bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aristotle's hermeneutic model: the legal thinking and the theory about judgement
Authors: І. В. Гетьман
Published: December 2022

Article is devoted the system analysis of one of actual methodology − to hermeneutics. Research begins with a historical context in which the first knowledge about the general theory of understanding − hermeneutics arose. In article gnoseological research of knowledge of a hermeneutic problematics of the universal philosopher of an epoch of antiquity − Aristotle is made, the attention in particular is paid to its ideas concerning construction of the separate theory about judgement, to preconditions and process of formation of philosophical and legal thinking, as component of the first.
The law of Ukraine «On protection of personal data»: problems and ways to improve
Authors: О. Б. Червякова
Published: December 2022

This article analyzed and studied the individual provisions of the law of confidentiality of personal citizens in terms of their safety and protection. Particular attention is paid to the improvement of the legal framework of citizens’ rights in this area.
USUAL RUSCISM: GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Trebin Mykhailo
Published: December 2022

The article examines a qualitatively new phenomenon of modern political life in Russia ‑ ruscism. Its proximity to fascism and Nazism is shown, and the variety of approaches to understanding the main ideas of fascism is considered. We offer our own interpretation of this phenomenon. The author interprets ruscism as the ideology of Russian fascism, based on anti-liberalism, expansionism, revanchism, necrophilia, genocide, terrorism, statism, xenophobia, Eurasianism, leadership, God’s chosen people, mobilization of the nation and the state against enemies. The most important features of the ideology of ruscism are considered. It is proven that ruscism is anti-human by its very nature, that violates all principles of international law, destroys the world security system, and thanks to disinformation and manipulation of consciousness, creates a distorted image of the world, where the truth is a lie, and white is black.
Analysis of forced oscillations of wheelset bouncing from multiplicative perturbation specified by harmonic function
Authors: Nikolaev Viktor , Musayev Janat , Zhauyt Algazy
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the movement of a wheelset along a path that is unequal in length with wave wear of the rails. The authors studied the influence of a force external disturbance on the parametric system “wheel-rail”. The problem under consideration is solved on the basis of a mathematical model of the interaction of a wheel pair and an unequal track, taking into account the additive effect of unequal stiffness on a railway vehicle. It is shown that taking into account the longitudinal uneven elasticity of the railway track makes it possible to more accurately determine the resonant regions and evaluate the decrease or increase in the acceleration level and the amplitudes of bouncing of the unsprung mass of the rolling stock.
Grafik Tasarımda Sürdürülebilir Seçimler: Kâğıt Mı? Dijital Mi?
Authors: Kınık Mustafa
Published: December 2022

Sürdürülebilir dünya için neler yapılması gerektiğine dair ortaya atılan fikirler neticesinde her disiplin kendi pratiğini geliştirmiştir. Grafik tasarımda en yaygın pratik, ürün çıktılarının kâğıttan dijital ortama yönlendirilmesidir. Elektronik medyanın kullanımı; kâğıt ihtiyacının azaltılmasını, baskı sürecinde ve sonrasında kâğıt yüzeylerde kullanılan petrol türevli malzemelerin doğaya olan zararının engellenmesini sağlamaktadır. Bu da kullanım ömrünü dolduran elektronik birimlerin geri dönüşümü sorununu ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Henüz tanışılan bir kavram olan “e-atık”, sürdürülebilirliğin bir diğer boyutu ve sorunudur. Eko-tasarım konusunda ilk endüstriyel tasarım akla gelse de grafik tasarım alanında sürdürülebilirlik ilkelerine uygun tasarımlar yapmayı savunan ve uygulamaya çalışan tasarımcılar çoğunluktadır. Bu fikri sorumluluk ve zorunluluk haline getirebilmek için yapılanlar ve yapılması gerekenleri tartışmak bu araştırmanın amacıdır. Çalışmada, elde edilen veriler yardımıyla kâğıt ve dijital malzemelerin tüketim, geri dönüşüm ve sürdürülebilirliği konusunda sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Tasarımcıların kullandığı kâğıt ve dijital ürün gruplarının birbirine tercih edilemeyecekleri, bu nedenle çevreye duyarlı tüketici sorumluluğuyla tasarım çözümleri üretmeleri gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Modern Tipografinin Gelişim Serüveninin Wolfgang Weingart Çalışmaları Üzerinden Analizi
Authors: Uğur Engin , Yıldız İbrahim
Published: December 2022

İnsanlar ve toplumlar arası iletişimi sağlayan yazının görsel tasarım ile daha etkili bir biçime dönüşmesi tipografi ile gerçekleşmektedir. Gutenberg’in geliştirdiği baskı sistemi ve geleneksel tipografi anlayışı ilerleyen dönemlerde yeni teknolojiler ve yaklaşımlarla gelişmiştir. Modern dönemde tipografi, mesajın aktarılmasında görsel iletişim tasarım unsurlarını içeren yaklaşımlarla kullanılmıştır. Tipografide sanatsal yaklaşım ve görsel iletişim tasarım ilkeleri, mesajın etkinliği ve farklı sunumu açısından modern dönemde önem kazanmıştır. Modern tipografide önemli isimlerinden Wolfgang Weingart eğitimini aldığı İsviçre Tipografisinin sınırlayıcı kurallarını esneterek yeni bir tipografi anlayışı ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmada yeni modern dönem tipografi sanatçısı Wolfgang Weingart’ın çalışmalarının tipografik tasarım ilkeleri açısından nitel bir analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda Weingart’a tipografide öncü konumu kazandıran unsurun çalışmalarındaki harf estetiğinden ziyade kendine özgü geliştirdiği tipografik kompozisyon olduğu görülmüştür.
Nalan Yırtmaç’ın Eserlerinde Yaratıcı ve Eleştirel Boyutuyla Nostalji
Authors: Sesigür Ayça , Koç Ahmet Musa
Published: December 2022

