bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Professional development in conservation: an effectiveness framework
Authors: Loffeld Thirza A. C. , Humle Tatyana , Cheyne Susan M. , Black Simon A.
Published: March 2022

Contemporary conservation professionals are part of a workforce focused on overcoming complex challenges under great time pressure. The characteristics of conservation work, and in particular the evolving demands placed on the workforce, mean that to remain effective these professionals need to enhance their skills and abilities continually. Currently, there are no sector-wide guidelines to promote systematic professional development that addresses both individual and organizational learning. This study builds upon existing knowledge from other sectors by examining professional development in conservation through an in-depth qualitative thematic analysis of interviews with 22 conservation professionals, resulting in an effectiveness framework for professional development in the conservation sector. Our findings indicate how individuals’ motivation to learn, proactivity, open-mindedness towards alternative information and views were considered preconditions for effective professional development. A balance between organizational goals and career ambitions was found essential to maintain this motivation to learn and vital for staff retention and preservation of institutional knowledge. Professional development plans may help distinguish between individual career aspirations and organizational objectives and aid a discussion between staff and management on how to balance the two. Leaders have the opportunity to remove barriers to effective professional development. We discuss solutions to overcome specific barriers, to promote an inclusive approach for diverse learners through provision of opportunities, effective learning design, and resource distribution for professional development. This effectiveness framework can be used by conservationists and conservation organizations to plan and decide on professional development.
The sequence of musical development and its place in Swanwick’s meta-theory of music education: a personal response
Authors: Philpott Chris
Published: March 2022

It can be argued that Swanwick’s research and scholarship established the field of music education as an area of interdisciplinary study in the United Kingdom. A significant and seminal publication in this legacy is Swanwick’s work with Tillman on the sequence of musical development based on Tillman’s empirical study of children’s compositions. This paper will aim to place the resulting ‘spiral’ in the wider context of Swanwick’s meta-theory of music education and to understand some of the critical issues surrounding it. The paper will conclude with an appraisal of Swanwick’s impact on the theory and practice of music education.
Ten-year-old boy with congenital long QT syndrome type 2 (LQTS2) and life-threatening electrical storm: a case report of successful treatment with mexiletine
Authors: Wåström Moa , Pfammatter Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2022

We present a case of a boy with long QT syndrome type 2, who was admitted after an out of hospital cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation. Subsequently, all treatments – intravenous magnesium, optimisation of electrolytes, an isoproterenol infusion – failed to terminate his electrical storm. As a last option before left-sided cardiac sympathetic denervation, mexiletine was started and the electrical storm resolved completely.
Music and Modernity in the Colonial City: A Biography of Melbourne's Marshall-Hall Orchestra (1892–1912)
Authors: Robinson Suzanne
Published: March 2022

The Centennial International Exhibition held in Melbourne in 1888 showcased the city's exceptional wealth and cultural aspirations. As part of the exhibition, the visiting English conductor Frederic Hymen Cowen presented 263 orchestral concerts, cultivating a taste for classical music that would sustain a further orchestra, conducted by the English composer G.W.L. Marshall-Hall, that presented several concerts per year from 1892 to 1912. Immigration both before and during that period was a key factor in the urbanization and modernization of Melbourne as well as the success and achievements of Marshall-Hall's orchestra. Yet little is known about individual members and the trajectories of their careers. By examining the lists of members appearing in 19 years’ worth of programmes of the orchestra, this study contributes to the practice of ‘urban musicology’ by providing compelling evidence of the role of immigration in laying the foundation of music performance and performance training in a settler colonial city, and highlights three major steps in the evolution of the profession: the increasing presence in the orchestra of talented and in some cases exceptionally talented Australian-born musicians who were to succeed the older European-born and -trained musicians; the growing participation of women in the orchestra as well as the profession more broadly; and the strengthening of the Musicians’ Union's stranglehold on professional accreditation at the expense of women, amateurs and foreigners.
Co-channel interference analysis at faulty K band waveguide joints
Authors: Sharma Neelam , Panda Debendra Kumar
Published: March 2022

Channel interference is a significant issue for many applications such as satellite communication, mobile communication, and RADAR communication. This paper presents co-channel interference analysis at faulty K band waveguide joints using the multi-cavity modeling technique. Numerical data obtained from multi-cavity modeling technique analysis has been compared with CST microwave studio simulated data and verified with measured data.
Selective histone methyltransferase G9a inhibition reduces metastatic development of Ewing sarcoma through the epigenetic regulation of NEU1
Authors: García-Domínguez Daniel J. , Hajji Nabil , López-Alemany Roser , Sánchez-Molina Sara , Figuerola-Bou Elisabet , Morón Civanto Francisco J. , Rello-Varona Santiago , Andrés-León Eduardo , Benito Adrián , Keun Hector C. , Mora Jaume , Tirado Óscar M. , de Álava Enrique , Hontecillas-Prieto Lourdes
Published: March 2022

Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is an aggressive bone and soft tissue tumor with high susceptibility to metastasize. The underlying molecular mechanisms leading to EWS metastases remain poorly understood. Epigenetic changes have been implicated in EWS tumor growth and progression. Linking epigenetics and metastases may provide insight into novel molecular targets in EWS and improve its treatment. Here, we evaluated the effects of a selective G9a histone methyltransferase inhibitor (BIX01294) on EWS metastatic process. Our results showed that overexpression of G9a in tumors from EWS patients correlates with poor prognosis. Moreover, we observe a significantly higher expression of G9a in metastatic EWS tumor as compared to either primary or recurrent tumor. Using functional assays, we demonstrate that pharmacological G9a inhibition using BIX01294 disrupts several metastatic steps in vitro, such as migration, invasion, adhesion, colony formation and vasculogenic mimicry. Moreover, BIX01294 reduces tumor growth and metastases in two spontaneous metastases mouse models. We further identified the sialidase NEU1 as a direct target and effector of G9a in the metastatic process in EWS. NEU1 overexpression impairs migration, invasion and clonogenic capacity of EWS cell lines. Overall, G9a inhibition impairs metastases in vitro and in vivo through the overexpression of NEU1. G9a has strong potential as a prognostic marker and may be a promising therapeutic target for EWS patients.
Neutrophils direct preexisting matrix to initiate repair in damaged tissues
Authors: Fischer Adrian , Wannemacher Juliane , Christ Simon , Koopmans Tim , Kadri Safwen , Zhao Jiakuan , Gouda Mahesh , Ye Haifeng , Mück-Häusl Martin , Krenn Peter W. , Machens Hans-Günther , Fässler Reinhard , Neumann Philipp-Alexander , Hauck Stefanie M. , Rinkevich Yuval
Published: March 2022

Internal organs heal injuries with new connective tissue, but the cellular and molecular events of this process remain obscure. By tagging extracellular matrix around the mesothelium lining in mouse peritoneum, liver and cecum, here we show that preexisting matrix was transferred across organs into wounds in various injury models. Using proteomics, genetic lineage-tracing and selective injury in juxtaposed organs, we found that the tissue of origin for the transferred matrix likely dictated the scarring or regeneration of the healing tissue. Single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic and chemical screens indicated that the preexisting matrix was transferred by neutrophils dependent on the HSF–integrin AM/B2-kindlin3 cascade. Pharmacologic inhibition of this axis prevented matrix transfer and the formation of peritoneal adhesions. Matrix transfer was thus an early event of wound repair and provides a therapeutic window to dampen scaring across a range of conditions.
An original approach to measure ligand/receptor binding affinity in non-purified samples
Authors: Rascol Estelle , Dufourquet Anouk , Baccouch Rim , Soule Pierre , Alves Isabel D.
Published: March 2022

Several biochemical and biophysical methods are available to determine ligand binding affinities between a biological target and its ligands, most of which require purification, labelling or surface immobilisation. These measurements, however, remain challenging in regards to membrane proteins, as purification processes require their extraction from their native lipid environment, which may in turn impact receptor conformation and functionality. In this study, we have developed a novel experimental procedure using microscale thermophoresis (MST) directly from cell membrane fragments, to determine different ligand binding affinities to a membrane protein, the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R). In order to achieve this, two main challenges had to be overcome: determining the concentration of dopamine D2R in the crude sample; finding ways to minimize or account for non-specific binding of the ligand to cell fragments. Using MST, we were able to determine the D2R concentration in cell membrane fragments to approximately 36.8 ± 2.6 pmol/mg. Next, the doses-responses curves allowed for the determination of KD, to approximately 5.3 ± 1.7 nM, which is very close to the reported value. Important details of the experimental procedure have been detailed in this paper to allow the application of this novel method to various membrane proteins.
Recoil lineshapes in hard X-ray photoelectron spectra of large molecules – free and anchored-on-surface 10-aminodecane-1-thiol
Authors: Kukk Edwin , Püttner Ralph , Simon Marc
Published: March 2022

Core-level photoelectron spectroscopy of molecules presents unique opportunities but also challenges in the Hard X-ray Spectroscopy (HAXPES) realm.
Application of three data evaluation methods for in situ iron isotope analysis using the ns-LA-MC-ICP-MS technique
Authors: Yang Qichao , Gong Hongmei , Wang Xiaohong , Duan Meng , Xiao Yuanyuan , Sun Weidong
Published: March 2022

Performances of three data processing methods in terms of accuracy and precision for in situ Fe isotope analysis were investigated.
Detecting bacterial infections in wounds: a review of biosensors and wearable sensors in comparison with conventional laboratory methods
Authors: Mohamed Salleh Nur Asinah binte , Tanaka Yuki , Sutarlie Laura , Su Xiaodi
Published: March 2022

Review on laboratory-based methods and biosensors and wearable sensors for detecting wound infection by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
Rationally designed helical peptidomimetics disrupt α-synuclein fibrillation
Authors: Bavinton Clementine E. , Sternke-Hoffmann Rebecca , Yamashita Tohru , Knipe Peter C. , Hamilton Andrew D. , Luo Jinghui , Thompson Sam
Published: March 2022

Misfolding of the human protein α-synuclein results in toxic fibrils, which are a hallmark of Parkinson's disease. Herein we show that structure-guided rationally designed peptidomimetics drastically slow the rate of protein aggregation.
Stepwise reduction of a corannulene-based helical molecular nanographene with Na metal
Authors: Zhou Zheng , Zhu Yikun , Fernández-García Jesús M. , Wei Zheng , Fernández Israel , Petrukhina Marina A. , Martín Nazario
Published: March 2022

