bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural Contact and Service Quality Components Impact on Tourist Satisfaction
Authors: Vu Nguyen Thanh , Dung Ho Tien , Dat Nguyen Van , Duc Phan Minh , Hung Nguyen Thanh , Phuong Nguyen Thi Thanh
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this paper aims to identify the components of service quality at specific tourist destinations and the crucial relationship between cultural contact and service quality in the Mekong Delta Region, Vietnam. The paper shows the relationship of tourists’ satisfaction, loyalty, and cultural contact after using the tourism service in the Mekong Delta Region, Vietnam based on qualitative and quantitative research. Data were obtained from 350 tourists, who responded willingly to a questionnaire-based survey. The results of the study show all factors were significant as components of service quality including tourism infrastructure, natural environment, human resources, safety and security, service, and price. All of these components and the cultural contact have an impact on tourist satisfaction and loyalty.
Incorporating IEEE 1609.2-2016 Standard with Internet of Things-Based Low Power WAVE Devices
Authors: Al-Nidawi Yaarob , Abdullah Mahmood Zaki
Published: April 2020

The integration of low-power devices in different aspects of life has increased the challenges of mitigating the impact of the heterogeneity of different related technologies. Accordingly, the Internet of Things context is an umbrella that diffuses different proprietary protocols into standardized forms to overcome the heterogeneity problem. The recent IEEE 1609.2-2016 standard is tackling the issue of wireless access security in the vehicular environment. An obstacle arose by which Internet of Things-based, low-power devices are integrated into the Internet of Vehicles cloud. In turn, the overhead of Internet of Vehicles-based protocols must be analyzed regarding the adaptability of low-power devices in the vehicular environment. This paper investigates the burden of the IEEE 1609.2 security stack on Internet of Things-based, limited-capability devices and defines the possible approaches to incorporate these low-power devices within the vehicular network under the IEEE 1609.2 standard. The proposed methodology, through the conducted simulations, demonstrates low security overhead with a 40% reduction in consumed energy over the default WAVE stack. In addition, the results show that including low-power devices within the Internet of Vehicles paradigm is possible, but still more enhancements and contributions are required to minimize the overhead of the WAVE security stack.
Observability of Fractional-Order Impulsive Control Integro-Differential System with Nonlocal Initial Condition
Authors: Hasan Sameer Qasim
Published: April 2020

The article describes a new concept for initial and exactly observability of nonlocal fractional-order impulsive control integro-differential system. This is based on the concepts of the abstract Cauchy problem, which depended on some necessary and sufficient conditions. These conditions established on the semigroup theory of bounded operators as a dynamical operator system, which generated by bounded linear operators. Moreover, invertible operators play a primary role, and we presented a necessary condition for some nonlinear multi variables functions. Thus, all these operators were treated in nonlinear functional analysis to guaranty the initial observable and exactly observability. Therefore, from the mild solution of the system and exactly homogenous part, we proved the equivalent concepts between the initial observability and exactly the observability. Thus, our approach in this article is to prove the uniqueness of initial nonlocal values with admissible control, which belongs to the second-order Lebesgue integrable. The interest of observability results in this article lies by proving a unique fixed point, which is nonlocal initial values that are described in the proposal formula by using Banach’s fixed point theory. The processing observability for complexly systems (such as this system) with all components and properties was established and can be used for many control system applications.
The Study of the Effect of Disease and Harvesting on Prey-Predator Interaction
Authors: Ali Nidhal Faisal , Saadi Rami Raad
Published: April 2020

This paper proposes and studies an eco-epidemiological model to describe the dynamic of the spread of a contagious illness of susceptible — infected — susceptible type. This model consists of prey-predator interaction, with the contagious illness in the predator species. It is supposed that, in addition to the existence of harvesting in the prey species and susceptible predator species, the contagious illness is spread only within the predator species through internal contact and external sources, and is not spread to the prey species. The functional response (Lotka-Volterra) is used to describe the Predator Capture. The existence of all fixed points are determined. The bounded and unique nature of the trajectory are proved. The stability (local and global) of all potential fixed points is studied. Finally, a more detailed investigation of the global dynamics of the proposed system is done with the help of numerical simulation.
The Effect of Artificial Aging Treatment on Microstructure and Morphology of AlMgSi Alloy
Authors: Pradica Dhanang Reza , Jeadi Raymond Philander , Prasetya Riduwan , Andoko Andoko , Gapsari Femiana , Puspitasari Poppy , Kurniawan Pradhana
Published: April 2020

This research aimed to explore the effect of artificial aging temperature variations on toughness, hardness, microstructure, and fault morphology in AlMgSi. 120°C, 150°C, and 180°C with 6 hours of holding time were used as the variations. Impact tests used the ASTM E23 standard, and showed an increase in specimen toughness given artificial aging that peaked at 180°C with 0.0649 kg/mm2. Microstructure exhibited a sparse precipitate in the specimen with artificial aging. The fault morphology showed that specimens with artificial aging had brittle and ductile fractures.
Twitter Sentiment Analysis Using an Ensemble Majority Vote Classifier
Authors: Abbas Alaa Khudhair , Salih Ali Khalil , Hussein Harith A. , Hussein Qasim Mohammed , Abdulwahhab Saba Alaa
Published: April 2020

