bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Publik dalam Mendorong Kinerja Media Layanan Publik dalam Mewujudkan Watak Kepublikannya
Authors: Effendy Rochmad , Yulistiowati Irma Mufita , Wibowo Aryo Prakoso
Published: January 2021

The publicness character of the Indonesia Republic Radio/RRI is both historical as well as legal  necessity. RRI was born from the historical process as a struggle radio to seize and defend independence from colonialists. This true identity that is embodied in the spirit of public service ethos is getting stronger after the enactment of Government Regulation No. 11/2005 and 12/2005 concerning public service broadcasting and RRI public service broadcasting respectively. The duty of serving the needs and interests of the public must be the "spirit" which drives its whole operational activities of broadcasting and institutional governance. For this reason, various efforts have been made, such as improving governance and expanding the broadcast network area. To answer the demands of media digitization, the adoption of media convergence technology in the form of the launch of the RRI Play Go application has also been carried out. This has changed it from a public service broadcasting institution (PSB) to a public service media (PSM). Its public character as a public service broadcast radio must be put forward by placing the public as citizens (citizens) active participants both in the process of planning and implementing broadcast program content as well as media institutional governance. Through PSM, the interaction between media managers and citizens can be established. The process of involving citizens in the production process of media content is also easily facilitated. For this reason, their role in supervising and evaluating media management must be more substantial to ensure the public character of RRI. Based on this, this study aims to examine the form of public participation in supervising and evaluating broadcasting and media management of RRI. More specifically, what is the role of the Audience Council Forum Komunikasi Pemerhati of RRI Malang in carrying out this function.
KETERLIBATAN MASYARAKAT LOKAL DALAM RESTORASI KAWASAN PASCA TAMBANG TIMAH DI DESA PENYAMUN KABUPATEN BANGKA OLEH PT. REFINED BANGKA TIN (PT. RBT)
Authors: Rahmawan Alfin Dwi
Published: January 2021

Restorasi merupakan upaya pemulihan kembali kawasan akibat kegiatan pertambangan agar dapat berfungsi kembali. Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) No. 78 tahun 2010 tentang reklamasi dan pasca tambang bahwa pemegang izin usaha pertambangan harus melakukan reklamasi atas lahan yang dieksploitasi. Salah satu daerah yang dilakukan reklamasi adalah lahan bekas Tambang Inkonvensional (TI) di Desa Penyamun, Kecamatan Pemali, Kabupaten Bangka. Reklamasi ini dilakukan oleh PT. Refined Bangka Tin (RBT). Reklamasi ini bertujuan mengembalikan fungsi tanah yang tidak produktif akibat aktivitas tambang, dan juga upaya reklamasi ini menimbulkan pro dan kontra dari masyarakat setempat. Paper ini bertujuan melihat bagaimana pengelolaan reklamasi oleh PT. Refined Bangka tin dan bagaimana sikap dan juga keterlibatan masyarakat lokal dalam proses reklamasi tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif yang mana pendekatan ini dapat mendeskripsikan, memberikan gambaran sekaligus menjelaskan proses reklamasi yang dilakukan PT. RBT pasca tambang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan observasi, hasil waawancara, studi kepustakaan dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD).
niños violentados en medio de la Pandemia: Reflexiones en torno a la psicología educativa y el papel de la escuela en tiempos de cuarentena
Authors: Montoya Jenny
Published: January 2021

Con ocasión a la emergencia sanitaria por coronavirus COVID-19- y las medidas tomadas por la Secretaria Distrital de Gobierno de Bogotá, en conjunto con Ministerio de Educación de Colombia, al declararse la pandemia, surge una iniciativa desde secretaria de educación con el nombre de ‘’Aprende en Casa’’, una estrategia que pretende garantizar el derecho a la educación de los niños, niñas y jóvenes de Colombia, pensada desde el fortalecimiento del hogar como un ambiente de aprendizaje en propuestas pedagógicas orientadas desde la escuela, y apoyadas desde la corresponsabilidad, la autonomía y el cuidado de los estudiantes.

Sin embargo a pesar de todos los esfuerzos que se han venido realizando, aún no se analiza qué ocurre con aquellos niños que teniendo antecedentes de haber sido violentados en sus casas, tienen que confinar de manera permanente, afrontando no sólo las situaciones difíciles cotidianas, sino que también aquella que a partir de la pandemia, comienzan a agudizar los conflictos al interior de sus entornos familiares.

Es aquí donde la escuela toma relevancia y en ella el acompañamiento que se brinda por medio de la psicología educativa la cual, si es difícil desarrollar en la presencialidad, se hace más urgente comprender sus dimensiones en la distancia y en la falta de seguridad de los entornos donde se encuentran los niños.

Para efectos del presente estudio se analizará el rol de la familia como generador de vínculo seguro; el rol del psicólogo educativo como facilitador de los procesos educativos de los niños y las niñas, de sus familias, formando un modelo de escuela como un entorno orientado al cuidado del otro.

