bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does Speech Enhancement of Publicly Available Data Help Build Robust Speech Recognition Systems? (Student Abstract)
Authors: Ghai Bhavya , Ramanan Buvana , Mueller Klaus
Published: June 2020

Automatic speech recognition(ASR) systems play a key role in many commercial products including voice assistants. Typically, they require large amounts of high quality speech data for training which gives an undue advantage to large organizations which have tons of private data. We investigated if speech data obtained from publicly available sources can be further enhanced to train better speech recognition models. We begin with noisy/contaminated speech data, apply speech enhancement to produce 'cleaned' version and use both the versions to train the ASR model. We have found that using speech enhancement gives 9.5% better word error rate than training on just the original noisy data and 9% better than training on just the ground truth 'clean' data. It's performance is also comparable to the ideal case scenario when trained on noisy and it's ground truth 'clean' version.
Inception LSTM for Next-frame Video Prediction (Student Abstract)
Authors: Hosseini Matin , Maida Anthony S. , Hosseini Majid , Raju Gottumukkala
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we proposed a novel deep-learning method called Inception LSTM for video frame prediction. A standard convolutional LSTM uses a single size kernel for each of its gates. Having multiple kernel sizes within a single gate would provide a richer features that would otherwise not be possible with a single kernel. Our key idea is to introduce inception like kernels within the LSTM gates to capture features from a bigger area of the image while retaining the fine resolution of small information. We implemented the proposed idea of inception LSTM network on PredNet network with both inception version 1 and inception version 2 modules. The proposed idea was evaluated on both KITTI and KTH data. Our results show that the Inception LSTM has better predictive performance compared to convolutional LSTM. We also observe that LSTM with Inception version 1 has better predictive performance compared to Inception version 2, but Inception version 2 has less computational cost.
Self-Supervised, Semi-Supervised, Multi-Context Learning for the Combined Classification and Segmentation of Medical Images (Student Abstract)
Authors: Imran Abdullah-Al-Zubaer , Huang Chao , Tang Hui , Fan Wei , Xiao Yuan , Hao Dingjun , Qian Zhen , Terzopoulos Demetri
Published: June 2020

To tackle the problem of limited annotated data, semi-supervised learning is attracting attention as an alternative to fully supervised models. Moreover, optimizing a multiple-task model to learn “multiple contexts” can provide better generalizability compared to single-task models. We propose a novel semi-supervised multiple-task model leveraging self-supervision and adversarial training—namely, self-supervised, semi-supervised, multi-context learning (S4MCL)—and apply it to two crucial medical imaging tasks, classification and segmentation. Our experiments on spine X-rays reveal that the S4MCL model significantly outperforms semi-supervised single-task, semi-supervised multi-context, and fully-supervised single-task models, even with a 50% reduction of classification and segmentation labels.
I Know Where You Are Coming From: On the Impact of Social Media Sources on AI Model Performance (Student Abstract)
Authors: Qi Yang , Aleksandr Farseev , Andrey Filchenkov
Published: June 2020

Nowadays, social networks play a crucial role in human everyday life and no longer purely associated with spare time spending. In fact, instant communication with friends and colleagues has become an essential component of our daily interaction giving a raise of multiple new social network types emergence. By participating in such networks, individuals generate a multitude of data points that describe their activities from different perspectives and, for example, can be further used for applications such as personalized recommendation or user profiling. However, the impact of the different social media networks on machine learning model performance has not been studied comprehensively yet. Particularly, the literature on modeling multi-modal data from multiple social networks is relatively sparse, which had inspired us to take a deeper dive into the topic in this preliminary study. Specifically, in this work, we will study the performance of different machine learning models when being learned on multi-modal data from different social networks. Our initial experimental results reveal that social network choice impacts the performance and the proper selection of data source is crucial.
Postictal generalized EEG suppression and postictal immobility: what do we know?
Authors: Bruno Elisa , Richardson Mark P. ,   RADAR‐CNS Consortium
Published: June 2020

Despite representing the leading cause of epilepsy‐related mortality, the pathophysiology of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) remains elusive. In this context, the identification of clinical markers of SUDEP assumes a great importance and has been the target of many studies aimed at stratifying patients’ individual risk. Among the potentially most hazardous post‐ictal phenomena observed following convulsive seizures in monitored SUDEP cases, postictal generalized EEG suppression and postictal immobility have attracted attention as potential SUDEP risk factors. In this manuscript, we review the current knowledge on postictal generalized EEG suppression and postictal immobility, aiming to identify their pathophysiological mechanisms, reported frequencies and associated clinical factors, and critically evaluate the evidence on their potential relevance as SUDEP risk markers.
Comparison of the effectiveness and tolerability of perampanel and brivaracetam: a real‐world, observational, retrospective study
Authors: Liguori Claudio , Manfredi Natalia , Renna Rosaria , Izzi Francesca , Pagliuca Mauro , Pagliuca Francesco , Mercuri Nicola Biagio , Fabio Placidi
Published: June 2020

Aim. Perampanel (PER) and brivaracetam (BRV) are third‐generation antiseizure medications. The aim of the present retrospective, double‐centre study was to compare the effectiveness and tolerability between PER and BRV in adult patients with epilepsy.

Methods. We reviewed the clinical charts of patients affected by epilepsy, admitted to the Epilepsy Centre at the University Hospital of Rome “Tor Vergata” and the Cardarelli Hospital in Naples, who started BRV or PER as add‐on treatment for controlling seizures with a follow‐up of 12 months. Seizure freedom, >50% seizure reduction, retention rate, and adverse events reported during follow‐up were compared between the two drugs. Moreover, we considered the effects of both drugs in specific subsets of patients: age ≥60 years, male or female, in patients with genetic generalized epilepsy, and considering previous treatment with levetiracetam (LEV).