Twitter social media data generally uses ambiguous text that can cause difficulty in identifying positive or negative sentiments. There are more than one billion social media messages that need to be stored in a proper database and processed correctly to analyze them. In this paper, an ensemble majority vote classifier to enhance sentiment classification performance and accuracy is proposed. The proposed classification model is combined with four classifiers, using varying techniques—naive Bayes, decision trees, multilayer perceptron and logistic regression—to form a single ensemble classifier. In addition to these, a comparison is drawn among the four classifiers to evaluate the performance of the individual classifiers. The result shows that in terms of an individual classifier, the naive Bayes classifier is optimal as compared to the others. However, for comparing the proposed ensemble majority vote classifier with the four individual classifiers, the result illustrates that the performance of the proposed classifier is better than the independent one.
Analysis of bearing capacity of wooden rafter frames in wooden vernacular building
Authors: Szostak Bartosz , Nicer Tomasz
Published: April 2020

Wooden, heritage building are located in Muzeum Wsi Lubelskiej. Objects are available for visitors. Authors checked the bearing capacity of wooden rafter frames in this objects. Authors compared the results of analysis and defined bearing capacity of structural elements.
Problems of restoration of antique doors and windows selected examples from Village Museum
Authors: Klimek Beata
Published: April 2020

The doors and windows made of wood apart from wear and tear and damage wood material are also tampered, repaired and especially repeated. In addition, as part of the less durable than the building they were exchanged during various rebuilding and modernization, and particularly during alterations windows on a double and a single door leaves at the door with frame-me. Sentences conservation in this area in addition to investigate and determine the forms of the old woodwork, rely on preventing exchange of taunts and windows joinery and its freezing for the duration of the works. Repair damage and strengthen structures, clearing of paint and surface maintenance.
The historic windows and doors wooden cottages and a farmhouse built in the Lublin region – selected examples from Village Museum
Authors: Klimek Beata
Published: April 2020

Lublin is one of those regions in Poland, which was formerly in the villages and towns dominated by wood building. Currently, the vast majority of these buildings, whose number is steadily decreasing is not covered by a protective conservation. This applies especially to the nineteenth-century buildings. The few that have survived to our time, have long since lost their original appearance. Most often changed the roofs, replaced windows and doors, added timbering. As a result of these actions the buildings have lost forever its former appearance. Examples of historical joinery solutions typical for the region of Lublin can now only be traced on the premises of the exhibition Village Museum. The article discusses the types of window and door joinery formerly occurring in historic wooden building in the Lublin region.
Icelandic vernacular architecture
Authors: Przesmycka Natalia
Published: April 2020

The article presents the historical determinants and contemporary issues related to the cultural heritage of Iceland - vernacular architecture. This architecture is the result of human activity and very specific conditions of raw environment. The settlement of Iceland historically developed in difficult natural conditions, where the real potential (geothermal energy of the earth) are discovered only in recent years. A small amount of building materials and isolation from other centers of civilization caused that the Icelandic construction has been slightly changed over nearly a thousand years.
The social activity of the architects
Authors: Semeniuk Maria
Published: April 2020

Social participation, giving an opportunity for developing relationships, actions in cities or creating conditions resulting in people's advancement are not always obvious associations when we think about architects' work. The article is about connections between the design process and the social issues. It also presents how different architects-activists work with architecture's users.
Local buckling of cantilever wall of thin-walled member with longitudinal and transverse stress variation
Authors: Szychowski Andrzej
Published: April 2020

The paper presents results of the investigation into the stability of elastically restrained cantilever walls (plates) with longitudinal and transverse stress variation. A linear distribution of stresses in the direction of the wall (plate) width and the linear or nonlinear (in accordance with parabola 20) distribution of stresses along the wall length were assumed. Plots of plate buckling coefficients (k) for variously supported and variously loaded cantilever plates, which are not found in the literature, were determined.
Element Excitation Optimization for Phased Array Fault Diagnosis
Authors: K P Prajosh , Khankhoje Uday , Ferranti Francesco
Published: April 2020

We present techniques for solving the problem of detecting element failures in phased array antennas by using a combination of a single fixed probe and an optimization of element excitations using principles derived from compressive sensing. This departs significantly from conventional techniques where the excitations are held constant and probes are instead moved spatially to collect measurements. Doing so helps us to accomplish two objectives with regards to successful fault diagnosis. First, we achieve a reduction in the number of measurements required compared to the state of the art; this reduction is particularly significant in the case of high-noise measurements where existing methods fail. Second, our techniques solve the problem of fault diagnosis in the case of real valued measurements (i.e. intensity measurement along with phase detection instead of phase measurement), which leads to simpler measurement hardware. We use nonconvex optimization algorithms to generate numerical results in support of our conclusions.
Low-Cost and Programmable CRC Implementation based on FPGA
Authors: Liu Huan , Qiu Zhiliang , Pan Weitao , Li Jun , Zheng Ling , Gao Ya
Published: April 2020

Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is a well-known error detection code that is widely used in Ethernet, PCIe, and other transmission protocols. The existing FPGA-based implementation solutions are faced with the problem of excessive resource utilization in high-performance scenarios. The padding zeros problem and the introduction of programmability further exacerbate this problem. In this brief, the stride-by-5 algorithm is proposed to achieve the optimal utilization of FPGA resources. The pipelining go back algorithm is proposed to solve the padding zeros problem. The method of reprogramming by HWICAP is proposed to realize programmability with a small and constant resource utilization. The experimental results show that the resource utilization of proposed non-segmented architecture is 84.1% and 37.6% lower than those of two state-of-the-art FPGA-based CRC implementations, and the proposed segmented architecture has a lower resource utilization by 83.9% and 8.9% compared wtih the two state-of-the-art architectures; meanwhile, the throughput and programmability are guaranteed. We made the source code available on GitHub.
Hannah Arendt: considerações sobre a Revolução Americana
Authors: Vicente José João Neves Barbosa
Published: April 2020

A revolução, para Hannah Arendt, é um acontecimento cujo objetivo é fundar um novo corpo político onde a liberdade possa aparecer. Em seu livro Da revolução, ela analisa e contrapõe as experiências americana e francesa, defendendo que, enquanto a primeira foi um “sucesso”, a segunda foi um grande “fracasso”. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar e expor o modo como Hannah Arendt compreendeu esse “sucesso” da Revolução Americana.
Origem de classe e chances de vida no Brasil
Authors: Santos José Alcides Figueiredo
Published: April 2020

O trabalho investiga as relações entre origem de classe e chances de vida no Brasil com os dados de mobilidade social da PNAD 2014. Os efeitos da origem foram estimados sob a forma de médias preditas e diferenças proporcionais na renda com um Modelo Linear Generalizado. A magnitude e a evolução entre as coortes dos efeitos total e direto da origem privilegiada na renda coloca em questão o papel equalizador da educação. A origem no topo social tanto impulsiona a renda de quem tem escolaridade superior quanto protege quem fracassa na escola. Os retornos da escolaridade superior e média estão caindo entre as coortes. Esta queda afeta quem ter origem na base social, porém não no topo social. Maior desigualdade originária parece favorecer a vantagem de origem.  A menor desigualdade de renda atual, no entanto, não reduziu a vantagem de origem entre a primeira e a última coorte.
Concepção de um jogo sério baseado no Design Participativo para educação em higiene bucal de crianças
Authors: Morais Emanuel , Araújo Chagas Vergara Clarice Maria , De Vasconcelos Filho José Eurico , Alves de Carvalho Sampaio Helena , Rocha Ximenes Virgílio
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo é descrever o processo de concepção de um jogo sério, o Oral Health Kids, desenvolvido para educar em higiene bucal infantil mediante a participação de pais ou responsáveis. Método: O jogo foi desenvolvido pelo método do Design de Interação Participativo Centrado no Usuário, ou Design Participativo (DP), de Preece, Rogers e Sharp (2013), e contou a participação de uma equipe multidisciplinar que envolveu um dentista, um desenvolvedor de software, um ilustrador e educadores. O protótipo foi usado e testado por dez professoras da educação infantil. Foi desenhado para o público infantil, entre quatro e sete anos. Resultados: O jogo possui duas áreas: a da criança e a do seu responsável. Tem um enredo baseado no universo infantil, quatro fases progressivas de evolução e motivação intrínseca tanto para crianças quanto para pais, história em quadrinhos, avatares e material educativo disponibilizado aos responsáveis sobre saúde e higiene bucal à proporção que a criança acumula pontos para avançar de fase. Conclusão: O jogo sério apresentado indica viabilidade, material pedagógico apropriado e demonstrou ser uma ferramenta que, com os devidos ajustes e implementações apresenta-se como uma opção auxiliar de educação em saúde.

Palavras-chave: Jogos de vídeo. Educação em saúde. Aplicativos móveis.
РОЛЬ ФЕРМЕРСЬКИХ ГОСПОДАРСТВ В АГРАРНОМУ ВИРОБНИЦТВІ ПОЛТАВСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ
Authors: Загребельна І.Л. , Волкова Н.В. , Олійник Є.О.
Published: April 2020

У статті актуалізовано, що сьогодні фермерські господарства є традиційною формою ведення сільського господарства, виробляючи продукцію рослинництва та тваринництва для внутрішніх потреб та експорту. Використання резервів фермерських господарств сприятиме збільшенню виробництва товарної продукції та залученню додаткових трудових ресурсів, зростанню реальних доходів сільських жителів. Проаналізовано динаміку розвитку фермерських господарств у Полтавській області. Зокрема, досліджено динаміку чисельності, розміри земельних угідь та обсяги виробництва сільськогосподарської продукції. Досліджено основні переваги та недоліки фермерських господарств порівняно з іншими формами господарювання. Визначено перспективи
ФІНАНСОВИЙ ПОГЛЯД НА УПРАВЛІННЯ ПРИБУТКОМ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ
Authors: Зайцев О.В. , Могильний В.В.
Published: April 2020

