bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SS60-03 ROLE OF WORKFORCE IMMUNISATION IN MITIGATING EMERGING RISKS AT THE WORKPLACE
Authors: Saha Rajat Kumar
Published: July 2024

Introduction

One of the emerging health challenges at the workplace is related to infectious diseases. This has gained significant attention after the COVID-19 pandemic. The importance of workforce immunisation is underscored by its pivotal role in preventing the spread of infectious diseases at the workplace. Workforce immunisation stands as a cornerstone in fostering a healthy and productive work environment, offering numerous benefits to both employees and employers. The aim of this review study was to analyse the data on importance and challenges of workforce immunisation.

Materials and Methods

A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus and Global Index Medicus databases. Ten scientific articles were reviewed for analysis. Inclusion criteria were working population in industries with defined age group and exclusion criteria were other age, addiction, infection, childhood immunisation, changing disease epidemiology.

Results

Workforce immunisation has a great impact, without which, there is evidence of 25% organisations losing 14% annual working days to sickness, 62% unprepared for disease outbreaks and 25% suffering over 50 workdays lost yearly. The CDC states a 25% reduction in absenteeism, healthcare expenses, and workers compensation claims after immunisation. Challenges are availability, affordability, accessibility, lack of awareness, and vaccine hesitancy.

Conclusions

By navigating the challenges and complexities of workforce immunisation, employers can create a workplace culture that not only prioritizes the holistic wellbeing of employees but also contributes to broader public health objectives. A workplace immunisation programme must include the following: plan, immunise, track, report with clear visibility, scenario planning, communication, support, validation and reporting.
SS61-04 A REVIEW OF VALIDATED INSTRUMENTS FOR WORK-RELATED ASTHMA AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE WAQASS QUESTIONNAIRE AND ALGORITHM FOR SCREENING AND SURVEILLANCE
Authors: Jeebhay Mohamed , Suojalehto Hille , Henneberger Paul , Valverde Marcela
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Respiratory questionnaires for workplace surveillance or epidemiological surveys are important tools for detecting work-related asthma (WRA). There is a need for a valid and reliable WRA questionnaire that is administered easily and used widely. The project aim was to review the evidence on WRA questionnaires and algorithms, and propose a standardised instrument.

Materials and Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane for all years until March 2021. Search terms addressed topics on asthma, occupational diseases, questionnaires, surveys and algorithms. The questionnaire components evaluated by taskforce members identified six high-quality studies, accounting for five questionnaires and two algorithms. Information was extracted on instrument construction, specific questions used, validation and performance. A set of common questions was identified and an algorithm developed for identifying suspected WRA. The questionnaire items were sorted into a) general allergy and asthma (GA), b) WRA or rhinitis, and assigned scores.

Results

The final WRA questionnaire and algorithm for screening and surveillance was constructed. The questionnaire contains eight questions on general asthma symptoms, diagnosis and medication, four on WRA symptoms and two on work-related ocular-nasal symptoms. A total WRA total score (WRATS), being the sum of the GA total score (GATS) and WRA symptom score (WRASS), if ≥1 triggers referral for clinical assessment and tests to confirm WRA.

Conclusions

This is the first WRA questionnaire based on validated questions from previous studies. Future studies need to evaluate its performance in diverse geographic and occupational settings, to enable refinement and translation for widespread use.
SS62 ERGONOMICS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS IN HEALTH WORKERS AND HEALTHCARE SETTINGS
Authors: Salmen-Navarro Acran
Published: July 2024

Health workers comprise the largest global workforce and are found in every country. The workforce includes individuals who provide patient care, such as physicians, nurses, midwives, physiotherapists, dentists, radiographers and those who provide management / supportive services, e.g. administrators, cooks, transport, security and housekeeping staff. They are exposed to various workplace hazards, in particular, ergonomic hazards causing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs), which are the most disabling and keep workers away from work, causing additional burdens to health systems. These risk factors and vulnerability as a workforce are acutely worsening due to the global shortage of health workers. Identifying, treating and preventing ergonomic hazards should be a priority in every occupational health program in healthcare settings to guarantee a healthy and productive workforce.
SS62-01 ASSESSMENT OF RISK OF WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS IN SURGEONS, NURSES AND PHYSIOTHERAPISTS
Authors: Sharan Deepak
Published: July 2024

Surgeons, nurses and physiotherapists are highly susceptible to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs), which can profoundly impact their overall health and wellbeing. The demanding nature of their job often requires them to perform repetitive movements, manual handling and maintain uncomfortable positions for extended periods. They are exposed to high levels of physical exertion, workload, psychosocial stress, sudden or unanticipated client movements, restricted work areas, and poor job conditions. They perform dynamic, complex, and variable tasks in multiple work locations.

Existing risk assessment tools such as REBA or OWAS fail to appropriately evaluate the nature of the task, variable postures involved and the duration of exposure that can predict the risk of a surgeon, nurse and physiotherapist developing WRMSD. Pain, discomfort, and limited mobility impact the workability of these professionals. The consequences of WRMSDs are absenteeism, presenteeism, loss of productivity, low quality of work, work disability, and poor quality of life. Certain tasks can become impossible, e.g., manual therapy using the hands, performance of surgery or handling or transferring heavier clients. Several healthcare professionals had to modify their work, quit, or look for alternative careers, leading to an acute shortage of skilled professionals.

