bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Low-Pass Filtering on Isometric Midthigh Pull Kinetics
Authors: Dos'Santos Thomas , Lake Jason , Jones Paul A. , Comfort Paul
Published: January 2018

Dos'Santos, T, Lake, J, Jones, PA, and Comfort, P. Effect of low-pass filtering on isometric midthigh pull kinetics. J Strength Cond Res 32(4): 983–989, 2018—The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of low-pass filtering on isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) kinetics, including body weight (BW), onset threshold force, time-specific force values (50, 100, 150, and 200 ms), and peak force (PF). Forty IMTP trials from 24 collegiate athletes (age: 21.2 ± 1.8 years, height: 1.72 ± 0.09 m, mass: 79.4 ± 8.2 kg) were analyzed and compared using unfiltered (UF) and low-pass filtered (LPF) (fourth-order Butterworth) with cutoff frequencies of 10 (LPF10) and 100 (LPF100) Hz. Significantly lower (p < 0.001, g = −0.43 to −0.99) onset threshold forces were produced when force data were LPF. This led to significant (p < 0.001, g = 0.05–0.21) underestimations of time-specific force values when LPF10 compared with UF, displaying unacceptable percentage differences (1.2–3.3%) and unacceptable limits of agreement (LOA) (−25.4 to 100.3 N). Although significantly different (p ≤ 0.049), trivial (g ≤ 0.04) and acceptable percentage differences (≤0.8%) and acceptable LOA (−28.0 to 46.2 N) in time-specific force values were observed between UF and LPF100. Statistically significant (p < 0.001), yet trivial (g ≤ 0.03), and acceptable percentage differences (≤0.7%) and acceptable LOA (−4.7 to 33.9 N) were demonstrated in PF between filtering conditions. No significant differences (p = 1.000) and identical BW values were observed between filtering conditions. Low-pass filtering results in underestimations in IMTP kinetics; however, these differences are acceptable between LPF100 and UF but unacceptable between LPF10 and UF (excluding PF). Filtering procedures should be standardized when longitudinally monitoring changes in IMTP force-time characteristics to allow valid comparisons, with analysis of UF data recommended.
Effect of Impact Energy in the Esso Test (Part 1: Basic Experiments and Validation of FEM Analysis)
Authors: Kawabata Tomoya , Kaneko Masahito , Aihara Shuji
Published: January 2018

To enhance the integrity of manufactured steel plate structures, the arrest toughness is an important parameter and is actually required in several structural applications, e.g., shipbuilding, tankage, and power plants, where brittle cracking occurs. Currently, the Esso test is the most popular evaluation method for arrest toughness. In the Esso test, a notch located at the top of the specimen is forced open by impact energy. Generally, it is expected that the arrest toughness may be affected by impact. However, the effect of the impact has not been considered in the evaluation methods so far. Furthermore, the impact energy is selected arbitrarily and differs depending on the test organization. Considering the current situation, it is quite important to evaluate the effect of impact on the obtained results. In the present work, in order to clarify the effect of impact on the arrest toughness evaluation, changes in the driving force at the running crack tip are examined by finite element method (FEM) analyses including impact. In particular, the fundamental behavior of the specimen due to impact and the validation of FEM analysis are investigated.
Timescales of Intrinsic BOLD Signal Dynamics and Functional Connectivity in Pharmacologic and Neuropathologic States of Unconsciousness
Authors: Huang Zirui , Liu Xiaolin , Mashour George A. , Hudetz Anthony G.
Published: January 2018

Environmental events are processed on multiple timescales via hierarchical organization of temporal receptive windows (TRWs) in the brain. The dependence of neural timescales and TRWs on altered states of consciousness is unclear. States of reduced consciousness are marked by a shift toward slowing of neural dynamics (<1 Hz) in EEG/ECoG signals. We hypothesize that such prolongation of intrinsic timescales are also seen in blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals. To test this hypothesis, we measured the timescales of intrinsic BOLD signals using mean frequency (MF) and temporal autocorrelation (AC) in healthy volunteers (n= 23; male/female 14/9) during graded sedation with propofol. We further examined the relationship between the intrinsic timescales (local/voxel level) and its regional connectivity (across neighboring voxels; regional homogeneity, ReHo), global (whole-brain level) functional connectivity (GFC), and topographical similarity (Topo). Additional results were obtained from patients undergoing deep general anesthesia (n= 12; male/female: 5/7) and in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) (n= 21; male/female: 14/7). We found that MF, AC, and ReHo increased, whereas GFC and Topo decreased, during propofol sedation. The local alterations occur before changes of distant connectivity. Conversely, all of these parameters decreased in deep anesthesia and in patients with DOC. We conclude that propofol synchronizes local neuronal interactions and prolongs the timescales of intrinsic BOLD signals. These effects may impede communication among distant brain regions. Furthermore, the intrinsic timescales exhibit distinct dynamic signatures in sedation, deep anesthesia, and DOC. These results improve our understanding of the neural mechanisms of unconsciousness in pharmacologic and neuropathologic states.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTInformation processing in the brain occurs through a hierarchy of temporal receptive windows (TRWs) in multiple timescales. Anesthetic drugs induce a reversible suppression of consciousness and thus offer a unique opportunity to investigate the state dependence of neural timescales. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that sedation with propofol is accompanied by the prolongation of the timescales of intrinsic BOLD signals presumably reflecting enlarged TRWs. We show that this is accomplished by an increase of local and regional signal synchronization, effects that may disrupt information exchange among distant brain regions. Furthermore, we show that the timescales of intrinsic BOLD signals exhibit distinct dynamic signatures in sedation, deep anesthesia, and disorders of consciousness.
Senegalese artisanal gold mining leads to elevated total mercury and methylmercury concentrations in soils, sediments, and rivers
Authors: Gerson Jacqueline R. , Driscoll Charles T. , Hsu-Kim Heileen , Bernhardt Emily S.
Published: January 2018

