bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fronteras y silencios —Los medios de comunicación y las democracias contemporáneas— dramas éticos ¿Y la filosofía?
Authors: González González Miguel Alberto
Published: January 2015

Lasdemocracias contemporáneas, por no decir, modernas, han venido confabulándosecon los medios de comunicación, los unos y los otros se soportan, al fin decuentas hay una simpatía común, las democracias por expandir una buena imagen ylos medios de comunicación por hacerse a los jugosos contratos, pues losvínculos son mediados por el dinero, la sociedad es el pretexto, la coartada yla información entregada es el camino para sus fines.Losque se oponen al poder, terminan siendo acallados con prebendas y en lascontiendas electorales, nunca se establece cual es la verdadera filiaciónpolítica de los medios; al fin de cuentas, sus informaciones disfrazadas dedemocráticas esconden la verdad, puesto que, en la mayoría de los países losdueños de las grandes cadenas informativas son “prestigiosos políticos” o“filántropos perdidos en el dinero”.Enla discusión queda por desenmascarar el contubernio que, cada vez, es másevidente: poder-medios de comunicación,y “la democracia es el medio”, pero el fin no ha cambiado: “hacer un negociocon la información para privilegiar a los mismos”. Las fronteras y los panoramasentre medios de comunicación y las democracias contemporáneas pasan pordiversos dramas éticos que se tratan de visualizar, sin que ello implique unacondena o absolución. La educación, por no decir la filosofía, como en muchosotros casos, sigue anestesiada, a veces, parece comprada porque sus voces no seescuchan; “el silencio otorga” reza un refrán  popular.
Los axiomas de la radio, la tecnología y el periodismo radiofónico
Authors: Cuesta Moreno Óscar Julián
Published: January 2015

En la primera parte, el artículo muestra las cualidadesde la radio, para lo cual hace una síntesis histórica del nacimiento del medioy de sus cualidades técnicas.  Además, proponetres axiomas inherentes a la producción radiofónica: el sonido es el alma de laradio; la radio es el gran escenario de la imaginación y la radio empieza ytermina en el departamento técnico. Sobre todo, hace hincapié en el segundoaspecto, reflexionando sobre las posibilidades estéticas del lenguajeradiofónico. En la segunda parte, hace una reflexión sobre la influencia de losavances tecnológicos en la actual producción radiofónica y analiza la vigenciade los tres axiomas en la radio contemporánea. En este marco, discute sobre lasnuevas dinámicas del periodismo radiofónico.
Comportamiento del consumidor en páginas webs. Tipología de usuarios y respuesta visual ante la comunicación de marca
Authors: Ortegón Cortázar Leonardo
Published: January 2015

El estudio de la comunicación de marca es uno de los aspectos de gran relevancia para la gestión de mercadeo de las empresas. La tendencia en comunicación comercial se ha desplazado a todo tipo de entornos, en los que predominan, a manera de estudio, las plataformas y dispositivos digitales (Santomier, 2008), de modo que la gestión de marca se ve enfrentada a nuevos retos para capturar ymantener la atención de sus consumidores a fin de producir preferencias y actitudes favorables hacia sus comunicaciones en línea. Este estudio presenta una revisión del comportamiento del consumidor en función de su tipología de uso y respuesta visual ante la comunicación de marca en páginas webs, en la que se articulan técnicas provenientes de neuromercadeo como Eye Tracker incluyendo la gráfica de calor (HeatMap) y registro de patrones visuales (Gazeplot). Se demostró la necesidad de integrar múltiples factores de diseño estético y funcional para especificar las relaciones e influencias sobre la compra virtual.
El espectador y la identificación cinematográfica: Los niños del cielo de Majid Majidi como fondo
Authors: Goyes Narváez Julio César
Published: January 2015

Con la película de “Los niños del cielo”como fondo, el autor analiza los procesos de apropiación del espectador y suidentificación cinematográfica. De acuerdo con el texto, la película invita aque su público se identifique con los personajes, porque  reúne temas como pobreza, crítica al sistemadominante, desigualdad, juventud, heroísmo por superar el atraso socioeconómico, crítica al racismo, entremuchos otros. Como muchas otras muestras del cine iraní, cuenta con unabúsqueda estética que se acerca al Movimiento de Representación Institucional(MRI).  Goyes explica cómo muchasveces la visión del director, manejo de cámaras y guión están pensados parallevar al observador al “estadio del espejo”, que introduce la noción de que elcine construye a su espectador. A su vezresponde preguntas como ¿por qué sufre el espectador con la historia? y ¿por qué una historia tan sencilla llama tanto nuestra atención? El autor demuestra que dentro del cinenada es coincidencia y que mientras los que lo desarrollan tengan la clave paranarrar una historia siempre existirá una identificación entre el filme y elespectador.
Dejando los ojos de un venado dormido sobre una lamparita sin voz
Authors: Romero Baltodano Andrés
Published: January 2015

