bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NUMERICAL MODELLING OF TURBOFAN ENGINE DETERIORATION AS A FACTOR IN THE AIRLINES FUEL CONSERVATION
Authors: Serbezov Vladimir
Published: January 2020

The boosting of the fuel efficiency of in-service aircraft is an issue of great commercial and ecological importance. One of the ways to achieve this is by adjusting the flight parameters and flight planning to the particular performance level of every single airplane. Main contributors to the aircraft performance deterioration are the aerodynamic and power plant deterioration. In this paper a mathematical modelling approach for the estimation of the effect of turbofan engine deterioration on passenger aircraft performance is proposed. Based on previous flight models developed by the authors, the present model simulates the deterioration of CFM-56-like turbofans on an Airbus A319-like airplane, and makes possible to compare the performance of airplanes with deteriorated and not deteriorated engines over various flight missions. A representative scenario is explored as an illustration. The model can be further developed to include the aerodynamic deterioration of the aircraft as well as other operational factors.
The Impact of Metallicity on the Evolution of the Rotation and Magnetic Activity of Sun-like Stars
Authors: Amard Louis , Matt Sean P.
Published: January 2020

The rotation rates and magnetic activity of Sun-like and low-mass (≲1.4M
⊙) main-sequence stars are known to decline with time, and there now exist several models for the evolution of rotation and activity. However, the role that chemical composition plays during stellar spin-down has not yet been explored. In this work, we use a structural evolution code to compute the rotational evolution of stars with three different masses (0.7, 1.0, and 1.3 M
⊙) and six different metallicities, ranging from [Fe/H] = −1.0 to [Fe/H] = +0.5. We also implement three different wind-braking formulations from the literature (two modern and one classical) and compare their predictions for rotational evolution. The effect that metallicity has on stellar structural properties, and in particular the convective turnover timescale, leads the two modern wind-braking formulations to predict a strong dependence of the torque on metallicity. Consequently, they predict that metal-rich stars spin down more effectively at late ages (≳1 Gyr) than metal-poor stars, and the effect is large enough to be detectable with current observing facilities. For example, the formulations predict that a Sun-like (solar-mass and solar-aged) star with [Fe/H] = −0.3 will have a rotation period of less than 20 days. Even though old, metal-poor stars are predicted to rotate more rapidly at a given age, they have larger Rossby numbers and are thus expected to have lower magnetic activity levels. Finally, the different wind-braking formulations predict quantitative differences in the metallicity dependence of stellar rotation, which may be used to test them.
Diagnosing the Stellar Population and Tidal Structure of the Blanco 1 Star Cluster
Authors: Zhang Yu , Tang Shih-Yun , Chen W. P. , Pang Xiaoying , Liu J. Z.
Published: January 2020

We present the stellar population, using Gaia DR2 parallax, kinematics, and photometry, of the young (∼100 Myr), nearby (∼230 pc) open cluster, Blanco 1. A total of 644 member candidates are identified via the unsupervised machine learning method StarGO to find the clustering in the five-dimensional position and proper motion parameter (X, Y, Z,

, μ

δ
) space. Within the tidal radius of 10.0 ± 0.3 pc, there are 488 member candidates, 3 times more than those outside. A leading tail and a trailing tail, each of 50–60 pc in the Galactic plane, are found for the first time for this cluster, with stars further from the cluster center streaming away faster, manifest stellar stripping. Blanco 1 has a total detected mass of 285 ± 32 M
⊙ with a mass function consistent with a slope of α = 1.35 ± 0.2 in the sense of

, in the mass range of 0.25–2.51 M
⊙, where N is the number of members and m is stellar mass. A minimum spanning tree (ΛMSR) analysis shows the cluster to be moderately mass segregated among the most massive members (≳1.4 M
⊙), suggesting an early stage of dynamical disintegration.
The GBT Diffuse Ionized Gas Survey: Tracing the Diffuse Ionized Gas around the Giant Hii Region W43
Authors: Luisi Matteo , Anderson L. D. , Liu Bin , Balser Dana S. , Bania T. M. , Wenger Trey V. , Haffner L. M.
Published: January 2020

The Green Bank Telescope Diffuse Ionized Gas Survey (GDIGS) is a fully sampled radio recombination line (RRL) survey of the inner Galaxy at C-band (4–8 GHz). We average together ∼15 Hnα RRLs within the receiver bandpass to improve the spectral signal-to-noise ratio. The average beam size for the RRL observations at these frequencies is ∼2′. We grid these data to have spatial and velocity spacings of 30″ and 0.5

, respectively. Here we discuss the first RRL data from GDIGS: a 6 deg2 area surrounding the Galactic H II region complex W43. We attempt to create a map devoid of emission from discrete H II regions and detect RRL emission from the diffuse ionized gas (DIG) across nearly the entire mapped area. We estimate the intensity of the DIG emission by a simple empirical model, taking only the H II region locations, angular sizes, and RRL intensities into account. The DIG emission is predominantly found at two distinct velocities: ∼40 and ∼100

. While the 100

component is associated with W43 at a distance of ∼6 kpc, the origin of the 40

component is less clear. Since the distribution of the 40

emission cannot be adequately explained by ionizing sources at the same velocity, we hypothesize that the plasma at the two velocity components is interacting, placing the 40

DIG at a similar distance as the 100

emission. We find a correlation between dust temperature and integrated RRL intensity, suggesting that the same radiation field that heats the dust also maintains the ionization of the DIG.
Fast and Wide CMEs without Observed >20 MeV Protons
Authors: Lario D. , Kwon R. Y. , Balmaceda L. , Richardson I. G. , Krupar V. , Thompson B. J. , Cyr O. C. St , Zhao L. , Zhang M.
Published: January 2020

