bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cambios en la personalidad posterior a un infarto en el núcleo subtalámico izquierdo: reporte de caso
Authors: Seubert-Ravelo Ana N , Herrera-Díaz Pamela M , Herrera-Díaz Pamela M
Published: January 2021

El núcleo subtalámico (NST) forma parte de los circuitos córtico-subcorticales motores y no motores, y por lo tanto se encuentra involucrado en diversas funciones límbicas y asociativas. En su mayoría, la literatura relacionada al NST únicamente describe y analiza su rol en funciones motoras. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 37 años, en el que se describen múltiples cambios cognitivos, conductuales y de personalidad que ocurrieron posterior al clipaje de un aneurisma roto de la arteria cerebral media izquierda que desencadenó un infarto en el NST izquierdo; no se halló ninguna otra lesión estructural cortical o subcortical. Posterior al incidente, la paciente demostró cambios cognitivos y conductuales, pero destacan los cambios en sus patrones de interacción socioafectivos (i.e. personalidad), los cuales pudieron estar influidos por experiencias negativas en etapas tempranas de su vida. Una evaluación neuropsicológica demostró CI normal y deficiencias atencionales y ejecutivas leves; los cambios de personalidad se documentaron usando una entrevista semiestructurada. Ésta reveló que los patrones de interacción pasaron de caracterizarse por una tendencia disfuncional por ser emocionalmente distante, poco comunicativa, malhumorada e incluso físicamente agresiva, a presentar un patrón de interacción pueril, afectivo, de preocupación emocional por los demás y sociable, lo que resultó en una mejoría en sus relaciones familiares. Los cambios cognitivos y afectivos asociados a lesiones del NST han sido explicados por su función inhibitoria y de selección de la acción dentro de los circuitos frontoestriatales. Pocos estudios describen cambios de personalidad, en su mayoría negativos, en contraste con el caso que aquí se presenta.
Síndrome de Charles Bonnet: reporte de un caso secundario a macroadenoma hipofisiario
Authors: Jiménez-Valverde Luis Octavio , Jiménez-López José Luis
Published: January 2021

El síndrome de Charles Bonnet (SCB) es una entidad clínica caracterizada por la presencia de alucinaciones visuales generalmente complejas en pacientes de edad avanzada, con estado cognitivo conservado, deterioro significativo de la agudeza visual y sin evidencia de alteraciones neuropsiquiátricas asociadas. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente femenina de 59 años de edad que desarrolló alucinaciones visuales después de la pérdida casi completa de la función visual. La presencia de alucinaciones visuales en personas de edad avanzada con deterioro importante de la agudeza visual y sin alteraciones en el resto de las funciones mentales, obliga a una búsqueda de padecimientos que pudieran involucrar la función de la vía visual.
Efectividad de la terapia en espejo en la rehabilitación del ictus
Authors: Blanco-Alonso Miguel , Cuña-Carrera Iria Da , González-González Yoana
Published: January 2021

Antecedentes: el ictus es la principal causa de discapacidad neurológica a nivel mundial. Afecta a nivel motor o cognitivo y es necesario tratarlo de la manera más
precoz posible. Una de las terapias más utilizadas para restablecer las secuelas del ictus es la terapia en espejos. Objetivo: Averiguar la efectividad de la terapia en espejos en la
rehabilitación del ictus. Método: se eligieron tres bases de datos para la realización de la búsqueda: Pubmed, Medline y Cinahl. La ecuación de búsqueda contenía tres términos (“Stroke“,
“Treatment outcome“ y “Mirror therapy“) y se incluyeron artículos en inglés. Una vez excluidos las revisiones, los artículos sin acceso y los que no se adecúen al objetivo analizamos un total
de 13 artículos. Resultados: 11 de los estudios son ECAs y los dos restantes son estudios piloto. La mayor parte de los pacientes eran hombres que superaban los 60 años que sufrieron un ictus
isquémico hace más de 3 semanas. Discusión: Se analizó la duración del tratamiento, en qué consistía el mismo y sus efectos en las secuelas del ictus que afectan a las capacidades funcionales
de los sujetos que los han sufrido. Conclusión: la función motora es una de las características que mejor responde ante el tratamiento experimental aunque otras variables menos evaluadas como
el equilibrio y la negligencia también obtuvieron resultados positivos.
Avances en la investigación preclínica del dominio C-Terminal de la cadena pesada de la toxina tetánica en enfermedades neurodegenerativas
Authors: Parra Irving , Martínez Isabel , Luna Félix , Alatriste Victorino , Limón Daniel , Liliana Mendieta
Published: January 2021

La toxina tetánica es un polipéptido de 1315 aminoácidos que pesa 150 kDa, de la cual, se extrae una fracción no tóxica de 50 kDa que tiene la capacidad de cruzar la
barrera hematoencefálica y viaja de forma retro axonal y realiza saltos sinápticos. Estudios in vivo e in vitro indican que el dominio C-terminal de la cadena pesada de la toxina tetánica (HC
-TeTx) tiene propiedades neuromoduladoras, neuroprotectoras y antiapoptóticas por lo que existen grandes expectativas sobre su posible empleo en la terapéutica.
Meningoencefalitis eosinofílica por Angiostrongylus cantonensis
Authors: Ramos-Robledo Alejandro , Meijides-Mejías Christian , Zamora-Fung Rolando , Dorta-Contreras Alberto Juan
Published: January 2021

