bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organic Techniques in Vegetable Crop Production for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Mufti Shahnaz , Narayan Sumati , Malik Aijaz Ahmad
Published: May 2022

Sustainable crop production is a way of growing or raising food in an ecologically and ethically responsible manner. Sustainable crop production is in contrast to industrial crop production, which generally relies upon monocropping (growing only one crop in a large area of land), intensive application of commercial fertilizers, heavy use of pesticides, and other inputs that are damaging to the environment, to communities, and to farm workers. Organic farming is one of the several approaches found to meet the objectives of sustainable agriculture. Organic vegetable cultivation offers one of the most sustainable farming systems with the recurring benefits to long term soil health and provide a lasting stability in production by importing better resistance against various biotic and abiotic stresses. Most of organic products are growing at a faster rate (20%) as compared to conventional ones (5%). This growth rate is highest in Japan, USA, Australia, and EU.
Culturally Responsive Education
Authors: Boadu Gideon , Kansiime Peninah , Eyaa Sarah , Said Shannon John
Published: May 2022

As higher education providers (HEPs) across the globe continue to recruit international students to improve their financial and diversity profiles, it is critical that sufficient effort is made to integrate cultural responsiveness across institutional systems with the goal of creating a good experience for these students. This critical collaborative reflection study is positioned within Fook's critical reflection framework. The authors story their experiences as international students in Australia and reflect on how such experiences have influenced their work as academics. The stories weave together to identify critical issues such as positive relationships, empathetic understanding, and sensitive pedagogies that are relevant in the pursuit of culturally responsive education in higher education institutions.
Teaching Strategies for International Students' Effective Verbal Communication in Australia
Authors: Zhang Hangyu , Zhang Chenyang , Wang Hanshu
Published: May 2022

This chapter aims to investigate teaching strategies aimed at enhancing Chinese international students' effective verbal communication in Australian universities. To do so, this study applies collective autoethnography to give the chance to the three authors (who are themselves Chinese students) to narrate their stories. Based on their experiences, this study builds a conceptual framework based on Bandura's triadic reciprocal determinism to explore the triadic reciprocal interaction between verbal communication, self-realization, and teaching and learning environment. Then, thematic analysis is applied to explore the diversities and similarities of their experiences in terms of the three elements/themes. By analyzing and examining each theme, this chapter uncovers the dynamic and reciprocal interrelationships between them on the basis of the three authors' voices, providing suggestions for further improvement on teaching strategies for international students' verbal communication.
Pedagogizing International Students' Technical Knowledge Consumption
Authors: Zaidi Syed Ali Nasir
Published: May 2022

Although most Canadian university and college professors assume that international testing credentials such as IELTS, TOEFL, and CELPIP are suitable yardsticks to measure international students' language skills, the study presented in this chapter that adopted critical discourse analysis of international students' technical assignments suggests otherwise. Technical communication is different from cultural English, whereby the former measures students' technical skills in communicating highly scientific materials and cultural English may be used for interpersonal skills. The study used secondary data for data analysis and employed Bernstein's theoretical lens of elaborated code and restricted code. Findings revealed that 21st-century knowledge production, distribution, and its adequate reproduction are in the hands of well-rounded knowledge consumers in knowledge societies, and if the knowledge consumers are not well cognizant of their instrumental role in the knowledge economy owing to weak English language constructions, social inequalities will increase exponentially.
Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) Case Study
Authors: Rebek Jody-Lynn , del-Corte-Lora Victor , Riauka Eunjung
Published: May 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic posed challenges, including travel restrictions that limited opportunities for student exchange. One solution to promote intercultural learning amongst students in different countries was COIL. This chapter presents a collaborative online international learning (COIL) case study that engaged students from Canada and Spain in an intercultural learning experience. Professors worked collaboratively to design a five-week program of co-instruction within their higher education course schedules. Using technology and a combination of asynchronous and synchronous opportunities, students engaged in the course content and learned about their unique cultural applications and perspectives in relation to the content as they engaged in activities via cross-cultural teams. Administrators, students, and faculty found the benefits far outweigh the improvements needed. This chapter shares the details of this experience from administrative, faculty, and student perspectives.
Best Practices of Teaching and Engaging International Students in Online Learning
Authors: Singh Jasvir Kaur Singh Nachatar
Published: May 2022

