bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Updating the Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) Core Domain Set: A Report from the PsA Workshop at OMERACT 2016
Authors: Orbai Ana-Maria , de Wit Maarten , Mease Philip J. , Callis Duffin Kristina , Elmamoun Musaab , Tillett William , Campbell Willemina , FitzGerald Oliver , Gladman Dafna D. , Goel Niti , Gossec Laure , Hoejgaard Pil , Leung Ying Ying , Lindsay Chris , Strand Vibeke , van der Heijde Désirée M. , Shea Bev , Christensen Robin , Coates Laura , Eder Lihi , McHugh Neil , Kalyoncu Umut , Steinkoenig Ingrid , Ogdie Alexis
Published: February 2017

Objective.

To include the patient perspective in accordance with the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Filter 2.0 in the updated Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) Core Domain Set for randomized controlled trials (RCT) and longitudinal observational studies (LOS).

Methods.

At OMERACT 2016, research conducted to update the PsA Core Domain Set was presented and discussed in breakout groups. The updated PsA Core Domain Set was voted on and endorsed by OMERACT participants.

Results.

We conducted a systematic literature review of domains measured in PsA RCT and LOS, and identified 24 domains. We conducted 24 focus groups with 130 patients from 7 countries representing 5 continents to identify patient domains. We achieved consensus through 2 rounds of separate surveys with 50 patients and 75 physicians, and a nominal group technique meeting with 12 patients and 12 physicians. We conducted a workshop and breakout groups at OMERACT 2016 in which findings were presented and discussed. The updated PsA Core Domain Set endorsed with 90% agreement by OMERACT 2016 participants included musculoskeletal disease activity, skin disease activity, fatigue, pain, patient’s global assessment, physical function, health-related quality of life, and systemic inflammation, which were recommended for all RCT and LOS. These were important, but not required in all RCT and LOS: economic cost, emotional well-being, participation, and structural damage. Independence, sleep, stiffness, and treatment burden were on the research agenda.

Conclusion.

The updated PsA Core Domain Set was endorsed at OMERACT 2016. Next steps for the PsA working group include evaluation of PsA outcome measures and development of a PsA Core Outcome Measurement Set.
La maison dans l’expérience migratoire : la dualité des jeunes Roms entre insertion sociale et communauté
Authors: Peyroux Olivier
Published: February 2017

Si, dans le contexte migratoire des mineurs roms vivant en bidonville, le concept de maison prend un sens et une fonction différents que celui observé dans la société majoritaire, il ne doit pas être interprété comme le produit d’une culture incapable de s’adapter à nos sociétés. Le rejet que les Roms migrants subissent, les difficultés d’accès au logement et à l’emploi donnent aux pratiques communautaires un rôle prépondérant dans la construction de l’estime de soi.
Fonction soignante de la rupture de répétition
Authors: Bossière Marie-Claude
Published: February 2017

La répétition existe de façon constructive dès le début de la vie du nouveau-né, et probablement en deçà, support de l’activité psychique. Mais elle peut s’installer de façon pathologique et nécessite alors chez les soignants une volonté de sortir d’une répétition qui en miroir peut provoquer sidération et attentisme. Cet article illustre à travers la clinique d’un groupe mère-enfant les enjeux du développement et les petites transformations qui aident à la reprise des processus de vie.
Feasibility and Utility of Online Dementia Care Training for Hospital Staff: The CARES
®
Dementia-Friendly Hospital
™
Program
Authors: Hobday John V. , Gaugler Joseph E. , Mittelman Mary S.
Published: February 2017

The current project tested the feasibility and utility of the CARES® Dementia-Friendly Hospital™ (CDFH) program, a 4-module, online training program for nursing assistants (NAs) and allied hospital workers (AHWs) who provide care to individuals with dementia. A single group pretest/posttest design was used for 25 hospital NAs/AHWs, and quantitative and qualitative data were collected to determine whether NAs'/AHWs' knowledge of hospital-based dementia care significantly increased, and if CDFH was perceived as useful and acceptable. Dementia care knowledge increased significantly (
p
< 0.001). Open- and closed-ended data suggested that the delivery of online training to NAs/AHWs to enhance dementia care is feasible, useful, and efficient. Ongoing gaps in care exist for individuals with dementia in hospitals, and delivering robust training for NAs/AHWs may serve as an effective modality to enhance quality of dementia care in such settings.

[Res Gerontol Nurs. 2017; 10(2):58–65.]
An Examination of the Relationship Between Social Casino Gaming and Gambling: The Bad, The Ugly, and The Good
Authors: Wohl Michael J.A. , Salmon Melissa M. , Hollingshead Samantha J. , Kim Hyoun S.
Published: February 2017