Tomando como eje la exposición Carta Furtiva de la artista colombiana Beatriz González, la investigación analiza las posibles influencias directas e indirectas alrededor tanto del compromiso de la artista como el recorrido por cada una de las obras de la exposición, como muestra de un arte que todavía sostiene una función social y una fuerte voz interior contundente, que, en manos de una mujer artista, se alza en defensa del arte como prueba de pulsiones vitales y de preocupaciones pictóricas en torno a un territorio y sus impactos sociales.
Clarice Lispector y Ángeles Mastretta. Dos versiones de la escritura andrógina en Latinoamérica
Authors: Santa Arciniegas Gabriela
Published: January 2015

Clarice Lispector y Ángeles Mastretta son dos autoras de estilos aparentemente disímiles. Mientras la preocupación de Clarice es llegar hasta lo incomunicable del lenguaje, ahondar en los aspectos psicológicos del ser humano, la de Mastretta es mostrar la historia no oficial de México, lo político visto desde el ámbito doméstico. Sin embargo, en lo que ambas coinciden es en buscar una escritura más allá de los géneros, en apartarse de los parámetros tradicionales impuestos por la mirada masculina del mundo y explorar otras posibilidades de contar, de contarse, de encontrar belleza y verdad en el lenguaje escrito.
Críticos del High-Tech, de Nadín Ospina
Authors: Carrizosa Posada Diego
Published: January 2015

En este artículo el lector encontrará conceptos sobre el eurocentrismo, mediante los cuales se construirá una fundamentación teórica sobre las diferencias de superioridad e inferioridad entre culturas durante la etapa colonial y poscolonial en los países conquistados. Se hablará sobre las influencias recibidas del arte africano por parte los artistas europeos pertenecientes a las primeras vanguardias, así como sobre los resultados que se obtienen en la forma nuevos movimientos artísticos. Se reflexionará sobre el neologismo de lo glocal, de Robertson, que tiene que ver con la mutua colaboración en la búsqueda de un nivel de equilibrio entre “la localización de lo global y globalización de lo local”, con el fin interpretar el concepto de la colaboración mutua entre las relaciones de poder, buscando deconstruir el concepto de dominio que se presenta entre el mundo desarrollado y el tercer y cuarto mundo dentro de la órbita artística. Es, entonces, cómo la obra conceptual del artista colombiano desempeña un papel fundamental en cuanto a los postulados explicados en este artículo, puesto que se basa en una iconografía de la cultura mediática del Primer Mundo, como es el caso del dibujo animado que representa a Bart Simpson.
Alejandro Obregón
Authors: Cobo Borda Juan Gustavo
Published: January 2015

En este texto, el escritor y poeta Juan Gustavo Cobo Borda presenta un recorrido por la obra de Alejandro Obregón. En el escrito, explora la naturaleza del trabajo del artista y su papel como uno de los más influyentes pintores modernos.
Uso de empaques como práctica para inducir a confusión a los consumidores.
Authors: Ortegón Cortázar Leonardo
Published: January 2015

Con el fin de representar algunas prácticas que realizan las marcas y las empresas en el diseño gráfico de sus empaques, las cuales pueden inducir a confusiones a los consumidores en el proceso de elección de marca, se ha desarrollado un estudio de naturaleza exploratoria con el apoyo de ocho casos de empaques de productos en los cuales se ilustra dicho fenómeno. Dicho proceso de decisión y elección ha sido explicado a la luz de la teoría del procesamiento de información desde la perspectiva cognitiva de consumo (Manzuoli, 2005; Maletta, 2010), destacando el papel central de la percepción del consumidor (Braidot, 2009) y características del diseño de empaques (Calver, 2004; Costa, 2004). Se demuestra a través del registro fotográfico cómo algunas marcas comparten elementos de estimulación sensorial visual que inducen a confusión en la elección de marcas en el punto de venta.
La presión como factor estresor en el entorno laboral publicitario
Authors: Rodríguez Martínez Guillermo Andrés
Published: January 2015

La presión laboral es entendida como un potencial factor generador de estrés. La productividad de las personas puede verse afectada dependiendo de la valoración que ellas hagan sobre si una determinada tarea es apremiante o no. Esta valoración está mediada tanto por la autoconfianza del individuo como por el reconocimiento serio y consciente de sus habilidades. El trabajo autotélico, bastión de la teoría del flujo de Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, implica la ausencia del estrés y el deleite por trabajar, producir y crear. Ese estado ideal (negentropía psíquica) fácilmente se ve contrariado cuando en el entorno aparecen factores estresores como la sobrecarga laboral, los plazos cortos para entregar tareas y la amenaza latente de ser despedido del trabajo. Fenómenos psicosociales como la heteronimia instrumental y el descontrol situacional aportan en la configuración del estrés, pudiendo este último derivar en estados psicológicos como la frustración o la ansiedad. Tal y como lo evidenció una investigación realizada por el Programa de Publicidad de la Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, la presión no siempre aporta positivamente en las labores de tipo creativo y muchas veces puede incrementar la experimentación de ansiedad, especialmente cuando los desafíos revisten mayor complejidad. No obstante, en tanto exista autoconfianza y las aptitudes sean acordes al reto laboral, el individuo podrá mejorar su desempeño, permitiendo configurar el estado de flujo propio del autotelismo. Los resultados fueron obtenidos mediante la aplicación de encuestas, diarios de experiencias, sesiones de grupo y entrevistas a profundidad.
Alvaro Mutis, 90 años. De los cafés bogotanos al exilio mexicano
Authors: Cobo Borda Juan Gustavo
Published: January 2015

