bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 resilience and neuroscience
Authors: Hurtubia Toro Veronica , Fores Anna , Martínez Reyna C , Benítez Lilia , Acuña Marcelo
Published: May 2021

Lately, neuroscience has proven key in providing scientific answers to research conducted in other disciplines. Resilience, from the point of view of neuroscience, takes on a new meaning due to the lockdown experienced under the COVID-19 pandemic. This article is the result of an investigation carried out during confinement in Spain, Mexico and Chile. It shows the preliminary results of the analysis of stress risk factors and resilience in neuroscience, identifying possible stress risk factors using socio-demographic data. A descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational and comparative study was conducted in a sample of 784 participants. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC10) was used to identify resilience traits. The findings reveal a non-significant result among the countries, but statistically significant results in the level of education variable, which is associated with cognitive flexibility. The possible stress risk factors did not evince significant results. Thus, promoting resilience at an early age comes as a relevant finding. As argued by epigenetics, to immerse oneself in contexts where meaningful bonds are promoted, is essential to improve vital processes such as resilience and prevent potential stress risk factors.
Self-awareness, depression and neurocognitive functions in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Vales Lisandro Heber , Brussain Silveira , Roman Fabian
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the most common cause of disability in youngpatients. In the  self-awareness deficits that can arise after TBI, patients experience difficulties in understanding the disabilities resulting from their injury. This is an important problem that affects the rehabilitation processes. Materials and methods: Self-awareness, neurocognitive functions and depressive symptoms were observed in 31 outpatients with a diagnosis of moderate or severe TBI, aged between 16 and 45 years. Instruments: Patient Competency Rating Scale (PCRS), Neurocognitive Assessment and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Results: Correlations were found between self-awareness and its dimensions with visuospatial skills, executive functions (double task and cognitive inhibition), episodic memory (Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test and Montevideo short story) and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Patients who have suffered a moderate or severe TBI may have impaired self-awareness. Self-awareness is the ability to objectively perceive (perceive our own self), while maintaining a sense of subjectivity, It is a complex function that needs to use executive functions and episodic memory. The relationship found between interpersonal self-awareness and depressive symptoms does not seem to be conclusive, since this association is probably more complex, and involves other variables not considered in this study.
Utility of a Screening Test (MoCa) to Predict Amyloid Physiopathology in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Clarens María Florencia , Calandri Ismael , Helou María Belen , Martín María Eugenia , Chrem Méndez Patricio , Crivelli Lucia
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The MoCa (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) Screening test has become relevant in recent years in the screening of patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). It is important to seek and study simple and reliable tools in clinical practices that correlate with biological markers that have been used to predict conversion from MCI to AD. Objective: To analyze the MOCA and its cognitive sub-scores and the relationship with Amyloid pathophysiology in Alzheimer’s Disease. Methodology: 32 patients with MCI were studied, they were separated according positive (n: 20) and negative (n: 12) underlying amyloid pathology. The patients performed a extensive cognitive assessment that included MoCa Test. Results: MoCa Total Scores showed significantly different results between groups (p <0.001) as well as the Memory Score (MoCa MIS), the Executive (MoCa EIS), the Attentional Score (MoCa AIS)) (p < 0.001) and the Orientation Score (MoCa OIS)) (p < 0.05) with worse performance of patients with amyloid pathophysiology. Score of MoCa a cut-off point of < 24 was established, since the diagnostic sensitivity at this point was 83% and the specificity 70%. Conclusions: The MoCa is a useful tool to differentiate biomarker status in MCI. Future studies should study this tool in the prodromal phases of the disease.
La Gestación Subrogada: Aspectos Éticos y Jurídicos en el Derecho Español
Authors: Sarasol Barres Clara , Ramón Fernández Francisca
Published: May 2021

En el presente trabajo se analizarán los principales problemas jurídicos y éticos que presenta la gestación subrogada en el Derecho Español. El objetivo principal es poder valorar de manera razonada cuál sería la mejor solución para la gestación subrogada, si regularla o prohibirla, seguida de un estudio ético sobre las consecuencias de esta práctica sobre los derechos de la mujer subrogada y el bebé nacido. La metodología empleada partirá de su concepto y terminología, así como el análisis de la principal legislación aplicable española, para obtener unas conclusiones válidas. El ordenamiento jurídico español, a pesar de no permitir la gestación subrogada, da lugar a cierta incertidumbre legislativa, al dejar lagunas a través de las cuales se salva la prohibición. Sin embargo, sólo aquellos con un alto poder adquisitivo podrán acceder y lo harán a expensas de otras personas con peores condiciones de vida.
Priorización en tiempos de pandemia. No. 1: Cómo asignar recursos escasos en salud en medio de una pandemia: Marco conceptual, principios y procesos
Authors: Gutiérrez Catalina
Published: May 2021

