bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compressive bearing capacity and failure mechanism of CFRP–aluminum laminate column with single-channel cross section
Authors: Huang Teng , Zhang Dongdong , Yang Jun , Lin Yuan , Huang Yaxin
Published: February 2021

The axial compressive bearing capacity, failure modes, and failure mechanisms of carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum laminate (CARALL) columns with single-channel cross sections were studied in detail. In this study, two types of short CARALL specimens with a 5/4 configuration were first fabricated using 2024-T3 aluminum alloy and different fiber orientations ([0°/90°/0°]3, [45°/0°/−45°]3) via a pressure-molding thermal-curing forming process. The short CARALL columns were then subjected to static loading tests to determine their axial compressive behaviors in terms of ultimate bearing capacity and failure modes. Thereafter, the user-defined FORTRAN subroutine VUMAT, which is based on ABAQUS, was used to investigate the failure mechanism of the proposed CARALL columns. Meanwhile, based on the classic laminated panel mechanics theory, a theoretical method was proposed to predict the safe bearing capacity of the designed compressive CARALL columns. The results indicated that the ultimate failure of both types of short CARALL columns was a strength failure caused by the delamination of the layers. When the short CARALL columns were subjected to an axial compressive load, the fiber spread angle of the carbon fiber-reinforced polymer prepregs in the laminate panels had a significant influence on the resistance to interlaminar delamination. A smaller fiber layer angle resulted in greater resistance to interlaminar delamination. Setting a certain number of fiber layers with angles between 0° and 45° could increase the toughness of the compression column member against interlaminar shear delamination at the initial stage. Comparisons of the experimental, numerical, and theoretical results demonstrated good agreement, indicating that the proposed theoretical method is feasible for predicting the safe bearing capacity of CARALL columns with a single-channel cross section and can be applied to the design of compressive laminate pillar components.
¡Mira! The grammar-attention interface in the Spanish left periphery
Authors: López Laura González , Trotzke Andreas
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we focus on Spanish hearer-oriented particles like the highly frequent verb-based particle mira (lit. ‘look’). We provide a detailed syntactic account of these particles by demonstrating (i) that they must be distinguished from both vocative/appellative and expressive/exclamative particles, and (ii) that they feature illocutionary restrictions familiar from the class of discourse particles in languages other than Spanish. Since our proposal locates mira in the information-structural layer of the clause and, at the same time, demonstrates its sensitivity to the illocutionary component of sentence interpretation, we thus raise more general questions about the interaction between the syntax of speech acts and the syntactic encoding of information structure.
Developmental Pillars of Increased Autonomy for Aircraft Systems
Authors:   ASTM International
Published: February 2021

Description

Increased automation for aircraft systems holds the promise of increasing safety, precision, and availability for manned and unmanned aircraft. Specifically, established aviation segments, such as general aviation and light sport, could utilize increased automation to make significant progress toward solving safety and piloting difficulties that have plagued them for some time. Further, many emerging market segments, such as urban air mobility and small unmanned aircraft systems (e.g., small parcel delivery with drones) have a strong financial incentive to develop increased automation to relieve the pilot workload or to replace in-the-loop pilots for most situations (or both). Before these advances can safely be made, automation technology must be shown to be reliable, available, accurate, and correct within acceptable limits based on the level of risk these functions may create. However, since inclusion of these types of systems is largely unprecedented at this level of aviation, what constitutes these required traits (and at what level they must be verified) requires development as well. Progress in this domain will likely be captured and disseminated in the form of best practices and technical standards created with collaboration from regulatory and industry groups. This work intends to inform those standards producers, along with the system designers, with the goal of facilitating growth in aviation systems toward safe, methodical, and robust inclusion of these new technologies. Produced by members of the manned and unmanned small aircraft community, represented by ASTM Task Group AC 377, this work strives to suggest and describe certain fundamental principles, or “pillars,” of complex aviation systems development, which are applicable to the design and architectural development of increased automation for aviation systems.
Sicheres Fundament oder schwankender Grund? Der neue EU-Rechtsrahmen zur Sanierung und Abwicklung zentraler Gegenparteien
Authors: Binder Jens-Hinrich
Published: February 2021

Mit der soeben verabschiedeten Verordnung über einen Rahmen für die Sanierung und Abwicklung zentraler Gegenparteien schließt die Europäische Union eine Lücke in dem 2012 mit der Marktinfrastrukturverordnung (EMIR) eingeführten Regulierungsrahmen für zentrale Gegenparteien – und betritt zugleich weitgehend Neuland: Nachdem der deutsche Gesetzgeber im Vorgriff auf die Verordnung erst 2020 Sondervorschriften für die Sanierung und Abwicklung zentraler Gegenparteien erlassen hatte, schafft der neue Rechtsakt erstmals europaweit einen umfassenden Rechtsrahmen für die Sanierung und Abwicklung für Institutionen, die infolge der seit der globalen Finanzkrise 2007 – 2009 eingeführten Verpflichtung zum zentralen Clearing von OTC-Derivaten erheblich nicht nur an wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung, sondern auch an Systemrelevanz gewonnen haben. Der Beitrag analysiert die damit eingeführten Neuerungen.
Einmal mehr: zur Schutzgesetzeigenschaft der Verhaltenspflichten der §§ 63 ff. WpHG unter dem Regime von MiFID II
Authors: Lang Volker
Published: February 2021

