bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainability and Relationality Within Early Childhood Care and Education Settings in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Ritchie Jenny
Published: July 2020

This paper discusses one aspect of a recently completed two-year study, that of the enactment of relationality within early childhood care and education practice. The research project, Titiro Whakamuri, Hoki Whakamua. We are the future, the present and the past: caring for self, others and the environment in early years' teaching and learning, involved ten early childhood centres from across New Zealand (Ritchie et al. 2010). Relationality refers to our lived relation to other human beings, other living creatures, and to the non-living entities with whom we share our spaces and the planet. The study has demonstrated some ways in which early childhood educators were able to extend children's understandings of their relationality, their connectedness to others, and to the natural world, following theoretical underpinnings of the Indigenous Māori, such as manaakitanga (caring, generosity) and kaitiakitanga (environmental stewardship) (Tikanga Māori. Living by Māori values, Wellington, Huia, 2003), and of western epistemologies such as an ethic of care (The challenge to care in schools: An alternative approach to education, New York, Teachers College Press, 2005a; Educating citizens for global awareness, New York, Teachers College Press, 2005c, Philosophy of education, Boulder, Westview Press, 2007). © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.
States on Pseudo-BCI Algebras
Authors: Xin Xiao Long , Li Yi Jun , Fu Yu Long
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we discuss the structure of pseudo-BCI algebras and getÂ that any pseudo-BCI algebra is a union of it's branches. We introduce the notion of local boundedÂ pseudo-BCI algebras and study some related properties. Moreover we define two operations $\wedge_1$, $\wedge_2$ in a local bounded pseudo-BCI algebra $A$ and two local operations $\vee_1$ and $\vee_2$ in $V(a)$ for $a\in M(A)$. We show that in a local $\wedge_1$($\wedge_2$)-commutative local boundedÂ pseudo-BCI algebra $A$, $(V(A),\wedge_1,\vee_1)$($(V(A),\wedge_2,\vee_2)$) forms a lattice for all $a\in M(a)$.Â We define a Bosbach state on a local bounded pseudo-BCI algebra. Then we give two examples of local boundedÂ pseudo-BCI algebras to show that there is local bounded pseudo-BCI algebras having a Bosbach state but there is some one having no Bosbach states. Moreover we discuss some basic properties about Bosbach states. If $s$ is a BosbachÂ state of a local bounded pseudo-BCI algebra $A$, we prove that $A/ker(s)$ is equivalent to an MV-algebra. We also introduce the notion of state-morphisms on local boundedÂ pseudo-BCI algebras and discuss the relations between Bosbach states and state-morphisms.Â Finally we give some characterization of Bosbach states.
CASE STUDY OF TRADITIONAL RDBMS AND NOSQL DATABASE SYSTEM
Authors: Sharma Yashraj , Sharma Yashasvi
Published: July 2020

On the basis of reliability, rational models are useful but not in terms of systems which involve huge amount of data; in such cases, non-relational models are much more useful. To store large chunks of data, NoSQL databases are used. NoSQL databases are scalable and wide ranged because they are non-relationally distributed.

In relational databases, it was not possible to manage data which involved very large number of Big Data applications hence the concept of NoSQL database was introduced.

There are a lot of advantages of NoSQL which not only involve its own features but also some features of relational database management system. The severe benefit of NoSQL database is that it is an open source system which helps to adapt many numbers of features for newly generated applications.

This paper is focused on understanding the concepts of non-relational database system architecture with relational database system architecture and figure out the advantages and disadvantages of both simultaneously.
Apresentação
Authors: Aidar Bruno
Published: July 2020

Apresentação da HE&HE, v. 21, n. 1 (2018).
O desmonte da legislação social e as relações entre usineiros, fornecedores de cana e trabalhadores rurais entre 1930 e 2010 no Brasil
Authors: Ramos Pedro , Peres Maria Thereza Miguel
Published: July 2020

O artigo analisa as mudanças ocorridas nas normas legais voltadas às relações entre, de um lado, usineiros, e de outro, fornecedores de cana e trabalhadores rurais, no contexto do processo de expansão da agroindústria canavieira do Brasil. O objetivo é demonstrar que tais mudanças ampliaram a desigualdade entre os primeiros e os dois outros agentes sociais. A análise estende-se do início da década de 1930, quando do advento da intervenção setorial de âmbito federal, prolongando-se até 2010 (último ano do Governo Lula). A análise é referenciada em uma compreensão do processo sócio/econômico e político brasileiro, adaptada à uma interpretação das mencionadas mudanças e desenvolvida com base nos seguintes períodos: o do Populismo (1930-1964); o dos governos militares, estendido aos primeiros anos da redemocratização (1964-1989) e o período do (neo)liberalismo (1990-2010).
Metamorfose(s) do espaço urbano: Pouso Alegre na transição para o século XX
Authors: Do Vale Fernando Henrique
Published: July 2020

Pretendemos com este artigo tratar sobre as transformações ocorridas no espaço urbano na cidade de Pouso Alegre durante as décadas de 1890 a 1910, observando as dinâmicas sociais e econômicas que acompanharam estas mudanças. Para nossa análise referente à constituição do espaço público em Pouso Alegre, trabalharemos com a documentação referente às atas da Câmara Municipal, periódicos locais e regionais e registros de imóveis local.
O café no Brasil: produção e mercado mundial na primeira metade do século XX
Authors: Faleiros Rogério Naques , Saadi Tosi Pedro Geraldo
Published: July 2020

O Objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma interpretação acerca dos poderes hegemônicos em ação no comércio mundial de café na primeira metade do século XX, considerando as políticas de defesa adotadas pelo maior produtor (Brasil), a construção de produtores concorrentes e o delicado cenário caracterizado por Guerras e pela Crise Econômica Mundial. Destaca-se no conjunto de informações apresentadas os principais produtores de café no continente americano e no mundo, os principais portos de embarque no Brasil, bem como os principais destinos das sacas exportadas. Utilizamos como fonte o Anuário Estatístico para o ano de 1948, publicado pela Secretaria da Fazenda do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil entre outras obras de apoio sobre as condições de comercialização do produto em escala mundial e trabalhos recentes, que versaram sobre o tema, desenvolvidos em programas de pós-graduação.
Transformações da agricultura brasileira desde 1950
Authors: Luna Francisco Vidal , Klein Herbert S.
Published: July 2020

O surgimento do Brasil como grande produtor agrícola mundial no final do século XX é um dos desenvolvimentos mais importantes da história moderna. Desde 1960, o Brasil deixou de ser um importador de alimentos, concentrado na exportação de apenas um produto, para se tornar o maior exportador líquido de alimentos do mundo e o terceiro maior produtor e exportador agrícola depois dos Estados Unidos e da União Europeia. O país situa-se entre os cinco maiores produtores mundiais de 36 produtos agrícolas e é o principal exportador mundial de soja, suco de laranja, açúcar, carnes, café, tabaco e etanol. Além disso, é segundo maior exportador de milho e o terceiro de algodão. Na segunda década do século XXI, vendeu quase 300 produtos agrícolas para mais de 200 países
A trajetória da família Pinto de Miranda pelo império português: ascensão econômica e social (segunda metade do século XVIII)
Authors: Pereira Alexandra Maria
Published: July 2020

O artigo analisa a história de vida dos irmãos Antônio Pinto de Miranda e Baltazar Pinto de Miranda, que se tornaram importantes homens de negócios do Império português durante a segunda metade do século XVIII. Para tanto, analisamos fontes primárias que permitiram a reconstituição de suas trajetórias, mediante uma abordagem metodológica nominativa, voltada para o estudo de caso e para uma análise qualitativa das fontes. Sendo assim, a ênfase de nossa pesquisa se voltou para o levantamento de uma documentação que permitiu avaliar tanto o processo como os elementos que nortearam a ascensão econômica e social de nossos personagens à elite mercantil portuguesa, como, por exemplo, funções em cargos administrativos e aquisição de insígnias que conferiam distinção social, a fim de conjugar os resultados da pesquisa com o contexto de que foi parte.
Instituições e desenvolvimento econômico: o direcionamento da política econômica brasileira durante o Estado Novo
Authors: Schmidtke Claucir Roberto
Published: July 2020

O objetivo do artigo é averiguar o sentido da política econômica do Governo Vargas, realizada durante o Estado Novo, diante da conjuntura internacional restritiva acarretada pela Segunda Guerra Mundial. Para tanto, foram analisados, dentre outros, discursos do Presidente Getúlio Vargas e do Ministro da Fazenda, Artur de Souza Costa, e o Balanço Geral da União, de modo a comparar suas intenções com os resultados obtidos. O texto indica que ocorreram mudanças no ambiente institucional voltadas a contribuir para o uso ponderado de determinados instrumentos de política econômica, marcado por limitações instituídas pelo estabelecimento de regras formais. Além disso, foram criadas instituições formais com o intuito de promover cooperação para oportunizar condições financeiras favoráveis para a melhora da economia nacional no pós-guerra.
Jóvenes españoles migrantes en Chile: entre el crecimiento profesional y la ausencia de bienestar social
Authors: Rodríguez Puertas Rubén
Published: July 2020

El presente trabajo, fundamentado en una investigación realizada en Chile entre los meses de marzo y junio de 2016, por un lado, y mediante las estadísticas proporcionadas por el Departamento de Extranjería y Migración, estudia las características sociodemográficas y los perfiles de aquellos ciudadanos españoles, que obtuvieron la visa de residencia durante el periodo 2010-2015. Y por otro lado, con la intención de comprender cómo son los procesos migratorios y la inserción sociocultural de estos migrantes, analiza, siguiendo los procedimientos de la Grounded Theory, los discursos obtenidos a través de once entrevistas en profundidad y un grupo de discusión, realizados a españoles residentes en Chile, con una edad comprendida entre los 25 y 35 años, con titulación universitaria, y que llegaron al país entre 2010 y 2015. A través de dichos análisis, se muestra cómo esta emigración española se compone principalmente por jóvenes cualificados en profesiones técnicas como la ingeniería, la arquitectura o la geología. E igualmente, se pone de manifiesto la manera en que estos migrantes autodenominados “exiliados laborales”, parecen seguir una inserción sociocultural en la sociedad chilena, que podríamos definir como nostálgica y que se caracteriza, principalmente, por la idealización del contexto de partida y del retorno.
El sistema migratorio de Latinoamérica-España: ¿Ha sido la crisis económica un paréntesis?
Authors: Domínguez-Mujica Josefina , López de Lera Diego , Ortega-Rivera Enrique , Pérez-Caramés Antía
Published: July 2020

