bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Markers of inflammation predicts long-term mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome – a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Odeberg Jacob , Halling Anders , Ringborn Michael , Freitag Michael , Persson Marie Louise , Vaara Ivar , Råstam Lennart , Odeberg Håkan , Lindblad Ulf
Published: October 2024

Background:
A chronic low-grade inflammation is a well-known risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) and future cardiovascular events, and anti-inflammatory therapy can reduce the risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease (CVD) events following a myocardial infarction. It is not known to what extent inflammation at time of an acute event is predictive of long-term events. We explored the hypothesis that routine blood measurements of markers of inflammation in an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are predictive of future long-term mortality.
Methods:
In a cohort of 5292 consecutive patients admitted to a coronary intensive care unit with suspected ACS over a four-year period in the Carlscrona Heart Attack Prognosis Study (CHAPS), 908 patients aged 30-74 years (644 men, 264 women) had at discharge received the diagnosis of either myocardial infarction (MI) (527) or unstable angina (UA) (381). In this group we performed a longitudinal 10-year follow-up study based on information from the Swedish national registries, using total mortality and cardiac disease mortality as primary outcome measures.
Results:
Long term total mortality and cardiac mortality was significantly associated with higher leucocyte counts (e.g. neutrophiles, monocytes, eosinophiles) and higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers (e.g. C-reactive protein, Serum Amyloid A (SAA), fibrinogen, neutrophile-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR)), measured at time of hospital admission for ACS. These findings were independent of the ACS diagnosis.
Conclusion:
Our results suggests that degree of inflammation at time of ACS presentation, beyond its established role as major risk factor for development of CHD, has further role in long-term mortality following an ACS. Interestingly, our results suggest that the inflammation at time of the event is a stronger predictor of long term mortality than the outcome of the acute event.
Complete genome sequence of Pseudomonas sp. HT11 isolated from broad bean (Vicia faba L.)
Authors: zhang hui , ma Lianjie , liao Dunxiu , tang rongli , hang Xiaoning , lu wencai
Published: October 2024

Bacterial strain HT11 was isolated from broad bean (Vicia faba L.) and found to have strong antifungal activity against the fungus Botrytis fabiopsis (which causes red spot of broad bean). To better understand the secondary metabolites of the HT11 strain, its complete genome was sequenced and analyzed. It contained a single circular chromosome, with a length of 6,335,588 bp. The 16S rRNA gene comparison and the average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis confirmed that the HT11 strain is a new Pseudomonas strain. The complete genome encoded 5,366 predicted open reading frames (ORFs), 66 tRNA genes, and 16 rRNA genes. The total length of the annotated genes accounted for 82.93% (5,254,103/6,335,588 bp) of the complete genome. The predicted functional ORFs were grouped into 24 Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COG) categories. Fourteen gene clusters were detected in the genome, which were involved in the synthesis of pyochelin, pyocyanin, viscosin, and tolaasin I/tolaasin F. There were also three gene clusters involved in the synthesis of unknown metabolites. These results lay the foundation for further research on the interactions between Pseudomonas sp. HT11 and the pathogenic fungus Botrytis fabiopsis.
Steel Surface Defect Detection Based on YOLO and Multi-Source Heterogeneous Datasets
Authors: Wang Xue , Feng Suhuan , He Feng
Published: October 2024

The surface quality of steel directly impacts product performance, necessitating efficient defect detection techniques. However, existing methods often lack sufficient generalisation capability, struggle with detecting fuzzy small defects, and are computationally intensive. To address these issues, this study proposes an optimisation method for the YOLOv7 model. The approach involves the unif ied processing of multi-source datasets, the integration of the Swin Transformer module, the application of the ACmix attention mechanism to enhance small defect detection, and the use of GSConv convolution to reduce model complexity. Experimental results demonstrate that the optimised YOLOv7 model achieves a 5.9% increase in average accuracy, with detection accuracy for Ss and Cr defects improving by 13.9% and 16.3%, respectively. These enhancements significantly boost the model’s generalisation ability and detection accuracy, offering a more reliable solution for steel surface defect detection.
A fusion protein of polyphosphate kinase 1 (PPK1) and a Nudix hydrolase is involved in inorganic polyphosphate accumulation in the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae
Authors: Yagisawa Fumi , Fujiwara Takayuki , Yamashita Shota , Hirooka Shunsuke , Tamashiro Kei , Izumi Jin , Kanesaki Yu , Onuma Ryo , Misumi Osami , Nakamura Soichi , Yoshikawa Hirofumi , Kuroiwa Haruko , Kuroiwa Tsuneyoshi , Miyagishima Shin-ya
Published: October 2024

Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a linear polymer of phosphate that plays various roles in cells, including in phosphate and metal homeostasis. Homologs of the vacuolar transporter chaperon 4 (VTC4), catalyzing polyP synthesis in many eukaryotes, are absent in red algae, which are among the earliest divergent plant lineages. We identified homologs of polyphosphate kinase 1 (PPK1), a conserved polyP synthase in bacteria, in 42 eukaryotic genomes, including 31 species detected in this study and 12 species of red algae. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that most eukaryotic PPK1 homologs originated from horizontal gene transfer from a prokaryote to a plant before the divergence of red algae and Viridiplantae. In red algae, the homologs were fused to a nucleoside diphosphate-linked moiety X (Nudix) hydrolase of the diphosphoinositol polyphosphate phosphohydrolase (DIPP) family. We characterized the fusion protein CmPPK1 in the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae, which has been used in studies on basic features of eukaryotes. In the knockout strain ∆CmPPK1, polyP was undetectable, suggesting a primary role for CmPPK1 in polyP synthesis. In addition, ∆CmPPK1 showed altered metal balance. Mutations in the catalytically important residues of the Nudix hydrolase domain (NHD) either increased or decreased polyP contents. Both high and low polyP NHD mutants were susceptible to phosphate deprivation, indicating that adequate NHD function is necessary for normal phosphate starvation responses. The results reveal the unique features of PPK1 in red algae and promote further investigation of polyP metabolism and functions in red algae and eukaryotic evolution.
Detection of Crossed Cerebellar Diaschisis in Intractable Epilepsy Using Integrated 18 F-FDG PET/MR Imaging
Authors: Hou Yaqin , Hu Jie , Wang Jingjuan , Yao Chenyang , Wang Zhenming , Lu Jie
Published: October 2024

Purpose
Crossed cerebellar diaschisis involves reduced metabolism and blood flow in the cerebellar hemisphere contralateral to a supratentorial lesion. ASL is a valuable tool for quantifying regional cerebral blood flow. This study assesses ASL-MRI’s ability to detect CCD in epilepsy using integrated 18F-FDG PET/MRI and compares ASL with PET images in evaluating CCD.
Methods
74 patients with drug-refractory epilepsy who underwent integrated 18F-FDG PET/MRI pre-surgery and CT/MRI post-surgery was analysed. Regions of interest were outlined on MRI images and simultaneously transferred to PET and ASL images. CCD detection was evaluated visually and semi-quantitatively using the absolute asymmetry index (AIabs).
Results
Out of 74 patients, PET detected CCD in 24 (32.43%) and ASL in 18 (24.32%), with no significant difference between them (P=0.274). Four CCD types were identified: both PET and ASL positive (16.22%), PET positive and ASL negative (16.22%), ASL positive and PET negative (8.10%), and both negative (59.46%). AIabs correlation was positive between PET and ASL in the epileptic zone (r=0.658, P<0.001) and cerebellum (r=0.407, P<0.001). In ASL CCD-positive cases, AIabs showed a negative correlation between the epileptic zone and cerebellum (r=-0.581, P=0.011), while in both PET and ASL CCD-positive cases, AIabs correlation was positive (r=0.670, P=0.017).
Conclusion
ASL is a viable method for assessing CCD in epilepsy patients. In CCD-positive cases, a notable discrepancy was observed: no correlation in PET images but a correlation in ASL images between the supratentorial epileptic zone and contralateral cerebellar hemisphere, indicating CCD might be linked to regional cerebral blood flow changes.
“Do traditional customs brought support or obstacles during the first postpartum year?” : A qualitative investigation on perceived barriers of primiparas in the context of Chinese culture.
Authors: Nan Yiping , Yang Lei , Nisar Anum , Zhang Jingjun , Li Xiaomei , Liu Fang , Gao Yan , Zhang Miao , Zhang Yongai
Published: October 2024

Background
Primiparas experience a series of physiological and emotional changes during the postpartum period. However, most studies have focused only on universal depressive symptoms and have neglected to interpret the possible mental health risk factors that primiparas may face in the context of specific cultures. This study sought to explore the experiences of Chinese primiparas, with the key point of understanding their barriers and correlated distress under the influence of cultural factors in the first postpartum year.
Methods
A descriptive phenomenological study design was used in this study. Unstructured interviews were conducted with 25 primiparas within one year of delivery during July and September 2022. Each conversation lasted between 32–56 min. Colaizzi’s seven-step phenomenological approach was utilized for data analysis.
Results
Six themes were identified, including (a) body weakness, pain and sleep deprivation are extremely common during the first confinement postpartum period; (b) struggling with much effort, sacrifice and obstacles to breastfeeding; (c) helplessness in childcare with insufficient or unreliable social support; (d) confusing difficult access to scientific maternal and child health knowledge; (e) frustrating increasing family conflicts centering on mother and mother-in-law relations; and (f) sticking to work or not bringing much entanglement to primiparas.
Conclusion
The results of this descriptive phenomenological study suggest that Chinese primiparas experienced a series of difficulties and distresses in the first postpartum year. Understanding the perceptions of specific problems with the combination of Chinese traditions, particularly in the first-month confinement in this context, is important for extending more practical and efficient interventions.
Optical sensitivities of current gravitational wave observatories at higher kHz, MHz and GHz frequencies
Authors: Schnabel Roman , Korobko Mikhail
Published: October 2024