It is vital to address this issue promptly and effectively to ensure the long-term health and safety of these crucial healthcare professionals and the patients who rely on their expertise and care. This lecture will review the available tools to assess the risk of WRMSDs in surgeons, nurses and physiotherapists.
SS64-04 CHARTING THE EVIDENCE OF OTOTOXICITY FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Authors: Zarus Gregory , Ruiz Patricia , Benedict Rae , Carlson Krystin , Morata Thais
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Ototoxicity is an important public health concern. Few studies involve non-pharmacological substances. Auditory problems in workers exposed to toxic substances have been frequently documented. However, hearing is seldom measured in case-control exposure studies involving these substances.

Methods

The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) develops hundreds of toxicological profiles on substances frequently found in the environment, including volatile organic substances, pesticides, herbicides, metals, inorganic substances, and radionuclides. Each peer-reviewed profile reflects an extensive evaluation, summary, and interpretation of the available toxicological and epidemiological information. Although not presented as “ototoxicity” in the profiles, there are several signs and symptoms associated with “ototoxicity”, such as hearing loss, tonal alteration, and effects to the hair cells of the Organ of Corti. Similarly, association of exposure to chemical substances with vestibular effects such as dizziness, vertigo, visual problems, and headaches are non-specific making them hard to discern from other neurological causes. Study data on tinnitus are rarer still. While literature searches document tinnitus among the frequent complaints of populations exposed to toxic substances, dose-response studies are lacking for this reported affect.

Discussion and Conclusion

Here we systematically present the evidence of ototoxicity associations of several hazardous substances that people are exposed to, both in the environmental and in an occupational setting.

Disclaimer

The conclusions in this presentation are those of the presenter and do not necessarily represent the official position of the NIOSH, CDC and ATSDR.
SS65-03 PRACTICAL APPROACHES, INCLUDING ROVING SAFETY REPS, TO ACHIEVE DECENT WORK (SDG 8)
Authors: Samant Yogindra , Rygh Færevåg Gro Synnøve
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDG 8) aims to promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment, and decent work for all. However, ensuring occupational safety and health (OSH) for workers, particularly those in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and the informal sector, is a significant challenge. These workers are more vulnerable to OSH risks due to limited safety training, restricted equipment access, and less regulated work environments.

Materials and Methods

One practical approach to enhancing OSH in these sectors is to provide access to information and training on OSH risks and preventive measures. This can be done by governments, employers, trade unions, or other organizations. Norway offers an interesting model of prevention for SMEs with its Roving Safety Rep program, which provide interesting templates for other countries as well. OSH regulations are reinforced and stringent enforcement ensured vis-a-vis hierarchy of controls, regardless of employment status.

Results

Raising OSH awareness among employers, workers, and the public is also essential. This can be done through educational campaigns and sharing real-life workplace incidents. Additional measures are needed to protect migrant workers, who are over-represented in the informal and SME sectors. These include engaging migrant workers in OSH decisions, providing culturally sensitive training and information, and prioritizing the hierarchy of controls for occupational exposure prevention.

Conclusions

Collectively, these actions will create a safe and healthy work environment for all workers, contributing towards the realization of SDG 8.
SS67-03 WHAT IS THE HEALTH BURDEN OF HEAT STRESS COMBINED WITH THE WORKLOAD IN INDIA'S INFORMAL AGRICULTURE SECTORS?
Authors: Venugopal Vidhya , Latha P K , Shanmugam Rekha , Krishnamoorthy Manikandan
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Heat stress will worsen in developing nations with large informal economies and manual labor, affecting health and productivity.

Materials and Methods

We examined seasonal heat exposures, job-specific workload (WL), heat-related illness (HRI) symptoms, and productivity loss (PL) in 275 informal agriculture workers between 2018 and 2022 to determine if heat combined with manual workload is associated with HRIs. HSIs were measured using established procedures. For varying WLs, heat stress was defined as exceeding the WBGT-Threshold Limit Value (TLV).

Results

The average summer WBGT was 29.9±3.3°C and winter WBGT was 27.6±2.3°C. In the summer, 95% of workers were exposed to WBGTs that exceeded the TLVs, while in the winter, about 47% were exposed to WBGTs above the TLVs. 80% of workers exhibited HRI symptoms, 39% had HSI symptoms, and 65% reported PL. Statistically significant positive associations were observed between WL and the incidence of HRI (AOR: 4.6; 95% CI: 1.7-12.1) and HSI (AOR: 12;95% CI:1.5-97.5) after controlling for potential confounders. In comparison with workers with moderate WL, those with heavy WL had an 11.5 times higher risk of PL (95% Cl: 2.4-54.0).