Results. Forty‐three patients treated with BRV and 64 patients treated with PER were included in this study and followed at both sites for 12 months. Similar effectiveness was observed between BRV and PER, with similar rates of seizure freedom (30% vs 31%) and >50% seizure reduction (32% vs 34%) during follow‐up. Moreover, PER and BRV discontinuation rates, due to ineffectiveness or adverse events, were similar. Groups of patients who started BRV or PER as first add‐on treatments were also compared but no differences in effectiveness or tolerability were identified. Lastly, BRV was shown to be more effective in patients who were not previously treated with LEV.

Conclusions. This retrospective study reveals comparable effectiveness and tolerability between PER and BRV also when used as first add‐on treatments, in patients with epilepsy.
Uluslararası İstanbul Bienali (1987-2019) Sergi Mekânları
Authors: YÜCEL Gül , CİRİTCİ İlke
Published: June 2020

Çalışmada Uluslararası İstanbul Bienali’nin sergi mekanlarının kentteki yayılımı ve bienal kapsamında geliştirilen yeni mekânların kente etkileri tartışılmıştır. Otuz yılı aşan tarihiyle bienalin İstanbul gibi yer, zaman, kültür ve tarihin katmanlaştığı bir kentte nasıl bir etki oluşturduğu, sergileme mekânları üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada İstanbul’da bienal çerçevesinde kullanılan mekanların incelenmesi ve bienal kurumu İstanbul Kültür ve Sanat Vakfı ile yapılan görüşme yoluyla elde edilen veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirmede bienal ölçeğinde kullanılan mekanlar kapsamında, konum, kullanım türü, yapısal özellikler, kent belleğindeki önemi, bienal sonrası geçirdiği değişim dikkate alınmıştır. Bienal sanatçılarının kente bıraktığı kalıcı eserler mekânsal anlamda değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları müze olarak kullanılan tarihi yapıların bienal çerçevesinde daha çok tercih edilmiş olduğunu göstermektedir. Kente yayılım açısından tarihi yarımada ile birlikte Beyoğlu’nun mekânsal kullanımda ağırlıklı olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Bununla birlikte, son yıllarda seçilen sergi mekânları, kentlinin Adalar gibi şehrin uzak noktalarını da bu kapsamda ziyaretini sağladığı söylenebilir.
Mülkiyet Bakımından Silistre Sancağı’nda Değirmenler (XVI. ve XVII. Yüzyıllar)
Authors: KÖÇ Ahmet
Published: June 2020

Osmanlı toplumunda vergi kaynaklarının tespiti için düzenli defterler tutulmuş olup özellikle tahrir ve temettüât defterlerinde değirmenlerden bahsedilmiştir. Değirmenler bir bölgenin su kaynakları hakkında ipuçları verebildiği gibi kimi zaman da vergi unsuru olmalarından dolayı, bağlı bulundukları vakıfların iktisadî teşekkülleri olarak kaynaklarda belirtilmişlerdir. Silistre Sancağı’nda olduğu gibi su kaynaklarının fazlaca bulunduğu yerlerde çok sayıda değirmenin yapılması iktisadî açıdan daha fazla gelir elde edilmesi, toplum açısından günlük hayatın kolaylaşması, refahın artması anlamlarını taşımış olsa da esas olarak bu durum, vakıf kurucusu padişahların, devlet adamlarının ve varlıklı kişilerin hayırseverliklerini akla getirmektedir. Çalışmada çeşitli kaynaklardan yararlanarak Doğu Rumeli’de kurulmuş değirmenler mülkiyet bakımından ele alınacaktır
Las TIC en las comunicaciones en la escuela. Percepción de profesorado y familias
Authors: Briones Elena , García Lastra Marta , Gómez Pérez Eva María
Published: June 2020

En este trabajo se aborda una de las consecuencias de la llegada de las TIC al mundo educativo menos estudiada hasta el momento: los cambios que estas están produciendo en las relaciones familia-escuela al promover nuevas formas de comunicación o, de manera paralela, fórmulas diversas para aumentar su implicación y participación. En concreto, se analiza la percepción que familias y profesorado de distintas etapas educativas tienen de las TIC en sus comunicaciones, atendiendo a su uso, adecuación y temáticas abordadas. Así mismo, se indaga en larelación entrela percepción delasrelacionesen lacomunidad educativa, lavaloración delas TIC ytemáticas abordadas en las comunicaciones. Los resultados evidencian diferencias en función de la etapa analizada, así como también ciertas similitudes yconcordanciasen las percepciones defamiliasy profesorado. Deesta manera,seidentifica quelacomunicación en Educación Secundaria se concentra en el control y seguimiento en mayor medida que en Primaria, nivel en el que el intercambio de información sobre actividades extraescolares, materiales o distintos aspectos del centro es una temática habitual a la que el profesorado dedica más atención. Los medios percibidos como menos idóneos son las redes sociales y los mensajes de WhatsApp. Se concluye valorando la necesidad de fomentar la participación en el centro escolar reforzando el uso adecuado de las TIC, con el fin último de favorecer el abordaje de temáticas que vayan más allá del control y seguimiento escolar.
Discapacidad intelectual y el uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación: revisión sistemática
Authors: Hernández Sánchez Brizeida , Vargas Morua Gioconda , González Cedeño Greisy , Sánchez García José Carlos
Published: June 2020

