bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Guiding students in Singapore to investigate historical controversy using a disciplinary approach
Authors: Baildon Mark , Afandi Suhaimi , Bott Sandra , Rajah Chelva
Published: October 2018

In this article, we make the case for teaching historical controversy on disciplinary and educational grounds. We outline an approach for teaching controversial history topics that engages students with authentic historical problems, such as historical controversies or actual debates
taken up by historians, and allows students to participate in history as an interpretative enterprise. The disciplinary approach we suggest can also help teachers practically manage the challenges of teaching contentious topics by drawing on the disciplinary methods and standards used in history.
Teaching controversial topics is challenging in many contexts, and in this article we highlight some of the challenges teachers in Singapore face when teaching controversial topics in history classrooms. We also draw on research that examines the conceptions Singaporean students hold about
history and the nature of accounts in history. We argue that teaching historical controversy can help students develop their conceptual understanding of historical accounts, understand the nature of history as a discipline, and build their historical knowledge. We conclude by arguing that
in a time of widespread access to multiple and often competing accounts about past and present in social media, a discipline-based history education is more important than ever.
Analysis Of Active Power Filters Operating With Unbalanced Loads
Authors: Rodrigues Limongi Leonardo , Roiu Daniel , Bojoi Radu , Tenconi Alberto
Published: October 2018

The aim of this paper is to perform an analysis of the shunt Active Power Filter (APF) operating with unbalanced loads. The impact of the load imbalance on the APF performance is mathematically demonstrated and validated with experimental results using a 25 kVA shunt APF prototype. The APF operation in such conditions is affected by the appearance of DC-link voltage ripple at twice the grid frequency. As consequence, the source currents become distorted and the APF performance deteriorates. Based on this fact, a new control scheme is proposed to avoid high voltage ripple in the DC link, without increasing the DC-link capacitance.
Retificador Entrelaçado Com Elevado Fator De Potência Para Operação De Um Veículo Trólebus Alimentado Por Redes Em Ca Ou Cc
Authors: Alberto Canesin Carlos , De Azevedo e Melo Guilherme , Serrão Gonçalves Flávio Alessandro , Alessandro Nunes de Oliveira Rodrigo , Marco Muno Jerry , Dos Santos Marcelo
Published: October 2018

Este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento e os principais resultados para um retificador boost entrelaçado operando como um estágio especial de potência de entrada para um veículo tipo trólebus, permitindo sua alimentação por sistemas de distribuição em corrente alternada (CA) ou corrente contínua (CC). Quando alimentado em corrente alternada a dois fios (sistema monofásico), o conversor chaveado de entrada proposto promove a correção ativa do fator de potência, drenando corrente praticamente senoidal (reduzidas distorções harmônicas DHTI) da rede CA e atendendo plenamente às restrições impostas pela norma IEC 61000-3-4. Adicionalmente, um sistema de gerenciamento e controle da operação promove a comutação automática e eletrônica para o retificador proposto quando das transições entre as linhas de distribuição em CC ou CA, ou seja, quando da passagem da rede de CC para CA e vice-versa, preservando as características elétricas do barramento de CC para o sistema de acionamento do trólebus. Apresenta-se os principais resultados experimentais para o conversor em escala nominal de potência (150kW) instalado em um carro trólebus com sistema de acionamento em CC, demonstrando-se os benefícios do conversor proposto e da possibilidade de alimentação em CA para o sistema de transporte tipo trólebus.
Achievement Of Zvt And Computation Of Its Time Of Occurrence For Power Converters
Authors: Foletto Montagner Vinícius , Leães Hey Hélio , Da Silva Martins Mário Lúcio , Luís Russi Jumar
Published: October 2018

This paper provides a mathematical expression to determine the occurrence of soft-switching for a general topology of ZVT converters with auxiliary resonant voltage source. This expression is used to help the designer in choosing appropriately the values of inductance and capacitance for the auxiliary resonant branch ensuring ZVT. The main advantage of the proposed methodology is to point out suitable sets of circuit parameters without relying only on time consuming numerical simulations of the entire converter. Additionally, numerical methods to compute the time of occurrence of ZVT for these power converters are provided. The proposed methods are given by second order approximations of a nonlinear function which describes the voltage on the ZVT snubber capacitor during the zero-voltage resonant stage. The results can be seen as applications of second order Taylor series and of quadratic interpolation. However, differently of simply finding the root of a given nonlinear equation, the conditions given here provide analytical expressions to compute the time of occurrence of ZVT based on the converter parameters. Then, the proposed conditions become useful for analysis and design, allowing evaluating operation sequence, total commutation time, resistive losses and other important parameters to describe the converter performance.
Comparative Study Of The Inductances Of An Induction Motor With Rotor Eccentricities
Authors: F. Rodriguez Elkin , Andrés Santisteban José , Carlos Ferreira Antônio
Published: October 2018

