bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of ITGB3, GP1B1, and ITGA2 gene polymorphisms in platelet dysfunction in patients with COVID-19-associated lung damage
Authors: Osikov M. V. , Antonov V. N. , Zotov S. O.
Published: January 2024

The aim of the work. To investigate platelet aggregation, polymorphism in the genes that ensure its implementation, and the association between these indicators in patients with COVID-19-associated lung damage, depending on the severity of the clinical course. Methodology. The study involved 75  patients with COVID-19, which, depending on  the severity of lung involvement, were divided into two groups: patients with  damage of up to 50  % of the lung parenchyma (n  =  48) and with damage of more than 50 % (n = 27) respectively. The control group consisted of healthy people (n = 24), comparable in sex and age. In all individuals, the number of platelets, platelet aggregation induced by ADP, collagen and ristomycin were studied; polymorphisms rs6065 in the GP1BA gene, rs1126643 in the ITGA2 gene, and rs5918 in the ITGB3 gene were determined by polymerase chain reaction. The analysis of the obtained data was executed using the IBM SPSS Statistics v. 23 (IMB Corp., USA). Results and discussion. In patients with moderate and severe COVID-19-associated lung damage, platelet aggregation induced by ADP, collagen, and ristomycin accelerated; in severe cases, the number of  platelets decreased. The frequency of variants of the rs6065 polymorphism did not change, the frequency of occurrence of the T/C genotype of the rs5918 polymorphism increased; with moderate severity, the frequency of occurrence of the C/T and T/T genotypes of the rs1126643 polymorphism increased; with severe lung damage, the frequency of occurrence of the mutant C/C genotype polymorphism rs5918 increased. In moderate lung damage, the presence of the  mutant T/T polymorphism rs1126643 accelerated collagen-induced platelet aggregation; in severe cases, the presence of mutant C/C and heterozygous variant C/T polymorphism rs5918 accelerated ADP-induced platelet aggregation. There was no effect of the rs6065 polymorphism on platelet aggregation. The data obtained indicate the possible role of genetic predisposition in the activation of platelet aggregation in patients with COVID-19-associated lung damage.
Sex and age specificities of the dynamics of anthropometric indicators characterizing obesity (according to a prospective epidemiological research)
Authors: Tsygankova D. P. , Bazdyrev E. D. , Nakhratova O. V. , Tsenter I. M. , Gaziev T. F. , Indukaeva E. V. , Artamonova G. V. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: January 2024

Background. Overweight and obesity significantly increase the risk of premature death and the development of chronic diseases. Many anthropometric indices have been developed to verify obesity, although the best among them still remains undetermined.

The aim. To determine the sex and age specificities of the dynamics of anthropometric indicators characterizing obesity.

Materials and methods. The program was implemented in the period from 2015 to 2020. It provided for the implementation of a sample research. The baseline research included 1,124 women and 476 men. The average age was 54.9 ± 9.75 years and 52.6 ± 10.0 years, respectively. To identify gender specificities, all participants were divided into three age groups: 35–49 years old, 50–59 years old, and 60–70 years old. The observation period was 3 years. To determine the level of visceral fat, the VS-532 fat mass analyzer (Tanita Health Equipment HK Ltd., Hong Kong) was used. Body mass index (BMI), waist-hip index (WV/HV), visceral obesity index (VOI) were also calculated. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the program Statistica 6.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA).

Results. New cases of obesity developed in 30.6 % of the surveyed. There was an increase in the prevalence of obesity according to the criteria of WV (by 8.9 %) and VFL (by  5.4  %) and a  decrease in the number of people who are obese according to WV/HV – by 4.2 %. Of all the indicators, only VOI showed a statistically significant decrease in the mean values over the observed period, while BMI, WV and VFL showed an increase.

Conclusions. It is necessary to apply various criteria for the diagnosis of obesity, since individual indices are not able to fully reflect the gender and age specificities of the distribution of fat in the body
Individual variability of higher mental functions in preschool children with regard to the material prosperity of the family (neuropsychological analysis)
Authors: Nerovnykh M. S.
Published: January 2024

The problem of human individual development requires not just the accumulation and generalization of data, but also clarification, a systematic understanding of the individual variability of higher mental functions in relation to environmental factors and taking into account the risks associated with their formation.

The aim: to identify systematic patterns of correlation between individual variability of higher mental functions of preschool children and the material prosperity of their families.

Methods. Traditional neuropsychological tests developed by A.R. Luria and adapted in the neuropsychology laboratory of the Faculty of Psychology at Lomonosov Moscow State University were used. We examined 180 preschool children from families with high, average, and low income.

Results. The greatest individual variability in the period of preschool age in relation to the level of material prosperity of the family, are the functions with a long period of formation, these are functions of block III of the brain, and the functions provided mainly by the left hemispheric parts of the brain. Children from the most affluent families have the highest indices of brain block  III functions (p  <  0.001) and left hemispheric functions (p < 0.001). Preschoolers from low-affluence families had indexes of both front brain function (p < 0.001) and left hemispheric function (p < 0.001) in the zone of negative values.

