bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma: Case Presentation with Review of Literature
Authors: Cazzato Gerardo , Colagrande Anna , Cimmino Antonietta , Silecchia Mariella , Lettini Teresa , Resta Leonardo , Ingravallo Giuseppe
Published: June 2021

Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma is a rare neoplasm with an intermediate malignant potential, that mostly occurs in the subcutis and features varying proportions of epithelioid, ovoid and spindle cells in a nodular and syncytial growth pattern, with hemorrhagic pseudovascular spaces. Here, we report the clinical case of a 68-year-old man who presented with AFH on the right arm; the disease relapsed a few years after surgical excision. We also conduct a brief review of the literature, focusing on the biological and genetic characteristics and the differential diagnosis from other more or less similar entities.
Lipoplexes to Deliver Oligonucleotides in Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria: Towards Treatment of Blood Infections
Authors: Pereira Sara , Santos Rita Sobral , Moreira Luís , Guimarães Nuno , Gomes Mariana , Zhang Heyang , Remaut Katrien , Braeckmans Kevin , De Smedt Stefaan , Azevedo Nuno Filipe
Published: June 2021

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics threatens the ability to treat life-threatening bloodstream infections. Oligonucleotides (ONs) composed of nucleic acid mimics (NAMs) able to inhibit essential genes can become an alternative to traditional antibiotics, as long as they are safely transported in human serum upon intravenous administration and they are carried across the multilayered bacterial envelopes, impermeable to ONs. In this study, fusogenic liposomes were considered to transport the ONs and promote their internalization in clinically relevant bacteria. Locked nucleic acids and 2′-OMethyl RNA were evaluated as model NAMs and formulated into DOTAP–DOPE liposomes followed by post-PEGylation. Our data showed a complexation stability between the post-PEGylated liposomes and the ONs of over 82%, during 24 h in native human serum, as determined by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Quantification by a lipid-mixing assay showed that liposomes, with and without post-PEGylation, fused with all bacteria tested. Such fusion promoted the delivery of a fraction of the ONs into the bacterial cytosol, as observed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and bacterial fractionation. In short, we demonstrated for the first time that liposomes can safely transport ONs in human serum and intracellularly deliver them in both Gram-negative and -positive bacteria, which holds promise towards the treatment of bloodstream infections.
Evaluation of a New Home Patient Services Practicum for Community Pharmacy Students in Japan
Authors: Kubota Rie , Mukai Junichi , Yamada Michiko , Yoshino Yurika , Okamura Nakaba
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the practicum as well as assess the knowledge, skills, and various specific realizations that the students gained from it. A total of 244 students role-played a scenario in which a pharmacist visited a patient at home and provided pharmaceutical management services. After completing the practicum, the students completed (i) a questionnaire survey consisting of six questions that assessed their level of understanding of the role of pharmacists in home medical care and (ii) a rubric survey that evaluated their learning achievement. In addition, they submitted practicum portfolios describing the patients’ living conditions, physical conditions, and background as well as the services that required consideration of said variables. Their responses to the portfolio item “What were noticed through the practicum” were analyzed using the grounded theory approach. After the practicum, 45% and 53% of the students reported having a full and partial understanding of a pharmacists’ role in home medical care. The students’ mean ± standard deviation rubric score was 3.0 ± 0.4. They classified monitoring drug use, support for improving medication adherence, and observation to identify side effects early as major service categories in home medical care. The practicum led the students to perceive the need for communication with patients and various healthcare professionals to improve their readiness for practical training.
Multicolor Holographic Display of 3D Scenes Using Referenceless Phase Holography (RELPH)
Authors: Müller André F. , Rukin Ilja , Falldorf Claas , Bergmann Ralf B.
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we present a multicolor display via referenceless phase holography (RELPH). RELPH permits the display of full optical wave fields (amplitude and phase) using two liquid crystal phase-only spatial light modulators in a Michelson-interferometer-based arrangement. Complex wave fields corresponding to arbitrary real or artificial 3D scenes are decomposed into two mutually coherent wave fields of constant amplitude whose phase distributions are modulated onto the wave fields reflected by the respective light modulators. Here, we present the realization of that concept in two different ways: firstly, via temporal multiplexing using a single setup, switching between wavelengths for temporal integration of the respective wavefields; secondly, using spatial multiplexing of different wavelengths with multiple Michelson-based setups; and finally, we present an approach to magnify the 3D scenes displayed by light modulators with limited space–bandwidth product for a comfortable viewing experience.
Assessing the Effects of Agronomic Management Practices on Soybean (Glycine max L.) Post-Grain Harvest Residue Quality in the Lower Mississippi Delta
Authors: Pinnamaneni Srinivasa R. , Anapalli Saseendran S.
Published: June 2021

