bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF ENTEROCOCCI ISOLATED FROM DAIRY PRODUCTS
Authors: Zelena Liubov , Tkachuk Nataliia , Okhmat Olena , Nevmyvaka Sabrina
Published: January 2023

Purpose of the work. To evaluate the number of enterococci in the dairy products of industrial manufacturing.
Methodology. Molecular-genetic methods were used to analyze enterococci in milk, kefir and sour cream samples. Metagenomic DNA was isolated from each product and used for amplification. PCR with specific primers to Enterococcus genus was carried out to amplify specific genome region and to detect enterococci in dairy products. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) with SYBR Green dye solution was performed to enumerate Enterococcus bacteria presented in three milk products. The melting curve analysis was used to define the specificity of amplification. The genome-equivalent values of enterococci in milk, kefir and sour cream were calculated using the standard curve analysis.
Scientific novelty. In the present research the quantitative analysis of enterococci in the three milk products of industrial manufacturing was conducted using metagenomic DNA and qPCR-analysis. There were no significant differences of enterococci number between dairy products.
Conclusions. The development of molecular-genetic methods and approaches gives a possibility to estimate the number of enterococci in dairy products by culture-independent way. The results suggested that similar amount of enterococci in all three dairy products can be due to their industrial production and using the same preservation agents. Although the genotyping and species identification of Enterococcus should be performed in the next researches.
The fermented milk products have an important and in general beneficial effect on human health. Despite qualitative and quantitative variability of microorganisms comprising the composition in milk products, lactic acid bacteria represent the most numerous group. The ambiguous features characterize bacteria belonging to Enterococcus genus: they contribute to the specific flavor and taste of dairy products and can be used as a probiotic and adjunct starters but, at the same time, they can be the source of virulence factors and be an indicator of poor hygienic conditions during production. Thus, it is important to perform quantitative analysis and control of enterococci in dairy products.
ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OBTAINED FROM LEAVES OF SOME PLANTS BELONGING TO THE SANSEVIERIA THUNB. GENUS AGAINST ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII STRAIN
Authors: Tkachenko Halyna , Buyun Lyudmyla , Kurhaluk Natalia , Maryniuk Myroslava
Published: January 2023

Purpose: In study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the antibacterial activity of seventeen plants belonging to the Sansevieria genus against Acinetobacter baumannii complex isolate, resistant to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin (specimen 3680, UK NEQAS). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial capacity and to validate scientifically the inhibitory activity of some plants belonging to the Sansevieria genus for microbial growth attributed to their popular use and to propose new sources of antimicrobial agents.
Methodology. The leaves of Sansevieria plants, cultivated under glasshouse conditions, were sampled at M.M. Gryshko National Botanic Garden (NBG), National Academy of Science of Ukraine. Specifically, the leaves of Sansevieria francisii Chahin, S. caulescens N.E.Br., S. suffruticosa N.E.Br., S. roxburghiana Schult. & Schult.f., S. metallica Gérôme & Labroy, S. gracilis N.E.Br., S. hyacinthoides (L.) Druce, S. cylindrica Bojer ex Hook., S. canaliculata Carrière, S. aethiopica Thunb., S. kirkii Baker, S. trifasciata Prain, S. forskaliana (Schult. & Schult.f.) Hepper & J.R.I. Wood, S. fischeri (Baker) Marais, S. dooneri N.E.Br., S. intermedia N.E.Br., S. parva N.E.Br. were sampled for the study. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the agar disk diffusion technique.
Scientific novelty. Results proved that extracts obtained from the leaves of S. dooneri and S. gracilis were particularly active against Acinetobacter baumannii complex isolate (diameters of inhibition zones were 14-20.5 mm). It was followed by the activities of extracts from the S. suffriticosa (15.4 ± 1.11 mm), S. fischeri (14.7 ± 1.1 mm), S. parva (14.2 ± 1.1 mm), S. canaliculate (13.8 ± 1.18 mm), S. trifasciata leaves (13.7 ± 1.3 mm). Finally, the ethanolic extracts of S. hyacinthoides and S. intermedia showed fewer antimicrobial activities (diameters of inhibition zones ranged between 7.5 to 10 mm).
Conclusions. Hence, the ethanolic extracts derived from S. dooneri and S. gracilis exhibit a favorable antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii, indicating that these plants could be a good source of antibacterial agents to combat A. baumannii-mediated infections. Thus, the leaves of some plants belonging to the Sansevieria genus with antibacterial properties may offer alternative therapeutic agents against bacterial infections.
LIPID PEROXIDATION IN THE BLOOD OF MALES AND FEMALES WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2
Authors: Kurhaluk Natalia , Tota Krzysztof , Dubik-Tota Małgorzata , Tkachenko Halyna
Published: January 2023

