bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Results of various somatic mutations detection in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kuzmina E. A. , Chelysheva E. Yu. , Biderman B. V. , Shukhov O. A. , Stepanova E. A. , Gadzhieva E. P. , Petrova A. N. , Nemchenko I. S. , Bykova A. S. , Guryanova M. A. , Kokhno A. V. , Turkina A. G. , Sudarikov A. B.
Published: December 2024

Background. Somatic mutations in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients are considered as possible factors for the failure of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy, and the study of their characteristics is of interest.

Aim. To evaluate the genetic profile of blood cells in CML patients using nextgeneration sequencing.

Materials and methods. Retrospective study was conducted in two groups of patients: group 1 with TKI therapy failure (n = 29) and group 2 with optimal response to TKI therapy (n = 29). The target panel for nextgeneration sequencing included 19 genes: ASXL1, DNMT3A, FLT3, IDH1, IDH2, NPM1, RUNX1, SF3B1, SRSF2, TET2, TP53, U2AF2, KIT, WT1, CEBPA, ZRSR2, JAK2, GATA2, ABL1. In order to assess clonal evolution, additional samples were examined at a retrospective point in time closest to the primary CML diagnosis.

Results. In group 1, mutations in 8 genes (including ABL1) were identified in 19/29 (66 %) patients. Excluding ABL1, mutations were identified in 15 (52 %) patients. In 9 (31 %) patients, >1 mutation (2 to 4) was detected. Frequency of genes mutations in group 1: ABL1 in 11 (38 %) patients, ASXL1 in 9 (31 %) patients, DNMT3A in 3 (10 %) patients, RUNX1, CEBPA in 2 patients (7 %), WT1, NPM1, TET2 in 1 patient (3.5 %). In 7 (24 %) patients there was a combination of mutations in ABL1 gene and in another gene; the most frequent combination of mutations in genes: ABL1 + ASXL1 – in 4 patients (14 %). The dynamics of mutant clones in group 1 was evaluated in 21/29 (72 %) patients. In 10/21 (48 %) patients somatic mutations in genes appeared during CML treatment, in 14/21 (67 %) patients previously detected mutations persisted, in 1 (5 %) the mutation disappeared. In group 2, somatic mutations were detected in 2/29 (7 %) patients: in DNMT3A (ariant Allele Frequency (AF) 5 %) and TP53 (AF 9 %) genes – these mutations were not detected at the diagnosis of CML. In one patient ASXL1 mutation (AF 5 %) was detected only at diagnosis, and was not detected subsequently with optimal response to therapy.

Conclusion. The presence of somatic gene mutations is associated with a resistant CML course: somatic mutations in genes other than ABL1 were more common in CML patients with TKI therapy failure than in those with optimal response: 52 % vs. 7 % (p ≤0.05). Mutations in ASXL1 (31 %) and DNMT3A (10 %) were the most frequently detected. The frequency of ABL1 and ASXL1 mutations combination amounted to 14 %. uring followup, somatic mutations predominantly persisted or appeared over time in CML patients with TKI therapy resistance.
Gender and age characteristics of JAK2 V617F mutation allelic burden and CALR and MPL driver mutations detection during primary examination of patients with suspected myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Olkhovskiy I. A. , Gorbenko A. S. , Stolyar M. A. , Bakhtina V. I. , Olkhovik T. I. , Martynova E. V. , Simonova O. S. , Nazhivin I. V. , Belkin D. N.
Published: December 2024

Background. Detection of a somatic mutation in the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) gene, along with mutations in the CALR and MPL genes, is one of the main criteria for diagnosing Ph-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MN). At the same time, the JAK2 617F mutation is often associated with agedependent clonal hematopoiesis of undetermined potential (CHI). As a rule, the indicator reflecting the number of blood cells transformed by mutation – the mutant allelic burden (MA) of JAK2 617F in CHI does not exceed 1–2 %, however, there is no clear boundary between the level of this indicator separating CHI and MN. The previously described “JAK2 paradox”, according to which JAK2 617F positive CHI predominates in men, and for women this mutation is more associated with MN, suggests a different attitude to the diagnostic value of MA between men and women. A separate issue concerns the detection of low MA levels in combination with other MN driver mutations.

Aim. To analyze the database of JAK2 617F mutation allelic burden quantitative assessment results and to identify CALR and MPL genes driver mutations in patients depending on their age and gender.

Materials and methods. Data from records on the age and gender of 6210 patients (3061 men and 3149 women) were analyzed, in whom the JAK2 gene 617F somatic mutation in a quantitative format and MPL and CALR genes mutations were simultaneously determined. Of these, mutations were identified in 1226 women and 826 men with symptoms of MN. Statistical analysis was performed using Excel spreadsheets and Statistica 10 package.

The results. The data obtained indicate that in women, compared to men, the frequency of the 617F mutation is higher in all age ranges. omen are also more likely to have mutations in the CALR and MPL genes. The gender and age dependence of identifying quantitative values of MA JAK2 617F differ significantly in the range of >1 and ˂ 1%. Also noteworthy is the fact of high detection (up to 17–27 %) of additional combined mutations in the CALR and MPL genes in patients with low MA JAK2 617F values.

