bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Recombinant Thermostable Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Vaccine Express Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) Multiple Epitopes for Protecting against IBV and NDV Challenges
Authors: Tan Lei , Wen Guoyuan , Yuan Yanmei , Huang Meizhen , Sun Yingjie , Liao Ying , Song Cuiping , Liu Weiwei , Shi Yonghong , Shao Huabin , Qiu Xusheng , Ding Chan
Published: October 2020

Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are two highly contagious diseases that severely threaten the poultry industry. The goal of this study is to prevent these two diseases and reduce the vaccine costs during storage and transportation. In this study, we design a thermostable recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) candidate live vaccine strain designated as rLS-T-HN-T/B, which expresses the multiple epitope cassette of the identified infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) (S-T/B). The rLS-T-HN-T/B strain was found to possess similar growth kinetics, passage stability, morphological characteristics, and virulence to the parental LaSota strain. After incubation at 56 °C at the indicated time points, the rLS-T-HN-T/B strain was determined by the hemagglutination (HA), and 50% embryo infectious dose (EID50) assays demonstrated that it accords with the criteria for thermostability. The thermostable rLS-T-HN-T/B and parental LaSota vaccines were stored at 25 °C for 16 days prior to immunizing the one-day-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicks. Three weeks postimmunization, the virus challenge results suggested that the chicks vaccinated with the rLS-T-HN-T/B vaccine were protected by 100% and 90% against a lethal dose of NDV and IBV, respectively. Furthermore, the trachea ciliary activity assay indicated that the mean ciliostasis score of the chicks vaccinated with thermostable rLS-T-HN-T/B vaccine was significantly superior to that of the LaSota and PBS groups (p < 0.05). The rLS-T-HN-T/B vaccine stored at 25 °C for 16 days remained capable of eliciting the immune responses and protecting against IBV and NDV challenges. However, the same storage conditions had a great impact on the parental LaSota strain vaccinated chicks, and the NDV challenge protection ratio was only 20%. We conclude that the thermostable rLS-T-HN-T/B strain is a hopeful bivalent candidate vaccine to control both IB and ND and provides an alternative strategy for the development of cost-effective vaccines for village chickens, especially in the rural areas of developing countries.
Using the Past to Maximize the Success Probability of Future Anti-Viral Vaccines
Authors: Serwer Philip
Published: October 2020

Rapid obtaining of safe, effective, anti-viral vaccines has recently risen to the top of the international agenda. To maximize the success probability of future anti-viral vaccines, the anti-viral vaccines successful in the past are summarized here by virus type and vaccine type. The primary focus is on viruses with both single-stranded RNA genomes and a membrane envelope, given the pandemic past of influenza viruses and coronaviruses. The following conclusion is reached, assuming that success of future strategies is positively correlated with strategies successful in the past. The primary strategy, especially for emerging pandemic viruses, should be development of vaccine antigens that are live-attenuated viruses; the secondary strategy should be development of vaccine antigens that are inactivated virus particles. Support for this conclusion comes from the complexity of immune systems. These conclusions imply the need for a revision in current strategic planning.
The Combination of Molecular Adjuvant CCL35.2 and DNA Vaccine Significantly Enhances the Immune Protection of Carassius auratus gibelio against CyHV-2 Infection
Authors: Huo Xingchen , Fan Chengjian , Ai Taoshan , Su Jianguo
Published: October 2020

Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) infection results in huge economic losses in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) industry. In this study, we first constructed recombinant plasmids pcORF25 and pcCCL35.2 as DNA vaccine and molecular adjuvant against CyHV-2, respectively, and confirmed that both recombinant plasmids could be effectively expressed in vitro and in vivo. Then, the vaccination and infection experiments (n = 50) were set as seven groups. The survival rate (70%) in ORF25/CCL35.2 group was highest. The highest specific antibody levels were found in ORF25/CCL35.2 group in major immune tissues by qRT-PCR, and confirmed in serum by ELISA assay, antibody neutralization titer, and serum incubation-infection experiments. Three crucial innate immune indices, namely C3 content, lysozyme, and total superoxide dismutase (TSOD) activities, were highest in ORF25/CCL35.2 group in serum. pcORF25/pcCCL35.2 can effectively up-regulate mRNA expressions of some important immune genes (IL-1β, IL-2, IFN-γ2, and viperin), and significantly suppress CyHV-2 replication in head kidney and spleen tissues. The minimal tissue lesions can be seen in ORF25/CCL35.2 group in gill, spleen, and trunk kidney tissues by histopathological examination. The results indicated that the combination of DNA vaccine pcORF25 and molecular adjuvant pcCCL35.2 is an effective method against CyHV-2 infection, suggesting a feasible strategy for the control of fish viral diseases.
Combination of Innate Immune Modulators as Vaccine Adjuvants in Mice
Authors: Haddadi Azita , Chaffey Alyssa , Ng Siew Hon , Yalamati Damayanthi , Wilson Heather L.
Published: October 2020