Livestock producers often resort to either baling or grazing of crop residues due to high hay prices and reduced supply of other forages and silage in the markets. Soil-water-crop management practices can affect residue nutrient qualities for its use as cattle feedstock. A two-year study (2018–2019) was conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation (AI, all row-irrigation; ARI, alternate row irrigation; and RF, rainfed) and planting pattern, PP (SR, single row; and TR, twin-row) on soybean (maturity group IV cv. 31RY45 Dyna-Gro) post-grain harvest residue quality such as crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), net energy for maintenance (NEM), net energy for gain (NEG), net energy for lactation (NEL), total digestible nutrients (TDN), and relative feed value (RFV). Irrigation has a significant effect on CP, ADF, NDF, and TDN while PP affected only NDF. All the above parameters were significantly affected except NEM by the contrasting climate conditions, particularly during July through August coinciding with early crop reproductive stages and maturity. The RFV values ranged from 70.4 to 81.6 and this lower range was attributable to nutrient translocation to seeds and higher lignification during plant senescence towards the grain filling stage of the crop as good quality hay records over 120 RFV. These results indicate that both irrigation and weather during soybean seed development can alter post-grain harvest residue quality parameters, thereby playing critical roles in its RFV.
Esterification of Lignin Isolated by Deep Eutectic Solvent Using Fatty Acid Chloride, and Its Composite Film with Poly(lactic acid)
Authors: Park Chan-Woo , Han Song-Yi , Bandi Rajkumar , Dadigala Ramakrishna , Lee Eun-Ah , Kim Jeong-Ki , Cindradewi Azelia Wulan , Kwon Gu-Joong , Lee Seung-Hwan
Published: June 2021

In this study, the effect of lignin esterification with fatty acid chloride on the properties of lignin and lignin/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites was investigated. Lignocellulose (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) was treated using a deep eutectic solvent (DES) with choline chloride (ChCl)/lactic acid (LA). From the DES-soluble fraction, DES-lignin (DL) was isolated by a regeneration process. Lignin esterification was conducted with palmitoyl chloride (PC). As the PC loading increased for DL esterification, the Mw of esterified DL (EDL) was increased, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) was decreased. In DL or EDL/PLA composite films, it was observed that EDL/PLA had cleaner and smoother morphological characteristics than DL/PLA. The addition of DL or EDL in a PLA matrix resulted in a deterioration of tensile properties as compared with neat PLA. The EDL/PLA composite film had a higher tensile strength and elastic modulus than the DL/PLA composite film. DL esterification decreased water absorption with lower water diffusion coefficients. The effect of lignin esterification on improving the compatibility of lignin and PLA was demonstrated. These results are expected to contribute to the development of high-strength lignin composites.
Macro and Micro Routes to High Performance Bioplastics: Bioplastic Biodegradability and Mechanical and Barrier Properties
Authors: Attallah Olivia A. , Mojicevic Marija , Garcia Eduardo Lanzagorta , Azeem Muhammad , Chen Yuanyuan , Asmawi Shumayl , Brenan Fournet Margaret
Published: June 2021

On a score sheet for plastics, bioplastics have a medium score for combined mechanical performance and a high score for biodegradability with respect to counterpart petroleum-based plastics. Analysis quickly confirms that endeavours to increase the mechanical performance score for bioplastics would be far more achievable than delivering adequate biodegradability for the recalcitrant plastics, while preserving their impressive mechanical performances. Key architectural features of both bioplastics and petroleum-based plastics, namely, molecular weight (Mw) and crystallinity, which underpin mechanical performance, typically have an inversely dependent relationship with biodegradability. In the case of bioplastics, both macro and micro strategies with dual positive correlation on mechanical and biodegradability performance, are available to address this dilemma. Regarding the macro approach, processing using selected fillers, plasticisers and compatibilisers have been shown to enhance both targeted mechanical properties and biodegradability within bioplastics. Whereas, regarding the micro approach, a whole host of bio and chemical synthetic routes are uniquely available, to produce improved bioplastics. In this review, the main characteristics of bioplastics in terms of mechanical and barrier performances, as well as biodegradability, have been assessed—identifying both macro and micro routes promoting favourable bioplastics’ production, processability and performance.
A Study of Automatic Judgment of Food Color and Cooking Conditions with Artificial Intelligence Technology
Authors: Lin Chern-Sheng , Pan Yu-Ching , Kuo Yu-Xin , Chen Ching-Kun , Tien Chuen-Lin
Published: June 2021

In this study, the machine vision and artificial intelligence algorithms were used to rapidly check the degree of cooking of foods and avoid the over-cooking of foods. Using a smart induction cooker for heating, the image processing program automatically recognizes the color of the food before and after cooking. The new cooking parameters were used to identify the cooking conditions of the food when it is undercooked, cooked, and overcooked. In the research, the camera was used in combination with the software for development, and the real-time image processing technology was used to obtain the information of the color of the food, and through calculation parameters, the cooking status of the food was monitored. In the second year, using the color space conversion, a novel algorithm, and artificial intelligence, the foreground segmentation was used to separate the vegetables from the background, and the cooking ripeness, cooking unevenness, oil glossiness, and sauce absorption were calculated. The image color difference and the distribution were used to judge the cooking conditions of the food, so that the cooking system can identify whether or not to adopt partial tumbling, or to end a cooking operation. A novel artificial intelligence algorithm is used in the relative field, and the error rate can be reduced to 3%. This work will significantly help researchers working in the advanced cooking devices.
Applied Proteomics in ‘One Health’
Authors: Katsarou Eleni I. , Billinis Charalambos , Galamatis Dimitrios , Fthenakis George C. , Tsangaris George Th. , Katsafadou Angeliki I.
Published: June 2021

