bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distinctive morphometric measurement of frontal sinuses among the female ethnic populations living in Karachi
Authors: Quratulain Javaid  , Ambreen Usmani
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective: To determine uniqueness of frontal air sinuses in the female ethnic populations living in Karachi
Methods: The study type was cross sectional descriptive study. It was conducted at the Radiology Department of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center from November 2018 to April 2019. The research participants were females and 108 in number. They were divided into four ethnic groups. Each ethnic group consisted of 27 members. Mean age of the research participants was 35.14 ± 8.68 years. Before the enrolment of the participants in the research, informed consent was taken. Frontal sinus, X-ray radiography was done by using STEPHNEX machine. The radiological view incorporated was Water’s view. Width, height and area of the right and left frontal sinuses were measured. The radiographs were saved in the JPEG format and then the measurements were done by RadiAnt DICOM digital software. In the proforma measurements of height, width and area were noted. Data analysis was done by using the SPSS version 23.0.
Results: Comparison of the ethnic groups was done by using the application of One Way ANOVA. When the parameters of the frontal air sinuses were compared, variability in terms of width, height and area were noted in the right frontal air sinuses (p=0.000). Highly significant variations were also noted for these parameters on the left side (p=0.000).
Conclusion: The width, height and area of right and left frontal sinuses showed variability among the female ethnic groups living in Karachi.
Continuous...
TELAAH KRITIS TERHADAP PERIODISASI KODIFIKASI MUḤAMMAD ḤUSAYN AL-DHAHABĪ DALAM AL-TAFSĪR WA AL-MUFASSIRŪN
Authors: Muhammad Fithri Umam
Published: April 2021

Tulisan ini mencoba menelaah secara kritis sejarah perkembangan tafsir pada era kodifikasi hasil periodisasi Muḥammad Ḥusayn al-Dhahabī dalam karya monumentalnya, al-Tafsīr wa al-Mufassirūn. Al-Dhahabī mengklasifikasi periode kodifikasi tafsir menjadi lima tahap (al-khaṭwah). Menurutnya, kompilasi dan kodifikasi tafsir yang mencakup ayat per-ayat, surat per-surat, dan disusun secara mandiri tidak menumpang dalam bagian bab-bab hadis, juga sistematis sesuai urutan mushaf demikian itu baru dilakukan pada era tābi’ tābi’i al-tabi’īn, seperti Ibnu Mājah (w. 273 H), al-Ṭabarī (w. 310 H), dan ulama setelahnya. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah untuk menguji akurasi periodisasi al-Dhahabī tersebut. Sehingga memakai analisis verikatif-kualitatif yang meliputi verifikasi autentisitas atau keaslian sumber, dan kredibilitas. Ditambah keterangan dari kitab-kitab tārīkh, tarājim, ṭabaqāt, yang banyak mengeksplorasi sejarah masa lalu, menuntut tulisan ini mengkritisi periodisasi yang dipetakan oleh al-Dhahabī. 
Kata Kunci : Sejarah, Kodifikasi, al-Tafsīr wa al-Mufassirūn, dan Kritik.
AL-TAKRĀR FĪ AL-QUR'ĀN
Authors: Anshori Mohammad Luthfil
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAK
Tulisan ini mengkaji secara eksploratif dan analitis tentang fenomena pengulangan (al-takrâr) yang terdapat di dalam al-Qur`an. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan secara konseptual tentang adanya fenomena pengulangan di dalam al-Qur`an, meliputi definisi, jenis, serta fungsi dari pengulangan tersebut.
Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kepustakaan, yaitu penelitian dengan menggunakan studi teks atau pustaka yang pada umumnya lebih memerlukan olahan filosofik dan teoritik dari pada empirik. Pembahasan dalam penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif-analitis, yaitu dengan memaparkan definisi pengulangan (al-takrâr) dalam al-Qur`an, jenis-jenis pengulangan, contoh, serta fungsi dari al-takrâr itu sendiri.
Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Secara terminologi dapat disimpulkan bahwa definisi al-takrâr fi al-Qur`ân yaitu pengulangan yang terdapat dalam al-Qur`an (kalâmullâh), baik berupa lafadz, ayat, maupun topik-topik tertentu seperti: kisah para nabi; pembahasan surga dan neraka; kabar gembira dan peringatan, serta pengulangan turunnya ayat ataupun surat, dengan tujuan-tujuan tertentu, yang hal ini merupakan salah satu bentuk i’jâz al-Qur`an, dalam segi gaya bahasa dan kandungan maknanya. 2) Secara umum, fenomena al-takrâr dalam al-Qur`an dibagi menjadi dua jenis, yaitu pengulangan lafadz dan makna (takrâr al-lafdz wa al-ma’nâ) dan pengulangan makna saja, tanpa lafadz (takrâr al-lafdz dûna al-ma’nâ). 3) Fungsi al-takrâr dalam al-Qur`an antara lain adalah li al-taqrîr (penetapan dan penegasan) li al-ta`kîd (menguatkan makna), li al-ta’dhîm (memuliakan), li al-tahwîl (memberikan gambaran buruk dan menakutkan).
 
