bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KTA-OPO for 1742 nm laser generation driven by a composite Nd:YVO4-based self-Raman laser
Authors: Duan Yanmin , Liu Jie , Wang Hongyan , Zhang Yongchang , Jin Xinxin , Li Zhihong , Zhu Haiyong
Published: May 2024

In this work, a double-end diffusion bonded Nd:YVO4 self-Raman laser was designed to drive an intracavity, noncritically-phase-matched KTiOAsO4 (KTA) optical parametric oscillator (OPO). Both conversion efficiency and output power at 1.7 µm (the wavelength of the OPO signal field) were improved by effectively reducing the thermal lens effect and increasing the effective length of self-Raman medium. At an incident pump power of 15.4 W, the output power for 1742 nm output laser reached 2.16 W with a conversion efficiency of 14%, and the output having a pulse width of 10.5 ns and a pulse repetition frequency of 90 kHz. The competition between the OPO and cascaded Raman laser was observed when the incident pump power was above 12.4 W. The results highlight that in order to improve output power at 1742 nm, it is critical that both the cascaded, second-Stokes field at 1313 nm and the signal field generated at 1534 nm from the 1064 nm field driving the KTA-OPO be minimized, if not completely suppressed. This laser system combining the processes of stimulated Raman scattering and optical parametric oscillation for the generation of laser emission at 1742 nm may find significant application across a broad range of fields including biological engineering, laser therapy, optical coherence tomography and for the generation of mid-infrared laser wavelengths.
Quantum beam splitter based on free charged particles
Authors: Makarov D. N. , Makarova K. A.
Published: May 2024

It is well known that the beam splitter is an integral part of many classical and quantum devices. The use of beam splitters in quantum technologies is currently particularly relevant. The emergence of new types of beam splitters provides new statistical characteristics of the separated photon beam and their control and new possibilities for use in various devices. This Letter presents a new, to the best of our knowledge, type of beam splitter based on free charged particles. This type of beam splitter has all the properties of a linear beam splitter with its reflection coefficient R, transmission coefficient T, and phase shift ϕ, which are presented in a simple analytical form. This type of beam splitter has interesting application prospects.
A network-based modeling framework reveals the core signal transduction network underlying high carbon dioxide-induced stomatal closure in guard cells
Authors: Gan Xiao , Sengottaiyan Palanivelu , Park Kyu Hyong , Assmann Sarah M. , Albert Réka
Published: May 2024

Stomata are pores on plant aerial surfaces, each bordered by a pair of guard cells. They control gas exchange vital for plant survival. Understanding how guard cells respond to environmental signals such as atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels is not only insightful to fundamental biology but also relevant to real-world issues of crop productivity under global climate change. In the past decade, multiple important signaling elements for stomatal closure induced by elevated CO2 have been identified. Yet, there is no comprehensive understanding of high CO2-induced stomatal closure. In this work, we assemble a cellular signaling network underlying high CO2-induced stomatal closure by integrating evidence from a comprehensive literature analysis. We further construct a Boolean dynamic model of the network, which allows in silico simulation of the stomatal closure response to high CO2 in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana plants and in cases of pharmacological or genetic manipulation of network nodes. Our model has a 91% accuracy in capturing known experimental observations. We perform network-based logical analysis and reveal a feedback core of the network, which dictates cellular decisions in closure response to high CO2. Based on these analyses, we predict and experimentally confirm that applying nitric oxide (NO) induces stomatal closure in ambient CO2 and causes hypersensitivity to elevated CO2. Moreover, we predict a negative regulatory relationship between NO and the protein phosphatase ABI2 and find experimentally that NO inhibits ABI2 phosphatase activity. The experimental validation of these model predictions demonstrates the effectiveness of network-based modeling and highlights the decision-making role of the feedback core of the network in signal transduction. We further explore the model’s potential in predicting targets of signaling elements not yet connected to the CO2 network. Our combination of network science, in silico model simulation, and experimental assays demonstrates an effective interdisciplinary approach to understanding system-level biology.
Activation and inhibition of the sweet taste receptor TAS1R2-TAS1R3 differentially affect glucose tolerance in humans
Authors: Kochem Matthew C. , Hanselman Emily C. , Breslin Paul A. S.
Published: May 2024

The sweet taste receptor, TAS1R2-TAS1R3, is expressed in taste bud cells, where it conveys sweetness, and also in intestinal enteroendocrine cells, where it may facilitate glucose absorption and assimilation. In the present study, our objective was to determine whether TAS1R2-TAS1R3 influences glucose metabolism bidirectionally via hyperactivation with 5 mM sucralose (n = 12) and inhibition with 2 mM sodium lactisole (n = 10) in mixture with 75 g glucose loads during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) in healthy humans. Plasma glucose, insulin, and glucagon were measured before, during, and after OGTTs up to 120 minutes post-prandially. We also assessed individual participants’ sweet taste responses to sucralose and their sensitivities to lactisole sweetness inhibition. The addition of sucralose to glucose elevated plasma insulin responses to the OGTT (F(1, 11) = 4.55, p = 0.056). Sucralose sweetness ratings were correlated with early increases in plasma glucose (R2 = 0.41, p<0.05), as well as increases in plasma insulin (R2 = 0.38, p<0.05) when sucralose was added to the OGTT (15 minute AUC). Sensitivity to lactisole sweetness inhibition was correlated with decreased plasma glucose (R2 = 0.84, p<0.01) when lactisole was added to the OGTT over the whole test (120 minute AUC). In summary, stimulation and inhibition of the TAS1R2-TAS1R3 receptor demonstrates that TAS1R2-TAS1R3 helps regulate glucose metabolism in humans and may have translational implications for metabolic disease risk.
Key determinants to supply chain resilience to face pandemic disruption: An interpretive triple helix framework
Authors: Amio Md. Galib An-Noor , Ahmed Humaira Nafisa , Ali Syed Mithun , Ahmed Sayem , Majumdar Abhijit
Published: May 2024