Este artículo ofrece una visión general existente sobre discapacidad intelectual y su relación con las tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) y con el objetivo de dar una perspectiva global a través de la revisión sistemática de la literatura qué estudios se han realizado sobre discapacidad intelectual y el uso de las TIC como forma de inclusión, a qué conclusiones se ha llegado, y cuáles son los siguientes pasos a seguir. A fin que los estudiantes con discapacidad tengan acceso a la educación. Además, se analizan algunos datos bibliométrico, para situar esta investigación dentro del gran tema de investigación “educación inclusiva”. Los datos se han obtenido a través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura desde 1993 hasta el 2019. El abordaje es cualitativo por cuanto se emplean todos los artículos científicos de SSCI y Scopus que cumplen con las especificaciones requeridas, asociadas a la búsqueda de las variables “intellectual disabilit*”, y “intellectual impair*” (discapacidad intelectual), asociadas con “ICT” e “internet” y sus derivaciones. Los resultados revelan la existencia de siete grandes cluster relacionados: síndrome de Down y otras discapacidades, educación, aprendizaje; discapacidad intelectual y sus padres o cuidadores; discapacidad intelectual y comorbilidad o doble afectación de patología.
Programa emocionatfamilia: acompañamiento emocional desde la primera infancia hasta la adolescencia
Authors: Díez González María Carmen
Published: June 2020

Desde la primera infancia se comienza a despertar la conciencia del “yo”. Estos indicadores se observan en el propio vocabulario de la infancia que se transforma en “mío” y “tu no”. En las primeras etapas evolutivas, el lenguaje está calado de emociones que consideran iguales a las suyas. El niño todavía no puede comprender que su punto de vista no es sino uno de tantos posibles y proyecta sobre el mundo lo que experimenta él mismo. En esta etapa, surge la culpa y ello puede conducir al auto-rechazo y auto-sabotaje. Mediante la conciencia emocional y el acompañamiento, desde la primera infancia, podemos observar la sensación opuesta a lo que estamos viviendo para poder comenzar así a liberarnos de los miedos. Sentir miedo es algo natural, pero utilizar el miedo y responder al miedo provoca bloqueos que se están proyectando en la edad adulta. Por ejemplo, estamos proyectando miedos infantiles como “separarnos de los familiares”, “quedarnos solos”, “miedo a accidentes o caídas” etc., a la edad adulta provocando así una necesidad constante de aceptación, refuerzo y de búsqueda del placer. Por ello, desde el programa EmocionaT-Familia nos invitan a aceptar la posibilidad de que hemos aceptado la indefensión y sin saberlo hemos permitido que ocurra. ¿Cuánto estamos dispuestos a pagar para tener razón? La respuesta a esta pregunta se desvanece cuando la pregunta es razonable.
Identificación de dificultades de lectura en estudiantes de primero y tercero de educación primaria
Authors: Gorjón Palos Laura , Isidro de Pedro Ana Isabel
Published: June 2020

Este trabajo investiga las dificultades del aprendizaje en la lectura en menores que cursan Primero y Tercero de Educación Primaria. El propósito principal fue detectar dificultades de aprendizaje de lectura en Primaria con la finalidad de que el centro educativo realice una intervención preventiva. La muestra estuvo conformada por 109 estudiantes, con edades comprendidas entre los 6 y 10 años. Para ello, se realizó un estudio empírico en el que se aplicaron las pruebas siguientes: Prueba de Nivel de Lectura Global (TECLE), una prueba de lectura de palabras (PIPE), una prueba de ortografía (ORT) y dos pruebas para la evaluación de las representaciones metafonológicas (SIL y FON). Los resultados muestran que es posible detectar precozmente dificultades de lectura. A partir de dicha detección, los centros escolares pueden llevar a cabo una intervención temprana para que tales dificultades sean mitigadas o subsanadas.
Aps como instrumento de sensibilización hacia la discapacidad en educación superior
Authors: Jiménez Monteagudo Laura
Published: June 2020

El Aprendizaje por servicio (APS) es una herramienta utilizada en la educación superior, con la finalidad de enriquecer el aprendizaje y fortalecer las comunidades, siendo fundamental su potencial transformador como movimiento educativo y social (Calvo, Sotelino y Rodriguez, 2019). El APS es un modelo educativo en clave de solidaridad, ya que promueve los valores cívicos y una cultura emprendedora, favoreciendo una participación ciudadana responsable en la atención a las necesidades de la comunidad (Mendía, 2012). El objetivo del estudio fue conocer el impacto de la metodología de APS como medio de sensibilización de los estudiantes del grado de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (CAFD). Se recopilaron y analizaron algunas de las experiencias de APS desarrolladas por los estudiantes de Deporte Adaptado de tercer curso del Grado de CAFD. Se utilizó la entrevista grupal como técnica cualitativa de recogida de información con 8 participantes de los distintos proyectos analizados. Se pudo observar como elemento común que en todas las experiencias hubo contacto directo con personas con discapacidad. Algunas de las experiencias recogidas de los estudiantes mostraron que este tipo de proyectos promovieron una mayor implicación de éstos en la asignatura de Deporte adaptado. Los estudiantes destacaron la metodología del APS como clave para tener experiencias directas con personas con discapacidad y así promover la sensibilización. Sería deseable promover el uso de la metodología de APS en asignaturas como el Deporte Adaptado, en la educación superior, ya que puede ser un instrumento adecuado para sensibilizar a los estudiantes hacia las personas con algún tipo de discapacidad, algo cada vez más necesario para los futuros profesionales del ámbito.
Relación entre neurociencia y procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje
Authors: García Jiménez Marta , Fernández Cabezas María
Published: June 2020