Así finalmente se buscará denotar la importancia que la psicología educativa tiene en las escuelas, identificando algunas de sus mayores tensiones y planteando algunas propuestas de reflexión que permitan resignificar el acompañamiento que realiza la escuela a los niños en situación de vulnerabilidad.
Estrategias para la adaptación escolar: una visión desde la secundaria
Authors: Nuñez-Naranjo Aracelly , Galeas Glenda , Paredes Alexandra
Published: January 2021

El trabajo analiza la adaptación como un conjunto de actividades dinámicas e innovadoras que permiten la integración de la vida académica primaria a la secundaria. La transición de una etapa educativa a otra es un proceso de adaptación que implica retos, esfuerzo y constancia, sabiendo que se trata de un cambio importante en la vida académica y socioemocional de los estudiantes. En el enfoque de este trabajo fue mixto de tipo descriptivo, la población de estudio correspondió a 44 estudiantes entre hombres y mujeres correspondiente a los octavos años de Educación Básica de la Unidad Educativa Fiscal Los Vergeles, como principales resultados se obtuvo que a los estudiantes les cuesta integrarse con sus pares especialmente en las primeras semanas del ciclo académico, además que las actividades dentro del aula son poco dinámicas y no permiten una contante integración, así también las nuevas reglas establecidas por la institución los aleja fuertemente de su etapa de niños. En conclusión la aplicación de estrategias que permitan la adaptación escolar y la integración académica y socioemocional está ligada a las estrategias institucionales, de aula y familiares que se ejecuten pues permiten una comunicación asertiva construyendo aprendizajes académicos y socioemocionales saludables.
El arte de escribir la historia de la «Revolución constitucional»
Authors: González-Hernández Esther
Published: January 2021

El presente paper pretende contribuir a la explicación de los conceptos de derecho constitucional y constitucionalismo desde un análisis centrado en su interpretación histórica y de derecho comparado. Para ello se realiza un repaso sobre la “genealogía constitucional”, es decir, sobre las diferentes vías de influencia del sinfín de constituciones que se promulgaron en Europa desde 1791 a 1931 y que tomaron como punto de partida las revoluciones americana y francesa, pero también la inglesa aunque aquella se manifestase antes y de otro modo. Este análisis ofrece unas conclusiones que permitirán comenzar a construir la categoría científica de “Revolución constitucional” que va más allá de la mera sucesión de revueltas políticas o intentonas revolucionarias con sentido constitucional desconectadas entre sí. Bien al contrario, todo lo acaecido desde mediados del siglo XVIII permite hablar de un continuum en el devenir histórico, que alumbró un verdadero cambio político-constitucional, amén del social e institucional.
Razonada inadmisión de una pregunta parlamentaria oral que no versaba sobre la acción de gobierno sino sobre la financiación del partido político al que pertenecía su Presidente.
Authors: Castillo López Fernando
Published: January 2021

La Sala Primera del Tribunal Constitucional acuerda desestimar un recurso de amparo presentado por el portavoz de un grupo parlamentario de la Asamblea Regional de Murcia, al entender que no se vulnera el derecho al ejercicio de las funciones representativas del recurrente, al ser razonada la inadmisión por parte de la Mesa de dicho parlamento de una pregunta parlamentaria con respuesta oral en pleno dirigida al presidente del Consejo de Gobierno de la Región de Murcia que no versaba sobre la acción de su gobierno sino sobre la financiación del partido político al que pertenecía su presidente.
Límites de los decretos-leyes. La «extraordinaria y urgente necesidad» como presupuesto habilitante. Legitimidad del decreto-ley para regular una materia reglamentaria. Modificación de normas tributarias por decreto-ley.
Authors: Abellán Matesanz Isabel María
Published: January 2021

El Tribunal Constitucional declara inconstitucionales y nulas las disposiciones adicionales primera y tercera del Real Decreto-ley 7/2019, de 1 de marzo, de medidas urgentes en materia de vivienda y alquiler, por considerar, respecto de la primera (medidas para promover la oferta de vivienda en alquiler), que no se justifica la necesidad de acudir a un decreto-ley para la adopción de unas medidas para cuya puesta en práctica no se aprecia, en principio, la exigencia de contar con la habilitación de una norma con rango de ley; y, respecto de la disposición adicional tercera (convenios en materia de infraestructuras), que la justificación ofrecida no resulta suficiente para desplazar la potestad legislativa de las Cortes Generales (art. 66.2 CE), al no guardar la necesaria relación de conexión de sentido con la situación de extraordinaria y urgente necesidad previamente definida. Confirma el Alto Tribunal la constitucionalidad del citado real decreto-ley en todas las demás disposiciones, inclusive en las que suponen la modificación de las leyes de dos impuestos especiales: el impuesto sobre bienes inmuebles y el impuesto sobre transmisiones patrimoniales y actos jurídicos documentados.
Precariousness, flexibility, and labor relations in the Fashion Industry
Authors: Batista Fabiano Eloy Atílio , Soares Junior Glauber , Oliveira Isadora Franco
Published: January 2021