Kata Kunci: fenomena, al-takrâr (pengulangan), al-Qur`an.
NALAR IDEOLOGIS FIQIH DALAM TAFSIR AL-QUR’AN (Telaah Konstruksi Tafsir Pada Masa Abbasiyah)
Authors: Afwadzi Benny
Published: April 2021

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang nalar ideologis fiqih yang muncul dalam periode dinasti Abbasiyah, yang mengkhususkan pada kitab tafsir dari ulama pengikut madzhab empat, yakni madzhab H̲anafi, Mâliki, Syâfi’i, dan H̲anbali. Ulama H̲anafiyah diwakili oleh al-Jashshâsh, ulama Mâlikiyah diwakili oleh Ibnu al-‘Arabi, ulama Syâfi’iyah diwakili oleh Fakhruddîn al-Râzi, dan ulama Hanâbilah diwakili oleh Ibnu al-Jauzi. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah bahwa penafsiran terhadap ayat-ayat al-Qur’an dalam masing-masing kitab tafsir terlihat membela pemikiran dalam madzhab yang dianut oleh penulisnya. Beberapa sampel yang diambil, yakni diskursus ‘âm dan khâsh, amr dan nahy, serta lafadz musytarak membuktikan bahwa masing-masing ulama madzhab mempertahankan ideologi yang terdapat dalam madzhabnya dalam bidang fiqih, sehingga tafsir hukum yang muncul berwarna dengan warna madzhab si mufassir.   Keywords: Abbasiyah, ideologis, fiqih, pembelaan madzhab
SURAT AL-BAQARAH: REPETISI SEBAGAI PIRANTI KOHESI DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Ma’arif Samsul
Published: April 2021

This research is an answer to the notion that the Koran is not systematic and confused book, that  has no cohesion in its topics and themes. This research is seeking for the function of repetition as a device of cohesion in the text of the Koran, particularly in surah al-Baqarah. This research is a library research with data sources from the Koran as a text by using a sample surah al-Baqarah (number 2) as it is written in Mushhaf in circulation today. This study departs from the theory of Halliday and Hasan (1976) of Systemic Linguistics by using methods and techniques of qualitative descriptive analysis. This research indicates that the repetition of language units, either repetition of sounds, especially the form of syllables, repetition of words, phrases, clauses, sentences, and or even repetition of topics, creats a ties that can be combined by the text of the surah al-Baqarah. Through repetition in the surah al-Baqarah cohesion or coherence is found in the level of verses of surah, cohesion in topics surah, cohesion surah al-Baqarah, and even the cohesion of the Koran as a whole.Keywords: surah al-Baqarah, the Koran, repetition, cohesion
TAFSIR AL-WASĪTH LI AL-QUR’ĀN AL-KARĪM (Sebuah Karya Besar Grand Syaikh Muḥammad Sayyid Thanthāwī)
Authors: Mubarrok Abdullah
Published: April 2021

Muḥammad Sayyid Thanthāwī adalah seorang ulama multi disiplin ilmu. Tidak hanya tafsir, ia juga pakar dalam hukum Islam, sejarah dan lain-lain. Dengan kapasitas keilmuannya yang mumpuni, ia menyumbangkan sebuah karya yang pantas disejajarkan dengan tafsir-tafsir yang telah ada. Tafsir itu berjudul al-Wasīth li al-Qur’ān al-Karīm. Dengan bahasa yang sederhana dan mudah dipahami, Thanthāwī ingin mengupas petunjuk-petunjuk di dalam al-Qur’an seperti yang pernah dilakukan oleh pendahulunya yaitu Muḥammad Abduh. Dalam mukaddimah tafsirnya, Thanthāwī menggunakan metode terbaik dalam memahami al-Qur’an yaitu tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi al-Qur’ān, tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi al-sunnah dan tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi aqwāl al-shaḥābah. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakannya adalah pendekatan multidisipliner sesuai kandungan ayat dan dengan uraian yang sistematis.Key Word: Thanthāwī, Tafsīr al-Wasīth, pendekatan multidisipliner
TELAAH AWAL ATAS TAFSIR JĀMI’ AL-BAYĀN MIN KHULĀṢAH SUWAR AL-QUR`ĀN KARYA KH. MUHAMMAD BIN SULAIMAN (1329 – 1412 H/ 1911-1991 M)
Authors: Arifin Moch.
Published: April 2021

Jāmi’ al-Bayān min Khulāṣah Suwar al-Qur`ān by KH. Muhammad bin Sulaiman (1329 - 1412 H) Solo, Central Java, is one piece of exegesis work among the others in Indonesia which is not well-known by public. This study is aimed at introducing this exegesis work, through some topics raised here, namely the background or history of the writing, the exegesis methods, sources, systematics, and the contribution of Jāmi’ al-Bayān min Khulāṣah Suwar al-Qur`ān in Indonesia. This study is relevant as to bring this work to the surface to be known by the public. This study concludes that Jāmi’ al-Bayān min Khulāṣah Suwar al-Qur`ān is considered unique. The style of exegesis which KH. Muhammad initiated is in the form of concise commentary points as global essence of the verses. Furthermore, what makes this work of exegesis interesting is the sources of exegesis which are always present in the end of every commentary. To KH. Sulaiman, sanad is prioritized in keeping the orthodoxy of the Qur’anic exegesis.Key words: Jami’ al-Bayan min Khulasah Suwar al-Quran, introduction, related topics.
ANALISIS MAKNA KHAUF DALAM AL-QUR`AN
Authors: Nur Umi Luthfiana
Published: April 2021

Abstrak
Analisis linguistik dan sastra al-Qur`an sangat diperlukan dalam melakukan kajian al-Qur`an, karena kebahasaan menjadi poin penting dalam memahaminya. Sebab itu tulisanini menganalisis kata khauf dalam al-Qur`an. Hal ini bertujuan untuk memunculkan pesan-pesan yang dinamik dari kosakata al-Qur`an yang terkandung didalamnya. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan semantik Toshihiko Izutsu. Hal ini dilakukan untukmengungkap pandanganal-Qur`an terhadap istilah-istilah kunci dari kata khauf dalam tafsir sesuai konteks yang berlaku. Tulisan ini memperoleh kesimpulan bahwa makna dasar kata khauf adalah takut atau khawatir, pembunuhan (peperangan), pengetahuan, kulit merah yang disamak. Sedangkan makna sinkronik dan diakronik dari kata khauf tidak banyak berubah. Hanya saja, arti takut pada makna diakronik lebih kepada unsur ukhrawi, yakni takut akan azab Allah karena melanggar perintah-Nya.
Kata Kunci: Khauf, Semantik al-Qur`an, Toshihiko Izutsu
KRITIK ATAS KRITIK IGNAZ GOLDZIHER TENTANG QIRĀ’ĀT
Authors: Ecky Syahrullah
Published: April 2021