Estarevisión trata deconceptualizaryentenderel término neurocienciay másconcretamente, delimitarel término neurociencia vinculado a la educación, así como la neurociencia cognitiva, analizando diversos artículos en los que se pueden encontrar autores a favor de la aplicación de la neurociencia en el aula y otros autores que se contraponen a dicha idea alegando los posibles problemas que pueden surgir en su implementación en el aula.Para ello se han utilizado las bases de datos: Dialnet, Proquest, ISOC, Taylor Francis Online y Google escolar. Así como las páginas del Mec y del Colegio Trinitarios. Se han analizado 54 artículos y libros de los cuales 15 son relativos a programas y/o proyectos. Se enfatiza el papel del docente en la implementación de metodologías en el aula vinculadas a la neurociencia, así como factores que influyen en el proceso de aprendizaje del alumno, como son: la plasticidad cerebral y la memoria. Por último, se analizarán 9 programas y/o proyectos sobre todo en el ámbito español, aunque se añaden otros implementados fuera de dicho ámbito (n=10). Así se realiza, también, un análisis sobre la importancia de implementar más metodologías y estrategias en el ámbito educativo español, ya quese han encontrado escasosresultadosal respecto. Con ello se genera una propuesta de extrapolar a las aulas españolas otros programas y/o proyectos implementados en otros contextos, así como generar nuestros propios programas y/o proyectos, para alcanzar un aprendizaje significativo por parte de nuestro alumnado en los distintos niveles educativos.
Educar hacia un corazón inteligente: inteligencia emocional en la niñez
Authors: Muriel Fernández Mónica , Isidro de Pedro Ana Isabel
Published: June 2020

En la actualidad, algunos siguen pensando que la Inteligencia Emocional es una rareza o un esnobismo inventado desde el ámbito de la educación. Aunque la realidad es bien distinta, dado que las emociones forman parte de nuestra cotidianeidad, las experimentamos constantemente y desde pequeños se enseña a reconocer que son parte de uno mismo y que tenemos que aprender a reconocerlas y vivir con ellas. Por ese motivo, consideramos que es ciertamente importante incidir en la Educación Emocional, tomando las aulas como punto de partida. En definitiva, el Objetivo Principal, y General, del presente trabajado es observar la evolución temporal de la Inteligencia Emocional de niños en un ámbito formal a través de la Educación Emocional. Para ello, se observarán seis componentes: Autoconciencia, Autocontrol, Empatía, Habilidades Sociales, Autoconfianza y Tolerancia a la Frustración en una muestra de niños, estudiantes de Educación Primaria, es decir, de entre 6 y 12 años (n=140), utilizando para ello una metodología cualitativa de elaboración propia y diseñada ad hoc.
KAMUDA BİLİŞİM UZMANI PERSONEL DEVİR HIZI SORUNU VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ: TÜİK VAKA ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: METİN Furkan
Published: June 2020

Kamu sektöründeki bilişim uzmanları, bilişim alanında mühendislik eğitimi almış, kariyer uzmanı olarak istihdam edilen ve Y kuşağı olarak tabir edilen 1980'li yıllardan sonra doğan, yabancı dil seviyeleri yüksek ve Kamu Personel Seçme Sınavı'nda birçoğu derece yapmış çalışan kitlesini temsil etmektedir. Bu çalışanların kamu kurumlarından taleplerinin başında kamu yöneticilerinde var olan genel kanının aksine daha yüksek ücret beklentisi değil, kendini gerçekleştirme ihtiyaçlarının tatmin edilememesi yer almaktadır. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu'nda 2012 ve 2016 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen anket çalışmalarından elde edilen bulgular, nitelikli bilişim uzmanlarını işten ayrılmaya iten nedenler arasında daha yüksek ücret beklentisinin bir yıl hariç, beş yıl boyunca hiç ilk sırada yer almadığını göstermiştir. Bu çalışmaya ait bulguların kamuda bilişim uzmanlarına yönelik olarak geliştirilecek insan kaynakları yönetimi stratejileri için fayda sağlayacağı, yönlendirici olacağı düşünülmektedir.
SOUTH-SOUTH TRADE AND NORTH-SOUTH TRADE FOR GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY: A CROSS-COUNTRY ANALYSIS FOR THE CIS COUNTRIES
Authors: YANIKKAYA Halit , ALTUN Abdullah
Published: June 2020

This paper examines the impact of trade with various country groupings on both output and total factor productivity growth of Commonwealth of Independent States countries using the trade measures from the Eora multi-region input-output database for 1990-2013 period. Since the growth and productivity effects of various trade measures vary by several country groupings, this study evaluates the model for the developed countries (North), the developing countries (South), the Commonwealth of Independent States countries (South), the Organization of Islamic Countries (South) and the European Union countries (North) sequentially. Regarding the potential of the Commonwealth of Independent States countries for sustainable competition regionally and globally, this analysis is a worthwhile endeavor to guide the policy makers for future trade collaborations. Moreover, since the Commonwealth of Independent States countries are among the South countries, this study mainly enables the comparison of North-South trade with South-South trade and their effects on output and total factor productivity growth. The most significant result of this analysis is that the Commonwealth of Independent States countries gain more from trade with the South countries in terms of positive output and total factor productivity growth. While the exports of Commonwealth of Independent States countries to all country groups have a positive effect, imports from the North countries for the Commonwealth of Independent States have a negative effect on both income and total factor productivity. Estimates of the effects of trade on growth (both exports and imports) are supported by estimates of the effects on total factor productivity, regardless of the econometric forecast method.
Sociological analysis of Montenegrin teachers’ digital capital
Authors: Cortoni Ida , Perovic Jelena
Published: June 2020

