bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Yoga-Based Lifestyle Intervention versus Dietary Intervention Alone on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among People with Prediabetes
Authors: Saboo Neha , Kacker Sudhanshu
Published: May 2024

Background:

Prediabetes is presented as a metabolic state that predisposes persons to a greater risk of diabetes progression in the future. Prediabetes is an intervening stage between normoglycemia and diabetes with impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance. This study aimed to compare the effect of the yoga-based lifestyle intervention (including diet) versus dietary intervention (DI) alone on cardiometabolic parameters namely fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), lipid profile; triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), heart rate variability (HRV), and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) among people with prediabetes.

Methods:

A randomized controlled study was conducted on 250 people with prediabetes who were randomly allocated by computer-generated methods to the yoga-based lifestyle intervention (including diet) (n = 125) and DI alone (n = 125) groups. Yoga sessions were approximately 45 min 6 days a week over a period of 6 months. Assessments were made at baseline and after 6 months of intervention.

Results:

Post-intervention comparison of cardiometabolic parameters in yoga-based lifestyle intervention (including diet) versus DI alone showed a significant decline in body mass index (P = 0.0002), waist–hip ratio (P = 0.0001), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.0001), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.0001), perceived stress score (P = 0.0001), FBG (P = 0.0001), HbA1C (P = 0.0001), lipid profile; TG (P = 0.008), LDL (P = 0.0001), VLDL (P = 0.0001), HRV (P = 0.0001), CIMT (P = 0.02) and a nonsignificant decline in, TC (P = 0.22), HDL (P = 0.211), FFQ (P = 0.164).

Conclusion:

The finding of this study suggests that a 24-week yoga-based lifestyle intervention which includes diet significantly decreased cardiometabolic parameters compared to DI alone among people with prediabetes.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Serum Glycosylated Fibronectin in Prediction of Preeclampsia: A Nested Case–Control Study
Authors: Sachan Rekha , Sachan Pushpa Lata , Ghayyur Nazrana , Patel Munna Lal , Ali Wahid
Published: May 2024

Background:

Preeclampsia is a life-threatening complication of pregnancy that occurs in approximately 7% of all pregnancies. In India, the incidence of preeclampsia is 8%–10% and the prevalence is 5.4%, whereas the prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is 7.8%.

Aim and Objectives:

This study was aimed at evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of serum glycosylated fibronectin (S. GlyFn) in the prediction of preeclampsia.

Methods:

A nested case–control study was carried out for 16 months in the department of obstetrics and gynecology. A total of 240 women were recruited and followed after written consent and ethical clearance. Six were lost to follow-up, 15 had second-trimester abortions (excluded from the study), and 32 women developed hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (cases), out of which 1 woman developed antepartum eclampsia, 10 women developed preeclampsia with severe features, and 21 women developed preeclampsia without severe features. One hundred and eighty-seven women remained normotensive throughout the pregnancy until 6 weeks postpartum. After randomization, out of these samples, 54 were analyzed and considered controls. Levels of S. GlyFn were estimated using an ELISA kit using the ELISA technique.

Results:

The mean S. GlyFn level was significantly higher at the time of enrollment among those women who later developed preeclampsia (127.59 ± 27.68 ng/m) as compared to controls (107.79–53.51 ng/mL). GlyFn at a cutoff value of 126.70 ng/mL significantly (P = 0.034) discriminates cases of preeclampsia with severe features from healthy controls with a sensitivity of 90.00%, a specificity of 63.00%, a 31.03% positive predictive value, and 97.14% negative predictive value.

Conclusion:

S. GlyFn, at a cutoff value of 126.70 ng/mL, had good sensitivity to discriminate PE from normotensive and was also a good prognostic marker.
Photoprotection and dermatological profile of persons with albinism in Plateau state, Nigeria: findings from a collaborative awareness and screening outreach program
Authors: Adah Ruth O. , Akintatayo Akintunde J. , Kwaghe Barka V.
Published: May 2024

Introduction

As a result of genetically being deficient of melanin, albinos are particularly susceptible to skin damage from ultraviolet rays leading to photodermatoses such as sunburns, dermatoheliosis, and cutaneous cancers. These negatively affects quality of life and cause premature death. Little is known of the photoprotective measures available to and dermatological profile of persons with albinism in Plateau state, North Central Nigeria.

Objective

To describe the dermatological profile of albinos in Plateau state, Nigeria, photo exposure levels, photoprotection strategies, and factors associated with presence of photodermatoses.

Patients and methods

Consenting individuals with albinism attending the sensitization event hosted by the Centre for Albinism Right and Empowerment Network were recruited. Demographic information, occupational history, solar exposure, photoprotective practices, and perceived sun exposure were all documented using semistructured questionnaires. Physical and dermatological examination, dermoscopy, and laboratory investigations were used to make diagnosis. Statistical package for social sciences, version 26, was used to carry out univariate and bivariate analysis.

Results

While a wide spectrum of skin diseases was observed among the 59 albinos that participated. Photodermatoses were three times more than nonphotodermatoses. The commonest photodermatoses were solar elastosis (55.9%), solar lentigines (44.1%), actinic keratosis (27.1%), and sunburn (25.4%). Skin cancers affected 10.2% of all patients and 16.6% of persons more than or equal to 20 years. Generally, the presence of photodermatoses was associated with age and occupation while actinic keratotic changes specifically was associated with living in rural areas (P=0.035). Despite this, only seven (11.9%) owned sunscreen at the time of study with more than a third (35.2%) being ignorant of existence of sunscreen lotions.