In this work, we carry out a reflection around issues regarding work in the Brazilian fashion and clothing industry – one of the oldest activities performed by mankind. The objective of conceiving such work was to be able to understand the main aspects related to precariousness and inhuman work in this field. As far as the methodology applied to the study goes, this research is characterized as qualitative, and of descriptive and bibliographic type. As a result, in general, it can be observed that the precarious and flexible working relationships are utilized by companies as a means of profitability. However, when using this mechanism, worker’s rights, which are the most fragile part of this process, are the most affected, and in many cases, workers find themselves in situations similar to slavery, working in a forced way, with exhaustive workdays, and in degrading conditions.
A influência da vitamina D sobre o câncer: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Souza Mauro Celso de , Coser Marceli Pitt
Published: January 2021

Marco teórico: o câncer é um conjunto de mais de cem doenças, das quais possuem fatores intrínsecos e/ou extrínsecos, modificáveis e não modicáveis para o seu desencadeamento. A vitamina D, por sua vez, é um hormônio esteroide que possui as suas ações biológicas mediadas pelo receptor de vitamina D, desenvolvendo, consequentemente, papéis relacionados ao controle do crescimento, diferenciação e proliferação celular, em que, a administração dos seus metabólicos ativos ou análogos podem resultar na inibição da angiogênese, delegando efeitos antiproliferativos e ativação dos mecanismos apoptóticos. Objetivo: esclarecer a influência da ação da vitamina D sobre os cânceres que acometem o trato gastrointestinal e órgãos distintos. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, com abordagem qualitativa. A partir de buscas nas bases de dados BVS e PubMed, foram selecionados 19 artigos congruentes à temática e aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, através da associação de descritores e palavras-chaves. Resultados: 84,62% e 71,43% dos estudos expuseram uma correlação positiva da vitamina D no processo anti-carcinogênese dos cânceres que acometem o trato gastrointestinal e órgãos distintos, respectivamente. O processo de carcinogênese pode ser influenciado pela deficiência de vitamina D, polimorfismos no gene receptor da vitamina D e demais alterações e relações com vias subjacentes. Conclusão: Destaca-se neste estudo a influência positiva da vitamina D na prevenção da carcinogênese que acomete o trato gastrointestinal e órgãos distintos.
Is AMF inoculation an alternative to maximize the in vitro antibacterial activity of Libidibia ferrea extracts?
Authors: Santos Emanuela Lima dos , Muniz Brena Coutinho , Barbosa Beathriz Godoy Vilela , Morais Marcia Maria Camargo , Silva Francineyde  Alves da , Silva Fábio Sérgio Barbosa da
Published: January 2021

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to provide plant species with several benefits, such as an increased production of bioactive compounds. However, it is yet to be defined whether extracts of mycorrhizal plants are more efficient in vitro antibacterial actions when compared to non-mycorrhizal plants. We tested the hypothesis of whether or not, methanolic extracts of Libidibia ferrea fruits, from plants established in the field and inoculated with AMF, have higher antibacterial action when inoculated with Acaulospora longula, Claroideoglomus etunicatum or Gigaspora albida. In addition, native L. ferrea fruits collected from the Caatinga area were also tested. The extracts of L. ferrea fruits inoculated with A. longula had higher in vitro antibacterial action in relation to the extracts of fruits from non-inoculated plants (p <0.05) thus characterizing the first record of different antibacterial actions of plant extracts due to inoculation with AMF. The extracts of L. ferrea fruits inoculated with A. longula were more efficient in inhibiting growth of Gram-negative bacteria. The zone diameters of inhibition ranged from 2.48 % to 7.56 % larger than the zones of the non-inoculated L. ferrea fruit extracts. The inoculation of L. ferrea with AMF may represent an alternative way of producing fruits with different antibacterial activity.
Proposta de um indicador de salubridade ambiental (ISA) para análise do saneamento no campus da Universidade Federal de Sergipe-São Cristóvão, Brasil
Authors: Souza Bruno Santos , Amazonas Camila Silveira de Andrade , Torres Nádia Hortense , Ferreira Luiz Fernando Romanholo
Published: January 2021

No Brasil, há uma grande deficiência quando se trata de abastecimento de água potável, coleta e tratamento de esgoto, coleta e destinação correta de resíduos sólidos, além de melhor gerenciamento dos recursos hídricos e cuidado com a saúde pública nos centros urbanos. Existem diversas leis, portarias e resoluções que determinam como estes serviços devem ser oferecidos às pessoas, porém, mais da metade da população brasileira não tem esses direitos assegurados, encontrando-se em situações insalubres. Por conta disso, o Conselho Estadual de Saneamento no Estado de São Paulo (CONESAN), em 1999, criou um modelo que permitiu às autoridades locais avaliarem a salubridade ambiental de uma determinada região. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo a avaliação, a partir da adaptação da metodologia do CONESAN, da condição de salubridade da cidade Universitária Prof. José Aloísio de Campos, localizada em São Cristóvão/SE. A adaptação se fez necessária em função das especificidades locais e devido ao foco da pesquisa estar baseada fortemente no saneamento básico do campus. O indicador de salubridade ambiental para este estudo foi denominando de ISA-UFS, o qual considerou como subindicadores específicos: Abastecimento de Água, Resíduos Sólidos, Esgotamento Sanitário, Drenagem Urbana e Controle de Vetores. A partir dos resultados obtidos, foi possível interpretar a situação atual do saneamento do campus para uma condição de Média Salubridade (ISA-UFS = 0,66), com potencial de melhora após realização de simples alterações nos serviços de saneamento, como limpeza diária das vias externas e aumento da frequência de coleta dos resíduos sólidos.
Evaluación eco-fisiológica de procedencias de Schizolobium parahyba subesp. amazonicum en la etapa de muda y su crecimiento en el campo
Authors: Cordeiro Maria Iracema Castro Coimbra , Gazel Filho Aderaldo Batista , Lameira Osmar Alves , Coimbra Lorena de Almeida
Published: January 2021

