bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early-life antibiotic usage and impact on the gut microbiota, including emergence of antimicrobial resistant Enterococcus
Authors: Saeed Muhammad Hassan , Hall Lindsay J
Published: October 2023

The early-life microbiota is an ‘immature’ and highly dynamic microbial ecosystem, which is central to infant health. Both perinatal and postnatal factors can impact the gut microbiota, with antibiotics proposed to cause short and longer-term disturbances. Antibiotics not only impact microbial community composition but also contribute to the overall antibiotic resistance profile, i.e. the ‘resistome’, and they may also enhance carriage of multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Given high antibiotic prescription practices in pregnant women and newborns this also contributes to the global threat of antimicrobial resistance. This review summarises the current literature on antibiotic usage and how this may impact the developing gut microbiota during early-life, including the influence of horizontal gene transfer on contributions to pathogenicity and resistance of gut bacteria. We also focus on Enterococcus spp. given their high levels in infants and their link with opportunistic infections that are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality during early-life. Finally, a perspective on the importance to antibiotic stewardship, and harnessing the microbiota itself for anti-infection therapies for reducing antibiotic usage are also covered.
ROS-based nanomedicines for anti-inflammatory therapies
Authors: Repellin Mathieu , Guerin Hanäé , Catania Giuseppina , Lollo Giovanna
Published: October 2023

Graphical abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important signaling molecules that play key roles in the progression of inflammatory disorders. Owing to a mismatch of the antioxidant level to balance the overproduction of ROS, the induced chronic inflammation can lead to several type of diseases such as cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes or neurodegenerative disorders. Over the last years, nanomedicine has shown tremendous promise in ROS-regulating approaches. The development of advanced redox-active nanomaterials opened the range of possibilities to anti-inflammatory therapies, with the production of ROS-responsive nanosystems enabling targeted drug delivery or with the manufacture of ROS-scavenging nanomaterials reducing ROS excess levels. This review summarizes the latest developments and novel designs of ROS-based nanomedicines and discusses their therapeutical strategies and applications.
Kliping Digital Perpustakaan: Inovasi Layanan Informasi Cepat Saji dan Mutakhir
Authors: Hariyah Hariyah , Budiawan Luki
Published: October 2023

Tulisan ini menjelaskan mengenai kliping digital perpustakaan yang dapat menjadi salah satu media dalam mememenuhi kebutuhan informasi pengguna perpustakaan. Sebuah format baru kliping media masa yang menggunakan kemampuan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi agar diseminasi dan pemanfaatannya menjadi lebih cepat dan luas. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan metode deskriptif. Penelitian memaparkan alur dan teknis pembuatan kliping digital mulai dari menentukan tema, menata, mengedit hingga siap disebarkan  melalui jejaring media sosial perpustakaan. Kliping digital mejadi salah satu layanan perpustakaan yang berisi informasi cepat saji dan mutakhir serta mampu menjangkau pemustaka secara lebih luas.
How inclusivity can help develop machine translation (MT) literacy and autonomy
Authors: Cotelli Kureth Sara , Noghrechi Hasti
Published: October 2023

This article reports on the innovative design of an autonomy workshop that allowed us to accommodate the very diverse social and learning background of our students. We based the inclusive strategies on the Universal Design for Instruction (UDI) (Scott and Edwards 2018) and specifically worked on the choice of tools, the task creation process and the method of instruction. This design also help foster learners’ autonomy and their digital literacy, alongside most traditional language-related goals.
Levels of Decision-Making Determinants in the European Council of the EU in 2010–2022
Authors:   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University (Poland), Pietraś Marek
Published: October 2023

The European Union has been recognised as an international system whose decisions and actions are conditioned by environmental determinants, which is a dynamic process of change. The article attempts to explain the EU’s decisions based on the conclusions of the European Council in 2010–2022. 93 documents containing the conclusions of the European Council adopted during that period were analysed. It was found that the determinants of EU decisions and actions function – firstly – at the international system level and, secondly, at the level of the domestic systems of the Member States. In addition, the article: 1) reconstructed the discussion in the science of international relations on behavioural determinants, 2) reconstructed the perception of determinants in the conclusions of the European Council; 3) a model for organising the analysis of the determinants of the decisions of the European Council was proposed.
La poesía comprometida de Nicomedes Santa Cruz, una lectura aproximativa
Authors: Rivas Sucari Henry César , Manrique Rabelo Carlos Milton , Rivas Sucari Sandra Alicia
Published: October 2023