Today, supply chain (SC) networks are facing more disruptions compared to the past. While disruptions are rare, they can have catastrophic long-term economic or societal repercussions, and the recovery processes can be lengthy. These can tremendously affect the SC and make it vulnerable, as observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The identification of these concerns has prompted the demand for improved disruption management by developing resilient, agile, and adaptive SC. The aim of this study is to introduce an assessment framework for prioritizing and evaluating the determinants to supply chain resilience (SCR). To analyze the empirical data, fuzzy criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (fuzzy CRITIC) and fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (fuzzy TOPSIS) have been incorporated. Fuzzy CRITIC method was used to identify the critical determinants and fuzzy TOPSIS method was applied for determining relative ranking of some real-world companies. Finally, by developing propositions an interpretive triple helix framework was proposed to achieve SCR. This research stands out for its originality in both methodology and implications. By introducing the novel combination of Fuzzy CRITIC and Fuzzy TOPSIS in the assessment of determinants to SCR and applying these determinants with the help of interpretive triple helix framework to establish a resilient SC, this study offers a unique and valuable contribution to the field of SCR. The key findings suggest that ‘Responsiveness’ followed by ‘Managerial coordination and information integration’ are the most significant determinant to achieve SCR. The outcome of this work can assist the managers to achieve SCR with improved agility and adaptivity.
Psychological effects of anti-Arab politics on American and Arab peoples’ views of each other
Authors: Hong Youngki , Maitner Angela T. , Ratner Kyle G.
Published: May 2024

Disparaging rhetoric about Arab people was prevalent during Donald Trump’s political rise in the United States. Although this rhetoric was intended to energize conservative Americans, it also echoed throughout many liberal parts of the United States and around the world. In this research, we experimentally examined the effects of such rhetoric on American and Arab people’s attitudes and visual representations of each other before and after Trump was elected. Although people overwhelmingly reported not liking the negative rhetoric, the rhetoric alone did not influence explicit and implicit intergroup biases in either location, as measured by feeling thermometers and Implicit Association Tests. However, the election outcome moderated the way rhetoric influenced how American and Arab people visually represented each other. Our research sheds light on nuanced effects of global politics on various information processing stages within intergroup perception.
Unlocking the power of synergy: High-intensity functional training and early time-restricted eating for transformative changes in body composition and cardiometabolic health in inactive women with obesity
Authors: Ameur Ranya , Maaloul Rami , Tagougui Sémah , Neffati Fadoua , Hadj Kacem Faten , Najjar Mohamed Fadhel , Ammar Achraf , Hammouda Omar
Published: May 2024

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine the long-term effects of time-restricted eating (TRE), with or without high intensity functional training (HIFT), on body composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers among inactive women with obesity.

Methods

Sixty-four women (BMI = 35.03 ± 3.8 kg/m2; age = 32.1 ± 10 years) were randomly allocated to either: (1) TRE (≤8-h daily eating window, with ad libitum energy intake) group; (2) HIFT (3 sessions/week) group; or (3) TRE combined with HIFT (TRE-HIFT) group. The interventions lasted 12 weeks with a pre-post measurement design. A HIFT session consists of 8 sets of multiple functional exercises with self-selected intensity (20 or 30s work/10s rest).

Results

TRE-HIFT showed a greater decrease of waist and hip circumferences and fat mass compared to TRE (p = 0.02, p = 0.02 and p<0.01; respectively) and HIFT (p = 0.012, p = 0.028 and p<0.001; respectively). Weight and BMI decreased in TRE-HIFT compared to HIFT group (p<0.001; for both). Fat-free mass was lower in TRE compared to both HIFT and TRE-HIFT groups (p<0.01 and p<0.001; respectively). Total cholesterol, triglyceride, insulin, and HOMA-IR decreased in TRE-HIFT compared to both TRE (p<0.001, p<0.01, p = 0.015 and p<0.01; respectively) and HIFT (p<0.001, p = 0.02, p<0.01 and p<0.001; respectively) groups. Glucose level decreased in TRE-HIFT compared to HIFT (p<0.01). Systolic blood pressure decreased significantly in both TRE-HIFT and HIFT groups compared to TRE group (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02; respectively).

Conclusion

In inactive women with obesity, combining TRE with HIFT can be a good strategy to induce superior effects on body composition, lipid profile and glucose regulation compared with either diet or exercise intervention alone.

