bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring and analysis of surface deformation in alpine valley areas based on multidimensional InSAR technology
Authors: Yang Fan , An Yan , Ren Chuang , Xu Jia , Li Jinbo , Li Dongliang , Peng Zhiwei
Published: August 2023

Joshimath has received much attention for its massive ground subsidence at the beginning of the year. Rapid urbanization and its unique geographical location may have been one of the factors contributing to the occurrence of this geological disaster. In high mountain valley areas, the complex occurrence mechanism and diverse disaster patterns of geological hazards highlight the inadequacy of manual monitoring. To address this problem, the inversion of deformation of the Joshimath surface in multiple directions can be achieved by multidimensional InSAR techniques. Therefore, in this paper, the multidimensional SBAS-InSAR technique was used to process the lift-track Sentinel-1 data from 2020 to 2023 to obtain the two-dimensional vertical and horizontal deformation rates and time series characteristics of the Joshimath ground surface. To discover the causes of deformation and its correlation with anthropogenic activities and natural disasters by analyzing the spatial and temporal evolution of surface deformation. The results show that the area with the largest cumulative deformation is located in the northeastern part of the town, with a maximum cumulative subsidence of 271.2 mm and a cumulative horizontal movement of 336.5 mm. The spatial distribution of surface deformation is based on the lower part of the hill and develops towards the upper part of the hill, showing a trend of expansion from the bottom to the top. The temporal evolution is divided into two phases: gentle to rapid, and it is tentatively concluded that the decisive factor that caused the significant change in the rate of surface deformation and the early onset of the geological subsidence hazard was triggered by the 4.7 magnitude earthquake that struck near the town on 11 September 2021.
Cadherin-16 (CDH16) immunohistochemistry: a useful diagnostic tool for renal cell carcinoma and papillary carcinomas of the thyroid
Authors: Lennartz Maximilian , Csomós Henrietta , Chirico Viktoria , Weidemann Sören , Gorbokon Natalia , Menz Anne , Büscheck Franziska , Hube-Magg Claudia , Höflmayer Doris , Bernreuther Christian , Blessin Niclas C. , Lebok Patrick , Sauter Guido , Steurer Stefan , Burandt Eike , Dum David , Krech Till , Simon Ronald , Minner Sarah , Jacobsen Frank , Clauditz Till S. , Luebke Andreas M. , Siraj Abdul Khalid , Al-Dayel Fouad , Al-Kuraya Khawla S. , Hinsch Andrea
Published: August 2023

Cadherin-16 (CDH16) plays a role in the embryonal development in kidney and thyroid. Downregulation of CDH16 RNA was found in papillary carcinomas of the thyroid. To determine the expression of CDH16 in tumors and to assess the diagnostic utility a tissue microarray containing 15,584 samples from 152 different tumor types as well as 608 samples of 76 different normal tissue types was analyzed. A membranous CDH16 immunostaining was predominantly seen in thyroid, kidney, cauda epididymis, and mesonephric remnants. In the thyroid, CDH16 staining was seen in 100% of normal samples, 86% of follicular adenomas, 60% of follicular carcinomas, but only 7% of papillary carcinomas (p < 0.0001). CDH16 positivity was frequent in nephrogenic adenomas (100%), oncocytomas (98%), chromophobe (97%), clear cell (85%), and papillary (76%) renal cell carcinomas (RCCs), various subtypes of carcinoma of the ovary (16–56%), various subtyped of carcinomas of the uterus (18–40%), as well as in various subtypes of neuroendocrine neoplasms (4–26%). Nineteen further tumor entities showed a weak to moderate CDH16 staining in up to 8% of cases. Our data suggest CDH16 as a potential diagnostic marker—as a part of a panel—for the identification of papillary carcinomas of the thyroid, nephrogenic adenomas, and the distinction of renal cell tumors from other neoplasms.
A method for constructing word sense embeddings based on word sense induction
Authors: Sun Yujia , Platoš Jan
Published: August 2023

Polysemy is an inherent characteristic of natural language. In order to make it easier to distinguish between different senses of polysemous words, we propose a method for encoding multiple different senses of polysemous words using a single vector. The method first uses a two-layer bidirectional long short-term memory neural network and a self-attention mechanism to extract the contextual information of polysemous words. Then, a K-means algorithm, which is improved by optimizing the density peaks clustering algorithm based on cosine similarity, is applied to perform word sense induction on the contextual information of polysemous words. Finally, the method constructs the corresponding word sense embedded representations of the polysemous words. The results of the experiments demonstrate that the proposed method produces better word sense induction than Euclidean distance, Pearson correlation, and KL-divergence and more accurate word sense embeddings than mean shift, DBSCAN, spectral clustering, and agglomerative clustering.
A smart and sustainable pathway for abatement of single and binary mixtures of dyes through magnetically retrievable Ca4Fe9O17 anchored on Biochar matrix
Authors: Yadav Gaurav , Mishra Soumya Ranjan , Gadore Vishal , Yadav Nidhi , Ahmaruzzaman Md.
Published: August 2023

