bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella spp. in beef and cow milk from central Kerala
Authors: Jamal J. , Latha C. , Mathew B. , Vergis J. , Gleeja V.L.
Published: January 2024

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a clinically important opportunistic pathogen and Salmonella spp. is a major food-borne pathogen causing gastroenteritis worldwide. The present study was conducted to determine the occurrence of K. pneumoniae and Salmonella spp. in beef and cow milk collected from central Kerala. The study was conducted in a span of 10 months from, January 2022 to October 2022. A total of 400 samples, comprising of 200 raw cow milk samples and 200 beef samples, were collected from different milk societies and retail shops of Thrissur and Palakkad districts. The K. pneumoniae and Salmonella spp. were isolated by conventional culture techniques on MacConkey agar and Xylose lysine deoxycholate agar, respectively. When conventional culture technique was used, 57.50 per cent and 10.25 per cent samples were positive for K. pneumoniae and Salmonella spp., respectively. The molecular confirmation of K. pneumoniae was carried out by PCR targeting genus specific gyrA followed by species specific rpoB gene. Salmonella spp. was confirmed on PCR by amplifying species specific invA gene and spvC gene was targeted to evaluate the virulent nature of the isolates. Out of the 400 milk and beef samples analysed 50.75 per cent were positive for K. pneumoniae and 10.25 per cent were positive for Salmonella spp. Implementation of standard hygiene practices during production, distribution chain are required to avoid the contamination of milk and beef samples indented for human consumption.
Radiographic evaluation of healing of critical size calvarial defects treated with decellularised tissue engineered HAS i in rat models
Authors: Manasa M. , Dinesh P.T. , Fernandez F.B. , Sooryadas S. , Palekkodan Hamza , Anoop S. , Jineshkumar N. S. , Remya V. , Varma H.K.
Published: January 2024

Extra cellular matrix (ECM) incorporated calcium hydroxyapatite bound with triphasic silica is a custom made bone graft with hybrid properties which is used for bone regeneration. A promising new technique for preparing natural matrices for bone regeneration now in trend is decellularisation. According to reports, the ECM activates mesenchymal stem cells, speeding up bone healing. Although research employing hard tissues like bone are scarce, successful decellularisation has been done using a variety of tissues including skin, cartilage and tendon. The study was carried out in rat calvaria; critical size defects were created and later grafted with decellularised tissue engineered HASi bioceramic (test) and plain HASi bioceramic (control) on left and right side respectively. Radiography was used to assess changes in the graft, the rate of its degradation and the degree of bone repair. Postoperative dorsoventral view of the skull was taken immediately after surgery and thereafter on 2nd, 4th, 8th and 12th week post-surgery. The grafts were found to remain stable throughout the healing period. By 4th week onwards signs of gradual degradation of material with regeneration of bone could be noticed especially on test side compared to control. Test material was found to be completely integrated with host bone by eight weeks whereas control graft took 12 weeks. At twelve weeks, both the test and control grafts showed complete integration with host bone. It was concluded that the test graft material successfully hastened bone regeneration, making it a promising alternative to conventional bone grafts.
Antibiogram of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from cases of neonatal calf diarrhoea in Kerala
Authors: Baby Saritha , Ravishankar Chintu , John Koshy , Mini M. , Ajithkumar S. , David Vinu
Published: January 2024

A study was conducted to determine the antibiogram of Escherichia coli isolated from cases of neonatal calf diarrhoea in Thrissur and Wayanad districts of Kerala. A total of 101 isolates were tested for susceptibility against 12 antibiotics. The antibiotics to which the isolates were most susceptible were Streptomycin (49.51%) and Chloramphenicol (47%). The isolates showed varying degrees of susceptibility to the other antibiotics tested such as Enrofloxacin (8.92%), Ciprofloxacin (15.85%), Gentamicin (23.77%), Tetracycline (20.8%), Amoxicillin/sulbactam (8.92%), Co-trimoxazole (20.8%), and Nitrofuratonin (25.75%). All the isolates were resistant to Cefpodoxime, Penicillin G and Cefotaxime/Clavulanic acid. Many of the isolates were found to be multi-drug resistant which has serious implications for the control of these infections through antibiotic therapy.
A comprehensive study on effect of electrical stimulation on biophysical and biochemical parameters of spent hen meat using discriminant function analysis
Authors: Vinayananda C. O. , Babu R. Narendra , Rao V. Appa , Kalaikannan A. , Vijayarani K. , Ramesh S. , Pandian Serma Saravana
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of electrical stimulation (ES) on breast and thigh muscles in spent hen. A total of 24 spent hens (White Leghorn) were slaughtered and split into two halves, each half was either treated with postmortem ES (150V) or was used as a non-stimulated (NS) control. Breast and thigh muscles were excised and analysed for biophysical, colour and sensory qualities after ageing for 24 h at 4 ± 1 ˚C. Biochemical parameters were recorded immediately (0h) and after 24h of ES. Biophysical parameters like water holding capacity (WHC), protein extractability, shear force value (SFV) and myofibre fragmentation index (MFI) of both types of muscles varied significantly with ES. Electrical stimulation significantly reduced the pH and glycogen content in both muscles and the thigh muscle showed a significantly higher pH and lower glycogen content than the breast muscle. No significance difference in metabolic rate (R-value) was observed between ES and NS thigh at 24 h. ES had no significant effect on colour and ES significantly improved the sensory value of both breast and thigh muscle. Canonical discriminant and Mahalanobis distance (D2) analysis of biophysical and biochemical parameters demonstrated that the effect of electrical stimulation was comparatively more in thigh muscle than breast with an ageing period of 24 h.
Post-thaw quality of Malabari buck semen with different freezing resilience
Authors: Bhai K. Lekshmi , Becha B. Bibin , Jayakumar C. , Hiron Hiron , Harshan M. , Shynu M. , Venkatachalapathy R. Thirupathy
Published: January 2024

