bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sheathless RIRS in the era of slim and single use flexible ureteroscopy (ssFURS): Prospective analysis of clinical outcome
Authors: Abushamma Faris , Abu Alwafa Rola , Zyoud Sa’ed H
Published: September 2024

Introducation:

the purpose is to assess the feasibility of sheathless and time-limited retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) using slim and single use flexible ureteroscopy (ssFURS) in view of the stone-free rate (SFR), complication rate and upfront ureteral stenting.

Methods:

A prospective, cross-sectional study of patients who underwent RIRS for kidney stones between December 2021 and December 2023 at our tertiary urology center was performed. Patient demographics, clinical presentations and stone characteristics were calculated. The SFR and complication rate were included.

Results:

Hundred and eighteen patients were included. The median age was 48 (35.7–60.0) years. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was present in 32 patients (27.1%). The median length of the kidney stones was 1.15 (range [0.4–3.0]), and the median width was 1 (range [0.05–3.7]). The pelvi-ureteric junction (PUJ) represented 75 (63.6%) patients. The lower pole stone (LP) consisted of 27 (22.9%) patients. Thirty-seven (31.4%) of the patients had multiple kidney stones. An overall complete SFR after the first session was observed for 94 (79.7%) patients. The second session of complete SFR was observed in 15 patients (12.7%). A median stone length of 1 (0.8–1.5) cm and a median stone width of 0.95 (0.7–1.3) cm were both significantly associated with a complete SFR after the first session ( p < 0.001). A single kidney stone in 69 (73.4%) patients was significantly more strongly associated with a complete SFR after the first session than was multiple kidney stones in 25 (26.6%) patients ( p = 0.027). Upfront stenting was performed in 74 patients (62.7%). The complete SFR after the first session was significantly greater in patients who underwent upfront stenting (65; 69.1%) than in those who underwent primary ssFURS (29; 30.9%, p = 0.004).

Conclusion:

Sheathless and time-limited RIRS using ssFURS is a feasible and successful procedure with low complication rate.
A general mathematical model for manufacturing Roots pump rotors using conical milling cutters
Authors: Tran Van-Quyet , Wu Yu-Ren
Published: September 2024

The rotors are the key components in the Roots pump, and the rotor manufacture time will decide the pump price. In special cases, such as when one rotor shaft has two stages, respectively, with claw-type and Roots profiles, the traditional forming method is unsuitable for manufacturing the Roots rotor stage. Instead, more suitable manufacturing methods, such as planning or end-mill milling, can be applied. However, these two methods take time and effort. Therefore, this study proposes a general mathematical approach for Roots rotor manufacturing using the conical milling cutter as the key tool, which can reduce manufacturing time. The contact points and meshing angles between the rotor and the conical milling cutter can be calculated based on contact conditions. Then, a 3D conical milling cutter surface is obtained based on the cutter profile as a straight line, and the conical cutter is designed and considered to avoid undercutting in the rotor cutting process. The generated Roots rotor can be obtained by applying cutting simulation from the proposed mathematical model. The normal deviations of the rotor can be found by comparing the generated rotor profile to the datum rotor profile. In addition, the influence of axis errors of the conical milling cutter on the tooth profiles of the Roots pump rotor is investigated and discussed. The experimental results based on the proposed mathematical model are obtained and expressed to confirm the practicability of the proposed method.
Nonlinear free vibration analysis of double-functional gradient carbon nanotube-reinforced conical shells
Authors: Youseftabar Hamed , Hosseinnejad Farhad , Rostamiyan Yasser , Seyyedi Seyyed Masoud , Rabbani Mohsen
Published: September 2024

The present study establishes the nonlinear free vibration analysis of double-functional gradient carbon nanotubes-reinforced (DFG-CNTR) conical shells resting on elastic foundations. Carbon nanotubes are distributed with three different patterns along the thickness of the conical shell. The matrix material of the shell is considered to be a combination of metal and ceramic whose properties change as a power law function along the thickness of the shell. Firstly, the nonlinear dynamic equations of the DFG-CNTR conical shell are derived based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FOSDT) and von Karman’s strain-displacement relations. Then, with the help of the Galerkin discretization method, partial differential equations of the system are converted into time-dependent ordinary differential equations. The homotopy perturbation method is used to solve the nonlinear dynamical equation. Finally, a parametric study is presented to investigate the effects of some parameters of the system, such as the functionally graded material (FGM) power index, volume fraction and distribution pattern of carbon nanotubes, elastic foundations, boundary conditions and the geometric characteristics of the shell on the backbone curves of the DFG-CNTR conical shell.
Oil cities, industrial policy and sustainable development: a new historical approach
Authors: Obeng-Odoom Franklin
Published: September 2024

