bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Approach for Simulating Reinforced Concrete Walls in Quasi-static Loading
Authors: Benakli S. , Bouafia Y. , Oudjene M. , Benyahi K. , Hamri A.
Published: November 2020

The main objective of this article is to apply a simplified model to simulate the overall behavior of a reinforced concrete wall without the need to explicitly represent the reinforcing bars in the model nor the progressive degradations of the concrete in tension. The model takes into account the fictitious laws of the material, in order to estimate the capacity of the studied model and its performance to simulate the complex behavior of concrete. The law of the fictitious behavior of reinforced concrete tie rods is based on the shape of the adhesion curve between steel and concrete. Relationships covering the cracking stage up to the elastic limit of steel are proposed according to the properties of concrete and steel materials, the percentage of steel. An analytical computational model is then implemented in the Matlab programming language. Necessary transformations for the integration of the law of fictitious average behavior of steel in the Abaqus software were carried out thus making it possible to make a considerable advance from the point of view of validation of the developed law. The general formulation of the tension law applies to sections where the reinforcements are distributed so that the resistance of the entire section is mobilized. Hence the need to introduce an effective area around the rebars for the application of the fictitious tension law to reinforced concrete walls. Numerical simulations have been validated using an example of reinforced concrete wall subjected to a quasi-static loading. Load-displacement responses are compared and the numerical results approaches well the experimental one. By using the law of the fictitious diagram of the concrete and by defining the effective tensile zone of the wall, the model makes it possible to save a considerable time of calculation compared to a traditional calculation in EF on Abaqus. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091622 Full Text: PDF
Experimental Study on Bearing Capacity of Alkaline Activated Granular Asphalt Concrete Columns on Soft Soils
Authors: Erdawaty Erdawaty , Harianto Tri , Muhiddin A. B. , Arsyad Ardy
Published: November 2020

In civil engineering, alternative materials showed rapid progress. Asphalt derived from Buton Island in Indonesia, also known as Asbuton, was located in the limestone bedrock. A large deposit of Asbuton could guarantee the supply of alternative construction materials. In that regard, Asbuton performance as an alternative material to several subjects needs to be analyzed. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze Asbuton’s behavior as a filler in a floating column model as a soft soil improvement concept. Asbuton added to sand and gravel mixture as filler and waterglass as a binder. CBR samples were tested to acquire the optimum composition with varied curing days namely 0, 3, and 7 days, following ASTM D-1883, followed by a compressive column model test which was based on ASTM D-2166. Finally, the column applied to the soft soil layer to be tested in a loading test, and the results are then compared for each composition. The results showed that the granular material's composition including Asbuton, the waterglass content, and the curing period significantly affect the engineering properties of the artificial column. The results revealed that the granular column with Asbuton with the addition of waterglass could increase soil’s load capacity and reduce the settlement of soft soils. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091623 Full Text: PDF
The reality of teaching physics at the undergraduate level, and Development Horizons
Authors:   Professor of faculty member,  Zawia University, Libya., AlAlwani mohanad
Published: November 2020

This paper summarizes the reality of teaching physics at the undergraduate level, in light of the challenges of reality and the future and keeping pace with the scientific development that the science of physics is constantly witnessing, as it sheds light on this reality through some suggestions that would advance and develop the process of teaching physics at the university level and for specialists In this science, whether from a theoretical, practical or applied point of view, from a theoretical point of view, to use modern technologies and develop courses by keeping pace with the scientific developments in the advanced international universities. As for the practical aspect, the laboratories should have computers that are used to draw curves and extract the results, and that these laboratories should be equipped with all that is required for the experiments, and that the work of these experiments is linked after the theoretical lectures. As for the practical aspect, which includes complex problems, it is better to divide students into groups to solve those problems as it is in practical experiments, and to announce to students the questions that should be solved a week before so that they are aware of the scientific material and ready for it.
İklim Değişikliğinin Sürdürülebilir Hayvancılığa Etkileri
Authors: KOYUNCU Mehmet , NAGEYE Farida
Published: November 2020

