bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Przezwyciężanie wykluczeń w nowoczesnej cywilizacji globalno-cyfrowej – rola duchowości chrześcijańskiej
Authors: Misztal Wojciech
Published: February 2016

Opracowanie podejmuje kwestię aktualności i przydatności dorobku i potencjału duchowości chrześcijańskiej. Najpierw zwrócono uwagę na chrześcijańską teologiczną interpretację genezy wykluczeń. Takie podejście jest istotne, by zrozumieć chrześcijańskie rozumienie wykluczeń i znaczenie ich przezwyciężania: wykluczenia nie są czymś normalnym, lecz patologicznym, ich przezwyciężanie jest rzeczą dobrą i konieczną. Proces przezwyciężania wykluczenia został w ten sposób ukazany jako zasadnicza część realizacji dzieła stworzenia-zbawienia tak w wymiarze doczesnym, jak i eschatologicznym. Na takiej bazie, tzn. w świetle teologicznego rozumienia genezy i usuwania wykluczeń, przedstawiono wybrane elementy procesu przezwyciężania wykluczeń w nowoczesnej cywilizacji globalno-cyfrowej.
Nauczanie na odległość jako narzędzie przeciwdziałania wykluczeniu społecznemu – spojrzenie z perspektywy teorii agenda setting
Authors: Gurba Krzysztof
Published: February 2016

Wśród różnych czynników wpływających na proces ustanawiania agendy można umieścić także wpływ rosnącej liczby i wzrastającej jakości otwartych zasobów edukacyjnych. Samodzielne uczenie się przy użyciu narzędzi nauczania na odległość odgrywa coraz większą rolę w uramowieniu odbioru głównych kwestii przedstawianych w sferze publicznej poprzez pośrednictwo mediów i instytucji publicznych. Jednym z efektów ubocznych szerszego stosowania nauczania na odległość we współczesnych państwach jest wpływ, jaki ma ono na zmniejszenie negatywnych efektów wykluczenia społecznego. W artykule tym przedstawiony zostanie mechanizm tego zjawiska widziany z perspektywy drugiego poziomu teorii agenda setting.
Dialogowość i komunikacja społeczna z młodymi w działaniach współczesnego Kościoła katolickiego
Authors: Cymanow-Sosin Klaudia
Published: February 2016

Artykuł przestawia wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w celu oceny stopnia skuteczności komunikacji w zakresie kontaktów ludzi młodych ze strukturami Kościoła katolickiego. Z ich analizy wynika, iż wciąż najbardziej pożądanym narzędziem w zakresie budowania przestrzeni dialogu pomiędzy ludźmi młodymi a liderami w Kościele pozostaje kontakt bezpośredni. Wskazywałoby to na potrzebę ukazywania wpływu Boga na ludzką egzystencję, świadectwa własnego życia i powołania osób duchownych i świeckich liderów w otoczeniu Kościoła. Równocześnie budowa platformy bezpośredniego spotkania – szczególnie w badanej grupie obejmującej ludzi młodych – wiedzie przez media, w szczególności nowe media. Wyniki przeprowadzonej ankiety potwierdzają opinie tych badaczy, którzy sugerują, iż przestrzeń internetu to pole skutecznych procesów preewangelizacyjnych. Nowe media, nade wszystko media społecznościowe, w opinii badanych stanowią nie tylko źródło wiarygodnej i szybkiej informacji, wymiany opinii, miejsce dialogu, ale mogą być początkiem spotkania we wspólnocie Kościoła
Ethanol reduces ripening of 'Royal Gala' apples stored in controlled atmosphere
Authors: WEBER ANDERSON , BRACKMANN AURI , BOTH VANDERLEI , PAVANELLO ELIZANDRA P. , ANESE ROGERIO O. , SCHORR MÁRCIO R.W.
Published: February 2016

This work aims at evaluate ethanol effect of acetaldehyde application in post-storage quality of 'Royal Gala' apples maintenance, and to compare them with consolidated storage techniques. Thus two experiments were performed during the years of 2008 and 2009. In the first experiment (2008), the application of ethanol, acetaldehyde or 1-MCP and ethylene scrubbing were tested. Fruits were stored in controlled atmosphere (CA) with 1.0kPa O2 and 2.0kPa CO2 at 0.5°C. In the second experiment (2009), the treatments tested were ethanol application combined or not with low relative humidity (LRH) and LRH alone. In this experiment, apples were stored in CA with 1.2kPa O2 + 2.5kPa CO2 at 0.5°C. After eight months of storage, 0.5 mL ethanol kg-1 apples month-1 or 0.25 mL acetaldehyde kg-1 apples month-1 increased mealiness, flesh browning, and decays incidence and reduced flesh firmness. In contrast, 0.3 mL ethanol kg-1 apples month-1, tested on second experiment, prevented fruit softening and decreased ACC oxidase activity and ethylene production. Although lower relative humidity was not efficient in maintaining post-storage quality, it enhanced the positive effect of ethanol application at 0.3 mL kg-1 apples month-1.
Antioxidant effect of simvastatin throught oxidative imbalance caused by lisdexamfetamine dimesylate
Authors: Eger Guilherme A. , Ferreira Vinícius V. , Batista Camila R. , Bonde Henrique , Lima Daniela D. de , Wyse Angela T.S. , Cruz Júlia N. da , Rodrigues André F. , Magro Débora D. Dal , Cruz José G.P. da
Published: February 2016

