bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IJTIHAD SAHABAT DI TENGAH PERGUMULAN TRANSFORMASI PEMIKIRAN HUKUM
Authors: Ermayani Tri
Published: March 2020

Ijtihad merupakan dasar hukum yang ketiga sesudah al-Qur’an dan as-Sunnah. Meski demikian kadang ada yang mempertanyakan atau bahkan mempertentangkan tentang nilai akurat dan validitasnya. Terlepas dari berbagai tanggapan atau argumen masing-masing para tokoh hukum Islam, ada baiknya kita menengok setting kehidupan para sahabat ketika mereka melakukan sesuatu hal yang berkaitan dengan legalitas ijtihad di tengah kebutuhan akan kepastian hukum atas sesuatu perkara yang muncul di setiap waktu dalam kehidupan yang sarat akan perkembangan dan perubahan. Sepeninggal Rasulullah berbagai perkembangan dan perubahan dalam kehidupan ini semakin mengisyaratkan perlunya ijtihad. Berbagai persoalan yang sangat kompleks bermunculan, sehingga memerlukan kepastian hukum, karena akan diterapkan untuk kehidupan ummat Islam yang sesuai dengan Syariat Islam. Oleh karena itu, perlu juga ummat Islam memahami hukum dari aspek historis. Ijtihad di zaman sahabat telah dicontohkan oleh para sahabat, seperti: Abu Bakar ash-Shiddiq, Umar bin Khaththab, dan Ali bin Abi Thalib. Masing-masing sahabat pun memiliki kecenderungan maupun orientasi yang khas tentang pemikirannya. Hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh sikap mental dan ketajaman pola pikir mereka. Namun demikian perbedaan tersebut tidaklah menjadi pertentangan, sebaliknya semua perbedaan itu justru dijadikan sebagai landasan untuk bersikap lebih arif. Rasulullah sesungguhnya telah mengisyaratkan tentang perbedaan di kalangan ummat Islam justru akan membawa rahmat.
POLEMIK EPISTEMOLOGI PANCASILA DAN DEMOKRASI YANG KONSTRUKTIF BESERTA IMPLEMENTASINYA
Authors: Tasma Agustinus Edward , Santoso Heru
Published: February 2020

As cristalization values of Indonesion basics, Pancasila has reflections of our self of Nations. Pancasila has representation of everything differents in Nusantara Islands. With Pancasila it can be used on missions for our governents. In Indonesian conditions has wached essential of Pancasila as phylosophies groundlach and we have concern of phylosophy  as way of live by differents in Indonesian governent.
PENGINGKARAN HAK MASYARAKAT ADAT ATAS TANAH ULAYAT OLEH KEBIJAKAN KEHUTANAN
Authors: Widihastuti Setiati
Published: February 2020

Forest is the part of customary system of the tribe society. However, the forest management done by them is not facilitated in the forestry policy. The centralistic forestry policy causes the overlapping conception of the tribe forest to the state  forest. While it formal normative aspect causes the acces of the tribes to the forest closed and causes reduction of wisdom-based supervision conducted by them. In fact, the community wisdom-based supervision in the socio-culture potential needing a revitalization and  development as the new basis of the change of natural resources management policy which is recently controlled by the goverment proved to be the cause of law and economy harassment to the tribes society of Indonesia. Now we need to change the perception about the forest natural recource management policy controlled only by the government of the forestry instances. It should be the policy based on the community and its development principles to realize the regulation of the forest natural resources consumption. Therefore, the area division is needed to overcome the problems.
MENANAMKAN NILAI PANCASILA PADA ANAK SEJAK USIA DINI
Authors: Nany S Y Ch
Published: March 2020

Nilai Pancasila sangat tepat bila ditanamkan pada anak sejak masih usia dini. Hal ini dimaksudkan agar setelah mereka dewasa, mereka akan terbiasa dengan perbuatan dan tingkah laku yang sesuai dengan nilai-nilai Pancasila. Anak sangat membutuhkan bimbingan dari orang lain terutama orangtua untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai Pancasila tersebut. Hal tersebut bisa dilakukan dengan permainan, lagu, rekreasi serta cara-cara lain yang menyenangkan bagi anak. Namun, anak usia dini juga perlu untuk diberikan pendidikan di sekolah, agar penanaman nilai Pancasila tertanam lebih mendalam dalam jiwanya. Menanamkan moral pada anak sejak usia dini juga sangat diperlukan. Dengan demikian, anak bisa mengembangkan sikap dan perilaku yang didasari oleh nilai-nilai Pancasila, agar dia tumbuh menjadi anak yang mempunyai akhlak mulia yang mempunyai moral sesuai harapan bangsa.
FILSAFAT JAWA DALAM SERAT WEDHATAMA
Authors: Wibawa Sutrisna
Published: February 2020

This study aims to explore and formulate a philosophical concepts of Javanese Philosophy in Serat Wedhatama. The data sources were Serat Wedhatama. The data were analyzed using a hermeneutics method. The  findings as follows Serat Wedhatama contains noble teachings to develop the spiritual aspect which became oneof the Javanese’s basic spiritual activityappreciations. The final of spiritual activity which taughtby Serat Wedhatama is to find the true life, better self-understanding, manunggaling kawula-Gusti, and to receive the grace of God by seeing the secrets of supernatural things. This is in accordance with the Javanese’s philosophy, which emphasizes the importance of the perfection of life (Ngudi kasampurnan), that humanis alwaysconnected to the environment, namely God and the universe, and believes the unity of Him (manunggaling kawula Gusti). Key words: Javanese Philosophy, Serat Wedhatama
TRANSLITERASI NASKAH MANUSKRIP JAWA: UPAYA NYATA PENYEDIAAN BAHAN PEMBELAJARAN DAN PENELITIAN KEBUDAYAAN JAWA
Authors: Mulyana -
Published: February 2020

