bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kohonen’s self-organizing maps for the study of genetic dissimilarity among soybean cultivars and genotypes
Authors: Sá Ludimila Geiciane de , Azevedo Alcinei Mistico , Albuquerque Carlos Juliano Brant , Valadares Nermy Ribeiro , Brito Orlando Gonçalves , Fernandes Ana Clara Gonçalves , Aspiazú Ignacio
Published: July 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic dissimilarity between soybean cultivars and genotypes for the selection of parents, as well as to propose a new method for using Kohonen’s self-organizing maps (SOMs) and to test its efficiency through Anderson’s discriminant analysis. The morphoagronomic descriptors of soybean cultivars and genotypes were evaluated. For data analysis, SOM-type artificial neural networks were used. The proposed method allowed the determination of the best network architecture in a nonsubjective way. Furthermore, at the beginning of training, it was possible to mitigate the randomness effect of the synaptic weights on the formed clusters. Six dissimilar clusters were formed; therefore, there is genetic dissimilarity between soybean cultivars and genotypes. Cultivars C25, C8, and C13 can be combined with C36, C31, C32, and C33 because they show good yield-related attributes and high dissimilarity. The proposed methodology is advantageous in comparison with the use of traditional SOMs, besides being efficient due to clustering consistency according to Anderson’s discriminant analysis.
Protein and carbohydrate profiles of 'Massai' grass silage with pelleted citrus pulp and microbial inoculant
Authors: Anjos Amanda Nunes Assis dos , Almeida João Carlos de Carvalho , Viegas Carlos Renato , Silva Pedro Henrique Ferreira da , Morais Leonardo Fiusa de , Nepomuceno Delci de Deus , Carvalho Carlos Augusto Brandão de , Soares Felipe Almeida
Published: July 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of pelleted citrus pulp and microbial inoculant on the fermentation characteristics, carbohydrate and protein fractionation, and total digestible nutrient contents of 'Massai' grass (Megathyrsus maximus × Megathyrsus infestus) silage. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2×4 factorial arrangement (application or not of inoculant × 0, 10, 20, and 30% citrus pulp) with five replicates. There was an increase in dry matter recovery as affected by citrus pulp levels. The values obtained for pH and ammonia nitrogen indicated an adequate fermentation process. Under increasing citrus pulp levels, there was a reduction in neutral detergent fiber and an increase in nonfibrous carbohydrate contents and in protein linked to fiber. Total digestible nutrient content reaches a peak of 513.1 g kg1 with the inclusion of 12.50% citrus pulp. The microbial inoculant, when isolated, does not influence carbohydrate and protein profiles. Inclusions between 10 and 20% citrus pulp are able to maintain adequate fermentative parameters and improve the digestible nutrient profile, with an adequate dry matter recovery.
Selection of common bean genotypes with higher macro- and micromineral concentrations in the grains
Authors: Ribeiro Nerinéia Dalfollo , Kläsener Greice Rosana , Argenta Henrique da Silva , Andrade Fabricio Fuzzer de
Published: July 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic variability of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes of different grain types as to macro- and micromineral concentrations, as well as to select superior genotypes by the multiplicative index. A total of 22 common bean genotypes were evaluated in experiments carried out in the dry and rainy seasons. The concentration of six minerals (potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, and copper) was determined, and the multiplicative index was applied to individual and combined experiments. There was a significant effect of the genotype × environment interaction on the concentration of all minerals, and, when the genotype effect was decomposed into grain types, the genotypes differed as to the concentration of three or more minerals. There is genetic variability in the concentration of macro- and microminerals in the common bean genotypes evaluated in the dry and rainy seasons. In the combined experiments, high heritability estimates (≥ 62.60%) and a greater total genetic gain (283.59%) are observed. The multiplicative index applied to combined experiments allows the selection of superior common bean genotypes of the following grain types: red (Amendoim comprido and Light Red Kidney), cranberry ('BRS Executivo' and 'Hooter'), and carioca ('IPR Siriri'), which have high phosphorus and iron concentrations; Amendoim comprido also stands out for its high potassium concentration.
Application technology of SfMNPV-6nd in the control of fall armyworm
Authors: Dorneles Junior Joáz , Raetano Carlos Gilberto , Prado Evandro Pereira , Oliveira Regiane Cristina de
Published: July 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the application technology and the compatibility of the SfMNPV-6nd baculovirus with surfactants and markers in the mortality of Spodoptera frugiperda second-instar larvae. The compatibility studies were carried out with the brilliant blue (BB) dye and copper oxychloride (CO) markers and with the polyalkylene oxide heptamethyltrisiloxane (PH) and ethoxylated alkylphenol (EA) surfactants mixed with the SfMNPV-6nd biological insecticide. Droplet dispersion was assessed by spraying a SfMNPV-6nd solution on corn plants using flat fan and hollow cone nozzles. The evaluated parameters were: spray deposits, volumetric median diameter (VMD), droplet size, pH of spray solution, and mortality of second-instar S. frugiperda larvae. The PH and EA surfactants present synergism with SfMNPV-6nd and increase S. frugiperda control. The addition of the EA and CO surfactants to the SfMNPV-6nd solution reduces pH values. Droplet density, VMD, spray deposition of the SfMNPV-6nd solution, and mortality of S. frugiperda second-instar larvae do not differ among treatments regardless of the type of nozzle used.
The diversity of Eimeria spp. in cattle in the Brazilian Semiarid region
Authors: Melo Lídio Ricardo Bezerra , Sousa Luana Carneiro , Lima Brendo Andrade , Silva Ana Luzia Peixoto , Lima Estefany Ferreira , Ferreira Larissa Claudino , Feitosa Thais Ferreira , Vilela Vinícius Longo Ribeiro
Published: July 2022