In this work, the author developed Ca4Fe9O17/biochar (CFB) via a green method through a facile co-precipitation procedure involving egg shells as calcium precursor and investigating its performance in single as well as binary solution of methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB). The CFB nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, Raman, FTIR, BET, and VSM. ESR studies show the presence of hydroxyl (·OH) and superoxide (O2·¯) radicals, which are primary radical species for pollutant degradation. The average crystalline size of CFB nanocomposites was found to be 32.992 nm using XRD, whereas TEM analysis indicates a particle diameter of 35–36 nm. The degradation efficacy of MB and RhB dyes was achieved at 99.2% and 98.6%, respectively, in a single solution, whereas 99.4% and 99.2%, respectively, in a binary solution within 36 min. Additionally, an iron cluster was formed during the degradation process of MB dye. The degradation of organic contaminants and generation of iron clusters from the degraded dye products were both expedited by the remarkable extension effect of the Ca4Fe9O17 in the CFB nanocomposites. The three processes were achieved using CFB nanocomposite: (1) the advanced oxidation process; (2) degradation of MB and RhB dye in single as well as binary solution with enhanced efficiency, (3) the production of the iron cluster from degraded products. Thus, these three steps constitute a smart and sustainable way that leads to an effective effluent water treatment system and the generation of iron clusters preventing secondary pollution.
High maternal mortality rate associated with advanced maternal age in Japan
Authors: Tanaka Hiroaki , Hasegawa Junichi , Katsuragi Shinji , Tanaka Kayo , Arakaki Tatsuya , Nakamura Masamitsu , Hayata Eijiro , Nakata Masahiko , Murakoshi Takeshi , Sekizawa Akihiko , Ishiwata Isamu , Ikeda Tomoaki
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to clarify the relationship between maternal mortality and advanced maternal age in Japan and to provide useful information for future perinatal management. Maternal death rates by age group were investigated for all maternal deaths in Japan for an 11-year period, from 2010 to 2021. Maternal deaths among those aged ≥ 40 years were examined in detail to determine the cause, and the number of deaths by cause was calculated. The causes of onset of the most common causes of death were also investigated. The maternal mortality rates were 0.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.3–4.7) for < 20 years, 2.6 (95% CI 1.7–3.8) for 20–24 years, 2.9 (95% CI 2.3–3.6) for 25–29 years, 3.9 (95% CI 3.3–4.5) for 30–34 years, 6.8 (95% CI 5.9–7.9) for 35–39 years, and 11.2 (95% CI 8.8–14.3) for ≥ 40 years of age. Patients who were ≥ 40 years of age had a significantly higher mortality rate compared to that in other age groups. Hemorrhagic stroke was the most common cause of death in patients aged ≥ 40 years (15/65 [23%]), and preeclampsia (8/15 [54%]) was the most common cause of hemorrhagic stroke. Maternal mortality is significantly higher in older than in younger pregnant women in Japan, with hemorrhagic stroke being the most common cause of maternal death among women > 40 years of age. More than half of hemorrhagic strokes are associated with hypertension disorder of pregnancy. These facts should be considered by women who become pregnant at an advanced age and by healthcare providers involved in their perinatal care.
Prospective validation of VEGF and eNOS polymorphisms as predictors of first-line bevacizumab efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Marisi Giorgia , Azzali Irene , Passardi Alessandro , Rebuzzi Francesca , Bartolini Giulia , Urbini Milena , Canale Matteo , Molinari Chiara , Matteucci Laura , Sullo Francesco Giulio , Debonis Silvia Angela , Gallio Chiara , Gallo Graziana , Frassineti Giovanni Luca , Ulivi Paola
Published: August 2023

Bevacizumab (Bev) plus chemotherapy is a standard first-line treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), however to date no predictive factors of response have been identified. Results of our previous analysis on patients enrolled in a randomized prospective phase III multicenter study (ITACa study) showed a predictive value of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) polymorphism (VEGF + 936), a 27-nucleotide variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene and eNOS + 894 polymorphism. mCRC patients, treated with Bev plus chemotherapy, were included in this prospective validation trial. eNOS + 894G > T was analyzed by Real time PCR, while the eNOS VNTR and VEGF + 936C > T were determined by standard PCR and direct sequencing analysis. These polymorphisms were assessed in relation to progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and objective response rate (ORR). These three polymorphisms were not predictive of PFS (p 0.91, 0.59 and 0.09, respectively), and OS (p 0.95, 0.32 and 0.46, respectively). Moreover, the haplotype analyses did not confirm what was found in our previous study; patients bearing a specific haplotype of eNOS had not significantly improved outcomes. This prospective study failed to validate the predictive impact of eNOS and VEGF polymorphisms for response to Bev plus first-line chemotherapy in mCRC patients.
Genetic continuity, isolation, and gene flow in Stone Age Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Mattila Tiina M. , Svensson Emma M. , Juras Anna , Günther Torsten , Kashuba Natalija , Ala-Hulkko Terhi , Chyleński Maciej , McKenna James , Pospieszny Łukasz , Constantinescu Mihai , Rotea Mihai , Palincaș Nona , Wilk Stanisław , Czerniak Lech , Kruk Janusz , Łapo Jerzy , Makarowicz Przemysław , Potekhina Inna , Soficaru Andrei , Szmyt Marzena , Szostek Krzysztof , Götherström Anders , Storå Jan , Netea Mihai G. , Nikitin Alexey G. , Persson Per , Malmström Helena , Jakobsson Mattias
Published: August 2023

