bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFICATION OF MOST CRITICAL, MODERATE CRITICAL AND NON-CRITICAL REGIONS REGARDING ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE POLLUTION FOR UNIVERSITY ROAD, PESHAWAR PAKISTAN
Authors: Bangash Musaab Habib
Published: February 2021

Our modern era doesn’t mean only that we have industrialized or have advancements in technology but the increment in pollution is also the result of modernization. With the increase in population, the burden on the urban infrastructure of city centers is increasing with each passing day. This increased burden is specially manifested in the increase in traffic density on roads and traffic flow and is mainly known for the production of noise pollution. University Road, Peshawar Pakistan which is a very dense and important hub for education, hospitals and other commercial markets was studied for noise pressure levels and identification of vulnerable regions. Among 30 regions of section 8 were categorized as non-critical,17 were found moderate critical and 5 were found most critical regions.
Models for Predicting the Probability of Bankruptcy: Applying in Construction Companies
Authors: Voiko A. V.
Published: February 2021

The paper examines some foreign and domestic methods of forecasting bankruptcy of enterprises in order to apply them in the largest construction organizations in Russia. The empirical basis of the study is the construction companies that are comparable in size, revenue, and market share. Their annual financial statements preceding the analysis are the information base of calculations. The quality of forecasts has been checked on independent indicators’ calculations of financial analysis, as well as using data from financial markets and share prices under studied companies. The result of the research is the selection of models that gives the most correct forecast of the financial situation of a company in the construction industry. It has been also revealed that models for predicting financial insolvency of enterprises has not been able to assess changes in financial stability in the short term. Therefore, the author compares calculation results with data of financial markets. As a result, it was found that models which demonstrate the greatest predictive ability correlate with the results of independent financial analysis, as well as with data of financial markets regarding the share price dynamics of construction companies. The paper provides recommendations on approaches to choosing models for analyzing the probability of bankruptcy and can be useful for specialists of financial and analytical services to predict the financial insolvency of construction business.
Methods of Payment for Primary Health Care in Russia and Foreign Countries
Authors: Kachkova O. E. , Krishtaleva T. I.
Published: February 2021

Researchers in many countries are looking for effective ways to organize payment for primary health care and conclude that the method of per capita financing of clinics with fund-holding has both positive and negative aspects, which necessitates their obligatory consideration when deciding on the use of this payment method. The article, based on an analysis of the experience of foreign countries, shows that equal access to primary health care is ensured through the expansion of coverage of the population by services and regulation of the distribution of funds for health services. To improve the efficiency of the health system certain mechanisms of fine-tuning the existing methods of planning, organization and payment of health care, aimed at the end results of activities, are needed. Exploring the historical and international aspects of primary health care will result in more efficient implementation of the tasks of modernizing the primary health care level of the Russian Federation, approved by the Russian Government’s Resolution as of 09.10.2019 No. 1304, as well as of the activities within of the federal project “Development of the Primary Health Care System” being a part of the national health project “Health” developed in compliance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2018 No. 204 “On the national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation until 2024”. The purpose of the study is to analyze the ways to pay for medical care in foreign countries and compare it with the Russian experience of per capita payment on the principles of fund-holding. Methods of bibliographic and information search of sources in databases.
FAS 6/2020: Resolved Issues of Accounting for Property, Plant and Equipment and Ongoing Controversial Aspects
Authors: Druzhilovskaya T. Yu. , Druzhilovskaya E. S.
Published: February 2021

The recently approved Federal Accounting Standard (FAS) 6/2020 “Property, plant and equipment” (FAS 6/2020) changes the accounting rules for these assets significantly. New regulations of this standard allow solving a significant part of the problematic issues currently taking place in the above-mentioned area. However, there should be emphasized that some controversial aspects of accounting for property, plant and equipment still persist despite the adoption of FAS 6/2020. This paper describes the study of these resolved and unresolved issues of accounting for property, plant and equipment. The purpose of the study is to represent a detailed analysis of the current and future Russian regulations on accounting for property, plant and equipment, identification of persisting, as well as emerging problematic and debatable issues and determination of their solution ways. The methodological base of the study includes a critical analysis of the new regulations of the FAS 6/2020, as well as the rules of the still valid regulatory documents on accounting for the abovenassets. The results of the research are the identification of the most important problematic issues in the field of modern accounting for property, plant and equipment, as well as the development and substantiation of proposals for their solution. At the same time the authors identified problematic issues related to the recognition of objects in property, plant and equipment, with the initial and subsequent measurement, as well as the depreciation of these assets. The theoretical and practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of its use to improve the regulatory regulation of Russian accounting and additionally, in the possibility of applying some of the proposals substantiated here in the practical work of the accounting departments of organizations. As a research perspective, first of all, it should be noted a critical analysis of the implementation in practice of regulations approved by the FAS 6/2020, the identification of new problems in this field and looking for solving ways.
Methodological Support for the Transfer Pricing Management and Intercompany Payments Control in the Management Accounting System of the Transport Holding Company
Authors: Nazarova V. A.
Published: February 2021