Teaching international students can be challenging, either online or face-to-face. However, it can also be fruitful if one knows how to engage with international students in the learning and teaching environments, especially online. In Australia, traditional delivery of teaching was still going on for schools and higher education institutions until the end of March 2020, but this changed within weeks to remote or online methods due to the COVID-19 pandemic. At La Trobe University, Australia, teaching was paused for a week to cope with the learning and teaching ‘shock' – that is to re-orientate teaching from face-to-face to completely offering courses remotely to international and domestic students. The symbiotic relationship between learning and teaching, as well as between students and teachers, must go on although through online medium. This chapter illustrates the journey of reflections of an early-career international academic unpacking the online practices of teaching and engaging international students in online learning environment at La Trobe University, Australia.
Mind the Gatekeepers
Authors: Muñoz-Muñoz Eduardo R. , Love Matthew , McCollum Marcella Cardoza , Cruz Rebecca A. , Umaña Danielle , Nance Candice R.
Published: May 2022

This chapter focuses on inclusive access to dual language immersion (DLI) programs and the obstacles that emergent bilinguals with disabilities (EBWDs) and their families encounter to enter the programs and remain in them. Focusing on California's context, this chapter discusses educators' legal framework and experiences in multiple positions related to decision making and the provision of services in the EBwDs' learning trajectories. The authors argue for a multilevel reframing of local and state policy, educator preparation, resource allocation, and family engagement based on current research findings. Notably, this chapter calls for a critical examination of the dual language purposes and assumptions. In order to support current educators providing instruction to multilingual students, there must be evidence about effective practices and, most importantly, detailed and formalized guidance on how to implement those practices.
Olives and Touristic Experiences
Authors: Correia Ricardo F. , Felgueiras Palmira , Carvalho Aida , Venciute Dominyka
Published: May 2022

Gastronomy is one of the main motivations that inspires and triggers the tourist journey. It is frequently interconnected with intangible dimensions attached with a specific place. Olive oil tourism is a specific product inside gastronomic tourism with the potential to generate a diversity of experiences for the tourist. As olive oil tourism depends on a multiplicity of different actors, whose actions need to be integrated, its current situation is still far way from its potential in regions that are not able to implement this integration practice. That is exactly the case of Mirandela (a small municipality in the northeast of Portugal) examined in this chapter. Even with an actor (the Olive Tree and Olive Oil Museum) with a strong potential to act as an articulator of the offer, that integration is not even in the beginning yet, losing the destination the opportunity of generating valuable olive oil experiences to the tourists.
Analysis of the Traditional Gastronomic Offer as an Engine for Local Tourism Development
Authors: Ycaza Alejandra , Baquerizo Verónica , Vallejo Javier , Valero Guido
Published: May 2022

Gastronomy is an important part of tourism, an element that by sharing one dish and its ingredients can bring culture, traditions, and flavors from one destination all together. One of the most attractive parts of the gastronomic offer from a territory is the history behind the dish, which also includes special ingredients and way of preparation passed from one generation to the other. This culinary experience is a key motivation for a tourist to visit a specific destination. This study analyzes the traditional gastronomic offer from Guayas, Ecuador and the relationship between gastronomy and the development of local tourism. The main result will show the importance of a well-structured offer to influence the motivation of a tourist to go to a specific destination. This will increase the demand of gastronomic tourism and create economic growth in a sustainable matter.
COVID-19, Food Safety, Risk Assessment, and Future Approaches in the Food Industry
Authors: Çoban Dinçsoy Ayşen
Published: May 2022

COVID-19, which is thought to be transmitted from infected animals to humans as a zoonotic disease, plays an important role in food safety and public health. Inappropriate, defective, and unsuitable food safety systems ignoring it play a key role in the spread of the disease. Controlling food safety from farm to fork provides access to healthy and high quality foods in the protection of health and the prevention of diseases. Making new effective and applicable standards and principles in the food safety system worldwide may be preventing possible diseases, risks, especially at epidemic level. In this context, official authorities, food businesses, and supply chain officials should take an active role to reform the process. Consequently, both food safety and free trade principles may be more efficient under common global food safety systems for public health.
Regional Integration in the European Union With a View to Third Countries
Authors: Zeitzmann Sebastian
Published: May 2022

Regional integration between European Union Member States is a process that will usually result in differentiated integration (i.e., some EU states moving further in integration efforts than others). EU law provides a mechanism for such deeper integration called “enhanced cooperation.” Even though this mechanism has been applied in some cases now, this chapter will show that even where certain EU competences apply, enhanced cooperation is by no means a replacement for so-called inter se or satellite agreements or treaties between EU States but outside of union law and EU integrative structures. Rather, if inclusion of a third country is desired or necessary, enhanced cooperation cannot apply, and there is no other option than to conclude an inter se agreement cum tertiis.
International Student-Led Projects as a Means of Implementing Triple Helix in Universities
Authors: Senatorova Elena , Kainova Maria
Published: May 2022