The genomic landscape of Stone Age Europe was shaped by multiple migratory waves and population replacements, but different regions do not all show similar patterns. To refine our understanding of the population dynamics before and after the dawn of the Neolithic, we generated and analyzed genomic sequence data from human remains of 56 individuals from the Mesolithic, Neolithic, and Eneolithic across Central and Eastern Europe. We found that Mesolithic European populations formed a geographically widespread isolation-by-distance zone ranging from Central Europe to Siberia, which was already established 10,000 years ago. We found contrasting patterns of population continuity during the Neolithic transition: people around the lower Dnipro Valley region, Ukraine, showed continuity over 4000 years, from the Mesolithic to the end of the Neolithic, in contrast to almost all other parts of Europe where population turnover drove this cultural change, including vast areas of Central Europe and around the Danube River.
Multi-stage spontaneous symmetry breaking of light in Kerr ring resonators
Authors: Hill Lewis , Oppo Gian-Luca , Del’Haye Pascal
Published: August 2023

Symmetry breaking of light states is of interest for the understanding of nonlinear optics, photonic circuits, telecom applications and optical pulse generation. Here we demonstrate multi-stage symmetry breaking of the resonances of ring resonators with Kerr nonlinearity. This multi-stage symmetry breaking naturally occurs in a resonator with bidirectionally propagating light with orthogonal polarization components. The derived model used to theoretically describe the system shows that the four circulating field components can display full symmetry, full asymmetry, and multiple versions of partial symmetry, and are later shown to result in complex oscillatory dynamics - such as four-field self-switching, and unusual pulsing with extended delays between subsequent peaks. To highlight a few examples, our work has application in the development of photonic devices like isolators and circulators, logic gates, and random numbers generators, and could also be used for optical-sensors, e.g. by further enhancing the Sagnac effect.
The impact of snow losses on solar photovoltaic systems in North America in the future
Authors: Williams Ryan A. , Lizzadro-McPherson Daniel J. , Pearce Joshua M.
Published: August 2023

The percent change in solar photovoltaic potential lost due to snow cover for the optimistic SSP126 scenarios between 2019 and 2040.
Lateral flow assay of pathogenic viruses and bacteria in healthcare
Authors: Nan Xuanxu , Yao Xuesong , Yang Li , Cui Yue
Published: August 2023

This review explores lateral flow assays for pathogenic viruses and bacteria, with a particular focus on methodologies, device components, construction methods, and applications.
An identification method to distinguish monomeric sugar isomers on glycopeptides
Authors: DeYong Ashley E. , Trinidad Jonathan C. , Pohl Nicola L. B.
Published: August 2023

A one-step automated flow protocol for the synthesis of protected glycosylated amino acids enabled the production of glycopeptide standards that were used towards the development of an LC-MS/MS protocol.
Selective electrochemical CO2 conversion with a hybrid polyoxometalate
Authors: Kuramochi Satoshi , Cameron Jamie M. , Fukui Tomoya , Jones Kieran D. , Argent Stephen P. , Kusaka Shinpei , Shiraishi Ryo , Tamaki Yusuke , Yatsu Taiki , Shiga Takuya , Ishitani Osamu , Oshio Hiroki , Newton Graham N.
Published: August 2023

An organofunctionalised hybrid polyoxometalate bearing Ru antennae exhibits selective CO2 electrochemical reduction to C1 feedstocks.
Copper-catalyzed three-component annulation toward pyrroles via the cleavage of two C–C bonds in 1,3-dicarbonyls
Authors: Xu Gaochen , Li Luchao , Xu Binyan , Fang Zheng , Duan Jindian , Guo Kai
Published: August 2023

The copper-catalyzed three-component annulation of α,β-unsaturated ketoximes, 1,3-dicarbonyls and paraformaldehyde for the synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted pyrroles has been documented.
Mixed-ligand metal–organic frameworks as an effective photocatalyst for selective oxidation reaction
Authors: Li Hanning , Yang Yang , Jing Xu , He Cheng , Duan Chunying
Published: August 2023

Mixed-ligand Zn-MIX was obtained for the photooxidation of amines and sulfides, which presents a promising strategy for the design of multi-component MOFs with considerable photocatalytic activity.
Metal-free synthesis of selenoesters directly from carboxylic acids using bifunctional selenoureas under batch and continuous-flow conditions
Authors: Mhate Mouzma , Mahanta Chandra Sekhara , Dhaked Devendra K. , Ravichandiran Velyutham , Swain Sharada Prasanna
Published: August 2023

A new metal-free method for the synthesis of selenoesters directly from carboxylic acids using a bifunctional selenourea in a flow reactor is reported.
MOF-based catalysts: insights into the chemical transformation of greenhouse and toxic gases
Authors: Obeso Juan L. , Flores J. Gabriel , Flores Catalina V. , Huxley Michael T. , de los Reyes José Antonio , Peralta Ricardo A. , Ibarra Ilich A. , Leyva Carolina
Published: August 2023

The relevance of MOF materials as catalysts for the environmental remediation of toxic gases.
Photoinduced radical cascade domino Heck coupling of N-aryl acrylamide with vinyl arenes enabled by palladium catalysis
Authors: Li Pei-shang , Teng Qiao-qiao , Chen Ming
Published: August 2023

Here, a redox-neutral palladium-catalyzed photo-induced radical cascade domino Heck reaction of N-aryl acrylamide with vinyl arenes is described.
In situ fabrication of BiOBrxCl1−x photocatalysts with a regulated electronic structure and enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance
Authors: Zhang Haoyu , Zhang Xia , Peng Liman , Liu Jiaxin , Su Yiguo , Huang Shushu
Published: August 2023

