bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review on Steels for Cryogenic Applications
Authors: Anoop C. R. , Singh R. K. , Kumar Ravi Ranjan , Jayalakshmi M. , Antony Prabhu T. , Thomas Tharian K. , Narayana Murty S. V. S.
Published: May 2021

Cryogenic systems have played a crucial role in almost all of the finest technological achievements of mankind. Cryogenic applications demand materials with a unique combination of properties, which drastically limits the choice of materials. In most other engineering applications, because of wide tailorability of their properties and excellent combination of strength and toughness, coupled with lower cost compared with nonferrous materials, steels have become the preferred/dominant structural material for cryogenic applications. The contradictory requirement of higher strength without compromising toughness at cryogenic temperatures posed considerable challenges and led to the development of large array of steels tailored for specific applications. This review is an attempt to survey the metallurgical aspects, material selection, mechanical property evaluation, and application of various standard and nonstandard steels for cryogenic applications. This review covers the influence of low temperatures on material properties, simulative mechanical tests for property evaluation, metallurgy of steels, and application examples surveying the published literature to date. The review also analyzes the origins of low-temperature toughness, various application requirements, and the work carried out at authors’ laboratories. The issues pertaining to mechanical tests at low temperatures and status of data generation in international scenario have been critically analyzed. Physical metallurgy aspects have been highlighted in the review, and microstructure-property-processing correlations for various steels have also been covered. One of the recent advances in steels for cryogenic applications, high-entropy alloys, which are proposed as alternatives for the conventional steels, have been reviewed, and mechanical property data have been critically analyzed. The potential of additive manufactured steels for low-temperature applications has been reviewed. Finally, this review article discusses challenges in processing–mechanical properties correlation for various grades of steels for cryogenic applications. It also provides useful information for researchers working on steels for cryogenic applications with a glimpse of recent advances made in this area.
BAZI TIBBİ BİTKİLERLE ZENGİNLEŞTİRİLMİŞ EKMEKLERİN DUYUSAL ÖZELLİKLERİ VE SATIN ALMA NİYETİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Gözde , DÜLGER ALTINER Dilek , ŞAHAN Yasemin
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmada tıbbi bitki unları ile zenginleştirilmiş ekmek formülasyonlarının geliştirilmesi amaçlanmış ve buğday unu farklı oranlarda (%1, 2 ve 3) karahindiba unu ve civanperçemi unu ile ikame edilmiştir. Kontrol örneği, sadece buğday unu kullanılarak üretilmiştir. Zenginleştirilmiş ekmeklerin duyusal özellikleri (görünüş, lezzet/tat, koku, tekstür, ağızda bıraktığı his ve genel kabul edilebilirlik) tespit edilerek kontrol ekmeği ile karşılaştırılmış ve duyusal özelliklerin satın alma niyeti üzerindeki etkisi de tespit edilmiştir. Duyusal analiz değerlendirme sonuçlarına göre, kontrol örneğine en yakın özellikler gösteren ve en çok beğenilen %1 karahindiba unu katkılı ekmek olmuştur. Bununla birlikte ekmek duyusal özelliklerinin satın alma niyeti üzerinde büyük oranda etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonucuna göre; sağlık yönünden faydaları bilinen bu tıbbi bitki unlarının gıda sanayiinde kullanımının arttırılması ile yeni fonksiyonel ürün geliştirme çalışmalarında gıda katkısı olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Sediment-laden sea ice in southern Hudson Bay: Entrainment, transport, and biogeochemical implications
Authors: Barber D. G. , Harasyn M. L. , Babb D. G. , Capelle D. , McCullough G. , Dalman L. A. , Matthes L. C. , Ehn J. K. , Kirillov S. , Kuzyk Z. , Basu A. , Fayak M. , Schembri S. , Papkyriakou T. , Ahmed M. M. M. , Else B. , Guéguen C. , Meilleur C. , Dmitrenko I. , Mundy C. J. , Gupta K. , Rysgaard S. , Stroeve J. , Sydor K.
Published: May 2021

During a research expedition in Hudson Bay in June 2018, vast areas of thick (>10 m), deformed sediment-laden sea ice were encountered unexpectedly in southern Hudson Bay and presented difficult navigation conditions for the Canadian Coast Guard Ship Amundsen. An aerial survey of one of these floes revealed a maximum ridge height of 4.6 m and an average freeboard of 2.2 m, which corresponds to an estimated total thickness of 18 m, far greater than expected within a seasonal ice cover. Samples of the upper portion of the ice floe revealed that it was isothermal and fresh in areas with sediment present on the surface. Fine-grained sediment and larger rocks were visible on the ice surface, while a pronounced sediment band was observed in an ice core. Initial speculation was that this ice had formed in the highly dynamic Nelson River estuary from freshwater, but δ18O isotopic analysis revealed a marine origin. In southern Hudson Bay, significant tidal forcing promotes both sediment resuspension and new ice formation within a flaw lead, which we speculate promotes the formation of this sediment-laden sea ice. Historic satellite imagery shows that sediment-laden sea ice is typical of southern Hudson Bay, varying in areal extent from 47 to 118 km2 during June. Based on an average sediment particle concentration of 0.1 mg mL–1 in sea ice, an areal extent of 51,924 km2 in June 2018, and an estimated regional end-of-winter ice thickness of 1.5 m, we conservatively estimated that a total sediment load of 7.8 × 106 t, or 150 t km–2, was entrained within sea ice in southern Hudson Bay during winter 2018. As sediments can alter carbon concentrations and light transmission within sea ice, these first observations of this ice type in Hudson Bay imply biogeochemical impacts for the marine system.
THERMODYNAMICS OF TYPE II KEROGEN TRANSFORMATION
Authors: Khokha Yuri , Lyubchak Oleksandr , Yakovenko Myroslava
Published: May 2021

