bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Awareness of Opioid Use for Pain Control among Healthcare Practitioners: A Systematic Review
Authors: Almalki Haifa Saeed
Published: July 2024

Objectives: To compile the recent literature's findings and shed light on knowledge of healthcare personnel about the use of opioids in pain management. Methods: A thorough search of pertinent databases was done in order to find studies that satisfied the requirements for inclusion. A thorough search of PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Science Direct was conducted to find pertinent literature. Results: Ten studies, including a total of 58,234 participants and 21,769 (37.4%) of them were females, were included in our data. There were notable differences found between the clinical skills of physicians in managing pain and prescribing opioids and their self-perceived knowledge in these areas. Many studies reported that nearly half of the participants had poor knowledge about using opioids for pain management. Physicians with higher clinical knowledge ratings prescribed fewer opioids. Only two studies reported that professionals with advanced degrees were found to have a sufficient level of understanding regarding pain and opiate use. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a lack of and insufficient knowledge about opioids on pain management among healthcare personnel. Prospective investigations ought to concentrate on crafting customized instructional curricula and decision-assistance instruments for primary care practitioners, as well as analyzing the influence of interdisciplinary pain treatment groups on patient results.
Study on Phytochemical Composition, Biosynthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Using Sargassum ilicifolium
Authors: M Durga, , R Deepikaa, , M Vaishnavi, , B Raksha,
Published: July 2024

Nanotechnology involves producing nanoscale materials with specific properties. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have potential applications in various fields. Due to toxic chemicals and environmental concerns, green methods using plants, fungi, bacteria, and algae have been adopted. An emerging area of nanotechnology is the green synthesis of nanoparticles using biological systems, particularly seaweed extracts. The green synthesis method has synthesized the zinc oxide nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of the brown seaweed Sargassum ilicifolium. The algal extract has greatly reduced the zinc acetate dihydrate salt solution to form zinc oxide nanoparticles. The synthesized zinc oxide (Zn-O) nanoparticles have been confirmed through Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), Raman spectroscopy, UltraViolet (UV)- Visible (Vis) spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The study used Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) to examine the size and shape of the Zn-O nanoparticles. Raman spectroscopy and UltraViolet-Vis spectroscopy confirmed the formation of Zn-O nanoparticles. The SEM results exhibited a range of 24.4 nm to 83.4 nm. The occurrence of Zn-O nanoparticles was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy with peaks at 276.98 cm-1, 414.67 cm-1, 462.03 cm-1, 514.99 cm-1, and 998.28cm-1 and UltraViolet-Vis spectroscopy with peak at 370 nm. The present study also deals with the qualitative phytochemical constituent analysis using the aqueous extracts of Sargassum ilicifolium. Alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac glycoside, tannins, amino acids, carbohydrates, and saponins were analyzed. Anthraquinone, anthocyanin, vitamin C, quinone, and phlobatannins were considered absent in the aqueous extract.
ANÁLISE DO MANEJO CLÍNICO E CIRÚRGICO DA NEFROLITÍASE
Authors: Calil Vitor Azem Arantes , Lima Amanda Vaz , Cruz Artur Costa , Ribeiro Lara Samanta Barbosa , Coelho Bruna Duque , Santos Hendrick Amaral , Bueno Cloifi Cardoso Faria , Castro Wesley da Silva , Siqueira Yuri Oliveira , Tolentino Mayra Maia , Moreira Ana Beatriz de Freitas , Filho Jamil Fernandes Miguel , Vitto Matheus Peres De , Barbosa Andrezza Braz , Uchôa Leyde Jenifer Dias
Published: July 2024

A nefrolitíase, condição comum caracterizada pela formação de cálculos renais, representa um desafio significativo na prática clínica devido à sua alta prevalência e recorrência. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o manejo clínico e cirúrgico da nefrolitíase, identificando as abordagens mais eficazes e suas respectivas implicações para a saúde dos pacientes. Utilizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com buscas nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Foram incluídos estudos publicados nos últimos dez anos, abordando tanto o tratamento clínico quanto o cirúrgico da nefrolitíase. Os resultados apontaram que, enquanto a terapia clínica é eficaz na prevenção da formação de novos cálculos e no manejo de cálculos pequenos, as intervenções cirúrgicas são frequentemente necessárias para cálculos maiores e em casos de complicações. Conclui-se que uma abordagem multidisciplinar, que combine estratégias clínicas e cirúrgicas, é essencial para o manejo eficaz da nefrolitíase, visando minimizar a recorrência e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
Socio-economic and Demographic Determinants of Household Fertility Decisions
Authors: Uzobo Endurance
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the socio-economic and demographic determinants of household fertility decisions in Nigeria. Using the family system model as framework, a cross-sectional survey design in a retrospective study was adopted. Quantitative data were purposively gotten from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) household recode dataset.  Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Logistic Regressions at P<0.05. The mean age at first birth of respondents was 18.8±4.0 years. The mean of Children ever-born was 5.9±2.8. The Children ever-born was highest in the North West region (36.7%), while the South East had the least (12.6%) sum of Children ever-born in the six regions. The relationship between children ever-born and the age at first birth is statistically significant (χ2= 8334.4, p=<0.001). Women with all living are 2.0 times (OR=2.071, CI=1.987-2.158) more likely to increase their Children ever-born than women who have experienced the loss of a child. Women who have no formal education are 5.8 times (OR=5.835, CI=5.504-6.186) more likely to increase their Children ever-born than women with tertiary education. Women who do not utilize contraception in any way and those who used the folkloric method were respectively 0.8 times and 5.5 times more likely to increase their children ever-born than women using modern contraceptives respectively. Based on the findings, it is recommended that fertility controls must be prioritized, specifically by encouraging girl child education across the nation.
The Rising Religious Extremism and Mob violence in Nigeria
Authors: Mshelia Ismail Husain
Published: July 2024

