bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Refractive Accommodation on Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Silicone Oil-Filled Eyes
Authors: Yan Ying , Liu Ran , Gao Chengyuan , Song Yanping , Ding Qin , Chang Feng , Chen Xiao
Published: August 2021

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of refractive accommodation on subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in silicone oil (SO)-filled eyes.METHODS: This retrospective, self-comparative study was conducted on 40 patients with unilateral macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, who underwent vitrectomy and SO tamponade. The SFCT of SO-filled eyes and the fellow control eyes were measured using optical coherence tomography at their one-month visit after surgery. The patients wore soft contact positive lenses for 24 hours in the SO-filled eyes, to correct their refractive error. SFCT and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) were measured before and after wearing the contact lenses. Mean SFCT was compared between SO-filled eyes and the fellow control eyes, and SFCT and CVI were compared before and after refractive error correction in the SO-filled eyes.RESULTS: Mean SFCT of SO-filled eyes (221.52±38.41 um) was less than that of the fellow eyes (273.41±31.30 um) (P<0.001). After refractive error correction, the mean SFCT increased to 269.28±36.90 um(P <0.001). However, CVI decreased from 57.01±2.41 to 55.39±2.39 (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: SFCT reduction in SO-filled eyes was primarily due to the hyperopia status. The non-uniform change in CVI suggests that changes in CT are mainly attributed to a greater expansion of the stromal area instead of the choroidal vascular area.
Concordance Between The Schedule for The Evaluation of Individual Quality of Life – Direct Weighting (SEIQoL-DW) and The EuroQoL-5D (EQ-5D) Measures of Quality of Life Outcomes in Adults With X-linked Hypophosphatemia.
Authors: Jandhyala Ravi
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUNDAccurate measurement of any constructs in clinical studies is of critical importance, especially if the adoption of an intervention relies on detecting a significant treatment effect where one exists. Under Neutral theory, the amount of relevant and irrelevant indicators selected to operationalise the construct contribute equally to the accuracy of the observation. The Neutral or accurate observation is achieved by observing all relevant indicators only. Generic QoL instruments such as EQ-5D are increasingly being accepted as inaccurate, especially in rare diseases, based on the relevance of their indicators. QoL is a construct that embodies a patient's subjectivity, individuality, and local circumstances at measurement. SEIQoL-DW is an instrument designed to respect these characteristics of QoL through eliciting indicators or cues directly from the subject along with the proportion of the overall QoL they contribute. EQ-5D and SEIQoL can therefore be considered as being at opposing ends of accuracy in QoL measurement. XLH is a hereditary, progressive, rare disease characterised by phosphate wasting, affecting both children and adults and impacting their QoL. The purpose of this study was to observe if any change in QoL of adult XLH patients were detectable using EQ-5D, SEIQoL eliciting new cues at each visit, and SEIQoL administering baseline cues overall visits (thereby silencing its time-dependency) versus baseline over 12 months. Secondly, to explore any association between the three sets of observations.RESULTSAll quality of life scores were observed to decrease from baseline by 13.36%, 7.32%, and 2.7% based on SEIQoLvisit_cues, SEIQoLbaseline_cues, and EQ-5D assessments, respectively. The decrease in the quality of life scores was only statistically significant (p=0.037) for SEIQoLvisit_cues. Beyond the baseline visit, the only highly positive and statistically significant pairwise association was between SEIQoLvisit_cues and SEIQoLbaseline_cues at M6 (ρ=0.782, P value<0.05) and M9 (ρ=0.879, P value<0.05).CONCLUSIONSEQ-5D and SEIQoLbaseline_cues failed to detect the same statistically significant decrease in QoL observed by SEIQoLvisit_cues. Both sets of SEIQoL observations were more closely associated with each other than with EQ-5D. Observing constructs such as QoL in rare diseases benefit from a Neutrality in indicator selection and respecting variation in dominance of various indicators over time.
Numerical quantification model and experiment of external force on roller hemming of curved edge aluminium alloy with adhesive
Authors: Li Jianjun , Zhu Wenfeng , Li Yuanhui
Published: August 2021

Accurate quantification of external force is the key to improve the high-precision hemming of autobody closure panels. However, the mechanism of external force on forming quality of complex contour sheet metal with adhesive is not clear subjected to geometric curvature and materials. In the present study, taking the curved edge aluminum sheet as the research object, SPH (smooth particle hydrodynamics) is introduced to simulate the viscous adhesive, and the SPH-FEM (Finite element method) coupling model of adhesive and panel considering the viscosity-pressure effect is established. The numerical simulation of the roller hemming process is carried out, then the validity and reliability are verified by real-time measurement of external force by triaxial force sensor. The multi-step forming process and the effect of external force on the roll in/out, surface wave and plastic strain of aluminum alloy sheet under the viscosity-pressure effect are studied, and the relationship between process parameters and external force is discussed. Results show that the coupling SPH-FEM model can well reflect the hemming process of curved edge structure. The normal force is about 2~3 times of the tangential force in the pre and final hemming process. Compared with the case without adhesive, the surface wave of flange part of the hemming with adhesive is slightly larger.The normal force and the tangential force increase about 90 N and 30 N respectively, when the height increases by 1 cm. It provides an important basis for the accurate control of hemming trajectory and the improvement of manufacturing quality of autobody closure panels..
Physical Activity Coaching Implementation Among Physiotherapists and SCI Peer Mentors: Behavioural Determinants and Effects
Authors: Shu Hattie , Ginis Kathleen Martin , Levett Catherine Le Cornu , McBride Chris , Walden Kristen , Ma Jasmin
Published: August 2021