Abstract The aim of the present study was to find out the diversity of Eimeria species in cattle herds in the semiarid region of Brazil. Forty cattle fecal samples were collected from 20 farms in the Paraíba State, Northeast Brazil, and examined by centrifugation-floatation technique in sucrose solution. From each positive animal, 20 oocysts were photographed and measured. Infection by Eimeria spp. was detected in 17.12% (137/800) of the samples analyzed. All the farms had at least one animal that was positive for Eimeria spp. (100%; 20/20). In total, 2740 coccidia were photographed and measured. The species detected were: Eimeria bovis (35.1%); Eimeria canadensis (17.48%); Eimeria auburnensis (14.7%); Eimeria ellipsoidalis (9.7%); Eimeria zuernii (7.22%); Eimeria brasiliensis (4.56%); Eimeria bukidnonensis (3.97%); Eimeria illinoisensis (2.91%); Eimeria wyomingensis (1.42%); Eimeria alabamensis (1.27%); Eimeria cylindrica (0.76%); Eimeria pellita (0.54%); Eimeria ildefonsoi (0.21%); and Eimeria subspherica (0.07%). It was concluded that cattle in the semiarid region of Brazil were parasitized by 14 species of Eimeria. It is thinked that the sanitary management employed, as well as the system used for raising these animals, is the crucial point that leads to high rates of infection in this region.
Completitude, consistência e não duplicidade dos registros de violência sexual infantil no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação em Santa Catarina, 2009-2019
Authors: Platt Vanessa Borges , Coelho Elza Berger Salema , Bolsoni Carolina , Höfelmann Doroteia Aparecida
Published: July 2022

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a completitude, consistência e duplicidade de registros de violência sexual infantil no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) em Santa Catarina, Brasil, no período de 2009 a 2019. Métodos Estudo transversal descritivo e analítico, para avaliar a qualidade dos dados do Sinan quanto à completitude, consistência e não duplicidade. Resultados Foram notificados 3.489 casos de violência, observando-se aumento de 662,5% no número de notificações no período estudado, tendo o aumento do número de centros de referência ao atendimento das pessoas em situação de violência sexual no estado, explicado 46,7% da variação no número de casos, entre os anos estudados. A consistência foi excelente em 90,0% dos registros; e a completitude, entre excelente e boa em 92,3% deles. Para 14 variáveis, observou-se tendência de aumento da completitude no período. Não houve registro de duplicidades. Conclusão Os dados do sistema de vigilância da violência sexual contra crianças foram considerados adequados nos quesitos avaliados.
Concord and cooperation: Juan de Albuquerque, Bishop of Goa, and the first Jesuits in Asia (1542-1553)
Authors: Paiva José Pedro
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Historiography has already shown that the relationship between the Society of Jesus and other institutions and agents in the religious field has given way to various controversies. This article analyses the atmosphere created between the first Jesuits who reached Asia and the Franciscan bishop Juan de Albuquerque, who ruled the diocese when they settled there in 1542, headed by Francis Xavier. What was the pattern of their relationship? How did they cooperate? Why did they keep a climate of concord and cooperation? This is the context and the problematic here discussed. Different scales of analysis will be adopted, and this combinatory perspective will reveal the structural reasons, but also the specific behavior of the agents who are entangled in this relationship, showing how this type of contingency is crucial to understand the climate created between the Jesuits and the bishop who, in India, structured the first Portuguese diocese in Asia.
Êxitos e fracassos: a circulação de pessoas, práticas e conhecimentos nos mundos ibéricos, séculos XVI-XVIII
Authors: Lugo Gibran Bautista y , Bicalho Maria Fernanda
Published: July 2022

Resumo: A apresentação “Êxitos e fracassos: a circulação de pessoas, práticas e conhecimentos nos mundos ibéricos, séculos XVI-XVIII” oferece um quadro historiográfico atualizado para reconhecer o fenómeno circulatório, para estabelecer os seus limites interpretativos e para ponderar as contribuições dos cinco artigos do dossiê. A ênfase é colocada na circulação como uma experiência fundamental na configuração dos mundos ibéricos, nas suas várias escalas, como produtora de significados compartilhados e itinerários multidirecionais. O papel dos processos circulatórios na definição do que foi entendido como sucesso ou fracasso é também considerado. Finalmente, com base nos estudos de caso apresentados nos artigos, são discutidos aspectos básicos do fenômeno, tais como a plasticidade institucional, a auto-organização comunitária e a natureza não normativa do conhecimento em movimento.
Entre o trágico e a Salvação: como os naufrágios na “História trágico--marítima” ensinam a peregrinar na Costa Sul-Oriental da África
Authors: Furtado Junia Ferreira
Published: July 2022