The largest source of global mercury (Hg) anthropogenic inputs to the environment is derived from artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) activities in developing countries. While our understanding of global Hg emissions from ASGM is growing, there is limited empirical documentation about the levels of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) contamination near ASGM sites. We measured THg and MeHg concentrations in soil (n = 119), sediment (n = 22), and water (n = 25) from four active ASGM villages and one non-ASGM reference village in Senegal, West Africa. Nearly all samples had THg and MeHg concentrations that exceeded the reference village concentrations and USEPA regulatory standards. The highest median THg concentrations were found in huts where mercury-gold amalgams were burned (7.5 μg/g), while the highest median MeHg concentrations and percent Hg as MeHg were found in river sediments (4.2 ng/g, 0.41%). Median river water concentrations of THg and MeHg were also elevated compared to values at the reference site (22 ng THg/L, 0.037 ng MeHg/L in ASGM sites). This study provides direct evidence that Hg from ASGM is entering both the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems where it is converted in soils, sediment, and water to the neurotoxic and bioavailable form of MeHg.
5α-dihydrotestosterone reduces renal Cyp24a1 expression via suppression of progesterone receptor
Authors: Lee Sang R , Park Mi-Young , Yang Hyun , Lee Geun-Shik , An Beum-Soo , Park Bae-kuen , Jeung Eui-Bae , Hong Eui-Ju
Published: January 2018

Androgens act in concert with vitamin D to influence reabsorption of calcium. However, it is unclear whether androgens directly regulate vitamin D homeostasis or control other cellular events that are related to vitamin D metabolism. To examine whether the expression of vitamin D-related genes in mouse kidney is driven by androgens or androgen-dependent effects, the androgen receptor and other sex steroid receptors were monitored in orchidectomized mice treated with 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Our results revealed that exposing orchidectomized mice to DHT inhibited the expression of progesterone receptor (Pgr) with or without estrogen receptor α expression, the latter was confirmed by ER-positive (MCF7 and T47D) or -negative (PCT) cells analysis. The loss of Pgr in turn decreased the expression of renal 24-hydroxylaseviatranscriptional regulation becauseCyp24a1gene has a progesterone receptor-binding site on promoter. When male kidneys preferentially hydroxylate 25-hydroxyvitamin D3using 24-hydroxylase rather than 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1-alpha hydroxylase, DHT suppressed the Pgr-mediated 24-hydroxylase expression, and it is important to note that DHT increased the blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D3levels. These findings uncover an important link between androgens and vitamin D homeostasis and suggest that therapeutic modulation of Pgr may be used to treat vitamin D deficiency and related disorders.
Income Inequality and Carbon Emissions in Post-soviet Nations, 1992–2009
Authors: Jorgenson Andrew , Schor Juliet , Giedraitis Vincentas
Published: January 2018

We assess the relationship between national-level income inequality and carbon dioxide emissions for a sample of eleven post-Soviet nations during the 1992 to 2009 period. Our findings suggest that both total and per capita emissions are positively associated with income inequality, measured as a Gini coefficient. These results are consistent with analytical perspectives that highlight how income inequality could lead to increases in carbon emissions as well as recent sociological research on income inequality and emissions for samples of nations in other structural and geographical contexts.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM PERPUSTAKAAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL VIEW CONTROLLER (MVC) DENGAN METODE OBJECT MODELLING TECHNIQUE (OMT) PADA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA NEGERI 44 PALEMBANG
Authors: Wiharto Yudi
Published: January 2018

RETRACTION TO: Wiharto, Y. (2017). Perancangan Sistem Perpustakaan Menggunakan Model View Controller (MVC) Dengan Metode Object Modelling Technique (OMT) pada Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 44 Palembang. Jurnal Teknik Informatika, 10(2), 147-158. doi: 10.15408/jti.v10i2.6993We wish to retract this article due to double publication with article which published in Jurnal Teknologi Informasi Vol 12, No 1 (2016), titled” PERANCANGAN SISTEM PERPUSTAKAAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL VIEW CONTROLLER (MVC) DENGAN METODE OBJECT MODELLING TECHNIQUE (OMT) PADA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA NEGERI 44 PALEMBANG” with the same author who is Yudi Wiharto.We deeply regret any inconvenience this publication has caused for others.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pendistribusian Zakat Pada Baznas Kota Pekanbaru Menggunakan Fuzzy Multiple Attribute Decission Making (FMADM) Dan Simple Additive Weighting (SAW)
Authors: Haerani Elin , Ramdaril Ramdaril
Published: January 2018

RETRACTION TO: Haerani, E. Ramdaril. (2017). SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENDISTRIBUSIAN ZAKAT PADA BAZNAS KOTA PEKANBARU MENGGUNAKAN FUZZY MULTIPLE ATTRIBUTE DECISSION MAKING (FMADM) DAN SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW). Jurnal Teknik Informatika, 10(2), 159-168. doi:10.15408/jti.v10i2.6994
Primer registro de la especie Macrelmis tarsalis (Hinton, 1936) (Coleoptera: Elmidae) para Colombia
Authors: Hincapié Montoya Denis Mairú , Uribe-Soto Sandra Inés
Published: January 2018

