bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthetic Strategies and Medicinal Properties of β-Lactams
Authors: Kidwai M. , Sapra P. , Shushan K.R.
Published: March 2022

More than five decades since the Discovery of Penicillin, the chemistry and biological activity of -lactams continue to attract the wide spread attention of research workers. Owing to high efficacy and extremely safe toxicological profile, they are agents of choice in the current therapeutic index for the bacterial infectious diseases. Tremendous efforts have been made into synthesis and structural modification of the -lactam nucleus to
increase antimicrobial activity and pharmacokinetic performance. These efforts resulted in the
development of ampicillin, amoxicillin and a group of cephalosporins as clinically effective therapeutic agents. However the rapid emergence of bacterial strains resistant to most generally used members of this class of compound stimulated research for novel -lactams, stable to P­ lactamase and possess high potency, broad spectrum of activity both in vitro and in vivo. The mode of action of P-lactams is to inhibit an enzyme 'transpeptidase', penicillin binding proteins, critical in the production of bacterial cell wall.
Molecular Flexibility Profiling Using NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Detlefsen David J. , Hill Susan E. , Day Susan H. , Lee Mike S.
Published: March 2022

Molecular flexibility is a factor that is not extensively studied in most pharmaceutical research efforts. When it is, the level of effort is high involving the preparation of detailed models supported by either molecular dynamics simulations and/or Nuclear Magnetic Resonance data. While these studies are both powerful and illuminating, they cannot be routinely applied in a drug discovery setting as they are time and expertise intensive. Yet there seems to be little doubt that at least in some cases, molecular flexibility plays a key role in complex formation. A
simple, rapid and generally applicable flexibility profiling protocol was applied to two model
systems and data describing the internal mobility of carbon atoms were obtained. The protocol
utilizes the Model Free approach and NMR data to characterize the internal molecular dynamics of these compounds. The first model system consisted of fluorene and diphenylmethane where the anticipated flexibility trends were observed in the data providing a link between chemical intuition and the experimental results. Data on a second model system, which consisted of two Paclitaxel analogs, showed predictable patterns including dynamical phenyl and methyl groups and a relatively immobile taxane core. Subtle differences in the internal dynamics within the taxane core suggest that it cannot be considered as a rigid structure. Key advantages of using this approach are that no prior knowledge or supposition of dynamical features is required, the protocol can be carried out in most medicinal chemistry laboratories and the data obtained provide a common, empirically derived reference point to discuss the effects of molecular flexibility on activity.
Recent Advances in Neurokinin Receptor Antagonists
Authors: Gao Zhongli , Peet Norton P.
Published: March 2022

The structurally related neuropeptides, substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA), and neurokinin B (NKB), which belong to a family of molecules termed tachykinins and are widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, influence the function of many tissues. SP and NKA have links to the fol)owing chronic diseases: asthma, inflammatory bowel disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, pain and psychiatric disorders. These peptides exert their effects through three G-protein coupled receptor sub types, namely, the NK1, NK2, and NK3 receptors. Non-peptide antagonists of these receptors may provide opportunities for disease treatments. In this review, the very recent advances in nonpeptide neurokinin receptor antagonists will be described with an emphasis on structure-activity relationships which have been developed.
Optimization of Nanoscience Parameters for Extracting Phenolic Compounds
from Ficus religiosa by Three-Phase Partitioning (TPP) Method
Authors: Rane Nitin M. , Shewale Sandeep P.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Phenolic compounds are generally found in different parts of various herbs
and plants such as leaves, barks, seeds, fruits, etc. These compounds show numerous bioactive properties,
including antioxidant characteristics. Phenolic compounds obtained from beneficial herbs and dietary
plants include flavonoids and tannins. In recent times, nanoscience has proved to be extensively
helpful in extracting bioactive components. Additionally, nanomaterials have made a considerable
contribution to the development of methodical techniques to retain superiority in processing foods and
medicines.

Objective:

Of late, the process of extraction of nano-bioactive composites from natural resources has
gained significant interest as these composites are used in manufacturing a wide range of products
such as foods, paints, and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, there is a requirement to separate natural products
to identify new nano-bioactive compounds that have the potential to improve the developed techniques.

Methods:

This research focuses on optimizing the experimental parameters to extract the phenolic
compounds from Ficus religiosa (banyan leaves) by the three-phase partitioning (TPP) method. TPP is
an advanced method that is widely used for the extraction, concentration, and purification of various
nano-based bioactive compounds and enzymes.

Results:

During the investigation, various experimental parameters have been studied to obtain the
maximum concentration of phenolic compounds from the dried powder of the Ficus religiosa leaves.
The optimised results were found to be as follows: 30% of ammonium sulphate, solute to the solvent
in the ratio of 1:20 (v/v), and slurry to t-butanol in the ratio of 1:1.

