bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACTO DA PANDEMIA NA EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA
Authors: Zi Li Figueiredo Ten Yan , Costa Guedes Fernanda , Guimarães de Araujo Faria Magda , Helena Gallasch Cristiane , Cabral da Silva Ramos Tatiana , Santos da Silva Gabriel
Published: September 2024

Introdução: A promoção da saúde no ambiente universitário enfrenta algumas complexidades devido às demandas acadêmicas e, consequentemente, à negligência do bem-estar coletivo, no entanto, a extensão universitária surge como uma estratégia promissora, buscando estabelecer uma relação simbiótica entre Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão. Objetivo: Promover uma reflexão sobre os efeitos da pandemia dentro do comportamento extensionista de uma Universidade pública, observando um comparativo do período anterior à pandemia e posterior ao consequente isolamento. Métodos: Estudo de caso documental com análise qualitativa descritiva. Os dados foram coletados abril de 2023 e correspondem aos períodos de 2019 e 2022. Utilizou-se como base teórica desta análise, os preceitos e âmbitos de atuação das Universidades Promotoras da Saúde.  Resultados: A coleta de dados resultou em uma amostra final de 812 e 1039 projetos respectivamente aos anos analisados. A amostra final resultou em 16 e 13 projetos respectivamente. Observou-se que todos os projetos estão relacionados ao âmbito de atuação intitulado “Promover o bem-estar dos funcionários, desenvolvendo e aplicando conhecimentos na missão científica e tecnológica”.  Conclusão: Ao comparar os períodos estudados, os efeitos da pandemia foram capazes de estimular o comportamento extensionista, evidenciado por aumento consubstancial dos projetos, em especial, aqueles voltados para a promoção da saúde e do bem-estar no âmbito universitário.
A game theory approach for drinking water supply chain management considering water pricing and government intervention
Authors: Zarreh Mobin
Published: September 2024

Managing the drinking water supply chain and pricing has gained significant importance in contemporary times due to various factors, including population growth, urbanization, climate change, and water scarcity. The scarcity of water as a finite resource and its availability and quality hold paramount importance for sustaining life, facilitating economic development, and promoting environmental well-being. This paper presents a comprehensive study of the drinking water supply chain, comprising a Public Water System (PWS) and a Bottled Water Plant (BWP) with government intervention. The study investigates the role of the government in motivating the BWP to increase its production greenness level while supporting the PWS to enhance the quality of tap water for citizens. It also evaluates the government's efforts to decrease the final price of tap water by providing subsidies for households and managing tap water demand through increasing public awareness. Furthermore, the study employs dynamic analysis to account for changes in population water consumption and precipitation over time, dividing the households' drinking water demand into three phases. Additionally, the study takes into account rainfall conditions, their uncertainty for water supply, and their impact on PWS profit. We also develop mathematical modeling for water pricing and managing demand. The study employs concepts such as peak pricing and volumetric pricing for each stage and alterations in price that are penalty and incentivebased, depending on the amount of consumed water, season, or time of use. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to enhance the efficiency, sustainability, and profitability of drinking water supply chains. The paper offers a practical illustration to showcase the effectiveness of mathematical models in a real-world scenario. It concludes by conducting several sensitivity analyses on the primary parameters to derive insightful managerial implications.
Energy Consumption in Transport Sector and its Impact on Nepalese Economy
Authors: Rijal Kamal
Published: September 2024

Not Available.
ANALISIS SEKTOR PROGRESIF DAN KONTRIBUSI SEKTOR PERTANIAN TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN DI KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Fadholi Shidqi Mahendra , Widayanto Budi , Yani Permai Ni Made Suyastiri
Published: September 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk : 1) Menganalisis sektor progresif pada perekonomian di Kabupaten Sukoharjo, 2) Menganalisis kontribusi sektor pertanian terhadap perekonomian di Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif berjenis deskriptif dengan pengambilan data menggunakan data sekunder. Data yang digunakan adalah data produk domestik regional bruto (PDRB) Kabupaten Sukoharjo, data produk domestik regional bruto Provinsi Jawa Tengah tahun 2016-2020, data komoditas pertanian di Kabupaten Sukoharjo dan Provinsi Jawa tengah tahun 2016-2020. Analisis data menggunakan metode kontribusi dan shift share. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa: 1) Sektor progresif terdiri 6 sektor yaitu sektor konstruksi; sektor informasi dan komunikasi; sektor jasa kesehatan dan kegiatan sosial; sektor real estate; sektor jasa perusahaan; sektor jasa lainnya bahwa, 2) Sektor pertanian memiliki kontribusi terbesar ketiga pada perekonomian di Kabupaten Sukoharjo (8,27%), kontribusi pertama adalah industri pengolahan (38,37%), sektor perdagangan besar dan eceran reparasi mobil dan sepeda motor (18,28%) yang berarti sektor industri pengolahan, sektor perdagangan besar dan sektor pertanian berpengaruh terhadap perekonomian di Kabupaten Sukoharjo.
Strategi Pengembangan Produk Pada UMKM Keripik Belut Susanti di Klangkapan II Margoluwih Seyegan Sleman Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Dewina Tamara Alya , Senjawati Nanik Dara , Senjawati Nanik Dara
Published: September 2024