Statistical studies have found a close association between large solar energetic particle (SEP) events and fast and wide coronal mass ejections (CMEs). However, not all fast and wide CMEs have an associated SEP event. From the Coordinated Data Analysis Web catalog of CMEs observed by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) between 2009 January 1 and 2014 September 30, we select fast (plane-of-sky speed >1000 km s−1) and wide (plane-of-sky angular width >120°) CMEs and determine whether >20 MeV protons were detected by either SOHO or the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO-A or STEREO-B). Among the 123 selected CMEs, only 11 did not produce a >20 MeV proton intensity increase at any of the three spacecraft. We use multispacecraft coronagraph observations to reevaluate the speeds and widths of the CMEs. The 11 CMEs without observed >20 MeV protons tend to be in the narrow and slow end of the distribution of the selected CMEs. We consider several factors that might play a role in the nonobservation of high-energy particles in these events, including (1) the ambiguous determination of the CME parameters, (2) the inefficiency of the particle sources to produce >20 MeV protons, (3) the lack of magnetic connection between particle sources and any spacecraft, and (4) the lack of particles accelerated and released during the parent solar eruptions. Whereas the extent of the high Mach number regions formed in front of the CME is limited, the characteristic that seems to distinguish those fast and wide CMEs that lack observed >20 MeV protons is a deficit in the release of particles during the solar eruptions.
The genus Catathelasma (Catathelasmataceae, Basidiomycota) in China
Authors: Ge Zai-Wei , Wu Jian-Yun , Hao Yan-Jia , Zhang Qingying , An Yi-Feng , Ryberg Martin
Published: January 2020

Two new species, Catathelasma laorentou and C. subalpinum, are described on the basis of morphological characters, phylogenetic evidence, host preferences and geographic distributions. A taxonomic key to the known species in China is also provided to facilitate identification. Based on samples from temperate Asia, Europe and North America, the phylogeny of Catathelasma was reconstructed using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the large subunit (LSU) of the ribosomal DNA and the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1).The phylogenetic results showed that Catathelasma contains two monophyletic clades: the /subalpinum clade and the /imperiale clade. The Asian species C. laorentou and C. subalpinum are closely related to the North American C. sp. (labelled as C. ventricosum in GenBank) in the /subalpinum clade, whereas C. imperiale and C. singeri are closely related in the /imperiale clade.
Sporades jaechi sp. nov. with comments on classification of the New Caledonian genus Sporades Fauvel (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini, Trechodina)
Authors: Liebherr James К.
Published: January 2020

Sporades jaechisp. nov.from Poum, New Caledonia is newly described and shown to be a member of the monophyletic Sporades subgenus Perileptosporades Deuve, 2010.Sporades milleiGiachino andS. schuhiDonabauer are newly recognized as members of the subgenus Perileptosporades, and a key to its species is provided. AlthoughPerileptosporadescan be defined monophyletically relative to the rest of the genus, genitalic variation among species assigned to the nominate subgenus Sporades Fauvel, 1882 leave monophyly of that taxon ambiguously supported. Several morphological characters of long- standing use have been proposed to define the mutual monophyly ofSporadess. l.and its putative adelphotaxon,TrechodesBlackburn, 1901. Increasing knowledge concerning the diversity of male genitalic characters amongSporadesspp. lends support to a recently proposed molecular phylogenetic hypothesis positing thatSporadesevolved from withinTrechodes. The consequences of the alternate phylogenetic hypotheses on their attendant nomenclature are discussed. An additional locality record forS. sexpunctatusFauvel expands the known distribution of this species to include most of Grande Terre, New Caledonia.
Moodle-Based Learning: Motivating and Demotivating Factors
Authors: Aikina Tatiana Yurievna , Bolsunovskaya Liudmila Mikhailovna
Published: January 2020

Over the past 10 years, a lot of universities worldwide have designed different online courses available to their students. The emergence of online courses makes Higher Education a more flexible and elastic concept. The present paper documents a qualitative study that examines motivating and demotivating factors in using Moodle for English language learning in higher schools. The survey encompasses data collected from 137 students and 20 teachers in a higher technical school (Russia) with a focus on students’ and teachers’ perception of Moodle-based learning. Analysis of the obtained data reveals a set of factors concerning pedagogical, technical, management approaches towards Moodle implementation. The results suggest further development of positive experiences and minimizing demotivating factors in online learning environment.
A Labyrinth Game for Blind Children Using Problem Solving Learning Model
Authors: Riza Lala Septem , Sawiji Tyas , Nurjanah Nurjanah , Haviluddin Haviluddin , Budiman Edy , Rosales-Pérez Alejandro
Published: January 2020

This research aims to design the concept of learning media for the blind student and apply it to labyrinth game using problem-solving learning model. To design this media, 21 blind child characteristics, learning model, lesson plan and story concept of the game have been considered. After developing the proposed learn-ing media, some experiments on blind students are conducted. Then, the results of the experiments are processed and analyzed based on qualitative method. They shows that scores, perspectives, and focus of users are good. It means that the proposed learning media provides a positive impact on the blind child. Moreover, guidance and direction to students are the important things that have to do when the media is applied.
Motivating Medical Students Using Virtual Reality Based Education
Authors: Sattar Mian Usman , Palaniappan Sellappan , Lokman Asiah , Shah Nauman , Khalid Usman , Hasan Raza
Published: January 2020