La inmigración desde Latinoamérica y el Caribe hacia España en el cambio de siglo ha sido objeto de numerosos estudios, pues dio lugar a flujos de una gran cuantía en tiempos de expansión económica (1998-2007), cuando el mercado de trabajo español demandaba mano de obra en los segmentos secundarios. Desde 2008 se produjo una reducción de las entradas, así como el incremento de los procesos de retorno y de reemigración, en consonancia con la intensidad de la crisis económica. Estos flujos se minoran en los años de incipiente poscrisis (2015-2017) y se reanuda la inmigración. Con el objetivo de profundizar en estas tendencias, este estudio se basa en la información que proporcionan los microdatos de la Estadística de Variaciones Residenciales, que nos permiten caracterizar la evolución de las migraciones de los latinoamericanos desde y hacia España. La secuencia de estos flujos, según los países de procedencia, y sus características en cuanto a las estructuras por sexo y edad, nos informan de dinámicas dispares y de ciclos migratorios diferenciados, así como de cambios que apuntan a una reconfiguración de las pautas migratorias a lo largo de la etapa de estudio y de formas más intensas y complejas de movilidad.
Novi regulatorni okvir za transakcije s povezanim osobama
Authors: Zubović Antonija
Published: July 2020

U radu se obrađuje novi regulatorni okvir za transakcije s povezanim osobama usvojen odredbama Direktive o pravima dioničara u uvrštenim društvima koji je prenesen u hrvatsko zakonodavstvo novelom Zakona o trgovačkim društvima iz 2019. godine. Zaštita društva i manjinskih dioničara propisuje se odredbama o davanju prethodne suglasnosti
za transakcije s povezanim osobama te povećanjem zahtjeva transparentnosti
transakcija s povezanim osobama. U radu se analiziraju usvojene odredbe i
otvorena pitanja u njihovoj primjeni te uspoređuju s rješenjima usvojenima u
njemačkom zakonodavstvu te prijedlogom izmjena i dopuna slovenskoga zakona.
Postupak u sporovima male vrijednosti u svjetlu odredaba Novele ZPP 2019.
Authors: Čizmić Jozo
Published: July 2020

Odredbe Zakona o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o parničnom postupku
(Narodne novine, broj 70/2019) počele su se primjenjivati 1. rujna 2019. i
njima su unesene bitne promjene u postupku u sporovima male vrijednosti. Svrha
je reforme odredaba kojima se uređuje postupak u sporovima male vrijednosti
omogućavanje bržega, učinkovitijeg i jednostavnijega rješavanja predmeta, koji
svojim brojem opterećuju sudove, a čija visina nije takva da bi zahtijevala
veće angažiranje stranaka i suda. Tako je zakonodavac, radi veće procesne discipline
stranaka, reformirao odredbe o dužnosti iznošenja činjenica i predlaganja
dokaza; o (presumiranom) povlačenju tužbe; razlozima za žalbu i suspenzivnom
učinku žalbe te je ukinuo obvezu objavljivanja presude odmah nakon zaključenja glavne
rasprave i mogućnost izjavljivanja izvanredne revizije. Kako je normativno
uređenje postupka u sporovima male vrijednosti gotovo redovito bilo određeni
test za kasniju promjenu uređenja redovnog postupka, autor vjeruje da će ova
rješenja, nakon njihove primjene u praksi, kao i stajališta sudske prakse i
procesno-pravne teorije, ukazati na opravdanost njihova uvođenja u postupak u
sporovima male vrijednosti te da će biti putokaz zakonodavcu da ih provede i u
odredbe ZPP-a kojima se uređuje, tzv. opći parnični postupak radi provođenjem
brzog, učinkovitog i racionalnoga parničnog postupka.
Sustav eSpis u funkciji efikasnog djelovanja upravnih i sudskih tijela
Authors: Ljubanović Boris , Britvić Vetma Bosiljka
Published: July 2020

Autori iznose stajališta o potrebi za učinkovitim djelovanjem upravnih i
sudskih tijela s posebnim osvrtom na sudačku neovisnost u rješavanju predmeta i
suđenje u razumnom roku. Analiziraju sustav eSpis i njegov učinak na brže i
efikasnije rješavanje predmeta.
Jednostrani raskid kupoprodajnog ugovora poslije dospijeća obveza strana prema Konvenciji UN o međunarodnoj prodaji robe
Authors: Slakoper Zvonimir , Dešić Josip
Published: July 2020