Die Frage, ob den §§ 63 ff WpHG, die nach der Umsetzung von MIFID II durch das 2. FiMaNoG die §§ 31 ff. WpHG a. F. ersetzt haben, jedenfalls partiell die Schutzgesetzeigenschaft nach § 823 Abs. 2 BGB zukommt, ist keinesfalls rein akademischer Natur. Der Aussage von Nobbe, der diese „dogmatische Spielwiese weitgehend der Rechtswissenschaft überlassen“ will kann damit nicht mehr uneingeschränkt gefolgt werden. Sofern die Schutzgesetzeigenschaft der §§ 63 ff. WpHG angenommen wird, wäre es dem einen oder anderen Anleger – trotz nach wie vor bestehender Anforderungen an die Darlegungs- und Beweislast – nämlich deutlich leichter möglich, seine Ansprüche vor Gericht durchzusetzen. Darüber hinaus trägt die Diskussion zur weiteren Rechtsfortbildung bei, die gerade im Bank- und Kapitalmarktrecht mit beeindruckender Geschwindigkeit fortschreitet. Was heute gilt, kann morgen schon Makulatur sein.
Interest rate risk in the banking book – is the SSM’s regulatory approach tight enough?
Authors: Wambold Marc , Wieandt Axel
Published: February 2021

The current low interest rate environment is an unprecedented situation for the European banking union’s single supervisory mechanism (SSM) in that it increases interest rate risk in the banking book (IRRBB) for euro area banks. Sudden upward movements in rates threaten the economic value of bank equity, and persistently high interest rates can lead to lower bank earnings. These risks point to the need for a comprehensive supervisory approach to regulating IRRBB. Given the extraordinary circumstances and high levels of IRRBB which banks are and will be exposed to, we evaluate whether the SSM’s regulatory approach is tight enough. Specifically, we assess the adequacy of the supervisory outlier tests by performing an empirical analysis on historical interest rate changes and discussing whether the earnings perspective should be included in the supervisory outlier tests. Furthermore, we consider the minimum capital requirements for IRRBB against the background of the current low interest rates.

Overall, we conclude that the current SSM’s approach on IRRBB is not tight enough. While we confirm the adequacy of the existing supervisory outlier tests, we recommend complementing them with outlier tests regarding the net interest income of banks. We further recommend implementing a standardised approach for calculating minimum capital requirements to improve banks’ resilience against IRRBB.
Green Sukuk-Based Project on Sustainable Waste Management in Indonesia
Authors: Hariyani Happy Febrina , Kusuma Hendra , Hidayat Wahyu
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Green Sukuk-Based Project on Sustainable Waste Management in Indonesia. Most of the problems that occur in waste management are related to financing. This study proposes Green Sukuk to be used by the government as a diversification of funding for municipal waste management. This paper argues that Green Sukuk can potentially be an Islamic finance instrument for financing municipal substantial waste management project carried out by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. Further, there will be costs and benefits obtained by the government as the implications of this financing. Hence, this paper attempts to find the best alternative of Sukuk strategy to be implemented in the financing of municipal waste management using Analytic Network Process (ANP) with a network of Benefit, Opportunity, Cost, Risk (BOCR) analysis. Keywords: Sustainable waste management; Green Sukuk; ANP-BOCR Abstrak. Proyek Berbasis Sukuk Hijau untuk Pengelolaan Sampah Berkelanjutan di Indonesia. Sebagian besar masalah yang terjadi dalam pengelolaan limbah adalah pembiayaan. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengatasi masalah ini, pemerintah dapat menggunakan Sukuk hijau sebagai diversifikasi pendanaan untuk pengelolaan limbah kota. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Sukuk Hijau berpotensi menjadi instrumen keuangan Islam untuk membiayai proyek pengelolaan limbah padat kota yang dilakukan oleh Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. Lebih lanjut, pemerintah memiliki potensi dan peluang untuk mengimplementasikan sistem pembiayaan ini; namun juga menghadapi potensi beban dan kerugian sebagai implikasi dari pembiayaan ini. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini berupaya menemukan strategi alternatif berupa produk Sukuk terbaik untuk diimplementasikan dalam pembiayaan pengelolaan limbah kota, dengan menggunakan Analytic Network Process (ANP) dan jaringan Analisis Manfaat, Peluang, Biaya, Risiko (BOCR). Kata kunci: Pengelolaan limbah berkelanjutan; Sukuk hijau; ANP-BOCR
Commemorating the 10th Anniversary of Al-Iqtishad Journal of Islamic Economics: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Mubarrok Ujang Syahrul , Sukmana Raditya , Ratnasari Ririn Tri
Published: February 2021

Abstract. This study bibliometrically evaluates and analyzes the articles published by Al-Iqtishad Journal in the last ten years. Data were obtained from the website of Al-Iqtishad Journal and further edited in Mendeley. The results show that the Al-Iqtishad journal had published 215 articles in the last ten years, mostly in English and Indonesian languages, with the majority of the topics on Islamic banking. These findings tend to be useful for the editorial board of Al-Iqtishad journal to evaluate and improve the publication of their articles. Keywords: Islamic Economics; Bibliometrics Abstrak. Studi ini menganalisis dan mengevaluasi secara bibliometrik artikelartikel yang diterbitkan oleh Jurnal Al-Iqtishad dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Data diperoleh dari situs web dan selanjutnya diedit di Mendeley. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jurnal Al-Iqtishad telah menerbitkan 215 artikel dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir yang sebagian besar berbahasa Inggris dan Indonesia, dengan mayoritas topik tentang perbankan syariah. Temuan ini cenderung bermanfaat bagi dewan redaksi Iqtishad untuk mengevaluasi dan meningkatkan publikasi artikel mereka.Kata kunci: Ekonomi Islam; Bibliometrik
Pengelolaan Likuiditas Bank Syariah
Authors: Ichsan Nurul
Published: February 2021

