bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the stratospheric response to the solar cycle in a coupled WACCM simulation with an internally generated QBO
Authors: Kren A. C. , Marsh D. R. , Smith A. K. , Pilewskie P.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. The response of the stratosphere to the combined interaction of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and the solar cycle, and the influence of the solar cycle on the QBO, are investigated using the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model. A transient simulation was run from 1850–2005 with fully interactive ocean, chemistry, greenhouse gases, volcanic eruptions, and an internally generated QBO. The model QBO produces a realistic representation of equatorial stratospheric winds. The simulation results are analyzed to examine the modulation of the Holton–Tan effect by the solar cycle. Over ~ 40 yr periods a correlation is sometimes found between the northern polar geopotential heights and the 255 nm solar irradiance when the data are separated as a function of QBO phase. At other times, the correlation switches sign; it is not robust over the entire simulation. Complementing this are analyses of several additional model runs: an additional interactive QBO simulation and an ensemble of simulations using a prescribed QBO. The results raise the possibility of a chance occurrence in the observed polar solar-QBO response. In addition, we do not find a significant modulation of either the QBO period or amplitude by the solar cycle.
Determination of wave vectors using the phase differencing method
Authors: Walker S. N. , Moiseenko I.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. Due to the collisionless nature of space plasmas, plasma waves play an important role in the redistribution of energy between the various particle populations in many regions of geospace. In order to fully comprehend such mechanisms it is necessary to characterise the nature of the waves present. This involves the determination of properties such as wave vector k. There are a number of methods used to calculate k based on the multipoint measurements that are now available. These methods rely on the fact that the same wave packet is simultaneously observed at two or more locations whose separation is small in comparison to the correlation length of the wave packet. This limitation restricts the analysis to low frequency (MHD) waves. In this paper we propose an extension to the phase differencing method to enable the correlation of measurements that were not made simultaneously but differ temporally by a number of wave periods. The method is illustrated using measurements of magnetosonic waves from the Cluster STAFF search coil magnetometer. It is shown that it is possible to identify wave packets whose coherence length is much less than the separation between the measurement locations. The resulting dispersion is found to agree with theoretical results.
Background subtraction for the Cluster/CODIF plasma ion mass spectrometer
Authors: Mouikis C. G. , Kistler L. M. , Wang G. , Liu Y.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. The CODIF instrument on the Cluster spacecraft is a time-of-flight (TOF) ion mass spectrometer. Although TOF spectrometers are relatively immune to background contamination due to the double coincidence requirement, high background rates can still result in false coincidences. Along the Cluster orbit, false coincidences are commonly observed due to the penetrating radiation of relativistic electrons during the encounters with the Earth's radiation belts. A second type of background in these instruments occurs when events of one species fall into the time-of-flight range defined for another species. Although the fraction of the H+ events that spill into the He+ measurement is small, when the actual He+ fluxes are low this can result in significant contamination. In this paper we present two techniques that allow the subtraction of the false coincidences and the H+ "spill" from the CODIF measurements.
Enhancing the representation of subgrid land surface characteristics in land surface models
Authors: Ke Y. , Leung L. R. , Huang M. , Li H.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. Land surface heterogeneity has long been recognized as important to represent in the land surface models. In most existing land surface models, the spatial variability of surface cover is represented as subgrid composition of multiple surface cover types, although subgrid topography also has major controls on surface processes. In this study, we developed a new subgrid classification method (SGC) that accounts for variability of both topography and vegetation cover. Each model grid cell was represented with a variable number of elevation classes and each elevation class was further described by a variable number of vegetation types optimized for each model grid given a predetermined total number of land response units (LRUs). The subgrid structure of the Community Land Model (CLM) was used to illustrate the newly developed method in this study. Although the new method increases the computational burden in the model simulation compared to the CLM subgrid vegetation representation, it greatly reduced the variations of elevation within each subgrid class and is able to explain at least 80% of the total subgrid plant functional types (PFTs). The new method was also evaluated against two other subgrid methods (SGC1 and SGC2) that assigned fixed numbers of elevation and vegetation classes for each model grid (SGC1: M elevation bands–N PFTs method; SGC2: N PFTs–M elevation bands method). Implemented at five model resolutions (0.1°, 0.25°, 0.5°, 1.0°and 2.0°) with three maximum-allowed total number of LRUs (i.e., NLRU of 24, 18 and 12) over North America (NA), the new method yielded more computationally efficient subgrid representation compared to SGC1 and SGC2, particularly at coarser model resolutions and moderate computational intensity (NLRU = 18). It also explained the most PFTs and elevation variability that is more homogeneously distributed spatially. The SGC method will be implemented in CLM over the NA continent to assess its impacts on simulating land surface processes.
Post-processing rainfall forecasts from numerical weather prediction models for short-term streamflow forecasting