The present study aims to directly investigate the behavioral and antioxidant effects of simvastatin in a model of bipolar mania induced by lisdexamfetamine dimesylate. Wistar rats were treated for 30 days with simvastatin. On the 24th day after the start of treatment, each rat was administered lisdexamfetamine dimesylate for 7 days. The results suggest that simvastatin combined with lisdexamfetamine dimesylate induced a significant increased locomotion and lisdexamfetamine dimesylate administration causes an oxidative imbalance determined by an increment in lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and alterations in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in brain areas; moreover, in the presence of simvastatin, most of these effects were prevented. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the critical roles of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, associated with increased oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant enzymatic defense. In view of the central role played by lisdexamfetamine dimesylate, the established antioxidant effect of simvastatin therapy is of major interest.
Intra-uterine experimental infection by Ureaplasma diversum induces TNF-α mediated womb inflammation in mice
Authors: Silva Jamile R. , Ferreira Lício F.A.A. , Oliveira Percíllia V.S. , Nunes Ivanéia V. , Pereira Ítalo S. , Timenetsky Jorge , Marques Lucas M. , Figueiredo Tiana B. , Silva Robson A.A.
Published: February 2016

Ureaplasma diversum is an opportunistic pathogen associated with uterine inflammation, impaired embryo implantation, infertility, abortions, premature birth of calves and neonatal pneumonia in cattle. It has been suggested that the intra-uterine infection by Ureaplasma diversum can cause vascular changes that hinder the success of pregnancy. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of intrauterine site of A/J mice in estrus or proestrus phase inoculated with Ureaplasma diversum. The infection was monitored at 24, 48 and 72 hours by the PCR methodology to detect the Ureaplasma in the inoculation site and the profile of circulating blood cells. Morphological changes, intensity of inflammation and the production of cytokines were compared. The infected mice showed local inflammation through the production of IFN-γ and TNF-α. Ureaplasma diversum infections in the reproductive tract of studied mice seemed to be associated with the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in uterine parenchyma. The levels of TNF-α of infected mice were dependent on the bacterial load of inoculated Ureaplasma. Uterine experimental infections by Ureaplasma diversum have not been mentioned yet and herein we presented the first report of an intrauterine infection model in mice.
Características definidoras do diagnóstico de enfermagem "desobstrução ineficaz de vias aéreas"
Authors: Chaves Daniel Bruno Resende , Beltrão Beatriz Amorim , Pascoal Lívia Maia , Oliveira Ana Railka de Souza , Andrade Lívia Zulmyra Cintra , Santos Ana Carla Bonfim dos , Moura Karine Kerla Maia de , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , Silva Viviane Martins da
Published: February 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as características definidoras do diagnóstico de enfermagem "desobstrução ineficaz de vias aéreas" em crianças com infecção respiratória aguda. Método: estudo transversal, descritivo, desenvolvido em dois hospitais especializados no atendimento a crianças. Realizou-se avaliação respiratória detalhada da criança para a identificação das características definidoras do diagnóstico em estudo. Resultados: foram avaliadas 249 crianças, sendo 55,8% do sexo masculino e com mediana de idade de 13,76 meses. Desobstrução ineficaz de vias aéreas foi identificado em 222 crianças (89,2%). As seguintes características definidoras apresentaram associação estatisticamente significante: dispneia, expectoração, ortopneia, ruídos adventícios respiratórios, sons respiratórios diminuídos e tosse ineficaz. Sons respiratórios diminuídos, tosse ineficaz e ruídos adventícios respiratórios compuseram o modelo de regressão logística. Conclusão: as características sons respiratórios diminuídos, tosse ineficaz e ruídos adventícios respiratórios apresentam melhor capacidade de predição para o diagnóstico "desobstrução ineficaz de vias aéreas" em crianças com infecção respiratória aguda.
Condições do letramento funcional em saúde de um grupo de idosos diabéticos
Authors: Santos Maria Izabel Penha de Oliveira , Portella Marilene Rodrigues
Published: February 2016

RESUMO Objetivo: foi avaliar as condições de letramento funcional em saúde de um grupo de idosos diabéticos. Método: estudo seccional e descritivo, com idosos diabéticos assistidos no SUS (N = 114). Avaliaram-se os condicionantes sociais e da saúde, bem como de letramento funcional em saúde pelo teste S-TOFHLA(versão-breve); descreveram-se as proporções simples, média, desvio-padrão e teste do Qui-quadrado de Pearson pelo software SPSS (20.0) com valor α = 5%. Resultados: a média da idade foi 67,4 anos, 74,0% dos idosos eram mulheres, possuíam até 4 anos de escolaridade; 29,8% tinham a doença de longa data, 64,0% relataram ter hipertensão arterial, 47,4% eram ou foram fumantes, 73,7% apresentaram baixo letramento funcional em saúde, que se mostrou associado com a escolaridade p = 0,001. Conclusões: o baixo letramento funcional em saúde pode ser condicionante do autocuidado e pode ser influenciado pela baixa escolaridade, pois implica em ter habilidades para compreender e tomar decisões voltadas à autogestão da saúde.
Unidades de Pronto Atendimento (UPAs): características da gestão às redes de atenção no Paraná
Authors: Uchimura Liza Yurie Teruya , Viana Ana Luiza d'Ávila , Silva Hudson Pacífico da , Ibañez Nelson
Published: February 2016

