bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pengaruh PeranMarketing Public Relationsterhadap Peningkatan Citra Lido Lakes Resort and Conference Sukabumi
Authors: Saputra Efan Septian , Sarma Ma'mun
Published: February 2020

The tourism is a priority sector in Indonesia and reliable source to increase of foreign exchange of the country. Along with the increasing competition of hotel industry especially in Bogor regency, the knowledge about how to make a positive image among society is absolutely important. One of the hotel in the Bogor Regency is Lido Lakes & Resort Conference Sukabumi. The purposes of this study are to identify the characteristics of the consumer and to analyze Marketing Public Relations (MPR) effects towards image enhancement of Lido Lakes Resort & Conference Sukabumi. The method of this research are descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The result of the study showed that publications, social events, and media identity are the variables which positively affects the hotel image. It is therefore recommended for the company to focus on those three significant variables to enhance the hotel image.
Rancangan Sistem Pengukuran Kinerja Berbasis Human Resource Scorecard Pada Universitas Muhammadiyah Luwuk
Authors: Abbas Nurhaeda , Sukmawati Anggraini , Syamsun Muhammad
Published: February 2020

Today the performance measurement of Muhammadiyah Luwuk uUniversity’s performance has not formulated yet based on University’s vision and mission. It will affect the strategic steps needed and performance improvement efforts in the future.  Human resource scorecard is the right system to be applied in Muhammadiyah Luwuk University. The purpose of this study is to designed a performance measurement system at Muhammadiyah Luwuk University using the Human Resource Scorecard with four perspectives: stakeholder, academic management and kemuhammadiyaan, operational and innovation, as well as and learning. Data was analyzed by analytical hierarchy process method. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires, focus group discussions and in-depth interview with stakeholders at Muhammadiyah Luwuk University. The results showed that there were 14 strategic objectives and 33 key performance indicators to be achieved by the priority objectives, which are: empowerment and development of faculty, increased administrative process quality, improved sound budget performance and, improvement of the relationship with stakeholders.
Halaman Cover Depan
Authors: Agusta Ivanovich
Published: February 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29244/jskpm.4.1.i-iii
Analisis Gender pada Rumah Tangga Nelayan terhadap Fenomena Perubahan Iklim
Authors: Mustaurida Rohmah , Falatehan Sriwulan Ferindian
Published: February 2020

Climate change now is not only society in global level problem, but also at communities level. Shapes of climate change was happened in Sukajaya Lempasing village were flood, coastline change, and fishes habitat change. In fishermen household there were women and men who had different needs, roles, and division of labor. The purpose of this study were to identify shapes of climate change, to analyze the relationship between individual and household characteristics with access, decision making of resources, control, participation in social activities, and benefits gained in gender perspective, also to know vulnerability of coastal household in Sukajaya Lempasing village. The respondes were household with man leader and woman leader. This study was used quantitative and qualitative metodes. Rank Spearman test result showed there were individual and household caracteristics had highly corelation between (a) eduation with division of labour in productive role, (b) age and motivation be a fishermen with control of productive role, (c) age, experience of fishing, and mount of member in household with control in social role, (d) age and experience of fishing with division of labour and control of benefits gained.Keywords : Climate change, gender, fishermen householdABSTRAK Perubahan iklim kini bukan hanya masalah masyarakat pada tingkat global saja, tapi juga pada tingkat komunitas. Dapak perubahan iklim yang terjadi di Desa Sukajaya Lempasing seperti banjir/rob, perubahan garis pantai, dan perubahan habitat ikan berdampak pada rumah tangga nelayan. Rumah tangga terdiri dari individu perempuan dan laki-laki yang memiliki kebutuhan, peran, dan pembagian kerja yang bebeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dampak perubahan iklim, menganalisis hubungan karakter individu dan rumah tangga terhadap pembagian kerja, pengambilan keputusan terhadap sumberdaya, kontrol, partisipasi, dan manfaat yang diperoleh dalam perspektif gender pada anggota rumah tangga nelayan, dan mengetahui kerentanan pada rumah tangga nelayan. Responden merupakan rumah tangga dengan kepala rumah tangga laki-laki dan perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil uji korelasi menggunakan Rank Spearman menunjukkan adanya variabel karakteristik individu dan rumah tangga yang signifikan, yaitu antara (a) pendidikan terhadap pembagian kerja dalam kegiatan produktif, (b) umur dan motivasi menjadi nelayan terhadap kontrol terhadap kegiatan produktif, (c) umur, lama menjadi nelayan, dan jumlah anggota rumah tangga terhadap kontrol dalam mengikuti kegiatan sosial, (d) umur dan lama menjadi nelayan terhadap pembagian kerja dan kontrol terhadap manfaat yang diperoleh.Kata Kunci : Perubahan iklim, gender, rumah tangga nelayan
Analisis Gender dalam Upaya Adaptasi dan Mitigasi Perubahan Iklim
Authors: Ramadhani Fadhilla Putri , Hubeis Aida Vitayala S
Published: February 2020

