bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Faaliyet Kaldıraç Derecesinin Satış Gelirleri Üzerindeki Etkisi: Havayolu Şirketlerinde Bir Uygulama
Authors: DAYI Faruk
Published: September 2019

Sivil havacılık sektörü, hızla büyüyen dinamik bir sektördür. Yolcu sayısındaki artış, yeni uçuş noktaları ve düşük fiyatlı uçak biletleri sektörün büyümesinde etkili olmaktadır. Ancak sivil havacılık sektörü yüksek bütçeli yatırımlar gerektirmektedir. Personel ve yakıt maliyetlerinin yüksek oluşu sektördeki rekabet düzeyini düşürmektedir. Havayolu şirketleri uçuş başına sabit maliyetleri karşıladıktan sonraki satılan her bilet, şirketin marjinal kârını artırmaktadır. Bu nedenle yüksek tutarlarda sabit maliyet ile faaliyet gösteren havayolu şirketlerinin faaliyet kaldıracı ile satış gelirleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesinin literatüre katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir. Çalışmanın uygulamasında satış geliri, faaliyet kaldıraç derecesi, finansal kiralama giderleri, aktif kârlılık oranı ve özsermaye kârlılık oranı değişkenlerinden oluşan bir model geliştirilmiştir. Dünyanın her kıtasından en az bir şirket olmak üzere 20 havayolu şirketinin verileri kullanılmıştır. Veri seti 2010-2016 dönemini kapsamaktadır. Panel veri yöntemiyle analiz yapılmıştır.  Analiz sonuçlarına göre faaliyet kaldıraç derecesi ile satış gelirleri arasında pozitif yönde bir korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Uçaktaki yolcu sayısı arttıkça, kaldıraç etkisiyle daha fazla satış geliri elde edilmektedir. Doluluk oranının artması şirketlerin performansını da olumlu yönde etkilemiştir. Finansal kiralama giderleri ile satış gelirleri arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki vardır.  Satış gelirleri ile aktif kârlılık oranı arasında da pozitif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Analizde Özsermaye kârlılık oranı anlamsız çıkmıştır. Uygulama kapsamındaki havayolu şirketlerinin negatif Özkaynaklara sahip olmasının oranın anlamsız çıkmasını etkileyebileceği düşünülmektedir.
Afyonkarahisar Yorganlarının Teknik, Desen ve Kompozisyon Özellikleri
Authors: KÜÇÜKKURT Ülkü
Published: September 2019

İnsanlık
tarihi kadar eski olan temel ihtiyaçlar içinde örtünme yer almaktadır. Teknik
ve estetik anlamda kendini geliştiren insan, yorgan üretiminde bu süreci
yaşamıştır. Dîvânu Lugâti’t Türk’te yorgan: Yogurkan, yörgen olarak
geçmektedir. Türklerin tarihinde yorgan her dönem önemini korumuş, hayatın
vazgeçilmez bir parçası olmuştur. Ege bölgesinde yer alan ve karasal iklime
sahip Afyonkarahisar’da günlük kullanılan eşyalar ve çeyiz geleneğinde yorganın
önemli bir yeri vardır. Şer’iye sicillerinde yorganlar, kayıt altına
alınmıştır. Afyonkarahisar’da yorgan dikimi atölyelerde ve evlerde yapılmakta,
atölyelerde erkekler, evlerde kadın ustalar çalışmaktadır. Afyonkarahisar’da
yün, pamuk dolgulu yorganlar dikilmektedir. Yorganlarda açık renkler, pastel
tonlar tercih edilmektedir. Motifler bitkilerden, eşyalardan ve geometrik
şekillerden oluşturulmuştur. Hazır yorganların mağazalarda yerini almasıyla el
dikimi yorganlara ilgi azalmış, zamanla arz ve talebe bağlı olarak yorgan
ustalarının sayısında azalma meydana gelmiştir. Çalışmada, alan araştırması
yöntemi kullanılarak kaybolmaya yüz tutmuş Afyonkarahisar el dikimi
yorganlarının, incelenerek yazılı kaynak haline getirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Araştırmada, yorganların Afyonkarahisar kültüründe ki yerine, üretiminde
kullanılan malzemelere, dikim tekniklerine, desen özellikleri ile yorgan örneklerine
yer verilmiş, üretimin devamına yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Hediye ve Hediye Satın Alma Davranışları
Authors: ŞEKER Arzu
Published: September 2019

