bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Witnessing Tether-cutting Reconnection at the Onset of a Partial Eruption
Authors: Chen 陈 Hechao 何超 , Duan Yadan , Yang Jiayan , Yang Bo , Dai Jun
Published: December 2018

In this paper, we study the onset process of a solar eruption on 2015 February 21, focusing on its unambiguous precursor phase. With multiwavelength imaging observations from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), definitive tether-cutting (TC) reconnection signatures, i.e., flux convergence and cancellation, bidirectional jets, and topology change of hot loops, were clearly observed below the pre-eruption filament. As TC reconnection progressed between the sheared arcades that enveloped the filament, a channel-like magnetic flux rope (MFR) arose in multiwavelength AIA passbands wrapping around the main axis of the filament. With the subsequent ascent of the newborn MFR, the filament surprisingly split into three branches. After a 7 hr slow-rise phase, the high-lying branch containing the MFR abruptly accelerated causing a two-ribbon flare; while the two low-lying branches remained stable forming a partial eruption. Complemented by kinematic analysis and decay index calculation, we conclude that TC reconnection played a key role in building up the eruptive MFR and triggering its slow rise. The onset of the torus instability may have led the high-lying branch into the standard eruption scenario in the fashion of a catastrophe.
No Evidence for Enhanced [O iii] 88 μm Emission in a z ∼ 6 Quasar Compared to Its Companion Starbursting Galaxy
Authors: Walter Fabian , Riechers Dominik , Novak Mladen , Decarli Roberto , Ferkinhoff Carl , Venemans Bram , Bañados Eduardo , Bertoldi Frank , Carilli Chris , Fan Xiaohui , Farina Emanuele , Mazzucchelli Chiara , Neeleman Marcel , Rix Hans-Walter , Strauss Michael A. , Uzgil Bade , Wang Ran
Published: December 2018

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array band 8 observations of the [O iii] 88 μm line and the underlying thermal infrared continuum emission in the z = 6.08 quasar CFHQS J2100–1715 and its dust-obscured starburst companion galaxy (projected distance: ∼60 kpc). Each galaxy hosts dust-obscured star formation at rates >100 M
⊙ yr−1, but only the quasar shows evidence for an accreting 109
M
⊙ black hole. Therefore we can compare the properties of the interstellar medium in distinct galactic environments in two physically associated objects, ∼1 Gyr after the big bang. Bright [O iii] 88 μm emission from ionized gas is detected in both systems; the positions and linewidths are consistent with earlier [C ii] measurements, indicating that both lines trace the same gravitational potential on galactic scales. The [O iii] 88 μm/far-infrared (FIR) luminosity ratios in both sources fall in the upper range observed in local luminous infrared galaxies of similar dust temperature, although the ratio of the quasar is smaller than in the companion. This suggests that gas ionization by the quasar (expected to lead to strong optical [O iii] 5008 Å emission) does not dominantly determine the quasar’s FIR [O iii] 88 μm luminosity. Both the inferred number of photons needed for the creation of O++ and the typical line ratios can be accounted for without invoking extreme (top-heavy) stellar initial mass functions in the starbursts of both sources.
A ‘honra’ de cavalaria e a aristocracia medieval portuguesa
Authors: Aguiar Miguel
Published: December 2018

Este artigo procura refl etir sobre a relação entre a aristocracia medieval portuguesa e a cavalaria, na sua dimensão plural de categoria social e de ideologia que viria a caraterizar os grupos dominantes na hierarquia social medieva. Interessa discutir a importância dos milites/cavaleiros quer na sociedade dos séculos XII e XIII, quer nos séculos XIV e XV, evidenciando, em ambos os períodos, a polissemia desse estatuto e relacionando-o simultaneamente com as etapas de construção e articulação da ideologia cavaleiresca em Portugal. Importa também ponderar o surgimento dos símbolos e dos rituais da cavalaria enquanto autoimagem dos diferentes quadrantes da aristocracia: dos infantes, da alta nobreza ou dos cavaleiros propriamente ditos. Num plano mais lato, este estudo tem como objetivo refl etir acerca da importância da cavalaria para a coesão mas também para a renovação do grupo aristocrático.
El capítol catedralici de Mallorca a la segona meitat del segle XV (1450-1495)
Authors: Cassanyes Roig Albert
Published: December 2018

Tot i la importància del capítol catedralici de Mallorca durant la segona meitat del segle XV, la institució canonical no ha estat estudiada a fons. Aquest article presenta les bases sobre les quals construir una posterior investigació. En primer lloc, es fixa l’onomàstica dels canonges i els anys durant els quals ostentaren la prebenda, amb l’objectiu d’individualitzar-los i de determinar les persones que ocuparen les dignitats catedralícies i altres oficis a fora de la Seu. Tot seguit s’ofereixen algunes dades referents a les relacions familiars, fonamentals per explicar l’accés a les prebendes de certes persones, puix el nepotisme era molt habitual. En tercer lloc, els estudis universitaris també constituïen un factor determinant en el nomenament de canonges, i la normativa n’afavoria la formació. Finalment, les conclusions permeten delinear uns primers elements per a una prosopografia dels canonges de Mallorca al final de l’Edat Mitjana.
Fincas aristocráticas en la Murcia islámica: rahales, reales y torres
Authors: Jiménez Castillo Pedro
Published: December 2018

