bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research of Indonesian license plates recognition on moving vehicles
Authors: Wijaya Marvin Chandra
Published: January 2023

The recognition of the characters in the license plate has been widely studied, but research to recognize the character of the license plate on a moving car is still rarely studied. License plate recognition on a moving car has several difficulties, for example capturing still images on moving images with non-blurred results. In addition, there are also several problems such as environmental disturbances (low lighting levels and heavy rain). In this study, a novel framework for recognizing license plate numbers is proposed that can overcome these problems. The proposed method in this study: detects moving vehicles, judges the existence of moving vehicles, captures moving vehicle images, deblurring images, locates license plates, extracts vertical edges, removes unnecessary edge lines, segments license plate locations, Indonesian license plate cutting character segmenting, character recognition. Experiments were carried out under several conditions: suitable conditions, poor lighting conditions (dawn, evening, and night), and unfavourable weather conditions (heavy rain, moderate rain, and light rain). In the experiment to test the success of the license plate number recognition, it was seen that the proposed method succeeded in recognizing 98.1 % of the total images tested. In unfavorable conditions such as poor lighting or when there are many disturbances such as rain, there is a decrease in the success rate of license plate recognition. Still, the proposed method's experimental results were higher than the method without deblurring by 1.7 %. There is still unsuccessful in recognizing license plates from the whole experiment due to a lot of noise. The noise can occur due to unfavourable environmental conditions such as heavy rain.
Decısıon makıng for car selectıon ın Vıetnam
Authors: Trung Do Duc , Tien Dung Hoang , Son Nguyen Hoai
Published: January 2023

Mid-priced cars (segment B) are attracting the attention of middle-income families in Vietnam. They often consider choosing one of three vehicles from three different manufacturers, consisting of Hyundai Accent 1.4AT, Toyota Vios 1.5G, and Honda City 1.5L. This study was carried out to rank those three cars. Twelve criteria for rating each car provided by the dealer were used. These criteria are both qualitative and quantitative, and also fall into all three types, including max, min and another (“Yes”, “No”). The importance of each criterion was determined by experts in a survey. They are all knowledgeable about cars. Two multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods including R (A simple ranking method for multi-attribute decision making in the industrial environment) and CURLI (Collaborative Unbiased Rank List Integration) method were applied for ranking. This is the first work that has used both methods mentioned above. The result revealed that the rank of the alternatives is the same when both the methods were used. This result gives us a certain confidence when choosing a car. Accordingly, Honda City 1.5L is ranked first. R and CURLI not only succeeded in ranking cars in this study, but also promise to be successful when used in other situations. Moreover, other criteria for evaluating the vehicle options that have not been surveyed in this study are mentioned in the last section of this paper. They need to be further considered to include in other next studies for car selection
Study of a local source of autonomous power supply on the basis of a diesel generator
Authors: Zachepa Iurii , Chenchevoi Volodymyr , Zachepa Nataliia , Chencheva Olga , Serhiienko Serhii
Published: January 2023

A mathematical model of a local autonomous power supply source based on a diesel generator set is presented. The source of primary mechanical energy is a diesel internal combustion engine with an automatic speed controller, operating on the Polzunov–Watt’s principle. The electric energy converter is an asynchronous motor operating in a generator mode with capacitor self-excitation. The complete set of such devices is carried out from the available and normally working components of technological, electrical and transport equipment. They are formed by the personnel of the relevant enterprises in the period preceding the accident, during its development or at the end of its active phase. Therefore, mathematical models of subsystems of a diesel engine, an asynchronous machine operating in a generator mode, capacitive self-excitation and a number of typical electricity consumers are represented by separate structural blocks with functional relationships and connected according to the principle of subordinate regulation. This form of representation makes it possible to carry out large-scale studies of the qualitative and quantitative indicators of the operation of diesel generator sets with various types of both internal combustion engines and asynchronous machines. The coincidence of the results of numerical simulation and full-scale experiments allows to judge the adequacy of the proposed mathematical model of a local autonomous power supply source with a diesel generator. The presented model combines algorithmic simplicity and high computational precision and will make it possible to determine the criteria for the trouble-free operation of autonomous power supply sources to provide energy to consumers of different categories
Electrical characterisation and analysis of dominant contributions in disordered semiconducting systems with an application to the pure bentonite material for civil engineering applications
Authors: Essaleh Mohamed , Bouferra Rachid , Belhouideg Soufiane , Oubani Mohamed , Bouchehma Abdeltif , Benjelloun Mohamed
Published: January 2023

