bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Child Marriage in Bangladesh: Exploring the Societal and Legal Implications
Authors: Hussain Dr. Abdullah-Al-Monzur
Published: March 2024

Child marriage is one of the social problems in Bangladesh. There are a lot of reasons why it happens. Poverty, negligence in sending children to education, societal pressure, harassment, and marriageable dowry are considered the foremost reasons for child marriage in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, child marriage may have several negative effects. The current study demonstrates that child marriage has significant negative social, economic, and cultural repercussions, as well as substantial health costs. Early-aged girls are more likely to give birth to babies, endangering the mother's life and increasing the risk of miscarriage, infant mortality, and malnutrition. However, maternal health risks are quite high, and a woman in her 20s has a five-fold greater chance of dying during pregnancy or delivery if she is a girl under the age of 15. Girls who marry as children face danger and hardship. Young brides run the risk of starting impoverished and ending up poor. Such a marriage restricts their access to education and a good life, endangers their health, and lessens their chances and opportunities for
Exploring the Obstacles Women Migrants from Developing World Experience in Europe: The Role of Gender
Authors: Sagor Lutfunnessa , Aktar Nahid
Published: March 2024

Female migrants from developing countries have increased rapidly in recent decades, while migration to Europe has exercised agency in the face of multifaceted challenges. This study explores the challenges faced by women who immigrate to Europe from developing countries. Ittakes an ethnographic approach to explore challenges to feminist and postcolonial theories to conduct the study. Despite numerous works on migration law, there is a dearth of postcolonial research on discrimination against migrant women in developing countries in Europe.Therefore, this paper examines how gender plays a role in the various forms of prejudice and marginalisationof these women and their limited economic potential. In addition, it suggests how to make things better for migrant women in Europe, such as increasing access to resources and support services, increasing education and employment opportunities, and recognising their rights as equal citizens.
Phytochemical Screening and in vitro Antibacterial Activity of Typhonium trilobatum Methanolic extract
Authors: Addow Abdullahi Mohamud , Kawser Md. , Das Sharmista , Dina Sauda Sumaya
Published: March 2024

Typhoniumtrilobatum (Family: Araceae) is a common vegetable and a useful perennial herb in traditional medicine found all over Bangladesh. The purpose of this study was to evaluate thephytochemical screening,totalphenoliccontent, total flavonoid content and antibacterial activity of Typhoniumtrilobatum species. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids,phenoliccompounds and reducing sugar. Theantibacterialstudy resultconfirmed that the crude methanolic extract ofTyphoniumtrilobatumhas the ability to inhibit bacterial growth. The higher antibacterial activity was foundagainst Gram-negative bacteria Shigella bodydiiwhere the zone of inhibition wasfound 12 mm for1000µg/disc extract. The lowest inhibitory activity was found against Salmonella paratyphi with 8 mm zone of inhibition. The presence of total phenolic and flavonoid contents was found10.8mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE/gm) and 6.5 mg quercetin equivalent (QE/gm), respectively in each gram of Typhoniumtrilobatum methanolic extract.The antibacterial effects of the Typhoniumtrilobatumleaves extract may be linked to the presence of phenolic and flavonoid components. However, further studies are required to obtain more reliable information.
Exploring the Nexus between Money Supply and Interest Rates: A Focus on Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Asma
Published: March 2024

Theoretically, money supply and interest rates are interrelated. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between money supply and interest rates from the perspective of Bangladesh. Using yearly time series data, this paper employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model and Bound test. The main findings of the study indicate both long-run and short-run positive correlations between these variables. So, to formulate the monetary policy for our country, policymakers should consider the empirical evidence of the positive correlation between money supply and interest rate. This study has significant policy implications for shaping the monetary policy of Bangladesh.
Network_Protocol_Entity_Extraction_Based_on_Few_shot_Learning
Authors: Chang Zhiyuan , Li Shoubin
Published: March 2024

Knowledge Graph is a new way of knowledge collections, and building a protocol knowledge graph on RFCs can help us study and analyse network protocol better. Protocol entity extraction is one of the keys to constructing the network protocol knowledge graph.Because RFC (Request For Comments) contains detailed descriptions of basic Internet communication protocols, the protocol entities of the network can be obtained from it. However, the document format and wording are not uniform, which leads to the inability to complete the extraction task of network protocol entities based on traditional rule information extraction methods. Therefore, this paper proposes a network protocol entity extraction method based on Few-Shot Learning. This method can use a very small amount of labeled samples to extract network protocol entities from a large number of unlabeled samples and maintain high recognition accuracy. This method firstly mines as many potential network protocol entities as possible in the RFC document, and secondly performs accurate re-identification of the identified potential network protocol entities. Experiments show that using 5 manually annotated RFC documents to train our model, the accuracy of network protocol entity extraction reaches 88.4%. Compared with the existing methods, this method has higher accuracy and better robustness in terms of network protocol entity extraction, and it also has better identification ability for network protocol entities that have not appeared in the training set.
Navigating the Evolving Scientific Communication: The Impact of ‘Top Italian Scientists’ on Modern Research and Innovation
Authors: Striano Pasquale
Published: March 2024