Conclusions

In Indian informal sectors, both summer and winter temperatures exceeded the TLV for safe working conditions. Heat and manual workload are significant predictors of dehydration, HRIs, and, decreased worker productivity. When heavy workloads are combined with high workplace WBGTs, the risk of HRIs is significantly increased. To protect millions of informal workers globally from heat impacts, it is urgent to develop culturally sensitive interventions, especially in a rising temperature scenario.
SS68-03 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE FOR WORKERS EXPOSED TO LUNG CARCINOGENS
Authors: Delva Fleur , Pairon Jean-Claude , Margery Jacques , Laurent François , Petitprez Karine , André Michel , Bessette Dominique , Brochard Patrick , Certin Jean-François , Chouaid Christos , Clin-Godard Bénédicte , Goutet Pierre , Grenier Philippe , Ibanez Gladys , Iwatsubo Yuriko , Lebaupain Claudie , Leroy Chloé , Milleron Bernard , Paris Christophe , Stücker Isabelle , Thouveny Gilbert , Tirmarche Dominique , Vandame Martine , Vandenberghe Odile
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The National Lung Screening Trial showed the efficacy of chest CT scan screening for population aged 55–74 years, smokers or ex-smokers (≤15 years) with over 30 pack-years. There was no recommendation for occupational lung carcinogens. The aim of this recommendation was to define the occupational health surveillance for workers exposed, or have been exposed, to pulmonary occupational carcinogens.

This recommendation was requested by Direction du Général du Travail with participation of Société Française de Médecine du Travail, Société de Pneumologie de Langue Française, Société Française de Radiologie and several physicians.

Materials and Methods

For this topic, we used the methodology ‘Recommendations for clinical practice’ recommended by the Haute Autorité de Santé.

Results

Twenty-six recommendations were issued for the occupational health surveillance for workers exposed, or previously exposed, to pulmonary carcinogens. The Working Group recommended the implementation of a trial taking into account the level of exposure to all known occupational lung carcinogens and smoking status. The aim is to test the feasibility of low-dose thoracic CT screening in a population at high risk of lung cancer. Other recommendations were on exposure diagnosis, prevention, traceability, and the role of the occupational health department and maintaining employment.

Conclusions

In the first step, the Working Group recommended the implementation of a feasibility study in two French departments, in subjects aged 55 to 74 years, occupationally exposed, or previously exposed, to lung carcinogens, smokers or ex-smokers. This feasibility study is conducted in two specialized centres with annual CT scan during two years.
SS69-01 NOISE POLLUTION IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY IN TANGIER
Authors: Marrakchi Mounir
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The automobile industry is a structuring pole for the national economy, particularly in the Tangier region where the majority of companies in this sector is based. This industry is a very vast field, it includes numerous phases ranging from engine machining to vehicle trim parts, which determines the varieties in this field. Among the latter, noise pollution is present in almost all phases of the automobile industry. the objective of our study was to evaluate noise pollution among workers in the automobile industry sector as well as to detect possible consequences.

Materials and Methods

This is a multicentric study carried out at the level of six industrial units of different activities all related to the automobile industry. It was based on the measurement of daily sound exposure at the workplace (exposimetry) and within workshops (noise mapping), in addition to the evaluation of the consequences for exposed people (audiometry).

Results

Noise pollution was present in the different positions and phases of the automobile industry in addition to certain existing consequences on the health of exposed workers, although this industry has only recently been deployed in the region. The main health effects were hearing loss, sleep disturbances, mental health problems, heart problems, stress, and reduced work performance.

Conclusion

Noise pollution represents a real danger for workers in the automobile industry. Additional metrological studies as well as early detection of its consequences on health are the key to effective prevention.
SS70-05 ESTIMATING THE PREVALENCE OF CARCINOGEN EXPOSURE IN NEW ZEALAND
Authors: Khieu Trang , Mohammad Khandoker Akib
Published: July 2024

Introduction

In New Zealand, carcinogens and airborne substances contribute to one-third of work-related harms. Annually there are about 750-900 work-related deaths. About 70% of these deaths are associated with cancers and respiratory diseases. To date, there is no baseline exposure database on occupational carcinogens. Previous exposure surveys heavily relied on workers' self-reported information, which might not provide a true prevalence of carcinogen exposure in New Zealand.

Materials and Methods

The survey used the Occupational Integrated Database Exposure Assessment System (OccIDEAS) developed by the OccIDEAS team in Australia. OccIDEAS assesses the probability and level of exposure to specific carcinogenic agents using workers' job and task module algorithms and experts' opinions such as occupation hygienists, physicians, and epidemiologists. The survey covers over 50 known or probable carcinogenic agents based on IARC assessments.

Results

Approximately 57.5% of workers are probably exposed to at least one carcinogen at any level (either low, medium, or high exposure). About 23.3% are exposed to five or more carcinogens at any level. Some 28.0% of workers are deemed to have high probable exposure to at least one carcinogen. Māori workers are more likely to be exposed to at least one carcinogen at any exposure level than others. Exposure to carcinogenic agents is markedly different by industry, occupational group, gender, and age.

