bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las competencias educativas de las entidades locales
Authors: Miguez Macho Luis
Published: April 2024

Objetivos: el objetivo de este trabajo es llevar a cabo una recapitulación sobre el alcance actual de las competencias educativas de las entidades locales en España. Metodología: la metodología utilizada es la propia de las ciencias jurídicas (análisis normativo, jurisprudencial y doctrinal). Resultados: se comienza con una exposición de la evolución histórica de las competencias educativas de las entidades locales. A continuación, se analizan las tres materias relacionadas con la educación en las que, de acuerdo con la redacción actual de la Ley Reguladora de las Bases del Régimen Local, la legislación sectorial les debería atribuir a los municipios competencias propias, así como las posibilidades de delegación competencial en este ámbito. En la siguiente parte del trabajo se abordan otras competencias educativas que ejercen las entidades locales, tanto las que les atribuye la propia legislación del sector como la prestación de servicios complementarios a los educativos. Finalmente, se trata de la cuestión de los centros docentes de titularidad de las entidades locales. Conclusiones: la principal conclusión del trabajo es que reforma de 2013 no ha atenuado la desconexión que ya se producía entre la legislación de régimen local y la legislación educativa, de tal manera que el art. 25.2.n) de la Ley Reguladora de las Bases del Régimen Local sigue sin ofrecer una idea clara de las competencias que realmente ejercen las entidades locales en materia educativa.
Inappropriate use of the Pediatric Emergency Room
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Carolina , Pereira Rafaela , Silva Thanile , Freitas Isabella , Graciolli Beatriz , Martin Joelma , Fioretto José
Published: April 2024

Objective: To identify the reasons for seeking the Pediatric Emergency Room (PER) of a city in the state of São Paulo and define the profile of users who seek the service. Metodology: Observational prospective study conducted from February to August 2021, through structured interviews with guardians of children taken to the PSP with a form developed for the research containing sociodemographic and clinical information, in addition to the emergency classification at the time of triage. Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or absolute frequency and percentage. Results: A total of 252 caregivers were interviewed, with the majority being mothers (76.2%) or fathers (15.9%), with a mean age of 32 years (SD=±8.7). High or moderate level of concern about the childs health status was answered by 91.6% of caregivers, although most cases were classified at screening as minor or not urgent (77.3%). Conclusion: The level of concern of the caregiver and the belief that PER provides more effective care motivated the non-urgent search for this service. The data reflect the need for health education to raise awareness of the flow of care in the Unified Health System, identifying primary health care as the gateway to the system and the PER as a place intended for urgent and emergency care. Ultimately, it is intended to contribute to the provision of care in a qualified manner to the comprehensive health of the child.
Propuesta metodológica para la gestión de los paisajes de la cuenca del rio Formoso, Ms/Brasil
Authors: Salinas Chávez Eduardo , Brugnolli Medeiros Rafael
Published: April 2024

Este artículo pretende contribuir al marco teórico y metodológico del análisis, diagnóstico y pronóstico para la gestión del paisaje sobre la base de la aplicación de los principios, métodos y técnicas que sustentan la Geoecología y utilizando como caso de estudio, la cuenca del río Formoso, localizada en Bonito, Mato Grosso do Sul/Brasil. La metodología consiste en la utilización de datos primarios y secundarios procesados en el ambiente SIG ArcGis 10 y validados en el campo. Se trata esta cuenca de un área de notable diversidad, singularidad y complejidad, que se relaciona principalmente con el sistema cárstico existente en la región. Sin embargo, su naturalidad es baja cuando se correlaciona con el uso antrópico intensivo de las ultimas décadas, lo que plantea preocupación sobre este sistema y valida la posibilidad de aplicar esta propuesta metodológica que permitió determinar la existencia de importantes conflictos en el uso del suelo y la reducción de las áreas naturales, estableciendo el diagnostico geoecológico de los paisajes de la cuenca y una serie de recomendaciones para alcanzar el escenario de desarrollo deseado de sus paisajes. Sustentando así la importancia practica de esta metodología que va encaminada a promover la gestión racional e integrada de los sistemas ambientales, sociales y económicos en un espacio determinado.
Automated Spoken-to-Coded Pilot Weather Reports in General Aviation
Authors: Gupta Shantanu , Pitts Brandon J. , Johnson Mary E.
Published: April 2024