The threats posed by COVID-19 reminded us not only of the frailty of human life, but also of the fact that in the face of such a global crisis all social institutions experience difficulties and not a single one is spared. One of the main lessons learnt from it is the need for cooperation. In light of this, such initiatives as the Triple Helix or the integration of academia, business, and the government come to the forefront and demand closer attention as a powerful instrument fostering innovation and sustainability. The main aim of this research is to explore connections between universities, industry, and the government. Moreover, the purpose of this chapter is to analyze the existing challenges and opportunities related to regional economic integration of higher education institutions in the post-COVID-19 world.
The Root Causes of Human Trafficking in West Africa and Nigeria in Perspective
Authors: Ikyernum Sachia Ephraim
Published: May 2022

This research investigates the root causes of human trafficking in West Africa and Nigeria in particular. Findings indicate that the ‘push and pull factors' and other possible emerging factors are responsible for trafficking of persons within the region. Karl Marx theory of alienation was adopted to evaluate the research. The work recommends that various military and paramilitary agencies ought to be deployed to liaise with the locals in order to arrest agents of human trafficking. Poverty eradication by the government remains crucial in the fight against this disturbing menace. Also, various means should be used by the government to create employment opportunities. In case of none, then suitable welfare packages should be made available to citizens to alleviate their temptation of venturing into the practice. Also, an enabling environment, through the provision of social amenities, should be made available to those at the grassroots. And finally, everything must be done to eliminate class structure in the society, which is fast becoming the dream of many human trafficking victims.
Socio-Religious and Cultural Discourse on Gender and Human Trafficking
Authors: Alaribe Nancy
Published: May 2022

In recent years, scholars have noted that there are gender-specific vulnerabilities and risks faced by women throughout their livelihood trajectory, making them more susceptible to trafficking. A number of axioms have emerged that provide a generally accepted framework that women and girls are more disadvantaged because of their gender and social class. Due to gender discrimination and the undervaluation of low-skilled occupations, women are commonly concentrated in low-skilled and lowly paid jobs such as domestic work that are unregulated and informal with little or no legal protection. These conditions make women particularly vulnerable to gendered-specific exploitation, forced labor, extortion, debt bondage, and violence. This study examines the socio-religious and cultural discourse surrounding gender and human trafficking in Nigeria. The study reveals that even when human trafficking is not a new phenomenon, it has acquired a new dimension in the context of globalization and has been facilitated by increased mobility and the development of the internet and new technologies.
Failed Hospitality
Authors: Korstanje Maximiliano Emanuel
Published: May 2022

Human trafficking is doubtless a major crime – jointly with terrorism and child abuse. It is estimated that more than two billion people are missing in the world each year. These numbers associate to human trafficking as an illegal act—known as well as slavery—where the victims not only are deprived of their liberty but also forced to be enslaved or sexually exploited. Trafficking victims include women, men, and children of all ages and social classes. In the field of tourism, human trafficking leads to sexual activities. Human trafficking is certainly based on a much deeper process where the victim is under-humanised, which the victim lacks any basic right or legal protection during its captivity. This under-valorisation process centres on what specialists dubbed “desensitization dynamic.” The captor feels little empathy for the hosted victim or feels he or she should not be considered a human being. This process has been widely studied by clinical psychology, but little is known about the desensitization process in the fields of tourism and hospitality.
An Examination of Racial Trauma and Multicultural Counseling
Authors: Campbell Sierah
Published: May 2022

School counselors are change agents and social justice advocates and must be prepared to address problematic issues that impact students. With this in mind, school counselors must consider how environmental stressors and racial trauma can adversely impact student outcomes. The purpose of this chapter is to provide tools for school counselors to operate from a culturally affirming lens. This chapter addresses approaches to counselor training, the psychological distress, as well as contributors of racial trauma, ethical considerations, counterproductive practices, and implications for the school counseling field.
Sustaining Culturally Affirming and Antiracist Practices
Authors: Thompson James M.
Published: May 2022

Culturally centered leadership is foundational in an effort to create and sustain a culturally affirming and antiracist school-wide culture. However, school counselors should not be solely responsible for ensuring faculty and staff are implementing related best practices and strategies. This chapter will explore how school counselors and school administrators can effectively address the needs of marginalized students and work as effective change agents to disrupt systemic oppression in U.S. school settings. Several theoretical and conceptual frameworks to support counselors' and administrators' potential levels of impact to inform culturally affirming and antiracist professional practices are examined. Finally, the chapter concludes with best practices and effective strategies through a careful analysis of current research and other resources.
Foster Care Transition Considerations for School Counselors
Authors: Crenshaw-Williams Notashia P.
Published: May 2022