Conclusions

The survey supports the New Zealand Health and Safety at Work Strategy 2018-2028. These results could be used to estimate the burden of harm from carcinogens, develop the New Zealand profiles on occupational carcinogens, and prioritise which agents to focus on.
SS71-02 FUTURISTIC VISION: MENTAL HEALTH IN COLOMBIA
Authors: Marquez-Medina Luis Guillermo , Caraballo-Arias Yohama , Rincón-Sarmiento Juan Ignacio
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Society has had a mental change with the inclusion of technology in the daily routine, which could affect the physical, mental, and emotional health of workers, and has determined the need to include a guideline that provides tools to identify mental health issues and adopt appropriate preventive measures to reduce the likelihood of developing a mental illness in the training of safety and health at work in Colombia.

The fourth industrial revolution will not only change everything that man does, but also there is a greater dependence on the internet, can diminish our current capacities to solve situations or problems in the road of our life.

Materials and Methods

In the classification of occupational diseases defined by Law 1477 of 2014, this list does not mention the possible mental illnesses derived from the use of innovative technologies, without having a statistical record of the possible effect on mental health. In this sense, through the new modality of teleworking, remote work when using computer, affecting our behavior and our mental health.

Conclusion

Health professionals do not currently have training in occupational health such as diseases derived from the use of new technologies, therefore professionals are invited to conduct research and create tools for the prevention of the impact on mental health derived of the use of new technologies and the changes they will generate in the short term in society.
SS72-01 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH TRAINING IN INDIA – CURRENT STATUS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Pingle Shyam , Sau Arkaprabha
Published: July 2024

Introduction

At 1.3 billion, India comprises not just 17.8% of the global population but contributes almost 25% of global working population due to its young demographics.

Methods and Materials

Following the infamous Bhopal gas disaster, the Ministry of Labor and Employment introduced the Associate Fellow in Industrial Health (AFIH) course at the Central Labor Institute, Mumbai, in 1995. This skills-based certificate course of three months duration, offered annually, was made a mandatory qualification for doctors to work as physicians in the hazardous industry.

Results

Once limited to only 50 participants annually, since the last 15 years, the course has expanded and is now run by 17 institutions training about 600 doctors per year. About 4,400 doctors have been trained to date. Currently there is no other course for doctors in occupational health in the country. Moreover, there is no course to produce occupational health nurses either. Given the size of the country and expanding industries, the need for occupational health personnel is huge and at the current rate, may take many decades to produce enough manpower. In view of this, the Indian Association of Occupational Health, a non-governmental association of occupational health experts, undertook collaborative awareness and a sensitization initiative for primary care physicians in India by conducting in person training courses, satellite training courses, publishing a book on Basic Occupational Health Services, and producing training videos available on social media.

Conclusion

Due to its own set of constraints, integrating occupational health training with existing public healthcare services can be a challenging task. Thus, capacity building in occupational health is a huge challenge and needs concerted efforts.
SS72-02 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH (OH) EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE – ‘SUS-BRASIL’
Authors: Dias Elizabeth Costa , de Lima Mônica Angelim Gomes , Andrade Andréa Garboggini Melo , de Carvalho Rita Cássia Peralta , Mendes Tiza , Monteiro Ana Carina Dunham , Prazeres Taiane Araújo dos , da Neves Robson Fonseca
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Occupational health (OH) education and training is a complex task, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods and Materials

A Brazilian experience in the Unified Health System (SUS), within the scope of primary healthcare (PHC), the gateway and coordinator of SUS presents results of a partnership between the Ministry of Health and public universities. These are two self-instructional courses, in the distance education (EAD) format in the Moodle Virtual Environment offered throughout the national territory with the objective of training professionals, managers and members of social control, to apply the technical guidelines of the National Health Policy of the Worker. The first focused on analyzing the Occupational Health Situation (ASSTT) in the teams' territory, with a workload of 96 hours, lasting six months. The second aimed at qualifying health actions of PHC workers, considering the relationship between work and the health-disease process, with a workload of 70 hours and duration of four months.

Results

There were 2,343 participants in the pilot groups of both courses, although with low participation of PHC professionals. Communication and information technologies methodologies were used, and problem situations with interactive scenarios, modular activities and a guidance system for the execution of activities and final evaluation. Despite the positive assessment of graduates, only 725 of those enrolled completed the process. Among the causes for this abandonment rate are flaws in the disclosure processes to reached the preferred target audience, PHC workers.

Conclusion

Thus, it is necessary to improve the initiative and make adjustments to meet the specificities of territories and PHC professionals.
SS72-04 OSH EDUCATION IN LOW AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES (LMICS): WHAT IS THE ROLE FOR INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION?
Authors: van Dijk Frank , Sulistomo Astrid , Caraballo-Arias Yohama , Moti Suvarna , Zungu Muzimkhulu
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Working conditions in LMICs can include both very basic and high-tech conditions, much work is informal, agriculture is a large sector, and risks can be high. Preventive solutions must be robust, affordable, sustainable, and preferably locally produced. Legislation is often absent or insufficient, and poorly implemented. Scarce occupational safety and health (OSH) experts are mostly working for large companies. OSH education in LMICs differs from education in high-income countries and has a high priority.