Authors: Robertson D. E. , Shrestha D. L. , Wang Q. J.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. Sub-daily ensemble rainfall forecasts that are bias free and reliably quantify forecast uncertainty are critical for flood and short-term ensemble streamflow forecasting. Post-processing of rainfall predictions from numerical weather prediction models is typically required to provide rainfall forecasts with these properties. In this paper, a new approach to generate ensemble rainfall forecasts by post-processing raw numerical weather prediction (NWP) rainfall predictions is introduced. The approach uses a simplified version of the Bayesian joint probability modelling approach to produce forecast probability distributions for individual locations and forecast lead times. Ensemble forecasts with appropriate spatial and temporal correlations are then generated by linking samples from the forecast probability distributions using the Schaake shuffle. The new approach is evaluated by applying it to post-process predictions from the ACCESS-R numerical weather prediction model at rain gauge locations in the Ovens catchment in southern Australia. The joint distribution of NWP predicted and observed rainfall is shown to be well described by the assumed log-sinh transformed bivariate normal distribution. Ensemble forecasts produced using the approach are shown to be more skilful than the raw NWP predictions both for individual forecast lead times and for cumulative totals throughout all forecast lead times. Skill increases result from the correction of not only the mean bias, but also biases conditional on the magnitude of the NWP rainfall prediction. The post-processed forecast ensembles are demonstrated to successfully discriminate between events and non-events for both small and large rainfall occurrences, and reliably quantify the forecast uncertainty. Future work will assess the efficacy of the post-processing method for a wider range of climatic conditions and also investigate the benefits of using post-processed rainfall forecasts for flood and short-term streamflow forecasting.
Toward a possible next geomagnetic transition?
Authors: De Santis A. , Qamili E. , Wu L.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. The geomagnetic field is subject to possible reversals or excursions of polarity during its temporal evolution. Considering that: (a) the typical average time between one reversal and the next (the so-called chron) is around 300 000 yr, (b) the last reversal occurred around 780 000 yr ago, (c) more excursions (rapid changes of polarity) can occur within the same chron and (d) the geomagnetic field dipole is currently decreasing, a possible imminent geomagnetic reversal or excursion would not be completely unexpected. In that case, such a phenomenon would represent one of the very few natural hazards which are really global. The South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) is a great depression of the geomagnetic field at the Earth's surface, caused by a reverse magnetic flux in the terrestrial outer core. In analogy with critical point phenomena characterised by some cumulative quantity, we fit the surface extent of this anomaly over the last 400 yr with power or logarithmic functions in reverse time, also decorated by log-periodic oscillations, whose final singularity (a critical point tc) reveals a great change in the near future (2034 ± 3 yr), when the SAA area reaches almost a hemisphere. An interesting aspect that has been recently found is the possible direct connection between the SAA and the global mean sea level (GSL). That the GSL is somehow connected with SAA is also confirmed from the similar result when an analogous critical-like fit is performed over GSL: the corresponding critical point (2033 ± 11 yr) agrees, within the estimated errors, with the value found for SAA. From this result, we point out the intriguing conjecture that tc would be the time of no return, after which the geomagnetic field could fall into an irreversible process of a global geomagnetic transition that could be a reversal or excursion of polarity.
Rainfall thresholds for shallow landslides occurrence in Calabria, southern Italy
Authors: Vennari C. , Gariano S. L. , Antronico L. , Brunetti M. T. , Iovine G. , Peruccacci S. , Terranova O. , Guzzetti F.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. In many areas, rainfall is the primary trigger of landslides. Determining the rainfall conditions responsible for landslide occurrence is important, and may contribute to save lives and properties. In a long-term national project for the definition of rainfall thresholds for possible landslide occurrence in Italy, and for the implementation of a national landslide warning system, we compiled a catalogue of 186 rainfall events that have resulted in 251 shallow landslides in Calabria, southern Italy, from January 1996 to September 2011. Landslides were located geographically using Google Earth®, and were given a mapping and a temporal accuracy. We used the landslide information, and sub-hourly rainfall measurements obtained from two complementary networks of rain gauges, to determine cumulated event vs. rainfall duration (ED) thresholds for Calabria. For the purpose, we adopted an existing method used to prepare rainfall thresholds and to estimate their associated uncertainties in central Italy. The regional thresholds for Calabria were found nearly identical to previous ED thresholds for Calabria obtained using a reduced set of landslide information, and slightly higher than the ED thresholds obtained for central Italy. We segmented the regional catalogue of rainfall events with landslides on lithology, soil regions, rainfall zones, and seasonal periods. The number of events in each subdivision was insufficient to determine reliable thresholds, but allowed for preliminary conclusions on the role of the environmental factors on the rainfall conditions responsible for shallow landslides in Calabria. We further segmented the regional catalogue based on administrative subdivisions used for hydro-meteorological monitoring and operational flood forecasting, and we determined separate ED thresholds for the Tyrrhenian and the Ionian coasts of Calabria. We expect the ED rainfall thresholds for Calabria to be used in regional and national landslide warning systems. The thresholds can also be used for landslide hazard and risk assessments, and for erosion and landscape evolution studies, in the study area and in similar physiographic regions in the Mediterranean area.
Humoral Immune Response against Tumoral Mucin 1 (MUC1) in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Isla Larrain Marina T. , Colussi Andrea G. , Demichelis Sandra O. , Barbera Alberto , Cretón Aldo , Segal-Eiras Amada , Croce María V.
Published: September 2013