En el Occidente islámico medieval, las élites urbanas eran propietarias de fincas agropecuarias situadas generalmente en la periferia de las ciudades, aunque también en puntos relativamente alejados del casco urbano, que con frecuencia combinaban su uso como explotación agraria con el de residencia temporal para el recreo y solaz de sus propietarios. Conocemos la parte residencial o palatina de algunas de las más monumentales; no obstante, persisten numerosos interrogantes en torno a este tipo de haciendas a los que no se ha podido aún dar respuesta. Dado que el estudio de la propiedad aristocrática, y con ello el de las élites, constituye uno de los pilares del análisis histórico y social que, sin embargo, se ha aplicado poco al caso de al-Andalus; y teniendo en cuenta que durante los últimos años estamos teniendo acceso a nuevos datos al respecto, hemos creído pertinente reunir la información, fundamentalmente arqueológica y documental, relativa a la explotación y poblamiento aristocrático del alfoz urbano de la Murcia andalusí.
Detection of Gopher Tortoise Burrows Before and After a Prescribed Fire: Implications for Surveys
Authors: Howze Jennifer M. , Smith Lora L.
Published: December 2018

Gopher tortoise Gopherus polyphemus populations have declined by as much as 80% over the past century, primarily as a result of habitat loss. In 2006, the eastern population of the gopher tortoise was petitioned for federal listing as threatened. In response, a Candidate Conservation Agreement was developed for the gopher tortoise. A Candidate Conservation Agreement is a voluntary agreement between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other interested parties to address the conservation needs of a species before it becomes federally listed and to enact measures to preclude the need to list the species. The gopher tortoise Candidate Conservation Agreement identified an assessment of the status of populations on protected lands as a priority and line transect distance sampling (LTDS) was adopted as the standardized survey methodology. Surveys with LTDS rely on detection of gopher tortoise burrows because tortoises are fossorial. However, gopher tortoise burrows vary greatly in size and small burrows of juveniles are rarely detected. Although LTDS is statistically robust and allows for imperfect detection, few studies have examined how detection varies with tortoise burrow size and whether habitat structure may influence detection of gopher tortoise burrows. Both factors could affect the accuracy of population estimates using LTDS and interpretation of demographic parameters needed for the Candidate Conservation Agreement. Therefore, we conducted surveys for burrows using LTDS before (28 March–13 April 2016) and after (9–18 May 2016) a prescribed burn, which reduced vegetation cover. We detected significantly more burrows (P < 0.001, n = 651) of all sizes after the burn, and the burrow abundance estimate was 64% higher postburn. Our study showed that conducting gopher tortoise surveys after a prescribed burn increased detections and provided a more accurate population estimate. We therefore recommend conducting surveys immediately after a burn. However, varying burn cycles on large sites may make it difficult to survey following a prescribed burn and because the effects of a burn on habitat structure may vary within a site, methods to account for variation in detection due to habitat structure are needed. Population estimates for gopher tortoises using LTDS that do not account for variation in detection due to habitat structure likely underestimate population size.
Nutrient Profiles of Wild and Captive Attwater's and Greater Prairie-Chicken Eggs
Authors: Morrow Michael E. , Koutsos Elizabeth A. , Toepfer John E.
Published: December 2018

We determined reference levels of minerals, fatty acids, and fat-soluble micronutrients in eggs from wild Attwater's Tympanuchus cupido attwateri and two (Minnesota, Nebraska) greater prairie-chicken T. c. pinnatus populations for comparison with eggs produced by captive Attwater's prairie-chickens to help guide formulation and evaluation of captive diets. Levels of all minerals found in wild Attwater's prairie-chicken eggs were similar to those in at least one of the two greater prairie-chicken populations, but these levels frequently differed between the two greater prairie-chicken populations. Ratios for n-6:n-3 fatty acids were >3 times higher for Minnesota greater prairie-chickens, which had more access to waste grain than Attwater's or Nebraska greater prairie-chickens. Captive eggs had n-6:n-3 ratios 6.7 times the pooled wild samples, while wild eggs had higher levels of anhydrolutein, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, and total carotenoids. More magnesium, zinc, and manganese were observed in wild eggs compared with those produced in captivity. Flaxseed was added to the captive breeder diet in an attempt to lower egg n-6:n-3 ratios, along with additional carotenoids found in marigold extract. These dietary modifications successfully lowered the n-6:n-3 ratio by 46%, but this ratio was still 3.6 times higher in captive eggs, consistent with the grain-based formulation of the breeder diet. Carotenoid additions successfully raised total carotenoids, but increases were primarily for lutein and not zeaxanthin or β-carotene as intended. Variability in egg nutrient composition among the three wild populations suggests that some tolerance exists in maternal diets, but impacts to offspring fitness are unknown. Given the purported importance of maternal nutrition to fitness of embryos and neonate chicks, we suggest additional research is needed to quantify the influence of key nutrient levels on offspring fitness for both captive and wild populations.
Communicating With Customers Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: van Weezel Aldo
Published: December 2018

