bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EIGER. III. JWST/NIRCam Observations of the Ultraluminous High-redshift Quasar J0100+2802
Authors: Eilers Anna-Christina , Simcoe Robert A. , Yue Minghao , Mackenzie Ruari , Matthee Jorryt , Ďurovčíková Dominika , Kashino Daichi , Bordoloi Rongmon , Lilly Simon J.
Published: June 2023

We present the first rest-frame optical spectrum of a high-redshift quasar observed with JWST/NIRCam in Wide Field Slitless mode. The observed quasar, J0100+2802, is the most luminous quasar known at z > 6. We measure the mass of the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) by means of the rest-frame optical H β emission line, and find consistent mass measurements of the quasar’s SMBH of M
• ≈ 1010
M
☉ when compared to the estimates based on the properties of rest-frame UV emission lines C iv and Mg ii, which are accessible from ground-based observatories. To this end, we also present a newly reduced rest-frame UV spectrum of the quasar observed with X-Shooter/Very Large Telescope (VLT) and FIRE/Magellan for a total of 16.8 hr. We readdress the question whether this ultraluminous quasar could be effected by strong gravitational lensing making use of the diffraction limited NIRCam images in three different wide band filters (F115W, F200W, F356W), which improves the achieved spatial resolution compared to previous images taken with the Hubble Space Telescope by a factor of 2. We do not find any evidence for a foreground deflecting galaxy, nor for multiple images of the quasar, and determine the probability for magnification due to strong gravitational lensing with image separations below the diffraction limit of Δθ ≲ 0.″05 to be ≲2.2 × 10−3. Our observations therefore confirm that this quasar hosts a 10 billion solar mass black hole less than 1 Gyr after the Big Bang, which is challenging to explain with current black hole formation models.
An updated list of the Mexican herpetofauna: with a summary of historical and contemporary studies
Authors: Ramírez-Bautista Aurelio , Torres-Hernández Lizzeth A. , Cruz-Elizalde Raciel , Berriozabal-Islas Christian , Hernández-Salinas Uriel , Wilson Larry David , Johnson Jerry D. , Porras Louis W. , Balderas-Valdivia Carlos Jesús , González-Hernández Adriana J. X. , Mata-Silva Vicente
Published: June 2023

The growth in our knowledge of the diversity of the herpetofauna of Mexico has occurred over the period of approximately 445 years from the work of Francisco Hernández to that of a broad multinational array of present-day herpetologists. The work of this huge group of people has established Mexico as one of the most significant centers of herpetofaunal biodiversity in the world. This status is the result of a complex orography, in addition to diverse habitats and environments and the biogeographic history of Mexico. The current herpetofauna consists of 1,421 native and introduced species, allocated to 220 genera, and 61 families. This figure is comprised of 1,405 native species and 16 non-native species (as of April 2023). The non-native species include two anurans, 13 squamates, and one turtle. The level of endemism is very high, presently lying at 63%, with this level expected to increase with time. Species richness varies among the 32 federal entities in the country, from a low of 50 in Tlaxcala to a high of 492 in Oaxaca. Amphibian species richness by state-level can be envisioned as comprising three levels of low, medium, and high, with the lowest levels occurring in the Peninsula of Baja California, a group of seven states in north-central and central Mexico, and a group of three states in the Yucatan Peninsula, with the highest levels occupying the southern states of Guerrero, Puebla, Veracruz, Oaxaca, and Chiapas, and the medium level in the remaining states of the country. Reptile species richness also can be allocated to three categories, with the lowest level occupying Baja California Sur, a group of central states, and the states of the Yucatan Peninsula, and the highest level found in a cluster of the states of Veracruz, Guerrero, Oaxaca, and Chiapas. Knowledge of the Mexican herpetofauna will continue to grow with additional studies on systematics, conservation, and the construction of checklists at various levels.
Un siècle de rivalités politiques et nationales au prisme de la mode : les relations entre la France et l’Angleterre de 1750 à 1850
Authors: Morelle Hannah
Published: June 2023

Pendant deux siècles, la France et l’Angleterre tentent d’affirmer leur hégémonie sur l’Europe, en s’opposant dans tous les domaines. La mode devient alors un terrain d’expression privilégié de cette rivalité, stimulant et exacerbant la formation d’identités nationales. Entre dérision et emprunts, la critique des modes dépasse le simple divertissement pour devenir un instrument de lutte politique entre deux nations antagonistes.
Paris-Alger ou Paris=Alger ? Un périodique de mode algérien des années 1930 sous le prisme du colonialisme de peuplement
Authors: Desemerie Pierre-Jean
Published: June 2023