The two-electron stepwise reduction of a corannulene-based nanographene (C76H64) with Na metal leads to an aromaticity change (from aromatic to non-aromatic or antiaromatic) observed on the most affected rings, which is fully reversible.
An antioxidant boehmite amino-nanozyme able to disaggregate Huntington's inclusion bodies
Authors: Martínez-Camarena Álvaro , Merino Marian , Sánchez-Sánchez Ana Virginia , Blasco Salvador , Llinares José M. , Mullor José L. , García-España Enrique
Published: March 2022

Antioxidant amino-nanozymes shown both a prominent antioxidant activity and a striking capacity to remove mutant huntingtin aggregates.
Importance of molecular symmetry for enantiomeric excess recognition by NMR
Authors: Norvaiša Karolis , O’Brien John E. , Osadchuk Irina , Twamley Brendan , Borovkov Victor , Senge Mathias O.
Published: March 2022

Porphyrins with an exposed inner core N–H system respond to a chiral guest with exceptionally sensitive enantiomeric excess detection.
A covalent organic framework with a self-contained light source for photodynamic therapy
Authors: Ren Wen-Xiu , Kong Fei , Shao Yu-Qing , Huang Qing-Yun , Sun Long-Fei , Feng Jie , Dong Yu-Bin
Published: March 2022

A nanoscale luminol-loaded and Fe(iii)-doped porphyrin-COF with a self-contained light source for photodynamic therapy is reported.
Accurate calculation of absolute free energy of binding for SHP2 allosteric inhibitors using free energy perturbation
Authors: Liang Li , Liu Haichun , Xing Guomeng , Deng Chenglong , Hua Yi , Gu Rui , Lu Tao , Chen Yadong , Zhang Yanmin
Published: March 2022

Herein, absolute binding free energies of SHP2 allosteric inhibitors were calculated using FEP method and excellent correlation of 0.96 was obtained, which demonstrates the possibility to accurately predict binding affinity of allosteric inhibitors.
Size dependent electronic structure of LiFePO4 probed using X-ray absorption and Mössbauer spectroscopy
Authors: Ali Mahboob , Tsud Nataliya , Meena Sher Singh , Murugavel Sevi
Published: March 2022

We present the combined Mössbauer and X-ray absorption spectroscopy investigation of the electronic structure and local site symmetry of Fe in olivine structured LiFePO4 (LFP) with crystallite size (CS).
A one-dimensional high-order commensurate phase of tilted molecules
Authors: Thomas Anthony , Leoni Thomas , Siri Olivier , Becker Conrad , Unzog Martin , Kern Christian , Puschnig Peter , Zeppenfeld Peter
Published: March 2022

We report on the formation of a quasi-1D high-order commensurate (HOC) structure of dihydro-tetraazapentacene (DHTAP) molecules on a Cu(110)–(2 × 1)O surface and its stabilization through internal degrees of freedoms, namely the molecular tilt.
Validating experiments for the reaction H2 + NH2− by dynamical calculations on an accurate full-dimensional potential energy surface
Authors: Song Kaisheng , Song Hongwei , Li Jun
Published: March 2022

Both QCT and QD calculations on a full-dimensional accurate potential energy surface reveal a novel suppression of reactivity by exciting the reactant rotational mode.
Recovery of low molecular weight compounds from alkaline pretreatment liquor via membrane separations
Authors: Saboe Patrick O. , Tomashek Emily G. , Monroe Hanna R. , Haugen Stefan J. , Prestangen Ryan L. , Cleveland Nick S. , Happs Renee M. , Miscall Joel , Ramirez Kelsey J. , Katahira Rui , Tan Eric C. D. , Yan Jipeng , Sun Ning , Beckham Gregg T. , Karp Eric M.
Published: March 2022

Lignin is an abundant renewable resource that is a promising substrate for upgrading to fuels and chemicals.
New Terpenoids from the Corticioid Fungus Punctularia atropurpurascens and their Antimycobacterial Evaluation
Authors: Acero Daniel , Khan Firoz Shah Tuglak , Medina-Ortiz Abraham J. , Rivero-Cruz Isabel , Raja Huzefa A. , Flores-Bocanegra Laura , Fajardo-Hernández Carlos A. , Wan Baojie , Franzblau Scott G. , Hematian Shabnam , Figueroa Mario
Published: March 2022

Chemical investigation of Punctularia atropurpurascens strain HM1 (Punctulariaceae), a corticioid isolated from a decorticated piece of Quercus bark collected in Bosque de
Tlalpan, Mexico City, led to the isolation of a new drimane, 1-α-hydroxy-isodrimenine (1) and a new tetrahydroxy kauranol, 16-hydroxy-phlebia-nor-kauranol (2),
together with the known N-phenylacetamide (3). Structures of all compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic and spectrometric methods, and the absolute configuration of
1 and 2 was confirmed via single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The isolated compounds showed modest antimycobacterial activity.
Assembly of the Hydroxycinnoline Core via Hydrazide-Assisted Rh(III)-Catalyzed C–H Functionalization and Annulation
Authors: Kim Suho , Park Heon Kyu , Mishra Neeraj Kumar , Kim In Su , Kang Ju Young
Published: March 2022

The structural modification of phthalazinones and indazolones has emerged as a pivotal topic in catalytic C–H functionalization events. Herein we report the hydrazide-assisted rhodium(III)-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of N-arylphthalazinones and N-arylindazolones with vinylene carbonate. This method provides direct access to tetracyclic hydroxycinnolines. Complete site-selectivity and functional group compatibility were observed.
Role of intrinsic defects in cubic NaNbO3: A computational study based on hybrid density-functional theory
Authors: Villa Lorenzo , Ghorbani Elaheh , Albe Karsten
Published: March 2022