Social casino games (i.e., free-to-play online gambling-themed games) are now ubiquitous on social network platforms such as Facebook. Their popularity and similarity to gambling games has raised concern that, among other things, social casino games will normalize gambling behaviour, which may contribute to gambling participation and to a rise in the rate of disordered gambling (see Gainsbury, Hing, Delfabbro, & King, 2014; Kim, Wohl, Salmon, Gupta, & Derevensky, 2015; Parke, Wardle, Rigbye, & Parke, 2013). Herein, we review theory and research that address potentially bad (migration to gambling) and ugly (increased rate of problem gambling) consequences of social casino gaming. We also outline the limits and boundaries of this presupposition. Specifically, we outline contexts in which social casino games may yield positive consequences when played, including the use of such games as a proxy for gambling among disordered gamblers. Drawing on these discussions, we offer a path model for gambling behaviour that places social casino gaming at its core. Although we, like others, present some pessimism regarding the outcome of social casino game play, this paper points to situations and motivations that may yield positive effects.Les jeux de casino sociaux (à savoir, les jeux de hasard gratuits en ligne) se retrouvent maintenant sur les plateformes de réseaux sociaux comme Facebook. Leur popularité et leur ressemblance avec les jeux d’argent soulèvent des inquiétudes que les jeux de casino sociaux aient entre autres pour effet de normaliser les comportements de jeu, lesquels peuvent contribuer à une participation aux jeux de hasard et à une augmentation du taux de jeu compulsif (voir Gainsbury, Hing, Delfabbro, et King, 2014; Kim, Wohl, Salmon, Gupta, et Derevensky, 2015; Parke, Wardle, Rigbye, et Parke, 2013). Dans le présent article, nous analyserons la théorie et les travaux de recherche qui traitent des conséquences potentiellement néfastes (engouement pour les jeux d’argent) et horribles (augmentation du taux du jeu compulsif) des jeux de casino sociaux. Nous définissons également les limites de cette affirmation. Plus particulièrement, nous présentons une vue d’ensemble des contextes dans lesquels les jeux de casino sociaux peuvent avoir des conséquences positives lorsqu’on s’y adonne, notamment l’utilisation chez les joueurs pathologiques de ces jeux comme substitut pour les jeux de hasard. En nous inspirant de cette analyse, nous proposons un modèle de cheminement pour les comportements de jeu où les jeux de casino sociaux occupent la place centrale. Bien que nous soyons un peu pessimistes, et nous ne sommes pas les seuls, en ce qui a trait aux répercussions des jeux de casino sociaux, cet article cite des situations et des motivations qui peuvent amener des effets positifs.
Cohetes de agua. La parte divertida de las Leyes de Newton
Authors: Roca Vicent Manuel , Gumbau Gil María Ángeles , Sanchis Campreciós Irene
Published: February 2017

El estudio del movimiento de los cohetes se ha hecho servir durante décadas para estimular a los alumnos en el estudio de la Física.  Este sistema presenta un indudable interés para introducir conceptos como: propiedades de los gases, leyes de Newton, intercambio entre diferentes tipos de energía y su conservación o mecánica de fluidos.  Nuestro trabajo ha consistido en construir y lanzar estos cohetes en diferentes niveles educativos y en cada uno de estos hemos introducido la parte de la Física que más se adecuaba a los conocimientos de los alumnos. El objetivo de la experiencia didáctica es lanzar el cohete lo más lejos posible y prever la distancia que recorrerá, mediante la utilización de las leyes de Newton y la mecánica de fluidos.  Tras la experimentación demostramos ser capaces de controlar los parámetros que mejoran el funcionamiento de nuestro cohete, tales como el factor de llenado, el volumen y la masa de la botella vacía, densidad del líquido, ángulo de lanzamiento, la presión de aire previa al lanzamiento. Además, es una experiencia divertida que se puede acoplar a todos los niveles educativos en primaria, secundaria y bachillerato.
El Museo Escolar de Ciencia y la Tecnología como proyecto de Aprendizaje-Servicio
Authors: Pastor Pérez José Tomás
Published: February 2017

El departamento Científico Tecnológico del Centro de Formación de Personas Adultas (CFPA) Mercé Rodoreda de Elche (Alicante), para mejorar la calidad del servicio formativo que ofrece, ha desarrollado un nuevo modelo de proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje: El Museo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (MuCyT). Este modelo incluye una orientación de aprendizaje-servicio que amplía los beneficios de esta propuesta más allá de los límites del aula. Para el curso 2016/17 se han diseñado nuevas actividades que mejoran dicha orientación. El modelo diseñado utiliza la Formación Basada en Proyectos como principal método y las “prácticas internas” como modalidad organizativa. El resultado del trabajo realizado ha permitido situar, durante los últimos años, al departamento Científico Tecnológico como referente en la mejora de la calidad educativa del centro y la introducción de competencias.
Assessment of Coronal Leakage of Temporary Restorations in Root Canal-treated Teeth: An in vitro Study
Authors: Nagpal Ajay , Srivastava Pankaj K , Setya Gaurav , Chaudhary Alankrita , Dhanker Kuldeep
Published: February 2017

Introduction

Coronal leakage is one of the constant concerns in routine dental practice. It is one of the factors responsible for the failure of root canal therapy. Permanent restorations should be given as soon as possible after the completion of root canal therapy. If unavoidable, provisional restoration should be given in such a way that it maximally reduced the leakage of microorganisms and fluids from the external environment into the canal space. Hence, we evaluated the effect of saliva on the coronal leakage of temporary restorations.

Materials and methods

Biomechanical preparation of the root canals of 204 fresh mandibular first premolar teeth was done using endodontic files with intermittent irrigation of sodium hypochlorite solution and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Alternate irrigation with normal saline was done periodically. After preparation, drying of the canals was done using paper points followed by sealing of the apical foramen. For the assessment of the microleakage, Siqueira et al apparatus and method was used. All the specimens were divided into four groups based on the provisional restorative material used. All the groups were further divided into three subgroups based on the presence and absence of intracanal medicaments. Verissimo et al's criteria were used to check the turbidity at 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-week interval respectively. All the results were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Chi-square test was used to measure the level of significance, and p < 0.05 was considered to be significant.

