bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobile Game Design Guide to Improve Gaming Experience for the Middle-Aged and Older Adult Population: User-Centered Design Approach
Authors: Lee Seyeon , Oh Hyunyoung , Shi Chung-Kon , Doh Young Yim
Published: May 2021

Background

The number of older adult gamers who play mobile games is growing worldwide. Earlier studies have reported that digital games provide cognitive, physical, and socioemotional benefits for older adults. However, current mobile games that understand older adults’ gameplay experience and reflect their needs are very scarce. Furthermore, studies that have analyzed older adults’ game experience in a holistic manner are rare.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to suggest mobile game design guidelines for adults older than 50 years from a holistic gaming experience perspective. Adopting a human-centric approach, this study analyzes middle-aged and older adults’ gameplay experience and suggests practical design guides to increase accessibility and satisfaction.

Methods

We organized a living laboratory project called the “Intergenerational Play Workshop.” In this workshop, 40 middle-aged and older adults (mean age 66.75 years, age range 50-85 years) played commercial mobile games of various genres with young adult partners for 1 month (8 sessions). Using a convergent parallel mixed-method design, we conducted a qualitative analysis of dialogue, game diaries, and behavioral observations during the workshop and a quantitative analysis of the satisfaction level of the game elements for the mobile games that they played.

Results

This project was active from April 2019 to December 2021, and the data were collected at the workshops from July 1 to August 28, 2019. Based on the identified themes of positive and negative experiences from the qualitative data, we proposed 45 design guides under 3 categories: (1) cognitive and physical elements, (2) psychological and socioemotional elements, and (3) consumption contextual elements. Our empirical research could reaffirm the proposals from previous studies and provide new guidelines for improving the game design. In addition, we demonstrate how existing commercial games can be evaluated quantitatively by using the satisfaction level of each game’s elements and overall satisfaction level.

Conclusions

The final guidelines were presented to game designers to easily find related information and enhance the overall understanding of the game experience of middle-aged and older adults.
Performance of the Severe Acute Respiratory Illness Sentinel Surveillance System in Yemen: Mixed Methods Evaluation Study
Authors: Alkholidy Ghamdan Gamal , Anam Labiba Saeed , Almahaqri Ali Hamoud , Khader Yousef
Published: May 2021

Background

The national severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) surveillance system in Yemen was established in 2010 to monitor SARI occurrence in humans and provide a foundation for detecting SARI outbreaks.

Objective

To ensure that the objectives of national surveillance are being met, this study aimed to examine the level of usefulness and the performance of the SARI surveillance system in Yemen.

Methods

The updated Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines were used for the purposes of our evaluation. Related documents and reports were reviewed. Data were collected from 4 central-level managers and stakeholders and from 10 focal points at 4 sentinel sites by using a semistructured questionnaire. For each attribute, percent scores were calculated and ranked as follows: very poor (≤20%), poor (20%-40%), average (40%-60%), good (60%-80%), and excellent (>80%).

Results

As rated by the evaluators, the SARI surveillance system achieved its objectives. The system’s flexibility (percent score: 86%) and acceptability (percent score: 82%) were rated as “excellent,” and simplicity (percent score: 74%) and stability (percent score: 75%) were rated as “good.” The percent score for timeliness was 23% in 2018, which indicated poor timeliness. The overall data quality percent score of the SARI system was 98.5%. Despite its many strengths, the SARI system has some weaknesses. For example, it depends on irregular external financial support.

Conclusions

The SARI surveillance system was useful in estimating morbidity and mortality, monitoring the trends of the disease, and promoting research for informing prevention and control measures. The overall performance of the SARI surveillance system was good. We recommend expanding the system by promoting private health facilities’ (eg, private hospitals and private health centers) engagement in SARI surveillance, establishing an electronic database at central and peripheral sites, and providing the National Central Public Health Laboratory with the reagents needed for disease confirmation.
New Evidence in the Booming Field of Online Mindfulness: An Updated Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Sommers-Spijkerman Marion , Austin Judith , Bohlmeijer Ernst , Pots Wendy
Published: May 2021

Background

There is a need to regularly update the evidence base on the effectiveness of online mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), especially considering how fast this field is growing and developing.

Objective

This study presents an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of online MBIs on mental health and the potential moderators of these effects.

Methods

We conducted a systematic literature search in PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science up to December 4, 2020, and included 97 trials, totaling 125 comparisons. Pre-to-post and pre-to-follow-up between-group effect sizes (Hedges g) were calculated for depression, anxiety, stress, well-being, and mindfulness using a random effects model.

Results

The findings revealed statistically significant moderate pre-to-post effects on depression (g=0.34, 95% CI 0.18-0.50; P<.001), stress (g=0.44, 95% CI 0.32-0.55; P<.001), and mindfulness (g=0.40, 95% CI 0.30-0.50; P<.001) and small effects on anxiety (g=0.26, 95% CI 0.18-0.33; P<.001). For well-being, a significant small effect was found only when omitting outliers (g=0.22, 95% CI 0.15-0.29; P<.001) or low-quality studies (g=0.26, 95% CI 0.12-0.41; P<.001). Significant but small follow-up effects were found for depression (g=0.25, 95% CI 0.12-0.38) and anxiety (g=0.23, 95% CI 0.13-0.32). Subgroup analyses revealed that online MBIs resulted in higher effect sizes for stress when offered with guidance. In terms of stress and mindfulness, studies that used inactive control conditions yielded larger effects. For anxiety, populations with psychological symptoms had higher effect sizes. Adherence rates for the interventions ranged from 35% to 92%, but most studies lacked clear definitions or cut-offs.