The notion of “oil cities” is typically considered antithetical to industrialization, growth and development. This paper frames a symposium on Hou Li’s (2021) latest book, Building for Oil, which questions this imbroglio. The book’s central argument is that the oil city of Daqing drove industrialization in China from the 1960s to the 1970s. The industrialization and the self-sufficiency that Daqing symbolized in Chinese socialist economic planning became the template for that particular period of history. While that model was subsequently modified, its developmentalist ideology, its industrial policy and its urban experience – collectively called “the Daqing model” – cannot be overlooked in the analysis of oil cities. In this sense, the book is not simply about Daqing but also about a consequential city that provides lessons – distilled by the six authors in this book symposium.
Testing for a treatment effect in a selected subgroup
Authors: Stallard Nigel
Published: September 2024

There is a growing interest in clinical trials that investigate how patients may respond differently to an experimental treatment depending on the basis of some biomarker measured on a continuous scale, and in particular to identify some threshold value for the biomarker above which a positive treatment effect can be considered to have been demonstrated. This can be statistically challenging when the same data are used both to select the threshold and to test the treatment effect in the subpopulation that it defines. This paper describes a hierarchical testing framework to give familywise type I error rate control in this setting and proposes two specific tests that can be used within this framework. One, a simple test based on the estimated value from a linear regression model with treatment by biomarker interaction, is powerful but can lead to type I error rate inflation if the assumptions of the linear model are not met. The other is more robust to these assumptions, but can be slightly less powerful when the assumptions hold.
Improving access to cervical cancer screening: The impact of a Saturday pap smear clinic
Authors: Strelow Brittany , Stevens Joy , Fink Stephanie , Cole Kristin , O’Laughlin Danielle
Published: September 2024

Introduction

The implementation of cervical cancer screening and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has significantly reduced cervical cancer rates. However, it remains the fourth most common cancer among women globally. Barriers to screening include personal, health system, and insurance factors.

Methods

To address these barriers, a “Saturday Pap smear Clinic” was established to increase accessibility. The study included female patients aged 21 to 65 from Southeast Minnesota, USA, who attended the clinic from September 2021 to April 2023.

Results

A total of 357 women attended the Saturday clinic, with a median age of 44 years; 70.6% were White. Abnormal Pap smear results were found in 13.8% of attendees, with 7.8% testing positive for HPV. Additional health maintenance was addressed. The majority of patients had a physician primary care provider (58.3%), followed by residents (26.3%), and nurse practitioner/physician associates (15.4%).

Discussion

The clinic demonstrated a high fill rate of 86.15%, indicating demand for non-traditional appointment times. Despite this, disparities in access were noted, with primarily White and English-speaking women utilizing the clinic. The clinic showed improved outcomes compared to national screening rates, highlighting the importance of timely preventative care.
Do National Nutrition Policies Relevant to Sri Lankan Adolescents Effectively Uplift Their Development and Well-Being? A Qualitative Study
Authors: Pallewaththa Prabhath , Kandegedara Prabuddhika , Wickramasinghe Ruvini , Humpita Pathirannehelage Geethani , Heiyanthuduwage Shanika , Prakash Supun , Manfra Louis
Published: September 2024

Adolescence is a crucial phase of growth and development in the life course, and healthy nutrition is essential during this period. The objective of this study was to explore the perceptions regarding the implementation of relevant nutrition policies for adolescents in Sri Lanka. The study is qualitative, employing a “phenomenology” approach. The study was conducted in the central province of Sri Lanka, with participants including adolescents (n = 18), public health inspectors (n = 3), parents (n = 12), canteen owners (n = 3), schoolteachers (n = 3), and principals (n = 3). Data were collected through interviews and analyzed using the framework analysis method. Results indicated that adolescents’ awareness of relevant policy statements is poor. Implementing nutrition policies related to adolescents in school settings and at the community level remains insufficient. In conclusion, future research should further evaluate the overall implementation of nutrition policies directed at adolescents. This will help policymakers to enhance and improve relevant policy guidelines.
The Uniforms of Police Emergency Response Team's: A Research Note
Authors: Towns Zachary , Ricciardelli Rosemary , Cyr Kevin
Published: September 2024

The primary role of Canadian emergency response teams (ERTs) is responding to dangerous, violent, and high-risk calls for service (CFS) as a patrol support unit. To unpack how ERTs are deployed in Canada, most often to support frontline patrol beyond full team deployments, in the current study we rely on survey data from n = 35 critical incident commanders from across Canada and highlight the variations in ERT uniforms when supporting patrol. Jenkins et al. suggested ERTs are used during CFS that are beyond the capabilities of patrol to resolve optimally or deployed to calls that lack patrol resources. In policing generally, the police uniform is central for recognizing the police, symbolizes membership to an organization, and provides officers with the clothing necessary to perform their duties safely. Existing research suggests the color of police uniforms can affect citizens’ perceptions of the police organization generally, and the individual officer specifically. Yet, little empirical research exists to reveal variations in ERT uniforms and why police services rely on their ERTs to assist patrol beyond full team deployments.
The Eucharist and Primacy in the Thought of J.-M. R. Tillard
Authors: DeClue Richard G.
Published: September 2024

