bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Research on Job Satisfaction for Employees in Jiangxi
Authors: Guo Xiao Hong , Li Xiao Hong
Published: July 2011

Job satisfaction is a pleasurable motional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job or job experiences. It is so important to job performance. The research give an investigation to employees in Nanchang, using factor analysis to identify the job satisfaction of the four dimensions include: work itself, pay, policy and interpersonal relationship. Than we use this model to compare the job satisfaction from gender, age and education level. The statistical results are as follow: (1) Females’ satisfaction with work itself, company policy, interpersonal relationship and pay satisfaction are all higher than male, but there are no significant differences between male and female. (2) the age above 35 are more satisfied with their job, the means of work itself, policy, interpersonal relationship, pay and total satisfaction are more higher than the age under 35. Especially, there are significant different about work itself, interpersonal relationship and pay satisfaction between the age above 35 and under 35. (3) It has no significant different job satisfaction between low education level people and high education level people.
Evaluate the Efficiency of Fenton Oxidation and the Coagulant Aids in Fenton-Flocculation Process
Authors: Liu Xin Liang , Ouyang Chang Li , Bai Yun Xia , Song Hai Nong , Wang Shuang Fei
Published: July 2011

Fenton-flocculation process as one of effective the advanced oxidation treatments was widely used and studied. In this paper, the efficiency of Fenton oxidation was evaluated by the velocity ratio of CODcr decreased to Fenton reagent consumed. The coagulant aids, PAC and PAM, were canalized by CODcr removal rate, transmittance of the supernatant, the flocculation ratio and sludge settling ratio in Fenton-flocculation process. As the results shown, comparing with flocculation by Fenton reagent, transmittance of the supernatant and flocculating ratio can reach 50% and 80% respectively. The optimal dosage of coagulant aids is PAC 60 mg/L or PAM 4mg/L. The efficiency of Fenton oxidation is decreased but not be increased by adding more Fenton reagent in the advanced treatment of waste water.
The Analysis of Water-Soluble Ions and Inorganic Elements in Atmospheric Particulates, Chancheng, Foshan, China
Authors: Liu Yong Hong , Zhang Wu Ying , Xu Wei Jia , Wang Cheng , Zhu Qian Ru
Published: July 2011

This paper investigated the concentrations of the water-soluble ions (e.g. SO42-, NO3- )and the inorganic elements in the atmospheric particulate, Chancheng, Foshan, China. The samples were collected on the roof of Liangtang Urban Air Automatic Monitoring Station, Chancheng, Foshan, in September and December, 2009. The NO3-/SO42- ratios of the PM10 in September and December are 0.20 and 0.62 respectively, but these of the PM2.5 in September and December are 0.14 and 0.36, respectively. It is clearly that the air pollution in Chancheng, Foshan is mainly from stationary source. The concentrations of the PM2.5 and PM10 in September are great lower than these in December. The concentrations of SO42- in atmospheric particulate, Chancheng, Foshan were nearly same for September and December, but the concentration of NO3- in September is considerable lower than that of December. It probably related to the weather conditions in September e.g. high temperature, high humidity and strong solar radiation, those are conducive to the photochemical reaction of SO2 to form SO42-, also conducive to the volatilization of the NO3-. The percentages of Ca, Al, Fe, K in the inorganic elements of atmospheric particulate ranged from 10 wt% to 20 wt%, so these elements were the major components of the atmospheric particulate. The results showed that the enrichment factors of Cu, Pb, Zn in atmospheric particulates, Chancheng, Foshan were >50, indicating highly enrichment and pollution level V.
The Dynamic and Leaching Study of Gold in Treated Sludge from Nonferrous Metal Smelting Waste Water
Authors: Guan Hong Liang , Yu Xun Min , Li Qing Xin
Published: July 2011

Copper anode sludge was a byproduct produced during the refinery of copper. The sludge contained amount of noble metals and rare metals, and also was an important resources for recovering noble metals. In this paper, ammonium thiocyante was used as leaching reagent for extracting gold from arsenic-free anode sludge (secondary sludge). Under the optical conditions, the leaching efficiency was up to 85.1%, while the dynamic behavior of gold leaching was studied, the activation energy of the system Eα=20.093kJ•mol-1, and reaction velocity constant k=4.084e-20093/RT. The treatment of copper sludge could greatly reduce the potential contamination to the environment.
Study on the Surface Flow Constructed Wetland Wastewater Treatment of Furfural Wastewater
Authors: Peng Ju Wei , Han Xiang Kui
Published: July 2011

According to the characteristics of furfural wastewater, by production enterprises located in low-lying saline land transformed into a surface flow constructed wetlands, the waste water in the wetland approach to natural consumption, no efflux, treated waste water equal to the wetland wastewater by natural evaporation, plant transpiration and plant storage Volume. Research show that, after wetland treatment the wastewater COD removal rate to an average of 94%, TN removal rate to an average of 65%, PH value of treated wastewater is 6.22, the use of surface flow constructed wetland wastewater treatment is feasible ecological processing technology for furfural.
Plant Invasions in China: What Can we Learn from the Checklists of Alien Invasive Plants during 1998-2008?
Authors: Feng Jian Meng , Nan Ren Yong , Zhang Zhao
Published: July 2011