İklim değişikliği sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın gerçekleşmesi karşısındaki en önemli problem olmanın yanında insanoğlunun geleceği için önemli bir tehdit unsurudur. Hayvansal üretim kapsamında özellikle de dünyanın beslenme ve geçim kaynakları noktasında hayati önem taşıyan bölgeler üzerinde geniş kapsamlı sonuçları olacaktır. Bu etkiler hayvancılık sistemlerinin savunmasızlığını arttırırken, kuraklık gibi olgular ortaya çıkacak streslerin etkilerini daha da kötüleştirebilir. İklim değişikliği ekosistemlere olan etkisinin yanında, hayvansal üretimin dayanağını oluşturan doğal kaynaklar üzerinde de önemli problemler oluşturması kaçınılmazdır. Sıcaklık ve yağış modelleri gibi klimatoloji özellikleri hayvanların yıl boyunca mera ve diğer kaynaklarının kullanılabilirliği üzerinde büyük etkiye sahiptir. Diğer taraftan hayvansal üretim faaliyetleri besin zincirinin önemli bir halkası olmasının yanında sera gazı emisyonlarına da önemli katkıda bulunmaktadır. Dünya hayvancılık sektörünün, özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde önümüzdeki yıllar içinde yaklaşık iki katına çıkması muhtemel olan yüksek et ve süt talebinin desteklendiği büyük bir dönüşüm yaşaması beklenmektedir. Hayvansal üretim, değersiz arazilerin kullanılması ile insanlar tarafından kullanılamayan enerji ve protein kaynaklarının yüksek oranda besleyici hayvansal kaynaklı gıdalara dönüştürülmesi, tarımsal yan ürünlerle çevre kirliliğinin azaltılması, gelir elde edilmesi ve geçim kaynaklarının desteklenmesi yoluyla tüm dünyada milyonlarca insanın sürdürülebilir yaşamına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile iklim değişikliğinin hayvancılık faaliyetleri ve hayvansal üretim üzerindeki etkileri ele alınmaya çalışılmıştır.
Broyler Karma Yemlerine İlave Edilen Kekik Yağı (Orıganum vulgare) ve Keçiboynuzu (Ceratonia siliqua l.) Karışımının Besi Performansı, Karkas Parametreleri ve Bazı İç Organ Ağırlıkları Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ŞAHİN Tarkan , ADIGÜZEL Ali , ÖLMEZ Mükremin , KARADAĞOĞLU Özlem
Published: November 2020

Amaç: Bu araştırma broyler karma yemlerine kekik yağı ve keçiboynuzu tozu karışımının besi performansı, karkas parametreleri ve bazı iç organ ağırlıkları üzerine etkisini belirlemek için yapılmıştır.Materyal ve Metot: Araştırmada, günlük yaşta 192 adet karışık cinsiyette civciv kullanılmıştır. Denemede 48’er civcivden oluşan 1 kontrol ve 3 adet deneme grubu olmak üzere toplam 4 grup oluşturulmuştur. Her grup 12’şerli 4 alt gruba ayrılmıştır. Çalışma toplam 42 gün sürdürülmüştür. Kontrol grubuna bazal rasyon verilirken, diğer üç deneme gruplarına sırasıyla kekik yağı ve keçiboynuzu tozu karışımı içeren rasyonlar verilmiştir (0.5, 1 ve 2 g/kg). Hayvanlara yem ve su ad-libitum sağlanmıştır. Gruplara 1-14. gün yapısında % 23 ham protein (HP) 3000 kcal/kg metabolik enerji (ME), 15- 28. Gün %21 HP 3100 kcal/kg ME ve 29- 42.gün % 20 HP 3200 kcal/kg ME içeren rasyonlar verilmiştir.Bulgular: Deneme sonunda, kontrol grubuna oranla deneme gruplarında canlı ağırlık (CA), canlı ağırlık artışı (CAA), yem tüketimi (YT), yemden yararlanma oranı (YYO), karkas ve iç organ ağırlıkları bakımından istatistiksel olarak farklılık bulunmamıştır (P >0.05).Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, kekik yağı ve keçiboynuzu tozu karışımının broyler karma yemlerinde 1 g/kg düzeyinde güvenli bir şekilde ilave edilebileceği kanaatine varılmıştır.
Pelatihan Komunikasi Daring yang Efektif bagi Anggota Asosiasi Pengusaha Patin UKM Indonesia
Authors: Amalia Maulana , Effendi Irzal
Published: November 2020

Catfish is a reigning top commodity both in the Indonesian market and overseas. Large-scale catfish farming companies have managed to communicate their products well, as evidenced by their effective online communication. However, that is not the case with small and medium-sized catfish farmers. Only some members of Asosiasi Pengusaha Patin/Catfish Indonesia (APCI) have successfully established online communication methods through websites and social media campaigns. This necessitates the rest of the members to be assisted in holding themselves up against tight competition especially in the global market through online communication training. This training program aims to raise awareness, knowledge, and understanding of the importance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) dabbling in catfish farming and production to display their products online. The methods used in this activity involve formulating initial research, designing the training materials and consultations, preparing the training program, and evaluating the program. This training program is successful in raising the awareness and understanding of the members of APCI and will be useful in further stages of implementation.
Pelatihan Teknis dalam Rangka Perbaikan Mutu Gula Semut di Kabupaten Tasikamaya
Authors: Muhandri Tjahya , Rifqi Didik M , Lestari Tutik , Widodo Slamet
Published: November 2020

Small and Medium Enterprises (SME’s) in Tasikmalaya District are still managed traditionally. SME’s has not implemented a standard process so that the final product has various qualities. This activity aims to provide training on brown sugar quality assurance, Good Manufacturing Processes (GMP), sanitation, as well as good practice of brown sugar making and the use of measuring tools to standardize the process. The training was carried out for five days in Sariwangi District, Tasikmalaya Regency with the target of 20 sugar entrepreneurs from 4 districts, namely Sariwangi, Culamega, Puspahiang, and Curug Gambir. The results showed that all participants did not yet have production facilities that met the GMP requirements, did not understand the meaning of quality assurance and the use of measuring instruments that supported the improvement of the quality of brown sugar. The post-test results showed an increase in the awareness of SMEs about quality assurance of brown sugar, as indicated by the rise in the test score from 31.39 to 49.72. Process improvements include improving the sap filtering, crystallization, and adding egg white to bind the impurities. The quality of post-training products has improved, especially in terms of cleanliness and brighter colors.
Evaluasi Pascapelatihan pada Kelompok Tani Hutan Pemegang Izin Perhutanan Sosial di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah Tahun 2019
Authors: Fauzi Amin
Published: November 2020