Goldziher went to great length to impose the Qur'an as scripture by critisizing the Qirā'āt aspect. He argued that the existence of Qirā'āt was an evidence of inconsistency of the Qur'an in its reading variants. Goldziher also revealed that Muslims previously tried to equate the Qirā'āt, but this was not realized because it was hampered by the lack of punctuation system at that time. This article describes and analyzes some of the scholars' criticisms which has criticized Goldziher's opinion. From the analysis, it is found that Goldziher's argument is not supported by strong evidence and data, and tends to ignore historical data.

Keywords: Qirā'āt, al-Qur`an, Ignaz Golziher, Criticism of opinion
MODEL PENAFSIRAN KONTEMPORER
Authors: Ahmad Mustofa
Published: April 2021

Abstrak

Ada dua istilah  dalam kajian tafsir  al-Qur`an, yaitu mā ḥawla  al-Qur`ān dan mā fī  al-Qur`ān. Istilah yang pertama merujuk pada pembahasan al-Qur`an dengan titik tekan pada aspek sosio-historis  dan antropologis masyarakat Arab pada masa turunnya al-Qur’an. Sedangkan  istilah yang  kedua merujuk pada upaya penggalian makna  sejati dari setiap kata bahkan setiap huruf di dalam al-Qur`an. Jika  bentuk kajian kedua ini biasanya berupa karya tafsir, maka bentuk kajian yang pertama lebih banyak berupa prinsip dan metode baru yang digunakan dalam menafsirkan, atau bahkan bisa berupa kritik terhadap model, sistematika dan metode penafsiran klasik. Dalam studi yang sederhana ini, kita akan menggali dan mengeksplorasi pemikiran salah satu sarjana  muslim kontemporer terkemuka yang mampu melakukan kajian terhadap kedua wilayah tersebut  secara bersamaan, yaitu M. Izzat Darwazat. Lewat kitab  al-Tafsīr al-Ḥadīth-nya, M. Izzat  Darwazat mempopulerkan sebuah  model penyusunan kitab tafsir dengan menggunakan sistematika tartīb al-nuzūl (sesuai urutan turunnya sūrah al-Qur`an) serta  mengenalkan metode penafsiran al-Qur`an dengan menggunakan prinsip-prinsip hermeneutika.

Kata Kunci; M. Izzat Darwazat, al-Tafsīr al-Ḥadīth,tartīb al-nuzūl dan Hermeneutika.
PANDANGAN AL-QUR`AN DALAM MERESPONS FENOMENA HOAX
Authors: Moch Arifin
Published: April 2021

Abstract

One of the social problems in the world, especially in Indonesia today, is the prevalence of hoax reported  in various mass media. The emergence of this news not only confuses various levels of society, but even defames the reputation of certain parties. This article aims to explain how the view of the Qur'an in responding to the hoax phenomenon. By using the thematic interpretation approach initiated by al-Farmāwī, the author aims to describe the verses of the al-Qur`an which are related to the issue of news and the story of ḥadīts al-ifk that afflicted 'Āisyah.

Key words;hoax, thematic interpretation, verses of the Qur'an.
KAJIAN INTERTEKS DALAM MANUSKRIP TAFSIR JALĀLAYN KARANGASEM SEDAN REMBANG
Authors: Chilyatus Saadah
Published: April 2021

This research is a study of the Tafsīr Jalālayn Karangasem Sedan Manuscript, Rembang by focusing on ḥāshiyah contained in the manuscript. Kiai Syarbini, Karangasem believes that the Tafsīr Jalālayn Karangasem manuscript contains the Tafsīr Jalālayn text which contains interpretations from surah al-Fatihah to surah al-Kahfi. In this manuscript there is additional information that contains an explanation of the words in the Qur’an and words in the Tafsīr Jalālain. By using the theory of intertext, this study seeks to search for and find what books are used as references in writing of ḥāshiyah contained in manuscript Tafsīr Jalālain Kiai Syarbini Karangasem. In intertext theory, a text cannot be alone. The appearance of the text is caused by the help of other texts. This research succeeded in identifying the books used as a reference source in the ḥāshiyahTafsīr Jalālayn manuscript, which include: Tafsir al-Bayḍāwī, Tafsir al-Qurṭūbi, Tafsīr al- Ṣhāwī, and Tafsir Mafātiḥ al-Ghayb.The findings of this manuscript are indicative of the existence of Tafsīr learning as well as efforts to provide comments on earlier interpretations than previously thought, at least in the 19th century Rembang area which is said to have experienced a learning emptiness of tafsir books.