Conclusion. The empirical results of the study allow us to clarify that the factor of material prosperity of the family, both directly, factor-wise, and indirectly, cumulatively, through the system of proximal factors, can make its selective contribution to the variability of indicators of children’s higher mental functions.
Assessment of consequences of COVID-19 in adolescents by the method of questionnaire
Authors: Cherevikova I. A. , Tkachuk E. A. , Polyakov V. M. , Vasileva N. S. , Prokhorova Zh. V. , Votineva A. S. , Myasishchev N. A.
Published: January 2024

Background. In Russia, of all detected cases of COVID-19, 18 % were in the pediatric population. According to a number of studies, adolescents develop long-term clinical and psychological consequences after an illness. Therefore, at present, the most relevant is a thorough study of the structure and severity of consequences of COVID-19 in adolescents.

The aim of the research was to assess the severity of consequences of COVID-19 in adolescents depending on the time period after diseases.

Methods. The sample included 96  people aged 11–16  years: 48  adolescents who  have  undergone COVID-19 (main group); 48  adolescents who  did  not  have  COVID-19 (control group). The main group was divided into six subgroups, depending on the period after COVID-19. The following research methods were used: clinical history using a standardized interview method; “Correction test” method by B.  Bourdon; Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI-1A); Adolescent’s Form of Manifest Anxiety Scale by A.M. Prikhozhan.

Results. Clinical symptoms of COVID-19 during the acute phase of the disease were considered in adolescents. It has been established that the most common symptoms include fever, runny nose, cough, sore throat, severe fatigue, impaired sense of smell, impaired taste, headache (most often localized in the frontal region). Clinical and psychological symptoms characteristic of post-COVID syndrome were considered as consequences of COVID-19 in adolescents. The majority of the  examined adolescents showed the following clinical symptoms of COVID-19 after discharge: asthenia, disturbances of smell and taste; lasting from 2 to  64 weeks. As psychological symptoms, adolescents were characterized by reduced attention span, reduced speed of information processing and concentration, as well as the presence of symptoms of severe depression and high anxiety. During the second month after COVID-19, the most unfavorable emotional state was revealed in adolescents.

Conclusions. The data obtained made it possible to determine that post-COVID syndrome in adolescents is characterized by the presence of an asthenic condition, impaired attention, high anxiety, severe depressive symptoms.
The effect of complex pharmacotherapy regimens using a herbal remedy from Hippophae rhamnoides on biochemical blood parameters of rats with paracetamol hepatitis
Authors: Batueva S. Yu. , Lamazhapova G. P. , Kapustina Yu. A. , Rodnaeva O. A. , Chukaev S. A.
Published: January 2024

Background. The use of complexes of synthetic and herbal remedies as hepatoprotectors in the treatment of liver pathologies of various etiologies is an urgent task of pharmacology. A promising type of medicinal plant raw material is an extract of  Hippophaes rhamnoides leaves. The  hepatoprotective effect of extract of  Hippophaes rhamnoides leaves in combination with ademethionine has not been studied to date.

The aim of the research was to study changes in biochemical markers of hepatic function in the application of complex schemes of pharmacotherapy of experimental liver damage with paracetamol using Extractum foliorum Hippophaes rhamnoides.

Materials and methods. The experimental study was performed on Wistar rats, the  animals were divided into six groups. Group  1 (intact) – animals without a model of liver damage and without treatment; in Group 2 (control) paracetamol was used to create experimental hepatitis without treatment (positive control group); in  Group  3 (comparison) a combination of “silibinin  +  ademethionine” was used on a model of paracetamol hepatitis; in Group 4 (experimental) extract of Hippophaes rhamnoides leaves was used on the model of paracetamol hepatitis; in  Group  5 (experimental) ademethionine was used on a model of paracetamol hepatitis; in Group 6 (experimental) a combination of extract of Hippophaes rhamnoides leaves and ademethionine was used on a model of paracetamol hepatitis. The functional state of the liver of experimental animals was determined by biochemical parameters.

Results. When using a combination of extract of Hippophaes rhamnoides leaves with ademethionine, the studied biochemical parameters significantly (p  <  0.05) differed from the numerical values in the negative control group and were closest to those in the intact group than in other experimental groups.

Conclusions. A comparison of the effectiveness of the use of extract of Hippophaes rhamnoides leaves in combination with ademethionine by the total effect on blood biochemical parameters determines this complex as a promising drug for further research.
Influence of alpha-glutamil-tryptophan on the background and induced activity of factors of adaptive immunity for prevention
Authors: Ruleva A. A. , Krasnov A. A. , Petlenko S. V. , Zaplutanov V. A. , Apryatina V. A.
Published: January 2024

Background. During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and in the season of rising incidence of other respiratory infections, it is relevant to use preventive measures of  non-specific prophylaxis. Synthetic peptides are widely considered as a tool. The representative of this group is the synthetic analogue of thymus regulatory peptides Thymogen, which has been used in Russia for more than 20 years in the treatment of acute and chronic infection diseases.

The aim of the study. To evaluate the effect of Thymogen, a dosed nasal spray, on induced parameters of the immune system during prophylactic use in healthy volunteers.