GEO 600, Kagra, LIGO, and Virgo were built to observe gravitational waves at frequencies in the audio band, where the highest event rates combined with the largest signal to noise ratios had been predicted. Currently, hypothetical sources of cosmological origin that could have produced signals at higher frequencies are under discussion. What is not widely known is that current interferometric GW observatories have a frequency comb of high optical sensitivity that encompasses these high frequencies. Here we calculate the high-frequency noise spectral densities of operating GW observatories under the justified assumption that photon shot noise is the dominant noise source. We explain the underlying physics of why high sensitivity is achieved for all integer multiples of the free spectral ranges of the observatory’s resonators when an interferometer arm is not orientated perpendicular to the propagation direction of the GW. Proposals for new concepts of high-frequency GW detectors must be compared with the high-frequency sensitivities presented here.
An Ultra-Robust Ultra-Broadband Modified Moiré Varifocal MetaLens for Terahertz Wave
Authors: Zhu Li-Guo , Sun Changlin , Zeng Zhiqiang , Wang Weijun , Du Liang-Hui , Chen Xiaoyin , Leng Jin , Li Jiang , Wen Zhongquan , Qi Pengfei , Liu Weiwei
Published: October 2024

Terahertz (THz) waves, known for their fingerprint spectroscopy, penetration capabilities, and biological safety, present significant potential for sensing and imaging applications. However, the lack of high-performance THz devices significantly limits the broader adoption of THz technology. A critical component for advancing THz systems is the development of lenses with broadband varifocal capabilities, which are vital for fully leveraging the broad spectral range of THz waves. Moiré varifocal metalenses (MML), which enable zooming through the relative rotation of two identical metasurfaces, have emerged as a potential solution, offering an extensive varifocal range, and an invariant optical path length. Despite these advantages, traditional MML face limitations such as an inability to achieve continuous focal adjustment, poor resilience to interference, and a narrow operating bandwidth, which present a major obstacle to their practical use. To address these limitations, we have designed a modified MML featuring a novel phase distribution that significantly improves the performance of the metalens. In a groundbreaking experiment, we demonstrated the superior performance of this MML in the THz band, using a terahertz free-electron laser (THz-FEL) with excellent beam quality and tunable bandwidth. The modified MML exhibited exceptional robustness, including continuous focal length tunability, spatial robustness against lens displacement, and an ultra-broadband range covering approximately 40% of the central wavelength. Additionally, this multifunctional THz imaging metalens offers capabilities such as broadband focusing, wide-range zooming, and fixed focal length. Our results demonstrate that the modified MML provides outstanding stability, a lightweight structure, ease of adjustment, and simple fabrication, marking a significant advancement in the development of practical, multifunctional THz optical devices. With its broad potential for applications in integrated THz systems and imaging, this lens paves the way for more versatile and higher-performance THz technologies. Furthermore, its universal design extends beyond the THz range, offering a promising approach for varifocal lens design across the entire electromagnetic spectrum.
Cryo-EM structure of a natural prion: chronic wasting disease fibrils from deer
Authors: Alam Parvez , Hoyt Forrest , Artikis Efrosini , Soukup Jakub , Hughson Andrew G. , Schwartz Cindi L. , Barbian Kent , Miller Michael W. , Race Brent , Caughey Byron
Published: October 2024

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a widely distributed prion disease of cervids with implications for wildlife conservation and also for human and livestock health. The structures of infectious prions that cause CWD and other natural prion diseases of mammalian hosts have been poorly understood. Here we report a 2.8 Å resolution cryogenic electron microscopy-based structure of CWD prion fibrils from the brain of a naturally infected white-tailed deer expressing the most common wildtype PrP sequence. Like recently solved rodent-adapted scrapie prion fibrils, our atomic model of CWD fibrils contains single stacks of PrP molecules forming parallel in-register intermolecular β-sheets and intervening loops comprising major N- and C-terminal lobes within the fibril cross-section. However, CWD fibrils from a natural cervid host differ markedly from the rodent structures in many other features, including a ~ 180° twist in the relative orientation of the lobes. This CWD structure suggests mechanisms underlying the apparent CWD transmission barrier to humans and should facilitate more rational approaches to the development of CWD vaccines and therapeutics.
Deep Genome Sequencing Uncovers Extensive Genetic Heterogeneity in Early Human Placentas
Authors: Miceikaite Ieva , Fagerberg Christina , Brasch-Andersen Charlotte , Torring Pernille , Kristiansen Britta Schlott , Hao Qin , Sperling Lene , Larsen Martin
Published: October 2024

Placental biopsy in early pregnancy is widely used in prenatal genetic diagnostics as a surrogate for fetal tissue. Confined placental chromosomal mosaicism is a well-documented phenomenon causing genetic discrepancies between the fetus and placenta. Although comprehensive sequencing methods are becoming popular for prenatal screening of monogenic disorders, knowledge of concordance between the fetus and early placenta at the sequence level remains limited. By deep genome sequencing, we mapped the mutational landscape across multiple sites and stages of placental development. We revealed profound mutations, with distinct clusters of postzygotic non-fetal small sequence variants, indicating extensive clonal evolution in all early placenta samples, including first-trimester CVS. Our study illuminates spatial and temporal genetic heterogeneity of the developing placenta. These findings underscore the need for awareness and caution when using placental biopsies as fetal proxy for diagnostics and emphasize the importance of confirmatory testing using amniotic fluid when placenta mosaicism is suspected.
CYR61 promotes metastasis of prostate cancer cells through the p-AKT and AR signaling pathways
Authors: Ortiz-Hernández Greisha L , Patrick Carmina , Hinz Stefan , LaBarge Mark A. , Li Yun R. , Neuhausen Susan L.
Published: October 2024