Individuals with diabetes have a four-fold risk of developing coronary heart disease than those without diabetes. Dyslipidemia and hypertension associated with diabetes are additional risk factors for heart attack and myocardial infarctions. Oxidative stress induces many chronic diseases, especially diabetes and heart disease.
Purpose: determination of lipid peroxidation markers in males and females with type 2 diabetes, individuals who have had myocardial infarctions, and individuals with type 2 diabetes and myocardial infarctions compared with healthy individuals.
Methodology. The criteria for inclusion in the study were individuals with type 2 diabetes with a duration of at least 10 years, individuals with type 2 diabetes who had at least two myocardial infarcts, and healthy individuals (the control group of different genders), aged 35-71. In the obtained plasma, the level of lipid peroxidation (concentration of 2-thiobarbituric acid reacting substances) was assessed.
Scientific novelty. Our study showed a significant increase in lipid peroxidation biomarker levels in all subjects compared to the control group. Males had a higher level of lipid peroxidation compared to females, indicating that men with type 2 diabetes and/or myocardial infarctions were more exposed to the harmful effects of oxidative stress. An increase in lipid peroxidation markers in the plasma of individuals with myocardial infarctions and diabetes compared to healthy individuals was observed. This may indicate the key importance of oxidative stress in the pathology of diabetes and myocardial infarctions. Analysis of multifactorial variance among a group with type 2 diabetes and myocardial infarction has shown the increase in the level of lipid peroxidation markers is influenced by the male gender.
Conclusions. Increased plasma level of oxidative stress biomarkers was observed in both groups with myocardial infarctions and type 2 diabetes, as well as with diabetes and myocardial infarctions compared to the control group. In addition, a greater increase in lipid peroxidation in males compared to the female group was observed. The results obtained are another step in understanding the metabolic alterations in diabetes and myocardial infarction.
LEVEL OF ALDEHYDIC AND KETONIC DERIVATIVES OF OXIDATIVELY MODIFIED PROTEINS IN THE BLOOD OF MEN AND WOMEN WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTIONS AND HYPOTHYROIDISM
Authors: Kurhaluk Natalia , Tota Krzysztof , Dubik-Tota Małgorzata , Tkachenko Halyna
Published: January 2023

Oxidative stress and excessive reactive oxygen species production play considerable roles in infarction-induced injury impairing cardiac functions, as well as thyroid diseases.
Purpose: assessment of the oxidative stress markers, including oxidation of proteins [concentrations of aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins (OMB)] in the blood of individuals with hypothyroidism and/or myocardial infarction living in the Central Pomerania.
Methodology. The level of oxidative stress markers was assessed among 225 individuals, i.e. 132 males (58.67%) and 93 females (41.33%) aged 35-71 years residing in Central Pomerania. In the obtained plasma, an assessment of levels of aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified protein analyses was carried out.
Scientific novelty. The highest level of aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins was found in the group of males with myocardium infarctions and hypothyroidism compared to other groups. In females, an increase in aldehydic and ketonic derivatives was observed in the group with myocardial infarctions and in the group with hypothyroidism compared to the control group, while a decrease in aldehydic and ketonic derivatives was observed in subjects with myocardial infarction compared to individuals both with myocardial infarctions and hypothyroidism. In males, an increase in aldehydic and ketonic derivatives in both groups with myocardial infarctions and with hypothyroidism compared to the control group was observed, while in relation to the individuals with myocardial infarctions and hypothyroidism there was a decrease in aldehydic and ketonic derivatives in the group with myocardial infarctions and a decrease in ketonic derivatives in individuals with hypothyroidism. In addition, a decrease in the level of ketonic derivatives in the males with myocardial infarction and hypothyroidism compared to the group of females was observed.
Conclusions. In the course of myocardial infarction, gender affects the level of the aldehydic derivatives of oxidative modification of proteins.  Among individuals with hypothyroidism, the increase of ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins is also affected by sex. Analysis of oxidative stress markers depending on the sex may provide a biochemical basis for epidemiological differences in susceptibility to disease between sexes and suggest different strategies for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment specifically targeted at groups of males and females of different ages.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF A HIGH-PROTEIN FERMENTED DRINK ON A PLANT BASIS
Authors: Novik Anna , Lapytska Nadiya , Lystopad Tamara , Boychenko Polina , Savchenko Alina
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of the study of plant-based substitutes for dairy products. It is shown that yogurts based on these starters have higher sensory indicators compared to traditional drinks.
The purpose of the article is the scientific substantiation and development of the optimal formulation and production technology of a high-protein fermented beverage based on chickpeas and flax protein.
Methodology. Microbiological, physicochemical and sensorial research methods were used. Processing of the results was carried out using MS Excel databases.
The scientific novelty is that during the development of the concept of creating technologies for new fermented drinks, in which the protein content is increased and the amino acid composition is improved by adding chickpeas and flax protein.
Conclusions. The prospect of using fermented beverages made on a plant basis has been proven. It was established that the developed drink samples were based on a set of indicators (amino acid composition and soon, potential biological value of protein, utilitarian coefficient of amino acid composition of protein, indicator of "excess content" of essential amino acids, ratio of fatty acids С18:2:С18:1 and С18:2:С18:3) are characterized by high biological value of proteins and lipids. The recipe composition of a high-protein fermented chickpea-linseed drink is substantiated and the optimal ratio of water: vegetable protein preparations in the recipe composition is determined.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE EXTRACTANT MIXTURE FOR THE EXTRACTION OF NATURAL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM PROCESSING PRODUCTS OF VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS AND THEIR FURTHER USE IN THE PRACTICE OF ANTI-CORROSION PROTECTION
Authors: Vorobyova Viktoriia
Published: January 2023