A propósito de la muerte del novelista y poeta colombiano Álvaro Mutis, en septiembre de 2013, Juan Gustavo Cobo Borda presenta a los lectores de Poliantea un homenaje al escritor de La mansión de Araucaima, recordando al legendario café Windsor.
Thermophysical Properties of Platinum Group Metals in their Liquid Undercooled and Superheated Phases
Authors: Paradis Paul-François* , Ishikawa Takehiko , Okada Junpei T.
Published: January 2015

This review briefly describes the vacuum electrostatic levitation furnace developed by JAXA and the associated non-contact techniques used to measure the density, the surface tension and the viscosity of materials. The paper then presents a summary of the data taken with this facility in the equilibrium liquid and non-equilibrium liquid phases for the six platinum group metals (pgms): platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium and osmium over wide temperature ranges that include undercooled and superheated phases. The presented data (density, surface tension and viscosity of Pt, Rh, Ir, Ru and Os and density of Pd) are compared with literature values.
Building Perinatal Case Manager Capacity Using Quality Improvement
Authors: Fitzgerald Elaine
Published: January 2015

Improving breastfeeding rates among Black women is a potential strategy to address disparities in health outcomes that disproportionately impact Black women and children. This quality improvement (QI) initiative aimed to improve perinatal case manager knowledge and self-efficacy to promote breastfeeding among Black, low-income women who use services through Boston Healthy Start Initiative. QI methodology was used to develop and test a two-part strategy for perinatal case managers to promote and support breastfeeding. A positive change was observed in infant feeding knowledge and case manager self-efficacy to promote breastfeeding. Among the 24 mothers participating in this QI initiative, 100% initiated and continued breastfeeding at 1 week postpartum, and 92% were breastfeeding at 2 weeks postpartum.
ATGL-Catalyzed Lipolysis Regulates SIRT1 to Control PGC-1α/PPAR-α Signaling
Authors: Khan Salmaan Ahmed , Sathyanarayan Aishwarya , Mashek Mara T. , Ong Kuok Teong , Wollaston-Hayden Edith E. , Mashek Douglas G.
Published: January 2015

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase, regulates a host of target proteins, including peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor (PPAR)-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a transcriptional coregulator that binds to numerous transcription factors in response to deacetylation to promote mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism. Our laboratory and others have shown that adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) increases the activity of the nuclear receptor PPAR-α, a PGC-1α binding partner, to promote fatty acid oxidation. Fatty acids bind and activate PPAR-α; therefore, it has been presumed that fatty acids derived from ATGL-catalyzed lipolysis act as PPAR-α ligands. We provide an alternate mechanism that links ATGL to PPAR-α signaling. We show that SIRT1 deacetylase activity is positively regulated by ATGL to promote PGC-1α signaling. In addition, ATGL mediates the effects of β-adrenergic signaling on SIRT1 activity, and PGC-1α and PPAR-α target gene expression independent of changes in NAD+. Moreover, SIRT1 is required for the induction of PGC-1α/PPAR-α target genes and oxidative metabolism in response to increased ATGL-mediated lipolysis. Taken together, this work identifies SIRT1 as a critical node that links β-adrenergic signaling and lipolysis to changes in the transcriptional regulation of oxidative metabolism.
From Cannabis to Problem Drinking? Use and Abuse from Youth to Adulthood
Authors: Hyggen Christer , Hammer Torild
Published: January 2015

AIMS – The transition from youth to adulthood is associated with changes in the consumption of drugs and alcohol. The aim is to explore the process of “maturing out” of high levels of alcohol consumption, substance use and alcohol related problems from youth to adulthood. We are particularly interested in the relationship between the use of cannabis and alcohol consumption in relation to indicators of adult roles and responsibilities and alcohol-related problems over the life-course. METHODS – We used data from the longitudinal panel survey Arbeid, Livsstil og Helse (ALH). The data contains information on alcohol and drug consumption, alcohol related problems and a range of indicators of adulthood like marriage and parenthood from surveys repeated in 1985, 1987, 1989, 1993, 2003 and 2010. The sample was nationally representative for the cohorts born 1965–1968 and thus contains individual histories from youth (17–20 years) to adulthood (42–45 years) with response rates ranging from 80% in 1985 to 53% in 2010 (total n=1997). RESULTS – Alcohol consumption is found to be substantially higher among users of cannabis than among non-users throughout the period from youth to adulthood. The use of cannabis, the level of alcohol consumption and probability of experiencing alcohol related problems decrease as the cohorts grow older. Alcohol related problems are still associated with the level of involvement with cannabis: those with a current or previous involvement with cannabis report more alcohol related problems. Taking into account the decreasing trend of alcohol related problems with age we find that becoming a parent and/ or getting married reduces the risk of experiencing such problems.
Application of geoelectrical profiling in the delineation of shallow periglacial structures on the Drohiczyn Plateau
Authors: Mieszkowski Radosław , Dzierżek Jan , Stańczuk Dominik
Published: January 2015