Islamic Banking Liquidity Management. This article is about management of liquidity which discuss about the position of cash money in the company and its ability to fulfill the obligation (pay the debt) on time. Management of liquidity is one of the essential function which is done by banking institution and inside its efficient management, is needed instrument and finance market which is taking not only short term but also long term, and not only conventional banking but also syariat. Through that natural necessity (placement and fulfillment of short term need), for Islamic banking in Indonesia has been availabled some instruments such as (IMA) certificate of Mudhorobah Investment between bank, (PUAS) market banking regulations between syariat bank, (SWBI) Bank of Indonesia Wadiah certificate, (FPJPS) provision about short term cost facility for Islamic banks  DOI:10.15408/aiq.v6i1.1371
Maternal Chronic Conditions and Risk of Cerebral Palsy in Offspring: A National Cohort Study
Authors: Strøm Marianne S. , Tollånes Mette C. , Wilcox Allen J. , Lie Rolv Terje , Forthun Ingeborg , Moster Dag
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Previous studies suggest that children of mothers with certain chronic conditions may be at increased risk of cerebral palsy (CP). We explored possible associations between 17 maternal chronic conditions and CP in offspring.

METHODS:

We conducted a prospective cohort study of Norwegian children born in 1990–2012 and surviving to 2 years of age. Information on maternal chronic conditions during pregnancy were extracted from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (1990–2012). Information on chronic conditions in mothers and fathers recorded in the Norwegian Patient Registry (2008–2014) was available for a subset of children. CP diagnoses were extracted from the National Insurance Scheme (1990–2014) and the Norwegian Patient Registry (2008–2014). We estimated relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CP in offspring of parents with chronic conditions compared with the general population using log binominal regression models.

RESULTS:

A total of 1 360 149 Norwegian children, including 3575 children with CP (2.6 per 1000 live births), fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The highest risk of CP was among offspring of mothers with type 2 diabetes (RR 3.2; 95% CI 1.8–5.4), lupus erythematosus (RR 2.7; 95% CI 0.9–8.3), type 1 diabetes (RR 2.2; 95% CI 1.4–3.4), and Crohn disease (RR 2.1; 95% CI 1.0–4.1) during pregnancy. No increased risks were seen for offspring of fathers with chronic conditions.

CONCLUSIONS:

Several maternal chronic conditions were associated with increased risk of CP in offspring. Maternal autoimmune disorders carried a particular risk.
Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty: State of the Art
Authors: Coghlan John G , Rothman Alexander MK , Hoole Stephen P
Published: February 2021

Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) is a novel technique for the treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. While cardiologists need no introduction to the concept of balloon angioplasty, BPA has its own particular challenges. This article aims to provide the reader with an overview of BPA, starting with an introduction to chronic thromboembolic disease (CTED), the standard management of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), technical challenges faced when performing BPA and the evidence base supporting its use. The second part of the article will focus on the future of BPA, in particular the areas where research is required to establish an evidence base to justify the role of BPA in CTEPH and CTED treatment.
Urban–Rural Differences in Drug Overdose Death Rates, 1999–2019
Authors: Hedegaard Holly
Published: February 2021

This report uses the most recent mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) to examine urban–rural differences in drug overdose death rates, for all drugs and by selected types of opioids and stimulants.
Термодинамічні властивості конденсованих середовищ при додаванні наночасток графена
Authors: Черниш Б.Б. , Артеменко С.В.
Published: February 2021

Альтернативний підхід до інтенсифікації теплообміну на основі концепції нанофлюїдів відкриває новий напрям в пошуку шляхів вдосконалення процесів переносу теплоти. Термодинамічні властивості конденсованих середовищ, що інкорпоровані в наноструктурні матеріали, є основою нових нанотехнологічних застосувань. Генеалогічні дерева графена: графіт, фулерен (C60), вуглецеві нанотрубки (CNT), що додаються до холодоагентів, змінюють їх термодинамічні властивості та фазову рівновагу. Запропоновано алгоритм розрахунку термодинамічних властивостей середовищ на основі рівняння стану NIST при різних концентраціях наночасток графена. Двоокис вуглецю був обраний основною речовиною як один із перспективних природних холодоагентів з мінімальним потенціалом глобального потепління. Одержано інформацію про термодинамічну поведінку однорідних та неоднорідних конденсованих середовищ з добавками вуглецевих наночасток генеалогічного дерева графена під впливом варіації термодинамічних параметрів. Наведено термодинамічні властивості вуглекислого газу в присутності фулеренів та карбонових нанотрубок. Розроблено моделі термодинамічної поведінки нанофлюїдів для прогнозування критичної точки чистих компонентів у присутності наноструктурованих матеріалів. Теоретично передбачено зміщення критичної точки для нанорідин. Оцінка зсуву фазової рівноваги та критичної точки показала, що ефект фулеренів та вуглецевих нанотрубок майже не змінює термодинамічну поведінку холодоагенту при низьких об'ємних концентраціях наночастинок. Побудовано рівняння стану термодинамічних властивостей технічно важливих газів з домішками наночасток генеалогічного дерева графена. Розроблено програми розрахунку та база даних  термодинамічних властивостей робочих тіл. Описано результати розрахунків фазових рівноваг деяких нанофлюїдів
Рішення завдань теплопровідності в тілі при дії двох джерел теплоти
Authors: Бошкова І.Л. , Волгушева Н.В. , Потапов М.Д. , Колесниченко Н.О. , Бондаренко О.С.
Published: February 2021

