bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVOLUTION OF CONTRACEPTIVE IMPLANTS: A REVIEW
Authors: Wathoni Nasrul , Alfauziah Tazyinul Qoriah , Rantika Nopi
Published: November 2018

Oral contraceptives are widely used hormonal contraceptives compared to other dosage forms. There are modifications of hormonal contraceptives dosage forms to reduce side effects and improve effectivity and compliance during contraceptive usage. The implantable drug delivery system is a suitable contraception technique for women who are difficult to recall the time of use, such as pills. The contraceptive implant is a small size of rod, and it is placed in the upper arm subcutaneously. Many advantages by using contraceptive implants, such as high effectivity, easy to use, free from estrogen influences, fast recovery of the normal ovulatory cycle, safe for breastfeeding women, and safer for women that have the certain medical condition. However, implant removal procedures are becoming the problem because it requires trained personnel. The unscheduled period is also one of the disadvantages of implants. Although for most women, the implant could reduce blood loss when the period, for some cases it could prolong the period of time. In this article, we reviewed implant contraceptives development due to its application increased rapidly in the last decade. The history of implants, advantages, and disadvantages, and marketed products of the implant were also described in this article. The challenges and opportunities of the contraceptive implant development were summarized based on literature. Designing in situ forming implant and polymeric implant for contraception could be the great future in contraceptive implant development. Finally, contraceptive implants are promising hormonal contraception dosage forms to develop in unintended pregnancies prevention over the world.
PHYTOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING HYGROPHILA AURICULATA LEAF EXTRACT AND ASSESSMENT OF THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES
Authors: S. Bharathi , Kumaran S. , Suresh G. , Ramesh B. , Sundari M.s. Nalina
Published: November 2018

Objective: In this study, the phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using leaf extracts of Hygrophila auriculata (HA) and their biological activities was investigated.Methods: The synthesis of AgNPs was done by using the green synthetic method and analyzed by UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and further characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The antibacterial activity of HA AgNPs was studied by agar well diffusion method and micro broth dilution method for determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The antioxidant potentials of HA AgNPs were detected by Diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging assay (DPPH), Phosphomolybdenum assay, reducing power assay.Results: The prepared HA AgNPs showed characteristic absorption peak at 420 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. FTIR spectra had shown that the biomolecules present in leaf extract were responsible for the reduction and capping material of silver nanoparticles. XRD study showed the particles found to be crystalline in nature, with a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure. TEM and DLS results revealed that the AgNPs were mostly spherical with an average size ranging from ~15-115 nm with a mean diameter of 40.96 nm. The HA AgNPs showed good antibacterial activity and MIC against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Bacillus cereus (NCIM 2106), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739). In agar well diffusion method, the maximum zone of inhibition was found against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027) with 18 mm and minimum zone of inhibition was found to be against Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739) with 13 mm. The MIC of the HA AgNp was found to be 5µg against all the test organisms. In addition, the Diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging assay (DPPH), Phosphomolybdenum assay, reducing power assay revealed they can be used as the potential scavenger against deleterious damages caused by the free radicals.Conclusion: The present study explored that Hygrophila auriculata which are efficient producers of AgNPs and could act as safe and cost-effective with potential antibacterial and antioxidant activities. These findings encourage studying HA AgNP further for their potential biological applications.
MESOPOROUS SILICA PARTICLES FOR DERMAL DRUG DELIVERY: A REVIEW
Authors: Sanjay C H Sai , Ghate Vivek , Lewis Shaila A.
Published: November 2018

Mesoporous silica particles (MSP) have been reported to be applicable in diverse situations pertaining to the delivery of several drug molecules. MSP have established themselves in treating diseases with oral, dermal and parenteral modes of administration. Recently, dermal delivery using MSP have gained a considerable amount of interest owing to the increase in drug stability, permeation and ease of functionalization. MSP, in general, have a very high capability of delivering actives ranging from small molecules like drugs and amino acids to larger peptides, vaccines and antibodies. The applicability of MSP in achieving desired cosmetic and health-related outcomes depends on the careful tuning of their pore size, surface area, shape and overall physicochemical properties. This review provides comprehensive details of the recent developments in the fabrication of MSP, their characteristic features and, applications in dermal drug delivery. Studies on establishing the safety profile of MSP have also been summarized in the review.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EDIBLE OIL NANOEMULSIONS FOR ENHANCED STABILITY AND ORAL DELIVERY OF CURCUMIN
Authors: Franklyne Jonathan Sampath , Nadarajan Abinaya , Ebenazer Andrew , Tiwari Nisha , Mukherjee Amitava , Chandrasekaran Natrajan
Published: November 2018