Semiconductors and clay materials have significant applications in environmental, civil engineering and optoelectronic sectors. The application of an electric field to such systems is subject of many works. However, to understand the behaviour of such materials under the influence of an electric field, the perception of its electrical properties is essential. In the present study, the powerful technique of complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) is introduced to illustrate the electrical characteristics of two types of disordered semiconducting materials. These are Cu5In9Se16, an ordered defect compound of the I-III-VI2 family and a novel bentonite clay system which is an insulator at room temperature and semiconductor above 400 °C. Na-bentonite has been studied extensively because of its strong adsorption capacity and complexation ability while Cu5In9Se16 is considered for its use in solar and phtovoltaique domain. Some of selenides have turned out to be leading materials for electro-optical devices and the tellurides for thermoelectric power generation. It is very likely that study of bentonite clay and other similar materials may lead to the technology of heterojunction and clay composite. The frequency dependence of conductivity of bentonite was investigated using an impedance analyzer in the frequency range (20 Hz–1 MHz). The experimental data of CIS are analyzed using some analytical methods that take into account the effect of the grains and grain boundaries. The impedance data confirm the non-Debye behavior in these systems. Some important parameters related to the identified dominant contribution such as relaxation time and activation energies are estimated for the studied materials in the considered temperature and frequency ranges
Numerical simulation of the inlet channel geometry influence in the torque generated at the gravitation water vortex turbine
Authors: Burbano Andres , Sierra Jorge , Correa Edwin , Ruiz Alejandro , Sanin Daniel
Published: January 2023

The gravitational water vortex turbine is presented as an alternative for electric power generation for both low head and water flow conditions, additionally it is easy and low cost to implement and maintenance. However, the experimentally reported efficiencies motivate the scientific community to develop new geometries in order to improve its performance. First, it is not clear how the efficiency of the turbine is obtained and second, not all studies report it. The turbine is mainly made up of a tank, the rotor and the electric generator. The geometry of the tank is important because it stabilizes the fluid and in this component that the generation of the vortex is induced, which determines, added to other factors like tank geometry and runner, the global efficiency of the turbine. The primary purpose of this study is to compare numerically the torque generated at six (6) geometrical configurations of the basin inlet channel for Gravitational Vortex Turbine (GVT) with a Savonius rotor. The study was developed in ANSYS® CFX, where a transient state VOF model was configured with a BSL K − ω turbulence model and a discretization a discretization of the control volume made in the ICEM module. The highest torque was 0.553 Nm at 25 rpm for the trapezoidal curved inlet channel geometry, increasing the efficiency respect to the conventional Square inlet channel of the 2.73 %. The increase of tangential velocity contributes positively to the vortex generation, and consequently, an increase in torque is obtained. On the other hand, the design of the rotor considerably affects the performance of the GVT, where it may or may not take advantage of the kinetic energy of the vortex
Matkaopas lapsuuden historian tutkimukseen: Monitieteisiä näkökulmia ja menetelmiä
Authors: Vehkalahti Kaisa , Jouhki Essi , Lipkin Sanna , Sitomaniemi-San Johanna , Kuokkanen Tiina
Published: January 2023

A Guide to Studying the History of Childhood: Multidisciplinary Perspectives and Methods This edited volume is a handbook of research methodologies for the history of childhood. The history of childhood is a vibrant, multidisciplinary field that incorporates a rich variety of methodological approaches developed in disciplines across the social sciences and humanities, including archaeology, education, ethnology, literature, and history. The volume presents a collection of chapters that engage a range of different research traditions and employ different research material, conceptual tools, and methods of analysis for the historical study of childhood. In doing so, the volume attends to issues specific to the study of children and childhood, such as those related to research ethics and the theoretical complexities of defining ‘the child’ and ‘childhood’. While the central focus is on the history of childhood in Finland, the volume also includes international and transnational cases, contexts, and perspectives.
A Study on the Tea Spirit in Korea
Authors:   Association for International Tea Culture, Lee Jin-su
Published: January 2023

The spirit of Korean tea was examined focusing on Wonhyo(元曉)'s Hwajeong(和 靜), Seosan(西山) Ambassador's Cheongheo(淸虛), and Choui(艸衣)'s Musajungjeong (無邪中正). It is called Hwajeong(和靜) Idea by combining Wonhyo's Hwajaeng(和諍) and Jeong(靜) ideas, and it can be seen that the origin of Korean tea spirit has its roots in Wonhyo's Hwa(和) and Jeong(靜) spirit, and you can get a glimpse of Seosan's Cheongheo idea in a tea poem related to tea left by Seosan Daesa. It is a tea spirit that has an empty mind without clean and private greed. Through the various literature left by Choui, it can be seen that the spirit of tea is not biased to one side and is represented by the spirit of Musajungjeong(無邪中正), which means that it is right and appropriate without going too far. In Korea, in addition to Wonhyo, Seosan, and Chouiseonsa, many tea people expressed their tea spirit through literature, and through this study, we could see the spirit of the noble tea of our ancestors by correctly pointing out the Korean tea spirit. The Korean tea spirit leads to Wonhyo's Hwajeong, Seosan's Cheongheo, and Choui's Musajungjeong, and it can be said to be a proud tea spirit to remind future generations today.
A Study on Characteristics & Utilization amng Fruit Dasiks
Authors:   Association for International Tea Culture, Min Gyeong-suk
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare the taste (sensory evaluation) and usability of Dasik, a patterned pressed cake, prepared using special fruits produced in Gwangju and Jeonnam. Dasiks were prepared by establishing the recipe and manufacturing process used by . In the Dasik sensory evaluation in which producers and consumers participate, the highest preference was recorded for Yujadanja (citron), and was followed by sagwajeonggwa (apple), gotgamdanji (dried persimmon), and bijagangjeong (nutmet nut). Dasik appearance was excellent in yujadanja and sagwajeonggwa, and taste was excellent in sagwajeonggwa and gotgamdanji, Yujadanja, chestnutjeonggwa. In the utilization of Dasik, yujadanji was preferred for feasts, bamjeonggwa (chestnut) for birthday parties, daechooran (jujube) for year-end parties, and bijagangjeong for tea drinking. The most preferred Dasiks were yujadanji, gotgamdanji, and sagwajeonggwa excellent in color, odor, and texture, respectively. Increasing Dasik consumption requires active efforts to develop Dasik with superior properties.
Tracing the asymmetry of religiosity-based loyalty of Islamic bank depositors
Authors: Hanif Noor Athief Fauzul , Ma’ruf Aminudin
Published: January 2023