The development of new, effective, and safe vaccines necessarily requires the identification of new adjuvant(s) to enhance the potency and longevity of antigen-specific immune responses. In the present study, we compare the antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses within groups of mice vaccinated subcutaneously with ovalbumin (OVA; as an experimental antigen) plus polyphosphazene (an innate immune modulator), Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly-I:C; (an RNA mimetic) and glycopeptide ARC5 (which is a Toll-like receptor (TLR), TLR2 ligand and PAM3CSK4 analogue) formulated together in a soluble vaccine. We also investigated the effect of a polymeric nanoparticle of ARC4 and ARC7 (which are a novel muramyl dipeptide analogue and a monophosophoryl lipid A (MPLA) analogue, respectively) plus OVA +/− ARC5 as a subcutaneous vaccine in mice. OVA+ARC4/ARC7 nanoparticle +/− ARC5 triggered a robust and balanced Th1/Th2-type humoral response with significant anti-OVA IgA in serum, and significant interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-17 production in splenocytes after 35 days relative to the controls. Formulation of OVA with ARC4/ARC7 nanoparticles should be investigated for inducing protective immunity against infectious pathogens in mice and other species.
Genetic Co-Administration of Soluble PD-1 Ectodomains Modifies Immune Responses against Influenza A Virus Induced by DNA Vaccination
Authors: Tannig Pierre , Peter Antonia Sophia , Lapuente Dennis , Klessing Stephan , Schmidt Anna , Damm Dominik , Tenbusch Matthias , Überla Klaus , Temchura Vladimir
Published: October 2020

Due to the low efficacy and the need for seasonal adaptation of currently licensed influenza A vaccines, the importance of alternative vaccination strategies is increasingly recognized. Considering that DNA vaccines can be rapidly manufactured and readily adapted with novel antigen sequences, genetic vaccination is a promising immunization platform. However, the applicability of different genetic adjuvants to this approach still represents a complex challenge. Immune checkpoints are a class of molecules involved in adaptive immune responses and germinal center reactions. In this study, we immunized mice by intramuscular electroporation with a DNA-vaccine encoding hemagglutinin (HA) and nucleoprotein (NP) of the influenza A virus. The DNA-vaccine was applied either alone or in combination with genetic adjuvants encoding the soluble ectodomains of programmed cell death protein-1 (sPD-1) or its ligand (sPD-L1). Co-administration of genetic checkpoint adjuvants did not significantly alter immune responses against NP. In contrast, sPD-1 co-electroporation elevated HA-specific CD4+ T cell responses, decreased regulatory CD4+ T cell pools, and modulated the IgG2a-biased HA antibody pattern towards an isotype-balanced IgG response with a trend to higher influenza neutralization in vitro. Taken together, our data demonstrate that a genetic DNA-adjuvant encoding soluble ectodomains of sPD-1 was able to modulate immune responses induced by a co-administered influenza DNA vaccine.
Co-Administration of Aluminium Hydroxide Nanoparticles and Protective Antigen Domain 4 Encapsulated Non-Ionic Surfactant Vesicles Show Enhanced Immune Response and Superior Protection against Anthrax
Authors: Gogoi Himanshu , Mani Rajesh , Malik Anshu , Sehrawat Parveen , Bhatnagar Rakesh
Published: October 2020

Aluminium salts have been the adjuvant of choice in more than 100 licensed vaccines. Here, we have studied the synergistic effect of aluminium hydroxide nanoparticles (AH np) and non-ionic surfactant-based vesicles (NISV) in modulating the immune response against protective antigen domain 4 (D4) of Bacillus anthracis. NISV was prepared from Span 60 and cholesterol, while AH np was prepared from aluminium chloride and sodium hydroxide. AH np was co-administered with NISV encapsulating D4 (NISV-D4) to formulate AHnp/NISV-D4. The antigen-specific immune response of AHnp/NISV-D4 was compared with that of commercial alhydrogel (alhy) co-administered with NISV-D4 (alhydrogel/NISV-D4), NISV-D4, AHnp/D4, and alhydrogel/D4. Co-administration of NISV-D4 with AH np greatly improved the D4-specific antibody titer as compared to the control groups. Based on IgG isotyping and ex vivo cytokine analysis, AHnp/NISV-D4 generated a balanced Th1/Th2 response. Furthermore, AH np/NISV-D4 showed superior protection against anthrax spore challenge in comparison to other groups. Thus, we demonstrate the possibility of developing a novel combinatorial nanoformulation capable of augmenting both humoral and cellular response, paving the way for adjuvant research.
Humoral Immune Response of Thai Dogs after Oral Vaccination against Rabies with the SPBN GASGAS Vaccine Strain
Authors: Leelahapongsathon Kansuda , Kasemsuwan Suwicha , Pinyopummintr Tanu , Boodde Orawan , Phawaphutayanchai Parinya , Aiyara Nirut , Bobe Katharina , Vos Ad , Friedrichs Virginia , Müller Thomas , Freuling Conrad M. , Chanachai Karoon
Published: October 2020