Conclusion

Continuous multifaceted programs that involve tracking, education, prevention, early detection, and treatment of photodermatoses will be planned to be targeted towards persons with albinism living in Plateau state.
Bullous mastocytosis: a Case Report
Authors: El Enany Galal , Nagui Noha , Nada Hanan , Abdel-Halim Mona R.E. , Sany Iman , Nada Ahmad , El Ghanam Omar , Korany Mona M.
Published: May 2024

Mastocytosis is a disorder characterized by abnormal mast cell proliferation. The skin is the most common site of involvement. Extracutaneous involvement occurs in systemic mastocytosis with infiltrations in the gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes, bone marrow, liver, and spleen which result in systemic manifestations and life-threatening complications. The most common form of skin lesions in mastocytosis is urticaria pigmentosa (UP). Other less common forms include diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis (DCM), mastocytoma and telangiectasia macularis eruptive perstans (TMEP). Bullae can develop in skin lesions of mastocytosis. When bullae are the main presenting feature, the term bullous mastocytosis is used. Bullous mastocytosis can cause diagnostic confusion as it can be mistaken with other bullous skin diseases. Herein we present a case of bullous mastocytosis that was initially thought to be a form of child abuse. We emphasize the importance of skin biopsy in the diagnosis of this form of mastocytosis..
Diphenylcyclopropenone in severe alopecia areata in children and adolescents: long-term follow-up and relapse rate
Authors: El Zawahry Yasmin B. , El Zawahry Bakr M. , Bassiouny Dalia A. , Soliman Ahmed M. , Abdel-Raheem Heba M.
Published: May 2024

Background

Reports on the long-term treatment of alopecia areata (AA) in children with diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) are few.

Objective

To assess response, side effects, and relapse rates during long-term follow-up in children with severe AA treated with DPCP. Effect of different patient and treatment-related factors on prognosis and value of maintenance therapy were also assessed.

Patients and methods

In this interventional prospective study, 144 patients of AA were treated with DPCP. Response was assessed according to sex, type of AA, age of onset, and duration of disease. Excellent response was defined as terminal hair covering more than 75% of the scalp. Maintenance therapy meant ongoing therapy once every 2–4 weeks after excellent response. Follow up for an average of 22 months was performed to detect any relapse of AA which meant more than 25% hair loss.

Results

Ninety-two patients completed 12 months of therapy. Thirty (32.6%) patients achieved excellent response, 33 (35.9%) moderate, and 29 (31.5%) poor response. Seventy-three patients completed 18 months of therapy. Fouty-eight (65.8%) achieved excellent response, 10 (13.7%) moderate, and 15 (20.5%) poor response. Different clinical variables did not affect the response, however, a significant difference in the beginning of terminal hair growth according to type of AA was found (P=0.002) where 10% of responders among alopecia universalis patients started to grow terminal hair more than 12 months after the onset of therapy. Side effects were few and tolerable. Relapse occurred in 47% of patients on maintenance and 78% of patients without maintenance therapy (P=0.048).

Conclusion

DPCP is an effective and safe treatment of severe AA in children. Prolonging the duration of therapy may improve the response in alopecia universalis and alopecia totalis. Maintenance therapy is recommended to reduce the risk of relapse.
Evaluating Factors that Contribute to the Early Loss of Bone Around Submerged Implants Before they are Restored
Authors: Nasyam Fazil Arshad , Kadri Mohammed Anas , Singh Sumit , Pandey Vikash , Sahney Tanu , Kaushik Kanika , Surana Pratik
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim of the present study was to examine various factors that may contribute to early crestal bone loss around submerged implants, prior to restoration.

Methods:

The research included a collective of 100 implants, procured from 60 participants. We allocated a total of 60 patients into two distinct groups: 20 individuals in the healthy group and 40 individuals in the ECBL group.

Results:

Out of the complete population, 56 people were unaffected by diabetes, while six persons were smokers. Systemic antibiotics were administered to almost all patients (98%) throughout the implantation procedure. The implant implantation consisted of 69% nonmolar implants and 31% molar implants.

Conclusion:

Engaging in a guided bone regeneration (GBR) operation before implant implantation has been shown to be a statistically significant factor in preventing early crestal bone loss (ECBL).
Investigating Apically Extruded Debris During Pulpectomy with Two Rotary Systems and Hand Files
Authors: Bai JK Sonia , Dhull Kanika Singh , Maiti Niladri , Devraj Indira M. , Bohidar Subhajit , Sharma Suman
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The current research set out to examine and contrast the amounts of apically extruded debris produced by two distinct rotary files and hand files used in pulpectomy procedures.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-five extracted primary mandibular molars were randomly divided into three groups for instrumentation. Prime Pedo™ files are in Group 1, DXL-Pro Pedo files are in Group 2, and H and K files are in Group 3. Debris that had been apically extruded and collected in preweighed Eppendorf tubes was incubated for five days at 70°C. The weight of the Eppendorf tubes before and after instrumentation was subtracted to get the weight of the debris that was gathered.