Yaşanan an’a ait duygular ve düşünceler her hatırlama ile yeniden yapılanır. Böylelikle an bir anıya dönüşerek temsil haline gelir. Bu temsili görüntülerin ardında saklı olan düşünceleri, duyguları harekete geçiren, kararları ve hayatları şekillendiren anlamlar bireysel olduğu kadar toplumsal etki alanlarına da sahiptir. Temsiller aracılığıyla geçmişte bir zamana, mekâna ya da kişiye özlemi yaratan nostalji kavramını sanat yapımında nasıl anlamlandıracağımız sorusu bu çalışmanın arka planını oluşturur. Görüntüler aracılığıyla karşılaşılan nostaljik bir nesne, düşünce, anı ya da durumun bir sorgulama aracı olabilirken, bir manipülasyon aracına da dönüşebilir. Bu nedenle nostalji imgelerinin anlamlandırılması tartışmaya değer görülür. Sanatçı imgeyi düşünsel nostaljinin eleştirel bakış açısıyla kışkırtıcı bir şekilde mi yoksa yeniden kurucu nostaljinin kusursuzluğunun yansıtıldığı bir manipülasyonla mı sunuyor? Çalışma bu soruları çoğaltarak Nalan Yırtmaç’ın nostaljik imgeleri farklı yaklaşımlarla ele aldığı seçilmiş eserlerini anlamaya çalışır ve nostalji imgelerini anlamlandırmak isteyen sanatçı ve sanat eğitimcilerine, nostaljinin “yaratıcı ve eleştirel” boyutundan bir içerik sunmayı hedefler.
Eat Art: Sanatın Yemekle Dansı
Authors: Girgin Figen , Dizdar Banu
Published: December 2022

20.yüzyılın ikinci yarısında ortaya çıkan Eat Art’ta yemek, temsil olmaktan çıkar tıpkı boya, kâğıt gibi malzeme haline gelir. Statünün, sembolik anlamların yanı sıra yemek; düşüncelerin paylaşıldığı, sohbetin vurgulandığı toplumsal anlamı, dondurulan an ve geçicilik kavramları doğrultusunda Daniel Spoerri’nin sıradanlığı, yüksek sanat alanına taşıdığı tablolar olarak karşımıza çıkar. Spoerri’nin masalarındaki bardaklar, tabaklar, cam şişeler, çatal-kaşıklar, kül tablaları, kâğıt peçete gibi öğeler; yemeğin başlangıcını ya da dokunulmamışlığını işaret etmez. Bu masalardaki dağınıklık, bozulmuşluk, yemeğin bittiğini, kişilerin oradan ayrıldığını göstermenin yanı sıra gerçek bir yaşam deneyimine odaklanır ve yemek yeme eylemi adeta yüksek sanatın mekânında kutsanır. Spoerri, bir zamanlar Duchamp’ın yaptığı gibi hazır nesneleri yüksek sanat formuna taşır. Betimsel tarama modelli bu araştırmada; Daniel Spoerri’nin yanı sıra öne çıkan Eat Art sanatçılarından, Sonja Alhäuser, Thomas Rentmeister ve Laura Nitsche’nin eserlerinden örneklerle yemek ve sanat ilişkisi, izleyicinin rolü sorgulanmış olup; aynı zamanda geçicilik, an, bozulma, değişim ve dönüşüm, bolluk ve israf, tüketim toplumu ve oyunbazlık kavramlarına da değinilmiştir.
Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi’nde Yer Alan H 1524 Arşiv Nolu Hünernâme II. Cildi Y.119b Sayfasındaki Minyatürün İncelenmesi
Authors: Özaltın Fatma Nilhan
Published: December 2022