Gekbrong Village is the only village in West Java designated as a pilot village in adaptation and mitigation of climate change programme called ‘Program kampung Iklim’ by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in 2013. Adaptation and mitigation to climate change are not gender-neutral as women and men have the capacity, role, and contribution in adaptation and mitigation to climate change differently. However, gender bias in the activities leads to an imbalance in the capacity of adaptation and mitigation across gender to deal with climate change effects. The overall objective of the study was to analyze the role of gender in agricultural households and to analyze the relationship between gender roles in agricultural households with gender equality in adaptation and mitigation of climate change in agricultural households. This research uses quantitative data by survey method by using simple random sampling technique analyzed by cross-tabulation and Rank Spearman supported by qualitative data with an in-depth interview.Keywords : climate change, gender role, Program Kampung IklimABSTRAK Desa Gekbrong merupakan satu-satunya desa di Jawa Barat yang ditunjuk sebagai desa percontohan dalam kegiatan upaya adaptasi dan mitigasi perubahan iklim pada Program Kampung Iklim oleh Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan di tahun 2013.  Pada dasarnya, adaptasi dan mitigasi perubahan iklim tidak netral gender karena perempuan dan laki-laki memiliki kapasitas, peran, dan berkontribusi secara berbeda. Namun adanya bias gender dalam penerapannya, upaya adaptasi dan mitigasi perubahan iklim menimbulkan ketidakadilan, salah satunya beban kerja ganda pada perempuan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik dan pembagian peran gender dalam rumah tangga pertanian dengan tingkat kesetaraan gender dalam upaya adaptasi dan mitigasi perubahan iklim. Penelitian ini menggunakan data kuantitatif metode survey, diolah dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling, dianalisis menggunakan tabulasi silang dan Rank Spearman, serta didukung data kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam.Kata Kunci : peran gender, perubahan iklim, Program Kampung Iklim
Analisis Gender Rumah Tangga Tenaga Kerja Perempuan dalam Sektor Industri Garmen dengan Sistem Putting Out
Authors: Sumilat Dimas Erik , Wahyuni Ekawati Sri
Published: February 2020

Double burden is a situation where a woman works both on reproductive and productive activity for long hours. One of the working systems that allow women to do productive activities at the same time as reproductive is a putting-out system. However, this system may disadvantaged women in terms of wages, which will affect the income and welfare of the household. The objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between the level of gender equality to the household’s income and to the welfare of the household. This research is using a quantitative approach with survey method and supported by qualitative data. The analysis’ unit of this research is the female labours’ household with a putting-out system. This research indicated that woman experiences double burden and inequality in the access and control of resources and benefits. A household with high access and control of benefits have a higher income. A household with high access to resources and control of benefits have higher household’s welfare.Keywords: female workers, gender analysis, putting out system ABSTRAKBeban ganda merupakan situasi di mana perempuan bekerja dalam kegiatan reproduktif dan produktif dengan curahan waktu yang lama. Salah satu sistem pekerjaan yang membuat perempuan melakukan pekerjaan reproduktif dan produktif secara bersamaan adalah sistem putting out. Akan tetapi, sistem ini merugikan perempuan terutama dalam hal pengupahan, yang berakibat juga pada pendapatan dan kesejahteraan rumah tangga tenaga kerja. Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan kesetaraan gender dalam rumah tangga dengan pendapatan rumah tangga dan kesejahteraan rumah tangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei dan didukung data kualitatif. Unit analisis penelitian ini adalah rumah tangga tenaga kerja perempuan dengan sistem putting out. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perempuan memiliki beban ganda pada pembagian kerja dan didapati adanya ketidaksetaraan gender pada akses dan kontrol terhadap sumber daya dan manfaat. Semakin tinggi tingkat akses dan kontrol terhadap manfaat dalam rumah tangga, maka semakin tinggi juga pendapatan rumah tangga. Selain itu, semakin tinggi tingkat kontrol terhadap sumber daya dan kontrol terhadap manfaat dalam rumah tangga, semakin tinggi juga kesejahteraan rumah tangganya.Kata Kunci: tenaga kerja perempuan, analisis gender, sistem putting out
Tingkat Kesetaraan Gender dalam Rumah Tangga Peserta Program Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL)
Authors: Rahma Audia , Amanah Siti
Published: February 2020

