bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotions as a sponucal component of using rough language
Authors: Shyrokoradiuk Liliia
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the peculiarities of the correlation between using rough language and emotional sphere of personality. Theoretical background of our research is scientific principles of some scientists: V. Viluinas, O. Luria, O. Leontiev, V. Tatenko, K. Izard, L. Stavytska, A. Buss, and A. Baron. It has been discovered that emotions cause rough language directly and indirectly through in combination with biased position, destructive beliefs, aggressive intentions, and the desire of assert themselves. Such emotions as irritability, anger, abuse, hatred, aversion, disgust determine rough language directly.Negative emotions provoke a status of nervous-emotional tension, which is removed via rough language. The psychological mechanism of a correlation between negative emotions and rough language is considered. Rough language, which is using for the purpose of a verbal attack, is as a result of internalization of aggressive actions. It has been experimentally proved that students, who use rough language, are under the action of language stereotypes, can’t identify and respect others’ emotions, control their emotional condition, to act without bad language in acute conflict situations, and believe that such language activity is permissible at the present time.The data of our study shows that rough language, as an essential sign and symbol of individual maturation, becomes personal, purposeful in adolescence; negatively influences on the formation of the image of “I” as a subjective core of the personality, which complicates adaptation and socialization; causes revealing inhumane behavior styles; distorts the future life scenario of a growing personality. The perspectives of further researches concern discovering social and psychological factors of a phenomenon of school bullying, improving preventive and correctional practices in order to creating safe and comfortable educational environment.
Perancangan Alat Bantu Pemanfaatan Gas Buang dari Proses Melting Recycle untuk Memanaskan Chips sebelum Masuk Melting Furnace
Authors: Maulana Ilham Taufik
Published: June 2020

Melting recycle merupakan proses pemisahan logam pengotor yang bersifat feromagnetik, dan proses peleburan aluminium chips menjadi logam aluminium cair. Aluminium Chips adalah aluminium padat berbentuk serpihan hasil proses permesinan CNC. Akan tetapi dalam proses pengeringan ini masih memiliki suatu kendala, yaitu temperatur aluminium chips yang masuk ke proses peleburan di melting furnace terlalu rendah, sehingga beberapa chips tidak bisa melt dan terbakar menjadi abu ketika chips dilebur di melting furnace. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh performa burner yang tidak maksimal. Dirancanglah alat yang mampu meningkatkan temperatur aluminium chips sebelum masuk kedalam burner dengan memanfaatkan gas buang hasil dari proses melting recycle. Adapun perancangan ini dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak SolidWork 2014. Perancangan dengan menghitung konversi energi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi. Dari hasil perancangan maka didapatkan temperatur output pada pipa adalah = 333,43 ℃.
APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF CLINICAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR MEDICAL CARE OF PATIENTS WITH SYPMPOMS OF SUSPECTED CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19)
Authors: Dyachuk Dmitro D. , Zyukov Oleg L. , Oshyvalova Olena O. , Vovk Lidiia M. , Naumenko Oleksandr V. , Melnyk Nataliia Y. , Simak Igor M. , Chernii Tatiana V. , Biloshytska Oksana K.
Published: June 2020

Resume. Standardization occupies a leading position in the system of tools of quality management in health care. The urgency of counteracting the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses a task for health professionals to develop a standard of medical care.

The aim of the study. Development and implementation of a clinical route for a patient with acute respiratory syndrome, identified case of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) for health care facilities.

Material and methods. The State Scientific Institution "Scientific and Practical Center for Preventive and Clinical Medicine" of the State Administration has formed a clinical route of the patient in accordance with current legislation of Ukraine and modern scientific literary sources on relevant issues of coronavirus disease (COVID-19)prevention.

Results. The patient's clinical route is presented on 127 pages, which includes the organization of provision of medical care, a description of outpatient activities, emergency care, hospital care, 29 appendices, 10 flowcharts, 11 instructions and registers.

Conclusions.The clinical route of a patient with acute respiratory syndrome, identified case of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a new clinical and organizational document that is clinical managementtoolthat manages updates in accordance with current scientific developments and underpins an integrated approach to healthcare.
TO THE QUESTION OF ORGANISATION SCHOOL FEEDING
Authors: Merkulova T.V. , Peresypkina T.V. , Avdiievska O.H. , Cherniakova H.M.
Published: June 2020

Along with physical activity and psycho-emotional status, nutrition is one of the most important indicators of the quality of life, which affect the human body from the moment of birth to the last moments of life. The problem of inadequate nutrition and alimentary-dependent diseases is especially acute in school age. According to official statistical data diseases of the digestive system occupy a leading place among schoolchildren in all age categories.

Aim. Assessment of the prevalence of digestive diseases among schoolchildren, determination of the features of catering in educational institutions, study of the nutritional behavior of modern schoolchildren.