The paper describes the results of geoelectrical sounding application for delineation of periglacial structures in Wierzchuca Nagórna within the Drohiczyn Plateau (eastern Poland). The method records the variation of apparent resistivity of deposits along a selected horizontal direction. The survey utilizes a distinct geoelectrical contrast between a glacial till and structures composed of sand that have been recognized earlier in a gravel pit wall. The studies have been conducted in direct hinterland of the gravel pit. Rectangular and concentric arrays were applied in the survey. The results have been presented as graphs and resistance distribution maps. The obtained geological image is not complete, although it shows an oriented course of the largest lineaments and traces of a network with a small mesh size (1.5-2 m). The recognized pattern of structures points to harsh climatic conditions during their formation. General orientation of the structures corresponds to the basic elements of the contemporary landscape in the area (slope, valley axes). Geoelectrical sounding using the rectangular array gave better results than in the concentric array, whereas introduction of brine into the system did not enhance the resolution of the readings. The presented resistance distribution maps with a characteristic rhythm of variations may serve as a benchmark for recognizing periglacial structures in areas without exposures.
Applicability of Ground Penetrating Radar on desert archaeological sites: a case study from the Saqqara necropolis in Egypt
Authors: Welc Fabian , Mieszkowski Radosław , Kowalczyk Sebastian , Trzciński Jerzy
Published: January 2015

This paper presents the preliminary results of ground penetrating radar sounding applied at the desert archaeological site in Saqqara (Egypt). The survey was carried out in 2012 within a project realized by Institute of Archaeology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw and the Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw. One of the key aims of the research was testing the application of ground penetrating radar to non-invasive surveys of desert archaeological sites. Radargrams obtained for area of so called the Dry Moat channel surrounding the Step Pyramid complex have shown the geological structure of its filling. It comprises among others debris-sand conglomerate of diluval origin characterized by a significant content of the clay fraction and clay minerals. Such lithological content strongly attenuate the propagation of EM waves, restricting the depth range of the GPR survey. The conducted geophysical prospection west to the Step Pyramid in Saqqara has confirmed the high applicability of the GPR method in non-invasive studies of vast architectural structures, such as the monumental ditch surrounding the Step Pyramid known as the Dry Moat. It should summarised that high horizontal resolution obtained during GPR survey is a result of local geological structure of the searched area, i.e. strong lithological contrast of the sediments filling the Dry Moat, which, depending on their mineralogical composition
When ‘Significant’ is not Significant
Authors: Kennedy Rachel , Scriven John , Nenycz-Thiel Magda
Published: January 2015

Big data is here for some and coming for many. It promises access to new knowledge along with some challenges, but let's not forget the important lessons of the past to ensure that we are advancing knowledge and making the right decisions from the data we have. In this paper, we submit that marketing's emphasis on statistical significance is misplaced, especially in the new world of big data. We include case examples to demonstrate how statistical significance is easy to find, but not necessarily important. We will also discuss the alternative route for generating robust knowledge. Specifically, we espouse the tradition pioneered by Andrew Ehrenberg of Many Sets of Data (MSoD) and descriptive models as the way to advance marketing science, and as a solid foundation for data interpretation in market research studies. We offer insights for market research practitioners and marketers alike, to ensure they are getting the best from their data for robust marketing decision-making.
Validation of the Customer-Based Corporate Reputation Scale in a Retail Context
Authors: Terblanche Nic S.
Published: January 2015

A positive corporate reputation held by customers is important for both financial and customer outcome variables. However, limited research has been undertaken to examine the relationship between corporate reputation and customer-related behaviours. This paper deals with a study in which the shortened customer-based corporate reputation (CBCR) scale of Walsh et al. (2009) was validated in a study of supermarket customers in a developing country. The findings support only two of the five dimensions of the Walsh et al. scale. These are customer orientation and competitiveness of the firm. None of the original reputation dimensions or items associated with good corporate citizenship, such as good employer and being socially and environmentally responsible, was part of the dimensions that remained after the statistical analyses. Both customer orientation and competitiveness of the firm are strongly associated with important outcome variables such as trust, loyalty, repatronage intention and overall reputation. The findings of this study reiterate the view that great care should be exercised when scales are considered for application in a context not similar to the one where the scale was developed.
Social Word of Mouth: How Trust Develops in the Market
Authors: Hajli Nick , Lin Xiaolin , Featherman Mauricio , Wang Yichuan
Published: January 2015

Consumer trust is essential for a business to successfully promote new products and services. This paper develops a trust model from a social commerce perspective by investigating the influence of social commerce constructs on consumer trust in new products and services. By using an empirical study, the results of this research indicate that social commerce constructs could be measured using three dimensions; these are recommendations and referrals, ratings and reviews, and forums and communities. Furthermore, social commerce constructs have a significant positive influence on consumer trust in new products and service. Alternatively, social commerce constructs could generate social word of mouth among potential customers regarding new products and services; this in turn can shape consumer trust. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
Delineating Biophysical Environments of the Sunda Banda Seascape, Indonesia
Authors: Wang Mingshu , Ahmadia Gabby , Chollett Iliana , Huang Charles , Fox Helen , Wijonarno Anton , Madden Marguerite
Published: January 2015

