bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GEOVISUALIZATION AND GEOVISUAL ANALYTICS FOR SMART CITY PLANNING AND DESIGN
Authors: Ogunmodede Peace
Published: December 2023

Rapid urbanization has created numerous challenges for cities globally. Smart city initiatives that leverage data and technology have emerged as an approach to address urban challenges through evidence-based planning and management. In this context, geovisualization and geovisual analytics have become valuable tools that allow urban planners, designers and decision-makers to gain insights from spatial data through interactive visualization, computational analysis and exploration. This paper undertakes a comprehensive review of the state of these geospatial intelligence technologies in enabling smarter city planning and design. It highlights the rising importance of geovisualization and analytics in understanding multifaceted urban dynamics. The paper explains how representing statistical data in visual spatial contexts reveals geographic patterns leading to meaningful insights for decision making. It demonstrates applications across use cases spanning land use suitability analysis, transportation planning, energy optimization, public participation and emergency response. The paper also identifies key limitations around data availability, technical skills, organizational integration and ethical risks that deter adoption at scale. It suggests potential solutions like stakeholder training programs, streamlined data policies, decentralized privacy-preserving platforms and communication of uncertainty. This study contributes by revealing the immense potential of geointelligence tools in enabling evidence-based urban policymaking while also highlighting real-world constraints that require focused interventions for assimilation at scale. The suggested future research directions can guide policy makers and technology leaders to harness geospatial capabilities for data-driven governance and human-centric smart city development.
JURIDICIDADE DA EXIGÊNCIA DOS PROGRAMAS DE INTEGRIDADE NAS CONTRATAÇÕES PÚBLICAS À LUZ DOS PRINCÍPIOS NORTEADORES DO PROCESSO LICITATÓRIO
Authors: Duarte Ferreira Eduarda , Tramarin Hoffmann Luísa , Back Natacha
Published: December 2023

A presente pesquisa tematiza os programas de integridade inseridos no âmbito das licitações e contratos administrativos, notadamente quanto à juridicidade da instituição do dever legal de sua implementação como condição para a concretização da contratação administrativa. Nesse viés, questiona-se se essa obrigatoriedade encontra respaldo nos princípios que norteiam a legislação licitatória e nos valores insculpidos no art. 37 da Constituição Federal de 1988. Utilizou-se o método dedutivo e descritivo, a partir de revisão teórica doutrinária, a fim de investigar qual a fundamentação jurídica utilizada por pesquisadores e especialistas contrários e favoráveis à instituição dessa exigência, de modo a contrapor os argumentos sustentados por ambos os setores doutrinários a respeito do debate. Ao fim, constatou-se que, em que pesem as compreensíveis preocupações de juristas no tocante a uma suposta ameaça aos princípios da competitividade, isonomia concorrencial e eficiência, não é possível afirmar que a exigência dos programas de integridade violaria tais valores, ao menos não pela forma posta hoje na legislação, na qual resta observado o necessário caráter concorrencial das licitações públicas, não havendo prejuízo à vantajosidade ou eficiência.
Metastatic Cholangiocarcinoma Presenting as Colonic Obstruction
Authors: Protopapadakis Yianni , Lamm Kevin , Baber Joseph
Published: December 2023

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a biliary epithelial cancer conferring a grim prognosis. Metastatic recurrence of CCA is often discovered because of symptoms stemming from the site of metastasis. It is rarely reported that colonic obstruction serves as the presenting symptom of disease recurrence. We report the unusual discovery of malignant colonic obstruction because of metastatic CCA. Our report highlights the benefit of minimally invasive colonic stenting for palliation yielding immediate relief of pain while avoiding untoward sequelae from high-risk surgical intervention.
Migraine and its childhood equivalents
Authors: Zhmyleva P. V. , Tabeeva G. R.
Published: December 2023

Migraine is one of the most common causes of primary headache in the pediatric population. In addition to pain manifestations, episodic syndromes are also found in children, which often lack cephalgic manifestations and are difficult to verify in clinical practice.

Objective: to determine the characteristics of the migraine and episodic syndromes associated with migraine in children of different age groups.

Material and methods. The study included 250 children complaining of headaches (166 girls and 84 boys aged 5 to 18 years, mean age 13 years). The patients were divided into groups: Group 1 – preschool age (5–6 years) and elementary school age (7–10 years) – 20.8% (n=52) of patients; Group 2 – middle school age (11–14 years) – 45.2% (n=113) of patients; Group 3 – high school age (15–18 years) – 34% (n=85) of patients. A structured diagnostic interview was conducted with all study participants (or their parents) and pain and anxiety were assessed using special scales and tests adapted for children (visual analog scale (VAS); Digital Pain Rating Scale (DPS); Verbal Rating Pain Scale (VRPS), Faces Pain Scale (FPS), MIDAS scales, Hands scale, depression scales adapted by T.I. Balashova, Spielberger-Khanin anxiety scale).

Results. The average age at onset of headache in the general structure was 11 [9; 13] years. Migraine was diagnosed in 40.4% (n=21) of the patients in Group 1, in 31.9% (n=36) of the patients in Group 2 and in 29.4% (n=25) of the patients in Group 3. An increase in age by 1 year leads to a 1.17-fold decrease in complaints for headache in combination with vomiting. With an increase in the age of the patients by 1 year, excessive sleep is significantly less likely to be a factor provoking headaches. A statistically significant inverse association was found between age and FPS scores (ρ =-0.13, 95% CI: -0.25; -0.002; p=0.0457), VAS (ρ =-0.13, 95% CI: -0.25; -0.004, p=0.0425) and Balashova scale score (ρ =-0.14, 95% CI: -0.26; -0.01, p=0.0327). The mean values for the intensity and severity of headaches decrease with age. Analysis of the prevalence of episodic syndromes associated with migraine revealed that in the general group, intestinal colic in infancy was found in 49.6% (n=124) of cases, in Group 1 – in 51.9% (n=27), in Group 2 – in 47.8% (n=54) and in Group 3 – in 50.6% (n=43) of patients. In the general group, torticollis was found in 14.4% (n=36) of patients, which increased slightly with age. Intermittent abdominal pain was found in a total of 33.2% (n=83) and spontaneous vomiting in 18% of children, and its prevalence decreased with age.

