bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and Development of High Current Pulse Shaping Inductor Based on Bitter Magnet Configuration for Electro Magnetic Launcher
Authors:   Armament R&D Establishment (DRDO),Pashan Pune, India., Kumar* Pradeep , Jadhav Kishore ,   Armament R&D Establishment (DRDO),Pashan Pune, India., Kumar Gaurav ,   Armament R&D Establishment (DRDO),Pashan Pune, India., Daniel KJ ,   Armament R&D Establishment (DRDO),Pashan Pune, India., Datar Suwarna ,   Dept.of Applied Physics, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Pune, India.
Published: September 2019

A unique pulse shaping inductor was designed and developed using a modified Bitter magnet configuration, to operate at peak current of 150 kA for duration of 5-10 ms in a Pulse Forming Network (PFN). The inductor was designed with a stack of parallel copper plates in the form of circular discs with a central hole, with GRP insulation plates in between. The design is optimized by electromagnetic finite element techniques for inductance and structural stability. The conducting discs and insulators are clamped together with tie rods between two endplates to provide adequate contact pressure and sufficient mechanical support. The conducting, inter connecting and insulating components were modeled and optimised parametrically for the desired performance and structural integrity. The device was fabricated, assembled and tested with 24 bitter plates for 28 μH inductance. The inductor was integrated with 400 kJ capacitor bank module and tested under static and dynamic condition. Current pulse of peak above 100 kA was generated, with consistent arc-free performance, high reliability and structural stability.
Impact Strength of Glass/Kevlar Fiber Hybrid Composites with Various Stacking Sequences and Impact Energies
Authors:   Department of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, 45600 Bestari Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia., Shaari* Norazean , Nadarajah Dinesh ,   Department of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, 45600 Bestari Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia., Shaari Nor Shamimi ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Malaysia., Jumahat Aidah ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: September 2019

Hybrid composites have been considered as modern materials for many engineering applications, yet there is still a major concern on the influence of stacking sequence configuration in hybrid composite laminates especially under impact loading. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to determine the optimized stacking sequence of glass/Kevlar fiber hybrid composite laminates under impact loading. Hybrid composite laminates were fabricated using vacuum bagging method with four different stacking sequences known as H1, H2, H3 and H4. Low velocity drop weight impact test (ASTM D7136) was conducted using a hemispherical nose impactor diameter of 12 mm with a mass of 6 kg at impact energy levels of 10 J, 20 J, 30 J, and 40 J. From the results obtained, H3 specimen which has a stacking sequence of glass fiber in the exterior part with Kevlar fiber in the interior part was concluded as the optimized stacking sequence with better impact resistance properties. H3 specimen recorded a higher value in peak load, maximum initiation energy, high impact strength, high strength to weight ratio and high total energy absorbed to weight ratio. In addition, it was observed that H3 specimen has less damaged area compared to H1, H2, and H4 specimens. This study contributes knowledge on the impact resistance properties of hybrid composite laminates which will be much useful for material selection and product development.
Coupling Factor and Cost Based Task Clustering Method to Optimize Task Clustering For Scientific Workflows in Cloud Environment
Authors:   School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore – 632014, India, Hilda* J. Jabanjalin , Srimathi C. ,   School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore – 632014, India
Published: September 2019

Scientific workflows are large scale loosely coupled submissions that are used by Computational Scientists. They are composed of multiple tasks with dependencies between them and are composed of many fine granular tasks. Task clustering is an optimization method that combines multiple tasks into a single job such that task execution time and system overhead is reduced and thus the whole performance is improved in a cloud environment. Though existing task clustering algorithms has significantly reduced the System overhead, yet dependencies among the tasks are not well-thought-out. This work examines the features of task by which the tasks can be clustered and developed proficient task clustering algorithm. In this work two task clustering ideas were proposed namely Horizontal Coupling Factor (HCF) based clustering and Horizontal Processing Cost (HPC) based Task Clustering. Next, the proposed algorithm have been evaluated and tested for various real world applications and the experiment results shows that the proposed approach suits best for data intensive and Compute intensive applications. The obtained results showed that the HCF and HPC task clustering strategies can significantly improve the performance by reducing the task execution time and inter task Communication delay.
Design of Security Technique through Secure Logging for Cloud Forensics
Authors:   Associate Professor in D.Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri., Rao* Dr. Jyoti , Deshpande Aboli ,   computer engineering in 1999 from government college of engineering Aurangabad and is pursuing M.E. from D.Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri, Pune., Patil Dr. Pramod ,   HOD of Computer Engineering in DIT Pimpri, Pune Padmashree, Patil Dr. D.Y. ,   Assistant Professor in Department of Computer Engineering since August 2001. Perusing PhD from University of Pune.
Published: September 2019