Minyatürler yapıldıkları dönemlere ait toplumun ekonomik ve kültürel yapısı, o dönemin yaşam tarzı hakkında önemli bilgiler veren değerli tarihi belgelerdir. Bir minyatüre baktığımız zaman o döneme ait mimari yapılardan, giyilen kıyafetlerden ve kullanılan eşyalardan o dönemin beğenilerini, adet ve geleneklerini anlamamız mümkün olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Hünernâme II. cilt TSM, H 1524, y.119b de yer alan minyatür incelenmektedir. Minyatürün konusu Kanunî Sultan Süleyman’ın şehzadelerinin sünnet düğününde dikilitaşa tırmanan canbazlar ve çanak yağmalayanlardır. Eserin orijinal nüshası Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi Kütüphanesi’nde iki cilt halindedir (TSMK, H. 1523/H,1524). Eserde padişahların zaferleri ve hayatlarının konu edildiği minyatürler bulunmaktadır. Hünernâme’nin II. cildi Kanunî Sultan Süleyman’a ayrılmış ve padişahın tahta çıkışından ölümüne kadar ki dönemi anlatmaktadır. Nakkaş Osman ile ekibi tarafından hazırlanan eser altmış beş minyatürden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında kaynak tarama yöntemi kullanılarak konu ile ilgili yazılı ve görsel materyallere başvurulmuştur. Bu çalışmada örnek olarak seçilen minyatürün tüm görsel unsurlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda eserde geçen figürler, mimari yapı ve anlatılan konu hakkında detaylı incelemeler yapılmış; eserin kompozisyon yapısı, biçim ve kullanılan renkler incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
NOTAS SOBRE JUSTIÇA, RECONHECIMENTO E SUBJETIVAÇÃO NO CONTEXTO DE JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA NO BRASIL
Authors: Santos Filho Miguel Antonio dos , Simião Daniel
Published: December 2022

Esse artigo se debruça sobre a adoção e a aplicação da Lei n. 11.340/06 (Lei Maria da Penha) para refletir sobre algumas tensões nas dinâmicas entre as partes em conflito e os agentes das instituições de justiça. Apontamos que essas tensões se relacionam ao funcionamento idiossincrático do sistema de justiça brasileiro e à sua dificuldade em perceber a construção relacional dos conflitos de violência doméstica. Sugerimos no texto as potencialidades que essas dinâmicas têm para a composição de processos de subjetivação das partes. Essa discussão é fruto de entrevistas e de uma revisão de etnografias que elencam diferentes aspectos e situações empíricas de Varas e Juizados, as quais analisamos a partir das categorias de reconhecimento, judicialização e subjetivação.
INTERPRETAÇÕES DO TEMPO EM UMA PRISÃO DE MULHERES
Authors: Alves dos Santos Leonardo
Published: December 2022

Este artigo analisa a percepção do tempo entre mulheres cumprindo pena de prisão em dois presídios femininos do Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma penitenciária estadual no Rio Grande do Norte e em um Centro de Reintegração Social em Minas Gerais. O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi descobrir como essas mulheres entendem seu tempo na prisão e como isso é significativo para suas vidas depois de partirem. Os métodos usados para responder à questão-problema foram a observação direta, a observação participante, as entrevistas sobre histórias de vida e o que chamei de “conversas guiadas”. Ao cruzar perspectivas de diversas mulheres vivendo diferentes momentos de suas vidas na prisão, descobriu-se que existem duas grandes perspectivas sobreo tempo compartilhadas por essas mulheres encarceradas, o “tempo suspenso” e o “tempo construtivo”, que são estritamente ligados às noções de self, memória e emoção. A partir da ideia de “tempo suspenso”, o tempo pode ser interpretado “luto”, “pesadelo”, ou mesmo ser negado seletivamente ou contraído. Já a partir da visão da sentença como um “tempo construtivo”, as internas podem interpretar seu tempo de reclusão como uma forma de ganhar status no mundo do crime, orientando seus projetos de vida para uma progressão na carreira moral criminal. Por outro lado, a sentença pode ser vista como um ponto de metamorfose na vida do sujeito, que decide reiniciar sua carreira moral para longe do mundo do crime ou da prisão.
Correlation between BOD5 and COD – biodegradability indicator of wastewater
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Rudaru Daniel Gheorghe , Lucaciu Irina Eugenia ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Fulgheci Ana Maria ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology
Published: December 2022

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) are the most commonly parameters for characterization of organic matter content of water. Correlation between BOD5 and COD for different types of water can provide relevant information about the nature of pollution, the content of organic matter and its level of biodegradability. This correlation could also be used to assess the quality of effluent after the treatment processes, to improve the performance of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and/or to monitor the quality of river water into which wastewater are discharged. The objective of this study was to assess the degree of biodegradability of different types of water (influents and effluents of 3 important municipal WWTPs of Romania, untreated wastewater discharged by different economic units from Bucharest; effluents of 5 different hospitals and surface water - natural receptors of the effluents discharged by the municipal treatment plants), based on the ratios of BOD5/COD. BOD5/COD ratio (also called Biodegradability Index) varied depending on the type of water investigated and should be periodically rechecked due to variations in climatic conditions, untreated industrial wastewater discharged into natural receptors, water supply characteristics, water availability. Biodegradability Index enable the evaluation of the organic pollution of wastewater, providing the possibility of estimation regarding the biological treatability of influent of WWTP.
Seasonal influences on microbiological quality of aquatic ecosystems
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Banciu Alina Roxana , Vaideanu Monica Alexandra ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Radulescu Dragos Mihai ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Iftode Cristina ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Novac Laura ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Nita-Lazar Mihai ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology
Published: December 2022

The wide distribution of bacteria and their highly dynamic activities have a great impact on the aquatic ecosystem. Surface water bodies constitute an important drinking water source that approximatively cover half of the worldwide need. Considering the main health threats, the microbial profile represents the most important indicator on the biology quality of water environments. One of the most important criterion is fecal indicators and in consequence the aim of this study was to monitor the seasonal fecal pollution variability in the surface water of Arges and Dambovita River during 2021. These rivers are part of the Arges-Vedea basin that cover 9% of Romania’s surface and they are located in the proximity of the Bucharest, the capital city of Romania.
Solid Medical Waste Management Strategy in Hospitals, Indonesia
Authors: Hutajulu Setia Megawati , Marsaulina Irnawati , Siregar Fazida A , Indirawati Sri Malem
Published: December 2022

The increase in solid medical waste generation has the potential to harm both human health and the environment when not adequately managed.