Las procedencias de las semillas son importantes para el establecimiento de plantaciones forestales. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la subespiación en caracteres eco-fisiológicos de procedencias de S. parahyba subesp. amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby en la etapa de vivero y su crecimiento inicial en campo. En la etapa de vivero se evaluó la tasa de fotosíntesis, transpiración, conductancia estomática, altura y diámetro del tallo, y distribución de materia seca; en la etapa de campo se evaluó la supervivencia de las plantas y su crecimiento en altura y diámetro dos años después de la siembra. Se utilizaron las procedencias Ji-Paraná (RO), Belterra (PA), Alta floresta (MT) y Brasiléia (AC). En vivero se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar y en campo un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. Los parámetros fotosíntesis, conductancia estomática y transpiración en la fase de vivero mostraron subespiación significativa entre procedencias (p≤ 0.05), donde la procedencia Brasiléia presentó tasa mayor de conductancia estomática y transpiración, mientras Alta floresta valores mayores de fotosíntesis. Las procedencias Ji-Paraná y Alta Floresta, en la fase de vivero, por presentar mayor asignación de biomasa del tronco (56.9%) y radicial (52.2%) respectivamente, demostró potencial mayor para el uso en silvicultura por lo que poderá propiciar mejor desempeño de las plantas en condiciones de campo.
Cohort profile: National Investigation of Birth Cohort in Korea study 2008 (NICKs-2008)
Authors: Kim Ju Hee , Lee Jung Eun , Shim So Min , Ha Eun Kyo , Yon Dong Keon , Kim Ok Hyang , Baek Ji Hyeon , Koh Hyun Yong , Chae Kyu Young , Lee Seung Won , Han Man Yong
Published: January 2021

Background: An adequate large-scale pediatric cohort based on nationwide administrative data is lacking in Korea.Purpose: This study established the National Investigation of Birth Cohort in Korea study 2008 (NICKs-2008) based on data from a nationwide population-based health screening program and data on healthcare utilization for children.Methods: The NICKs-2008 study consisted of the Korean National Health Insurance System (NHIS) and the National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children (NHSPIC) databases comprising children born in 2008 (n=469,248) and 2009 (n=448,459) in the Republic of Korea. The NHIS database contains data on age, sex, residential area, income, healthcare utilization (International Classification of Diseases-10 codes, procedure codes, and drug classification codes), and healthcare providers. The NHSPIC consists of 7 screening rounds. These screening sessions comprised physical examination, developmental screening (rounds 2–7), a general health questionnaire, and age-specific anticipatory guidance.Results: During the 10-year follow-up, 2,718 children (0.3%) died, including more boys than girls (hazard ratio, 1.145; P<0.001). A total of 848,048 children participated in at least 1 of the 7 rounds of the NHSPIC, while 96,046 participated in all 7 screening programs. A total of 823 infants (0.1%) weighed less than 1,000 g, 3,177 (0.4%) weighed 1,000–1,499 g, 37,166 (4.4%) weighed 1,500–2,499 g, 773,081 (91.4%) weighed 2,500–4,000 g, and 32,016 (5.1%) weighed over 4,000 g. There were 23,404 premature babies (5.5%) in 2008 compared to 23,368 (5.6%) in 2009. The developmental screening test indicated appropriate development in 95%–98% of children, follow-up requirements for 1%–4% of children, and recommendations for further evaluation for 1% of children.Conclusion: The NICKs-2008, which integrates data from the NHIS and NHSPIC databases, can be used to analyze disease onset prior to hospitalization based on information such as lifestyle, eating habits, and risk factors.
Non-pooled oak (Quercus spp.) stable isotopes reveal enhanced climate sensitivity compared to ring widths
Authors: Rybníček M , Kolář T , Ač A , Balek J , Koňasová E , Trnka M , Urban O , Büntgen U
Published: January 2021

