bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A clinicoepidemiological profile of lung cancers in India – Results from the National Cancer Registry Programme
Authors: Nath Anita , Sathishkumar Krishnan , Das Priyanka , Sudarshan Kondalli Lakshminarayana , Mathur Prashant
Published: July 2022

Background & objectives:

Lung cancer is a significant public health concern in low- and middle-income countries such as India. The present article describes the epidemiology, and clinical profile of lung cancer in India, based on recent data from the National Cancer Registry Programme (NCRP).

Methods:

The latest data on lung cancer from the NCRP were collated from 28 population-based cancer registries and 58 hospital-based cancer registries across a five-year (2012-2016) reporting period.

Results:

The highest age-adjusted incidence rate and mortality (AAMR) was found amongst males and females in the Aizawl district of Mizoram. A significant increase in the annual per cent change of lung cancer incidence was observed in metropolitan cities from 1982 to 2016. About one-third of the cases (36.5%) in males and females (31.7%) were recorded in the age group of 55-64 yr. Adenocarcinoma accounted for about a third (34.3%) of the morphological type in males and half (52.7% ) amongst females. Out of 22,645 recorded lung cancer cases, close to half (44.8%) of the patients presented with distant spread, while over one-third (35.3%) had loco-regional spread of disease at the time of diagnosis.

Interpretation & conclusions:

Our estimates suggest that the number of cases is expected to rise sharply to 81,219 cases amongst males and 30,109 in females in 2025. The rising incidence and delayed diagnosis of lung cancer in India are grave concerns. The findings of the present study call for scaling up and intensification of lung cancer-specific preventive, early diagnosis and control measures.
ADAS and Automated Driving: A Practical Approach to Verification and Validation
Authors: Pathrose Plato
Published: July 2022

The day will soon come when you will be able to verbally communicate with a vehicle and instruct it to drive to a location. The car will navigate through street traffic and take you to your destination without additional instruction or effort on your part. Today, this scenario is still in the future, but the automotive industry is racing to toward the finish line to have automated driving vehicles deployed on our roads. ADAS and Automated Driving: A Practical Approach to Verification and Validation focuses on how automated driving systems (ADS) can be developed from concept to a product on the market for widescale public use. It covers practically viable approaches, methods, and techniques with examples from multiple production programs across different organizations. The author provides an overview of the various Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and ADS currently being developed and installed in vehicles. The technology needed for large-scale production and public use of fully autonomous vehicles is still under development, and the creation of such technology is a highly innovative area of the automotive industry. This text is a comprehensive reference for anyone interested in a career focused on the verification and validation of ADAS and ADS. The examples included in the volume provide the reader foundational knowledge and follow best and proven practices from the industry. Using the information in ADAS and Automated Driving, you can kick start your career in the field of ADAS and ADS.
Technology Usage and Public Procurement Performance in Tanzania
Authors: Tinali Gerald Zachary Paga
Published: July 2022

Given a number of challenges procurement in the public sector faces also in line with the current trend of globalization and innovation, organizations are trying much to improve their procurement practices through technological applications. However, still there are contradictory results on the role of technology usage on the performance of procurement. This study was aimed at investigating the public procurement performance in Tanzania by examining the roles played by technology usage and regulatory pressure. Drawing on institution theory with the support of empirical evidence from literature, a conceptual model with direct path and moderated paths was developed through which procurement regulatory pressure moderates the path from procurement technology usage to procurement performance. The study used partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) aided by SmartPLS 3 to validate the measurement model and test the hypotheses using data from 207 key informants from procurement management units of the public procurement sector in Tanzania. The findings from this study with support from previous empirical studies indicated that too much regulatory pressure tends to weaken the application of technology in procurement. Moreover, these results have implications for methodology, practitioners, and policymakers.
La incidencia de la metodología de aprendizaje basado en proyectos en un aula de formación profesional para la prevención del abuso sexual en menores
Authors: Rosello Ivars Andrea
Published: July 2022

El actual modelo de educación está tomando conciencia de la importancia de implementar nuevas metodologías en las aulas que se ajustan más a la realidad del alumnado. Por lo tanto, es necesario instaurar una innovación educativa en la Formación Profesional debido a que el alumnado está formándose para una calificación profesional específica.                                    

 El objetivo general del presente estudio ha sido implantar, mediante la metodología de Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos, un programa socioeducativo para la prevención del abuso sexual en menores en el segundo curso del ciclo formativo de Integración Social del IES Josep Iborra de Benissa (Alicante). Por este motivo, analizaremos la situación de la formación profesional en la actualidad y el beneficio de trabajar por proyectos, en este caso, mediante el diseño, implantación y evaluación de la propuesta didáctica sobre la prevención del abuso sexual a menores.