Conclusions

Our findings not only demonstrate that online MBIs are booming but also corroborate previous findings that online MBIs are beneficial for improving mental health outcomes in a broad range of populations. To advance the field of online MBIs, future trials should pay specific attention to methodological quality, adherence, and long-term follow-up measurements.
A Machine Learning Approach for Mortality Prediction in COVID-19 Pneumonia: Development and Evaluation of the Piacenza Score
Authors: Halasz Geza , Sperti Michela , Villani Matteo , Michelucci Umberto , Agostoni Piergiuseppe , Biagi Andrea , Rossi Luca , Botti Andrea , Mari Chiara , Maccarini Marco , Pura Filippo , Roveda Loris , Nardecchia Alessia , Mottola Emanuele , Nolli Massimo , Salvioni Elisabetta , Mapelli Massimo , Deriu Marco Agostino , Piga Dario , Piepoli Massimo
Published: May 2021

Background

Several models have been developed to predict mortality in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, but only a few have demonstrated enough discriminatory capacity. Machine learning algorithms represent a novel approach for the data-driven prediction of clinical outcomes with advantages over statistical modeling.

Objective

We aimed to develop a machine learning–based score—the Piacenza score—for 30-day mortality prediction in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods

The study comprised 852 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, admitted to the Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital in Italy from February to November 2020. Patients’ medical history, demographics, and clinical data were collected using an electronic health record. The overall patient data set was randomly split into derivation and test cohorts. The score was obtained through the naïve Bayes classifier and externally validated on 86 patients admitted to Centro Cardiologico Monzino (Italy) in February 2020. Using a forward-search algorithm, 6 features were identified: age, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, PaO2/FiO2 ratio, temperature, previous stroke, and gender. The Brier index was used to evaluate the ability of the machine learning model to stratify and predict the observed outcomes. A user-friendly website was designed and developed to enable fast and easy use of the tool by physicians. Regarding the customization properties of the Piacenza score, we added a tailored version of the algorithm to the website, which enables an optimized computation of the mortality risk score for a patient when some of the variables used by the Piacenza score are not available. In this case, the naïve Bayes classifier is retrained over the same derivation cohort but using a different set of patient characteristics. We also compared the Piacenza score with the 4C score and with a naïve Bayes algorithm with 14 features chosen a priori.

Results

The Piacenza score exhibited an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.78 (95% CI 0.74-0.84, Brier score=0.19) in the internal validation cohort and 0.79 (95% CI 0.68-0.89, Brier score=0.16) in the external validation cohort, showing a comparable accuracy with respect to the 4C score and to the naïve Bayes model with a priori chosen features; this achieved an AUC of 0.78 (95% CI 0.73-0.83, Brier score=0.26) and 0.80 (95% CI 0.75-0.86, Brier score=0.17), respectively.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrated that a customizable machine learning–based score with a purely data-driven selection of features is feasible and effective for the prediction of mortality among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
A Clinical Prediction Model to Predict Heparin Treatment Outcomes and Provide Dosage Recommendations: Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Li Dongkai , Gao Jianwei , Hong Na , Wang Hao , Su Longxiang , Liu Chun , He Jie , Jiang Huizhen , Wang Qiang , Long Yun , Zhu Weiguo
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

Unfractionated heparin is widely used in the intensive care unit as an anticoagulant. However, weight-based heparin dosing has been shown to be suboptimal and may place patients at unnecessary risk during their intensive care unit stay.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we intended to develop and validate a machine learning–based model to predict heparin treatment outcomes and to provide dosage recommendations to clinicians.

METHODS

A shallow neural network model was adopted in a retrospective cohort of patients from the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care III (MIMIC III) database and patients admitted to the Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH). We modeled the subtherapeutic, normal, and supratherapeutic activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) as the outcomes of heparin treatment and used a group of clinical features for modeling. Our model classifies patients into 3 different therapeutic states. We tested the prediction ability of our model and evaluated its performance by using accuracy, the kappa coefficient, precision, recall, and the F1 score. Furthermore, a dosage recommendation module was designed and evaluated for clinical decision support.

RESULTS

A total of 3607 patients selected from MIMIC III and 1549 patients admitted to the PUMCH who met our criteria were included in this study. The shallow neural network model showed results of F1 scores 0.887 (MIMIC III) and 0.925 (PUMCH). When compared with the actual dosage prescribed, our model recommended increasing the dosage for 72.2% (MIMIC III, 1240/1718) and 64.7% (PUMCH, 281/434) of the subtherapeutic patients and decreasing the dosage for 80.9% (MIMIC III, 504/623) and 76.7% (PUMCH, 277/361) of the supratherapeutic patients, suggesting that the recommendations can contribute to clinical improvements and that they may effectively reduce the time to optimal dosage in the clinical setting.