One of the factors in achieving national development goals of the Russian Federation is to address corporate-wide issues of the systemically important holding company OJSC “Russian Railways”. These issues include improving efficiency of resource consumption processes and managing the value chain. The purpose of the study is to develop methodological support for transfer pricing management and control of internal corporate settlements to address the specified issues. The methodological framework of the study is formed by management accounting concepts and legal support guidelines on strategic industry development of the Russian Federation. The study methodology based on the use of the methods of concept operationalization, structural analogy, induction, deduction, detailing, grouping ensures formation of the evidence base of obtained results of the study: the author-developed methodical support for transfer pricing management to justify the least expensive cost of the end-to-end technological process; classifier of additional accounts of the management accounting to prepare currently applicable internal regulations and organize the data. It is concluded that the obtained results of the study can serve as an effective tool for making strategic decisions to determine potential cost for the prospective value creation of systemically important transport companies.
State and Dynamics of Development of the Russian Leasing Market (Brief Statistical Analysis)
Authors: Arkhangel’skaya L. Yu.
Published: February 2021

The study subject of the paper is the directions of development of leasing in Russia in various forms of its manifestation. There is no generally accepted classification of types of leasing today — the system of statistical indicators characterizing the state and development of the financial leasing market is in a state of formation; the factors (external and internal) and cause-and-effect relationships that bring such an uneven development of the leasing services market in a way of changing the legal environment, new challenges of the time (economic, financial, social) have been little studied. Thereby, the study of leasing as a unique tool for investing in assets (including labor force) in various spheres of human activity is a relevant scientific and the applied problem. Within the framework of this paper, being used statistical methods for analyzing the structure and dynamics of the phenomena of public life, the features and trends that are emerging in thebRussian market of leasing services are investigated, a forecast for 2020 is being constructed. and expert agencies and summarizes the results of the comprehensive statistical analysis of one of the segments of the financial intermediation services market. The proposed methodology for analyzing a segment of the financial intermediation services market using the example of leasing can be widely used in the analytical activities of expert agencies, financial analysts, be useful in scientific and applied research conducted by research organizations and universities, as well as in the training of scientific and pedagogical personnel in financial and economic profile universities.
Experiencia inicial con Macop-b en linfomas No-hodgkin (lnh) de grado intermedio y alto
Authors: Checa R. Fernando , Gavilanez Patricio , Ontaneda Max
Published: February 2021

En Ia reunión de la Sociedad Americana de Oncologia Clinica de 1986 se confirmaron Ios resultados de que el esquema MACOP-B (Metotrexate con rescate de ácido folínico, doxorubicina, ciclofosfamida, vincristina, prednisona Y bleomicina) era una combinación muy efectiva y tolerada en el tratamiento de LNH de grado intermedio y alto. Desde mayo de 1986 a noviembre del 87, diez casos avanzados de LNH fueron tratados con MACOP-B, en el Servicio de Oncología del Andrade Marín. Tres fueron mujeres y la edad media de todo el grupo fue 39 años (27-66). Ocho pacientes presentaron un índice de rendimiento (Karnofsky) de 70% o más. De los diez casos, 4 fueron linfoma linfocitico difuso pobremente diferenciado, 2 fueron linfomas indiferenciados tipo no Burkitt, 2 fueron linfomas inmunoblásticos y un caso de linfoma histiocítico difuso y linfoblástico, respectivamente. Se registró 1 paciente en estado II, 4 en estado Ill y 5 en estado IV. Todos Ios pacientes fueron evaluables para toxicidad, siendo la más importante Ia hematológica. 6 pacientes desarrollaron neutropenia grado 2 (1). Mucositis moderada e intensa se vio en 6. Nausea fue universal, pero vómito grado 2 se registró en 6 pacientes. No se observaron muertes por este esquema. La respuesta completa fue del 70% y 8 de los 10 pacientes se encuentran vivos con seguimiento mayor a 12 meses.   Nuestra conclusi6n es que MACOP - B  es más efectivo que CHOP o CHOP - Bleo, usados en el servicio hasta mayo del 86, pero tiene una alta toxicidad; por otro lado el costo del tratamiento es muy inferior a otros similares de tercera generación, aunque el costo es  mayor que CHOP o CHOP Bleo. Pensamos seguir utilizando estos esquemas como tratamientos de base para linfomas de grado intermed10 y alto, en especial si son pacientes adultos.
Slim-Floor Girder – Experimental tests and design rules for the deflection
Authors: Hauf Gunter , Kuhlmann Ulrike
Published: February 2021

Slim-floor girders form an attractive alternative to usual reinforced concrete flat slabs. However their effective design suffers from assumptions concerning the effective width of the concrete chord which are not reflecting the real deflection behaviour. This paper reports on investigations concerning the deformation of slim-floor girders including experiments on single-span and two- span continuous girders as well as analytical evaluations. The test results promise the advantageous possibility to increase the assumed ratios of the effective width for the design of slim-floor girders in serviceability limit state (SLS) and thus to improve the calculation of realistic deflections.
Wheel prints and axle geometries for static and fatigue load models of expansion joints for road bridges
Authors: Leendertz Johan S. , Butz Christiane , Neumann Winfried
Published: February 2021

