bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contrasting decadal trends of subsurface excess nitrate in the western and eastern North Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Yang Jin-Yu Terence , Lee Kitack , Zhang Jia-Zhong , Moon Ji-Young , Lee Joon-Soo , Han In-Seong , Lee Eunil
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Temporal variations in excess nitrate (DINxs) relative to dissolved
inorganic phosphorus (DIP) were evaluated using datasets derived from
repeated measurements along meridional and zonal transects in the upper
(200–600 m) North Atlantic (NAtl) between the 1980s and 2010s. The analysis
revealed that the DINxs trend in the western NAtl differed from that in
the eastern NAtl. In the western NAtl, which has been subject to atmospheric
nitrogen deposition (AND) from the USA, the subsurface DINxs
concentrations have increased over the last 2 decades. This increase was
associated with the increase in AND measured along the US East Coast, with a
mean lag period of 15 years. This time lag was approximately equivalent to
the time elapsed since the subsurface waters in the western NAtl were last
in contact with the atmosphere (the ventilation age), suggesting a major
role for a physical mechanism in transporting the AND signals to the
subsurface. Our finding provides evidence that the DINxs dynamics in
the western NAtl in recent years has been affected by anthropogenic nitrogen
inputs, although this influence is weak relative to that in the western North
Pacific. In contrast, a decreasing trend in subsurface DINxs was
observed after the 2000s in the eastern NAtl, particularly in the high
latitudes. This finding was not associated with the comparable decrease in
AND from Europe. Other natural processes (a possible decline in tropical
N2 fixation and weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning
circulation) may be responsible, but lack of time-resolved data on
N2 fixation and meridional circulation is an impediment to assessment
of these processes. Our results highlight the importance of both
anthropogenic and natural forcing in impacting the nutrient dynamics in the
upper NAtl.
Diets of the Barents Sea cod from the 1930s to the present day
Authors: Townhill Bryony L. , Holt Rebecca E. , Bogstad Bjarte , Durant Joël M. , Pinnegar John K. , Dolgov Andrey V. , Yaragina Natalia A. , Johannesen Edda , Ottersen Geir
Published: July 2020

Abstract. A new dataset on the diet of Atlantic cod in the Barents Sea from the 1930s to the present day has been compiled, to produce one of the largest fish diet datasets available globally. Atlantic cod is one of the most ecologically and commercially important fish species in the North Atlantic. The stock in the Barents Sea is by far the largest, as a result of both successful management and favourable environmental conditions since the early 2000s. As a top predator, cod plays a key role in the Barents Sea ecosystem. The species has a broad diet consisting mainly of crustaceans and teleost fish, and both the amount and type of prey vary in space and time. The data, from Russia, Norway and the United Kingdom, represents quantitative stomach contents records from more than 400,000 fish, and qualitative data from 2.5 million fish. Much of the data is from joint collaborative surveys between Norway and Russia. The sampling was done throughout each year allowing for seasonal, annual and decadal comparisons to be made. Visual analysis shows cod diets have changed considerably from the start of the dataset in the 1930s to the present day. There was a large proportion of herring in the diets in the 1930s, whereas in more recent decades, capelin, invertebrates and other fish dominate. There are also significant interannual asynchronous fluctuations in prey, particularly capelin and euphausiids. Combining these datasets can help us understand how the environment and ecosystems are responding to climatic changes, and what influences the diet and prey switching of cod. Trends in temperature and variability indices can be tested against the occurrence of different prey items, and the effects of fishing pressure on cod and prey stocks on diet composition could be investigated. The dataset will also enable us to improve parametrisation of food web models, and to forecast how Barents Sea fisheries may respond in the future, to management and to climate change. The Russian data is available through joint projects with Polar branch of VNIRO. The UK and Norwegian data (Townhill et al., 2020) is being released with this paper at https://doi.org/10.21335/NMDC-2139169383.
A spatially-explicit approach to simulate urban heat islands in complex urban landscapes
Authors: Bosch Martí , Locatelli Maxence , Hamel Perrine , Remme Roy P. , Chenal Jérôme , Joost Stéphane
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Mitigating urban heat islands has become an important objective for many cities experiencing heat waves. Despite notable progress, the spatial relationship between land use/land cover patterns and the distribution of air temperature remains poorly understood. This article presents a reusable computational workflow to simulate the spatial distribution of air temperature in urban areas from their land use/land cover data. The approach employs the InVEST urban cooling model, which estimates the cooling capacity of the urban fabric based on three biophysical mechanisms, i.e., tree shade, evapotranspiration and albedo. An automated procedure is proposed to calibrate the parameters of the model to best fit air temperature observations from monitoring stations. In a case study in Lausanne, Switzerland, spatial estimates of air temperature obtained with the calibrated model show that the urban cooling model outperforms spatial regressions based on satellite data. This represents two major advances in urban heat island modeling. First, unlike in black-box approaches, the calibrated parameters of the urban cooling model can be interpreted in terms of the physical mechanisms that they represent and can therefore help understanding how urban heat islands emerge in a particular context. Second, the urban cooling model requires only land use/land cover and reference temperature data and can therefore be used to evaluate synthetic scenarios such as master plans, urbanization prospects, and climate scenarios. The proposed approach provides valuable insights into the emergence of urban heat islands which can serve to inform urban planning and assist the design of heat mitigation policies.
Interacting effects of land-use change, natural hazards and climate change on rice agriculture in Vietnam
Authors: Yuen Kai Wan , Hanh Tang Thi , Quynh Vu Duong , Switzer Adam D. , Teng Paul , Lee Janice Ser Huay
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Vietnam is a major rice producer and much of the rice grown is concentrated in the Red River Delta (RRD) and the Mekong River Delta (MRD). While the two mega-deltas are highly productive regions, they are vulnerable to natural hazards and the effects of human related environmental change. The natural hazards that affect Vietnam include typhoons, floods and droughts while the major anthropogenic developments happening in Vietnam include dike development, sand mining, dam construction and groundwater extraction. Outbreaks of pests and diseases are also common. Although there is a substantial volume of work investigating the environmental impacts of these natural hazards and anthropogenic interventions, few studies have examined the implications of these on food security. To show that the processes and issues affecting food security are reinforcing and interdependent, we used a systems thinking approach to represent the ways in which natural hazards, anthropogenic land-use and climate change affect rice production in the two mega-deltas. A key finding is that anthropogenic developments meant to improve agricultural productivity or increase economic development create many unwanted environmental consequences such as an increase in flooding, saltwater intrusion and land subsidence which in turn create other negative feedbacks on rice production and quality. In addition, natural hazards may amplify the problems created by human activities. In future, besides creating new environmental threats, climate change may exacerbate the effects of natural hazards by increasing the frequency and severity of natural disasters. Our meta-analysis highlights the ways in which a systems thinking approach can yield more nuanced perspectives to tackle complex and interrelated environmental challenges. Given that mega-deltas worldwide are globally significant for food production and are highly stressed and degraded landscapes, a systems thinking approach can be applied to provide a holistic and contextualized overview of the threats faced in each location.
Real-time optimization of wind farms using modifier adaptation and machine learning
Authors: Andersson Leif Erik , Imsland Lars
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Coordinated wind farm control takes the interaction between turbines into account and improves the performance of the overall wind farm. Accurate surrogate models are the key to model-based wind farm control. In this article a modifier adaptation approach is proposed to improve surrogate models. The approach exploits plant measurements to estimate and correct the mismatch between the surrogate model and the actual plant. Gaussian process regression, which is a probabilistic nonparametric modeling technique, is used in the identification of the plant–model mismatch. The efficacy of the approach is illustrated in several numerical case studies. Moreover, challenges in applying the approach to a real wind farm with a truly dynamic environment are discussed.
Reframing the Blues as a Performance Strategy in after august
Authors: Green Omiyẹmi Artisia
Published: July 2020