Conclusion. The prevalence of migraine in children of different age groups suffering from headache varies between 40.4% and 29.4% of cases. Frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms accompanying a headache attack and the provoking effect of sleep decrease continuously with increasing age. Episodic childhood syndromes associated with migraine may vary in their characteristics between different age groups of pediatric patients.
Choline alfoscerate in the correction of cognitive impairment
Authors: Shavlovskaya O. A. , Romanov I. D. , Bokova I. A.
Published: December 2023

In preclinical and clinical studies, choline alfoscerate (CA) has proven to be highly effective in the correction of cognitive impairment (CI). The clinical effect of CA is seen in the improvement of mental activity, concentration, ability to remember and recall information, cognitive and behavioural responses, elimination of emotional instability and apathy. Experimental studies have shown the effectiveness of CA in preventing atrophic changes in the cerebral cortex. Based on several studies conducted on the use of CA in the treatment of CI, it can be concluded that oral administration of CA at a dose of 600 mg/day can be recommended both as monotherapy and as part of complex therapy in patients with cerebrovascular diseases such as chronic cerebral ischemia. As part of complex therapy for CI in Alzheimer's disease, a combination of CA at a dose of 1200 mg/day with donepezil at a dose of 10 mg/day may be recommended. Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of CA in the treatment of post-COVID and post-traumatic CI. The efficacy of CA administration in the treatment of CI (including vascular dementia) following ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attacks has been demonstrated. When CA is taken, there is also a reduction in anxiety and depressive disorders, asthenia, the severity of pain symptoms and changes in coordination. The duration of therapy should be 60 to 90 days, depending on the severity of CI, followed by an observation phase of up to 2 years. For successful treatment with CA, it is necessary to carry out repeated courses of CI treatment. Today, a new drug Cerpechol (600 mg/7 ml) has appeared on the Russian market, which has all the effects of CA. The convenience of the new form (oral solution) makes it possible to use it in patients with swallowing disorders.
Russian-Belarusian Expert Council “New opportunities in the treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis” (October 1, 2023). Main conclusions of the first meeting
Authors: Boyko A. N. , Vashchilin V. V. , Boyko O. V. , Bunyak A. G. , Kasatkin D. S. , Korobko D. S. , Kulikova S. I. , Mazgo N. V. , Makovskaya N. V. , Sivertseva S. A. , Smagina I. V. , Chernukha T. N.
Published: December 2023

A joint conclusion of the Russian-Belarusian Expert Council “New opportunities in the treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis” on the organization of medical care, diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and other autoimmune diseases is presented. 12 neurologists from different medical institutions in Russia and Belarus took part in the work of the Council. In the conclusions of the Council, special attention was paid to two new Russian original drugs, modifying the course of MS. The place of these drugs in the healthcare system of these countries was determined. Sampeginterferon beta-1a itself is an effective and safe drug of first choice (first-line treatment) for relapsing remitting MS. Divozilimab is a highly effective and safe second-line treatment indicated for rapidly progressive and highly active MS, even when substituted for a firstor second-line treatment in relapsing remitting and secondary progressive (with exacerbations) MS. The experts emphasized how promising the use of these drugs is in the complex treatment of MS.
Non-interventional epidemiological program for investigating the real-life practice of using quetiapine (Seroquel®) in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder (EPIDEMICUS)
Authors: Medvedev V. E. , Kuznetsova I. G.
Published: December 2023

The polymorphism of the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder (BD), late referral to the doctor, comorbidity with somatic diseases and the use of somatotropic medications by psychiatric patients, as well as the frequent development of adverse events (AEs), require constant analysis and improvement of the methods and means of psychopharmacotherapy.

Objective: to study the characteristics of the use of quetiapine (Seroquel®) in real outpatient clinical practice.

Material and methods. A patient was enrolled in the program if there was a need to prescribe quetiapine (Seroquel®) or to switch from the current therapy to quetiapine. During the program visit, the doctor filled in an individual registration card with information about patient and therapy. The data were statistically analyzed.

Results. Quetiapine is prescribed by practicing psychiatrists in Russia not only according to the official indications, but also for psychopathological disorders of other nosology with similar clinical manifestations, such as dementia, organic and affective (depressive episode, recurrent depressive disorder), as well as psychogenic disorders. Up to 27.3% of physicians consider the effect of quetiapine to be quite sufficient in a mixed affective state within the framework of BD dynamics. Quetiapine is used by physicians to treat patients with varying duration of mental disorder (mean 5.1–13.5 years), severity of current mental state (mean CGI-S score 4.3–4.97) and a wide age range (mean age 34.5–60.8 years). When prescribing quetiapine, physicians note that the drug has antidepressant, anxiolytic, sedative and hypnotic effects, regardless of the type of mental disorder. Quetiapine is mainly prescribed as a monotherapy, either primary or resumed after a break – 815 (64.5%) observations. At the same time, quetiapine is used significantly more frequently as monotherapy for BD (69.4%) and mental illnesses of other origin (64.7%) than for schizophrenia (53.8%; p <0.005).