Although school counselors have the ability to directly impact the academic, social/emotional, and career development of students, they may be unfamiliar with the unique experiences and educational barriers of foster care youth. School counselors must be knowledgeable about the unique challenges faced by students in foster care in order to be transformational leaders. This chapter presents background information about the foster care system, addresses considerations for students transitioning through and out of foster care, highlights transition pathways, and explores implications for school counselors working with this population.
Facilitating Anti-Racism in Counselor Education
Authors: Calder Claudia , Walker Quiteya
Published: May 2022

School counselor education programs have historically consisted of predominantly White populations. As a result, little attention has been given to how issues of race, anti-Blackness, and related societal issues impact school counselor trainee preparation. Therefore, school counselor preparation programs must prepare school counselor trainees to practice anti-racism by facilitating an anti-racist educational environment within counselor education programs. This chapter explores how school counselor preparation programs can ensure anti-racist practices are core foundations for school counselor trainee development, specifically in teaching and supervision practices. The authors also include considerations for anti-racist mentorship in school counselor preparation.
Developing Culturally-Affirming School Counselors
Authors: Ham Nikki P. , Spencer Gwyn Natalie , Hurt Carletta S. , Quintana Taqueena S. , Watson LaTrenda R.
Published: May 2022

An increase in diversity among school counselors requires increasingly diverse practices to meet counselors' needs. These practices need to be culturally responsive and—most importantly—culturally sustaining. Counselor education programs and school systems need to identify strategies that are anti-racist and focused on social justice to provide supervision for both students of school counseling and emerging leaders. In response to the impact of racism, discrimination, and bias within the school counseling profession and the need to provide a culturally affirming community, a group of school counseling professionals of color formed a peer consultation group. The group encouraged support, resources, and feedback to help develop best practices and advocated for students experiencing disparities during the pandemic. This chapter provides a description of the SAGE Peer Consultation Model and best practices to promote resiliency and advocacy that integrate a social justice framework incorporating anti-racist and culturally affirming practices.
Researching Through T-Pattern Analysis to Reduce the Triad Motor Game Complexity
Authors: Pic Miguel , Navarro-Adelantado Vicente , Jonsson Gudberg K.
Published: May 2022

Researching the motor triad game and its strategy is to assume the huge complexity derived from ambivalence. For this reason, time was taken as a criterion through the roles and subroles transition through t-patterns analysis (TPA) for the ‘Maze' game. In parallel to the triadic specificity, there are advantages to using a methodology in accordance with the ambivalent nature through the temporal distances of the playful events. The game rules stability and the triadic complexity offer a favorable game model to use TPA because it includes the temporal parameter, allowing observation criteria to be combined and revealing statistically significant t-strings. TPA offers a time-based structuring of events with an implementation that ensures the result quality through randomization (shuffle and rotation mean), thus controlling the chance effect.
Enriching Circus Instruction in PE Through Motor Games
Authors: Ontañón Barragán Teresa , Bortoleto Marco Antonio Coelho , Duprat Rodrigo Mallet
Published: May 2022

The educational potential of circus instruction has been calling the attention of Physical Education teachers both in recreational and school fields. Different pedagogical approaches encourage the authors to discuss the fruitful dialog between body and art education. Based on several previous studies on the topic, this chapter presents a short review on circus instruction and specifies dozens of motor games developed to enrich circus activities teaching. Thus, they organize the “circus games” in five categories: acrobatic games, juggling games, funambulist or balance games, clowning (role-play) games, and other circus games. In fact, they aim to introduce the circus instruction based in a playful and artistic perspective, trying to promote it to the Physical Education teachers under an artistic-aesthetic education environment.
Conflict Education in Physical Education From a Gender Perspective
Authors: Rillo-Albert Aaron , Sáez de Ocáriz Unai , Lavega-Burgués Pere
Published: May 2022

Traditional games offer an exceptional relational setting to educate pupils' interpersonal relationships and offer equal opportunities to both genders. The aim of the study was to determine the predictive capacity of the variables associated with the motor conflict process (intensity, attitude, and intervention) and the emotional meaning of the conflicts experienced by the male and female genders. A total of 330 students (172 girls, 52.1%; and 158 boys, 47.9%) from secondary education participated. An intervention based on the GIAM pedagogical model was carried out through the practice of four traditional competitive cooperation-opposition games (marro, dodgeball, stealing stones, and pass the treasure). The findings show that girls and boys experience conflict in a similar way when they are part of a low conflict group. The first predictor of girls' conflict is the type of attitude they adopt in conflict management. However, boys' conflicts are mainly predicted by the emotional meaning and then by the attitude towards the conflict.
Assessing Learning Processes in Games and Sports
Authors: Sgrò Francesco , Iona Teresa , Lipoma Mario
Published: May 2022