An analysis and review of Patrick Maley’s after august regarding the topic of blues and how the subject is used in a variety of methods associated with August Wilson’s American Century Cycle and other related works.
Conhecimento sobre doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica em pacientes de diferentes níveis de atividade física
Authors: Souza Hortência Vilione Pereira de , Garcia Rejanny Duque Thomaz , Rabahi Marcelo Fouad , Corrêa Krislainy de Sousa
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e comparar o nível de conhecimento sobre a doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica em indivíduos ativos, sedentários e severamente inativos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com indivíduos com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada uma ficha de avaliação clínica, o Bristol COPD Knowledge Questionnaire e pedômetros (contador de passos). Foram avaliados 75 indivíduos, 70,7% são severamente inativos. Verificou-se um baixo nível de conhecimento sobre a doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (48,51 ± 9,08%), e constatou que indivíduos ativos, sedentários e severamente inativos apresentam o nível de conhecimento sobre a doença semelhante (50,19 ± 11,18% vs 46,48 ± 8,16% vs 48,79 ± 9,06 %, p=0,68). Conclui-se, portanto, que indivíduos com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica ativos, sedentários e severamente inativos apresentam conhecimento semelhante e reduzido sobre a doença.

Descritores: Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica; Exercício Físico; Conhecimento.
Fragilidades e potencialidades vivenciadas pela equipe de saúde no processo de transplante de órgãos: revisão integrativa
Authors: Senna Carla Vieira Amante , Martins Tatiana , Knihs Neide da Silva , Magalhães Aline Lima Pestana , Paim Sibele Maria Schuantes
Published: July 2020

Avaliar as fragilidades e potencialidades vivenciadas pelos profissionais das unidades de pacientes críticos frente às etapas do processo de doação de órgãos. Revisão integrativa, desenvolvida em seis bases de dados, entre 2015 e 2020, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. Foram selecionados 15 artigos. As informações foram agrupadas em duas categorias temáticas: conhecimento da equipe no processo de doação; complexidade do processo de doação de órgãos: aspectos emocionais nesse processo. As evidências apontam como principais fragilidades a pouca capacitação da equipe e estrutura das organizações de saúde. Quanto às potencialidades, destacam-se o reconhecimento das etapas e dos critérios para o diagnóstico de morte encefálica e a certificação do direito da família em receber informações sobre todas as etapas do processo de doação. Frente aos achados, a promoção de ações de educação permanente surge como estratégia efetiva para aprimorar a prática clínica neste processo.

Descritores: Obtenção de Tecidos e Órgãos; Transplante; Cuidados Críticos; Equipe de Assistente ao Paciente; Enfermagem.
Nursing Course on Drug Addiction and its Effects on Beliefs and Intentions: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Villegas-Pantoja Miguel Ángel , Méndez-Ruiz Martha Dalila , Valle-Alonso María de Jesús De , García-Perales Laura Alicia
Published: July 2020

Objective: To determine the impact of a course aimed at the care of persons with drug dependence on the beliefs and intentions of drug use among bachelor nursing students.

Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental study conducted with a non-equivalent comparison group composed of 210 Mexican students of both sexes. Two Likert-type instruments were used to measure the beliefs and intentions of drug use, before and after a semester-long course.

Results: At the end of the study, a significant interaction was found (F = 3.56, p = 0.050, η2p = 0.025), which suggests a greater decrease in beliefs in favor of drug use among students who took the course on drug addiction. Regarding drug use intentions, a general decrease was observed in the entire sample (F = 10.13, p = 0.002, η2p = 0.059).

Conclusions: Courses on the care of drug addiction can have beneficial effects on nursing students by modifying beliefs and intentions to carry out unhealthy behaviors such as the use of substances. These results demand to verify if the effects remain beyond the completion of university education.
Necessary Information for the Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Integrative Review
Authors: Weissheimer Gisele , Santana Julia Mazul , Ruthes Victória Beatriz Trevisan Nóbrega Martins , Mazza Verônica De Azevedo
Published: July 2020

Objective: To identify the available evidence on the necessary information for the families of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

Method: An integrative literature review carried out in six databases with specific descriptors for each one. Studies published on the theme between January 2014 and February 2020 available in full and free of charge were selected. For synthesis and analysis of data, thematic categorization was performed. 41 articles were included.

Results: Two thematic categories were obtained. In the first category (“need for information”), the families’ lack of knowledge about ASD (treatment, how to deal with the child’s behavior, and future perspectives), rights of the child with ASD, and resources to obtain information were identified. The second category (“information support sources accessed by the families”) comprised informal sources (family members, friends, neighbors, and parents of children with ASD), formal sources (professionals and institutions), the Internet, and other resources (books, workshops, podcasts). Positive and negative aspects were found in the use of these sources.

Conclusions: A pattern of information requested by the family was verified, as well as sources used to obtain it. These data are relevant to support the organization of sources of informational support for the families and the community.
Migration and Employment Policy and Their Impact on Social Integration: Evidence From Nigeria
Authors: Olaiya Taiwo A.
Published: July 2020

Scholars have long sought answers for the socio-economic and political discomfort of immigrants. Migrants became underclass and exploited in their new environment. In a field survey conducted in Ondo State, Nigeria, the study examined the ontological submissions about immigrants’ plight for employment and the host community’s potentials at tapping high skills available among the migrants. The study anchored on Talcott Parson’s AGIL- Social System Theory of societal survival, most especially its functional prerequisites, notably adaptation, goal, integration and pattern maintenance. The overall finding emerging from the study is that social integration links positively to migrants’ acquired work ethics, acceptance into formal workforce, and socio-communal interactions. Consequently, standardised integration of skilled-migrants into workforce shaped cordial relationship and lasting peace between migrants and the host community.
Language-Driven CLIL: Developing Written Production at the Secondary School Level
Authors: Chumbay Julio , Ochoa Janina Felisha Quito
Published: July 2020

This research study analyzes the effect the implementation of language-driven CLIL has on senior learners from Manuel J. Calle High School in Cuenca, Ecuador in relation to the development of written production in terms of Syntax, Content, Communicative Achievement, Organization, and Language compared to a non-language-driven CLIL classroom. There were 40 participants in the experimental group, and 38 participants in the control group. Learners from the experimental group received a condensed 35-hour intervention using CLIL. This study features an exploratory, mixed-method, and quasi-experimental research design. To collect qualitative data, an open-ended questionnaire was administered to explore the subjects learners preferred to study in a language-driven CLIL classroom. To collect quantitative data, a Pre and Post-Test based on the writing section of Cambridge Objective Primary English Test was administered. The data was analyzed through the Independent T-Test and Paired-T-Test to determine if there was a statistically significant difference present between the language-driven CLIL classroom and the non-language-driven CLIL classroom. The data was calculated through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). A survey was administered to collect data on learners’ perceptions about CLIL and then analyzed statistically. Results indicated that learners preferred to study History, Biology, and Spanish Language and Literature. Results also demonstrated that the experimental group also demonstrated improvement in all the examined parameters when compared to the control group. However, when results from both groups are compared, there is only a statistical improvement in Organization and Syntax.
Evaluation of Performance of Adaptive Designs Based on Treatment Effect Intervals
Authors: Fang Fang , Lin Yong , Shih Weichung Joe , Lu Shou-En , Zhu Guangrui
Published: July 2020

The accuracy of the treatment effect estimation is crucial to the success of Phase 3 studies. The calculation of sample size relies on the treatment effect estimation and cannot be changed during the trial in a fixed sample size design. Oftentimes, with limited efficacy data available from early phase studies and relevant historical studies, the sample size calculation may not accurately reflect the true treatment effect. Several adaptive designs have been proposed to address this uncertainty in the sample size calculation. These adaptive designs provide flexibility of sample size adjustment during the trial by allowing early trial stopping or sample size adjustment at interim look(s). The use of adaptive designs can optimize the trial performance when the treatment effect is an assumed constant value. However in practice, it may be more reasonable to consider the treatment effect within an interval rather than as a point estimate. Because proper selection of adaptive designs may decrease the failure rate of Phase 3 clinical trials and increase the chance for new drug approval, this paper proposes measures and evaluates the performance of different adaptive designs based on treatment effect intervals, and identifies factors that may affect the performance of adaptive designs.
Image-based dissolution analysis for tracking the surface stability of amorphous powders
Authors: Štukelj Jernej , Agopov Mikael , Yliruusi Jouko , Strachan Clare J. , Svanbäck Sami
Published: July 2020

