bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brainstem anatomy with 7-T MRI: in vivo assessment and ex vivo comparison
Authors: Donatelli Graziella , Emmi Aron , Costagli Mauro , Cecchi Paolo , Macchi Veronica , Biagi Laura , Lancione Marta , Tosetti Michela , Porzionato Andrea , De Caro Raffaele , Cosottini Mirco
Published: November 2023

Background

The brainstem contains grey matter nuclei and white matter tracts to be identified in clinical practice. The small size and the low contrast among them make their in vivo visualisation challenging using conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences at high magnetic field strengths. Combining higher spatial resolution, signal- and contrast-to-noise ratio and sensitivity to magnetic susceptibility (χ), susceptibility-weighted 7-T imaging could improve the assessment of brainstem anatomy.

Methods

We acquired high-resolution 7-T MRI of the brainstem in a 46-year-old female healthy volunteer (using a three-dimensional multi-echo gradient-recalled-echo sequence; spatial resolution 0.3 × 0.3 × 1.2 mm3) and in a brainstem sample from a 48-year-old female body donor that was sectioned and stained. Images were visually assessed; nuclei and tracts were labelled and named according to the official nomenclature.

Results

This in vivo imaging revealed structures usually evaluated through light microscopy, such as the accessory olivary nuclei, oculomotor nucleus and the medial longitudinal fasciculus. Some fibre tracts, such as the medial lemniscus, were visible for most of their course. Overall, in in vivo acquisitions, χ and frequency maps performed better than T2*-weighted imaging and allowed for the evaluation of a greater number of anatomical structures. All the structures identified in vivo were confirmed by the ex vivo imaging and histology.

Conclusions

The use of multi-echo GRE sequences at 7 T allowed the visualisation of brainstem structures that are not visible in detail at conventional magnetic field and opens new perspectives in the diagnostic and therapeutical approach to brain disorders.

Relevance statement

In vivo MR imaging at UHF provides detailed anatomy of CNS substructures comparable to that obtained with histology. Anatomical details are fundamentals for diagnostic purposes but also to plan a direct targeting for a minimally invasive brain stimulation or ablation.

Key points

• The in vivo brainstem anatomy was explored with ultrahigh field MRI (7 T).

• In vivo T2*-weighted magnitude, χ, and frequency images revealed many brainstem structures.

• Ex vivo imaging and histology confirmed all the structures identified in vivo.

• χ and frequency imaging revealed more brainstem structures than magnitude imaging.

Graphical Abstract
Clinical profile of paediatric spinal cord damage in a developing country’s rural-area tertiary hospital neurosurgery
Authors: Oyemolade Toyin Ayofe , Adeleye Amos Olufemi , Ekanem Inwonoabasi Nicholas
Published: November 2023

Background

Spinal cord damage (SCD) is rare in children, hence the paucity of literature on the subject, particularly in developing countries. This study aims to define the clinical epidemiology of paediatric SCD in a Nigerian tertiary health facility.

Methods

A retrospective review of a 42-month long prospectively collected clinical data on paediatric SCD in a rural neurosurgery unit.

Results

There were 37 children (20 males) accounting for about 12% of the paediatric neurosurgical patients we managed during the study period. The mean age was 6.9 years (peak = 0–4 years, 43.2%). Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) was the cause of SCD in 54.1% (20/37) of the cases, spinal bifida in 37.8%, spinal cord tumour in 5.4%, and spinal tuberculosis in 2.7%. The mean age of patients with traumatic SCI was 11.5 years, while the median age for spinal bifida was 3 days. Traumatic SCI was caused by road traffic accident in 70% (14/20), and falls in 25%. The cervical spinal cord was the location of the spinal cord damage in 51.4% of all the cases in this study, lumbosacral in 24.3%, and sacral in 10.8%. Traumatic SCI was predominantly located in the cervical region in (90%, 18/20) while spinal bifida was most commonly lumbosacral (64.3%, 9/14).

Conclusion

Spinal cord damage accounted for more than a tenth (12.1%) of our paediatric neurosurgical workload in this rural neurosurgery, and are mostly due to traumatic SCI and spinal bifida.
i-gel as an interface before intubation to buy safe apnea time in a patient with anticipated difficult airway due to multiple facial fractures
Authors: Sony Sony , Dalai Manasmita , John Boney , Sadhankar Abhilash D.
Published: November 2023

Any traumatic injury to the face can be uniquely challenging to the anesthesiologist. A difficult airway in a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patient, non-consenting for awake intubation can pose quite a conundrum. Our patient had multiple facial fractures with limited mouth opening, making mask ventilation difficult. We found that i-gel® was easy to insert in a lighter plane of anesthesia maintaining spontaneous ventilation, without much manipulation. The benefits were twofold, it confirmed the ability to ventilate and secondly bought us safe apnea time before attempts of intubation were made. Supra-glottic devices are an integral part of difficult airways but i-gel® is uniquely simple and easy to use.
A study of impurity profiling via method development and force degradation in hydrocortisone butyrate at low concentration
Authors: Gunjal Harshwardhan G. , Byahatti Vivek V.
Published: November 2023

Background

Since long, triamcinolone and fluocinolone, fluorinated derivatives, have been used for treating various types of dermatitis. Rosacea and perioral dermatitis are the most common side effects observed with prolonged use of fluorinated derivatives. Recent studies have shown that these adverse effects are more severe at low doses of fluorinated derivatives compared to low doses of non-fluorinated derivatives. Therefore, this study focused on impurity profiling through force degradation studies of hydrocortisone butyrate in a 0.1% lotion.