A pilot weather report (PIREP) is a firsthand report of actual meteorological phenomena encountered by an aircraft in flight or on the ground. In general aviation (GA), PIREPs are a critical method of communicating weather information with pilots, controllers, and forecasters. However, GA pilots may find submitting PIREPs a cumbersome, manually intensive, and latent process. Automation of the radio PIREP submission process could lead to an increase in the quantity and quality (i.e., accuracy, timeliness, and usefulness) of GA PIREPs. This paper discusses the development and evaluation of a three-tier system to automatically convert spoken PIREPs to coded PIREPs using speech recognition, machine learning (ML), and natural-language-processing techniques. Specifically, this paper describes 1) the development, evaluation, and limitations of a trained commercial-of-the-shelf speech recognition system to generate text transcriptions of the spoken PIREPs, 2) an ML-based Named Entity Recognition model for segregating and labeling information from PIREP transcriptions, and 3) a final deterministic encoder to generate PIREP codes. If implemented in practice, this approach could significantly reduce interferences associated with submitting PIREPs, increase the number of PIREP submissions, improve the quality of PIREPs, and ultimately make flying safer for GA pilots.
Experimental Investigation of Superheated Liquid Injection in Quiescent and Supersonic Crossflow
Authors: Kim N. Y. , Cha Seongik , Yang Inyoung , Lee Sanghoon , Do Hyungrok , Kang Kyungrae , Lee Tonghun
Published: April 2024

This research delves into liquid fuel injection in scramjet combustors, with a focus on the effects of injector length-to-diameter ([Formula: see text]) ratios and temperatures, spanning from ambient to superheated states. Efficient atomization within the short residence times of liquid-fueled supersonic combustors is crucial for maximizing combustion efficiency. Initial investigations in a quiescent environment aimed to isolate the impact of injector geometry and temperature, utilizing quantitative analysis and diffused backlit illumination to demonstrate that heating fuel beyond its boiling point significantly enhances atomization and dispersion. A notable finding is that higher [Formula: see text] ratios led to a quicker initiation of flash boiling. Subsequent analyses under supersonic crossflow, using two-dimensional planar laser-induced fluorescence, support these observations. The study further employs spray structure and spatiotemporal characteristic analyses, coefficient of variation, and proper orthogonal decomposition, revealing enhanced flashing atomization at higher [Formula: see text] ratios. This underscores the critical role of injector design and temperature in optimizing fuel atomization in scramjet engines, highlighting the nuanced interplay between physical injector characteristics and thermal properties in achieving efficient combustion.
Roughness-Induced Transition in Supersonic Boundary Layers with Wall Heating and Cooling Effects
Authors: Liu Zaijie , Lu Yuhan , Liang Jianhan , Huang Hexia
Published: April 2024

The laminar–turbulent transition of a supersonic boundary layer induced by an isolated roughness element is investigated using direct numerical simulation, BiGlobal linear stability theory, and the three-dimensional parabolized stability equation. Cylindrical and diamond-shaped roughness elements are investigated in combination with different wall temperatures. Direct numerical simulations show that the cylinder configuration induces an earlier transition than the diamond configuration, with the interaction between the separated shear layer and the counter-rotating vortices causing the transition. BiGlobal analysis and the parabolized stability equation confirm the existence of two unstable instability modes in the wake region, namely, a symmetric mode and an antisymmetric mode, with the former being strongly dominant. The wall cooling and heating effects are studied by changing the wall temperature. Wall heating lifts the inlet boundary layer and weakens the separated shear layer. This, in turn, weakens the wake instability and delays the transition. The antisymmetric model disappears as the wall heating increases. Wall cooling accelerates the transition by enhancing the distortion of the roughness wake, resulting in stronger instabilities. Finally, the Reynolds number based on the momentum defect is used to define the transition criterion, and this is found to be in good agreement with the present simulation results.
State Observing Method and Active Vibration Control Based on Virtual Sensing
Authors: Sun Yuhan , Song Zhiguang
Published: April 2024