An exploratory study to compare the effects of immersive virtual reality based training on the learning motivation of final year medical students as compared to video and text-based learning. Different modes of delivery of a training simulation of laparoscopy operation were presented to students and learning motivation corresponding to which were evaluated using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory. The study was conducted from September 2018 to May 2019. Undergraduate medical students from 8 medical colleges and universities across Punjab, Pakistan participated in this study. A total of 87 students with a mean age of 22.5 ± 4 years were recruited for the study. Of these, 57.4% (n = 50) were males and 42.6% (n = 37) were females. Paired sampled t-test was chosen for the statistical investigation for the study. The tests were conducted by comparing means of text, video, and virtual reality learning methodologies in medical students. All executed statistical models are having significance value P=.000. Therefore, results are generalizable and can be implemented across the population. Medical student motivation was observed to be the greatest in Virtual Reality settings as compared to video-based and text-based learning settings. Both theoretical and practical studies have importance in medical studies, whereas practical hand-on-practice can enhance medical students’ professional proficiency. Virtual reality was at the top in User experience, perceived competence, usefulness, and motivation for final year medical students. It can play a signficant role in contemporary teaching and learning methodology with medical educationist and students can get benefit from this technology.
Integrating Educational Technologies to Augment Learners' Academic Achievements
Authors: Jaiswal Preeti
Published: January 2020

Considering the manner in which technology is proliferating in all spheres of life, it is becoming pivotal to use Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching and learning process, in today’s information age classrooms, by implementing digital learning tools. The purpose of this study is to determine the consequences of technological implementation on students’ academic achievements, in higher education. A mixed method, qualitative and quantitative, was used to collect data. A total of 40 students studying the course entitled English for Business in Department of English Language & Literature, College of Arts, during the academic year 2017-18 at University of Bahrain participated in this study. The findings obtained from the quantitative evaluation and qualitative dimensions of the study revealed that the course educators and students had a positive attitude towards the use of educational technologies as it impacted students’ performances positively.
Some Types of Ideals in QI-Algebras
Authors: Bandaru Ravikumar
Published: January 2020

In this chapter, ideals of QI-algebra are considered. Given a subset of a right distributive QI-algebra, the smallest ideal containing it is constructed. Also, the notions of implicative ideal, fantastic ideal, and normal ideal in a right distributive QI-algebra are introduced, and the authors proved that these notions are equivalent.
Regular and Intra-Regular Neutrosophic Left Almost Semihypergroups
Authors: Gulistan Muhammad , Ullah Rashid
Published: January 2020

In this chapter, the authors characterized regular and intra-regular neutrosophic LA-semihypergroups by giving some examples with different neutrosophic identities and prove a various important result about it with the help of different neutrosophic identities. The aim in this chapter is to characterize the idea of regular and intra-regular neutrosophic LA-semihypergroups, (weakly, strongly, completely) regular neutrosophic LA-semihypergroups using neutrosophuic sets. They also define different substructures of regular neutrosophic LA-semihypergroup namely (weakly, left, right, strongly, completely) regular neutrosophic LA-semihypergroup with some basic results. Further, invertible neutrosophic LA-semihypergroup are also define in the last.
Success Factors in the Pedagogical Management of the English Language Teaching Managers
Authors: Londoño Mayra Alejandra Vargas
Published: January 2020

In the globalized world, the English language has become the international language, and it is used not only to communicate, but also to share research information and to connect the different countries around the world. In countries like Colombia and Mexico, there is still a low level of English language proficiency, so these countries have developed strategies to work on developing this level and at the same time develop the economy of the countries through their citizens. The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the success factors in the pedagogical management of the teaching of the English language found in two language centers belonging to two higher education institutions in Colombia and Mexico.
Socioeconomic Development in Balochistan
Authors: Erum Naveeda , Saeed Naima , Rehman Tansif Ur
Published: January 2020

Balochistan has witnessed rapid social change since the 1970s. These changes were augmented by the national and international political situation. The traditional, tribal, and largely pastoral nomadic society of Balochistan gradually transformed into a modernizing agrarian society. On 1st July 1970, when ‘One Unit' was dissolved, Balochistan gained the status of a province and the bureaucratic expansion required educated work force. Thus, the Government of Pakistan expanded educational facilities in Balochistan, but this expansion continued at a very slow pace. Unfortunately, Balochistan is still the most backward province in terms of socioeconomic development in Pakistan. Though, it is the largest province in Pakistan, almost 44% of Pakistan's total area. It also possesses one of the largest blocks of juniper forests in the world. Along with it, Balochistan is rich in biodiversity and possess natural resources in abundance, like copper, gold, lead, zinc, iron, coal, and marble. This article focuses on the various factors affecting the socioeconomic development in Balochistan.
Understanding Organizational Innovativeness
Authors: Banerjee Sayan
Published: January 2020

This scholastic work is a comprehensive literature review about structure culture and innovation incorporating ideas and enumerating the growing importance of the right context in which these factors should work cohesively to bring in the required changes in the organisation. This is an added emphasis on culture as a pivot which enables an organisation to become innovative and entrepreneurial.
Less influence of body mass index on bone mineral density of radius as compared to proximal femur: Possible role in the diagnosis of osteoporosis
Authors: Asli Isa , Sheikhnezami Mahsa , Qutbi Mohsen , Farsad Faraneh , Asli Sadaf , Ranji Shahla , Karami Maryam
Published: January 2020

