Assessing the level of infectious and inflammatory factors in acute ischemic stroke in diabetic and non-diabetic patients
Authors:   Intensive Care Anesthesia Clinic, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oradea, Romania, POP Nicolae Ovidiu ,   Department of Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Romania, BABEȘ Petru Aurel ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Romania, HOLHOȘ Larisa Bianca ,   Department of Morphological Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Romania, GAVRILUȚ Eugenia ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Romania, MEKEREȘ Gabriel Mihai ,   Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Romania, MEKERES-RACOVIȚĂ Mariana ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Romania, NUȚU Cristian Voiță ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Romania, BRONȚ Cristina Gabriela ,   Pelican Hospital, Oradea, Romania
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Stroke is one of the principal leading causes of death globally. In 2005, stroke cause approximate 5.7 million death, 87% of deaths was in low and middle-income countries. Recently period, collecting evidence indicated that inflammation and atherosclerosis play important roles in stroke evolution. Material and method. In this prospective longitudinal observational study including 340 patients with acute ischemic stroke with / without diabetes mellitus we analyzed as main criteria infectious factors, inflammatory factors and biochemical factors. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 101 diabetic patients (study group) and 239 non-diabetic patients (control group), were we analyzed as main criteria infectious factors (cytomegalovirus IgG plasma level, cytomegalovirus IgM plasma level, Helicobacter pylori IgG plasma level), inflammatory factors (leucocyte, C-reactive protein) and biochemical (plasma level of fibrinogen). Results. Cytomegalovirus-IgG levels are lower in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients with an arithmetic mean of 1170 AU/ml (95% CI 862.4169 to 1477.8326) versus 1398 AU/ml (95% CI 1169.6839 to 1627,2042) but this difference, although it exists, is not statistically significant p = 0.123. The cytomegalovirus-IgM level is lower in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients a statistically significant difference, p 0.001. The Helicobacter IgG level is lower in diabetic patients with a mean value of 1.0763 U/ml with a 95% CI from 0.8141 to 1.3386 versus non-diabetics with an average of 1.3943 U/ml with a CI of 95% from 1.1963 to 1.5923, but this difference, although there, is not statistically significant, p = 0.07.The number of leukocytes diagnosed in diabetic patients is lower than that of people without diabetes (p = 0.0001). The level of C-reactive protein at diagnosis of diabetic patients is lower (an average value of 3.0207mg/dl with a 95% CI of 0.9726 to 5.0688) than in people who do not suffer from diabetes (arithmetic mean of 5.8218 mg/dl with a 95% CI of 0.5894 to 11.0542), but this difference is not statistically significant. The serum level of fibrinogen at the diagnosis of diabetic patients is lower, with a mean value of 399.4 mg/dl with a 95% CI of 327.7993 to 471.0749, than that of people without diabetes, with an arithmetic mean of 653.8 mg/dl, with a 95% CI of 497.8700 to 809.8647, the difference being statistically significant, p = 0.041. Conclusions. Inflammatory markers such as leukocyte levels at intake, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen levels showed lower levels at admission in diabetic patients versus non-diabetic patients. There is no statistically significant difference between diabetic vs. non-diabetic patients regarding cytomegalovirus IgG levels, referring to cytomegalovirus IgM level is lower in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients with significant statistically difference. The Helicobacter IgG level is lower in diabetic patients versus non-diabetics patients.