bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profil Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Berdasarkan Teori Polya Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Matematika Siswa
Authors: Putri Sekartaji Machdalena Sari , Putri Rani Kurnia
Published: June 2022

Kemampuan dalam memecahkan masalah perlu dimiliki seluruh siswa. Selama ini yang menjadi masalah ialah bagaimana kemampuan memecahkan masalah dikembangkan pada proses belajar mengajar terutama matematika. Terdapat kesulitan siswa memecahkan masalah perlu mendapatkan perhatian dan di identifikasi secara lanjut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menggambarkan profil pemecahan masalah matematika berdasarkan teori Polya dengan tinjauan kemampuan matematika siswa. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan yaitu kualitatif, sedangkan jenisnya deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri atas subjek berkemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dipakai yaitu teknik tes dan wawancara.  Analisis data yang digunakan yakni hasil tes kemampuan matematika, hasil tes pemecahan masalah dan dikuatkan dengan hasil wawancara. Hasil penelitian menerangkan siswa dengan kemampuan matematika tingkat tinggi bisa mengatasi permasalahan, dan mengumpulkan informasi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Tetapi pada akhir perhitungannya siswa kurang teliti. Siswa yang berkemampuan matematika tingkat sedang dapat mengumpulkan informasi pada soal yang disediakan, namun siswa melakukan kekeliruan dalam menentukan rumus. Sedangkan siswa dengan berkemampuan matematika tingkat rendah belum mampu memahami permasalahan dan mengumpulkan informasi secara jelas. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa subjek penelitian tetap berada pada posisi pemahaman pemecahan masalah yang baik pada setiap tingkat kemampuan matematika siswa. Meskipun saat ini siswa melakukan sekolah dari rumah dikarenakan keadaan pandemi Covid-19.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Berdasarkan Prosedur Newman dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Materi Himpunan Kelas VII MTs
Authors: Nufus Hayatun , Roza Yenita , Maimunah Maimunah
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal himpunan menggunakan prosedur analisis kesalahan Newman. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitataif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa yang yang dipilih secara random dan diperoleh siswa sebanyak 10 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah tes tertulis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, diperoleh kesimpulan yang menunjukkan bahwa siswa melakukan kesalahan pada tahapan-tahapan Newman, yaitu: kesalahan membaca sebanyak 32,5%, kesalahan memahami sebanyak 32,5%, kesalahan transformasi sebanyak 22,5%, kesalahan keterampilan proses sebanyak 25%, dan kesalahan penulisan/notasi sebanyak 30 %. Hal ini menunjukkan kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh siswa beragan dan beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya kesalahan, yaitu: kurang teliti, tidak mampu membaca soal, tidak memahami masalah, dan tidak mampu melakukan prosedur atau langkah-langkah yang akan digunakan untuk menyelesaikan soal yang diberikan.
Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Takbar Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Novianti Novianti , Maula Luthfi Hamdani , Amalia Arsyi Rizqia
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan motivasi belajar siswa pada pelajaran matematika yang masih rendah. Permasalahan ini disebabkan kurangnya penggunaan media pelajaran karena keterbatasan alat untuk membuat media dan kondisi sekolah berada di wilayah 3T. Guru mengajar hanya memberikan penjelasan dengan memanfaatkan papan tulis dan buku paket. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran dan mendeskripsikan peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa menggunakan media takbar dalam pelajaran matematika. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian ini yaitu pada kelas IV SDN Tegalbuleud tahun ajaran 2021/2022 dengan jumlah partisipan 10 siswa, terdiri dari 4 siswa perempuan dan 6 siswa laki-laki. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa motivasi belajar siswa pada pra siklus memperoleh nilai rata-rata 62,04 kategori cukup, pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 76,96 kategori baik, dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 85,67 kategori sangat baik. dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran takbar dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa pada pelajaran matematika di SDN Rambay Kecamatan Tegalbuleud.
Increasing Front Rolls Learning Outcomes Through the Use of Learning Assistance Media
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad
Published: June 2022