Religiosity is one of many essential aspects that stands as the motivation of people’s behaviour. Its importance expands to the field of banking, especially Islamic banks that take Islamic teaching as their backbone. This study aimed to seek religiosity motivation among Islamic bank depositors by exploring the possible asymmetric effect of interest rates on the type of deposits. By using the NARDL approach, this study investigates the relationship between the conventional deposit interest rate on the type of depositors and deposit maturity by using monthly data from April 2015 until March 2020 of Indonesia’s Islamic banks. The results show that government deposit in Islamic bank is not affected by the raise of interest rate. In addition, all deposits that showed the possibility of asymmetry effect indicated that the increase of interest rate (LIR+) has a positive coefficient. In general, Indonesian Islamic bank depositors’ are religiously loyal and not attracted to the fluctuation of interest rates. The result also found that short-run asymmetric dynamics show convergent to long-run asymmetry after an average of 15 months. As for the policy implications, stakeholders must ease the regulation of Islamic banks such as the conversion of conventional banks to Islamic banks, since it is proven that customers are mainly religiously driven.
PİYASA NİTELİKLERİ İLE ELEKTRİK VE TÜRKİYE’NİN SERBESTLEŞME SÜRECİ
Authors: ÖZGÜL Ali Ulvi
Published: January 2023

Son günlerin ekonomik konjonktürü elektriği ve serbestleşen piyasalarını tekrar ilgi odağı haline getirmiştir. Serbestleşme süreci öncesinde görünür olmayan kendine has özellikleri ile elektrik, farklı bir piyasa yapısını gerektirmektedir. Ayrıca, piyasa tasarımları ayrışabilmektedir. Bu çalışma, nitelikleri ve tedarik zincirine odaklanarak Türkiye Piyasası özelinde elektrik piyasalarının yapısını ve ticaretin büyük kısmının gerçekleştiği spot piyasaları ele almaktadır. Türkiye Piyasası, uzun bir zamana yayılan, ihtiyatlı bir yaklaşımla ve genel itibariyle Avrupa’nın yapılanma biçimini benimseyerek serbestleşme yolunda önemli merhale kat etmiştir. Marjinal fiyatlandırmanın geçerli olduğu Gün Öncesi Piyasası, katılımcıları tarafından kabul görmüş ve hacimde ikili anlaşmalar piyasasını aşarak beklenen kısa vadeli fiyat sinyali sağlama görevini yerine getirir hale gelmiştir. Diğer yandan, gelişmiş piyasaları takiben devreye alınan, piyasa katılımcılarına ilave dengeleme fırsatı sunan Gün İçi Piyasası da serbestleşme sürecini perçinlemiştir. Ancak, literatürde tartışılageldiği gibi serbestleşmeden beklenen hedeflere henüz ulaşılamamıştır. Sürecin “yeniden düzenleme” biçiminde inkıtalarla ilerleyeceği öngörülmektedir. Bu bağlamda düzenleyici, sistem/piyasa işletmecisinin açmazları öne çıkarılmaktadır.
Torque Estimation with Artificial Intelligence Methods in a Brushed Geared Dc Motor
Authors: BELLER Serkan
Published: January 2023

Today, with the advances in electricity-electronics, the usage areas of DC motors have increased considerably. DC motors have high starting torques and speed can be adjusted over a wide range. In the present experimental study, different weights connected to the motor shaft were rotated at different speeds, at variable distances, in the angle range of 0º-345º degrees. Thus, different torque values produced by the DC motor were observed. In some cases, the amount of torque produced at low rotational speeds may have non-linear values. This allows the use of artificial intelligence methods for accurate torque estimation. In the present study, different uses of Elman Backpropagation Neural Network (EBNN) and General Regression Neural Network (GRNN) are given for the estimation of the best torque values. Performance comparisons were made according to mean square error (MSE), regression coefficient (R2), root square error (RSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) values.
ONTOLOGY OF THE WILL — GEIGER, PFÄNDER, HUSSERL
Authors:   University of Klagenfurt, NEUMANN DANIEL
Published: January 2023