Background
Previous studies have shown that the cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61) contributes to prostate cancer (PCa) cell growth and survival, but its role in PCa progression is unknown. As CYR61 contains an insulin-like growth factor-binding protein domain, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) signaling is associated with PCa progression and metastases, we evaluated their molecular interplay.
Methods
We performed siRNA knockdown of PCa cell lines including prostate carcinoma 3 (PC3) and lymph node carcinoma of the prostate (LNCaP) to investigate the role of CYR61 in PCa progression. Cells were evaluated for viability, proliferation, clonogenicity, aggregation, wound healing, and transwell migration. To examine the underlying mechanisms associated with CYR61 signaling, we assessed the activation of the PI3/AKT and MAPK pathways. Monolayer cultures treated with recombinant IGF1 at different time points were analyzed for CYR61 expression by in-cell western assays.
Results
Knockdown of CYR61 using siRNA significantly reduced cell proliferation, viability, prostasphere and colony formation, metabolic activity, and migration of PC3 and LNCaP cells, when compared with cells receiving scrambled control siRNA. In PC3 and LNCaP cells, CYR61 silencing inhibited the activation of the PI3/AKT pathway but did not impact the activity of MAPK pathways. In LNCaP cells, CYR61 silencing decreased levels of the androgen receptor (AR) splice variant AR-V7. We also found that recombinant IGF1 induced protein expression of CYR61 in a time-dependent manner in PC3 and LNCaP cells.
Conclusion
CYR61 expression was induced by recombinant IGF1, and knockdown of CYR61 decreased the capacity of metastatic PCa cells to proliferate. These results underscore the therapeutic potential of CYR61 inhibition in reducing the proliferation and metastatic capabilities of PCa cells.
Depressive symptoms in older adults are associated with changes in stress-related markers, functional connectivity and brain volume
Authors: Touron Edelweiss , de Flores Robin , Coulbault Laurent , Palix Cassandre , Chocat Anne , Kuhn Elizabeth , Landeau Brigitte , Mézenge Florence , Roquet Daniel , Chauveau Léa , Haudry Sacha , Vivien Denis , Sayette Vincent de La , Marchant Natalie L. , Chételat Gaël , Poisnel Géraldine
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: Subclinical depressive symptoms increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The neurobiological mechanisms underlying this link may involve stress system dysfunction, notably related to the hippocampus which is particularly sensitive to AD. We aimed to investigate the links between blood stress markers and changes in brain regions involved in the stress response in older adults with or without subclinical depressive symptoms.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted using baseline data from the Age-Well trial. Cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults with (DepS; n=73) or without (NoDepS; n=58) subclinical depressive symptoms (defined using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale) were included in the analyses. Blood cortisol, epinephrine and norepinephrine were measured; as well as the resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) between, and gray matter (GM) volume of, the hypothalamus, hippocampus and hippocampal subfields. Blood stress markers levels and neuroimaging measures were compared between groups; then regression analyses were conducted between these measures.
RESULTS: DepS participants showed higher plasma epinephrine levels, which was associated with greater rs-FC between the CA1 and Subiculum hippocampal subfields and the hypothalamus. Lower GM volume in the CA1 and DG/CA2-3-4 subfields was also found in DepS. No between-group differences were observed for blood cortisol and norepinephrine.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that subclinical depressive symptoms are associated with increased sympatho-adrenomedullary axis activity, together with lower GM volume in a hippocampal subfield (i.e., CA1) particularly sensitive to AD. While causation cannot be inferred, these results suggest that screening and treating subclinical depressive symptoms in CU older adults could reduce AD risk.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02977819, Registration Date: 2016-11-25.
Impact of Geothermal Micro-seismic Events on the Serviceability and Comfort of Urban Structures
Authors: Kumawat Aditi , Taddei Francesca , Kao Wei-Teng , Müller Gerhard
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the impact of low-magnitude-geothermally-induced seismic events on residential buildings, focusing on vibrational behaviour and serviceability in urban environments. Traditional building vulnerability assess ments are resource-intensive, prompting the need for more efficient approaches. The research adopts a hybrid model combining finite element (FEM) and lumped parameter models (LPM) to analyze building responses to seismic activity. Using seismic data from events in Insheim, Germany, the study examines how floor size, stiffness, and damping affect building vibrations.
Findings show that the floor dimensions significantly affect vibration magnitudes, especially at eigen-frequencies.Additionally, increased stiffness amplifies vibrations for the considered building models, while higher damping reduces them. Most structures complied with serviceability standards, though a few exceeded comfort thresholds. The research also introduces taxonomic fragility functions that assess the likelihood of exceeding defined vibration limits, thereby providing an efficient tool for engineers to determine building resilience to micro-seismic events.
Developing Strategies to Mitigate Squash Injury from the Soil Residual Activity of Glyphosate in Bareground Systems
Authors: Randell-Singleton Taylor , Vance Jenna C. , Hand Lavesta C. , Wright-Smith Hannah E. , Culpepper A. Stanley
Published: October 2024