This research uses Classroom Action Research (CAR). The data sources in this study were all seventh-grade students of Cawang Baru Junior High School Jakarta for the 2019/2020 Academic Year. The subjects of this research were the seventh-grade students of SMP Cawang Baru Jakarta for the Academic Year 2019/2020 totaling 22 people, consisting of 12 male students and 10 female students. Data collection techniques are through tests and observations of the process of learning activities. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptively based on qualitative analysis. The procedure of this research includes planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The results of the study show that the learning outcomes of the VII students of SMP Cawang Baru Jakaeta for the Academic Year 2019/2020 can be improved through use of learning aid media. From the results of the analysis obtained, there is an increase in the learning outcomes of front roll from the initial conditions to cycle I and cycle II. The results of the front roll learning have initial conditions (36%), cycle I (60%), cycle II (70%) with 18 students who completed. The conclusion of this research is that the use of learning aids media can improve the learning outcomes of front roll in class VII students of SMP Cawang Baru Jakarta for the Academic Year 2019/2020.
Melalui Pendekatan Saintifik Model Pembelajaran Covid-19 Metode Blended Learning untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Muatan Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Tema Udara Bersih Bagi Kesehatan pada Kelas V SD Negeri 60 Payakumbuh Semester Ganjil Tahu
Authors: Noviarita Noviarita
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to describe the use of the Covid-19 learning model with the blended learning method to improve student learning outcomes in Indonesian language learning content in class V at SDN 60 Payakumbuh. This type of research is Classroom Action Research. The research was carried out based on classroom action research steps with two cycles starting from the planning, implementation, observation and reflection stages. Research data in the form of test results, learning observations, field notes, and documentation of each learning improvement action. The source of research data is the process of learning activities. Data were obtained from the research subjects, namely teachers and students of class V, totaling 17 people, which was held from July to July. October 2021. The results of the research data analysis show that the use of the Covid-19 blended learning method can optimize student learning outcomes. This is evident from the increase in student learning outcomes in terms of knowledge and skills. The learning outcomes of the knowledge aspect have increased from 65.88 in the pre-cycle activities to 69.41 in the first cycle, increasing to 88.82 in the second cycle with an increase of 22.94. The learning outcomes of the skills aspect obtained an average of 67.64 in the pre-cycle, increasing to 81.76 in the first cycle and increasing again to 97.64 in the second cycle with an increase of 30.00. Based on the results of this study, the conclusions from research using the COVID-19 learning model in Indonesian language learning content need to be applied and developed in order improve the quality of education.
Hypertension-Associated Genes in the Mesenteric Artery of Three Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Substrains Identified Using a DNA Array Method
Authors: Aragane Yoshinori , Higashino Toshihide , Kinoshita Kosho , Ashenagar Mohammad Said , Higashino Hideaki
Published: June 2022

Background: Although the mesenteric artery plays a key role in regulating peripheral blood pressure, the molecular mechanisms that underlie the development of essential hypertension are not yet fully understood. Materials and Methods: We explored candidate genes for hypertension using three related strains of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) that mimic human essential hypertension. In this study we used DNA microarrays, a powerful tool for studying genetic diseases, to compare gene expression in the mesenteric artery of three SHR substrains: SHR, stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP), and malignant SHRSP (M-SHRSP). Results: Compared to normotensive 6-week old Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY), higher blood pressure correlated with overexpression of 31 genes and with down regulation of 24 genes. Adam23, which negatively regulates potassium current, and the potassium channel genes, Kcnc2 and Kcnq5, were associated with the onset of hypertension. In addition, Spock2 and Agtrap were identified as strengtheners of hypertension by analyzing up and down regulated genes at 9-weeks of age. Conclusions: Adam23, Kcnc2 and Kcnq5 appear to be factors for the onset of hypertension, while Spock2 and Agtrap are as factors that strengthen hypertension. These findings contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology of hypertension and to the development of treatment for this condition.
The Role and Mechanisms of Action of Natural Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer and Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Wang Yunqiao , Chen Mingtai , Yu Hao , Yuan Gang , Luo Li , Xu Xiongfei , Xu Yanneng , Sui Xinbing , Leung Elaine Lai-Han , Wu Qibiao
Published: June 2022

Cancer has emerged as one of the world’s most concerning health problems. The progression and metastasis mechanisms of cancer are complex, including metabolic disorders, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and intestinal microflora disorders. These pose significant challenges to our efforts to prevent and treat cancer and its metastasis. Natural drugs have a long history of use in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Many effective anti-tumor drugs, such as Paclitaxel, Vincristine, and Camptothecin, have been widely prescribed for the prevention and treatment of cancer. In recent years, a trend in the field of antitumor drug development has been to screen the active antitumor ingredients from natural drugs and conduct in-depth studies on the mechanisms of their antitumor activity. In this review, high-frequency keywords included in the literature of several common Chinese and English databases were analyzed. The results showed that five Chinese herbal medicines (Radix Salviae, Panax Ginseng C. A. Mey, Hedysarum Multijugum Maxim, Ganoderma, and Curcumaelongae Rhizoma) and three natural compounds (quercetin, luteolin, and kaempferol) were most commonly used for the prevention and treatment of cancer and cancer metastasis. The main mechanisms of action of these active compounds in tumor-related research were summarized. Finally, we found that four natural compounds (dihydrotanshinone, sclareol, isoimperatorin, and girinimbin) have recently attracted the most attention in the field of anti-cancer research. Our findings provide some inspiration for future research on natural compounds against tumors and new insights into the role and mechanisms of natural compounds in the prevention and treatment of cancer and cancer metastasis.
Expression of Novel Kinase MAP3K19 in Various Cancers and Survival Correlations
Authors: Nguyen Khoa , Yousefi Hassan , Cheng Thomas , Magrath Justin , Hartono Alifiani B. , Alzoubi Madlin , Hebert Katherine , Brock Courtney K. , Wright Maryl K. , Byrne Charles Ethan , Rivera Andrew , Okpechi Sam C. , Matossian Margarite Delores , Wathieu Henri , Elliott Steven , Mondrinos Mark J. , Lee Sean B. , Collins-Burow Bridgette M. , Alahari Suresh K. , Drewry David H. , Burow Matthew E.
Published: June 2022