Multi-centennial- to millennial-long oak (Quercusspp.) tree-ring width (TRW) chronologies from living and relict wood are frequently used for climate reconstructions, but the amount of explained hydroclimatic variation remains relatively small. Although stable carbon and oxygen isotopic ratios (δ13C and δ18O values) in tree rings may offer enhanced climate sensitivity, our understanding of their paleoclimatic sensitivity is still limited by the general lack of well-replicated and high-resolution datasets. Here, we assessed the temperature, precipitation, and drought signal of annual δ13C and δ18O values and TRW measurements from 21 oaks growing under different ecological settings in the Czech Republic. Compared to the overall low climate sensitivity of TRW, the δ13C and δ18O chronologies revealed significant positive and negative correlations with March-August mean temperature and hydroclimate (for the period 1901-2018), respectively. Additional tests on the effect of sample size demonstrated robust climate sensitivity of the isotopic chronologies when non-pooled alpha cellulose from the latewood of at least 6 individual oaks was used. Our study suggests that oak stable isotopes are possibly the best high-resolution paleoclimatic proxy for the Central European lowlands, as well as any other temperate habitat where oak wood has historically been used as construction timber, and where traditional tree-ring parameters, such as TRW, tend to fail.
The MULTIPLISITAS NEWTON DAN TITIK TETAP ATRAKTIF DALAM MENENTUKAN KEKONVERGENAN
Authors: Gunawan Gani
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Newton's method is one of the numerical methods used in finding polynomial roots. This method will be very effective to use, if the initial estimate of the roots for the Newton iteration function satisfies sufficient Newtonian convergence, [11]. In this article we will analyze the efficacy of this method by looking at the relationship between the fixed point method and Newton's iteration function. When the iteration of the function converges to the root, the velocity of convergence can also be determined. In terms of the speed of convergence, it turns out to be very dependent on the multiplicity of Newton's method itself.
Elucidating Interactions Between SARS-CoV-2 Trimeric Spike Protein and ACE2 Using Homology Modeling and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Sakkiah Sugunadevi , Guo Wenjing , Pan Bohu , Ji Zuowei , Yavas Gokhan , Azevedo Marli , Hawes Jessica , Patterson Tucker A. , Hong Huixiao
Published: January 2021

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As of October 21, 2020, more than 41.4 million confirmed cases and 1.1 million deaths have been reported. Thus, it is immensely important to develop drugs and vaccines to combat COVID-19. The spike protein present on the outer surface of the virion plays a major role in viral infection by binding to receptor proteins present on the outer membrane of host cells, triggering membrane fusion and internalization, which enables release of viral ssRNA into the host cell. Understanding the interactions between the SARS-CoV-2 trimeric spike protein and its host cell receptor protein, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), is important for developing drugs and vaccines to prevent and treat COVID-19. Several crystal structures of partial and mutant SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins have been reported; however, an atomistic structure of the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 trimeric spike protein complexed with ACE2 is not yet available. Therefore, in our study, homology modeling was used to build the trimeric form of the spike protein complexed with human ACE2, followed by all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate interactions at the interface between the spike protein and ACE2. Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MMPBSA) and in silico alanine scanning were employed to characterize the interacting residues at the interface. Twenty interacting residues in the spike protein were identified that are likely to be responsible for tightly binding to ACE2, of which five residues (Val445, Thr478, Gly485, Phe490, and Ser494) were not reported in the crystal structure of the truncated spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) complexed with ACE2. These data indicate that the interactions between ACE2 and the tertiary structure of the full-length spike protein trimer are different from those between ACE2 and the truncated monomer of the spike protein RBD. These findings could facilitate the development of drugs and vaccines to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and combat COVID-19.
Rutting Performance of Semi-Rigid Base Pavement in RIOHTrack and Laboratory Evaluation
Authors: Li Sheng , Fan Mengmeng , Xu Lukai , Tian Wendi , Yu Huanan , Xu Ke
Published: January 2021

Through a simple performance dynamic modulus test (SPT), standard rutting test, Hamburg rutting test, French rutting test and asphalt pavement analyzer rutting test, the rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures in the middle and lower courses of three semi-rigid base asphalt pavement of Beijing full-scale test track road in China was evaluated. The test results show that the rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures of the middle and lower courses can be greatly improved by using low-grade asphalt, especially 30# asphalt. The rutting resistance of SBS modified asphalt mixtures is also better. The SPT dynamic modulus test can indirectly characterize the rutting performance of the asphalt mixture. The rutting test results of a laser road detection vehicle and 3 m ruler show that the asphalt grade has a significant impact on the rutting performance of semi-rigid base asphalt pavement. Compared with 70# asphalt used in the middle and lower courses, the rutting resistance of the pavement structure can be improved by more than 20%. The result also show that the APA rutting test results can closely characterize the full-scale test track results, which is an optimal test method for evaluating the rutting performance of semi-rigid base asphalt pavement. The research results can provide a theoretical basis and reference for the rational design and rutting evaluation of semi-rigid base asphalt pavement.
Association Between Clinical Characteristics and Short-Term Outcomes in Adult Male COVID-19 Patients With Mild Clinical Symptoms: A Single-Center Observational Study
Authors: Yan Bailing , Song Lei , Guo Jia , Wang Yangyang , Peng Liping , Li Dan
Published: January 2021