Cloud computing has a new edge computing paradigm these days. Sometimes cloud computing architectures don’t support for computer forensics investigations. Analyzing various types of logs and logging mechanism plays an important role in computer forensics. Distributed nature and the multi-tenant cloud models, where many users share the same processing and network resources, collecting, storing and analyzing logs from a cloud is very hard. User activity logs can be a valuable source of information in cloud forensic investigations. Generally, Cloud service providers have access to activity logs of cloud user and CSP can tamper the logs so that investigator cannot reach to the real culprit. In such an environment, log security is one of challenge in the cloud. Logging technique is used to monitor employee’s behavior, to keep track of malicious activities and prevent cloud networks from intrusion by well-known organizations. Ensuring the reliability and integrity of logs is crucial. Most existing solutions for secure logging are designed for traditional systems rather than the complexity of a cloud environment. In the proposed framework secure logging environment is provided by storing and processing activity logs and encrypting using advanced encryption method. It detects DDoS (distributed denial of service) attack on cloud infrastructure by using the published logs on cloud and thus helpful in cloud forensics. It is detected by the investigator using available application activity logs in the cloud server. Searchable encryption algorithm will be used to increase the security of the logging mechanism and to maintain confidentiality and privacy of user data. Proof of past (PPL) logs is created by storing logs at more than one place. This PPL helps in the verification process of changed logs by CSP the actual implementation of this application on AWS Infrastructure as a service ( IAAS ) cloud shows real-time use of this structure.
Performance on Speech Enhancement Objective Quality Measures Using Hybrid Wavelet Thresholding
Authors:   Venkateswarlu, Professor in Dept.of ECE, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering (IARE), Dundigal, Hyderabad, T.G, India., China* Dr. S. , Karthik A. ,   Assistant Professor in Dept.of ECE, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering (IARE), Dundigal, Hyderabad, T.G, India., Kumar Dr. K. Naveen ,   Professor of ECE Department, Marri Laxman Reddy Institute of Technology and Management, Dundigal, Hyderabad, India.
Published: September 2019

The quality of being easily understandable of the speech signals are very importantin communication and other speech related systems. In order to improve these two in thespeech signal, Speech improvement sets of computer instructions and devices are used so that itmay be better fully used by other speech processing setsof computer instructions. Most of the speech communication that requires atleast one microphone and the desired speech signal is usually contaminated by backgroundnoise and echo. As a result, the speech sign must be "cleaned" with advanced sign preparing devices before it is played out, transmitted, or put away. In this venture it has been investigated the required things and degree of upgrades in the field of discourse improvement utilizing discourse de-noising sets of PC directions announced in books with the fundamental intend to concentrate on the utilization of the window shape limits/rules in STSA based Speech Improvement process in which the sign destroyed by commotion is into edges and each part/segment is Windowed and the Windowed Speech pieces/parts zone connected to the Speech Improvement set of PC guidelines and the Improved Speech sign is modified in its time area. In general, the Speech Improvement methods make use theHamming Window for this purpose. In this work an attempt has been made to study the effect of Window shape on the Speech. The Modified Improved thresholding is proposed by Asser Ghanbari and Mohammad Reza Karami and can be used like a hard thresholding limit with respect to the wavelet coefficients through and through worth progressively conspicuous than limit esteem and resembles an exponential capacity for the wavelet coefficients supreme worth not as much as edge esteem and is characterized.
ALT Speech Recognition System using F0 Improvement and Spectral Tilt Method
Authors:   CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India., K* Inbanila , E Krishna Kumar ,   East Point College of Engineering and Technology, Avalahalli, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Published: September 2019

Human Beings use voice as the medium for communication. Human Speech is a very complex signal with multiple frequencies, amplitudes and intensities that mix up to convey specific information. In international terminology, voice disorders are described as dysphonia. Various dysphonia’s are clearly organic origin due to nervous, muscular, neuro or cellular degenerative disease affecting the body or it is from local laryngeal changes. Other dysphonia’s having no visible laryngeal causes are grouped as non organic involving habitual dysphonia’s that arise from faulty speaking habits or the psycho genic dysphonia’s that stem from emotional causes. This paper looks at a speech recognition system for disordered speech generated by Physically Disabled people using Artificial Larynx Transducer (ALT) device from the perspective of Speech Signal Processing. From the ALT speech features like formant, pitch and spectral tilt is estimated. For formant frequency estimation RNN technique is used. Before training the system pitch frequency improvement is accomplished. Now the features and homomorphic based coefficients are used for training the system. The same operation is performed during the test phase and compared with the training set. Comparison and decision making is accomplished using distance estimator.
Voltage Sag Compensation Using Dynamic Voltage Restorer
Authors:   Assistant Professor Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Arulselvam* D. , Harinarayanan J. ,   Assistant Professor Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Rajasekaran M. ,   Assistant Professor Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Subramanian M. ,   Assistant Professor Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
Published: September 2019