Materials and methods. Determining the structure of pathological lesions of schoolchildren according to the "Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine". Questioning of 588 parents of elementary school students of two schools in Kharkov on the nutritional behavior of children.

Results and discussion. According to official statistics in 2017 digestive diseases occupy the second ranking place among schoolchildren (7.9% among children 7-14 years old, 8.3% among teenagers 15-18 years old) and have tend to increase among teenagers in the dynamics of 5 years. One of the most likely important reasons for the deterioration of children's health is a violation of the nutritional structure and a decrease in its quality. So, (3.6 ± 0.8) % of primary schoolchildren eat only twice a day. Most children eat fish only once a week and 4.5% of schoolchildren have not eaten fish in the last 30 days. Only 43.4% of schoolchildren consume milk and dairy products daily. Assessment of the actual state of school feeding showed the inconsistency in the work of the medical service and teachers in the basic issues of its organization, quality control, distribution of duties and responsibilities.

Conclusions. There are high incidence rates for certain classes of diseases аmong school-age children, in particular the digestive system. A negative sign of schoolchildren’s eating behavior is the deficiency of basic nutrients in their daily diet in accordance with physiological needs. The modern state of catering in educational institutions necessitates the implementation of system monitoring of its quality, usefulness, safety, and the physiological needs of direct consumers.
STATE OF THE PLATELET HEMOSTASIS IN THE MIDDLE-AGED AND THE ELDERLY HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Pasko V. S.
Published: June 2020

It has long been known that complications of essential hypertension are associated mostly with disorders of blood coagulation system and degree of absolute risk of cardiovascular events is growing with increasing of age. That is why much attention is paid to more detailed study of mechanisms of thrombosis as the component of complications of essential hypertension through lens of hemostatic changes at present. Therefore, regulatory mechanisms of initiation of thrombus formation and participation of platelet hemostasis are studied in hypertensive patients insufficiently today.

The aim of the study was to identify the baseline levels of the platelet hemostasis indices in the middle-aged and the elderly hypertensive patients.

Material and methods. We performed the comparative assessment of status of the platelet hemostasis in 63 middle-aged (group I) and 53 elderly patients (group II) respectively to clarify this issue in our work. Patients of the surveyed groups were comparable in age, sex and related pathology. The control group consisted of 15 patients for every of the surveyed groups (group III the middle-aged and group IV the elderly respectively) matched with basic by age and gender.

Conclusions. Therefore, there is the increase in platelet activity depending on age in the middle-aged and the elderly hypertensive patients that is manifested by adrenaline stimulation most clearly. In addition, the most significant changes are determined in the spontaneous and the adrenaline-induced aggregation namely in amplitude and slope of aggregation in the spontaneous and time of maximal aggregation in the adrenaline-induced aggregation in the patients of older age group compared with the middle-aged patients. The substantial deceleration of time of maximal aggregation during the adrenaline stimulated aggregation in 1,6 times (p<0,001) in the elderly patients confirms the expressed thrombogenicity and sensitiveness to neurohumoral influences too. Thus, the blood plasma thrombogenicity revealed in the study of the platelet hemostasis in the elderly indicates a high probability of thrombotic complications developing in this category of the patients and this is consistent with literature.
Technological experiments of joint smelting of lead intermediate products, recycled materials and high-sulfur copper-zinc concentrate
Authors:   Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Dosmukhamedov N.K. , Zholdasbay E.E. ,   Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kurmanseitov M.B. ,   Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Argyn А.А. ,   Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Zheldibay М.А. ,   Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this work is to improve the technological indicators of the existing mine contractile smelting technology by joint smelting of intermediate products, recycled materials of lead production with high-sulfur copper-zinc concentrate. It is established that during the smelting of copper-zinc concentrate which is difficult to process, high selective extraction of copper into matte and zinc into slag is achieved in one stage. The method consisted in the joint smelting of lead intermediates and high-sulfur copper-zinc concentrate in an electric furnace at a temperature of 1250 ° C under conditions of sequential blowing of the melt with air, then with natural gas. It is established that when the melt is purged with air and natural gas for 20 minutes, an equilibrium distribution of metals between the melting products is achieved. It is shown that simultaneous use of copper-zinc concentrate as a sulfidizer reduces the content of copper and lead in slag, increases the extraction of arsenic and antimony into the dust. Consumption of coke and quartz flux is reduced in comparison with the existing technology from 6.7 to 2.5% and from 12.5 to 2.8% of the initial feed weight, respectively, which significantly reduces material and energy costs of the process. As a result of extensive laboratory testing, the optimum composition of the new charge has been selected. Metal distribution between smelting products of the new charge with addition of 30% of high-sulfur copper-zinc concentrate was established. High recovery of copper to the matte up to 94.8%, against 83.7% according to the existing technology; lead to the rough lead - up to 93.6%, against 70.8%; zinc to the slag - up to 94.7%, against 83.7%; arsenic to the dust - up to 91%, against 69.5% and antimony to the dust - up to 92.3%, against 60.0% according to the existing technology.
Cluster-associated viscosity model and methods for determining its parameters
Authors:   Abisheva Chemical and Metallurgical Institute, Makasheva А.М.
Published: June 2020