Tüm
dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de bebek doğumundan, düğünlere, sünnet düğününden
yıl dönümlere, doğum günlerinden mezuniyetlere kadar birçok önemli olay ve
günde hediye verilmektedir. Bunların dışında Batı dünyasından tüm dünyaya
yayılan anneler günü, sevgililer günü, babalar günü ve benzeri gibi birçok özel
günde, pazarlama çabalarının da bir sonucu olarak hediyeleşmek, olmazsa olmaz
bir durum halini almıştır. Birçok özel günde ve durumda hediyeleşmeyle ortaya
çıkan ekonomik büyüklük, toplam tüketim harcamaları içerisinde çarpıcı bir paya
sahip olmaktadır. Bu nedenle pazarlama araştırmacıları, tüketicilerin hediye
satın alma davranışlarını ayrıca ele alarak incelemektedirler. Ülkemizde bu
konuda akademik çalışmaların yetersizliğinin nedeniyle hediyeye ve hediye satın
alma davranışlarına ilişkin teorik bir çerçeve oluşturulmuştur. Bu çerçevede,
geniş bir literatür araştırması neticesinde hediye vermenin temel işlevleri,
hediye verme davranışını etkileyen başlıca faktörler ve hediye satın almaya
ilişkin modellemeler ortaya konmuştur. Bu çalışmanın bu alana yönelik sonra
yapılacak çalışmalara öncülük etmesi ve kaynak oluşturması hedeflenmektedir.
Reklamlarda Metaforik Öğelerin Kullanımı: Kozmetik Reklamları Örneği
Authors: ÇAĞLAR Bilge
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmada
reklam ve diğer pazarlama iletişimi çalışmalarında mesajı hedef kitleyle
buluşturmak için sıklıkla başvurulan görsel metafor kavramı üzerine bir
araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın genel amacı, kozmetik
reklamlarında kullanılan görsel metaforlarda saklanan yan anlamların neler
olduğunu, bu anlamlama sürecinin hangi kodlarla oluşturularak hedef kitleye
aktarıldığını ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu anlamları ortaya çıkarmak için, Roland
Barhes’ın düz anlam/yan anlam ayrımından yola çıkılmış ve reklamda görsel
metafor literatürü incelenmiştir. Araştırmada model olarak kullanılan Phillips
ve McQuarrie (2004)’in 9 kategoriye ayırdığı basılı reklamlarda görsel
metaforlar tipolojisinden yararlanılmış, amaca yönelik örnekleme yöntemi ile
belirlenen dergi reklamları incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, reklamlarda metafor
kullanımına yönelik önceki çalışmalardan farklı olarak, görsel metafor türleri
arasındaki ilişkiler ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada, görsel
metafor içeren kozmetik reklamlarının altında yatan gizli, örtülü anlamları
açığa çıkarılmak amacıyla göstergebilimsel yöntemden yararlanılmıştır.
Security Understanding of a New Dimension in the Globalization Process and Environmental Effects
Authors: KAYPAK Şafak , YILMAZ Vedat
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study, to examine the
process of transformation began to occur in environmentally safe in the process
of globalization and is accordingly subject to environmental dimension of security
conception.  Starting point of the
investigation is the globalization, increase in population and technological developments
in the 21st century meanwhile the environment to be unsafe.
Depending on the process of rapid change in the world of today's living
conditions and needs are changing rapidly and new problems arise. One of the
most striking places of change is international areas where security is being
felt more It is understood that in parallel to globalization, security is also globalized,
and the country's boundaries are exceeded. The increasing problems of living
environment in expanding the scope of security, the need for environmental
security have emerged. In study, the perspectives that will serve the security
in the process of mutual interaction between security and environment and the
ways of reflecting to the environment are examined. Environmental values
​​and the idea that man has an integrated structure that cannot be separated
from each other will bring about being safe. In this context, the study
consists of five chapters. In the first part, globalization; In the second
part, security concepts will be introduced. In the third chapter, changing
security understanding will be explained. In the fourth chapter, environmental
security, which constitutes a new dimension in the process of globalization
will be mentioned. The final section includes results and evaluation.
Uzay Turizmine İlişkin Uluslararası Turizm Karikatürlerinin Göstergebilimsel Bir Analizi
Authors: CİVELEK Makbule , TÜRKAY Oğuz
Published: September 2019

Uzaya ulaşabilmek, farklı gezegenlerde hayat kurmak, gezegenler
arasında seyahat edebilmek, Ay’a gitmek geçmişten günümüze kadar insanların
hayalini kurduğu bir olgudur. Bu olgu doğrultusunda şekillenen turizm türü uzay
turizmidir. Uzay turizmi, uzay turisti olarak adlandırılan turistik
tüketicilerin temel uzay gözlemlerinden uzay eğitimlerine, sıfır yer çekimi
ortamından uzay uçuşlarına kadar geniş bir faaliyet alanı sunmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın
amacı geleceğin trendlerinden biri olacağı düşünülen uzay turizmine ilişkin
yaklaşımların tespit edilmesi ve genellenebilmesidir. Kişilerin uzay turizmini,
uzay otellerini nasıl yorumladığı, uzayda yapılabilecek faaliyetlere ilişkin
görüşlerinin ne yönde olduğu gibi çıkarımlar araştırmanın temel sorunudur.
Araştırma yöntemi olarak göstergebilimsel analizlerden yararlanılmıştır.
Saussure ve Barthes modellemelerine dayalı bir analiz yaklaşımının esas
alındığı araştırmada Sekizinci Uluslararası Turizm Karikatürleri Yarışması
Albümünde yer alan uzay turizmi karikatürleri örnekleme olarak belirlenmiştir.
Alanyazın incelendiğinde uzay turizmi ve göstergebilim etkileşimini ele alan araştırmalar
olmadığından yorumsayıcı bakış açısıyla bu boşluğun doldurulması
hedeflenmektedir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar derlendiğinde yarışmaya
katılan kişilerin uzay turizmi ile klasik turizm türleri arasında bir bağlantı
kurmaya çalıştıkları, klasik turizm türlerinin değerini kaybedeceği ve uzay
turizminin yaygın hale geleceği yönündedir. Uzay otelleri daha çok lüksü ve
konforu çağrıştırarak çizilmiştir. Uzay ulaşımı için çizilen karikatürlerin ana
teması ise uzay yolculuğunun sıradan bir olgu olacağı şeklindedir.
STUDI KARAKTERISTIK MATERIAL STEM SEPEDA UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN PROTOTIPE STEM SEPEDA BERBASIS LIMBAH PISTON DENGAN VARIASI TEMPERATUR CETAKAN
Authors: Suganda Cecep , Sutoyo Edi , Yuliaji Dwi
Published: October 2019