Materials and methods. Twenty healthy volunteers received Thymogen nasal dosed spray (JSC  “Cytomed”, Russia) at a dose of 25  μg twice a day for 10  days. A  comparative assessment of  immunological parameters was carried out in dynamics: before the start of therapy, on days 6 and 11 of taking the drug and 14 days after the end of the course. Clinical observation was carried out from day 1 to day 11, registration of adverse events – the entire period of the study for 24 days. The first day was considered the day the drug was started.

Results. In the course of the work, according to the data of immunological examination, a statistically significant increase in the virus-induced production of interferon alpha (INF-α) by a culture of peripheral blood cells was revealed. The growth rate was recorded on day  11 of taking Thymogen and persisted for 14  days after  the  end  of  the  course. Significant differences in the dynamics of bactericidal and phagocytic activity of neutrophils, serum α- and γ-interferon were not obtained.

Conclusion. The use of Thymogen spray at a dose of 25 μg for 10 days was safe and contributed to a significant induction of interferon-alpha in response to exposure to a viral pathogen, which allows us to recommend the drug for prophylactic use during the period of rising incidence of acute respiratory diseases.
Flu in children: Clinical, laboratory indicators and cytokine profile parameters
Authors: Kazantseva E. D. , Petrova A. G. , Darenskaya M. A. , Moskaleva E. V. , Rychkova L. V. , Semenova N. V.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Respiratory diseases occupy a leading place in the structure of pathology of childhood. The proportion of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections among all infectious diseases is 90 %. The literature describes gender differences in the immune response to respiratory infections in children, but there is a gap in  the  description of the cytokine profile in  children with influenza depending on gender and age.

The aim. To analyze clinical and laboratory parameters as well as cytokine profile parameters in children with influenza.

Materials and methods. A single-stage descriptive study was conducted with the participation of 50 children from 1 to 11 years of age with a diagnosis of influenza who were on inpatient treatment at the Irkutsk Regional Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital from December 2018 to January 2019. The clinical and laboratory features of the course of influenza in children, the duration of treatment were determined. The concentration of cytokines interleukin (IL)  1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon alpha and gamma (INF-α, INF-γ) in blood plasma was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using diagnostic test systems manufactured by Vector-Best (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation) on the analyzer Multiscan EX (Thermo Electron, Germany).The control group consisted of practically healthy children without signs of acute respiratory viral infection (n = 50; mean age 5.3 ± 2.6 years).

Results. When comparing clinical and laboratory data and cytokine profile parameters in children with influenza, no gender differences were found. There was a statistically significant increase in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, INF-α, as well as CRP, anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 in influenza in all age categories, in contrast to the control group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion. Influenza in children of different sexes proceeds classically without a statistical difference in clinical and laboratory parameters and in the level of cytokines.
Genetic heterogeneity of Rickettsia helvetica population
Authors: Rar V. A. , Igolkina Ya. P. , Yakimenko V. V. , Tikunov A. Yu. , Nikitin A. Ya. , Epikhina T. I. , Tikunova N. V.
Published: January 2024

Background. To date, the genetic variability of Rickettsia helvetica has not been sufficiently studied.

The aim. To study the prevalence and genetic variability of R. helvetica in Ixodes spp. collected in Western Siberia and the Russian Far East.

Materials and methods. Ixodes  spp. collected from rodents in the Omsk province, Western Siberia (n = 280) and collected by flagging on Putyatin and Russky Islands in Primorsky Krai, Russian Far East (n = 482) were analyzed for the presence of Rickettsia spp. All positive samples were genotyped for the gltA gene fragment. For a number of R. helvetica samples, fragments of the 16S rRNA, ompA, ompB, sca4, htrA, and groEL genes and 23S–5S intergenic spacer were additionally sequenced.

Results. Four Rickettsia species (R. helvetica, “Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae”, “Candidatus Rickettsia uralica”, and “Candidatus Rickettsia mendelii”) were found. Of them, R. helvetica was identified in 72.2 % of Ixodes apronophorus and 18.8 % of  Ixodes trianguliceps from the Omsk province and in single Ixodes persulcatus from the Omsk province and Putyatin Island. This is the first finding of Rickettsia spp. in I. apronophorus. All known R. helvetica sequences from this study and the GenBank database belonged to four well supported monopheletic groups forming genetic lineages I–IV. Lineage I included European isolates from Ixodes ricinus, Western Siberian isolates from I. persulcatus, and some sequences from I. apronophorus. All R. helvetica sequences from I. trianguliceps from the Omsk province and I. persulcatus from  the  Komi Republic and one sequence from I.  apronophorus were assigned to  lineage  II. Most sequences from I.  apronophorus formed lineage  III; all known R. helvetica sequences from I. persulcatus from the Far East formed genetic lineage IV.