Social forestry is sustainable forest management system implemented by local communities of Forest Farmer Group (FFG) aiming to increase community welfare, environmental balance and social cultural dynamics. Environment and Forestry Training Center Kadipaten conducted training to support social forestry programs with on-site model and was held August‒October 2018 in West Java and Central Java. The post-training evaluation was conducted one year after the training finished from June‒August 2019. The post-training evaluation aims to assess the suitability of the training materials with the needs of the farming business and the benefits of the training on the farming business developed by KTH. Data collection is done through questionnaires and interviews. The data analysis used descriptive analysis. The evaluation results on several training, i.e measurement and participatory mapping of social forestry areas, agroforestry engineering, oyster mushroom cultivation, making, packaging and marketing of bokashi, and nature tour guide showed that aspects of the relevance of the training to the needs of farming businesses are in the medium to high categories. The benefits of training to the farming businesses are in the medium and high category. To improve the quality of the training process and results, it is necessary to conduct a more careful analysis of training needs so that the training program is in line with the needs of the target community.
Potensi diagnostik pencitraan ultrasonografi pada otot perineal sebagai sarana diagnosa penunjang kesehatan reproduksi sapi
Authors: Sari Yanti Hayanti  , Amrozi . , Aryogi . , Ulum Mokhamad Fakhrul
Published: November 2020

Otot perineal salah satu bagian tubuh yang dapat terpengaruh oleh perubahan pada organ yang disokongnya seperti ekor, kolon dan saluran reproduksi. Pendekatan diagnostik pada perubahan ini berpotensi sebagai teknik baru dalam penegakan diagnosa yang terukur pada ternak sapi. Pencitraan ultrasonografi otot perineal pada sapi dapat dikembangkan menjadi metode noninvasif dalam memantau perubahan yang terjadi pada saluran reproduksi. Ultrasonografi mode brightness dengan transduser linear berfrekuensi 5 MHz diposisikan pada otot perineal, yaitu otot coccygeus dan levator ani pada sudut pandang longitudinal dan transversal. Citra yang dihasilkan menampilkan variasi ekogenitas pada susunan jaringan kulit dan subkutan, otot coccygeus dan levator ani, dan peritoneum. Ukuran dan ekogenitas jaringan dapat diukur secara kuantitatif menggunakan perangkat lunak ImageJ.
İşin Anlamlılığının Sapma Davranışı ve Performansa Etkisi
Authors: EVCİMEN Ceren , ÇAKICI Ayşehan , ÇAKICI Celil
Published: November 2020

İş, bireylerin günlük yaşamının önemli bir parçasıdır. İşe; psikolojik, sosyolojik ve ekonomik açıdan çeşitli anlamlar yüklenebilmektedir. Bu kapsamda; işin anlamlılığının örgütsel sapma ve iş performansına etkisini ortaya koymak üzere bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Veriler, literatürden yararlanılarak geliştirilen bir anket ile toplanmıştır. Anket; aktif iş yaşamında olan bireylere, 2016 yılının Mayıs-Haziran aylarında kolayda örnekleme tekniği ile uygulanmıştır. Veriler, tanımlayıcı istatistiklerin yanı sıra, açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve yapısal modellemesi yoluyla analiz edilmiştir. İşin anlamlılığının iş performansını olumlu yönde etkilediği belirlenirken, üretime dönük ve kişilerarası sapma davranışını olumsuz yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Kişilerarası sapma davranışının iş performansı üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi yok iken, üretime dönük sapma davranışının iş performansını düşürdüğü ortaya çıkmıştır. Çalışma; çalışanların iş anlamlılığı algısını geliştirecek liderlik uygulamalarında bulunulması ve işyerindeki sapma davranışına karşı dikkatli olunması önerisi ile son bulmaktadır.
Pembenahan Tata Kelola Ikatan Ahli Boga Dewan Pengurus Cabang Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Hermanto Hermanto , Asmony Thatok , Basuki Prayitno
Published: November 2020

The activity of improving the governance of the Ikaboga Branch Management Board (DPC) of West Lombok Regency aims to provide knowledge for the administrators of the Ikaboga DPC, West Lombok Regency regarding good organizational governance. Another objective of this activity is to provide knowledge on how to compile financial reports, especially bookkeeping and provide training to make financial reports for administrators so that the organization becomes good governance. In the end, this activity is expected to provide an understanding for the administrators of the Ikaboga DPC, West Lombok Regency about how good governance and the administrators of the Ikaboga DPC in West Lombok Regency are able to manage finances and make financial reports so as to improve better governance. This training activity will be aimed at administrators of the Ikaboga DPC, West Lombok Regency. The implementation of activities is carried out with the approach of providing material relevant to improving governance.
Multidetector Pulsed-Neutron Tool Application in Low-Porosity Reservoir–A Case Study in Mutiara Field, Indonesia
Authors:   Halliburton, Wijaya Aditya Arie , Aulianagara Rama ,   Halliburton, Guo Weijun ,   Halliburton, Naibaho Fetty Maria ,   Pertamina Hulu Sanga-Sanga, Asriwan Fransiscus Xaverius ,   Pertamina Hulu Sanga-Sanga, Amirudin Usman ,   Pertamina Hulu Sanga-Sanga
Published: November 2020