Applied research is crucial in pushing the boundaries and finding a solution to the age-old problem of dog-mediated rabies. Although oral vaccination of dogs is considered to have great potential in mass dog vaccination campaigns and could have far-reaching benefits, it is perhaps the most ignored of all available tools in efforts to eliminate dog-mediated rabies, not least because of limited data on immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of potential oral rabies vaccine candidates. In this study, the long-term immunogenicity in local Thai dogs after oral administration of the highly attenuated 3rd generation rabies virus vaccine strain SPBN GASGAS was assessed. The oral rabies vaccine was administered to dogs by either direct oral administration (n = 10) or by offering a vaccine loaded intestine bait (n = 15). The humoral immune response was then compared to three groups of dogs; a group that received a parenteral delivered inactivated rabies vaccine (n = 10), a group offered a placebo intestine bait (n = 7), and a control group (n = 4) for an observation period of 365 days. There was no significant difference in the immune response of dogs that received oral and parenteral vaccine in terms of magnitude, kinetics, and persistence of both rabies virus (RABV) neutralizing (RFFIT) and binding (ELISA) antibodies. Although the single parenteral injection of an inactivated rabies vaccine mounted a slightly higher humoral immune response than the orally delivered live vaccine, RABV specific antibodies of both types were still detectable after one year in most animals for all treatment groups and resulted in no difference in seropositivity. Characterization of rabies specific antibodies revealed two main classes of antibodies involved in the immune response of dogs vaccinated. While IgM antibodies were the first to appear, the succeeding IgG response was mainly IgG2 dominated independent of the vaccine type used. The results support the view that SPBN GASGAS induces a sustained detectable immune response in local dogs both after direct oral administration and via bait application.
Adenoviral Vector-Based Vaccine Platforms for Developing the Next Generation of Influenza Vaccines
Authors: Sayedahmed Ekramy E. , Elkashif Ahmed , Alhashimi Marwa , Sambhara Suryaprakash , Mittal Suresh K.
Published: October 2020

Ever since the discovery of vaccines, many deadly diseases have been contained worldwide, ultimately culminating in the eradication of smallpox and polio, which represented significant medical achievements in human health. However, this does not account for the threat influenza poses on public health. The currently licensed seasonal influenza vaccines primarily confer excellent strain-specific protection. In addition to the seasonal influenza viruses, the emergence and spread of avian influenza pandemic viruses such as H5N1, H7N9, H7N7, and H9N2 to humans have highlighted the urgent need to adopt a new global preparedness for an influenza pandemic. It is vital to explore new strategies for the development of effective vaccines for pandemic and seasonal influenza viruses. The new vaccine approaches should provide durable and broad protection with the capability of large-scale vaccine production within a short time. The adenoviral (Ad) vector-based vaccine platform offers a robust egg-independent production system for manufacturing large numbers of influenza vaccines inexpensively in a short timeframe. In this review, we discuss the progress in the development of Ad vector-based influenza vaccines and their potential in designing a universal influenza vaccine.
Co-Produced Care in Veterinary Services: A Qualitative Study of UK Stakeholders’ Perspectives
Authors: Pyatt Alison Z. , Walley Keith , Wright Gillian H. , Bleach Emma C. L.
Published: October 2020

Changes in client behaviour and expectations, and a dynamic business landscape, amplify the already complex nature of veterinary and animal health service provision. Drawing on prior experiences, veterinary clients increasingly pursue enhanced involvement in services and have expectations of relationship-centred care. Co-production as a conceptualisation of reciprocity in service provision is a fundamental offering in the services sector, including human medicine, yet the role of co-production in veterinary services has been minimally explored. Utilising a service satisfaction framework, semi-structured interviews (n = 13) were completed with three veterinary stakeholder groups, veterinarians, allied animal health practitioners, and veterinary clients. Interview transcript data were subject to the qualitative data analysis techniques, thematic analysis and grounded theory, to explore relationship-centred care and subsequently conceptualise co-production service for the sector. Six latent dimensions of service were emergent, defined as: empathy, bespoke care, professional integrity, value for money, confident relationships, and accessibility. The dimensions strongly advocate wider sector adoption of a co-produced service, and a contextualised co-production framework is presented. Pragmatic challenges associated with integration of active veterinary clients in a practitioner–client partnership are evident. However, adopting a people-centric approach to veterinary services and partnerships with clients can confer the advantages of improved client satisfaction, enhanced treatment adherence and outcomes, and business sustainability.
New Approaches for Ecological and Social Sustainability in a Post-Pandemic World
Authors: Moriarty Patrick , Honnery Damon
Published: October 2020

Two vital challenges facing the world are global inequality and global climate change. Solutions to both these problems are urgently needed, but, given current policies, they can potentially conflict with each other. The United Nations has set 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be met by 2030. Even in 2019, the world was not on track for many SDGs, but the 2020 coronavirus pandemic has made their timely attainment even less likely. Similarly, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations have continued to rise, even in the first half of 2020. Clearly, present approaches to solving both problems are not working. This paper suggests several non-mainstream approaches that have the potential to address both challenges. A prerequisite is deep reductions in fossil fuel energy. Possible policies to achieve this include major cuts in air and car travel, shifts to a vegetarian diet, a global carbon tax and transitioning to some form of universal basic income.
The space economy: K.E. Tsiolkovsky’s space project and the task to develop a unified automated system and a unified economic model for managing space activities
Authors: Bodin N.B.
Published: October 2020