Results

In group I, all the subgroups’ specimens showed significant difference at 1 week's time. Only the subgroup with no intracanal medicaments in Cavit-containing provisional restoration showed nonsignificant alterations. Statistically significant alterations were seen at 1, 2, and 3 weeks’ interval in all the subgroups except for one with intracanal medicaments.

Conclusion

All the temporary restorative materials were not able to prevent microleakage after 1 week's time, with worst bacterial resistance shown by Ketac Molar and ionomer restorative material. Future studies are advocated for better prognosis of root canal therapy.

How to cite this article

Srivastava PK, Nagpal A, Setya G, Kumar S, Chaudhary A, Dhanker K. Assessment of Coronal Leakage of Temporary Restorations in Root Canal-treated Teeth: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):126-130.
Self-tapping Intermaxillary Fixation Screw: An Alternative to Arch Bar
Authors: Barodiya Animesh , Thukral Rishi , Agrawal SM , Chouhan Anil S , Singh Sidharth , Loksh Yogesh
Published: February 2017

Introduction

The use of intermaxillary fixation (IMF) in the treatment of faciomaxillary fractures is the key factor for reduction and immobilization. Various techniques of IMF have been described in the past and recently IMF screws have been introduced. This technique has various advantages, including ease of use, less time consumption, less trauma to the surrounding soft tissues, and relatively reduced risk of needle stick injury. This study evaluates the efficacy of IMF screws over arch bar IMF before definitive fixation of facial fractures.

Materials and methods

This study is a randomized clinical study. Study population consists of 20 patients with mandibular fractures requiring IMF with open reduction and reported to Department of Oral Surgery, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India between September 2012 and April 2015. Two groups were formed with 10 patients in each group. In the first group, IMF was achieved using the Erich's arch bar and wires. In the second group, IMF was achieved using self-tapping IMF screw. The patients were assessed for various parameters, such as the time required in minutes for the IMF stability of fixation, postoperative occlusion, postoperative pain, periodontal health, oral hygiene, and incidence of needle stick injury.

Results

All the cases had stable IMF in both groups. At the end of 14th day, overall oral hygiene was poor in group I and good in group II, significant statistically (p = 0.031). Iatrogenic injury to tooth was absent in group I and present in 1 case in group II, not significant statistically (p = 0.305). Average time taken for the IMF in group I was 74.9 minutes, with the range of 58 to 88 minutes, and in group II was 16.1 minutes, with the range of 11 to 22 minutes, which is highly significant statistically (p = 0.001). Needle stick injuries were taken as positive if glove perforation was present and these were reported in four cases in group I, whereas in group II, no case had incidence of needle stick injuries, which shows significant statistically (p = 0.025).

Conclusion

After this study, we can conclude that IMF selftapping screw is a proven useful technique of IMF. Intermaxillary fixation is a safe and less time-consuming method but with various shortcomings and complications, which the surgeon must be aware of while providing treatment.

Clinical significance:

How to cite this article

Barodiya A, Thukral R, Agrawal SM, Chouhan AS, Singh S, Loksh Y. Self-tapping Intermaxillary Fixation Screw: An Alternative to Arch Bar. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):147-151.
Arbitragem no Direito Tributário Internacional e no Direito Internacional dos Investimentos: uma manifestação do Direito Transnacional
Authors: Gabriel Vivian Daniele Rocha
Published: February 2017

O artigo visa a analisar as áreas do Direito Tributário Internacional e do Direito Internacional dos Investimentos, bem como os meios de solução de controvérsias aplicados, como manifestações do Direito Transnacional, uma vez que em ambos há a proeminência de entes privados que circulam além de seu mero território nacional e que podem, potencialmente, influenciar as ordens jurídicas domésticas. Partindo desse pressuposto, o objetivo do artigo é também examinar o funcionamento do mecanismo arbitral de resolução de litígios nessas duas esferas do direito e como se dá seu acesso, pelo que se efetuará uma comparação entre as duas sistemáticas e realçando, quando houver, suas similaridades e a necessidade de mudanças, e qual é a posição brasileira a respeito. A metodologia empregada manifesta-se como teórica, bibliográfica, descritiva e exploratória. Em conclusão, pode-se afirmar que, tanto no Direito Tributário Internacional quanto no Direito dos Investimentos, ambas modalidades de Direito Transnacional, deve haver o acesso direto do particular ao mecanismo arbitral, que perseguirá diretamente seus interesses sem que haja o entreposto estatal. O artigo se mostra original, devido à existência de poucas análises jurídicas recentes que trazem à baila estes dois âmbitos do Direito Internacional como partes integrantes de um Direito Transnacional, além de comparar seu sistema de solução de controvérsias.
Os benefícios tributários do programa Inovar-Auto e os princípios da Nação Mais Favorecida e do Tratamento Nacional: uma análise dos argumentos dos Painéis atualmente em curso contra o Brasil no Órgão de Solução de Controvérsias da OMC.
Authors: Castro e Silva Eric Moraes
Published: February 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é confrontar os princípios da nação mais favorecida e do tratamento nacional com os incentivos tributários brasileiros concedidos pelo Governo Federal pelo programa Inovar-Auto, que compõe o plano governamental denominado “Brasil Maior”, atualmente objeto de Painéis perante o Órgão de Solução de Controvérsias (OSC) da Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC) propostos pela União Europeia e pelo Japão. Para tanto, serão analisados os incentivos tributários contestados, confrontando-os com os dispositivos do GATT e a respectiva jurisprudência do OSC formada em prévias disputas tributárias baseadas naqueles dois princípios que são invocados pela União Europeia e pelo Japão contra o Brasil. O trabalho conclui pela provável procedência dos Painéis, isto é, que os incentivos tributários do Inovar-Auto ofendem os princípios da nação mais favorecida e do tratamento nacional.
Precedentes vinculantes nos Estados Unidos da América e no Direito Brasileiro: um estudo comparado
Authors: Perrone Campos Mello Patrícia
Published: February 2017

