bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A method to reveal and catalog solar flares observed with the Siberian Radioheliograph: first results
Authors: Rozhkova D. , Kashapova L. , Gubin A.
Published: December 2024

We present the first results of our work on creating a catalogue of solar flares observed with the Siberian Radioheliograph (SRH). A technique to find possible solar flare events has been developed. This technique is based on the analysis of the derivatives of temporal profiles and allows one to identify the start, peak, and end moments of events of various intensities. We tested this technique using time profiles of solar soft X-ray emission, which is currently the main indicator of solar flares. The results of the testing of the technique has shown good detection of flare events for one-dimensional data. As the SRH is a multi-frequency instrument, the technique has been improved by adding the ability to automatically identify events based on the simultaneous response at different frequencies.The method was tested to detect solar flares observed with the SRH in the 3–24 GHz range. In total, we revealed about 600 events of various importance classes during the summer months of 2023 and about 300 solar flares occurred in May 2024. The developed software allows one not only to reveal the onset and end of a flare but also provides dynamic spectra that can be used for further analysis of the event.
Interactive service of geoeffective phenomena
Authors: Sapraliev M. , Mikhalyaev O. , Kharldaev L. , Mikhalyaev B.
Published: December 2024

This work attempts to develop an online service for the specialists and amateurs interested in the problem of space weather forecasting. It is based on the scheme of the existing ``Observe the Sun'' service developed by the employees of the Kislovodsk Mountain Astronomical Station (KMAS) of the Central Astronomical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences for rapid demonstration of current solar activity phenomena. At the first stage, we consider one of the geoeffective factors, the solar wind, for calculation of which there exist generally accepted models. The initial data are the observations of the photospheric magnetic field, regularly carried out at the KMAS. The coronal field at the source surface and the velocity field are calculated using the well-known potential field source surface (PFSS) and Wang–Sheeley–Arge (WSA) models. At the next stage, we plan to simulate the solar wind flow at a distance of up to 1 AU and evaluate its geoeffectiveness.
Information system and general archive of SAO RAS observations
Authors: Zhelenkova O. , Plyaskina T. , Shergin V. , Mal'kova G. , Velichko A. , Kyabishev M.
Published: December 2024

The telescopes of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences provide unique observational material. For observations, various astronomical instruments and data acquisition systems are used, which record observations with different data structures and descriptive parameters. The general archive of the observatory contains more than two dozen digital collections with observations obtained on various instruments. Maintaining an archival system requires software development, metadata management, fault tolerance, and periodic migration of files to modern storage media, which is important to ensure the long-term preservation of digital information. The archival system consists of three interconnected components that provide accumulation, long-term storage, and access to the data. The information system is implemented based on free PostgreSQL. The access to the archived files is provided through a web interface that supports queries by device, date, coordinates, object name, program applicant, and observer. The archive size is about 3 TB and its database contains more than 4 million records. The archive system uses two servers with directly connected storage systems. The main server implements data access, and the test server is used for development and testing. This configuration provides both permanent access to the files and the ability to modernize the information system.
General Method for Carbon–Heteroatom Cross-Coupling Reactions via Semiheterogeneous Red-Light Metallaphotocatalysis
Authors: Song Geyang , Song Jiameng , Li Qi , Zhang Wei , Kang Tengfei , Dong Jianyang , Li Gang , Fan Juan , Gu Quan , Wang Chao , Xue Dong
Published: December 2024

Combining transition-metal catalysis with photocatalysis has emerged as a valuable, complementary approach for achieving carbon–heteroatom cross-coupling reactions. However, the need to use blue or high-energy near-UV light leads to problems with scalability, chemoselectivity, and catalyst deactivation, which have limited the synthetic applications of this combination. Herein, we report a method for red-light-driven nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides with 11 different types of nucleophiles using a polymeric carbon nitride (CN-OA-m) as a photocatalyst. This semihomogeneous catalyst system enabled the formation of four different types of carbon–heteroatom bonds (C–N, C–O, C–S, and C–Se) with a wide range of substrates (more than 200 examples) with yields up to 94%. Moreover, the photocatalysts could be recovered and recycled, which makes it a promising new tool for the development of other reactions involving red-light metallaphotoredox catalysis.
Potent Analogues of Clovibactin from Commercially Available Amino Acid Building Blocks
Authors: Brunicardi Jackson , Small Jeramiah , Padilla Maria Sophia Teresa Lee , Carrera Plancarte Jovanna , Nowick James
Published: December 2024

This paper reports highly active analogues of clovibactin in which the rare, non-canonical amino acid D-hydroxyasparagine is replaced with the commercially available amino acid D-threonine. Sequential mutation of leucines 2, 7, and 8 to the more hydrophobic homologue cyclohexylalanine dramatically increases the antibiotic activity of D-Thr5-clovibactin. The resulting analogues (D-Cha2,D-Thr5-clovibactin, Cha7,D-Thr5-clovibactin, and Cha8,D-Thr5-clovibactin) are readily prepared by standard peptide synthesis techniques and exhibit excellent activity (≤ 1 μg/mL) against the Gram-positive, drug-resistant pathogens MRSA and VRE.
Multi-substrate Screening for Asymmetric Catalysis Enabled by 19F NMR-based Simultaneous Chiral Analysis
Authors: Kim Donghun , Choi Gyeongseon , Kim Hyunwoo
Published: December 2024

