bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internet of things with NodeMCU ESP8266 for MPX-5700AP sensor-based LPG pressure monitoring
Authors: Sutikno Tole , Ar-Rasyid Muhamad Haikal , Wahono Tri , Arsadiando Watra
Published: September 2023

The use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cylinders as fuel has become a basic need for the community. LPG is more efficient than oil stoves, but LPG also poses a danger. The dangers contained in gas cylinders cause users to be afraid to check the availability of gas in cylinders because the checking process must be directly close to the gas cylinder. Because of this danger, users do not check gas availability, causing it to run out of gas when cooking. To solve this problem, a system is needed to detect the availability of LPG contents, which can be monitored remotely so that users will feel safe because they are not close to gas cylinders. The condition of gas cylinder availability can be remotely monitored using the internet of things (IoT) method. Therefore, an IoT-based LPG pressure monitoring tool was designed. A tool designed using the MPX-5700AP sensor is useful for detecting gas pressure values in LPG cylinders. IoT is used to monitor LPG pressure using the Blynk application. The buzzer module is a tool for sending sound signals as information on the condition of gas cylinders. The NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller processes and sends data to the Blynk application. System testing is carried out in three conditions: full, close to empty, and empty. The results of this test showed an error value of 3.41% and an accuracy rate of 96.59%.
Changes in the Attributes and Consumer Preferences of Hungarian Hallyu Fans
Authors: Gajzágó Éva Judit
Published: September 2023

The popularity of Korean culture has increased significantly in the last two decades. This process in general is called ‘Hallyu’. The success of it is based on the professional marketing activity of companies, which use exceptional strategies and activities to reach and motivate their customers. This article introduces the diffusion of the culture of South Korea in Hungary, focusing on the specific marketing aspect of consumer behaviour. The author implemented two pieces of scientific research—one in 2018 and another one in 2022—examining this topic. Comparing the results of the two pieces of research gives an opportunity to examine the changes in the diffusion of Hallyu in this country. The fans of Korea and its culture are a relatively small group in Hungarian society but have specific consumer attributes. Hallyu content (such as music, films, and TV series) consumption is fan based, and the behaviour of customers has specific feature, such as the active usage of social media or a strong interest in other Korean products. Hungarian fans have other unique attributes, like enthusiasm and a close relationship with the Korean language, or the emphasis of personal communication. The article introduces these specialities in detail.
The Intersections of Knowledge: Hobbes, Mersenne, Descartes
Authors: Ariew Roger
Published: September 2023

Gregorio Baldin’s book, La croisée des savoirs, concerns the intellectual relations among Hobbes, Mersenne, and Descartes. The study is limited to the time between 1634 and 1648, starting when Hobbes first met Mersenne in Paris and ending when Mersenne died. It covers three main topics. Part i is devoted to the relations maintained by Hobbes with the circle of Mersenne during 1634–1636, which Baldin thinks are essential for the development of Hobbes’ scientific thought. Part ii develops the theme of the “hidden” influence of Mersenne on Hobbes’ thought, highlighting points of contact between the two authors, such as mechanism, research in optics, and their approach to epistemology. Part iii concerns Hobbes’ influence on Mersenne’s thought. It addresses several themes, starting with Mersenne’s interest in Hobbes’ system, the attitudes of Mersenne, Gassendi, and Hobbes toward Cartesian metaphysics, and ending with scientific themes debated in Mersenne’s circle during the 1640s.
Regulation of the Legal Profession in China: A Historical Overview
Authors: Ohnesorge John
Published: September 2023

Understanding a legal system requires understanding of its legal service providers. The Chinese legal system has undergone major transformations since the late nineteenth century, and a series of approaches to regulating China’s lawyers has accompanied those transformations. This article offers a historical overview of those approaches, discussing the regulation of the Chinese legal profession and the foreign lawyers operating in the Chinese environment. The Chinese legal profession has never achieved significant self-regulation or autonomy from the state, and, during the Mao era (1949–1976) it was nearly obliterated. In the late 1970s, China began to rehabilitate its legal profession and create a space in which foreign law firms can operate legally. To a remarkable degree, that effort succeeded: Chinese law firms now operate around the world, and many major international firms operate successfully in China. In the first decade of the twenty-first century, there were signs that China’s leaders were willing to allow the legal system more autonomy and that part of that would comprise liberalizing the regulation of the legal profession. Instead, under Xi Jinping (China’s leader since 2012), political control over the Chinese legal profession has tightened, and foreign firms face new regulations that make it increasingly difficult for them to operate successfully. Going forward, Chinese firms might be supported to the extent they further the Xi regime’s economic aspirations, but they will be subject to closer oversight by the Chinese Communist Party. Foreign firms are no longer considered necessary for China’s economic rise, and they will be able to remain in China only if they are willing to abide by significant new restrictions.
Subseasonal Predictability of Early and Late Summer Rainfall over East Asia
Authors: Li Xiaojing
Published: September 2023