For the design and verification of expansion joints and details of bridge decks not only the axle and wheel loads, but also the wheel print and axle geometries are crucial. The exact contact stress distribution is normally of lesser importance. Modified axle geometries and wheel prints are proposed for the tandem systems of the static load models and the axle types of the fatigue load models FLM1, FLM2 and FLM4 of EN 1991-2. Examples of the required static strength and fatigue resistance of expansion joints with existing regulations, with EN 1991-2 and with the modified axle geometries are shown. Conclusions are drawn about the consequences of the current regulations and the proposal of the modified wheel print and axle geometries.
Concrete Columns that Don't Collapse Easily During Large Earthquakes
Authors: Kino Junichi , Ohba Mitsuaki , Kanno Takahiro , Kaneda Jun , Kobayashi Kaoru , Ishibashi Tadayoshi
Published: February 2021

In the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake disaster, many reinforced concrete rigid-framed viaducts for the railway collapsed by the failure of the columns. Therefore, the predicted earthquake has been greatly improved in design standard. However, because the ductility of the reinforced concrete column by the reinforcing bar arrangement at that time was insufficient, it was necessary to increase the yield seismic coefficient. Then, authors confirmed experimentally the new method of the reinforcing bar arrangement that was able to take more than twice ductility at that time. This new method is that a method of arranging a lot of circle hoop reinforcements inside of the longitudinal reinforcements instead of arranging many hoop reinforcements outside of the longitudinal reinforcements. Now, the all reinforced concrete rigid-framed viaducts for the railway designed in East Japan Railway Company adopt this new method.
Floor Vibration Performance of Lightweight Cold-Formed Steel Framing
Authors: Xu Lei
Published: February 2021

Presented in this paper is a field study on the vibration performance of lightweight cold-formed steel floors. The floors investigated were constructed with different framing methods and construction details, and were tested in either partially or fully finished conditions. The current design practice and the appropriate criteria of vibration serviceability for lightweight floors are discussed. The floor construction details, test methods, and together with the test results are summarized. Based on the vibration criteria recommended for lightweight cold-formed steel floors, the test results show that all the floors investigated in this study demonstrated satisfactory performance against vibration due to human walking.
Compression Tests of Longitudinally Stiffened Plates Undergoing Distortional Buckling
Authors: Kwon Young Bong , Park Ho Sang
Published: February 2021

This paper describes a series of compression tests performed on longitudinally stiffened plates fabricated from mild steel plates of thickness 4.0 mm with nominal yield stress of 240MPa. The stiffened plates with a range of rigidities of longitudinal stiffeners were tested to failure. The ultimate strength and performance of the longitudinally stiffened plate in compression undergoing distortional buckling or interaction between local and distortional buckling were investigated experimentally and theoretically. The compression tests indicated that the critical buckling mode was dependent mainly on the rigidity of the longitudinal stiffeners and the width-thickness ratio of sub-panels. A noticeable interaction between local and distortional buckling was also observed for some stiffened plates. A significant post-buckling strength reserve was shown for those sections with distortional buckling or with interaction between local and distortional buckling. A limiting strength curve for distortional buckling for stiffened plates was studied. Simple design strength formulae in the Direct Strength Method have been proposed to account for the interaction between local and distortional buckling of stiffened plates. The strength curves proposed were compared with the test results. The adequacy of the strength curve was confirmed. A set of conclusions was drawn from the experimental studies as to the buckling behaviour of stiffened plates.
Study of new method for retrofitting pre-Northridge connections by reducing beam section
Authors: Ghaznavi Amin , Gerami Mohsen
Published: February 2021

Many steel buildings suffered from fracturing of beam-to-column connections in the Northridge earthquake and Kobe earthquake. From the studies, it was indicated that most collapses in frames were due to cracking welds between lower beam flanges and column flange plates, and upper flange resisted because of the stiffness and strength contributed from floor slabs. So, in order to prevent cracking welds and consequently joint brittle fracture, various reinforcement methods can be utilized. One of these methods is lower beam flange cut in a certain section, because lower flange is usually available and is not inside concrete slab. Therefore, the connection is converted from a ordinary moment frame connection into a more ductile connection that can tolerate more plastic rotation, and, in general, structure ductility increases. Cutting form is similar to RBS (Reduced Beam Section) connection with radial cut. Here, we examined these models by ANSYS software. Studying hysteresis curves, we found that creating a RBS joint in lower beam flange in balanced model increases its plastic rotation by 30%. In addition, a applied force at panel zone (according to resistance of panel zone) is decreases. So it causes decreasing in plastic rotation at panel zone. Additionally, it is investigated the amount of beam energy dissipation in conditions before and after retrofitting.
Analysis of a Cable-Stayed Bridge: The Case of “The Baluarte Bridge”
Authors: Gomez Roberto , Pozos Adrián , Sanchez Raúl , Gomez Ronald , Escobar José A.
Published: February 2021