Antiferroelectric NaNbO3 is a candidate material for application in high-energy density dielectric capacitors. In this context, various doping strategies have been used for installing the desired narrow double P–E loop behavior in this lead-free material. However, controlled doping requires a detailed understanding of the type and population of intrinsic defects, which have not been studied so far. In this study, we, therefore, calculate formation energies, electronic transition levels, and doping behavior of intrinsic defects in cubic NaNbO3 by means of electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory using a hybrid exchange-correlation functional (HSE06) and finite-size correction. The results show that the dominant defects are Na and O vacancies, and that the material is an n-type semiconductor for almost all oxygen partial pressures. Additionally, we predict the presence of a defect complex (VNa– VO– VNa) consisting of two Na vacancies and one O vacancy in two possible structures, which is stable for n- or p-type doping conditions.
Full matrix electromechanical properties of textured Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Sc1/2Nb1/2)O3-PbTiO3 ceramic
Authors: Yang Shuai , Qiao Liao , Wang Jing , Wang Mingwen , Gao Xiangyu , Wu Jie , Li Jinglei , Xu Zhuo , Li Fei
Published: March 2022

Textured relaxor-PbTiO3 (PT) ceramics possess advantages of crystal-like properties, high composition homogeneity, and low cost, and have, thus, received considerable attention from the piezoelectric community. To promote the applications of textured relaxor-PT ceramics, here we characterize the full electromechanical parameters (elastic, dielectric, and piezoelectric coefficients) and the frequency dependence of the coercive field (EC) for the recently reported textured Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Sc1/2Nb1/2)O3-PbTiO3 (PIN-PSN-PT) ceramic. Our results show that the textured PIN-PSN-PT ceramic possesses high piezoelectric coefficients (d31 = −365 pC N−1, d33 = 770 pC N−1, and g33 = 40.4 × 10−3 m2 C−1) and electromechanical coupling factors (k33 = 87% and kp = 82%), far outperforming those of the commercial ceramic PZT-5H (d31 = −274 pC N−1, d33 = 593 pC N−1, g33 = 1.97 × 10−2 m2 C−1, k33 = 75%, and kp = 65%). In addition, the textured PIN-PSN-PT ceramic exhibits lower dielectric constants (ɛ33S = 478) compared with PZT-5H and relaxor-PT crystals, which can greatly promote the sensitivity of receiving transducers. Moreover, the textured PIN-PSN-PT ceramic with a high Tr−t (172 °C) shows better thermal stability compared to commercial relaxor-PT crystals (Tr−t < 130 °C). The results presented here will benefit the development of piezoelectric devices made of textured ceramics.
Semiconductor laser based on a CdS/ZnSe heterostructure with longitudinal optical pumping by a laser diode
Authors: Butaev M.R. , Kozlovsky V.I. , Skasyrsky Ya.K.
Published: March 2022

An optically pumped semiconductor laser based on a CdS/ZnSe heterostructure containing 10 coupled quantum wells is studied. The structure is grown by metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy on a GaAs substrate. A microcavity with interference dielectric mirrors is fabricated based on this structure. At room temperature under longitudinal pumping by an InGaN/GaN pulsed laser diode with a wavelength of 438 nm, the peak power of the microcavity reaches 100 mW at a wavelength of 508 nm and a pulse duration of 65 ns.
IR laser oscillation on caesium and rubidium atomic transitions upon pumping to high-lying energy levels
Authors: Babin A.A. , Volkov M.V. , Garanin S.G. , Kovaldov S.A. , Kopalkin A.V. , Starikov F.A. , Strakhov A.V. , Feoktistov V.V.
Published: March 2022

Laser oscillation is obtained in caesium and rubidium atoms with wavelengths in the range of 2 – 5.5 μm under pumping to high-lying energy levels. Longitudinal resonant pumping is implemented using the second harmonic of radiation from an optical parametric oscillator. The pump wavelength is tuned over discrete levels from 8P to 10P in caesium atoms and from 6P to 8P in rubidium atoms. The width of the pump radiation spectrum is 12 cm−1. When caesium atoms are pumped, the pump pulse energy is no more than 10 mJ; when rubidium atoms are pumped, it does not exceed 3 mJ. The pulse repetition rate is 10 Hz. The maximum output energy of IR laser radiation upon pumping the 9P3/2 level of caesium atoms is about 100 μJ at a cell temperature of ∼170°C, while the efficiency of pump conversion into radiation energy with a wavelength λ ∼ 3.1 μm turns out to be ∼1 %. For rubidium atoms, an estimate of the output energy of IR radiation gives a value of ∼80 μJ at a cell temperature of 180 °C, which corresponds to an energy efficiency of ∼2.7 %.
Nonlinear phenomena in femtosecond laser systems based on Yb: YAG thin-rod amplifiers
Authors: Kim J.W. , Park S. , Sall E.G. , Kim G.-H. , Yashin V.E. , Yang J.
Published: March 2022

