bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
World Heritage in Macau and its Blocked view problems
Authors: Cai Peilin
Published: January 2025

This paper discusses the problems affecting blocked views of Macao cultural heritage sites. The study found that Macau's heritage structures are increasingly facing challenges related to blocked views, which threaten their historical and aesthetic integrity. Through case studies like the blocked view of Guia Lighthouse in Nov. 2018, its incident was found that the Macao Historical Centre had been repeatedly warned by UNESCO about these blocked view problems. At the same time, the Macao government urgently needs effective management strategies to protect the heritage and historical value of Macao's cultural landmarks in visual side. This study contributes to the broader discussion on cultural heritage conservation and provides actionable insights for policy makers and conservationists aiming to mitigate blocked view problems in cultural heritage conservation.
Developing an AI-Driven Mobile Application for Early Autism Diagnosis and Classification
Authors: Al Hamieli Manara , Habbal Fawaz
Published: January 2025

This dissertation looks at the important issue of delaying diagnosis and treatment in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by creating a mobile app that uses AI to help with early diagnosis and classification of the disorder. It collects and reviews large datasets that include behavioral evaluations, developmental milestones, and known diagnostic standards, training an AI model able to make correct predictions about ASD. The main results show that the app not only speeds up diagnosis but also improves classification accuracy compared to standard diagnostic methods. These findings highlight the importance of using advanced technology in healthcare, especially for ASD, where early intervention is key to positive developmental results. Additionally, this study points out how AI tools can help fill gaps in healthcare delivery, especially in areas with fewer resources and access to specialized care. The implications go beyond just autism diagnosis, indicating a significant potential for AI use in different healthcare fields, aiming to enhance diagnostic processes and customize treatment plans, thus ultimately boosting patient outcomes and supporting public health efforts.
Implications of Resources and support centers to enhance autism disorder treatment
Authors: Ashwod Darren L.
Published: January 2025

This dissertation looks into how resources and support centers affect treatment results for people with autism disorder, emphasizing which resources help improve therapy. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research gathered both qualitative and quantitative data about how accessible and useful different resources are, along with treatment outcomes for various groups. The main findings show that having access to specialized support centers is strongly linked to better treatment results, especially when included in overall care plans. Furthermore, resources like family support programs and educational workshops were found to be key elements that increase therapy effectiveness. These results highlight the importance for healthcare systems to focus on providing and improving autism treatment resources to enhance patient care. By presenting solid evidence of the positive roles that specific support systems play, this research adds to the ongoing conversation about autism treatment success and resource use. It suggests that investing in support centers can lead to significant improvements in health outcomes for those with autism. In the end, this study calls for a change in how we treat autism, encouraging a model that supports cooperation among healthcare providers, families, and community resources to build a more unified and supportive environment for individuals impacted by autism disorder.
AI Car with Real Time Detection of Damaged Road and Lane Detection
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Joginpally B.R EngineeringCollege), Sonali k.
Published: January 2025

The primary goal of this project is to develop a robust and efficient road damage detection and warning system using deep learning techniques. The system aims to provide real-time or near-real-time warnings to enhance traffic safety and reduce the risk of accidents. By eliminating the need for cloud-based processing and leveraging deep learning models, the project seeks to overcome the limitations of current systems, such as latency and the requirement for large labeled datasets. Additionally, the system aims to continuously map road conditions and provide valuable data to city planners and road maintenance authorities, facilitating proactive maintenance and repair scheduling. Ultimately, this project aims to improve road infrastructure quality and ensure safer travel for all road users. This study proposes a deep learning approach for road damage detection and warning, aimed at overcoming these limitations. By eliminating the dependence on cloud-based processing, our system can deliver real-time or near-real-time warnings, facilitating timely interventions to mitigate risks. Deep learning models have proven to be highly effective in image and video analysis tasks, making them well-suited for detecting road damage.Our vision-based lane detection approach is capable of operating in real-time with robustness to varying road conditions, lighting changes, and shadows. This enhances the safety and performance of autonomous driving systems. Additionally, the continuous mapping of road conditions generates valuable data for city planners and road maintenance authorities. Integration with cloud-based infrastructure enables the reporting of damage locations, allowing for proactive road maintenance and repair scheduling. By reducing the likelihood of accidents and improving the quality of road infrastructure, this AI-powered system significantly contributes to road safety and maintenance efficiency.
Data Analysis
Authors: Wankhade -Priyanka
Published: January 2025

Data analysis has become the cornerstone of advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Data Science. The ability to extract meaningful insights from large, complex datasets is crucial for both scientific discovery and practical applications across industries. This review paper discusses key aspects of data analysis within the AI and Data Science domains, covering the foundational principles, methodologies, tools, and emerging trends. It also explores the challenges and future directions for research and development in data analysis
Intelligent Web Search Automation
Authors:   Research Scholar  SOCSE&IS, CIT Department Presidency University Bangalore, India, K K Devaiah
Published: January 2025