Objective: This work aims to improve the oral bioavailability and long-term aqueous stability of curcumin using various edible oil nanoemulsions (NEs).Methods: NEs were optimized using the water titration method. Curcumin was loaded into optimized emulsions, and the physicochemical characteristics were determined. Long-term stability of curcumin in the edible oil NEs was analyzed by determining the droplet size, PDI and curcumin concentrations over 4 mo. Release of curcumin from the NEs was determined using a Franz diffusion apparatus and analysed using 5 mathematical models.Results: The absorbance of curcumin was linear over the concentration range of 1 to 10 μg. ml-1. The LOD and LOQ ranged from 0.57 to 1.26μg. ml-1 and 1.89 to 4.19μg. ml-1 respectively. All the NEs were monodisperse and had a droplet size less than 150 nm. Long-term emulsion stability shows no change in droplet size and PI (Dunnett's multiple comparisons test with a confidence interval of 95%). Olive oil NE showed significantly low release in gastric fluid (9.28%) with a good release (92.99%) in intestinal fluid and 48% in a body fluid by 8 h.Conclusion: The work highlights the use of olive oil NEs as a delivery vehicle for curcumin with excellent release characteristics and the ability to protect curcumin in an aqueous environment.
VITAMIN D IMPACT ON HUMAN HEALTH AND ITS RELATION WITH SEVERAL DISEASES
Authors: Al-shahwan Moayad , Gacem Sabrina Ait , Shamseddin Shahd , Sammour Marwa
Published: November 2018

Vitamins are organic nutrients and substances that are needed for many biochemical functions. They are one of the six essential elements required for human life. Vitamin D is also known among the public as the Sunshine vitamin, as it is produced internally within the human body when exposed to sunlight and it is well known that the big majority of United Arab Emirates (UAE) population suffer from its deficiency.They are usually not found inside the body and therefore must be eaten from food or taken by supplements. Vitamin D that is obtained from diet or body synthesis when it is exposed to sufficient sunlight is biologically inactive without the enzymatic activation that converts it into its active form in the liver and kidney.Deficiency of vitamin D could lead to many troubling diseases such as depression including seasonal affective disorder, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Arthritis (gout, osteoarthritis, tendonitis), Osteoporosis, gum and teeth diseases, obesity, diabetes, heart diseases, metabolic syndromes, immunity related diseases (sclerosis, erythematosis), and cancer, which will be discussed in this review. The main objective of the current review is to evaluate the associations of vitamin D with the diverse health outcomes according to the latest studies done so far.
EFFECTS OF FORMULATION PARAMETERS ON PROPERTIES OF GASTRIC FLOATING TABLETS CONTAINING POORLY SOLUBLE DRUG: DICLOFENAC SODIUM
Authors: Kim Sitha , Limpongsa Ekapol , Jaipakdee Napaphak
Published: November 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to prepare and investigate the effects of formulation parameters on the properties of gastric floating tablets containing diclofenac sodium (DICL) as a model of poorly soluble acidic drug, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or calcium carbonate (CaCO3) as gas-forming agent, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) K100M or K15M as swelling polymer and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) as wetting agent.Methods: DICL floating tablets were prepared using direct compression method. The compressed tablets were evaluated for tablet properties, swelling index, and in vitro buoyancy. The in vitro release under non-sink condition was determined. Molecular interaction was studied using differential scanning calorimetry and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.Results: The tablet properties of all DICL floating tablets were within the acceptance criteria. The molecular interaction between DICL and excipients in the formulation was excluded. Depends on the formulation compositions, the swelling index at 3 h (SI) ranged from 44±11 to 1158±33 %, whereas the buoyancy properties namely floating lag time (FLT) and total floating time (TFT) were 0.33±0.03 to 10.04±0.04 min and 10.0±0.0 to>12 h, respectively. NaHCO3 showed higher swelling, buoyancy and release properties compared to those of CaCO3. NaHCO3 at 20% gave sufficient swelling (SI of 1074±16 %), buoyancy (FLT of 0.39±0.03 min, TFT of>12 h) and release properties (cumulative release of 5.83±0.02 %). HPMC K100M showed better swelling property of which its initial swelling rate was 1412±25 %/h compared to HPMC K15M (1042±31 %/h). HPMC K100M at 20% showed better buoyancy and release properties compared to those obtained from HPMC K100M at 30%. The release testing under non-sink conditions was able to distinguish the effect of formulation parameters on the DICL release profiles. Incorporation of SLS at 0.25% could enhance both release rate and cumulative release of DICL from the floating tablets. Nevertheless, it showed the unacceptable adverse effect on swelling and buoyancy properties of DICL floating tablets. The TFT of DICL floating tablets containing 0.25% SLS was only 0.5±0.0 h.Conclusion: DICL floating tablets were successfully prepared. Tablets possessing suitable swelling and buoyancy properties were obtained using NaHCO3 at 20% as a gas-forming agent, with HPMC K100M at 10 and 20% as floating matrix and swelling polymer. Addition of SLS as wetting and solubilizing agent showed the unacceptable adverse effect on the swelling and buoyancy properties of DICL floating tablets. The release under sink conditions and/or in vivo pharmacokinetic studies shall be further performed.
A NOVEL, SIMPLE, RAPID RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF FERULIC ACID, QUERCETIN, PIPERINE AND THYMOL IN AYURVEDIC FORMULATION
Authors: Jain Vandana , Heena Shaikh
Published: November 2018