O artigo desenvolve uma análise comparada sobre o significado e o modo de operar com precedentes judiciais no direito norte-americano (pertencente à família do common law) e no direito brasileiro (de origem romano-germânica), com o propósito de identificar categorias e institutos que auxiliem a compreensão da prática brasileira, a partir de um país com tradição nessa matéria. Com esse objetivo, três aspectos essenciais da operação com precedentes foram analisados e confrontados: (i) o conteúdo vinculante dos precedentes em cada sistema; (ii) o processo colegiado de decisão das cortes constitucionais; e (iii) a diferenciação entre ratio decidendi e obiter dictum. O exame dessas categorias revela que não há perfeita correspondência entre os binding precedents norte-americanos e os precedentes vinculantes brasileiros. O próprio significado de precedente vinculante, no Brasil, encontra-se, ainda, substancialmente indeterminado. Há discussão sobre a eficácia vinculante da ratio decidendi, não se diferencia com precisão ratio decidendi de obiter dictum e o processo decisório da corte constitucional não contribui para o esclarecimento desses elementos. A indeterminação constitui uma ameaça à efetividade da força normativa dos precedentes e indica a necessidade de aperfeiçoamentos institucionais do Judiciário brasileiro e, sobretudo, de um sistema de formação e de incentivos para que os magistrados adiram à prática.
O controle penal do tráfico de pessoas: construção jurídica, interações organizacionais e cooperação internacional
Authors: Vieira Priscilla Brito Silva , Machado Bruno Amaral
Published: February 2017

A partir de breve descrição da evolução histórica da criminalização do tráfico internacional de pessoas, o artigo aborda a definição de tráfico de seres humanos segundo o Protocolo de Palermo e a legislação brasileira. Sob a perspectiva organizacional, são analisados os mecanismos de controle penal e de cooperação internacional contra o tráfico de seres humanos. Algumas dificuldades foram identificadas nas interações intra e interorganizacionais que revelam alguns dos desafios enfrentados nas políticas de combate ao tráfico internacional de pessoas. O controle penal no enfrentamento ao tráfico de pessoas é enfocado a partir das diferentes organizações que participam da divisão do trabalho jurídicopenal.
A definição jurídica da comunidade
Authors: Monebhurrun Nitish , Lucas Cardoso Balbino Michelle , Castelo Branco Araujo Fernanda , Pantoja Othon , Bogo Bruno Maíra , Dettenborn Nóbrega Cândida
Published: February 2017

Esse trabalho, fruto de uma pesquisa efetuada no âmbito do Grupo de Pesquisa “Novas tendências do Direito Internacional”, busca sintetizar os elementos de definição jurídica do conceito de “comunidade”. Para saber quais comunidades devem ser previamente consultadas, por exemplo, em casos de obras públicas ou privadas, a definição da comunidade deve ser sabida. A prática revela, entrementes, que os textos jurídicas e a jurisprudência, seja no plano nacional brasileiro ou na esfera internacional, não permitem traçar facilmente uma definição técnica. Esse trabalho de pesquisa elencou os parâmetros de definição no âmbito nacional e internacional ao categorizá-los de forma de a poder propor um método para identificar tecnicamente (e mais facilmente) uma comunidade. Para tanto, foram estudados os textos normativos no nível federal, estatal e internacional; da mesma forma, a jurisprudência nacional — federal e estatal foi perscrutada junto com a jurisprudência internacional. Com base disso, o trabalho oferece um guia para facilitar a identificação de uma comunidade.
Environmental conditions for alternative tree-cover states in high latitudes
Authors: Abis Beniamino , Brovkin Victor
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Previous analysis of the vegetation cover from remote sensing revealed the existence of three alternative modes in the frequency distribution of boreal tree cover: a sparsely vegetated treeless state, an open woodland state, and a forest state. Identifying which are the regions subject to multimodality, and assessing which are the main factors underlying their existence, is important to project future change of natural vegetation cover and its effect on climate.We study the link between the tree-cover fraction distribution and eight globally observed environmental factors: mean annual rainfall, mean minimum temperature, growing degree days above 0 °C, permafrost distribution, mean spring soil moisture, wildfire occurrence frequency, soil texture, and mean thawing depth. Through the use of generalised additive models, conditional histograms, and phase-space analysis, we find that environmental conditions exert a strong control over the tree-cover distribution, uniquely determining its state among the three dominant modes in  ∼  95 % of the cases. Additionally, we find that the link between individual environmental variables and tree cover is different within the four boreal regions considered here, namely eastern North Eurasia, western North Eurasia, eastern North America, and western North America. Furthermore, using a classification based on rainfall, minimum temperatures, permafrost distribution, soil moisture, wildfire frequency, and soil texture, we show the location of areas with potentially alternative tree-cover states under the same environmental conditions in the boreal region. These areas, although encompassing a minor fraction of the boreal area ( ∼  5 %), correspond to possible transition zones with a reduced resilience to disturbances. Hence, they are of interest for a more detailed analysis of land–atmosphere interactions.
The relationship between organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and Human Resources Empowerment (HRE) Case study: university of Isfahan (Iran)
Authors: Naderi Nahid , Hoveida Reza
Published: February 2017