Artificial intelligence is everywhere. It helps us to find the next movie to watch and guide us in the city to avoid traffic jams while driving. It is also replacing human operators in call centers in order to help customers in need of assistance. This replacement is a piece of software called a chatbot, which is capable of processing natural language to answer instantly a question of a customer. This industry report tells the story of Easybots, a start-up focused on delivering chatbots for medium to large companies willing to improve the experience of digital customers.
Muscle spindles of the rat sternomastoid muscle
Authors: Giuriati Walter , Ravara Barbara , Porzionato Andrea , Albertin Giovanna , Stecco Carla , Macchi Veronica , De Caro Raffaele , Martinello Tiziana , Gomiero Chiara , Patruno Marco , Coletti Dario , Zampieri Sandra , Nori Alessandra
Published: December 2018

The sternomastoid (SM) muscle in rodents presents a peculiar distribution of fiber types with a steep gradient from the ventral, superficial, white portion to the dorsal, deep, red region, where muscle spindles are restricted. Cross section of the medial longitudinal third of the rat SM contains around 10,000 muscle fibers with a mean diameter of 51.28±12.62 (μm +/- SD). Transverse sections stained by Succinate Dehydrogenase (SDH) reaction clearly presents two distinct regions: the dorsal deep red portion encompassing a 40% cross section area contains a high percentage of packed SDH-positive muscle fibers, and the ventral superficial region which contains mainly SDH-negative muscle fibers. Indeed, the ventral superficial region of the rat SM muscle contains mainly fast 2B muscle fibers. These acidic ATPase pH 4.3-negative and SDH-negative 2B muscle fibers are the largest of the SM muscle, while the acidic ATPase pH 4.3-positive and SDH-positive Type 1 muscle fibers are the smallest. Here we show that in thin transverse cryosections only 2 or 3 muscle spindle are observed in the central part of the dorsal deep red portion of the SM muscle. Azan Mallory stained sections allow at the same time to count the spindles and to evaluate aging fibrosis of the skeletal muscle tissue. Though restricted in the muscle red region, SM spindles are embedded in perimysium, whose changes may influence their reflex activity. Our findings confirm that any comparisons of changes in number and percentage of muscle spindles and muscle fibers of the rat SM muscle will require morphometry of the whole muscle cross-section. Muscle biopsies of SM muscle from large mammals will only provide partial data on the size of the different types of muscle fibers biased by sampling. Nonetheless, histology of muscle tissue continue to provide practical and low-cost quantitative data to follow-up translational studies in rodents and beyond.
Dermal papillae flattening of thigh skin in Conus Cauda Syndrome
Authors: Ravara Barbara , Hofer Christian , Kern Helmut , Guidolin Diego , Porzionato Andrea , De Caro Raffaele , Albertin Giovanna
Published: December 2018

Our previous studies have shown that severely atrophic Quadriceps muscles of spinal cord injury (SCI) persons suffering with complete conus and cauda equina syndrome, and thus with permanent denervation-induced atrophy and degeneration of muscle, were almost completely rescued to normal size after two years of home based Functional Electrical Stimulation (hbFES). Since large surface electrodes were used to stimulate the denervated thigh muscles, we wanted to know if the skin was affected by this peculiar long-term treatment. Indeed, we demonstrated by two approaches that the epidermis decreases in thickness in the long term denervated persons, while it increased to almost pre-SCI values in hbFES compliant SCI persons. Here we report data of morphometry of skin biopsies from both legs of 18 SCI persons, harvested at enrolment in the Project RISE, to test if the Interdigitation Index, a simple measurement of the epidermal‐dermal junction, may provide a further precise quantitative evidence of the flattening of the skin in those SCI persons. The Interdigitation Index of the 36 skin biopsies shows a higly significant linear correlation with the years of SCI (p < 0.001). Furthermore, when the 18 SCI persons are divided in two groups (1 to 3.9 versus 4.1 to 8.0 years from SCI, respectively) and the data are compared, the later Group presents a statistically significant -22% decrease (p, 0.029) of the Interdigitation Index. On the other hand counting the papille do not provide the same strong evidence. In conclusion, the Interdigitation Index is an additional sound quantitative structural biomarker of skin atrophy and flattening occurring in SCI. The result correlates with the much severe extent of atrophy of the permanently denervated thigh muscles, as determined at both macro and microscopic levels.We are confident that the Interdigitation Index will provide sound evidence that the effects of hbFES, we previously reported on skeletal muscle and epidermis thickness, will be extended to the dermal layer of the skin, suggesting a coordinated negative effects of SCI on skeletal muscle and skin, and an improvement of both tissues after hbFES. Incoming analyses will be extended to basal lamina, collagene types, elastic fibers and skin annexes in the subcutaneous layer.
Do neurogenic and cancer-induced muscle atrophy follow common or divergent paths?
Authors: Bouchè Marina , Lozanoska-Ochser Biliana , Proietti Daisy , Madaro Luca
Published: December 2018