To enhance our understanding on plant invasions in China, we conducted a comparative study of the checklists of the alien invasive plants in China published during 1998-2008. Our results showed that species diversity of the invasive plants in China was relatively small, in consideration of the huge flora and diverse habitats in China. The results also indicated that there was a big turnover of species composition among the seven checklists. The fast-growth of species diversity of alien invasive plants during 1998-2008 and the exponentially increasing trend confirmed the early warnings. There was an increasing trend observed on those from Asia and Africa from 1998-2008. We suggested that extensive and intensive communication was pressingly needed among ecologists, taxonomists and authors of the checklists. The establishment of the checklist of alien invasive plants with high reliability and timely maintenance, which can accommodate the rapid turnover of the invaders, was one of the chief tasks in the research of plant invasions in China.
Treatment of Textile Dye Wastewater by Electrocoagulation Method
Authors: Wang Xin , Su Dan , Li Hai Bo
Published: July 2011

Electrocoagulation method for textile dye wastewater treatment was investigated in this study. Results show that electrocoagulation can be used powerfully and effectively in organic matter degradation of textile industrial wastewater, where the extent of COD removal and decolorization are achieved about 75.45% and 84.62% after 25 minutes, respectively. pH for textile dye wastewater ascended higher than that of raw wastewater and temperature increased with electrolysis time. GC-MS spectra suggest that organic pollutants in textile dye wastewater are effectively oxidized and decomposed by direct current electrolysis. In addition, the quality of the upper layer liquid after electrolysis nearly meets the criteria of Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Dyeing and Finishing of Textile Industry (GB4287-92) of China.
Study of Polcyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Distribution and their Origination in the Soil of Beihu Area, China
Authors: Hu Li Song , He Guang Hui , Liu Xi Wen , Wang Yan
Published: July 2011

In this paper, 34 soil samples was collected in Beihu Lake area in Wuhan, Hubei province for determination of 16 types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in order to study the residues of persistent organic pollutants in soil of Beihu area, GC-MS, as well as a detection method called EPA8080A, was used to detect these PAHs, including Naphthalene, Acenaphthylene, Acenaphthene, Fluorene, Phenanthrene, Anthracene, Fluoranthene, Pyrene, Benzo(a)anthracene, Chrysene, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(k)fluoranthene, Benzo(a)pyrene, Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene and Benzo(g,hi)perylene. The result showed that PAHs could be found in all the samples, and the average residue of PAHs was 4114.2 ng/g. The coefficient of variation was 0.98, which indicated a greater dispersion. The pollution was more serious in the specified district than other domestic and foreign area. The ratio of specific PAHs demonstrated that they mainly came from combustion process and then fall to the surface by means of atmospheric deposition, thus, the departments concerned should strengthen or improve the use of fuel.
Fate and Transport of Pathogens of Reclaimed Water in Floatation System
Authors: Dou Pei Qian , Sun Chun Bao
Published: July 2011

Reclaimed water contains a mass of pathogenic microorgansims, one of the main concerns for reclaimed water reuse is the microbiological water quality and thereby the possibility of spreading diseases. In recent years, most researches focused on deep treatment of waste water. However, few studies have considered variation mechanism and transport of pathogenic microorgansims in different environment .With the more and more application of reclaimed water in mining field, we should pay more attention to hygienic safety. The inactivation by temperature, grinding, flotation reagents and adsorption of pathogens with mineral particulates are of particular importance in determining pathogens transport and distribution. Consequently, based on a synthetical pathogenic microorgansims index, study should center on the effect of floatation environment and floatation process on survive of pathogenic microorgansims and variations mechanism; the fate, temporal and spatial distribution of pathogenic microorgansims in floatation system; transport disciplinarian of pathogen in floatation process. The result of this study provides a basis and technical advice for reclaimed water safety renovation and wastewater treatment technology.
The Treatment of Synthetic Organic Wastewater in a Novel Internal Circulation Impinging Stream Biofilm Reactor
Authors: Li Guo Chao , Chen Jie , Yu Sheng Lu , Yang Tao , Sun Jian Qi
Published: July 2011

An Internal Circulation Impinging Stream Biofilm Reactor (ICISBR) was developed and used for treatment synthetic organic wastewater with corncob as biofilm carriers. Effects of COD loading rates and aeration rates on COD removal and DO contents were investigated. COD removal efficiency increased together with effluent COD with increasing COD loading rates. As the aeration rate was increased, the DO content also increased together with COD removal efficiency up to an optimum aeration rate of 0.3m3h-1. Beyond this optimum aeration rate a significant decrease in DO content and COD removal efficiency were experienced. This study could provide theoretic basis for the ICISBR treating organic wastewater.
Analysis on Supervision System of Dairy Public Safety in China
Authors: Hao Xiao Yan , Qi Pei Xiao
Published: July 2011

The dairy industry has become an important industry for increasing employment and peasants' income and optimizing agricultural structure, but the dairy public safety events frequently broke out. This paper firstly introduced the situation of dairy development and comprehensively analyzed the dairy public safety supervision system in China from supervision agencies and system, particularly from the dairy industry policies, laws and regulations, industry technical standards and quality-control system. The results showed that China’s dairy public safety is facing several outstanding problems such as unclear functions of public safety supervision departments, imperfect policies and laws, lack of testing methods and inspection standards, backward technical standards and so on. Finally, some policy-recommendations were put forward.
Influence of Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen of Soil under Different Plant Communities in Central Yunnan
Authors: Shi Jian Hua , Meng Guang Tao , Li Pin Rong , He Li Ping
Published: July 2011