Background: The most profound drop in physical activity among people with spinal cord injury (SCI) is observed in the months following discharge from rehabilitation. The ProACTIVE SCI intervention has previously demonstrated large-sized effects on physical activity among people with SCI in the community setting. If implemented successfully during the transition from hospital to community setting, this intervention may help improve physical activity at a critical, yet understudied, timepoint for people with SCI. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of an implementation intervention on physical activity coaching behaviour and its determinants to inform future adaptation of the intervention for sustained implementation.Methods: This study employed a single group, pre-post design. The Knowledge to Action Framework supplemented by the Quality Implementation Framework were used to engage end-users in adapting the intervention and implementation process. The implementation intervention consisted of training (instructions, demonstration, behavioural practice, feedback), provision of educational resources, the addition of a physical activity prompt in patient discharge forms, and engagement of champions. The determinants of physical activity coaching were evaluated using a survey based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), administered before and immediately following training. Paired two-tailed t-tests were conducted to detect a significant within-subject effect over time on physical activity coaching determinants.Results: A total of ten participants attended training and completed the TDF survey. No significant differences were observed in any of the current physical activity coaching behaviours evaluated during the training period. However, participants reported significant improvements in physical activity coaching behavioural determinants including knowledge, skills, beliefs about capabilities, environmental context and resources, social influences, behavioural regulation, and memory, attention and decision processes (ps<0.05).Conclusions: Improvements in determinants signal the potential for changes in physical activity coaching behaviour. Determinant scores that remained low will be targeted to inform the ongoing adaptation of the implementation intervention. This study serves as an example of using the TDF, the Knowledge to Action Framework, and the Quality Implementation Framework to guide adaptation and implementation of an intervention.Trial Registration: U.S. National Library of Medicine, NCT04493606. Registered 29 July 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04493606
A rare MSH2 variant as a candidate marker for Lynch Syndrome II screening in Tunisia: A case of Diffuse Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Kabbage Maria , Aissa-Haj Jihenne Ben , Othman Houcemedine , Jaballah-Gabteni Amira , Laarayedh Sarra , Elouej Sahar , Medhioub Mouna , Tounsi Haifa , Khessiba Amal , Mahmoudi Moufida , BelFekih Houda , Maaloul Afifa , Touinsi Hassen , Hamzaoui Lamine , Chelbi Emna , Abdelhak Sonia , Boubaker Samir , Azzouz Moussadak
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND
Inherited syndromic forms of digestive cancers with age occurrence before 50 seem to be relatively in higher proportions in Tunisia suggesting genetic susceptibility. Several syndromic forms are known to predispose to early onset gastric tumors such as Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer (HDGC) and Lynch Syndrome (LS). LS II is an extracolonic cancer syndrome characterized by a tumor spectrum including gastric cancer (GC). In the current work, our main aim was to identify the mutational spectrum underlying the genetic predisposition to diffuse gastric tumors occurring in a Tunisian family suspected with both HDGC and LS II syndromes.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
The index case was a woman diagnosed with Diffuse Gastric Carcinoma (DGC) fulfilling the international guidelines for both HDGC and LSII syndromes. Genomic DNA was used for the search of CDH1 and CTNNA1 germ mutations. We performed, also a DNA repair custom panel targeting candidate genes recovering the four DNA repair systems. Structural bioinformatics analysis was conducted to predict the effect of the revealed mutations.
RESULTS
No deleterious variants have been identified neither in CDH1 nor in CTNNA1 coding and their flanking regions. DNA repair genes panel screening identified two variants: a rare MSH2 c.728G > A classified as a variant with uncertain significance and a novel FANCD2 variant c.1879G > T. The structural prediction model of MSH2 mutation and electrostatic potential calculation showed for the first time that MSH2 c.728G > A is likely pathogenic and is involved in the MSH2-MLH1 complex stability. This mutation appears to affect the MSH2-MLH1 complex as well as DNA-complex stability. The c.1879G > T FANCD2 variant was predicted to destabilize the protein structure.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results showed that MSH2 p.R243Q variant is likely pathogenic and is involved in the MSH2-MLH1 complex stability with a putative impact on the binding with MLH1 by disrupting the electrostatic potential suggesting the revision of its status from VUS to likely pathogenic. This variant seems to be a shared variant in Mediterranean region. These findings emphasize the importance of testing DNA repair genes for patients diagnosed with DGC with suspicion of LSII as well as colorectal cancer allowing better clinical surveillance for more personalized medicine.
Clinically Delivered Treatment for Glioma Patients on a Hybrid Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-Linear Accelerator (MR-Linac) and a Cone Beam CT (CBCT)-Guided Linac: Dosimetric Comparisons with In Vivo Skin Dose Correlation
Authors: Wang Michael H. , Kim Anthony , Ruschin Mark , Tan Hendrick , Soliman Hany , Myrehaug Sten , Detsky Jay , Husain Zain , Atenafu Eshetu G. , Keller Brian , Sahgal Arjun , Tseng Chia-Lin
Published: August 2021