In recent decades, eucharistic ecclesiology has helped advance ecumenical relations, especially between the Catholic and Orthodox Churches. Hence, there is hope that a eucharistic understanding of the Church can help overcome remaining divisions between these two Churches. Universal primacy remains one of the most disputed issues in ecumenical dialogue. Approaching universal primacy from a eucharistic perspective may prove invaluable for resolving ecumenical conflict. Accordingly, this paper seeks to contribute to a eucharistic understanding of universal primacy through a study of the thought of J.-M. R. Tillard, a Catholic theologian and ecumenist, who wrote extensively on the Eucharist, ecclesiology, and primacy.
Exploring Societal Culture and Preferred Leader Behavior in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Kožo Amra , Janković Aleksandar , Rahimić Zijada
Published: September 2024

This study explores relationships between societal culture value dimensions and preferred leader behavior in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH). It is one of the first studies that provide an overview of the dimension of Monumentalism in BIH and bring together all seven cultural dimensions, thus contributing to their overall understanding. Data in two observed regions (region Bosnia, region Herzegovina) have not yielded significant differences in preferred leader behavior across regions, and regarding cultural dimensions, significant differences among regions were found only for Individualism and Masculinity, implicating relatively homogenous culture in BIH. While Power Distance has no significant correlations with any of the preferred leadership behaviors, significant correlations were found for other cultural dimensions. The study’s results contribute to a deeper understanding among leaders and employees and enhance managerial effectiveness.
Where West Meets East: Culture and Preferred Leader Behavior in Poland A and Poland B
Authors: Szymanski Mike , Wilczewski Michał
Published: September 2024

Geographically and politically, Poland is a Central European country traditionally divided into two regions located to the west and east of the Vistula River. This division has come to be known as Poland A and Poland B. Despite ongoing debates over the past decade regarding the political and economic disparities between these regions, there has been a notable absence of research exploring their cultural distinctions. To address this gap, this study analyzed the cultural variances between these regions, as well as differences in preferred leadership behaviors among individuals born before and after the transition year of 1989. Through multivariate analyses of variances (MANOVA) tests conducted on a sample of 266 respondents, our research unveiled significant differences in several cultural dimensions and leadership styles, partially confirming our initial hypotheses. We discuss these findings in the context of existing research on Polish culture within cross-cultural and international business literature.
Culture and Preferred Leadership Behaviors: A Cross-Cultural Exploration of Slavic Nations
Authors: Kožo Amra , Bulog Ivana , Wilczewski Michał , Misoska Ana Tomovska , Honsová Pavlína , Mileva Ivona
Published: September 2024

This study examines the relationships between societal cultures and preferred leadership behaviors across seven Slavic nations: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, the Czech Republic, North Macedonia, Poland, Russia (in two regions), and Serbia. The results depict variations in the associations between cultural dimensions and leadership behaviors within the Slavic context, revealing both consistent patterns and intriguing differences across countries, underscoring their cultural diversity. The obtained results contribute to the field of cross-cultural leadership and provide deeper insights into leadership dynamics within Central and Eastern European countries.
Czech Leadership Culture: Determinants of Preferred Leader Behaviour
Authors: Pauknerová Daniela , Lorencová Hana , Půbalová Kateřina
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the leadership culture within the Czech Republic, using a survey of 389 participants to examine factors that influence leader behavior preferences. The study addresses the gap in specific research on Czech leadership, seeking to reveal employee preferences in leadership behaviors and how these may be connected to national cultural values. It tests hypotheses related to the influence of culture, region, age, gender, education, and organizational type on preferred leadership behaviors. Findings indicate notable regional differences in leadership preferences, with more subtle variations observed across gender, educational background, and types of organizations.
A Comparison of Preferred Leader Behaviors in Slavic Countries: Three Tribes and Seven Nations
Authors: Ljubica Jasenko , Rahimić Zijada , Szymanski Michal , Lorencová Hana , Čalopa Marina Klačmer
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine and compare the employee preferences for explicit leader behaviors within and across seven Slavic countries, belonging to three Slavic tribes. Our analyses of data obtained from 2542 participants revealed several patterns of similarities in volume and distribution as well as magnitude and structure of these preferences between and within the participating nations, their regions and tribes. The differences, however, are inconsistent. We contribute to the “Black Box” of cross-cultural leadership literature and hope to stimulate further research demystifying and facilitating leadership research and practice in these astonishing nations.
Fractional logarithmic Chebyshev cardinal functions: Application for Caputo–Hadamard fractional optimal control problems
Authors: Karami Shahrbanoo , Heydari Mohammad Hossein , Baleanu Dumitru
Published: September 2024