The Sunda Banda Seascape (SBS), located in the center of the Coral Triangle, is a global center of marine biodiversity and a conservation priority. We proposed the first biophysical environmental delineation of the SBS using globally available satellite remote sensing and model-assimilated data to categorize this area into unique and meaningful biophysical classes. Specifically, the SBS was partitioned into eight biophysical classes characterized by similar sea surface temperature, chlorophyll a concentration, currents, and salinity patterns. Areas within each class were expected to have similar habitat types and ecosystem functions. Our work supplemented prevailing global marine management schemes by focusing in on a regional scale with finer spatial resolution. It also provided a baseline for academic research, ecological assessments and will facilitate marine spatial planning and conservation activities in the area. In addition, the framework and methods of delineating biophysical environments we presented can be expanded throughout the whole Coral Triangle to support research and conservation activities in this important region.
Unzippers, Resolvers and Sensors: A Structural and Functional Biochemistry Tale of RNA Helicases
Authors: Leitão Ana , Costa Marina , Enguita Francisco
Published: January 2015

The centrality of RNA within the biological world is an irrefutable fact that currently attracts increasing attention from the scientific community. The panoply of functional RNAs requires the existence of specific biological caretakers, RNA helicases, devoted to maintain the proper folding of those molecules, resolving unstable structures. However, evolution has taken advantage of the specific position and characteristics of RNA helicases to develop new functions for these proteins, which are at the interface of the basic processes for transference of information from DNA to proteins. RNA helicases are involved in many biologically relevant processes, not only as RNA chaperones, but also as signal transducers, scaffolds of molecular complexes, and regulatory elements. Structural biology studies during the last decade, founded in X-ray crystallography, have characterized in detail several RNA-helicases. This comprehensive review summarizes the structural knowledge accumulated in the last two decades within this family of proteins, with special emphasis on the structure-function relationships of the most widely-studied families of RNA helicases: the DEAD-box, RIG-I-like and viral NS3 classes.
The Association between Polymorphism of INSR and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Feng Chun , Lv Ping-Ping , Yu Tian-Tian , Jin Min , Shen Jin-Ming , Wang Xue , Zhou Feng , Jiang Shi-Wen
Published: January 2015

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common gynecological endocrine disorder. The genetic background is believed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. In recent years, the role of insulin receptor (INSR) polymorphisms in PCOS predisposition has attracted much attention. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of INSR and PCOS. Published literature from Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL was retrieved up until 7 August 2014. A total of 20 case-control studies including 23,845 controls and 17,460 PCOS cases with an average Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS) score of 6.75 were analyzed. Ninety-eight SNPs distributed in 23 exons and the flanking regions of INSR were investigated, among which 17 SNPs were found to be associated with PCOS. Three SNPs detected in more than three studies were selected for further analyses. Twelve studies including 1158 controls and 1264 PCOS cases entered the analysis of rs1799817, but no significant association was found for every genotype (p > 0.05). Further subgroup stratification by ethnicity and weight did not lead to discovery of significant correlation (p > 0.05). For rs2059806, four studies including 442 controls and 524 PCOS cases were qualified for meta-analysis, and no significant association with PCOS was found for any genotype (p > 0.05). Four studies including 12,830 controls and 11,683 PCOS cases investigated the correlation between rs2059807 and PCOS, and five of the six cohorts indicated a significant impact. Our current meta-analysis suggests no significant correlation between rs1799817/rs2059806 SNPs and susceptibility of PCOS, while rs2059807 could be a promising candidate SNP that might be involved in the susceptibility of PCOS.
Chemical Constituents Analysis and Antidiabetic Activity Validation of Four Fern Species from Taiwan
Authors: Chen Chen-Yu , Chiu Fu-Yu , Lin Yenshou , Huang Wei-Jan , Hsieh Po-Shiuan , Hsu Feng-Lin
Published: January 2015

Pterosins are abundant in ferns, and pterosin A was considered a novel activator of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, which is crucial for regulating blood glucose homeostasis. However, the distribution of pterosins in different species of ferns from various places in Taiwan is currently unclear. To address this question, the distribution of pterosins, glucose-uptake efficiency, and protective effects of pterosin A on β-cells were examined. Our results showed that three novel compounds, 13-chloro-spelosin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), (3R)-Pterosin D 3-O-β-d-(3'-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside (2), and (2R,3R)-Pterosin L 3-O-β-d-(3'-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside (3), were isolated for the first time from four fern species (Ceratopteris thalictroides, Hypolepis punctata, Nephrolepis multiflora, and Pteridium revolutum) along with 27 known compounds. We also examined the distribution of these pterosin compounds in the mentioned fern species (except N. multiflora). Although all pterosin analogs exhibited the same effects in glucose uptake assays, pterosin A prevented cell death and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This paper is the first report to provide new insights into the distribution of pterosins in ferns from Taiwan. The potential anti-diabetic activity of these novel phytocompounds warrants further functional studies.
A High-Throughput Oxidative Stress Biosensor Based on Escherichia coli roGFP2 Cells Immobilized in a k-Carrageenan Matrix
Authors: Ooi Lia , Heng Lee , Mori Izumi
Published: January 2015

