bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propagation Effects in the FRB 20121102A Spectra
Authors: Levkov D. G. , Panin A. G. , Tkachev I. I.
Published: January 2022

We advance theoretical methods for studying propagation effects in fast radio burst (FRB) spectra. We derive their autocorrelation function in the model with diffractive lensing and strong Kolmogorov-type scintillations and analytically obtain the spectra lensed on different plasma density profiles. With these tools, we reanalyze the highest frequency 4–8 GHz data of Gajjar et al. for the repeating FRB 20121102A (FRB 121102). In the data, we discover, first, a remarkable spectral structure of almost equidistant peaks separated by 95 ± 16 MHz. We suggest that it can originate from diffractive lensing of the FRB signals on a compact gravitating object of mass 10−4
M
⊙ or on a plasma underdensity near the source. Second, the spectra include erratic interstellar, presumably Milky Way scintillations. We extract their decorrelation bandwidth 3.3 ± 0.6 MHz at reference frequency 6 GHz. The third feature is a GHz-scale pattern that, as we find, linearly drifts with time and presumably represents a wideband propagation effect, e.g., GHz-scale scintillations. Fourth, many spectra are dominated by a narrow peak at 7.1 GHz. We suggest that it can be caused by propagation through a plasma lens, e.g., in the host galaxy. Fifth, separating the propagation effects, we give strong arguments that the intrinsic progenitor spectrum has a narrow GHz bandwidth and variable central frequency. This confirms expectations from the previous observations. We discuss alternative interpretations of the above spectral features.
Microstructural and Chemical Investigations of Presolar Silicates from Diverse Stellar Environments
Authors: Sanghani Manish N. , Lajaunie Luc , Marhas Kuljeet Kaur , Rickard William D. A. , Hsiao Silver Sung-Yun , Peeters Zan , Shang Hsien , Lee Der-Chuen , Calvino José. J. , Bizzarro Martin
Published: January 2022

We report the structural and chemical investigation of nine presolar silicate grains from the CH3/CBb3 chondrite Isheyevo and CR2 chondrite Northwest Africa (NWA) 801. Five of these grains belong to group 1, likely condensed in low- to intermediate-mass asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, super-AGB stars, or core-collapse supernovae, while the remaining four grains belong to group 4 and have a supernova origin. The advanced transmission electron microscopy and associated electron spectroscopy analyses show a diverse range of chemical and structural compositions for presolar silicates. Two GEMS (glass with embedded metal and sulfide)-like silicates, each from different groups, condensed under nonequilibrium conditions in stellar outflows. Two nonstoichiometric silicates from group 1 have dissimilar formation and alteration histories. An amorphous silicate from group 1 with olivine-like [(Mg,Fe)2SiO4] composition likely formed as a crystalline olivine that subsequently amorphized in the interstellar medium. An oldhamite (CaS) grain within a stoichiometric enstatite (MgSiO3) from group 1 probably formed by heterogeneous condensation in circumstellar outflows. Of the two crystalline grains from group 4, one is an antigorite [(Mg,Fe)3Si2O5(OH)4], while the other is a nontronite [Na,Fe2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2.nH2O], both formed as a crystalline forsterite and later altered to have hydrated silicate composition. A group-4 silicate has a chemical composition similar to a low Ca-pyroxene [(Ca,Mg)(Si,Al)2O6]. Our data imply that presolar grains from different groups can have a similar range of grain-formation conditions.
EMPRESS. IV. Extremely Metal-poor Galaxies Including Very Low-mass Primordial Systems with M
* = 104–105
M
⊙ and 2%–3% (O/H): High (Fe/O) Suggestive of Metal Enrichment by Hypernovae/Pair-instability Supernovae
Authors: Isobe Yuki , Ouchi Masami , Suzuki Akihiro , Moriya Takashi J. , Nakajima Kimihiko , Nomoto Ken’ichi , Rauch Michael , Harikane Yuichi , Kojima Takashi , Ono Yoshiaki , Fujimoto Seiji , Inoue Akio K. , Kim Ji Hoon , Komiyama Yutaka , Kusakabe Haruka , Lee Chien-Hsiu , Maseda Michael , Matthee Jorryt , Michel-Dansac Leo , Nagao Tohru , Nanayakkara Themiya , Nishigaki Moka , Onodera Masato , Sugahara Yuma , Xu Yi
Published: January 2022