Conclusion. The data support the gender “JAK2 paradox”, which suggests differential interpretation of test results in men and women. To more clearly assess the characteristics of the diagnostic value of MAN JAK2 617F low levels and its dependence on the gender and age of patients, controlled multicenter clinical studies using standardized diagnostic test systems are needed.
CURRENT CHALLENGES OF STRATEGIC TRADE CONTROL OF MILITARY AND DUAL-USE GOODS IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, IVANOV Serhii
Published: December 2024

Background. The problem of strategic trade control of military goods and dual-use goods is complex but not new. At the same time, it is worth noting the insufficiency of the scientific study of theoretical foundations and the determination of practical measures for effective strategic trade control of military and dual-use goods in Ukraine at the state level and in scientific institutions to avoid the spread of goods and technologies for non-peaceful purposes. Currently, the full-scale war on the part of the russian federation on the territory of Ukraine creates certain challenges of strategic trade control of goods of military purpose and dual use, which require consideration. The object of the study is the strategic control of military goods and dual-use goods in Ukraine. The purpose of the work is to study the strategic control of military goods and dual-purpose goods in Ukraine.

Methods. The article uses several general scientific methods, namely analysis and synthesis to reveal the essence of export control of goods and technologies for dual and military purposes. The analysis was also used to study scientific literary sources. The comparison method was also used to study the current challenges of strategic trade control of military goods and dual-use goods during military operations.

Results. Strategic trade control includes export control and is actively used in the international scientific and practical field. However, the concept of export control is enshrined in Ukrainian legislation. However, strategic trade control is a much broader concept. The terms of strategic trade control or export control and dual-use goods were characterized. The challenges of strategic trade control in Ukraine in the field of trade in military goods were investigated. Among the main ones, it is worth mentioning the challenges to the state's economic and information security related to the identification of dual-use goods, "weaknesses" in implementing sanctions against Russia, and improper identification examination. However, the Ukrainian government has simplified the procedure for importing some dual-purpose goods to ensure the required level of resistance and protection during hostilities. Appropriate recommendations were also made for improving the mechanism of strategic trade control in Ukraine.

Conclusions. Thus, in war conditions, the trade in military goods and technologies requires improvement and proper strategic trade control.
ANTI-CORRUPTION AS THE BASIS OF ENSURING NATIONAL SECURITY OF UKRAINE: SEPARATE ASPECTS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, KORCHAK Nataliia
Published: December 2024

Backgroun. Corruption is considered as a factor of threat to national security and legal order and constitutional values ​​in the country. Problems of combating corruption. According to the data of domestic sociological studies and the international index of perception of corruption (CRI), the current level of corruption in the state was investigated. The purpose of the article is due to the need to highlight innovative ways of improving the anti-corruption management model in the public sector and to present the best practices that were implemented in Ukraine and gave a significant result from the point of view of ensuring state security, in particular in the conditions of Russian aggression.

Methods. A combination was used of general scientific (dialectical, systemic analysis, abstraction and concretization) and special (expert assessments, analysis of sociological data, study of program legal acts, establishment of cause and effect relationships) methods that ensure the reliability of the results and conclusions of scientific development.

Results. It was found that corruption causes serious damage to the democratic structure of society and is one of the main threats to national security. The roots of corruption lie in the mechanism of exercising state power. The fight against corruption fills activities in the field of state (public) administration with new content. This study focuses on anti-corruption policy and anti-corruption strategy combined with civil control tools. The effectiveness of combating corruption depends on the quality of anti-corruption legislation, the functional capacity of anti-corruption institutions, the sustainable economic development of the country and the integrity of the behavior of public figures and the non-tolerance of corruption by the country's citizens.

Conclusions. The main corruption threats to state and national security as a whole are singled out and the essence of corruption threats to state security in socio-economic, national-cultural and informational aspects is revealed. It is substantiated that the effectiveness of countering corruption directly depends on the effectiveness of the anti-corruption strategy. Specific measures to improve the interaction between the state and civil society in the field of anti-corruption are proposed.
Socio-hygienic characteristics of the emotional state of Russian and foreign students
Authors: Polunin Valery S. , Rosenfeld Dmitry , Soltamakova Liana Soltamakovna , Polunina Natalja V. , Buslaeva Galina N.
Published: December 2024

Annotation. Studying at a higher educational institution involves the impact of a large number of stress factors that a student encounters during study, during communication with classmates and teachers, as well as when changing the usual environment at home and at school, and which contribute to the appearance of symptoms of an emotional state.
The purpose of the study is to identify the symptoms of an emotional state and develop measures to prevent their occurrence and manifestation.
Materials and methods: the survey of 273 Russian and 239 foreign students was analyzed. For statistical analysis, the average values and their errors, intensive and extensive indicators were calculated, the method of comparing relative values and determining the reliability of the difference was applied.
Results: It was revealed that foreign students were significantly more likely than Russian students to have adverse symptoms of an emotional state.
Conclusion: it is necessary to intensify individual and/or group sessions with a psychologist to neutralize the adverse symptoms of an emotional state.
Donaciones artísticas post mortem del clero urbano hispalense a finales del Antiguo Régimen
Authors: Regalado González-Serna Víctor Daniel
Published: December 2024

