bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of electromagnetic melt mixing on the technological process of aluminium powder production
Authors: Polyvoda S. L. , Siryi O. V. , Hordynia O. M. , Tverdokhvalov V. O. , Perekhoda O. V.
Published: September 2023

Efficiency of including the operation of electromagnetic stirring is shown on example of aluminium powder production modernization. The existing technological scheme was characterized by inefficiency due to the need to pour the melt with a ladle from the rotary furnace to the resistance furnaces, increased electricity costs due to the need to overheat the entire bath of liquid metal to the injection temperature, and the difficulty of adjusting the temperature of the melt, which led to the metal crystallization in the nozzle or required its significant overheating above 900 ºС. Due to modernization, the intermediate resistance furnaces were replaced by a resistance furnace with a capacity of 1.5 tons, equipped with an electromagnetic stirrer of liquid metal. This led to an increase in the production productivity, decrease in energy costs and an increase in the level of automatization. Stirring system provides a non-contact influence on the liquid metal and allows to maintain the necessary temperature and hydrodynamic regimes of the melt in the crucible of the resistance furnace. To form a stirrer channel, a mixture based on vologran was used. It has high heat resistance, low density and thermal conductivity, high chemical resistance to liquid aluminium alloys and low tendency to oxides overgrowth. The use of melt electromagnetic stirring eliminated its overheating in crucible and stabilized the temperature near point of 790 ± 10 ºС. At the same time, the temperature of a metal in the injection zone was 840-850 ºС. Stabilizing the temperature regimes of melt injection made it possible to exclude its crystallization in the nozzle and increase its service life. Lowering the injection temperature by 50-60 ºC made it possible to reduce the oxidation of powder particles, which increased its quality. Modernization of production increased the production capacity of aluminium alloy powder from 300 to 500 kg/hour.
Creation of binders for casting cores from orthophosphoric acid and aluminosilicate fillers
Authors: Liutyi R. V. , Kocheshkov A. S. , Myslyvchenko О. М. , Liuta D. V.
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of the research of aluminophosphate binders, which were obtained as a result of the chemical interaction of orthophosphoric acid with dust-like aluminosilicates. The subjects of the research are the phase and chemical composition, the dynamics of thermal transformations of the binders, as well as the properties of core mixtures with them. In the experiments, it was established that due to the chemical interaction of dust-like pyrophyllite Al2(OH)2[Si4O10] or dystensillimanite Al2O[SiO4] with orthophosphoric acid after heating to 300 ºC, strong and thermally stable binders are formed, which are crystalline and amorphous aluminum orthophosphates. These phases provide strong bonding of the refractory filler and high strength of the core mixture. X-ray phase and differential thermogravimetric analyzes were used in the work to determine the structure and properties of binders. To determine the composition of the core mixture, the compositional planning of the experiment with appropriate data processing was applied. For the first time, the structure of aluminum phosphate binders, which were obtained from refractory fillers common in foundry production, was investigated. The conditions for the formation of crystalline phases were analyzed for the first time. It was established that as a result of the interaction of orthophosphoric acid with dysten-sillimanite, a larger specific amount of aluminum orthophosphate and a smaller amount of residual quartz is formed than when the acid interacts with pyrophyllite. This ensures a higher strength of the core mixture, for the formation of the binder in which orthophosphoric acid and dystensillimanite are used. Mass ratios are taken into account for the complete realization of the chemical reaction of the formation of the aluminum phosphate binder. The composition of a core mixture based on quartz sand with orthophosphoric acid and dysten-sillimanite was developed, which hardens after heating to 300 ºC and has a compressive strength of at least 2.0 MPa.
Social and Medical Care Integration Practices Among Children’s Hospitals
Authors: Pantell Matthew S. , Holmgren A. Jay , Leary Jana C. , Iott Bradley E. , Neuhaus John , Adler-Milstein Julia , Gottlieb Laura M.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES

In response to evidence linking social risk factors and adverse health outcomes, new incentives have emerged for hospitals to screen for adverse social determinants of health (SDOH). However, little information is available about the current state of social risk–related care practices among children’s hospitals. To address outstanding knowledge gaps, we sought to describe social risk–related care practices among a national sample of children’s hospitals.

METHODS

We analyzed responses to the 2020 American Hospital Association Annual Survey. Among children’s hospitals, we calculated the prevalence of screening for social needs, strategies to address social risks/needs, partnerships with community-based organizations to address social risks/needs at the individual and community level, and rates of impact assessments of how social risk–related interventions affect outcomes. We also used χ2 tests to compare results by hospital characteristics. We weighted results to adjust for nonresponse.

RESULTS

The sample included 82 children’s hospitals. A total of 79.6% screened for and 96.0% had strategies to address at least 1 social risk factor, although rates varied by SDOH domain. Children’s hospitals more commonly partnered with community-based organizations to address patient-level social risks than to participate in community-level initiatives. A total of 39.2% of hospitals assessed SDOH intervention effectiveness. Differences in social risk–related care practices commonly varied by hospital ownership and Medicaid population but not by region.

