bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mini Special Issue on the Role of Quantitative Questionnaire Surveys on the “Build Back Better” Component of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015–2030): The Life Recovery Survey Five Years After the Great East Japan Earthquake
Authors: Hayashi Haruo , Tamura Keiko , Kimura Reo
Published: January 2022

This special issue focuses on “Build Back Better,” which is the key concept of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015–2030). The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction provides United Nations member states and economies concrete actions to protect their economic development achievements from disaster risk. However, how “Build Back Better” can be measured and linked to disaster risk reduction remain unclear.

Three papers here analyze the results of the “Life Recovery Survey Five Years After the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake,” which was conducted in June of 2016. The first Life Recovery Survey was conducted four years after the 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake to document the extent to which the disaster victims had been able to rebuild their lives. Subsequently, the survey was conducted every two years until ten years after the earthquake. The survey was also conducted in the areas affected by the 2004 Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake and the 2007 Niigata Chuetsu-Oki Earthquake. Five years after the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011, the present authors conducted a survey to document the actual situation of the disaster victims in Iwate, Miyagi, and Fukushima prefectures, which were the hardest hit by the disaster.

In addition, we analyzed the history of Nankai Trough earthquakes with the goal of preparing for the next Nankai Trough earthquake, which is predicted to occur in the near future. These results make it possible to identify issues and make recommendations on the kinds of systems that should be implemented.

It is our hope that this special issue will provide basic data to elucidate these issues.
KONSTRUKSI IDENTITAS MAHASISWA DALAM BERMEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Balqis Aisyah Annya , Eva Rosalia Carissa , Danu Ayustina Fitri , Iqbal Fawwaz Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konstruksi identitas mahasiswa dalam bermedia sosial. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode etnografi digital dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan mengenai bagaimana konstruksi identitas mahasiswa dalam bermedia sosial Instagram, hal ini juga berkaitan dengan pengguna aktif media sosial yang kebanyakan digunakan oleh kaum remaja. Dalam penggunaan media sosial Instagram sendiri memiliki berbagai motif dan tujuan yang tidak hanya untuk menunjukkan keseharian namun juga dalam menampilkan citra diri melalui dunia maya. Identitas yang ditunjukkan oleh mahasiswa melalui Instagram pada bahasan penelitian ini sejalan dengan konsep Peter L. Berger mengenai konsep konstruksi identitas yang akan digunakan sebagai analisis penelitian dan dilengkapi dengan konsep manajemen kesan Erving Goffman.
PRODUKSI KELAS PREKARIAT OLEH PERGURUAN TINGGI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Saktiyanti Jahja Rusfadia
Published: January 2022

Studi ini menjelaskan praktik sosial produksi kelas prekariat yang dilakukan oleh perguruan tinggi di Indonesia. Berbeda dengan studi-studi terdahulu yang lebih melihat praktik diskriminasi sosial pada prekariat (Standing,2010; Yasih 2019). Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam dan analisis data sekunder terhadap kondisi pekerja kontrak di perkotaan. Studi ini lebih menjelaskan bagaimana perguruan tinggi sebagai institusi pendidikan turut berkontribusi melahirkan prekariat-prekariat baru. Hal ini kemudian dilegitimasi oleh berbagai peraturan ketenagakerjaan  dan kurikulum pendidikan yang sangat berorientasi pada kebutuhan pasar tenaga kerja. Di sisi lain, perguruan tinggi dengan desain kurikulum kampus merdeka harus menyesuaikan diri dengan selera pasar, perkembangan teknologi dan globalisasi yang dibalut dengan keterbatasan infrastruktur.
The Creative Thinking Skill of Biological Learning Students at Candi Baru High School
Authors: Hayya Adieba Warda
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to describe the skill of students to think creatively about Biology at Candi Baru high school (HS). The study used a qualitative approach using a case study method. The population in this study was students of Candi Baru HS from the academic year 2016/2017. This research uses randomized cluster sampling. Samples were XI Mathematic and Science (MIA) 6, 7, and 8 classes. Data collected by observation and document collection, using a human instrument, an observation sheet and a categorization sheet. Data research included the quality of the student's; answers, works, and responses during the learning process. Data analysis was carried out descriptively by comparing the results of the research with information derived from literature or theory. The results showed that students' level of creative thinking skill is still low and the assessment provided by the teacher has not reached the students' creative thinking skill.
Daya Antimikroba Sabun “Umak Clink” Cymbopogon nordus
Authors: Lestari Fitria , Susanti Ivoni
Published: January 2022