The Intelligent Web Search Automation project harnesses ultramodern technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), Large Language Models (LLMs), and agentic AI systems, to redefine and streamline web search processes. By utilizing frameworks like LangChain—a comprehensive toolkit for constructing and managing LLM-powered applications—and integrating custom search engines with Google APIs, this project delivers a robust solution for automated search and data extraction. LangChain’s capabilities, including OpenAI embeddings, document loaders like Cheerio Web Loader, memory vector stores, and advanced chain management, form the core of the architecture. These tools enable seamless splitting, embedding, and retrieval of large-scale data with context-aware memory storage. Agentic AI, leveraging frameworks such as ReAct for synergizing reasoning and action, further enhances automation by enabling dynamic decision-making and adaptive task execution. The system employs retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to improve knowledge-intensive searches, integrating external data sources into the language model responses for highly relevant, structured outputs. Embedding-based search powered by Deep Lake vector stores ensures efficient handling of multimodal data, including text, images, and audio. The scalable and serverless cloud infrastructure guarantees high availability and performance, supporting both small-scale and enterprise-grade deployments. This project emphasizes automation of repetitive search tasks, reducing manual effort and enhancing efficiency. Real-time data integration and analytics empower proactive decision-making, while a user-friendly, mobile-optimized interface with multilingual support broadens accessibility. By aligning with sustainable practices and global goals, Intelligent Web Search Automation advances technological inclusivity and transforms conventional web search paradigms, making AI- driven search accessible and impactful across diverse applications.

Keywords— Artificial Intelligence, Language Models, Deep Learning, NLP, Transformers, Attention Mechanism, Retrieval- Augmented Generation, Generative Agents, Text Classification.
Blockchain-Powered Vehicle Authentication and Tracking
Authors:   n Computer Science and Engineering & Presidency University, Bengaluru, Alam1 Mohammed Ansar
Published: January 2025

- The blockchain-based vehicle authentication and tracking system utilizes networks like Ganache, which is based on the Ethereum network, to revolutionize the management of vehicle data using a secure, decentralized approach. It ensures transparency and access to vital information, including service records, through an immutable ledger, making it possible for stakeholders to make informed decisions. The system's key features include real-time service updates directly from authorized service centers, robust anti-fraud mechanisms to prevent data tampering, and a user-friendly interface developed with Angular for intuitive access to essential functionalities.

Smart contracts play a pivotal role by automating key operations, such as service record validations and process workflows, eliminating the need for intermediaries and reducing human error. Integration of decentralized storage, such as with IPFS, ensures highly available data, high security, and immunity to loss of data. In this innovative new system, besides trust and integrity towards the users, operational efficiency increases and new standards of transparency and security in the automotive industry are set. Its scalable design will mean that it can adapt to future development and widespread uptake by the industry.

Key Words: Blockchain Technology , Ethereum Network, Smart Contracts , Decentralized Storage (IPFS) , Angular Framework , Data Integrity
Setting the Limits of the Member States’ Institutional Autonomy in the Case of Romania, Hungary, and Poland
Authors: Korom Ágoston
Published: January 2025

Until recent years, the measures taken for EU law implementation in domestic legal systems did not address the institutional issues of national courts, namely the institutional autonomy of Member States in the context of domestic judicial systems. The application of EU law in domestic law is based on two principles: institutional and procedural autonomy. In the interpretation of procedural autonomy, EU law is to be enforced by applying national procedural rules, subject to the limits of effectiveness and the principles of equal treatment. The principle of equal treatment requires that the procedural rule of a Member State for the enforcement of EU law should not be less favourable than the procedural rule of a Member State for the enforcement of claims arising under national law in a comparable situation. The principle of effectiveness requires that national procedural rules should not make it impossible or excessively difficult to enforce rights deriving from EU law. The institutional autonomy meant that the enforcement of EU law took place within the framework of the Member States’ institutions: they were not bound by EU law, except in very specific areas or criteria. Before the change under our examination occurred, the Court of Justice of the European Union defined specific criteria for the establishment of national courts, but these were not aimed at ensuring the independence of domestic courts. Instead, they were limited to the cases in which the CJEU found questions referred for the preliminary ruling admissible; these criteria guaranteed, inter alia, that the given court is established by law, operates permanently, applies the law, and renders binding decisions. In recent decades, a change occurred in the case law of the CJEU, and while issues regarding the judicial system remain under the Member States’ competence, EU law defines several criteria in that regard. In this paper, we will examine the decisions taken in the three Member States under review, Hungary, Romania and Poland, but we will also look at the background: the limitation of institutional autonomy by the practice of the CJEU was not ‘without precedent’, i.e. this case law started to be applied in other Member States already in the first half of the 2010s. Following an examination of the decisions concerning the three Member States, an attempt is made to compare the EU criteria set out in those decisions in relation to the national courts with each other and with the decisions examined in the precedents. An analysis will also be made of whether the EU requirements for courts can be systematised on the basis of the current decisions.
Three Case Studies on Migration-Related Detention
Authors: Maučec Gregor
Published: January 2025