Skeletal muscle is a dynamic tissue capable of responding to a large variety of physiological stimuli by adjusting muscle fiber size, metabolism and function. However, in pathological conditions such as cancer and neural disorders, this finely regulated homeostasis is impaired leading to severe muscle wasting, reduced muscle fiber size (atrophy), and impaired function. These disease features develop due to enhanced protein breakdown, which relies on two major degradation systems: the ubiquitin-proteasome and the autophagy-lysosome. These systems are independently regulated by different signalling pathways, which in physiological conditions, determine protein and organelle turnover. However, alterations in one or both systems, as it happens in several disorders, leads to enhanced protein breakdown and muscle atrophy. Although this is a common feature in the different types of muscle atrophy, the relative contribution of each of these systems is still under debate. Here, we will briefly describe the regulation and the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome and the autophagy-lysosome systems during muscle wasting. We will then discuss what we know regarding how these pathways are involved in cancer induced and in neurogenic muscle atrophy, highlighting common and divergent paths. It is now clear that there is no one unifying common mechanism that can be applied to all models of muscle loss. Detailed understanding of the pathways and proteolysis mechanisms involved in each model will hopefully help the development of drugs to counteract muscle wasting in specific conditions.
Super-linear propagation for a general, local cane toads model
Authors: Henderson Christopher , Perthame Benoît , Souganidis Panagiotis E.
Published: December 2018

We investigate a general, local version of the cane toads equation, models the spread of a population structured by unbounded motility. We use the thin-front limit approach of Evans and Souganidis in [
Indiana Univ. Math. J.
, 1989] to obtain a characterization of the propagation in terms of both the linearized equation and a geometric front equation. In particular, we reduce the task of understanding the precise location of the front for a large class of equations to analyzing a much smaller class of Hamilton–Jacobi equations. We are then able to give an explicit formula for the front location in physical space. One advantage of our approach is that we do not use the explicit trajectories along which the population spreads, which was a basis of previous work. Our result allows for large oscillations in the motility.
Compliance and port air quality features of ship fuel switching regulation: by a field observation SEISO-Bohai
Authors: Zhang Yanni , Deng Fanyuan , Man Hanyang , Fu Mingliang , Lv Zhaofeng , Xiao Qian , Jin Xinxin , Liu Shuai , He Kebin , Liu Huan
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Since January 1st, 2017, ships berth at the core ports of three designated Domestic Emission Control Area (DECA) in China should use fuel with sulphur content less than or equal to 0.5 %. In order to evaluate the impacts of switching fuel, a measurement campaign (SEISO-Bohai) was conducted from 28 December 2016 to 15 January 2017 at JingTang Harbor, an area within the 7th busiest port in the world, including meteorological monitoring, pollutants monitoring, aerosol sampling and fuel sampling. During the campaign, 16 ship plumes were captured by the on-shore measurement sites, and 4 plumes indicates the usage of high SF fuel. The average reduction of average ΔNOx / ΔSO2 ratio from high sulphur plumes (3.26) before January 1st to low sulphur plumes (12.97) after January 1st shows a direct SO2 emission reduction of 75 %, consistent with the sulphur content reduction (79 %). Average concentrations of PM2.5, NOx, SO2, O3 and CO during campaign were 147.85 μg m−3, 146.93 ppb, 21.91 ppb, 29.68 ppb and 2.21 ppm, respectively, among which NOx reached a maximum hourly concentration of 692.6 ppb and SO2 165.5 ppb. Mean concentrations of carbonaceous and dominant ionic species in particles were 6.52 (EC), 23.10 (OC), 22.04 (SO42−), 25.95 (NO3−) and 13.55 (NH4+) μg m−3. Although the carbonaceous species in particles were not significantly affected by fuel switching, the gas and particle pollutants in ambient air exhibited clear and effective improvements from implementation of low sulphur fuel. Comparison with the prevailing atmospheric conditions and wind map of SO2 variation concluded the prompt SO2 reduction by 70 % in ambient air after fuel switching. Given the high humidity in site, this SO2 reduction will abate the amount of secondary aerosols and improve the acidity of particulate matter. Based on enrichment factors of elements in PM2.5, vanadium was identified as marker for residual fuel ship emissions, decreasing significantly by 97.1 % from 309.9 ng m−3 before fuel switching and 9.1 ng m−3 after, which indicated a crucial improvement due to the implementation of low sulphur fuel. Ship emissions were proven to be significantly influential both directly and indirectly on port environment and coastal areas around Bohai Bay, in where the population density reaches 650 per square kilometre. The results from this study provide positive impact on air quality of fuel switching and indication of new method on identification of ship fuel type.
Assessing the Added Value of the Intermediate Complexity
Atmospheric Research Model (ICAR) for Precipitation in Complex
Topography
Authors: Horak Johannes , Hofer Marlis , Maussion Fabien , Gutmann Ethan , Gohm Alexander , Rotach Mathias W.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. The coarse grid spacing of global circulation models necessitates the application of climate downscaling to investigate the local impact of a changing global climate. Difficulties arise for data sparse regions in complex topography which are computationally demanding for dynamic downscaling and often not suitable for statistical downscaling due to the lack of high quality observational data. The Intermediate Complexity Atmospheric Research Model (ICAR) is a physics-based model that can be applied without relying on measurements for training and is computationally more efficient than dynamic downscaling models. This study presents the first in-depth evaluation of multi-year precipitation time series generated with ICAR on a 4 x 4 km² grid for the South Island of New Zealand for the eleven-year period from 2007 to 2017. It focuses on complex topography and evaluates ICAR at 16 weather stations, eleven of which are situated in the Southern Alps between 700 m MSL and 2150 m MSL. ICAR is diagnosed with standard skill scores and the effect of model top elevation, topography, season, atmospheric background state and synoptic weather patterns on these scores are investigated. The results show a strong dependence of ICAR skill on the choice of the model top elevation, with the highest scores obtained for 4 km above topography. Furthermore, ICAR is found to provide added value over its ERA-Interim reanalysis forcing data set for alpine weather stations, improving mean squared errors (MSE) up to 53%. It performs similarly during all seasons with an MSE minimum during winter, while flow of higher linearity and atmospheric stability were found to increase skill scores. ICAR scores are highest during weather patterns associated with flow perpendicular to the Southern Alps and lowest for flow parallel to the alpine range. While measured precipitation is underestimated by ICAR, these results show the skill of ICAR in a real-world application, and may be improved upon by further observational tuning or bias correction techniques. Based on these findings ICAR shows the potential to generate downscaled fields for long term impact studies in data sparse regions with complex topography.
Testimonial Smothering and Pornography
Authors: Vince Rosa
Published: December 2018