Purpose. To theoretically substantiate and experimentally confirm the conceptual approach to the use of the i-PrOH-EtOH-H2O extractant system for obtaining plant extracts of grape, apricot, peach and tomato pomace with multifunctional anti-corrosion purposes.
Methodology. The optimization of the three-component composition of the extractant system was carried out by the Scheffe simplex grid planning method with the construction of concentration triangles, the quantitative content of the sum of phenolic compounds, the total content of flavonoids, and the sum of volatile compounds was used as a response function, and the “composition-anticorrosion efficiency” dependence was established in neutral water and air environments.
Scientific novelty. Use of the i-PrOH-EtOH-H2O extractant system in the ratio of propanol - 50 ÷ 40 %; ethanol – 25 ÷ 30 %; water – 15 ÷ 25 % with a polarity index ~ 5.9 ÷ 6.3, is a criterion parameter for the extraction of substances that belong to different groups of natural organic compounds: plants secondary metabolism terpene and polyphenolic compounds.
Conclusions. It was established that the optimal use of the i-PrOH-EtOH-H2O extractant system with a percentage ratio of solvents in the range of 50-40 %; 25 ÷ 30 %; 15 ÷ 25 %, respectively. The calculated polarity index is in the range of ~ 5.87 ÷ 6.37 and is a criterion parameter for the system of extractants relative to the studied raw materials. By comparing the areas of optima with the construction of simplex lattice plans where the inhibitory effect is selected as the response function, it was established that the criterion parameters of the component composition of the extracts for their use as multifunctional inhibitors are the total content of phenolic compounds at the level of ~90 ÷ ≥150 mg of the extract, flavonoids ~ 22 ÷ ≥56 mg of extract and 70 ÷≥ 96 mg of terpene compounds per 100 g of extract.
Analysis of Inflatory Mitigation Measures Adopted by Households in Mbita Division of Mbita Sub-County, Kenya
Authors: Ogweno Jacob O , Gumba Calvine O
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish mitigation measures adopted by the government of Kenya for the households in the current inflationary conditions of the market.
Methodology: The study adopted descriptive and correlational research designs. The study was pegged on the quantity theory of money. A sample size of 374 heads of households was selected from a total of 13,789 households in the Division. The individual respondents were drawn using simple random sampling technique. Primary data was gathered with the help of questionnaires, key informant interviews, focused group discussions and observation. Secondary data was collected from government statistical abstracts, household’s records and relevant text books. Regression as a tool of analysis was utilized to reveal the existing relationship among the variables and coefficient of determination to show the strength of the established model. The reliability of the data collection instrument was tested using the internal consistency technique. The Cranbach’s Coefficient Alpha was computed to determine the correlation among the items.
Findings: Most of the households started consumption tradeoffs by having one meal a day and went on with one meal a day, treated themselves locally without attending the hospitals, resulted to walking on foot and most people used up their savings. The research was self-funded and there was no conflict of interest.
Conclusions: The study has revealed that most of the households in Mbita Division of Homa County reduced their expenditures due to inflation rates increase.
Recommendations: Policy makers should adopt training programs targeting Mbita residents on the saving culture and diversifying source of income as intervention measues during inflation periods. The study also recommended further research to be done on other mitigation measure in adopted in other regions.
Informacyjny wymiar człowieka
Authors: Zięba Stanisław
Published: January 2023

Przedmiotem publikacji jest geneza człowieka ukazana na podstawie wydarzeń w neolicie określanych jako „wielki skok” czy „rewolucja neolityczna”, sygnalizując tym samym nie tylko wyjątkowość zaistnienia człowieka, ale także wyjątkowość człowieka na tle rozwoju przyrody. Rewolucja uczłowieczenia to pojawienie się istoty zdolnej do refleksji nad sobą i nad otaczającym światem. Świadectwem rewolucji neolitycznej jest m.in. rozwój rolnictwa i osiadły tryb życia człowieka. Radykalna przemiana to proces „przekroczenia” progu biologicznego. Czynnik sprawczy tego wielkiego skoku upatrujemy w informacji. Informacja stała się podstawą interpretacji zdarzeń, procesów, organizacji w świecie, stała się czynnikiem wykorzystanym w eksplikacji genezy układów fizycznych, biologicznych i antropologicznych. Hipotetycznie przyjmujemy, że w wydarzeniach neolitu informacja genetyczna uzyskała nową jakość pozagenetyczną.
Specyfika relacji interpersonalnych psychologa
Authors: Stepulak Marian Zdzisław
Published: January 2023

