bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERFIL SOCIOECONÔMICO, NUTRICIONAL E SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR DE FAMÍLIAS RESIDENTES NO MUNICÍPIO DE PARAÍSO DO TOCANTINS-TO: UM ESTUDO PILOTO
Authors: Rodrigues Pereira Daniel , Pereira da Silva Fernanda , Schott Eloise
Published: May 2022

A Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional nos domicílios depende de fatores influenciados por determinantes locais e regionais. Trata-se de um estudo piloto com objetivo traçar o perfil socioeconômico, nutricional e de segurança alimentar de famílias de Paraíso do Tocantins. O estudo foi conduzido no mês de julho de 2016, em 22 domicílios do município de Paraíso do Tocantins. Os dados foram coletados a partir de visitas domiciliares, onde o chefe de família respondeu a um questionário semiestruturado com informações socioeconômicas. A situação de (in)segurança alimentar foi avaliada a partir da Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA). Foi realizada avaliação nutricional de todos os indivíduos que compõem o grupo familiar e que estavam presentes no momento da entrevista. Observou-se prevalência de 36,4% de insegurança alimentar, bem como, domicílios chefiados por mulheres, indivíduos autodeclarados preto/pardos, com mais de 60 anos e sem atividade remunerada. Estas características podem estar relacionadas à insegurança alimentar e nutricional dos indivíduos e famílias. Ressalta-se que para a obtenção de dados fidedignos, é preciso garantir a aplicação correta dos procedimentos propostos em uma pesquisa, sendo assim, a realização do estudo piloto foi fundamental para identificar possíveis entraves e garantir a concisão do estudo
Apoteoza socijalne države
Authors: Kuzelj Valentino , Horvat Vuković Ana
Published: May 2022

Ustav Republike Hrvatske izražava predanost konceptu socijalne države i načelu ‎socijalne pravde kao zajedničkim vrijednostima europskog konstitucionalizma,‎ a iz ustavnosudske prakse proizlazi njihov obvezujući značaj te njihova‎ pripadnost nepovredivoj srži Ustava, tzv. ustavnom identitetu. Stoga bi‎ odustajanje od tih temeljnih i “vječnih” vrijednosti značilo prekid dosadašnjeg ‎i uspostavu novog ustavnog poretka. S obzirom na prepoznati socijalni‎ deficit Europske unije, zaštita socijalne ukorijenjenosti hrvatskoga Ustava ‎ističe se nužnom u kontekstu pojačane integracije. Pritom inzistiranje na ‎zaštiti ustavno-identitetskih odrednica socijalne države i socijalne pravde ne‎ stremi narušavanju europskog zajedništva, već izgradnji socijalno pravedne ‎ujedinjene Europe.‎
A Deep Dive into Genome Assemblies of Non-vertebrate Animals
Authors: Guiglielmoni Nadège , Rivera-Vicéns Ramón , Koszul Romain , Flot Jean-François
Published: May 2022

Non-vertebrate species represent about ~95% of known metazoan (animal) diversity. They remain to this day relatively unexplored genetically, but understanding their genome structure and function is pivotal for expanding our current knowledge of evolution, ecology and biodiversity. Following the continuous improvements and decreasing costs of sequencing technologies, many genome assembly tools have been released, leading to a significant amount of genome projects being completed in recent years. In this review, we examine the current state of genome projects of non-vertebrate animal species. We present an overview of available sequencing technologies, assembly approaches, as well as pre and post-processing steps, genome assembly evaluation methods, and their application to non-vertebrate animal genomes.
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Spatial Care Path: Home, Community, and Emergency Diagnostic Portals
Authors: Kost Gerald J.
Published: May 2022

Goals: To use visual logistics for interpreting COVID-19 molecular and rapid antigen test (RAgT) performance, determine prevalence boundaries where risk exceeds expectations, and evaluate benefits of recursive testing along home, community, and emergency spatial care paths. Methods: Mathematica/open access software helped graph relationships, compare performance patterns, and perform recursive computations. Results: Tiered sensitivity/specificity comprise: T1) 90%/95%; T2) 95%/97.5%; and T3) 100%/≥99%, respectively. In emergency medicine, median RAgT performance peaks at 13.2% prevalence, then falls below T1, generating risky prevalence boundaries. RAgTs in pediatric ERs/EDs parallel this pattern with asymptomatic worse than symptomatic performance. In communities, RAgTs display large uncertainty with median prevalence boundary of 14.8% for 1/20 missed diagnoses, and at prevalence >33.3-36.9% risk 10% false omissions for symptomatic subjects. Recursive testing improves home RAgT performance. Home molecular tests elevate performance above T1, but lack adequate validation. Conclusions: Widespread RAgT availability encourages self-testing. Asymptomatic RAgT and PCR-based saliva testing present the highest chance of missed diagnoses. Home testing twice, once just before mingling, and molecular-based self-testing help avoid false omissions. Community and ER/ED RAgTs can identify contagiousness in low prevalence (<22%). Real-world trials of performance, cost-effectiveness, and public health impact could identify home molecular diagnostics as the optimal diagnostic portal.
A Critical Analysis of the Quantum Nonlocality Problem
Authors: Lambare Justo Pastor
Published: May 2022