Exploring a broad chemical space is essential for advancing asymmetric catalysis, but the intricate nature of chiral catalysts demands highly resource-intensive optimization processes. Multi-substrate screening offers a promising solution for high-throughput screening (HTS). However, analyzing complex mixtures remains challenging and typically relies on chromatography-based methods. This study introduces ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopy for simultaneous chiral analysis, enabling accurate determination of yield and enantiomeric excess in multi-substrate screening. Applied to the ruthenium-catalyzed asymmetric reductive amination of ammonia with twenty-one distinct ketones, this method enables precise simultaneous chiral analysis through NMR shift reagent-induced dynamic peak shifts and splitting in ¹⁹F NMR spectra. This approach enhances HTS by simplifying the analysis of complex mixtures, providing a powerful tool to accelerate the discovery of chiral catalysts and optimize asymmetric reactions.
Catalysis in Protein Bioconjugation
Authors: Ishizawa Seiya , Fujimura Koki , Oisaki Kounosuke , Sato Shinichi , Ohata Jun
Published: December 2024

Advancement of catalytic transformations in traditional synthetic organic chemistry have made significant impacts on development of novel bioconjugation technologies. While a wide range of applications have become possible through catalytic protein bioconjugation approaches, there has been a lack of literature collectively reviewing advances of chemical modification of proteins through the lens of catalysis. This review article is focused on design principles and chemical strategies of nonenzymatic catalysis for targeting natural protein substrates by identifying seven catalysis patterns as organizing topics: Electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, metal catalysis, acid catalysis, organocatalysis, supramolecular catalysis, and heterogeneous catalysis. Many literature examples demonstrated possibility of simple translation of small molecule-based catalysis into protein bioconjugation methodologies whereas others demonstrated unique approaches such as dual catalytic systems and polypeptide structure-specific catalysis design. With a series of successful examples, the survey of catalytic approaches for protein bioconjugation also highlighted the remaining challenges and potential future directions of the area of catalytic bioconjugation.
Microbial Assessment of Herbal Tea Production with Natural Ingredients
Authors: Deha C. I. , Fraikue F. B. , Twum N. , Abanga G.
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The study aimed to assess the microbial safety and quality of herbal tea production using natural ingredients. The objectives of the research were to: determine the sensory characteristics of herbal tea produced using lemongrass, cloves, “precise”, and negro pepper. To evaluate critical control points for microbial contamination.  
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study employed an experimental research design with staff from the Western Regional House of Chiefs as the population. A sample size of one hundred (100) respondents was selected for the study using purposive and convenience sampling methods. The sensory evaluation utilised a 7-point hedonic scale, whilst mineral content and proximate analysis were conducted. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to evaluate differences among the various tea samples.
Findings: Participants showed a strong preference for Lemongrass (201) and Basic tea (204) due to their delightful taste experience, which encompassed appealing attributes such as colour, aroma, texture, and aftertaste. The investigation revealed notable differences in the nutrient composition of the herbal tea samples. Cloves (202) stood out for its higher protein and fat contents, with the highest counts of both aerobic microorganisms and yeast and molds, while Lemongrass was found to have more fibre and carbohydrates.
Research Limitation: This research focused on the production of herbal tea using negro, pepper, “prekese”, cloves and lemongrass.
Practical Implication: Healthcare systems benefit from validated safety standards for herbal products, reducing the burden of foodborne illnesses and contamination-related health issues.
Social Implication: The research contributes to food security by ensuring the safety and reliability of traditional herbal beverages while maintaining their cultural significance.
Originality/Value: This research contributes to food safety science by bridging traditional herbal knowledge with modern microbiological assessment methods, potentially influencing industry standards and regulatory frameworks.
Deep Generative AI Based on Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models for Applications in Image Processing
Authors: Bezerra Emili Silva , Leher Quefren Oliveira , Alves Uendel Diego da Silva , Paixão Thuanne , Alvarez Ana Beatriz
Published: December 2024

Denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) have demonstrated significant potential in addressing complex image processing challenges. This paper explores the application of DDPMs in three different areas: reconstruction of remote sensing imagery affected by cloud cover, reconstruction of facial images with occluded areas, and segmentation of bodies of water from remote sensing imagery. Inpainting involves filling in missing regions in images, while DDPMs act as data generators capable of synthesizing information that alings coherently with the context of the original data. Inspired by the inpainting technique, the RePaint approach was adapted and applied to reconstruction tasks. The WaterSegDiff approach, which uses a diffusion model as a backbone, was employed for the segmentation task. To illustrate the model’s behavior and provide examples of the tasks, experiments were carried out with both qualitative and quantitative evaluations. The qualitative results show the model’s ability to generate data for reconstruction and segmentation. Quantitatively, metrics such as MSE, PSNR, SSIM, IoU, PA and F1 score highlight the model’s proficient performance in image processing tasks. In this scenario, DDPMs have proved to be a promising tool for high-quality data reconstruction, enabling the hallucination of image regions with high visual coherence and facilitating applications in various areas, such as environmental monitoring, facial recognition, water resource mapping, among others.
Penerapan strategi inovasi sebagai upaya menjaga keberlangsungan usaha (going concern) studi kasus PT APF
Authors: Setyoninsih Sulis , Wardoyo Paulus , Indarto Indarto
Published: December 2024