‘One Health’ summarises the idea that human health and animal health are interdependent and bound to the health of ecosystems. The purpose of proteomics methodologies and studies is to determine proteins present in samples of interest and to quantify changes in protein expression during pathological conditions. The objectives of this paper are to review the application of proteomics technologies within the One Health concept and to appraise their role in the elucidation of diseases and situations relevant to One Health. The paper develops in three sections. Proteomics Applications in Zoonotic Infections part discusses proteomics applications in zoonotic infections and explores the use of proteomics for studying pathogenetic pathways, transmission dynamics, diagnostic biomarkers and novel vaccines in prion, viral, bacterial, protozoan and metazoan zoonotic infections. Proteomics Applications in Antibiotic Resistance part discusses proteomics applications in mechanisms of resistance development and discovery of novel treatments for antibiotic resistance. Proteomics Applications in Food Safety part discusses the detection of allergens, exposure of adulteration, identification of pathogens and toxins, study of product traits and characterisation of proteins in food safety. Sensitive analysis of proteins, including low-abundant ones in complex biological samples, will be achieved in the future, thus enabling implementation of targeted proteomics in clinical settings, shedding light on biomarker research and promoting the One Health concept.
Retrieving Three-Dimensional Large Surface Displacements in Coal Mining Areas by Combining SAR Pixel Offset Measurements with an Improved Mining Subsidence Model
Authors: Chen Bingqian , Mei Han , Li Zhenhong , Wang Zhengshuai , Yu Yang , Yu Hao
Published: June 2021

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology can obtain one-dimensional surface displacements in the radar line of sight (LOS). In the field of mining subsidence, large 3D movements often occur at the same time, and hence InSAR derived one-dimensional LOS displacements can hardly reflect the actual surface motion in mining areas. To realize the monitoring of three-dimensional large surface displacements in mining areas, a method for monitoring three-dimensional large surface displacements in mining areas that combines SAR pixel offset tracking (OT) and an improved mining subsidence model is proposed in this article. First, a new functional relationship between surface subsidence and horizontal movement combined with the characteristics of the overburden rock stress and the deformation characteristics of the fractured rock mass in coal mining areas is established. Then, a three-dimensional surface deformation model is established based on the proposed relationship between surface subsidence and horizontal movement and the radar projection equation, and finally, the optimal parameters of the deformation model are inverted iteratively using LOS deformation results obtained by OT method to retrieve the three-dimensional large displacements of the surface. The significant advantage of the method proposed in this article is that it can accurately acquire the 3D large surface displacements using only two SAR amplitude images with the same imaging geometry. To verify the accuracy and reliability of the proposed algorithm, two scenes of high-resolution spotlight TerraSAR-X images are used in this paper to conduct a three-dimensional surface displacement monitoring experiment on a working panel in the Daliuta mining area in Shaanxi Province, China, based on the proposed method. Experimental monitoring results show that the maximum surface subsidence is approximately 4.5 m, and the maximum horizontal movements in the strike and dip directions are approximately 1.4 m and 1.2 m, respectively. Using GPS measurements to verify the monitoring results, the root mean square error (RMSE) of vertical subsidence is 6.8 cm, and the RMSE of horizontal movement is 7.1 cm. Compared with those in the original mining subsidence model, the accuracies of vertical subsidence and horizontal movement in the proposed model are increased by 28.2% and 37.5%, respectively, which proves the reliability and accuracy of the proposed method.
Machine Learning Techniques to Predict Soybean Plant Density Using UAV and Satellite-Based Remote Sensing
Authors: Habibi Luthfan Nur , Watanabe Tomoya , Matsui Tsutomu , Tanaka Takashi S. T.
Published: June 2021

The plant density of soybean is a critical factor affecting plant canopy structure and yield. Predicting the spatial variability of plant density would be valuable for improving agronomic practices. The objective of this study was to develop a model for plant density measurement using several data sets with different spatial resolutions, including unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery, PlanetScope satellite imagery, and climate data. The model establishment process includes (1) performing the high-throughput measurement of actual plant density from UAV imagery with the You Only Look Once version 3 (YOLOv3) object detection algorithm, which was further treated as a response variable of the estimation models in the next step, and (2) developing regression models to estimate plant density in the extended areas using various combinations of predictors derived from PlanetScope imagery and climate data. Our results showed that the YOLOv3 model can accurately measure actual soybean plant density from UAV imagery data with a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 0.96 plants m−2. Furthermore, the two regression models, partial least squares and random forest (RF), successfully expanded the plant density prediction areas with RMSE values ranging from 1.78 to 3.67 plant m−2. Model improvement was conducted using the variable importance feature in RF, which improved prediction accuracy with an RMSE value of 1.72 plant m−2. These results demonstrated that the established model had an acceptable prediction accuracy for estimating plant density. Although the model could not often evaluate the within-field spatial variability of soybean plant density, the predicted values were sufficient for informing the field-specific status.
SmartSpectrometer—Embedded Optical Spectroscopy for Applications in Agriculture and Industry
Authors: Krause Julius , Grüger Heinrich , Gebauer Lucie , Zheng Xiaorong , Knobbe Jens , Pügner Tino , Kicherer Anna , Gruna Robin , Längle Thomas , Beyerer Jürgen
Published: June 2021