The alleged nonlocal character of quantum mechanics is inextricably related to the formulation of the Bell theorem. However, as we shall see, that relation is commonly incorrectly assessed. The departure from the clear line of reasoning that John Bell tried to convey has led to a polarization of part of the scientific community into radical irreconcilable positions. We show how the correct appreciation of Bell's work calls for reinterpreting the usual significance given to the Bell theorem yielding a more rational perspective of the problem. Given the present relevance of the Bell-type inequalities in quantum information technology and quantum foundations, further clarification of their relation to the nonlocality conundrum deserves due attention. The exposition is also of didactic value. It shows the problems arising from incorrect inferences and superfluous metaphysical ideas.
Context-Aware Sleep Health Recommender Systems (CASHRS): A Narrative Review
Authors: Liang Zilu
Published: May 2022

The practice of quantified-self sleep tracking is increasingly common nowadays among healthy individuals as well as patients with sleep problems. However, existing sleep-tracking technologies only support simple data collection and visualization, and are incapable of providing actionable recommendations that are tailored to users' physical, behavioral and environmental context. Here we coined the term context-aware sleep health recommender system (CASHRS) as an emerging multidisciplinary research field that bridges ubiquitous sleep computing and context-aware recommender systems. In this paper, we presented a narrative review to analyze the type of contextual information, the recommendation algorithms, the context filtering techniques, the behavior change techniques, the system evaluation, and the challenges in peer-reviewed publications that meet the characteristics of CASHRS. Analysis results identified current research trends, the knowledge gap, and future research opportunities in CASHRS.
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy among COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Yusuf Safia Haniya , Ram Jeffrey L.
Published: May 2022

COVID-19 affects many organs in our body, including the heart and lungs. COVID-19 cases that require hospitalization often exhibit pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to changes in the lung microvasculature in which the blood vessels become stiff, damaged, or narrow, causing increased pulmonary arterial pressure. This review examines the hypothesis that PH can lead to right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) as a long-lasting aftereffect of COVID-19. Recent studies have shown that significant percentages of hospitalized patients develop right ventricular hypertension and right ventricular dilatation (RVD), which may lead to right ventricular failure and death. Despite recommendations for echocardiogram reports to include right ventricular wall thickness to assess RVH, few published reports have reported this parameter. Relevant studies on animal models of PH in which the timing of PH can be precisely controlled suggest that one to three weeks of PH can cause RVH. Thus, according to the hypothesis proposed here COVID-19 patients who have long-lasting severe disease (e.g., needed to be on a ventilator for one or more weeks) accompanied by PH and RVD may develop RVH as a long-lasting sequela outlasting the infection itself. Echocardiogram studies of recovered COVID-19 patients may determine whether oft-reported cardiovascular sequelae include RVH.
Rapid and Non-Destructive Analysis of Corky Off-Flavors in Natural Cork Stoppers by A Wireless and Portable Electronic Nose
Authors: Santos José Pedro , Sayago Isabel , Sanjurjo Jose Luis , Perez-Coello María Soledad , Díaz-Maroto Maria Consuelo
Published: May 2022

This article discusses the use of a hand held electronic nose to obtain information on the presence of some aromatic defects in natural cork stoppers, such as haloanisoles, alkylmethoxypyrazines and ketones. The proposed prototype has been developed as an instrumentation system with up to eight commercial gas sensors. Machine learning algorithms such as k-nearest neighbors and artificial neural networks has been used. The use of this system tries to improve the current aromatic defect detection process in the cork stopper industry, which is done by gas chromatography or human test panels.
Improved Unsupervised Learning Method for Material Properties Identification Based on Mode Separation of Ultrasonic Guided Waves
Authors: Golub Mikhail V. , Doroshenko Olga V. , Arsenov Mikhail A. , Eremin Artem A. , Gu Yan , Bareiko Ilya
Published: May 2022

Numerical methods, including machine learning methods, are now actively used in the applications related to guided wave propagation. The method proposed in this study for material properties characterization is based on the algorithm of the clustering of multivariate data series obtained as a result of the application of the matrix pencil method to the experimental data. In the proposed technique, multi-objective optimization is employed to improve the accuracy of particular parameter identification. At the first stage, the computationally efficient method based on the calculation of the Fourier transform of Green's matrix is employed iteratively and the obtained solution is used for the filter construction with decreasing bandwidth, which allows us to obtain nearly noise-free classified data (with mode separation). The filter provides data separation between all guided waves in a natural way, which is needed at the second stage, where the slower method based on the minimization of the slowness residuals is applied to the data. The method might be applied for material properties identification in plates with thin coatings/interlayers, multi-layered anisotropic laminates etc.
Tetracyclines - An Important Therapeutic Tool for Dermatologist
Authors: Orylska-Ratyńska Małgorzata , Placek Waldemar , Owczarczyk-Saczonek Agnieszka
Published: May 2022