Poor solubility of crystalline drugs can be overcome by amorphization – the production of high-energy disordered solid with improved solubility. However, the improved solubility comes at a cost of reduced stability; amorphous drugs are prone to recrystallization. Because of recrystallization, the initial solubility enhancement is eventually lost. Therefore, it is important to understand the recrystallization process during storage of amorphous materials and its impact on dissolution/solubility. Here, we demonstrate the use of image-based single-particle analysis (SPA) to consistently monitor the solubility of an amorphous indomethacin sample over time. The results are compared to the XRPD signal of the same sample. For the sample stored at 22 °C/23 % relative humidity (RH), full crystallinity as indicated by XRPD was reached around day 40, whereas a solubility corresponding to that of the γ crystalline form was measured with SPA at day 25. For the sample stored at 22 °C/75 % RH, the XRPD signal indicated a rapid initial phase of crystallization. However, the sample failed to fully crystallize in 80 days. With SPA, solubility slightly above that of the crystalline γ form was measured already on the second day. To conclude, the solubility measured with SPA directly reflects the solid-state changes occurring on the particle surface. Therefore, it can provide vital information – in a straightforward manner while requiring only minuscule sample amounts – for understanding the effect of storage conditions on the dissolution/solubility of amorphous materials, especially important in pharmaceutical science.
ANALYSIS OF SYNTHETIC ADULTERANTS, MEAN WEIGHT AND LABELING IN TRADITIONAL PHYTOTHERAPIC PRODUCTS
Authors: Riccio Bruno Vincenzo Fiod , Françóia Pamella Cristina Oliveira , Sorgatto Paula Olsen , Pereira Airton Vicente , Bortoli Stella
Published: July 2020

Traditional phytotherapic products (TPP) use is nowadays common in society. As they are known to be natural products, there is an assumption that the effects are exclusively beneficial and the potential harmful effects are disregarded. As well as adulterations with synthetic drugs capable of masking adverse effects or acting synergistically with biologically active compounds, potentiating their effects, considered by law as fraud. The aim of the present study was to evaluate common TPP and its compliance with the current law regarding labeling, average weight and research on synthetic adulterants using comparative thin layer chromatography. Twenty PTFs were evaluated, of which all failed the labeling assessment, one contained average weight consistent with legislation and there was no evidence of adulteration by increment of synthetic drugs in any of them. Evaluating the quality of a product ensuring its compliance with the legislation is crucial for the reliability of consumers and the credibility of producers.
Aufrüstung – Ausbeutung – Auschwitz
Authors: Lindner Stephan H.
Published: July 2020

Der amerikanische Militärprozess in Nürnberg 1947 / 48 gegen führende Manager der I. G. Farben - Profiteur und Beteiligter an NS-Verbrechen.

Die I. G. Farben galt und gilt als Paradebeispiel für die Bereitschaft der deutschen Großindustrie, mit dem NS-Regime zu kooperieren und davon zu profitieren. Die Alliierten lösten den Chemiegiganten 1945 zwangsweise auf. 1947 wurden Manager des Konzerns in Nürnberg vor ein amerikanisches Militärgericht gestellt und wegen der Planung von Angriffskriegen, Raub und Plünderung sowie Kriegsverbrechen und Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit angeklagt. Im Urteil 1948 wurden dreizehn Manager zu Haftstrafen verurteilt und zehn mangels Beweisen freigesprochen. Keine Seite war mit dem Urteil zufrieden: Die Angeklagten und ihre Verteidiger beklagten eine »Siegerjustiz«, während die Anklagebehörde sich frustriert über die aus ihrer Sicht zu geringen Strafen zeigte. In der Literatur spiegelt sich diese Unzufriedenheit bis heute. Unter Auswertung der Prozessunterlagen sowie zahlreicher Nachlässe von Verteidigern, Angeklagten, Anklägern und Richtern untersucht Stephan H. Lindner den Prozess völlig neu. Dabei bezieht er alle Akteuren gleichberechtigt mit ein und berücksichtigt die damaligen Umstände deutlicher als bislang. So wirft der Autor ein neues Licht auf den Prozess, seine Vor- und Nachgeschichte.
Analysis of Effective Load Balancing Techniques in Distributed Environment
Authors: Shukla Anju , Kumar Shishir , Singh Harikesh
Published: July 2020

Computational approaches contribute a significance role in various fields such as medical applications, astronomy, and weather science, to perform complex calculations in speedy manner. Today, personal computers are very powerful but underutilized. Most of the computer resources are idle; 75% of the time and server are often unproductive. This brings the sense of distributed computing, in which the idea is to use the geographically distributed resources to meet the demand of high-performance computing. The Internet facilitates users to access heterogeneous services and run applications over a distributed environment. Due to openness and heterogeneous nature of distributed computing, the developer must deal with several issues like load balancing, interoperability, fault occurrence, resource selection, and task scheduling. Load balancing is the mechanism to distribute the load among resources optimally. The objective of this chapter is to discuss need and issues of load balancing that evolves the research scope. Various load balancing algorithms and scheduling methods are analyzed that are used for performance optimization of web resources. A systematic literature with their solutions and limitations has been presented. The chapter provides a concise narrative of the problems encountered and dimensions for future extension.
Dengue Fever: An Overview
Authors: Kothai Ramalingam , Arul Balasubramanian
Published: July 2020