Esta nota técnica profundiza en el concepto de la priorización del gasto público en salud en el contexto de la pandemia del coronavirus, que ha puesto en manifiesto las decisiones difíciles a las que deben hacer frente los sistemas de salud del mundo. Este documento se focaliza en los criterios que guían la priorización en contextos recursos limitados y emergencias sanitarias. A partir de la elaboración de un marco conceptual holístico y centrado en minimizar el impacto total de la emergencia sanitaria sobre la salud de la población, se plantean tres condiciones para la asignación de recursos. Primero, una priorización integral, teniendo en cuenta los efectos directos e indirectos de la asignación de recursos y las medidas de contención sobre coronavirus y otras condiciones de salud. Segundo, para lograr decisiones aceptables y legítimas, es conveniente que las razones que se usaron para adoptar las medidas sean consideradas válidas y justas por la ciudadanía. Finalmente, los procesos usados para tomar las decisiones deben ser transparentes, públicos y justificables, y que en la medida de lo posible consulten y tengan en cuenta las preferencias de la ciudadanía y de los actores afectados.
Los ejes centrales de la protección de datos: consentimiento y finalidad. Críticas y propuestas hacia una regulación de la protección de datos personales en Ecuador
Authors: Roldán Carrillo Felipe Nicolás
Published: May 2021

El ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano busca integrar el nuevo fenómeno normativo que está viviendo el derecho de protección de datos personales. En la Asamblea Nacional actualmente se está discutiendo el Proyecto de Ley Orgánica de Protección de Datos. Su objetivo principal es proteger este derecho fundamental frente al inminente avance tecnológico para así brindar seguridad jurídica. En el siguiente artículo, se hará un análisis de los principios de consentimiento del titular y finalidad del tratamiento de datos, con la intención de determinar qué estándar de protección se busca implementar. Esto se estudiará desde la óptica de la legislación comparada, examinando el modelo normativo europeo y estadounidense para finalizar con una crítica del posible impacto práctico que se podría generar en caso de entrar en vigencia dicha ley.
La intervención de los sujetos privados en el delito de peculado: ¿coautores?
Authors: Cevallos Vallejo Nicolás , Espín Kenny
Published: May 2021

El peculado es uno delitos de los más controvertidos en el ámbito del Derecho Penal ecuatoriano. Se encuentra tipificado en el ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano en el Art. 278 del Código Orgánico Integral Penal, su relevancia se encuentra fundamentalmente en dos aspectos: la calidad del sujeto activo y el bien jurídico que protege. Para entrar a estudiar el tema que es materia de este artículo, primero es necesario definir otros conceptos que son de suma importancia para la comprensión de este trabajo, tales son el sujeto activo calificado, la autoría, coautoría, cómplices y la comunicabilidad de las circunstancias. Esto permitirá entender que, a pesar de que se exige cierta calidad al sujeto activo para ser considerado autor del delito de peculado, no se puede dejar sin castigo o con una pena menor a la persona que, sin la calificación exigida por el tipo, interviene con actos principales para su consumación. Sin embargo, la complejidad del tema lleva a que sea necesario observar dos figuras de suma relevancia que son: el intraneus y extraneus. Ambas contribuirán a la profundización del análisis, que en conjunto con el sustento de la jurisprudencia ecuatoriana justificarán la relevancia que tiene el tema expuesto. Por lo que, en el desarrollo de este ensayo se expondrán los diferentes criterios jurisprudenciales utilizados por las diferentes cortes y tribunales ecuatorianos para condenar al privado como coautor del delito de peculado, a pesar de no tener la calificación requerida por el ilícito.
ARALD: Arabic Annotation Using Linked Data
Authors: Bouziane Abdelghani , Bouchiha Djelloul , Rebhi Redha , Lorenzini Giulio , Doumi Noureddine , Menni Younes , Ahmad Hijaz
Published: May 2021

The evolution of the traditional Web into the semantic Web makes the machine a first-class citizen on the Web and increases the discovery and accessibility of unstructured Web-based data. This development makes it possible to use Linked Data technology as the background knowledge base for unstructured data, especially texts, now available in massive quantities on the Web. Given any text, the main challenge is determining DBpedia's most relevant information with minimal effort and time. Although, DBpedia annotation tools, such as DBpedia spotlight, mainly targeted English and Latin DBpedia versions. The current situation of the Arabic language is less bright; the Web content of the Arabic language does not reflect the importance of this language. Thus, we have developed an approach to annotate Arabic texts with Linked Open Data, particularly DBpedia. This approach uses natural language processing and machine learning techniques for interlinking Arabic text with Linked Open Data. Despite the high complexity of the independent domain knowledge base and the reduced resources in Arabic natural language processing, the evaluation results of our approach were encouraging.
A Diabetic Prediction System Based on Mean Shift Clustering
Authors: Teki Satyanarayana Murthy , Sriharsha Kuncham Venkata , Nandimandalam Mohan Krishna Varma
Published: May 2021