The article reviews the chemical structure of type II kerogen. The changes that occur with the structure of type II kerogen as it passes through the stages of catagenesis from immature to post-mature are evaluated. Structural models of type II kerogen at different stages of catagenesis are presented: both obtained empirically after studying the structure by physical and chemical methods and the results of modelling by molecular dynamics method. Methods of equilibrium thermodynamics are used to calculate the composition of the kerogen–gas system for crust sections in the range of 1–20 km with a heat flux of 40 to 100 mW/m2. The composition of kerogen/fluid geochemical system is calculated using the E. T. Jaynes formalism. It boils down to determining the optimal distribution of 5 elements (C, H, O, N, S) among the 44 additive constituents of the solid phase (i. e., type II kerogen) and other individual components that are included in the system (CO2, H2O, H2S, NH3, CH4, C2H6, C3H8, i-C4H10, n-C4H10, i-C5H12, neo-C5H12, n-C5H12). Comparison with the experiments showed that the results of the calculations do not contradict the experiments, with study the structure and changes in type II kerogen with increasing degree of catagenesis. In the analysis of changes in the concentrations of water, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, it is founded that kerogen could be not only a donor of atoms for gas components, but also their acceptor in contact with a high-energy fluid stream. It is shown that the determination of sulfur-containing atomic groups of kerogen by thermodynamic modelling yields gives more reliable results than molecular dynamics methods. Established is that the concept of “methane-graphite death”, which takes place in the state of thermodynamic equilibrium in the transformation of organic matter, is erroneous. The calculation shows that the composition of the kerogen–gas system, in addition to methane and carbon, includes solid-phase heteroatom groups, various additive components of aromatic structures and gases, both organic and inorganic. The distribution of elements between the additive components of kerogen and gases in this system controls the pressure and temperature in a complex way. The nature of changes in hydrocarbon gas concentrations in equilibrium with type II kerogen indicates the presence of an “oil window” in low-warmed zones within 2–4 km depths.
Vertical thermobaric zoning of hydrocarbon deposits of the Eastern oil- and gas-bearing region of Ukraine
Authors: Prykhodko Oleksandr , Hrytsyk Ihor , Kurovets Ihor , Melnychuk Svitlana
Published: May 2021

For the predictive appraisal of the perspective exploratory territories as well as prediction of separate producing horizons of prospecting and exploration areas for oil and gas it is necessary to establish the regularities of distribution of already explored deposits of hydrocarbons with structural-tectonic construction, lithological-stratigraphic features, hydrogeological and geothermobaric conditions of oil- and gas-bearing region taken into account. Interconnection between geothermobaric parameters and the phase state of hydrocarbons in the vertical section should be an important factor for the solution of the posed task. Within the limits of the Eastern oil- and gas-bearing area of Ukraine, the spatial zoning is established in the location of gas, oil and gas-condensate deposits. As a whole, the distribution of temperatures and pressures at different depths, average geothermal gradients, gradients of the lithological-stratigraphical horizons of the same name (sustained both as to the area and thickness) are closely connected with the deep geological structure of the studied region (area) and confirm the existing notions of the role of tectonic, lithological-stratigraphic and hydrogeological factors in the formation of the thermal regime of sedimentary basins. Vertical zoning of the distribution of hydrocarbon deposits of oil- and gas-bearing horizons was developed according to geothermobaric parameters of the north-western part of the Dnieper-Donets Depression and 8 areas from 15 ones of the Eastern oil- and gas-bearing region, namely: Monastyryshche-Sofiivka and Talalaivka-Rybalske oil- and gas-bearing areas, Glynsk-Solokha gas- and oil-bearing area, Ryabukhyne-Northern Golubivka and Mashivka-Shebelynka gas-bearing areas, Rudenky-Proletarske oil- and gas-bearing region, Krasna Rika gas-bearing area and also oil- and gas-bearing area of the Northern edge. Revealed regularities of the distribution of formation temperatures, pressures, geothermal and thermobaric coefficients with peculiarities of the tectonic structure of the Dnieper-Donets graben taken into account will make it possible to solve theoretical problems connected with hydrocarbon migration, the formation and preservation of deposits in more well-founded way that will make it possible to conduct prospecting for new fields at great depths within the studied territory more effectively.
Isidoro patriarca di Constantinopoli e il breve sogno dell'inizio di una nuova epoca
Authors: Rigo Antonio
Published: May 2021

Focusing on a key year in the last age of Byzantium – 1347, when the civil war that had ravaged the Empire for four years, accompanied by religious dissent and social unrest, finally ended – the book of Antonio Rigo offers an overall reconstruction of the ecclesiastical events and dynamics between the different groups involved, while also presenting a critical edition of two documents from the summer of 1347: the Tome of the opponents and that of the deposition of Matthew of Ephesus, followed by other minor pieces.
Mechanically deboned turkey meat with improved digestibility and biological value
Authors: Takács K. , Szerdahelyi E. , Nagy A. , Gelencsér É.
Published: May 2021

Enzymatic hydrolysates of mechanically deboned meat (MDM) for a long time have been used as flavouring and functional food ingredients in the food industry and also as the bases of formula foods for special dietary uses.