Sustainable Reserve Food Garden (SRFG) is a program initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture to increase households food security. The program involves the households that consist of men and women in the activities of SRFGP. To see whether the program has addressed gender equality,  the research aims to analyze how the beneficiary households characteristics of SRFG, how men, women in the beneficiary households divides the division of labours and how the external supports towards the implementation of SRFGP. A census was conducted to 46 beneficiary households of SRFGP who are members of the Melati, Dahlia, and Mawar Women's Farmers Group (WFG) also supported by in-depth interviews to six informants including three chiefs of each WFG, chief of combined farmer group (CFG), agricultural extension officer, and the Village Head of Cikarawang. Most of the beneficiary households have a low level of gender equality in the implementation of SRFGP. The results show the issues of subordination and multi burden that experienced by women in the division of labours arises due to strong social value in the community, women are conceived to be responsible to activities such as managing the households and family, whilst men embedded as head of the family and responsibility to protect the family socio-economically.Keywords: gender equality, rural households, SRFGABSTRAKKawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL) merupakan program yang dikembangkan oleh Kementerian Pertanian guna memenuhi ketahanan pangan rumah tangga. Program ini melibatkan rumah tangga yang terdiri dari laki-laki dan perempuan dalam kegiatan Program KRPL. Untuk melihat apakah program ini telah menerapkan prinsip kesetaraan gender, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana karakteristik rumah tangga peserta Program KRPL, bagaimana pembagian kerja dalam rumah tangga peserta dan bagaimana dukungan lingkungan dalam pelaksanaan Program KRPL. Sensus dilakukan terhadap 46 rumah tangga peserta Program KRPL anggota Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Melati, Dahlia, dan Mawar juga didukung wawancara mendalam kepada enam informan yaitu tiga ketua masing-masing KWT, ketua gapoktan, penyuluh pertanian, dan Kepala Desa Cikarawang. Sebagian besar rumah tangga peserta memiliki tingkat kesetaraan gender yang rendah dalam pelaksanaan Program KRPL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat Isu subordinasi dan  beban kerja ganda yang dialami perempuan dalam pembagian kerja rumah tangga muncul akibat kuatnya nilai sosial dalam masyarakat yang dominan menempatkan perempuan pada kegiatan mengatur urusan rumah dan keluarga, sementara laki-laki sebagai kepala keluarga lebih dikhususkan untuk melindungi keluarga secara sosial ekonomi.Kata kunci: kesetaraan gender, Program KRPL, rumah tangga di pedesaan
Pengaruh Stereotip Gender dan Konflik Peran Gender Laki-laki terhadap Motivasi Kerja Pemuda Desa Putus Sekolah
Authors: Rahmadhani Ghania Ahsani , Virianita Ratri
Published: February 2020

Problem with dropping out are still common in Indonesia, especially in rural areas. Village youth prefer to work and not continue school. The decision was made because of the notion that men are the main breadwinners of the family. This assumption affects the psychological state of men called male gender role conflict. With the existence of gender stereotypes and conflicting male gender roles can trigger the motivation to work. The purpose of this study was to determine the direct influence of male gender stereotypes on the work motivation of youth dropping out of school and the indirect influence between them through men’s gender role conflict. This research uses a quantitative approach with a questionnaire and is supported by a qualitative approach through interviews. The results showed that there was direct and indirect influence between male gender stereotypes to work motivation of youth drop out. Indirect effects are mediated by men’s gender role conflict with partial mediation.Key words: drop out, gender role conflict, gender stereotypes, men, village youth, work motivationABSTRAKPermasalahan putus sekolah masih sering terjadi di Indonesia, terutama di daerah pedesaan. Pemuda desa lebih memilih bekerja dan tidak melajutkan sekolah. Keputusan tersebut dilakukan karena anggapan bahwa laki-laki sebagai pencari nafkah utama keluarga. Anggapan tersebut memengaruhi keadaan psikologis laki-laki yang disebut konflik peran gender laki-laki. Dengan adanya stereotip gender dan konflik peran gender laki-laki dapat memicu adanya motivasi bekerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh langsung stereotip gender laki-laki terhadap motivasi kerja pemuda desa putus sekolah serta pengaruh tidak langsung di antara keduanya melalui konflik peran gender laki-laki. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan kuesioner dan didukung pendekatan kualitatif melalui wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung antara stereotip gender laki-laki terhadap motivasi kerja pemuda desa putus sekolah. Pengaruh tidak langsung dimediasi oleh konflik peran gender laki-laki dengan mediasi bersifat parsial.Kata kunci: konflik peran gender, laki-laki, motivasi kerja, pemuda desa, putus sekolah, stereotip gender
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri dengan Bantuan Media Tiga Dimensi Terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains dan Hasil Belajar Fisika Peserta Didik
Authors: Maharani Ridayatul Jannah Putri , Taufik Muhammad , Ayub Syahrial , Rokhmat Joni
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of inquiry learning models with three-dimensional media on science process skills and physics learning outcomes of students. This study uses quasi-experiment by taking work and energy topics. Data collection on science process skills using an observation sheet. Whereas for the learning outcomes data is done with multiple choice test techniques as many as 25 questions. Data analysis using manova test with significant obtained at 0.00 (significant <0.05). With a significance of less than 0.05 this shows that there is influence on the experimental class and the control class on, so it can be concluded that the application of the inquiry learning model with the help of three-dimensional media has an influence on students' science process skills and physical learning outcomes.
Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Penguasaan Konsep Dasar IPA Peserta Didik
Authors: Ramdani Agus , Jufri A Wahab , Jamaluddin Jamaluddin , Setiadi Dadi
Published: February 2020

Students must be able to think at a high level in order to meet the requirements of the 21st century, including the ability to think critically. The mastery of student concepts about a material being studied influences the ability to think critically. The thing to remember is that all forms of critical thinking would not be possible without the main component of mastery of concepts. The purpose of this study is to describe the ability of critical thinking and mastery of the basic concepts of science among SMPN students in Central Lombok Regency. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive research with survey methods. Critical thinking tests and mastery of concepts by students using multiple choice instruments. The results showed that the average results: a) The critical thinking skills of nine high school students in Central Lombok were 71.69% with high criteria. The second critical thinking indicator, which provides further explanation, achieves the highest score in comparison with other indicators. b) Control of the basic concepts of natural sciences students with 76.20% with high criteria. The first indicator for controlling the concept is remembering who scores the highest score compared to other indicators
Conversion of Total Extraperitoneal (TEP) to Transabdominal Preperitoneal (TAPP) for repair of inguinal hernia; Frequency and causes.
Authors: Ghayasuddin Muhammad , Usmani Fareya , Munir Imran , Anjum Shafiq Mahwash , Raza Naqvi Syed Muhammad Sheraz
Published: February 2020