Conclusion:

The experimental results showed that the TPP method is very efficient as it needs minimum
time to complete the extraction compared to the conventional solvent-based stirred batch extraction
method.
Uterine Angiolipoleiomyoma with US, CT, and MRI Findings: A Case
Report
Authors: Park Jinyoung , Seo Geojeong , Lee Eunjoo , Han Jiyeon , Kim Dasom , Kim Donghyun , Park Jungwon , Kwag Minha , Park Hayoung
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Angiolipoleiomyoma (ALLM) is a rare hamartomatous tumor of mesenchymal
origin composed of smooth muscle, mature adipose tissue, and blood vessels in various proportions.
Because of its histologic similarity to renal angiomyolipoma (AML), it is also called uterine
angiomyolipoma. Preoperative diagnosis of uterine ALLM is very challenging due to its uncommon
incidence and absence of established characteristic imaging findings.

Case Description:

A 50-year-old multiparous female patient visited our institution for gynecologic
screening. Transvaginal sonography (TVS), Abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT), and pelvic
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed large well-defined masses involving the posterior uterine
wall with rectal indentation. The patient underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy for this tumor and
the histopathological diagnosis was uterine ALLM.

Conclusion:

This report would contribute to understanding and establishing the radiologic findings of
the uterine ALLM. Considering the benign characteristics and favorable prognosis of this rare tumor,
familiarity with its imaging findings by radiologists will guide clinicians in better patient management
and prevention of unnecessary radical surgery.
Changes in Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease
Depending on the Status of D3
Authors: Pastukhova Yulia , Luzza Francesco , Shevel Sviatoslav , Savchuk Oleksii , Ostapchenko Liudmyla , Falalyeyeva Tetyana , Molochek Nataliia , Kuryk Olena , Korotkyi Oleksandr , Kobyliak Nazarii
Published: March 2022

Background:

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia as
a result of insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion. A relatively large number of patients
with this type of diabetes have abdominal obesity, which also affects insulin resistance
development. Chronic hyperglycemia can lead to damage and dysfunction of various organs, and a
striking example is diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is a specific kind of kidney damage
that occurs due to complications of diabetes and is accompanied by the formation of diffuse or
nodular glomerulosclerosis, which can lead to terminal renal failure and requires immediate
substitution through renal therapy or renal transplantation. Diabetic nephropathy is diagnosed with
albuminuria and a decrease in the rate of glomerular filtration.

Methods:

This review was based on a literature search for the most important evidence of vitamin
D as a possible method of prevention for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and diabetic nephropathy.
Collected published articles were summarized according to their overall themes.

Results:

In this review, we considered vitamin D as a possible method of treatment for type 2
diabetes, as well as its complications, including diabetic nephropathy.

Conclusion:

Studies show that vitamin D inhibits the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,
resulting in improved renal function in diabetic nephropathy. Vitamin D also has antiinflammatory,
antiproliferative, and anti-metastatic effects, which improve endothelial function.
Role of Medicinal Plants in Combating Anti-depressant Induced Male
Infertility
Authors: Raval Manan , Gori Pooja , Patel Samir , Vyas Niraj
Published: March 2022

Depression is a complex neurological disorder. More than two hundred million people
are affected by depression. Antidepressant drugs prescribed to alleviate the symptoms associated
with depression can interact with the neuroendocrine system and alter the level of neurotransmitters
in the CNS. Dopamine, serotonin, testosterone, and other hormones influence human reproductive
functions and sexual behavior. Antidepressant drugs induce multiple hormonal and neurochemical
changes throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. They were found to impair male sexual
function by altering the concentration of androgenic hormones. Moreover, they were found to
deteriorate semen parameters and adversely affect the integrity of sperm DNA. The paper describes
the role of antidepressants in inducing male infertility and the potential of traditionally used medicinal
plants in restoring male fertility, which is compromised by antidepressants. Medicinal plants
have been reported to restore testosterone, FSH, and LH level in patients who consume antidepressants.
Although the studies could not provide a specific mechanism, it has been reported that the
plants showed the ability to upregulated antioxidant pathways and counter the oxidative stress induced
by antioxidants which inhibit sperm DNA damage and improve semen parameters.
Role of Caffeine in Inducing Anxiety by Reducing Brain Serotonin Synthesis Blocking Adenosine Receptors (A1, A2A, A2B, and A3)
Authors: Anwar Siraj , Verma Pooja , Dutt Rohit
Published: March 2022

Caffeine is well-known for its stimulant characteristics and is included in a wide variety
of foods, drinks, and pharmaceutical formulations worldwide. However, the methods by which caffeine
exerts its effects on the brain were unknown until the past decade, when the development of
strong research tools enabled scientists to explore the drug's neuropharmacological and biochemical
characteristics. Serotonin, especially in sensitive people, also tends to decrease anxiety. Most of
their biological effects are caused by antagonising all kinds of adenosine receptors (ARs): A1, A2A,
A2B, and A3. Serotonin is a key Central Nervous System (CNS) neurotransmitter. The deregulation
of the transmission of serotonin in the CNS is known to be associated with many human mental illnesses,
including impulsive aggressiveness, depression, and anxiety disorders.
Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II HLA-DRB1 Allelic Epitopes in
Fibromyalgia
Authors: Puri Basant K. , Lee Gary S. , Schwarzbach Armin
Published: March 2022