UMKM Keripik Belut Susanti merupakan sebuah usaha yang memproduksi dan memasarkan keripik belut. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah (1) Mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan faktor eksternal yang memengaruhi pengembangan produk pada UMKM Keripik Belut Susanti (2) Menganalisis strategi alternatif untuk mengembangkan UMKM Keripik Belut Susanti berdasarkan metode analisis IE dan SWOT (3) Menganalisis strategi terbaik untuk mengembangkan UMKM Keripik Belut Susanti berdasarkan metode analisis QSPM. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Untuk mengumpulkan data digunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, Focus Group Discussion (FGDs), kuesioner, dan dokumentasi. Untuk menganalisis data digunakan analisis matriks IFE, EFE, IE, SWOT, dan QSPM. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa (1) Faktor internal menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan utamanya adalah UMKM Keripik Belut Susanti memiliki produk dengan bahan baku yang berkualitas. Kelemahan utamanya adalah peralatan produksi yang masih sederhana. Faktor eksternal menunjukkan bahwa peluang utamanya adalah UMKM Keripik Belut Susanti telah menjalin kerjasama dengan supplier bahan baku di berbagai daerah baik di Yogyakarta maupun luar kota. Ancaman utamanya adalah persaingan ketat dengan produk keripik belut lainnya. (2) Tahap pencocokan matriks IE mendapatkan hasil analisis pada sel I. Tahap pencocokan matriks SWOT mendapatkan hasil analisis pada kuadran I dan nilai tertinggi merupakan strategi SO. (3) Tahap pengambilan keputusan dari matriks QSPM diperoleh strategi terbaik untuk mengembangkan UMKM Keripik Belut Susanti yaitu strategi meningkatkan kualitas produk.
A Case of an Isolated Parachute Mitral Valve: The Importance of Multimodal Imaging in Distinguishing Cardiac Abnormalities Within the Shone's Complex
Authors: Hodgins Sean
Published: September 2024

Few cases of isolated parachute mitral valve lesions have been documented. The presence of a parachute mitral valve generally coexists with three other left-sided obstructive lesions (supramitral valvular ring, subaortic stenosis, and aortic coarctation).1 Collectively, these abnormalities are termed the Shone's complex.1 Differentiation of isolated cases of parachute mitral valves, and those cases of congenital mitral stenosis occurring due to a partial or complete Shone's complex is crucial for proper patient management. As the degree of mitral stenosis worsens (because of the presence of other left-sided obstructive lesions) surgical interventions need to be appropriately tailored.2 The presence of additional cardiac abnormalities has the potential to impact the timing and approach of surgical intervention.3 Failure to document all other cardiac abnormalities can increase the chances of pulmonary hypertension after surgery and can adversely impact long-term surgical outcomes.4 Therefore, a careful routine echocardiographic examination should rule out any/all obstructive lesions that may impact surgical outcomes (particularly those related to the Shone's complex). A multimodality imaging approach is also recommended to ensure all diagnoses are made (especially in cases of technically difficult transthoracic images).
Acute Epididymo-Orchitis-Related Infarction of the Testicle: How Did Spectral Doppler Predict the Outcome?
Authors: Pilotte Manon , White Megan
Published: September 2024

Epididymo-orchitis (EO) can be easily managed but can be challenging and have dramatic effects in patients with a spinal cord injury (SCI). A 55-year-old man with a spinal cord injury (SCI) presented to the emergency department (ED) with a swollen and hardened left testicle. Ultrasound demonstrated a progression from retrograde diastolic flow to an avascular testicle suggesting infarction. Depending on the degree of infection the vascularity of the epididymis and testicle alters. A better understanding of the spectral Doppler beyond the classic differentiation between torsion and inflammation will increase the sensitivity of the sonogram. Calculating resistive indices when performing scrotal ultrasounds can only add to the accuracy of the diagnosis and predicted outcome. Colour and spectral Doppler should be obtained in all clinical circumstances.
Abernethy's Malformation – A Rare Congenital Defect Involving the IVC: A Case Report
Authors: Hughes Ashley
Published: September 2024

Abernethy’s malformation is a rare congenital defect that is often undetected. This is a case study of a 33-year-old woman who came into the emergency department following a motor vehicle accident. The patient’s main complaints were pain, nausea, and vomiting. Due to an extensive medical history with the hospital, along with many inherited disorders, diagnosis confirmation and management proved to be difficult. Computed tomography (CT) and sonography had been performed in the past; however, due to the emergent situation of the motor vehicle accident, CT users performed a contrast study, revealing a congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt bypassing the liver. This shunt is known as the Abernethy malformation. It presents with a wide variety of clinical findings, such as encephalopathy, liver lesions, and thromboembolism of aneurysms. However, all typical findings of this malformation were not present in our patient due to the rarity of the patient’s congenital bleeding disorders, thus masking Abernethy’s and preventing complications that would otherwise have allowed the malformation to be detected earlier.
Investigating the Role of Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Ho Kelly
Published: September 2024

