bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved the in-Situ Remediation Effect of Sediment Microbial Fuel Cells by Optimizing the Anode Structure
Authors: Li Henan , Liu Guohong , Li Chao , Sun Yongli , Feng Yujie
Published: November 2021

Six 60-L benthic microbial electrochemical systems (BMES) were built for the bioremediation of river sediment. Carbon mesh anodes with honeycomb-structure supports were compared with horizontal anodes, and the system was tested using different cover depths and anode densities. The pollutant removal, electricity generation, and electrochemistry of the six BMES with different anodes was examined using the Ashi River (Harbin, China) as a case study. Total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) removal from sediments in BMES with three-dimensional anodes were 20%~30% and 20%~33% higher for the other reactors. Moreover, the honeycomb-structure of the anode also resulted in higher power density and improved humus removal.
Downregulated ZC3H13 by miR-362-3p/miR-425-5p is Associated with Poor Prognosis and Adverse Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: wu shuang , Liu Shihai , Cao Yongxian , Geng Chao , Wang Peng , Pan Huazheng
Published: November 2021

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is notorious for its poor prognosis. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) related genes plays key roles in initiation and progression of several types of human cancer. However, the specific role and mechanism of m6A RNA modification in HCC remains not fully determined. Previous studies identified that several m6A-related genes, especially ZC3H13, could be a high candidate as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma. In liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), the low expression of ZC3H13 was reported but the molecular reason is unclear.Methods: Oncomine and GEPIA databases were used to explore the differential expression of ZC3H13 in multiple cancers. Kaplan–Meier plotter was selected to explore the prognostic value of ZC3H13. The GSCALite database was used to analyze the genetic variation of the m6A-related genes. StarBase was selected to predict and analysis of upstream miRNAs of ZC3H13. MiR-362-3p/miR-425-5p mimics and inhibitors results detected by Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis and western blotting. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified the potential regulatory mechanism of ZC3H13. In addition, we investigated the relationship between ZC3H13 and tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). Finally, we determined the expression correlation of ZC3H13 with biomarkers of immune cells in HCC using GEPIA database.Results: In this study, we found that ZC3H13 expression was significantly correlated with both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (RFS) in LIHC patients based on a comprehensive analysis of the m6A family. Our experimental results indicate that inhibiting miR-362-3p/miR-425-5p expression in the LIHC cell line significantly restored the expression of ZC3H13, which is consistent with bioinformatic studies. Further, we noticed that there is a possible relationship between ZC3H13 high expression and tumor microenvironment infiltrating immune cells.Conclusions: In conclusion, this study demonstrates that ZC3H13 is a direct target of miR-362-3p/miR-425-5p in LIHC that regulates the immune modulations in the microenvironment of LIHC.
Attitudes Toward Posthumous Assisted Reproduction in China: A Multi-Dimensional Survey
Authors: Huang Jiliang , Li Jue , Xiao Wanfen , Li Zhiling
Published: November 2021

Background

Professional legislation and ethics guidelines for posthumous assisted reproduction (PAR) are lacking in China. This study aims to measure the attitudes of the general public, IVF couples, and ART practitioners toward PAR in China.
Methods

A multi-dimensional survey was designed, and electronic questionnaires were used. General demographic data, reproductive viewpoints, attitudes toward PAR, interactive predictive attitudes in couples, and the legal attribute and disposition right of posthumous embryos were evaluated.
Results

The study found that the traditional Chinese viewpoints of fertility had changed. The approval rates for PAR were 79.10%, 55.32%, and 58.89%, respectively, in the general public, IVF couples, and ART practitioners. Most participants agreed that the psychological well-being of offspring should be prior considered before making a PAR decision (81.84%, 73.61%, and 76.98%, respectively). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age, marital status, and gender were common influencing factors while occupation, religion, and pregnancy history showed no support. Males and females showed similar predictive abilities for his/her partner’s attitudes toward PAR (57.87% for males, 61.12% for females). Intercouple agreement analysis showed that the consistent rate was 65.28% in the attitude toward PAR.
Conclusion

The findings suggested that the approval rate toward PAR was relatively high in China. Legislation and ethics guidelines for PAR maybe be considered in China. The psychological well-being of offspring should be considered before the PAR execution. Due to the huge regional and population differences in China, investigation of larger participants is necessary.
Exploration of the Amino Acid Metabolic Signature in Anthracycline-induced Cardiotoxicity Using an Optimized Targeted Metabolomics Approach Based on UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Li Wendi , Li Shanshan , Cao Zhenju , Sun Yi , Qiu Wei , Jia Mei , Su Ming
Published: November 2021