Conclusion. The genetic heterogeneity of R. helvetica population was first demonstrated. Known isolates of R. helvetica are reliably assigned to four genetic lineages, but not in all cases the association of different lineages with a specific tick species or specific territory was observed.
Ríos de tinta: la prensa y la opinión pública colombiana ante la Guerra Civil Española
Authors: López Cruz Juan Simón
Published: January 2024

Although it began as an internal conflict, the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) soon acquired an unprecedented international dimension. In the cultural field, the development and outcome of the war aroused a growing and constant interest among world public opinion. Colombia was no stranger to this phenomenon and the news coming from Spain occupied the front pages of the main newspapers in the country. This research analyzes some publications on the conflict in Spain that appeared in media such as El Tiempo, El Espectador, El Siglo, La Patria and La Voz de Caldas during the months of July and August 1936. The objective of this research is to investigate the impact of the Spanish Civil War on Colombian public opinion and on the political reality of the country.
Solar power integration in Urban areas: A review of design innovations and efficiency enhancements
Authors: Emmanuel Augustine Etukudoh  , Zamathula Queen Sikhakhane Nwokediegwu  , Aniekan Akpan Umoh  , Kenneth Ifeanyi Ibekwe  , Valentine Ikenna Ilojianya  , Adedayo Adefemi
Published: January 2024

The increasing global emphasis on sustainable energy solutions has fueled a growing interest in integrating solar power systems into urban landscapes. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current state of solar power integration in urban areas, with a focus on design innovations and efficiency enhancements. Urban environments pose unique challenges for solar power implementation, such as limited space, shading, and aesthetic considerations. This review explores a range of design innovations aimed at overcoming these challenges, including the integration of solar panels into building facades, windows, and urban infrastructure. The examination of these advancements provides insights into maximizing energy capture while seamlessly blending solar technologies into the urban fabric. Efficiency enhancements play a pivotal role in the viability of solar power integration. The paper analyzes emerging technologies and methodologies that boost the efficiency of solar energy systems in urban contexts. This includes advancements in photovoltaic cell technologies, energy storage solutions, and intelligent grid integration. The exploration of these efficiency-enhancing strategies sheds light on the potential for increased energy yield and grid reliability in urban solar installations. Moreover, the paper discusses the role of smart city concepts in optimizing solar power integration. The integration of data analytics, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and artificial intelligence is explored as a means to enhance the monitoring, control, and maintenance of urban solar infrastructure. In conclusion, this review provides a nuanced examination of the evolving landscape of solar power integration in urban areas. By exploring design innovations and efficiency enhancements, the paper contributes valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners seeking to promote sustainable energy solutions in the urban environment.
Review of nanotechnology in water treatment: Adoption in the USA and Prospects for Africa
Authors: Michael Ayorinde Dada  , Johnson Sunday Oliha  , Michael Tega Majemite  , Alexander Obaigbena  , Zamathula Queen Sikhakhane Nwokediegwu  , Onyeka Henry Daraojimba
Published: January 2024

This research paper explores the adoption of nanotechnology in water treatment, focusing on the advanced perspective of the United States and the potential prospects across diverse landscapes in Africa. Investigating current trends, challenges, and ethical considerations, the USA is a model for cutting-edge research, robust regulatory frameworks, and innovative applications of nanotechnology. Meanwhile, Africa, grappling with water scarcity, presents an opportunity for leapfrogging with context-specific strategies and international collaboration. Environmental and ethical considerations are paramount, emphasizing the need for responsible practices, equitable distribution of benefits, and global justice. Future trends anticipate innovative nanomaterials, decentralized solutions, and green nanotechnology shaping water treatment practices. The conclusion underscores this journey's dynamic and collaborative nature, advocating for interdisciplinary efforts, international collaboration, and ethical governance to realize a sustainable future with nanotechnology as a critical catalyst for water security.
The Interaction Between the Publishing Strategy of Dabiq Magazine and the Terrorist Actions of ISIS in the Western World
Authors: Çetinkaya Şeref , Darıcılı Ali Burak , Bilen Ömer
Published: January 2024

In recent years, the terrorist organization ISIS has come to the fore with its international terrorist attacks. However, the fact that the ISIS terrorist organization remains on the agenda as much as it is on the agenda, and that it gains new sympathizers and even new terrorist fighters is also related to its propaganda power. Because of it the organization focused on propaganda activities in the visual-written media and tried to use this area professionally. One of the means used for the transmission of propaganda activities in the media is the magazines they publish in different languages. Addressing both a regional and a global audience with magazines published in Turkish, Arabic, Persian and English is also an indication of the ISIS terrorist organization's strategy to be effective in many parts of the world.
In this study, the words that are frequently repeated in Dabiq Magazine, which is published in English by the terrorist organization ISIS for the purpose of propaganda against the Western world, are examined. Among these words, "violent-aggressive-negative" words and "motivational-positive" words were identified for their followers, and an attempt was made to analyze ISIS' action and propaganda strategy based on these words. In addition, the study examined the timing of terrorist attacks perpetrated by ISIS in the West and the periods when the violence-glorifying words used in Dabiq magazine increased, and determined whether there was a correlation between them.
Pengaruh Overtime Dan Insentif Terhadap Produktivitas Pekerja Konstruksi Pada Proyek Pembangunan Rumah Susun Pesisir Barat Lampung
Authors: Tungga Buana Irfana  , Liston Sitorus
Published: January 2024