Conclusion. In real clinical practice, quetiapine is perceived by psychiatrists as a highly effective and well-tolerated antipsychotic with a broad spectrum of activity that goes beyond the official indications. The practical experience of physicians in Russia shows that in addition to sedative, antipsychotic, antimanic and antidepressant effects, the drug also has antinegative, procognitive, anxiolytic, antiresistant and mood-stabilizing properties.
Atrial cardiomyopathy in patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke: incidence, instrumental diagnostic features, impact on prognosis
Authors: Chazov S. A. , Mekhryakov S. A. , Kulesh A. A. , Syromyatnikova L. I. , Astanin P. A.
Published: December 2023

Latent atrial fibrillation (AF), whose substrate is atrial cardiomyopathy (AC), is considered the main potential pathogenetic mechanism of cryptogenic embolic stroke (CES). Early detection of AC allows to intensify the search for AF in such patients.

Objective: to compare the characteristics of patients with CES in terms of clinical and anamnestic data, echocardiographic parameters, MRI patterns of infarction foci and disease outcomes depending on the presence of the major markers for AC.

Material and methods. We studied 103 patients in the acute phase of CES with a lesion confirmed by MRI data, who were divided into two groups according to the presence (n=17) or absence (n=86) of AC. A comprehensive clinical, laboratory, and instrumental examination was performed and long-term outcomes were assessed. The median follow-up period was 32 months.

Results. The incidence of AC in the CES population was 17%; the most common markers were an increase in left atrial volume index and paroxysms of supraventricular tachycardia. Patients with AC-CES were characterised by older age and a two-fold increase in the prevalence of coronary heart disease. Patients with AC-CES were nine times more likely to have a "black artery" symptom on MRI than patients without AC. The predictive accuracy of this clinical pattern was 84%, the sensitivity was 60% and the specificity was 86%. Patients with AC-CES had a significantly higher risk (odds ratio 3.4; 95% confidence interval 1.1–9.9; p=0.023) for a composite outcome that included the development of recurrent ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction or death.

Conclusion. AC diagnosed by a combination of echocardiographic and electrocardiographic signs is present in 17% of patients with CES. Patients with AC-CES are characterised by elderly age, the presence of atherosclerosis-associated disease, a specific MRI pattern (the “black artery” symptom) and an unfavourable prognosis during the 2.5-year follow-up period.
The use of inhaled nitric oxide (Tianox device) in patients with moderate cognitive impairment
Authors: Starchina Yu. A. , Grishina D. A. , Sokolov E. A. , Parfenov V. A.
Published: December 2023

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate stage between normal cognitive function (CF) and dementia. In the general population of elderly, it is diagnosed in 10–15% of cases; in patients attending outpatient appointments, the frequency of diagnosis is 70%. In our country, there is positive experience with the inhalation of nitric oxide, using a device that synthesizes it from the air, for pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases.

Objective: to investigate the use of inhaled nitric oxide (Tianox device) in patients with MCI due to cerebrovascular (CVD) and neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) of the brain.

Material and methods. We observed 36 patients (8 men, 28 women, mean age 66±8.9 years, from 50 to 76 years) with MCI that developed on the background of CVD and NDD. In addition to stroke prevention therapy, the patients with MCI received daily inhalation of a nitric oxideenriched air mixture via a Tianox device for 30 minutes. The patients had from 7 to 10 inhalation sessions (the first, experimental – 20 minutes, the following sessions – 30 minutes). Detailed neuropsychological tests were performed at baseline and 3 months after the end of treatment.

Results. The therapy was well tolerated and no adverse events occurred. After 3 months, the average score on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment increased from 23.7±3.5 to 25.6±3.9 points (p<0.001), the ability to memorize 12 words – from 7.5±1.8 to 8.7±2.1 words (p<0.05), categorical associations – from 14.8±5.0 to 16.9±4.6 words (p<0.05), the number of words found in the Munsterberg test – from 14.9±5.8 to 18.1±5.8 (p<0.001).The emotional state of the patients improved, the signs of depression decreased according to the Beck Depression Inventory from 13.65±8.5 to 11.4±6.7 points (p<0.05), on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – from 8.6± 5.0 to 7.3±4.1 points (p<0.05); anxiety decreased on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – from 7.0±5.0 to 5.4±4.5 points (p<0.05), Insomnia Severity Index – from 11.1±7.9 to 7.8±6.3 points (p<0.05).

Conclusion. Good tolerability and a positive effect of inhaled nitric oxide on CF and emotional state of patients with MCI against the background of CVD and NDD were found.
Peran Orientasi Budaya dalam Berkarier Wirausaha pada Siswa SMK
Authors: Wibowo Doddy Hendro , Sarajar Dewita Karema
Published: December 2023

Entrepreneurship is a potential job that still has the opportunity to be developed. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an influence of cultural orientation and gender on entrepreneurial careers. Researchers use purposive sampling method, involving 347 Vocational High School (SMK) students consisting of 180 male students (51.87%) and 167 female students (48.12%). The researcher used the High School Student Entrepreneurial Orientation Scale and the Cultural Orientation Scale. The results of this study indicate the influence of cultural orientation on entrepreneurship in vocational students. The results also showed that there was no difference in entrepreneurial interest between male and female students. The practical implication of the results of this study is that the vertical and horizontal collective cultural orientation factors have a role in building entrepreneurial interest among teenagers.
The Role of Self-Compassion on Muslim Students’ Altruistic Behavior during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dwimahesi Narulita Natasya , Musthofa Wakhid
Published: December 2023