This study investigates a specific type of fractional optimization problems, subject to a dynamical system including the Caputo–Hadamard fractional differentiation. In this way, a novel class of basis functions known as the fractional logarithmic Chebyshev cardinal functions is introduced. An operational matrix regarding the Hadamard fractional integral of these fractional functions is derived and employed to develop an efficient numerical method for the provided problem. The established algorithm converts the solution of the primary fractional optimization problem into the solution of an algebraic system of equations by representing the state and control variables via the introduced fractional functions. Two test problems are considered to confirm the effectiveness of the suggested method. The derived outcomes of solving these examples highlight the satisfactory accuracy and efficiency of the designed method.
Distributed deadband event-triggered observer-based containment control for unmanned surface vehicles with channel fading
Authors: Liu Lin , Hao Yong , Li YueMing , Huang Bing
Published: September 2024

This article investigates the distributed deadband event-triggered containment control problem for multiple underactuated surface vehicles (USV) systems whose communication networks are subject to channel fading. The first distributed deadband event-triggered observer (DDETO) was proposed to observe the target positions of the followers in the convex hulls formed by the leaders. It also manages the internal communication between the followers in the presence of channel fading. In addition, the deadband event-triggered mechanism (DETM) in DDETO guarantees a strictly positive minimum inter-event times (MIET), which can be accurately calculated and adjusted according to the design parameters. Afterward, an adaptive controller is designed by backstepping based on the desired position information observed by DDETO. It is worth noting that the containment control scheme proposed in this paper is based on relative position measurement only, which reduces the amount of information transfer compared to transmitting position and velocity information when wireless signals are fading in the channel, improves the control accuracy, and also reduces the system’s requirements for sensors. Theoretical analysis leads to the conclusion that the error signals are uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB). Finally, the effectiveness of the control scheme is verified by numerical simulation.
ADHD in Black Youth: A Content Analysis of Empirical Research from 1972 to 2023
Authors: Green Cathrin D. , Kang Sungha , Harvey Elizabeth A. , Jones Heather A.
Published: September 2024

Objective: The purpose of this content analysis study was to characterize patterns of research on Black youth with ADHD. Method: Relevant articles were identified through searching psychology and medical databases and cross-referencing citations in previously published review articles. The 204 empirical articles included in this study (1) were conducted in the United States, (2) had a predominantly child or adolescent sample, (3) had more than 80% Black youth/families in the study sample and/or conducted separate analyses for Black youth/families, and (4) examined ADHD symptoms or diagnoses. Articles were categorized into five primary content areas: Assessment, Treatment, Perceptions, Prevalence, and Associated Correlates. Journal characteristics, sample characteristics, and methodological characteristics are presented across these content areas. Results: Findings show a relatively low representation of Black youth with ADHD in the literature, with most studies using race comparative approaches and secondary data analyses, and many being published in medical journals. Conclusion: Based on these results, changes are recommended both at the individual study and broader systems levels (e.g., funding agencies). More research, funding, and publications centering Black youth with ADHD are vital to understanding and correcting long-standing health disparities for this community.
Is Conservative Management of Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm With Papillary-Like Nuclear Features (NIFTP) Possible in Children?
Authors: Celtik Ulgen , Ertan Yesim , Ozen Samim , Goksen Damla , Celik Ahmet
Published: September 2024

Background:

Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) is a newly recognized entity with benign clinical characteristics. We aim to compare NIFTP with invasive encapsulated follicular variant papillary carcinoma (fvPTC) and to discuss the management.

Methods:

Records of patients with fvPTC and NIFTP between 2016 and 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. Two groups were compared according to demographics, surgical management, postoperative management, and long-term follow-up.

Results:

Twenty patients were included in the study, with 10 in NIFTP group and 10 in fvPTC group. The mean age at operation was 14.10 ± 2.61 years. Demographics and preoperative nodule sizes ( P = .912) were statistically similar between the 2 groups. Although lobectomy was more common in the NIFTP group, this difference was not statistically significant compared to the fvPTC group in terms of surgical treatment. Postoperatively, while no patient received radioactive iodine treatment(RAI) in NIFTP group, 6 patients in fvPTC group did ( P = .011). Five patients in NIFTP group and 3 in the fvPTC group were followed up with lobectomy only, without any adverse events or recurrence, for 47.50 ± 19.25 and 30.10 ± 19.25 months, respectively.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, NIFTP appears to be an indolent disease in children. Therefore, observation with lobectomy is sufficient, and RAI is not necessary.
Placement of the feline V-gel Advanced supraglottic airway device and tracheal selectivity during controlled mechanical ventilation: a clinical and tomodensitometric evaluation
Authors: Debuigne Morgane , Gatel Laure , Chesnel Mandoline
Published: September 2024

Objectives

The aims of the study was to assess the placement of the V-gel Advanced (V-gel-A) and to evaluate tracheal selectivity during controlled mechanical ventilation, using CT.