We present Keck/LRIS follow-up spectroscopy for 13 photometric candidates of extremely metal-poor galaxies (EMPGs) selected by a machine-learning technique applied to the deep (∼26 AB mag) optical and wide-area (∼500 deg2) Subaru imaging data in the EMPRESS survey. Nine out of the 13 candidates are EMPGs with an oxygen abundance (O/H) less than ∼10% solar value (O/H)⊙, and four sources are contaminants of moderately metal-rich galaxies or no emission-line objects. Notably, two out of the nine EMPGs have extremely low stellar masses and oxygen abundances of 5 × 104–7 × 105
M
⊙ and 2%–3% (O/H)⊙, respectively. With a sample of five EMPGs with (Fe/O) measurements, two (three) of which are taken from this study (the literature), we confirm that two EMPGs with the lowest (O/H) ratios of ∼2% (O/H)⊙ show high (Fe/O) ratios of ∼0.1, close to the solar abundance ratio. Comparing galaxy chemical enrichment models, we find that the two EMPGs cannot be explained by a scenario of metal-poor gas accretion/episodic star formation history due to their low (N/O) ratios. We conclude that the two EMPGs can be reproduced by the inclusion of bright hypernovae and/or hypothetical pair-instability supernovae (SNe) preferentially produced in a metal-poor environment. This conclusion implies that primordial galaxies at z ∼ 10 could have a high abundance of Fe that did not originate from Type Ia SNe with delays and that Fe may not serve as a cosmic clock for primordial galaxies.
Binary Formation in the Orion Nebula Cluster: Exploring the Substellar Limit
Authors: De Furio Matthew , Meyer Michael R. , Reiter Megan , Monnier John , Kraus Adam , Dupuy Trent
Published: January 2022

We present results constraining the multiplicity of the very low mass stars and substellar objects in the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC). Our sample covers primary masses 0.012–0.1 M
⊙ using archival Hubble Space Telescope data obtained with the Advanced Camera for Surveys using multiple filters. Studying the binary populations of clusters provides valuable constraints of how the birth environment affects binary formation and evolution. Prior surveys have shown that the binary populations of high-mass, high-density star clusters like the ONC may substantially differ from those in low-mass associations. Very low mass stellar and substellar binaries at wide separations, >20 au, are statistically rare in the Galactic field and have been identified in stellar associations like Taurus-Auriga and Ophiuchus. They also may be susceptible to dynamical interactions, and their formation may be suppressed by feedback from ongoing star formation. We implement a double point-spread function (PSF) fitting algorithm using empirical, position-dependent PSF models to search for binary companions at projected separations >10 au (0.″025). With this technique, we identify seven very low mass binaries, five of which are new detections, resulting in a binary frequency of

12

−
3.2

+
6

%

over mass ratios of 0.5–1.0 and projected separations of 20–200 au. We find an excess of very low mass binaries in the ONC compared to the Galactic field, with a probability of 10−6 that the populations are statistically consistent. The substellar population of the ONC may require further dynamical processing of the lowest binding energy binaries to resemble the field population.
Detection of Gravity Modes in RR Lyrae Stars
Authors: Chadid Merieme
Published: January 2022

We report the detection of gravity modes in RR Lyrae stars. Thanks to Photometer AntarctIca eXtinction (PAIX), the first Antarctic polar photometer. Unprecedented and uninterrupted UBVRI time-series photometric ground-based data are collected during 150 days from the highest plateau of Antarctica. PAIX light-curve analyses reveal an even richer power spectrum with mixed modes in RR Lyrae stars. The nonlinear nature of several dominant peaks, showing lower and higher frequencies, occurs around the dominant fundamental radial pressure mode. These lower frequencies and harmonics linearly interact with the dominant fundamental radial pressure mode and its second and third overtone pressure modes, as well. Half-integer frequencies are also detected, likewise side-peak structures, demonstrating that HH Puppis is a bona-fide Blazhko star. Fourier correlations are used to derive underlying physical characteristics for HH Puppis. The most striking finding is the direct detection of gravity waves. We interpret the excitation mechanism of gravity waves in RR Lyrae stars by the penetrative convection-driving mechanism. We demonstrate that RR Lyrae stars’ pulsation is excited by several distinct mechanisms, and hence RR Lyrae stars are simultaneously g-mode and p-mode pulsators. Our discoveries make RR Lyrae stars very challenging stellar objects, and provide their potential to undergo at the same time g and p modes toward an advancement of the theory of stellar evolution and a better understanding of the universe.
Deep Learning of the Eddington Tensor in Core-collapse Supernova Simulation
Authors: Harada Akira , Nishikawa Shota , Yamada Shoichi
Published: January 2022

We trained deep neural networks (DNNs) as a function of the neutrino energy density, flux, and the fluid velocity to reproduce the Eddington tensor for neutrinos obtained in our first-principles core-collapse supernova simulation. Although the moment method, which is one of the most popular approximations for neutrino transport, requires a closure relation, none of the analytical closure relations commonly employed in the literature capture all aspects of the neutrino angular distribution in momentum space. In this paper, we develop a closure relation by using DNNs that take the neutrino energy density, flux, and the fluid velocity as the inputs and the Eddington tensor as the output. We consider two kinds of DNNs: a conventional DNN, named a component-wise neural network (CWNN), and a tensor-basis neural network (TBNN). We find that the diagonal component of the Eddington tensor is better reproduced by the DNNs than the M1 closure relation, especially for low to intermediate energies. For the off-diagonal component, the DNNs agree better with the Boltzmann solver than the M1 closure relation at large radii. In the comparison between the two DNNs, the TBNN displays slightly better performance than the CWNN. With these new closure relations at hand, based on DNNs that well reproduce the Eddington tensor at much lower costs, we have opened up a new possibility for the moment method.
From the Fire: A Deeper Look at the Phoenix Stream
Authors: Tavangar K. , Ferguson P. , Shipp N. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Koposov S. , Erkal D. , Balbinot E. , García-Bellido J. , Kuehn K. , Lewis G. F. , Li T. S. , Mau S. , Pace A. B. , Riley A. H. , Abbott T. M. C. , Aguena M. , Allam S. , Andrade-Oliveira F. , Annis J. , Bertin E. , Brooks D. , Burke D. L. , Carnero Rosell A. , Carrasco Kind M. , Carretero J. , Costanzi M. , da Costa L. N. , Pereira M. E. S. , De Vicente J. , Diehl H. T. , Everett S. , Ferrero I. , Flaugher B. , Frieman J. , Gaztanaga E. , Gerdes D. W. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Gutierrez G. , Hinton S. R. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , James D. J. , Kuropatkin N. , Maia M. A. G. , Marshall J. L. , Menanteau F. , Miquel R. , Morgan R. , Ogando R. L. C. , Palmese A. , Paz-Chinchón F. , Pieres A. , Plazas Malagón A. A. , Rodriguez-Monroy M. , Sanchez E. , Scarpine V. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Smith M. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Tarle G. , To C. , Varga T. N. , Walker A. R. ,   (DES Collaboration)
Published: January 2022