Fresh market vegetables are an essential component of the human diet. Maximizing yield is critical, and to achieve this goal, fields must be weed-free when vegetable crops are planted. Historically, removing emerged weeds just before planting has been accomplished using the herbicide glyphosate. However, recent research has indicated that glyphosate applied to sandy, low-organic-matter soils just before transplanting vegetables can be injurious. Two field experiments investigated 1) the response of transplanted squash to the residual activity of glyphosate, and 2) the effects of implementing tillage, irrigation, or extending the plant-back interval after application and before planting to mitigate injury from glyphosate. Glyphosate applied at 1.3, 2.5, or 3.8 kg ae/ha 1 day before transplanting injured squash 13%, 29%, and 53%, respectively; extending the interval between application and planting to 7 days reduced injury to 1%, 11%, and 28% at the same rates. An interaction between application rate and planting interval was also observed on squash plant widths and biomass, as well as early-season and total marketable fruit numbers and weights. Total marketable fruit number was reduced 29% and 52% by glyphosate at 2.5 or 3.8 kg ae/ha, respectively, and a reduction in fruit production of 36%, 28%, and 23% was observed when glyphosate was applied 1, 4, or 7 days before transplanting, respectively. In a separate study, light tillage (5 cm deep) was the most effective cultural practice evaluated because it eliminated damage by glyphosate. Overhead irrigation of 0.6 cm was not beneficial in mitigating injury by glyphosate. Recommendations from this research will help vegetable growers avoid injury from the residual activity of glyphosate through a FIFRA 2(ee) recommendation label.
Comparison of Grafting and Budding Propagation Techniques for Cultivars of the North American Pawpaw
Authors: Behrends Matthew , Pomper Kirk W. , Thapa Magar Srijana , Lowe Jeremiah , Crabtree Sheri
Published: October 2024

Pawpaw (Asimina triloba) is a fruit-bearing tree native to North America, and nurseries have a strong public demand for grafted trees. Most nurseries currently propagate pawpaw cultivars clonally through chip budding and whip-and-tongue grafting, both onto pawpaw seedling rootstock. Flexibility in successful grafting and budding techniques can optimize the type and quality of available scionwood while using the available labor. In an initial experiment, a range of pawpaw selections were subjected to grafting and budding techniques that indicated candidate cultivars and advanced selections for further examination. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the optimal method of propagating the pawpaw cultivars, KSU-Atwood™, KSU-Chappell™, and the advanced selection Hi7-1 using chip budding, whip and tongue, T-budding, and a cleft grafting tool. Additional trees, each of KSU-Atwood™ and KSU-Chappell™, were also subjected to green budding in the summer with the current season’s scionwood. Whip and tongue grafting was the most successful method, with a scion survival rate (SSR) of 95.8%, followed by the cleft grafting tool (SSR = 66.7%) and chip budding (SSR = 50.0%), then T-bud grafting (SSR = 25.0%), and lastly green bud grafting (SSR = 0.0%). There were no cultivar differences for the grafting techniques used. The whip-and-tongue method had the highest scion survival rate; however, cleft grafting and chip budding can be effective propagation methods for nurseries if scionwood quality does not support the whip-and-tongue grafting technique. In addition to whip-and-tongue grafting, the cleft grafting tool is a viable option for grafting pawpaw for use by personnel with less grafting experience or skill.
MENTAL HEALTH, ANXIETY AND COVID-19: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Prof. Jayita Roy Tapadar
Published: October 2024

MENTAL HEALTH, ANXIETY AND COVID-19: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY OF MK GANDHI: EXPLORING EQUITY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE
Authors: Tamanna Singh
Published: October 2024

This article investigates MK Gandhi’s philosophical odyssey, delineating the convergence of his ideologies with a focus on equity and social justice. It scrutinizes the transformative trajectory of Gandhi's beliefs, charting their evolution from his formative years in South Africa to his leadership during India's struggle for independence. The analysis encompasses Gandhi's commitment to nonviolent resistance as a means to foster equity and social justice, examining the amalgamation of these principles in his advocacy for societal change. Additionally, this article explores the contemporary relevance of Gandhi's philosophical evolution, illuminating its influence on current discourses surrounding equity and social justice. It examines Gandhi's steadfast commitment to equity and social justice, tracing the development of his principles and their application in his strategies of nonviolent resistance. This paper scrutinizes the pivotal role of Gandhi’s philosophical evolution in shaping movements for equality and social justice worldwide, elucidating the enduring relevance and impact of his teachings in contemporary societal frameworks. By dissecting Gandhi’s philosophical journey, this article aims to provide insights into the enduring impact of his principles on fostering a more just and equitable society.
RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AND PRACTICES OF NORTH EAST INDIA: A STUDY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BUDDHISM
Authors: Dr. Bikash Bhargab Sarma  , Shri Satyajit Kalita
Published: October 2024