Dengue fever is a disease caused by a family of viruses transmitted by mosquitoes. Dengue virus (DENV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, causes the most widespread mosquito-borne viral infection in humans around the world today. Dengue can affect anyone but tends to be more severe in people with compromised immune systems. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a more severe form of a viral illness. Symptoms include headache, fever, rash, and evidence of bleeding (hemorrhage) in the body. This form of dengue fever can be life-threatening and can progress to the most severe form of the illness, dengue shock syndrome. This chapter reviews the etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, pathophysiology, transmissions, manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of dengue.
Lead-Free Perovskite Nanocomposites: An Aspect for Environmental Application
Authors: De Manojit
Published: July 2020

Perovskites possess an interesting crystal structure and its structural properties allow us to achieve various applications. Beside its ferroelectric, piezoelectric, magnetic, multiferroic, etc., properties, these branches of materials are also useful to develop materials for various environmental applications. As the population is increasing nowadays, different type of environmental pollution is one of the growing worries for society. The effort of researchers and scientists focuses on developing new materials to get rid of these individual issues. With modern advances in synthesis methods, including the preparation of perovskite nanocomposites, there is a growing interest in perovskite-type materials for environmental application. Basically, this chapter concludes with a few of the major issues in the recent environment: green energy (solar cell), fuel cell, sensors (gas and for biomedical), and remediation of heavy metals from industrial wastewater.
Therapeutic Management: When and What
Authors: Mavridis Theodoros , Breza Marianthi , I. Deligianni Christina , D. Mitsikostas Dimos
Published: July 2020

Migraine is a widespread brain disease that is classified as the second most disabling condition and has the third highest prevalence of all medical conditions. Despite its non-emergent or life-threatening nature, migraine can progress to chronic type, a subform associated with significant morbidity and drug overuse. In the management of migraine, it is important therefore to introduce early prophylactic treatment in order to limit migraine chronification. In this chapter, we will go through all the treatment options, both acute and preventive, pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical following this flowchart: 1. Introduction; 2. General principles; 2.1 Symptomatic therapy; 2.2 Prophylactic management; 3. Pharmaceutical therapies; 3.1 Symptomatic; 3.1.1 Disease-specific; 3.1.2 No disease-specific; 3.2 Prophylactic; 3.2.1 Disease-specific; 3.2.2 No disease-specific; 3.3 Non-Pharmaceutical therapies; 3.4 Neuromodulation; 3.4.1 Invasive; 3.4.5 Non-invasive; 3.5 Nutrient (nutraceuticals); 3.6 Dietary interventions; 3.7 Acupuncture; 3.8 Physical therapy; 4. Cognitive behavioral therapies; 5. Patient centricity and patient education.
Rapid Cytoreduction by Plateletapheresis in the Treatment of Thrombocythemia
Authors: Balint Bela , Pavlovic Mirjana , Todorovic Milena
Published: July 2020

The objective of this chapter is to provide a systematic overview of current knowledge regarding therapeutic apheresis—primarily therapeutic plateletapheresis (TP)—and to summarize evidence-based practical approaches related to cytapheresis treatment of “hyperthrombocytosis” or “extreme thrombocytosis” (ETC). Our results of platelet (Plt) quantitative/qualitative analyses and evaluation of efficacy of apheresis systems/devices—on the basis of Plt removal and in vivo Plt depletion—will be presented. Our preclinical researches confirmed that in Plt concentrates, the initial ratio of discoid shapes was 70%, spherical 20%, and less valuable (dendritic/balloonized) shapes 10%—with morphological score of platelets (MSP = 300–400). After storage, the ratio of discoid and spherical shapes was decreased, while the less valuable ones progressively increased (MSP = 200). Electron microscopy has shown discoid shapes with typical ultrastructural properties. Spherical shapes with reduced electron density and peripheral location of granules/organelles were detected. Also, dendritic shapes with cytoskeletal “rearrangement,” membrane system integrity damages, and pseudopodia formations were documented. Our clinical study demonstrated that TP was useful in ETC treatment and should help prevention of “thrombo-hemorrhagic” events—until chemotherapy, antiplatelet drugs, and other medication take effect. During TP treatment, Plt count and morphology/ultrastructure were examined. Plt functions by multiplate analyzer were evaluated. We concluded that intensive TP was an effective, safe, and rapid cytoreductive treatment for ET.
A Comparative Study on the Use of Ketamine and Apotel Infusion Pump for the Control of Pain After Posterior Fusion Operations: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hassani Valiollah , Faiz Seyed Hamid Reza , Rahimzadeh Poupak , Nikoubakht Nasim , Ghaemi Mohammad , Sayarifard Azadeh
Published: July 2020