У статті пропонується погляд на категорію «прибуток» як на фінансовий показник та звернено увагу на його характерні особливості. Метою статті є пропонування та обґрунтування можливостей і доцільності застосування категорії «прибуток» у формі фінансової категорії для розширення фінансового інструментарію впливу на цілеспрямований розвиток суб’єктів господарювання. Представлено класифікацію принципів фінансового та економічного аналізу даних, що можуть бути використані в оцінці поточного стану та прогнозуванні розвитку суб’єктів господарювання. Настав час, на нашу думку, коли необхідно відійти від шаблону, що прибутком характеризується виключно результат, що описує динаміку управління базовими економічними факторами. Існує зворотний регулюючий вплив, а саме управління прибутком як ззовні, так і безпосередньо в межах підприємства. Зроблено висновки стосовно перспектив можливого застосування такого інструменту щодо регулювання діяльності суб’єктів господарювання. Зазначено, що для прийняття управлінських рішень у системі управління та прогнозування суб’єктами господарювання існують важелі як із боку підприємства, так і з боку державного управління.
АПОПТОЗ ГЕПАТОЦИТОВ - ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЙ ФАКТОР ПРОГРЕССИРОВАНИЯ НЕАЛКОГОЛЬНОЙ ЖИРОВОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ ПЕЧЕНИ
Authors: Trushina Eleonora , Mustafina Oksana , Kuznetsov Valery
Published: April 2020

В обзоре литературы рассматривается патогенетическое значение апоптоза гепатоцитов в процессе формирования и прогрессирования неалкогольной жировой болезни печени (НАЖБП).

The literature review examines the pathogenetic significance of hepatocyte apoptosis during the formation and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫЙ ИНСТРУМЕНТАРИЙ РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНОВ
Authors: Pisarenko Kristina
Published: April 2020

В статье проведен обзор основных инструментов повышения инвестиционной привлекательности региональных экономик в парадигме устойчивого социально-экономического развития территорий. Автором обозначены факторы, определяющие инвестиционную привлекательность регионов, представлен рейтинг инвестиционного потенциала и рисковости регионов, а так же сформулированы перспективные направления развития инвестиционной привлекательности региональных экономик.

The article reviews the main tools for increasing the investment attractiveness of regional economies in the paradigm of sustainable socio-economic development of territories. The author identifies the factors that determine the investment attractiveness of regions, presents the rating of investment potential and risk of regions, and also formulated promising directions for the development of investment attractiveness of regional economies.
ЭТНОКУЛЬТУРНАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА БАЙКАЛЬСКОГО РЕГИОНА
Authors: Ekimov Yevgeniy
Published: April 2020

В статье проводится обобщение сведений о поэтапном заселении байкальского региона, и вводятся в научный оборот ранее нигде не упоминавшиеся источники, свидетельствующие о мирной колонизации края русскими, а также о проживании русских в Сибири, за долго до похода Ермака. Как новый метод исследования применяется анализ художественной фотографии, как этнокультурного источника. В работе также ставится под сомнение вопрос о происхождении сибирского казачества.

The article summarizes the information about the gradual settlement of the Baikal region, and introduced into scientific circulation previously never mentioned sources, indicating the peaceful colonization of the region by the Russians, as well as the Russian residence in Siberia, long before the campaign of Ermak. The analysis of art photography as an ethno-cultural source is used as a new method of research. The paper also questions the origin of the Siberian Cossacks.
Meningkatkan Kreativitas Anak Melalui Metode Bermain Plastisin Tanah Liat
Authors: Maisarah Ayu , Mahmud Muchammad Eka , Saugi Wildan
Published: April 2020

This research aims to improve the creativity skill of children at early age through play by using plasticine in the group of B2 at TK IT Salsabila Samarinda. The type of the research is classroom action research with three cycles. The aspects assessed on the children’s creativity skill are fluency, originality, flexibility and detail. The result of the classroom action research shows an improvement on the children’s creativity skill through plasticine media during the pre-cycle, cycle I, cycle II, and clycle III.  The children’s creativity skill on the pre-cycle is 9% with undeveloped or poor category and 27% on the cycle I with undeveloped or poor category. Then, on the cycle II it increases to 47% with developing or fair category and on the cycle III it becomes 93% with well-developed or very good category. It shows that play by using plasticine can improve the creativity of children at early age.
PROGRESSIVE FAILURE ANALYSIS OF HELICOPTER ROTOR BLADE UNDER AEROELASTIC LOADING
Authors: Ahmad Kamran , Baig Yasir , Rahman Hammad , Hasham Hassan Junaid
Published: April 2020