The study of special bridges, such as cable-stayed bridges, has received a lot of attention along the years. Further, the continuous development of new materials, algorithms of analysis and construction technologies has allowed the designers to conceive more challenging designs. This is the case of the Baluarte bridge, the longest cable stayed bridge in North America, located in a mountain area in the northwest of Mexico. The bridge has a mid span of 520m, two lateral spans of 250 and 354m, respectively, and is intended to connect a highway through a canyon of about 390m depth. The aim of this study is threefold, first to predict the modes and frequencies of the bridge with a three-dimensional finite element model, second to analyze the behavior of the stays, and third to study the structural behavior of the bridge during the construction and service stages. The implications of the results of the analyses are discussed in detail.
BEF Analogy for Concrete Box Girder Analysis of Bridges
Authors: Arici Marcello , Granata Michele Fabio , Recupero Antonino
Published: February 2021

Box girder, due to its high torsional stiffness, is very appropriate for railway and highway long- medium span bridges. This type of cross section, subjected to transversely non-uniform loads, present warping and distortion phenomena. Accurate but time-consuming numerical procedures are available for determination of further strains and stresses caused by cross-section deformation. In this paper warping and distortion of box girders is evaluated through BEF analogy, by writing a 4th order differential equation. The problem is solved for practical cases of box girders by considering internal diaphragms stiffness. Graphs are supplied to designers and main design parameters affecting cross section deformation are underlined. The proposed methodology is shown through the use of graphs by developing numerical examples on actual bridge girders.
COLLECTIVE MEMORY OF THE SOVIET PAST ON YOUTUBE: TECHNIQUES FOR AUDIOVISUAL CONSTRUCTION BY ORDINARY VIDEO BLOGGERS
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Zvereva Galina I.
Published: February 2021

The YouTube platform hosts a multitude of video clips that contain various media representations of the collective memory of Soviet history. In this array of multimedia products, videos created by ordinary bloggers take their own place. Videos with themes about the recent Past are formed on the basis of digitized fragments of documentary and fiction films, photographs, posters, postcards, drawings, etc. Verbal comments of viewers-users to videos expand and change their semantic content. The purpose of the article is to reveal in the videos of ordinary bloggers various techniques for audiovisual constructing the collective memory of the mass repression of the 1930s and the Gulag. The criteria for selecting sources for the study are: the time they were posted on the YouTube platform (2010s), video bloggers claim to be documentary, the number of comments. The research results demonstrate that bloggers shape clusters of collective memory of the repressions and the Gulag using audiovisual signs and symbols that are easily recognizable by viewers. The same photographs and film fragments can “work” in video differently depending on how they relate to the verbal and audio components of multimodal text. The techniques used by bloggers for audiovisual documentation of the Soviet Past combine pre-digital and digital technologies. The selection of certain audiovisual components as “raw data” for video, their montage, giving historical figures certain roles, organizing time and space in a digital narrative, including different social and political contexts in it, all allow bloggers to form various representations of the collective memory of the Soviet past, depending on their ideological positions.
CURATORIAL EDUCATION AS A SOCIOCULTURAL PRACTICE: TWO CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Yaralova Marta S.
Published: February 2021

The article raises the question of redefining curating in the field of artistic processes and defining it as a sociocultural practice. As a starting point for curatorial activity, we understand curatorial education, which currently exists in Russia in two forms: within the frameworks of schools of contemporary art and in the mode of academic programs. The focus of the research is the schools of contemporary art as new educational institutions that form both curators and artists capable of carrying out, in addition to artistic, curatorial activities. The article examines two conceptual frameworks that make it possible to problematize the basic points associated with the model of curatorial education in the form of schools of contemporary art. The first framework is associated with the theory of critical pedagogy and its development in the works of Henry Giroux, primarily in relation to the issue of the relationship between cultural and educational practices. The second framework is designated by Boris Groys’s concept of the new. It allows problematizing the position of schools of contemporary art in relation to previous educational strategies in the artistic space. In the context of two conceptual frameworks, curatorial education is seen as a form of cultural production.
THE FIFTH PROLETARIAN MUSEUM. HISTORY OF CREATION AND ACTIVITIES OF THE MOSCOW ART MUSEUM IN THE 1920S
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Bezrukova Nataliya B.
Published: February 2021

The article highlights the history of the so-called proletarian museums that opened in Moscow’s working-class suburbs in the 1920s. The study of their activities seems relevant, since it opens up the opportunity for a deeper study of the history of art museums in Moscow in the 1920s. Special attention is given to the Fifth Proletarian museum, which was a part of the State Tretyakov Gallery. More archival documents have survived on this museum than on any other of the proletarian museums. After studying some unpublished documents in Russia’s major archives, the author has discovered some important, previously unknown facts about these museums. This article takes a close look at how the paperwork was handled at the museum, how the items were registered, accounted for and taken care of and how the collections were accumulated and organized. Also thoroughly described in the article is the history of the museum’s closure as the author analyzes why it was eventually shut down. Moscow’s proletarian museums went down in history as an original new form of art institutions targeting “uncultured” visitors. Unfortunately, these museums were short-lived as they fell victim to the lack of funding and shortage of trained staff during the New Economic Policy era (1921–1928).
VISUALIZATION OF SOVIET CHILDHOOD IN DRAWINGS BY EUGENIYA DVOSKINA
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Umanskaya Zhanna V.
Published: February 2021