It has been shown that body mass index (BMI) and obesity may affect the mineral density of bones, regionally on weight-bearing bones or systemically through hormones and cytokines. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of BMI on bone mineral density (BMD) of the radius. In this cross-sectional study, 260 patients, 233 postmenopausal women and 27 men over 50, were included who underwent a bone densitometry scanning using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry after obtaining an informed consent. The scanning was performed in three areas (i.e., spine, proximal femur, and radius), then densitometric data (BMD, T- and Z-score) were extracted. Regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of independent variables of age, gender, and BMI on the BMD of the above regions. By grouping the patients in two categories (BMI <25 as normal or underweight and BMI >25 as overweight and obese), the discordance in the diagnosis following the inclusion of radius into interpretation (diagnosis based on 2 vs. 3 areas), was assessed by an agreement test. The study is approved by the ethics committee of the university. Of 260 participants in the present study, mean and standard deviation for age were 61.48 ± 8.95 for all patients, 65.81 ± 10.59 for male and 60.98 ± 8.62 for women. An increasing effect of BMI was found to be statistically significant in weight-bearing areas (total femur and femoral neck) and BMI increase was not associated with increased BMD of radius. An agreement test between two diagnoses is used that showed a discordance of 28.5% in diagnosis (diagnosis based on 2 vs. 3 areas) with a kappa coefficient of 0.547 (P = 0.001). In total, 25.4% was minor discordance and 3.1% was major discordance. Based on the results of this study, it is concluded that the BMI is not associated with increased BMD in bones that are not weight bearing, such as radius. Therefore, it may be preferred to include the densitometric data of radius into the diagnosis.
Acylindrical actions on projection complexes
Authors: Bestvina Mladen , Bromberg Kenneth , Fujiwara Koji , Sisto Alessandro
Published: January 2020

We simplify the construction of projection complexes from [BBF2]. To do so, we introduce a sharper version of the Behrstock inequality, and show that it can always be enforced. Furthermore, we use the new setup to prove acylindricity results for the action on the projection complexes.

We also treat quasi-trees of metric spaces associated to projection complexes, and prove an acylindricity criterion in that context as well.
Reciprocity by resultant in $k[t]$
Authors: Clark Pete L. , Pollack Paul
Published: January 2020

Let

k

be a perfect field with procyclic absolute Galois group and containing a primitive

n

-th root of unity. We define a degree

n

power residue symbol

(\frac{a}{b})_n

in the ring

k[t]

, show that it is equal to “the character of the resultant Res

b,a

” and deduce a reciprocity law. We are motivated by commonalities between the classical case

k=\mathbb F_q

and the novel but very simple case

k=\mathbb R

.
Nonhyperbolic Coxeter groups with Menger boundary
Authors: Haulmark Matthew , Hruska G. Christopher , Sathaye Bakul
Published: January 2020

A generic finite presentation defines a word hyperbolic group whose boundary is homeomorphic to the Menger curve. In this article we produce the first known examples of non-hyperbolic CAT(0) groups whose visual boundary is homeomorphic to the Menger curve. The examples in question are the Coxeter groups whose nerve is a complete graph on

n

vertices for

n \geq 5

. The construction depends on a slight extension of Sierpinski’s theorem on embedding 1-dimensional planar compacta into the Sierpinski carpet. We give a simplified proof of this theorem using the Baire category theorem.
دراسة تحليلية لرأس المال الذهني والممارسات المحاسبية وأداء الشركات (دراسة تطبيقية على الشركات السعودية)
Authors: عبدالله ثعيل مشعان العتيبي عبدالله ثعيل مشعان العتيبي
Published: January 2020

يهدف البحث إلى اختبار ومعرفة ما إذا كان المدراء يدركون وبأي طريقة. أن مستوى وشكل رأس المال الذهني داخل الشركة يؤثر على الممارسات المحاسبية وقياس الأداء، والرقابة والتخطيط، وإدارة المخاطر. ويستعرض البحث كذلك ما إذا كانت مثل هذه الشركات أكثر قدرة على الاستجابة للتغيرات الاقتصادية والسوقية المفاجئة وتحقيق أداء أعلى وأفضل نسبيًا في داخل قطاعاتها. وقد اعتمد الباحث علو المنهج الاستقرائي من خلال استقراء الدراسات السابقة ذات الصلة، والمنهج الاستنباطي في تحديد ماهية رأس المال الذى يمثل مصدرا رئيسا للميزة التنافسية للشركة وذلك من خلال دراسة ميدانية أجريت في المملكة العربية السعودية عن طريق استخدام مسح استقصائي في (107) من الشركات الكبيرة مع مستويات متباينة من رأس المال الذهني ومقابلات شخصية منتقاة مع مجموعات فرعية من كل من الهيئات التنفيذية المحاسبية وغير محاسبية. وتقترح نتائج هذا البحث وتوصي ببعض التطوير في الممارسات المحاسبية للشركات السعودية المستثمرة بصورة كبيرة في رأس المال الذهني. هذه النتائج تمت مناقشتها ووضحت أكثر من خلال المقابلات الشخصية التي أجريت في بعض الشركات التي تم تحليلها. قد أظهر البحث أن رأس المال الذهني - إذا كان في صورة معرفة، خبرة، مهارات مهنية، علاقات جيدة أو مقدرة (طاقة) تكنولوجية – هو مصدر رئيسي للميزة التنافسية لدى الشركة. في حين أن الدراسات السابقة سواء على المستوى الدولي أو على مستوى التطبيقي في المملكة العربية السعودية، قد وجهت قدر ملحوظ من الاهتمام الخاص بالتقييم، القياس وتسجيل رأس المال الذهني لأغراض التقارير الخارجية، ومن ثم فإن هذه الدراسات السابقة قد وجهت اهتمام أقل بكثير بشأن مضمون رأس المال الذهني الخاص بممارسات المحاسبة الداخلية. لذا فإن البحث قد وجه لمعالجة واستكمال هذا النقص في الاهتمام.
Potentials for Public Private Partnerships for Saudi
Municipalities
Authors: Waleed Abdullah Abdulaal Waleed Abdullah Abdulaal
Published: January 2020