Objective: A simple, accurate, precise and robust reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed for simultaneous estimation of ferulic acid, quercetin, piperine and thymol in marketed ayurvedic formulation.Methods: The selected markers were resolved using shim pack GIST C-18 column, with mobile phase acetonitrile: 0.04 M potassium dihydrogen ortho phosphate buffer (pH 3.0 adjusted with ortho phosphoric acid) in a ratio of 60:40 v/v at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection was carried out at 264 nm.Results: The retention time of ferulic acid, quercetin, piperine and thymol were found to be 2.98, 3.35, 7.83 and 9.72 min respectively. The developed method was validated according to the guidelines provided in ICH Q2 (R1) in term of linearity, precision, limit of detection, limit of quantification, accuracy and robustness. Linear response for all selected markers was obtained in the concentration range of 12-28 µg/ml with a correlation coefficient (r2) greater than 0.999. The mean % recovery was found to be 99.30 for ferulic acid, 98.77 for quercetin, 100.93 for piperine and 100.25 for thymol.Conclusion: The developed method was applied for quantification of these marker in marketed ayurvedic formulation. This method can be used to evaluate other formulations containing these selected phytoconstituent, thus conforming the quality and safety of ayurvedic or polyherbal formulations.
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY AND MULTIVARIATE CALIBRATION FOR THE RAPID QUANTIFICATION OF FREE FATTY ACID CONTENT IN PANGASIUS HYPOPTHALMUS OIL
Authors: Andina Lisa , Saputri Revita , Putri Aristha Novyra , Rohman Abdul
Published: November 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the capability of fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in combination with multivariate calibration for prediction of free fatty acids (FFA) in Pangasius hypopthalmus (P. hypopthalmus) oil.Methods: FFA content in P. hypopthalmus oil was determined by attenuated total reflectance-FTIR spectroscopy. P. hypopthalmus oil derived from Pangasius’s meat (MP), and Pangasius’s liver and fat (LFP) were subjected to heat treatments. Determination of FFA content in P. hypopthalmus oil’s was performed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector.Results: Oleic acid was found to be the main fatty acid component in P. hypopthalmus oil. FTIR spectra of P. hypopthalmus oil has 3 main peaks, C-H bonds of cis-form of fatty acid showed the stretching vibration, symmetric and asymmetric vibrations of the C-H2 and C-H3 aliphatic group and vibrations of the carbonyl (C=O) ester derived from the oil triacylglycerols. Principal component regression (PCR) model showed a better performance than the partial least square (PLS) model. PCR at wavenumbers of 1200-1000 cm-1 with first derivative treatment was chosen for FFA prediction, which resulted in a coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.9417, root means square error of calibration (RMSEC) of 0.725%, and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) value of 2.40%, respectively.Conclusion: FTIR spectroscopy combined with PCR can be used as an alternative method for analysis of fatty acid contents.
INFLUENCE OF PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENTATION ON CLIMACTERIC SYMPTOMS IN MENOPAUSAL WOMEN-A MINI REVIEW
Authors: Sivamaruthi Bhagavathi Sundaram , Kesika Periyanaina , Chaiyasut Chaiyavat
Published: November 2018

Menopause (MP) is a natural physiological event of woman’s life and is defined as the absence of menstrual periods for at least twelve months and loss of function of ovarian. The common symptoms of MP are irregular vaginal bleeding, hot flushes especially in head and chest, night sweats, insomnia, vaginal and urinary symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, increased cancer risk, osteopenia, high blood pressure, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Microbiome has been associated with several health benefits. Probiotic supplementation helps to enhance the quality of microbiome thereby confers the health benefits to the host system. The microbiome, hormone (estrogen) changes, and probiotic intervention are related to the health status of the female reproductive system. The vaginal microbiome (VM) play a critical role in female reproductive health and MP, which can be greatly influenced by probiotics, and other medicine especially antibiotics and hormone therapy. The role of VM in supporting vaginal health is not clear and debatable. Understanding the role of vaginal Lactobacillus could expose the pathogenesis of vaginal dysbiosis, which helps to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for several dysbiosis associated health issues and menopause-related symptoms. Recent studies suggested that the intervention of probiotic preparation with or without nutraceutical formulation (mostly with isoflavones) improve the health status of menopausal women. The mechanism of probiotics mediated health improvement in menopausal women is not yet described clearly. Several controversies are there on the link between probiotic, gut microbiota, vaginal microbiota, and estrogen deficit. The present review summarizes the influence of probiotic supplementation on climacteric symptoms in menopausal women. The literature search was made in Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed using the keywords “probiotics” and “menopause”. The documents were carefully checked for the relevance to the current manuscript, and the selection was made without any restriction in the year of publication.
CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ZnO NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY CO PRECIPITATION METHOD
Authors: D. Manyasree , P. Kiranmayi , Kolli Venkata R
Published: November 2018

Objective: In the present study the antibacterial activity of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles was investigated against gram negative (Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris) and gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans) organisms.Methods: The synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles was carried out by co-precipitation method using zinc sulfate and sodium hydroxide as precursors. These nanoparticles were characterized by XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Radiation), UV-Visible spectroscopy and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) with EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis). As well as antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of the nanoparticles were carried out by agar well diffusion method and broth dilution method respectively against gram negative (Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris) and gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans) bacteria.Results: The average crystallite size of ZnO nanoparticles was found to be 35 nm by X-ray diffraction. The vibration bands at 450 and 603 cm-1 which were assigned for ZnO stretching vibration were observed in FTIR spectrum. The optical absorption band at 383 nm was obtained from UV-Visible spectrum. Spherical shape morphology was observed in SEM studies. The antibacterial assay clearly expressed that E. coli showed a maximum zone of inhibition (32±0.20 mm) followed by Proteus vulgaris (30±0.45 nm) at 50 mg/ml concentration of ZnO nanoparticles.Conclusion: Zinc oxide nanoparticles have exhibited good antibacterial activity with gram negative bacteria when compared to gram positive bacteria.
Análisis de la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes en México 2013-2016
Authors: Bueno Hernández Carmen Alicia
Published: November 2018