Materials and Methods

Basic conditions must be clear. Which target groups must be educated? Workers, managers, students, OSH professionals, primary care, selected medical specialists? What is the starting level of knowledge, skills, and attitudes? Are face-to-face meetings possible? How much time do people have for a workshop or course?

Results

Learning objectives are the basis. The content should be relevant and reliable. What is the focus - on practice-oriented skills or policy development? Is the educational format a learning-by-doing project or a blended learning module? The evaluation must be decided. International collaboration flourishes by open access, downloadable, relevant, and reliable learning materials. New tools are online seminars and MOOCs, the e-library of e-lessons and e-modules (from LDOH Foundation), a new book and materials for agriculture. New translation tools arrived. We need core curriculum materials for occupational physicians and nurses, like exist for hygienists.

Conclusions

Transplanting education from rich countries to LMICs is not a good idea. Is a new international platform for OSH education for LMICs better? What about education for Basic Occupational Health Services based upon country-specific tasks?
SS73 ERGOTOXICOLOGY
Authors: Garrigou Alain
Published: July 2024

Ergotoxicology will be presented as a particular practice of ergonomics (Garrigou, 2011) aimed at analyzing work activities in occupational environments where exposure to chemicals may occur.

Within this framework, ergotoxicology develops ‘operative models (in the sense of Wisner, 1972), tools and effective means of prevention to manage and prevent health risks for workers exposed to chemicals’ (Garrigou, 2011). In this sense, it is a form of research and intervention with an operational aim, deeply rooted in ergonomics.

By virtue of its objectives, ergotoxicology mobilizes complementary knowledge and models from toxicology, occupational medicine and prevention.
O-005 HOW CAN WORK ACCOMMODATIONS CONTRIBUTE TO SUSTAINABLE RETURN TO WORK OF OLDER WORKERS AFTER SICK LEAVE?
Authors: Negrini Alessia , Corbière Marc , Dubé Jessica , Masse Samantha Vila
Published: July 2024

Introduction

In Quebec (Canada), older workers aged 45 or over have a longer average absence compared to other types of workers, with higher annual costs per injury. Based on the disability at work paradigm, this study aimed to identify how work accommodations can contribute to sustainable return to work (S-RTW) of older workers having experienced occupational physical or psychological impairments.

Methods

Following a mixed design study, the ACC45+ questionnaire was developed and validated in Canada to list the work accommodations implemented during the RTW of the target population.

Results

The tool (37 items under 8 subscales) measures feasible accommodations about the work context and content, and the interpersonal relations at work. The accommodations reported as frequently implemented (≥70%) during the RTW process were: RTW plan and follow-up, and Work schedule and the workplace. T-tests showed that some accommodations (e.g., Co-worker support) are less prevalent among older workers having experienced a psychological impairment. Finally, multivariate analyses showed that two work accommodations (Work schedule and workplace, and Occupational health) were significantly correlated with Fear of relapse and the Ergonomics of the workplace which, in turn, positively influenced S-RTW.

Discussion and conclusion

Results confirmed that working in an organization that is attentive to occupational and safety issues is effective in promoting older workers’ job maintenance after the RTW. The ACC45+ is the first questionnaire that can be used by stakeholders (e.g., immediate supervisors, union representatives, psychologists, physiotherapists) in interventions for implementing work accommodations in order to prevent older workers’ relapses and to promote their S-RTW.
P-003 SOCIAL CONTACT AT WORK: DEALING WITH A VOLATILE RESOURCE
Authors: Voss Amanda , Pfleger Elisabeth
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Social contacts at work represent an important resource for the well-being of employees. If these contacts are lost, loneliness can occur. It is therefore important to be aware of the function of social contacts in order to prepare accordingly, for example when transitioning into retirement.

Methods

In a preliminary study during the pandemic, 203 employees were asked to what extent they missed social contacts at work. The questions related to professional and private content and prepare a project in which social contacts are eliminated due to retirement. The data were analyzed descriptively.

Results

28.1% stated that they severely missed private, direct communication with colleagues and superiors. 20.1% missed talking to colleagues about things that make them happy and 12.2% missed talking to colleagues about things that stress them out.

Discussion

The results of the preliminary study show that under the conditions of the pandemic, a significant loss of social contacts at work was felt, although in principle there was still contact between colleagues.

Conclusion

The transition to retirement is more predictable than the pandemic, but in some cases, it means the permanent loss of certain social contacts. In order to create awareness of the role of social contacts at work and to prepare employees for the loss of this resource, the KOMPASS project is developing procedures to raise awareness and prevent impending loneliness. Using a survey tool, employees learn what functions work fulfills for them and how they can compensate for their loss in retirement.
P-006 SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS AND OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO ORGANIC SOLVENTS: A REPORT OF TWO CASES
Authors: Bechrifa Emna , Ismail Saloua , Dallagi Amani , Baraket Emna , Khouja Nihel , Hsinet Jihen , Benzarti Aida
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease with a multifactorial etiology, and its underlying pathophysiology remains incompletely elucidated. The observation of scleroderma cases among individuals with occupational exposure to organic solvents raises intriguing questions about the potential role of environmental factors in the pathogenesis of this condition. Discuss occupational systemic sclerosis related to chronic exposure to industry- used organic solvents and propose a preventive strategy.