Results

A precise and robust method with low concentration was established for the estimation of hydrocortisone butyrate in bulk and formulations was done using the RP-HPLC technique. The mobile phase consisted of a combination of acetonitrile and purified water (30:70% v/v) and acetonitrile and purified water (95:5% v/v), with detection at a wavelength of 254 nm and a total run time of 20 min. The method demonstrated linearity and accuracy within the concentration range of 0.1–250 µg/mL and 50–125 µg/mL, respectively, with an r2 value of 0.999. Stress stability studies were conducted on hydrocortisone butyrate, revealing 11% degradation in alkaline conditions and 18% degradation in photolytic conditions.

Conclusion

The established method can be commercially used as it exhibits excellent linearity. Impurities were identified by injecting the reference standard, and their retentions were confirmed. The identified impurities included hydrocortisone, hydrocortisone-21-butyrate, hydrocortisone 3-methyl enol ether 17-butyrate, and hydrocortisone 17, 21-methylorthobutyrate, with retention times of 2.89, 9.14, 13.70, and 16.25 min, respectively. This precise method can be utilized in commercial applications for the accurate identification of hydrocortisone butyrate at low concentrations.
Cancer Care in Afghanistan: Perspectives on Health Services Under the Taliban Regime
Authors: Nasari Alaha , Nasari Amina Surosh , Marzouk Sammer , Dee Edward Christopher , Jahanbeen Faramarz
Published: November 2023

Cancer landscape in Afghanistan continues to suffer under Taliban—global support is essential.
Clinical Validation of Human Papilloma Virus Circulating Tumor DNA for Early Detection of Residual Disease After Chemoradiation in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Han Kathy , Zou Jinfeng , Zhao Zhen , Baskurt Zeynep , Zheng Yangqiao , Barnes Elizabeth , Croke Jennifer , Ferguson Sarah E. , Fyles Anthony , Gien Lilian , Gladwish Adam , Lecavalier-Barsoum Magali , Lheureux Stephanie , Lukovic Jelena , Mackay Helen , Marchand Eve-Lyne , Metser Ur , Milosevic Michael , Taggar Amandeep S. , Bratman Scott V. , Leung Eric
Published: November 2023

PURPOSE

Most cervical cancers are caused by human papilloma virus (HPV), and HPV circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may identify patients at highest risk of relapse. Our pilot study using digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) showed that detectable HPV ctDNA at the end of chemoradiation (CRT) is associated with inferior progression-free survival (PFS) and that a next-generation sequencing approach (HPV-seq) may outperform dPCR. We aimed to prospectively validate HPV ctDNA as a tool for early detection of residual disease.

METHODS

This prospective, multicenter validation study accrued patients with stage IB-IVA cervical cancer treated with CRT between 2017 and 2022. Participants underwent phlebotomy at baseline, end of CRT, 4-6 weeks post-CRT, and 3 months post-CRT for HPV ctDNA levels. Plasma HPV genotype–specific DNA levels were quantified using both dPCR and HPV-seq. The primary end point was 2-year PFS.

RESULTS

With a median follow-up of 2.2 (range, 0.5-5.5) years, there were 24 PFS events among the 70 patients with HPV+ cervical cancer. Patients with detectable HPV ctDNA on dPCR at the end of CRT, 4-6 weeks post-CRT, and 3 months post-CRT had significantly worse 2-year PFS compared with those with undetectable HPV ctDNA (77% v 51%, P = .03; 82% v 15%, P < .001; and 82% v 24%, P < .001, respectively); the median lead time to recurrence was 5.9 months. HPV-seq showed similar results as dPCR. On multivariable analyses, detectable HPV ctDNA on dPCR and HPV-seq remained independently associated with inferior PFS.

CONCLUSION

Persistent HPV ctDNA after CRT is independently associated with inferior PFS. HPV ctDNA testing can identify, as early as at the end of CRT, patients at high risk of recurrence for future treatment intensification trials.
Association Between Homologous Recombination Repair Biomarkers and Survival in Patients With Solid Tumors
Authors: Shao Changxia , Ren Yixin , Zhou Heng , Chen Cai , Dettman Elisha J. , Lee Liam C. , Cristescu Razvan , Gozman Alexander , Jin Fan , Zhou Wei
Published: November 2023

PURPOSE

Mutations in BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 (BRCAm), other homologous recombination repair genes (HRRm), and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) lead to an accumulation of genomic alterations that can drive tumorigenesis. The prognostic impact of these HRR pathway defects on overall survival (OS) in patients not receiving poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) or immunotherapy is unclear. We evaluated the association of HRR biomarkers with OS in patients with advanced solid tumors receiving therapy excluding PARPi and immunotherapy.

METHODS

Deidentified data were collected through December 31, 2020, from a real-world clinicogenomic database (CGDB) with data originating from approximately 280 cancer clinics in the United States. Patients age 18 years and older with an advanced/metastatic diagnosis between 2018 and 2019 for 1 of 15 solid tumors and available data in the CGDB were included. The primary analysis evaluated the association between HRR pathway biomarkers and OS, using start of second-line therapy as the index date (to reduce immortal time bias).