Considering the significant differences in the rainfall characteristics over East Asia between the early [May–June (MJ)] and late [July–August (JA)] summer, this study investigates the subseasonal predictability of the rainfall over East Asia in early and late summer, respectively. Distinctions are obvious for both the spatial distribution of the prediction skill and the most predictable patterns, that is, the leading pattern of the average predictable time (APT1) between the MJ and JA rainfall. Further analysis found that the distinct APT1s of MJ and JA rainfall are attributable to their different predictability sources. The predictability of the MJ rainfall APT1 is mainly from the boreal intraseasonal oscillation signal, whereas that of the JA rainfall APT1 is provided by the Pacific–Japan teleconnection pattern. This study sheds light on the temporal variation of predictability sources of summer precipitation over East Asia, offering a possibility to improve the summer precipitation prediction skill over East Asia through separate predictions for early and late summer, respectively.
Predictors of postpartum depression and its association with sleep quality among mothers in Qassim, Saudi Arabia: A descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Aljhani Sumayah A , Almeshal Razan A , Almeshal Emtenan A , Alofea Alhanuf M , Alenizi Adim S
Published: September 2023

Objective

This cross-sectional study aims to examine the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) and sleep problems, their relationship, and the characteristics associated with depression/insomnia in Qassim, Saudi Arabia.

Methods

An online survey was administered to a convenience sample of 395 mothers who had given birth within the preceding year. The survey comprised demographic characteristics, pregnancy and childbirth characteristics, depression (via the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; EPDS), and sleep quality (via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PSQI).

Results

Nearly two-thirds of respondents (62.3%) had PPD, while 92.2% experienced poor sleep quality. Both scales demonstrated a statistically significant positive correlation. Participants with previous PPD, peripartum depression, a personal or family history of other depression, those bottle-feeding their infants, or who had a change in sleep pattern scored significantly higher on the EPDS and had poorer PSQI scores. Respondents with a history of mental illness, pregnancy or delivery complications, those who lacked support, or gave birth to unhealthy newborns also had significantly higher EPDS scores.

Conclusions

PPD and poor sleep quality were highly prevalent among mothers living in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Not surprisingly, PPD was strongly correlated with poor sleep quality. Postpartum counseling for mothers during the first year after delivery is necessary to decrease the risk of developing depressive symptoms and poor sleep quality. Screening for sleep-related difficulties and depression in prenatal and postnatal programs may help prevent the development of depressive disorder among postpartum women in this region of Saudi Arabia (or other areas of the Middle East).
Can We Counteract Hate? Effects of Online Hate Speech and Counter Speech on the Perception of Social Groups
Authors: Schäfer Svenja , Rebasso Isabella , Boyer Ming Manuel , Planitzer Anna Maria
Published: September 2023

Hate speech can increase stereotyped thinking and social distancing in a society. However, there is still a lack of variety in the social groups under study and research into possible solutions to the problem. Thus, our aim is to (1) study effects of hate speech against Chinese people and transgender people and (2) to investigate if counter speech can offset the detrimental effects of hate speech. We conducted a pre-registered online experiment with a 2 × 3 between-subject design, varying the attacked group (Chinese people/transgender people) and the type of comments (neutral/hate speech/hate speech and counter speech) for an Austrian sample ( n = 1285). Findings reveal no effect of hate speech on the dependent variables, indicating that citizens might not be as vulnerable to hate speech after all. However, counter speech has a polarizing effect: attitudinal gaps and differences for social distancing increase between left-wing and right-wing participants if hate speech is countered.
Study on roof breaking mechanism and support stability of steeply dipping seam and large mining height
Authors: Hu Bosheng , Xie Panshi , Huang Baofa , Wu Yongping , Chen Jianjie
Published: September 2023

Taking the steeply dipping and large mining height working face of a mine as the engineering background, through the combination of physical simulation experiment, numerical calculation, theoretical analysis and field monitoring, based on a comprehensive analysis of the deformation and failure characteristics of the macrostructure of surrounding rock, the roof breaking mechanism and support instability characteristics of large mining height working face under the angle effect are studied. The research shows that due to the influence of the dip angle of the coal seam, the roof stress is asymmetrically deflected along the tendency, and the load of the overlying strata is transmitted to the upper and lower coal bodies with the stress-deflection boundary as the boundary, resulting in the deformation and failure of the roof and the filling showing obvious asymmetric characteristics. With the increase of dip angle, the asymmetric characteristics of roof stress transfer are enhanced, the stress release arch is reduced, the height of caving zone is reduced, the deformation and failure area is gradually moved up, and the regional characteristics of roof loading and deformation and failure are more obvious, which leads to the significant increase of unbalanced loading degree and instability probability of supports in different areas. Combined with the actual production, the prevention and control measures of hard roof caving and support crushing in fully mechanized mining face with steeply dipping seam and large mining height are put forward.
A Prospective Cohort Study of Medical Decision-Making Roles and Their Associations with Patient Characteristics and Patient-Reported Outcomes among Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Ozdemir Semra , Lee Jia Jia , Yeo Khung Keong , Sim Kheng Leng David , Finkelstein Eric Andrew , Malhotra Chetna
Published: September 2023

Objective

Among patients with heart failure (HF), we examined 1) the evolution of patient involvement in decision making over 2 y, 2) the association of patient characteristics with decision-making roles, and 3) the association of decision-making roles with distress, spiritual well-being, and quality of physician communication.