Methods

In this prospective clinical study, 20 healthy cats undergoing general anaesthesia for an elective procedure underwent four successive CT scans from the nose to the mid-abdomen: at baseline (no device); after the placement of the V-gel-A, after a controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) period of 5 mins; and after the placement of an endotracheal tube (ETT). Using both a purpose designed position score and a gas score estimating the quantity of gas in different digestive regions, the position of the V-gel-A and presence of gas in the digestive tract at each step were evaluated. Number of attempts and times required to place the V-gel-A and ETT were recorded and compared.

Results

The V-gel-A was found to be correctly placed, with position scores of 3/5 in six cats, 4/5 in 13 cats and 5/5 in one cat. Imperfect positioning was due to minor axial rotation or incomplete occlusion of the oesophagus by the tip of the device. The gas scores significantly increased after placement of the V-gel-A compared with baseline and after CMV was initiated. Correct positioning of the device was mostly achieved at the first attempt; no significant difference was found in the time required to place V-gel-A vs ETT, nor in the number of attempts ( P >0.05).

Conclusions and relevance

The V-gel-A was clinically easy to place and use in both spontaneous and controlled ventilation. The device properly fitted the larynx and was never observed to occlude the airway. However, incomplete occlusion of the oesophagus was frequently observed and may lead to a lack of complete tracheal selectivity.
Correlation between macular sensitivity and kidney function in patients with diabetes
Authors: Adžić Zečević Antoaneta , Vujović Kalinić Valentina , Potpara Zorica , Zečević Ksenija
Published: September 2024

Purpose

The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between kidney function in patients with diabetes and macular sensitivity at central 10° using microperimetry.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out on 30 diabetic patients (58 eyes). A full-threshold microperimetry of the central 10° of retina (the macula) was performed on all subjects, consisting of 37 measurement points, using a 4–2 representation strategy. Macular sensitivity was expressed as the average threshold value in decibels for the entire field tested. The correlation between macular sensitivity and GFR, as well as microalbuminuria, blood glucose and HbA1c, was calculated using Pearson correlation rank.

Results

A significant positive correlation was observed between GFR and macular sensitivity among both male and female study subjects. For male participants, the correlation was measured to r([16]) = [.615], p = [<.007] and r([15]) = [.844], p = [<.001] for the left and right eyes, respectively. As for female participants, the correlation was r ([9]) = [.903], p = [<.001] and r([10]) = [.941], p = [<.001] for the left and right eyes, respectively. The correlation between macular sensitivity and the following variables was statistically insignificant: microalbuminuria, blood glucose, and HbA1c.

Conclusion

Despite intact visual acuity measured on standard ophthalmic examination, patients with impaired kidney function had decreased macular sensitivity. This emphasizes the importance of microperimetry in preventative care and detection of early signs of diabetic retinopathy. Furthermore, we should consider the use of microperimetry as an auxiliary tool for monitoring kidney function in diabetics.
Gendered parenting and gender role attitude among children
Authors: Krishna Sangili , Thomas Tissy Mariam , Sreekumar Sringa
Published: September 2024

In a society rife with gender stereotypes and discrimination, children frequently learn to accept gender roles that are not necessarily equitable to all genders. Many factors during childhood and adolescence impact children’s beliefs and actions about gender roles. These attitudes and behaviors are typically acquired and reinforced at home. Most research on gender socialization place greater emphasis on typical growth and average patterns across children. The present study investigated how gendered ideas and actions of parents influence their children’s attitudes about gender roles. The study examined gender stereotypes held by children about different concepts like occupation, appearance, play, and responsibilities, and how family contributed to their development. Data was collected from ten participants (of age between 4 and 6 years) from Kozhikode district, Kerala, India, using a semi-structured interview. The data was transcribed, and thematic analysis was performed. The study found that children had a solid gender-stereotyped viewpoint on all of the factors examined and that children make gender-stereotyped decisions, attitudes, and perceptions from a very young age. Role modeling and promoting distinct gendered behaviors are found to be the two ways through which parents and families impact children’s gender development. The present study has demonstrated that certain types of exposures from the family influence children’s learning of conventional gender roles. Society must establish a more gender-equitable context that will preserve the future psychological, social, and professional development of children.
Application of multimodal learning in daylight provision and view quality assessment of residential building layouts
Authors: Kat Charlotte Jeline , Mostafavi Fatemeh , Brembilla Eleonora , Turrin Michela
Published: September 2024