Tetracyclines are a group of antibiotics whose first representative was discovered over 70 years ago. Since then, they have been of great interest in dermatology. In addition to their antibacterial activity, they are able to inhibit metalloproteinases and exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and antioxidant effects. The side effects have been thoroughly studied over the years. The most characteristic and important in daily dermatolgical practice are: phototoxicity, hyperpigmentation, onycholysis, photoonycholysis, induced lupus erythematosus, idiopathic intracranial hypertension. In this article, we summarize the use of tetracyclines in infectious diseases and inflammatory dermatoses, and further discuss indications where the efficacy and safety of tetracyclines have been highlighted over the past few years.
The problem of choice: original drug or generic? Emphasis on rosuvastatin
Authors: Polyakova O. A. , Ostroumova O. D.
Published: May 2022

An increase in the life expectancy of the population and the number of polymorbid patients with a combination of two or more diseases in different age categories, including among young people, has led to a significant increase in the cost of medical care in the field of public health. The transition from original drugs to generic ones has become a common measure to contain these costs. While this is an important goal for healthcare systems around the world, the impact of this practice on patient outcomes needs to be carefully considered. In some cases, generics may represent a suitable alternative to branded products, but this is not always the case. In particular, studies have shown that changing the drug can negatively affect not only patients' adherence to treatment, but also clinical outcomes, and a subsequent increase in the total cost of treatment, therefore, the use of generics in clinical practice still causes caution and concerns on the part of both the doctor and the patient. Due to the high prevalence of dyslipidemia and hypercholesterolemia both worldwide and in Russia, in this review the problem of choosing an original drug or generic is described by the example of such a hypolipidemic agent as rosuvastatin. According to numerous studies, rosuvastatin is one of the most potent and widely prescribed statins. Considering that most of the clinically significant effects of this drug are demonstrated in relation to its original form, the review emphasizes the importance of prescribing the original drug rosuvastatin in routine clinical practice.
EVALUATING FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY INDICATOR AMONG OLDER PEOPLE
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Kasimovskaya N.A. , Egorova E.V. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow
Published: May 2022

Significance. Priorities in active longevity include health maintenance among older people and their adherence to active lifestyle. Increase in the Active Longevity Index (ALI) in Russia is mainly hampered by low physical activity among older people making identification of factors potentially affecting ALI relevant. The purpose of the study is to evaluate a complex of factors potentially affecting decrease in physical activity among older people in Russia. Material and methods: a sociological method (questionnaire) was used to study the complex of potential factors affecting the ALI decrease - physical activity among older people exemplified by the six Russian federal districts (n =352). Study results were analyzed based on the descriptive statistics methods. The initial level of statistical significance is p<0.05. Results. The study has identified that the older people contingent is mainly represented by people aged 55-64 (63.3%), with higher education (45.9%) and secondary vocational education (31.2%), 81.7% of the respondents confirm presence of disability, 46.8% are not under a regular medical follow-up, 47.7% spend less than 60 minutes a week on physical activities and sports and 15.5% of the respondents never do physical activities or sports. Conclusion. 48.6% of older people lack physical activity, 47.7% of them exercise for less than an hour a week. To evaluate physical activity indicator under the "Independent, healthy, safe life" ALI domain, it is necessary to take into account the following complex of indirect factors, such as: gender, age, level of education, presence of a disability group, and frequency of regular medical examination.
DYNAMICS IN SOMATIC MORBIDITY COMPLICATING LABOR
Authors:   Russian Research Institute of Health of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Sokolovskaya T.A. , Banteva M.N. ,   Russian Research Institute of Health of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow
Published: May 2022

Somatic morbidity in parturient and puerperant women, mainly diabetes mellitus and anemia remains an urgent problem of the modern obstetrics due to the multiple negative effect on both maternal and newborn health. Dynamic analysis of this morbidity makes it possible to identify priorities in preventive activities to ensure effective coordination of the multidisciplinary team of highly qualified specialists. Purpose. To study dynamics in somatic morbidity complicating labor in the Russian Federation. Material and methods. The analysis was carried out according to the form of statistical observation No. 32 «Information on medical care for pregnant, parturient and puerperant women» and on the basis of data from the collections «Main indicators of maternal and child health, performance of mother and child services in the Russian Federation» for 2016-2020, using methods of descriptive statistics, calculation of the increase and decrease rates of indicators, as well as prognostic options for diseases. Results. In 2016-2020 Russia registered increased morbidity among parturient and puerperant women with diabetes (+ 170.33%; 31.88 ‰ - 86.18 ‰), venous complications (+ 27.33%; 19.9 ‰ - 24.30 ‰) and anemia (+ 5.65%; 247.68 ‰ - 261.70 ‰). Diseases of the cardiovascular system (-15.76%; 57.11 ‰ - 48.10 ‰) and urinary tract infections (-7.44%; 51.13 ‰ - 47.30 ‰) tend to decrease. According to the calculated forecasts, a similar trend will remain until 2025. At the same time, there are pronounced regional differences in indicators with multidirectional nature of the dynamics. Conclusion. Dynamic analysis of morbidity makes it possible to identify priorities for preventive activities. However, the existing reporting forms contain a narrow list of pathologies, not fully reflecting diseases that significantly affect mother and child health.
EMPLOYMENT PROBLEMS OF NURSING SCHOOL GRADUATES
Authors:   Irkutsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Irkutsk, Russia, Makarov S.V. , Gajdarov G.M. ,   Irkutsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Irkutsk, Russia, Goncharuk E.N. ,   Irkutsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Irkutsk, Russia, Yaruta A.A. ,   Irkutsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Irkutsk, Russia, Morgulis E.F. ,   Irkutsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Irkutsk, Russia
Published: May 2022