Methods

We administered the survey every 4 mo over 24 mo to patients with New York Heart Association class 3/4 symptoms recruited from inpatient clinics. The decision-making roles were categorized as no patient involvement, physician/family-led, joint (with family and/or physicians), patient-led, or patient-alone decision making. The associations between patient characteristics and decision-making roles were assessed using a mixed-effects ordered logistic regression, whereas those between patient outcomes and decision-making roles were investigated using mixed-effects linear regressions.

Results

Of the 557 patients invited, 251 participated in the study. The most common roles in decision making at baseline assessment were “no involvement” (27.53%) and “patient-alone decision making” (25.10%). The proportions of different decision-making roles did not change over 2 y ( P = 0.37). Older age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.97; P = 0.003) and being married (OR = 0.63; P = 0.035) were associated with lower involvement in decision making. Chinese ethnicity (OR = 1.91; P = 0.003), higher education (OR = 1.87; P = 0.003), awareness of terminal condition (OR = 2.00; P < 0.001), and adequate self-care confidence (OR = 1.74; P < 0.001) were associated with greater involvement. Compared with no patient involvement, joint (β = −0.58; P = 0.026) and patient-led (β = −0.59; P = 0.014) decision making were associated with lower distress, while family/physician-led (β = 4.37; P = 0.001), joint (β = 3.86; P < 0.001), patient-led (β = 3.46; P < 0.001), and patient-alone (β = 3.99; P < 0.001) decision making were associated with better spiritual well-being.

Conclusion

A substantial proportion of patients was not involved in decision making. Patients should be encouraged to participate in decision making since it is associated with lower distress and better spiritual well-being.

Highlights

The level of involvement in medical decision making did not change over time among patients with heart failure. A substantial proportion of patients were not involved in decision making throughout the 24-mo study period. Patients’ involvement in decision making varied by age, ethnicity, education level, marital status, awareness of the terminal condition, and confidence in self-care. Compared with no patient involvement in decision making, joint and patient-led decision making were associated with lower distress, and any level of patient involvement in decision making was associated with better spiritual well-being.
Monetary architecture and the Green Transition
Authors: Murau Steffen , Haas Armin , Guter-Sandu Andrei
Published: September 2023

How to finance the Green Transition toward net-zero carbon emissions remains an open question. The literature either operates within a market-failure paradigm that calls for carbon taxes or cap-and-trade to help markets correct themselves, or via war finance analogies that offer a “triad” of state intervention possibilities: taxation, treasury borrowing, and central bank money creation. These frameworks often lack a thorough conceptualization of endogenous credit money creation and disregard the systemic and procedural dimensions of financing the Green Transition. We propose “Monetary Architecture” as a more comprehensive framework that perceives the monetary and financial system as a constantly evolving and historically specific hierarchical web of interlocking balance sheets. Using the United States as a case study, we stress the importance of a systemic financing dimension that uses all available elasticity space in the monetary architecture while considering a division of labor between firefighting balance sheets such as central banks or treasuries and workhorse balance sheets such as off-balance-sheet fiscal agencies or shadow banks. Procedurally, public workhorses should provide an initial balance sheet expansion and crowd in the rest of the monetary architecture, notably shadow banks, for long-term funding. Firefighters should prevent systemic instability and manage a possible final contraction.
Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume Assessments by Transthoracic Echocardiography and Pulse index Continuous Cardiac Output Monitor in Critically ill Adult Patients: A Comparative Study
Authors: Gomes Flávia K.A. , Fagundes Antônio A. de P. , Amorim Fábio F.
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Bedside transthoracic echocardiography (TTEcho) is a noninvasive cardiac output (CO) monitoring method that has grown recently. However, there are questions regarding its accuracy compared to invasive methods. We aimed to evaluate the agreement and correlation of TTEcho and pulse index continuous CO (PiCCO) monitor measurements for CO and systolic volume (SV) in critically ill patients.

Methods

This prospective experimental study included consecutive adult patients who required invasive hemodynamic monitoring admitted at an intensive care unit in the Federal District, Brazil, from January/2019 to January/2021. Correlation and agreement between SV and CO measurements by PiCCO and TTEcho were performed using the Spearman correlation and the Bland–Altman analysis.