The ongoing digitization of industry and agriculture can benefit significantly from optical spectroscopy. In many cases, optical spectroscopy enables the estimation of properties such as substance concentrations and compositions. Spectral data can be acquired and evaluated in real time, and the results can be integrated directly into process and automation units, saving resources and costs. Multivariate data analysis is needed to integrate optical spectrometers as sensors. Therefore, a spectrometer with integrated artificial intelligence (AI) called SmartSpectrometer and its interface is presented. The advantages of the SmartSpectrometer are exemplified by its integration into a harvesting vehicle, where quality is determined by predicting sugar and acid in grapes in the field.
Effect of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Parameters on Total Polyphenols and Its Antioxidant Activity from Mango Residues (Mangifera indica L. var. Manililla)
Authors: Borrás-Enríquez Anahí J. , Reyes-Ventura Elizabeth , Villanueva-Rodríguez Socorro J. , Moreno-Vilet Lorena
Published: June 2021

Manililla is a mango variety whose residues contain bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and flavonoids, with high added value. The use of environmentally friendly extraction technology would be of great relevance; hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of solvent relation, sonication time and amplitude on the ultrasound-assisted extraction of total polyphenols in Manililla mango residues (peel, endocarp and kernel) and antioxidant activity. An experimental design 23 with a central point was used to evaluate the curvature behavior of the process variables. Conventional maceration was used as a control. The better conditions were obtained at the central point using 50% ethanol in water, 60% amplitude and 20 min of sonication time. We obtained values of up to 1814 mg GAE/100 g, 469 mg GAE/100 g and 672 mg GAE/100 g of total polyphenols and 1228 mg QE/100 g, 653 mg QE/100 g and 880 mg QE/100 g of total flavonoids for peel, endocarp and kernel, respectively. Mangiferin was quantified in ultrasound-assisted extraction at 150 mg/g in peel and 0.025 mg/g in the kernel, but it was not detectable in maceration. An antioxidant capacity of 87%, 14% and 83% inhibition for peel, endocarp and kernel, respectively, were obtained. Peel and kernel were the residues with higher potential as extraction material, while endocarp was not.
Effects of Grandiose and Vulnerable Narcissism on Donation Intentions: The Moderating Role of Donation Information Openness
Authors: Yuk Hyeyeon , Garrett Tony C. , Hwang Euejung
Published: June 2021

This study investigated the relationship between two subtypes of narcissism (grandiose vs. vulnerable) and donation intentions, while considering the moderating effects of donation information openness. The results of an experimental survey of 359 undergraduate students showed that individuals who scored high on grandiose narcissism showed greater donation intentions when the donor’s behavior was public, while they showed lower donation intentions when it was not. In addition, individuals who scored high on vulnerable narcissism showed lower donation intentions when the donor’s behavior was not public. This study contributes to narcissism and the donation behavior literature and proposes theoretical and practical implications as per narcissistic individual differences. Future research possibilities are also discussed.
Entrepreneurial Framework Conditions and Impact Scores of Small-Size Certified Benefit Corporations (CBCs). A Configurational Analysis of 17 Countries
Authors: Ruozzi Alberto , Vicente Jose Antonio
Published: June 2021

The urgent need that the private sector generate positive social and environmental impacts in order to cope with the grand challenges faced by humanity and contribute to sustainable development, has ignited the need to understand the country conditions that could promote such an endeavor, especially for small firms who may have more difficulties and, among them, those that try to generate positive impacts for multiple stakeholders, such as Certified B Corporations (CBCs). To contribute to such understanding, we use fsQCA to identify the combinations of presence/absence of four entrepreneurial framework conditions (EFCs)—financing for entrepreneurs, taxes and bureaucracy, R&D transfer, and commercial and legal infrastructure—that are sufficient for the presence/absence of a high average impact score of small-size CBCs in the country. The analysis reveals that two combinations of the presence/absence of the considered EFCs are sufficient for the presence and another two are sufficient for the absence of that outcome. General patterns, specific combinations and the implications for policymakers, CBCs managers and future research are discussed.
Introducing Tagasaurus, an Approach to Reduce Cognitive Fatigue from Long-Term Interface Usage When Storing Descriptions and Impressions from Photographs
Authors: Mantzaris Alexander V. , Pandohie Randyll , Hopwood Michael , Pho Phuong , Ehling Dustin , Walker Thomas G.
Published: June 2021