Nicomedes Santa Cruz constituye una de las voces poéticas más importantes del Perú en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Su obra goza no solo de un reconocimiento nacional e internacional, sino que, además, es una de las más populares. Si bien los estudios a su obra identifican el aspecto de la reivindicación de la cultura afroperuana, también es importante reconocer la poesía de corte social o comprometida que elaboró cuidadosamente, y que tuvo coherencia con la ética de artista que profesaba. En el siguiente ensayo de enfoque cualitativo, desarrollamos una lectura a algunos poemas de corte social que compuso: Indio, Talara, América Latina, Congo libre y Johanesburgo. El pensamiento metafórico de sus composiciones posee connotaciones de orden ideológico y político, acorde con la época en la que fueron escritos. Para ello, a partir de la lectura, estableceremos un eje temático que nos ayude a elaborar una aproximación interpretativa de su poética con relación a la historia y la política de las décadas del 60 y 70, principalmente.
SIOG-IO Reporting of Older Subgroups Enrolled to Pivotal Immunotherapy Trials 2018-2022 v1
Authors: Eochagain Colm Mac
Published: October 2023

Reporting of older subgroups enrolled to drug trials in solid oncology immunotherapy leading to FDA approvals between 2018-2022
Patrimonio literario y escuela: revisión y perspectivas teóricas
Authors: Palmer Ítaca
Published: October 2023

El uso del término “patrimonio literario” en España es escaso frente al que podemos encontrar en otros países de nuestro entorno como es Francia. En esta investigación nos centramos en una publicación, fruto de unos encuentros realizados en la Universidad de Cergy-Pontoise, entre especialistas de didáctica de la lengua y la literatura en un evento centrado precisamente en el estudio del “patrimonio literario”. Para ello se realiza un recorrido por algunas de las aportaciones presentadas, parafraseándolas a la manera en que el teórico italiano Galvano Della Volpe llamaba “Teoría metodológica de la paráfrasis crítica” (1966), realizando una relectura, traduciendo e interpretando libremente los textos que nos resultan más significativos. Con esto, pretendemos ajustar esta parte del marco teórico fundamental para la educación lingüística y literaria, que busca traer al investigador en lengua española algunas autoridades básicas de nuestro país vecino que, sin duda, son una carencia que debe cubrirse entre los referentes internacionales en la didáctica de la lengua y la literatura.
Sustainable Smart University: A Short-Term Deep Learning Framework for Energy Consumption Forecast
Authors:   the Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, Incheon National University, Republic of Korea, Carrera Berny , Kim Kwanho
Published: October 2023

A smart city should ideally be environmentally friendly and sustainable, and energy management is one technique to monitor sustainable use. Similarly, this notion might be applied in an urban form, such as the sort of city in which a university would be located. This research analyzes the possibility for a university to enhance energy management by permitting the adoption of a variety of intelligent technologies that increase the energy sustainability of a city's infrastructure and the effectiveness of its operations. In the first module of the proposed system, we place significant emphasis on the data capabilities necessary to create energy statistics for each of its various buildings. In the second phase of the technique, we employ the collected data to conduct a data analysis of the energy behavior inside micro-cities, from which we derive characteristics. In the third module, we develop baseline regressors to assess the varying degrees of efficacy of the proposed model. Last, we describe a way for developing an energy prediction model using a deep learning regression model to solve the problem of short-term energy consumption forecasting. The performance metric results show that the suggested deep learning model increases performance prediction compared to other traditional regression techniques. The proposed model has superior RMSE, MAE and R squared results compared to alternative regression models.
Data Balancing and Aggregation Strategy to Predict Yield in Hard Disk Drive Manufacturing
Authors:   the School of Computer Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Thailand, Kerdprasop Nittaya , Hirunyawanakul Anusara , Chuaybamroong Paradee , Kerdprasop Kittisak
Published: October 2023

Hard disk drive manufacturing is complicated and involves several steps of assembling and testing. Poor yield in one step can result in fail product of the whole lot. Accurate yield prediction is thus important to product monitoring and management. This paper presents a novel idea of data preparation and modeling to predict yield in the process of hard disk drive production. Data balancing technique based on clustering and re-sampling is introduced to make the proportion of the pass and fail products comparable. Then, we propose a strategy to aggregate manufacturing data to be in a reasonable group size and efficient for the subsequent step of yield predictive model creation. Experimental results reveal that grouping data into a constant size of 10,000 records can lead to the more accurate yield prediction as compared to the intuitive idea of weekly grouping.
Hysterolaparoscopy as a comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic tool in modern art
Authors: Sireesha Karupothula V. , Himabindu Yelamanchali , Haq Anam Ul , Kavitha Gogineni , Kiranmai Donthu
Published: October 2023

Background: Infertility affects about 10-15% of reproductive age couple and is increasing globally. None of the laboratory findings alone are conclusive in diagnosing infertility. The ability to visualize and simultaneously treat the identified pathology makes hysterolaparoscopy an essential part of infertility management. Aim of the study was to evaluate hysterolaparoscopy as a comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic tool in female infertility management. Objective of the study was to evaluate various etiological factors in infertility and the therapeutic interventions done during hysterolaparoscopy.
Methods: A cross-sectional study of 250 cases over one year from October 2021 to September 2022 at a teritiary care hospital. Women with primary or secondary infertility aged between 20-40 years were included. Patients with contraindications for general anaesthesia and active pelvic infection were excluded.
Results: Out of 250 patients, 195(78%) had primary infertility and 55(22%) had secondary infertility. In primary infertility group 69% and in secondary infertility group 87.7% had abnormal laparoscopy findings. The most common laparoscopic abnormality is tubal factor both in primary infertility (58%) and secondary infertility (58%) group and on hysteroscopy, endometritis is the commonest abnormality in both.
Conclusions: In experienced hands, hysterolaparoscopy is a very safe operation. The abnormalities of pelvic and uterus can be diagnosed and also resolved in hysterolaparoscopy at the same time. Also, the future plan of management can be taken in time after the evaluation.
Comparative evaluation of non enzymatic antioxidants, vitamin C and albumin in patients suffering from different grades of periodontitis: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Narendra Suryakanta , Rath Gayatri , Mohanty Debasis , Jena Sanghamitra
Published: October 2023