CONCLUSIONS

We found wide variability in social risk–related care practices among children’s hospitals based on the risk domain and hospital characteristics. Findings can be used to monitor whether social risk–related care practices change in the setting of new incentives.
Dimensão estética e dimensão ética
Authors: Rocha Bruna Eduarda , Menegaz Beatriz , Porto Alana Brandelero , Tonial Celine Natali Daronch
Published: September 2023

O estudo denominado Dimensão estética e dimensão ética: a formação humana e a educação, tem por objetivo compreender as dimensões éticas e estéticas na educação atual, relacionando o papel do docente na concepção de formação humana. O estudo é de caráter bibliográfico, qualitativo que amplia horizontes filosóficos e antropológicos por meio de autores referência nesta temática, sendo que o principal referencial se dá por meio da ótica de Nadja Hermann e de suas contribuições no livro: Ética e estética - a relação quase esquecida (2005). Por fim, percebe-se que a relação entre ética e estética precisa ser retomada na educação, pois ela abre uma nova perspectiva para estruturar a ação educativa, não apenas sob a perspectiva de uma ética racional, mas também é necessária para conectar as dimensões estéticas e éticas. É necessário compreender que ambas refletem diariamente a condição humana de cada sujeito, uma vez que se inserem na sociedade e caracterizam o comportamento humano diante das diversas ações cotidianas, sejam elas no ambiente escolar ou não.
Genetic diversity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ear infections in Iran: Emergence of CC8/ST239-SCCmec III as major genotype
Authors: Rahmani Zahra , Hosseini Sareh Sadat , Bagheri Parmida , Goudarzi Mehdi
Published: September 2023

Increase in antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ear infection is a serious public health problem. The objective of this investigation was to determine the antibacterial resistance profile and genetic variability of the S. aureus isolated from adult patients with otitis externa (OE) and otitis media (OM) infections, Tehran- Iran. The disk diffusion was employed to detect the susceptibility of 45 S. aureus strains. Biofilm production was evaluated by microtiter plate assay. Genetic diversity of the isolates was determined by staphylococcal cassette SCCmec, spa, and MLST techniques. Resistance to mupirocin and vancomycin were identified in 40 and 2.2% of isolates. Out of the 45 S. aureus isolates, 41 (91.2%) strains were considered as positive biofilm strains at different levels. According to our results, S. aureus isolated from OM (44.4%, 20/45) were including CC8/ST239-SCCmecIII corresponded to spa types t860, t030, t037, t234, t421 (70%, 14/20) and CC/ST30-SCCmecIV corresponded to spa types t605 and t019 (30%, 6/20) while S. aureus isolated from OE (55.6%, 25/45) were including CC/ST30-SCCmecIV corresponded to spa types t605, t345 and t1130 (52%, 13/25), CC/ST22-SCCmecIV corresponded to spa type t790 (20%, 5/25), CC8/ST8-SCCmecIV corresponded to spa type t008 (16%, 4/25), and CC/ST45-SCCmecIV corresponded to spa types t004 and t038 (12%, 3/25). This study highlighted genetic variability and strong biofilm formation ability among our isolates revealing its crucial role in enhancing the resistance of this bacteria to drugs. Thus, it is necessary to continue the epidemiological analysis to improve the control of ear infections related to S. aureus.
‘Space-time dents’ in global value chains – The Hungarian case
Authors: Gáspár Tamás , Sass Magdolna
Published: September 2023

The paper takes a special perspective to summarise what researchers have revealed on global value chains in Hungary. The ‘space-time’ structure is how the ‘force field’ of the amount of value added is shared and how the process it creates characterises specific global value chain networks. There is a growing literature that reveals the ‘dents’ of the GVC force field: the uneven distribution of value-added content, and mainly the controversial possibilities to upgrade in the network. Hungary is a typical example of a semi-peripheral or integrated periphery country. The paper discusses the lessons of different global value chain relations of the country in different geographical environments in terms of the two dimensions of ‘space’ and ‘time’; that is the potential and structure of value added and its dynamics, as well as compares them through an automotive industry case study.
Ritual Small Talk in Chinese
Authors: Xia Zongfeng , Liu Fengguang , Kádár Dániel Z. , House Juliane
Published: September 2023

In this study, we examine ritual Small Talk in Chinese, which is a regretfully understudied phenomenon. We investigate recurrent pragmatic features of Chinese Small Talk in an audio-recorded corpus through the lens of speech acts. We interpret the use of speech acts with the aid of interaction ritual theory and linguistic politeness. As a case study, we examine instances of Small Talk taking place in the vicinity of a Chinese primary school where parents and grandparents engaged in casual phatic conversations to kill the time while waiting for the children. The study of our corpus of Small Talk conversations allows us to unearth linguaculturally embedded patterns of language use in a complex participatory setting where parents and grandparents interact in front of a school.
Az ártalmas gyermekkori élmények hatása a mentális és szomatikus egészségre gyermek- és serdülőkorban
Authors: Kovács-Tóth Beáta , Kuritárné Szabó Ildikó
Published: September 2023

Számos kutatás bizonyítja, hogy a családon belüli bántalmazást elszenvedő
gyermekek fokozottan ki vannak téve különböző, nagy rizikójú
magatartásformáknak, kortársbántalmazásnak, mentális és szomatikus zavaroknak.
Az a gyermek, aki rettegést keltő élményeket kénytelen ismétlődően átélni, a
személyiségfejlődés összes területét tekintve súlyosan sérülhet. Magyarországon
sürgető intézkedésekre lenne szükség ezen gyermekek azonosítása és a terápiás
segítségnyújtás tekintetében is. Elhanyagolt kutatási terület a gyermekkori
ártalmaknak és azok következményeinek vizsgálata, pedig a preventív és terápiás
beavatkozásokat gyermek- és serdülőkorban ennek ismeretében lehetne célzottan
megtervezni. Tanulmányunkban bemutatjuk az ártalmas gyermekkori élmények
előfordulására vonatkozó nemzetközi adatokat. Részletesen tárgyaljuk az ártalmak
összefüggéseit a gyermek- és serdülőkorban jelentkező biológiai és kognitív
károsodásokkal, kötődési zavarokkal, az externalizációs és internalizációs
zavarokkal, a szomatikus megbetegedésekkel, továbbá az egészségkárosító
magatartásformákkal. Közleményünk célja az ártalmakra és a következményekre
vonatkozó empirikus adatok bemutatása mellett a témára való figyelemfelhívás és
érzékenyítés a szakemberek körében. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(37): 1447–1455.
Immunszupprimált betegek multiplex bőrdaganatainak elektrokemoterápiás kezelése
Authors: Rózsa Petra , Ágoston Dóra , Szederkényi Edit , Ócsai Henriette , Baltás Eszter , Vass Gábor , Kemény Lajos , Oláh Judit , Kis Erika
Published: September 2023