CONCLUSIONS

The evaluation of our model for predicting heparin treatment outcomes demonstrated that the developed model is potentially applicable for reducing the misdosage of heparin and for providing appropriate decision recommendations to clinicians.
Mild Adverse Events of Sputnik V Vaccine in Russia: Social Media Content Analysis of Telegram via Deep Learning (Preprint)
Authors: Jarynowski Andrzej , Semenov Alexander , Kamiński Mikołaj , Belik Vitaly
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

There is a limited amount of data on the safety profile of the COVID-19 vector vaccine Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V). Previous infodemiology studies showed that social media discourse could be analyzed to assess the most concerning adverse events (AE) caused by drugs.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to investigate mild AEs of Sputnik V based on a participatory trial conducted on Telegram in the Russian language. We compared AEs extracted from Telegram with other limited databases on Sputnik V and other COVID-19 vaccines. We explored symptom co-occurrence patterns and determined how counts of administered doses, age, gender, and sequence of shots could confound the reporting of AEs.

METHODS

We collected a unique dataset consisting of 11,515 self-reported Sputnik V vaccine AEs posted on the Telegram group, and we utilized natural language processing methods to extract AEs. Specifically, we performed multilabel classifications using the deep neural language model Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) “DeepPavlov,” which was pretrained on a Russian language corpus and applied to the Telegram messages. The resulting area under the curve score was 0.991. We chose symptom classes that represented the following AEs: fever, pain, chills, fatigue, nausea/vomiting, headache, insomnia, lymph node enlargement, erythema, pruritus, swelling, and diarrhea.

RESULTS

Telegram users complained mostly about pain (5461/11,515, 47.43%), fever (5363/11,515, 46.57%), fatigue (3862/11,515, 33.54%), and headache (2855/11,515, 24.79%). Women reported more AEs than men (1.2-fold, P<.001). In addition, there were more AEs from the first dose than from the second dose (1.1-fold, P<.001), and the number of AEs decreased with age (β=.05 per year, P<.001). The results also showed that Sputnik V AEs were more similar to other vector vaccines (132 units) than with messenger RNA vaccines (241 units) according to the average Euclidean distance between the vectors of AE frequencies. Elderly Telegram users reported significantly more (5.6-fold on average) systemic AEs than their peers, according to the results of the phase 3 clinical trials published in The Lancet. However, the AEs reported in Telegram posts were consistent (Pearson correlation r=0.94, P=.02) with those reported in the Argentinian postmarketing AE registry.

CONCLUSIONS

After the Sputnik V vaccination, Russian Telegram users reported mostly pain, fever, and fatigue. The Sputnik V AE profile was comparable with other vector COVID-19 vaccines. Discussion on social media could provide meaningful information about the AE profile of novel vaccines.
Comparison Review of Two Regulatory Agencies Regulation: Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) and the European Medicine Agency (EMA) in Relation to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) Guideline
Authors: Aziza Farida
Published: May 2021

There are some regulatory bodies in the world that impacting the pharmaceutical industry to operate and perform Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) principles. These regulatory bodies exist to ensure that the pharmaceutical product and other human supporting products have a high standard of quality, safety, and efficacy from product registration to product distribution to the patient. This article reviews some aspects which is regulated by two of regulatory entities including Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) in relation with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) principles. The GMP principles which is structured by these regulatory agencies may be originally created by the agencies or influenced by other regulatory body concepts. The guidance can be a primary source or second reference for the pharmaceutical industry in impacting countries depending on the guideline’s legal status. It is noticeable that both regulatory bodies have some similar concepts to support GMP implementation and some differentt practices which may be considered by the pharmaceutical industry when it is aimed to market their product in the regulated countries.
Hubungan Karakteristik, Kepatuhan, dan Outcome Klinis Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Di Puskesmas Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Bakhtiar Muh Irham , Wiedyaningsih Chairun , Yasin Nananng Munif , Kristina Susi Ari
Published: May 2021

Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Berdasarkan Hasil Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Bantul Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) tahun 2017, keberhasilan terapi tuberkulosis sebesar 65% dalam hal ini berada dalam posisi terendah dan dibawah target minimal 85% (secara nasional). Angka keberhasilan pengobatan penyakit TB erat kaitannya dengan kepatuhan pengobatan. Berdasarkan laporan WHO 2019 Angka putus berobat pada pasien TB dindonesia 26%. Angka putus berobat ini sangat berbahaya karena jika pengobatan tidak dilakukan secara teratur akan memberikan outcome klinis yang buruk bahkan target nasional adalah tidak boleh melebih >10 %. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu melihat gambaran pengetahuan pasien TB  Paru, mengetahui gambaran kepatuhan pengobatan dan melihat hubungan antara kepatuhan pengobatan terhadap outcome klinis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan studi cross sectional yang dilakukan di wilayah Kabupaten Bantul tersebar di 15 Puskesmas pada periode Maret-Juni 2020. Alat ukur kepatuhan pengobatan menggunakan kuesioner Morisky Green Levine Test (MGLT). Total subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah 57 responden dari populasi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi penelitian. Semua responden mimiliki pengetahuan yang tinggi (>5) baik pada pasien patuh maupun tidak patuh. Gambaran kepatuhan pengobatan TB paru bahwa terdapat 51 (89,5%) responden patuh dalam pengobatan dengan menjawab “ Tidak” pada 4 pertanyaan dalam Kuesioner MGLT dan terdapat 6 (10,5%) responden yang tidak patuh dalam pengobatan TB paru dengan jawaban yang beragam mulai dari bahwa responden merasa tidak membaik sebanyak 60%, beralasan lupa sebanyak 33%, karena lalai dalam pengobatan 16% responden dan karena merasa dirinya membaik 16%. Hubungan antara kepatuhan pengobatan dengan outcome klinis pasien tuberkulosis paru tidak ada perbedaan signifikan secara statistik dikarenakan outcome klinis membaik pada kelompok patuh maupun tidak patuh.Kata Kunci : Kepatuhan Pengobatan, Outcome Klinis, TB-Paru, MGLT
Development Status and Trend of Industrial Robot in China
Authors: Hang Gao
Published: May 2021