Teniendo en consideración los resultados obtenidos del presente trabajo, se recomienda ir introduciendo esta metodología en las aulas de la Formación Profesional debido a que la mayoría de los/as participantes consideran que el uso de esta metodología les prepara mejor para su futuro laboral. Además, se ha demostrado que cuanto mayor es la motivación del alumnado, mejor adquieren las competencias del ciclo formativo y mayor autonomía logran en la realización de las diferentes tareas educativas.
BE SMART WITH MEDITATION
Authors: Shahzadi Maria , Bilal Muhammad , Maida Shehzadi Gull
Published: July 2022

In a society where humans work 24 hours a day, seven days a week, are portrayed as machines. Though this attitude allows them to be more innovative and financially successful, as well as establish a stable image in society. On the other hand, this approach is hollowing and draining them from within. Being a workaholic has serious consequences, such as being forgetful, dull, making mistakes, losing energy and capacity, and so on. Meditation is the only approach to reducing the effects of a workaholic because it can help us become less susceptible to mistakes.
HYPOLIPIDEMIC AND HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN STZ (STREPTOZOTOCIN) INDUCED HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS AND THEIR ROLE IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
Authors: Tahir Farah Naz , Ali Hania , Taqi Iqra
Published: July 2022

In the past few years, medical plants research focused on a lot by scientists all over the world. Many evidence has been studied to show the potential effects of medicinal plants in the medical field. This is due to the presence of many metabolites in plants that includes flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and many hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic agents.

This study aims to evaluate various medicinal plants for anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic activity in rats. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non communicable diseases present globally and it’s most lethal complication which developed is dyslipidemia which ultimately leads to cardiovascular events which are hard to control and it’s not possible to revert back its effects. Since ancient times plants have been the source of medicine. Many kinds of literature mentioned the use of plants in the treatment of various diseases. This review covers the anti-diabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of medicinal plants. Investigation of phytochemicals present in medicinal plants and their biological activities are reported. The hypolipidemic activity which is present in most medicinal plants is strongly associated with new drug development which will be used for high lipid profiles and cardiovascular disease.
TROCHANTERIC ATTACHMENT OF PSOAS MINOR MUSCLE IN 52 YEARS OLD FEMALE CADAVER IN ALKHARJ, SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: Alsharif Mohammed Hamid Karrar , Alfaki Mamoun Abdelwahab , Almasaad Juman Mahmoud , Bakhit Nagi Mahmoud , Elamin Abubaker Yousif , Taha Khalid Mohammed
Published: July 2022

The anatomical variations of psoas minor muscle (PMM) vary greatly in terms of agenesis, attachments and morphology based on race and gender. In the current study, we report an extremely rare condition of distal attachment of psoas minor muscle during our routine dissection of a 52-year-old female body cadaver. We observed that the psoas minor muscle insertion was unique where it was inserted to the lesser trochanter of the femur. We believe that understanding these variations is essential to the effective execution and planning of radiological and surgical procedures and the correlation with many clinical conditions.
CLINICAL OUTCOME OF PERI-IMPLANT SOFT AND HARD TISSUES AFTER IMMEDIATE IMPLANT PLACEMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Amiri Ali , Naziri Babak , Azizi Amir , Mehraban Saeed Hasani , Butze Juliane Pereira
Published: July 2022

Background: One of the most important challenges in dental implant placement is supporting and preserving soft tissue and bone structures. Numerous studies on fixation of soft and hard tissues at the single or double teeth site have reported immediate placement using a flapless protocol, while many studies have reported fewer results in molar extraction solutions. The current study aims to determine the clinical outcome of peri-implant soft and hard tissues following immediate implant placement.

Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China, from January 2021 to September 2021. In this systematic review, the search strategy was to screen electronically all relevant, authentic articles on databases of Embase, LIVIVO, EBSCO, Web of Science, LILACS, Scopus, and PubMed, published from 2011 to September 2021. Risk ratio (RR) was determined for implant failure, and mean differences (MD) were determined for soft tissue, horizontal and vertical buccal bone resorption by 95% CI, Inverse-variance, and fixed effect model or Mantel-Haenszel method between the intervention (bone substitute material) and control (no bone substitute material) groups through Stata/MP v.16.

Results: Risk ratio of implant failure was similar in intervention and control group 0.02 (RR=0.02; 95%CI=-0.04 to 0.08; p=0.49). Mean differences were statistically greater in intervention than control group for soft tissue 1.65 mm (95%CI=1.05 to 2.25; p=0.00), horizontal bone resorption -0.47 mm (95%CI=-0.77 to -0.17 mm; p=0.00) and vertical buccal bone resorption -0.14 mm (95%CI=-0.24 to -0.03 mm; p=0.01).