Results

The study enrolled 29 patients, with adequate TTEcho evaluations in all patients. There were very strong correlations between CO-TTEcho and CO-PiCCO ( r = 0.845, P < .001) and SV-TTEcho and SV-PiCCO ( r = 0.800, P < .001). TTEcho estimations for CO and SV were feasible within the limits of agreement in 96.6% (28/29) compared to PiCCO. The mean difference between CO-PiCCO and CO-TTEcho was 0.250 L/min (limits of agreement: −1.083 to 1.583 L/min, percentage error: 21.0%), and between SV-PiCCO and SV-TTEcho was 2.000 mL (limits of agreement: −16.960 to 20.960, percentage error: 24.3%). The reduced cardiac index (CI) measurements by TTEcho showed an accuracy of 89.7% (95% IC: 72.6%–97.8%) and an F1 score of 92.7% (95% IC: 75.0%–98.0%), considering the CI-PiCCO as the gold standard.

Conclusion

Echocardiographic measurements of CO and SV are comparable to measurements by PiCCO. These results reinforce echocardiography as a reliable tool to evaluate hemodynamics in critically ill patients.
Veterans Treatment Courts: An Exploratory Analysis of the Effect of Veteran Mentors
Authors: Gerhardt T. Freeman , Carlson Melissa , Moore Kathleen A. , Young M. Scott
Published: September 2023

Few studies have investigated the effect of mentorship on participants’ clinical or criminal justice outcomes in veterans treatment courts (VTCs). This study is an exploratory analysis of a VTC in Hillsborough County, Florida. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to examine behavioral health changes between baseline and follow-up and compare participants with/without a mentor. Post hoc analyses explored the effect of mentorship on graduation and re-arrest rates. Participants with a mentor had significant improvements in mental health, trauma, substance use, and social support; and significantly higher levels of positive social interaction than those without a mentor. Mentor status was not meaningfully related to graduation and re-arrest rates in bivariate analyses, but post hoc analyses found that social support mediated the relationship between mentor satisfaction and re-arrest and graduation rates.
Ethical issues in the operating room: A scoping review
Authors: Jeon Heejung , Kim Sanghee , Shon Yuha
Published: September 2023

Background

For the patients receiving care in the operating room, it emphasizes that the ethical behavior and attitude of health professionals should be aligned with patients’ basic human rights. Surgical ethics may provide an ethical alternative in a specific operating room context. However, it is unclear how actively research is being conducted in this regard.

Aim

This study determines the direction of future research by identifying ethical issues experienced in the operating room.

Method

This scoping review is based on the methodological framework suggested by Arksey and O’Malley in 2005. PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, WOS, Cochrane, KISS, and KMbase databases were searched from January 2012 to May 2022. Two researchers independently screened the searched articles by reviewing the titles, abstracts, and full texts. Consequently, 19 studies were selected.

Findings

Five categories were identified: Professional ethics, Organizational ethics, Patients’ rights, Patient safety, and Allocating resources. The derived categories covered all the same content as the International Council of Nurses’ (ICN) code of ethics, with the exception of one element, that is, global health.

Conclusions

This study highlights ethical issues in the operating theatre and emphasizes the need for individual and organizational strategies aligned with the ICN code of ethics. Future research should cover a wider range of issues, employ diverse perspectives and methodologies, and enhance ethical practices to improve understanding and ethical practices in the field.
Effectiveness of Adolescent School-Based Digital Mental Health Interventions: A Systematic Review
Authors: Abura-Meerdink Gloria Akello , Albright David L.
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This review aimed to investigate the effectiveness of digital school-based mental health interventions for adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa. Method: The authors conducted a comprehensive search of digital school-based mental health interventions to identify studies conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa targeting adolescents between the ages of (10–19) years. Peer-reviewed studies published in English between 2009 and May 2023 were obtained through electronic bibliographic databases. Result: Only one study met the full inclusion criteria for this review. The included study tested a digital mental health intervention (“Shamiri Digital”) for treating depression, anxiety, and well-being in adolescents. The “Shamiri Digital” intervention demonstrated positive outcomes on depressive symptoms within the full sample. Discussion: The dearth of studies investigating digital mental health solutions for adolescents in low-income countries demonstrates a critical gap in intervention and research for adolescent mental health in resource constrictive settings
Assessing Health Care Utilization and Spending Among Older Medicare Beneficiaries With and Without HIV
Authors: Turrini Gina , Chan Stephanie S. , Klein Pamela W. , Cohen Stacy M. , Stearns Sally C. , Dempsey Antigone , Hauck Heather , Cheever Laura W. , Chappel Andre R.
Published: September 2023