Mitogen Activated Protein (MAP) kinases are a category of serine/threonine kinases that have been demonstrated to regulate intracellular events including stress responses, developmental processes, and cancer progression Although many MAP kinases have been extensively studied in various disease processes, MAP3K19 is an understudied kinase whose activities have been linked to lung disease and fibroblast development. In this manuscript, we use bioinformatics databases starBase, GEPIA, and KMPlotter, to establish baseline expressions of MAP3K19 in different tissue types and its correlation with patient survival in different cancers.
Role of Echocardiography in the Management of Patients with Advanced (Stage D) Heart Failure Related to Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Dandel Michael
Published: June 2022

Echocardiography (ECHO) is indispensable for evaluation of patients with terminal chronic heart failure (HF) who require transplantation or mechanical circulatory support by a left- or biventricular assist device (LVAD or BiVAD, respectively). In LVAD candidates, ECHO represents the first-line investigation necessary for a timely discovery of heart-related risk factors for potentially life-threatening post-operative adverse events, including identification of patients who necessitate a biventricular support. ECHO is also required for intra-operative guiding of VAD implantation and finding of the most appropriate setting of the device for an optimal ventricular unloading, postoperative surveillance of the VAD support, and monitoring of the RV changes in LVAD recipients. Thanks to the ECHO, which has decisively contributed to the proof that prolonged VAD support can facilitate cardiac reverse remodeling and functional improvement to levels which allow successful weaning of carefully selected patients from LVAD or BiVAD, the previous opinion that chronic non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICMP) is irreversible could be refuted. In patients with normalized and stable right heart catheter-derived hemodynamic parameters obtained at short-term interruptions of VAD support, ECHO has proved able to predict post-weaning long-term freedom from HF recurrence in patients with pre-implant terminal chronic NICMP. The purpose of this article is to offer an actualized theoretical and practical support for clinicians engaged in this particularly challenging and topical issue especially due to the new practical aspects which have emerged in conjunction with the growing use of long-term ventricular assist devices as bridge-to-transplantation or as destination therapy, as well as the increasing evidence that, in some patients, such VAD can become a bridge-to-recovery, allowing the removal of the device after a longer support time.
Co-Management of COVID-19 and Heart Failure During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned
Authors: Palazzuoli Alberto , Lavie Carl J , Severino Paolo , Dastidar Amardeep , Sammut Eva , McCullough Peter A.
Published: June 2022

The COVID pandemic has brought many new challenges worldwide, which has impacted on patients with chronic conditions. There is an increasing evidence base suggesting an interaction between chronic heart failure (HF) and COVID-19, and in turn the prognostic impact of co-existence of the two conditions. Patients with existing HF appear more prone to develop severe complications on contracting COVID-19, but the exact prevalence in patients with mild symptoms of COVID-19 not requiring hospital admission is poorly investigated. In addition, hospitalization rates for acute HF over the pandemic period appear reduced compared to previous periods. Several key issues remain rather unaddressed and, importantly, a specific algorithm focused on diagnostic differentiation between HF and acute respiratory distress syndrome, a severe complication of COVID-19, is still lacking. Furthermore, recent data suggests potential interaction existing between HF treatment and some anti-viral anti-inflammatory drugs prescribed during the infection, raising some doubts about a universal treatment strategy for all patients with COVID-19. With this manuscript, we aim to review the current literature in this field in light of growing understanding of COVID-19 in the setting of the HF population, its associated morbidity and mortality burden, and the impact on healthcare systems. We hope that this may stimulate a discussion to guarantee a better, more tailored delivery of care for patients with HF in the setting of concomitant COVID-19 infection.
GÖNÜLLÜ OLMAYAN KISMİ SÜRELİ İSTİHDAMIN BELİRLEYECİLERİ: HANE HALKI İŞGÜCÜ VERİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: AKGEYİK Tekin
Published: June 2022

İstatistikler birçok ülkede kısmi süreli istihdamın önemli bir bölümünün gönüllü olmayan statüde olduğunu göstermektedir. Ülkemizde ise, her 4 kısmi süreli işçiden yaklaşık 1’inin ekonomik nedenlerle yani tam süreli bir iş bulamadığı için kısmi süreli statüde çalıştığı görülmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, TÜİK Hane Halkı İşgücü ham verileri kapsamında Türkiye’de kısmi süreli istihdamı etkileyen demografik ve işgücü piyasası değişkenlerini incelemektir. Binary lojistik regresyon analizleri, erkek olmanın ve 35-44 yaş grubunda yer almanın gönüllü olmayan kısmi süreli bir işte çalışma olasılığını arttırdığını göstermekte-dir. Ayrıca niteliksiz işlerin, daha düşük deneyim süresinin ve kayıt dışı istihdamın bu olası-lığı arttıran diğer değişkenler olduğu gözlenmiştir. Tüm değişkenler bir arada regresyon modeli gönüllü olmayan kısmi süreli istihdamdaki değişimi %32,9 oranında açıklayabil-mektedir. Öte yandan analizler, gönüllü olmayan kısmi süreli istihdamın erkek çalışanlar arasında çok daha yaygın olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca bu tür bir istihdamın özellikle yetişkin yaş grubunda yoğunlaştığı anlaşılmaktadır. Benzer biçimde bulgular, gönüllü olmayan kısmi süreli çalışanların gönüllü kısmi süreli meslektaşlarına kıyasla daha düşük eğitim süresine sahip olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Nihayet, analizler, gönüllü olmayan kısmi süreli çalışanların gönüllü kısmi süreli meslektaşlarına kıyasla saatte %15,5 oranında daha az kazandıklarını göstermektedir.
ILO’NUN KATILIMCI TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET EŞİTLİĞİ DENETİMİ VE ÖRGÜTLERİN KURUMSAL YAPILARINA ETKİLERİ
Authors: BELET Nuran Halise
Published: June 2022