The European Union (EU) has recently adopted a series of legal and policy instruments and actions to strengthen protections from various forms of arbitrary asylum- and return-related detention. Further measures are planned, including those with potentially binding legal effects for EU Member States. Such laws and measures—intended to protect asylum seekers and other migrants from arbitrary deprivation of their liberty—involve rather abstract and ambiguous concepts that leave broad margins for legal interpretation and, consequently, a high degree of flexibility and discretionary powers to EU Member States. Therefore, the actual meaning and impact of these provisions is difficult to grasp. This research critically examines the latest jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU or Court) on the (alleged) incidents and practices of arbitrary detention of migrants in EU Member States. It analyses how the supreme judicial authority of the EU construes the concept of ‘arbitrariness’ of deprivation of liberty of person and related notions, such as ‘necessity’ and ‘proportionality’, within the context of EU migration governance and the functioning Common European Asylum System. This analysis can give a preview of where the EU legislator and Court may be heading in terms of their quest for a more humane, dignified, and fair treatment in restricting migrants’ liberty. It also yields some valuable insights into the ways in and extent to which the interpretations and decisions of the CJEU uphold the prohibition of arbitrary deprivation of liberty of migrants and uniform international human rights norms—including those enshrined in the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights—that EU Member States are bound by when depriving migrants of their personal liberty.
Constitutional Courts and the Court of Justice, Constitutional Law and EU Law – Two Arranged Marriages and the Legal Problems Arising From Them
Authors: Sehnálek David
Published: January 2025

This article addresses the question of relationship of constitutional courts to the Court of Justice in national case law; the hierarchy of these national courts to the Court of Justice of the European Union (EU); the hierarchy of national law (constitution) and EU law and the constitutional identity as a limit of the principle of supremacy. The innovative contribution of the present article is that it distinguishes between the effects of the principle of supremacy of EU law on national courts and on national legislators. It thus provides clear and precise guidance to national judges on how to proceed in contentious cases of conflict between national and EU law. This question is not satisfactorily answered in the case law of the Court of Justice. It is also avoided in articles and most textbooks dealing with the supremacy principle. This article also addresses the possibility of a comprehensive solution to the conflict between EU and national law in extreme, but politically extremely important and sensitive, divergences between the decisions of national constitutional courts and the Court of Justice. Contrary to conventional notions, which cognise such a divergence as a serious problem and tend to deny constitutional courts the possibility of making their own independent conclusions, the author of the present article sees this as a natural consequence of the position that these courts occupy in the legal systems of the Member States. In the last part of the article, the author presents several options that constitutional courts have and can use to deal with decisions based on EU law, ranging from full acceptance of this law to its complete rejection on the grounds that EU law does not fall within the frame of reference protected by constitutional law.
Legal Implications of EU Economic Governance for Public Finance in a Member State
Authors: Bohinc Rado
Published: January 2025

This research analyses the legal implications of the EU economic governance framework reforms for the public finance system of a Member State (MS).
In the article, we first present theoretical insights regarding the European model of economic governance. We discuss the questions of the economic sovereignty of MSs, the balance of economic and social goals, the democratic nature of procedures in relations between EU authorities and MSs, the application of EU law versus intergovernmental cooperation, legal sanctions for MSs, and violations of the EU fiscal rules, etc.
This article discusses the 10-year development and tightening of the legal framework of European economic governance with an analysis of the legal bases for the obligations of MSs in the European Semester (ES) process and the legal sanctions they suffer in the event of a violation of European rules. The timeline of the ES, in particular, is presented both by deadlines (months) and by documents that must be submitted for assessment by the MSs or those that they receive from EU authorities and bodies.
An analysis follows on the effect of the presented EU regulations on the development of an MS’s legal order in the field of public finance - in this case Slovenia’s. This analysis specifically focuses on the constitutional and legal framework of fiscal rules and the annual budget preparation and execution laws. The analysis shows the all-round conformity, even subordination, of the Member States’ constitutional order and legislation on public finances to the European economic governance through the agreed process of the European Semester.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STUNTING DI KOTA LANGSA MENGGUNAKAN METODE REGRESI LINEAR BERGANDA
Authors: Kurniawan Agus , Saumi Fazrina
Published: January 2025

Stunting adalah istilah yang merujuk pada keterbelakangan pertumbuhan anak dalam hal panjang atau tinggi badan menurut usia, dari masa kandungan hingga dua tahun pertama setelah kelahiran, yang tidak mencapai potensi genetik yang seharusnya. Di Kota Langsa, upaya untuk menurunkan angka kejadian stunting telah memberikan hasil, dengan penurunan mencapai 22,1% pada tahun 2022. Namun, pemerintah kota masih berkomitmen untuk menekan angka stunting lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya penyakit stunting di Kota Langsa menggunakan metode Regresi Linear Berganda, dengan tujuan membantu pemerintah kota dalam merancang kebijakan yang lebih efektif untuk menekan kejadian stunting. Regresi Linear Berganda adalah hubungan secara linear antara dua atau lebih variable independen  dengan variable dependen (Y). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua variabel independen berpengaruh dalam pemodelan kejadian stunting pada tingkat Gampong/Desa di Kota Langsa. Di antara variabel tersebut, tiga variabel yang paling berpengaruh adalah Imunisasi Menyusui Dini (IMD), pemberian ASI Ekslusif, dan kegiatan penimbangan balita
PENERAPAN FUZZY TIME SERIES CHEN UNTUK MERAMALKAN JUMLAH PENERBITAN BLANGKO SERTIFIKAT TANAH PADA KANTOR BADAN PERTANAHAN NASIONAL (BPN) KOTA LANGSA
Authors: Sarahtika Shopia , Sari Riezky Purnama
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dilakukannya peramalan untuk mengusulkan data jumlah penerbitan blangko sertifikat tanah di Kantor Badan Pertanahan Nasional Kota Langsa pada periode berikutnya. Data yang digunakan yaitu data jumlah penerbitan blangko sertifikat tanah pada Kantor Badan Pertanahan Kota Langsa dari tahun 2022-2023. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah fuzzy time series chen. Dalam metode fuzzy time series chen tahapan pengerjaan, mulai dari menentukan semesta pembicaraan, menghitung panjang interval, fuzzifikasi, menentukan FLR, menentukan FLRG, menghitung nilai peramalan kemudikan setelah didapat hasil peramalan, akan dilakukan uji ketepatan pramalan (MAPE). Setelah mengikuti tahapan pada peramalan fuzzy time series model chen, diperoleh nilai peramalan blanko sertifikat tanah untuk bulan januari tahun 2024 yaitu sebesar 492 blanko sertifikat tanah. Setelah dilakukan uji ketepatan peramalan nilai MAPE yang didapatkan sebesar 0,5 maka dari itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa peramalan ini sangat baik karena nilai MAPE kurang dari 10%.
PERAMALAN PEMAKAIAN LISTRIK PENERANGAN JALAN UMUM (PJU) MENGGUNAKAN METODE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING DI KOTA LANGSA
Authors: Tanzilla Ndiva Shahnaz , Amelia  , Fairus
Published: January 2025