Bevezetés: A hosszú távon immunszupprimált betegekben a
rosszindulatú bőrdaganatok kialakulásának rizikója jóval nagyobb, mint az
átlagpopulációban. Ezek a tumorok nagy számban jelentkezhetnek, gyors növekedés
és agresszív viselkedés jellemző rájuk. Sebészi kimetszést követően gyakran
fordul elő lokális recidíva. A multiplex tumorok sebészi kezelése, különösen a
fej-nyak régióban, kihívást jelent. Célkitűzés: Az
elektrokemoterápia segítségével egyszerre számos daganat kezelhető. Célul tűztük
ki az elektrokemoterápia hatásosságának vizsgálatát immunszupprimált betegekben.
Módszer: Klinikánkon 9 immunszupprimált beteg összesen 118
(átlagosan egy betegen 13, n = 5–27) bőrdaganatának elektrokemoterápiás
kezelését végeztük el egy alkalommal, intravénás bleomicin adásával az
ESOPE-irányelvnek megfelelően. Eredmények: Az átlagos
utánkövetési idő 15 hónap volt. A kezelést követően 6 hónappal az objektív
tumorválasz 96% volt. A daganatok 88%-a (n = 46) esetén teljes remissziót,
8%-ban (n = 4) parciális remissziót, 2%-ban (n = 1) progresszív betegséget
észleltünk, 2%-ban (n = 1) a tumorválasz nem volt megítélhető.
Következtetés: Az immunszupprimált betegeken a multiplex
nem melanoma bőrdaganatok kezelésére az elektrokemoterápia hatásos és
biztonságos terápiának bizonyult. Ennek a betegpopulációnak a jobb ellátása és
gondozása érdekében a prevenció, a multidiszciplináris szemléletmód és az
immunszuppresszió optimalizálása kiemelten fontos. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(37):
1462–1468.
Az értelmi fogyatékkal élők fogászati kezelése és prevenciós lehetőségei napjainkban
Authors: Szmirnova Ilona , Szmirnov György , Haba Nándor , Csomó Krisztián , Németh Zsolt , Szabó György
Published: September 2023

Bevezetés: Ma Magyarországon az értelmi fogyatékkal élők
fogászati ellátása és a prevenció lehetőségei egyre nagyobb kihívást jelentenek.
Hazánkban jelenleg 100 000 olyan értelmi fogyatékkal élő van, akik „speciális
orvosi ellátásra” szorulnak. Célkitűzés: Kidolgozni, illetve
módosítani a betegek szellemi képességéhez alkalmazkodó egyszerű prevenciós
eljárást, ezt egy kiválasztott közösségen belül bevezetni. Az eredményeket 3,
illetve 6 hónap múlva felmérni és ezt a nemzetközi irodalommal összehasonlítani.
Módszer: A prevenciós tevékenységet 49, a csömöri „Egyenlő
Esélyekért Alapítvány Fogyatékosok Otthona és Nappali Gondozó” intézetben lévő
beteg esetében vezettük be. Az adatok pontosítása érdekében a pácienseket 3
standardizált orvos külön-külön vizsgálta. A program első lépése a fogápolás
betanítása volt mind a betegek, mind az ápolószemélyzet számára. A fogak
parodontalis állapotának felmérését, kontrollját a teamben lévő parodontológus
szakorvos végezte. A betegeket 3, illetve 6 hónap után ellenőriztük, az adatokat
rögzítettük. Eredmények: A DMF-T-index tekintetében ilyen rövid
idő alatt változást nem regisztráltunk, ezért a restorative indexet alkalmaztuk.
A parodontalis állapot tekintetében szignifikáns javulást tapasztaltunk.
Megbeszélés: A prevenciós tevékenység eredményesnek
bizonyult, tekintettel arra, hogy az elhanyagolt szájhigiéné miatt mindegyik
betegnek parodontalis problémája volt. A parodontalis állapot szignifikáns
javulása révén remélhető, hogy a későbbiekben a fogazat állapota is javulni fog.
Következtetés: A fokozott szájhigiéné (a betegek
elhanyagolt szájhigiénéjéhez képest a „normál-szájhigiénéhez” való közelítés)
lényeges pozitív változást tud hozni a speciális ellátást igénylő pácienseknél.
A pozitív eredmények érdekében a megfelelő kommunikáció és a rendszeres
motiváció mind a betegek, mind az ápolószemélyzet számára fontos és szükséges.
Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(37): 1456–1461.
A menstruációs fájdalom megélését befolyásoló pszichológiai tényezők – a fájdalomkatasztrofizálás szerepe
Authors: Nyitrai Erika , Takács Szabolcs
Published: September 2023