The aim of this study was to elucidate whether the IgG humoral immune response to breast cancer cells is directed to the aberrant mucin-1 (MUC1) associated to this type of cancer. To this aim, an adaptation of immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on samples of 45 breast cancer tissues, 12 benign disease tissues, and 31 normal tissues, incubated with matched serum samples from the same patients. Each serum sample was also incubated, with a modified immunocytochemistry (ICC), with MCF7 cells. In both techniques, serum was employed instead of the primary antibody. In the case of IHC, the reactivity with sera diminished when added after previous incubation of the tumor/tissue with an anti-MUC1 mAb; the reduction in reactivity was: from 93% to 44% in breast cancer tissues, and from 100% to 67% in benign disease tissues. The reactivity of normal samples (36%) remained unchanged. In the case of ICC, the reactivity with sera decreased after incubation with anti-MUC1 mAb from 71% to 16% in breast cancer tissues, from 83% to 0% in benign disease tissues, and from 52% to 10% in normal serum samples. These results were confirmed employing siRNA MUC1 transient gene knockdown. By Western blot analysis – after immunoprecipitation (IP) of the circulating MUC1– and ELISA, the TF antigen was detected in circulating MUC1 in all breast cancer and benign samples while Tn was detected in 38% of the samples.

The existence of IgG autoantibodies against aberrantly glycosylated MUC1 may have a protective role and may contribute to a better prognosis in some patients. Enhancement of this natural immune response may constitute an alternative therapeutic strategy.
Biologic Impact and Clinical Implication of mTOR Inhibition in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Westin Gustavo F. , Perez Cesar A. , Wang Emilie , Glück Stefan
Published: September 2013

The goal of therapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is prolonging life and palliation of symptoms. Thus the preferred approach remains to use, at least initially, non-cytotoxic drugs. In hormone receptor-positive breast cancer the sequential use of single anti-estrogen drugs, e.g. tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, and many others is standard, but eventually drug resistance will lead to failure of these compounds and a switch to chemotherapy will be necessary. Reversing resistance to anti-estrogen therapy in MBC is one of the strategies to avoid and delay the use of cytotoxic compounds. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been recently associated with in vitro reversal of drug resistance, including tamoxifen resistance. A number of early clinical studies have confirmed the concept and, more recently, everolimus was successfully tested in a randomized controlled trial in postmenopausal patients who progressed on previous anti-estrogen therapy for MBC. This manuscript will review the biology, preclinical and clinical data including the randomized controlled trial that lead to the approval of everolimus by the US FDA.
Platelet function testing to time surgery in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy?
Authors: Raggam R. , Toller W. , Mahla E.
Published: September 2013

In patients pretreated with P2Y12 receptor inhibitors who need to undergo non-emergent cardiac or major non-cardiac surgery, current guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology recommend postponing surgery for at least five days after last intake of clopidogrel or ticagrelor, and for seven days after last intake of prasugrel, unless there is high risk of ischemic events. However, a fixed five to seven days preoperative waiting period may be challenged, in the presence of inter-individual variability in on-treatment platelet reactivity. Therefore, Society of Thoracic Surgeons guidelines suggest to base decisions about a surgical delay on platelet function although both, the optimal platelet function assay and a bleeding cutoff have not yet been defined by large scale multicenter trials. This review aims to provide an overview on current knowledge of P2Y12 receptor induced platelet inhibition and surgery related bleeding and the potential role of platelet function analysis to time surgery.
Combining Activity DSM with Temporal Logic for Collaborative Planning and Scheduling
Authors: Baudin Mathieu , Bonnal Pierre , Ruiz Jean-Michel
Published: September 2013

This work presents an approach that implements enhanced scheduling algorithms to plan and schedule interventions in scientific facilities emitting various types of ionizing radiation such as the ones present at CERN in Geneva, (Switzerland) or at GSI in Darmstadt (Germany). To deal with the collaborative process of activity creation and submission used in those organizations, we propose a framework to set the appropriate sequence or skeleton for the activities. This framework combines Allen's Interval Algebra and DSM (Design Structure Matrix). It enables the sequence of activities to be automatically computed while gathering and taking into account the needs of users and testing their compatibility. It also deals with technical-type or resource-type constraints between activities as well as incompatible submissions. The work described in this paper includes details of the collaborative submission process and introduces suggestions for compromising as well as temporal calculations with the introduction of parameterized DSMs rather than binary ones.
A Stochastic Model of Corporate Lifespan Based on Corporate Credit Ratings
Authors: Machek Ondrej , Hnilica Jiri
Published: September 2013

Credit rating agencies and corporate lifecycles have been a subject of interest for practitioners and academics during the recent period of worldwide economic and debt crises. In this article, we examine what corporate lifespan the credit rating agencies predict. We employ the reliability theory commonly used in engineering and solve a Markov model based on the credit rating transition matrices issued by the Standard & Poor's rating agency. The results show that every company will eventually default in the long-term. However, the mean time to default differs according to the initial conditions of the model, which are represented by the initial credit rating. We considered a company as having initial speculative grades of B and CCC/C and calculated the mean time to default and the time after which the business can be considered safe, with a probability of only 50%. We also determined the probabilities of the individual rating grades. We suggest assessing corporate business cycles in probabilistic terms, taking into account all possible states and initial conditions.
Quality Management in the Design of TLC Call Centres
Authors: Colladon Andrea Fronzetti , Naldi Maurizio , Schiraldi Massimiliano M.
Published: September 2013