RESULTS

A total of 9,457 patients had available data for BRCA/HRR and 5,792 for HRD status; 4,890 (51.7%) were women and mean (SD) age was 65.9 (11.5) years. For the primary analysis, adjusted hazard ratios for OS were BRCAm (n = 156) versus BRCA wild-type (wt; n = 3,131; 0.83 [95% CI, 0.60 to 1.17]); for HRRm (n = 467) versus HRRwt (n = 282; 0.95 [95% CI, 0.79 to 1.14]); and for HRD-positive (n = 447) versus -negative (n = 1,687; 1.22 [95% CI, 1.02 to 1.47]). Results were similar using start of first-line and start of third-line therapy as index dates.

CONCLUSION

This large, real-world study found no association between OS and either BRCA or HRR status but identified a possible linkage between HRD positivity and shorter median OS in patients with advanced solid tumors who did not receive PARPi or immunotherapy.
Neurodevelopmental Programming of Adiposity: Contributions to Obesity Risk
Authors: Skowronski Alicja A , Leibel Rudolph L , LeDuc Charles A
Published: November 2023

This review analyzes the published evidence regarding maternal factors that influence the developmental programming of long-term adiposity in humans and animals via the central nervous system (CNS). We describe the physiological outcomes of perinatal underfeeding and overfeeding and explore potential mechanisms that may mediate the impact of such exposures on the development of feeding circuits within the CNS—including the influences of metabolic hormones and epigenetic changes. The perinatal environment, reflective of maternal nutritional status, contributes to the programming of offspring adiposity. The in utero and early postnatal periods represent critically sensitive developmental windows during which the hormonal and metabolic milieu affects the maturation of the hypothalamus. Maternal hyperglycemia is associated with increased transfer of glucose to the fetus driving fetal hyperinsulinemia. Elevated fetal insulin causes increased adiposity and consequently higher fetal circulating leptin concentration. Mechanistic studies in animal models indicate important roles of leptin and insulin in central and peripheral programming of adiposity, and suggest that optimal concentrations of these hormones are critical during early life. Additionally, the environmental milieu during development may be conveyed to progeny through epigenetic marks and these can potentially be vertically transmitted to subsequent generations. Thus, nutritional and metabolic/endocrine signals during perinatal development can have lifelong (and possibly multigenerational) impacts on offspring body weight regulation.
Integrin-based adhesions promote cell–cell junction and cytoskeletal remodelling to drive embryonic wound healing
Authors: Ly Michelle , Schimmer Clara , Hawkins Raymond , E. Rothenberg Katheryn , Fernandez-Gonzalez Rodrigo
Published: November 2023

Embryos repair wounds rapidly, with no inflammation or scarring. Embryonic wound healing is driven by the collective movement of the cells around the lesion. The cells adjacent to the wound polarize the cytoskeletal protein actin and the molecular motor non-muscle myosin II, which accumulate at the wound edge forming a supracellular cable around the wound. Adherens junction proteins, including E-cadherin, are internalized from the wound edge and localize to former tricellular junctions at the wound margin, in a process necessary for cytoskeletal polarity. We found that the cells adjacent to wounds in the Drosophila embryonic epidermis polarized Talin, a core component of cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesions, which preferentially accumulated at the wound edge. Integrin knockdown and inhibition of integrin binding delayed wound closure and reduced actin polarization and dynamics around the wound. Additionally, disrupting integrins caused a defect in E-cadherin reinforcement at tricellular junctions along the wound edge, suggesting crosstalk between integrin-based and cadherin-based adhesions. Our results show that cell–ECM adhesion contributes to embryonic wound repair and reveal an interplay between cell–cell and cell–ECM adhesion in the collective cell movements that drive rapid wound healing.
The genome sequence of the Winter Moth, Operophtera brumata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Crowley Liam M. , Sheldon Ben C. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: November 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Operophtera brumata (the Winter Moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The genome sequence is 619.2 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 15 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.75 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 17,480 protein coding genes.
Management in the field of culture and art
Authors:   Far Eastern State Institute of Arts, Mitina Natalya
Published: November 2023

This manual presents a management course in the field of culture and art. The main sections and topics of the discipline content are reflected. The scope and types of training sessions, types of independent work and requirements for intermediate certification, methodological materials for the optimal organization of the process of studying the discipline, as well as the implementation of various forms of independent work, lecture notes on the course and assessment materials for the current and intermediate certification of students in the discipline are given. The training manual presents the experience of developing a management course in the field of culture and art for undergraduates in creative specialties.
Comparison of the methods of the correction of the venous thromboembolism in bariatric surgery using the low-frequency thromboelastography: our experience
Authors: Tarabrin O. , Sukhonos R. , Suslov O. , Kirpichnikova K. , Bugaenko E.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. In the world of obesity and its complications annually dies about 2.8 million people. Obesity is an independent factor of the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), as it interferes with the internal and external pathways of coagulation, as well as in anticoagulant mechanisms, which leads to a hypercoagulation state. Reducing excess body weight in patients with morbid obesity by bariatric surgery is becoming increasingly popular, as barium therapy is an effective means of treating obesity and related concomitant diseases. Advantages of bariatric surgery are undeniable, as well as risks. Despite many blood coagulation studies, cases of thromboembolism in such patients are becoming more frequent, especially during surgical interventions and in the postoperative period, given that the operation is a trigger factor in the development of thromboembolism.