The aim of the present study was to produce MDM hypo-antigenic products with improved digestibility and high biological value to be used as a milk protein alternative. turkey MDM was treated with digestive enzymes (trypsin and/or α-chymotrypsin, or pancreatin), followed by freeze drying. The optimised reaction conditions of hydrolysis were at 6% (w/v) of meat protein in 0.1% NaHCO3 buffer, pH 7.5; pancreatin enzyme with 50 TAME units/g meat protein substrate, 37 °C and 60 min). Hydrolysates (MDMH) were assessed for degree of hydrolyses (DH, %) by using trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid method and MW distribution by SDS-PAGE. Modification of immune reactive binding sites in MDMHs was monitored by immunoblot with cow’s milk, chicken egg or meat allergic human patients’ sera. Biological value indices (True Digestibility (TD), Net Protein Utilisation (NPU), Biological Value (BV)) were determined using rat feeding trials. Among the MDMH products, the pancreatic hydrolysate proved to be the most favourable in terms of biological value and digestibility as well as hypoallergenic property.
Towards an Integral Forensic Anthropology
Authors: Marín Suárez Carlos , Rosignoli Bruno
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a comparative study of forensic anthropology as the field has developed in Argentina and Uruguay, two Southern Cone countries that have transitioned from dictatorship to democracy in contrasting circumstances. In the context of investigating crimes against humanity, the archaeology of the recent past offers a “third narrative” alongside documentation and testimony, and it has had a great impact as a source of probatory material in judicial contexts in both countries. However, its focus has been almost exclusively on locating and retrieving human remains, whereas we propose a broader integral forensic anthropology that takes account of the wide range of materiality related to crimes against humanity. If forensic anthropology and archaeology are to fulfil this potential, it is fundamental that they remain independent of state power and holistic in scope.
Decolonial Diary
Authors: Ernsten Christian , Shepherd Nick
Published: May 2021

In this essay, we examine poignant moments that arose while walking the approximately 80 km Hoerikwaggo Trail linking the Cape of Good Hope to the city of Cape Town, South Africa. Our walks, styled as walking seminars, started in 2013. Two local and global events have resonated strongly with the walking seminar project, and have lent a sense of urgency to the debates and experiences on the trail: the events of #RhodesMustFall in 2014, and those of #DayZero 2018. The narrative arc of this essay is plotted along moments described as in a diary: each day explores a set of ideas. As such, we think through the landscape’s history as a breathing, material presence that both burdens the present and acts as a kind of birthright. Finally, we posit that walking the Hoerikwaggo Trail can be understood as one way of navigating what Ann Laura Stoler refers to as the “imperial debris” of the mountain.
Undressing Corpses – An Archaeological Perspective on State Violence
Authors: Hattori Márcia Lika
Published: May 2021

This article explores the disappearance of bodies within the bureaucracy of death in Brazil, including a focus on complicity between the apparatus of repression during the military period and norms of public administration, which aimed to give a veneer of “legality” in cases of disappearance within state institutions. The bureaucracy of death undresses bodies and depersonalizes them, and lack of care over recording details can be a strategy to deny the dead body of an undesirable or unknown person an identity. Making use of autopsy reports for unidentified bodies in São Paulo in the 1970s as an analytical category, I demonstrate how an archaeological perspective can show how a “state of exception” operates on such individuals; in particular, I show how the presence or absence of details about clothing is a significant factor in depersonalization.
Magia, Experiências Extáticas e a dimensão popular do Protocristianismo
Authors: Carneiro Marcelo Da Silva
Published: May 2021

Esse artigo, com características de ensaio acadêmico, tem como objetivo apresentar um panorama de pesquisas a respeito das experiências religiosas do protocristianismo, a partir de sua dimensão popular. Dentre as diferentes expressões dessas experiências, serão apresentados aspectos importantes para esse panorama, como a magia e as experiências extáticas, destacando-se aqui as viagens celestiais e a glossolalia, além do exorcismo. Busca-se indicar um caminho de superação do racionalismo acadêmico, que tende a considerar esses elementos secundários e até irrelevantes para o estudo do Novo Testamento e outros textos extracanônicos.
Em busca dos sentidos políticos do Livro de Jonas: nova visão da geografia e a ficção profética como denúncia da história
Authors: Santos João Batista Ribeiro , Mello Larissa Dantas Camargo
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste ensaio historiográfico é apresentar uma nova proposta para a leitura do Livro de Jonas na qual a pesquisa histórica traz à luz o sentido do itinerário geográfico do mapa mental elaborado pelos narradores e o gênero de ficção na profecia. No plano de fundo estão memórias de acontecimentos que justificam a denúncia, a saber, violências praticadas pelos grandes reinos, e que agora são representados na iconografia literária do livro pela Assíria e sua capital, Nínive. A denúncia, uma literatura profética ficcional em forma de panfletos, produzida vários séculos depois da queda do império neoassírio, tem função política em Judah no contexto das províncias sírias sob o império persa.
A perspectiva moderna da hermenêutica dialógica de Gadamer: principais contribuições à hermenêutica bíblica
Authors: Brechó da Silva Nelson Maria
Published: May 2021