Background

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-Linear Accelerator (MR-Linac) radiotherapy requires special consideration for secondary electron interactions within the magnetic field, which can alter dose deposition at air-tissue interfaces.
Methods

Thirty-seven consecutive glioma patients treated during their radiotherapy course with at least one fraction delivered on MR-Linac or Cone Beam CT (CBCT)-guided Linac, were analyzed. Treatment planning for both systems were completed prior to radiotherapy initiation and approved for clinical delivery using commercial treatment planning systems (TPS): a Monte Carlo calculation-based or convolution calculation-based TPS for MR-Linac or CBCT-Linac, respectively. Dosimetric parameters for planning target volume (PTV), organs-at-risk (OARs), and air-tissue interface were compared. In vivo skin dose during a single fraction of MR-Linac and CBCT-Linac treatment was measured using an Optically Stimulated Luminescent Dosimeter (OSLD) and correlated with TPS skin dose.
Results

Monte Carlo-based MR-Linac plans and convolution-based CBCT-Linac plans exhibited minimal differences in PTV and OAR parameters. However, MR-Linac plans had greater doses within tissues surrounding air cavities (1.52 Gy higher mean Dmean, p < 0.0001) and skin (1.10 Gy higher mean Dmean, p < 0.0001). In vivo OSLD skin readings were 14.5% greater for MR-Linac treatments (p = 0.0027), and were more accurately predicted by Monte Carlo-based calculation (ρ = 0.95, p < 0.0001) vs. convolution-based (ρ = 0.80, p = 0.0096).
Conclusions

The magnetic field’s dosimetric impact was minimal for PTV and OARs in glioma as compared to standard CBCT-Linac treatment plans. However, skin doses were significantly greater with the MR-Linac and correlated with in vivo measurements. Future MR-Linac planning processes are being designed to account for skin dosimetry and treatment delivery.
Parameters Identification of Nonlinear Lorenz Chaotic System and its Application to High Precision Model Reference Synchronization
Authors: Peng Chao-Chung , Li Yang-Rui
Published: August 2021

The Lorenz chaotic system synchronization has been a popular research topic in the last two decades. Most of the studies focus on the design of model reference adaptive control (MRAC) synchronization schemes. In the existing MRAC schemes, adaptive laws are designed to estimate the system parameters online. However, due to the system parameters being unknown, arbitrary selection results in a longer estimation period. Although applying large values of adaptive gains can increase the estimation convergence speed, it usually induces obvious estimation oscillations and large control efforts. On the contrary, small adaptive gains result in smooth but sluggish transient estimations. None of the studies addressed on the parameters estimation and its contribution to precise synchronization. To address this issue, two system identification schemes are presented. The first applied scheme is called observer/Kalman filter identification (OKID). The second one is called bilinear transform discretization (BTD). The related detail derivations for the Lorenz chaotic system parameter identification will be presented in this paper. Results show that the proposed BTD identification algorithm is relatively simple and computationally efficient. Moreover, highly precise parameter estimations can be achieved as well. Nevertheless, due to the complex nonlinearity of the chaotic system, it will be illustrated that even extremely small parameter deviations could lead to dramatic mismatch for the chaotic system model output prediction. To further solve this issue, a MRAC is further designed in which the initial guess of the system parameters is obtained through the proposed BTD identification algorithm. Since the identified parameters are already very close to the true value, smaller values of adaptive gains can be used. With the aid of the precise parameter identification, the transient dynamics and the convergence performance of the MARC are both improved significantly. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Research on Parallel Distributed Clustering Algorithm Applied to Milling Parameter Optimization
Authors: Wei Xudong , Sun Qingzhen , Liu Xianli , Yue Caixu , Liang Steven Y. , Wang Lihui
Published: August 2021

In the big data era, traditional data mining technology cannot meet the requirements of massive data processing with the background of intelligent manufacturing. Aiming at insufficient computing power and low efficiency in mining process, this paper proposes a improved K-means clustering algorithm based on the concept of distributed clustering in cloud computing environment. The improved algorithm (T.K-means) is combined with MapReduce computing framework of Hadoop platform to realize parallel computing, so as to perform processing tasks of massive data. In order to verify the practical performance of T.K-means algorithm, taking machining data of milling Ti-6Al-4V alloy as the mining object. The mapping relationship among milling parameters, surface roughness and material removal rate is mined, and the optimized value for milling parameters are obtained. The results show that T.K-means algorithm can be used to mine the optimal milling parameters, so that the best surface roughness can be obtained in milling Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy.
Single-nucleus lung transcriptomics and inflammatory responses in lethal COVID-19 reveal potential drugs in advanced-stage clinical trials
Authors: López-Cortés Andrés , Guerrero Santiago , Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Yumiceba Verónica , Vera-Gupi Antonella , Cáceres Ángela León , Simbaña-Rivera Katherine , Gómez-Jaramillo Ana María , Guevara-Ramírez Patricia , García-Cárdenas Jennyfer M. , Cabrera-Andrade Alejandro , Echeverría-Garcés Gabriela , Andrés Lourdes Puig San , Cevallos-Robalino Doménica , Bautista Jhommara , Armendáriz-Castillo Isaac , Pérez-Villa Andy , Abad-Sojos Andrea , Ramos-Medina María José , León-Sosa Ariana , Abarca Estefanía , Pérez-Meza Álvaro A. , Nieto-Jaramillo Karol , Jácome Andrea V. , Morillo Andrea , Arias-Erazo Fernanda , Fuenmayor-González Luis , Kyriakidis Nikolaos C
Published: August 2021