A detailed development of a hierarchical cluster-associate mathematical viscosity model is shown. The model is based on the equilibrium Boltzmann’s distribution and, therefore, is regarded as a chaosensitive property of a fluid inherent in it not only in motion but also at rest. In this model, the key characteristics are chaotic thermal barriers at the melting and boiling points, in connection with which the behavior of a liquid is determined by the action of three energy classes of particles – crystal-mobile, liquid-mobile, and vapor-mobile. An important single indicator in the new model depends on temperature and makes sense of the degree of association of clusters of crystal-mobile particles. The assignment of the activation energy of the viscous flow of melts determined by the Frenkel’s equation to the degree of cluster association gives a constant value commensurate with the binding energy of the van der Waals particle attractive forces. On this basis, the authors hypothesized that a viscous flow occurs due to the destruction of cluster associates while preserving the clusters themselves. To adapt the cluster-associate model to experimental data, certain data processing techniques have been developed to identify unknown model parameters. All calculations are illustrated on liquid lithium and have shown their high adequacy. Also added is a method for processing viscosity data using the entire set of viscosity data while maintaining two reference points and processing the rest to determine the degree of aggregation of associates.
Promising ways to increase raw material base of the chrome industry of the metallurgical industry of the Kazakhstan
Authors:   Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kuldeyev E.I. , Bondarenko I.V. ,   Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Temirova S.S. ,   Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2020

Various lumping technologies of finely dispersed chromite concentrates using charge roasting processes have been considered. In this respect, it was noted that the charge formulation used in the production does not provide the required strength of the produced pellets. The authors of the article propose the use of the well-known method for the ferrosilicon calcium fluxes (FSCF) synthesis with the replacement of Callovian clays with a composition based on diatomites and industrial and waste products of the Eurasian group (ERG) enterprises in order to increase the strength of pellets and agglomerate. This method enabled us to produce roasted pellets with high strength, to ensure the optimal ratio of components, to decrease the pellet roasting temperature by 150-200°C and to increase water resistance and congelation resistance. Technological parameters can be also improved by beneficiation of the source chromite raw material, effectively used by Turkish manufacturers of chrome products. One way to increase the chrome industry raw material base of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the involvement of the “12 Geophysical Deposit” into the processing of the industrial ore. However, the produced finely dispersed chromium concentrates require lumping followed by smelting in furnaces for ferrochrome. The high silica and iron content in the host rock of chromium concentrate enables to obtain strong pellets without additional additives.
CURRÍCULO E AVALIAÇÃO: CONCEPÇÕES, RELAÇÕES E REFLEXÕES
Authors: Ferreira Sergina Maria Xavier Falcão , Santos Vilma de Albuquerque , Rêgo Ana Maria da Cunha , Vieira Manuelle Patrícia Ramos
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo ampliar a discussão acerca da relação entre currículo e avaliação. Desde o processo da formação do currículo planejado e desenvolvido, como também refletir seu espaço no embiente escolar. Tendo em vista, que sua concepção se reflete nas práticas pedagógicas, influenciando o processo avaliativo. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica que tratou acerca da origem do conceito, dos desafios atuais e dos desafios da prática docente. Conclui-se que se faz necessário construir um currículo significativo, aberto ao novo e sempre pronto para ser reavaliado, como uma forma de pensar o mundo, um currículo vivo, onde as questões cotidianas apresentam-se como material de estudo e análise para toda a comunidade escolar,  e é nesse contexto de um currículo vivo e significativo que será possível formar cidadãos que atuem e se posicionem no mundo em quevivem.
SURVEY ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUES IN 5G NETWORKS
Authors: Abdellah A. , Koucheryavy A.
Published: June 2020

Research subject. Fifth-generation telecommunication networks are currently the determining direction of telecommunications development as a whole. At the same time, the complexity of the processes of functioning of fifth-generation telecommunication networks increases by an order of magnitude compared to existing networks. All this requires the use of new technologies, including artificial intelligence, to ensure the stable functioning of telecommunication networks. Method. System analysis. Core results. The scientific tasks for the fifth generation communication networks, in which the use of artificial intelligence seems appropriate, including machine and deep learning, are identified. Practical significance. The results of the work can be useful in the education process in the field of networks and telecommunication systems, as well as for setting new scientific tasks for PhD students.
THE MULTI-ACCESS EDGE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS FOR TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS
Authors: Kashkarov D. , Koucheryavy A.
Published: June 2020