In this work, the inductances of an induction motor, which rotor may be misaligned, are evaluated. Two types of analysis are performed: Analytical Method (AM) and Finite Element Method (FEM). For radial displacements, both methods show equivalent results but to evaluate inductances as a function of angular displacements, only with FEM was possible to get results as with AM it would be necessary intricate functions. The inductances obtained with FEM were included in simulations of a bearingless induction motor with split windings. This approach shows a good agreement with experimental results.
Implementation Of A Stand-alone Photovoltaic System Based On Decentralized Dc-dc Converters
Authors: Brum Cândido Diogo , Rafael Rakoski Zientarski Jonatan , Concatto Beltrame Rafael , Renes Pinheiro José , Michels Leandro , Leães Hey Hélio
Published: October 2018

This paper proposes a stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system that has as its input stage a set of DC-DC converters, which aim to perform the input energy processing with maximum power point tracking in a decentralized form. As battery charger the system possesses a bidirectional converter for controlling the power flux from/to battery bank, which is out of the main power path. The output stage is performed by an inverter. Previous studies have demonstrated that the decentralized input stage can provide an efficiency gain of 16% in situations where one or more photovoltaic panel is shaded, damaged or aged. The paper analyzes all operation modes of the proposed PV system, considering different levels of load energy demand and of solar irradiation. The proposed system is validated by simulation and experimental results.
Dc-ac Power Supply For Battery Based Systems
Authors: De Alencar e Silva Carlos Elmano , De Souza Oliveira Júnior Demercil , Miguel de Oliveira Filho Herminio , Luiz Marcelo Antunes Fernando
Published: October 2018

This work presents the analysis, design, and experimental development of a single-phase inverter with high frequency transformer isolation and for a wide input voltage range. The high frequency input current ripple is mitigated by the use of a small input LC filter, and the low frequency current component injected by the inverter is attenuated by the voltage loop controller. The proposed topology can be used in dc voltage-sourced applications such as renewable energy and battery based systems.
Modelagem Do Motor De Indução Trifásico Alimentado De Forma Não Tradicional - Conversor Eletromecânico De Conjugado
Authors: Luiz Gontijo André , Martins Neto Luciano
Published: October 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um método para gerar variações temporais de conjugado pré-determinadas no eixo de um motor de indução trifásico funcionando em velocidades próximas de zero. Este método se baseia na hipótese de que exista um conjunto de tensões trifásicas, não senoidais, defasadas entre si de 120 graus, que seja capaz de gerar o conjugado desejado. A modelagem matemática na qual o método é desenvolvido se baseia em um motor trifásico convencional, conectado em estrela e bloqueado. Uma possível aplicação deste método seria em casos onde o motor funcionaria quase parado e o conjugado é o principal efeito desejado.
Adaptive Hysteresis Current Control Of A Pwm Inverter At Constant Modulation Frequency Applied To Shunt Active Power Filters
Authors: Rodrigues Pereira Rondineli , Henrique da Silva Carlos , Borges da Silva Luiz Eduardo , Lambert-Torres Germano , K. Bose Bimal
Published: October 2018

This paper proposes a novel adaptive hysteresis current control strategy of a voltage-fed PWM inverter, where the switching frequency always remains constant and the harmonic ripple is minimum, irrespective of dc link voltage fluctuation and load parameter variation. The developed algorithm works well for single-phase as well as multi-phase inverters, although single-phase inverter operation, particularly in active harmonic filter mode, is emphasized in this paper. The algorithm uses fuzzy logic-based current error compensation, and it is simple to implement and does not involve any hysteresis-band calculation. The control strategy has been implemented digitally with a high-speed digital signal processor (TI-TMS320F2812). The proposed scheme has been thoroughly evaluated in laboratory by simulation as well as in experimental studies on a single-phase inverter, and its performance was found to be excellent.
Teologie as wetenskap: Noodsaak van dialoog
Authors: Nel Marius
Published: October 2018

Die vraag word gestel: wanneer sal teologie as ‘n wetenskap geld sodat teologiese arbeid ‘n plek aan ‘n openbare universiteit verseker kan wees? Die debat of teologie by ‘n universiteit hoort of gerelegeer behoort te word tot kerklike skole hang af van die keuse van tipologie wat bepaal of teologie as ‘n wetenskap beskou word. Die dialoogmodel veronderstel ‘n mutualistiese verhouding tussen wetenskap en teologie wat impliseer dat daar gemene grond in voorveronderstellings, metode en konsepte is wat gesprek moontlik en selfs noodsaaklik maak. Dit vereis dat teologie ‘n gespreksvennoot in en met die wetenskappe bly maar word gekortwiek wanneer teologie absolutistiese eise maak gebaseer op die uitgediende veronderstelling dat die kerk met ewige waarhede werk wat nie krities bespreek kan word nie. Teologiese ondersoek moet deurgaans ‘n kritiese ingesteldheid teenoor sy metodologie handhaaf, oop vir betwisting bly, interdissiplinêr, multidissiplinêr en selfs transdissiplinêr navorsing doen en bydra tot die mens se soeke na begrip en betekenis. So alleen kan teologie ‘n waardige dialoogvennoot word. Die artikel word afgesluit deur te demonstreer wat die bydrae van so ‘n dialoog kan wees, deur in gesprek met die veertiende-eeuse Middel-Engelse mistieke Cloud of Unknowing te tree. Die gevolgtrekking is dat die teks nadenke oor hermeneuse asook God en gebed kan verryk. Abstract The question is asked: when will theology be a science so that theological work can be ensured a place at a public university? The debate whether theology should be practiced at a university or be delegated to church schools depends on the choice of typology that determines whether theology is regarded as a science. The dialogue model presupposes a mutualistic relationship between science and theology that implies that common ground in presuppositions, methods and concepts makes such a dialogue possible and even necessary. This requires that theology remains a conversation partner in and with the sciences but is handicapped when theology makes absolutistic demands based on the outdated assumption that the church works with eternal truths that can not be critically discussed. Theological inquiry must maintain a critical attitude towards its methodology throughout, be open for contestation, represent interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary and even transdisciplinary research and contribute to the human quest for understanding and meaning. In this way, theology can be a worthwhile dialogue partner. The article concludes by demonstrating what the contribution of such a dialogue can be by interviewing the fourteenth century Middle English mystical Cloud or Unknowing. The conclusion is that the text can enrich reflection on hermeneutics as well as God and prayer.
Analysis Patterns for GIS Data Schema Reuse on Urban Management Applications
Authors: Lisboa Filho Jugurta , Iochpe Cirano , Borges Karla A. V.
Published: October 2018