Este artigo almeja apresentar a hermenêutica contemporânea de Gadamer a partir da hipótese da linguisticidade (Sprachlichkeit) como compreensão dialógica. A hermenêutica está num processo de construção incessantemente e, sobretudo, de forma não harmônica com a tradição. Assim, deseja-se, com o apoio do comentário de Bleicher, considerar que a ciência e a técnica se desenvolvem por meio da previsibilidade, ao passo que a hermenêutica procura desvendar o não dito, ou seja, a imprevisibilidade, de sorte que a ciência e a técnica são um tipo de saber, que não é absoluto. Com efeito, esta visão dialógica envolve a fusão de horizontes capaz de permitir, no âmbito da hermenêutica bíblica, a análise dos efeitos do texto sagrado na sua comunidade, bem como nas pequenas comunidades atuais e nos grupos de pesquisa em Ciências da Religião e de Teologia, que procuram se dedicar ao estudo bíblico. Nesse sentido, ilustra-se como exemplo de aplicação algumas passagens de Cântico dos Cânticos.
On the Anniversary of Albitsky Valery Yu.
Authors: Sher Stella A.
Published: May 2021

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Ultrasound Differential Diagnosis and Prognosis of Right Main Bronchus Atresia in Fetus: Clinical Case
Authors: Normuradova Nodira M. , Kurbanova Vusala V.
Published: May 2021

Background. Obstructive lesion of upper respiratory tract in fetus is extremely rare pathology with adverse perinatal outcomes.

Clinical Case Description. Ultrasound examination of fetus (gestational age 21 weeks 6 days) has revealed one-sided isolated main bronchus atresia. Atresia was presented as enlargement of right lung due to mucus accumulation, its increased echogenicity, mediastinal displacement to the left and left lung size reduction. We performed differential diagnosis with cystic-adenomatous lung malformation type III, congenital lobar emphysema and pulmonary sequestration. These conditions are also characterized by lung echogenicity and volume increase but they are usually limited to one lung lobe or segment, and pulmonary sequestration has a systemic blood supply. The use of high-frequency transducers, lung vessels Doppler imaging and volume echography allow us to investigate in detail the lung structure of the fetus, correctly calculate the lungs volume and timely the main bronchus atresia at the second trimester of pregnancy.

Conclusion. The ultrasound diagnosis of isolated main bronchus atresia is based on revealing of increased lung volume on ipsilateral side, its increased echogenicity, presence of hypoechogenic linear tubular structures (bronchocele), mediastinal displacement to the opposite side and extreme hypoplasia of the contralateral lung. Prognosis for the life is unfavorable.
Analytical overview of the crowdfunding and crowdlanding market in Russia
Authors: Salnikova Kristina , Permyakov Roman
Published: May 2021

The article discusses innovative forms of attracting financing for innovative and fast-growing projects of companies, such as crowdfunding, crowdlanding. The relevance of the work is confirmed by the fact that in the context of the digital economy there is a transformation of forms of business financing. New mechanisms using digital and platform Internet technologies allow you to create new tools to attract project financing, while saving on transactional, operational, temporary and other costs. One of the tools to attract financing for business in order to implement digital economy projects is crowdfunding and one of its forms is crowdlanding. Based on this, the purpose of the work was to assess the state and prospects for the development of the crowdfunding and crowdlanding market in Russia. The author solved a number of problems to achieve this goal: a general idea of crowdfunding was given, methods of regulating investment platforms were studied, crowdfunding segments were identified, key risks of investment using investment platforms were identified, a general idea of crowdfunding was given, the trend of application and prospects for the development of
peer-to-peer lending were considered (P2R), identified the advantages and disadvantages of Р2Р platforms, analyzed and displayed statistics of the most popular Russian and foreign online lending exchanges, formulated directions for the development of crowdfinancing in Russia. The research methodology is based on a set of theoretical and empirical research methods: description, comparison, analysis and synthesis of the source material with the final synthesis of the results obtained and making a single judgment. The scope of the study results is related to the subsequent formation of proposals and recommendations for the development of organizational, legal, methodological, technical, technological, economic and other measures for the use of crowdfunding and crowdlanding tools.
Boraginales Juss. ex Bercht. & J. Presl em uma área de Caatinga na Microrregião do Curimataú Ocidental, Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Sousa Valdeci Fontes de , Santos Carlos Alberto Garcia , Melo José Iranildo Miranda de
Published: May 2021