Trial registration

Clinical Trials Number: PACTR202301674821174.
»Gegen die da oben und die da unten«
Authors: Asbrock Frank , Bolesta Deliah
Published: May 2024

Frank Asbrock und Deliah Bolesta widmen sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage, welche ideologischen Grundlagen rechte Einstellungen in Sachsen bedingen, speziell dem Einfluss von Autoritarismus und Sozialer Dominanzorientierung auf die Haltung gegenüber Geflüchteten und Politiker:innen. Entgegen der Dual Process Model Annahmen zeigt sich, dass vor allem der Glaube an eine gefährliche Welt als stärkster Prädiktor für negative Einstellungen fungiert, wobei indirekte Effekte die Bedeutung zugrundeliegender Überzeugungen aufzeigen, jedoch nicht durchweg in erwarteter Richtung.
Die Blue Wall of Silence in Polizei-Simulatoren
Authors: Spies Thomas
Published: May 2024

Der Beitrag "Die Blue Wall of Silence in Polizei-Simulatoren: Das Unsichtbarmachen von Polizeigewalt als virtuelle Copaganda" widmet sich der Darstellung von Polizei und Polizeiarbeit in Polizei-Simulatoren. Er analysiert insbesondere den international erfolgreichen Police Simulator: Patrol Officers (2022) des Münchner Studios Aesir Interactive. Es wird aufgezeigt, wie in dieser Art von Videospiel systembedingte Aspekte der Polizeiarbeit, wie Gewaltanwendung, Rassismus, strenge interne Loyalität und externe Verschwiegenheit, entweder unterkommuniziert oder vollständig ausgeblendet werden. Polizei-Simulatoren sind damit virtuelle Copaganda, die problematische staatlich sanktionierte Gewalt im idealisierten Bild des "Schutzmannes" auflöst und somit unsichtbar macht.
The Good, Bad, and Challenging Migrant
Authors: Haron Fatma
Published: May 2024

In post-migrant societies, belonging, identity and transnationality go far beyond inclusion and exclusion. Intersecting elements behind circulating conflicts and political narratives shape »the good, bad and challenging migrant«. Fatma Haron scrutinizes the impact of social remittances on the transnational identification process between new Tyrol and new Turkey. The empirical data is gathered through ethnographic fieldwork and semi structured narrative interviews analyzing the social, political, and cultural influence on identification processes between Turkey and Tyrol.
Urbane Gärten zwischen Graswurzelbewegung und Klimakrisenpolitik
Authors: Baier Andrea , Müller Christa , Werner Karin
Published: May 2024

Andrea Baier, Christa Müller und Karin Werner widmen sich in ihrem Einführungsbeitrag der Frage, welche Bedeutung die neue urbane Gartenbewegung für eine nachhaltige Umgestaltung der Städte hat. Dabei werden tiefe Einblicke in die Projektpraxis der Gemeinschaftsgärten der letzten zwei Jahrzehnte diskutiert; nicht zuletzt auch unter dem Aspekt, inwieweit die Bewegung eingebunden wird in die Governance der Klimakrisenpolitik der Städte; wie sie diesen Rahmen nutzt und inwieweit unter diesen Umständen die Autonomie von Gärten als Freiräume und Allmenden aufrechterhalten werden kann. Als terrestrische Orte ermöglichen sie Erfahrungen der Koexistenz menschlicher und nichtmenschlicher Lebensformen. Diese kann den Humus bilden für eine sozialökologische Transformation und Überschreitung einer auf Trennung basierenden kapitalistischen Moderne.
Von Florence Nightingale zu »Flatten the Curve«: Infografiken als epistemische Vermittler in epidemischen Zeiten
Authors: Sander Elmar
Published: May 2024

Elmar Sander beschäftigt sich in diesem Beitrag mit dem diagrammatisch geprägten Gesicht der Covid-19-Pandemie. Dabei lassen sich interessante Parallelen zu frühen Meilensteinen moderner Datenvisualisierung im Kontext epistemischer Vermittlung in epidemischen Zeiten nachzeichnen. Zugleich zeigt sich: Die Covid-19-Pandemie ist wohl die erste globale Krise in der Geschichte der Menschheit, deren Rezeption derart durch den Einsatz von Datenvisualisierungen geprägt ist - aber im Angesicht zunehmend komplexer werdender systemischer Herausforderungen und Krisen womöglich nicht die letzte.
Pandemische Musikvideoräume: Eine Typologie
Authors: Jablonowski Maximilian , Springer Johannes
Published: May 2024

Die Covid-19-Pandemie hat Raumerfahrung und -wahrnehmung fundamental verändert. Musikvideos partizipieren an Repräsentationen, Konstruktionen und Wahrnehmungen von Raum. Als relativ kostengünstig und schnell zu produzierendes Medium eignen sie sich besonders zur ästhetischen Reflexion solcher Umbrüche. Während der Lockdowns hat deshalb eine rege und vielschichtige Musikvideoproduktion stattgefunden. Unser Beitrag schlägt eine formale Typologie dieser pandemischen Musikvideoräume vor und diskutiert diese mit Blick auf räumliche Ästhetiken der Pandemie und die Entwicklung gegenwärtiger Musikvideoproduktion.
»Deradikalisierung« als Transitional Work
Authors: Negnal Dörte , Thiele Robert , Sauerwein Anna Kristina , Bruhn Henrike
Published: May 2024

Wie werden aus (potenziell) »gefährlichen« Leuten »gewöhnliche« Gesellschaftsmitglieder? Kategorien, die aus Menschen behördliche Fälle machen, sind hartnäckige Produkte institutionellen Arbeitens. Sie zu lösen, bedarf umfangreicher Arbeiten. Die Autor*innen liefern ethnografische Einblicke in die Praktiken der »Deradikalisierung« und Extremismusprävention, die sicherheits- und justizbehördliche Fälle in Gesellschaftsmitgliedschaften zu überführen versuchen. Diesen Rückbau von Statuskategorien bewirken häufig Coaches aus nichtstaatlichen Organisationen durch beiläufige Vorarbeiten sowie permanente Adressierungen und Vorschläge - was zeigt, wie vielfältig und unverzichtbar Transitional Work rund um den Strafvollzug ist.
Aspekte des Vergleichs in Georg Simmels Essayistik
Authors: García Chicote Francisco
Published: May 2024

Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Kategorie des Vergleichs in Simmels Essayistik aus drei Perspektiven: Zunächst als grundlegende Kategorie in der Simmel'schen Theorie der Moderne, anschließend als impliziten Faktor in zwei erkenntnistheoretischen Konzepten - der Verteidigung des provisorischen Denkens und der Typisierung des »Fremden« - und schließlich als kritische Operation in seinen intellektuellen Analysen. Dabei wird argumentiert, dass diese drei Ebenen - Theorie der modernen Objektivität, Erkenntnistheorie und konkrete kritische Praxis - im Hinblick auf den Vergleich bei Simmel formell analog sind. Damit bietet Simmels Vergleichsbegriff Impulse für die aktuelle Theoriebildung zu Praktiken des Vergleichens.
AKIBAT HUKUM BAGI KREDITOR PENERIMA FIDUSIA APABILA OBJEK JAMINAN FIDUSIA MUSNAH (Studi Di PT. Bank BNI Syariah Cabang Semarang)
Authors: Ikayanti Lutfi , Malikhatun, B Siti
Published: May 2024

Apabila benda jaminan yang diberikan oleh pihak debitor kepada pihak bank terutama pada benda jaminan seperti kendaraan bermotor, peralatan mesin yang dibebani jaminan fidusia ternyata musnah dan nilai dari benda bergerak tersebut setiap tahun akan menyusut. Pasal 25 UU Fidusia, maka tidak jelas atau adanya kekaburan pengaturan tentang indikator musnahnya jaminan fidusia dan lebih lanjut juga terjadi ketidakjelasan pengaturan tentang tanggung jawab pihak-pihak dalam perjanjian khususnya dalam hal perjanjian kredit di bank. Selain itu, tidak jelas perlindungan hukum bagi para pihak karena musnahnya jaminan fidusia. Akibat hukum bagi kreditor penerima fidusia apabila objeknya musnah pada PT. Bank BNI Syariah menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 1999 adalah piutang tetap ada tetapi tidak dijamin dengan jaminan fidusia. Perjanjian pokok tetap ada dengan pemberian jaminan secara umum sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 1131 KUH Perdata. Penyelesaian sengketa jika objek jaminan fidusia musnah, sedangkan debitor melakukan wanprestasi pada PT. Bank BNI Syariah terkait dengan perlindungan hukum bagi para pihak dalam perjanjian kredit baik terhadap masalah musnahnya benda jaminan fidusia sangat lemah.
KAJIAN YURIDIS ATAS PERJANJIAN PEMBORONGAN BANGUNAN GEDUNG SERBAGUNA KALIREJO STUDI KASUS PADA PT. ADI SASONGKO
Authors: ADHI SAYOGO SUYONO
Published: May 2024

Dewasa ini dengan semakin gencarnya pembangunan di Indonesia memicu respon dari pihak swasta untuk ikut terjun kedalamnya baik sebagai investor maupun kontraktor. PT. Adi Sasongko sebagai salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang jasa konstruksi, sudah barang tentu berusaha  untuk mendapatkan suatu kontrak kontruksi,  harus mengikuti tender atau mengajukan penawaran harga kepada pihak pengguna jasa.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif serta metode case study. Spesifikasi penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah diskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian jasa pemborongan bangunan gedung Serbaguna Kalirejo antara PT. Adi Sasongko dengan Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Kab. Semarang yang telah dituangkan kedalam surat perjanjian (kontrak) terdapat hambatan-hambatan baik bersifat eksternal seperti tambah dan kurang pekerjaan yang menyebabkan mundurnya jangka waktu pelaksanaan serta berubahnya nilai  harga kontrak, maupun bersifat internal seperti standar mutu, dan sumber daya manusia.
PELAKSANAAN PEMBATALAN SERTIPIKAT PENGGANTI ATAS SERTIPIKAT TANAH HAK MILIK Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor : 2308.K/Pdt/2004 tanggal 26 Oktober 2005
Authors: - Hartono
Published: May 2024

Di Kota Madiun terjadi gugatan/sengketa atas sebidang tanah SHM No. 1814/Kejuron Surat Ukur No. 109/Kejuron/2001 tertanggal 29 Oktober 2001 atas nama para Penggugat. Berdasarkan putusan MA-RI No. 2308 K/PDT/2004 tertanggal 26 Oktober 2005, keputusan ini  tidak dapat dipergunakan sebagai alat untuk membatalkan sertipikat pengganti atas nama para Penggugat menjadi atas nama pemilik semula Ny. X. Penelitian ini mengkaji dan menganalisis proses pelaksanaan pembatalan sertipikat pengganti dan untuk mengkaji kekuatan hukum putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia yang telah mempunyai kekuatan hukum tetap. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode pendekatan yuridis normative gramatikal dengan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptis analitis. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan studi pustaka (library research). Data yang diperoleh diteliti, diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembatalan sertipikat pengganti yang diajukan pada kantor pertanahan tersebut tidak dapat dilaksanakan dengan alasan dalam putusan yang telah berkekuatan hukum tersebut amarnya tidak memerintahkan kantor pertanahan untuk membatalkan sertipikat pengganti. Saran: Perlu adanya reformasi birokrasi Badan Pertahanan Nasional secara nyata dan perlu peningkatan kwalitas sumber daya manusianya sehingga dapat menjalankan pelayanan publik dan menerapkan asas-asas umum pemerintahan umum yang baik demi kepastian hukum masyarakat yang  membutuhkan bukti sertipikat hak milik.
Case Report: Optical Pumped Magnetometer Magnetocardiography as a Potential Method of Therapy Monitoring in Fulminant Myocarditis
Authors: Yang Shuwen , Yang Kun , Zhang Lijun , Ren Yanlong , Liu Linqi , Zhang Huan , Feng Lanxin , Ma Zhao , Zhou Shu , He Yi , Tu Chenchen , Song Xiantao , Zhang Hongjia
Published: May 2024