State feedback is mostly used in the active vibration control of structural systems. However, the most challenging problem is to achieve the whole state of the structure. Another issue in active vibration control is that, in many cases, only some particular modes need to be controlled, while the other modes can remain unchanged in order to save on the costs of the control. To solve the above issues, this paper proposes a state-observing method and conducts a non-spillover partial pole placement control using a multistep method. Using the finite element method, the electromechanical coupling equations of motion of the beam are formulated. The reduced finite element model is then obtained by using the system equivalent reduction expansion process method. Introducing the real measurements by sensors and applying the local corresponding principle, the modes of the structural system are corrected, which are then utilized to predict all the degrees of freedom without measuring by sensors. Then, the non-spillover partial pole placement based on the state feedback is conducted using the multistep method. The optimal locations of actuators are derived by the genetic algorithm to control the specific structural modes effectively. The numerical simulations and experimental studies are also carried out.
Gambaran Prevalensi Stunting di Lokus dan Non-Lokus Stunting di Kota Bogor Tahun 2021-2023
Authors: Nento Putri Rahmawati , Aries Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Stunting memiliki dampak buruk bagi pertumbuhan generasi penerus bangsa Indonesia dan hingga saat ini masih menjadi masalah kesehatan yang cukup serius di Indonesia. Salah satu bentuk intervensi stunting diimplementasikan secara holistik hingga tingkat desa/kelurahan adalah dengan menetapkan lokasi fokus (lokus) intervensi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran (tren) kejadian stunting di lokus dan non-lokus stunting di Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan model analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan data sekunder tinggi/panjang badan balita (<59 bulan) dari Dinkes pada tahun 2021-2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi stunting mengalami penurunan di 61 kelurahan, dimana penurunan terjadi di 8 kelurahan lokus dengan rata-rata penurunan 5,74% dan terjadi di 53 kelurahan non-lokus dengan rata-rata penurunan penurunan 3,81%. Sementara prevalensi stunting mengalami peningkatan di 7 kelurahan non-lokus dengan rata-rata peningkatan 1,12%.
Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Kejadian Stunting pada Balita Usia 12-24 Bulan di Desa Karya Mulya, Provinsi Riau
Authors: Ayuni Sri Susi , Rizqi Eka Roshifita , Isnaeni Lira Mufti Azzahri
Published: April 2024

The factors that cause stunting in toddlers include incomplete immunization of toddlers, failure to provide exclusive breastfeeding or early weaning, and inappropriate provision of Complementary feeding (MP-ASI). The research aims to analyze the factors causing the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 12–24 months in Karya Mulya Village in 2023. The type of research is quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted in April 2023 with a sample size of 52 mothers of toddlers aged 12–24 months using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires, Maternal Child Health books, and body length measurements. The data analysis used was univariate and bivariate analysis with the Fisher Exact Test. The results of the univariate analysis showed that 9 toddlers (17.3%) experienced stunting, 21 toddlers (40.4%) did not give exclusive breast milk at the age of 0–6 months, 27 toddlers (51.9%) gave complementary feeding incorrectly. The Fisher Exact Test results found that there was no relationship between complete immunization and the incidence of stunting (p-value=1.000), there was a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting (p-value=0.002), there was a relationship between giving complementary feeding and the incidence of stunting (p-value=0.025). The conclusion is that there is no significant relationship between the completeness of immunization in toddlers, but there is a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and Complementary feeding and the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 12–24 months in Karya Mulya Village in 2023. It is hoped that mothers of toddlers will continue to monitor the growth of toddlers every month, providing routine immunizations, exclusive breastfeeding, and MP-ASI by guidelines to prevent stunting.
Exploring Climate Migration and Environmental Security: Türkiye to America and Beyond
Authors: Tezcan Neslihan
Published: April 2024

Since all three books were published in 2023, they are foremost among the works that will be useful for those interested in this topic, as they are up-to-date and address current issues on the relationship between climate change, forced migration, and environmental security. Many studies conducted around the world reveal that the effects of climate change will become much more visible both in the world and in Türkiye, especially in the next decade, and that the lives of millions of people will be directly negatively affected. For this reason, it is important to conduct qualitative and quantitative studies on what awaits Türkiye in terms of climate-related risks, especially in terms of migration.
Extradural spinal cyst in a pediatric patient: A case report
Authors: Sawaya Jessica , Savla Paras , Minasian Tanya
Published: April 2024

Background:

Spinal extradural arachnoid cysts comprise <1% of all spinal lesions and are rare findings in pediatric patients. The pathogenesis of spinal extradural arachnoid cysts is not well known but is thought to most commonly be due to congenital dural defects. Other origins include trauma, inflammation, or infection, such as arachnoiditis. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging is the gold standard for diagnosis, showing a fluid-filled space dorsal to the spinal cord with signal intensity akin to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and often the site of dural defect with CSF leak. While most spinal extradural arachnoid cysts are asymptomatic, large cysts can compress the spinal cord or nerve roots, leading to myelopathy, radiculopathy, or focal pain symptoms. In such cases, surgical management is indicated.

Case Description:

Here, we present a case of a 15-year-old female who presented with lower back pain radiating to her bilateral posterior thighs and knees, with imaging indicating a thoracolumbar spinal extradural arachnoid cyst. After failed conservative treatment, surgical intervention in the form of laminectomy, fenestration of the arachnoid cyst, and repair of the dural defect was required, resolving the patient’s symptoms with no recurrence of the cyst.