İşgücü piyasalarının temel paydaşlarının geliştirildiği normların ve uygulamaların ülkelerin emek piyasalarındaki kurumlar ve eşitsizlikler üzerinde önemli etkileri olmaktadır. Temel paydaşlardan birisi emek örgütleri ve sendikalar olmaktadır. Sendikalar bulundukları işgücü piyasalarının özellikleri ve kurumsal yapılarıyla birlikte çalışanların insana yakışır işler ve bunun sağlanması temelli çalışma hakkının kullanılmasını etkilemektedir. Çalışma yaşamının gereken düzenlemeleri ve uluslararası normlarla eşgüdümlü olarak, ilgili uluslararası örgütlerin çalışmaları, direktif ve tavsiye edilen sözleşmeleri; katılımcı ve eşitlikçi kurumsal yapıların ve piyasaların oluşturulmasını artan önemde desteklemektedir. Bu kurumlardan birisi de ILO’dur. ILO, emek piyasalarında kurumların eşitsizliklerin önlenmesi, özellikle de toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliliğinin sağlanmasına yönelik kurumsal kültüre sahip sendikal örgütleri i de dikkate alarak Katılımcı Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitliği Denetimi aracını geliştirmiştir. Katılımcı Toplumsal Cinsiyet Denetimi, emek piyasalarının cinsiyete dayalı insana yakışır işler ve ilgili paydaşların kurumsal yeterliliklerin sağlanması için 2000’li yıllarda geliştirilmiş ve kadın ve erkekler arasında uygulanmıştır. Birleşmiş Milletler sisteminde bu amaçlarla geliştirilen ilk denetim aracıdır. Bu çalışmada ILO’nun Katılımcı Toplumsal Cinsiyet Denetiminin metodolojisi, uygulanmasına yönelik araçlar ve örgütsel kimliğin buna göre nasıl denetlenebileceğine yer verilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, sendikaların örgüt kültürlerini de içine alan denetim bulgularının sendikalar tarafından nasıl içselleştirileceği örneklendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın içeriğinde denetimin kurumsal yapılar aracılığıyla çalışma hayatına getireceği katkılar ve mekanizma önerilerine de yer verilmiştir.
HUMAN RATIONALITY AND SOCIAL VALUES OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR IN THE MARKET ECONOMY
Authors: KARAGÜL Mehmet
Published: June 2022

While the market economy rejects the intervention of the state in economic events, it leaves the operation of the economy to the market power, which is shaped according to the hu-man being defined as rational and homoeconomic. It is certain that the social problems that arise with the repeated economic crises, the injustice of income distribution and the accompanying poverty make it inevitable to question this understanding. The limited un-derstanding of rationality that emerged in this context draws attention to the fact that human beings often make mistakes by feeding on emotionality and environmental effects. In this analysis, it is certain that the social values that are the source of the related behav-iors are not sufficiently emphasized. Because it is certain that basic economic behaviors such as production, consumption and sharing should not be handled independently of social values and individual beliefs. Therefore, in this study, the necessity of social values and preferences to evolve into a much more sharing and humane direction with the under-standing of social responsibility, rather than profit maximization and capital accumula-tion, in the formation of economic policies will be discussed with different dimensions.
PEDAGOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISMS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF REFLEXIVE SKILLS IN FUTURE LANGUAGE TEACHERS
Authors: journals Savantic
Published: June 2022

This article deals with the pedagogical and psychological mechanisms for the development of reflexive skills in future language teachers and determined the criteria for the development of professional reflexivity of teachers. In addition, author tries to reveal the possibilities of methodological work in the development of professional reflexivity of teachers of an educational organization.
Hubungan pemerintah dengan gerakan koperasi
Authors: Nirwana
Published: June 2022

Koperasi merupakan badan usaha bersama yang bertumpu pada prinsip ekonomi kerakyatan yang berdasarkan atas asas kekeluargaan. Sebuah badan usaha yang organisasinya didirikan khusus bertujuan untuk memberi kesejahteraan tersebut lebih ke sector ekonomi.Koperasi dalam posisinya sebagai soko guru perekonomian nasional, sesungguhnya dapat menjadi suatu kekuatan ekonomi yang seimbang, dengan kekuatan ekonomi Negara dan swasta.
Analisis Permintaan dan Penawaran Agregat
Authors: Rifaldi Muh
Published: June 2022