Unlike metal structure, composite structures don’t give any clue till the fatal final collapse. The problem is more
complicated when applied load on the structure is aeroelastic in nature. Under such loading, composite laminate experiences stresses. The first
layer failure happens when stresses in the weakest ply exceed the allowable strength of the laminate. This initial layer-based failure changes
overall material characteristics. It is important now to degrade the composite laminate characteristics for the subsequent failure prediction.
The constitutive relations are required to be updated by the reduction in stiffness. The rest of the undamaged laminates continue to take
the load till the updated strength is reached. In the present work, layer wise progressive failure analysis under aeroelastic loading has been
performed by the inclusion of different failure criteria which allow for the identification of the location of the failure. ANSYS APDL environment
has been used to model geometry of helicopter rotor. Under the loading conditions, stresses are calculated in the blade. Using stress tensor and
failure criteria, failure location and modes have been predicted. It has been found that failure starts at higher speeds and failure starts from
the root chord and tend towards the tip chord.
Integrative revision of the Caryocolum schleichi species group – a striking example of a temporally changing species concept (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae)
Authors: Huemer Peter
Published: April 2020

The taxonomy of the PalaearcticCaryocolum schleichispecies group is revised, leading to a largely new species concept. Initially described as four different species (C. schleichi,C. arenariella,C. dianthella,C. improvisella), these taxa were later considered as subspecies. Recently the taxonC. arenariellawas re-instated to species level without, however, revision of the remaining three subspecies. Analysis of DNA barcodes of the mtCOI (Cytochrome c Oxidase 1) gene of all four validly described taxa showed an unexpected pattern of genetic diversity. Careful re-examination of morphological traits, particularly male and female genitalia, fully supported this pattern, leading to the re-instatement ofC. dianthellasp. rev.andC. improvisellasp. rev.as valid species and the description of three new species, all of them occurring in the Alps:C. messnerisp. nov.(Italy, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Greece),C. lamaisp. nov.(Italy, France) andC. habelerisp. nov.(France, Switzerland, Germany). All species are described in detail and the adults and genitalia of both sexes are illustrated.
Behind the Hospitals’ Closed Doors: Medical Archives as Sites of Racial Memory and Social (In)Justice
Authors: Grossi Élodie
Published: April 2020

Cet article révèle en quoi les archives des hôpitaux psychiatriques dévoilent la violence symbolique et physique infligée aux corps racialisés, confinés dans ces lieux par l’autorité médicale blanche aux xix e et xx e  siècles. En prenant pour appui les archives d’institutions médicales et d’organisations de défense des droits civiques, ainsi qu’une enquête qualitative, cet article s’intéresse à l’invisibilisation du point de vue des patients depuis le xix e  siècle, à la possible élaboration de contre-récits portant sur les résistances noires et aux usages sociaux et politiques contemporains de l’histoire médicale.
Langages artistiques et formation continue : chemin faisant…
Authors: Chavepeyer Isabelle
Published: April 2020

Le fraje propose diverses formations et publications qui engagent les professionnels de l’accueil du jeune enfant dans une réflexion sur la relation entre le tout-petit, son parent, les professionnels et l’art. Nous développons la démarche qui sous-tend ces actions ainsi que les axes théoriques sur lesquels elles s’étayent. Il importe de pouvoir se questionner sur son propre rapport aux langages artistiques pour pouvoir accompagner le jeune enfant et son parent sur ce chemin.
Proof of some conjectures involving quadratic residues
Authors: Petrov Fedor , Sun Zhi-Wei
Published: April 2020

We confirm several conjectures of Sun involving quadratic residues modulo odd primes. For any prime $ p\equiv 1\ ({\rm{mod}}\ 4) $ and integer $ a\not\equiv0\ ({\rm{mod}}\ p) $, we prove that

   $ (-1)^{|\{1 \leq k<\frac p4:\ (\frac kp) = -1\}|}\prod\limits_{1 \leq j<k \leq (p-1)/2}(e^{2\pi iaj^2/p}+e^{2\pi iak^2/p}) \\ = \begin{cases}1\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{if}\ p\equiv1\ ({\rm{mod}}\ 8), \\ \left(\frac ap\right)\varepsilon_p^{-(\frac ap)h(p)}\ \ \text{if}\ p\equiv5\ ({\rm{mod}}\ 8), \end{cases} $

and that

   $ \begin{array}{*{35}{l}}\left|\left\{(j, k):\ 1 \leq j\{ak^2\}_p\right\}\right| \\ +\left|\left\{(j, k):\ 1 \leq j\frac p2\right\}\right| \\ \equiv \left|\left\{1 \leq k<\frac p4:\ \left(\frac kp\right) = \left(\frac ap\right)\right\}\right|\ ({\rm{mod}}\ 2), \end{array}$

where $ (\frac{a}p) $ is the Legendre symbol, $ \varepsilon_p $ and $ h(p) $ are the fundamental unit and the class number of the real quadratic field $ \mathbb Q(\sqrt p) $ respectively, and $ \{x\}_p $ is the least nonnegative residue of an integer $ x $ modulo $ p $. Also, for any prime $ p\equiv3\ ({\rm{mod}}\ 4) $ and $ {\delta} = 1, 2 $, we determine

