bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diyabetin Komplikasyonları
Authors: İğci Nazlıcan , Seringeç Akkeçeci Nurten
Published: April 2024

Diyabet (DM), bozulmuş insülin sekresyonu veya bozulmuş insülin etkisi ya da genellikle her ikisinin meydana geldiği kronik hiperglisemi ile karakterize heterojen metabolik bir bozukluktur. Hiperglisemi sonucu meydana gelen diyabete bağlı komplikasyonlar oldukça yaygındır ve birçok morbidite ve mortaliteden sorumludur. Diyabete bağlı oluşan doku hasarının ana nedeni hiperglisemidir. Çoğu hücre hiperglisemiye maruz kaldığında hücre içi glikoz taşınmasını azaltarak hücre içi glikoz konsantrasyonunu sabit tutabilmektedir. Retinadaki kılcal endotelyal hücreler, renal glomerulustaki mezengiyal hücreler, periferik sinirlerdeki nöronlar ve Schwann hücreleri hiperglisemide en çok zarar gören hücrelerdir. Çünkü bu hücreler hiperglisemiye maruz kaldıklarında hücre içi glikoz taşınmasını azaltamazlar ve bu hücrelerde hücre içi glikoz konsantrasyonu artar. Glikoz konsantrasyonunun yüksek olması sonucunda da hücresel mekanizmalarda değişiklikler gerçekleşir. Diyabetin komplikasyonlarına sebep olan hücresel mekanizmalar; artan polyol yolu akışı, ilerlemiş glikasyon son ürünlerinin (AGE) hücre içi üretimi, protein kinaz C (PKC) aktivasyonu ve artan heksozamin yolu aktivitesidir. Diyabetin komplikasyonları akut ve kronik komplikasyonlar olmak üzere ikiye ayrılır. Diyabetin akut komplikasyonları hiperglisemi, diyabetik ketoasidoz, hiperozmolar koma ve hipoglisemidir. Diyabetin kronik komplikasyonları mikrovasküler ve makrovasküler komplikasyonlar olarak kendi içinde ayrılmaktadır. Mikrovasküler komplikasyonlar arasında nöropati, nefropati ve retinopati bulunmaktadır. Makrovasküler komplikasyonlar ise kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, felç ve periferik vasküler hastalıklardır. Bu derlemenin amacı, diyabetin komplikasyonları ve diyabetin komplikasyonlarına sebep olan hücresel mekanizmalar hakkında bilgi vermektir.
Epilepsinin Psikiyatrik Bozukluklar ile İlişkisi
Authors: Kahya Yalçın , Hocaoglu Cicek
Published: April 2024

Epilepsi, tekrarlayan nöbetlerle karakterize kronik seyirli nörolojik bir hastalıktır. Her yaştan insanı etkileyen epilepsi hastalar ve aileleri için ekonomik, sosyal alanlar gibi birçok alanda yıkıcı sorunlara neden olur. Epilepsi tanımlanırken sadece nöbetler değil, aynı zamanda hastalığa eşlik eden psikiyatrik ve bilişsel bozulmayı içeren durumlar da göz önüne alınmalıdır. Çünkü epilepsi tanısı ile izlenen hastalarda psikiyatrik eş tanıların prevalansı oldukça yüksektir. Yaşamları boyunca üç hastadan birinde psikiyatrik bozukluklar görülmektedir. Duygudurum ve anksiyete bozuklukları epilepsiye en sık eşlik eden psikiyatrik tanıların başında gelmektedir. Şizofreni, obsesif kompulsif bozukluk (OKB), kişilik bozuklukları, dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB), bipolar bozukluk (BB), bilişsel bozukluklar ve madde kullanım bozukluğu da eşlik eden diğer psikiyatrik hastalıklardır. Epilepsi aynı zamanda yüksek intihar riski ve şiddet davranışları ile de ilişkilendirilmektedir. Epilepsi tedavisinde öncelik antiepileptik ilaçların monoterapi olarak kullanılmasıdır. Ayrıca, tedavide kullanılan antiepileptik ilaçların psikiyatrik ve davranışsal yan etkileri olabilir. Bu yan etkiler ilacın özelliğine ve hastanın klinik durumuna göre değişebilir. Yan etkiler gözden kaçabildiği için kesin sıklığını belirlemek de güçtür. Özellikle psikiyatrik bozukluk öyküsü olan epilepsi tanılı hastalarda antiepileptik ilaç kullanımı ve seçimi konusunda dikkatli olunmalıdır. Eş tanılı psikiyatrik bozuklukların erken saptanması hem nöbet kontrolü açısından hem de hastalığın seyri açısından önem taşımaktadır. Bu gözden geçirmede konu ile ilgili çalışmalar gözden geçirilerek alanyazına katkı sunulması amaçlanmıştır.
Penetran Yaralanma Sonucu İntratorasik Dev Yabancı Cisim ve Tedavi Yaklaşımımız
Authors: Ateş Arif , Esme Hıdır
Published: April 2024