Materials and methods. A hemostasis system was studied in 63 patients with BMI> 35 kg / m2. All patients were divided into 3 groups. 1 group (n=20) - patients who received combined therapy: Enoxaparin sodium 0.1% 0.2 ml / kg 2 times a day every 12 hours and Pentoxifylline 100 mg 2 times a day every 12 hours; The 2nd group (n= 17) - patients treated with: Enoxaparin sodium 0.1% 0.2 ml / kg 2 times daily for every 12 hours; Group 3 (control): 26 people with obesity, BMI> 35, not subject to bariatric surgery. The study of the hemostasis system was carried out using low-frequency piezoelectric thromboelastography (LPTEG) immediately after hospitalization and on 1,3,5 days after bariatry. The following blood coagulation constants were checked: Contact Coagulation Intensity; intensity of coagulation drive; maximum bunch density; Fibrinolytic activity is the index of retraction and lysis of the clot.

Results. In patients of group 1 (anticoagulants + antiplatelet agents) the risk of thrombotic complications is lower, since this therapy has reduced the value at all stages of hemocoagulation to the reference values; Patients in group 2 (anticoagulants), despite the normalization of the coagulation unit, had an increase in the values of aggregation and fibrinolysis, relative to the norm, which means the risk of thrombotic complications remains high.

Conclusions. The instrumental method of NPTEG allowed to adequately estimate the system of hemocoagulation in dynamics in patients with morbid obesity, with BMI ≥ 35 kg / m2; This category of patients has shown a high risk of VTE; It has been proved that for an adequate prevention of VTE in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery, the combination of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents is more effective than monotherapy with anticoagulants.
Narraciones eudaimónicas para reducir el prejuicio hacia menores migrantes no acompañados. Dispositivos narrativos para aumentar su eficacia
Authors: Guerrero-Martín Iñigo , Igartua Juan-José
Published: November 2023

Esta investigación se centra en el efecto de dos dispositivos narrativos que pueden mejorar la eficacia de narraciones eudaimónicas elaboradas para disminuir el prejuicio hacia menores migrantes no acompañados en España. Se analiza si incrementar la similitud en términos de identidad social con el personaje y narrar la historia en primera persona desencadenan mecanismos relevantes (identificación y elaboración cognitiva) para mejorar las actitudes intergrupales y estimular una conducta prosocial. Los resultados del experimento en línea (N = 491) revelaron un efecto indirecto de la similitud en términos de identidad social en las variables dependientes a través de la similitud percibida (mediador primario), la identificación (mediador secundario) y la elaboración cognitiva (mediador terciario). La voz narrativa también tuvo un efecto indirecto sobre las variables dependientes mediado por la identificación (mediador primario) y la elaboración cognitiva (mediador secundario). Se concluye que determinados dispositivos narrativos pueden potenciar procesos afectivos y cognitivos que explican la eficacia de mensajes testimoniales diseñados para reducir el racismo y la xenofobia.
Behavioral Microfoundations of New Practice Adoption: The Effects of Rewards, Training and Population Dynamics
Authors: Feylessoufi Antoine , Kavadias Stylianos , Ralph Daniel
Published: November 2023

Organizations face challenges when trying to effectively introduce new operational practices that substitute for existing ones. We study how the dynamics due to social comparisons between employees give rise to individual strategic considerations and eventually shape the organizational adoption outcome. We develop an evolutionary game theory model that accounts for these microlevel individual adoption decisions and their impact on macrolevel population adoption equilibria. Social comparisons invoke dynamics that expand the possible outcomes beyond the traditional nonadoption versus full-adoption dichotomy. Specifically, ahead-seeking social comparisons drive the long-term coexistence of practices because employees seek to differentiate their choices from those of others. Meanwhile, behind-averse comparisons create a bandwagon effect that determines adoption depending on the initial fraction of adopters—that is, employees who are trained upfront. These dynamics are robust to various settings: different conceptualizations of social comparisons, each employee responding to more than one kind of social comparison, and nonhomogeneous social comparisons across employees. Moreover, they are material to organizations that seek to maximize their profit when introducing a new practice, by setting the levels of upfront training and adoption rewards. Our results call for senior managers to account for such behavioral traits when managing the introduction of new practices. Profitable adoption critically relies upon matching rewards and training to the type of social comparison.

This paper was accepted by Sridhar Tayur, entrepreneurship and innovation.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.00305 .
Aspectos Biopsicossociais Do Trabalho De Agentes Comunitários De Saúde: Um Relato De Experiência
Authors: Nery Damasceno Marcos Vinicius , Vila Verde Santana De Almeida Isabela , Fontes Matos Araujo Mariane , Campos Magalhães Marina , Oliveira de Santana Inayara
Published: November 2023