El sobrepeso y la obesidad se han consolidado en México como uno de los problemas de salud pública más graves y costosos, tanto para su población como para las instituciones públicas encargadas de garantizar el derecho a la salud de la población. En los últimos años, las cifras han ido en aumento a pesar de los múltiples esfuerzos preventivos y paliativos implementados por el Gobierno Federal. En ese sentido, el propósito de este trabajo es analizar el desempeño de la Estrategia Nacional para la Prevención y Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes implementada en México desde 2013, a fin de identificar sus fortalezas y debilidades y así contribuir a un debate que permita tomar las medidas necesarias para corregir las deficiencias detectadas.
Hanging the Sin Eater: International Criminal Law’s Failure to Engage with the Role of Media in a Criminal State.
Authors: Bourrie Mark
Published: November 2018

Background  Mainstream news media play an important role in the political system. For instance, they can use their authoritative voices to give legitimacy to regimes. In contrast, the fringe press is easily identified by its often outrageous partisanship. Fringe media such as Julius Streicher’s Der Stürmer and Rwanda’s Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines usually have no credibility with non-partisan audiences.Analysis  Mainstream media, because of their own credibility, can give credibility to criminal states. Analysis of the historical record shows that mainstream media escape prosecution in the rare cases where they are called to account for underpinning state criminality. Conclusions and implications  This article discusses the prosecution of the fringe partisan press for acting as propagandists for criminal states, while more “credible” mainstream journalists escape prosecution. Contexte  Les médias d’information grand public jouent un rôle important dans les systèmes politiques. Par exemple, ils peuvent utiliser leur autorité pour légitimer certains gouvernements. À l’inverse, on reconnaît facilement les médias marginaux à leur partisanerie parfois outrancière. Normalement, des médias marginaux comme Der Stürmer de Julius Streicher et Radio Télévision Libre des Milles Collines au Rwanda n’ont aucune crédibilité auprès de publics non-partisans.Analyse  Les médias grand public, à cause de leur propre crédibilité, peuvent prêter une certaine crédibilité aux états criminels. Par surcroît, une analyse historique montre que ces médias, dans les quelques cas où on leur demande de rendre compte de leurs actions, sont rarement poursuivis en justice pour leur appui d’un état criminel.Conclusions et implications  Cet article discute de poursuites judiciaires envers la presse marginale ayant fait de la propagande pour un état criminel, dans des circonstances où l’on épargnerait normalement les journalistes traditionnels dits « crédibles. »
Does My Favourite Political TV Series Make Me Cynical?
Authors: Manoliu Alexandra , Bastien Frédérick
Published: November 2018

Background In recent decades, scholars have become increasingly concerned about rising political cynicism. This study tests whether people exposed to political television series become more cynical.Analysis  Three groups of participants are exposed to the first episode of two political series (House of Cards and The West Wing) and one non-political series (The Big Bang Theory). Their level of political cynicism is measured before and after exposure to the episode.Conclusions and implications  Results indicate that not all political television series have the same impact on their audiences: series recognized for their intense negativity increase people’s level of cynicism, while those portraying politics in a positive way do not have any impact. More sophisticated participants did not seem to react differently, as political knowledge does not moderate the impact upon cynicism. Contexte  Depuis quelques décennies, les chercheurs se préoccupent de l’augmentation du cynisme politique. Dans cette étude, nous testons si les gens exposés aux séries politiques télévisées deviennent plus cyniques.Analyse  Nous avons conçu une expérience au cours de laquelle trois groupes de participants ont été exposés au premier épisode de deux séries politiques (House of Cards et The West Wing) et d’une série apolitique (The Big Bang Theory). Leur niveau de cynisme politique a été mesuré avant et après l’exposition à l’épisode.Conclusions et implications  Les résultats indiquent que toutes les séries politiques télévisées n’ont pas le même impact sur leurs publics: les séries reconnues pour leur négativité intense augmentent le niveau de cynisme des gens, tandis que celles décrivant la politique d’une façon positive n’ont pas d’impact. Le niveau de connaissance politique n’a pas modéré l’impact des séries sur le cynisme.
Productive Labour in the Information Sector
Authors: Finkelstein Rodrigo
Published: November 2018

