bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE PRÁTICAS DE HUMANIZAÇÃO NA UTI-NEONATAL
Authors: Cavalier Natália Toledo , Costa Rafaela Vivas , Dayube Alana Lemos , Bordignon Ana Carolina Gatto , Luna Yasmine Albuquerque
Published: November 2023

A Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTI-Neonatal) é um ambiente crítico no qual recém-nascidos prematuros ou com complicações de saúde recebem cuidados intensivos. A humanização nesse contexto é essencial, pois visa promover a integração da equipe de saúde com a família, respeitando a individualidade do recém-nascido e proporcionando um ambiente acolhedor. O principal objetivo deste estudo é analisar a implementação de práticas de humanização na UTI-Neonatal. Para atingir esses objetivos, realizamos uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Pesquisamos em bases de dados científicas, como PubMed, Scopus e Medline, utilizando palavras-chave relacionadas à UTI-Neonatal, humanização, cuidados neonatais e participação da família. Foram incluídos artigos de pesquisa, revisões sistemáticas e estudos de caso publicados nos últimos 10 anos. A seleção dos artigos seguiu critérios de inclusão e exclusão para garantir a relevância e qualidade dos estudos. Os resultados da revisão destacaram diversas práticas de humanização na UTI-Neonatal. O alojamento conjunto foi apontado como benéfico para a saúde do recém-nascido e para fortalecer o vínculo entre pais e bebês. A comunicação eficaz entre a equipe de saúde e a família desempenhou um papel fundamental na redução da ansiedade e no envolvimento dos pais no cuidado do bebê. Além disso, a presença e participação ativa da família no ambiente da UTI-Neonatal foram consideradas essenciais para o processo de humanização. O treinamento da equipe de saúde em abordagens humanizadas foi identificado como crucial. No entanto, as discussões também abordaram as barreiras à implementação das práticas de humanização, como a falta de recursos e estrutura física inadequada. A necessidade de treinamento contínuo da equipe de saúde foi enfatizada para garantir a adesão a abordagens humanizadas. A humanização na UTI-Neonatal não apenas melhora os resultados de saúde dos bebês, mas também fortalece o vínculo entre a família e a equipe médica, promovendo um ambiente de cuidado mais compassivo e humanizado. Portanto, a continuidade e a expansão dessas práticas são essenciais para a qualidade do atendimento neonatal. Superar as barreiras identificadas e investir em treinamento contínuo são passos importantes na promoção da humanização na UTI-Neonatal e na garantia do melhor cuidado possível para os recém-nascidos e suas famílias.
AUTISMO E COMPORTAMENTOS ADAPTATIVOS: UMA ANÁLISE DA EFICÁCIA DA ABA NA MELHORIA DAS HABILIDADES SOCIAIS E COMPORTAMENTAIS
Authors: Dias Renan Italo Rodrigues , Rocha Maria Eduarda de Sá Bonifácio , Costa Matheus Gomes da , Barros Rosana Karla Pinto de , Neves Ogaciano dos Santos , Viana Júlia Mazôco Leão de Melo , Nazareth Marcelo Jorge Machado , Santos Tatiane dos , Santos Carlos Miguel dos , Souza Lucilene Nogueira dos Santos , Andrade Roseli Pereira , Oliveira Thellysson Farias De
Published: November 2023

O estudo investiga a eficácia da Análise do Comportamento Aplicada (ABA) na melhoria das habilidades sociais e comportamentais em indivíduos no espectro autista. O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) frequentemente apresenta desafios significativos na interação social, comunicação e comportamentos adaptativos. A ABA é uma abordagem terapêutica que se concentra na compreensão e na modificação do comportamento, utilizando técnicas e estratégias baseadas em princípios científicos do comportamento.A pesquisa abrange uma revisão detalhada da literatura, analisando estudos que investigaram os efeitos da ABA nas habilidades sociais e comportamentais de indivíduos com TEA. Os resultados revelam consistentemente melhorias significativas em várias áreas, como interação social, comunicação e comportamentos adaptativos, quando a ABA é implementada de forma consistente e personalizada. Estudos demonstram que a ABA, quando aplicada de maneira intensiva e individualizada, pode ser eficaz na promoção e no aprimoramento das habilidades sociais e comportamentais em crianças, adolescentes e adultos com TEA. A análise da eficácia da ABA destaca a importância de intervenções precoces e estruturadas para melhorar a qualidade de vida e a independência desses indivíduos. A pesquisa também aponta para a necessidade de estudos mais aprofundados e de longo prazo, que considerem variações individuais e os efeitos a longo prazo da ABA nas habilidades sociais e comportamentais. Além disso, é fundamental uma abordagem holística, considerando outros fatores que possam influenciar o desenvolvimento dessas habilidades, como o ambiente social, suporte familiar e a combinação de diferentes modalidades terapêuticas. Em suma, a análise revela que a ABA tem demonstrado ser uma abordagem promissora na melhoria das habilidades sociais e comportamentais em indivíduos com TEA, mas enfatiza a importância de uma abordagem multifacetada e a necessidade de pesquisas contínuas para aprimorar as intervenções destinadas a esses indivíduos.
Plantas medicinais que ajudam no controle da ansiedade
Authors: Paz Larissa Lima , Oliveira Kelly Naiane de Lima , Lima Ismália Magda de Oliveira , Santos Milena da Silva , De Alencar Amilton Cajazeiras , Silva Maria Gracielda Costa , Paiva Maria Janaelvia Guimarães , Junior João Batista Araújo Silva , Silva Francisco Wanderlei Lima , Pinho Lucimary Leite de , Nunes Rodolfo de Melo Nunes
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Identificar plantas medicinais que ajudam a controlar sintomas causados pela ansiedade, as partes utilizadas das plantas, benefícios, malefícios, contraindicação e interações medicamentosas. Métodos: O estudo foi uma revisão bibliográfica qualitativa que utilizou artigos publicados na plataforma PUBMED. Utilizou-se como critério artigos que tenham sido publicados nos últimos 12 anos, escritos na língua inglesa e gratuitos na plataforma na sua integralidade. Os critérios de exclusão foram artigos que não abordassem a temática proposta, revisões bibliográficas, editorial, errata e mini revisões. Resultados: As plantas medicinais que mostraram eficácia no controle da ansiedade foram principalmente a Melissa officinalis L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Passiflora incarnata L. e Valeriana officinalis L. Conclusão: As plantas medicinais podem ser utilizadas a fim de reduzir os sintomas da ansiedade, porém é necessário utilizá-las durante um tempo para perceber os efeitos desejados. Além disso, é necessário utilizá-las com cuidado pois elas podem causar efeitos adversos e interagir com alguns medicamentos.
Peran Kelompok Tani Dalam Upaya Mewujudkan Kemandirian Petani di Era Modern di Kabupaten Tulungagung
Authors: Lestari Mufida Diah , Kurnianto Bambang Tri , Faisal Herry Nur , Solikah Umi Nur
Published: November 2023