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi identificar os aspectos biopsicossociais do trabalho de Agentes Comunitárias de Saúde (ACS) a partir de uma experiência vivenciada no curso do Bacharelado Interdisciplinar em Saúde da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia. O contato com as agentes comunitárias ocorreu ao longo de três semestres onde foram realizadas atividades extensionistas em um bairro da cidade de Santo Antônio de Jesus. De modo geral, as ACS apontaram a escassez de recursos, a falta de apoio e incentivo para a execução de suas atividades, bem como as relações de trabalho hierarquizadas como fatores estressores que impactam em suas atividades laborais e colocam em risco sua saúde. O resultado desse estudo mostra a importância de ampliar a prática do cuidado com os profissionais da área da saúde, sobretudo as ACS que lidam diariamente com o luto, com as falhas do sistema e com a sobrecarga física e emocional do trabalho na atenção básica.
EXPERIÊNCIAS DA EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA NA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 NAS MÍDIAS SOCIAIS
Authors: Neto Mercedes , Silva Vitória Axt Gomes da , Silva Rosana Azevedo Bastos da , Fonseca Mary Hellem Silva , Oliveira Andreza Cristina Silva de , Rafael Ricardo de Mattos Russo
Published: November 2023

A pandemia de COVID-19 se instala como uma crise sanitária mundial com demandas específicas e diversas, e neste contexto, a informação em saúde se fez cogente. A universidade, dentre os seus pilares de ação, tem a extensão como meio de integração do conhecimento científico produzido com a sociedade, promovendo a divulgação e acesso à população. Para tanto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência universitária como estratégia no enfrentamento da pandemia de COVID-19. Para operacionalizar esta ação, foram organizadas 15 LIVE sob temáticas advindas da comunidade acadêmica, que foram realizadas uma vez por semana. Os debates disponíveis no Instagram compreendem o formato entrevista e permeia diversas áreas do conhecimento que borram a pandemia da COVID-19. Foram em média 165 acessos até a finalização do período de LIVE, e cada produto técnico produzido integrou discentes, docentes, pesquisadores e a população em geral. Destarte, deve-se compreender que estas entrevistas possuem informações atuais e pertinentes ao contexto atual que por meio dos compartilhamentos, continuam a ser fontes de acesso a informação segura a toda a população. Isto é, a extensão universitária foi uma estratégia de enfrentamento desta pandemia, mas também exerceu sua função na formação de discentes e de integração com a comunidade.
As perspectivas de futuro profissional como pauta na educação médica: um relato de experiência
Authors: Rocha Cuzzuol Beatriz , De Souza Barcelos Isadora , Teixeira da Costa Bruna , Alves da Silva Mirele , Alves Nunes Stanley , Bastos Fernandes Júnior Wladir
Published: November 2023

O estudante de medicina está repleto de dúvidas pela vastidão de possibilidades acerca de especialidades médicas e a sua faculdade pode não estar apta a auxiliar nessa tomada de decisão. De modo a assistir na escolha pela residência e carreira médica, foi pensada a ação “Caminhos da Residência”, que consistiu em uma série de 13 vídeos com profissionais médicos esclarecendo dúvidas sobre suas respectivas residências. Dentre as diversas especialidades, foram abordadas as residências de pneumologia, nefrologia, geriatria, hematologia, entre outras. Para os resultados, foram contabilizados os números de visualizações de cada postagem, assim como as interações do público. Também foram realizadas palestras com os temas “Aspectos Tributários da Medicina” e “Judicialização da Medicina” e analisados os dados das inscrições. O projeto demonstrou ser de grande relevância para a formação médica.
Jornal na Escola: Caminhos Metodológicos para Atuação frente aos Efeitos do Isolamento Social
Authors: Xavier Lima Alexandre , De Oliveira Castilho Pereira Angélica , Da Silva Costa André Karine
Published: November 2023

O projeto de extensão Jornal na Escola desenvolve jornal escolar como forma de promover a atuação no espaço escolar e a participação na sociedade à medida que seus participantes são incentivados a realizar leitura crítica e produzir textos jornalísticos, compartilhando interesses, saberes e opiniões. Assim, para além do tradicional espaço da sala de aula, os estudantes podem se inserir em práticas discursivas em que seus textos cumprem objetivos sociodiscursivos. Essa perspectiva reflete a compreensão do conceito de gênero discursivo apresentado por Bakthin (2016) e desenvolvido por Marcuschi (2007, 2008 e 2010), como sendo uma ação discursiva para atuar no mundo, bem como a concepção de língua como espaço de interação, como propõe Geraldi (2012). Dentre as demandas da ação extensionista, o contexto de isolamento social deflagrou uma abrupta inserção nas mídias sociais, o que conduziu o projeto à reorientação metodológica a fim de integrar a comunidade virtualmente, servindo de apoio e espaço de reflexão sobre vários temas oriundos das vivências desse contexto recente; desenvolver estratégias de letramento digital, reconhecendo em cada mídia seus recursos e suas intenções comunicativas; e construir práticas pedagógica em torno do jornal, um mosaico de gêneros construído a partir da interação com seu público em situações do cotidiano.
OS LIMITES DA JURISDIÇÃO BRASILEIRA REFERENTE À PARTILHA DE BEM IMÓVEL SITUADO NO EXTERIOR E A COOPERAÇÃO JURÍDICA INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Presgrave Ana Beatriz , Barroso Isabela Araújo
Published: November 2023