We use 6 yr of data from the Dark Energy Survey to perform a detailed photometric characterization of the Phoenix stellar stream, a 15° long, thin, dynamically cold, low-metallicity stellar system in the Southern Hemisphere. We use natural splines, a nonparametric modeling technique, to simultaneously fit the stream track, width, and linear density. This updated stream model allows us to improve measurements of the heliocentric distance (17.4 ± 0.1 (stat.) ±0.8 (sys.) kpc) and distance gradient (−0.009 ± 0.006 kpc deg−1) of Phoenix, which corresponds to a small change of 0.13 ± 0.09 kpc in heliocentric distance along the length of the stream. We measure linear intensity variations on degree scales, as well as deviations in the stream track on ∼2° scales, suggesting that the stream may have been disturbed during its formation and/or evolution. We recover three peaks and one gap in linear intensity along with fluctuations in the stream track. Compared to other thin streams, the Phoenix stream shows more fluctuations and, consequently, the study of Phoenix offers a unique perspective on gravitational perturbations of stellar streams. We discuss possible sources of perturbations to Phoenix, including baryonic structures in the Galaxy and dark matter subhalos.
The Preprocessing of Galaxies in the Early Stages of Cluster Formation in Abell 1882 at z = 0.139
Authors: Sengupta Aparajita , Keel William C. , Morrison Glenn , Windhorst Rogier A. , Miller Neal , Smith Brent
Published: January 2022

A rare opportunity to distinguish between internal and environmental effects on galaxy evolution is afforded by “SuperGroups,” systems that are rich and massive, but include several comparably rich substructures, surrounded by filaments. We present here a multiwavelength photometric and spectroscopic study of the galaxy population in the SuperGroup Abell 1882 (A1882) at z = 0.139, combining new data from the MMT and Hectospec with archival results from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the Nasa/IPAC Extragalactic Database, the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph, and the Galaxy Evolution Explorer. These provide spectroscopic classifications for 526 member galaxies, across wide ranges of local density and velocity dispersion. We identify three prominent filaments along which galaxies seem to be entering the SuperGroup (mostly in E–W directions). A1882 has a well-populated red sequence, containing most galaxies with stellar mass >1010.5
M
Sun, and a pronounced color–density relation even within its substructures. Thus, galaxy evolution responds to the external environment as strongly in these unrelaxed systems as we find in rich and relaxed clusters. From these data, local density remains the primary factor, with a secondary role for distance from the inferred center of the entire structure’s potential well. The effects on star formation, as traced by optical and near-UV colors, depend on galaxy mass. We see changes in lower-mass galaxies (M < 1010.5
M
Sun) at four times the virial radius of major substructures, while the more massive near-UV Green Valley galaxies show low levels of star formation within two virial radii. The suppression of star formation (“quenching”) occurs in the infall regions of these structures even before the galaxies enter the denser group environment.
Planetary Accretion Shocks with a Realistic Equation of State
Authors: Chen 陈 Zhuo 卓 , Bai 白 Xuening 雪宁
Published: January 2022

The final stage of gas giant formation involves accreting gas from the parent protoplanetary disk. In general, the infalling gas likely approaches a freefall velocity, creating an accretion shock, leading to strong shock heating and radiation. We investigate the kinematics and energetics of such accretion shocks using 1D radiation hydrodynamic simulations. Our simulations feature the first self-consistent treatment of hydrogen dissociation and ionization, radiation transport, and realistic gray opacity. By exploring a broad range of giant-planet masses (0.1–3M
J) and accretion rates (10−3–10−2
M
⊕ yr−1), we focus on global shock efficiency and the final entropy of the accreted gas. We find that radiation from the accretion shock can fully disassociate the molecular hydrogen of the incoming gas when the shock luminosity is above a critical luminosity. Meanwhile, the post-shock entropy generally falls into “cold” (≲12k
B/m
H) and “hot” (≳16k
B/m
H) groups which depend on the extent of the endothermic process of H2 dissociation. While 2D or 3D simulations are needed for more realistic understandings of the accretion process, this distinction likely carries over and sheds light on the interpretation of young direct imaging planets.
Stress Level to Dietary Habits among Adolescent in Indonesia during COVID 19 Outbreak: A Nationwide Survey
Authors: Yunianto Andi Eka , Fadly Dzul , Abdurrahmat Asepsuryana , Laksmini Puji , Indah Windi , Fauziyah A’immatul , Triatmaja Nining Tyas , Kushargina Rosyanne , Sutrio Sutrio , Lusiana Sanya Anda , Darawat Made
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: To suppress the COVID-19 transmissions, almost all activities related to physical and social activities between individuals are restricted. Activity restrictions such as lockdowns or physical-social distancing can trigger an elevation in stress.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the correlation between stress levels and food habits among adolescents in Indonesia.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire involving 5924 adolescents in all regions in Indonesia using the snowball sampling technique.