This research attempts to present an approach for achieving the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and human resource empowerment (HRE) among staff at University of Isfahan. Statistical population of the study was all of the staff in administrative – financial, education-cultural, and research sectors at University of Isfahan. Among them statistical sample was selected randomly. Research method was descriptive – correlative and data was collected using two questionnaires: psychological empowerment and organizational citizenship behavior. Mentioned questionnaires had content validity and their reliability was .88 and .86 respectively that were calculated through Choronbachُs Alpha. Findings showed that there was a positive and significant relation between total psychological empowerment and organizational citizenship behavior.There was a relation between impact and meaning with organizational citizenship behavior. Also, there showed a significant relation between first pair of focal variables including competence with linear combine all of organizational citizenship behavior variables.
Successful Workplace Learning: Moderating Effect of Organizational Culture
Authors: Daryoush Younes , Silong Abu Daud , Omar Zohara , Othman Jamilah
Published: February 2017

A main point of this study was that successful workplace learning is depended on workplace environment and its relationship with job performance will be improved in certain organizational culture values and practices. We hypothesized that the relationship between formal, informal and incidental workplace learning with task and contextual performance would be higher in result-oriented cultures. These two hypotheses were supported. We further hypothesized and found support that workplace learning and task performance relationships are stronger in combined outcome- and innovation-oriented cultures. Our results indicate that these two cultural values complement each other in facilitating positive outcomes for workplace learning.
Statistical Model Representing Workers Turnover Problem in Third Developing Countries: Jordanian Industrial Sector
Authors: Jadayil Wisam M. Abu , Mohsen Mousa S. , Bashir Adnan Al-
Published: February 2017

Jordan as one example of Middle Eastern countries suffers from the problem of workers turnover. This paper analyzed this issue numerically and by building a statistical model to find out the main reasons causing this problem as a first step towards the right solution. Five main categories for workers turnover were studied and investigated. The salary, the working environment, the helpfulness and corporation of the management, the worker psychological state and relationships with surrounding environment, and the services provided by the employer to the employee. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the main reason for turnover in industrial cities is the salary.
Comparison of admission random glucose, fasting glucose, and glycated hemoglobin in predicting the neurological outcome of acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective study
Authors: Sung Jia-Ying , Chen Chin-I , Hsieh Yi-Chen , Chen Yih-Ru , Wu Hsin-Chiao , Chan Lung , Hu Chaur-Jong , Hu Han-Hwa , Chiou Hung-Yi , Chi Nai-Fang
Published: February 2017

Background

Hyperglycemia is a known predictor of negative outcomes in stroke. Several glycemic measures, including admission random glucose, fasting glucose, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), have been associated with bad neurological outcomes in acute ischemic stroke, particularly in nondiabetic patients. However, the predictive power of these glycemic measures is yet to be investigated.

Methods

This retrospective study enrolled 484 patients with acute ischemic stroke from January 2009 to March 2013, and complete records of initial stroke severity, neurological outcomes at three months, and glycemic measures were evaluated. We examined the predictive power of admission random glucose, fasting glucose, and HbA1c for neurological outcomes in acute ischemic stroke. Furthermore, subgroup analyses of nondiabetic patients and patients with diabetes were performed separately.

Results

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that admission random glucose and fasting glucose were significant predictors of poor neurological outcomes, whereas HbA1c was not (areas under the ROC curve (AUCs): admission random glucose = 0.564,p= 0.026; fasting glucose = 0.598,p= 0.001; HbA1c = 0.510,p= 0.742). Subgroup analyses of nondiabetic patients and those with diabetes revealed that only fasting glucose predicts neurological outcomes in patients with diabetes, and the AUCs of these three glycemic measures did not differ between the two groups. A multivariate logistic regression analysis of the study patients indicated that only age, initial stroke severity, and fasting glucose were independent predictors of poor neurological outcomes, whereas admission random glucose and HbA1c were not (adjusted odds ratio: admission random glucose = 1.002,p= 0.228; fasting glucose = 1.005,p= 0.039; HbA1c = 1.160,p= 0.076). Furthermore, subgroup multivariate logistic regression analyses of nondiabetic patients and those with diabetes indicated that none of the three glycemic measures were associated with poor neurological outcomes.