There is pressing urgency to identify drugs that allow treating COVID-19 patients effectively. Respiratory failure is the leading cause of death in patients with severe COVID-19, and the host inflammatory response at the lungs remains poorly understood. Therefore, we retrieved data from postmortem lungs from COVID-19 patients and performed in-depth in silico analyses of single-nucleus RNA sequencing data, inflammatory protein interactome network, functional enrichment, and shortest pathways to cancer hallmark phenotypes to reveal potential therapeutic targets and drugs in advanced-stage COVID-19 clinical trials. Herein, we analyzed transcriptomics data of 719 inflammatory response genes across 19 cell types (116,313 nuclei) from lung autopsies. The functional enrichment analysis of the 233 significantly expressed genes showed that the most relevant biological annotations were: inflammatory response, innate immune response, cytokine production, interferon production, macrophage activation, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, blood coagulation, IL-1 and megakaryocytes in obesity, NLRP3 inflammasome complex, and the TLR, JAK-STAT, NF-κB, TNF, oncostatin M, AGE-RAGE signaling pathways. Subsequently, we identified 34 essential inflammatory proteins with both high-confidence protein interactions and shortest pathways to inflammation, cell death, glycolysis, and angiogenesis. Lastly, we propose five small molecules involved in advanced-stage COVID-19 clinical trials: baricitinib, pacritinib, and ruxolitinib are tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 inhibitors, losmapimod is a MAP kinase p38 alpha inhibitor, and eritoran is a TLR4/MD-2 antagonist. After being thoroughly analyzed in COVID-19 clinical trials, these drugs can be considered for treating severe COVID-19 patients.
On the Study of Configuration and Kinematics of a 3-DOF Generalized Spherical Parallel Mechanism for Ankle Rehabilitation
Authors: zhang jianjun , yang shuai , liu chenglei , wang xiaohui , guo shijie
Published: August 2021

The kinematic equivalent model of the existing ankle rehabilitation robot is inconsistent with the anatomy structure of the human ankle, which will influence the rehabilitation effect . Therefore, this paper equivalent the human ankle to the UR model and proposes a novel 3-DOF generalized spherical parallel mechanism for ankle rehabilitation. The parallel mechanism has two spherical centers corresponding to the rotation center of the tibiotalar joint and subtalar joint. Via screw theory, the mobility of the parallel mechanism is analyzed, which meets the requirement of the human ankle. Its inverse kinematics is presented and singularities are identified based on the Jacobian matrix. The workspaces of the parallel mechanism are obtained by the search method and compared with the motion range of the human ankle, which shows that the parallel mechanism could meet the motion demand of ankle rehabilitation. In addition, on the basis of the motion/force transmissibility, the performance atlases are plotted in the parameter optimal design space and the optimum region is obtained according to the demands of practical application. The results show that the parallel mechanism can meet the motion requirements of ankle rehabilitation and have excellent kinematic performance in its rehabilitation range, which provides a theoretical basis for the prototype design and experiment verification.
Potential anti-tumor immune response mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in lymphomas: can the devil be converted into a boon?
Authors: Barh Debmalya , Tiwari Sandeep , Gomes Lucas Gabriel Rodrigues , Weener Marianna E. , Alzahrani Khalid J. , Alsharif Khalaf F. , Aljabali Alaa A. A. , Tambuwala Murtaza M. , Lundstrom Kenneth , Hassan Sk. Sarif , Serrano-Aroca Ángel , Takayama Kazuo , Ghosh Preetam , Redwan Elrashdy M. , Andrade Bruno Silva , Soares Siomar de Castro , Azevedo Vasco , Uversky Vladimir N.
Published: August 2021

Recently, two cases of complete remission of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) after SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported. However, the precise molecular mechanism of this rare event is yet to be understood. Here, we hypothesize a potential anti-tumor immune response of SARS-CoV-2 and based on computational approach show that (i) SARS-CoV-2 Spike-RBD may bind to extracellular domains of CD15, CD27, CD45, and CD152 receptors of cHL or FL, (ii) upon internalization, SARS-CoV-2 membrane (M) protein and Orf3a may bind to gamma-tubulin complex component 3 (GCP3) at its tubulin gamma-1 chain (TUBG1) binding site, (iii) M protein may also interact with TUBG1 blocking its binding to GCP3, (iv) both M and Orf3a may render the GCP2-GCP3 lateral binding where M possibly interacts with GCP2 at its GCP3 binding site and Orf3a to GCP3 at its GCP2 interacting residues, (v) interactions of M and Orf3a with these gamma-tubulin ring complex components potentially block the initial process of microtubule nucleation, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, (vi) Spike-RBD may also interact with and block PD-1 signaling similar to pembrolizumab and nivolumab like monoclonal antibodies and may induce B-cell apoptosis and remission, (vii) finally, the TRADD interacting PVQLSY motif of Epstein-Barr virus LMP-1, that is responsible for NF-kB mediated oncogenesis, potentially interacts with SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, nsp7, nsp10, and Spike proteins and may regulate the LMP-1 mediated cell proliferation. Taken together, our results suggest a possible therapeutic potential of SARS-CoV-2 in proliferative disorders.
Does De-Implementation of Low Value Care Impact the Patient-Clinician Relationship? A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Rockwell Michelle S. , Michaels Kenan C. , Epling John W.
Published: August 2021