Conclusion:

Complete resolution of pain in our patient following surgical management of spinal arachnoid cyst suggests that treatment of the arachnoid cyst can be achieved through minimal exposure to the site of the CSF leak to fenestrate the cyst and repair the leak.
Accurate preoperative diagnosis of a Rathke cleft cyst with the aid of a novel classification for sellar cystic lesions and a diagnostic algorithm decision: Tools for differentiating cystic sellar lesions with a representative case
Authors: Cuellar-Hernández J. Javier , Ortega-Ruiz Omar R. , Rodriguez-Armendariz Ana Guadalupe , Castillo-Acevedo Carlos Daniel , Pérez-Ruano Luis Alejandro , Caro-Osorio Enrique , Garza-Baez Azalea
Published: April 2024

Background:

Rathke’s cleft cyst (RCC) is a benign lesion in the sellar and suprasellar compartments. Similarly, pituitary adenomas can present with cystic morphology, making it a differential diagnosis when evaluating a patient with a cystic lesion in the sellar region. Surgical goals differ between RCCs and pituitary adenomas as the first can achieve remission of symptoms with cyst decompression in contrast to pituitary adenomas where complete resection would be the main goal. Imaging analysis alone may not be sufficient to define a preoperative surgical plan. The combination of imaging and conjoined use of validated tools may provide valuable insights to the clinician when defining a surgical approach.

Case Description:

We present a case of a 27-year-old male with a 3-month history of visual disturbances and headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a cystic lesion in the sellar compartment with compression of nearby structures. The authors were able to accurately diagnose this sellar lesion as an RCC with the conjoined aid of two classifications proposed in the literature. Cyst evacuation was performed with relief of symptoms and improved visual outcomes at follow-up.

Conclusion:

While cystic adenomas can require total resection for cure, RCCs can show marked improvement with partial resection and evacuation of its contents. An accurate preoperative diagnosis can lead the surgeon to opt for the best surgical approach.
Tuberculoma mimicking en-plaque meningioma in a 45-year-old male: A case report
Authors: Atteiah Abdulgadir Talal , Abbas Mosab , Al-Sinani Taghreed Abdulhameed
Published: April 2024

Background:

Tuberculoma mimicking en-plaque meningioma is a rare variant of tuberculoma. A few cases were reported in the literature. The radiological appearance can be mistakenly diagnosed as en-plaque meningioma.

Case Description:

We report a rare case of a 45-year-old male with tuberculoma mimicking en-plaque meningioma who underwent surgical excision followed by anti-tuberculosis (TB) medications. Follow-up brain imaging after three months showed a favorable outcome.

Conclusion:

Tuberculoma mimicking en-plaque meningioma should be considered in the differential diagnosis where TB is endemic.
Differentiation of species and provenance of palm leaf manuscripts using Fourier-Transform infrared spectrocopy and chemometrics
Authors: Voges Lucas F. , Horn Nils , Ciotti Giovanni , Seifert Stephan
Published: April 2024

For the authentication and interpretation of palm leaf manuscripts, material analyses are required that enable the identification of specific characteristics of the written artefacts. In this study we apply infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) in combination with chemometrics as a fingerprinting technique for the analysis of palm leaf manuscripts. We demonstrate that manuscript specific information is obtained and that a differentiation regarding the taxonomic species of the palm leaves used for production and their geographical origin in South and Southeast Asia is possible. The results show the potential of infrared spectroscopy for fingerprinting and authentication of written artefacts.
Impact of an Ionic Liquid Solution on Horseradish Peroxidase Activity
Authors: Chatterjee Shubham , Nochebuena Jorge , Cisneros G. Andrés
Published: April 2024