Starting with the concept of digital capital in social sciences, this article presents the key findings of the “Global Kids Online” nationally representative survey of primary and high school teachers’ digital skills and practices that was conducted in Montenegro with Unicef’s support in 2018. Digital capital, as any other form of capital within Bourdieu’s perspective, has a sociological validity only in correlation with other forms of capital – such as economic, cultural and social – in a limited context and according to a multi-dimensional approach which goes from a macro- to a micro-social perspective (Pandolfini, 2016). This article identifies and discusses three perspectives of digital capital – macro, meso-social and micro – and their material (technologies, digital services and school experiments with devices) and non-material resources (digital competencies). Analysis of data from the Montenegrin research relating to this perspective shows that the daily practice of using digital technology in classrooms seems to be marginal, even though most teachers have access to the internet in their schools. Currently the majority of teachers are using the internet at school mostly just for checking information online. Their digital competencies are not generally advanced: on average, social and operational skills are the most developed, while their creative skills are least developed. Therefore, to support the development of children’s media literacy through formal education, further investments towards the strengthening of teachers’ digital competencies need to be made and the research shows that the demand for digital pedagogy courses already exists among most teachers. In other words, the Montenegrin research points to the need to invest more in education and experimentation related to the meso- and micro-social perspectives of digital capital.
Aplicação do Índice de Requalificação Fluvial Urbana para Verificação de Intervenções de Controle de Inundações na Bacia dos Rios Pilar-Calombé, RJ
Authors: Veról Aline Pires , Oliveira Antonio Krishnamurti Beleño de , Amback Beatriz Cruz
Published: June 2020

O trabalho aborda a interação entre o uso do solo e o sistema de manejo de águas pluviais através da avaliação de propostas de recuperação urbana que tenham o rio como elemento de partida, com foco no controle de inundações, mas tratem também de questões de uso e ocupação do solo e recuperação fluvial. A bacia hidrográfica dos Rios Pilar-Calombé, sub-bacia dos Rios Iguaçu-Sarapuí, foi escolhida como estudo de caso por apresentar frequentes falhas no sistema de drenagem e por possuir um projeto de controle e mitigação destas inundações, abordado neste trabalho. Além disso, a área em que está localizada a bacia sofre pressão de urbanização pela presença do Arco Metropolitano, uma vez que a construção da rodovia tem relação direta com os padrões de crescimento urbano, a qualidade da paisagem e a estrutura dos espaços livres. A avaliação das medidas propostas, realizada através da aplicação de um índice, considerou que essas deveriam ser mais sustentáveis, reproduzindo condições fluviais mais próximas das naturais. A requalificação fluvial pode ser uma importante ferramenta para o controle de enchentes, pois pode devolver espaços do rio responsáveis pela alocação dos volumes de cheia, além de resgatar qualidade para o sistema fluvial e gerar oportunidades de revitalização urbana. Essa alternativa deve ser conjugada com técnicas compensatórias de drenagem urbana, aplicadas sobre toda a bacia, para suporte na recuperação de características do ciclo hidrológico natural. O resultado final desta composição de projeto vem minimizar riscos e aumentar a resiliência da cidade.
Петрология и геохимия массива Ташлы-Тау, худолазовский дифференцированный комплекс, Южный Урал
Authors: Рахимов Ильдар Рашитович
Published: June 2020