The aim of research is give lesson materials and research about Javanese manuscripts. The method used to explore manuscript is transliteration. Namely, transfering from source letter to target letter, and more transliteration from old Javanese language to Indonesian language.The reaearch desaign is R and D (research and development). The subject matter are students of Ekspresi Tulis Lanjut , in class G, H, and A in javanese department. The collecting of data used to observation, dokument analysis, and tasks. The object of research is Javanese manuscripts as the result of translation in the class.The results of this research are materials javanese manuscripts, namely: (1) serat Darma laksita, (2) Serat Kudhup sari, and (3) Serat Kumandaka. The third of Javanese manuscripts contens etics, relegion and aestetic that very important for lesson and research. The form of manuscripts are tembang Macapat and gerongan songs. The manuscripts letter can read clearly and easely. Finnaly, the results of research very important for students, teachers, lecturer, and all of academics people.Key words: javanese manuscript, transliteration
MARGINALISASI PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL BALI DALAM DUNIA ELEKTRONIK: ANTARA IDEALISME DAN PASAR
Authors: Suardiana I Wayan
Published: March 2020

Play, is one of the world's human generation that is growing. Some of the growth of the nation 's important to be good then be given room to play. Because play requires space and time means a representative then becomes important prepare before they start the game.In this era of universality, space and time for our children increasingly limited due to the damage of environment where they play and the strong influence of the modern game. Public space, in the days of regional autonomy is increasingly less attention because each district are competing to increase Natural Revenue District (PAD ) in order to fund the development, so it is not rare that the public arenas constructed notes as one of the play follow exploited. Meanwhile, time to play collectively more narrow in the middle of modern games mushrooming of imports that can be done individually by the children of the archipelago.Provide space for our children to play forward important to note, especially entering into the realm of traditional games such as modern technology, for example. By entering the realm of traditional games to modern, the latter has familiarly by our children then the opportunity to know the game was more open. Keywords: Traditional games, marginalization, and the electronic world.
MAKNA FILOSOFIS BANGUNAN KRATON SURAKARTA
Authors: Purwadi -
Published: February 2020

This article will describe about symbolic meaning and phylosophy value in Kraton Surakarta.In 1745 Sunan Paku Buwono II moved his court to nearby Surakarta where he had built a new palace. When the king ordered to move the capital city of Kartasura eastward to the banks of Javas longest river, it was certainly not without reasons. At that time over land communica­tion was scarce because of inaccesible swamps, high mountain ranges and impenetrable forests. But the city must have its outlet, its contact with outer islands and Bengawan then was the only economic and social life line. Keyword: Kraton Surakarta, phylosophy, symbolic
TOPIKALISASI SEBAGAI SARANA MEMAHAMI ISI WACANA SERAT SANA SUNU
Authors: Meilawati Avi
Published: March 2020

This research aims to describe the topics in the ninth chapter of Serat Sana Sunu, how the topicalization and what topics which build the discoure. It  consists of 34 stanza The theme on chapter IX focuses on how to say politely. The data collects by reading and noting. The data analyzing by finding the topiks from each stanza, each sentence, and word. The second step is describing the data through the descriptive way. There are two types of topicalitation. First, the author describes the topic full in one paragraph. Second, the topic separate in many paragraps. The starting topic is not only in the first line each paragraph, but also in the middle or in the last line. There are two big theme in the chapter; the seven talking interdiction and the polite way to say in many conditions. The seven interdictions are lie, gossip, say something bad about someone else, arrogant, say jokingly, conceited, and say something unuseful. The other commands are to say in polite way to brother, sister; politeness as a servant, and the way to say in a meeting or forum. The rules in chapter IX from Serat Sana Sunu can be used as a reminder to be polite. It also can be an alternative way to solve the young generation problem to say in a better way. Keywords: topic, Serat Sana Sunu
UNSUR KEBUDAYAAN JAWA DALAM TEKS PAMORIPUN SARÉNGAT, TARÉKAT, KAKÉKAT, LAN MAKRIFAT
Authors: Mulyani Hesti
Published: February 2020