perlu dikembangkan atau dipertahankan oleh APF sebagai salah satu industri TPT di Indonesia sehingga usaha APF tetap bisa berlangsung untuk kurun waktu yang lama, dengan pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan triangulasi sumber dimana data yang didapat berdasarkan dari wawancara dengan beberapa informan kunci, observasi dan dari dokumen arsip, literatur, jurnal dan artikel. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa resiliensi organisasi, memiliki market share yang kuat, membangun kemitraan strategis, upaya downsizing, dukungan dari Stakeholder merupakan upaya-upaya yang sudah dilakukan APF untuk mengatasi ketidakpastian lingkungan bisnis yang berubah, sehingga usaha tetap bisa berlangsung. Penguasaan teknologi informasi, efisiensi biaya, eketifitas, value added dan SDM yang unggul sebagai Strategi Inovasi APF untuk menjaga keberlangsungan usaha (going concern).

This research is a study of the efforts that have been made and what strategies need to be developed or maintained by APF as one of the textile industries in Indonesia so that APF's business can continue for a long period of time with a qualitative approach using source triangulation where the data obtained is based on interviews. with several key informants, observations and from archival documents, literature, journals and articles. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The research results show that organizational resilience, having a strong market share, building strategic partnerships, downsizing efforts, support from stakeholders are efforts that have been made by APF to overcome the uncertainty of the changing business environment, so that the business can continue. Mastery of information technology, cost efficiency, effectiveness, value added and superior human resources as APF Innovation Strategy to maintain business continuity (going concern).
Analisis kinerja usaha UMKM kuliner di madura: financial behavior dan financial technology dengan mediasi financial literacy
Authors: Gitayuda M. Boy Singgih , Junaidi Rosita Pratiwi , Purnamawati Purnamawati
Published: December 2024

Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menguji Perilaku Keuangan dan Teknologi Finansial terhadap Kinerja Usaha UMKM Kuliner di Madura melalui Literasi Keuangan sebagai variabel intermediasi. Populasi dan sampel penelitian ini meliputi pelaku UMKM kuliner di Madura dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 88 responden, metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampling. Metode analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Smart-PLS versi 4.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara langsung Perilaku Keuangan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Kinerja Usaha, Perilaku Keuangan juga berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Literasi Keuangan, Teknologi Finansial tidak berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Usaha, Teknologi Finansial juga tidak berpengaruh terhadap Literasi Keuangan, dan Literasi Keuangan tidak berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Usaha. Secara tidak langsung Perilaku Keuangan tidak berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Usaha dengan Literasi Keuangan sebagai variabel mediasi, dan Teknologi Finansial tidak berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Usaha dengan Literasi Keuangan sebagai variabel mediasi. Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa Literasi Keuangan tidak dapat memediasi Perilaku Keuangan dan Teknologi Finansial terhadap Kinerja Usaha secara simultan.

The study was conducted with the aim of testing Financial Behavior and Financial Technology on the Performance of Culinary MSME Businesses in Madura through Financial Literacy as an intermediary variable. The population and sample of this study included culinary MSME actors in Madura using a quantitative descriptive approach. The research sample was 88 respondents, the sampling method used random sampling. The data analysis method was carried out using Smart-PLS version 4.0. The results of the study showed that directly Financial Behavior had a significant positive effect on Business Performance, Financial Behavior also had a significant positive effect on Financial Literacy, Financial Technology did not affect Business Performance, Financial Technology also did not affect Financial Literacy, and Financial Literacy did not affect Business Performance. Indirectly Financial Behavior did not affect Business Performance with Financial Literacy as a mediating variable, and Financial Technology did not affect Business Performance with Financial Literacy as a mediating variable. From the results of this study, it is known that Financial Literacy cannot mediate Financial Behavior and Financial Technology on Business Performance simultaneously.
External beam radiation therapy proves to be radical treatment for very high risk localized prostate cancer in active elderly patient
Authors: Yakovlev P. H. , Udatova T. V. , Rosha L. H.
Published: December 2024

We present the case report of radical treatment of localized very high risk prostate cancer (рТ2сN0M0 Gleason score 5+5=10, GG5/5, initial total PSA=5 ng/ml) in active elderly patient by IMRT radiotherapy on linear accelerator Novalis Tx with definitive treatment dose 66 Gy without concomitant hormonal therapy. Efficiency of radiotherapy was demonstrated by PSA nadir <0.003 ng/ml, complete pathological response and absence of vital malignant tissue on histological study. The pathology study of the eradiated prostate gland was performed two years after radiotherapy on the specimen obtained after radical cystprostatectomy due to recurrent high-grade muscle-invasive bladder cancer. This way we could confirm that IMRP radiotherapy with dose of 66 Gy is a radical treatment of very high risk localized prostate cancer.
Pathophysiology of the excretory system in case of general unintentional overheating of the body (scientific and literary review)
Authors: Kravets O.V. , Barannik S.I. , Yekhalov V.V. , Stus V.P. , Polion M.Yu.
Published: December 2024