Call centres rely heavily on the self-service paradigm through the use of an automated IVR (Interactive Voice Response) system. The service time delivered by the IVR is a major component of the overall QoS (Quality of Service) delivered by the call centre. We analyse the structure and service times of IVR systems through a case study of five call centres in the telecommunications sector. The service trees of the call centres under survey are reconstructed by complete exploration and analysed through a set of metrics. The present design of service trees leads to service times typically larger than those spent waiting for a human agent and to excessively long announcements, with a negative impact on the overall QoS. Imbalances in the popularity of the services offered by the IVR can be exploited to reduce remarkably the average service time, by properly matching the most popular services with the shortest service times.
Mathematical Lens: Up on the Roof
Authors: Metz James
Published: September 2013

Students analyze a photograph to solve mathematical questions related to the images captured in the photograph. This month, photographs of ceiling trusses provide a setting for a geometry discussion.
Spaghetti Sine Curves: Virtual Environments for Reasoning and Sense Making
Authors: Özgün-Koca S. Asli , Todd Edwards Michael , Meagher Michael
Published: September 2013

The Spaghetti Sine Curves activity, which uses GeoGebra applets to enhance student learning, illustrates how technology supports effective use of physical materials.
Open-ended Questions and the Process Standards
Authors: Sanchez Wendy B.
Published: September 2013

Educating students—for life, not for tests—implies incorporating open-ended questions in your teaching to develop higher-order thinking.
Présentation
Authors: Fabre Gérard
Published: September 2013

Discours sur l’autre et discours sur soi-même, l’écriture du voyage secrète, en cela même, une multitude de tensions. L’exemple de la confrontation des Européens au Québec ne dément pas ce constat d’ordre général. D’une part, ces visiteurs projettent leurs propres références sur un monde social qui leur est à la fois proche et lointain ; d’autre part, ils sont amenés à reconsidérer certaines d’entre elles, au point d’en être parfois ébranlés. Si ce « comparatisme de voyage » fait appel à l’observation directe, il se nourrit également de l’expérience accumulée précédemment par les voyageurs, ainsi que de leurs lectures sur les populations et les lieux visités. Les écrits de voyage procèdent ainsi d’une exploration à la fois ethnographique et intertextuelle. Ce corpus de connaissances sociographiques revêt indéniablement un caractère spécifique, qu’il est possible de confronter aux autres types de discours tenus sur cette société. Après un rappel des jalons historiques majeurs du voyage transatlantique, ce texte introductif aborde et articule les questions suivantes : la catégorisation des écrits de voyage ; la place occupée en ce domaine par les sciences humaines et sociales, et plus particulièrement la sociologie ; l’intérêt d’une approche typologique ; les apports et les limites du comparatisme de voyage. Il se termine par une présentation des quatre articles composant le dossier.
Les épigones d'Ulysse
Authors: Bureau Luc
Published: September 2013

Il est ici question de l’identité d’un peuple, d’un pays peut-être. En tant que
mythe, ces choses-là n’existent que par la parole : la parole du Nous et la parole de
l’Autre. C’est précisément à un petit exercice sur la parole de l’Autre que nous nous
livrons dans ce texte. Quelle parole les voyageurs étrangers font-ils entendre, à travers le
temps, sur le Québec et les Québécois ? Par l’écart culturel qu’ils entretiennent avec le
pays, ces étrangers peuvent être des observateurs plus perspicaces que nous le sommes de nos
moeurs et paysages.
The Gulf of California is a source of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere
Authors: Rodríguez-Ibáñez Claudia , Álvarez-Borrego Saúl , Marinone SG , Lara-Lara José Rubén
Published: September 2013

Water exchange between the Gulf of California and the Pacific Ocean has a significant vertical component (VCWE). Surface (0–200 m) gulf water flows out into the Pacific Ocean and deep (200–600 m) water flows into the gulf. This is a mechanism that allows for the net input to the gulf of dissolved constituents whose concentrations increase with depth, including dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). Two scenarios were used to estimate the net input of DIC from the Pacific into the gulf (DICNET INPUT) and to compare this net input with new phytoplankton production in the whole gulf (PNEW) in order to infer if the gulf is a sink or source of CO2. The average annual values of VCWE were 0.67 ± 0.10 Sv in the first scenario and 0.23 ± 0.02 Sv in the second scenario (1 Sv = 106 m3 s–1). After comparing DICNET INPUT with PNEW the result is that the gulf is a source of CO2 to the atmosphere in both scenarios, with an annual average out-gassing of (18.16 ± 6.14) × 1012 and (7.66 ± 2.65) × 1012 grams of carbon in the form of CO2 in the first and second scenarios, respectively. These values are equivalent to an average of 123.5 ± 41.8 and 52.1 ± 18.0 g m–2 yr–1, respectively. The value for the first scenario is higher than the highest value for the eastern equatorial Pacific as reported in the literature (~108 g m–2 yr–1), which leads us to conclude that the value for the second scenario is closer to reality. Key words: Gulf of California, water exchange with the Pacific, new phytoplankton production, CO2 flux from the gulf to the atmosphere.
Patientenzentrierung im Rahmen neuer Versorgungsmodelle und Wettbewerb – verträgt sich das?
Authors: Stock Stephanie , Altin Sibel , Redaelli Marcus
Published: September 2013