With the continuous development of the times, technology is flourishing and the world is entering the era of artificial intelligence, industrial robots will replace humans as the backbone of the manufacturing industry. The continuous development and application of industrial robotics is conducive to building a new advantage for China’s manufacturing, promoting the transformation and upgrading of China’s industry, accelerating the construction of China’s manufacturing power, and making an important contribution to China’s economic development. Based on this, the article describes the current situation of industrial robots in China, the challenges faced, and the future development trend.
What Has Changed? A Critical Analysis of the Law of Sedition and the Press in Nigeria since 1914
Authors: Odoemelam Chinedu C. , Ebeze Uche V. , Morgan Okorom E. , Okwudiogor Daniel N.
Published: May 2021

This study is situated within the normative theoretical framework, which focuses on the press in nations where the press is expected to assume the coloration of the political milieu within which it finds itself. The British colonial masters discovered the power of the press in the early 16th century and devised numerous schemes to restrict publication. Such policies were extended to her majesty’s colonies; for instance, the law of sedition in Nigeria. Freedom of the press is a right but it is a right that has been won only through many hard-fought legal battles like the one fought by John Peter Zenger in the seditious trial of 1735. There were several such trials for sedition in the colonies, and despite the acquittal of John Peter Zenger, the British colonial government went ahead to adopt such laws in her colonial territories. This was exemplified in the seditious offence ordinance that was in force in 1909 in Southern Nigeria. This study adopts the historical, legal research and critical paradigm technique to examine how the law of sedition has fared in inhibiting press freedom in Nigeria since 1914. The study provides an understanding of how colonial influence may affect laws regulating how the media function in independent States.
Flexibility & Grace: Lessons Learned in K-12 during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wilson Dr. Chevella T. , Ankrum Raymond J.
Published: May 2021

The start of the school year 2020 was a tumultuous time for stakeholders. Parents had to make accommodations for school programs. Teachers and students on the frontlines had to make mental and physical adjustments to in-person and online learning. No matter how one looks at it, post Covid-19 school will never be the same. This article takes a deep dive into why schools that had to adjust learners will be in a more situated space to ensure learning occurs in a manner consistent with schools that provide high-quality instruction for students and families.
BUGINESE ETHNOMATHEMATICS: BARONGKO CAKE EXPLORATIONS AS MATHEMATICS LEARNING RESOURCES
Authors: Pathuddin Hikmawati , Kamariah Kamariah , Nawawi M. Ichsan
Published: May 2021

Mathematics is still viewed as a culture-free subject. This forms a negative perception for students on mathematics. Most students assume that mathematics and culture are not related. This may occur because mathematics taught in school is not contextual and far from the reality of everyday life. Historically, mathematics has become a part of everyday life. As a maritime nation, Indonesia has a diverse culture. But many teachers are not yet aware of the integration of the culture into mathematics learning. Barongko cake is one of the Buginese cultural heritages. Buginese people have unconsciously been practicing mathematics in making these cakes. Therefore, this research aims to explore activities in making Barongko cakes in the Buginese community that involves mathematical concepts. This research is a qualitative descriptive with an ethnographic approach. The data collection methods are carried out through observation, documentation, interview with an expert in making Barongko cake. This research found that Barongko making process involves mathematics in the concept of division, congruence, and similarity, as well as a triangular prism, and half sphere. This cake has the potential to be used as a source of contextual mathematics learning in schools.
A Comparative Study on Efficacy of Ballistic Stretching Versus Modified Hold Relax Technique in Increasing Hamstring Flexibility
Authors: Dr. Abhijit Dutta
Published: May 2021