Physical education (PE) curriculums all over the world recognize the relevance of teaching games and sports throughout all school stages with the aim of helping a student to become an active participant in different typologies of sport. To support this mission, the game-based approaches (GBAs) are the teaching strategies used the most. Appropriate assessment instruments are also needed to properly support PE teachers. In this respect, the tools used for assessing these learning aims need to go beyond the measure of a skill performed outside of the game-play context, but they also have to account for the decision process adopted by a player when he/she has, for example, possession of a ball or when performing a movement without a ball. This chapter describes the theoretical models which support the tools used for the proper assessment of game-play performance as well as the main characteristics of the indexes of these tools and provides indications for their use during PE lessons.
Creation of Playful Learning Indicators and Their Application in Cooperation-Opposition Motor Games
Authors: Martínez Francisco Rodríguez , López María Martínez , García María Isabel Gil , Santos Natalia Gómez
Published: May 2022

Game is considered a key element in education for the teaching-learning process of children regarding all grades, from pre-school to primary education. This chapter inquired the relevance of using the game in primary education through programs carried out in 2nd and 3rd grades. A systematic review has been carried out about the game and playful learning, especially in Physical Education, with the aim of developing a list of indicators. These indicators are divided into four fields: enjoyment, curiosity, autonomy, and competence. Indicators are used to create a questionnaire and a rubric of evaluation of playful learning in pupils. The questionnaire and the rubric have been reviewed following the guidelines of Delphi's method. Once validated, the questionnaire was done by pupils of 2nd and 3rd grade. The rubric was fulfilled by a 2nd grade teacher, and the results demonstrate the positive effects of using games for the teaching-learning process.
How Physical Fitness Changes During Growth
Authors: Lovecchio Nicola
Published: May 2022

Growth is one of the most fashioning phenomena in the biological context. In this brief report, a vision between growing and exercise practice is found. Human maturation is controlled by internal biological factors focused not only to development of stature, muscle mass, and strength, but human maturation regards, also, the development of the central and peripherical nervous systems and the sprouting of synapses between neurons and basal ganglia that lead to high motor control during physiological outcomes. Thus, the trends of maturation become important to be accurate during Physical Education proposal. For example, precaution in the use of overload before 18 years, funny game for endurance performance or activity centered on general skill at high speed are in the authors' opinion valid suggestions. In the absence of pathological condition or scant nutrition, all children can follow constant practice according to scientific evidence.
Motor Games Among Teenagers Immersed in Cyberculture
Authors: Júnior Almir Zandoná , Eirín-Nemiña Raúl , Rodríguez Jesús Rodríguez
Published: May 2022

This chapter arises from an excerpt of research with the aim of investigating the influences of cyberculture on bodily practices among adolescents and, in particular, investigating the characteristics of digital games that make up cyberculture. Therefore, a qualitative research is proposed, having as methodological procedure a bibliographical research based on classic references about games and about the characteristics of cyberculture. In this way, the chapter makes a qualitative overview of the development of cyberculture as an expression of our time, followed by how digital games are consolidated in contemporaneity, in order to point out the different theoretical lines that deal with digital games among teenagers. Therefore, the result of a bibliographical research, this chapter intends to present the discussions about games among teenagers who are inserted in the contemporary dynamics of virtualized culture.
The Museum of the Rules
Authors: Galgano Francesca
Published: May 2022

The chapter concerns the Museum of the Rules project, to date a 'unicum' since there are no museums of Law or Justice in the world except for some memorials commemorating victims of terrorism. It is still in the planning phase although its concept has been already presented in 2015 by its creators, Professors Amarelli, Galgano, and Pane of the University of Naples Federico II, and then included by the Castel Capuano Foundation among its objectives for the rebirth of the Castel Capuano Monument, where the foundation is based. The museum exhibition intends to be only the 'physical' moment representative of a broader narrative path that will involve scholars and students of all levels and even the whole city on the themes of education to both coexistence and legality.
The Long Way Towards Digitization
Authors: Pinto Mauro , Tregua Marco , Gaeta Giuseppe Lucio , Bifulco Francesco
Published: May 2022