Scientific communication is undergoing a transformative evolution in the digital age, with The Top Italian Scientists Journal (TISJ) at the forefront of this revolution. This article explores the dynamic interplay between modern scientific writing, research methodologies, evaluation criteria, and the influential role of TISJ in shaping the Italian scientific landscape. We delve into innovations in scientific communication and research practices while offering practical insights for authors to navigate this evolving landscape.
Pengembangan Media Pohon Pintar untuk Siswa Kelas I MI Tarbiyatul Huda
Authors: Ulfa Nanik , Saffida Aulia , Chatib Romadlon
Published: March 2024

Learning media in madrasah ibtidaiyah is still very limited, especially in addition and subtraction material. This study aims to produce Smart Tree learning media on Addition and Subtraction Materials in Class I MI Tarbiyatul Huda Arjowinangun Malang City which meets valid and practical criteria. This type of research is development research, the development research model used is the Borg and Gall development model, namely: a) research and collection of initial information, b) planning, c) development of initial product format, d) expert validation test, e) product revision, f) small group trial, g) product revision, h) large group trial, i) final product refinement, j) dissemination, but in this study only until the large group trial stage due to time constraints. Data collection techniques were carried out by researchers using questionnaires, observations, and tests. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the results of layout practicality validation were 96%, material validation was 80%, and 80% media validation. The results of the data analysis of the field trial test showed an increase from the average value of the pretest results was 68.3% and the average post-test was 82.2%. Also obtained are the test results of tcount≥ ttable which is 2.91 ≥ 1.75, meaning Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, there is a significant difference in the implementation of the Smart Tree learning media. This shows that the Smart Tree learning media is feasible to use and can improve student learning outcomes.
Menjadi Guru Profesional: Sekadar Profesi atau Panggilan Hati
Authors: Iqbal Farabi Sufi M , Wahidah Wahidah , Wiandari Fadhillah
Published: March 2024

One way for teachers to be total in teaching and educating is to improve their welfare in terms of income. But also, teachers must always improve their knowledge and abilities to become professional educators so that they have a real influence on students in applying the results of learning in their daily lives. This research aims to find out the quality standards, professionalism, and efforts to improve teacher professionalism in teaching. The type of research used is a literature study with a qualitative descriptive approach. The results show that the government has made efforts to improve teacher professionalism. Among other things, teachers are required to have a minimum education of S-1, participate in teacher work deliberation forums, and provide teacher certification. But in fact, some teachers do not fulfill their calling in educating and are more material-oriented. The teaching profession must be based on a calling to achieve the goals of national education. At the very least, teachers must be qualified and professional in their fields to be exemplary and quality teachers.
Pendekatan Berbasis Lingkungan: Alternatif Stimulus Sikap Saintis Siswa MI
Authors: Sari Rita , Prasetyo Sigit
Published: March 2024

Sains yang bersifat abstrak kemudian harus dikonkretkan dalam pembelajaran. Agar siswa memahami konsep sains dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Maka guru dapat memilih pendekatan yang sesuai dengan karakteristik mata pelajaran dan siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan sebuah pendekatan yang menjadi alternatif menumbuhkan profil saintis pada siswa MI. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif pre-experimental design. Observasi dan tes hasil belajar dipakai untuk mengukur kemajuan belajar siswa sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa pendekatan berbasis lingkungan mampu meningkatkan sikap saintis siswa. Sikap saintis yang dimaksud adalah (1) rasa ingin tahu; (2) jujur; (3) terbuka terhadap kritikan; (4) toleran; (5) optimis; (6) pemberani; (7) kreatif atau swadaya; dan (8) tidak dapat menerima kebenaran tanpa bukti. Rekomendasi penelitian ini memungkinkan kepada guru di MI/SD untuk memanipulasi pembelajaran IPA dengan selektif memilih pendekatan pembelajaran yang tepat dan sesuai pada kondisi pembelajaran agar hasil yang diinginkan dapat tercapai.
Analysis of the practical implementation of the mechanism of unaccountable form of VAT calculation
Authors: Palamarchuk Oleg Olegovich
Published: March 2024

In the author's scientific article "The need and prerequisites for conducting an unaccountable form of VAT calculation", potential opportunities for the practical application of a new concept of VAT calculation, the essence of which is to simplify the calculation procedure, consisting in the abolition of a number of requirements, rules and procedures. The tax authorities will only issue electronic invoices, according to which the authorities will calculate the tax automatically. The new concept will entail a change in the procedure for calculating tax and its administration, which may lead to incorrect calculation of tax and may cause an increase in shortfall in state revenues, which requires a preliminary calculation of such losses. Since there are many rules and benefits, losses can be obtained from each such factor, which requires an analysis of state revenues for each article. The purpose of this work is to identify VAT transactions with the maximum risk of incorrect calculation of VAT by the tax authority on the invoice. The main conclusion in this work is the presence of risks of incorrect filling of the taxpayer's invoice and calculation of tax by the tax authority at the level of 30%, which is explained by the fact that about 70% of invoices do not contain features and subtleties, but are compiled as a general rule in the form of applying a tax rate of 20% to each sale according to the corresponding the invoice. However, these risks can be minimized by minor revision of the invoice without significant addition of new details, since each additional detail entails the risk of incorrect filling in, which increases the likelihood of erroneous registration of the document.
Kilohertz Transcranial Magnetic Perturbation (kTMP): A New Non-invasive Method to Modulate Cortical Excitability
Authors: Labruna Ludovica , Merrick Christina , Peterchev Angel V , Inglis Ben , Ivry Richard B , Sheltraw Daniel
Published: March 2024

Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) provides a method for safely perturbing brain activity, and has been employed in basic research to test hypotheses concerning brain-behavior relationships with increasing translational applications.We introduce and evaluate a novel subthreshold NIBS method: kilohertz transcranial magnetic perturbation (kTMP). KTMP is a magnetic induction method that delivers continuous kHz-frequency cortical electric fields which may be amplitude-modulated to potentially mimic electrical activity at endogenous frequencies.We used TMS to compare the amplitude of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) in a hand muscle before and after kTMP. In Experiment 1, we applied kTMP for 10 min over motor cortex to induce an E-field amplitude of approximately 2.0 V/m, comparing the effects of waveforms at frequencies of 2.0, 3.5, or 5.0 kHz. In Experiments 2 and 3 we used two forms of amplitude-modulated kTMP with a carrier frequency at 3.5 kHz and modulation frequencies of either 20 or 140 Hz.The only percept associated with kTMP was an auditory tone, making kTMP amenable for double-blind experimentation. Relative to sham stimulation, non-modulated kTMP at 2.0 and 3.5 kHz resulted in an increase in cortical excitability, with Experiments 2 and 3 providing a replication of this effect for the 3.5 kHz condition. Although amplitude-modulated kTMP increased MEP amplitude compared to sham, no enhancement was found compared to non-modulated kTMP.kTMP opens a new experimental NIBS space inducing relatively large amplitude subthreshold E-fields able to increase cortical excitability with minimal sensation.
Distinguishing mutants that resist drugs via different mechanisms by examining fitness tradeoffs across hundreds of fluconazole-resistant yeast strains
Authors: Schmidlin Kara , Apodaca Sam , Newell Daphne , Sastokas Alexander , Kinsler Grant , Geiler-Samerotte Kerry
Published: March 2024

There is growing interest in designing multidrug therapies that leverage tradeoffs to combat resistance. Tradeoffs are common in evolution and occur when, for example, resistance to one drug results in sensitivity to another. Major questions remain about the extent to which tradeoffs are reliable, specifically, whether the mutants that provide resistance to a given drug all suffer similar tradeoffs. This question is difficult because the drug-resistant mutants observed in the clinic, and even those evolved in controlled laboratory settings, are often biased towards those that provide large fitness benefits. Thus, the mutations (and mechanisms) that provide drug resistance may be more diverse than current data suggests. Here, we perform evolution experiments utilizing lineage-tracking to capture a fuller spectrum of mutations that give yeast cells a fitness advantage in fluconazole, a common antifungal drug. We then quantify fitness tradeoffs for each of 774 evolved mutants across 12 environments, finding these mutants group into 6 classes with characteristically different tradeoffs. Their unique tradeoffs may imply that each group of mutants affects fitness through different underlying mechanisms. Some of the groupings we find are surprising. For example, we find some mutants that resist single drugs do not resist their combination, and some mutants to the same gene have different tradeoffs than others. These findings, on one hand, demonstrate the difficulty in relying on consistent or intuitive tradeoffs when designing multidrug treatments. On the other hand, by demonstrating that hundreds of adaptive mutations can be reduced to a few groups with characteristic tradeoffs, our findings empower multidrug strategies that leverage tradeoffs to combat resistance. Finally, by grouping mutants that likely affect fitness through similar underlying mechanisms, our work guides efforts to map the phenotypic effects of mutation.
Nicotine enhances the stemness and tumorigenicity in intestinal stem cells via Hippo-YAP/TAZ and Notch signal pathway
Authors: Isotani Ryosuke , Igarashi Masaki , Miura Masaomi , Naruse Kyoko , Kuranami Satoshi , Katoh Manami , Nomura Seitaro , Yamauchi Toshimasa
Published: March 2024

Cigarette smoking is a well-known risk factor inducing the development and progression of various diseases. Nicotine (NIC) is the major constituent of cigarette smoke. However, knowledge of the mechanism underlying the NIC-regulated stem cell functions is limited. In this study, we demonstrate that NIC increases the abundance and proliferative activity of murine intestinal stem cells (ISCs) in vivo and ex vivo. Moreover, NIC induces Yes-associated protein (YAP) /Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and Notch signaling in ISCs via α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAchR) and protein kinase C (PKC) activation; this effect was not detected in Paneth cells. The inhibition of Notch signaling by dibenzazepine (DBZ) nullified the effects of NIC on ISCs. NIC enhances in vivo tumor formation from ISCs after loss of the tumor suppressor gene Apc, DBZ inhibited NIC-induced tumor growth. Hence, this study identifies a NIC-triggered pathway regulating the stemness and tumorigenicity of ISCs and suggests the use of DBZ as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating intestinal tumors.
International Master’s Degree Students’ Experiences of Support at a Finnish University
Authors: Ballo Anduena , Varis Sotiria , Mathies Charles , Filippou Kalypso
Published: March 2024