Dans cet article, nous analysons le périodique de mode Paris-Alger Magazine, publié à Alger dans les années 1930 comme outil colonial. Nous voyons comment la mode présentée, le discours sur cette mode et sur la femme coloniale la portant, répondent à l’idéologie du colonialisme de peuplement. Néanmoins, si au premier abord le discours du périodique semble promouvoir une supériorité française, et vouloir reproduire telle quelle la culture française/la féminité française dans une colonie, le périodique révèle en fait une identité plus complexe de la femme coloniale en Algérie. La femme coloniale d’Algérie n’est en effet pas tout à fait française mais est devenue algérienne. Le périodique est analysé ici comme outil colonial dans la création de cette nouvelle « race » selon les termes du périodique : la race dite algérienne.
Redorer l'image de la France à la Libération. Le rôle de la haute couture
Authors: Chellé Miléna
Published: June 2023

Cet article se propose d'analyser à travers L'Officiel de la Couture et de la Mode de Paris et L'Art et la Mode , comment, dès la Libération de Paris, la haute couture et ses industries annexes (textile, joaillerie, chaussure, maroquinerie, chapellerie, presse de mode) deviennent pour la France un outil diplomatique au service du rapprochement avec les Alliés, un moyen de restaurer son image sur la scène internationale, de se reconstruire, de défendre sa souveraineté et de réaffirmer la suprématie de sa capitale en matière de mode.
Paris est à nous : expérimenter l’ambiance ordinaire de manière cinétique
Authors: Mrad Fatma
Published: June 2023

Qu’est-ce qui fait la qualité sensible des villes ? Il s’agit, dans cet article, d’explorer les ambiances urbaines de manière cinétique, en considérant leur nature fragile et évanescente qui fait d’elles un phénomène toujours en mouvement. On pourrait penser que ce caractère cinétique des ambiances est accentué et mis en exergue par la mobilité de la caméra qui suit le déroulement des événements, les accompagne et les porte à notre attention en variant les angles de vue. Ce caractère cinétique peut également être accentué par la temporalité diégétique qui nous renvoie à la dimension temporelle des ambiances, composante fondamentale de celles-ci. Dès lors, quelles dimensions sensibles de l’expérience esthétique ordinaire des ambiances de la ville le film révèle-t-il pour nous, en les plaçant, le temps de la projection, à l’avant-plan de notre attention sensible ?
Actes imaginatifs urbains : pratiques artistiques et ambiances en partages
Authors: El Samrani Marc
Published: June 2023

La ville est créatrice d’images qui stimulent un imaginaire collectif. Le passant la découvre au gré de ses sensations, d’une perception qui lui est propre. La ville est pour lui le théâtre de la rencontre entre le profane et le sacré, le privé et le public, l’intime et l’extime, etc., elle permet une structuration de ces rapports et de ces échanges et offre ainsi une multiplicité de scénarios alimentant plusieurs possibilités narratives à l’origine de la fabrique de ces images. Il en devient pertinent, en posant les sociabilités et les spatialités de la ville comme instituantes de ces imaginaires, de se pencher sur les possibilités qu’offre la production artistique en espace public dans la formation de nouveaux récits collectifs. Cet article étudiera deux exemples très distincts de médiations artistiques appliquées à l’espace public pour observer les modifications qu’elles apportent aux ambiances urbaines et voir si elles favorisent l’émergence de véritable spatialité urbaine en ville.
Identité et construction du patrimoine : approche socio-anthropologique et politique de la culture
Authors: Aït Abdelmalek Ali
Published: June 2023

Les réflexions et analyses en matière de « patrimoine » privilégient la plupart du temps les formes, mais aussi les contenus de ce patrimoine, à savoir, les territoires, les sites, les monuments, ou même les reliques, en particulier dans le champ dit « religieux ». Tous ces éléments sont ainsi dotés d’une valeur particulière, et ce, comme si l’histoire, la mémoire, les identités ou les cultures étaient concrétisées et matérialisées, et tendaient à échapper au temps qui passe ! Au-delà de cette perspective qualitative, descriptive – ou plutôt « ethnographique » –, il nous paraît pertinent, dans notre article, de mettre au jour les logiques et enjeux, non seulement de la « production sociale », mais aussi de la valorisation du patrimoine. Ainsi, en précisant le sens des concepts, nous avons abordé, aussi, la question de l’émergence de nouvelles professions, activités sociales et catégories, notamment chargées de la « conservation du patrimoine », par exemple dans le cadre de politiques touristiques.
Digital tools and active leaning in an online university: Improving the academic performance of future teachers
Authors: Mosquera Gende Ingrid
Published: June 2023

Digital tools are part of any online educational context. When it comes to training future teachers, this point is crucial because they will transfer this technology to their classrooms. Additionally, incorporating these digital resources as part of an active learning proposal will contribute to future teachers' motivation, self-regulation, and autonomy and positively influence their academic performance. This piece of research refers to the evaluation of an educational active learning proposal in which a pre-experimental design without a control group was used in order to study the possible relationship between the use of digital tools and the academic performance of the students. A sample of 908 students participated, distributed in three academic years. Results show that those who used more tools as part of the active learning proposals obtained better final marks, as well as a higher grade in the continuous assessment activities, which they also completed in a higher percentage (p<0.001). It can be concluded that the use of digital tools within an active learning proposal contributes to an improvement in the academic performance of future teachers as well as in the participation and engagement of the students.
Transient Light Sensitivity Syndrome (TLSS) Incidence Following Femtosecond LASIK for Myopic and Hyperopic Eyes and Femtosecond SMILE for Myopic Eyes
Authors: Reinstein Dan Z. , Potter Joseph G. , Gupta Ruchi , Yammouni Robert , Archer Timothy J.
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