An abnormal rise in glucose levels may lead to diabetes. Around 30 million people are diagnosed with this disease in our country. In this perspective Indian Council of Medical Research funded by Registry of People with diabetes in India have taken an initiative and come up with numerous solutions but unfortunately neither of them has taken shape. Initially, the behavior of chemical reaction between glucose with chemical agent is estimated and tracked in the region of interest via mean shift algorithm using spatial and range information. This color change is related to plasma glucose concentration (plas), diastolic blood pressure, (pres.) Triceps skin fold thickness(skin), 2_hour serum insulin(insu), Body mass index and age. These features obtained from these 768 instances are classified using Naïve Bayes Algorithm. The results are compared with our previous work, an integrated system of K means and Naïve Bayes approach in terms of sensitivity, specificity, precision, and F-measure. It is worth noticing that our integration of mean-shift clustering and classification gives promising results with an utmost accuracy rate of 99.42% even after removing nearby duplicates in predefined clusters.
Upregulation of miR-1266-5p serves as a prognostic biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma and facilitates tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion
Authors: Su Yan , Xie Ruizhu , Xu Qinyan
Published: May 2021

Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the prognostic value of microRNA-1266-5p (miR-1266-5p) in HCC patients and investigate its biological function in HCC progression. Methods: The expression of miR-1266-5p in tissues and cells was measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect HCC cell proliferation. Transwell assay was performed to evaluate the migration and invasion of HCC cells. Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression analysis were used to assess the prognostic value of miR-1266-5p in HCC patients. The relationship between miR-1266-5p and DAB2IP was evaluated by luciferase reporter assay. Results: Relative expression of miR-1266-5p in tumor tissues, tissues from patients with advanced TNM stage (III–IV) and HCC cells was increased compared with that in corresponding control group. MiR-1266-5p expression was significantly associated with tumor size and TNM stage in HCC patients. Elevated expression of miR-1266-5p was associated with poor prognosis of HCC patients and served as an independent prognostic factor for HCC patients. Overexpression of miR-1266-5p significantly promoted, while miR-1266-5p knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells. DAB2IP could directly bind to the miR-1266-5p. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that elevated expression of miR-1266-5p can predict the poor prognosis of HCC patients, and promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells. Therefore, we predict that miR-1266-5p may be a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC.
Distribution of Various Malignant Lesions in Lymph Node Cytology – A 1 Year Population Based Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in North-East India
Authors: Venkatesh Badrinath , Devi Khagokpam Ambala , Gatphoh Soram Gayatri
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND Lymph nodes (LN) are an integral component of the immune system. Enlarged lymph nodes are a prime target for fine needle aspiration (FNA). Lymph nodes greater than 1 to 2 cm are an immediate source of concern. Lymphadenopathy is a common presenting symptom in various diseases. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) confirms the presence of metastatic disease and gives a clue regarding its nature and origin of primary malignancy. In many metastatic malignancies, FNAC may be the only tool for diagnosis and further management of the patients. We intend to assess the cytomorphological patterns of both primary tumour and metastatic tumour in a lymph node. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, RIMS, Imphal, over a period of one year from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018. Five hundred and fifty-five lymph nodes were aspirated, out of which 99 cases turned out to be malignant lesions. Giemsa and PAP stained FNAC slides were collected and reviewed. Data entry and analysis were done by using SPSS version 21. RESULTS Out of 99 cases, 88.9 % were metastatic tumours and 11.1 % were of primary lymphoproliferative disorders. Thirty three percent of malignant lymphadenopathy were found in fifth decade. Undifferentiated carcinoma constituted around 32.3 % of all the cases of malignant lymphadenopathy. Cervical group of lymph nodes were involved in 46.5 % of cases. CONCLUSIONS FNAC has proved to be a useful tool in diagnosing malignancy with good certainty. FNAC of lymph nodes prevents complications associated with lymph node biopsy. KEYWORDS FNAC, Lymph Node, Undifferentiated Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Paediatric Radial Neck Fracture Fixation by Metaizeau Technique - Surgical Technique and Outcome
Authors: Halder Tarak Chandra , Kumar Divyanshu , Chatterjee Biplab
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND Radial neck fractures in children are serious injuries with frequent sequelae when the tilt exceeds 60 degrees. Conservative treatment is often inadequate in such cases and open reduction may produce iatrogenic complications. Displaced radial neck fractures in the paediatric population can be treated with retrograde intramedullary nailing of the radius (the Metaizeau technique). This method allows early post-operative movement and thus has high functional outcome. The purpose of this case series was to evaluate the functional outcome of Metaizeau technique. METHODS This is a prospective study in which follow-up of 9 cases with radial neck fracture treated with Metaizeau technique was done. Clinical and radiological evaluation was done at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks and 6 months. Active range of motion of flexion and extension at elbow and forearm rotation was noted at 6 weeks along with pain score and Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS). Radiological assessment was also done at 6 weeks regarding union. RESULTS 8 out of 9 cases had radiological union at 6 weeks. 1 case was lost to follow-up. Excellent result was obtained in all 8 cases. Range of flexion-extension, supinationpronation were identical in all 8 cases. 1 case developed pressure bursitis at entry site. CONCLUSIONS Metaizeau technique for radial neck fracture fixation is simple, safe, soft tissue sparing, minimally invasive technique giving excellent functional and cosmetic results with minimal complication. KEYWORDS Metaizeau Technique, Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing, Radial Neck Fracture, MEPS
A Comparative Study of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol for Sedation in Middle Ear Surgery under Monitored Anaesthesia Care at VIMSAR, Burla, Odisha
Authors: Palai Pramod Kumar , Ekka Sheela , Ekka Mahendra , Agrawal Saurabh , Jena Sapan Kumar
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND Middle ear surgeries done under local anaesthesia require adequate patient sedation and analgesia to prevent patient anxiety and movement during surgical procedures. This study was undertaken to compare dexmedetomidine and propofol for their sedative and analgesic properties, safety profile, adverse events and recovery profile in patients undergoing middle ear surgery under monitored anaesthesia care. METHODS This is a prospective observational study. 96 patients of both sexes, of American society of anaesthesiologist (ASA) grade I or II, between 18 - 60 years of age were randomly divided into two groups; group D and group P consisting of 48 patients each. Patients in group D received a loading dose of injection dexmedetomidine 1 µg / kg I.V. over 10 minutes followed by an infusion at a rate of 0.5 µg / kg / hr. Patients in group P received a loading dose of injection propofol 75 µg / kg / min. I.V. over 10 min followed by an infusion at a rate of 50 µg / kg / min. Time taken to achieve the modified Aldrete score of 10 was compared between both the groups. Before discharge from post anaesthesia care unit (PACU), patient’s satisfaction with sedation & surgeon satisfaction was recorded on Likert scale. Time to rescue analgesia was compared. RESULTS The Bi-Spectral Index values in intra-operative period were on the lower side in the group D as compared to the corresponding values in the group P, but P values were statistically insignificant suggesting that both dexmedetomidine and propofol produced similar sedation. Time to rescue analgesia was greater for group D. CONCLUSIONS Having similar sedation effect, dexmedetomidine was better than propofol for sedation in patients undergoing middle ear surgery under monitored anaesthesia care. KEYWORDS Dexmedetomidine, Propofol, Monitored Anaesthesia Care, Bi-spectral Index
An Econometric Analysis of Entrepreneurship and Unemployment for Sub-Saharan Africa: 2006 -2016
Authors: Adedoyin Ramat
Published: May 2021