Digital transformation (or digitization) of museum heritage is a process that has increasingly spread in recent years and necessarily in the last two years due to the restrictions deriving from the pandemic. The interest in digitization has its first roots mostly in the last decade when the Smithsonian announced the planning of a project for the digitization of artworks; the project was launched at the end of 2013 with the implementation of some of the most sophisticated technologies to digitize 20,000 art objects, namely the ones considered essential in the collection of approximately 14 million artworks at Smithsonian. With this project, the leaders of the US museum offered a vision of the future of museum experience that only recently has begun to show its effects in countless initiatives.
Unmasking the Truth of Health Care Workers’ Well-being During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bucca Anthony , Ullrich Lauryn , Rahman Awan , Smith Christopher , Johnson Monica , Allanson-Dundon Amie , Corwin Douglas , James James A. , Marchionni Christine , Bratis Livia , Bendas Erin
Published: May 2022

Background

Burnout is a well-documented multifactorial phenomenon that affects up to 47% of intensive care unit staff at some point in their career. The literature highlights increased rates of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder among staff as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Local Problem

Following the second and, at the time of writing, largest surge of the COVID-19 pandemic, concern for staff ’s mental health prompted a hospital-wide study to assess depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and alcohol misuse and to determine the use and effectiveness of employee resources.

Methods

Through REDCap, 212 intensive care unit employees were surveyed with validated screening tools for depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and alcohol misuse. The use and perceived effectiveness of hospital initiatives were assessed.

Results

A total of 212 surveys were evaluated. Among respondents, 54% experienced mild anxiety, more than 50% screened positive for mild depression, and 37% screened positive for posttraumatic stress disorder. Most employees (74.5%) were aware of at least 1 resource; 37% knew of the COVID-19 newsletter, one of the top resources highlighted in the survey. Perceived effectiveness of resources ranged from 0.9% (disaster helpline) to 82.5% (prayers, readings, and the on-call chaplain—all “somewhat helpful”). The results correlate with the progressive trend of increased mental health concerns among intensive care unit employees. Survey results prompted an expansion of hospital resources.

Conclusions

COVID-19 has brought unique mental health challenges and stressors to intensive care unit staff. By adapting and expanding resources, hospitals can improve staff resiliency and mitigate some mental health concerns with the aim of decreasing the overall psychological impact of the pandemic.
The spatiotemporal dynamics and structural covariates of homicide in the Republic of Korea, 2008-2017: A dynamic spatial panel data approach
Authors: Yeom Yunho , Choi Jaehun
Published: May 2022

This study examined the relationship between the homicide rate and diverse indicators of social disorganization in the Republic of Korea (South Korea) using datasets collected between 2008 and 2017. Due to the statistical limitations of previous homicide research, which used either cross-sectional or longitudinal methodology, this study applied the dynamic spatial panel data model to explore both the spatial and temporal aspects of homicide. The results demonstrate that the homicide rate is spatially and temporally dependent on those of neighbouring units and the time-lagged homicide rate. Moreover, this study found that divorce rate, unemployment rate, number of males in the neighbourhood and ethnic heterogeneity have a statistically significant impact on the homicide phenomenon. This study contributes to the existing literature by taking a new approach - the dynamic spatial panel data model - to investigate the homicide phenomenon in Korea. In doing so, several suggestions are made for policymakers to respond to homicide rates. Based on the social disorganization theory, these indicators have been found to impact the social network and community members’ willingness to engage in social control. This study suggests that customized policies should be implemented to alleviate the level of social disorganization and promote social control over lethal violence.
Facilitative interpersonal skills are relevant in child therapy too, so why don’t we measure them?
Authors: Bate Jordan , Tsakas Angelica
Published: May 2022

One of the consistent findings from psychotherapy process research has been the impact of therapist effects on patient change and the therapeutic alliance. The Facilitative Interpersonal Skills (FIS) paradigm is a task in which participants respond to standardized videos of actors playing patients in interpersonally challenging moments as if they were the therapist, which was designed to assess therapist effects. Participants’ video recorded responses are coded for eight skills: verbal fluency, emotional expressiveness, warmth/acceptance/ understanding, empathy, persuasiveness, hope/positive expectations, alliance-bond capacity, and rupture-repair responsiveness. Performance-based procedures like the FIS minimize self-report bias and systematically control for client-related variability while maintaining strong clinical relevance. Research has shown that therapist FIS predicts the quality of the therapeutic alliance and outcome in adult psychotherapy. This paper describes the development and first adaptation of the FIS task using child and adolescent patients as the stimuli, and reports findings from a pilot study testing the reliability. The FIS-Child (FIS-C) task was administered to 10 therapists with a range of clinical backgrounds. Participants also completed the original FIS task and self-report measures of their empathy, social skills, and playfulness. Adequate interrater reliability was achieved on the FIS-C. There were no significant differences between participants’ ratings on the FIS-C compared to the original FIS, although there were minor differences in the correlations between the FISC and self-report measures compared to the original FIS. Findings support moving forward with utilizing the FIS-C to empirically study therapist effects that may be common factors across treatment models.
Umbilical Artery Systolic/Diastolic Ratio and Amniotic Fluid Index in Prediction of Adverse Perinatal Outcome in Term Pregnancies
Authors: Sharma Medhavi , Sharma Gaurav , Verma Anjana
Published: May 2022