By the field investigation and laboratory analysis methods, through research the characteristics of SOC, TN in soil of mixed Pine and Quercus, Nepalensis, Bayberry bushes, Pinus Yunnanensis and Abandoned Land in central Yunnan. It resulted that different plant communities took little impact on the soil physical properties, besides the soil moisture was remarkable, the bulk density and soil porosity effect is not prominent. The content of nutrients in different plant communities shows that vegetation abundant soil is more rich than vegetation sparse soils, and in 0~10 ㎝ SOC and TN content is higher than in 10~20 ㎝. Then by the study the C: N ratio in the soil, it showed that relative to the accumulation of TN, different communities in favour of the process SOC accumulation. The C: N ratio as follows: Abandoned land > Pinus Yunnanensis > mixed Pine and Quercus > Bayberry bushes > Nepalensis, so that revealed the ratio of C and N take negative correlation with their decomposition rate.
Fermentation Properties of Waste Activated Sludge in an Enriched NO3--N System
Authors: Tang Wei , Peng Yong Zhen , Zhang Liang Chang , Wang Shu Ying
Published: July 2011

In this research, NO3--N was added into the typical sludge anaerobic fermentation (TAF) of waste activated sludge (WAS), creating an anoxic environment for the growth of denitrifiers, as well as the inhibition of methanogens, therefore to insure the operation of simultaneous anoxic fermentation and denitrification (SAFD) system. Compared to TAF, SAFD can utilize the endogenous carbon source of WAS to denitrification, which achieved higher sludge reduction. Results showed that the SS, VSS in SAFD was reduced by 63.8% and 74.7%, respectively, which is obviously higher than that of 36.7% and 47.6% in TAF. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in TAF reached the top with propionic acid as dominant component in the mid-period of the fermentation; whereas that in SAFD was preferred by acetic acid in the late period. Evidenced by the variation of TN, NH4+-N and NO3--N, SAFD own a significant ability in denitrification, while the protein conversion appeared to be continuously low in this system.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Zn(II) Coordination Polymer Material
Authors: Wang Li Hua
Published: July 2011

In order to synthesize a new catalysis material, the title complex, [Zn(2,2’-bipyridine)(H2O)2(SO4)]n, was prepared and determined by X-ray diffraction. The results shows that the compound was crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c, with a = 15.4304(14) Å, b = 12.7150(11) Å, c = 6.7068(5) Å, β = 102.103(10)º, V = 1286.61(19) Å3, Z = 4. The geometry of Zn(II) is a distorted cis-ZnN2O4 octahedron. In the structure of the title complex, a one-dimensional chain structure is formed by hydrogen-bond.
Preparation and X-Ray Crystal Structure of Layered Ca(II) Complex Material
Authors: Tai Xi Shi
Published: July 2011

A novel Ca(II) complex material was prepared by reaction of O-nitrobenzaldehyde- 3-amino-benzenesulfonic acid with Ca(ClO4)2, and characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction method. The analytical results shows that the Ca(II) complex was crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/c, with a = 17.515(10) Å, b = 7.019(4) Å, c = 13.853(8) Å, β = 104.855(10) º, V = 1646.3(17) Å3, Z = 2. The geometry of Ca(II) is a slightly distorted dodecahedrall geometry. In the crystal packing, the complex molecules form layered structure by the π-π packing interaction, and the molecules form a one-dimensional chain structure by hydrogen bonds.
Evaluation of the Preparation Technology on Chitosan-Gelatin Microcarrier by Orthogonal Design
Authors: Ye Lei , Ding Shu , Cui Yuan Lu , Wang Qiang Song , Zhang Ye
Published: July 2011

This article presents the optimization of process parameters in chitosan-gelatin composite microcarriers preparation based on multi-index test breakdown formula evaluation combined with orthogonal array. In this study, the concentration of crosslinker solution, the concentration of water phase and stirring speed were considered as controllable factors, and three levels for each of these factors were selected, in an L9 orthogonal array. The optimal levels of the process parameters were determined through the range analysis and the relative importance among the process parameters were identified through analysis of variance. According to the evaluations of particle size, morphological analysis, compressibility, and equilibrium swelling from the nine different sets, the optimum combinations for microcarriers preparation were showed as: the concentration of crosslinker solution:0.5% (wt/v), the concentration of water phase:5% (wt/v) and stirring speed:240 rpm.
Study on Spatial Variability of Soil Characteristics on Different Land Use Types Based on Land Parcel Scale - A Case Study in Kenli County
Authors: Liu Ning , Guo Bin , Li Xin Ju , Zhao Yao Lun , Wang Xin Gang
Published: July 2011