Background: Fulminant myocarditis (FM) is associated with high mortality and an unfavorable long-term prognosis. However, noninvasive, rapid diagnostic and monitoring methods for FM are lacking.

Case summary: This report details the case of a patient diagnosed with FM through a comprehensive assessment involving typical clinical symptoms, laboratory analyses, echocardiographic evidence, and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) findings. Before the patient underwent CMR, optical pumped magnetometer magnetocardiography (OPM-MCG) revealed abnormalities characteristic of substantial myocardial injury. After invasive coronary angiography, the patient’s coronary arteries were determined not to exhibit significant stenosis. Additionally, a myocardial bridge was observed in the middle segment of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. Over a 7-month follow-up, the patient’s symptoms showed marked improvement, and the OPM-MCG eventually normalized, aligning with the findings indicated by the CMR.

Conclusion: OPM-MCG is a valuable tool for therapy monitoring in FMs, offering a safe, non-invasive, and highly effective test for ancillary diagnostics and long-term prognostic follow-up. Additionally, MCG may potentially assist in clinical decision-making regarding the need for further interventions in patients with myocardial bridge.
Mutation of the ALS-/FTD-Associated RNA-Binding Protein FUS Affects Axonal Development
Authors: van Tartwijk Francesca W. , Wunderlich Lucia C. S. , Mela Ioanna , Makarchuk Stanislaw , Jakobs Maximilian A. H. , Qamar Seema , Franze Kristian , Kaminski Schierle Gabriele S. , St George-Hyslop Peter H. , Lin Julie Qiaojin , Holt Christine E. , Kaminski Clemens F.
Published: May 2024

Aberrant condensation and localization of the RNA-binding protein (RBP) fused in sarcoma (FUS) occur in variants of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Changes in RBP function are commonly associated with changes in axonal cytoskeletal organization and branching in neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we asked whether branching defects also occur in vivo in a model of FUS-associated disease. We use two reportedXenopusmodels of ALS/FTD (of either sex), the ALS-associated mutant FUS(P525L) and a mimic of hypomethylated FUS, FUS(16R). Both mutants strongly reduced axonal complexity in vivo. We also observed an axon looping defect for FUS(P525L) in the target area, which presumably arises due to errors in stop cue signaling. To assess whether the loss of axon complexity also had a cue-independent component, we assessed axonal cytoskeletal integrity in vitro. Using a novel combination of fluorescence and atomic force microscopy, we found that mutant FUS reduced actin density in the growth cone, altering its mechanical properties. Therefore, FUS mutants may induce defects during early axonal development.
Economic Frustration and Resistance to Gender Equality among Young Korean Men
Authors: Kim Hanna , Park Youngdeuk
Published: May 2024

Prejudice and negative attitudes toward stronger gender-equality policies are often associated with personal traits such as sexism. An alternate perspective focuses on intergroup threats in resource-scarce situations, highlighting economic frustration. Centered on South Korea, this study examines the connection between deepening pessimistic economic perceptions among young men and their opposition to gender equality, based on intergroup threat theory. Analyzing data from the 2019 Unification Survey, we find that young Korean men expressed less support for gender-equality policies than other segments of the population. And among Korean men in their twenties, a pessimistic view of their economic status correlated with weaker endorsement of gender-equality policies. In contrast, we saw no significant link in this group between sexist attitudes and resistance to gender-equality policies.
“Charity, Honor and Mercy”
Authors: Nelson Jessica Lauren
Published: May 2024

This article uses two case studies, a charitable foundation that provided dowries to orphans as well as efforts to fundraise for a convent for Indigenous women, to explore how philanthropy functioned in late colonial Oaxaca, Mexico. I argue that in both cases, gendered rhetoric proved essential for constructing compelling reasons for wealthy individuals to donate money. Additionally, both projects were intrinsically connected with material culture—ranging from the physical accoutrements of the lottery drawing to choose a dowry winner, to the geographic location and building structure of the convent. These material properties are still visible in Oaxaca today.
On a new constraint equations form for alternative modeling the delta robot dynamics
Authors: Krasinskiy Aleksandr Ya
Published: May 2024

Mathematical modeling of the delta robot dynamics is significantly simplified due to the advanced consideration of the translational nature for the executive link motion. The rigorous derivation of the nonlinear geometric constraints equations is described in detail without the previously necessary consideration of the inverse problem of kinematics. The simplicity of the mathematical model of constraints obtaining is ensured by the introduction of only one angular variable for each kinematics chain instead of the traditionally used three. The proposed the constraint equations form, due to its simplicity, creates the possibility of differentiation over time in an analytical form with further analytical resolution regarding dependent velocities. That's why, in the general case, dependent velocities are excluded from consideration. The previously developed transition from the traditionally used Lagrange equations with constraints multipliers to multiplier-free vector-matrix equations in redundant coordinates reduces the mathematical model dimension on the geometric constraints double number.
Vitamin B12 deficiency in sickle cell patients at the Bamako sickle cell research and control center: About two cases
Authors: M Kanta , A Goita , D Diabaté , M Coulibaly , M Coulibaly , I Keita , S Kéné , BA Touré
Published: May 2024