As Unidades de Pronto Atendimento (UPAs) são classificadas, segundo a Política Nacional de Atenção às Urgências, de acordo com a capacidade física instalada, o número de leitos disponíveis, gestão de pessoas e a capacidade diária de realizar os atendimentos médicos. Objetivou-se identificar as características estruturais e de planejamento do serviço das UPAs às redes de atenção no Paraná. É um estudo de casos com entrevistas semiestruturadas com os coordenadores das UPAs, realizadas em 2012. Os dados foram armazenados e analisados em frequências absolutas e relativas. As UPAs necessitam estar integradas em uma política de Redes de Atenção à Saúde para ampliar a sua resolutividade.
Institucionalidade e governança da regionalização da saúde: o caso da região Sul Mato-Grossense à luz das atas do colegiado de gestão
Authors: Kehrig Ruth Terezinha , Souza Edinaldo Santos de , Scatena João Henrique Gurtler
Published: February 2016

O artigo trata das formas de fazer a regionalização da saúde, objetivando analisar as dimensões da institucionalidade e governança na sua gestão. Fez-se pesquisa qualitativa retrospectiva em base documental (1995-2009). A política estadual de saúde foi indutora da regionalização. A institucionalidade constituiu-se nas instâncias consolidadas: Comissão Intergestores Bipartite Regional, transformada em Colegiado de Gestão Regional; representação da secretaria estadual; central de regulação; consórcio intermunicipal; e hospital regional. Refém de interesses diversos, a governança da regionalização revelou-se incipiente e o planejamento restrito à aplicação normativa de instrumentos legais do SUS.
Análise estratégica sobre a organização de rede assistencial especializada em região de saúde do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Roese Adriana , Gerhardt Tatiana Engel , Miranda Alcides Silva de
Published: February 2016

Neste artigo busca-se analisar as principais estratégias intergovernamentais e os arranjos organizacionais instituídos para o incremento da acessibilidade a serviços assistenciais especializados, localizados em região de saúde do Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de investigação de natureza exploratória e caráter descritivo, com análise estratégica de abordagem qualitativa, a partir de documentos e entrevistas realizadas com dirigentes governamentais. A análise evidenciou tensões e disposições políticas distintas, com preponderância de estratégias cooperativas, embora tenham sido utilizados meios estratégicos diversos, em razão da assimetria no controle de recursos e de margens de autonomia organizacional.
Gestão do trabalho nos hospitais da 9ª região de saúde do Paraná
Authors: Mora Cintia Teixeira Rossato , Rizzotto Maria Lucia Frizon
Published: February 2016

Objetivou-se analisar a gestão do trabalho em 12 hospitais da 9ª Região de Saúde do Paraná. Estudo exploratório, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com 116 profissionais: 52,59% de nível superior; 56,43% ingressaram por processo seletivo; 19,82% possuem mais de um vínculo; 21,43% com vínculos desprotegidos; 19,29% participam de atividades de educação permanente; nenhum hospital possui Plano de Carreira, Cargos e Salários. Conclui-se ser fundamental o Estado exercer seu papel de regulador, fiscalizador e controlador dos serviços de saúde, independentemente da titularidade de quem os execute, necessidades que podem interferir em melhores condições de trabalho, com impacto na qualidade da assistência.
Trayectorias del Sur: Desplazamientos y conformaciones de las naciones diversas de Ecuador y Etiopía
Authors: Cielo Cristina , Vásquez Jorge Daniel , Haynes Carlos , Habtu Hailu
Published: February 2016

Este artículo se centra en un análisis comparativo de las distintas políticas de gestión de la diversidad nacional de los Estados de Ecuador y Etiopía. Se argumenta que dichas políticas han sido configuradas en gran medida por la influencia de diálogos internacionales en torno a las diversas desigualdades, la conceptualización de lo indígena y lo étnico, y acerca de la coexistencia nacional entre grupos históricamente jerarquizados en estructuras políticas y sociales de poder. Puesto que las discusiones y debates sobre la institucionalización de la nación diversaestán insertas en problemáticas políticas y disputas ideológicas, es necesario conocer los regímenes de saber en los que se produce esta institucionalización. En el caso de Ecuador, el proyecto político de laplurinacionalidad se gestó a partir de debates intelectuales en el seno del marxismo, especialmente en torno a la relación entre raza y clase. A esta aportación inicial vendrían a sumarse las generadas en encuentros regionales en los que se definieron reivindicaciones relativas a los derechos de los pueblos y naciones indígenas. En el caso de Etiopía, sería la incorporación de teorías y estrategias nacidas de la lucha anti-colonial en África y Asia las que marcarían el discurrir del tipo específico de gestión de la diversidad nacional, encaminándose finalmente hacia la constitución de unafederación étnica. De una primigenia unión interétnica anti-imperial, en el contexto del régimen militar-autoritario delDerg y ante la creciente importancia de la migración en la política etíope, mutaría hacia el polo opuesto, favoreciendo y reforzando la división étnica.
FEI Titan G2 80-200 CREWLEY
Authors: Kovács András , Schierholz Roland , Tillmann Karsten
Published: February 2016