Biosensors fabricated with whole-cell bacteria appear to be suitable for detecting bioavailability and toxicity effects of the chemical(s) of concern, but they are usually reported to have drawbacks like long response times (ranging from hours to days), narrow dynamic range and instability during long term storage. Our aim is to fabricate a sensitive whole-cell oxidative stress biosensor which has improved properties that address the mentioned weaknesses. In this paper, we report a novel high-throughput whole-cell biosensor fabricated by immobilizing roGFP2 expressing Escherichia coli cells in a k-carrageenan matrix, for the detection of oxidative stress challenged by metalloid compounds. The E. coli roGFP2 oxidative stress biosensor shows high sensitivity towards arsenite and selenite, with wide linear range and low detection limit (arsenite: 1.0 × 10−3–1.0 × 101 mg·L−1, LOD: 2.0 × 10−4 mg·L−1; selenite: 1.0 × 10−5–1.0 × 102 mg·L−1, LOD: 5.8 × 10−6 mg·L−1), short response times (0–9 min), high stability and reproducibility. This research is expected to provide a new direction in performing high-throughput environmental toxicity screening with living bacterial cells which is capable of measuring the bioavailability and toxicity of environmental stressors in a friction of a second.
A Novel Virtual Motor Rehabilitation System for Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Authors: Forcano-García M. , Muñoz-Tomás M. T. , Manzano-Fernández P. , Solsona-Hernández S. , Mashat M. A. , Gil-Gómez J. A. , Albiol-Pérez S.
Published: January 2015

Introduction: This article is part of the Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on “New Methodologies for Patients Rehabilitation”.

Objectives: For Guillain-Barré patients, motor rehabilitation programs are helpful at the onset to prevent the complications of paralysis and in cases of persistent motor impairment. Traditional motor rehabilitation programs may be tedious and monotonous, resulting in low adherence to the treatments. A Virtual Motor Rehabilitation system has been tested in Guillain-Barré patients to increase patient adherence and to improve clinical results.

Methods: Two people with Guillain-Barré performed 20 rehabilitation sessions. We tested a novel system based on Motor Virtual Rehabilitation in three periods of time (baseline evaluation, final evaluation, and follow-up. In the training program, the participants carried out a specific treatment using the Active Balance Rehabilitation system (ABAR). The system is composed of customizable virtual games to perform static and dynamic balance rehabilitation.

Results: Significant improvements in clinical results were obtained by both participants, with significant results in the static balance clinical test of the Anterior Reach test in the standing position and unipedal stance time. Other significant results were found in dynamic balance clinical tests in the Berg Balance Scale test and the 30-second Sit-to-Stand test. With regard to acceptance of the system, both patients enjoyed the experience, and both patients thought that this system was helpful for their rehabilitation.

Conclusions: The results show that Virtual Motor Rehabilitation for Guillain-Barré patients provides clinical improvements in an entertaining way.
MODELING METHODOLOGY OF PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE BY THE EXAMPLE OF REAL HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS / AUKŠTYBINIŲ PASTATŲ PROGRESUOJANČIOS GRIŪTIES MODELIAVIMAS
Authors: Barabash Mariya
Published: January 2015

The purpose of the research was to find out several ways to design real buildings with protective measures against progressive collapse. There are no uniform guidelines for choosing the type of finite element able to provide the necessary accuracy of the calculation model taking into account all the main factors affecting the strength and stability of the building. Therefore it is required to develop numerical methods for calculation on progressive collapse of buildings bearing structural elements in case of emergency. In addition, our task was to present a methodology that allows checking the stability of the building agains progressive collapse. By the technique nonlinear analysis on special (emergency) regulations combination of loads and impacts is performed, including permanent and long-term regulatory burden and the impact of hypothetical local fractures bearing structures. This study was carried out on the high rise apartment complex with underground parking. In the empirical part of the study the main concern was to find out the reasons of progressive collapse of structures, taking into account stepwise assembly, building inspection performed rollover. Also the existing building retail and office complex “Gulliver” with public facilities and parking is considered, where computation was made on the progressive collapse of the upper slab technical floor. The calculation was carried out on plates or emergency landing helicopter crash on the floor slab. Analysis of the results leads to the following conclusions. To assess the real vitality of the building in an emergency situation, and resistance to progressive collapse it is recommended to count design taking into account physical and geometric nonlinearity and process modeling lifecycle.
Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas aukštybinių pastatų progresuojančios griūties modeliavimas. Pasitelkiant programinę įrangą LIRA- SAPR atliktas kompiuterinis eksperimentas, iliustruojantis pastato griūtį veikiant įvairiems veiksniams.
Effects of Repetitive Platelet-rich Plasma Application on Human Tenocyte Proliferation
Authors: Mazzocca Augustus D. , O’Malley Michael , Beitzel Knut , McCarthy Mary Beth R. , Chowaniec David M. , Cote Mark P. , Bradley James P. , Romeo Anthony , Arciero Robert A.
Published: January 2015