In mature fields, pulsed-neutron logging is commonly used to solve for the remaining saturation behind the casing. For years, sigma-based saturation has been used to calculate gas saturation behind casing; however, the high dependency of sigma-to-water salinity of the formation, especially the low-dynamic range at porosity near 12 p.u., has proven to be challenging in low-porosity gas rock. A new measurement from the third detector from a multidetector pulsed-neutron tool (MDPNT) is proposed to provide a better estimation of the gas saturation in a low-porosity reservoir. Two sets of independently measured sigma and the third detector were taken in a casedhole well, with a dual-tubing system of a long string and short string. For the third-detector measurement, the measurement was based on the ratio of the slow capture gate and inelastic gate component from the decay curve created by the long detector. This ratio can be used to detect gas in a tight reservoir with a minimum salinity and lithology effect. This data will then be used to calculate the gas saturation from the third detector, and the result is compared to sigma-based gas saturation. At an interval where the porosity is above 12 p.u., the sigma-based gas saturation and MDPNT-based gas saturation are very much in agreement. However, in a low-porosity reservoir near 12 p.u. or below, the sigma-based measurement starts to show its limitation. Meanwhile, the MDPNT-based gas saturation clearly shows the remaining gas saturation where sigma-based measurements failed to detect it. The subsequent decision was made based on the log analysis result, and perforation was done at a potential interval based on the MDPNT result. The results from the production test confirm the MDPNT-based gas saturation with 700-Mscf/d gas production added. This study showcases a new technology to solve a low-porosity gas reservoir issue where a sigma-based measurement underestimates the remaining gas saturation. Using two different measurements in the same well, the results from the MDPNT measurement demonstrated a better result compared to the sigma-based measurement in low-porosity rock
Proposal of a new research construct in female entrepreneurship
Authors: Vadnjal Mateja , Vadnjal Jaka , Bernik Dermol Alenka
Published: November 2020

Entrepreneurship has been a gender-defined phenomenon for several decades. It has been presented as a typically male domain which for its demanding performance requires typical male characteristics. In this paper, we follow the suggestions of researchers of female entrepreneurs and focus on the research of three groups of female entrepreneurs. We propose that female entrepreneurs in different life stages have distinguished forms of human and social capital, and we apply the factors of those capitals to be measured. We observe the influence of parents, maternity as a metaphor for family involvement and family responsibilities, friends, and the broader environment on social capital. We discussed female entrepreneurship using two functions - as emotional support and incentives and as an instrumental social capital that provides access to information, resources and business partners. We added previous entrepreneurial experience, the level of education attained, business knowledge acquired at school and specific training, industry experience, previous managerial experience to the human capital function. With our model, we introduced the theory of life expectancy of women into entrepreneurship theory, which brings us closer to understanding the external influences on entrepreneurial aspirations and motivations of women of different ages.
How important is culture?
Authors: Gurashi Romina , Grippo Andrea
Published: November 2020

In a globalised world where competitiveness represents the keystone of modern capitalist society and thus of economic health and prosperity, knowledge and expertise express the very differentiating element between successful and unsuccessful economic performance. In a systemic perspective, the ever-changing character of our society imposes a continuous reorientation of the processes of knowledge transmission to tackle the increasing challenges posed by interrelated labour markets. In the academic field, this involves the use of multi- and transdisciplinary approaches in research and education. In the light of the assumption that the economy is not a self-standing subject but it dialectically interacts with the socio-cultural phenomena, the researchers will provide an in-depth analysis of the most recent data on the relationship between economics and culture. This article is the result of analytical research, conducted by using the mixed research methodology. The primary and secondary data are used, as well as do an extensive bibliographic research. The analysis offered is functional, in order to determine a correlation between economics and culture. By examining the specific outcome of the educational system, the researchers will give important insights into the capacity of the Italian educational system to address new needs of labour markets, i.e. to support the employment rate of recent graduates. This work further aims to verify the hypothesis of a positive correlation between economic performance and educational level. The main research limitation might be related to the fact that this study offers a national overview of the phenomenon, leaving aside any regional or local specificity. The original value of this work lays in the test of the theory recognizing a connection between changes in the labour market and in Italian educational system.
The Homeric Charioteer
Authors: Roos Paavo
Published: November 2020