   $ (-1)^{\left|\left\{(j, k): \ 1 \leq j\{{\delta} T_k\}_p\right\}\right|}, $

where $ T_m $ denotes the triangular number $ m(m+1)/2 $.
A mathematical model for the effects of grandmothering on human longevity
Authors: Paquin Dana ,   Department of Mathematics, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA 93402, USA, Kato David , Kim Peter ,   School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
Published: April 2020

Although females in human and the great ape populations reach the end of fertility at similar ages (approximately 45 years), female humans often live well beyond their post-fertile years, while female primates typically die before or shortly after the end of fertility. The grandmother hypothesis proposes that the care-giving role provided by post-fertile females contributed to the evolution of longevity in human populations. When post-fertile females provide care for weaned infants, mothers are able to have their next baby sooner without compromising the chances of survival of their previous offspring. Thus, the post-menopausal longevity that is unique to human populations may be an evolutionary adaptation. In this work, we construct, simulate, and analyze an ordinary differential equations mathematical model to study the grandmother hypothesis. Our model describes the passage of the individuals of a population through five life stages in the cases with and without grandmothering. We demonstrate via numerical simulation of the mathematical model that grandmothering care is sufficient to significantly increase adult life expectancy. We also investigate the relationship between the number of weaned infants that a post-fertile female can care for at a given time and the steady-state age distributions of a population.
Folkloristas asturianos: Aurelio de Llano
Authors: Cid Jesús Antonio
Published: April 2020

Aurelio de Llano (1868-1936) fue uno de los folkloristas y etnógrafos más importantes con que ha contado el estudio de la cultura tradicional asturiana en este siglo. Su mérito radica especialmente en la intensidad y amplitud del trabajo de campo que realizó en la década de 1920. En este artículo se intenta ofrecer una panorámica general de su obra como folklorista. A la vez, se reconstruye el proceso de elaboración de sus principales libros, según puede seguirse a través de la correspondencia -muy copiosa- de Llano con Ramón Menéndez Pidal. Especial atención se dedica a sus aportaciones al conocimiento del Romancero tradicional en Asturias. Por último, intentamos trazar una semblanza de la personalidad humana de Llano, en la medida en que ésta condicionó, positiva o negativamente, su labor como estudioso de la cultura popular.
Dulces confites
Authors: Castellote Herrero Eulalia
Published: April 2020

La confitería es uno de los quehaceres artesanos en trance de extinción y por ello resulta fundamental recoger de los últimos hombres del oficio los secretos transmitidos de generación en generación. A este objetivo se dedica el presente artículo, basado en el trabajo de campo realizado en la provincia de Guadalajara, zona especialmente conservadora y rica en tradiciones, en la que la confitería ha alcanzado escaso desarrollo, pero ofrece, precisamente por ello, gran interés. En él se estudian y describen el oficio, sus secretos y los confites tradicionalmente elaborados.
Técnicas de arada en la provincia de Zamora en la Edad Media
Authors: Mingote Calderón José Luis
Published: April 2020

Con este breve artículo nos acercamos de nuevo a la documentación medieval para llevar a cabo una lectura etnológica de la misma. Esta vez nos centramos en los fueros de la provincia de Zamora para ver la incidencia de determinado colectivo, en concreto el obispado de la capital, en la implantación de técnicas agrarias relacionadas con el barbecho. Además, mostramos cómo el mundo cristiano aparece fuertemente relacionado con el musulmán en este tema concreto.
Point Estimation with Markers for Effective Mobile Auditory Graphs
Authors: Putra Zico Pratama , Setiawan Deni , Priambodo Bagus , Anasanti Mila Desi
Published: April 2020

While researchers have performed numerous studies to understand the human interpretation of visual graphs in reading, comprehending and interpreting displayed data; visually impaired (VI) students still face many challenges that prevent them from fully benefiting from these graphs in class. In this study, we conducted a test with 20 students to track the work described in studies in an expanded scenario. As we have tried to answer the question as to whether adding multi-reference mapping of sonification to auditory graphs could improve the of point estimation accuracy in non-visual condition. We also emphasize the efficiency of the performance of multi-reference graphs to make them as efficient as mapping using single pitch. Our proposed study improved performance of multi-reference task completion time by having fewer reference note. The results help provide empirical evidence that the multi-reference mode provides more accurate results than the single-pitch mode and confirms that adding contexts to auditory graphs could be used for better comprehension.
Correlation between Self-Efficacy and English Performance
Authors: Chen Yinchun
Published: April 2020

Self-efficacy may affect our behaviours, thoughts and emotions. The students with strong self-efficiency tend to have good autonomous learning ability. However, there is little report on the correlation between self-efficacy and English performance. To make up for the gap, this paper explores the influence of self-efficacy on English performance based on the theories on self-efficacy. Specifically, a questionnaire survey was carried out among male and female students in three grades, covering all aspects of English learning (e.g. listening, speaking, reading and writing). The collected data were analysed statistically on the SPSS. The results show that self-efficacy influences the selection of environment and behaviour; the students with strong self-efficacy can flexibly use various cognitive and learning methods, and achieve excellent self-management and regulation; the students with good English performance have high self-efficacy scores, revealing a positive correlation between self-efficacy and English performance. The research findings lay a theoretical basis for improving English performance based on self-efficacy.
Using Learning Management Systems to Promote Online Instruction
Authors: Bradley Vaughn Malcolm
Published: April 2020