Resumo: O artigo revela como os relatos de naufrágios, ocorridos no século XVI, publicados na forma de panfletos e, no século seguinte, transcritos por Bernardo Gomes de Brito, na História trágico-marítima (1735), foram fundamentais para que os sobreviventes dos sucessivos naufrágios ocorridos na costa da África Sul-Oriental encontrassem os meios de subsistência, o caminho em terra a ser percorrido e os povos nativos a serem contatados de modo a serem salvos, a que denomino de Rota da Salvação. Em meio à tragédia e às perdas de vidas humanas e de materiais, os relatos de naufrágio desempenharam um papel positivo ao divulgar o conhecimento necessário à peregrinação dos sobreviventes.
O morador, o estante e o proibido: flamengos em São Paulo no contexto da Monarquia Hispânica (1580-1640)
Authors: Vilardaga José Carlos
Published: July 2022

Resumo: O artigo busca, através de uma documentação diversificada - que inclui inventários e testamentos, atas de câmara, petições aos conselhos da monarquia, autos inquisitoriais, dentre outras -, apresentar aspectos das trajetórias de três flamengos que tiveram suas vidas articuladas por passagens e permanências pela vila de São Paulo de Piratininga, nas primeiras décadas do século XVII. As trajetórias de Manoel Vandale, Cornélio de Arzam e Pedro de Sauce devem ser inseridas no contexto da Monarquia Hispânica, e nas suas possibilidades de circulação, dialogando com um momento conturbado das relações entre os Países Baixos e o império espanhol dos Habsburgos. Um momento no qual as condições de naturalidade e estrangeiridade, assim como de clandestinidades e suspeitas, andavam pari passu com uma costumeira presença de flamengos nas partes do Brasil, onde, em muitas circunstâncias, estavam plenamente inseridos em redes econômicas de escala regional ou imperial.
“É uso do mundo dizer mal dos bons”: ruína e restauração do marquês de Montalvão sob as voltas da roda da fortuna
Authors: Loureiro Marcello José Gomes
Published: July 2022

Resumo: No contexto da Restauração portuguesa, a banalização das confianças promoveu uma profusão de suspeitas, prisões e execuções, mesmo no seio da mais alta fidalguia. Nem sempre a queda daqueles que cercavam o novo rei era definitiva, muito embora frequente. Uma das trajetórias mais representativas do binômio “subir” e “descer”, objeto de tanta tinta de Antônio Vieira, é a do marquês de Montalvão. Preso e libertado algumas vezes, Montalvão sintetizava uma conjuntura de incerteza, que conjugava fracasso e prestígio. Em face de uma carreira instigante e de uma tipologia variada de documentos, este artigo tem a pretensão de discutir a carreira do marquês à luz da ideia de roda da fortuna, alegoria comum nos escritos e representações de época. Uma de suas principais contribuições é a de que, apesar da noção de movimento advinda da roda da fortuna, ela acabava por cristalizar e conservar comportamentos sociais.
O Brasil e o Tribunal do Santo Ofício português: réus, cartas e agentes em circulação no mundo atlântico
Authors: Calainho Daniela
Published: July 2022

Resumo: Este artigo pretende fazer algumas reflexões em relação ao tribunal inquisitorial português, criado em 1536 e extinto em 1821, no que diz respeito às múltiplas dimensões de uma circulação que esta instituição possibilitou: primeiramente, de vasta correspondência e de seus agentes no Império colonial português no Atlântico, uma vez que no Brasil não se criou um tribunal local. Além disso, a própria dinâmica de funcionamento do Santo Ofício, ao transferir os acusados no Brasil para o Tribunal de Lisboa, para lá aguardarem o desfecho de seus processos, fez circular indivíduos acusados de ideias e práticas heréticas, que acabaram por se difundir também no Reino. Enfatizaremos aqui alguns exemplos ligados aos cristãos-novos e aos feiticeiros. Além disso, o sistema punitivo inquisitorial, ao incluir a pena do degredo no rol de penitências que sofreram os réus, foi também promotor da proliferação de condutas heréticas que o Santo Ofício queria extirpar.
Autotelic Agents with Intrinsically Motivated Goal-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning: A Short Survey
Authors: Colas Cédric , Karch Tristan , Sigaud Olivier , Oudeyer Pierre-Yves
Published: July 2022

Building autonomous machines that can explore open-ended environments, discover possible interactions and build repertoires of skills is a general objective of artificial intelligence. Developmental approaches argue that this can only be achieved by autotelic agents: intrinsically motivated learning agents that can learn to represent, generate, select and solve their own problems. In recent years, the convergence of developmental approaches with deep reinforcement learning (RL) methods has been leading to the emergence of a new field: developmental reinforcement learning. Developmental RL is concerned with the use of deep RL algorithms to tackle a developmental problem— the intrinsically motivated acquisition of open-ended repertoires of skills. The self-generation of goals requires the learning of compact goal encodings as well as their associated goal-achievement functions. This raises new challenges compared to standard RL algorithms originally designed to tackle pre-defined sets of goals using external reward signals. The present paper introduces developmental RL and proposes a computational framework based on goal-conditioned RL to tackle the intrinsically motivated skills acquisition problem. It proceeds to present a typology of the various goal representations used in the literature, before reviewing existing methods to learn to represent and prioritize goals in autonomous systems. We finally close the paper by discussing some open challenges in the quest of intrinsically motivated skills acquisition.
Vacuum consolidation of soil: clogging effect, varying permeability and compressibility
Authors: Wang Peng , Yang XiaoTian , Zhang Jian , Ge Xueyan
Published: July 2022