Background: Although anthracyclines improve the long-term survival rate of patients with cancer, severe and irreversible myocardial damage limits their clinical application. Amino acids (AAs) play critical roles in protein synthesis, energy generation, and metabolism, as well as maintenance of the normal structure of cardiomyocytes. Conversely, AA metabolism in cardiomyocytes can be altered under pathological conditions. Therefore, exploring the AA metabolic signature in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) is important for identifying novel mechanisms.Methods: We established mouse and cellular models of Adriamycin (ADR)-induced cardiac injury. Using a targeted AA metabolomics approach based on ultra-performance lipid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), we quantified more than 120 AA metabolites through derivatization-assisted sensitivity enhancement with 5-aminoisoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (5-AIQC). The AA metabolic signatures in the sera of AIC mice and supernatant samples of ADR-treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes were analyzed. Results: The levels of 14 AA metabolites were altered in ADR-treated mice (p < 0.05). l-2-aminoadipic acid (2-AA) was one of the most suppressed metabolites in AIC. Pre-treatment with 2-AA failed to alter ADR-induced cardiac function impairment, but it exacerbated the ADR-induced decrease of left ventricular anterior wall thickness, indicating that 2-AA might contribute to AIC. Via bioinformatics analysis, we identified nine differential AA metabolites in mice, namely l-glutamic acid, l-lysine, l-serine, l-tryptophan, l-methionine, l-histidine, l-asparagine, l-tyrosine, and O-phosphorylethanolamine, and five differential AA metabolites in ADR-treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes, specifically l-tyrosine, l-alanine, l-glutamine, l-serine, and l-glutamic acid. Three AAs with increased levels (l-glutamate, l-serine, and l-tyrosine) overlapped in the two models, suggesting a possible mechanism of AA metabolic impairment during AIC. The metabolic pathways perturbed by AIC involved aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Conclusions: These data indicate that a targeted AA metabolomics approach based on UPLC-MS/MS can be used to explore the AA metabolic signature and identify novel mechanisms of AIC, which may provide new clues for the prevention and treatment of this condition in the early clinical stage.
Successful Local Control With High-dose Palliative Radiation Therapy for Local Advanced Breast Cancer of Mucinous Carcinoma With Malignant Wound.
Authors: Ishikawa Yojiro , Umezawa Rei , Yamamoto Takaya , Takahashi Noriyoshi , Takeda Kazuya , Suzuki Yu , Jingu Keiichi
Published: November 2021

Background: Patients with breast cancer who refuse standard treatment often suffer from malignant wounds due to the growth of local tumors. However, treatment strategies for patients with unresectable locally advanced breast cancer who have refused standard treatment have been unclear.Case presentation: A 44-year-old female was diagnosed with breast cancer of mucinous carcinoma in the right breast. She refused standard treatment for her breast cancer for six years. She suddenly visited the emergency department because of acute bleeding from the right breast cancer with malignant wounds. Macroscopically, the tumor in the right breast measured over 20 cm in diameter. The tumor was exudative, exhibited ulceration and slight bleeding, and gave off an odor. Imaging findings showed multiple lymph node and bone metastases, and the final diagnosis was breast cancer of stage IV (cT4bN1M1). Although the surgeon recommended chemotherapy for the breast cancer, the patient refused to receive chemotherapy or other therapy due to concerns about complications during treatment. Considering the symptoms of advanced breast cancer with malignant wounds, she finally agreed to receive radiation therapy (RT). We performed RT of 70 Gy in 35 fractions over a period of 7 weeks. The tumor-associated symptoms were disappeared after RT. At three months after RT, the tumor had almost disappeared. We administered luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists after RT. At two years after RT, she died due to multiple liver metastases and appearance of ascites; however, there was no disease progression in the right breast.Conclusions: High-dose RT for local advanced breast cancer of MC with malignant wounds is therefore considered to be an effective therapeutic option.
A Computational Model of Melt Pool Morphology for Selective Laser Melting Process
Authors: Guo Kai , Qiao Lihong , Huang Zhicheng , Anwer Nabil , Cao Yuda
Published: November 2021

Selective laser melting (SLM) is a promising metal additive manufacturing technology, which holds widespread applications in numerous fields. Unfortunately, it is arduous to predict the real SLM part geometry, which impedes its further development. While the morphology of melt pool, influenced and determined by process parameters, poses a crucial influence on the overall part geometry. Nonetheless, the association between process parameters and melt pool morphology is still unclear. Hence it is indispensable to explore relevant solution to address this issue. For this purpose, this paper proposes a new model to directly establish the mathematical relationship between process parameters and melt pool structure for SLM process. In this model, the status of melt pool is first qualitatively analyzed via the defined synthetic process index, and three types of melting states are differentiated including low melting, intermediate melting and high melting, which could cover different melt pool modes. Then, the computational model involving more physical mechanisms integrating mass conversion, heat exchange and temperature field is constructed. Melt pool critical geometries including the height, width, depth and length could be computed through the model. In order to validate the correctness of the proposed model, published experimental observations and existing models are compared. Calculation results from the proposed model show high consistency with the experimental samples and better accuracy than existing empirical models. Its applicability in melt pool classification and prediction is also verified, laying foundation for geometric simulation of SLM object which is successively shaped melt-pool by melt-pool.
Design and Manufacturing of Low Relative Humidity Chamber for Laser Processing of Lithium Metal
Authors: Park Dongkyu , Lee Dongkyoung
Published: November 2021