The study was conducted to assess the difference in post-thaw quality parameters of Malabari buck spermatozoa of good and poor semen freezability. The ejaculates collected from Malabari bucks of good (n=3) and poor (n=3) semen freezability were pooled separately as group A and group B, respectively after the initial evaluation. The extended semen in each group was processed and cryopreserved by the conventional method of static vapour freezing. After thawing, the quality of semen in both groups was assessed in terms of progressive motility, viability, morphological abnormalities, acrosome integrity, functional membrane integrity and lipid peroxidation status (MDA) of spermatozoa. Results showed that there was no significant difference between the fresh semen characteristics of group A and B bucks except for concentration, progressive motility and functional membrane integrity of spermatozoa. But, post-thaw quality of groups A and B differed significantly in terms of progressive motility (48.89 ± 0.64 % vs 18.06 ± 1.08 %), viability (55.17 ± 0.57 % vs 26.33 ± 0.95 %), acrosome integrity (62.44 ± 0.62 % vs 33.42 ± 0.34 %), functional membrane integrity (47.00 ± 0.36 % vs 23.36 ± 0.63 %) and MDA concentration (7.83 ± 0.29 nmol/mL vs 13.95 ± 0.08 nmol/mL) whereas morphological abnormalities (2.11 ± 0.08 % vs 2.39 ± 0.09 %) did not differ significantly. The findings of the present study showed that even with similar fresh semen characteristics, spermatozoa from different Malabari bucks have varying degrees of cryosurvivability.
Histopathology and ultrastructural alterations in gastric mucus-secreting cells in diabetic model rats
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand, Baimai Sani , Sricharoenvej Sirinush ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand, Lanlua Passara ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand, Choompoo Narawadee ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
Published: January 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) can cause gastric ulcers (GU), duodenal ulcers (DU), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Mucus-secreting cells secrete mucus, which aids in the neutralization of HCl and inhibits bacteria. DM can alter mucus-secreting cells. Due to a lack of mucosal defense, external stimuli such as bacteria or ethanol can lead to the development of GU, DU, and GERD. This research study used a STZ-induced diabetic rat model to examine the short- and long-term histopathology and ultrastructural alterations in mucus-secreting cells in the cardia, body, and pyloric regions of the stomach. Quantitative analysis was also employed in this study to examine the distribution of mucin granules across all three locations. Twenty-four male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were utilized. Rats were divided into the control (n = 12) and DM (n = 12) groups. Each was separated into short-term (4 weeks) and long-term (24 weeks) rats. For DM induction, streptozotocin (STZ) can selectively destroy the beta cells of the pancreas. The DM was injected with STZ in citrate buffer at 60 mg/kg body weight. The control group was injected with citrate buffer. Histopathology was examined by Alcian blue-Periodic Acid Schiff staining under a light microscope. Image analysis was applied to quantify mucin accumulation. The ultrastructure was explored using transmission electron microscopy. In short-term and long-term DM, there was superficial erosion of the gastric epithelium and a significant decrease in the percentage of mucin granule accumulations in both surface mucous cells (SMCs) and mucous neck cells (MNCs). In short-term DM, SMCs were degenerated with vacuolation, disrupted cristae of mitochondria, and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER). MNCs were swollen with destroyed organelles. In long-term DM, degenerative nuclei and electron-lucent regions with unidentified structures of SMCs were observed. Nuclear chromatin condensation and the disappearance of mucin granules were present in MNCs. In conclusion, under both LM and TEM, STZ-induced diabetic rats demonstrated both short- and long-term damage to the gastric mucosa and gastric gland structures.
The first report of using endoscopy to evaluate the structure of the internal nasal valve and the measurement of internal nasal valve angle value in Vietnamese people
Authors:   Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Viet Nguyen Trieu , Thi Ngoc Lien Nguyen ,   Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, Vietnam
Published: January 2024