This study aims to look at work productivity in order to obtain optimal work results, then efforts to improve work productivity first need to know the factors that affect work productivity with Overtime and Intentive variables as independent variables, the effect of overtime implemented within a certain period will affect the productivity of workers and the influence of incentives is one of the tools to encourage and direct the activities of subordinates to achieve company goals.
In this research design using a causal method (cause and effect) and using a quantitative approach. The method used is the multiple linear regression approach using SPSS applications. The results of this study are Over time partially does not have an effect on Productivity, Incentives partially have an influence and significant on Productivity and Over time (X1), and Incentives (X2) together on Productivity (Y).
Kejawen dalam Pandangan Islam
Authors: Imron Ali , Eryana Anggi , Suprapto Rohmat
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The aim of this research is to find out the activities of Javanese culture which is known as kejawen in the village of Demak. People who embrace Islam but do not refuse to preserve the culture of their ancestors. The research methodology used is qualitative by direct observation and interviews with competent informants and documentation. The results of this study were obtained that, starting from the meaning of kejawen in the literal sense, it means Javanese belief. Furthermore, this term refers to everything related to beliefs and customs that develop in Javanese society in particular. From a philosophical point of view, kejawen presents certain teachings whose purpose is to lead people to have good manners, noble values, and an existing divine perspective. With the inclusion of various religious sects in Javanese society over a long period of time, the Kejawen belief experienced acculturation with various other religions. Kejawen Islamic culture is still thick with things that contain shirk, which in Islam itself strictly prohibits this which is explained in the Koran and hadith.
Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas kedudayaan jawa yang disebut dengan istilah kejawen di Desa wilayah Demak. Masyarakat yang memeluk agama islam namun tidak menolak melestarikan kebudayaan para leluhur. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan melakukan observasi secara langsung dan wawancara kepada para narasumber yang berkompeten serta melakukan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa, diawali dari makna kejawen dalam arti harfiah bermakna kepercayaan Jawa. Lebih lanjut, istilah ini merujuk pada segala hal yang memiliki hubungan dengan kepercayaan maupun adat-istiadat yang berkembang di masyarakat Jawa khususnya. Dari segi filsafat, kejawen menghadirkan ajaran-ajaran tertentu yang tujuannya menggiring manusia untuk memiliki tata krama, nilai-nilai luhur, serta cara pandang ketuhanan yang berada. Dengan masuknya berbagai aliran keagamaan di masyarakat Jawa dalam rentang periode yang lama, kepercayaan kejawen mengalami akulturasi dengan berbagai agama lain. Kebudayaan islam kejawen masih kental dengan hal-hal mengandung syirik, yang mana di islam sendiri sangat melarang hal tersebut yang mana di jelaskan dalam al’quran dan hadis.
Etymology and semantics of the color term ‘red’ (красный, 红) in Russian and Chinese
Authors: Lyulina Anastasiya Gennadievna , Wang Xuejiao
Published: January 2024

The study aims to identify the features of the etymology and semantics of the color term ‘red’ (красный, 红 hóng) in Russian and Chinese to determine the similarities and differences in the symbolic content of this notion in the two cultures. The work is novel in that it is the first to analyze and compare phraseological units with the lexeme ‘red’ in the Russian and Chinese languages in the linguocultural aspect and to identify the peculiarities of the use of a number of synonymous words with the meaning of ‘red’ (红 hóng; 赤 chì; 朱 zhū; 丹 dān). A comparative approach involving sources in Chinese not only made it possible to clarify the etymology of the notion under study, but also to deepen the understanding of commonalities and differences in the cognitive perception of this color term. As a result, the main semantic groups of the lexeme ‘red’ are identified according to the principle of their earliest appearance and spheres of use; examples of the use of these color terms in phraseological units in direct and figurative meanings are given; semantically similar color terms (红; 赤; 朱; 丹) are compared; in addition, the symbolism of red in Russian and Chinese cultures is also shown.
Representation of female identity in German neoparemias with a gender marker
Authors: Vlavatskaya Marina Vitalyevna , Osolodchenko Marina Nikolaevna
Published: January 2024

The aim of the research is to identify the combinatorial-semantic and cognitive-dynamic specificity of the reflection of female identity in neoparemias (anti-proverbs) in German with a feminine and a combined (feminine and masculine) gender marker. The scientific novelty of the research lies in applying a specially developed algorithm for linguistic analysis of neoparemias, which takes into account several aspects of studying these units and is aimed at attaining the stated aim. As a result, it was found that the principle of linguistic combinatorics serves as the basis for the formation of German neoparemias about female individuality, which includes such mechanisms of transformation of well-known paroemias as explication, substitution, contamination, combination, as well as well-known paremic models. The gender-systemic aspect of the study of neoparemias consists in identifying gender indicators, i.e., lexical, grammatical and other linguistic means indicating female gender. The method of semantic and cognitive analysis helps us to determine the meanings embedded in new paremiological units by native German speakers. The cognitive-dynamic aspect of the study is aimed at identifying non-traditional attitudes about the criteria of female identity and correlations caused by the new realities of the modern anthropocentric paradigm.
Height inheritance in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) hybrids with D 2 and D 3 hybrid dwarfing genes
Authors: Akhmedov M. A. , Lyapunova O. A.
Published: January 2024