In order to overcome the energy density limitations of lithium-ion batteries consisting of graphite anodes, studies on lithium metal batteries (LMBs) have been actively conducted. However, most LMBs related studies focus on suppressing the growth of unpredictable dendrites. Research for production processes has been rarely conducted. In the paper, laser processing is introduced to improve the drawback of conventional processing for Li metal. Moreover, a low humidity maintenance chamber is manufactured to prevent oxidation of Li metal during laser processing because Li metal easily reacts with moisture. The chamber has a closed space that does not allow outside air to enter, and a glass that allows the laser beam to pass through is installed at the upper part. In addition, silica gel is installed to maintain low relative humidity. The dew point inside the chamber drops to -17.4 ℃ in 1 hour. This result implies that the chamber can prevent Li metal oxidation. Next, we analyze the effect of transparent plate glass on laser beam with Gaussian distribution. Finally, it is confirmed through experiments that lithium metal is not contaminated by moisture during laser processing using a manufactured chamber.
Suitability of groundwater from the Kherzet Youcef lead-zinc deposit (North-eastern Algeria) for irrigation and drinking water supply
Authors: Souhila Cheddad , Abdelhamid Haouchine
Published: November 2021

As part of the hydrogeological study of the Kherzet Youcef deposit, a drilling battery was carried out. The objective of this achievement is the satisfaction of the water needs of the city of Ain Azel (drinking water supply, irrigation and industrial water supply) and even the transfer to other municipalities suffering by the lack of water and the resumption of mining activity at the deposit of Kherzet Youcef. This water table is located in carbonate formations of Paleo-Neogene age linked to lead-zinc mineralization. Knowledge of water quality and its suitability for human consumption is an obligation. These metals have adverse health effects. We used the results of Sonarem's analyses between 1973-1979. In addition, we carried out two analyses, during two years 2015 - 2016, on five boreholes. The parameters analyzed are major elements, physical parameters and trace metal elements (Zn, Pb and Fe). The analyses were done by ICP-AES. In our work, it has been shown that waste water is suitable for use in agriculture. For this we used the electrical conductivity at 25°C and those of the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). For drinking water supply, monitoring the change in TME (Zn, Pb and Fe) for two years has allowed us to conclude that groundwater in the groundwater table east of the Kherzet Youcef fault is generally acceptable. They are eligible by the quality standard set by Algerian regulations. However, they exceed WHO standards, especially for lead. We recommend a revision of drinking water quality standards set by Algerian regulations, rigorous monitoring of TME content variation and water treatment before distribution.
4-aminopyridine promotes accelerated skin wound healing
Authors: Mashanipalya Jagadeeshaprasad , Govindappa Prem Kumar , Nelson Amanda , Noble Mark , Elfar John
Published: November 2021

The discovery of ways to enhance skin healing is of great importance due to the frequency and severity of skin wounds. We discovered that 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a potassium channel blocker, greatly enhances skin wound healing. Benefits include faster wound closure, restoration of normal-appearing skin architecture and epidermal thickness, increased vascularization and increases in K14+ keratinocytes. Hair follicle number was increased, both histologically and by analysis of K15 and K17 expression. Levels of vimentin (which marks fibroblasts) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA, which marks collagen-producing myofibroblasts) increased, as did α-SMA+ cell numbers. 4-AP also increased numbers of axons and S-100+ Schwann cells, and increased expression of p75-NTR and SOX10. Treatment also increased levels of nerve growth factor, transforming growth factor-β, Substance P and PGP9.5, important modulators of wound healing. As 4-AP is already used for treatment of multiple sclerosis and other chronic neurological syndromes, it has strong potential for rapid translational development.
Survival of Microencapsulated Lactococcus Lactis Subsp. Lactis R7 Applied in Different Food Matrices
Authors: Rosolen Michele Dutra , Bordini Fernanda Weber , Luz Gabriela de Quadros da , Diaz Patrícia Silva , Conceição Fabricio Rochedo , Fiorentini Ângela Maria , Silva Wladimir Padilha da , Pieniz Simone
Published: November 2021

Survival of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis R7 microencapsulated with whey and inulin was analyzed when applied in blueberry juice, milk and cream. For 28 days, cell viability was evaluated for storage (4°C), simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and thermal resistance. All matrices described high cell concentration when submitted to GIT (11.74 and 12 log CFU.mL-1), except for blueberry juice. The thermal resistance analysis proved the need for microencapsulation, regardless of the food matrix. The results indicate that L. lactis R7 microcapsules have potential for application in different matrices and in the development of new probiotic products by thermal processing.
Behavioral And Psychiatric Health Problems In Iranian Students During The COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Talebi Mahdi , Sany Seyedeh Belin Tavakoly , Kiani Mohammad Ali , Layeghi Darab , Ghasemi Mehri , Taheri Maryam , Taheri Ahmad Reza , peyman Nooshin
Published: November 2021