Введение: Массив Ташлы-Тау представляет собой небольшой шток оливин-роговообманковых габбро, отвечая наиболее ранним по времени проявления продуктам дифференцированного магматизма худолазовского комплекса. Комплекс имеет сложное геологическое строение, поэтому детальные петролого-геохимические исследования отдельных массивов с привлечением численного моделирования параметров кристаллизации позволяют выявить особенности формирования худолазовского комплекса в целом. Цель статьи – реконструкция петрогенезиса габброидов массива Ташлы-Тау, имеющая важное значение ещё и в связи с его сульфидным Cu-Ni оруденением. Методика: Породообразующие минералы габброидов исследовались в оптическом микроскопе Axioskop 40 и на сканирующем электронном микроскопе Tescan Mira 3. Химический состав пород определялся с помощью рентгенофлуоресцентного анализа и масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно-связанной плазмой. Изотопный состав Sr и Nd изучался с помощью термоионизационной спектрометрии. Для разработки модели петрогенезиса использовалось численное COMAGMAT-моделирование и метод геохимической термометрии. Результаты и обсуждение: Выполнено петролого-геохимическое изучение пород массива Ташлы-Тау. В них отмечается широкое развитие роговой обманки – титанистого магнезиогастингсита (~50 мас. %). Габброиды характеризуются относительной обогащённостью крупноионными литофильными элементами (Cs, Rb, Sr, Ba) и обеднённостью высокозарядными элементами (Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, REE). На основе геохимических данных сделан вывод о том, что магматический расплав являлся слабодифференцированным. Численное моделирование показало, что породы формировались из магмы, состоящей из ~20 мас. % вкрапленников оливина (Fo 76) и водонасыщенного базальтового расплава (~1.7 мас. % H2O), характеризующегося высокой глинозёмистостью, железистостью и умеренной магнезиальностью. Sr-Nd изотопный состав пород свидетельствует в пользу слабой коровой контаминации исходного расплава. Для них характерны высокие положительные значения εNd(Т) (+5.2...+10.3) и пониженное содержание радиогенного стронция. В качестве источника материнского расплава мог служить мантийный резервуар типа PREMA. Заключение: Полученные результаты важны для понимания природы формирования сложно дифференцированного худолазовского комплекса, специализированного на сульфидное оруденение. Для Урала этот комплекс является уникальным. Показано, что применение численного моделирования для водонасыщенных базальтовых систем может быть вполне эффективно до момента кристаллизации гидроксилсодержащих породообразующих минералов (роговой обманки).
Kimya Öğretmen Adaylarının Kimya Laboratuvarlarında Kullanılabilecek Öğretim Strateji ve Yaklaşımlarına Yönelik Tercih ve Görüşlerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: NAKİBOĞLU Canan , ŞEN Ayse Zeynep
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada, Laboratuvar Yönetimi dersi alan kimya öğretmen adaylarının dönem boyunca gerçekleştirdikleri ders anlatımları ışığında dönem sonunda laboratuvarda öğrenmenin sağlanmasında en yararlı, öğretmenin uygulaması açısından en elverişli olduğunu düşündükleri, en fazla tercih edecekleri laboratuvar öğretim strateji ve yaklaşımlarının neler olduğu ve hangi ölçütleri dikkate alarak bu tercihleri yaptıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması modeline göre gerçekleştirilen çalışma on üç kimya öğretmen adayı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının dönem başlangıcında bir kimya konusunda hazırladıkları ders planında tercih ettikleri öğretim strateji ve yaklaşımları belirlenmiştir. Ardından sunuş, buluş ve problem çözme stratejileri ile Tahmin Et-Gözle-Açıkla (TGA) ve Science Writing Heuristic (SWH) yaklaşımlarına ilişkin görüşleri görüş formu ve yarıyıl sonu sınavı yolu ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda öğretmen adaylarının genel olarak tercihlerini uygulamanın kolay oluşuna göre yaptıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğretmen adayları tercihlerini yaparken öğrencinin aktif olması, konuya uygun olma, zamanı verimli kullanma, sınıf seviyesine uygunluk ve uygulamanın kolaylığını dikkate aldıkları belirlenmiştir. Dönem sonunda öğretim stratejileri bilgilerinde gelişme olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
PACIENTES PORTADORES DE FISSURA LABIOPALATAL: UM ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO
Authors: Maia Luan Wesdley Ribeiro , Pinheiro Juliana Campos , Morais Everton Freitas de , Barboza Carlos Augusto Galvão , Bezerra Bruno Torres , Leite Rafaella Bastos
Published: June 2020

O objetivo desse estudo foi determinar o perfil epidemiológico de 115 pacientes portadores de fissura labiopalatal atendidos na SEAFESE (Sociedade Especializada em Atendimento ao Fissurado do Estado de Sergipe), em dois períodos distintos (Janeiro-Setembro de 2010/Janeiro-Setembro de 2015). Foram avaliados dados epidemiológicos como gênero, faixa etária, raça, procedência, renda familiar, hereditariedade, realização do exame pré-natal, presença de malformações congênitas, intercorrências durante a gestação, utilização de drogas e/ou medicamentos durante a gestação, condições de sanitarismo, contato com herbicidas e agrotóxicos, tipos de fissura e tratamento. O gênero feminino teve maior prevalência dos casos, com cerca de 55%, faixa etária predominante 0-4 anos (39%), a raça parda foi a mais encontrada (48%), sendo a maioria dos pacientes proveniente do interior do Estado (54%). Grande parte dos pacientes apresentava baixa condição socioeconômica e o fator hereditariedade teve peso de 63%. As más formações encontradas durante o estudo foram: surdez do ouvido esquerdo, autismo, alteração neurológica, ausência de 2 dedos pés/mãos, seis dedos nos pés, hidrocefalia, agenesia de antebraço e Síndrome de Appert. Apesar do alto índice de mães que realizaram o pré-natal, poucas foram comunicadas sobre a fissura durante a ultrassonografia. A frequência de tabagismo, exposição a herbicidas e agrotóxicos, consumo de ansiolíticos ou anticonvulsivantes foi baixa entre as mães. A fissura mais encontrada nos pacientes entrevistados foi a trans-forame incisivo.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA E ASSISTÊNCIA AO PACIENTE IDOSO PORTADOR DE HIV/AIDS
Authors: Medeiros Júnior Ivson José Almeida , Lima Fernanda Camilo Madruga de Oliveira , Souto José Gomes , Cornélio Tainá Rolim Machado , Oliveira Felipe Brandão dos Santos , Araújo Iara Medeiros
Published: June 2020

A Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (SIDA) é uma doença caracterizada por disfunção grave do sistema imunológico do indivíduo infectado pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV). O tabu da sexualidade na terceira idade faz com que o número de idosos contaminados pelo vírus HIV venha crescendo de forma significativa. O trabalho objetiva investigar a incidência e qualidade de vida da população idosa com SIDA após o diagnóstico. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, constituída por publicações indexadas no banco de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e da Scientific Eletronic Library Online. Foram analisadas 17 publicações, sendo os fatores de inclusão: artigos com texto completo disponível em português, inglês ou espanhol entre os anos de 2010 e 2018, excluindo-se os repetidos, ou que não se encaixavam na temática. A investigação literária demonstrou que a taxa de incidência e mortalidade de AIDS em idosos vem aumentando nas últimas décadas. Isso se deve à invisibilidade do sexo na velhice, ao aumento da atividade sexual nessa faixa etária, ao baixo uso de preservativos e a escassez de práticas em saúde voltadas a essa população, gerando baixa adesão ao tratamento. Conclui-se que há necessidade de melhoria no acesso, qualidade e funcionamento dos serviços e profissionais de saúde, no intuito de fornecer tratamento adequado que venha suprir as necessidades dos usuários e melhorar a sua qualidade de vida.
Pandemic as a Challenge to Subjective Well-Being: Anxiety and Coping
Authors: Rasskazova E.I. , Leontiev D.A. , Lebedeva A.A.
Published: June 2020