Research subject. The article is devoted to the analysis of the applications and development the multi-access edge computing on fifth-generation and beyond telecommunication networks. Method. System analysis. Core results. The identification of development perspectives of a multi-access edge computing on fifth-generation and beyond telecommunication networks. Practical relevance. The results of the article can be used by scientific organizations when planning the development of telecommunication networks, as well as universities in the educational process.
Las cooperativas y el desarrollo rural latinoamericano
Authors: Carbonell de Masy Rafael
Published: June 2020

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La coyuntura económica de la provincia de Córdoba año 1985
Authors: Delgado Alvarez Manuel , Suarez Castro Ángel
Published: June 2020

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Pelatihan Pembuatan Yogurt di Panti Asuhan Anak
Authors: Yarza Husnin Nahry , Ritonga Rosi Feirina , Sari Prima Mutia
Published: June 2020

Yogurt merupakan minuman fermentasi yang kaya gizi dan menyehatkan untuk sistem pencernaan dan tubuh. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengarahkan masyarakat khususnya anak-anak yang ada di Panti Asuhan Anak Muhammadiyah PCM Kembangan untuk bisa berwirausaha dengan modal yang kecil dan dibutuhkan keterampilan. Metode pengabdian ini adalah survei, pendekatan pada pihak panti asuhan, pihak panti asuhan mengumpulkan siswa siswi yang dirasa perlu, pemberian pelatihan kepada siswi dan siswa. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat yakni anak- anak panti asuhan mengikuti rangkaian kegiatan dari penyampaian materi fermentasi, materi yogurt dan tata cara pembuatan yogurt sesuai dengan standar kebersihan dan steril agar dapat dijual. Anak-anak panti asuhan sudah mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan dengan seksama dan sudah bisa membuat yogurt sesuai dengan standar kesehatan. Anak-anak panti asuhan merupakan anak-anak dari kalangan menengah ke bawah. Dengan pelatihan ini diharapkan anak-anak dapat memiliki skill untuk membantu ekonomi keluarga..
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BOKASHI PUPUK KANDANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI BEBERAPA VARIETAS TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L)
Authors: Susi Salhan, SP, MP ,dan Zinatal hayati, SP Fivi Yedmi
Published: June 2020

Penelitian tentang pengaruh pemberian Bokashi pupuk kandang terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi beberapa varietas tanaman jagung (Zea Mays L), penelitian ini dilaksanakanan pada bulan februari sampai mei 2012, yang bertempat di sungai Salak Kecamatan Tempuling Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir.

Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang disusun secara faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor B adalah Bokashi pupuk kandang yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu BO (tanpa pemberian bokashi  pupuk kandang) B1 (5 ton/ha) dan B2 (10 ton/ha), serta B3 (15 ton/ha)  sedanglan faktor v adalah varietas yang terdiri dari 3 taraf  yaitu V1 (pioneer), V2 (N 35), dan V3 (NT 10).

Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan basah, berat brangkasan kering, berat tongkol pertanaman  sampel, diameter tongkol, produksi per plot, dan berat 100 biji. Selanjutnya data yang diperoleh diolah secara statistik, apabila F hitung lebih besar dari F tabel dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut tukey HSD pada taraf 5%.

Hasil penelitian meenunjukan bahwa interaksi bokashi pupu kandang dan varietas berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat tongkol dan produksi per plot, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap terhadap tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, 1000 biji. Untuk perlakuan bokashi pupuk kandang secara tunggal berpengaruh nayata terhadap diameter tongkol, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ketujuh, berat brangkasan basah, berat brangkasan kering, berat tongkol, produksi per plot serta berat 1000 biji., akan tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dengan tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan kering, dan diameter tongkol. Varietas terbaik adalah NT10

Kata kunci: Bokashi Pupuk Kandang Varietas, Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jagung.
Myocardial ischemia in neonate with perinatal asphyxia
Authors: Sachan Ravi , Agrawal Amit
Published: June 2020

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Myocardial ischemia in neonate with perinatal asphyxia: Electrocardiographic, echocardiographic and enzymatic correlation
Authors: Merchant Saira , Meshram Rajkumar M , Khairnar Devendra
Published: June 2020