Toraks travmaları hayatı tehdit eden, hızlı tanı ve acil cerrahi tedavi gerekebilen yaralanmalardır. 34 yaşında erkek hasta iş kazası sonucu toraks yaralanması ile hastanemiz acil servisine getirildi. Acil servis resusitasyon odasındaki ilk muayenede sol hemitoraksa nafiz dev metal yabancı cisim görüldü. Hastanın vital bulguları kontrol altına alındıktan sonra acil toraks görüntülemesi yapıldı. Yabancı cismin intratorasik büyük damarlara yakınlığı, akciğer parankim hasarı ve buna bağlı hemopnömotoraks olması sebebiyle acil operasyona alındı. Bu yazıda penetran toraks yaralanmasına bağlı yabancı cisimlerdeki tanı ve tedavi yaklaşımımız sunulmaktadır.
Koroner Bypass Cerrahisi Sonrası Alt Ekstremitelerde Venöz Tromboemboli Gelişme Riskinin Önlenmesinde Video Eğitiminin Etkisi: Yarı Deneysel Çalışma
Authors: Ok Mehmet , Tuna Arzu , Soylu Dilek
Published: April 2024

Amaç: Bu araştırma, koroner bypass cerrahisi sonrası alt ekstremitelerde venöz tromboemboli gelişme riskinin önlenmesinde video eğitiminin etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla yarı deneysel olarak yapıldı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Evreni belli gruplarda örneklem seçimine göre deney grubuna 42, kontrol grubuna 42 hasta dahil edildi. Veriler Hasta Tanıtıcı Bilgi formu, Venöz Dolaşımı Değerlendirme Formu, Basınçlı Elastikli Çorabı Giyme Değerlendirme Formu ile toplandı. Deney grubuna video destekli eğitim verildi, kontrol grubuna ise klinik rutinde var olan eğitim verildi.
Bulgular: Deney grubundaki hastaların ekstremitelerinde kızarıklık, ağrı, yanma olmadığı saptandı (p<0,001). Deney grubundaki hastaların elastik çorabını nasıl giyileceklerini, giyerken kırışıklık olmaması gerektiğini, çıkardıktan sonra ayak nabzını nasıl ölçeceğini, bacak çevresini nasıl ölçeceğini bildiği saptandı (p<0,001). Tüm hastaların çorabı çıkardığında ektremitede morarma olmadığı tespit edildi (p<0,05). Deney grubundaki hastaların basınçlı elastik çorabını çıkardığında ayaklarında karıncalanma, yanma, kaşıntı olmadığı belirlendi (p<0,05). Deney grubundaki hastaların Basınçlı Elastik Çorabını Kullanma soru formu puan ortalamalarının yüksek olduğu saptandı (p<0,001).
Sonuç: Koroner bypass cerrahisi sonrası venöz tromboemboli gelişme riskinin önlenmesinde video eğitiminin etkisine bakıldığında deney grubundaki hastalarda derin ven trombozu bulgusunun daha az olduğu ve giydikleri elastik çoraba yönelik bilgi ve davranışlarının doğru olduğu saptandı.
Santral Sinir Sistemi Enfeksiyonunda Viral Etkenlerin Gerçek Zamanlı PCR Yöntemi ile Saptanması
Authors: Kirişci Özlem , Yalçınkaya Kezban Tülay , Orak Filiz
Published: April 2024

Amaç: Santral sinir sistemi (SSS) enfeksiyonu etkenlerinin saptanmasında konvansiyonel kültür yöntemleri altın standart olmasına rağmen polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PZR) giderek artan sıklıkta kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Patojenin saatler içinde saptanması, canlı mikroorganizmaya gereksinim olmaması, antimikrobiyal kullanımından etkilenmemesi PZR yönteminin avantajları arasındadır. Birçok virüs benzer klinik tablo oluşturabildiğinden aynı anda birden fazla etkeni belirleyebilecek PZR yöntemleri tanımlandı. Bu çalışmada Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı’na viral santral sinir sistemi enfeksiyonu ön tanısı düşünülerek gönderilen beyin omurilik sıvısı (BOS) örneklerinde nükleik asit testleri ile saptanan viral etkenlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu amaçla, Mart 2018-Ocak 2020 tarihleri arasında Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Hastanesi Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarı’na gönderilen, SSS enfeksiyonu öntanılı hastalara ait 141 (BOS) örneğinde multipleks gerçek zamanlı PZR yöntemi ile viral etkenler araştırılmıştır. Hastaların 11’i 0-5 (beşi erkek), 10’u 6-15 (altısı erkek), 120’si 16-88 (50’si erkek) yaş aralığındaydı. Kullanılan ticari PZR test kiti (FTD Neuro9, Fast-Track Diagnostics, Lüksemburg) panelinde Adenovirüs (AdV), Sitomegalovirüs (CMV), Enterovirüs (EV), Epstein-Barr virüs (EBV) Herpes simpleks virüs 1 ve 2 (HSV 1-2), İnsan herpes virüs 6 ve 7 (HHV 6-7), İnsan “parecho” virüs, Parvovirüs B19 ve Varisella-zoster virüs (VZV) bulunmaktadır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 141 BOS örneğinin beşinde (%3,5) viral etken saptanmıştır. Bir örnekte HHV-7 (yaş, 7), bir örnekte Enterovirüs (yaş, 8), iki örnekte VZV (yaş, 35 ve 66) ve bir örnekte AdV (yaş, 56) saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak özellikle klasik tanı yöntemlerinin yetersiz kaldığı bilinen etkenlerin tanımlanmasında multipleks gerçek zamanlı PZR yönteminin kullanılması tanısal duyarlılığa ve hasta yönetimine katkı sağlayacaktır.
Hidradenitis Süpürativa Tedavisinde Botulinum Toksin A Uygulaması
Authors: Bilgen Fatma , Karaduman Harun , Bekerecioğlu Mehmet
Published: April 2024