The FEI Titan G2 80-200 CREWLEY is a fourth generation transmission electron microscope which has been specifically designed for the investigation of a wide range of solid state phenomena taking place on the atomic scale of both the structure and chemical composition. For these purposes, the FEI Titan G2 80-200 CREWLEY is equipped with a Schottky type high-brightness electron gun (FEI X-FEG), a Cs probe corrector (CEOS DCOR), an in-column Super-X energy dispersive X-ray spectros-copy (EDX) unit (ChemiSTEM technology), a post-column energy filter system (Gatan Enfinium ER 977) with dual electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) option allowing a simultaneous read-out of EDX and EELS signals at a speed of 1000 spectra per second. For data recording the microscope is equipped with an angular dark-field (ADF) scanning TEM (STEM) detector (Fischione Model 3000), on-axis triple BF, DF1, DF2 detectors, on-axis BF/DF Gatan detectors as well as a 4 megapixel CCD system (Gatan UltraScan 1000 XP-P). Typical examples of use and technical specifications for the instrument are given below.
Evaluación del valor diagnóstico de la detección de NS1 en pacientes con dengue agudo
Authors: Prada Arismendy Jeanette , Buitrago Jénniffer A. , Beltrán Jéssica , Chavarro Olga Lucía , Castellanos Jaime E.
Published: February 2016

El dengue es endemo-epidémico en Colombia y gran parte de nuestra población está en riesgo de padecer esta enfermedad. Uno de los principales problemas en el manejo del dengue es la dificultad para diagnosticar tempranamente esta arbovirosis, ya que la enfermedad presenta un cuadro clínico de evolución inespecífica, por lo cual es indispensable contar con herramientas diagnósticas rápidas y efectivas. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar el valor diagnóstico de la detección de la proteína viral NS1 en pacientes con sospecha de dengue agudo, provenientes del Departamento de Cundinamarca, a quienes previamente se les había realizado detección de IgM en el Laboratorio de Salud Pública de Cundinamarca; de éstos, 44 muestras correspondían a pacientes con una prueba IgM positiva y las otras 44 a pacientes con una prueba de IgM negativa para dengue. A todas las muestras de suero se les practicó la prueba mediante el sistema Pan-E Dengue Early ELISA™ (Panbio) para la detección de NS1. Al hacer el análisis estadístico, se obtuvo una concordancia moderada entre las dos pruebas diagnósticas. Además, se encontró que 40 % de las muestras positivas para NS1, habían sido previamente reportadas como negativas de acuerdo con el resultado de IgM. De igual forma, se encontró enfermedad grave a menor edad y diferencias significativas en la presencia de erupción cutánea, ausencia de diarrea, leucocitos de menos de 4.000 células/μl y menos de 180.000 plaquetas/μl, al comparar los resultados positivos y negativos de cada prueba. Se puede concluir que la determinación de NS1 es necesaria en los casos sospechosos de dengue agudo y, junto con la determinación de IgM, representa un complemento eficiente para el diagnóstico, agilizando la instauración de un tratamiento oportuno
Neuromielitis Óptica. Patología, diagnóstico y tratamiento en el siglo XXI
Authors: Álvarez Pinzón Andrés Mauricio
Published: February 2016

La neuromielitis óptica (NMO) o enfermedad de Devic, pertenece al grupo de las enfermedades desmielinizantes del sistema nervioso central, afecta de manera significativa los nervios ópticos y la médula espinal. Desde el siglo XIX cuando Eugene Devic dio a conocer una serie de casos en los que existía asociación de lesiones en los nervios ópticos y la medula espinal, la relación de la neuromielitis óptica (NMO) y la Esclerosis Múltiple (EM) ha sido controversial, considerándose una variante de esta última; datos recientes muestran que puede ser distinguida de la Esclerosis Múltiple (EM). Los síntomas de la NMO son por lo general más agudos y severos y la presencia de un autoanticuerpo específico en sangre llamado NMO-IgG tipo acuoporina-4 (AQP4) desempeña un rol muy importante en la patogenia de esta enfermedad,asimismo se encuentran varias características entre ellas de tipo clínico, de laboratorio, neuroimágenes y en la anatomía patológica que diferencian la esclerosis múltiple (EM) de esta enfermedad. La proporción entre mujeres y hombres es mayor de 4 a 1.La presentación clínica y el curso de la enfermedad puede ser con recaídas en 80-90% y en un 10-20% curso monofásico. La manifestación distintiva de la entidad NMO es la ocurrencia ya sea consecutiva o simultánea de NO (unilateral o bilateral) y la presencia de mielitis longitudinal extensa (Mle). La terapia con corticosteroides intravenosos normalmente es el tratamiento inicial para los ataques agudos de neuritis óptica o mielitis. La plasmaféresis es la terapia de rescate cuando no hay respuesta a los esteroides durante los ataques de neuromielitis óptica. Los agentes inmunosupresores se usan para la prevención de las recaídas.
La crisis hospitalaria: análisis de la producción y el pago por servicios individuales de salud en un hospital de primer nivel de atención de la red pública de Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Gómez Luis
Published: February 2016

En diversos medios de información generales y especializados se ha vuelto a hablar recientemente de una crisis n la red pública hospitalaria de todo el país que también ha involucrado a los hospitales de Bogotá. Diversas causas se han atribuido a la mencionada crisis, entre las cuales figura la modalidad de contratación y el pago por venta de servicios a los distintos pagadores identificados n el sistema. Se presenta un análisis de la producción y la facturación por servicios individuales en una Empresa Social del Estado de primer nivel de atención durante el tercer trimestre de 2011, comparándola con su facturación si contratara mediante pago por evento según las tarifas del Seguro Obligatorio de Accidentes de Tránsito (SOAT). Se identifica una disminución en la facturación al Fondo Financiero Distrital de Salud y también en la facturación a las EPS cuando se plantea el ejercicio del pago por evento de los servicios producidos y facturados en el periodo analizado
Estimación biométrica del volumen de humor acuoso en ojos con aceite de silicona en medios opacos
Authors: Oudovitchenko Elena , Correa Jaramillo Oscar , Ferrer Álvaro , Rodríguez Edgar Leonardo
Published: February 2016