У роботі аналізуються математичні моделі, що представляють нагрівання тіл у мікрохвильовому електромагнітному полі з урахуванням масовіддачі, наприклад, при випаровуванні вологи. Дослідження ґрунтуються на підходах, запропонованих О.В. Ликовим, в основі яких лежить рівняння теплопровідності з урахуванням внутрішніх джерел теплоти, які можуть бути як позитивними, так і негативними. Об’ємний характер нагрівання матеріалу в мікрохвильовому полі дозволяє розглядати матеріал як середовище, у якому діють внутрішні позитивні джерела теплоти. Негативне джерело теплоти пов'язане з потоком вологи, що випарувалася. Розглядаються моделі, що описують теплопровідність у напівобмеженому масиві при граничних умовах I і III роду. Рішення моделей у неявному (диференціальному) вигляді привело до одержання залежностей для розрахунку локальних температур у тілі. Проведено аналіз розрахункових даних по розподілу вологовмісту й температури матеріалу в процесі сушіння при мікрохвильовому підведенні енергії. Представлено результати розрахунків при різних значеннях коефіцієнтів тепловіддачі, питомої потужності магнетронів, коефіцієнта температуропровідності матеріалу. Отримано відповідність розрахун­кових значень реальним фізичним процесам. У той же час виявлені області, для яких розрахунки не відповідають реальній фізичній картині. Визначені обмеження по застосовності по питомій щільності теплового потоку й коефіцієнту тепловіддачі. Аналітично досліджена середня температура тіла з безперервно діючими джерелами теплоти при граничних умовах III роду. Установлено, що для одержання достовірних даних по температурах матеріалу по аналітичним залежностям, отриманим для середньої безрозмірної надлишкової температури, потрібне виконання умови tc > t0 (температура навколишнього середовища вище температури матеріалу)
Визначення енергоефективності термодинамічних циклів когенераційних машин комерційного призначення
Authors: Морозюк Л.І. , Соколовська-Єфименко В.В. , Грудка Б.Г. , Басов А.М. , Іванова Л.В.
Published: February 2021

У багатьох комерційних підприємствах на реалізацію процесів охолодження припадає значна час­тина загального енергоспоживання підприємства. Для моніторингу справжнього споживання електроенергії під час безперервної роботи холодильних систем сформовано і методично обґрунтовано способи розрахунку енергоефективності. Основною вимогою до методики енергетичного аналізу таких систем є її базування на принципах і законах термодинаміки. Системним кордоном для порівняння ефективності холодильних та теплонасосних установок є теплова або холодильна потужність та температурний режим роботи. Машину, яка досліджується, призначено для під­приємства торгівлі з широким асортиментом продуктів з двома постійними температурними рівнями короткострокового зберігання. Відповідні холодопродуктивності різні за кількісними показниками, але постійні за часом. Визначення показників ефективності здійснено в системних кор­донах термодинамічного циклу та конструкційних особливостей елементів машини. Вид аналізу – порівняння енергетичної ефективності та габаритів циклів двох або більшої кількості машин з різними робочими речовинами. З використанням еталонних циклів здійснено числове моделювання процесів в теплофікаційній холодильній машині з робочими речовинами R404А та СО2 у єдиному робочому режимі. Розрахунки проведені для шести схемно-циклових рішень. Результатами розв’язання «енергетичної» задачі є дійсний коефіцієнт перетворення СОР. Аналіз показав низьку енергетичну ефективність одноступеневих циклів в режимі теплофікаційної машини з двома тем­пературами кипіння, одна з яких є низькотемпературною. Найвища ефективність у машин, які працюють за циклом двоступеневого стиснення з двома випарниками та детандером перед високотемпературним випарником. Результатами розвязання «транспортної» задачі є визначення теоретичної об’ємної холодопродуктивності компресорів (габариту циклу). Порівняльний аналіз результатів констатує, що габарит циклу з СО2 втричі менший за R404A. Рекомендація на перспективу – двоступенева машина з двома випарниками та проміжною посудиною з СО2. За розв’язанням усіх задач вказаний цикл має найкращі характеристики.
Health promotion in coping with COVID-19: a Virtual Culture Circle experience
Authors: Souza Jeane Barros de , Heidemann Ivonete Teresinha Schülter Buss , Massaroli Aline , Geremia Daniela Savi
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To report the experience of a Virtual Culture Circle with Brazilian families about coping with COVID-19, as a space that promotes health during the pandemic. Method: Experience resulting from an extension action, the Virtual Culture Circle was held based on Paulo Freire's Research Itinerary. It counted with the participation of seven families from different locations in Brazil. During the dialogues, a house was built: the foundation represented the thematic research; walls and roof, coding and decoding; doors and windows, the critical unveiling. Results: The action-reflection-action process favored the approach and integration of the participants of the Culture Circle; despite the geographical distance, it is an innovative strategy for empowerment and health promotion. Final considerations: The Virtual Culture Circle constituted a soft technology for health care and can be explored as a tool for promoting health, especially in scenarios where face-to-face meetings are an impossibility.
Serum biochemistry profile of laying hens fed diets with fish waste oil
Authors: Brelaz K.C.B.T.R. , Cruz F.G.G. , Rufino J.P.F. , Brasil R.J.M. , Silva A.F. , Santos A.N.A.
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate increasing levels of fish waste oil in diets for laying hens on serum biochemistry profile. 192 Hisex White laying hens at 29 weeks of age were used, with water and food ad libitum. The experimental design was completely randomized consisting of eight treatments corresponding to the inclusion levels of fish waste oil (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5%) in the diets, with four replicates of six birds each. Data collected were subjected to polynomial regression at 5% of significance. Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in triglycerides, glucose, total cholesterol, and uric acid. These parameters presented a decrease when hens fed diets with higher level of fish waste oil. The results of the present study indicated that the inclusion of fish waste oil caused a significant effect in the serum biochemical profile of laying hens, especially in glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and uric acid concentrations. The inclusion level of 3.5% of fish waste oil caused larger disequilibrium in the serum biochemical profile of laying hens.
Uso do gérmen de milho desengordurado, com e sem adição de um complexo enzimático, em dietas para cães
Authors: Sabchuk T.T. , Bastos T.S. , Komarcheuski A.S. , Maiorka A. , Félix A.P. , Oliveira S.G.
Published: February 2021