Public Private Partnership (PPP) provides an approach for
improving the efficiency of public services. Municipalities in Saudi
Arabia are encouraged to get into arrangements with the private sector
to improve their service delivery. However, existing practices in
municipal services are confined to outsourcing and no attempt has
been made towards PPP. This paper aims at examining the potentials
for PPP in providing municipal services. The paper starts by
reviewing a theoretical background to establish a general framework
for PPP. Hence, the decision of municipalities to partner with a private
stakeholder is a key resolution to municipalities; the paper defines the
circumstances that make it a feasible decision to test their applicability
to Saudi municipalities. Particular referencing is given to Jeddah city
due to difficulties in getting data on municipal services in general
which can be overcome by personal knowledge and experience. In this
case, author’s knowledge about the city of Jeddah gathered from his
post as a Deputy Mayor provides a descriptive source for the research
which follows an explorative approach. The main findings of the
paper include that most municipal services suffer from inadequate
resources and that they are dominated by a low quality of delivery.
Municipalities are therefore recommended to prepare a strategic
framework that considers PPP to improve their services. However,
PPP may not be a good alternative for all services; rather it can be a
potential recourse for improving public work projects currently run
through conventional procurement.
مؤسسات التصميم الهندسي المعماري في المملكة العربية السعودية: التخطيط الاستراتيجي وكفاءة ممارسة المهنة
Authors: عدنان عباس عدس عدنان عباس عدس
Published: January 2020

مع انضمام المملكة العربية السعودية لنظام التجارة العالمية سيكون لذلك تأثير على المؤسسات العاملة في السوق المحلي بما فيها المؤسسات التي تقدم الخدمات الاستشارية الهندسية وبالأخص المعمارية منها. ولتكون هذه المؤسسات قادرة على التنافس في ممارسة المهنة المعمارية، وبجانب أمور أخرى يلزمها أن تعتمد منهج التخطيط الاستراتيجي في تفهم أوضاع السوق وبيئة العمل الداخلية والخارجية. بالإضافة إلى ذلك أن العمل بأسس التخطيط الاستراتيجي سيؤدي إلى رفع كفاءة أداء المؤسسات المعمارية ويؤهلها لخوض الصراع على البقاء وبصورة أفضل. يناقش هذا البحث باختصار أنموذج نظري يوضح مراحل عملية التخطيط الاستراتيجي. بعد ذلك تناقش الورقة عملية التخطيط الاستراتيجي من منظور مؤسسات تقديم الخدمات الاستشارية المعمارية، ومن خلال دراسة أجريت على مؤسسات تقديم الخدمات الاستشارية المعمارية في المملكة العربية السعودية تقوم الورقة بإعطاء نظرة سريعة لوضع المؤسسات التي تقدم الخدمات الاستشارية المعمارية في السوق السعودي فيما يتعلق بتطبيق بعض المبادئ الأساسية والاعتماد على عملية التخطيط الاستراتيجي لقيادة سفينة المؤسسة إلى بر الأمان. قامت الدراسة بتقييم مستوى قوة ثقافة المؤسسة باستخدام طريقة مالوني والجهود المبذولة للتحسين المستمر والتركيز على جودة الخدمة وتوطيدها داخل هذه المؤسسات. قيمت الدراسة مدى استخدام إدارة هذه المؤسسات للتخطيط الاستراتيجي وطرق تحليل نقاط القوة والضعف والفرص المتاحة والتهديدات (SWOT) الموجودة في البيئة التنافسية لهذه المؤسسات، كما قامت الدراسة بقياس جودة الخدمة المقدمة من قبل هذه المؤسسات والجهد المبذول في تحقيق إرضاء العميل باستخدام طريقة الأنموذج (SERVQUAL). في الجزء الأخير يخلص البحث إلى توصيات أساسية وبدائل استراتيجية لمؤسسات الخدمات الاستشارية المعمارية المحلية توفر لهم إمكانية المساهمة الفاعلة في المشاريع في ظل نظام التجارة العالمية.
تأهيل الأحياء السكنية بالمناطق القديمة ودوره في تيسر الإسكان: بعض الحالات الدراسية من ليبيا والمملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: سليمان محمد الفورتية سليمان محمد الفورتية
Published: January 2020

تعاني المناطق السكنية بالأحياء القديمة في المدن من مشكلة التقادم في العمر وعدم القدرة على مواكبة التطور المتسارع في القطاعات الخدمية والمرافق، مما يدفع بجزء من سكانها إلى تركها والبحث عن بدائل لإسكانهم في مناطق ومدن حديثة أكثر ملاءمة وحيوية، فتتحول تلك المناطق إلى ما يسمى بالمناطق المتداعية بكل ما تحتويه من مشكلات اجتماعية وأمنية واقتصادية وصحية وبيئية تؤرق الدولة والأفراد، وكلما تركت تلك الظاهرة بدون علاج تفاقمت وزادت تكلفة التعامل معها، لذا تهدف هذه الورقة البحثية إلى توجيه النظر إلى حل مبتكر للتعامل مع قضية تيسر الإسكان من خلال تبني استراتيجية لتأهيل المناطق السكنية القديمة بالمدن، فان أخذ في الاعتبار أن الاستخدامات السكنية القديمة بالمدن تبلغ ما يقارب من 60? من حجم النطاق العمراني لتلك المدن، وتعد الثروة السكنية بالمناطق القديمة بالمدن من الممتلكات العقارية والحضارية الهامة إذا ما قورنت بحجم المشروعات الإسكانية التي تطور حديتا، لدلك فان الحفاظ على تلك الثروة السكنية يساهم ليس فقط في تثبت وتقوية الترابط الاجتماعي بين أهل تلك المنطقة، ولكنه أيضا يقلل من الضغط على ميزانيات الفرد والدولة في توفير الإسكان، فضلا عن حله للمشكلات العديدة الأخرى التي تنشأ في المناطق المتداعية. يعتمد البحث في جمع المعلومات على أساليب مكتبية تتضمن مراجعة للبحوث والدراسات السابقة، كما يستخدم أيضا أساليب ميدانية متعددة تشمل المسح الفوتوغرافي والمقابلات الشخصية للسكان في المواقع المدروسة.ولتحقيق الهدف من الدراسة يشمل البحث جزئن رئيسيين: (1) خلفية نظرية تتضمن استعراض لأهم المفاهيم والمفردات النظرية العالمية والمحلية التي تخدم موضوع البحث، و(2) دراسة ميدانية لعدد ثلاث تجارب من تأهيل الأحياء السكنية بالمناطق القديمة بمدينة طرابلس وغدامس بليبيا ومنطقة الأحساء بالمنطقة الشرقية بالمملكة العربية السعودية، وينتهى البحث بخلاصة عامة وتوصيات.
الخصائص البيئة والبصرية وحركية الأنواع النباتية التزيينية المزروعة والمستخدمة في مشاريع عمارة البيئة في غرب المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: عبدالله محمد فريد غزال عبدالله محمد فريد غزال
Published: January 2020