Discussion

Fasting glucose is an independent predictor of poor neurological outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke and had greater predictive power than that of admission random glucose and HbA1c. The predictive power of glycemic measures for poor neurological outcomes did not differ significantly between the nondiabetic patients and those with diabetes.
The biogeochemistry of cobalt in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Dulaquais Gabriel , Planquette Hélène , L'Helguen Stéphane , Rijkenberg Micha J. A. , Boye Marie
Published: February 2017

The soluble (sCo < 0.02 µm), dissolved (DCo < 0.2 µm), colloidal (cCo, as DCo minus sCo), and the particulate (pCo > 0.2 µm) fractions of cobalt were investigated along the GEOTRACES‐A04 section. Our results show that sCo was the predominant form (90%) of the DCo in the Mediterranean Sea and that cCo and pCo generally followed the same distribution, suggesting a biogeochemical link between these two fractions. In the Mediterranean Sea, DCo displayed an overall scavenged‐like profile in the different sub‐basins, with high concentrations (up to 350 pM) in surface and quasi‐uniformed low concentrations of DCo (~45 pM) in the deep sea. However, the decoupling between the surface and the deep reservoirs suggested that the transfer of Co from dissolved to particulate pools during the sink of particles may not be the only process governing DCo distribution. High‐surface Co inputs, stabilization of DCo in a soluble form, and the extremely high regeneration rate of biogenic pCo all lead to the accumulation of DCo in surface. Conversely, low pCo export from the surface waters, low remineralization of biogenic pCo, and slow but efficient removal of DCo by scavenging including colloid aggregation into particles prevented its accumulation in the intermediate and deep sea. Moreover, Mediterranean circulation prevented the exchanges between the DCo‐rich surface and the DCo‐poor deep layers enhancing the scavenged‐like profile of DCo. Finally, tentative DCo budgets were balanced at basin scale and showed the strong imprint of the surface inputs at Gibraltar Strait on the Mediterranean cobalt biogeochemistry.
The relative contribution of waves, tides, and nontidal residuals to extreme total water levels on U.S. West Coast sandy beaches
Authors: Serafin Katherine A. , Ruggiero Peter , Stockdon Hilary F.
Published: February 2017

To better understand how individual processes combine to cause flooding and erosion events, we investigate the relative contribution of tides, waves, and nontidal residuals to extreme total water levels (TWLs) at the shoreline of U.S. West Coast sandy beaches. Extreme TWLs, defined as the observed annual maximum event and the simulated 100 year return level event, peak in Washington, and are on average larger in Washington and Oregon than in California. The relative contribution of wave‐induced and still water levels (SWL) to the 100 year TWL event is similar to that of the annual maximum event; however, the contribution of storm surge to the SWL doubles across events. Understanding the regional variability of TWLs will lead to a better understanding of how sea level rise, changes in storminess, and possible changes in the frequency of major El Niños may impact future coastal flooding and erosion along the U.S. West Coast and elsewhere.
Sound velocity and density of magnesiowüstites: Implications for ultralow‐velocity zone topography
Authors: Wicks June K. , Jackson Jennifer M. , Sturhahn Wolfgang , Zhang Dongzhou
Published: February 2017

We explore the effect of Mg/Fe substitution on the sound velocities of iron‐rich (Mg1 − xFex)O, where x = 0.84, 0.94, and 1.0. Sound velocities were determined using nuclear resonance inelastic X‐ray scattering as a function of pressure, approaching those of the lowermost mantle. The systematics of cation substitution in the Fe‐rich limit has the potential to play an important role in the interpretation of seismic observations of the core‐mantle boundary. By determining a relationship between sound velocity, density, and composition of (Mg,Fe)O, this study explores the potential constraints on ultralow‐velocity zones at the core‐mantle boundary.
Gyre‐scale deep convection in the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean during winter 2014–2015
Authors: Piron A. , Thierry V. , Mercier H. , Caniaux G.
Published: January 2017

Using Argo floats, we show that a major deep convective activity occurred simultaneously in the Labrador Sea (LAB), south of Cape Farewell (SCF), and the Irminger Sea (IRM) during winter 2014–2015. Convection was driven by exceptional heat loss to the atmosphere (up to 50% higher than the climatological mean). This is the first observation of deep convection over such a widespread area. Mixed layer depths exceptionally reached 1700 m in SCF and 1400 m in IRM. The deep thermocline density gradient limited the mixed layer deepening in the Labrador Sea to 1800 m. Potential densities of deep waters were similar in the three basins (27.73–27.74 kg m−3) but warmer by 0.3°C and saltier by 0.04 in IRM than in LAB and SCF, meaning that each basin formed locally its own deep water. The cold anomaly that developed recently in the North Atlantic Ocean favored and was enhanced by this exceptional convection.
Scaling oxygen microprofiles at the sediment interface of deep stratified waters
Authors: Schwefel Robert , Hondzo Miki , Wüest Alfred , Bouffard Damien
Published: January 2017

Dissolved oxygen microprofiles at the sediment‐water interface of Lake Geneva were measured concurrently with velocities 0.25 to 2 m above the sediment. The measurements and scaling analyses indicate dissolved oxygen fluctuations and turbulent fluxes in exceedance of molecular diffusion in the proximity of the sediment‐water interface. The measurements allowed the parameterization of the turbulent diffusion as a function of the dimensionless height above the sediment and the turbulence above the sediment‐water interface. Turbulent diffusion depended strongly on the friction velocity and differed from formulations reported in the literature that are based on concepts of turbulent and developed wall‐bounded flows. The dissolved oxygen microprofiles and proposed parameterization of turbulent diffusion enable a foundation for the similarity scaling of oxygen microprofiles in proximity to the sediment. The proposed scaling allows the estimation of diffusive boundary layer thickness, oxygen flux, and oxygen microprofile distribution in the near‐sediment boundary layer.
Intraslab rupture triggering megathrust rupture coseismically in the 17 December 2016 Solomon Islands Mw 7.9 earthquake
Authors: Lay Thorne , Ye Lingling , Ammon Charles J. , Kanamori Hiroo
Published: January 2017