High unemployment rate in Sub-Saharan Africa continue to persist with a current rate of 6.14% in 2016, 6.28% in 2017, 6.16% in 2018, 6.17% in 2019 from 6.18% in 2020 (World Bank, 2020). Several factors account for the high unemployment rate including poor infrastructural facilities such as power supply which discourages entrepreneurial activities, poor standard of education resulting in unemployable youths, corrupt political environment which channels funds for productive activities into private pockets, high population growth rate, neglect of the manufacturing and agricultural sector and insecurity of lives and property. The resultant effect include high crime rate, high rate of depression due to long state of hopelessness, loss of skills by the unemployed, low economic growth, high poverty rate and increased rural-urban migration. Several programs are implemented by the government towards curbing high unemployment rate which can be categorized into 3 groups: infrastructural development, promotion of entrepreneurial activities and encouraging foreign investors. Hence this study assesses the impact of entrepreneurship start-ups on reducing unemployment in the sub-Saharan Africa region using a sample of 10 countries for the period 2006-2016. The study applied traditional panel data methodology of pooled OLS, random effect and fixed effect, and finds a positive relationship between the two variables thus suggesting that if entrepreneurship is well harnessed it can sufficiently reduce unemployment in the region.
Implementation Of Assessments In Determining Victims Of Narcotics Abuse In Rehabilitation Efforts In Covid-19 Pandemic Conditions In District Of Karawang Indonesia
Authors: Senjaya Oci , Hayatul Iman Dr.Candra , Marlina Rina
Published: May 2021

The problem of narcotics has become a very serious threat to all countries in the world, including in Southeast Asia. Indonesia as part of the Southeast Asian region sees the phenomenon of abuse and circulation of narcotics in the country as a serious threat that must be fought. The Covid-19 pandemic has not dampened the illicit narcotics business. Narcotics Abusers during the Covid-19 Pandemic have the right to obtain rehabilitation efforts through an assessment process, the Narcotics Law aims to ensure the arrangement of medical and ssocial rehabilitation efforts for abusers and narcotics addicts. An addict and a victim of narcotics abuse is a victim of narcotics so he deserves to be called a sick person. As a result, an addict and a victim of narcotics abuse must undergo treatment by admitting it to a medical and / or social rehabilitation institution.
The Jurisprudence of Human Rights in a Global Context
Authors: Enya Nwocha Dr. Matthew , Ahamefula Amaramiro Steve , Chinweike Ibezim Emmanuel
Published: May 2021