Background: Rate of degree of destruction of periodontium may be associated with the oxidative stress due to the imbalance of different serum antioxidants. The objective of this study is to compare the evaluated concentrations of non enzymatic antioxidants like vit-C, albumin levels and total antioxidant status, from the available data of patients with slowly and rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP).
Methods: This retrospective observational study was confined to a study population, which include; 42 patients with RPP, 42 patients with slowly progressive periodontitis (SPP) and 86 healthy controls, in whom the required data were available. The levels of non enzymatic antioxidants like albumin, vitamin C and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of patients, suffering from RPP, are compared with SPP and healthy controls.
Results: The values of serum albumin and vitamin-c levels in RPP even remaining within the normal ranges were found to be on the lower side, when compared with healthy controls. The systemic TAC levels were found to be at a lower side in both SPP and RPP, when compared with the healthy control group.  
Conclusions: The systemic levels of non enzymatic antioxidants, vit C and albumin, in RPP were found to be on the lower side, even remaining within the normal ranges, when compared with the healthy controls. The TAC in SPP and RPP is also found to be on lower side, consistent with previous studies.
DISTRIBUCIÓN ESPACIO-TEMPORAL Y TALLAS DE LAS LARVAS DE TRES ESPECIES DE LUTJÁNIDOS EN EL ÁREA NORTE DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Criales-Hernández María Isabel , Arteaga Édgar , Manjarrés Luis
Published: October 2023

A partir de los datos obtenidos de la longitud estándar (LS) de 190 larvas de la familia Lutjanidae, se trató de hacer una aproximación de la localización de los sitios de desove, observando la distribu- ción de las larvas, las cuales presentaron aglomeración entre Dibulla y Manaure en el nororiente del Caribe colombiano. También se lograron establecer tres picos de desove en los meses de julio, octubre y mayo cuando concurrieron las larvas de las tallas de tamaño menor entre 2.26 y 4.36 mm de L.S. Por último, del total de larvas encontradas en esta familia se pudieron identificar tres especies (Lutjanus synagris, L. analis y Rhomboplites aurorubens).
LA FORMACIÓN DEL ISTMO DE PANAMÁ. SU INCIDENCIA EN COLOMBIA
Authors: De Porta Jaime
Published: October 2023

El primer esbozo del Istmo de Panamá se formó en el Mioceno medio, afectando la paleogeografía, fauna y flora marina. La Cordillera Oriental se levantó entre 12.9 y 11.8 Ma, con máxima intensidad entre 5 y 2.5 Ma, alterando ríos como el Amazonas, Orinoco y Magdalena. Un episodio frío en la Sabana de Bogotá a 2.7 Ma podría relacionarse con la glaciación del Plioceno superior. El Istmo se formó hace 3.5-3.1 Ma, desencadenando un intercambio faunístico entre América del Norte y del Sur, y durante el Pleistoceno se crearon arrecifes en el Litoral Caribe de Colombia, con edades de 300,000 a 124,000 años.
A NEW SPECIES OF FROG FROM NORTHEASTERN COLOMBIA (GENUS ELEUTHERODACTYLUS: LEPTODACTYLIDAE)
Authors: Lynch John D.
Published: October 2023

A new species of frog from the Eleutherodactylus nigrovittatus group is described from cloud forests in northern Santander. The new species is most similar to E. nigrovittatus of the Amazon basin but is equally closely related to the Andean E. latens and E. mantipus found on the Central and Western cordilleras. Based on a phylogenetic analysis, the primitive habitat for frogs of this species group is páramo with subsequent downward movement.
Challenges for assessing curriculum learning in initial teaching education programmes
Authors: Swanson Carolyn , Perger Pamela , Jackson Jayne
Published: October 2023

Designing an assessment that is fit for purpose in the initial teacher education (ITE) setting is complex. The assessment must meet the university and New Zealand Teaching Council regulations, mirror educational best practice, support ITE students to learn curricular and pedagogical content as well as be practicable to teach and assess. This article outlines a novel integrated assignment for first-year primary ITE students in science, English, and mathematics that was implemented in 2020 as part of a response to COVID lockdowns in Auckland, New Zealand. The lecturers used role play to launch the assignment task and model a team meeting where junior team teachers designed an integrated unit, which was a required task within the ITE students’ assignment. Data generated from student satisfaction surveys, a small focus group, and lecturers’ personal reflections identified that the assignment format emulated classroom practice, deepened curriculum understanding, and helped ITE students understand teachers’ work.
21st-century learning a-buzz: Integrating and assessing an arts-centred STEAM approach to learning with apsicopes (beehives) in two Aotearoa intermediate classrooms
Authors: Vander Zwaag Carrie
Published: October 2023