Bevezetés: A menstruációs fájdalom kutatása az érintettek
számának, a szenvedéssel töltött idő mértékének és a következményeknek az
ismeretében hiányzik a szakirodalomból. Célkitűzés: A
fájdalomkatasztrofizálás szerepét vizsgáltuk a menstruációs fájdalom szubjektív
mértékének, gyakoriságának, mindennapi tevékenységet korlátozó voltának
megélésében. Módszer: Vizsgálatunkban személyes tesztfelvétel
során gyűjtöttünk adatokat mintegy 1000 már és még menstruáló, egészséges,
túlnyomórészt felső- és középfokú végzettséggel rendelkező, túlnyomórészt
nagyvárosban, többségében párkapcsolatban élő, saját megélése szerint kitűnő
vagy jó egészségi állapotnak örvendő, többségében hormonális fogamzásgátló
eszközzel nem élő, túlnyomórészt rendszeres menstruációs ciklussal rendelkező,
18 és 51 év közötti nőtől, 2016 és 2018 között. A menstruációs fájdalom
mértékének, gyakoriságának és mindennapi tevékenységet befolyásoló voltának
mérésére egy-egy nyitott kérdést, a fájdalomkatasztrofizálás mérésére a
Sullivan és mtsai által kidolgozott
Fájdalomkatasztrofizálási Kérdőívet használtuk. Eredmények:
Saját mintánkon azt találtuk, hogy minél inkább „hajlamos” a vizsgálati személy
a fájdalomkatasztrofizálásra, annál erősebb menstruációs fájdalomról számol be,
annál gyakrabban él meg menstruációs fájdalmat, és mondja azt, hogy a fájdalom
korlátozza mindennapi tevékenységét. Következtetés: Az
eredmények rámutattak, hogy érdemes a menstruációs fájdalom mértékét befolyásoló
tényezők közül a személyiségjellemzőket is vizsgálat tárgyává tenni, az
eredmények beépíthetők a diagnosztikai és terápiás munkába. Orv Hetil. 2023;
164(37): 1469–1475.
Bal oldali teljes tüdőeltávolítás intrapulmonalisan elhelyezkedő Castleman betegség miatt
Authors: Farkas Attila , Tolvaj Balázs , Andrási Katinka , Kecskés László , Furák József
Published: September 2023

A Castleman-betegség egy ritka lymphoproliferativ betegség, mely a leggyakrabban
a gátorüregi nyirokcsomókat érinti. Az intrapulmonalisan elhelyezkedő forma
ritkán fordul elő, az angol nyelvű irodalomban 14 eset ismert. A betegség
tünetei nem specifikusak, és a diagnózis felállítása gyakran nehézségekbe
ütközik. A kezelés fő célja az épben történő sebészi reszekció elérése, mely
potenciális esélyt nyújt a recidívamentes túlélésre. 15 éves tünetmentes
lánybetegünket ernyőszűrésen bal oldali mellkasi terimével emelték ki. A
transthoracalis szövettani mintavétel megerősítette a Castleman-betegség
diagnózisát. A centrálisan elhelyezkedő tumormassza érintette a tüdőkapu
képleteit, ezért műtét során bal oldali teljes tüdőeltávolítás vált szükségessé
a daganatmentes reszekciós szél eléréséhez. A beteg a műtétet követő 7 éves
utánkövetési periódus során mindvégig recidívamentes volt. A Castleman-betegség
jól kezelhető komplett sebészi reszekcióval, a betegség kiterjedése miatt
azonban időnként indokolt lehet a kiterjesztett, radikális tüdőeltávolítás a
tumormentes reszekciós szél eléréséhez. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(37): 1476–1483.
The damsel bug genus Alloeorhynchus Fieber, 1860 (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Nabidae) in Japan
Authors: Souma Jun , Ishikawa Tadashi
Published: September 2023

The damsel bug genus Alloeorhynchus Fieber, 1860 (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Nabidae, Prostemmatinae, Prostemmatini) comprises at least 50 species worldwide, and seven species have been recorded from East Asia. In Japan, two species, A. (Alloeorhynchus) reinhardi Kerzhner & Günther, 1999 and A. (A.) vinulus Stål, 1864, are currently known. In this study, A. (A.) notatus Distant, 1919 is reported in Japan for the first time. A geographical color variation of A. (A.) vinulus is reported based on specimens collected from Kume Island in the Ryukyu Islands.
Exploring model complexity in machine learned potentials for simulated properties
Authors: Rohskopf A. , Goff J. , Sema D. , Gordiz K. , Nguyen N. C. , Henry A. , Thompson A. P. , Wood M. A.
Published: September 2023

Machine learning (ML) enables the development of interatomic potentials with the accuracy of first principles methods while retaining the speed and parallel efficiency of empirical potentials. While ML potentials traditionally use atom-centered descriptors as inputs, different models such as linear regression and neural networks map descriptors to atomic energies and forces. This begs the question: what is the improvement in accuracy due to model complexity irrespective of descriptors? We curate three datasets to investigate this question in terms of ab initio energy and force errors: (1) solid and liquid silicon, (2) gallium nitride, and (3) the superionic conductor Li$$_{10}$$

10

Ge(PS$$_{6}$$

6

)$$_{2}$$

2

(LGPS). We further investigate how these errors affect simulated properties and verify if the improvement in fitting errors corresponds to measurable improvement in property prediction. By assessing different models, we observe correlations between fitting quantity (e.g. atomic force) error and simulated property error with respect to ab initio values.