U radu se daje prikaz jednostranoga raskida kupoprodajnog ugovora
poslije dospijeća obveza strana prema Konvenciji UN-a o međunarodnoj prodaji
robe (Bečka konvencija). Bečka konvencija danas je na snazi u 93 države iz svih
pravnih tradicija i razina gospodarskog razvoja koje zajedno predstavljaju
preko dvije trećine globalnog gospodarstva. Ugovori o prekograničnoj prodaji
robe okosnica su međunarodne trgovine i stoga se Bečka konvencija smatra jednom
od temeljnih konvencija međunarodnoga trgovačkog prava. Kako bi bila što
prihvatljivija različitim pravnim poredcima, Bečka konvencija u mnogome je
odstupila od rješenja nacionalnih prava i pravnih krugova i stvorila autonomne pojmove i rješenja. Posebna kreativna rješenja predvidjela
je za raskid ugovora. U radu se analizira raskid zbog bitne povrede ugovora,
koncepta kakav ne predviđa niti jedan građanski i trgovački zakon, zatim raskid
zbog neispunjenja u dodatnom roku, raskid zbog neusklađenosti te raskid zbog
prava ili potraživanja treće osobe. Posebna pažnja posvećuje se i potpunom i
djelomičnom raskidu te raskidu ugovora kod sukcesivnih isporuka. Zaključno se
analizira gubitak prava na raskid.
Historia inédita y actualidad del archivo Bonpland en el Museo de Farmacobotánica Juan Aníbal Domínguez (FFYB-UBA).
Authors: Anconatani Leonardo M. , Riabis Melina , Wagner Marcelo L.
Published: July 2020

En el año 1905, Juan Aníbal Domínguez, fundador y director del Museo de Farmacología de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, y Eugenio Autran, curador del herbario del Museo, se enteran que cursa la carrera de medicina el estudiante Pompeyo Bonpland, nieto del sabio. Ambos académicos saben de la existencia de cierta documentación inédita del primer naturalista, y reciben por medio de ese joven esa valiosa documentación. El Archivo Bonpland es una heterogénea colección de alrededor de 2.050 documentos de variada extensión y diversa complejidad. Comprende desde un período anterior a su llegada al Río de la Plata y finaliza más de 40 años después de su muerte, con cartas recibidas en su domicilio en 1858. Además, hay diarios de viajes con descripciones biológicas novedosas para la ciencia. Desde el punto de vista de su conservación, el archivo se encuentra estable en lo referente de los documentos planos, sin embargo, no ocurre lo mismo con los diarios manuscritos. Por tales motivos se está diseñando un plan de conservación y restauración. Esto último permitirá acceder al archivo a investigadores de la ciencia y aprovechar el gran potencial del Archivo Bonpland.
Los hermanos Goujaud Bonpland: dos enfoques complementarios del conocimiento botánico
Authors: Stauffer Fred W. , Stauffer Johann
Published: July 2020

Los botánicos franceses de finales del siglo XVIII y principios del siglo XIX influenciaron profundamente el descubrimiento y la descripción de la diversidad vegetal que alberga la región Neotropical. La mayoría de estos botánicos realizaron estudios de medicina o farmacia, en el marco de los cuales la sistemática y la morfología comparativa jugaron un rol muy importante en la comprensión de la utilidad de las plantas. De esta manera, algunos de ellos tomaron cursos impartidos por los más reconocidos botánicos europeos y se convirtieron posteriormente en importantes investigadores a cargo de la identificación de la diversidad vegetal de la mayoría de los países americanos. La presente contribución pone en evidencia el aporte de los hermanos Goujaud Bonpland y describe las diferentes maneras en las que influenciaron los estudios de ciencias naturales a nivel local, regional y mundial.
SINTAKSIS (Komponen dan Struktur)
Authors: Nafinuddin Surianti
Published: July 2020

The hierarchical order of linguistic units that one level smaller will form a larger unit, namely: discourse, sentence, clause, phrase, word, morpheme, phoneme. The hierarchy is theoretically normal. In language practice there are many factors that cause deviations in the order. If in the normal sequence the level increase or decrease in the level occurs at the next level which is one level up or one level down, then in a level jump event occurs, a unit becomes a constituent in the level, at least, two levels above it. A case of level coating occurs when a constituent becomes a constituent element in the same level construction. And the case of a decrease in the level occurs when a constituent becomes another constituent element whose level is lower than the original constituent level.Keyword: syntax, type, word, phrase, sentence, discourse
Belief Through Thick and Thin
Authors: Buckwalter Wesley , Rose David , Turri John
Published: July 2020

We distinguish between two categories of belief—thin belief and thick belief—and provide evidence that they approximate genuinely distinct categories within folk psychology. We use the distinction to make informative predictions about how laypeople view the relationship between knowledge and belief. More specifically, we show that if the distinction is genuine, then we can make sense of otherwise extremely puzzling recent experimental findings on the entailment thesis (i.e. the widely held philosophical thesis that knowledge entails belief). We also suggest that the distinction can be applied to debates in the philosophy of mind and metaethics.
Blood Bank Information System Based on Cloud In Indonesia
Authors: Mufaqih Sukron , Kanz Abiyyu Fawwaz , Ramadhan Sahid Nur , Fajar Ahmad Nurul
Published: July 2020

In the health industry, the development of technology makes all of its related activities easier and faster. Cloud computing can facilitate controlled distribution of blood by using an information system. The problems that occurs in the distributions of blood at the hospitals in Indonesia are sometimes the distributions are not controlled, so the blood may run out of stock caused by inequality of blood needs, difficulty in finding blood donors, and don’t have an integrated system. The purpose of this study is to propose a connecting system that integrates Indonesian society who can be personal donor to help blood supply availability of UTD PMI using BBIS (Blood Bank Management System) based on cloud computing. The research methodology is collecting data with a systematic literature review and referring to previous studies, related to the current conditions in Indonesia. The result in this study is to propose Blood Bank Information System (BBIS), featured of application, dashboard, module and network architecture.
Introducing Mammalian Cell Colony Formation in the Undergraduate Biology Laboratory
Authors: Robinson Ashley , Crow Mackenzie , Kratz Austin , Ritts Taylor , Suh Yewseok K. , Segarra Verónica A.
Published: July 2020