Background: the study of behavioral and psychiatric health problems in space and time, can help to improve health services for adolescents and children by increasing understanding of causes, development, and course of psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to examine the behavioral and psychiatric status of adolescences during the pandemic to address the effect of the pandemic and isolation on adolescent behavioral and psychiatric health.Methods: This cross-sectional study has been carried out through cluster sampling design on 322 normal students aged 12-18 attending in public high and elementary school in Esfahan, Iran. They completed study instrument that included the 110-item the Child Symptom Inventory-4 (CSI-4) and those inquiring the students’ demographic information. Results: Findings showed that 58% students met criteria for all psychiatric symptoms except of the autism and Asperger’s disorders, and 39.5% suffered from more than one comorbid categories of psychiatric disorders. The most common psychiatric disorders in boys and girls were ADHD (18.5%), ODD (15%), ADHD-C (13.5%), GAD (12.8%), ADHD: HI (11.5), and MDD (10.8%). Conclusion: Most of students suffered from more than one co-morbid category of psychiatric disorders. It is better to develop effective strategies and interventions, train students about self-protection, and establish a psychological crisis intervention team to minimize the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Target E2F Family Gene PTTG1 for Prediction of Distant Relapse-Free Survival in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Taxane and Anthracycline-Based NACT
Authors: Xu Yu-hao , Du Yao-qiang , Zheng Qing-hui , Xu Qiu-ran , Meng Xuli
Published: November 2021

Background: The breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in recent years. The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) makes a significant contribution to chemotherapy in breast cancer. We aimed to develop the novel model as a predictor of distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) in breast cancer patients receiving taxane and anthracycline-based NACT.Methods: We collected the mRNA expression datasets of patients from GSE25055 and GSE25065 in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Univariate and Multivariate Cox Regression Analyses were conducted to achieve the prognostic genes that associated with DRFS. Moreover, the E2F target genes were obtained from GSEA. We obtained the intersection genes between the prognostic genes and E2F target genes, then validated in GSE32603 dataset. And we established a nomogram model based on PTTG1 expression level and several clinical characteristics.Results: There were 95 genes confirmed to be associated with DRFS both in GSE25055 and GSE25065. And PTTG1 was validated as a gene related to DRFS and associated with E2F target hallmark using GSEA analysis and chosen as our target gene. The AUC of PTTG1 model was 0.682 indicating a relatively poor prediction performance. Then a novel nomogram was conducted, the receiver operating characteristic (AUC=0.849), C-index (0.805) and calibration plots were applied to assess the effect of this model.Conclusion: Our study found that the E2F target genes, such as the PTTG1 may serve as a potential biomarker in breast cancer, and provided superior estimation of DRFS, which can guide the clinical practice in NACT of breast cancer.
Instegating Pne In Patient Of Algophobic Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: kulkarni Yash , Walimbe Vaibhavi , Mahajan Saurabh , Thorat Aniruddha , Chitapure Tajuddin
Published: November 2021

Chronic low back pain is the leading cause of disability and health care usage and is also a common condition requiring Physio therapeutic intervention. The most common symptom in musculoskeletal condition is pain. Pain which lasts for less than a 3 months is called as acute pain which last more is defined as chronic pain. Pain is a complex phenomenon involving both emotional and physical component. Current intervention and approaches are more physical component based which leads to treatment of just physical component. the emotional component usually leads to avoidance the avoidance can be because of fear of pain which is termed as algophobia Pain Neuroscience education is useful approaching treatment of emotional component of pain. pne approach includes explanation of pain using photos images videos or even verbally In this report a 65year-old female came with complaints of chronic low back pain for 6 months the p ain was present on the left side. Intervention used is pain neuroscience education to ­­chronic low back pain. The report represents the effectiveness of PNE with the conventional mode of treatment is useful in the treatment of chronic low back pain. The results demonstrated improvement in quality of life and reduced fear and catastrophization.
“Now we’ve all turned to Eating Processed Foods”: A Photovoice Study of the Food and Nutrition Security Implications of ‘Galamsey’ in Ghana
Authors: Nyantakyi-Frimpong Hanson , Christian Aaron Kobina , Ganle John , Aryeetey Richmond
Published: November 2021

Background: Small-scale mining, referred to as galamsey in Ghana, is an important source of income for many rural populations. Although concerns have been raised in the media about the significant threats galamsey poses to the environment, and human health and livelihoods, there is a representational paucity of evidence regarding its links with local food systems, particularly from the perspective of affected mining communities. The current study explored community perceptions and experiences of galamsey and its perceived effects on food security and livelihoods in the East Akyem Municipality in the Eastern region of Ghana. Methods: Primary data was collected in the East Akim District of Ghana, using photography, interviews based on the photographs, and a photo exhibition, all conducted . Thirty-six male and female adults were purposively selected with the help of a community focal person and advertisements in the study community. Respondents participants in a one-day photography training and thereafter, deployed to take at least fifteen photos that portray the effect of galamsey on food security and health. Subsequently, each participant was asked to selected five of the photographs and to explain the image and why they captured that in the photo. A photo exhibition was held to facilitate community conversation and perspectives on the effects of galamsey on food and nutrition security. Results: Galamsey has resulted in degradation of, otherwise, fertile agricultural land, and contamination of freshwater sources. As a consequence, there is reduced cultivable land, reduced crop production, shortage of essential staple foods, increase in food price, and increased consumption of ultra-processed foods. There is also perception of increased exposure to heavy metals like mercury in locally-produced food. Conclusions: Given the adverse health consequences of both food and nutrition insecurity, and increased consumption of processed foods, it is important that public and policy discussions to minimize the effects of galamsey in Ghana should include considerations about food and nutrition insecurity in mining communities.
Multi-objective Tubular Hydroforming Process Parametric Optimization using TOPSIS and PSI techniques
Authors: Reddy Pathapalli Venkateshwar , Reddy B. Veerabhadra
Published: November 2021