Soil characteristics spatial variability is one of the important attributes of soil, while land use is the most universal, the most direct and the most profound factor which affect soil quality. In this study, by the land statistics analysis of the soil characteristic in Kenli County, we study the spatial variability of soil characteristics on different land use types and the reasons for these variations produced. Research found that land use type has profound effect on soil characteristics in Kenli County. Different land parcel, different soil or terrain and different management measures can make it cause different variation structure.
Research on Pattern Recognition Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Wang Yong Lin , Liu Yan , Che Sheng Bing
Published: July 2011

BP neural network has strong fault-tolerant and adaptive learning capacity, so it is widely used in pattern recognition. Based on the classic BP neural network, parameters of the BP algorithm has been optimized, which achieved a classification based on the improved BP neural network algorithm. By discussing the use of BP neural network in the application of pattern classification recognition, this paper detailedly studies the recognition effect of various parameters. Experimental results show that the improved algorithms has very good practical value.
A New Vision of Evil System
Authors: Yeh Wei Ming
Published: July 2011

In Japan, since 2009 many camera manufactures, have focused a tiny but important device: a new generation viewfinder in all digital camera, not only in consumer oriented compact DSC, but highly advanced DSLR. Upon many new system of camera, only one may dwindle the size and weight, cut the budget dramatically (energy saving) successfully, even create a specific market (MILC/EVIL). In fact, the president of Nikon, Makoto Kimura, declared that the EVIL system may “Redefinition of photography” in July. 2010, and will announce its first “counter-back weapon” before the end of 2010 or early in 2011. In our research, we collect more than 300 cases from the telephone survey during Sept,, 2010 and Feb., 2011. Total of 210 cases comply with the conditions. To probe mainly into the relationship between new generation DSC Confidence level and 3 potential customers: Amateur Photographer (AP), Senior Photographer (SP), and college student (CS). The profiles of contingency table were used to explore the potential preference for the camera with EVIL device. That is the reason what we are probe into this highly competitively market with brilliant creative design, and hope to offer an objective suggestion for both industry and education administers.
Effect of Paddy Hermetic Plastic Tent MAP on Free Fatty Acid Property of Rice during Storage
Authors: Cao Din Gai , Liu Xia , Li Xi Hong
Published: July 2011

In this work, effect of big paddy hermetic tent (BPHT) modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) of 0.5mm PE and traditional MAP using 0.05mmPE on free fatty acid property were investigated. The results showed that BPHT, which were charged 5% O2 and 5% CO2, was the optimal storage condition to preserve rice grain fresh. Little O2 decreasing and CO2 increasingwere generated in traditional MAP other than fruits and vegetables, because grain respiration rate were low relatively. After five moths storage of rice grain, BPHT storage inhibited the free fatty acid content increasing and lox enzyme activity. BPHT storage with atmosphere charging at storage beginning was the distinctly energy conservation storage method for grains.
Effect of RE on Anti-Corrosion Mechanism of Arc Sprayed Zn-Al-Mg Coatings
Authors: Zhu Zi Xin , Zhang Jing , Xu Bin Shi
Published: July 2011

In order to study the effect of RE on anti-corrosion mechanism, high Mg content Zn-Al-Mg and Zn-Al-Mg-RE (where RE is Rare Earth) alloy coatings were produced on low carbon steel substrates by using cored wires and arc spraying. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to determine the anti-corrosion mechanism of the two coatings in 5% NaCl solution. The composition and structure of corrosion products on the coatings surface have been investigated after corrosion tests by X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The results show that, Zn-Al-Mg-RE coating has superior corrosion resistance compared to Zn-Al-Mg coating due to the formation of more compact and uniform corrosion products. The self-sealing effect of the Zn-Al-Mg-RE coatings, especially for longer immersion times is extremely good. The role of the RE elements appears to be associated with the self-sealing process and the refinement of the coating microstructure.
Aximatics for Rough Set Model Based on Vague Relations
Authors: Zhang Hai Dong , He Yan Ping
Published: July 2011

This paper presents a general framework for the study of rough set approximation operators in vague environment in which both constructive and axiomatic approaches are used. In constructive approach, by means of a vague relation defined by us, a new pair of vague rough approximation operators is ﬁrst deﬁned. Also some properties about the approximation operators are then discussed. In axiomatic approach, an operator-oriented characterization of vague rough sets is proposed, that is, vague rough approximation operators are defined by axioms.
Representations of Vague Approximation Operators
Authors: Zhang Hai Dong , He Yan Ping
Published: July 2011

As a suitable mathematical model to handle partial knowledge in data bases, rough set theory is emerging as a powerful theory and has been found its successive applications in the fields of artificial intelligence such as pattern recognition, machine learning, etc. In the paper, a vague relation is ﬁrst deﬁned, which is the extension of fuzzy relation. Then a new pair of lower and upper generalized rough approximation operators based on the vague relation is ﬁrst proposed by us. Finally, the representations of vague rough approximation operators are presented.
An Effective Tabu Search Algorithm for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Stochastic Demands
Authors: Hu Shan Liang , Liu Chang Shi
Published: July 2011

The vehicle routing problem with stochastic demands is considered in this paper, and an effective tabu search algorithm for the proposed problem. The goal consists of minimizing the vehicle number and expected distance traveled in order to serve all customers’ demands. Finally, a numerical example is given to show the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Study on Application of Ground-Source Heat Pump Air Conditioning System in Hohhot
Authors: He Ling Li , Yang Shu Feng , Bai Ye Fei
Published: July 2011