Clonogenic assays are a simple and robust method that allow researchers to characterize mammalian cell line features, including the ability of a single cell to grow into a colony. We have used this assay as a tool in the undergraduate biology laboratory, exposing students to a more specialized form of mammalian cell culture and helping them refine scientific research skills and knowledge. In this article, we share an easy and undergraduate-friendly method of using HeLa cells to carry out clonogenic assays. The methods described include the introduction of different treatments to assess their effect in HeLa cell colony formation. In this laboratory exercise, undergraduate students utilize different cell culture techniques such as growing, harvesting, counting, diluting, staining, and imaging cells. Clonogenic assay, Cytotoxic agents, HeLa cells, Mammalian cell colony formation, undergraduate laboratory, Open Inquiry-Based Curriculum
Rethinking Remdesivir for COVID-19: A Bayesian Reanalysis of Trial Findings
Authors: Hoek Joyce M. , Field Sarahanne Miranda , de Vries Ymkje Anna , Linde Maximilian , Pittelkow Merle-Marie , Muradchanian Jasmine , van Ravenzwaaij Don
Published: July 2020

Background: Following testing in clinical trials, the use of remdesivir for treatment of COVID-19 has been authorized for use in parts of the world, including the USA and Europe. Early authorizations were largely based on results from two clinical trials. A third study published by Wang et al. was underpowered and deemed inconclusive. Although regulators have shown an interest in interpreting the Wang et al. study, under a frequentist framework it is difficult to determine if the non-significant finding was caused by a lack of power or by the absence of an effect. Bayesian hypothesis testing does allow for quantification of evidence in favor of the absence of an effect.Findings: Results of our Bayesian reanalysis of the three trials show ambiguous evidence for the primary outcome of clinical improvement and moderate evidence against the secondary outcome of decreased mortality rate. Additional analyses of three studies published after initial marketing approval support these findings. Conclusions: We recommend that regulatory bodies take all available evidence into account for endorsement decisions. A Bayesian approach can be beneficial, in particular in case of statistically non-significant results. This is especially pressing when limited clinical efficacy data is available.
Ulysses' Pact or Ulysses' Raft: Using Pre-Analysis Plans in Experimental and Non-Experimental Research
Authors: Janzen Sarah , Michler Jeffrey D
Published: July 2020

In recent years, pre-analysis plans have been adopted by economists in response to concerns raised about robustness and transparency in social science research. By pre-specifying an analysis plan, researchers bind themselves and thus avoid the temptation to data mine or $p$-hack. The application of pre-analysis plans has been most widely used for randomized evaluations, particularly in the field of development economics. The increased use of pre-analysis plans has raised competing concerns that detailed plans are overly restrictive and limit the type of inspiration that only comes from exploring the data. This paper considers these competing views of pre-analysis plans, examines the extent that pre-analysis plans have been used in research conducted by agricultural economists, and discusses the usefulness of pre-analysis plans for non-experimental economic research.
Network Structure Impacts the Synchronization of Collective Beliefs
Authors: Vlasceanu Madalina , Coman Alin
Published: July 2020

People’s beliefs are influenced by interactions within their communities. The propagation of this influence through conversational social networks should impact the degree to which community members synchronize their beliefs. To investigate, we recruited a sample of 140 participants and constructed fourteen 10-member communities. Participants first rated the accuracy of a set of statements (pre-test) and were then provided with relevant evidence about them. Then, participants discussed the statements in a series of conversational interactions, following pre-determined network structures (clustered/non-clustered). Finally, they rated the accuracy of the statements again (post- test). The results show that belief synchronization, measuring the increase in belief similarity among individuals within a community from pre-test to post-test, is influenced by the community’s conversational network structure. This synchronization is circumscribed by a degree of separation effect and is equivalent in the clustered and non- clustered networks. We also find that conversational content predicts belief change from pre-test to post-test.
Valence biases in reinforcement learning shift across adolescence and modulate subsequent memory
Authors: Rosenbaum Gail , Grassie Hannah , Hartley Catherine A.
Published: July 2020