An analysis pattern is any part of a requirement analysis specification that can be reused in the design of other information systems as well. Urban management systems (e.g.: Tax Control Systems, Urban Transportation System) are implemented in a similar way for many counties. This paper proposes three analysis patterns that make possible the reuse of geographic database design for urban area planning and management applications, developed in Geographic Information System (GIS).
Adaptive Description of ATM Traffic Flows
Authors: Rochol Juergen , Diemer Mouriac Halen
Published: October 2018

Today, the great challenge in broad band networks, such as ATM, is to support applications that need guaranteed QoS. Efficient resource allocation for connections that need guaranteed QoS is only possible if the application can provide a precise and reliable traffic descriptor that the network can understand. This work presents a methodology to obtain the parameters of the traffic descriptor of an ATM application from an initial sample of the flow. Based on real-time measurements of the flow, we suggest periodic renegotiations of the parameters, every time they vary above or below their predefined limits. We apply this method to a VBR MPEG video flow and demonstrate its performance. Observed results are discussed and some future uses of the methodology are suggested.
XCSL: XML Constraint Specification Language
Authors: Jacinto Marta H. , Librelotto Giovani R. , Ramalho Jose C. , Henriques Pedro R.
Published: October 2018

After being able to mark-up text and validate its structure according to a document type specification, we may start thinking it would be natural to be able to validate some non- structural issues in the documents. This paper is to formally discuss semantic-related aspects. In that context, we introduce a domain specific language developed for such a purpose: XCSL. XCSL is not just a language, it is also a processing model. Furthermore, we discuss the general philosophy underlying the proposed approach, presenting the architecture of our semantic vali- dation system, and we detail the respective processor. To illustrate the use of XCSL language and the subsequent processing, we present two case-studies. Nowadays, we can find some other languages to restrict XML documents to those semantically valid — namely Schematron and XML-Schema. So, before concluding the paper, we compare XCSL to those approaches.
Decision Tree Induction using Adaptive FSA
Authors: Pistori Hemerson , Neto Joao Jose
Published: October 2018

This paper introduces a new algorithm for the induction of decision trees, based on adaptive techniques. One of the main feature of this algorithm is the application of automata theory to formalize the problem of decision tree induction and the use of a hybrid approach, which integrates both syntactical and statistical strategies. Some experimental results are also pre- sented indicating that the adaptive approach is useful in the construction of efficient learning algorithms.
Extreme Processing Conditions Applied in Selection of Different Microorganisms Utilized as Compost Enhancers
Authors: ÖZDEMİR KOÇAK Fadime , DEĞİRMENCİ Levent
Published: October 2018

Present
study included isolation of microorganisms during the mesophilic stage of composting and their reuse in compost mixture
to enhance organic matter degradation. Effect of microorganism addition on
compost degradation was investigated in the presence of microorganisms obtained
by isolation from a miniscule composting system. Effects of water addition and
time of mixing were applied as extreme composting conditions. Isolates were
obtained from these systems and inoculated to determine the most resistant
microorganisms. 16S rRNA sequencing of selected strains indicated the presence
of Escherichia, Enterococcus and Streptomyces
genus. These microorganisms were added to a large-scale compost mixture to
accelerate degradation of organic matter. Results indicated 20 and 38%
decreases of organic matter in the sole
utilization of Streptomyces sp. K1P07
and ternary utilization at the end of 14 days. Escherichia and Enterococcus inhibited
degradation in the case of binary utilization. Isolation of microorganisms from
the original flora of the compost mixture had accelerated composting due to
interaction among themselves. Member of Actinomycetes, in particular, was shown
to be effective even in the case of sole utilization. Higher amounts of
biomass-oriented wastes could be removed since composting would be terminated
in shorter times with the use of these microorganisms.
RETOS ANTE LA LECTURA DE UN LIBRO ACORDEÓN SIN PALABRAS: Alter-Nativo
Authors: Mociño-González Isabel
Published: October 2018

