bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A propósito de la expresión Ibn al-Naǧǧār
Authors: MONFERRER-SALA Juan P.
Published: November 2023

En este artículo nos ocupamos del análisis de la expresión Ibn al-Naǧǧār a partir de la idea que Américo Castro tenía de la misma, precedida de una exposición breve acerca del contexto más inmediato en el que éste realizó su labor filológica, para con ello proponer una solución distinta a la que él señaló en su momento.
Miscellanea Epigraphica Nubica II: Lenguas y escrituras en el Reino de Alwa
Authors: TSAKOS Alexandros
Published: November 2023

Este artículo reabre la discusión sobre la situación lingüística en el reino más meridional del Sudán medieval, Alwa (o Alodia). El punto central es un graffito procedente de Musawwarat es Sufra, un antiguo lugar que posteriormente formó parte de Alwa, que representa un testimonio elocuente por el interés de la situación lingüística en esta área.
Una mártir desconocida de Jerusalén
Authors: YOUSSEF Youhanna N.
Published: November 2023

En este artículo editamos el fragmento de un texto relativo a una nueva mártir de Jerusalén no identificada de la época de Juan XIII. El texto muestra un periodo desconocido en la Historia de la Iglesia Copta.
Miscellanea Epigraphica Nubica III: Epímaco de Attiri: un santo guerrero de la Antigua Nubia cristiana
Authors: TSAKOS Alexandros
Published: November 2023

El tercer artículo de esta serie cambia la atención a una categoría de la producción artística y epigráfica de los reinos de la Nubia medieval, concretamente a las placas de madera que representan una pequeña variedad de figuras de la fe cristiana. Estudia, particularmente, uno de estos objetos, encontrado en un lugar llamado Attiri, que representa a un jinete con su montura alanceando a una figura hollada. El punto central de este artículo es la inscripción, en la lengua particular de los nubios del periodo cristiano tardío, que fue labrada en la parte trasera de ese objeto y que identifica a la figura representada con san Epímaco.
Consumer Racism Against Syrian-Origin Health Services and Its Effect on Buying Behaviors: Turkish Case
Authors: YAĞCI Avni Can , ŞAHİN Ayşe
Published: November 2023

In the study, it is aimed to determine how Turkish consumers evaluate the health services provided by Syrians, their willingness to buy these services, and whether there is a consumer racism tendency towards the services provided by Syrians in general. Within the scope of the research, the variables of consumer racism, willingness to buy and service judgment are determined. Data are collected from 302 participants in Yenişehir district of Mersin province by convenience sampling method. The hypotheses developed within the scope of the research are tested by applying the structural equation model and hierarchical regression analysis. According to the results, it is seen that consumer racism affects service judgment and willingness to buy services negatively, while service judgment positively affects service willingness to buy. It is determined that the variables of service judgment and importance of outcome have a mediating role in the relationship between consumer racism and willingness to buy services, while the level of interaction variable has no moderating role in this relationship.
Flexing culture in the age of social media: From social recognition to self-satisfaction
Authors: Rosida Ida , Az Zahra Fatimah , Tuzzahrah Fatimah , Azzahra Sayyidati
Published: November 2023

In the digital age, flexing culture may have become a virtual tradition in which people display their possessions and express their conspicuous consumption behaviors on social media. Within the platform, the commodities attached to their bodies and the services they post indicate multiple meanings such as gaining social recognition, building body image, negotiating selfbranding, finding self-pleasure and self-satisfaction, demonstrating selfactualization, and gaining more financial benefits. This practice is common on social media, including YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok. This study explores flexing culture by referring to Indonesian content creators who display their extra wealth on their social media accounts. This is qualitative research with a cultural studies approach, using Jean Baudrillard's theory of consumer society and Thorstein Veblen's conspicuous consumption. The result shows that flexing culture on social media is an ideal place to express social identity by displaying luxury fashion brands and services. Flexing culture increasingly spreads and constructs a space for virtual competition. Moreover, it is becoming a strategy for the social hierarchy to fight and differentiate itself from the other classes. The social behavior of today's society shows something intended to be offensive through the manipulation of signs and symbolic values.
The political identity for Megalia, Womand and Webtoon to counter Confucianism culture in South Korea
Authors: Ningsih Sabda
Published: November 2023

Referring to the wave of digital feminism in the modern era, this paper formulates the problem of South Korea's digital feminism strategy in reconstructing Confucianism culture with respect to morality. The study aims to analyze the development of digital feminist activist morality in South Korea against the background of a Confucian society and rapid economic growth. Of the numerous online feminist activist groups, Megalia and Womand have garnered attention from several feminist scholars. Moreover, later Webtoon comic artists incorporated feminist ideologies into their comic narratives. Based on Andrew Heywood's cultural conflict and identity politics perspective, as well as political morality in realism, the author has identified two crucial findings. First, the three of them operate from a realistic perspective that excludes Confucian morality as a factor in their decision making. Second, Megalia and Womand tend to exhibit radical behavior due to their exclusive focus on identity politics. This contrasts with Webtoon, which creates comics driven by economic interests, resulting in more moderate behavior and a preference for cultural distribution.
Religiosity, social media, and sexual orientation as predictors of attitude towards LGBTQ+ group among residents in Nigeria
Authors: Bankole Ruth , Uye Emmanuel , Olapegba Peter
Published: November 2023