This paper is a study of the conceptual dimensions of human rights gleaned from the writings of scholars and jurists, judicial precedent, and domestic and international human rights instruments, particularly under the United Nations System. Human rights have become an international subject and have today attained the status of a jus cogens rule of international law. The need to determine and clarify the history and dynamics of this subject has given impetus and inspiration to this paper. Applying a theoretical and doctrinal methodology, the paper set out to appraise the different dimensions, and for that matter ramifications, to the concept of human rights and how they affect our everyday life. The paper found, among other things, that human rights law and its observance are much more entrenched at the international forum than in domestic jurisdictions. The paper concluded that human rights issues are no longer a matter of domestic affairs of any nation in the light of extant international instruments to which nations are committed. It therefore recommended that national governments should be more sensitive and responsive to the growing status of human rights as an international subject.
Morphofunctional characteristics of the tomato male gametophyte under conditions of viral pathogenesis
Authors: Saltanovish T. I. , Andronic L. I. , Antosh L. P. , Doncila A. N.
Published: May 2021

Relevance. The action of viral phytopathogens changes the quality of the male gametophyte, which ultimately leads to a decrease in plant productivity. So, information on the features of the variability of morphofunctional characteristics of the microgametophyte becomes topical. Taking into account the expression of a part of the plant genome in pollen, the male gametophyte can be used as a reliable system for assessing the response of genotypes to the action of viral pathogens. Presuming that the problems of variability of characteristics of the male gametophyte in conditions of viral pathogenesis have not been enough studied, as well as the main factors determining the variability have not been identified, the aim of the research was to study the effect of viral phytopathogens on the male gametophyte characters in tomato.

Material and methods. Hybrids F1 and varieties of tomato were used in the experiments. Plants were grown in a greenhouse. They were inoculated with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) or tomato aspermia virus (TAV) in the 4-5 leaf phase. To determine the quality of pollen, flowers of control and infected plants were collected; pollen was isolated and sown on a nutrient medium. The preparations were analyzed under microscope. The viability of the pollen and the length of the pollen tubes were assessed, and the ratio of these indicators was calculated.

Results. Infection of plants with viruses changes some functional characteristics of the male gametophyte. The responses manifested as stimulation, inhibition, or neutral effect. The main sources of variability in characters of pollen were the genotype and viral agents. In viral pathogenesis, unequal indicators of pollen grains were found in terms of the rate of germination and growth of pollen tubes (PT). Analysis of the heritability coefficients of the ratio of pollen viability and PT length (experiment / control) revealed positive dominance and overdominance in 70% of cases. Genotypes have been identified that combine a high level of viability when infected with different viruses. The prospect of their use in further research is proposed.
Application of machine learning algorithms to predict permeability in tight sandstone formations
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Topór Tomasz
Published: May 2021

The application of machine learning algorithms in petroleum geology has opened a new chapter in oil and gas exploration. Machine learning algorithms have been successfully used to predict crucial petrophysical properties when characterizing reservoirs. This study utilizes the concept of machine learning to predict permeability under confining stress conditions for samples from tight sandstone formations. The models were constructed using two machine learning algorithms of varying complexity (multiple linear regression [MLR] and random forests [RF]) and trained on a dataset that combined basic well information, basic petrophysical data, and rock type from a visual inspection of the core material. The RF algorithm underwent feature engineering to increase the number of predictors in the models. In order to check the training models’ robustness, 10-fold cross-validation was performed. The MLR and RF applications demonstrated that both algorithms can accurately predict permeability under constant confining pressure (R2 0.800 vs. 0.834). The RF accuracy was about 3% better than that of the MLR and about 6% better than the linear reference regression (LR) that utilized only porosity. Porosity was the most influential feature of the models’ performance. In the case of RF, the depth was also significant in the permeability predictions, which could be evidence of hidden interactions between the variables of porosity and depth. The local interpretation revealed the common features among outliers. Both the training and testing sets had moderate-low porosity (3–10%) and a lack of fractures. In the test set, calcite or quartz cementation also led to poor permeability predictions. The workflow that utilizes the tidymodels concept will be further applied in more complex examples to predict spatial petrophysical features from seismic attributes using various machine learning algorithms.
Rodzaje ogniw paliwowych i ich potencjalne kierunki wykorzystania
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Żyjewska Urszula
Published: May 2021

Fuel cells are not a new technology, but they are gaining in popularity and are being intensively developed. The article presents and characterizes various types of fuel cells that are currently of interest to research and development centers dealing with environmental protection issues. These include: alkaline fuel cell (AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), including direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). The operating parameters of the previously mentioned fuel cells were compared. The principle of operation of a fuel cell was described. The growing interest in devices using hydrogen as a fuel also results from the development of Power to Gas technology (P2G). Furthermore, the article presents the potential directions of development and use of fuel cells in various fields and sectors of the economy. Fuel cells can be used in transport. The characteristic of motor vehicles fleet by fuel type in usage in the European Union was presented. The technical specification of commercially available passenger cars using fuel cells with proton exchange membrane was presented. The possibility of using fuel cells in public transport (buses, trains) was discussed. The possibilities of operation of fuel cells in combined heat and power systems (CHP) were presented. Usage of fuel cell technology in large cogeneration units and micro systems was considered. One of the presented cogeneration systems is a combination of fuel cells with a gas turbine. Another possibility of using fuel cells is energy storage systems (EES). Interesting way of using fuel cells can also be Power to Power systems, which were briefly characterized.
An Overview of Social Impact Research Methods
Authors: Može Helga
Published: May 2021