This phenomenographic study explores international master’s degree students’ ways of experiencing support in Finnish higher education. The study draws on Schlossberg’s Transition Model and the Culturally Engaging Campus Environments Model as a conceptual framework. The phenomenographic analysis of 17 interviews with international master’s degree students identified four ways of experiencing support as: (a) study system adjustment, (b) learning enhancement, (c) personal growth, and (d) autonomy development. The findings identified participants’ experiencing support in relationships, use of information, communication, services, the flexibility of studies, learning and study environments. The presence of two indicators, Humanizing Educational Environments and Availability of Holistic Support suggested that the campus environment was culturally responsive to academic and personal support of international degree students. The findings contribute to the understanding of support for international degree students in higher education and may be used to develop services to support international degree students’ social, cultural, and career integration into host communities.
The reconstruction of equivalent underlying model based on direct causality for multivariate time series
Authors: Xu Liyang , Wang Dezheng
Published: March 2024

This article presents a novel approach for reconstructing an equivalent underlying model and deriving a precise equivalent expression through the use of direct causality topology. Central to this methodology is the transfer entropy method, which is instrumental in revealing the causality topology. The polynomial fitting method is then applied to determine the coefficients and intrinsic order of the causality structure, leveraging the foundational elements extracted from the direct causality topology. Notably, this approach efficiently discovers the core topology from the data, reducing redundancy without requiring prior domain-specific knowledge. Furthermore, it yields a precise equivalent model expression, offering a robust foundation for further analysis and exploration in various fields. Additionally, the proposed model for reconstructing an equivalent underlying framework demonstrates strong forecasting capabilities in multivariate time series scenarios.
Biochar’s role in improving pakchoi quality and microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil
Authors: Wu Xia , Yang Fengjun , Zhang Jili , Gao Feng , Hu Yi Chen , Yang Kejun , Wang Peng
Published: March 2024

Background

Biochar amendments enhance crop productivity and improve agricultural quality. To date, studies on the correlation between different amounts of biochar in pakchoi (Brassica campestris L.) quality and rhizosphere soil microorganisms are limited, especially in weakly alkaline soils. The experiment was set up to explore the effect of different concentrations of biochar on vegetable quality and the correlation between the index of quality and soil bacterial community structure changes.

Methods

The soil was treated in the following ways via pot culture: the blank control (CK) without biochar added and with biochar at different concentrations of 1% (T1), 3% (T2), 5% (T3), and 7% (T4). Here, we investigatedthe synergistic effect of biochar on the growth and quality of pakchoi, soil enzymatic activities, and soil nutrients. Microbial communities from pakchoi rhizosphere soil were analyzed by Illumina MiSeq.

Results

The results revealed that adding 3% biochar significantly increased plant height, root length, and dry weight of pakchoi and increased the contents of soluble sugars, soluble proteins, Vitamin C (VC), cellulose, and reduced nitrate content in pakchoi leaves. Meanwhile, soil enzyme activities and available nutrient content in rhizosphere soil increased. This study demonstrated that the the microbial community structure of bacteria in pakchoi rhizosphere soil was changed by applying more than 3% biochar. Among the relatively abundant dominant phyla, Gemmatimonadetes, Anaerolineae, Deltaproteobacteria and Verrucomicrobiae were reduced, and Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, and Acidimicrobiia relative abundance increased. Furthermore, adding 3% biochar reduced the relative abundance of Gemmatimonas and increased the relative abundances of Ilumatobacter, Luteolibacter, Lysobacter, Arthrobacter, and Mesorhizobium. The nitrate content was positively correlated with the abundance of Gemmatimonadetes, and the nitrate content was significantly negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Ilumatobacter. Carbohydrate transport and metabolism in the rhizosphere soil of pakchoi decreased, and lipid transport and metabolism increased after biochar application.

Conclusion

Overall, our results indicated that applying biochar improved soil physicochemical states and plant nutrient absorption, and affected the abundance of dominant bacterial groups (e.g., Gemmatimonadetes and Ilumatobacter), these were the main factors to increase pakchoi growth and promote quality of pakchoi. Therefore, considering the growth, quality of pakchoi, and soil environment, the effect of using 3% biochar is better.
Project MBO (Mastery of Basic Operations) In Improving the Numeracy Level of the K-3 Elementary Learners
Authors: Bauyon Ma. Christina
Published: March 2024

The Department of Education prioritizes improving literacy and numeracy in early learners, according to a joint research center funded by the Australian government and tasked with advising the government on improving the basic education system amid a pandemic. The rationale of the study is to improve the academic performance of the Key Stage 1 learners, encourage them to strive for excellence, and help them appreciate the application of different mathematical concepts in real-life situations. Furthermore, this integration of a new pedagogical approach reinforces the implementation of interactive approaches in classroom mathematics and other learning areas so learners' performance in mathematics will increase and improve to above mastery level. The study used a descriptive quantitative design. Instruments such as the EGMA tool and teachers' self-made supplementary material were employed to assess the efficacy of the inquiry-based learning strategy as measured by the mathematical achievement of K-3 Learners. The data showed significant differences between the learners’ performance before and after Project MBO implementation through the different interventions of the K-3 teachers, such as the validated instructional materials and interactive lessons. Based on the findings of the study, a compendium plan served as the output of the study.
Economic modelling of water storage, irrigation and crop choice under water scarcity
Authors:   , Strappa García de la Huerta Valentina
Published: March 2024