Background. Durum wheat (BBAuAu, 2n=28) carries the D2 and D3 hybrid dwarfing genes. A study of the nature of D genes and a research of their influence on the adaptive and selectively valuable traits of hybrid plants with hybrid dwarfing genes is of theoretical and practical interest. It was previously established that the dominant alleles of the D2 and D3 genes significantly reduce the height of durum wheat hybrid plants and positively affect the kernel size and vitreousness. The purpose of the present work was to study the inheritance of height in hybrids obtained by crossing a semi-dwarf durum winter wheat cultivar with lines carrying hybrid dwarfing genes. Material and methods. The material of the study was four lines of durum wheat: L-961, L-962, L-963 and L-964 carrying hybrid dwarfing genes D2 and D3, a cultivar of semi-dwarf winter durum wheat ‘Krupinka’ (k-64725) with the rht1 gene, and hybrids of these lines with this cultivar. ‘Krupinka’ was used as the female parent in hybridization by controlled pollination. The degree of dominance was determined according to Beil and Atkins. Statistics were performed using the Pearson’s -x2 test. Results and conclusions. The analysis of plant lines of durum wheat with the D2 and D3 hybrid dwarfing genes showed that the average height of the ‘Krupinka’ × L-962 and ‘Krupinka’ × L-963 hybrids was 30 cm lower compared to the tall parent, the degree of dominance was 0.9 and 1.9 respectively. In hybrids with lines L-961 and L-964, there was no dominance of short stature. The height variability in F2 hybrids was continuous and prevented combining them into any phenotypic classes. The F3 families of ‘Krupinka’ × L-962 and ‘Krupinka’ × L 963 hybrids segregated by height into three phenotypic classes. The actual ratio of phenotypic classes did not contradict the theoretical one of 10:3:3. The obtained numerical ratios of F3 families are generally similar to those found in the literature. A distinctive feature is the absence of recessive alleles in D genes. It is assumed that the latter are regulators of phytohormone gene depression and do not have recessive alleles. It will be more correct to designate the observed phenotypic classes as D2D2 i and D3D3 i, where D2 i и D3 i denote homologues of chromosomes with a different number of multigenes. Conclusion. The study of height inheritance in the obtained hybrids indicated the presence of dominant D2 and D3 genes in the L-962 and L-963 lines and of the semi-dominant D3 gene in the L-961 line. A distinctive feature of height inheritance in durum wheat lines with the D2 and D3 hybrid dwarfing genes is the absence of recessive alleles in the D genes, i.e. no dominance of short stature
Pewarisan Tradisional dalam Masyarakat Muslim: Analisis Hukum Adat Suku Tengger dari Perspektif Islam
Authors: Widiatmoko Kukuh , Bilalu Naskur , Lamaluta Fani
Published: January 2024

This study details the inheritance system prevalent in the Muslim community of the Tengger tribe while conducting a thorough analysis of customary law from the perspective of Islam. Using a qualitative descriptive design approach, this research summarizes a series of observations and interviews conducted directly by the researcher. The main findings assert that the inheritance process in the Tengger tribe does not adhere to Islamic law principles but is instead based on local customary legal rules. Within the framework of Tengger customary law, the role of parents is central in regulating the distribution of wealth, the amount of inheritance, and gifts to heirs. This indicates that traditional values substantially influence the regulation of inheritance in this community, demonstrating the complexity of social structures and the sustainability of traditions in the context of their adherence to Islam in general. This analysis opens up a deeper understanding of the dynamics between customary law and Islamic teachings in the specific context of the Tengger tribe, emphasizing their relevance in understanding inheritance and property rights within the community.Keywords: Customary Inheritance; Tengger Muslims; Islamic Law.  ABSTRAK Kajian ini merinci sistem pewarisan yang berlaku di masyarakat Muslim suku Tengger, sambil menjalankan analisis mendalam terhadap hukum adat yang terperinci dari perspektif Islam. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan desain deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini merangkum serangkaian observasi dan wawancara yang dilakukan secara langsung oleh peneliti. Temuan utama menegaskan bahwa proses pewarisan di suku Tengger tidak mengacu pada prinsip-prinsip hukum Islam, tetapi justru berdasarkan aturan hukum adat setempat yang kental. Dalam kerangka hukum adat Tengger, peran orang tua memegang peranan sentral dalam pengaturan pembagian harta, besaran bagian, dan pemberian kepada para ahli waris. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa nilai-nilai tradisional secara substansial mempengaruhi regulasi pewarisan harta di lingkungan masyarakat ini, menunjukkan kompleksitas struktur sosial dan keberlanjutan tradisi dalam konteks agama Islam yang mereka anut secara umum. Analisis ini membuka ruang pemahaman yang lebih mendalam terkait dinamika hubungan antara hukum adat dan ajaran Islam dalam konteks spesifik suku Tengger, menggarisbawahi relevansinya dalam pemahaman tentang pewarisan harta dan hak-hak waris di dalam komunitas tersebut.
Tradisi Perjodohan pada Masyarakat Bugis di Kecamatan Ladongi: Deskripsi, Dampak, dan Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Rasak Abdul
Published: January 2024