Background: Postoperative pain has many adverse effects and if not properly controlled, it can cause a wide range of problems. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare the results of using ketamine and apotel infusion pumps to control pain after posterior fusion surgery. Methods: In this clinical trial study, 72 patients hospitalized for posterior spine fusion surgery were randomly assigned into two groups, including ketamine infusion pumps (ketamin group) and apotel infusion pumps (apotel group). In the ketamin group, 0.2 mg/kg/h of ketamine was infused to by a pain pump with normal saline to 100 cc. In the apotel group, apotel was used instead of ketamine. The rate of pain was evaluated in recovery, and at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 48 hours after the surgery, based on VAS criteria. The rate of sedation was recorded based on Ramsy score. Results: There was no significant difference between age, sex, BMI, underlying diseases, and smoking in patients with posterior spinal fusion surgery between the groups. Postoperative pain score was significantly lower in the patients with posterior fusion surgery at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 48 hours in the ketamin group compared to the apotel group (P < 0.001). Patients’ satisfaction with the analgesia was significantly higher in the patients at 24 hours (P = 0.001) and 48 hours (P = 0.04) in the ketamine group compared to the apotel. With regards to the Ramsy scores of the patients with posterior fusion surgery, there was no significant difference between the groups (P = 0.16). Conclusions: The use of a ketamine infusion pump can be more effective than an apotel infusion pump to control pain after posterior fusion surgery.
RESEÑA: Rings, G. ; Rasinger, S. 2020. El Cambridge Handbook sobre Comunicación Intercultural. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Authors: Díaz de Mera Emilio
Published: July 2020

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The sratigrahic sequence at Altamirat, 1880-1981
Authors: Freeman Leslie G.
Published: July 2020

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El Magdaleniense de Altamira
Authors: González Echegaray Joaquín
Published: July 2020

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Algunas reflexiones sobre el arte rupestre, a través de dos fragmentos impresos de la cueva de Chaves (Huesca)
Authors: Baldellou Martínez Vicente
Published: July 2020

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Metalurgia galaica de la transición bronce-hierro : el Castro de Terroso
Authors: Peña Santos Antonio de la
Published: July 2020

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Identificación e identificabilidad : cuestiones básicas de metodología zooarqueológica
Authors: Morales Múñiz Arturo
Published: July 2020

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Epipaleolíticos y neolíticos : población y territorio en el proceso de neolitización de la Península Ibérica
Authors: Mart Oliver Bernat , Juan-Cabanilles Joaquim
Published: July 2020

La neolitización de la Península Ibérica se presenta como un complejo proceso de alcance mediterráneo en el que participan los grupos epipaleolíticos de facies geométrica y ios grupos neolíticos de las cerámicas cardlales. Junto al modelo de la dualidad cultural, se examinan las alternativas recientes a los procesos de difusión por colonizaciónaculturación, así como las interpretaciones funcionales de la diversidad manifestada por la cultura material y la actividad económica de los yacimientos neolíticos. La abundante documentación sobre los distintos grupos de población y su territorio en el área del País Valenciano y el Bajo Aragón, y los nuevos resultados conocidos en el Alto Aragón, Cataluña, Andalucía y Portugal, configuran un nuevo panorama de los primeros contactos entre los grupos epipaleolíticos y los neolíticos.La néolithisation de la Peninsule Ibérique se présente comme un processus complexe d'implication mediterraneénne auquel ont participé les groupes épipaleoiitliiques de facies géométrique et les groupes néolitfiiques a céramique cardiale. En plus du modele de la dualité culturelle, on examine les recentes alternatives aux processus de diffusion par colonisation/acculturation, aussi que les interprétations fontionnelles de la diversité traduit par la culture materiélle et l'activité économique des gisements néoiithiques. L'ahondante documentation sur les divers groupes de populations et leur terrltoire dans l'aire du Pays Valencien et du Bas-Aragon, et les nouveaux resultáis obtenus en Haut-Aragon, Catalogne, Andaiouse et Portugal, définissent un nouveau cadre sur les premiers contacts entre groupes épipaleoiitlilques et néoiithiques.
La cultura de los sepulcros de fosa : una sociedad neolítica
Authors: Muñoz Amilibia Ana María
Published: July 2020

Se argumenta el carácter de sociedad plenamente Neolítica del grupo conocido como «cultura de los sepulcros de fosa» fechado entre 4300 y el 3100 antes de Cristo, en dataciones calibradas, en un momento de pleno desarrollo del neolítico europeo.This paper contributes a critical review in order to show the «sepulcros de fosa» culture as a clearly neolithic society, dated from 4300 until 3100 B.C., during the highes improve of European Neolithic.
Espacio y tiempo en la Edad del Bronce del País Valenciano
Authors: Hernández Pérez Mauro S.
Published: July 2020

Se realizan algunas consideraciones sobre el origen, cronología y periodización de la Edad del Bronce en el País Valenciano (España) a partir de las dataciones absolutas publicadas, analizándose los contextos arqueológicos de cada una de ellas.Some considerations are made on the origin, chronology and periodization oí the Bronze Age in País Valenciano (Spain) from the absolute datings already published, analyzins their respective archaeological contexts.
Un basurero romano en Madrid
Authors: Guiral Pelegrín Carmen
Published: July 2020

Basurero de época romana fiallado en el solar del Colegio Mayor N- Sra. de África. Los materiales se depositaron en un mismo momento cronológico y constituyen un importante lote de cerámicas de época romana: térra sigillata hispánica, térra sigillata hispánica avellana, cerámica de paredes finas, cerámica pintada de tradición indígena, cerámica vidriada, cerámica común de mesa y de cocina, pondera y material de construcción; además se hallaron diversos restos metálicos y una aguja de hueso. El estudio nos proporciona una cronología de finales del s. I y mediados del s. II. Aunque el basurero es el único resto romano hallado en el citado solar, no constituye un elemento aislado, ya que a comienzos del siglo se encontró en el cercano Pte. de los Franceses un ara funeraria, asociada a cerámicas y monedas que sin duda era parte de una necrópolis perteneciente a una villa, uno de cuyos basureros se analiza en este artículo. A la importancia de sumar un nuevo hallazgo en Madrid, se añade el hecho de ser uno de los pocos vestigios romanos excavados recientemente en la capital y que además aporta interesantes datos cronológicos y económicos para el análisis de la presencia romana en la zona.A román rubbish dump was founded through the archaeological excavatíon at the Colegio Mayor NSra. de África. The materials were placed in the site at the same time and they are an important assemblage of román pottery: T.S.H., T.S.H. avellana, Thin-wailed pottery, painted pottery, glaced pottery, kitchen and table common pottery, pondera and building material; moreover it was founded several metal remains and one bone needle. The complete study offers a chronological frame work between the end of I century and the middie of llnd century. Although the rubbish dump is the only one román remain founded in the mentioned excavation , it is not an isolated factor, since at the beginings of this century, it was founded a funeral altar stone, near Pte. de los Franceses, asociated to pottery and coins that, probably, were part of the necrópolis from a next villa. This finding is un importat discovery, because it is one of the few román remains excavated recently at Madrid and also it provides interesting chronological and economical data for the comprehesion of román traces in the area.
Proporciones de debris en réplicas de talla experimental
Authors: Maíllo Fernández José Manuel
Published: July 2020

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de una serie de réplicas de talla para conocer la dinámica de la fracción debris. El resultado obtenido es una curva de distribución característica en la que a menor longitud se obtiene mayor número de restos. Las conclusiones pueden ser utilizadas en los análisis post-deposicionales de yacimientos arqueológico.In this paper we present a series of experiments to investígate the smallsize debitage dynamic. The results of the experiments suggest an ideal layout. The results should be used in formation processes of the archaeological record.
Les grands mammifères du site pleistocene supérieur de la grotte du Castillo. Étude archéozoologique : donnes paleontologiques, taphonomiques et palethnographiques
Authors: Dari Abdellah
Published: July 2020

El texto présenta un estudio arqueozoolôgico de una colecciôn de fauna del yacimiento de El Castillo en el Institut de Paléontologie Humaine de Paris. Esta colecciôn es parte de la fauna recolectada en las excavaciones de 1910 a 1914.This article présents and archaeozoological analysis of a collection at the I.P.H. This collection is part of the faunal remains collected in 1910/1914 diggings at El Castillo cave by H. Obemaier and H. Breuil.
El Aziliense de Cueva Oscura de Ania (Las Regueras, Asturias) : primera aproximación y su contexto en la cuenca del Nalón
Authors: Quesada López José Manuel , García Sánchez Eduardo , Adán Álvarez Gema
Published: July 2020

La revisión crítica de los materiales arqueológicos exhumados en Cueva Oscura de Ania ha permitido definir las características generales de su depósito Aziliense, al tiempo que incorporar definitivamente esta cueva a la nómina de yacimientos donde se documenta un horizonte de transición entre el Magdaleniense superior final y el Aziliense clásico, conocido como Aziliense antiguo. Se aprovecha esta circunstancia para realizar una síntesis historiográfica sobre el conocimiento del origen y el desarrollo del Aziliense en la cuenca hidrográfica del Nalón.A critic review of the archaeological record from Cueva Oscura de Ania has allowed us explain the nature of her Azulan levéis. Thls cave can be included in the group of sites where it is found a transitional period from Upper Magdalenien to Classic Azilian, iabelled as Older Azilian. In this paper it is also introduced a regional sinthesis about the archaeological knowledge of the Azilian in the asturian Nalón basin.
El abrigo de Melgar : nuevas apreciaciones cronológicas sobre las pinturas esquemáticas del núcleo de Quesada (Jaén)
Authors: López Payer Manuel Gabriel , Soria Lerma Miguel
Published: July 2020

En este artículo se presenta el Abrigo del Melgar (Sierra de Quesada), el cual contiene una serie de pinturas que aportan nuevos datos con relación a la cronología y el significado del arte rupestre esquemático del Sudeste de la Península Ibérica. Se sitúa la realización de estas representaciones en la Edad del Cobre, y se intenta precisar la cronología de la estación dentro del núcleo de Quesada.This article concerns the Melgar rock shelter (Quesada Mountain Range), which contains a series oí paintings that provides new Information about the chronology and meaning of schematic rock art in the Southeast of the Iberian Península. The achievement of these pictures it's dated in the Copper Age, and the chronology of the station has been tried to fix within the Quesada group.
Armas de metal en el Perú prehispánico
Authors: Pérez Maestro Carmen
Published: July 2020

A través del análisis del significado de la guerra en los Andes, de la tecnología con que las armas de metal fueron fabricadas, así como de la evolución de las mismas a través de los diferentes fiorizontes culturales, hemos tratado de recuperar todos aquellos ejemplos de objetos de metal, hayan cumplido una función utilitaria o ritual, para llegar a tener así una amplia visión de la significación de las armas de metal en el Perú Prehispánico.In this article, we describe all known examples of Andean metal weapons, regardless of their functionality, in order to gain a wide view of their meaning in Prehispanic Perú. For this purpose, we analyze the meaning of war in Andean Área, the technology of elaboration of the weapons and their evolution throught different cultural periods.
Características generales del poblamiento y la arqueología funeraria visigoda de Hispania
Authors: Ripoll López Gisela
Published: July 2020