Vitamin B12 deficiency, also known as hypocobalamemia refers to low blood levels of vitamin B12. The authors report two cases of vitamin B12 deficiency in two sickle cell patients followed at the Bamako sickle cell research center. The objective of this work is to describe this pathology in sickle cell patients and to provide a treatment plan. Keywords: sickle cell anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, center for reseach and fight against sickle cell disease
Яскравий представник харківської математичної школи
Authors: Ільїнський Олександр Іванович
Published: May 2024

6 квітня виповнилося б 90 років видатному математику, фахівцю в галузі теорії функцій та її застосувань у теорії ймовірностей, лауреату Державної премії України в галузі науки і техніки (1992), доктору фізико-математичних наук (1965), члену-кореспонденту НАН України (1978) Йосипу Володимировичу Островському.
State of local immunity in women in labor with obstetric surgical wound infection in war conditions
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Рrуlutska A.B. , Avramenko S.O. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Martynova L.I. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine,, Kisilenko О.L. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Govsieiev D.O. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

Purpose - to study indicators of local immunity in the wound of women giving birth with an infection of an obstetric surgical wound in the conditions of war, which will give an opportunity to improve the therapy of wound infection at the present time. Materials and methods. Local immunity in the wound of 66 parturients with infected wounds during the war (the Group I) was studied and compared with indicators of local immunity in the wound of 76 parturients with infected wounds in peacetime (the Group II) six years to 2022. In addition, 15 healthy parturients - clinical remission (the Group III) were examined to determine the features of the course of the wound process. To study local immunity, the number of immunocompetent cells and phagocytic activity in biopsies from wounds, fixed immunoglobulins in smears-imprints were determined using the direct immunofluorescence method. Statistical data processing was carried out with the use of the application program package "Microsoft Excel 5.0" and the standard version "Statistica 8.0". The difference in indicators at Р<0.05 was considered statistically probable. Results and conclusions. In the examined women in labor with an infection of an obstetric surgical wound in the conditions of war under stressful conditions, there is a greater suppression of local immunity than in women in labor with this pathology in peacetime, which is expressed in the insufficient migration of immunocompetent cells to the focus of inflammation of the wound, especially B-lymphocytes, in the predominance of smears-imprints of plasma cells producing immunoglobulins of classes M and G, which lead to increased inflammation, inhibition of reparative processes in the wound, progression of the purulent-inflammatory process with the risk of septic complications during martial law, which leads to the correction of purulent wound therapy in obstetric practice during the war . The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution mentioned in the work. Informed consent of the patients was obtained for the research.
Communication skills, expertise and ethics in healthcare education and practice
Authors: Sarangi Srikant , Rossi Maria Grazia
Published: May 2024

This interview represents an opportunity to take stock of the positioning of our discipline – broadly characterised as discourse / rhetoric / communication studies – in the context of healthcare education and practice, while at the same time exploring intersections between communication/discourse/rhetoric and ethics, through the discussion of what is articulated as the framework of ‘communication ethics’. More specifically, the notions of relationality and responsibility are alluded to as being the core of communication ethics – an effort to extend the notion of ‘communication expertise’, as outlined in previous research, as a necessary point of departure from the communication skills view which currently dominates healthcare education and practice. The interview was first published as ‘Communication skills, expertise and ethics in healthcare education and practice’, as part of a Special Issue titled ‘Rhetoric and Health’, Rivista Italiana di Filosofia del Linguaggio (RIFL) 15 (1): 106–122, https://doi.org/10.4396/2021060INT2
Dr Eileen White
Authors: Dawson Mark
Published: May 2024

Dr Eileen White passed away in September 2023 at the age of eighty.
A modified schedule of multiple aeroallergen ultra-rush immunotherapy in perennial allergic rhinitis: safety, efficacy, and T lymphocyte cell population studies
Authors: Ariaee Nazila , Fouladvand Ali , Mohammadi Mojgan , Farid-Hosseini Reza , Nikpoor Amin Reza , Khoshkhui Maryam , Tavakkol-Afshari Jalil , Jabbari-Azad Farahzad
Published: May 2024

Background: This study assessed whether a modified immunotherapy schedule for allergic rhinitis could be safe and efficient. Ultra-rush immunotherapy (URIT) rapidly desensitizes patients to aeroallergens.
Objective: We aimed to develop a modified URIT protocol in 3 days to achieve the target dose while observing whether it could improve this situation and decrease the time to achieve the maintenance dose.
Methods: The URIT was exercised in 21 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis. Premeditations were given to the patients 3 days prior to the immunotherapy and during the 3 days injections immunotherapy: pred nisolone, ranitidine, and Airokast/montelukast. Finally, the T cell population frequencies of patients prior to and after immunotherapy, including T helper 1, T helper 2, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and regulatory T cells, were studied using flow cytometry. During the URIT protocol, 21 patients received 291 injections.
Result: Six patients (28.6%) showed systemic reactions in our study. All systemic reactions occurred on the third day by the 1:1 dilution of the maintenance dose. These systemic reactions occurred in three patients after 13 injections, and the three remaining patients showed systemic reactions following the last injection. No systemic reaction was observed on the first and second day of the therapy, and the risk of systemic reaction with every injection was about 2%. Among the T cell populations, CD3+ and CD8+ cells decreased significantly.
Conclusion: The findings emphasized that URIT, alongside premedication with a high dose of antihistamine, helped to achieve the maintenance dose and control clinical manifestations.
Blood Flow Restriction Training: Physiological Effects, Molecular Mechanisms, and Clinical Applications
Authors: Rodríguez Sebastián , Rodríguez-Jaime María Fernanda , León-Prieto Catalina
Published: May 2024