Background This article addresses the question of productive labour in the information sector. Based on Marxian political economy, it provides a critical assessment of Dan Schiller’s (2007) arguments on productive and unproductive labour. Unproductive labour, it argues, is not something a) unnecessary, b) morally inferior, c) outside of a wage relationship, or d) unprofitable. Analysis Following an orthodox Marxian interpretation, this article claims that unproductive labour is a category that revolves exclusively around the concept of surplus value, and that this recognition is vital to understanding the type of labour that takes place in those businesses whose main commodity is information. Conclusions and implications  The article ends with a more sophisticated account of how to apply the category of productive labour to the information sector. Contexte  Cet article traite de la problématique du travail productif dans le secteur de l’information. Sur la base de l’économie politique marxiste, les arguments autour du travail productif et improductif de Dan Schiller ont été évalués de façon critique. Je soutiens que le travail improductif n’est pas quelque chose a) d’inutile b) ni moralement inferieur, c) ni exempt d’un rapport de salaire, d) ni lucratif. Analyse  Suivant une interprétation marxiste orthodoxe, je postule que le travail productif est une catégorie en rapport exclusivement avec la production de plus-value et cette reconnaissance est vitale pour comprendre les types de travaux qui se réalisent dans les secteurs où la principale marchandise est l’information. Conclusions et implications  Pour conclure j’apporte une explication plus sophistiquée pour appliquer la catégorie de travail productif au secteur de l’information.
Entre l’individuel et le social : les motivations d’usage de pornographie
Authors: Lecompte Maude , Corneau Simon , Bernatchez Kim
Published: November 2018

Background  Although pornography use is widespread, motivations for use may differ depending on certain identity categories.Analysis  This article presents the motivations related to pornography use identified following a metasynthesis as a methodological framework. Using theoretical notions of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, the metasynthesis allowed us to combine results derived from thirteen qualitative studies that examined motivations for pornography use among various audiences.Conclusions and implications  The motivations identified are: entertainment, sexual satisfaction, fantasy and identity exploration, creation and strengthening of social or emotional ties, learning and information, transgression, and protection. Our results demonstrate that pornography use can be motivated by both social and personal considerations, and suggest that future research should consider the importance of gender and sexual orientation.Contexte  Bien que l’usage de pornographie soit répandu, les motivations pour son usage peuvent différer en fonction de certaines catégories identitaires.Analyse  Cet article présente les motivations d’usage de pornographie documentées au moyen d’une métasynthèse comme cadre méthodologique. Utilisant les notions théoriques de motivation intrinsèque et extrinsèque, la métasynthèse a permis la mise en commun des résultats de treize études qualitatives réalisées auprès de publics variés.Conclusions et implications  Les motivations recensées sont : le divertissement, la satisfaction sexuelle, l’exploration fantasmatique et identitaire, la création et le renforcement de liens sociaux ou affectifs, l’apprentissage et l’information, la transgression et la protection. Les résultats montrent que l’usage de pornographie peut être motivé tant par des considérations sociales que personnelles et soulèvent l’importance de considérer le sexe et l’orientation sexuelle dans les recherches futures.
Digital Solidarity, Analog Mobilization: An Ethnography of the Technology-Embedded Protest Networks of the Québec Student Strike
Authors: Tewksbury Doug
Published: November 2018

Background  This article presents the results of an ethnographic study of the online and offline communities participating in the “Maple Spring” student strike in Québec as a case study for theorizing the trajectory of the technology-embedded social movement. AnalysisAnalyzing data collected during field visits that include over 50 interviews with participants, community organizers, union representatives, community-media producers, and activists, this article argues that it is the practices of online-offline sharing, belonging, strategizing, and affectively being together that allowed for a hybridized practice of social movements to translate into concrete direct democratic action. Conclusions and implications  The social and mobile media uses of the Québec student-strike participants suggest that the strategy of using mediated exchanges in order to both build community belonging and share information/knowledge can be effective in mobilizing boots-on-the-ground actions as a means of democratic participation and social change for today’s hybridized social movements and direct actions. Contexte  Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude ethnographique sur les communautés en ligne et hors ligne qui ont participé à la grève étudiante du Printemps érable au Québec. Cette étude de cas sert à l’analyse de la trajectoire de ce mouvement social renforcé par certaines technologies de la communication.Analyse  L’auteur a recueilli des données à partir d’enquêtes de terrain comprenant plus de 50 entretiens avec des participants, des organisateurs communautaires, des représentants syndicaux, des producteurs de médias communautaires et des activistes. En se fondant sur une analyse des données recueillies, l’auteur soutient que c’est une combinaison de pratiques hybrides (partage, solidarité, formulation de stratégies, camaraderie, et ce, tant en ligne que hors ligne) qui a permis la mise en œuvre d’une forme de démocratie directe.Conclusions et implications L’utilisation de médias sociaux et mobiles par les participants au Printemps érable montre qu’il peut être efficace de recourir à des technologies de la communication pour créer un sentiment d’appartenance communautaire et pour partager des informations et savoirs. Ces technologies peuvent en outre motiver les participants à entrer dans le feu de l’action, encourageant la participation démocratique et le changement social au sein des mouvements sociaux hybrides et de l’action directe d’aujourd’hui.
Indagación exploratoria in vitro de la capacidad degradadora de la cepa comercial Pleurotus ostreatus sobre dos concentraciones de petróleo crudo
Authors: Boada Hurtado Luisa Fernanda , Sánchez Nieves Jimena , Wen Fung Yih
Published: November 2018