Learning management systems (LMS) reinforce the learning process through online classroom environments. A standard LMS supports an inclusive learning environment for academic progress with interceding structures that promote online collaborative-groupings, professional training, discussions, and communication among other LMS users. Instructors should balance active learning with the use of LMS technological resources and the use of guidelines from the qualified curriculum. As Murcia stated regarding online environments in 2016, instructors can use an LMS to facilitate and model discussions, plan online activities, set learning expectations, provide learners with options, and assist in problem-solving and decision making, supporting learner engagement through their presence in the LMS; facilitators allow students to retain their autonomy, enthusiasm, and motivation. It is vital that stakeholders of the educational community find scientific studies to support their contributions in LMS platforms to assist scholars in learning mathematics and other academic subjects
Instructional Design and Online Standards
Authors: Farmer Lesley S. J.
Published: April 2020

Online education has a foundation so that beneficial practices can leverage online environments effectively. Besides generic instructional design principles, models of good online instructional design are emerging. These practices and models are codified into online instructional design standards that provide research-based criteria that can be used to measure the degree to which such instructional designs meet those standards and can serve as guidelines of factors to consider when designing online instruction. This chapter provides an overview of instructional design as it applies to online teaching and learning. It also discusses how standards can help improve such instructional design in order to optimize student learning and achievement.
Towards a Security Competence of Software Developers
Authors: Assyne Nana
Published: April 2020

Software growth has been explosive as people depend heavily on software on daily basis. Software development is a human-intensive effort, and developers' competence in software security is essential for secure software development. In addition, ubiquitous computing provides an added complexity to software security. Studies have treated security competences of software developers as a subsidiary of security engineers' competence instead of software engineers' competence, limiting the full knowledge of the security competences of software developers. This presents a crucial challenge for developers, educators, and users to maintain developers' competences in security. As a first step in pushing for the developers' security competence studies, this chapter utilises a literature review to identify the security competences of software developers. Thirteen security competences of software developers were identified and mapped to the common body of knowledge for information security professional framework. Lastly, the implications for, with, and without the competences are analysed and presented.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Deterrence Theory in Information Security Compliance
Authors: Koranteng Felix Nti , Apau Richard , Opoku-Ware Jones , Ekpezu Akon Obu
Published: April 2020

There is a long-held belief that deterrence mechanisms are more useful in developing countries. Evidence on this belief is anecdotal rather than empirical. In this chapter, individual compliance to information system security policy (ISSP) is examined through the lenses of deterrence theory. The effects of certainty of detection and severity of punishment on attitude towards compliance and also ISSP compliance behaviour are investigated. A survey questionnaire was distributed to gather responses from 432 individuals who are staff of a public university in Ghana. The data was analysed using partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that severity of punishment has a positive effect on attitude towards compliance and ISSP compliance behaviour. However, certainty of detection neither affected attitude towards compliance nor ISSP compliance behaviour. It is recommended that organizations enhance the severity of sanctions imposed on those who violate ISSPs. Future studies should explore how users apply neutralization techniques to evade sanctions.
Online Community Bonds as a Method of Mitigating Toxicity in an Interactive Livestream
Authors: Rines Olivia
Published: April 2020

Toxicity—aggressive, discriminatory, or hostile behavior that impacts a group or community—is a significant issue on the livestreaming platform Twitch, where a single toxic utterance can disrupt the dynamic between a streamer and their fans. This chapter examines the ways in which a female Twitch streamer combats issues of toxicity by creating and supporting a fan community that is heavily invested in her and therefore endeavors to conform to the norms and regulations of her community. Through the analysis of a single two-hour stream, this chapter considers the ways in which a streamer can balance the appearance of a close relationship with her community with a high level of moderation and regulation to resist toxic behavior and thus ensure her and her fan community's well-being and happiness.
Semantic Integration of Information Models of Different Domains for the Railway Sector
Authors: Guney Caner , Çalışkan Berna , Atahan Ali Osman
Published: April 2020

Although BIM and GIS are from different domains, the interoperability of IFC and CityGML is seen today as a needed step for the plan, design, and construction of an infrastructure project. Such an approach utilizes data from both domains by converting two open data standards. However, the interoperability of GIS/BIM convergence with other domains, such as LandInfra, LADM, RailTopoModel, etc., is becoming increasingly more important, particularly in the projects of railway. Thus, the cooperation is not only for stakeholders within the AECO/MEP industry but also other stakeholders within other domains. A decentralized seamless data flow among different domains must be ensured by linking different domain information models. This study presents a comprehensive approach for incorporating information models with a particular focus on the railways. The approach in the study first asserts project information in BIM to be included in GIS using geospatial ontologies and then extends this approach by integrating other information models from different fields.
Potential of Deployment of Virtual and Augmented Reality in Emergency Management Training via an Exploratory Interview Study
Authors: Pennazio Valentina , Genta Michele
Published: April 2020