The technology of ground-source heat pump is a revolutionary new technology emerging in the field of central air conditioners for buildings in China. Its application in Hohhot grew continuously in recent years. Based on the demonstration project of general office building of the Development & Reform Commission, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, this paper studies the application of ground-source heat pump air conditioning system with supporting heat source in northern cold area, analyzing the energy consumption of system operation, presenting some problems in the operation and solutions thereof, and concluding that the ground-source heat pump air conditioning system is feasible in Hohhot.
The Comparison for Several Difference Methods in Heat Conduction Equations
Authors: Meng Fan Lei
Published: July 2011

In this paper, one-dimensional heat conduction equations is studied, many difference Schemes have been proposed to solve it. In order to find a high accuracy difference scheme in all the methods, we give a numerical experimentation in this paper. by numerical experimentation, a high accuracy difference scheme for solving Heat conduction equations initial boundary value problem is found, according to the truncation error and stability analysis ,we find its accuracy is better-then- third-order in time and space direction. this is a valuable method and better then the others this is a high accuracy difference Scheme. this scheme is a valuable method in Heat conduction and Fluid mechanics.
Preparation of Pruning Mulberry Shoot-Based Activated Carbon by ZnCl2 Activation
Authors: Wang Jun , Qiu Ning , Wu Huan , Wu Fu An
Published: July 2011

This paper reports the preparation of activated carbon from a new type of agricultural biomass materials, pruning mulberry shoot, by ZnCl2 activation. The experiments in this study vary the parameters of ZnCl2 activation procedures, such as concentration and impregnation ratio of the activating agent, temperature and time of chemical activation. The experimental results indicated that with a ZnCl2 concentration of 50%, an impregnation ratio of 2:1, an activation temperature of 850 °C, and an activation time of 90 min, the activated carbon with better iodine and MB adsorption capacity were 1422.40 mg/g and 163.54mg/g, respectively. Therefore, the optimal preparation process of activated carbon from pruning mulberry shoot was successfully achieved by using single-factor method in this study, which can be used as adsorbents for various environmental applications.
Design of Yb Fiber High Power Amplifier through 915nm Pumping
Authors: Zhang Zhi Qiang , Ren Jian Hua , Shen Shu Qun , Zhao Tong Gang
Published: July 2011

Analyze the fiber amplified theory and obtain the transmission formula of pump and signal for the use of rate equation. In the experiment, take the Yb-doped double cladding fiber based on phosphor silicate as gain medium, high power single emitter in 915nm as pump source. According to gain fiber length obtained by the theory analyses, the output power achieves 20W above. Apply the cladding power stripper at the output end for stripping the remained pump power.
Thermal Behavior Modeling of Interior Refractory Lining of Torpedo-Ladle by Finite Element Method
Authors: Liu Shi Wei , Yu Jing Kun , Mao Fei Xiong
Published: July 2011

Torpedo-ladle was widely used in hot metal transportation. As its insulation properties had deep influence on the quality of iron and steel during the metallurgy process, the method to improve the insulation properties of torpedo-ladle was concerned widely. The results of this paper showed that either using lower thermal conductivity or increasing the thickness of insulation lining could effectively improve torpedo thermal insulation properties by solving the 3-D model with ANSYS.
MAS-Based Supply Chain Dynamic Collaboration Resource Sharing
Authors: Jiang Wei Jin , Zhong Luo , Li Qing Feng , Deng Xiao Qing
Published: July 2011

In order to study the law of emergence and its internal attributable causes according to the resources owned by agents that interacts with each other in the complex adaptive system about the supply chain, at the beginning the resources which the agents in the supply chain draw are defined as followings: the resources outside system, the resources in the system, the resources that other else agents own, and the dynamic resources the agent itself own, the multi-compartment agent of resources. The operating points of eight resources owned by agents interact with each other are controlled through eight random numbers, the direction, degree, speed and stability of resources flow during interaction among agents are described respectively by matching capability, matching speed and matching time; Furthermore, the evolution process about the resources among agents interacting is described by rules of GEF(Global Evaluate Function) and LEF(Local Evaluate Function), resources flow model of complex system about the supply chain is established; Eventually, through simulating respectively in the Swarm platform both the proposed model and the simple model that doesn’t cunsder the multi-compartment agent but the linear sum of all resources, it is found that the former describes the change rule of the resource more accurately in the supply chain system. It means that syncretizing eight resources, which interact and inter-constrain in the system, to an indiscerptible one is the attributable cause of the emergence.
Research on Corrosive Sulfur and Temperature Effect in Transformer Oil
Authors: Qian Yi Hua , Bao Qi Tian , Cao Shun An , Liu Rui
Published: July 2011

Failure in transformers could be caused by the corrosive sulfur in their oil. Preliminary studies on the test of corrosive sulfur in transformer oil and temperature are performed. The comparison among their results of their typical test methods for corrosive sulfur is discussed. It is illustrated that the corrosive-sulfur sensitivity is varied with the test conditions. Temperature is the important factor for the reaction of corrosive sulfur with copper. We have done experiments of specimen immersing and mercaptan content in oil, so we can confirm that high temperature enhances the reaction.
Research on Thermal-Effect and Phase Properties of a Q-Switched Laser Using KTP Frequency-Doubling Crystal
Authors: Zhang Xiang
Published: July 2011