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the presence and severity of cardiac involvement in asphyxiated neonates and to established which clinical and laboratory parameters (electrocardiogram [ECG], echocardiography [ECHO], and cardiac enzyme) are reliable predictors of myocardial ischemia. Design: Nested case–control study. Setting: Neonatology unit of tertiary care institute. Materials and Methods: The study group consist of 90 term neonates who had APGAR score <7 at 5 min as cases and 90 term neonate who had APGAR score >9 at 5 min as controls. On the 2nd day of life (between 24 and 36 h), all neonate underwentECG, ECHO, and enzyme estimation (CK-MB). Result: The cases were divided into three groups according to SARNAT scale andGroup I consist 25, Group II - 54, and Group - III, 11 neonates. The mean gestational age was 36.97±0.35 and 37.12±0.46 week for cases and controls respectively while mean birth weight was 2.79±0.36 kg and 2.68±0.76 kg for cases and controls, respectively. ECG changes were present in 70 (77.7%) of cases. ECG changes of Grade 3 and 4 were present in only Group III neonates and all neonates with Grade 4 changes were died in 1st week of life. Fractional shortening (FS) decreased progressively from Group I to Group III (p<0.001) and showed a significant difference between cases and controls as well as in different groups except in controls versus Group I. Peak aortic velocity behaved similarly. Concerning mean acceleration, the significant difference wasobserved between control and cases (all 3 groups). CK-MB activity increased from Group I to Group III and statistically significant difference was seen in controls and different Groups as well as in between different groups except in Controls versus Group I. Conclusion: Severe ECG changes (Grades 3 and 4), CK-MB elevation and reduced FS can be considered as reliable marker of myocardial ischemia in perinatal asphyxia.
Hypernatremia and excessive weight loss in exclusively breastfed term infants in early neonatal period
Authors: Samayam Purnima , Ravichander B
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Newborn infants lose weight in the first week of life. There is an increasing recognition of hypernatremia and it’s complications in exclusively breastfed newborns. Early recognition of critical weight loss, signs, and symptoms of dehydration and hypernatremia are keys to prevent morbidity and mortality in these neonates. Objectives: To identify term neonates with excessive weight loss >10% of birth weight and to compare their serum sodium levels with levels in babies with weight loss <10% of birth weight. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on healthy full-term exclusively breastfed newborns delivered in a rural tertiary hospital. The primary outcome was the proportion of newborn infants with loss >10% of birth weight at day 5 and serum sodium levels in these babies. Results: Weight loss >10% of the birth weight was seen in 6.22% of term babies. The mean weight loss in this group was 360.14±81.82 g in comparison to 141.32±67.78 g in rest of the babies. Serum sodium >149 meq/L was seen in three neonates in excess weight loss group, i.e., 1.33% of neonates in the study. The mean serum sodium was higher in babies with excess weight loss (141.71±4.39 vs. 139.74±2.32 mEq/L, p=0.0045). Conclusion: About 6.22% of exclusively breastfed term neonates had excessive weight loss and serum sodium levels were higher in these babies with than those with weight loss <10% of birth weight. Neonates with excessive weight loss need more cautious follow-up for early recognition of potential hypernatremia and its complications.
Umbilical coiling index as a marker of perinatal outcome: An analytical study at Navodaya Medical College, Raichur
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Chetty Sanjeev
Published: June 2020

Objectives: To measure the umbilical coiling index (UCI) postnatally and to study its association with adverse antenatal and perinatal outcome. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the department of pediatrics at Navodaya Medical College, Raichur, Karnataka, from June to July 2016. 200 patients who were in active labor irrespective of their parities, who had singleton pregnancies with live babies who were either delivered by vaginal, instrumental, or lower segmental cesarean section were included in the study and multiple pregnancies, malpresentations, previously diagnosed intrauterine device, and elective cesarean section were excluded. UCI was calculated at the time of delivery by dividing the total number of coils by the total umbilical cord length in centimeters. Its association with various maternal and perinatal risk factors was noted. The statistical tests were the Chi-square test and assessed with EPI Info Version 12.0 software and statistically analyzed. Results: The mean UCI was 0.25±0.03. Hypocoiling or UCI <10th percentile (<0.11) was found to be significantly associated with low APGAR at 1 min and 5 min, meconium stained liquor (MSL), abruption, abnormal fetal heart rate (FHR), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, low birth weight, and intrauterine growth restriction. Hypercoiling or UCI >90th percentile (>0.37) was found to be associated withpregnancy-induced hypertension, preterm, diabetes mellitus, postpartum hemorrhage, polyhydramnios, NICU admission, abnormal FHR, MSL, and low APGAR at 1 min. Conclusion: Abnormal UCI is associated with several antenatal and perinatal adverse features.
Study to evaluate the effectiveness of coagulation factor concentrate prophylaxis in children with severe hemophilia
Authors: Udayakumar S , Pushpalatha K , Vinayaka K , Sushma C , Swathi P M
Published: June 2020

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of prophylaxis with coagulation factor concentrates VIII/IX (FVII/IX) in children with severe hemophilia A/B, respectively. Materials and Methods: Retrospective observational study was done on children enrolled in our hemophilia clinic, who initially received “on demand” therapy and were on prophylaxis with factor VIII/IX concentrate at the time of the study. The study group consisted of 8 children. Annual hemarthrosis rate (AHR) over a period of 1-year during on demand therapy was compared with AHR during a period of 1-year on prophylaxis with FVIII/IX. Results: There was reduction in AHR by 87% in hemophilia A and 85% in hemophilia B during prophylaxis compared to on demand therapy. There was a significant reduction in hemarthrosis/patient/year from 2.5 to 0.3 on prophylaxis with factor concentrate compared to on demand therapy. There was also reduction in other bleeding manifestation like psoas muscle bleed, oral bleeds, epistaxis, and number of target joints involved. Conclusion: Prophylaxis with coagulation factor concentrate significantly reduces the AHR, and hence, decreases the disability associated with it compared to “on demand” therapy.
Social determinants of morbidity during infancy: Results from a cross-sectional study in rural areas of Assam, India
Authors: Baruah Rupali , Borah Madhur
Published: June 2020