Power quality plays a very important vital role in the modern utility grid where sensitive loads are employed. Equipment damage, temporary shutdowns, product quality degradation and Voltage Sag are the major problem associated with power quality. Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) is a powerful device which is used to improve voltage mitigation of weak buses associated in a multi-bus system. This paper incorporates the functional performance of DVR during voltage sag in the power system. Penetrating a voltage of required magnitude and frequency to restore the voltage across the load within the desired amplitude is the main objective of DVR. The proposed work based on modeling and simulation of DVR, in a closed-loop control of an eight bus system. Voltage compensation is done effectively using DVR in the Closed loop FLC controlled system and its analyzed with PID Controlled system. The simulation result shows Closed loop FLC system using DVR is observed to be faster than PID controlled systems.
Security And Health Monitoring System Of The Baby In Incubator
Authors:   Assistant Professor Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Subramanian* M. , Sheela T. ,   Associate Professor Department of ECE Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupananda Variyar Engineering College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India., Srividya K. ,   Assistant Professor Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Arulselvam D. ,   Assistant Professor Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai-44, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: September 2019

Safety is the most important parameter of the patient. The premature new-born babies do not have the capability to regulate their body temperatures on their own as normal new-born babies. Now-a-days as technology is advancing, the medical industries are reaching greater heights. By these advancements death rates of premature new-born babies are brought under control. Baby incubators plays a vital role in life saving of premature babies.. Here there is a need of health caregiver interactions due to certain conditions. These days the workload of the health caregiver has increased as the number of patients increased. The paper provides solution for the above mentioned problem by alerting the neonatal nurses so that preventive measures could be taken. It avoids the theft to be held in incubator rooms of the baby. The parameters such as heartbeat, temperature, blood pressure, wetness and movement of the baby. The power failure is also intimated within short span.
Smart Protection Scheme For Radial Distribution System
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sri SaiRam Engineering college, Chennai, TamilNadu, India, M* Rajasekaran. , Anitha N. ,   Assistant Professor, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sri SaiRam Engineering college Chennai, TamilNadu, India, Arulselvam D. ,   Assistant Professor, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sri SaiRam Engineering college, Chennai, TamilNadu, India
Published: September 2019

In this paper,the study of optimal coordination of directional overcurrent relays along with relay communication in HV substations is proposed. The relay coordination problem is non linear.It typically consist of two groups of control variables(Time Dial Settings:TDS and Plug Settings:PS). The purpose of relay coordination is to propose the suitable settings for all releases and ensure the coordination. The differential evolution is employed to solve for solutions of optimal relay coordination. The relay coordination is mainly done to improve selectivity of the relay to particular fault. ETAP is so popular for its capability for modelling of power system networks and analyzing various studies and Real Time simulations.
Human Detection On Foggy Images
Authors:   Student, B.Tech, IT Depatment,VR Engineering College,Vijayawada, A.P, India., Priyanka* Somavarapu , Sahithi Dommeti Sri Divya ,   Student, B.Tech, IT Depatment,VR Engineering College,Vijayawada, A.P, India., Teja Lella Sri ,   Student, B.Tech, IT Depatment,VR Engineering College,Vijayawada, A.P, India., Sunitha Mrs.S. ,   Assistant Professor, IT Depatment,VR Engineering College,Vijayawada, A.P, India.
Published: September 2019

This paper was discussing about the human detection using SVM combining weighted least square-filter (WLS), histograms of oriented gradients (HOG). The combination of HOG and SVM is a powerful approach for human detection, as it uses local strength gradients; it is hard to handle noisy and foggy images. For removing of noise or fog from this type of images, we used weighted least square (WLS) filter, and then HOG and SVM algorithms are used for human detection. Due to deprived weather conditions such as fog and haze, the acquired images will exhibit damaged visibility. This can be occurred because of the presence of the suspended particles and scatter of light between objects and the camera. So the image improvement and renewal methods are used to improve the quality of an image which provide strong image in poor weather condition and can extract features from the images not only when they had illumination variations but also when they are degraded with fog. At last, detected objects can be categorized into predefined groups of humans and other objects by using SVM classifier.
Identification And Classification Of Brain Tumor Images Using Efficient Classifier
Authors:   Associate Professor of Computer Science Bishop Heber College, Trichy, Tamilnadu, India., kumar* Dr.B.Sathees
Published: September 2019

The main objective of this study is to propose a model for finding brain tumor. Failing to detect the tumor in its prior stage will increases the chance of losing a life. So the identification and treatment for the tumor in its prior stages become vital to save the life of a human being. This work uses the Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) images to identify and classify the benign and malign type brain tumors. Low pass filter is applied to preprocess the MRI image that removes the unwanted background structures at the same time keeps the important portions sharpened. Watershed segmentation method is used for segmenting the tumor affected area independently. The statistical feature extraction method Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) is applied to take out the imperative features from the segmented tumor. The feature selection is performed using Recursive Feature Elimination- Particle Swarm Optimization (RFE-PSO) method. Ensemble Support Vector Machine (SVM) is applied to classify the tumors into harmless and harmful from the medical image.
Pseudocoloring Of Medical Images: A Research
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India., B* Selvapriya , B Raghu ,   Principal and Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SVS Group of Institutions, Telangana, India.
Published: September 2019