Angiostrongylus cantonensis (A. cantonensis) es un helminto que constituye la principal causa de meningoencefalitis eosinofílica en el mundo y endémica en muchas partes del mundo. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar la literatura publicada sobre el tema sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad que ocasiona, la fisiopatología de la enfermedad, casos interesantes y las particularidades de esta donde no existan hábitos de ingerir caracoles crudos y no existan otras etiologías. Se revisaron 37 artículos sobre la enfermedad en revistas nacionales e internacionales de acceso abierto que abarca la base de datos Scopus en el período de 1957 a octubre de 2019. Se confirma que la liberación de sustancias tóxicas, por lisis masiva de las larvas del parásito, produce el proceso inflamatorio en el sistema nervioso central y de esta manera se instaura finalmente la meningoencefalitis eosinofílica. Las manifestaciones clínicas más comunes de la enfermedad incluyen cefalea intensa, rigidez de nuca, náuseas, vómitos y parestesias. La fiebre se presenta en aproximadamente en la tercera parte de los enfermos. Los síntomas y los signos son a menudo leves o moderados, pero pueden llegar el coma. El diagnóstico está basado en los factores epidemiológicos, cuadro clínico presentado, así como los hallazgos positivos de los métodos diagnósticos inmunológicos y por PCR y los reibergramas como auxiliares. El tratamiento presenta alternativas al tratamiento sintomático con la talidomida y albendazol y la terapéutica combinada Interleucina-12 (IL-12) /Albendazol ensayada hasta ahora en ratas.
Resección de meningioma espinal por laminoplastía en un segundo nivel de atención. “Video”
Authors: García-García Juan Pablo , Sánchez-Cerón José Mauro
Published: January 2021

Hombre de 61 años de edad referido al servicio de neurocirugía de un segundo nivel de atención, por presentar alteraciones en la sensibilidad de la región abdominal y de miembros pélvicos, junto con una disminución en la fuerza de los mismos aunado a fallas ocasionales para el control de esfínter vesical, se realizaron estudios de diagnóstico, en las imágenes de resonancia magnética (RMN) se observa una lesión ocupante de espacio en la región torácica relacionada a un probable meningioma espinal en T6. Se efectuó laminoplastía y se resecó la lesión tumoral quitando la compresión medular, el resultado de patología confirmo un meningioma transicional, la sintomatología remitió, ha ido recuperando el déficit neurológico y la fuerza muscular.
Historical experience in the fight against human trafficking and criminal exploitation in the pre-revolutionary period of the Russian state
Authors: Kovalenko Vera , Pavlichenko Nikolay , Samodelkin Alexander
Published: January 2021

The author studies the history of the development of Russian legislation in the pre-revolutionary period (X - beginning of XX century), which reflected the historical experience of the state’s struggle against serious infringements on human freedom, the historical milestones of the Genesis of illegal forms of human trafficking and illegal exploitation of human beings are reflected, during which the state made attempts to regulate legal and prohibit illegal forms of sale and exploitation of human beings with the help of legal regulations.
From Alpha Diversity to ZZZ: Exploring associations among sleep, gut bacteria and behavioral development in infancy
Authors: Schoch Sarah Fiona , Castro-Meija Josue L. , Krych Lukas , Kot Witold , Leng Bingfeng , Kohler Malcolm , Huber Reto , Rogler Gerhard , Biedermann Luc , Walser Jean-Claude , Nielsen Dennis S. , Kurth Salome
Published: January 2021

Infancy is a period of marked development, entailing many maturation processes that lay the foundation for later health. Two crucial health factors in infancy are the establishment of a sleep-wake rhythm and the growth of gut bacterial diversity - both have been linked to later cognitive and physiological outcomes. In adults and animal models, evidence is emerging that sleep and gut bacteria are bidirectionally linked. However, it is yet unclear when and how the sleep-gut link in early life evolves. Here we demonstrate that a sleep-gut link develops in infancy, undergoes transitional dynamics, and involves an early sensitive period. Specifically, infants' daytime sleep is linked to markers of bacterial diversity, and nighttime awakenings are associated with gut bacterial maturity and bacterial enterotype. Furthermore, both sleep and gut bacteria are associated with behavioral developmental outcomes, with the strongest connections at 3 months of age. Our results demonstrate the dynamic interplay of sleep and gut bacteria within healthy human development. As both sleep and gut bacteria are modifiable, they are promising targets for early intervention in clinical groups.
Citations in Scientific Journals in Vietnam: An Analysis from the Field of Educational Science
Authors: AISDL
Published: January 2021

The improvement and enhancement of scientific journals in Vietnam to meet international standards is in line with the directions and policies of the Vietnamese government. These policies aim to enhance the scientific and technological capacity of the contingent of researchers and research agencies in Vietnam. According to previous studies conducted in the period between1996-2013 in Vietnam, the total scientific output of the whole country increased by only 16 publications per year between 1996-2001. It was also found that there was an increase of 20% per year in 2002-2013 (Manh, 2015). Therefore, it is extremely necessary to propose a criteria and measures for domestic scientific journals to access international publishing standards as well as improve the capacity of Vietnamese researchers. In a number of studies related to improving the quality of international publications of scientists in Vietnam, the issue of improving the capacity of ranking research journals appeared in the works of Chung et al.(2019), Cuong, Loc, Trung, & Trung (2020), Ho et al. (2019) Hoang et al. (2020), Hung (2016), Nguyen et al. (2020), Trang et al. (2020), Trung, Linh, Phuong, Toan, & Hoang (2020). Most authors have confirmed the trend of increasing the quantity and quality of research in general and research in the field of educational science in Vietnam. However, the authors also pointed out a number of reasons why scientific research in Vietnam has not yet met the standards of international scientific research, including the issue of citing references.
Extraordinary Claims, Extraordinary Evidence? A Discussion
Authors: Shiffrin Rich , Matzke Dora , Crystal Jonathon , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan , Chandramouli Suyog , Vandekerckhove Joachim , Zorzi Marco , Morey Richard Donald , Murphy Mary C
Published: January 2021