Kelompok tani salah satu kelompok yang memberikan andil penting dalam keberlangsungan peningkatan perkembangan perekonomian petani dan keluarganya. Kelompok tani menjadi sebuah wadah bagi petani untuk bisa mendapatkan berbagai informasi mengenai berbagai hal diantaranya: mempererat silaturahmi antara anggota kelompok tani,  sistem usaha tani modern, pemecahan masalah dalam bidang pertanian, sebagai ruang belajar, belajar berorganisasi dan sebagai unit produksi sebagai usaha untuk mengembangan usaha pada skala ekonomi. Kelompok tani dibentuk oleh petani dan diperuntukkan petani, namun banyak kelompok tani yang dibuat berdasarkan program pemerintah yang mengharuskan petani menjadi anggota kelompok tani. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peranan dari kelompok tani dalam  perwujudkan kemandirian petani di Kabupaten Tulungagung. Penelitian menerapkan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Sampel dari penlitian ini adalah petani yang menjadi anggota kelompok tani pada beberapa daerah di Kabupaten Tulungagung. Kelompok tani dibentuk oleh petani dan diperuntukkan petani, namun banyak kelompok tani yang dibentuk berdasarkan program pemerintah yang mengharuskan petani menjadi anggota kelompok tani. Hasil dari penelitian ini masih banyak kelompok tani di Kabupaten Tulungagung yang belum berjalan maksimal disebebakan oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya adalah: sumberdaya petani, petani masih enggan mengikuti kelompok tani, petani mau bergabung kedalam kelompok tani tetapi kurang aktif.
2022 socioeconomic research of Thomas Edison National Historical Park: Report on 2022 data collection
Authors:   Otak, Inc.,   RRC Associates,   University of Montana
Published: November 2023

A strong mandate and need for socioeconomic monitoring are expressed in the NPS strategic goals for science, in statements by the NPS leadership, and the report of the Second Century Commission. This mandate resulted in a pilot socioeconomic monitoring study in 2015/2016 at a sample of park units across the U.S; the current study uses outcomes from the first stage of the pilot program and progresses into a second stage of the pilot process at 24 NPS units across the United States. Thomas Edison National Historical Park (Thomas Edison NHP) was selected as one of these units. This report informs core issues of visitor use management and develops a deeper, contemporary understanding of who visits Thomas Edison NHP and what they do during their visit. It uses a two-phased survey methodology to capture a representative sample of visitor information, characteristics, and behavior: (1) an on-site intercept survey conducted via tablet, and (2) a follow up (mail-back and/or online survey) for full trip details. The results are organized by these two phases and are aimed to assist park managers in understanding current utilization and perception of park resources, operations and potential issues, as well as facilitating communication and decision-making processes within the park and between the park and its local partners and stakeholders.
Monitoring coastal wetland elevation in Southeast Coast Network parks: Protocol implementation plan
Authors: Baron Lisa , Vervaeke William , Gregory M.
Published: November 2023