In 1926 K.E. Tsiolkovsky presented sixteen points of a long-term plan in his scientific work. They reflect his forty years of philosophic, scientific, practical, creative work, and reveal the strategic goal of «The Happiness of Mankind in the Universe», as well as fill the space project with the content. The project identifies stages, timeframe, resources and intermediate goals, it also foresees a number of events that have already occurred. K.E. Tsiolkovsky’s space project is considered to be a science-based target document for strategic planning, and the date it was officially published is presumed to be the beginning of the space age. The task to evaluate the feasibility of K.E. Tsiolkovsky's space project remains relevant. The first-ever space project has predetermined the development of life in space as well as a new sphere of human activity to be emerged that is space economy with the earth's global economy included. At the present stage, the space economy has acquired the features of the global economy and is involved in organizational and economic mechanisms to be evolved to meet public and private needs, the humanity’s needs. Therefore, the task of vital importance is to transfer space activities into the sphere of economy, business, and social life based on a widespread utilization (operation) of space production facilities, such as «space-based machines», «space workshop», «space plant» and «unique scientific space laboratory». The creation of optimal conditions and the effective management of space activities in Russia are considered with reference to developing a Unified Automated System for managing space activities and a possibility of using IT technologies and digital economy elements, so the task of developing a Unified Economic Model for managing space activities is relevant. The space economy is the only way to make the transition from limited resources on the Earth to limitless resources in the space in order to meet the humanity’s ever-growing needs as well as to do the systematic development of K.E. Tsiolkovsky's ideas.
Russia on Global Education Market
Authors: Teteryatnikov K.S. , Каmolov S.G. , Eliseeva P.V.
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to the current positioning of Russia on the world market of educational services. The authors reveal actual trends in the development of this market, describe ongoing Russian projects in this area, analyze existing problems of further development of Russian exports of educational services, and make well-substantiated conclusions and recommendations. Improving global competitiveness of Russian universities in the export of educational services should be approached to as one of the national importance tasks. At the same time, there is a need to consider the export of educational services not just as one of the directions of Russian educational system development, but holistically as a particular type of economic activity with all the consequences that follow — legislative, organizational, financial and tax.
Management technology: ontology, structure, content
Authors: Gerasimov B.N. , Gerasimov K.B.
Published: October 2020

There is an urgent need to determine the attributes and their relationships that determine the composition and content of technologies within the framework of management science. Control technologies are currently actively used at all levels of processes and objects in social and economic environments. Scientific literature and empirical research carried out by the authors in recent years have made it possible to consider the composition and interaction of technological processes in the field of management. A study of various attributes of management technologies and their interaction with other attributes of science and management practice has been carried out. The work presents the ontology of management science, which supports the research conducted by the authors and is focused on establishing the composition and content of all attributes of management science and the boundaries of their interaction in social and economic environments.
Aplikasi Pemberitahuan Penggajian dan Pemberian Rekomendasi Pinjaman dengan Metode SAW (Studi Kasus: Rutan Klas 1 Bandung)
Authors: Harani Nisa Hanum , Rahayu Woro Isti , Maulana Farhan
Published: October 2020

Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin maju membuat beberapa hal mulai ada campur tangan teknologi. Tidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa pada saat ini apapun harus berhubungan dengan teknologi karena efektif dan efisien. Salah satunya adalah proses penyebaran informasi yang sudah menggunakan internet untuk mempermudah kegiatan penyebaran tersebut. Pada salah satu instansi negara yaitu Rutan Klas 1 Bandung khususnya bagian keuangan, penyebaran informasi sangat dibutuhkan terutama pemberitahuan gaji melalui slip gaji yang masih manual dan menghabiskan penggunaan kertas serta tinta. Selain itu salah satu masalah lain adalah pemberian pinjaman pada pegawai yang tekadang angsuran pembayaran setiap bulan lebih besar dari gaji yang diterima, hal ini kurang telitinya pegawai keuangan dalam merekomendasikan daftar pinjaman. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut maka pembuatan aplikasi pengiriman slip gaji melalui email dan penerapan metode SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) pada pemberian rekomendasi terbaik untuk memilih pinjaman yang akan menghindarkan data dari human error. Maka setelah melakukan pengujian terhadap aplikasi, penyebaran informasi penggajian melalui email berjalan baik dan metode SAW yang digunakan pun memberikan rekomendasi terbaik dan menghilangkan data pinjaman yang tidak mungkin dipinjam oleh pegawai tersebut.
Penerapan Model Waterfall pada Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Pembayaran Upah Buruh Sadap Getah
Authors: Ramdhani L S , Luthfiyani A , Afriani Y
Published: October 2020

Sadap getah merupakan kegiatan memperoleh getah dengan teknik sayatan ½ spiral dari kiri atas ke kanan bawah. Kegiatan ini menjadi salah satu pilihan mata pencaharian masyarakat Indonesia karena Indonesia merupakan negara penghasil getah peringkat kedua di dunia. Perum Perhutani Divisi Regional Jawa Barat dan Banten merupakan unit kerja yang mengelola hutan dan mengelola pembayaran upah sadap getah. Sistem pembayaran upah yang digunakan Perum Perhutani masih dilakukan dengan cara konvensional yaitu mencatat daftar hadir, hasil panen, dan untuk laporan masih dilakukan dengan cara merekap data yang ada di catatan yang terdahulu sehingga memungkinkan pada saat proses berlangsung terjadi kesalahan dalam pencatatan dan laporan menjadi kurang akurat. Untuk itu dibutuhkan sebuah sistem yang mendukung pembayaran upah buruh sadap getah yang dapat memudahkan dalam sistem pembayaran. Maka pada penelitian ini akan dibangun sebuah sistem pembayaran upah sadap getah berbasis web dengan menerapkan model waterfall sehingga menjadi solusi dari permasalahan tersebut dan dapat memberikan kemudahan terhadap pelayanan sistem pembayatan upah sadap getah.
Induction and Donor Specific Antibodies in Low Immunologic Risk Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Bath Natalie M. , Djamali Arjang , Parajuli Sandesh , Mandelbrot Didier , Leverson Glen , Hidalgo Luis , Ellis Thomas , Descourouez Jillian L. , Jorgenson Margaret R. , Hager Dave , Kaufman Dixon B. , Redfield Robert R.
Published: October 2020

Background

Optimal induction for patients without pretransplant donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) is poorly defined. The goal of this study was to compare the incidence of de novo DSA (dnDSA) and graft outcomes between induction therapies in patients with a negative virtual crossmatch (VXM).