Background: Assam, one of the seven North Eastern states of India has achieved the highest decline in maternal and child mortality compared to other states, still neonatal mortality and infant mortality rates are very high. Apart from other causes, certain social factors unique to Indian subcontinent are also responsible for high mortality and morbidity among children here. Objectives: To know the prevailing morbidity conditions among the infants and to assess the social determinants of morbidity of infants in rural areas of Assam. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted among 250 rural families having an infant in each family. The primary caregiver was interviewed using pre-tested semi-structured interview schedules and investigators also clinically evaluate the index child for any morbidity. Data collected regarding various sociodemographic variables of the family, morbidity status of the infant and also the environmental variables relevant to the study were analyzed tabulated and percentages, and proportions were calculated. Chi-square test was done to see the relationship between the factors. Results: The study observed that prevalence of teenage mothers was high (32.4%). Most of the mothers were primipara (41.2%), and were belonging to nuclear families of lower socioeconomic strata (57%). In our study, acute respiratory infections (33.3%), fever (24.6%), and diarrhea (21.7%) were found to be the most common morbidities among infants. Statistically significant association was also found between morbidity of infants and male gender (p=0.003) and numbers of siblings (p=0.005), use of sanitary water source (p=0.001), and excreta disposal (p=0.001). Conclusion: This study observed that social factors which influence infant morbidity included male gender and numbers of siblings, use of sanitary water source and excreta disposal, less education of mothers, less family income, and lower social class of the family.
An evaluation of primary immunization coverage among 12-23 months old children in an urban area of Western Maharashtra: A community-based study
Authors: Jatti G M , Bandichhode S T , Nandimath V A , Jadhav S B
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Immunization is a process whereby a person is made immune to infectious diseases. In 1985, Universal Immunization Programme started in India with the aim of achieving at least 85% coverage of primary immunization. A child is considered fully immunized if he/she received one dose each of Bacille Calmette-Guérin and measles and three doses of oral polio vaccine, hepatitis B virus, and DPT before the age of 1 year. Objectives: To determine primary immunization coverage among 12-23 months old children and the factors affecting primary immunization coverage. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study conducted from March 2011 to June 2011 in Miraj city of Maharashtra. The WHO 30 by 7 cluster sampling technique was used to collect data from 210 study subjects. Results: Among 210 (100%) children, 127 (60.5%) children were fully immunized while remaining 83 (39.5%) were partially immunized or unimmunized. Negligence of parents toward immunization was the main reason for incomplete immunization status of children. Conclusion: Health education activities for parents, especially in mothers, emphasizing the importance and need of immunization of children at right time could be arranged in communities. Equitable, participatory and intersectoral approach is need of hour for health care of children.
Parental knowledge on the optional vaccines and the barriers in their use: A rural hospital-based study
Authors: Ambike Deepali , Tambade Viraj , Poker Faisal , Ahmed Kaenat
Published: June 2020

Background: Knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding the vaccines administered under the National Immunization Programme have been studied in different settings; however, studies regarding optional or newer vaccines in India are scarce. Objectives: To assess the parental knowledge about routine vaccination with special focus on newer vaccines and to identify the reasons for delay/non-administration of newer vaccines. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study conducted in pediatric immunization clinic of MIMER Medical College, Talegaon (D) from May to September 2016. About 300 parents wereinterviewed with a semi open questionnaire. Results: Over all awareness and knowledge about the newer vaccines was very poor, i.e., only 32.5% of the total respondents. The majority (57.8%) of respondents was totally unaware about the optional vaccines and reasons for not administering the vaccines, despite being aware, were cost factor and travel constraints to the hospital which was present in 5% of the total respondents. Conclusion: Lack of knowledge among parents/caregivers about the optional vaccines and those who had knowledge regarding the vaccines, cost and distance to centers where they are available were the major constraints in immunization.
Spinal cord atrophy and myelomalacia following triple intrathecal chemotherapy in a patient of relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Agrawal Sheesham , Sulaniya Pawan Kumar , Garg Kapil , Sitaraman S , Sulaniya Chandrakanta
Published: June 2020