A color mapping is a process by which we transfer the particular range of colors from source to the target image. This paper says about a novel method for medical images using pseudocolor by pre existence of color mapping. Conversion of grey scale image to color has no exact way or approach, direct way to colorize is tedious by which the entire range of colors can be changed, but in color mapping the conversion is done by converting the whole black and white image into color. This novel method presents black and white image to various colors. By the creation of color map that color map is applied for colorizing the medical grey scale images. This approach can be used for grey scale medical images irrespective of size and shape such that the intensity and aspect of the image can be improved.
On Possible Applications of Paul Ricoeur’s Thought in Legal Theory
Authors: Pieniążek Marcin
Published: September 2019

The paradigm of legal positivism, historically the most important attempt at turning law into science, has been subject to thorough criticism in past decades. The criticism has concerned the most important features of legal positivism, and especially the assumption of separation of law and morality, the dogma of statue being the only source of law, and the linguistic methods of interpreting legal texts. With a crisis of the positive paradigms, the demand for new, humanistic grounds for analysing philosophical and legal questions is intensifying. This is the reason for this article’s attempt to point to the application of Paul Ricoeur’s achievements to the key questions of the philosophy of law. It must be emphasised that his works, and especially Soimême comme un autre, may serve as a foundation for a philosophy of law rejecting the problematic claims about the dualism of being and obligation, the distinction of descriptive and prescriptive languages, and also the separation of law and morality. Thanks to this, the legal topos pacta sunt servanda (agreements must be kept) finds a reinforcement in the ontology of the subject applying law and can be understood as an ethically significant pattern of identity of the self. Equally fruitful seems the possibility of combining the questions of the ontology of the subject applying law with the question of a legal text and its interpretation. The assumption of Ricoeur’s perspective leads to a reduction in the distance between the legal text and its addressee, emphasised by the critics of legal positivism. This rapprochement becomes possible thanks to the connection of the question of the narrative that a legal text is with the question of narrativisation of the subject (i.e. the interpreter of a legal text), being itself in the ipse sense, i.e. applying the law.
RAICES SUPERNUMERARIAS EN LOS PRIMEROS MOLARES PERMANENTES: RADIX ENTOMOLARIS Y RADIX PARAMOLARIS.
Authors: MONTESINOS RIVERA VANESSA
Published: September 2019

La anatomía radicular difiere entre los grupos dentales. El conocimiento de la morfología tanto interna como externa y sus posibles variaciones, pueden mejorar la tasa de éxito en la terapia endodóntica. Los molares inferiores son piezas dentales que presentan habitualmente dos raíces; una mesial y otra distal. Informes de casos clínicos con una raíz adicional han sido reportados. Estas raíces supernumerarias Radix Entomolaris (situados en lingual) y Radix Paramolaris (situados en vestibular), a pesar de presentarse en baja frecuencia, se consideran verdaderos desafíos dentro de la endodoncia.El presente artículo se centra en las características morfológicas de estas macro-estructuras desde el punto de vista clínico y radiográfico.

Root canal anatomy differs between dental groups. The knowledge of internal and external morphology and their variations, could improve the rate of success of  he endodontic treatment. Mandibular molars are teeth that usually have two roots, one mesial and one distal. Clinical case reports with additional root, have been reported.These supernumerary roots, Entomolaris Radix (located in lingual) and Radix Paramolaris (located in vestibular), despite of being present with low frequency, represent real challenges in endodontics. This article focuses on the morphological characteristics of these macro-structures from a clinical and radiographic point of view.
LA OBTURACIÓN DEL CONDUCTO LATERAL
Authors: GOLDBERG FERNANDO
Published: September 2019

Se describe un caso clínico de un molar inferior derecho tratado en forma endodóntica y restaurado con un anclaje intrarradicular metálico y una corona de porcelana sobre metal que presentaba una imagen radiolúcida lateral, a la altura de la interfase existente entre la punta del perno y la obturación endodóntica. Se describe la terapéutica inherente al retratamiento y se destaca la resolución del caso clínico a distancia, reafirmando la importancia de la obturación de un conducto lateral como forma de confirmar el diagnóstico y predecir el pronóstico.
STUDI MOLECULAR DOCKING SENYAWA GOLONGAN FLAVONOL SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI
Authors: Wardaniati Isna , Azhari Herli Muhammad
Published: September 2019