Research Objectives:

This research aims to identify solid medical waste management strategies in hospitals.

Methods:

This quantitative research uses a cross-sectional study design at the Deli Serdang District Hospital, Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire, and the analysis was conducted using SEM PLS Version 3.3.

Results:

Policies have a significant effect on the behavior of human resources with a p-value of 0.001, and facilities significantly affect the management of solid medical waste with a p-value of 0.001. The waste treatment methods significantly affect the management where the p-value is 0.001. Subsequently, the behavior of human resources has a very significant effect on the management with a p-value of 0.001.

Conclusion:

Policies such as regulatory documents, SOPs, and complete work instructions can establish good behavior. Complete facilities such as trash containers or bins, personal protective equipment, materials for cleaning or disinfection, hazardous and toxic waste (B3) landfills, and waste transportation equipment also play a role in appropriate medical waste management. Additionally, waste treatment methods such as incinerators, autoclaves, and chemical disinfection determine the optimal management of solid medical waste.
THE SHIP MOTION CONTROL BY NAVIGATIONAL PARAMETERS AND PARALLEL INDEXES
Authors: Vas’Kov Anatoliy S. , Mironenko Aleksandr A.
Published: December 2022

The methods of using the main navigation parameters (bearing and distance) to ensure the control of the vessel movement on the planned track are considered. As the mathematical framework, classical navigation methods (determining the position of the vessel, the theory of isolines and position lines) are applied to implement the effective decisions of the corresponding parameters or their combination choice, depending on the current navigation situation. As a result, the most relevant options for choosing the leading, clearing and wheel over lines of position by bearings and distances for the planned route based on the navigation situation are identified and recommended. The expressions for accuracy estimation when using above mentioned navigation parameters and methods are proposed. The expediency of parallel indexing with errors estimation as a combination of bearing and distance as a universal variant of vessel movement control is substantiated. A new variant of the use of parallel indexing with a baseline by two landmarks as a transit line which allows to navigate the vessel in case of compass malfunctions is demonstrated. A graphical interpretation and a comparative analysis of the methods errors variation depending on the distance to the reference points are given. The recommendations and features of the practical application of methods for the vessel movement control on the planned route based on the situation of the navigation area are given. The formalization of these methods will allow the navigator, the automatic navigation complex or the control system of an autonomous ship to solve the problems of processing the corresponding navigation information at a qualitatively new level.
OPTIMAL FAULT DETECTION OF RIVER SHIP HULLS
Authors: Baryshnikov Sergei O. , Krasiuk Alla B. , Chistov Valentin B.
Published: December 2022

The issue of determining the reliability of the hulls of inland and river-sea-going vessels after a known number of years of operation under given condition is considered. It is accepted that fault detection of a ship’s hull is a survey, measurement and evaluation of defects in each element of the ship’s hull in order to establish the methods and scope of repairs that ensure its reliable operation until the next regular survey under specified operating conditions. It is shown that the volume of residual thicknesses can be significantly reduced using the statistical data on wear rates presented in the Rules of the Russian River Register. At the same time, the reduction in the scope of measuring the parameters of defects retains the probability of detecting all defects of the hull elements to the level of 0.95, and the probability of failure-free operation of the hull until the next survey, after the elimination of the identified defects will be at least 0.95. A form of table for processing the values of the residual thicknesses of all elements in the inspection report and instructions for filling it out are given. Explanations for using the results of measurements and calculations at determining the technical condition of certain elements in the group and the ship’s hull as a whole are given. The last column of the table indicates the method of eliminating the defect of an element and groups of elements, and in the conclusion of the inspection report, the method of repair and its scope for the entire hull of the ship providing a suitable assessment of the condition after repair are indicated. The main advantage of this paper, in difference from the previous studies of the authors in this area, is that user-friendly (the designer of the defect report tables) nomograms, which allow you to reduce the number of measurements of the residual thicknesses of hull structure elements in the online mode, have been created. The performed study, allowing you to reduce the number of measurements while guaranteeing the reliable operation of the ship’s hull, will let the shipowner to reduce the cost of repair work by reducing the number of days of ship standing on the slipway (in the dock). In addition, the ship repair company will be able to free up its production facilities for the purpose of their subsequent loading with other ship repair or shipbuilding orders, which will increase the efficiency of their activities.
TASKS OF RISKS ASSESSMENT AND FAILURES PREVENTION OF THE SHIP’S MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Moseyko Evgeniy S. , Ol’Khovik Evgeniy O.
Published: December 2022