RESUMO Boraginales compreende aproximadamente 125 gêneros e 2.700 espécies distribuídas em todo o mundo. No Brasil está representada por 14 gêneros e 148 espécies agrupadas em quatro famílias. Neste estudo, nós apresentamos o levantamento taxonômico de Boraginales em uma área de Caatinga localizada na Microrregião do Curimataú Paraibano, onde 10 espécies, cinco gêneros e duas famílias foram registradas: Cordiaceae, com dois gêneros, Cordia (uma espécie) e Varronia (quatro espécies); e Heliotropiaceae, com três gêneros, Euploca (uma espécie), Heliotropium (duas espécies) e Myriopus (duas espécies). Chave para o reconhecimento das famílias e espécies, além de descrições, ilustrações, comentários taxonômicos e dados sobre distribuição geográfica dos taxa são fornecidos.
Synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles possessing bioactive properties
Authors: Yilmaz Azime
Published: May 2021

Essential oils (EOs) are one of the most promising bioactive agents obtained from different aromatic plants that can show important antimicrobial activities. In this study, it was aimed to fabricate poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)–chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with Origanum vulgare (ONPs) EO at different proportions using the electrospraying technique. In a large number of biological, medical or pharmaceutical applications, the NPs can be effectively used. The encapsulation efficiency value was determined to be 77.2%. The controlled-release test revealed that ONPs could release 82.78% of their EO content. The molecular and thermal analyses confirmed very good encapsulation of the EO into thermally stable NPs. Furthermore, the antifungal effectiveness of O. vulgare against Aspergillus niger and Botrytis cinerea could be significantly increased by their encapsulation into PVA–chitosan NPs. Based on these findings, it can be suggested that the NPs fabricated by using the electrospraying method be used as a long-term and natural preservative in food-storage applications due to their abilities to perform controlled release of their bioactive contents. The fabrication of NPs through the electrospraying technique may open a new area for natural preservatives in food-storage applications.
Wabishki Bizhiko Skaanj: a learning pathway to foster better Indigenous cultural competence in Canadian health research
Authors: Robinson-Settee Helen , Settee Craig , King Malcolm , Beaucage Mary , Smith Mary , Desjarlais Arlene , Chiu Helen Hoi-Lun , Turner Catherine , Kappel Joanne , McGavock Jonathon M.
Published: May 2021

Objective

In Canada, Indigenous people experience racism across diverse settings, including within the health sector. This has negatively impacted both the quality of care that Indigenous people receive as well as how research related to Indigenous populations is conducted. Therefore, an Indigenous-led council at a kidney research network, in partnership with other key stakeholders, sought to create a learning pathway that aims to distill the racism that Indigenous people face, and build cultural competence, within the health sector.

Participants

The learning pathway was designed for researchers, health care providers, patient partners and administrators.

Setting

Various components of the pathway are established trainings in healthcare and research settings at provincial and national levels. Provincially, some components are implemented in British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Ontario.

Intervention

The pathway, called Wabishki Bizhiko Skaanj (meaning “White Horse” in Anishinaabemowin), involves six key steps: a culturally tailored blanket exercise that walks participants through the history of local Indigenous Nations/peoples; a more detailed online training program (San’yas); a series of webinars on Indigenous research ethics and protocols; an educational booklet about engaging Knowledge Keepers in research, as well as sharing details about their traditional knowledge and culture; two certification programs about Indigenous ownership of data; and a “book club,” wherein the conversation of racism—and the goal for finding solutions—is continually discussed.

Outcomes

Wabishki Bizhiko Skaanj is working to build cultural competence in the Canadian health sector.

Implications

This learning pathway has the potential to address racial disparities across the country and improve health outcomes for Indigenous peoples.
An Empirical Investigation of Mathematics Learning Approaches and Metacognitive Awareness of Students
Authors: BULUT Ahsen Seda
Published: May 2021

The goal of this study is to examine the mathematics learning approaches and metacognitive awareness of 6th, 7th and 8th grade students with regard to some variables. This is a quantitative study conducted in a survey model. In the 2018-2019 academic year, the working group was secondary school students in the public schools in Central Anatolia region 6.7.8. It consists of 330 (166 girls, 164 boys) students studying at the grade level. As the data collection tools, Göktepe-Yıldız and Özdemir’s (2018) “Mathematics Learning Approach Scale”, which was originally developed by Schraw and Dennison (1994); The Metacognitional Awareness Inventory developed by Akın, Abacı and Çetin (2007) was utilized. According to the empirical findings, for sixth, seventh, and eighth grade students, scores for deep and strategic learning approaches are above the medium level, whereas scores for surface approach is below the medium level. In addition, it has been determined that mathematics learning approaches differ significantly according to gender, grade level and mathematics achievement. As a consequence of the analysis, it was seen that students' levels of metacognitive awareness were high. The levels of metacognitive awareness did not differ by gender, but differed significantly by grade level and mathematics achievement. In addition, while there exists a positive and statistically significant relationship between deep learning and strategic learning approaches and metacognitive awareness no statistically significant relationship was found between the surface learning approach and the metacognitive awareness.
Tissue Nuclei Isolation and Glutaraldehyde Fixation for sci RNA-Seq v1
Authors: Fraser Read David , Trapnell Cole
Published: May 2021