Conclusion: Our findings revealed no significant difference in implant failure between an intervention (bone substitute material) and control (no bone substitute material) groups. Mean differences were statistically greater in the intervention than the control group for soft tissue, horizontal bone resorption, and vertical buccal bone resorption. Using bone substitute material can improve long-term peri-implant soft tissue, horizontal and vertical buccal bone resorption. It is recommended to use bone-substitute material with a thin buccal plate.
ASSOCIATION OF BRCA2 POLYMORPHISM TO SCHIZOPHRENIA IN SAARC COUNTRIES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Malik Kanwal Abbas , Aziz Ishrat , Abid Amna , Ali Saadat
Published: July 2022

Schizophrenia is a complex disorder of polygenic inheritance with a lifetime prevalence of 5-10%. An external study showed that the role of BRCA2 is needed for the normal neurogenesis in mice. Another recent meta-analysis showed that genetic polymorphism of BRCA2 could increase susceptibility to schizophrenia. This study conducted the possible relationship between BRCA2 polymorphisms in schizophrenic patients in participating SAARC (South Asian Association of Regional Corporation) countries (Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives, Bangladesh and Afghanistan). While conducting this review, we collected data from eight SAARC countries. We collected that articles which were published from 1997 to 2020, using PubMed, and NCBI databases to amplify data about the association of BRCA2 polymorphism to schizophrenia patients in SAARC countries. Totally 24 studies were included in this review. We have additionally reviewed fewer studies from other than SAARC countries to support the evidence concerning this issue. Major studies from each SAARC country have identified novel and pathogenic mutations in BRCA2 but have not assessed on BRCA2 polymorphism within schizophrenia patients. Yet, there is no conclusive evidence found regarding the association of BRCA2 polymorphism to schizophrenia.
TRAUMATIC PHACOCELE IN 55 YEARS OLD WOMAN FROM CHENNAI, INDIA
Authors: Bhatt Darshan , Chandrasekaran Balasubramanian
Published: July 2022

A 55-years-old woman presented with profound sudden loss of vision in left eye (LE) after an injury in a road side accident. She had normal right eye. Left eye had perception of light (PL) with accurate projection of light (PR) in all quadrants, total hyphema, chemosis in supero-nasal conjunctiva and normal intraocular pressure (IOP). B-scan of LE showed extrusion of the lens into the supero-nasal subconjunctival space called phacocele, and vitreous hemorrhage. Wound exploration was done with removal of expelled lens and the scleral wound was sutured with 6/0 vicryl, followed by 25G pars plana vitrectomy with fluid gas exchange. Secondary IOL implantation is planned in next visit.
NURSING STUDENTS’ DESIRE TO CARE FOR GERIATRIC PATIENTS IN LAHORE, PAKISTAN
Authors: Qumer Muhammad , Albert Anosh , Sarwar Hajra , Abdullahi Kabir Ozigi , Afzal Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Background: The rapidly expanding global population of elderly adults poses greater need for health-care services in the elderly. The objectives of this study were to determine nursing students’ desire to care for geriatric patients by sex, age groups and marital status in Lahore, Pakistan.

Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in Lahore School of Nursing, University of Lahore, Pakistan from September 2021-December 2021. Sample of 112 was enrolled. Nursing students’ desire to care for geriatric patients was research variable and sex, age groups (19-21 & 22-25 years) and marital status (single & married) were demographic variables. Mean, range, and SD were used to represent 'normal' data, whereas median, Q1, Q3, and IQR were used to explain skewed data with 95%CI. Hypotheses were tested using independent-samples t-test for normal data and one-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank test & Mann–Whitney U test for skewed data.

Results: The observed median score of the sample (3.1667) for nursing students’ desire to care for geriatric patients was statistically significantly lower (p=<0.0001) than expected (3.5) score. The mean score was similar (p=.60) for boys (3.1667) and girls (3.2328). It was higher (p=.003) in age group 21-25 (3.3150) than 19-21 years (3.0777). The median score was similar (p=.182) for single (3.1667) and married (3.0) nursing students.

Conclusion: In our population, the nursing students’ desire to care for geriatric patients was lower than expected. It was similar in boys and girls and in single and married students. It was higher in older than younger age group.
PREVALENCE OF RIFAMPICIN RESISTANCE AND PROBES IDENTIFICATION OF 81BP RRDR RPO-B GENE IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS OF DISTRICT BANNU, PAKISTAN
Authors: Khan Atif Ahmad , Khan Hafiz Ullah , Khan Zarak , Khan Ilyas , Rahim Adil , Rahman Asrar Ur , Ur-Rehman Qazi Nida , Roman Muhammad , Sajjad Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Background: Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in developing countries due to the emergence of drug resistance against conventional anti-tuberculosis drugs. Rifampicin is considered to be one of the most potent first-line anti-TB drugs but in most cases, it has lost its efficiency due to bacterial resistance. The objective of this study was to detect the prevalence of rifampicin-resistance and probe mutation in 81bp RRDR of the rpo-B gene in Pulmonary TB patients of District Bannu, Pakistan.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Bannu Medical College, Bannu from March 2021 to June 2021. The samples were collected for the period from January 2014 to December 2018 and the laboratory tests were performed at the District TB facility DHQ hospital Bannu, Pakistan. A total of 1965 sputum samples were processed by Xpert MTB/RIF assay using the standard N-Acetyl-L-cysteine–NaOH technique.

Results: Among total 1965 processed cases 1382 were MTB positive and the prevalence of rifampicin-resistant detected (RRD) cases among 1382(70.33%) MTB detected pulmonary isolates was 75(5.6%). The mutation detected in 81bp rpo-β Gene was highest in probe E; 42(56%) followed by B; 16(21%), D 09(12%), A 04(5.3%), C 2(2.66%) and B&D/E&D; 01(1.33%).