Majority of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) exhibit mild symptoms. Identification of COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms who might develop into severe or critical illness is essential to save lives. We conducted an observational study in a dedicated make-shift hospital for adult male COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms between February and March 2020. Baseline characteristics, medical history, and clinical presentation were recorded. Laboratory tests and chest computed tomography were performed. Patients were observed until they were either transferred to a hospital for advanced care owing to disease exacerbation or were discharged after improvement. Patients were grouped based on their chest imaging findings or short-term outcomes. A total of 125 COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms were enrolled. Of these, 7 patients were transferred for advanced care while 118 patients were discharged after improvement and showed no disease recurrence during an additional 28-day follow-up period. Eighty-five patients (68.0%) had abnormal chest imaging findings. Patients with abnormal chest imaging findings were more likely to have disease deterioration and require advanced care as compared to those with normal chest imaging findings. Patients with deteriorated outcomes were more likely to have low peripheral blood oxygen saturation and moderately-elevated body temperature. There were no significant differences between patients with deteriorated or improved outcomes with respect to age, comorbidities, or other clinical symptoms (including nasal congestion, sore throat, cough, hemoptysis, sputum production, shortness of breath, fatigue, headache, nausea or vomiting, diarrhea). Abnormal chest imaging findings, low peripheral blood oxygen saturation, and elevated temperature were associated with disease deterioration in adult male COVID-19 patients with mild clinical symptoms.

Clinical Trial Registration: https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S0009RA3&selectaction=Edit&uid=U0003F4L&ts=2&cx=-ajpsbw, identifier NCT04346602.
A Study on Arrhythmia via ECG Signal Classification Using the Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Wu Mengze , Lu Yongdi , Yang Wenli , Wong Shen Yuong
Published: January 2021

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death today. The current identification method of the diseases is analyzing the Electrocardiogram (ECG), which is a medical monitoring technology recording cardiac activity. Unfortunately, looking for experts to analyze a large amount of ECG data consumes too many medical resources. Therefore, the method of identifying ECG characteristics based on machine learning has gradually become prevalent. However, there are some drawbacks to these typical methods, requiring manual feature recognition, complex models, and long training time. This paper proposes a robust and efficient 12-layer deep one-dimensional convolutional neural network on classifying the five micro-classes of heartbeat types in the MIT- BIH Arrhythmia database. The five types of heartbeat features are classified, and wavelet self-adaptive threshold denoising method is used in the experiments. Compared with BP neural network, random forest, and other CNN networks, the results show that the model proposed in this paper has better performance in accuracy, sensitivity, robustness, and anti-noise capability. Its accurate classification effectively saves medical resources, which has a positive effect on clinical practice.
Technology-Assisted Self-Regulated English Language Learning: Associations With English Language Self-Efficacy, English Enjoyment, and Learning Outcomes
Authors: An Zhujun , Wang Chuang , Li Siying , Gan Zhengdong , Li Hong
Published: January 2021

This study investigated Chinese university students’ technology-assisted self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies and whether the technology-based SRL strategies mediated the associations between English language self-efficacy, English enjoyment, and learning outcomes. Data were collected from 525 undergraduate students in mainland China through three self-report questionnaires and the performance on an English language proficiency test. While students reported an overall moderate level of SRL strategies, they reported a high level of technology-based vocabulary learning strategies. A statistically significant positive relationship was noted between the use of technology-based SRL strategies and students’ English learning outcomes. English language self-efficacy and English language enjoyment were both related to technology-based SRL strategies. Furthermore, SRL strategies fully mediated the relationship between English enjoyment and English learning outcomes, but the association between English enjoyment and SRL strategies was only partially mediated by English language self-efficacy. Pedagogically, findings of this study suggest that training and instruction aimed at promotion of modern educational technology among students need to give attention to developing their strategic awareness of motivation regulation in optimizing effectiveness of their technology use in learning the target language.
Effect of a Berry Polyphenolic Fraction on Biofilm Formation, Adherence Properties and Gene Expression of Streptococcus mutans and Its Biocompatibility with Oral Epithelial Cells
Authors: Souissi Mariem , Ben Lagha Amel , Chaieb Kamel , Grenier Daniel
Published: January 2021

The ability of Streptococcus mutans to adhere to oral surfaces and form biofilm is a key step in the tooth decay process. The aim of this study was to investigate a berry (wild blueberry, cranberry, and strawberry) polyphenolic fraction, commercialized as Orophenol®, for its antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and anti-adhesion properties on S. mutans. Moreover, the biocompatibility of the fraction with human oral epithelial cells was assessed. Phenolic acids, flavonoids (flavonols, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols), and procyanidins made up 10.71%, 19.76%, and 5.29% of the berry polyphenolic fraction, respectively, as determined by chromatography and mass spectrometry. The berry polyphenolic preparation dose-dependently inhibited S. mutans biofilm formation while not reducing bacterial growth. At concentrations ranging from 250 to 1000 µg/mL, the fraction inhibited the adhesion of S. mutans to both saliva-coated hydroxyapatite and saliva-coated nickel–chrome alloy. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that incubating S. mutans with the berry polyphenolic fraction was associated with a reduced expression of luxS gene, which regulates quorum sensing in S. mutans. The berry fraction did not show any significant cytotoxicity in an oral epithelial cell model. In conclusion, Orophenol®, which is a mixture of polyphenols from wild blueberry, cranberry and strawberry, possesses interesting anti-caries properties while being compatible with oral epithelial cells.
Qualitative and Quantitative Ovarian and Peripheral Blood Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Alterations: Mechanisms and Implications for Female Fertility
Authors: Busnelli Andrea , Navarra Annalisa , Levi-Setti Paolo Emanuele
Published: January 2021