This protocol details a method for isolating and fixing nuclei from primary tissue such that the resulting fixed nuclei are compatible with sci RNA-Seq. A protocol.io page at (https://www.protocols.io/view/sci-rna-seq3-9yih7ue) goes over the sci RNA-Seq workflow. However, the method for nuclei preparation in that protocol does not yield usable nuclei when applied to many primary tissues. The protocol here would replace previous nuclei preparation workflows for some tissues.
Trusted Control Systems
Authors: Kalyaev I. A. , Melnik E. V.
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, the problem of ensuring security of systems with a critical mission has become particularly relevant. An increased opportunity for unauthorized exposure on such systems via hardware, software and communication networks is the main reason to discuss this problem. It is confirmed by a plenty of accidents when equipment is out of order by means of malicious embedded elements and viruses. Currently, in the Russian Federation the majority of control systems are based on foreign hardware and software platforms, including strategic enterprises and objects with a critical mission. Herewith, the proportion of foreign microelectronic components in such systems is more than 85 %. The article is devoted to the development of scientific basis and techniques of the assurance assessment to control systems of objects with a critical mission. It was shown, that assurance assessment to a control system is a broader index than its reliability and fault tolerance. Such index must integrate various evidences and approvals, which can be objective, based on physical and mathematical assurance assessment methods, as well as they can be subjective, based on the experts experience. A method of assurance assessment to a control system of objects with a critical mission, based on Shortliffe’s scheme, was proposed in this paper. The Shortliffe’s scheme is used in the theories of fuzzy logic for assurance assessment to a hypothesis on the basis of various evidences and statements. An important advantage of a Shortliffe’s scheme is the set of evidences, which can be broadened and augmented (for instance, on the basis of obtained experience). It allows us to clarify a certainty factor. The assessment methods of truth degree of terminal statements of various types, including those, which require the combination of objective and subjective methods of their truth degree assessment, are proposed. The proposed assurance assessment method for national development and creation standards of control systems of objects with a critical mission allows to significantly increase their functional security.
THE IMPACT OF CARBON REGULATION MECHANISMS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Balashov M. M.
Published: May 2021

The European Commission is currently preparing to implement a new form of carbon regulation a cross-border carbon tax. As conceived by the authors, such a decision will force exporters of goods with a significant amount of greenhouse gas emissions during production to improve the environmental friendliness of production and, as a result, to reduce their carbon footprint. In addition, the carbon tax will create a competitive advantage for foreign companies with low greenhouse gas emissions. Such a policy of the European Union can seriously affect the economy of the Russian Federation and Russian companies that are export-oriented. Today, all over the world, more and more importance is attached to environmentally neutral technologies and industries. To keep up with the global trend, as well as to maintain the level of competitiveness, the Russian economy needs to adapt. The speed and efficiency of adaptation directly depend on system solutions both at the state level (development of the necessary regulatory legal acts and standards for reporting and disclosure of information) and at the level of enterprises most sensitive to carbon regulation (audit of the carbon footprint, modernization of production facilities, responsible approach to neutralization carbon footprint). The purpose of this work is to study the impact of carbon regulation mechanisms on the development of industry in the Russian Federation, in accordance with it, the following tasks are formed: to describe the mechanisms of carbon regulation, to assess the economic impact on the domestic industry, to consider world practices of confirming the carbon footprint, to identify threats to implementation of the national program “International cooperation and export” from the introduction of carbon regulation.
RISK ASSESSMENT FOR VIOLATION OF ANTI-TRUST LEGISLATION BY STATE EXECUTIVE AUTHORITIES
Authors: Androsova A. B. , Orlova O. N. , Furta S. D.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with a problem of building an anti-trust compliance system in state executive authorities from the point of view of contemporary risk management. The authors expound a well-known instrument based on the bow-tie diagram construction which successfully helps to develop effective measures to prevent violation of anti-trust legislation cases by state executive authorities. They also give some numeric results of statistical modelling of anti-trust legislation violation risks by state executive authorities by means of the Monte-Carlo method.
IMPLEMENTING “SUSTAINABILITY-BY-DESIGN” APPROACH IN ORGANIZATIONS BY USING AN EXTENDED RISK INDICATORS SYSTEM FOR MAKING STRATEGIC DECISIONS
Authors: Sachenko L. A.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this article is to identify possible approaches to the development of the “sustainability-by-design” process, which consists in synchronizing the organization's strategy with the trends of sustainable development. For this purpose, a process of “sustainability-by-design” is proposed on the basis of the “safety-by-design” process applied in practice. As a key link in the process, it is proposed to use a system of sustainability indicators, supplemented by indicators of risk and resilience. To strengthen the adaptive capacity of companies in the field of sustainable development, the process of building “sustainability-by-design” is complemented by the inclusion of democratic procedures through structured stakeholder participation. As a result, the proposed process combines a rigid structure of values and goals with a “soft setup” in the form of democratic procedures. This will allow companies not only to reduce the uncertainties inherent to the pacing problem, but also to create an environment for the promotion of the most effective alternatives to the development of companies in the field of sustainability.
Sh-Sy5y hücre hattında sodyum bütiratın bazı alternatif kırpılma genleri ve BACE1 izoformları üzeindeki etkisi
Authors: AKSOY Gülsevinç , LÜLEYAP Ümit , EVYAPAN Gülşah , PAZARCI Perçin , ALPTEKİN Davut , PAZARBAŞI Ayfer , YILMAZ Mehmet Bertan
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, bir Histon Deasetilaz (HDAC) inhibitörü olan Sodyum Bütirat’ın(NaB) BACE1/501, BACE1/457 ve BACE1/432 gibi BACE1 izoformları ve hnRNP H, U2AF35, U2AF65, SRSF1, SRSF2, SRSF5 ve SRSF6 alternatif kırpılma faktörleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, SH-SY5Y hücreleri 1 mM ve 5 mM Na Bile muamele edilmiştir. Daha sonra BACE1 izoformları ve alternative kırpılma genlerinin ekspresyonlarındaki değişimleri değerlendirmek için Real-Time PCR yöntemi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: 5 mM NaB konsantrasyonunda SRSF6, SRSF1, SRSF2, SRSF5 ve U2AF65 genlerinin ekspresyonlarında %35’ten %80’e kadar görece bir azalma olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca 5 Mm NaB BACE1/501, BACE1/457 ve BACE1/432 izoformlarının ekspresyonunu artırmıştır. NaB konsantrasyonu arttıkça, SRSF5 geninin ekspresyonu diğerlerinden daha fazla azalmıştır.