El análisis de mandas testamentarias referidas a obras de arte permite conocer mejor los procesos de donación de múltiples piezas artísticas a diferentes instituciones y terceras personas por parte del clero hispalense. Mediante vía de legado, el clero separaría de sus colecciones las principales obras ya fuera por su calidad o valor sentimental. Gracias a este trabajo podremos conocer el flujo de piezas artísticas e intereses en estas donaciones post mortem para el final del Antiguo Régimen. Así se complementan con esta investigación los estudios existentes sobre el coleccionismo de arte o la tenencia de obras en manos particulares mediante el estudio de inventarios de bienes.
Presentación No. 21
Authors: U. Libre Autor
Published: December 2024

En el presente número de Sin Fundamento, se presentan temas de profundo interés para los asiduos lectores de nuestra revista; esta vez, los temas compilados son diversos y obedecen a inquietudes muy particulares de nuestros invitados, circunscritos todos ellos a temas relacionados con la filosofía como el ámbito jurídico, la literatura, los derechos humanos, la sociología, la educación, política y democracia, entre otros aspectos. Arribamos al n.° 21 en el mismo formato de presentación que nos ha identificado desde su creación, y con el mismo nivel de participación de egresados, docentes y personal externo, además de la contribución internacional que nos caracteriza, esta vez con un texto inédito del doctor Félix Francisco Sánchez Díaz, “La teoría formal del derecho como primera etapa en el viaje de la teoría comunicacional del derecho”, una presentación que marca la ruta intelectual trazada por el doctor Gregorio Robles Morchón, a partir de una obra fundacional intitulada Introducción a la teoría del derecho (Madrid, Debate, 1988) hasta la aparición de una obra de madurez reflexiva como en efecto lo constituye la Teoría del derecho. Fundamentos de la teoría comunicacional del derecho. Volumen I. (Cizur Menor (Navarra), Civitas, Thomson-Reuters. Cuarta Edición, 2012).
¿De qué manera la logística influye en que las líneas de producción no se detengan?
Authors: Gómez Velasco Edgardo Marte
Published: December 2024

One of the main problems within a company is that the production lines stop due to lack of material, generating additional costs by covering with extra time the production that is lost, as well as the risk of not complying with the deliveries on time with the customer, which would cause the loss of the customer.
In this sense, the present research work has the intention of analyzing how logistics influences the production lines in a company so that they are not affected by lack of material. The methodological approach to be used will be qualitative and descriptive since grounded theory is used as the basis of the object of study.
Undoubtedly, logistics plays an important role within business organizations, since it ensures that production lines always have the raw material available to avoid problems arising from lack of material. In addition, it can be added that logistics can reduce operating costs due to lack of material, as well as ensure that the customer receives the final product on time and with the required quality.
El ejercicio jurídico de la mujer en un campus universitario privado de Cúcuta: límites en la desigualdad y la violencia de género
Authors: Torrado Vergel Yefri Yoel , Chacón Bermúdez Gabriela Oriana , Contreras Mora Edward Daniel
Published: December 2024

This article is the result of research that aimed to describe the legal practice of women in a private university in Cúcuta. This entailed establishing the current legal status of women in Colombia, examining gender relations in the private university environment, and conceptualizing gender inequality and violence. It was concluded that the legal exercise of women in the academic context is limited and violated by the same hegemonic and historical structures of male power, translated into inequalities and gender violence (especially sexual). Therefore, it is necessary to establish and make effective a protocol that addresses this type of violations in higher education institutions that make women's rights prevail over institutional normalization and silence in the face of these phenomena.
Injusticia Epistémica en el contexto de la salud: cuestionando la exclusión del conocimiento situado
Authors: Becerra Castro Jenny Paola
Published: December 2024

For more than a century, Western medicine has opted for a doctor-patient relationship in which the patient is conceived as a passive subject who barely participates in the understanding and explanatory ideas of the health disorders that afflict him. This article presents how the tradition of vertical science and clinical practice can violate, invalidate and distort the representation of patients, especially prone to prejudice and discrimination. This discussion gives rise to the phenomena of injustice and epistemic violence and is examined through a specific case: the biomedical / psychiatric model of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) showing what consequences there may be if the medical interpretation it rejects the testimony that comes from the situated knowledge of the patient. Finally, the importance and epistemic advantages of situated knowledge are explained to offer an alternative for change based on science and participatory medicine that allows reducing epistemic injustice in clinical, academic and governmental practice, through the inclusion of embodied knowledge and profane knowledge.
Aplicación del enfoque de género en las Sentencias de restitución de tierras en Norte de Santander
Authors: Osorio Sánchez Eduardo Gabriel , Hernández Granados Liany Yetzira , Gamboa Suárez Audin Aloiso
Published: December 2024