The persons driving horses in Homer are rather numerous, especially on the battlefield but also on the racecourse and transport. They are usually called by name and although we are seldom informed about their social status, we can see that they often belong to the same class as the warriors. On the battlefield, they live a dangerous life and are often more liable to be killed than the warriors. Keywords: Homer, charioteer, chariot, horse-race
Yaşlılarda Farmakolojik Olmayan Uygulamalar ve Etkisinin İncelenmesine Yönelik Türkiye’deki Mevcut Tezlerin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Özdil Kamuran , Muz Gamze , Küçük Öztürk Gülhan
Published: November 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma, yaşlılarda kullanılan farmakolojik olmayan uygulamalar ve bu uygulamaların hangi semptomlar üzerinde kullanıldığını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı tipte yapılmıştır. Veri toplama aşamasında; Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi Veri Tabanı’na “geriatri”, “müzik”, “refleksoloji”, “akupres”, “masaj”, “aromaterapi” “tamamlayıcı”, “alternatif tedaviler” anahtar kelimeleri yazılarak belirlenen tezler araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Türkiye’de yaşlılarda farmakolojik olmayan uygulamalara ve uygulanan semptomların etkisine yönelik toplam 33 teze ulaşılmıştır. Yedi tezin tam metnine ulaşılamadığı için kapsam dışı bırakılmış ve toplam 26 tez değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Bu çalışmada incelenen tezlerin çoğunluğu hemşirelik alanında yürütülmüştür. Farmakolojik olmayan yöntemler ile ilgili tezlerin; %53.8’i doktora, %46.2’si yüksek lisans tezidir. Farmakolojik olmayan uygulamaların yaşlılarda; anksiyete, uyku ve yaşam kalitesi, ağrı, yalnızlık, yorgunluk, depresyon ve konstipasyon üzerine olumlu etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Yaşlılara uygulanan farmakolojik olmayan yöntemlerin birçok semptomun yönetiminde etkili olduğu görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak, alana daha fazla kanıt sağlayacak multidisipliner ve randomize kontrollü çalışmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.
Kadınların Meme ve Serviks Kanserinin Erken Tanısına Yönelik Sağlık İnançlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kulakçı Altıntaş Hülya , Korkmaz Aslan Gülbahar
Published: November 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma, kadınların meme ve serviks kanserinin erken tanısına yönelik sağlık inançlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla yürütüldü.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte bir araştırmadır. Araştırma grubunu, Zonguldak İl Merkezindeki dört Aile Sağlığı Merkezine başvuran 500 kadın oluşturdu. Verilerin toplanmasında Bilgi Formu, Champion Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeği ve Servikal Kanserin Erken Tanısına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği kullanıldı. Verilerin analizinde sayı ve yüzde değerleri, Mann Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis-H testi ve Bonferroni düzeltmeli Mann Whitney U analizi ile değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Kadınların meme kanseri erken tanısına yönelik önemseme, sağlık motivasyonu, yarar ve öz-etkililik algılarının orta, duyarlılık ve engel algılarının düşük düzeyde olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca, kadınların serviks kanseri erken tanısına yönelik önemseme, engel ve genel algılarının orta, duyarlılık ve yarar algılarının düşük düzeyde olduğu tespit edildi.
Sonuç: Meme ve serviks kanseri erken tanı davranışlarının kazandırılmasında kadınların sağlık inançlarının ve sağlık inançlarını etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi önemlidir.
Making a good mental health diagnosis: Science, art and ethics
Authors: Stone Louise , Waldron Elizabeth , Nowak Heather
Published: November 2020

Background There are limitations to psychiatric classification, which affects the utility of diagnosis in general practice. Objective The aim of this article is to explore the principles of science, art and ethics to create clinically useful psychiatric diagnoses in general practice. Discussion Psychiatric classification systems provide useful constructs for clinical practice and research. Evidence-based treatments are based on the classification of mental illnesses. However, while classification is necessary, it is not sufficient to provide a full understanding of ‘what is going on’. A good psychiatric diagnosis will also include a formulation, which provides an understanding of the psychosocial factors that provide a context for illness. Experiences such as trauma and marginalisation will change the illness experience but also provide other forms of evidence that shape therapy. Diagnoses also carry ethical implications, including stigma and changes in self‑concept. The science, art and ethics of diagnosis need to be integrated to provide a complete assessment.
TAL1 is differentially expressed in the primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: November 2020

Trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeted against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is utilized for the treatment of human breast cancer (1, 2), but a complete understanding of how tumor signal transduction is modulated by trastuzumab treatment is lacking. By mining published and public microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) from the primary tumors of patients treated with trastuzumab, we found that the transcription factor TAL1 was among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients treated with trastuzumab. TAL1 messenger RNA expression was markedly enhanced in the primary tumors of patients treated with trastuzumab. Thus, trastuzumab treatment in patients with breast cancer is associated with increased expression, in primary tumors of the breast, of a transcription factor whose activation by mutation results in development of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (5-8).
Refuting the ideas advocated by Yuly et al. (PNAS, Sep. 2020): ‘Universal free energy landscapes’ and ‘deterministic electron-relay circuitry’ are unsustainable within membrane-embedded cytochrome b protein complexes involved in bioenergetic routines
Authors: Manoj Kelath Murali , Gideon Daniel Andrew , Parashar Abhinav
Published: November 2020

This communication discusses the interactions/outcomes of isoprenoid quinones/quinols (Q/QH2) and membrane-bound cytochromes involved in bioenergetic routines. Particularly, we use qualitative and quantitative arguments to counter the idea that highly deterministic electron relays are triggered within Complex III of mitochondria, resulting from the donation of two electrons by QH2 (Yuly et al., PNAS, 2020). In this regard, we propose that murburn concept explains the role(s) of membrane-embedded Q/QH2 in vital metabolic processes such as mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and chloroplastid/cyanobacterial photophosphorylations (PhotoPhos), without invoking highly fastidious universal free energy landscapes or deterministic electron circuitry.
CAS - German Cultured Meat Nomenclature
Authors: Janat Carolina , Bryant Christopher John
Published: November 2020