Teks Pamoripun Saréngat, Tarékat, Kakékat, lan Makrifat adalah salah satu teks yang dimuat di dalam naskah Sêrat Suluk Rasa Sêjati. Teks tersebut termasuk di dalam pengelompokan teks sastra jenis suluk atau piwulang. Teks jenis suluk atau piwulang berisi uraian tentang ajaran manunggal-nya hamba dengan Tuhannya (manunggaling kawula Gusti), yakni perjalanan batin manusia dalam mencapai kesempurnaan hidup.  Untuk menggali, mengungkapkan, dan memaknai ajaran manunggaling kawula Gusti yang terdapat di dalam teks PSTKM, yakni syariat, tarekat, hakikat, dan makrifat dilakukan dengan mendeskripsikan bentuk gubahan, membuat alih tulis, dan menganalisis isinya secara deskriptif. Analisis isi teks dilakukan berdasarkan tujuh unsur kebudayaan dengan penekanan pada unsur kebahasaan, kesusastraan, dan kebudayaan.Hasil dan pembahasan bentuk dan isi yang terkandung dalam teks PSTKM meliputi: (1) unsur kebahasaan: aksara yang digunakan untuk menuliskan teks, memahami rangkaian kata-kata puitis, membuat parafrase, dan terjemahan teks; (2) unsur kesusastraan: bentuk gubahan yang dipergunakan adalah puisi tradisional Jawa (têmbang macapat) dengan matra tunggal Dhandhanggula yang berwatak fleksibel dan menyenangkan, konvensi têmbang Dhandhanggula; dan (3) unsur kebudayaan: konsep manunggaling kawula Gusti, yakni syariat, tarekat, hakikat, dan makrifat sebagai sarana menuju insan kamil atau manusia berada sedekat-dekatnya dengan Tuhan. Kata kunci: unsur kebudayaan Jawa, naskah - teksAbstrakText Pamoripun Saréngat, Tarékat, Kakékat, lan Makrifat are some of texts in Sêrat Suluk Rasa Sêjati literature, as suluk or piwulang literature. The Suluk literature contains the doctrine of the unity of man into their God. It is like the journey to reach the perfection of life.The data were analyzed descriptively based on the description of literary work, translation. This study also analyzed the content based on seven culture elements. The results of content analysis are found in the 1) linguistic aspect: the alphabets which were used to write the text, knowing the poem, paraphrasing, and translating; 2) literary aspects: the literature genre used were Javanese traditional poems with one matra Dhandhanggula, and 3) cultural aspects: manunggaling kawula Gusti concepts: syariat, tarekat, hakikat, and makrifat which were used as a guidance to know their God.Keywords: Javanese culture, text
URGENSI PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN BAGI FEMINISME DALAM SOSIAL KULTURAL MASYARAKAT JAWA
Authors: Karimah Rofikatul
Published: February 2020

Pendidikan dan pelatihan adalah unsure terpenting dalam kehidupan, dengan proses pendidikan, perubahan pengetahuan akan berdampak pada pemahaman manusia terhadap kosntruksi social yang berkembang merugikan pada posisi perempuan. Budaya masyarakat Jawa yang menjunjung tinggi nilai keteladanan, kebersamaan dan kesejahteraan bersama menunjukkan perempuan dapat berperan sebagai public rool dan domestic rool. Peningkatan kualitas perempuan harus didukung oleh kebijakan Pemerintah untuk diimplementasikan, agar kesadaran menyeluruh terhadap peran perempuan dalam menciptakan tujuan Negara untuk mensejahterakan rakyat dapat dilakukan dan menghilangkan diskriminasi terhadap kaum perempuan.Kata Kunci: Pendidikan dan Pelatihan, Feminisme
PERAN DUKUN TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN PERADABAN BUDAYA MASYARAKAT JAWA
Authors: Huda M. Dimyati
Published: February 2020

Perkembangan peradaban manusia sejalan dengan perkembangan zaman yang menuntut suatu perubahan, dan perubahan diidentifikasikan suatu hal yang menjadi lebih baik, nyaman dan mampu menyelesaikan segala persoalan kehidupan. Pada kenyataannya persoalan selalu muncul dari sendi kehidupan baik masalah politik, ekonomi maupun kesehatan. Hal tersebut memicu sebagaian masyarakat yang berusaha menyelesaikan problematika dengan caranya dan alternative yang diambil dengan mendatangi seorang dukun atau paranormal. Sejarah eksistensi dukun dalam masyarakat Jawa tidak terlepas dari lahirnya keyakinan dan kepercayaan yang sudah melekat pada masyarakat sejak nenek moyang hingga berkembangnya peradaban budaya Jawa saat ini dan untuk hal tersebut pada kenyataannya peran dukun terhadap perkembangan peradaban budaya Jawa  berpengaruh terhadap kehidupan social masyarakat Jawa.Kata kunci: dukun, Perkembangan Peradaban
GAMELAN SEKATEN DAN PENYEBARAN ISLAM DI JAWA
Authors: Daryanto Joko
Published: March 2020