Graphical abstract
Demographic Differences in Life Dissatisfaction, United States, 2021
Authors: Ng Amanda , Adjaye-Gbewonyo Dzifa , Hibben Kristen
Published: September 2023

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
Аналітичне дослідження процесу сушіння цеолітів у мікрохвильовому полі
Authors: Бошкова І.Л. , Волгушева Н.В. , Бошков Л.З. , Бондаренко О.С. , Гречановський А.П.
Published: September 2023

Цеоліти широко використовуються у багатьох галузях промисловості: у водоочисних приладах у якості адсорбентів, іонообмінників, молекулярних сит, у вакуумних насосах сорбційного типу. Також цеоліти використовують у якості каталізаторів багатьох процесів нафтохімії і нафтопереробки. Інноваційним застосуванням цеолітів є термохімічна акумуляція теплоти, що дозволяє зробити внесок у вирішення питання енергозбереження та оптимального використання ресурсів. Метод акумуляції тепла із застосуванням цеолітів ґрунтується на використанні тепла, пов'язаного з адсорбцією та десорбцією. Для ефективного застосування цеолітів у термохімічних аккумуляторах теплоти необхідно вибрати не тільки правильний тип цеоліту, а й організувати їх регенерацію. Стадія регенерації безпосередньо пов'язана з видаленням вологи з цеолітів, яка здійснюється у процесі сушіння. Сорбційна здатність суттєво зростає під час мікрохвильового сушіння. Використання мікрохвильового нагріву дозволяє проводити процес набагато швидше, чистіше та з меншими енерговитратами порівняно з традиційними методами. Аналітично досліджується процес регенерації цеолітів 4А і 13Х при мікрохвильовому сушінні. На підставі аналітичного огляду літератури визначено фізичні та діелектричні характеристики цеолітів, необхідні для проведення розрахунків. Досліджено температурне поле в масиві цеоліту на різній відстані від поверхні, визначено вплив позитивного (потужність мікрохвильового поля) та негативного (зумовленого випаром вологи) джерела теплоти. Встановлено вплив типу цеоліту (NaX, NaA1, NaA2, EST-10, кліноптилоліт) на інтенсивність нагрівання. Показано вплив коефіцієнта тепловіддачі на температуру поверхні масиву. Розрахунки підтверджують, що математична модель чітко відображає вплив фізичних властивостей на розподіл температури у шарі цеоліту
Експериментальні дослідження абсорбційних холодильних приладів при робіті з сонячними панелями
Authors: Березовська Л.В. , Тітлов О.С.
Published: September 2023

Аналіз сучасного рівня техніки показує перспективи використання альтернативних електричних джерел теплової енергії для роботи абсорбційних холодильних приладів (АХП). Важливим у сучасних умовах є і те, що робоче тіло АХП – водоаміачний розчин з добавкою інертного газу (водню, гелію або їх суміші) відноситься до природних холодоагентів і тому є абсолютно екологічно безпечним (має нульові значення озоноруйнівного потенціалу та потенціалу «парникового» ефекту). До переваг АХП слід віднести мінімальну вартість серед існуючих типів холодильного обладнання невеликої холодопродуктивності, що в багатьох випадках визначає їх популярність у користувачів. Особливі інтереси можуть представляти моделі АХП, які використовують у своїй роботі альтернативні, неелектричні джерела теплової енергії. Серія експериментальних досліджень проводилась у стаціонарних умовах роботи АХП. Об'єктом досліджень був АХП «Київ» АЛ-35. Теплове навантаження, що підводиться в генератор абсорбційного холодильного приладу (АХП), варіювалося в діапазоні від 50 до 110 Вт через 10 Вт. Нижня межа діапазону теплового навантаження генератора відповідає початку працездатності АХП в частині запуску термосифона, що перекачує. Верхня межа теплового навантаження генератора обмежена зростанням температур та початком активних корозійних процесів. Для знаходження алгоритму подачі комбінованого теплового навантаження було виконано експериментальні дослідження пускових режимів АХП з неробочого стану. Тривалість пускового періоду у наших дослідженнях обмежувалася виходом на стаціонарний режим холодильної камери АХП. Початок стаціонарного режиму визначали за незмінністю температури обсягом холодильної камери. Доведено, що для забезпечення цілодобової роботи АХП достатньо використовувати стандартний автомобільний електораакумулятор 70 А·год 12 В
VAT Revenue and Economic Growth in the Middle East and North Africa Region: Evidence from Panel Data Analysis
Authors:   Al Zahra College for Women, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, Sayari Karima Toumi , Jassem Suaad ,   Modern College of Business and Sciences, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, E-Vahdati Sahar ,   Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
Published: September 2023

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region countries are characterized by a great diversification in the level of political, economic, and socio-political principles in the world. This diversity applies also to their tax regime, particularly VAT. Taxes are the primary source of funding for the government and public expenditures by generating considerable revenue to fund the national product. MENA region countries, like any other country with a population that typically keeps increasing throughout time, tend to boost their economic growth to ensure higher living standards, higher real income, and innovation. This study examines the impact of important drivers of MENA countries that affects GDP growth, based on a large sample of 14 countries from 2010–2020, information collected from unit cross-sections (country), and over time. Then, panel regression is the appropriate statistical method to analyze two-dimensional data, through a fixed effect panel data analysis. The sample of countries has been chosen based on pre-established criteria reflecting the availability of data for the study period. Collected data have been analyzed using the software STATA version 17. The findings obtained prove a positive significant VAT impact on economic growth for the sample of MENA region countries. This study helps policymakers in assessing and reviewing their tax policy related to VAT to maximize their source of revenue generated by this tax. The findings of this study supported that the unemployment rate and CPI decrease GDP growth, whereas VAT leads to an increase of economic growth in this region. This proves the importance of VAT tax in raising government revenue.
Improving measures to combat corporate fraud on the example of a logistics company
Authors: Abramov Artem , Akhmetov Minnegaley
Published: September 2023