The reduction of female fertility over time is considered as a natural consequence of ovarian aging. The exact mechanism underlying this process is not fully elucidated. However, it is becoming increasingly evident that qualitative and quantitative mitochondrial genome alterations might play a relevant role. The former include mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage caused by oxidative stress, the accumulation of acquired mtDNA mutations, the effects of inherited mtDNA mutations, and alterations in the mitochondrial stress response mechanism. The latter refer to alterations in the oocytes, granuolosa cells, and embryonic cells mtDNA content. The present review aims to investigate the evidence about: (1) the effect of qualitative and quantitative mtDNA alterations on female fertility, paying particular attention to those with a pathophysiology characterized by a relevant role of oxidative stress; (2) the use of oocytes, granulosa cells (GCs), embryonic cells, and peripheral blood cells mtDNA copy number as a female fertility surrogate biomarker; (3) experimental therapies tested to try to subvert the ovarian aging process with particular reference to antioxidant treatments.
Can Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Be a Good Model for the Investigation of the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet in Humans?
Authors: Methenitis Spyridon , Stergiou Ioanna , Antonopoulou Smaragdi , Nomikos Tzortzis
Published: January 2021

Subclinical, low-grade, inflammation is one of the main pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the majority of chronic and non-communicable diseases. Several methodological approaches have been applied for the assessment of the anti-inflammatory properties of nutrition, however, their impact in human body remains uncertain, because of the fact that the majority of the studies reporting anti-inflammatory effect of dietary patterns, have been performed under laboratory settings and/or in animal models. Thus, the extrapolation of these results to humans is risky. It is therefore obvious that the development of an inflammatory model in humans, by which we could induce inflammatory responses to humans in a regulated, specific, and non-harmful way, could greatly facilitate the estimation of the anti-inflammatory properties of diet in a more physiological way and mechanistically relevant way. We believe that exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) could serve as such a model, either in studies investigating the homeostatic responses of individuals under inflammatory stimuli or for the estimation of the anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory potential of dietary patterns, foods, supplements, nutrients, or phytochemicals. Thus, in this review we discuss the possibility of exercise-induced muscle damage being an inflammation model suitable for the assessment of the anti-inflammatory properties of diet in humans.
Electrochemical Nucleation and Growth Mechanism of Aluminum on AZ31 Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Zhang Jinling , Li Yelei , Zhang Xiaomin , Yu Yanchong , Wang Shebin
Published: January 2021

In this study, the nucleation and growth kinetics behavior of aluminum (Al) were investigated in the Choline-chloride (ChCl)-urea deep eutectic solvent (DES) ionic liquids. The studies of cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometry demonstrated that the electrodeposition process of Al was controlled by three-dimensional progressive nucleation and instantaneous nucleation. And the growth of nuclei is a diffusion-controlled process. The diffusion coefficient of Al ions was calculated at 343 K, that is, 1.773 × 10−10 cm2/s. The Al coating was obtained on the surface of the AZ31 magnesium alloy electrode under appropriate conditions. According to the surface morphology of the Al film, it could be inferred that the theoretical deposit thickness is similar to the actual thickness, and the apparent diffusion rate of Al ions is slower than the diffusion coefficient in the electrolytes. So, in the later deposition, lamellar Al along the diffusion direction were formed, and lamellar depleted Al zones existed around the big grain Al-rich region.
Polymorphism Analysis of pfmdr1 and pfcrt from Plasmodium falciparum Isolates in Northwestern Nigeria Revealed the Major Markers Associated with Antimalarial Resistance
Authors: Adam Ruqayya , Mukhtar Muhammad M. , Abubakar Umar F. , Damudi Hajara A. , Muhammad Abdullahi , Ibrahim Sulaiman S.
Published: January 2021

Suspicion of failure in the effectiveness of artemisinin-based combination therapies (currently the first-line treatment of malaria, worldwide) is leading to the unofficial use of alternative antimalarials, including chloroquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine, across northern Nigeria. To facilitate evidence-based resistance management, antimalarial resistance mutations were investigated in Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance-1 (pfmdr1) and chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt), in isolates from Kano, northwestern Nigeria. Out of the 88 samples genotyped for pfmdr1 N86Y mutation using PCR/restriction fragment length polymorphism, one sample contained the 86Y mutation (86Yfrequency = 1.14%). The analysis of 610 bp fragments of pfmdr1 from 16 isolates revealed two polymorphic sites and low haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.492), with only 86 Y mutations in one isolate, and 184 F replacements in five isolates (184Ffrequency = 31.25%). The analysis of 267 bp fragments of pfcrt isolates revealed high polymorphism (Hd = 0.719), with six haplotypes and seven non-synonymous polymorphic sites. Eleven isolates (61.11%) were chloroquine-resistant, CQR (C72V73I74E75T76 haplotype), two of which had an additional mutation, D57E. An additional sequence was CQR, but of the C72V73M74E75T76 haplotype, while the rest of the sequences (33.33%) were chloroquine susceptible (C72V73M74N75K76 haplotype). The findings of these well characterized resistance markers should be considered when designing resistance management strategies in the northwestern Nigeria.
A Probable Origin of Dibenzothiophenes in Coals and Oils
Authors: Ji Yu , Yao Qiang , Cao Weihong , Zhao Yueying
Published: January 2021