The objective of this work was to investigate the structural formations and angle of the internal nasal valve (INV) by using nasal endoscopy. A cross-sectional-description study was conducted on one hundred and thirty-nine students of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy without the complaint of chronic nasal obstruction. They were examined the internal nasal areas by using endoscopy two times: before spraying decongestant, and after 15-30 minutes spraying of the decongestant into the nasal cavity to identify the types of the internal nasal valve according to Miman’s classification. The nasal valve angle value was determined by using Autocad software version 2007. The study was done at Can Tho University Hospital. Sharp angle type accounted for 32.01%, blunt angle type accounted for 12.23%, convex caudal border type accounted for 5.04%, concave caudal border type accounted for 5.04%, angle occupied by the septal body accounted for 34.17%, and twisted caudal border type accounted for 11.51% in our study, the average angle of 26°.8 ± 9°.28, with the smallest angle being 9° and the largest angle being 51°. When comparing the rate of internal nasal valve formation for each time in our study and that of Miman, we recognized that there is a difference among rates. Our nasal angle values were similar to those of Asians and different from those of Caucasians. By using endoscopy, we can easily determine the morphology of the internal nasal valve and measure the angle value of the internal nasal valve by using Autocad software version 2007.
Decellularized fetal collagen exhibits chondroinductive potential for bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by enhancing glycosaminoglycan production
Authors:   Department of Physiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, Amirtham Soosai M. , Parasuraman Ganesh ,   Centre for Stem Cell Research, (A unit of InStem, Bengaluru), Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, Lisha Jeya ,   Department of Physiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, Francis Deepak V. ,   Department of Anatomy, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, Livingston Abel ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, Rebekah Grace ,   Department of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, Vinod Elizabeth ,   Department of Physiology, Christian Medical College. Centre for Stem Cell Research, (A unit of InStem, Bengaluru), Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
Published: January 2024

Articular cartilage repair is challenging due to limited access to reparative cells and a lack of self-healing mechanisms. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are a promising therapeutic option, but their tendency to form fibrocartilage during repair necessitates the optimization of culture conditions. To overcome this limitation, optimizing in-vitro culture conditions with biological coating using extracellular matrix-derived proteins has been efficient in mimicking in-vivo cellular behavior. Fetal cartilage, with abundant collagen, proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans has emerged as a potential source for cartilage repair. No studies have so far evaluated the effect of fetal cartilage-derived collagen on BM-MSCs. This study aimed to evaluate the chondro-inductive potential of decellularized collagen derived from fetal cartilage, which was used as a coating material for expansion of BM-MSCs. The extraction of fetal collagen was performed from the tibiofemoral joint of a 36+4-week gestational age fetus. The freeze-dried collagen type II was reconstituted at a concentration of 10μg/ml and used to coat the culture flasks. Passage 3 BM-MSCs were divided into two groups: a) standard expansion medium (BM-MSCs) and b) collagen-coated plasticware (collagen-coated BM-MSCs). Growth kinetics, surface markers, gene expression, and differentiation potential were assessed. The decellularized collagen coating did not influence the growth kinetics, surface marker and gene expression of BM-MSCs. However, it positively influenced GAG accumulation and collagen type II deposition. Further studies utilizing in-vivo models are warranted to evaluate the potential of collagen-coated BM-MSCs and exploit their adjuvant effect on chondrogenesis.
Testicular morphometry and epididymal sperm qualities of donkeys in Bolgatanga, Ghana
Authors:   School of Veterinary Medicine, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana, Ayang A.J. , Atawalna J. ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana, Emikpe Banjamin O. ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana, Abiliba D. ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana, Dongbataazie E.P. ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana, Adom E. ,   Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, UDS, Ghana, Asare A.D. ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, Legon, Accra, Ghana, Amponsah M.P. ,   Veterinary Disease Investigative Laboratory, Amakom, Ghana
Published: January 2024

The application of artificial insemination in donkeys must be based on a knowledge of breeding soundness, while other reproductive physiology of the donkey including testicular morphometric parameters and sperm production is scanty in literature. This study sought to assess the testicular morphometry and epididymal sperm qualities of donkeys in Bolgatanga and to determine the effect of season on spermatogenesis and epididymal sperm parameters. Twelve sexually mature donkeys, aging 10 to 15 years old, had their testes and epididymis surgically harvested immediately after slaughter, semen parameters were assessed thereafter and testicular volume calculated. Epididymal sperm was harvested by retrograde flushing technique and sperm parameters were obtained. This study showed no significant difference (p-value >0.05) between the length, width and volume of the left and right testes, and that the rainy season showed greater values in seminiferous tubule diameter, epithelial height, and luminal diameter. The study revealed that donkeys showed a greater level of spermatogenesis in the rainy season compared to the dry season, indicating that donkeys are seasonal breeders.
Varia comica
Authors: Tammaro Vinicio
Published: January 2024

Osservazioni su tre frammenti comici greci dell’archaia.   Hermipp. fr. 58 K.-A.: un’altra testimonianza è in Et. M. 108, 18-22 (dove si suggerisce di leggere “ἀνερίναστος εἶ” ἀντὶ τοῦ).   Eup. fr. 115 K.-A.: difesa del testo tràdito (κάτωθεν ἤγαγες) e dell’interpretazione tradizionale, che comporta l’allusione alla testa deforme di Pericle.   Eup. fr. 384, 4 K.-A.: difesa del testo tràdito (ἡμῖν τῇ πόλει).
Villavieja (Fuentes de Cesna-Algarinejo, Granada). Nuevas aportaciones a los poblados amurallados de la Edad del Cobre en el Subbético de Andalucía
Authors: Morgado-Rodríguez Antonio , Garzón Vicente José , García González David , Bueno Herrera José Antonio
Published: January 2024