RESULTS: The survey showed that most adolescents experienced high stress (55.6%). During the COVID-19 outbreak, they seemed rarely consumed or had an intake frequency of fewer than 3 times a day on carbohydrates (89.1%), animal protein (87.5%), vegetable protein (88.9%), vegetables (84.8%), fruit (90.6%), and snacks (86.3%). Statistically, their stress level did not significantly correlate to the consumption of those carbohydrates, animal protein, vegetable protein, vegetables, and fruit (p > 0.05), except for snacks (p < 0.002) at α = 0.05. Thus, the high-stress level was 1.267 times more at risk of snacking habit more often (more than 3 times a day) among adolescents in Indonesia during the COVID-19 outbreak.

CONCLUSION: Stress level did not significantly correlate to the consumption of those carbohydrates, animal protein, vegetable protein, vegetables, and fruit. However, stress levels did not significantly correlate to snacks consumption.
Traité de bioéthique
Authors: Adda Gilles
Published: January 2022

Médecine de précision, aide au diagnostic, recherche en génétique, épidémiologie, santé publique, les Big Data semblent devoir intervenir de manière déterminante dans la médecine de demain, si ce n’est d’aujourd’hui. Les problèmes éthiques posés par les Big Data et les systèmes d’apprentissage automatique les utilisant doivent pouvoir être évalués par tous les citoyens, et pas seulement les experts. Cela passe par une définition précise de ce que sont les Big Data et des conditions dans lesquelles ils peuvent être mis en œuvre.
Traité de bioéthique
Authors: Briffault Xavier
Published: January 2022

Les technologies informatiques mobiles connectées intègrent peu à peu le champ de la santé mentale. Par le potentiel d’extension ubiquitaire d’observation et d’action qu’elles offrent, elles sont susceptibles d’avoir un impact majeur sur les modalités théoriques, pratiques et éthiques du soin en santé mentale. Les extensions spatio-temporelles, thématiques, relationnelles de la consultation traditionnelle, et l’augmentation du pouvoir d’agir des patients sont susceptibles d’entraîner une déconstruction massive des catégories d’entendement qui organisent le champ de la médecine mentale et des reconfigurations fondamentales du champ, qu’il est nécessaire d’anti-ciper dès à présent.
Traité de bioéthique
Authors: Chatila Raja
Published: January 2022

Plusieurs projets de recherche, notamment au Japon, ainsi que certains industriels, principalement aux États-Unis, développent et réalisent des robots androïdes, visant une ressemblance au mieux avec l’être humain. Les motivations des uns et des autres sont diverses, mais ce qui les unit – outre la forme du robot –, c’est l’absence de toute considération éthique concernant leurs études ou leurs réalisations. Ces systèmes suscitent cependant des questionnements. Par leur apparence et leurs comportements, ils amènent à s’interroger sur ce qu’est l’être humain par rapport à la machine. Par l’usage qu’en font leurs concepteurs ou leurs fabricants, ils posent la question de la place et du statut du robot dans la société humaine.
Inflammatory markers in response to interval and continuous exercise in obese women
Authors: Andarianto A. , Rejeki P.S. , Sakina  , Pranoto A. , Seputra T.W. Aga , Sugiharto  , Miftahussurur M.
Published: January 2022

Obesity is strongly associated with the degree of inflammation characterised by proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Lifestyle modification with exercise is the right strategy because it can stimulate interleukin 6 (IL-6) secretion which acts as an anti-inflammatory. This study aimed to analyse the response of interval and continuous exercise to inflammatory markers in obese women. Twenty-four women participated in this study and were randomly divided into 3 groups: CONG (n=8, control group without any intervention): MCEG (n=8, continuous exercise group) and MIEG (n=8, interval exercise group). ELISA was used to measure the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, pre-exercise and post-exercise. The data were analysed using the paired sample t-test. The mean levels of TNF-α, pre-exercise and post-exercise, were 19.35±2.73 vs 19.36±2.23 pg/ml (P=0.989) in CONG, 19.42±2.79 vs 16.63±0.82 pg/ml (P=0.017) in MCEG, and 19.46±3.08 vs 16.96±2.11 pg/ml (P=0.079) in MIEG. Mean levels of IL-6, pre-exercise and post-exercise, were 7.56±2.88 vs 7.66±4.12 pg/ml (P=0.957) for CONG, 7.68±3.41 vs 13.97±2.38 pg/ml (P=0.001) for MCEG, and 7.78±1.99 vs 13.66±3.55 pg/ml (P=0.001) for MIEG. We concluded that interval and continuous exercise decreased pro-inflammatory and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines.
An Authoring Tool for Generating Context Awareness Mobile Game Based Learning
Authors: Bennis Lamyae , Kandali Khalid , Bennis Hamid
Published: January 2022