Integrated STEAM education (science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics) has been shown to effectively foster global competencies as well as school and societal engagement for 21st century learners of diverse backgrounds. However, facilitating quality STEAM teaching and learning can be challenging for teachers, particularly in the area of subject integration and assessment. This is especially true in communities where value is placed on standardised testing and traditional single-subject forms of monitoring, measuring, and reporting on student knowledge. This article responds to the challenge for researchers and educators to develop novel approaches for authentic, integrated STEAM teaching and learning. We share the story of STEAM teaching and learning from within Aotearoa New Zealand’s first apiscope—living beehive—classrooms as teachers implement an innovative arts-centred STEAM teaching and learning approach to learning about bees. In this context, an unusual collaborative journey of students, teachers, researchers, and experts (scientist, beekeepers, artists) unfolds as they grapple with how best to integrate and assess STEAM teaching and learning that responds to students’ strengths and interests.
Abnormalities of brain imaging in COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms
Authors: Advani Soroor , Mahdi Hosseini Seyyed Mohammad , Bozorgmehr Rama , Khameneh-Bagheri Arash , Mohammadzadeh Sevda , Hasanzadeh Taha , Jalilian Laya , Vahidi Mohammad , Nofeli Amir Hasan , Hooshyari Zahra
Published: October 2023

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a multisystem disease, manifested by several symptoms of various degrees. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can affect the central nervous system (CNS) through several mechanisms and brain imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis and evaluation of the neurological involvement of COVID-19. Moreover, brain imaging of patients with COVID-19 would result in a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 neuro-pathophysiology. In this study, we evaluated the brain imaging findings of patients with COVID-19 in Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, and observational study. The hospital records and chest and brain computed tomography (CT) scans of patients with confirmed COVID-19 were reviewed.
Results: 161 patients were included in this study (39.1% women, mean age: 60.84). Thirteen patients (8%) had ischemic strokes identified by brain CT. Subdural hematoma, subdural effusion, and subarachnoid hemorrhage were confirmed in three patients. Furthermore, there were four cases of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Patients with and without abnormal brain CTs had similar average ages. The rate of brain CT abnormalities in both genders did not differ significantly. Moreover, abnormal brain CT was not associated with increased death rate. There was no significant difference in lung involvement (according to lung CT scan) between the two groups.
Conclusion: Our experience revealed a wide range of imaging findings in patients with COVID-19 and these findings were not associated with a more severe lung involvement or increased rate of mortality.
An assessment of Martin-Gruber anastomosis discrepancies between healthy individuals and patients with carpal tunnel syndrome in motor nerve conduction studies
Authors: Ertekin Ayfer
Published: October 2023

Background: The Martin-Gruber anastomosis (MGA) represents a nerve innervation anomaly in the upper extremity, potentially leading to misinterpretation during standard nerve conduction studies (NCSs). This study aims to characterize the electrophysiological attributes of MGA in both healthy subjects and individuals diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).
Methods: This case-control study involved the electrophysiological assessment of 506 forearms, segregated into two distinct groups: a CTS positive (+) case group and a CTS negative (-) control group. The evaluations were conducted over an average period of 8 months in the neurophysiology laboratory. The study encompassed 294 forearms from 147 healthy individuals without CTS and 212 forearms from 106 patients diagnosed with CTS, both clinically and electrodiagnostically.
Results: The relationship between the presence of type I MGA and the CTS (+) group was statistically significant (P = 0.002). Similarly, the relationship between the presence of type II MGA and the CTS (+) group was statistically significant (P = 0.013). On the other hand, the relationship between the presence of type III MGA and the CTS (+) group was not statistically significant (P = 0.208). Likewise, the relationship between the presence of type IV MGA and the CTS (+) group was not statistically significant (P = 0.807). The correlation between the side of type I MGA and the groups did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.770).
The relationship between the side of type II MGA and the groups also did not attain statistical significance (P = 0.990). Similarly, the side of type III MGA and its association with the groups did not yield statistical significance (P = 0.402). Finally, the relationship between the side of type IV MGA and the groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.166).
Conclusion: The MGA represents a relatively frequent anatomical variation observed in the upper extremity. Notably, its presence demonstrated significance in the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle (type II) and the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscle (type I) among patients with CTS. The present study emphasizes the importance of recognizing this variation during upper extremity NCSs for a correct diagnostic approach and treatment plan to avoid misdiagnosis of median-ulnar peripheral neuropathy.
Comparative Evaluation of Nutritional Pattern and Quality of Life the Subjects with Multiple Sclerosis as an Autoimmune Disease and Some of Its Risk Factors in Zabol City
Authors: Saravani Soleyman , Poursamimi Javad
Published: October 2023