Individuals learn differently through trial and error, with some more influenced by good outcomes, and others weighting bad outcomes more heavily. Such valence biases may also influence memory for past experiences. Here, we examined whether valence asymmetries in reinforcement learning change across adolescence, and whether individual learning asymmetries bias the content of subsequent memory. Participants ages 8-27 learned the values of “point machines”, after which their memory for trial-unique images presented with choice outcomes was assessed. Relative to children and adults, adolescents overweighted worse-than-expected outcomes during learning. Individuals’ valence biases modulated incidental memory, such that those who prioritized worse- (or better-) than-expected outcomes during learning were also more likely to remember images paired with these outcomes, an effect reproduced in an independent dataset. Collectively, these results highlight age-related changes in the computation of subjective value, and demonstrate that a valence-asymmetric valuation process influences how information is prioritized in episodic memory.
Relationships between Nutrition and Physical Activity, and the Symptoms of Insomnia, Depression and Anxiety among Adolescents in South China During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chi Xinli , Liang Kaixin , Chen Si-Tong , Huang Qiaomin , Huang Liuyue , Yu Qian , Hossain Md Mahbub , Yeung Albert , Zou Liye
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 has caused mental health issues among adolescents. This study aimed to explore the related factors of nutrition, physical activity (PA), and symptoms of insomnia, depression and anxiety, and to investigate associations between the two lifestyle behaviors (insolated or combined) with symptoms of insomnia, depression and anxiety. Cross-sectional data of 1,756 middle school students from a survey conducted in May 2020 was used. The t-tests or c2 tests were used to determine the related factors of nutrition, PA, and symptoms of insomnia, depression and anxiety across the subgroups when appropriate. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationships between nutrition and PA, and symptoms of insomnia, depression and anxiety. Girls, rural students, left-behind, sibling, students with low family income or excessive fear had worse lifestyle or mental status. Both poor nutrition and inactive PA were related to higher odds of reporting symptoms of insomnia, depression and anxiety. Students with both poor nutrition and inactive PA tended to report insomnia symptoms (OR = 2.16) and depressive symptoms (OR = 2.57) than those with only one behavior or neither of them after controlling for confounding factors. The present study indicates the importance of helping adolescents to pursue a healthier lifestyle.
Participatory Democracy in Local Government
Authors: Iglesias Alonso Ángel H. , Barbeito Iglesias Roberto L.
Published: July 2020

In 2015, the local government of the city of Madrid (Spain) introduced an electronic participation system. This initiative stemmed mainly from the social movements that had occupied the squares of many Spanish cities since 2011. As a result of the local elections in 2015, many of those same activists gained institutional power, took citizens’ participation very seriously, and decided to use the possibilities offered by the internet for political and administrative participation. In this article, we seek to assess the impacts of the Madrid city government with the e-democracy experiment – based mainly on establishing an
online platform to facilitate citizen participation in political and administrative decision processes. Drawing on qualitative and documental data, our research indicates that whereas the overall aim of the project was to give citizens a say in local policy and decision making, our case study shows that participation was very low since most of the population does not feel concerned by these processes.
Indeed, one of our findings showed that citizens’ involvement offline surpassed in some cases their online participation. To identify who is politically active online and offline is a great challenge, to which the promoters of the project did not pay much attention. Although e-participation was meagre in relation to the electoral turnout, the case study also shows that many proposals from the public
were incorporated into the local policies, indicating that from a qualitative point of view, e-participation influences decision-making processes. Perhaps local governments should use a more strategic and integrated approach towards the use of electronic technologies to foster and motivate citizens’ involvement in local politics and administration. This more integrated approach should be less dependent on ideological incentives, more institutionalized, and must incorporate citizens’
perceptions and inputs before the introduction of new technologies.
A qualitative analysis of themes in long-distance couples’ relationship boundary discussions
Authors: McRae Lauren D. , Cobb Rebecca J.
Published: July 2020

Many couples have explicit discussions regarding the emotional and sexual boundaries in their relationship, which can benefit their relational and sexual health. However, the implicit assumption in health research that couples discuss relationship boundaries to protect their sexual health is counter to evidence that many couples discuss boundaries to increase trust, closeness, and intimacy. We examined long-distance partners’ reasons for discussing boundaries and used an approach and avoidance framework to understand motives. Individuals in long-distance relationships ( N = 77 couples) described their relationship boundaries, what prompted their discussion about boundaries, and the goal of their discussion. We thematically analyzed their motives for the discussion as either approach or avoidance and identified sub-themes that emerged within the larger category of approach and avoidance motives. Most participants had discussed boundaries multiple times with their partner, and about one-third identified a specific event that triggered their discussion. A minority of individuals were motivated to discuss boundaries with their partner to avoid aversive outcomes (i.e., avoidance motives), but no participants reported motives to mitigate sexual health risks. Instead, most participants anticipated gaining individual and relational benefits from their discussion about boundaries (i.e., approach motives), which suggests that couples might be more motivated by what they have to gain by discussing boundaries and are not explicitly motivated to mitigate sexual health risks.
An Inter-Institutional Collaboration to “Make Teaching Matter”: The Teaching Academy of the Consortium of West Region Colleges of Veterinary Medicine
Authors: Barr Margaret C. , Hines Stephen A. , Sprunger Leslie K. , Halsey Rachel L. , Watson Johanna L. , Mixter Philip F. , Hendrickson Dean A. , Schmidt Peggy L. , Chappell Patrick E. , Dowers Kristy L. , Clark Terri , Ilkiw Jan E.
Published: July 2020

Veterinary medical education is a relatively small community with limited numbers of institutions, people, and resources widely dispersed geographically. The problems faced, however, are large—and not very different from the problems faced by (human) medical education. As part of an effort to share resources and build a community of practice around common issues, five colleges in the westernmost region of the United States came together to form a regional inter-institutional consortium. This article describes the processes by which the consortium was formed and the initiation of its first collaborative endeavor, an inter-institutional medical/biomedical teaching academy (the Regional Teaching Academy, or RTA). We report outcomes, including the successful launch of three RTA initiatives, and the strategies that have been considered key to the academy’s success. These include strong support from the consortium deans, including an ongoing financial commitment, a dedicated part-time Executive Coordinator, regular face-to-face meetings that supplement virtual meetings, an organization-wide biennial conference, an effective organizational structure, and a core group of dedicated leaders and RTA Fellows. The western consortium and RTA share these processes, insights, and outcomes to provide a model upon which other colleges of veterinary medicine can build to further leverage inter-institutional collaboration.
Effect of the synthesis parameters on the structural and magnetic properties of strontium hexaferrite synthesized via the Pechini method
Authors: Sanabria Alfonso Enrique Ramírez , Ordoñez Norleth Jairo Solarte , Córdova Valeria Nastar , Coaquira José Antonio Huamani , Jurado Sonia Gaona
Published: July 2020