La interpretación sobre la dinámica sociocultural de las comunidades del III milenio a.C. en la región montañosa del Subbético del sur de la península ibérica, aunque formulada desde posiciones teóricas contrastadas, ha coincidido en la perspectiva marginal, perteneciente a una periferia geográfica y social cuyo centro está en el Sureste y el valle del Guadalquivir. Las recientes intervenciones en dos nuevos recintos amurallados de la Edad del Cobre culminan una investigación que había partido del aprovechamiento intensivo de los recursos líticos. Ello permite abordar dicha dinámica desde nuevas evidencias. Se parte del análisis del asentamiento prehistórico de Villavieja (Algarinejo, Granada), abordando su génesis, desarrollo y colapso, así como la construcción de su muralla, excepcionalmente bien conservada por su extension y altura, lo que nos permite abordar la tecnología aplicada. Villavieja, junto con el yacimiento de Pedriza de Cartuja (Montillana-Colomera, Granada), situados dentro de la misma región montañosa, comienzan a vislumbrar nuevas perspectivas de un panorama más complejo a las interpretaciones tradicionales sobre las poblaciones megalíticas de la región montañosa del Subbético del sur de la Península Ibérica.
Capitalism, Populism and Democracy: Revisiting Samuelson’s Reformulation of Schumpeter
Authors: Ocampo Emilio
Published: January 2024

En la decada del 70’ y principios de los 80’, Paul Samuelson reformuló la predicción condicional establecida por Joseph Schumpeter en Capitalismo, socialismo y democracia reemplazando socialismo con populismo. Según Samuelson la “democracia populista” había logrado su mayor desarrollo en el Cono Sur. Observó a la Argentina como un caso paradigmático que probaba su teoría. La tesis de Samuelson establecía que una fuerte demanda electoral para igualdad y una antipatía hacia el negocio impedía el crecimiento económico y sostenido. En aquel entonces, Samuelson también afirmaba que las avanzadas economías Occidentales seguirían el mismo camino que Argentina, la revolución de Reagan y de Thatcher demostraron que estaba equivocado. Sin embargo, la emergencia populista en Europa y Estados Unidos hace que su reformulación de Capitalismo, Socialismo y Democracia sea plausible. El objetivo de este ensayo es revisar y establecer una crítica a la teoría de Samuelson y evaluar su relevancia y utilidad hoy.
Ortho-Heterodox Biases and the Economist Algorithms of ChatGPT
Authors: Iazdi Oz
Published: January 2024

Recommendations for economic policies can be based on different theoretical perspectives and may present hidden biases. Identifying these biases is challenging when they are embedded in recommendations from sources with high technological and social disruptive potential, where a good level of impartiality is expected, such as contemporary large language models. Thus, a questionnaire was administered to economists affiliated with the Brazilian academic community to assess their perception of orthodox/heterodox biases in economic policy recommendations derived from interactions with ChatGPT. The results showed that: i) there is still no consensus on the concepts of orthodoxy and heterodoxy in Brazil; ii) there are indications of a positive relationship between how self-proclaimed heterodox (orthodox) an economist is and how heterodox (orthodox) the perceived bias in an economic policy is; iii) it was not possible to identify a consistently orthodox or heterodox bias in ChatGPT's recommendations, which exhibited a good degree of impartiality.
Hacia la equidad académica: un estudio sobre la representación de las mujeres en el ámbito académico de las relaciones públicas en España
Authors: Zeler Ileana , Ruiz Mora Isabel , Oliveira Andrea
Published: January 2024

La investigación sobre las mujeres en las relaciones públicas ha sido objeto de estudio desde los años 80. Sin embargo, los estudios se han centrado fundamentalmente en el ámbito profesional, dejando un vacío de conocimiento en el ámbito académico. En particular, en el contexto español, la investigación sobre las mujeres en relaciones públicas en el ámbito académico es prácticamente inexistente. Este estudio pretende evaluar la representación de las mujeres en la actividad académica universitaria en España dentro del campo de las relaciones públicas. A través de un análisis de contenido, se examinó la presencia de las mujeres en cargos de docencia, cargos de gestión en centros y/o departamentos y dirección de proyectos de investigación. Los resultados revelaron ciertos avances positivos en la representación de las mujeres en las actividades académicas, aunque se evidencia que aún hay un largo camino por recorrer para alcanzar la estabilidad y la igualdad deseada. Este estudio contribuye al conocimiento de la mujer en el contexto académico del área de relaciones públicas. Los hallazgos pueden servir como punto de partida para futuras investigaciones y acciones destinadas a abordar las desigualdades y barreras que enfrentan las mujeres en el campo.
Estrategia de formación docente para fortalecer competencias digitales mediante un Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizaje
Authors: Avilés López Magdaleno , Domínguez Gaona María del Rocio
Published: January 2024