. تشكل الأنواع النباتية التزينية المستخدمة في عمارة البيئة أحد الأدوات المهمة في تشكيل الفراغات في الأوساط العمرانية والتحكم بها وتحسين خصائصها البيئة والجمال. إن المعرفة المعمقة بهذه الأنواع النباتية وتحديد خصائصها البيئية والبصرية يعد عاملاً مهماً يساعد المصممين النباتيين في عمارة البيئة للوصول إلى مستوى عالٍ من الاحترافية. ومن ناحية أخرى فإن حصر الأنواع النباتية التزيينية المزروعة يساهم في استكشاف مصادر التنوع الوراثي النباتي المزروع والذي يعد مهماً للعاملين في مجال البستنة والزراعة والنبات وغيرهم من الاختصاصين. ويضيف المزيد من المعرفة عن العلاقة بين النبات والإنسان.خلال السنوات الأربعة الماضية من (2008-2011) تم إجراء مسح ميداني عن الأنواع التزيينية المستخدمة في مشاريع عمارة البيئة الخاصة والحكومية في منطقة مكة المكرمة (غرب المملكة العربية السعودية). تم خلال البحث تسجل 360 نوع نباتي تتبع 73 فصيلة نباتية، وجرى توثيقها تصنيفياً وتحديد خصائصها الببيئة والبصرية والزراعية من خلال المراقبة الحقلية لمواقع زراعتها. عرضت النتائج في جدول نباتي مرتب أبجدياً بحسب الأسماء العلمية للفصائل والأنواع، مع ذكر الاسم العربي الشائع وحجم وطبيعة نمو النبات، وبعضاً من خصائصه الزراعية والبيئية، ووجود الروائح العطرية أو السمية في أجزائه، وطريقة إكثاره، وأصل النوع برياً كان أم مدخلاً، وحركية استخدامه في مشاريع عمارة البيئة. وقد أظهرت النتائج أنه خلال الفترة الماضية جرى التركيز على اختيار بعض الأنواع المدخلة التي حققت نجاحاً مهماً بملائمتها للظروف البيئية السائدة، وإهمال الأنواع البرية ذات القدرة العالية على التأقلم.
مكة المكرمة كمدينة معرفة متفردة: الروحانية الكونية والمدى العالمي والاقتصاد المحلي
Authors: ممدوح صبيحي ممدوح صبيحي
Published: January 2020

تعتبر مدينة مكة المكرمة – والتي تقع في المنطقة الغربية من المملكة العربية السعودية- مركزاً للعالم الإسلامي. وتحاول هذه الورقة البحثية التحقق من الإمكانات الروحانية لمدينة مكة المكرمة والتي تؤهلها لأن تصبح مدينة معرفة متفردة، على أساس دعم فرص تنمية الإقتصاد المحلي من خلال التوظيف الأمثل لمداها الروحاني الذي يربطها بالعالم الإسلامي بأسره. وبالتحقق من ذلك، تناقش الورقة البحثية إمكانية إضافة بعد جديد لأبعاد تنمية وتطوير عمران المدينة. ولتدعيم القاعدة النظرية التي ترتكز عليها مناقشة فرضية الدراسة، تبدأ الورقة البحثية بمناقشة المقومات الروحانية لمدينة مكة المكرمة، ليلي ذلك البحث في إعادة صياغة منظومة رؤوس الأموال الداعمة لأطروحة مدن المعرفة، ليتم مناقشة إضافة ما تم تسميته في الورقة البحثية باسم "رأس المال الروحي"، كحالة خاصة من "رأس مال الهوية". وعقب ذلك يتم مناقشة التوجهات الفكرية الإستراتيجية والتغيرات العمرانية الحتمية التي من شأنها دعم تحول مدينة مكة المكرمة إلى مدينة معرفة متفردة. ولا يتسنى ذلك إلا من خلال تغير نوعي في أسلوب تنمية المدينة من النموذج المعتمد على التطوير العمراني إلى النموذج القائم على المعرفة، من خلال الاستفادة من زخم اللحظات المعرفية المتاحة بالمدينة.
Competition law in Scotland
Authors: Whish Richard
Published: January 2020