Sonuç: Bulgularımızdan yola çıkılarak, U2AF65 ve SRSF6 genlerinin BACE1/457 ve BACE1/432 izoformlarının artışına diğer genlerden daha fazla katkı sağladığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Validity and reliability of Turkish version of the Recent Physical Activity Questionnaire
Authors: DEMİRCİOĞLU Arzu , DAĞ Osman , ÖZKAL Özden
Published: May 2021

Purpose:  Physical inactivity is an important determinant of chronic disease such as obesity, cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer. Therefore, evaluation of physical activity becomes more important day by day. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the validity, reliability and Turkish version of The Recent Physical Activity Questionnaire (RPAQ) in healthy population.

Materials and Methods: A total of 192 adults were included in the study. Standard "forward-backward" procedure used in translation of RPAQ. International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form (IPAQ-LF) was used as the gold standard for the validity of RPAQ. It was re-adminestered on 50 participants one week interval for reliability of RPAQ analysis.

Results: 122 (63.5%) were women, 70 (36.5%) were men of participants, and their mean age was 34.469.45 years. There was a high correlation between total score of IPAQ-LF and RPAQ (r: 0.747, p
Influence of Kinako Manufacturing Process on the Isoflavone Profile
Authors: Silva Letícia Cardoso , Benedetti Silvia , Bonifácio da Silva Josemeyre
Published: May 2021

As formas agliconas das isoflavonas de soja são os principais compostos bioativos associados à promoção da saúde. Durante o processamento térmico para produção de alimentos de soja ocorrem alterações no nível e no perfil das isoflavonas, porém, a estabilidade térmica e a interconversão desses compostos não foram totalmente esclarecidas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos de diferentes tempos e temperaturas durante o preparo da farinha integral de soja torrada (kinako) na interconversão das formas de glicosídicas das isoflavonas em agliconas. Os grãos da cultivar de soja BRS 267 foram submetidos a diferentes tempos (10, 15 e 20 min) e temperaturas (180, 210 e 240 °C) seguindo um Delineamento Composto Central (DCC) 22. Em seguida, os grãos foram moídos e desengordurados para à extração e quantificação das diferentes formas de isoflavonas por Cromatografia Líquida de Ultra Alta Eficiência (CLUAE). O efeito do tempo e da temperatura durante a obtenção do kinako sobre o teor de β-glicosídeos e malonilglicosídeos foi negativo e linear e sobre os níveis de agliconas foi significativamente negativo e quadrático. A farinha de soja integral torrada ou kinako preparada a 210 °C por 15 min tem um maior teor de genisteína.

 

Palavras chaves: Farinha de Soja Torrada. Tratamento Térmico. Genisteína.

 

Abstract

The soy aglycone isoflavone forms are major bioactive compounds associated with the promotion health. During thermal processing for production of soyfoods occur change the level and profile of isoflavones, but thermal stability and interconversion of these compounds have not been fully clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the different times and temperatures effects during the preparation of whole roasted soybean flour (kinako) on the interconversion of glucoside isoflavones forms into aglycones. The grains of the soybean cultivar BRS 267 were subjected to different times (10, 15 and 20 min) and temperatures (180, 210 and 240 °C) following a Central Composite Design (DCC) 22. After, the grains were ground and defatted to extraction and quantification of the different forms of isoflavones by ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). The effect of time and temperature during obtained of the kinako on the β-glucosides and malonylglucosides content was significant negative and linear and on the aglycones levels was significant negative and quadratic. Whole roasted soybean flour or kinako prepare at 210 °C for 15 min has a the higher genistein content.