Objetivo. Evaluar la potencial actividad degradadora de la cepa comercial Pleurotus ostreatus sobre petróleo crudo como única fuente de carbono. Método. Se empleó un inóculo de 10mg del hongo en medio mínimo líquido de sales con volúmenes de 0,5% y 1% de petróleo en agitación constante durante 21 días a temperatura ambiente, registrando peso seco a los 0, 8,15 y 21 días. Resultados. Se obtuvo un máximo de biomasa 45mg para 0,5% de 39mg para 1%. Esto sugiere que el hongo sufre una adaptación fisiológica para utilizar el petróleo crudo para su crecimiento.
Descripción de pruebas moleculares en el diagnóstico del virus Zika en el periodo 2008-Febrero 2018. Revisión sistemática
Authors: Pereira-Palacio Juan C. , Gaviria-Mejía Lady J. , Zea-Castrillón Sebastián , Jaramillo Arbelaez Patricia E , Bedoya Astrid
Published: November 2018

Objetivo. Describir las pruebas moleculares usadas desde 2008 para la detección del virus Zika reportadas en artículos indexados en 3 bases de datos. Métodos. Se realizó la búsqueda de literatura científica utilizando el método PRISMA durante el periodo 2008 – febrero de 2018, en las bases de datos Pubmed, Science Direct y Embase, usando como criterios de inclusión artículos originales publicados entre los años 2008 a 2018 que realicen investigación en humanos con sospecha de infección por ZIKV y que describan la prueba molecular utilizada. Resultados. A partir de una búsqueda inicial de 2617 artículos recolectados con las palabras clave y aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionan 18 artículos, de los cuales 8 son de Science Direct, 4 de Embase y 6 de Pubmed. Se describe la RT-PCR como la técnica más utilizada, se hallaron 9 blancos moleculares diferentes utilizados en las pruebas y 7 muestras biológicas de las cuales se pudo amplificar el genoma viral. Conclusiones. Hasta el momento la RT-PCR es la técnica más utilizada para el diagnóstico de la infección por el virus Zika al ser la más estandarizada y presentar una alta sensibilidad y especificidad, sin embargo se sigue trabajando sobre otras técnicas que garanticen la detección oportuna del virus, usando diferentes genes como el gen E, NS5, NS1, NS2B NS3, NS4B y CPREM principalmente en suero y orina.
RELEVANCE OF AGRICULTURAL LAND TAX FOR OWN REVENUE OF RURAL MUNICIPALITIES IN POLAND
Authors: Felis Paweł , Rosłaniec Henryk , Szlęzak-Matusewicz Joanna
Published: November 2018

The paper focuses on agricultural land tax, which in traditional rural regions should be the major source of revenue for local municipalities. We studied and assessed the size and stability of revenue from this tax as well as the diverse role it plays in rural municipalities. Our analysis is based on an extensive empirical material – data from budget reports submitted by 2,154 rural municipalities. The paper validates a research hypothesis stating that agricultural land tax is a major source of own revenue in many rural municipalities and its size depends predominantly on the price of rye which is used to calculate the rate of this particular tax. We examined tax revenues of all rural municipalities in Poland between 2007 and 2014. The analysis confirmed theoretical expectations and thus positively validated our main hypothesis.
DIRECT AND INDIRECT IMPACT OF NAUTICAL TOURISM ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL ECONOMY IN WEST POMERANIA ON THE EXAMPLE OF DARŁOWO MUNICIPALITY
Authors: Nowaczyk Piotr
Published: November 2018

The aim of the article is to determine the direct and indirect benefits from the development of nautical tourism in the West Pomerania. The study was founded on the economic base theory, which attributes local development to exogenous factors. In accordance with its premises, the direct benefits include the initial sailing spendings. The lack of a comparative base made it impossible to determine their exact significance for the economy. The calculated tax revenues – as one of the categories of indirect benefits – comprised a small part of the local budget, but with the income of the port operator they allowed to cover the investment outlays for the development of sailing infrastructure. Qualitative analysis confirmed that the majority of indirect benefits accumulates in the local economy. Sailing tourism may become an important aspect in the development of the West Pomerania’s local economy. This, however, will require further development of sailing infrastructure and broadening the scope of available services.
TRENDS IN THE CHANGES OF CONSUMER NUTRITIONAL NEEDS IN POLAND IN THE YEARS 2003–2015
Authors: Szwacka-Mokrzycka Joanna
Published: November 2018

The article presents main trends in the changes of nutritional needs in Poland over the past dozen years. Main goal of the article is to determine the direction and scope of the changes in consumption patterns of Poles in progress in the first and second decade of the 21st century. Starting point of the analysis consists in presenting the methods for studying the pace of development of food consumption and the changes of its structure. Next, the prioritization of nutritional needs was presented basing on the analysis and assessment of average income elasticity factors for consumption for the years 2003–2015. The conducted analysis of the shaping of nutritional needs of Polish households reflects the growing level of satisfaction of the needs as well as quality changes, together with substitution processes within the analysed food groups.
Yenilenebilir Enerji Kullanımındaki Göreceli Etkinliklerin Veri Zarflama Analizi ile Değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye ve Bazı Avrupa Ülkeleri Örneği
Authors: Aydın Yenioğlu Zühre , Ateş Vildan
Published: November 2018