The subject of the research is the tasks of assessing risks and preventing failures of ship mechanical systems, since at present reliability indicators are of great importance at the design stages and during operation. The various types of maintenance, namely, corrective, scheduled, by “state” are compared in the paper. The performance of technical monitoring can provide valid information about the actual state of the ship’s mechanical systems, which can reduce the technical and economic costs of their maintenance. A set of risks assessment methods is considered according the following stages - hazards identification, risks analysis, control options, cost-benefit assessment, decision making. To improve current methods and make them more practical, risks assessment and failures prevention are considered using the example of marine mechanical systems. The concept of risks matrix priority, taken from the analysis of the probability and consequences of failures, is used. The assessment identifies five levels of probability and five levels of consequences that can consider each type of undesirable accident. If statistical data are not available for each stage of the assessment, it is proposed to apply expert review. Possible connections between the design calculation of the reliability of ship’s mechanical systems and risk assessment based on actual data on accidents are discussed, i. e. a two-level system that considers various aspects of ensuring the reliability of ship equipment at all stages of its life cycle. The proposed approach for the joint use of risks assessment methods and traditional reliability calculations allows choosing the safest operating mode for the selected risk level, as well as predicting the necessary corrective actions, choosing options for diagnosing and maintaining ship’s mechanical systems. The conclusions received can be used to prepare specifications for the design of ship’s systems in order to assess reliability indicators, and also to extend the life of such equipment.
MAIN DIRECTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHIP ELECTROTECHNICS AND AUTOMATION
Authors: Grigoryev Andrey V.
Published: December 2022

In recent decades, the level of electrification and automation of ships has grown significantly. This is due to the increased requirements for technical, operational and technical and economic characteristics on the part of shipowners. The implementation of the requirements has become possible due to the development of related branches of science, engineering and technology: materials science, power converter technology, microprocessor electronics, and information technology. The main directions of development of ship electrical engineering and automation, namely, improvement of power generation and distribution systems, improvement of electric propulsion systems and propulsion systems, improvement of automation systems are considered in the paper. The expediency of using valve generator sets and the transition to electric power distribution on direct current is shown. Static power sources of new generation are actively developing and spreading both in industry and in maritime transport. Good control characteristics, no restrictions on the number of reverses and minimum speed, high efficiency when operating at fractional loads, high torque overload capacity on the propeller significantly expand the scope of modern AC electric propulsion systems. The desire to combine the advantages of different types of propulsion systems has stimulated the creation of combined (hybrid) propulsion systems. Combined installations incorporate a traditional thermal main engine and a propulsion electric motor. The activation of one or another engine is carried out depending on the mode of operation and the speed of the vessel. The introduction of information technologies makes it possible to automate the management and control of maintenance and repair of ship equipment. The modern development of software and hardware and algorithmic support makes it possible to create unmanned ships that can be controlled remotely and move independently (autonomously) according to predetermined algorithms, including algorithms for divergence from other ships at sea. It is concluded that the main tasks within the framework of the directions for development of ship electrical engineering and automation are increasing the energy efficiency of the process for generating electricity by introducing valve generator sets, introduction of innovative sources of electricity with high rates of efficiency and environmental friendliness, including static sources of electricity, the use of rowing electric motors with permanent magnets and inductor type, the use of combined propulsion systems with reversible electric propulsion systems, and increasing the level of automation through the introduction of information technology and artificial intelligence.
Review of Curcumin and Its Different Formulations: Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Interactions
Authors: Goswami Suchandra , Saxena Shivangi , Yadav Shalini , Goswami Diptendu , Brahmachari Koushik , Karmakar Sruti , Pramanik Biswajit , Brahmachari Sunil
Published: December 2022

Curcumin, the yellow principle of the Indian Turmeric, ‘Haldi’ has recently attracted renewed interest in the field of experimental medicine with pleiotropic activity. This review has emphasized three pharmaceutical studies of interest: the pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, and pharmacodynamics of curcumin. In this review, we attempted to review the general pharmacokinetics profile, pharmacokinetic interactions, and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interactions of curcumin and its formulations. Different species of turmeric in India, as well as their cultivars, different forms of curcumin, and harvesting methods have also been discussed. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic studies of the interaction of curcumin and its different formulations with efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein, ABC-transporter protein, multidrug-resistant protein, and cytochrome p450 metabolism enzymes have been broadly explained following data from preclinical and clinical trials reported in the literature. A few interesting chemical interactions between curcumin and its metabolites with the receptor have also been described. The pharmacological activities of curcumin and its related formulations and products have been reviewed in a few targeted disease pathologies of national concern, such as cancer, gastroduodenal disorder, immunodeficiency, liver disease, ophthalmology, diabetes and osteoarthritis among other metabolic diseases, and microbial and viral infections. The pharmacodynamics of curcumin, especially regarding the potassium/calcium ion channel pathway, apoptosis, calcium signaling pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and other intracellular signaling pathways, have been documented. Lastly, the use of curcumin as a cosmetic and the value chain analysis of turmeric products, as well as curcumin, have also been placed appropriately. A total of 174 publications were reviewed and, overall, this review tried to cover various important therapeutic aspects of curcumin, which can generate new research interest in general.
Participant Engagement and Adherence to Providing Smartwatch and Patient-Reported Outcome Data: Digital Tracking of Rheumatoid Arthritis Longitudinally (DIGITAL) Real-World Study (Preprint)
Authors: Nowell William B , Curtis Jeffrey R , Zhao Hong , Xie Fenglong , Stradford Laura , Curtis David , Gavigan Kelly , Boles Jessica , Clinton Cassie , Lipkovich Ilya , Venkatachalam Shilpa , Calvin Amy , Hayes Virginia S
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital health studies using electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) and wearables bring new challenges, including the need for participants to consistently provide trial data.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to characterize the engagement, protocol adherence, and data completeness among participants with rheumatoid arthritis enrolled in the Digital Tracking of Arthritis Longitudinally (DIGITAL) study.