In this paper we studied the bioactive compounds of Flavonol-D-alanil D-alanin dekarboksipeptidase receptor interactions In silico. First, prepared three dimensional structure of D-alanil D-alanin dekarboksipeptidase as receptor. Preparation of fourth bioactive compounds of flavonol which will be as ligands, klokasilin and D-alanil D-alanin as a comparison. The fourth bioactive compounds of flavonol, klokasilin and D-alanil D-alanin were docked with D-alanil D-alanin dekarboksipeptidase until energy values were obtained. The fourth bioactive compounds of flavonol had lesser binding energy values than D-alanil D-alanin, Quercitrine and rutin also predicted to have greater binding energy and binding affinity than klokasilin (antibiotic) and D-alanil D-alanin (nature ligand).
Discussing Oncology Massage Research: an Interview with Danielle Gentile, PhD
Authors: Kennedy, LMT, BCTMB, DrPH Ann Blair
Published: September 2019

This interview introduces the Journal’s readers to a new massage therapy researcher, Danielle Gentile, PhD, who is a Health Services Researcher and Assistant Professor of Medicine in the Depart-ment of Supportive Oncology at the Levine Cancer Institute for Atrium Health in Charlotte, North Carolina. Dr. Gentile’s research focuses on social media in health care, integrative oncology, and the effects of integrative modalities—including mas-sage therapy—on pain in patients with cancer. In the interview, Dr. Gentile describes what excites her about the field of massage therapy and how she integrates massage therapists into her research.
MATERIALITY ANALYSIS IN SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING: A TOOL FOR DIRECTING CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY TOWARDS EMERGING ECONOMIC, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Calabres Armando , Costa Roberta , Levialdi Ghiron Nathan , Menichini Tamara
Published: September 2019

Materiality analysis is a multi-purpose tool for prioritising sustainability issues from the double perspective of companies and stakeholders, meaning that both parties contribute to identifying the present and emerging social and environmental risks and opportunities. The current study proposes a practical and structured approach for performing materiality analysis, integrating the well-known Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) materiality matrix and a new “adequacy matrix”. The purpose of the GRI materiality matrix is to prioritize sustainability issues in terms of relevance to both companies and stakeholders. The adequacy matrix supports evaluation of the transparency and effectiveness of corporate sustainability (CS) communication.

Particularly, the paper aims to give indications to companies that want to prepare a sustainability report according to the GRI guidelines by planning the allocation of resources to reporting activities: the comparison between the positioning of GRI sustainability aspects in the two matrices serves in identifying the most critical issues for improving accountability. The proposed method includes a consistency test, to overcome the subjectivity, uncertainty and vagueness affecting judgements. The results provide managers with useful information for aligning CS strategic decision-making, sustainability reporting, and accountability to stakeholders. An illustrative application to a small and medium-sized (SME) company completes the paper.
A MODEL FOR MANAGING LOGISTICS COSTS THROUGHOUT A PRODUCT’S LIFE CYCLE: A CASE STUDY OF A MULTINATIONAL MANUFACTURING COMPANY
Authors: Škerlič Sebastjan , Sokolovskij Edgar
Published: September 2019

The goal of the study is to develop a model that focuses on managing logistics costs at all stages of a product’s life cycle. The model includes several different cost components and provides a wider coverage of individual processes, as logistics costs are present in different areas of a company’s operations. The applicability of the proposed method was tested in a multinational company that manufactures furniture fittings on a randomly selected product. The test results provide a theoretical and practical confirmation of the necessity to manage the logistics costs for an individual product, since other models are focused exclusively on the cost optimisation of individual logistics processes. The model therefore complements the existing knowledge and represents a practical tool for logistics professionals that enables more efficient logistics costs planning at an early stage in the development of a product, which can result in the long-term reduction in the total costs of logistics and improve the quality of business processes.
Particle-in-cell Simulations of the Whistler Heat-flux Instability in Solar Wind Conditions
Authors: López R. A. , Shaaban S. M. , Lazar M. , Poedts S. , Yoon P. H. , Micera A. , Lapenta G.
Published: September 2019

In collision-poor plasmas from space, e.g., solar wind or stellar outflows, the heat flux carried by the strahl or beaming electrons is expected to be regulated by the self-generated instabilities. Recently, simultaneous field and particle observations have indeed revealed enhanced whistler-like fluctuations in the presence of counter-beaming populations of electrons, connecting these fluctuations to the whistler heat-flux instability (WHFI). This instability is predicted only for limited conditions of electron beam-plasmas, and has not yet been captured in numerical simulations. In this Letter we report the first simulations of WHFI in particle-in-cell setups, realistic for the solar wind conditions, and without temperature gradients or anisotropies to trigger the instability in the initiation phase. The velocity distributions have a complex reaction to the enhanced whistler fluctuations conditioning the instability saturation by a decrease of the relative drifts combined with induced (effective) temperature anisotropies (heating the core electrons and pitch-angle and energy scattering the strahl). These results are in good agreement with a recent quasilinear approach, and support therefore a largely accepted belief that WHFI saturates at moderate amplitudes. In the anti-sunward direction the strahl becomes skewed with a pitch-angle distribution decreasing in width as electron energy increases, which seems to be characteristic of self-generated whistlers and not to small-scale turbulence.
Changes of physicochemical properties and correlation analysis of common buckwheat starch during germination
Authors: Gao Licheng , Xia Meijuan , Li Zhonghao , Wang Pengke , Wang Meng , Gao Jinfeng
Published: September 2019