It has long been acknowledged that plantar fasciitis is one of the most common causes of heel pain leading to alterations in daily life. Although frequently diagnosed through clinical applications, with musculoskeletal ultrasound emerging in the field of diagnostic imaging, it is now possible to not only diagnose plantar fasciitis but also treat the condition using ultrasound-guided fluid injection techniques. This article is a compilation designed to examine the condition, extrapolate upon literature reviews and common management options as well as to discuss sonographic techniques and features of plantar fasciitis. With greater knowledge of this incapacitating condition, patients within our care can be better informed and managed.
“Be Cool” Not Stressed: Scan Upper Extremity Vessels With Ease!
Authors: Arndt Lori
Published: September 2024

Generalist sonographers across Canada are usually very familiar with performing a venous duplex study of the lower extremity. Performing a venous duplex study of the upper extremities is not as commonly performed in the majority of clinic settings but this article is geared toward pointing out how easy ultrasound imaging of the upper extremity vessels can be. The focus of this article will be on the innominate, subclavian and the superficial veins of the arm. Deep veins of the upper arm and forearm will also be discussed.

Pathologies encountered in the upper extremity will also be mentioned along with correlative ultrasound images. A basic protocol for performing an upper arm deep venous thrombosis (DVT) study will be outlined. This article will hopefully be helpful for sonographers with all levels of experience by illustrating scanning techniques and tips that will aid in imaging the upper extremity vessels well.
Absent Cervical Gland, Cervical Length and Amniotic Fluid Sludge as Predictive Markers of Preterm Birth
Authors: Trieu Marcia , Zhu Cici , McGregor R , Barclay L. , Lopes Laudelino
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective

Preterm birth is one of the leading causes of neonatal and childhood death worldwide. Despite medical advancements, we often fail to predict and prevent preterm birth. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between three cervical markers: cervical length, absent cervical gland area, and amniotic fluid sludge with the incidence of preterm birth.

Material and Methods

A prospective, correlational research study, was conducted at the Department of Medical Imaging, Obstetrical Ultrasound Unit, London Health Sciences Centre Victoria Hospital Campus, London, Ontario, Canada from April 1 2014-June 1 2015. The target population was pregnant women, 18 to 45 years of age, who may or may not have a history of preterm labour. The inclusion criteria were singleton pregnancies between 16 and 23 weeks gestation. Participants were excluded if they had a multiple gestation, a fetal demise, fetal anomalies, previous surgeries of the cervix, (i.e. Loop Electrosurgical Excision procedure, cone biopsy), cervical cerclage, placenta previa, and/or any other indication for preterm delivery other than spontaneous labour. Participants were recruited at their antenatal visits or ultrasound appointments and informed consent was obtained. Transvaginal ultrasound of the cervix was performed to assess for cervical length, absent cervical gland area and amniotic fluid sludge and correlated with the incidence of preterm birth.

Results

Two-hundred and fifteen women participated in this study. Thirteen were removed from the final analysis. The final sampling totalled 202 participants. Twenty-five participants met the criteria for preterm birth, delivering less than 37 weeks gestational age. The prevalence of short cervical length, measuring less than 2.5 cm was 2.3% (4/177) in participants delivered full term and 12% (3/25) among participants that delivered preterm. Absent cervical gland area was 10.2% (18/177) in participants that delivered full term and 16.0% (4/25) among participants that delivered preterm. The prevalence of amniotic fluid sludge was 6.8% (12/177) in participants that delivered full term and 16% (4/25) among participants that delivered preterm.

Conclusion

Cervical length measurement less than 2.5 cm did prove to be statistically significant with the incidence of preterm birth. Absent cervical gland area and amniotic fluid sludge, however, did not demonstrate a statistically significant correlation. Cervical length measurement, absent cervical gland area and amniotic fluid sludge did not demonstrate an association with chorioamnionitis.
The Role of Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Morton's Neuroma
Authors: Dave Devanshi
Published: September 2024

Morton's neuroma is a condition of the common plantar digital nerve in the forefoot. It is chronic neuralgia caused by nerve degeneration. A focal enlargement of the nerve may be observed and patients often complain of the feeling of stepping on a pebble. Although it is clinically diagnosed, this article will investigate the use of ultrasound for diagnostic and treatment purposes. The pathology is often a secondary finding to a plantar digital nerve impingement, caused by multiple factors which will be discussed in this paper. Acknowledging the anatomy, transducer placement, sonographic features and variations will provide an accurate diagnosis and patients will be better managed.
José Carlos Mariátegui: Cuando la pedagogía conduce al neocolonialismo; algunas reflexiones sobre la educación
Authors: Ward Thomas
Published: September 2024