Keywords: Intetext, ḥāshiyah, manuscript, Tafsir Jalalain
KHALQ AL-QUR`AN DALAM PERSPEKTIF TAKWIL MUKTAZILAH
Authors: Abdullah Mubarok
Published: April 2021

Discource about khalq al-Qur`ān (creation of al-Qur`an) is regarded one of the slander that is problematic. This discourse is not only ideological, but also political and has a background of power. This problem caused a debate which had led to bloodshed in the case of Khalid bin Abdullah al-Qisry, al-Ja'd bin Dirham and also the caliphate of al-Makmun. The thought of khalq al-Qur`ān was allegedly derived from Muktazilah. Therefore this article examines the process of takwil of the Muktazilah school regarding khalq al-Qur`an. With a qualitative approach this article concludes that Muktazilah argues that the Qur’an which is the word of Allah is a creature and hādīth (new). According to them, kalam is a certain editor that arises from the arrangement of letters which can be both understood and heard. On the other hand Muktazilah also argues that the word of Allah is not azalī (the age before everything existed). Their logic is that if Allah's word is azalī, when Allah was speaking, was not accompanied by the interlocutor, and this is irrational.
Keywords: al-Qur`an, Muktazilah, Takwil.
SOSIALISASI PASTORAL TENTANG PEMULIHAN PELAYANAN BAGI JEMAAT PONDOK NATAI KECAMATAN TUMBANG TITI
Authors: Gori Titi Mei Chariani
Published: April 2021

Sosialisasi pastoral adalah suatu upaya yang dilakukan agar pelayanan gereja memiliki perkembangan dan masalah yang dihadapi dapat terselesaikan dengan baik berdasarkan Alkitab. Dengan adanya Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) memudahkan untuk penyelesaikan masalah yang telah terjadi, Dalam mewujudkan jemaat yang berpartisipasi dalam pelayanan kembali. Awal berdirinya suatu rumah ibadah yang terletak di Pondok Natai merupakan pemikiran bersama jemaat dan gembala serta dengan tujuan  yaitu: “membangun gereja untuk kenyamanan kita bersama dalam beribadah”. Tetapi kenyataan yang ada setelah gereja berdiri kokoh dan dapat digunakan, ada beberapa jemaat yang tidak ibadah dan bahkan ada beberapa keluarga yang pindah agama. Waktu semakin berlalu keadaan jemaat semakin terpuruk dan partisipasi dalam pelayanan sudah berkurang, jemaat yang datang untuk ibadah setiap minggunya hanya satu atau dua orang yang lain memilih sibuk sendiri dan tidak peduli akan ibadah-ibadah yang dilaksanakan. Sosialisai pastoral tentang pemulihan bagi pelayanan di Pondok Natai yang akan dilakukan merupakan suatu upaya agar jemaat dapat ibadah serta berpartisipasi dalam kemajuan pelayanan kembali.
Vajinitlerde Etiyoloji Değişiyor mu? Tek Merkez Verilerinin Paylaşımı
Authors: KARAKOÇ Zehra Çağla
Published: April 2021

Vajinitler jinekoloji polikliniklerinde en sık karşılaşılan tanılardan biri olup, çoğunlukla enfeksiyöz kaynaklıdır. Çalışmamızda; jinekoloji polikliniklerine vajinal akıntı şikayeti ile başvuran hastalardan alınan vajinal sürüntü örneklerinin, mikrobiyolojik değerlendirme sonuçlarının ve etiyolojide rol alan mikroorganizmaların değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Ocak-Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında hastanemiz jinekoloji polikliniklerinde vajinit ön tanısı konulan 290 hastadan alınan 305 vajinal sürüntü örneği çalışmaya dahil edildi. Örneklerin mikroskobik inceleme ve kültür sonuçları klinik mikrobiyoloji laboratuvar kayıtlarından retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Vaginal sürüntü kültürleri; %5 koyun kanlı agar, Çikolata agar, MacConcey agar, Sabouraud Dextroz agar besiyerlerine ekilerek, gram boyamaları ve direkt mikroskobik incelemeleri yapıldı. Plaklar 48-72 saat süre ile 37°C’de inkübe edildi. Üreyen mikroorganizmaların identifikasyonu ve antibiyogramı için VITEK 2 Compact® (bioMeriéux, Marcy l’Etoile, Fransa) otomatize sistemi kullanıldı. Hastaların ortalama yaşı 35.1±10.3 (18-84) olup, mikroorganizma üremesi saptanan örnek sayısı 131 (%42.9)’di ve bunların 84(%64.1)’ünde Candida albicans’ın etken olduğu belirlendi. Hastalar premenopozal ve postmenopozal (<45 yaş ve ≥45 yaş) olarak gruplandırıldı. Premenopozal grupta vajinal sürüntü örneği kültüründe üreme oranı (118/131), C. albicans üreme oranı (81/131) bakteriyel vajinoz ile ilişkili bulgular (25/262) daha fazla oranda belirlendi. Mikroskopik incelemede Trichomonas vaginalis saptanan hastaların tamamı premenopozal gruptaydı. Buna mukabil postmenopozal grupta ise, bakteriyel üreme oranı (10/13) daha fazlaydı. İzole edilen gram-pozitif bakterilerde ampisilin, penisilin ve gentamisin direnci saptanmadı. Gram-negatif bakterilerde ise karbapenemler ve gentamisine karşı direnç saptanmazken, diğer antibiyotiklere olan duyarlılık %47.2-97.2 arasında değişti. Çalışmamızda tüm hasta popülasyonu değerlendirildiğinde izole edilen en sık etken C. albicans’tır. Ancak postmenopozal grupta bakteriyel etkenlerin ön plana geçtiği, premenopozal grupta ise; literatürle uyumlu olarak Candida’ların daha sık vajinit etkeni olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Radiological Analysis of Proximal Humerus Restoration and Functional Outcome in Shoulder Hemiarthroplasty
Authors: GÜRSAN Onur , ÖZKAN Mustafa , ACAN Ahmet
Published: April 2021