Significance. Employment in a specialty obtained in a medical secondary specialized educational institution is an important stage in the professional cycle of nurses, affecting the nursing staff development. Implementation of a sociological research method in order to study problems in this area makes it possible to obtain information necessary for developing an evidence-based personnel policy in health. The purpose of the study: to conduct a sociological study of the problems of employment of nursing school graduates who started their professional work in health care facilities of the Irkutsk region in 2018-2020. Material and methods. The authors have used specially designed questionnaires containing 25 questions to survey 595 graduates of 5 nursing schools in the Irkutsk region completed their studies up to three years ago (in 2018-2020). Before the survey, the questionnaire was piloted in the studied population of the respondents. Prior to the survey the authors have evaluated the sufficient number of the respondents using the appropriate method for relative values in non-repeatable sample. The authors have also estimated the confidence intervals for p <0.05. Results. Direct employment offers from a medical organization and nursing schools accounted for an insignificant share (6.2% and 3.5%, respectively) in information process about potential employment. Only 21.4 and 17.7% of the respondents per 100 indicated importance of measures taken by the future employer and measures implemented by a medical institution, respectively, while selecting the place of employment. As such measures, respondents hardly mentioned meetings with potential employers and visiting a potential job (9.1 and 6.9 of the respondents per 100, respectively). Almost a third of the respondents noted lack of measures for professional adaptation (27.2%) and social support (30.4% per 100 respondents). Conclusion. The presented results made it possible to study the process of employment of mid-level care providers from various positions, including evaluation of the subjective factors that could be explored though such surveys only. They are important components of the personnel policy in health, insuring its evidence basis and development.
ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CARE AVAILABILITY BY THE POPULATION: A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY
Authors:   Russian Research Institute of Health of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Buzin V.N. , Buzina T.S. ,   A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow
Published: May 2022

Significance. Studing availability of psychological care to the population is one of the urgent problems of public health, preservation and maintenance of psychological health. The purpose of the study: to assess volumes and availability of psychological care to the Russian population from the point of view of the population, as well as the need for psychological care among the population. Material and methods. Survey and sociological analysis of the data obtained. The study was conducted through a semi-formalized questionnaire. The method used is a mass survey of the population - individual semi-formalized interviews at the place of residence (apartment survey) according to the developed questionnaire. Evaluation of the quality of medical care and attitude to the healthcare system was based on personal experiance: the respondents were asked to give their assessment based on the results of their recent visits to a doctor / health care facility. This research method ensures a high level of detalization of responses and personal involvement of the respondents in the study, as well as minimizes influence of external factors (such as public opinion, publications in the media, etc.) on the attitude of the respondents. Results. The study showed a rather low need to consult a psychologist: the overwhelming majority of the respondents noted that they did not need help of this specialist (80.7%). The highest unmet demand for psychological care was registered in million-plus cities and small towns (17.8% and 17.3%, respectively). First of all, Muscovites have a history of such care seeking– the share of care seekers is twice higher than the average one (8.3%), and the lowest need for psychological care was identified in medium size cities - 83.8%. The overall need for psychological care based on the responses of the respondents can be estimated at 19-20%. That is, every fifth resident of the Russian Federation needs help of a professional medical psychologist. Conclusion. The need to consult a psychologist is rather low: the vast majority of the respondents noted that they did not need help of this specialist. However, the study has revealed a high unmet demand for psychological care associated with defects in organization of psychological care delivery to population. Scope of application. The study results can be used by executive authorities in regulatory practice and decision-making on issues related to optimizing the use of medical psychologists in the system of public health protection.
ASSESSMENT BY PATIENTS OF THE QUALITY OF MEDICAL CARE IN MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN STAVROPOL
Authors: Mikhaylova Y.V. , Frantseva V.O. , Danaev A.B. , Mikhaylov A.Y.
Published: May 2022