Psycholog podejmujący aktywność zawodową musi wchodzić w relacje interpersonalne z osobami badanymi, z psychologami oraz innymi specjalistami. Ta swoista triada wyznacza nie tylko zakres personalnych odniesień, ale pokazuje trudne obszary działalności zawodowej psychologa. Psycholog w swojej codziennej aktywności zawodowej musi wykazać się wysokim kompetencjami zawodowymi, ale także wysokim kwalifikacjami moralnymi. Wiodącym motywem jego oddziaływań jest dobro drugiej osoby oraz podejmowana za te osoby odpowiedzialność. Każdy zawodowy kontakt psychologa z drugą osobą powinien charakteryzować się poszanowaniem godności osobowej człowieka. Szczególnie ważne miejsce w przestrzeni relacji interpersonalnych odgrywają relacje terapeutyczne. Stosowane w nich przez psychologów nowoczesne metody, techniki i narzędzia nie mogą naruszać podstawowych wartości ważnych dla pacjentów i klientów. Bez podejmowania adekwatnych relacji interpersonalnych praca zawodowa psychologa nie przynosiłaby oczekiwanych efektów.
Dyrektor przywódca czy lider zarządzający całym procesem uczenia się w szkole
Authors: Żerel Emilia
Published: January 2023

W artykule przedstawia się dyrektora szkoły jako lidera w zarządzaniu, który zarządza zasobami ludzkimi, buduje efektywne zespoły, dba o dobrą komunikację społeczną w szkole, współpracuje z nauczycielami dla osiągnięcia wspólnego sukcesu. Szkoła zaś jest miejscem osobistego rozwoju ucznia i nauczyciela. Dyrektor szkoły jest równocześnie liderem (menadżerem) i przywódcą. Przywódcy edukacyjni muszą umieć połączyć funkcję menedżerskie i przywódcze, myśleć twórczo o organizacji, której służą. Powinni być zdolni do widzenia dalszych horyzontów poza dzisiejszym kryzysem czy koniecznością skończenia sprawozdania. Przywództwo (liderowanie) jest nie tyle charyzmatyczne co służebne, przywódca uczącej się organizacji to ktoś rozumiejący doskonale swoją rolę i świat, to ktoś, kto potrafi rozwijać się osobiście i równocześnie wspierać w tym procesie innych, poprzez projektowanie uczenia sią przez doświadczenie i odpowiedzialną refleksję.
Globalizacja, tożsamość i wartości w ujęciu Roberta Wuthnowa
Authors: Daszewska Anna
Published: January 2023

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie koncepcji globalizacji, tożsamości i wartości społeczeństwa amerykańskiego na podstawie prac socjologa religii i kultury, Roberta Wuthnowa. Dyrektor Centrum Badań Religijnych z Uniwersytetu Princeton w Stanach Zjednoczonych opisuje zagadnienie globalizacji, prezentuje cztery zjawiska związane z integracją międzynarodową, zestawia homogeniczność ze zróżnicowaniem kultury, wskazuje na trzy sposoby na utrzymanie różnorodności oraz na nowe możliwości dla religii w dobie globalizacji. Następnie socjolog amerykański przedstawia charakterystykę tożsamości amerykańskiej, tożsamości Kościołów chrześcijańskich w Ameryce oraz związek tożsamości wiarą religijną i porządkiem moralnym. Omawiając koncepcję wartości, badacz zestawia konformizm z indywidualizmem, wyciąga wnioski na przyszłość, przedstawia rolę wartości w życiu publicznym, istotę osobistych narracji w życiu społecznym, oraz znaczenie małych grup jako wspólnot wartości w podtrzymywaniu witalności życia religijnego Amerykanów.
Wybrane aspekty procesu zarządzania finansami w gospodarstwach domowych województwa lubelskiego
Authors: Kuflewska Wioleta
Published: January 2023

Niniejszy artykuł odnosi się do zagadnienia finansów gospodarstw domowych, a konkretnie procesu gospodarowania nimi przez mieszkańców województwa lubelskiego. Gospodarstwa domowe mają określony poziom zasobów finansowych, które muszą rozdysponować na dane dobra lub usługi, aby zaspokoić potrzeby. Generując dochody gospodarstwo domowe przeznacza je na różne cele, jednak trzeba odpowiednio nimi zarządzać. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie sposobu realizacji procesu gospodarowania finansami w gospodarstwach domowych z terenu województwa lubelskiego. Artykuł prezentuje rozważania teoretyczne, jak również badania empiryczne dotyczące wybranych perspektyw zarządzania finansami w analizowanych gospodarstwach domowych z terenu województwa lubelskiego.
Spektrum autyzmu a dysfunkcje układu pokarmowego i dietoterapia
Authors: Szewczak Monika , Biaduń Waldemar
Published: January 2023