Conclusion: From the current study, it has been concluded that the prevalence of RRD in Bannu, Pakistan was 5.6% and the most common probe having the highest mutation rate was probe E; 56% followed by B; 21%, D; 12%, A; 5.3%, C; 2.66% and B&D/C&D; 1.33%.
METHOTREXATE TOXICITY AS MYELOSUPPRESSION IN 66-YEAR-OLD FEMALE WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN CHENNAI, TAMIL NADU, INDIA
Authors: Periyasamy Manimekalai , Manohar Arvindh
Published: July 2022

Methotrexate can cause a range of toxicities. It is usually not life threatening in low dose even when taken for long term. Life threatening complications are usually seen in high dose methotrexate therapy which could even lead to malignancies. Life threatening complications and adverse effects can be seen at any dose except for nephrotoxicity which is most commonly seen in high dose methotrexate treatment. This case report deals with a case of rheumatoid arthritis on long term methotrexate therapy, who unknowingly took excessive dosage of methotrexate leading to myelosuppression. Patient was treated with folinic acid (leucovorin) rescue, G-CSF and a prolonged isolation following which patient improved.
DISTRIBUTIONOF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS BY SEX, AGE GROUP AND TYPE OF BACTERIA IN POPULATION OF ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN
Authors: Zahideen Zahid Ul , Ullah Ubed , Ullah Imran , Javed Kiran , Azra Syeda
Published: July 2022

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections leading to significant morbidity, hospital admissions and cost. Our objectives were to determine the distribution of urinary tract infections by sex, age group and type of bacteria in population of Islamabad, Pakistan.

Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Nephrology, Khan Research laboratories Teaching Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan from June 2018 to May 2020. A sample of182 UTIs cases was selected from population at risk consecutively. Sex, age groups and type of bacteria were variables. All variables were nominal except age group which was ordinal. Distribution was analyzed by count, percentage and confidence intervals for proportion at 95%CL for population.

Results: Out of 182 patients with UTIs, 90 (49.45%) were men and 92 (50.55%) women, 19 (10.44%) were in age group 18-40 years, 75 (41.21%) in age group 41-60 years and 88 (48.35%) in age group of >60 years. Most common bacteria was Escherichia coli 116 (63.74%), followed by Klebsiella pneumonia 20 (10.99%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15 (8.24%), Enterococcus faecalis 15 (8.24%), Staphylococcus aureus 7 (3.85%), Proteus mirabilis 4 (2.20%), Acinetobacter 2(1.10%), Enterobacter 2 (1.10%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis 1 (0.54%).

Conclusion: In our population, the prevalence of UTIs was similar in men and women, while it was higher in age group >60 years, followed by 41-60 years and 18-40 years. The most common bacteria were E.coli, followed by K.pneumonia, P.aeruginosa, E.faecalis, S.aureus, P.mirabilis, Acinetobacter, Enterobacter and S.epidermidis.
Documentos, colecciones y centros de documentación
Authors: Domínguez Rubio Lucas
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo enfatiza la importancia historiográfica de conocer la ubicación de un documento dentro del corpus en que se conservó, y, entonces, también de tener en cuenta los particulares modos de conformación de estos repositorios para poder situar la documentación utilizada en una investigación histórica. En un segundo momento, esta afirmación lleva a una clasificación de los distintos tipos de acervos y modos en que se conservaron materiales para el estudio de las izquierdas, desde los acervos personales de militantes hasta los centros de documentación profesionales, mencionando varios problemas a lo largo de este proceso. Finalmente, con la bibliografía citada, insiste con la importancia de los centros de documentación como dadores de las condiciones de posibilidad de la investigación histórica.
PENGARUH PIKIRAN POSITIF TERHADAP KESEHATAN MENTAL: SUATU ANALISIS KONSEPTUAL
Authors: Hasan Maulana , Mud'is Hasan
Published: July 2022

Mental Health is a condition that should be taken care of like keeping the body healthy. This article aims to analyze the relationship between positive thinking and mental health maintenance. The research work carried out follows the conceptual analysis offered by Ludwig Wittgenstein's analytic philosophy. This article concludes that a healthy mind and mental health need to be maintained and harmonized at all times. As with taking care of the body, mental health must also be maintained starting from the way of daily activities and the way of thinking as well. Mental health is much influenced by the work of the brain and the brain certainly needs good nutrition. Through positive thinking to anyone and at any time, it can also make life happy and live with peace that can cause our mental health. Maintaining personal health also depends on the individual itself. So if you feel that something is not okay in you then you have to start doing something, because being happy is a person's choice. Keywords: Mental health, Happy,  Positive Thinking, Brain
Kompetensi, Komunikasi, Kedisiplinan, Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Krisnandi Herry , Saputra Nanda Agung
Published: July 2022

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the influence of competence, communication, discipline, and work environment on the performance of employees. Methodology This study uses quantitative methods with data collection techniques through distributing questionnaires. Sampling using simple random sampling technique. The total respondents in this study were 106 respondents. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression.  Findings The results of this study indicate that competence, communication, discipline, and work environment simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the performance of employees Suggestion Companies need to improve discipline, employee competence and improve working conditions and communication to improve employee performance.
Pengaruh Inflasi, Suku Bunga dan Rasio Keuangan terhadap Harga Saham
Authors: Maulani Denia , Riani Desmy
Published: July 2022