Permintaan agregat sering ditulis AD (agreggate demand) adalah jumlah total pembelanjaan oleh rumah tangga konsumen, perusahaan dan pemerintah pada berbagai tingkat harga. Semakin tinggi tingkat harga maka semakin kecil belanja barang oleh pelaku-pelaku ekonomi dan sebaliknya jika harga semakin rendah, maka belanja barang dan jasa yang dilakukan pelaku-pelaku ekonomi dalam suatu perekonomian akan semakin meningkat. Sedang penawaran agregat (agreggate supply) sering ditulis AS menunjukkan pada total kuantitas barang yang bersedia dihasilkan oleh seluruh produsen dalam suatu perekonomian pada berbagai tingkat harga dalam suatu periode tertentu. Semakin besar nilai investasi riil maka akan meningkatkan kapasitas produksi suatu perekonomian dan pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan jumlah total nilai penawaran barang dan jasa.
Molecular features of risk factors for stroke and potential mechanism
Authors: Huang Junjin , Lin Yuhan , Liao Lipeng , David Chanyuk Lam , Liu Qiuyun
Published: June 2022

Calorie restriction is beneficial to patients with numerous diseases including stroke and extend lifespan, and it reduces the intake of all amino acids, particularly essential amino acids. However, the exact nature of this phenomenon and its mechanism on human disorders have not been fully dissected. Examined risk factors for stroke are generally high in basic amino acids, leucine plus phenylalanine, or/and valine plus glycine. These features, more pronounced in segments of the causative proteins, resemble cationic antimicrobial peptides or stressful peptides rich in valine plus glycine, prompting the generation of acids or/and insoluble and stiff calcium salts such as calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate. Rigid salts are stressful and destructive to cells and tissues as in the case of renal stones, whereas strong acids are part of proton stress. Prophylactic strategies can be designed accordingly to cope with this devastating disorder.
Resume pasar bebas dan kebijakan pemerintah
Authors: Idil
Published: June 2022

Perdagangan bebas merupakan suatu kegiatan jual beli produk antar negara tanpa adanya kerumitan  aturan atau birokrasi yang mengatur perdagangan bebas itu didalam suatu Negara. Sehingga, suatu Negara, perusahaan, atau perorangan sekalipun dapat menjual produk yang diciptakannya di luar negeri
Makalah Kewirausahaan Koperasi
Authors: Yusmiana Gusti
Published: June 2022

Dalam usaha pemulihan krisis ekonomi Indonesia dewasa ini, sesungguhnya koperasi mendapatkan peluang (opportunity) untuk tampil lebih eksis. Krisis ekonomi yang diawali dengan krisis nilai tukar dan kemudian membawa krisis hutang luar negeri, telah membuka mata semua pemerhati ekonomi bahwa "fundamental ekonomi" yang semula diyakini kesahihannya, ternyata hancur lebur. Para pengusaha besar konglomerat dan industri manufaktur yang selama ini diagungagungkan membawa pertumbuhan ekonomi yang pesat pada rata-rata 7% pertahun, ternyata hanya merupakan wacana. Sebab, ternyata kebesaran mereka hanya ditopang oleh hutang luar negeri sebagai hasil perkoncoan dan praktik mark-up ekuitas, dan tidak karena variabel endogenous (yang tumbuh dari dalam).
Resume teori produksi dan kegiatan perusahaan
Authors: Idil
Published: June 2022

Perusahaan adalah institusi atau lembaga yang menggunakan atau me-manfaatkan dan mengorganisasikan faktor-faktor produksi untuk menghasilkan suatu barang-barang dan jasa-jasa. Perusahaan ada atau diadakan karena me-manfaatkan faktor kelangkaan.
PENDIDIKAN POLITIK DI SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN POLITIK SISWA
Authors: Rinjani
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertolak dari kondisi keprihatinan mengenai dinamika politik yang terjadi secara umum di Indonesia, terutama berkaitan dengan kesadaran politik generasi muda bangsa yang minim memperoleh pendidikan politik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana pelaksanaan pendidikan politik di sekolah dalam meningkatkan kesadaran politik siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode deskriptif analisis. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi studi dokumentasi, wawancara, dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sekolah sebagai komponen terpenting pendidikan pada dasarnya dapat dijadikan media pendidikan politik untuk menanamkan kesadaran politik generasi bangsa melalui berbagai macam bentuk program pendidikan politik baik melalui mata pelajaran PKn, kegiatan OSIS, ekstrakurikuler, maupun bentuk kegiatan lain yang terencana ataupun yang bersifat insidental yang bermaksud untuk memberikan informasi politik kepada siswa.
Resume pasar persaingan sempurna
Authors: Idil
Published: June 2022

Pasar persingan sempurna adalah model pasar yang paling klasik dan paling sering digunakan dalam analisis ilmu ekonomi. Model ini telah dianggap sebagai teori dan secara luas digunakan untuk meramalkan keadaan ekonomi.
Clay Mineral Type and Content Control Properties of Fine-Grained CO2 Caprocks—Laboratory Insights from Strongly Swelling and Non-Swelling Clay–Quartz Mixtures
Authors: Nooraiepour Mohammad
Published: June 2022