Game-Based Learning (GBL) has become extensively used in Technology-Enhanced Learning (TEL) as a substitute for traditional education methods. Moreover, research has been done in this field proves that it’s very interesting for Learning Game (LG) designers to integrate the latest technologies in order to augment GBL efficiency and to reach more learners. On the other hand, context awareness and adaptation are a crucial aspect in mobile game-based learning. It is thus necessary to place at the disposal of the learner player an adaptive mobile game based learning according to the context. However, the contextualisation in the training is not easy to reach. The diversity of mobile technologies and dynam-ics in mobile environments complicate the process of contextualisation. Further-more, migration and implementation of these novel technologies can be very pricey and require more informatics knowledge and time, which can lead to a huge loss. Thus, the main purpose of this article is to present the proposed e-Adventure architecture using the ZeroCouplage multi-platform Framework that was introduced to solve this problem. We code once and the context awareness for mobile game-based learning is automatically generated.
Research on the Relationship between Students’ Learning Adaptability and Learning Satisfaction under the Mobile Media Environment
Authors: Liu Guanghui
Published: January 2022

The effective realization of the balance between the supply and demand of students’ personalized learning and the shortage of offline classroom teaching resources is of great significance to large-scale online learning. Based on the relevant theories of learning adaptability, this paper analyzes the five dimensions of students’ learning adaptability to learning satisfaction in the mobile social media environment and studies the mediating effect of mobile social media familiarity on students’ learning adaptability and learning satisfaction. The results show that the Cronbach’s α coefficient of the overall questionnaire is 0.930 and the KMO value is 0.873, indicating that the research data have good reliability and validity. Learning motivation, teaching model, learning ability, learning attitude, and learning environment have a significant positive effect on learning satisfaction. The average learning satisfaction of students not familiar with the use of mobile social media (3.70 ± 0.55) is significantly lower than that of students familiar with using mobile social media (4.00 ± 0.46). The research results of this paper provide data support and strategic reference for how to effectively use the fragmented content of mobile social media and provide high-quality online learning support services.
Periódicos publicados en francés en España durante el Trienio Liberal
Authors: Dufour Gérard
Published: January 2022

Este artículo constituye el primer estudio sobre los cuatro periódicos escritos en francés publicados en España durante el Trienio Liberal: L’Écho de l’Europe, Le Régulateur, L’Observateur espagnol y La Boussole. A excepción de este último título, cuya existencia tan solo conocemos por un par de anuncios de su primer número en la prensa española y francesa, se analiza en qué condiciones aparecieron, se editaron y se difundieron estas publicaciones; la trayectoria vital e ideológica de sus redactores (respectivamente, Bousquet-Deschamps, Chapuis y Voidet) así como el impacto que tuvieron no solo en publicaciones españolas, francesas y europeas, sino también en los medios diplomáticos franceses y británicos, especialmente por lo que se refiere a Le Régulateur y L’Observateur espagnol, a los que se consideraba como portavoces estipendiados de los ministros Bardají y San Miguel. Un amplio apéndice reproduce los siete números de L’Écho de l’Europe conservados por la Biblioteca Nacional de España, un ejemplar de Le Régulateur que se halla en la biblioteca del Congreso de los diputados, así como fragmentos y extractos (en francés o traducidos al castellano) reproducidos en publicaciones contemporáneas.
L’écho de la révolution espagnole de 1820 dans la presse italienne : le cas du Royaume des Deux-Siciles
Authors: Delpu Pierre-Marie
Published: January 2022

L’article met en évidence l’écho médiatique de la révolution débutée en Espagne en janvier 1820 dans la presse italienne, à partir du cas du Royaume des Deux-Siciles où l’insurrection espagnole a été érigée en modèle par les libéraux napolitains, à partir du soulèvement qu’ils ont provoqué début juillet 1820. L’attention portée à la Constitution de Cadix et à l’actualité parlementaire espagnole s’explique par le fait qu’elles soient considérées comme expérimentales, afin d’installer un régime libéral à Naples. En s’appuyant à la fois sur la presse d’information et sur les revues d’opinion napolitaines et palermitaines, particulièrement attentives à l’actualité politique espagnole, il s’agit de mettre en évidence les processus d’édification construits autour de cette dernière, mais aussi les débats qu’elle suscite au sein de la société civile napolitaine.
¿Interés o utilización? Los comienzos del Trienio Liberal en la prensa británica (1820)
Authors: Laspra Rodríguez Alicia
Published: January 2022

El inicio del Trienio Liberal español tuvo un impacto inusitado en la prensa británica de todas las tendencias. A medida que tenían lugar las diferentes fases de su implantación, España pasó a ser en Inglaterra un referente de la lucha contra el despotismo y a favor de una revolución pacífica e ilustrada de las instituciones. El presente trabajo pretende ofrecer una panorámica de todo este proceso a la luz de los sucesivos reportajes de los periódicos más representativos.
La Gazeta de Vitoria (23 de agosto – 11 de noviembre de 1808)
Authors: Dufour Gérard , Viana Patxi
Published: January 2022