Einleitung

Neue Vertragsformen sollten das kollektivvertragliche System um eine Wettbewerbskomponente ergänzen und durch eine konsequente Ausrichtung der Versorgung an den Bedürfnissen der Patienten einen Wettbewerb um die beste Versorgungsform fördern. Als Grundlage für eine patientenzentrierte Versorgung wurden geeignete Methoden zur Bewertung des Patientennutzens, sektorenübergreifende Qualitätsstandards, eine verstärkte Berücksichtigung von Service- und Dienstleistungsaspekten, geeignete Evaluationsmethoden sowie Transparenz der Versorgungsqualität gefordert, die jedoch nicht flächendeckend umgesetzt wurden. Dabei scheint das Ziel der Patientenzentrierung nicht primär die Ausrichtung der Versorgung an den Bedürfnissen der Patienten zu sein, sondern vielmehr die Verhinderung unerwünschter Wirkungen des Marktes.
Further Clinical Evidence for the Existence of Neurotoxicity in a Population of the European Adder (Vipera berus berus) in Eastern Hungary: Second Authenticated Case
Authors: Malina Tamás , Babocsay Gergely , Krecsák László , Erdész Csaba
Published: September 2013

We report a recent case of common adder ( Vipera berus) envenoming causing paralytic signs and symptoms. A 12-year-old girl was bitten by the nominate subspecies of the common adder ( V. berus berus) in eastern Hungary on May 2, 2012, 22 km away from where the first neurotoxic V. berus berus envenoming was reported in 2008. The patient developed unambiguous cranial nerve disturbances, manifested in bilateral impairment characterized by oculomotor paralysis with partial ptosis, gaze paresis, and diplopia. Drowsiness and photophobia were her additional symptoms; both occurred only during the first day of envenoming. Until now among viper envenomings in Europe, photophobia has only been documented by victims of Vipera aspis. Supportive and symptomatic treatments were administered during 3 days of hospitalization. Although case reports of V. berus berus envenomings are often published, clinical experience with neurotoxicity by this subspecies still remains rare. Population-based and geographic variation of venom composition in V. berus berus seems to include neurotoxic envenomings in certain populations. This second authenticated case provides new clinical evidence for the existence of a possible neurotoxic V. berus berus population in a restricted geographical area in eastern Hungary.
Methodological Issues in Longitudinal Research on Cognitive Recovery after Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence from a Systematic Review
Authors: Schultz Regina , Tate Robyn L.
Published: September 2013

Background: Previous research addressing cognitive recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adults has predominately used cross-sectional methods. This systematic review examines longitudinal research into cognitive recovery in the first 2 years following moderate-to-severe TBI in adults and aims to identify apparent methodological issues with the existing literature.

Design: Systematic review of the first 2 years post-trauma.

Setting: Data were extracted from three electronic databases and manual searches of published articles until October 2012.

Participants: Two hundred and forty-two participants with severe TBI and 281 comparison participants were used to calculate effect sizes.

Results: Twenty papers met the selection criteria, with effect sizes computed from four studies. Moderate-to-large effect sizes were initially observed between the TBI and comparison groups on most measures (range: d = 0.2–2.8). Recovery continued in all five cognitive domains over the 2 years post-injury.

Conclusions: Results demonstrated that cognitive recovery was continuous throughout the first 2 years following moderate-to-severe TBI. Findings also indicated different rates of recovery for the specific cognitive domains, highlighting the heterogeneous nature of cognitive recovery after TBI. The review highlighted several methodological issues within the limited existing literature; recommendations were developed to improve the evidence base.
Weak limits of powers of Chacon’s automorphism
Authors: JANVRESSE É. , PRIKHOD’KO A. A. , DE LA RUE T. , RYZHIKOV V. V.
Published: September 2013

We completely describe the weak closure of the powers of the Koopman operator associated with Chacon’s classical automorphism. We show that weak limits of these powers are the ortho-projector to constants and an explicit family of polynomials. As a consequence, we answer negatively the question of$\alpha $-weak mixing for Chacon’s automorphism.
Tradition and innovation in pottery forming technology: wheel-throwing at Middle Minoan Knossos
Authors: Knappett Carl
Published: September 2013