Se registra por primera vez para Colombia y se amplía la distribucióngeográfica de la especie Macrelmis tarsalis (Hinton, 1936) (Coleoptera: Elmidae) previamente registrada para Costa Rica, Panamá y Ecuador.
O ensaio como estratégia de leitura, pesquisa e escrita
Authors: Da Silva Ana Márcia Martins
Published: January 2018

Este artigo discute uso do gênero textual ensaio aos estudantes de Ensino Médio (EM) e estudantes de graduação em língua portuguesa. Este gênero textual, além de exigir autoria, também requer bagagem cultural, obtida através da leitura e pesquisa. No EM, as produções trataram temas de interesse para os adolescentes (linguagem da internet e questões culturais do estado em que moram) e na universidade, questões pertinentes à qualificação do professor de língua portuguesa. Nós tentamos usar estratégias que evitem a gramaticalização do gênero textual, como vamos mostrar no relato das experiências com estudantes de 2ª e 3ª séries do EM e com alunos de graduação em disciplinas do terceiro e quinto semestres, identificadas aqui respectivamente como DI e DII. Este artigo está organizado em duas seções. Na primeira, vamos discutir brevemente as contribuições teóricas para o conceito do gênero textual ensaio, uma vez que estamos preocupados com a reflexão sobre as práticas de escrita motivadas pela necessidade de um ponto de vista claro sobre o tema. Na segunda parte, apresentamos o relato de experiências em dois níveis diferentes de ensino – EM e universidade – que tinham um objetivo geral comum, mas diferentes objetivos específicos. Nas considerações finais, tentaremos analisar os resultados obtidos com essas experiências.********************************************************************The essay as strategy of reading, research and writingAbstract: This paper discusses the use of the essay by High School and undergraduate students of Portuguese language. This textual genre, besides demanding a clear authorship, also requires cultural knowledge, obtained through reading and research. In HS, the texts dealt with topics of interest to teenagers (Internet language and cultural issues in the state where they live). At university, the themes were pertinent to the qualification of teachers of Portuguese language. We tried to use strategies that avoid the grammaticalization of the textual genre, as we are going to show in the report of the experiences with 2nd and 3rd grade students of HS and with third and fifth semester undergraduate students, identified here respectively as DI and DII. This article is organized in two sections. In the first one, we are going to briefly discuss the theoretical contributions to the concept of the essay as a textual genre, since we are concerned here about reflecting on the writing practices motivated by the need for a clear point of view on the matter. In the second part, we present the report of experiences at two different levels of teaching – HS and university – which had a common general objective, but different specific objectives. In the final considerations, we will try to analyze the results obtained with such experiences.Keywords: Essay; Textual genre; Reading; Research; Writing
“Sermão de Santo Antônio aos peixes” ou a metáfora do imaginário colonial português
Authors: Mügge Ernani , Conte Daniel
Published: January 2018

O presente artigo analisa as críticas dirigidas aos colonos portugueses, presentes no “Sermão de Santo Antônio aos Peixes”, à luz do contexto no qual foi produzido, com o intuito de identificar particularidades do momento histórico e social do Maranhão e do Grão-Pará, região circunscrita à atuação do Padre Antônio Vieira. O sermão é enunciado em 1654, depois do retorno de Pe. Vieira ao Brasil e antes de dirigir-se novamente a Portugal, para denunciar o descumprimento, pelos colonos, das leis de proteção aos indígenas. Tendo o sermão por base, o artigo evidencia que a literatura se vale de aspectos e episódios do mundo em que é produzida, para transfigurá-los e devolvê-los ao leitor, em forma de ficção, conscientizando-o das denúncias de que é porta-voz.********************************************************************“Sermão de Santo Antônio aos peixes” or the metaphor of colonial Portuguese imaginaryAbstract: The present article analyzes the criticism directed at the Portuguese colonists, which appears in the “Sermon of Saint Anthony to the Fish”, considering the context in which it was produced, aiming to identify the specificities of the historical and social moment in Maranhão and Grão Pará, which region was circumscribed to the activities of Father Antonio Vieira. The sermon was made in 1654, after Padre Vieira returned to Brazil and before he went back to Portugal again to denounce the fact that the colonists were not obeying the laws of protection to the indigenous people. Based on the sermon, the article takes the position that literature uses aspects and episodes of the world in which it is produced to transfigure them and return them to the reader in the form of fiction, making them aware of the denunciations they carry.Keywords: Sermão; Padre Vieira; Colonial Imaginary; Portugal
A necessidade do impossível: o paradoxo da historiografia literária no Brasil nas primeiras décadas após a independência
Authors: De Souza Júnior Luís Roberto
Published: January 2018