Cela fait presque 30 ans que les historiens ont été informés de la présence, à la bibliothèque du Séminaire Diocésain de Vitoria-Gasteiz, d’une collection complète du journal officiel que fit publier Joseph I quand il dut, avec ce qui lui restait de sa cour, se réfugier dans la capitale de l’Alava, la Gazeta de la Corte, qui devint rapidement la Gazeta de Vitoria. Et pourtant, ce périodique n’a été jusqu’à présent ni utilisé, ni analysé par les chercheurs. Cet article vient combler cette lacune et le lecteur y trouvera la description de cette publication et de son rythme de parution, des précisions sur ceux qui purent en l’être l’éditeur et les rédacteurs ; une analyse de son contenu qui révèle que la Gazeta de Vitoria fut également une gazette de l’Empire sous contrôle de l’empereur des français et roi d’Italie, le rôle que Joseph I joua dans son orientation, sa diffusion dans tout le royaume, ( aussi bien les territoires occupés par les troupe impériales que dans l’Espagne libre) : son écho dans la presse française et sa disparition quand Joseph abandonna Vitoria à la suite de son frère Napoléon. Deux appendices complètent ce travail : le premier est constitué par la liste des décrets et ordonnances signés par le roi publiés dans la gazette ; le second par la publication de l’intégralité des numéros conservés à la bibliothèque diocésaine de Vitoria-Gasteiz, exemplaires qui témoignent de la naissance de la presse de cette ville et, par là-même, du Pays Basque.
El Mensajero. Diario universal de política, literatura y artes (15 de abril-30 de junio de 1820), el último periódico redactado por Pedro María Olive a principios del Trienio Liberal
Authors: Cavaillon Giomi Joan
Published: January 2022

Este artículo presenta y analiza El Mensajero. Diario universal de política, literatura y artes (15 de abril-30 de junio de 1820), último periódico editado por Pedro María Olive y reproducido en apéndice (© British Library Board, 1820 NEWS13000 NPL, 44 p.). En este estudio, continuación de las investigaciones que emprendimos sobre la trayectoria periodística e ideológica de este famoso polígrafo tanto a finales del siglo XVIII como durante la Guerra de la Independencia con la publicación de las Efemérides del ciudadano español, se aborda igualmente el pensamiento político desconocido del redactor a principios del Trienio Liberal.
¿Identidades en crisis? los discursos identitarios en la prensa espectatorial española y francesa
Authors: Hobisch Elisabeth
Published: January 2022

L’objectif de cet article est d’étudier le discours sur l’identité nationale dans les spectateurs espagnols et francophones. Ce genre journalistique littéraire est né en Angleterre au début du XVIIIe siècle et a été diffusé  dans le monde occidental. Il sert de laboratoire littéraire aux auteures et auteurs ainsi qu’aux lecteurs et anticipe les stratégies littéraires qui marqueront le développement du roman au XIXe siècle. Sur un ton agréable et à l’aide de micro-narrations montrant la vie quotidienne, les auteures et auteurs des périodiques disséminent les nouvelles normes sociales des Lumières auprès de la bourgeoisie émergente. Dans cet article, nous allons donc d’abord traiter brièvement des caractéristiques des spectateurs. Ensuite, nous examinerons le cadre idéologique du discours sur l’identité nationale au XVIIIe siècle et la relation étroite entre l’historiographie et la narration. Enfin, nous verrons à quel moment historique et avec quels dispositifs discursifs l’identité nationale est traitée dans les spectateurs espagnols et francophones.
Bring the Power of Music Into Education
Authors: Akutsu Taichi , Amano Kazuya , Hirahara Kimie , Kishi Kumiko , Osuga Eriko , Terada Hirotaka , Yoda Machiko
Published: January 2022

This study aims to utilize music to improve learners' motivation, communication, as well as all subject matters other than music, and to nurture human resources that will contribute to the creation of “symbiosis” society. By creating a new teaching learning model for recurrent education for in-service P-12 teachers in Japan, the study specifically presents several model classes to let the participating teachers plan the “Utilizing Music.” For training, they use active learning methods such as PBL with core communication among students. The data were gathered by asking all of the participants to answer an open-ended questionnaire after each session and to analyze their sample lesson plans after they received the instruction. Findings suggests that there were certain resistances in teachers to change their teaching to be more interdisciplinary and shifted to kyosei-based; however, most of the participants absorbed the proposed idea and created lessons in a new direction.
Didactic Proposal for Physical Education for Three-Year Olds in Early Childhood Education
Authors: Ruiz Carmen Delgado , Ponce Elena Portero , Vela Elena González , Álvarez María Muñoz
Published: January 2022

Throughout this chapter the authors are going to present a didactic proposal, called “Lights, Camera, and Action” that is arranged to be carried out with three-year-old boys and girls and consists of five sessions, which will be spread over 15 days, and physical activity will be performed twice a week. In this proposal, topics like the typical in the performing arts such as circus, theater, dance, and music are explored. In this playful and motivating way, physical activity will be promoted, through our own content such as jumps, turns, and different types of balance. The didactic proposal contains objectives, competences, and contents, regulated by the Curriculum Decree 67/2007 establishing Early Childhood Education in the Autonomous Community of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain).
Learning Programming Fundamentals via Music
Authors: Lavy Ilana
Published: January 2022