Background: The importance of reducing low-value care (LVC) is increasingly recognized, but the impact of de-implementation on the patient-clinician relationship is not well understood. This mixed-methods study explored the impact of LVC de-implementation on the patient-clinician relationship. Methods: Adult primary care patients from a large Virginia health system volunteered to participate in a survey (n=232) or interview (n=24). Participants completed the Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire (PDRQ-9) after reading a vignette about a clinician declining to provide a low-value service: antibiotics for acute sinusitis (LVC-antibiotics); screening EKG (LVC-EKG); screening vitamin D test (LVC-vitamin D); or a comparison vignette about a high-value service, and imagining that their own primary care clinician had acted in the same manner. A different sample of participants was asked to imagine that their own primary care clinician did not order LVC-antibiotics or LVC-EKG and then respond to semi-structured interview questions. Outcomes data included participant demographics, PDRQ-9 scores (higher score = greater relationship integrity), and content analysis of transcribed interviews. Differences in PDRQ-9 scores were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Data were integrated for analysis and interpretation. Results: Although participants generally agreed with the vignette narrative (not providing LVC), many demonstrated difficulty comprehending the broad concept of LVC and potential harms. The topic triggered memories of negative experiences with healthcare (typically poor-quality care, not necessarily LVC). The most common recommendation for reducing LVC was for patients to take greater responsibility for their own health. Most participants believed that their relationship with their clinician would not be negatively impacted by not receiving the described service because they trusted their clinician’s guidance. Participants emphasized that trusted clinicians are those who listen to them, spend time with them, and offer understandable advice. Some felt that not providing LVC would actually increase their trust in their clinician. Similar PDRQ-9 scores were observed for LVC-antibiotics (38.9), LVC-EKG (37.5), and the comparison vignette (36.4), but LVC-vitamin D was associated with a significantly lower score (31.2) (p<0.05). Conclusions: Findings suggest minimal impact of LVC de-implementation on the patient-clinician relationship, although service-specific differences may exist. Further research on enhancing patient trust through LVC de-implementation is needed.
ENO1 Inhibits Apoptosis and Promotes Cell Invasion and Proliferation in Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Zhang Kun , Tian Ruoxi , Zhang Wancong , Li Yishuai , Zeng Ning , Liang Yan , Tang Shijie
Published: August 2021

Introduction

The glycolytic enzyme, α-Enolase (ENO1), catalyzes the production of phosphoenolpyruvate from 2-phosphoglycerate, which enhances glycolysis, and thus contributes to tumor progression. In the present study, we aimed to determine ENO1’s role in malignant melanoma (MM) and the potential underlying mechanism.
Methods

Western blotting was used to assess the levels of ENO1, c-Myc, β-catenin, MMP-9, PGAM1, and MMP-13 in MM-derived cell lines or tumor tissues from patients with MM. Plasmids pCMV-SPORT6-ENO1 and pET-28a-ENO1siRNA plasmids were used to overexpress and knockdown ENO1 in MM cells, respectively. To determine the function of ENO1 in the malignant behavior of MM cells, we performed wound healing, Cell counting kit 8, Transwell chamber, and flow cytometry analyses. Pyruvate determination and lactic acid kits were used to evaluate the production of pyruvate and lactic acid in tumor cells.
Results

The protein levels of ENO1 and PGAM1 in MM tissue were significantly higher than that in mole tissue. In MM cells, ENO1 overexpression inhibited apoptosis; promoted invasion, migration, and proliferation; increased pyruvate and lactate production; and increased in β-catenin, MMP-9, MMP-13, and c-Myc levels. The opposite effects were observed in MM cells silenced for ENO1.
Conclusion

These results indicated that ENO1 is involved in MM progression by enhancing invasion and proliferation, while inhibiting apoptosis. In addition, ENO1 might have an important function in tumor cell glycolysis. Therefore, ENO1 represents a potential therapeutic target to treat MM.
Peacekeeping: The Role of Police in Peshawar Pakistan from 2013-2018
Authors: Ullah Shafi , Hussain Altaf
Published: August 2021