In the context of climate change's impact on water resources, this thesis investigates three adaptive strategies for water use in agriculture: - Changing the irrigation policy: Examining farmers' responses to water availability uncertainty, especially for permanent crops, the study employs a dynamic economic model considering intertemporal effects. The results emphasize the tradeoff between water dose and crop area under water restrictions, crucial for optimal irrigation decisions.- Water storage policies: Addressing the need for efficient water management, the research focus on dam operating rules. Integrating rational expectations, the study develops optimal storage policies based on expected future water resources. Findings underscore the importance of bounded capacity in mitigating the effects of decreased mean water inflows.- Changing the crop mix: Exploring water scarcity's impact on crop choice in low- to medium-income nations, the study proposes an economic model where water, not land, is the primary decision variable for farmers. The research employs a multinomial logistic structure to analyze water allocations for crop choices in Peru.This interdisciplinary research integrates dynamic economic modeling to provide insights into optimal irrigation, water storage, and crop choice strategies, contributing to understanding adaptive responses amid changing climatic conditions and resource pressures.
Implementation of a Decision Support Rule for fungicides application against Botrytis cinerea in organic vineyards in Chile
Authors:   , Herrera Défaz Mario Andrés
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo se enfocó en el desarrollo e implementación de una regla de decisión para el manejo de Botrytis cinerea, un hongo patógeno que afecta a los viñedos. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue proporcionar una herramienta práctica y efectiva para los productores de uva orgánica, permitiéndoles optimizar el uso de biofungicidas y reducir los riesgos asociados con la enfermedad. La investigación se enfocó en la necesidad de encontrar soluciones que sean compatibles con los principios de la agricultura orgánica, evitando el uso de productos químicos sintéticos. En este sentido, se evaluaron diferentes enfoques, incluyendo el uso de biofungicidas comerciales y una nueva molécula desarrollada a partir de quitosano y riboflavina. La metodología utilizada incluyó la recopilación de datos sobre la incidencia de Botrytis cinerea en viñedos orgánicos, así como pruebas de laboratorio para evaluar la eficacia de los diferentes tratamientos biofungicidas. Los resultados de la investigación demostraron la viabilidad y eficacia de la regla de decisión propuesta para el manejo de Botrytis cinerea en viñedos orgánicos usando indicadores clave en el desarrollo fenológico del cultivo. Esta regla de decisión se basa en un conjunto de criterios que tienen en cuenta factores como el estado fenológico de la vid, las condiciones climáticas locales (temperatura y humedad relativa). Con relación a los tratamientos evaluados, se encontró que tanto algunos de los biofungicidas comerciales, y la nueva molécula basada en quitosano y riboflavina mostraron resultados prometedores en la reducción de la incidencia del patógeno. Estos hallazgos sugieren que existe un potencial considerable para el desarrollo de alternativas sustentables y efectivas para el manejo de botritis en viñedos orgánicos.
Detrás de las pantallas: exposición a internet móvil y desarrollo de los infantes chilenos
Authors:   , Daniel Doren Florencia Isabel
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo estudia el acceso temprano a internet móovil, tanto en niños preescolares como en edad escolar, durante la última década en Chile, con el propósito de evaluar su impacto en el desarrollo cognitivo y socioemocional de los niños y niñas del país. Utilizando un modelo de datos de panel con efectos fijos individuales y temporales, se explota la expansión temporal y geográfica del acceso a internet. En particular, se aprovechan las diferencias a nivel comunal en la instalación de antenas que brindan internet móvil y su relación con resultados cognitivos y no cognitivos. Las estimaciones muestran impactos significativos positivos sobre el vocabulario receptivo, pero negativos sobre el desarrollo socioemocional de los infantes evaluados en una encuesta longitudinal nacional. No se encuentran efectos heterogéneos por género del infante, orden de nacimiento, niveles educativos de la madre o presencia del padre en el hogar, pero sí las estimaciones difieren estadísticamente entre infantes que viven en zonas urbanas o rurales, ya que sólo los segundos enfrentarían los efectos del acceso a internet móvil. En cuanto a los potenciales mecanismos, los resultados sugieren que los efectos están impulsados por un mayor tiempo en pantallas (mecanismo directo) y un efecto de sustitución en el tiempo de interacción con los padres en actividades recreativas (mecanismo indirecto).
READING THE FUTURE OF SPACE AT THE INTERSECTION OF DESIGN AND SCIENCE: MICHIO KAKU
Authors: Kucak Toprak Gizem
Published: March 2024

The main aim of the research, titled "Reading the Future of Space at the Intersection of Design and Science: Michio Kaku," is to conduct research and raise awareness about what to expect in terms of future spaces and designs. Discussions about the future of space date back to the 19th century, and advances in science and technology are now influencing space and design in terms of construction, information technologies, functional and physical properties, and the way space is perceived. This study discusses the future of space through the lens of Michio Kaku, focusing on current scientific and technological developments. Michio Kaku, a prominent scientist and theoretical physicist known for his recent contributions to various discoveries, discusses the possibilities of the future of space and design in his works such as "The Physics of the Future," "Parallel Worlds," and "The Future of Humanity" (Kaku, 2011, 2019b, 2019a). An examination of relevant sources highlights concepts such as virtual space and technology-integrated spaces, which suggest that new types of spaces will come to humanity in the future. There is a high probability that existing spaces will disappear, change their form, and alter their functions. However, there is no suggestion that artificial intelligence or technology will replace humans in realizing the future designs. It is emphasized that creativity and imagination are directly linked to humans. In designing the future spaces integrated with science and technology, human beings will once again play a key role. Therefore, it is recommended that priority be given to the education and training of designers and architects who have the skills to design future spaces and that appropriate measures be taken.
Percepciones sociales en torno a los ríos temporales, ¿qué sabemos actualmente?
Authors: Rodríguez-Lozano Pablo
Published: March 2024