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and other diverse identities (LGBTQ+) continue to be an emerging issue in the 21st century worldwide. Studies have examined factors that predict attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community with varying results. This study focuses on investigating religiosity, social media, and sexual orientation as predictors of attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community amongst residents in Nigeria. The survey employs a cross-sectional design and uses purposive sampling to select three Local Government Areas. Data were collected from 202 participants using four validated scales. The collected data were analyzed through zero-order correlation, t-test of independent sample, and multiple regression analysis. The study tested four hypotheses at a significance level of p 0.05, revealing that religiosity, social media, and sexual orientation jointly predicted attitudes towards LGBTQ+ community. The findings reveal that both religiosity and sexual orientation significantly affected attitudes toward LGBTQ+. In contrast, attitudes towards LGBTQ+ were not influenced by social media. This study's novelty lies in uncovering how people's beliefs, values, cultures, and principles center on their attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community. It is recommended that the government and various institutions increase public awareness regarding LGBTQ+ issues to guide parents, adolescents, youth, and the public towards improved societal acceptance.
Study on aging behavior of polyethylene glycol under three wavelengths of ultraviolet light irradiation
Authors: Zhou Herong , Shang Mingyu , Wei Yanfei , Wu Tao , Wang Ke , Chen Hongxiang , Fang Beisong , Zhao Yang
Published: November 2023

Polyethylene glycol (PEG2000) is commonly used for the dehydration and reinforcement of waterlogged wooden cultural relics, and its photo-aging degradation will seriously affect the long-term conservation of the wooden cultural relics. In this study, the photo-aging characteristics and mechanisms of PEG2000 under UV irradiations of three wavelength were comprehensively investigated, and the surface morphology, crystal structure, and relative molecular weight of PEG2000 were systematically characterized. The results showed that PEG2000 showed a higher gloss loss rate, carbonyl index and crystallinity, and a wider molecular weight distribution with increasing aging time, especially under the irradiation of 313nm ultraviolet light. The aging mechanism of PEG2000 was proposed based on FTIR and 1H NMR analyses, and it was found that the degradation occurred at the C-H and ether (C-O-C) bonds on the main chain, forming a large number of ester and ethoxy structures. The aging degree of PEG2000 was evaluated from the perspective of surface morphology and chemical structure by gloss and FTIR spectroscopy, and it was found that the combination of gloss loss rate and carbonyl index was more suitable to evaluate the aging degree of the sample. The relevant theoretical research will provide reliable guidance for the preservation of polyethylene glycol in waterlogged wooden cultural relics.
Illuminating T cell-dendritic cell interactions in vivo by FlAsHing antigens
Authors: Akkaya Munir , Souz Jafar Al , Williams Daniel , Kamdar Rahul , Kamenyeva Olena , Kabat Juraj , Shevach Ethan M. , Akkaya Billur
Published: November 2023

Delineating the complex network of interactions between antigen-specific T cells and antigen presenting cells (APCs) is crucial for effective precision therapies against cancer, chronic infections, and autoimmunity. However, the existing arsenal for examining antigen-specific T cell interactions is restricted to a select few antigen-T cell receptor pairs, with limited in situ utility. This lack of versatility is largely due to the disruptive effects of reagents on the immune synapse, which hinder real-time monitoring of antigen-specific interactions. To address this limitation, we have developed a novel and versatile immune monitoring strategy by adding a short cysteine-rich tag to antigenic peptides that emits fluorescence upon binding to thiol-reactive biarsenical hairpin compounds. Our findings demonstrate the specificity and durability of the novel antigen-targeting probes during dynamic immune monitoring in vitro and in vivo. This strategy opens new avenues for biological validation of T-cell receptors with newly identified epitopes by revealing the behavior of previously unrecognized antigen-receptor pairs, expanding our understanding of T cell responses.
Optimizing the Value of the Ratio Image to Improve Shadow Detection in Satellite Images of Earth
Authors: Sarfraz Muhammad , Musleh Suhaib , Raafat Hazem
Published: November 2023