Peacekeeping role is an important factor for the society and the people what lives under it accordingly. It has been there for centuries this think and phenomena to persuade people for their desire and their duty to be fully utilized. This is the active maintenance of a truce between nations or communities, especially by an international military force but in this perspective the military force are considered the POLICE. Peacekeeping comprises activities intended to create conditions that favour lasting peace. Research generally finds that peacekeeping reduces civilian and battlefield deaths and reduces the risk of renewed warfare. There are a range of various types of operations encompassed in peacekeeping such as Observation Missions, Interpositional Missions, Multidimensional missions and Peace enforcement Missions. Even though within the United Nations (UN) group of nation-state governments and organizations, there is a general understanding that at the international level, peacekeepers monitor and observe peace processes in post-conflict areas, and may assist ex-combatants in implementing peace agreement commitments that they have undertaken. In this research, the role of peacekeeping in Peshawar has been conducted as year wise from 2013–2018. This shows about five years gape and also reveals that how much changes have been done since then and now. Challenges and difficulties have been analyzed that Police have face in last 5 years. The role of peacekeeping has been examined in last 5 years and then these are evaluated with the contrast of the existing situations. From this study different types of results have been generated and portrayed in tables and graphs. For the purpose of investigating good work and the evaluation of peacekeeping perspectives and related methodologies have been conducted in which the important and key factors have shown that have a huge impact on peacekeeping role in society building.
Kann Google Glass® den Arbeitsablauf peripherer endovaskulärer Interventionen verbessern? : eine Pilotstudie mit Google Glass® im Rahmen einer Virtual Reality Simulation
Authors:   , Kaczmarek Dennis
Published: August 2021

Background. The intention of this study was to evaluate whether data transmission during peripheral endovascular interventions can be realized by a voice controlled optical head mounted display and to see whether it improves the overall procedural performance. Methods. We used the Google Glass® Explorer Edition in conjunction with a custom Glass App, making preexisting imaging files accessible by voice commands. 40 medical students in their 5th year of medical school were randomized into two groups. Each subject got the task to perform a PTA of the superficial femoral artery on a high- fidelity-VR-simulator (ANGIO-Mentor®, 3D Systems). While Group A obtained typical information from an additional monitor, Group B used Google Glass® to bring the particular information to their attention by a special voice command. The objective evaluation was carried out by using a standardized evaluation protocol including the performance in dichotomous nominal scale and the required time for each task. At the end of the simulation each participant had to fill in a questionnaire using a typical 5-level Likert scaling for subjective evalution. Results. A maximum score of 10 points was achievable. The median found in Group A and Group B was at 9 points with non-significant deviations (p = 0,91). The individual procedure time was between 12 and 14 minutes. Group B using Google Glass® was significantly slower by 1:07 minutes (p = 0,01) on average mostly due to technical difficulties with the prototype App. Focusing on the transfer of simple information our study proved Google Glass® to be faster or at least equivalent compared to a conventional setting of monitors. In this context 92.5% considered the digitization of daily clinical practice as useful. 17 of 20 participants (85%) perceived the handling of Google Glass® as easy to very easy. All participants shared the opinion that augmented reality could be useful during peripheral interventions in the cathlab. Conclusions. Google Glass® was only marginally inferior to conventional catheter laboratory monitoring with regard to procedural time and did not impede workflow during a simulated PTA of the superficial femoral artery. Moreover, some tasks were performed significantly faster by using Google Glass®. Our study revealed technical difficulties with the accuracy of voice recognition and quality of imaging on Google Glass®. We expect that after overcoming those technical problems, cathlab workflow during endovascular interventions could be improved by using an optical head mounted display.
Nutritional support and rehabilitation in intensive care units for elderly and senile patients. Review
Authors: Pasechnik Igor N. , Zakrevsky A. I.
Published: August 2021

Introduction. The general aging of the population, which has been observed over the past two decades, leads to an increase in the number of elderly and senile patients hospitalized in intensive care units. The results of treatment of elderly patients are worse in comparison with younger patients due to the presence of comorbid pathology, including the syndrome of senile asthenia. The leading manifestation of the latter is nutritional insufficiency and sarcopenia. In the conditions of hypermetabolism-hypercatabolism, there is a progressive decrease in muscle mass, which worsens the results of treatment and increases its cost.
Objectives. To show the need for a comprehensive approach in the treatment of elderly and senile patients in critical conditions on the basis of nutritional support and rehabilitation measures.
Materials and methods. Out of more than 250 initially selected literature sources from various databases (Scopus, Web of science, RSCI, etc.), 52 sources were left for analysis, mainly for the last 5 years, and earlier publications were used while maintaining their relevance for clinicians.
Results. The review presents data on the nutritional support of elderly and senile patients, taking into account the development of sarcopenia and anabolic resistance. It is emphasized that in order to prevent a decrease in muscle mass in such patients, it may be necessary to prescribe an increased amount of protein. In addition, nutritional support should be combined with rehabilitation activities.
Conclusions. Modern approaches to the management of elderly and senile patients should take into account the presence of pronounced comorbid pathology and sarcopenia. The current recommendations on nutrition are developed without taking into account the age of patients. In patients with initial sarcopenia and progressive loss of muscle mass, the need for protein increases. The effectiveness of nutritional support increases with the inclusion of dosed physical activity and physical therapy in a comprehensive rehabilitation program.
ETUDE DE QUELQUES CARACTERISTIQUES MORPHOBIOMETRIQUES DE LA RACE LADOUM DU SENEGAL
Authors:   Institut Senegalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA) Centre de Recherches Zootechniques (CRZ) de Dahra, BP 53, Linguere, Senegal., Falou Diack ,   Departement de Biologie Animale, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD), BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal., El Hadji Traore ,   Institut Senegalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Laboratoire national de lelevage et de recherches veterinaires., Yakhya El Hadji Thior ,   Institut Superieur de Formation Agricole et Rurale, Universite Alioune Diop (UAD) de Bambey, BP 37 Bambey, Senegal., Cheikhou Gueye ,   Departement de Biologie Animale, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD), BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal., Mbacke Sembene ,   Departement de Biologie Animale, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD), BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal., Matar Seck ,   Departement de Biologie Animale, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD), BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal.
Published: August 2021