Roberts (2020) discussed research claiming honeybees can do arithmetic. Some readers of this research might regard such claims as unlikely. The present authors used this example as a basis for a debate on the criterion that ought to be used for publication of results or conclusions that could be viewed as unlikely by a significant number of readers, editors, or reviewers.
BAHAGIA DIKALA DUNIA TAK SESUAI EKSPEKTASI (KALA PANDEMI COVID-19)
Authors: Noorrahman Aldi
Published: January 2021

Fokus penelitian ini bertujuan membahas sebisa mungkin agar para pembacanya mampu mengambil inti sari dari banyaknya konsep kebahagiaan. Sekarang ini dunia lagi dilanda dengan ketidakpastian (di kala pandemi covid-19), kapan berakhirnya penyakitnya menular ini? Kapan bisa hidup normal sepenuhnya lagi? Semua hal ini sama sekali tidak pernah diekspektasikan oleh hampir semua orang. Mau mengeluh atau bahagia itu adalah suatu pilihan. Metode yang digunakan pada jurnal ini adalah kajian literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebahagiaan itu memiliki banyak perspektif dan sekaligus bersifat subjektif, dimana setiap orang bisa memiliki definisi kebahagiaannya masing-masing.
Effects of holothuria extract on pain behaviour and Fos like immunoreactivity (FLI) in formalin pain
Authors: AA Che Badariah , HA Asma , H Mohd Nizam , FA Siti
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of gamat extract on pain behaviour and Fos like immunoreactivity (FLI) expression in the ventral posterolateral thalamus using the acute pain model. Materials & Methods: Fourteen Sprague-Dawley male rats (220-300 gram) were given intraplantar injection of 0.05ml formalin (1%) followed by intraperitoneal administration of either 4 mg/kg gamat extracts (Holothuria spp.) or saline (control). Behavioural changes were observed and rats were sacrificed 2 hours post-formalin injection. Immunohistochemistry testing was done on the brain sections. FLI was examined using a light microscope attached to an image analyser. The behaviour and FLI data were analysed using repeated measure analysis of variance and independent t-test respectively. Significance level was taken as p<0.05. Results: The control group has significantly higher pain scores compared to holothuria group (F (1) =13.635, p=0.003). There was significant reduction in the pain behaviour score in the holothuria group when compared to the control group in phase 1 (t (14) =2.9, p=0.012) and most of the time from 15 to 60 minutes post-formalin injection (t (12) =3.535, p=0.004). There was a significant reduction (P<0.05) in the number of FLI on the contralateral aspect of the ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus in the group that received 4mg/kg of holothuria extract (63  3.18) compared to control group (84   6.36). Conclusion: This study showed that administration of holothuria extract significantly suppressed the pain behaviour and reduced the number of FLI in formalin injected rats compared to control.
Breast cancer screening: How knowledgeable are female staff of a public university?
Authors: MZ Nor Afiah , AR Hejar , YK Looi , SJ Lim , CY Ng , CY Tong
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and in Malaysia. It has better cure rate if detected early. However, the practice of breast cancer screening in Malaysia is still low. The objective of this study is to determine the knowledge and its associated factors as well as sources of information on breast cancer and breast cancer screening among female staff in a public university in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in 2005 involving 394 female staff including academic and non-academic staff, which was selected by cluster sampling. A self-administered questionnaire on socioeconomic characteristics and family history of breast cancer was used for data collection. Chi-square Test and Fisher’s Exact Test was used for testing an association using SPSS 12.0. Results: The response rate was 84.3%. Only 50.9% had high knowledge on breast cancer and breast cancer screening and this was significantly associated with occupational status, monthly family income and educational level (p<0.05). The usual source of information was mass media (92.2%) while the most preferred source is the health team (71.4%). Conclusion: As mass media was a major source of information, all types of mass media could efficiently be utilized to disseminate knowledge by presenting specific programmes associated with breast cancer and breast cancer screening.
Antioxidant activity in children with ADHD – a comparison in untreated and treated subjects with normal children
Authors: K Ruchi , S Anil Kumar , G Sunil , A Bashir , S Prabhat
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a frequently encountered clinical condition in children. Based on DSM IV-TR criteria it can be sub-classified into three distinct types namely hyperactiveimpulsive, inattentive and combined. Materials and Methods: In the present study, salivary antioxidant activity (AOA) in children with ADHD was compared with age-matched normal control subjects, both as a whole and also with regard to the three subtypes. Additionally, the effect of therapy on the altered AOA levels was investigated following short term (<3 months) and long term (1–3 years) treatments. AOA and catalase activities in the saliva were estimated employing previously reported biochemical procedures. Results: While AOA is decreased in ADHD patients as compared to normal subjects, statistically significant decrease is seen only in the combined and the hyperactive-impulsive subtypes. Restoration of AOA and catalase activities is seen only after sustained therapy and not in the short term. Conclusion: It is concluded that ADHD is associated with decrease in AOA and this should possibly also be addressed for limiting the long term outcomes of this condition.
Dysphagia caused by an aberrant right subclavian artery
Authors: H Radhiana , MR Ahmad Razali , WL Wan Ishlah
Published: January 2021

An aberrant right subclavian artery is the commonest aortic arch anomaly. Majority of them were asymptomatic. An aberrant subclavian artery is a rare cause of dysphagia in adults. This condition is also known as dysphagia lusoria. We report a case of dysphagia in a 49-year-old woman from an aberrant right subclavian artery. Diagnosis of her condition was made with barium swallow and MDCT (multidetector computed tomography) scan. She was managed conservatively.
Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide: A Review from Islamic Point of View
Authors: RM Yousuf , AR Mohammed Fauzi
Published: January 2021

Due to globalizing trend of homogenisation of culture, changes in the health care delivery system and market economics infringing on the practice of medicine, there has been a gradual shift in the attitude of the medical community as well as the lay public towards greater acceptance of euthanasia as an option for terminally ill and dying patients. Physicians in developing countries come across situations where such issues are raised with increasing frequency. As the subject has gained worldwide prominence, we want to review this topic from Islamic perspective due to its significance in medical ethics and clinical practice.
Salivary and Serum Antioxidant Activity in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Y Gulati , VS Narain , AK Saxena , PK Nigam , B Ali
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. However, much less is understood about the redox status of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The present study was, therefore, designed to evaluate the redox status of patients with ACS prior to and following therapy as compared to age-matched healthy individuals by monitoring the antioxidant potential of serum and saliva as biomarkers of oxidative stress and evaluating their likely correlation with the clinical status of the patients. Methods: A total of 33 patients (29-78 year old, male) with the diagnosis of ACS and age-matched 16 healthy male (control) were included in the study. The diagnosis of ACS was based on the clinical presentation, ECG and serum cardiac biomarkers. These patients were grouped as acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation subtype (STEMI, n=24) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction subtype (NSTEMI, n=9). Serum and salivary antioxidant activity (AOA) were determined spectrophotometrically. Results: Antioxidant defense, as reflected by lower total AOA in saliva and serum, was found to be significantly attenuated in patients with ACS as compared to control subjects, indicating an increased oxidative stress. The decrease in AOA was more conspicuous in patients with STEMI as compared to non-NSTEMI suggesting more oxidative stress in the former is associated with the severity of the disease, including tissue necrosis in STEMI patients. Drug treatment to ACS patients for a short-term period (4-6 days) elicited no significant improvement in their AOA. However, ACS patients receiving longterm drug treatment (4-5 weeks) exhibited a significant increase in AOA as well as an improvement in the clinical status. Conclusion: This preliminary study supports the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of ACS and the use of salivary and serum AOA as a potential marker of the redox status and disease severity.
A Puzzling Case of Biliary Stricture with Calcified Liver Nodules
Authors: VM Leow , MS Faizah , KF Yang , MN Hasnan , SS Manisekar
Published: January 2021

Tuberculous (TB) biliary stricture with calcified liver nodules rendering obstructive jaundice is a rare clinical phenomenon. Recently, we encountered a young patient with obstructive jaundice who was investigated in a general hospital. He was sent to our hospital for subsequent management after undergoing a series of investigations and biliary stenting. The radiological imagings performed revealed multiple calcified lesions in the liver with proximal bile duct strictures. Blood investigations, tumor markers and tuberculous work up were not remarkable. Subsequently, he underwent laparotomy and biliary reconstruction. Postoperatively, he was discharged well. Histopathological examination of the hepatoduodenal nodes showed chronic infections and granulomatous lymphadenitis, suspicious of a mycobacterium infection.
Universal reliance on LAL/TAL in bacterial endotoxin detection in drugs and parenteral - An ecological and economic perspective
Authors: John, B Akbar , K.C.A. Jalal, , S. Hassan, , B.Y., Kamaruzzaman, , M. Rozihan,
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Endotoxin detection and quantification in biological drugs and parenteral is a crucial step in helping us to be confident in process control (IPC) and product release decisions. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves either Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) /Tachypleus Amebocyte Lysate (TAL) derived from blue blood of horseshoe crabs to detect and quantify endotoxin. This in turn increases harvest pressure on wild crabs for biomedical bleeding practice which eventually leads to post bleeding mortality up to 30%. In economic perspective, the LAL/TAL industry worth more than 50 million USD annually. Methods: Numbers of methods were adopted to enhance the accuracy of endotoxin detection, including gel clot, turbidimetric and chromogenic method. Results: However, all these methods require crabs either from wild or from captive for bleeding purpose. Though, various conservative measures are being taken, the habitat degradation and anthropogenic pressures on wild crab population is still beyond control and leads to unsustainable utilization of natural stock. Conclusions: Due to an increased demand of LAL/TAL, the present review paper addresses the issues related to Eco-economical viewpoint on sustainable utilization of wild stock for future LAL/TAL industry. It also addresses pros and cons of recent advanced sensor technology in rapid and low cost detection of endotoxin.
Utilization of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) enhanced high resolution corneal (EHRC) software in measuring Pterygium thickness
Authors: Hilmi Mohd Radzi , Mohd Kamal Khairidzan , Che Azemin Mohd Zulfaezal , Ariffin Azrin Esmady
Published: January 2021

Introduction: To propose an objective method of quantifying pterygium thickness using AS-OCT. Methods: Anterior segment imaging was performed using Enhanced High Resolution Corneal (EHRC) of Visante™ OCT in 68 primary pterygium eyes. Prior to imaging, corneal topography assessment was performed on each pterygium eye in order to identify its topographic location. Based on topography mapping, three meridians (in degrees) were selected as close as possible to the pterygium border, which signify the demarcation of pterygium from the cornea. Reliability testing between intra and inter-observer on OCT imaging modality was examined using Intraclass correlation (ICC) and scatter plot. Results: The overall (n = 68) mean and SD of pterygium thickness via OCT modality were 0.48 ± 0.10 mm (CI: 0.45 – 0.50). OCT imaging also showed excellent intra and intergrader reliability in measuring pterygium thickness with ICC of 0.997 (CI: 0.994 – 0.998). Conclusions: We have described and demonstrated the use of EHRC as an objective measurement for pterygium thickness. This tool proved could eliminate the variability of human inter-graders in assessing thickness of pterygium with its promising ICC. This study had proved that anterior segment OCT imaging is a better choice in assessing pterygium compared to traditional slit-lamp biomicroscopy. We suggest that this tool is applicable for future work such as to understand the role thickness in pterygium morphology and its progression. Better understanding of pterygium morphology is important for future clinical decision, especially on prediction of induced corneal astigmatism and visual impairment due to pterygium.
Kappa antagonist to prevent drug relapse: Does stage in addiction cycle matter?
Authors: Ridzwan Irna Elina , Zulkifli Muhammad Harith , Wasli Nur Syafinaz , Mohmad Faudzi Syed Mohd Syahmi Syd
Published: January 2021

Introduction: An upregulation of the kappa opioid receptor (KOR) system during drug preoccupation stage in addiction cycle will cause dysphoria among addicts which can lead to relapse. Therefore, KOR antagonism treatment might hold the key to prevent relapse. In this study, we aim to identify the exact addiction’s stage in which KOR antagonist can be given. Methods: Using a conditioned place preference (CPP) model, adult male Swiss albino mice were divided into two major groups. The first group received treatment at the initial stage of morphine withdrawal (7.5 mg/kg, i.p) while the second group received treatment after complete abstinence was achieved. Each major groups were further divided into two treatment groups (n=8-12), either received a functional KOR antagonist (0.3 mg/kg buprenorphine/ 1 mg/kg naltrexone combination, i.p) or a selective KOR antagonist (10 mg/kg nor-BNI, i.p) prior to morphine priming (2.5 mg/kg, i.p). All data were analyzed using paired sample t-test. Results: The results showed that relapse was successfully attenuated in the groups that received KOR antagonists only after complete abstinence was successfully achieved (not significantly different from their baseline). However, the mice developed unusual sign of behavior sensitization (intermittent freezing, licking) when buprenorphine/naltrexone combination was given at initial stage of withdrawal. Conclusions: Our initial findings suggest that KOR antagonism might be beneficial only after the addicts achieved complete abstinence to prevent future druginduced relapse. Brain study should be conducted to explain the unusual behavior seen when the drug intervention is given at an earlier stage of withdrawal.
Sawing Through The Neck - A Case of Serrated Fish Bone Migrating to Prevertebral Space
Authors: LX Ngui , G. Shashi , AB. Muhammad Nasri
Published: January 2021

Fish bone is the commonest pharyngeal foreign body, however migrating fish bone is a rare occurrence. We report a case of a 54-year-old male who had history of fish bone ingestion over a week and presented with odynophagia and worsening neck pain. Rigid esophagoscopy revealed tip of a fish bone which was embedded in granulation tissue. The fish bone migrated further with manipulation. Aided with computed tomography scan findings, the serrated fish bone was finally removed via transcervical approach without any complication. In conclusion, high index of suspicion and prompt removal of migrating fish bone with the aid of computed tomography imaging is necessary to avoid fatal complications.
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and Determinants Among Obese Teachers in Makassar, Indonesia
Authors: MKM Nurzakiah Hasan , Hadju Veni , Jafar Nurhaedar , Thaha Ridwan M.
Published: January 2021

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is related to the increased risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Teacher profession is an adult group with various risks of NCDs. This study aims to assess the determinants of the MetS in teachers with central obesity. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia with cross- sectional study design on 12 secondary schools. The number of samples in this study was 129 teachers. The prevalence of the MetS was determined using criteria from the Joint Interim Statement, while physical activity and sitting time were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results: Respondents in our study were mostly women (78.3%) with an average age of 49.8 years. The prevalence of the MetS in our study population was 39.5%. The prevalence of the Mets was higher in Buginese ethnic (70.6%), respondents with more income (56.9%), bachelor degree (80.4%), married (98%), family history of diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension and heart diseases (52.9%), and moderate physical activity (37.3%). There was a significant relationship between sitting time 4 hours; p=0.004), parameters of Mets (p<0.001), LDL (p=0.026), and LDL/HDL ratio (p<0.001) with the Mets. Conclusions: The prevalence of the Mets is high among obese teachers in our study population. Sitting time was an important determinant for MetS among obese teachers.
Psychosocial Distress and Blood Pressure among Young Adults: Role of Cortisol as Mediator
Authors: W.O. Wan Fatein Nabeila , S.M.S Azarisman , A.R. Jamalludin , A.T. Norlelawati , M. Ramli , N.S.M.S. Aida , A. Sithu , A. Aszrin
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Hypertension is the most prevalent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases in Malaysia. 17.3% of hypertension cases in Malaysia is attributed to adults aged 18 to 39 years. Psychosocial distress is a possible risk factor for elevated blood pressure in young adults, and cortisol could be the mediating factor. The aim of this study is to evaluate the mediating role of cortisol in hypertension and psychosocial distress in young adults. Methods and materials: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 240 young adults aged 18 to 45 years. The body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure parameters were recorded. Serum cortisol, creatinine, fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were measured following acute mental stress test. Psychosocial distress was assessed using the DASS-21 questionnaire. Results: Mean (standard deviation) values for SBP, DBP, MAP were 126.0(16.3), 84.1(12.2) and 98.1(13.1) mmHg respectively. Anxiety was significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (β=0.644), diastolic blood pressure (β=0.454) and mean arterial pressure (β=0.516) after adjusting for sex, age and cortisol. However, it was not mediated by cortisol. Depression and stress were not found to have any effect on blood pressure of the young adults studied. Conclusion: The data suggest that there is no elevated risk for psychosocial distress and hypertension that cortisol poses in young adults.
Determination of SOX9 Gene Expression In Brain Tumours Among East Coast Malaysia Population
Authors: NB Md Dzali , WR Wan Taib , MN Zahary , NH Abu Bakar , AZ Abd Latif , F Ahmad , H Jaafar
Published: January 2021

Introduction: SOX9, a members of SOX family, plays a significant roles in developmental processes during embryogenesis, including brain tissue. Few studies have shown that SOX9 has been involved in tumourigenesis of several types of cancer including brain tumour. However, such studies are still lacking in the Malaysian population. The aim of this study was to determine SOX9 expression level in several types of brain tumours in East Coast Malaysia. Materials and Methods: Five formalin-fixed pariffin-embedded brain tumour samples of Malay descendants were sectioned by using microtome. RNA extraction was performed with slight modification by adding Trizol during tissue lysis. The RNA was converted to cDNA using reverse transcription technique before SOX9 expression was detected using RT q-PCR assay in brain tumours normalized to non-neoplastic brain tissues. Results: Overall results displayed that SOX9 gene in all samples were up-regulated. SOX9 overexpression was found in both high and low grade glioma (anaplastic and pilocytic astrocytoma respectively). This is consistence with both low grade (benign) and atypical meningioma. Secondary brain tumour also showed up-regulation when compared to normal brain tissue. Conclusion: Up-regulation in SOX9 expression in selected brain tumours in Malay patients revealed its significant roles in brain tumourigenesis. Functional studies should be carried out to observe the SOX9 functions and mechanism whether they should reflect their diverse roles in Malaysia population.
Intervention to Reduce Needle Stick Injuries
Authors: A Tun Fizi , A Maygala , K Suzana , A Yogeswari , MB Nishazini , J Zainah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Healthcare workers face the risk of infection from potentially deadly diseases from the use of unsafe needles every day. It has been estimated that over 350,000 needlestick and sharps related injuries occur annually with an average of 1,000 infections annually and over 100 deaths by the CDC (Centers for Disease Control & Prevention). It has been reported that 0.6 cases in average of needle stick injury incident occurred in KPJ Seremban almost every month in 2008. Analysis was done and it was that found that the majority of cases were due to failure to adhere to universal precautions. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was done (January to December 2008). Data was collected from reviewed incidence reports. Statistics showed that needle stick injuries occurred after a procedure and during disposal of used needles. We then introduced several measures with these aims; to inculcate ‘Safety Culture’ among healthcare workers through quality training, to ensure that all newly qualified healthcare workers are well trained in handling sharp devices, to reduce the incidence of needlestick injuries, to do effective monitoring audit, to convey knowledge to healthcare workers on safety practices by Infection control team. These strategies included; High quality education and training to all staffs conducted continuously, identifying those at risk, introduce safer medical devices – using of Angiocath for setting IV line and needle-less injection port and providing for a secure work environment. Results: 1) Needle stick injury cases reduce 65% as compared to last year. 2) Through surveys and questionnaires, 95% of healthcare workers understand and adhere to universal precautions in 2009 as compared 30% in previous year. 3) Number training conducted increased from 7days in year 2008 to 21 days in year 2009. Conclusion: Collaborative and participative approaches are helpful in reducing the transmission of blood borne pathogens and other sharps-related injuries.
Formación inicial docente: preocupación de la educadora Beatrice Ávalos, Premio Nacional de Educación 2013, Chile
Authors: Escudero Jaime Caiceo
Published: January 2021

La calidad de la educación es una de las mayores preocupaciones en Chile desde la vuelta a la democracia en 1990. En efecto, en esa época se creó el Programa de Mejoramiento de la Calidad y Equidad de la Educación -MECE-, dependiente del Ministerio de Educación, con tal objetivo. En esta comunicación se persigue dar a conocer el pensamiento y la acción pedagógica de la Dra. Ávalos con el fin de comprender los distintos programas implementados en Chile en los últimos 25 años, en vista de mejorar la calidad de la educación, enfatizando su preocupación por la formación inicial, aspecto clave que tuvo presente la Comisión que le otorgó el Premio Nacional en Ciencias de la Educación en el año 2013. Al mismo tiempo, se reconstruirá su biografía y el trabajo académico realizado durante su autoexilio en Gales, Canadá y Papúa Guinea, siempre en la línea de mejorar la calidad docente.
Utjecaj turističkih trendova na kategorizaciju hotela u Hrvatskoj početkom 21. stoljeća
Authors: Mrinjek Kliska Neda , Šerman Karin , Bačić Dubravko , Mrđa Ana
Published: January 2021

Rad analizira kvantitativnu i kvalitativnu prilagodbu hotela u Hrvatskoj recentnim promjenama u turizmu. Opseg prilagodbi analiziran je na temelju podataka o kategoriziranim hotelima Ministarstva turizma Republike Hrvatske. Analizirana je promjena broja kategoriziranih hotelskih soba od 1* do 5* u razdoblju od 2005. do 2017. godine i promjena broja kategoriziranih hotela od 1* do 5* u razdoblju od 2005. do 2017. godine. Istraživanje je potvrdilo povećanje broja hotela i broja hotelskih soba visokih smještajnih kategorija te dominantan prijelaz hotela iz kategorije 3* u kategoriju 4*. Rad se osvrće na arhitektonske zahvate koji su posljedica promjena u kategoriji hotela analizom primjera hotelskih zgrada u uvali Čikat.
CROATIAN LITERARY CRITICS AND TRANSLATORS, AUTHORS OF ITALIAN ARTICLES IN THE JOURNAL STVARANJE (1946–1991)
Authors: Jauković Desanka
Published: January 2021

On the pages of the journal Stvaranje, one of the most important messengers of culture in Montenegro and Yugoslavia after the Second World War, the Italian literary and cultural reality left a unique mark, to which, as authors of numerous Italian articles, Croatian literary critics and translators made an exceptional contribution. This specific
permeation is due, among other things, to the vicinity of one Adriatic coast to another, which resulted in a strong intercultural exchange, especially in those parts of the former Yugoslavia, besides Montenegro and Slovenia, it was the case with Croatia, which is geographically, historically and commercially very close to Italy. Considering this,
detecting the presence and treatment of Italian contributions signed by Croatian cultural representatives contributes to the reconstruction and revaluation of literary life in this area in the post-war period, illuminating not so known part of Yugoslav cultural history. From the total of 25 articles prepared by Croatian literary critics and translators
in the journal Stvaranje during the specified period, which were part of a interpretive, demonstrative or receptive review of the current Italian literary and cultural scene, is not read one-way interest in Italian literature, language and art in the narrowest, national domain but also the search for the most diverse segments of Italian culture in the
Yugoslav area.
ANALISIS PENGARUH TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI PADA IKLIM ORGANISASI DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASI PERGURUAN TINGGI SWASTA
Authors: Maulani Galih Abdul Fatah , Sapril Mubarok Teten Mohamad
Published: January 2021

Dalam era Revolusi Industri 4.0 dan Society 5.0 peran dan posisi Teknologi Informasi menjadi sangat vital bagi setiap organisasi dimana teknologi informasi menjadi strategi bisnis yang dapat menjada eksistensi sebuah organisasi, tak terkecuali Perguruan Tinggi Swasta. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui pengaruh teknologi informasi terhadap iklim organisasi perguruan tinggi swasta di Kabupaten Garut serta dampaknya terhadap komitmen organisasi pada lingkungan perguruan tinggi. Selain itu penelitian ini memiliki urgensi untuk mengetahui seberapa besar peranan teknologi informasi ditengah-tengah organisasi yang belum optimal menerapkan Teknologi tersebut sebagai alat pendukung dalam proses bisnis di perguruan tinggi swasta. Metodologi Penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian desrkiptif dan verifikatif. Penelitian deskriptif bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran atau karakteristik dari suatu variabel, dalam hal ini variabel teknologi informasi, iklim organisasi perguruan tinggi dan komitmen organisasi perguruan tinggi. Hasil dari penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara teknologi informasi pada iklim organisasi di perguruan tinggi swasta, selain itu juga terdapat dampak yang signifikan terhap komitmen yang dibangun oleh perguruan tinggi swasta di Kabupaten Garut. Kata Kunci: Teknologi informasi, Iklim organisasi, Komitmen organisasi.
EFEK LATIHAN FISIK TERHADAP VO2 MAX PADA MAHASISWA
Authors: Tang Aco , Thahir Muh
Published: January 2021

VO2 max merupakan jumlah oksigen maksimal yang dikonsumsi permenit ketika seseorang telah mencapai usaha maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Latihan Fisik Terhadap Vo2 max Mahasiswa Tingkat 1 Jurusan Fisioterapi Poltekkes Makassar. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian eksperimen lapangan yang melibatkan variabel perlakuan yaitu latihan fisik, sedangkan variabel respons adalah Vo2 max. Desain penelitian adalah Quasy experiment dengan desain pretest-post test two group design. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa tingkat 1 program studi D.III Fisioterapi Poltekkes Kemenkes Makassar sebanyak 50 orang, sedangkan sampel mahasiswa tingkat 1 program studi D.III Fisioterapi Poltekkes Kemenkes Makassar sebanyak 40 orang, dengan teknik sampling secara random sampling dibagi menjadi 2 (dua) kelompok, satu kelompok perlakuan yang berjumlah 20 orang dan satu kelompok kontrol yang berjumlah 20 orang. Penelitian ini bleep test untuk mengukur Vo2 max  sebelum dan sesudah pemberian intervensi 2 kali seminggu selama 8 minggu. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pemberian latihan fisik terhadap perubahan VO2 max mahasiswa tingkat I Poltekkes kemenkes Makassar. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi bahan pertimbangan bagi tenaga kesehatan dalam upaya promotif maupun pengadaan pelayanan kesehatan berupa latihan fisik untuk meningkatkan VO2 max.Kata Kunci : Latihan fisik, Vo2 max , mahasiswa
KADAR HORMON PROGESTERON PADA REMAJA PUTRI YANG MENGALAMI PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME DI PESANTREN DARUL ARQAM MAKASSAR
Authors: Aspar Hukmiyah , Farahdiba Idha
Published: January 2021