Generalmente se reconoce en el pensamiento de José Carlos Mariátegui su conciencia del “colonialismo supérstite” del medio peruano. Para aniquilarlo se opuso a la cultura española reinante en la sociedad y buscó otros modelos entre ellos el marxismo. Otra predisposición en sus teorías, infrecuentemente interpretada, se encuentra en el positivismo que le transmitieron las propuestas de Manuel V. Villarán, rector de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos cuya pedagogía se caracterizaba por dos elementos: un rechazo a la afinidad letrada de la pedagogía española y una propuesta centrada en una educación que fomente el comercio (las profesiones). El presente estudio efectuará un análisis de la sección de los Siete ensayos de interpretación de la literatura peruana de Mariátegui que dialogan con los ensayos “Las profesiones liberales en el Perú” y “El factor económico en la educación nacional” de Manuel Villarán. Se verá cómo se conjugan el marxismo y el positivismo en las propuestas pedagógicas de Mariátegui mostrando cómo, sin quererlo, el anticolonialismo de Mariátegui deja espacio para que entrara el neocolonialismo.
mirada crítica de Ricardo Palma sobre el aspecto gráfico de sus Tradiciones Peruanas (1872 – 1897)
Authors: Mondragón Miranda Mariela
Published: September 2024

La mirada crítica de Ricardo Palma sobre los aspectos gráficos de la imprenta en el Perú de fines del siglo xix, se plasmaron en torno a las transformaciones por las que pasó las Tradiciones Peruanas. Hemos analizado el contexto gráfico respecto a la imprenta, junto a la materialidad de las tres primeras ediciones, donde hemos visto el cambio de un libro de estética antigua en contexto moderno, hasta convertirse en una pieza bibliográfica artística e industrial; la cual también mereció la crítica de su autor. Esto nos permite conocer no solo a un Ricardo Palma escritor, sino, además, con un tenaz sentido estético.
Abraham Valdelomar: sentimiento patriótico
Authors: Valenzuela Noguera Ezequiel
Published: September 2024

El presente artículo revisa el trayecto literario y vital de Abraham Valdelomar Pinto (1888-1919) autocalificado como el “Conde de Lemos”, teniendo como trasfondo histórico - político la etapa de la República Aristocrática. Abraham Valdelomar se sitúa en su accionar político-literario entre dos grandes e importantes corrientes o generaciones, la del 900 y la del Centenario.
The web application for supporting temporarily relocated persons in Germany
Authors: Tuzenko O.A. , Volodin S.I.
Published: September 2024

In current article a process of development of the information system for Ukrainian refugees in Germany was researched. Though this group is the only target audience, the number of people who belongs to it is big. Germany has an extremely complex bureaucracy system, particularly in migration area, especially for refugees. Therefore, people who come to Germany require help, but the number of volunteers involved in this help decreases gradually. That’s why a need of the system which can help them to get through themselves is high. Most of the questions, related to integrations, the person is ought to solve on his own, and there is a lack of sources with systematized and differentiated information, the obtaining, gathering information about required actions and legal requirements is rather complex. The need of the supporting system for people’s orientation in new conditions, that would decrease the pressure on volunteers and help people to easier cope themselves. The current information system is created as a website, based on PHP programming stack particularly MySQL as a database management system, Laravel as PHP framework and Javascript in the framework React as frontend. One of the key problems aside of building web application itself is a problem of gathering and reorganizing various types of data, when its sources, types and obsolescence rate as so different in each particular case. Furthermore, the importance of user experience through data was investigated, especially in the circumstances when normal interviewing, creating focus groups and staged user testing is impossible, as well as it is impossible to test different types of data organization. The main purpose of the paper is an experience of development of web application, which can help to create an intelligible algorithm of actions for the person who just arrives to Germany, as well as provides you up-to-date and reliable information and reference about different aspects of adaptation in the country of residence as a person with protective status
Improvement of the model for calculating the protection coefficient of filtering respirators from harmful aerosol
Authors: Cheberiachko S. , Radchuk D. , Deryuhin O. , Cheberiachko Yu. , Naumov M. , Kravchenko B.
Published: September 2024

Research objective. Improvement of the model for calculating the protection coefficient of filtering respirators from harmful solid aerosol. Materials and methods. For the experimental determination of the protection coefficient of the filtering respirator according to the standard DSTU EN 149:2017 «Personal respiratory protective devices. Filtering half masks to protect against aerosols. Requirements, testing, marking» and the application of the method DSTU EN 13274-1:2005 «Personal respiratory protective devices. Methods of testing. Part 1. Determination of the penetration coefficient and the overall penetration coefficient», lightweight filtering half masks of «Standard» FFP2 type were used on volunteers. Results. The protection coefficient of the filtering respirators used on volunteers in laboratory conditions was calculated at the specified concentration of test aerosol in the ambient air by the standard testing method described in DSTU EN 13274-1:2005 «Personal respiratory protective devices. Methods of testing. Part 1. Determination of the penetration coefficient and the overall penetration coefficient» and takes into account the measurement error from the instruments not exceeding 10%. A comparison of the obtained indicators of the protection coefficient of filtering respirators in laboratory conditions and with the developed theoretical model, taking into account particle deposition in the sampling probe and submask space during the exhalation process, showed a good agreement of the indicators by the Student's t-test criterion. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty lies in the development of a model for calculating the protection coefficient of filtering respirators based on the assessed mass distribution function of aerosol particles in the breathing zone; penetration function through the gap between the face and the half mask, taking into account the inhalation and exhalation process, as well as particle deposition in the sampling probe. Practical significance of the work lies in the development of a formula for the theoretical determination of the protection coefficient of filtering respirators, which is used to calculate the professional risk of pneumoconiosis among users
Diferentes sistemas de produção de bovinos de corte em pastagem, confinamento convencional e confinamento a partir do desmame sobre desempenho animal, características de carcaça e custo de produção
Authors: Ferracini Jéssica Geralda , Pauly Jean Fagner , Freire Henrique Rorato , Saraiva Bianka Rocha , Vital Ana Carolina Pelaes , Prado Ivanor Nunes do
Published: September 2024