BiOBr1−xClx solid solution photocatalysts were constructed with a modulated band gap structure and visible light response, achieving outstanding photocatalytic RhB degradation performance.
A dual functional asymmetric plasmonic silver nanostructure for temperature and magnetic field sensing
Authors: S Simitha , Mohan Devika , Francis Shinto M , Ramachandran Ajith , Jacob Jesly , Thomas Vibin Ipe
Published: August 2023

A geometrically asymmetric plasmonic sensor for the simultaneous and individual detection of multiple parameters with enhanced specificity and accuracy.
New insights into pertinent Fe-complexes for the synthesis of iron via the instant polyol process
Authors: Somasundaram Sivaranjani Kottaipalayam , Buzanich Ana Guilherme , Emmerling Franziska , Krishnan Sangameswaran , Senthilkumar Kittusamy , Joseyphus Raphael Justin
Published: August 2023

The Fe reaction intermediates analyzed through X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveal octahedral ferric and tetrahedral ferrous coordination with distinct bond lengths in vicinal and terminal polyols producing Fe and Fe-oxide as end products, respectively.
Electrostatic gating dependent multiple band alignments in ferroelectric VS2/Ga2O3van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Zhu Yunlai , Qu Zihan , Wang Xiaoteng , Zhang Jishun , Wu Zuheng , Xu Zuyu , Yang Fei , Wang Jun , Dai Yuehua
Published: August 2023

In a 2D VS2/Ga2O3vdW ferroelectric heterostructure, a band structure reversion between the half-metal and semiconductor and electrostatic gating dependent multiple band alignments was realized, showing great potential in ferroelectric memories.
A MXene–BiFeO3–ZnO nanocomposite photocatalyst served as a high-performance supercapacitor electrode
Authors: Nag Riya , Das Sayan , Das Debu , Venimadhav Adyam , Bera Abhijit
Published: August 2023

The combination of MXene, BiFeO3 and ZnO in a nanocomposite (MXBZ) structure has the potential to harness solar energy for the treatment of wastewater and design a flexible supercapacitor electrode with improved energy storage capabilities.
Infrared spectrum of the 1-cyanoadamantane cation: evidence of hydrogen transfer and cage-opening upon ionization
Authors: Rubli Peter Theodore , Dopfer Otto
Published: August 2023

The analysis of the IR spectrum of N2-tagged AdCN+ using DFT calculations reveals that a substantial fraction of the ion population of AdCN+ undergoes cage-opening and intramolecular hydrogen transfer (HAT) upon electron ionization.
Capillary front broadening for water-evaporation-induced electricity of one kilovolt
Authors: Deng Wei , Feng Gu , Li Luxian , Wang Xiao , Lu Huan , Li Xuemei , Li Jidong , Guo Wanlin , Yin Jun
Published: August 2023

Broadening semi-wet gas–liquid–solid three phase regions in a nanoporous film boosts water-evaporation-induced electricity and produces an integrated one kilovolt output.
Expanding the circularity of plastic and biochar materials by developing alternative low environmental footprint sensors
Authors: Cancelliere Rocco , Rea Giuseppina , Severini Leonardo , Cerri Luciana , Leo Gabriella , Paialunga Elisa , Mantegazza Pietro , Mazzuca Claudia , Micheli Laura
Published: August 2023

Flexible screen-printing technology modified with nano/material coating boosted the manufacturing of highly sensitive electrochemical sensors for fast and easy-to-handle tests in different application fields.
Generating signals at converging liquid fronts to create line-format readouts of soluble assay products in three-dimensional paper-based devices
Authors: Abdullah Ibrahim H. , Wilson Daniel J. , Mora Andrea C. , Parker Rayleigh W. , Mace Charles R.
Published: August 2023

A new class of paper-based microfluidic devices capable of detecting single or multiple analytes by forming colorimetric signals at the interface of converging liquid fronts.
Utilizing ChatGPT to assist CAD design for microfluidic devices
Authors: Nelson Matt D. , Goenner Brady L. , Gale Bruce K.
Published: August 2023

GPT-4 was utilized to generate 3D and 2D CAD designs for common microfluidic device components.
Polypentenamer thermoplastic elastomers via copolymerization of cyclopentene and dicyclopentadiene
Authors: Weller Daniel W. , Halbach Robert , Zabula Alexander V. , Mattler Sarah J. , Gu Xiaodan , López-Barrón Carlos R.
Published: August 2023

Dicyclopentadiene monomer was incorporated into statistical copolymerizations with cyclopentene to determine its influence on the resulting copolymers. These dicyclopentadiene nanodomains acted as crosslinks providing strength to the uncured network.
Machine learning the vibrational free energy of perovskites
Authors: Kundavu Krishnaraj , Mondal Suman , Bhattacharya Amrita
Published: August 2023

The Helmholtz (vibrational) free energy of ABX3 perovskites is modelled as a 3rd-order polynomial of temperature. Then, highly accurate machine-learning models are trained to predict the stability and phase transition in competing phases of the perovskites.
Injectable gelatin microspheres for osteomyelitis treatment: osteogenic and anti-inflammatory effect
Authors: Zhang Rui , Chen Li , Stehle Yijing , Lin Mingyue , Wang Chenxin , Li Yufan , Huang Min , Li Yubao , Zou Qin
Published: August 2023

Gel/n-HA composite microspheres (VM) have shown successful therapeutic results in the treatment of osteomyelitis through targeted antibacterial, inflammatory regulation, osteoblast recruitment and bone regeneration characteristics.
Immobilized nickel boride nanoparticles on magnetic functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes: a new nanocomposite for the efficient one-pot synthesis of 1,4-benzodiazepines
Authors: Mohammad Aminzadeh Farkhondeh , Zeynizadeh Behzad
Published: August 2023