Digital cameras and mobile phones have given people around the world the ability to take a large number of photos and store them on their computers. As these images serve the purpose of storing memories and bringing them to mind in the potentially far future, it is important to also store the impressions a user may have from them. Annotating these images can be a laborious process and the work here presents an application design and functioning implementation, which is openly available now, to ease the effort of this task. It also draws inspiration from interface developments of previous applications such as the Nokia Lifeblog and the Facebook user interface. A different mode of sentiment entry is provided where users interact with slider widgets rather than select a emoticon from a set to offer a more fine grained value. Special attention is made to avoid cognitive strain by avoiding nested tool selections.
Continuous Gravitational-Wave Data Analysis with General Purpose Computing on Graphic Processing Units
Authors: La Rosa Iuri , Astone Pia , D’Antonio Sabrina , Frasca Sergio , Leaci Paola , Miller Andrew Lawrence , Palomba Cristiano , Piccinni Ornella Juliana , Pierini Lorenzo , Regimbau Tania
Published: June 2021

We present a new approach to searching for Continuous gravitational Waves (CWs) emitted by isolated rotating neutron stars, using the high parallel computing efficiency and computational power of modern Graphic Processing Units (GPUs). Specifically, in this paper the porting of one of the algorithms used to search for CW signals, the so-called FrequencyHough transform, on the TensorFlow framework, is described. The new code has been fully tested and its performance on GPUs has been compared to those in a CPU multicore system of the same class, showing a factor of 10 speed-up. This demonstrates that GPU programming with general purpose libraries (the those of the TensorFlow framework) of a high-level programming language can provide a significant improvement of the performance of data analysis, opening new perspectives on wide-parameter searches for CWs.
Prognostic Value of PD-L1, PD-1 and CD8A in Canine Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Detected by RNAscope
Authors: Aresu Luca , Marconato Laura , Martini Valeria , Fanelli Antonella , Licenziato Luca , Foiani Greta , Melchiotti Erica , Nicoletti Arturo , Vascellari Marta
Published: June 2021

Immune checkpoints are a set of molecules dysregulated in several human and canine cancers and aberrations of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis are often correlated with a worse prognosis. To gain an insight into the role of immune checkpoints in canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (cDLBCL), we investigated PD-L1, PD-1 and CD8A expression by RNAscope. Results were correlated with several clinico-pathological features, including treatment, Ki67 index and outcome. A total of 33 dogs treated with chemotherapy (n = 12) or chemoimmunotherapy with APAVAC (n = 21) were included. PD-L1 signal was diffusely distributed among neoplastic cells, whereas PD-1 and CD8A were localized in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. However, PD-1 mRNA was also retrieved in tumor cells. An association between PD-L1 and PD-1 scores was identified and a higher risk of relapse and lymphoma-related death was found in dogs treated with chemotherapy alone and dogs with higher PD-L1 and PD-1 scores. The correlation between PD-L1 and PD-1 is in line with the mechanism of immune checkpoints in cancers, where neoplastic cells overexpress PD-L1 that, in turn, binds PD-1 receptors in activated TIL. We also found that Ki67 index was significantly increased in dogs with the highest PD-L1 and PD-1 scores, indirectly suggesting a role in promoting tumor proliferation. Finally, even if the biological consequence of PD-1+ tumor cells is unknown, our findings suggest that PD-1 intrinsic expression in cDLBCL might contribute to tumor growth escaping adaptive immunity.
Fish Assemblage Shift after Japanese Smelt (Hypomesus nipponensis McAllister, 1963) Invasion in Lake Erhai, a Subtropical Plateau Lake in China
Authors: Yin Chengjie , Chen Yushun , Guo Longgen , Ni Leyi
Published: June 2021

The introduction of non-native fish species is known to have adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems, but their effect on plateau lakes is not well studied. In this study, we examined the effect of the Japanese smelt (Hypomesus nipponensis) invasion on the fish assemblage in Lake Erhai, a subtropical plateau lake in southwestern China. Through cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), we found a significant fish assemblage shift: the population of sharpbelly (Hemiculter leucisculus) fell by 67% in catch per unit effort (CPUE) from 2.262 to 0.741; topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva) fell by 52% from 0.61 to 0.29; and icefish (Neosalanx taihuensis) plummeted by 88% from 0.736 to 0.088. Meanwhile, the numbers for crucian carp (Carassius auratus) improved by almost 185% from 1.82 to 3.36. A Pearson correlation analysis showed that these four species significantly correlated with the invasion of the Japanese smelt: sharpbelly (−0.71), topmouth gudgeon (−0.71), icefish (−0.62), and crucian carp (0.81). This study documented the expansion of invasive fish and their effects on native species over time, thus providing a case study of invasive fish as well as a theoretical basis for further research into interspecies interactions.
Effects of Artificial Reefs on Phytoplankton Community Structure in Baiyangdian Lake, China
Authors: Zhu Hao , Liu Xingguo , Cheng Shuiping , Wang Jie
Published: June 2021