Hidradenitis süpürativa (HS), apokrin bezlerin kronik, tekrarlayan, abse ve sinüslerin eşlik ettiği inflamatuvar bir hastalığıdır. Kesin etiyoloji bilinmemekle birlikte genetik yatkınlık, hormonal faktörler, obezite, diabetes mellitus, sigara kullanımı ve kötü hijyen öne çıkan nedenler arasındadır. HS’nin multiple tedavi seçeneği gerektirmesi ve önemli morbiditeye sebep olması nedeniyle tedavisi oldukça zordur. Botulinum toksin tip A (BTXA) son zamanlarda HS'li hastalar için yeni bir tedavi seçeneği olarak tanımlanmıştır. Sunulan çalışmada, her iki gluteal bölgeden anüs çevresine uzanan, cerrahi ve immunsupresif tedavi seçenekleri uygulanıp nüks gözlenen ve BTXA ile başarılı şekilde tedavi edilen HS olgusu sunulmaktadır. 58 yaşında erkek hasta, her iki gluteal bölgede ağrılı akıntılı lezyonlar nedeniyle kliniğimize müracaat etmişti. Fizik muayenesinde her iki gluteal bölgeden anüse uzanan yaygın, ağrılı akıntılı HS ile uyumlu abse odakları tespit edildi. Hastanın şikayetlerinin 15 yıl önce başladığı, yaklaşık 8 yıl önce dış merkezde cerrahi tedavi uygulandığı, sonrasında nüks olması üzerine uzun süre antibiyotik ve immunsupresif ilaç tedavisi aldığı tespit edildi. Hastanın cerrahi tedaviyi kabul etmemesi üzerine yeni bir tedavi seçeneği olarak BTXA uygulanması planlandı. Her iki gluteal bölge ve anal bölgedeki lezyonların çevresine toplam 200 Ü BTXA uygulaması yapıldı. Hastanın 1. ay kontrolünde abse odaklarının belirgin gerilediği gözlendi. 3. ay kontrolünde tam remisyon gözlenmeyen alanlara 100 Ü BTXA uygulaması tekrar edildi. BTXA, bu komplike hastalıkta yeni ve umut verici bir tedavi seçeneğini olabilir. Uygun doz, uygulama sıklığı ve HS tedavisindeki rolünü anlamak için daha fazla araştırma gerekmektedir.
THE PHENOMENON OF SCIENCE IN THE SYSTEM OF EUROPEAN VALUES AND CULTURE
Authors:   Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies of the Ministry of Education and Culture of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Pavko Anatolii
Published: April 2024

Review of the scientific publication: Melnyk V. Civilizational inquiries and the phenomenon of science: [monograph]. Lviv: Ivan Franko Lviv National University, 2022. 480 p.
Ordular ve Dijital Dönüşüm: Sorunlar ve Çözümler
Authors: Sağbaş Murat , Erdoğan Fahri Alp , Uğural Mehmet Nurettin , Uğurlu Kara Arzu
Published: April 2024

Değişen koşullar kaçınılmaz olarak askerî yapıları ve sistemleri etkilemektedir. Tarih boyunca askerî yapılar doktrinel, organizasyonel, stratejik ve teknolojik gelişmeler nedeniyle sürekli olarak değişikliklere uğramıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, orduların dijital dönüşüm sürecinde yaşadıkları sorunların tespiti ve bu sorunlara yönelik olası çözüm önerilerini tartışmaktır. Araştırma yöntemi olarak sistematik literatür taraması ile uzman görüşmesine başvurularak hibrit bir yöntem kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın özgün değeri, orduların dijital dönüşüm sürecinde karşılaştığı pratik ve güncel sorunları ele alması ve bu sorunlara somut, gerçekçi ve uygulanabilir çözüm önerileri sunmasıdır. Araştırmanın sonucunda eski sistemlerin yeni teknolojilere uyum sağlamada sorun yaşadığı, dijital dönüşümün siber güvenlik açıkları oluşturduğu, veri yönetiminde altyapı eksikliği görüldüğü, eğitim ve öğretim alanlarında 10 yıl ve üzeri personelin değişime karşı direnç gösterebileceği tespit edilmiştir. Bu bulguların, silahlı kuvvetlerdeki uygulayıcılara ve karar vericilere, dijital dönüşüm süreci içerisinde teknolojilerdeki değişimler yoluyla orduların örgütsel yapılarındaki dönüşümler, personel istihdamı, yeni beceri ve kapasite gereksinimleri, askerî eğitim sistemleri ve karar alma süreçleri gibi durumlarda öngörülerde bulunmalarına yardımcı olacağı değerlendirilmektedir.
Psychophysiological Indicators of Young People with Signs of Internet-Addiction
Authors: Tolstoguzov S.N. , Elifanov A.V. , Mashkina S.A. , Naida J.V.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this work is to study the psychophysiological features and characteristics of the activity of the central nervous system in young people with signs of Internet addiction. Young people were investigated, students of grades 10-11 of Tyumen gymnasiums, as well as students of 1-3 courses of Tyumen State University were studied. Internet addiction was determined by the Chen test, the average screen time spent online using mobile gadgets was recorded, the level of anxiety was determined when modeling the symptom of network access cancellation. Cognitive plasticity was determined by the Stroop method. The properties of the central nervous system were studied using a Symbol Cancellation Test (Landolt rings), the critical frequency of the fusion of flickers, the time of simple and complex visual-motor reactions were measured. The following results were found: in gymnasium students with signs of Internet addiction, significant cognitive rigidity was recorded in congruent (1.19 ± 0.05 s per solution; p<0.01 with control) and non-congruent (1.49 ± 0.08 s per solution; p<0.001 with control) Scab samples, respectively. In the group with Internet addiction, low reliability of work on the Landolt test was also noted (Kp 16.24 ± 2.09%; p <0.001 with control), low accuracy of work (At 0.76 ± 0.03 units; p <0.001 with control) and more inert indicators of complex visual-motor reaction (436.66 ± 14.52 ms; p<0.001 with control).The most pronounced negative characteristics associated with low reliability of information processing, low endurance and ability to differentiate in the central nervous system, as well as reduced selective perception of information were noted in the group of gymnasium students and, in part, in the risk groups of gymnasium students and students.
The Role of the Institute of Exemption from Criminal Liability in Ensuring Ecocriminological Security
Authors: Kravchenko I. O.
Published: April 2024