In this study, a new nanocomposite consisting of Ni2B nanoparticles anchored on magnetic functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Fe3O4/f-MWCNT/Ni2B) was synthesized and successfully used for the preparation of bioactive 1,4-benzodiazepines.
Monitoring of phosphatase and kinase activity using 31P NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Guo Xiaofan , Han Bowen , Qiu Wenhan , Deng Peiran , Fu Songsen , Ying Jianxi , Zhao Yufen
Published: August 2023

We provide a new method for the direct identification of enzyme activity based on signal changes of phosphorus-containing small molecules in 31P NMR spectroscopy.
Embedding of copper(i) oxide quantum dots in MOF-801 for the photocatalytic degradation of acid yellow 23 under visible light
Authors: Ghasemzadeh Roghayyeh , Akhbari Kamran
Published: August 2023

For the first time, Cu2O QDs were immobilized inside the MOF-801 via double solvents method (DSM) combined with an in situ reduction route (ISRR) for the synthesis of Cu2OQDs@MOF-801 nanocomposite using a simple and low cost route.
An amine-rich porous organic polymer with flexible diarylmethane moieties for adsorptive removal of anionic dyes
Authors: Rashidinia Atena , Dinari Mohammad
Published: August 2023

A novel amine-rich porous organic polymer with flexible diarylmethane moieties was synthesized and used to remove anionic organic dyes.
Hydrogen production and degradation of organic pollutants catalyzed by C/Ti3C2/g-C3N4 hollow microsphere Schottky junctions with a built-in electric field in organic wastewater
Authors: Qin Xiang , Ji Lijun , Zhu Aiping
Published: August 2023

C/Ti3C2/g-C3N4 Schottky junction hollow microspheres were prepared by the template method.
Natural products as anthelmintics: safeguarding animal health
Authors: Salim Angela A. , Butler Mark S. , Blaskovich Mark A. T. , Henderson Ian R. , Capon Robert J.
Published: August 2023

All natural products reported to December 2022 active against helminths (nematodes, tapeworms and flukes) that infect livestock and companion animals.
Nanoscale insights into the local structural rearrangements of amyloid-β induced by bexarotene
Authors: Sofińska Kamila , Batys Piotr , Cernescu Adrian , Ghosh Dhiman , Skirlińska-Nosek Katarzyna , Barbasz Jakub , Seweryn Sara , Wilkosz Natalia , Riek Roland , Szymoński Marek , Lipiec Ewelina
Published: August 2023

We report on the influence of aggregation suppressor on the secondary structure of amyloid-β species. The applied multimodal approach combining nanospectroscopic studies and molecular dynamics enabled to follow the interaction between the aggregating amyloid-β and a small molecule drug.
Ion transport based structural description for in situ synthesized SBA-15 nanochannels in a sub-micropipette
Authors: Zhang Rui , Zeng Qiang , Liu Xuye , Wang Lishi
Published: August 2023

A facile electrochemical method has been developed not only to understand ion transport properties of in situ synthesized nanoporous arrays but also to characterize their structures.
Ruthenium nanoparticles stabilized by 1,2,3-triazolylidene ligands in the hydrogen isotope exchange of E–H bonds (E = B, Si, Ge, Sn) using deuterium gas
Authors: Molinillo Pablo , Puyo Maxime , Vattier Florencia , Lacroix Bertrand , Rendón Nuria , Lara Patricia , Suárez Andrés
Published: August 2023

Selective hydrogen isotope exchange of E–H (E = B, Si, Ge, Sn) bonds has been accomplished using ruthenium nanoparticles stabilized with different mesoionic carbenes (MICs).
Tetraphenylcyclopentadiene-based conjugated microporous polymers for high-performance energy storage carbons
Authors: Saber Ahmed F. , Ahmed Mostafa , Kuo Shiao-Wei , EL-Mahdy Ahmed F. M.
Published: August 2023

Tetraphenylcyclopentenone-based conjugated microporous polymers and their carbons are designed and synthesized for high-performance energy storage.
Correction: Effects of Ni precursors on the formation of Mg–Fe–Ni intermetallic hydrides, kinetics, and reversibility
Authors: Dansirima Palmarin , Thiangviriya Sophida , Plerdsranoy Praphatsorn , Chanlek Narong , Utke Rapee
Published: August 2023

Correction for ‘Effects of Ni precursors on the formation of Mg–Fe–Ni intermetallic hydrides, kinetics, and reversibility’ by Palmarin Dansirima et al., RSC Adv., 2023, 13, 16926–16934, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA01914D.
Correction: Intelligent antibacterial surface based on ionic liquid molecular brushes for bacterial killing and release
Authors: Jin Lunqiang , Shi Zhenqiang , Zhang Xiang , Liu Xiaoling , Li Huiling , Wang Jingxia , Liang Feng , Zhao Weifeng , Zhao Changsheng
Published: August 2023

Correction for ‘Intelligent antibacterial surface based on ionic liquid molecular brushes for bacterial killing and release’ by Lunqiang Jin et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2019, 7, 5520–5527, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9TB01199D.
Transesterification reaction of tristearin (TS) & glycerol mono stearate (GMS) over surface basified PAN fibrous solid catalyst
Authors: Ahmed Rawaz A. , Rashid Sanaa , Ruparelia Ketan , Huddersman Katherine
Published: August 2023