Large-Scale Social Restrictions in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic caused a lack of social contact, thereby limiting individuals from providing direct assistance to others. Conversely, someone who has self-compassion is indicated to have good altruistic behavior. The present study aims to investigate the correlation between self-compassion and altruistic behavior among students during the Large-Scale Social Restrictions in Indonesia caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This research employed an incidental sampling technique, with 400 college students. The participants comprised 76 men and 324 women, aged between 18 and 25 years. The study utilized the altruism scale (20 items; = 0.867) and the self-compassion scale (23 items; = 0.892) to measure self-compassion and altruistic behavior, respectively. The Spearman rank correlation technique was employed to test the hypothesis, which resulted in a correlation coefficient of 0.254 with p = 0.001 (p < 0.05). The research findings indicate a positive and significant relationship between self-compassion and altruism among students during the pandemic. Specifically, the higher the level of self-compassion, the higher the altruistic behavior. These results suggest that fostering self-compassion in individuals may lead to greater social benefits, such as encouraging positive social habits. Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar di Indonesia pada masa pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan kurangnya kontak sosial sehingga membatasi individu untuk memberikan bantuan langsung kepada orang lain. Di sisi lain, seseorang yang memiliki self-compassion digambarkan dapat memiliki perilaku altruisme yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara self-compassion dengan perilaku altruisme pada mahasiswa di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan insidental sampling dengan responden sejumlah 400 mahasiswa. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah skala altruisme (α= 0,867) dan skala self-compassion (α= 0,892). Uji hipotesis menggunakan teknik korelasi rank spearman menunjukkan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,254 dengan p = 0,000 (p < 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara self-compassion dengan perilaku altruisme pada mahasiswa di masa pandemi COVID-19. Semakin tinggi self-compassion maka semakin tinggi pula perilaku altruisme. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah individu dapat memiliki kesadaran self-compassion yang baik sehingga dapat bermanfaat lebih luas bagi masyarakat mengenai kebiasaan sosial yang positif.
Peran Keterlibatan Ayah dalam Pengasuhan dengan Konsep Diri Remaja Tunadaksa
Authors: Mutia Fatimah , Andayani Tri Rejeki
Published: December 2023

One of the problems that often faced by the teenagers with physical disabilities is the negative self-concept. Self-concept is a description of a person affected by the environment. The negative self-concept could lead the teenagers into a higher level of juvenile delinquency. Father, as one of the family members has an important role in shaping self-concept on teenagers. Teenagers with adequate attention of a father would tend to feel loved and worth that could lead them to shape a positive self-concept.  The purpose of this quantitative-correlational was to determine the role of father involvement in self-concept of teenagers with physical disabilities.  The respondents of this research were teenagers with physical disabilities aged 13 – 19 years old with father in total 53 respondents. Sampling technique used in this research was non-probability by using purposive sampling. The instrument used was Father Involvement Scale (rxx’=0,904) and Self-Concept Scale (rxx’=0,930). Data analysis technique was simple linier regression analysis.  The result of study showed that there was significant correlation between father involvement in self-concept of teenagers with physical disabilities (R=0,452, p<0,05). Known the value of R2 was 0,204,. It means values the role father involvement in self-concept of teenagers with physical disabilities is 20,4%.   Salah satu permasalahan yang sering dijumpai remaja tunadaksa adalah konsep diri negatif. Konsep diri merupakan gambaran mengenai dirinya sendiri yang dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan. Konsep diri negatif dapat membawa remaja pada tingkat kenakalan yang tinggi. Ayah merupakan salah satu anggota dari keluarga yang berperan dalam membentuk konsep diri remaja. Remaja yang mendapat perhatian dari ayahnya akan merasa disayang, berharga, dan mendorong remaja membentuk konsep diri positif. Penelitian kuantitatif-korelasional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan dengan konsep diri remaja tunadaksa. Responden dalam penelitian ini remaja tunadaksa berusia 13-19 tahun yang memiliki ayah dengan jumlah 53 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah non-probability dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Skala Keterlibatan Ayah dalam Pengasuhan (rxx’=0,904) dan Skala Konsep Diri (rxx’=0,930). Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan dengan konsep diri remaja tunadaksa (R= 0,452, p< 0,05). Diketahui nilai R2 (R Square) sebesar 0,204, artinya nilai peran keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan terhadap konsep diri remaja tunadaksa adalah 20,4%.
Optimization and management of flare gases through modification of knock-out drum HP flares by 4R approach based on 3E structures
Authors: Ahmadzadeh Ali , Noorpoor Alireza , Bidhendi Gholamreza Nabi
Published: December 2023

The goal of this study is the Optimization and Management of Flare Gases through the Modification of Knock-out Drum HP Flares. The optimization of the K.O.D. is to create a shell around it and inject water steam into the shell, so that a uniform temperature distribution has done inside the drum, so freezing does not occur, and liquid that drops inside the burner, does not burn. The result of the simulations showed that in the drainage part of the drum, humidity associated with inlet gas freezes upon entering it after pressure and temperature drop suddenly. In the drainage part of the drum and the entrance of water steam with a temperature of 438 K and relative pressure of 550,000 Pa, the freezing of the coating part of it is eliminated. Finally, the water steam with liquid water caused by the heat transfer between the steam, and the bottoms of the drum is out from its drainage part. In the following, two issues were examined; First, simulating the drum to prove the insufficient power of the electric heater at the entrance of the drum. Second, simulating the drum with its surrounding cover in order to eliminate possible freezing. As the result, this work simulated and optimized the K.O.D. flare system to reduce valuable and toxic gas which burned in the flare system and caused environmental, economic, and social effects. This modelling optimized 8 points to add optimum heat flux and used a water steam jacket to prevent the formation of a freezing zone. The optimum zone around the bottom of K.O.D. steam injected this zone and observed no ice formation occurred in this zone. The steam jacket creates uniform heating by using this design and steam injection to the outer wall of the drum. For many reasons, the implementation of this project will reduce smoke and flare pollution: Inhibition of freezing in the liquid outlet of the K.O.D., the liquid level inside the drum remains constant and prevents the transfer of liquid droplets associated with the exhaust gas to the flare.
ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX MICROBIAL ECOSYSTEMS WITH IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION AND EPIFLUORESCENT MICROSCOPY
Authors: TEPŠIČ Katarina , AVGUŠTIN G.
Published: December 2023