The main goal of this paper is to review the methods of measuring the impact of different social programs, activities, projects or programs on the local community development. One method will be chosen, the most adequate one for research about the impact of the nonprofit sector on the socio-economic development of the local communities, especially the impact of nonprofit organization. At the beginning of the paper will be explained the need to calculate social impact in order to advocate stronger involvement of civil society in the community development, especially in the increasing of the social capital. After that, an overview of the different methods will be given, with the method name, who founded and / or develop that method and other particularity, and for what the method is used for. This paper provided an insight into previous scientific papers and research, and proved that there is room for further research on the social impact methods. Namely, no research has been done so far on the impact of nonprofit associations on the socioeconomic development of the local communities.
Vpliv uporabe mobilnih aplikacij v organizacijskih procesih na zaposlene
Authors: Radovanovič Tina , Žnidaršič Anja , Novak Vesna
Published: May 2021

Labor market and work space are constantly changing under the influence of progress in technology, which is a characteristic of the digital age. With progression came the usage of smart phones and mobile applications in the workplace. Task performance is increasingly supported by a range of mobile applications, which means unlimited everyday usage of smart phones and applications. Due to numerous positive properties of the use of mobile, this digital trend is rapidly spreading. We wanted to provide a better insight into how widespread the trend in Slovenian companies is, investigate the impact of mobile applications on employees and what their opinion is about the use of mobile applications in the workplace. Research showed that the digital trend in Slovenia is on the rise. Since mobile applications facilitate work tasks, opinions on the use of mobile applications in the workplace were positive; nevertheless, the respondents believe they are not a necessity
Izzivi pri odločanju glede načina prevoza na delo
Authors: Tušek Ivana , Marič Miha
Published: May 2021

Public transport in Slovenia is poorly organized. The connections and timetables are poor, trains are not as fast, and the savings are not significant if the transportation of choice is a personal automobile. However, this mode of transportation more often than not involves a parking problem. Every company does not have enough parking spaces for all of their employees, which is why some people opt to drive to work together or start from home early to secure a free parking space. We will prepare an overview of the possibilities of transport to work in Slovenia, focusing on the route Ljubljana - Kranj. We will address the issues discussed from the point of view of the mode of transport to work - car, train, bus or even on foot, if the workplace is close to home. Our purpose is to determine whether we would save time and money if we were to travel to work by another means of transport, and to identify other factors that influence our decision regarding the mode of transport to work.
Potentiometric Study of the Copper(II) Ions Complexation Process with Thiourea in Acidic Medium
Authors: Samadov A.S. , Gorichev I.G. , Eliseeva E.A.
Published: May 2021

Potentiometric titration method was used to study the copper(II) ions complexation process with thiourea in medium containing 1 mol/l of hydrochloric acid at a temperature of 298 K. It was found out that mononuclear (CuTMn) and binuclear (Cu2TMn) complexes were observed in the copper(II) --- thiourea system depending on the copper ions concentration. It was determined that in acid medium with copper(II) ions concentration less than 5 · 10--4 mol/l and mononuclear complexes of the composition are generated in the system, which constant is equal to lg β3 = 11.9. With an increase in the copper(II) ions concentration (CCu+2 > 5 · 10--4 mol/l), binuclear thiourea complex dominates in the system. Stability constant logarithm of the Cu2TM6 composition binuclear complex is equal to 27.5 and was calculated using the modified Leden's method. Based on the constants, complexes existence regions were determined depending on the ratio CTM/CCu+2. With the CTM/CCu+2 ≥ 5 relations, existence of a dominant complex significantly depends on the copper(II) ions concentration. It turned out that fractions of all complex particles were growing with an increase in the copper(II) ions concentration in the system. It was found that stability of thiourea complexes in the CuLi2+, AgLi+, AuLi+ rows was increasing
Comparing Turbulence Models for Swirling Flows
Authors: Nazarov F.Kh.
Published: May 2021

The paper considers a turbulent fluid flow in a rotating pipe, known as the Taylor --- Couette --- Poiseuille flow. Linear RANS models are not suitable for simulating this type of problems, since the turbulence in these flows is strongly anisotropic, which means that solving these problems requires models accounting for turbulence anisotropy. Modified linear models featuring corrections for flow rotations, such as the SARC model, make it possible to obtain satisfactory solutions. A new approach to turbulence problems has appeared recently. It allowed a novel two-fluid turbulence model to be created. What makes this model different is that it can describe strongly anisotropic turbulent flows; moreover, it is easy to implement numerically while not being computationally expensive. We compared the results of solving the Taylor --- Couette --- Poiseuille flow problem using the novel two-fluid model and the SARC model. The numerical investigation results obtained from the novel two-fluid model show a better agreement with the experimental data than the results provided by the SARC model
Development and study of the process of photonic-crystal film depositing by centrifugation
Authors: Panfilova E.V. , Grishaev N.A.
Published: May 2021