A phenomenological approach to the ontology of the will could be rendered along three positions: Firstly, the willing I is completely immanent in its experience, such that one can only will, and know that one wills, by reflecting on the actual experience of willing. Secondly, one could hold that the will, while being analyzable as a conscious phenomenon, is itself a real psychic force driving one’s motivations and actions without one necessarily being aware of it. The third position would argue that the reality of the will is not exhausted by the way it is experienced, but that its real causes are not necessarily part of a complete phenomenological investigation. I discuss the phenomenology of the will of Alexander Pfänder, Moritz Geiger and Edmund Husserl along this realist-transcendentalist spectrum. My basic concern here is a critical examination of the phenomenological approach to an entity beyond experience which is responsible for the experienced volitions. I will proceed in three steps, based on the distinction of volitions into three parts. Firstly, I ask what antecedes a volition in order to determine its phenomenal and ontological causes. Secondly, the analysis of the apperception of willing clarifies in what sense an “I” is experienced as the real or phenomenal cause of its volition. Thirdly, the discussion of the realization of the volition will address the role that this “I” subsequently plays in the process of fulfilling its intent. The paper develops the ways in which the ontology of the “willing I” limits and shapes the conception of the intentional relation between willing and desiring consciousness and its contents.
THE “WATERWHEEL” OF GUILT: THE TAUTOLOGY OF CONSCIENCE IN WITTGENSTEIN’S NOTES
Authors:   HSE University, CHERNAVIN GEORGY
Published: January 2023

The implicit conception of conscience from Ludwig Wittgenstein’s notes from 1929 is brought into comparison with the theory of conscience as a paradoxical identity of guilt and innocence by Philip Konrad Marheineke (which served as a pattern for Kierkegaardian concept of “despair”) and of conscience as a (grammatical and temporal) redoubling by Vladimir Jankélévitch. Wittgensteinian views on conscience and feeling of guilt tend to Marheineke-Kierkegaard’s model (the guilt hides in innocence and vice versa) and to Jankélévitch’s model (the wrongdoing from the past makes us regret the innocence which preceded it in a far remote past). I explore these tautological models of conscience using the example of Wittgensteinian metaphor of “waterwheel”: of an engineering failure producing a constant sentiment of guilt. Austrian philosopher describes his “incapacity to think” as a source of background, freely floating guilt. “Uselessness” and “mediocrity” or as he puts it “groundlessness of your own existence” altogether with “incapacity to think”—those are the self-accusations of the thinker. This torturing state he at the same time considers to be the source of his own philosophical productivity. Would a conscience be possible which would be free of this tautological structure and of this endless “rumination” of the petty guilt? The article proposes a hypothesis how one could break the tautological circle of an idling scrupulous conscience.
ON HEIDEGGER AND ORTEGA Y GASSET: THE SPANISH BEING AND ITS TRAGIC CONDITION OF EXISTENCE
Authors:   University of Seville, Department of Aesthetics and History of Philosophy, GARRIDO PERIÑÁN JUAN JOSÉ
Published: January 2023

From a biographical description made by the German thinker Martin Heidegger of the Spanish thinker José Ortega y Gasset, this article sets out to explore how Heideggerian philosophy requires a tragic condition for its development and promotion. The first part of the article attempts to justify why Heidegger’s thinking would fit harmoniously within Ortega’s description of Spanish culture and his vision of death. The notion of death is approached as a cultural and philosophical problem of great relevance in order to understand the being-in-the-world of a specific society or nation. In our case, we try to show that Ortega’s description of Spain as a philosophical and cultural problem at least coincides with the phenomenological-existential description that Heidegger develops in Being and Time. In its second part, through Heidegger’s dialogue with Hölderlin, an attempt is made to show how this tragic need for philosophising continues in Heidegger’s work. Finally, it concludes by leaving the reader with a question: was Heidegger a Southern-Spanish thinker?
THE PROBLEM OF THE CATEGORIAL IN THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF PERCEPTION: HUSSERL AND HEIDEGGER
Authors:   HSE University, MELNIKOVA EKATERINA
Published: January 2023