Paraplegia in a case of leukemia is an uncommon finding. It can be disease related, therapy related, or both. It may or may not be reversible or curable. Here, we are discussing an unusual acute life-threatening, therapy related condition, where triple intrathecal therapy in a relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia child led to severe spinal cord atrophy and myelomalacia causing acute paraplegia with urinary retention. Subsequently, the patient developed respiratory failure and succumbed to death. There is very few case reported of this complication. The aim of this case report is to sensitize, the pediatricians and pediatric oncologists about this life-threatening complication of chemotherapy.
Neonatal tooth with bilateral cleft lip and palate: A case report with review of literature
Authors: Kamble Amol , Dash Jayant Kumar , Sahoo Prasanna Kumar , Jadhav Ganesh , Velani Priyam
Published: June 2020

Natal and neonatal teeth are present in the oral cavity at birth and during the first 30 days of life, respectively. Management of such teeth is a treatment challenge. The incidence of such natal and neonatal teeth is reported to be 1 in every 1125-30,000 births, respectively. Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a common dentofacial congenital anomaly of the oral cavity and may be present unilaterally or bilaterally. The occurrence of association of such teeth with unilateral and bilateral CLP cases is reported to be 2% and 10%, respectively. The presence of natal/neonatal teeth in the cleft area complicates the child’s health only in few cases. There is a paucity of information in the literature regarding the simultaneous occurrence of neonatal teeth in bilateral CLP cases. The present paper reported the management of a neonatal tooth present in association with complete bilateral CLP in a 12-day-old male child with review of literature.
Humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in acute bronchiolitis
Authors: Ahmed Parvez , Maqbool Javid , Ashraf Mohd
Published: June 2020

Background: Bronchiolitis is a major cause of morbidity and leading cause of hospitalization, mostly in early childhood without coexisting illnesses. Traditionally dry oxygen is provided at 100% concentration via low flow nasal prongs. However, the latest studies have revealed that oxygen therapy via heated, humidified, high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) allows the delivery of high inspired gas flows which is better than the traditional one. Methods: All previously healthy children between 1 and 24 months of age with an established clinical diagnosis of moderate to severe bronchiolitis (clinical severity score ?4) were enrolled for study. The patients were divided into two groups: Patients in Group 1 received HFNC oxygen therapy (HFNC group) while those in Group 2 received conventional oxygen therapy (non-HFNC group). The patients were randomized in each arm by simple randomization. Outcome parameters measured were duration of hospital stay, duration of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) stay, oxygen saturation (SPO2), respiratory rate, adverse event (respiratory failure), need for intermittent positive pressure ventilation or continuous positive airway pressure. Results: Out of 100 patients studied, 50 received HFNC oxygen and 50 received conventional oxygen. There was early and better improvement in SPO2 and respiratory rate (p<0.001), decreased length of hospital stay (p<0.001) and PICU stay (p<0.01) among the patients in HFNC group as compared to non-HFNC group. The most common adverse event during the hospital course was respiratory failure which was seen among 4 patients in non-HFNC group and none among HFNC group developed such complication. Conclusion: The use of HFNC oxygen therapy in infants hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis reduces PICU and hospital stay as well as the potential complications which will substantially reduce the hospital cost.
Rodenticide poisoning in children: A study of clinical profile and electrocardiographic changes
Authors: Sugunan Sheeja , Krishnan Rekha , Kumar K K Santhosh , Geetha S
Published: June 2020

Objectives: To study the clinical profile and electrocardiographic (ECG) changes in rodenticide poisoning in children. Methods: Patients admitted with a history of ingestion of rat poison between October 2014 and October 2016 were included in the study. Clinical history was taken in detail, and stomach wash samples were sent for toxicological analysis. Continuous ECG monitoring was done in all cases. Investigations to assess organ functions and coagulation profile were done at admission and repeated as indicated. Results: There were 17 cases of rodenticide poisoning. Zinc phosphide was the rodenticide identified in 50% of cases, bromodiolone in 30%, and yellow phosphorous in 20% cases. Only 23% presented within 1 h of ingestion and only 12% received stomach wash from referring hospital. Out of the 17 cases, 12 cases (70%) were symptomatic, of which 42% hadminor symptoms such as vomiting and abdominal pain and 58% had major symptoms including dysrhythmias, shock, coagulation abnormality, hepatic failure, and seizures. ECG changes were observed in 7 cases (42%), and coagulopathy was seen in 2 (12%) cases of which one had hepatic failure. The mean time of onset of ECG changes was 19.7 h (range 9-36 h). The overall mortality rate was 17.6%. Cardiac arrhythmia was the most common cause of death (66%). Conclusion: Zinc phosphide has been detected as the most common chemical being used as domestic rodenticide. Transient rate abnormalities, metabolic acidosis, fever, and leukocytosis are early markers of toxicity and they should be looked for in all cases. General public, medical, and aramedicalpersonnel should be made aware of the toxic nature of rodenticides.
Maanasa: An early individualized remedial educational intervention model for scholastic backwardness among upper primary students
Authors: Jayaprakash R , Rajamohanan K
Published: June 2020