Nowadays, there are a ton of diverse applications that use digital images, notably for earth science. Shadows, for example, might cause some distortions in digital images. In digital images, shadows are a typical occurrence that is regarded as a source of noise in many applications. Shadow results in inaccurate image segmentation, the loss of crucial data, and the degradation of image colors. Therefore, it is crucial to find and eliminate shadows from images. This study shows new advancements in the pixel intensity-based shadow detection method for aerial images of the earth. In the ratio image, which is the ratio of hue over the intensity component of the invariant color models, shadow pixels are brighter than nonshadow pixels. The ratio image output pixels values of our existing method [37] for shadow detection are proposed to be exploited and optimized. Two novel testing algorithms, A and B, were designed to test the claimed changes. While our previous algorithm ratio image was given the average value of the input red, green, and blue (RGB) image components pixels, the new algorithm ratio image is given the minimum and maximum values, respectively, of the input RGB image components pixels. The most accurate algorithm, Algorithm A, was chosen to be the improved algorithm. The input RGB aerial image is transformed into the modified invariant color model hue, saturation, and value (HSV) in step one of algorithm A by selecting the pixels with the lowest intensity value from each input RGB image component in order to maximize the ratio of the image's pixel values. The mathematical power function is then applied to the ratio image to greatly increase the difference in pixel values once the ratio image of hue over value has been produced. The optimum ratio image is then classified using a threshold into pixels with and without shadows. The threshold can more accurately help to categorize pixels as shadow or nonshadow. In this work, we compare the proposed algorithms with our existing algorithm in [37] and some existing methods. Algorithm A has the best results among the proposed algorithms and our existing algorithm in [37], in addition to the testing findings, which show that algorithm A has the ability to detect shadows accurately.
A teacher's account of their experiences teaching graphics in Technology classrooms
Authors: Blose Princess
Published: November 2023

In Technology, learners are introduced to draw both technical and artistic graphics, in addition to skills such as investigation, design, making, evaluation and presentation. These skills should be gradually improved each term. However, it has been observed that teaching graphics remains a challenge for many high school technical teachers and pre-service teachers in higher education institutions. A major focus of engineering graphics and design education is on drawing-based communication, such as technical drawings. Technical drawing is considered a universal language understood by technicians and engineers around the world. The aim of the study was therefore to investigate the experience of teachers teaching graphics in technical high school classrooms, particularly in the Senior Phase Technology classrooms. The study was a case of a semi-rural school involving a Technology teacher with experience in teaching Technology and graphics. Qualitative was-structured interviews and non-participant observation were used, and inductive content analysis was used for data analysis. The results showed that although the teacher understood very basic concepts of graphics, the use of demonstration aids graphics teaching. Furthermore, the results showed that procuring resources for successful graphics teaching is a challenging factor. This article then concludes that constructivist theory has potential towards the teaching of graphics.
Two-step shear thinning in deeply supercooled liquids
Authors: Mizuno Hideyuki , Ikeda Atsushi , Kawasaki Takeshi , Miyazaki Kunimasa
Published: November 2023

Nonlinear rheological phenomena are often observed in complex fluids and soft materials. For instance, although supercooled glassy liquids behave as a Newtonian fluid with a shear-rate independent viscosity under slow flows, they exhibit a significant reduction in viscosity when exposed to fast shear flows. Despite being fundamentally and practically important, the mechanism behind this phenomenon, known as shear thinning, has remained unsolved for decades. In the past, various theories including the mode coupling theory (MCT) have been put forward, which, however, propose conflicting scenarios. To resolve this conflict, we use computer simulations to study the Gaussian core model that mimics soft materials like star polymers and dendrimers. Remarkably, we discover that two distinct scenarios, "advection" and "distortion", emerge at different shear rates, which results in a two-step shear thinning phenomenon. We extend the schematic model of the MCT to account for distortion and advection mechanisms simultaneously, and theoretically explain the two-step thinning. Our results gain a consensus between competing theories, and establish a comprehensive understanding of the shear thinning in supercooled liquids. The two-step shear thinning can occur in various soft materials; in particular, star polymers and dendrimers can be utilized to validate our numerical and theoretical results experimentally.
Phenotype-Driven Molecular Genetic Test Recommendation for Diagnosing Pediatric Rare Disorders
Authors: Weng Chunhua , Chen Fangyi , Ahimaz Priyanka , Wang Kai , Chung Wendy , Ta Casey , Liu Cong
Published: November 2023

Rare disease patients often endure prolonged diagnostic odysseys and may still remain undiagnosed for years. Selecting the appropriate genetic tests is crucial to lead to timely diagnosis. Phenotypic features offer great potential for aiding genomic diagnosis in rare disease cases. We see great promise in effective integration of phenotypic information into genetic test selection workflow. In this study, we present a phenotype-driven molecular genetic test recommendation (Phen2Test) for pediatric rare disease diagnosis. Phen2Test was constructed using frequency matrix of phecodes and demographic data from the EHR before ordering genetic tests, with the objective to streamline the selection of molecular genetic tests (whole-exome / whole-genome sequencing, or gene panels) for clinicians with minimum genetic training expertise. We developed and evaluated binary classifiers based on 1,005 individuals referred to genetic counselors for potential genetic evaluation. In the evaluation using the gold standard cohort, the model achieved strong performance with an AUROC of 0.82 and an AUPRC of 0.92. Furthermore, we tested the model on another silver standard cohort (n=6,458), achieving an overall AUROC of 0.72 and an AUPRC of 0.671. Phen2Test was adjusted to align with current clinical guidelines, showing superior performance with more recent data, demonstrating its potential for use within a learning healthcare system as a genomic medicine intervention that adapts to guideline updates. This study showcases the practical utility of phenotypic features in recommending molecular genetic tests with performance comparable to clinical geneticists. Phen2Test could assist clinicians with limited genetic training and knowledge to order appropriate genetic tests.
Optimization and Component Linking Through Dynamic Tree Identification (DSI)
Authors: Galić Radoslav , Čajić Elvir
Published: November 2023