The article aims to show that the task of grounding categorial constituents in the specific founded acts of perception yields the problem field of phenomenological inquiry, within the framework of which remains Heidegger’s project of fundamental ontology. To achieve this goal the article reconstructs, first, the problem of the possibility of a priori correspondence between meaning and intuition of the intentional act; second, the phenomenological justification of extension of the traditional concept of truth, as a result of which truth characteristic expands to intentional acts structured in a certain way, namely acts of total agreement between meaning and intuition (identification acts); third, the problem of the “categorial” in the phenomenological analysis of perception, which includes the extension of the concept of perception, limited in transcendental philosophy to the area of sensible intuitions, and justification of the specific categorial acts. On this basis, the article demonstrates that (1) phenomenology in a certain sense continues the project of transcendental philosophy, but the idea of a priori correspondence between notion and intuition within the framework of structural analysis of intentionality forms a new research problem. (2) The phenomenological understanding of truth in terms of the dynamics of empty and filled meaning intention is significant for the concept of truth presented by Heidegger in Being and Time. Heidegger explicates the concept of the truth in fundamental ontology based on the idea of identification. (3) The extension of the concept of object to its categorial constitution justified by Husserl provides fundamental ontology with the research subject. Heidegger interprets the categories, phenomenally represented in acts of categorial intuition, as a priori structures of the being of beings. The study also ascertains that new concepts of Husserl’s phenomenology saturate the conceptual framework of fundamental ontology. However, Heidegger also rethinks the key concepts of phenomenology in accordance with objectives which are different from the original objectives of the project of phenomenology designed by Husserl.
Epixylic diversity in an old-growth boreal forest is influenced by dynamic substrate attributes
Authors: Kushnevskaya Helena , Borovichev Eugene , Shorohova Ekaterina
Published: January 2023

Quantifying the factors influencing wood-inhabiting species in boreal forests is crucial for better understanding of their ecology and conservation needs. We estimated the influence of substrate attributes on epixylic diversity on logs of Picea abies, Betula pubescens, B. pendula, Populus tremula and Pinus sylvestris in a mixed European old-growth boreal forest with high substrate availability and continuity. The number of species of different taxonomic and substrate groups in respect of log attributes was estimated with generalized linear models. The composition of epixylic communities was analysed using non-metric multidimensional scaling with subsequent environmental fitting. Additionally, we calculated species interaction networks of log (tree) species and epixylic plants and lichens. Species richness per log decreased with the increasing height above the ground and increased with the increasing amount of accumulated litter. True epixylics were the most sensitive to a log position above the ground. Aspen and conifer logs harbored the highest richness of rare species of lichens and liverworts. Birch logs hosted mainly species with wide substrate amplitude. The whole epixylic community specialization index decreased in the order lichens, liverworts, mosses, vascular plants. Tree species identity and associated attributes (bark cover, pH etc.) as well as ‘dynamic’ attributes (accumulation of litter, wood decomposition and time since tree death) influenced the total species number, their taxonomic diversity, and the composition of epixylic communities. Our results indicate the importance of wood of various age and tree species for the conservation of epixylic diversity in boreal forests.
Creation, working principles, development of applied and fundamental scientific activities of the Collection of Cell Cultures of Vertebrates
Authors: Poljanskaya Galina , Bobkov Danila , Koltsova Anna , Musorina Anastasia , Mikhailova Natalia
Published: January 2023

The review presents the history of the creation of the "Collection of Cell Cultures of Vertebrate" (CCCV), which has been in operation for over 40 years. The working principles, comprising seven points and covering both the practical and scientific activities of the CCCV, are discussed. Part of the review is aimed at describing the amount of hands-on work associated with service delivery to CCCV’s users representing various institutions in the Russian Federation. The quantitative indicators presented are evidence of the active practical activity of the CCCV. Another part of the review is dedicated to the CCCV's many years of scientific work. It consists of a description of the work in 6 scientific areas throughout the lifetime of the CCCV. In conclusion, scientific and information activities of the CCCV, and participation in various State programs are indicated.
Analysis of “historical” DNA of museum samples resolve taxonomic, nomenclature and biogeography issues: case study of true lemmings
Authors: Abramson Nataliya , Petrova Tatyana , Dokuchaev Nikolay
Published: January 2023

Historical DNA of museum specimens is of paramount importance in elucidation of complex nomenclature issues and a priceless source of material gathered during preceding centuries in hardly accessible today sites. Here we report the results of genotyping type specimens of Lemmus obensis bungei Vinogradov, 1925 from the collection of the Zoological Institute RAS and specimens of lemmings from the upper streams of the Omolon River, identified as L. amurensis from the collection of the Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian branch of RAS. The genetic profile of the type specimens in the first case was crucial for the nomenclatural solution as these specimens are from the point of the major evolutionary divergence on the Lena River. The results of the study convincingly showed that the lectotype belong to the eastern mitochondrial lineage of L. sibiricus. Therefore, if ever in the further studies it would be conclusively shown that this mitochondrial lineage may become a valid taxon of any rank, then names “novosibiricus”, “ognevi”, “portenkoi” will become younger synonyms of “bungei”. The new obtained sequences of the specimens from the Omolon prove initially wrong assignment and represent L. sibiricus eastern lineage.
Anthologies of Writings by Dong Qichang “Huachanshi suibi” from the Chinese Collection of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors:   State Hermitage Museum, Petrov Konstantin K. ,   Russian Federation Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2023