A LINDB estabelece que a lei do país em que domiciliada a pessoa determina as regras sobre os direitos de família, mas também dispõe que “para qualificar os bens e regular as relações a ele concernentes, aplicar-se-á a lei do país em que estiverem situados”. Diante desse conflito aparente de normas, o presente trabalho tem como questionamento central saber qual lei – se a brasileira ou a estrangeira – e qual o país que tem jurisdição – se o Brasil ou o país estrangeiro – para decidir acerca da partilha de bem imóvel situado no exterior quando as partes do divórcio são domiciliadas no Brasil. Questiona-se também como a cooperação jurídica internacional pode ser utilizada para a implementação de tal partilha. Para tanto, dentre outras questões, são abordados os conceitos de jurisdição – concorrente e exclusiva -, soberania e efetividade. Concluiu-se que o Poder Judiciário brasileiro, embora deva considerar o valor do bem imóvel situado no exterior para equilibrar as cotas na partilha de bens, não possui jurisdição para decidir o destino deles, que deve ser decidido pelas leis da localidade do bem, em virtude do princípio da soberania estatal e do art. 23, I do CPC. A cooperação jurídica internacional é fundamental, dentre outros aspectos, para que possa ser conhecido todo o acervo patrimonial discutido na partilha de bens e para efetivar a regularização dos respectivos registros.
DISPOSIÇÃO RETÓRICA NA ESTRUTURAÇÃO DOS RECURSOS CÍVEIS
Authors: Scarparo Eduardo
Published: November 2023

O texto apresenta a disposição retórica, fazendo relações com a prática de recursos cíveis. Avança sobre aspectos da disposição retórica interna e externa, cotejando os diferentes aspectos da ordem textual em manifestações forenses. Faz o exame da disposição retórica, considerando a regulamentação legal dos recursos cíveis. Propõe avanços estratégicos discursivos conforme a função institucional das cortes.
DIREITO PROCESSUAL ROMANO
Authors: Gonçalves de Castro Mendes Aluisio , Paes de Castro Mendes Carolina
Published: November 2023

O Código de Processo Civil de 2015 e o contemporâneo debate sobre o Poder Judiciário refletem a preocupação da sociedade para com a sua Justiça. Hoje, no meio jurídico, buscam-se soluções para os problemas relacionados com a prestação jurisdicional. Todavia, para se conhecer o presente e projetar o futuro, é fundamental o estudo do passado, restaurando-se as experiências bem-sucedidas e apropriadas à época atual e evitando-se os erros, além da compreensão do Direito dentro de um contexto maior, seja no tempo, no espaço e nas suas relações com a superestrutura. Nessa perspectiva, o presente estudo do se volta ao passado objetivando demonstrar a  a suma importância do estudo do direito processual romano para o aprimoramento do direito processual. Partindo desse pressuposto, através de referências bibliográficas e documentais, o trabalho apresenta uma análise crítica e dinâmica do direito processual romano, de modo crítico e dinâmico, para contribuir com as discussões modernas sobre a justiça e a prestação jurisdicional. O artigo promove uma recapitulação do processo civil romano, abordando os períodos pré-classico, clássico e pós-classico e os três sistemas – legis actiones, formulae e cognitio extra ordinem – respectivamente situados nos períodos mencionados. Pretende, ainda, apresentar observações sobre o processo civil e a justiça na atualidade, em confrontação com o direito processual romano, especialmente o que se encontra situado nos períodos pré-clássico e clássico. São destacadas características como a oralidade, recorribilidade, a possibilidade do non liquet, entre outros. O estudo direito romano permite várias outras visões ou enfoques do direito, no seu estado, talvez, mais puro e forte, fazendo com que, através de confrontações e estudos, se possa ver melhor ou, pelo menos, com outros olhos, a nossa realidade, impedindo a acomodação e estimulando a elaboração de propostas e ideias, das quais as proposições acima são, tão-somente, um esboço singelo, como uma gota no grande oceano de possibilidades.
EL DERECHO FUNDAMENTAL AL RECURSO SEGÚN LA DOCTRINA JURISPRUDENCIAL DEL SISTEMA INTERAMERICANO DE PROTECCIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS. UNA EVALUACIÓN DESDE EL PROCESAL PENAL CHILENO
Authors: Letelier Loyola Enrique
Published: November 2023

En este trabajo destacamos el rol del sistema interamericano de protección de los derechos humanos, en la garantía y aplicación del derecho fundamental al recurso, reconocido en la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos y en el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos. A partir de las sentencias y opiniones consultivas de la Corte Interamericana y las Resoluciones de la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, hemos propuesto algunos estándares normativos necesarios que los recursos internos deben cumplir para satisfacer la exigencia del derecho reconocido en estos pactos internacionales, lo que permite, además, evaluar su aplicación en el sistema de recursos penales chileno.
ANÁLISE DE ALGUMAS ALTERAÇÕES AO REGIME DA PROPRIEDADE HORIZONTAL DECORRENTES DA LEI 8/2022
Authors: Dinis Pestana Serra Miguel
Published: November 2023