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar o coeficiente de digestibilidade aparente (CDA) dos nutrientes, a palatabilidade das dietas e as características fecais de cães alimentados com uma dieta controle e uma dieta contendo 20% de gérmen desengordurado (GD), com e sem adição de complexo enzimático (amilase, xilanase, betaglucanase e mananase). Para o experimento de digestibidade e das características fecais, foram utilizados 12 cães adultos, distribuídos em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 (dieta x enzima). O segundo experimento avaliou a palatabilidade, por meio da primeira escolha e da razão de ingestão (RI) da dieta DC vs. 20% de GD, utilizando-se 16 cães. O teste de palatabilidade contou com três dias consecutivos, totalizando 48 repetições. A dieta com inclusão de 20% de GD teve os menores valores de CDA da MS, da EB e da EM (P<0,05). A inclusão do complexo enzimático melhorou o CDA da MS, da EB e da EM (P<0,05). Não foram observadas diferenças nas características fecais (P>0,05). Em relação à palatabilidade, os cães preferiram a dieta 20% de GD, tanto na primeira escolha como na RI (P<0,05). A inclusão de enzimas às dietas melhora a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e da EM, sendo um aditivo com potencial uso na alimentação de cães.
Anestesia intravenosa contínua com cetamina racêmica ou dextrocetamina e detomidina em cadelas
Authors: Henrique F.V. , Pereira S.A.R.S. , Batista L.F. , Oliveira L.H. , Monteiro N.M.O. , Parentoni R.N. , Souza A.P. , Vaz A.F.M. , Nóbrega Neto P.I.
Published: February 2021