Purpose This study was conducted to see the extent of the influence of external factors on the rate of inflation, interest rates and internal factors by using the company's financial ratio indicators on the ratio of earnings per share (EPS), return on assets (ROA), price earning ratio (PER), debt to equity ratio (DER) and return on equity (ROE) for companies in the financial industry on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2015-2019. Methodology Testing is done by using panel data regression. The sampling technique used is by using purposive sampling. The objects in this study are companies listed in the financial industry on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2019 using panel data regression. Findings The research findings show that partially only EPS and PER variables have a positive and significant effect on stock prices. Simultaneously the inflation rate, interest rates, EPS, ROA, PER, DER and ROE have a significant effect on stock prices. Suggestion In further research, it can be tested using other variables that have a strong relationship with stock prices.
Oncological mortality of children in the territories of the Chelyabinsk region affected by radiation accidents
Authors: Konshina Lidiya G. , Lipanova Ludmila L.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The gain in cancer morbidity and mortality is one of the most adverse effects associated with elevated radiation levels. Children’s age, due to physiological characteristics, is differed by the highest radio sensitivity. Material and methods. A selective retrospective epidemiological study of cancer mortality rates in children living in five districts: Argayashsky, Kaslinsky, Krasnoarmeysky, Kunashaksky, Sosnovsky and two cities-Kasli, Kyshtym, whose population was most affected by accidents and regular emissions of the enterprise. The source of information about cases of death was the death records in the archives of the regional registry Office for the period 1947-1996, in total, about twenty five thousand records were processed. The data were standardized and compared with global and Russian indices. Results. There was a gain in mortality from malignant neoplasms, including leukemia, neoplasms of the lymphatic tissue, central nervous system, urinary organs and digestive organs. The mortality rates could exceed the comparison levels up to 2 or more times. The highest rates were found among children in city of Kasli and Kasli district, while a slightly smaller increase in mortality was observed in Kyshtym and Argayash districts. The maximum values were usually recorded in the initial observation period, and in the first 5 years after major emergencies. Significant changes in the structure of mortality were observed periodically. Limitations. The oncological mortality of children in 2 cities was studied by a continuous method and 5 districts of the Chelyabinsk region by a selective method. About 25,000 records were processed, including 207 records of the death of children from malignant neoplasms. Conclusion. In the radioactively contaminated territories of the Chelyabinsk region, over some periods, there are increased mortality rates of children from malignant neoplasms, in particular, from leukemia, lymphomas, tumors of the central nervous system, digestive organs and urinary organs.
Methodical peculiarities of air sampling for detecting contents of low molecular weight organic compounds on the example of furan and methylfuran
Authors: Ulanova Tatyana S. , Nurislamova Tatyana V. , Maltseva Olga A. , Popova Nina A.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Variable analytical control methodologies are applied in monitoring over contents of low molecular weight organic compounds in ambient air. Their unification is a vital and serious challenge requiring valid substantiation and selection of optimal air sampling techniques. Our research goal was to substantiate and select an air sampling technique for chemical analysis of furan and methylfuran. Materials and methods. Our research concentrated on developing and optimizing the process of air samples preparation for chemical analysis of furan and methylfuran; examining effectiveness of furan and methylfuran sorption-desorption using various sorbents. Standard furan and methylfuran samples (≥99.0% Sigma-Aldrich), heptane solvents, sorbent tubes with Tenax, Sylochrom C-120, and coal as sorbents were used in the research. All experimental studies were aimed at testing effective procedures for taking and preparing air samples for further furan and methylfuran analysis in them. They were performed on “Kristall-5000” gas chromatographer with mass-selective detection (MSD) and 25-meter long PoraPlotQ-capillary column. Results. We comparatively analyzed the results produced by taking air samples for further detection of furan and methylfuran in them using different techniques. They included low temperature concentration; sorption on filters made of quartz microfiber and a sorbent tube with Nenax TA; sorption on a tube with Tenax TA at t=20-25 °C. The analysis enabled us to reveal an effective procedure for taking ambient air samples for further detection of furan and methylfuran in them. This procedure was low temperature concentration of low molecular weight organic compounds on a sorbent tube with Tenax TA. Limitations. The accomplished study had no limitations. Conclusion. The accomplished study allows us to recommend taking air samples during 10 minutes with consumption being 0.1 l/min for further detection of furan and methylfuran in them using low temperature concentration on a sorbent tube with Tenax TA. The achieved effectiveness is 99.2% for furan and 100% for methylfuran.
Strandings of Longman’s beaked whale (Indopacetus pacificus) in the Philippines
Authors: Acebes Jo Marie , Yamada Tadasu , Poniente Jennifer , Matsuda Ayaka , Dolar Ma. Louella , Espiritu Marco , Tan Jose Ma. Lorenzo , Tan Jose Ma. Lorenzo , Santos Mudjekeewis
Published: July 2022