Strontium hexaferrite (SrFe12O19–SF6) is a magnetic material of great interest in various research fields due to its high coercive field (Hc) and its high saturation magnetization. In this research, the effect of synthesis parameters on the structure and magnetic response was studied. It was evidenced that the parameters such as pH value and iron precursor type have a strong influence on the crystalline structure of the samples, since the pure phase of strontium hexaferrite was obtained by two different pathways (ferrous and ferric) and only at pH = 5. It was determined that there are differences in the magnetic response of both samples; the ferrous pathway generates the largest values of both saturation magnetization (74.3 emu g−1) and coercive field (5.2 kOe).
Optical effects of the poet’s prose. Vecheslav Kazakevich
Authors: Shestakova Yu. Yu.
Published: July 2020

Y. Shestakova’s article looks into the literary techniques of the contemporary writer V. Kazakevich. Having immigrated to Japan, Kazakevich repeatedly cites his early autobiographical experiences to reconstruct his life in the USSR: he is convinced that children have the best tools to understand the encounters of the mundane and the eternal. It is for this reason that he extensively uses sensory descriptions, typical of the child’s perceptive view of the world. Throughout his writing career, Kazakevich will work to expand and intensify the range of such descriptions, from casual observations in the predominantly narrative discourse at the beginning of his story A Hunt for Maybugs [Okhota na mayskikh zhukov] to the comprehensive associative ornament in his book A Unicorn Will Come Get Me [Za mnoy pridyot edinorog] (2016). Following analysis of Kazakevich’s works in the context of ornamental prose by the 20th c. Modernists (I. Bunin, V. Nabokov,  and I. Shmelyov), Y. Shestakova opines that it is thanks to a combination of the classical and Modernist traditions that the author succeeds in creating artistically convincing prose about childhood.
The studies and translations of Sergey Dovlatov in China
Authors: Cheng Dianmei
Published: July 2020

The article provides an overview of all Chinese translations of Sergey Dovlatov’s works and a systemized summary of the most representative academic articles authored by renowned Chinese scholars of Russian philology, as well as candidate’s and master’s theses and a monograph. The author highlights the approaches by Chinese specialists to Dovlatov’s oeuvre and points out the lack of translations and consistent effort to deepen academic knowledge about the writer. Since most translations appear in academic journals and only two of his books have been published inChina, Dovlatov’s works remain largely unknown to the public. Focusing on Dovlatov as a representative of the third-wave Russian emigration and a Postmodernist in the late part of the 20th c., Chinese philologists have centred their research on misfi    and outcasts in Dovlatov’s books, his distinctive sense of humour, and his manner of depicting Soviet reality as absurd.
Turgenev’s universal responsiveness. On the materials of the literary-epistolary anthology In France with Turgenev [S Turgenevym vo Frantsii]
Authors: Rebel G. M.
Published: July 2020

A review of the literary-epistolary anthology In France with Turgenev [S Turgenevym vo Frantsii], the article undertakes a problem analysis of its content, shedding a new light on Turgenev’s relationship with French authors, the scale of his personality, and the relevance of his cultural mission. Included in the work’s title, the idea of universal responsiveness was introduced to the daily cultural vocabulary by F. Dostoevsky and is viewed here in its relation to the concepts of cosmopolitanism, national identity, and cultural universalism. Turgenev’s universal responsiveness is treated as an opposing phenomenon to Russian messianism, namely, it is considered to combine national uniqueness with the willingness and ability to absorb world culture and become an integral part of it. It was Turgenev who not only succeeded in mediating between Western European and Russian culture, but also embodied pan-European cultural unity. While commonly recognized and repeatedly voiced by French cultural fi   res, this achievement remains little known and appreciated in Russia.
Domansky, Y. (2018). Egor Letov’s formula-based poetics: A monograph. Moscow, Kaluga, Venice: Bull Terrier Records. (In Russ.)
Authors: Bokarev A. S.
Published: July 2020

The monograph by Y. Domansky contains a comprehensive analysis of E. Letov’s poetics, typified by short formula-phrases repeated in the song’s chorus or replacing each other in its verses. The research is concerned with their semantics and function in song lyrics. Domansky comes up with the following findings: first, Letov’s formulae have an intertextual nature; second, their position his song lyrics facilitates their perception on a stand-alone as well as contentsassociated basis; and thirdly, their majority is inherently ambivalent. The reviewer finds that according to Domansky, Letov’s rock music lyrics (described as saturated with quotes and featuring a thinning boundary between the signifier and the signified, as well as the emphasized absurdity of the world’s image) show kinship with conceptual art. Domansky’s conclusions are consistently substantiated and the book suggests new methods for research of song material..
Titularidades y cátedras en Comunicación en España (2000-2019). Distribución, ritmos de promoción, transferencia entre universidades y endogamia
Authors: Repiso Rafael , Berlanga Inmaculada , Said-Hung Elías , Castillo-Esparcia Antonio
Published: July 2020