The paper is devoted to the study of ensuring ecocriminological security in the field of using the potential of the institute of exemption from criminal liability of persons who have committed environmental crimes. The author’s conclusions are based on statistical data concerning the grounds for criminal cases dismissals for the period from 2018 to 2022 and judicial practice concerning application of different types of exemption from criminal liability to persons who have committed environmental crimes. The paper examines the features of the application of certain types of exemption from liability. The author examines a shift in emphasis in law enforcement to the use of a judicial fine as opposed to the current trend towards the restrictive use of a fine in the form of punishment against the persons in question due to their personality characteristics that prevent the restriction of their property sphere. The author highlights the existence of ambiguous approaches of courts to establishing the grounds for the application of exemptions from criminal liability of persons who have committed environmental crimes. The tendency to absorb active repentance by a judicial fine has been revealed. It is concluded that there are no grounds for stating reconciliation with the victim in relation to environmental crimes. The author focuses on the established model for redistributing the frequency of use of certain types of exemption while maintaining the average annual number of discharged persons. The established practice of applying the institution of exemption from criminal liability of persons who have committed environmental crimes lacks uniformity in the interpretation of the grounds for its application. The problem of practical use of the humanistic approach of securing a safe environment from criminal influence requires in-depth theoretical understanding and development of a strategy for the development of this approach. Expansion and improvement of the practice of using non-repressive methods of influence is acknowledged as a promising direction for ensuring ecocriminological safety, if the effectiveness of law enforcement practice in this area is increased.
Post-COVID-19 immune homeostasis among 50–60 years old men with comorbidities living in the Аrctic region
Authors: Popovskaya Ekaterina V. , Shchegoleva Lyubov S. , Filippova Oksana E. , Shashkova Elizaveta Y.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: The Northern and Arctic territories are known for their harsh natural and climatic conditions. It is important to prioritize the health of the population in these regions, as people are the primary resource for the Russian Federation’s long-term plans for the development of the Arctic. One unique aspect of immune regulation in the relatively healthy residents of the Arctic region is a decrease in adaptive immunity activity, particularly in the humoral link (HLA-DR+, IgE), alongside heightened cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CD8+). The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all districts of the Arkhangelsk region, further highlighting the importance of health in these remote areas. In addition to common regional pathologies such as upper respiratory tract diseases, inflammatory gastrointestinal pathologies are also prevalent in the Arctic region.
AIM: To study cellular immune response in 50–60 years old men with a history of gastrointestinal diseases(erosive gastritis), who have survived the COVID-19 in the Arctic region.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: An immunological examination was conducted on 26 men aged 50–60 from Arkhangelsk, who had a history of chronic erosive gastritis in long-term remission and had experienced mild cases of COVID-19. The examination included the determination of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and their phenotypes (CD5+, CD8+, CD10+, CD95+).
RESULTS: In men 6–11 months after COVID-19 infection, the adaptive immune response was marked by a deficiency of CD3+ T-cells in 88.5% of cases, elevated concentrations of CD10+ cells in 23.1%, increased levels of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils (by 15.4%, 34.6%, 30.8%, respectively), eleveted CD8+ cell-mediated cytotoxicity (65.4%), and an increase in CD95+ cells in 38.5% of the cases.
CONCLUSIONS:The cellular immune response observed in the study is characterized by a 65.4% increase in cytotoxicity (CD8+), a significant deficiency of T-lymphocytes (CD3+) in 88.5% of cases, and a low level of phagocytic protection in 38.5% of individuals. These findings indicate a poor prognosis for the recurrence of chronic diseases.
The founder of the Kazan neurological school, Professor L.O. Darkshevich and his influence on the development of neurology and neuromorphology in Yekaterinburg
Authors: Mikhalkina Marina V.
Published: April 2024