Background:

Preliminary evidence has pointed an association of the gene HLA-DRB1 with fibromyalgia. HLA-DRB1 alleles carrying the shared or susceptibility epitope encoding the five-amino acid motif QKRAA, QRRAA or RRRAA in positions 70 to 74 of the major histocom-patibility complex class II DRβ chain are associated with several autoimmune diseases.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that susceptibility epitope-encoding HLA-DRB1 alleles are associated with fibromyalgia.

Methods:

Using a case-control design, the prevalence of susceptibility epitope-encoding HLA-DRB1 alleles in 27 white Caucasian patients fulfilling the revised diagnostic criteria for fibromyal-gia of the American College of Rheumatology was compared with that in 27 white Caucasian age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

Results:

13 (48%) of the fibromyalgia patients had susceptibility epitope-coding HLA-DRB1 alleles compared with 15 (56%) of the controls (P = 0.785). The DRB1*01 allele encoding the protective epitope 70-DERAA-74 motif was found in one of the control subjects; none of the fibromyalgia patients had such a protective epitope.

Conclusion:

While the present study does not provide evidence supporting the potential role of HLA-DRB1 in the etiology of fibromyalgia, it does not exclude the possibility that there is a poly-genic component to a putative genetic causative role.
A Web Guide to Perceptually Congruent Sonification
Authors: Fitzpatrick Joe , Neff Flaithri
Published: March 2022

Sonification is an increasingly popular mechanism for data exploration, promoting the need for a greater understanding of human auditory perception and of how sonified information is designed, presented, and interpreted. In this paper, perceptual modelling is used to explore and demonstrate how perceptual phenomena are accounted for in sonification design. The framework, extracted from a larger body of work, links perceptual phenomena such as stream segregation to sonification mappings to provide a systematic approach to identifying and addressing perceptually-driven problems in applied sonification. A web guide functions to situate and guide designers through the complex theoretical constituents of auditory perception incorporated in the Perceptually Congruent Sonification (PerCS) framework. This web guide (hosted on sonification.ie) highlights and summarises the perceptual phenomena most relevant to sonification design and uses simple audio-visual interactions to demonstrate their effect. Preliminary qualitative feedback from a brief survey elucidates a small number of end-user concerns and comments.
Sonification of Exosolar System Accretion Discs
Authors: Quinton Michael , McGregor Iain , Benyon David
Published: March 2022

This study investigated the design and evaluation of a sonification, created for an astronomer who studies exosolar accretion discs. User design methods were applied to sonify data that could allow the classification of accretion discs. The sonification was developed over three stages: a requirements gathering exercise that inquired about the astronomer’s work and the data, design and development, as well as an evaluation. Twenty datasets were sonified and analysed. The sonification effectively represented the accretion discs allowing the astronomer to commence a preliminary, comparative classification. Multiple parameter mappings provide rich auditory stimuli. Spatial mapping and movement allow for easier identification of fast changes and peaks in the data which improved the understanding of the extent of these changes.
Sonification First: The Role of ICAD in the Advancement of Sonification-Related Research
Authors: Andreopoulou Areti , Goudarzi Visda
Published: March 2022

Sonification as a means for exploring and analysing data is an established research domain in the field of Auditory Displays. Since 1992, the International Community for Auditory Displays (ICAD) fosters the development of this field through the organization of annual conferences, special journal issues, scientific publications, and research advancements. Sonification has been a focal point in these activities. This paper reflects on nearly 3 decades of sonification research, analysing the proceedings of the past 24 ICAD conferences in a semi-automated manner. The balance between artistic and scientific data exploration as well as changes in the focus of sonification-related work published are monitored and discussed. Word frequency analysis on the abstracts and titles of selected papers shines further light into the evolution of sonification as reflected in the ICAD conference proceedings.
Strategies and Tools for the Sonification of Prosodic Data: A Composer's Perspective
Authors: Ciardi Fabio Cifariello
Published: March 2022

Does it make sense to sonify information that refers to an already audible phenomenon such as prosodic data? In order to be useful, a sonification of prosody should contribute to the comprehension of paralinguistic features that may not otherwise attract the attention of the listener. Within this context, this paper illustrates a modular and flexible framework for the reduction and processing of prosodic data to be used for enhancing the perception of a speaker's intention, attitude and emotions. The model uses speech audio as input and provides MIDI and MusicXML data as output so allowing samplers and notation software to auralize and display the information. The described architecture has been subjectively tested by the author over many years in compositions for solo instruments, ensembles and orchestra. Two outcomes of the research are discussed: the advantages of an adaptive strategy for data reduction, and the auditory display of the deep pitch and temporal structures underlying prosodic processing.
Restauración ecológica participativa y servicios ecosistémicos culturales: una relación necesaria
Authors: González-Molina Hilda Zolangie , Trilleras Jenny M. , Pyszczek Oscar Luis , Romero-Duque Luz Piedad
Published: March 2022