Spektrum autyzmu staje się coraz poważniejszym problemem społecznym i medycznym. Jest to tym bardziej istotne, że etiopatogeneza choroby jest nadal niejasna. Nieustannie dyskutowane są jej przyczyny, wśród których wymienia się zarówno czynniki genetyczne jak i środowiskowe, w tym wpływ spożywanego pokarmu. Najnowsze badania sugerują daleko idący związek między dietą, składem mikroflory jelitowej, stanem układu pokarmowego i funkcjonowaniem mózgu. Pojęcie „oś mikrobiota-jelito-mózg” weszło na stałe do języka naukowego. Nowe spojrzenie ukształtowało się przy znaczącym udziale odkryć w dziedzinie epigenetyki i nutrigenomiki. Pojawiły się zatem nowe możliwości terapii autyzmu. Okazało się, że decydującą rolę mogą odegrać diety eliminacyjne, czyli odpowiednio dobrane składniki pożywienia, które w znacznym stopniu będą łagodzić objawy ASD.
Rola mitochondriów w etiopatogenezie chorób człowieka
Authors: Biaduń Waldemar , Kleczkowska-Pałka Renata , Dziewa Artur
Published: January 2023

Mitochondria to jedne z najważniejszych organelli komórkowych. Odpowiadają przede wszystkim za syntezę ATP i metabolizm energetyczny, przez co odgrywają pierwszoplanową rolę w homeostazie ustroju. Od ich zdolności do prawidłowego działania zależy zatem nasze zdrowie i skłonność do chorób. Ostatnio w medycynie zaczęto poważnie traktować problem tzw. chorób mitochondrialnych, czyli mitochondriopatii pierwotnych (wrodzonych) i wtórnych (nabytych). Spojrzenie na etiopatogenezę różnych schorzeń przez pryzmat funkcjonowania mitochondriów pozwala na wprowadzenie zupełnie nowych terapii skoncentrowanych głównie na przyczynach dolegliwości, a nie ich objawach.W terapii mitochondrialnej proponuje się holistyczne podejście do chorób, z uwzględnieniem zmian diety i stylu życia oraz – przede wszystkim – zastosowaniem suplementacji, np. mitoceutykami. Rozważa się również wprowadzenie leczenia opartego na fotobiomodulacji. Nowe podejście może przynieść znaczną poprawę skuteczności terapii chorób uznanych praktycznie za nieuleczalne, w tym neurodegeneracyjnych i metabolicznych.
Odrębność w postępowaniu ratowniczym u pacjentów z przewlekłą niewydolnością nerek, leczonych metodą hemodializoterapii
Authors: Kucharski Łukasz , Matysek-Nawrocka Marlena , Dziewa Artur
Published: January 2023

Choroby nerek są schorzeniem trudnym do wyleczenia, które często niosą za sobą nieodwracalne skutki. Przewlekła niewydolność nerek jest chorobą nieodwracalną i nieuleczalną. Najczęściej stosowaną metodą leczenia nerkozastępczego jest hemodializa, która wymaga od pacjenta wiele poświęceń i dostosowania dotychczasowego życia codziennego. Zabieg dializy, który trwa średnio od 4 do 5 godzin i wykonywany 3 razy w tygodniu niesie za sobą liczne powikłania, w tym stany zagrożenia życia. Ratownik medyczny w trakcie postępowania ratowniczego musi liczyć się z tym, że może trafić na osobą dializowaną. Wskazówki zawarte w pracy, powinny ułatwić ratownikowi w opiece przedszpitalnej rozpoznanie, a także wdrożenie właściwego postępowania ratowniczego wobec pacjenta dializowanego, aby nie spowodować u niej pogorszenia stanu zdrowia z jednoczesnym zachowaniem niezbędnych środków ostrożności.
An Inter-District Comparison with respect to the Growth Factors in the Development of the MSME Sector: A Case Study on West Bengal
Authors: Dutta Sarodiya , Raychaudhuri Bibekananda , Bhattacharya Arabinda
Published: January 2023

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a significant role in the Indian economy. West Bengal holds the second position among the states in India with respect to the number of units and employment in the MSME Sector. This paper emphasizes the ranking of districts of West Bengal in terms of growth rate calculated on the basis of these two above-stated parameters- the number of units established and employment generated in the MSME Sector, which are considered as development parameters in this study. Further, the study highlights whether the overall economic environment, individual entrepreneurial capability and geographical diversity of the districts of West Bengal have any impact on these development parameters or not.
ndian Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: A Study
Authors: Halder Souma
Published: January 2023

Entrepreneurship does not exist in a vacuum (Moore, 1993). A business unit to start and survive in an economy is dependent upon certain elements/factors operating in the environment concerned. ‘Environment of entrepreneurship’ is referred to here as the Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (EE). An extensive study of literature indicates Finance, Human Capital, Incubators and Accelerators, Regulatory framework (including Infrastructure) and Culture as the most essential components of an environmental ecosystem. Developing and maintaining a strong entrepreneurship ecosystem is a priority for any government. This is truer for a developing nation like India with a population of around 1.38 billion with nearly 40 per cent aged 13 to 35 years (youth) standing on the verge of starting employment. However, the unemployment rate of India is standing at 8.30 per cent in September 2022. In the absence of ample job opportunities, encouraging entrepreneurship is the only way out for steady economic growth. In this context, our study revolves around understanding and evaluating the components of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the Indian context
Zero-Waste Lifestyle in India: A Study on Consumer’s Standpoint
Authors: Saha Jagriti , Nath Soma
Published: January 2023