The beef cattle production system has shown significant evolution in the quantity and quality of meat, turning Brazil into its second largest producer and first exporter in the world. In addition to production, Brazil is experiencing significant advances in meat quality with the aim of reaching more demanding markets, both internally and externally. This review aims to update the knowledge on beef carcass production and evaluation systems after the beginning of the new millennium. The new knowledge discussed regards the evolution of production systems, starting from a pasture system, migrating to a system herein called conventional, and ending with a more intensive system that is the finishing of uncastrated cattle in feed-lots with rations of high energy and protein density. In addition to the concepts on breeding, rearing and fattening systems, the evolutions observed in slaughter and carcass dressing will also be presented.
Inflammation and Cancer: The Most Recent Findings
Authors: Omiyale Olumakinde , Awolade Rosemary , Oyetade Oladayo , Onuh Kenneth , Chiemela Divine , Odunlade Goshen , Shodipe Opeoluwa , Demola Muhammad , Agbanobi Maro , Edema Adeleye , Ayeni Olanrewaju , Samuel Happiness
Published: September 2024

An in-depth investigation into the complicated relationship between inflammation and cancer provided new findings. We explored new developments that shone a light on the involvement of inflammation in the emergence of many cancers in this study. What we know of this complex interaction has been shaped over time by historical observations that have transformed into molecular mechanistic findings. Understanding the importance of the invasion of immune cells in tumor micro-surroundings, gaining knowledge of the signaling mechanisms that control inflammation-induced carcinogenesis, and identifying inflammatory agents as possible biomarkers for diagnosis and the outlook may lead to novel therapeutic strategies and improved patient outcomes. The combination of immunotherapies and other treatment techniques offers a promising way to enhance therapeutic effects. The development of novel therapies like adoptive T-cell therapy and oncolytic viral therapy further emphasizes how far we have come. The need to manage immune evasion mechanisms and improve these therapeutic approaches further are still problems. We describe the intriguing possibility of using inflammation as a tool for targeted treatment for cancer in this investigation, with possibilities for better patient outcomes and alternative treatment methods.
Analisis Multiple Intelligence dalam Pembelajaran Biologi
Authors: Fuadiyah Sadiatul , Sriyati Siti , Kumalasari Lita , Melta Defrian
Published: September 2024

Multiple intelligence theory can be used as a basis for assessing children's intelligence potential, the results or multiple intelligence profiles will be very useful for guidance and education. The challenges of era 4.0 and the characteristics of today's generation of learners encourage teachers to be able to innovate and develop the learning process continuously. One of the innovations that can be carried out is the implementation of multiple intelligence-based learning. For this reason, it is necessary to know the multiple intelligences that can be accommodated in learning biology on cell material. This research is a descriptive narrative research. The sample taken was total sampling using subjects as many as 7 grade 8 students and 1 science teacher. The research was conducted at Equal Bright School Bandung because this school is based on multiple intelligence in its learning. Data collection techniques were conducted by direct observation techniques to see the implementation of biology learning, interview sheets to describe learning from teachers and students, documentation in the form of photos and videos and multiple intelligence inventory questionnaire adapted from McKenzie (1999). The data collected from the analysis of lesson plans, interviews and multiple intelligence questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive methods, the calculations carried out in the form of categorization.Ã‚Â  The results of the research show that the teachers' learning of the biology of the cells can facilitate several multiple intelligences, kinesthetic, naturalistic, interpersonal, visual-spatial, verbal and intrapersonal. The creation of a biology learning plan based on multiple intelligence and learning in the classroom is based on the dominant intelligence of the student.
Penggunaan jamur merang (Volvariella volvacea) sebagai bahan peningkat nilai gizi dan organoleptik pada produk nugget
Authors: Dwiani Afe , Rahman Suburi , Waris Abdul
Published: September 2024

Nugget is a highly nutritious chicken product, especially protein, but lacks fibre. The addition of other ingredients, namely fibre-rich merang mushrooms, is expected to increase the fibre content, which is lacking in nugget products, and maintain the protein nutrition and organoleptics. This study aims to determine the effect of substituting Merang mushroom on the chemical and organoleptic nutritional value of nuggets. This study used RAL with 5 treatments, namely N1 (0% Merang mushroom substitution), N2 (25% Merang mushroom substitution), N3 (50% Merang mushroom substitution), N4 (75% Merang mushroom substitution) and N5 (100% Merang mushroom). The results obtained were analysed with analysis of variance at the 5% level using SPSS 15.0. Significantly different results were tested using the Tukey test. The results showed that the nuggets with Merang mushroom substitution that complied with SNI 6683-2014 and was the best treatment based on chemical quality (moisture content, protein content and crude fibre) and hedonic organoleptic (colour, aroma, taste and texture) was treatment N2 (25% Merang mushroom substitution), which produced 59. 66% moisture content; 9.22% protein content; 17.67% fibre content, with a colour score of 3.75 (criteria like); aroma 3.65 (criteria like); taste 3.30 (criteria somewhat like) and texture 3.60 (criteria like).
Interconversions of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition products of azomethine ylides and ylidenemalononitriles
Authors: Borisova S. V. , Meshcheryakova A. A. , Sorokin V. V.
Published: September 2024