Abordamos algumas questões que decorrem das alterações ao regime da propriedade horizontal introduzidas pela Lei 8/22 de 10 de janeiro, circunscrevendo-se este artigo à análise de três questões que reputamos de essenciais: em primeiro lugar, procura-se determinar a quem compete o pagamento ao condomínio das despesas que sejam devidas. Será analisada a lei, a doutrina e jurisprudência anteriores, com enfase na questão da ambulatoriedade das obrigações condominiais, efetuando um confronto com a redação atual da lei. Esta questão é de particular importância do ponto de vista prático e tem gerado contovérsias, incerteza e litigiosidade, que o legislador agora tentou pôr termo. No entanto, infelizmente entendemos que as alterações operadas são também suscetíveis de gerar dúvidas, sobre as quais, a doutrina e a jurisprudência terão de se debruçar. Em segundo lugar, abordamos a novidade constante do artigo 1424º – A, nomeadamente a obrigatoriedade de a escritura ou o documento particular autenticado de alineação da fração ter de ser instruída com uma declaração emitida pelo administrador de condomínio da qual constem os elementos previstos no número 1 da citada norma legal. Esta alteração insere-se no âmbito de um incremento das responsabilidades do administrador de condomínio e também de novas competências atribuídas, tendente a uma crescente profissionalização na administração de condomínio. Mas, o artigo 1424º – A, n.º 3 permite que a pessoa do devedor seja alterada sem a intervenção do credor, o que retira coerência e unidade ao sistema jurídico. Por fim, interpreta-se o artigo 6º, n.º 5 do DL 268/94 de 25 de outubro com a redação que lhe foi dada pela Lei 8/2022 referente ao dever do administrador promover a cobrança judicial dos créditos do condomínio, fixando-lhe para tal, um prazo de 90 dias a partir do primeiro incumprimento. Também a redação agora conferida a este artigo levanta dúvidas interpretativas, que iremos analisar, concluindo posteriormente com a interpretação que nos parece mais consentânea com a intenção do legislador.
Management of anaphylaxis
Authors: Noakes Amy , Ogundipe Avanelle
Published: November 2023

Health visitors should be aware of the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis, in addition to the administration of adrenaline, as the quicker treatment is provided, the greater the chance of recovery
Steglich Esterification of Activated Cinnamyl Cinnamate Derivatives and Computational Studies of Intramolecular Diels-Alder for Lignan Synthesis
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia, Ritonga Rizky Arif Fajar Husandy , Arifin Budi ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia, Sugita Purwantiningsih ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia, Achmadi Suminar Setiati ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia, Irfana Luthfan ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Published: November 2023

A ryltetralin and arylnaphthalene lignans consisting of methylenedioxy or trimethoxy groups, such as podophyllotoxin and phyllanthusmin C, are known to have effective anticancer properties. The synthesis of these compounds can be achieved through intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions on cinnamyl cinnamate ester derivatives. Furthermore, this ester is commonly synthesized through an esterification reaction between cinnamoyl halide and cinnamyl alcohol. In this study, cinnamyl cinnamate only produced a 41% yield, while a nearly quantitative yield of 98% was obtained using the Steglich reaction with N,N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 4-dimethylaminopyridine. This reaction was used to synthesize eight cinnamyl cinnamate ester derivatives, which consisted of methylenedioxy and trimethoxy groups, following a combinatorial synthesis. 3,4-Methylenedioxy- and 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamyl alcohols were obtained by reducing methyl 3,4-methylenedioxycinnamate and 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid, respectively. The results showed that the ester yields were excellent, except for the ester derivatives of 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamyl alcohol. This alcohol was unstable during column chromatography, leading to the direct esterification of the crude reduction products. A side product with Rf adjacent to the ester was obtained, thereby reducing the ester yield. The identification of this by-product and the intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction on the products obtained were described in this study. Computational studies showed that transforming reactants into products led to the production of one intermediate compound and two transition states (TS). Each TS represented the intramolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction and migration of [1,3]-hydrogen. Thermodynamic studies consistently revealed that a solvent environment could effectively reduce the activation energy associated with a chemical process.
Formic Acid Gas Sensors Based on Electrolytically Exfoliated Graphene-loaded Flame-Made Spinel Zn2SnO4 Composites
Authors:   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Jiamjai Wiphawee ,   Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand, Inyawilert Kanittha ,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand,   Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Punginsang Matawee ,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand,   Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Siriwalai Mameaseng ,   Ph.D. Program in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (International Program/Interdisciplinary), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand,   Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Wisitsoraat Anurat ,   National Security and Dual-Use Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Klong Luang, Phathum Thani 12120, Thailand, Liewhiran Chaikarn ,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand,   Ph.D. Program in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (International Program/Interdisciplinary), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand,   Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Published: November 2023

In this w ork, effective gas-sensing material were prepared by combining spinel zinc stannate (Zn2SnO4) nanoparticles synthesized by flame spray pyrolysis and graphene produced by the electrolytic exfoliation for volatile organic acids (VOAs) detection. The effect of graphene content in the range of 0.2–5 wt% on formic acid (HCOOH)-sensing performance of Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles was evaluated. Structural, physical, and chemical properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, BET-surface analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. From the gas-sensing test towards 0.005-0.1 vol% HCOOH in dry air at 200-400°C, the graphene-loaded Zn2SnO4 sensor with the optimal graphene content of 0.5 wt% displayed the highest response of ~4970 towards HCOOH at the optimal temperature of 300°C. Moreover, it showed high HCOOH selectivity against several other VOAs, volatile organic compounds, and environmental gases. Therefore, graphene-loaded spinel Zn2SnO4 sensors could be attractive choices for selective HCOOH detection and useful for food science and industrial applications.
Carbon-supported Ternary Nanocatalyst Palladium-Vanadium-Cobalt for Hydrodechlorination of 2,4-Dichlorophenol
Authors:   University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam, Diep Thi Duyen , Nguyen Thi Yen Nhi ,   University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam,   Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam, Co Thanh Thien ,   University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam,   Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
Published: November 2023