La dimensión material del libro, la centralidad de la imagen y las estrategias de interacción inherentes a la lectura han marcado las líneas de experimentación del mercado editorial en los últimos años. Este fenómeno adquiere especial relevancia en el álbum ilustrado, situado en muchos casos en una posición de intersección entre la literatura infantil y la de adultos. Observando productos culturales que rompen las fronteras entre ambos sistemas literarios, se percibe el hibridismo de lenguajes, que condicionan la lectura y abren nuevas perspectivas. Estudiamos como ejemplo paradigmático Alter-Nativo, un libro acordeón, un álbum sin palabras, un cómic silente, un viaje por los clásicos de la literatura universal y una reflexión sobre la identidad. Una obra que propicia múltiples niveles de lectura, encarna numerosas potencialidades educativas y promueve un intenso juego de construcción de sentidos, en función del intertexto del lector.
GRANDES CLÁSSICOS EM VERSÕES MINI: O CASO DE O LIVRO DA SELVA, DE RUDYARD KIPLING
Authors: Silva Sara Raquel Duarte Reis da
Published: October 2018

Uma das tendências contemporâneas da literatura para a infância consiste no boom de edições nascidas da transformação de narrativas clássicas universais, quer pertencentes ao acervo tradicional oral, quer de autor, muitas até originalmente publicadas, não tendo como destinatário extratextual, o leitor infanto-juvenil. Predominam objectos adaptados, com uma nova roupagem e cuja configuração verbal, visual e gráfica, denunciando uma intencional interactividade, sensorialidade e ludicidade, faz prever um receptor coincidente com a criança que ainda não lê ou que dá os primeiros passos na leitura. A História da recepção da obra O Livro da Selva (1894), de Rudyard Kipling (Bombaim, Índia 1865-Londres, Reino Unido, 1936) e, muito particularmente, os cinco volumes que compõem o corpus textual deste estudo, adaptações para pré-leitores do clássico em pauta, atestam a linha criativa enunciada, revestindo-se de particular relevância na primeira infância.
Varicela en un lactante
Authors: Nakandakari Mayron D. , De La Rosa Dyanne N. , Arias José
Published: October 2018

.
Estado nutricional en una población pediátrica de una zona rural de Cusco, Perú
Authors: Monterroso-Cusihuallpa Cristhiam , Rondón-Abuhadba Evelina Andrea , Atamari- Anahui Noé , Llallicuna-Quiñones Jhonatan Julio
Published: October 2018

.
Synopsis of a New Taxonomic Synthesis of Montiaceae (Portulacineae) Based on Rational Metadata Analysis, with Critical New Insights on Historically Poorly Understood Taxa and a Reevaluation of Historical Biogeography
Authors: Hershkovitz Mark
Published: October 2018

Montiaceae (Portulacineae) comprise a clade of at least 270 species primarily of western America and Australia. This work uses existing phylogenetic metadata to elaborate a new cladistic taxonomic synthesis, and clarifies morphological circumscriptions of several poorly known species. A total of 21 taxa are validated, seven new and 14 necessary nomenclatural recombinations). Hypotheses of Montiaceae historical biogeography and phenotypic evolution are evaluated in light of recent metadata.
Cosmic-Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory: Status and Perspectives
Authors: Gora Dariusz
Published: October 2018

The Cosmic-Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory (CREDO) is a project dedicated to global studies of extremely extended cosmic-ray phenomena, the cosmic-ray ensembles (CRE), beyond the capabilities of existing detectors and observatories. Up to date cosmic-ray research has been focused on detecting single air showers, while the search for ensembles of cosmic-rays, which may overspread a significant fraction of the Earth, is a scientific terra incognita. Instead of developing and commissioning a completely new global detector infrastructure, CREDO proposes approaching the global cosmic-ray analysis objectives with all types of available detectors, from professional to pocket size, merged into a worldwide network. With such a network it is possible to search for evidences of correlated cosmic-ray ensembles. One of the observables that can be investigated in CREDO is a number of spatially isolated events collected in a small time window which could shed light on fundamental physics issues. The CREDO mission and strategy requires active engagement of a large number of participants, also non-experts, who will contribute to the project by using common electronic devices (e.g. smartphones). In this note the status and perspectives of the project is presented.
Safety Evaluation of Absorbent Hygiene Pads: a Review on Assessment Framework and Test Methods
Authors: Bae Jihyun , Kwon Hoonjeong , Kim Jooyoun
Published: October 2018

Disposable absorbent hygiene products have evolved for superior performance, enhancing the convenience of daily lives. Yet the use of disposable hygiene pads has brought safety concerns on chemical exposure, and significant efforts have been made to assess the potential risks associated with use of hygiene pads. This article intends to overview the safety assessment framework of diapers and feminine pads, which includes hazard identification, hazard characterization, exposure assessment, risk characterization, and postmarket risk management. Risk assessment of various constituents are reviewed for quantification methods and conservative estimation of exposure parameters. By reviewing the up-to-date considerations in risk assessment, we aim to provide insightful discussion on safety evaluation of current versions of disposable absorbent products. More clinical testing and postmarket surveillance are needed for continuous monitoring of potential health impacts of advanced products and constituents.
A Democratic Method and Index to Rationalize Authorship Decisions and Determine the Order of Authors
Authors: Schmidt Thorsten
Published: October 2018