Bicycle stem is the link between handlebar (handlebar) with steerer tube (fork). Stem one of the bike parts to
note and Each type of bike is different for the size and specifications stemnya. This research aims to. Obtained
characterization of alumunium casting material as a material for making stem bikes with casting temperature of
700 ° C, and temperature variations of room temperature (30 ° C), 100 ° C, 150 ° C, 200 ° C, and characteristic
hardness values stem between piston waste material and stem. The piston waste is melted at the melting
furnace at a temperature of 700 ° C. then cast into the mold. After obtaining the specimen and then testing the
material characteristics include chemical composition, microstructure, and hardness. The result of the research
after casting with variation of the molded temperture has different material characteristic values, ie: chemical
composition which has no change before and after casting, the microt structure has little porous defect, and the
hardness value where the higher the mold temperature the lower the hardness . Conclusions of data processing
The highest value of piston recycled hardness is 93 HV when compared to the hardness of 61.2 HV stem bike
material, the hardness is more than enough and from the composition test there is a difference of Si 12%
composition. Result of micro structure at foundry with 4 variation still have defect of cast (porous and
shrinkage). the stam bike hardness test has an average hardness value of 64.2 HV whereas for the hardness
value of piston waste casting results show the hardness value of 91 HV with mold temperature 30 ° C, 93 HV
with mold temperture 100 ° C, 89 HV with mold temperature 150 ° C, 87 HV with mold temperature 200 ° C. The
higher the mold temperature, the lower the hardness of the material.
DESAIN DAN UJI EKSPERIMENTAL EVAPORATOR PADA ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE
Authors: Sobar Ade , Gaos Yogi Sirodz , Alkindi Hablinur
Published: October 2019

Penelitian desain dan uji eksperimental evaporator pada organic rankine cycle telah dilakukan. Metode uji dilakukan berdasarkan pada perpindahan panas yang terjadi pada evaporator sistem ORC. Material tube yang digunakan adalah SA 304 dengan diameter luar tube 10mm, diameter dalam tube 7,11mm, panjang tube 1000 mm, jumlah tube 158 dengan susunan tube segi tiga, pitch tube 13 mm, dan diameter shell 200 mm, jumlah baffle 4. Dari hasil perhitungan yang dilakukan diperoleh perpindahan panas hasil pengujian sebesar 1,07 kW sedangkan perpindahan panas hasil desain sebesar 5,05 kW atau baru tercapai 21,19% perpindahan dari desain. 
ANALISA INPUT NOZZLE SILINDER AIR ENGINE MENGGUNAKAN SIMULASI CFD BERDASARKAN VARIASI TEKANAN
Authors: Turmudi Turmudi , Sumadi Sumadi , Sutoyo Edi
Published: October 2019

Silinder udara (Air cylinder) adalah salah satu komponen utama pada sistem pneumatik, dimana tenaga udara bertekanan digunakan untuk mengadakan pergerakan linier atau rotasi.  Nozzle input merupakan bagian yang terpenting dari air cylinder. Untuk memperoleh nozzle yang optimum maka perlu adanya penelitian.  Dalam penelitian ini, air cylinder pada sistem pneumatik menggunakan engine motor 2 tak dari “Yamaha Force One”. Busi yang semula berfungsi untuk memercikkan bunga api di dalam ruang bakar diganti dengan nozzle.  Nozzle yang digunakan adalah berbentuk convergent-divergent nozzle (C-D Nozzel).  Nozzle convergent-divergent ini terbuat dari bahan material baja SKD 11/AISI tipe A2 tool steel, dengan panjang nozzle 62 mm yang terdiri dari 3 bagian utama yakni bagian inlet, throatle, dan outlet.  Pada bagian inlet dengan panjang 22 mm, bagian throatle dengan panjang 20 mm dan bagian outlet dengan panjang 20 mm  serta diameter  dari  masing-masing  bagian  tersebut  adalah  diameter inlet 10 mm, diameter throatle 6 mm dan diameter outlet 12 mm. Hasil perhitungan secara teoritis dan simulasi CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) dengan variasi tekanan inlet dan variasi diameter outlet, maka dapat diperoleh hasil bahwa bentuk nozzle convergent-divergent dengan  diameter outlet 12  mm  merupakan  bentuk  nozzle  paling  optimum berdasarkan gaya dorong pada keluaran nozzle.
An Analysis of Patients With Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Transported by a Physician-Staffed Helicopter
Authors: Nagasawa iroki , Yanagawa Youichi
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE: We retrospectively investigated a series of patients with carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning transported by a physician-staffed helicopter (DH) to seek evidence supporting the daily management of patients with CO poisoning. STUDY DESIGN: Subjects were divided into two groups: the carboxyhemoglobin saturation (SpCO) (+) group, which included patients who had a pulse CO-oximeter attached during transportation; and the SpCO (-) group, which included all other patients. We compared the level of SpCO before and after transportation when the level was noted. RESULTS: The subjects were predominantly middle-aged and male. Seventeen subjects (53.1%) received a diagnosis of CO poisoning based on the situation in which the subjects were found, without the carboxyhemoglobin level being measured. No subjects show deterioration of their condition after transportation, and none ultimately died. The frequency of male gender, normobaric oxygen treatment and return to the base hospital in the SpCO (+) group was significantly greater than in the SpCO (-) group. The SpCO levels after transportation were significantly lower than they had been before transportation. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to show the results of the analysis of patients with CO poisoning transported by the DH. All patients with CO poisoning were safely transported.
Pelatihan Penulisan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas pada Guru di Lingkungan Muhammadiyah Boarding School Ki Bagus Hadikusumo
Authors: Koesmawan M , Sestri Elliya , Mardika Isnan Hari
Published: September 2019