Results:

It was noted that all three groups had significantly different amounts of material ejected from the tip. The groups with the lightest amounts of extruded debris were 1, 2, and 3, in that order. The most debris was extruded from the apex in Group 3.

Conclusion:

This suggests that rotary files are preferable to hand files because they reduce debris extrusion, which in turn reduces postoperative events following pulpectomy procedures.
Application of Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Dentistry: A Literature Review
Authors: Alessa Noura
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the development of computer systems that can do tasks that normally require human intelligence. A number of dental specialties, including pediatric dentistry, now use AI and its subsets, machine learning, and deep learning. The evolution of AI in healthcare has been linked to the creation of AI applications meant to support medical professionals in diagnosing patients and choosing the best course of treatment. AI is the capability of robots to learn and use that information to carry out a range of cognitive tasks, including language processing, learning, reasoning, and making decisions—basically imitating human behavior. This review gives an overview of the numerous applications of AI that are beneficial to pediatric dentistry.
Enhanced Design of a Tai Chi Teaching Assistance System Integrating DTW Algorithm and SVM
Authors: Guo Yujie
Published: May 2024

Physical education using technology has enabled traditional practices like Tai Chi, a martial art known for its multiple health benefits and meditative aspects, to set coordinated goals. This research presents an intelligent Tai Chi Teaching Assistance System supported by the integration of the Dynamic Time Warping algorithm and Support Vector Machine, in which can practitioners providing real-time feedback to improve Tai Chi learning and quality. In the system, the DTWA Dynamic Time Warping Algorithm was used to accurately compare a practitioner’s complex body movements with the Tai Chi standard movements dataset, taking into account execution speed deviations and others. Meanwhile, the SVM was employed to classify the movement as to quality and correctness, thereby being able to provide precise, individual feedback. This hybrid approach ensures a high-motion recognition accuracy rate while also adhering to nuanced Tai Chi requirements. The system was evaluated through detailed testing with various levels of Tai Chi experience. Evaluation showed that the students’ performance and understanding of most Taijiquan movements and related physical exercises improved significantly. It indicates the system has a practical application value for also beginners and intermediate and last expert, respectively. It also shows the effectiveness of combining DTW and SVM to support learners ‘body movement trajectory in a physical learning environment, opening them up to additional technology-assisted physical training applications. This provides implications for a more promising generation of future physical education involving the incorporation of complex AI technology.
Lack of local controllability for a water-tank system when the time is not large enough
Authors: Coron Jean-Michel , Koenig Armand , Nguyen Hoai-Minh
Published: May 2024

We consider the small-time local-controllability property of a water tank modeled by one-dimensional Saint-Venant equations, where the control is the acceleration of the tank. It is known from the work of Dubois et al. that the linearized system is not controllable. Moreover, concerning the linearized system, they showed that a traveling time

T_{*}

is necessary to bring the tank from one position to another for which the water is still at the beginning and at the end. Concerning the nonlinear system, Coron showed that local controllability around equilibrium states holds for a time large enough. In this paper, we show that for local controllability of the nonlinear system around the equilibrium states, the necessary time is at least

2 T_{*}

even for the tank being still at the beginning and at the end. The key point of the proof is a coercivity property for the quadratic approximation of the water-tank system.
Changes in Anti–OV-16 IgG4 Responses to Onchocerciasis after Elimination of Transmission in the Central Endemic Zone of Guatemala
Authors: Cama Vitaliano A. , Mendizabal-Cabrera Renata , de Leon Oscar , White Michael , McDonald Circe , Thiele Elizabeth , Ogawa Guilherme M. , Morales Zoraida , Prince-Guerra Jessica , Cantey Paul , Rizzo Nidia
Published: May 2024

Current WHO guidelines for onchocerciasis elimination provide requirements for stopping mass drug administration of ivermectin and the verification of elimination of transmission. These guidelines also recommend post-elimination surveillance (PES) based on entomological surveys. Serological markers in humans could complement entomological PES once the longevity of anti–OV-16 antibody responses is better understood. In 2014–2015 we evaluated ELISA anti–OV-16 IgG4 antibody persistence among previously seropositive people from the central endemic zone of Guatemala. The country stopped all onchocerciasis program interventions in 2012 and was verified by WHO as having eliminated transmission of onchocerciasis in 2016. A total of 246 participants with prior OV-16 ELISA results from 2003, 2006, 2007, or 2009 were enrolled in a follow-up study. Of these, 77 people were previously OV-16 seropositive and 169 were previously seronegative. By 2014 and 2015, 56 (72.7%) previously seropositive individuals had sero-reverted, whereas all previous negatives remained seronegative. The progression of antibody responses over time was estimated using a mixed-effects linear regression model, using data from seropositive participants who had sero-reverted. The temporal variation showed a mean activity unit decay of 0.20 per year (95% credible interval [CrI]: 0.17, 0.23), corresponding to an estimated antibody response half-life of 3.3 years (95% CrI: 2.7, 4.1). These findings indicate that the majority of seropositive people will sero-revert over time.
Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial studies of ciprofloxaci-imines and their complexes with oxozirconium(IV), dioxomolybdenum(VI), and dioxotungsten(VI)
Authors: Y. Al-Assafe Amaal , A.S. Al-Quaba Rana
Published: May 2024