RESUMO Objetivou-se com este estudo comparar a associação de detomidina e cetamina ou dextrocetamina, por via intravenosa contínua, em oito cadelas submetidas a dois protocolos: GCD - indução anestésica com 5mg/kg e infusão intravenosa contínua de 20mg/kg/h de cetamina; e GDD - indução com 3,5mg/kg e infusão de 14mg/kg/h de dextrocetamina. Associou-se detomidina, 30µg/kg/h, em ambos os grupos. Registraram-se frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial (PA), frequência respiratória (f), temperatura (TC), miorrelaxamento, analgesia, hemogasometria e eletrocardiograma, antes e 15 minutos após a MPA (Mbasal e Mmpa); após o início da infusão (Mic); a cada 10 minutos até 90 minutos (M10, M20, M30, M40, M50, M60, M70, M80 e M90); e 30 minutos após o fim da infusão (M120). Foi observada bradicardia em Mmpa no GCD e de Mmpa a M10 no GDD. Ocorreu hipotensão em Mmpa e hipertensão a partir de Mic. A f diminuiu de M10 a M30. Foram observados: onda T de alta amplitude, bloqueios atrioventriculares e parada sinusal. Ocorreu acidose respiratória. O período de recuperação foi de 219,6±72,3 minutos no GCD e de 234,1±96,8 minutos no GDD. A cetamina e a dextrocetamina, associadas à detomidina por infusão contínua, causam efeitos cardiorrespiratórios e anestésicos similares.
Evaluation of acute cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic changes in perioperative intravenous antimicrobial applications in cats
Authors: Gomide P.R.S. , Costa R.C. , Faria L.G. , Brondani J.T. , Gering A.P. , Escobar A. , Santarosa B.P. , Minto B.W.
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The metabolic peculiarities of felines favor an intoxication. Fifty healthy female cats were divided into five groups: PG (placebo group), G2 (cefazolin), G3 (ceftriaxone), G4 (enrofloxacin) and G5 (ampicillin) were used. The parameters evaluated were: total expired carbon dioxide (ETCO2), oxygen saturation in hemoglobin (SpO2), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), body temperature (BT), systolic, mean and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, mBP and DBP) by invasive method, at T0, 5 (T5), 10 (T10), 15 (T15), 20 (T20), 25 (T25) and 30 (T30) minutes after administration of the treatments. HR presented reduction in G2 compared to PG at all times, except T20, and in G4, T25 and T30 were lower than the T0 values (P<0.05). BT showed increase in the G3 at T0 and T5 and all groups showed reduction in the values of BT relative to T0 (P<0.05). ETCO2 increased in G2 and G5 at all times compared to PG (P<0.05) and there were no differences among the times within each group. It was concluded that ceftriaxone is safer for the prophylactic antimicrobial use in cats, however the other antimicrobials are also indicated, because all the parameters, in all groups, basically did not change over the study and when this occurs it remains in reference interval.
Effect of housing system during pregnancy on reproductive parameters of sows
Authors: Perini J.E.G.N. , Ludtke C.B. , Tanure C.B. , Seixas L. , Peripolli V. , McManus C.
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of sows in individual stalls (Stall) or group-housed into groups on days 3 to 5 (Pen5) or 38 to 42 (Pen42) after breeding. The reproductive data was collected from the operating system of the farm establishing the average of the weekly performances of the sows that gave birth, for four years, except for the Pen5 system, which was evaluated for three years. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS®, using MIXED (for quantitative traits), NPAR1WAY (for categorical traits) and LOGISTIC (binomial traits) procedures, using sows as a repeated measure. Sows in Stall system had piglets with higher birth weight them sows in the group-housed system (P<0.05), however the piglets born alive, total piglets weaned, average litter weight, and duration of farrowing were lower in this system than in the group-housed (P<0.0001). There was no difference between Pen5 and Stall systems for gestation period and mummified piglets. The Pen42 system had a higher percentage of mummified piglets and a shorter gestation period, when compared Pen5 and Stall systems (P<0.0001), and similar results to the Pen5 system for duration of farrowing, piglets born alive, stillbirths, total piglets weaned, average litter weight and birth weight (P<0.0001).
Ultrasound and endoscopic findings in dogs with lymphangiectasia
Authors: Malancus R.N.
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Lymphangiectasia is a heterogenous inflammatory bowel disease characterized by lymphatic vessel dilation, chronic diarrhea and protein loss such as serum albumin and globulin. The most common cause of lymphangiectasia is considered to be the congenital malformation of the lymphatics. The study was conducted between 2012-2015 on 76 dogs suffering from intestinal disorders and manifesting digestive symptoms such as diarrhea or weight loss. In order to assess the origin of disorder, physical examination, biochemistry profile, ultrasound and endoscopic examinations were performed. Ultrasound examination tried to assess the changes of intestines’ echogenicity, changes in wall thickness, wall layering and presence of striations or / and speckles (hyperechoic structures along intestinal mucosal layer). Endoscopic examination ﬁndings included dilated lacteals (59.2%) and erythema (21.1%). Although increased friability was observed in 33 dogs, it was not considered in the study due to limitations represented by the evaluation of the endoscopic images only. The study proved that an extremely significant statistical correlation exists between the presence of speckles and dilated lacteals in dogs with lymphangiectasia (P<0.05). Up to now, there is no other study to make an association between the white spots observed in ultrasound examination and dilated lacteals revealed after endoscopy in dogs with intestinal lymphangiectasia.
Analysis of the population structure of a cattle conservation nucleus Curraleiro Pé Duro
Authors: Ribeiro N.L. , Medeiros G.R. , Nascimento G.V. , Arandas J.K.G. , Ribeiro M.N.
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to study the population structure of the Cattle Conservation Nucleos Curraleiro Pé Duro of the Instituto Nacional do Semiárido (NCP_INSA) based on pedigree data. Genealogical information from 338 animals registered in the period from 1991 to 2019 was used. The number of founding animals (Nf), the effective number of founders (fe), effective number of ancestors (fa), inbreeding coefficient (F), and average relatedness coefficient (AR), in addition to Fis, Fit and Fst were estimated. It was possible to identify ancestors up to the third generation, with an increase in information over the generations. Of the total pedigree information evaluated, 90.53% had the identification of the father and mother. The effective size of the population was smaller than those proposed by FAO, suggesting the need to redefine the herd management and genetic management plan strategies, promoting gene flow and breed expansion.
Subclinical ketosis risk prediction in dairy cows based on prepartum metabolic indices
Authors: Wang D. , Yu D. , Zhao C. , Xia C. , Xu C. , Wu L.
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Ketosis can seriously impair cow performance. This study detected changes in prepartum blood metabolic parameters for predicting postpartum ketosis occurrence in dairy cows. Body condition score (BCS) was assessed before and after delivery. Blood samples of 63 cows were collected from 10 days before calving to 10 days after calving to measure metabolic parameters including β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), glucose (GLU), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLO), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). There was a postpartum subclinical ketosis incidence of 42.25%. Compared with prepartum, plasma, levels of BHBA, AST, and NEFA significantly increased postpartum, and prepartum AST (R=0.57) and NEFA (R=0.45) showed a significant positive correlation with ketosis postpartum. Plasma GLU level significantly decreased postpartum and was significantly negatively correlated with ketosis (R=-0.21). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed prepartum BSC < 2.88, and prepartum plasma AST > 68.0 U/L, GLU < 3.97mmol/L, NEFA > 0.27mmol/L, and BHBA > 0.43mmol/L, indicating a high risk of subclinical ketosis postpartum. These levels can be used as risk indicators to predict the occurrence of subclinical ketosis in postpartum cows.
Relationship between superovulation and embryo production with ovarian follicular population before superovulatory treatment in Brazilian Bergamasca sheep
Authors: Kolling A.P.M.L. , Brilhante G.C. , Drechmer J. , Santos L.M. , Silva B.D.M. , Ramos A.F.
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to quantify the superovulatory response and embryo production of Brazilian Bergamasca sheep and to evaluate the link to the follicular condition before superovulatory treatment, as a reference for selection of donors with potential for superovulation. Follicular population of twenty-three sheep was evaluated by ultrasound during metestrus phase of the estrous cycle and divided into groups of low, medium and high follicular population. Subsequently, they were synchronized, superovulated with 133mg of pFSH, mated and subjected to embryo collection. The superovulatory response (9.0±3.3 vs 10.7±6.2 vs 13.8±7.1) and embryo production (4.0±3.8 vs 2.6±2.0 vs 1,8±4.0) were similar between groups (P>0.05). There was a positive correlation between the number of follicles during the metestrus phase and the number of corpus luteum with premature regression (PLR) (0.52) and a negative correlation between the recovery rate and PLR (-0.44) (P<0.05). The sheep that presented PLR had more follicles during metestrus (16.9±7.8 vs 12.7±3.2) and lower embryo recovery rate (38.8±29.3 vs 72.2±29.9) than those with functional CLs (P<0.05). Follicular quantification during metestrus phases was unable to identify donors with high embryo production. Animals with PLR had a larger follicular population during metestrus and lower embryo recovery rate.
Comparison between different sources of minerals in horses with nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Gobesso A.A.O. , Wajnsztejn H. , Ribeiro R.M. , Bastos F.L. , Etchichury M. , Araújo Júnior A.M.C.
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Minerals perform several functions in the body, such as coagulation actions, muscle contraction, enzymatic and hormonal production, among others. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a 150 days chelated and not chelated mineral supplementation with and without potassium oxalate on serological parameters and bone mineral density of horses. Twenty-four crossbred yearlings (12 females and 12 males) with an average age of 21±3 months and body weight of 330.8±37.9kg were divided into four groups containing six equines in each (three females and three males) in a completely randomized design with repeated measurements in a 2x2 factorial arrangement. Treatments were: 1 - chelated minerals compound; 2 - chelated minerals compound and potassium oxalate; 3 - not chelated minerals compound; and 4 - not chelated minerals compound and potassium oxalate. Clinical signs of nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism (NSH) were observed only in treatment 4. Results showed no treatment effect in bone biopsy for calcium, phosphorus and bone density. There were significant reductions of parathyroid hormone (PTH) means concentrations in treatments 2 and 4 during supplementation. Animals supplemented with chelated minerals compounds avoided mineral imbalances and NSH even when in dietary potassium oxalate challenged.
Brain teratoma in a free-ranging mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ˗ case report
Authors: Santana C.H. , Santos D.O. , Souza L.R. , Pimentel S.P. , Oliveira A.R. , Moreira L.G.A. , Otoni L.V.A. , Silva C.L.R. , Santos R.L.
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Teratoma is a rare neoplasia with differentiation in two or three germ cell lines. Intracranial teratoma in birds has rarely been reported, especially affecting the brain. This is the first report of a brain teratoma in a mallard with neurological clinical signs. The neoplasm was characterized as a mature brain teratoma, extending from the cerebellum to the brainstem, and with one nodule in the cortex.
O processo de descentralização intramunicipal em São Paulo
Authors: Coelho Rony
Published: February 2021