In order to clarify the physicochemical properties of starch during germination of common buckwheat, Xinong9976 was selected as the experimental material to study the main nutrients, particle structure, particle size distribution, transparency, aging value, pasting properties and the correlation between pasting properties and starch composition and main nutrients. The results showed that main nutrients were significantly different. The diameter of starch granules ranged from 2.36 to 8.89.m, and the shapes of starch granules were irregular with obvious holes and cracks on the surface. There were significant differences in starch transparency, aging value and pasting properties at different germination stages. Peak viscosity, through viscosity and final viscosity of germinated common buckwheat was significantly positive correlated with amylopectin content (P < 0.05) and breakdown, final viscosity and setback were significantly negatively correlated with amylose content (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis of starch pasting properties and main nutrients showed that breakdown, setback and crude fat content were significantly negatively correlated (P < 0.01), peak viscosity, through viscosity and final viscosity were significantly negatively correlated with crude fat content (P < 0.05), while the starch pasting properties had no significant correlation with other nutrients.Received: April 14, 2019; accepted: June 8, 2019Key words: common buckwheat, germination, physicochemical properties, starch
Effect of Castor (Ricinus communis) Seed Oilon the Haematological Parameters of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Suleiman B. , Musa S. P. , Bashir A. Y.
Published: September 2019

Purpose: Nile tilapia is known to have a high prolific rate of reproduction which impacts the native aquatic bio-diversity. This phenomena and various methods of curtailing have been well studied in few selected places around the world. Hence, this research aims to evaluate the effect of castor oil on haematological parameters of O. niloticus, at sub-lethal doses.Research Method: Sixteen samples of ready to spawn O. niloticus weighing 6.5-8.5g were used for the experiment and castor oil was extracted from the seeds through Soxhlet extraction. Three different doses of castor oil (R. communis) were administered to determine the level of effect of castor oil on the blood parameters.Findings: Packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC) count, total white blood cell (TWBC) count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were determined using standard methods. MCV, MCH, MCHC, and WBC did not vary significantly (P>0.05). PCV were all within the normal range (40.33-21.00%). Hb values were low and ranged from 6.97 – 13.43 g/dl, and TWBC ranged from 3.90 – 6.70 1012/l.Value: This research revealed castor oil to significantly alter some parameters of O. niloticus and has inverse relationship between WBC and RBC counts of O. niloticus.
Prospective long-term study of patency and outcomes of 505 arteriovenous fistulas in patients with chronic renal failure: Authors experience and review of literature
Authors: Sahasrabudhe Parag , Dighe Tushar , Panse Nikhil , Deshpande Shraddha , jadhav Amit , Londhe Sheetal
Published: September 2019

Background: This study describes our experience of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation as vascular access for haemodialysis. Materials and Methods: This study has been carried out in our hospital from January 2004 to December 2012. A total of 505 AVFs were created in 443 patients. Maximum follow-up was 8 years, and minimum was 6 months. Observations and Results: In this study of 505 cases of AVFs, primary patency rates by Kaplan — Meier analysis showed 78.81% patency of fistulas at the end of 1 year and patency dropped to 14.81% at the end of 5 years. Our primary failure rate was 21.2%. Basilic vein was used in 26.35% cases, cephalic vein in 63.5%, and antecubital vein in 9.75% cases. On table, bruit was present in 459 (90.9%) and thrill in 451 (89.3%) cases. During dialysis, flow rate >250 ml/min was obtained in 150 (29.9%) cases. In complications, 2 (0.4%) patients developed distal oedema, 33 (6.5%) developed steal phenomenon. Conclusions: Presence of on table thrill and bruit are indicators of successful AVF. If vein diameter is <2 mm, chances of AVF failure are high. Flow rates in patients with vein diam. >2 mm were significantly higher as compared with patients with vein diam. <2 mm (P < 0.001). Flow rates are higher in non-diabetic patients as compared to diabetic patients (P < 0.001). Average blood urea and serum creatinine values are significantly lesser in patients undergoing dialysis through successful fistulas as compared to patients with failed fistulas. Correspondingly, incidence of deaths is significantly lesser in patients with successful fistulas. During proximal side-to-side fistula between antecubital/basilic vein and brachial artery, dilating of the first valve toward wrist helps to develop distal veins in the forearm by retrograde flow. This technique avoids requirement of superficialization of basilic vein in the arm.
Avulsion amputation of the ring finger managed by double cross finger flap: 25 years follow-up
Authors: Gopalakrishna Annavarapu
Published: September 2019