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is an important enzyme for industrial purposes due to its ability to oxidize pollutants from wastewater. A previous report indicated that peroxidases can have up to a 20% increase in the initial enzymatic activity in an aqueous solution of 0.26 M 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate ([EMIm][EtSO4]) at neutral pH. However, the atomistic details of how the solution affects peroxidase activity remain elusive. In the enzymatic landscape of HRP, an intermediate termed Compound II (Cpd II) plays a key role and involves a histidine (H42) residue that may take different protonation states. Cpd II displays structural versatility, existing as oxo-ferryl (2a) or hydroxo-ferryl (2b(FeIV)) forms, where 2a is the predominantly observed form in experimental studies. Intriguingly, the ferric 2b(FeIII) form seen in synthetic complexes, has not been observed in HRP. Here, we have investigated the structure and dynamics of HRP in pure water and aq. [EM-Im][EtSO4] (0.26 M), as well as the reaction mechanism of Cpd II catalyzed conversion of 2a to 2b using polarizable molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations. When HRP is solvated in aq. [EMIm][EtSO4] a significant reduction in the fluctuation of residues 70, 71 and 74 is observed. This reduction is due to the migration of EtSO4– ions close to this region, which results in structural changes in the active site; including the displacement of the catalytic water, and orientation of H42 directly over the ferryl moiety. This configuration of the active site leads to a direct proton transfer (PT) with a significant energy reduction in the reaction barrier. Conversely, in neat water, the reaction for 2a to 2b follows the previously reported mechanism where H42+ transfers a proton to the ferryl moiety via an ordered water in the active site. We further investigated an alternative path with the deprotonated form of H42, where the mechanism shifts to hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), with similar reaction barrier differences between the aqueous and aqueous/IL mixture, albeit with significantly higher relative barriers. Analysis of the electric fields at the active site indicate that the aq. [EMIm][EtSO4] medium facilitate the reaction by providing a more favorable environment compared with the system solvated in neat water. Overall, our calculations provide atomic-level insights that help explain the observed improvement in activity for peroxidases in IL solution, and underscore the importance of favorable electric fields in the active site to promote catalysis.
The Just Prison? Women’s Prison Reform and the Figure of the “Offender-as-Victim” in Germany
Authors: Faust Friederike , Nagel Klara
Published: April 2024

During the 1990s, the Berlin women’s prison was reformed to do justice to female inmates. This redesigning of space and programs was intended to meet women-specific conditions and needs. The present paper engages with this prison reform as transformation in the name of gender justice. Based on interviews with prison reformers, criminologists, and policymakers, as well as on the analysis of historical documents, we illuminate how a specific figure of the “criminalized woman” helps to translate the abstract notion of social justice into situated practice. From the 1970s onward, a new knowledge of women’s crime would emerge: it constituted female offenders as victims of patriarchal oppression and victimization, allowing the prison system to be criticized as androcentric and discriminatory against women. We argue that subsequent reform pursued gender justice in the form of difference-based, gender-responsive programs and spaces targeting individual inmates’ character and mindset. Thereby, the reformers’ initial critique of social justice would be unintentionally depoliticized and so gender, economic, and political inequalities remained unaddressed. Our purpose is hence twofold: first, to review the recent history of women’s incarceration in Germany, and second, to add a social justice focus to the international criminological debate on gender, prison, and reform.
Building Depth Maps Using an Active-Pulse Television Measuring System in Real Time Domain
Authors: Musikhin I.D. , Kapustin V.V. , Tislenko A.A. , Movchan A. , Zabuga S.A.
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the results of software development for building depth maps based on video data from a television camera of an active-pulse television measuring system (AP TMS) in real time domain. The development of such software is required to conduct various scientific studies, as well as to improve the methods and techniques for building depth maps and remote measurement of the characteristics of objects of interest. The software was implemented using the Python programming language with additional libraries installed. According to the results of testing the implemented algorithm, it was found that the calculation speed using the graphics processing unit (GPU) is on average 3.5 times higher than the speed of the algorithm using only the central processing unit (CPU). It has been established that with the help of CUDA cores it is possible to build depth maps in real time domain at the maximum possible resolution of video frames of the system (1544x2064 pixels), while when using the central processor, real-time operation is possible only at a reduced resolution of video frames (772x1032 pixels).
Visualization of Flow of a Viscous Incompressible Fluid Corresponding to Exact Solutions of the Navier-Stokes Equations
Authors: Galkin V. A. , Dubovik A.O. , Morgun D.A.
Published: April 2024

The work visualizes flows corresponding to the exact solutions of the system of hydrodynamic equations previously published by the authors, consisting of the vector Navier-Stokes equation and the law of conservation of mass for an incompressible fluid. This work uses the MathGL library for the C/C++ language and ParaView for scientific visualization of the results of numerical and analytical calculations. Without the use of such means, it would be impossible to see that the fluid flow is stratified into invariant subregions, and the trajectories of motion of fluid particles are wound on torus-shaped surfaces.

Most of the scientific works on the study of hydrodynamic equations cover the results of calculations and do not address the questions of the existence of exact analytical solutions. At the same time, these calculations are performed with a specially selected set of fitting parameters unique to the equipment used and the computer software used. Questions about trust in the results of such calculations, their verification with exact solutions and the creation of a bank of test examples of applied problems in order to certify the applicability of the calculation results in practice become relevant.
Visualization in Data Reconstruction Tasks
Authors: Shklyar A.V. , Zakharova A.A. , Vekhter E.V.
Published: April 2024

Many application tasks of multidimensional data analysis which describe the state of real physical or other systems face with difficulties. This is a consequence of the low-quality source data, including missing values, the probability of errors or unreliability of measurements. Incomplete data can become an obstacle for research using many modern informational methods. The current work examines the potential and capabilities of visual analytics tools for preliminary preparation, correction or complete analysis of primary data volumes.