This research examines the tradition of arranged marriages in the Bugis community in the Ladongi Subdistrict, East Kolaka Regency, focusing on description, impact, and analysis from the perspective of Islamic law. The study employs an empirical legal or socio-legal research approach with a descriptive-qualitative method. Through direct observation and interviews on the practice of arranged marriages and the application of Islamic law, the research findings indicate that the tradition of arranged marriages still exists due to specific factors and motives. The matchmaking process involves procedural stages that consider parents' choices as the best for their children. Positive outcomes occur when the selected partners meet the criteria set by parents and are accepted willingly by the children. However, negative impacts arise when children are unwilling to accept the chosen partner, feel afraid to express their disagreement, or when parents force the marriage. From the perspective of Islamic law, arranged marriages are considered permissible (mubah), and parents do not have the right to force their children into marriage. The research suggests that the tradition of arranged marriages can be carried out with the willingness and sincerity of the children, avoiding coercion that contradicts Islamic principles.Keywords: Arranged Marriages Tradition; Bugis Tribe; Islamic Law.ABSTRAK Penelitian ini mengkaji tradisi perjodohan pada masyarakat Bugis di Kecamatan Ladongi, Kabupaten Kolaka Timur, dengan fokus pada deskripsi, dampak, dan analisis dari perspektif hukum Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian hukum empiris atau socio-legal research dengan metode deskriptif-kualitatif. Melalui observasi langsung dan wawancara terhadap praktik tradisi perjodohan dan penerapan hukum Islam, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tradisi perjodohan masih eksis karena faktor dan motif tertentu. Proses perjodohan melibatkan tahapan prosedur yang mempertimbangkan pilihan orang tua sebagai yang terbaik bagi anak. Hasil positif terjadi saat pasangan yang dipilih memenuhi kriteria baik orang tua dan diterima tanpa paksaan oleh anak. Namun, dampak negatif muncul ketika anak enggan menerima pasangan yang dipilihkan, merasa takut untuk mengekspresikan ketidaksetujuannya, atau saat orang tua memaksa pernikahan. Dari perspektif hukum Islam, perjodohan dianggap mubah dan orang tua tidak berhak memaksa anak untuk menikah. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bahwa tradisi perjodohan dapat dilakukan dengan kerelaan dan keikhlasan dari anak, menghindari paksaan yang bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip Islam.
Perspektif Hukum Islam terhadap Adat Istiadat Mogama’ di Kelurahan Mogolaing: Perbedaan Nilai dengan Ajaran Islam
Authors: Suleman Frangky , Soleman Moh. Rafiq , Ontowirjo Nurul Izzah Assyifa
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the Islamic perspective on implementing the Mogama’ customary practices in Mogolaing Village, West Kotamobagu. A qualitative method was employed, conducting field research in Mogolaing Village, gathering data through observation, interviews, and documentation, which were analyzed based on information from the village head, customary leaders, religious figures, and community leaders. The research findings reveal differences in values between the Islamic interpretation and the practice of Mogama’ and Islamic law. Islamic teachings, such as respect for women, friendship, cooperation, blessings through congregational prayers, good treatment of women, and the development of strong familial ties, are not aligned with the values in Mogama’s practices. Some scholars discuss 'urf related to customs and traditions, utilizing 'urf and customs/practices appropriate to their context for adaptation. However, the traditional marriage procession of Bolaang Mongondow is considered in line with Islamic teachings as "Urf Saḥīh" because it does not contradict them. The research concludes that there are differences in values between Islamic teachings and Mogama’ practices. At the same time, some scholars use 'urf and customs/practices in their appropriate contexts for adaptation, and the traditional Bolaang Mongondow marriage is considered in accordance with Islamic teachings as 'Urf Saḥīh. Keywords: Mogama’; Sanctions; Islamic Law. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perspektif Islam terhadap penerapan adat istiadat Mogama’ di Kelurahan Mogolaing, Kotamobagu Barat. Metode kualitatif digunakan dengan penelitian lapangan di Kelurahan Mogolaing, mengumpulkan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi yang dianalisis berdasarkan informasi dari kepala Kelurahan, tokoh adat, tokoh agama, dan tokoh masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan nilai antara penafsiran Islam terhadap praktik Mogama’ dan hukum Islam. Prinsip-prinsip ajaran Islam, seperti penghormatan terhadap perempuan, persahabatan, gotong royong, keberkahan melalui shalat berjamaah, perlakuan baik terhadap perempuan, dan pembangunan tali kekeluargaan erat, tidak selaras dengan nilai-nilai dalam praktik Mogama’. Beberapa ulama membahas ‘urf yang terkait dengan adat istiadat dan kebiasaan, menggunakan ‘urf serta adat/kebiasaan yang sesuai dengan konteksnya untuk menyesuaikan diri. Meskipun demikian, prosesi pernikahan adat Bolaang Mongondow dianggap sesuai dengan ajaran Islam sebagai "Urf Saḥīh" karena tidak bertentangan. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan nilai antara ajaran Islam dan praktik Mogama’, sementara beberapa ulama menggunakan ‘urf dan adat/kebiasaan sesuai konteksnya untuk menyesuaikan diri, sementara pernikahan adat Bolaang Mongondow dianggap sesuai dengan ajaran Islam sebagai ‘Urf Saḥīh.
ORAL HISTORY: AN ALTERNATIVE OF ISLAMIC HISTORIOGRAPHY IN BOLAANG MONGONDOW
Authors: Mashud Imam
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Today's Islamic historiography in Bolaang Mongondow, North Sulawesi, has not been thoroughly investigated in order to show the existence of Islamic history in Bolaang Mongondow. The lack of written sources in developing Islamic historiography is one of the challenges recognized by Islamic historiography. The majority of Islamic historiography in Bolaang Mongondow continues to employ colonial material as a primary basis to construct how Islamic history is told. Nevertheless, the legitimacy of colonial data/historiography must still be questioned. Furthermore, the reconstruction of Islamic Historiography in Bolaang Mongondow can be described as unmoved, with the historical narrative limited to discussions based solely on written sources. Oral history is offered as an alternative to exploring Islamic history through interviews. As a consequence, Islamic historiography, particularly in the Bolaang Mongondow region, will present an innovative interpretation of Indonesian-centric Islamic historiography by emphasizing the roles of ordinary citizens rather than notable figures in its historical story. Key Words : Historical Approach, Oral Method, Decolonization Abstrak: Historiografi Islam di Bolaang Mongondow Sulawesi Utara saat ini masih belum massive digali untuk menampilkan jejak Sejarah Islam di Bolaang Mongondow. Salah satu permasalahan Historiografi Islam yang dihadapi adalah kurangnya sumber-sumber tertulis dalam Menyusun historiografi Islam tersebut. Sebagian besar historiografi Islam di Bolaang Mongondow masih bergantung data kolonial sebagai sumber primer untuk menyusun bagaimana Sejarah Islam di narasikan. Padahal data/historiografi kolonial masih perlu dikritisi dan pertanyakan kembali keabsahannya. Akhirnya rekonstruksi Historiografi Islam di Bolaang Mongondow bisa dikatakan stagnan dengan narasi Sejarah yang terbatas pada pembahasan-pembahasan yang memiliki data tertulis saja. Sejarah lisan hadir sebagai alternative untuk menggali Sejarah Islam dengan metode wawancaranya. Hasilnya Historiografi Islam khusunya di wilayah Bolaang Mongondow akan menampakan wajah baru mengenai Historiografi Islam yang Indonesia sentris dengan menampilkan peran orang biasa daripada peran-peran orang besar dalam narasi sejarahnya.  Kata Kunci : Pendekatan Sejarah, Metode Lisan, Dekolonisasi
Tıp Fakültesi Öğretim Elemanlarının Hirudoterapiye Bakış Açısının Araştırılması
Authors: BİLDEN Alican , ÇAKIR Fatih , KAHRAMAN Merve , CİCEK Muttalip
Published: January 2024