The habitat and feeding environment of freshwater fish in freshwater lakes have been destroyed, with the problem of miniaturization and simplification of catches being serious. An artificial reef is an effective technical measure to protect and proliferate offshore fishery resources, but little research has been conducted on its application in freshwater lakes. A small artificial reef for freshwater lakes was designed according to the water depth of the lake and the habits of benthic fish. The artificial reef is composed of biomass modules, each of which is 900 × 120 mm. The community structure of phytoplankton around the artificial reef and its adjacent waters was studied. The results showed that 77 species from seven phyla were identified, with a high number of species from the Chlorophyceae. In terms of density composition, the density of cyanobacteria decreased month by month, while the phylum Chlorophyta and Cryptophyta increased first and then decreased. As for biomass composition, Chlorophyta and Cryptophyta increased first and then decreased. RDA analysis showed that water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and total phosphorus were the main influencing factors. To sum up, the artificial reef can improve the algae phase in the surrounding water column, inhibit the growth and reproduction of cyanobacteria to a certain extent, and have a significant enrichment and promotion effect on diatoms. Artificial fish reef affects the phytoplankton community structure of the surrounding water bodies mainly through the absorption of phosphorus nutrients. Artificial reefs can be popularized and applied in freshwater lakes to provide foraging and shelter for benthic fish in the lake.
Increasing Service Life and System Efficiency of Parallel Pumps Using Combined Pump Regulation
Authors: Oshurbekov Safarbek , Kazakbaev Vadim , Prakht Vladimir , Dmitrievskii Vladimir
Published: June 2021

The paper discusses the use of the combined control for a system of two parallel pumps to increase its service life. Using the combined control, the pumping system is controlled together by change the speed, throttling, and bypass. The power consumption of the pumping system is calculated for three methods of flow control: with minimum energy consumption, with maximum reliability, and control with a trade-off between efficiency and reliability. In the case of control with maximum reliability, the energy consumption of the pumping system is higher than in the case of control with minimum energy consumption by 29.2%. In the case of the proposed trade-off control, which provides acceptable reliability, the power consumption is higher than with the minimum energy consumption control by only 7.3%.
Svan Funeral Dirges (Zär): Language-Music Relation and Phonetic Properties
Authors: SCHERBAUM Frank , MZHAVANADZE Nana
Published: June 2021

This paper reports on the results of a follow-up study to Scherbaum and Mzhavanadze (2020) and Mzhavanadze and Scherbaum (2020), which jointly describe the acoustical and musicological properties, respectively, of a new collection of field recordings of three-voiced Svan funeral dirges, known as zär in Svan and zari in Georgian. The focus of the present work is on language–music relation and phonetic properties. It was motivated by the pioneering work of Bolle Zemp (1994; 1997; 2001), who for the first time examined this topic from both an ethnomusicological and a linguistic perspective. We revisit some of Bolle Zemp’s observations and assumptions with a substantially expanded (by a factor of 11) data set and by using computational phonetic analysis tools not available at the time of her study. Her observation of correlations between pitch, duration, and timbre features related to the interjection of woj (wai) is consistent with our analysis for only some of the singers. Therefore, rather than assigning a general semantic meaning to these correlations, we offer an alternative interpretation as a natural consequence of the formant tuning techniques, which we found employed in the vocal production of some of the singers.
A Distinctive Album in Turkey: Bülent Ortaçgil’s Benimle Oynar Mısın
Authors: EREN Ozan , ERGENE Emrah
Published: June 2021

In this study, we aimed to explore prominent musician Bülent Ortaçgil’s album Benimle Oynar Mısın (1974). Built upon a musicological and sociological analysis, our main goal is to investigate the effects of this album, which did not attract attention when it was first published, but gained visibility in the following years. This album, which arguably had a protest structure, emerged in the period when the Anatolian Pop movement was dominant, yet showed very different features from this genre. In this investigation, in which we also conducted an analysis considering the concepts of ‘protest music’ and ‘protest musician’, we focused on the features of the album that differed from the early musical examples of the Anatolian Pop movement, which also exemplifies the 1970s protest music in Turkey. We utilized Howard Becker’s “art worlds” approach to discuss how this album, which has different musical elements and unusual lyrics for the time period when it was released, has become a milestone for music production in Turkey over the years. Then, we examined how divisions of labor occurred in the art worlds in which Ortaçgil positioned himself. One of the most important findings of this study is that, starting from his first album, Ortaçgil’s positioning in the various art worlds in Turkey, in relation to the most prominent artists from Turkey, increased his opportunities to make his album and other songs recognizable over years.
In Defence of the Term and Concept of Traditional Music
Authors: MORGENSTERN Ulrich
Published: June 2021

Regardless of Eric Hobsbawm’s negativistic understanding, ‘tradition’ is a powerful and dynamic (and in no way traditionalist) concept in academic folkloristics. The widespread scepticism against ‘traditional music’, both as a recognizable field of research and a matter of theoretical thought, is based on an insufficient and sometimes stereotypic understanding of a term and concept with a fascinating history. I argue that there is good reason to maintain a term which is intrinsically linked to core issues of ethnomusicology, among them community-based music, cultural innovation, oral/aural transmission, sonic orders, and stylistic pluralism.
The Russian language as a system-forming discipline: towards the problem of understanding
Authors: Turbovskoy Yakov Semenovich
Published: June 2021