Writing scientific papers is a very important activity for a professional teacher. This activity not only needs to be done in order to obtain credit figures for promotion or for the purposes of certification through portfolios, but moreover, it needs to be done in order to improve the quality of classroom management, quality of service to students, and also increase the professionalism of the teacher himself. The results of the overall community service activity can be seen based on the following components. First, the target of the training participants or target audience is 36 Muhammadiyah Boarding Schools (MBS) Ki Bagus Hadikusumo. In the implementation of this activity, it was attended by 22 teachers because there were several teachers who had activities outside of school. Thus the target number of training participants is 61.1% or can be considered quite good. Secondly, the achievement of training objectives can be judged to be poor. Within a period of two weeks as many as 9 teachers (40.9%) had tried to prepare a proposal
Pendampingan Pembuatan Krim Bawang Dayak Khas Kalteng sebagai Anti Acne di SMK Farmasi Muhammadiyah Palangka Raya
Authors: Ardhany Syahrida Dian , Novaryatiin Susi
Published: September 2019

Bawang dayak is a typical plant of Central Kalimantan in a study can be used as an antiacne agent, but unfortunately the knowledge and utilization of this medicinal plant is still minimal, in addition, the lack of interest of young generation in learning the knowledge of traditional medicine and development of natural materials can make this traditional heritage gradually become extinct. The method of increasing the knowledge provided was giving material and video demonstration on the making of anti-acne cream of bawang dayak which was analyzed from the results of the pretest and posttest. From the results, it can be concluded that there is an increase in knowledge of students about bawang dayak as antiacne (P=0.002 < 0.05).
Pelatihan Teknik Permainan Konsentrasi pada Guru Sekolah Dasar Muhammadiyah Pahandut Palangka Raya
Authors: Misyanto Misyanto , Riadin Agung , Usop Dwi Sari
Published: September 2019

Concentration is an important aspect of mastering the material. Especially for students in elementary school. The age that is still very young, active, and enjoying to play, will have difficulty in understanding the subject material when they lack concentration. Understanding lessons at school experiences ease when combined with the game. The concentration game technique training for Muhammadiyah Elementary School teachers in Palangka Raya aims to develop knowledge and skills for teachers to combine games with lessons so that they can produce meaningful learning.
Hardware Dynamic Memory Manager for Hard Real-Time Systems
Authors: Kohútka Lukáš , Nagy Lukáš , Stopjaková Viera
Published: October 2019

This paper presents novel hardware architecture of dynamic memory manager providing memory allocation and deallocation operations that are suitable for hard real-time and safety-critical systems due to very high determinism of these operations. The proposed memory manager implements Worst-Fit algorithm for selection of suitable free block of memory that can be used by the external environment, e.g. CPU. The deterministic timing of the memory allocation and deallocation operations is essential for hard real-time systems. The proposed memory manager performs these operations in nearly constant time thanks to the adoption of hardware-accelerated max queue, which is a data structure that continuously provides the largest free block of memory in two clock cycles regardless of actual number or constellation of existing free blocks of memory. In order to minimize the overhead caused by implementing the memory management in hardware, the max queue was optimized by developing a new sorting architecture, called Rocket-Queue. The Rocket-Queue architecture as well as the whole memory manager is described in this paper in detail. The memory manager and the Rocket-Queue architecture were verified using simplified version of UVM and applying billions of randomly generated instructions as testing inputs. The Rocket-Queue architecture was synthesized into Intel FPGA Cyclone V with 100 MHz clock frequency and the results show that it consumes from 17,06% to 38,67% less LUTs than the existing architecture, called Systolic Array. The memory manager implemented in a form of a coprocessor that provides four custom instructions was synthesized into 28nm TSMC HPM technology with 1 GHz clock frequency and 0.9V power supply. The ASIC synthesis results show that the Rocket-Queue based memory manager can occupy up to 24,59% smaller chip area than the Systolic Array based manager. In terms of total power consumption, the Rocket-Queue based memory manager consumes from 15,16% to 42,95% less power.
Solving species quandary: why awareness programs are pivotal in snake conservation
Authors: Roshnath Ramesh
Published: October 2019

Snakes are feared but largely misunderstood by the public. In India, a country with ancient cultures and traditions, snakes were historically worshiped and their habitats were protected as sacred. However, over time these values have shifted to non-conservative approaches, even with people killing snakes on encountering them. This attitudinal change is an indication of knowledge erosion. A closed-ended survey was conducted for 300 randomly selected people in Kerala, India in the age range of 21-55 years to discern their skills in identifying common snake species, and evaluate their attitudes and knowledge about the importance of snakes in the environment. The study showed a lack of knowledge among the responders regarding snakes. Common snakes were not familiar, venomous and non-venomous snakes were mis-classified, and a lack of knowledge about post-bite treatment was observed. Therefore, there is an urgent need for planned conservation education and awareness programmes to build a snake-friendly society. A better understanding of snakes will supplement conservation in the future, and can minimise human-snake conflicts.
An assessment of funding and publication rates in Herpetology
Authors: Ferronato Bruno
Published: October 2019