In shoulder hemiarthroplasty, the glenohumeral offset, subacromial gap, vertical and horizontal measurements of tuberosities, and stage of fatty infiltration are some of the radiological parameters that evaluate the restoration of proximal humerus. This study was designed to determine which radiological parameters are more compatible with functional results after hemiarthroplasty. Twenty-five patients, who were treated between 2002 and 2010 for proximal humerus fractures with hemiarthroplasty and had post-operative computed tomography (CT) scans, were evaluated. The final position of the prosthetic head, tuberculum restoration, and fatty degeneration of the supraspinatus muscle were analysed radiologically. The American Shoulder and Elbow Society (ASES) score, Constant–Murley score, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) index score were used to determine functional performance. The mean ASES, Constant–Murley, and DASH index scores of patients aged 52 to 84 years were 70, 66, and 23, respectively. The patient group with a normal retroverted prothesis had higher Constant–Murley and lower DASH index scores (p<0.05). The group with 0 to 5 mm horizontal malpositioning in CT scans had better clinical outcomes (p<0.05). Better clinical outcomes were noted in the stage 0 fatty infiltration group (p<0.05). Hemiarthroplasty remains an important treatment option in proximal humerus fractures. In collaboration with achieving closer restoration to proximal humerus anatomy, the stage of fatty degeneration plays an important role in a successful functional result.Keywords:
Effect of Trading Volume, Market Capitalization, Firm Size in explaining Return on Vultures
Authors: Hariyanto Dedi
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The study aims to examine the effect of trading volume, market capitalization, and firm size in explaining return on vultures in selected companies in Indonesia.
Methodology/Approach/Design: The population is 131 JII forming companies in IDX between December 2009 – May 2010 to December 2019 – May 2020. All data is transformed into standard form because the model used is path analysis. The corresponding regression of equation 1 is the Random Effect model and the corresponding Regression equation 2 is the Fixed Effect model. This study uses panel data analysis; the Chow test and Hausman test are also used. Data is processed using statistics EViews software. 
Results: The results of the equalization test 1, trading volume has a significant negative effect on the return of shares. The results also show that the market capitalization has a significant negative effect on the return of shares, and consequently the size of the company has a significant negative effect on the return of shares. Hasil testing for equalization 2, trading volume has a significant effect on vultures, while market capitalization has no significant effect on vultures. The size of the company has a significant effect on vultures, and the return of the company has a significant effect on vultures.
Practical Implications: This research is limited to the variety of indices and varieties of securities that become populations and samples. Future research can be developed by focusing on indices and securities as well as the development of other variables in the behavioral finance section in addition to herding.
Originality/Value: This study differs greatly from previous studies in emerging markets in contributing to literature from a new direction in exploring investor returns and herding.
Paraneoplastische dermatomyositis bij rectumcarcinoom: belang van snelle diagnose en therapie, maar onduidelijkheid over de beste aanpak
Authors: LEMMENS P. , MERTENS G. , MORTIER L. , VAN OVERBEKE L. , VANHOENACKER F.
Published: April 2021

Paraneoplastic dermatomyositis in rectal cancer: importance of rapid diagnosis and therapy, but uncertainty about the best approach

A 55-year-old woman, recently diagnosed with peritoneal metastasized rectal adenocarcinoma, developed a rash on her face, hands and torso, shortly after starting chemotherapy, as well as progressive proximal myalgia. Based on the typical symptoms, the increased creatine kinases (CK) levels after a biochemistry test and the characteristic abnormalities after an EMG, the diagnosis of dermatomyositis was made.

Dermatomyositis (DM) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the skin and muscles, which may also be accompanied by systemic manifestations. The etiology of dermatomyositis is still not fully understood. When dermatomyositis develops at older age, however, it is often a paraneoplastic syndrome.

DM is a disease that can have a rapid and severe course. Thereby, fast recognition and adequate treatment are extremely important. The symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options are discussed in the article on the basis of the current literature.
A gripe espanhola foi um negócio lucrativo
Authors: Bertolli Filho Cláudio
Published: April 2021

teste
Mídia e debate público
Authors: Carolina Pontalti Monari Ana
Published: April 2021

Com raízes na Europa e nos Estados Unidos, o movimento antivacinação vem crescendo no Brasil e pode ser uma das explicações para a queda da taxa de vacinação no país. Sabendo do potencial dos meios de comunicação em promover o debate público na sociedade, este artigo busca verificar as possibilidades de contribuição da mídia para o fomento da opinião pública sobre os movimentos antivacinação no Brasil. Foram feitas análises de reportagens sobre a temática publicadas pela BBC News Brasil e pela Deutsche Welle. Com o apoio das teorias de opinião pública e midiatização e com base na análise hermenêutica, os dados obtidos pela investigação mostraram que ambos os conteúdos fomentaram parcialmente a opinião pública, uma vez que não “ouviram” os dois lados da questão.
Claude Bernard (1813-1878) e a Medicina Experimental
Authors: Ibañez Nelson
Published: April 2021

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Transferência tecnológica da vacina de influenza no acordo entre o Instituto Butantan e a Sanofis/Pasteur
Authors: Ibañez Nelson
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo objetiva, passados mais de cem anos da pandemia de gripe espanhola (1918-1919), analisar o processo de transferência tecnológica da vacina de  influenza   da Sanofis Pasteur para o Instituto Butantan. A metodologia da pesquisa foi a de “estudo de caso” (YIN, 1994), respondendo às questões do “porquê” e do “como” ocorreu essa transferência. Analisa-se os contextos nacional e internacional no período, valendo-se de uma revisão bibliográfica do tema e realiza-se ainda análise documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas com atores-chave. As questões relativas ao “porquê” da transferência foram vistas de forma a identificar os aspectos envolvidos com a tomada de decisão, a relevância e a oportunidade de criação de conhecimento tecnológico por parte do setor público na produção em larga escala da vacina de influenza. As questões relativas ao “como”, ou seja, ao processo em si da transferência, objetivaram identificar e analisar: os instrumentos formais (contrato de transferência de tecnologia), as etapas de implementação, fatores intervenientes, relações entre parceira (Sanofis) e Instituto, entraves institucionais, impactos econômicos e por fim discutir os resultados e as possibilidades de inovação criadas por esse processo. Os resultados alcançados pela transferência trazem à tona uma série de situações positivas e possibilidades de ganhos com a produção local e seu potencial inovador, o que na área social se dá pelo custo-benefício do ponto de vista da economia devido ao impacto nas internações e medicamentos necessários para o tratamento das pessoas contaminadas pela gripe.
DIFICULDADES NA APRENDIZAGEM DE FÍSICA DOS ALUNOS DA ESCOLA ESTADUAL CENTRO DE ENSINO EPITÁCIO PESSOA
Authors: Marques dos Santos Antonio , Soane da Silva e Sousa Luiza
Published: April 2021