Antecedentes y Objetivos: La incorporación de los servicios ecosistémicos culturales en los proyectos de restauración ecológica participativa es muy escasa, a pesar de reconocerse como importante. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el papel de los servicios ecosistémicos culturales asociados a procesos de restauración ecológica participativa en el Ecoparque Sabana en el municipio Tocancipá, Colombia, mediante la valoración de percepciones y representaciones sociales de los actores del proceso.
Métodos: Para valorar las percepciones y representaciones sociales, se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada a administrativos, trabajadores y visitantes del Ecoparque, así como a habitantes del municipio Tocancipá. Se evaluaron los servicios ecosistémicos de belleza escénica, inspiración espiritual y artística, sentido de lugar, relaciones sociales, ecoturismo, valor educativo y patrimonio cultural. La información se analizó mediante minería de texto, análisis del discurso y análisis de correspondencia múltiple.
Resultados clave: Los servicios ecosistémicos culturales cumplen un papel clave dentro del proceso de restauración ecológica participativa. Este tipo de procesos de restauración generaron en la mayoría de los entrevistados (91%) una percepción positiva. Adicionalmente, se encontraron diferencias en las percepciones sobre los servicios ecosistémicos de acuerdo con el grupo de actores al que pertenecen, género y residencia (rural/urbana). El aumento del número de visitas resultó en un incremento del arraigo de los visitantes hacia el proceso de restauración. El valor educativo y el ecoturismo brindan un valor agregado a los procesos de restauración, ya que promueven las relaciones sociales, la conservación y generan relaciones de arraigo.
Conclusiones: Incorporar la valoración sociocultural de servicios ecosistémicos, incluyendo los culturales, en los procesos de restauración ecológica participativa es necesario. Se comprobó el fortalecimiento del vínculo entre la recuperación de aspectos biofísicos con los aspectos culturales en la generación de tejido social a medida que avanza la restauración.
On the issue of the relationship between the characteristics of areas with dispersed radioactive contamination and the need for their remediation
Authors:   Nuclear Safety Institute of RAS, Biryukov D.V. , Samoylov A.A. ,   Nuclear Safety Institute of RAS, Frolova O.B. ,   Nuclear Safety Institute of RAS
Published: March 2022

The paper considers different approaches to evaluate outcomes of remediation of radioactively contaminated sites. The following indicators are currently used: economic, social, radiological, etc. Radiological factor is most commonly used, it is based on estimated averted collective dose to population. In this case, the radiation dose depends on soil characteristics, the level of radioac-tive contamination, as well as function-based soil quality for land-use planning. The most dan-gerous option in terms of radiation dose formation in populations the planning to use contami-nated sites as an agricultural land. In order to make final decision the size of contaminated area, must be taken into account when addressing the issue of meeting needs for agricultural products. The paper presents the new method for estimating results of remediation of radioactively con-taminated sites with account of actual size of radioactively contaminated area. The method was tested in implementing federal target program “Nuclear and radiation safety for 2016-2020 and the period up to 2030”. The method can be used for estimating efficiency of performed and planned remediation.
Pharmacokinetic modeling and dosimetric planning of radionuclide therapy of bone metastases
Authors:   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Matveev A.V.
Published: March 2022

This paper discusses the features of modeling and calculating the pharmacokinetic and dosimetric characteristics of osteotropic radiopharmaceuticals based on a compartment model of their transport in the human body with bone metastases. A software package for pharmacokinetic modeling and dosimetric planning of palliative radionuclide therapy of bone metastases using clinical radiometric data has been developed and tested. Within the framework of the four-compartment model, a method for determining absorbed doses in critical organs and tissues through their masses and through S-factors is proposed. Three approaches to the appointment of the activity of a radiopharmaceutical and the features of individual dosimetric planning of radio-nuclide therapy of bone metastases are considered and analyzed. For 10 patients with bone metastases, individual kinetic parameters of transport (transport constants of the model) of the radi-opharmaceutical "Sm-153-oxabifor" were identified during its intravenous intake into the body and calculations of absorbed doses in bone tissues and metastases, the circulatory system, kidneys and bladder were performed, taking into account its periodic emptying. It is shown that when the standard and specific activities of Sm-153-oxabifor are introduced into the patient's body (the first and second approaches), the absorbed doses in 10 patients differ by 5-6 times, while cases of under- or over-irradiation of bone tissues with metastases are detected, which can significantly reduce the effectiveness of radionuclide therapy or adversely affect the patient's condition later. The individual injectable activity of Sm-153-oxabifor calculated within the framework of the third approach for 10 patients varies widely from 19 to 165 mCi, while there are no cases of under- or over-irradiation of bone tissues. The dose loads on the circulatory system, kidneys and bladder for all patients are tolerant and do not exceed the maximum permissible values.
Модель отскока и рассеяния несферических частиц при высокоскоростном взаимодействии с обтекаемой поверхностью
Authors: Панфилов С.В. , Циркунов Ю.М.
Published: March 2022