The National Park Service (NPS) Inventory and Monitoring Division has initiated coastal wetland elevation monitoring at or in the vicinity of Cape Hatteras National Seashore (CAHA), Cape Lookout National Seashore (CALO), Fort Pulaski National Monument (FOPU), Fort Frederica National Monument (FOFR), Cumberland Island National Seashore (CUIS), Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve (TIMU), Fort Matanzas National Monument (FOMA), and Canaveral National Seashore (CANA). This protocol implementation plan is based on the Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network protocol, The Surface Elevation Table and Marker Horizon Technique: A Protocol for Monitoring Wetland Elevation Dynamics (Lynch et al. 2015) with the goal of ensuring NPS data are comparable with existing, contemporary, and future data sets collected by NPS monitoring networks and other monitoring programs.
The Southeast Coast Network?s (SECN) coastal wetland monitoring effort collects surface elevation and marker horizon data at permanent monitoring stations in park salt marsh and mangrove wetlands to provide data to park resource managers on the status of, and trends in, coastal wetland conditions and abilities to adapt to sea level rise within the park and surrounding areas. In addition to sites located with park managed areas, multiple sites located within the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR) are being monitored in a partnership with their system-wide wetland elevation monitoring program. The sites monitored through the GTMNERR partnership are near Fort Matanzas National Monument and Castillo de San Marcos National Monument (CASA), geographically located between Canaveral National Seashore and Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve. Similarly, other partnerships will be perused around other parks to better understand wetland elevation dynamics around those areas.
The purpose of this protocol implementation plan is twofold: to provide a monitoring framework for collecting scientifically sound data and to supply information to help evaluate the current status and trends in coastal wetland conditions. Understanding trends in coastal wetland condition and how stressors such as coastal storms and sea level rise affect them is important for managing these important ecosystems. Surface elevation and marker horizon data can be leveraged to determine if current management practices or environmental conditions are sustaining the desired functions and uses of the parks.
Data collected under this protocol implementation plan are stored in the NPS Surface Elevation Table (SET) Monitoring Database (NPS I&M 2017). In addition to utilizing customized data handling and reporting procedures, this plan and its accompanying standard operating procedures (SOPs) set guidelines for data to be made available internally to park resource managers and employees along with publication to larger audiences via peer-reviewed reports and briefing statements.
Does Militancy Affect Female Students? A Cross Sectional Based Study of District Bajaur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Hammad Zada  , Saima Sarir  , Nasar Shah  , Asma Bibi
Published: November 2023

A cross-sectional study was carried out with the sole purpose of assessing the effects of militancy on female students in District Bajaur. Using Sekaran criterion, a sample size of 169 respondents was purposefully chosen. A conceptual framework consisting of a dependent variable (the nature of drop out) and an independent variable (Militancy). For primary data collection, a well-structured questionnaire was used. Furthermore, descriptive (frequency and percentage distribution) and inferential statistics were used to analyses the data (chi-square test). Thus, the study revealed a highly significant association (P=0.000) between the nature of drop out and militancy indictors (statements), namely, terrorists had destroyed schools in the study area, schools were closed due to security issues, militancy is a formidable barrier to female education, militants have threatened girl schools, local residents were displaced due to militancy, and academic session of children suffered due to militancy. As a result, the government should implement legislative and budgetary measures to reduce dropout rates, such as providing financial assistance, a safe environment, school infrastructure, basic educational facilities in schools, and employment prospects, particularly for female students. Some of the recommendations have been forwarded in light of the current investigation.
Keywords: Cross Sectional Study, Education, Militancy, Female Students, Bajaur.
Spectrum of Flat Epithelial Atypia in Breast Lesions
Authors: Jaffar Nazish , Khan Amna , Batool Rabisa , Rahat Noshaba
Published: November 2023

Objective:  To determine the frequency of flat epithelial atypia and its association with  breast lesions in trucut biopsies and lumpectomy specimens in the local population.Study Design: A cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Department of Pathology at Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center Karachi, Pakistan, from October 2019 to September 2022.Methods: In total, 286 biopsy specimens of breast tissue diagnosed with various pathologies, including benign and malignant cases, were included in our study. The overall frequency of flat epithelial atypia was noted. Furthermore, the Fischer Exact/Chi-square test of association was applied to observe the association of FEA with other breast lesions. Open Epi software was utilized for sample size calculations, and data was analyzed with SPSS version 22.0. Results: The most common age range for flat epithelial atypia  was 17 to 80 years, and the mean age was 27.05 ± 10.34 SD. Fibroadenoma was the most frequent clinical presentation in 214 (74.8%) cases. Features of  flat epithelial atypia were found in a total of 11 (3.84%) cases. However, Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) showed 100% positivity for flat epithelial atypia followed by fibrocystic disease (62%), Invasive Ductal Carcinoma( IDC) (15%), and adenosis (12.5%).Conclusion:  The frequency of flat epithelial atypia, was 3.84% in trucut biopsies and lumpectomy specimens of the breast. The Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS), IDC, fibrocystic disease, and adenosis showed a positive association with flat epithelial atypia.

How to cite this: Jaffar N, Khan A, Batool R, Rahat N. Spectrum of Flat Epithelial Atypia in Various Breast Lesions. An Alarming Sign. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 415-420. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.333
Histopathological Study and Clinical Correlation of Glial Tumors at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi
Authors: Khan Javeria , Bhatti Irtiza Ahmed , Jaffar Nazish , Haider Ghulam , Zaman Aliya , Shabbir Shamama Muhamad
Published: November 2023

Objective: To observe the spectrum of glial tumors in a resource-limited tertiary care setup of Karachi according to the modified WHO central nervous system tumor classification.Study Design:A retrospective analysis.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Oncology Ward of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan from August 2020 to January 2021.Methods: The study was done to record data of patients diagnosed with glioma, which were registered during 2017 - 2019. Patients were classified according to recent WHO brain tumor classification. Data analysis as performed by SPSS version 26.0.Results: A total of 115 glioma cases were included. The most common presenting age group was in the 4th decade of their life. Oligodendroglioma was the most common histological type 61 (53.5%). The most common presenting symptom was a headache in 46 (40%). The location of the tumor was temporoparietal lobe in 51/115 (44.3%). Immunohistochemical studies showed a significant association with histological subtypes (p-value: 0.002). Conclusion: Oligodendroglioma was found to be the most common histological type. Immunohistochemical marker GFAP expression was positive for the majority of diagnosed cases, where 1p19q / codeletion was observed specifically in oligodendrogliomas.