Improvements in treatment have made HIV a manageable chronic condition, leading to increased life expectancy and a growing share of people with HIV who are older. Older people with HIV have higher rates of many chronic conditions, yet little is known about differences in health care utilization and spending. This study compared health care utilization and spending for Medicare beneficiaries with and without HIV, accounting for differential mortality. The data included demographic characteristics and claims-based information. Estimated cumulative spending for beneficiaries with HIV aged 67 to 77 years was 26% higher for Medicare Part A and 39% higher for Medicare Part B compared with beneficiaries without HIV; most of these differences would be larger if not for greater mortality risk among people with HIV (and therefore fewer years to receive care). Future research should disentangle underlying causes for this increased need and describe potential responses by policymakers and health care providers.
Chloroxylenol
Authors: Cherian Priya , Bergfeld Wilma F. , Belsito Donald V. , Cohen David E. , Klaassen Curtis D. , Liebler Daniel C. , Rettie Allan E , Ross David , Slaga Thomas J. , Snyder Paul W. , Tilton Susan , Fiume Monice , Heldreth Bart
Published: September 2023

The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed updated information that has become available since their original assessment from 1985, along with updated information regarding product types, and frequency and concentrations of use, and reaffirmed their original conclusion that Chloroxylenol is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the practices of use and concentration as described in this report.
The Promise of Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions for Organizational Scholarship and Practice: Conceptual Development and Research Agenda
Authors: Zhu Ze , Aitken John A. , Dalal Reeshad S. , Kaplan Seth A.
Published: September 2023

Organizational researchers are now making widespread use of ecological momentary assessments but have not yet taken the logical next step to ecological momentary interventions, also called Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs). JITAIs have the potential to test within-person causal theories and maximize practical benefits to participants through two developmental phases: The microrandomized trial and the randomized controlled trial, respectively. In the microrandomized trial design, within-person randomization and experimental manipulation maximize internal validity at the within-person level. In the randomized controlled trial design, interventions are delivered in a timely and ecological manner while avoiding unnecessary and ill-timed interventions that potentially increase participant fatigue and noncompliance. Despite these potential advantages, the development and implementation of JITAIs require consideration of many conceptual and methodological factors. Given the benefits of JITAIs, but also the various considerations involved in using them, this review introduces organizational behavior and human resources researchers to JITAIs, provides guidelines for JITAI design, development, and evaluation, and describes the extensive potential of JITAIs in organizational behavior and human resources research.
2023 AAFP/IAAHPC feline hospice and palliative care guidelines
Authors: Eigner Diane R , Breitreiter Katrina , Carmack Tyler , Cox Shea , Downing Robin , Robertson Sheilah , Rodan Ilona
Published: September 2023

The ‘2023 AAFP/IAAHPC Feline Hospice and Palliative Care Guidelines’ are authored by a Task Force of experts in feline hospice and palliative care convened by the American Association of Feline Practitioners and the International Association for Animal Hospice and Palliative Care. They emphasize the specialized communication skills and ethical considerations that are associated with feline hospice and palliative care, with references to other feline practice guidelines for a more complete discussion of specific diseases, feline pain management best practices and cat friendly interactions. A comprehensive, multi-step hospice consultation allows for tailoring the approach to both the cat and the family involved in the care. The consultation includes establishing ‘budgets of care’, a concept that greatly influences what can be done for the individual cat. The Guidelines acknowledge that each cat and caregiver will be different in this regard; and establishing what is reasonable, practical and ethical for the individual cat and caregiver is important. A further concept of the ‘care unit’ is introduced, which is extrapolated from human hospice and palliative care, and encourages and empowers the caregiver to become a part of the cat’s care every step of the way. Ethical considerations include a decision-making framework. The importance of comfort care is emphasized, and the latest information available about how to assess the quality of a cat’s life is reviewed. Emotional health is as equally important as physical health. Hence, it is fundamental to recognize that compromised physical health, with pain and/or illness, impairs emotional health. A limited discussion on euthanasia is included, referring to the AAFP’s End of Life Educational Toolkit for recommendations to help the caregiver and the veterinary professional ensure a peaceful passing and transition - one that reflects the best interests of the individual cat and caregiver.
Gender identity from a dialogical and semiotic cultural perspective
Authors: Obando Juliane , Branco Angela Uchoa
Published: September 2023

Contrary to common sense and the heteronormative thought that “man is born a man” and “woman is born a woman”, the construction of a gender/sexual identity can be seen as an intensely dynamic process involving the internalization and externalization of collective and individual meanings, enclosing a crucial importance for the development of subjects. The present article addresses the issue from a dialogical and Semiotic Cultural Psychology approaches, in their relationship with other theoretical discussions concerning the subject of gender/sexual identity processes. Numerous are the debates about gender/sexual identities in present-day sociocultural contexts, but the topic requires a systemic, all-inclusive analysis of sociocultural structures, practices, and the dynamics between micro, meso and macro cultural levels, in interaction with the active role of subjectivity. We then propose a new construct within the framework of a Dialogical Self Theoretical approach designated as Irradiating Self Positioning, to better explain the power of gender/sexual dimensions within the Dialogical Self. Knowledge so constructed may contribute to making sense of developmental issues concerning the subject, and this may support the full acceptance of sexual and gender diversities in our societies.
The impact of review sentiments on occupancy: Evidence for signalling theory from peer-to-peer accommodation
Authors: Sahadev Sunil , Seiler Andreas , Scarf Phil
Published: September 2023