A new model is proposed for a non-spherical solid particles' impact interaction with a surface as applied to gas-particle flows over surfaces. The range of a particle impact speed typical for a vehicle flight in a dusty atmosphere is considered. The model is based on the laws of mechanics and experimental data on the restitution coefficient of the particle normal velocity. The tangential force impulse during a particle-surface interaction is assumed to be proportional to both the normal impulse and the mean tangential velocity of the particle contact point. The space orientation of incident particles relative to the surface is considered as random. The rebound of particles of different shape with varying shape parameters and of a particle mixture is studied numerically. Statistical characteristics of particles' rebound and scattering are obtained. Comparison with the known experimental data of numerical results for the mean values of the normal and tangential velocities of the particles' gravity centers in the plane of impact after rebound showed their good agreement.
Электродинамическая модель камеры сгорания, использующей инициированный подкритический стримерный разряд для поджигания топливной смеси
Authors: Булат П.В. , Волков К.Н. , Есаков И.И. , Лавров П.Б. , Раваев А.А.
Published: March 2022

Various electrodynamic models of a combustion chamber, in which an initiated subcritical streamer discharge is used to ignite a combustible mixture, are considered. To localize the discharge in the working chamber, discharge initiators are used based on half-wave electromagnetic vibrators with resonant properties. The dependences of the structure of the electric fields that form the discharge on the geometric parameters of the discharge initiator are obtained on the basis of numerical calculations, and the issues of matching the chamber with the radiation generator are considered. Comparison of the calculation options for different positions of the initiator of the discharge in relation to the optical centreline of the camera. Possibilities for further enhancement of the field in the working zone at the poles of the microwave discharge initiator, which is required for the formation of discharges with a developed streamer structure at elevated gas pressures in the combustion chamber, are discussed. The ways of increasing the resulting electromagnetic field in the area of vibrators for the formation of discharges with a volumetric structure have been determined.
К вопросу об ускорении термоядерных мишеней быстрого зажигания с двумя конусами
Authors: Шматов М.Л.
Published: March 2022

The problems of acceleration of fast ignition thermonuclear targets with two cones for their high-precision injection into region near the center of the reactor chamber are considered and the possibility of solution of these problems is shown. A brief review of discussed variants of such targets and of their main advantages, related to ignition of microexplosion and simplicity of providing preservation of targets’ workability during their flight in the reactor chamber, is presented. Fast ignition by microexplosion of double-sided conical target and the method to estimate acceptable speed of stabilizing rotation of thermonuclear target are proposed.
Моделирование трехионного сценария ионно-циклотронного резонансного нагрева для токамака Глобус-М2
Authors: Корепанов П.А. , Бахарев Н.Н. , Гусаков Е.З. , Дьяченко В.В.
Published: March 2022

The goal of this paper is to assess the possibility of using a new three-ion ICRF heating scheme on the spherical tokamak Globus-M2. In the first place, the operating frequencies and positions of cyclotron harmonics were found. Matching with frequency band of RF system of Globus-M2 was made. The absorption of electromagnetic waves was modeled using a one-dimensional full-wave code. Since the appearance of high-energy particles is expected in the three-ion ICRF scheme of heating special attention is paid to a comparing the estimates for generated particles energies with their confinement in tokamak Globus-M2.
Спектральная эмиссионная способность технического титана вблизи точки плавления
Authors: Косенков Д.В. , Сагадеев В.В.
Published: March 2022

An experimental study of the normal spectral emission ability of technical
titanium grade VT1-00 in the melting region was carried out. The scheme of the upgraded direct
vision radiometer with replaceable narrow−band dispersion filters of the spectral range 0.69-10.9 µm is given. The estimation of the possibility of calculating the emission capacity of titanium according to electromagnetic theory is carried out.
Импульсная проводимость в Ag-Pd-резисторах, индуцированная импульсами лазера
Authors: Александров В.А. , Бесогонов В.В. , Калюжный Д.Г.
Published: March 2022

Pulsed EMF in resistive thick-film Ag - Pd elements is experimentally studied when their surface is irradiated with a laser beam. The dependences of the pulsed EMF on the coordinate of the action of the laser beam on the film surface are obtained. It is shown that applying a constant bias voltage to a thick-film resistive element can significantly increase the amplitude of unipolar EMF pulses induced by laser pulses. It was found that the amplitude and frequency of the EMF signals depend, respectively, on the power and frequency of laser pulses. It is shown that by the value of the pulsed EMF it is possible to control the parameters of the high-power laser radiation incident on the surface in real time. The design of a receiver for recording the parameters of laser radiation based on an Ag - Pd sensitive element has been developed. The sensitivity of the device for measuring the power and pulse repetition rate is estimated.
Зондирование частотной дисперсии магнитной проницаемости образца при динамическом взаимодействии с намагниченным зондом
Authors: Дедков Г.В.
Published: March 2022