This article presents the outcome of an exploratory survey aimed to detecting the strengths and weaknesses and the degree of acceptance of the use of virtual and augmented reality in training of confined or suspected pollution environments workers. Forty-five Italian professionals (public and private) that work in health and safety in workplace, in different roles, have been involved in the survey (e.g. trainers, augmented and virtual reality specialists, researchers, health personnel). The analysis of the survey showed that the use of augmented and virtual reality allows several training sessions in safety, teach workers to perceive the risk and manage the negative emotions that hinder the success of the work. These reflections helped us to hypothesize a training proposal with the use of augmented and virtual reality.
Gears in Motion
Authors: Mardi Fatemeh
Published: April 2020

This article expands Garrison, Anderson, and Archer's Community of Inquiry framework by adding a mechanism to understand the interactions among presences and domains in an online course. Based on a qualitative content analysis of student reflections, elements that create an optimal learning experience. The article discusses three findings and offers visual representations of each: how emotions are pervasive among the presences, a chronological representation of components in two phases, and a logic model showing if-then interactions among the components in a linear form. As a result of these findings, the gear model is proposed, which accounts for current research findings such as emotional and learner presences. The ‘gears in motion' model offers a new, holistic perspective that illustrates the five elements necessary to create an optimal learning experience.
The Effect of Using Blended Learning Method on Students' Achievement in English and Their Motivation Towards Learning It
Authors: Hijazi Dima Ali , AlNatour Amal Shehadeh
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of using a blended learning method on ninth grade students' achievements in English and their motivation towards learning it. The sample consisted of 100 female students selected purposefully and distributed into two groups: experimental and control. The experimental group studied English through a computerized program in the traditional method, while the control group was taught by the traditional method only. The results revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups in favor of the experimental group both in the achievement and the motivation towards learning English. The researchers recommended using computerized teaching in addition to the traditional method due to the positive results shown by the current study. In addition, they recommended conducting studies that measure the effect of blended learning on some aspects related to English language such as: vocabulary, spelling, pronunciation, or any other aspects.
Antioxidant Activity of Sulfated Polysaccharide Extract from Green Seaweed (Caulerpa lentillifera) Makassar, Indonesia
Authors: Rizki Ilmi Fadhilah , Sinurat Ellya , Fajriah Sofa , Saefudin Endang
Published: April 2020

Caulerpa lentillifera belong to Caulerpa genus which is commonly found in tropical and subtropical water. The biggest constituent of seaweed is polysaccharide that has some biological activities as a potential medicine. Therefore, this research aimed to extract and evaluate the antioxidant activity from Caulerpa lentillifera polysaccharide. The extraction was carried out by using water extraction. First, the sample was added with ethanol and soaked overnight at room temperature. On the following day, the sample was added with aquades and put in a water bath at 75°C for three hours. After that, ethanol was added to precipitate the extract. The crude polysaccharide extract percent yield obtained 4.16 %. The crude extract purified by using a column with DEAE-Sepharose with percent yield obtained 14.8 %. Both crude and pure extracts were characterized by analyzing the total carbohydrate and sulfate by using spectrophotometer, functional group by using FT-IR spectroscopy and sugar component by using HPLC. Antioxidant activity was analyzed by using the FRAP method for both crude and pure extract. Moreover, the polysaccharide crude extract gives higher antioxidant activity than the purified extract.
Stainless Steel 316 L Metal Coating with Capiz Shell Hydroxyapatite Using Electrophoretic Deposition Method as Bone Implant Candidate
Authors: Kriswanto Martinus , Khairurrijal Muhammad , Wajong Dave Leonard Junior , Kadarismanto Tofan Maliki , Yusuf Yusril
Published: April 2020

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) made of capiz shell has been successfully coated onto stainless steel 316L substrate using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method. In this study, three variations were applied, they were the voltages of 25 V and 50 V, the withdrawal speeds of 0.1 mm/s, 0.5 mm/s, and 1 mm/s, and the sintering temperatures of 750, 850, and 950 °C. These variations were applied to determine the differences in morphology and crystal structure of the layers so that the most suitable result was obtained as a candidate for the bone implant. Characterization was done by Scanning Electron Microscope and X-Ray Diffractometer. The EPD process and the application of sintering temperature eliminated the phase of B type apatite carbonate which made the purity of the HAp layer higher. The SEM results show that the layer was more homogeneous and free of cracking at a voltage of 50 V and the withdrawal speed of 0.1 mm/s. The layer density was higher as the voltage and sintering temperature increased. Higher sintering temperature also made the layer more homogeneous, but at 950 °C, stainless steel 316L substrate underwent a phase transformation which caused the decreasing of the purity of the HAp layer. The best results were obtained by applying a50 V voltage, a withdrawal speed of 0.1 mm/s, and a sintering temperature of 850 °C.