A unique process for transesterification at low temperatures using a novel functionalised polyacrylonitrile polymer mesh acting as a strong heterogeneous base in the production of biodiesel. A promising solution for energy minimisation and the sustainable use of waste fats and oils.
Regulation of cholesterol homeostasis in osteoporosis mechanisms and therapeutics
Authors: Bao Chuncha , Wu Tao , Zhu Siyi , Wang Xiaoyi , Zhang Yujia , Wang Xiangxiu , Yang Lin , He Chengqi
Published: August 2023

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide and is characterized by excessive loss of bone protein and mineral content. The incidence and mortality of osteoporosis increase with age, creating a significant medical and economic burden globally. The importance of cholesterol levels has been reported in the development of diseases including osteoporosis. It is important to note that key enzymes and molecules involved in cholesterol homeostasis are closely related to bone formation. Excessive cholesterol may cause osteoporosis, cholesterol and its metabolites affect bone homeostasis by regulating the proliferation and stimulation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Therefore, antagonism of elevated cholesterol levels may be a potential strategy to prevent osteoporosis. There is sufficient evidence to support the use of bisphosphonates and statin drugs for osteoporosis in the clinic. Therefore, in view of the aggravation of the aging problem, we summarize the intracellular mechanism of cholesterol homeostasis and its relationship with osteoporosis (including cholesterol and cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) in osteoporosis). Furthermore, the current clinical cholesterol-lowering drugs for osteoporosis were also summarized, as are new and promising therapies (cell-based therapies (e.g., stem cells) and biomaterial-delivered target drug therapies for osteoporosis as well).
The Role of Word Content, Sentence Information, and Vocoding for Voice Cue Perception
Authors: Koelewijn Thomas , Gaudrain Etienne , Shehab Thawab , Treczoks Tobias , Başkent Deniz
Published: August 2023

Purpose:

For voice perception, two voice cues, the fundamental frequency (
f
o
) and/or vocal tract length (VTL), seem to largely contribute to identification of voices and speaker characteristics. Acoustic content related to these voice cues is altered in cochlear implant transmitted speech, rendering voice perception difficult for the implant user. In everyday listening, there could be some facilitation from top–down compensatory mechanisms such as from use of linguistic content. Recently, we have shown a lexical content benefit on just-noticeable differences (JNDs) in VTL perception, which was not affected by vocoding. Whether this observed benefit relates to lexicality or phonemic content and whether additional sentence information can affect voice cue perception as well were investigated in this study.

Method:

This study examined lexical benefit on VTL perception, by comparing words, time-reversed words, and nonwords, to investigate the contribution of lexical (words vs. nonwords) or phonetic (nonwords vs. reversed words) information. In addition, we investigated the effect of amount of speech (auditory) information on
f
o
and VTL voice cue perception, by comparing words to sentences. In both experiments, nonvocoded and vocoded auditory stimuli were presented.

Results:

The outcomes showed a replication of the detrimental effect reversed words have on VTL perception. Smaller JNDs were shown for stimuli containing lexical and/or phonemic information. Experiment 2 showed a benefit in processing full sentences compared to single words in both
f
o
and VTL perception. In both experiments, there was an effect of vocoding, which only interacted with sentence information for
f
o
.

Conclusions:

In addition to previous findings suggesting a lexical benefit, the current results show, more specifically, that lexical and phonemic information improves VTL perception.
f
o
and VTL perception benefits from more sentence information compared to words. These results indicate that cochlear implant users may be able to partially compensate for voice cue perception difficulties by relying on the linguistic content and rich acoustic cues of everyday speech.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23796405
The persistence of magneto-rotational turbulence in gravitationally turbulent accretion disks
Authors: Löhnert L. , Peeters A. G.
Published: August 2023

Aims. Our main goal is to probe the persistence of turbulence originating from the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) in gravito-turbulent disks. This state is referred to here as GI-MRI coexistence, with GI standing for gravitational instability. We test the influence of GI strength, controlled by the cooling law, and the impact of Ohmic resistivity.

Methods. Our starting point was three-dimensional, ideal, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of gravitational turbulence in the local shearing-box approximation using the code Athena. We introduced a zero-net-flux magnetic seed field in a GI-turbulent state and investigated the nonlinear evolution. The GI strength was varied by modifying the cooling parameters. We tested the cooling times τcΩ0 = 10, τcΩ0 = 20, and τcΩ0 = 10, with additional background heating. For some resistive cases, ideal-MHD simulations, which had already developed GI-MRI coexistence, were restarted with a finite Ohmic resistivity enabled at the moment of restart.

Results. It appears that there are two possible saturated dynamo states in the ideal-MHD regime: a state of GI-MRI coexistence (for low GI activity) and a strong-GI dynamo. The cases with lower GI activity eventually develop a clearly visible butterfly pattern. For the case with the highest GI activity (τcΩ0 = 10, no heating), a clearly visible butterfly pattern is absent, though more chaotic field reversals are observed above (and below) the mid-plane. We were also able to reproduce the results of previous simulations. With Ohmic resistivity, the simulation outcome can be substantially different. There exists a critical magnetic Reynolds number, ⟨Rm⟩  ∼  500, below which the ideal-MHD outcome is replaced by a new dynamo state. For larger Reynolds numbers, one recovers turbulent states that are more reminiscent of the ideal-MHD states, and especially the strong-GI case. This new state leads to oscillations, which are caused by a significant heat production due to the resistive dissipation of magnetic energy. The additional heat periodically quenches GI, and the quenching events correspond to maxima of the Toomre value, Q.
Coronal energy release by MHD avalanches
Authors: Cozzo G. , Reid J. , Pagano P. , Reale F. , Hood A. W.
Published: August 2023

Context. A possible key element for large-scale energy release in the solar corona is a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) kink instability in a single twisted magnetic flux tube. An initial helical current sheet progressively fragments in a turbulent way into smaller-scale sheets. Dissipation of these sheets is similar to a nanoflare storm. Since the loop expands in the radial direction during the relaxation process, an unstable loop can disrupt nearby stable loops and trigger an MHD avalanche.