The forces acting on a magnetic particle during nonrelativistic motion parallel to the surface of a homogeneous medium with a frequency dispersion of magnetic permeability are considered. General expressions are obtained for the normal (attractive) and lateral (braking) forces acting on a small dipole particle and an extended probe. It is shown that for an arbitrary orientation of the vector of the dipole magnetic moment of the particle, along with the force of attraction and the stopping force, there also appears a velocity-dependent lateral force perpendicular to the velocity vector. The possibility of using the results to study the frequency-dependent magnetic permeability of nanostructured materials and films in the dynamic scanning mode of magnetic force microscopy (MCM) with magnetic probes is discussed. Numerical estimates are given for the magnitude of the expected forces, friction coefficients, and changes in the quality factor of the MFM oscillators in the case of frequency dispersion of relaxation-type magnetic permeability.
Telemedicine for Preventing and Treating Pressure Injury after Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Guilian , Wang Tong , Zhong Lirong , He Xinghui , Huang Chunxia , Wang Yingmin , Li Kun
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Background: Pressure injuries are a common complication after a spinal cord injury. Long-term multidisciplinary follow-up is difficult after such patients have been discharged. Telemedicine promises to provide convenient and effective support for the prevention and treatment of pressure injuries, but previous attempts to demonstrate that have produced inconsistent results.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of telemedicine in preventing and treating pressure injuries among community-dwelling spinal cord injury survivors.

METHODS

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of previous research published in Chinese or English was performed. Ten databases were searched for research reports published prior to September 30, 2021. Two researchers independently coded the 35 reports identified. Their results were described in terms of relative risk and weighted mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were computed.

RESULTS

Results: The 35 studies comprised 25 randomized and controlled trials and 10 quasi-experimental studies involving 3131 discharged spinal cord injury patients. The meta-analysis showed that telemedicine can significantly reduce the incidence of pressure injury, promote faster healing and yield lower scores on the pressure ulcer scale of healing. Cumulative ranking estimates showed that combining telemedicine with more conventional interventions was the most effective approach.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions: The current evidence shows that telemedicine is a feasible form of intervention for preventing pressure sores among spinal cord injury survivors. It can decrease the incidence and severity of pressure sores and accelerate their healing without imposing a serious economic burden. It is best used in tandem with other, more conventional interventions.

CLINICALTRIAL

It was registered in PROSPERO database (CRD42020194061).
Ethics of the Real for Political Analysis: Reflection on the (Renewed) Conflict in Palestine
Authors: Tapiheru Joash
Published: March 2022

This article expounds critical reflections and analysis on the discourse regarding the conflict in Palestine. The case is posited through the lens of a certain ethical position, namely the ethics of the real and the framework that it supports, namely Lacanian Psychoanalysis. Reflecting on the impasse that the discourse on the conflict in Palestine has been confronted with, this article argues that political analysis may take insight from psychoanalysis to make the course of analysis directed toward the deconstruction of the obsessive neuroticism at the core of this impasse. In doing so, the political analysis should take a retroductive course, moving back and forth between the ontological and ontical planes of the reality analysed. This enables political analysis to account more systematically the factors of inevitable lack in the structure and split on the subject and the corresponding affective dimension, which are central in the political constitution of social formation and identity. Through the analytical lens and approach from psychoanalysis, this article investigates and demonstrates how most of the discourses on the conflict in Palestine have strong propensity to avoid the conflict, which on its turn counterintuitively serve to prolong or fan further conflict, as they focus on the neatness and seamlessness of the reality constituted through their own discourses rather than grappling with the conflict.
VRG Program Evaluation 2021. Report by the International Review Panel.
Authors: Ottersten Björn , Batina Lejla , Egger Matthias , Krombholz Katharina , Leptin Maria , Schübeler Dirk
Published: March 2022

This report presents the international review panel’s findings from the evaluation of the funding programme Vienna Research Groups for Young Investigators (VRG) by the Vienna Science and Technology Fund (Wiener Wissenschafts-, Forschungs- und Technologiefonds, WWTF).
Representaciones de la clase obrera argentina y brasileña de comienzos de la década del 30 en las Aguafuertes cariocas de Roberto Arlt
Authors: Manduca Ramiro Alejandro
Published: March 2022