Background: The autoimmune disease of multiple sclerosis is characterized by inflammation and nerve tissue destruction. There are documents for the nutritional factors' effects on the occurrence and disease cycle. Food pattern is an essential factor in chronic disease prognosis. This study was designed to investigate the status of the nutritional pattern and quality of life of MS patients.
Methods: The number 40 MS patients who have been referred to Zabol Red Crescent and MS Association for Services and Medicine during the past year were enrolled in the initial stage of registration. Finally, 30 patients were included in the study and were examined in three types of diet (unhealthy, Mediterranean, and traditional).
Results: Their Mean ± SD of age, height, and weight of women and men were (35.69 ± 1.8; 40.57 ± 4.22.) years, (162.69 ± 1.25; 175.29 ± 2.54) cm, and (64.0 ± 2.36; 71.14 ± 3.78) kg respectively. The majority of women and men were at the high school level 56.67% and 57.14% respectively. 61.89 percent of patients followed the Mediterranean pattern. 82.6% of the women and 71.42% of the men suffered from low levels of mental disorders. The most frequency of body mass index belonged to the women group in the third level (39.13%) and the lowest to the fourth group (8.69%). 63.33% of the patients did not do any type of sports. 6.7% of patients with high activity did not have any symptoms of physical disorders. The economic index of the good level in the women and men was 34.78% and 42.85% respectively.
Conclusion: In this study, the Mediterranean pattern was the most attractive, and the number of physical disorders was more than the number of mental. It was uncovered that providing the required training for modifying dietary patterns can be very effective in the management of disease symptoms.
Issues of rational subsoil use in modern conditions
Authors: Davydov Andrey V.
Published: October 2023

The issues of rational subsurface use, technological and economic reasons for non-fulfillment of project documentation decisions and their consequences at hydrocarbon deposits are considered. The change in oil recovery coefficients in the country over a seven-year period by reserve categories is given. Proposals are made to reduce the risks from inefficient development of subsurface resources in modern conditions.
Characteristics of morphotypes of Neocomian clinoform formations in the north of the West Siberian lowland in connection with the peculiarities of sedimentation processes
Authors: Borodkin Vladimir N. , Smirnov Oleg A.
Published: October 2023

In the article, based on a relatively deep-water clinoform model of the Achimov strata structure based on the analysis of sedimentological processes and 3D seismic data, the characteristics of the morphological types of clinoform formations, structural features and sedimentation of the Lower Cretaceous deposits in the zone of counter clinoforms are given, a new type of hydrocarbon traps is identified within this area, their seismic images are presented. It is noted that in the zone of east-dip clinoforms (the Ural source of demolition), it is necessary to evaluate the prospects for oil and gas potential of the section based on the analysis of seismic and gravity survey and logging data, in order to predict fractured reservoirs.
A Study of Generation and Regulation of Crop Residue: Bioenergy
Authors: Udakwar Sayali , Sarode Dilip
Published: October 2023

Background: Agricultural residues are a significant part of the waste generated in India. It is challenging for farmers to manage surplus crop residue sustainably because of large production and limited options. Ultimately, most farmers burn crop residue without giving it a second thought. Besides affecting the environment, burning crop residues also reduces soil fertility, soil nutrient content and soil organic humus levels by releasing greenhouse gases. Methods: This study was conducted to identify surplus crop residues available and their current uses. Vidarbha region in Maharashtra was selected for the study and cotton, tur and soybean crops were selected since these are the most commonly grown crops there. A man-to-man survey was conducted to determine the type and amount of crop residue available and how it is currently being used. Three farmlands in the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra were selected for the study. Four different varieties of cotton, tur and soybean were grown on three farms. The yield and crop residue generated were measured per unit area. Analysis of crop residue availability was conducted using statistical methods. Result: Based on the study, it can be concluded that biomass waste is abundantly available and there is potential to generate bioenergy by utilizing agricultural waste effectively. Furthermore, the regression study shows that crop output is a major predictor of crop residue generated.
Relative Expression of Toll-like Receptors, Cytokines and Acute Phase Protein by Real-Time PCR in Milk Somatic Cells of Subclinical Mastitis Affected Cattle
Authors: Singathia Rajesh , Sharma Deepak Kumar , Gaurav Abhishek , Sain Arpita , Rathore Karishma
Published: October 2023