Nonlinear effects in a high-power laser amplification system based on thin-rod active elements are experimentally investigated. It is shown that the most important nonlinear effect is the Kerr effect leading to self-focusing and self-phase modulation of laser radiation. The observed luminescence in Yb : YAG crystals in the visible region of the spectrum is caused by the charge transfer luminescence effect, which, in turn, is due to multiphoton absorption of laser radiation. Second-order nonlinearity in the crystal is used to effectively convert femtosecond pulses to second harmonic and sum-frequency waves which exhibit radiations of green and UV spectra.
Femtosecond multiple filamentation of an optical vortex in the mid-IR wavelength range in fused silica and fluorides
Authors: Shlenov S.A. , Kompanets V.O. , Dergachev A.A. , Kandidov V.P. , Chekalin S.V. , Soifer F.I.
Published: March 2022

The results of experimental and theoretical study of the self-action of femtosecond optical vortices in the region of anomalous group velocity dispersion in fused silica and fluorides are presented. Multiple filamentation of an axially asymmetric annular beam with a phase dislocation of topological charge m = 1 at a wavelength of 1800 nm in a LiF crystal is investigated. It is found that for the experimentally recorded intensity profile of a vortex beam with two maxima on the diameter, the critical self-focusing power is approximately two times larger than the critical power of a unimodal Gaussian beam. In pulses with supercritical power in the vicinity of the intensity maxima, two coupled filaments, separated by a phase dislocation, are formed on the annular profile of the optical vortex, which prevents energy exchange during their formation. The length of vortex-beam plasma channels in a single pulse is found to be about 300 μm at a diameter of about 2 μm, which is close to the characteristics of plasma channels in a Gaussian beam.
‘Stepchildren of the Ministry’: an examination of the difficulties endured by family physicians in Istanbul during the course of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Yasin Yeşim , Bozkurt Seray Başak , Yıldırım Cansu , Arzak Atakan , Döndürür Hakan , Eken Adar , Jan Kara Ismail
Published: March 2022

Introduction Efforts to contain the SARS-CoV-2 virus would fall short without strong primary health care. Aim In this study, we aimed to understand family physicians’ experiences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Istanbul, focusing on their coping strategies in order to draw lessons for the future management of pandemics. Methods Twelve community-based physicians working in Istanbul participated in semi-structured interviews between January and May 2021. Purposive sampling was used to ensure a range of physicians’ characteristics. Individual interviews were conducted with each participant on an online platform. Participants were asked 26 open-ended questions. Phenomenological analysis was performed to describe experiences of physicians. Results The physical conditions of participants’ health centres were insufficient to provide service safely during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most physicians were uncomfortable about the quality and quantity of personal protective equipment received from the Ministry of Health and took additional measures themselves. Vaccine supply was thought to be insufficient and there were problems with the associated software. Many family physicians highlighted the inadequate communication from the Ministry. Insufficient knowledge about the disease caused anxiety and fear for the physicians and hindered their performance at the beginning of the pandemic. Physicians who live with their families were more anxious than those who did not. Discussion Despite challenges, routine procedures have mostly been continued, but newly added responsibilities during the COVID-19 pandemic have had significant impact on physicians’ lives.
Peer-to-peer accommodation as a peacebuilding tool: community resilience and group membership.
Authors: Antoniou Katerina
Published: March 2022

Peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation has grown exponentially in popularity over the past decade. This dynamic does not only influence the international tourism industry but carries additional sociocultural and political implications. This chapter discusses the impact of P2P accommodation in fostering positive intercultural relations and in serving as a peacebuilding tool for members of conflicting communities. In particular, the chapter examines the Couchsurfing network in Cyprus and examines its members' interactions and relations through principles of group membership. The study concludes that there is a strong group membership element in the Cyprus-based Couchsurfing community that brings together members from across the island's divide and suggests their increased resilience against divisive rhetoric.
Non-i.i.d. random holomorphic dynamical systems and the generic dichotomy
Authors: Sumi Hiroki , Watanabe Takayuki
Published: March 2022

We consider non-i.i.d. random holomorphic dynamical systems whose choice of maps depends on Markovian rules. We show that generically, such a system is mean stable or chaotic with full Julia set. If a system is mean stable, then the Lyapunov exponent is uniformly negative for every initial value and almost every random orbit. Moreover, we consider families of random holomorphic dynamical systems and show that the set of mean stable systems has full measure under certain conditions. The latter is a new result even for i.i.d. random dynamical systems.
Dynamical localization for polynomial long-range hopping random operators on ℤ^{𝕕}
Authors: Jian Wenwen , Sun Yingte
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we prove a power-law version dynamical localization for a random operator

H

ω

\mathrm {H}_{\omega }

on

Z

d

\mathbb {Z}^d

with long-range hopping. In brief, we show that the Sobolev norm of the discrete linear Schrödinger equation

i

∂

t

u
=

H

ω

u

\mathrm {i}\partial _{t}u=\mathrm {H}_{\omega }u

with well-localized initial state is bounded for any

t
≥
0

t\geq 0

.
The robustness of geodetically derived 1-D Antarctic viscosity models in the presence of complex 3-D viscoelastic Earth structure
Authors: Powell E , Latychev K , Gomez N , Mitrovica J X
Published: March 2022