This paper examines ceramic evidence from Middle Minoan Knossos in an attempt to chart the introduction and development of wheel-throwing technology in Minoan pottery. The technique of wheel-throwing comes into its own in Middle Minoan I B, coeval with the construction of the first palaces and a number of other major changes. Although there are some indications that there could have been some degree of internal evolution towards this point, it also appears that outside contacts with the Near East may have contributed to the innovation process. The main aim is to elucidate the dynamics of choice that led to the adoption and subsequent development of the wheel-throwing innovation. Whilst the use of the wheel is generally considered as a technical development, it is argued here that, in the initial stages, its adoption by certain Minoan potters was as much influenced by socio-political as by technical factors.
The Neolithic and Mesolithic occupation of the cave of Cyclope, Youra, Alonnessos, Greece
Authors: Sampson Adamantios
Published: September 2013

The cave of Cyclope is situated on the SW side of the island of Youra, 16 miles from Alonnessos. Systematic research in the cave lasted from 1992 to 1996. The upper layers, which date to the Roman period, contained mainly lamps. In the centre of the cave a Middle Neolithic stratum yielded a mass of pottery of exceptional red-on-white decoration. In cutting C, near the entrance, the upper layers belonged to Late Neolithic I (5th millennium BC) and were underlain by a thin Early and Middle Neolithic layer. Most of the deposits were Mesolithic. These layers consisted of faunal remains and thick-packed living floors in which there were ash hearths and scattered charcoal. Radiocarbon dates from these strata ranged from c. 6800 to 8500 BC. The quantity of fish bones and shells was immense in the Mesolithic levels, suggesting, in association with the variety of bone hooks, high dependance on sea resources. The presence of Mesolithic habitation on a small island in the northern Aegean demonstrates that the cave of Cyclope is the earliest site in the Aegean Sea.
Some Mycenaean tombs at Palaiokastro, Arcadia
Authors: Demakopoulou K. , Crouwel J. H.
Published: September 2013

This paper presents the results of brief investigations, carried out by C. Christou in 1957, in a Mycenaean cemetery at Palaiokastro in NW Arcadia. The pottery and bronzes collected from the chamber tombs mostly date to LH IIIC, a period hitherto scarcely documented in this part of Greece. The finds, which include some remarkable pots, a type II bronze sword and other weaponry, reveal links with other parts of mainland Greece and beyond.
Neutron activation analysis of pottery from the Early Orientalizing kiln at Knossos
Authors: Tomlinson Jonathan E. , Kilikoglou Vassilis
Published: September 2013

Seventeen pottery sherds from the seventh century BC pottery kiln uncovered at Knossos in 1993 were analysed by neutron activation at N.C.S.R. Demokritos. Fifteen of the seventeen sherds form an extremely homogeneous chemical group whose composition parallels Late Minoan I and Classical/Hellenistic pottery from Knossos. The two chemically different samples are also physically different, being much coarser and more severely burned.
Lysimachos and Gazaios of Oloosson
Authors: Sekunda N. V.
Published: September 2013

An aristocratic individual called Lysimachos son of Gazaios is recorded in inscriptions from the city of Oloosson in Perrhaiban Thessaly dating to the 20s BC. The personal name Gazaios, derived from the ethnic of the Palestinian city of Gaza, is extremely rare and cannot be explained in any conventional way. The author suggests that this individual's grandfather or greatgrandfather may have served as a mercenary officer in Gaza between 102 and 96 BC, when one Lysimachos of Gaza seized power with the aid of mercenaries. He may have subsequently named his sons after Lysimachos and the city of Gaza.
Field survey at Louloudies: a new late Roman fortification in Pieria
Authors: Poulter A. G.
Published: September 2013

A programme, combining a physical survey, intensive pick-up and geophysics, was carried out over 17 ha around the site of a small late Roman fortification, some 6 km south of ancient Pydna. Although the area is intensively farmed, the pick-up survey proved remarkably successful. Hellenistic occupation was identified and a restricted Roman settlement around the site of the quadriburgium. Surprisingly, a new and large late Roman fortification (c. 3–4 ha), equipped with towers, with a densely occupied interior and ‘extramural’ buildings was also found. The north-eastern curtain was discovered by resistivity surveying, the line of the north-western and south-western sides by intensive survey. Pottery and brick monograms from the new site suggests that it dates to the second half of the sixth or possibly early seventh century. It is argued that the quadriburgium may be the site of ancient Anamon, a station on the coastal road from Thessaloniki to Dion. The newly discovered site, clearly of considerable importance, lay on the north bank of the river Sourvala and probably had direct access to the sea, importing both local pottery and amphorae from the eastern Aegean. Its role may have been to protect the fertile coastline of the Pieria and to provide a secure base for the export of agricultural products to the beleaguered cities and settlements around the Thermaic Gulf.
Pendent Semicircles at Veii: a Glimpse
Authors: Ridgway D. , Dickinson O. T. P. K.
Published: September 2013