Penyebaran Islam di Jawa menggunakan berbagai cara ataupun metode dakwah penyebaran Islam. Salah satu sarana pendukung penyebaran Islam di Pulau Jawa adalah gamelan Sekaten. Perangkat gamelan ini merupakan perangkat gamelan yang dibunyikan untuk memperingati kelahiran Nabi Muhammad SAW, dibunyikan selama satu minggu di Bangsal Pagongan depan Masjid Agung Surakarta.Sebelum orang Jawa mengenal dan memeluk agama Islam, masyarakat Jawa telah memeluk agama Hindu dan Budha. Kondisi sosial psikologis masyarakat Jawa semacam itu rupanya menjadi hambatan para wali untuk menyebarkan agama Islam. Pada akhirnya Sunan Kalijaga mengusulkan agar menggunakan gamelan sebagai daya tarik awal bagi penyebaran agama Islam. Gamelan Sekaten yang digunakan sebagai sarana penyebaran agama Islam di Jawa diduga kuat memiliki nilai-nilai atau unsur-unsur Islam dalam perangkat tersebut.Setting masyarakat Jawa pada saat itu masih memiliki keyakinan yang sangat kuat terhadap agama Hindu dan Budha sehingga diperlukan alat bantu dalam hal ini gamelan Sekaten untuk memudahkan para wali menyebarkan agama Islam. Strategi dakwah dengan menggunakan gamelan Sekaten ternyata sangat menarik dan efektif untuk mengumpulkan orang. Diawali dengan ketertarikan terhadap bunyi gamelan Sekaten akhirnya masyarakat Jawa mengenal dan akhirnya memeluk Islam sebagai keyakinan. ProsesIslamisasi seperti itu selanjutnya disebutsebagai dakwah dengan menggunakan pendekatan kultural.Kata kunci: gamelan, sekaten, Islam, Jawa The spreading of Islamic faith in Java uses many ways or methods to propagate Islamic faith. One of the medium which is support the spreading of Islam in Java is ‘Gamelan Sekaten’. It is kind of an ensemble which is played on the occasion of Muhammad’s birthday and played as long as 1 week in ‘Bangsal Pagongan’ in front of the Great Mosque Surakarta. Before Javanese people knowing and converting into Islamic faith, Javanese people have been converted into Hindu Buddhist faith. This psychological social condition of Javanese people becomes the obstacle for the nine muslim saints, Wali Sanga, to spread Islamic faith. Sunan Kalijaga suggested using ‘gamelan’ as the attractiveness of spreading Islam. The ‘Gamelan Sekaten’ which is used as a medium of spreading Islam in Java strongly assumed that this medium has value or element of Islam. The setting of Javanese people in that time still had a strong faith toward Hindu Buddhist faith, so it required a tool, in this case is a ‘gamelan sekaten’, to facilitate the nine muslim saints in spreading Islamic Faith.This religious proselytizing strategy which is use ‘gamelan sekaten’ as a medium appears to be very interesting effective to gather people. Begins with feel interest to ‘gameln sekaten’, finally, Javanese people know and convert into Islam as their faith. This Islamization process, called as religious proselytizing using cultural approach.Key words: ‘Gamelan Sekaten’. Spreading of Islamic Faith, Cultural Approach
IRAWAN SEBAGAI KORBAN MEDAN PERANG DALAM PERISTIWA KEMATIAN IRAWAN MENURUT SASTRA LAKON TRADISI PEDALANGAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Sulanjari Bambang
Published: February 2020

Naratif Kematian Irawan menurut tradisi pedalangan Yogyakarta telah mengalami “pergeseran” dari induknya: Mahabharata Sansekerta. Menurut tradisi pedalangan Yogyakarta Irawan mati sebelum perang baratayuda dimulai. Naratif kematian Irawan seperti itu, tidak dijumpai dalam Mahabharata Sansekerta maupun kitab-kitab Jawa Kuna.Pergeseran letak naratif kematian Irawan dalam tradisi pedalangan Yogyakarta tersebut, tampaknya bukan hal yang tanpa alasan, karena lakon yang memuat naratif tersebut termasuk Lakon Baratayuda, yaitu lakon yang dikeramatkan dan sangat ketat diwariskan. Untuk memahami kasus ini dilakukan pengkajian tokoh seperti yang pernah dilakukan oleh Alf Hiltebeitel yang berhasil menembus makna Mahabharata melalui pendekatan epik, mite, dan ritual.Peristiwa kematian Irawan dalam tradisi pedalangan Yogyakarta erat kaitannnya dengan Baratayuda. Terbunuhnya Irawan rupanya menyarankan ke arah upacara korban pada tataran ritual. Naratif kematian Irawan tersebut rupanya mengacu pada pemujaan kepada Durga pembunuh Mahisasura. Dengan terlaksananya korban Irawan, maka Pandawa pun memperoleh jaminan kemenangan dalam Baratayuda.Kata kunci: kematian Irawan; tradisi pedalangan Yogyakarta; pendekatan epik, mite dan ritual AbstractThe death of Irawan narrative in the tradition of Yogyakarta puppetry has undergone a "shift" of the origin text: Sanskrit Mahabharata. According to the tradition of Yogyakarta puppetry Irawan die before the Baratayuda war began. Irawan death narrative as such, is not found in the Sanskrit Mahabharata and the books of the Old Javanese.Shifting the narrative the death of Irawan in Yogyakarta puppetry tradition, it seems is not without reason, because the lakon that contains the narrative included Baratayuda lakon, that lakon is sacred and very tight inherited. To understand this case do figures study such ever undertaken by Alf Hiltebeitel who was penetrates the meaning of the Mahabharata through epic, myth, and ritual approach.Irawan death scene in the traditions of Yogyakarta puppetry connected closely with Baratayuda. The kill of Irawan apparently suggested direction sacrifice at the level of ritual approach. The death of Irawan narrative was apparently referring to the cult of Durga Mahisasura killer. With the implementation of Irawan victim, the Pandavas victory was assured in Baratayuda.Key words: the death of Irawan; the tradition of Yogyakarta puppetry; epic, myth, and ritual approach
Pandangan Multikultural Ki Padmasusastra Melalui Empat Karya Sastranya
Authors: Wisnu Wibowo Prasetyo Adi
Published: March 2020