The author explores ways to visualize the everyday life of the Brezhnev period’s soviet childhood in a Eugeniya Dvoskina’s drawings cycle «#forthosewhoremember». Comparing the artist’s work with other modern visual nostalgic projects, the significance of the selected source is justified: this cycle allows us to give an idea of the visual environment of the child, typical kinds of the children’s territory, public and private areas in the collective memory of the generation. Based on the methodology of visual sociology (P. Shtompka, O.V. Gavrishina), the author analyzes the reasons for the cycle’s perception of the older generation as uniquely “Soviet” and raises the question about markers of “Soviet childhood”. The universality and heritability of many children’s practices makes them timeless, so the design of the material world and symbols of Soviet ideology are main signs of the historical era. Compositional and graphic solutions of images play an important role for the viewer’s perception. Knowledge of nature and artistic skill allows the artist to create heroes with accurate behavioral characteristics and evokes, in addition to visual, almost all types of sensory memory (tactile, motor, audio). The use of accompaniment text, often in the form of speech formulas, is crucial for this effect. If we consider this cycle in the logic of S.”Boym’s reasoning about nostalgia, drawings about soviet childhood can be attributed to the procedural type of nostalgia, which is characterized by irony and contradictory attitude to the past. Eugeniya Dvoskina’s work provides a complex multi-faceted visualization of the everyday life of Soviet childhood in the 60–80s of the XX century.
STUDY AND PERFORMANCE OF STRENGTH AND DURABILITY TEST ON CEMENT WITH ADDITION OF CERAMIC WASTE AND MICRO SILICA
Authors: Vishwakarma Dharmesh Kumar , Gupta Harsh
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we are studying about properties of cement and concrete such as strength and durability. Crushed ceramic-based waste and silica instead of sand and cement. In this way, we are performing tests such as Compressive Strength Testing and Durability Test. In this study, the cement fraction is replaced by 5% and 10% with micro-silica and sand from 0%, 15%, 30% and 50% with ceramic waste.
The effect of temperature and storage time of cuccal swabs on FGA and D13S317 loci with the STR PCR method
Authors: Masjkur Indah Nuraini , Arfianti Evy , Yudianto Ahmad , Furqoni Abdul Hadi , A’yun Qurrota
Published: February 2021

The samples used for forensic DNA analysis in living individuals are usually blood and buccal swabs, however, blood collection requires an invasive method that can cause discomfort, thus a buccal swab can be a good choice for individuals examined, especially children. This study aimed to determine the effect of temperature and storage time of buccal swabs on the quantity of DNA as material for DNA examination in the forensic field. This study was a laboratory experiment to determine the effect after treatment. Buccal swab samples were 48 and divided into 2 temperature groups, namely room temperature (RT) and 4℃. The division of the temperature groups was also observed with time differences, namely 1, 3, 5, 7 days. EDNA extraction used the DNAzol method and DNA quantification used a Spectrophotometer. The PCR process was carried out with STR primers FGA and D13S317 loci. The visualization stage used acrylamide gel and silver staining.

The results of this study prove that there is an effect of temperature and storage time of buccal swab samples. The longer the treatment time, the lower the DNA level. With statistical analysis, it is obtained p-value of <0.005, it can be concluded that there are significant differences in DNA levels at the temperature and storage time treatments of the buccal swab sample. The results of DNA visualization at the FGA and D13S317 loci using the STR PCR method in this study can still be detected and can be used as a reference for examination in forensic cases.
Pencucian Karbon Organik pada Mikro DAS Lahan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit PT Perkebunan Nusantara VI Jambi
Authors: Septiawan Ginanjar Ika , Wahjunie Eni Dwi , Murtilaksono Kukuh , Sulaeman Yiyi
Published: February 2021

Perubahan penggunaan lahan dapat mempengaruhi ekosistem serta hidrologi kawasan. Dapat meningkatkan erosi dan limpasan permukaan tanah, terutama bila tidak sesuai dengan prinnsip konservasi tanah dan air. Curah hujan yang tinggi mempengaruhi proses pencucian karbon dan nutrisi dari lahan pertanian ke badan sungai. Proses pencucian karbon organik dan nutrisi di sungai perlu diteliti, sehingga dapat memprediksi konsentrasi karbon organik dan nutrisi di sungai, serta bisa menjadi indikator terjadinya degradasi lahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen lapangan yang menggunakan metode survei dengan deskriptif eksploratif untuk sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lokasi pencucian karbon organik dalam bentuk DOC dan unsur hara nitrat, Al3+, dan Mn2+ adalah titik C. Curah hujan tidak berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan debit sungai. Tidak ditemukan korelasi yang tinggi antara debit sungai dengan konsentrasi ion terlarut di outlet dalam bentuk DOC, NO3-, PO43-, Fe2+, dan Al3+. Konsentrasi DOC di air sungai memiliki hubungan korelasi yang tinggi terhadap Fe2+ (0.94) dan Al3+ (0.96). Model multi regresi stepwise menghasilkan DOC = 2.48 + 0.90 Al3+ + 3.17 Fe2+ dengan nilai R2 Adj. yang cukup tinggi (0.94). Menunjukkan bahwa Al3+ dan Fe2+ memiliki pengaruh terhadap DOC sebesar 94%.
Potensi Limbah Tahu untuk Menghasilkan Listrik pada Tiga Model Sistem Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC)
Authors: Dewi Amanda Kusuma , Djajakirana Gunawan , Santosa Dwi Andreas
Published: February 2021