Türkiye
ve diğer Dünya ülkeleri için yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının üretimi ve kullanımı
son yıllarda artan bir eğilim göstermektedir. Ülkeler yenilenebilir enerji
konusunda ilerleme sağlamak amacıyla, bu alana yönelik çalışmalar,
düzenlemeler, yatırımlar yapmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada söz konusu çalışmaların
etkisinin incelenmesi için Türkiye ve 2020 yenilenebilir hedeflerine ulaşmış 7 Avrupa
ülkesinin 2015 ve 2016 yılları içerisinde teknik ve ölçek etkinlikleri Veri
Zarflama Analizi (VZA) ile hesaplanmıştır. VZA
uygulamasının çözümünde GAMS paket programı kullanılmıştır. Yerelde
teknik etkinlik ve genelde teknik etkinlik ölçümü ve modeller arasında
tutarlılığın sağlandığını göstermek amacıyla CCR girdi-çıktı ile BCC
girdi-çıktı modelleri üzerinde çalışılmış ve teknik ve ölçek etkinlikleri
ölçülmüştür. 2015 ve 2016 yıllarını kapsayan veri setleri Dünya Bankası ve İngiliz
Petrolun (İP) yayınladıkları yıllık bültenlerden derlenmiş ve çalışma
kapsamında girdi olarak yıllık yenilenebilir enerji yatırımları, birincil
enerji tüketimi ve yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi, çıktı olarak ise gayri safi
yurt içi hâsıla modele eklenmiştir. 2015 ve 2016 yılları ortalamaları alınarak
modellerde kullanılan değişkenler arasındaki korelasyon katsayıları ve bu
yıllara ait etkinlik sonuçları hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda 2015 ve 2016
yıllarında Türkiye yenilenebilir enerji alanında Avrupa’nın 2020 hedeflerine
ulaşmış ülkeleri ile kıyaslandığında sayısal olarak yatırım, tüketim ve GSYH
açısından geride kalmış ve 2015 ve 2016 yılları içerisinde de Türkiye etkin
olamamıştır.
Procedimientos computacionales en la adquisición y captura de datos antropométricos / Computational procedures in the acquisition and capture of anthropometric data
Authors: Ramírez Martínez Claudia
Published: November 2018

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue señalar los procedimientos computacionales empleados para la adquisición, lectura y captura de datos antropométricos relacionados con las siguientes variables: peso, talla, envergadura, diámetro y perímetro de cintura, umbilical y de cadera, índices de masa corporal, índice de masa ósea, porcentaje de agua en el cuerpo, entre otros. Los datos recabados fueron obtenidos a) de forma manual; b) de manera digital y manual, c) a través de tecnología por infrarrojo, y d) en comunicación por bluetooth. El grupo de participantes estuvo constituido por 50 mujeres y 50 hombres, cuyas edades oscilaban entre los 19 y los 25 años, pertenecientes al estado de San Luis Potosí. Las mediciones fueron realizadas con hardware y software comercial en México, de modo que se presentan las ocurrencias por captura de sensores infrarrojos con Kinect. Los datos recabados demuestran que las mediciones realizadas deben ser cuidadosamente atendidas al momento de su captura, pues se evidencia la presencia de ruido por infrarrojo, particularmente en los puntos de extremidades inferiores. Para este estudio se contó con el permiso del Comité de Ética en Salud de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí y con el apoyo del proyecto SEP-Conacyt CB-2015-257902 Generación de información antropométrica básica en población adulta en el estado de San Luis Potosí. En este estudio no se midieron menores de edad.
Compañías universitarias interdisciplinarias rentables: Laboratorio Teatral Látex-UAQ / Profitable Interdisciplinary University companies: UAQ-Latex Theatrical Laboratory
Authors: Jiménez Draguicevic Pamela Soledad
Published: November 2018

Introducción: En este artículo se describe el funcionamiento que una compañía universitaria interdisciplinaria (escena-multimedia-música) emplea a través de un laboratorio-taller permanente con el propósito de ser rentable mediante la planeación, innovación y gestión de sus productos. Objetivos: 1) Implementar en nuestro entorno educativo, mediante la investigación aplicada, un trabajo interdisciplinario que integre la escena dentro de un contexto intervenido por la cultura científica y las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. 2) Crear estrategias para generar una compañía universitaria rentable. Metodología: Se aplicó un método de intervención exploratorio para el abordaje de una fusión de diferentes técnicas escénicas y otras disciplinas artísticas con la cultura científica a través de la tecnología y de la innovación de la comunicación, así como una investigación documental con el fin de analizar los mecanismos pertinentes para la rentabilidad de una compañía universitaria. Resultados: Este laboratorio-taller ha facilitado la generación de una plataforma interdisciplinaria de música-escena-multimedia de aprendizaje a través de la investigación vinculada con el quehacer real de la práctica profesional artística. Para ello, se ha centrado en la preparación, creación de objetivos coherentes y claros, vinculación, diseño de estrategias, análisis del entorno, innovación, gestión y diferentes aspectos de la producción y difusión. En cuanto a los resultados cuantitativos, se pueden mencionar los siguientes: a) una tesis de licenciatura de intervención social, b) presentación de ponencias en tres congresos internacionales, c) registro de tres obras escénicas, d) cinco montajes interdisciplinarios exhibidos en distintos foros, y e) publicación de un artículo en una revista indexada donde se describió la estructura de entrenamiento del laboratorio. Conclusiones: El proyecto sirvió para que alumnos, egresados y docentes artísticos desarrollaran una estructura interdisciplinaria a través de cinco montajes con óptimos resultados. Para la obtención de recursos, se obtuvieron acuerdos con la Secretaría de Cultura y una coproducción artística, así como recursos FOVIN a través del uso estratégico de la planeación y la gestión.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Flash Flip Book pada Mata Kuliah Elemen Mesin 1 di Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Universitas Sriwijaya
Authors: Setiyo Edi , Zulhermanan Zulhermanan , Harlin Harlin
Published: November 2018