A raíz de la pandemia por COVID-19 la mayoría de las instituciones educativas a nivel mundial tuvieron que migrar de un sistema de educación en modalidad presencial a un sistema en modalidad en línea para continuar con los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de sus alumnos. Sin embargo, pocas universidades estaban preparadas para esta transición. La Facultad de Idiomas de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México, no fue la excepción. Esta facultad tuvo muchas dificultades durante esta transición porque sus docentes no contaban con las competencias digitales mínimas necesarias para dictar clases en modalidad en línea. En este trabajo se desarrolló una estrategia de formación docente basada en el modelo educativo propuesto por la Secretaría de Educación Pública para mejorar la competencia digital de los docentes con el fin de que utilicen Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje de manera eficiente en el ámbito universitario de la Facultad de Idiomas (FI) de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC). Para hacer esto se identificaron las competencias digitales de los docentes de esta facultad. Posteriormente, se crearon e implementaron cursos de formación docente utilizando un Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizaje (AVA) que atendieron las necesidades de formación identificadas en el instrumento de evaluación.
Computer Simulation of Bending of a Rectangular Multi-Layered Plate Using a Numerical Approach
Authors:   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», Kazakhstan, Karaganda, N. Nazarbayev Avenue, 56,, KASSIMOV Abay , ESSENBAYEVA Gulsima ,   NCJSC «Karaganda Buketov University», Kazakhstan, Karaganda, University Street, 28,, ZHOLMAGAMBETOV Syrlybek ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», Kazakhstan, Karaganda, N. Nazarbayev Avenue, 56,, KASSIMOV Bauyrzhan ,   NCJSC «Karaganda Buketov University», Kazakhstan, Karaganda, University Street, 28,, KASSYMOV Aidos ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», Kazakhstan, Karaganda, N. Nazarbayev Avenue, 56,
Published: January 2024

Computer simulation of the bending of a rectangular multilayer plate using a numerical approach is carried out on the basis of differential equations of a variant of the refined theory of multilayer plates, which take into account: transverse shear, pressure of layers against each other, normal deformations, layer orthotropy, asymmetry of the structure. The general order of the system is 12. Three functions of the coordinate surface are unknown: the function of effort, deflection, and shear. The boundary conditions for various cases of fixing the edges of the plate are obtained from the contour integral of the variational equation. Discretization of the system of resolving equations and the corresponding contour conditions for a computer simulation of the bending of a rectangular multilayer plate was performed by the finite difference method. According to the proposed numerical technique on the basis of a two-dimensional model, computer simulation of the problem of bending three-layer articulated support symmetrical in thickness square plates with orthotropic carbon fiber layers in a wide range of changes was carried out.
Investigation of Breakdowns of Loaded Parts of Dump Trucks Operating Under Severe Operating Conditions
Authors:   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», Kazakhstan, Karaganda, N. Nazarbayev Avenue, 56,, NIKONOVA Tatyana , ZHETESSOVA Gulnara , YURCHENKO Vasily , KABIDENOV Duman , DANDYBAEV Yessim
Published: January 2024

The Republic of Kazakhstan is one of the largest exporters of raw materials in the world market, so dump trucks and excavators play a major role in the mining industry of the country's natural resources. The stagnation of special equipment can bring great damage to the economy of the Republic. Therefore, the study of the problems that arise during the operation of dump trucks in difficult quarry conditions and timely troubleshooting will allow the country's mining industry to ensure stable development and prosperity. The main purpose of the work is to study the causes of breakdowns in the bearing units of dump trucks with a load capacity of up to 110 tons. Also, ways to solve the existing problems and initial data for further research are presented. This topic is relevant, since the country's economy is directly related to the extraction of natural resources. Timely elimination of technical problems of equipment will allow to fulfill all production plans
Walking in their footsteps: Historical empathy and experiential learning on battlefield study tours
Authors:   McMaster University, Canada, Karn Sara
Published: January 2024

Reflecting on my experience leading battlefield study tours for secondary school students, this article explores the pedagogical benefits of experiential learning for fostering historical empathy. I suggest that experiential learning offers students opportunities to engage with both the cognitive and affective dimensions of history, which are necessary for developing historical empathy. In doing so, I adopt Davison’s (2017) conceptualization of historical empathy as a cognitive-affective “pathway” to demonstrate how experiential learning supports students’ understandings of perspectives and experiences in the past. On the study tours, students entered the past by developing emotional connections to historical actors and particular places, based on their family histories and backgrounds. While visiting historic sites and interpreting battlefield landscapes, students worked with the historical record to build contextual knowledge and consider diverse perspectives. Finally, students exited the past to form ethical judgments about the World Wars and applied their learning within their communities back home in Canada.
Teaching sensitive topics: Training history teachers in collaboration with the museum
Authors:   Leiden University, The Netherlands, Logtenberg Albert , Savenije Geerte ,   University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands, de Bruijn Pieter ,   Open University of the Netherlands, Epping Timo ,   National Museum of Antiquities, The Netherlands, Goijens Guido ,   Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, The Netherlands
Published: January 2024