This article describes a unique ongoing experience of learning programming via engagement in music programming of known melodies. Seventh and eighth graders participated in 10 lessons of weekly activity. Via the programming of melodies, using the Scratch 2.0 environment, they became acquainted with basic concepts of programming such as methods, variables, repetition and control commands, parallel processes, and more. The study was conducted in the form of an action research. The study units were designed in the spirit of the spiral learning method, in which the learning concepts are revisited several times while their level of complexity rises. From the data analyzed so far, four categories emerged: enjoyment, interest, gaining programming knowledge, and experiencing feelings of success. The students were enthusiastic during the learning lessons, and they were curious to learn and use advanced concepts. The music programming provided them with practical meaning for the learned programming structures and concepts.
Sharing Our Narratives on Developing Our Practice in Online Music Pedagogy
Authors: Johnson Carol , Lamothe Virginia Christy , Narita Flávia Motoyama , Clark Imogen N. , Mulholland Joseph E. , Meyers Nicholaus
Published: January 2022

This chapter begins with an introduction focused on the importance of instructor's reflection on his/her teaching practices and pedagogy through the theoretical lens of Schön's work on reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action. Five case narratives are presented that highlight instructors at different entry points into their experiences of teaching music online. The narratives outline significant learning processes that took place as instructors continued on their journey in teaching music online. The implications raised from the narratives identify the need for effective online learning systems for music, institutional support for instructors teaching music online, and a need for online music instructors to have resilience and adaptability when teaching music online. Additionally, the various contexts of teaching music online signals a need for future research in the areas of: active learning for online music courses, appropriate technology tools available with a LMS, and collaborative online music tasks for effective student learning outcomes.
One Post and Two Responses
Authors: Alcorn Allison A.
Published: January 2022

This chapter considers the online discussion forum in music education. It begins with an overview of factors leading to faculty frustration with online discussions before considering how discussions fit within the context of several prominent learning theories, including Connectivism and Collaborativism, which specifically address the online platform. Particular challenges are explored and include post lengths, quality, language/style, group size, heated discussion, and faculty involvement in the ongoing conversation. The chapter concludes by offering a “toolbox” of best practice ideas in online discussion. Through use of examples, the section seeks to help faculty move beyond the tried and tired format of one post and two responses.
Music for Everyone to Participate
Authors: Akutsu Taichi
Published: January 2022

This chapter focuses on multiple perspectives to view children's creativity and to offer a practical guide to implement Gardner's multiple intelligence to music teaching and learning. This chapter offers a theoretical framework for music teachers and learners of music to understand the process of offering musical activities in which everyone may participate. Peer-to-peer learning and sharing musical enjoyment are the heart of music for everyone to participate, to build a musical community. The music itself entails getting along with others and especially dealing with differences. By nature, the music contains the elements of listening to and engaging with different voices, timbre, texture, and world culture. Music invites everyone to participate via various entry points by playing, singing, dancing, and in any other art form. This chapter proposes musical activities and creative ideas that best represent the shared sense of learning from each other and to build a musical community for everyone to participate.
Open Inquiry as a Bridge Between Formal and Informal Lifelong Online Learning
Authors: Schmidt-Jones Catherine A.
Published: January 2022

Many music educators have noted a gulf between what is taught in music courses and students' own interests. Technology not only offers various means to help bridge that gulf; it has also created a fast-paced world in which success may depend on the ability to continue learning throughout life. Using online open education resources to support course projects involving open-ended inquiry can help bridge the gulf between curriculum and student goals in ways that prepare students for lifelong learning. The breadth of offerings on the open Internet make personalized course projects feasible, and students may need the guided practice in using them to reach their learning goals. This chapter discusses an action research project which facilitated the inquiries of self-motivated adult online music learners in order to better understand their needs and experiences. Communities of practice, flexible processes, and learner familiarity with inquiry emerged as key issues.
Playing Together
Authors: Lock Jennifer , Johnson Carol
Published: January 2022

Music education, like many disciplines, is transitioning to the online environment, which impacts the learning landscape. This transition, along with a mindshift by instructors, requires careful consideration of the theoretical underpinnings needed to inform the design, facilitation and assessment to create conditions where students are actively engaged in learning and meaning making. The affordance of digital technologies (e.g., synchronous and asynchronous, multimedia) provides a means for creating and articulating knowledge. This chapter discusses online learning and explores the nature of constructivist and social-constructivist theories and how they can be applied in the design, facilitation, and assessment of online music education. Examples of constructivist learning in online music courses are shared for the purpose of examining how technology can be used to support the learning outcomes grounded on social constructivism. The chapter concludes with directions for future research and implications for practice.
Musical Pedagogy for Social Goals
Authors: Akutsu Taichi
Published: January 2022