METHODS

Participants were invited to participate in this app-based study, which included a 14-day run-in and an 84-day main study. In the run-in period, data were collected via the ArthritisPower mobile app to increase app familiarity and identify the individuals who were motivated to participate. Successful completers of the run-in period were mailed a wearable smartwatch, and automated and manual prompts were sent to participants, reminding them to complete app input or regularly wear and synchronize devices, respectively, during the main study. Study coordinators monitored participant data and contacted participants via email, SMS text messaging, and phone to resolve adherence issues per a priori rules, in which consecutive spans of missing data triggered participant contact. Adherence to data collection during the main study period was defined as providing requested data for >70% of 84 days (daily ePRO, ≥80% daily smartwatch data) or at least 9 of 12 weeks (weekly ePRO).

RESULTS

Of the 470 participants expressing initial interest, 278 (59.1%) completed the run-in period and qualified for the main study. Over the 12-week main study period, 87.4% (243/278) of participants met the definition of adherence to protocol-specified data collection for weekly ePRO, and 57.2% (159/278) did so for daily ePRO. For smartwatch data, 81.7% (227/278) of the participants adhered to the protocol-specified data collection. In total, 52.9% (147/278) of the participants met composite adherence.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared with other digital health rheumatoid arthritis studies, a short run-in period appears useful for identifying participants likely to engage in a study that collects data via a mobile app and wearables and gives participants time to acclimate to study requirements. Automated or manual prompts (ie, “It’s time to sync your smartwatch”) may be necessary to optimize adherence. Adherence varies by data collection type (eg, ePRO vs smartwatch data).

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/14665
User-Centered Development of a Mobile App to Assess the Quality of Life of Patients With Cancer: Iterative Investigation and Usability Testing (Preprint)
Authors: Beutter Chantal N L , Zeller Katharina , Martens Uwe M , Pfleiderer Bettina , Fegeler Christian
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

The treatment for cancer can have a negative impact not only on physical well-being but also on mental health and the quality of life (QoL). Health apps enable the monitoring of different parameters, but to date, there are only few that support patients with cancer and none that focuses on the assessment of QoL. Furthermore, patients as stakeholders are often only integrated at the late stage of the development process, if at all.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this research was to develop and evaluate a smartphone app (Lion-App) to enable patients with cancer to autonomously measure the QoL with an iterative, user-centered approach.

METHODS

Patients with cancer were involved in a 3-stage process from conceptualization to the point when the app was available on the tester’s private device. First, focus groups with members (N=21) of cancer support groups were conducted to understand their expectations and needs. Thereafter, individual tests were performed. After developing a prototype that incorporated findings from the focus groups, a second test cycle was conducted, followed by a beta test lasting 2 months. In our app, the QoL can be assessed via a patient diary and an integrated questionnaire. Through all stages, usability was evaluated using the modular extended version of the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ+), including the calculation of a key performance indicator (KPI). If possible, the impact of sex on the results was evaluated. As part of the beta test, usage rates as well as age-dependent differences were also assessed.

RESULTS

A total of 21 participants took part in the initial 3 focus groups. In the subsequent usability testing (N=18), 17 (94%) participants rated their impression through the UEQ+, with a mean KPI of 2.12 (SD 0.64, range: –3 to 3). In the second usability test (N=14), the mean KPI increased to 2.28 (SD=0.49). In the beta test, the usage rate of 19 participants was evaluated, of whom 14 (74%) also answered the UEQ+ (mean KPI 1.78, SD 0.84). An influence of age on the number of questionnaire responses in Lion-App was observed, with a decrease in responses with increasing age (P=.02). Sex-dependent analyses were only possible for the first usability test and the beta test. The main adjustments based on user feedback were a restructuring of the diary as well as integration of a shorter questionnaire to assess the QoL.