Methods

A retrospective chart review was performed, identifying 782 patients with a negative VXM who underwent kidney transplantation at a single, high-volume institution between January 2013 and May 2017. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to assess the incidence of dnDSA and allograft survival between induction therapies in this group. dnDSA is defined as the development of new post-transplant DSA, at any MFI level.

Results

Induction therapy included alemtuzumab (N=87, 11%), basiliximab (N=522, 67%), and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG; N=173, 22%). One-year graft survival was similar between groups (alemtuzumab, 100%; basiliximab, 98%; ATG, 99%). Incidence of acute rejection at 1 year was <2% and not different between the three groups. Alemtuzumab was associated with the highest incidence of dnDSA at 14%, compared with 5% and 8% in basiliximab and ATG groups, respectively, at 1 year (P=0.009). In multivariate regression analyses, alemtuzumab retained its significant association with a dnDSA HR of 2.5 (95% CI, 1.51 to 4.25; P=0.0004).

Conclusions

In summary, alemtuzumab was associated with a higher rate of dnDSA development in patients with a negative VXM; however, this finding was not associated with rejection or graft failure.
Fêmur Curto Congênito em Cão – Relato de Caso / Congenital Short Femur in Dog – Case Report
Authors: Pereira Tales Henrique Vertuan , Arduino Luís Rodolfo Rocha , Campos José Fernando Augusto de , Souza Maikon César Celestino de , Tartaglia Glenda Maris de Barros , Silva Luciana Carandina da
Published: October 2020

O fêmur curto é uma alteração que consiste em uma hipoplasia desse osso, e pode se tratar de uma alteração congênita (quando o indivíduo nasce com a mesma). Foi relatado o caso de um cão, fêmea, 4 anos de idade, da raça Pastor Belga, possuindo essa característica, bem como outras alterações em membro pélvico e região coxal, no lado esquerdo, notados ao exame radiográfico, e através do histórico do animal foi constatado tratar-se de um caso de fêmur curto congênito, que também afetava a mãe e todos os outros filhotes da mesma ninhada. Em cães há poucos relatos desse tipo de alteração. Em Medicina humana o uso de agentes teratogênicos durante a gestação pode estar associado a alterações genéticas e congênitas, bem como traumas, diabetes, e outros problemas podem também estar relacionados ao aparecimento dessa alteração.
Efeito do sistema de cultivo e arranjo de plantas de soja sobre a produtividade de cultivar adaptada ao ambiente de Terras Baixas de clima temperado / Effect of the cultivation system and spatial arrangement of soybean plants on the productivity of cultivar adapted to the environment of lowland areas
Authors: Aguila Lília Sichmann Heiffig del , Costa Vagner Scouto da , Vasques Shamily Rodrigues , Silva Sabrina Moncks da , Vieira Paola Acosta , Sinnemann Camila , Campos Alexssandra Dayane Soares de , Ávila Amanda Fiss , Leite Thalia Martins , Soares Vanessa de Avila , Alves Ana Carolina de Oliveira , Alves Bruna Regina Souza
Published: October 2020

Os planossolos das Terras Baixas do Rio Grande do Sul caracterizam-se por apresentar horizonte A superficial e horizonte B com capacidade de percolação muito baixa, o que provoca longos períodos de encharcamento após chuvas e prejudica o desenvolvimento e a produtividade da soja. Para evitar esses problemas, são necessários sistemas de drenagem adequados e o aprimoramento de sistemas de preparo do solo e de cultivo que proporcionem faixas mais secas na lavoura. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo determinar o arranjo espacial de plantas e o sistema de cultivo de soja mais adequado para as Terras Baixas do Rio Grande do Sul. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos na Estação Experimental Terras Baixas da Embrapa Clima Temperado, em Capão do Leão/RS. O primeiro deles (safra 2016/17) diferenciou o potencial produtivo de cultivares indicadas para terras baixas, sendo a cultivar BMX Icone RR a mais produtiva, com 4073 kg ha?1 de grãos enquanto outras 10 cultivares produziram em média 3021 kg ha?1. No segundo experimento (safra 2018/19), a cultivar BMX Icone foi adotada. Foram avaliados 2 manejos de solo (preparo convencional e preparo com sulco/camalhão) e 3 arranjos de plantas (230, 330 e 430 mil plantas ha?1). Foram avaliadas a altura de plantas; altura de inserção da primeira vagem; nº de ramificações da haste principal; peso de grãos; número de grãos e vagens por planta; e produtividade de grãos. O sulco-camalhão com 330 mil  plantas ha?1 com espaçamento entrelinhas 35 / 60 cm, propiciou melhor desempenho geral da cultura e melhor produtividade.
Estudo da capacidade de suporte de carga do rio Ressaca em relação ao lançamento de efluente de uma indústria alimentícia / Study of the load-bearing capacity of Ressaca river in relation to the release of a food industry effluent
Authors: Lange Marcela Valles , Escher Pricila Ader , Prado Marcelo Real
Published: October 2020