The article is dedicated to a world-famous scientist, a major clinician, teacher and public figure, one of the founders of the Kazan neurological school, Professor Liverii Osipovich Darkshevich, who occupies a prominent place in the history of Russian medicine. July 17, 2023 marked the 165th anniversary of his birth. Liverii Osipovich was the chairman of the Kazan Society of Doctors and, together with Professor V.M. Bekhterev in 1893 participated in the creation of the society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists in Kazan. On his initiative, in 1901, the “Diary of the Society of Kazan Doctors” was reorganized into the monthly “Kazan Medical Journal”, and Liverii Osipovich became its first editor-in-chief. In Kazan, he organized the first clinic in Russia for people who abuse alcohol, where he often gave popular lectures. The article highlights the main stages of the life and work of Professor L.O. Darkshevich, his significant contribution to the development of neurology and neuromorphology, reflects his professional and personal qualities. The influence of this outstanding doctor and scientist on the development of neurology and neuromorphology in Yekaterinburg has been studied and shown.
Surgical tactics for Crohn’s disease complicated by intestinal bleeding
Authors: Trunin Evgeniy M. , Petrov Sergey V. , Shchegolev Andrey I. , Kozobin Aleksandr A. , Tatarkin Vladislav V. , Koshcheev Anton V. , Baymakov Sayfiddin R. , Tagayev Sherkabul B. , Pulatov Mirkhokim M.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: The course of Crohn’s disease often leads to complications requiring surgical treatment. One of the most serious complications of Crohn’s disease is intestinal bleeding.
AIM: To determine the most optimal timing and extent of surgical treatment in patients with Crohn’s disease complicated by intestinal bleeding when conservative therapy is ineffective.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The article presents the experience of treating patients with Crohn’s disease complicated by intestinal bleeding at the Center for Gastroenterology and Oncopreventology of the Elizabeth Hospital (Russia) and the Republican Scientific Center of Coloproctology (Uzbekistan).
RESULTS: Despite the possibilities of conservative treatment, in 33% of cases the therapy was ineffective and required urgent surgical intervention. The degree of intervention was selected individually based on multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal bleeding is a life-threatening complication of Crohn’s disease, causing the need for surgical intervention in almost a third of cases. Crohn’s disease is characterized by various damage to the gastrointestinal tract, which require multiple options for resective surgery on the small and large intestines, as well as an individual approach to the degree of intervention. The use of modern methods of complex conservative therapy for Crohn’s disease can reduce the risk of complications and reduce the amount of surgical intervention.
The effectiveness of calcium hydroxylapatite-based Implant in eliminating increased sensitivity of teeth
Authors: Shalak Oksana V. , Satygo Elena A.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Dental hypersensitivity affects up to 57% of the world’s population. In Russia, high demand for treating hyperesthesia was found among patients aged 30–59 years. Despite the large number of studies conducted, understanding of the etiology and proposed treatment methods to eliminate increased sensitivity of teeth, there is still no effective drug to treat this pathology. Current methods do not ensure long-term elimination of hypersensitivity, which substantiates the need to develop new treatment methods.
AIM: To determine the effectiveness of the Radiesse implant (Merz North America, USA) in patients with dental hyperesthesia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-six patients aged 35–44 years — men and women with dental hyperesthesia — were examined. The condition of periodontal tissues of teeth with hypersensitivity was assessed by clinical examination methods, and an objective assessment of dental hypersensitivity (tactile impact — TV) was carried out using an electromagnetic device Yeaple Probe (XininX Research Inc., USA).
RESULTS: Dental hypersensitivity after a single injection of the Radiesse implant steadily decreases compared to its initial values.
CONCLUSIONS: Dental hypersensitivity after a single injection of the Radiesse implant steadily decreases compared to its initial values (p 0.05). Effective reduction of dental hypersensitivity when using Radiesse (Merz North America, USA) lasts for more than 6 months in contrast to the effect of standard treatments.
Características epidemiológicas de pacientes con COVID-19 en el Hospital Regional de Encarnación, Paraguay, entre 2021 y 2023
Authors: Esteche Riveros Claudia Andrea , Álvarez Cabrera Juan Alcides
Published: April 2024

Introducción: las vacunas desarrolladas durante la pandemia contra COVID-19 fueron elaboradas con el objetivo de ofrecer inmunidad contra el virus y evitar la enfermedad, reduciendo así las complicaciones fatales. Objetivos: determinar las características epidemiológicas de los pacientes con COVID-19, internados en el servicio de Clínica Médica del Hospital Regional de Encarnación. Además, describir el esquema de vacunación y la relación entre el diagnóstico de neumonía por COVID-19 y la vacunación contra ésta. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, observacional, de corte transversal realizado desde marzo del 2021 a noviembre del 2023. Se aplicó un muestro no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se incluyeron pacientes internados en el servicio de Clínica Médica del Hospital Regional de Encarnación, Paraguay, con diagnóstico de COVID-19. Resultados: la muestra estuvo conformada por 806 pacientes, el 63,28% era del sexo femenino. La edad promedio fue 44 ± 21 años. el 52,73% provenían del distrito de Encarnación. El 11,79% correspondía a pacientes internados con diagnóstico de neumonía por COVID-19 de los cuales el 34,74% contaba con algún esquema de vacunación contra el virus y el 88,21% correspondía a pacientes internados por COVID-19 y otros diagnósticos, de los cuales el 69,06% contaba con algún esquema de vacunación. Las comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron el tabaquismo, la diabetes y la obesidad. Se encontró que la vacunación esta relacionada con la menor frecuencia de neumonía por COVID-19. Conclusiones: se encontró una muestra predominantemente femenina, la edad promedio corresponde al grupo de adultos jóvenes, los pacientes residían principalmente en la ciudad de Encarnación. La frecuencia de internados por COVID-19 con algún esquema de vacunación contra el virus es considerable. Los factores de riesgo o comorbilidades frecuentes fueron la cardiopatía crónica, la hipertensión arterial y la diabetes mellitus. Se determinó estadísticamente que la vacunación y el número de dosis de la vacuna están relacionados con la menor frecuencia de neumonía por COVID-19.
Síndrome de desgaste ocupacional en el personal de enfermería del área de salud de Parrita, Puntarenas, Costa Rica
Authors: Arias Gutiérrez Alejandra , Brenes Gómez Eric
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia del síndrome de desgaste ocupacional en los funcionarios del Departamento de Enfermería del Área de Salud de Parrita de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social durante el año 2023. Metodología: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo trasversal. Se aplicó el instrumento denominado Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) validado al español a 40 trabajadores de la salud. Se calculó la prevalencia del síndrome de desgaste ocupacional y se analizaron sus tres dimensiones: cansancio emocional, despersonalización y realización personal. También se realizó correlación estadística entre la presencia de indicios del síndrome y las variables incluidas en el estudio. Resultados: la prevalencia de funcionarios con indicios del síndrome de desgaste ocupacional identificada fue 47,5%. El 42,5% de los funcionarios presentaron afectación en dimensión de realización personal, 7,5% en la despersonalización y 5,0% en cansancio emocional. No se identificó relación estadísticamente significativa entre las variables incluidas en el estudio y la presencia de indicios de este síndrome. Conclusión: existe una prevalencia elevada de indicios del síndrome de desgaste ocupacional en el personal del Departamento de Enfermería del Área de Salud de Parrita, evidenciado principalmente en la dimensión de la realización personal.
Heart rate lowering agents in acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Banjara Prabhudev R. , Ramaiah Balakeshwa , P. Gudur Shreya
Published: April 2024