Discussing sensitive topics, such as slavery, political extremism or religion, in the history classroom presents an interesting challenge for history teachers and museum educators. The goal of this small-scale case study was to evaluate a domain-specific professional-development course for Dutch history teachers that was developed in cooperation with museum educators. This course trains teachers to explore the dynamics of and multiple perspectives on a heritage object by asking historical questions, starting from an overarching main question. We investigated: 1) to what extent trainee and experienced history teachers felt competent in teaching sensitive topics before and after the training; and 2) how three experienced history teachers discussed multiple perspectives in a follow-up lesson after the training. Results showed that teachers reported higher self-efficacy in teaching sensitive topics and that the course offered them practical ideas about how to discuss these kinds of topics in their classrooms. Lesson observations showed that the teachers applied some parts of the design principles demonstrated in the course. This article discusses how using tangible heritage objects could support history educators in negotiating sensitive issues.
Cobertura de vacunación contra COVID-19 e influenza en personal de salud y administrativo en Paraguay
Authors: Montiel-Jarolin Dora , Samudio Margarita , Bogado Cecilia , Zorrilla Cesar , Jarolin Magali , Sánchez Luis , Torres Estela
Published: January 2024

Introducción: A nivel mundial, la cobertura de vacunación contra el COVID-19, así como contra la influenza es baja tanto en la población general como en los profesionales de la salud a pesar de que la vacuna es gratuita y obligatoria en el personal sanitario. Objetivo: Describir la cobertura de vacunación contra el COVID -19, y la influenza en personal de salud y administrativo de un hospital de referencia del Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social en el periodo 2021-2022. Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte trasverso.  Se hizo la revisión de los registros del personal sanitario y administrativo del centro vacunatorio del Hospital Nacional de Itauguá de la campaña vacunal contra el COVID-19 y de anti-influenza en el periodo 2021- 2022. Resultados: De los 3.586 funcionarios, 999 (27,9 %) eran médicos, 1494 (41,7 %) personal de enfermería, 366 (10,2 %) otra categoría de personal sanitario, y 727 (20,3 %) personal administrativo. En forma global, el 86,5 % de los funcionarios recibió por lo menos las dos dosis que constituyen el esquema primario y el 73 % la dosis de refuerzo. El 2,1 % del personal no recibió ninguna dosis de vacuna anti covid-19, la cifra fue mayor en el personal administrativo (4,8 %). La cobertura de vacunación contra la influenza fue de 20 % en el 2021 y 25 % en el 2022. Discusión: Si bien cobertura de vacunación anti-COVID-19 fue comparable a otros países, la vacunación contra la influenza fue muy baja. Es urgente implementar estrategias dirigidas a aumentar la percepción de riesgo y aceptabilidad de las vacunas obligatorias para el personal sanitario.
Epidemiological characteristics of mortality from infectious intestinal diseases (diarrhea) Paraguay (2015-2019)
Authors: Merles Aranda Eva Fabiana , Tullo Gómez Juan Edgar , Duarte Zoilán Derlis , Oliveira Da Silva Elder , Rivas Kiese Myriam Elizabeth , Ramos Pasionaria
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Infectious intestinal diseases (diarrhea) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In 2015, it constituted the ninth leading cause of death for all ages. Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of mortality due to infectious intestinal diseases (diarrhea) in Paraguay from 2015 to 2019. Methods: Descriptive, ecological, cross-sectional, retrospective, and non-probabilistic sampling of consecutive cases was performed. ICD-10 deaths included cholera (A01), typhoid and paratyphoid fever (A01), shigellosis (A03), other bacterial intestinal infections (A04), other bacterial food poisoning (A05), amebiasis (A06), other intestinal diseases due to protozoa (A07), intestinal infections due to viruses (A08), and diarrhea and gastroenteritis of presumed infectious origin (A09). Open access data were obtained from the WEB page of the General Directorate of Strategic Information in Health of the MSP and BS of all the Departments of the country. Crude and adjusted rates (per 100,000 inhabitants) were calculated. Excel and EPI INFO 7.0 were used. Results: 495 deaths were registered; the highest prevalence was in 2019 (adjusted rate of 1.83) and the lowest in 2017 (1.36). The months with the highest mortality rates were January and July (9.9%). 51.72% were women (256), 30.91% were over 80 years old and 28.28% (140) were under 5 years old, average age 50.8, single 56.77% (281) and without any type of education 41.82% (207). A total of 80.61% (399) of the respondents resided in urban areas. The highest rates were registered in Boquerón (33.3) and Amambay (15.2). Diarrhea and gastroenteritis of infectious origin accounted for 95.56% of the cases (473). Discussion: There was a high percentage of mortality from infectious diarrhea. Extremes of life were the most vulnerable populations.
Observational evidence of instability phenomena related to open star clusters based on Gaia data
Authors: Kovaleva D. A.
Published: January 2024