Earth structure beneath the Antarctic exerts an important control on the evolution of the ice sheet. A range of geological and geophysical data sets indicate that this structure is complex, with the western sector characterized by a lithosphere of thickness ∼50–100 km and viscosities within the upper mantle that vary by 2–3 orders of magnitude. Recent analyses of uplift rates estimated using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations have inferred 1-D viscosity profiles below West Antarctica discretized into a small set of layers within the upper mantle using forward modelling of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA). It remains unclear, however, what these 1-D viscosity models represent in an area with complex 3-D mantle structure, and over what geographic length-scale they are applicable. Here, we explore this issue by repeating the same modelling procedure but applied to synthetic uplift rates computed using a realistic model of 3-D viscoelastic Earth structure inferred from seismic tomographic imaging of the region, a finite volume treatment of GIA that captures this complexity, and a loading history of Antarctic ice mass changes inferred over the period 1992–2017. We find differences of up to an order of magnitude between the best-fitting 1-D inferences and regionally averaged depth profiles through the 3-D viscosity field used to generate the synthetics. Additional calculations suggest that this level of disagreement is not systematically improved if one increases the number of observation sites adopted in the analysis. Moreover, the 1-D models inferred from such a procedure are non-unique, that is a broad range of viscosity profiles fit the synthetic uplift rates equally well as a consequence, in part, of correlations between the viscosity values within each layer. While the uplift rate at each GNSS site is sensitive to a unique subspace of the complex, 3-D viscosity field, additional analyses based on rates from subsets of proximal sites showed no consistent improvement in the level of bias in the 1-D inference. We also conclude that the broad, regional-scale uplift field generated with the 3-D model is poorly represented by a prediction based on the best-fitting 1-D Earth model. Future work analysing GNSS data should be extended to include horizontal rates and move towards inversions for 3-D structure that reflect the intrinsic 3-D resolving power of the data.
Oral health promotion activities in the workplace: a scoping review
Authors: Bakri N N , Smith M B , Broadbent J M , Thomson W M
Published: March 2022

There is limited literature and no reviews on oral health promotion activities in the workplace to guide planning and practice. This review summarizes evidence about oral health promotion activities in the workplace (nature and extent), its impact and the factors that facilitate or act as barriers to implementation. Using the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, scientific articles written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals up to April 2021, from six databases (Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, EMBASE and Emcare) were screened and selected. The full texts of 95 articles were then considered; 21 articles met the inclusion criteria of using oral health status or oral health predisposing factors as primary outcome after an intervention in the workplace. Almost all included articles took a quantitative approach (n = 18), two used a qualitative design and another used a mixed-method approach. The most common activities were personalized or group oral health education interventions and oral health screenings conducted by a dental professional. Two studies reported the cost-benefit of workplace oral health promotion (WOHP). The literature indicated that WOHP interventions can be successful in achieving improvements in oral health, measured using a range of clinical (plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation, periodontal inflammation) and self-rated oral health indicators. Based on the limited literature available, WOHP may have benefits for employee oral health and employers, and the support of managers and organizations potentially improves the success of programmes. The workplace would appear to be an ideal setting to promote oral health. However, there is limited information to guide oral health promotion planning and implementation, and policy.
Sedentary and Bedouin Dialects in Contact: Remarks on the Dialect of Christians and Muslims in Kufur-Kanna
Authors: Zuʾbi Amal
Published: March 2022

Kufur-Kanna is a Palestinian village that has always been in contact with Bedouins. Some of its inhabitants are also Bedouin. One can describe the dialect spoken by both Christians and Muslims in the village as a rural dialect of mixed type. It shows some Bedouin features, e.g. *q > g. The Bedouin features of Kufur-Kanna belong to the Syro-Mesopotamian group of dialects. One can describe several traits shared with Bedouin dialects diachronically as sedentary traits, e.g. the preservation of interdental consonants and gender distinction in the plural of verbs and pronouns. The dialect of Kufur-Kanna has the b-imperfect as other sedentary neighbouring dialects, while it differs from them in some features, e.g. the negation. It is characterized by the compound negation in addition to its absence in other forms that can be considered as a Bedouin feature.
On Protection of U.S. Forces From Global Health Threats: The Role of Health Security Advisors
Authors: Chu Will , Wallace Scott , Licina Derek , Erickson Elizabeth
Published: March 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has exposed a health security gap within our nation and around the world. Recent national laws and policies have outlined the ends and means to improve health security. A decisive way is to achieve this objective is through health-related security cooperation efforts by increasing Health Services Support capacity.
Evaluation of a Cryptococcus capsular polysaccharide detection FungiXpert LFA (lateral flow assay) for the rapid diagnosis of Cryptococcosis
Authors: Liu Ya , Kang Mei , Wu Si-Ying , Wu Li-Juan , He Lan , Xiao Yu-Ling , Zhang Wei-Li , Liao Quan-Feng , Deng Jin , Chen Zhi-Xing , Ma Ying
Published: March 2022

Cryptococcus is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus and is the major cause of fungal meningitis. The cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) lateral flow assay (LFA) is an immunochromatographic test system that has simplified diagnosis as a point-of-care test. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of Cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide detection FungiXpert (Genobio Pharmaceutical, Tianjin, China) using serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples for the diagnosis of cryptococcosis and investigated the cross-reaction of the assays to pathogenic fungi and bacterium by comparing it to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (US FDA)-approved IMMY CrAg LFA. Eighty CSF and 119 serum/plasma samples from 158 patients were retrospectively collected to test for qualitative or semi-quantitative detection of CrAg. Cross-reaction of the assays was tested using 28 fungi and 1 bacterium. Compared to IMMY CrAg LFA, the FungiXpert LFA demonstrated 99.1% sensitivity and 98.9% specificity in the qualitative test. In the 96 semi-quantitative CrAg assay results, 39 (40.6%) test titers of FungiXpert LFA were 1–2 dilutions higher than those of IMMY CrAg LFA. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient of the Semi-quantitative results of CrAg titer tests via the two assays was 0.976. Similar to IMMY CrAg LFA, FungiXpert LFA showed cross-reactivity with Trichosporon asahii. Compared with the IMMY CrAg LFA, the FungiXpert LFA showed an equal, yet, excellent performance. However, it is important to note that these two assays have potential cross-reactivity to T. asahii when diagnosing patients. FungiXpert LFA is a rapid screening method for the effective and practical diagnosis and treatment of cryptococcosis.