Objectives: Our study aims to determine the incidence of and reasons for the conversion of hernia operations from laparoscopic guided total extraperitoneal (TEP) to transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair (TEPP). Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: A large tertiary care hospital in Karachi Pakistan. Period: From August 2016 to November 2018. Material & Methods: The sampling technique utilized was consecutive non-probability sampling. The study population consisted of patients between the ages of 22 and 50 years, males, having unilateral inguinal hernia, both direct and indirect presentation. A complete history and physical examination was performed and recorded in a pre-designed proforma for all the patients. Laboratory investigations were performed per routine. The patients underwent laparoscopic total extraperitoneal hernia repair and were noted for complications and conversion to transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics version 20. Chi-square test was used to analyze categorical variables, while mean and percentages were used for numerical data. A p value of less than 0.05 is considered to be statistically significant. Results: The study population was n= 150, mean age of the patients was 36.25 +/- 7.08 with a minimum of 22 and a maximum of 50 years. The direct hernia was present in 47.33% (71 patients) while an indirect hernia was present in 52.67% (79 patients). Out of the total patient population, 21 (14%) of the patients (having a p-value of 0.013) were converted to the TAPP procedure of which 10 (14.08%) has a direct hernia and 11 (13.92%) had an indirect hernia respectively (having a p-value of 0.953). The most common reason for conversion was peritoneal tear, hemorrhage and instrument failure. Conclusion: According to the results of our study, 14% of cases of direct and indirect hernia had to convert from TEP to TAPP procedure, and the main reasons for this conversion were found to be hemorrhage, peritoneal tear and instrument failure.
Isolated Zygomatic bone fracture: assessment of outcome by two point fixation.
Authors: Abdullah Khushboo , Shahzad Muhammad , Bhangwar Abdul Wahid , Hassan Syed Ghazanfar , Panjabi Suneel Kumar
Published: February 2020

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to assess the outcome of two-point fixation in isolated zygomatic bone fracture. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, LUMHS, Jamshoro/Hyderabad. Period: From 1/3/2018 to 31/8/2018. Material & Methods: Consisted of 46 patients with displaced isolated zygomatic bone fractures. All fractures were treated by reduction with transoral (Keen’s) approach & fixation was done by two point fixation with titanium miniplates. Patient was discharged from the hospital next day & advised follow-up after two weeks. Mean ± St & ard deviation was computed for qualitative variables. Diplopia was described in frequencies. Mouth opening was measured on 7th day or 1 month & measured in 1mm by metallic ruler. T-test was applied to find the P Value. Results: There were 34 male & 12 female patients. 56.5% injuries were caused by road traffic accident. Mean mouth opening at 1st week was 25.23±5.15mm & at 2nd week was 38.75±2.00 mm. At 1st week diplopia was found in 26.1% subjects while at 2nd week, diplopia was found in 10.9% subjects. There was significant difference in mean mouth opening at 1st week with 2nd week. The results also showed significant association of diplopia at 1st week with 2nd week. Conclusion: isolated zygomatic fractures can be reduced & immobilized by two-point fixation with screws & titanium mini bone plates at frontozygomatic & the zygomatic buttress area. Post-operative complications i.e. opening of mouth & diplopia were suggestively decreased afterward 15 days of treatment.
Correlation of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) after appendicectomy with per-operative morphological appearance of appendix.
Authors: Firdos Rehana , Abdi Irfan Haider , Laghari Qambar Ali , Sahito Mujeeb ur Rahman , Kalhoro Naimatullah
Published: February 2020

Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of emergency abdominal surgery worldwide. Postoperatively, surgical site infection (SSI) occurs in 3% to 60% of appendicectomized patients, depending on pathological state of appendix. SSI is a devastating complication from biologic and economic point of view and has enormous impact on patient’s quality of life. Objectives: To determine the frequency of surgical site infection after appendicectomy in patients presenting as acute appendicitis and correlate it with per-operative morphological appearance of appendix. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of General Surgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro. Period: One year from March 2015 to February 2016. Material & Methods: This study was carried out on 200 patients. All male and female patients above age of 12 years with clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis or localized peritonitis due to perforated appendix undergoing appendectomy by grid iron incision and whose skin closed primarily by interrupted silk 2/0 stitches were included in the study. Operative findings were recorded and inflammation of appendix was graded into four categories. Postoperatively patients were followed for period of 30 days to check the development of SSI. Results: Out of 200 patients, 42 suffered from SSI (21%). On the basis of per-operative morphological appearance of appendix, uncomplicated appendicitis was significantly high 135(67.5%) than complicated appendicitis 65(32.5%). SSI developed in 12(28.5%) cased of uncomplicated and 30(71.5%) cases of complicated appendicitis. Conclusion: It was not possible to establish a relationship between SSI and per-operative morphological appearance of appendix. Frequency of SSI reported here (21%) is comparable with literature. We recommended that avoiding delay in diagnosis, use of peri-operative antibiotics, sound surgical technique to avoid wound contamination and continuing surveillance is necessary to further reduce SSI rates after open appendicectomy.
Geriatric Type 2 diabetes; the risk factors and associations for medication non-adherence.
Authors: Shams Nadia , Amjad Sadia , Seetlani Naresh Kumar , Niaz Furquana , Farhat Shazia , Bashir Farhat
Published: February 2020