Significance. Improving satisfaction with primary care is among the priorities of the project "Lean polyclinic" - "Creation of the new model of medical organization providing primary care" (2017-2022) - "Development of primary health care system" (2019 - 2024). The project is about implementing principles of lean production in the healthcare system, primarily focused on patient needs and careful attitude to the time resource as the main value. According to the project passport, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, the index of satisfaction of the population with activities of the Ministry of Health should increase from 45.7% to 70% by 2022. The purpose of the study is to assess satisfaction with primary care delivery within the framework of the "Creation of the new model of medical organization providing primary care", using a list of indicators of public satisfaction with activities of the Ministry of Health MO on a wide profile of outpatient care facilities and identify priorities for improvement of care delivery within the framework of the project. Material and Methods. Questionnaire survey of people visiting polyclinics. The number of respondents equaled to 506. The questionnaires were filled out in primary care facilities of Stavropol city, participating in the project. The respondents' answers were analyzed using the ratio between the share of those answered and the total number of the respondents calculating a weighted average satisfaction score on a five-point scale. Such approach allowed to rank attributes by their importance on each area of MO activity, to define "area" of the highest marks and "zones" of low patient satisfaction. The information-analytical system of primary analysis of risk factors - AnkProc, as well as Excel program were used for data input and processing. Conclusion. The survey participants rate the work of health care facilities participating in the pilot project rather high. 44.7% of the respondents were highly satisfied with primary care, 39.7% - mainly satisfied, which in total amounted for 84.4% of the excellent and good marks, while the share of the less satisfied and unsatisfied equaled to 7.7% and 1.4%, respectively. 6.5% of the respondents abstained from answering. The study has identified and ranked 17 parameters of work of primary care facilities, requiring correction and improvement within the framework of the project "Creation of the new model of medical organization providing primary health care" in Stavropol. Scope of application. The study results can be used by chief physicians of health care facilities, managers, executors of the project to identify mechanisms to increase public satisfaction with the most important for patients work parameters of health care facilities.
CURRENT STATE AND TENDENCIES IN INCIDENCE OF DISEASES OF THE GENITOURINARY SYSTEM IN ADULT POPULATION OF THE ARKHANGELSK REGION IN 2010-2019
Authors:   Northern State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Archangelsk, Russia, Tsyganova O.A. , Balanda R.V. ,   Northern State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Archangelsk, Russia
Published: May 2022

Significance. A significant level of prevalence of diseases of the genitourinary system and a high level of incidence in working-age population are one of the leading factors determining high socio-economic significance of this pathology. However, analytical data on incidence of uronephrological disorders in population of the Russian northern regions are scarce. Purpose. To analyze incidence of diseases of the genitourinary system in adult population of the Arkhangelsk region in 2010-2019 in comparison with the Russian Federation (RF) and the Northwestern Federal District. Material and Methods. The level of prevalence and incidence of diseases of the genitourinary system in adult population of the Arkhangelsk region, Northwestern Federal District and the Russian Federation in 2010-2019 were analyzed on the basis of official statistics. Results. The study has identified increase in the prevalence of diseases of the genitourinary system in adult population of the Arkhangelsk region across almost all nosologies (except for glomerular and tubulointerstitial kidney diseases). At the same time, the incidence decreased (except for male infertility). The study shows that the average values ​​of prevalence and incidence across almost all categories of uronephrological disorders in the region are lower than in the country as a whole. The average total prevalence in the Northwestern Federal District is higher compared to the one in the Arkhangelsk region, while the incidence rates across most of the analyzed nosologies are comparable. Conclusion. Dynamics in incidence of the diseases of the genitourinary system demonstrates deterioration of their detection, defects in organization of primary and urological-neurological care delivery in the region. Changes in prevalence, especially against the background of the decreased incidence, suggests a significant "accumulation" of this pathology against the background of the demographic aging of the population.
Case study on the usefulness of an instrumented constant brake for the evaluation of the propulsive force of the fins in lifesavers.
Authors: Carballo López Javier , García Silva Antía , García García Óscar
Published: May 2022

Background: Assessing physical performance is essential to improve planning and training processes. This assessment is essential in lifesaving, both in its sporting and professional aspects.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to explore the suitability of a propulsive force measurement test battery and the usefulness of an experimental power test in lifesaving that yields data on force, power and technique.

Method: A world-class athlete has participated in this project. The same battery of tests has been carried out at three times of the season. The tests correspond to the maximum propulsive force test, the average propulsive force test and the experimental power test.

Results: The maximum propulsive force (299.75 N - 332.13 N) has improved throughout the season, as well as the mean propulsive force (94.26 N - 94.96 N) and power (25.21 - 37 .59w). Also other parameters such as kick amplitude (164.66 N ± 29.31 - 228.10 N ± 20.07) have increased, while frequency (1.6 Hz - 1.2 Hz) has decreased throughout the season.