The 17 December 2016 Solomon Islands earthquake (Mw 7.9) initiated ~103 km deep in the subducting Solomon Sea slab near the junction of the Solomon Islands and New Britain trenches. Most aftershocks are located near the Solomon Islands plate boundary megathrust west of Bougainville, where previous large interplate thrust faulting earthquakes occurred in 1995 (Mw 7.7) and 1971 (Mw 8.0). Teleseismic body wave modeling and aftershock relocations indicate that the initial 30 s of the 2016 rupture occurred over depths of 90 to 120 km on an intraslab fault dipping ~30° to the southwest, almost perpendicular to the dipping slab interface. The next 50 s of rupture took place at depths of 32 to 47 km in the deeper (Domain C) portion of the overlying megathrust fault dipping ~35° to the northeast. High susceptibility to triggering in the region accounts for this compound rupture of two separate fault planes.
MiR‐29a‐3p suppresses cell proliferation in laryngocarcinoma by targeting prominin 1
Authors: Su Jili , Lu Eryong , Lu Lijuan , Zhang Chao
Published: January 2017

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to play a regulatory role in various cancers including laryngocarcinoma. MiR‐29a‐3p is a potential tumor‐suppressive miRNA, but its function in laryngocarcinoma is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of miR‐29a‐3p in laryngocarcinoma. Prominin1 (PROM1) was predicted as a target gene of miR‐29a‐3p and this was verified using a luciferase reporter assay. Transfection of miR‐29a‐3p into two laryngocarcinoma cell lines indicated that miR‐29a‐3p could decrease cell proliferation and enhance the chemotherapy response by targeting PROM1. PROM1 expression was up‐regulated in the laryngocarcinoma cells when miR‐29a‐3p was down‐regulated. We found miR‐29a‐3p expression levels were lower in laryngocarcinoma tissues than in control tissues. We also found that miR‐29a‐3p expression was negatively correlated with PROM1 expression in laryngocarcinoma tissues. The study demonstrates that miR‐29a‐3p suppresses cell proliferation in laryngocarcinoma by targeting PROM1.
Top Interface Engineering of Flexible Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors by Splitting Active Layer
Authors: Lee Suhui , Shin Jiyeong , Jang Jin
Published: February 2017

The effect of active layer (amorphous indium–gallium–zinc oxide, a‐IGZO) splitting on the performances of back‐channel‐etched (BCE) and etch‐stopper (ES) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) on polyimide substrate is studied. While the performance of BCE TFT is independent of active layer splitting, the performance of ES TFT is improved significantly by splitting the active layer into 2–4 µm width along the channel. The saturation mobility is enhanced from 24.3 to 76.8 cm2 V−1 s−1 and this improvement is confirmed by the operation of a ring oscillator made of the split TFTs also. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of the split a‐IGZO indicates the incorporation of F at the island interface and thus improves the top interface quality, leading to a significant improvement of the top channel TFT mobility from 0.25 to 24.22 cm2 V−1 s−1. This improvement is correlated with bonding of In with F at the top interface according to XPS results. The bias stability, hysteresis, and mechanical stability of the ES a‐IGZO TFT are also remarkably improved by splitting a‐IGZO active layer.
Compatibilization of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate)–poly(lactic acid) blends with diisocyanates
Authors: González‐Ausejo Jennifer , Sánchez‐Safont Estefania , Lagarón José Maria , Balart Rafael , Cabedo Luis , Gámez‐Pérez José
Published: February 2017

Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) was blended with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with various reactive processing agents to decrease its brittleness and enhance its processability. Three diisocyanates, namely, hexamethylene diisocyanate, poly(hexamethylene diisocyanate), and 1,4‐phenylene diisocyanate, were used as compatibilizing agents. The morphology, thermomechanical properties, and rheological behavior were investigated with scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing, dynamomechanical thermal analysis in torsion mode (dynamic mechanical analysis), and oscillatory rheometry with a parallel‐plate setup. The presence of the diisocyanates resulted in an enhanced polymer blend compatibility; this led to an improvement in the overall mechanical performance but did not affect the thermal stability of the system. A slight reduction in the PHBV crystallinity was observed with the incorporation of the diisocyanates. The addition of diisocyanates to the PHBV–PLA blend resulted in a notable increase in the final complex viscosity at low frequencies when compared with the same system without compatibilizers. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44806.
Liquid‐crystalline and photo‐induced properties of P4VP quaternized with bromo derivative of dialkyloxy‐phenyleneazobenzene groups
Authors: de Santiago‐Solís Christyan , Rodríguez‐González Rosa Julia , Larios‐López Leticia , Torres‐Rocha Olga Lidia , Felix‐Serrano Isaura , Martínez‐Ponce Geminiano , Navarro‐Rodríguez Dámaso
Published: February 2017