Background: Heart rate is a key indicator of cardiovascular mortality, with ACS having the highest mortality risk when heart rate is elevated. With a target heart rate of <70 bpm, it is crucial to evaluate the effects of medications that lowers heart rate.
Methods: In this prospective observational study, 45 patients with ACS were studied, and it was determined whether or not the patients' heart rates at discharge from the hospital were within goal range. Additionally, we looked at demographics, drug-related issues, vitals and then statistical tests were performed.
Results: The demographic of 45 patients showed mean adult age was 47 years and most observed ACS was STEMI (53.3%). Patients prescribed with HRLA showed lower mean HR, SBP and DBP at discharge. Evaluated Optimal HR ≤70 bpm with HRLA therapy at discharge of the inpatients was achieved in 26.6% (63.5±5.5 bpm).
Conclusions: The current study showed HRLA therapy effectively reduced the heart rate at hospital discharge, but despite being on HRLA only 1/4th of patients achieved the optimal heart rate.
Exploring the connection: endocrine disruptors and polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Hussain M. Shakir , Mishra Ajit Kumar
Published: April 2024

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is heterogeneous endocrine disorder in females manifesting reproductive dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities. Endocrinopathy in the form of hyperandrogenism leading to alteration in clinical phenotype and fertility seen. Atherogenic dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance as a result of metabolic disturbance also encountered. Recent years, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are widely studied and linked for their alleged role in the development of PCOS. EDCs like bisphenol A (BPA), Phthalate, methoxychlor and chlorpyrifos which are present in many industrial as well as daily use products poses risk of development of various diseases. This review discusses the role of EDCS specially BPA in the pathogenesis of PCOS with study of interest identified and extracted from databases like Pub Med and Google scholars using MeSH keywords. BPA has estrogenic property and binds to oestrogen receptors α and β. Stimulation of ovarian theca cells and dysregulation of steroid biosynthesis leads to androgen overproduction. It stimulates GnRH Pulse generator, decreasing the level of LH hence fertility is affected. BPA also interact with adipose tissue receptors and causes differentiation, lipid deposition and inhibition of adiponectin. Its serum and urinary levels are found to be elevated in PCOS patient. In animal studies, it is found that BPA exposure causes impaired folliculogenesis, insulin resistance and DNA methylation. EDC exposure, especially BPA which is an integral constituent of many industrial and daily use items may cause PCOS possibly by altering androgen synthesis, adipocyte stimulation and epigenetic modification.
Clinico-etiological profile of neonates with jaundice in a tertiary care hospital of Northernmost India
Authors: Zaman Bashir U. , Lone Parvez Ahmed , Irtika  , Mir Naseer Yousuf
Published: April 2024

Background: Neonatal jaundice is the most common problem in the first week of life leading to delayed hospital discharges and readmissions. Recognizing early neonatal hyperbilirubinemia plays a pivotal role in preventing serious complications. The aim of this study was to study the clinical profile and etiological factors leading to neonatal jaundice.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), department of pediatrics, government medical college, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India over a period of 6 months (August 2023 to January 2024). A total of 400 cases were enrolled for the study. Data collection was done by history taking, clinical examination and relevant laboratory investigations.
Results: In this study, out of 400 jaundiced neonates, 236 (59%) were males and 164 (41%) were females, 342 (85.5%) were born at term and remaining 58 (14.5%) were preterm babies. Among 400 neonates studied, majority (80%) had birth weight ≥2500 gm. Only 80 (20%) had birth weight less than 2500 gm. Physiological jaundice was seen in 162 (40.5%) of the total cases. This was followed by ABO incompatibility (20%), Rh incompatibility (16.5%), sepsis (8%), idiopathic (5%), prematurity (4%), cephalhematoma (4%) and breastfeeding jaundice (2%).
Conclusions: This study concludes that physiological jaundice is the most common cause of neonatal jaundice in our hospital. This was followed by ABO incompatibility, Rh incompatibility and sepsis. This highlights the importance of appropriate monitoring of neonates with these underlying risk factors.
A study of secondary vocational school in the context of the realities of modernization changes in late imperial Russia. Review of the book: Magsumov T.A. Secondary vocational school of the Kazan educational district in the conditions of modernization of domestic education at the end of the XIX – beginning of the XX century. Kursk: Zakrytoe aktsionernoe obshchestvo «Universitetskaya kniga», 2022, 535 p.
Authors: Astafyev D. A. , Godovova E. V.
Published: April 2024