To probe the possibility of thiophenolate as an origin of dibenzothiophenes (DBTs) and establish the detailed chemical transformations from thiophenolate to DBTs, the thermal degradation of thiophenolate has been carried out at various temperatures. The characterizations of both gaseous products and solid residues indicate that DBTs together with benzene, diphenyl sulfide, and diphenyl disulfide are the major degradation products. The presence of benzene supports that the thermal degradation of thiophenolate begins with the homolysis of Ar‒H bonds. The subsequent hydroarylation followed by the elimination and cyclization reactions facilely generates DBTs. The transformation of thiophenolate to DBTs is chemically simple and highly geochemically feasible. It readily unifies the chemical pathways involved in the generation of DBTs from thiophenolate and that of dibenzofurans from phenolate in nature.
Relieving Tensions on Battery Energy Sources Utilization among TSO, DSO, and Service Providers with Multi-Objective Optimization
Authors: Celli Gianni , Pilo Fabrizio , Pisano Giuditta , Ruggeri Simona , Soma Gian Giuseppe
Published: January 2021

The European strategic long-term vision underlined the importance of a smarter and flexible system for achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Distributed energy resources (DERs) could provide the required flexibility products. Distribution system operators (DSOs) cooperating with TSO (transmission system operators) are committed to procuring these flexibility products through market-based procedures. Among all DERs, battery energy storage systems (BESS) are a promising technology since they can be potentially exploited for a broad range of purposes. However, since their cost is still high, their size and location should be optimized with a view of maximizing the revenues for their owners. Intending to provide an instrument for the assessment of flexibility products to be shared between DSO and TSO to ensure a safe and secure operation of the system, the paper proposes a planning methodology based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). Contrasting objectives, as the maximization of the BESS owners’ revenue and the minimization of the DSO risk inherent in the use of the innovative solutions, can be considered by identifying trade-off solutions. The proposed model is validated by applying the methodology to a real Italian medium voltage (MV) distribution network.
The Mechanical Properties of PVC Nanofiber Mats Obtained by Electrospinning
Authors: Pham Le Quoc , Uspenskaya Mayya V. , Olekhnovich Roman O. , Baranov Mikhail A.
Published: January 2021

This paper investigates the mechanical properties of oriented polyvinyl chloride (PVC) nanofiber mats, which, were obtained by electrospinning a PVC solution. PVC was dissolved in a solvent mixture of tetrahydrofuran/dimethylformamide. Electrospinning parameters used in our work were, voltage 20 kV; flow rate 0.5 mL/h; the distance between the syringe tip and collector was 15 cm. The rotating speed of the drum collector was varied from 500 to 2500 rpm with a range of 500 rpm. Nanofiber mats were characterized by scanning electron microscope, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry methods. The mechanical properties of PVC nanofiber mats, such as tensile strength, Young’s modulus, thermal degradation, and glass transition temperature were also analyzed. It was shown that, by increasing the collector’s rotation speed from 0 (flat plate collector) to 2500 rpm (drum collector), the average diameter of PVC nanofibers decreased from 313 ± 52 to 229 ± 47 nm. At the same time, it was observed that the mechanical properties of the resulting nanofiber mats were improved: tensile strength increased from 2.2 ± 0.2 MPa to 9.1 ± 0.3 MPa, Young’s modulus from 53 ± 14 to 308 ± 19 MPa. Thermogravimetric analysis measurements showed that there was no difference in the process of thermal degradation of nanofiber mats and PVC powders. On the other hand, the glass transition temperature of nanofiber mats and powders did show different values, such values were 77.5 °C and 83.2 °C, respectively.
Monolithic Solvers for Incompressible Two-Phase Flows at Large Density and Viscosity Ratios
Authors: El Ouafa Mohamed , Vincent Stephane , Le Chenadec Vincent
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we investigate the accuracy and robustness of three classes of methods for solving two-phase incompressible flows on a staggered grid. Here, the unsteady two-phase flow equations are simulated by finite volumes and penalty methods using implicit and monolithic approaches (such as the augmented Lagrangian and the fully coupled methods), where all velocity components and pressure variables are solved simultaneously (as opposed to segregated methods). The interface tracking is performed with a Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) method, using the Piecewise Linear Interface Construction (PLIC) technique. The home code Fugu is used for implementing the various methods. Our target application is the simulation of two-phase flows at high density and viscosity ratios, which are known to be challenging to simulate. The resulting strategies of monolithic approaches will be proven to be considerably better suited for these two-phase cases, they also allow to use larger time step than segregated methods.