To evaluate and compare the incidence of transient light sensitivity syndrome (TLSS) after myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), hyperopic LASIK, and myopic small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

Methods:

A retrospective analysis was performed of consecutive LASIK and myopic SMILE cases, performed with the VisuMax femtosecond laser and MEL 80 or MEL 90 excimer laser (both Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) between January 2010 and February 2021 at London Vision Clinic, London, United Kingdom. A chart review was performed to find cases of clinically significant TLSS, identified as patients prescribed anti-inflammatory medications between 2 weeks and 6 months after surgery to manage photophobia. The incidence of TLSS was calculated for three groups: myopic SMILE, myopic LASIK, and hyperopic LASIK. The incidence of TLSS was then calculated for three subgroups within each treatment type based on spherical equivalent refraction treated. For myopic SMILE and myopic LASIK, it was 0.00 to −4.00 diopters (D) (low), −4.01 to −8.00 D (moderate), and −8.01 to −14.00 D (high). For hyperopic LASIK, it was 0.00 to +2.00 D (low), +2.01 to +4.00 D (moderate), and +4.01 to +6.50 D (high).

Results:

The range of treatment for myopia was similar between the LASIK and SMILE groups. The incidence of TLSS was 1.2% for the myopic SMILE group, 5.3% for the myopic LASIK group, and 9.0% for the hyperopic LASIK group. The difference was statistically significant between all groups (
P
< .001). For myopic SMILE, the incidence of TLSS was independent of spherical equivalent refraction for low (1.4%), moderate (1.0%), and high (1.1%) myopia (
P
> .05). Similarly, for hyperopic LASIK, the incidence was similar for low (9.4%), moderate (8.7%), and high (8.7%) hyperopia (
P
> .05). In contrast, for myopic LASIK, the incidence of TLSS was “dose-dependent” on refractive error treated, with an incidence of 4.7% for low, 5.8% for moderate, and 8.1% for high myopia (
P
< .001).

Conclusions:

The incidence of TLSS was higher after myopic LASIK than after myopic SMILE, higher after hyperopic than myopic LASIK, and “dose-dependent” for myopic LASIK but did not vary by correction in myopic SMILE. This is the first report describing the phenomenon of late TLSS occurring between 8 weeks and 6 months after surgery,

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023:39(6):366–373.]
Decay estimates for Schrödinger systems with time-dependent potentials in 2D
Authors: Tang Shuqi , Li Chunhua
Published: June 2023

We consider the Cauchy problem for systems of nonlinear Schrödinger equations with time-dependent potentials in 2D. Under assumptions about mass resonances and potentials, we prove the global existence of the nonlinear Schrödinger systems with small initial data. In particular, by analyzing the operator $ \Delta $ and time-dependent potentials $ {V_{j}} $ separately, we show that the small global solutions satisfy time decay estimates of order $ O((t\log{t})^{-1}) $ when $ p = 2 $, and the small global solutions satisfy time decay estimates of order $ O({t}^{-1}) $ when $ p > 2 $.
Vuelco educativo y reducción de la homogamia: un análisis por cohortes de la formación de parejas en España
Authors: López-Rodríguez Fermín , Gutiérrez Rodolfo
Published: June 2023

El debate empírico y teórico sobre las implicaciones del vuelco educativo femenino en la formación de parejas sigue abierto. En este artículo, utilizando microdatos trimestrales de la EPA, se analizan los tipos de unión formados en España para las cohortes nacidas entre 1950-1988, un período lo suficientemente amplio como para captar las tendencias de largo recorrido. Para descontar la exposición diferencial al mercado matrimonial en un contexto como el español, donde la expansión formativa ha sido intensa, se aplican modelos loglineales. Los resultados muestran que la hipogamia es el tipo de unión que más crece. Esa evolución es asimétrica por parejas: llega antes y es mayor entre las mujeres más cualificadas, asociándose claramente a su incorporación al mercado laboral. Si se consideran las dificultades para superar determinados niveles y la influencia que ejerce el vuelco educativo femenino, la homogamia prevalece como forma de emparejamiento principal.
La visceralidad de la violencia letal. Un modelo fenomenológico del homicidio entre varones en Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Di Marco Martín Hernán
Published: June 2023