Serai wangi merupakan salah satu potensi lokal yang dikembangkan oleh Pemerintah Kota Lubuklinggau yang tersebar salah satunya di Kecamatan Lubuklinggau Timur I. Adanya senyawa aktif seperti alkaloid, flavanoid, tanin, dan minyak atsiri dimanfaatkan oleh Pemerintah untuk diolah menjadi berbagai produk seperti parfum, Lotion pengusir nyamuk, handsanitizer, dan kerajinan tangan. Hasil olahan dari serai wangi akan meninggalkan limbah cairan yang kurang dimanfaatkan, sehingga untuk meminimalisir dampak tersebut, maka limbah akan diolah menjadi “Umak Clink” yaitu sabun cuci piring dari limbah serai wangi. Sabun cuci piring dipilih dikarenakan merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok dan kebutuhan wajib yang harus ada di dalam rumah tangga sehingga menjadi pengeluran tetap per minggu ataupun per bulan, serta teknologi pengolahan ini belum ada di Kota Lubuklinggau. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri sabun cair cuci piring “Umak Clink dari limbah serai wangi. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen laboratorium dengan menguji aktivitas limbah serai wangi terhadap bakteri Salmonella thyposa dan Eischericia coli. Teknik analisis data adalah dengan mendeskripsikan hasil penelitian yang didapat yaitu berupa uji organoleptik, pH, tinggi busa, dan daya antibakteri dengan mengukur zona bening yang terbentuk. Sabun cair cuci piring “Umak Clink” memiliki daya antibakteri yang dibuktikan dengan terbentuknya zona hambat pada media Na yang digoresi dengan E.coli dan S. thyposa masing-masing sebesar 8,5 mm dan 11,7 mm.
A Healthy Indonesian Traditional Food Against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria (MRSA)
Authors: Masri Mashuri , Hafsan Hafsan , Ibrahim Ibrahim , Maretha Delima Engga , Tridesianti Siska
Published: January 2022

Penjang Pangi merupakan makanan tradisional yang terdiri atas bawang putih (Allium sativum), sereh (Cymbopogon citratus), pangi (Pangium edule). Pada penelitian ini, Penjang pangi di ekstrak dengan pelarut n-heksan, etanol dan methanol, masing masing  pada konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 15%. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak Penjang Pangi di uji ke Bakteri Methicillin Resisten Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar kertas cakram. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pelarut n-heksan dan etanol tidak memperlihatkan aktivitas antibakteri. Metanol 15% memperlihatkan aktivitas antibakteri dengan rata-rata zona hambat yang dibentuk 15 mm, 13.67 mm, dan 13 mm. Daya hambat yang dibentuk ekstrak Penjang Pangi tergolong sangat aktif, karena diatas >8 mm.

 

Kata kunci: Aktivitas antibakteri, Penjang Pangi, Bakteri Methicillin Resisten Staphylococcus aureus.
PRÓLOGO. Sociedad e identidad en el audiovisual latinoamericano y español
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Jimeno Ricardo , Fabbro Gabriela ,   Universidad Austral
Published: January 2022

A lo largo del siglo XX, los medios audiovisuales han sido los constructores más potentes de imaginarios sociales e identitarios. En el siglo XXI, la realidad de la globalización, la generalización de Internet y de las redes sociales y el surgimiento de las plataformas de consumo online han impulsado exponencialmente el intercambio cultural de dichos imaginarios. Se ha conformado así una cultura global que aglutina, de forma paradójica, la homogeneidad y la diversidad. Como explican Mercado y Hernández Oliva (2010, p. 229), “el proceso de globalización ha generado, por un lado, nuevas identidades como resultado de la apertura de fronteras y por otro, la reivindicación de lo propio, por parte de ciertos grupos que se resisten a abandonar su cultura”.
Atlas de imagens macroscópicas
Authors: Mendes Ricardo Evandro , Felicetti Perosa Fernanda
Published: January 2022

Apresenta-se nesse capítulo fotos das principais lesões macroscópicas descritas na casuística do volume 2 do Boletim de Diagnóstico do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária.
Sustainable Recovery: Post-Pandemic Transitioning
Authors: Ben-Naceur Kamel
Published: January 2022

The world’s recovery from the pandemic is still fragile. Progress has been made in global vaccinations with 7.3 billion doses administrated by early November (51% of the world’s population having received at least one dose of vaccine). However, there is a huge disparity between countries such as the UAE, which is leading with more than 98% of its population vaccinated, compared to some African countries with less than 2% coverage.

We are also seeing the emergence of a fifth wave of COVID-19 cases in the Northern Hemisphere, possibly because of the loosening of protection requirements. On the positive side, people’s mobility patterns have nearly recovered for land transportation. The International Air Transport Association, which monitors airline activity, noted a surge in travel bookings for the second half of 2022. This is a welcome relief for the airline industry, which has seen its worst crisis in more than 60 years, and recovery could be occurring before the anticipated time frame of 2025.

The ability to travel safely is a critical requirement for SPE’s larger in-person events. The 2021 Annual Technology Conference and Exhibition (ATCE) held in Dubai a few weeks ago was excellent. ATCE sessions remain available on demand, so please check some very engaging discussions/presentations.

We held a handful of hybrid events in November, including a large ADIPEC in Abu Dhabi and the first SPE Eastern Europe Subsurface Conference in Kyiv, Ukraine. Congratulations to the new Kyiv section that opened last month—great work by the volunteers, the supporting organizations, and the SPE support staff. The number of events will be increasing over the coming months, in particular the in-person part of Offshore Europe in February 2022 (the virtual conference was held in September 2021).

We also held the SPE YP Congress in November (congratulations to the Young Member Engagement Committee and the volunteers). The event attracted many YPs and students from around the world to brainstorm via “ideathon” teams about innovative solutions to make the energy industry more sustainable.