The mountainous area of north-east India has borders with Bangladesh, China, Bhutan, and Myanmar. The Brahmaputra Valley in this area is connected to the Indian mainland through a tiny channel. In the plains and hills of India's North East reside several ethnic groups with various socio-cultural and religious identities. Tribal faiths such as Shaivism, Vaishnavism, Shaktism, Jainism, Buddhism, Tantrism, and more have all thrived here throughout history. As seen by the exquisitely painted Buddhist monasteries, stupas, and other tiny Buddhist structures, as well as the regional arts and crafts, rituals, festivals, and dances, Buddhism has played a distinctive role in the religious culture of north-east India. Buddhism is still actively practiced in a number of localities. The major goal of this research paper is to examine the religious practices and beliefs of north-eastern India, with special reference to Buddhism. The goal of the current study is to investigate the theoretical underpinnings of comprehending Buddhism from a religious perspective and analyse the theoretical foundation for the study of its religious beliefs and practices in North-East India.
ECONOMIC RESILIENCE OF G20 COUNTRIES DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE IMPACT OF RESILIENCE ON THEIR ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors: Reshmi Ganguly  , Anjana Singh
Published: October 2024

This paper is an effort to understand the aftermath of global health crisis that unleashed economic turbulence, the world over, due to COVID-19. A pandemic of such huge dimension and consequences not only caught everyone unaware but the epitome of science and medicine advancement also could not lessen the speedily advancing health hazards.  All countries had to put in Herculean efforts to overcome this crisis but India being the most populous had to face a humongous task. Initially the challenge was how one can resist the economic shock and later it was how fast one can overcome the crisis. This paper compares the performance of Indian economy with some prominent G20 countries with respect to unemployment rate, growth rates, foreign direct investment and economic inequality. We compare 2019, considered as normal year with 2020, the hardest hit year due to Covid 19. We have also tried to explore the resilience index of all G20 countries, by calculating both the resistance index and the recovery index of the crisis. Finally, we explore the impact of resilience index along with household consumption expenditure, capital formation and exports on the growth rate of real Gross domestic product of G20 countries. We adopt an econometric approach, using multiple linear regression for analysis. Based on our analysis, appropriate proposals have been formulated for future course of actions that will enhance the future economic prosperity of G20 countries.
GUIDING THROUGH THE TECHNOLOGICAL ERA: UNDERSTANDING AND ADDRESSING MODERN CHALLENGES IN CHILD PSYCHOLOGY
Authors: Pooja Suram  , Mohan Kumar Suram
Published: October 2024

Articles In an era marked by rapid technological advancements, children are navigating a complex landscape that significantly impacts their psychological development. This article delves into the multifaceted challenges faced by children in today's digital age and offers insights into addressing these issues from a psychological perspective. The pervasive presence of technology introduces novel challenges that affect children's cognitive, emotional, and social development. From excessive screen time and digital addiction to cyberbullying and online predators, children encounter various stressors that can detrimentally impact their well-being. Furthermore, the digital realm often blurs the boundaries between the virtual and real worlds, posing unique challenges for children in developing critical thinking skills and discerning between fact and fiction.  Understanding these challenges is crucial for devising effective solutions. This involves fostering digital literacy skills, promoting healthy screen-time habits, and cultivating resilience to cyber-related stressors. Additionally, fostering open communication channels between children, parents, and educators can facilitate constructive dialogue and support systems to address emerging issues. Moreover, recognizing the importance of holistic development, interventions should encompass not only technological aspects but also consider broader psychosocial factors. By fostering a supportive environment that nurtures emotional intelligence, empathy, and interpersonal skills, children can develop the resilience and coping mechanisms necessary to thrive in the digital age. This article synthesizes current research findings and practical insights to offer a comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced by children in today's technologically driven society. By integrating psychological perspectives with practical strategies, this research aims to empower stakeholders in promoting the well-being and healthy development of children in the digital era.
CLOSING THE DIVIDE: ADDRESSING OBSTACLES FOR WOMEN IN ADOPTING DIGITAL FINANCE SOLUTIONS
Authors: Akansha Chauhan  , Vijay Kumar Sharma
Published: October 2024

The focal point of this research paper is to identify the challenges/obstacles to widespread adoption of digital financial services (DFS) among women. Despite DFS’s significant potential to provide accessible, acceptable, and safe banking options to underprivileged sections through cutting-edge technology such as mobile-oriented solutions, digital platforms, its adoption poses considerable challenges. The key objective is to recognize these challenges. The author investigated 14 key challenges culled from the literature. Primary data was collected from the 400 women of Haryana using multistage purposive sampling. Haryana was chosen for the study because lower sex ratio was recorded 914 females 1000 according to family health survey 2019-2020. According to census 2011, female literacy ratio approximately 65.9% lower than the national average. When it comes to workforce participation, it was 19-20% which is below the national average according to periodic labour force survey (PLFS). In order to fulfil the objectives of the study, Exploratory factor analysis tool was used. Factor analysis extracted the 3 unique factors from 14 variables such as “User Understanding and experience”, “Technical and Infrastructure concerns”, “Data Safety and confidentiality issues”. The present research is one of the first few studies which is done through Primary survey data.
THEMATIC FUNDS – PROFITABLE INVESTMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR SMART INVESTORS IN STOCK MARKETS
Authors: Dr. Sonia Goel  , Prof. J. K. Singh  , Dr. Girish Garg  , Dr. S. L. Chakravorty
Published: October 2024