A historiografia literária brasileira viveu uma situação paradoxal nas primeiras décadas após a Independência do país (1822). A literatura, na condição de item de um sistema simbólico que ajudava a delinear o conceito de nação, precisava de uma historiografia para legitimá-la. Por outro lado, não era possível cunhar uma historiografia, dado que o Brasil não possuía ainda obras representativas de um sistema literário, conforme os parâmetros estabelecidos por Antonio Candido. O artigo trata desse paradoxo, tomando como base em textos de estudiosos da literatura e historiadores. Também se mostra como essa situação transparece em três textos do período: “Sobre a história da literatura do Brasil” (1836), de Gonçalves de Magalhães; “Bosquejo da história da poesia brasileira” (1840/41), de Joaquim Norberto de Sousa Silva; e “Da nacionalidade da literatura brasileira” (1843), de Santiago Nunes Ribeiro.********************************************************************The need of the impossible: the paradox of Brazilian Literaturein the first decades after the country’s independenceAbstract: Brazilian literary historiography lived a paradoxical situation in the first decades after the country’s independence (1822). The literature, as a part of a symbolic system that helped to shape the concept of nation, needed a historiography to legitimize it. On the other hand, it was not possible to coin a historiography, given that Brazil did not yet have enough representative works that would constitute a literary system, according to the definition of Antonio Candido. Based on texts of literature scholars and historians, this article analyses this paradox. It also shows how this situation is seen in three texts of the period: “Sobre a história da literatura do Brasil” (1836), by Gonçalves de Magalhães; “Bosquejo da história da poesia brasileira” (1840/41), by Joaquim Norberto de Sousa Silva; and “Da nacionalidade da literatura brasileira” (1843), by Santiago Nunes Ribeiro.Keywords: Literary historiography; Brazilian literature; Literary system
Early Gastric Cancer: Clinical Behavior and Treatment Options. Results of an Italian Multicenter Study on Behalf of the Italian Gastric Cancer Research Group (GIRCG)
Authors: Saragoni Luca , Scarpi Emanuela , Ravaioli Alessandra , Morgagni Paolo , Roviello Franco , Vindigni Carla , Rausei Stefano , Chiaravalli Anna Maria , Fumagalli Uberto , Spaggiari Paola , Rosa Fausto , Ricci Riccardo , Donini Annibale , Giovenali Paolo , Tomezzoli Anna , De Manzoni Giovanni
Published: January 2018

Background

Early gastric cancer (EGC) generally has a good prognosis. However, the current definition of EGC includes various subgroups of patients with different pathological characteristics and different prognoses, some of whom have aggressive disease with a biological behavior similar to that of advanced carcinoma.

Materials and Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 1,074 patients with EGC who had undergone surgery between 1982 and 2009. The cumulative incidence function of cancer-specific mortality and competing mortality were estimated using the Fine and Gray method.

Results

The median follow-up period was 193 months (range 1–324). Five hundred and sixty-two (52.3%) patients died, 96 (8.9%) from EGC. The 5-, 10-, and 15-year cumulative incidence rates for mortality of all causes were 20.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 18.0–22.9), 37.1% (95% CI 34.7–40.7), and 52.6% (95% CI 49.1–56.0), respectively; for cancer-specific mortality, 6.0% (95% CI 4.5–7.6), 9.9% (95% CI 7.9–11.9), and 11.1% (95% CI 8.8–13.3), respectively; and for mortality of other causes, 14.4% (95% CI 12.1–16.6), 27.2% (95% CI 24.2–30.2), and 41.5% (95% CI 38.1–43.3), respectively. A significant increase in the risk of cancer-specific mortality was observed for lesions >2 cm (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.44, 95% CI 1.07–1.94), Pen A-type disease (adjusted HR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.15–2.61), and node-positive cancers (adjusted HR = 2.28, 95% CI 1.61–3.21).

Conclusion

Patients with EGC with tumors >2 cm, Pen A-type disease according to Kodama, or lymph node metastases show a poorer prognosis and an increased risk of cancer-specific mortality.

Implications for Practice

Early gastric cancer generally has a good prognosis, and some patients can be treated radically by endoscopic resection. However, the current definition of early gastric cancer includes subgroups of patients with an aggressive disease. In particular, patients with lymph node metastases and Pen A-type tumors according to Kodama's classification need a more invasive treatment, such as subtotal or total gastrectomy with an extended D2 lymphadenectomy, plus eventual adjuvant chemotherapy.
The Foundational Tenets of Johannes Althusius' Constitutionalism
Authors: Malan Koos J
Published: January 2018

In his Politica: Politics Methodically set Forth and Illustrated with Sacred and Profane Examples published in 1603 Johannes Althusius' sets out his grand scheme of republican federalism. Soon, however, the final establishment of the territorial state and the paradigm of statism relegated grand federalism to the distant margins of constitutional theory.

Statism as concisely enunciated in this article, recognises only two entities namely the state as a centralised power apparatus and the abstract individual on whom a statist identity in the image of the state is enforced. Statism dispenses with communities.

Statism has been playing out on a continuum, with the statist-individualism on the one and statist-collectivism on the opposite extreme. Statist-individualism seeks to fend off the risks of supreme political power with strategies for the protection of individual rights. In contrast, statist-collectivism dispenses with the subtleties of statist-individualism and is distinctively more blatant in forging a homogeneous statist nation.

In the face of the rise of claims of communities, the emergence of communitarian thinking and increased evidence of the receding territorial state, new - post statist - constitutional thinking is gathering strength. This has unleashed considerable interest in alternative thinking such as that of Althusius.

Althusius’ grand federalism should be viewed, however, within the context of his broader constitutional thinking, which on close analysis, is constituted by four interlinked aspects namely: piety, justice and community; covenant (or contract); supremacy of the commonwealth and of the law; and political authority and public office. These tenets are the main focus of the present discussion.