Tube Hydroforming (THF) process is widely used in the aerospace and automotive industries. The success of forming tubular components using the THF process generally depends on many influencing parameters such as geometry, coefficient of friction, loading pathways, material formability, etc. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the corner radius, coefficient of friction and heat treatment temperature on the bulging of the tubular component using finite element simulations. To address the complexity of parameter selection correctly with different alternatives, the multi-criteria decision-making methods (MCDM) applied in the present work. Two decision models, namely Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Performance Selection Index (PSI) methods with entropy weighting criteria were applied for obtaining the best combination of parameters to get a sound quality product. Finally, the proposed ranking was validated by conducting experimental trials and the error was observed to be in limits in comparison with the simulated data. ANOVA was also performed to distinguish the significant parameters and their contribution to the responses. Both the MCDM methods suggested the same favorable and unfavorable alternatives.
Biosorption of Chromium by Agricultural Waste, Anacardium Occidentale Testa Powder: Characterization, Kinetic, Isotherm and Thermodynamic Studies
Authors: GUNDLAPALLI SWARNALATHA , Gunturu Chandrakala , Naidu Sureddy V
Published: November 2021

The study on low-cost biosorbent such as Anacardium occidentale testapowder was used to remove chromium from aqueous solutions. Based on R 2 values, the Langmuir (R 2 = 0.9927) model fitted the equilibrium biosorption data best, confirming monolayer adsorption of chromium on to the biosorbent surface. The biosorption of chromium was best described by pseudo-second order (R 2 =0.9902) kinetics since at all concentrations, the R 2 values were higher than the corresponding pseudo-first order (R 2 = 0.9278) values. Based on thermodynamic parameters the biosorption of chromium by Anacardium occidentale testa powder was found to be spontaneous, endothermic and feasible under optimized conditions.
Survival Analysis of Women Exposed to Humidifier Disinfectants during the Perinatal Period: A Nested Case-Control Study
Authors: Cho Jun Sung , Choi Seoheui
Published: November 2021

Background
Because humidifier disinfectants (HDs) have been prohibited by the government because of their potential serious effects on human body, several studies on the relationship between HD and lung diseases have been separately performed on children and adults; however, to our knowledge, no studies have investigated the effects of HD exposure on pregnant women and their fetuses. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of HD exposure on the fetuses of women who were exposed to HDs during pregnancy.
Methods
We collected data from the Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI) to investigate the effects of HD exposure on the fetus during pregnancy. Among the applicants, mothers with HD exposure during pregnancy were recruited to determine the damage from HD. Others were included by self-referral or by their guardians. From 2017 to 2020, there were 56 cases. All had been exposed to HDs from 1994 to 2006. Seven cases were excluded because HD exposure did not coincide with pregnancy. We determined the effects of HD exposure on maternal-fetal survival and classified the duration of exposure as it related to the various stages of pregnancy, including prepregnancy, trimester of pregnancy, and seasonal variation. A subgroup analysis based on maternal-fetal survival was performed as a nested case-control study.
Results
Of the 49 mothers, 22 (44.9%) survived, and 27 (55.1%) died. In the group of survivors, the total duration of exposure (P = 0.004), the duration of exposure until symptom onset (P = 0.023), the duration of exposure before delivery (P = 0.023), and duration of exposure before pregnancy (P = 0.010) were shorter than those in the group who died. Of the mothers who survived, 50% were exposed before pregnancy, and 66.7% of the mothers who died were exposed before delivery.
Conclusions
A shorter period of HD exposure was associated with a higher likelihood of maternal survival. Also, a shorter time from childbirth to symptom onset was associated with a higher likelihood of maternal-fetal survival.
Early Ambulation After Transfemoral Diagnostic Cerebral Angiography: A Pilot Study
Authors: Aljuboori Zaid , Eaton Jessica , Carroll Kate , Levitt Michael , Kim Louis
Published: November 2021