Ki Padmasusastra (1843-1926) yang sering menyebut dirinya dengan nama tiyang mardika ingkang marsudi kasusastran Jawi ing Surakarta adalah penulis dan pemerhati bahasa, sastra, dan budaya Jawa setelah era para pujangga Jawa. Ki Padmasusastra walaupun tertarik dan menerima norma-norma sastra dan budaya Eropa, akan tetapi ia tetap mengabdikan diri pada sastra dan budaya Jawa tradisional. Kehadiran empat karya sastranya memiliki warna dan keunikan tersendiri yang menempatkan Ki Padmasusastra sebagai salah satu pengarang Jawa yang terkenal. Pandangan-pandangan multikultural, pemikiran, kreativitas, maupun keteladanan semangat Ki Padmasusastra sebagai seorang pengarang telah berhasil membangun karakter bangsa melalui karya sastra.Kata kunci: Ki Padmasusastra, karya sastra, pandangan multikultural. AbstractKi Padmasusastra (1843-1926) is often called himself by the name tiyang mardika ingkang Marsudi kasusastran Jawi ing Surakarta is a writer and observer of language, literature, and culture of Java after the era of the poets of Java. Ki Padmasusastra although interested and accepted norms of European literature and culture, but he remains devoted to literature and traditional Javanese culture. The presence of four literary works have colors and unique that puts Ki Padmasusastra as one of the authors of the famous Java. The views multicultural, thinking, creativity, and the exemplary spirit of Ki Padmasusastra as an author has succeeded in building the character of the nation through literary works.Keywords: Ki Padmasusastra, literature, multicultural outlook.
MERUNUT LEADERSHIP CHARACTERS RAJA-RAJA JAWA BERDASARKAN MANUSKRIP KLASIK
Authors: Nurhayati Endang , Mulyani Hesti , Ekowati Venny Indria
Published: March 2020

ABSTRAKPenelitian yang berjudul Merunut Leadership Characters Raja-Raja Jawa Berdasarkan Manuskrip Klasik dan Implementasinya pada Kepemimpinan Masa Kini ini bertujuan untuk: mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai kepemimpinan para raja Jawa yang terkandung dalam manuskrip Jawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan dengan sumber data berupa manuskrip klasik Jawa yang berjudul Serat Wedhatama dan Serat Wulangreh. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan, Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan, didapatkan simpulan bahwa leadership characters yang paling ditekankan dalam dua karya sastra karangan raja-raja Jawa ini berturut-turut adalah: rendah hati, waspada, sabar, taat beragama, prihatin, suka bekerja keras, mampu mengintrospeksi diri, berpendirian teguh, menjunjung tinggi nilai kesusilaan, tekun, santun, dan lain-lain.Kata kunci: karakter kepemimpinan, raja, Jawa, manuskrip ABSTRACTThe research entitled Leadership Characters of Java Kings Based on Classical Manuscripts and Its Implementation on Today's Leadership aims to: describe the values of the leadership of the Javanese kings contained in the Javanese manuscripts. This research uses literature research method with data source in the form of Javanese classical manuscript entitled Serat Wedhatama and Serat Wulangreh. Based on the results of the discussion, the analysis is done by using qualitative analysis techniques. Based on the results of the discussion, it is found that the most emphasized leadership characters in these two works of literary essay of Javanese kings are: humble, alert, patient, devout, concerned, hardworking, able to introspect, uphold the value of decency, diligence, courteous, and others.Keywords: leadership characters, kings in java, manuscript
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA JAWA DI SMP MUHAMMADIYAH BOARDING SCHOOL YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Suwarna Suwarna , Subekti Panca Aditya
Published: March 2020

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan strategi pembelajaran bahasa Jawa dan faktor yang melatarbelakangi penggunaan berbagai macam strategi tersebut sehingga menjadikan pembelajaran bahasa Jawa di SMP Muhammdiyah Boarding School(MBS)Yogayakarta berbeda dari sekolah umum lainnya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data penelitian adalah siswa dan guru bahasa Jawa dengan objek penelitian strategi pembelajaran bahasa Jawa di sekolah tersebut. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan angket. Keabsahan data dengan cara uji kredibilitas, transferabilitas, dan reabilitas. Teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data dan pengambilan kesimpulan. Strategi yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran berdasarkanposisi bahasa Jawa sebagai bahasa kedua dan bahasa asing di MBS, ada   strategi memori, kognitif, kompensasi, meta-kognitif,  afektif, dan sosial. Faktor pemilihan strategi tersebut antara lain: tujuan pembelajaran, siswa, kurikulum, sarana prasarana, materi dan waktu, akses informasi dan komunikasiKata kunci: Strategi Pembelajaran, Bahasa ke Dua dan Asing, Basa Jawa, Boarding School ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the strategy used in the Javanese language learning in SMP Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Boarding School (MBS) and factors behind the selection of strategies. This study is a qualitative research. Data sources were students and teachers with the Javanese language object Javanese language learning strategy research at the school. The technique of collecting data was through observation, interviews, documentation and questionnaire. Validity of test data was by credibility, transferability and reliability. Data were analyzed using data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The strategy used in the learning activities based on the position of the Javanese language as a second language and foreign languages in MBS, there are memory strategies, cognitive, compensation, meta-cognitive, affective, and social.The strategy selection factors islearning objectives, students, curriculum, facilities, materials and time, access to information and communication.Keyword: Learning Strategy, Second and Foreign Languages, Javanese language, Boarding School
DEMAM BATU “AKIK” DI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Alvaris Ariando , Lestari Nanny Sri
Published: February 2020