A promising area of application of the approach discussed in the study is the targeted use of visualization capabilities as a data analysis tool. The implementation of specialized visual metaphors is used to solve problems of processing and interpreting data, the sources of which are cyberphysical systems of different complexity levels. Such systems operate in an autonomous or partially controlled mode. A characteristic feature of these systems is the presence of a large number of sensors that collect various types of data. Such data differ in the capacity of the corresponding information channels, their speed and reliability. Examples of such cyberphysical systems are unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), robotic stations, and multimodal monitoring systems. These systems can function in conditions where it is difficult to obtain objective observation experience (deep-sea robots). The effective use of data collected by cyberphysical monitoring systems is a condition for solving a large number of application and research tasks.
Halocline Internal Wave Attractors Visualization
Authors: Elistratov Stepan
Published: April 2024

The phenomenon of wave attractor, originating from ocean dynamics, in the last couple decades has become widely-studied both laboratorily and numerically. However, their discoveries in wild nature are still rare hence deepwater ones are out of technique, and attractor in smaller basins cannot form because of energy overinjection. In the current work we show that attractor may exist in shallower depths regardless the depth of the basin’s bottom. Basing on the peculiar dispersion relation typical for stratified fluid attractors can be ”trapped” in a narrow halocline layer which may facilitate their detection in the nature. Additionally, we discuss the formed flow structure visualization problems.
Functional-Voxel Modeling of The Cauchy Problem
Authors: Tolok A.V. , Tolok N.B.
Published: April 2024

The paper considers an approach to solving the Cauchy problem for an example of a partial differential equation of the first order under given boundary conditions by the functional voxel method (FVM). The proposed approach uses the accumulated experience of differentiation and integration into FV- modeling to obtain local geometric characteristics of triangular elements on the surface of the resulting function in the process of linear approximation. The analytical solution of a simple example of a partial differential equation of the first order for the Cauchy problem is analyzed. Based on the obtained analytical solution, FV-model is constructed for further comparison with the results obtained by means of FV-modeling. The algorithm for solving the example is described by means of FV-modeling. A visual and numerical comparative analysis is carried out to determine the difference between the obtained results of FV-modeling and the accepted standard. The main difference between solving such a problem by numerical methods is the results obtained. In numerical methods, the result is the value of the function at the approximation nodes, and the FV-model at the nodes contains local geometric characteristics (gradient components in a space enlarged by one), which makes it possible to obtain a nodal local function of an implicit form, as well as a differential local function of an explicit form. The proposed graphical representation of the function area on a computer provides not only visual visibility, but also compact storage compared to a traditional array of real numbers.
Improving the information mechanism for the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of law enforcement in Ukraine
Authors: Ievdokymov V. , Savitskyi V. , Pavliuk O.
Published: April 2024

The study was devoted to the development of ways to improve the information mechanism as a tool for the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of law enforcement. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the information mechanism for the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of law enforcement should comply with the state information policy and be based on the provisions of the Law of Ukraine «On Information». It is noted that the information mechanism of state policy in the field of law enforcement should provide two main areas of law enforcement activities, namely: internal communication, that is, communication within the law enforcement system and external communication, that is, communication with civil society. The levels of organization of interaction between law enforcement agencies at the state level, at the regional level, at the city and district levels are determined. It is concluded that the forms of interaction, as well as concepts, spheres, range of subjects, rights, duties and responsibilities of the participants in the interaction should be enshrined in the law «On the interaction of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine», the adoption of which will improve the efficiency of law enforcement agencies in their functions and tasks.» The components as a result of the development of a new mechanism for the exchange of information between law enforcement agencies are systematized. The main directions of external interaction are proposed, namely: informing the society, shaping public consciousness, drawing attention to a social problem. For the effective use of external communication methods by the subjects of the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of law enforcement, it is necessary to develop a communication strategy for a law enforcement agency, form financial support for the implementation of methods, and establish requirements for the disclosure of information.
EU economic sanctions against russia and the effectiveness of their application
Authors: Orel Oleksand , Orel Oleksii , Yatskivska A. , Vlasenko O.
Published: April 2024