The clogging of a soil pile in vacuum preloading of dredged soil combined with a prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) was investigated through laboratory model tests and analytical modelling. Variation in the water content and permeability of soil around the PVD clarified the formation of a soil pile. Seepage and consolidation tests on the formed soil pile indicated that the clogging effect slowed down the drainage of pore water rather than stopping it. Taking the soil pile as a filter layer, an analytical model was established incorporating the clogging effect and the varying permeability and compressibility of soil. Finally, based on a comparison of existing results and the analytical model, an empirical linear relationship was developed for estimating the likely range of the permeability and scale of a soil pile in terms of the reduction in the void ratio for vacuum-assisted soil consolidation. The proposed model simulated the consolidation process of soil with a high water content appropriately. A soil pile with lower permeability or larger diameter led to more serious clogging effects on the soil consolidation. The development of the clogging effect decreased with an extension of the soil pile.
Design of deep rock tunnels using hyperstatic reaction and convergence confinement methods
Authors: Du Dianchun , Dias Daniel , Do Ngocanh
Published: July 2022

Tunnel lining is usually installed with delay behind the tunnel face excavation, which requires that a displacement is considered at the tunnel boundary before the support structure installation. This delayed installation comes with a release and redistribution of stress in the rock mass. Internal tunnel lining forces significantly rely on the stress relaxation process taking place in the rock mass surrounding the excavated tunnel. One of the difficulties when designing tunnel supports is, therefore, to analyse the rock–support interaction considering the tunnel lining convergence caused by the stress redistribution. Here, a simple and effective calculation process based on the combination of two methods, the hyperstatic reaction method (HRM) and convergence confinement method, is presented to analyse the interaction of rock mass and support structure. The rock mass is assumed to obey the Hoek–Brown criterion. The stress release is also taken into consideration. The present method is validated by comparing results of the HRM in terms of tunnel lining forces against the analytical ones. Thereafter, the effect of the stress release coefficient, the tunnel depth and the Hoek–Brown criterion parameters (the geological strength index and σci) on the lining internal forces are presented and discussed.
Visualization of pile penetration using mechanoluminescent-coated particles
Authors: Kondo A. , Takano D. , Kohama E. , Bathurst R. J.
Published: July 2022

Pile model penetration tests were conducted in a transparent plane strain container filled with granular mechanoluminescent-coated particles. The pile models were constructed with flat- and cone-shaped tips. Load transmission through the analogue granular soil was captured by taking images of the light emissions from one side of the container that were triggered by inter-particle force-induced mechanoluminescence during pile penetration. Time-coincident images were taken from the other side of the container using a second camera and the corresponding displacement fields computed using the digital image correlation method. Particle contact force chains at peak loads are shown to be in reasonable agreement with particle displacement fields. Differences in both displacement fields and patterns of particle contact force chains were detectable between pile models with flat- and cone-shaped pile tips. The orientations of the particle contact force chains generated at the base of the flat-tip pile model at peak pile load were in reasonable agreement with the geometry of the wedge of soil assumed from classical bearing capacity theory.
Analysis of unsaturated seepage in infinite slopes by means of horizontal ground infiltration models
Authors: Bianchi Diana , Gallipoli Domenico , Bovolenta Rossella , Leoni Martino
Published: July 2022

This paper describes a simple methodology to calculate the two-dimensional seepage across an infinite unsaturated slope using models of one-dimensional infiltration through horizontal ground. The methodology decomposes the seepage across the infinite slope into antisymmetric and symmetric parts, whose respective solutions are combined to calculate the actual flow regime. The antisymmetric solution is trivial and does not even require integration of the governing continuity equation, while the symmetric solution, albeit non-trivial, reduces to the case of one-dimensional flow through horizontal ground, for which solutions already exist. The methodology is generally applicable to the calculation of distinct seepage regimes across unsaturated slopes with different hydraulic properties under both stationary and transient conditions. The paper also defines the gradient of the piezometric head parallel to the slope, which is the Neumann boundary condition to be imposed on slope sections perpendicular to the ground surface. The rigorous definition of this gradient overcomes the need of imposing arbitrary boundary conditions in finite-element models. Finally, the paper demonstrates that all infiltrated water crosses the slope along the shortest path – namely, the path normal to the surface – while the flow parallel to the slope is entirely fed by an upstream source at infinite distance.
Antimicrobianos y periodonto
Authors: Alzamora De La Rosa Leslie Esther , Julio Narváez Luis Carlos , Julio Alzamora Luis David de Jesús
Published: July 2022