Using data from 16,144 peer-to-peer properties in London, we study the impact of the two components of user-generated content – rating and sentiment – on occupancy rate. Our methodology is innovative because, firstly, we control for price variation when estimating these review-occupancy effects and secondly, we estimate interaction and curvilinear effects. We find that sentiment and rating have significant positive effects on occupancy rate; there is some evidence that sentiment and rating interact, one reinforcing the other; for a typical property among those analysed, an outstanding review increases occupancy by a fifth in relative terms. Thus, we interpret these associations as evidence that rating and sentiment signal value, and we estimate the strength of the signal in the peer-to-peer accommodation sector.
Nuances of fragmentation, (mis)recognition and closeness: Narratives of challenges and support during resettlement
Authors: Koffeld-Hamidane Sylvia , Schinkel Marguerite , Andvig Ellen , Karlsson Bengt
Published: September 2023

The transition from prison to society tends to be tough and painful for people in resettlement and challenging to facilitate for professionals. The Norwegian Correctional Services aim for a continuous reentry focus throughout the prison sentence. Norway has been presented as one of the Nordic exceptional penal states, partly based on ‘the encouraging pattern of officer-inmate interactions’. However, this exceptional picture has been criticized for paying more attention to discourse than to lived experiences. As newly released persons’ experiences of interaction and relationships with staff and of how these facilitate and frustrate their reentry processes have largely been ignored, this article draws attention to their perspectives. Inspired by narrative analysis, in cooperation with persons with lived experience, we constructed three stories of challenges and support during resettlement. Through these in-depth presentations of frustrating misrecognition, ignorance and fragmentation, but also of closeness, continuity, recognition, belonging and de-stigmatization, this study provides important insights into how interaction and relationships with staff enable and constrain reentry to society. By bringing lived experience into the discourse of Nordic exceptionalism, this article adds valuable perspectives to this still ongoing debate. Overall, we argue for a revitalization of the primary officer role and a broader approach to resettlement to facilitate support throughout the prison sentence.
Breaking through banal consumerism? Representations of postconsumerist perspectives in mainstream press media
Authors: Boréus Kristina , Bradley Karin , Tornhill Sofie
Published: September 2023

Current calls for deep societal transformation stress the need to go beyond green consumption and aim for the reduction of material consumption. Such a shift is enacted by grassroots initiatives around reuse, repair and sharing. However, the possibility of postconsumerist perspectives and practices to reach a broader audience is affected by discursive opportunity structures (DOS) formed in public debate. To understand the DOS it is relevant to pay attention both to the continuous normalisation of consumption and to the ways in which alternatives are represented. To develop new analytical tools for examining what postconsumerist initiatives are up against, we introduce the concept of banal consumerism: mundane, habitual expressions that reproduce consumer culture. Through an empirical study of Swedish daily newspapers, we construct the basis for a typology of different expressions of banal consumerism. We find several expressions, of which the massive advertising of consumer goods is the most common but editorial material also plays an important role. This largely disabling DOS is then put in relation to the potentially enabling opportunities entailed in the existing media coverage of postconsumerist initiatives, practices and perspectives. The results show that postconsumerist initiatives and practices are newsworthy and presented as commendable. The fact that high levels of material consumption negatively impact the environment and life on the planet is widely accepted. To argue for degrowth or criticise consumerism is, however, controversial. Thus, support for postconsumerist practices coexist with massive expressions of banal consumerism, creating a complex set of DOS for the postconsumerist initiatives to navigate.
Open Sesame: Door to Enriched Somatic Variants Underlying Sporadic mTLE
Authors: Kadam Shilpa D.
Published: September 2023