This paper defends the claim that there are two previously underexplored ways in which pornography silences women. These ways that pornography silences are (1) the smothering of refusal and (2) the smothering of sexual assault reports, and they can be explained in part through Kristie Dotson’s account of “testimonial smothering.” Unlike the work of other writers in the pornography as silencing literature, my discussion of silenced refusal of sex deals with the cases where women have said yes to sex but would have said no if they had felt that they could have. I show that this, and cases where women do not report sexual assault, count as testimonial smothering through identifying rape myths as a species of “pernicious ignorance.” I make the connection to pornography in presenting evidence that pornography contributes to acceptance of rape myths. This takes us to my general conclusion: Dotson’s account of testimonial smothering gives us a way in which pornography contributes to the silencing of women, by silencing their refusal of sex and their reports of sexual assault.
Using Problem-Based Learning (PBL) to Teach Geographic Information Science
Authors: Peacock Heather
Published: December 2018

Geographic Information Science (GIScience) is a field of study that investigates the development and use of theories, methods, technology, and data for understanding geographic processes, relationships, and patterns (Mark, 2003). Students in the discipline learn the conceptual and technical implementation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS; the analysis, storage, visualization, and management of geographic data). However, GIScience undergraduates often struggle to relate GIS theory to technical practice. In particular, students have difficulty mastering GIS tools and software and they are not well-equipped to determine the series of processes/tools required to complete geoprocessing tasks without prompts. GIScience courses commonly provide students with detailed step-by-step instructions on how to execute various GIS tools in order to solve example problems but students are eventually expected to perform the same or similar problem-solving tasks without detailed instructions.

This workshop focuses on how to teach the technical and problem-solving skills required in GIScience courses effectively by employing a problem-based learning (PBL) model. PBL is an active learning method that increases understanding and competency. The approach focuses on problem solving, self-directed learning, team participation and cooperation (Pawson et al., 2006). PBL encourages students to use critical thinking, engages their curiosity to solve real-world problems, and promotes inquiry and interest in the subject matter (Pawson et al., 2006). A PBL approach encourages students to collaboratively solve problems in GIScience by first identifying the general steps to solve the problem and then solve those problems by determining the tools needed to process the data to come to a solution (Melero, 2010). Incorporating PBL into GIScience courses enables students to solve a larger variety of problems, promotes stronger retention of skills and theory, and better prepares them for future professional opportunities and/or academic research.
Promoting Active Learning in Physiology Lectures Through Student Response Systems: To Click or Not to Click
Authors: Thibeault Pierre
Published: December 2018

Courses in physiology engage students through active learning strategies including small group discussions, group work, and opportunities to explore a scientific problem and explain their findings. Many of these active learning exercises take place in tutorial and laboratory settings. Unfortunately, traditional physiology lectures are often limited to conveying information through lecturing and PowerPoint slides. This approach provides little opportunity for student engagement above lower-order cognition, i.e., writing notes, listening, memorization (Freeman et al. 2014). Student response systems (e.g., clickers) are a valuable tool to facilitate active learning in the lecture setting that could enable students to take control of their learning (“Do I truly understand this topic/concept/theory?”) (Hwang, Wong, Lam & Lam 2015). In addition, clickers provide valuable instant feedback to the lecturer about student comprehension, and can be used to track participation and attendance. Many platforms are now available including clicker devices and virtual clickers to facilitate active learning and meta-cognitive exercises in the lecture setting. Student feedback response platforms may provide a way to introduce active learning into the lecture setting with physiology lectures resulting improved engagement and better achievement of learning outcomes. This workshop provides practical strategies and examples to help instructors evaluate the benefits, challenges, and methods of integrating student response systems into the physiology lecture setting.
Integrating Computer Programming into Introductory Physics Courses
Authors: VanKerhove Jeff
Published: December 2018

Computing has become essential in virtually all physical fields, used for tasks such as modelling complex systems and analyzing data. As a result, computer programming competence is now considered a default requirement for physics research. Additionally, computer programming requires critical thinking and problem solving skills – both of which are also essential for physics and other rigorous disciplines. Thus, learning to program at the undergraduate level not only facilitates students’ ability to apply physical principles to solving problems, but also boosts marketable skills valuable in a more general job market. However, little emphasis is placed on computer literacy in the introductory courses of undergraduate physics curricula. Physics students interested in pursuing undergraduate research will often need to either take a computer science course or learn a computer programming language independently. In either case, it takes the student a long time to gain an understanding of the language and be able to apply it to relevant problems. This workshop is geared toward instructors and teaching assistants in introductory undergraduate physics courses with a working understanding of and experience using at least one programming language (e.g., Python, MATLAB, C++) for scientific applications. The intention is to introduce methods and provide suggestions for more effectively introducing students to scientific programming and integrating it into the physics curriculum.
El género y sus interseccionalidades desde una perspectiva sociológica e histórico-crítica en las narrativas autobiográficas de Angelou, Lorde y Davis
Authors: Díaz Polegre Leticia , Torrado Martín-Palomino Esther
Published: December 2018

En el desarrollo de los estudios feministas la teoría de la interseccionalidad ha aportado paradigmas de gran relevancia para explicar la violencia y las discriminaciones que, por razones de género y raza, sufren las mujeres. En este artículo se abordará el desarrollo del feminismo interseccional, prestando atención al momento histórico y político de los movimientos feministas negros anteriores a su aparición y desarrollo. Asimismo, se analizarán las distintas discriminaciones por razones de género, raza y clase mediante el análisis en profundidad de tres obras autobiográficas escritas por mujeres afroamericanas y que son precursoras de la denuncia de distintas opresiones interseccionales. Utilizando estas autobiografías como rejilla analítica, podremos observar que la teoría de la interseccionalidad hace referencia a un sistema complejo de opresiones que son múltiples y simultáneas demostrando, además, las diversas formas en las que la raza y el género interactúan dando forma a diferentes maneras de exclusión.
Presentación
Authors: Mora-Quiñones Nidia G. , Gallego Durán Mar
Published: December 2018

Presentación del número
INFLUENCE OF END-FUNCTIONALIZED SOLUTION STYRENE–BUTADIENE RUBBER ON SILICA-FILLED VULCANIZATES WITH VARIOUS SILICA–SILANE SYSTEMS
Authors: Ahn Byungkyu , Park Nam , Kim Donghyuk , Kim Wonho
Published: December 2018

We investigated how end-functionalized solution styrene–butadiene rubber (SSBR) affects the vulcanizate structures and the physical properties of silica-filled vulcanizates using non-functionalized and end-functionalized SSBRs with aminopropylalkoxysilane. Two silane agents were used. Triethoxy(octyl)silane was used as a covering agent, and bis-[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]disulfide was applied as a coupling agent. The effects of three different silica–silane systems with a covering agent (CV), a coupling agent (CP), or with no silane (NS) were analyzed. In the CV and NS systems, the cross-link densities induced by the polymer and curing system were similar with respect to the end-functionalization. Further, the cross-link densities induced by the silica–silane system were similar, regardless of the end-functionalization. However, the CP system exhibited similar cross-link densities, irrespective of functionalization. Both the coupling agent and end-functional group chemically bonded with the silanol groups of silica, thus competing with each other and affecting the vulcanizate structure. However, increasing the silica content decreased the effect of end-functionalization because the content of the coupling agent increased, and the end-functional group was less mobile than the coupling agent's alkoxy group.
Sustainability in the New Business of Business: From Control to Self Control in Leadership
Authors: Mishra Krishna Chandra
Published: December 2018

Many theories are evolved in economics and management to explain the imbalance in demand and supply of goods and services or consumption pattern, resource allocation, and so on. All these theories explain a common fact, competition to acquire resources to maximize wealth. All the wars the human race fought in the past were for one purpose, to acquire and accumulate wealth. In all these, few stakeholders of the universe are ignored: human beings, environment, earth and other living creatures on earth. Deep deforestation and overuse of natural resources have questioned the survival of mankind itself. How long the greed and competition for unquestionable global leadership will go on and what would be the fate of unprivileged in these? Can their survival be challenged? Can we think an alternative inclusive paradigm for management to ensure justice to everything on earth to survive peacefully? Yes we can, through a spiritual leadership for sustainable growth and business.
Processo de implementação de uma política de gestão ambiental: o papel do sistemas de crenças de Simons (1995)
Authors: Zambenedetti Lidiane , Angonese Rodrigo
Published: December 2018

Esta pesquisa objetivou investigar o papel do sistema de crenças (SIMONS, 1995) na implementação de uma política de controle ambiental. O sistema de crenças inclui a descrição da missão, visão e credos da organização. A política de controle ambiental inclui planos, programas e procedimentos específicos, voltados ao meio ambiente. Pesquisa qualitativa, operacionalizada pelo método de estudo de caso. A coleta de dados ocorreu pela observação, análise documental e entrevistas. Constou-se que o sistema de crenças sempre esteve presente na empresa e foi formalizado a partir da implementação do projeto ambiental. Os resultados mostram que o sistema de crenças influenciou positivamente a implementação da política de controle ambiental na empresa.
A análise da escola das estruturas sociais de acumulação sobre a economia dos Estados Unidos entre o pós-guerra e o início do século XXI
Authors: Da Silva Bento Amanda Mayara , Bandeira de Mello F Marcelo
Published: December 2018

O objetivo principal do trabalho é apresentar a explicação da escola das estruturas sociais de acumulação (EESA) para as transformações do capitalismo estadunidense ocorridas entre o pós-guerra e o início do século XXI. De acordo com a abordagem, a estrutura social de acumulação do pós-guerra, construída no contexto geopolítico da Guerra Fria, foi caracterizada por acordos entre os trabalhadores e os capitalistas e entre esses últimos e os cidadãos. Tais arranjos institucionais possibilitaram taxas de crescimento elevadas e significativos ganhos de salário real. A abordagem teve alguma dificuldade em compreender o tipo de capitalismo predominante nos Estados Unidos depois da estagflação da década de 1970 e teve que alterar o significado do seu conceito principal para analisar o capitalismo neoliberal.
Influência da vernalização de semente na produção, crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas de lisianthus
Authors: Yumbla-Orbes Maria , Barbosa José Geraldo , Otoni Wagner Campos , Montezano Marcel Santos , Grossi José Antônio Saraiva , Cecon Paulo Roberto , Borges Eduardo Euclydes de Lima e , Heidemann Joice Crescencio
Published: December 2018

Flowering induction and control is a limiting factor when commercially producing cut flowers of lisianthus and seed exposure to low temperatures, a physiological event called vernalization, induces the differentiation of vegetative buds to reproductive buds, contributing to a flowering that is uniform and has quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of seed vernalization in three cultivars of lisianthus (Excalibur, Echo and Mariachi) for 12, 24, 36 and 48 days at temperatures of 5, 10 and 15°C, in the production and quality of buds, making this technology feasible to large-scale production. During cultivation it was observed that the lower the temperature and higher the vernalization period, the lower the cycle and the greater the number of plants induced to flowering for all three cultivars, and those are important features in the context of flower production in a commercial scale. The seeds subjected to vernalization originated plants that produce flower stems within the standards required by the market, showing that vernalization was efficient to induce flowering without affecting the quality of the buds. To produce lisianthus as a cut flower of quality, it is recommended seed vernalization of Mariachi and Echo cultivars for 24 days at 5°C and Excalibur for 36 days at 5°C.
Thermodynamic properties of Anacardium humile St. Hil. (cajuzinho-do-cerrado) achenes
Authors: Barbosa Karine Feliciano , Sales Juliana De Fátima , Resende Osvaldo , Oliveira Daniel Emanuel Cabral de , Cabral Ana Lúcia , Lopes Filho Luiz César
Published: December 2018

The cajuzinho-do-cerrado is a native species of the cerrado of great potential of use and is threatened of extinction. The aim of this study was to determine and evaluate the thermodynamic properties of Anacardium humile St. Hil. achenes from the different hygroscopic equilibrium points according to the moisture content. To obtain the isotherms, the indirect static method was used at temperatures of 10, 20, 30 and 40 °C and for moisture contents of 13.4, 11.1, 8.7 and 5.3% dry basis (db). The Copace model was used to describe the hygroscopic equilibrium of the achenes. The thermodynamic properties are influenced by the moisture content because the latent heat of vaporization of the water of the achenes increases with the decrease in the equilibrium moisture content, varying between 3,035.63 and 2,510.80 kJ kg-1 for moisture contents of 4.51 to 13.4% db, respectively. The differential enthalpy and entropy are closely related to the moisture content of the achenes. The isokinetic temperature of 304.67 K denotes the linear chemical compensation between the differential enthalpy and entropy of the Anacardium humile St. Hil. achenes, and the desorption process is controlled by enthalpy.
Assessing impact of climate change on the wheat production in the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: Wang Lingyue , Yang Xiaoliu , Zhao Ruina
Published: December 2018

Conflicts between water supply and water demand are intensifying in irrigation districts along the Lower Yellow River, China, due to climate change and human activities. To ensure both adequate food supply and water resource sustainability in the region, this paper investigated the relationship between wheat yield and meteorological variables in 7 provinces within the Yellow River Basin. The key meteorological variables that influenced wheat yield were identified, and the regression functions between climate relevant wheat yield and these variables were established. Combining with the climate change scenarios in the future, the impact of climate change on crop yield were assessed. To cope with limited water resources in this region, it is necessary to properly irrigate crops based on soil water content and take full advantage of precipitation and surface runoff during the summer maize season.
Associação do histórico de abortamento com a presença de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum em vacas leiteiras
Authors: Frigotto Tiago Andre , Genz Thiago Alexandre Simon , Nino Beatriz De Souza Lima , Zulpo Dauton Luiz , Garcia João Luis
Published: December 2018

Neospora caninum is an important cause of abortions in dairy cattle, leading to severe economic losses. The objective of this study was to determine the association of serum antibodies against N. caninum with a history of abortion in dairy cows. A total of 46 dairy cows from nine dairy farms were evaluated; 28 with a history of one or more abortions and 18 without a history of abortions. Antibodies against N. caninum were detected by indirect immunofluorescence, and the reaction was considered positive when the titer was ?1:50. Serum antibodies against N. caninum were detected in 39.1% (18/46) of all cows, 57.1% (16/28) of cows with a history of abortion, and 11.1% (2/18) of cows without a history of abortion. Among the seropositive cows, 88.9% had a history of abortion. All farms showed at least one animal positive for N. caninum. These results indicate an association between seropositivity for N. caninum and a history of abortion in cows. Cows with a history of abortion were 10.6 times more likely to be seropositive for N. caninum than cows without a history of abortion. Therefore, we concluded that there is an association between a history of abortion and the presence of antibodies against N. caninum in dairy cows.
Occurrence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in goats from micro-regions of the state of Piauí
Authors: Santos Karina Rodrigues dos , Lemos Jezlon Da Fonseca , Lopes Carla Duque , Sousa Richard Atila , Oliveira Marcelo Richelly Alves de , Luz Carlos Syllas Monteiro , Sousa Júnior Severino Cavalcante de
Published: December 2018

This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in goats from micro-regions of the state of Piauí (Brazil). From six randomly selected properties, 145 goats were examined. Serum samples of the animals were analyzed by ELISA for the presence or absence of antibodies against T. gondii. Of these, 22% were seroreactive for T. gondii. Individual records were also taken for each property. These analyses showed that factors such as sex, age, water source, and presence of cats were associated with animal seropositivity. In addition, there was also a positive correlation (p > 0.04) between animal sex and T. gondii contamination. The presence of cats in the facilities and animal pasture fields appeared to be a risk factor for the contamination of goats in the assessed properties (p > 0.03). The parasite Toxoplasma gondii is present in the goat herds of southern Piauí state, and females are more likely to be contaminated.
Produtividade e valor nutritivo de gramíneas tropicais em monocultivo e em consórcio com milho na segunda safra
Authors: Kichel Armindo Neivo , Souza Luis Carlos Ferreira de , Almeida Roberto Giolo de , Costa José Alexandre Agiova da
Published: December 2018

This study aimed to assess productivity and nutritional value of the tropical grasses Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã, Xaraés, and Marandu, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, and B. ruziziensis cv. Kennedy in the interseason of an integrated crop-livestock (ICL) system since alternatives are needed for forage production for animal grazing in Autumn and Winter. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a split-split plot scheme with four replications. The treatments of plots consisted of five grasses, subplots consisted of three cropping systems (monoculture, intercropping with corn and unsuppressed grass, and intercropped with corn and suppressed grass), and sub-subplots consisted of four cutting intervals of grasses (50, 90, 125, and 195 days after emergence - DAE). The experiment was carried out from February to September 2014. Dry matter (DM) productivity, obtained at 195 DAE for the three cropping systems (monoculture grass, unsuppressed and suppressed grass in intercropping), were 18.45, 7.15, and 3.05 t ha?1, respectively, and average crude protein contents of leaf blades of grasses decreased linearly between the cutting intervals of 50 to 195 DAE from 19.95 to 9.70%, respectively. Under integrated systems, the studied grasses showed better yields and nutritional quality when compared to traditional grazing systems. Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés and Piatã had the highest leaf and crude protein yields when compared to Brachiaria ruziziensis cv. Kennedy and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu. In terms of nutritional value, Brachiaria ruziziensis cv. Kennedy was superior to Mombaça and Xaraés grasses but had lower total dry matter yield. Finally, Xaraés, Piatã and Mombaça grasses are recommended choices ICL systems when fodder grass production is the goal.
Frequência de suplementação proteico-energética sobre o desempenho e comportamento ingestivo de bezerros Nelore mantidos em pastagem tropical na estação seca
Authors: Franco Gumercindo Loriano , Vedovatto Marcelo , D'Oliveira Marcella Cândia , Cortada Neto Ibrahim Miranda , Morais Maria Da Graça , Diogo José Mauro Da Silva
Published: December 2018

With the objective to evaluate different frequencies of supplementation on the performance and ingestive behavior of Nellore calves kept on Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu pasture, 56 animals with initial average body weight (BW) of 174.5 kg were submitted to the following treatments: no supplement and 1x, 3x, and 7x supplementation per week. The supplement was provided in the amount of 3.5 g kg-1 of BW day-1. BW and evaluation of behavior were assessed every 28 days. The randomized block's design with two repetitions was used. The analyses of variance were carried out by the GLM procedure in the SAS software, and the means were compared by the Tukey’s test at 5% significance. The supplementation increased the average daily gain (ADG; P ? 0.05); however, it did not differ between frequencies (0.005, 0.190, 0.183, and 0.177 kg head-1 day for the no supplement treatment and 1x, 3x, and 7x per week, respectively). The animals in the no supplement treatment showed longer grazing time (P ? 0.05) compared to those receiving the supplement. However, results did not differ between frequencies (10.44, 8.57, 8.32, and 8.59 hours day-1 for no supplement treatments and 1x, 3x, and 7x per week, respectively). Thus, the frequency of supplementation can be reduced to once a week without reducing animal performance.