In situ hybridization with fluorescent oligonucleotide probes combined with epifluorescent microscopy was used to detect and localize microorganisms in rumen samples from a black and white Friesian cow. Bacterial cells were hybridized with 16S rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes specific for the phylogenetic group Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides (CFB) (BACPRE) and for species Prevotella bryantii B14 (PBB14) and P.ruminicola 23T (PR23). The oligonucleotide probes were labelled with fluorescine isothiocyanate (FITC) or tetramethylrodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC). Both species specific probes proved to be highly specific and gave strong and clear signal.
GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF LF221 ACIDOCINS
Authors: ČANŽEK MAJHENIČ Andreja , ROGELJ Irena
Published: December 2023

Acidocin LF221 A and B are at least two different bacteriocins produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus LF221. In previous research work the N-terminal amino acid (AA) sequence was determined from the purified peptides and probes for both acidocins were prepared as well. Southern hybridization was used to locate structural genes for acidocin LF221 A and B on the genome. Using as a template digested chromosomal DNA of either LF221 or its bac- derivative, identical results were obtained. A possible explanation for this is that bac- mutant still contains the structural genes for both acidocins. When acidocin LF221 A or B were compared to other known bacteriocins, they showed some homology to ThmB peptide of thermophilin 13 or LafX peptide of lactacin F. We assume that LF221 acidocins are novel representatives of the class II bacteriocins.
VARIABLE DNA SEQUENCE OF THE pMGA GENE IN Mycoplasma gallisepticum
Authors: MILOŠEVIČ BERLIČ Tamara , BENČINA D. , DOVČ P.
Published: December 2023

Specific fragments of Mycoplasma gallisepticum genomic DNA, representing different regions of pMGA1.1 and pMGA1.2 genes, were amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Using sequence analysis of pMGA terminal domains, differences in nucleotide sequences among strains of M. gallisepticum were identified. Restriction analysis revealed polymorphism at the 5? -end of the pMGA coding region. By means of sequence analysis it was established that the most variable part of pMGA sequence was the 5? -end of the pMGA gene, the region coding amino-terminal part of pMGA protein, while the 3? -end of the gene was conserved among various M. gallisepticum strains analysed. In some strains insertions or deletions were found that indicate the diversity of the pMGA gene family and might be related to the variable expression of the pMGA gene family. Changes in nucleotide sequences of the pMGA genes were also found within isogenic lineages. Genotypic variability is also confirmed by results of the study of the gene product expression.
Izboljšanje odbire čebel na proizvodne lastnosti z uporabo selekcijskega indeksa
Authors: POKLUKAR Janez
Published: December 2023

Izdelali smo selekcijski indeks za istočasno odbiro čebel na pridelek medu, nerojivost in na mirnost čebeljih družin. V analizi smo upoštevali populacijo 2.494 matic, zrejenih pri 18 zrejevalcih matic, proizvodno testiranih v 199 čebelarstvih v času 1994 - 1998. Heritabilnost proizvodnje medu je bila 0,41 ± 0,22, h2 nerojivosti čebel 0,73 ± 0,28, h2 mirnosti 0,49 ± 0,24. Indeks = 0,42 * (kg medu na leto) + 1,94 * (točke ocene nerojivosti čebel) + 0,80 * (točke mirnosti čebel). Varianca indeksa je 29,45, varianca agregatnega genotipa pa 62,39. R2 indeksa je 0,47, kar je za 14,5 % več od vrednosti heritabilitete za proizvodnjo medu.
Bibliografija prof. dr. Janeza Pogačarja
Authors: GRBEC Cvetka , SIARD Nataša
Published: December 2023

Bibliografija obsega 452 prispevkov, napisanih v obdobju od 1965 do 2000. Vključuje tudi nekatera neobjavljena dela, predvsem prispevke s posvetovanj, ne vključuje pa raznih poročil in 20 radijskih prispevkov v oddaji Kmetijski nasveti (iz obdobja 1965 – 1984). Ocenjujemo, da smo v bibliografijo zajeli veliko večino profesorjevih prispevkov, nekaj pa jih žal ni bilo mogoče najti, predvsem iz zgodnjih let profesorjevega delovanja. Bibliografijo smo dopolnili, kolikor je bilo mogoče, s pomočjo NUK-a in Kmetijskega inštituta Slovenije.
Ocene parametrov disperzije z modelom živali za dnevne meritve pri slovenski črno beli pasmi
Authors: POTOČNIK Klemen , KOVAČ Milena , POGAČAR Janez
Published: December 2023

V raziskavi smo uporabili podatke o 643 357 meritvah dnevnih meritev za količino mleka in vsebnosti beljakovin ter maščob pri 29 150 kravah slovenske črno bele pasme. V datoteko sorodstva smo dodali še 12 173 živali. Meritve so bile opravljene od marca 1986 do julija 1998. Model je vključeval sezono telitve, starost ob telitvi in stadij laktacije kot sistematske vplive ter naključne vplive črede, stalnega okolja in živali. Vpliv črede je pojasnil skoraj četrtino celotne variabilnosti za količino mleka in malo manj kot desetino za obe lastnosti vsebnosti. Delež variance za vpliv čreda je za količino mleka 0,23, za vsebnost maščobe 0,06 in za vsebnost beljakovin 0,09. Podoben vpliv ima za vse tri lastnosti stalno okolje, saj delež variance znaša za količino mleka 0,23, za vsebnost maščobe 0,07 in za vsebnost beljakovin 0,11. Dednostni delež za količino mleka je 0,20, za vsebnost maščobe 0,22 in za vsebnost beljakovin 0,25. Z uporabo tega modela v praksi bi že mlajšim živalim z manjšim številom meritev ali celo brez njih napovedali plemenske vrednosti. S tem bi skrajšali generacijski interval. Ob uvedbi tega modela v praksi je primerno preveriti ekonomske teže in proučiti korelacije med opazovanimi lastnostmi.
25 let izhajanja Zb. Biotehniške fak. Univ. v Ljubljani. Kmetijstvo. Zootehnika
Authors: STEKAR Jasna M.A.
Published: December 2023