[Box: see text]
Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery: Demographics, Morphological Features and Follow up CT Scans Dynamics
Authors: Shehab Maysam , Kosykh Stanislav , Wolf Ammie , Haddad Menashe , Fajer Simone , Hoffman Roetm Sivan , Bachar Adi R.
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is the most common of the aortic arch anomalies, occurring in .5% to 1% of the population. There is no standardized follow up protocol, especially in the asymptomatic cases. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the natural history of ARSA and the role of serial CT scans. Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study of patients with ARSA depicted on chest computed tomography (CT) scans between February 2013 and July 2022. Data were collected from their medical records. Measurements of the aorta at different segments including the aortic diameter at the orifice of ARSA, and ARSA at ostium followed by 1 cm intervals were collected, as well as for follow-up CT scans. Results: 65 patients were diagnosed with ARSA, 70.8% of whom were women. The average age for the cohort was 58.569 ± 16.99 years. The median follow up time was 4 years (range 0-10 years), KM estimated survival after ARSA diagnosis at 1 and 5 years as 97% and 93%, respectively. Nineteen patients had a second CT scan and were included in the morphological CT dynamic analysis, on average of 29 ± 27 months apart (range 7-108). The mean ARSA diameter at origin was larger in the second scan 16.91 ± 4.31 mm compared to the initial scan 16.31 ± 4.96 mm, ( P = .04).The mean aortic arch diameter in the first and second CT were 28.54 ± 4.24 and 29.64 ± 5.14 ( P = .10), respectively. All other measurements did not disclose any significant enlargement over time. Conclusions: Our cohort demonstrate a benign natural history of ARSA with slow growth rates. However, due to our small sample size we can’t draw a clinically sound recommendation on the need for imaging follow up, and further larger cohort with longer follow up interval are required.
Rethinking the Nexus: DDR and SSR in Post- and Evolving Conflict Contexts in Africa
Authors: Bangura Ibrahim , Owusu Augustine , Quaye Samantha
Published: September 2023

Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (DDR) and security sector reform (SSR) programs are critical components of postwar transitional processes. The interlinkages between the two programs have been essential, especially in determining how combatants in armed groups and armed forces could become part of reconstituted security sector institutions, including the military and the police. Additionally, these links help determine who may be eligible as participants in these processes, and why some actors should be excluded. Over the past four or so decades, academic and policy understanding of postconflict settings has led to the acknowledgment that the two programs reinforce each other and should be designed to ensure fluidity and complementarity. However, there are usually gaps in linking the two, which have negative implications for peace, security, and stability in countries in transition from violence to peace. While there are several studies on the links between DDR and SSR, this paper seeks to examine both previous and current practices in both conflict and postconflict settings, with the aim of interrogating the changes that have been introduced over time to strengthen the links, and some of the gaps that are still existing, or emerging, especially as the nature of armed conflicts continue to change in Africa. Methodologically, the paper adopts a qualitative approach, through which interviews were conducted with practitioners, policy makers, and academics in the fields of DDR and SSR, across countries that previously implemented and those that are currently implementing DDR and SSR programs.
Why Do Supervisors Abuse Certain Subordinates? Goal Orientation and Leader–Member Exchange as Antecedents
Authors: Seo Donghun , Mah Sunghyuck , Yun Seokhwa
Published: September 2023

In this study, we draw from moral exclusion perspective to theorize leader–member exchange (LMX) and subordinate goal orientation as antecedents of abusive supervision. In addition, we integrate LMX theory to propose LMX as a mediating mechanism through which goal orientation influences abusive supervision and consequently task performance. We tested our hypotheses through two cross-cultural multi-method studies. In a field study with South Korean employees (Study 1), we found that LMX and abusive supervision serially mediated the relationship between performance-prove goal orientation (PPGO) and task performance. In an online vignette study with American employees (Study 2), we found that LMX and learning goal orientation were negatively associated with abusive supervision. Furthermore, we found support that LMX mediated the relationship between all three dimensions of goal orientation (learning, performance-prove, and performance-avoid) and abusive supervision. Combing both studies, we found strong evidence that subordinates with high PPGO form positive relationships with their supervisors which elicit less supervisory abuse. Implications for management theory and practice are discussed.
The reliability of clinical tools with and without ultrasound guidance to measure leg-length inequality
Authors: Cahanin Richard , Fallavollita Andre , Burley Troy , McQuiston Samuel
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

To determine and compare the reliability and efficiency of various methods of leg-length measurement.

Methods:

A total of 88 leg-lengths were measured among 50 subjects (79%–84% female, mean age = 30–33 years). Leg-lengths were measured in both supine and standing positions using multiple devices, including a tape measure, a LASER distance meter, and diagnostic ultrasound.

Results:

All methods of leg-length measurement using the middle of the femoral head as a reference point, identified via ultrasound, demonstrated excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.95–1.00). Measurements performed in supine, using the anterior superior iliac spine as a reference point, with a tape measure, demonstrated good-to-excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.86–0.95, standard error of the measurement = 16.1–19.9 cm). Standing measurements using the anterior superior iliac spine as a reference point, using a tape measure, demonstrated fair-to-excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.71–0.95).

Conclusion:

Ultrasound-guided landmark identification appear to be a more reliable method compared to palpation of the anterior superior iliac spine for measurement of leg-length using clinical tools. When coupled with ultrasound guidance, a hand-held LASER distance meter/pitch locator apparatus or a retractable tape measure appears to be acceptable alternatives to a fixed LASER distance meter on a linear actuator for leg-length measurement.
High flow nasal oxygen versus usual care in improving pulmonary rehabilitation outcomes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients after an exacerbation - a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mok Yingjuan , Foong Jing Wen , Wong Hang Siang , Soh Amanda , Tan Shi Hua , Tan Poh Choo , Choo Bryan Peide , Wong Keith Keat Huat
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Early pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is guideline-recommended for all chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients post-hospitalization for COPD exacerbation but many patients experience difficulties participating in early PR due to significant breathlessness. High flow nasal oxygen (HFO) has been shown to improve ventilatory efficiency in stable COPD patients, but there is little data on HFO use during exercise training in PR post-COPD exacerbation.