In the literature, the terms “flexibility” and “muscle length” are often used synonymously when referring to the ability of muscles to be lengthened to their end range. The flexibility of the hamstring muscle is important in the prevention of injury, muscular and postural imbalance and maintenance of a full range of joint movement optimal musculoskeletal function and enhanced performance in day-to-day activities. To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of modified hold-relax technique and ballistic stretching for increasing hamstring flexibility in football players. To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of modified hold-relax technique and ballistic stretching for increasing hamstring flexibility in football players. This study includes (N=50) subjects with hamstring tightness within the age group of 18-28 years. They were randomly assigned into 2 groups (Group A and B). Group A had 25 (N=25) subjects who are treated with Modified hold- relax stretching, Group B had 25 (N=25) who are treated with ballistic stretching. The subjects were given intervention 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks. ANOVA one way classification was used to compare between and within the groups. Test within the subject of effect is highly significant for both the groups. Each group has p=0.000. Test between the subjects were used to compare between the groups, it showed highly significant p=0.000. But clinically modified hold- relax is superior to ballistic stretching. The findings suggest that modified hold- relax and ballistic stretching  both  was  statistically  significant  in  improving  hamstring  flexibility.  But  modified  hold-  relax  technique  showed  better  results compared to ballistic stretching.
Subjetividades femininas em Teolinda Gersão e Inês Pedrosa
Authors: Oliveira Maria Lúcia Wiltshire de
Published: May 2021

Nosso interesse é descrever e discutir o pensar, o sentir e o agir de personagens femininas na narrativa de ficção das duas autoras portuguesas, buscando detectar nessas representações do feminino subjetividades diferentes que procedem de distintas gerações, em paralelo com uma “zeitgeist” respectivamente moderna e pós-moderna, segundo a visão de alguns teóricos contemporâneos.
Lídia Jorge: territórios da paixão e da escrita
Authors: Fornos José Luís Giovanoni
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho aborda os romances da escritora portuguesa Lídia Jorge, enfatizando os aspectos simbólicos do espaço. Considera, sobretudo, a dimensão histórica e política dos diferentes territórios examinados pela autora. Igualmente investiga a importância da escrita na construção espacial e o predomínio da paixão – amorosa e ideológica - nos conflitos identitários vividos pelas personagens.
“O anjo fílmico entra dentro de mim e filma-me através do coração”
Authors: Padilha Laura Cavalcante
Published: May 2021

Entrevista a José Luís Mendonça.
Itinerários poéticos em "Pensageiro frequente", de Mia Couto
Authors: Veiga Giselle Leite Tavares
Published: May 2021

Livro resenhado:COUTO, Mia. Pensageiro Frequente. Lisboa: Caminho, 2010.
Des-re-territorialização em "O vendedor de passados" de José Eduardo Agualusa: uma leitura sobre espaço e poder
Authors: Montalvão Stella
Published: May 2021

A literatura africana pós-colonial enfrenta hoje desafios impostos por um processo histórico ímpar: integrar processos como o da globalização, que alarga fronteiras e discute a identidade, e o da construção de uma identida­de nacional. Nesse contexto, relações de poder se instalam no e através do próprio espaço que se ocupa, em que se vive e pelo qual estabelecemos nos­sa identidade, ou não. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo destacar as relações de poder que enfrentam os personagens da obra O vendedor de passados de José Eduardo Agualusa, em sua busca pelo estabelecimento de um espaço próprio, de um território, na concepção desenvolvida por Haesbaert.
Kebijakan Hukum Perbuatan Pelecehan Seksual (Catcalling) dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana
Authors: Kartika Yuni , Najemi Andi
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan menganalisis pengaturan tentang perbuatan catcalling dalam perspektif hukum pidana serta menganalisis pengaturan perbuatan pelecehan seksual verbal menurut pembaharuan hukum pidana. Penelitian  ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa perbuatan (catcalling) berpotensi adanya tindak pidana yang telah memenuhi unsur-unsur dari tindak pidana, perbuatan ini dikategorikan sebagai perbuatan pelecehan seksual verbal dan dapat dikaji dari beberapa pasal di dalam KUHP, Undang-Undang tentang pornografi serta diperlukannya suatu kebijakan hukum terkait aturan khusus perbuatan catcalling untuk mencapai suatu kepastian hukum dan juga terpenuhinya suatu syarat-syarat kriminalisasi sehingga perbuatan catcalling bisa dibuat aturan secara khusus. Kesimpulannya yaitu perbuatan catcalling berpotensi suatu tindak pidana yang terjadi di ruang lingkup publik melalui unsur-unsur suatu tindak pidana, dampak perbuatan catcalling ini mengakibatkan terganggunya mental, psikologi, sampai pada tingkat kejiwaan dan untuk menentukan suatu kebijakan perlu memperhatikan moral, nilai dan asas yang terkadung di dalam masyarakat dan memperhatikan syarat-syarat kriminalisasi. Untuk mencapai suatu kepastian hukum perlunya kebijakan hukum mengenai aturan secara khusus terkait perbuatan catcalling serta adanya sanksi sosial bagi pelaku catcalling.
ABSTRACT
This article aims to understand and analyze the regulation of catcalling from the perspective of criminal law and to analyze the regulation of verbal sexual harassment according to the reform of the criminal law. This research is a normative legal research. The results of this study indicate that catcalling has the potential for a criminal act that has met the elements of a criminal act, this act is categorized as an act of verbal sexual harassment and can be reviewed from several articles in the Criminal Code, the Law on pornography and the need for a legal policy related to the special rules for catcalling acts to achieve legal certainty and also the fulfillment of a criminalization condition so that the catcalling act can be made specific rules. The conclusion is that catcalling is potentially a criminal act that occurs in the public sphere through the elements of a criminal act, the impact of this catcalling act causes mental and psychological disruption to the psychological level and to determine a policy it is necessary to pay attention to the morals, values and principles involved. in society and pay attention to the conditions for criminalization. To achieve legal certainty, it is necessary to have a legal policy regarding specific rules related to catcalling acts as well as the existence of social sanctions for catcallers.
Totális medialitás és ökocídium
Authors: Sükösd Miklós
Published: May 2021