The paper concentrates on the description of a written monument of Chinese aesthetic thought - the anthology “Notes from the Cabinet of Chan Painting” by the politician, artist, calligrapher and art theorist of the end of the Ming era (1368-1644) Dong Qichang (1555-1636). Two woodblock printed editions of this anthology dated 1720 and 1911 are preserved in the Chinese collection of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences and so far remain understudied. The paper considers the possible translations of the title of the book into the Russian and English languages, investigates the history of different publications of the monument, describes the formal features of block books, and conducts a comparative analysis of existing editions. The discovered textual discrepancies between different editions of the anthology make it clear that in the Qing era (1644-1912) “Notes” experienced the harmful influence of the “literary inquisition”, not having escaped the fate of many works of the Ming era. A textual and comprehensive analysis of several fragments shows that the earlier edition of 1720 has greater completeness and integrity. In addition, even a formal examination of the monument makes it possible to identify a whole range of historical problems, not related directly to aesthetic thought, which can be studied with the use of the “Notes” as a source. Such issues include the historyof art collecting by Chinese nobles, the socio-economic and political development of late Ming China, the relationships between the Ming Empire and the Manchus, the problem of censorship in the Qing era, etc.
St Ambrose of Milan, the Roman See and the development of the church organization in Illyricum at the end of the 4th century
Authors:   St Tikhon’s Orthodox University, Zakharov Georgy E.
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of regional consolidation of the episcopate in the Late Antiquity. The author tried to show that such processes were developing at once in two interconnected, but fundamentally different planes: hierarchical, which implied primacy of some sees within a particular region, and “party”, associated with the division of the episcopate in the framework of the Arian controversy in small consolidated groups (“micro-parties”), coordinating their theological positions and church-political activities. At the same time, although the “party” mechanisms were often more effective in the conditions of church-political struggle, they could not, in principle, be translated into a normative plane, while hierarchical principles found some fixation in the ecclesiastical canons. After examining in detail the evidence of sources related to the relationship of St Ambrose of Milan and the Illyrian episcopate, the author came to the conclusion that these contacts fit rather into the “party” paradigm and were largely determined by the regional confrontation between Nicenes and Homoians. In this regard, the current idea about the struggle between Milan and Rome for the hierarchical subordination of the Illyrian Churches do not seem to be justified.
Effect of the Ultraviolet Radiation on the Lens
Authors: Borges-Rodríguez Yissell , Morales-Cueto Rodrigo , Rivillas-Acevedo Lina
Published: January 2023

The lens is a transparent, biconvex anatomical structure of the eyes responsible for light
transmission and fine focusing on the retina. It is fundamentally constituted by water-soluble proteins
called crystallins which are responsible for lens transparency due to their stable and highly organized
disposition in the lens fiber cells. Some conformational changes and the subsequent aggregation of
crystallins lead to loss of transparency in the lens and are the beginning of cataracts, which is the most
frequent cause of reversible blindness in the world. Ultraviolet radiation is considered one of the risk
factors for cataract development. The lens is exposed to radiation between 295 and 400 nm. This UV
radiation may induce several processes that destroy the crystallins; the most significant is the oxidative
stress due to increased free radicals formation. The oxidative stress is directly involved in modifications
of the crystallin proteins leading to the formation of high molecular weight aggregates and then
the subsequent opacification of the lens, known as cataracts. This review aims to summarize current
knowledge about the damage of the lens proteins caused by ultraviolet radiation and its role in developing
cataracts.
Induction of Caspase-dependent Apoptosis in Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal
Stem Cells Due to Di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate Toxicity was Found
to Arrest the Cell Cycle at the G1 Stage
Authors: Hussein Abnosi Mohammad , Javad Sargolzaei , Zahra Shayeganfar
Published: January 2023

Background:

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is used as a plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride
products which is widely utilized. Previously we found, DEHP reduced the viability and proliferation
ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).

Objective:

In the present study, the mechanism of DEHP toxicity was investigated.

Methods:

Rat BMSCs were cultured up to 3rd passage and their viability was determined after treatment
with 100 and 500 μM of DEHP for 24 and 48 hours. The levels of sodium, potassium, and calcium as
well as induction of apoptosis were investigated. Using flow cytometry, cell cycle analysis was performed
and the expression of genes involved in the cell cycle was evaluated using reverse transcriptase-PCR.
Data were analyzed and p < 0.05 was taken as the level of significance.

Results:

Although the viability and electrolyte level of BMSCs were not affected with 100 μM of DEHP,
this environmental pollution induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner.
In both of the concentrations, DEHP arrests the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, and the expression of Cdk2
and Cdk4 was significantly reduced whereas an over-expression of P53 was observed. However, the expression
of the raf1 gene remained unchanged.