How to cite this: Khan J, Bhatt IA, Jaffar N, Haider G, Zaman A, Shabbir SM Histopathological Study and Clinical Correlation of Glial Tumors: Tertiary Care Setting in Karachi. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 481-486. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.337
Diagnostic Accuracy of Cord Blood Bilirubin in Predicting Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia, Taking Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia within One Week of Birth as Gold Standard
Authors: Majeed Maryam , Ahmed Daniyal , Hanif Danish , Khaliq Hamna , Ahmad Ali , Awan Zunaira Asghar
Published: November 2023

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of cord blood bilirubin in predicting neonatalhyperbilirubinemia, taking neonatal hyperbilirubinemia within one week of birth as the gold standard.Study Design: Across-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The Study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Medicine, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan from 7 September 2020 to 6 March 2021.Methods: A total of 366 term neonates of both gendersgenders were included. Neonates with congenital hypothyroidism, neonatal hepatitis, biliary atresia, and sepsis were excluded. After getting informed consent from parents, a cord blood sample was taken and sent to the institutional laboratory for measuring total bilirubin levels, and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (yes/no) was noted. All neonates were followed by the researcher for one week and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was noted.Results: The study yielded 193 true positive and 14 false positive cases, along with 7 false negative and 152 true negative cases, with a statistically significant p-value of 0.0001. Overall, the diagnostic accuracy of cord blood bilirubin in predicting neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, using neonatal hyperbilirubinemia within one week of birth as the gold standard, was found to be 96.50% for sensitivity, 91.57% for specificity, 93.24% for positive predictive value, 95.60% for negative predictive value, and 94.26% for diagnostic accuracy.Conclusion: This study has shown that cord blood bilirubin has a rather good diagnostic accuracy for predicting newborn hyperbilirubinemia.

How to cite this: Majeed M, Ahmed D, Hanif D, Khaliq H, Ahmad A, Khan ZA. Diagnostic Accuracy of Cord Blood Bilirubin in Predicting Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia, Taking Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia within One Week of Birth as Gold Standard. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 401-409. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.347
Reliability and Validity of the COPE Index among Caregivers of Hemodialysis Patients in Pakistan
Authors: Nasim Sumaira , M. Lowe Nicola , Hall Moran Victoria , Dillon Stephanie , Zaheer Sidra , Philp Ian
Published: November 2023

Objective: To assess the reliability and validity of the COPE (Carers of Older People in Europe) index tool among the caregivers of dialysis-dependent patients in Pakistan.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Dialysis Unit of Pakistan Kidney Patients Association Rawalpindi, Bahria International Hospital Rawalpindi and Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from December 2018 to January 2019. Methods: A 15-item COPE index questionnaire was administered, and data were collected from 124 caregivers of patients undergoing regular hemodialysis. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed on all items of the COPE index to retain the underlying components. Further, Cronbach's alpha was used to assess the internal consistency of the retained component structure and loadings obtained from the PCA and the entire instrument separately.Results: The PCA analysis revealed that, with the context of this study, the COPE index had good internal consistency for the negative aspects of caregiving and social support (Cronbach's alpha scores were 0.864 and 0.781, respectively). For the positive impact items, a Cronbach's alpha score of 0.655 indicated modest internal consistency. Cronbach's alpha of 0.714 for the entire 15 items indicated that the COPE index had good overall internal consistency in our study population.Conclusion: The COPE index was found to be a valid tool for use in Pakistan to assess the caregiver experience, including both positive and negative aspects of caregiving.

How to cite this: Nasim S, Lowe NM, Moran VH, Dillon S, Zaheer S, Philp I. Reliability and Validity of the COPE Index among Caregivers of Hemodialysis Patients in Pakistan. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 393-400. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.351
Effect of Truncal Versus Branch Ligation of Inferior Thyroid Artery on Postoperative Hypocalcemia Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgery: Rawalpindi
Authors: Javed Romassa , Qasim Butt Muhammad , Tariq Mansoor , Qamar Rohan , Bukhari Sarah Tauseef
Published: November 2023

Objective: To investigate the effect of truncal or branch ligation of the inferior thyroid artery on postoperative hypocalcemia. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH), Rawalpindi, Pakistan from July 2021 to June 2022.Methods: For this study, 60 patients were enrolled who underwent total thyroidectomy at the Department of Surgery from July 2021 to June 2022. Patients were divided into Group 'A' and Group 'B', with an equal number of 30 patients in each group. Patients in group 'A' underwent bilateral ITA ligation at the trunk, while patients in group 'B' underwent ligation of terminal branches of ITA on the gland capsule. The primary outcome was postoperative hypocalcemia on 1 postoperative day.Results: Our results showed a significant difference in hypocalcemia in both groups. Decreased incidence of biochemical hypocalcemia was found in branch ligation of ITA (3.33%) than trunk ligation (36.36%) P value 0.025.Conclusion: Branch ligation of ITA decreases the incidence of hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy.