Results of an experimental and theoretical analysis of the proprerties of a LD pumped laser using a plano-concave stable resonator and KTP frequency-doubling crystal material are presented. The influence of thermal lens effect on laser output mode and beam quality has been discussed briefly by using the transfer matrix theory. In this paper, further experiment on the output beam quality of a LD pumped acousto-optic Q-switched laser has been also performed by adopting Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor and Zernike mode reconstruction theory. Using this method, the PV and RMS values of the aberration wavefront, the frontal 35-order Zernike aberrations can be acquired, and the Strehl ratio curve of the output beam and the distribution of circle energy can also be obtained by calculation, so the mode properities can be fully understood. The experimental results show that the beam wavefront aberration is mainly concentrated in the frontal 15 orders of Zernike aberration, mainly including the defocus A3, the low-order astigmatism A4 and A5, and the coma aberration A6 and A7 because of crystal thermal effect.
Theoretical Calculation of Miscibility Gap for MgxZn1-XO Alloys
Authors: Zhang Kai Ju , Wang X.F.
Published: July 2011

In this paper, a theoretical calculation of the miscibility gap taking modified interaction parameter and mismatch strain into account are performed for the MgxZn1-xO ternary compound system using the modified strictly regular solution model. The calculated results shows that the MgxZn1-xO alloys are metastable at the temperatures commonly used for crystal growth and the miscibility gap shifts remarkably into the areas of higher Mg concentration and higher temperature because of the interaction parameter modifiability and strain effect. The strain relaxation is discussed synchronously, with the increasing of the strain relaxation, the MgO segregation boundary expands to a bend band region.
Study on Microphase Separation of Polyether-Urethane Block Copolymers
Authors: Liu Zhen , Xiao Chang Fa , Zhang Yu Feng
Published: July 2011

A set of polyether-urethane block copolymers were prepared that poly (tetramethylene oxide) PTMO was regarded as soft segment, 4,4'-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate)(MDI) and m-diphenylamine (MDM) was regarded as hard segment in this article. The microphase separation of polyether-urethane block copolymer was investigated by using infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS),there obtained that there are two phases structure in polyether-urethane block copolymers and degree of phase separation decrease with increasing hard segment weight content.
Recognition of Papain by Konjac Glucomannan-Based Molecularly Imprinted Membrane
Authors: Mi Zhi Yuan , Ma Zhuo , Li Xiao Li , Xiong Wei De , Zhang Ying Qing
Published: July 2011

Objective: To prepare a novel protein molecularly imprinted membrane. Methods: Konjac glucomanan was swollen, cross-linked, added papain and glycerol, dried to form imprinted membranes. Results: After eluted, the rebinding adsorption amounts of papain for imprinted and blank membranes were (12.692±3.452) μg/cm2 and (7.849±2.321) μg/cm2 respectively. The papain imprinted membrane had the highest imprinted factor α 1.8 for papain than for other proteins. Results of FT-IR and SEM showed that the cavity structure of the eluted membrane provided space for rebinding. Conclusions: Konjac glucomannan-based imprinted membrane has good specific adsorption and selective recognition abilities for the templates- papain, and shows great possibilities to be a promising protein molecularly imprinted polymer.
Novel Fiber-Optic Distributed Disturbance Sensor Using a Modified Phase Generation Carrier Technique
Authors: Lin Wen Tai , Zhang Chun Xi , Li Li Jing , Liang Sheng , Li Qin , Zhong Xiang
Published: July 2011

A Mach-Zehnder interferometer based fiber-optic distributed disturbance sensor (FDDS) incorporating a modified phase generation carrier (PGC) is proposed and investigated. It is found that the slow time-varying fluctuation such as temperature variation causes the location errors. By employing a modified PGC technique that satisfies the requirements including high sampling frequency and compensation of the time delay from the long length fiber, the location errors caused by the slow time-varying fluctuation can be eliminated.
Research on Web Server Based on Red5, Tomcat and Apache
Authors: Gong Xiao Feng , Zhang Da Min
Published: July 2011

This paper aims to set up the Web Server which can handle Flash streaming client, static HTTP requests, dynamic JSP requests and interact with the Database Server. The streaming media Server Red5 responses RTMP requests, Application Server Tomcat responses dynamic JSP requests, Web Server Apache responses static HTTP requests, Framework Spring achieves the dynamic equipment of each service object. The Object-Relational Mapping model Hibernate and the Java Database Connectivity JDBC do the persistence operation and realize data persistence layer. The Web Server can realize the Web Server of Web Video Conference based on B/W/D architecture.
Determination of Multi-Objective Optimization Control Variable Domain Value in Coordinated Control System of Coal-Fired Unit
Authors: Gu Jun Jie , Yang Zhi , Ren Yan Ling
Published: July 2011