Within the framework of the presented article, the author raises the issue of combating corporate fraud. This problem is considered on the example of the activity of Akhaltek Service LLC. First of all, the author pays attention to the differentiation of measures to combat corporate fraud into two categories: methodological and organizational. Within the framework of the above classification, the author considers the tools of each group of measures and analyzes their role in ensuring the economic security of an economic entity. Particular attention in the article is given to such a methodological tool as a round-the-clock "hot line". The author claims that this tool contributes to the timely detection of acts of fraud in the enterprise. In addition, the author focuses on the need to improve the fraud investigation matrix, which also ensures the suppression of fraud in the enterprise and is actively used in practice in Russia. When considering organizational measures, the author emphasizes the need for unscheduled inspections and monitoring of the work of Akhaltek Service LLC. The article pays special attention to the issue of personnel verification. According to the author, any organization should regularly check the personnel belonging to the so-called "risk group", which include accountants, employees who have access to trade secrets. This responsibility rests with economic security specialists. The author has compiled tables that present calculations of the costs of hiring employees of the Compliance Risk Management Service and the costs of salaries of employees of the Internal Audit Service. The significance of these units in the field of combating corporate fraud is disclosed in more detail in the presented article. In conclusion, the author formulates conclusions regarding the effectiveness of the considered measures to combat corporate fraud, as well as the role of the economic security service in ensuring the efficient operation of the enterprise.
Problems of ensuring control and supervision in the sphere of state defense order
Authors: Akhmetov Minnegaley , Mironov Artem
Published: September 2023

This article raises the issue of exercising control in the sphere of state defense orders. Since Russia acts as a country with a powerful defense potential, this topic is relevant. The author argues that control in the sphere of the state defense order is necessary to comply with the principles of legality in the field of its execution. The article provides a list of regulatory legal acts, according to which control is carried out. The author also considers the ways through which state supervision is implemented. It is emphasized that control and supervision can be divided into several types. The article provides their classification and explanation for each of these types. According to the author, within the framework of the topic under consideration, it is necessary to single out financial control separately. The article also presents a number of tools that allow for the implementation of financial control. The author focuses on the fact that at present there is a specialized institution of authorized banks and a regime of special bank accounts, which are used by the main executors of the state defense order. This ensures the security and transparency of mutual settlements in the execution of the state defense order, and the protection of information data. In addition, the author emphasizes that control and supervision can be considered the main elements of the state defense order. According to the author, the implementation of the state defense order not only satisfies the interests of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, but also stimulates the development of the weapons system. Special attention in the article is paid to the analysis of the participants in the control system in the area under consideration, as well as their role and main tasks. In addition, the author analyzes the change in the functions of the bodies responsible for controlling the purchase cycle. In the final part of the article, the author formulates conclusions regarding the role of control and supervision over the implementation of the state defense order.
Bureaucratic control and organizational support in the public sector: effects mediated by psychological empowerment on engagement
Authors: Campos Waleska Yone Yamakawa Zavatti , Cavazotte Flávia de Souza Costa Neves
Published: September 2023

Abstract The study investigates how bureaucratic control and organizational support affect the civil servant’s work engagement and the mediating role of psychological empowerment. The research adopted a quantitative approach using data collected from 159 public servants of Brazilian courts of accounts, with subsequent application of exploratory factor analysis, parceling techniques, confirmatory factor analysis, and ordinary least squares regression (OLS). The results show a negative mediation of psychological empowerment in the relationship between bureaucratic control and work engagement and a partial and positive mediation between organizational support and work engagement. Thus, psychological empowerment constitutes an important mechanism through which civil servants react to characteristics of the work context, being weakened in situations of exacerbated bureaucratic control or lack of organizational support, with consequences for the level of enthusiasm and dedication. The findings are discussed in light of their theoretical and practical implications for management in the public sector.
Marco para entender y atender la corrupción sistémica en gobiernos locales
Authors: Canales Oliver David Meza , Pérez-Chiqués Elizabeth , Martínez-Hernández Aldo Adrián
Published: September 2023

Resumen La corrupción es un fenómeno complejo. Los diagnósticos empleados para justificar medidas anticorrupción usualmente tienden a desestimarla. En línea con el modelo de bote de basura (Cohen, March, & Olsen, 1972), donde las soluciones buscan problemas, en este caso, el problema de corrupción se caracteriza de forma que sea “atendible” con la política en cuestión. Esta situación tiene graves consecuencias. Entre ellas, que la política implementada sea falible. El artículo revisa el fenómeno de la falibilidad de las políticas anticorrupción. Argumentamos que cuando la política anticorrupción se diseña sin tomar en cuenta que el tipo de corrupción que enfrenta es parte de un sistema más amplio de corrupción sistémica, esta tiene altas probabilidades de fracasar. Trazamos nuestro argumento a lo largo de una serie de implicaciones que se desprenden del marco de consolidación de la corrupción (Corruption Consolidation Framework - CCF) (Meza & Pérez-Chiqués, 2021). Apoyados en el CCF derivamos una serie de implicaciones con la intención de reorientar la discusión y futuras líneas de investigación en torno a entender y atender el fenómeno de la corrupción sistémica.
Do local civil servants capture intergovernmental transfers? The different wage determinants between the public and private sector
Authors: Sousa Kleber Morais de , Monte Paulo Aguiar do
Published: September 2023