The application of the gender approach is analyzed in the favorable sentences issued by the Specialized Judges in Land Restitution of Cúcuta, on properties located in the territorial jurisdiction of Norte de Santander (Colombia), since the entry into force of Law 1448 (2011). ) until the second semester of 2019. A qualitative methodology, hermeneutical - inductive method, resorting to discourse analysis was used. Within the categories of analysis, the differentiated affectation of women, the probative assessment and the orders issued in relation to the application of the gender approach were examined within the sentences. Among the main findings, it was evidenced that women suffer risks and vulnerabilities in a differentiated way and advances in the interpretation and application of national and international regulations by Judges.
Análisis jurídico y económico de las Zonas Económicas “Social Especial” en Colombia
Authors: Ramírez Zambrano Jorge Raúl , Luna Pereira Henry Orlando
Published: December 2024

This article aims to carry out a legal and economic analysis of the Special Social Economic Zones, in order to determine the scope and implications of tax incentives on employment and unemployment in the Special Social Economic Zone in Norte de Santander (Colombia ), a mixed theoretical approach and a qualitative methodology are used, which are developed through a documentary and content interpretation in which secondary sources were used to make estimates for Norte de Santander and for Cúcuta and the Metropolitan Area. As conclusions, it is shown that tax incentives can have long-term labor effects, therefore such measures must be combined with investments and improvements in science and technology, human capital, security and infrastructure.
La memoria en los procesos de justicia transicional: un ejercicio de comprensión desde Paul Ricœur
Authors: Peña Cuervo Juan José
Published: December 2024

This research article aims to determine how Ricœur's (2000) theory of just memory can be formulated as the basis for an interpretative approach to the use and abuse of memory by individuals and society in transitional justice processes. It is argued that the distinction between remembrance, memorialization and commemoration is important, as it leads to the identification of the content of the duty of memory in the face of atrocious events that occurred in the past. Regarding the methodology used, qualitative research is proposed with hermeneutic tools coming from this French thinker, since it seeks to understand the interactions between the concept of memory and transitional justice. It is concluded that the individual and collective dimensions of memory proposed by Ricœur (2000) can have a point of articulation through the approaches of Locke's civil law (1999) and the ideas proposed by Strawson (1959) and Schutz (1962), this is to support memory as a relevant element in the transition processes.
Construcción de sentido e interpretación evolutiva aplicada a la praxis legal y constitucional
Authors: Castro Herrera Leonel Esteban , Maiguel Donado Camilo Andrés , Barrios Márquez Elías Jacob , Jaraba Salcedo Ana Sofía
Published: December 2024

From the development that the philosophy of law has had in the Western world, interpretation and argumentation have been conceived as fundamental components of Western philosophical practice. In particular, for the world of Law, various theories have been delimited around how the norm should be interpreted and, in general, about the use of words within a science and/or discipline that revolves around the use of language. , as is the Law. To that extent, it is the fundamental purpose of this article to clearly show the hermeneutic functioning of interpretation, unpacking its typology, its nuances, study paradigms and practical consequences. To achieve the proposed objectives, the research carried out an analysis about the legal birth of a new paradigm of historical evolution and the evolutionary interpretation of the transmutation of the system. For the methodological development of the research, the critical hermeneutic paradigm was based on a legal and historical study of the subject. As a result, it built a necessary framework to obtain a syncretic theory on the adequate interpretation paradigm for Law in the context of a globalized world. In that, through this article it is concluded that the evolutionary interpretation —making special use of the institutions of legal sociology— managed to build a paradigm of legal interpretation suitable for the context of twenty-first century law. This thesis encompasses many other ideas that, in turn, were violated by previous paradigms such as the legal and constitutional, hence the necessary utility is obtained for the correct interpretation of the norm on a par with a society that —currently— it coexists in a different way with the Law compared to previous centuries.
La responsabilidad del Estado por las promesas no cumplidas: ¿legalidad, confianza legítima, buena fe? Análisis desde el derecho administrativo francés y apuntes desde la experiencia colombiana
Authors: Aguilera Martín Mario Alejandro
Published: December 2024

The regime for France's state liability for the administration's unfulfilled promises got consolidated in the middle of the last century. The administration is not allowed to make promises; these are considered irregular functioning administrative practices, mainly because of their incompatibility with the principle of non-disposability of competences, according to which, any authority vested with a competence must exercise it itself unless otherwise stated; thus, the administration cannot compromise its future action and discretional power to fulfil specific addressee results or benefits. In Colombia, this regime does not exist. However, in certain situations, the administration urges or pressure individuals to perform services without a formal contract, violating the contractual regulation, on the promise or assurance of a future formal contract.
 
This research addresses from a comparative law perspective the regime of unfulfilled promises in France, and similar cases of “promises” in Colombia. An analysis based on doctrine and jurisprudence, focusing especially on the legal bases used to establish the State’s liability. In France, such actions, may nevertheless give origin to the State's liability for 'service failure' [falla del servicio] in two cases when the administration does not honor its promises. Those two cases are when the promise is contrary to the law, and when the Administration decides not to fulfil the promise, breaching the legitimate expectations from the addressee, despite being able to do. In Colombia, until 2012, when the administration did not comply with the promise, the administrative judge protected the individual's good faith by recognizing unjust enrichment. Despite this, nowadays the priority is the protection of legality. Thus, the main objective of the investigation is to analyze the legal bases used in the two legal systems vis-à-vis this type of situation, concluding that they have been based, from different perspectives, on legality, legitimate expectations and good faith.
Fundamentos políticos y constitucionales de las “acciones a propio riesgo” como eximente general de responsabilidad jurídica.
Authors: Peláez Mejía José María , Quintero Jaimes Rosa Angélica
Published: December 2024

Through this research, it is sought to achieve two main objectives: (1) to provide the necessary political and legal-constitutional foundations, based on the model of Social and Democratic State of Law, of the so-called “actions at own risk” as a general defense of responsibility legal, with respect to that person who collaborates with the victim, at his request, in the execution of a risky activity, when said event ends in a fatal outcome or highly damaging to his legal assets and (2) derives from the previous political and obtained constitutional rules, the configuration rules for the application of said exemption of legal responsibility. In this way, in order to achieve the above, the method of discourse analysis will be used as scientific research methods, in the first place, in order to achieve a reconstruction of the philosophical foundations of political justice on which we will base ourselves; then, the deductive one to infer from such foundations the configurative rules of the actions at own risk and, finally, the legal dogmatics with the purpose of systematizing the rules obtained previously. This will allow to conclude in an original way that it is illegitimate at the political level and incompatible at the constitutional level to hold legally responsible everyone who participates with the victim in the execution of an action at their own risk because it is precisely the collaboration of a person in the exercise effective of a series of political rights made positive and, consequently, allowed, regardless of the guarantee position held by the collaborator with respect to the victim.
Debates y reflexión: actividades pedagógicas que dinamizan el proceso de aprendizaje comprensivo del concepto contabilidad
Authors: Hincapié Mejía Juan Pablo
Published: December 2024

The aim pursued by this document is to analyze the pedagogical influence that debate and reflection activities have on the comprehensive learning process of the accounting concept, in the students of the accounting theory seminar subject of the public accounting program of the Universidad del Valle Palmira headquarters. The methodology followed in the research is exploratory and descriptive, its approach is mixed and relies on deductive, analytical and synthetic methods, as well as content and discourse analysis techniques. The study population includes the group of students enrolled in the Accounting Theory Seminar during the second semester of 2015. It is concluded that the activities of public debate, collective construction and reflection activities, enhance, on the one hand, the process of comprehensive learning of the students that allow to apprehend the conceptual bases that cross and strengthen the knowledge of accounting, and, on the other hand, make it possible to redimension the ways in which the students position their knowledge and reconfigure their mental structures.
Estrategias para lograr entornos colaborativos e innovadores encaminados hacia el fomento de mercados agroindustriales
Authors: Sánchez Tróchez Diana Ximena , Potes Ordoñez Laura Beatriz , Rivera Paja María del Mar
Published: December 2024

The agricultural sector is one of the potential pillars of the Colombian economy that is strengthened from the interest of the public and private sectors for the development of actions aimed at transforming the countryside, increasing the well-being of peasant families and their family nucleus, dedicated to their majority to the production and transformation of products in the region. However, there are pronounced gaps that do not allow the progress of innovation ecosystems towards the promotion of agro-industry. The objective of this article is to analyze the type of strategies that must be deployed to achieve collaborative and innovative environments aimed at promoting agro-industrial markets that contribute to territorial competitiveness. For this, a qualitative, descriptive investigation was carried out directed at 40 small producers and 21 peasant associations in charge of guiding productive units located in the municipality of Timbio in the department of Cauca, Colombia, an eminently agricultural region. As a data collection technique, a semi-structured questionnaire was used, as well as the realization of four peasant markets and an agro-business fair, allowing the use of observation and diagnostic tools for research, data also processed by the Atlas.ti software. The results expose the contributions for the development of innovation ecosystems from four operating guidelines: a) The formulation of a competitive strategy, b) the promotion of fair trade and c) the promotion of networking, useful indications for public entities and private companies in charge of carrying out support processes for the sector, as well as for agricultural associations that lead the strengthening of the peasant community, becoming a benchmark for the strategic direction of the rural business fabric, being extrapolated to other sectors with similar characteristics.
La educación sentimental alternativa para la promoción de derechos humanos
Authors: Lázaro Quintero Manuel Andrés
Published: December 2024

The following article deals with the constitutive elements of sentimental education present in the work of the Spanish philosopher Julián Marías Aguilera. Starting from the sentimental dimension of the person and its narrative character, the reflection focuses on three categories of analysis, namely: the strengthening of the founding story of human rights, the source character of human life and the recreation of reality through literature and film. The research was developed using a bibliographic method with a qualitative approach. Finally, the conclusions aim to inform the potential educator for human rights about the elements of sentimental education.
Funcionamiento de las garantías mobiliarias sobre bienes incorporales para la financiación de microempresas
Authors: Guerrero Tenganan Rolando Victor , Vallejo Enríquez Carlos Alberto
Published: December 2024

The research article investigates the operation of the legal concept of movable security over intangible assets for the financing of microenterprise credits in the banking system from the issuance of Law 1676 of 2013. The degree of use is determined in the investigation. and effectiveness of the legal concept of movable security in the municipality of Pasto, department of Nariño, by microentrepreneurs and the financial sector on intangible assets for credit financing. In the investigative process, a quantitative-qualitative or mixed paradigm is taken, a hermeneutic historical approach, a level of depth of a comprehensive nature and the use of primary sources of information, secondary sources of information and quantitative and qualitative analysis tools of data, especially those derived from a process of interviews, surveys and tracking of databases of the Colombian Confederation of Chambers of Commerce, the Superintendence of Industry and Commerce and the Chamber of Commerce of Pasto. The study concludes that there is little knowledge on the part of the business sector regarding the existence of the figure of movable guarantees and its advantages compared to the strengthening of productive projects in the region.
The study suggests the implementation of government measures and public policy actions that allow the microenterprise sector to access financial and banking credit with reasonable interest rates supported by movable guarantees backed by intangible assets.
“Paz total” en Colombia. Retos y perspectivas desde la justicia como equidad y la democrática deliberativa republicana
Authors: Vélez Cárdenas Juan David Salvador
Published: December 2024

In Colombia there is a need to create institutions and public policies to solve the problems surrounding land tenure and the different injustices due to lack of recognition, redistribution and political representation, which have been the genesis of the internal armed conflict. The article presents research on the theoretical approach to some conflicts around land tenure in Colombia as one of the main causes of war in the country, issues that must be solved to achieve "total peace" through a dialectical critical hermeneutic method and deductive hypothetical. As a hypothesis, it is argued that deliberative, contestatory and social democracy together with a model of justice as equity provide elements to solve the problem of the concentration of land prevailing in the reality of the Colombian countryside, for which reason the construction of a comprehensive public policy of Peace must be achieved through the democratization of land tenure, to improve the lives of peasant communities and original, indigenous and Afro-descendant peoples so that there are decent living conditions, guarantees of human rights and a stable and lasting peace can be achieved .
Recursos genéticos y recursos biológicos: una aproximación jurídica desde su rol en la biodiversidad como un interés tutelado
Authors: Vargas-Chaves Iván
Published: December 2024

The paper analyzes the conceptual and regulatory frameworks for genetic and biological resources, as well as the State's responsibility for protecting biodiversity. Through a combined conceptual and legal approach, the author examines both types of resources and presents a comprehensive study on the appropriation of associated knowledge and derived products. The analysis focuses on the contract for access to genetic resources as an environmental management tool. Employing a systematic documentary analysis methodology, the paper interprets specific regulations (internal, supranational, and international) and relevant technical information.
 
This results in a comprehensive legal context for the appropriation of biological resources, associated knowledge, and products derived from genetic resources. The author concludes that challenges remain, including the ratification of the 2010 Nagoya Protocol and the need for improved capabilities, personnel, and infrastructure for resource management. Nevertheless, the contract for access to genetic resources offers a promising mechanism for contributing to effective global biodiversity conservation.
Los Moot Court, una estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza del derecho
Authors: Téllez-Navarro Román Francisco , Pineda-Ríos Leidy Johana
Published: December 2024

This article presents an overview of the most used methodologies in the teaching of law, such as the master class and casuistry or case studies. A review of these two methodologies will be presented, pointing out their benefits and also their weaknesses. It will end with a proposal for a didactic methodology for teaching law, which comes from the Moot Court, explaining what it is about, how it can be applied in theoretical and practical subjects, as well as its advantages and weaknesses. For this last part, the visions of different teachers will be counted, who not only participated as students but also as tutors, judges and creators of these contests. Emphasis will be placed on the Moot Courts that take place in Colombia, as an expression of the methodological innovation of some Higher Education centers such as the Universidad Nueva Granada and the Universidad Libre de Colombia.
Determinantes clínicos asociados a la Estancia Hospitalaria Prolongada de pacientes hospitalizados con mieloma múltiple
Authors: Guerra Angel Roger Javier , Becerra Caicedo Katherine , Luna Murillo Vanessa
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Multiple myeloma is a hematologic cancer associated with low incidence, but high rates of illness and substantial hospital burden for health systems; the importance of identifying factors that may be predictors of prolonged length of stay (LOS) is vital for resource planning, decision-making, and improvement of clinical management in cancer.
Objective: To estimate the clinical determinants that predict prolonged length of stay in hospital admissions of patients with multiple myeloma.
Methods: Analytical observational study of cases and controls, which included patients with Multiple Myeloma hospitalized between 2017 to 2021. Admissions with LOS longer than 14 days (referring to NIH, USA) were identified cases and LOS lower were identified controls. Nominal and categorical descriptive statistics were performed with a multivariate analysis using logistic regression to estimate predictive clinical determinants of prolonged LOS and sensitivity analysis with ROC curve.
Results: Were included 391 hospital admissions with 150 cases and 241 controls, corresponding to 223 patients. Infections (OR: 1.74; IC:1.12-2.71), hydroelectrolytic and metabolic disorders (OR: 2.1; IC: 1.28-3.45), nutritional deficiencies (OR: 2.7; CI: 1.6-4.8), and psychiatric disorders (OR: 20.5; CI: 1.14-3.69) were presented as predictive risk factors for prolonged LOS in hospitalized patients with multiple myeloma.
Conclusion: Infections hydro-electrolyte imbalance, metabolic disorders, nutritional deficiencies and psychiatric disorders were the factors related to prolonged hospital stay.
A INTEGRAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E A PRODUÇÃO SUSTENTÁVEL DE TERMOPLÁSTICOS VULCANIZADOS A PARTIR DE RESÍDUOS DE PNEUS
Authors: Gonçalves Flávia Mayara , Machado Alex Ramos , Sirqueira Alex da Silva
Published: December 2024

Este estudo aborda a utilização sustentável de resíduos sólidos, com adição de pó de pneu no Polietileno para produzir Termoplásticos Vulcanizados (TPVs). A técnica de compatibilização não reativa mostrou melhorias no módulo elástico do PEBD. As amostras compatibilizadas com EVA apresentaram menor variação no envelhecimento, e maior resistência ao impacto quando combinadas com SBR. Os resultados mostram a influência da massa molar no escoamento dos polímeros. O estudo contribui para o desenvolvimento de TPVs sustentáveis e melhoria nas propriedades físico-mecânicas. A iniciação científica em TPV proporcionou aos alunos habilidades investigativas e científicas, preparando-os para enfrentar desafios no separador mercado de trabalho
ASSOCIAÇÕES DE CATADORES DE MATERIAIS RECICLÁVEIS
Authors: Da Silva Rafael Mozart
Published: December 2024

A reciclagem é uma estratégia fundamental na gestão de resíduos sólidos, que, entre outros benefícios, proporciona a redução da poluição, ajuda a preservar os recursos naturais, reduz a quantidade de resíduos destinados aos aterros, possibilita a inserção de catadores de materiais recicláveis no mercado de trabalho. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivos, demonstrar as práticas de reciclagem desenvolvidas por um grupo de associações de catadores,  identificar os principais materiais reciclados e discutir os desafios e oportunidades para potencializar as atividades desenvolvidas pelos catadores de materiais recicláveis. Como resultado da pesquisa identificou-se a realização de um trabalho árduo, pois uma elevada parcela dos materiais coletados ainda se encontravam misturados e contaminados, o que acabava prejudicando e muito o processo de triagem e reciclagem. Observou-se também a falta de infraestrutura e equipamentos para realizar a reciclagem dos materiais. Constatou-se a necessidade de um maior reconhecimento e valorização dos catadores e catadoras de materiais recicláveis. O fomento e a criação de políticas públicas que possibilitem as práticas adequadas relacionadas a destinação de resíduos são urgentes e determinantes para um mundo mais sustentável, e as associações de reciclagem devem ser reconhecidas como agentes que desempenham um papel fundamental na coleta, seleção e destinação dos resíduos. Nesse sentido, torna-se oportuno a organização desses empreendimentos. Contudo, percebe-se também como contribuição desta pesquisa, os resultados do trabalho, os quais poderão ser utilizados como hipóteses para novas observações e aplicações que se têm acerca das atividades de reciclagem no Brasil
ANÁLISE DA VARIAÇÃO DO CUSTO DE UM PROJETO HIDRÁULICO DE ÁGUA FRIA
Authors: Trota Filho Jorge , Vieira Mendes Lorranny
Published: December 2024

Atualmente existe uma variabilidade de empreendimentos de grande porte, onde os projetos de instalação hidráulica de água fria ganham cada vez mais importância, pois garantir o fornecimento de água e a sua potabilidade ao longo do tempo é um desafio para projetistas e engenheiros. Além disso, diante da grande variedade de materiais e métodos para execução de projetos hidráulicos existe a necessidade de se avaliar os impactos no custo das instalações, chegando assim em uma metodologia para se avaliar a melhor razão custo-benefício. Os métodos utilizados para o dimensionamento de uma instalação de água fria para uma edificação com pico de consumo são Método do Consumo Máximo Possível e Método das Seções Equivalentes. O artigo se debruçará no estudo e na comparabilidade entre os referidos métodos
Enhancing Academic Achievement and Critical Thinking through e-Learning: Exploring Motivation, Creativity, Participation, and Gadget Utilization in Higher Education
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia, Wagino Wagino
Published: December 2024