Este artículo analiza las experiencias de varones que cometieron el homicidio de otros varones en Buenos Aires, Argentina (2000-2020). Abrevando en el interaccionismo radical y los estudios sociales de las emociones, se reconstruye la dinámica situacional de la violencia letal. A partir de un diseño hermenéutico, se codificó inductivamente un corpus de 73 entrevistas narrativas a perpetradores. Se identificaron tres dimensiones (emociones, descripciones de los contrincantes y modos de experimentar a las audiencias) para analizar la construcción situacional del yo y los elementos experienciales puestos en juego. Se diagramó un modelo fenomenológico que integra estas dimensiones y se propone el concepto de visceralidad de la violencia para describir la heterogeneidad de elementos emocionales involucrados en el ejercicio de la violencia letal. El artículo discute con lecturas simplistas de la naturalización de la violencia y del honor, al realzar la sensación de inevitabilidad, amenaza y evaluación que experimentan los perpetradores.
Capital de movilidad y migraciones intraeuropeas. Jóvenes españoles en Düsseldorf (Alemania)
Authors: Capote Lama Alberto , Fernández Suárez Belén
Published: June 2023

La reciente emigración española hacia Europa ha sido más diversa que la imagen que se ha construido desde el plano político, mediático e incluso académico. La figura del joven con estudios superiores que construye su proyecto migratorio en una ciudad global ha podido invisibilizar otros perfiles, como los de jóvenes con menos estudios y sin experiencia migratoria previa. Dentro del marco de los nuevos paradigmas sobre la movilidad, más marcada por la circularidad y con etapas que pueden transcurrir en varios lugares, el capital de movilidad es una herramienta que puede ilustrar esta dinámica y diversidad. El objetivo de este artículo es abordar cómo se ha generado, en el espacio y el tiempo, un capital de movilidad entre las personas que han emigrado desde España en los últimos años a uno de sus principales destinos, Alemania, a partir de una serie de entrevistas semiestructuradas a jóvenes emigrados después de 2008.
ICT Skills Training for the Deaf to Enhance Employment Prospects
Authors: Mnyanyi Cosmas Boniface
Published: June 2023

The chapter is on ICT skills training for the deaf to enhance employability prospects to improve social-economic development. Deaf employment is a global issue. ICT skills training might reduce the challenge. Little is known about ICT skills training for the deaf. The author interviewed 5 parents and 15 ICT skills training for the deaf graduates at the Open University of Tanzania. Data were collected using an interview guide with support from an experienced sign language interpreter. Findings indicated that ICT skills training increased participation in learning, employment, networking, and social inclusion. However, they faced challenges related to community perception, resources availability, affordability, connectivity, funding, and availability of ICT skills training opportunities that met their special learning needs. Based on the results, people with disabilities have to learn ICT skills that meet their unique special needs to reduce the negative effects of the impact of disruptive technologies and employability in the 4th Industrial Revolution.
Impact of Disruptive Technologies on the Socioeconomic Development of Emerging Countries
Authors: Odei-Appiah Solomon
Published: June 2023

In the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, educational institutions had to be temporarily shut down by their respective governments around the world in order to contain the spread of the virus. The pandemic globally engendered new ways of teaching and learning amidst the restrictions. Schools in emerging countries are mostly dependent on the traditional face-to-face method of teaching and learning and barely had any substantial experience in virtual education prior to the outbreak. Moreover, many countries lack adequate infrastructure for ICTs and internet usage. Nonetheless, these countries also adopted various digital technologies for virtual teaching and learning. This chapter discusses digital technologies and resources for learning in emerging countries under lockdown and proposes a research model for evaluating their impact amidst the effects of the digital divide.
Digitalization of the Tanzania's Tourism Industry
Authors: Lupiana Dennis M.
Published: June 2023

In Tanzania the tourism industry is one of the main contributors to the economy. Despite the steady increase in tourists after the COVID-19 pandemic, the industry's performance is low compared to the unique and abundant tourism resources with which the country is endowed. Tanzania is ranked 1st in Africa and 12th worldwide on the quality of its nature-based resources and 32nd in Africa on its cultural resources. Yet the country holds 5th place in Sub-Saharan Africa. This is due to several factors, and the low integration of digital solutions is one of them. In order to improve the performance, the chapter identifies areas in the customer journey that can benefit from digitalization and proposes relevant interventions. The challenges include underutilization of user-generated content, limited internet access, the dominance of traditional marketing practices, inadequate planning services, and limited access to local businesses. The proposed interventions include the development of an interactive web portal and e-tourism stickers and the inclusion of planning features in a tourism portal.
Universal Design for Learning as Support for the Inclusion of Deaf Student Teachers in Training
Authors: Lyner-Cleophas Marcia Mirl , Saunderson Claudia Priscilla , Apollis Lizelle Josephine
Published: June 2023

South Africa is a society historically marred by exclusion and discrimination based on inter alia race, gender, economic status, disability, and language. The restoration of dignity, diversity, equity, and inclusion is a high priority. At Stellenbosch University (SU), policies such as the Language Policy (2021), Disability Access Policy (2018) and Assessment Policy (2022) have fostered redress inclusive of students with disabilities. This chapter reviews how shifts were implemented using the above-mentioned policies by highlighting how flexibility was introduced in the education of Deaf students in the Faculty of Education at SU having UDL in mind. The chapter traces teaching, learning, and assessment support in Deaf student teacher training at SU. The conclusion is that policies assist in facilitating changing environments while promoting inclusivity in flexible curricula and support practices.
Exploring Ways to Design Mathematics Education Promoting Inclusion and Equity for Every Student
Authors: Roos Helena
Published: June 2023