Objectives: To determine medication adherence in geriatric type 2 diabetes cases, risk factors for non-adherence and association with functional dependence. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional. Setting: Department of Medicine, RIHS Islamabad. Period: Sept. 2016 - Feb. 2017. Material & Methods: 100 type 2 diabetes cases (>65 years) included in group-A (geriatric group) and 100 gender matched type 2 diabetes cases (<65 years) in group-B (non-geriatric group). Type 1 diabetes cases, critically ill and with incomplete medication record were excluded. Morisky Diabetes Questionnaire (MMAS-8) applied for medication adherence. Glycemic control, diabetes duration, co-morbids, treatment regime, poly-pharmacy, alternative medicine, functional status (Katz index) and visual morbidity assessed in both groups. Data analyzed by SPSS V-20 and Chi-square test applied with significant p < 0.05. Results: Mean age was 71.43+5.58 years (group-A) vs. 49.28+6.57 years (group-B). Mean diabetes duration was 9.61+8 years (group-A) vs. 7.4+4.9 years (group B). Functional status was independent in 53%(group-A) vs. 86%(group-B), significantly dependent 40%(group-A) vs. 11%(group-B) and dependent 7% (group-A) vs. 3% (group-B). High adherence in 3% (group-A) vs. 10%(group B); medium 24%(group-A) vs. 32%(group-B) and low 73%(group-A) vs. 58% (group B). Non-adherence in 73%(group-A) vs. 58%(group-B). Poly-pharmacy, co-morbids, combination anti-diabetes regimes, visual morbidity, physical dependence and poor glycemic control was frequent in geriatric diabetes cases (p<0.05). Conclusions: Medication adherence has pivotal role to attain target glycemic control. Higher medication non-adherence in geriatric diabetes cases needs to be addressed. Counseling sessions supported by literature in local language and addressing the identified risk factors may improve medication adherence in geriatric diabetes cases, hence improved glycemic control and morbidity.
A case report of rare synchronous primary cancer in genital tract of middle aged female: Synchronous primary endometrial adenocarcinoma and serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of ovary.
Authors: Samad Afra , Syed Madiha , Samad Arbaz
Published: February 2020

Synchronous cancers are defined as two or more histologically distinct malignancies arising in the same site, following each other in a sequence of < 2 months. Synchronous primary cancers are rare in general population and account for only 0.5-1.7% of gynaecological malignancies.1,2 It is important to distinguish synchronous primary tumors from metastatic malignancies.3 Case Report:  We report a case of 55 years old female with history of pain in abdomen for the last one year. Surgical intervention was planned after complete work up. Hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and omentectomy was done. Histopathological examination reported the presence of synchronous endometrial adenocarcinoma well differentiated and malignant ovarian tumor low grade serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma. Conclusion: Though a rare presentation synchronous primary endometrial and ovarian cancers, usually identified at early stage and have a good prognosis.
FEV1 (Force Expiratory Volume)/FEV6 and FEV6 as an alternative for FEV1/FVC (Forced vital capacity) and FVC in the detection of airway obstruction.
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , Usman Umar , Musharaf Saqib , Hussain Hafiz Amjed , Afzal Muhammad , Mahmood Khan Rashid
Published: February 2020

Objectives: To evaluate the use of FEV6 and FEV1/FEV6 as an alternative of FVC and FEV1/FVC in determining airways restriction and obstruction. Study Design: Cross sectional Study. Setting: Department of pulmonology, DHQ Hospital Faisalabad. Period: 6 months (January-June, 2017). Material & Methods: Sample size of 250 patients, with 45-80 years of age who can exhale for 6 seconds were included in the study. Reference equations were used to detect lower normal limits (LNL) of FEV6, FVC, FEV1/FEV6 and FEV1/FVC. A person was said to have obstruction if FEV1/FVC was below LNL. We considered a person to have restriction if FVC was below LNL without any obstructive pattern. FEV1/FEV6 and FEV6 sensitivity and specificity were determined from this data. Results: Sensitivity of FEV1/FEV6 was 97.4% while specificity was 85.2%, in case of airway obstruction positive predictive value was 96.5% and negative predictive value was 88.5%. In case of restrictive pattern detected by spirometry a sensitivity of FEV6 was 96.5 % and 85.71 % was specificity 97.6% was PPVs and 80% was NPVs .Values were close to LNL in case when difference was noted between two indexes. Conclusion: Instead of FEV1/FVC, FEV1/FEV6 can be used for diagnosing airway obstruction, particularly for screening population having high risk for COPD. For determining restrictive pattern by spirometry FEV6 can also be used instead of FVC by providing less confusing and easier results.
Frequency of Diabetic Retinopathy in patients with Type-II diabetes mellitus in an upscale clinic in Karachi.
Authors: Nasir Saad , Khan Beenish , Quraishy Muhammad Muneer
Published: February 2020