Suatu ketika Indonesia pernah digemparkan oleh batu akik.Peristiwa tersebut terjadi di sekitar tahun 2014-2015.Masyarakat berbondong-bondong mencari, mengejar dan membeli batu akik.Entah dari mana awalnya demam batu akik ini terjadi. Masyarakat ynag terdiri dari kalangan menengah ke atas, usia tua dan muda, semua tersengat demam batu akik. Masyarakat dari segala lapisan pekerjaan memberi perhatian kepada batu akik ini. Tidak hanya yang di kota tetapi yang tinggal di desa juga demikian.Adalah seorang pengarang bernama Nardi.Nardi ini juga tertarik dengan masalah batu akik.Rupanya demam batu akik ini memberi inspirasi bagi pengarang Nardi untuk menulis cerita yang terkait dengan batu akik.Cerita pendek yang dituliskannya diberi judulAkik.Cerita pendeknya disusun sedemikian rupa sehingga dapat menampilkan sebuah cerita pendek yang berkisah tentang seorang petani miskin yang memiliki pekerjaan sampingan sebagai pengrajin batu akik.Tidak hanya itu pengarang melalui cerita pendek ini juga ingin menyampaikan pesan moral bagi masyarakatnya.Tujuan tulisan ini adalah melihat keterkaitan persoalan yang terjadi di masyarakat dengan cara pengarang dalam menuliskannya dalam sebuah cerita. Memang yang terjadi adalah pendapat subjektif dari peneliti, namun demikian sejumlah pendekatan yang bersifat teoritis dapat digunakan agar tulisan ini tetap objektif.
Patient Questions and Physician Responses in a Chinese Health Q&A Website: Content Analysis
Authors: Hong Ziying , Deng Zhaohua , Evans Richard , Wu Haiyan
Published: February 2020

Background

Since the turn of this century, the internet has become an invaluable resource for people seeking health information and answers to health-related queries. Health question and answer websites have grown in popularity in recent years as a means for patients to obtain health information from medical professionals. For patients suffering from chronic illnesses, it is vital that health care providers become better acquainted with patients’ information needs and learn how they express them in text format.

Objective

The aims of this study were to: (1) explore whether patients can accurately and adequately express their information needs on health question and answer websites, (2) identify what types of problems are of most concern to those suffering from chronic illnesses, and (3) determine the relationship between question characteristics and the number of answers received.

Methods

Questions were collected from a leading Chinese health question and answer website called “All questions will be answered” in January 2018. We focused on questions relating to diabetes and hepatitis, including those that were free and those that were financially rewarded. Content analysis was completed on a total of 7068 (diabetes) and 6685 (hepatitis) textual questions. Correlations between the characteristics of questions (number of words per question, value of reward) and the number of answers received were evaluated using linear regression analysis.

Results

The majority of patients are able to accurately express their problem in text format, while some patients may require minor social support. The questions posted were related to three main topics: (1) prevention and examination, (2) diagnosis, and (3) treatment. Patients with diabetes were most concerned with the treatment received, whereas patients with hepatitis focused on the diagnosis results. The number of words per question and the value of the reward were negatively correlated with the number of answers. The number of words per question and the value of the reward were negatively correlated with the number of answers.

Conclusions

This study provides valuable insights into the ability of patients suffering from chronic illnesses to make an understandable request on health question and answer websites. Health topics relating to diabetes and hepatitis were classified to address the health information needs of chronically ill patients. Furthermore, identification of the factors affecting the number of answers received per question can help users of these websites to better frame their questions to obtain more valuable answers.
Digital Health and Inequalities in Access to Health Services in Bangladesh: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Ahmed Tanvir , Rizvi Syed Jafar Raza , Rasheed Sabrina , Iqbal Mohammad , Bhuiya Abbas , Standing Hilary , Bloom Gerald , Waldman Linda
Published: February 2020

Background

Globally, the rapid growth of technology and its use as a development solution has generated much interest in digital health. In line with global trends, Bangladesh is also integrating technology into its health system to address disparities. Strong political endorsement and uptake of digital platforms by the government has influenced the rapid proliferation of such initiatives in the country. This paper aims to examine the implications of digital health on access to health care in Bangladesh, considering who uses electronic devices to access health information and services and why.

Objective

This study aims to understand how access to health care and related information through electronic means (digital health) is affected by sociodemographic determinants (ie, age, gender, education, socioeconomic status, and personal and household ownership of mobile phones) in a semiurban community in Bangladesh.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey of 854 households (between October 2013 and February 2014) and 20 focus group discussions (between February 2017 and March 2017) were conducted to understand (1) who owns electronic devices; (2) who, among the owners, uses these to access health information and services and why; (3) the awareness of electronic sources of health information; and (4) the role of intermediaries (family members or peers who helped to look for health information using electronic devices).

Results

A total of 90.3% (771/854) of households (471/854, 55.2% of respondents) owned electronic devices, mostly mobile phones. Among these, 7.2% (34/471) used them to access health information or services. Middle-aged (35-54 years), female, less (or not) educated, and poorer people used these devices the least (α=.05, α is the level of significance). The lack of awareness, discomfort, differences with regular care-seeking habits, lack of understanding and skills, and proximity to a health facility were the main reasons for not using devices to access digital health.

Conclusions

Although influenced by sociodemographic traits, access to digital health is not merely related to device ownership and technical skill. Rather, it is a combination of general health literacy, phone ownership, material resources, and technical skill as well as social recognition of health needs and inequity. This study’s findings should serve as a basis for better integrating technology within the health system and ensuring equitable access to health care.
Consumer Perceptions of Wearable Technology Devices: Retrospective Review and Analysis
Authors: Chong Kimberly P L , Guo Julia Z , Deng Xiaomeng , Woo Benjamin K P
Published: February 2020

Background

Individuals of all ages are becoming more health conscious, and wearable technology devices (eg, Fitbit and Apple Watch) are becoming increasingly popular in encouraging healthy lifestyles.

Objective

The aim of this paper was to explore how consumers use wearable devices.

Methods

A retrospective review was done on the top-rated verified purchase reviews of the Fitbit One posted on Amazon.com between January 2014 and August 2018. Relevant themes were identified by qualitatively analyzing open-ended reviews.