Due to the global warming of the climate, unintentional general overheating of the body is a certain problem among the military, workers of "hot enterprises", agricultural workers, etc. With heat stress, acute kidney damage is caused in 25-35% of cases, and with heat stroke it exceeds 50% and requires renal replacement therapy and is accompanied by significant mortality. Chronic or repeated episodes of heat stress with dehydration ultimately lead to abnormal repair mechanisms, renal fibrosis, urolithiasis, vascular refinement, and glomerulosclerosis. The authors hope that the collected material will be useful for medical workers to help victims of accidental general overheating.
Fixing the Pakaru Pipeline: Some recommendations for Change
Authors: Naepi Sereana , McAllister Tara , Theodore Reremoana , Kokaua Jesse , Funaki-Cole Hine , Jack Kate
Published: December 2024

Māori and Pacific people remain under-represented in our research sector. There have been recent efforts to address this particular workforce issue including targeted research funds, and fellowships. However, these efforts do not currently take into account where Māori and Pacific people are. Instead, they reflect a desire for where the government want Māori and Pacific to be. While this targeting is useful for driving Māori and Pacific people into STEM, it does leave the majority of Māori and Pacific in precarious and unsustainable career pathways. This paper considers where we currently find Māori and Pacific doctorates, where Māori and Pacific people are graduating from and finally makes recommendations for a whole of system approach while continuing to support Māori and Pacific scholars in STEM.
Novel Immunotherapy Strategies for Brain Tumors
Authors: Khan Mubashir Ahmad , Mirzaeiebrahimabadi Reza , Abubakar Muhammad , Rehman Baqaur
Published: December 2024

Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor, responsible for a poor prognosis and treatment perspective. Despite advancements in investigating novel therapeutic approaches for brain tumor and glioblastoma, there is less progress in improving patients’ survival outcomes. Several hurdles hinder effective treatment, including the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), the blood-brain barrier, and extensive heterogeneity. Despite these challenges, immunotherapies are promising and effective therapeutic breakthroughs for the therapy of brain tumor types such as gliomas. Multiple new techniques are being explored including chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, oncolytic virus, cytokine-based treatment, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and vaccine-based techniques. Finally, the present review paper aims to summarize the existing developments of microglia, neutrophils, monocyte-derived macrophages, border-associated macrophages, and potential novel therapeutic options and recent advances in immunotherapies for brain tumors.
Application of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Therapy in Stroke Rehabilitation
Authors: Ge Ling
Published: December 2024

Stroke has a high incidence and disability rate, posing a heavy burden on patients, families, and society. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is a safe and effective rehabilitation treatment method that is increasingly being used in stroke rehabilitation therapy. This article reviews its current application status in treating various aspects such as limb swelling and spasms after stroke, explores its mechanism of action, clinical efficacy, and limitations, and provides a reference for clinical application.
Discussion on the Splitting Treatment Technique in Gamma Knife Treatment Plans
Authors: Yin Gang
Published: December 2024

Objective: In clinical Gamma Knife treatment, when patients have multiple or large lesions, a single Gamma Knife plan may require extended treatment time, making it difficult for patients to complete the session. This study explores the proper application of the splitting treatment technique in Gamma Knife treatment plans to create segmented plans for patients. Methods: Utilizing the design and output functions of the radiotherapy planning system, this study examines the typical errors in clinical treatment plans designed for the Moonlight Gamma Knife. Different splitting approaches were analyzed by comparing beam-on time for each target and calculating beam-on time error rates. Based on this, the appropriate splitting treatment technique for Gamma Knife treatment plans was discussed. Results: Scenarios where dose curves of multiple lesions intersect were categorized into three types: complete intersection, partial intersection, and no intersection. Complete intersection cases were further divided into Type I and Type II complete intersections. For cases with completely intersecting dose curves, the Gamma Knife plans should be split using the upper-lower segmentation method. For cases with no intersection, plans can be split based on individual lesions. For partial intersection cases, either the upper-lower segmentation or lesion-based segmentation method may be used. However, careful handling of target weighting at the dose curve intersection is necessary to ensure dose accuracy. For large lesions, the upper-lower segmentation method is recommended. Conclusion: To meet clinical treatment requirements, the proper application of the splitting treatment technique in Gamma Knife treatment plans is essential. This ensures dose accuracy in radiotherapy, thereby guaranteeing treatment efficacy and patient safety.
Observation on the Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients with New-type Drug Abuse
Authors: Wu Luyu , Zhang Pengfei
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life in patients with new-type drug abuse. Methods: Sixty patients with new-type drug abuse admitted to the hospital from April 2023 to March 2024 were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group. The control group received conventional treatment, while the observation group received additional cognitive behavioral therapy. The scores of the self-rating symptom scale (SCL-90), self-rated health measurement scale (SRHMS), short-form 36 health survey (SF-36), and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: After treatment, compared with the control group, the observation group showed significant improvements in SCL-90 scores, SRHMS scores in all dimensions, and SF-36 scores (P < 0.001). The satisfaction score of the observation group was also significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: For patients with new-type drug abuse, cognitive behavioral therapy can significantly improve psychiatric symptoms, relieve anxiety and depression, reduce hallucinations and delusions, and enhance quality of life, leading to positive changes in physical, psychological, and social functions.
Risk Analysis and Prevention and Control of Electric Power Enterprise Operation Management
Authors: Chen Siyi
Published: December 2024

This article examines the analysis, prevention, and control of risks in electric power enterprise operation management. It provides an in-depth exploration of risk factors, including market, policy, societal, personnel, technological, business, and other influences. Recognizing the potential threats these risks pose to the operation of electric power enterprises, the study conducts a preliminary investigation from four perspectives: major risks, large risks, general risks, and other risks.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CURING DEPTH OF A LIGHT-CURED COMPOSITE MATERIAL PRODUCED IN RUSSIA (LABORATORY STUDY)
Authors: A.V. Permyakova , L.L. Lyamets , D.A. Glebova , A.I. Nikolaev
Published: December 2024

A comparative study of the polymerization depth of the light-curing composite material of Russian production, depending on the type and power of the photopolymerization lamp, was carried out in laboratory conditions. Light-curing composite materials " Restavrin" / "Relight" (SM DMT, Russia) and "Charisma Classic" (Kulzer, Germany) were used, shades of A2 and OA2 materials were used. Activating lamps EMS LED (3000 MW/cm2), Woodpecker LED (1000-1200 MW/cm2), Valo Cordless (3200 MW/cm2) were used as photopolymerization devices. When using the EMS LED photopolymerization lamp, there were no statistically significant differences in the depth of polymerization between the materials Restavrin / Relight and Charisma Classic for both A2 shade (p=0.73) and OA2 shade, which indicates a comparable curing efficiency of both materials. The Woodpecker LED photopolymerization lamp demonstrated statistically significant differences (p=0.007) when curing the A2 shade, providing deeper polymerization of the Charisma Classic material compared to Restavrin / Relight. At the same time, no significant differences between the materials were found for the OA2 shade. When using the Valo Cordless photopolymerization lamp, statistically significant differences in the depth of A2 shade photopolymerization were revealed, with more effective curing of the Charisma Classic material. There are no significant differences between the studied materials for the OA2 shade.
When working with Restavrin / Relight A2 shade material, EMS LED, Woodpecker LED and Valo Cordless lamps show comparable results without statistically significant differences. Statistically significant differences between EMS and Valo Cordless lamps (p=0.03) were revealed for the OA2 shade of the Restavrin / Relight material, which indicates different polymerization efficiency. When working with Charisma Classic material of both shades (A2 and OA2), all the studied photopolymerization lamps showed comparable efficiency without statistically significant differences (p>0.05). The choice of a photopolymerization lamp can significantly affect the depth of curing of composite materials, while the effectiveness of polymerization depends on both the type of material used and its shade.
Кадровий потенціал науки України у світових трендах
Authors: Belov Aleksandr , Svystun Lyudmyla
Published: December 2024

Дане дослідження зосереджено на аналізі динаміки наукових кадрів в Україні та світі. В останні десятиліття провідні країни реалізували стратегії, спрямовані на сприяння інноваціям і посилення свого науково-технічного потенціалу. Високотехнологічні галузі, які підтримуються інноваціями, стали вирішальним фактором стабільного економічного зростання та, як очікується, визначатимуть конкурентоспроможність національних економік у майбутньому. Розвиток цих галузей значною мірою залежить від потужної науково-технічної основи, де людський капітал відіграє ключову роль. Ця стаття має на меті проаналізувати тенденції щодо кількості дослідників, які займаються дослідженнями та розробками (НДР) в усьому світі в цілому та зосередитись на ТОП-50 країнах та Україні. У дослідженні використовується новий метод «аналізу швидкості та прискорення», розроблений авторами, який дозволяє детально зрозуміти якісні зміни кількості дослідників з часом. Результати показують, що в усьому світі спостерігається значне зростання науковців, особливо у високотехнологічних галузях. Однак цього зростання залишається недостатнім для повного задоволення глобального попиту на технологічний прогрес. Кількість науковців в Україні неухильно зменшується, так що країна поступається навіть деяким африканським країнам, таким як Єгипет і Туніс. Дослідження також представляє детальне групування країн на основі динаміки кількості науковців, показуючи, що багато країн відчувають коливання в короткостроковій перспективі, причому спостерігаються як фази прискорення, так і уповільнення. У довгостроковому вимірі ситуація в Україні досягла критичного рівня, коли кількість науковців прискорено зменшувалась протягом останнього десятиліття. Висновки акцентують нагальну потребу в політичному втручанні для зміни негативної тенденції в українській науково-технічній сфері, і підкреслюють важливість розвитку людського капіталу як центрального компонента національного науково-технічного потенціалу.
ВПЛИВ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ НА РИНОК ПРАЦІ
Authors: Kostyk Yevhenii , Tsymbal Kostiantyn
Published: December 2024

Розвиток штучного інтелекту значно впливає на сучасний ринок праці, трансформуючи як окремі галузі, так і економіку в цілому. Стаття присвячена аналізу впливу штучного інтелекту на ринок праці України, враховуючи глобальні тенденції та локальні особливості. Для аналізу залучені дані з міжнародних джерел, включаючи звіти Statista та Міжнародного валютного фонду. Аналіз показує, що ринок штучного інтелекту стрімко зростає, що стимулюється впровадженням технологій у різні сектори. В Україні штучний інтелект створює нові можливості, але й приносить виклики, такі як заміна робочих місць та потреба у нових навичках. У висновках зазначено що штучний інтелект має значний потенціал для підвищення продуктивності та створення нових робочих місць у високотехнологічних секторах, проте також несе ризики скорочення зайнятості у традиційних галузях. Для максимального використання можливостей штучного інтелекту необхідні комплексні стратегії, спрямовані на підготовку працівників, розвиток нових навичок та створення етичних стандартів використання штучного інтелекту. Такий підхід сприятиме збалансованому та сталому розвитку ринку праці України в умовах цифрової трансформації.
Модель інноваційного розвитку будівельного підприємства
Authors: Ptashchenko Liana
Published: December 2024

Метою статті є дослідження теоретичних та прикладних аспектів інноваційної діяльності та формування інноваційної моделі розвитку будівельного підприємства. Доводиться думка про необхідність формувати стійке становище на відповідному товарному ринку, що передбачає гнучкість та інноваційність у бізнесових рішеннях. Це спричинене складним періодом ведення бізнесу на інноваційній основі в умовах викликів та загроз, спричинених повномасштабною війною в Україні. Результати досліджень багатьох науковців та фахівців щодо сутності інновацій дозволили запропонувати авторське бачення категорії «інновації» як остаточний результат інноваційної діяльності, що виступає у вигляді удосконаленого організаційно-управлінського, технологічного та маркетингового процесу з метою досягнення економічного, соціального та екологічного ефекту. Побудовано Модель інноваційного розвитку будівельного підприємства, спрямовану на зміцнення конкурентоспроможності. Модель розрахована не лише на підприємства будівельної галузі, а й адаптована до інших підприємств реального сектора економіки, та передбачає експертизу пріоритетних напрямів інноваційної діяльності, оцінювання інноваційного потенціалу підприємства, наявність методологічного інструментарію, формування інформаційного середовища та інформаційного забезпечення для прийняття позитивного рішення.
Is Health Care an Example of Inclusiveness or a Space of General Exclusion?
Authors:   Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kołodziej Kosma
Published: December 2024

According to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, every citizen has the right to health care. Unfortunately, some disadvantaged or minority groups have difficulties accessing a general practitioner, psychologist or other specialists in broader medical care. The article reviews scientific research on the issues outlined in the title using the following groups as examples: persons with a substance abuse disorder, the elderly, people with HIV or AIDS, immigrants, refugees and people from the LGBT community. For years, the World Health Organization has stressed that improving the health of members of socially excluded groups can improve the health of the entire population. However, there is still no program in Poland focusing on combating inequalities in the healthcare system. The article presents research results from other countries. Unfortunately, in Poland, there is still a lack of studies on minority groups, their access to the health care system, and the attitudes towards those groups of medical personnel.
METHODS FOR TESTING THE SECURITY OF WEB APPLICATIONS
Authors: Tolkachova Anastasiia , Piskozub Andriian
Published: December 2024

Penetration testing is a key method of dynamic security assessment of computer networks, infrastructure, web and mobile applications aimed at identifying and exploiting vulnerabilities by simulating possible attacks by intruders. Traditionally, this process is carried out manually, requiring highly skilled cybersecurity professionals and considerable time to prepare, execute attacks, analyse the results and generate reports. However, with the growing complexity and number of cyber threats, there is a need for automated tools that can speed up the testing process while increasing its efficiency and accuracy. This article provides an overview of modern penetration testing tools, in particular those that use artificial intelligence (AI) methods to improve vulnerability detection and optimise pentesters’ performance. A number of popular commercial solutions are analysed, including RidgeBot, vPenTest, Metasploit Pro, BreachLock PTaaS, Edgescan, Burp Suite Professional, AppCheck, NetSPI, Astra, and Pentest-Tools.com. For each tool, we consider its main capabilities, the platforms it tests on, the main types of vulnerabilities it can detect (such as SQL injection, XSS, CSRF, RCE, etc.), as well as specific technical details of implementation. The article also examines the pricing policy for commercial platforms, which allows assessing the feasibility of their use depending on the needs and specifics of the enterprise. The article emphasises the importance of developing national solutions for penetration testing, in particular in Ukraine, where a tool of this level can play an important role in ensuring information security and reducing the risk of data leakage. The creation of Ukrainian solutions will also help to keep money in the country, supporting the national economy and creating new jobs for specialists. Given the increased level of cyber threats, the development of such tools is an urgent task to strengthen cybersecurity in both the private sector and public institutions.
RESEARCH OF PROBLEMS OF ENSURING THE SECURITY OF PERSONAL DATA AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION IN THE CONTEXT OF COUNTER-OSINT
Authors: Ivkova Valeriia , Opirskyy Ivan
Published: December 2024

In today’s world, the issue of personal data protection is becoming particularly relevant as technological advancements and the widespread use of open information sources create new security challenges. This article examines the legislative aspects of data regulation in various jurisdictions, particularly in Ukraine and the EU, as well as practical threats such as social engineering, phishing, and doxing. Based on an analysis of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Ukrainian Law “On the Protection of Personal Data”, the authors highlight significant discrepancies in the legislation regulating data confidentiality. Special attention is given to current threats to personal data in the context of information security, such as attacks carried out through social engineering. The article investigates the activities of hacker groups that use personal data to create fake profiles in messaging platforms to obtain sensitive data or gain access to accounts. Examples of OSINT technologies used by attackers to gather data from open sources are discussed, along with their application in doxing, where personal data is published without individual consent, posing potential security risks. The article also addresses the growing risks of phishing attacks targeting email and browser users, including new tactics like multi-stage phishing, which complicates the detection and blocking of such attacks. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of media literacy and cyber hygiene in reducing privacy risks and increasing awareness of safe practices for working with information technologies. The article concludes by underscoring the need for a systematic approach to data privacy protection, including legal regulation, the adoption of modern information protection technologies, and an increase in media literacy among the population. Proposed measures include the implementation of European data protection standards, which could provide a reliable foundation for strengthening personal data protection in Ukraine.
INTEGRATED APPROACH TO DETECTING BLUETOOTH THREATS USING WIRESHARK AND SPLUNK SIEM
Authors: Partyka Olha , Fihol Bohdan , Nakonechnyi Taras
Published: December 2024

In the modern world, the Bluetooth protocol is one of the most widespread wireless communication technologies used to transfer data between various devices, ensuring their mobility and functionality. Despite its numerous advantages, the Bluetooth protocol remains vulnerable to cyber threats such as DoS attacks, spoofing, and malicious file transfer. These threats pose risks to data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. They can also lead to device failures and hazards in critical systems such as medical equipment or IoT infrastructure. This article focuses on an integrated approach to Bluetooth security monitoring that combines the capabilities of Wireshark and Splunk SIEM. The attacker’s platform is based on the Kali Linux operating system, known for its comprehensive capabilities for implementing penetration tests and attack simulations, while the victim’s platform was running Windows 11, a modern operating system widely used in various environments. The main types of attacks analyzed are DoS attacks that cause denial of service due to system overload, spoofing attacks, which allow attackers to disguise their devices as legitimate, and transferring malicious files, which can lead to malicious code. For each type of attack, the corresponding Splunk SIEM correlation rules were developed and configured, which made it possible to automate the process of identifying suspicious activities. Wireshark was used for deep analysis of Bluetooth traffic, and Splunk provided prompt notification of anomalies, allowing a quick response to potential threats. The results of the experiment confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach. For example, in the case of DoS attacks, a significant excess of L2CAP protocol packets was detected, making it possible to identify the source of the threat promptly. For spoofing attacks, rules for identifying unusual MAC addresses were used, and for the transfer of malicious files, data was filtered by specific criteria, such as file type or sender.
Malatya İlinde ICONA Yöntemi ile CBS ve Uzaktan Algılama Tabanlı Erozyon Risk Analizi
Authors: Bilgiç Sevgi , Er Selman
Published: December 2024

Erozyon, toprağın su, rüzgâr ve insan faaliyetleriyle aşınması sürecidir ve tarım arazilerinin verimliliğini azaltarak çevresel ve ekonomik sorunlara yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Malatya ilinin erozyon riskini belirlemek için ICONA yöntemi kullanılmıştır. ICONA, arazinin eğimi, litolojisi, arazi kullanımı ve vejetasyon yoğunluğu gibi parametreleri dikkate alarak risk haritaları oluşturmada etkin bir yöntemdir. Çalışma kapsamında Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ve Uzaktan Algılama (UA) teknikleri kullanılarak, Malatya'nın %20,17’sinin düşük, %64,99’unun orta ve %14,19’unun çok yüksek erozyon riski taşıdığı belirlenmiştir. Özellikle şehrin kuzeyindeki eğimli ve bitki örtüsünden yoksun alanlar, yüksek risk altındadır. Bulgular, toprak koruma ve sürdürülebilir arazi yönetimi için rehber niteliğindedir. Bu çalışma, bölgesel erozyon riskinin anlaşılmasına katkı sağlamakta ve benzer bölgelerde uygulanabilir bir yöntem sunmaktadır. Doğal kaynakların korunması için alınacak önlemler bilimsel temellere dayandırılmalıdır.
Premix P 90-2 effects to the enzyme expression of amino acid transport, pentose phosphate pathway, cytogenetic parameters in rabbits of the Rodnik cross
Authors: Leonov Artem Viktorovich , Glazko Tatiana Teodorovna , Skobel Olga Igorevna , Shumilina Anna Rudolfovna , Glazko Valery Ivanovich , Kosovsky Gleb Yurievich
Published: December 2024

We examined the effect of the vitamin-mineral premix P 90-2 on the live weight of rabbits of the Rodnik cross, genomic instability (based on the micronucleus test results), the expression of the amino acid transporter (SLC15A1), and the key enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway G6PD during the fattening period at 45, 60, 77, and 90 days old. We found no differences in live weight between the groups of rabbits with or without premix in the diet. The frequency of erythrocytes with micronuclei tended to increase, and the expression of genes G6PD and SLC15A1 decreased in rabbits of the Rodnik cross receiving premix at 90 days old. Increased values of the coefficients of variation for the studied characteristics were observed in rabbits of the Rodnik cross that received premix. There is no significant correlation between the expression of SLC15A1 and G6PD and live weight in rabbits. These findings will support the development of scientifically based approaches for improving the composition of complete granulated mixed fodder.
Experience in growing selected forms of clonal apple tree rootstocks in conditions of the Southern Urals
Authors: Savin Evgeny Zakharovich , Novikov Valery Aleksandrovich , Mushinskiy Alexander Alekseevich , Berezina Tatyana Vladimirovna , Saudabaeva Aliya Zhonysovna
Published: December 2024

In the conditions of the Southern Urals, sowing of seeds of clonal apple rootstocks obtained from open pollination of cultivated varieties growing in the garden of the variety-rootstock trial was carried out. Over the years of selection work on the creation of clonal apple rootstocks for the Volga-Ural region with its sharp continental climatic conditions, it was possible to obtain forms with increased drought resistance and frost resistance of the root system, unpretentious to soil differences, already at the first stage. Compared with the control, the selected forms stand out by increased productivity (by 1.5–2.0 times) in the garden and a high coefficient of rootstock reproduction (Ural 1, Ural 5, Volga 3, Volga 12). Among all the available forms, second-generation rootstocks have been obtained at the present time (OB series and a number of other forms not included in the Register of Breeding Achievements, requiring testing in the garden).
Efficiency of fungicides in the fight against winter rye diseases
Authors: Silaev Alexey Ivanovich , Kungurtseva Olga Vladimirovna , Polyakov Sergey Sergeevich
Published: December 2024

A sharp decrease in the area under winter rye is primarily due to the deterioration of the phytosanitary situation in the agrocenosis. Therefore, the use of seed dressings and fungicides to combat dangerous diseases of the crop is a mandatory technique aimed at limiting their harmfulness. The studies were conducted on the zoned variety Saratovskaya 6. The field experiment included seed dressings Oplot, VSK, Lamador, KS, Sistiva, KS and Tir, TPS, which were used to disinfect winter rye seeds from saprophytic and pathogenic mycoflora, stem smut, root rot of various etiologies. Fungicides Alto Super, KE, ProTeb, KME, Folicur, KE and Titul Duo, KKR were used to treat vegetative plants against powdery mildew, brown rust and septoria. The biological efficiency of the studied preparations application on winter rye crops is demonstrated. Seed treatment reduced the contamination with pathogenic and saprophytic mycoflora by 70.9–78.4 and 72.5–74.1%, respectively. The intensity of root rot development decreased by 61.7–74.5% in autumn and by 47.6–36.6% in spring. The efficiency of fungicides against stem smut varied from 100 to 92.0%. The studies showed that the implementation of a set of protective measures contributed to obtaining additional products from 9.5 to 7.6 to %.
The chemical composition of the muscle and adipose tissues of the Simmental bull calves depending on the cultivation technology
Authors: Shevkhuzhev Anatoly Foadovich , Pogodaev Vladimir Anikeevich , Turyanskaya Maria Ivanovna
Published: December 2024

The aim of the researchwas to establish the influence of the technology of growingSimmental bull calveson the chemicalcomposition of muscleandadiposetissues.Experimentalstudies were conductedin the SECof the Zarya-1 industrial complex of the Karachay-CherkessRepublicin2022-2023. Bulls of the Icontrolgroup(15heads) were kept for the entireperiod of cultivation on thefarm.Bulls of the IIexperimentalgroup(15heads) were raised on thefarmuntil the age of 10months,andfrom the 11thto the 15thmonthonmountainpastures,followed by fattening on thefarm.In the diets of young animals of groupI, 2timesmoreconcentratedfeed was consumedthaningroupII.Themuscletissue of steersraisedusingfeedingonmountainpasturescontainedmoremoistureandlessdrymatterat14and18months of ageby1.10and0.84abs.%. The amount of fatin the averagemeatsample of the carcass of steerswasrelativelylow,indicatingcontinuedintensivegrowth of young animals of bothgroups.Animals of groupIIsurpassed their peers of groupI in terms of thecontent of drymatterin the longestbackmuscleby0.50and0.24%, respectively,protein–by0.83and0.84%and were inferiorin terms offatby0.30and0.62%. There were no differencesin the chemicalcomposition of renalfat in animals of the experimentalgroups. The amount of subcutaneousandintermuscularfat in groupIcalveswas56.94%,groupII–51.34%.