Longman’s beaked whale, Indopacetus pacificus, is one of the least known of all cetacean species. Its external appearance was only first described in the 21st century. Prior to 2004, the species was known from only six specimens. Although at least twenty more specimens were recovered from strandings since then, knowledge on the species is still very limited. In the Philippines, the first record of the species was confirmed through a stranding in Davao in 2004.  Sightings of Indopacetus pacificus alive at sea in the Philippines remain unconfirmed. Herein we account for all the strandings of the species in the Philippines and describe the specimens collected and their status based on examined stranding reports and actual examination of the specimens conducted by one or more co-authors.  To date, there are four confirmed strandings of the species, all sub-adult individuals, which occurred at four different sites: 1.) 5.73m male at Matina-Aplaya, Davao in 2004; 2.)  5.02m male at General Nakar, Quezon in 2016; 3.) 5.4m male at Gonzaga and 4.) 5.6m male at Sta. Ana, both in Cagayan Province in 2018. Three of the strandings occurred at northern Luzon, while one in southern Mindanao. Two out of four stranded alive but died shortly after. From three of these the skeleton, stomach contents and tissue samples were examined and collected. Squid beaks, squid eye lenses and fish eye lenses were found in the stomach. DNA analysis using mitochondrial CytB and COI sequences showed that the three (3) specimens were indeed I. pacificus.  The skeletal specimen collected from Sta. Ana, Cagayan is by far the most complete in the country and is probably in one of the best conditions in the world. For a cetacean species that is poorly known examination of stranded specimens offers a rare opportunity to collect information.  Hence, the importance of standardizing necropsy and stranding data collection protocols, training stranding first-responders and establishing a database are emphasized.
Фалсафий таълим тизими ривожланиши эволюциясининг айрим жиҳатлари
Authors: Мухтаров Уткиржон
Published: July 2022

Фалсафий таълимнинг ривожи инсоният тараққиёти билан узвий боғлиқ жараёндир. Фалсафий таълимни янада ривожлантиришда жамиятимиз тараққиётига муносиб ҳисса қўшган буюк мутафаккирлар ва алломаларни илмий-фалсафий меросини ҳар томонлама ўрганишга алоҳида эътибор бериш долзарб аҳамиятга эга. Шу боис, ушбу мақолада фалсафий таълим тушунчаси, фалсафа таълимининг тадрижий босқичлари буюк алломаларнинг илмий фалсафий меросини ўрганиш орқали таҳлил қилинган бўлиб, Ўзбекистонда фалсафий таълимни ривожлантиришдаги аҳамияти ёритиб берилган.
Analisis Butir Soal Penilaian Keterampilan Kebahasaan pada Pembelajaran Teks Eksplanasi Kelas XI
Authors: Nur Cahyo Ahmad , Luriawati Deby , Wagiran Wagiran
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas butir soal penilaian keterampilan kebahasaan yang dianalisis secara kualitatif serta akan merekonstruksi soal yang tidak memenuhi kriteria soal dan kesesuaian dengan validitas isi serta validitas konstruk. Penelitian ini dilakukan analisis kualitatif terhadap soal pilihan ganda teks nonsastra mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia.Analisis tersebut dilakukan mengacu kaidah penulisan soal pilihan ganda yang terdapat dalam Panduan Penilaian Kurikulum 2013 yang diterbitkan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Dalam Panduan Penilaian Kurikulum 2013 dijelaskan bahwa aspek yang diperhatikan di dalam penelaahan secara kualitatif adalah aspek materi, konstruksi, dan bahasa/budaya. Masing-masing aspek memiliki kriteria tertentu sehingga jumlah kriteria dalam melakukan analisis sebanyak 18 kriteria. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif.. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang ditemukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada soal Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran pada tiga sekolah pada kelas XI belum memenuhi standar kualitas yang baik, sehingga perlu adanya rekonstruksi.Sehingga, soal tersebut dapat lebih memenuhi standar kualitas pembelajaran yang sesuai.
HOSPITAL ACCREDITATION IN THE BRAZILIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Corvino Rodrigues Rodrigo , Rodrigues Franco Flaviane , Andrede Carbonezi Priscila de , Batista Azambuja Verônica , Marchetti Vivian , Magera Conceição Márcio
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Hospital accreditation aims to promote patient care and assistance and quality in the institution's sectors, aiming at process safety, integrated management and continuous improvement. Objective: to identify in Brazil in 2021 the types of establishments certified in the country, as well as their respective states, type of management and certification seals in force in the national territory. Method: Descriptive and retrospective study with a quantitative approach. The search was carried out on the website of the National Accreditation Organization in October 2021. Variables of interest were considered: types of accredited health establishments, types of certifications in force in the national territory, type of management of the accredited establishment, state and city of establishments. Results: The analyzes identified that in the month of October 2021 there are 906 certifications in the Brazilian territory. Of these, 760 (84%) of the accreditations in the national territory are private institutions and 337 (37.2%) are hospital institutions. As for the certification seal, 201 (22.1%) of the institutions are accredited (level I) and 341 (37.6%) are located in the state of São Paulo. Conclusions: It was possible to obtain a view of the accreditation certifications in force in Brazil through their characterization, in order to visualize which types of seals, establishments and states are covered with health establishments committed to quality and excellence in care.
Evaluation of 3T proton MR spectroscopy in the spinal cord – preliminary results
Authors: Wawrzyniak Pawel , Hebda Anna , Heinze Sylwia , Bobek-Billewicz Barbara
Published: July 2022

Introduction

1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) is a non-invasive technique that provides information on tissue metabolism and biochemistry. Because of technical difficulties, this method is rarely used in spinal cord examination. The main goal of this study was to develop a routine protocol for MRS of intramedullary lesions.