The article describes one of the promising methods of depositing highly ordered arrays of polystyrene microspheres from colloidal suspension through centrifugation. The simplicity and availability of the method determine the sensibility of its application in the deposition of high-quality ordered photonic-crystal planar structures for devices in nanophotonics, nanoelectronics, sensorics and security systems. A theoretical description of the process of colloidal microspheres self-organization into an ordered structure, the so-called opal matrix, occurring during centrifugation of a suspension is given. The technological equipment and accessories required for the implementation of the method in laboratory conditions are shown. The technological factors affecting the reflection of the formed structures in the region of the photonic band gap have been studied; a mathematical model of the colloidal suspension centrifugation process was developed and analyzed. The main modes of the centrifugation process ensuring an acceptable quality of the samples have been selected.
Taxation and Nigerian Economy: an Empirical Analysis
Authors: Cletus Okey Amah
Published: May 2021

The study was carried out to investigate the effect of Nigerian taxation system on Nigerian economy. The study anchored on benefit received theory of taxation as it theoretical framework. The study covered a period of 18 years (1999-2017). Time series data extracted from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin and Federal Inland Revenue Service for the various years was used for the study. Ordinary Least Square method of regression was adopted for data analysis. The independent variables are Value Added Tax (VAT), Petroleum Profit Tax (PPT), and Company Income Tax (CIT) while Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the dependent variable. The regression result revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between the independent variables (PPT, CIT) and Gross Domestic Product. However the relationship between Value Added Tax and Gross Domestic Product is negative. It is recommended that government should provide enabling environment for companies to generate more revenues. Government should also reduce the VAT rate to encourage consumption of certain goods.
Tomber amoureux et zakochać się décrivent-ils la même réalité ?
Authors: Cholewa Joanna
Published: May 2021

Le but de l’article est d’analyser la locution française tomber amoureux et le verbe polonais préfixé zakochać się. L’analyse vise à voir si les contenus sémantiques des deux verbes, qui résultent de leurs constructions, sont exactement les mêmes. L’invariant de tomber, qui englobe des emplois locatifs et non locatifs / abstraits, est complexe et comprend deux éléments de signification de base: le mouvement vers le bas et le contact, que la langue sélectionne en fonction de l’emploi donné. De l’autre côté, la locution tomber amoureux peut être analysée comme une collocation, où tomber n’est qu’un collocateur. Le prédicat polonais est construit sur la base de kochać (verbe psychologique), avec le préfixe za-. Le polonais attache une importance considérable au préfixe, dont le sens s’ajoute à celui de la base verbale. Il résulte de l’analyse que tomber amoureux exprime un changement d’état et souligne le début de l’action, tandis que zakochać się met en évidence l’intensité du sentiment auquel se réfère la base verbale.
De quelques proverbes qui font l’éloge de la femme
Authors: Rodriguez Ferreiro Verónica
Published: May 2021

Le proverbe reflète la réalité sociale et les croyances populaires. Il peut être envisagé dans le cadre d’une parémiologie comparée, de sorte que nous entreprenons cette étude comme une contribution au dictionnaire phraséologique français-espagnol-galicien. Nous avons eu recours à un ensemble de parémies en langue française, appartenant à différentes époques et sans nous limiter à une perspective eurocentriste, en nous basant sur une culture francophone, comme ensemble linguistique, culturel et sociologique de la francophonie. Le champ de travail a été restreint aux proverbes ayant trait d’une certaine manière à l’amour, au sens large, associé à la figure féminine, comme source d’épanouissement, de discernement, d’opulence, dans son rôle de mère irremplaçable ou comme l’égale de l’homme. Il n’y est question que de ceux qui en font l’éloge ou desquels il en ressort un aspect positif, au moins dans l’une de leurs possibles interprétations, contrairement à ceux, bien plus habituels et nombreux, qui en offrent une image négative.
Inventivité et renouvellement lexicaux (littéraire, argotique, etc.) pour une activité intemporelle
Authors: Sablayrolles Jean François
Published: May 2021

Si les verbes et expressions dénommant l’acte sexuel en français académique sont rares (honorer une femme, plaisant, coïter, copuler didactiquess), il y en a pléthore en français non conventionnel. En sont exposés quelques-uns, transitifs directs (baiser, sauter…) et indirects (lui dégager les écoutilles…), mais aussi intransitifs (tirer son coup…), avec un point de vue masculin dominant. L’argot se renouvelle : bouillaver, niquer, pécho…. et se manifeste aussi une inventivité littéraire : faire catleya (Proust), jouer le jeu de la bête à trois dos (Jorif), acalifourcher (San-Antonio)… Deux chansons humoristiques peuvent clore ce florilège : Les ratés de la bagatelle (sous-titré la chose) et Les nuits d’une demoiselle, où fleurissent une multitude de verbes et expressions synonymes. Un néologisme sérieux est proposé par Bini Adamczak, féministe, circlusion, pour éviter la vision masculine incluse dans pénétration.
Comment les jeunes parlent d’amour dans les banlieues littéraires
Authors: Stepanova Olga
Published: May 2021