M ultimetallic nanocatalysts have remarkably revealed activities in various catalytic applications. Herein, the ternary nanocatalysts based on palladium-vanadium-cobalt were successfully synthesized through the reduction of their salts with the combination of sodium borohydride and ethylene glycol as reducing agents, including impregnating of activated carbon (AC) substrate with colloid solution of metallic nanoparticles (PdVCo/C). The immobile of trimetallic PdVCo on AC was evidenced by XRD, EDX analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and specific surface area (BET). Therein, TEM imaging showed that the PdVCo particles size is about 7 nm. The trimetallic nanocatalysts were evaluated in the hydrodechlorination of dichlorinated substrates which was defined by GC (FID detector). The obtained result was that the conversion of 2,4-dichlorophenol was over 91% in the case of PdVCo nano-catalyst in the presence of potassium hydroxide and the high catalytic stability was observed.
Eigenvalues for stochastic matrices with a prescribed stationary distribution
Authors: Kirkland Stephen
Published: November 2023

Given a vector $0<w \in \mathbb{R}^n$ whose entries sum to $1$, the region $\sigma_\mathcal{S}(w)$ in the complex plane consisting of all eigenvalues of all stochastic matrices having $w^\top$ as a left Perron vector is considered. Some general observations about this region are made, it is proven that $\bigcap_{w \in \mathbb{R}^n, w>0, w^\top \mathbf{1} =1} \sigma_\mathcal{S}(w) =[0,1],$ and a characterization is given of the vectors $w$ such that $\sigma_\mathcal{S}(w)$ contains an element $\lambda \ne 1$ with $|\lambda|=1.$ The corresponding problem for reversible stochastic matrices with given left Perron vector is also considered, as is the corresponding region $\sigma_\mathcal{R}(w),$ which is a subset of $[-1,1].$ Under a mild hypothesis on $w, $ it is proven that the smallest element of $\sigma_\mathcal{R}(w)$ corresponds to a reversible stochastic matrix whose graph is a tree with a loop at one vertex. A general lower bound on the eigenvalues of reversible stochastic matrices with given left Perron vector is also given, as is a complete description of $\sigma_\mathcal{R}(w)$ when $w$ has two or three entries.
Design and Evaluation of Ultra-broadband Metamaterial Absorber for Energy Harvesting Applications
Authors: Abishek Ebenezer , Azhagar Elakkiya , Esakkimuthu Manikandan , Arumugam Karthigeyan
Published: November 2023

A perfect metamaterial absorber (MMA) is designed and evaluated numerically for solar energy harvesting applications. A dielectric layer separates the top structured metallic plane and the bottom ground metallic plane that make up the MMA. The MMA structure is primarily presented in the range of 100-1000 THz, which corresponds to 3000-300 nm in wavelength, for the efficient utilization of solar energy. The results obtained in the band 441-998 THz correspond to a visible and ultraviolet wavelength range of 680-300 nm. It has achieved a maximum absorption rate of 99.9% at 700 THz and 99% between 500 and 800 THz, respectively. In the desired frequency bands, the structure has achieved polarization and angle-resolved behavior. The MMA-based absorber has a high absorption rate of over 90% in the broadest visible (400-700 nm) and UV (100-300 nm) spectra. Also shown are the absorption characteristics of the MMA-based solar cell in the infrared (IR) region. The band 345-440 THz, corresponding to 870-690 nm, has 75% absorption. The other IR band (240-345 THz), which corresponds to 1250-880 nm, has achieved absorption of nearly 50%. So it can be utilized for the entire visible solar spectrum, including infrared to ultraviolet. If the proposed MMA structure were equipped with the appropriate electrical circuitry, it could be utilized for solar energyharvesting.
Betsuyaku and the Comedy of Entropy
Authors: Jortner David
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Betsuyaku Minoru was one of the leading postwar dramatists when he passed away in 2020. This special section looks at Betsuyaku’s career from his early 1960s plays to his monumental 2007 work Yattekita Godot (Godot Came). The essays look at Betsuyaku’s relationship with the Theatre of the Absurd, both in Japan and in the West. This is especially true when one looks at the influence of Beckett and how Beckett was received in Japan. In this introductory essay, I argue that the perception of absurdism, inimically linked with tragedy, missed the connection to comedy, especially entropic comedy. Betsuyaku’s works are filled with this comic form wherein bodies, identities and social structures fall to decay and dissolution. Even as these bodies and structures decay, however, a dark humor pervades in Betsuyaku’s work; seeing his work through this comedic lens allows for greater understanding and appreciation of this major playwright.
Betsuyaku Minoru: The Playwright Who Came Back to a Place He had Never Been to
Authors: Pulvers Roger
Published: November 2023

Abstract: In this essay by playwright, director, translator, and colleague of Betsuyaku Roger Pulvers, the author looks at Betsuyaku’s work through a variety of perspectives, sharing academic as well as personal insights about the playwright and his work. He examines the ways that Betsuyaku’s plays echo the ambiguity and circularity found within the Japanese language. He also argues for the misapplication of the term “absurd” in regards to Betsuyaku’s work, focusing instead on the influence of Miyazawa Kenji. Finally, this essay looks at how Betsuyaku explores alienation and subtle humor in his characters, especially in his best known play, Zō (The Elephant).