BackgroundA significant proportion of transfemoral cerebral angiography complications are related to the access site, with no clear consensus concerning the optimal closure technique. In this study, we examined the usefulness of a new closure protocol for transfemoral diagnostic cerebral angiography.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of patients who underwent transfemoral (4Fr sheath) diagnostic cerebral angiography procedures at our institution. We included patients >18 years old who underwent the new closure protocol to achieve hemostasis at the access site. The new protocol entailed the use of nonocclusive manual compression for 15 minutes followed by 2 hours of bed rest, with additional 10-15 minutes of compression for new hematoma. We collected and analyzed the patients’ demographics, use of antiplatelet and anticoagulation medications, sheath size, and others.ResultsThe study cohort comprised 119 patients with a mean age was 54 years with (88%) females. Forty-one patients (34%) were on antiplatelet medications, with 12 (10%) on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). Four patients (3%) (two on DAPT, one on Aspirin alone, and one was not on any antiplatelet medication) had access site hematoma that required additional compression. Subgroup analysis showed that within the DAPT, Aspirin alone, and no antiplatelet medications groups, (17%), (3%), and (1%) of patients developed access site hematoma, respectively.ConclusionThis pilot study demonstrates that our closure protocol for transfemoral angiograms is safe and effective. There was a trend toward higher access-site complications in patients on DAPT. Further studies are required to expand on and validate our results.
Enantioselective Synthesis, Tautomerism, Molecular Docking And Biological Evaluation of 4-Hydroxy-3-(3-Oxo-1-Phenylbutyl)-2H-Chromen-2-One Analogues
Authors: Afzal Zakia , Rashid Naghmana , Nadeem Humaira , Khan Arif-ullah
Published: November 2021

Keeping in view the aim of better alternatives of 4-Hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-2H-chromen-2-one (warfarin), eleven analogs of warfarin have been synthesized with the goal to increase enantioselectivity of (S) enantiomer by using appropriate catalyst and minimize tautomerism by replacing methyl group of the side chain with aryl group. There are many reports of the serious complications with warfarin use, which are associated with the tautomeric forms of warfarin. The key step was highly enantioselective Michael addition of variously substituted chalcone and 4-hydroxycoumarin by using cinchona based 9-amino-9-deoxyepiquinine as chiral catalyst. Synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1HNMR,13CNMR, EIMS and CD studies. Enantiomeric excess (%ee) was determined by chiral HPLC which was upto 98%. Synthesized analogues were screened for anticoagulant, antibacterial and antifungal activities. In-vitro anticoagulant activity was evaluated by plasma recalcification time (PRT) method and out of eleven, ten synthesized compounds showed improved IC50 values as compaired to IC50 values of standard drug warfarin. Compound 4 showed 68.25% inhibation against staphylococcus aureus and compound 7 showed 68% inhibation against bacillus subtillis, gram positive strains of bacteria, compound 6 shows 70% inhibation against fungal strain candida albicans. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were carried out with Vitamin K1 epoxide reductase VKOR1 receptor 3kp9, a potential target of warfarin for anticoagulant activity.
A Bibliometric Analysis of the 100 Most Cited Articles on Adjacent Segment Degeneration in Worldwide from 1985 to 2021
Authors: Zhou Lijin , Cheng Yunzhong , Hai Yong , Liu Yuzeng , Li Yue , Lu Hongyi
Published: November 2021

Study design.A bibliometric review of the literature.Objective.The objective of our study is to research and analyze the most frequently cited 100 articles on adjacent segment degeneration (ASD).Background.Fusion is an effective method for degenerative diseases, however the problem of adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) after the fusion are also becoming increasingly important. Numerous of literatures and related researches promoted the development of this field. A bibliometric analysis of the 100 most cited articles on adjacent segment degeneration can supply lots of information and guide the future researches.Methods.We searched and identified the100 top-cited articles from Web of Science (WOS), using title-specific search“adjacent segment degeneration”. All articles published in English language between 1985 and 2021 were included. The following information were recorded and analyzed with bibliometric method: first author, article title, journal of publication, year of publication, total number of citations, country, institution and authors’ specialty.Results.The most prolific years were 2015 and 2016, each had 12 articles published. The most citation years were 2020 and 2018, which the total citations were 522 and 438, respectively. The citation count of the top 50 articles ranged from 22 to 421. European Spine Journal contributed the maximum of 17 articles. With regard to the primary author’s specialty, clinical neurology contributed to the majority of top 100 list with 75 articles, SHEN Y published the most of 5 articles. China mainland had produced 29 articles in the first. With regard to institutions, the most one was from Yonsei University with 8 articles.Conclusion.This study searched and analyzed the top 100 influential articles on ASD and provided a meaningful resource with detailed information for spine surgeons who may much more better to understand the trend in this filed. They can also benefit from the emphasis on citation count to prepare high-level articles by themselves in the future.
Biological And Chemical Properties of Cured Epoxy Resins
Authors: Rudawska Anna , Sarna-Boś Katarzyna , Rudawska Adrianna , Różyło-Kalinowska Ingrid , Chałas Renata
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Launched into production over 50 years ago, epoxy resins aroused enormous interest owing to their valuable properties that distinguish them from other polymeric materials. The investigation of biological and chemical effects of direct exposure to the materials under study on the human body may help in the organization of work when dealing with this type of materials.Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate selected biological and chemical properties of 3 cured epoxy compounds: Epidian 53 epoxy resin with polyaminoamide C curing agent, Epidian 53 epoxy resin with polyaminoamide C curing agent, and aluminum powder, and Epidian 53 epoxy resin with polyaminoamide C curing agent, and copper powder. Methods: The experimental part of this paper describes the preparation and fabrication of adhesive compound samples, from a liquid state to cured plates. The study involved a cytotoxicity analysis (with an ELSA reader), pH measurements (with a pH meter), absorbance measurement over an entire reference wavelength range, and sterilization (on a specially designed test bench) along with microscopic examination of its effects.Results: Cytotoxicity and absorbance analysis results demonstrate that extracts of all tested resin samples do not have cytotoxic effect on the cells of living organisms. The absorbance results over the wavelength range do not indicate the formation of aggregations, which proves that no toxic agents harmful to living organisms are extracted from the resin samples.Conclusion: Results of this study demonstrate that cured epoxy resins are safe materials.
Distribution Characteristics Of New AO Classification In Different Age Groups Of Patients With Femoral Neck Fracture
Authors: Jiang Yuxuan , Zhu Yangjun , Feng Dongxu , Huang Wei , Jiang Wuqiang , Wang Xiaolong
Published: November 2021