Sampah organik dari industri tahu pada umumnya hanya dibuang ke aliran sungai di sekitarnya dan tidak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Limbah cair tahu mengandung banyak protein, sehingga dalam proses dekomposisi menghasilkan amonia yang menyebabkan bau. Kurangnya peneliti yang memahami bahwa limbah tahu juga dapat digunakan sebagai substrat dalam Sel Bahan Bakar Mikro (MFC). MFC adalah sistem atau perangkat yang menggunakan bakteri sebagai katalis untuk mengoksidasi bahan organik dan anorganik. Elektron diproduksi oleh bakteri dari substrat yang ditransfer ke anoda (kutub negatif) dan dialirkan ke katoda (kutub positif), kemudian dihubungkan oleh perangkat konduktivitas termasuk resistor atau dioperasikan di bawah muatan untuk menghasilkan listrik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan limbah tahu sebagai substrat dalam anoda terhadap arus listrik di MFC juga mengetahui pemodelan MFC paling efektif dan menyediakan listrik dengan arus tertinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemodelan MFC yang dianggap paling efektif dan menghasilkan tegangan tertinggi adalah sistem dual chamber dengan Nafion. Ruang ganda MFC dengan isolat Nafion Staphylococcus saprophyticus mampu menghasilkan nilai tegangan 3,74x105 mV dan nilai kerapatan daya 2,87x104 mW m-2.
THE INFLUENCE OF ATTRACTION, LOCATION, AND SERVICE QUALITY ON REVISIT INTENTION TO SESAOT RURAL TOURISM
Authors: Rahmawati Nouria , Permadi Lalu Adi , Rinuastuti Baiq Handayani
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine Attraction, Location, and Service Quality influence on Revisit Intention to Sesaot Rural Tourism Area, Narmada District, West Lombok Regency, and West Nusa Tenggara. The respondents were tourists who had visited Sesaot Rural Tourism. The data collection method is a survey sample with sampling techniques using purposive sampling with a total sample of 100 people—data collection techniques using questionnaires with data collection tools using questionnaires that tested validity and reliability. The analytical technique used is multiple linear regression. The results showed that the Attraction variable does not affect Revisit Intention. As for location variables also do not affect Revisit Intention. On the other side, service quality affects Revisit Intention. Keywords:Attraction, Location, Service Quality, Revisit Intention
Diagnostic utility of bone marrow aspiration biopsy in definitive diagnosis in cases of hepatosplenomegaly.
Authors: Sami Asmara , Khan Muhammad Ihtesham , Iqbal Sami
Published: February 2021

Objective: To determine the diagnostic utility of bone marrow aspirate in finding cause of hepatosplenomegaly. Study Design: Cross Sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Pathology Department of Khyber Teaching Hospital. Period: August 2017 to December 2017. Material & Methods: A total of 116 cases were referred to Pathology department for workup of hepatosplenomegaly during study period. Patients were subjected to bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. The cases were diagnosis was made and those where no specific diagnosis could be made were noted. Mean and standard deviation were used for quantitative variables. Frequency and percentages were used for qualitative variables. Results: Mean age of the study sample was 45±9 years (range 2 -64 years). There were 66 (56.89%) males and 50 (43.10%) females. No specific diagnosis could be made in 36 (31.03%) cases of hepatosplenomegaly. In remaining 80 (68.96%) cases a definitive diagnosis could be made on examining bone marrow aspiration. So the diagnostic utility of bone marrow aspiration examination was 68.96%. Conclusion: Bone marrow aspiration is valuable and diagnostically important tool for workup of cases of hepatosplenomegaly.
Response of unilateral spinal anaesthesia in elderly patients admitted to BMC & Allied Teaching Hospital in District BANNU-KPK.
Authors: Ullah Sibghat , Begum Rahila , Ahmad Wasim
Published: February 2021