A tanulmány szerint a mai nyugati társadalmak mediatizációja hozzájárul az ökológiai válság elmélyüléséhez, vagyis a két folyamat közvetett oksági kapcsolatban áll egymással. A szerző hét érvet fejt ki a hipotézisének bizonyítására: 1) A médiahasználatra fordított idő növekszik az időmérlegekben; 2) a médiaélmények egyre jelentősebbek a társadalmi identitás alkotásában; 3-4) a fősodrú média napirendjén és a médianarratívákban kevéssé szerepel releváns módon szerepel a természeti környezet témája; 5) a fősodrú média a természetromboló fogyasztást generáló reklám és marketingkommunikáció terepe; 6) a nyugati emberiség a természeti környezettől fokozatosan a digitális univerzum szimbolikus környezetébe vándorol, s így viszonylag kevéssé érzékeli az ökológiai válságot; 7) a média saját téridőt (genius anti-loci) használ, amely szembenáll a fizikai és biológiai (élő)hely jelentőségével és jelentésteliségével (genius loci).
Tapasztalati termékek
Authors: Duma László , Monda Eszter
Published: May 2021

Cikkünk körbejárja az internetes tájékozódástól a vásárlásig terjedő utat a tapasztalati termékekre fókuszálva. A tanulmány elején a tapasztalati termékek tulajdonságait mutatjuk be, majd megvizsgáljuk az információtechnológiának ezekre a javakra ható tényezőit. A kommunikációs csatornák átrendeződését egy kutatással kívánjuk megvizsgálni, amelyben a felhasználóknak a tapasztalati termékekkel kapcsolatos szokásait vizsgáljuk. A vizsgálat főként arra terjed ki, hogy milyen információs csatornák segítségével jut el a felhasználó a vásárlásig, illetve az azt megelőző információgyűjtésig, és mennyire meghatározó a közösség véleményformáló ereje és az általa létrejött kollektív tudat. Ennek eredményeképp a vállalatok is felkészülhetnek az online világban egyre inkább élesedő versenyre. Összegzésképpen a mintából levonható tanulságok, gyakorlati példák és a releváns uralkodó elméletek alapján meghatározzuk azokat a fontos IKT-eszközöket, valamint fejlődésük várható irányát, amelyeknek döntő hatásuk lesz a közeljövőben a fogyasztók viselkedésére.
Az informatikai eszközök használatával kapcsolatos attitűdök az egyetemi hallgatók körében ma Magyarországon
Authors: Bederna Zsolt
Published: May 2021

A fogyasztói társadalom sajnálatos velejárója a pazarló életmód, melynek mértéke jelen-tős az információs technológiák felhasználása terén is. Jelen cikk egy magyar egyetemi hallgatók körében az informatika és a környezet kapcsolatvilága, valamint az informatikai biztonság témáiban végzett primer kutatás eredményeit mutatja be és elemzi, kiemelten a fenntarthatósággal kapcsolatos attitűdökre koncentrálva az informatikai eszközök kiválasztása, vásárlása és használata tekintetében.
Megy-e a digitalizálás által a világ elébb?
Authors: Nagy Gyula
Published: May 2021

Az elmúlt évtizedek során megvalósult digitalizálási projektek és online adatbázisok használata közben viszonylag könnyen beláthatjuk, nem állunk már annyira messze annak az állapotnak az elérésétől, hogy minden valaha keletkezett analóg és már eleve digitális formában született információ felkerüljön a hálózatra. Tíz éve ez még sokkal kevésbé lett volna hihető, ma azonban már ott tartunk, hogy nevet kellene keresnünk ennek az elérendő állapotnak. A jövő lehetőségeinek tárgyalása mellett bemutatásra kerül két, a közelmúltban elindult magyar digitális archívum, mintegy alátámasztva azt, hogy mi mindenre vagyunk már ma is képesek és a nem olyan távoli jövőben valóban megvalósítható lesz a „digitális szingularitás” ideája.
Planetarium commute accessibility in the United States of America
Authors: Kaurov Alexander A. , Bazhenov Vyacheslav , SubbaRao Mark
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 global pandemic unprecedently disturbed the education system in the United States and lead to the closure of all planetariums that were providing immersive science communication. This situation motivates us to examine how accessible the planetarium facilities were before the pandemic. We investigate the most important socioeconomic and geographical factors that affect the planetarium accessibility using the U.S. Census Bureau data and the commute time to the nearest planetarium for each ZIP Code Tabulated Area. We show the magnitude of the effect of permanent closure of a fraction of planetariums. Our study can be informative for strategizing the pandemic response.
SARS-CoV-2 Re-Infection versus Prolonged Shedding: A Case Series
Authors: Nicholson Erin , Avadhanula Vasanthi , Fragoso Sonia , Stroh Rachel , Ye Xunyan , Bond Nanette , Santarcangelo Patricia , Stroh John , Piedra Pedro
Published: May 2021