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Plodnost in mlečnost krav v čredah na območju Bohinja
Authors: LOGAR Alojz , OREŠNIK Andrej , KOVAČ Milena
Published: December 2023

Na sedemnajstih kmetijah v Bohinju smo v letu 1996 analizirali podatke o mlečnosti in plodnosti pri 193 kravah lisaste (51,4%), črno-bele (31,3%), rjave (2,5%), rdeče cikaste (2,5%) in neznane pasme (12,3%). Iz različnih vzrokov je bilo izločenih 37 krav. Povprečna mlečnost v zaključeni laktaciji je pri 156 kravah znašala 5590 (± 1988) kg, v standardni laktaciji 5178 (± 1687) kg in na krmni dan 14,2 (± 4,8) kg mleka. Poporodni premor je pri kravah trajal povprečno 113,8 (± 62,3) dni, doba med telitvama (DMT) pa 400,2 (± 69,1) dni. Uspešnost osemenitev je bila povprečno 65,2%. DMT, zaporedna laktacija in rejec so statistično značilno vplivali na mlečnost krav na krmni dan (KD). Največja mlečnost na KD je bila pri živalih z DMT od 341 do 365 dni. Podaljšana DMT je povečevala mlečnost krav v standardni laktaciji. Poporodni premor je bil statistično značilno povezan (P< 0,0001) s praktično vsemi lastnostmi plodnosti in mlečnosti. Število osemenitev in mlečnost na krmni dan sta bili negativno povezani (r = -0,1769, P< 0,0271). Analize podatkov, s katerimi ocenjujemo plodnost krav, so pokazale, da je bila uspešnost odkrivanja pojatev slaba (62,1%) in zaradi tega podaljšana servisna perioda največkrat vzrok podaljšane DMT pri kravah na obravnavanih kmetijah. Na štirih kmetijah, kjer so pravočasno odkrili vse pojatve po pregonitvi, je trajal poporodni premor povprečno trajal 83 dni, servisna perioda pa 21 dni.
Priprava s peroksidazo konjugiranih monoklonskih protiteles proti kokošjim imunoglobulinom razreda G (IgY)
Authors: REJC Mateja , NARAT Mojca , BENČINA Dušan , HABE Franc
Published: December 2023

V intenzivni perutninski proizvodnji so okužbe s patogenimi mikroorganizmi relativno pogoste in lahko povzročajo veliko gospodarsko škodo. Večino okužb z bakterijami in virusi je mogoče ugotoviti posredno z dokazom specifičnih protiteles. Največ se uporabljajo posredni imunoencimski preskusi, v katerih se v serumu dokazujejo specifična protitelesa iz razreda imunoglobulinov Y (IgY), ki so ptičji homolog sesalskemu razredu G (IgG). V takih preskusih so poleg specifičnih antigenov potrebna tudi z encimom označena protitelesa, ki se vežejo na IgY. Iz rumenjaka kokošjega jajca smo izolirali IgY, z njimi imunizirali miš BALB/c in pripravili monoklonska protitelesa (mAb) proti kokošjim IgY ter jih označili kot mAb M2. Mab M2 so reagirala s kokošjimi, puranjimi, fazanjimi in pavjimi IgY. Determinanta, ki jo prepoznavajo mAb M2, je na težki verigi IgY molekule in verjetno ni glikozilirana. Pridobljenim mAb M2 smo določili optimalno pH vrednost, optimalno delovno koncentracijo v neposrednem imunoencimskem preskusu in ocenili afiniteto vezave. MAb M2 smo konjugirali s hrenovo peroksidazo in preizkusili delovanje konjugata, imenovanega M2-p. M2-p se je vezal na kokošje IgY v pH območju 3-11, kar kaže na visoko afiniteto vezanja. Dosedanji rezultati kažejo, da je M2-p primeren za imunoencimske preskuse s katerimi dokazujejo specifična protiteles razreda IgY pri kokoših, puranih, fazanih in pavih.
Mapping of contents in "Zbornik Biotehniške fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani. Kmetijstvo. Zootehnika" (Research Reports Biotechnical Faculty University of Ljubljana. Agriculture. Zootechny): an analysis of narrower and broader subject areas
Authors: BARTOL Tomaž
Published: December 2023

A bibliometric analysis of volumes 74 (1999) and 76 (2000) (altogether 48 articles) of Zbornik Biotehniške fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani. Kmetijstvo. Zootehnika (Research Reports Biotechnical Faculty University of Ljubljana. Agriculture. Zootechny) was based on the Agrovoc descriptors (de) assigned by an indexer (ENI), computer assigned DE (ENC) and category codes (CC) assigned as indexing terms to the respective articles in the Agris database. Two subject indexes based on ENI and ENC coupled together, and on CC were constructed as a material for further analysis. The scatter of indexing terms was then compared with some scientometric laws such as those by Bradford, Zipf, and others. Among 357 different DE (ENI and ENC coupled together in one file) some 80 % were assigned only once or twice. 210 DE occured only once. Organism DE maintained the highest frequency (bacteria: 16 times, followed by useful animals: 13 times). Some 20 % of all different DE were assigned to half of the articles. Among ENI 154 of 221 terms occured only once. Aspect DE possessed the highest frequency among ENI (chemical composition: 11 times, followed by proximate composition: 10 times). Some indexing characteristics were further highlighted such as the use of synonyms and related terms. The results of macroindexing with CC were interpreted with some limitations as there are in classification schemes no sufficient macrocategories referring to microbiology or biotechnology of microorganisms. All of the records of the Slovenian Agris output were processed by one indexer thus maintaining a relatively high indexing consistency what facilitates better information retrieval.
Dokazovanje protiteles proti patogenim mikroorganizmom v tekočinah kokošjega zarodka
Authors: HERMAN Darja , NARAT Mojca , BENČINA Dušan
Published: December 2023