One of the main characteristics of the stock market is its dynamic nature and its consistent variation to factorize all future events affecting the economy and business entities within the country as well as outside the country. Volatility in the stock market is appreciated by aggressive investors who wish to earn high returns in comparison to the other traditional investment alternatives available in the financial market. As high return follows from high risk, one is always advised to exercise all kinds of caution before investing in stocks of the company. But the pace at which returns are generated, sometimes even during a short span, tempts one to forget all do's and don'ts and get carried away with the trend. It is during this euphoric state that one fails to distinguish between good and bad and starts treating all sectors as well as companies equally. However, it has been observed that despite the secular upward trend of a market index, thematic indices may exhibit movement in significantly different directions. The present study has been conducted to examine the movement of thematic indices in comparison to broader market indices and therefore cautions investors against painting all sectors with the same brush during any given period. It also offers a good opportunity for fund managers to allocate their funds to the sectors that are likely to outperform the overall market index and at the same time challenge their ability to forecast sector-wise growth of the entire economy. Keeping in view these facts in the background, this study has been conducted using various statistical tests such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene Statistic, ANOVA, and Multiple Comparison Post Hoc tests to arrive at a meaningful interpretation.
SECULARISM AND RELIGIOUS FREEDOM: EXPLORING THE DYNAMICS OF COEXISTENCE
Authors: Dundevvanavara Shivappa  , Dr. Swamy H
Published: October 2024

This research paper explores the intricate interplay between secularism and religious freedom, analysing their impact on societal coexistence. Beginning with a historical overview, the paper traces the evolution of secularism and the development of concepts related to religious freedom, providing a foundational understanding for the subsequent discussions. Various theoretical frameworks, including laïcité, multiculturalism, and secular humanism, are examined to gain insights into how different approaches to secular governance influence religious rights and freedoms. Case studies from countries such as France, the United States, and India are analysed to illustrate practical implications and challenges in achieving coexistence between secularism and religious freedom. The paper highlights the importance of understanding these dynamics for fostering mutual respect, tolerance, and inclusivity within pluralistic societies. The conclusion emphasizes the significance of this study in addressing societal dynamics, governance structures, and individual rights. It underscores the need for nuanced policy interventions and societal dialogues to navigate the complexities of secularism and religious freedom in contemporary contexts.
DEEP LEARNING APPROACHES FOR MULTI-CLASS DISEASE DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION IN RETINAL IMAGES
Authors: Dr. Mahesh Kaluti  , Aishwarya M Y  , Punya  R  , Sathvik C N  , Chandan K  R
Published: October 2024

Many techniques are designed to increase accuracy diagnoses of diseases in retinal images such as hypertensive retinopathy. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been employed in various techniques to segment blood vessels in retinal images. These techniques sometimes fail to effectively segment the blood vessels  of retina of eye and produce extra noise and we have with this drawback, we present a technique to detect blood vessels in retina of eye images using thousands of blocks (patches) from each of the image. This technique is on a CNN where it contains four convolutional layers followed by relu, max pooling four layers, two layers are fully connected and one layer is the softmax  for segmenting blood vessels.
FROM ALIENATION TO COMMUNITY: ARUN JOSHI'S THE FOREIGNER
Authors: Dr. Shashi Diwan
Published: October 2024

FROM ALIENATION TO COMMUNITY: ARUN JOSHI'S THE FOREIGNER
AN ANALYTICAL STUDY THE ROLE OF STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES IN THE CONSUMER BUYING PROCESS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: Rameshchandra P. Parmar  , Dr. V. P. Dhandhukia
Published: October 2024

The objective of this article is to analyze different types of decision making and use statistical models to predict consumer behavior in different situations and areas of application. We have examined and classified several case studies on consumer decision making and we have classified them thematically, as well as the underlying quantitative techniques to assess their relevance. We wanted to formulate a model based on real-time data and then the comparison data used in the model, analyze and interpret scientifically.
AWARENESS OF HUMAN RIGHTS AMONG STUDENTS OF HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL OF RAJASTHAN STATE.”
Authors: Dr. V. C. Yadav  , Sunita Chouhan
Published: October 2024

Human rights education seeks to provide individuals and learners with the skills necessary to effect social change, respond to the realities of society, and realize a sense of social justice for the underprivileged, marginalized, and weaker segments of society (NHRC 2007).
The researcher has studied the awareness of human rights among students at higher secondary school levels in the context of Rajasthan. A population sample of 400 individuals was selected from the Jaipur district in the state of Rajasthan. It was found that there is not much difference in the awareness of human rights among men and women, because due to the impact of women's empowerment and compliance with government policies, the level of knowledge was found to be good among women. In a 1974 resolution, the UN General Assembly urged all nations to uphold the Geneva Conventions and take the necessary precautions to safeguard women and children during hostilities.
MONTESSORI METHOD OF EDUCATION IS A BOON FOR NURSERY SCHOOL CHILDREN: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Dr. Ritu Chhetri
Published: October 2024