Methods

We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) to explore the feasibility of a prospective large-scale RCT to evaluate the impact of HFO in improving PR outcomes of COPD patients post-exacerbation. Patients recently hospitalized for COPD exacerbation were enrolled and randomized to either HFO or usual care during an early 6-weeks, outpatient PR program.

Results

Twenty two patients were randomized between May 2019 to Dec 2019 and 18 patients completed the study. The HFO arm achieved a greater improvement in exercise capacity than the usual care arm, with the mean difference in 6-min walk distance (6MWD) being 30 m (95% CI: −23 m to 84 m), although this was not statistically significant. All 18 patients in both arms were compliant to the pulmonary rehabilitation program (defined by attending ≥75% of exercise sessions). HFO was well tolerated with no adverse events reported.

Conclusion

This pilot RCT has shown preliminary evidence of the feasibility and high patient acceptability of HFO during early PR on improving exercise capacity in COPD patients post-exacerbation These promising results would justify a larger RCT to confirm HFO’s benefits and has the potential to change PR practice.
Osteosarcoma of the hyoid bone in a cat
Authors: Nakaichi Munekazu , Itamoto Takuya , Nemoto Yuki , Sunahara Hiroshi , Itoh Harumichi , Itamoto Kazuhito , Tani Kenji
Published: September 2023

Case summary

A 10-year-old male neutered Abyssinian cat was presented with the chief complaint of a right pharyngeal mass. On palpation, the mass was easily palpable; it appeared well demarcated and mobile, and oval in shape. Radiographic examination showed a radiopaque pharyngeal mass, which was revealed to be a well-demarcated mass lesion with a radiopaque marginal area on CT examination. The inside of the mass was uniformly well enhanced on contrast CT examination. A three-dimensional image reconstructed from the CT images strongly suggested that the mass originated from the right stylohyoid bone. No abnormal lesions were observed in the thoracic and abdominal CT examinations. Surgical excision of the mass was scheduled 3 weeks after the first admission. The mass was bluntly separated from the surrounding musculature and resected together with the ipsilateral epihyoid bone adjacent to the mass. Histopathological examination of the resected mass showed neoplastic cells with osteoid formation, and the mass was histopathologically diagnosed as an osteosarcoma. The postoperative recovery from anaesthesia was uneventful, and the cat began feeding on its own from the third postoperative day. The 3-month postoperative CT evaluation revealed no local recurrence or distant metastasis. The cat showed no abnormal findings at the time of writing (6 months postoperatively).

Relevance and novel information

Although osteosarcoma derived from the hyoid bone has rarely been reported in the veterinary field, this report suggests that such tumours may occur in cats. In addition, partial excision of the hyoid apparatus seems to be well tolerated in cats.
Automated versus manual prior authorization for diabetes mellitus drugs: A retrospective study from Israel
Authors: Moshel Shai , Klang Shmeul , Nikname Revital , Bar Shalom Katy , Albukrek Dov , Zacay Galia
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Drug prior authorization (PA) imposes a bureaucratic and economic burden on healthcare service providers and payers. A novel automated PA system may improve these drawbacks.

Methods

An historical cohort study from a large health maintenance organization in Israel, comparing manual versus automated PA mechanisms for diabetes mellitus (DM) drugs: sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs (GLP1-A). We compared patients with DM, whose first drug applications were approved using the automated system, with similar patients whose first drug applications were approved by manual PA. The primary endpoint was the time elapsed from application approval to prescription filling (accessibility time). Secondary endpoints included the prescription filling rate at 7 and 30 days.

Results

In total, 1371 automated approved prescriptions and 1240 manually approved prescriptions were included in the analysis. Median accessibility time was one day (interquartile range (IQR) 0–5) with automated PA for both GLP1-A and SGLT2i, compared with four days (IQR 1–9) and three days (IQR 1–8), respectively, with the manual PA ( p < 0.001). Eighty-four percent of GLP1-A automated PA approvals were filled within seven days compared with 70% with manual PA ( p < 0.001). Similar results were seen with SGLT2i (80% vs. 72%, p < 0.008). No differences were observed at 30 days post-approval. Using logistic regression, odds for GLP1-A and SGLT2i prescription filling within seven days were 2.36 and 1.53 folds higher (respectively) with automated PA ( p < 0.01).

Conclusions

Automated PA system improved access time to SGLT2i/GLP1-A seven days post-approval compared to manual PA.