Understanding and predicting sealing characteristics and containment efficiency as a function of burial depth across sedimentary basins is a prerequisite for safe and secure subsurface storage. Instead of estimators and empirical relationships, this study aimed to delineate data-driven variability domains for non-cemented fine-grained clastic caprocks. Constant rate-of-strain uniaxial compression experiments were performed to measure changes in properties of brine-saturated quartz–clay mixtures. The binary mixtures were prepared by mixing quartz with strongly swelling (smectite) and non-swelling (kaolinite) clays representing end-member clay mineral characteristics. The primary objective was to evaluate the evolution of mudstone properties in the first 2.5 km of burial depth before chemical compaction and cementation. By conducting systematic laboratory tests, variability domains, normal compaction trends, and the boundaries in which characteristics of fine-grained argillaceous caprocks may vary were identified, quantified, and mathematically described. The results showed distinct domains of properties, where kaolinite-rich samples showed higher compressibility, lower total porosity, higher vertical permeability, and higher Vp and Vs. Two discrepancies were discovered in the literature and resolved regarding the compaction of pure kaolinite and the ultimate lowest porosity for quartz–clay mixtures. The present experimental study can provide inputs for numerical simulation and geological modeling of candidate CO2 storage sites.
Building Archean cratonic roots
Authors: Jain Charitra , Rozel Antoine , van Hunen Jeroen , Chin Emily , Manjón-Cabeza Córdoba Antonio
Published: June 2022

Geophysical, geochemical, and geological investigations have attributed the stable behaviour of Earth's continents to the presence of their Archean cratonic roots. These roots are likely composed of melt-depleted, low density residual peridotite with high Magnesium number (Mg#), while devolatilisation from the upper mantle during magmatic events might have made these roots more viscous and intrinsically stronger than the convecting mantle.Several conceptual dynamic and petrological models of craton formation have been proposed. Dynamic models invoke far-field shortening or mantle melting events, e.g., by mantle plumes, to create melt-depleted and thick cratons. Compositional buoyancy and rheological modifications have also been invoked to create long-lived stable cratonic lithosphere. However, these conceptual models have not been tested in a dynamically self-consistent model. In this study, we present global thermochemical models of craton formation with coupled core-mantle-crust evolution driven entirely by gravitational forces.Our results with melting and crustal production (both oceanic and continental) show that formation of cratonic roots can occur through naturally occurring lateral compression and thickening of the lithosphere in a self-consistent manner, without the need to invoke far-field tectonic forces. Plume impingements, and gravitational sliding creates thrusting of lithosphere to form thick, stable, and strong lithosphere that has a strong resemblance to the Archean cratons that we can still observe today at the Earth's surface. These models also suggest the recycling of denser eclogitic crust by delamination and dripping processes. Within our computed parameter space, a variety of tectonic regimes are observed which also transition with time. Based on these results, we propose that a ridge-only regime or a sluggish-stagnant-lid regime might have been active on Earth during the Archean Eon as they offer favourable dynamics and conditions for craton formation.
Climate stress and its impact on livestock health, farming livelihoods and antibiotic use in Karnataka, India
Authors: Eskdale Adam , El Tholth Mahmoud , Paul Jonathan , Desphande Jayant , Cole Jennifer
Published: June 2022

Understanding the impact of climate change on livestock health is critical to safeguarding global food supplies and economies. Informed by ethnographic research with Indian farmers, veterinarians, and poultry industry representatives, we evidence that both precipitation and vapour pressure are key climate variables that relate to outbreaks of haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS), anthrax (AX), and black quarter (BQ) across the Indian state of Karnataka. We also identify temperature and maximum temperature to be negatively correlated with the same diseases, indicating that a cooling (but still hot) climate with wetter, humid conditions is a prime risk factor for future outbreaks. Principal component analyses have revealed the SW India monsoon and winter periods to be the most strongly correlated with HS, AX and BQ outbreaks. We identify vapour pressure, a proxy for humidity, as having a positive relationship with these specific livestock diseases. The negative relationship between temperature and these diseases, combined with the positive correlation with rainfall and humidity, allow us to classify climate-associated risk using a combination of gridded meteorological time series and epidemiological outbreak data covering the same region and timespan of 1987–2020. Risk maps were constructed following concerns over the growing impact of climate pressures raised by farmers during ethnographic study. Informed by their insights, we used current climate data and future climate projections as a risk classification tool to assess how disease risk varies in Karnataka in the present and possible future scenarios. Despite a relatively limited epidemiological dataset, clear relationships between precipitation, vapour pressure, and temperature with HS, AX and BQ, along with outbreak high-risk zones were defined. This methodology can be replicated to investigate other diseases (including in humans and plants) and other regions, irrespective of scale, as long as the climate and epidemiological data cover similar time periods. This evidence highlights the need for greater consideration of climate change in One Health research and policy and puts forward a case for, we argue, greater alignment between UNFCCC and One Health policy, for example, within the Tripartite Agreement (between OIE, FOA and WHO) on antimicrobial resistance as disease risk cannot be considered independent of climate change.
Microcystin as a Biogeochemical Cycle: pools, fluxes, and fates of the cyanotoxin in aquatic ecosystems
Authors: Shingai Quin , Wilkinson Grace
Published: June 2022