Current clinical application of platelet-rich plasma is showing a trend toward multiple treatments. The goal of this study was to show the benefit of interval platelet-rich plasma application in the healing and recovery of human tenocytes using an in vitro cell model. Eight volunteers (6 men and 2 women) were included in this study (mean±SD age, 31.6±10.9 years). Venous blood was collected from new blood draws at 3 different times. Two blood products were prepared on each day of treatment: platelet-rich plasma derived from a single-spin process (PRPSS) and platelet-rich plasma derived from a double-spin process (PRPDS). The study had 2 limbs: 2-day and 4-day intervals. Cell proliferation, measured as disintegrations per minute, was then examined via a radioactive thymidine assay. In the 2-day-interval group, the difference in disintegrations per minute between days 0 and 2 in the PRPSSgroup reached statistical significance (P=.006). In the PRPDSgroup, statistical difference was seen between days 0 and 4 (P=.001) and between days 2 and 4 (P=.030). In the 4-day-interval group, the difference in disintegrations per minute between days 4 and 8 in the PRPSSgroup reached statistical significance, showing a decrease in cell proliferation (P=.013). In the PRPDSgroup, a statistical difference was seen between days 0 and 8 (P=.021), also showing a decrease in cell proliferation. The greatest effect of platelet-rich plasma, which has a positive effect on tenocyte proliferation and recovery, is seen on initial application. Its effect is diminished with repetitive application, and this finding leads to questioning of the efficacy of interval platelet-rich plasma dosing. [Orthopedics. 2015; 38(1):e19–e24.]
Long-term Results of Shoulder Hemiarthroplasty in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Geervliet Pieter C. , Somford Matthijs P. , Winia Paul , van den Bekerom Michel P. J.
Published: January 2015

Rheumatoid arthritis affecting the shoulder is typically associated with destruction of the glenohumeral joint and rotator cuff impairment, which can result in severe glenoid erosion. Following hemiarthroplasty, severe glenoid erosion has also frequently been observed. The authors’ aim was to retrospectively evaluate the outcome of cemented shoulder hemiarthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The authors performed 45 cemented hemiarthroplasties in 36 patients with rheumatoid arthritis involving the shoulder as well as associated rotator cuff compromise between 1995 and 2008. All patients were analyzed radiologically and clinically using patient-reported outcome measures. Mean±SD visual analog pain scale score was 3±2. Mean±SD Constant score was 55±16. Mean±SD validated Dutch version of the Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score was 42±19. No radiograph showed loosening of the implant at follow-up. One patient needed an arthrotomy and capsulotomy because of persistent pain and limited range of motion. Tissue cultures taken during this second operation were negative for infection. No major revision surgery was necessary within the follow-up period. Cemented hemiarthroplasty is a viable treatment option for glenohumeral arthritis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Long-term results show acceptable results and low complication rates in this case series for this specific group. A randomized, controlled trial comparing hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty, and reverse shoulder arthroplasty is necessary to draw definite conclusions in this specific patient population. [
Orthopedics
. 2015; 38(1):e38–e42.]
Functional Outcomes of Simultaneous Bilateral Versus Unilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Bagsby Deren , Pierson Jeffery L.
Published: January 2015

Many patients in need of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have bilateral symptoms and require surgery to both extremities. Performance of a bilateral procedure under a single anesthetic provides a reduced hospitalization time, an isolated anesthesia risk, a single rehabilitation, and substantial cost savings. While most current research examines postoperative complication rates, the primary purpose of TKA is the alleviation of pain and improved quality of life. The purpose of this study was to assess pain and functional outcomes associated with simultaneous bilateral TKA. The authors believe that patients with advanced destructive arthritis to numerous joints cannot achieve complete restoration of their functional status until comprehensive treatment of their disease process occurs. A retrospective review of 697 TKAs in 511 consecutive patients with bilateral knee arthritis was performed. Patients underwent either simultaneous bilateral TKA (n=186), performed sequentially under the same anesthetic, or unilateral TKA (n=325). The same intra- and postoperative protocols were followed in each group. There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative pain, represented by Knee Society Score (
P
=.161). However, there was a significantly higher postoperative functional outcomes—including increased total range of motion (
P
=.001), flexion (
P
=.003), and function score (
P
<.001)—associated with bilateral TKA. Simultaneous bilateral TKA is an effective treatment option and may be worth possible added risk in appropriate patients because it produces a better functional outcome. [
Orthopedics
. 2015; 38(1):e43–e47.]
Benefit of Degenerative Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Removal During Anterior Decompression in Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
Authors: Bai Cheng-Rui , Wang Bing-Qiang , Li Kang-Hua , Guo Ai , Tang Hai
Published: January 2015