Aims. Exploratory investigations have been conducted in previous works with relatively simplified loop configurations. In this work, we address a more realistic environment that comprehensively accounts for most of the physical effects involved in a stratified atmosphere typical of an active region. The questions we investigate are whether the avalanche process will be triggered, with what timescales, and how will it develop as compared with the original, simpler approach.

Methods. We used three-dimensional MHD simulations to describe the interaction of magnetic flux tubes, which have a stratified atmosphere with chromospheric layers, a thin transition region to the corona, and a related transition from high-β to dlow-β regions. The model also includes the effects of thermal conduction and of optically thin radiation.

Results. Our simulations address the case where one flux tube amongst a few is twisted at the footpoints faster than its neighbours. We show that this flux tube becomes kink unstable first in conditions in agreement with those predicted by analytical models. It then rapidly affects nearby stable tubes, instigating significant magnetic reconnection and dissipation of energy as heat. In turn, the heating brings about chromospheric evaporation as the temperature rises up to about 107 K, close to microflare observations.

Conclusions. This work confirms, in more realistic conditions, that avalanches are a viable mechanism for the storing and release of magnetic energy in plasma confined in closed coronal loops as a result of photospheric motions.
Comparison of the Properties of Calcium Silicates Derived from Different Raw Materials
Authors: Mishagin Kirill , Gotlib Elena , Yamaleeva Ekaterina , Sokolova Alla , Khatsrinov Aleksey
Published: August 2023

The limited deposits of natural wollastonite in our country and the labor intensity of its extraction and processing, make promising the development of methods of its synthesis based on various types of domestic plant and fossil raw materials, especially industrial waste. The use of rice husk ash and calcium oxide in the solid-phase synthesis of calcium silicates ensures the content of β-wollastonite in their composition at the level of naturally-occurring Miwoll10-97. The obtained results indicate greater efficiency of amorphous silicon dioxide for the synthesis in the solid phase of calcium silicates. Synthetic calcium silicates, like naturally occurring wollastonite, have a pronounced alkaline surface nature, with the acid-base characteristics not influenced significantly by the sintering temperature, as well as the type and ratio of initial components. Calcium silicate produced from zeolite-siliceous rock has the smallest particle size and the narrowest particle size distribution, i.e. the most homogeneous structure. All investigated calcium silicates increase the wear resistance of epoxy materials, and low-porous silica sand-based fillers are more effective, providing high resistance of filled epoxy materials to climatic factors as well.
Obtaining of highly energy-efficient activated carbons based on wood
Authors: Jumaeva Dilnoza , Toirov Olimjon , Numonov Bakhtiyor , Raxmatullaeva Nigora , Shamuratova Makhinabanu
Published: August 2023

The research work established the distinctive features of the composition and properties of local Paulownia woods - raw materials for the production of highly energy-efficient activated adsorbents. The colloidal, physicochemical properties of the obtained adsorbents from Paulownia wood were revealed. The adsorption properties of the developed adsorbents have been established for deep purification of water-alcohol solutions. In the article, research work was carried out on the wooden stems of a number of trees growing in the territory of Uzbekistan. According to the results of the experimental research, the base of raw materials meeting the requirement of being an adsorbent was researched, and their physico-chemical, colloidal properties were studied. It was found that Pavlovnia wood with high density and porosity can meet the requirement to be an adsorbent. In the study, its porosity, moisture level, ash content, and adsorbent productivity were studied. Based on the obtained results, a series of raw materials that can meet the demand of adsorbent was formed.
Mechanical safety of eccentrically compressed RC-column in the event of emergency impact
Authors: Alekseytsev Anatoly , Kurchenko Natalya , Nadirov Sodikjon
Published: August 2023

The safety analysis of the outermost column of the 8 m high building stylobate was performed under eccentric compression. The bending moments act in two main planes. Modeling of the emergency based on physical and geometrical nonlinear calculation in dynamic statement is proposed. The dynamic overload is modeled simultaneously by longitudinal force and bending moments. It is assumed that such an emergency impact is caused by an impacting body falling from a certain height onto the deformable slab in the vicinity of the slab-column connection zone. An impulse load modeled the load, the magnitude and duration of which were approximated based on the conservation of momentum law. As a result, an area of structural strength, limited by the boundary surface under dynamic loads, was plotted. The mechanical safety consisted in assessing the risk of material damage associated with the collapse of a part of the building structure when the column collapsed.
Settlement and bearing capacity of soil basis near vertical excavation
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan Armen , Vanina Yuliya
Published: August 2023