Background: Subclinical mastitis is one of the most important diseases of economic importance affecting dairy animals worldwide. The present study was planned to evaluate the level of expression of toll-like receptors, cytokines and acute phase protein in milk somatic cells during subclinical mastitis of cattle. Methods: The milk samples of subclinical mastitis-positive and healthy cattle were collected. After that, extraction of total RNA was done from milk somatic cells followed by cDNA synthesis by the process of reverse transcription. Following that qPCR was carried out and relative transcript levels were determined. Result: In the present study, a relative up-regulated expression was found in TLR-2, IL-1α, IL-10 and Hp, and down-regulation was found in TLR-4, TNF-α, IFN-α and IL-6 in the milk of cattle with subclinical mastitis as compared to healthy ones. Monitoring of cytokines entangled in the modulation of immune responses during the infection is useful in deciding cytokine markers that could be employed as a forecasting tool in the early diagnosis of subclinical mastitis.
Analyzing the Ability of Various Chosen Medicinal Herbs to Cure Wounds in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822)
Authors: Tiamiyu Adebisi Musefiu , Bolaji-Alabi Follusho B , Okocha Reuben C , Olatoye Isaac O , Adedeji Oluwafemi Bolarinwa
Published: October 2023

Phytomedicines are affordable, safe, and offer great potential for treating and controlling wounds. The effects of herbal supplements on Clarias gariepinus wound healing was investigated. Twenty-four fish (146.4±0.74g) randomised into four paired sub-groups: G1 and G2, G3 and G4, G5 and G6, G7, and G8 were fed formulated rations containing no herbal additive (0.0g/kg), 5.0g/kg of Allium sativum, 10.0g/kg of Chromolaena odorata and 10.0g/kg of Talinum triangulare as feed additive respectively at 5% body weight. On the 21st day, a sterile incision measuring 45.0 mm by 1.0 mm was made on the dorsolateral side of each fish. Subgroups G2, G4, G6, and G8 were intraperitoneally inoculated with 0.1 ml of pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa that had been predetermined (1.4 x106 bacteria/ml), while G1, G3, G5, and G7 were not inoculated. Post-incision, macroscopic parameters (measurements), given as percentage healing rates on days 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15, were used to evaluate the wound closure. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05. On day 3, there were significant differences between the control and treatment groups in the healing pattern (P < 0.05). On day 15 post-incision, G7 had the best healing rate in both inoculated (86.7 percent) and uninoculated (100 percent) fish, while G1 had the lowest healing rate (0.0 percent) and maximum healing rate (64.4 percent), respectively. The findings indicated that Talinum triangulare at a concentration of 10.0 g/kg was the optimum feed additive for promoting wound healing in Clarias gariepinus.
Targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling in ovarian cancer therapy
Authors: Yan Tianqing , Ma Xiaolu , Guo Lin , Lu Renquan
Published: October 2023

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), an organelle present in various eukaryotic cells, is responsible for intracellular protein synthesis, post-translational modification, and folding and transport, as well as the regulation of lipid and steroid metabolism and Ca2+ homeostasis. Hypoxia, nutrient deficiency, and a low pH tumor microenvironment lead to the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the ER, thus activating ER stress (ERS) and the unfolded protein response, and resulting in either restoration of cellular homeostasis or cell death. ERS plays a crucial role in cancer oncogenesis, progression, and response to therapies. This article reviews current studies relating ERS to ovarian cancer, the most lethal gynecologic malignancy among women globally, and discusses pharmacological agents and possible targets for therapeutic intervention.
A review of algal phytoremediation potential to sequester nutrients from eutrophic surface water
Authors: Theiling Charles
Published: October 2023

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) and coastal hypoxic zones are evidence of cultural nutrient enrichment affecting public health and water supplies, aquatic ecosystem health, and economic well-being in the United States. Recognition of the far-reaching impacts of Midwest agriculture has led to establishing nutrient reduction objectives for surface waters feeding the Gulf of Mexico, Lake Erie, and many smaller water bodies. Municipal nutrient enrichment impacts have been addressed by increasing levels of sewage treatment and waste management through the Clean Water Act era, but HABs rebounded in the 1990s because of non-point source nutrient enrichment. HAB control and treatment includes watershed and waterbody treatments to reduce loading and address outbreaks. Systems to remove nutrients from impaired waters are expensive to build and operate. This review of algal production systems summarizes emerging algal water treatment technologies and considers their potential to effectively sequester nutrients and atmospheric carbon from hundreds of eutrophic reservoirs and DoD wastewater treatment facilities while producing useful biomass feedstock using solar energy. Algal water treatment systems including open ponds, photobioreactors, and algal turf scrubbers® can be used to grow biomass for biofuel, wastewater treatment, and commercial products. This review recommends continuing research on surface water nutrient reduction potential with algal turf scrubber productivity pilot studies, preliminary site design, and biomass utilization investigations.
Intelligent Prediction of Drilling Rate of Penetration Based on Method-Data Dual Validity Analysis
Authors: Wan Youwei , Liu Xiangjun , Xiong Jian , Liang Lixi , Ding Yi , Hou Lianlang
Published: October 2023