The vast amount of high-quality astrometric and photometric data from Gaia space mission opened new prospects in the investigation of the population of galactic star clusters. In particular, a number of observational evidence have emerged in relation to the phenomena of instability that previously were mainly predicted by dynamical simulations. These are signs of former violent relaxation, ongoing tidal disruption, interaction between the clusters and results of disruption of the clusters. We discuss methods of discovery of such evidence along with some interesting examples.
Role of galactic disc thickness in magnetic field generation
Authors: Mikhailov E. A. , Frolova M. V.
Published: January 2024

A large variety of galaxies have magnetic structures of lengthscales comparable with their radius. Theoretically, their existence is based on the dynamo mechanism. It is based on alpha-effect characterizing helicity of the turbulent motions and differential rotation which is connected with changing angular velocity. The field can be destroyed by turbulent diffusion, so the mechanism is threshold and can be realized only for the case when first and second effect are more intensive than the third one. Equations of magnetohydrodynamics that are used to describe the dynamo mechanism, are too difficult to be solved. So, usually different approximation taking into account details of astrophysical objects are used. As for galaxies, a thin disc approximation has been developed. It works properly for galactic objects with small half-thickness. However, as for thick discs we should take a model which uses more complicated structure of the field. Here we find the threshold for the field generation for thick astrophysical discs.
Unilateral versus simultaneous bilateral total hip arthroplasty. The Belgian experience
Authors: BECKERS G , MANON J , CORNU O , VAN CAUTER M
Published: January 2024

Bilateral hip osteoarthritis is frequent. The safety and patient selection for simultaneous bilateral total hip arthroplasty (SBTHA) are still debated. The purpose of this article is to share our experience and assess if performing SBTHA carries more risk than unilateral total hip arthroplasty (UTHA). Methods: A retrospective data analysis was performed on 468 patients who underwent either UTHA (418 patients) or SBTHA (50 patients) using a direct anterior approach between June 2016 and December 2020. Apart from SBTHA patients being significantly younger, there was no significant preoperative difference in demographics, comorbidities, surgical variables and biological values between the two groups. Primary outcomes were 90-days emergency room (ER) visit and readmission, as well as 90-days minor and major complications. Secondary outcomes were length of stay (LOS), operative time and blood loss. Results: 90-days ER visit (p=0.244), 90- days readmission (p=0.091), overall complications rate (p=0.376), minor complications (p=0.952) and major complications (p=0.258) were not statistically different between the two groups. Operative time and average LOS were significantly longer in the SBTHA group (p<0.001). Blood loss was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the SBTHA group. However, no difference in the transfusion rate between the two groups was observed (p=0.724). Conclusion: Complication rate, 90- days hospital readmission and 90-days ER visit were similar between the two groups. This study shows that performing SBTHA is a safe, effective, and doesn’t carry additional risks for patients with bilateral symptomatic osteoarthritis.
Challenges and Adaptation Strategies of Students with Disabilities in Higher Education in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md. Ashraful , Kabir Imrul
Published: January 2024

Education is a fundamental human right to which every human should have access. However, in Bangladesh, people with disabilities continue to be denied access to education in a variety of ways; even with the widespread expansion of higher education, they have limited access to it. Also, those who have crossed various barriers and got admission to different higher education institutions face various challenges, including infrastructural barriers and other academic and administrative problems that affect their chances of growing up as average students. Considering this aspect, this article is intended to determine the challenges faced by students with disabilities and their adaptation strategies in higher education in Bangladesh. It applied a mixed-method approach in which quantitative and qualitative data were collected from four leading public universities in Bangladesh. The results indicate that students with disabilities still face a variety of challenges on their campuses. However, to overcome these challenges, they apply adaptive strategies such as using assistive devices, bilingual books, and the help of friends, which are not favorable enough for them to cope with the situation and continue their studies.
Climate changes attested on the territory of the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Bejan Iurie , Cojocari Rodica , Mindru Galina , Grigoras Mihail
Published: January 2024

The climate is one of the main factors of the environment, and its change has a significant impact on the elements of nature. Current and possibly future climate changes are influenced by inert factors, which can be of natural (change in solar radiation, anomalies in the circulation of marine currents, etc.) and anthropogenic origin (increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases) and can be predicted. These changes can be evaluated in the form of trends, which according to the climate theory, are qualified as changes determined (the trend) by inert factors, but with slow action. The highlight of the direction of this trend is usually carried out in long time intervals (30 years). The purpose of this research is to raise awareness among the population, economic agents and decision-makers about climate change, causes, its causes and effects and through concrete examples, to show the impact of this phenomenon on agriculture, the basic branch of the economy of the Republic of Moldova.
Victoria Cozmolici's creation, the subtle universe of nature and femininity
Authors: Rocaciuc Victoria
Published: January 2024

The work of the painter Victoria Cozmolici is the fruit of her plastic investigations based on the formal-stylistic principles morphologically originating from a series of currents of modern and contemporary European art in which the principle of abstraction remains a priority. Approaching the means and methods of figurative abstractionism and abstract expressionism, pop-art style in combination with constructive elements that belong to her own artistic language, the painter carefully approaches the chromatic relationships of the pictorial surfaces as the decorative elements of form configuration. Integrated into nature, the characters and objects represented in the paintings signed by Victoria Cozmolici are often transfigured into silhouettes and female faces, creating original visual rhythms of a particular constructive logic. The theme is focused on everyday life, nature is both the background and part of this life, and the woman, with her soft face repeating the undulations of the plates – bearer of meaning, beauty and spirituality.
Growth and sporulation of beauveria bassiana on different culture media
Authors: Moldovan Anna , Ivantoc N. , Munteanu-Molotievskiy Natalia
Published: January 2024

The entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. 1912 (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), thanks to its effective insecticidal properties, is widely used as a biological control agent. A critical issue in the mass-production of fungal-based biopesticides is the selection of the culture media optimal for the growth and sporulation of the producer strain. The most often used medium for the cultivation of B. bassiana is Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). However, the relatively high price of the commercially available PDA medium determines the need to look for an alternative culture medium that would allow efficient and profitable cultivation of entomopathogenic strains for industrial purposes. Thus, the research aimed to select the optimal nutrient medium for mass-production of a local B. bassiana strain (Invention Patent MD 4560). The B. bassiana CNMN-FE-01 strain's vegetative growth was studied on several nutrient media for 14 days at a constant temperature of 25°C. In addition, the number of conidia produced per unit area and the germination rate of these conidia after cultivation on each media were determined. Of all analyzed media three represented commercially available formulations (PDA, SDA - Sabouraud Dextrose Agar, and SAPF Selective Agar for Pathogenic Fungi), and two were readymade formulations supplemented with yeast extract (SDAY and PDAY). The other were prepared in the laboratory according to known recipes (PSA Potato Sucrose Agar, PDA, PDAY, Oatmeal Agar). As a result, B. bassiana CNMN-FE-01 strain can be successfully cultivated on various solid media, commercially available formulations, and media prepared in the laboratory. The maximum radial growth rate of the micromycete was recorded on the Oatmeal Agar medium. Also, on Oatmeal Agar, the local strain produces the highest number of viable conidia. The experimental data indicate that the micromycete growth rate differs depending on the culture medium used. The same culture medium but from different producers can induce distinct growth and sporulation patterns of the fungal strain. The current work emphasizes the necessity to verify the purchased media and to identify a simple, cost-efficient media that can be easily prepared on site but also suggests the importance of setting the quality control points in the mass production of fungal-based biopesticides.
The role of probiotic lab in feedstuff
Authors: Sargsyan Anyuta , Tkhruni F. , Agabekyan L. , Sargsyan M. , Israyelyan Arev
Published: January 2024

Frequent uncontrolled use of feed antibiotics in intensive production of feedstuff has led to the formation of resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria. The use of feed antibiotics has resulted in increased productivity of farm animals due to the suppression of the pathogenic microflora of the digestive system. The situation is exacerbated by animal stresses due to poor feed quality and poor conditions. Often there are cases of dysbacteriosis, especially in young animals, reduced cows’ reproduction, excess live weight of young animals, increased infectious and alimentary (caused by defective unbalanced feeding) origin is growing diseases. Based on the results of scientific of previous grants supported by the State Committee on Science of the Republic of Armenia and the ANSEF at the laboratory of Artsakh Scientific Center was developed a new technology for enrichment of feedstuff in accordance with the main nutritional resources of Artsakh and with probiotic lactic acid bacteria Enterococcus durans KE5, Lactobacillus acidophilus 1991, Streptococus lactis and Streptococcus termophilus. The data show that after the use of probiotic bacteria, the quality of the feed increases. The activity of probiotic bacteria suppresses the growth of fungi and pathogenic microflora. The results of the content of amino acids and protein during silage of the green mass of corn are given in Table 1. Table 1. The content of amino acids and protein source-grass from the Herher region Source-corn from the Herher region Amino acids, mg / ml Protein, % Lys Arg Ala Glut Val Isol Tre Met Fal Start The amount of amino acids mg / ml Control 1,6 1,2 1,6 2,4 2,4 2,4 0,8 3,2 0,4 0,8 16,8 16,5 Consortium LAB 1,6 0,8 1,2 0,4 1,6 2,4 1,2 1,6 0,4 0,8 12,0 28,0 Consortium LAB+yeast 1,6 1,2 1,2 0,8 1,6 2,4 1,2 1,6 0,4 0,8 12,8 24,0 The data obtained show that during silage of the green mass of corn, the addition of a consortium consisting of yeast and LAB or only LAB can increase the protein content by an average of 50%, which is higher than when silaging a mixture of grass, regardless of the source of its use. Conclusions The property of lactic acid bacteria to synthesize lactic acid is used for silage of green biomass. However, we have shown that the use of a consortium of LAB strains and yeast with probiotic properties leads to an increase in the content of protein and essential amino acids in silage, a decrease in its infectivity, and the effectiveness of the method used depends on the source and nature of the used method of green biomass and strains. Therefore, the use of starter culture from the consortium of investigated probiotics LAB and yeast in silage should be introduced as widely as possible, as they have a positive effect on the health of animals. Acknowledgments. This work was supported in the frame of the research projects MESC AR scs 19AA-002, ANSEF biotech 52-52.