Objectives: The objective of this study is to measure the current frequency of diabetic retinopathy in Karachi and the stage at which they present first to the outpatient department. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: A private clinic setup in Karachi. Period: 1st July 2015 to 30th June 2016. Material & Methods: In this study, 440 eyes of 220 diabetics were included and frequency of diabetic retinopathy was measured. Individuals ranging from 20 – 80 years age were included. Ophthalmic plus systemic relevant history from every patient was taken in detail. Standard Snellen’s chart was used to check the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Slit lamp examination was done along with fundoscopy with +90D and +70D lens after dilatation with Tropicamide 1%. All patients were examined for diabetic retinopathy. Along with it, stage of diabetic retinopathy, association of diabetic retinopathy with hypertension, age and duration of diabetes was also taken into consideration. Results: The frequency of diabetic retinopathy amongst 220 patients was found to be 15.9% while 6.6 % of them were also having associated maculopathy. The stages of diabetic retinopathy were found to be 10.4% background diabetic retinopathy(BDR), 0.9% preproliferative diabetic retinopathy(PPDR), 3.4% proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR) and 1.1% advance diabetic eye disease(ADED). Overall, 58.5% of the patients also had hypertension along with it. Conclusion: Nationwide studies are needed to be conducted to prevent this complication from progressing while the incidence of diabetic retinopathy is increasing very alarmingly among the society.
Frequency of Hyperuricemia in the patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction.
Authors: Memon Samreen Zafar , Memon Shahid Hussain , Kazi Shazia , Arain Zain Islam , Memon Abdul Ghaffar , Hashmi Syed Fasih Ahmed
Published: February 2020

Objectives: This study aims to scientifically fill the gap and provide the scientific data regarding frequency of hyperuricemia in the patients with acute myocardial Infarction admitted at Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Hyderabad. Study Design: Prospective descriptive case series. Setting: Department of Cardiology, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Hyderabad. Period: From 7th Feb 2016 to 6th August 2018. Material and Methods: Was conducted on either gender having age ≥35 to ≤70 years presented with ST elevation myocardial infarction was included in the study. ECG and laboratory investigations were carried out. Relevant investigation like serum uric acid was sent to laboratory. Final outcome was assessed at the end of 5th day, hyperuricemia was labeled if serum uric acid levels above 6.5 mg/dl. All the information was noted in proforma and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: There were 95 male and 50 female patients. The mean age was 49.57 ± 8.53 years, with range 35 (35 - 70) years. The age of 49 (33.8%) patients was ≤45 years and age of 96 (66.2%) patients was >45 years. 17.9% patients were obese and 50.3% patients were hypertensive. The hyperuricemia was present in 27 (18.6%) patients.  Among patients who were found with hyperuricemia, the mean age was 49.41 ± 8.34 years. The results showed that significant association of hyperuricemia was observed with obesity.  No significant association of hyperuricemia was observed with gender, age, and hypertension. Conclusion: Based on the findings of our study, raised serum uric acid levels are associated with adverse cardiovascular outcome. The prevalence of hyperuricemia is high in a population of patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Prevalence and risk factors of Fungal Nasal Polyposis in Tertiary Care Hospital.
Authors: Musani Ayub , Sajjad Qaisar , Ahmed Khan Faheem , Jawaid Itrat , Iqbal Hina , Hameed Aqeel-ur-Rehman
Published: February 2020

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of fungal rhinosinusitis in nasal polyps’ patients and to determine the risk factors of fungal rhino sinusitis. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Out patients and in patients department of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital and Karachi Medical and Dental College. Period: October 2014 to April 2017. Total duration of study was two and a half years. Material & Methods: In this study 221 cases were included who diagnosed nasal polyposis on clinical ground. Both sexes were included in this study. After informed consent complete history were taken and noted in pre designed Performa. Complete ENT and physical examination was done. Relevant investigations were advised as per requirement. Results: Total numbers of patients selected for this study were 221. The overall prevalence of fungal rhino-sinusitis was found in 90 patients (40.70%). Mostly patients belong to poor socio-economical status i.e. 59 (65.55%) followed by middle class 18 (20%) patients. Mean age was 30.16 +/_ 12.33. Male were 55 (61%) and female were 35 (38.8%) with male female ratio was 1:1.57. In risk factors, 36 (40%) patients were farmers while history of allergy was found in 35 patients (38.88%). Conclusions: Patients with nasal polyps should be properly evaluated for the early treatment of fungal rhino-sinusitis and also remove the risk factors to prevent the recurrence and unnecessary complications.
Correlation of renal function tests with early onset neonatal sepsis.
Authors: Iqtidar Amna , Ali Imran , Naseer Aamer , Aamer Fouzia , Namoos Kiran , Sajid Haleema
Published: February 2020