Since the start of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, it has been difficult to
differentiate between SARS-CoV-2 re-infection and prolonged RNA
shedding. In this report, we identified patients with positive rtPCR
results for SARS-CoV-2 ≥70 days apart. Clinical and laboratory data were
collected and criteria were applied to discern whether the presentation
was consistent with SARS-CoV-2 re-infection or prolonged viral RNA
shedding. Eleven individuals met the initial testing criteria, of which,
seven met at least one criteria for re-infection and four were
consistent with prolonged RNA shedding. These data demonstrate the need
for criteria to differentiate SARS-CoV-2 re-infection from prolonged RNA
shedding.
How do algae endosymbionts mediate for their coral host fitness under heat stress? A comprehensive mechanistic overview
Authors: Al-Hammad Montaser , Silva thamara Ferreira , Hussein Hussein , Saxena Garima , Modolo Luzia , westphal hildegard , Farag Mohamed
Published: May 2021

Climate change is considered as one of the biggest threats to coral
reefs in the next 100 years. The most significant impact of climate
change would be the rise in global seawater temperature. A critical
turning point which determines the fate of coral reefs depends on how
corals and their associated algae respond to the rise in seawater
temperature. Symbiotic plasticity may help corals to survive such
environmental threats. The zooxanthella Symbiodinium is classified into
nine clades (A – I), six of which are known to be coral symbionts. As
reaction to thermal stress, symbionts are lost to the host by several
mechanisms. Physiological models on the importance of nitrogen fixing
bacteria, i.e., diazotrophs, for bleached corals indicate that
diazotrophically derived nitrogen either allows corals to better
withstand bleaching, or increases bleaching by generating unbalanced
nutrient requirements that lead to phosphorous starvation of the
Symbiodinium. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggered by symbiosis
operation of the damaged photosynthetic machinery causes leaks in the
host cell, where they overpower cellular antioxidant mechanisms and
potentially damage the host tissue. Both symbiotic partners, however,
have significant adaptations for managing ROS to mitigate against cell
damage as illustrated herein. Such extensive compile of literature in
this review suggest that physiological host plasticity and/or symbiotic
components clearly plays a significant role in response to thermal
stress that may also vary between different species of corals, as many
corals may contain specific ecotypes or clades of zooxanthellae which
may vary in their ability to withstand thermal stress.
An Analysis of the Risk Factors for the Failure of Respiratory Support With High-flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy in Children with Acute Respiratory Dysfunction: a case-control study
Authors: LIU Jie , LI De-yuan , LUO Li-li , LIU Zhong-qiang , LI Xiao-qing , QIAO Li-na
Published: May 2021

Objective:High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) is a new type of
non-invasive respiratory support technique that widely used in pediatric
intensive care units (PICUs);however,improper use of HFNC is likely to
bring adverse outcomes to critically ill children.Our objective of this
study was to identify the risk factors for the failure of HFNC.Study
design: Divided the patients into different categories: HFNC success
group, a 48h failure group, a 24h failure group, and a 2h failure
group.The clinical indexes and the change trend in HFNC before and after
treatment were dynamically observed in 67 pediatric patients. Risk
factors for HFNC failure were determined using multivariate logistic
regression analysis.Results:PRISM III score>4 points and
PaCO2>43 mmHg were risk factors for 48h failure (OR were
4.064, 4.516, P<0.05); PaCO2>43 mmHg was risk
factors for 24 h failure (OR was 3.152, P<0.05); PRISM III
score>6.5 points and PaCO2/PaO2 ratio>0.67
were risk factors for 2 h failure (OR were 27.977, 64.366,
P<0.05) and the risk of HFNC failure increased more than 5
times when the PaO2/FiO2 ratio decreased by>28% after 2 h
of HFNC treatment, and the invasive mechanical ventilation time was
statistically longer in the patients that upgraded from HFNC to invasive
respiratory support than that of patients who received invasive
respiratory support directly(P<0.05).Conclusions:The PRISM III
score, PaCO2 and PaCO2/PaO2 ratio were risk factors for HFNC
failure.Totally the shorter the failure time, the higher the values of
the risk factors were, and the higher the failure risk of HFNC was. The
change in the PaO2/FiO2 ratio before and after HFNC is a warning
indicator for early HFNC failure. And early HFNC failure might lead to
prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation.
Moral Deference and the Proto-authority of Affect
Authors: Sreenivasan Gopal
Published: May 2021

This chapter argues that deferring to the feelings of an exemplar of virtue is sometimes the best way to figure out what the morally right thing to do is in a given practical situation. It stresses that ordinary people are sometimes warranted in deferring to an exemplar of virtue about what should be done in some practical situation. It also points out that the authority of an exemplar of virtue's advice is partly constituted by the proto-authority of the emotional response to the agent's situation. The chapter explores the proposition that moral deference is sometimes warranted, clarifying that the prescription or advice to which deference is warranted concerns the requirements of some virtue. It emphasizes that critics of moral deference distinguish accepting moral advice from moral deference proper.
Should Virtue Be Taught?
Authors: Sreenivasan Gopal
Published: May 2021