The aim of this chapter is to reflect on how inclusion and equity can be used when moving from defining them theoretically and identifying critical aspects, into using them practically in designing mathematics education. In this chapter inclusive and equitable education is understood as an education striving for every student's opportunity to take part in learning processes in mathematics. Theoretically Ainscows' framework for inclusion and equity is combined with Skovsmoses' notions regarding inclusive landscape of investigation. This combination is done to create a conceptual framework for promotion of inclusion and equity in mathematics education. The result of the meta-analysis displays seven interrelated critical aspects: see the students; develop and anchor inclusion and equity principles; supportive administration and organization; educational strategies; tasks; representations; collaborations and mathematical discussions. These aspects need to be considered in the implementation of inclusive and equitable mathematics.
Special Education Policy in the United States and Ireland
Authors: Harkins-Brown Andrea R. , Flood Margaret
Published: June 2023

A global human rights and social justice agenda has influenced governments to recognize their responsibility to achieve a system of inclusive education for students with disabilities. Inclusive education in the United States is defined by the premise that all eligible students be provided with a free appropriate public education, as outlined by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. In Ireland, though now in a period of review, the Education of Persons with Special Educational Needs Act is considered a coherent framework for inclusive education for students with special educational needs. Internationally, universal design for learning is recognized as an approach that supports the development of inclusivity in schools. This chapter outlines the national policies governing special education in American and Irish schools. Using a UDL lens, this chapter provides a synthesis of key principles of the IDEA and EPSEN; highlights alignments between these acts and the principles of UDL; and compares the policies to provide a critical analysis within an international context.
Impacts of Nanotechnology
Authors: Shafique Rubia , Rani Malika , Munawar Anam , Arshad Maryam
Published: June 2023

This chapter presents an overview of positive and negative nanotechnology impacts discussed on a broader plane. Nanotechnology's central tenet is the utilization of sub-micrometer-sized particles for use in a wide variety of disciplines, including medicine, cosmetics, agriculture, and the food industry. Nanotechnology's advantages include better agricultural production, quality in pharmaceuticals, targeted drug delivery, and sensor applications. In order to move forward with its growth, it is crucial to correctly recognize the potential benefits and unintentional threats of nanomaterials to our surroundings. Nanotechnology is more complex, more focused, and a balanced interpretation of risks and benefits is very important to analyze.
Nanomedicine
Authors: Salman Midhat , Babar Shanzay , Mariam Maida
Published: June 2023

Nanomedicine deals with the usage of nanotechnology for medical purposes. Due to their identical size to the majority of biological molecules, nanomaterials utilized in nanomedicine are advantageous for in vivo applications. The aim of applying nanotechnology in medicine is to effectively diagnose and treat diseases. Although nanomedicine remains in its early stages, many analytical tools, diagnostic devices, biosensors, drug delivery vehicles, and physical therapy applications are being developed under this branch of medicine to treat diseases. It is anticipated that a growing number of medicines will use nanotechnology in the coming years as a result of the progress in the field. However, as nanotechnology develops, it is essential to consider both benefits and limitations of the technology including its potential risks. Current problems in the development of nanomedicine involve the toxicity and environmental effects of nanoscale compounds, but as the field develops, its impact on the economy is expected to be significant in the future.
Employing Nano-Sensors for Explosives Detection
Authors: Khalid Mubeen , Khan Muhammad Farhan , Nazir Shahid
Published: June 2023

This chapter presents the potential of the application of nano-sensors for trace explosive detection. A major challenge faced in detecting trace explosives is the detection of ultra-low quantities of trace compounds. This chapter discusses the selective and sensitive detection of trace explosives by employing nano-sensors, limitations of detecting trace explosives, and reevaluates the current technologies that are inefficient and inaccurate for trace explosive detection. Application of nano-sensors for the exposure of low concentration explosive compounds is an effective platform in the advancement of trace explosive detection.
Nanomaterial-Based Bio-Detection
Authors: Zareef Iqra , Rehman Rahat , Nazir Shahid , Riaz Ahsan
Published: June 2023

Analysis of body fluids is an important aspect of forensic investigation; therefore, rapid and sensitive detection is required for their analysis as well as characterization. This chapter presents an overview of the applications of different nanomaterials with respect to the biological material detection. If we talk about forensic biological samples, we especially need to handle them with care, because such samples from crime scenes are always in traces. This chapter briefly discusses the use of functional nanoparticles for the detection of biological materials. Genetic material obtained from crime scenes is one of the most important pieces of evidence in forensic investigations, and the chapter focuses on the application of functional nanomaterials for their detection.
Nano Forensic Testing of Illicit Drugs
Authors: Riaz Ahsan , Zareef Iqra , Munawar Anam , Rakha Allah , Shad Naveed A.
Published: June 2023