There is no room for a blanket transplantation of Althusian thinking into modern constitutional theory. However, it does provide a valuable source of communitarian theory for contemporary constitutional law. It brings to light that (individual) identity, morality, and a happy life and individual rights can only be conceived of within the framework of communities.  Moreover, Althusius’ convictions on (shared) popular sovereignty, in contrast to undivided (statist) sovereignty and his views on public office provided the framework for constitutionalism and limited government which could arguably improve on that of contemporary statist constitutionalism.
NASA Robotic Mining Competition 2017 Systems Engineering Report; Badger Robotic Mining Team
Authors: Zeugner David William
Published: January 2018

Held at Kennedy Space Center, NASA hosts their annual Robotic Mining Competition to challenge college students with designing and fabricating a robot suitable for mining in environments outside Earth. This year, the Badger Robotic Mining Team at UW-Madison competed for its second time in the competition. To prepare, team members continued work on their RMC 2016 miner, and after such prototyping developed a new robot for RMC 2017. The same mining strategy from the previous competition was used for RMC 2017. This paper summarizes the development of various elements of the mining robot.
Exploring the Effects of Foreground Removal Techniques and Instrumental Systematics on Observations of the 21 cm Neutral Hydrogen Signal
Authors: Hoscheit Benjamin Louis
Published: January 2018

There is a substantial and growing interest in cosmology to study the 21 cm signal emitted or absorbed by large abundances of neutral hydrogen (HI) in the vast cosmic web of the universe. Â Such study has the potential to allow scientists to map the matter distribution of the universe over nearly its entire history. Â However, in order to unlock this rich potential, one must develop the ability to distinguish and remove large contaminating signals from ionized gas in the foregrounds of the 21 cm signal in addition to having high precision control of instrumental systematics. Â As such, we first understand and construct the associated ability to remove four common astrophysical foregrounds to 21 cm experiments. Â We then assess the degree to which three common instrumental systematics introduce systematic un-smoothing effects into the analysis of these astrophysical foregrounds. Â This study works within the framework of simulated Green Bank Telescope radio beam data.
The Systems and Design Philosophy of Mosquito 2.0
Authors: Ahern Allison Marie , Gillig Robert Paul , Julius Jason , Walker Woodrow
Published: January 2018

The MSOE Underwater Robotics Team is a fifth year student organization at the Milwaukee School of Engineering. Last year, the team attended the international competition at NASAâ€™s Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory and placed fifth attracting the attention of the new students and faculty members. This yearâ€™s ROV, Mosquito 2.0, was designed specifically to be compact, practical and modular, focusing on adaptability and stability to be able to complete any scheduled task, while being able to change critical systems for future endeavors. A subsystem approach to design allowed a lot of collaboration to happen since each part of the ROV could be worked on separately and brought together with ease.
Identifying Evolutionary Patterns of SMBHs Using Characteristic Variables of the Quasar AGNs of eBOSS
Authors: Martens Sarah Katherine
Published: January 2018

WeÂ intendÂ toÂ investigateÂ theÂ redshiftÂ distributionÂ andÂ environmentalÂ conditionsÂ ofÂ quasarÂ AGNs.Â WeÂ employÂ specific redshiftÂ binsÂ withinÂ eBOSSÂ toÂ drawÂ conclusionsÂ onÂ theÂ evolutionaryÂ pathÂ ofÂ supermassiveÂ blackÂ holesÂ (SMBHs)Â and howÂ itÂ isÂ dependentÂ onÂ environment;Â inÂ additionÂ weÂ seekÂ toÂ determineÂ theÂ extentÂ toÂ whichÂ AGNÂ feedbackÂ is responsibleÂ forÂ heatingÂ withinÂ theÂ intergalactic mediumÂ ofÂ galaxyÂ groups.
Fabrication of ZnO/Graphene Nanocomposite by Ultrasonic Homogenization
Authors: Pfund Jacob D
Published: January 2018

Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a commonly used material in the production of transparent conducting films. However, indium is toxic, environmentally unfriendly, and expensive. To remedy this issue, a new material must be developed which can serve as a replacement for ITO. This project utilized commercially available zinc oxide powder and graphene nanoplatelets to manufacture nanocomposite materials through ultrasonic homogenization. To investigate their physical properties, these nanocomposites were then subjected to UV-Vis spectroscopy, particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffractometry. Results indicate that ZnO/Graphene nanocomposites have promising potential as an inexpensive and environmentally friendly transparent conductor.
2017 Elijah High-Altitude Balloon Launch Team Summer Proceedings Report
Authors: Bock Quinlan Jackson , Davitz Taylor , Furey Josh , Rasmussen Tyler
Published: January 2018

The 2017 Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium Elijah High-Altitude Balloon Launch Team was comprised of one student from Lawrence University, two students from the Milwaukee School of Engineering, and one student from the University of Wisconsin â€“ Fox Valley. This year, three members of the team had experience with high altitude balloon launches due to previous participation on either the Elijah Payload or Launch Team, or both. A training session was hosted by Dr. Farrow to familiarize or refresh the team with the physical setup of a launch train as well as how to run track predictions and how to read the jet stream charts. Launches were planned and carried out for the Elijah High-Altitude Balloon Payload Team. This launch was successful, reaching a peak altitude of over 115,000 ft (35 km) above mean sea level.
Pioneer Rocketry- 1st Place Midwest Rocket Launch 2017
Authors: Guither Adrian , Dickler Jane , Oberhauser Grant
Published: January 2018