Avulsion amputation of the fingers are rare. Current trend is to replant the avulsed tissue in spite of a high rate of failure. There are situations where replantation is not possible. Various salvage procedures have been mentioned. The author is presenting a 25 year follow up of a double cross finger flap done in 1987. A similar procedure has been reported by other authors but with a short term follow up.
Severe iatrogenic nostril stenosis
Authors: Ebrahimi Ali , Shams Amin
Published: September 2019

Nostril stenosis (narrowing of the nasal inlet) is an uncommon deformity which results in aesthetic and breathing discomfort in patients. The literature review shows that trauma, infection, iatrogenic insults and congenital lesions are major causes of stenosis. Nowadays, rhinoplasty is one of most popular aesthetic surgeries which may have complications such as bleeding, swelling, bruising, asymmetry, obstruction of nasal airways. We present a 30-year-old female patient, who complained about breathing and aesthetic difficulties due to external nasal valve obstruction and nasal deformity. Past medical history showed that the patient had undergone three unsuccessful rhinoplasty surgeries with aesthetic goals.
Mortality due to scrub typhus – report of five cases
Authors: Chaudhry Rama , Thakur Chandan Kumar , Gupta Nitin , Sagar Tanu , Bahadur Tej , Wig Naveet , Sood Rita , Misra Mahesh Chandra
Published: September 2019

Scrub typhus is largely ignored in India particularly during outbreaks of viral fever. The disease course is often complicated leading to fatalities in the absence of treatment. However, if diagnosed early and a specific treatment is initiated, the cure rate is high. We report here five cases of scrub typhus to highlight the fact that high clinical suspicion for such a deadly disease is an absolute necessity.
Completeness of death registration in the Civil Registration System, India (2005 to 2015)
Authors: Kumar G. Anil , Dandona Lalit , Dandona Rakhi
Published: September 2019

Background & objectives:

In many developing countries including India, the civil registration data are incomplete, inadequate and not timely, therefore, compromising the usefulness of these data. The completeness of registration of death (CoRD) in the Indian Civil Registration System (CRS) was assessed from 2005 to 2015 at State level to understand its current status and trends over time and also to identify gaps in data to improve CRS data quality.

Methods:

CoRD for each year for each State was calculated from the CRS reports for 2005-2015. Data were analyzed nationally by geographic region and individual State. The availability of CoRD by age group and sex was also reported.

Results:

About 40 per cent increase in CoRD was documented for India between 2005 and 2015, with CoRD of 76.6 per cent in 2015. CoRD was >90 per cent in the western and southern regions and the eastern, central and northeastern regions had CoRD lower than the Indian average in 2015. Among the 29 States, 16 (55.2%) State had CoRD >80 per cent and five (17.2%) <50 per cent and 10 States recorded 100 per cent CoRD. Despite the highest per cent increase during 2005-2015 (108.5%), CoRD in Uttar Pradesh was 44.2 per cent in 2015. Varying levels of progress in 2015 were seen between the State with similar CoRD estimates in 2015. Nagaland (−63.3%), Manipur (−33.1%) and Tripura (−30.3%) were the only States that documented a decrease in CoRD during 2005-2015. The age non-availability for India ranged from 37.0 per cent in 2009 to 37.9 per cent in 2015, an average of 41.5 per cent over the seven years and was an average of 35.6 and 36.6 per cent for males and females, respectively. Age was available for all registered deaths only in five (17.2%) of the 29 States in 2009 and four (13.8%) in 2015. Sex non-availability for the recorded deaths was much lower as compared with that for age.

Interpretation & conclusions:

Despite the significant progress made in CoRD in India, critical differences between the States within the CRS remain, with poor availability of reporting by age and sex. Concentrated efforts to assess the strengths and weaknesses at the State level of the CRS processes, quality of data and plausibility of information generated are needed in India.
Overnutrition
Authors: Mathur Prashant , Pillai Rakesh
Published: September 2019