In this research, we present an innovative approach to connecting components using a Dynamic Identification Tree. The algorithm is designed to efficiently label connected components of digital objects, providing an improvement over existing methods. The dynamic identification tree enables accurate and fast labeling, thus facilitating topology analysis of digital objects. This approach promises universal applicability and exceptional efficiency in various data processing contexts.
Multi Sentence Description of Complex Manipulation Action Videos
Authors: Ziaeetabar Fatemeh , Safabakhsh Reza , Momtazi Saeedeh , Tamosiunaite Minija , Wörgötter Florentin
Published: November 2023

Automatic video description requires the generation of natural language statements about the actions, events, and objects in the video. An important human trait, when we describe a video, is that we are able to do this with variable levels of detail. Different from this, existing approaches for automatic video descriptions are mostly focused on single sentence generation at a fixed level of detail. Instead, here we address video description of manipulation actions where different levels of detail are required for being able to convey information about the hierarchical structure of these actions relevant also for modern approaches of robot learning.
We propose one hybrid statistical and one end-to-end framework to address this problem. The hybrid method needs much less data for training, because it models statistically uncertainties within the video clips, while in the end-to-end method, which is more data-heavy, we are directly connecting the visual encoder to the language decoder without any intermediate (statistical) processing step.
Both frameworks use LSTM stacks to allow for different levels of description granularity and videos can be described by simple single-sentences or complex multiple-sentence descriptions. In addition, quantitative results demonstrate that these methods produce more realistic descriptions than other competing approaches.
Beyond Forgeries: Advancing UTME Security Measures for Transparency and Reliability
Authors: Bernard Ephraim
Published: November 2023

The research critically examines the current security features of the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) results in Nigeria, highlighting their vulnerabilities and proposing pragmatic solutions to enhance result authentication. The study emphasizes the importance of robust security measures in maintaining the integrity of the examination system, especially in the face of increasing attempts at result manipulation and forgery. While acknowledging the existing security features, including the candidate's photo, watermark, and QR code, the research reveals significant weaknesses, such as the absence of advanced security elements and the limited functionality of the QR code verification system. To address these challenges, the study advocates for a comprehensive approach, recommending measures such as exclusive issuance of result slips by the Joint Admission and Matriculation Board (JAMB), real-time third-party authentication systems, and accessible lists of top scorers. The proposed solutions aim to streamline the verification process, boost public trust in JAMB's operations, and generate additional revenue for the examination board. The research underscores the necessity of continuous improvement and adaptation in security measures to ensure the credibility and reliability of UTME results.
Correlation analysis between the changes in the root canal area and the intervertebral foramen cross-sectional area and the relevant scores of clinical symptom improvement in patients with unilateral L4-L5 spinal stenosis after MIS-TLIF
Authors: Ban wenrui , Wang haifan , Bai chuanyi , Zheng shaozhi , Tian lei , Wang haoyu
Published: November 2023

Objective
This study aimed to investigate changes in the root canal area and the cross-sectional area of the intervertebral foramen in patients with unilateral L4-L5 spinal stenosis who underwent Minimally Invasive Surgery-Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (MIS-TLIF) and their correlation with clinical symptom improvement.
Methods
We selected 35 patients diagnosed and treated for unilateral L4-L5 spinal stenosis at our hospital from June 2020 to February 2022. We recorded intraoperative blood loss, operation time, and postoperative complications. The study compared changes in nerve root canal area observed in CT scans before and after MIS-TLIF surgery in spinal stenosis patients. We also assessed the nerve root canal area at different heights and the L4-L5 intervertebral foramen area. Preoperative and postoperative scores were collected for ODI (Oswestry Disability Index), NRS (Numeric Rating Scale), EQ-5D (EuroQol-5D), and GPE (Global Perceived Effect) to evaluate clinical symptoms. Correlation analyses were conducted between changes in clinical scores and changes in the above-mentioned anatomical areas.
Results
All patients underwent successful surgeries with an average operation time of 122.2 ± 20.33 minutes and an average intraoperative blood loss of 231.43 ± 129.53 ml. Five cases required blood transfusions, and three cases experienced postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage, which resolved with bed rest and fluid infusion. There were no infections, but eight cases had postoperative anemia, and no other complications, such as pulmonary embolism, occurred. Postoperative ODI and EQ-5D scores at 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months showed significant improvement compared to preoperative scores. Linear correlation analysis revealed that the cross-sectional area of the lumbar root canal was negatively correlated with ODI scores (r=-0.45, P < 0.01), positively correlated with EQ-5D scores (r = 0.46, P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with NRS-leg scores (r=-0.47, P < 0.01). Moreover, the L4-L5 intervertebral foramen area was significantly negatively correlated with ODI scores (r=-0.80, P < 0.01) and positively correlated with EQ-5D scores (r = 0.517, P < 0.01).
Conclusion
Identifying lumbar spinal stenosis preoperatively provides valuable guidance for effective decompression during minimally invasive surgery. However, this study has limitations, primarily due to the small sample size of patients with unilateral single-level L4-L5 symptoms. Further research with a larger sample size is warranted.
An ensemble deep learning approach for air quality estimation in Delhi, India
Authors: Mohan Anju S , Abraham Lizy
Published: November 2023