Disputes on authorships or the order of authors on publications are among the most common conflicts in science, particularly where multi-author papers have become the norm. Here, I propose an adaptable and generalizable method to rationalize and democratize decisions about authorships, which can be applied in diverse scientific areas. In the process, the authors of a manuscript collect, discuss, score, and weight their contributions to the final manuscript. The decision process is assisted by a simple spreadsheet-based “authorship matrix”, which helps to break down the complexity of different contributions and their importance. The matrix generates a score s describing the percentage of the author’s total contributions and can be used to determine authorship and their order. The transparency and simplicity score s can reduce conflicts and thus increase productivity in collaborations.
MENCARI FAKTOR-FAKTOR PSIKIS PENYEBAB TERJADINYA DYSCALCULIA
Authors: Sumadji Sumadji
Published: October 2018

Faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan belajar jumlahnya banyak. Faktor IQ dan faktor bersifat fisik dan eksternal sudah banyak diteliti oleh berbagai pihak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari faktor-faktor psikis yang menjadi penyebab terjadinya dyscalculia (kesulitan belajar matematika) di kalangan mahasiswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Universitas Kanjuruhan Malang pada program studi pendidikan matematika. Subyek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa yang menempuh matakuliah KPB pada semester genap tahun 2016/2017 sebanyak 36 orang. Kuliah tersebut diampu sendiri oleh peneliti. Instrumen UTS dan UAS telah valid dan reliabel diambil dari dokumen bank soal dengan melakukan sedikit modifikasi. Angket yang digunakan terdiri atas 11 butir mewakili faktor-faktor psikis selain IQ. Satu faktor diantaranya dikembangkan menjadi tiga butir. Validitas dan reliabilitas angketdianalisis berbantuan program SPSS 16.0. Adanya gangguan dyscalculia dapat diketahui dari kinerja mahasiswa pada lembar UTS dan UAS. Taraf kesulitan dibedakan atas tiga kategori yaitu kesulitan ringan, sedang, dan berat. Setelah diketahui adanya gangguan dyscalculia, maka untuk mengetahui faktor psikis penyebabnya digunakan angket. Untuk mendalami masalah penyebab, penulis melakukan wawancara dengan 6 butir pertanyaan terbuka terhadap 10 responden dipilih secara proporsional dari mahasiswa terindikasi dyscalculia bertaraf sedang dan berat. Hasil dari penelitian adalah semua mahasiswa terindikasi mengalami dyscalculia dengan rincian taraf ringan 3%, taraf sedang 28% dan berat 69%. Mahasiswa yang merasa ‘ingatan/kemampuannya kurang’ dalam memahami KPB berjumlah 92,6%, ‘kurang/sulit fokus’ terhadap materi kuliah 63% dan mahasiswa yang cukup percaya diri tetapi “cukup malu” dan “agak cemas” ketika kuliah, tes atau presentasi sebanyak 59,3%.
Large fluctuations of the KPZ equation in a half-space
Authors: Krajenbrink Alexandre , Le Doussal Pierre
Published: October 2018

We investigate the short-time regime of the KPZ equation in
1+11+1
dimensions and develop a unifying method to obtain the height
distribution in this regime, valid whenever an exact solution exists in
the form of a Fredholm Pfaffian or determinant. These include the
droplet and stationary initial conditions in full space, previously
obtained by a different method. The novel results concern the droplet
initial condition in a half space for several Neumann boundary
conditions: hard wall, symmetric, and critical. In all cases, the height
probability distribution takes the large deviation form
P(H,t) \sim \exp( - \Phi(H)/\sqrt{t})P(H,t)∼exp(−Φ(H)/t)
for small time. We obtain the rate function
\Phi(H)Φ(H)
analytically for the above cases. It has a Gaussian form in the center
with asymmetric tails, |H|^{5/2}|H|5/2
on the negative side, and H^{3/2}H3/2
on the positive side. The amplitude of the left tail for the half-space
is found to be half the one of the full space. As in the full space
case, we find that these left tails remain valid at all times. In
addition, we present here (i) a new Fredholm Pfaffian formula for the
solution of the hard wall boundary condition and (ii) two Fredholm
determinant representations for the solutions of the hard wall and the
symmetric boundary respectively.
An evaluation and comparison of Value at Risk and Expected Shortfall
Authors: Burdorf Tom , van Vuuren Gary
Published: October 2018

As a risk measure, Value at Risk (VaR) is neither sub-additive nor coherent. These drawbacks have coerced regulatory authorities to introduce and mandate Expected Shortfall (ES) as a mainstream regulatory risk management metric. VaR is, however, still needed to estimate the tail conditional expectation (the ES): the average of losses that are greater than the VaR at a significance level These two risk measures behave quite differently during growth and recession periods in developed and emerging economies. Using equity portfolios assembled from securities of the banking and retail sectors in the UK and South Africa, historical, variance-covariance and Monte Carlo approaches are used to determine VaR (and hence ES). The results are back-tested and compared, and normality assumptions are tested. Key findings are that the results of the variance covariance and the Monte Carlo approach are more consistent in all environments in comparison to the historical outcomes regardless of the equity portfolio regarded. The industries and periods analysed influenced the accuracy of the risk measures; the different economies did not.
Antifibrotic therapy of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: efficiency / safety ratio
Authors: Avdeev S. N. , Trushenko N. V.
Published: October 2018