The Montessori approach encourages self-discipline, self-knowledge, independence academic skills, problem solving ability and an enthusiasm for learning. Montessori designed the materials and activities for sensory education to develop the children's ability to perceive distinction in color and in sound and the curriculum included the skills needed to manipulate various kinds of objects. " the Montessori education gave me a lot of confidence at a young age" (Stephen curry 2013). The sensory exercises were designed to cultivate three kinds of skills: discernment of color, sensitivity to smell and sound, and making compassions and contrast. "Student a who experience a Montessori classroom tend to be more able to manage themselves and think independently" (Stephen, 2017). Montessori believed that her ultimate win would be accomplished by allowing the children to manipulate their environment. Not only was it important to Montessori to teach children the practical life skills necessary to live in society, but also to integrate the family into the learning process. The Montessori method is based on the idea that children learn best when environment supports their natural desire to acquire skills and knowledge (2015). There is a great sense of community within the Montessori classroom, where children of differing ages work together in an atmosphere of co- operation rather than competitiveness. There is respect for the environment and for the individuals within it, which comes through experience of freedom within the community. "Dr Maria Montessori associated in Elizabeth Hainstock, (1986). Therefore the researcher undertook the study of Montessori Method as the boon for little heads who would be the balanced and contributing personnels for home, society, and nation.
आत्मनिरीक्षण एवं सशक्तिकरण: यम नियम के परिप्रेक्ष्य में
Authors: डॉ. मंजू शुक्ला
Published: October 2024

मनुष्य इस सृष्टि विकास के क्रम में सर्वोत्कृष्ट कृति है शारीरिक दृष्टि से भी एवं मानसिक दृष्टि से भी। शारीरिक संरचना की दृष्टि से जहां उसकी रीढ़ उर्ध्वमुखी हो सकी ताकि उसमें बहने वाली प्राणिक उर्जा (चेतना) भी उर्ध्वगामी हो सके।
वहीं मानसिक रूप से मनस या विचार करने की क्षमता एवं उसको क्रियान्वित करने की क्षमता का विकास हुआ। ओशो कहते हैं कि हम मनुष्य इसलिये ही बन सके क्योंकि हमारी रीढ़ आड़ी (－) न होकर खड़ी (। ) हो गई। सोचने और क्रियान्वित करने की क्षमता के कारण हमने विज्ञान और प्रौद्योगिकी के क्षेत्र में बहुत विकास किया जिसका उद्देश्य मानव जीवन को सरल और आंनददायक बनाने के साथ-साथ ब्रम्हांडीय घटनाओं को समझना है वर्तमान परिप्रेक्ष्य में हम सुविधा सम्पन्न तो हुये पर शांति और स्थिरता कहीं दिखाई नही देती। क्योंकि मानवीय अस्तित्व, उसके चेतना विकास एवं नैतिक विकास के लिये आवश्यक प्रयास नही किये गये। हमारी भारतीय संस्कृति विशेषकर योग संस्कृति मानवीय व्यवहार, स्वस्थ एवं सुखी जीवन के लक्ष्य के साथ साथ मानव चेतना के विकास का अद्भूत मार्ग भी प्रदान करती है। यदि हम विज्ञान, प्रौद्योगिकी और चेतना विकास पर एक साथ ध्यान केंद्रित करें तो हम निश्चित रूप से एक सुखी और समृद्ध जीवन प्राप्त कर सकते हैं।
EXPLORATION OF FEMININE IDENTITY THROUGH THE POEMS OF V. M. GIRIJA
Authors: Dr. Rekha A G
Published: October 2024

VM Girija is a significant figure in contemporary Indian poetry, also renowned for exploring themes of femininity and identity. Her poems often delve into the complexities of being a woman in Indian society, addressing issues such as gender roles, societal expectations, and the search for self-expression. Through her evocative verses, Girija offers readers a glimpse into the multifaceted experiences of women, inviting reflection and empathy. Her work serves as a poignant reminder of the power of poetry to illuminate the human condition and advocate for social change. History, culture and religion are all poems expressed in a new light' kalveedu and Soorpanakha' are the poems which have been carried out through this thesis.
FDI IN INDIA: AN ANALYSIS OF LEGAL FRAMEWORKS AND INVESTOR PROTECTIONS
Authors: Pooja Thakkar
Published: October 2024

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in India, focusing on the multifaceted legal frameworks and investor protection mechanisms that characterize the Indian investment landscape. As one of the world's fastest-growing economies, India presents significant opportunities for foreign investors seeking to tap into its vast market potential. However, the journey is not without challenges, including regulatory complexities, infrastructural inadequacies, and cultural differences that can impede investment processes. This study delves into various government initiatives aimed at fostering a conducive environment for FDI, including reforms that simplify regulations and promote transparency. Additionally, it examines the mechanisms in place to protect investors, such as the role of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) and the establishment of grievance redressal systems. The findings underscore the importance of understanding both the opportunities and challenges inherent in the FDI landscape, offering valuable insights for potential investors and policymakers striving to enhance the investment climate in India.