Neste trabalho apresenta-se discussões e reflexões sistemáticas sobre as dificuldades na aprendizagem de Física identificadas a partir de análises, observações e questionários aplicados aos educandos do ensino médio da escola estadual Centro de Ensino Epitácio Pessoa, através de uma pesquisa de campo. Assim, mencionar as seguintes categorias de análise: as causas das dificuldades na aprendizagem de Física, discutir sobre a aprendizagem de Física, verificar as dificuldades na aprendizagem de Física, analisar as metodologias no ensino da Física. Analisou-se que predomina ausência na diferenciação entre as dificuldades e suas razões. Em relação a sua manifestação, prevalecem momentos ligados às explicações do professor e interpretação dos enunciados e conteúdos do livro didático. Os resultados nos permite compreender que as dificuldades não tem relação apenas com questões pessoais dos alunos, mas principalmente a aspectos psicopedagógicos.
Improved High Dynamic Range for 3D Shape Measurement based on Saturation of the Coloured Fringe
Authors: Chua Shanyu , Lim Chee Chin , Eng Swee Kheng , Chong Yen Fook , Loh Chiun Tai
Published: April 2021

Phase-shifting fringe projection methods have been developed for three-dimensional scanning (Zuo et al., 2018). However, the 3-Dimensional (3D) scanning of objects with a high dynamic reflectivity range based on structured light is a challenging task to achieve (Feng et al., 2018). The incorrect intensities captured will cause phase and measurement errors. Thus, this paper proposes a method that improves the current High Dynamic Range (HDR) (Jiang et al., 2016)) method to increase the dynamic range. The camera and projector have 3 channels, red, green, and blue, which can absorb and project these lights independently. This paper proposes a method that makes use of this by controlling the intensity of each projected for the camera. Each image can be split into 3 channels and provide 3 images which contain different intensities, then it will be used to compute the 3D information. In general, this is done by controlling the projection of red, green and blue (RGB) channel and apply the Jiang’s algorithm (Jiang et al., 2016). The results are compared and analysed with current HDR (Jiang’s method) and the regular three-step phase-shifting methods. From the experimental results, it has shown that our proposed method outperforms the current HDR and the regular three-step phase-shifting methods. Specifically, the proposed method manages to increase the dynamic range of the reflective property of objects. Additionally, our proposed method has also significantly reduced the times of 3D object measurements.
Ethylene Yield from a Large Scale Naphtha Pyrolysis Cracking Utilizing Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Zakria Mohamad Hafizi , Mohd Nawawi Mohd Ghazali , Abdul Rahman Mohd Rizal
Published: April 2021

Statistical software is a robust application that has proven reliable worldwide. However, it is not normally used in the actual large scale olefin plant as it relies on the simulation software by Olefin Licensor should any issue rises. The study was conducted in a newly commissioned large scale olefin plant to see the impact of various operating variables on the ethylene yield from Short Residence Time (SRT) VII Furnace. The analysis was conducted utilizing statistical analysis, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in Minitab Software Version 18 to develop a reliable statistical model with a 95% confidence level. The historical data was taken from the Process Information Management System (PIMS) Software, PI Process Book Version 2015, and underwent both residuals and outliers removal prior to RSM analysis. 10 variables were shortlisted from the initial 15 identified variables in the studied SRT VII via Regression analysis due to RSM limitation to conduct the larger analysis in Minitab Software Version 18. The Response Optimizer tool showed that the ethylene yield from naphtha pyrolysis cracking in the studied plant could be maximized at 34.1% with control setting at 600.39 kg/ hr of Integral Burner Flow, 6.81% of Arch O2, 113.42 Barg of Steam Drum Pressure, 496.96°C of Super High Pressure (SHP) Temperature, 109.11 t/hr of SHP Boiler Feed Water (BFW) Flow, 92.78 t/hr of SHP Flow, 63.50 t/hr of Naphtha Feed Flow, and -13.38 mmHg of Draft Pressure.
Endoscopy in a COVID-19 Referral National University Hospital: A Single-center Experience and Recommendations
Authors: Torres John Mark , Yasay Eric , Daez Ma. Lourdes , De Lusong Mark Anthony
Published: April 2021

Rationale. COVID-19 pandemic disease, can be transmitted during gastrointestinal procedures, via aerosolized droplets, and via fecal shedding. Both international and local endoscopy societies have issued strategies to alleviate the risk to endoscopy personnel. However, several barriers against the implementation of these recommendations exist thus individual center’s policies are employed whenever applicable.

Objectives. This narrative study aims to describe the current experience and set-up in the endoscopy unit of a COVID referral center, discuss the stratification of patients for endoscopy, the operational management of the personnel and endoscopy unit in line with the adapted local and international guidelines and offer endoscopists a quick reference guide to adapt endoscopy practice during the pandemic in a resource-limited setting.

Methodology. This paper reviews and consolidates current endoscopy guidelines and describes the single-center experience of Philippine General Hospital.

Results. In resource-limited settings, with uncertainties of prolonged COVID-19 impact to healthcare, modification of practice, adherence to strategies and recommendations, empowerment of workforce, establishing the sustainability of resources, training, and service to patients, are essential components to combat current dilemma brought about by this pandemic.