RESUMO Introdução: As gestões de grandes centros urbanos têm se tornado um crescente desafio contemporâneo. Em São Paulo, problemas estruturais desde longa data deixaram marcas profundas e indeléveis no seu tecido socioespacial. Visando um modelo político-administrativo para um território de alta complexidade, foi consubstanciada na Lei Orgânica do Município, de 1990, a decisão de descentralizar a gestão municipal. Este artigo tem por objetivo examinar o processo de implementação da descentralização intramunicipal na capital paulista em suas dimensões política, administrativa e orçamentária. Para tanto, analisa os mecanismos criados para a gestão territorial, estendendo a análise até a última gestão finalizada na cidade, a de Haddad (2013-16). Materiais e métodos: A pesquisa é qualitativa e adota como perspectiva teórico-metodológica a “análise processual”, segundo a qual a descentralização é um conjunto de medidas e reformas adotadas em camadas ao longo tempo. Recorre principalmente à análise documental (legislação) e a referências bibliográficas, que, aliás, mostram-se carentes em relação ao tema. Procura adaptar, heuristicamente, os termos do debate sobre descentralização dos níveis nacionais/subnacionais para os municipais/intramunicipais de forma a contemplar o caso analisado. Resultados: As evidências encontradas sugerem uma longa e desvairada trajetória do processo de descentralização na capital paulista. Portanto, não se aplica o “efeito catraca” descrito na literatura, em que as várias dimensões ou camadas dos processos de descentralização se dão de forma sequencial e seguindo uma mesma direção a cada nova rodada. Devido a um processo não consensual entre as consecutivas gestões executivas municipais sobre quais deveriam ser os papeis dos órgãos submunicipais, o processo de descentralização tem enfrentado várias reviravoltas. Discussão: O artigo busca somar esforços à ampliação do conhecimento sobre o processo de gestão submunicipal na maior cidade da América Latina, especialmente ao empenhar-se em operacionalizar uma análise longitudinal de médio alcance, e ao ariscar, em diálogo com a literatura tanto nacional quanto internacional, uma definição para a noção de descentralização intramunicipal, ainda que a pesquisa seja incipiente.
Ato infracional, escola e papéis profissionais: tramas complexas em relações frágeis
Authors: Borba Patrícia Leme de Oliveira , Pereira Beatriz Prado , Lopes Roseli Esquerdo
Published: February 2021