1. This study aimed to investigate consumer acceptance of cultured meat in Germany, and in particular to assess potential names which could be used to refer to the product in German.2. In two studies, we first identified minimally viable names, and then tested four names experimentally in a larger sample.3. We found overall high acceptance for cultured meat in Germany - of a representative sample (n= 1,206), 60% said they would try cultured meat and 35% said they would buy it.4. Consumers rated cultured meat highly in terms of its benefits for animals and the environment, but were unsure on safety and nutrition, and rated it low on naturalness andaffordability.5. Four tested names (kultiviertes Fleisch, kultiviertes Protein, Fleisch aus Zellkultur, and zellbasiertes Fleisch) showed no significant differences in terms of willingness to eat. A range of names are appealing to consumers in Germany, including a non-meat name (cultured protein).
Murburn model of mitochondrial aerobic respiration is robust in comparison to the ‘chemiosmotic rotary or two-ion torsional’ ATP-synthesis proposals
Authors: Gideon Daniel Andrew
Published: November 2020

One of the most fundamental questions in biology pertains to how mechano-chemical energy is derived from metabolic fuels. In particular, how oxidation of NADH is linked to ATP synthesis in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (mOxPhos) has been a topic of intense debate. Together, the Peter Mitchell-Paul Boyer proposals for mOxPhos are termed herein as “chemiosmotic rotary ATP synthesis” (or CRAS) model, which was recently defended/advocated by Pedro Silva in Biophysical Chemistry . Over the last two decades, Sunil Nath had questioned some aspects of the CRAS proposal, and made subtle alterations on the roles of Complex V and ions within the reaction scheme, and continues to advocate his framework as “two-ion torsional ATP synthesis” (abbreviated herein as TITAS) model in Biophysical Chemistry . Kelath Murali Manoj had revisited the data on the respiratory machinery’s structures/distributions and based on two-decades of evidence-based experimental research in redox enzymology of heme/flavin proteins, had formulated the murburn model for mOxPhos. In this work, the ETC-CRAS hypothesis and its off-shoot, the TITAS proposal, are questioned in the light of the convincing chemicophysical logic provided by the murburn hypothesis.
Factors Affecting the Performance in the Implementation of Government Building Construction Projects: A Case Study in Bole Sub- City of Addis Ababa
Authors: Molla Serkalem , Quezon Emer , Mekonnen Eyob , Ararsa Woyesa , Gudissa Dumesa , Tibebu Anteneh
Published: November 2020

Building project implementation has so many issues and complex performance, such as time, cost, quality, and safety. This study identified and assessed the essential factors influencing the implementation of public building projects, particularly in the Bole Sub-city of Addis Ababa. There were 46 factors identified, validated, and divided into 9 categories. Questionnaires are distributed to 120 respondents, of which 8 for owners, 25 for consultants, 86 for contractors, and one head of the office. The key factors decided upon were: liquidity of the organization, improved availability of commodity prices for people with high experience and expertise, and the quality of equipment and raw materials in the project. The agreement between the parties on the ranking of factors was calculated based on their Relative Importance Index. Besides, the value of the Cronbach’s Alpha for variables calculated above 0.7, which means the data and scale are reliable and accepted for further analysis to correlate the different groups of factors. Results showed that cost, time, quality, productivity, and customer satisfaction are the top five essential factors affecting the performance of the government public building in the study area.
Effect of Partial Replacement of Crushed Stone Dust Filler with Waste Glass Powder in Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete Production
Authors: Kifile Destaw , Quezon Emer , Tesfaye Abel
Published: November 2020

The use of waste recycled materials in road construction nowadays considered a positive means of providing improved pavement performance. This research focused on evaluating the effect of waste glass powder as a partial replacement of crushed stone dust filler in hot mix asphalt. Three hot mix asphalt samples produced using crushed stone dust of 5%, 6.5%, and 8% as mineral filler with five different bitumen content of 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, and 6%, respectively. From the preliminary series tests of asphalt contents, a 6.5% crushed stone dust filler selected, providing the highest stability of waste glass powder. The content of crushed stone dust filler replaced with a rate of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% to test Marshal stability to obtain the Optimum bitumen content and Optimum filler content. Results indicated at 75% replacement of crushed stone dust with waste glass powder at 5.10% bitumen content, 12.0kN Marshall stability value, 2.84mm Flow value, 4.0% Air voids, 72.3% VFB, and 2.360g/cm3 Bulk density. Hence, the mixture of 75% waste glass powder by weight of crushed stone dust filler meets the minimum requirements of the Ethiopian Road Authority and Asphalt Institute Specifications.
Spatial Variation of Caste/Ethnic Poverty in Mountain Districts of Nepal: An Approximation through Small Area Estimation Technique
Authors: Suwal Bhim Raj
Published: November 2020