Conclusion. Integration of current local and international guidelines encompass all aspects of endoscopy practice during the pandemic. The recommendations cited are aimed to guide other resource-limited endoscopy units for potential changes and guidance in the overall practice.
Treatment of Osteosarcoma Patients in the Philippine General Hospital during the COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Gaston Czar Louie , Yu Hazel Valerie , Dacanay Emileo , Dimayuga Cesar Cipriano , Estanislao Jochrys , Fajardo Pamela , Quintos Albert Jerome , Rubio Donnel Alexis , Wang Edward , Alcasabas Ana Patricia
Published: April 2021

Objectives. The ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted healthcare systems worldwide. This study aimed to document the effect of COVID-19 on osteosarcoma treatment pathways in the Philippine General Hospital (PGH) and determine if there were any delays.

Method. A retrospective review of osteosarcoma patients treated at the PGH from January 1, 2019 – January 1, 2020 (pre-COVID-19) was compared to those treated during the COVID-19 pandemic from March 1, 2020 – September 1, 2020. Rates of diagnosed osteosarcoma, admission for chemotherapy, admission for surgery, treatment abandonment, metastatic disease on presentation, 1-year mortality, and amputation were calculated and compared between the two groups.

Results. From March to September 2020, 11 newly diagnosed osteosarcoma patients sought consult at the PGH. Only one patient sought consult during the initial 3-4 months of the study, suggesting that patients delayed seeking healthcare during the period of enhanced community quarantine. Patients seen during the pandemic had a higher rate of metastatic disease on presentation, reflecting the delay in diagnosis. Due to COVID-19 restrictions early in the pandemic, osteosarcoma patients were coordinated and referred to outside hospitals for intravenous chemotherapy and surgery. Normalization of services (hospital admissions, limb salvage surgeries) were seen at the later stages of the study, corresponding to the loosening of the quarantine.

Conclusions. Osteosarcoma patients experienced delays in seeking consult, diagnosis, and treatment at the PGH due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Early indicators suggest worse outcomes for these patients due to the delays. Strategies employed during the pandemic, such as networking of care and telemedicine, may help in future outbreaks.
Message of the Philippine General Hospital Director
Authors: Legaspi Gerardo D.
Published: April 2021

Sir Winston Churchill once said, “Never let a good crisis go to waste.” This was when, after the ravages of World War II, he sought to form the United Nations.

This pandemic has affected our daily lives in unimaginable ways, much like the World War did, almost 80 years ago. The onslaught of daily challenges required us to change our strategies, modify our course, and even abandon some plans. It did not, however, extinguish our quench for knowledge and the desire to share it with others.

I am truly proud of this COVID-19 special issue of Acta Medica Philippina, which stands as a testament to the unsinkable research spirit of the Philippine General Hospital (PGH) and the University of the Philippines as a whole. Ironically, it is in this unusual period that PGH has achieved its highest publication rate.

The vital lessons that the articles in this issue impart to its readers, culled from the seemingly desperate situation we are all in, would surely be instrumental for us to emerge out of this crisis better and wiser.

 

 

Gerardo D. Legaspi, MD Director Philippine General Hospital
ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION: A PANACEA FOR JOB CREATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education and Extension Services, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria, Kamar Khalil , Terzungwe Iorhemen ,   Department of Education Arts Faculty of Education University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Muhammad Sani ,   Division of General Studies Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero
Published: April 2021

The main task of entrepreneurship education is to prepare young people to enter the labor market, as well as to develop a sense of initiative and entrepreneurial skills among them. Therefore, it is important how national education systems adapt to changing skill requirements within a globalized economy. This study examines Entrepreneurship Education as a Panacea for Job Creation and Sustainable Development in Nigeria. Human capital theory (HCT) and Risk taking theory (RTT) guided the study. Among other concern areas examined in this study include; literature review, concept of entrepreneurship, basic aspects of an entrepreneur, entrepreneurship education and job creation, brief history of entrepreneurship, benefits of Entrepreneurship for sustainable development, contribution of entrepreneur in development of Nigeria economy, challenges and possible solutions and conclusion was drawn. It was however, recommended that the government should give adequate attention to entrepreneurial development in the country through the provision of good economic environment to encourage individual participation in business while this is guaranteed entrepreneurship will thrive and consequently improve economic growth.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY USE ON EFFECTIVE ADMINISTRATION OF PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS, LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Information Resources Management,  School of Management Science Babcock University, Ilihan- Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria, Olajumoke Akinwumi , Yemisi Babalola ,   Department of Information Resources Management,  School of Management Science Babcock University, Ilihan- Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria, Gabriel Alegbeleye ,   Department of Information Resources Management,  School of Management Science Babcock University, Ilihan- Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
Published: April 2021

This study investigated information and communication technology use on effective administration of senior secondary schools. It evaluated the extent of use of the various ICT devices and their influence on the administration of secondary schools. To guide the study, one research question and one hypothesis were tested. The design used for the study was survey design and the population comprised the school administrators involved in the running of the schools on a daily basis and these were the principals, vice- principals and heads of the various subjects’ departments in the public senior schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. The instrument for data collection was a 19-item questionnaire while means and t-test statistics were used for data analysis. Findings from the study showed ICT use has a significant positive influence on the effective administrations of public senior secondary schools in Lagos state. Additionally, the study found that the level of ICT use for administrative purposes in public senior secondary schools in Lagos State was moderate. The ICT devices highly utilized were photocopiers and mobile telephones. While printer, computer systems, social media, e-mails services, internet, and scanners were moderately utilized. However, ICT devices like projectors and smart boards were rarely utilized. The study recommends the provision of the necessary ICT equipment and infrastructure in an enabling physical and psychological technological environment for effective public secondary school administration.
MATHEMATICS EDUCATION AS A TOOL FOR TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT, SELF-RELIANCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INGOMBE STATE
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Federal College of Education (Technical) Gombe, Magaji Abdullahi , Oluyinka Bello ,   Department of Mathematics, Federal College of Education (Technical) Gombe, Tela Samuta ,   Department of Mathematics, Federal College of Education (Technical) Gombe, Abubakar Aishatu ,   Department of Mathematics, Federal College of Education (Technical) Gombe, Mishelia Daniel ,   Department of Biology, Federal College of Education (Technical) Gombe, Tako Amina ,   Mathematical Sciences Department, Ibrahim Babangida University Lapai, Niger State
Published: April 2021