Objective
The clinical and imaging data of patients diagnosed with femoral neck fractures (FNFs) in Xi 'an Honghui Hospital from 2018 to 2020.The epidemiological characteristics of these patients in different age groups were analyzed.
Methods
In this study, patients with femoral neck fracture hospitalized in Xi 'an Honghui Hospital from January 2018 to January 2021 were divided into four groups according to age: the young group (≤44 years old), the middle-aged group (45-59 years old),the young old group (60-74 years old), and the elderly group (≥75 years old) to analyze age,sex,side,injury mechanism,new AO classification and other features. A total of 2071 patients were included for analysis.
Results
There were 742 males (35.8%) and 1,329 females (64.2%).There were 1,106 patient s(53.4%) on the left side and 965 on the right side (46.6%).There were 1781 cases of low energy injury (86%) and 290 cases of high energy injury (14%), and the main injury mechanism was falling.The number of patients with femoral neck fracture in each year was 719 patients in 2018, 694 patients in 2019, and 661 patients in 2020, respectively. The number of patients showed a decreasing trend year by year, and the gender ratio and injury mechanism showed no significant trend of change. In the age group, the proportion of the young group was increasing year by year.Among the new AO classification, there were 1023 cases of B1.3, accounting for the highest proportion of 49.4%.The proportion of B2.2 was the highest in the young group (32.4%) .B1.3 and B2.2 were the main types in the middle-aged group, accounting for 31.7% and 32.0, respectively.B1.3 was dominant in the young old and elderly group (47.1% and 63.4%, respectively).
Conclusion
The new classification combines the classic classification, which is easier to remember. The stability of fracture is more carefully distinguished,which is conducive to guiding the surgical treatment of many stable femoral neck fractures in middle-aged and young old people. ORIF treatment can be used to delay the age of hip replacement.
Notch/NICD/RBP-J Signaling Axis Regulates M1 Polarization of Macrophages Mediated by Advanced Glycation End Products
Authors: Tan Hao , Xu Wenjie , Ding Xiaoqian , Ye Huayu , Hu Yun , He Xinyi , Ming Ye , Zheng Leilei
Published: November 2021

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) aggregation and macrophages polarization both play essential roles in degenerative bone diseases caused by aging or diabetes, such as senile or diabetic osteoporosis. Here, we aimed to understand the involvement and potential mechanism of AGEs in macrophages polarization and osteoclastogenesis. We found that RAW264.7 macrophages treated with AGEs highly expressed M1-associated genes and surface antigen markers CD86, and released a large amount of NO to the extracellular environment. Through the detection of osteoclast-related markers and TRAP staining, we revealed that the osteoclastogenesis of M1 macrophages could be markedly enhanced by AGEs. To explore the potential mechanisms of AGEs-mediated M1 polarization, we first demonstrated that AGEs effectively activated the transduction of Notch signaling pathway, including nuclear translocation of NICD1. Subsequently, it was observed that the M1 polarization effects induced by AGEs were significantly mitigated, when γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT and siRNA targeting silencing RBP-J were applied to block the signal transduction of Notch. In conclusion, our findings revealed a series of phenomena that AGEs induce macrophage M1 polarization and enhance its osteoclastogenesis ability, and Notch/NICD/RBP-J signaling axis is involved in the regulation of this polarization process.
Clock Gene Regulates Kainic Acid-Induced Seizures Through Inhibiting Ferroptosis in Mice
Authors: Wang Fei , Guo Lianxia , Wu Zhengping , Zhang Tianpeng , Dong Dong , Wu Baojian
Published: November 2021