Lay summary

The FungiXpert LFA was developed to diagnose fungal meningitis caused by Cryptococcus yeasts, by using serum or cerebrospinal fluid. It was compared to an existing lateral flow assay (LFA). The FungiXpert LFA performed well in qualitative and semi-quantitative tests.
Deep ASKAP EMU Survey of the GAMA23 field: properties of radio sources
Authors: Gürkan Gülay , Prandoni I , O’Brien A , Raja W , Marchetti L , Vaccari M , Driver S , Taylor E , Franzen T , Brown M J I , Shabala S , Andernach H , Hopkins A M , Norris R P , Leahy D , Bilicki M , Farajollahi H , Galvin T , Heald G , Koribalski B S , An T , Warhurst K
Published: March 2022

We present the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) observations of the Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA)-23h field. The survey was carried out at 887.5 MHz and covers an ∼83 square deg field. We imaged the calibrated visibility data, taken as part of the Evolutionary Mapping of Universe Early Science Programme, using the latest version of the ASKAPSoft pipeline. The final mosaic has an angular resolution of 10 arcsec and a central rms noise of around 38 $\mu$Jy beam−1. The derived radio source catalogue has 39 812 entries above a peak flux density threshold of 5σ. We searched for the radio source host galaxy counterparts using the GAMA spectroscopic (with an i-band magnitude limit of 19.2 mag) and multiwavelength catalogues that are available as part of the collaboration. We identified hosts with GAMA spectroscopic redshifts for 5934 radio sources. We describe the data reduction, imaging, and source identification process, and present the source counts. Thanks to the wide area covered by our survey, we obtain very robust counts down to 0.2 mJy. ASKAP’s exceptional survey speed, providing efficient, sensitive, and high-resolution mapping of large regions of the sky in conjunction with the multiwavelength data available for the GAMA23 field, allowed us to discover 63 giant radio galaxies. The data presented here demonstrate the excellent capabilities of ASKAP in the pre-SKA era.
68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT Scan as a Valuable Tool for Diagnosis and Staging of the Rare Entity of Tracheal Paragangliomas
Authors: Nelson Robert , Clemenshaw Michael , Elhelf Islam Ahmed Shehata
Published: March 2022

Primary paraganglioma of the trachea is a rare differential among more common tracheal masses. Definitive diagnosis of tracheal masses is obtained via endoscopic biopsy. Utilization of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT is valuable in the workup of these lesions as paragangliomas would have significantly higher radiotracer uptake compared with the more common squamous cell and adenoid cystic carcinomas. This is particularly important in tracheal paragangliomas, which are typically friable and hypervascular with higher risk of significant bleeding on biopsy. In addition, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT can be used to evaluate for local invasion and metastatic disease as a 1-step imaging modality.
Exceptional Visualization of the Gallbladder on 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Solanki Ritanshu , Singh Harmandeep , Kumar Rajender
Published: March 2022

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare tumors associated with the overexpression of somatostatin receptors owing to their origin from neural crest cells. The somatostatin receptor–based molecular imaging of NETs with 68Ga-DOTANOC is extensively used to diagnose primary and metastatic disease with high diagnostic accuracy. Unlike conventional octreotide imaging, physiological gallbladder uptake is not seen on 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT imaging. The present case report exhibits the rare physiological 68Ga-DOTANOC uptake in the gall bladder and bile duct.
A Solitary Spinal Cord Metastasis From Lung Cancer Displayed on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Tan Xiaoyue , He Li , Ren Jingyun , Zeng Baozhen , Jiang Lei
Published: March 2022

Chest CT images were acquired in a 79-year-old man to evaluate a right lung mass revealed by chest radiography. The image findings suggested possible pulmonary malignancy. FDG PET/CT was performed for staging, which displayed not only a hypermetabolic mass in the upper lobe of right lung but also increased FDG uptake of the spinal cord at T11 to T12 level. A lesion corresponding to the hypermetabolic region of the spinal cord was revealed by MRI. The intramedullary spinal cord metastasis from lung squamous cell carcinoma was confirmed through the pathological examination after the spinal cord lesion was resected.
Does financial literacy improve financial behavior in emerging economies? Evidence from India
Authors: Lahiri Shreya , Biswas Shreya
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The study aims to empirically analyze whether financial literacy can improve the financial behavior of individuals in the context of emerging markets like India.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use the nationally representative Financial Inclusion Insights survey conducted in India during 2018 for the analysis. The authors consider the financial literacy score based on the standard financial literacy quiz that includes understanding basic numeracy, interest rates, inflation and diversification concepts to study its effect on payment attitude, savings attitude and risk management behavior proxied by insurance uptake. Using an instrumental variable approach, the authors account for the possible endogeneity associated with the financial literacy variable.