We synthesized and characterized ciprofloxacin-imine complexes, generated from ciprofloxacin and either 4-nitro-1,2-phenylenediamine (NO2PD) or 1,3-propanediamine (PD), in conjunction with zirconyl nitrate dihydrate, sodium molybdate dihydrate, and sodium tungstate dihydrate. Characterization involved numerous analytical methods, containing melting point determination, conductance dimensions, elemental analysis (CHN), metal content determination (%), infrared, electronic spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry. Our findings reveal that the ligand as functions a tetra-dentate chelate binding to metal ions via azomethine and deprotonated carboxylate group. Additionally, the complexes and ligands were tested in contradiction of two types of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and all prepared compounds showed good spectrum activity.
KEY WORDS: 4-Nitro-1,2-phenylenediamine, Ciprofloxacin-imine, In-vitro antimicrobial activity, Zr complexes
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(4), 949-962.                                                        
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i4.11
Fatty acid and essential oil compositions of seeds of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Cultivated in different regions of Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Mekides , Ele Yaya Estifanos , Singh Chandravanshi Bhagwan , Assefa Melaku
Published: May 2024

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) seeds are used as spices. In this study, fatty acids extracted from the coriander seeds collected from three places (Sululta, Jimma and Wolaita Sodo) in Ethiopia were determined as their methyl ester using GC-MS. The fatty acid components were assessed using linoleic acid ethyl ester as an external standard. Sululta sample showed five fatty acids, while Wolaita Sodo and Jimma three each with highest amount of petroselinic acid: 68.41%, 72.53%, and 64.4%, respectively, of the total fatty acids. Linoleic acid (omega-6) was found in the range of 18.24-22.37%. The polyunsaturated versus saturated (P/S) index values were found to be 1.69-2.39, which indicated that coriander seeds from the three sites have a good capacity to prevent the development of cardiovascular and some chronic diseases. The number of compounds identified in the essential oils of coriander seeds from Jimma, Sululta, and Wolaita Sodo were 7, 9, and 15 with total percent areas of 99.64, 75.14, and 96.68, respectively. The major component in the essential oils was linalool ranging from 36.72-88.50% of the total amount. In general, the chemical constituents of fatty acids and essential oils of coriander seeds indicates its good nutritional quality and usefulness for human health.
KEY WORDS: Coriander seeds, Fatty acids, P/S index, Essential oils, Nutritional quality, Spice
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(4), 863-876.                                                             
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i4.4
Occurrence of antimicrobial residues in broiler chickens from selected farms and markets in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Sha’arani H.M. , Aminu A.I. , Aminu B.M.
Published: May 2024

The indiscriminate use of antibiotics in animal meant for human and animal’s consumption lead to occurrence of antibiotic residues which threaten the health of both animals and humans. The aim of the study was to detect the presence of antimicrobial residues in broiler chicken in Kano state, Nigeria. Samples of fresh breast muscle, thigh muscle, liver and kidney were collected from 100 birds and examined using microbial inhibition test and ELISA test to determine the occurrence of antimicrobial residues and Enrofloxacin residues. A questionnaire was also administered to 33 workers and managers of the selected bird’s farms to assess their knowledge on the use of antibiotics and presence of antimicrobial residues. The result of the study revealed that 43% of the studied birds tested positive to antibiotic residue. Kidney samples recorded the highest (43%) residue present while thigh muscles (35%) recorded the least. The result indicated that among the birds detected with positive antibiotic residues, 36.4% were also positive for Enrofloxacin residue. All the respondents were using one or more antibiotic for treatment, prophylaxis or both and to a lesser extent as growth promoters. Majority (55.5%) of the respondents were not aware of the presence of residues in poultry. Most of the respondents (63.7%) have knowledge of withdrawal period but all of them were not observing withdrawal practice before disposing their birds. Doxycycline antibiotic was found to be the most indiscriminately use antibiotic, while erythromycin and chloramphenicol are the least. The study advocates the need for awareness campaigns for the farmers on the correct way of administering the antibiotics with special emphasis on withdrawal periods as well as continuous monitoring of the residues for public health reasons.
Obturator hygiene among patients with maxillary defects at two teaching hospitals in Ghana
Authors: N Quartey–Papafio , P.C Ampofo , H.N.A Fleischer , T. A Ndanu , L Danso
Published: May 2024

Background: An obturator may be defined as the component of a prosthesis that fits into and closes a defect within the oral cavity or other body defects. Cleaning one’s obturator is essential to prevent offensive odour, poor aesthetics, the accumulation of plaques, and damage to both natural and prosthetic teeth due to bacteria contamination in the oral cavity.Aim: The study aimed to determine how palatal obturator wearers practice good obturator cleaning habits.Method: A cross-sectional study design was used for this study. A sample size of 40 palatal obturator wearers was used. Data was collected using a well-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire included demographic data (age, sex, educational level, occupation and years of wearing a prosthesis, obturator cleaning habits, obturator cleaning methods, and obturator wearing habits. The data were summarized using Descriptive statistics with tables and charts and analyzed using a chi-square test from Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 22.0) and Microsoft Office Excel 2016 at p-value< 0.05.Results: Sixteen (40%) of the total number were males, and 24(60%) were females giving a male-to-female ratio of 2:3. Twelve (30%) of the participants fell between the ages 31-40 years. Participants with tertiary education have better cleaning habits and knowledge of cleaning agents used. Fifteen (37.5%) participants who had worn a palatal obturator between 1-2 years frequently visited the dental clinic for a check-up; however, this number gradually decreased.Conclusion: The majority of the patients evaluated had good clean habits with their prostheses and the cleaning agents used. However, participants with tertiary education had better prosthesis hygiene and maintenance methods.
Twins Seven-Seven: The Glocal Framing of an International Artist in Memorial Pages
Authors: Oyewo Adewale Christopher , Raheem Oluwafunminiyi Wasiu
Published: May 2024