Conclusions: The tests carried out provide relevant information and they are correlated with each other. The maximum propulsive force test and the experimental power test could provide the most relevant information to prescribe subsequent training.
Aprendizajes y percepciones del alumnado con discapacidad intelectual sobre un taller de salvamento y socorrismo
Authors: Sanz Arribas Ismael , Calle Molina María Teresa , Aguado Gómez Raquel
Published: May 2022

Antecedentes: Las personas con discapacidad intelectual pueden estar expuestas a un mayor riesgo de ahogamiento que el resto de la población porque las enseñanzas que reciben no suelen desarrollar las competencias que lo previenen.
Objetivo: Los objetivos de este estudio han sido dos: el primero de ellos fue conocer los aprendizajes conceptuales que han adquirido un grupo de personas con discapacidad intelectual (DI) después de recibir un taller de salvamento y socorrismo. El segundo, fue conocer la opinión y los sentimientos que generó la impartición de este taller en el alumnado.
Método: 13 personas con DI leve y moderada (7 hombres y 6 mujeres) recibieron un taller teórico-práctico sobre seguridad acuática. El taller constaba de 2 sesiones y se desarrolló en una piscina climatizada. La metodología de investigación fue de tipo cualitativo y el instrumento empleado para la recogida de información fue el diario reflexivo.
Resultados: Los resultados muestran que el alumnado adquirió aprendizajes útiles para la mejora de su seguridad acuática. Además, las personas participantes manifestaron que el taller les había gustado mucho porque se habían divertido mientras aprendían cosas nuevas y útiles para colaborar con sus compañeros y para ayudar a los demás.
Conclusiones: En definitiva, dotar a toda la población de experiencias controladas en las que puedan vivenciar la dificultad y el riesgo que implica realizar un rescate acuático es una herramienta útil para evitar que las personas traten de resolver los ahogamientos sin estar debidamente formadas para ello. Por todo lo anterior, se recomienda que las enseñanzas que cursan las personas con DI desarrollen competencias, recursos y experiencias que mejoren su educación acuática.
Robust Optimization Technique Using Modified Net Present Value and Stochastic Simplex Approximate Gradient
Authors: Fortaleza Eugenio L. F. , Sanchez William Humberto Cuellar , Neto Emanuel Pereira Barroso , Miranda Marco Emilio Rodrigues , Munerato Fernando Perin
Published: May 2022

This article aims to combine, from previous works, a modified objective function and the stochastic simplex approximate gradient (StoSAG) to provide a robust technique that optimizes reservoir production on the basis of a sequence of short-term optimizations. Usually, in reservoir optimization, the main goal is to maximize the net present value (NPV); this work used a modified NPV (MNPV) function that introduces reservoir parameters into the objective function. This MNPV analyzes the relation between cash flow and the reduction of the produced oil fraction, which is an indicator of the reduction of the well production life. On the other hand, the StoSAG is a well-established algorithm for robust optimization, and it was used to perform a constructive optimization with the MNPV cost function. The proposed technique (MNPV), together with StoSAG, is compared with other techniques from the literature using a regular base of all reservoir life cycle and the same proposed short-term optimizations, but using the classical NPV. These comparisons were made based on two benchmarks, SPE9 and Egg reservoir models, with an ensemble of 5 and 100 realizations, respectively. As a result, the MNPV StoSAG presents strong cash flow at the beginning of the reservoir production, a competitive NPV along the entire life cycle, and fast simulation time.
Design of Steam Alternating Solvent Process Operational Parameters Considering Shale Heterogeneity
Authors: Ma Zhiwei , Coimbra Luis , Leung Juliana Y.
Published: May 2022

The steam alternating solvent (SAS) process involves multiple cycles of steam and solvent (e.g., propane) injected into a horizontal well pair to produce heavy oil. These solvent-based methods entail a smaller environmental footprint with reduced water usage and greenhouse gas emissions. However, the lack of understanding regarding the influences of reservoir heterogeneities, such as shale barriers, remains a significant risk for field-scale predictions. Additionally, the proper design of the process is challenging because of the uncertain heterogeneity distribution and optimization of multiple conflicting objectives. This work develops a novel hybrid multiobjective optimization (MOO) workflow to search a set of Pareto-optimal operational parameters for the SAS process in heterogeneous reservoirs.

A set of synthetic homogeneous 2D is constructed using data representative of the Cold Lake reservoir. Next, multiple heterogeneous models (realizations) are built to incorporate complex shale heterogeneities. The resultant set of SAS heterogeneous models is subjected to flow simulation. A detailed sensitivity analysis examines the impacts of shale barriers on SAS production. It is used to formulate a set of operational/decision parameters (i.e., solvent concentration and duration of solvent injection cycles) and the objective functions (cumulative steam/oil ratio and propane retention). The nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is applied to search for the optimal decision parameters. Different formulations of an aggregated objective function, including average, minimum, and maximum, are used to capture the variability in objectives among the multiple realizations of the reservoir model. Finally, several proxy models are included in the hybrid workflow to evaluate the defined objective functions to reduce the computational cost.