Energi listrik merupakan salah satu kebutuhan masyarakat yang sangat penting. Namun pada waktu yang sama timbul masalah dalam upaya penyediaannya. Peningkatan pemakaian listrik di kota Langsa selama periode 2019-2023 mengalami peningkatan dan penurunan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hasil peramalan pemakaian listrik penerangan jalan umum menggunakan metode Exponential Smoothing di Kota Langsa. Data yang digunakan adalah data tahunan dengan jenis data adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari PT. PLN (Persero) UP3 Langsa. Adapun jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode Exponential Smoothing. Berdasarkan penelitian diketahui bahwa data tidak stasioner, memiliki unsur trend, dan tidak dipengaruhi musiman. Sehingga metode peramalan yang tepat digunakan adalah Double Exponential Smoothing, dengan menggunakan dua parameter yaitu  dan . Pada pengujian peramalan diperoleh hasil peramalan mengalami peningkatan 5% - 10% secara terus-menerus di setiap bulannya
Misje stratosferyczne Akademii Tarnowskiej
Authors: Antosz Jakub , Wielgat Robert , Plata Sylwia , Jasielski Piotr , Pękala Damian , Arabik Regina , Witek Maciej
Published: January 2025

W okresie od 29 lipca do 29 września 2023 roku wysłano z kampusu Akademii Tarnowskiej trzy misje stratosferyczne poprzez wyniesienie ładunku za pomocą balonów wypełnionych helem. W trakcie misji zarejestrowano szereg pomiarów dotyczących temperatury, ciśnienia i wilgotności powietrza; temperatury wewnątrz kapsuł ładunkowych, w szczególności na źródłach zasilania; szybkości wznoszenia, opadania i przemieszczania się; parametrów transmisji radiowej. W artykule przedstawiono analizę wybranych danych obejmujących pomiary wilgotności, ciśnienia, temperatury w troposferze i stratosferze oraz temperatury wewnątrz kapsuły. Wyznaczono zależności wielkości fizycznych od wysokości. Przedstawiono wnioski wypływające z analizy danych
‘Open Enough Challenge’ — investigating tensions in open innovation approaches to aerospace R&D
Authors: Weller Kevin , Holaschke Michael
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we investigate the transformative potential that emerging eVTOL- / drone- technology exerts on the relationship between established aerospace R&D processes and their adaptation of open innovation (OI) approaches. Empirically, we draw on the ethnographic and digital ethnographic study of two open innovation challenges, the Boeing GoFly-Prize and the Airbus Deep Drone Challenge. We investigate how tensions emerged in the negotiation process between open and closed innovation approaches throughout the challenges and which measures were taken to mediate them. The concept of ‘infrastructuring tensions’ is applied to shift the perspective from tensions as unwelcome hindrances to integral parts of this negotiation process that require maintaining and that are indicative of opportunities in the adaption of OI approaches.We differentiate the investigation in terms of the challenges’: a) frameworks toward shared eVTOL-innovation; b) accessibility for their participants; c) compatibility between internal R&D processes, market requirements, and participants’ expectations. We conclude that such challenges are examples of what we consider ‘flattening innovation’, a process that builds on open innovation approaches, yet cannot fully employ them. Instead, we observed an interplay where challenges that are communicated as fundamentally open require continuous navigation and re-evaluation to both satisfy participants’ demands for accessible open formats as well as companies’ demands for compatibility toward their own R&D processes and available markets.
A Case Report of Proximal Femoral Epiphysiolysis during Reduction of Hip Dislocation in an Adolescent
Authors:   Post Graduate Resident Surgery, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, Rauf Fatima
Published: January 2025

Hip dislocations may occur in both children and adults following accidents involving vehicles, or falls. Reduction within six hours of damage is currently encouraged since it is one of the most important variables in avoiding avascular necrosis of the femoral head. The treating surgeon must be aware of the likelihood of creating a complete separation between the physis and the femoral neck during an attempted reduction due to the potential biomechanical injury of the physis or capital femoral epiphysis (CFE). We are reporting a case of proximal femoral epiphysiolysis during attempted reduction of hip dislocation in an adolescent.