Currently, herpetofauna worldwide is facing enormous threats; the number of threatened species is increasing at an alarming rate and many species have gone extinct. Despite efforts of institutions and researchers to understand and address the causes of declines and raise awareness of herpetofauna conservation, there has been no systematic study to evaluate the allocation of funding for basic and applied research relevant to conservation, relative publication rates, and the relationship of these measures to a degree of threat among herpetological groups. This study addresses this gap and identifies strengths and weaknesses of herpetological research and conservation over the last 10 years (2008-2018). Frogs had the highest grant-publication index (1384), followed by lizards (695), turtles (678), snakes (461.5), salamanders (366.5), crocodiles (164), caecilians (25.5), worm lizards (23) and tuatara (10). Nonetheless, when the grant-publication index is divided by the number of threatened and data-deficient species within each group, it demonstrates that, proportionally and in ascending order, salamanders, snakes, lizards, worm lizards, frogs and caecilians are in most need of knowledge and on-going funding for their conservation and survival. I was able to document a continued shift in attention in herpetological research owing to the emergence of chytridiomycosis and the global decline of amphibians. Despite some caveats, these findings should represent a proxy for the allocation of research and conservation effort on herpetofauna worldwide. I suggest priorities for research and how to better direct efforts to herpetofauna conservation.
Groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation usages in Kazipur upazila under Sirajganj district of Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Md Zasim , Rahman Md Arifur , Ahmed Istiaq , Mohiuddin KM
Published: October 2019

Groundwater is one of the most important natural resources which plays a vital role for drinking and irrigation usages. Evaluation of groundwater quality determines its suitability for different purposes. An investigation was carried out to evaluate the quality of groundwater for irrigation and drinking usages based on the various water quality parameters. Groundwater samples were collected from forty different sites of Kazipur upazila under the district of Sirajganj during the periods from January 20 to January 28, 2018 maintaining the distance between each of two sites as more than one kilometer. Different physiochemical parameters including pH, EC, TDS, Ca²+, Mg²+, K+, Na+, Mn²+, Fe²+, CO3²ˉ, HCO3ˉ, Clˉ, SO4²ˉ and PO4³ˉ contents were analyzed. The pH values of the groundwater samples were non-problematic for irrigation as well as drinking purposes. The obtained electrical conductivity values of the samples were within the limit of 150.0 to 754.0 µS cm-1. The samples of four sites i.e., Noapara, Meghai bazar, Salabora and Drigidrota were categorized as low salinity and the rests as medium salinity, with low alkalinity hazards. Total dissolved solids varied from 65.0 to 309.0 mg L-1 which categorized the samples as freshwater and non-problematic. All the samples were identified as excellent class based on sodium adsorption ratio (range: 0.12 ~ 0.66). Based on soluble sodium percentages, 97.5% of the samples were classified as excellent. Residual sodium carbonate values (–8.60 ~ –1.68) of the samples were suitable for irrigation. Permeability index (range: 14.78 ~ 49.73) categorized half portion of the samples as class-II and remaining as class-I which implied the samples as suitable for irrigation usages. About 10% of samples were medium hard, 70% were hard and rests were very hard in quality. Fe2+ content ranged from 0.23 to 21.75 mg L-1 with a mean value of 5.29 mg L-1. The detected Fe2+ content of 14 water samples was above the permissible limit. Mn2+ concentration (1.58 mg L-1) was considered as hazardous for long-term irrigation purpose in most of the samples because of exceeding the recommended limit (0.20 mg L-1). As per K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3ˉ, Clˉ, SO42ˉ and PO43ˉ status, all the samples can safely be used for irrigation and drinking purposes. The assessment showed high levels of Fe2+ and Mn2+ in groundwater samples that are responsible to make the groundwater unsafe for irrigation and drinking purposes.
J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(3): 309–318, 2019
Preparation and sensory evaluation of functional drink based on papaya (Carica papaya L.) pulp
Authors: Dev Nobel , Hossain Md. Sajjad , Iqbal Abdullah
Published: October 2019

This research was aimed to develop functional drink based on foam-mat drying of papaya. Papaya pulp was foamed by the addition of 10, 15 and 20% egg white (w/w). Foamed papaya slurry was dried by using hot air at 60 0C for 5 hours. Drying yield and protein content of dried powder increased with the increase of egg white. Vitamin C decreased in powder due to heat degradation. Higher foam thickness resulted in longer drying time. Drying time of foamed pulp was much lower than the non-foamed pulp. Moisture content, reconstitution and water holding capacity of foam-mat dried powder were in the range of 3.27-3.93%, 82.43-83.53% and 5.23-5.93 g/g, respectively. Functional drinks were formulated by dry blending of foam-mat dried papaya powder and other ingredients at the ratio of 6:4, 5:5 and 4:6 (w/w) of foam-mat dried papaya powder and skim milk. Different ratio of foam-mat dried papaya and skim milk powder affected the physicochemical properties (moisture content, reconstitution rate, and water holding capacity) and sensory properties (color, viscosity, flavor and taste) of the product. The reconstituted drink at a ratio of 4:6 of foam-mat dried papaya powder and skim milk retained the best sensory properties.
J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(3): 388–395, 2019
Effect of Shrimp Processing Waste Feed on the Growth Performance of Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in Aquarium and Pond Condition
Authors: Shikha FH , Hossain MI , Sharma AD
Published: October 2019