Le parler des jeunes qui se développe intensément dans les banlieues depuis les années 90 trouve sa place dans le roman contemporain. Les auteurs analysés se focalisent sur les contraintes sentimentales que les adolescents rencontrent dans les banlieues avec leurs codes et leurs rites. La recherche, qui s’inscrit dans les études de genre, révèle la tension entre le sentiment d’amour que l’adolescent a du mal à verbaliser et l’acte sexuel associé à la transgression d’un tabou côté filles et à l’affirmation de la masculinité côté garçons. Les garçons adoptent un comportement sexuel agressif, cachent ou dominent les sentiments perçus comme un signe de faiblesse. Chez les filles la sexualité provoque un sentiment de culpabilité en raison d’une domination masculine abusive, de la violence sexiste et sexuelle envers elles. Pour gagner en liberté et en respect elles deviennent aussi viriles que les garçons. L’amour est un thème relativement nouveau dans la représentation de la banlieue qui n’est plus uniquement considérée comme un lieu de violence, de conflit mais aussi comme un univers relationnel complexe.
Adam Smith. Ekonomia polityczna
Authors: Piątkowski Wiesław
Published: May 2021

Książka jest szczegółową i pogłębioną naukową prezentacją i analizą poglądów ekonomicznych Adama Smitha. Podejmuje temat, który ma istotne znaczenie w studiowaniu i pogłębionym poznaniu współczesnej teorii ekonomii. Argument ten opiera się na przekonaniu o istotnej roli ciągłości myśli ekonomicznej w sensie historycznym. Zastosowana przez Autora metoda prezentacji i analizy poglądów Smitha jest bardzo cenna ze względów dydaktycznych. Stanowi ona wartościową wskazówkę dla młodszych adeptów ekonomii, jak należy przeprowadzić pogłębioną egzegezę tekstów źródłowych.
Women’s and Girls’ Experiences of Security and Justice in Somaliland
Authors: Carter Becky
Published: May 2021

This rapid review seeks to provide an overview of the publicly available literature from the academic, donor, and non-government organisation sources on women’s and girls’ experiences of statutory and customary security and justice in Somaliland. In Somaliland women and girls experience poor security, with high rates of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV), and significant barriers to gender equality in the pluralistic legal system. The predominant clan-based customary justice system, along with conservative social norms and religious beliefs, discriminates against women and girls, while weak formal state institutions are not able to deliver accessible and effective justice for vulnerable and marginalised groups. Social stigma silences SGBV survivors and their families, with many rape crimes resolved through customary compensation or marriage. National and international organisations have undertaken various activities to promote gender equality in security and justice, with support provided to formal and informal security and justice institutions and actors at national and local levels, as well as initiatives to empower women and girls.
Strengthening Gender Equality in Decision-making in Somaliland
Authors: Carter Becky
Published: May 2021

This rapid review searched for literature on how and why women continue to struggle in Somaliland to achieve formal political representation and to take on informal decision-making roles on local peace and political matters, from community to national levels. Women’s participation in peacebuilding and political decision-making in Somaliland is very limited. A key barrier is the clan system underpinning Somaliland’s political settlement. Entrenched and politicised, patriarchal clans exclude women (and other minority groups) from formal and customary leadership and decision-making roles. Other contributing factors are conservative religious attitudes and traditional gender norms. Structural inequalities – such as low levels of education, lack of funds, and high levels of violence towards women and girls – impede women’s participation. Some women are more disempowered than others, such as women from minority clans and internally displaced women. However, there is increasing disillusionment with clan politicisation and a growing recognition of women’s value. There are opportunities for framing gender equality in local cultural and religious terms and supporting grassroots activism.
Alfonso X, Pero da Ponte, paro-vos sinal (B487/V70). Note ecdotiche
Authors: Barberini Fabio
Published: May 2021

Despite having been subject of several critical editions, Alfonso X’s cantiga “Pero da Ponte, paro-vos sinal” (B487/V70) continues to raise up a few questions among the specialists. On one hand, some philological issues regarding the full reconstruction and understanding of the text. On the other, a complex problem of its interpretation. This paper aims to stress out certain philological issues related to the edition of this cantiga. The main issues belong to the first stanza and especially affect the lesson of the first line, the general interpretation of both vv. 1-2 and 3-4 and the meter structure of the first line of the refrain (vv. 5, 11 and 17). There are also other minor problems concerning the meter structure of vv. 8, 9, and 15, along with the interpretation of v. 19. Finally, this paper argues upon the problems of a new critical edition of the cantiga, based on the archive research I made directly of both manuscripts, with the intention of showing more clearly these difficulties.