The development of any nation depends on her scientific and technological advancements. Therefore, the paper examined the role of mathematics education on the technological development, self-reliance and sustainable development in Gombe state. A total of two thousand, six hundred and fifty (2,650), respondents consisted of Gombe State Ministry of Education officials, parents, principals, vice principals, teachers, students and others from forty (40) each of junior and senior secondary schools purposively and randomly selected and used for the study. Data collected using well designed and open ended questionnaire and analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, and regression analysis statistical tool to answer the research question and to treat the research hypothesis of the study at 0.05 alpha level of significance revealed that there is an effect of mathematics education on the technological development, self-reliance and sustainable development in Gombe state. Recommendations were given based on the findings of the study, since mathematics is the bedrock of scientific and technological development of any nation.
Bioactivity of Neem oil in leafhopper nymphs Empoasca kraemeri (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
Authors: CABRAL Maria Jéssica dos Santos , PINHEIRO Rodrigo Almeida
Published: April 2021

A cigarrinha-verde Empoasca kraemeri (Ross e Moore, 1957) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), tem sido relatada como uma das principais pragas que atacam I. batatas. O Neem Azadirachta indica é uma alternativa viável no controle de insetos pragas, pois é um produto natural, não polui o meio ambiente e não causa resistência. Portanto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a bioatividade do óleo de Neem sobre ninfas de E. kraemeri. Para constatação do efeito folhas de Ipomea batatas foram pulverizados nas concentrações 6,0; 3,0; 1,5; 0,75 e 0,25 ul l-1. Foram fornecidas a ninfas e as testemunhas foram pulverizadas com água destilada. O experimento foi mantido, em laboratório, a 25 ± 2°C; UR de 50 ± 10% e fotofase de 12 h. O período de incubação, para todos os tratamentos inclusive as testemunhas, foi de três dias. As concentrações 1,5, 3,0 e 6,0 ul foram as que atingiram mortalidade de 92%, 100% e 100% nas ninfas de E. kraemeri, demonstrando o potencial da Azadirachta indica para controle da cigarrinha. Portanto, conclui-se que, o óleo de Neem ocasionou significativa mortalidade sobre as ninfas de Cigarrinha E. kraemeri .
Biometrics of fruits and seeds sold in open markets
Authors: CONCEIÇÃO Maria José Ferreira da , BARROS Rubens Pessoa de
Published: April 2021

O Brasil encontra-se entre os três maiores produtores mundiais de frutas, estando no terceiro lugar no ranking mundial de produção. O país possui elevado consumo interno, e ainda exporta uma quantidade razoável, e desta forma a economia é influenciada diretamente pela fruticultura. Porém, algumas culturas enfrentam intempéries que afetam seu desenvolvimento e produtividade. Portanto, buscando oferecer produtos de qualidade, aumentar a produção e a lucratividade, os fruticultores buscam auxílio na ciência, a qual estuda novos métodos de manejo e melhoramento genético. Para dar suporte a estes estudos são necessários dados fornecidos pela biometria. Partindo dessa premissa,  este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os dados da biometria de frutos comercializados em feiras livres do Agreste Alagoano para auxiliar como parâmetro da aquisição da compra. O delineamento experimental planejado foi o inteiramente casualizado, onde o pesquisador escolheu aleatoriamente as bancas de feiras e a coleta dos frutos. Os tratamentos se constituíram na coleta de dez espécies de frutos e as repetições cinco feiras semanais no período de outubro de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020. Os frutos foram estudados em triplicatas, utilizando-se uma amostra de dez unidades de cada espécie em cada feira visitada. Cada feira coletou-se três frutos das dez espécies comercializadas. As espécies de frutos foram: abacate, goiaba, laranja, limão, maçã, manga, mamão, maracujá, melão e pera. Para mensuração dos frutos utilizou-se paquímetro universal analógico da marca Amatools (150 mm/6”), com precisão de 0,05 mm e, para aferição dos pesos, balança semi-analítica. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância por comparação de médias  múltiplas através  das médias de Games-Howell a  5%  de  probabilidade. Para essa análise  quantitativa da ANOVA e análise de regressão, utilizou-se o auxílio do programa estatístico AGROESTAT.
Phytochemical Analysis and Anticancer Activity of Ethanolic Extract Against A549 Human Lung Cancer Cell Line Azadirachta Indica
Authors: Madhavan S. Azhagu
Published: April 2021

Azadirachta indica phytochemicals are found to be effective against malignant growth and hostile to bacterial properties. In the specific examination, the coupling proficiency of five mixes that are available in the Azadirachta indica with all the eleven proteins through in silico techniques was completed. Plant removes harmful compound instigated injury by expanding the body's degrees of cell reinforcement particles. For example, they affect the glutathione, and improving the action of cancer prevention agent chemicals. About 549 cells treated with Azadirachta indica ethanolic separated in various hours (6, 12, 24 and 36 hours). After 36 hours, the cells development was controlled. There are re-established interests in home grown based meds to hinder the results of manufactured medications, Azadirachta Indica L. A leaf contains phytochemical intensifies that has all freer revolutionary rummaging just as anticancer exercises.