Results

On retrieval, there were 9369 reviews with 7706 positive reviews and 1663 critical reviews. The top 100 positive and top 100 critical comments were subsequently analyzed. Four major themes were identified: sleep hygiene (“charts when you actually fall asleep, when you wake up during the night, when you're restless--and gives you a cumulative time of “actual sleep” as well as weekly averages.”), motivation (“25 lbs lost after 8 months – best motivator ever!”), accountability (“platform to connect with people you know and set little competitions or group…fun accountability if you set a goal with a friend/family.”), and discretion (“able to be clipped to my bra without being seen.”). Alternatively, negative reviewers felt that the wearable device’s various tracking functions, specifically steps and sleep, were inaccurate.

Conclusions

Wearable technology devices are an affordable, user-friendly application that can support all individuals throughout their everyday lives and potentially be implemented into medical surveillance, noninvasive medical care, and mobile health and wellness monitoring. This study is the first to explore wearable technology device use among consumers, and further studies are needed to examine the limitless possibilities of wearable devices in health care.
MERAWAT INGATAN: FILOSOFI MARANTAU DI DALAM PANTUN MINANGKABAU
Authors: Zulfikarni Zulfikarni , Liusti Siti Ainim
Published: February 2020

Wandering for Minangkabaunese people is to go away from their hometown to gain experience. After having successful, they have to return to their hometown in order to develop it and lift the dignity of their family and people. However, due to the current development, the goals of wandering has changed. The goals are not to: 1) because of the matrilineal system where men do not get inheritance property rights, only the right of managing. 2) Continuing the success of previous nomads and natural conditions. 3) Adding Life Experience (educational factors) 4) Improving the economic and social status of families and people, 5) marantau cino. All of these forms and reasons for wandering, each of which has its own philosophy for the people of Minangkabau which is conveyed through poems.
ANALISIS CERPEN “ROBOHNYA SURAU KAMI” KARYA A.A. NAVIS DALAM PERSPEKTIF POSMODERNISME LINDA HUTCHEON
Authors: Ekasiswanto Rudi
Published: February 2020

This study aims to provide sympathetic insight for who are interested in short stories in Indonesia through the perspective of Linda Hutcheon historical postmodernism. Through this research, we can find a description of story facts and the ideas of the author that are realized through the center and the periphery, along with the contextualization aspects of the short story A.A. Navis’ Robohnya Surau Kami to nowadays society. This research also contributes to literary works appreciation to educational institutions, academics, the society of literary enthusiasts, and the wider community in the form of short story research with the perspective of Linda Hutcheon’s postmodernism so that it is expected to increase the quantity of practice in postmodernism studies. The methodology used in the short story Robohnya Surau Kami using Linda Hutcheon's postmodernist theory is a descriptive method of analysis, by describing the facts which are then analyzed. The analysis does not merely describe but also gives sufficient understanding and explanation. Robohnya Surau Kami by A. A. Navis is a monumental work A. A. Navis containing religious elements. In his work, A. A. Navis presents inner experiences about the concept of the religious life of small communities in Indonesia. This short story is an outstanding and popular work as it is considered as a rare religious literature; AA Navis does not merely tell about worship and devotion to God, but also humanitarian values in Indonesia loaded with caring and tolerance so that it is necessary to trace the facts of the story in the short story, identify the center and the periphery that triggers conflict, and the implications of its contextualization of society in the present.
BENCANA DAN PERUBAHAN IDENTITAS DESA BULAK 1971-2000an
Authors: Jazli Muhammad Alfan , Wuryani Emy
Published: February 2020

This article discusses the history of the disaster that struck the Bulak Village in the area of Jepara, Central Java, Indonesia in the 1971-2000s period. Disasters that continue to occur in the village of Bulak force villagers to move to the new village location. The new village was named after Desa Bulak Baru as a sign that the name of Desa Bulak Baru was not part of the expansion of the old village, but as a collective memory of the name of their previous village. To see that change, the writer sees it in the lens of migration in the local definition, namely village bedol. Bedol Desa is a term for the people of the villages in Java who migrate. The study of village bedol events in the perspective of social history studies. In 1981 a village bedol event occurred in Bulak Village, Jepara Regency. The destination of the bedol desa is the location Desa Bulak Baru. Naming that includes a change of identity, but does not eliminate the old name as the historical basis of a Bulak Village. The method used in this study is the historical method, which includes: (1) heuristics or source tracking, (2) source criticism to verify the information obtained, (3) analysis, and (4) historiography or historical writing.
MEDIA LITERASI ALTERNATIF: STUDI KASUS PADA TEENLIT DI POSTINGAN INSTAGRAM AKUN “SASTRAARABCOM”
Authors: Setiawan Hendro Eko
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this research is to find teenlit in the Instagram account of Sastraarabcom which can be used as a medium to improve literacy culture among adolescents. to improve the literature faced by adolescents, writers must use various approaches, such as writing things they like, discussions, simulations, questions and answers and the like. Such a contextual approach is a key element in increasing adolescent learning interest. The results showed that teenlit Sastraarabcom can improve and become an alternative media in increasing teenage literacy, not only being able to read but can understand the contents of reading, with the hope of moral messages such as peace, social care, social values, mutual cooperation, values moral, and mutual respect between friends will be reflected in the actions of future adolescent behavior.
Proposal of a Classification of Analogies
Authors: Alvargonzález David
Published: March 2020