 

Keywords: Roasted Soybean Flour. Thermal Treatment. Genistein.
Qualidade de Água do Rio Cuiabá no Perímetro Urbano da Capital Mato-Grossense
Authors: Arruda Jorge Luiz de , Marques Ana Carolina Amorim , Borges Pinto Junior Osvaldo
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise do índice e dos parâmetros de qualidade de água no perímetro urbano do rio Cuiabá - MT, considerando uma variação temporal (período úmido e seco) e espacial (montante - jusante) no ano de 2015. Os resultados mostraram que maiores valores de turbidez, sólidos totais, oxigênio dissolvido, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio e coliformes totais foram obtidos no período úmido e que os maiores valores de pH, nitrogênio/nitrato e fósforo/fosfato ocorreram no período seco. O Índice de Qualidade de Água (IQA) foi maior no período seco em função de menores valores sólidos em suspensão, turbidez e coliformes totais. A análise da água da região perimetral ao rio Cuiabá demonstrou diferenças significativas entre os pontos mais a montante (Sucuri) em relação aos pontos a jusante (Porto e Caís) em ambos os períodos. Nesse sentido, o IQA foi menor nos pontos mais a jusante (Porto, Caís e Comunidade São Gonçalo Beira Rio) que nos pontos mais a montante (Sucuri e Ribeirão do Lipa). Os parâmetros estudados atendem a normatização da Resolução Conama 357/2005, apesar das diferenças no IQA para os pontos amostrados entre os períodos sazonais.

 

Palavras-chave: Efluente. Índice de Qualidade. Valoração Ambiental.

 

Abstract

This work presents an analysis of the index and water quality parameters in the urban perimeter of  Cuiabá - MT, considering a temporal (rainy and dry period) and spatial (downstream) variation in the year 2015. Higher turbidity values, total dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand and total coliforms were obtained in the rainy season, while higher values ​​of pH, nitrogen / nitrate and phosphorus / phosphate occurred in the dry period.  IQA was higher in the dry period due to lower suspended solids, turbidity and total coliforms. The water analysis from the perimeter region to the Cuiabá river showed significant differences between the points upstream (Sucuri) in relation to the downstream points (Porto and Caís) in both periods. In this sense, the IQA was smaller in the points downstream (Porto, Caís and Comunidade São Gonçalo Beira Rio) than in the most upstream points (Sucuri and Ribeirao do Lipa). The studied parameters comply with the normalization of Conama Resolution 357/2005, despite the differences in the IQA for the points sampled between the seasonal periods.

 

Keywords: Effluent. Quality Index. Environmental Valuation.
Protetor Esportivo para Pacientes Ortodônticos: Importância e Técnica de Manufatura
Authors: Scarsi Luciana Sayuri Shida , Gialain Ivan Onone
Published: May 2021

O trauma orofacial esportivo em pacientes ortodônticos fixos poderá implicar em lesões com diferentes graus de severidade, reversíveis e irreversíveis, podendo acometer tanto tecidos bucais moles quanto duros. As lesões, normalmente, ocorrem pelo contato destes tecidos com o agente traumatizante e pelo próprio contato do aparelho com os tecidos intrabucais. Portanto, em pacientes sob tratamento ortodôntico com aparelho fixo, a recomendação do uso do protetor bucal deve ser enfatizada, pois, em casos extremos, pode ocorrer também a perda parcial ou total de elementos dentais. O protetor bucal pode ser definido como um dispositivo recomendado para a proteção das estruturas orais de pacientes durante a prática de atividade esportiva. Dependendo da atividade esportiva, como nos esportes de contato, há obrigatoriedade estabelecida por federações e confederações para o seu uso como equipamento de proteção individual. O presente trabalho apresenta o passo a passo de uma técnica simples e de baixo custo para a confecção de um protetor bucal personalizado, através da modificação da técnica convencional, promovendo um alívio durante a moldagem, o que permite o uso confortável e seguro em pacientes ortodônticos. Além disso, o presente artigo reforça a importância do dentista em prescrever e conscientizar, tanto o atleta profissional quanto o amador, no uso deste dispositivo preventivo, que pode ser confeccionado em uma sessão, evitando possíveis prejuízos bucais e resguardando o paciente de danos físicos, psicológicos, sociais e financeiros.
 
Palavras-chave: Protetor Bucal. Esporte. Ortodontia.
 
Abstract
Sports orofacial trauma in fixed orthodontic patients may result in different degrees of severity, reversible and irreversible injuries, in soft and hard oral tissues, by their contact with the traumatizing agent and by the device contact with intraoral tissues. Therefore, in these conditions, the recommendation for the use of mouthguards should be emphasized because, in extreme cases, partial or total loss of dental elements may also occur. The mouthguard can be described as a device with the purpose to avoid injuries to patients’ oral structures during the practice of sports activity. Depending on the sporting activity, as in contact sports, the use as personal protective equipment is imposed by federations and confederations. The objective of this article is to present the step by step of a simple and low-cost technique for the confection of a personalized mouth guard, through the conventional technique modification, creating a relief during molding, which allows the comfortable and safe use in orthodontic patients. In addition, this article aims to reinforce the dentist’s importance in prescribing and raising awareness, both professional and amateur athletes, in the use of this preventive device that can be made in one session, avoiding possible oral damage and also protecting the patient from psychological, social and financial injuries.  
 
Keywords: Mouthguard. Sport. Orthodontics.