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Flash Flip Book Pada Mata Kuliah Elemen Mesin 1 Di Pogram Studi Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Fkip Unsri. pengembangan di lakukan dengan model Rowntree. Eveluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode evaluasi formatif tessmer. Data dikumpulkan melalui validasi, angket, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kevalidan materi adalah 90,27% dengan kategori valid, desain sebesar 86% dengan kategori sangat valid. Dengan demikian produk memiliki validitas sebasar 83,75% dengan kategori sangat valid. Skor kepraktisan pada tahap one-to-one evaluation sangat praktis terlihat dari komentar dan saran yang menunjukan komentar dan saran yang baik, tahapan small group evaluation sebesar 83,75% dengan kategori praktis, dan tahapan field test sebesar 82,41% dengan kategori praktis. Dengan demikian, produk berupa media flas flip book berkualitas baik sehingga dapat diterapkan dalam pembelajaran elemen mesin 1.
Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi Bagi Remaja (Literatur Review)
Authors: Marlina Hastuti , Jalinus Nizwardi , Rahmat Rusnadi
Published: November 2018

The problem of teenagers in that world associated with early health, early circulation, difficult cancer, HIV / AIDS and increased STIs. The writing of this article is to know and examine the efforts and programs that have been conducted by various countries in providing information on issues relating to the three issues of adolescent reproductive health (Sexuality, HIV / AIDS and Drugs). The method used in the journal using EBSCO, Proquest, Sciencedirect, google scholar published from 2002 to 2018. The result of the literature review is the knowledge of sexual health education portrait for which has been done by various countries namely: Integration of Sexual Education in all strata of education, Counseling Sexual Education by Specialist Doctors, School-based Counseling is accompanied by Parents. The correlation of sex education in schools by teachers wants to apply in the home associated with parents despite the need for regular consultation to specialist doctors such as doctors, pediatricians and doctors of venereal diseases. Sex education on reproductive health has been done in various countries proven to reduce the three problems of adolescent reproductive health

 Keywords: Education, Sex, Teenagers
Remembering the Seven-Word of The Jakarta Charter: The Challenging Risk of Indonesian Today
Authors: Salehudin Ahmad
Published: November 2018

This article aims to discuss the remembering phenomenon of the seven words of the Jakarta Charter. Even though it happened in early Indonesia independent era, the rejection of deleting the seven words of Jakarta Charter still exists until now. The seven words abolition of the Jakarta Charter became myths and rites that used by Islamic fundamentalist groups to bring back past memories in Indonesia today. In the process, it became a collective or social memory among Muslim Fundamentalist group, and it gives great energy, and also dreaming, to the fundamentalist Islamic groups to struggle to remake Indonesia as Islamic State. In Indonesian history, it is a big problem because of two reasons. Indonesia is not Islamic state. Beside that this group also is not only using constitutional ways, but also unconstitutional ways, such rebellion, religious terror, and hijacking. Therefore we need to reshape and reconfigure the memory of deleting the seven words of the Jakarta Charter.
ECOLOGY OF LEPIDOPTERANS OF SATYRIDAE FAMILY IN SOUTHERN TRANS-URALS
Authors: Khlyzova Tatyana Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2018

Satyr fauna of the Southern trans-Urals is represented by 24 species, 2 of which - P. afra and E. medusa - are included in the Red Book of the Kurgan region as species of vanishing number and range. In terms of the wintering phases of satyrs of the Kurgan region, they are possible to be divided into 2 ecological groups: wintering caterpillars (19 species) and wintering pupae (2 species). The hibernating phases of C. hero , P. afra and C. persephone haven’t been identified. Among satyrs divided by the wideness of trophic specialization of caterpillars there exist broad oligophages and broad polyphages. According to the flight terms of imago satyrs of the Southern trans-Urals, they can be divided into 3 phenological groups: early-summer (6 species), summer (15 species) and late-summer (1 species). Satyr fauna in the region generally can be called forest-steppe. According to the peculiarities of the passage of the main parts of the areas, the satyrs can be divided into 3 groups. The first group unites 4 species that are widespread in the northern and southern forest-steppe, the herbage-grass-turf-grass steppe. The second group includes 16 species that occur only in the forest-steppe zone. The third group consists of 4 species, whose most favorable habitats are located in the herbage-turf-grass steppe. According to the landscape-biotope confinement, regional satyrs can be divided into 4 ecological groups: inhabitants of pine-small-leaf forests, inhabitants of the small forest - campestral landscape, inhabitants of steppes and steppe areas, eurybionts. The fauna of glades of pine-small-leaf forests is mostly rich in species. The generality of the species composition of the satyrs of the small forest - campestral and steppe landscapes reaches 53%. First of all, this is due to the quick spread of cereals in these landscapes, which are fodder plants for caterpillars of most species of this family.