I was invited to the COP26 in Glasgow last month and had the opportunity to discuss critical aspects of the energy transition. As demonstrated by the IPCC Assessment Report 6, WG1, published in August, there are very concerning trends about the evolution of mean surface temperatures. The COP21 meeting in Paris in 2015 raised the level of ambition for action to safeguard our planet, but the Accord left some undefined clauses such as Article 6, which “aims at promoting integrated, holistic, and balanced approaches that will assist governments in implementing their National Determined Contributions through voluntary international cooperation.” A properly designated cooperation mechanism would establish a policy foundation for a global emission trading system.
Gazprom Neft Courts Middle East NOCs With Digital Technologies as it Seeks Bigger Role in the Region
Authors: Jacobs Trent
Published: January 2022

Far from the Siberian gas fields that it is best known for producing, Gazprom Neft—the oil-focused subsidiary of Gazprom—is taking steps toward a larger footprint in the Middle East. The Russian oil company said it wants to open doors in the region by opening up its portfolio of advanced technologies to national oil companies (NOCs) there.

To that end, Gazprom Neft chose this year’s SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition (ATCE) held in Dubai to showcase half a dozen proprietary developments, some of which remain in the R&D phase while others are being used companywide. They included an in-house-developed hydraulic fracturing simulator, drilling advisory and automation software, a new material for drill bits, and digital twins for its facilities.

Each represents a major investment of time and resources, but the majority state-owned Gazprom Neft said it doesn’t necessarily want cash from those who might use the fruits of its labor; it wants relationships.

“We are not a sales company, we are an oil and gas company,” said Roman Sokolov, the manager of international technology scouting and commercialization at Gazprom Neft. Speaking from the company’s booth at the industry conference, he explained that Gazprom Neft is looking to exchange experiences with other operators “rather than commercializing in the traditional sense.

“Essentially, we are open to partnerships and that’s why we are here—to show [what] we have in our portfolios and see what people are offering,” he added.

Unlike several of the largest US and European oil companies, Gazprom Neft’s Middle East exposure today is relatively modest. It operates a single development, the Sarqala field in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, where production is reported to be about 33,000 B/D.

In 2019, however, Gazprom Neft began its quest to enter the growing UAE market by inking a wide-ranging collaboration agreement with the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) spanning everything from joint assessments of concession blocks to sharing digital technologies.

At ATCE, the Gazprom Neft delegation made clear it wants to build stronger ties with other NOCs too, including Dubai’s Dragon Oil and Abu Dhabi’s Mubadala Petroleum.

Gazprom Neft’s new friendship campaign comes against the backdrop of economic sanctions that the US and members of the European Union imposed on Russia following its military actions against Ukraine in 2014. As a result, Russian energy companies have been forced to rely more on domestic innovation to keep pace with international rivals on things such as the digital revolution and shale production.

This is of course a position that is somewhat familiar to the Russian oil and gas story. As many remember, it was Russian engineers working inside the then Soviet Union who are credited with making key advances in horizontal drilling during the Cold War in the 1960s.
North Africa Builds Back With the Rise of Egypt and East Med Gas
Authors: Szymczak Pat Davis
Published: January 2022

With Europe facing winter gas shortages, North Africa’s role as an energy supplier is in the spotlight, particularly as Algeria’s 1 November closure of the Maghreb–Europe Gas Pipeline to Spain via Morocco further tightens volumes of gas that Europe can import.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) projects a 40% drop in Europe’s domestic gas production by 2025 outside of Norway, with the Netherlands and the UK accounting for more than 80% of that decrease.

The Netherlands is closing its Groningen field, source of almost half the country’s production in 2019 but also a cause of earthquakes. Its output will be cut by more than 50% to 3.9 Bcm in the year through October 2022, which will be the last year of regular production, according to the Dutch government. The UK cannot seem to offset declining North Sea production despite Total’s 2018 Glendronach discovery in the West of the Shetland Island area and its 2019 Glengorm discovery in the central North Sea with China’s CNOOC.

Norwegian production remains flat, averaging 120 Bcm per year over the next 5 years, the IEA reports.

And despite the energy policy voiced from Brussels that focuses mostly on renewables, few in the know dispute that gas is and will remain a critical component of the energy transition moving forward for transport, power generation, and as a feedstock to produce hydrogen.

North Africa can provide gas—specifically from the Eastern Mediterranean where Egypt, Israel, Cyprus, and Greece are developing a world-class resource base while Cairo positions itself, buoyed by support from the EU and the US, as a regional hub for pipeline gas to Europe as well as LNG and electricity distribution between North Africa, the Middle East, and Europe.

North Africa’s Future Shifts From Sand to Deep Water

Eni is Egypt’s largest gas producer. The Italian major is active across the North African upstream, investing in new exploration in Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, and Algeria, but its crown jewel is Egypt’s Zohr gas field in which it has a 50% operator interest and partners with Russia’s Rosneft (30%), BP (10%), and Abu Dhabi’s Mubadala Petroleum (10%).

The Zohr gas field is located in the Shorouk concession which Eni holds under a production-sharing agreement with Egypt. Situated 190 km north of Port Said, Zohr is Egypt’s largest-ever gas discovery and the largest-ever discovery in the Mediterranean Sea.

Eni brought Zohr’s gas on stream in record time, 2 years after the field’s initial discovery in 2015, according to the company’s website.