CONCLUSIONS

The iterative, user-centered approach for development and usability testing resulted in positive evaluations of Lion-App. Our app was rated as suitable for everyday use to monitor the QoL of patients with cancer. Initial results indicated that the sex and age of participants seem to play only a minor role.
Considerations while using Fitbit Data in the All of Us Research Program: Tutorial (Preprint)
Authors: Lederer Lauren , Breton Amanda , Jeong Hayoung , Master Hiral , Roghanizad Ali R , Dunn Jessilyn
Published: December 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Background:
Wearable biometric monitoring technologies (BioMeTs) have become increasingly popular in recent years, especially as BioMeTs have been improving, offering more capabilities and greater functionality to assess behaviors and physiology in free-living conditions. The All of Us Research Program (AoURP) is an initiative that is seeking to collect health-related information, such as BioMeT data, from a diverse cohort of over 1 million participants in the United States. AoURP participant BioMeT data is collected along with their electronic health record (EHR), biospecimens, surveys, and standardized physical measurements. The goal is for this data to be accessible to both researchers and participants to advance precision diagnosis, prevention, and treatment [1].

AoURP offers enhanced data access and analysis tools on its Researcher Workbench. The workbench includes access to BioMeT data, such as Fitbits [2]. With the increased use of such wearable devices in AoURP and other research and clinical settings, researchers might ask “How reliable are these devices?”, “What are the sources of biases one needs to account for when using this data for research?”, and “How does one account for said biases?”.

In this article, we examine the use of Fitbit data in the context of data originating from the AoURP. We focus on Fitbit devices given their wide market share [3, 4], the ongoing data-collection from Fitbit users in the All Of Us Research Program (e.g., Bring-Your-Own-Device Program) [5, 6], and this data’s availability to registered Researcher Workbench users [7]. Specifically, this article focuses on physical activity (steps and intensities) and heart rate data generated by Fitbits on a per day and per minute basis.

Objectives:
The aim of this tutorial is to (1) provide a background on the reliability and potential sources of bias associated with Fitbit data and (2) outline error mitigation strategies that can be considered to alleviate these biases.
Challenges of the 21st century and the role of the scientific student society in the training of relevant medical specialists
Authors: Novytskaya-Usenko L.V. , Tsarev A.V. , Kobelyatskyi Yu.Yu. , Usenko A.A.
Published: December 2022

The article outlines the main features of transformation of higher education depending on today’s requirements. It has been proven that the main task of higher medical education is the training of future competent specialists capable of creative independent work, which requires the ability to replenish accumulated knowledge in accordance with progressive achievements of medical science, to improve personal and moral qualities, and communication skills. We have demonstrated own experience on the functioning of the scientific student society in anesthesiology and intensive care as an essential element of university education, which serves as a method of individual support of students that allows identifying the most talented of them with purposeful involvement in scientific and research work. Possible directions of transformation of the work of the student scientific society in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic are presented.
Modern approaches to diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cerebral stroke
Authors: Zozulya I.S. , Volosovets A.O. , Zozulya A.I. , Volosovets O.P.
Published: December 2022

In Ukraine, the problem of stroke, like other cardiovascular diseases, is extremely acute: it leads to 67 % of all deaths. The Ministry of Health of Ukraine notes that more than 140,000 of our compatriots are diagnosed with stroke every year; 30–40 % of patients die in the first 3 days and up to 50 % — within a year; 20–40 % of survivors become dependent on external assistance (12.5 % of primary disability). All over the world, measures that can prevent the occurrence of a stroke, and methods for rehabilitation of people who have already developed it are of great importance in terms of solving the problem of vascular disasters. This article provides scientifically based etiopathogenetic mechanisms of cerebral stroke (ischemic, hemorrhagic), its diagnosis (clinical, instrumental, laboratory), diagnostic criteria for early detection and early emergency (urgent) medical care. Examples of providing care in the pre-hospital period, inpatient (stroke centers) stage — primary, secondary and tertiary care are given. The importance of early rehabilitation and preventive measures is emphasized. It is indicated that it is important to act urgently and to focus efforts where the greatest effectiveness in stroke prevention can be achieved.
A clinical case of aortic root abscess in a patient with mine blast injury complicated with surgical sepsis and self-drainage of the abscess
Authors: Boichak M.P. , Kominko L.V. , Sofienko S.V. , Gricenko O.M. , Tiron I.M. , Heneha M.B.
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes literature data on the development of aortic root abscess in patients with septic endocarditis, which is a frequent cause of this complication and requires immediate surgical treatment. At the same time, on the example of own clinical observation, it is shown that an aortic root abscess can also occur in patients with surgical sepsis as a manifestation of metastasis from an extracardiac septic focus in septicopyemia.
The Economic Efficiency of Rice Farming Production Factors in Karawang Region
Authors: Aenunnisa Nurul - , Hasan Zainul , Ayomi Nun Maulida Suci
Published: December 2022