A review of the book by T.A. Magsumov: «Secondary vocational school of the Kazan educational district in the conditions of modernization of domestic education at the end of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries». The authors concluded that this study is a worthy scientific contribution to the study of secondary vocational education of late imperial Russia. The relevance of the work is determined not only by the insufficient knowledge of a number of issues relating to the field of vocational education in the context of modernization changes, but also by the potential opportunity to use the educational experience accumulated in the Russian Empire at the turn of the XIX – XX centuries to solve currently existing problems in the field of vocational education. T.A. Magsumov consistently and thoroughly presents the development of secondary vocational education in the context of imperial modernization processes during the period under study.
Perception of Prospective Biology Teacher Students on Online Lecture on Vertebrata Zoology
Authors: Aryanti Fitri , Sanjaya Yayan , Hidayat Topik , Kusnadi Kusnadi
Published: April 2024

This research aimed to describe students’ perceptions of online lectures on vertebrate zoology. This quantitative descriptive analysis was conducted through questionnaires and interviews distributed to students online. The sample in this study was 32 Biology students. The results of the study showed that 48% of the teaching and learning process needed to be carried out in a variety of ways so that students are motivated, learning objectives can be achieved, and lecturers can facilitate textbooks to be used especially for online learning. The results of the interviews showed that 96.9% of students stated that it was necessary to develop a digital-based textbook on vertebrate zoology. In line with this, 68% of students strongly agreed to add to the collection of photos of the species displayed. As many as 64% of students stated that they had a deeper curiosity about the existence of the animals being studied so that students’ awareness and concern for the environment could grow and increase their knowledge of biodiversity. In addition, as many as 52% of students agreed with using applications in identifying animals in vertebrate zoology courses as the use of technology in learning can increase student knowledge, performance, and motivation so that this study can contribute as an initial study in the development of digital textbooks of vertebrate zoology.
Keywords: perception, prospective teacher, biology, online lecture, vertebrata, zoology
Implementation of the Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning With Socioscientific Issues of Environmental Pollution to Improve Student Scientific Literacy
Authors: Pradina Anggi Oktari , . Hernani , Solihat Rini
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to analyze the implementation of the Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) model with the Socioscientific Issues (SSI) of environmental pollution in an effort to improve students’ scientific knowledge. The population in this research was 53 grade VII students at a junior high school in Bandung. The research used a quasi-experimental design with 24 multiple choice questions as the research instrument. The experimental group was taught through the POGIL model with the SSI context, while the control group was taught through a scientific approach. Based on data analysis, the n-gain category of scientific knowledge of the experimental class in content knowledge, procedural, and epistemic domains were dominant in the medium category of 50%, high of 46%, and high of 73%. The n-gain category of the control class in content knowledge, procedural, and epistemic domains was dominant in the low category of 52%, low of 41% and high of 67%. The result obtained from the t-test on normal and homogenous data showed that there was a significant difference. Based on the data analysis, the scientific literacy skill of students who received POGIL with SSI was better than students who received the scientific approach, and the attainment of students’ scientific knowledge domains was in the high category.
Keywords: implementation, inquiry learning, socioscientific issues, environmental pollution, student Literacy
Assessing the Concept Understanding Abilities of Prospective Biology Teachers
Authors: Citraningrum Mivtha , Sanjaya Yayan , Sudargo Fransisca , . Riandi
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to identify the levels of understanding of prospective biology teacher students on the concept of invertebrates based on the cognitive process dimensions of Bloom’s Taxonomy. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative. This research was conducted on 15 prospective biology teacher students. The instrument used was a multiple choice concept mastery test. Based on data analysis, the average cognitive ability of students is 69.10. The acquisition of conceptual understanding based on the dimensions of cognitive processes includes C1: 74,69; C2: 73.67; C3: 57.34; C4: 56.08, and C5: 22.34. The average score of cognitive ability showed that students’ cognitive abilities were still below the criteria for completeness set in the invertebrate zoology course.
Keywords: assessing, concept, understanding, abilities, prospective teachers, biology
Scientific Explanation Skills of Prospective Biology Teachers
Authors: Wahyu Agustina Tri , Handayani Wahyuni , Latiefatul Millah Roprop
Published: April 2024