Production reached a targeted 2.7 Bcf/D in August 2019, nearly 5 months ahead of plan, due to the swift completion of eight land-based treatment units including those for sulfur removal, as well as the commissioning of three wells and a second 30-in., 216-km-long gas pipeline to join underwater production facilities to the land-based treatment plant, Eni reported.

Eni’s 2020 plan included drilling of two more production wells to boost gross capacity to 3,200 MMscf/D and the upgrading of subsea facilities and onshore treatment.
Benchmarking Study Finds Additional Potential of Ultimate Recovery Factor Across Kuwait
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: January 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 203422, “Benchmarking of Ultimate Recovery Factor Across Kuwait: Unlocking Additional Potential,” by Mohammad Al-Ghanemi, Prashant Dhote, SPE, and Anup Bora, Kuwait Oil Company, et al., prepared for the 2020 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, held virtually 9–12 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

A countrywide benchmarking of ultimate recovery factor (URF) for oil reservoirs in Kuwait is presented in the complete paper. The results of this study have been useful in supporting identification of long-term opportunities for the operator and have influenced the creation of conceptual development plans for newly discovered prospects. The study focused on the reservoir complexity index (RCI) method and global analogs to identify development opportunities and improvements to the URF in the brown and green fields of Kuwait.

Approach to Reservoir Benchmarking

The recovery factor of a reservoir is a function of reservoir characteristics such as structural compartmentalization, depositional continuity, reservoir net-to-gross, permeability, fluid type, pressure, and field-development choices such as recovery process, well-completion type, and well spacing. Therefore, to benchmark reservoir performance appropriately, it is important to consider those factors relevant to the reservoir being studied. Additionally, limited value exists in using an analog with the “correct” reservoir geology and fluid properties if the development scheme is not also considered.

The study provides an objective procedure to measure the uncertainty in reservoir complexity and characterization. It also identifies and documents appropriate analog data derived from internal company and commercial third-party databases.

Selection of Analog Reservoirs - The process for gathering appropriate analog reservoirs does not seek to identify a single perfect analog. Instead, it aims to analyze key reservoir characteristics and field-development methods to identify groups of analogs, which in aggregate can represent a reasonable comparison with a study reservoir. The philosophy is to select a range of analog reservoirs based on the key parameters that influence URF.
Study Examines Incremental Method vs. Split Conditions in Reserves Booking
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: January 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 206104, “Incremental Method vs. Split Conditions: Discussing the Similarities Between Reserves Evaluation and a Madoff Scheme,” by Dominique Salacz, SPE, and Farid Allam, SPE, ADNOC, and Imre Szilagyi, Eötvös Loránd University, et al., prepared for the 2021 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dubai, 21–23 September. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

After the oil-price crashes of 2014 and 2020, several merger and acquisition deals ended in litigation because operators canceled major projects or infills wells that were booked in “probable” reserves only. In the complete paper, the authors challenge the compatibility between the deterministic incremental reserve assessment method and the concept of split condition, which is not allowed for reserves booking under the Petroleum Resources Management System (PRMS). With some examples, the authors argue that the incremental method may mislead investors if used wrongly.

The Two Approaches

PRMS is a simple, fit-for-purpose system. However, it still allows for reporting volumes under slightly different methods that may lead to very different results based on the definition adopted for the “project” by the evaluator. The text of the PRMS is quoted extensively in the complete paper in defining these methods.

The authors write that the deterministic incremental method seems to be favored by evaluators educated under, or heavily exposed to, pre-2010 US Securities and Exchange Commission regulations, in which proved reserves were only disclosed. Under this approach, the term “proven” generally refers to recoverable volumes expected from the partition of the reservoir with a high degree of confidence related to the high level of geological knowledge.

The authors also write that the deterministic scenario method, on the other hand, evidently is favored by evaluators and engineers with less exposure to the pre-2010 guidelines. This method provides three estimates (low, best, and high) for every individual project.

Comparing the Two Methods

The study-case accumulation is defined by a simple structural trap controlled by a top seal and a fault on the western side of the asset (Fig. 2 of the complete paper). Oil has been discovered by Well W1, which hit the permeable top at 9,695 ft near the structure’s crest. For mechanical reasons, drilling operations were stopped and the lowest known hydrocarbon sets the oil down to (ODT) at 9,785 ft, providing a discovered oil column of 90 ft. Horizontal Well WH2 was drilled into the discovered reservoir partition. Today, Well WH2 is the only producing well of the accumulation. Well W1 will be reperforated during a workover to produce the attic oil of the reservoir.