It remains controversial whether degenerative posterior longitudinal ligaments should be removed during anterior decompression procedures for cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Few data are available from studies that have compared removing and retaining the degenerative posterior longitudinal ligament. The goal of this retrospective study was to evaluate the benefit of degenerative posterior longitudinal ligament removal during such operations. Clinical data on 130 patients with confirmed degenerative posterior longitudinal ligament who underwent anterior cervical decompression surgery were retrospectively reviewed. All procedures were performed by the same senior orthopedic surgeon at the authors’ spinal surgery center. The degenerative posterior longitudinal ligament was removed in 62 patients (group A) and retained in 68 patients (group B). The 130 patients were followed for 36 months. The Japanese Orthopedic Association score improved from 9.0±2.7 to 14.7±1.5 in group A and from 9.4±2.6 to 14.1±1.7 in group B (
P
=.028). The recovery rate for spinal cord neurologic function was 66.7% in group A and 61.3% in group B (
P
=.031). Operating time was longer (
P
=.002) and the sagittal median diameter of the vertebral canal was enhanced in group A (
P
<.001). Narrowing of previously enlarged canals occurred at a significantly higher rate in group B (
P
=.044). No significant difference was found in the rates of common complications between groups. Removal of the degenerative posterior longitudinal ligament in anterior decompression procedures for cervical spondylotic myelopathy appeared to be beneficial and provided more complete decompression and better postoperative outcomes than surgery without removal of the ligament. Although this procedure was generally safe, it required longer operating times, was more technically challenging, and required more experienced surgeons than surgery without removal of the ligament. [
Orthopedics
. 2015; 38(1):e54–e61.]
Ocean bottom seismometer experiment on the Beaufort shelf and slope region conducted during Expedition ARA04C on the IBRV Araon
Authors: Riedel M , Ulmi M , Conway K W , Standen G , Rosenberger A , Hong J K , Jin Y K , Kim H S , Dallimore S R
Published: January 2015

Expedition ARA04C (conducted from September 10 - September 26, 2013 in Canadian waters) on the Korean icebreaker IBRV Araon was laid out to investigate the Beaufort Sea shelf and slope region and collect geo-scientific data for various aspects relevant to the
GSC's mandated regional geo-hazard assessment of the offshore Beaufort region. A critical element of the geohazards is the distribution of permafrost across the submerged shelf. To address this question a set of six Ocean Bottom Seismometers (OBS) were deployed in a grid pattern across the near
shelf-edge zone, and a set of three OBS was used in a second deployment along a central shelfcrossing north-east to south-west oriented line. Initial data processing was carried out, which is required for any follow-up detailed velocity analysis. The processing included definition of exact shot
times, geometry calculation, OBS position re-location, and OBS orientation analysis. A preliminary analysis of the hydrophone and vertical-component data from the OBS stations reveals a P-wave-velocity structure with values ranging from 1800 m/s to over 4000 m/s indicative of wide-spread ice-bearing
sediments. This open-file report also contains the digital OBS data for all stations in standard SEGY format, together with the required raw and processed geometry information.
Simultaneous integrated boost with intensity modulated radiation therapy in brain oligometastases: A feasible technique for developing countries
Authors: Tiwari Vivek , Subodh Pande C. , Verma Kamal , Goel Sandeep
Published: January 2015

Introduction: To analyze the pattern of brain metastasis (BM), and to use intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for target dose escalation in cases with ≤3 metastatic lesions (oligometastases). Materials and Methods: Thirty-two consecutive cases of BM treated during September 2009 to August 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The study comprised 13 males (40.62%) and 19 females (59.37%). Thirteen (40%) patients presented with disseminated intracranial metastases, while 19 (60%) had ≤3 foci. In 25 cases (78%), the primary was located either in the breast (14 cases) or lung (11 cases). The 13 patients with disseminated intracranial metastases received whole brain radiation therapy to a dose of 30 Gy/10-12 daily fractions (Group A) while the 19 cases with ≤3 lesions received an additional dose of 6-10 Gy to gross lesions using a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) with IMRT thus receiving a total dose of 36-40 Gy/12-15 fractions (Group B). Overall survival (OS) for the breast primary was 6.3 and lung primary was 5.3 months, respectively. The mean OS for breast cases in Group B was higher (9.5 months) as compared to Group A cases (1.9 months) and was statistically significant (P = 0.0056). Similarly, primary lung cancer cases in Group B showed a mean OS of 8.75 months versus 2.6 months for Group A cases (P = 0.213). Conclusions: IMRT is a safe and effective technique in cases with oligometastases for dose escalation in the form of SIB.
Cancer related fatigue: A ubiquitous problem yet so under reported, under recognized and under treated
Authors: Kapoor Akhil , Singhal Mukesh Kumar , Bagri Puneet Kumar , Naraya Satya , Beniwal Surender , Kumar Harvindra Singh
Published: January 2015

Background: Cancer related fatigue (CRF) is a problem that is highly under reported, under recognized and thus, under treated. About 80% of patients receiving chemotherapy/radiotherapy experience CRF, making it the most common side effect of cancer treatment. Functional assessment of chronic illness therapy fatigue (FACIT-F) version-4 is a 13 item questionnaire that has been used to measure the level of fatigue of cancer patients during their daily activities over the past 7 days. Materials and Methods: 92 patients of age 18 years and above attending the oncology Out Patient Department (OPD) of a regional cancer center were recruited in this study and were given FACIT-F questionnaire. The relevant sociodemographic parameters were obtained from the medical records of the patients. The internal consistency of the 13 items was measured using the Cronbach′s alpha. Results: The Cronbach alpha coefficient for FACIT-F scale in our study was found to be 0.74. Kendall′s coefficient of concordance was estimated to be 0.080. The correlation between Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status and mean score of FACIT-F was studied, Pearson correlation coefficient was estimated to be 0.271 (P = 0.009). Conclusions: FACIT-F is a brief, simple, easy to administer and patient friendly tool to measure the fatigue in last 7 days. CRF should be given adequate attention from the beginning of the treatment to improve the quality of life of cancer patients.