The development of information technology has changed the world of education, including the application of elearning in universities. This study explores how e-learning can improve the academic achievement and critical thinking skills of automotive engineering students who rely on gadgets. Using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS‒ SEM) method on data collected through purposive sampling, this study analyzed verbal communication, motivation, creativity, learner interaction with content, gadget use intensity, peer collaborative engagement, academic achievement, and critical thinking. The results showed that verbal communication and learner interaction with content significantly increased motivation and creativity, while excessive gadget use intensity had a negative impact. The indirect effect of learner interaction with content on academic achievement through motivation showed a P-coefficient of 0.027. In contrast, the impact of verbal communication on academic achievement through motivation showed a P-coefficient of 0.014. These findings emphasize the importance of a holistic approach in designing e-learning programs that support verbal communication, active participation, and balanced use of gadgets to improve education quality. Educational institutions are advised to develop effective e-learning programs and explore other factors, such as educational access, that affect learning outcomes in e-learning.
Los inicios de la vacunación por BCG en el interior de la Argentina. Introducción, producción y estandarización, 1935-1941
Authors: Carbonetti Adrián
Published: December 2024

Entre las décadas de 1930 y 1940, varias vacunas fueron discutidas y probadas en Argentina para combatir la tuberculosis. Sin embargo, sólo una fue legitimada por una parte de la medicina criolla: la BCG (Bacilo Calmette Guérin), creada en el Instituto Pasteur de Francia. Esta vacuna fue introducida en Argentina por el veterinario Andrés Arena en 1925, y desde ese momento hasta la década de 1940 fue elaborada por tres instituciones: el Laboratorio Bacteriológico de la Plata, el Laboratorio Bacteriológico Nacional y el Instituto de Tisiología de Córdoba. Nos interesa analizar su introducción, puesta en producción, distribución y estandarización en esta última institución, conjuntamente con un entramado de organismos nacionales, provinciales y municipales ubicados en la ciudad de Córdoba, entre 1935 y 1941. La metodología del trabajo es de carácter cualicuantitativo, con base en documentación universitaria, provincial y artículos y tesis médicas.
Entorno positivo para los cuidados paliativos en Colombia 2025: Plan de Acción 2022-2025, Nodo Orinoquía
Authors: Sánchez-Cárdenas Miguel Antonio , León Delgado Marta Ximena , Cañon Piñeros Angela María , Rodríguez-Campos Luisa Fernanda , Vargas-Escobar Lina María
Published: December 2024

Este documento contiene el plan de acción para mejorar la actividad de cuidados paliativos en Colombia del nodo Orinoquía. Se ha estructurado siguiendo el modelo de evaluación propuesto por el Observatorio Colombiano de Cuidados Paliativos. Para cada uno de los objetivos estratégicos se plantean barreras, recursos y capacidades los cuales proceden del reporte técnico del Observatorio que acompaña este documento. El documento presenta una metodología mediante la cual durante la sesión se le pedirá al stakehorder de la región Orinoquía que califique la factibilidad de las acciones propuestas y que discuta la prioridad de las acciones y los facilitadores estratégicos señalados (responsables de conducir la acción propuesta).
Propiedades psicométricas de la escala de ideación suicida de Paykel en madres adolescentes colombianas
Authors: Alvarez-Merlano Nicolás , Dickson-Taborda Valentina
Published: December 2024

Introducción: la relación entre la ideación suicida y diversos aspectos de la salud mental ha sido investigada en contextos académicos y laborales. Sin embargo, existe una carencia significativa en el análisis de las propiedades psicométricas de escalas utilizadas para su medición en población colombiana, como es el caso del cuestionario de ideación suicida de Paykel, PSS por sus siglas en inglés. Objetivo: determinar las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de ideación suicida de Paykel y verificar que la estructura de los datos observados corresponde con la estructura factorial teórica. Materiales y métodos: estudio realizado en Cartagena de Indias, Colombia en 2023. Diseño instrumental descriptivo de corte transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 119 madres adolescentes adscritas a una fundación, quienes respondieron voluntariamente la escala de ideación suicida de Paykel. Se estimó la normalidad. Las propiedades psicométricas incluyeron consistencia interna y validez de constructo mediante el análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. El análisis estadístico se ejecutó con estadística descriptiva multivariada; coeficiente de alfa y omega de McDonald’s ordinal tetracórico. Resultados: edad promedio: 19,26 años. PSS: Media global: 1,39 desviación estándar = 0,91. El análisis factorial exploratorio sustento la validez de constructo mediante un factor que explicó el 76,45 % de la varianza, mientras que el factorial confirmatorio ratificó dicha validez mediante indicadores de ajuste satisfactorios: X2: 9,492; gl: 5; X2/gl: 1,98; RMSEA: 0,08; IC 95%: 0,00-0,20; TLI: 0,97; CFI: 0,99; GFI: 0,99; AGFI: 0,99; SRMR: 0,07. La consistencia interna fue satisfactoria: 0,92 IC 95 %: 0,70-0,99. Conclusiones: la escala de ideación suicida de Paykel es un instrumento de utilidad con adecuada consistencia interna y validez de constructo en esta muestra. Estos hallazgos proveen indicadores que viabilizan la investigación de la ideación suicida con este instrumento y motiva a construir hipótesis investigativas que permitan ajustar su desempeño y generalizar los resultados de estas mediciones.