Because the well did not reach the aquifer, a major uncertainty for further development is assigned to oil/water contact (OWC) position. At the current stage of resource maturation, up to 11 additional wells are considered.
Meta-Analysis of MiR-122 in Predicting Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases
Authors: Kun Jiao , Ping Su , Yubao Feng , Changqing* Li
Published: January 2022

Objective
To evaluate the diagnostic value of MiR-122 in predicting cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases systematically.
Methods
Searching China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Database (VIP), China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Clinical Registry, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase Library to obtain relevant documents. The time frame is from January 1, 2006 to February 28, 2021. MiR-122 plays a diagnostic role in patients of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases with randomized controlled trials and cross-sectional studies. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the literatures were screened, data extracted and related quality evaluated. Cochrane System Reviewer Manual Version 5.0 was applicable to related quality evaluation and Review Manager 5.3 was used for meta-analysis.
Results
A total of 23 articles were included and 6375 patients altogether. The meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group, MiR-122 was more effective in the patients of myocardial infarction (WMD= -2.33, 95%CI [-2.88,-1.78], P<0.0001), Angina pectoris and cardiovascular disease (WMD= -0.45, 95%CI [-0.61,-0.29], P<0.00001). Cerebrovascular diseases also have higher expression levels of MiR-122(WMD=- 0.34, 95% CI [-0.53, 0.33], P<0.00001). The prognosis of patients with high MiR-122 expression are worse (WMD=-2.20, 95%CI[-2.66,-1.75], P<0.00001). There are differences between the groups, with statistical significance (P<0.05).
Conclusion
MiR-122 has great diagnostic value in predicting cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and expression is elevated in diseases such as myocardial infarction, angina pectoris and stroke. Thus it has diagnostic value in the prognosis of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
The Effectiveness of Group Schema Therapy to Enhance the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies in Women Undergoing Bariatric Surgery During COVID-19
Authors: Sobhani Zahra , Hosseini Seyed Vahid , Honarparvaran Nazanin , Khazraei Hajar , Amini Masood , Hedayati Arvin
Published: January 2022

Background: Emotions, attitudes, and behaviors toward eating play a very important role in obesity and according to a schema-based approach; patients with obesity learn some coping strategies since childhood to cope with the schemas. So, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of group schema therapy on the cognitive emotion regulation (CER) strategies in women who underwent bariatric surgery during COVID-19.Methods: Forty women who underwent bariatric surgery were selected and were randomly divided into two groups of control and experimental. The experimental group received ten 90-min sessions of group schema therapy. Both groups completed the CER questionnaire during pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages and data were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) in SPSS software (version 20). Results: Our results indicated that the differences between two groups in variables of adaptive CER strategies (P = 0.0001, F = 31.15) and maladaptive CER strategies (P = 0.001, F = 9.42) were significant.Conclusions: The findings demonstrated that group schema therapy training can lead to increases adaptive CER strategies and decrease maladaptive CER strategies in women undergoing bariatric surgery.Trial registration: IRCT, IRCT20180523039802N2. Registered 5 August 2020, http://www.irct.com/IRCT20180523039802N2
Clinical Utility and Impact of the Metagenomic Microbial Plasma Cell-Free DNA Next-Generation Sequencing Assay on Treatment Decision: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Shishido Akira , Noe Myint , Saharia Kapil , Luethy Paul
Published: January 2022

Background
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) allows for non-invasive pathogen detection from plasma. However, there is little data describing the optimal role for this assay in real-world clinical decision making.
Methods
We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study of adult patients for whom a mcfDNA test was sent between May 2019 and February 2021. Clinical impact was arbitrated after review and discussion of each case.
Results
A total of 80 patients were included. The most common reason for sending the assay was unknown microbiologic diagnosis (78%), followed by avoiding invasive procedures (14%). The test had a positive impact in 34 (43%), a negative impact in 2 (3%), and uncertain or no impact in 44 (55%). A positive impact was observed in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR, 71.4%, p=0.003), sepsis (71.4%, p=0.003), and those receiving antimicrobial agents for less than 7 days prior to mcfDNA testing (i.e., 61.8%, p=0.004).
Conclusion
Clinical utility of mcfDNA testing was highest in SOTR and patients with sepsis. Prolonged antimicrobial use prior to mcfDNA testing limited the utility of the assay. Prospective studies evaluating the utility of mcfDNA assays should be performed to further clarify its role in clinical management.
Potential Role of CTNNA3 And FRMPD4 In Vascular Thrombosis of Colon Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Bin , Xiang Yu , Guo Weihua
Published: January 2022

Background: Vascular tumor thrombus is an important pathological feature of malignant tumors, closely related to lymph node metastasis, and considered to be tumor micrometastasis. Two down-regulated genes, Catenin Alpha 3 (CTNNA3) and FERM And PDZ Domain Containing 4 (FRMPD4) were selected via analyzing the differential expression of vascular tumor thrombus in colon adenocarcinoma and paracancerous tissues. Furthermore, we observed the potential role of them in vascular thrombosis of colon adenocarcinoma.Method: Candidate genes for vascular thrombosis of colon adenocarcinoma were screened by GSE127069, and then pan-cancer verification and immune infiltration analysis were performed. The relationship between gene and vascular thrombosis was analyzed from the level of gene mutation by cBioPortal. Finally, the clinical samples collected were used for expression verification.Results: CTNNA3 and FRMPD4 were low-expressed in vascular tumor thrombus of colon adenocarcinoma, which were positively correlated with microsatellite instability (MSI). They were also closely related to immune microenvironment and immune cell subtype infiltration. According to the analysis of gene mutation, their gene deletion was related to the vascular invasion indicator. Finally, the protein and mRNA expression of CTNNA3 and FRMPD4 were down-regulated in the samples of vascular thrombosis of colon adenocarcinoma, compared with the normal glands which from paracancerous tissues.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that CTNNA3 and FRMPD4 may be potential biomarkers of vascular thrombosis in colon adenocarcinoma. These results may provide a new strategy to identify the micrometastasis in colon adenocarcinoma.
Physical Function, Psychological Adjustment, and Self-Efficacy Following Sudden Cardiac Arrest and an Initial Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) in a Social Cognitive Theory Intervention: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Dougherty Cynthia M. , Liberato Ana Carolina Sauer , Streur Megan M. , Burr Robert L. , Kwan Judy Ka Yee , Zheng Tao , Auld Jon P. , Thompson Elaine A.
Published: January 2022