The persistent absence of pendent concentric semicircles in the West is commonly regarded as surprising. MG skyphoi with this motif are among the earliest Greek types at Al Mina, and Boardman has suggested that ‘Euboean workshops may have stopped making them by the time Pithekoussai was founded’, though he later qualified this: ‘I think all it demonstrates is how very little we still know about early colonisation or precolonial days in Italy.’ The earliest imported type in Italy—all that is left of Blakeway's pre-colonial period of ‘trade before the flag’—is normally taken to be the Atticizing Euboeo-Cycladic MG II chevron skyphos, or ‘Cycladic cup’, long known from pre-Hellenic Cumae and joined recently by many examples from other native Iron Age cemeteries at Capua and Pontecagnano in Campania and at Veii in southern Etruria. In its turn, the chevron skyphos is so far absent from the oldest Western Greek colony, Pithekoussai, where the extensively imitated Corinthian LG ‘Aetos 666’ kotyle currently begins the sequence in the Valle San Montano cemetery, the Scarico Gosetti, and the Mazzola metal-working site.
ICP-AES analysis of some Mycenaean vases from the cemetery at Pylona, Rhodes
Authors: Karantzali Efi , Ponting Matthew J.
Published: September 2013

This paper presents the results of the chemical analyses by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) of a selection of vases from the recent excavations of Mycenaean tombs at Pylona, Rhodes. The data are used to support and confirm the stylistic attributions of the vases as either local Rhodian products or mainland imports. It is suggested that the majority of the imports are from the Argolid, but that at least one other origin is likely as well. Two distinct compositional groups of ‘local’ pottery are also identified. Comparison is made with the data from the analyses of pottery from Ialysos and the veracity of the conclusions drawn from the earlier optical emission data is confirmed.
A Prehistoric Figurine from Mycenae
Authors: Diamant S.
Published: September 2013

The following article by Mr. Steven Diamant of the American School of Classical Studies concerns a stone figurine that came to light in 1962 in the House with the Idols or, as the site was called in 1962, the Citadel House. Mr. Diamant did not take part in the 1962 excavations, so some mention of the context of the find is necessary.
Some Unpublished Boiotian Tombstones
Authors: Fossey John M.
Published: September 2013

The following is a collection of twenty-two epitaphs observed by me during travels in Boiotia between 1965 and 1970. They represent mainly central Boiotia and the Copaïs; the eastern plains have been less productive. The texts are presented in catalogue form following the same geographic sequence as IG vii. The main interest of these brief texts is, of course, prosopographic, and short comments on the names are added as relevant. All dimensions of stones are given in metres, and of letters in centimetres.

The publication of such a group of humble epitaphs needs no excuse: the very perishability of these stones makes it the incumbent duty of the field-worker to preserve, however imperfectly, the record of all such material as he observes. In 1965 men were at work with sledge-hammers breaking up ancient worked blocks in heaps at Erimókastro, heaps such as those which contained nos. 1 and 2.
The Physical Environment
Authors: Doe A. R. , Holmes D. C.
Published: September 2013

The valley is 12 km in length and is divided by a watershed at 550 m. from basins draining northwards to the Mesara Plain. The study area forms the southernmost part of the catchment, draining south, by the A. Kyriaki River, to the Libyan Sea. The river and several of its tributaries are ephemeral (Fig. 2).

It is evident that the geology of the area dictates the shape of the land, and in the past, as now, controlled the quantity of flat land available for settlement and cultivation.
Knossos: Two Deposits of orientalizing Pottery
Authors: Coldstream J. N. , Sackett L. H.
Published: September 2013

In spite of recent excavations within the town, the pottery of early Hellenic Knossos is still better known from the offerings in tombs. Consequently, any domestic deposit containing a wide range of whole profiles will add considerably to our understanding of the pottery in daily use.

Two such deposits are presented here, affording a view of the Knossian sequence at the beginning and at the end of the seventh century B.C. The first is a chance find from a small rescue excavation; the second comes from a well, dug through the debris of the Minoan ‘Unexplored Mansion’, but unassociated with any architectural remains on that site.
A Late Minoan Tomb on Lower Gypsadhes
Authors: Popham Mervyn
Published: September 2013

At the request of the Ephorate, a suspected tomb on Gypsadhes was investigated in September 1979 by the author. Deep ploughing had broken through what appeared to be the roof of a chamber tomb. While other cemeteries are known on Gypsadhes hill, no tomb had so far been recorded in this particular location.

The field in question is located immediately south of Knossos village: a slight depression, or gully, on the north slope, it lies some 150m west of the dirt track which gives access to the hill, Fig. 1. In the higher, NE corner of this field, cross-hatched on the sketch plan at Fig. 2, the kouskouras had been cut into by the plough, and it was here that the LM III tomb (for such it turned out to be) was located.
Some Knossian Coins of Augustus
Authors: Ashton R. H. J.
Published: September 2013

The following rare issue of bronze coins has been ignored or misattributed by previous writers:

Obverse: bare head of Augustus r.; behind head, AVGVS; border of dots.

Reverse: within an olive wreath, or .

The details of only five specimens, from one obverse die and two reverse dies, are available to me.