Conclusion:

DEHP induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in BMSCs and arrests the cell cycle due to the
reduction of Cdk2 and Cdk4 expression via over-expression of P53.
Status of α-emitter Radioimmunoconjugates for Targeted Therapy
Authors: Mobina Rabiei , Vaez Alaei Ahmad Reza , Yousefnia Hassan
Published: January 2023

This minireview describes the global situation of ongoing research and development
and the clinical application of alpha emitter labeled immunoconjugates with various alpha emitters
with an overview of the future trends. The potentially helpful alpha emitter radioisotopes for
medical applications, chelators, and immunomolecules of interest for future alpha
radioimmunotherapy are discussed. Challenges and some suggested future works on chelators are
also presented.
The Antibacterial Effect of Tetracycline-loaded Mesoporous Silica
Nanoparticles in the Gingival Fluid at Implant-abutment Junction:
A Randomized Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Mirzaali Fahimeh , Dizaj Solmaz Maleki , Shahi Shahriar , Memar Mohammad Yousef , Parnia Feridoun
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Dental implant failure due to periodontal disease caused by anaerobic
pathogens occurs, especially in the first year of implant placement. The aim of this clinical trial
study was to compare the antibacterial effect of tetracycline gel and gel containing tetracyclineloaded
mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) in the gingival crevice fluid of the implantabutment
junction as a randomized clinical trial study.

Materials and Methods:

Fourteen patients applying for implants in the posterior mandibular region
were included in the study. During the uncovering session, tetracycline gel and gel containing
tetracycline-loaded MSNs were placed in two implants and no substance was placed in the control
group. Then, in three sessions, including molding, prosthesis delivery, and one month after delivery,
the patient's gingival fluid was sampled and the number of bacteria in the gingival fluid was
measured by colony-forming units (CFU/mL).

Results:

The results of this study showed that in all three stages of sampling, the use of tetracycline
gel and gel containing MSNs loaded with tetracycline significantly reduced the CFU/mL of
gingival crevice fluid compared to the control group. Tetracycline-loaded MSNs gel showed significantly
lower CFU/mL than tetracycline gel. The release of tetracycline from nanoparticles keep
continue for a longer time compared to tetracycline gel.

Conclusion:

The use of nano-based delivery systems containing antibiotics inside the implant
fixture can reduce the bacterial count of the implant-abutment junction and then improve implant
stability.
Bat Coronaviruses in the World
Authors: Scheffer Karin Correa , Cunha Neto Rene dos Santos , Oliveira Fahl Willian de , Zamudio Raphaela Mello , Zamudio Marcela Mello , Asano Karen Miyuki , Rodrigues Chierato Maria Eduarda , Pavani Pedrozo Débora Fernanda , Mori Enio , Iamamoto Keila , Cocchi Micheli , Chaves Luciana Botelho , Rodrigues da Silva Andréa de Cássia , Ruthner Batista Helena Beatriz de Carvalho
Published: January 2023

Bats belong to the second-largest order in a number of species diversity
within the Mammalia class, containing 21 families and more than 1300 species. It is
estimated that more than 200 viruses from 28 families have been isolated or detected in
37 different bat genera, many of them related to emerging infectious diseases with the
potential to cross species barriers and infect other animals. The group of coronaviruses
(CoV) is one of these viruses, which includes CoVs that can cause serious diseases in
humans and animals, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East
respiratory syndrome (MERS), porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), swine acute diarrheal
syndrome (SADS) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Some of the human and
animal coronaviruses appear to be originated from bats. With the advent of new
generation molecular techniques and increased surveillance of wild animal species,
many new coronaviruses have been identified. The coronaviruses belong to the
Nidovirales order and Coronaviridae family. The subfamily Coronavirinae is divided
into four genera, Alphacoronavirus (alphaCoV), Betacoronavirus (betaCoV),
Deltacoronavirus, and Gammacoronavirus. Since the first report of coronavirus in a
Miniopterus pusillus bat, the coronavirus occurrence in a bats population of different
regions in the world has been studied and, until now, both alphaCoV and betaCoV have
been detected. The aim of this study was to perform a literature review regarding the
detection of coronavirus (alphaCoV or betaCoV) in different bat species around the
world and their immune response against coronavirus. This review reinforces the
importance of these animals as hosts, reservoirs, or sources of viruses, including
emerging viruses.
Hospital Challenges During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zarka Salman , Abu-Saleh Ala , Srour Saher , Edelstein Shimon , Skorecki Karl , Abu-Jabal Kamal , Abu-Saleh Nashat
Published: January 2023