Background:

Antenatal fetal surveillance is a field of increasing importance in modern obstetrics. It is based on fetal heart rate monitoring using nonstress test and contraction stress test, ultrasound biometry and amniotic fluid assessment, Doppler blood flow studies of fetal and uteroplacental circulation, and an evaluation of biophysical fetal parameters. The combination of these methods leads to improvements in fetal morbidity and mortality.

Aim:

The present study aimed to assess the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of umbilical artery (UA) systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio, and amniotic fluid index (AFI) in term pregnancies for the prediction of perinatal outcome and their relation with perinatal outcome.

Methods:

This study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital on 100 pregnant women where all the term singleton pregnancies (37–42 weeks) admitted in maternity were subjected to color Doppler for UA S/D ratio assessment and AFI estimation. Further, management of patients was done according to color Doppler findings and their relation with perinatal outcome.

Results:

Out of 100 pregnant women, 68% had AFI >8 (normal), while 32% of women had AFI <8 (abnormal), with the mean AFI being 9.39 ± 2.55 cm, whereas70% had S/D ratio <3 (normal) and 30% of women had S/D ratio >3 (abnormal), with the mean S/D ratio of 2.61 ± 0.450. UA S/D ratio had better performance values (i.e., sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value) than AFI in predicting adverse perinatal outcomes.

Conclusion:

AFI and UA S/D ratio are important for predicting low appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration score, meconium, respiratory complications, and perinatal mortality in high as well as low-risk pregnancy cases. However, UA S/D ratio is a better predictor of perinatal outcome in high-risk pregnancies.
Smartphone dependency and its impact on academics among medical and nursing students
Authors: SHARMA Rakesh , VAIDYA Vibhuti , RAJAN Rincy , ELDHOSE Anumol Thottiyil , RATRE Hemkala , RAI Hemant Lata
Published: May 2022

Objective:

This study aimed to assess smartphone dependency and its impact on academics among medical and nursing students.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out on Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) and Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BScN) students in a medical teaching institute. The Smartphone Dependency Scale and self-structured questionnaire on impact of smartphone on academics were used to assess smartphone dependency and its impact on academics. A total of 436 students were selected using the total enumerative sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential (t-test, Chi-square test) statistics.

Results:

The mean age of students was 20.6 ± 1.29 years, 81% were females, and the mean body mass index score was 21.59 ± 3.41 kg/m2. The mean impact on academics and smartphone dependency scores was 19.92 ± 7.01 and 48.58 ± 11.46, respectively. The impact on academics had a significant association with student category (P < 0.001) and gender (P < 0.001). A significant association was found between the impact on academics (P = 0.003) and smartphone dependency (P = 0.05) with studying class.

Conclusion:

The use of smartphones is more among medical students. Students studying in the first and second years are found to be more dependent on smartphone, which caused a serious impact on their academics. Smart appliances have become mandatory in this era of technology, and it is not possible to stop its usage but negative impact of smartphones on students' academic performance needs to be addressed. Therefore, it is mandatory to organize educational seminars and workshops to promote the appropriate use of smartphones.
Bibliometrics and visual analysis for clinical research on intervention of traditional Chinese medicine nursing technology on rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: TANG Ling , QU Jianni , GUO Hong , WANG Mei , XU Nini , BAI Xiaoyan , FAN Xueyan , XU Zhixuan , TIAN Yihui , ZHOU Fen
Published: May 2022

Objective:

The objective of this study is to explore the current situation, clinical research hot spots, and trends of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing technology in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), to draw a panorama of clinical research, to provide the basis and clues for subsequent high-level evidence integration and further in-depth research.

Materials and Methods:

Seven databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP), Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (Sino-Med), PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched. The bibliometric method and visualization software CiteSpace were used to conduct a multi-dimensional analysis of the included literature.