This chapter introduces a vision of music education that aims towards enjoyable music learning in a shared sense. When we discuss the social aspect of music teaching and learning, we need to pay special attention in several different ways to pass the tradition of music simply because music is the live tradition. The music transcends and transforms and melts into our contemporary society. At the same time, at a different level, professional orchestral musicians and conductors devote their lives to understanding the music more deeply, in order to recreate the composers' message by adding their own interpretation and personal feeling. There is no single stance towards music, and our children may need to experience and know various musical works from the originals and arrangements, and even replicate some of the works themselves to learn how to compose. By remaining tolerant in our views to perceive various types of music, we can expand the possibilities of the music of our time, and music of all communities.
Flow Pedagogy for Strings Education
Authors: Akutsu Taichi
Published: January 2022

Chapter 4 addresses practical approaches of teaching and learning for string instruments to facilitate learners' flow experience throughout the learning activities. Contemporary string pedagogy is heavily reliant on traditional methods. In this chapter, the author proposes an alternative idea for teaching the basics of string playing (e.g., violin) by providing musical and teaching examples, environment, and episodes. The practice is constructed based upon observable flow experience of strings learners derived from the author's pedagogical practice both in the U.S. and in Japan. This chapter describes appropriate strings learning activities, content, and repertoire for children from ages 0 to 12 and can be easily adapted to suit older learners.
Financial Market Infrastructure and Implementation of Blockchain Technology
Authors: Jameel Kiran , Rafiq Asim
Published: January 2022

Blockchain is very crucial for paving new ways for how economies will function in the future, as it helps in eliminating intermediaries and thus saving time and cost. Various important uses of this new blockchain technology have been highlighted, but research and practice are still in their formative phases. The core objective of this study is to describe the impact of blockchain on existing and novel business prototypes while managing operational risk. Consequently, the authors pinpoint five similarities that improve the understanding of how blockchain technology affects current financial structure and creates new business models. This research suggested using these findings to ascertain further designs initiated by blockchain and how firms can use it to revolutionize its business model. Though there are many favorable uses of this new technology, inquiry and established procedures are still in their embryonic stages, which means it will take some time before blockchain's impact is felt on a larger scale.
Pitfalls and Challenges of Blockchain in Supply Chain and Logistics
Authors: Ullah Asad , Imran Shahid
Published: January 2022

The potential impact of block chain on supply chain management has been explored by many authors, and indeed, many articles in the popular press extol the benefits of blockchain in supply chain management. In simple terms, blockchain is a distributed ledger system, or a record book, except that it is not maintained by a single person but by anyone who is interested in keeping the records. Since blockchain is a new and revolutionary concept in technology, more techies are interested in it. However, it also has certain disadvantages. The purpose of this study is to explain the challenges and pitfalls of blockchain in supply chain and logistics. Using a systematic literature review method, this chapter identifies 31 publications that discuss the challenges and pitfalls associated with blockchain in supply chain and logistics.
Holistic and Critical Perspective to Politics of Dress and the Female Body in Workplace Settings
Authors: Ertekin Zeynep Ozdamar
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to bring a more holistic, inclusive, and critical perspective to discussions on the politics of the female body and dress in workplace settings. It aims to explore the struggles and experiences of women in the business environment with regards to ‘looking the part' and the role dress and bodily adornment play in construction and expression of their workplace identities. It will further discuss the role dress might have as signifier of status and power and the ambiguities related to age, body image, sexuality, and identity at work. Furthermore, most of the prior studies on dress acknowledge fashion as a Western phenomenon ignoring the role of dress in non-Western cultures. Therefore, this chapter also aims to discuss how might these conflicts differ in a non-Western context. Finally, considering that during the COVID-19 pandemic image management has shifted to a virtual world, creating further challenges for women, the chapter will conclude by shedding light on these struggles and presenting ideas for the future of work dress code.
How Two Became One
Authors: Yaşdağ Meltem
Published: January 2022

This chapter is about the houses of Alaçam in the province of Samsun in Turkey, which is one of the settlements experiencing the compulsory migration under the “Convention and Protocol Concerning the Exchange of the Turkish and Greek Peoples” signed on 30th January 1923 by the Turkish and Greek delegations. The author describes the layout plan, construction materials, and façade characteristics of the buildings accompanied by the historical background related to the pre- and post-population exchange period of Alaçam. Further, information is provided about how the Orthodox Greeks of Turkish nationality and Moslems of Greek nationality used the houses, the changes depending on their use by both communities, and their present condition. In this chapter, the author tries to establish the association of the traditional house architecture in the Black Sea Region with the “history of exchange” for the first time in literature.
An Overview of Muqarnas in Armenian Architecture in the Context of Cultural Interaction
Authors: Telli Hale
Published: January 2022

Throughout history, cultures have been in more or less cultural interaction with each other. One of the areas where these interactions manifest themselves is architecture, architectural decoration. In this study, the reflections of muqarnas, which is an Islamic architectural decoration method, on Armenian architecture was examined. The muqarnas decoration that have developed since the Seljuk period are also seen in Armenian architecture in the same period. The examples of muqarnas decoration, which developed according to the centuries in Islamic architecture, also differ according to geography and centuries in Armenian architecture. In this chapter, a general evaluation of muqarnas seen in Armenian architecture has been made. References are made to similar examples in Anatolia with brief information about muqarnas buildings. It is thought that rulers and donors play an important role in the choice of decoration with muqarnas.