How to cite this: Javed R, Butt MQ, Tariq M, Qamar R, Bukhari ST. Effect of Truncal Versus Branch Ligation of Inferior Thyroid Artery on Postoperative Hypocalcemia Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgery: Rawalpindi. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 452-457. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.366
Homocysteine and Vitamin D Levels: An Association with Depression and its Severity
Authors: Bajwa Asif Azeem , Khan Sikandar , Raza Hassan , Nazir Tashfeen -Bin-
Published: November 2023

Objective: To determine the association of serum Homocysteine and serum vitamin D levels with depression and its severity.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Institute of Mental Health (AFIMH), Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from December 2021 to May 2022. Methods: We recorded demographic data, including age, gender, and socioeconomic status of consecutively sampled 155 subjects. Depression and its severity was assessed by applying the Urdu version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D U). Blood samples were collected to assess serum homocysteine and serum vitamin D before commencing any treatment for depression; these samples were assessed at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP Rawalpindi).Results: The mean Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D U) score was 17.14 ± 4.29 with minimum and maximum scores as 8 and 22. There were 97 (62.6%) cases that had mild to moderate depression, and 58 (37.4%) patients had severe depression. The frequencies of intermediate to severe Homocysteine levels were statistically higher in individuals with severe depression (p < 0.001), while vitamin D deficiency was also statistically higher in individuals experiencing severe depression (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Raised serum homocysteine levels and deficiency of serum vitamin D is associated with the severity of depression.

How to cite this: Bajwa AA, Khan S, Raza H, Nazir TB. Homocysteine and Vitamin D Levels: An Association with Depression. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 372-378. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.385
Role of Sonography in the Assessment of Dengue Fever with Serological Correlation
Authors: Rashid Amir , Fakhr Amer , Azeem Abdul Rehman , Arshad Abdul Rehman , Ahmed Waqas , Ahmed Yastoor
Published: November 2023

Objective: To assess ultrasound findings and their correlation with hematological parameters in patients with serologically confirmed Dengue Fever (DF).Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Medicine of Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH), Rawalpindi, Pakistan from April 2022 to July 2022.Methods: All participants in this study were serologically confirmed to have dengue disease. Each participant underwent chest, abdomen, and pelvis ultrasound examinations and a complete blood count (CBC). Both descriptive and analytic factors were analyzed statistically. Chi-Square / Fisher exact tests were employed to determine the connection between variables. A p-value less than (0.05) was statistically significant.Results: 166 individuals with Dengue NS-1 antigen positive with a mean age of 35.77±11.13 years were included in this research. The mean duration of symptoms at the time of admission was 7.32± 1.86 days, and the average duration of hospital stay was 6.69± 2.01 days. Edema of the gallbladder wall was noticed in 67 (40.36%) of patients, whereas hepatomegaly was observed in 82 (49.39%). Ascites in 49 (29.51%), Pleural effusion in 48 (28.91%), and splenomegaly in 37 (22.28%). The average count of megakaryocytes was 97.09± 43.10. Significantly more sonographic anomalies were identified in patients younger than 36 years of age.Conclusion: Ultrasound helps in early detection of leaky phase and complications in serologically confirmed patients with Dengue Fever who need prompt medical care.

How to cite this: Rashid A, Fakhr A, Azeem AR, Arshad AR, Ahmed W, Ahmed Y. Role of Sonography in the Assessment of Dengue Fever with Serological Correlation. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 410-414. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.390
A Study on Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Spike Protein of SARS-COV2 in Pakistan
Authors: Rizwan Mahnoor , Ahad Abdul , Aziz Sadia , Ahmed Lone Nazir , Naz Tabasum , Bilal Khan Muhammad , Jafri Laila , Ali Liaqat
Published: November 2023

Objective: To examine the prevalence of antibody IgG/IgM and designing follow-up study of six months and to perform the molecular characterization and sequence analysis of spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.Study Design: Prevalence study. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in the Post-Graduate Lab of the National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi, Pakistan from January 2021 to June 2021.Methods: 112 suspected patients with mild and severe symptoms were tested by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and all were positive. Antibody profiling of vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and followed up for up to six months.Results: Ten patients were identified as re-infected and were subsequently re-tested via PCR and DNA sequencing. The IgG/IgM of immunized patients was 11.87IU/mL and 3.87IU/mL in non-immunized individuals. Genomic analysis indicated that all the sequences belong to delta variant (21A and 21J sub-lineages). Mutations were observed in spike protein at I1169V, D950N in 21A and T951I and S254F in 21J sub-lineages.Conclusion: This study revealed the significance of measuring antibody levels among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. Additionally, mutations in the spike gene of the delta variant of SARS-CoV2 can influence the pathogen's mutation rate, leading to changes in its transmissibility and pathogenicity.

How to cite this: Rizwan M, Ahad A, Aziz S, Lone NA, Naz T, Khan MB, Jafri L, Ali L. A Study on Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Spike Protein of SARS-COV-2 in Pakistan. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 458-468. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.400
Do Alpha-Ketoanalogues Slow Down Disease Progression in Non-Dialysis Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease?
Authors: Saeed Bilal , . Khayam , Afridi Zabihullah , Ullah Muhammad Sana
Published: November 2023