Blood flow restriction is a form of training that partially restricts blood flow to the exercising muscles. This mechanism is achieved by placing a tourniquet on the proximal areas of the upper or lower limbs. Given the great popularity that this type of training has had in various parts of the world and in multiple disciplines, the aim of this text is to elucidate the physiological effects, molecular mechanisms, mode of use, clinical applications, contraindications and precautions of blood flow restriction training. This form of training has multiple physiological effects on the endothelial, endocrine, muscular and cognitive systems. These effects are mediated by the dimerization of hypoxia-inducible factors that take place in hypoxic environments. Aspects such as cuff type, occlusion pressure and exercise dosage are of vital importance to achieve beneficial effects and to avoid adverse events. Since this training allows gains in strength and muscle mass using low training loads, it could be an effective tool for those users who, due to health conditions, cannot exercise using high
loads.
RISING MINORITIZED DOCTORAL STUDENTS IN ENGINEERING: WHO ARE THEIR MENTORS AND WHAT ROLES DO THEY FILL?
Authors: Geary Carol , Fonseca Mayra Artiles , Blackowski Sarah , Matusovich Holly M.
Published: May 2024

Mentors are key to the academic success of engineering graduate students, and particularly historically
marginalized graduate students. To continue to enhance and improve mentoring experiences in order to support minoritized students to persist in their doctoral degrees, it is important to understand who is mentoring minoritized students regarding enrollment in doctoral programs and what expectations these students have for mentoring in graduate school. We used interviews and focus groups to explore who students cite as mentors and who they expect to fill this role once entering the doctoral pursuit. We used a theoretical framework organized around different support and challenge roles that dissertation advisors might play to understand the different roles these mentors played. We found various roles in which a variety of mentors influence minoritized students enrolling in doctoral programs, including family, informal undergraduate mentors, and peers, as those who support their decision to enroll. Our findings also detail the expectations of rising minoritized students for future advisors.
Decolonialidade editorial: notas sobre o jornal Lampião da Esquina
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), AMARAL Muriel Emídio Pessoa do , DE OLIVEIRA Candida ,   Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG)
Published: May 2024

A ideia de decolonialidade editorial é elaborada a partir da cobertura do Encontro Nacional de Mulheres (ENM) e 1º Congresso da Mulher Paulista realizados no Brasil, em 1979, veiculada pelo jornal Lampião da Esquina, que destacou a socióloga Lélia Gonzalez. A base teórico-metodológica da pesquisa são os estudos decoloniais e feminismo decolonial pela noção de interseccionalidade, que possibilita outras epistemologias à comunicação e ao jornalismo. A proposta caracteriza a intenção de reconfigurar diretrizes e processos editoriais de modo a contemplar a visibilidade de grupos e sujeitos marginalizados política e publicamente. A cobertura dos eventos atravessa temáticas homoeróticas, abordando fatos em triangulações com questões de gênero, classe social e raça.
Diálogo, debates y nuevos planteamientos
Authors:   Ciespal, ORDOÑEZ Francisco
Published: May 2024

El Primer Congreso Latinoamericano de Comunicación CIESPAL FELAFACS, celebrado el año pasado, reunió a más de 500 participantes entre ellos a destacados académicos. Se abordaron 75 ponencias sobre diversos temas relacionados con la comunicación contemporánea y sus desafíos hacia el 2030. Los ejes temáticos incluyeron comunicación y derechos humanos, prácticas comunicacionales contemporáneas, epistemología de la comunicación desde el sur, entre otros. La Declaración de Quito, surgida del congreso, presenta una agenda de trabajo hasta 2030. La presentea edición profundiza estos temas.
Conocimiento Ecológico Tradicional (CET) y derecho a la comunicación: comunicando la justicia climática
Authors:   World Association for Christian Communication - WACC, VARGAS Lorenzo
Published: May 2024

Las comunidades locales, indígenas y tradicionales poseen una serie de conocimientos sobre su territorio que puede ser fundamental para la adaptación a los efectos del cambio climático. Sin embargo, este conocimiento, conocido en círculos académicos como “conocimientos ecológicos tradicionales” (CET), es usualmente ignorado en las políticas públicas que buscan responder al cambio climático y la degradación ambiental. Esta situación es, no es solo el resultado de la brecha epistemológica entre el conocimiento totalizador occidental y los conocimientos de las comunidades de base, sino también de los déficits estructurales en el ámbito de la comunicación y la información que afligen a muchas comunidades vulneradas.
Fruits and Vegetables Recognition System in Dzongkha Using Visual Geometry Group Network
Authors: Wangchuk Karma , Dorji Tsheten , Ram Dhungyel Parshu , Galey Pema
Published: May 2024