Nepal is a multi-ethnic and multi-cultural society where economic condition of various caste/ethnic groups substantially varies. However, adequate attention has not been paid to estimate the level of monetary poverty of various caste/ethnicities and assess how people of the same caste/ethnicity living in different locations (districts) vary in terms of monetary poverty. Focusing only on mountain belt, which is one of the economically poorest areas of the country, this study aims to estimate incidence of monetary poverty for major caste/ethnicities living in the mountain districts with the help of small area estimation (SAE) technique and assess spatial variation in the incidence of monetary poverty of the same caste/ethnic group living along the east-west continuum of the mountain districts. Required data for SAE is derived from Nepal Living Standard Survey (2010/11) and 2011 population census of Nepal. The study shows that, compared to other districts, three eastern mountain districts (Province 1) (Taplejung, Sankhuwasabha, and Solukhumbu) have lowest incidence of poverty for all the caste/ethnicities with much lower incidence in three socioeconomically advanced hill caste groups. Incidence of poverty tends to increase sharply along the east to west continuum of mountain districts with exceptionally high poverty rates for Dalits in the far western mountain districts (Province 7). Some culturally similar caste/ethnic groups follow almost similar pattern of increase in the incidence of poverty along the east-west continuum of the mountain districts and form districts of clusters in each region with similar level of poverty.
Decentralization of Education in Nepal: A Rein in a Horse Nose
Authors: Hamal Sanjay
Published: November 2020

The main argument of this article is to shed light on the dubious nature of the decentralization policy of education and the 'intention' of the state to recentralize it, in one way or other, despite the widespread clatter of decentralization. By taking policy documents into account, I intend to justify my claim that what the Nepal government calls it, an educational decentralization, is nothing but policy rhetoric and a reign hold tactically at the centre. I claim what the state calls it as an autonomous power of ground-level functionaries to exercise their discretionary in decentralized education system instead is, 'a rein in a horse nose', where jockey (the centre) is 'always' in a commanding position. To expatiate educational decentralization, I employ Weiler's (1990) standpoint and juxtapose his arguments: redistributing power, enhancing efficiency, and improving learning to show that though these arguments are put in favour of decentralization, the same arguments are shown to conflict with powerful forces favouring centralization. I also focus on the context and motivation in which the educational decentralization was carried out to understand the egression of decentralization in education in Nepal. In the final section, I try to analyse the dubious tendency of the state and try to explore, 'why despite prioritizing decentralization in policies, there is a periodicity of higher bodies in the education system'.
Human Security-Informed Policing in Nepal: An Impetus to Building Sense of Security in the Community
Authors: KC Manoj Kumar
Published: November 2020

Nepal police, being a primary security agency in protecting the safety and security of the people, has dabbled with different approaches to policing butte law and order model has been dominant. But it is equally important to have an evidence base for how policing should be in line with the requirements of the citizens, as supported by overall national development goals. Research findings show that the sense of security is sponge-like: an integrated phenomenon where crime as well as contrasting security behaviour like the sense of alienation, discrimination, low trust and confidence, and non-cooperative attitude, all absorb and influence how levels of the sense of security are constructed. The research highlighted the five basic security pillars, namely: level of income, level of understanding, conditions to daily life, police performance, and the partnership of security practice. The human security aspects directly related to security were identified as employment as it relates to the level of income; an education which relates to the level of understanding, and the condition of daily life as it relates to the availability of essential goods and access to basic services. Each condition differently has effects in contributing to how security is felt and experienced. Here, human security is explored both conceptually and in practical terms to enhance security from a policing perspective and Human Security informed Policing model offer recommendations to build a sense of security in the community.
Mediation Practices in Post-Conflict Situation in Nepal: The Way Forward
Authors: Pant Sambid Bilas
Published: November 2020