The article upholds the idea that the Russian language is a system-forming discipline in any complex of disciplines, regardless of the level of training and the field (profile). This is due to the fact that mastering the Russian language becomes the basis for understanding and, therefore, the foundation for mastering any complex of knowledge. The author shows that language acquisition means mastering live speech, mastering the basic principles of its semantics and structure, and the principles of transmitting thoughts in verbal form.
The use of elements of acting psycho-training in the professional training of a TV journalist
Authors: Savostyanov Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: June 2021

The author postulates the idea of using elements of acting psycho-training in the professional training of TV journalists. The author offers a large didactic material for the development of attention, imagination, memory, fantasy, and imaginative thinking. The article contains educational and methodological developments that can be used in the training of students in the "Acting" specialty, majoring in Journalism.
Current antibiotic therapy of endo-perio lesions with secondary endodontic involvement
Authors: Orekhova L. Yu. , Atrushkevitch V. G. , Loboda E. S. , Vashneva V. Yu. , Petrov A. A.
Published: June 2021

Relevance. Successful treatment of endo-perio lesions depends on the thorough clinical assessment, accurate diagnosis and structural approach to the planning of periodontal and endodontic treatment. Aim – to provide clinical and laboratory evidence about the effectiveness of ciprofloxacin-and-tinidazole-containing antibiotic in the comprehensive treatment of endo-perio lesions with a primary periodontal disease which secondarily affects the pulp.

Materials and methods. We examined 29 patients aged from 35 to 50 (mean age 42.3±3.21) with class II endo-perio lesions according to P. Eickholz classification. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. All patients had comprehensive periodontal and endodontic treatment with (Group 2) and without (Group 1) antibiotic therapy. The clinical and paraclinical examination included determination of such indices as OHI-s, SL, PMA, SBI, as well as Doppler ultrasound, EPT, CBCT, microbiological test of the discharge from periodontal pockets and root canal system. We selected the systemic antibiotic after the antibiotic sensitivity testing.

Results. Comprehensive treatment of endo-perio lesions, which included systemic antibiotic therapy with ciprofloxacin and tinidazole, effectively arrested the inflammation in the periodontium and pulp beginning from the 7th day of use.

Conclusion. Cifran ST, a combination broad-spectrum antibiotic, helps reduce periodontal inflammation by effectively eliminating microbiota in the root canals and periodontal pockets in patients with moderate or severe chronic generalized periodontitis.
Comprehensive study of the toothpaste containing fluoride and 67% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution
Authors: Gromova S. N. , Guzhavina N. A. , Falaleeva E. A. , Kolevatykh E. P. , Elikov А. V. , Petrov S. B.
Published: June 2021

Relevance. A wide variety of oral care products is available nowadays. Sometimes aggressive advertising rather than doctor’s advice determines our patients’ choice. In our research, we provide evidence of the clinical use of toothpaste containing fluoride and sodium bicarbonate.

Materials and methods. During four weeks, we followed up a group of students who used the toothpaste containing 1400 ppm fluoride and 67% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The clinical, biochemical and microbiological tests and saliva crystallization score assessed the characteristics stated by the manufacturer.

Results. The statistically significant correlation between all studied criteria is evidence of the effectiveness of the toothpaste. In addition to the significant remineralization and antiplaque effect, biochemical and microbiological tests confirmed the anti-inflammatory effect of the toothpaste. An immediate cleaning effect was observed after the first brushing as well as in long-term use.

Conclusion. Improvement of oral hygiene indices and reduction of periodontal inflammation confirmed the successful result of the comprehensive treatment of chronic gingivitis.
Improvement of the prosthodontic treatment protocol in patients with TMD via functional diagnosis
Authors: Dubova L. V. , Prisyazhnykh S. S. , Romankova N. V. , Tagiltsev D. I. , Maksimov G. V.
Published: June 2021

Relevance. The purpose of the research is to improve the functional diagnosis protocol in prosthodontic treatment of patients with TMD.

Materials and methods. The optimal position of the mandible was determined for each patient by two methods: 1) TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) and 2) TENS + kinesiography. Then, the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data were analyzed to determine the most physiological position of the condyles.

Results. The analysis of the CT scans of patients without TMD (control group) showed that the right and left condyles occupy an anterior or central symmetrical position relative to the glenoid fossa. In the first and second methods, the condyles occupy an anterior or central position, which is the most optimal position of the lower jaw for the manufacturing of an occlusal stabilization splint. The statistical coefficients allowed us to determine that the second method was more accurate, since the obtained values were lower than those of the first method.

Conclusion. Based on the results of this study, we can conclude that the improvement of the protocol, namely a new method for determining the optimal position of the mandible is more time-consuming, but more accurate and allows increasing the effectiveness at all stages of treatment of patients with this pathology.
Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of surgical techniques for the treatment of Miller Class I gingival recessions
Authors: Farkhshatova R. R. , Gerasimova L. P. , Yunusov I. T.
Published: June 2021

Relevance. It is currently relevant to study and compare the effectiveness of the autologous connective tissue grafts and the combination of collagen-based and autologous platelet-rich plasma in the surgical treatment of Miller Class I gingival recessions.