Results of the optimization workflow reveal that both the solvent concentration and duration of the solvent injection in the early cycles have significant impacts. It is recommended to inject solvent for longer periods during both the early and late SAS stages. It is also noted that cases with higher objective function values are observed with more heterogeneities. This work offers promising potential to derisk solvent-based technologies for heavy oil recovery by facilitating more robust field-scale decision-making.
On the Injectivity of an Integral Operator Connected to Riemann Hypothesis
Authors: Adam Dumitru
Published: May 2022

The equivalent formulation of the Riemann Hypothesis (RH) givenby Alcantara-Bode ([2], 1993) states: RH holds if and only if the inte-gral operator on the Hilbert space L2(0,1) having the kernel functiondefined by the fractional part of (y/x) is injective. This formulationreduced one of the most important unsolved problems in pure math-ematics to a problem whose investigation could be made by standardtechniques of the applied mathematics.The method introduced to deal with, is based on a result obtainedin this paper: an operator linear, bounded, Hermitian on a separableHilbert space that is strict positive on a dense family of includingsubspaces, on which the sequence of the ratios between the smallestand largest eigenvalues of the operator restrictions on the family isbounded inferior by a strict positive constant, is injective.Using a version for integral operators on L2(0,1) we proved theinjectivity of the integral operator in the equivalent formulation of theRH given in [2].
Effects of 10 Hz individualized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on patients with disorders of consciousness : a study protocol for an exploratory double-blind crossover randomized sham- controlled trial
Authors: Xu Chengwei , Zhu Zhaohua , Wu Wanchun , Zheng Xiaochun , Zhong Haili , Qian Xinyi , Xie Qiuyou , Huang Xiyan
Published: May 2022

Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), as a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, has shown potentials for consciousness recovery of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC), as it is effective in regulating the excitability of central nervous system. However it is difficult to achieve satisfactory effect with “one size fits all” rTMS treatment due to different clinical conditions of patients. There is an urgent need to develop individualized strategy to improve the effectiveness rTMS on patients with DoC.Methods: Our protocol is a randomized double-blind sham-controlled crossover trial that includes 30 DoC patients. Each patient will received 20 sessions, in which 10 sessions will be rTMS-active stimulus and the other 10 sessions will be sham stimulus, separated by no less than 10 days’ washout period. The rTMS-active will include 10 Hz rTMS over the individualized-targeted selection area for each patient according to the different insult regions of the brain. Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) will be used as primary outcome at baseline, after the first stage of stimulation, at the end of the washout period and after the second stage of stimulation. Secondary outcomes will be measured at the same time, including efficiency, relative spectral power and functional connectivity of high-density electroencephalo-graph (EEG). Adverse events will be recorded during the study.Discussion: rTMS has obtained Grade A evidence in treating patients with several central nervous system diseases, and there has been some evidence showing partial improvement on level of consciousness in DoC patients. However, the effectiveness of rTMS in DoC is only 30%~36%, mostly due to the non-specific target selection. In this protocol, we present a double-blind crossover randomized sham-controlled trial based on the individualized-targeted selection strategy that aims to study the effectiveness of rTMS therapy for DoC, and the result may provide new insights to non-invasive brain stimulation.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05187000. Registered on January 10, 2022.
The impact of economic agglomeration on technological level and carbon dioxide emission intensity: A spatial perspective based on China's province-level data
Authors: Chen Hongmin , Luo Tianyu
Published: May 2022

Based on the data of 30 provinces in China from 1995 to 2019, this paper combines dynamic spatial Durbin model, and intermediary effect model to explore the spatial influence mechanism between economic agglomeration, technological level, and carbon emission intensity. Firstly, there is a significant inverted N-curve relationship between economic agglomeration and carbon emission intensity. Secondly, economic agglomeration has a direct and indirect dual effect on carbon intensity, in which technology level as an intermediary variable indirectly affects carbon emission intensity. Finally, in the time dimension, the concentration of carbon intensity of 30 provinces has increased. In the spatial dimension, economic agglomeration and technological progress can effectively constrain the level of carbon intensity, but to a certain extent it will increase the level of carbon intensity in surrounding areas.
The Core Bacterial Microbiome of Banana (Musa spp.)
Authors: Birt Henry W. G. , Pattison Anthony B. , Skarshewski Adam , Daniells Jeff , Raghavendra Anil , Dennis Paul G.
Published: May 2022