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia that is characterized by a steadily progressive course and poor prognosis. The worsening pulmonary fibrosis resulting in honeycomb lungs accounts for the deterioration of clinical symptoms and functional status in patients with IPF. Today, the drugs with anti-fibrotic properties are recommend as a drug therapy for IPF. The article provides information on the efficacy and safety of this therapy as well as practical guidelines on the management of patients with IPF receiving such therapy.
Mild asthma: from paradoxes to therapy optimization
Authors: Fassakhov R. S.
Published: October 2018

Exacerbations of bronchial asthma are specific not only for severe, but also for mild disease course. Analysis of the causes revealed paradoxes in the treatment that contribute to the uncontrolled course of mild asthma. A promising direction is the use of combination drugs containing a early-onset beta-2-agonist and inhaled glucocorticosteroid, which can significantly improve adherence to treatment and significantly improve control and reduce the number of exacerbations. The review discusses in detail the merits of the combination drug SabaComb, its place in the recommendations for the treatment of mild asthma.
Severe eosinophilic asthma: therapeutic potential of Reslizumab
Authors: Fassakhov R. S.
Published: October 2018

The review discusses the problems associated with the treatment of patients with severe resistant to therapy asthma: prevalence, socio-economic burden, impact on quality of life. The phenotype of bronchial asthma with eosinophilic inflammation, frequency of occurrence, clinical features, and modern approaches to therapy are discussed in detail, including the use of a drug of monoclonal antibodies against interleukin 5-reslizumab.
The influence of large foundation arrangement on underwater radiated noise of underwater vehicle engine compartment
Authors: Zhiyun Xu , Chaojun Liu , Weicai Peng
Published: October 2018

Mechanical vibration is the main noise source of underwater vehicle. The foundation of the main power is an important pathway of mechanical noise. Large size foundation of the power not only affects the vibration transmitted from the power to the hull structure, but also affects the vehicle shell radiation area and radiation efficiency, thus affecting the radiation noise of underwater vehicle. Based on the study of the influence of the large size foundation arrangement on the radiated noise of underwater vehicles, two new types of foundation arrangement were proposed. The foundation could meet the requirements on the acoustic performance, and could greatly reduce the radiation surface area of the shell and reduce the radiated Sound Pressure. To the power compartment general layout and support function, three foundation layout schemes such as continuous style, large span style and bulkhead support style in the typical excitation of power equipment were designed. Further way, far field underwater radiation noise of the compartment was numerically calculated. The results show that bulkhead support style can effectively reduce underwater acoustic radiation of the compartment shell on the premise of the meet the weight control and impedance characteristics.
The optimization analysis on the vibration control of cylindrical shell with dynamic vibration absorber attached
Authors: Zhang Junjie
Published: October 2018

The vibration control of cylindrical shell with dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) periodically and non-periodically attached is investigated. The coupled equations of cylindrical shell-DVA are established at first, and then the method to solve the equations is deduced. Parameters and coordinates of DVA are optimized to get the minimum mean square velocity (MSV) of cylindrical shell. Research results show that: (1) for DVA attached to cylindrical shell periodically, the number of DVA should be moderate, cannot be more or less; (2) the vibration reduction with DVA non-periodical arrangement attached to shell is better than that of periodical arrangement
Calculation of static transmission errors associated with thermo-elastic coupling contacts of spur gears
Authors: Wang Hao , Li Zhengminqing , Zhang Bohan , Zhu Rupeng
Published: October 2018

The static transmission error is one of the key incentives of gear dynamics and addressed by many scholars. However, the traditional calculation method of static transmission errors of spur gears does not take into account the influence of thermo-elastic coupling caused by the gear temperature field, and it limits the accuracy of the dynamic characteristic analysis. Thus, in this study, the calculation method of static transmission errors associated with thermo-elastic coupling is proposed. Furthermore, the differences between static transmission errors associated with thermo-elastic coupling contacts and traditional method of gear is discussed. The study is helpful to improve the accuracy of dynamic analysis of gear transmission system.
Experimental study on the generated pyroshock level under different amount of explosive
Authors: Wang Jingcheng , Li Yanhua , Wen Yuquan
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the amount of explosive on generated pyroshock of a typical igniter. In this study, pyrotechnic experiments of the igniter are performed. The output pressure is measured with a pressure transducer while acceleration data is obtained using piezoelectric accelerometers. Finally, the effects of the amount of explosive on the generated pyroshock are discussed based on results in time and frequency domain. Results show that the relation between the amount of explosive and peak pressure of typical igniter shows good agreement with Nobel-Abel equation of state (EOS). Moreover, peak acceleration and SRS both show an approximate linear growth with increased amount of explosive.
Acoustic test facility at Tianjin spacecraft AIT center of China
Authors: Li Xinming , Zhang Wenbing , Fang Guiqian , Zhang Jungang
Published: October 2018