Optimizing the layout of residential buildings based on daylight performance and view quality is crucial to visual comfort and well-being of building occupants. Machine Learning (ML) methods offer valuable support for performance-based decision-making process at the early-stage building design. In this study, a novel workflow is introduced to integrate ML models into the architectural design process. With the designer’s input floor layout designs, the presented multimodal ML model predicts daylight provision and view quality, which are then translated into practical visual representations by a post-processing step. This approach allows input designs to be evaluated by the ML model, leading to enhanced design decisions while preserving the designer’s autonomy. Results for the best-performing model, implementing ResNet50 and a fully connected network, led to a Mean Square Error (MSE) of 0.0440 and 0.0478, and an R2 score of 0.7411 and 0.7815 for the daylight and view metrics, respectively. The results of the daylight and view predictive models are further interpreted according to different apartment categories and at various resolutions. These results indicate that the method could be viable for predicting daylight provision and view quality in early design tools, providing designers with faster feedback that supports informed decision-making during design iterations. Ultimately, the challenges of the study and further improvements are discussed.
Multi-dimensional force tracking-loading simulator development and simulation experiment for five-axis machining center
Authors: Wang Junjian , Wang Xianchao , Sun Jianghong , Zhao Qinzhi , Chen Xiaoan , Li Naizheng , Li Hui , Yang Xiao
Published: September 2024

Aiming at the problems of insufficient loading dimension and difficult engineering application of CNC machine tool reliability test device, a low-cost, recyclable multi-dimensional force tracking-loading simulator is developed based on the conical test piece. First of all, according to the principle of homogeneous coordinate system transformation and rigid body hypothesis theory to establish a five-axis machining center cutting force model, derive the cutting force expression of the machining center during the cutting process. Secondly, based on Ansys, the super elastomer rubber ring model for loading is established, and through nonlinear dynamics simulation, it explores the change rule of the integrated force on the spindle with different cutting depth and rubber ring thickness. Then, the loading test is carried out on a five-axis linked machining center to verify the feasibility of the multi-dimensional force tracking-loading simulator and the multidimensional loading capacity, which provides a new loading mean and theoretical basis for the reliability test of CNC machine tools. Finally, by comparing the simulation and experiment results, it is concluded that when the rubber ring thickness is 3 mm, the comprehensive cutting force fluctuation of the five-axis machining center is the smallest, and the relative error between the experiment comprehensive force and the simulation comprehensive force is 19.8%, which is the best thickness of the rubber ring under loading test.
Inequalities and critical citizenship learning in Swedish upper secondary schools
Authors: Jansson Maria
Published: September 2024

This article analyses how students in two Swedish upper secondary schools with different demographics articulate inequalities, and how their positions in society give rise to different learning patterns. Using material from focus group interviews undertaken during a teaching module about trust, the article departs from the proposition that learning about trust in school also means negotiating trust and experiences from outside the school context. The article concludes that students who identify as non-ethnic Swedes must bridge the gap between the learning content and their own experiences. Such negotiations allow for a critical view on democratic institutions. However, this critical potential stems from a position that also necessitates more work to ‘learn’ the content provided, compared to the ethnic Swedes who encounter the teaching materials from a position where it can be inserted and combined with an already existing and matching worldview. The article argues that challenging the views and the normative position held by the latter group is a remaining task for citizenship teaching.
Taiwanese youth’s imagination of good citizens through environmental policy controversy deliberations
Authors: Chan Yun-Wen
Published: September 2024

What does it mean to be a good citizen when coping with sustainability challenges in politically polarized and values-conflicting contexts? This study explores Taiwanese students’ imagination of good citizens as they deliberate over a highly controversial local environmental policy. Tracing five focal students’ learning trajectories, this study unpacks how the students perceive their own and the adult stakeholders’ roles in this controversy. Results revealed students’ consistent distrust of the adult stakeholders. Nevertheless, they developed expectations of the stakeholders as they learned more about the political complexities of this issue. Students’ imaginations about good citizens include four elements: engaging in public issues, respecting different opinions, rational communication, and addressing the local’s concerns and needs. Based on the results, I argue that pluralistic values are needed for preparing citizens to cope with sustainability challenges in multicultural and pluralistic societies.
Anaesthetic concerns in a patient with aortic aneurysm for non-cardiac surgery: A case report
Authors: Sarma Riniki , Mahendru Kiran
Published: September 2024

Abdominal aortic aneurysm poses a significant risk of rupture, with mortality rates of 80% to 90% if untreated. Management focuses on identifying and repairing the aneurysm before rupture, considering factors like size, type and symptoms. We report successful anaesthetic management in a case of intertrochanteric fracture of femur of an elderly patient who was to undergo elective surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Few cases detail abdominal aortic aneurysm management during non-cardiac surgery, emphasising careful anaesthesia titration. This case report underscores the importance of precise intraoperative anaesthesia management in emergency non-cardiac surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm patients.
Characterizing patient experiences with repeat artificial urinary sphincter revisions through quantitative surveys and qualitative patient interviews
Authors: Huffman Phillip J. , Ewachiw Gabriella , Johnson Ryan , Huang Mitchell M. , Dani Hasan , Knijnik Pedro G. , da Silva Arthur F. , Burnett Arthur L. , Mostwin Jacek L. , Wright Edward J. , Cohen Andrew J.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) placement remains the gold-standard treatment for post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPUI), despite their need for periodic surgical revision.