This article investigated prospective biology teachers’ skills in compiling science explanations through writing and pictures to support their science explanations. This study involved 15 prospective biology teachers as the research sample. A test was constructed to measure their skills in writing science explanations. In this test, prospective biology teachers were asked to explain the concept of static electricity in living things. To analyze the data, we used the structure of a scientific explanation, which comprises three primary components: premise – accepted knowledge that provides the basis of the explanation, reasoning – logical sequences that follow from the premise, and outcome – the phenomenon to be explained. The reasoning component of the prospective biology teachers’ skills in presenting visual representations was poor. This finding supports the necessity of developing the skills of future biology teachers in writing science explanations.
Keywords: scientific, explanation skills, prospective teachers, biology
Analysis of Misconceptions on the Factors that Affect the Reaction Rate
Authors: Rahayu Iqlima , . Wiji , Widhiyanti Tuszie , Mulyani Sri
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to analyze the misconceptions in the chemical concept of the factors that affect reaction rates through a qualitative descriptive method. The misconceptions experienced by students were examined through analyzing journals, books, and field experiences. Furthermore, research was carried out to obtain misconceptions that were often experienced by students and the sources of those misconceptions. There were 30 misconceptions about the factors that affect the reaction rate based on the literature. Based on the results of the study, there were three misconceptions experienced by 20 students from the total number of 21 students. The misconception that most students experienced was that when the concentration of reactants increases, a reaction will take longer because there will be much more particles to collide. In addition, the rate of the same reactions was compared at different temperatures, and then the reaction with the highest temperature was defined as the rate of reaction. The next misconception was that the temperature increase in an exothermic reaction can increase the forward rate and decrease the reverse rate because the equilibrium shifts to the right. Misconceptions were caused by information from the internet, teachers teaching in schools, textbooks used by students and the everyday life experiences of students.
Keywords: misconception, chemical concept, literature
Review of Chemistry Learning Strategy Based on Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL)
Authors: Ripa Jummaro Mela , Mulyani Sri , Widhiyanti Tuszie , . Wiji
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to review the application of Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) in chemistry learning strategies by analysing reputable international journal documents between 2012 and 2022. The method used was a literature study with 47 articles on POGIL-based chemistry learning strategies. The results of the analysis showed that POGIL-based chemistry learning strategies applied to college students and high school students can improve learning achievement, self-efficacy, critical thinking, problem-solving, science processing skills, representational abilities, multiple intelligences and other skills. The chemical study materials were about basic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, biochemistry and inorganic chemistry. In addition, several researchers used the POGIL syntax at different stages from the original idea of Moog and Spencer because the design of POGIL activities adapted to the skills to be improved. Furthermore, there are limitations to the application of POGIL-based chemistry learning strategies, which require more time to implement.
Keywords: POGIL, chemistry, learning strategies
Application of The Edutok Method (Education by Tiktok) in The Osmosis Pressure Learning
Authors: Dahliana Ani , . Sari , Zenab Subarkah Cucu
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this research for describing student performance learning of osmosis pressure material by online learning assisted by social media in TikTok Apps here in after referred to as the EduTok method (Education by TikTok). The method of this research use pre-experiment with the research design of the One-Shot Case Study. The subject of this research is 39 students of Chemistry Education Study students 3rd semester in the Capita Selecta Chemistry 1 course. Data were collected by instrument using performance sheets. The result shows that in learning activities at the pre-virtual class meet session, students make a resume of material from the learning video. In the virtual meet class, students conduct discussions and work on practice questions. Students design the EduTok video project at the out-of virtual class meet session. The proportion of student performance in the pre-class virtual meeting session was 88%, the virtual class meeting session was 100%, while out-of virtual class meeting was 98% so that the average proportion of student performance, in general, was 95% classified as a very good category. Thus, the EduTok Method can be used in learning chemistry online and can measure student performance.
Keywords: osmosis pressure material, online learning, social media, tiktok
Green Chemistry and Sustainability Aspects of Ionic Liquids For Bamboo Preservatives: A Didactical Content Analysis Study
Authors: Damayanti Anita , . Hernani , Mudzakir Ahmad
Published: April 2024

Bamboo has many benefits; it can be used as a construction material and multiple products. However, bamboo has low durability and is easily attacked by fungi and termites. One way to overcome the disadvantages of bamboo is by using environmentally friendly preservatives. Engineering done with ionic liquids can be made into a bamboo preservative that is environmentally friendly and sustainable. This feature of ionic liquids can be integrated into teaching and learning on the concepts of green chemistry and sustainability. This study aimed to produce a concept map and teaching-learning sequences from scientists’ conceptions of green chemistry and sustainability on the topic of ionic liquids. The method used in this study was qualitative content analysis. The research instrument was content analysis. The content analysis processes included literature collection, descriptive analysis, category selection, and material evaluation by didactic aspects. The results of this study are in the form of a concept map, and TLS illustrate the potential consequences of bamboo. Concept map and TLS that connects the relationship between science, technology, and engineering. The results of this study can be used as a basis for designing teaching materials and didactical sequences.Keywords: bamboo, green chemistry, sustainability, ionic liquids.
Keywords: bamboo, green chemistry, sustainability, ionic liquids
Feasibility of Integrating Self-regulated Learning in Physics-STEM Module to Train Creative Thinking Skills
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Suwarma Irma Rahma , Hasanah Lilik
Published: April 2024

The teaching materials are the most important components to achieve the learning objectives for teaching and learning. A module is one of the teaching materials that is systematically designed based on curriculum and packaged into learning units, so that it can be used independently by students to achieve learning objectives. Learning objectives are oriented to 21st century skills, one of them being creative thinking skills that can be trained through STEM approach’. On the other hand, implementing STEM learning in Islamic boarding schools requires self-regulated learning. This is intended to foster student independence in order to have optimal learning achievement both academically and tahfidz. Considering that learning in Islamic boarding schools has a solid routine and demands more learning outcomes; therefore, researchers are interested in conducting research on the development of integrating self-regulated learning on physics-STEM modules to train creative thinking skills. This study uses a mixed method with a sequential exploratory design. It is intended to obtain qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data is needed to design self-regulated learning on physics-STEM module. Quantitative data is used to determine the validity of the module’s feasibility and improvement of creative thinking skills. However, this study only arrived at the feasibility of integrating self-regulated in physics-STEM module, so it emphasizes more on qualitative data. The creative thinking skill instrument was designed based on the 2021 PISA framework. The participants in this study were three lecturers of expert validators. The results showed that the validation of self-regulated learning in physics-STEM module is of very high category.
Keywords: self-regulated learning, physics-STEM module, creative thinking skills