A pesar de nuestro creciente conocimiento sobre los ríos temporales, en la mayoría de los casos estos aún carecen de una protección efectiva. Muchos estudios han sugerido que la percepción social negativa en torno a estos socio-ecosistemas es una de las principales barreras para su conservación. Aunque la evidencia empírica en este campo es muy escasa, los estudios sobre preferencia estética de paisajes han demostrado la preferencia por paisajes que contienen agua frente a los que carecen de este elemento. En esta línea, varios estudios recientes han comparado las percepciones sociales de ríos temporales y permanentes, confirmando la existencia de una percepción más negativa hacia los temporales, tanto referida al valor estético, como a su valor para la biodiversidad y el bienestar humano. Además, estos estudios señalan cómo tres factores socioculturales modulan las percepciones sociales sobre ríos temporales: la educación, el contexto climático y la conexión con la naturaleza
Fabrication of Distal Extension Removable Partial Denture with Surveyed Crown and Altered Cast Technique: A Case Report
Authors: -Oulabi Ayman AL , Ariffin Azirrawani , Johari Yanti
Published: March 2024

Support and stability for a Removable Partial Denture (RPD) are difficult to achieve in a distal extension edentulous ridge and are even more compromised in reduced dentition. The combination of the altered cast technique and milled crown in removable partial denture fabrication would greatly enhance support by redistributing the load more effectively. However, it is not routinely practiced due to the complexity of the treatment and the lack of emphasis in dental curriculum. In the present case of a 54-year-old male, despite several attempts at wearing the denture, the patient was unable to tolerate it. The atrophic mandibular ridge and poor inclination of the abutment tooth seemed to be complicating factors. Therefore, the prosthesis required some modifications. The present case report highlights the Applegate altered cast technique, which can be deployed with a milled crown, including the clinical and laboratory stages involved. This might help to overcome the problems encountered with distal end saddle dentures, making them more tolerable to patients.
Evaluation of Nutritional Quality and Organoleptic Properties of Soy-poundo Yam Flour
Authors: Okoye J. I. , Nwodo J. I. , Eze S. I.
Published: March 2024

This study was designed specifically to evaluate the nutrient composition and sensory properties of soy-poundo yam flours produced from white yam and soybean flours. The white yam tubers and soybean seeds were processed into flours and blended in the ratios of 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50, respectively and used to produce soy-poundo yam flours with 100 % instant yam flour used as control. The samples of soy-poundo yam flour produced were evaluated for nutrient composition and sensory properties using standard methods. The moisture, crude protein, fat, ash  and crude fibre contents of the samples increased significantly (p<0.05) with increase in substitution of soybean flour from 7.56 - 8.36%,  4.41 – 21.14%,  4.18- 5.09%, 2.51- 4.16% and 2.76 - 4.06%, respectively, while their carbohydrate and energy contents decreased from 78.74-57.21% and 370.16- 359.15KJ/100g, respectively. The mineral composition of the samples revealed that the potassium, magnesium, manganese, iron, zinc and copper contents of the products ranged from 78.34 – 164.11mg/100g, 2.46 -17.14mg/100g, 20.48 -125.53mg/100g,1.56 -2.23mg/100g, 1.78 -263mg/100g and 2.88 – 3.64mg/100g, respectively. The vitamin content of the samples showed that the vitamin A, pyridoxine, ascorbic acid, thiamine, vitamin E and niacin contents ranged from 12.00-12.70mg/100g, 2.28-2.59mg/100g, 16.1-17.07mg/100g, 56.07- 74.46mg/100g, 3.34-4.10mg/100g and 2.29 -3.22mg/100g, respectively with the control sample having the least values for all the vitamins evaluated. The sensory properties of the soy-poundo yam flour doughs obtained upon reconstitution of the samples with boiling water also revealed that the colour, taste, texture and aroma of the control sample (Poundo yam prepared from 100% instant yam flour) were the most acceptable to the assessors compared to the samples prepared from the substituted samples. Although the poundo yam dough made from the control sample was the most acceptable, the other test samples prepared from soy-yam composite blends were equally acceptable based on their relatively high scores in all the sensory attributes evaluated by the judges. The study, therefore, showed that the enrichment of yam flour with soybean at different graded levels would not only improve the nutrient contents of soy-poundo yam flour but would also add varieties to poundo yam meal due to improvement in its colour and texture.
Identification of Marine Zooplankton in the Maheshkhali Channel, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Ayshi Ferdousi Anjum , Mugdha Ashiqur Rahman , Jahan Roksana
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the study was to identify and characterize marine zooplankton in the Maheshkhali Channel, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. A total of 25 species were identified from the samples collected from the surface water during November, 2022. They were categorized into 4 major groups such as copepoda, crustaceans, ichthyoplankton and meroplankton. Copepods were the most dominant. Among the copepods, Oithona sp., Oncaea sp., Calanus sp., Subeucalanus flemingeri, Cyclops sp., Acartia sp., Labidocera sp. and Canthocalanus pauper were ubiquitous, with Oithona brevicornis, Oithona nana, Acartia tonsa, Subeucalanus sp. being moderately frequent. The presence of Centropages sp., Paracalanus aculeatus, Paracalanus sp., Pseudodiaptomas sp. and Acartia (Odonticartia) ohtsukai were rare. Shrimp larvae, crab zoea and ichthyoplankton were moderately found. Mysid shrimps were found to be highly prevalent whereas ctenophora larvae were less frequent. Copepod, naupliar larvae and copepodites were observed to be consistently present throughout the observed area. The identified species possess great significance in the marine food web.  This investigation is the baseline study of marine zooplankton in the Maheshkhali Channel. Further research, therefore, is recommended to identify zooplankton species through microscopic and molecular methods in the coastal waters of Bangladesh.
Sarcasm Detection in Pidgin Tweets Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Ladoja Khadijat T , Afape Ruth T
Published: March 2024