New substituted spiropyrrole(zi)dynes were synthesized by the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of ylidenemalononitriles and azomethine ylides generated in situ by condensation of isatin and α-amino acids (sarcosine, proline). The products′s features of the regio- and diastereochemical structure were elucidated depending on the nature of the amino acid and the reaction conditions. Based on data from the analysis of the spectra of cycloaddition products obtained under various conditions, as well as some additional experiments, a probable scheme for the formation of products was proposed, including retro-1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and the retro-Mannich reaction. Methods for the selective synthesis of isomeric spiropyrrolizidines were developed.
Influence of Interval Hypoxic Training in Different Regimes on the Blood Parameters of Rats
Authors: Baranova K. A. , Zenko M. Y. , Rybnikova E. A.
Published: September 2024

The development of ways to increase the adaptive reserves of the body and resistance to negative factors continues to be an urgent problem for physiology, which has a significant translational potential in the fields of healthcare, sports, cosmonautics and the national economy. Long-term authors studies have proved the promise in this respect of hypoxic hypobaric conditioning in a pressure chamber. In the present study, the principles of hypobaric conditioning were transferred to the model of normobaric intermittent hypoxia/normoxia caused by the inhalation of gas mixtures, which is widely used in practice for human interval hypoxic training. A comparative experimental analysis of molecular and cellular changes in the blood of rats in response to three-day interval hypoxic training at 9, 12, or 16% O2 in the mixture was carried out using an automated setup. It was shown that the most intense and effective 3 × 9% O2 regimen, in terms of duration and amplitude, had the greatest effect on the parameters of the clinical blood test of rats, initiating an increase in the number of erythrocytes and a decrease in the variability of their volumes, and causing a shift in the balance of lymphokine and monokine effects towards a calm activation reaction. On the first day after training at 9 and 12% oxygen, the total antioxidant capacity of serum significantly decreased, followed by rapid normalization, which fits into the dynamics of the reaction of pro- and antioxidant systems to non-damaging hypoxia. The stimulating effect of all the studied regimens of interval training on the basal and stress activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system, characteristic of conditioning, was revealed. All detected post-training changes can be attributed to the basic adaptive mechanisms that increase resistance to adverse factors.
Desmin degradation in the skeletal muscle of patients with chronic critical illness
Authors: Zaripova К. А. , Tyganov S. А. , Turtikova О. V. , Skiteva Е. N. , Zabrodskaya Y. М. , Kondratiev S. А. , Kondratieva Е. А. , Kondratiev А. N. , Shenkman B. S.
Published: September 2024

Critical illness myopathy (CIM) is a primary myopathy that develops in critically ill patients. Histologic features of CIM include a general decrease in muscle fiber cross-sectional area and a predominant loss of the motor protein myosin. These features are observed in the absence of inflammatory infiltrates but with detectable cytokine activation. The purpose of this study was to examine the state of the extracellular matrix of the human soleus muscle under conditions of CIM caused by chronic impairment of consciousness. Incisional muscle biopsies were taken from the soleus muscle of 6 patients who were in a chronic critical condition and were treated in the Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation at the A.L. Polenov Russian Research Institute - branch of the Almazov National Medical Research Center. The study included patients with a chronic impairment of consciousness lasting at least 2 months. Muscle biopsies taken from healthy men were used as controls. The biopsies were obtained using needle biopsy under local anesthesia. Using histological staining of tissue sections, it was determined that patients with CIM exhibited a significant increase in collagen area, surpassing the control value by 82%. An increased mRNA content of collagens I, III, and VIa was also observed, along with an increase in the protein content of collagen I and III. At the same time, we did not observe any changes in the content of fibronectin and extracellular tissue growth factor mRNA. However, we did observe an increase in the mRNA of the integrin A7 subunit. The results obtained indicate significant skeletal muscle fibrosis under CIM conditions. Further studies on the signaling pathways that regulate this process are needed.
Anakinra Promotes M2 Microglia Activation during the Latent Phase of the Lithium-Pilocarpine Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Zakharova M. V. , Dyomina A. V. , Kovalenko A. A. , Zubareva O. E. , Ischenko A. M. , Zaitsev A. V.
Published: September 2024