Most research on the pandemic today assumes that this situation is stressful and requires coping. The aim was to study subjective well-being in the situation of the pandemic and its relationship to coping and anxiety about coronavirus. 409 people filled Satisfaction With Life Scale, Scale of Positive And Negative Experiences, situational version of COPE, checklists assessing anxiety of infection and anxiety of the negative consequences of the pandemic. The comparison groups were three samples of 98, 66 and 293 people who filled Satisfaction With Life Scale and Scale of Positive And Negative Experiences in 2017 and 2019. There was a lower level of positive emotions among respondents in a situation of self-isolation, but the same level of satisfaction with life and negative emotions. Anxiety about the pandemic is related to higher negative emotions only. Emotionally oriented coping strategies and mental disengagement are associated with a higher level of pandemic anxiety. Problem-oriented and active coping strategies are weakly associated with lower anxiety that could be explained by the lack of ready effective methods of resolving this new and uncertain situation. Anxiety associated with current, acute and imminent risk (such as risk of infection), concentration on emotions and acceptance may not be dysfunctional strategies, as they are not associated with deterioration in overall well-being. On the contrary, attempts to cope with anxiety regarding negative consequences of a pandemic by mental disengagement, substance use and denial are associated with a lower level of satisfaction with life.
Interaction with the Plant World as a Source of Positive Human Functioning
Authors: Nartova-Bochaver S.K. , Mukhortova E.A. , Irkhin B.D.
Published: June 2020

The present review examines the restorative potential of interaction with flora for the physical and mental health of a person and their psychological well-being. The plant world is a particular part of nature, characterized by responsiveness, aesthetic appeal, and unobtrusiveness. These features make plants an effective means of restoring cognitive abilities, emotional state, as well as developing personal and behavioral effectiveness. At the same time, it is noted that, due to the phenomenon of plant blindness, their recovery resource is not used enough. The types of eco-therapy are analyzed; theories explaining the mechanisms of plants’ influence on the people’s psyche (biophilia hypothesis, attention restoration theory, stress recovery/reduction theory, and phyto-resonance) are presented. We review the results of studies proving the beneficial effect of interactions with the plant world (gardening, walking in the forest and park, simulation of the natural environment) on physical health and recovery from somatic diseases, on attention, creativity, behavior, and social functioning of a person. The effectiveness of interaction with flora is also noteworthy in the case of working with particular groups of people (adolescents from risk groups, offenders, and psychiatric patients). We analyze the limitations of studies, mainly related to their design.
Coping Behavior in the System of Psychosocial Assessment of Patients Waiting for a Heart Transplant
Authors: Shindrikov R.Y. , Shchelkova O.Y. , Demchenko E.A. , Milanich Y.M.
Published: June 2020

The paper presents the results of the study focusing on coping strategies and personal resources of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) during the waiting period for heart transplantation (HT). The sample included 105 patients directed to the commission for inclusion in the waiting list of HT (WLHT) in the Almazov National Medical Research Centre. After 6 months of hospitalization, the patients were divided into two groups: those included in WLHT initially who kept their positions (n=55; Group 1), and those who were excluded or not included initially (n=50; Group 2). Methods: The Ways of Coping Questionnaire and Purpose in Life Test. It was found out that the most endorsed coping strategies were confrontation, positive reappraisal and self-control for Group 1, and distancing and escape/avoidance for Group 2. The significant increase in the life purposefulness general score, and subscale scores reflecting goals, time perspective and internal locus of control was observed in Group 1. We conclude that the obtained data can be used in planning psychological work with patients with CHF during the period of waiting for HT.
Algorithmic Transparency and Accountability: Legal Approaches to Solving the "Black Box" Problem
Authors: Kuteynikov D. L. , Izhaev O. A. , Zenin S. S. , Lebedev V. A.
Published: June 2020

The paper examines the European and American legal approaches based on legislation regulating the use of computer algorithms, i.e. systems for automated decision-making of legally significant decisions. It is established that these jurisdictions apply essentially different concepts.The European approach provides for regulating the use of automated decision-making systems through legislation on personal data. The authors conclude that the general data protection regulation does not impose a legal obligation on the controllers to disclose technical information, i.e. to open a "black box", to the subject of personal data, in respect of which the algorithm makes a decision. This may happen in the future, when the legislative authorities specify the provisions of this Regulation, according to which the controller must provide the subject of personal data with meaningful information about the logic of decisions taken in relation to it.