Background: Scholastic backwardness is called as the learning achievement which is below the expected for a given age, cognitive skills, and schooling. Early identification and remedial measures are to be initiated at school level to control its lifelong impact. Objective: The objective of this study is to evolve an early individualized, remedial educational intervention model for the scholastic backwardness among upper primary students at the school level by the resource teachers. Materials and Methods: Whole upper primary students of the four government schools of the South Maararikkulam Grama Panchayath constituted the study population. The scholastic backwardness among them was identified and referred to specially trained resource teachers who were appointed in the schools under Maanasa project. They were graded as mild, moderate and severe category based on the level of scholastic backwardness. Children were given 1 academic year of individualized educational intervention along with inclusive education. Apart from these interventions, families of the identified students were given psychosocial interventions to create a learningfriendly atmosphere in their families. Learning skills of the scholastically backward students were re-assessed at the end of academicyear. Results: Out of total 629 students, 147 had scholastic backwardness (23.7%). Among these, 68 had mild, 60 moderate, and 19 had severe scholastic backwardness on reading skill grading. Psychosocial problems including alcoholism, domestic violence, quarrelsome events, and abandoned family were noticed among 48.7% of the parents of scholastically backward students. Reassessment at the end of academic year showed improvement of scholastic skill among 52.38% of the students. Conclusion: The present study proves that scholastic backwardness can be successfully approached and intervened at school level itself by impartingindividualized educational interventions by trained resource teachers. The parents should be taken into confidence for successful intervention.
A clinical study of foreign bodies in air passages
Authors: Nagaraj Niranjan , Sehra Ram Narian , Berwal Pramodkumar , Choudhary Shyama , Lal Deepchand , Kadela Ramesh , Raj Rishav , Patel Pushpendra Kumar
Published: June 2020

Background: Foreign body in the airways is a serious event and fatal if not managed properly in time. Accident resulting from the inhalation of the foreign body continues to take formidable toll of lives every year.Objecti ve: This study was undertaken to find out the incidence of foreign bodies in air passages in this part of the country and types of foreign bodies, to establish the role of radiological investigations, and to find out the effective measures which are valuable in decreasing the post endoscopic complications and morbidity. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in all suspected cases of foreign body in the air passages attending as well as referred to the Department of Otolaryngology of a Medical College of Rajasthan from January 2014 to December 2015. In each case, a procedure like direct laryngoscopy or bronchoscopy was done depending on the site of the foreign body. Results: Out of 100 cases, 58 were males and 42 were females. 88% of the patients were children below the age of 12 years. The most common foreign body extracted was betel nut in 47% of the cases. Commonest sign observed was decreased air entry in the lung (83%). Commonest radiological finding was obstructive collapse (37%). 48% of the total foreign bodies were present in right bronchus while 32% were lodged in the left bronchus and 3% at the carina. Conclusion: A diagnostic bronchoscopy should always be done in refractory cases of chronic respiratory infection, allergy or pneumonia. A negative radiological examination does not exclude a foreign body.
Evidence-based focused approach for fulfillment of aims: Experiences of an asthma clinic
Authors: Jain Col Sunil , Thapar Col Rajeev Kumar , Mallick Maj Abhishek , Tiwari Sudhanshu , Yogesh Dakhane , Abhijith Y V
Published: June 2020

Background: A new health system for the 21st century should be based on the best scientific knowledge, according to the Institute of Medicine, US. Objective: We have evaluated the effectiveness of asthma clinic providing comprehensive care based on the best available scientific evidence. Materials and Methods: This intervention study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital having a devoted asthma clinic for the  comprehensive management. All children diagnosed as having asthma were included, and data of cases managed from July 2014 to June 2016 were analyzed. Intervention - comprehensive management of asthma including assessment, monitoring, health education, avoidance of triggers, management of comorbid conditions, appropriate medications, written asthma action plan, and counseling for follow-up. Outcome measures were treatment direction, asthma control, emergency visits, and hospitalizations. Results: 260 children were treated over a 2-year period. The effects of focused approach with progressive expertise lead to statistically significant benefits over the two successive years from July 2014 to June 2015 and July 2015 to June2016. These were in: (i) Treatment direction: Cases requiring stepping up of treatment decreased from 36.49% to 17.24% (relative risk [RR]: 0.473 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 0.249-0.895]); p=0.01229, (ii) asthma control: Cases with not well-controlled asthma decreased from 16.44% to 7.02% (RR 0.427: [95% CI: 0.199-0.914]); p=0.045, (iii) emergency department visits decreased from 35.62% to 21.05% (RR 0.591: [95% CI: 0.39-0.897]), p=0.00766, (iv) hospitalizations decreased from 16.44% to 5.26% (RR 0.32: [95% CI: 0.135-0.757]), p=0.00462. Conclusion: Establishing an asthma clinic and progressive expertise leads to significant beneficial results.