Resumen: las infecciones odontogénicas (IO) están relacionadas con compromiso de la pulpa dental y afección del periodonto, son polimicrobianas pero predominan los anaerobios estrictos.  Además del drenaje o manejo quirúrgico, se utilizan antimicrobianos que acortan el tiempo de resolución y favorecen desenlaces predominantemente en términos de reducción de la profundidad de sondaje (PD) y ganancia de nivel de inserción. Los antimicrobianos más usados son los betalactámicos combinados con inhibidor de betalactamasa, el nitroimidazol, metronidazol, la azitromicina, entre los macrólidos, la lincosaminas, principalmente la clindamicina y las quinolonas con mayor éxito la moxifloxacina. Se han utilizado diversos regímenes de estos antimicrobianos para determinar  la no inferioridad en la mayoría, pero se han encontrado ventajas específicas con el uso de algunos como el menor tiempo de terapia, la mayor efectividad en el caso de la aparición de resistencia bacteriana y menores efectos secundarios.
La guerra de Ucrania, las Naciones Unidas y el Derecho Internacional: algunas certezas sistémicas insostenibles
Authors:   Universitat de Barcelona, Pons Rafols Xavier
Published: July 2022

In the context of the war in Ukraine, these pages aims to offer an initial reflection on some weaknesses - or systemic certainties - of the international legal order. A first systemic certainty is the limited or conditional commitment of some states to international law and its essential principles. A second systemic certainty lies in the perspective of state perceptions of international security and, especially, of each state’s own security. A third systemic certainty is the structural weaknesses of the United Nations when it comes to offering a collective and institutional response to an aggression such as the one that occurred in Ukraine, particularly if the aggressor is a state with a permanent seat on the Security Council. A fourth systemic certainty is that barbarism and horror in the context of armed conflict is still present and that war is always a humanitarian disaster. Finally, a fifth systemic certainty is the capacity for overprotection that a state in possession of atomic weapons or other weapons of mass destruction achieves.
Neuromyths in Education: An Analysis of the Prevalence Among Faculties of Higher Educational Institutions
Authors: Maximova Maria , Frolova Olga , Chekalina Tatiana
Published: July 2022

These days shows a rapid expansion of neuroscience in various spheres of society. Besides neuroscience results actively introduced in the education system, especially because of digitalization of society. However, there are also started to appear neuromyths, which are misconceptions generated by a misinterpretation of scientific facts related to the brain function. The prevalence of neuromyths could also bring a number of risks that can significantly affect the learning process. The study provides an analysis of the various research results that determined the extent of the prevalence of neuromyths among schools and universities educators in different countries. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of belief in neuromyths among faculties of Russian higher educational institutions. The results of the study showed the need for further active implementation of neurobiology approaches among faculties of educational organizations.
Efficiency of Russian institutions support for non-resource and non-energy exports
Authors:   Financial Research Institute of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, Sudakov Sergei
Published: July 2022

Current study analyzes the types of measures aimed at supporting exporters. The article focuses on the analysis of support for Russian exporters of non-resource non-energy goods, as well as institutions that act as government agents to provide this support. Hypothesis of the study: Russian export support institutions have had a positive impact on the growth of non-resource non-energy exports from Russia by increasing the efficiency of their work and provided support measures. In the course of testing the hypothesis, several nuances were revealed. In particular, Russian publicly available information on the volume of support for exporters, the volume of non-resource non-energy exports from Russia is quite scarce. At the same time, the available data indicate that Russia remains dependent on energy exports. The analysis showed that during the period of active promotion of exports from Russia since 2015, there are no obvious trends in the growth of exports of non-resource non-energy goods. At the same time, there are no obvious trends in improving the efficiency of support institutions and the provided support measures: it is shown on the example of one of the non-financial support measures that this measure is duplicated by information from international organizations. Based on the identified relationships, the article formulates conclusions regarding a possible increase in the efficiency of export support institutions, as well as the measures themselves. The findings also include streamlining the requirements for the provision of support, as well as strengthening interaction with international organizations.
Volatile chemical composition of Colombian Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng essential oil and its biocidal action against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)
Authors: Jaramillo-Colorado Beatriz Eugenia , Vega-Díaz Rafael , Pino-Benítez Cruz Nayibe
Published: July 2022

Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng is an herbaceous and aromatic plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. In this research work, the repellent and insecticidal activity of the essential oil (EO) of P. amboinicus from the Condoto township in the department of Choco (Colombia) against the flour weevil Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) was studied. EO was isolated by the hydrodistillation technique. The identification of the volatile metabolites of P. amboinicus EO was done through gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC / MS). The contact method was used for the bioassay of the essential oil’s repellent and fumigant activities. In the Plectranthus amboinicus EO, fifteen compounds were found. The major compound was carvacrol (75.9%) followed by α-bergamotene, p-cymene, α-humulene, 4-terpineol, caryophyllene oxide, β-guaiene, 1-octen-3-ol, α-muurolene, caryophyllene, 3-hexen-2-ol, γ-terpinene, isothymol, 2-carene and β-bisabolene, respectively. The highest repellent activity obtained was 83.33 and 9.67% at a concentration of 0,1% with exposure times of 2 and 4 hours, respectively. The fumigant activity was 100% at a concentration of EO 250 μL L-1. The results indicated that the natural compounds tested may be useful alternatives to control T. castaneum infestation.
PICKING A FIGHT WITH A DRAGON: RESISTING OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION IN A MEXICAN PEASANT COMMUNITY
Authors: Schöneich Svenja
Published: July 2022