EU economic sanctions against Russia and their effectiveness are a topical study that examines the impact of sanctions on the russian economy and politics. The aim of the study is to substantiate the effectiveness of the application of EU economic sanctions against russia, in particular, to determine their impact on the economic situation of the aggressor country, including changes in GDP, export-import operations, the state of the financial sector and other economic indicators. In the course of the study, key aspects that affect the effectiveness of economic sanctions were identified: political support, the power of the object of sanctions, the compliance of sanctions with specific goals, the effective application of sanctions, alternative options for the addressee country, the time aspect, and the impact on the population. The nature of the impact of sanctions is also determined: trade obstruction, financial constraints, economic downturn, humanitarian impact, changing alliances and economic relations, long-term economic consequences, global economic consequences, adaptive response, and it is proved that the impact of sanctions can vary greatly depending on the economic stability of the object country, its ability to adapt, the scope and severity of sanctions, as well as global geopolitical dynamics. The analysis of measures imposed by the EU in the context of sanctions, including restrictions on access to financial markets, sectoral restrictions on trade and sanctions against individuals or companies, is carried out. The authors analyzed the effectiveness of sanctions from the point of view of achieving EU political goals in the context of the war in Ukraine, as well as their impact on the economic situation in russia. It is revealed that russia's GDP growth is projected in the coming years, which indicates insufficient effectiveness of the sanctions imposed and applied to the economy of the aggressor country. In addition, the results of the study allowed us to assess the dynamics of relations between the EU and russia in the context of sanctions policy and their possible impact on economic and political processes in both regions.
Post-war restoration of the healthcare system as a component of state security management
Authors: Yunher V. , Katruk L.
Published: April 2024

The post-war recovery of the healthcare system should include a sound strategy of consistent action and effective mechanisms of public administration. Modern approaches to public administration of the post-war restoration of the healthcare system should be completely transformed, taking into account the totality of problems that the system faced in the context of a full-scale military invasion of the aggressor state. This determines the need to transform the theoretical and methodological provisions of public administration for the post-war restoration of the healthcare system. Accordingly, the scientific search is updated in the context of identifying new and transforming existing properties of public administration components, in the context of: a) overcoming the consequences of military operations for the healthcare system; b) forming a system of medical services that meet post-war needs; c) forming the adaptability of the healthcare system to internal and external threats. Accordingly, there is a need to review the content, properties and critical points of the components of public administration for the post-war restoration of the healthcare system.
Information and analytical system for managing the processes of evacuation and restoration of enterprises' activities
Authors: Kuchuk A.
Published: April 2024

Problem statement. The process of evacuation of an industrial enterprise and restoration of work in safe areas are complex processes that require operational management decisions on the one hand and assessment of the effectiveness of this process in order to determine the financial condition and continuity of the enterprise in the strategic dimension on the other hand. An important component of this is the formation of a high-quality information product to ensure decision-making by stakeholders. This can be implemented by creating an internal reporting system. "Internal management reporting is a flexible system of information forms; compiled by responsibility centers and in general for the enterprise, submitted to management personnel of various levels; reflects the conditions, organizational and technological features of the enterprise's activities and the needs of management personnel; is a source of information for monitoring, analysis, budgeting and making effective management decisions" [31]. This determines the need to expand the system of internal reporting of an industrial enterprise in the context of reflecting the consequences of military operations and occupation of state territories and the processes of evacuation and launch of the enterprise in safe territories. Accordingly, research on the development of internal reporting on the processes of evacuation of industrial enterprises is updated.
Implementation of international standards on issues of gender equality in Ukrainian legislation
Authors: Lytvynchuk O.
Published: April 2024

The article justifies the fundamental aspects of the development of Ukrainian legislation on gender equality in the context of the implementation of international standards. It was noted that a component of the further modernization of the country's national legislation should be the constant adaptation of the regulatory and legal environment to modern challenges and needs of society. This involves not only the improvement of current legal acts, but also the introduction of new ones that will take into account modern socio-cultural transformations.

The activity of the leading international organizations on ensuring gender equality was analyzed. It was emphasized that the issue of developing international standards on gender equality is a rather complex and daunting task.

It is argued that the modernization of national legislation should contribute to the creation of a transparent, fair and adaptive legal environment that meets the needs of modern society and should become an important component of further modernization of the country's national legislation. On the basis of the conducted research, recommendations were developed regarding the practical implementation of international standards of gender equality into national legislation.