BackgroundBananas (Musa spp.) are a globally significant crop and are severely afflicted by diseases for which there are no effective chemical controls. Banana microbiomes may provide novel solutions to these constraints but are difficult to manage due to their high diversity and variability between locations. Hence ‘common core’ taxa, which are a subset of the microbiome that frequent all, or most, individuals of a host species, represent logical targets for the development of microbiome management approaches. ResultsTo identify the common core bacterial microbiome of banana, we first performed a pot experiment to characterise the effects of two factors that are likely to differ between farms (viz. edaphic conditions and host genotype) on bacterial diversity in bulk soil and seven plant compartments. As diversity was found to differ between plant compartments and soils, but not genotypes, we identified populations that were frequent across most plants irrespective of the soil in which they were grown. Shortlisted ‘candidates’ were then refined according to whether they were also frequent in a survey of 52 field-grown Musa spp. This led to the selection of 36 ‘common core’ bacteria, that represented 65-95% of the dominant taxa in field-grown plants and were identified as highly interconnected ‘hubs’ using networks – a characteristic shown to be indicative of microbes that influence host fitness in studies of other plants. Lastly, by comparing the sequences of our core taxa with those reported in 22 previous studies, we demonstrated that they are closely related to banana-associated bacteria observed on five other continents. ConclusionsOur study provides a robust list of common core bacterial taxa for Musa spp. Further research may now focus on how changes in the frequencies and activities of these most persistent taxa influence host fitness. Notably, for several of our core taxa highly similar populations have already been isolated in previous studies and may be amenable to such experimentation. This contribution should help to accelerate the development of effective Musa spp. microbiome management practices.
A cross sectional study on the prevalence of MDR Staphylococci and E. coli from livestock in Karnataka, India
Authors: MURUGESAN DEVI , Tewari Rituparna , Ojha Rakshit , Mendem Suresh Kumar , Das Lekshmi J , Venugopal Nimita , Rajangam Sridevi , Chanda Mohammed Mudassar , Nayakvadi Shivasharanappa , Shome Rajeswari , Shome Bibek Ranjan
Published: May 2022

In India, despite extensive studies on multi drug resistant bacterial pathogens in humans and animals, there is a wide gap in systematic surveillance in farming animals to have a clear vision on the prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR). In this cross-sectional study, a total of 236 samples from livestock (cattle = 128), poultry = 45), swine = 2) and small ruminants = 61)) were collected during 2019-20 from Chikkaballapur district, Karnataka to identify and characterize multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens particularly Staphylococcus spp. and E. coli. The phenotypically identified isolates were confirmed by molecular screening, further antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disc diffusion, broth microdilution and confirmatory tests (combined disc diffusion method). Resistant gene markers mecA and mecC genes were targeted in Staphylococcus spp. and extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL), AmpC type beta lactamase and carbapenem genes in E. coli isolates and screened by PCR. A total of 225 isolates recovered, 88% were Staphylococcus spp. and 47.5% were E. coli isolates. Overall prevalence of Multiple Drug resistance (MDR) was 20.35% and 35.71% in Staphylococcus spp. and E. coli, respectively. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus was found in 12% of Staphylococci and 9% of E. coli isolates which carried ESBL/AmpC/New Delhi metallo β-lactamase (NDM) genes. This study provides an insight into the prevalence of AMR in Staphylococci and E. coli and their transmission potential to humans through food chain.
Greater hypothalamic microglial activation with aging in women as compared to men: potential relevance to sex and species differences in reproductive and biologic aging.
Authors: Butler Tracy , Glodzik Lidia , Wang Xiuyuan Hugh , Xi Ke , Li Yi , Pan Hong , Zhou Liangdong , Chiang Gloria , Morim Simon , Wickramasuriya Nimmi , Tanzi Emily , Maloney Thomas , Harvey Patrick , Mao Xiangling , Razlighi Ray Qolamreza , Rusinek Henry , Shungu Dikoma , de Leon Mony , Atwood Craig S. , Mozley P. David
Published: May 2022

In rodents, hypothalamic inflammation plays a critical role in aging and age-related diseases. We used Positron Emission Tomography with a radiotracer sensitive to the TSPO molecule expressed by activated microglia to assess, for the first time, human hypothalamic inflammation. We found that women but not men showed age-correlated hypothalamic TSPO expression, and suggest this is relevant to understanding a stark sex difference in human aging, namely, that only women undergo menopause.
Oligonucleotide analogues with locked-amide linkages have therapeutic potential
Authors: Baker Ysobel , Thorpe Cameron , Chen Jinfeng , Poller Laura , Cox Lina , Kumar Pawan , Lim Wooi Fang , Lie Lillian , McClorey Graham , Epple Sven , Singleton Daniel , McDonough Michael , Hardwick Jack , Christensen Kirsten , Wood Matthew , Hall James , El-Sagheer Afaf , Brown Tom
Published: May 2022

Oligonucleotides that target mRNA have great promise as therapeutic agents for life-threatening conditions but suffer from poor bioavailability, hence high cost. As currently untreatable diseases come within the reach of oligonucleotide therapies, new analogues are urgently needed to address this. With this in mind we have developed reduced-charge oligonucleotides containing artificial LNA-amide linkages with improved gymnotic cell uptake, RNA affinity, stability and potency. To construct such oligonucleotides, five LNA-amide monomers (A, T, C, 5mC and G), where the 3´-OH is replaced by an ethanoic acid group, were synthesised in good yield and used in solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis to form amide linkages with high efficiency. The artificial backbone causes minimal structural deviation to the DNA:RNA duplex. These studies indicate that splice-switching oligonucleotides containing LNA-amide linkages and phosphorothioates display improved activity relative to oligonucleotides lacking amides, highlighting the therapeutic potential of this technology.