It is well known that oil and gas extraction projects cause protests in many communities around the world, particularly in Latin America. However, not every community affected by the negative consequences of extraction engages in resistance. Based on the theoretical framework of social movement studies and anthropology, this article draws on findings from in-depth ethnographic fieldwork to examine why and how the members of a Mexican peasant community affected by oil and gas extraction engage in resistance. It does so by following Fletcher’s (2001) plea to reclaim the focus on the origins of resistance movements by adopting a nuanced understanding of the relevant factors regarding its emergence. The article argues that changes within external and internal power structures and social dynamics are crucial factors for the emergence of different forms of resistance, emphasizing the pluralistic and processual character of resistance.
Novel approaches to optimize nutrition in the elderly patients
Authors: Martyushev-Poklad Andrey V. , Yankevich Dmitry S. , Petrova Marina V. , Savitskaya Nataliya G.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: The current dietary advice for the elderly is not in line with contemporary understanding of the effects that nutrition produces on the universal mechanisms of age-related diseases.
AIM: This review is designed to consider modern concepts on the impact of nutrition on the development of age-related diseases and compare them with the current dietary advice for the elderly, with special focus on prevention of frailty and sarcopenia, the key factors of longevity and health quality.
METHODS: Search in Google Scholar and PubMed for reviews and clinical trials using the keywords nutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia.
RESULTS: Frailty is affected by several biopsychosocial factors, with nutrition having the paramount role. It dominates the onset and progression of the key mechanisms of accelerated aging: most importantly, chronic systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and gut dysbiosis. There is strong evidence that frailty is promoted by malnutrition (insufficiency of energy and nutrients), obesity (insulin resistance), protein deficit, high dietary inflammatory index, easily digested carbohydrates (including fructose and starch), highly processed food, and trans fats and indirectly by gluten. Frailty and sarcopenia can be prevented through the consumption of high-quality (animal) protein, vegetables and fruit (the source of dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, and phytonutrients), fats, nutrients with antioxidant properties (including vitamins A and E, zinc, selenium, and omega-3 fatty acids), correction of vitamin D status, support of gut microbial diversity, correction of hyperinsulinemia, and increased intestinal permeability.
CONCLUSION: The dietary advice for elderly patients requires revision in line with the contemporary understanding of mechanisms behind age-related diseases and the recent evidence base. This review covers the basics of nutrition essential to prevent frailty and sarcopenia.
Capital Expenditures of The Russian Regions’ Budgets: Regulatory Problems
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kadochnikov Denis ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: July 2022

Institutional approach to the discussion of public finance implies first of all the analysis of norms, regulating fiscal relations, their applications and their results. This paper analyses the problems of regulation of regional capital expenditures in Russia. Regional budgets’ capital expenditures are meant to ensure the renewal of the material basis of the economy and are one of the important factors of economic growth. An increase in the share of the investments in fixed assets is a condition for an overall increase in the efficiency of budget expenditures in terms of their multiplicative impact on the economy of the relevant territory. Meanwhile, in 2015–2019, the share of capital expenditures in the country’s regional budgets has decreased from more than 14% in 2015 to about 12% in 2018–2019; their share in the country's GDP has also decreased. The alarming downward trend in the share of capital expenditures in the total public subnational expenditures deserves close attention. The spatial distribution of regional budget investments is also uneven, dominated by a relatively small number of regions. Trying to explain the low investment activity of regional budgets, we have to state that the reason is not so much the lack of resources or low revenues. In the vast majority of cases, Russian regions neglect the possibilities of attracting debt financing, which is justified precisely for the purpose of financing budget investments. The revisal of regulatory norms, first of all the separation of the current and capital budgets, and therefore the differentiation of the current deficit and capital deficit along with the possibility of financing capital expenditures in whole or in part through borrowing, would allow to plan capital investments and borrowings in a coherent way, allowing to make maximum use of available financing opportunities to expand budgetary investments.
Pelatihan Pembukuan Keuangan untuk Pengelola Lembaga PAUD
Authors: Anisa Nur , Furqorina Rizka , Gonadi Leni , Wulandari Retno Tri
Published: July 2022

PAUD managers in Batu City are still experiencing difficulties in administering financial bookkeeping. This has an impact on the management of PAUD institutions to administer financial books and produce financial reports that do not meet the education financing standards. This training aims to increase the knowledge and skills of PAUD managers in Batu City regarding the process of carrying out financial bookkeeping for early childhood education institutions. The methods used in the training included lectures, questions and answers to deliver basic concept material in the books of PAUD institutions; and 2) Practice and assistance in filling out administrative books needed in financial accounting. As a result of this community service activity, 80 percentage of PAUD managers understand the material and can manage the financial accounting of early childhood education institutions. Pengelola lembaga PAUD di Kota Batu masih mengalami kesulitan dalam melakukan administrasi pembukuan keuangan. Hal tersebut berdampak pada pengelolaan lembaga PAUD untuk melakukan administrasi pembukuan keuangan dan menghasilkan laporan keuangan yang tidak memenuhi Standar Pembiayaan Pendidikan. Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatnya wawasan dan keterampilan pengelola PAUD di Kota Batu tentang proses melaksanakan pembukuan keuangan lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelatihan meliputi: 1) ceramah dan tanya jawab untuk menyampaikan materi konsep dasar pembukuan lembaga PAUD; dan 2) Praktik dan pendampingan pengisian buku administrasi yang diperlukan dalam pembukuan keuangan. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini yaitu 80 persen pengelola PAUD memahami tentang materi dan dapat mengelola pembukuan keuangan lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini.
Interaction of the Anticancer Drug Abiraterone with dsDNA
Authors: Pronina V.V. , Agafonova L.E. , Masamrekh R.A. , Kuzikov A.V. , Shumyantseva V.V.
Published: July 2022