Background Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) survivorship results in unique issues in return to physical and psychological function. The purpose of the study was to compare recovery across the first year between SCA survivors and other arrhythmia patients who received an initial implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) for secondary prevention, participating in a social cognitive theory (SCT) intervention.Methods 168 (129 males, 39 females) who received an ICD for secondary prevention (SCA N=65; other arrhythmia N=103) were randomized to one of two study conditions: SCT intervention (N=85) or usual care (N=83). Outcomes were measured at baseline hospital discharge, 1, 3, 6, & 12 months: 1) Physical Function: Patient Concerns Assessment (PCA), SF-36 (PCS); 2) Psychological Adjustment: State Trait Anxiety (STAI), CES-D depression, SF-36 (MCS); 3) Self-Efficacy: Self-Efficacy (SCA-SE), Self-management Behaviors (SMB), Outcome Expectations (OE). Outcomes were compared over 12 months for intervention condition x ICD indication using general estimating equations.Results Participants were Caucasian (89%),age 63.95+12.3 years, mean EF% 33.95+13.9, BMI 28.19+6.2, and Charlson Index 4.27+2.3. Physical symptoms (PCA) were higher over time for SCA survivors compared to the other arrhythmia group (p=0.04), ICD shocks were lower in SCA survivors in the SCT intervention (p=0.01); psychological adjustment (MCS) was significantly lower in SCA survivors in the SCT intervention over 6 months, that improved at 12 months (p=0.05); outcome expectations (OE) were significantly lower for SCA survivors in the SCT intervention (p=0.008).Conclusions SCA survivors had greater number of physical symptoms, lower levels of mental health and outcome expectations over 12 months despite participation in a SCT intervention.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04462887
Continuous Non-singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control for Magnetic Levitation Systems
Authors: Wang Junxiao , Lu Qinkun , Yang Jun
Published: January 2022

For attenuating the chattering phenomenon and improving the disturbance suppression for the magnetic levitation control system subject to multiple disturbances and parameter uncertainties, this paper proposes an internal model disturbance observer (IMDO) based continuous non-singular terminal sliding mode control (CNTSMC) scheme. Firstly, a nonlinear dynamic model of the magnetic levitation system is constructed. Then, for ensuring the system position state tracking performance and suppress the chattering phenomenon, a CNTSMC method is designed to make the system state converge to the desired position in finite time. For improving the multiple disturbance rejection, an IMDO based CNTSMC scheme is designed for the system affected by multiple disturbance which includes both high-order and trigonometric function forms. Compared with CNTSMC and CNTSMC+GPIO controller, simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method could improve the position tracking performance and obtains better multiple disturbance rejection. Some control performance indexes for quantitative comparison are also given to supports these results.
Catalytic Ozonation for Phenol Removal over Cobalt-doped α-MnO2 Catalyst: Performance and Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Jie , Dong Ben , Han Ying , Zhan Xiaocui , Ge Sijie , He Shilong
Published: January 2022

In this paper, Cobalt-doped α-MnO2 (i.e., Co-α-MnO2) were synthesized through hydrothermal method. Phenol was employed as targeted pollutants to investigate the catalytic ozonation performance of Co-α-MnO2 in terms of catalytic ability and mechanism. Results showed that that Co doped on α-MnO2 significantly improved the phenol removal increased to 97.47 % after 40 min, which was 16.46 %, 38.92 % higher than that of α-MnO2 catalytic ozonation and single ozonation without catalyst. In order to investigate the effect of Co doping on the physicochemical properties of the catalysts, the synthesized α-MnO2 and Co-α-MnO2 (2% Co/Mn doping ratio) catalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, BET and XPS techniques, including the phase, morphology, structural properties and dispersity of the surface active species. The larger specific surface area and pore volume, more crystal defect and oxygen vacancy, higher relative content of Mn3+ and adsorbed oxygen (Oads) as well as surface hydroxyl were obtained after Co doping on α-MnO2, which could result in higher catalytic oxidation performance of Co-α-MnO2. The influence of masking agent showed that surface hydroxyl group and active free radicals (•OH and •O2-) were involved in the catalytic ozonation of phenol. This study could help recognize the role of surface hydroxyl groups and active free radicals and demonstrate the contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on phenol removal in Co-α-MnO2 systems.
Radiomic Analysis for Pretreatment Prediction of Recurrence After Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Authors: Kawahara Daisuke , Nishibuchi Ikuno , Kawamura Masashi , Yoshida Takahito , Koh Iemasa , Tomono Katsuyuki , Sekine Masaki , Takahashi Haruko , Kikuchi Yutaka , Kudo Yoshiki , Nagata Yasushi
Published: January 2022