In recent years, the global waste problem has taken a massive toll on the ecology of the earth. The philosophy of zero waste treats it as a misallocated resource that can be circled back into the production or consumption process. This paper aims to study consumers' perception in metropolitan cities in India toward a zero-waste lifestyle and management. The study investigates the change in consumer perspective from the conventional way of waste disposal to the newer and more sustainable way of life. Data from 314 consumers residing in metropolitan cities in India were collected to study their attitude towards zero-waste.
A Study on Plastic Waste in Households
Authors: Gupta Archita , Roy Anjana
Published: January 2023

Plastics are indispensable part of the society but it effects directly or indirectly in the environment, wildlife, aquatic life as well as the human health also. Households use plastics the most frequently and due to unavailability of proper tools, most individuals simply throw the used plastics into nature without following the correct recycling procedure. As a result of the ecology system, people face several health problems. Although Single-Use Plastics and Plastic Polybags are prohibited, our society has continued to utilise it. In order to prevent plastic pollution, government must play a crucial role, otherwise future generations will have to face a dire situation by plastic pollutions. A clean environment and a healthy lifestyle are both possible if we can continue to be conscious of plastic.
Belgrade memorial architecture in the "Urbanizam Beograda" journal 1969-1981
Authors: Mladenović Milja
Published: January 2023

The topic of the paper is the role of the urban profession in the planning of the memorial complexes and monuments in Belgrade from 1969 to 1981, during which the professional journal Urbanizam Beograda was published. Using articles published in the journal Urbanizam Beograda as its main source the paper will address the stance of the expert public in the decision-making process in the planning of memorials. This includes a review of articles on individual monuments in public spaces, urban development policies, and the most important competitions related to the memorials and monuments written about by different authors in Urbanizam Beograda. Looking at the broader historical context of Yugoslavia and its cultural policies through the prism of memorial architecture, different processes and key topics that influenced the urban design of the memorial will be addressed, as well as the regard the expert public had for the decision-making process. The research is based on an analysis of expert articles published in Urbanizam Beograda, as well as an analysis of the broader socio-political context of Belgrade, in order to expand understanding of the decisions and stance of the professional public in the period 1969 to 1981. The paper aims to establish a relationship between politics and the profession, as well as to identify the implementation of different planning mechanisms for creating collective memory, recognized in the journal Urbanizam Beograda. The results of the research point to specific articles about public spaces and competitions published in Urbanizam Beograda, in which the professional public had the autonomy to make decisions based on an interdisciplinary approach to planning, which was not always in line with the socio-political situation.
Micro-apartments: Achieving spatial comfort in substandard housing conditions
Authors: Alfirević Đorđe , Simonović-Alfirević Sanja
Published: January 2023

Micro-housing means living in substandard conditions, in housing units that are very small in size. Such apartments usually have only the most basic contents, such as rooms for rest, kitchens and bathrooms, and they do not meet all functionality aspects, because users consciously choose to forego certain living needs in order to live in a certain location or have lower maintenance costs. The research considers characteristic examples of micro-apartments and analyses reference literature, in order to extract design principles from extensive material, through which it is possible to achieve spatial comfort in apartments of minimal dimensions. The aim of the research is to consider and systematize the most important principles that can achieve a higher level of spatial comfort in substandard conditions for micro-housing. The paper examines the view that the lower limit of the range of microhousing is the personal experience of comfort and convenience in the living space, determined by how well it meets the users' physiological needs. According to the results of the research, in order to have minimum spatial comfort in an apartment, it is necessary to have a rest area (bed), with the possibility of using a common space for food preparation and personal hygiene, which lowers the default lower limit of interpreting the term "micro-housing".
Urban analysis of the possibility of building special purpose buildings: Case study of air traffic control facility at Nikola Tesla airport in the city of Belgrade
Authors: Lalošević Marija , Danilović-Hristić Nataša , Stefanović Nebojša
Published: January 2023

The practice of implementing urban plans for the construction area of the City of Belgrade has shown that in some cases they do not contain enough elements to implement directly. This is especially true for special purpose sites and facilities, whose design and construction require the pre-definition of more detailed conditions and rules of landscaping and construction. In order to address such issues, the authors explore the practice of developing urban analyses in the case of the air traffic control facility at Belgrade's Nikola Tesla Airport. The paper presents the starting points for developing an urban analysis and excerpts from relevant planning documents, while analyzing the existing condition of the site. The basic results of the analysis show the available capabilities and capacity of the site. In particular, the paper analyzes how well the criteria for building a flight control tower, as a tall object and future location benchmark, were fulfilled. The findings underscore the importance of urban analysis as an instrument for implementing planning solutions for special purpose facilities, which by their nature are unique and of the utmost national importance. The authors also look at urban analysis as a scientific method, while laying out basic guidelines and emphasizing the need for further research.
Single-family houses by Ranko Radović
Authors: Gubić Ilija , Putnik-Prica Vladana
Published: January 2023