The China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) designs and builds a new world-class Assembly, Integration and Test Center (AITC) at Tianjin, China. Modal, vibration and acoustic test facilities are built to support the future environmental testing needs of China space station program. The Reverberation Acoustic Test Facility (RATF) is about 4000 m3 in volume and can achieved an empty chamber acoustic overall sound pressure level (OASPL) higher than 156 dB. It is the largest acoustic facility in Asia. Beijing Institute of spacecraft Environment Engineering (BISEE) started its design and construction work from 2012 and put it into use at October of 2015. The RATF will provide an efficient support for environment testing needs of China and world’s space program in the future.
Research on interface slippage of fiber reinforced composite ceramics
Authors: Du Zhihong , Ni Xinhua , Liu Xiequan , Cao Hongna , Yu Jinfeng , Xiao Qiang
Published: October 2018

Based on the microscopic characteristics of fiber reinforced composite ceramics, the slippage stress at the interface of composite ceramics under external loading is analyzed. The relation between the applied strain of the triangular symmetrical eutectic and the load of composite ceramics is confirmed. And the maximum shear stress that the triangular symmetrical eutectic can endure is computed. The yield shear stress was calculated by the hardness and fracture toughness of composite ceramics. When the maximum shear stress which the triangular symmetrical eutectic can bear is equal to the yield shear stress, the slipping stress of micro-mechanical interface in composite ceramics is obtained. The results showed that fiber inclusions in the eutectic having smaller dimension and larger volume content would provide larger partial plastic deformation of composite ceramics.
Finite element analysis of spherical ultrasonic motor using wire stator with support structure on waveguide
Authors: Wang Fulin , Nishizawa Uichi , Tanaka Hideki , Toyama Shigeki
Published: October 2018

The authors are developing multi degree of freedom micro spherical ultrasonic motor using wire stator for vascular endoscope. Spherical ultrasonic motor with 20 times model is used to confirm the driving characteristics as experimental equipment. Wire stator is designed by assuming the introduction to a vascular endoscope and transient response analysis is performed by the finite element method compared with 20 times model. In this study, the authors improve new support structure on waveguide and investigate new influence of the attenuation of the traveling wave transmitted on the wire stator by analyzing and changing the condition of the model. In the future, the authors will measure the amplitude of the wire stator by experiment and verify the accuracy of the simulation.
Experimental study of guided waves propagation characteristics under the changing temperatures
Authors: Yan Xixi , Qiu Lei , Yuan Shenfang
Published: October 2018

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) plays an important role in ensuring the safe use of aerospace, architecture and other fields. At present, SHM based on piezoelectric and guided waves is a hot spot for real-time monitoring and nondestructive testing. However, the effect of environmental temperatures may mask the signal changes caused by damage and lead to failure of guided wave SHM methods. In this paper, the influence mechanism of the changing temperatures on the propagation characteristics of the guided wave is analyzed. Piezoelectric constants changed with the changing temperatures due to the amplitude variation of the guided wave with the changing temperatures. The effect of temperature on material properties of the plate structures will result in the influence of the guided wave propagation speed. An experiment is performed to study the propagation characteristics of the guided wave on an aluminium plate under changing temperatures. The experimental results indicate that the temperature can change the guide wave amplitude and velocity. At the same time, the temperature effect has the same variation trend at different frequencies, and the slopes of the linear fitting of the propagation characteristics of guided waves with the changing temperatures are also almost consistent.
To the modeling of processes with repeated damped collisions
Authors: Krupenin Vitaly
Published: October 2018

The problem of calculating and analyzing vibro-impact processes with bounce in two colliding subsystems is considered. The nature of these processes depends on the adopted models of energy dissipation and the design features of the colliding objects. A method for constructing the laws of motion is presented, based on the technique of averaging in vibro-impact systems. Examples are given. The determining role of energy dissipation models is shown. The results can be used, for example, in the calculation and analysis of specific phenomena that arise in the elements of switching devices, as well as in many other systems whose operation is accompanied by repeated damped collisions.
Optimization of critical speed of double spools with reverse rotation
Authors: Shi Ze-gao , Luo Gui-huo , Wang Fei
Published: October 2018

Under the requirement of high speed, high pressure ratio and high thrust weight ratio, more and more aircraft engines adopt counter rotating technology. In this model, the F135 engine is used to research the dynamic characteristics of a dual rotor system with four supports supported by an intermediary. In this paper, the critical speed of the system is solved by the direct method. Compared with the Campell diagram, the eigenvalue problem of the required solution is greatly reduced. The critical speed is optimized by using genetic algorithm. Moreover, when the constraint of frequency forbidden zone is more severe, the elitist preserving genetic algorithm is used, which greatly reduces the required convergence algebra.
Integrated Transcriptome Analysis of microRNA and mRNA in Mouse Skin Derived Precursors (SKPs) and SKP Derived Fibroblast (SFBs) by RNA-Seq
Authors: Zhou Rongying , Mao Yujie , Xiong Lidan , Li Li
Published: October 2018

Background:

Skin-derived precursors (SKPs) display the characteristics of self-renewal
and multilineage differentiation.

Objective:

The study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of mouse SKPs differentiation into
SKP-derived fibroblasts (SFBs).

Methods:

We compared the microRNA (miRNA) profile in mouse SKPs and SFBs by RNA sequencing.
Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate the
miRNA expression. The integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression data was performed to
explore the potential crosstalk of miRNA-mRNA in SKP differentiation.