【Objective】 To predict the recurrence of advanced cervical cancer patients treated with radiotherapy from radiomics features on pre-treatment T1- and T2-weighted MRI images. 【Methods】 A total of 90 patients were split into two sets: 67 patients for model training and 23 patients for model testing. The patient outcome was classified into two groups; patients with a recurrence (group I) and without a recurrence (group II). The predictors were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. The machine learning for the predictive models was sued neural network classifiers. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC) from the receiver operating characteristic were evaluated. 【Results】 By the LASSO analysis, we found 25 radiomics features from the T1-weighted MRI image and 4 radiomics features from the T2-weighted MRI image. The accuracy of the prediction model was highest with the combination of T1- and T2-weighted MRI images. The model performances with T1-weighted MRI image and T2-weighted MRI image were 86.4% and 89.4% of accuracy, 74.9% and 38.1% of sensitivity, 81.8% and 72.2% of specificity, and 0.89 and 0.69 of AUC. The model performance was improved with the combination of T1- and T2-weighted MRI images, which was 93.1% of accuracy, 81.6% of sensitivity, 88.7% of specificity, and 0.94 of AUC. 【Conclusions】 The radiomics analysis with T1- and T2-weighted MRI images could highly predict the recurrence of the cervix cancer after radiotherapy. The variation of the distribution and the difference of the pixel number at the peripheral and the center were important predictors.
Modifying the SWAT Model to Simulate Hydrological Processes in Arid and Alpine Grassland Ecosystems
Authors: Jin Xin , Jin Yanxiang
Published: January 2022

Grassland vegetation coverage is spatially heterogeneous in arid and alpine areas due to the terrain, impacts of climate, and anthropogenic activities. Differences in vegetation coverage lead to variations in canopy interception and transpiration ability, which can influence eco-hydrological processes. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is one of the most widely used semi-distributed catchment-scale eco-hydrological models. The leaf area index (LAI) is one of the vegetation coverage indexes and is incorporated in the SWAT model. However, in SWAT, the LAI is calculated based on the average plant density in hydrologic response units (HRUs). Moreover, LAI accumulation is controlled by heat, and neglects other relevant factors such as precipitation and terrain. To address the drawbacks of the SWAT in simulating vegetation coverage and plant patterns, we modified it using remotely sensed LAI data with high temporal and spatial resolution. We used this to better simulate eco-hydrological processes in grassland basins with different vegetation coverages in the upper reaches of the Bayin River Basin. Site-based streamflow, sediment yield data and remotely sensed actual evapotranspiration data (ET, measured at the subbasin and HRU levels) were used to estimate performances of the original and modified SWAT models. Results showed that for the original SWAT model, the simulated LAI was homogeneous within each land use/cover type, whereas the remotely sensed LAI was spatially heterogeneous and better captured the vegetation coverage of the entire basin. The proper estimation of the LAI was reflected in the improved simulation of the monthly streamflow and sediment yield at the basin outlet and the monthly ET at the subbasins and HRU levels. These findings indicate that the modified SWAT could better simulate hydrological processes in arid and alpine grasslands with different vegetation coverages.
Simultaneous Experimental Analysis of Oil Content and Molecular Composition of Shale Fractions
Authors: Zhang Bowei , Zhang Juhe
Published: January 2022

The important research content and basis of exploration and development is to evaluate the reservoir property, oil bearing property, fluidity and compressibility of shale reservoir.The key of exploration and development is to evaluate the oil-bearing and fluidity of shale reservoir.In this paper, the "shale oil content and fine components synchronous experimental analysis device" is used. Five temperature ranges of 30 ℃-90 ℃, 90 ℃-150 ℃, 100 ℃- 200 ℃, 150 ℃-250 ℃ and 250 ℃-300 ℃ were adopted. The heating rate of each temperature segment was 25 ℃ / min, and the final temperature was kept constant for 5 min. The oil content of shale (pyrolysis S1) was cut into five fractions.Simultaneous determination of oil content and molecular composition of shale fractions,and the external standard method was used to evaluate the oil content and fluidity.The results show that the five fractions of shale are mainly composed of nC1-nC9 gas, nC10-nC15 gasoline, nC12-nC20 kerosene, nC15-nC22 diesel oil and nC18-nC26 heavy oil of the first member of Qingshangkou formation in Songliao basin.There are differences in the fractionation and oil content characteristics of samples with different maturity in different wells.The parent material, properties and quality of crude oil are reflected in shale. The higher the maturity of shale oil is, the more light components are, the larger the light / heavy ratio parameter value of (gasoline + kerosene + diesel) and heavy oil is, the better the fluidity is, and the easier to exploit effectively.
Acute Myocarditis Following the Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine; A Case Report
Authors: Mohammadi Azam , Rezaiye Milad , Goharrizi Mohammad Ali Sheikh Beig
Published: January 2022