The study was conducted to assess the effect of formulated feed on the growth performance of prawn both in aquarium and pond system during 25 September to 25 December 2013. The feeds/diets were, diet 1 (formulated feed), diet 2 (commercial feed), diet 3 (custard cake) and diet 4 (shuji-ata ball). Protein percent of the feeds were 34.51% in Diet-1, 32.67% in Diet-2, 25.41% in Diet-3 and 21.43% in Diet 4. Four experimental diets were assigned to four treatments viz. T1, T2, T3 and T4 both in aquarium and pond. The water quality parameters were monitored 15 days interval and the ranges were: temperature 26°C to 29.8°C (aquarium system) and 24.5°C to 29.9°C (pond system) ; pH 7.07 to 8.09 (aquarium system) and 7.87 to 8.45 (pond system); DO 7.07 to 8.09 (aquarium system) and 5.08 to 5.86 mg/L (pond system). The result of the present study showed that Prawn feed Diet 1 and Diet 2 resulted highest weight gain 2.42 and 2.39 g (aquarium system) and 3.63 and 3.5g (pond system), respectively. Based on the result of present study, it could be suggested that shrimp waste can be replaced in the diets of prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) along with other ingredients.

J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 11(1-2): 59-71 2018
Comparative Study on Farm Materials and Quality Parameters of Pangus (Pangasianodon hypophthalamus) of Different Farms in Trishal Area
Authors: Hossain MI , Shikha FH , Chakrabarty T
Published: October 2019

The present study was conducted to carry out a comparative study on farm materials (water, soil, feed) and the quality parameters of pangus (Pangasianodon hypophthalamus) of five different farms in Trishal area under Mymensingh district. The study was carried out during May-June, 2016. Most of the pangus farmers used homemade or farm made supplementary feeds for pangus culture The percent moisture, protein, lipid and ash content in fresh fish ranged from 77.05 to 78.79, 14.21 to14.84, 3.55 to 4.49 and 2.03 to 2.67 whereas after 24 hrs of death of fishes, these percent values changed as 77.05 to 78.79, 14.21 to14.84, 3.55 to 4.49 and 2.03 to 2.67. Slight changes observed in different quality parameters in the fish samples 24 hrs after death as dead fishes were preserved at chilling temperature in a homestead refrigerator till analysis. Therefore, the study could be concluded that- though the values for different parameters of farm materials (water, soil, feed) and quality parameters of fish samples differed but was mostly not significant. The differences observed in the parameters might be due to the variations in management techniques of each farm.

J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 11(1-2): 109-119 2018
Assessment of Spatio-Temporal Changes of Land Use in Tangail Municipality Using GIS
Authors: Mamun SA , Runa HA , Hoque MMM , Sheikh S , Arif RH
Published: October 2019

Tangail district has undergone dramatic changes in its physical form through urbanization. Here, agricultural land and vegetation cover have been transformed into built-up areas; fallow land and water bodies into reclaimed built-up areas. The aim of this research was to develop land use and land cover (LULC) maps of the Tangail Municipality area in 2001, 2011 and 2017. Landsat (TM) Satellite images of the year 2001, 2011, and 2017 were used. On-screen digitization method was applied to prepare the final maps with four classes (water bodies, vegetation, agricultural land, and settlement area) of land use. The study reveals that the settlement area was increasing over the study period, and mainly agricultural land and water body were converted into settlement. It was found that about 48.73% areas were covered with the settlement area in 2017. Similarly, a substantial increase was seen in the areas of vegetation as about 824.49 ha land added to this category throughout the study years. In contrast, the agricultural land (786.30 ha) and water body (114.73 ha) were declined between 2001 and 2017.

J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 11(1-2): 245-252 2018
IMPLEMENTASI PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA DI KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI UTARA PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Tumija Tumija , Julianti Riska
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT

This study aims to describe the implementation and administration in the management of the Village Fund fiscal year 2016, along with the a limiting factor in the management and government’s efforts to overcome these obstacles. This research was conducted at the Community Empowerment Body and village authorities who have changed to the Department of Community Empowerment and Village (DPMD) and take six villages as samples in Hulu Sungai Utara, namely Cempaka, Kalintamui, Galagah Hulu, Kandang Halang, Pangkalan Sari and Benua Hanyar. This research uses descriptive qualitative method with inductive approach. Data collection techniques obtained by carrying out observations, interviews and documentation. While the data analysis techniques that are redaction Data reduction, Data display, Conclusion drawing. The results showed that the implementation and Administration of Village Funds in North Hulu Sungai Regency in principle have been done based on Regulation of Regent of Hulu Sungai Utara number 11 year 2016, specially on three sample villages of Cempaka Village, Kalintamui Village and Galagah Hulu Village. Owever, in the other three villages of Kandang Halang Village, Pangkalan Sari Village and Benua Hanyar Village, relatively not all work is done with an orderly administration. While on the implementation factor, communication and bureaucratic structure is relatively appropriate in Cempaka Village, Kalintamui Village and Galagah Hulu Village, but still relatively not suitable at Benua Hanyar Village, Kandang Halang Village and Pangkalan Sari Village. Fund resources are sufficient but in terms of quality and quantity still need to be optimized. While the disposition, the manager is very supportive with the Village Fund but need to be more carefully considered in the appointment of bureaucrats.