Findings

The authors find that less than 9% of individuals have correctly answered questions capturing all four aspects of financial literacy. The analysis suggests that improvements in financial literacy scores indeed increases the likelihood of exhibiting superior financial behavior. The results are robust to alternative definitions of financial literacy, outcome variables and inclusion of additional controls. The authors find that financial literacy increases financial planning, and this, in turn, possibly improves financial behavior. The effects are prominent for those residing in the urban area and having confidence in their financial skills.

Originality/value

This is among the few studies that provide insights regarding how improvements in financial literacy can improve financial behavior in an emerging economy context. Moreover, this study highlights financial planning as a possible channel through which financial literacy affects financial behavior. Further, the heterogeneous effects based on the area of residence and own ability underscore the need for complementary policies.
Donald Duck: a narrative that embeds behavioral finance?
Authors: Kleine Jens , Peschke Thomas , Wuschick Anna
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to prove that narratives can be a adequate foundation for human behavior in general and economic behavior in particular using the Donald Duck universe as an example.

Design/methodology/approach

By using a content analysis, the authors examine 208 stories of the Donald Duck universe to prove that economic behavior is already embedded in modern narratives of the 20th century.

Findings

This analysis shows that behavioral finance effects are identified in a total of 52.4% of the analyzed comics. This study furthermore distinguishes the main comic characters Donald Duck and Scrooge McDuck and finds that eight of the nine considered behavioral finance biases can be detected in both. The most striking effect for Donald Duck is overconfidence and for Uncle Scrooge loss aversion.

Social implications

Collectively, these comics provide potential exemplars for behavioral finance. Regardless of whether these comics depict human nature or merely reflect human behavior during that time, they inevitably contribute to the understanding that psychological and sociological influences determine behavior in addition to economic factors that can be used for academic teaching.

Originality/value

In summary, comics, such as the Donald Duck universe, are suitable narratives for behavioral finance.
The effect of gluten in adolescents and young adults with gastrointestinal symptoms: a blinded randomised cross‐over trial
Authors: Crawley Caecilie , Savino Nadia , Halby Cecilie , Sander Stine Dydensborg , Andersen Anne‐Marie Nybo , Arumugam Manimozhiyan , Murray Joseph , Christensen Robin , Husby Steffen
Published: March 2022

Background

The popularity of the gluten‐free diet and sales of gluten‐free products have increased immensely.

Aims

To investigate whether gluten induces gastrointestinal symptoms, measured by self‐reported questionnaires, as well as mental health symptoms in adolescents from a population‐based cohort.

Methods

The eligible participants (n = 273) were recruited from a population‐based cohort of 1266 adolescents and had at least four different gastrointestinal symptoms. Phase one (n = 54) was a run‐in phase where the participants lived gluten‐free for 2 weeks. If they improved they continued to phase 2 (n = 33), a blinded randomised cross‐over trial. Participants were blindly randomised either to start with 7 days of gluten, eating two granola bars containing 10 g of gluten or to 7 days on placebo, eating two granola bars without gluten, followed by the reverse and separated by a 7‐day washout period. The effects of the intervention on gastrointestinal symptoms and mental health symptoms were assessed.

Results

In total, 54/273 participants entered the run‐in phase and 35 were eligible for randomization. A total of 33 were randomised and 32 completed the trial. The median age was 20.3 (IQR 19.2–20.9) and 32/33 participants were females. Compared with a placebo, gluten did not induce gastrointestinal symptoms. The difference in the average VAS was −0.01 (95% confidence interval −2.07 to 2.05). Nor did we find a difference in the outcomes measuring mental health.

Conclusion

Compared with placebo, adding gluten to the diet did not induce gastrointestinal symptoms or worsened mental health in adolescents recruited from a population‐based cohort. The trial registration number is NCT04639921.
Immediate implant placement with platelet rich fibrin as space filling material versus deproteinized bovine bone in maxillary premolars: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Elbrashy Ahmed , Osman Ahmed H. , Shawky Mohamed , Askar Niveen , Atef Mohamed
Published: March 2022

Background

Several biomaterials have been suggested to augment the jumping gap during immediate implant placement.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of xenograft or platelet derived growth factor (PRF) to graft the jumping gap in immediate implant placement in the maxillary premolar region.

Materials and methods

Twenty patients underwent atraumatic extraction followed by immediate placement. The patients were equally divided into two groups. The first group received xenograft as a jumping gap filling material. The second group received PRF to graft the jumping gap. All patients received preoperative, immediate postoperative, and 6 months postoperative cone beam CT scan (CBCT). Implant stability quotient ISQ values were taken for the installed implants immediate postoperative and at 6 months.

Results

Implants receiving PRF as a jumping gap graft material demonstrated a significantly greater amount of crestal bone loss 1.85 ± 0.89 mm as compared to xenograft group 0.77 ± 0.32 mm (t = 3.52, p = 0.005). PRF group showed significantly greater reduction in buccopalatal direction 1.63 mm as compared to xenograft group 0.59 mm (t = 4014, p <0.001). ISQ values were similar immediately postoperative (t = 0.070, p = 0.945) while the ISQ values were significantly lower in PRF group as compared to xenograft graft at the six‐month interval (t = 0.248, p = 0.023).

Conclusion

The use of xenograft material as a jumping gap filling material resulted in superior results compared to PRF with regards to crestal bone loss, buccolingual socket reduction, and ISQ values.