Large population-based surveys by the Government of India and several other regional studies have reconfirmed the coexisting burden of over- and undernutrition. While time trends from the 2nd, 3rd and 4th rounds of the National Family Health Survey show declining trends in the prevalence of the underweight, it also highlights increasing rates in the overweight/obesity. Dose-response relationships with different micro- and macronutrient consumption with overweight/obesity prevalence have been established. In this context, it was attempted to identify the specific diet pattern and socio-behavioural determinants of overnutrition along with its combat strategies. This review highlights that while the proportion of chronic energy deficiency is decreasing in India, the intake of micronutrients and food groups continues to be below the recommended dietary allowance set by the Indian Council of Medical Research. Distal factors that determine the nutritional imbalance among Indians are presented under (i) household contextual factors, (ii) peer and socio-cultural influencers, and (iii) business and neighbourhood environment. Accumulation of such factors increases the density of obesogenic environment around individuals. Further, the review offers action points at individual, society and policy levels, presented in a 'logframe matrix' for bringing convergence actions across sectors in consultation with programme managers from different ministries/departments.
Maximal Operator for the Higher Order Calderón Commutator
Authors: Lai Xudong
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we investigate the weighted multilinear boundedness properties of the maximal higher order Calderón commutator for the dimensions larger than two. We establish all weighted multilinear estimates on the product of the$L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{d},w)$space, including some peculiar endpoint estimates of the higher dimensional Calderón commutator.
The effect of house prices on fertility: evidence from Canada
Authors: Clark Jeremy , Ferrer Ana
Published: September 2019

Persistent house price increases are a likely candidate for consideration in fertility decisions. Theoretically, higher housing prices will cause renters to desire fewer additional children, but home owners to desire more children if they already have sufficient housing and low substitution between children and other “goods”, and fewer children otherwise. In this paper, the authors combine longitudinal data from the Canadian Survey of Labour Income and Dynamics (SLID) and averaged housing price data from the Canadian Real Estate Association to estimate the effect of housing prices on fertility in a housing market that has historically been less volatile and more conservative than its American counterpart has. They ask whether changes in lagged housing price affect the marginal fertility of homeowner and renter women aged 18–45. They present results both excluding and including those who move outside their initial real estate board area, using initial area housing prices as an instrument in the latter case. For homeowners, but not renters, the authors predominantly find evidence that lagged housing prices have a positive effect on marginal fertility and possibly on completed fertility. These pro-natal effects are confined to non-movers.
Monitoring the differential reflectivity and receiver calibration for the German polarimetric weather radar network
Authors: Frech Michael , Hubbert John
Published: September 2019

Abstract. It is a challenge to calibrate differential reflectivity ZDR to within 0.1–0.2 dB uncertainty for dual-polarization weather radars that operate operationally 24/7 throughout the year. During operations, a temperature sensitivity of ZDR larger than 0.2 dB over a temperature range of 10°C has been noted. In order to understand the source of the observed ZDR temperature sensitivity, over 2000 dedicated solar box scans, a two dimensional scan 5° azimuth by 8° elevation that encompasses the solar disk, have been made in 2018 from which horizontal (H) and vertical (V) pseudo antenna patterns are calculated. This assessment is carried out using data from the Hohenpeißenberg research radar which is identical to the 17 operational radar systems of the German Meteorological Service (Deutscher Wetterdienst, DWD). ZDR antenna patterns are calculated from the H and V patterns which reveal that the ZDR bias is temperature dependent changing about 0.2 dB over a 12 °C temperature range. One-point calibration results, where a test signal is injected into the antenna crossguide coupler outside the receiver box or into the LNAs, reveal only a very weak temperature sensitivity (
Ability of an Australian reanalysis dataset to characterise sub-daily precipitation
Authors: Acharya Suwash Chandra , Nathan Rory , Wang Quan J. , Su Chun-Hsu , Eizenberg Nathan
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The high spatio-temporal variability of precipitation is often difficult to characterise due to limited measurements. The available low-resolution global reanalysis datasets inadequately represent the spatio-temporal variability of precipitation relevant to catchment hydrology. The Bureau of Meteorology Atmospheric high-resolution Regional Reanalysis for Australia (BARRA) provides a high-resolution atmospheric reanalysis dataset across the Australasian region. For hydrometeorological applications, however, it is essential to properly evaluate the sub-daily precipitation from this reanalysis. In this regard, this paper evaluates the sub-daily precipitation from BARRA for a period of 6 years (2010–2015) over Australia against point observations and blended radar products. We utilise a range of existing and bespoke metrics for evaluation at point and spatial scales. We examine bias in quantile estimates and spatial displacement of sub-daily rainfall at a point scale. At a spatial scale, we use the Fractions Skill Score as a spatial evaluation metric. The results show that the performance of BARRA precipitation depends on spatial location with poorer performance in tropical relative to temperate regions. A possible spatial displacement during large rainfall is also found at point locations. This displacement, evaluated by comparing the distribution of rainfall within a day, could be quantified by considering the neighbourhood grids. On spatial evaluation, hourly precipitation from BARRA are found to be skilful at a spatial scale of less than 100 km (150 km) for a threshold of 75 % quantile (90 % quantile) at most of the locations. The performance across all the metrics improves significantly at time resolutions higher than 3 h. Our evaluations illustrate that the BARRA precipitation, despite discernible spatial displacements, serves as a useful dataset for Australia, especially at sub-daily resolutions. Users of BARRA are recommended to properly account for possible spatio-temporal displacement errors, especially for applications where the spatial and temporal characteristics of rainfall are deemed very important.