The Competition and Markets Authority has recently opened an expanded office in Edinburgh. This article reviews the history of the enforcement of competition law (whether in antitrust, markets or merger control) by the CMA and its predecessors and in the Competition Appeal Tribunal and the Scottish courts. With Brexit, calls for increased devolution in competition law and a possible second referendum on Scottish independence, there will be further changes in the enforcement of competition law in Scotland, with the future likely to see more, rather than less, competition law enforcement there than has been the case to date.
Artificial intelligence, algorithms and antitrust
Authors: Rab Suzanne
Published: January 2020

The field of artificial intelligence or ‘AI’ has been reshaping virtually every industry built on the idea that machines could be used to simulate human intelligence through so-called ‘machine learning’. Antitrust interest in this topic has been generated among regulators, policy-makers, academics and business in the EU and internationally. This article explores the extent to which AI may raise competition or other concerns for consumer welfare and whether existing legal and policy instruments are appropriate to deal with the emerging opportunities and challenges.
Payment services in the EU: price regulation to protect a duopoly
Authors: Siragusa Mario , Dolmans Maurits , Subiotto Romano F. , Gilbert Paul , Messent John
Published: January 2020

The EU Interchange Fee Regulation (‘IFR’) introduced price caps on the fees paid between banks in respect of credit and debit card payments. The Second Payment Services Directive (‘PSD2’) forces some payment schemes to open up their networks to any banks that want to use them. These rules, together with a wealth of related and ancillary provisions, are the legislative fallout from a series of antitrust investigations into Visa and Mastercard. But the rules are not limited to Visa and Mastercard, nor are they limited to schemes that operate in the same way as Visa and Mastercard. They extend to payment schemes with no interchange fees at all and with tiny market shares. One argument made for including all schemes within the scope of the rules was to create a level playing field for competition. Instead, regulation that was initially aimed at Visa and Mastercard has created high entry barriers and hamstrung the only realistic challengers to these four-party schemes. If rival schemes are unable to offer customers or merchants something different, all payment services will become commoditised. Without meaningful rivals, the duopoly of Visa and Mastercard will become more entrenched and customers will see a reduction in choice and innovation. The unintended consequence of the IFR and PSD2 could be to reduce competition in the market, the very thing they were originally designed to address.
Archaeological anastylosis of two Macedonian tombs in a 3D virtual environment
Authors: Stampouloglou Maria , Toska Olympia , Tapinaki Sevi , Kontogianni Georgia , Skamantzari Margarita , Georgopoulos Andreas
Published: January 2020

Archaeological restoration of monuments is a practice requiring extreme caution and thorough study. Archaeologists and conservation experts are very reluctant to proceed to restoration and indeed to reconstruction actions without detailed consultation and thought. Nowadays, anastylosis executed on the real object is practically prohibited. Contemporary technologies have provided archaeologists and other conservation experts with the tools to embark on virtual restorations or anastyloses, thus testing various alternatives without physical intervention on the monument itself. In this way, the values of the monuments are respected according to international conventions. In this paper, two such examples of virtual archaeological anastyloses of two important Macedonian tombs in northern Greece are presented. The anastyloses were performed on three-dimensional (3D) models which have been produced using modern digital 3D documentation techniques, such as image-based modelling and terrestrial laser scanning. The reader is introduced to the history and importance –as well as the peculiarities– of the Macedonian tombs. In addition, the two tombs are described in detail mainly from an archaeological point of view The process of field data acquisition and processing to produce the 3D models are described. Simple and more or less standard methods were employed in acquiring the raw data. Processing was carried out using commercial software. The resulting 3D models and other documentation products are assessed for their accuracy and completeness. The decisions for the virtual anastylosis are explained in detail and the actual process is also described. The restored monuments are presented and evaluated by the conservation experts. Thus, it is shown how important virtual anastylosis of monuments is to archaeological researchers, as it enables them to conduct in-depth studies, without actually tampering with the monuments themselves. Digital 3D models are contributing to many disciplines, especially in archaeology, as they enable a wider audience to easily access both archaeological and geometric information as well as offering a high degree of interaction possibilities.
Short-term Outcome Analysis of Proximal Fibular Osteotomy in Management of Osteoarthritis Knee
Authors: Gopi Thambusamy , Thirunarayanan Vasudevan , Manimaran Karthikeya P , Cheralathan Senguttuvan
Published: January 2020

Aim

Proximal fibular osteotomy (PFO) for osteoarthritis (OA) knee is an emerging concept with good early results. This short-term study aimed to analyze the usefulness of PFO in Indian patients with OA knee with regard to pain relief and correction of deformity.

Materials and methods

This study involves a surgical technique where 2 cm of proximal fibular bone is resected, and patient is permitted full-weight-bearing walking as early as possible. Subjective and objective outcome analyses done using Lysholm knee scoring sheet and radiographs, respectively. Minimum follow-up time was 6 months.

Results

We had a of total of 20 knees in 18 patients, with average age of 56.1 years. The average visual analog score reduced by 6.8 points, and the average Lysholm knee score improved by an average of 34 points at the end of follow-up. The mean alpha angle correction achieved was 3.738°. The calculation of Pearson's correlation coefficient between the amount of correction of alpha angle and reduction of visual analog scale during the immediate postoperative period was −0.186. Among the 20 knees, we had four cases of weakness of extensor hallucis longus.

Conclusion

Through our short-term prospective cohort study, we conclude that PFO helps in improvement of pain and function, in patients suffering from medial compartment OA knee. The effectiveness of proximal tibiofibular joint mechanism in immediate pain relief is evident in our study by subjective and objective means. A proper selection of case with regard to severity and duration of disease and patellofemoral involvement is vital in getting good results.

Clinical significance

Proximal fibular osteotomy is an emerging concept in the management of OA of knee and gives the patient, more years, with native knee to walk.