We present a descriptive statistical analysis of the academic career of professors and associate professors in the area of Communication in Spanish public universities during the period 2000-2019. Three phenomena related to academic careers in Communication are studied: first, the distribution of positions by category, sex, and years; second, promotion paths; third, the flows between universities, which show a phenomenon of endogamy. To this end, we identified the appointments of professors and associate professors in the areas of Journalism and Audiovisual Communication and Advertising in the Boletín oficial del Estado (the Spanish official gazette). Our analysis provides an understanding of the role of universities as institutions that hire and train faculty, and the flow of faculty among them. The results show that the recruitment of professors and associate professors in the 20 years studied is irregular in terms of distribution, parity, and allocation of positions over time. In turn, successive legislation has generated a system that reduces faculty mobility and favors endogamy.

Resumen
Este trabajo es un análisis estadístico descriptivo de la carrera académica de los titulares y catedráticos (funcionarios públicos) del área de Comunicación en España en el periodo 2000-2019. Se estudian tres fenómenos relacionados con la carrera académica en Comunicación. En primer lugar, la distribución de plazas por categoría, sexo y años. A continuación, los ritmos de promoción en esta área, a lo largo de todo el período y diferenciando entre los ritmos antes y después del sistema de acreditación de la Agencia Nacional de Evaluación de la Calidad y Acreditación (Aneca). Finalmente, los flujos entre las universidades donde se forma el claustro y las universidades públicas empleadoras de académicos, así como el fenómeno de la endogamia en el área. Con este fin, se han identificado en el Boletín oficial del Estado los nombramientos de titulares y catedráticos en las áreas de Periodismo y Comunicación Audiovisual y Publicidad. Un análisis a nivel colectivo y desagregado por universidades permite estudiar el rol de las universidades como instituciones que contratan y forman al claustro, y los flujos entre ellas. Los resultados muestran que la contratación de titulares y catedráticos de Comunicación en los 20 años estudiados se revela irregular en cuanto a distribución, paridad y adjudicación de plazas en el tiempo. A su vez, las sucesivas legislaciones han generado un sistema que reduce la movilidad de profesorado y favorece la endogamia.
Perspectives on the information and digital competence of Social Sciences students and faculty before and during lockdown due to Covid-19
Authors: Sales Dora , Cuevas-Cerveró Aurora , Gómez-Hernández José-Antonio
Published: July 2020

We analyze the perceptions of Social Sciences faculty about their own information and digital competence and that of their students, as well as the changes that have occurred as a consequence of the virtualization of learning caused by the coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19). The methodology used is qualitative, being based on the application of two techniques: discussion groups carried out with experienced faculty from three Spanish universities, and interviews carried out with the same sample after the suspension of face-to-face teaching. The results show that the faculty members participating in this study have a critical vision of the information and digital competence of the student body, indicating that they lack capacity for evaluation, critical use, and communication of information despite their mastery of technological tools and extensive use of mobile devices. In addition, they doubt their own ability to train students in this competence, and attribute the difficulty in achieving and promoting such learning to various factors of the university culture: a lack of coordination among teaching staff, who are sometimes in situations of job insecurity, or the way in which the European Higher Education Area has been applied in universities. Faculty recognize the basic and transversal nature of this competence and advocate its incorporation into the real work methodology of all subjects, not in a segregated way. Finally, the effort made towards the “virtual” development of teaching as a consequence of the Covid-19 pandemic has been a shock for faculty, who declare a positive attitude towards reviewing their own digital-informative practices to adapt their teaching, but believe that this has hardly resulted in any improvement in the information and digital competence of their students so far.
The commoditization of the publication culture in Spain: a cost- and time-effective model to systematize Communication Sciences
Authors: Rodríguez-Gómez Eduardo-Francisco , Goyanes Manuel
Published: July 2020

This paper explores the current paradigm of the publication culture in Spain, examining the negative and positive forces that shape the dominant dynamics in the production, dissemination and evaluation of scholars’ works. Following the intentional sampling of maximum variety, we planned a set of interviews with scholars in the area of ​​communication that represented the heterogeneity of academic ranks, gender, and territories of Spain. The final output consisted of thirty-five semi-structured interviews that took place between May 2018 and May 2019. Scholarship on how researchers and university professors experience publication cultures is abundant, however the national and international studies that address this phenomenon from a holistic approach are practically non-existent. Comprising three actions or systems -production, dissemination and evaluation-, the current publishing culture is depicted as a structure tuned to a set of global-accepted requirements that seem easy to understand and replicate. Under such model, most of the scholars experience discomfort because overproduction is widespread, social transference is rare, and the production and diffusion of scientific works frequently occur at the expense of scholars themselves. The goal seems to be inspired by the cost- and time-effective system of evaluation processes that, despite academics’ general opposition, official bodies and university departments have adopted to circumvent the costly task of assessing scientists’ outcomes on an individual basis.
A new species of robber flies of the genus Eremisca (Diptera: Asilidae) from the Lower Volga area
Authors: Astakhov D.M.
Published: July 2020

An illustrated description of a new species of robber flies, Eremisca dosangensis sp. nov., from Astrakhan Province of Russia is given.