The study has been realized in tree (3) regions (Dakar, Thies, and Diourbel) in Senegal in order to characterize the breed of sheep called Ladoum in urban areas. The datas are collected in twenty-nine (29) herds from specific observations, descriptions and measurements and focused on: the coast color distribution, the pendants, the hornes wearing, in males and females and the sexual effets on the variations of the high at the withers (HW) and the thoraxtic perimeter (TP). The collected informations have been treated with Excel and the software R Studio. The Ladoum breed appears with a pallet of eight (8) coasts .However three (3) coats are worn in important way by this breed (more than 10% of presence) .They are white coats with black taints, white uniform, and white with black slab. For the Ladoum breed 98.61% of individual are without pendants .That means that the breed is without or a less presence of pendants.The Ladoum females hold strongly hornes (81.61% of the animals) against 17.39% of aceres females.Males are always horned to 100% and our results show an average of 35.8cm of hornes length .The Ladoum adult males have a high average at the withers (HW)of 104.1 Â± 6.17cm and the females 97.1 Â± 6.17cm. For the thoraxtic perimeter (TP) variable the average is of 116.1cm for the males and of 105.5cm for the females. The differences observed between the males and the females for the variables (HW) and (TP) are very meaningful (P<0.001) In the Ladoums males and females show very important and meaningful differences and very marked sexual dimorphism.
NOVEL TOPICAL, REGIONAL & TRANSDERMAL DOSAGE FORMS USING NANOTECHNOLOGY: A REVIEW
Authors:   Pharmacy Department, San Pedro College, Davao City, Philippines., Fatima May R. Tesoro , Erwin M. Faller ,   Graduate School, Centro Escolar University, Manila, Philippines.
Published: August 2021

Purpose: To summarize main findings of topical or transdermal preparation delivered in the skin or eye region using novel nano-technology. Method: Narrative review of all relevant papers from peer reviewed and high impact journals. Results: The delivery system of pharmaceutical preparations for skin and eyes are now elevated to novel aerosolized gels, foams, sprays and other forms that are delivered using nano-pharmaceutical dynamics such as Ag nanoparticles,impregnated urethanes, liposomes, nanoemulsions,polymers and nanopolymers. And these trends provide elevation from benefits and limitations of conventional systems such as enhanced spread and permeation, better bioavailability, prolonged efficacy, reduced toxicity and superior stability. Conclusion: An improved delivery system was made possible by novel discoveries using nano-technology. More and more studies in pharmaceutics are centered on using this technological dynamics to formulate and reformulate drugs that are delivered topically or transdermally.
COMPOUNDS FROM PEPPER FLOWERS AND FRUITS AS POTENTIAL ATTRACTANTS FOR THE CAPTURE OF PEPPER WEEVIL
Authors:   Colegio de Postgraduados, Entomology and AcarologyDepartment, 56230 Montecillo, Texcoco, Mexico., Fernando Bautista-Hernandez Carlos , Cibrian-Tovar Juan ,   Colegio de Postgraduados, Entomology and AcarologyDepartment, 56230 Montecillo, Texcoco, Mexico., Cesar Velazquez-Gonzalez Julio ,   Koppert Mexico, Research and DevelopmentDepartment, 76246, Queretaro, Queretaro, Mexico., Guillermo Moreno-Chavez Juan ,   Junta Local de Sanidad Vegetal del Altiplano Centro de San Luis PotosÃƒÂ­, 78940, Villa de Arista, San Luis PotosÃƒÂ­, Mexico.
Published: August 2021