Premenstrual syndrome dapat menimbulkan depresi yang terkadang dapat memunculkan perasaan ingin bunuh diri, bahkan keinginan untuk melakukan kekerasan pada diri sendiri  ataupun pada orang lain. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Kadar Hormon Progesteron pada Remaja Putri yang Mengalami Premenstrual Syndrome. Metode yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Tekhnik pemilihan sampel yang digunakan adalah penyampelan purposive dengan jumlah sampel 50 orang (25 PMS dan 25 yang tidak PMS). Tindakan dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel darah 5 hari sebelum menstruasi sebanyak 5-10 cc dengan menggunakan Enzim Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay ( ELISA) kit. Data yang berdistribusi normal diuji dengan menggunakan uji parametric t test tidak berpasangan dan data yang tidak berdistribusi normal diuji dengan menggunakan uji non parametric Mann Whitney U. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 50 responden terdiri 25 yang PMS dan 25 yang tidak PMS didapatkan nilai rata-rata subjek yang memiliki kadar Progesteron yang PMS nilai rata–rata Hormon Progesteron sebesar 3,78 ng/mL lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang tidak PMS sebesar 2,57 ng/mL. Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan dan data  diolah dengan menggunakan uji t , didapatkan Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak dimana nilai mean pada remaja PMS lebih tinggi daripada yang tidak PMS dengan nilai p = 0,048< α = 0,05. Hal ini berarti ada pengaruh yang signifikan kadar Hormon Progesteron bagi penderita PMS dengan yang tidak menderita PMS. Selanjutnya yang mengalami PMS ringan nilai rata-rata hormon Hormon Progesteron sebesar 4,65 ng/mL sedangkan nilai rata-rata Hormon Progesteron  yang PMS berat sebesar 3,09 ng/mL. Nilai p = 0,030 < α = 0,05 hal ini berarti bahwa ada pengaruh signifikan kadar Hormon Progesteron antara tidak PMS, PMS ringan dan PMS berat.
FORMULASI DAN UJI STABILITAS FISIKA DAN KIMIA SEDIAAN SHAMPO ANTIKETOMBE EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH JERUK PURUT (Citrus hystrix Dc)
Authors: Auliah Nielma , Asri Muhammad , Wahyuningsih Sri
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan ekstrak kulit buah jeruk purut (Citrus hystrix Dc.) menjadi sediaan Shampo Antiketombe dengan variasi konsentrasi F1 tanpa ekstrak, F2 5%, F3 10% dan F4 15%. Jenis penelitian ini berupa eksperimen laboratorium dengan pengujian shampo antiketombe meliputi uji stabilitas, Organleptik, Ph, Viskositas dan uji antijamur terhadap jamur Candida albicans. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu shampo antiketombe dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 15% menunjukkan Ph 5,2 – 6,8 dimana memenuhi syarat sediaan shampo yaitu antara 5,0-9,0. Secara organoleptis sediaan shampo antiketombe ekstrak kulit buah jeruk purut menunjukkan tidak ada perubahan bau, warna dan bentuk sebelum dan setelah penyimpanan dipercepat yakni sediaan shampo tetap memiliki bau yang khas, warna coklat hingga coklat tua dan bentuk yang agak kental. Hasil penelitian uji aktivitas antijamur menunjukkan Formulasi shampo antiketombe ekstrak kulit buah jeruk purut dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 15% dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans dengan respon zona hambat (Kuat-sangat kuat). Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, disimpulkan bahwa shampo antiketombe ekstrak kulit buah jeruk purut stabil secara fisika dan kimia untuk penujian organoleptis, Ph, viskositas dan efektif sebagai antiketombe terhadap jamur Candida albicans.
EFEK PENAMBAHAN MOBILISASI SCAPULA PADA MOBILISASI END-RANGE TERHADAP PENDERITA FROZEN SHOULDER DI RUMAH SAKIT TADJUDDIN CHALID MAKASSAR
Authors: Sudaryanto Sudaryanto , Hermiati Hermiati
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Frozen shoulder atau capsulitis adhesive, adalah kondisi bahu yang ditandai dengan nyeri gerak yang hebat dan hilangnya gerakan aktif dan pasif shoulder, umumnya disebabkan oleh inflamasi dan kontraktur kapsul sendi shoulder sehingga menyebabkan keterbatasan gerak terutama eksorotasi shoulder. Metode : Penelitian ini adalah penelitian ekspirimen dengan desain randomized control group pre test-post test, bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas penambahan mobilisasi scapula pada mobilisasi end-range yang dikombinasikan dengan ultrasound therapy terhadap perubahan ROM dan disabilitas shoulder pada penderita frozen shoulder, dilaksanakan di Poli Fisioterapi RS. Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid Makassar dengan sampel sebanyak 14 orang, dibagi secara acak kedalam 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan yang diberikan Ultrasound Therapy, Mobilisasi End-range dan Mobilisasi Scapula, dan kelompok kontrol diberikan Ultrasound Therapy dan Mobilisasi End-range. Hasil: Berdasarkan analisis uji paired sample t pada kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol diperolah nilai p=0,000 (ROM eksorotasi, endorotasi dan SPADI) dan p=0,002 (abduksi) untuk kelompok perlakuan, nilai p=0,000 (ROM eksorotasi dan SPADI), p=0,002 (ROM abduksi), p=0,012 (ROM endorotasi) untuk kelompok kontrol, yang berarti ada pengaruh yang signifikan pada kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol terhadap peningkatan ROM Eksorotasi, Abduksi dan Endorotasi serta perbaikan disabilitas shoulder. Hasil uji independent sampel t  diperoleh nilai p=0,782 (ROM eksorotasi), p=0,918 (ROM abduksi), p=0,049 (ROM endorotasi), p=0,061 (SPADI) yang berarti bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedua kelompok sampel. Kesimpulan : Kombinasi Ultrasound, Mobilisasi End-range dan Mobilisasi scapula tidak lebih efektif daripada kombinasi Ultrasound dan Mobilisasi End-range terhadap perubahan ROM (Eksorotasi, Abduksi, Endorotasi) dan disabilitas shoulder pada penderita Frozen Shulder. Kata Kunci : Mobilisasi End-range, Mobilisasi Scapula, Ultrasound Therapy, Frozen Shoulder. Range Of Motion, Disabilitas