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common and intractable form of epilepsy. There is a strong need to better understand molecular events underlying TLE and to find novel therapeutic agents. Here we aimed to investigate the role of Clock gene and ferroptosis in regulating TLE. TLE model was established by treating mice with kainic acid (KA). Regulatory effects of Clock gene on KA-induced seizures and ferroptosis were evaluated using Clock knockout (Clock−/−) mice. mRNA and protein levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively. Ferroptosis was assessed by measuring the levels of iron, GSH and ROS. Transcriptional regulation was studied using a combination of luciferase reporter, mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. We found that Clock ablation exacerbated KA-induced seizures in mice, accompanied by enhanced ferroptosis in the hippocampus. Furthermore, Clock ablation reduced the hippocampal expression of GPX4 and PPAR-γ, two ferroptosis-inhibitory factors, in mice and in N2a cells. Moreover, Clock regulates diurnal expression of GPX4 and PPAR-γ in mouse hippocampus and rhythmicity in KA-induced seizures. Consistently, Clock overexpression up-regulated GPX4 and PPAR-γ, and protected against ferroptosis in N2a cells. In addition, based on luciferase reporter, mobility shift and ChIP assays, we uncovered that CLOCK protein trans-activated Gpx4 and Ppar-γ through specific binding to an E-box element in gene promoters. In conclusion, CLOCK protests against KA-induced seizures through promoting expression of GPX4 and PPAR-γ and inhibiting ferroptosis.
PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN SAHAM, ROI, TOTAL ASET, DAN DIVIDEN TERHADAP DAR PADA PERUSAHAAN PT MEDIA NUSANTARA CITRA Tbk TAHUN 2011-2019
Authors: Saharani Devi , Hapsari Mega Tunjung
Published: November 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini berfokus pada permasalahan pengambilan kebijakan utang perusahaan PT Media Nusantara Citra Tbk yang meliputi kebijakan dividen, profitabilitas, struktur kepemilikan, dan ukuran perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian asosiatif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode studi pustaka dan dokumentasi. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Data yang digunakan yaitu data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan triwulan PT Media Nusantara Citra Tbk tahun 2011-2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda melalui SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel kepemilikan saham dan total aset berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap DAR. Sedangkan variabel ROI dan dividen berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap DAR. Sementara, secara simultan variabel kepemilikan saham, ROI, total aset, dan dividen memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap DAR pada PT Media Nusantara Citra Tbk Tahun 2011-2019.
Kata Kunci: Kepemilikan Saham; Total Aset; ROI; Dividen; DAR.
 
Abstract: This research focuses on the problem of PT Media Nusantara Citra Tbk debt policy-making which includes dividend policy, profitability, ownership structure, and company SIZE. This research uses a quantitative approach with an associative research type. Data collection methods using a library and documentation study methods. Sampling techniques using a purposive sampling method. The data used is secondary data obtained from PT Media Nusantara Citra quarterly financial report for 2011-2019. This study used multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS. The results showed that partially variable shareholding and total assets had a positive and significant effect on DAR. Meanwhile, variable ROI and dividends have a negative and significant effect on DAR. Meanwhile, simultaneously variable shareholding, ROI, total asset, and dividend have a significant influence on DAR at PT Media Nusantara Citra Tbk The year 2011-2019.
Keywords: Shareholding; Total Assets; ROI; Dividend; DAR.
Soe documents about Grigore Gafencu ‘s situation in 1944-1945
Authors: M. Zidaru
Published: November 2021

After Grigore Gafencu finished his mission in Moscow in 1941, he decided to go to Switzerland, where he lived during the Second World War. After 23rd August 1944 Romania was occupied by the Soviet Union’s Red Army. The problem of the return of Gafencu in Romania became very complicated. This article presents the story of the contacts of Grigore Gafencu with SOE during the year 1944-1945 and his attempts to return in the country.
Prospects for the drug use based on common ivy for bronchopulmonary pathology in childhood
Authors: Mizernitskiy Yu. L. , Dorovskaya N. L. , Melnikova I. M.
Published: November 2021

Respiratory diseases persistently lead in the structure of general morbidity in both children and adolescents. Acute respiratory infections are the most common among them. Interest of pediatricians to phytotherapy is not accidental and is due to the fact that it has a mild therapeutic effect, enhances the effectiveness of complex therapy, has few side effects. Of particular interest are herbal remedies containing ivy extract (Hedera helix), the active ingredients are mainly found in ivy leaves, they are biologically active substances: Triterpene saponins, glycosides, also contain carbohydrates, essential oils, steroids, phenolcarboxylic acids, coumarins, flavonoids, carotenoids, tocopherols (vitamin E), B and C vitamins, tannins, phytoncides. Ivy preparations are prescribed as an expectorant in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract due to their proven multidirectional effects: secretolytic, mucolytic, bronchospasmolytic. They also have anti-inflammatory, reparative, antioxidant effects.

This article presents a clinical example of an officinal ivy-based preparation used in the treatment of a 3.5 year old patient diagnosed with acute respiratory viral infection. Temperature increased to 38 °C, runny nose; on the second day of illness the temperature remained subfebrile and a dry cough appeared. Nasal vasoconstrictor drops and oral acetylcysteine were prescribed, but there was no relief. On the third day of the illness, against the background of subfebrile temperature, the cough persisted, single dry rales were heard in the lungs, wheezing appeared during physical exertion. Acetylcysteine was withdrawn and replaced by ivy-based drops (16 drops 3 times a day orally after meals in a small amount of water). After 2 days the cough was moist, the sputum was easily expectorated, the wheezing in the lungs was almost gone, there was no more wheezing and the temperature was normal. By the sixth day of treatment the cough was gone and the girl had almost recovered. Nevertheless, Gedelix was continued for another 4 days. Prospective results and detailed study of the effects of herbal preparations on the basis of ivy extracts served as the basis for their recommendation as a complex therapy of cough in children.