A comienzos del año 1930, el escritor y periodista argentino Roberto Arlt realizó su primer viaje fuera del país como corresponsal del diario El Mundo. Su destino fue Río de Janeiro. Cómo lo ha definido Beatriz Sarlo (1997) Artl fue el principal exponente de los significativos cambios en el campo literario argentino de los años 20 y posó su mirada sobre aquello que sus contemporáneos no podían ver. El extrañamiento de estar fuera de su ciudad de origen lo llevó, en los escritos particulares sobre los que se centra este trabajo, a un ejercicio de constante comparación con aquello conocido, siendo las respectivas clases obreras, brasileña y argentina, un tópico recurrente en sus páginas de viaje. Desde la perspectiva de los estudios culturales, nos proponemos analizar las representaciones del autor acerca de los respectivos colectivos obreros poniéndolas en relación con los aspectos centrales en la conformación histórica de los mismos.
Arte latinoamericano y política de Buena Vecindad: Lincoln Kirstein y la colección del MoMA, 1943
Authors: Matallana Andrea
Published: March 2022

Este artículo describe las estrategias del gobierno norteamericano para ayudar a constituir una Colección Latinoamericana en el Museo de Arte Moderno (MoMA) y el rol que Lincoln Kirstein tuvo como recolector de las obras que integraron la colección. Se analiza el diálogo que Kirstein tuvo con diversas personalidades de la cultura en las tareas de exhibición y recolección. Enfatizamos cómo las bellas artes fueron espacios de ponderación política, y áreas utilizables por la política de Buena Vecindad. Finalmente se analiza que clase de arte latinoamericano fue recolectado para conformar la colección en 1943, y que idea de América Latina fue representada a través de esa selección.
Electric Press Machine by Using Stepper Motor
Authors: Enjeti Praveen Teja , Gaddam Gangaiah , Gali Venkata Sai Kumar , Gurram Sasi Kumar Reddy , Isukala Shashank , Kamasani Siva Sankar Reddy , Kunduru Bhuvaneswar Reddy , Jagarlamudi Lokesh Chowdary
Published: March 2022

Abstract: In ancient times material was shaped manually using hand hammers. Later on, big hammers were used to press large quantities of material at a time or to press a thick metal workpiece. Then after steam power and windmills were utilized to operate the large steam hammers. Prior to the invention of the machine press, workers were required to manually hammer metal by hand to change the shape of materials. After that, it cannot able used to change the shape of large or big size material, and itit’shysically ineffective. The steam hammer was developed around the mid – the 1800s and is also known as a drop hammer, the steam hammer or drop hammer was essentially an early version of the modern-day machine press. The only difference is that the steam hammer was powered by steam, whereas most modern-day machine presses are powered by hydraulics and electricity. Now day world, we are normally using a mechanical press machine and hydraulic press machine. In this paper, we are explaining about electric press machine by using stepper motor. Keywords: Arduino UNO R3, TB6600 4A Stepper Motor Driver, Permanent magnet Stepper Motor, SMPS (switched-mode power supply)
Creation of Biologically Active Applications Based on Ficus Carical Fruit
Authors: Nurillayevich Rakhimov Rakhmatilla , Ozotboyevna Kadirova Shohida , Yayra Nazirova , Orziqulovich Yodgorov Baxtiyor
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Biologically active biologically active antioxidant, antihypoxant and immunomodulatory agent in the treatment of acute respiratory attacks of the upper respiratory tract (catarrh), tracheitis, bronchitis and bronchiectasis, based on the substance of the bioactive substances in the fruit of Ficus carica L (fig) biotechnologically bound with milk protein development is underway. Keywords: tracheitis, bronchitis, bronchiectasis, lactose, casein, lactoferrin, antioxidant, antihypoxant, antiradical
The Extraction Methods of Essential Oils from Medicinal Plants and Their Use in Medicine
Authors: Ozotboyevna Kadirova Shohida
Published: March 2022

Abstract: It is well known that the plant kingdom is made up of many different kinds of organic compounds. These substances play a key role in the growth of plants. Medicinal plants are widely used in various area of the economy. In particular, in the food industry, in the production of various drugs in medicine, in the construction industry in the production of building materials. Keywords: Essential oil, aromatherapy, tanning, distillation
The History of Peoples Rebellions in Ferghana Region (Based on materials of the National Archive of Uzbekistan)
Authors: Sobirov Doniyorbek Murodjon Ugli , Komolov Mavlonbek Zafarjon Ugli
Published: March 2022

Abstract: The article deals with the people’s uprisings, which played an important role in Uzbek historiography, in particular, the uprising against the unjust verdict in Ferghana region on August 31, 1898, its origin, historical circumstances, the participants scientifically analyzed of the uprising using materials from the National Archives of Uzbekistan. Keywords: Ferghana region, uprising, trial, court verdict, leader of the uprising, Margilan district, Osh district.
Review on Psoriasis Disease
Authors: Malpure Prashant S , Kadam Gayatri R , Chitte Sakshi D , Kale Gaurav S
Published: March 2022

Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease characterised by the proliferation of keratinocytes throughout time. On average, it affects 2-5 percent of the world's population. Psoriasis treatment remains difficult due to a variety of factors influencing treatment, including patient compliance and adherence to therapy, delicate patient profiles, psychological factors, and skin as a barrier to topical delivery. Pathophysiology, triggering factors, and clinical categorization were covered in the first section. Topical, oral, biological, parenteral therapy, phototherapy, and phytopharmaceuticals were all covered in the second section.
Hepatoprotector Effect of Corn Silk Ethanol Extract (Stigma maydis) on Paracetamol-Induced White Male Rats
Authors: Nessa Nessa , Ifmaily Ifmaily , Putri Yeliza , Asra Ridho
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Corn silk (Stigma maydis) is one part of the corn plant that contains useful chemical compounds, including flavonoid compounds. The ability of flavonoid compounds to capture free radicals that cause liver damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the hepatoprotective effect of corn silk ethanol extract on male white rats induced by paracetamol and to determine the effect of varying doses of corn silk ethanol extract as a hepatoprotector.

Data Sources Study Selection: This study is an experimental study testing the hepatoprotective effect of corn silk ethanol extract using male white rats

Summary of contents of the article:This study using 20 male white rats which were divided into 5 groups, namely negative control given NaCMC, positive control induced by toxic dose of paracetamol, and group of corn silk ethanol extract doses of 250, 500, 1000 mg/kgBW. The measurement parameters were the levels of SGOT and SGPT enzymes, the ratio of liver weight, and histopathological examination of the liver. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively, statistically with two-way and one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan's test and. The results showed that administration of corn silk ethanol extract could reduce levels of SGOT and SGPT enzymes, and analysis using two-way ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference in levels of SGOT and SGPT in the test group with (p<0.05). The ratio of liver weight was analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The results showed that there was no significant difference to the ratio of organ weight in the test group with (p>0.05). Histopathological picture showed improvement of liver parenchymal morphology on administration of corn silk ethanol extract.

Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the presence of a hepatoprotector effect on the ethanol extract of corn silk and that there was an influence of the dose variation on the hepatoprotector effect with a dose of 1000 mg/kgBW was more effective as a hepatoprotector.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Patikan Kebo (Euphorbia Hirta L.) Herb Ethanol Extract
Authors: Simanjuntak Helen Anjelina , Rahmiati Rahmiati
Published: March 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the content of secondary metabolites, and the concentration of extracts that were effective as antibacterial and antifungal agents.

Methods: The research method was carried out experimentally with several stages; making Simplicia, Simplicia characterization, maceration, phytochemical screening, making test solutions, and testing antibacterial and antifungal activities.

Results: The results of phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract of the patikan kebo herb (Euphorbia hirta L.) showed the existance of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids/triterpenoids. Furthermore, the results of the antibacterial and antifungal activity test showed that the ethanol extract of the patikan kebo herb showed the diameter of the inhibition zone in the Strong category as the concentration increased.

Conclusion: The herbal extract of patikan kebo (Euphorbia hirta L.) has antibacterial and antifungal activity so that it has potential as a natural antibiotic.
Isolation and identification of flavonoids from avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill)
Authors: Mustarichie Resmi , Runadi Dudi
Published: March 2022

Leaves of avocado (Persea americana Mill) contains bioactive compounds that can act as natural antioxidants. This study was conducted to isolate and identify the flavonoid compounds of  avocado leaves. Research stages includes maceration, fractionation, thin-layer chromatography analysis, isolation and purification of compounds also identification of isolates in two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography and by using three different types of solvents. Isolates were identified using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and infrared spectrophotometry. From the results obtained one isolate FA6 showed a single compound. Based on the results by testing the purity of isolates using two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography and by using three different types of solvents, isolates FA6 is a pure compound. Identification by using ray-visible spectrophotometry FA6 isolates showed maximum wavelength at 280.6 nm and 342.0 nm on bands II and on band I. Infrared spectrum ofisolate FA6 showed aromatic OH groups, aliphatic CH, C = O stretching, C = C aromatic, and C-O-C stretch. From the results obtained  isolates FA6 is a class of flavonoids group flavones or flavonol (3-OH substitional).
In-silico study of Stevia Leaves (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) as Antidiabetic Drugs
Authors: Mustarichie Resmi , Junaedi Effan
Published: March 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder due to abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Around 200 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, most of which is type 2 diabetes. One of the targets of diabetes treatment is the DPP-4 enzyme which works to degrade incretin from the body. Sitagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor that has been approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Besides using cytetic drugs, biochemical compound can also be used for diabetes therapy, one of which is stevia leaf. This research was conducted to select compounds contained in stevia leaves based on their interaction with DPP4 in silico. The purpose of this study is a potential compound from stevia leaves to be a candidate for antidiabetic drugs. Tests were carried out on DPP4 inhibitors, namely sitaglipin, and 10 compounds contained in stevia leaves. The results show that there are three potential compounds namely isosteviol, steviol and steviolmonoside. Testing the Lipinski's rule of five and pre-ADMET parameters shows that the three compounds have the potential to be used as candidates for antidiabetic drugs.