Materials and methods. We examined and treated 48 (20 male (41.67%) and 28 female (58.33%)) patients aged from 25 to 40 years with Miller Class I gingival recessions. All gingival recessions were treated surgically using a modified twolayer tunnel technique. The patients were divided into two groups according to the graft type. Group I (24 patients (50%) had a connective tissue graft from the hard palate. Group II (24 patients (50%) used the combination of the autologous platelet-rich plasma and 3D collagen matrix Fibromatrix for the regeneration of oral soft tissues. We removed the sutures on the 14th day. The patients were followed up on the 7th and 14th days and in 1.3 months.

Results. 48 Miller Class I gingival recessions were treated between 2018 and 2020. The depth of gingival recessions averaged 3.5 ± 1.13 mm before treatment. The level of the attached keratinized gingiva regarding the cementoenamel junction significantly (p < 0.001) improved in both groups after the surgery. The width and thickness of the keratinized gingiva best increased in group II. The mean effectiveness of gingival recession treatment was 84% in study group I and 96% – in study group II. Pain syndrome, fibrinous plaque and soft tissue edema were insignificant in group II.

Conclusion. The combination of the autologous platelet-rich plasma and Fibromatrix, collagen 3D matrix, for the regeneration of the oral soft tissues is a more effective technique for the treatment of Miller Class I gingival recessions. This technique has several advantages. It is minimally invasive, less painful, soft tissue postoperative swelling is less and the received volume of the attached keratinized gums is larger than with a connective tissue graft.
Characteristics of examination algorithm of patients with chronic trauma of the oral mucosa using tissue autofluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Gordeeva V. A. , Kulik I. V. , Khromova E. A. , Rubezhov A. L. , Gordeeva M. V.
Published: June 2021

Relevance. The paper demonstrates the need to implement modern diagnostic techniques for diagnosis of precancerous and cancerous lesions at early or preclinical stages. Additional diagnostic methods are necessary, e.g. tissue autofluorescence, which allows revealing insidious pathological risk zones, particularly precancerous and cancerous lesions, to evaluate the condition of the oral tissues in patients with chronic oral mucosa disorders, especially caused by trauma. Purpose – to assess trauma-specific effectiveness of autofluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) in risk group patients with chronic trauma of the oral mucosa to reveal early malignization signs.

Materials and methods. 25 subjects were selected for the study and divided into 2 groups: main group – 20 patients with different manifestations of chronic oral mucosa trauma; control group – 5 subjects without visible clinical manifestations and without oral trauma factors. Autofluorescence spectroscopy was performed in both groups using AFS-400 stomatoscope.

Results. The received data demonstrated that the change in autofluorescence doesn’t allow drawing final conclusions on the presence or absence of chronic oral trauma malignization signs.

Conclusion. AFS-400 stomatoscope may be effective in differentiating between healthy and damaged tissues, but there is no solid evidence that the change in fluorescence shade can help differentiate between various types of damaged tissues. Autofluorescence spectroscopy should be considered as an additional method for examination of patients with chronic oral mucosa trauma to reveal early malignization signs.
Prospects for the use of fibrin scaffolds populated with pulp and periodontal stem cells: an experimental study
Authors: Dombrovskaya Yu. A. , Enukashvili N. I. , Banashkov R. E. , Semenova N. Yu. , Karabak I. A. , Silin A. V.
Published: June 2021

Relevance. Creating three-dimensional scaffolds from biodegradable materials and seeding them with stem cells derived from the oral tissues is a promising tool for guided tissue regeneration. Pulp and periodontal stem cells have a high potential for osteogenic differentiation, which biologically determines their use in surgical bone reconstruction. The experiment shows the result of using fibrin glue seeded with pulp and periodontal stem cells on the mandible of laboratory mice. The article presents the results of computed tomography and histological examination. The data provide evidence of the influence of seeded scaffolds on bone remodeling in the area of the defect.

Materials and methods. The Local Ethics Committee of the North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov gave permission for the practical part of the research work. The study included 29 white laboratory mice. Molars were extracted and a bone defect was formed. Pulp and periodontal stem cells were obtained and cell-seeded scaffolds were made, then they were introduced into the defect area. The animals were euthanized, maxillofacial CT scan and histology of the defect area were performed 28 days after the molar extraction.

Results. The oral cavity of mice was examined, molars were extracted, and teeth were morphologically examined under anesthesia. Scaffolds were synthesized and bone defects were filled. CT scans and histology results were analyzed. The bone volume increased in the main group compared to the control group.

Conclusion. The fibrin glue can be used to obtain a material with mechanical characteristics sufficient for a stable shape scaffold. The study proved that the pulp stem cells enclosed in a fibrin glue-based scaffold can maintain the ability to proliferate and osteogenically differentiate. The scaffold based on fibrin glue, which we used, affected the bone remodeling process in the area of jaw defects.