Results:

A total of 805 pieces of literature were included (of them, one was written in German and four in English), and the number of published literature showed an increasing trend year by year. There were only 30 (3.73%) pieces of literature published in nursing journals. The hot spots of the co-occurrence map were concentrated in: (1) the nursing of fumigation in RA; (2) the efficacy evaluation of TCM nursing technology on pain, joint malformation, and joint dysfunction caused by RA. The included literature themes focused on five TCM technologies: fumigation, moxibustion, acupoint patching, acupoint injection, and Chinese herbal soaking. The beginning year and strength in TCM fumigation were 2012 and 5.2, and those in moxibustion were 2011 and 3.38.

Conclusion:

The related studies are on the rise. It has entered the field of international readers with clear research hot spots. However, there are still shortcomings such as little literature published in Chinese nursing core journals, few non-Chinese-related documents, and a lack of international exchanges and cooperation. The current research hot spots in this field are TCM fumigation, and the cutting-edge trend of future research may be fumigation and moxibustion technology. It is suggested that further research can focus on evidence integration and original research on the self-optimization of these two techniques.
Nursing perspective of the expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of integrated Chinese and Western medicine in lung cancer
Authors: ZHANG Jing , MA Tao , LIU Shuhong , ZHAO Yan , TANG Ling
Published: May 2022

Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest incidence and mortality in China, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a unique advantage in the treatment and rehabilitation of lung cancer. In order to standardize TCM diagnosis and treatment and disease management of clinical medical workers, the Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine issued the “Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer by Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine” in August 2021. Experts' recommendations were made on the clinical staging and syndrome differentiation and classification of lung cancer, characteristic TCM therapies, and nursing care of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. This article interpreted the Consensus on the above aspects from a nursing perspective, hoping to provide references for clinical medical workers in the treatment and nursing care of lung cancer.
Case Report: Disseminated Strongloides stercoralis Presenting as an Ulcerated Gastric Mass in an HIV-1-Infected Patient
Authors: Tameru Kassa , Tsegaye Bekure , Shikur Mohammed , Ergete Wondwossen , Tasew Geremew , Abera Adugna , Wolday Dawit
Published: May 2022

Disseminated Strongloides stercoralis is a common phenomenon among patients with immunosuppression. In this report, we present a case of disseminated Strongloides stercoralis presenting as a gastric mass in a 42-year-old male patient with a known history of HIV-1 infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The patient presented with symptoms and signs suggestive of acute on chronic erosive gastritis, which included persistent vomiting. Endoscopic examination revealed a gastric mass with no signs of malignancy or dysplasia. There was noted to be chronic inflammation along with morphologic features consistent with the larvae and eggs of Strongloides nematodes in a biopsied gastric mass tissue and duodenum. The disease subsequently resulted in death despite the administration of ivermectin.
Chinese Research on Mathematical Logic and the Foundations of Mathematics
Authors: Wang Hongguang , Du Guoping
Published: May 2022

This paper outlines the Chinese research on mathematical logic and the foundations of mathematics. Firstly, it presents the introduction and spread of mathematical logic in China, especially the teaching and translation of mathematical logic initiated by Bertrand Russell’s lectures in the country. Secondly, it outlines the Chinese research on mathematical logic after the founding of the People’s Republic of China. The research in this period experienced a short revival under the criticism of the Soviet Union, explorations under the heavy influence of the Cultural Revolution, and the vigorous development of mathematical logic teaching and research after the period of “Reform and Opening Up” that started in the late 1970s, and the full integration of Chinese mathematical logic research into the international academic circle in the new century after 2000. In the third part, it focuses on the unique and original results of the Chinese mathematical logic research teams from the following three aspects: medium logic, lattice implication algebras and their lattice-valued systems of logic, and Chinese notation of logical constants, which can be used as a substantive supplement to the relevant literature on the history of mathematical logic in China. The last part is a reflection on the shortcomings of contemporary Chinese research on mathematical logic and the foundations of mathematics.
Heritagization of Chinese Migration
Authors: Bofulin Martina
Published: May 2022

In the last few decades, migrants’ past experiences and memories have become increasingly recognized as a heritage. While this can be seen as a positive shift towards a more inclusive evaluation of the past, migration heritage is still overwhelmingly portrayed through a binary between the country of origin and country of settlement. This tendency obscures the multiple transnational connections migrants sustain with different locations along the migration process. Drawing on examples of Chinese migration to Europe, this article argues in favour of forgoing the national(istic) approach to heritagization and instead focusing on the connections formed during a century of Chinese migration to Europe.
Fatal maternal complication due to neurofibromatosis type 1-associated giant pigmented plexiform neurofibromas in pregnancy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Odongo Leo , Goebeler Matthias , Kneitz Hermann , C Lule John , Turyasingura Godwin
Published: May 2022

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