Keywords: Avascular Necrosis, Hip Dislocation, Proximal Femoral Epiphysiolysis.

How to Cite This:

Rauf F, Rahman O, Khan J, Adnan RM, Khan AN, Hassan M. A Case Report of Proximal Femoral Epiphysiolysis during Reduction of Hip Dislocation in an Adolescent. Isra Med J. 2024; 16(2): 72-75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55282/imj.cr97
Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Salmonella Typhi in paediatric population in a tertiary care hospital
Authors:   Registrar Pediatric, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpind, Jabeen Bakthawar
Published: January 2025

Objective: To assess the sensitivity patterns of Salmonella Typhi in paediatric patients with typhoid fever at tertiary care hospitals in Rawalpindi.

Study Design: Cross-Sectional study.

Place and Duration: The study was conducted at the Departments of Paediatric Medicine at Watim General Hospital and Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi from August 2023 to January 2024.

Methodology: Paediatric patients (n=150) diagnosed with enteric fever were included through purposive sampling. Sensitivity and resistance to first line (ciprofloxacin), second line (ceftriaxone) and third line antibiotics (azithromycin and meropenem) were evaluated. SPSS version-23.00 was used for data analysis. Descriptive and inferential statistics was applied.

Results: The average age of patients was 6.7 ± 2.9 years, with 54% (n=81) males and 46% (n=69) females. The mean weight was 23 ± 7.8 kg, the mean duration of fever was 5.3 ± 1.1 days, and the mean fever at presentation was 101.3 ± 1.7°F. Only 34.7% (n=52) came from urban areas, 25.3% (n=38) from lower socioeconomic status, and merely 18.7% (n=28) reported boiling water before use. Salmonella Typhi was cultured in 68% (n=102) of cases, while Para typhi was found in 32% (n=48). Sensitivity analysis revealed that 61.3% of patients were sensitive to ciprofloxacin as first-line antibiotic, 76.7% to ceftriaxone as second-line, and 82% to azithromycin with 100 % sensitivity to meropenem as third-line antibiotic.

Conclusion: High antibiotic resistance (lower sensitivity), particularly against first-line drug(Ciprofloxacin) was observed among patients with enteric fever, irrespective of age, gender, weight, water source, socioeconomic status, or residence. Further research on larger sample sizes is recommended to explore factors contributing to antibiotic resistance, aiming to mitigate the associated morbidity linked to enteric fever.

Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Enteric Fever, Paediatric, Salmonella Para typhi, Salmonella Typhi, Typhoid.

How to Cite This:

Jabeen B, Liaqat I, Zulfiqar S, Mumtaz N, Shabbir S. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Salmonella Typhi in paediatric population in a tertiary care hospital. Isra Med J. 2024; 16(2): 57-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55282/imj.oa1416
To compare the effects of early Mobilization VS Thrombolytics in Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism after Knee and Hip Arthroplasty
Authors:   Resident Orthopedics  PAEC General Hospital, H11/4, Islamabad, Ghouri Qasim Mahmood
Published: January 2025

Objective: To compare the effects of early mobilization versus thrombolytics in prevention of venous thromboembolism after knee and hip arthroplasty.

Study Design: Randomized control experiment.

Place and Duration: The study was conducted at Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Hospital Islamabad for One year from 10th June 2021 to 30th July 2022.

Methodology: Two groups of forty-eight knee and hip arthroplasty patients were purposefully selected and assigned to a one-year randomized control experiment at Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Hospital Islamabad. For one week, Group A (early mobilization) performed ankle pumping exercises three times a day, while Group B (thrombolytic) took thrombolytics for three weeks. Screening for inclusion criteria was done, and data was gathered and evaluated using Well’s score. SPSS V 26 was used for analysis, with the independent sample t test being used to test for intergroup differences and the Shapiro-Wilk test for data normality.

Results: The results showed that there was statistically significant difference between two groups with p < 0.05. Pre-treatment Mean ±SD of well’s score in early mobilization is 1.6250±0.64 while in thrombolytics is 1.7917±0.83. The results showed statistically significant difference for both groups (p-value <0.05) with greater difference seen in early mobilization group.

Conclusion: Study concluded that both techniques were effective with more effectiveness of early mobilization in patients of hip and knee arthroplasty.

Keywords: Arthroplasty, Early Mobilization, Thrombolytic, Venous Thromboembolism, Prophylaxis, Anticoagulants.