Propósito: Estimar el volumen de humor acuoso como índice de viabilidad ocular.
Métodos: El método de cálculo integral de sólidos en revolución por discos, es el utilizado para calcular el volumen del humor acuoso con forma de menisco depositado debajo del aceite de silicona gracias al efecto de la gravedad, y basando dichos cálculos en la mediciones biométricas de diferentes cortes ecográficos, que abarquen tanto el aceite de silicona como el humor acuoso, mediante ecografía ocular.
Resultados: De tres modelos matemáticos realizados para el cálculo del volumen del menisco, uno de ellos es el que más se acerca a los valores empíricos, mostrando menor volatilidad en los resultados
Conclusión: La tercera alternativa conformada por dos elipses de diferente largo, simula de manera más precisa la forma del menisco ocular observado en el ecógrafo
Enfermedades genéticas en una población rural colombiana con discapacidad
Authors: Páez Rojas Paola Liliana , Bages María Catalina , Ramos Nicolás , Morales Verónica , Rubiano Wendy
Published: February 2016

La enfermedad genética, como causa de discapacidad, es un problema de salud real pero subestimado. Aún son insuficientes las intervenciones oportunas y adecuadas en pacientes con discapacidad de origen genético. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de enfermedad genética en una población discapacitada del área rural de Anapoima, Colombia. Se evaluaron 35 pacientes con diferentes tipos de discapacidad y sus familias. Los diagnósticos etiológicos de los pacientes se clasificaron en cinco categorías de acuerdo con la carga genética: categoría I (enfermedades monogénicas), II (enfermedades cromosómicas), III (enfermedades multifactoriales), IV (enfermedades con origen desconocido) y V (enfermedades ambientales). Una vez practicadolos estudios de genética, se volvieron a clasificar bajo las mismas categorías. Antes de practicar los estudios de genética, las enfermedades se ubicaban, principalmente, en la categoría IV seguida de la II. Al finalizar el estudio, la categoría IV disminuyó y la categoría I aumentó de manera importante. Estos hallazgos evidencian que la anamnesis adecuada, el examen físico, el genograma y los exámenes básicos de genética, contribuyen a la detección de enfermedades genéticas, incluso en niveles de atención de baja complejidad en salud. Se evaluó, además, el grado de cumplimiento de las guías de manejo para síndrome de Down en estos pacientes, siendo inadecuado por cada ítem. El abordaje del paciente en situación de discapacidad requiere, entre otras cosas, la valoración y los estudios genéticos. El conocer la etiología permitirá mejor entendimiento y aceptación del paciente y su familia de su condición, planear estrategias de prevención y tratamiento adecuadas, y mejorar el proceso de toma de decisiones sobre reproducción en la familia.
Aproximación en la identificación de factores de riesgo extrínsecos del síndrome de estrés tibial interno en cadetes de la Escuela Militar Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Pérez Camilo , Peña Jhoana
Published: February 2016

Introducción: El síndrome de estrés tibial interno es una enfermedad frecuente en el personal militar durante los primeros meses de su entrenamiento. Su etiología no es muy clara y en diferentes trabajos se han descrito varios factores intrínsecos de riesgo relacionados con este síndrome, pero poco se han enfocado en identificar factores extrínsecos de riesgo en el personal militar.
Objetivo: Hacer una aproximación a la identificación de los factores extrínsecos de riesgo relacionados con el síndrome de estrés tibial interno en personal militar de primer y segundo nivel de la Escuela Militar de Cadetes “General José María Córdova”.
Metodología: La muestra la conformaron100 cadetes de la facultades de Educación Física Militar, de Ingeniería Civil y de Ciencias Militares, que contestaron dos cuestionarios: en uno se buscó identificar la presencia de síntomas y signos activos del síndrome de estrés tibial interno y, en el otro, los factores de riesgo descritos en la literatura y aquellos que a consideración del investigador podrían relacionarse con este síndrome.
Resultados: El 21 % de los cadetes presentó el síndrome de estrés tibial interno. Los factores extrínsecos de riesgo identificados fueron: percibir el calzado deportivo de dotación como similar al calzado particular y realizar “repetición de la actividad” como correctivo en la formación militar. Los factores protectores identificados en los cadetes fueron: correr menos de 10 km, tener un acumulado de 20 a 30 km utilizando el calzado de dotación, percibir el calzado de dotación como pesado o similar al calzado común, desarrollar los entrenamientos físicos de su formación militar sobre la grama y realizar el correctivo militar “trote alrededor de la escuela”.
Conclusion: Se logró determinar que considerar el calzado deportivo de dotación como inadecuado para el entrenamiento deportivo y someterse al correctivo militar “repetición de la actividad”, producen una posibilidad dos veces mayor de desarrollar el síndrome de estrés tibial interno. Se recomienda utilizar el césped como superficie para todo tipo de entrenamiento militar. Se considera que se debe investigar más a fondo la relación entre el calzado deportivo de dotación y el desarrollo del síndrome de estrés tibial interno.
PENGARUH KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DAN KOMITMEN TUJUAN TERHADAP IMPLEMENTASI ANGGARAN BERBASIS KINERJA DENGAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI (Studi pada Satuan Kerja Badan Layanan Umum Perguruan Tinggi di Kota Malang)
Authors: Sholihah Ria Anisatus , Rosidi Rosidi , Purnomosidhi Bambang
Published: February 2016