O presente trabalho foi aplicado ao Estudo de Capacidade de Suporte de Carga do corpo receptor Ressaca para assimilar o efluente gerado por uma indústria alimentícia situada na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba. Os parâmetros físico-químicos avaliados foram: pH, oxigênio dissolvido (OD), demanda química de oxigênio (DQO), demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO5) e  temperatura do efluente e do corpo receptor. Os dados obtidos foram utilizados para aplicação no Modelo Matemático de Qualidade da Água proposto pelos estudiosos Streeter e Phelps (1925) e também para a análise de atendimento à legislação vigente. Através da aplicação do modelo, foi verificado que o rio não pertence à classe estipulada pela resolução CONAMA 357 e que não está apresentando capacidade de autodepuração após o lançamento do efluente, mesmo este estando dentro dos padrões exigidos por legislação. Foram apontadas duas causas para o mesmo já possuir elevada concentração de matéria orgânica: provável ocorrência de lançamentos clandestinos e falta de saneamento na região à qual o estudo foi aplicado. Diante disso, foi destacada a necessidade de um novo e eficiente Plano de Gerenciamento da Bacia do Alto Iguaçu e também foram sugeridas melhorias na estação de tratamento de efluentes da indústria para redução da DBO do efluente tratado.
Checklist of Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) in the state of Minas Gerais (Southeastern Brazil) / Título em português: Lista dos Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) no estado de Minas Gerais (Sudeste do Brasil)
Authors: Maia Valéria Cid
Published: October 2020

The first checklist of gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in the state of Minas Gerais (MG) is presented based on literature review. Data on phytogeographic domains were added and the composition of the Cerrado fauna is compared to that of the Atlantic Forest. Gall midges on endemic and/or useful host plant species are pointed out. Botanical names were updated and a map of MG showing the recorded localities is presented. Forty-three gall midge species occur in the state, 42 are gall-inducers and one is a successor in galls. Cecidomyiids are associated with 35 plant species of 17 families. Among the hosts, 19 are useful and five are endemic. Asteraceae and Callophyllaceae harbor the highest number of gall midge species. Lopesia and Asphondylia are the best represented genera of Cecidomyiidae. Cerrado hosts 32 and Atlantic Forest 18 cecidomyiid species. Sorensen`s index indicates a similarity of 0.36 between these domains. The gall midge fauna of MG is compared to that of Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and Espírito Santo (ES) states, showing a similarity index of 0.30 with RJ and 0.21 with ES. As these states share other host plant species, the similarity between them can greater than those indicated here.
Reúso de águas evaporadas na produção de leite condensado, leite em pó e leite UHT por osmose inversa e adsorção / Reuse of evaporated water in the production of condensed milk, powdered milk and UHT milk by reverse osmosis and adsorption
Authors: Gamba Verônica , Brião Vandré , Borilli Leonardo , Miorando Taizi
Published: October 2020

Os processos de produção de laticínios são conhecidos por um grande consumo de água. No processo de produção de leite UHT, leite condensado e leite em pó é gerada uma grande quantidade de “águas evaporadas”. Essas águas possuem pequena carga orgânica (em torno de 40 mg/L de Demanda Química de Oxigênio – DQO) e outros compostos em pequenas quantidades, que impedem o reaproveitamento direto. Levando em conta o desenvolvimento sustentável e a escassez da água, surge a ideia de reaproveitar a água evaporada.  O objetivo do trabalho é obter uma água com qualidade para reúso através do processo de osmose inversa e adsorção e comparar análises físico-químicas com padrões de potabilidade, para um possível reaproveitamento desta água. Os resultados mostraram que a combinação de osmose inversa e carvão ativado removeram a matéria orgânica da água para 1 mg/L de O2, e o carvão ativado removeu odores residuais na água, possibilitando o seu reuso industrial.
Ensilagem de Alfafa Submetida ao Emurchecimento ou Enriquecida com Polpa Cítrica / Alfalfa Silage Submitted to Wilt or Enriched with Citrus Pulp
Authors: Gavioli Ivana Licia de Campos , Lima Josiane Aparecida de
Published: October 2020

Estudaram-se estratégias de emurchecimento e o uso de polpa cítrica para ensilagem da alfafa. Os tratamentos foram: adição de 10% de polpa de cítrica (T1), emurchecimento convencial (T2) e emurchecimento em leiras sobrepostas (T3). Os silos experimentais foram 24 baldes plásticos, hermeticamente fechados, pesados, armazenados em temperatura ambiente, protegidos da luz solar e das chuvas, durante 90 dias. O emurchecimento propiciou silagens com maior teor de MS, bem como maior teor de PB, em relação à utilização de 10% de polpa cítrica, que apresentou o menor valor para FDN e maior para DIVMS.
Kualitas semen beku kambing peranakan etawah pada permukaan nitrogen cair dengan jarak yang berbeda
Authors: Andryansyah Revy , Sumarsono Teguh , Hoesni Fachroerrozi , Rosadi Bayu
Published: October 2020

The  research was undertaken to study the effect of frozen semen distance from liquid nitrogen surface during handling on spermatozoa quality of PE goat. Thirty straws of PE goat frozen semen was allotted into six treatments i.e. T0 (control, straws submerged in liquid nitrogen), T1 to T5 based on distance of straws to liquid nitrogen surface were 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 cm. Variables measured were motility, viability, and abnormality of spermatozoas.  The results showed that PE goat frozen semen exposed in different distance to liquid nitrogen surface decreased (P<0.05) motily and viability of spermatozoas and had no effect (P>0.05) on abnormality of spermatozoas. The motily and viability was decreased in T4 and T5. In conlusion, exposing PE goat frozen semen from liquid nitrogen surface at 15 cm or less for 5 min maintain the quality of spermatozoas.
Efisiensi penggunaan protein oleh babi yang mendapat pakan mengandung tepung temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza)
Authors: Suryani Ninengah , Aryanta I Made Suaba
Published: October 2020