The population's food needs are increasing during the COVID-19 pandemic. If the pandemic lasts longer, it is feared that a food crisis will occur, because residents will scramble to stock up on food. This study aims to analyze the efficiency level of rice productivity and the determinants that affect rice productivity to face the food crisis. This study uses secondary data and primary data, obtained from interviews. The data analysis method used is the Cobb-Douglas Stochastic Frontier Production Function approach with the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method and multiple linear regression, which is obtained using Stochastic Frontier Analysis and E-Views 8 analysis tools. Production of land area, seeds, and pesticides have a significant effect on rice production in Karawang Regency. While the use of production factors of urea fertilizer, NPK fertilizer, SP36 fertilizer and labors workdays did not have a significant effect on rice production in Karawang Regency. The level of technical efficiency in rice farming in Karawang Regency reaches 0.9607 which indicates that rice farming is technically close to efficient. The combination of the use of land area production factors, seeds, urea fertilizer, SP36 fertilizer in rice farming in Karawang Regency has not yet reached the optimal point that is economically efficient. The level of elasticity of production in rice farming in Karawang Regency reaches a value of 1.3971 so that rice production has a scale that is increasing return to scale.
Desaparición y no localización de niñas, niños y adolescentes en Sonora
Authors: Hernández Hernández Oscar Misael
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: analizar el fenómeno de la desaparición y de la no localización de niñas, niños y adolescentes en Sonora, México. Metodología: como fuente de información, se recopilaron fichas de búsqueda de la Alerta Amber Sonora difundidas en Twitter entre febrero de 2015 y abril de 2021. La información fue analizada en una base de datos construida mediante el programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Resultados: se encontró que, en la entidad, el fenómeno en cuestión tiene rasgos distintivos, tanto individuales (sexo de las niñas, niños o adolescentes y edad, entre otros) como estructurales (tiempo de las desapariciones o de las no localizaciones y el lugar del hecho). Limitaciones: solo se analizan las fichas de búsqueda de la Alerta Amber Sonora, por lo que la denuncia del delito y las inferencias pueden estar subrepresentadas. Conclusiones: tanto los rasgos individuales como estructurales del fenómeno están relacionados entre sí, por lo cual se concluye que estos son útiles para adentrarse en debates teóricos más amplios en torno a la desaparición forzada, a las fronteras entre desaparición y no localización de niñas, niños y adolescentes y a la articulación de redes o grupos criminales con el fenómeno en la región.
The Phenomenon of Negative Viscosity During the Stretching of Synoptic Ocean Eddies by Barotropic Currents
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Physics and  Technology, Harutyunyan David A.
Published: December 2022

An ensemble of synoptic oceanic vortices, which is influenced by background currents, can be represented as the quasi-two-dimensional mesoscale turbulence. The evolution of vortices in an ensemble can occur according to several scenarios: 1) initial merging of closely spaced vortices of the same name; 2) periodic or quasi-periodic evolution of horizontal dimensions with their limited change; 3) unlimited stretching of vortices in the horizontal plane. The work is aimed at demonstrating the possibility of negative viscosity manifestation in the defined water areas of the World Ocean at the stage of unrestricted stretching of mesoscale vortex structures by horizontal inho- mogeneous currents. The reason for the manifestation of negative viscosity in such a system is associated with the loss of energy of the elongated vortices and its redistribution into background currents.
Anthropogenically Induced Processes in the Land Waters of the Arctic Regions
Authors:   Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and  Analytical Chemistry, RAS, Moiseenko T.I. , Bazova M.M.
Published: December 2022

The characteristics of the development of anthropogenically induced processes in the land waters of the Arctic basin, such as eutrophication, acidification and toxic pollution in a changing climate, are characterized. The main changes in ecosystems and periods of occurrence of the most dangerous situations are shown. The criteria for diagnosing adverse processes and the need to tighten water quality standards for the waters of the Arctic regions are substantiated.
The Impact of Combined Trilingualism on Disabled People’s Language and Cognitive Behavior: An Integrative Model
Authors: Leshchenko Yulia , Dotsenko Tamara , Ostapenko Tat'yana
Published: December 2022

The study, The Impact of Combined Trilingualism on Disabled People’s Language and Cognitive Behavior: An Integrative Model, focuses on a number of highly topical issues concerning trilingualism as a unique linguistic and cognitive phenomenon. Exploring combined trilingualism (the acquisition of three languages under different conditions and at different ages), this work is based on experimental data derived from Russian bilinguals (native speakers of the Permyak and Russian languages or the Tatar and Russian languages) studying a third (English) as a foreign language. This resulted in an integrative combined trilingualism model consisting of three levels: 1) level of descriptive features of combined trilingualism determined by a number of variables; 2) level of language behavior representing specifics of cross-linguistic interactions in combined trilinguals which manifest themselves both in the mental lexicon structures and directly in speech; and 3) level of cognitive process modeling the influence of combined trilingualism on executive functions of a person.
Experimental Investigation on Flexural Behaviour of Ferrocement Laminates Using Different Forms of Meshes
Authors: Manikandhan Mr. KU. , Bala M Thiyaga
Published: December 2022

Abstract: The present study describes the results of testing ferrocement panels reinforced with of different types of meshes. The main objective of the study was to investigate the effect of different types of meshes as reinforcement in thin mortar specimen and select the best suitable mesh for further work. Types of meshes were used expanded metal mesh, galvanized woven mesh and welded mesh has a diameter of 1.58 mm. Size of openings are 20x35 mm, 10x10 mm and 15x15 mm. Panels of a size of 560x150x35 mm were reinforced with three layers of wire mesh. Panels were casted with mortar of mix proportion 1:2 and water cement ratio 0.40. The four specimens were tested under four-point loading system on universal testing machine after curing period of 7 days and eight specimens after curing period of 28 days. Test results shows that the flexural strength of the specimen with welded mesh exhibits greater flexural strength than other two types of meshes.