English speaking among the youth is gaining popularity in Bhutan. The Ministry of Education and Dzongkha Development Commission have been trying to promote the national language through different strategies. Furthermore, developed interesting learning materials in Dzongkha. However, youth find it difficult even to name common fruits and vegetables in Dzongkha, and this is an increasing concern. The purpose of this study was to develop an automatic fruit recognition system in Dzongkha using machine learning techniques. Ten classes of fruits and 17 classes of veg- etables that are found in Bhutan are considered for the study. The fruits and vegetable datasets were downloaded from Kaggle and Websites. Furthermore, images were augmented and rotated every 15 degrees. The dataset comprised 405000 images. The model was trained and deployed using customized VGGNet and Gradio. The training and vali- dation accuracy of the proposed model was 97.76% and 97.80% respectively.
CONVERSION OF THERMAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICITY: POTENTIAL AND EFFICIENCY OF THERMOELECTRIC GENERATORS BASED ON PELTIER ELEMENTS
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Solovev Bogdan A. , Gamisonia Giorgi K. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Dimukasheva Gulnaz Ye. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Kolomeets Dmitry A. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University
Published: May 2024

Relevance Energy extraction using thermoelectric generators powered by Peltier elements through the application of both natural and engineered heat sources, aiming to create a new green method for clean energy production. Aim of research This study delves into the literature analysis to identify the factors that influence the accuracy of energy conversion, and aims to investigate the performance of Peltier elements while learning the principles of heat transfer, creating optimal conditions for the operation of a thermoelectric generator based on them. During the experiments, by adapting the process conditions, a process transfer function is formed, which aims to improve the energy generation efficiency. The aim of the study is to analyze the efficiency of thermoelectric generators based on Peltier cells. Research methods Physical foundations of thermoelectricity, development of a mathematical model. Results The study analyzed that the simulation revealed the presence of temperature gradients in regions with thermal waters of the mountain mass, and a mathematical model of the process was developed.
Desafiando fronteras: gastronomía gourmet en barrios populares de Buenos Aires
Authors: González-Bracco Mercedes
Published: May 2024

El objetivo del presente artículo es indagar sobre los sentidos otorgados a la gastronomía gourmet en dos barrios populares de Buenos Aires como parte de una investigación más amplia en la que se discuten los procesos de mercantilización y desestigmatización a partir de proyectos de turismo comunitario urbano. El abordaje metodológico se asienta en una perspectiva etnográfica que incluye la observación participante, y las entrevistas a dueños y referentes de los espacios gastronómicos, a visitantes y al funcionariado del Gobierno involucrados en la difusión de estos espacios. El análisis se complementa con el estudio de material de prensa y publicaciones de las redes sociales, a fin de observar repercusiones más amplias. Como conclusiones se propone que, si bien el desarrollo de proyectos de turismo comunitario urbano en los barrios estudiados se ha desarrollado de manera dispar, el atractivo gastronómico es algo que se destaca en ambas propuestas. Los hallazgos nos previenen de elaborar conclusiones taxativas sobre los siguientes aspectos: 1) la correlación entre el crecimiento de estos nuevos emprendimientos; y 2) las amenazas reales de recualificación de los espacios donde se emplazan, debido a la multiplicidad de actores intervinientes, a los procesos de diversa duración asociados a los imaginarios socioespaciales que se atribuyen a los barrios populares y a las dinámicas propias de los consumos culturales urbanos.
“Eating the Barrio”: Gastronomy and urban change in Santa Cruz, Lima
Authors: Claux Denise
Published: May 2024

This article explores the impact of the gastronomic boom on gentrification processes in Lima, Peru, during the last two decades. It is an ethnographic study conducted in 2012, 2014, and 2016 in the Santa Cruz housing development, which used to be a working-class neighborhood located in the Miraflores district. The central focus is the analysis of the personal narratives of change and belonging of residents, workers, and visitors, supported by photographic practice. In particular, it is based on the experience of Carlos, a young actor who after living several years in London returns to Peru to start a business and, taking advantage of competitive prices in Santa Cruz, opens a gourmet bakery in the neighborhood. Using the notion of “cosmopolitan imagination,” we show the different ways in which Carlos recontextualizes his experience in London in the specificity of La Mar, negotiating the limits, meanings and values of the places, people, and cultural practices that arise from inhabiting this space of change. Ultimately, Carlos’s bakery becomes a meeting point for linking or negotiating different strategies and experiences of belonging to the area, materializing power dynamics that emerge inside and outside the business, thus shaping the commodification of Santa Cruz.
The Benefits of Social Media Platforms Used in Agriculture for Information Dissemination
Authors: Ramavhale P.M. , Zwane E.M. , Belete A.
Published: May 2024

Traditionally, agricultural information is disseminated through industrial media such as newspapers, television, and radio. People, including farmers, are using social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and blogs to spread personal or agricultural information. This paper highlights the benefits of social media to farmers as follows: coverage of large geographical boundaries in a short time, reducing farmers’ social isolation, increasing networking platforms, mobilising farmers, keeping farmers updated and marketing agricultural goods with ease. Literature acquired from Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct and the University of Limpopo e-library search engines provided sources of information for the paper. This paper discusses the benefits of social media, defines the concept of social media, and lists different social media platforms available to farmers. It concludes that social media can enhance farmers’ capabilities and interaction with extension officers. The paper recommends that agricultural news and communication be spread using social media platforms popular in the farming communities, that there be development of information centres where farmers can access social media and get assistance while accessing such information and that they receive proper training on the use of social media platforms. Extension officers must be equipped with skills to package relevant information to disseminate to the farmers.