This chapter traces philosophical discussions of character education that typically assume that virtue should be taught and clarifies whether it can be taught. It develops several different arguments for the paradoxical conclusion that virtue should not be taught, even when it can be taught. It also cites a dialogue in Plato's Meno, in which the character named Meno evidently presupposes that virtue should be acquired, if only it can be. The chapter examines the extent to which the viability of Meno's presupposition is affected by the specific modalities of character education on how virtue is to be acquired, rather than if it can be acquired. It distinguishes between two different models of virtue acquisition: the ham-fisted Aristotelian model and the Fosbury model.
United We Stand
Authors: Johnson Dominic D. P.
Published: May 2021

This chapter examines the strategic advantages of the in-group/out-group bias. It discusses people that have a powerful tendency to favor their own in-group and its members, while disparaging out-groups and their members. It also clarifies the strength and prevalence of the in-group/out-group bias that forms a bedrock foundation in social psychology and is critical to social identity and intergroup relations. The chapter investigates how group prejudices can have appalling human consequences in the bias's contribution to the oppression of minority groups, ethnic conflict, and genocide. It highlights the implication of the role of the in-group/out-group bias in fanning the flames of the Balkan wars, the Rwandan genocide, and the Israeli Palestinian conflict.
Conquest by Money
Authors: Todd David
Published: May 2021

This chapter discusses the financial dimension of French informal imperialism. Foreign loans played an important part in France's commercial boom after 1850, as they often served to pay, directly or indirectly, for other countries' imports of French commodities. Examining the rationale and practical arrangements of French foreign lending in detail can therefore shed further light on the articulation of the military, economic, and cultural foundations of French informal imperial power. After underlining the peculiar propensity of France to export its capital in the nineteenth century, the chapter shows how a strand of French political economy, from Talleyrand to Leroy-Beaulieu, overtly promoted loans to friendly foreign states as a way of exercising tutelage beyond national borders. The chapter then turns to several prominent instances of French foreign lending — Haiti in the 1820s, the Ottoman Empire after 1850, and Mexico in the 1860s — to examine the logistics of French imperial finance and highlight the persistent primacy of political control rather than profit as the ultima ratio of French capital exports.
Conclusion
Authors: Todd David
Published: May 2021

This concluding chapter explains that the French swings from the informal to the territorial and back again conformed to a global pattern. The crucial role played by global factors helps in understanding why an empire tends to resemble another at any given time, but it does not imply that all empires are the same. The main singularity of successive French imperial formations since 1789 was probably their assertiveness, relative to other European countries' imperial ambitions and France's actual resources. This is well established in the cases of the Napoleonic and republican colonial empires, and the chapter states that the book shows that between 1815 and 1880 France continued to pursue empire, albeit by informal means. France was not a nation-state that experienced aberrant imperial moments, but it was almost always a nation-state and an empire. The conclusion illustrates the principal analytical benefit of the concept of informal empire.
Introduction
Authors: Miller Nicola
Published: May 2021

This chapter introduces the term 'republic of knowledge', which conceives of knowledge as having a reality and an organisation along the lines of a republic or series of republics. It highlights sovereign states created in Spanish America that were founded on promises of enlightenment for all the people. It also illustrates the image of knowledge as a republic that alludes to a transnational ideal based on principles of openness, free exchange, absence of privilege, and a sense of the common good. The chapter traces how the republics of knowledge in this first sense of open exchange converged and overlapped with the second sense of knowledge, which is foundational to a modern republic during the wars of independence in Spanish America. It emphasizes the embrace of modern knowledge that was a founding justification for the new political communities emerging in the Americas and a necessary condition of an inspirational future.
Not the ‘Dismal Science’ but the ‘Lifeless’ One
Authors: Miller Nicola
Published: May 2021

This chapter looks at how development economics was pioneered at the United Nations, which founded the Economic Commission for Latin America in Santiago de Chile. It cites Argentine Raúl Prebisch and other economists from across the region who built on his argument that the terms of trade for primary products in Argentina were bound to decline as technological advance accelerated. It also discusses the raft of policies stemming from the theory of structuralism that promote industrialisation and reduce reliance on imports in the developing world. The chapter elaborates on the fundamental ideas of the Economic Commission for Latin America in Santiago de Chile that remained influential on the dependency school, the world system theorists, and the policy-making of the New Left. It questions the assumption that classical political economy was hegemonic in Latin America from independence until the Second World War.
Introduction
Authors: Lichterman Paul
Published: May 2021

This introductory chapter provides an overview of social advocacy groups. Social advocates turn conditions into social problems. They craft compelling claims about the problems, and build campaigns to solve them. How do social advocates make the claims and sustain the relationships of collective problem-solving? A lot of research has conceived of social advocacy groups as savvy operators carrying out these tasks strategically. The book shows that as advocates strategize, they are embedded in cultural and social contexts every step of the way. These contexts shape advocates' notions of what counts as savvy — and in which situations — what counts as a win, and how to get there. Solving social problems, in other words, depends a lot on how advocates pursue the solutions, not just what their solutions are. There are distinct ways to be strategic, with different trade-offs. Ultimately, the book demonstrates how civic action works.