Material and methods

A 1H-MRS protocol was set on a group of healthy volunteers. Forty-eight spectra were acquired in total. Thirty of them were acquired in cervical spinal cord, and the remaining 18 spectra were acquired in the thoracic spinal cord.

Results

In 1H-MRS of the spinal cord one of the most important problems is small voxel size. Mean voxel size in this study was 7 × 9 × 29 mm, which is much smaller than in brain examinations. Finally, almost 60% of spectra were of acceptable quality in volunteer examinations, which enabled the subsequent examinations.

Conclusions

Challenges of spinal cord spectroscopy were discussed, and the ability of providing additional diagnostic information was proven.
KEBIJAKAN PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Selamet  , Supiana  , Yuliati Zaqiah Qiqi
Published: July 2022

Kurikulum merupakan komponen terpenting dalam pendidikan. Pengembangan kurikulum dalam pendidikan Islam merupakan sebuah keniscayaan, karena perubahan pasti terjadi mengikuti zamannya. Maka tujuan penulisan ini akan mengkaji terkait kebijakan pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Islam khususnya di Indonesia dengan memperhatikan sejarah dan regulasi yang berlaku. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode library research dengan pendekatan content analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kurikulum pendidikan Islam dalam tinjauan sejarah dari masa kemerdekaan hingga era reformasi terus mengalami perubahan sesuai dengan kondisi dan kebutuhan. Pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Islam terbagi atas 3 masa; yaitu pertama, masa orde lama, terjadi 3 kali perubahan yaitu kurikulum tahun 1947, 1952, dan kurikulum 1964; kedua, masa orde baru, terjadi 4 kali perubahan yaitu kurikulum 1968, 1975, 1984, dan Kurikulum 1994; ketiga, masa reformasi, tejadi 3 kali perubahan yaitu kurikulum 2004 (KBK), Kurikulum 2006 (KTSP), kurikulum 2013 yang dipakai hingga kini. Sedangkan dalam tinjauan regulasi kurikulum pendidikan islam terdapat 4 kategori yakni: pertama, regulasi kurikulum madrasah mengikuti UU nomor 20 tahun 2003 tentang sistem pendidikan nasional; kedua, regulasi kurikulum pesantren mengikuti UU nomor 18 tahun 2019 tentang Pesantren; ketiga, regulasi kurikulum perguruan tinggi keagamaan Islam menginduk UU nomor 12 tahun 2012 tentang pendidikan tinggi; dan keempat, regulasi kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam untuk sekolah/kampus umum menginduk UU nomor 20 tahun 2003.
Response to “Outdated Criteria for Drug Plan Reimbursement Obstruct Evidence-Based Care” Editorial in CMAJ
Authors: CADTH
Published: July 2022

The authors of an editorial published in CMAJ made 3 recommendations to incorporate new evidence into health technology assessments after the initial regulatory approval stage: incorporate automatic times for review or regular reviews of evidence, accept non-sponsor submissions, and audit prescribing for nonadherence to restricted drugs.
This response to the editorial outlines existing and new evolving initiatives at CADTH to address each of the 3 recommendations.
Multiple Prosthetic Sockets for Lower Limb Amputations
Authors: Young Calvin , Mahood Quenby
Published: July 2022

Clinicians may provide people being fitted for a prosthesis with temporary test prosthetic sockets to solicit feedback on their shape and comfort. The feedback can then be incorporated into the final design of the prosthesis, allowing customization based on the individual’s experience.

Limited evidence suggests that providing people with lower limb amputation a test socket before fitting a permanent socket may improve mobility and function, pain while walking, and prosthetic satisfaction, as well as decrease the frequency of admissions.

One guideline recommends the postoperative use of a prosthesis as soon as possible after transtibial amputation and that custom-made prostheses are preferable to prefabricated prostheses.