Resumo Apresenta-se um estudo realizado com três adolescentes para os quais o ato infracional foi desdobramento de atos indisciplinares ocorridos no interior de uma escola pública. Articulando ação profissional e de pesquisa, foram feitos acompanhamentos singulares e territoriais, com base na terapia ocupacional social, na etnografia e na história oral. A análise das histórias de vida desses jovens e do conflito vivido por eles, que levou ao cumprimento de medida socioeducativa, nos demonstra a necessidade de a escola ter maior gerência sobre seus conflitos internos. Sugere-se que a escola possa buscar apoio em serviços socioassistenciais que compõem a política nacional da assistência social, delineando-se também possíveis contribuições dos terapeutas ocupacionais no diálogo entre os setores da assistência social e da educação.
Padrão alimentar de idosos longevos não frágeis e sua relação com baixo peso, massa, força muscular e teste de velocidade de marcha
Authors: Jansen Ann Kristine , Rosa Giselle Geane Gonçalves , Lopes Filho José Divino , Cruz Maria Isabel Coelho da , Moraes Edgar Nunes de , Santos Rodrigo Ribeiro dos
Published: February 2021

Resumo Objetivos Identificar o padrão alimentar de idosos longevos não frágeis e avaliar a associação desse padrão a composição corporal, força muscular e teste de velocidade de marcha. Métodos Estudo transversal com uma amostra de 96 idosos com idade ≥80 anos, não frágeis. O consumo alimentar foi analisado por meio de três registros alimentares não consecutivos e a massa muscular por meio da área muscular do braço. A força muscular foi medida por dinamometria. A análise de Cluster foi utilizada para distinguir os padrões alimentares. Realizou-se a análise bivariada e a Regressão de Poisson multivariado, explorando a relação dos padrões alimentares com as variáveis independentes específicas. Resultados Foram identificados dois padrões alimentares, rotulados de padrão saudável e padrão tradicional. A prevalência de baixo peso nos idosos do padrão tradicional foi 10% (IC95% 1,01-1,20) maior do que nos idosos do padrão saudável e está prevalência praticamente manteve-se (RP 1,09; IC 1,00-1,18) no modelo ajustado por funcionalidade. Quanto a classificação da área muscular do braço os idosos do padrão tradicional apresentaram 15% (IC95% 1,00-1,32) maior prevalência de baixa massa muscular, quando comparada com os idosos do padrão saudável. Essa prevalência no modelo ajustado por funcionalidade, deixou de ser estatisticamente significativa. Não foi encontrada associação do padrão alimentar com força muscular e teste de velocidade de marcha. Conclusões Os achados demonstraram que os idosos adeptos ao padrão alimentar saudável tem menor risco de baixo peso e que a baixa massa muscular está provavelmente mais associada a funcionalidade do que ao padrão alimentar.
Educação remota na continuidade da formação médica em tempos de pandemia: viabilidade e percepções
Authors: Silva Pedro Henrique dos Santos , Faustino Luciana Rocha , Oliveira Sobrinho Maurício Santana de , Silva Franciele Basso Fernandes
Published: February 2021

Resumo: Introdução: Com a interrupção das atividades educacionais das universidades por causa da pandemia da Covid-19, formas de ensino virtuais, como a educação remota (ER), passaram a ser debatidas no meio acadêmico. No entanto, faz-se necessária uma avaliação criteriosa da ER antes de sua aplicação visando à qualidade do ensino. Objetivo: Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a viabilidade da implantação da ER para discentes de um curso de Medicina. Método: Aplicou-se um formulário on-line no qual constavam questões sobre aspectos demográficos e socioeconômicos, sobre acesso às tecnologias digitais e uma pergunta subjetiva relacionada ao uso da ER. Os dados quantitativos foram comparados pelos testes Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney com p < 0,05. Analisaram-se os dados qualitativos por meio do método de Classificação Hierárquica Descendente, e houve ainda uma análise pós-fatorial. Resultados: O perfil socioeconômico de 266 participantes foi variado, sendo a maioria dos discentes brasileiros do sexo masculino, adultos jovens, cor da pele parda e renda familiar média elevada. Todos relataram ter acesso à energia elétrica, mas não à água encanada, à coleta pública de lixo e ao esgotamento sanitário. Todos possuíam pelo menos um equipamento eletrônico para acesso à internet, mas com variação no tipo e na velocidade da conexão. Um total de 80,8% dos discentes avaliou como viável a implantação da ER para o seguimento do curso. No entanto, 8,65% dos discentes afirmaram que os equipamentos e a internet disponíveis não permitiriam o acompanhamento das atividades on-line. Foi observada uma correlação significativa entre a velocidade de acesso à internet e a renda familiar média, a cor da pele e o local da residência (p < 0,05), bem como entre possuir equipamentos adequados à ER e a renda familiar média (p < 0,05). A análise da pergunta objetiva revelou seis categorias: a necessidade de organização dos procedimentos e o anseio pela volta à normalidade; custos e benefícios da ER; planejamento e garantia da acessibilidade de todos os estudantes à internet de qualidade; acreditar que a realização da ER não é a solução para o problema; capacitação de professores e acadêmicos para o uso das plataformas digitais; e o querer realizar a ER; surgindo uma variedade de opiniões, visões e realidades pelos discentes. Conclusão: Apenas o seguimento da ER, sem garantia de acesso para todos os discentes, é insuficiente e necessita da intervenção dos gestores para não haver prejuízo na aprendizagem daqueles menos favorecidos.