Microcystin poses a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health. There is a pressing need to understand the production, movement, and storage of microcystin in lakes. We constructed a conceptual biogeochemical model for microcystin through a comprehensive literature synthesis, identifying four major pools and nine major fluxes in lakes that also connect to the terrestrial environment. This conceptual model can be used as the framework for developing ecosystem mass balances of microcystin. We propose that the concentration of microcystin in the water column is the balance between the import, sediment translocation, production and degradation, uptake, burial, and export. However, substantial unknowns remain pertaining to the magnitude and movement of microcystin. Future investigations should focus on sediment fluxes, drivers of biodegradation, and seasonal dynamics. Adopting the framework of a “microcystin cycle” improves our understanding of processes driving toxin prevalence and helps to prioritize strategies for minimizing exposure risks.
Robust Probabilities of Detection and Quantification Uncertainty for Aerial Methane Detection: Examples for Three Airborne Technologies
Authors: Conrad Bradley , Tyner David , Johnson Matthew
Published: June 2022

Thorough characterization of probabilities of detection (POD) and quantification uncertainties is fundamentally important to understand the place of aerial measurement technologies in alternative means of emission limitation (AMEL) or alternate fugitive emissions management programs (Alt-FEMP); monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) efforts; and surveys designed to support measurement-based emissions inventories and mitigation tracking. This paper presents a robust framework for deriving continuous probability of detection functions and quantification uncertainty models for example aerial measurement techniques based on controlled release data. Using extensive fully- and semi-blinded controlled release experiments to test Bridger Photonics Inc.'s Gas Mapping LiDAR (GML)™, as well as available semi- and non-blinded controlled release data for Kairos LeakSurveyor™ and NASA/JPL AVIRIS-NG technologies, robust POD functions are derived that enable calculation of detection probability for any given source rate, wind speed, and flight altitude. Uncertainty models are separately developed that independently address measurement bias, bias variability, and measurement precision, allowing for a distribution of the true source rate to be directly calculated from the source rate estimated by the technology. Derived results demonstrate the potential of all three technologies in methane detection and mitigation, and the developed methodology can be readily applied to characterize other techniques or update POD and uncertainty models following future controlled release experiments. Finally, the analyzed results also demonstrate the importance of using controlled release data from a range of sites and times to avoid underestimating measurement uncertainties.
Correcting visual acuity beyond 20/20 improves contour element detection and integration: A cautionary tale for studies of special populations
Authors: Keane Brian Patrick , Silverstein Steven M. , Papathomas Thomas V. , Krekelberg Bart
Published: June 2022

Contrary to popular lore, optimal visual acuity is typically better than 20/20. Could correcting acuity beyond 20/20 offer any benefit? An affirmative answer could present new confounds in studies of aging, development, psychiatric illness, neurodegenerative disorders, or any other population where refractive error might be more likely. An affirmative answer would also offer a novel explanation of inter-observer variability in visual performance. To address the question, we had individuals perform two well-studied visual tasks, once with 20/20 vision and once with optical correction, so that observers could see one line better on an eye chart. In the contour integration task, observers sought to identify the screen quadrant location of a sparsely defined (integrated) shape embedded in varying quantities of randomly oriented “noise” elements. In the collinear facilitation task, observers sought to detect a low-contrast element flanked by collinear or orthogonal high-contrast elements. In each case, displays were scaled in size to modulate element visibility and spatial frequency (4-12 cycles/deg). We found that improving acuity beyond 20/20 improved contour integration for the high spatial frequency displays. Although improving visual acuity did not affect collinear facilitation, it did improve detection of the central low-contrast target, especially at high spatial frequencies. These results, which were large in magnitude, suggest that optically correcting beyond 20/20 improves the detection and integration of contour elements, especially those that are smaller and of higher spatial frequency. Refractive blur within the normal range may confound special population studies, explain inter-observer differences, and meaningfully impact performance in low-visibility environments.
Clinical Evaluation of Tamra Yoga in Rajo Kshaya With special reference to PCOD
Authors:   PG Scholar, Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, S. V. Ayurvedic College, Tirupati-517507, Andhra Pradesh, India, Rugmini R.K , Sridurga C.H ,   Associate Professor and HOD, Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, S. V. Ayurvedic College, Tirupati-517507, Andhra Pradesh, India, Suneela P ,   Associate professor, Department of Prasuti Tantra and Stree Roga, S. V. Ayurvedic College, Tirupati-517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: June 2022

Background: Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) is one of the most common endocrinological disorder affecting women of reproductive age in the recent times. Based on clinical features, this disease can be correlated with the condition Rajo Kshaya (Oligomenorrhoea or Amenorrhea) mentioned in Ayurveda. Tamra Yoga is one of the special formulations found in Rasa Tantra Sara va Siddha Prayoga Sangraha - Prathama Khanda – Bhasma Prakarana. Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of Tamra Yoga in the treatment of Rajo Kshaya w. s. r to PCOD. Materials & Methods: A total of 32 patients having signs and symptoms of PCOD were selected for the non-randomized, non-group, open labeled clinical trial. Tamra Yoga was administered in a dose of 655 mg two times a day after meals with hot water for 45 days. Follow-up was done after a period of 45 days. Evaluation was done totally grounded on the variations in the clinical features of PCOD and observations made by ultrasound. Results were analyzed statistically using ANOVA test. Results: Statistically highly significant relief (P<0.001) was seen in Interval and Duration of menstruation, Quantity of menstrual bleeding, Pain associated with menstrual bleeding, Right and Left Ovarian volume, Number of follicles and in Acne. Conclusion: This study substantiates the efficacy of Tamra Yoga in the management of PCOD.
Live online lecture versus classroom lecture: perception of undergraduate medical and nursing students and faculty
Authors: Bashyal Ritu , Devbhandari Ranjan , Pradhan Prasil , Byanju Jayandra , Aryal Sushant , Maharjan Babu Raja
Published: June 2022