The Midwest High Power Rocket Launch Competition is hosted by the Minnesota Space Grant Consortium every year. This year the competition was to design and build an â€œadaptableâ€ rocket that was able to fly on very different high power rocket motors to the same altitude. While some teams attempted to achieve this goal with air brakes or via adding additional mass to the rocket, we chose to utilize passive aerodynamic forces in our design.We are very proud that we were able to win first place in this competition. While we did not achieve the highest flight score, we were very close to the maximum value achieved by any team. We are especially proud of how well our fully passive design worked, reaching apogees of 6211 ft on the aerotech J90, and 6220 ft on the cesaroni K2045, a difference of only 9 ft.
Using Velocity Anisotropy to Analyze Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence in Giant Molecular Clouds
Authors: Madrid Alecio
Published: January 2018

Theoretical studies have shown structure function (SF) analysis to be a strong tool for gaging interstellar magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. MHD turbulence plays a critical role in the structure and evolution of giant molecular clouds (GMCs) as well as in the formation of sub-structures known to spawn stellar progenitors. This study takes an in-depth approach to studying the limitations of SF analysis for gauging MHD turbulence in GMCs. Limitations of radio observation has led to large variations in the methods used to extract GMCs from survey data. Thus, a strong indicator of the robustness of SF analysis is whether it remains accurate even when implementing different methods of extraction. Even though a plethora of studies have indicated the strong potential of SF for analyzing MHD turbulence, this study finds significant cause for concern regarding the feasibility of SF analysis as a robust tool in GMC spectroscopy.
2017 WSGC Elijah High-Altitude Balloon Payload
Authors: Hennigan Nicholas McWilliam , Oliphant Stuart , Rasmussen Tyler T , Rosenberger Frederick M , Vollmer Blaine T
Published: January 2018

The 2017 WSGC Elijah High-Altitude Balloon Payload Fellowship focused on three different topics for high altitude research: Modular Payload Design, Balloon Dynamics, and Energy Harvesting. A modular payload system was created using advanced manufacturing methods, which improved assembly and field operation. Minor structural fracturing was observed upon recovery. All instrumentation recovered were functioning. Vertical flight dynamics of a high-altitude balloon were studied to create a model that was compared against experimental data. Predictions did not accurately replicate GPS altitude data, possibly due to incorrect internal-balloon pressure readings and underlying assumptions. Habitability of high-altitude environments were explored by monitoring insect analog in pressurized environment. A slow pressure leak induced insects into a comatose state. Radiation was detected visually with camera.Investigated energy generation from balloon kinematics. Flight data not obtained but flight simulation data produced average voltage = 0.0039 V and total energy = 245.13 J.
Development of an Experimental Lunar Volatiles Extraction System
Authors: Olson Aaron
Published: January 2018

The Helium Extraction & Acquisition Testbed (HEAT) is an experimental lunar volatiles extraction system designed to test recuperative heat pipe heat exchanger (HPHX) technology that could be used to release volatiles from lunar regolith.Â  HEAT has passive and active granular flow components that allow for the controlled flow of regolith through a variety of HPHX configurations.Â  HEAT has instrumentation to measure regolith and heat pipe temperature at key positions in the device to ascertain the HPHX recuperative efficiency of the device.Â  Volatile gas release is also measured with the use of a residual gas analyzer.Â  The primary volatile of interest for this investigation is helium-3 (3He).Â  As a surrogate for 3He containing regolith, 4He containing JSC-1A regolith simulant is used.Â  A summary of the design of the HEAT device and an overview of the modeling approach for an HPHX will be discussed in this paper.
Modal Propellant Gauging
Authors: Wehr Jackson , Lee Nathaniel , Janiak Megan
Published: January 2018

Since 2011, the Modal Propellant Gauging (MPG) team, consisting of multidisciplinary undergraduate researchers from Carthage College, has been developing and testing a fuel gauging system for use in microgravity environments. Using experimental modal analysis (EMA) techniques, the goal of the MPG project is to develop a flight ready technology that gauges fuel in microgravity environments by correlating the modal response of a 1-g equilibrium surface to the microgravity surface response at the same fluid fill level. The technology has been tested aboard parabolic flights via a manned parabolic flight payload. The payload consists of two propellant tanks and is designed to measure the modal response of each propellant tank to an injected white noise signal via piezoelectric sensors. Flight data shows that the MPG method can measure fuel with greater than or equal to 1% resolution at and below 50% fill levels. Under funding from the Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium during the summer of 2017, the MPG team made improvements to the parabolic flight payload in addition to designing a new payload for use aboard a Blue Origin New Shepard research flight scheduled for the first half of 2018.
The search for novel bacteriophages aboard the International Space Station leads to the identification of two Bacillus species
Authors: Grams Tristan R , Tobiason Deborah M. , Venkateswaran Kasthuri , Henle Andrea M.
Published: January 2018