COVID-19, was detected in Israel in February 2020. The local government made decisions regarding the different aspects of crisis management, including hospitalization capacity, and each hospital was required to arrange its facilities accordingly to deal with the new threat and its regional impact. While hospitals in Israel are prepared for emergencies, especially trauma events, they still have to adapt according to the newly emerging threats. Ziv Medical Center (ZMC), located in Northern Israel, has long-standing experience with mass-casualty events, especially war situations. This gained experience had to be adapted to the pandemic needs. In turn, new management processes were developed to support the routine work of the hospital and to address the new needs of COVID-19 patients. This chapter presents the three major challenges posed by the new situation, i.e., protecting staff and patients from infection, tending to the medical needs of COVID-19 patients, and preserving routine hospital activities. The technical (new facilities) and managerial (decisionmaking process) adaptations required to manage the crisis, are detailed. Lessons learned include the need to define and optimally manage the “3 S”: Staff, Space, and Supply, to overcome the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, with the staff being the most critical resource for success.
Common and Rare Dermatologic Manifestations Registered in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Boukani Linda Mohammadzadeh , Mortezania Zohreh , Shabestari Alireza Mohammadzadeh , Eshaghizadeh Parisa , Hosseini Seyyedeh Touran , Daemi Amin , Döğüş Yusuf , Yönden Zafer
Published: January 2023

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) causes a severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that has become a pandemic. In spite of
several studies, the more time passes, the more symptoms are reported among COVID-19 patients. Surprisingly, numerous dermatological manifestations are also reported.
This chapter focuses on the dermatological manifestations caused by COVID-19
infection. We overviewed and classified common and rare dermatological symptoms
among COVID-19 patients and their pathophysiological mechanisms. We also discuss
appropriate therapeutic management and attitudes, which may provide insights for
dealing with similar cases in medical centers.
Transition Metal Doped Spintronics Materials
Authors: Saravanan R.
Published: January 2023

The book presents new research on the synthesis and characterization of various oxide based dilute magnetic spintronics materials (ODMS). The characterization techniques included powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry and UV visible spectrometry. The morphological, magnetic and optical properties are reported. Electron density distribution studies are presented in the form of three, two and one dimensional electron density maps.
The problem of human dignity in its theological connotations under the conditions of the war of the russia against Ukraine
Authors: Kulahina-Stadnichenko Hanna
Published: January 2023

The author draws attention to the problem of human dignity as the basis of civilizational coexistence of subjects of different religious and secular beliefs. It is shown that neither international legal documents nor theological concepts provide a clear definition of the term “dignity”. Different readings refer to the meaningful, structural, dynamic meaning of this term. Based on the religious principles of tolerance, non-involvement and objectivity, this article examines human dignity in its theological connotations in view of the challenges of modern Ukrainian realities. The current positions of religious organizations, which traditionally enjoy the considerable trust of Ukrainian society, are articulated. Based on the generalization of the theoretical material and the statements of religious leaders of various denominations, the author concludes that in the conditions of the impossibility of political dialogue in the context of reconciliation with the aggressor, the idea of interreligious dialogue also needs urgent reconstruction, in particular, in particular, a direct answer to the question of whether dialogue can be the mission of the Church, conducted by it at the cost of truth and, at the same time, indulging human dignity, is needed.
Spiritual practices of zen buddhism in the conditions of globalization challenges of modern times
Authors: Donets Oleksandr
Published: January 2023

The article studies the specifics of Zen Buddhism spiritual practices that influence the spread of their popularity in the contemporary Western globalised world. Zen Buddhism insists on the need for inner spiritual experience, which is directly opposed to authority and external revelation. Zen Buddhism primarily emphasises individual effort in overcoming the separation of the world into opposites, which is the result of the thinking activity. The difference between the religious system of Zen Buddhism is that Zen Buddhism, with its enlightenment, does not depend on sacred books and texts (as, for example, in Christianity, which formed the Western world system); Zen is also primarily non-verbal. The experience of enlightenment cannot be shared with others. Zen practice is a cultivated path, which at the same time has no ultimate goal or meaning; here the path (life in the inevitable) is already a "satori" here and now, which constantly flows through human existence. The relevance and novelty of the study are due to the highlighting of the features of spiritual practices of Zen Buddhism as a way of self-knowledge of a person, "returning to oneself", which ensures its active spread in modern Western society. It is determined that the essence of Zen Buddhism mysticism is that the most real is the abstract, and vice versa. The whole system of spiritual practices is the product of this essential inner spiritual experience. This mysticism often prevents us from measuring the depth of the Eastern mind in terms of Western rationalism because it denies logical analysis by its very nature. The Eastern mind is synthetic. It does not attach too much importance to insignificant trivialities. Still, it strives for an intuitive understanding of the whole, which reaches the spiritual philosophy of Zen in the daily practical challenges of the globalised world. The features of the influence of the spiritual system of Zen Buddhism on Japanese art are also analysed. The conclusions underline that Zen Buddhism has had a significant impact both directly on the religious and cultural life of the Japanese and world culture in general. The popularity of the spiritual practices of Zen Buddhism in Western society is due to their idea of breaking a person out of the subject-object dichotomy, which leads to the separation of the spiritual essence of man, and causes social conflicts. Zen has unique aesthetics, which include a high appreciation of moderation, asymmetry, imperfection, simplicity, and naturalness. In simple beauty and simplicity (transformation of "poverty" into a kind of minimalism), the Japanese find a unique charm and a source of true beauty.