Introduction: During COVID-19 pandemic, live online lectures were offered for the first time to the undergraduate students. Due to its novelty, it was important to identify the effectiveness. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the perception of students and faculty regarding the attributes of lectures delivered via live online versus classroom platform.
Method: In this descriptive study, after approval from the ethical committee, link to the validated questionnaire was sent via email to all participants. Quantitative data were expressed as numbers and percentage while thematic analysis was done for qualitative data.
Result: In this study 22 faculty members and 176 students participated. Twenty-one (95%) faculty and 159 (90.3%) students agreed that it was a good initiative to start live online lectures during the pandemic, and 18 (81.8%) faculty and 160 (91%) students were satisfied or partially satisfied with online mode. Limitations identified were technical issues and lack of physical interaction. Both faculty members 18 (81.8%) and students 116 (65.9%) agreed or strongly agreed that online lectures were less interactive, and suggested ways to improve online lectures by making sessions more interactive, proper lecture scheduling and using different online media.
Conclusion: Participants identified various strengths of live online mode which is encouraging to use during adverse situations or even continue as a standard platform but it is not without limitations. Thus, for successful implementation, proper planning and designing of lectures are required.
A study on coronary bifurcation lesions and procedural outcome at Manmohan cardiothoracic vascular and transplant center, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Poudel Chandra Mani , Shakya Smriti , Gajurel Ratna Mani , Shrestha Hemant , Devkota Surya , Thapa Sanjeev , Manandhar Bhawani , Khanal Rajaram
Published: June 2022

Background and Aims: Coronary bifurcation lesions are associated with high atherosclerotic plaque burden due to turbulent blood flow and high shear stress. There are various strategies for bifurcation stenting however, they are often prone to major cardiac events during percutaneous coronary intervention. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical profile and procedural outcome of patients with coronary bifurcation lesions.

Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant center, Kathmandu, Nepal. Two hundred and eight patients were enrolled in this study who had coronary bifurcation lesions seen on invasive coronary angiography from August 2017 to October 2021. The procedural complications were assessed.

Results: The mean age of patients with coronary bifurcation lesions was 61.48±11.19 years. Out of total 208 patients, 77% were males. True bifurcation lesion was seen in 65.4% of patients. Left anterior descending artery with diagonal was the most common bifurcation lesion (67.3%). The provisional stenting was done in 80.8% of patients and rest underwent 2-stent strategy. The complications mainly observed during the provisional stenting were plaque shift and side branch dissection.

Conclusion: The provisional stenting is the most preferred and suitable technique for most bifurcation lesions if technically feasible.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: First Case in Nepal.
Authors: Adhikari Chandra Mani , Bogati Amrit , Roka Madhu , Timalsina Birat Krishna , Khan Barkadin , Karki Shova , Acharya Anjana , Ghimire Vijay , Shahi Roshni , Prajapati Dipanker , Rajbhandari Sujeeb
Published: June 2022

Surgical aortic valve replacement has remained the gold standard therapy for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis patients for decades. However, in past decade transcatheter aortic valve implantation has been an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement in patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis who are not suitable for open heart surgery. We report first case of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in Nepal in an 80-year-old female with symptomatic severe AS who was successfully treated and had good functional and hemodynamic results at one-months follow-up.
ANALYSIS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC PROCESSES IN THE CONVERTER OF THREE-PHASE VOLTAGE INTO A CONSTANT WITH SEVENTEEN VOLTAGE REGULATION
Authors: Мykhailenko V. , Svyatnenko V. , Peretyatko J. , Тrubitsyn K. , Bаchynskiy V.
Published: June 2022

The urgency of the work is due to the need to use different methods of calculating steady-state and transient processes in electrical circuits with semiconductor switches. The need to use these methods is determined by the feasibility of their use to achieve high energy, dynamic, technical and operational characteristics of semiconductor converters (SCC). The aim of the research is to study new models of converters. The work is devoted to the questions of improving effectiveness of electric power semiconductor transducer devices. The process of end-to-end design of semiconductor power reformers, like any other electronic device, includes design stages at the structural, functional, circuit, component, design and technological levels. The feature of descending designing is the opportunity of implementation of structural and functional creation in advanced environment automated schematic designing. It has been offered the new way of such creation, methods of ascending designing have been developed and realized. Principles of analog macro models construction for power elements and control system devices of semiconductor converters, which are intended for hierarchical designing with multilevel modeling by uniform software, are considered. The developed macro models and new methods of the analysis allow to reduce expenses of time at modeling. Flexible procedure of transition from one kind of model to another allows to combine profundity of the analysis with its comprehensiveness and choose alternately exactness or quickness of modeling as required. The task of developing methods for designing transducers by numerical methods and forming libraries of macro models of basic elements and devices of transducers of various levels of detail from structural level models to functional and circuit macro models is quite relevant, from physical to macro model formation is quite relevant. Solving these problems will allow computer modeling at different levels of design (structural, functional and circuit) by different numerical methods.