On 16 June 2011, the foremost Nigerian visual artist, Taiwo Osuntoki, popularly referred to as Twins Seven-Seven, passed away. His  passing, as is common with personalities of that nature, elicited some interesting memorials across the world. Family members, close  friends, admirers, art collectors and colleagues in the art community in Nigeria and across the globe flooded the art space with glowing  tributes, lauding an iconic figure whose works were known to reflect the embodiment of Yoruba folklore, mythology, spiritual, ghostly  and invisible worlds. This article draws on a descriptive analysis of memorials in selected local and international print media and  academic outlets (journals). The intention is primarily to identify and examine some of the memorials and then engage them in ways that  help to understand how Twins Seven-Seven’s image was conceived in global as well as local contexts. Given his complex and multipersonality, we ask how memorials shape the meanings that could be associated with Twins Seven-Seven’s life generally. Lastly, the  paper is a fitting tribute to one of Africa’s greatest postcolonial artists, whose passing now marks more than a decade.
Contribution of the Central Corridor Transport on the Tanzanian Economic Growth
Authors: Kakomile Ally Hamud , Komba Coretha
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the influence of intratrade within the Central Corridor, the effect of port cargo volume, and infrastructure expenditures on Tanzania's economy. Using quarterly data from 2001 to 2021 using the Ordinary least squares model, we found a positive relationship between cargo volume and economic growth, as well as a significant positive effect of intra-trade on the economy. However, budgetary infrastructure spending and exchange rates had insignificant impacts. The study suggests that the government  should enhance regional business ties, improve port efficiency, and support corridor infrastructure development.
Microbiological Quality of Irrigation Water and Leafy Vegetables in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Kamara Bubelwa L , Mrema Godwill D. , Lyimo Thomas J.
Published: May 2024

The quality of water used for the irrigation of leafy vegetables in urban settings is in doubt due to contamination associated with poor hygiene and water pollution. This study examined the microbiological quality of irrigation water and leafy vegetables at Chang’ombe in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania as well as the perceptions and level of awareness of nearby consumers. Water and leafy vegetable samples were analysed for faecal coliform (FC) using standard techniques. Perception and awareness of consumers were collected using a questionnaire survey. The results showed an average FC count of 406.1 ± 16.40 MPN/100 ml for the irrigation water. The sweet potato leaves and amaranth had FC counts of 11.40 ± 5.220 CFU/g and 17.60 ± 11.98 CFU/g respectively. The levels of FC in irrigation water and leafy vegetables were within the allowed limits by WHO and NAS-USA standards respectively but fall short of some stricter European standards for irrigation water. The household survey showed that consumers perceive irrigation water at Chang’ombe as polluted and may be one of the main sources of food contamination. They minimize associated health risks in various ways such as using clean storage, washing and cooking. It was concluded that the microbial quality of water used for irrigation of leafy vegetables at Chang’ombe poses no risk to public health, but based on tighter standards, improved public awareness of hygienic practices is crucial to address potential risks.
Geological Structure and Possible Mineralized Zones in Ikungi – Manyoni Area, Tanzania: Delineated from High-resolution Aeromagnetic Data
Authors: Pius Raymond K , Msabi Michael M
Published: May 2024

Understanding geological structures is important in mineral exploration. Delineating subsurface geological structures, structural intersections, and complexities of potential geological settings for the formation of hydrothermal mineral deposits, such as gold requires using magnetic data, particularly, high-resolution aeromagnetic data. To define possible targets for mineral exploration, this study used linear detection and the Centre for Exploration Targeting (CET) techniques on high-resolution aeromagnetic data for structural delineation and interpretation. The study's conclusions indicate that the majority of geological features, such as faults, shears, fault intersections, and fracture systems, trend NE-SW, N-S, and occasionally NW-SE. These structures create potentially large areas that have a strong chance of becoming mineralized. The CET grid analysis technique defined mineralized zones, particularly the structural intersections which are potential targets in mineral exploration. The effectiveness of the CET technique in mineral prospecting was demonstrated by the correlation between the results and existing mineral occurrences (such as Shanta Gold Mine, abandoned pits, and the operating pits of small-scale miners in Muhintiri). Based on the findings reported herein, any sites that share characteristics with those that have demonstrated gold mineralization should be prioritized for ground follow-up
Green and Blue Water Footprints of Major Crops in the Wami/Ruvu Basin, Tanzania: Implications for Water Scarcity and Sustainability
Authors: Lazaro Benson HM , Hagai Martine M , Mato Rubhera RAM
Published: May 2024