Astrocytes and microglia and their polarization are thought to contribute to the progression of epilepsy. One of the processes affecting polarization is neuroinflammation, which plays an important role in epileptogenesis. However, the specific mechanisms of its involvement in shifting the pro- and anti-inflammatory reactivation of astro- and microglia have not been clarified. In this study, we examined the effect of 7-day interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra) administration on glial cell polarization during the latent phase of the lithium-pilocarpine model in 7-week-old male Wistar rats. In temporal cortex, dorsal and ventral hippocampus the mRNA expression levels of the following genes were analyzed: (i) markers of astroglia (S100b) and microglia (Aif1) activation, (ii) astrocytic proteins involved in glutamate transport and metabolism (Slc1a3, Glul, Gja1), (iii) pro-inflammatory pathway interleukin-1β (Nlrp3, Il1b, Il1rn) and transforming growth factor β1 (Tgfb1), (iv) markers of astroglia polarization (Lcn2, S100a10, Gbp2, Ptx3), and (v) microglia polarization (Nos2 and Arg1). The mRNA expression levels of S100b and Aif1 were significantly increased, and anakinra administration did not reduce their overexpression. This indicates reactivation of astroglia and microglia regardless of the anakinra administered. The expression of Slc1a3, Glul, and Gja1 genes increased in the hippocampus; anakinra administration did not affect their hyperexpression, but promoted increased expression of Gja1 in the temporal cortex. The mRNA production of Lcn2, S100a10, Gbp2, Ptx3, Nlrp3, Il1b, Il1rn and Tgfb1 increased in all structures. Administration of anakinra reduced the gene expression of Il1b. Among the markers of microglia polarization, downregulation of Arg1 expression in the dorsal hippocampus and Nos2 expression in the temporal cortex was detected. Anakinra administration enhanced the decrease in Nos2 expression and restored the level of Arg1 expression to control values. Thus, anakinra administration did not affect the intensity of glial cell reactivation, but improved M2 reactivation of microglia.
Glioma stem cells remodel immunotolerant microenvironment in GBM and are associated with therapeutic advancements
Authors: Fei Xifeng , Wu Jie , Tian Haiyan , Jiang Dongyi , Chen Hanchun , Yan Ke , Wang Yuan , Zhao Yaodong , Chen Hua , Xie Xiangtong , Wang Zhimin , Zhu Wenyu , Huang Qiang
Published: September 2024

Glioma is the most common primary tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Glioblastoma (GBM) is incurable with current treatment strategies. Additionally, the treatment of recurrent GBM (rGBM) is often referred to as terminal treatment, necessitating hospice-level care and management. The presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) gives GBM a more challenging or “cold” tumor microenvironment (TME) than that of other cancers and gloma stem cells (GSCs) play an important role in the TME remodeling, occurrence, development and recurrence of giloma. In this review, our primary focus will be on discussing the following topics: niche-associated GSCs and macrophages, new theories regarding GSC and TME involving pyroptosis and ferroptosis in GBM, metabolic adaptations of GSCs, the influence of the cold environment in GBM on immunotherapy, potential strategies to transform the cold GBM TME into a hot one, and the advancement of GBM immunotherapy and GBM models.
IL-10 and IL-18: Key players in liver damage associated with hepatitis A virus infection
Authors: Hussein Zahraa A. , Al-Ahmar Saif D.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

Hepatitis A virus infection is a health threat with multiple transmission patterns across areas, It is evaluated using immune response markers IL-10 and IL-18, along with molecular and biochemical diagnostic methods for accurate diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE:

The association between liver damage and interleukin-10 and interleukin-18 levels in people with hepatitis A virus infection as indications of the risk of acute liver failure.

METHODS:

110 samples were collected from Iraqi individuals from both sexes and different age groups [Formula: see text] 1 to [Formula: see text] 25, including 60 patients and 50 healthy people. All samples were collected from a hospital in Diwaniyah city, and the infection was confirmed by antiHAV IgM titers and One-Step RT-PCR. ELISA was used to determine the levels of IL-10 and IL-18, while Biochemical tests measured for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total serum Bilirubin (TSB) in serum.

RESULTS:

In this study, IL-10 levels were higher in HAV patients (0.12 [Formula: see text] 0.06 ng/L) compared to controls (0.11 [Formula: see text] 0.04 ng/L), but the difference was not significant ([Formula: see text] 0.17). Conversely, IL-18 levels were significantly elevated in patients (1.41 [Formula: see text] 0.71) versus controls (0.58 [Formula: see text] 0.35) ([Formula: see text] 0.00). Biochemical tests showed significantly elevated levels in HAV patients: ALT (170.18 [Formula: see text] 117.67 vs. 21.25 [Formula: see text] 7.41), AST (183.05 [Formula: see text] 128.13 vs. 26.00 [Formula: see text] 7.69), ALP (607.68 [Formula: see text] 214.93 vs. 202.02 [Formula: see text] 121.35), and TSB (2.77 [Formula: see text] 2.5 vs. 0.55 [Formula: see text] 0.14) (all [Formula: see text] 0.001). These findings underscore the potential of IL-10 and IL-18 as biomarkers for HAV severity and highlight their role in liver injury.