Poly(4‐vinylpyridine) was partially (20% and 50%) and fully (100%) quaternized with a bromo‐terminated 4,4′‐dialkyloxy‐substituted cyanophenyleneazobenzene group (Azo‐Br). The resulting liquid crystal azopolymers were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) to determine their thermotropic behavior. They showed only a smectic phase that extends over a broad temperature range. The smectic period was found to correspond to a double layer stacking where the pendant groups (mesogens) are partially interpenetrated. On the other hand, the azopolymers were irradiated (UV‐vis wavelengths) to induce trans‐to‐cis conversion (photoisomerization), molecular alignment (birefringence), and mass migration (surface relief gratings). Results showed the lowest trans‐to‐cis photo conversion for the polymer with the highest content (100%) of chromophore units, and it was simply attributed to constrains arising from their close packing. On the contrary, this polymer showed the highest birefringence value suggesting a coordinated motion of the tightly held chromophore units at the smectic domains, as it was indeed reported for other photo‐active liquid crystal azopolymers. Finally, surface relief gratings, having a sinusoidal profile with regular periodicity, were registered. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44819.
Performance evaluation and antifouling analyses of cellulose acetate/nanodiamond nanocomposite membranes in water treatment
Authors: Etemadi Habib , Yegani Reza , Babaeipour Valiollah
Published: February 2017

In this study, nanocomposite membranes based on cellulose acetate (CA) and nanodiamond (ND) were prepared by applying phase inversion methods. In order to achieve efficient dispersion and more hydrophilic NDs, they were functionalized via heat treatment (ND‐COOH). The prepared nanocomposite membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), contact angle, porosity measurement, tensile strength, and abrasion resistance techniques. Furthermore, the governing fouling mechanisms were determined by using classic models as well as combined fouling models. Moreover, the effect of precoagulation with polyaluminum chloride (PAC) on the humic acid (HA) filtration was investigated. The obtained results showed that in the presence of ND‐COOH, the abrasion resistance of nanocomposite CA membrane was three times higher than that of pristine CA membrane. Besides, the nanocomposite membranes with 0.5 wt % of raw and functionalized ND exhibited excellent hydrophilicity and PWF. The analysis of fouling mechanism based on Hermia's model revealed that the cake formation is prevailing mechanism for CA and CA/ND (0.5 wt %) membranes while for CA/ND‐COOH (0.5 wt %) membrane, experimental results are fitted by combined cake filtration‐complete blocking (CFCB) model. It confirms that pretreatment with PAC can significantly mitigate fouling and improve HA removal. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44873.
Development of an Efficient G‐Quadruplex‐Stabilised Thrombin‐Binding Aptamer Containing a Three‐Carbon Spacer Molecule
Authors: Aaldering Lukas J. , Poongavanam Vasanthanathan , Langkjær Niels , Murugan N. Arul , Jørgensen Per Trolle , Wengel Jesper , Veedu Rakesh N.
Published: February 2017

The thrombin‐binding aptamer (TBA), which shows anticoagulant properties, is one of the most studied G‐quadruplex‐forming aptamers. In this study, we investigated the impact of different chemical modifications such as a three‐carbon spacer (spacer‐C3), unlocked nucleic acid (UNA) and 3′‐amino‐modified UNA (amino‐UNA) on the structural dynamics and stability of TBA. All three modifications were incorporated at three different loop positions (T3, T7, T12) of the TBA G‐quadruplex structure to result in a series of TBA variants and their stability was studied by thermal denaturation; folding was studied by circular dichroism spectroscopy and thrombin clotting time. The results showed that spacer‐C3 introduction at the T7 loop position (TBA‐SP7) significantly improved stability and thrombin clotting time while maintaining a similar binding affinity as TBA to thrombin. Detailed molecular modelling experiments provided novel insights into the experimental observations, further supporting the efficacy of TBA‐SP7. The results of this study could provide valuable information for future designs of TBA analogues with superior thrombin inhibition properties.
Potential role of tracing stem cell transplantation and effects on the immune cell function of ferumoxytol combining with heparin and protamine in vivo/in vitro
Authors: Zhao Jingyuan , Guan Xin , Liu Yang , Piao Hua , Liu Rutao , Zhou Xiang , Sun Bo , Du Yue , Liu Jing
Published: February 2017

Cell labeling and tracing have played an increasingly important role in the field of stem cell transplantation. Nanocomplexes combining three Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved drugs: heparin (H), protamine (P), and ferumoxytol (F) (HPF nanocomplexes) display high labeling efficiency in human adipose tissue‐derived stem cells (hADSCs), but their biological safety has not been determined. In this study, we tested the labeling efficiency of HPF in hADSCs through in vitro cytotoxicity studies and in vivo murine preclinical studies using HPF‐labeled hADSCs. The labeling process did not cause cell apoptosis and had little effect on cell proliferation. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that the HPF‐labeled cells produced a hypointense signal that did not affect liver and kidney functions. However, after injection of HPF‐labeled cells into mice, lymphocyte transformation testing showed that T and B lymphocyte proliferation was significantly increased. These findings suggest that extensive safety testing of HPF nanocomplexes is necessary; the process to evaluate HPF as an investigative new drug application could therefore be postponed.
Total Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of Actinoranone
Authors: Guo Yi‐an , Zhao Meng , Xu Zhengshuang , Ye Tao
Published: February 2017

The total synthesis of four actinoranone stereoisomers led to unambiguous assignment of relative and absolute stereochemistry of the natural product. Key features of the convergent, fully stereocontrolled route include the use of a Negishi carbozirconation/iodination, a Friedel–Crafts cyclization, a Felkin‐controlled addition reaction, a Mitsunobu reaction, and a late‐stage C−H oxidation.