Detecting sarcasm in social media is of growing importance for applications such as monitoring, consumer feedback, and sentiment analysis. However, detecting sarcasm in Pidgin tweets poses unique challenges due to the blend of English and Pidgin languages, along with local cultural references. Existing models for sarcasm detection in English lack appropriate annotated data for Pidgin. This scarcity hinders the development of effective machine learning models. This research aims to address these challenges and create a model for accurate sarcasm detection in Pidgin tweets. Logistic Regression, XGBoost, Random Forest, and Vanilla Artificial Neural Network (ANN) classifiers were assessed, focusing on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics on sarcasm data collected by curating and pre-processing a dataset of Nigerian Pidgin tweets. The XGBoost model demonstrated notable performance, attaining an accuracy of 85.78%, precision of 88.57%, recall of 94.44%, and F1-score of 91.41%. These outcomes underscored the model's prowess in discerning sarcastic and non-sarcastic expressions. By unfolding the intricacies of language in the Nigerian context, this research into sarcasm identification in Nigerian Pidgin text data introduced a comprehensive pipeline encompassing data curation, exploratory analysis, culturally tailored pre-processing, model training, evaluation, and prediction.
Heritability, Genetic Advance and Correlation Analysis for Grain Yield and Yield Components of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Maring Kanshouwa Modunshim , Arya Madhuri , Prasanth Chetandeep
Published: March 2024

The experiment was performed to evaluate heritability, genetic advance and genetic correlation for grain yield and its components, in F1 populations by line x tester fashion. The results showed that most traits demonstrated high heritability, except for days to maturity (49%), which displayed moderate heritability. The traits like pods per plant (2.848), 100 seed weight (2.772), number of nodules per plant (2.529), grain yield per plant (3.081) and harvest index (3.786) exhibited a significant genetic advance. Grain yield exhibited positive and significant genetic correlations with pods per plant (0.878), root length (0.878), 100 seed weight (0.929), number of nodules per plant (0.913), and harvest index (0.964) but negative correlations with traits like days to maturity (-0.492) and plant height (-0.266). Correlated response analysis highlighted traits that positively influenced grain yield and suggested indirect selection or index selection for improvement.
Effect of Germination Time on the Properties of Flours from Red and Brown Varieties of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan) Seeds
Authors: Eze, S. I.  , Okoye, J. I.  , Onwuama, N. N.
Published: March 2024

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of germination time on the proximate composition, functional and pasting properties of flours from red and brown varieties of pigeon pea seeds. The red and brown pigeon pea seeds were cleaned and germinated for 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively and processed into flours, while the flours produced from the ungerminated red and brown pigeon pea seeds served as control samples. The flours obtained were analyzed for proximate, functional and pasting properties using standard methods. The proximate composition of the samples showed that the flours produced from the red pigeon pea seeds had a range of 6.24 – 9.34% moisture, 10.37 – 20.95% crude protein, 1.21 – 1.12% fat, 2.32 – 3.32% ash, 3.14 – 4.23% crude fibre, 76.75-61.07% carbohydrate and 329.29 – 338.10KJ/100g energy, while that of the brown pigeon pea flours had a range of 6.44-9.77% moisture, 10.47-23.69% crude protein, 1.23-1.13% fat, 2.42-3.13% ash, 3.18-4.31% crude fibre, 76.26-57.99% carbohydrate and 358.18-336.83KJ/100g energy. The functional properties of the red pigeon pea flours revealed that the bulk density, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, swelling capacity, gelation capacity and foam capacity ranged from 0.58-022 ml/g, 1.36-1.58 %, 1.40-1.61 %, 2.13-2.38 ml/g, 8.24-11.13 ml/g and 12.28-12.01 %, while that of the brown variety ranged from 0.63-0.36 ml/g, 1.47-1.69 %, 1.46-1.67 %, 1.67-2.46 ml/g, 8.88-11.41 ml/g and 13.33-13.06 %, respectively. The pasting properties of the red pigeon pea flours also showed that the peak, trough, breakdown, set back and final viscosities as well as the peak time and pasting temperature ranged from 3.10 – 5.556cP, 3.35 – 4.86cP, 2.65 – 4.57cP, 5.23 – 7.75cP, 8.82 -10.02cP, 6.79 – 7.34min and 69.79 – 92.710C, while that of the brown variety ranged from 3.59 – 6.21cP, 4.19 – 5.61cP, 3.77 – 5.23cP, 5.59 – 8.25cP, 9.60 – 11.08cP, 7.07 – 7.99min and 80.11 – 99.21oC, respectively. The study, however, revealed that the flours produced from both the red and brown pigeon pea seeds could be generally used as nutrient dense and functional ingredients in the preparation of a wide range of food products especially in Nigeria and other developing countries of the world where there is acute shortage of protein in order to ensure food and nutritional security.
A Review of Research on Recycled Aggregate Concrete Filled Steel Tube
Authors: Guo Xu
Published: March 2024