How to Cite This:

Ghouri QM, Mustafa S, Khalid MN, Janjua SN, Munawar S, Shaheen U. To compare the effects of early Mobilization VS Thrombolytics in Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism after Knee and Hip Arthroplasty. Isra Med J. 2024; 16(2): 47-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55282/imj.oa1418.
Lectura y escritura de palabras en estudiantes de escuela media de nivel socioeconómico bajo: un estudio exploratorio
Authors: Ferroni Marina
Published: January 2025

El sistema educativo argentino ha atravesado en las últimas décadas un importante proceso de inclusión. Sin embargo, la preocupación por la calidad de las propuestas educativas ha ido ocupando un lugar cada vez más preponderante en la opinión pública: los desempeños en el área de lengua, específicamente en habilidades de comprensión lectora y producción textual resultan alarmantes aún en estudiantes de escuela media. Al respecto, diversos estudios realizados con alumnos de secundario sugieren que existiría un porcentaje importante de sujetos cuya dificultad para procesar textos radica en problemas básicos de lectura y/o escritura de palabras. Es por ello que el objetivo del siguiente trabajo fue explorar estas habilidades en estudiantes de escuela media de bajo nivel económico social de la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Para ello, se evaluó mediante pruebas de lectura y escritura de distintos tipos de palabras a 85 sujetos de 13 a 15 años. Los resultados mostraron desempeños muy descendidos en la escritura de palabras ortográficamente complejas y en la tasa de lectura; y, por otro lado, la ausencia de correlaciones entre la edad de los participantes y su desempeño. Se discuten estos resultados a partir de la baja calidad de las propuestas educativas a las que acceden los adolescentes que viven en contextos de pobreza.
NIVEL DE ESTUDIOS DE LOS PADRES COMO APOYO O BARRERA SOCIAL EN LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE INTERESES PROFESIONALES
Authors: Emilse Emperatriz Durán Emilse Emperatriz Durán , Scarleth Mujica Scarleth Mujica
Published: January 2025

Los intereses profesionales son el producto de las experiencias y oportunidades que experimenta el joven aspirante durante su formación, compuestas por factores individuales y contextuales. Sin embargo, existe poca evidencia empírica del aporte de factores contextuales en la explicación de la selección de una carrera, en comparación con aquellas investigaciones que abordan factores cognitivo-motivacionales. Esta investigación consistió en analizar la relación entre factores contextuales y los intereses profesionales de alumnos del último año de secundaria, a través del nivel de estudio de los padres. Participaron 224 estudiantes venezolanos del 5to y 6to año de educación media con edades entre 14 y 19 años. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Intereses Vocacionales Modificado CIV-M. A través de una regresión logística resultó que solo la madre con nivel de estudios universitarios influencia baja y positivamente la selección de carreras del área de ciencias sociales, humanidades, medicina y artes. Este estudio facilita futuras comparaciones en otras muestras y contextos, y también brinda directrices para el desarrollo de los servicios de orientación que ofrecen las instituciones educativas, de modo que se minimicen las posibles barreras sociales que se puedan presentar en el interés por cursar estudios universitarios
Erreur en philosophie et les facteurs qui la déterminent : cas des lycéens de la commune IV du district de Bamako
Authors: COULIBALY Seydou Soungalo
Published: January 2025

La problématique de l’erreur semble être, de plus en plus, importante en philosophie, notamment, chez les apprenants dans les établissements d’enseignement secondaire général au Mali. Le présent travail vise à identifier ces erreurs et les facteurs qui leur sont associés. Il s’appuie sur les résultats d’une enquête réalisée à l’aide d’un guide d’entretien auprès de trente professeurs de philosophie sélectionnés aléatoirement dans quinze lycées de la commune IV du district de Bamako. Les résultats obtenus permettent d’identifier seize types d’erreurs et vingt-deux facteurs qui les déterminent. Les plus fréquentes de ces erreurs sont les définitions inappropriées des concepts, les mauvaises argumentations et les mauvais plans des devoirs. S’agissant de leurs facteurs, il y a, entre autres : le niveau bas des apprenants en français et la non maîtrise de la méthodologie des devoirs. La pédagogie de l’erreur est donc nécessaire pour une meilleure intériorisation de la philosophie au lycée.
Historique du système éducatif en République Démocratique du Congo : État des lieux et Perspectives d’avenir
Authors: MOPONDI BENDEKO MBUMBU Alexandre David , BOMA KITIR CLAVER Pierre
Published: January 2025

Les brèves recherches historiques du système éducatif congolais montrent les liens étroits entre la formation dans la colonie et les intérêts essentiellement économiques de l’administration coloniale. Elle commence par mettre en place une structure sociale intermédiaire des « évolués », appelés à assurer la continuité de l’œuvre coloniale, dont seuls les enfants des chefs coutumiers avaient accès à la formation élémentaire des « agents d’exécution » dans différents domaines : administration, agriculture, plantations, minerais, transport, etc. L’administrateur colonial s’est donc limité à assurer le bon fonctionnement de l’administration et la production dans les plantations et mines.
            A l’indépendance, le manque des cadres qualifiés pour le travail de la remise en question du système éducatif existant a laissé la voie libre à la poursuite de la politique éducative basée sur la gestion et les compétences pratiques, au détriment de la recherche et du développement de l’auto-emploi. Est-il qu’à ce jour, on peine à mettre en place des structures permettant de fournir les conditions de fonctionnement efficaces. On continue, pour exister, à suivre les traces des autres.
            Le travail réalisé met ainsi en évidence la « sous-qualification » dans la formation et le manque des programmes cohérents qui prennent en compte les attentes des différents milieux socioculturels du pays. Comme éléments de réponse proposés à ce qui est mis en évidence, une structure indépendante de type Direction des programmes et une « nouvelle structure » de la formation continue.
Influence des facteurs psycho-affectifs sur la performance en mathématiques des élèves de Côte d’Ivoire : cas du lycée moderne DJEDJI Amondji Pierre d'Adjamé 220 logements
Authors: MAHAN Joël , KONÉ Arnaud Pognan Ponagnoumikan , AMON Urbain Anepi
Published: January 2025

Cette étude vise à attirer l'attention de la communauté éducative sur la nécessité de prendre en compte les facteurs psycho-affectifs dans la variation de performance en mathématiques chez les élèves du secondaire en Côte d’Ivoire. En effet, discipline fondamentale pour le développement d’un pays, les mathématiques permettent de résoudre des problèmes complexes dans de nombreux domaines tels que les sciences, la technologie, l’économie, la médecine, l’informatique, l’ingénierie, etc. C’est une discipline qui permet de développer la pensée logique, la créativité et le raisonnement abstrait. L’enseignement et l’apprentissage des mathématiques nécessitent donc une attitude appropriée et une réflexion approfondie sur le style d’apprentissage, ainsi que les connaissances et le comportement de l’enseignant. Ainsi, l'approche méthodologique utilisée, basée sur l'entretien, le questionnaire, l'étude documentaire et une analyse comparée des résultats, a permis de confirmer l'hypothèse de départ selon laquelle la performance des élèves de troisième en mathématiques dépend de l’influence psycho-affectif. Les résultats de l’étude montrent que la performance des élèves de troisième en mathématiques dépend fortement de l'environnement scolaire dans lequel ils évoluent ainsi que des facteurs psycho-affectifs qui les caractérisent. Le cadre d’analyse qui nous a servi d’ancrage dans la réalisation de l’étude est la théorie bioécologique de Bronfenbrenner (1979) et le socioconstructivisme de Vygotsky (1978), qui montrent l'importance du contexte culturel et social dans l'acquisition de connaissances.
Trajectoires professionnelles des enseignants-chercheurs et qualité de la formation à la Faculté des Sciences de l’Éducation de l’Université de N’Djamena
Authors: FOCKSIA DOCKSOU Nathaniel , MEKONDION Nahoundongar , DAGUE Abraham
Published: January 2025

Cet article examine les parcours initiaux des enseignants-chercheurs à la Faculté des Sciences de l’Education de l’Université de N’Djamena. Il analyse la façon dont ils influencent la qualité de la formation dispensée aux étudiants. Les enseignants-chercheurs proviennent de diverses trajectoires, allant du diplôme de l’école primaire aux diplômes professionnels et académiques. En utilisant une méthode mixte basée sur l'échantillonnage à choix raisonné, des entretiens individuels ont été réalisés avec 25 enseignants-chercheurs et 80 étudiants à l'aide d'un questionnaire. Les résultats indiquent que chaque parcours apporte des compétences spécifiques à l’enseignement, telles que la communication pédagogique claire, l’adaptation aux besoins des étudiants et la création d’un environnement d’apprentissage positif. Ceux ayant des études purement académiques se concentrent davantage sur la création de contenu didactique lié à la recherche, tandis que ceux avec des parcours variés accordent plus d’importance à la gestion de classe et à l’animation pédagogique. Cette étude souligne l’importance d’investir dans des ressources matérielles et pédagogiques pour soutenir ces enseignants-chercheurs. La diversité des parcours initiaux enrichit l’approche pédagogique. Elle nécessite une adaptation flexible pour garantir une qualité d’enseignement conforme au système LMD.
Auto stressed suffix “ette” in teaching English at secondary school in Congo
Authors: ONDZE OTOUBA Roland Giscard
Published: January 2025

This research work deals with the teaching and learning of English auto stressed suffix “ette” at secondary school. It drives data from “Terminale” learners and teachers of English at Ecole Militaire Préparatoire Général Leclerc. Classroom observation and questionnaires were used to collect relevant data. The analysis and interpretation of data demonstrate the non-teaching and learning of English auto stressed suffix during English courses. In fact, teachers lack the pedagogical strategies of teaching different English pronunciation items. This could be coupled with the non-organisation of in-service training or teaching workshops by INRAP to reinforce teacher’s training skills. Thus, this research work provides a lesson plan elaborated for the purpose of teaching, learning and assessing English auto-stressed suffixes in secondary school classes.
Bilan quantitatif de l’Éducation pour tous dans le secteur public au Togo : profils de scolarisation et taux d’achèvement de 1999 à 2023
Authors: YABOURI Namiyate
Published: January 2025

Le présent article est une contribution à l’évaluation des politiques scolaires conduites dans le cadre de l’Éducation pour tous au Togo. Il s’agit d’une évaluation quantitative sur la base des données figurant dans les annuaires officiels des statistiques scolaires. L’évaluation a porté sur un indicateur essentiel de la scolarité : le profil de scolarisation du début du primaire à la fin du secondaire 1. À travers des profils de scolarisation, les taux d’achèvement ont été ressortis et ont permis d’apprécier la progression du Togo vers la réalisation de l’EPT. La méthodologie adoptée est descriptive. C’est une description statistique de cohortes d’élèves sur 10 années, ressortant les taux d’achèvement, puis indirectement, les tendances de redoublements ou potentiellement celle de la déperdition scolaire. Concernant les résultats, principalement, il ressort qu’au cours de la période de mise en œuvre de l’EPT la plus récente au Togo, 2014-2023, les taux bruts d’achèvement au primaire est en moyenne de 64% (64,7% pour les effectifs masculins et 63,3% pour les effectifs féminins) dans le secteur public. Pour le même secteur, au secondaire 1, les taux d’achèvement bruts est de 41,5% (soit 43,7% pour les effectifs masculins et 39,1% pour les effectifs féminins). Toutefois, ces portions quoique peu élevées dénotent des améliorations assez sensibles par rapport à la période précédente, 2009-2018, qui avait marqué le début de « la gratuité » de l’école primaire publique au Togo.
Réinvestissement des courants et méthodes pédagogiques dans la pratique des enseignants universitaires en contexte numérique : obstacles, avantages et défis
Authors: NIANG Amadou Yoro , BITEYE Babacar
Published: January 2025

L’espace universitaire sénégalais est de plus en plus marqué par le développement et la mobilisation des outils numériques dans les pratiques enseignantes et apprenantes. Dans ce contexte technologique, les enseignants du supérieur se doivent aussi de réinvestir les principaux courants et méthodes pédagogiques dans leurs enseignements. Cet article pose essentiellement la problématique des avantages, obstacles et défis auxquels sont confrontés les enseignants dans l'adaptation et la réinvention de leurs approches pédagogiques conformément à l'ère du numérique. Cette recherche a ainsi pour objectif de poser un regard critique sur le réinvestissement des courants et méthodes pédagogiques dans la pratique des enseignants universitaires en contexte numérique. Un construit théorique qui privilégie la réflexivité pédagogique (Niang, 2023) fournit des outils nécessaires pour comprendre cette approche intégratrice des courants et méthodes pédagogiques dans la pratique des enseignants universitaires. Pour mener à bien cette recherche, l’on a opté pour une démarche méthodologique de type empirique, dont la particularité est de faciliter un recueil des données à l’aide d’un questionnaire administré en ligne auprès des enseignants-chercheurs. Les données recueillies ont permis de donner lieu à un traitement quantitatif et qualitatif qui vise à décrire, d’une part, les enseignants universitaires d’aujourd’hui en contexte numérique dans leur diversité, et d’autre part, à analyser leurs cultures pédagogiques ainsi que les avantages, obstacles et défis liés au réinvestissement des courants et méthodes dans les pratiques enseignantes.
Les étudiants ivoiriens et l'apprentissage numérique : réalités et pratiques des digital natives
Authors: OUATTARA Mohamed Tidiane
Published: January 2025

Cette étude examine dans quelle mesure les étudiants ivoiriens, souvent qualifiés de digital natives, utilisent les technologies de l'information et de la communication de manière récurrente et efficace dans un cadre académique. En s'appuyant sur un échantillon de 150 étudiants dans une étude mixte, l'analyse des données révèle que, bien que les étudiants soient familiers avec les outils numériques de base, leur utilisation des TIC reste majoritairement orientée vers des tâches élémentaires. Les activités plus complexes sont moins fréquentes. La relation entre le niveau d'étude et le type d'activité réalisée fait ressortir que les étudiants en Licence se concentrent davantage sur des tâches simples, tandis que ceux de Master et Doctorat montrent une plus grande diversité d'activités académiques, sans toutefois établir une relation statistique significative. De plus, l'absence de corrélation entre la compétence en TIC et la nature des activités réalisées remet en question l'idée que la maîtrise des outils numériques se traduit automatiquement par une utilisation académique efficace. L'étude souligne également une relation entre le niveau d'étude et la validation des sources : les étudiants de niveaux supérieurs sont plus rigoureux dans l'évaluation de la fiabilité des informations. En dernier ressort, des obstacles comme les distractions numériques et la surcharge d'informations nuisent à l'efficacité de l'utilisation des TIC.
Être enseignant au Niger aujourd'hui : un regard sur l'image sociale à Dosso
Authors: ABDOURAHAMANE Mohamed Moctar , HINSA HAMANI Abdoul-Hayou
Published: January 2025

L’objectif de ce travail est d’étudier le métier de l’enseignant au Niger ; un métier qui fait face à de nombreuses difficultés aujourd’hui. Ainsi, la recherche empirique à travers la démarche qualitative a consisté en une série d’entretiens semi-directifs réalisés auprès de cinquante-trois (53) acteurs de l’éducation à Dosso. Les groupes stratégiques interrogés sont à la fois des enseignants, des inspecteurs de l’éducation, des conseillers pédagogiques, des parents d’élèves, des élèves. L’analyse des données a permis d’aboutir aux résultats selon lesquels, des acteurs de l’éducation perçoivent l’enseignement au Niger comme un métier noble mais « qui ne nourrit pas son homme ». Nombreux sont ceux qui se retrouvent dans ce métier sans vocation. Certains estiment que c’est un métier qui sert d’avant-garde et qu’ils peuvent quitter d’un moment à l’autre, dès qu’une opportunité se présente. Une grande majorité des Nigériens considèrent l’enseignement comme un métier sans avenir pour l’enseignant, surtout s’il s’agit de l’enseignant contractuel. Les résultats ont révélé également que beaucoup de gens tiennent des propos négatifs sur le métier de l’enseignement au Niger aujourd’hui.  Cela démotive les jeunes désireux d'embrasser cette carrière.