bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O PILATES COMO MÉTODO DE TRATAMENTO PARA PACIENTES COM ACIDENTE VASCULAR ENCEFÁLICO (AVE): RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Silva Aisha Eduarda Robinson da , Freire Cauã Lucas , Oliveira Emily Furtado de , Rabelo Fernando Rabelo , Sousa Samya Seabra de , Chagas Shayla Suyara Mandar , Silva Susanne Cristina Brito e
Published: December 2023

Introdução: O Acidente vascular encefálico é uma condição neurológica causada pela interrupção do fluxo sanguíneo, Os fatores de risco incluem hipertensão arterial, diabetes, hiperlipidemia, obesidade e história familiar de AVC. O fisioterapeuta desempenha um papel fundamental na equipe de reabilitação, O Método Pilates promove a concentração durante a execução dos movimentos, facilitando a reconexão mente-corpo. Objetivo: relatar a experiência da utilização do método de pilates como forma alternativa no tratamento de Acidente vascular encefálico. Metodologia: um relato de experiência, que se caracteriza pelo fornecimento de informações adquiridas em um estágio, apresentando dados e compreensões sobre o papel do pilates no tratamento de (AVE). Descrição da experiência: os indivíduos com casos de AVE possuem um maior foco na recuperação de equilíbrio, mobilidade e força. Exercícios foram realizados ao longo de um período de 5 meses durante os  meses de experiência no estágio. Foi possível notar uma melhora suscetível no quadro clínico geral dos pacientes. Considerações Finais: O estudo examina a experiência de um estudante de fisioterapia, com foco no papel do fisioterapeuta no manejo de pacientes com  (AVE), com foco no uso do Pilates para otimizar o tratamento ao longo do tempo, promovendo controle de movimento, força e consciência corporal para recuperar habilidades motoras pós- AVE.
Eksistensi Strategi Digital Marketing Berbasis Maṣlaḥah dalam Bisnis Islam
Authors: Yuli Irawan Rasit  , Saiful Mukhlis  , Abd Wahab
Published: December 2023

This research aims to analyze and interpret the internalization of maṣlaḥah values in business strategies implemented in Islamic business so that they can bring blessings. This research is field research using a qualitative method and a spirituality paradigm approach in developing business organizations using the basis of maṣlaḥah, which is the goal of doing business in Islam. The results of this research are that the muamalah principle emphasizes the importance of seeking benefit and avoiding harm in all business activities, so that a maṣlaḥah-based digital marketing strategy includes the application of Islamic sharia values, namely the value of ukhuwah Islamiyah, the value of honesty, and the value of kindness. Thus, maṣlaḥah-based digital marketing activities can be a means of building mutually beneficial relationships between consumers and entrepreneurs. Apart from that, this strategy can also be a means of spreading goodness in society.
Konsep Business Judgement Rule dalam Perspektif Maṣlaḥah Mursalah
Authors: Anisatur Rohmah  , Ahmad Musadad
Published: December 2023

This research aims to analyze the benefits of implementing the Business Judgment Rule concept when viewed from the perspective of maṣlaḥah murlah. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method with a normative juridical approach which makes the law the center of its study with the aim of providing legal arguments as a basis for whether the application of the Business Judgment Rule doctrine can be detrimental or not if viewed from the perspective of maṣlaḥah murlah which is then processed. into descriptive analysis. The results of this research show that the concept of the Business Judgment Rule doctrine is a concept that provides information to company directors regarding business decisions by considering various factors, namely the existence of good faith, prudence and accountability. Apart from that, the Business Judgment Rule doctrine has been widely used in several cases, especially in Indonesia. This means that the Business Judgment Rule doctrine, if seen from the maṣlaḥah murlah's point of view, does indeed bring benefits to the point of being a reference in a trial, even though in its implementation there is still a lack of socialization and education regarding the Business Judgment Rule doctrine within the scope of institutions or law enforcement officials.
FORENSIC ACCOUNTING IN INDIAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Dr. Hiral Desai  , Ms. Parasmani Jangid
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this article is to throw some light on the frauds in terms of account happens in India. From the available literature, the effective forensic accounting techniques are to be focused. There are two ways to implement the techniques which includes, first, introduce the forensic accounting methods in business and second, merge the traditional organizational control system with modern system of detecting forensic fraud with the help of forensic accountant. The conclusion of this article is detecting frauds and the causes behind not get detected on early stage. How to spot frauds by using different techniques and how to mitigate the fraud in India by using the techniques to spot the fraud timely.By focusing on the roots and avoiding the situation causing accounting frauds by implementing the forensic accounting. The novelty of this study is forensic accounting from view point of India.
KEY WORDS: Forensic Accounting, Financial Scams, Fraud, Investigative Functions, Forensic Audit
FROM TEXT TO DIAGNOSE: CHATGPT’S EFFICACY IN MEDICAL DECISION-MAKING
Authors: Mykhalko Yaroslav , Kish Pavlo , Rubtsova Yelyzaveta , Kutsyn Oleksandr , Koval Valentyna
Published: December 2023