This paper aims to critically examine the increasing role of community mediation in the post-conflict situation in Nepal. The practice of community mediation at the professional level is in a preliminary stage in Nepal. Regardingthe peace settlement process and the state of community mediation in different countries, various efforts have been made in Nepal regarding community mediation. The country is gradually advancing towards community mediation practices in ensuring access to justice. Community mediation has been practiced for resolving disputes or conflict through the judicial committees (JCs) formed under the local government. The practices of conflicts or disputes resolution through community mediation have begun in Nepal at the individual or family level, school or community level, or at workplace. It is, therefore, vital to prevent the recurrence of conflicts or disputes through community mediation to ensure sustainable peace. Various efforts have been made to build the capacity of individuals and agencies to settle disputes and to ensure mutual trust and cooperation in Nepal. In the changing context, confronting COVID 19, building awareness, providing education and training to the mediators for community mediation is vital to execute JC practice in Nepal. Community mediation as an important aspect in ensuring sustainable peace in the spirit of the local government act is, therefore, very essential in Nepal.
PERAN TERNAK BABI SEBAGAI BIO-TILLAGE SYSTEMS PADA LAHAN KEBUN DALAM BUDAYA BERTANI MASYARAKAT ARFAK, PAPUA BARAT
Authors: Monim Hanike , Nurhayati Dwi , Trirbo Darius , Baaka Alnita , Yaku Alexander , Iyai Deny Anjelus , Taberima Sartji , Sangkek Miksen
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAKMengetahui seberapa jauh aplikasi penggunaan ternak babi dalam kebun masyarakat Arfak di Pegunungan Arfak penting untuk dipelajari karena Arfak memiliki kondisi agroekologi penting. Masyarakat Arfak memiliki kearifan dalam bertani serta  memiliki hubungan yang dekat dengan ternak babi. Hasil tinjauan di lapang dan referensi menunjukkan bahwa ternak babi relatif masih digunakan pada lahan pertanian atau kebun keluarga masyarakat Arfak sebagai hewan penggembur tanah (soil dozer). Ternak babi, kebun dan masyarakat Arfak saling berinteraksi dengan memberikan peranan kepada masing-masing komponen. Kelebihan ternak babi sebagai penggembur tanah kebun biologis mampu membantu petani orang Arfak. Terdapat 7 keunggulan penggunaan ternak babi dalam kebun. Namun jumlah ternak yang dapat dimasukkan serta sejauhmana kinerja ternak babi dalam setiap luasan lahan secara ekonomis, ekologis dan sosiologis masih harus dikaji secara intensif. ABSTRACTKnowing how far the application of pig farming in Arfak people 's gardens in the Arfak Mountains is important to learn because Arfak has important agro ecological conditions, the Arfak people have wisdom in farming and have a close relationship with pigs. The results of the review in the field and references show that the pigs are relatively still used on agricultural land or Arfak people's family farms as soil dozers. Pigs and gardens and Arfak people interact with each other by providing service to each component. The advantages of pigs as biological gardeners are able to help Arfak farmers. There are 7 benefits of using pigs as bio-tillage inside Arfak household gardens. However, the number of livestock that can be included and the extent to which the performance of pigs in each area of land economically, ecologically and sociologically, must still be studied intensively.
Health effects of aqua fitness on the body of women of the first mature age
Authors: Hakman Anna , Duditska Svitlana , Slobozhaninov Andriy , Kovtun Olha
Published: November 2020

Purpose: to identify the health effects of aquafitness on physiological parameters of women of the first mature age. The following research methods were used to solve the tasks set in the work: theoretical analysis and generalization of data of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical methods; anthropometric research methods; physiological methods (vital index, strength index, Robinson index, Stange test, Genchi test, Kerdo index, Rufier test, index of functional changes (Kettle index); methods of mathematical statistics. We checked the statistical significance of the difference between the indicators before and after the experiment using nonparametric Wilcoxon criteria (p≤0.05), which were used to establish the shifts of the corresponding indicators. The research was conducted on the basis of the fitness club "Sport Live" in Chernivtsi. The transformation experiment involved 24 women aged 21-31 years. Classes were held in accordance with our comprehensive aqua fitness program, which is designed for 6 months. Class duration is 60-80 minutes, three times a week. The program developed by us included exercises from the arsenal of aqua stretching, hydroshaping, aquadance, aquarism, aqua building, aqua taibo. Results. The data obtained on the somatic health of women aged 21-31 years show a significant improvement in the results (p≤0.05) of anthropometry, the functional state of the cardiovascular, respiratory system, autonomic nervous system, physical condition and performance. During the conversion experiment, the following indicators improved: life index from 45.96 ± 4.69 to 48.88 ± 0.68; power index from 35.80 ± 1.07 to 43.26 ± 0.71; Robinson's index from 85.72 ± 12.34 to 89.63 ± 10.11; barbell samples from 30. 28 ± 10.32 to 37.78 ± 12.34; Genchi samples from 16.48 ± 4.24 to 25.19 ± 4.58; Kerdo index from 5.23 ± 10.16 to 0.86 ± 8.34; Rufier's test from 12.21 ± 4.26 to 8.03 ± 2.14. Conclusions. The effectiveness of the aqua fitness program for women of the first adult age is confirmed by the results of positive changes in body weight, improvement of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of the body. The proposed program of classes provides optimization of the level of physical, functional and mental condition, solving problems of correction and prevention of functional disorders in health and allows to meet the needs for leisure, recreation and self- improvement of women of the first mature age.
An example of the standard "Regional regulation on the best sports community"
Authors: Dorofieieva Tetiana
Published: November 2020

The article raises the problem of strengthening the health and improving the physical condition of children, and also scientifically substantiates the need to improve the physical development of rural youth. The methodology prepared by us for the development of the regional standard of position for the title of the best sports community, which should carefully take into account the regional specifics of the corresponding region, together with the submitted structure of indicators of the position for the best sports community of the Dnipropetrovsk region, should be considered the developed standard of the regional council's administrative impact on the development of sports in the united territorial community. In substantiating the content of the indicators, the necessity of introducing into the content of those indicators has been proved, which are basic, from the point of view of the results of activity in the field of physical culture and sports, and auxiliary, which create sufficient conditions for the development of physical culture and sports. So, the block of important auxiliary indicators in the standard includes: financial resources; ensuring favorable material and technical conditions for the development of sports; provision of sports personnel; - organizational measures for the development of sports. The block of actual results of activity in physical culture and sports includes: - mass physical culture and sports and physical culture and health improvement work; development of effective sports and preparation of sports reserves. The study made it possible to determine the objectively existing requirements for the content of the indicators of the standard "Regional regulation on the best sports community" in terms of stimulating both physical culture and health-improving and sports work in the united territorial communities among children and youth.