The rate of penetration (ROP) is a critical parameter in drilling operations, essential for optimizing the drilling process and enhancing drilling speed and efficiency. Traditional and statistical models are inadequate for predicting ROP in complex formations, as they fail to conduct a comprehensive analysis of method validity and data validity. In this study, geological conditions parameters, mechanical parameters, and drilling fluid parameters were extracted as prediction parameters, and an intelligent ROP prediction method was constructed under method-data dual validity analysis. The effectiveness of the ROP prediction method is studied by comparing five machine learning algorithms. The data validity of ROP prediction is also studied by changing the input data type, input data dimension, and input data sampling method. The results show that the effectiveness of the long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network method was found to be superior to support vector regression (SVR), backpropagation (BP) neural network, deep belief neural network (DBN), and convolutional neural network (CNN) methods. For data validity, the best input data type for ROP prediction is geological conditions parameters after principal component analysis (PCA) combined with mechanical parameters and drilling fluid parameters. The lower limit of input data dimension validity is seven input parameters, and the accuracy of prediction results increases with the increase of data dimension. The optimal data sampling method is one point per meter, and the error of the prediction result increases and then decreases with the increase of sampling points. Through step-by-step analysis of method validity, input data type, input data dimension, and input data sampling method, the range, size, and mean of error values of ROP prediction results were significantly reduced, and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the prediction results of the test set is only 18.40%, while the MAPE of the prediction results of the case study is only 11.60%. The results of this study can help to accurately predict ROP, achieve drilling speedup in complex formations, and promote the efficient development of hydrocarbons in the study area.
Accurate Identification of Micro-scale Urban Functional Zones from the Perspective of Spatial Dialectic
Authors: Zhang Changfan
Published: October 2023

With the advancement of global urbanization, accurate identification of urban functional zones has become a crucial task for the high-quality development of cities. Traditional methods that rely on POI data are insufficient to accurately identify micro-scale urban functional zones. Thus, this study proposes a novel method for identifying urban functional zones based on VOI (Volume of Interest) data and applies it to a small region in Hong Kong for comparative research. Subsequently, the identification accuracy of the two methods is assessed using a confusion matrix and the Kappa Coefficient. The results show that the VOI data contains richer and more comprehensive urban spatial information compared to POI data, enabling a superior representation of connections and influences among different zones within cities. The study can be applied to analyse micro-scale urban functional zones in other cities, providing a new perspective for the in-depth research.
Microplastics in fishes from the Meghna River estuary, Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Shahadat , Bhuiyan Mohammad Riyad Hossain , Uddin Mohammad Nasir , Sharifuzzaman SM
Published: October 2023

Microplastics (MPs) were investigated in four fish species viz., Polynemus paradiseus, Rhinomugil corsula, Sillaginopsis panijus and Taenioides sandwipi, which were collected from the Meghna River estuary, Bangladesh. Gastrointestinal tracts of fishes (n = 80 in total) were examined for the presence of MPs following alkali digestion, microscopic observation and µ-FTIR analysis. Total 573 MPs were detected in four fish species, indicating MPs presence in 81.3% fish samples. There were 7.16 ± 4.33 MP items/fish, 2.16 ± 1.76 items/g of GIT and 0.15 ± 0.12 items/g of body weight. Polyethylene, polypropylene and nylon were the most abundant polymers. The majority of MPs were fiber (62.48%), while white color was the dominant one. Fifty-one percent MPs belonged to size < 500 µm, indicating that smaller particles were more bio-available to pelagic fishes. The findings confirm intrusion of MPs in the Meghna River estuary and fishes therein, posing a threat to public health via the food chain.
H∞ State Estimation of Continuous-time Neural Networks with Uncertainties
Authors: Li Aiting , Hu Yun , Liu Dazhi , Liu Jinhui , Chen Yanhui
Published: October 2023

H∞ state estimation is addressed for continuous-time neural networks in the paper. And the norm-boundeduncertainties are considered in communication neural networks. For the considered neural networks withuncertainties, a reduced-order H∞ state estimator is designed, which make the error dynamic is exponentiallystable and has weighted H∞ performance index by Lyapunov function method. Moreover, it is also giventhe devised method of the reduced-order H∞ state estimator. Then, considering that sampling the outputy(t) of the neural network every moment will resulting in waste of excess resources, to solve the problemof oversampling using event-triggered sampling strategy. In addition, a devised method is also given for theevent-triggered reduced-order H∞ state estimator. Finally, by the well-known Tunnel Diode Circuit example, itshows that a lower order state estimator can be designed under the premise of maintaining the same weighted H∞ performance index, and using the event-triggered sampling method can reduce the computational and timecosts and save communication resources.
The Effect of Theophylline on Serum and Milk Pharmacokinetics of Tylosin Following Intramuscular Administration in Lactating Goats
Authors: EL-Tareef Fatma , Abo-EL-Sooud Khaled , Karmi Mohamed , Hafez Ahmed
Published: October 2023