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the possible restriction effects of unilateral spinal anaesthesia on sympathetic block to evade unwanted cardiac effects in elderly patients. Study Design: Cross section study. Setting: Department of Surgery, BMC Allied Teaching Hospitals District Bannu-KPK. Period: June 2018 to January 2020. Material & Methods: In this study, 30 ASA III and ASA IV male adults having an age 55-65 and receiving lower limb surgery were included. The patients were given unilateral spinal anaesthesia (using 0.5% Bupivacaine). All the subjects were maintained in a lateral position having their operated side downwards and were kept in position for a period of 15 minutes. The assessment of the sensory and motor nerves was done, and hemodynamic changes were recorded following spinal anaesthesia. The monitoring was done for half an hour. Results: The observed hemodynamic effects in elderly patients were minimum which demonstrated the effectiveness of unilateral spinal anaesthesia in limiting the sympathetic block, evading the unwanted cardiac effects thus providing high cardiovascular stability. It was observed that the preparation time required for unilateral spinal anaesthesia was a bit longer as compared to conventional method. The technique also proved to be acceptable for patients with an elevated autonomy following surgical procedure and lesser urine retention. Conclusion: When unilateral spinal anaesthesia was administered in admitted patients using lower flow injection method and low volume, stable hemodynamic results were achieved. Patients were more satisfactory. Thus, unilateral spinal anaesthesia is effective in limiting the sympathetic block in old age patients.
Comparison of recovery time of ketamine versus nalbuphine used in combination with propofol in females undergoing in-vitro fertilization under intravenous sedation.
Authors: Butt Muazzam , Khalique Saadia , Waheed Hamza , Athar Shumaila , Butt Zulqarnain , Askri Mohsin Riaz
Published: February 2021

Objective: To compare the mean recovery time after administration of propofol-ketamine versus propofol-nalbuphine combination in patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization procedures under intravenous sedation. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Setting: Department of Anesthesiology, Hameed Latif Hospital, Lahore. Period: 14/11/2016 to 14/11/2017. Material & Methods: 60 Married females of age between 20 to 35 years undergoing elective in-vitro fertilization surgeries of ASA I and II with weight 50-70 kg were included. Group A was treated with nalbuphine and propofol while group B with ketamine and propofol and mean recovery time was calculated. Results: In this study there were total 60 cases, 30 in each group included. The mean age in group A was 27.53±3.36 years while in group B was 26.33±2.44 years. The mean weight in group A was 63.45±3.21 years while in B was 62.78±5.23 years. Recovery time was significantly better in group A (nalbuphine) where it was seen as 4.73±0.98 minutes as compared to 7.17±1.14 minutes in group B with p= 0.01. Recovery time was better in younger age groups (20-27) and again was significantly better in nalbuphine group revealing it in 4.43±0.91 minutes with p= 0.01. Conclusion: The recovery time of nalbuphine is significantly better than ketamine group when combined with propofol.
Frequency of detection of carcinoma of prostate by TRUS guided core biopsy in patients with PSA level of 4 to 10 ng/ml: A comparison of eight verses fourteen core biopsies.
Authors: Chaudhry Shabbir H. , Farooq Umar , Mehboob Akhtar , Iqbal Naveed , Javaid Atiqa , Fatima Sehar
Published: February 2021

Objective: To compare the frequency of detection of prostatic carcinoma in patients with prostatic specific antigen level of 4 to 10ng/ml by TRUS guided eight versus fourteen core biopsies in a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Interventional Comparative study (Randomized Control Trial). Setting: Department of Urology, Jinnah Hospital, and Lahore. Period: January, 2014 to February, 2019. Material & Methods: 340 patients included in the study, according to inclusion criteria, were divided in two groups of 170 patients each. Eight core biopsies were taken in one group and 14 core biopsies were taken in other group by single radiologist to diagnose carcinoma of prostate. Prostatic carcinoma was labeled when pathologist find atypical cells or anaplasia in the biopsy tissues under microscope. Results: Carcinoma of prostate was detected in 123 (36%) patients while rest 217 (64%) showed negative result on histopathology examination. Age of patients in both groups ranged from 40 to 62 years with mean 49.32+5.464 years. The CoP was detected in 55 out of 179 patients younger than 50 years and 68 out of 161 patients older than 50 years. Amongst the 123 patients having been detected CoP, 82 (67%) patients has PSA values ranging 6 to 10 ng/ml while just 41 (33%) has value of 4 to 5 ng/ml. The frequency of detection of CoP among patients having PSA values ranging from 4 to 10ng/ml. by TRUS guided eight core biopsy and fourteen core biopsy group is 17.35% and 18.82% respectively. Conclusion: There is no difference in the frequency of detection of CoP by TRUS guided fourteen core biopsy and eight core biopsy techniques.
Association of CK-19 with histopathological grading of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC).
Authors: Iqbal Waqas , Surwaich Arhamma , Channa Surwaich Ali , Memon Khalid Yousuf , Majid Abdul , Iqbal Zafar , Bukhari Naeem
Published: February 2021