The electroanalytical characteristics of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and the complex of dsDNA and the antitumor drug abiraterone acetate (AA) were studied by differential pulse voltammetry. The effect of abiraterone acetate on dsDNA was shown, which was registered by alteration the intensity of electrochemical oxidation of purine heterocyclic bases guanine and adenine using screen printed electrodes modified with functionalized carbon nanotubes. The binding constants (Kb) of the [dsDNA-AA] complex for guanine and adenine were 1.63×104 M-1 and 1.93×104 M-1, respectively. The electrochemical coefficients of the toxic effect were calculated as the ratio of the intensity of the electrochemical oxidation signals of guanine and adenine, in the presence of abiraterone acetate to the intensity of the electrooxidation signals of these nucleobases  without drug (%). At concentrations of abiraterone acetate exceeding 60 μM, a decrease in the currents of electrochemical oxidation of guanine and adenine by 50% or more is recorded. Based on the analysis of electrochemical parameters and values ​​of binding constants, an assumption was made about the mechanism of interaction of abiraterone acetate with DNA, mainly due to the formation of hydrogen bonds with the minor groove. An electrochemical DNA biosensor was first used to study the mechanism of interaction of the anticancer drug abiraterone acetate with dsDNA.
Flotation Agents Impact on the Carbon Capture from Ash of Coal-steam Plants
Authors: Delitsyn L.M. , Ryabov Yu.V. , Kulumbegov R.V. , Lavrinenko A.A. , Sulman M.G.
Published: July 2022

Nature and consumption of foam-blowing agents and different collectors effects on carbon capture from ash were studied. The dependance of the foam-blowing agents consumption and the of flotation efficiency index was traced. The SAS-2 modifying agent impact on chemicals consumption was demonstrated. It was found that the floatability of a number of collectors among investigated petroleum products, in the case of preliminary application of the SAS-2 modifying agent, is determined by its molecular composition and declined as follows: kerosene>(mixture: vacuum gas oil + kerosene)> motor alkylate> heavy polymer-distillate. It was demonstrated that the use of required modifying agent at feeding before collector application improves the flotation efficiency and reduces the collector consumption.
Dynamics of Channel Processes of the Amur River and Migration of Heavy Metals During Flooding
Authors: Makhinov A.N. , Makhinova A.F. , Kim V.I.
Published: July 2022

Amur pollution is considered as a function of the content of soluble and suspended forms of chemical compounds in river water. It was revealed that low-mobile chemical elements (Fe, Al, Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb) migrate both in the composition of large organic colloids (0.45–1.0 μm) and in the composition of soluble complex salts. Their concentrations in the river bed are controlled by industrial, urban and agricultural wastewater. The processes of redistribution of elements between their colloidal and soluble forms are determined by the activity of channel processes, the composition of bog waters, and flow turbulence. High floods 2019–2021 in the absence of man-made accidents, they contributed to a gradual decrease in the concentration of pollutants and stabilization of water quality in the Amur.
A meta-analysis of the association of ApaI, BsmI, FokI, and TaqI polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene with the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in the Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office population
Authors: Shahmoradi Arvin , Aghaei Abbas , Ghaderi Kimya , Jafar Rezaei Mohammad , Azarnezhad Asaad
Published: July 2022

Background: The results of case-control studies on the association between vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphisms and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are inconclusive.
Objective: We aimed to more precisely evaluate the correlation between the ApaI, BsmI, FokI, and TaqI VDR gene polymorphisms and PCOS susceptibility.
Materials and Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Science Citation Index, and Google Scholar databases were searched to retrieve related reports released up to the end of 2020. To evaluate the association strength of the VDR gene polymorphisms with PCOS risk, pooled odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval were determined.
Results: In total, 1,119 subjects (560 PCOS cases and 559 controls) from 7 studies were included which met the inclusion criteria. A statistically significant association between the TaqI polymorphism and PCOS susceptibility was found in the Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office population (T vs. t: OR = 0.715; TT vs. tt: OR = 0.435, p < 0.001; TT vs. Tt+tt: OR = 0.696, p = 0.01; tt vs. TT+Tt: OR = 1.791, p < 0.001). It was found that the ApaI variant was a risk factor in the dominant inheritance model (AA vs. Aa+aa: OR = 1.466, p = 0.01) and the FokI polymorphism was a protective factor in the recessive inheritance model (ff vs. FF+Ff: OR = 0.669, p = 0.04). The VDR BsmI polymorphism did not show association with PCOS susceptibility.
Conclusion: Our meta-analysis revealed that the VDR ApaI in the dominant model, VDR FokI in the recessive model, and VDR TaqI polymorphisms in all genetic models is associated with vulnerability to PCOS. However, further studies with a larger sample size are required.
Key words: Meta-analysis, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Polymorphisms, Vitamin D receptor.
Evaluation of pregnancy outcomes using medroxyprogesterone acetate versus gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist in ovarian stimulation: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Singh Ekika , Blockeel Christophe , Singh Madhulika , Gupta Rishi , Kamdi Sandesh
Published: July 2022