BackgroundCOVID-19 pandemic has led to the development and use of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. In this study, we report a case with a history of multiple sclerosis that experienced acute Myocarditis following the third dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Case presentation A 20-year-old man with a history of multiple sclerosis was admitted to the hospital to visit due to recent retrosternal chest pain four days after the third dose of SARS-COV-2 vaccine (AstraZeneca vaccine). Initial electrocardiogram showed ST-Segment elevation in the inferior limb and precordial leads. However, Echocardiography was normal without any wall motion abnormality. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) confirmed acute myocarditis. After treatment and monitoring, Echocardiography, cardiac troponin, CBC, ESR, and CRP were normal, without any symptoms two weeks later. ConclusionsConsequently, vaccine-associated myocardial damage should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients who have recently been vaccinated against COVID-19. Individuals with chest pain should be monitored regardless of their age and encouraged to perform relevant tests and at least an electrocardiogram.
Mapping and Function Characterization of the Tomato Spotted wilt Virus Resistance Gene SlCHS3 in Solanum Lycopersicum
Authors: Lv Junheng , Deng Minghua , Jiang Shurui , Zhu Haishan , Li Zuosen , Wang Ziran , Li Jing , Yang Zhengan , Yue Yanling , Xu Junqiang , Zhao Kai
Published: January 2022

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) poses a serious threat to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production. In this study, a tomato inbred line YNAU335 was developed without the Sw-5 locus, which showed resistance or immunity to TSWV (absence of infection). Genetic analysis demonstrated that the immunity to TSWV was controlled by a dominant nuclear gene. The candidate genes were mapped into a 20 kb region in the terminal of the long arm of chromosome 9 using the bulk segregant analysis (BSA) and linkage analysis. In this candidate region, a chalcone synthase (CHS)-encoding gene (SlCHS3) was found to be a strong candidate gene for the TSWV resistance. The result showed that SlCHS3 silencing reduced the synthesis of flavonoids, and overexpression of SlCHS3 increased the content of flavonoids. The increased flavonoids could improve the ability of TSWV resistance in the tomato. These findings indicate that SlCHS3 is indeed involved in the regulation of the flavonoids synthesis and play a significant role in the TSWV resistance of YNAU335, it could provide new insights and lay the foundation for analyzing the TSWV resistance mechanisms.
Discovering the Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance Through Creation of an Antibiogram in a Rural Kenyan Hospital
Authors: Drobish Ian C , Otieno George , Mihang'o Janet , Barnette Virginia D , Waceke Grace Njoroge , Thuo Solomon , Belknap Kaya S , Linley Katy , Shirk Arianna McLain , McClanahan S Taylor , Irungu Elizabeth , Lelei Faith , Barasa Immaculate K , Brotherton B Jason
Published: January 2022

BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance is a pressing global health issue. Data are lacking in detailing the presence and burden of antimicrobial resistance in low and middle-income countries. What is currently available is quarantined to large, urban centers away from the rural facilities. MethodsThis was a retrospective descriptive study performed at Kijabe Hospital, a rural 350-bed teaching hospital, from February 2016 to September 2020. Cultures from blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid were included from all pediatric and adult patients. Data was analyzed and an antibiogram was created using WHONET software. ResultsFrom January 2016 to September 2020 a total of 3275 distinct isolates were identified, including 1654 positive blood cultures, 1288 positive urine cultures, and 91 positive cerebrospinal fluid cultures. Aggregate gram negative susceptibility to third generation cephalosporins was approximately 41%, with 67% of isolates susceptible to piperacillin-tazobactam, and 93% of isolates susceptible to meropenem. The most frequently identified organism was coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (1534, 47%), followed by Escherichia coli (721, 22%), Klebsiella species (482, 15%), and Staphylococcus aureus (110, 3.4%). The most common multidrug resistant organism was Escherichia coli (664, 20%), followed by Klebsiella species (461, 14%). Acinetobacter baumannii was found to be only 57% sensitive to meropenem. Staphylococcus aureus was 91% sensitive to cloxacillin.ConclusionThe high rates of antimicrobial resistance found in this rural referral center were similar to the large urban settings in sub-Saharan Africa. This along with the discovery of multidrug resistant gram negative organisms are of great concern. The need for continued surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship, and implementation of quality improvement initiatives is imperative to attempt to curb this burgeoning global problem.
AlG3 Induces AURKA to Promote Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metastasis
Authors: YANG Li-Yun , Qiao Peipei , Hu An , huang shuixian
Published: January 2022

Objectives To investigate the relationship between ALG3 and AURKA, the expression and potential prognostic value of ALG3 in LSCC, and tothenexplorethe impact of ALG3 in tumorigenic effects.Methods Co-immunoprecipitation assay was detected the relationship between ALG3 and AURKA, Rt-PCR and Western blot was detected the expression of related mRNA and proteins.CCK8 assay, plate colony formation assay Cells, wound healing, migration and invasion assays were used to examine the abilityof proliferation, movement, migration and invasion of LSCC cells.Results ALG3 immediately induced AURKA to promote LSCC metastasis. Moreover, ALG3 highly expressed in LSCC tissues and cells and the expression of ALG3 was positively relatedto tumor size,lymphatic metastasis and poor clinical prognosis. Furthermore, knockdown ALG3 in LSCC cells remarkablyrestraincellular proliferation, migration and invasioninvitroand vivo.Conclusion AlG3 induced AURKA to promote LSCC metastasis and ALG3 maybe potential prognostic value for LSCC.Brief AbstractAlG3 induces AURKA to promote laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis