bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How does material adaptivity of smart objects shape infusion use? The pivot role of social embeddedness
Authors: Hu Qian , Pan Zhao , Lu Yaobin , Gupta Sumeet
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Advances in material agency driven by artificial intelligence (AI) have facilitated breakthroughs in material adaptivity enabling smart objects to autonomously provide individualized smart services, which makes smart objects act as social actors embedded in the real world. However, little is known about how material adaptivity fosters the infusion use of smart objects to maximize the value of smart services in customers' lives. This study examines the underlying mechanism of material adaptivity (task and social adaptivity) on AI infusion use, drawing on the theoretical lens of social embeddedness.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopted partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), mediating tests, path comparison tests and polynomial modeling to analyze the proposed research model and hypotheses.

Findings

The results supported the proposed research model and hypotheses, except for the hypothesis of the comparative effects on infusion use. Besides, the results of mediating tests suggested the different roles of social embeddedness in the impacts of task and social adaptivity on infusion use. The post hoc analysis based on polynomial modeling provided a possible explanation for the unsupported hypothesis, suggesting the nonlinear differences in the underlying influencing mechanisms of instrumental and relational embeddedness on infusion use.

Practical implications

The formation mechanisms of AI infusion use based on material adaptivity and social embeddedness help to develop the business strategies that enable smart objects as social actors to exert a key role in users' daily lives, in turn realizing the social and economic value of AI.

Originality/value

This study advances the theoretical research on material adaptivity, updates the information system (IS) research on infusion use and identifies the bridging role of social embeddedness of smart objects as agentic social actors in the AI context.
Self-perceived employability of undergraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of traits, knowledge sharing and trust
Authors: Nguyen Duong Tuan , Nguyen Thi Ngoc Hoai , Luu Van Binh , Bui Van Khanh , Nguyen Tra My
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This study aims to explore the impact of personality traits on self-perceived employability (SPE) and test if the associations are mediated by knowledge sharing (KS) through online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the moderation effect of trust in the relationship between KS and SPE was examined.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on Big Five Personality Trait Model and KS model, the authors proposed and tested the research framework with 341 samples collected from university students who experienced online learning during the social distancing caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The measurement model was assessed to confirm the validity and reliability of the structure, then hypothesis testing was performed with the partial least square-structural equational model (PLS-SEM).

Findings

The results showed that extraversion and agreeableness positively affected SPE through KS. Moreover, trust played a moderating role on the effect of KS on SPE.

Practical implications

Based on the research findings, the authors suggest that academic institutions, especially universities, should provide opportunities for students to explore their personality traits. Second, the university should organize specific activities that promote knowledge sharing among students. Third, the university should encourage the creation of platforms aimed at sharing knowledge in a reliable way that increases trust in responsiveness.

Originality/value

The present study contributes to the literature on SPE by presenting immediate empirical evidence on the relationship between personality traits and SPE, along with mediating and moderating effects. These findings provide meaningful implications for higher education institutions that implement online learning during challenging circumstances.
Transformative leadership conversation: a conceptualization and empirical test of its function
Authors: Adams Curt , Adigun Olajumoke Beulah , Fiegener Ashlyn , Olsen Jentre J.
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The study begins by defining and conceptualizing Transformative Leadership Conversation (TLC). The conceptualization addresses the meaning of transformation, sensemaking and learning dialogue, and the conversation structures of framing, questioning and listening, and affirming. Next, the authors build a theoretical argument from self-determination theory on the function of TLC. The study concludes with an empirical test of the structure and function of TLC.

Design/methodology/approach

There were two parts to the empirical study. First, the authors designed and tested a scale to measure TLC by its structural features (e.g. questioning, listening and affirming language). Second, the authors used a correlational design with ex-post facto data to test the primary assumption that TLC activates autonomous motivation and action. Data came from a random sample of 2,500 teachers in a southwestern state. Useable responses were obtained from 1,615 teachers, for a response rate of 65%.

Findings

The empirical tests reveal that the 12-item and 6-item measure of the School Leader Transformative Conversation Scale present valid and reliable evidence on the frequent use of TLC. Consistent with the hypothesized model, TLC had a direct, positive relationship with teacher vitality. It also had a negative relationship with autonomy frustration and a positive indirect effect on teacher vitality by reducing the negative effect of autonomy frustration.

Originality/value

TLC advances a new conceptual lens to study school leadership as a discursive process. The concept opens lines of inquiry that have not yet been examined in school settings.
Design for mixed model final assembly line (DfMMFAL): a new tool for assembly interface identification based on assembly process planning
Authors: Edouard M. Boyault , Camille Jean , Vincent Bernier , Améziane Aoussat
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to fulfil a need to identify assembly interfaces from existing products based on their Assembly Process Planning (APP). It proposes a tool to identify assembly interfaces responsible for reused components integration. It is integrated into a design for mixed model final assembly line approach by focusing on the identification of assembly interfaces as a generic tool. It aims to answer the problem of interfaces’ identification from the APP.

Design/methodology/approach

A tool is developed to identify assembly interfaces responsible for reused component integration. It is based on the use of a rule-based algorithm that analyses an APP and then submits the results to prohibition lists to check their relevance. The tool is then tested using a case study. Finally, the resulting list is subjected to a visual validation step to validate whether the identified interface is a real interface.

Findings

The results of this study are a tool named ICARRE which identify assembly interfaces using three steps. The tool has been validated by a case study from the helicopter industry.

Research limitations/implications

As some interfaces are not contained in the same assembly operations and therefore, may not have been identified by the rule-based algorithm. More research should be done by testing and improving the algorithm with other case studies.

Practical implications

The paper includes implications for new product development teams to address the difficulties of integrating reused components into different products.

Originality/value

This paper presents a tool for identifying interfaces when sources of knowledge do not allow the use of current methods.
Forging customer satisfaction through commitment-trust factors in financial insurance services: moderating role of corporate image
Authors: Saoula Oussama , Abid Muhammad Farrukh , Ahmad Munawar Javed , Shamim Amjad , Patwary Ataul Karim , Yusr Maha Mohammed
Published: June 2023

Purpose

It is widely evident that trust and commitment are important pillars for strengthening the relationship between financial service firms and their customers. However, it has not been explored how the service quality, perceived cost and role of agents are important for financial service firms. To overcome this gap, this study aims to investigate the role of service quality, perceived cost and the role of agents as the commitment–trust factors in the financial insurance service (Takaful) in Malaysia, enhancing customer satisfaction.

Design/methodology/approach

The study follows a quantitative design in which primary data was collected using a survey instrument. The measurement instrument was adapted from the previous research, and data were collected from 264 customers of the Takaful financial service organizations in Malaysia. The data were analyzed using variance-based structural equational modeling in Smart-PLS software.

Findings

This research has revealed several useful insights that demonstrate a significant impact on service quality, perceived cost and the agents’ role in forging close relationships with their customers. Corporate image has a moderating role in relationships and has significantly impacted takaful insurance companies. The results imply that regardless of the corporate image of the financial service organizations, customers are concerned about the prices and the quality of the agents’ services.

Research limitations/implications

In this study, only the predictors such as service quality, perceived costs and agents’ roles as trust–commitment factors were examined to determine customer satisfaction. Other investigations are highly recommended, such as value co-creation in takaful, takaful customer experience and takaful trust. This study offers insights to takaful insurance companies on how to keep up a positive corporate image, which will boost their trust–commitment factors and ultimately increase customer satisfaction.

Originality/value

By presenting commitment–trust factors and company image in an identifiable framework, the current study has expanded the discussion on takaful financial insurance services. The methodology is developed and rigorously tested to gauge customer satisfaction in takaful financial service organizations’ context.
A “new deal” for a sustainable future: enhancing circular economy by employing ESG principles and biomimicry for efficiency
Authors: Wamane Gopal Vasudeo
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The paper aims to explore the model of circular economy for promotion of principles of social inclusion, empathetic governance, and economic sustainability environmental resilience by examining the research gap on how to employ Environment, Social and Governance (ESG) framework, principles of biomimicry and reimagining an economic model of resourcefulness.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is a descriptive study based on review of literature. To analyse the research gaps, paper employs bibliometric research technique, well-accepted meta-analytical research of literature to find overlapping factors of relevance by examining most-cited authors, papers, as well as co-citation patterns (Kim, 2008). The method analyses the published data texts, information like authorship, citations, keywords, and illustrating linkages between and among articles about certain research topic (Fetscherin, 2012).

Findings

Data were sourced from collection archival database of JSTOR, Web of Science and J-Gate till December 2022, by searching with following string – “Circular Economy,” “ESG (Environment, Social and Governance),” “Biomimicry,” “Circular Economy and ESG,” “Circular Economy and Biomimicry,” “Circular Economy and Resourcefulness.” The selection of said string of words was based on the literature review, overlaps and the research questions formulated. The findings reflect common factors of overlaps and its coherence in domain of policy formulation for the circular economy.

Research limitations/implications

The research approach needs to be tested for practical application with stakeholders which includes individual-community for necessary behavioural change/acceptance, policy measures, innovations for scalability and the new business models so that the changes become an integral part of DNA of new economic model.

Practical implications

Emphasis on reimagined alliance between the environment, economy, and society to achieve the triple bottom line for a sustainable future. In doing so mitigate the impact on nature, generate livelihood opportunities and institute a green industry with an emphasis on circularity by incorporating the principles of ESG, biomimicry and resourcefulness.

Originality/value

The paper addresses the developing frontier of circular economy by identifying and mapping the factors of overlap with principles of ESG and biomimicry with circular economy for a future which is sustainable and resourceful. It attempts to advance the domain of knowledge with suggestion for implementable policy initiative arising from the study.
Adventure tourism: current state and future research direction
Authors: Deb Rupam , Kondasani Rama Koteswara Rao , Das Anirban
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of previously published articles related to adventure tourism to assimilate the current trend, gaps in the literature and future research direction of this particular field.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 585 documents were retrieved from the Scopus and Web of Science core collection for analysis using VOSviewer. Performance and science mapping analysis was performed to comprehensively review the adventure tourism publication.

Findings

The findings show that publication in this field is growing significantly. Cluster analysis using the co-citation of references method resulted in four broad research areas: risk in adventure tourism, adventure tourism motivation, adventure tourism experience and adventure tourism product development.

Originality/value

The study acts as an archive of adventure tourism publications. Potential authors can quickly comprehend what is expected and current happening in adventure tourism field. It can assist scholars in identifying gaps and possible future directions.
Digital innovations in tourism: the perceptions of stakeholders
Authors: Zvaigzne Anda , Mietule Iveta , Kotane Inta , Sprudzane Sandra , Bartkute-Norkuniene Vaida
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This study aims to examine the main aspects of innovation development regarding digital tools used in the tourism industry in a local area.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative approach and the descriptive analysis technique was employed to analyse completed semi-structured expert survey questionnaires created in Google Forms. The aim is to examine the opportunities and potential for digital innovation in tourism in the Baltic region. Specialists representing tourism and hotel businesses, the guide profession as well as the disciplines of business and economics were selected as experts.

Findings

The experts indicated that digital marketing was very important for tourism development, and it is still considered a new field of science with huge potential. The research results showed that when introducing/developing digital innovations in a local area, tourism companies were faced with low-quality or no data analytics at all. In addition, long-term maintenance of digital tools was not considered, and the investment outweighed the benefits of implementing the technologies.

Originality/value

The study contributes to the development of digital innovation and the identification of problems in a local area.
The use of Torulaspora delbrueckii to improve malolactic fermentation
Authors: Balmaseda Aitor , Rozès Nicolas , Bordons Albert , Reguant Cristina
Published: June 2023

The potential use of Torulaspora delbrueckii as a starter culture for wine alcoholic fermentation has become a subject of interest in oenological research. The use of this non‐Saccharomyces yeast can modulate different wine attributes, such as aromatic substances, organic acids and phenolic compound compositions. Thus, the obtained wines are different from those fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the sole starter. Nevertheless, information about the possible effects of T. delbrueckii chemical modulation on subsequent malolactic fermentation is still not fully explained. In general, T. delbrueckii is related to a decrease in toxic compounds that negatively affect Oenococcus oeni and an increase in others that are described as stimulating compounds. In this work, we aimed to compile the changes described in studies using T. delbrueckii in wine that can have a potential effect on O. oeni and highlight those works that directly evaluated O. oeni performance in T. delbrueckii fermented wines.
Business strategy and strategic deviation in accounting, finance, and corporate governance: A review of the empirical literature
Authors: Habib Ahsan , Ranasinghe Dinithi , Perera Ahesha
Published: June 2023

We review the empirical archival literature on the consequences of business strategy and strategic deviation on accounting, finance, and corporate governance outcomes. We use Miles and Snow's (Organizational strategy, structure, and process. McGraw‐Hill, 1978; Organizational strategy, structure and process. Stanford University Press, 2003) strategy typology that has been quantified using financial statement data by Bentley et al. (Contemporary Accounting Research, 2013, 30, 780). Research has used this strategy score to investigate the consequences of firms following two distinct strategies namely, prospectors versus defenders, on various organisational outcomes. Our survey provides mixed evidence on the relationship between business strategy, financial reporting quality, finance outcomes, and corporate governance including corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. We offer some suggestions for future research.
Roberta's
Authors: Freeman Lindsey A.
Published: June 2023

This is a hundred words for a special section dedicated to Kathleen Stewart. I want her and everyone who reads it to have a good time and for nothing bad to happen.
Low‐risk HPLLs/ABC score patients with splenic marginal zone lymphoma can be safely managed without treatment: Results from a prospective Spanish study
Authors: Muntañola Ana , Villalobos María Teresa , González‐Villambrosia Sonia , Rodríguez‐Salazar María José , Jiménez‐Ubieto Ana , Bastidas‐Mora Gabriela , Córdoba Raúl , Infante María , Vidal María Jesús , Díaz Francisco Javier , Baile Mónica , Bastos‐Oreiro Mariana , Panizo Carlos , Sancho Juan Manuel , Navarro Belén , García Tomás , Escoda Lourdes , Abrisqueta Pau , Terol María José , de Campo Raquel , Mozas Pablo , López‐Guillermo Armando , Salar Antonio , Montalbán Carlos ,   the GELTAMO group (Grupo Español de Linfomas y Trasplante de Médula Ósea)
Published: June 2023

The aims of our study were to analyse compliance with the 2014 GELTAMO SMZL Guidelines, in patients with splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL), and to evaluate the outcome according to the HPLLs/ABC‐adapted therapeutic strategy. Observational prospective multicenter study of 181 SMZL patients diagnosed between 2014 and 2020. Lymphoma‐specific survival (LSS), composite event‐free survival (CEFS) and response rates were assessed. 57% of the 168 patients included in the analysis followed the Guidelines. The overall response rate was higher in the rituximab chemotherapy and in the rituximab arms compared with the splenectomy arm (p < 0.001). The 5‐year overall survival was 77% and the 5‐year LSS of 93%. There were no differences in the 5‐year LSS according to the treatment received (p = 0.68). The 5‐year CEFS in the overall series was 45%, and there were significant differences between scores A and B (p = 0.036). There were no significant differences when comparing LSS and progression‐free survival in patients treated with rituximab or rituximab chemotherapy at diagnosis or after observation. Our data support HPLLs/ABC score as a practical tool for the management of SMZL, observation as the best approach for patients in group A and rituximab as the best treatment for group B.
A comparison of the International Consensus and 5th WHO classifications of T‐cell lymphomas and histiocytic/dendritic cell tumours
Authors: Falini Brunangelo , Lazzi Stefano , Pileri Stefano
Published: June 2023

Since the publication in 2017 of the revised 4th Edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of haematolymphoid tumours, here referred to as WHO‐HAEM4, significant clinicopathological, immunophenotypic and molecular advances have been made in the field of lymphomas, contributing to refining the diagnostic criteria of several diseases, upgrading entities previously defined as provisional and identifying new entities. This process has resulted in two recent classification proposals of lymphoid neoplasms: the International Consensus Classification (ICC) and the 5th edition of the WHO classification (WHO‐HAEM5). In this paper, we review and compare the two classifications in terms of diagnostic criteria and entity definition, focusing on T‐cell lymphomas and histiocytic/dendritic cell tumours. Moreover, we update the genetic data of the various pathological entities. The main goal is to provide a tool to facilitate the work of the pathologists, haematologists and researchers involved in the diagnosis and treatment of these haematological malignancies.
Beyond ‘stampedes’: Towards a new psychology of crowd crush disasters
Authors: Barr Dermot , Drury John , Butler Toby , Choudhury Sanjeedah , Neville Fergus
Published: June 2023

The Bethnal Green tube shelter disaster, in which 173 people died, is a significant event in both history and psychology. While notions of ‘panic’ and ‘stampede’ have been discredited in contemporary psychology and disaster research as explanations for crowd crushes, Bethnal Green has been put forward as the exception that proves the rule. Alternative explanations for crushing disasters focus on mismanagement and physical factors, and lack a psychology. We analysed 85 witness statements from the Bethnal Green tragedy to develop a new psychological account of crowd disasters. Contrary to the established view of the Bethnal Green disaster as caused by widespread public overreaction to the sound of rockets, our analysis suggests that public perceptions were contextually calibrated to a situation of genuine threat; that only a small minority misperceived the sound; and that therefore, this cannot account for the surge behaviour in the majority. We develop a new model, in which crowd flight behaviour in response to threat is normatively structured rather than uncontrolled, and in which crowd density combines with both limited information on obstruction and normatively expected ingress behaviour to create a crushing disaster.
Mobile application interventions to increase physical activity and their effect on kinanthropometrics, body composition and fitness variables in adolescent aged 12–16 years old: An umbrella review
Authors: Mateo‐Orcajada Adrián , Vaquero‐Cristóbal Raquel , Abenza‐Cano Lucía
Published: June 2023

Background

The aims of the present umbrella review were (a) to summarize the available evidence on the effectiveness of mobile applications aimed at increasing physical activity; (b) to analyse the effect of an increase in physical activity on kinanthropometric variables, body composition and physical fitness of adolescents aged 12–16 years old; and (c) to determine the strengths and limitations of the interventions carried out with adolescents aged 12–16 years old through the use of mobile applications, to provide recommendations for future research.

Methods

The most relevant inclusion criteria were (a) adolescents aged 12–16 years old; (b) interventions carried out only with mobile apps; (c) pre‐post measurements; (d) participants without illnesses or injuries; and (e) interventions lasting more than 8 weeks. The databases used to identify the systematic reviews were the Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus. Two reviewers independently used the AMSTAR‐2 scale to measure the methodological quality of the included reviews and also carried out an analysis of external validity, with a third reviewer participating in the cases in which consensus was not reached.

Results

A total of 12 systematic reviews were included (these included a total of 273 articles that used electronic devices, of which 22 studies exclusively used mobile applications with adolescents aged 12–16). Regarding physical activity and its effect on body composition, kinanthropometric variables and physical fitness, no significant differences were found for any of the variables analysed, and the results were not sufficiently consistent to determine the influence of these interventions.

Conclusions

It is important to highlight that the scientific research conducted so far showed that mobile applications were not effective in increasing physical activity and changing the kinanthropometric variables, body composition or physical fitness of adolescents. Thus, future research with stronger methodological rigour and larger samples is needed to provide stronger evidence.
Bridging Indigenous and Western sciences: Decision points guiding aquatic research and monitoring in Inuit Nunangat
Authors: Drake A. K. , Dunmall K. M. , Nguyen V. M. , Provencher J. F. , Henri D. A. , Alexander S. M.
Published: June 2023

When brought together, Indigenous and Western sciences offer holism that can strengthen research and monitoring, yet the practices and processes of bridging these sciences are not well understood. We sought to elucidate bridging through a systematic realist review of coastal and marine research and monitoring studies that use methods for gathering Indigenous scientific knowledges and methods for collecting natural sciences data from across Inuit Nunangat (Inuit homelands in Canada; n = 25 case studies). We identified three decision points that shape projects co‐developed by researchers and Inuit communities: research objectives, method bundles (the totality of methods used in a case study), and method sequencing (the order of application of methods in a case study). Example case studies from the review are included to highlight some of the diversity of research pathways available. We discuss areas for further reflection, including method bundle composition, imbalances in method sequences, path dependency and research fatigue, research context, and most importantly, bridging as a relational rather than technical endeavour. We suggest that bridging sciences can, but need not be, a complex undertaking. This paper provides practical details to facilitate cross‐cultural research partnerships at a time of immense environmental and social change.
The impact of the Middle East and Gulf states' involvement on the Horn of Africa's peace and security: Applying regional security complex theory
Authors: Gebru Micheale K. , Zeru Getachew , Tekalign Yohannes
Published: June 2023

The Middle East and the Horn of Africa are distinct but interdependent Regional Security Complexes (RSCs) whose security interaction and beyond has increased over the last two decades. Recent interactions between the two RSCs, particularly the increased involvement of Middle Eastern and Gulf states, have raised concerns about the Horn of Africa's peace and security. This paper examines the impact of the Middle East and Gulf States' involvement on peace and security in the Horn of Africa using RSC Theory (RSCT). The findings indicate that the Middle East and Gulf States' involvement, rooted in rivalry and competition, has become a source of instability and conflict in the Horn of Africa. These extra‐regional powers have played a critical role in escalating conflicts and instilling insecurity in the region by focusing solely on their national security, geopolitical, and economic interests. Their destabilizing impact is particularly visible in Ethiopia, Somalia, and Sudan.
Effect of large volume red blood cell apheresis on cardiovascular functions in healthy donors
Authors: Chen Qiang , Chen Guan Yi , Chen Jian Mei , Yang Fei Fei , Han Yue , Wang Li Hua , Wu Jing Hui , Ji Dong Dong , Yuan Su Qin , Zhang Mei Qing , Ma Ling Ling , Zhu Fei , Wang Qiu Shuang , Ouyang Xi Lin , Zhang Li Wei
Published: June 2023

Background

Requirements of blood transfusions rise rapidly in China. Improving the efficiency of blood donation could help maintaining sufficient blood supplement. We conducted a pilot research to investigate the reliability and safety of collecting more units of red blood cell by apheresis.

Methods

Thirty‐two healthy male volunteers were randomized into two groups: red blood cell apheresis (RA) (n = 16) and whole blood (WB) donation (n = 16). RA group donated individualized RBC volumes by apheresis according to the volunteers' basal total blood volumes and haematocrit levels, WB group donated 400 mL whole blood. All volunteers were scheduled seven visit times in 8 weeks' study period. The cardiovascular functions were assessed by laboratory examinations, echocardiography and cardiopulmonary functional tests. All results were compared between groups at the same visit time and compared between visit 1(before donation) and other visit times within the same group.

Results

The average donated RBC volume in RA group and in WB group was 627.25 ± 109.74 mL and 175.28 ± 8.85 mL, respectively(p < 0.05); the RBC, haemoglobin and haematocrit levels changed significantly between times and between groups (p < 0.05). Cardiac biomarker levels such as NT‐proBNP, hs‐TnT and CK‐MB did not change significantly between times or between groups (p > 0.05). The echocardiographic and cardiopulmonary results did not change significantly between times or between groups during the whole study period(p > 0.05).

Conclusions

We provided an efficient and secure method for RBC apheresis. By harvesting more RBC volumes at one single‐time, the cardiovascular functions did not change significantly compared with traditional whole blood donation.
Acylsugar tomato lines suppress whiteflies and Amblyseius swirskii establishment
Authors: Pandey Swikriti , da Silva Andre Luiz Biscaia Ribeiro , Dutta Bhabesh , Chong Juang Horng , Mutschler Martha Ann , Schmidt Jason M.
Published: June 2023

Plant defense traits such as trichomes along with biocontrol agents may provide alternatives to insecticide use in tomatoes, Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanaceae). However, plant‐herbivore‐natural enemy interactions are not always complementary. In a series of greenhouse and field experiments, we explored whether augmented defense traits (i.e., production of acylsugars) in tomato plants could reduce sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), populations and aid the establishment of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii Athias‐Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae). In the field experiment, commercial tomato cultivars and acylsugar‐producing tomato lines received no predatory mites or mites released via three methods: dusting on top, dusting on bottom, or slow‐release sachets. In the first greenhouse experiment, predatory mites were released onto the commercial and acylsugar‐producing tomato plants via sachets. In the second greenhouse experiment using a similar design, we augmented the mite diet with an alternative non‐prey resource (i.e., cattail pollen). Our results indicated that acylsugar‐producing tomato plants supported significantly fewer whiteflies than the commercial lines in all experiments. However, in the field, despite lower whitefly numbers, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) (Geminiviridae, Begomovirus) was detected at higher frequencies in acylsugar‐producing lines. Few mites were recovered from all commercial and acylsugar‐producing lines in the field or greenhouse experiments suggesting A. swirskii does not establish well on tomatoes, and acylsugar lines successfully decreased whitefly populations but not a viral disease transmitted even at low whitefly abundance.
Preventive dental service use and oral health‐related quality of life in Brazilian older adults
Authors: Dietrich Tauana Rabuske , Debona Gabriela , de Spessato Schwerz Paola , Fagundes Maria Laura Braccini , Hugo Fernando Neves , Hilgert Juliana Balbinot , do Amaral Giordani Jessye Melgarejo , do Amaral Júnior Orlando Luiz
Published: June 2023

Background

Information on the use of preventive dental services and associated variables is needed to guide policy for the old adult population and consequently promote better oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL).

Objective

To investigate the association between preventive dental service use and OHRQoL by older Brazilians.

Materials and Methods

This cross‐sectional study was carried out using the baseline data of participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Stud of Aging (ELSEI‐Brazil) who were aged 60 years or more. Associations with the use of preventive dental services were carried out using Poisson regression models with robust variance, adjusting for confounders.

Results

The final sample consisted of 5432 older adults. Almost all (90.7%) participants reported not having sought preventive dental services in the last year. Individuals who used dental services for prevention had fewer impacts on their OHRQoL (RR: 0.74; [95% CI: 0.57–0.97]).

Conclusion

Preventive dental service use is associated with a better OHRQoL in older Brazilians. Policies to improve access to preventive dental services may result in improved OHRQoL in this age group.
Differentiated expressed miRNAs in splenic monocyte induced by burn injury in mice
Authors: Liu Hong‐sheng , Li Lun‐chao , Wang Man , Liu Dong‐sheng , Su Qin , Zhang Qing‐Hong
Published: June 2023

To find potential biomarkers based on miRNA and their potential targets in splenic monocytes in burn‐injured mice. Male Balb/c mice were subjected to sham or scalding injury of 15% total body surface area. Spenic CD11b+ monocytes were purified with magnetic beads. The monocytes were cultured in the presence of lipopolysaccharide. The proliferation of monocytes was detected by MTT assay, and the cytokines in the supernatant were examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The purified monocytes were also under total RNA extraction. The differential monocytic miRNAs expression between the sham and burn‐injured mice was analysed by miRNA microarray. The activity of monocytes was comparable between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, monocytes from burn‐injured mice secreted higher levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and transforming growth factor‐β, but lower level of monocyte chemoattratctant protein‐1. A total of 54 miRNAs were differentially expressed in monocytes from burn relative to sham‐injured mice (fold >3). Further quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed that the expression of miR‐146a was significantly down‐regulated, while miR‐3091‐6p was up‐regulated after burn injury. Using the combination of Miranda and TargetScan softwares, we found that mir‐146a may regulate 180 potential target genes including TNF receptor related factor 6 (TRAF6), interleukin‐1 receptor related kinase 1 (IRAK1) and CD28. Mir‐3091‐6p may regulate 39 potential targets, including SOCS7 (cytokine signal transduction inhibitor 7) and ARRB2 (arrestin, β 2). The miRNAs expressed by monocytes after burn injury may be involved in the regulation of innate immune response in burn injury.
A slightly adapted treadmill protocol for the determination of maximal oxygen uptake in adults with Down syndrome
Authors: Boer Pieter‐Henk
Published: June 2023

Introduction

The VO2max test is the gold standard measure for aerobic fitness. A standardised treadmill protocol was developed years ago for individuals with Down syndrome but with variations in terms of starting speed, load increases and time spent at each stage. However, we realised that the most widely used protocol for adults with Down syndrome, trouble participants with high treadmill speeds. Consequently, the purpose of the current study was to determine whether an adapted protocol provided improved maximal test performance.

Method

Twelve adults (33 ± 6 years) randomly performed two variations of the standardised treadmill test.

Results

The protocol that added another incremental incline stage increase yielded a significant improvement in absolute and relative VO2peak, time to exhaustion, minute ventilation and heart rate max.

Conclusion

A treadmill protocol with the addition of an incremental incline stage allowed for a significant improvement in maximal test performance.
Maze design: size and number of choices impact fish performance in cognitive assays
Authors: Jones Nick A. R. , Cortese Daphne , Munson Amelia , Spence‐Jones Helen C. , Storm Zoe , Killen Shaun S. , Bethel Ruth , Deacon Amy E. , Webster Mike M. , Závorka Libor
Published: June 2023

Although studies on fish cognition are increasing, consideration of how methodological details influence the ability to detect and measure performance is lagging. Here, in two separate experiments the authors compared latency to leave the start position, latency to make a decision, levels of participation and success rates (whether fish entered the rewarded chamber as first choice) across different physical designs. Experiments compared fish performance across (a) two sizes of T‐mazes, large and standard, and a plus‐maze, and (b) open choice arenas with either two or four doors. Fish in T‐mazes with longer arms took longer to leave the start chamber and were less likely to participate in a trial than fish in T‐mazes with shorter arms. The number of options, or complexity, in a maze significantly impacted success but did not necessarily impact behavioural measures, and did not impact the number of fish that reached a chamber. Fish in the plus‐maze had similar latencies to leave the start box and time to reach any chamber as fish in the same‐sized T‐maze but exhibited lower overall success. Similarly, in an open choice arena, increasing the number of options – doors to potential reward chambers − resulted in lower probability of success. There was an influence of reward position in the choice arena, with rewarded chambers closest to the sides of the arena resulting in lower latencies to enter and higher probability of decision success. Together the results allow the authors to offer practical suggestions towards optimal maze design for studies of fish cognition.
Modeling the survival of Campylobacter jejuni in raw milk considering the viable but non‐culturable cells (VBNC)
Authors: Knipper Anna‐Delia , Plaza‐Rodríguez Carolina , Filter Matthias , Wulsten Imke F. , Stingl Kerstin , Crease Tasja
Published: June 2023

Campylobacter spp. cannot grow in raw milk, but it is able to transform into a viable but non‐culturable (VBNC) state enabling the survival in such harsh conditions. In this study, Campylobacter jejuni survival in raw milk was investigated taken into consideration colony‐forming units (CFUs) and VBNC cells. CFU from two different strains of C. jejuni (DSM 4688 and BfR‐CA‐18043) were enumerated at three temperatures (5°C, 8°C, and 12°C). In parallel, a viability real‐time PCR was conducted to quantify intact and putatively infectious units (IPIUs) (comprising CFU and VBNC bacteria). The data generated were used to model the viability of C. jejuni during raw milk storage. Here, a one‐step fitting approach was performed using parameter estimates from an intermediate two‐step fit as starting values to generate tertiary models. Different primary model equations (Trilinear and Weibull) were required to fit the CFU and the IPIU data. Strain‐specific linear secondary models were generated to analyze the effect of storage temperature on the maximum specific inactivation rate of the CFU data. The time of the first decimal reduction parameter of the IPIU models could be modeled by a strain‐independent linear secondary model. The developed tertiary models for CFU and IPIU differ significantly in their predictions, for example, for the time required for a one log10 reduction. Taken into consideration that VBNC could revert to a culturable state during the raw milk storage, our results underline the importance of considering IPIU and not only CFU to avoid underestimation of the survival of C. jejuni in raw milk.
Single and flourishing: Transcending the deficit narratives of single life
Authors: DePaulo Bella
Published: June 2023

From the couples‐centered perspective that has dominated public discourse and scholarly literature, the values and interests of coupled people are the implicit standard against which single people are judged, resulting in deficit narratives of single life. From that perspective, single people are “alone” and “unattached,” the important people in their lives are mere substitutes for a romantic partner, and their families, if recognized at all, are described as “alternative” family forms. From a singles‐centered perspective, single life can be a psychologically rich life of freedom and autonomy, where people can chart their own life course, and value “The Ones” rather than “The One.” Solitude can be savored rather than feared, and family, intimacy, and love encompass far more than just nuclear family, sexual intimacy, and romantic love. A singles‐centered perspective recognizes systems of inequality that disadvantage single people and privilege coupled people.
Workforce Survey of Connecticut Midwives
Authors: Welsh Stephanie , LoGiudice Jenna A. , Holland Eliza , Rendeiro Gregorio Melissa
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Midwives in Connecticut lack resources for current, state‐specific data regarding compensation, benefits, work hours, and scope of practice. The primary purpose of this study was to provide detailed information about the work and services provided by midwives in Connecticut and how they are compensated.

Methods

Certified nurse‐midwives (CNMs) licensed in Connecticut were recruited for a 53‐question online survey between October 2021 and February 2022. The survey included topics such as compensation, benefits, practice patterns, and precepting.

Results

For full‐time salaried CNMs in Connecticut, compensation was higher than the national average for midwives. A majority of CNMs in the state work 40 hours per week or less in physician‐owned private practices and are preceptors.

Discussion

For midwives planning to negotiate contracts in Connecticut, this report provides important information to ensure fair compensation and work hours. The survey also serves as a roadmap for midwives in other states who wish to collect and disseminate similar workforce data.
Comparison of the efficacy between controlled‐release dinoprostone delivery system (PROPESS) and Cook's double balloon catheter plus oxytocin: A retrospective single‐center study in Japan
Authors: Imai Kenji , Nozaki Yuki , Ushida Takafumi , Tano Sho , Kajiyama Hiroaki , Kotani Tomomi
Published: June 2023

Aims

To compare the efficacy of the controlled‐release dinoprostone delivery system (PROPESS) and Cook's double balloon catheter (DBC) plus oxytocin as induction treatment.

Methods

A total of 197 term pregnant women with unfavorable cervix were admitted for scheduled induction and enrolled retrospectively (PROPESS, 113; Cook's DBC plus oxytocin, 84). The main birth outcomes were cervical ripening at the treatment‐end and 24 h after the treatment‐start, and rate of vaginal birth. Logistic regression and propensity score matching analyses were performed to evaluate the association between the outcomes and clinical characteristics including which treatment was selected.

Results

The choice of PROPESS was associated with the success of cervical ripening at 24 h after (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–4.26, p = 0.024) and increased the rate of vaginal birth (adjusted OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.04–3.98, p = 0.039). Similar trends in the association between PROPESS and birth outcomes were maintained after adjusting for propensity scores (p = 0.072 and p = 0.163, respectively). However, some of the women with gestational age of early 39 weeks and low Bishop scores could achieve cervical ripening at 24 h after using Cook's DBC plus oxytocin, and none by PROPESS.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest the possibility of slight advantages of PROPESS for scheduled induction of labor. In women with early term and extremely low Bishop scores, Cook's DBC plus oxytocin may be a superior or alternative treatment to PROPESS. Therefore, the optimal choice of induction treatment should be managed on an individual basis.
Do core self‐evaluations mitigate or exacerbate the self‐regulation depletion effect of leader injustice? The role of leader‐contingent self‐esteem
Authors: Sun Yuqing , Gao Feng , Avolio Bruce J.
Published: June 2023

This study investigates how an employee's core self‐evaluation (CSE) affects their self‐regulation depletion in response to leader injustice. To reconcile the conflicting predictions of CSE reported in the existing leadership and justice literature, we propose and test a self‐esteem contingency model for CSE, drawing on the self‐determination theory (SDT) account of the self‐regulatory process. We hypothesize that when an employee's CSE is heavily contingent on the leader's approval and recognition (denoted as high‐level leader‐contingent self‐esteem), CSE facilitates a controlled form of self‐regulation in response to leader injustice, leading to self‐regulation depletion. Conversely, when one's CSE is less contingent on the leader's approval (denoted as low‐level leader‐contingent self‐esteem), self‐regulation facilitated by CSE in the presence of leader injustice is less of controlled, reducing the likelihood of self‐regulation depletion. Our results and implications from three studies consistently supported our main hypothesis regarding the three‐way interaction of leader injustice, CSE and leader‐contingent self‐esteem, as well as highlighting the potential downside of a follower's self‐esteem being overly reliant on their leader's treatment.
Healthy for some but not for all: The moderating role of BMI on perceived health climate–insomnia relationship
Authors: Jang Seulki “Rachel” , Cheung Ho Kwan , Ford Michael
Published: June 2023

This study examines the mediated relationship between perceived health climate and insomnia via exhaustion, and whether the mediation effect is weaker for individuals with higher body mass index (BMI). Results from multi‐wave field data revealed that perceived health climate negatively predicted insomnia through reduced exhaustion. Moreover, the mediation effect was weaker among people with higher BMI (obese individuals) than people with lower BMI (non‐obese individuals). This study expands our understanding of the workplace health climate and its unintended consequences for obese individuals. Also, it encourages practitioners to develop health climate promotion programmes that intend to reduce employee exhaustion first prior to specific behavioural changes and takes into account individual differences.