The research used the methods of induction and deduction, comparative method, historical, dialectical and logical methods.
Terror and war in socio-political processes
Authors: Slyusar V. , Slyusar M. , Volkova K.
Published: April 2024

Terror and war are forms of social violence that determine processes in the political sphere and are not only tools of political struggle, but also a source of social change. Emphasis is placed on the basic differences of the concepts of «war», «terror», «terrorism» and the peculiarities of their definition in modern scientific and public discourses are indicated. The article analyzes the functional nature of terror and war and their manifestations at the individual and collective levels of social violence in its following forms: political, economic, physical, structural and systemic. War and terror, in fact, turn out to be a universal tool for the cyclical change of certain forms of violence, in particular «mythical», «existential» and «rational» violence. War and terror in their classical sense are always realized as a physical form of violence. Even under the conditions of minimizing the number of victims in the conditions of the superiority of the military force of the army of one of the parties, military violence constitutes a threat of the use of physical force, and the threat of violence is, in fact, violence. Political goals determine the attitude of each member of society to war, the nature of armed struggle, the choice and mobilization of resources for its success. This determines the content of the law on the dependence of the course of war and its outcome on the political goals of the parties opposing each other. The achievement of a political goal is «marked» in the public consciousness as a "victory", and the image of the defeated is Girard’s «victim», on whom aggression is directed, whose level in society usually rises with the beginning of military operations.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS IN E-COMMERCE: A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY FROM 1995 TO 2023 USING MERGED DATA SOURCES
Authors: Boukrouh Ikhlass , Azmani Abdelah
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The aim of this study is to conduct a comprehensive review of scientific articles concerning artificial intelligence (AI) applications in electronic commerce through bibliometric analysis.
 
Theoretical Framework: The current study utilized both the SCOPUS and Web of Science (WoS) databases to enrich the analysis with a wider selection of papers in the field, incorporating an examination of the most cited documents.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: The dataset for analysis was selected according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework, integrating data from Scopus and WoS through R software, specifically using the biblioshiny library. It includes 8372 papers published from 1995 to 2023. This study's data analysis used two approaches: descriptive analysis to examine the data quantitatively and scientific mapping to explore the intellectual and social structures within the dataset.
 
Findings: The results reveal significant trends in the application of artificial intelligence in e-commerce, highlighting the rapid growth of interest in this area over the last decade. China emerges as the country with the highest number of citations, with ZHANG Y identified as the most relevant author and HU M as the most cited author. Furthermore, the study identifies prevalent keywords used by the authors, including sentiment analysis and recommendation systems.
 
Research, Practical & Social Implications: This study underscores the transformative potential of AI in enhancing e-commerce practices, offering insights for both academic researchers and industry professionals by providing valuable perspectives on current trends and contributions.
 
Originality/Value: The value of the study lies in its comprehensive bibliometric approach, which integrates two major databases to explore AI's applications in e-commerce. This deviation from previous reviews, which often rely on a single database, provides a deeper understanding of the current landscape and future directions in this field.
Impedance Bandwidth Enhancement Using Capacitor-Controlled Series Resonance in an Antenna’s Feeding Structure
Authors: Li Rui , Qu Longyue , Shin Hyunwoong , Lee Hoseung , Wi Seokju , Kim Jeonghwan , Kim Hyeongdong
Published: April 2024

This paper introduces a feeding structure that employs a series capacitor and a parallel capacitor to control input impedance. Accordingly, a wide impedance bandwidth was achieved in a simulation. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of the reference antenna and the proposed antenna was conducted to demonstrate the proposed antenna’s improved bandwidth and enhanced efficiency. According to the simulation and measurement data, the bandwidth of the proposed antenna was approximately 400 MHz (range, 680–1,080 MHz) under a 3:1 voltage standing wave ratio. Moreover, the efficiency improved from 43% to 59% (range, 690–960 MHz), and the radiation pattern showed satisfactory performance. The proposed technology thus offers promising development prospects for the antenna designs of low-frequency systems for mobile communication.
Improving Deep CNN-Based Radar Target Classification Performance by Applying a Denoise Filter
Authors: Nguyen Van-Tra , Vu Chi-Thanh , Doan Van-Sang
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a novel method for removing noise from range-Doppler images by using a filter prior to conducting target classification using a deep neural network. Specifically, Kuan, Frost, and Lee filters are employed to eliminate speckle noise components from radar data images. Furthermore, a neural network that combines residual and inception blocks (RINet) is proposed. The RINet model is trained and tested on the RAD-DAR dataset—a collection of range-Doppler feature maps. The analysis results show that the application of a Lee filter with a window size of 7 in the RAD-DAR dataset demonstrates the most improvement in the model’s classification performance. On applying this noise filter to the dataset, the RINet model successfully classified radar targets, exhibiting a 4.51% increase in accuracy and a 14.07% decrease in loss compared to the classification results achieved for the original data. Furthermore, a comparison of the RINet model with the noise filtering solution with five other networks was conducted, the results of which show that the proposed model significantly outperforms the others.