The accuracy of the variables variation scope in fitness function of the multi-objective optimization have an important influence to multi-objective optimization results. Take a 300 MW coal-fired unit as an example, according to the system mechanism builds a boiler-turbine dynamic model. And put forward a method, in this paper, which is using the iteration way and observing its physical significance to determine control system variables scope. The simplified model uses fuel value, turbine value and feedwater value as the inputs, and uses power, feedwater flow and absorbed heat of water wall as the outputs, to get the boundary of the pressure and the control value of the inputs during 50%-100% load.
Research on the Equipment Support Effectiveness Evaluation Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method
Authors: Zhao Xiang , Chen Gang
Published: July 2011

The equipment support system is a complex nonlinear system, which is of random, fuzzy and uncertain in characteristic. The equipment support system’s effectiveness was evaluated objectively and scientifically with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) method in this paper, through qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Based on the result of the evaluation, the weak link is pointed out and it’s good to improve the quality of the equipment support system.
Research on Tribological Properties of Serpentine Particles as Lubricating Oil Additives
Authors: Wang Peng , Lv Jing , Wang Lian Hai , Ma Qiang , Zhu Xin He
Published: July 2011

This paper adopts wet method to prepare serpentine particles on the planetary ball mill, executes lipophilic degree tests and friction and wear tests of these particles. The results showed that: 1) as the modification agent, the optimum dosage of oleic acid is when the volume ratio of oleic acid and serpentine particles is 2, and the optimum time of milling (modification) is 24h. 2) 4012 maritime lubricating oil with serpentine particles has obvious anti-wear and friction effect, and the optimum dosage range of serpentine particles is 0.9%-1.0%. According to the outcomes of metallurgical microscope observation and electron microprobe analysis, a conclusion can be drawn: during the process of friction and wear, serpentine particles brought on physical or chemical reactions with the surface of test samples, create a layer of protective film, thus this kind of lubricating oil has filling function to the furrow of friction pair surface, so as to decrease the surface roughness, decrease the degree of friction and wear.
Synthesis of C60-Doped Polyaniline Nanoshuttles
Authors: Wang Qi Guan , Wang Su Min , Li Jian Ping , Moriyama Hiroshi
Published: July 2011

Polyaniline–C60 nanoshuttle composites have been successfully synthesized by the oxidative polymerization of aniline with ammonium peroxydisulfate in the presence of C60 using an interfacial reaction at room temperature, in which the molar ratio of oxidant to monomer was kept at 0.25:1. The influence of initial C60/aniline molar ratio on the supramolecular structure of the composites was studied. It was found that at low molar ratio (0.01:1) amorphous powders could be synthesized, while the as-synthesized products at the higher molar ratio (0.04:1) were shuttle-like superstructures. FTIR and UV-vis spectroscopy confirmed the presence of C60 in the resultant nanocomposite and suggested significant interaction of polyaniline with C60. The evolution of supramolecular structure of polyaniline nanoshuttle–C60 nanocomposites was discussed.
Effect of Magnesium on Characteristics of Thermal Analysis Curve of Compacted Graphite Iron
Authors: Liu Jin Hai , Li Guo Lu , Zhao Xue Bo , Hao Xiao Yan
Published: July 2011

The influence of residual magnesium on compact graphite rate and characteristic of thermal analysis curve was studied by fading of magnesium treated molten iron. The results indicate that with fading time, the residual magnesium decreases and the rate of compact graphite increases. The content of magnesium can remarkably change the characteristics of thermal analysis curve, such as the lowest eutectic temperature (TEU) and the recalescence degree △Tr.
The Influence of Critical Turning Point of Argon Flowrate Ascension on Decarburization Rate of RH Treatment for Ultra-Low Carbon Steel
Authors: Li Chong Wei , Cheng Guo Guang , Cui Ai Min
Published: July 2011

Through the mathematical model of RH vacuum decarburization, the decarburization mechanism of argon gas bubble surface was studied. By the RH equipment of Shougang Qian’an Iron and Steel Co. Ltd for background, the calculated results of this model showed that the decarburization quantity of argon gas bubble surface was about 8% that of overall decarburization. In the initial conditions was constant, the ascension of argon flowrate will promote the decarburization quantity of argon gas bubble surface, free surface and splash droplet surface as well as reducing the decarburization quantity of internal liquid steel decarburization. Based on the commercial production data, it was found the best opportunity of ascension blow argon flowrate to acquire lower carbon content in relatively shorter time.
Research of Transverse Corner Crack and Optimization of Concasting Process for Bloom of Peritectic Steel Q235D
Authors: Yao Cheng Gong , Yuan Shou Qian , Chen Lie , Wang Zhi Jun , Wang Hai Long , Jing Lin Lin
Published: July 2011

Q235D is one kind of peritectic steel, so the casting production inevitably encounter the universality defects of peritectic steel casting. The bloom(250mm×280mm) of Q235D is produced by 60t consteel EBT—LF(VD)—CC process at Xining Special Steel. The main problem in the production is the transverse corner crack, finally lead to occur the cracks and “triangular gaps” at surface of round bar（Φ130mm）after rolled. In order to eliminate the defects caused by transverse corner crack of bloom, the morphology and microstructure and principle of crack formation is researched. The results showed that the crack is caused by stress along the intergranular, and no obvious segregation and particles founded around the defects. The following parameters on the continuous casting process are optimized: steel composition, superheat, the choice of a various slag, the cooling water of different section, casting speed and the electromagnetic stirring parameters. Finally the cracking defects of the bloom is eliminated, and the quality of the bar is optimized.
Effect of Ce on the Mechanical Properties of 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N Stainless Steel
Authors: Dong Fang , Cai Guo Jun , Su Cheng
Published: July 2011