Objectives: To correlate CK-19 with different histopathological gradings of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Methods: Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Outpatient, ISRA Dental College Hospital. Period: January 2014 to November 2019. Material & Methods: In current study 60 suspected patients of oral squamous cell carcinomas were enrolled for cancer diagnosis and histopathological evaluation. Incisional biopsy method was opted for tissue sample collection. Patients from both genders were tested for CK-19 at different histopathological gradings. Ethical approval was properly taken from Institutional review board and patients’ willingness to participate in the study was ensured. For statistical data analysis SPSS version 21.0 and Revman5.30 multiple tools were used. Results: Histopathological grading of sixty suspected cases of OSCCs was done into four different gradings which include, poorly differentiated, moderately differentiated, well differentiated and undifferentiated OSCCs. Fifty-two (87 %) of the included subjects were male, where only 8 patients were female. The mean age of female to male was (36.14 vs. 43.21 years).  Out of 12 positive cases of OSCCs. CK-19 was found positive in 10 cases (83.3%) in well differentiated Oral Squamous cell carcinomas, where only 2 cases (16 %) of moderately differentiated OSCCs were positive against CK-19. Conclusion: Our outcomes suggest CK-19 has strong association with well differentiated and moderately differentiated Oral Squamous cell carcinomas. We highly recommend further research standardizing CK-19 as a promising histopathological grading marker.
Bacterial infection in wheezy children.
Authors: Saleem Maria , Khurshid Asim , Khan Waqas Imran , Wajdan Amna
Published: February 2021

Objective: To determine the frequency of bacterial infection in children less than five years of age presenting with respiratory wheeze to Tertiary care centre. Study Design: Descriptive Case Series study. Setting: Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital and The Institute of Child Health, Multan. Period: November 2019 to April 2020. Material & Methods: A total of 130 children, presenting with respiratory symptoms were examined for presence of respiratory wheeze. After confirmation of chest auscultation, patients were enrolled. Information regarding duration of wheeze, axillary temperature, presence of chest in drawing and respiratory rate were recorded. Appropriate blood sample were drawn for total leukocyte count and differential leukocyte count from which absolute neutrophils count was calculated. Children were evaluated for the presence of bacterial infection as per operational definition. Results: There were 38 (29.23%) female and 92 (70.76%) male patients. Overall, mean age was13.17±5.49 with age range of 1-57 months. Bacterial infection was noted in 33 (25.38%) patients. Out of 130 patients presenting with wheeze, 50 patients (38.46%) had temperature range of 98.1-990F. Absolute neutrophil count was more than 5000/dl in 42(32.30%) patients, out of these 33(78.6%) had bacterial infection. Chest X-rays were showing infiltrates in 110 (84.6%) patients. Conclusion: Children suffering from wheeze have bacterial infection if age is less than five years and there is fever, crepitations, elevated absolute neutrophil count and radiographic evidence of pneumonia.
Efficacy of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir in treatment of chronic hepatitis C.
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Badar , Bashir Hafiz Bilal , Munir Mahpara
Published: February 2021

Objective: To determine the efficacy of sofosbuvir and velpatasvir in treatment of all genotypes of chronic HCV infection. Study Design: Descriptive Case study Setting: Department of Medicine Independent University Hospital Faisalabad. Period: December 2019 to May 2020. Material & Methods: Among patients of chronic hepatitis C presenting in the medical OPD of independent university hospital willing to participate, 80 were included in this study. They were given combination of sofosbuvir and velpatasvir 400/100 mg (FDC) once daily. They were monitored by serum ALT and PCR to HCV quantitative after one month and after three months. End point was undectable PCR to HCV Quantitative. We observed the number of patients achieving SVR after taking combination of sofosbuvir and velpatasvir. Results: In our study, out of 80 cases of chronic hepatitis c 40% (n=32) were male and 60% (n=48) were females, end result revealed 98.8% (n=79) achieved SVR and their PCR remained negative at the end of 03months and 1.3% (n=01) remained positive despite antiviral therapy for 03 months. Conclusion: We concluded that using fixed dose combination of sofosbuvir and velpatasvir achieve SVR of 98.8%.
Trans abdominal versus transvaginal ultrasound in assessment of polycystic ovary.
Authors: Kadri Shazia , Izhar Safia , Azeem Nazia , Rashid Sadia , Gudaro Zafreen Naz
Published: February 2021

Objective: The main objective of our study is to compare transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound in assessment of polycystic ovaries. Study Design: Cross Sectional Comparative study. Setting: Jinnah Medical College and Hospital Karachi. Period: January 2016 to January 2017. Material & Methods: 200 married females were selected with complaints of irregular menses, hirsutism, obesity and infertility and age group 18-45 years. Patients with already diagnosed polycystic ovaries or on hormonal treatment were excluded. Results: Out of 200 patients, 54 patient shows poly cystic ovaries both on trans abdominal and Trans vaginal ultrasound, 16 patients on Trans vaginal ultrasound only  but not on trans abdominal ultrasound in which 13 patients were very obese. Rest of the patients had normal ovaries on both types of ultrasound examinations. The prevalence of polycystic ovaries noted by transabdominal ultrasound is 27% (54/200) overall and by TVS ultrasound is 35% (70/200). Conclusion: PCOS is quite a common endocrine complaint. Our results suggest that prevalence of PCO is 27% by trans-abdominal u/s and 35% by TVS. The Mean volume of ovary is greater in women with polycystic ovaries but there is no significant difference seen in prevalence of polycystic ovaries diagnosed by both ultrasound examinations. Although it has been observed that TVS is better than transabdominal U/S in detection of PCO but our study shows that the two methods are almost analogous except in obese patient where TVS displayed better results.