Keywords: implementation, management, village fund.
What is Television ? (Re) Defining the medium
Authors: C-Scott Marc
Published: October 2019

This paper will discuss the difficulties that have and will continue in defining the medium of television. The term has for many years been used to describe an entertainment medium which is part of the mass media landscape. It was first discussed, in the context of the medium of television, in a paper presented by Constantin Perskyi, at the International Electricity Congress during 1900. Almost thirty years later, as television broadcast tests commenced in Britain, the United States and Australia, there was still confusion and debate as to whether television was the correct term to use for the new medium.The contemporary misconception of defining television is made evident when its definition is reviewed within dictionaries, which consists of multiple definitions. This multipurpose approach and the new media landscape, which includes streaming and video-on-demand, has only created greater confusion. The evolution of television as a platform, institution and popular cultural has historically created difficulties in defining television. The increase of media convergence will exacerbate the difficulty in answering, what is television?
Periodic Behaviour of Mean Velocity Fields in Rushton Turbine (RT) Driven Stirred Tank
Authors: Iyer Devarajan Krishna , Patel Ajey Kumar
Published: September 2019

The present study predicts the periodic behavior of mean velocity fields from the properly verified and validated CFD model to determine the extent of vortex and turbulent activity in a baffled tank stirred by standard six bladed Rushton Turbine. This region includes most of the vortex and turbulent action that controls the mixing and mass transfer processes in the stirred tank. The complexity of periodicity of mean radial and tangential velocities in the radial direction and mean axial velocity in the axial direction is used to fix the proper radial as well as axial extents of the vortex generated by RT. The extent of flow periodicity in the present stirred tank configuration is confined within a cylindrical region around the impeller of radius 0.753 times the impeller diameter and a height of 0.323 times the impeller diameter above and below the impeller center plane.
Double-Diffusive Natural Convective Flow of a Nanofluid past an Inclined Wavy Plate in a Non-Darcy Porous Medium
Authors: Rao Chukka Venkata , Ramreddy Chitteti
Published: September 2019

In this paper, the double-diffusive convective flow along an inclined semi-infinite wavy plate in a nanofluid saturated non-Darcy porous medium is investigated numerically. Following Prandtl’s transposition theorem, a coordinate transformation is used to transform the irregular wavy surface into a smooth surface. The convective type thermal boundary condition is taken into account and also the Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects are considered into the present nanofluid model. The governing transport equations are initially reshaped into a system of coupled ordinary differential equations by choosing suitable similarity transformations and then solved numerically by using the Spectral Local Linearization Method (SLLM). The effects of various flow influenced parameters on the fluid flow, heat and mass transfer characteristics are explored and exhibited graphically.
Forced Convection through Discrete Heat Sources and Simple Thermal Model – A Numerical Study
Authors: Hasavimath Kartikaswami , Naik Kishan , Kotresha Banjara , Gnanasekaran N.
Published: September 2019

In this work a forced convection through discrete heat sources and simple thermal model placed inside the vertical channel is analyzed numerically. The problem considered for the investigation comprises of a vertical channel with distinct heat source assembly located at the center of the channel. The novelty of the present work is to replace the discrete heat source assembly by a simple thermal model to obtain uniformly distributed temperature and streamlines. A conjugate heat transfer investigation is carried out because the problem domain consists of aluminum solid strips as well as Bakelite strips in discrete heat source assembly which are replaced by a aluminum solid in case of simple thermal model. The numerically obtained data are initially compared with experimental data for the purpose of validation. The temperature of each discrete sources decrease with increase in inlet velocity of the fluid and bottom heat source is able to take higher heat load. The results in terms excess temperature obtained for both discrete heat source and simple thermal model is presented and discussed.
Adaptive Matching of the Radar Signal and Image Display Device Dynamic Ranges
Authors: Garmash Vitaliy , Petrov Yuriy , Andreev Andrey , Zaitsev Anatoly
Published: September 2019

This article presents nonlinear radar signal processing method to form an image of the Earth's surface. The method proposes to match the dynamic ranges of the received signal and of the visualization device. The essence of the method is adaptive nonlinear signal processing, which provides better local contrast of radar images and improves discrimination of individual objects. The computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is optimized and allows real-time implementation in the airborne computing systems with limited computational power. Objects with large RCS merged into large illuminated "spots"; their visibility on the surrounding background has been reduced, unwanted effects are due to the fact that the above algorithms have a single point effect. To overcome the problems, the «Retinex» algorithm is usually used. They do not take into account the local neighborhood of pixels; therefore, in cases where the image contains both highly dark and strongly light local areas, these algorithms cannot provide high-quality matching of dynamic ranges.
Quintic B-Spline Technique for Numerical Treatment of Third Order Singular Perturbed Delay Differential Equation
Authors: Vaid Mandeep Kaur , Arora Geeta
Published: September 2019

In this paper, a class of third order singularly perturbed delay differential equation with large delay is considered for numerical treatment. The considered equation has discontinuous convection-diffusion coefficient and source term. A quintic trigonometric B-spline collocation technique is used for numerical simulation of the considered singularly perturbed delay differential equation by dividing the domain into the uniform mesh. Further, uniform convergence of the solution is discussed by using the concept of Hall error estimation and the method is found to be of first-order convergent. The existence of the solution is also established. Computation work is carried out to validate the theoretical results.
A Mathematical Model to Solve the Burgers-Huxley Equation by using New Homotopy Perturbation Method
Authors: Maurya Dinesh Kumar , Singh Ravendra , Rajoria Yogendra Kumar
Published: September 2019