Abstract This article examines the intergovernmental transfer effects on wage differences between local civil servants and private sector employees. The sample was composed of 5,449 Brazilian municipalities, working with data from 2000 to 2016 clustered in 5,344 minimum comparable areas (MCA). The methodological procedures were quantitative and developed in two steps. The first step was to assess the median wage difference between local civil servants and private sector employees through unconditional quantile regression. The second was the analysis of different wage determinants through multiple regression with panel data, fixed effects, and additional estimations such as cluster-robust standard errors, temporal correlation, and spatial correlation. The results demonstrated that when per capita intergovernmental transfers increase by 1%, the wage difference between local civil servants and private sector employees increases by 0.067%. Besides that, when per capita GDP increases by 1%, the wage difference decreases by 0.036%. Furthermore, the paper observed that populational size increases and electoral competition decreases wage differences between the public and private sectors in Brazilian municipalities.
Os ciclos de engajamento no trabalho de servidores públicos federais
Authors: Camões Marizaura Reis de Souza , Gomes Adalmir de Oliveira , Rizardi Bruno , Lemos Joselene
Published: September 2023

Resumo Servidores públicos têm diferentes níveis de engajamento no trabalho ao longo da vida laboral. Essas variações, denominadas “ciclos de engajamento no trabalho”, ocorrem graças aos recursos disponíveis e às demandas do ambiente de trabalho. Diante disso, o presente artigo busca descrever os ciclos de engajamento no trabalho de servidores públicos federais com base em suas histórias de vida profissional, evidenciando demandas e recursos relevantes do ambiente ocupacional na trajetória dessas pessoas. Usando o modelo job demands-resources (JD-R) e a metodologia de mapas cognitivos, foi possível identificar um ciclo positivo do engajamento no trabalho, um ciclo reforçador - relacionado com oportunidades e valorização - e dois ciclos de desequilíbrio, um ligado à produtividade disfuncional e, outro, à descontinuidade administrativa. A análise dos ciclos de engajamento permitiu identificar recursos do ambiente de trabalho que interferem de diferentes maneiras no engajamento de servidores públicos. Por fim, foi utilizado o conceito de “ciclo de enfrentamento” como subsídio de políticas para servidores desengajados.
Performance patterns of primary health care in the face of COVID-19 in Brazil: characteristics and contrasts
Authors: Schenkman Simone , Bousquat Aylene Emilia Moraes , Facchini Luiz Augusto , Gil Célia Regina Rodrigues , Giovanella Lígia
Published: September 2023

The adequate fight against pandemics requires effective coordination between primary health care (PHC) and health surveillance, guaranteed attention to acute and chronic demands, and a bond with the community dimension in the scope of basic health units (UBS, acronym in Portuguese). This study aims to contrast two extreme standards of PHC performance in the fight against COVID-19 in Brazil, comparing them with the profiles of the corresponding municipalities and characteristics of the organization of services. Based on the results of a cross-sectional national survey with a representative sample of UBSs, we created a synthetic index to evaluate how PHC performs against COVID-19 called CPI, composed of axes of health surveillance and social support (collective dimension) and of COVID-19 care and continuity of care (individual dimension). Of the 907 surveyed UBSs, 120 were selected, half of which had the highest indexes (complete standard) and the other half, the lowest ones (restricted standard). The municipalities of the UBSs with a complete standard are predominantly rural, have low Municipal Health Development Index (MHDI), high Family Health Strategy (FHS) coverage, and stand out in the collective dimension, whereas the UBSs in urban municipalities with this same standard have high MHDI, low FHS coverage, and an emphasis on the individual dimension. In the restricted standard, we highlight community health workers’ reduced work in the territory. In the Brazilian Northeast, UBSs with complete standard predominate, whereas, in its Southeast, UBSs with restricted standard predominate. The study poses questions that refer to the role and organization of PHC in the health care network under situations that require prompt response to health issues and indicates the greater potential capacity of the FHS program in such situations.
Desordem física e social da vizinhança em cidades da América Latina: revisão de escopo
Authors: Magalhães Amanda Silva , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza , Moreira Bruno de Souza , Lopes Adalberto Aparecido dos Santos , Caiaffa Waleska Teixeira
Published: September 2023