In the United States, issues of transparency and accountability of algorithms are regulated by various antidiscrimination acts that regulate certain areas of human activity. At the same time, they are fragmentary and their totality does not represent a complex, interconnected system of regulatory legal acts. In practice, legal regulation is carried out ad hoc with reference to certain legal provisions prohibiting the processing of sensitive types of personal data.The paper states that the legal regulation of algorithmic transparency and accountability is in its infancy in Russia. The existing legislation on personal data suggests that the domestic approach to solving the "black box" problem is close to the European one. When developing and adopting relevant regulatory legal acts, it is necessary to proceed from the fact that the subject of personal data should have the right to receive information explaining the logic of the decision made in relation to itin an accessible form.
Ferrum concretions forms in the mollic gley soils of Low (Male) Polissya
Authors: Pankiv Zenoviy , Yamelynets Taras
Published: June 2020

In the humid conditions, the most common ground forms are the ferruginous ones: ferrum concretions, marsh ore, ocher spots, etc. Mollic gley soils are widely spread along the periphery of marshes and are formed under the influence of mollic and gley processes on various soil-forming rocks under conditions of sporadically pulsating water regime and excessive moisture under the meadow and swamp biocenoses. The ferrum concretions are characteristic of all genetic horizons of mollic gley soils, except for the soil-forming rock, and their content ranges from 3.3% in the mollic to 47.1% in the lower transitional horizon. The gross iron content in the fine mollic gley soils, as well as in the ferrum concretions forms, increases with depth, and the maximum values are characteristic of the lower transition horizon. The lowest values of the gross iron content are characteristic of the fine soil-forming rock (16.0 mg / 100 g soil) and the mollic soil (66.4 mg / 100 g soil). It was established that the gross chemical content of the ferrum concretions forms is dominated by the iron oxides with the highest content in the ferrum concretions of the mollic soils (48.75%). Also the ferrum concretions forms of iron are characterized by a rather high content of aluminum oxides (5.59–7.92%). The highest values of the accumulation coefficient are characteristic of the iron oxide (Kx = 7.21–2.58), which confirms the hypothesis of the dominant role of its compounds in the formation of the ferrum concretions forms.
Espectro clínico de COVID-19, enfermedad en el paciente pediátrico
Authors: Márquez Aguirre Martha Patricia , Gutiérrez Hernández Alfredo , Lizárraga López Sandra Luz , Muñoz Ramírez Mireya , Ventura Gómez Sandra Tania , Zárate Castañón Patricia María del Socorro , González Mercado Luis Adrián , López Alamilla Alexis Armando , Palma Pérez Ricardo , Reyes Hernández Adolfo
Published: June 2020

El primer caso de infección humana por SARS-CoV2 se registró en Wuhan, China, en noviembre de 2019; a partir de entonces ha tenido una diseminación mundial y está afectando a seres humanos de todas las edades. La pandemia por COVID-19, causada por SARS-CoV-2, desencadenó una catástrofe en todos los sistemas de salud. Mucho hay aún por entender como clínicos, epidemiólogos e investigadores que hemos estado trabajando en describir y caracterizar el proceso de la enfermedad mientras estamos atendiendo a los pacientes en las trincheras.El propósito de este artículo de revisión es conocer los datos clínicos generados en los últimos cuatro meses en relación con el comportamiento de COVID-19 y describir las manifestaciones de la enfermedad en la población pediátrica.
La costa Yucateca y el fenómeno de la piratería. Conformación y percepción del espacio, siglo XVI
Authors: De la O Torres Rodrigo Alejandro
Published: June 2020

Este artículo tiene como propósito analizar, destacando la dimensión espacial,
al fenómeno de la piratería en Yucatán durante el siglo XVI. La actividad de corsarios
franceses e ingleses en las costas yucatecas logró constituir una geografía histórica.
Para constatar lo anterior consideramos dos vertientes espaciales: a) describir la
localización y distribución espacial de las acciones de nautas franceses e ingleses en
la dilatada franja costera peninsular, y b) dar cuenta de la percepción alrededor del
espacio yucateco derivada del miedo a los corsarios. A través de estas vías es posible
observar la producción social del espacio costero como una esfera de primer orden
en la historia del fenómeno en Yucatán. Afirmamos, por lo tanto, que el fenómeno de
la piratería fue un componente que coadyuvó a dar sentido a Yucatán en la centuria
decimosexta.
Identidad y pacto social: los portugueses en Canarias durante la Unión Ibérica
Authors: Álvarez Santos Javier Luis
Published: June 2020

Este trabajo aborda la conformación de una sociedad en áreas de frontera durante el periodo de consolidación de las relaciones atlánticas. A partir del examen de la documentación notarial y concejil insular se ha analizado como objeto de estudio a los portugueses que se establecen en Canarias y sus redes transfronterizas en el Océano con el objetivo de comprender el proceso de formación de una compleja identidad insular de origen exógeno en los límites de la Monarquía Hispánica y cuyo germen, concluimos, se encuentra en un pacto social entre locales y foráneos
Acuífero Guaraní y Patagonia. Gobernanza ambiental desde América del Sur (1990-2017)
Authors: Manzano Iturra Karen Isabel
Published: June 2020

A partir de las primeras culturas de la antigüedad, el agua siempre fue un bien escaso, um recurso estratégico que definía la supervivencia no solo de las personas, sino de sus principales actividades. En América del Sur, esta situación no es diferente, ya que la distribución desigual y las actividades humanas, han provocado un creciente interés sobre el agua, siendo dos regiones geográficas las más relevantes: el Acuífero Guaraní y la Patagonia. En ambos casos, se hace referencia a dos reservas a nivel mundial, tanto de aguas subterráneas, como de agua y hielo, por lo cual los estados vecinos decidieron avanzar en acuerdos necesarios para su protección y aprovechamiento. Se busca desarrollar la gobernanza ambiental, mediante una metodología cualitativa con uso de fuentes primarias, secundarias y terciarias, que se analizarán en una dimensión temporal definida (1990-2017) cuyos resultados muestran los avances medioambientales en la región y los tratados surgidos a través de las últimas décadas.