The aimed of this study was to determine the effect of Curcuma Xanthorrhiza meal 0%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% on the efficiency of protein use (protein consumption, protein intake, body weight gain and protein efficiency ratio (REP). Twelve castration male pigs aged 3 months with an average body weight of 33.8 kg (CV = 23%). This study used a randomized block design (RBD) with four treatments and three replications. The treatment diets namely: R0 (100% basal diet without curcumin meal), R1 (basal diet + 0.5% curcumin meal), R2 (basal diet + 0.75%  curcumin meal and R3 (basal deat + 1% curcumin meal). The results showed that the addition up to 1% had no significant effect on ration consumption, protein consumption, protein utilization and protein efficiency ratio (PER) (P <0.05). It was concluded that the addition up to 1% curcuma meal could not increased protein efficiency.

ABSTRAK

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek penambahan tepung temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) 0%, 0,5%, 0,75% dan 1% dalam ransum terhadap efisiensi penggunaan protein: konsumsi protein, asupan protein, pertambahan bobot badan dan rasio efisiensi protein (REP) ternak babi.  Dua belas ekor babi jantan kastrasi umur 3 bulan dengan bobot badan rata-rata 33,8 kg (CV=23%).  Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan.  Perlakuan pakan terdiri dari : R0 (100 % ransum basal tanpa tepung temulawak), R1 (ransum basal + 0,5% tepung temulawak), R2 (ransum basal + 0,75% tepung temulawak) dan R3 ransum basal + 1% tepung temulawak).  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan tepung temulawak sampai 1% berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap konsumsi ransum, konsumsi protein, asupan protein  dan Rasio Efisiensi Penggunaan Protein (REP) (P>0,05).  Disimpulkan bahwa penambahan tepung temulawak sampai1% belum mampu meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan protein oleh ternak babi fase pertumbuhan.
Efek penggunaan produk gelatinisasi empulur gewang (Corypha utan lamk) dengan urea terhadap pertumbuhan sapi bali yang mengkonsumsi rumput alam
Authors: Lazarus Edwin Jermias , Wie Lawa Emma Dyelim
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan efek penggunaan produk gelatinisasi empulur gewang dengan urea terhadap pertumbuhan sapi bali yang mendapat rumput alam sebagai ransum basal. Lima belas ekor sapi bali jantan dialokasikan untuk mendapat satu dari tiga perlakuan pemberian ransum yaitu, urea dicampur empulur gewang (R0), produk gelatinisasi empulur gewang dengan urea sebanyak 15% (R1) dan produk gelatinisasi empulur gewang dengan urea sebanyak 30% (R2). Rancangan acak lengkap digunakan sebagai rancangan percobaan dengan 3 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dan uji lanjutan Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan produk gelatinisasi empulur gewang dengan urea meningkatkan konsumsi, kecernaan, pertambahan bobot badan dan efisiensi penggunaan ransum sapi bali (P<0,01). Respon ternak sapi bali lebih tinggi pada penggunaan produk gelatinisasi empulur gewang dengan urea dalam ransum dibanding campuran empulur gewang dengan urea. Penggunaan produk gelatinisasi empulur gewang dengan urea sebanyak 30% dalam ransum nyata lebih tinggi dibanding penggunaan sebanyak 15%. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan produk gelatinisasi empulur gewang dengan urea sebagai suplemen dalam ransum meningkatkan konsumsi, kecernaan, pertambahan bobot badan dan efisiensi penggunaan ransum ternak sapi bali yang mengkonsumsi rumput alam dibanding penggunaan empulur gewang dicampur urea. Respon pertumbuhan tertinggi ditunjukkan ternak sapi bali yang mendapat produk gelatinisasi empulur gewang dengan urea 30% dalam ransum.
Pengaruh substitusi fodder jagung pada silase rumput alam terhadap konsumsi dan kecernaan serat, konsentrasi VFA dan kadar glukosa darah pada pedet jantan sapi persilangan ongole x brahman lepas sapih
Authors: Banamtuan Sefrans , Jelantik I Gusti Ngurah , Lestari G. A. Y.
Published: October 2020

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of corn fodder on intake and fiber digestibility, volatile fatty acid and blood glucose concentration  of weaned Ongole x Brahman calves. This experiment followed a 4x4 latin square design with four treatments, i.e. G : 100% nature grass silage, GCF1 : 35% nature grass silage, 35% corn fodder silage and 30% concentrate, GCF2 : 17,5% nature grass silage, 52,5% corn fodder and 30% concentrate, GCF3 : 70% corn fodder and 30% concentrate. The measured variables included fiber intake and digestibility, volatile fatty acid and blood glucose concentration. Data were subjected to Analysis of Variance (Anova) followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test to separate between means with SPSS 21. Result showed that fiber intake was significantly (P<0,05) lower in GCF3 (299,88 g.d-1) compared to the other treatments which varied between 661,55 to 1293,95 g.d-1. Fiber digestibility, however, did not differ (P>0,05) between treatments, i.e. varied between 55,95 to 72,65%. Volatile Fatty Acid concentration increased (P<0,05) with the increasing  levels substitutions of corn fodder in feed. The treatments did not affect (P>0,05) blood glucose concentration of Ongole calves. It can be concluded that substitution of corn fodder for native grass silage has significant effect on fiber intake and Volatile Fatty Acid concentration but not on fiber digestibility and blood glucose  concentration of weaned cross Ongole calves.
TRIGGERING EMOTIONAL VALUE THROUGH AESTHETICS OF COMPACT CAR DESIGN IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohd Noor Muhamad Aiman Afiq , Md Hashim Azhari
Published: October 2020