Aim of the work:
This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of theophylline pre-treatment on the pharmacokinetic and milk elimination of tylosin following single intramuscular (IM) administrations in lactating goats as an example of an antibacterial and bronchodilator combination that frequently used in veterinary medicine to control respiratory diseases.
Methods and results
In a cross-over study, tylosin was injected intramuscularly at a single dose of 15 mg/kg b.wt. After a one-month washout period goats received theophylline at a daily IM dose of 2 mg/kg b.wt. for seven consecutive days then tylosin was injected two hours after the last theophylline injection as the same previous treatment. Blood samples were collected before and at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 h post-injection. Samples were left to clot and then centrifuged to yield sera, Milk samples were collected before and at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, and 72h post-injection from each goat by hand milking. Tylosin serum concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Tylosin concentrations versus time were analyzed by a noncompartmental method. Theophylline significantly decreased tylosin concentrations as the Cmax declined from 1.728 ± 0.100 to 1.014 ± 0.113 µg/ml, and attained Tmax values of 2 and 1 h, respectively. Moreover, theophylline pretreatment significantly shortened the elimination half-life (t1/2el) from 6.934 to 1.973 h, t1/2ka from 0.621 to 0.359 h and the mean residence time (MRT) from 8.022 to 4.312 h, also Vz/F and AUCs decreased from 11.913 to 7.702 L/Kg and from 12.641 to 4.567µg*h/ml, respectively, consequently, theophylline enhanced the clearance (Cl/F) of tylosin from the body. Similarly, tylosin milk concentrations were significantly lower in theophylline-pretreated goats than in goats that received tylosin alone. Moreover, the t1/2el and AUCs were significantly decreased from 14.684 ± 1.973 to 27 4.720 ± 0.477 h, and from 181.003 to 67.171 µg*h/ml, respectively.
Conclusions
We concluded that when tylosin is administrated after theophylline pretreatment, its concentrations may fall to subtherapeutic levels, which could have serious clinical consequences.
Animal models of internal endplate injury-induced intervertebral disc degeneration：a systematic review
Authors: Ma Yukun , Yu Xing , Li Wenhao , Guan Jianbin , Qiu Ziye , Xu Luchun , Feng Ningning , Jiang Guozheng , Yue Xinliang
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review relevant animal models of disc degeneration induced through the endplate injury pathway,and to provide suitable animal models for exploring the intrinsic mechanisms and treatment of disc degeneration.
DESIGN: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane and other databases were searched for literature related to animal models of disc degeneration induced by the endplate injury pathway from establishment to October 2022, and key contents in the literature were screened and extracted to analyze and evaluate each type of animal model using the literature induction method.
RESULTS: Thirteen animal experimental studies were finally included in the literature, which can be categorized into direct injury models and indirect injury models, of which direct injury models include transvertebral injury models and transpedicular approach injury models, and indirect injury models include endplate ischemia models and vertebral fracture-induced endplate injury models. The direct injury models have a minimum observation period of 2 months and a maximum of 7 months. All direct injury models were successful in causing disc degeneration, and the greater the number of interventions, the greater the degree of disc degeneration caused. The observation period for the indirect injury models variedfrom 4 weeks to 8 months. Of the 8 studies, only one study was unsuccessful in inducing disc degeneration, and this was the first animal study in this research to attempt to intervene on the endplate to cause disc degeneration.
CONCLUSION: The damage to the direct injury model is more immediate and controllable in extent and can effectively lead to disc degeneration. The indirect injury models do not directly damage the endplate structure, making it easier to observe the physiological and pathological condition of the endplate and associated structures of the disc. However,none of them can completely simulate the corresponding process of endplate injury-induced disc degeneration in humans, and there is no uniform clinical judgment standard for this type of model. The most appropriate animal model still needs further exploration and discovery.
Unraveling Genetic Architecture of Blood Unfolded p-53: Novel Candidate Genes for Early Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Yaghoobi Arash , Malekpour Seyed Amir
Published: October 2023

Background
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heritable neurodegenerative disease whose long asymptomatic phase makes the early diagnosis of it pivotal. Blood U-p53 has emerged as a superior predictive biomarker for AD in the early stages. We hypothesized that genetic variants associated with blood U-p53 could reveal novel loci and pathways involved in the early stages of AD.
Results
We performed a blood U-p53 Genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 484 healthy and mild cognitively impaired subjects from the ADNI cohort using 612,843 Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We performed a pathway analysis and prioritized candidate genes using an AD single-cell gene program. We fine-mapped the intergenic SNPs by leveraging a cell-type-specific enhancer to gene linking strategy using a brain single-cell multimodal dataset. We validated the candidate genes in an independent brain single-cell RNA-seq and the ADNI blood transcriptome datasets. The rs279686 between AASS and FEZF1 genes was the most significant SNP (P-value = 4.82×10 − 7). Suggestive pathways were related to the immune and nervous systems. Twenty-three candidate genes were prioritized at 27 suggestive loci. Fine-mapping of 5 intergenic loci yielded nine cell-specific candidate genes. Finally, 15 genes were validated in the independent single-cell RNA-seq dataset, and five were validated in the ADNI blood transcriptome dataset.
Conclusion
We underlined the importance of performing a GWAS on an early-stage biomarker of AD and leveraging functional omics datasets for pinpointing causal genes in AD. Our study prioritized nine genes (SORCS1, KIF5C, EPC2, TMEFF2, HLA-E, ATAT1, TUBB, ARID1B, and RUNX1) strongly implicated in the early stages of AD.