Accurate estimation of the blue and green water requirements of the various crops cultivated in a water basin is essential for planning specific plant/crop irrigation schedules. In this study, the crop water requirements of the major crops grown in the Wami/Ruvu basin were determined using the FAO-CROPWAT model based on meteorological parameters: monthly maximum and minimum temperature, wind speed, mean relative humidity, sunshine hours, rainfall data, and effective rainfall for 23 hydro-meteorological stations distributed in the study area. The studied crops are rice, maize, beans, tomatoes, and sugarcane. The crop reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and actual evapotranspiration (ETc) for each crop were determined using crop coefficients (Kc) of various growth stages of crops. The results indicated that the total annual reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was 1604 mm, whereas an average ETo per month was 134 mm. The highest total irrigation water requirements were recorded in sugarcane, followed by rice, while the lowest water requirements were observed in beans and tomatoes. The results presented in this study may facilitate plant-specific water irrigation implementation and maximize crop production while conserving the environment.
NGHIÊN CỨU THỰC NGHIỆM ĐIỀU KHIỂN TỐC ĐỘ ĐỘNG CƠ KHÔNG ĐỒNG BỘ 3 PHA DỰA TRÊN PHƯƠNG PHÁP PI MỜ
Authors: NGUYỄN VĂN THỌ*  , NGÔ THANH QUYỀN
Published: May 2024

Trong bài báo này, sự kết hợp giữa bộ điều khiển PI và bộ điều khiển mờ, còn được biết đến là bộ điều khiển PI mờ được đề xuất để điều khiển tốc độ cho động cơ không đồng bộ (KĐB) 3 pha. Mô hình toán học của động cơ dựa trên phương pháp vec-tơ không gian, và phương trình động lực học của động cơ không đồng bộ định hướng từ trường điều khiển gián tiếp được dẫn ra và trình bày trong nghiên cứu này. Bộ điều khiển PI mờ được thiết kế để đảm bảo tính ổn định của hệ thống ở tốc độ mong muốn trong điều kiện khi có tải thay đổi. Các thí nghiệm được thực hiện với động cơ KĐB 3 pha 0.75 kW sử dụng card điều khiển NI MYRIO 1900 và phần mềm LabView. Kết quả thí nghiệm thu được thể hiện hiệu quả vượt trội của phương pháp điều khiển đề xuất so với bộ điều khiển PI và bộ điều khiển mờ thông thường, đặc biệt khi có tải thay đổi trong quá trình điều khiển.
El uso de medidas de conciliación trabajo-familia en hombres latinoamericanos: una revisión sistemática.
Authors: Islas Magaña Polet Jackeline , Di Marco Donatella , Arenas Moreno Alicia , Cervantes Ríos José Carlos
Published: May 2024

Las medidas de conciliación trabajo-familia fueron diseñadas para aplicarse de manera equitativa entre hombres y mujeres, pero la realidad muestra que los hombres hacen menos uso de ellas, es importante evidenciar esta problemática. Este estudio tiene como objetivo explorar y describir las investigaciones realizadas sobre las medidas de conciliación trabajo-familia implementadas en hombres de Latinoamérica. La búsqueda se realizó en 2023 en las bases de datos de Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO y Redalyc, centrándose únicamente en artículos realizados en Latinoamérica que incluyeran a varones o se realizaran exclusivamente con esta población. Los resultados revelan una escasez de estudios centrados en la perspectiva masculina, y una percepción de falta de políticas de conciliación y de apoyo organizacional.
Efecto de las conductas alimentarias de riesgo sobre el bienestar subjetivo de adolescentes de bachillerato.
Authors: Estrada Nava Evelyn Yazmin , Veytia López Marcela , Guadarrama Guadarrama Rosalinda , Pérez Rodríguez Marcela
Published: May 2024

Las conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR) se asocian con estados afectivos negativos en personas con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA). No se ha reportado su efecto sobre el bienestar subjetivo (BS) en adolescentes sin TCA. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de las CAR sobre el BS de adolescentes de bachillerato. Metodología: estudio transversal en adolescentes de 14 a 17 años. Se obtuvo consentimiento y asentimiento informado. Se aplicaron los cuestionarios PANAS, satisfacción con la vida y CBCAR. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, bivariados y multivariados. Resultados: la presencia de CAR (ExpB=3.40, IC95%: 2.11-5.49) y ser mujer (ExpB=1.49, IC95%: 1.03-2.15) incrementaron la probabilidad de tener un bajo BS. Conclusiones: estas conductas tuvieron un efecto negativo sobre el BS de los adolescentes.
Influencia de las elecciones aceleradas en la producción de software: repercusiones en la excelencia y rendimiento del producto.
Authors: Lozada Torres Edwin Fabricio , Pico Pico María Angélica , Llerena Ocaña Luis Antonio , Viscaino Naranjo Fausto Alberto
Published: May 2024

Este estudio detalla cómo las decisiones rápidas en el desarrollo de software impactan la calidad y la eficiencia del producto. Se analiza cómo estas decisiones afectan negativamente estos aspectos, presentando estrategias para mitigar sus consecuencias. Se exploró la perspectiva de desarrolladores de software en distintas regiones de Ecuador, a través de encuestas que reflejan diversas experiencias profesionales. Los resultados revelan cómo la agilidad en las decisiones puede influir en el proceso de desarrollo y la percepción de calidad y eficiencia. Esto subraya la necesidad de considerar a fondo los efectos positivos y negativos de las elecciones ágiles en la calidad del producto, incentivando a la comunidad de desarrollo de software a reflexionar sobre prácticas óptimas para equilibrar agilidad y calidad en su labor.
Festival del chocolate: resiliencia durante la crisis COVID-19
Authors: Mazó Quevedo María Lyssette , De los Santos de Dios Raquel Olivia , Orduña Hernández Adriana
Published: May 2024