Methods

The study comprises two case reports and a bibliographic search.

Results

Two female patients, aged 23 and 52, worked in industrial clothing factories, exposed chronically to organic solvents like perchloroethylene without preventive measures. Scleroderma diagnosis was confirmed through positive antinuclear antibody assays, reduced capillary count by capillaroscopy, and restricted respiratory function. The exposure duration was six and 16 years, respectively. The second patient was also diagnosed with organic psychosyndrome and peripheral neuropathy, declared of occupational origin, unlike scleroderma, not recognized legally.

Discussion

Occupational investigation identified organic solvents as likely causal agents. Chronic exposure suggests a potential link to occupational systemic sclerosis. Literature already associates organic solvents with scleroderma development. The biological plausibility of solvent-induced scleroderma, potentially involving immunological mechanisms like protein denaturation, aligns with established disease pathways and effects of organic solvent exposure.

Conclusion

Our study emphasizes the significance of implementing preventive measures at individual and collective levels to mitigate potential increases in scleroderma cases resulting from widespread solvent use, which could also reduce the risk of developing drug-like addiction to solvents and other effects on major organs.
O-014 LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION AMONG HEALTHCARE STUDENTS IN A LOW-INCIDENCE COUNTRY. THE EXPERIENCE OF AN ITALIAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Authors: Paladino Maria Emilia , Belingheri Michael , D’orso Marco Italo , Riva Michele Augusto
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Healthcare students and residents, as well as healthcare workers, are exposed to biological risk from MT (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) during hospital internships. Therefore, health surveillance for LTBI (latent tuberculosis infection) is crucial for them, even in low TB incidence countries like Italy, for early diagnosis and preventing active disease. Thus, a baseline test for LTBI diagnosis is strongly recommended for healthcare students and residents before clinical activities. Objectives. This study aimed to analyze MT-related biological risk surveillance data among healthcare students and residents before their internship in an Italian university hospital from 2018 to 2022.

Methods

The study included 2053 healthcare students and residents with a baseline Mantoux skin test (TST) and Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) confirmation test if necessary, before their clinical activities started between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022. The analysis considered gender, age, nationality, degree, BCG vaccination, LTBI diagnosis, and associated characteristics.

Results

Among 2053 participants, 67% were healthcare students and 37% residents. Mostly Italian (95%) and female (65%), the mean age was 23.6 years old; foreigners students were mainly from non-low-incidence countries (≥ 10 cases/100,000 population). Among 2053 TSTs, 52 were positive: 7 were confirmed by IGRA and 6 were BCG-vaccinated. The chest X-ray was negative for all the participants with a positive TST. The seven confirmed LTBI cases received anti-TB chemoprophylaxis. No contacts with active TB reported. A TST positivity was associated with foreign nationality and age.

Discussion and conclusions

This study underscores LTBI screening importance for students and trainees before clinical training, even in low-incidence countries.
P-016 SURVEY OF DRUG-RESISTANT BACTERIA IN SHELTER DOGS TO PREVENT OCCUPATIONAL TRANSMISSION OF DRUG-RESISTANT BACTERIA FROM COMPANION ANIMAL CARE SERVICES
Authors: Hata Akihisa , Fujitani Noboru , Ono Fumiko , Yoshikawa Yasuhiro
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria has become a global public health concern. In human medicine, certain standard precautions are taken to prevent the transmission of pathogens from hosts to healthcare workers and other patients. As antimicrobial agents are also used in companion animal medicine, dogs and cats are considered reservoirs of drug-resistant bacteria. Preventive measures against occupational transmission of resistant bacteria to veterinarians, veterinary nurses, and animal shelter staff are insufficient in Japan. Furthermore, while the status of resistant bacteria in animal hospitals is gradually becoming clearer, information on bacteria in animal shelters remains limited. Therefore, we conducted a survey to determine the prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria in shelter dogs.

Methods

Fecal samples were collected from 138 shelter dogs housed in two facilities in the Kanto region, Escherichia coli were isolated, and their susceptibility to 20 different antibiotics was evaluated.

Results and Discussion

In 22% of dogs, E. coli were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Antimicrobial agents for which resistant strains were detected included ampicillin, cefotaxime, streptomycin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin. Multidrug-resistant E. coli were detected in 13% of dogs, and analysis of resistance genes revealed β-lactamase genes (TEM, DHA-1, CTX-M), quinolone resistance protein genes, and quinolone resistance-determining region mutations. The findings of this study highlight the potential exposure to drug-resistant organisms that pose a health hazard in work environments associated with the protection of companion dogs.

Conclusion

Appropriate infection prevention measures are accordingly necessary to reduce the risk of occupational infections and to control the spread of resistant bacteria to other dogs.
O-023 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PARADOX AND RISK OF DIABETES: EVIDENCE FROM A POPULATION-BASED COHORT IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Chen Liwei , Matthews Timothy A , Liu Xinyue , Li Jian
Published: July 2024

Introduction

It is well-documented that increasing leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), whereas the role of occupational physical activity (OPA) in T2D risk is unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the independent and joint associations of OPA and LTPA with T2D risk.

Methods

This prospective cohort included 1,406 workers without diabetes at baseline (2004-2006) from the population-based Mid-Life in the United States study. High OPA was defined by engagement in physical tasks at work and high LTPA was classified as participation in moderate-to-vigorous LTPA at least once per week. Associations of OPA and LTPA at baseline with incident T2D during 9 years of follow-up were examined using modified Poisson regression models with adjustment for potential confounders such as sociodemographic factors and job strain.

Results

High OPA was associated with a 52% (adjusted RR=1.52; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.22) higher risk of T2D compared to low OPA, while high LTPA was associated with a 44% lower risk of T2D compared to low LTPA (0.66; 0.44, 0.97). Diabetes risk was 2.30 times higher (1.30, 4.07) among workers with high OPA and low LTPA than those with low OPA and high LTPA.

Discussion

In a population-based prospective cohort study of U.S. workers, we found OPA and LTPA had opposite associations with diabetes risk, highlighting the potential detrimental role of OPA in cardiometabolic health.

Conclusion

Our findings support the physical activity paradox for diabetes risk. Workers with high OPA and low LTPA could be considered a high-risk population for diabetes prevention.
O-024 OCCUPATIONAL DIESEL EXHAUST EXPOSURE AND CORONARY ARTERY CALCIFICATION
Authors: Stokholm Zara Ann , Wils Regitze Sølling , Böttcher Morten , Gustavsson Per , Flachs Esben Meulengracht , Schlünssen Vivi , Kromhout Hans , Brauer Charlotte , Ketzel Matthias , Sørig Karin , Rugulies Reiner , Madsen Ida Elisabeth Huitfeldt , Bang Casper Niels Furbo , Hansen Johnni , Sejbæk Camilla Sandal , Skaaby Stinna , Mehlum Ingrid Alethe Sivesind , Bonde Jens Peter , Kolstad Henrik Albert
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Coronary artery calcification is a major feature of ischaemic heart disease. Occupational exposure to diesel exhaust has been related to increased risk of ischaemic heart disease. We examined if coronary artery calcification was associated with occupational exposure to diesel exhaust.

Methods

Lifetime occupational exposure was assessed by a quantitative job exposure matrix based on a quantitative job exposure matrix. Associations between cumulative diesel exhaust exposure (µg/m3-years) and coronary artery calcification score (none=0; low=1-100; moderate=101-400; severe≥401) were analysed with ordered logistic regression among patients with a cardiac CT scan between 2005-2018. Analyses were stratified by sex and adjusted for age (2-year intervals), household income, employment status, probability of smoking and BMI, cohabitation and relevant medications.

Results

Preliminary results show a total of 19,861 patients were included. No coronary artery calcification was detected in 39 % of the participants, whereas 13 % had a score ≥ 401. Increasing cumulative diesel exhaust exposure did not seem to be associated with an increasing risk of coronary artery calcification, OR 1.00(0.97-1.03) p=0.994 for men and OR 1.04(0.98-1.10) p=0.211 for women in the fully adjusted model.

Discussion and Conclusion

These cross-sectional findings do not suggest that occupational diesel exhaust exposure contributes to ischaemic heart disease through coronary artery calcification.
P-032 CORRELATION OF BLOOD LEAD LEVELS AND HS-TROPONIN T LEVELS AMONG LEAD EXPOSED WORKERS
Authors: Mei Rohmasari Winda Widyaning Putri , Ilyas Muhammad , Fitriani Dewi Yunia , Mansyur Muchtaruddin
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Studies showed that lead chronic exposure causes cardiovascular disorders. This is an initial analysis from the data of the study investigates the correlation of Blood Lead Levels and hs-Troponin T levels among lead exposed workers.

Methods

This cross sectional study involved 40 male lead exposed workers in Java, Indonesia who have hs-Troponin T > 3 pg/dL. The blood samples were drawn from venous and stored using EDTA tubes. Blood lead level was measured by ICP-MS, whereas hs-Troponin T level was measured by Electro-chemiluminescent Immunoassay/ ECLIA.

Results

The male lead exposed workers were 26 – 66 years old. The median of Blood Lead Levels was 7,49 ug/dL (1,17 – 43,49 ug/dL) and hs-Troponin T was 5,29 pg/dL (3,01 – 16,34 g/dL). We identified there was no correlation of Blood Lead Levels and hs-Troponin T Levels (r= 0.052, p= 0.752).

Discussion and conclusion

There is no correlation of Blood Lead Levels and hs-Troponin T levels among lead exposed workers. Alternative biomarkers to detect the early cardiovascular disorders including pro-atherosclerotic changes induced by lead exposure is needed. Keyword: Lead exposure, Blood Lead Levels, hs-Troponin T, Worker
O-030 EFFECT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE TOWARDS WORK PRODUCTIVITY AND MONETARY LOSS AMONG SCHOOL TEACHERS IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: A NESTED CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Lim Yin-Cheng , Yap Jun Fai , Moy Foong Ming , Ahmad Wan Azman Wan
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Limited data exists regarding the effect of cardiovascular disease (CVD) on the work productivity of teachers in Malaysia. Our objective was to assess work productivity loss, encompassing absenteeism and presenteeism, and determine the associated annual monetary loss among school teachers who experienced incident CVD in Peninsular Malaysia.