Results:

207 differentially expressed miRNAs and 835 miRNA target genes in the gene list of integrated
mRNA expression profiling were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed
that cell differentiation and cell proliferation process were significantly enriched. Kyoto Encyclopedia
of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed the target genes were significantly most
enriched in the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, cancer pathways and axon guidance signaling
pathway. The most upregulated and downregulated target genes were involved in the Wnt, Notch, cytokine-
cytokine receptor interaction, TGF-β, p53 and apoptotic signaling pathway. The miRNAmRNA
regulatory networks and 507 miRNA-mRNA pairs were constructed. Seven miRNAs (miR-
486-3p, miR-504-5p, miR-149-3p, miR-31-5p, miR-484, miR-328-5p and miR-22-5p) and their target
genes Wnt4, Dlx2, Sema4f, Kit, Kitl, Inpp5d, Igfbp3, Prdm16, Sfn, Irf6 and Clu were identified as
miRNA-mRNA crosstalk pairs.

Conclusion:

These genes and signaling pathways might control SKPs proliferation and SKPs differentiation
into SFBs during the process of SKPs differentiation, which might promote the application of
SKPs in the clinical treatment of skin-related diseases by regulating SKPs proliferation and SKPs differentiation.
Effect of Geographical and Seasonal Variations on Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Aerial Parts of Urtica diocia L.
Authors: Gautam Vinod Kumar , Datta Mannu , Baldi Ashish
Published: October 2018

Background:

Environmental conditions affect the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
as a result of biotic and abiotic factors. In the present study, the effect of different
geographical locations and season was studied on total phenolic and flavonoid contents extracted
from Urtica dioica Linn.

Methodology:

The aerial parts of U. dioica collected from Palampur, Shimla and
Dharamshala in different seasons were subjected to hydro-alcoholic extraction. Quantitative
estimation of total phenolic and flavonoid contents in various extracts was carried out spectrophotometrically.

Results:

The highest amount of total phenolic (3.987± 0.130) and flavonoid contents
(2.847± 0.341) was found in Palampur sample collected in summer season whereas sample
collected from Dharamshala in spring season showed the least phenolic contents. In vitro
antioxidant activity of all the samples was evaluated by DPPH, NO scavenging and FRPA
method. The antioxidant potential was found maximum in the sample collected from
Palampur in the summer season, however, the sample collected from Dharamshala in spring
season showed the least antioxidant potential.

Conclusion:

The present study confirms that altitude and seasonal variations significantly
affect the levels of secondary metabolites in plant parts.
The International Standards on Auditing as a convergence parameter between US GAAP and IFRS
Authors: Toudas Kanellos
Published: October 2018

The present study involves the US GAAP and IFRS accounting frameworks, and how these are evaluated by accounting professionals in four (4) European countries, two of which have been severely impacted by the global economic crisis (Greece and Portugal) and two that remained relatively strong during the period of the European economic crisis (France and Germany). The main purpose of the study is to point out that the economy of a country does indeed affect the perception of listed companies towards a potential convergence. The issues that arise are of interest of the global accounting and auditing community, as well as this study. Academic literature has not shown much interest in recent years. In contrast, the professional bibliography is very rich and has greatly enhanced the bibliographic review. The results of the quantitative study reveal that there are differences between the factors affecting a potential convergence at a country level, as well as at an economy level. Stronger economies seem to pay more attention to economic and regulatory factors, and weaker economies seem more reluctant towards coordination and cooperation in order for the convergence to be achieved.
Editorial Note
Authors: Datta Sudip , Kostyuk Alexander
Published: October 2018

Current issue of Corporate Ownership and Control presents articles spanning a wide spectrum of corporate finance and accounting topics that are of current interest and share the common thread of corporate governance and informational transparency. The articles cover topics ranging from the role of internal audit and financial statements (see the articles by Fenyves et al.; Cho; Eltweri et al.) to behavioral issue related to informational transparency (see the articles on gender-based information transparency by Doan and Iskandar Datta; and corporate governance and information disclosure in the Phillipines by Chantachaimongkol). Another article explores the effect of private equity on governance of Brazilian firms, while the Chen and Yur-Austin paper relates corporate governance mechanisms to pay-for-performance in U.S. technology firms.
Chitosan/zeolite composite membranes for the eliminating of trace metal ions in the evacuation permeability process
Authors: Truong Trang , Takaomi Kobayashi , Bui Ha
Published: October 2018

Chitosan was combined with zeolites into composite membranes reinforced with glutaraldehyde crosslinking. The zeolite loading in the composite membranes was varied in the range 10?50 %, and the resulting membrane loading was varied at around 50 wt. %. The zeolite-loaded membranes showed better mechanical properties. The elimination of trace metal cations, Cr, As, Cd and Pb, by the chitosan?zeolite composite membranes was examined through the evacuation permeation process (EPP). In the permeability at each applied pressure, the selectivity of the composite membranes to the Cr ion was shown in the order of Cr > As > Cd > Pb at pH 5.5. It was noticed that the composite membrane with 20 wt. % zeolite loading showed the highest performance in the adsorption selectivity to the Cr cations. These results reveal the potential ability of the composite membrane to purify wastewater by removal of trace metal ions.