El artículo presenta una aproximación al impacto de la pandemia COVID-19 a empresas expositoras del Festival del Chocolate, celebrado en Tabasco, México. El método de investigación sigue un enfoque cualitativo de corte transversal sobre las opiniones y experiencias de diecinueve participantes. Los resultados brindan la identificación del giro y estructura organizacional de los negocios, así como la comprensión de beneficios y expectativas percibidas por la realización del festival. Se detallan problemas afrontados por este sector durante la fase crítica de la pandemia. El principal hallazgo del estudio consiste en la identificación de estrategias de resiliencia organizacional implementadas por las empresas, reconociéndose la capacidad de adaptación, siendo referente para la toma de decisiones políticas y económicas en ámbitos públicos y privados
Koncept “Jedno zdravlje” u prevenciji pojave ostataka β-laktamskih antibiotika u mlijeku i okolišu
Authors: Varenina Ivana , Bilandžić Nina , Kos Blaženka , Martić Ana , Varga Ines , Sedak Marija , Solomun Kolanović Božica , Đokić Maja
Published: May 2024

The One Health concept emerged with the aim of balancing the lives of humans, animals, and plants on Earth, while also preserving theenvironment. Its aim is to improve overall living conditions on Earth and one of these issues is the overuse of antibiotics for therapeutic purposes and the use of antibiotics to promote livestock breeding on farms, which has led to a rapid spread of antibiotic resistance among microorganisms. Additionally, residual antibiotics are found in food of animal origin, and in the environment where they pollute soil and water. The most widely used group of antimicrobial agents are the β-lactam antibiotics. Due to their powerful antimicrobial effect and low toxicity, they are used to treat bacterial infections in both human and animal medicine. β-lactam antibiotics are major antibiotics used for treating mastitis, the most common infection occurring in milk-producing cows. Across EU Member States, testing and identifying the residues of β-lactam antibiotics in milk samples is included in national antibiotic residue monitoring plans for food of animal origin. The development of sophisticated methods with high sensitivity and precision, based on liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, enables the simultaneous control of different antibiotic classes for the official control of residues in foods of animal origin. According to the literature, β-lactam antibiotics are frequently detected antibiotic residues in EU Member States, with penicillin G as the most common compound.
Radiology in Central Asia (Kazakhstan) after independency
Authors: DAUTOV TAIRKHAN , Rakhimzhanova Ibzhanovna Raushan
Published: May 2024

On 18th of February in 1977 at the First Republican Congress of Radiologists of Kazakhstan was adopted the statutes of the Kazakh Republican Scientific Society of Radiologists
Métricas de la producción académica sobre Prudencia, Phronesis y Sabiduría Práctica
Authors: Salazar-Piñeros Fabio A.
Published: May 2024

El presente trabajo busca identificar el manejo que se le ha dado en la literatura académica al término prudencia y sus sinónimos phronesis y sabiduría práctica. Se realizó una extracción de información de Scopus y Web of Science, con los tres términos, sin límites de tiempo ni idioma y se llevaron a cabo análisis bibliométricos y cienciométricos mediante el paquete de R Bibliometrix, con un conjunto de 2,910 registros. Se identificaron dos tendencias principales; una filosófica, de gran dispersión, pero buena proyección y otra muy especializada en el campo de la economía, con buen desarrollo, pero baja centralidad. La psicología tiene tímidas apariciones y se constituye en un reto la consolidación de una línea de investigación en psicología de la prudencia.
On Enmity, Terror and Fear
Authors: Boesch Ernst E.
Published: May 2024

In this article, HARM presents a small excerpt from Ernst E. Boesch’s book “Von Kunst bis Terror - Über den Zwiespalt in der Kultur” [From art to terror - On the dichotomy in culture], published in 2005. The editors of HARM want to draw attention to a psychologist and social theorist who saw himself as a cultural psychologist and, as such, wanted to show how much more complex, ambivalent, opaque and unpredictable human thinking, feeling, behaviour, and actions are than mainstream psychology — which models and primarily quantifies and measures — would have us believe. This, according to one of his convictions which continues to shape modern cultural psychology, is because it recognises humans not primarily as natural creatures, but also as cultural beings who, as beings gifted with special language, are entangled in an indissoluble network of meaningful symbolic worlds and thus are capable of manifold processes of sense-making. In order to depict and reconstruct these entanglements and to understand their significance for human experience, attitudes and actions, Boesch argues that hermeneutic-interpretative procedures are required which, we are convinced, also contribute significantly to refining the depiction and analysis of phenomena that are relevant in the context of HARM.
— Boesch’s text is preceded by a brief introduction to his life, his thinking and the selected text.
Factores determinantes del desinterés por la participación ciudadana en la toma decisiones del cantón Puyango
Authors: Ludeña Jaramillo Marlon Ignacio , Cuadrado Sánchez Gina Patricia , Castillo Ortega Yonimiler
Published: May 2024