Ranko Radović (1935-2005) was one of the most prominent architects, urban planners and professors in Yugoslavia, and he had a significant impact on professional and scientific discussions on the planning and design of public spaces and public buildings. This is evident not only through his designs, but also through numerous publications and presentations. In addition to his well-known public buildings, such as the Museum at Tjentište in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Craft Center in Belgrade, the City Hall in Aranđelovac, and the Post Office, Hotel Partizanka and Bank in Vranjačka Banja, he also designed five single-family houses. Of the five houses, four have been built, however, so far, they have not been the focus of research or published in academic journals. This paper studies Ranko Radović's designs for single-family houses built in the period from 1975 to 1985 in Aranđelovac, Bačka Palanka and Sombor in Serbia. The significance of Radović's design for single-family houses is explored in the context of socialism, in which investors would choose designs for their houses from a "catalogue". This paper also explores Radović's designs in the context of his theoretical approaches on the relationship between traditional and contemporary architecture. The paper aims to shed light on his contribution to ideas regarding the development of modern housing in the 1970s and 1980s in Serbia. It also documents the importance of those projects for the history of the architecture of single-family housing in Serbia.
Anthropological contribution to understanding the position of the families of missing Serbs in Kosovo and Metohia
Authors: Petković Nevena
Published: January 2023

This paper approaches the topic of missing Serbs in Kosovo and Metohia by the application of the anthropological theoretical framework on waiting, which treats this waiting process as socially and politically constructed. Furthermore, it considers the role of the families of missing persons in memory praxis related to this humanitarian problem. By outlining the relevance of understanding the position of families of missing persons, it was shown that their personal stories contribute to the formation of a collective narrative, which is important to the wider community of displaced Serbs from Kosovo and Metohia. Additionally, it was concluded that the ability of this humanitarian problem to contribute to the conflict resolution, depends not only on the investigation of missing people, but also on a wider recognition of victims and the protection of their family members and organizations formed by them, which carry on the duties of establishing interethnic cooperation. The misuse of this humanitarian problem, as outlined by their families, is shown as a serious impediment to mending interethnic relations. The paper tries to give a closer look at the voices and silences of families of missing persons by showing how their waiting for investigation and information regarding the disappearances is politically structured, and at the same time charged with the promise of social change.
Conflicts and violence in contemporary schools
Authors: Minić Vesna , Milenović Hadži
Published: January 2023

Conflicts and violence are the worldwide spread phenomena, causes of which are saught both within the child's character and the social settings. Various social interactions encompass a higher possibility of contradistinction of different interests, by which conflicts become an expressive type of social exchange. Violence is in close relation to conflicts in school, which is a complex phenomenon and a state characterized as the use of some force against someone. It is manifested as an urge, anger, hostility, when one wants to control the other person by using power. Taking into account the fact, that there is an increasing number of conflicting and violent behaviors in schools in Serbia, the paper treats the current topic with a focus on the studies of phenomena of conflicts and violence in schools, their causes, forms, consequences, as well as on prevention and social programs of school violence control.
Examining the impact of natural and cultural resources on tourism performance
Authors: Narančić-Joveljić Branislava , Bulatović Anka
Published: January 2023

Tourism is very important for the development of the country. In order to develop, every country must invest in tourism and use its resources to attract tourists. This research took into account how natural and cultural resources influence the improvement of tourism performance. On that occasion, it was observed what influence the rate of economic growth has on the relationship between natural and cultural resources and the performance of tourism. Therefore, regression analysis was used with the mediator gross social product, which represents economic growth. The results showed that three out of four tourism performances are influenced by natural and cultural resources when changing the rate of economic growth. In this way, it has been proven that natural and cultural resources influence the performance of tourism. That is why tourism must be based on the natural and cultural resources available to the country. It is necessary to invest in infrastructure, especially in road infrastructure, in order to make these resources more accessible to tourists.
Modern migrant crisis and migrant smuggling
Authors: Tančić Dragan , Božić Vanda
Published: January 2023

The paper points out, first of all, the fact that the contemporary migrant crisis represents a projected migration of peoples and that everything that is happening in the world today (the so-called Arab Spring - a wave of demonstrations, protests and rebellions, started in December 2010 in Tunisia and continued in other countries of North Africa and the Middle East, wars in certain countries, millions of homeless people, refugees and migrants, etc.) is not accidental at all. International law and its theoretical principles have never been more developed, on the one hand, but they have never been violated or compromised in practice, applied by naked political force and political power, on the other hand. Namely, all this is an integral part of the realization of the idea of the New World Order, which is by no means new. The destruction of "national sovereignty" and the creation of "limited sovereignty", the de-sovereignation of national states is the harsh reality of the modern world. This is done through the creation of supranational regional organizations (for example, the European Union) and institutions of global financial power (the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the World Trade Organization, and others).
Strategic management in the function of enterprise survival and economic development of Bosnia and Herzegovina in conditions of COVID-19
Authors: Milovanović Dragan
Published: January 2023