Nano forensics utilizes nano-based sensors in matters of crime or where the legality of the process is challenged. There exist many conventional techniques, but considering the approach of criminals and the modern-day standard of investigation, there is a need for nanotechnology-based sensors for their sensitive, selective, and rapid detection of illicit drugs. Illicit drugs are psychoactive in nature. They act upon the CNS that results in different perceptions and long-lasting responses. This chapter covers the drugs that can be the potential source of causing abuse and those commonly detected in forensic lab testing. The conventional techniques have a few drawbacks. They are time-consuming, highly expensive, and some of these techniques are also destructive. Nanosensors are nanoparticle-based probing techniques that constitute a sensing platform for the detection of the biological substance present in the evidence sample collected from the crime scene. These nanosensors can work with limited quantities, and the quality of the sample yields valuable information for preparing the scientific report.
Zero Day Vulnerability Assessment
Authors: Thapa Vidhant Maan , Srivastava Sudhanshu , Garg Shelly
Published: June 2023

In this technology-driven era, software development and maintenance are rapidly growing domains and are predestined to thrive over the coming decade. But the growing demand for software solutions also brings its own implications, and software vulnerabilities are the most crucial of these. Software vulnerabilities can be referred to as weaknesses or shortcomings of software solutions, which increase the risks of exploitation of resources and information. In the past few years, the number of exploits has been increasing rapidly, reaching an all-time high in 2021, affecting more than 100 million people worldwide. Even with the presence of existing vulnerability management models and highly secure tools and frameworks, software vulnerabilities are harder to identify and resolve as they may not be independent, and resolving them may cause other vulnerabilities. Moreover, a majority of the exploits are caused by known vulnerabilities and zero-day vulnerabilities.
HES
Authors: Akkaya Fatma Dogan
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the implementation of digital health surveillance systems worldwide, including Turkey's Hayat Eve Sığar (HES) platform. While effective in monitoring and tracing the virus, these systems also raise concerns about data privacy and cybersecurity risks. This chapter examines potential risks such as data breaches, malware attacks, unauthorized access, misuse of personal health information, and inadequate security protocols. To mitigate these risks, healthcare organizations must implement strong security measures and adopt a culture of security with a focus on continuous improvement and proactive risk management. The HES in Turkey provides a valuable case study for understanding these risks and measures to mitigate them. The chapter highlights the growing trend of digital health services invading individuals' private spaces and regulating their lives, emphasizing the importance of data privacy and security in safeguarding personal health information.
Imperatives of Risk Analysis and Asset Management on Cyber Security in a Technology-Driven Economy
Authors: Oyedokun Godwin Emmanuel , Campbell Omolara
Published: June 2023

As the relevance of the digital economy increases, the need for secured cyberspace increases. Cyber threats are inescapable in digital progress. In the growth of cyber dominance, cybersecurity is necessary and very essential. Risk analysis is the process of assessing the likelihood of an adverse event occurring within the corporate, government, or environmental sectors. This chapter, therefore, explores the imperatives of risk analysis and asset management on cyber security in a technology-driven economy from the existing body of knowledge in the field. The chapter is divided into five sections, where the first section has to do with the introduction. The remaining four sections deal with the concepts of risk and risk analysis, asset management, factors determining attainment of continuous improvement of an asset performance management (APM) solution, cyber-crime and cyber-security, and conclusion and recommendations.
Innovative Environmental Solution for One Floor Existing Commercial Buildings Located in Hot Climate to Be Naturally Ventilated (Case Study at Ras El Bar, Egypt)
Authors: Ismail Rania F. , Helal Hesham A.
Published: June 2023

Commercial buildings are high energy consumption buildings due to lighting system, cooling, and heating requirements (HVAC) for main corridors, shops, and other services. This research is offering an innovative environmental solution for one floor existing commercial buildings by retrofitting the design to be naturally ventilated which lead to reduce building energy consumption and Co2 production. This Research main concept is ventilating corridors and common spaces at one-floor commercial building naturally and achieving users’ thermal comfort even in the hottest day at summer.Research case study is one-floor existing commercial building in Ras El Bar, Egypt. Building model is constructed in Design Builder software to simulate building energy consumption in the current design as base case and compare different environmental solutions results with it to estimate the energy and Co2 reduction. Also, CFD simulation for different design proposals is simulated to guarantee comfort natural air flow inside the corridors for building users.In addition to visit to building site to measure temperature and wind speed by multi-functional anemometer in many focal points indoor and outdoor the building, to consider any missing data that could affect on the final decision.Finally, after simulating more than one solution, the study present solution that naturally ventilate the on-floor commercial building and achieved users’ thermal comfort at summer.
A contribution to the knowledge of genus Dasytidius Schilsky, 1896 in the eastern Mediterranean region
Authors: Liberti Gianfranco
Published: June 2023