Objective:

To understand the experiences of patients who undergo repeat AUS revisions.

Design:

Mixed design including quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews for thematic analysis.

Methods:

Men with ⩾2 revisions were collected from a single-institution, retrospective database of AUS patients. Participants were interviewed about their prostatectomy, incontinence, AUS placement, and revisions. A survey was administered utilizing validated tools (e.g., Decision Regret Scale (DRS), Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7) for quantitative analysis. Interview transcripts were used for qualitative thematic analysis.

Results:

Of 26 respondents, 20 completed the interview. Twenty-three men completed the survey. The mean DRS score for prostatectomy was 24 (standard deviation (SD) = 27), indicating low regret. Median Incontinence Impact Questionnaire score was 54 (SD = 27), with 70% of participants describing their PPUI as “severe.” Participants experienced a significant decrease in daily pad usage with AUS placement (5.5 pre-AUS vs 1.4 post-AUS, p < 0.0001). Qualitative analysis revealed themes involving prostatectomy urgency, physician–patient relationships, expectation setting, and quality of follow-up. Most participants (96%) were satisfied with their initial AUS placement and endorsed a positive relationship with their urologist. However, 22% of participants were unaware of device limitations, including the need for revision. Some participants (26%) were uncertain of the status of their AUS, while some participants (35%) desired improved follow-up.

Conclusions:

Initial improvement and positive experiences with urologists motivate patients to undergo AUS repeat revision. Urologists should emphasize the limitations of the AUS before placement and follow up with patients to evaluate their needs for future care.
Spatial variation and determinants of traditional birth attendants utilization among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia: Spatial and multilevel analysis study
Authors: Ali Mohammed Seid , Getaneh Mekonen Enyew , Workneh Belayneh Shetie
Published: September 2024

Background:

Traditional birth attendant utilization has become a common malpractice and a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the developing world, such as Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed at determining the geospatial variation and determinant factors of traditional birth attendant utilization among mothers of reproductive age in Ethiopia.

Methods:

The data were taken from the 2019 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. Arc GIS, Excel, and STATA-14 software were used for the data analysis. The adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to declare significant determinants of traditional birth attendance among mothers of reproductive age in Ethiopia.

Results:

Among 5,753 mothers of reproductive age, 34.59% of them utilized traditional birth attendants in Ethiopia during the 2019 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. There was a geospatial variation of traditional birth attendants among mothers of reproductive age in Ethiopia; the Global Moran’s index value was 0.39 with a p-value <0.001. The significant factors associated with traditional birth attendant utilization were the age of mothers; higher odds were observed among older mothers aged 35–49 years (AOR = 1.31; 95% CI (1.04–1.63)); educational level of mothers (AOR = 3.04; 95% CI (2.13–4.33)); higher odds were observed in uneducated mothers, wealth index (AOR = 2.76; 95% CI (1.83–4.19)); higher odds were observed among the poorer and poorest households, place of residence (AOR = 5.69; 95% CI (3.35–9.67)); and the regions; the highest odds were observed in Somali (AOR = 12.1; 95% CI (4.99–25.68)) and Afar (AOR = 7.13; 95% CI (2.37–21.38)).

Conclusions:

The utilization of traditional birth attendants among reproductive-age mothers became a major public health concern, and the distribution showed geo-spatial variations among the regions of the country. We recommend taking appropriate measures to alleviate the current problem by improving access to maternal healthcare services.
Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the seminal vesicle: A case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Changrong , Xiang Jingjing , Wang Yuyong
Published: September 2024

A mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the seminal vesicle gland is an uncommon neoplasm characterized by a dual population of epithelial and stromal cells. In this case report, we present a 59-year-old male patient who presented with a large, 10 cm mass in the left seminal vesicle, which was preliminarily suspected to be a malignant tumor of the seminal vesicle based on magnetic resonance imaging findings. Histopathological evaluation, however, revealed a tumor with biphasic epithelial–mesenchymal differentiation, predominantly displaying mesenchymal characteristics. The epithelium and stroma displayed papillary and foliar structures, respectively. The epithelial cells were bland, arranged in either single or multi-layered cuboidal patterns, and the stromal cells were spindle shaped with a sparse distribution. The patient experienced a favorable postoperative outcome. The diagnosis of mixed epithelial and stromal tumor is challenging based on clinical and imaging findings alone, and definitive diagnosis relies on pathological examination. This case report addresses a rare presentation of low-grade mixed epithelial and stromal tumor in the seminal vesicle gland and aims to expand the understanding of this entity by reviewing the relevant literature.
40-Gene expression profile test predicting metastatic risk in localized, high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma for peer review
Authors: Samman Luna , Fernandez Chloe , Gomez-Meade Carlos
Published: September 2024

This case study investigates the use of a 40-gene expression profile to independently predict the risk of metastasis in an immunocompromised 75-year-old male patient with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of his left cheek. The patient’s previous medical history included non-melanoma skin cancer. Traditional staging methods, such as those from the American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, suggested a high risk of metastasis for this patient. However, the 40-gene expression profile test identified the patient as having a low risk (Class 1 result) of metastasis within 3 years. The patient successfully underwent Mohs surgery, and pathology was notable for positive perineural invasion of large caliber nerves. This case highlights the potential of the 40-gene expression profile as an independent predictor in assessing metastatic risk compared to traditional staging methods.
Cyber Activism in Iran: A Case Study
Authors: Danesh Afsane , Athari Seyyed Hossein
Published: September 2024

One of the most obvious characteristics of Iran’s protests in September 2022 is the emergence of a type of cyber activism that, unlike mass activism, is formed first in cyberspace. Networks have redefined social action and structure in our societies and have important consequences on production processes, power, and culture, challenging political systems, and creating legitimacy crises. The subject of the present research is important because cyber activism has an external aspect and has changed the shape of Iran’s social movements. This article is based on the Twitter data analysis method and using MAXQDA. Referring to Castells’ network society theory, it addresses this question: What role did the Twitter play in September 2022 in Mahsa Amini’s social movement? This article shows that the Twitter, in the context of existing dissatisfactions and in the absence of active organizations and parties, has led to an increase in cyberactivism in Iran. This cyberactivism encompasses mass self-communication, occupation of urban space, horizontal leadership, globalization of messages, mobilization and guidance of public opinion, nationalism, the subjectivity of women, and their identification has been its external manifestation.
A Study on the Evaluation and Determinants of Green Economic Efficiency: Empirical Evidence from Provincial Panel Data in China
Authors: Zhao Xinxu , Ehigiamusoe Kizito Uyi
Published: September 2024

In the past decades, China has continued to pursue the quantitative expansion of economic development at the expense of the environmental quality resulting in high environmental degradation. Hence, this study evaluates the economic efficiency under the constraints of energy and environment, as well as unravels the determinants of economic efficiency in 30 provinces in China during 2005 to 2019. It deploys the improved super-efficiency Slack-Based Measure (SBM) model and Tobit regression model. The statistical results show that economic growth efficiency displays a declining trend in recent years in China. However, there is a regional heterogeneity of green economic efficiency across the provinces, with the efficiency values exhibiting a clear downward stepwise distribution from the eastern to western region. Moreover, the regression results indicate that energy consumption and GDP growth have significant adverse effects on green economic efficiency. This implies that China’s economic growth is excessively reliant on energy consumption which exceeds the environmental carrying capacity, causing a decline in green economic efficiency. The study of China’s economic efficiency is fundamental because it explores the potential space for sustainable growth as well as provides clarity on the current status and prospects of economic development with a view to avoiding economic stagnation and providing policy support for sustainable economic development. Therefore, policy makers should proactively take measures to improve energy efficiency and shift economic development targets from quantitative expansion to qualitative improvement that facilitates green economic efficiency. Based on the empirical results of the different regions, this study also provides some respective policy recommendations.
How Empowerment Congruence Impacts Performance in Cross-Functional Project Teams: A Polynomial Regression Analysis
Authors: Zheng Junwei , Zhuo Rufeng , Xie Hongtao , Wu Guangdong , Zhao Xianbo
Published: September 2024

This study deduces the empowerment alignment in project governance through examining the roles of (in)congruence between empowering leadership and psychological empowerment in informal leadership emergence, creativity, and performance outcomes. Using the data from 210 members from 69 cross-functional project teams, the results of polynomial regression and response surface analyses indicate that the high congruence between empowering leadership and perceived empowerment enhances informal leadership emergence, then promotes creativity to facilitate performance outcomes eventually. Informal leadership emerged under the insufficient empowerment condition with higher psychological empowerment rather than the excessive empowerment condition with higher empowering leadership. The study added to the project governance body of knowledge by confirming the promoting mechanism for project performance from the congruence perspective of leader-given and subordinate-perceived empowerment.