In the present paper, there was provided development of the method determining the statement and analytical solution of a problem which evaluates stress statement, settlement and load-bearing capacity of the weighty soil layer of limited thickness that is rested upon an incompressible soil basis and the excavation pit wall on exposure to a foundation with the distributed load in the vicinity of a wall. The analytical solution for determining the stress state component in an engineering problem is based on the Ribere-Fileon trigonometric series. Analytical solutions for determining the settlements of the soil bases based on nonlinear dependencies, taking into account the nonlinear elastic-plastic deformation properties of soils, as well as nonlinear rheological properties, are presented The obtained solutions enable to assess the deformation of soil basis and load-bearing capacity with respect to non-linear properties that accurately corresponds to the actual behaviour of soil basis under the loading. The results of stress statement were verified by numerical modelling in PC PLAXIS 2D to prove their validity and accuracy.
Account of compliance of precast disk of overlapping in the calculation of frames
Authors: Trekin Nikolay , Bybka Alexander
Published: August 2023

The article provides a description of the methodology for taking into account pliable interfaces of prefabricated reinforced concrete disks of floors of multi-storey frame buildings when modeling by the finite element method. The results of numerical studies and a comparative analysis of numerical studies of the compliance of the floor disk with experimental data are presented. The results of the study of the effect of compliant interaction of structures on the stress-strain state of a multi-storey frame are shown.
Experimental studies of non-centrally compressed corrosion-damaged reinforced concrete elements under dynamic loading
Authors: Popov Dmitriy
Published: August 2023

In the scientific literature, there is practically no analysis of the effect of corrosion damage on the operation of compressed reinforced concrete elements, especially on the stress-strain state of such structures under dynamic loading. For experimental studies, 37 reinforced concrete samples were made – columns of square cross-section with dimensions of 100×100mm, height of 700mm, extensions of 100×200mm were made in the supporting parts to create off-center compression. In the manufactured samples of reinforced concrete, local corrosion damage of concrete and reinforcement was created for accelerated corrosion of elements, a concentrated solution (37%) of hydrochloric acid (HCl) was used as an aggressor. The article describes experimental studies of non-centrally compressed reinforced concrete elements damaged by corrosion under dynamic loading. According to the load cell readings, it was recorded that corrosion damage leads to a decrease in the height of the compressed concrete zone, due to a decrease in the cross-section of the stretched reinforcement, as well as the lack of joint reinforcement with concrete. The obtained deformation diagrams of transverse, non-centrally compressed, corroded and undamaged samples based on glued strain gages on concrete and stretched reinforcement showed that these deformation diagrams fundamentally differ in shape. The deformations of reinforcement and concrete obtained as a result of a full-scale study made it possible to assess the stress-strain state of damaged and uncorroded structures according to the parameter Ne-1/r (curvature). The effect of corrosion damage on the nature of destruction of non-centrally compressed elements has been established.
Damage detection method for reinforced concrete structures based on technical vision
Authors: Dekhterev Denis
Published: August 2023

Monitoring the technical condition of structures is the most important task aimed at improving the reliability and safety of buildings and structures. In the course of the survey, a set of tasks arises in assessing visible defects and damage, the solution of which requires the experience and attention of structural survey specialists. Often, skipping visible defects is the most common mistake made when surveying the engineering and technical condition of a building. Technical vision, as a method of classifying objects in images, can significantly increase the efficiency of visual inspection and reduce the number of errors on the object. In the present work, a study was made of an algorithm for detecting damage to reinforced concrete structures based on a convolutional neural network model created in the Python programming language. The neural network was trained and tested on real defects of a monolithic reinforced concrete building. Based on the results of the work, the high efficiency of artificial intelligence for determining and fixing defects and damages was revealed as part of a survey of the engineering and technical condition of monolithic reinforced concrete structures of a building under construction. Automation of work on visual inspection of building structures is a promising direction in the development of artificial intelligence.
The effect of polyurethane foam glue on the strength and deformability of aerated concrete masonry when using it as a masonry mortar
Authors: Dzhamuev Bulat
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of experimental studies of masonry made of cellular concrete blocks of autoclave hardening YTONG produced by JSC «Kcell-Aeroblock-Center» on the adhesive composition (polyurethane glue) Dryfix (POLYPAG AG). The tests included comprehensive studies of the strength and deformability of masonry walls made of cellular concrete blocks, under various types of stress state of structures: central and off-center compression of masonry walls, axial tension on bandaged and unbound seams, tensile bending on bandaged and unbound seams, shear with an assessment of tangential adhesion. Tests have confirmed the inconsistency of the technology of laying blocks of cellular concrete on the adhesive composition of Dryfix with incomplete filling of seams. This technology has a significant impact on the strength of the masonry during bending: the adhesion of the blocks to each other with such an adhesive composition applied to the surface of the block is significantly lower than the value obtained when testing the blocks for axial tension. According to the results of the experiments, the value of the temporary resistance to axial stretching along the unbound section (normal adhesion) of the masonry, the values of the calculated resistance of the masonry to stretching during bending along the unbound and tied sections, as well as the value of the calculated resistance of the masonry under central compression were determined.
Consideration of external reinforcement based on carbon fibers for the redistribution of bending moments in slabs
Authors: Simakov Oleg
Published: August 2023

Girderless monolithic floors represent the main constructive technique primarily for residential buildings – an important component is the saving of space in contrast to girder structures. In addition, these structures are typical for other buildings. The issue of punching in monolithic girderless ceilings is one of the most important issues. At the same time, as a rule, only one task is solved – reinforcement from punching and the issue of the stress-strain state of the structure as a whole is completely ignored. This fact leads to an uncharacteristic redistribution of forces in the structure, which ultimately leads to destruction. This article discusses specific examples of calculations and objects with an analysis of the redistribution of moments and the final convergence of the calculation results. In conclusion, the key conclusions are made