The present study is limited to the species which live in the eastern Mediterranean region (Greece, Turkey, Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Israel and Jordan, Egypt and Libya). Genus Dasytidius is here very poorly known, and, within this region, large areas completely lack records and field research. 29 taxa (species and subspecies) have been, however, described from the mentioned countries, and it has been possible to assemble and study reasonable amounts of materials (over 1500 specimens) covering 25 taxa and including many types. Two new species have been described: D. daucifloris n. sp. from Aegean Turkey and D. majeri n. sp. from southern-central Turkey. Four new synonymies are proposed: D. indutus dalmatinus Majer, 1989 = D. indutus indutus Kiesenwetter, 1859; D. impar Majer, 1996 = D. indutus subsp. funebris Majer, 1989; D. insularis Majer, 1996 = D. prosperus Majer, 1989 and D. malkini Majer, 1996 = D. similis Schilsky, 1896. Two taxa have been moved from species to subspecies status: D. indutus subsp. funebris Majer, 1989 n. stat. and D. infinitus subsp. subnudus Majer, 1991 n. stat. One species has been resurrected: D. obscuripes (Pic, 1896), previously considered a junior synonym of D. nigripes (Pic, 1894). Four Dasytidius species remained unknown: they have been only shortly taken into account and not included in the determination key; the three Cypriot species, being endemic to the Island and recently fully discussed (Liberti 2021), have not been included as well in the key. The remaining 22 taxa have been thoroughly considered, and their anatomies have been described, compared and figured.
In ricordo di Valter Pizzaghi
Authors: Nicoli Aldini Rinaldo
Published: June 2023

Non disponibile.
Perioperative melatonin in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Nair Abhijit S.
Published: June 2023

Cytokine storm in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients leads to acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiorgan dysfunction, shock, and thrombosis thus contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. Several agents like steroids, ascorbic acid, vitamins (C, D, E), glutathione, N-acetylcysteine have been used and several studies are underway to identify its efficacy in addressing undesirable effects due to COVID-19 illness. Among several experimental modalities based on expert opinion and anecdotal data, melatonin is one molecule that appears promising. Owing to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, melatonin can be an important agent used as a component of multimodal analgesia in COVID-19 patients, suspected patients, and patients with exposure to positive patients undergoing emergency or urgent surgeries. Further research is required to know the optimal time of initiation, dose, and duration of melatonin as an adjunct.
Ozone gas applied through nebulizatıon as adjuvant treatment for lung respiratory dıseases due to COVID-19 infectıons
Authors: Dengiz Erhan , Özcan Çağrı , Güven Yusuf İzzettin , Uçar Selcen , Ener Behçet Kemal , Sözen Semih , Yağcı Buket , Güzel İnal Albek , Yiğit Betül , Andaç Aslınur , Güneş Beyza , Bor Emire , Karabudak Uğur , Kaya Ali
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study was to provide lung disinfection by nebulizing ozone gas with distilled water and olive oil for patients who have clinical symptoms due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The study attempted to reduce the viral load of COVID-19 in the lungs of patients, to provide a faster response to medical treatment. Between August 2020 and September 2020, 30 patients who met the study criteria were prospectively evaluated. There were 2 groups with 15 patients in each group: patients in control group were not treated with ozone and only received standard COVID-19 treatment; patients in ozone group received lung disinfection technique with ozone and standard COVID-19 treatment. A statistically significant difference was found in the length of stay in hospital, change in C-reactive protein, polymerase chain reaction results after 5 days, and computed tomography scores between two groups. There was no statistically significant difference in D-dimer, urea, lactate dehydrogenase, lymphocyte, leukocyte, and platelet between two groups. According to the data, we think that the lung disinfection technique applied with ozone inhalation reduces the rate of pneumonia in COVID-19 patients and makes the patients respond faster to the treatment and become negative according to the polymerase chain reaction tests. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the İstanbul Medipol University Clinical Trials (approval No. 0011) on July 2, 2020.
Prospect of 4th COVID Wave in India: An Insightful Study
Authors: Equbal Azhar
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

The present research highlights the promising factors that suggest the possible occurrence of the fourth COVID wave in India. India is among the major victim of this pandemic and has already witnessed the three dangerous COVID waves, and the lives of Indian people are put to a major setback. When it appears as the destruction caused by the third wave seems to getting over and people are trying to return to their normal lives, meanwhile with the mutation of the virus, the new COVID variants (COVID XBB 1.16 or Arcturus, XBB.1.5, and Delta Omicron) are again shaking our universe.

Methods:

Research studies and developed predictive models are suggesting the possible occurrence of the fourth COVID wave in the coming months. Considering the predictions and model developed, a critical insight is provided in the present study, which predicts the prospect of the fourth COVID wave in India.

Results:

Research proposed that the new COVID variants (COVID XBB 1.16, XBB.1.5, and Delta Omicron) are again leading to an increase in the number of active infected cases. Several factors, as mentioned in the research, are responsible for this spread of infection.