Early onset neonatal sepsis is invariably very common and serious problem worldwide, especially it is one of the important etiological factor for deaths of neonates in Pakistan. Acute renal failure is frequently seen in neonates with sepsis. Objectives: The aim of present study was to determine the correlation of renal function tests (Blood Urea and creatinine) with early onset neonatal sepsis. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Paediatric Medicine Sir Ganga Ram hospital, Lahore. Period: Six months from 20th March to 20th September 2018. Material & Methods: Total 300 cases of neonatal sepsis with acute renal failure were included in this study after taking informed consent from the parents. Cases selection was done with help of a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Daily blood urea and serum creatinine were calculated from birth to first 7 days of life. If any of blood urea or serum creatinine was deranged, the neonate was labelled as having acute renal failure. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS software version 21. Results: Mean age of all cases was 2.82±1.56 days. The minimum and maximum age limits of the neonates were 1 and 7 days respectively. Gender distribution of neonate showed that 57% of the neonates were male and 43% were females. At the 2nd day of life, mean serum creatinine level was 1.12±0.39, at 3rd day 1.19±0.51, at 4th day 1.41±0.38, at 5th day 1.33±0.39, at 6th day 1.19±0.39, and at 7th day mean serum creatinine level was 1.09±0.31 respectively. At 2nd day of birth mean blood urea was 54.82±34.77, at 3rd day59.50±28.22 at 4th day 74.94±30.37, at 5th day 67.09±26.94, at 6th day 56.09±25.76, at 7th day mean blood urea level was 47.66±22.47 respectively. Frequency of acute renal failure was observed in 28.3% of the neonates while the remaining 71.7% of neonates did not suffer from acute renal failure. Conclusion: Early onset neonatal sepsis contributes significantly to development of acute renal failure in neonates.
Low birth weight at term and maternal contributing factors in community based hospital Korangi, Karachi.
Authors: Pario Saba , Qamar Haniyah , Mustafa Rozina
Published: February 2020

Low birth weight is a key determinant of infant survival, health and development. Low birth weight infants are at a greater risk of morbidity and mortality than an infant of normal birth weight and create a substantial strain on the healthcare system. Objectives: To determine the frequency of low birth weight at term and maternal contributing risk factors in women attending antenatal clinic at Creek General Hospital Korangi, Karachi. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Creek General Hospital, United Medical and Dental College Karachi. Period: From May 2017 to April 2018. Material & Methods: Those women who gave birth to babies with less than 2500gm at term, were included in the study to ascertain the frequency and risk factors of low birth weight including age, parity, booking status for antenatal care, pre-pregnancy BMI, history of tobacco intake, medical disorders arising in pregnancy like anemia, pregnancy induced hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus, birth weight and fetal gender. The data was analyzed on SPSS software. Results: The prevalence of term low birth weight was 22%. Percentage of low birth weight babies among teenage mothers was 72.8%, among the studied mothers 67.4% were primipara, 91.5% had standard antenatal care, Pre-pregnancy BMI was found to be normal in 93% of mothers, 9 mothers (7%) had history of tobacco/ betel nut chewing habit. In this study, iron deficiency anemia was found to be most significant factor leading to LBW babies (62 %). 12% and 8% of mothers were diagnosed with Pregnancy induced Hypertension and Gestational Diabetes mellitus respectively. Regarding fetal gender, 68 were females (52.7%) and 61 (47.3%) were males. Conclusion: Low Birth Weight is an important contributing risk factor for perinatal mortality and morbidity in Pakistan. Anemia was found to be most significant risk factor leading to Low birth weight in our study.
Multidrug-resistant urinary tract isolates of escherichia coli: Frequency and patient demographics in a Tertiary Care Hospital.
Authors: Azhar Salman , Baig Muhmmad Wasif , Rasool Shahid , Khan Rizwan Rasool , Munir Talha , Fatima Umber , Ahsan Muhammad
Published: February 2020

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major burden to the health care as it is estimated that around 150 million UTIs occur yearly worldwide. Enterobacteriaceae are the most common agent causing serious urinary tract infections; and MDR cases are increasing day by day. Objectives: To determine the frequency and patient demographics of multidrug resistant urinary tract isolates of Escherichia Coli in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Study Design: Retrospective cross sectional study. Setting: Medicine Department of Madinah Teaching Hospital / The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad. Period: From May 2016 to Sep 2018. Material & Methods: 187 patients of age 15 to 90 years with positive E. coli on urine culture and sensitivity were included in this Retrospective cross sectional study. All those patients with history of dysuria (pain during urination) or frequent urination (more than 7 times per day) were advised urine complete analysis and those with >5 WBCs or pus cells /HPF or having positive for leukocyte esterase and/or nitrite, were advised urine culture and sensitivity. Main outcome variable was the frequency of MDRE cases among the culture positive E. coli UTI patients. Results: Among all the cases of E. coli UTI, frequency of MDRE UTI was 66.8% (n=125) and rest 33.2% (n= 62) cases were not MDR UTI. 97.3% patients were resistant to lactam antibiotics, 95.7% were resistant to quinolones and 68.4% were resistant to aminoglycosides.
Disrupted quadriceps tendon post knee arthroplasty: A case series.
Authors: Maqsood Muhammad Zaigham , Maqsood Muhammad Arqam , Maqsood Muhammad Haisum
Published: February 2020

QTR (Quadriceps Tendon Rupture) occurs rarely after TKA (Total Knee Arthroplasty) but is a severe complication which has an association with morbidity and adverse outcomes. Rare literary evidence is available which deals with the complications. Delayed management may cause adverse outcomes so the focus is on the timely management of the disease; although, the diagnosis process is full of challenges because we expect weaker quadriceps after TKA as the surgical intervention violates quadriceps muscle. In case of postoperative trauma with the outcomes of weaker extensor weakness, a USG assessment is necessary to reduce the chances of prompt QTR performance after exclusion of the fracture. We have shared our experience about the treatment of four cases of QTR in the early postoperative time with focused efforts on prevention. We can reduce the chances of rupture with meticulous surgical approaches in the course of medial parapatellar method in order to preserve quadriceps integrity.
Role of simvastatin and allium sativum on lipid profile in diabetic dyslipidemic patients: a comparative study.
Authors: Siddiqui Naveed Ali , Taj Fatima Bint , Ishaque Imran , Shahid Ayesha , Ayaz Ayesha
Published: February 2020