Background: Limited studies have compared pregnancy outcomes with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) vs. gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH antagonist) in ovarian stimulation protocols. The results show heterogeneity.
Objective: This study aims to assess pregnancy outcomes with the use of MPA instead of GnRH antagonist for ovarian stimulation in donor-recipient cycles.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out from June 2016 to May 2019. The study included 250 donors receiving ovarian stimulation with 2 different protocols: group 1 (n = 109) receiving GnRH antagonist (0.25 mg/day) from the 5th or 6th day of menses and group 2 (n = 141) receiving MPA (10 mg/day) from the second day of menses. In 384 recipients, 2 good-quality blastocysts were transferred after endometrial preparation. The primary endpoint was live birth in recipients.
Results: The results showed that live birth was comparable in both recipient groups (59% vs. 60%, OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.13-2.99, p = 0.559). The number of live-born fetuses (adjusted OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.31-1.05, p > 0.01) showed no significant difference in both groups. However, the implantation rate with twin sacs was significantly lower in group 2 (adjusted OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.33-0.99, p = 0.05). The regression analysis for goodquality blastocyst proportion was comparable (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: -4.33-5.60, p = 0.802) in both donor groups. The mean stimulation cost in group 2 was less than in group 1.
Conclusion: MPA had a comparable live birth and embryological outcomes in both groups. Oral administration makes it convenient, acceptable, and patient-friendly. Its cost-effectiveness and convenience open new possibilities in ovarian stimulation protocols.
Key words: Oocyte donation, Medroxyprogesterone acetate, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist, Pregnancy outcomes.
Does Embryonic Culture Environment Affect Ploidy Rates in ART Cycles: A Single Center Study in UK
Authors: Rabi Odia , Xavier Vinals-Gonzalez , Carleen Health , Wael Saab , Ozkan Ozturk , Srividya Seshadri , Paul Serhal
Published: July 2022

Background: The purpose of the current study was to assess whether embryonic culture conditions has an impact on embryo ploidy in a preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) cycle.
Methods: In this retrospective single center cohort study, a total of 1099 blastocysts from 278 PGT-A cycles were analyzed. The generated blastocysts were biopsied on days 5 and 6. Inseminated oocytes were allocated in different incubators (benchtop and time lapse) and assisted zona hatching was performed on day 3 of embryo development to facilitate the biopsy process which was performed on days 5 and 6 (blastocyst stage).
Results: The average age across the groups was 38.7±3.6 years and the total number of mature eggs was 2912 which were randomly distributed across both incubators. The euploidy rate obtained from both groups showed a higher proportion of euploid embryos in the TLM incubator (37.03%, 95% CI 31.9-42.1) compared to those cultured in the BT incubator (30.4%, 95% CI 23.1-37.7). Regression analysis showed that female age remains to be the key variable driving euploidy rates (0.85, 95% CI 0.82-0.88) although incubator type could be an important covariable (0.54, 95% CI 0.45-0.59). A subgroup analysis of 74 single euploid embryo transfers showed comparable pregnancy and live birth rates.
Conclusion: This large cohort study demonstrates that uninterrupted controlled culture environment provides increased probability to develop euploid embryo in a PGT-A cycle. However, further evaluation is required to assess how environmental culture conditions at a cellular level could affect epigenetic mechanisms in embryo development and higher aneuploidy rate.
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor as a Non-invasive Biomarker for Detection of Endometriosis
Authors: Dwiningsih Sri Ratna , Meilani Christina , Hadi Samsul
Published: July 2022

Background: Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent chronic progressive gynecological dis-ease that affects around 10% of women of reproductive age. A recent study shows that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has the potential as a clinical marker in the diagnosis of endometriosis. We aimed to determine whether BDNF levels are correlated with pain scores associated with endometriosis.
Methods: Fifty women who underwent laparoscopy surgery at Dr. Soetomo General Hos-pital and Dr. Ramelan Navy Hospital were prospectively recruited from October 2017 until August 2018. A blood sample was obtained before surgery and BDNF was measured using the Human BDNF Quantakine®️ kit. The relationship of BDNF levels in serum with the diseases's level of pain and stages was compared between cases and controls. BDNF validity as an endometriosis diagnosis biomarker was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.
Results: Serum concentrations of BDNF were significantly greater in women with endo-metriosis (30.42±7.41 pg/ml), compared to controls (25.66±3.30 pg/ml). Serum concentra-tions of BDNF were moderately correlated with the patient’s reported pain scores (r=0.44, p=0.01). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis confirmed the potential of BDNF in the diagnosis of endometriosis. Using a cut-off value of 27.06 pg/ml, the sensitivity and specificity were reported to be 66.7% and 64.3%, respectively.
Conclusion: BDNF serum levels in endometriosis women are significantly higher than in women without the disorder. BDNF serum level seems to have low accuracy and predictive value as a diagnostic marker for endometriosis. However, there was a moderate relationship between BDNF serum level and the degree of pain.