Ria Anisatus Sholihah. 2014. The Influence of the Quality of Human Resources
and Goal Commitment on the Implementation of Performance Based Budget-ing with Organizational Culture as Moderating Variable. Postgraduate Eco-nomics and Business Faculty of Brawijaya University. Supervisor: Rosidi. Co-Supervisor: Bambang Purnomosidhi. This research aimed to analyze the influ-ence of the quality of human resources and goal commitment on the implemen-tation of performance-based budgeting. In addition, this research aimed to
analyzes the influence of the quality of human resources and goal commitment
on the implementation of performance-based budgeting moderated by organi-zational culture. The results showed that the quality of human resources has a
positive effect on the implementation of performance-based budgeting. How-ever, this study did not succeed in proving that goal commitment affects the
performance-based budget implementation. This study also failed to demon-strate empirically that organizational culture can be a moderating variable to influence of the quality of human resources and goal commitment on the
implementation of performance-based budgeting.
The Puzzling Effect Of Money Shocks On Interest Rates
Authors: Piya-Oui Panita , Ayadi O. Felix , Mayer Walter J.
Published: February 2016

This study reexamines the controversial impact of changes in the growth rate of money supply on short-term nominal interest rates. Most of the early studies consistently find evidence that support a negative relationship between money shocks and interest rates. This relationship reflects the hypothesized liquidity effect. When the Fed accelerates the growth rate in money supply at given prices, output and inflation, the LM curve shifts, and real balances increase. Consequently, nominal an real interest rates are reduced. The results of the finite lag methods vary from one technique to another. However, the general trend points toward the vanishing liquidity effect. An infinite lag method which assumes a quadratic polynomial lag structure is also applied to data from 1972 through 1989. The results show a slight presence of the liquidity effect. The overall results also indicate that inflation rate as well as the variance of inflation rate slightly influence the relationship described above.
Role Of Probability Biclassification In Accounting And Finance Random Variable Representations
Authors: Scrimnger-Christian Charmaine , Musvoto Saratiel Wedzerai
Published: February 2016

The concept of value in accounting has been generalized by various authors to a large variety of relations in both accounting and finance. For example, the basis for the preparation of the financial statements in accounting and the foundations for the determination of the return on a security in finance are based on the concept of value measurement. However, there are cases in which applications of the concept of value measurement breaks down, such as in predicting the long-run behavior of accounting and finance phenomena classified as random variables and in applying deterministic models to accounting and finance models. In this study, the principles of probability biclassification and random utility theory are used to rectify the shortcomings of generalizing the concept of value measurement to include activities to understand the long-run behavior of random variables. This study closes with a discussion on the compatibility of the intentionality structure of acts of knowledge in accounting and finance with statistical concepts on random variables.
 
Forecasting The Exchange Rate Between Euro And USD: Probabilistic Approach Versus ARIMA And Exponential Smoothing Techniques
Authors: Maniatis Paraschos
Published: February 2016

This study attempts to model the exchange rate between Euro and USD using univariate models- in particular ARIMA and exponential smoothing techniques. The time series analysis reveals non stationarity in data and, therefore, the models fail to give reliable predictions. However, differencing the initial time series the resulting series shows strong resemblance to white noise. The analysis of this series advocates independence in data and distribution satisfactorily close to Laplace distribution. The application of Laplace distribution offers reliable probabilities in forecasting changes in the exchange rate.
 
Digital Analysis Of Sales And Industry Partition: An Examination Of U.S. Public Companies
Authors: Geyer Dominique
Published: February 2016

Previous studies have shown that companies' managers tend to round-up reported earnings (Carslaw, 1988; Thomas, 1989; Niskanen & Keloharju, 2000) and sales revenue (Jordan et al., 2009). The frequency of zero as second digit in earnings and sales is much higher than expected frequency. The current study confirms this finding for sales in a sample of U.S. public companies but further shows that this rounding behavior is focused on only few industries. Another finding is that for the financial industry, round-up behaviour is significantly more important for large firms.
 
The Value Added Properties Of Local Historical Preservation Districts
Authors: Gordon David , Vaughan Richard
Published: February 2016

This paper explains what is meant by having real property or entire districts designated as historically significant. The economic and social significance of such a designation is explored. The role of a local historic preservation commission is addressed. It is shown that such an organization enhances the benefits of a historical designation by eliminating informational asymmetries. A simple economic model is developed demonstrating the valuation changes arising from the benefits of the historical designation. Difference in difference models along with hedonic regression models are explained. Empirical results from these models are surveyed. The topic of sustainability and how it increases social value is also approached.
 
The Timing Of Equity Mean Reversion In Relation To The Global Economic Cycle
Authors: Hsieh Heng-Hsing , Hodnett Kathleen
Published: February 2016

Investor overreaction results in the systematic overshooting of stock prices and their subsequent mean reversion. International studies on the overreaction hypothesis generally find that the mean reversion of stock returns take place after a consistent winning or losing trek for over 36 months. We construct monthly-rebalanced prior 36-month winner and loser portfolios from global equities and examine their characteristics over the period from 1999 to 2009. Using the residual returns from the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and the 3-factor model of Fama and French (1993) as proxies for monthly abnormal returns, it is found that the loser portfolio accumulates abnormal returns mainly during turbulent times while the winner portfolio accumulates abnormal returns mainly during the upswing of the economic cycle. The resilient nature of the loser portfolio in the downswing of the economic cycle suggests that investments in past long-term losers could be regarded as a safe haven during financial market turmoil. In line with the prior study results conducted on South African stocks, the abnormal returns between the winner and loser portfolios are negatively correlated and the winner-loser spreads are found to be cyclical in relation to the economic cycle for global equities as investor sentiments and future prospects change.
 