Methods

A nested case-control design (1:4 ratio) was employed within a cohort of school teachers across six states in Peninsular Malaysia. The short version of the validated Malay World Health Organization-Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (WHO-HPQ) gauged the work productivity impact on teachers with incident CVD (cases) before 31st December 2021. A similar questionnaire was distributed to teachers in a single state of Peninsular Malaysia without incident CVD (controls). Analysis of covariance was performed with covariate adjustments through propensity scores. Bootstrapping method was utilized for better estimation of marginal mean differences.

Results

Forty-eight cases (mean baseline age = 42.4 years, 54.2% females) and 192 randomly selected controls (mean baseline age = 36.2 years, 99.0% females) were recruited. No difference was observed concerning absenteeism. Among cases, marginal mean scores for absolute presenteeism (76.30) were significantly lower (p < 0.05, eta squared = 0.075) compared to controls (85.97). Cases exhibited a higher (p < 0.05, eta squared = 0.082) marginal mean annual presenteeism cost (MYR 21,237.52) than controls (MYR 12,089.74).

Discussion

Incident CVD exhibited distinct effects on the work productivity of the affected school teachers.

Conclusion

Implementing supportive work strategies within school settings is recommended to target the reduction of absolute presenteeism and its accompanying annual costs.
P-048 WORK-RELATED CONSIDERATIONS IN RHEUMATIC AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES (RMDS): A REVIEW OF HIGH-IMPACT JOURNALS
Authors: Chuah Chee Kuan , Koopmans Imogen , Hashtroudi Aliasad
Published: July 2024

Introduction

RMDs significantly contribute to sickness absence and disability globally. The work participation gap for individuals with chronic diseases, especially RMDs, remains at 10% to 15% in European countries. Despite substantial resources dedicated to RMD research, work as a variable is often overlooked. This review evaluates the inclusion of work-related considerations in high-impact RMD journals.

Methods

We selected the top two journals in both rheumatology and orthopaedic categories, based on their 2022 Clarivate Analytics Journal Impact Factor. Our evaluation focused on treatment efficacy papers of the working age population(16-64) published from August 2022 to August 2023. Five domains were assessed: impact of work on the condition, impact of the condition on work, rehabilitation, return-to-work advice, and modifications.

Results

Out of 85 eligible publications, impact of condition on work was most frequently observed at 28.2%(n=24). Rehabilitation advice constituted a lesser proportion at 23.5%(n=20). The impact of work on the condition, modifications and return-to-work advice were rarely considered, comprising only 9.4%(n=8), 5.9%(n=5) and 3.5%(n=3) of the evaluated papers, respectively.

Discussion

Work plays a pivotal role in people’s lives. While certain publications discussed the ramifications of RMDs on work, a notable gap exists in understanding how work influences health in RMDs, potentially missing opportunities to address work-related factors. Moreover, the limited availability of evidence-based return-to-work and modification strategies poses a challenge for occupational health clinicians assisting people with RMDs.

Conclusion

This review highlights the necessity of integrating work as a variable into RMD management to provide a more holistic care approach to this population.
P-054 WORK ABILITY INDEX (WAI) AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS: RESULTS OF A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN CENTRE OF ITALY
Authors: Rondinone Bruna Maria , Buresti Giuliana , Gambelunghe Angela , Persechino Benedetta
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The Work Ability Index (WAI), developed in the early 1980s in Finland, is the most used instrument to assess work ability. It measures the ability of a worker to perform his/her job, considering the specific psychosocial and physical work-related factors, mental and physical capabilities, and health. WAI is a summary measure that can range from 7 to 49, with higher scores corresponding to greater work ability.

Methods

A cross-sectional study using the WAI questionnaire was performed. Data were collected, through voluntary participation, in a university hospital in Centre of Italy in the period 2021-2022. The sample consisted of 1994 healthcare workers (nurses, physicians, technicians, socio-health workers, and administrative personnel). Data were analyzed through non-parametric tests to assess the differences respect to gender, age, BMI, wards, and tasks.

Results

In the total sample WAI was 42.0, significantly higher in male (42.9 versus 41.5 in female), in younger workers (44.0 in <35y.o. versus 39.9 in >56 y.o.), in workers with lower BMI (underweight: 42.8 vs obesity: 39.8), in doctors (43.5 versus 40.8 in nurses). There weren’t any differences among wards.

Discussion

The average WAI was at a good work ability level for the total sample with some differences due to gender, age, BMI and task. Results of our study are in line with literature that have shown lower WAI scores among female, nurses, and older workers.

Conclusion

WAI is a good tool to measure work ability. Further analysis will be necessary to better identify characterization of work ability among population of workers.