The only extended discussion of this issue is in Grant, FITA 276–7, which was based solely on the Gotha coin and on a coin in the British Museum. The latter was not illustrated, but was most likely coin 2c, the Seager coin, which was an accession in 1926: 2b was an accession in 1948, two years after the publication of FITA, and nine years after the completion of its manuscript. Grant read the reverse legend of the Gotha coin as , noting that on the British Museum specimen the VE was not ligatured. But Grant's photograph of the Gotha coin, which is the only available record, yields under close examination no certain reading for the final letter of the third line: it could be D, O, or Q. There are, moreover, traces of only one letter on the fourth line, and again it is uncertain whether this is D, O, or Q (it looks in fact more like D than anything else).
Towards Understanding Greek Temple Design: General Considerations
Authors: Coulton J. J.
Published: September 2013

In a recent paper on stylobate design in Doric temples I stated, with the minimum of evidence, certain working hypotheses on some of the factors restricting ancient Greek architectural design procedures. The present paper is, in part, an attempt to examine more closely the evidence for those hypotheses, but it also has a wider aim; it tries to thin out the almost numberless possible theories concerning the way in which Greek temples were planned, by looking at some of the technical restrictions felt by ancient architects, by stating and examining the consequences of certain hypotheses which seem to be widely, if tacitly, accepted by students of Greek architecture, and by suggesting how many of the propositions put forward by modern investigators may be tested, more or less rigorously perhaps, but nevertheless objectively.
Early Minoan Jewellery from Mochlos
Authors: Davaras Costis
Published: September 2013

The Finds

In 1971 the Archaeological Service of Eastern Crete undertook an extensive programme of cleaning and consolidation (plates 15, a, 16, a) in the important Early Minoan cemetery on the island of Mochlos, which had been excavated by Richard Seager at the beginning of the century and had been abandoned since, becoming overgrown and partly or completely re-buried. During the course of this work several pieces of Early Minoan gold jewellery and a number of seals were recovered from the earth spoil of the tombs, or from incompletely excavated areas inside the tombs. The new finds, which considerably enrich the material from Mochlos, are now exhibited in the Hagios Nikolaos Museum.
A Transfer from Eleusis
Authors: Lewis D. M. , Woodward A. M. , Wycherley R. E.
Published: September 2013

Woodward did a great deal more work on fourth-century Attic treasure-inventories than he ever published, and I still hope to pull some of the notes together. One substantial piece exists in near-publishable shape, and I submit it more readily because it deals with a small fragment recently published by Stroud. I have allowed myself some interventions in the knowledge that Woodward had approved the first in principle and was not opposed to the third.
Lekanai in Laon and Tübingen
Authors: Ure A. D.
Published: September 2013

In Volume lxxx of the Journal of Hellenic Studies I published a first attempt at distinguishing black-figured lekanai made in Euboea. There eight vases of this shape were discussed and brought into relation with the little that was known of Eretrian and other Euboean sixth-century vase-painting. Since then a lekane in Reading has been attributed to Eretria. I now offer five more for consideration, together with two vases of other shapes which go with them.

In the Musée Archéologique at Laon there is a lekane decorated on the outside with a band of palmettes and lotus flowers in unincised black-figure, standing on interlacing stalks (Plate 28, a). Inside in the tondo there is a scene in incised black-figure showing a youth about to catch a young hare that is cowering on the ground (Plate 28, b).
The Pottery and Architecture of the EM IIA West Court House at Knossos
Authors: Wilson David E.
Published: September 2013

In a series of soundings made in the West Court of the palace at Knossos by John D. Evans in 1969, three basement rooms of an EM IIA building were uncovered almost directly beneath the pavement of the West Court. A rich and homogeneous deposit of pottery came from these rooms, associated yard levels to the west, and fill above. Certain features, such as the pattern-burnished stemmed goblets, put the West Court House pottery at the very beginning of the EM II sequence at Knossos. A discussion of the stratification and architecture of the West Court House is followed by a representative selection of the pottery. The West Court House not only adds to our knowledge of the EM IIA settlement at Knossos, but also provides new evidence for contacts with the rest of Crete and the Aegean.
Unpublished Paintings from the ‘House of the Frescoes’ at Knossos
Authors: Cameron M. A. S.
Published: September 2013

The excavation of the ‘House of the Frescoes’, discovered in 1923 by Sir Arthur Evans to the north-west of the Palace at Knossos, revealed a large deposit of fresco fragments from floral and faunal compositions in Room E on the ground floor. From the broken pieces Evans's Swiss draughtsman, E. Gilliéron fils, was able to reconstruct three ‘panels’: these show a blue monkey on a red backgroundin a rocky and floral setting (PM II, pl. x, opp. p. 447; here called ‘panel A’); a blue monkey on an unpainted white ground in a papyrus thicket (ibid. 451, fig. 264, here ‘panel B’); and a blue bird perched on a rocky outcrop surrounded by wild flowers (ibid., pl. xi, opp. p. 454, here ‘panel C’). Evans thought panels A and B in particular contained Nilotic elements, and he suggested that the monkeys might have been depicted as hunting for birds' eggs, possibly of waterfowl. In addition, Evans published designs for the restoration of pancratium lily, myrtle and ‘jet d'eau’ compositions, and illustrations of fragments showing the head of a third monkey and part of a second ‘jet d'eau’.

The ‘House of the Frescoes’ was constructed after the earthquake at the end of M.M. IIIB and was destroyed in L.M. IA, as shown by pottery of that period on the floors of the house. The paintings therefore belonged to a single period of occupation, and evidently formed in some way a unified system of decoration ‘in the same style, by the same hands and executed at the same time’.