The establishment of a permanent human presence on the International Space Station (ISS) raised new questions regarding the microbial burden inside this closed environment. High-efficiency particulate filters (HEPA) have been installed inside the ISS to reduce the level of harmful microbes that may affect an astronautâ€™s health. While multiple studies have investigated bacteria within the ISS, no research has been done to detect the viruses that attack bacteria, bacteriophages, which can be used for biocontrol of bacterial levels. Bacteriophages specifically infect bacteria, replicate, and lyse the bacterial host cell, releasing new progeny. The goal of this interdisciplinary project is to isolate and characterize bacteriophages obtained from ISS HEPA filter samples. In the process of isolating bacteriophages, two Bacillus species were recovered and identified from the HEPA filters. This research allows for the potential application of bacteriophages in therapeutics and in the control of microbial burden in space.Â
Omnidirekcionális robot megvalósítása, dinamikai és mozgásszabályozási tulajdonságainak mérése
Authors: Nagy Dániel , Szemes Péter Tamás , Husi Géza
Published: January 2018

Ez a kutatás a National Instruments által forgalmazott omnidirekcionális platformok teljestő képességét foglalja össze.
Android Linux alapú alkalmazás fejlesztése & RFID beléptető rendszer monitorozása
Authors: Uszkai Sándor , Papp Beatrix , Shaw Edwin , Erdei Timotei István
Published: January 2018

Napjainkban az IoT eszközök egyre szélesebb körben vannak jelen az iparban és ez a trend kezd elterjedni a kis- és középvállalkozások körében is. Az efféle új technológiai ágazatok az Industry 4.0 megjelenése óta robbanásszerű növekedésnek indultak. Az informatikusok számára új kihívást jelent ez az új irányzat, mivel a korábbinál alaposabb ismeretekre van szükségük a számítógépes hálózatok területén, valamint a hálózatra kötött eszközöket nemcsak programozniuk kell megtanulni, de ismerniük kell azok egyes elemeit és működésüket. Projekt során egy olyan beléptető rendszert került létrehozásra, ami nemcsak a nagyvállalatok, de a kisebb vállalkozások, valamint magánszemélyek számára is megfizethető, és könnyen kezelhető.
Secure Video Streaming Implementation for Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) Data Link with Raspberry Pi 3 over https
Authors: Dursun Mahir , Çuhadar İsmet
Published: January 2018

With the widespread usage of the UAVs, the questions about their reliabilities have increased recently. Because they are generally used for reconnaissance, surveillance and intelligence purposes, it is very important that air vehicles are physically robust and that software and data transfer is reliable. The first thing to cover when it comes to UAV security and reliability is the data link subsystem. Although UAVs are produced by many companies, data link/communication security problem still continues. It is very important to send the right information to the right spot over long distances. In this paper, a representation environment created for working with secure data link and a new method for video streaming for UAVs developed in this environment are presented. In the representation environment, a data link system has been designed with Raspberry Pi 3, Picamera and https for video streaming and the method has been verified by experiments. The secure image transfer method was formed by adapting different existing methods (Motion-Jpeg, TCP/IP, TLS/SSL and user authentication/authorization system) to a different area as UAV system and using them together rather than developing a new encryption method. This method will be successfully used in UAV systems due to its low cost and reliability.
Tooth Localization with Coarse-to-Fine Auto-Encoders
Authors: OKTAY Ayşe Betül
Published: January 2018

Localization of teeth is a prerequisite task for
most of the computerized methods for dental images such as medical diagnosis
and human identification. Classical deep learning architectures like
convolutional neural networks and auto-encoders seem to work well for tooth
detection, however, it is non-trivial because of the large image size. In this study,
a coarse-to-fine stacked auto-encoder architecture is presented for detection
of teeth in dental panoramic images. The proposed architecture involves
cascaded stacked auto-encoders where sizes of the input patches increase with
the successive steps. Only the detected candidate tooth patches are fed into
the successive layers, thus the irrelevant patches are eliminated. The proposed
architecture decreases the cost of detection process while providing precise
localization. The method is tested and validated on a dataset containing 206
dental panoramic images and the results are promising.
Role of pterygopalatine blockade in the early rehabilitation program of children after congenital cataract surgery
Authors: Shchuko Andrey G. , Iureva Tatiana N. , Oleshchenko Irina G.
Published: January 2018

Nowadays, the surgical treatment of congenital cataract is a small-incisions surgery (aspiration, in some cases ultrasound phacoemulsification). It corresponds to the Fast Track surgery principles, and as a quick recovery technology it requires optimization of pain control in the early postoperative period.

Purpose. To estimate the efficiency of the pterygopalatine block as a component of an optimized Fast Track protocol in children after congenital cataract surgery.

Materials and methods. 54 children operated for congenital cataract were included in the study. All patients were divided into 2 groups. In the first group (n = 26), a regional component of combined anesthesia on sevoflurane basis was carried out in combination with a pterygopalatine block; in the second group (n = 28), there was an implementation of a retrobulbar block. The efficiency of the methods was evaluated by a comparative analysis of hemodynamic parameters, the index of the vegetative system tension, the assessment of pain intensity by a verbal rating scale, as well as by the severity of ocular inflammatory reactions.

Results. Obtained data show that the pterygopalatine ganglion block as a component of a combined anesthesia in congenital cataract surgery allows providing adequate anesthesia, creating prolonged pain control, reducing the inflammatory reaction in postoperative period during the first 24 hours.

Conclusion. On the basis of our analysis, the possibility of a safe implementation of optimized (Fast-Track) protocol was proven.
Clinical care of acanthamoeba keratitis patients
Authors: Skryabina Yelena V. , Astakhov Yuriy S. , Konenkova Yanina S. , Varganova Tatiana S. , Petukhov Vladimir P. , Nokhrina Kseniya V. , Dnestryanskaya Kaleriya O.
Published: January 2018

Recently, akanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is seen more and more often in ophthalmological practice. However, today there are no standard guidelines concerning diagnosis and treatment of patients with AK. In the article, the experience in care for such patients is presented.