South Asian megacities are significant contributors to the degrading air quality. In highly populated northern India, Delhi is a major hotspot for air pollutants that influence health and climate. Effective mitigation of air pollution is impeded by inadequate estimation which emphasizes the need for cost-effective alternatives. This paper proposes an ensemble model based on transformer and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models to estimate air quality from images and weather parameters in Delhi. A Data Efficient Image transformer (DeiT) is fine-tuned with outdoor images, and parallelly dark-channel prior extracted from images are fed to a CNN model. Additionally, a 1-dimensional CNN is trained with meteorological features to improve accuracy. The predictions from these three parallel branches are then fused with ensemble learning to classify images into six Air Quality Index (AQI) classes and estimate the AQI value. To train and validate the proposed model, an image dataset is collected from Delhi, India termed ‘AirSetDelhi’ and properly labeled with ground-truth AQI values. Experiments conducted on the dataset demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms other deep learning networks in the literature. The model achieved an overall accuracy of 89.28% and a Cohen Kappa score of 0.856 for AQI classification, while it obtained an RMSE of 47.36 and an R2 value of 0.861 for AQI estimation, demonstrating efficacy in both tasks. As a regional estimation model based on images and weather features, the proposed model offers an alternative feasible approach for air quality estimation.
Psoriasis and depression: mendelian randomization study
Authors: Tian Shuang , Liu Ying , Yuan Ying , Li Jiamin , Zhao Suxia , Zhao Fangchao , Wang Hui
Published: November 2023

Background
The association between psoriasis (PSO) and depression has recently gained significant attention among researchers. However, the precise nature of the relationship between these two conditions remains to be determined. The objective of this study is to investigate a causality between PSO and depression using a two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
Methods
Summary statistics for PSO and depression were derived from multiple comprehensive genome-wide association studies. A MR design was employed to examine the causal relationship between PSO and depression. The primary analyses were conducted using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. Additionally, MR Steiger and colocalization analyses were employed to evaluate the robustness of these genetic variants in relation to PSO and depression.
Results
Genetic susceptibility to PSO was found to be associated with an elevated risk of depression (OR: 1.348; 95% CI: 1.141–1.592, P = 0.004). This relationship was supported by other analysis methods as well. Furthermore, MR Steiger's analysis confirmed a causal relationship between PSO and depression ("TRUE"). Colocalization analyses indicated the presence of a shared causal variant (rs12189871, PP.H4 = 1) within the genomic test regions for both PSO and depression.
Conclusions
Our research provides evidence for a potential causal relationship between PSO and depression.
“Formulation and Evaluation of Solid Lipid-Based Nano Formulation of Itraconazole”
Authors: Amit Prof. Amit P. Sinhal , Rajendra Rajendra D. Wagh
Published: November 2023

Itraconazole, a stable, white, odorless, and tasteless powder, displayed a melting point of 167°C and limited water solubility. The partition coefficient favored stearic acid, indicating its potential as a lipid for drug delivery. UV/visible spectra revealed characteristic peaks in the 200–400 nano meter range, offering insights into Itraconazole's composition. Calibration curves in different buffers demonstrated strong linearity, aiding precise drug quantification. Compatibility studies assessed drug-polymer interactions for safe delivery. Stearic and palmitic acids, key components in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), exhibited distinct characteristics. FTIR studies highlighted Itraconazole's significant peaks, aiding compound identification. Tween 80's selection as a surfactant for SLN was based on physical appearance. A 0.5% w/v Tween 80 concentration was optimal for SLN formulation, enhancing particle capture. DSC analyses revealed Itraconazole's crystalline nature, while XRD studies assessed the crystallinity of compounds. Viscosity studies mimicking precorneal tear film behavior informed SLN stability. TEM images confirmed SLN morphology, emphasizing minimal ocular irritation potential. The ex-vivo permeation study in rats demonstrated SLN's impact on Itraconazole pharmacokinetics, presenting changes in Tmax, Cmax, and AUC. The dissolution study revealed sustained drug release over 12 hours, beneficial for therapeutic drug levels. A 6-month stability study affirmed ISN7's exceptional stability, ensuring reliability over its shelf life. The skin irritation test in rats confirmed the safety of ISN7, crucial for potential human use.
WITHDRAWN: Application of medical care four-hand operation mode in digital indirect bonding of palisade guide
Authors: Hu Meichun , Cao Yannan , Wu Xiangbing , Jiang Qian , Zhu Fangyong
Published: November 2023

This study summarizes the effect of high quality medical carefour-hand operation mode in indirect bonding technology. The technology was applied to the palisade guide for excess binder production and the transfer accuracy of the pallet.
Materials and methods: Upper dental arch data of an elderly patient with periodontitis was obtained using an intraoral scanner. Twenty upper dental arch models were 3D printed. 3Shape, PlastyCAD software, and 3D printing technology were used to obtain ten 3D printed palisade guides (3D PPG Method I) and semi-wrapped guides (SWG Method II). The bracket was transferred from the guide plate to the 3D printed upper dental arch model. After the bracket transfer, the excess binder, linearity, and Angle errors were measured through a four-hand operation, including preoperative preparation, intraoperative coordination, and postoperative care. The differences between the two methods were also analyzed.
Results: The comparison of the two methods revealed that the SWG of 9.673(8.185-11.237) was greater than 3D PPG (P<0.001) in terms of excess binder – The difference was statistically significant. Further, SWG’s vertical direction error was 0.191 (0.136-0.210) in terms of linear error, which was greater than that of 3D PPG (P<0.001)- The difference was statistically significant. In terms of Angle deviation, the SWG’s Tip and Torque were 0.788 (0.717-0.825) (P<0.05) and 0.908 (0.855-0.983) (P<0.001), respectively. Both of these values were greater than that of 3D PPG and were statistically significant. Thus, all these results favoured 3D PPG. The study data of anterior teeth, cusp teeth, and premolars showed that the premolars were excess adhesive (P<0.05), and both methods had statistical significance. The 3D PPG were premolars Vertical(P<0.05), while the SWG premolars were Transversal and Torque(P<0.05), and the anterior Rotation(P<0.05)- All the values were statistically significant.
Conclusions: Skilled medical care four-hand operation was necessary for the palisade guide to achieve less adhesive residue and higher bonding accuracy. Among them, the residual amount of binder, linear, and angular error of the palisade guide was less than that of the semi-wrapped guide, which was conducive to clinical popularization.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study on the Mechanism of the inhibitory of N,N-dimethyl-3β- hydroxycholenamide (DMHCA) on 3β-hydroxysterol-Δ24-reductase(DHCR24)
Authors: Wang Zhibin , Yang Wenyu , Han Yufang , Zhao Linlin , Lu Ziyin , Gao Bing , Lu Xiuli
Published: November 2023

3β-hydroxysterol-Δ24-reductase (DHCR24) is a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent oxidoreductase. N,N-dimethyl-3β-hydroxycholenamide (DMHCA) is a steroidal ligand of LXRs that exerts anti-atherogenic effects. It is reported that DMHCA also inhibits the enzyme DHCR24 resulting in an accumulation of desmosterol and the reduction of plasma cholesterol, however, the detail mechanism is still unknown. To explore the mechanism of the inhibitory effect of DMHCA on DHCR24, we performed the molecular docking and MD simulations of two complexes of DHCR24-fad-desmosterol and DHCR24-fad-dmhca. We found docking site of the DMHCA to the DHCR24 is very close to that of the desmosterol, the hydrophobic pockets are the same.. The results obtained from MD simulation showed the binding energy of the desmosterol to the DHCR24-fad are − 51.67 kcal/mol while that of DMHCA is -31.48 kcal/mol, suggesting that DMHCA also has a relative high affinity to DHCR24. In addition, the binding of DMHCA to DHCR24 also changed the binding manner of FAD to DHCR24. Taken together, our results for the first time demonstrated at the molecular structure level that DMHCA blocks DHCR24 activity through a competitive-inhibiting manner, which can provide information for the study and design new types of cholesterol-lowering drug by targeting DHCR24.
Conjugate Gradient-Style Momentum Method with Adaptive Difference for Image Classification
Authors: Ouyang Chen , Jian Ailun , Zhao Xiong , Yuan Gonglin
Published: November 2023

SGDM is a classic momentum method, which is widely used in machine learning due to its high convergence accuracy. One disadvantage of SGDM is the slow convergence speed. In recent years, some scholars have proposed SGDMD, which attempts to use the idea of differentiation to adjust the convergence direction to accelerate convergence. On this basis, we introduced an adaptive differential method to obtain a new method, stochastic gradient descent with adpative momentum and difference (SGDAMD). In a sense, it is also a type of PID controller. Compared with SGDMD, SGDAMD has good results in experiments with fixed learning rate and vanishing learning rate and achieves greater stability in changes of both loss value and accuracy.
Effect of superhydrophobic surfaces on rod bundle flow dynamics
Authors: Rodriguez Angel Rodriguez , Makiharju Simo Makiharju
Published: November 2023

Pressurized water reactors are designed to operate in a single-phase flow.However, during a flow loss or other off-design conditions liquid temperaturemay exceed saturation temperature and, if a continuous film of gas forms,a boiling casualty may result. If superhydrophobic surfaces are introduced among the fuel cell assembly, vapor bubbles show an affinity to these surfaces and gas may coalesce to escape faster resulting in a larger margin to reach Critical Heat Flux. In the present study we consider air and liquid water mixture examining the overall flow dynamics in a case with no bulk liquid flow, reminiscent of a case with coolant pump failure. The parameter ranges examined span Reynolds number based on gas superficial velocity up to 5,300 and produced bubble with Bond numbers from 1 to 270, and Weber numbers based on estimated terminal velocity from 0.6 to 150. The Morton number was fixed at 2.63×10−11. As the flow with high gas volume fraction becomes optically opaque and is sensitive to intrusive instrumentation, a custom build photon-counting dual energy threshold X-ray computed tomography system is employed for measurement of the time average void fraction within the bundle non-intrusively. Two dual plane wire mesh sensors upstream and downstream of the rod bundle are employed to obtain comparison void fraction,velocity profiles and bubble size distributions. Additionally, traditional pressure-based gas holdup measurements are employed to calculate time and volume averaged void fraction. The data shows that the presence of superhydrophobic surface in the rod bundle results in a significantly lower gas volume fraction compared to those in a similar rod bundle without superhydrophobic internals.
Assessment of the impact of organic matter discharges from a nuclear power plant with a recirculating cooling water system
Authors: Kuznietsov Pavlo , Biedunkova Olha
Published: November 2023

Nuclear power plants (NPPs) use large amounts of water for cooling, recirculating cooling water systems (RCWS) take water and discharge it to the environment, concentrate natural constituents and introduce chemicals used to maintain the chemistry of the NPP. Changes in organic matter (OM) content can be caused by natural processes as well as human activities. Natural OM content shows seasonal patterns, high OM loads can lead to microbial blooms which further affect water quality. The subject of the research is OM discharges with return water from RCWS NPPs. The research was carried out using the example of the RCWS Rivne NPP and the water of the Styr River, from which the Rivne NPP uses water. The purpose of the research is to study OM discharges, and to conduct an environmental assessment of the impact on the surface water of the Styr River on the water discharges of the Rivne NPP. The relevance of the research lies in the assessment of the nonradiative environmental impact of the NPP, with the establishment of a correlation between the OM content and the technological modes of operation of the Rivne NPP. The novelty of the research is the multicomponent evaluation of the OM content by various indicators of TOC, COD and BOD5 control and determination of the dynamics of their changes with the establishment of variability factors. The practical value of the study lies in the possibility of applying the methods to other power plants using RCWS.
Effect of dolutegravir-based versus efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy on excessive weight gain in adult treatment-naïve HIV patients at Matsanjeni Health Center, Eswatini: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mukuna Didier M. , Decroo Tom , Nyapokoto Clara M.
Published: November 2023

Background: Because of its effectiveness, the dolutegravir (DTG)-containing regimen is recommended for antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Eswatini. Dolutegravir (DTG)-associated weight gain is well documented, but with limited data from settings with a dual burden of HIV and overnutrition, such as Eswatini. We sought to investigate DTG-associated weight gain in adult treatment-naïve HIV patients at Matsanjeni Health Centre in Eswatini.
Methods: In a retrospective study, we analysed the BMI of 156 and 160 patients on DTG-based and EFV-based antiretroviral therapy (ART), respectively, at baseline and 24 months after ART initiation. We used the Wilcoxon rank sum test to compare the median BMI increase between both ART regimens and logistic regression to estimate the association between the ART regimen and excessive weight gain, defined as any BMI greater than the baseline BMI and greater than or equal to 25 kg/m2 24 months post ART initiation.
Results: Overall, the median BMI increase in DTG-based patients was 1.09 (IQR: -0.28–3.28) kg/m2 compared to 0.2 (IQR: -0.85–2.18) kg/m2 in EFV-based patients (p value=0.001). The majority of participants (57.7%) on the DTG-based regimen had a normal baseline BMI. Of 90 patients with a normal baseline BMI, 33.3% evolved to overweight; 35% of 40 patients evolved from overweight at baseline to class 1 obesity; and 31.3% of 16 patients from class 1 obesity at baseline progressed to class 2 obesity. An excessive BMI increase was found in 35.3% of DTG-based regimen patients 24 months after initiation (p value <0.001). There was a strong association between the DTG-based regimen and excessive weight gain (p value <0.01).
Conclusion: Despite its effectiveness, practitioners should consider DTG-based regimens as one of the risk factors for overweight/obesity and strengthen patients management and monitoring to prevent obesity-associated NCDs.
Radial solutions for a class of multiparameter singular k-Hessian systems
Authors: Ding Huanhuan , Gao Chenghua , He Xingyue
Published: November 2023