Conclusions:

Important factors are highlighted, which portray the probability of the fourth coronavirus wave in India. Important factors are presented in individuals, and an attempt is made to relate them with the occurrence or nonoccurrence of the fourth wave.
Morphology and Morphometry of Aortic Valve in Humans and Porcines – A Comparative Study
Authors: Sundarasamy Supadevi , Vinoth S , Murugasen Anuradha , Supasakthi S
Published: June 2023

Background:

The aortic valve is a semilunar valve with three leaflets that are in the left ventricle's outflow tract and only permits unidirectional blood flow away from the ventricle. The valve leaflet can tolerate extremely high mechanical and hemodynamic forces resulting from the great complexity and complicated cellular and molecular functions.

Aims:

The aim of the study is to provide an add-on to the understanding of the morphological and morphometrical aspects of human and porcine aortic heart valves on comparative grounds so that they can be used as a guide in the construction of three-dimensional (3D)-printed mechanical valve.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty swine and twenty human hearts were compared and examined in this investigation. The porcine and human hearts weighing in between 300 g and 450 g were considered, and any variation from the normal and any mechanical damage rendered during procurement were all excluded from the study.

Results:

The length of the attached margin of the right coronary cusp, left coronary cusp, and noncoronary cusp of human and porcine were 45.15 mm, 36.47 mm, and 41.53 mm and 36.55 mm, 43.14 mm, and 36.10 mm, respectively. The length of the free margin and the height of the cusps from nadir to the sinotubular junction and the effective height of the cusp from nadir to the free margin of the cusps of human and porcine have been compared.

Conclusion:

The human and swine aortic valves share morphological and morphometrical characteristics, which can be used to create 3D valves and tissue engineering procedures with greater biocompatibility and biofunctionality.
Synchronous occurrence of medullary and papillary thyroid cancer and survival rates
Authors: Akgun Elife , Sager Sait , Beytur Fatih , Nazari Azizullah , Ozturk Tulin , Teksoz Serkan , Sonmezoglu Kerim
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

Concurrence of medullary and papillary thyroid carcinoma (MTC and PTC) represents less than 1% of all thyroid malignancies. We aimed to reveal the demographic and clinical characteristics of this rare pathology and to evaluate the effect of the same or contralateral lobular localization of these two malignancies in clinical and laboratory features. Evaluation of progression-free survival (PFS) in current pathology is one of the important features of our study.

Methods:

All patients diagnosed with simultaneous MTC and PTC after thyroidectomy were evaluated retrospectively. Data on the following variables were recorded: age, gender, tumor localization (ipsilateral lobe located MTC and PTC-Group I, contralateral lobe located MTC and PTC-Group II), tumor size, cervical lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, tumor stage, postoperative basal calcitonin, carcinoembryonic antigen, thyroglobulin (Tg), and anti-Tg values. In all our cases, since MTC progressed before PTC, progression was accepted as serum calcitonin values exceeded 150 pg/mL.

Results:

Groups were formed as follows: Group I, four cases where MTC and PTC were localized in different foci in the same lobe; Group II, nine cases where they were localized in different lobes. There was only one case in which two tumors were located in the same focus. The case with dual differentiation was included in Group I (35. 7%). When the PFS of the two groups were compared, no statistically significant difference was found (P = 0.87).

Conclusions:

As a result of this analysis, the location of the simultaneously detected PTC in the same or different lobes with the MTC does not make a significant difference in clinical and laboratory features.
Left Ventricular Strain in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Shukla Madhu , Mohan Jagdish Chander
Published: June 2023

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome of effort intolerance based on structural and functional abnormalities of the cardiovascular system (CVS). Its prevalence is increasing progressively in comparison to that of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction due to aging, obesity, metabolic stress, and hypertension. Multiple domains of the CVS and peripheral organs have reduced reserve capacity and increased stiffness in patients with HFpEF. This high-gain CVS exhibits increased filling pressures and reduced filling volumes under stress despite the left ventricular ejection fraction, commonly estimated parameter of contractile performance, being normal, i.e., >50%. The cost of increasing cardiac output in terms of left ventricular filling pressures is increased and their relationship shows an upward and more left-directed slope due to reduced ventricular and arterial compliance. At the tissue level, there is myocytic hypertrophy and increased extracellular matrix with capillary rarefaction. There are many phenogroups of HFpEF based on the heart’s ability to secrete natriuretic peptides, degree of dysmetabolism, age, renal function, body fat, rhythm, underlying etiology, and subclinical systolic dysfunction. The left ventricle may be pressure-loaded, volume-loaded, or have equipoise with regard to remodeling. Myocardial performance estimated by parameters other than those based on distance or volume displacement may be abnormal in more than half of the patients underlying the presence of subtle systolic dysfunction. This review looks at myocardial performance and characteristics in HFpEF by deformation imaging using acoustic speckle tracking and its diagnostic and prognostic significance. Research points toward the utility of global longitudinal strain in early detection, biological characterization, and risk stratification of HFpEF. Echocardiographic speckle-tracking-based longitudinal strain analysis represents a method of relatively high value and for sensitive phenotyping of HFpEF which is yet to be utilized optimally. Other dimensions of strain, although extensively studied in HFpEF, do not add much value. The focus is on systolic deformation since there is limited utility of diastolic strain and its rate.