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Bibliografía
Authors: Ripoll Perelló Eduardo , Ripoll López Sergio , Bernaldo de Quirós Federico , Cabrera Valdés Victoria , Hernando Grande Amparo , Fernández Vega Ana , San Nicolás Pedraz María Pilar , Darder G-Z-Lissún Marta , Ripoll López Gisela
Published: July 2020

RESEÑA 1 de : Goudineau, Christian; Guilaine, Jean. De Lascaux au Grand Louvre. Archéologie et histoire en Franca. Prefacio de Frangois Mitterrand. París : Editions Errance, 1989. RESEÑA 2 de : Guilaine, Jean. La Préhistoire d'un continent á l'autre. París : Editorial Larousse, 1986. RESEÑA 3 de : Ripoll López, Segio. La Cueva de Ambrosio (Almería, Spain) y su posición cronoestratigrafica en el Mediterráneo Occidental. «British Archaeological Reports», Serie Intenracional, n.° 462, 2 vols., Oxford, 1988. RESEÑA 4 de : Bonsall, C. The Mesolithicin Europe. Papers presented at the Third International Symposium. Edinburgh, 1985. RESEÑa 5 de : Fernández Castro, María Cruz. La Edad de los Metales. Historia del Arte n.° 4, Historia 16. Madrid, 1989. RESEÑA 6 de : López-Cuevillas, Florentino. La civilización céltica de Galicia. Parte preliminar por José M. Gómez Tabanera y Antonio Beltrán Martínez. Madrid : Ediciones Istmo, 1988. RESEÑA 7 de : López Monteagudo, Guadalupe. Esculturas zoomorfas celtas de la Península Ibérica. Anejos de Archivo Español de Arqueología, X. Madrid : CSIC, 1989. RESEÑA 8 de : Sordi, Marta. Los Cristianos y el Imperio romano. Madrid : Ed. Encuentro, 1988. RESEÑA 9 de : Fuentes Domínguez, Ángel. La necrópolis tardorromana de Albalate de las Nogueras (Cuenca) y el problema de las denominadas «necrópolis del Duero». Cuenca : Diputación Provincial de Cuenca, 1989.
Breve informe sobre dos reuniones de arte rupestre sudamericano
Authors: Schobinger Juan
Published: July 2020

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«Mámoa 87 de Serra Faladora» : un túmulo megalítico del Norte de Galicia
Authors: Fábregas Valcarce Ramón , Suárez Otero J.
Published: July 2020

The outstanding work of survey and digging accomplished by the late F. Maciñeira ¡n the first decades of the present century was unfortunately not continuad until recent years, when new excavations with a modern methodology, together with a reappraisal of the materials recovered by IViaciñeira are throwing new light to the characteristics of the megalithic burial in the far North of Galicia. In this paper we are dealing with the analysis of the artefacts found in the mound 87th of Serra Faladora, which in spite of its ruinous condition at the time of Maciñeira's discovery might be possibly ciassified under the iabel of passage grave, though with some remarkable features like the extreme eccentricity of the chamber and the presence of a pit dug into the bedrock under the mound and filled with stones and earth with traces of fire (fig. 2A). The material items found in the disturbed chamber are very much in agreement with the typical set of Galician megalithic grave goods: ground stone axes, flint blades and pottery with simple forms and no decoration (figs. 3-6). However, the mound 87th detaches itself from the local pattern because of the number and variety of goods which is larger than usual. At the same time, other features, like the absence of arrowheads, are in full agreement with the pattern in the northern área of Galicia. In all, the mound 87th seems to reflect, with some local traits, the spread of more elabórate forms of megalithic burial in vast áreas of the Northwest of the Iberian penisula around the middie of the 3"^ millenium b.C.
Que sont les «Chasseurs» et les «Chasseurs-Pasteurs» du Fezzan?
Authors: Muzzolini A.
Published: July 2020

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Reunión en Cerdeña sobre la cultura de Ozieri
Authors: Muñoz Amilibia Ana María
Published: July 2020

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El problema de las raíces asiáticas del primer poblamiento de América
Authors: Kozlowski Janusz K. , Bandi Hans Georg
Published: July 2020

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El yacimiento prehistórico de Jarama I (Valdesotos, Guadalajara) : campaña de prospección de 1991
Authors: Jordá Pardo Jesús Francisco , Estrada García Rogelio , Pastor Muñoz Javier
Published: July 2020

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El abrigo pintado de La Hoz de Vicente (Minglanilla, Cuenca)
Authors: Martínez Perelló María Isabel , Díaz-Andreu García Margarita
Published: July 2020

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En torno a los depósitos de la Edad del Bronce
Authors: Hernando Grande Amparo
Published: July 2020

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Neolítico final-Calcolítico en el sureste peninsular : el Cabezo del Plomo (Mazarrón, Murcia)
Authors: Muñoz Amilibia Ana María
Published: July 2020

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Notas sobre arqueología funeraria judía en época medieval
Authors: Casanovas Miró Jorge
Published: July 2020

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Primer Congrés Internacional de Gravats Rupestres i Murals, homenatge a Lluis Díez-Coronel
Authors: Muñoz Ibáñez Francisco Javier
Published: July 2020

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Algunas cuestiones de interés sobre el poblamiento del continente europeo durante el Pleistoceno Medio
Authors: Martos Romero Juan Antonio
Published: July 2020

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Paleolithic polygons : Voronoi tesserae and settlement hierarchies in cantabrian Spain
Authors: Freeman Leslie G.
Published: July 2020

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