The aim: Evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of the ChatGPT in the field of medical diagnosis.
Materialrrs and methods: We utilized 50 clinical cases, employing Large Language Model ChatGPT-3.5. The experiment had three phases, each with a new chat setup. In the initial phase, ChatGPT received detailed clinical case descriptions, guided by a “Persona Pattern” prompt. In the second phase, cases with diagnostic errors were addressed by providing potential diagnoses for ChatGPT to choose from. The final phase assessed artificial intelligence’s ability to mimic a medical practitioner’s diagnostic process, with prompts limiting initial information to symptoms and history.
Results: In the initial phase, ChatGPT showed a 66.00% diagnostic accuracy, surpassing physicians by nearly 50%. Notably, in 11 cases requiring image interpretation, ChatGPT struggled initially but achieved a correct diagnosis for four without added interpretations. In the second phase, ChatGPT demonstrated a remarkable 70.59% diagnostic accuracy, while physicians averaged 41.47%. Furthermore, the overall accuracy of Large Language Model in first and second phases together was 90.00%. In the third phase emulating real doctor decision-making, ChatGPT achieved a 46.00% success rate.
Conclusions: Our research underscores ChatGPT’s strong potential in clinical medicine as a diagnostic tool, especially in structured scenarios. It emphasizes the need for supplementary data and the complexity of medical diagnosis. This contributes valuable insights to AI-driven clinical diagnostics, with a nod to the importance of prompt engineering techniques in ChatGPT’s interaction with doctors.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE GONADS OF CHILDREN 2-6 HOURS AFTER ACUTE UNILATERAL TESTICULAR TORSION
Authors: Volos Liliya , Gorbatyuk Olga , Veselyi Mykyta , Veselyy Sergiy , Lavrov Dmytro , Hladkiy Oleksandr , Usenko Tetiana
Published: December 2023

The aim: To determine the morphological and immunohistochemical changes in the testes 2-6 hours after the onset of clinical symptoms of acute unilateral testicular torsion.
Materials and methods: A morphological and immunohistochemical study was conducted on biopsy samples of testicular tissues taken 2-6 hours after the onset of clinical symptoms of acute unilateral testicular torsion during detorsion and orchiopexy surgery in 27 adolescent patients.
Results: In cases of incomplete torsion (180-360°) and a disease duration of up to 2 hours, the seminiferous tubules maintained their normal structure. The convoluted seminiferous tubules showed minor damage during 4 hours of ischemia caused by testicular torsion of 360-450°, which was characterized by mild damage. Glycogen and neutral glycoproteins were preserved in the cytoplasm of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, and Sertoli cells, indicating that their intracellular metabolism was relatively preserved. The ischemia that lasted for 4 hours with testicular torsion of 450-720° was characterized by a moderate degree of gonadal damage. However, there was pronounced expression of vimentin and calretinin, and the presence of glycogen and neutral glycoproteins indicated functional activity of the gonads. A six-hour ischemia period with a 360-450° testicular torsion demonstrated 100% gonadal viability, with 50% of the seminiferous tubules preserved and 35% with minor damage. Severe damage to the spermatogenic epithelium was observed in 15% of seminiferous tubules, characterized by dystrophy of spermatogenic epithelial cells with signs of karyopyknosis, karyorrhexis, vacuolization, hyperchromasia of cytoplasmic organelles, shedding of individual cells into the lumen of tubules, and focal necrosis.
Conclusions: 1. The degree of torsion and duration of symptoms are prognostic factors for testicular salvage in torsion episodes. Ischemia lasting up to 6 hours is characterized by a moderate degree of gonadal damage, and detorsion of the testicle performed within 6 hours from the onset of pathology allows for preservation of the testicle in 100% of cases. 2. Histological examination of the susceptibility of different cell types to ischemia reveals that Sertoli cells and spermatogonia are the most resistant, while spermatocytes and spermatids are more susceptible and prone to degeneration.
RESPIRATORY MICROBIOME AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH INFLAMMATORY MARKERS
Authors: Horlenko Olesya M. , Pikina Iryna Yu. , Prylypko Lyubomyra B. , Kossey Gabriella B. , Derbak Maria A. , Tomey Adrian I. , Mashyka Volodymyr Yu.
Published: December 2023

The aim: This study aims to investigate and analyze the microbiome of the nasopharyngeal zone in acute respiratory infections (ARI) and their relationship with inflammatory markers.
Materials and methods: Examination of 112 children (10-14 years old) with acute respiratory infections (ARI) of the upper respiratory tract was carried out. The control group consisted of 25 healthy children identical in age and examination parameters.
Results: When analyzing the microflora of the nasopharynx of patients, 29,0% of strains were gram-positive bacteria and 71,0% were gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli representing 37,0%). Biochemical examination of the biomaterial revealed the presence of sucrase (n=69), maltase (n=87), lactorepoxidase (n-89) and alcohols - sorbitol (hexahydric alcohol, n=102), mannitol (hexahydric alcohol, n=84), xylitol (pentahydric alcohol, n=86). Regarding the markers of inflammatory response, the following dynamics was noted: increase in the level of IgM (3,91 ± 1,79 g/l, p<0,01) by 2,2 times, elevation of Ig G level by 10 times (145, 91 ± 53,04 g/l, p< 0,01), slightly higher than the reference values IgE level. In addition, increased IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, γ-IFN, TNF-α, Neopterin levels were detected. The level of Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was significantly different compared to the control group (0,62 ± 0,57 vs. 1,98 ± 0,30 mIU/ ml, p< 0,01), but within the reference values.
Conclusions: Predominance of Gram-negative bacteria in the nasopharyngeal microflora of patients along with elevated inflammatory markers and lactop¬eroxydase enzyme predominance was detected in the study.
Wilno – miasto paradoksów
Authors: Przepiórka Paulina
Published: December 2023