The focus of the paper is on the analysis of the importance and impact of strategic management and strategic decision-making on the survival, recovery and exit from the crisis of companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina, formed under the influence of coronavirus COVID 19. Many companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina were unprepared, not having a strategy at all. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of strategic management and general strategic thinking in order to survive the companies of Bosnia and Herzegovina in crisis. The methodological concept of the research includes the method of estimating the proportion of the basic set on the basis of large samples, the method of comparative analysis, the method of deduction and the method of statistical analysis. The results of the research show that companies that have a strategy and manage strategically endured the crisis more easily. The results show a direct connection between strategic management - overcoming the crisis and recovery or growth and development of enterprises, which affects the economic development of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Such companies found a way out of the crisis more easily. Strategic management has not even led to the crisis some of them.
Relationship between the type of managers and socially responsible business: Evidence from companies in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Husaković Dijana , Husetović Esmir , Mahmić-Muhić Nermana
Published: January 2023

In today's dynamic business environment conditions, the socially responsible business occupies a special place. Socially responsible companies are more sensitive to the needs and expectations of the most important stakeholder groups: shareholders, employees, customers and the community. In addition to socially responsible companies working in accordance with the needs and expectations of mentioned groups, they can achieve many other benefits from corporate social responsibility: gain a better reputation and image in the market, attract quality human resources, attract many investors, etc. Application of socially responsible business in companies requires from managers proactive approach, stakeholders orientation and ethical behavior in making business decisions. When we talk about socially responsible business, in theory, there are three types of managers: immoral, amoral and moral type. Immoral type of managers actively opposes what is considered correct or ethical. The amoral type of managers is neither immoral nor moral. Their main characteristic is that they are not too sensitive to the fact that their business decisions can affect others. The moral type of managers uses ethical norms and adhere to high standards of good behavior. This paper researched the dominant type of managers, from the aspect of socially responsible business, in large private companies in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research determined that managers, who are not too sensitive to the fact that their business decisions can have harmful consequences for others, are the dominant type of managers in large private companies in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research was proven on 63 large private companies in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The structure of consumer loans, their beneficiaries and motivations for borrowing from banks in the Republic of Srpska
Authors: Vojinović Dragan , Plakalović Novo
Published: January 2023

In the research, we started from the fact that consumer loans are the most common type of credits offered by the commercial banking sector to the public of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The initial goal of the research was to look at the current structure of loans taken by citizens from banks (loan size, loan maturity, use goal, etc.) and to look at the structure of credit users in terms of their educational, income and age status. We started from the assumption that citizens or households use bank consumer credits predominantly to finance current consumption and compensate for insufficient current income to finance basic living needs. We made such assumptions based on the fact of low general income per capita, low average wages and high unemployment rates in B&H. The research is based on a comprehensive survey that we conducted on a large number of participants, users of bank consumer loans. We concluded: relatively most of the credit beneficiaries are from the category of educated and highly educated citizens and the relatively largest number of beneficiaries are those with low-income status and young people. The loans used are mostly non-purpose cash credits. Longer loan maturities are reserved mainly for middle aged and older people with higher income status. Long-term loans were mostly used to finance the purchase and construction of apartments and houses. Average loan amounts per user are relatively low, which is to be expected given their income position. The motives, life requirements and expectations of the borrower usually move within a modest radius of providing basic living needs therefore, loans are mostly aimed at financing current consumption. For some users, there is a noticeable preference for higher consumption that goes beyond the actual borrowing potential of these households.
Overview of the internal firm growth and corporate finance principles: Theories, expectations and application outcomes
Authors: Džafić Jasmina , Polić Nedžad
Published: January 2023

Throughout almost a century many theories of firm growth, investments, financial leverage and dividend policy have been developed aiming to capture decisive relations among the crucial firm internal potentials. The extensive literature reveals many determinants influencing firm growth. The expectations of the relations among investment activities, financial structures and dividend policy on one hand and firm growth indicators (value, sales volume, employment, return) on the other hand exhibit clear and simple relations. Though most of the theories excerpt all relations and represent state of the art in the internal growth potentials relation, we may find a bunch of counter-expectations findings in the related literature. Namely, affected by specific circumstances firms behave in different ways with suboptimal use of internal growth potentials. Among the specific circumstances that may affect the national economy, transition, post-recession and underdeveloped financial markets deserve particular research attention and focus. In this paper, we present the existing theories overview, potential challenges of the labelled circumstances and a review of the relations between selected corporate finance principles and firm growth indicators. The research reveals the findings based on the extensive firms' dataset related to Bosnia and Herzegovina. The findings of this paper might inspire further research efforts, vivid theoretical debate on the causes and consequences of the findings as well as a clear response from the related government bodies responsible for macro economic development.