Pred patogenimi mikroorganizmi, ki se prenašajo prek valilnih jajc, kokošji zarodek ščitijo protitelesa matere v rumenjaku in beljaku. Z uporabo imunoencimskih testov in monoklonskih protiteles (mAb) proti kokošjim imunoglobulinom razredov G (IgG), IgA in IgM smo ugotavljali prisotnost specifičnih protiteles proti Mycoplasma synoviae, M. gallisepticum, Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in virusu atipične kokošje kuge v alantoisni tekočini (ALT), amnionski tekočini (AMT), žolču in krvi kokošjih zarodkov na različnih stopnjah embrionalnega razvoja. Že 7. dan embrionalnega razvoja je večina zarodkov imela v ALT specifična protitelesa IgG proti M. synoviae, nekateri zarodki pa tudi protitelesa IgG proti M. gallisepticum in virusu atipične kokošje kuge. V ALT so bila pri nekaterih zarodkih prisotna tudi protitelesa razreda IgA in IgM. Protitelesa IgA in IgM so se najverjetneje prenesla iz beljaka v ALT. V AMT smo specifična protitelesa IgG proti M. synoviae dokazali 7. dan embrionalnega razvoja. Količina IgA, IgG in IgM v AMT se je močno povečala po 12. dnevu embrionalnega razvoja. Specifična protitelesa lahko pridejo tudi v žolč, kjer smo protitelesa IgA in IgG proti M. synoviae in O. rhinotracheale dokazali pri 13 dni starih zarodkih. Tudi v vzorcih krvi, vzetih iz alantoisnega krvnega obtoka od 13. do 16. dne embrionalnega razvoja, smo dokazali IgG in IgA.
Ocenjevanje energijske vrednosti mrve
Authors: BABNIK Drago , VERBIČ Jože , ŽNIDARŠIČ Tomaž
Published: December 2023

Z in vitro metodo, ki temelji na plinu razvijajočem se pri inkubaciji vzorcev z vampnim sokom, smo ocenili vsebnost neto energije za laktacijo (NEL) 100 vzorcem mrve zbranimi v letih 1999 in 2000. Vrednosti smo primerjali z ocenami, pridobljenimi z običajnimi postopki ocenjevanja NEL v slovenskih laboratorijih, to je na podlagi kemične sestave ter prebavljivostnih koeficientov iz preglednic ali ob pomoči regresijskih enačb iz literature. Ugotovili smo, da so na podlagi preglednic DLG (1982) ocenjene vsebnosti NEL v mrvi odstopale od in vitro ocenjenih vrednosti za –0,22±0,35 MJ NEL kg–1 sušine (SS). Ocene na podlagi novejših DLG (1991) preglednic so odstopale od in vitro ocenjenih vrednosti za 0,25±0,31 MJ, na podlagi DLG (1997) za 0,20±0,33 MJ ter na podlagi enačb GfE (1998) za 0,16±0,33 MJ NEL kg–1 SS. Ocene z enačbo po Stekarjevi in sod. (1994) so v povprečju odstopale od in vitro ocenjenih vrednosti za 0,01±0,33 MJ NEL kg–1 SS. Regresijska analiza je pokazala, da so vse ocene sistematično odstopale od in vitro ocenjenih vrednosti. Za ocenjevanje manj kakovostnih vzorcev mrve z ekstenzivnih travnikov, ki vsebujejo manj kot 5,2 MJ NEL kg–1 sušine, priporočamo uporabo starejših nemških preglednic (DLG, 1982), za bolj kakovostne vzorce mrve (> 5,2 MJ NEL) pa so primernejše novejše preglednice (DLG, 1997) in uradne nemške enačbe (GfE, 1998). Povprečni vzorci s slovenskih kmetij so ocenjeni najbolj točno z enačbo po Stekarjevi in sod. (1994). Za vse ocene so bila značilna razmeroma velika povprečna posamična odstopanja (0,27–0,32 MJ kg–1 SS) od in vitro ocenjenih vrednosti. Največja posamična odstopanja so presegla 1 MJ kg–1 SS. Predlagali smo nove enačbe za ocenjevanje vsebnosti presnovljive energije in NEL v mrvi. Ugotovili smo, da je mogoče s temi enačbami odstopanja od in vitro ocenjenih vrednosti zmanjšati za 10 do 50 %. Nepojasnjenim odstopanjem, ki znašajo v povprečju približno 0,2 MJ NEL kg–1 SS, se z uporabo klasične weendske analize ne moremo izogniti.
Vsebnost dušika, vezanega na v kislem detergentu netopna vlakna, v krmi s travinja
Authors: VERBIČ Jože , BABNIK Drago , RESNIK Mojca
Published: December 2023

Proučevali smo povezave med deležem v kislem detergentu netopnega dušika (KDNN, v g kg –1 skupnega N) na eni strani ter vsebnostma surovih beljakovin (SB) in surove vlaknine (SVl) na drugi. Ugotovili smo, da se v krmi s travinja s povečevanjem vsebnosti SB delež KDNN zmanjšuje, medtem ko se s povečevanjem vsebnosti SVl povečuje. Pri dani vsebnosti surovih beljakovin je bil pri metuljnicah delež KDNN večji kot pri travah. Delež KDNN v senu z ekstenzivnih travnikov je bil večji kot pri senu z intenzivnih travnikov. Pri silažah prve košnje smo pri dani vsebnosti SB opazili tendenco manjšega deleža KDNN kot pri silažah iz naslednjih košenj. Izračunali smo enačbe, ki omogočajo napovedovanje deleža KDNN v vzorcih zelene krme, sena in silaž na podlagi vsebnosti SB, in ugotovili, da omogočajo grobo oceno. Zaenkrat lahko dobimo točno vsebnost KDNN le s kemijsko analizo.
Enačbe za ocenjevanje deleža mesa v trupih prašičev na liniji klanja
Authors: MALOVRH Špela , KOVAČ Milena , ČANDEK POTOKAR Marjeta , ŽGUR Silvester , ŠEGULA Blaž
Published: December 2023