In this paper, I will propose a classification of analogies based on their internal structure. Selecting the criteria used in that classification first requires discussing the minimal constitutive parts of any analogy. Accordingly, I will discuss the differences between analogy and similarity and between analogy and “synalogy,” and I will stress the importance of the analogy of operations and procedures.  Finally, I will set forth a classification of the different types of analogies, which lends itself to a further understanding of the differences between certain modulations of the general idea of analogy, such as archetypes, prototypes, models, simulations, parables, paradigms, canons, maps, thought experiments, myths, utopias, dystopias and fables.
Effect of joint stiffness and flexibility on the design of reinforced cement concrete structure
Authors: Lamichhane Govind Prasad , Giri Prajwal
Published: March 2020

Relevance. A beam-column joint is a crucial zone in any frame structure that transmits the forces at the end of the members in the panel zone. The connection between the joints may be assumed as rigid or flexible one and it is not an ideal one to predict the actual behavior of the joint section. Methods. The displacement along the joint section is the most critical one that has to be taken care while designing the structure. In this paper, the flexibility of the reinforced concrete joints was studied under two different cases: in first phase, building having 3 storey including ground floor was taken and is analysed using SAP 2000 and secondly third floor shear wall with l hollow concrete mesh of column section was analyzed in same software and the flexibility of the joints was tested in terms of its stress and displacement parameters using different approaches such as link mass property, end length offset zone, panel zone rotational spring stiffness property. The results obtained from the two cases were analyzed with consideration of parametric study and variation of the stresses with displacement and are shown with comparative graphic.
Study of modern software capabilities for complex shell analysis
Authors: Rynkovskaya Marina I. , Elberdov Timur , Sert Enes , Öchsner Andreas
Published: March 2020

Relevance. In design and calculation of civil engineering structures, several standard commercial software packages, which are successfully applied to solve everyday engineering problems, are traditionally used. However, when it is necessary to design the models of complex shape shell structures with defining surfaces based on parametric equations, such programs often have certain drawbacks. The aim of the work - analysis of existing types of commercial computational software packages in order to check which allow to design finite element models for shell structures with median surfaces of complex geometry given by parametric equations. Methods. The analysis of commercial computational software packages is carried out by studying the software manuals, and by building and calculating a model in the shape of a right helicoid as a test example. To evaluate the results of the stress-strain state of a shell with a middle surface in the form of a right helicoid, an analytical calculation method based on the Reissner’s equations and Fourier series expansion is used. Results. A review of modern commercial computational software packages as applied to models defined by parametric equations is carried out. A model for a shell structure with a median surface in the form of right helicoid is built. The numerical results of stress-strain behavior of the right helicoid are obtained and analyzed in comparison with the analytical solutions obtained using the Reissner’s equations with Fourier series expansion. The pros and cons of several popular means of software are presented.
Ethno-religious hate speeches and political violence in Nigeria’s fourth republic
Authors: Okolie Ugo Chuks , Okoedion Eseohe Glory
Published: March 2020

Ethnoreligious hate speech is the precursor to political violence in Nigeria’s fourth republic. While it is true that one of the greatest benefits of democratic societies is freedom of speech, still no one should be allowed under the disguise of exercising the right to free speech to offend, humiliate and demean another human being. In Nigeria, hate speech has been elevated to the status of political campaign strategy and it accounts for the escalation of political violence in Nigeria’s fourth republic. Therefore, this study explored the impact of ethno-religious hate speech on political violence in Nigeria’s fourth public. A descriptive method was adopted and data was collected via a survey of 600 electorates in South-South zone of Nigeria. The study found that there is a positive and significant relationship between Ethno-religious hate speech and political violence in Nigeria’s fourth republic. This paper recommends among others that political campaign in Nigeria should focus on the implementation of the critical national issues such as economic, political, social, cultural, educational, and healthcare services rather than attack on political opponents or mobilization of ethnic, religious, and regional sentiments.
The Transformation of Nakhichevan-on-Don’s self-government in the 1860s
Authors: Batiev Levon V.
Published: March 2020

The author analyzes the Armenian self-government of the Nakhichevan-on-Don Armenian colony that had been established in 1779 after Armenians from Crimea were resettled to the Don region. The municipal self-government in Russia of the pre-reform period in general, and in particular the peculiar organization of the administration, police, and court in Nakhichevan-on-Don, have so far barely been studied. The present research is based on archival sources from the National archives of Armenia and on little-known publications in the Armenian language, as well as on Russian legislation of the 19th century. The main feature of the Nakhichevan system of self-government was the unifi cation of all Armenian immigrants from the Crimea - city dwellers as well as residents of fi ve Armenian villages - into one self-governing community. Based on a Charter issued by Catherine II, self-government in Nakhichevan was carried out on an ethnic basis, by Armenian immigrants from the Crimea. However, the Armenian self-government was gradually integrated into the general system of the Russian administration and court system. Several parallel processes can be discerned: 1) since the beginning of the 1850s, the expediency of the formation of a city Duma in Nakhichevan-on-Don was discussed at diff erent levels of government; 2) the magistrate was stripped of police functions in 1865; 3) in 1866 a temporary subsidiary body was established under the mayor: a council of 24 trustees and four assistants of the mayor, to be in action until a city Duma is established; 4) a six-member city Duma comes into being in 1866; 5) the magistrate was abolished in 1866 (its judicial and related functions were removed by May 1869); 6) in 1870 the economic part of the magistrate, which remained after its formal abolition, were transferred to the mayor, and the unique system of Armenian self-government in Nakhichevan ended despite the Nakhichevanis’ request to preserve the “rights and advantages” granted by Catherine II.