Additional high-quality evidence is needed to better understand the most appropriate use of multiple prosthetic sockets in people with lower limb amputation.
Expression and functional analysis of GnRH at the onset of puberty in sheep
Authors: Zhang Jihu , Wang Chenguang , Li Xiaojun , Zhang Yongjie , Xing Feng
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a key factor at the onset
of puberty. This decapeptide has been found in mammalian ovaries, but its
regulatory mechanism in the ovary of sheep at the onset of puberty is not
clear. This study investigated the coding sequence (CDS) of the GnRH gene in the
ovary of Duolang sheep and the expression of GnRH mRNA in different tissues at
the onset of puberty, and analyzed the effect of GnRH on ovarian granulosa
cells (GCs) of Duolang sheep. The results showed that the GnRH CDS of sheep was
cloned, the full length of the GnRH CDS in sheep ovary was 279 bp, and the
nucleotide sequence was completely homologous to that in the hypothalamus. The
expression of GnRH mRNA was highest in the hypothalamus and ovary. The expression of
related hormones and receptors in GCs of Duolang sheep treated with
different concentrations of GnRH for 24 h was affected. GnRH
significantly inhibited LH synthesis and LHR expression in GCs. Low
concentration (100 ng mL−1) had the most obvious therapeutic effect on follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and
FSHR. Higher concentration (250 ng mL−1) significantly promoted estradiol and
ERβ mRNA. These findings provide strong evidence that ovarian GnRH is
an important regulatory factor at the onset of puberty in sheep.
Sexual performance and semen quality of pubertal lambs treated with different weaning methods
Authors: Ledezma-Torres Rogelio Alejandro , Sánchez-Dávila Fernando , Rodríguez-Miranda Diana Aimé , Luna-Palomera Carlos , Grizelj Juraj , Vázquez-Armijo José Fernando , López-Villalobos Nicolás
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the weaning method on lamb stress, body weight, sexual behavior, and semen quality of Saint Croix male lambs. The present study was carried out during the late spring and summer of 2018 in the northeast of Mexico. Sixty male lambs born as twins or triplets (3.2 ± 0.6 kg birth weight) and weaned at 60 d of age (19.21 ± 1.8 kg weaning weight) were divided into two weaning methods: complete separation from the dams (CS; the lambs were moved to a pen that was at 500 m of distance from the dams) and separation with contact from the dams (SCD); the lambs were physically separated by a steel mesh that prevented the lambs from having the possibility of sucking milk from their mothers, but they maintained permanent visual and auditory contact. Cortisol levels were determined 3 d before and 7 d after weaning. Lambs were evaluated as 3-month-old lambs for sexual behavior and semen quality for 9 weeks. The effects of the weaning method (M), week (W), and the interaction M × W were significant on body weight and cortisol levels (P<0.001). The SCD lambs had higher cortisol levels at 3, 5, and 7 d after weaning than CS lambs (P<0.001). The CS lambs had higher body weight during the first 4 weeks after weaning than SCD lambs (P<0.001). The weaning method had no effect on scrotal circumference, sexual behavior, and semen quality traits, except for progressive sperm motility, being better for the lambs that were completely separated (P<0.05). The results from this study show that complete separation of lambs and ewes at weaning is an effective method to reduce lamb stress and improve lamb growth after weaning, but it did not have long-term effects on sexual behavior and semen quality of Saint Croix male lambs.
Automated identification of local contamination in remote atmospheric composition time series
Authors: Beck Ivo , Angot Hélène , Baccarini Andrea , Dada Lubna , Quéléver Lauriane , Jokinen Tuija , Laurila Tiia , Lampimäki Markus , Bukowiecki Nicolas , Boyer Matthew , Gong Xianda , Gysel-Beer Martin , Petäjä Tuukka , Wang Jian , Schmale Julia
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Atmospheric observations in remote locations offer a possibility of exploring trace gas and particle concentrations in pristine environments. However,
data from remote areas are often contaminated by pollution from local
sources. Detecting this contamination is thus a central and frequently
encountered issue. Consequently, many different methods exist today to
identify local contamination in atmospheric composition measurement time
series, but no single method has been widely accepted. In this study, we
present a new method to identify primary pollution in remote atmospheric
datasets, e.g., from ship campaigns or stations with a low background signal compared to the contaminated signal. The pollution detection algorithm (PDA) identifies and flags periods of polluted data in five steps. The first and most important step identifies polluted periods based on the derivative (time derivative) of a concentration over time. If this derivative exceeds a given threshold, data are flagged as polluted. Further pollution
identification steps are a simple concentration threshold filter, a
neighboring points filter (optional), a median, and a sparse data filter (optional). The PDA only relies on the target dataset itself and is
independent of ancillary datasets such as meteorological variables. All
parameters of each step are adjustable so that the PDA can be “tuned” to
be more or less stringent (e.g., flag more or fewer data points as contaminated). The PDA was developed and tested with a particle number concentration
dataset collected during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the
Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition in the central Arctic. Using strict settings, we identified 62 % of the data as influenced by local
contamination. Using a second independent particle number concentration
dataset also collected during MOSAiC, we evaluated the performance of the
PDA against the same dataset cleaned by visual inspection. The two methods
agreed in 94 % of the cases. Additionally, the PDA was successfully
applied to a trace gas dataset (CO2), also collected during MOSAiC, and to another particle number concentration dataset, collected at the high-altitude background station Jungfraujoch, Switzerland. Thus, the PDA
proves to be a useful and flexible tool to identify periods affected by
local contamination in atmospheric composition datasets without the need for ancillary measurements. It is best applied to data representing primary
pollution. The user-friendly and open-access code enables reproducible application to a wide suite of different datasets. It is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5761101 (Beck et al., 2021).