Why Do Acquiring Firms Pay High Premiums To Takeover Target Shareholders: An Empirical Study
Authors: Raad Elias
Published: February 2016

The purpose of this paper is to explore empirically the relationship between several factors reported in the literature to affect the premium received by takeover target shareholders. Using a sample of 190 successful takeovers during the period 1995-2005, our results suggest that high leveraged target firms' shareholders receive, on average, 13.34 percent more premium than stockholders of low leveraged target firms. Controlling for leverage, target firms which have high leverage and oppose the takeover receive significantly larger premiums than those with high leverage but do not oppose the takeover. Moreover, controlling for the size of managerial ownership in target firms, the association between leverage and premiums becomes more significant when managerial ownership is high and less significant when it is low.
 
A Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of A Leadership Competency Model: An Empirical Study Conducted In Thailand
Authors: Overby John , Suvanujasiri Auychai
Published: February 2016

In this study, the researchers investigate the contribution of each component of the leadership competency construct through constructing a model incorporating secondary order confirmatory factor analysis and extrapolated to the Kingdom of Thailand. Developed by Eyde et al (1999) in 1998 this leadership competency model is extrapolated to Thailand and examined for fit. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the research hypotheses framed for this investigation. The findings support the notion that leadership bears a significant relationship with the competencies of leading change, results driven, leading people, building coalitions/communication and business acumen. The good leader should be able to display these competencies as a coherent ensemble. Thus, it can be said that this study provides excellent guidance to human resource managers, teachers, other educators, researchers and managers striving to develop a competitive firm and organization in the current global business environment.
 
Attitudes Of Chinese Listed Enterprises Toward Cash Flow Manipulation: A Resource Dependence Perspective
Authors: Guo Huiting , Wang Fangjun , Zhang Junrui
Published: February 2016

The prevalence of cash flow manipulation has drawn much scholarly attention in China and worldwide, especially since the exposure of the accounting scandals at Enron, WorldCom, and Qwest. Cash flow status also provides a sound basis for corporate valuation. Using a sample of 12,251 firm-year observations from 1999 to 2009, this study thus investigates the attitudes and behavioral patterns of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and non-SOEs in China toward cash flow manipulation. From a point of departure of resource-dependence theory, we find that non-SOEs tend to manipulate cash flow upward, whereas SOEs are more prone to manipulate cash flow downward. We also demonstrate that non-SOEs are more inclined to manipulate their cash flow statements compared with SOEs. The reason behind this differing behavior could be that non-SOEs are reliant on cash and funds from entities, such as governments and banks, and thus, they falsely enhance cash flow and firm performance in order to signal their solvency and thereby reduce financing costs. By contrast, since SOEs always receive sufficient cash inflows from both government sources and state-owned banks, the managers of these firms are unconcerned about cash flow shortages, which lessens their motivation to manipulate the figures. Indeed, this study finds that these managers may even reduce reported cash flow intentionally in order to obtain government assistance. Therefore, investors and regulators should make their judgments on the cash flow of entities based on their status as SOEs or non-SOEs.
 
Efficiency Of Islamic Banks During Subprime Crisis: Evidence Of GCC Countries
Authors: Ftiti Zied , Nafti Olfa , Sreiri Safa
Published: February 2016

This paper investigates the efficiency of the Islamic bank in GCC countries around the subprime crisis of 2008. The score of efficiency is evaluated by using the Data envelopment approach (DEA). Two different approaches are evaluated; the constant return scale (CRS) and Variable return scale (VRS). Then, a regression panel analysis is employed to examine the relationship between efficiency scores derived from the DEA to a set of explanatory variables combined between macroeconomic variables and microeconomic variables. The main finding of this paper is to show that the Islamic bank remains efficient under subprime crisis.
 
How Do The Relational Investments Affect Relational Outcomes?
Authors: Yaqub Muhammad Zafar , Hussain Dildar
Published: February 2016

The paper integrates insights from transaction cost economics and relational exchange theory to discuss the efficacy of value-creating relational investments in affecting certain relational outcomes in context of supplier-intermediate buyer dyadic relationships. After performing PLS path modelling on a data set of 284 dyadic relationships, it has been found that value-creating relational investments made by the focal suppliers in their (intermediate) buyers positively affect various facets of satisfaction, trust and commitment (altogether, the relationship quality) of the intermediate buyers. It has been further argued that an enhancement in the relationship quality ultimately translates into an enhancement in performance of the inter-firm relationships.
 
Theoretical Channels Of International Transmission During The Subprime Crisis To OECD Countries: A FAVAR Model Under Bayesian Framework
Authors: KAABIA Olfa , ABID Ilyes
Published: February 2016

This paper studies whether and how U.S. shocks are transmitted to other OECD economies in the case of the Subprime Crisis. Using a large data set of 119 major financial and macroeconomic variables in 17 OECD countries from 1980:Q1 to 2006:Q2, we characterize the transmission channels by the interpretable factors and make a structural analysis using FAVAR models under a Bayesian approach.

Our main findings suggest that differences exist in the contagion effects. This implies that no generalizations can be made for OECD countries even of equal economic size and in the same geographic region. Our results show that a large portion of the variance of domestic economic variables is explained by global factors and that the interest rate shock appears to play an important role in the spillover mechanism from the U.S to the OECD countries.
 
Does Shift Contagion Exist Between OECD Stock Markets During The Financial Crisis?
Authors: GUESMI Khaled , KAABIA Olfa , KAZI Irfan
Published: February 2016

This study tests whether contagion effects exist, during the financial crisis between the U.S stock market and the OECD ones. We define shift-contagion as a significant increase in correlations in stock returns after a shock. The identification of the break point, the financial crisis, is made by the structural break test of Bai-Perron (2003). Then, time-varying correlation coefficients are estimated by the Dynamic Conditional Correlation (DCC) Multivariate GARCH Model. In order to recognize the contagion effects, we test whether the mean of the DCC coefficients in post-crisis period differs from that in the pre-crisis stable period.

Empirical findings show that the OECD stock markets have displayed a significant increase in the means of correlation coefficients between the pre-crisis and post-crisis periods. This proves the existence of contagion between the U.S and the studied markets.
 
Business Strategies And Competitive Advantage Of Family Hotel Businesses In Ghana: The Role Of Strategic Leadership
Authors: Agyapong Ahmed , Boamah Raheema Boakye
Published: February 2016

Although family businesses contribute largely to the world output, little is known in literature about their mode of operations in the family hotels. The study aims to address the knowledge deficit on this critical component of the economy by investigating the experiences of family hotels in Ghana to gain a better understanding of the factors that facilitate the competitive positioning of family businesses. This paper investigates the moderating influence of strategic leadership on business strategies and performance of family hotel businesses in Ghana. The findings indicate that cost leadership, differentiation and strategic leadership enhance the performance of family hotel businesses in Ghana. It further showed that strategic leadership moderate the influence of both cost leadership and differentiation strategies on the performance of family hotel businesses
 
Re-Examining Government Revenues, Government Spending And Economic Growth In GCC Countries
Authors: Hamdi Helmi , Sbia Rashid
Published: February 2016

The aim of this paper is to examine the inter-temporal relationship between government revenues and expenditures within a trivariate framework by modeling them together with gross domestic product. Our sample is based on a panel of 6 countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) i.e. Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Oman and Bahrain, for the period from 1990 to 2010. We perform an econometric model based on the Toda and Yamamoto procedure. Our empirical results show that government expenditures Granger cause government revenues for Qatar and the United Arab Emirates only, while government revenues Granger cause government expenditures for Saudi Arabia only. We also found a unidirectional causality running from government expenditures to GDP in Bahrain only. Regarding Kuwait, Qatar and Saudi Arabia, GDP Granger cause government revenues while GDP Granger cause government expenditures for Oman and Qatar.
 
Supply Chain Responsiveness Through Modularity Based Manufacturing Practices: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Thatte Ashish A.
Published: February 2016

Modularity based practices have long been said to improve flexibility of firms. This study extends prior research on manufacturing practices by exploring the dimension level and item level relationships between modularity based manufacturing practices and supply chain responsiveness. A large scale web-based survey yielded 294 responses from industry professionals in the manufacturing and supply chain area. The proposed relationship was first tested using structural equation modeling using AMOS, followed by regression analyses for exploring dimension and item level relationships. The study indicates that firms with high levels of modularity based manufacturing practices have high levels of supply chain responsiveness. Key modularity based manufacturing practices that improve various aspects of supply chain responsiveness are identified and discussed.
 
Equity- And Entity-Based Multiples In Emerging Markets: Evidence From The JSE Securities Exchange
Authors: Nel WS , Bruwer BW , Le Roux NJ
Published: February 2016

Analysts typically distinguish between equity- and entity-based approaches when employing the free cash flow model to perform equity valuations. However, when multiples are used to perform equity valuations, analysts often neglect to distinguish between equity- and entity-based approaches. In addition, limited empirical evidence exists on the relative valuation performance of equity- and entity-based multiples in developed capital markets and the emerging markets literature is entirely silent in this regard. In this paper the valuation accuracy of equity-based multiples is compared to that of entity-based multiples in valuing the equity of South African companies listed on the JSE Securities Exchange for the period 2001-2010. The research results reveal that equity-based multiples significantly outperform entity-based multiples, indicating a potential increase in valuation accuracy of as much as 15.37%.
 
Determinants Of Foreign Direct Investment In MENA Region: Panel Co-Integration Analysis
Authors: Jabri Abdelkarim , Guesmi Khaled , Abid Ilyes
Published: February 2016

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows and their determinants in MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region during the period 1970- 2010. Using panel data techniques, we take into account the both hypothesis economic dependencies and structural breaks. We find that the macro determinants like openness, growth rate, exchange rate, and economic instability have a long-run impact on FDI inflows in our panel.
New Perspectives On The Use Of LIFO And Firm Size
Authors: Kostolansky John , Polnaszek Ethan
Published: February 2016

Recent calls to repeal the use of LIFO raise questions about the number of firms that will be impacted, the extent of that impact, as well as the demographics of the impacted firms. The present study assesses the population of publicly-traded companies to determine the frequency of usage of LIFO, the dollar impact of using LIFO, and the connection between firm size and the use of LIFO. This study finds that the tax impact of repealing LIFO may be more manageable than has been reported in the financial press. In addition, this study documents the connection between absolute and relative firm size and the use of LIFO.