Two field experiments were conducted to evaluate synthetic attractants derived from pepper flowers, flower buds and fruits, alone or in combination with the aggregation pheromone. The evaluation was carried out with the release and recapture of Anthonomus eugenii adults at different distances from the four cardinal points in separate trials. The volatility of the synthetic mixture and aggregation pheromone was determined by gas chromatographic analysis of the volatiles captured by dynamic headspace. The traps with synthetic mixture and essential oil captured insects at 10 m, while the aggregation pheromone trapped up to 60 m. The combination of synthetic mixture or essential oil with the aggregation pheromone did not increase the number of recaptures compared to the single pheromone. The synthetic mixture together with geranic acid recaptured adults up to 15 m, although they were not significantly different from the control. The exclusion of geranic acid from the aggregation pheromone significantly reduced the number of recaptured insects (P<0.05), while geranic acid alone failed to capture weevils. The results could be improved by increasing the concentrations of the compounds or by adding other compounds released during the reproductive stages of pepper. These results could guide future efforts for the development of tools based on synthetic plant volatiles for the monitoring of this pest.
SYNDROME DE MECKEL GRUBER: A PROPOS DUN CAS RARE
Authors:   Resident, Service de maternite,Hopital Mere-Enfant Abderrahim Harouchi, centre hospitalier universitaireIBN ROCHD,faculte de medecine et de pharmacie ,Universite Hassan 2 Casablanca., Ouafidi B. , Wajih O. ,   Resident, Service de maternite,Hopital Mere-Enfant Abderrahim Harouchi, centre hospitalier universitaireIBN ROCHD,faculte de medecine et de pharmacie ,Universite Hassan 2 Casablanca., Elmiski F. ,   Resident, Service de maternite,Hopital Mere-Enfant Abderrahim Harouchi, centre hospitalier universitaireIBN ROCHD,faculte de medecine et de pharmacie ,Universite Hassan 2 Casablanca., Kiram H. ,   Resident, Service de maternite,Hopital Mere-Enfant Abderrahim Harouchi, centre hospitalier universitaireIBN ROCHD,faculte de medecine et de pharmacie ,Universite Hassan 2 Casablanca., Jalal M. ,   Professeur assistant, Service de maternite,Hopital Mere-Enfant Abderrahim Harouchi, centre hospitalier universitaireIBN ROCHD,faculte de medecine et de pharmacie ,Universite Hassan 2 Casablanca., Lamrissi A. ,   Professeur assistant, Service de maternite,Hopital Mere-Enfant Abderrahim Harouchi, centre hospitalier universitaireIBN ROCHD,faculte de medecine et de pharmacie ,Universite Hassan 2 Casablanca., Fichtali K. ,   Professeur agrege, Service de maternite,Hopital Mere-Enfant Abderrahim Harouchi, centre hospitalier universitaireIBN ROCHD,faculte de medecine et de pharmacie ,Universite Hassan 2 Casablanca., Bouhya S. ,   Chef de service Service de maternite,Hopital Mere-Enfant Abderrahim Harouchi, centre hospitalier universitaireIBN ROCHD,faculte de medecine et de pharmacie ,Universite Hassan 2 Casablanca.
Published: August 2021

Meckel-Gruber syndrome is a monogenic congenital disorder characterized by occipital encephalocele, polydactyly, and polycystic kidneys. This syndrome is incompatible with life. We report a case diagnosed on fetal ultrasound at a gestational age of 22 SA and 6 days, presenting the clinical triad of Meckel-Gruber syndrome. A medical termination of the pregnancy was indicated. From this rare case, and through a review of the literature, we will discuss the different clinical, ultrasound and prognostic aspects of this rare pathology.
IMPLICATIONS AND POTENTIAL ROLE OF HUMAN TELOMERASE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE (HTERT) IN BLADDER CARCINOGENESIS
Authors:   Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, J & K, India., Anwar Iqra ,   School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur Rajasthan, India., Manzoor Usma ,   Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, J & K, India., A. Pandith Arshad ,   Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, J & K, India., S. Wani Mohammad ,   Department of Urology and kidney transplant, SKIMS, Srinagar, J & K, India., Godha Meena ,   School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur Rajasthan, India., A. Shah Zafar ,   Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar, J & K, India.
Published: August 2021

Bladder cancer is a heterogeneous disease and ranks as 10th most common cancer worldwide. Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common histologic type of BC and majority constitute of papillary tumors that are well-differentiated (low-grade). Several genetic changes may occur in bladder cancer, but hTERT promoter mutations and its expression has been detected in most cases of transitional cell carcinoma. Numerous researches have led to the findings which suggest that the hTERT promoter mutations in conjunction with the common polymorphism and hTERT expression have potential of being used as clinical biomarkers in bladder cancer. Further studies need to explore the potential use of hTERT gene in bladder cancer detection, diagnosis and prognosis. This review focuses on the role of hTERT in bladder tumors in the backdrop of various studies published.
COMPETENCIAS DOCENTES EN LA APLICACION DE ESTRATEGIASDE INTERVENCION DE AULA DURANTE EL PROCESO DE ENSENANZA-APRENDIZAJE PARA UNA EDUCACION INCLUSIVA Y CON CALIDAD: RESULTADOS PRELIMINARES
Authors:   Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, UNINI., Jones Soutt Vilma
Published: August 2021

Despite the fact that in recent years there has been much talk of the topic of inclusion in education in Costa Rica, there are still concerns and complaints by teachers of regular education with respect to the lack of information and guidelines that clarify their responsibilities in the process of inclusion. To attend to pupils with or without special educational needs in the regular classroom, it is a great challenge for these because it must comply with the curricular goals proposed, and implemented, various methodological strategies for a curriculum management of quality that, at times, is affected by the collective diversity. Therefore, with the aim of analyzing the competencies of teachers in the implementation of intervention strategies in the classroom during the teaching-learning process for an inclusive and quality education in the educational system of Costa Rica, an investigation was made of mixed approach, with the participation of 385 teachers of I - II Cycle, III Cycle, and Education Diversified belonging to public institutions. Between the preliminary results quantitative has been able to identify that 85% of the teachers agree that the use of alternative activities level of complexity is appropriate for the students progress in the development of their skills, also a 92% also state that to apply methodological strategies adapted for the pedagogical mediation depending on the skills, promotes inclusive practices.