Effect of Ce on the strength and ductility of 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N stainless steel has been studied. The results show that the strength and ductility of 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N stainless steel are markedly improved when appropriate content of Ce is added in the steel. The 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N stainless steel with 0.016 wt.% Ce presents the best-optimized mechanical properties.
Study of Scale Effect on the Iron Oxide Reduction
Authors: Li Shi Qi , Gao Jin Tao , Zhang Yan Ting , Shen Ping , Chen Pei Yu , Liu Run Zao , Wang Yu Gang
Published: July 2011

According to the analysis of iron element purification in the current process of steel production and the study on reduction experiment of ultrafine iron ore powder, this study first summarizes and puts forward the scale effect on reduction of iron oxide. And on this basis, a new concept is proposed, named precise reduction, which includes the pre-processing—dissociation of iron oxide, preparation of ultrafine powder and the post processing—non-molten magnetic separation. Taking high phosphorus hematite, steelmaking slag and metallurgical dust as the study objects, and the better achievement shows that the low grade iron-bearing material, after precise reduction, can be transformed to the valuable resource without residue, and the process is environment friendly with low energy and material consumption, so that the zero discharge can be achieved. Not only does the steel plant be changed to be environment friendly, but also the resource is got.
Sepiolite/CuFe2O4 Composite: a Magnetic Absorbent for Removal of Contaminants from Water
Authors: Huang Yang , Feng Qi Ming , Wang Wei Qing
Published: July 2011

The sepiolite and CuFe2O4 were combined to prepare the sepiolite/CuFe2O4 composite. The magnetic composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) and vibration sample magnetometer (VSM) and N2 adsorption isotherms. Adsorption characteristics of the composite were examined by using Cu2+ and methylene blue as adsorbates. The results show that CuFe2O4 particles adhere to the surface of sepiolite fiber to form the sepiolite/CuFe2O4 composite which show well characteristic of superparamagnetism and is effective for the removal of Cu2+ or methylene blue. When the mass ratios of sepiolite and CuFe2O4 is 7:3, the saturation and remanence magnetization are 7.140 and 0.0246 A·m2/kg, and coercive force is 0.0180 A/m for magnetic sepiolite. The saturated adsorption capacity for Cu2+ and the removal rate of methylene blue is 15.72 mg/g, 99.48%, respectively.
Exploiting a Simple Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Manganese in High Strength Line Pipe Steels
Authors: Shao Xiaodong
Published: July 2011

The use of high strength line pipe steels is beneficial for the reduction the cost of gas transmission pipelines by enabling high pressure transmission of large volumes of gas. The high strength line pipe steels will become the preferred materials for modern natural gas transmission pipeline. It was well known that manganese was an important element in the high strength line pipe steels. In this paper, a simple spectrophotometric method was described for determination of manganese in high strength line pipe steels. The method was based on the oxidation-reduction reaction between ammonium persulfate and manganese(II) producing manganese(VII) in the presence of silver nitrate as a catalyst. The characteristic wavelength of maximum absorption of manganese(VII) was obtained locating at 530 nm. Under the optimum reaction conditions the absorption value was proportional to the concentration of manganese in the range of 0.18%~2.0% (R2 = 0.9997), and the relative standard deviation was less than 3.0% (n=5). The proposed method was applied successfully to determine manganese in API grade X80 line pipe steel and API grade X70 line pipe steel samples.
Study on the COREX Melter Gasifier Zones Using Temperature Gradient
Authors: Zhou Xiao Lei , Luo Zhi Guo , Han Li Hao , Zou Zong Shu , Yu Ai Bing
Published: July 2011

A physical thermal model was established in this study, and the gas temperature in the model was measured with temperature sensors under different experimental conditions. The results show that the packed bed, cohesive zone, dripping zone and raceway in melter gasifier can be roughly distinguished by temperature gradient analysis along the vertical direction. The changes of different zones in the COREX melter gasifier were also investigated in this paper under different operation conditions.
An Iterative Algorithm to Determine Hot Strand Pressures during Continuous Casting of Round Blooms
Authors: Liu Ke , Han Zhan Guang , Zhang Jia Quan
Published: July 2011

Ovality defect of round bloom castings is the haunting defect of demanding grades steel, which can be attributed to excessive mechanical stress imposed by the roll containment especially at the unbending region. A 2-D elastic-plastic FEM model has been developed for the quantitative analysis of the effects of hot strand pressures on the ovality deformation and the contact normal force distribution. It is shown that higher friction force and smaller reduction deformation can be expected through the adoption of grooved rolls for given hot strand pressures as compared with plain rolls. For the determination of whether the given hot strand pressures can meet the requirement of strand downslide control in the caster, the resistances generated in the mold, secondary cooling zone and unbending zone are analyzed. Accordingly, an iterative algorithm has been presented to modify the hot strand pressures for given caster. A set of modified hot strand pressures has been computationally determined, which has been proved to be safe in production for casting round bloom with diameter up to Φ400mm with better roundness and less roller mark.