How to cite this article

Gopi T, Thirunarayanan V, Manimaran KP, et al. Short-term Outcome Analysis of Proximal Fibular Osteotomy in Management of Osteoarthritis Knee. J Orth Joint Surg 2019;1(1):5–10.
Evaluating Personality Traits as a Predictor of Undergraduate Goal Setting
Authors: Lamm Kevan W. , Sheikh Emana , Edgar Don
Published: January 2020

Although the importance of goal setting for students is well established in the literature and the utility of personality as reliable antecedents of different outcomes is similarly well established, there are a limited number of studies that analyze the relationship between these two sets of variables, particularly within learning environments. The current study is intended to contribute to this area by analyzing goal setting and personality in undergraduate students enrolled in a leadership development course. Incorporating differences among individuals, which includes differences in personality to predict goal setting, will aid educators in recognizing links between persons of similar, or differing, personalities. The results of the study indicate that of the Big Five personality factors (Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Emotional Stability), the factors of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness were related to student project level and class level goals. However, when regressed simultaneously, only Agreeableness was a statistically significant predictor of goals.
International Agricultural Education from 1975 to Present: A Research Synthesis
Authors: Wright Kendall M. , Vincent Stacy K. , Epps Rebekah B.
Published: January 2020

With the increasing interdependence of international agriculture, agricultural education has, and will, continue to play a significant role in the success of all nations’ agriculture. The purpose of this research synthesis was to examine the literature on international agricultural education since 1975 to identify major research themes and determine if the transformative learning process is present. Inclusion criteria for this synthesis included a) publish date after 1975 in a peer- reviewed journal, b) address international agricultural education, c) demonstrate at least one stage of transformative learning, and d) be identified through search strategies. Seventy-one articles were identified. Themes in current research included studies on education abroad, explorations of other nations’ agricultural education systems, globalization of American curriculum, and extension efforts abroad. The most common stage of transformative learning present in articles was the critical assessment of assumptions. Recommendations include further research on the impact of international experiences on secondary agriculture teachers and to increase the use of the transformative learning theory (Mezirow, 1991) as a theoretical lens in international agricultural education research.
A 10-year climatology of globally distributed ice cloud properties inferred from the CALIPSO observations
Authors: Pan Honglin , Yang Xinghua , Kumar Kanike Raghavendra , Mamtimin Ali , Wang Minzhong , Zhou Chenglong , Yang Fan , Hou Wen , Li Chaofan , Zhang Jiantao , Meng Lu
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The present study analyzes the climatology of spatiotemporal and vertical distribution characteristics of ice clouds, including the ice cloud fraction (ICF), ice water content (IWC), and ice cloud optical depth (ICOD) for three ice cloud categories (sub-visual, thin, and opaque). Newly released level 3 ice cloud data observed from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) instrument is used for the period 2007–2016. The results revealed that the global means of ICF and IWC were found to be ~ 10 % and ~ 0.0017 g/m3, respectively. On the other hand, the latitude-and-altitude mean distributions of ICF and IWC were found unimodal in all the seasons. During summer, the peak in the ice cloud formation occurred over the equatorial region of the northern hemisphere (NH) which extended further to higher altitudes over the NH equator than the southern hemisphere (SH). However, the opposite was observed in the cold season. This is mainly related to the strong convective activities in tropical areas, variation in the distribution of land and ocean between NH and SH, and the seasonal migration of the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ). Furthermore, the ice clouds detected during the nighttime in summer occurred at high frequency over the SH high-latitude regions, owing to the polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). The occurrence of sub-visual ice clouds (ICOD
Seasonal stratospheric ozone trends over 2000–2018 derived from several merged data sets
Authors: Szeląg Monika E. , Sofieva Viktoria F. , Degenstein Doug , Roth Chris , Davis Sean , Froidevaux Lucien
Published: January 2020

Abstract. In this work, we analyse the seasonal dependence of ozone trends in the stratosphere using four long-term merged datasets: SAGE-CCI-OMPS, SAGE-OSIRIS-OMPS, GOZCARDS and SWOOSH which provide more than 30 years of monthly zonal mean ozone profiles in the stratosphere. We focus here on trends between 2000 and 2018. All datasets show similar results, although some discrepancies are observed. In the upper stratosphere, the trends are positive throughout all seasons and the majority of latitudes. The largest upper stratospheric ozone trends are observed during local winter (up to 6 % dec−1) and equinox (up to 3 % dec−1) at mid-latitudes. In the equatorial region, we find a very strong seasonal dependence of ozone trends at all altitudes: the trends vary from positive to negative, with the sign of transition depending on altitude and season. The trends are negative in the upper stratospheric winter (−1 to −2 % dec−1) and in the lower stratospheric spring (−2 to −4 % dec−1), but positive (2–3 % dec−1) at 30–35 km in spring, while the opposite pattern is observed in summer. The tropical trends below 25 km are negative and maximize during summer (up to −2 % dec−1) and spring (up to −3 % dec−1). In the lower mid-latitude stratosphere, our analysis indicates hemispheric asymmetry: during local summers and equinoxes, positive trends are observed in the South (+1 to +2 % dec−1) while negative trends are observed in the North (−1 to −2 % dec−1). We compare the seasonal dependence of ozone trends with available analyses of the seasonal dependence of stratospheric temperature trends. We find that ozone and temperature trends show positive correlation in the dynamically controlled lower stratosphere, and negative correlation above 30 km, where photochemistry dominates. Seasonal trend analysis gives information beyond that contained in annual mean trends, which can be helpful in order to better understand the role of dynamical variability in short-term trends and future ozone recovery predictions.