La participación ciudadana en la toma de decisiones municipales es esencial para fortalecer la gobernanza y la democracia. En el cantón Puyango, se investigan los motivos que llevan al desinterés de la población en participar en estos procesos. El estudio, que utiliza una metodología mixta que combina enfoques cuantitativos y cualitativos, se basa en una muestra representativa de 371 habitantes del cantón. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un nivel de desinterés ciudadano del 55%, donde los factores económicos (63%), políticos (54%) y sociales (52%) destacan como los más influyentes. Dentro de estos, se identifican subfactores como la falta de recursos, la movilidad limitada, la desconfianza en el gobierno local y el desconocimiento de los mecanismos de participación. Este estudio proporciona información valiosa para comprender los retos y oportunidades relacionados con la participación ciudadana en el cantón Puyango. Se destaca la necesidad de implementar medidas para superar las barreras identificadas y promover una participación más activa y significativa. Estas acciones son fundamentales para fortalecer la gobernanza local y fomentar un desarrollo inclusivo y equitativo en el cantón, además de servir como ejemplo para otros municipios.
Análisis de competencia de las exportaciones ecuatorianas en Corea del Sur
Authors: Maldonado Mendez Luis Reynaldo
Published: May 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la potencial competencia comercial dentro del mercado surcoreano, identificando los países y sectores con los que la oferta exportable ecuatoriana podría rivalizar. Para este propósito se analizó la información comercial de Corea del Sur durante el período 2018 y julio del 2022, identificando las principales compras que realiza Corea desde Ecuador según la Clasificación Uniforme de Comercio Internacional, Revisión 3 (CUCI). Luego utilizando esta información, se aplicó un análisis de similitud y competencia para el año 2021, siendo el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman la técnica utilizada para evaluar el grado de similitud respecto a la oferta exportable ecuatoriana, y el Índice de Competencia de Exportaciones (ICX) utilizado para valorar el riesgo de desplazamiento comercial. Los resultados muestran un grado de similitud moderado para Australia, Perú, Filipinas y México, mientras Colombia presenta una similitud débil. Por otro lado, el ICX mostró un potencial desplazamiento en el sector petróleo(333) con México, Brasil y Colombia; la chatarra no ferrosa(288) con Colombia, Filipinas, Tailandia y México; y las frutas(057) con Filipinas superando incluso los valores reportados por países latinoamericanos como Colombia, Chile y Perú.
Evaluarea competenței ecologice a liceenilor
Authors: MURSA Ana
Published: May 2024

Articolul reprezintă aspecte ale evaluării competenței ecologice, care a fost efectuat în cadrul Liceului Teoretic „Mihai Eminescu”, orașul Căușeni, cu scopul de a verifica și valorifica competențele (cunoștințele) ecologice ale liceenilor obținute la lecții și în afara lor.
Компетенция вузовского преподавателя – важнейший фактор в формировании профессиональных компетенций будущего учителя
Authors: ОВЧЕРЕНКО Надежда
Published: May 2024

The article provides a comparative analysis of skills as an outcome of education. The competence of the university teaching staff is the most important factor in the formation of the professional competences of the students-future pedagogues. Competence is an integral part of an educational institution, but the level of knowledge and, above all, the experience gained is a fundamental component of their effectiveness and prestige. The competence of the university is the sum of the competences of its staff. And this is already a specific value. The competence of the university teaching staff is the determining factor that influences the training of specialists for the field of education through the transfer of personal knowledge and experience. In the view of the author of the article, the sum of the competences of university teaching staff needs to be conceived not as a simple collection of professional competences of teaching staff, but as a unique well-coordinated mechanism.
Evaluarea competenței metacognitive în învățământul gimnazial
Authors: TOMA Mariana
Published: May 2024

The article addresses the issue of assessing metacognitive competence. The paper presents various ways of evaluating it, there are two models of grids.
Systemic Risks of Financial Management in the International Projects: Global Investments and Financial Management as a Component of National Security
Authors: Plo Svitlana
Published: May 2024

"The article attempts to investigate the landscape of today global financial system and instabilities observed in it. Special emphasis is placed on geopolitical factors determining disturbances and risks for financial security of the state as a crucial part of national security. It is shown that, due to rapidly growing action of geopolitics as non-random influence factor, systemic risks in the international projects are acquiring very complex and multifaceted nature, and global investments and financial management are among the most important components of national security."
Impact of Tamil Nadu Irrigated Agriculture Modernization Project Melur Farmer Producer Organization Company Ltd.,- A Socio-economic Analysis
Authors: K Muthulakshmi,
Published: May 2024

"The Indian government has declared 2014 to be the “Year of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPO).”Thousands of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) had registered around the country under the various legislation, like cooperative laws, trusts, federations and more recently, the Corporations Act as producer companies. Even though, there is a lack in technical aspects of FPO. So this study was focussed on FPO and conducted in the TNIAMP (Tamil Nadu Irrigated Agriculture Modernization Project) Melur Farmer Producer Organization Company Ltd., to assess the factors which influencing the status of the FPO member. This study was conducted among 30 FPO members and 30non-members of FPO selected based on the purposive cum random sampling tool using well-designed interview schedule. The results of the study revealed that, the 43.33 per cent members of FPO getting higher profit (> 6,00,000 `) than non-members. Hence, government should create the awareness regarding the various activities involved in the FPO, should maintain proper infrastructure development for FPOs, proper computer literacy guidelines for FPOs, proper guidelines to raising the technical skills of FPO members and cold storage facilities for all FPOs dealing with the perishable commodities among others."