This paper is devoted to studying the coupled system of multiparameter k-Hessian equations S_k(\mu(D^2u_1))=\lambda_1\rho_1(|x|)f_1(-u_1,-u_2) in B, S_k(\mu(D^2u_2))=\lambda_2\rho_2(|x|)f_2(-u_1,-u_2) in B, u_1=u_2=0 on \partial B, where B=\{x\in\mathbb{R}^n:|x|<1\}, \lambda_1,\lambda_2 are positive parameters, \rho_i\,(i=1,2) is singular near the boundary \partial B, f_i\,(i=1,2) satisfies a combined superlinear condition at \infty. Employing the fixed point theorem of Krasnosel'skii type in Banach space, the existence and multiplicity of nontrivial radial solutions are established. In particular, the dependence of the solutions on the parameters \lambda_1,\lambda_2 is also discussed. Finally, we study the nonexistence results of nontrivial radial solutions for the case \lambda_1,\lambda_2\gg1.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 34B15, 34B18.
Coffee Grounds as Renewable Filler in NBR Biocomposites
Authors: Öncel Şehriban , Ünügül Tuba , ABACI Ufuk , Karaağaç Bağdagül
Published: November 2023

Using biological/renewable resources as filler or modifier in both thermoplastics and rubbers has been of a great interest in order to reduce negative effects of traditional petroleum/natural gas based fillers. In this study, the main goal was the use of spent (waste) coffee grounds as a natural alternative filler to carbon black in acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) based compounds. Stabilization effect of fresh coffee grounds was also investigated. Both fresh and spent coffee grounds were gradually replaced with CB in a reference (control) NBR compound formulation. Rheological, physico-mechanical, thermal, morphological, and dielectric properties of the biocomposites were tested and compared with the control. Processability has been affected positively in the case of using coffee grounds thanks to the presence of triacyl groups in coffee. Improved abrasion resistance and lower oil swelling could be obtained for coffee containing compounds. In conclusion, spent coffee grounds were found to be a good natural alternative filler for preparing NBR based biocomposites without a significant change in material properties.
Numerical Simulation for Marangoni Convective Transport of Electro MHD flow of second grade fluid through Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass fluxes over an exponentially stretching surface
Authors: Gupta Sumit , Sangtani Virendra , Jain Chandra Prakash , Jain Pawan Kumar
Published: November 2023

This paper addresses the Bernard-Marangoni convectively flow of Electrically Magneto Hydrodynamic (EMHD) second grade fluid over an exponentially stretching surface. Fluid motion is produced owing to the temperature and soluble gradient difference, hence Marangoni effects occurs if there is an archetypally deviations of surficial tensions at the two-phase interface. Flow is encouraged by non-Fourier heat flux perception. Impact of thermo-diffusion and diffusion-thermo are also incorporate in this study. Using the suitable transformation, the system of partial differential equations is discretized to nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The Maple built-in BVP mid rich technique applied to solve these equations. Impact study of entrenched physical non-dimensional parameter over the velocity, temperature and concentration profile are analyzed graphically and a comparative study also discussed with the existing literature. The local friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood numbers are employed in this study. The current work can also be considered as an extensive works in numerous branches of science and engineering.
Acceptability and usability of early digital health rehabilitation after cardiac surgery in the elderly: a qualitative study
Authors: Toft Bente Skovsby , Rodkjaer Lotte Ørneborg , Sørensen Lotte , Saugbjerg Marianne Rørbaek , Bekker Hilary Louise , Modrau Ivy Susanne
Published: November 2023

Background: Increasing numbers of elderly patients experience prolonged decreased functional capacity and impaired quality of life after seemingly successful cardiac surgery. After discharge from hospital, these patients experience a substantial gap in care until centre-based cardiac rehabilitation commences. They may benefit from immediate coaching by means of mobile health technology to overcome psychological and physiological barriers to physical activity. The aim of this study was to explore the usability, acceptability, and relevance of a mobile health application designed to support remote exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation of elderly patients early after cardiac surgery from the perspective of patients, their relatives, and physiotherapists.
Methods: We adapted a home-based mobile health application for use by elderly patients early after cardiac surgery. Semi-structured dyadic interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of patients (n=9), their spouses (n=5), and physiotherapists (n=2) following two weeks of the intervention. The transcribed interviews were analysed thematically.
Results: Three themes were identified: 1) creating an individual fit by tailoring the intervention; 2) prioritizing communication and collaboration; and 3) interacting with the mobile health application. Overall, the findings indicate that the mobile health intervention has the potential to promote engagement, responsibility, and motivation among elderly patients to exercise early after surgery. However, the intervention can also be a burden on patients and their relatives when roles and responsibilities are unclear.
Conclusion: The mobile health intervention showed potential to bridge the intervention gap after cardiac surgery, as well as in fostering engagement, responsibility, and motivation for physical activity among elderly individuals. Nevertheless, our findings emphasize the necessity of tailoring the intervention to accommodate individual vulnerabilities and capabilities. Tailoring the intervention is essential to accommodate individual vulnerabilities and capabilities. The intervention may be improved by addressing a number of organizational and communicational issues. Adaptions should be made according to the barriers and facilitators identified in this study prior to testing the effectiveness of the intervention on a larger scale. Future research should focus on the implementation of a hybrid design that supplements or complements face-to-face and centre-based cardiac rehabilitation.
Trial registration: Danish Data Protection Agency, Central Denmark Region (1-16-02-193-22, 11 August 2022).