Purpose: to estimate the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment of patients with AK.

Materials and methods. Case histories of patients, who received treatment for akanthamoeba keratitis in the Eye Microsurgery Department No. 4, City Ophthalmologic Center of the City Hospital No. 2, from 2011 to 2016, were analyzed. Under observation, there were 25 patients (26 eyes) with akanthamoeba keratitis aged from 18 to 77 years; there were 15 men and 10 women. Patients were observed during 1 year. Full ophthalmologic examination was conducted in all patients. Additional diagnostic methods included microbiological investigation of corneal scrapes and washings, culturing them on innutritious agar (with E. сoli covering), confocal corneal microscopy (HRT 3 with cornea module, Heidelberg Retina Tomograph Rostock Cornea Module). A superficial punctate keratits (AK stage 2) was found in one patient. All other patients were divided into two groups. Stromal ring-shaped keratitis was diagnosed in patients of the first group (7 patients, AK stage 3). The 2nd group consisted of 17 patients with corneal ulcer (AK stage 4). All patients received medicamentous treatment. However patients of the 2nd group required different kinds of surgical treatment.

Results. In AK diagnosis, corneal confocal microscopy is the most informative method. In patients with AK stages 2 and 3, there was an improvement in visual functions as a result of medicamentous therapy. As a result of treatment at the discharge from the hospital, the best corrected visual acuity was 0.5-1.0 for most patients. In the 2nd group patients, who were subjects to different types of surgical treatment visual functions stabilized. However non-compliance with recommendations led to disease recurrences with worse outcomes in four cases.

Conclusion. It is possible to stop the inflammatory process preserving at the same time high visual functions only when patients are addressed in time, and when appropriate AK therapy is prescribed and patients are compliant with it for a long time.
The influence of local IOP-lowering therapy on the anterior segment tissues and outcome of glaucoma filtering surgery
Authors: Petrov Sergej Yu. , Lovpache Dzhamilya N. , Loskutov Igor' A. , Safonova Daria M.
Published: January 2018

Nowadays, a wide choice of local IOP-lowering medications allows ensuring a successful intraocular pressure compensation and primary open angle glaucoma stabilization. However, taking into consideration a long term action of drugs on the ocular surface, even without clinical manifestations there is a direct inflammatory cells activation with mixed toxic and allergic changes, which is confirmed by histology, immune-histology, and impression cytology methods. Such chronic sub-clinical inflammation represent a potential risk of excessive fibroblast proliferation with subsequent rapid postoperative scarring of new outflow pathways and atypical filtration bleb formation. It is shown that there is a clear relationship between number of glaucoma drugs used, treatment duration, intensity of conjunctival infiltration with inflammatory cells and fibroblasts, and risk of episcleral fibrosis and subconjunctival scarring during post-op period.
Experience in personalized cell therapy clinical implementation for treatment of patients with primary endothelial dystrophy after phacoemulsification
Authors: Astakhov Sergey Yu. , Riks Inna A. , Papanyan Sanasar S. , Kasparov Arkadiy A. , Kasparova Evgeniya A. , Pavlyuk Aleksandr S. , Fedotova Karolina
Published: January 2018

The article presents treatment results of the personalized cell therapy (PCT) method in patients with early post-operative bullous keratopathy which developed in eyes with pre-existing primary Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy (ED). The patented PCT consists in incubating in vitro the patients blood with the stimulator (polyA:polyU), collecting serum with activated leukocytes weighted in it, and introducing the obtained cell preparation in the anterior chamber of the patients eye. The study included 12 patients with ED and pseudophakia. The observation period ranged from 8 to 12 months. The therapeutic effect of PCT was obtained in 58.3% of cases, allowing to avoid further surgical procedures. To achieve a good therapeutic effect, several PCT sessions are recommended. To date, PCT is the only effective therapeutic treatment method for early corneal edema after phacoemulsification.
The Optimization of Frying Process of Tumpi-tumpi from Milkfish used Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Syahrul Syahrul , Syarief Rizal , Hermanianto Joko , Nurtama Budi
Published: January 2018

Tumpi-tumpi is a traditional food from South and West Sulawesi (ethnic Bugis-Makassar) using fish
as raw material. The quality parameters of tumpi-tumpi, especially in terms of oil absorption, color and
texture were affected by the condition of the frying process (including the percentage of coating materials,
temperature and frying time). This study was aimed to assess the production technology of the tumpi-tumpi
through frying process optimization of deep fat frying using Design Expert 7.0® software with Response
Surface Methodology (RSM) Box-Behnken Design producing an optimal response. The results showed that
the response of color (L value, ohue) and texture (hardness, cohesiveness) of tumpi-tumpi were significantly
influenced by the percentage of coating materials as well as frying temperature and time. The optimization
using software Design Expert 7.0® with RSM Box-Behnken produced the optimal processing formula of
1.5% coating materials, 150oC frying temperature and 30 s frying time produced the tumpi-tumpi with
properties as follows: 62.25 of L (lightness) value indicating a bit light, 78.73 of ohue indicating yellow red
color, 15407.60 gs hardness reflecting moderat hardness and 0.51 g/g cohesiveness impressing slight chewy.