Ocenjevanje mesnatosti prašičev na liniji temelji na meritvah pojasnjevalnih spremenljivk in predhodno določene enačbe za odstotek mesa, v katero vstavimo meritve. Enačbo določimo na podlagi predhodnega razseka zadostnega števila klavnih trupov. Prilagojeno zakonodaji EU smo se pri izračunu nove enačbe poslužili kombinacije EU-referenčnega in delnega razseka, pri statistični obdelavi pa uporabili dvojno regresijo. Izvedli smo popolni razsek na 61 in samo delni razsek na 130 klavnih trupih prašičev. Določali smo enačbi za ocenjevanje odstotka mesa za metodo z aparatom Hennessy Grading Probe (HGP) in za ročno dvotočkovno metodo. Enačba za aparat HGP je zadostila potrebnemu standardnemu odklonu ostanka (RSD) pod 2,5 (2,43) in je primerna za uvedbo metode HGP na linijo klanja. Nadomestna ročna metoda se ni približala vrednosti 2,5 za RSD, pač pa še vedno zadovoljivo ocenjuje mesnatost sedanja enačba DM5. Pred uvedbo nove metode z aparatom HGP je potrebna še preveritev na liniji klanja.
Engineering scheme for reconstruction of panel-type livestock building
Authors: ENIMANEV Krasimir , ANDONOV Kondiu , NOVAKOVA Atanaska
Published: December 2023

A model for reconstruction of typical panel type livestock building is suggested. The reconstruction scheme ensures controlled natural ventilation and smooth regulation of air exchange in the building. The board fence (walls and roof) is turned into recuperative heat exchanger, forming feeding and sucking canals. A business plan for carrying out the reconstruction without any break in production process is suggested too, which leads to decrease in investment volume.
EU accession direct payment issue and farm incomes in Slovenia
Authors: ERJAVEC Emil , KAVČIČ Stane , REDNAK Miroslav , VOLK Tina
Published: December 2023

In this article estimation of gross value added (GVA) applying extended economic account for agriculture (EAA) model and partial equilibrium APAS-PAM model has been carried out to emphasize the importance of direct payments for farm incomes in Slovenia after its EU accession. Scenario analysis for hypothetic accession year 2004 with different levels of direct payments' complementing from national budget has been applied. Model results have been compared with agricultural income in 2000 as representative pre-accession year. Results for 2004 depend on accession scenario but show the same trends regardless the model applied. Adopting EU position of complementing direct payments up to year 2001 level significant aggravation of farm incomes at aggregate level could be expected – according to EAA results for about 15 % and in accordance with APAS-PAM forecast even more than a quarter due to negative production effects, imposed by depressed price level. Complementing direct payments from national budget up to the level eligible by current Member states would not result in marked improvement of agricultural income. GVA estimates depend on the outcome of accession negotiations regarding production quotas and reference quantities. Nevertheless, adopting current position of EU would result in stagnation of activities with relative high price level in pre-accession period (pork, poultry) and improvement position of activities which receive greater support under CAP and which economic position was extremely unfavourable in the pre-accession period (beef, coarse grains). 100 % level of direct payments would drastically change support hierarchy of agricultural commodities in Slovenia, while the positive and negative effects would be almost balanced out at the aggregate level.
Ponudba dela in odločanje o zaposlovanju na kmečkih gospodarstvih v Sloveniji
Authors: JUVANČIČ Luka
Published: December 2023

V prispevku skušamo z uporabo modela kmečkih gospodarstev kvantificirati vpliv dejavnikov, na odločanje o zaposlitvi na kmečkih gospodarstvih v Sloveniji. V raziskavi smo uporabili izvorne podatke o kmečkih gospodarstvih iz popisa kmetijstva 2000, pri čemer se omejujemo na zaposlitveno odločanje nosilcev kmečkih gospodarstev in njihovih partnerjev. Rezultati modela potrjujejo dejstvo, da je vložek dela na kmečkih gospodarstvih v pretežni meri sestavljen iz dela oseb, ki jim kmetijstvo predstavlja dopolnilni vir zaposlitve, in oseb, ki presegajo upokojitveno starost. Zaposlitvene odločitve referenčnih oseb so najpogosteje povezane z zaposlitvijo izven kmetije. V večini primerov je zaradi omejene ekonomske velikosti mogoča zaposlitev največ ene osebe na kmetiji. V večini primerov so to nosilci kmetij. Njihov status zaposlitve je odvisen od značilnosti kmečkega gospodarstva in posameznikovih individualnih značilnosti. Ugodne razmere na trgu dela (‘demand-pull’ dejavniki) zvišujejo verjetnost nekmetijske zaposlitve. Zaposlitvene alternative njihovih partnerjev (in verjetno tudi drugih članov gospodinjstva) so v večini primerov zožene na različne vrste nekmetijskih zaposlitev. Verjetnost njihove zaposlitve na kmetiji narašča z ekonomsko velikostjo in morebitnim obstojem dopolnilne dejavnosti na kmečkem gospodarstvu. Prispevek zaključujemo z diskusijo o agrarnopolitičnem pomenu rezultatov. Agrarnopolitične cilje, ki se nanašajo na trg dela v kmetijstvu, primerjamo z rezultati raziskave in na njihovi osnovi utemeljujemo potrebo po bolj ciljno usmerjenih ukrepih kmetijske politike ne tem področju.