The article is a review of the script for students Literary Vilnius in 1905–1939 by Irena Fedorowicz and Teresa Dalecka. The publication consists of two theoretical parts and an anthology. The book introduces the history of Vilnius in 1905–1939 and presents initiatives undertaken by the local literary and artistic circles in the discussed period, moreover, it discusses the pre-war heritage of the Stefan Batory University.
Professional Development of Teaching Staff in the Issues of Education and Socialization of Students Using the Resources of the Urban Environment
Authors: Antonov Nikolay V. , Goncharuk Svetlana Y. , Ivanova Olga A.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the practice of professional development of the director's advisers on education and interaction with children's public associations, an analysis of foreign and domestic approaches, models, practices and programs of professional development of pedagogical and managerial personnel in the issues of education and socialization of students, including using the resources of the urban environment. In the course of the study, various groups of methods were used, including the method of comparative analysis of normative, legal documents; analysis, systematization and generalization of the data obtained; complex analysis, classification and structuring of information and statistical data; modeling method; generalization of research results. As a result, model solutions have been developed and theoretically substantiated for the professional development of pedagogical and managerial personnel, including advisers to the director for education and interaction with children's public associations, in matters of education and socialization of students. It should be noted that one of the conceptual ideas that is reflected in almost all countries is the idea of continuity and individualization of professional development of teachers in the field of education and socialization of students. It should be noted that one of the conceptual ideas that is reflected in almost all countries is the idea of continuity and individualization of professional development of teachers in the field of education and socialization of students. Continuous professional development of teachers, including advisers to the Director of education and interaction with children's public associations, is carried out through the integration of formal and non-formal education, as well as through self-education and self-development. Teachers, advisers to the director of education should be able to design a socio-cultural educational environment for the upbringing and positive socialization of students, while including socio-cultural objects and resources in educational practice.
Teacher’s Professional Qualifications in Terms of Competency Model Pedagogical Growth
Authors: Danko Yuri V. , Sheremeta Ekaterina I.
Published: December 2023

The paper considers the system of professional qualifications for teachers of subject education and defines the most important criterion for obtaining a higher pedagogical education. As part of the implementation of the structural model of teacher education, bachelor's and master's programs are distinguished. Each level is an independent system, but in unity, they form a model of a complete higher pedagogical education. This study established the pedagogical model of professional growth of a bachelor's graduate at the formal and non-formal levels of education, and the pedagogical trajectory of a graduate of a master's program determined the deepening of qualifications and work in higher education. The results of this study indicate a clear system of qualification levels, however, at the level of its content – professional competence – there is no single description of its constituent competencies. In the context of the competence-based approach to teaching implemented in higher education, pedagogical and methodological competence for a teacher of any qualification, as well as research competence for a master's degree graduate, are defined as a key component of pedagogical qualification. Based on the analysis of previous studies of teacher training under the conditions of a competency-based model, regulations and standards, the previously defined competencies were identified as basic ones. The development of the basic competencies of a teacher is determined by the system of professional growth and, within the framework of the “lifelong learning” model, forms a system of continuous teacher education. The system of professional growth in this study is determined by the qualifications achieved and depends on the education system: for a teacher of secondary education, the model for improving pedagogical skills through obtaining qualification categories is determined as the basis, and for a teacher of higher education, obtaining an academic degree, title and professional growth by position is available. Lifelong education for a teacher in this study also depends on the level: in secondary education – an increase in the level of pedagogical and methodological activities, and in higher education – an increase in the level of scientific and pedagogical activity throughout the entire period of professional activity.
Motivational Readiness of Cadets in the Universities Under the Emergencies Ministry of Russia to Perform Their Professional Tasks
Authors: Karapuzikov Alexander A. , Muraev Nikolay P.
Published: December 2023

The article describes the study of motivational readiness of cadets of Russian EMERCOM universities to perform professional tasks. The paper identifies the main factors of motivation, which influence the level of cadets' readiness to perform the tasks of professional activity. In addition, the authors also analyze various methods and means that can be used to increase the motivation of cadets in the educational institution, including organizational measures, training and encouragement. The purpose of the article is to analyze and identify the key factors that influence the motivation and readiness of students to study disciplines, especially in the context of education in universities of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations. The authors note that such studies are important not only for specialized educational institutions of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations, but also for any other university implementing educational programs in the specialty of fire and technosphere safety. The article also presents the results of the research conducted among the cadets of Russian EMERCOM universities aimed at studying the main factors of motivation and readiness to perform professional tasks. The interrelation of motivation and readiness for learning at all stages of the educational process is analyzed. In the conclusion the authors summarize and conclude that motivational readiness to perform professional tasks is the most important element of an effective educational process. The article will be useful for researchers and teachers dealing with the problems of motivation and professional readiness, as well as for cadets and fire safety professionals who are interested in increasing their motivation and readiness for professional tasks, as well as those who are interested in increasing the motivation and readiness of students to study any topic.
Development of Leadership Competencies: From the Experience of the Yugra International 2023 Forum
Authors: Kondratieva Victoria B. , Moroz Oksana Ya. , Saprynskaya Daria V.
Published: December 2023

The article provides an overview of the most interesting practices when working with foreign students as part of the development of their leadership competencies. The authors pay special attention to the problem of intercultural dialogue in the foreign language environment of students in Russia and technological solutions for establishing interaction between students. The published materials are the result of the Forum of Student Leaders of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Area-Yugra “Yugra International 2023” and are of a recommendatory nature both for various forum campaigns and for direct work with foreign students.
Preparing Counselors at University for Worк in Children Camps in Inclusive Education
Authors: Linker Gulnara R. , Kruglikova Galina G. , Salavatova Asil M.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of the problem of training counselors at a university to work with children, including those with special educational needs, in a children's camp in the context of inclusive education. The article describes international and domestic approaches to inclusive education, the goals and problems of its development in pedagogical science and practice at the present stage, and presents approaches to defining the category of children with special educational needs. A description of the content of the recommended program of the module “Fundamentals of Leader Activities” (MPGU, 2018), the goals of the program, the main sections reflecting current issues of organizing individual and joint activities of children, including those with special educational needs, in a children’s camp are presented, and an analysis of the programs is also carried out training of counselors in universities in relation to the purpose of the study, taking into account the main approaches to determining the categories of children with special educational needs. The authors of the article present the experience of developing a work program for the discipline “Fundamentals of Leader Activities” based on the recommended program of the module “Fundamentals of Leader Activities” at Moscow State Pedagogical University (2018), describe a fragment of the work program, indicators for achieving general professional competence developed by the university, describe an example of an assessment tool for the work program and criteria for its evaluation. The prospects for the research are to develop the problem of organizing psychological, pedagogical, socio-pedagogical support for children with special educational needs in a children's camp, to develop methodological complexes for organizing joint and individual educational work with children in a children's camp in the conditions of inclusive education, taking into account general and specific educational needs various categories of vacationing pupils.
Formation of Russian Patriotism Among Migrant Teenagers Based on the Materials of Advanced Training Courses of the Federal State Educational Institution “Academy of the Ministry of Education of Russia”
Authors: Mansurova Svetlana E. , Silantieva Tatyana A.
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the study lies in the fact that in recent decades a large number of labor migrants have been arriving on the territory of the Russian Federation. Some of them move to Russia with their children. Will the new place of residence for migrant teenagers become a new homeland? Will they be able to become patriots of Russia? How can educational organizations carry out work on the formation of patriotic education among migrant adolescents? How can a teacher prepare for the formation of patriotic education of migrant teenagers? The modern system of additional professional pedagogical education offers teachers a wide variety of professional development programs, including the formation of patriotic education. FSAOU DPO “Academy of the Ministry of Education of Russia” maintains a federal register of additional professional training programs, which contains about 2,100 programs. A large proportion of programs are devoted to the topic of education and, in particular, are aimed at improving the professional competencies of teaching staff in the formation of patriotic education among students. The article considers the program of the Federal State Educational Educational Institution “Academy of the Ministry of Education of Russia” “School of modern teacher (subject): achievements of Russian science” (60 hours). Its purpose is to improve the professional competencies of teachers in the field of formation of personal results of students – the values of scientific knowledge, civic understanding of the role of Russian science, patriotic attitude to the achievements of Russian scientists. The categories of students in these programs are teachers of Russian language and literature, history and social studies, biology, geography, physics, chemistry, mathematics and computer science. Each subject has its own program. The program consists of two parts: basic and subject-methodical. The basic part of the program contains a module dedicated to the study of the state symbols of the Russian Federation. It reflects the issues of the main functions of the state symbols of the Russian Federation, the main milestones in the history of the coat of arms, anthem and flag of the Russian Federation. Knowledge, ideas about Russian symbols, and embedded in the materials of the module, represent the basis for the formation of a respectful attitude towards it. Further, the authors describe the subject-methodical part of the PC program Patriotic education is embedded in every school lesson and the materials of the PC programs show us scientific achievements in a particular subject, upon familiarization with which patriotism is formed. Thus, the materials of the advanced training programs “School of a modern teacher (subject): achievements of Russian science” can be used to form Russian patriotism among migrant adolescents.
Trends in water quality and assessment of vegetation community structure in association with declining mangroves: A condition assessment of American Memorial Park
Authors: Raikow David , Gross Jacob , McCutcheon Amanda , Farahi Anne
Published: December 2023

American Memorial Park (AMME) in Saipan contains a rare mangrove wetland that is known to support several endangered species. Through monitoring water quality and vegetation characteristics of the wetland for >10 years we documented a declining mangrove population, an increase in invasive plant species, and declining surface water salinity. Comprehensive surveys conducted in 2014 and 2019 quantified declines in the plant community observed by park staff. Surface water salinity declined from 2009 to 2018 and no other trend in surface water quality was observed. Over the time period of the present study, AMME experienced shifts in annual rainfall conditions that could be associated with ENSO cycles. Dry conditions beginning in late 2016 and continuing through mid-2018 resulted in some surface water sampling sites completely drying. Several stressors may have contributed to declines in mangroves adapted to saturated soils directly and allowed competing plants to proliferate, including disruption of hydrologic connectivity with marine waters resulting in reduced surface water salinity, reduced rainfall causing dry soil conditions, and physical storm damage to canopies. Recommendations include study of groundwater salinity, maintaining or modifying a culvert subject to filling with sediment or other excavation work to improve saline water flow to the wetland at high tides, the establishment of a new groundwater monitoring well, adding a surface water monitoring station near the culvert, conducting a spatial assessment of the mangrove habitat suitability within the mangrove wetland, and developing or assisting with mangrove interpretive and outreach programs.
Study of injury of loose material of agro-industrial production by working bodies of flexible screw conveyors
Authors: Adamchuk V. V. , Bulgakov V. М. , Holovach І. V. , Ruzhylo Z. V. , Trokhaniak О. М.
Published: December 2023

Purpose. Determination of the rational parameters of the process of transportation by the working bodies of flexible screw conveyors with the least trauma to the loose material of agro-industrial production.
Methods. The methods of probability theory, mathematical statistics and regression analysis were used for research. Experimental studies of injury of loose material of agro-industrial production depending on the mass of the flexible working body, its rotation frequency and the height of lifting the material.
Results. In order to determine the injury of loose material, an experimental setup was developed to study the process of material transportation by flexible wire conveyors. When conducting a multifactorial experiment to determine the injury of loose material of agro-industrial production by the working body of a flexible screw conveyor, the variable factors were: the mass of 1 m of the working body m, the frequency of rotation of the flexible working body n, and the height of lifting the material h. Based on the results of experimental studies, appropriate regression equations and response surfaces were constructed to establish the influence of controlled factors on the injury of loose material of agro-industrial production. The obtained regression equation can be used to determine the injury of grain Y during transportation by a flexible screw conveyor with a sectional working body.
Conclutions
1. The method of conducting experimental studies of injury of loose material of agro-industrial production by the working bodies of a flexible screw conveyor has been developed.
2. It was established that the mass of the working body has the maximum influence on the injury of loose material. The next in intensity of influence is the frequency of rotation of the working body. The height of the unloading main has the least significant influence.
3. However experimental studies were conducted for the maximum lifting height of the unloading line h = 1.8 m, which is sufficient for loading machine planters. With a further increase in the value of h, there is a significant increase in the coefficient of filling with the material of the flexible casing, which will obviously lead to more significant damage to the material.
Keywords: transportation, loose material of agro-industrial production, flexible screw working body.
Analytical insights of the effects of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on SRAS-CoV-2 Dynamic with Application to West African Data
Authors: Traore Kassifou , Houenou Djideme F. , Glèlè Kakaï Romain
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic was caused by the rapid spread of a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) worldwide. COVID-19 pandemic mitigation measures caused significant social and economic disruption, especially in regions with weak economic and fragile healthcare systems like West Africa. Therefore, accurate knowledge of the impact of these measures on its dynamics is important in decision-making. In this study, we formulated and used a deterministic compartmental model, considering two sub-classes of susceptible individuals (S1 and S2), where S1 is the population living around the epicenter of the epidemic and S2 is the population living far from the epicenter of the epidemic. The aim was to (i) theoretically assess the impact of measures reducing the transmission rate of the disease (ψ) on the epidemic dynamics and (ii) analyze the impact of measures reducing the probability of contact between infected and susceptible individuals (detection and isolation rates, θap, θs) on the epidemic dynamics. We determined the expressions of the basic and control reproduction numbers and studied the sensitivity and elasticity of the control reproduction number with respect to ψ, θap, θs, and heterogeneity factor, k(S1/S2). Application to the COVID-19 first-wave data from West Africa revealed that the basic reproduction number was 1.85. Moreover, the results indicated that a 50% reduction in the transmission rate of COVID-19 or the detection and isolation of 10% of infected individuals per day should help to reach the peak of the epidemic. Furthermore, a 100% increase in the heterogeneity factor induces a 16% increase in the control reproduction number when θap = 0.15 and a 14% increase in the control reproduction number when θap = 0.6. These conclusions could help design control measures to curtail future epidemics.
Sub-internal Limiting Membrane Hemorrhage Caused by Heavy Physical Activity
Authors: Vera Sumual  , Nursalim Ade John , Andrew Chietra
Published: December 2023

Sub-internal limiting membrane (sub-ILM) hemorrhage, a rare ocular condition, poses a challenge in ophthalmology due to its association with severe visual impairment. This case report presents a 27-year-old male with a sub-ILM hemorrhage following intense physical activity. Despite unsuccessful Nd:YAG laser treatments, vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling resulted in a remarkable improvement in visual acuity from hand movement to 6/6 within the first day post-surgery. The fundus photograph and OCT findings illustrated restored macular anatomy, highlighting the positive outcomes of surgical intervention.
Book review: "Alexandria Antiqua: A topographical catalogue and reconstruction" by Amr Abdo, Archaeopress 2022
Authors: Majcherek Grzegorz
Published: December 2023

Anyone involved in archaeological research of Alexandria will welcome this latest publication with great interest. Following in the wake of Stefan Riedel’s Die Basileia von Alexandria. Topographisch-urbanistische untersuhungen Zum Ptölemaisch Königsviertel (Brepols, 2020) is this new study of the topography of Alexandria which covers both the city and its suburban districts. Appearing almost 30 years after Barbara Tkaczow’s The topography of ancient Alexandria (archaeological map) (Warsaw, 1993), Amr Abdo’s book brings an excellent opportunity to reflect on and take stock of recent achievements in the field.
مادة (فَرَضَ) واشتقاقاتها في القرآن الكريم دراسة دلالية من خلال كتاب (تأويلات أهل السُّنة) للمَاتُرِيدِي (333هـ)
Authors: عبد الكريم منصور , حمد ميرة
Published: December 2023

يتناول هذا البحثُ مادةَ (فَرَضَ) ومشتقاتها في الاستعمال القرآني في محاولة لفهم معنى اللفظة ودلالاتها المختلفة باستقرائها في القرآن الكريم من خلال مواطن ورودها، ووصف صيغها التي وردت بها، وتحليلها من أجل الوصول إلى معانيها في سياقاتها من خلال تفسير (تأويلات أهل السنة) للماتُريدي، وكان من أهداف هذا البحث إظهار جزء من الجانب اللغوي عند الماتريدي من خلال تأويلاته، ويمكننا إيجاز نتائج البحث في النقاط التالية:

أن مادة (فَرَضَ) واشتقاقاتها في القرآن الكريم جاءت ثماني عشرة مرة على خمسة أبنية في سبع سور من القرآن.

أنها جاءت على صيغة اسم الفاعل (فَارِض) مرة واحدة للدلالة على التقدُّم في السن، وجاء على صيغة اسم المفعول (مَفْرُوض) مرتين للدلالة على معنى المعلوم البيِّن، وأُخرى بصيغة الصفة المشبهة: فَعِيلَة (فَرِيضَة) بمعنى مفعول ستَّ مرات للدلالة على الوجوب.

أنها جاءت على صيغة الفعل الماضي المبني للمعلوم المتصل بالضمائر أربع مرات: مرة للدلالة على معنى الوجوب، ومرة للدلالة على معنى الوجوب ومعنى (نَزَّلَ)، ومرة للدلالة معنى الحِلِّ ومعنى البيان، وكذلك جاءت بمعنى الإباحة والسَّعة.

أنها جاءت على صيغة الفعل الماضي المبني للمعلوم المتصل بالضمائر أربع مرات:

-جاءت متصلة بـ (تاء) الفاعل مرتين للدلالة على معنى التسمية المعلومة للصداق.

-جاءت متصلة بـ (نا) الدالة على الفاعلين مرة واحدة للدلالة على معنى الوجوب والبيان.

- جاءت متصلة بـ (نا) الدالة على الفاعلين و(ها) الغائب (وَفَرَضْنَاهَا)، مرة واحدة للدلالة على خمسة معانٍ: التكثير، والتفصيل، الإلزام، والبيان، والنزول.

أنها جاءت على صيغة المضارع المبني للمعلوم مقرونًا بحرف المضارعة (التاء) متصلًا بـ (واو) الجماعة مرة واحدة للدلالة على معنى التسمية المعلومة للصداق.
حظر استخدام المرتزقة في القانون الدولي العام
Authors: محمود بسمة
Published: December 2023

في الآونة الأخيرة يتردد على مسامع الكثير منا مصطلح المرتزقة المستخدم في النزاعات الدولية، ولم يعد هذا مصطلحاً فحسب ، بل أصبح ظاهرةً ، وهي ليست من الظواهر الحديثة كما يظن البعض، فظاهرة المرتزقة قديمة، ولكن تطورت وأصبح لها دور كبير على قلب وترجيح موازين القوى بين الأطراف المتحاربة، وهذا راجع إلى طبيعة النشاط الذي يقوم به المرتزقة في ساحات القتال ، وللتدريب الذي يتلقاه هؤلاء .

ومن هنا فإن مشكلة الدراسة سوف تتركز على التعريف بالمرتزقة وفقاً للاتفاقيات الدولية ، والبحث في خطر استخدام المرتزقة في النزاعات الدولية من عدمه وفقاً للقانون الدولي المنحصر في الاتفاقيات الدولية والإقليمية.

أما الهدف من الدراسة فهو التوسع في دراسة هذه الظاهرة ، وإبراز أهم الجهود الدولية للحد منها والسيطرة عليها وذلك من خلال دراسة وتحليل الاتفاقيات التي تطرقت لهذا الموضوع، وبيان ما إذا كانت هذه الاتفاقيات كافية للحد من انتشار هذه الظاهرة ، أم هناك جهود أكبر كان ينبغي على المجتمع الدولي اتخاذها.

وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج اهمها، إن الحراك الدولي بطيء جداً مقابل توسع هذه الجريمة، إذ أن مجهود المجتمع الدولي لا يتعدى ثلاث أو أربع اتفاقيات تبحث بشكل متخصص موضوع المرتزقة، وأن هذه الاتفاقيات مازالت يشوبها النقص، فهي لم تنص صراحة في موادها على الصفة الإجرامية لهذه الأفعال والعقوبة المحدد لها وعلى من تقع مسؤولية أفعالهم.

والمنهج المستخدم في هذه الدراسة للوصول إلى الهدف هو المنهج التحليلي ، الذي يستخدم في تحليل مواد ونصوص الاتفاقيات الدولية.
سيميائية الخطاب الشعري قراءة في ديوان حميد بن ثور الهلالي
Authors: عمران فتحية
Published: December 2023

يقدم هذا البحث قراءة تحليلية من منظور سيميائي لشعر حميد بن ثور الهلالي، تستكشف الأبعاد السيميائية، والمرتكزات الدلالية في خطابه الشعري، على مستوى العنوان، ثم على مستوى بنية  الخطاب في مكوناته المختلفة (الصوت، والصرف، والتركيب، والمعجم)، وترصد دلالاته العميقة التي تختبئ وراء بنى التكرار، والتماثل، والتضاد. وقد اتشح خطاب الشاعر في عمومه بغلالة من الرمز والإيحاء، نسجت خيوطها مع عتبة الاستهلال في قصائده، وارتبطت بها، وحملت أبعادا سيميائية أومأت إلى دلالات المتن العميقة، وعبرت عن معان لم يكن بمقدوره التصريح بها، تمثلت في اشتياق وحنين ، وهيام وأنين، وبكاء حزين ظل طي الكلمات، وفي عمق التراكيب والعبارات. واستطاع بقدرة فائقة أن يشحن خطابه الشعري بتلك الرموز على مستوى الأصوات والألفاظ، والتراكيب والدلالات .
مقاصد الرخص الشرعية
Authors: غيضان عبدالسلام
Published: December 2023

تعد الرخص الشرعية استثناء من الحكم الأصلي العزيمة لأن العزيمة حكم ابتدائي والرخصة حكم استثنائي، ولكن ليتم الدخول في الرخص الشرعية بشكل صحيح وتتأتى مقاصدها وغاياتها ولتكون متفقة مع قصد الشارع يجب أن تتوافر للرخص أسباب كما يجب أن تتوافر لها شروط وضوابط، كل ذلك لأن الرخص الشرعية هي خروج عن الحكم الأصلي، كما أن الرخص الشرعية أنواع منها الحقيقي ومنها المجازي ومنها الواجبة ومنها المباحة ومنها المندوبة ومنها خلاف الأولى، إلاّ أن جميعها تشترك في التخفيف والتيسير عن المكلفين ودفع المشقة ورفع الحرج عنهم، كما للرخص الشرعية كونها أحكاماً لها مقاصدها وغاياتها ومصالحها التي جاءت لتحقيقها مثلها في ذلك مثل الأحكام الأصلية التي هي العزيمة، وذلك لأن في الأخذ بالرخص الشرعية حال توافر أسبابها وشروطها وضوابطها؛ موافقة قصد الشارع وفي عدم الأخذ بها وهذه الحال مخالفة  لقصده وإلاّ كان تشريع الرخص عبث وبلا فائدة أو مقصد وذاك منزه عنه سبحانه وتعالى، فكان في الأخذ بالرخص الشرعية تحقيقاً لمقاصد الشريعة وسيراً في طريق المحافظة على قصد الشارع لأن في الترخص حماية للضروريات كما يحقق الترخص مقاصد عامة ومقاصد خاصة، ولكن يجب الموازنة بين الأخذ بالرخص الشرعية والمحافظة على الأحكام الأصلية وذلك لأن الاخذ بالترخص في كل حال ولأي سبب يخرجها عن مقاصدها وغاياتها وأهدافها ويبدد  مقاصد الأحكام الأصلية ويفرغها من مصالحها في الجملة، ولذا كان على المجتهد والمكلف على حد سواء الموازنة بين المحافظة على مقاصد العزائم كونها شرعت ابتداءً وبين مقاصد الرخص الشرعية كونها شُرعت استثناءً فلا إفراط ولا تفريط.
مهارات الإدارة الصفية لدى معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية في منطقة سيدي خليفة
Authors: سعد علي د. فاطمة , مصباح سليمان أ. منى
Published: December 2023

هدفت الدراسة معرفة مستوى ممارسة مهارات الإدارة الصفية لدى معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية في منطقة سيدي خليفة, ومعرفة إذا ما كان هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في تحديد مستوى مهارات الإدارة الصفية لدى معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية في منطقة سيدي خليفة وفقا لمتغير النوع، أيضا معرفة إذا ما كان هناك علاقة ارتباطية بين مستوى ممارسة مهارات الإدارة الصفية لدى معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية في منطقة سيدي خليفة وسنوات خبرتهم، واعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي, وسُحبت عينة عشوائية من مجتمع الدراسة بلغ قوامها(137) معلم ومعلمة من مدارس المرحلة الابتدائية بمنطقة سيدي خليفة خلال العام الدراسي(2021/2022), ولجمع بيانات الدراسة تم استخدام أداة الاستبيان, وقد أظهرت النتائج أن: مستوى مهارات الإدارة الصفية لدى معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية بمنطقة سيدي خليفة جاءت عالية؛ كما بينت عدم وجود فروق تعزى لمتغير النوع في تحديد مستوى مهارات الإدارة الصفية لدى معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية بمنطقة سيدي خليفة، كما أظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباطية طردية موجبة عند مستوى دلالة 0.005 في مستوى مهارات ممارسة الإدارة الصفية لدى معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية بمنطقة سيدي خليفة وسنوات خبرتهم المهنية.
Wound treatment Q-switched Nd: YAG Laser tattoo removal rat model by Photobiomodulation Therapy PBMT
Authors: A.A. Imrigha Dr. Nada , Bidin Dr.  Noriah , Suan Lau Dr. Pik , Bakhtiar Dr.  Hazri
Published: December 2023

The Q-switched laser method is the most effective method of tattoo removal compared to other methods of i.e. chemical, mechanical and surgical. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of Nd:YAG laser to remove the tattoo and also to utilize 808 nm diode laser to enhance the wound healing at post-treatment. Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm is applied to remove tattoo pigment with different energy fluencies. Additionally, 808 nm diode laser will be applied on wound created after tattoo removal to enhance the healing process. More than 15 Sprague Dawley rats will be involved and tattooed with black inks on their back by a tattoo gun. A single session treatment is use in the energy about 400mj for tattoo removal. The exposure to diode laser treatment will be conducted daily. The experimental observation will be hold for 9 days, and 5 rats from each group will be sacrificed on day 3, 6 and 9 respectively. The skin biopsy will be removed for H&E and Masson’s trichrome histology examination. The effect of tattoo removal and healing progress of skin analyzed via photothermal.. The preliminary findings of this study indicate that 1064 nm wavelengths of Q-switched Nd-YAG laser treatment with 400mj pulse energy exhibit significant progress of black tattoo removal.
Enterobacter aerogenes Lipase immobilized on ion exchange resin D152 as a supportive carrier
Authors: Matuoog Dr: Naeema , A. Alteerah Dr: Munay , Elsharif Dr: Nariman
Published: December 2023

Enterobacter aerogenes  Lipase used in this study was heterologously expressed by Pichia pastoris. D152, D152H, D151H, D113, 724), three types of anion resins ( D380, D 301R, D311) and two types of chelating r activities of the immobilized ( EAL). According to the results, D152 was selected for haydrolysis activity as the immobilized enzyme (EAL) . The D152 was selected for hydrolysis activity since the immobilized lipase exhibited the highest specific hydrolysis activity. Immobilization conditions (enzyme loading, immobilization time, temperature, and pH value) .  The best results  were  enzyme loading 4mg/g, time 80min, temperature 30°C, and buffer pH 8; and under the optimized conditions the immobilization efficiency was 95% and the specific activity was 532841.34 U/g.esins (D401, D418) were sieved as support matrix. Hydrolysis assay was employed to evaluate the specific.
Clinical presentation of Celiac disease among Libyan children : The effect of Exclusive Breastfeeding
Authors: Raja Alfakhri  , Amal Alfakhri  , Soad Gargoum
Published: December 2023

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic small intestinal immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by exposure to dietary gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. It is claimed that prolonged breastfeeding is associated with a reduced incidence of symptomatic disease or alteration of its classical presentation. Aims, to explore the effect of  EBE during the first 6 months of life on the presentation of celiac disease. Case series study was adopted, the sample was collected from Gastroentrology clinic of Benghazi Pediatric Hospital between 1st November 2011 up to April 2012. The data was collected using a validated questionnaire, Libyan children with proven intestinal biopsy were exclusively included. The data were entered into SPSS version 21. A sample of 100 child with mean age 10.5 years ( ± 4.45 years), 29% male and 71 % female, 37% have positive family history, age of symptoms extends from 4 months to 15 years. The duration of exclusive breastfeeding varies between few days to 18 months, earlier age of starting of gluten was 2 months. At diagnosis the most frequent symptoms were diarrhea and short stature (30% and 25% respectively). Age of diagnosis and mode of presentation do not significantly varies between the breastfed and other children. EBF has no significant correlation neither with age of disease symptoms, age of diagnosis nor with type of disease presentation. Conclusions, The results suggest that EBF does not modify CD in its presentation, neither the age of symptoms nor the age of diagnosis, the sample of this study presented more frequently with diarrhea and short stature.
السياحة في ليبيا ومتطلبات تنميتها دراسة تحليلية باستخدام نموذج بورتر للقوى الخمسة
Authors: بن سعود رحاب محمد
Published: December 2023

تشكل ليبيا كتلة جذب سياحي رئيسية مرشحة لتكون مركز الجذب الأول على خريطة السياحة العالمية فهي بموقعها الجغرافي الاستراتيجي تحتل موقع القلب وهمزة الوصل بين قارات العالم.  وبالرغم من الأهمية المتزايدة للقطاع السياحي في العديد من الدول، إلا أنه في ليبيا لم يرقى إلى المستوى  الذي يكفل بلوغ الأهداف المرجوة منه وبقيت إنجازاته محدودة إذا ما قارناها بالبلدان المجاورة.

 تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على خصائص القطاع السياحي الليبي والمعوقات التي تقف في طريق تنميته وتقدمه من أجل الوصول إلى مجموعة من التوصيات التي من شأنها  الإسهام في تنمية هذا القطاع ، لما يشكله من أهمية في تنمية القطاعات الاقتصادية الأخرى ،  إذ إن استمرارية هذا القطاع يشكل مورداً لا ينضب خلافاً للنفط. ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة  اتُبعَ المنهجان الوصفي والتحليلي.

تكمن أهمية الدراسة في كونها الأولى من نوعها–على حد علم الباحثتين- التي تستخدم نموذج القوى الخمسة لبورتر  في تحليل تنافسية قطاع خدمي وهو  القطاع السياحي في ليبيا.         حيث جرت العادة على استخدام هذا النموذج في تفسير مستوى تنافسية القطاعات الصناعية.

 إن من أهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة عدم وجود استقرار أمني وسياسي واقتصادي أثر سلباً على القطاع السياحي ، أيضاً هيمنة الدولة على النشاط الاقتصادي ،                                         الذي تسبب في ضعف القطاع الخاص وترتب عليه انخفاض تنافسية القطاع السياحي الليبي  على المستوى الداخلي والإقليمي والدولي. وبناءً عليه أوصت الدراسة بالعمل على توفير الأمن والاستقرار السياسي و تقليص دور الدولة في النشاط الاقتصادي وتشجيع الخصخصة علاجاً للخلل في الهياكل الاقتصادية.
أخلاقيات الوظيفة وعلاقتها بفاعلية إدارة الصراع التنظيمي: دراسة ميدانية على ديوان بلدية بنغازي
Authors: بشير محمد العبار
Published: December 2023

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على مستوى أخلاقيات الوظيفة وأبعادها   ( احترام القوانين والأنظمة و احترام الوقت و الـسرية و تحمل المسؤولية و التعاون و اللباقة وحسن المعاملة)، وعلاقتها بفاعلية إدارة الصراع التنظيمي بديوان بلدية بنغازي ، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة اتبع الباحث منهجي : دراسة الحالة والمنهج الوصفي التحليلي، واستخدم استمارة الاستبيان كأداة رئيسية في تجميع البيانات    وقد تكون مجتمع الدراسة من جميع مديري الإدارات العليا والوسطى والتنفيذية البالغ عددهم(54) مديراً،  قام الباحث بدراسته بالكامل باستخدام أسلوب الحصر الشامل كما استخدم برنامج الحزم الإحصائية (SPSS) في تحليل البيانات، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى العديد من النتائج، أهمها : أن مستوى أخلاقيات الوظيفة    و درجة فاعلية إدارة الصراع التنظيمي قد كانا مرتفعين، وكذلك وجود علاقة طردية ذات دلالة إحصائية  بين أخلاقيات الوظيفة بأبعادها وفاعلية إدارة الصراع التنظيمي، كما كشفت الدراسة عن عدم وجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين بــُعدي ( احترام الوقت و تحمل المسؤولية) وفاعلية إدارة الصراع التنظيمي  وأخيراً قدمت الدراسة مجموعة من التوصيات التي قد تساهم بتعزيز دور أخلاقيات الوظيفة في زيادة فاعلية إدارة الصراع التنظيمي بديوان بلدية بنغازي.
في سلسلة أسعار النفط الخام (برنت) خلال الثورات العربية 2011-2015 ( Volatility ) بناء نموذج لتفسير سلوك التقلبات
Authors: عادل محمد الشركسي
Published: December 2023

تهدف هذه الورقة إلى  بناء نموذج إحصائي باستخدام عائلة GARCH يكون قادراً على تفسير سلوك التذبذبات والتقلبات (Volatility) وحركتها للأسعار اليومية للنفط الخام (برنت) خلال الفترة من يناير 2011 الى ديسمبر 2015، واستُخْدمت نماذج GARCH لأنها قادرة على الأخذ في الاعتبار الأرباح (Returns) والتقلبات (Volatility)،   التي تعتبر قياساً للمخاطرة  خلال فترات التداول، في وقت واحد. وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن أفضل نموذج يفسر هذه التقلبات أو التذبذب هو نموذج  [1]TGARCH(1,1,1) مع تأثير لافراج (Leverage Effect) موجب وهذا يدل على أن العلاقة بين الأرباح والتقلبات علاقة عكسية مما يعني أن الأخبار السيئة (Bad News) تؤثر بشكل أكبر على أسعار النفط من الأخبار الجيدة (Good News)