The relationship between typicality and novelty was discussed in order to identify the significant emotional value arising in the compact car design of Malaysian manufacturers. Typicality and novelty usually are associated with the aesthetic preference of human artefacts as in this study in compact car design. Considering a typical product is rarely new and, conversely, a novel product often labelled as typical, the positive effects of both features seem incompatible. This paper discusses the history of the Malaysian manufacturer’s compact car design according to its timeline and the current market based on its model and achievement. Furthermore, the relationship between compact car design such as the limitation of emotional value arising through typicality and novelty of specific compact car design and how it triggers the user’s perception through its aesthetics form. Hence, a pilot study was conducted to validate a set of stimulus and questionnaires as a way to formulate an actual survey. Finally, the outcome of this study will suggest a way forward in exploring typicality and novelty through a reliable method of compact car design.
Effect of Mixture Ratio of Food Waste and Vetiver Grass on Biogas Production
Authors: Srikanlayanukul Mayura , Suksabye Parinda
Published: October 2020

The objectives of this research were to study the optimum percentage ratios of food waste and vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizaniodes (L.) Nash) for biogas production and process stability in anaerobic digestion system. The nine mixture ratios of food waste (FM) and vetiver grass (VG) were 100:0, 80:20, 75:25, 66.67:33.33, 50:50, 33.33:66.67, 25:75, 20:80 and 0:100. The biogas production was subjected to anaerobic batch with working volume of 1.8 L and had digestion time 60 d at 35 ± 2 °C. High specific methane yield of 0.30 L g-1 VS removed was obtained from the fermentation at ratio of FW:VG at 80:20 with C/N ratio of 28.20. The specific methane yield of the single digestion of food waste (100:0) and single digestion of vetiver grass (0:100) were only 0.18 and 0.11 L g-1 VS removed, respectively. It was found that the cumulative methane production of FW: VG ratio of 80:20 was increased 34.89 % and 96.93 % compared to single substrate of food waste and vetiver grass, respectively. The results also showed the highest COD, VS and TS removal with a percentage ratio of FW: VG at 80:20, while the single vetiver grass digestion was the lowest COD, VS and TS removal. VFAs/Total alkalinity ratio of all ratio of food waste to vetiver at digestion time 40 d remained in 0.0895±0.0007 to 0.1944±0.0027 were steadied for this digester. It can be concluded that co-digestion of food waste and vetiver improve the biogas yield and degradation efficiency.
Web Conference Internet Traffic Analysis during Study-from-Home Period: Case in Sampoerna University
Authors: Bhakti Muhammad Agni Catur , Wandy Wandy
Published: October 2020

Web conference feature embedded in Learning Management System (LMS) has been implemented in Sampoerna University (SU) to support mandatory Teaching-and-Learning from home activities during early stage of Covid-19 spreading period in Jakarta. The use of technologies and Internet connection to support these academic activities became very essential. The objec-tive of this research is to analyze internet speed and quota con-sumptions to meet the web conference requirements. Lecturers and students need sufficient Internet quota, stable Internet connection with proper speed, either using wired or wireless connection, in prepaid or postpaid subscriptions for smooth online learning. This research was an exploratory and quantitative research with surveys using non-probability with identified voluntary response sampling. The results showed that web conferences using BigBlueButton for audio-call, text-based chat, and rarely updated presenter shared-screen consumed only 3.11% of average students’ Internet connection speed, while the quota consumptions for 3 Credit Points Course session were 129.15 MB (Megabyte) per session, and for 4 Credit Points Course session were 140.2 MB per session. It was concluded that students are supposed to experience no or less delay during web conferences, and still have plenty of Internet bandwidth that can be utilized to support Study-from-Home activities.
Seismic Assessment of R C C Frame Building using Pushover Analysis
Authors:   Civil Engineering, Lords College of Engineering , Hyderabad, India., Salahuddin Mohammed , Khan R G Nauman ,   Civil Engineering, Lords College of Engineering , Hyderabad, India., Moiz Mohammed ,   Civil Engineering, Lords college of Engineering , Hyderabad, India., Ahmed Mohammed Tosif ,   Civil Engineering, K.C.T college of Engineering , Kalaburagi, India.
Published: October 2020

India is a making country with an arrangement of structure practices and social and money related structure, which needs to build up its own special strategies for seismic danger appraisal. The latest decade has shown our lack in peril decline programs, during the couple of hurting seismic quakes. In view of this quake alone in India there was massive loss of life and property. After this troublesome adversity thought is by and by being given to the appraisal of the adequacy of solidarity in structures to contradict strong ground developments. After Bhuj seismic quake IS-1893 was revised and appropriated in the year 2002, going before this scene it was refreshed in 1984. The code was first conveyed in 1962 as ‘Recommendations for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structure’. The central reason behind the loss of life and property was inadequacy of learning of direct of structures during ground developments. The frailty of the structures against seismic development must be fundamentally inspected. The most preferred strategy for seismic evaluation is Inelastic static assessment or Pushover examination in view of its straightforwardness. Inelastic static examination frameworks join Capacity Spectrum Method, Displacement Coefficient Method and the Secant Method. In this examination we are looking over seismic execution of G+17 standard RCC structure. The structure has been surveyed using Pushover Analysis.