Recycled aggregate concrete filled steel tube as a new combined structural form, can effectively improve the inherent defects of recycled aggregate concrete. Existing studies are mainly theoretical analysis, experimental research and numerical simulation to investigate the mechanical properties and deformation capacity of recycled aggregate concrete filled steel tube columns. Based on the review of the current research status of recycled aggregate concrete filled steel tube columns in recent years, the basic mechanical properties, durability, seismic performance, fire and high temperature resistance of recycled aggregate concrete filled steel tube are described, and suggestions are made for future research directions.
Linguagem não binária em Pet, de Akwaeke Emezi
Authors: Ruiz Paggioro Sessino Toledo Barbosa Isabelle
Published: March 2024

O livro de Akwaeke Emezi, Pet, é sua segunda obra a chegar ao Brasil. Uma ficção infantojuvenil sobre uma utopia em que pessoas violentas e abusadoras eram tidas como monstros e, por isso, foram isoladas da sociedade graças aos anjos. Um mundo onde Chimia, uma adolescente trans que se comunica principalmente por língua de sinais, pode ter vida pacata – o que muda quando, do quadro de sua mãe sai um anjo, como se apresenta Pet. É elu quem a fará se questionar se a nova Lucille de fato está livre de monstros e, mais tarde, quem leva a cidade a questionar a abordagem escolhida até então para com monstros. Pet brinca com o imaginário infantojuvenil e apresenta linguagem não binária – diferente do livro anterior, Água Doce. Essa resenha se propõe a pensar o que significa a escolha por uma outra linguagem na obra e para quem o lê na esperança de, um dia, poder viver essa realidade também.
Transfobia e não binariedade
Authors: Dantas Lucas Silva
Published: March 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre o processo histórico do regime monossexual e da diferença sexual, termos elaborados por Preciado (2022), e de que maneira eles impactam nas construções de gênero e na manutenção da transfobia, aliado aos padrões da cisgeneridade; e analisar de que maneira a transfobia recai sobre as corporalidades trans não binárias cobrando uma coerência entre estética, passabilidade e gênero, para além das múltiplas formas de violência que assolam toda a comunidade trans de formas diversas. É um convite a ultrapassar as convenções da régua cisgênera, que continua a medir os corpos trans e a definir suas categorias de pertencimento e desumanidade. Para a construção dessa reflexão são utilizados autores como Preciado (2022), Bento (2016), Tonhon (2016), Quinalha (2022), entre outras autorias.
Não binariedade
Authors: Azevedo Dri
Published: March 2024

Apresentação da edição.
Combination of UDP‐Glc(NAc) 4′‐Epimerase and Galactose Oxidase in a One‐Pot Synthesis of Biotinylated Nucleotide Sugars
Authors: Namdjou Darius‐J. , Sauerzapfe Birgit , Schmiedel Judith , Dräger Gerald , Bernatchez Stéphane , Wakarchuk Warren W. , Elling Lothar
Published: February 2007

The enzymatic epimerization of uridine 5′‐diphospho‐α‐D‐glucose (UDP‐Glc, 1) and uridine 5′‐diphospho‐N‐acetyl‐α‐D‐glucosamine (UDP‐GlcNAc, 2) and the subsequent oxidation of uridine 5′‐diphospho‐α‐D‐galactose (UDP‐Gal, 3) and uridine 5′‐diphospho‐N‐acetyl‐α‐D‐galactosamine (UDP‐GalNAc, 4) were combined with chemical biotinylation with biotin‐ε‐amidocaproylhydrazide in a one‐pot synthesis. Analysis by CE and NMR revealed a mixture (1.0:1.4) of the biotinylated nucleotide sugars uridine 5′‐diphospho‐6‐biotin‐ε‐amidocaproylhydrazino‐α‐D‐galactose (UDP‐6‐biotinyl‐Gal, 7) and uridine 5′‐diphospho‐6‐biotin‐ε‐amidocaproylhydrazino‐α‐D‐glucose (UDP‐6‐biotinyl‐Glc, 9), respectively, in a reaction started with 1. One product, uridine 5′‐diphospho‐6‐biotin‐ε‐amidocaproylhydrazino‐N‐acetyl‐α‐D‐galactosamine (UDP‐6‐biotinyl‐GalNAc, 8) was formed when the reaction was initiated with 2. It could be demonstrated for the first time that a UDP‐Glc(NAc) 4′‐epimerase (Gne from Campylobacter jejuni) and galactose oxidase from Dactylium dendroides can be used simultaneously in enzymatic catalysis. This is of particular interest since the coaction of an enzyme demanding reductive conditions and an oxygen‐dependent oxidase is unexpected.