A semi-analytical method has been planned for the precise solution of the differential equation established on the New Homotopy Perturbation Method (NHPM), and to develop a generalized Burger-Huxley (BH) equation, in this paper. By employing NHPM, two case studies show the precise solution of the BH equation. It is shown that the NHPM is yield solution is convergent from with the easy computability term; NHPM is an effective and easy tool for cracking many real world difficulties. The three-dimension and two dimension graphical solutions of the BH equations are also provided to validate the mathematical models. MATLAB software is used to calculate the series obtained from HPM.
ANFIS based Machine Repair Model with Control Policies and Working Vacation
Authors: Sethi Rachita , Bhagat Amita , Garg Deepika
Published: September 2019

This study is concerned with the transient state analysis of M/M/1 machine repairable system consisting of M operating units. F-policy is quite useful to avoid the overloading of failed machines that arrive for repair in the system. The failed machines are repaired by a server that is susceptible to failure and follows the threshold recovery while being repaired. The server leaves for a vacation if there are no machines waiting in the system for the repair. Runge-Kutta method is implemented to solve the governing equations and evaluate the system's state probabilities. Cost function is also designed to determine the system’s minimum cost. In addition, the numerical outcomes acquired by the Runge-Kutta method are compared with the results generated by adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS).
Assessing Urban Livability through Residential Preference—An International Survey
Authors: Kovacs-Györi Anna , Cabrera-Barona Pablo
Published: October 2019

Livability is a popular term for describing the satisfaction of residents with living in a city. The assessment of livability can be of high relevance for urban planning; however, existing assessment methods have various limitations, especially in terms of transferability. In our main research article, we developed a conceptual framework and an assessment workflow to provide a transferable way of assessing livability, also considering intra-urban differences of the identified livability assessment factors to use for further geospatial analysis. As a key part of this assessment, we developed a survey to investigate residential preference and satisfaction concerning different urban factors. The current Data Descriptor introduces the questionnaire we used, the distribution of the responses, and the most important findings for the socioeconomic and demographic parameters influencing urban livability. We found that the development of an area, the number of persons in the household, and the income level are significant circumstances in assessing how satisfied a person would be with living in a given city.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Superspreading of Surfactant-Laden Droplets. A Review
Authors: Theodorakis Panagiotis E. , Smith Edward R. , Craster Richard V. , Müller Erich A. , Matar Omar K.
Published: October 2019

Superspreading is the rapid and complete spreading of surfactant-laden droplets on hydrophobic substrates. This phenomenon has been studied for many decades by experiment, theory, and simulation, but it has been only recently that molecular-level simulation has provided significant insights into the underlying mechanisms of superspreading thanks to the development of accurate force-fields and the increase of computational capabilities. Here, we review the main advances in this area that have surfaced from Molecular Dynamics simulation of all-atom and coarse-grained models highlighting and contrasting the main results and discussing various elements of the proposed mechanisms for superspreading. We anticipate that this review will stimulate further research on the interpretation of experimental results and the design of surfactants for applications requiring efficient spreading, such as coating technology.
Comparing Inpatient Complication Rates between Octogenarians and Nonagenarians Following Primary and Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty in a Nationally Representative Sample 2010–2014
Authors: Dugdale Evan M , Tybor David , Kain Michael , Smith Eric L
Published: October 2019

We compared inpatient postoperative complication rates between octogenarians and nonagenarians undergoing primary and revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). We used inpatient admission data from 2010–2014 from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). We compared the rates at which nonagenarians and octogenarians developed each complication in the inpatient setting following both primary THA (PTHA) and revision THA (RTHA). A total of 40,944 inpatient admissions were included in our study which extrapolates to a national estimate of 199,793 patients. A total of 185,799 (93%) were octogenarians and 13,994 (7%) were nonagenarians. PTHA was performed on 155,669 (78%) and RTHA was performed on 44,124 (22%) of the patients. Nonagenarians undergoing PTHA required transfusions significantly more frequently (33.13% v. 24.0%, p < 0.001) and developed urinary tract infection (5.14% v. 3.92%, p = 0.012) and acute kidney injury (5.50% v. 3.57%, p < 0.001) significantly more frequently than octogenarians. Nonagenarians undergoing RTHA required transfusions significantly more frequently (51.43% v. 41.46%, p < 0.001) and developed urinary tract infection (19.66% v. 11.73%, p < 0.001), acute kidney injury (13.8% v. 9.66%, p < 0.001), pulmonary embolism (1.24% v. 0.67%, p = 0.031), postoperative infection (1.89% v. 1.11%, p = 0.023), sepsis (3.59% v. 2.43%, p = 0.021) and other postoperative shock (1.76% v. 1.06%, p = 0.036) significantly more frequently than octogenarians. Nonagenarians undergoing RTHA also had a significantly higher inpatient mortality rate (3.28% v. 1.43%, p < 0.001) than octogenarians. Orthopedic surgeons and primary care providers can use these findings to help counsel both their octogenarian and nonagenarian patients preoperatively when considering THA. Our analysis can help these patients better understand expected inpatient complication rates and assist them in deciding whether to pursue surgical intervention when applicable.