Objective: To observe the effectiveness of keto-analogues in slowing down the disease progression in non-dialysis dependent CKD patients.Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Nephrology Department of Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Peshawar, Pakistan from August 2022 to 28 February 2023.Methods: Data was collected on 290 kidney disease improving global outcomes (KDIGO) stage 3 and 4 CKD patients through non-probability consecutive sampling technique. The cohort was divided into group A (Low protein diet) and B (ketodiet). Group A received low protein diet in addition to standard chronic disease treatment while Group B was labelled as keto-diet group which received ketoanalogues in addition to low protein diet and standard chronic kidney disease treatment. Baseline and six months eGFR was calculated and compared for both groups. SPSS version 23.00 was used for data analysis. The P value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.Results: 286 patients aged 51.84±18.127 were selected for our study. 188(65.73%) were males while females were 98 (34.26%). There were 142 (50.34%) and 144(50.34%) patients in group A and B respectively. Duration of CKD in group A and B was 6.45±2.55 and 6.49±1.75 years respectively. The means difference of eGFR in group A (low protein diet) at baseline and after six months was 3.64±1.09mL/ min/ 1.73m2 while that of group B was 1.48±0.41 mL/ min/ 1.73m2 (P-value<0.000). Conclusion: Ketoanalogues is an emerging therapy which slows down disease progression in non-dialysis dependent CKD patients. Although its use is recommended by some clinicians in CKD stage 3 and 4 non-dialysis dependent but still controversial.

How to cite this: Saeed B, Khayam, Afridi Z, Ullah MS. Do Alpha-Ketoanalogues Slow Down Disease Progression in Non-Dialysis Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease?. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 427-431. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.407
Discrimination of Brain Abscess and Necrotic Brain Tumor with Proton MR Spectroscopy and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
Authors: Saqib Hammad , Asghar Aisha , Firdous Atqa , Zahra Mahwish , Ul Islam Zia , Mushtaq Samreen
Published: November 2023

Objective: To compare the efficacy of MR spectroscopy and diffusion-weighted imaging in discriminating between cystic or necrotic tumors and pyogenic brain abscesses.Study Design: A retrospective study design.Place and Duration of Study: The Study was conducted at the Radiology Department of Nishtar Hospital Multan and General Hospital Lahore, Pakistan, from January 2022 to January 2023. Methods: A total ten patients were included in the study. Of 10 patients, 5 had pyogenic abscesses, and 5 had tumors. Tumors were metastases (2 patients), glioblastomas (2 patients), and anaplastic astrocytoma (1 patient). Proton MR spectroscopy and diffusion-weighted imaging were performed in all patients. Results: Results showed that significant resonance lines (creatine/phosphocreatine, N-acetyl aspartate, and choline) observed in normal brain parenchyma were missing in abscesses or necrosis. MR spectroscopy of abscess showed multiple resonance peaks. Diffusion-weighted images showed that all pyogenic abscesses had lower ADC values and were hyperintense compared to normal brains. Conclusion: Diffusion-weighted imaging is more accurate and less time consuming method for discrimination of brain lesions compared to MR spectroscopy.

How to cite this: Saqib HA, Asghar A, Firdous A, Zahra M, Islam Z, Mushtaq S. Discrimination of Brain Abscess and Necrotic Brain Tumor with Proton MR Spectroscopy and Diffusion Weighted Imaging. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 432-437. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.431
Effect of Aging on Hardness of Glass Ionomer, Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer, Giomer and Compomer Dental Restorative Materials
Authors: Gul Hashmat , Nayyer Maleeha , Junaid Yusra , Pasha Mehwish , Ejaz Tahira , Liaqat Ujala , Hammad Hassan Syed
Published: November 2023

Objective: To assess deionized water's aging effect on the hardness of four direct tooth colored dental filling materials i.e., Glass Ionomer Cement, Resin Modified Glass Ionomer, Giomer and Compomer.Study Design: An in vitro experimental study performed in triplicates.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at PG Laboratory, Department of Science of Dental Materials, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from February 2023 to August 2023.Methods: Three disc-shaped samples (n=3) of 10 mm diameter and 1 mm thickness of each restorative material were prepared using stainless steel molds per manufacturer's instructions. These disc-shaped samples were then suspended in a 15 mL conical centrifuge tube containing 10 mL deionized water, followed by incubation in a Forced Convection Laboratory Oven at 37 C where these were allowed to age over a period of 1-2 years. Vickers Hardness of each sample was then checked at two-time intervals, i.e., after 24 h setting and after 2.5 years of ageing through the Micro Vickers Hardness Tester calibrated at 1Kgf (9.80 N) with dwell time of 10 seconds and light intensity 10. Results: After one day (24 h) aging in deionized water, maximum mean Vickers hardness number (VHN) was exhibited by Compomer (539.83±58.08 VHN) and least by GIC (175.75±24.47 VHN). After aging the sample for 912 days, maximum mean VHN was observed for GIC (420.67±99.66 VHN) and least by Compomer (354.33±9.22 VHN). Conclusion: RMGIC sustains its hardness on aging, hardness of GIC increases while that of Giomer and Compomer decreases upon aging.

How to cite this: Gul H, Nayyer M, Junaid Y, Pasha M, Ejaz T, Liaqat U, Hassan SH. Effect of Aging on Hardness of Glass Ionomer, ResinModified Glass Ionomer, Giomer and Compomer Dental Restorative Materials. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 438-444. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.437
Intracranial Spread of Infections Among the Patients of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Authors: Malik Muhammad Imran , Naqvi Aiman Fatima , Naqvi Syeda Uzma , Khan Nida , Ali Aijaz , Abbas Najaf
Published: November 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of intracranial spread of infections among the patients of chronic suppurative otitis media presenting at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi.Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Dow Medical College, Dr. K.M Ruth Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2021 to January 2022.Methods: Out of 87 patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media were included using a non-probability sampling technique. Possible routes of spread of infections were identified based on per operative findings. The Descriptive statistics were applied to all parameters. On inferential statistics, Chi-square test was used for stratification, considering p-value ≤0.05 as significant.Results: 75 (86.2%) were male and 12 (13.8%) were female. 21 (24.1%) patients were found with meningitis, 11 (12.6%) with lateral sinus thrombosis, and 2 (2.3%) with otitis hydrocephalus. As far as signs and symptoms are concerned, 87 (100%) patients had a headache, 74 (85.1%) had nausea and vomiting, 44 (50.6%) patients had vertigo, 43 (49.4%) had a fever, 18 (20.7%) had diplopia, and 73 (83.9%) had altered consciousness. 69 (79.3%) of patients' route of infection in the patients of chronic suppurative otitis media had bone erosion, 12 (13.8%) had thrombophlebitis, and 6 (6.9%) had anatomical pathways. Among different sites of spread of infection, the most common site was sinodural angle 45 (51.72%).Conclusion: Bone erosion, with 79.3%, was the most prevalent route of intracranial spread, followed by thrombophlebitis and anatomical pathways.

How to cite this: Malik MI, Naqvi AF, Naqvi SU, Khan N, Ali A, Abbas N. Routes and Sites of Intracranial Spread of Infections Among the Patients of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media. Life and Science.2023; 4(4): 476-482. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.476
Effects of Momordica charantia (MC) Extract on Clinical Symptoms, Parasite Account, Thrombocytes, Total Bilirubin and Direct Bilirubin in Patients with Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria: A Case Report
Authors: Yudianto Dian , Syamsudin Abdillah  , Hesty Utami Ramadaniaty  , Erni Juwita Nelwan
Published: November 2023

Clinical symptoms during the treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria have been reported in several studies. Parasite density in the blood is associated with clinical symptoms, platelet, and bilirubin count. A 52-year-old male, weighing 52 kg, was given one capsule containing 325 mg bitter melon (Momordica charantia) extract for 3 days of treatment. Patients were followed up for 28 days, days 1,2,3,4,7,14,21,28, and peripheral blood microscopic examination and clinical symptoms were carried out. Measurement of platelets, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin D0, D14 and D28. Naranjo Scale, adverse events measurements were taken on D7, no signs of severe malaria, no comorbidities, no history of malaria, blood pressure 110/80 mmHg, peripheral blood parasite examination on D0 found P. falciparum parasites of 31,714/µL, D0 platelet value of 94x10 /mm3, D0 total bilirubin value of 1.3 mg% and D0 direct bilirubin value of 0.6 mµ/mL. On D1 parasite count was 2,400/µL, D2 was 372/µL, D3, D4, D7, D14, D21, D28 no asexual parasites were found again. Clinical symptoms that arose on D0 were nausea, no appetite, sweating, chills, sleep disturbance, dizziness, headache, and weakness with a body temperature of 37°C. After D3 of bitter melon extract treatment, no clinical symptoms were found again. Naranjo scale score based on nurse and pharmacist agreement was 6 (probable) at D7 for the adverse events of nausea and vomiting. There were no reported adverse events such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, cough, sleep disturbance, dizziness, headache and weakness on D2 treatment. Bitter melon extract is effective for uncomplicated malaria P. falciparum, reduces clinical symptoms, and is safe.
TALK SHOW TENTANG PENCEGAHAN HIV/ AIDS PADA REMAJA DI DESA BIALO KECAMATAN GANTARANG KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA
Authors: Safruddin  , Andi Suswani M
Published: November 2023

HIV/AIDS adalah virus  yang menyebar dari satu orang ke orang lainnya  yang merusak sistem imun sampai tidak berfungsi sehingga menjadi kumpulan gejala penyakit yang mematikan. Prevalensi kasus HIV/AIDS terus mengalami peningkatan dari tahun  ke tahun yang menyebabkan angka kematian dan kesakitan juga meningkat khususnya menyerang masa remaja .

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan memberikan Pendidikan kesehatan tentang peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada remaja Di Desa Bialo Kecamatan Gantarang Kabupaten Bulukumba. Metode dalam pelaksanaan pengabdian melalui penyuluhan Kesehatan, dialog (talk show) dan diskusi tentang pentingnya upaya pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada remaja dengan melibatkan dinas Kesehatan, pemegang program HIV/AIDS puskesmas, pemerintah desa, tokoh agama dan masyarakat

Hasil kegiatan talk show adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan remaja tentang pengertian, penyebab, tanda dan gejala serta upaya pencegahan penyebaran dan penularan penyakit HIV/AIDS

Kesimpulan hasil pendidikan Kesehatan ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja dalam melakukan upaya pencegahan penyakit HIV/AIDS serta mampu melakukan deteksi dini tentang tanda dan gejala penyakit HIV/AIDS
PEMERIKSAAN KESEHATAN DAN PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP KELOMPOK RESIKO OBESITAS DI DESA TACCORONG KECAMATAN GANTARANG KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA TAHUN 2019
Authors: Alfira Nadia , Muriyati
Published: November 2023

Obesitas adalah kondisi dimana lemak tubuh berada dalam jumlah yang berlebihan (Muriyati & Syamsuddin AB, 2018). Obesitas merupakan faktor resiko penyebab kematian ke-5 didunia. Sekitar 2,8 juta penduduk didunia meninggal akibat komplikasi obesitas, 23% menderita penyakit jantung iskemik, dan 7% sampai 41% memiliki resiko terkena kanker pada organ tertentu. Obesitas terjadi karena disposisi genetik, asupan makanan yang terlalu banyak, dan aktivitas fisik yang terlalu sedikit. Tujuan kegiatan ini diharapkan masyarakat dapat mengetahui hasil pemeriksaan kesehatan untuk mengetahui kategori obesitas dan mendapatkan tambahan informasi mengenai cara pencegahan obesitas dan cara menjalankan pola hidup sehat warga masyarakat Desa Taccorong. Kegiatan ini telah dilaksanakan dengan pada tanggal 3 Desember 2019. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah pemeriksaan kesehatan, skrining kelompok resiko obesitas berdasarkan IMT, dan penyuluhan kesehatan. Pada hasil pemeriksaan yang didapatkan ada 2 (9,1%) orang yang masuk dalam kategori berat badan berlebih (overweight) sedangkan yang masuk dalam kategori Obesitas I ada 10 (45,4%) orang, dan untuk kategori Obesitas II ada 4 (18,2%) orang. Penyuluhan kesehatan diikuti oleh semua kelompok resiko dan berlangsung lancar dan tertib
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN KEPADA IBU HAMIL TENTANG KECUKUPAN GIZI PADA 1000 HARI EPERTAMA KEHIDUPAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN STUNTING DI DESA RUMPA
Authors: Sumiyati  , Niar  , Ariani
Published: November 2023

Gerakan 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan merupakan suatu gerakan percepatan perbaikan gizi yang diadopsi dari gerakan Scaling Up-Nutrition (SUN) Movement. Tujuan global dari SUN Movement adalah untuk menurunkan masalah gizi pada 1000 HPK yakni dari awal kehamilan sampai usia 2 tahun. Stunting adalah masalah kurang gizi pada anak yang berlangsung lama (bisa dimulai dari saat masih dalam kandungan) yang menyebabkan gangguan pertumbuhan anak yaitu tinggi badan anak lebih rendah dari seusianya. Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari stunting diantaranya peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas, masalah perkembangan anak, menghambat pertumbuhan ekonomi dan produktivitas. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk mencegah kejadian stunting salah satunya adalah penyuluhan kesehatan kepada ibu hamil, tentang kecukupan gizi 1000 hari pertama kehidupan sebagai periode emas pertumbuhan bayi. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang kecukupan gizi 1000 hari pertama kehidupan untuk mencegah stunting. Hasil evaluasi pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dapat berjalan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan target sasaran. Luaran yang diharapkan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini dapat tercapai dengan indikator meningkatnya tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang kecukupan gizi 1000 hari pertama kehidupan untuk mencegah stunting.
The Effect Of Level 1 Progressive Mobilization On Respiration Rate (Rr) Of Critical Patients In The Icu Room At Labuang Baji Hospital, Makassar
Authors: Asriadi  , Irma Andrianys
Published: November 2023

Background: Critical patients who are treated in the ICU have various conditions that require the patient to receive maximum care. Level 1 progressive mobilization will affect oxygen saturation which can increase the frequency and depth of breathing, increase ventilation, decrease breathing and decrease breathing, and increase diaphragm expansion. Objective: To determine the effect of level 1 progressive mobilization on respiration rate (RR) in the ICU room at Labuang Baji Hospital, Makassar. Method: The research design used in this research is quantitative research with a pre-experimental research design with a one group pre-test post-test design. The sample used in this research was 16 respondents. This research was conducted on 19 July-19 August 2022 in the ICU room at Labuang Baji Hospital, Makassar. The research tool uses a respiration rate measuring device using a Bedside Monitor and an observation sheet. The analysis used is non-parametric statistics, namely the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test analysis. Results: Analysis of the pretest respiration rate, namely an average value of 16x/minute, protest respiration rate, an average value of 22x/minute with a significance of 0.002 <0.05. Conclusion: There is an influence between Level 1 Progressive Mobilization on changes in the Respiration Rate value of the ICU room at Labuang Baji Hospital, Makassar.
The Influence Of Giving Coconut Oil On The Event Diaper Rash In Babies
Authors: Marliah  , Misrawati
Published: November 2023

Naturally processed ingredients that can be considered as an alternative topical therapy that can be used for skin care in babies who experience diaper rash and as a prevention of diaper rash are CO.The purpose of this study was to find the Effect of Coconut Oil Administration on the Incidence of Diaper Rash in Babies in the Work Area of the New Jumpandang Health Center.The research was conducted from January to April 2022 at the Jumpandang Baru Health Center. This research is an experimental study with the design of Two Group Posttest Only Design which aims to find the influence between independent variables and dependent variables.  The population in this study was all babies who visited and were at the Jumpandang Baru Health Center as many as 30 people using purposive sampling techniques.The results showed that out of 30 respondents as a sample, it was divided into two groups with 15 people in the intervention group given coconut oil and 15 people in the control group who were not given.The results showed that of the 15 respondents who were sampled in the intervention group, after being given coconut oil, 4 people (37.5%) had diaper rash and 15 people were not given to 13 people who had diaper rash. The results showed that there was an effect of coconut oil administration on the incidence of diaper rash in babies with a value of ρ = 0.001<from α = 0.05.It is necessary for the Puskesmas to plan counseling programs, especially regarding the provision of coconut oil and to midwives to further increase their attention to providing information about the importance of giving coconut oil with diaper rash to babies.