CONCLUSION:

Our study highlights the important roles of IL-10 and IL-18 in acute hepatitis A and reveals their impact on the immune response and liver damage. Elevated levels of IL-10, IL-18 and Biochemical tests are associated with disease severity, suggesting their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve the management of HAV infection.
An effective attack detection framework using multi-scale depth-wise separable 1DCNN via fused grasshopper-based lemur optimizer in IoT routing system
Authors: Marapatla Ajay Dilip Kumar , E Ilavarasan
Published: September 2024

A secured IoT routing model against different attacks has been implemented to detect attacks like replay attacks, version attacks, and rank attacks. These attacks cause certain issues like energy depletion, minimized packet delivery, and loop creation. By mitigating these issues, an advanced attack detection approach for secured IoT routing techniques with a deep structured scheme is promoted to attain an efficient attack detection rate over the routing network. In the starting stage, the aggregation of data is done with the help of IoT networks. Then, the selected weighted features are subjected to the Multiscale Depthwise Separable 1-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks (MDS-1DCNN) approach for attack detection, in which the parameters in the 1-DCNN are tuned with the aid of Fused Grasshopper-aided Lemur Optimization Algorithm (FG-LOA). The parameter optimization of the FG-LOA algorithm is used to enlarge the efficacy of the approach. Especially, the MDS-1DCNN model is used to detect different attacks in the detection phase. The attack nodes are mitigated during the routing process using the developed FG-LOA by formulating the fitness function based on certain variables such as shortest distance, energy, path loss and delay, and so on in the routing process. Finally, the performances are examined through the comparison with different traditional methods. From the validation of outcomes, the accuracy value of the developed attack detection model is 96.87%, which seems to be better than other comparative techniques. Also, the delay analysis of the routing model based on FG-LOA is 17.3%, 12.24%, 10.41%, and 15.68% more efficient than the classical techniques like DHOA, HBA, GOA, and LOA, respectively. Hence, the effectualness of the offered approach is more enriched than the baseline approaches and also it has mitigated diverse attacks using secured IoT routing and different attack models.
Analyzing deep textual facial patterns for human pain sentiment recognition system in smart healthcare framework
Authors: Ghosh Anay , Umer Saiyed , Dhara Bibhas Chandra , Rout Ranjeet Kumar
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Patient sentiment analysis aids in identifying issue areas, timely remediation, and improved patient care by the healthcare professional. The relationship between pain management and patient sentiment analysis is crucial to providing patients with high-quality medical care. Therefore, a self-reported pain level assessment is required for the smart healthcare framework to determine the best course of treatment. OBJECTIVE: An efficient method for a pain sentiment recognition system has been proposed based on the analysis of human facial emotion patterns of patients in the smart healthcare framework. METHODS: The proposed system has been implemented in four phases: (i) in the first phase, the facial regions of the observation patient have been detected using the computer vision-based face detection technique; (ii) in the second phase, the extracted facial regions are analyzed using deep learning based feature representation techniques to extract discriminant and crucial facial features to analyze the level of pain emotion of patient; (iii) the level of pain emotions belongs from macro to micro facial expressions, so, some advanced feature tunning and representation techniques are built along with deep learning based features such as to distinguish low to high pain emotions among the patients in the third phase of the implementation, (iv) finally, the performance of the proposed system is enhanced using the score fusion techniques applied on the obtained deep pain recognition models for the smart healthcare framework. RESULTS: The performance of the proposed system has been tested using two standard facial pain benchmark databases, the UNBC-McMaster shoulder pain expression archive dataset and the BioVid Heat Pain Dataset, and the results are compared with some existing state-of-the-art methods employed in this research area. CONCLUSIONS: From extensive experiments and comparative studies, it has been concluded that the proposed pain sentiment recognition system performs remarkably well compared to the other pain recognition systems for the smart healthcare framework.
Lung nodule detection using Eyrie Flock-based Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Gedam Ajit Narendra , Ajalkar Deepika A. , Rumale Aniruddha S.
Published: September 2024

PROBLEM: Lung cancer is a dangerous and deadly disease with high mortality and reduced survival rates. However, the lung nodule diagnosis performance is limited by its heterogeneity in terms of texture, shape, and intensity. Furthermore, the high degree of resemblance between the lung nodules and the tissues that surround the lung nodules makes the building of a reliable detection model more difficult. Moreover, there are several methods for diagnosing and grading lung nodules; still, the accuracy of detection with the variations in intensity is a challenging task. AIM & METHODS: For the detection of lung nodules and grading, this research proposes an Eyrie Flock Optimization-based Deep Convolutional Neural Network (Eyrie Flock-DeepCNN). The proposed Eyrie Flock Optimization integrates the fishing characteristics of Eyrie’s and the flocking characteristics of Tusker to accelerate the convergence speed which inturns enhance the training process and improve the generalization performance of the DeepCNN model. In the Eyrie Flock optimization, two optimal issues are considered: (i) segmenting the lung nodule and (ii) fine-tuning hyperparameters of Deep CNN. RESULTS: The capability of the newly developed method is evaluated by the terms of Specificity, Sensitivity, and Accuracy, attaining 98.96%, 95.21%, and 94.12%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Efficiently utilized the Deep CNN along with the help of the Eyrie Flock optimization algorithm which enhances the efficiency of the classifier and convergence of the model.