Objectives: To evaluate the changes in lipid profile in patients with diabetic dyslipidemia using lipid lowering drug, simvastatin and herbal product allium sativum. Study Design: Clinical trial. Setting: Surgeon Munawar Memorial Hospital, Karachi. Period: 1st January 2017 to 30th April 2017. Material & Methods: The study was designed to assess the effects of hmg-coa reductase inhibitor (simvastatin) and allium sativum on lipid profile in patients with diabetic dysplipidemia. The exclusion criteria included lactating/pregnant women’s, renal, liver and established coronary artery disease. Results: Sixty patients with abnormal lipid profile were included in the study (age 30-60 years). Patients were divided into two groups (30 patients each). Group a was orally administered with product of simvastatin (20 mg)/day for 04 months and in group b, patients were orally administered with herbal product of allium sativum (300 mg)/day for 04 months. Conclusion: On the basis of this study it is observed that allium sativum as well as simvastatin tablets both reduce total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c) and increase high density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c).
Health knowledge and attitude practices in Pakistani Hajj Pilgrims.
Authors: Hassan Khan Muhammad Imran , Ahmad Kashif Aziz , Shakeel Salman , Qasim Muhammad
Published: February 2020

Background: Pakistan has one of the highest number of Hajj pilgrims among all Islamic countries. Health of pilgrims play an important role in performing rituals of Hajj. It depends on their knowledge and attitude about health. Aims: In this study, we aimed to determine the Knowledge and Attitude about health in Pakistani Hajj pilgrims. Study Design: Questionnaire based prospective cross-sectional study. Setting: Lahore General Hospital, Pakistan. Period: June to August 2018. Material & Methods: 150 Pakistani Hajj pilgrims were randomly selected. Data was collected using a questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of demographic information (sex, age, previous chronic ailment), health knowledge (4 questions) and health attitude (12 questions). Results: There were more males (71.3%) than females (28.7%). Most participants were between 31 to 50 years (48.7%), above 50 (30 %), 20% below 30 years and only 1.3% above 70 years. Majority (62.7%) had no previous illness, 8.7 % had diabetes, 11.3% Hypertension, 1.3% cirrhotic, and 16% had more than one co-morbidity. Level of knowledge was best in hand hygiene (100%) and vaccination (86.7%), but least in heat stroke 32.7% and chronic ailment 30.7%. Regarding attitude, 64% had positive attitude for wearing mask, 20.7% knew 5 movements, 77.3% food handling, 84% using one time razor for shaving, 25.3% features of heat stroke, 19.3% knew management of heat stroke, 97.3% knew about wearing light colored clothes, 30.7% for maintaining medicine of previous illness, 78% followed same diet precaution, 9.3% aware on carrying medicine, 4% on wearing medic alert bracelet. 86.7% had positive attitude for polio vaccine, 83.3% for influenza vaccine, 84.7% for meningitis vaccine and 82.7% for pneumonia vaccine. Conclusions: Educational strategy is required to improve knowledge and attitude on heat stroke and chronic ailment management.
Risk factors and complications of Musculoskeletal Neck Pain among children and adolescents.
Authors: Ahmad Mehmood , Ahmad Umair , Rehman Fazal Ur , Khalid Zubair , Ahmad Saba
Published: February 2020

Objectives: Neck pain is a frequent spinal pain problem and considered an important health issue in the modern world. Neck pain may originate from intervertebrals discs, ligaments, muscles or of the structures involving the neck. The aim of this study was to find out characteristics along with social and psychological implications of musculoskeletal neck pain amongst children aged 8 to 18 years. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Orthopedic Department of Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Period: From March 2017 to February 2018. Material & Methods: A total of 260 children and adolescents of both genders, aged 8 to 18 years and having musculoskeletal neck pain with spasm were enrolled in this study. A structured questionnaire was interviewed from participants or parents/guardians of this study. Results: Out of a total of 260 cases, there were 125 (48.1%) were boys and 135 (51.9%) girls. Most cases, 158 (60.8%) were between the age of 12 to 18 years while mean age amongst study participants was 14.58+2.63 years. Most of the children, 98 (37.7%) were studying in high school. All 260 cases had flawed flexion of back and neck during study and while using mobile phones or similar devices. Pain location involving neck was recorded in all 260 (100%) study participants while shoulder pain was demonstrated by 188 (72.3%). Most common eye symptoms were eye strain, in 64 (24.6%). Most of the cases, 180 (69.2%) were having irritability while poor communication was noted in 164 (63.1%). Conclusion: Musculoskeletal neck pain is frequent amongst children and adolescents. Hunching the head, neck and shoulders on mobile phones and similar devices, as well as improper posture during studying and watching television increase stress on cervical spine area, may be leading to musculoskeletal neck pain.