Resumo: A desordem da vizinhança é um importante aspecto que pode impactar a saúde de residentes em áreas urbanas. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram mapear e sistematizar os métodos de mensuração da desordem física e social na vizinhança em estudos realizados em cidades da América Latina. Por meio de revisão de escopo, foram mapeados artigos publicados a partir do ano 2000 em inglês, espanhol e português com os seguintes descritores: vizinhança, desordem física e desordem social. As buscas foram realizadas no MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde), Scopus, Web of Science e Biblioteca Cochrane. Foram extraídas informações sobre autoria, ano, tipo de estudo, local, fonte de dados, população-alvo, desfecho, domínio, indicador, método, unidade geográfica e unidade de análise. As variáveis dos estudos relacionadas à desordem foram extraídas e agrupadas pela similaridade dos conteúdos e temas. Foram identificados 22 artigos, publicados entre 2012 e 2022, sendo a maioria do Brasil (n = 16). A percepção do indivíduo foi o método mais utilizado. O tema mais frequentemente abordado no domínio da desordem física foi vias públicas (n = 20), enquanto no domínio social foi segurança (n = 15). Detectou-se ausência de consenso na literatura quanto às variáveis utilizadas para aferir a desordem física e social da vizinhança em cidades da América Latina. Além da necessidade de padronização do tema, recomendam-se estudos que verifiquem a sustentabilidade de métodos de mensuração propostos, relevantes para classificar e comparar, de forma dinâmica, vizinhanças urbanas e os impactos na saúde com base nos níveis de exposição à desordem física e social.
Innovation strategies in medicines and vaccines within the scope of CEIS – models, mechanisms, and expectations
Authors: Fernandes Daniela Rangel Affonso , Gadelha Carlos Augusto Grabois , Maldonado Jose Manuel Santos de Varge
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT The article aimed to present relevant and original information about the innovation strategies used by Official Pharmaceutical Laboratories (LFO) to reduce the vulnerabilities of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) and the productive and technological capacity of the Health Economic-Industrial Complex. The methods used included a literature review and the analysis of primary data from interviews conducted in two of the largest LFOs in the country. Their efforts and results in Research and Development (R&D) and incorporation of medicines and vaccine technologies were identified and analyzed, with emphasis on Productive Development Partnerships (PDP). Although R&D activities still need to advance, benefits were brought about by technology transfer agreements, especially by PDPs. However, the industrial and technological capacity of the Institutes is still limited and lacks investments, which hinders technological accumulation and diffusion. Thus, improvements are necessary so that the innovation strategies for the SUS present more effective results and can be reversed to the welfare of society.
Deliberación pública en el marco de la respuesta a la pandemia por COVID-19: un análisis de la respuesta temprana en Colombia
Authors: Cotes Cantillo Karol , Eslava Castañeda Juan Carlos , Castañeda Orjuela Carlos
Published: September 2023

RESUMO La deliberación es deseable en el campo de la salud pública, incluso en escenarios de emergencia sanitaria, donde se deben tomar decisiones de manera rápida y con un alto grado de incertidumbre. Se realizó un análisis del proceso de toma de decisiones en los primeros meses de la llegada de la pandemia de COVID-19 a Colombia y en los meses alrededor del inicio de la vacunación, a la luz del concepto de deliberación pública y con énfasis en las decisiones del Gobierno Nacional relacionadas con el sector salud. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo de análisis de contenido, usando como fuente documentos de las páginas web de la Presidencia de la República de Colombia, del Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social y del Congreso de la República y páginas de organizaciones sociales, particularmente representativas de población vulnerable y organizaciones no gubernamentales. Los espacios deliberativos para la toma de decisiones relacionadas con el sector salud durante la pandemia en Colombia se limitaron a escenarios formales donde se privilegió la participación de expertos biomédicos y técnicos de entidades gubernamentales del nivel central. Es necesario incluir en los futuros planes de preparación para este tipo de emergencia escenarios con capacidad de deliberación pública.
Gestão regional no enfrentamento à pandemia da Covid-19: estudo de casos em São Paulo
Authors: Meira Ana Lígia Passos , Godoi Lídia Pereira da Silva , Ibañez Nelson , Viana Ana Luiza D’Ávila , Louvison Marília Cristina Prado
Published: September 2023

RESUMO Ao final do ano de 2019 o mundo foi surpreendido pela Covid-19, que chegou ao Brasil no início de 2020, fazendo com que o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) adotasse estratégias imediatas para atender as necessidades de saúde da população, colocando em evidência todos os obstáculos que o sistema de saúde vinha enfrentando nos últimos anos. O estado de São Paulo não foi diferente do restante do País em relação ao enfrentamento. Este estudo objetivou identificar as principais estratégias adotadas em 5 regiões de saúde de São Paulo, com foco na gestão regional, analisando os processos e práticas adotados para o enfrentamento à pandemia da Covid-19. Tratou-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado através de estudo de casos múltiplos, com abordagem exploratória, a partir de pesquisa de campo e realização de oficinas regionais. As regiões de saúde deste estudo puderam comprovar a importância da intersetorialidade nas ações de saúde como um todo. Notou-se o grande papel dos municípios nestas ações e a união destes, fortalecendo o papel da regionalização e ampliando a importância da governança em saúde. Ademais, as regiões de saúde saíram fortalecidas porque exerceram seu papel de liderança e organizaram ações junto aos municípios.
Regional management in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic: case study in São Paulo
Authors: Meira Ana Lígia Passos , Godoi Lídia Pereira da Silva , Ibañez Nelson , Viana Ana Luiza D’Ávila , Louvison Marília Cristina Prado
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT At the end of 2019 the world was surprised by COVID-19, which arrived in Brazil at the beginning of 2020, causing the Unified Health System (SUS) to adopt immediate strategies to meet health needs, as well as putting in check all the obstacles that the health system has been facing in recent years. In the state of São Paulo it was not different from the rest of the country in relation to the confrontation. This study aimed to identify the main strategies adopted in 5 health regions of São Paulo, focusing on regional management, analyzing the processes and practices adopted to face the COVID-19 pandemic. It was a qualitative study, carried out through a multiple case study, with an exploratory approach, based on field research and regional workshops. In this study, the health regions were able to prove the importance of intersectoral actions in the health system. It was noted the great role of municipalities in these actions and their union, strengthening the role of regionalization and expanding the importance of governance in health. In addition, the health regions were strengthened because they exercised their leadership role and organized actions with the municipalities.