Amaç: Hirudoterapi veya tıbbi sülük kullanımı, tarihten bu yana dünyanın farklı kültürlerinde çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılmış iken, günümüzde özellikle mikro cerrahi ve plastik cerrahi uygulamalarında modern tedaviyi destekleyici bir yöntem olarak tercih edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada; Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nde görevli ve çoğunluğu hekim olan öğretim elemanlarının hirudoterapiye bakış açılarını, bilgi ve farkındalık düzeylerini ortaya koymak ve hekimlerin hirudoterapi uygulamaları ile ilgili bilgi ve farkındalık düzeylerini arttırmak amaçlandı.

Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel tipte olup, 1-31 Temmuz 2023 tarihleri arasında Tıp Faküktesi’nde görevli 178 öğretim elemanının tamamına ulaşılması hedeflendi, ancak sadece 110’nuna (%61,9) ulaşılabildi. Veriler; yüz yüze veya telefon ile görüşme yapılarak ve anket formu kullanılarak toplandı.

Bulgular: Öğretim elemanlarının 65’i (%59,1) erkek, 45’i (%40,9) ise kadındı. Katılımcıların 62’si (%56,4) dahili bilimler, 17’is (%15,5) cerrahi bilimler ve 31’i (%28,1) temel bilimlerde olup, 90’ı (%81,8) doktor öğretim üyesi (Dr. Öğr. Üyesi) veya araştırma görevlisi, 20’si (%18,2) ise profesör veya doçent idi. Katılımcıların 79’unu (%71,8) tıp fakültesi mezunu öğretim elemanları oluşturmaktaydı. Ek olarak, katılımcıların 21’i (%19,1) hayatında hiç sülük görmemiş, 15’i (%13,6) ise “Hirudoterapi” kelimesini hiç duymamışken, 48’i (%43,6) sülüklerden korkmakta veya tiksinmekteydi .

Sonuç: Bu araştırma anketine katılan profesör, doçent, doktor öğretim üyesi ve araştırma görevlilerinin büyük çoğunluğunun hirudoterapinin ne olduğu, hangi hastalara uygulandığı ve/veya uygulanmadığı ile ilgili bilgi ve farkındalık düzeylerinin oldukça düşük olduğu, bu sebeple hirudoterapiye güvenmedikleri istatistiksel olarak tespit edildi. Hirudoterapi ile ilgili daha fazla bilimsel çalışmaların yapılması ve tıp eğitim müfretadına bu tedavi yönteminin dahil edilmesi hekimlerin farkındalık düzeylerini artıracaktır.