Before the emergence of Boko haram terrorist group in the early 2000s, religious extremism in Nigeria had sparked large scale crises in Kaduna and Plateau among other states in the country. Since the inception of the Nigerian fourth republic, such crises have been undermining public safety and by implication, the country’s quest for national integration and sustainable development. In the light of a mob violence that resulted in the gruesome murder of a college student who allegedly uttered blasphemous comment, this paper examined the rise of religious extremism in Nigeria. Looking beyond human security threats like poverty and illiteracy, the paper utilised desk review of published documents to establish the historical and political factors that sowed in the country, the seeds of religious extremism now germinating. The paper found that the nature of the pre-colonial empires that now make up the Nigerian state coupled with colonial and post-colonial factors including the dissipation of knowledge on Islamic justice system, competition over political powers and the politics of divide and rule have converged to make religion a volatile phenomenon in the country. Therefore, the paper concludes that until the multidimensional factors are addressed through mitigating and preventive efforts—such as robust religious education, religious regulation, interreligious dialogue and economic empowerment—the country’s quest for ‘peace, justice and strong institutions’ among other Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will remain a mirage.
Clinical Sociology and Community Interventions
Authors: Cumming Sara , Julianne DiSanto , Burton-Saliba Leah , Shackelton Chloe , McLeod Joel
Published: July 2024

At least 235,000 people experience homelessness in Canada each year, with over 35,000 experiencing homelessness on any given night (Gaetz et al. 2013a). For many, maintaining housing is challenging due to the absence of essential life skills. This paper departs from a community-identified problem with conventional life skills programming and uses sociological tools to address it. Community partners have expressed a need for a life skills curriculum that is inclusive, representing the intersecting needs and experiences of a diversity of clients, and that will address budgetary constraints of not-for-profit (NFP) organizations in the region.
The Community-Ideas Factory: The Life Skills Project consists of an interdisciplinary research team and 16 NFPs collaborating to build a comprehensive, inclusive, relevant, and effective online life skills intervention. Adopting a clinical sociological and community-engaged research approach, our findings emphasize the importance of recognizing that essential life skills are diverse and shaped by the larger social, political, and economic context, such as social inequities. Notably, social justice is identified as a crucial life skill, uncovering the intersectionalities that shape individuals' lives and that must be integrated into life skills programming. This ground-breaking finding is facilitated by our methodology, deviating from the positivist research approaches prevalent in life skills studies. Significantly, the entire life skills curriculum is Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI)-informed. The intervention addresses immediate financial strains for partner organizations. We anticipate that the intervention will interrupt current cycles of homelessness while holding promise as a preventative measure.
WORKLOAD AND WORK ENGAGEMENT AMONG THE TEACHERS: A DESCRIPTIVE-CORRELATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Jan Nikkie C. Maquidato  , Rammel T. Bayani
Published: July 2024

Work engagement is a multifaceted phenomenon that encompasses intrinsic interest, satisfaction, and enjoyment derived from one’s work. Work engagement is being challenged by various roots globally not just in the aspects of educational institutions but also in other workplaces. Teaching is undoubtedly one of the most stressful occupations and the most common problem is the work engagement of teachers. Previous studies found that work engagement has profound effects on both individuals and organizations. Engaged employees reported higher job satisfaction, increased well-being, and reduced turnover intentions. Additionally, it is thought to be influenced by motivation and numerous other elements that contribute to job satisfaction, ultimately influencing teacher retention within an educational establishment. This study aimed to determine the level of workload and work engagement of 105 teachers in New Bataan District and identify the relationship between these two variables. This study was conducted with a descriptive-correlational, quantitative, non-experimental research design. The research data were obtained through an adapted questionnaire from 105 public school teachers in New Bataan District, Davao de Oro. The results revealed that the level of teachers’ workload is generally high, when perceived with the indicators of duties and obligations, energy, and time. Also, the level of work engagement when perceived with the indicators of vigor and dedication is generally high, however when perceived in terms of absorption it was relatively low. In addition, it was revealed that there is a negative correlation established between the level of teachers’ workload and the level of teachers’ work engagement. Therefore, work engagement tends to decline with increasing workload.
KEYWORDS: Workload, Work Engagement, Duties and Obligations, Time, Energy, Vigor, Dedication, Absorption, descriptive-correlational, New Bataan
Painter Leonardo da Vinci or Leonardo from Caffa in Crimea: Challenging the attribution of selected documents
Authors: A. Grundy Susan
Published: July 2024

This article reinterprets four documents attributed to the artist Leonardo da Vinci. These documents include a drawing considered to be a Tuscan landscape with an inscribed date of August 5, 1473, a single double-sided page with drawings, writings, and a tensioning crossbow design dated 1478, a drawing of a hanged man dated 1479, and a letter written in Turkish to the Sultan of Istanbul dated circa 1502. If the Tuscan painter created these documents, he was pursuing an alternative career as a scientist. However, the information is incomplete and inaccurate. First, the landscape does not represent Tuscany. Instead, further research indicates that it is the depiction of a fortress in Crimea that relates to significant events occurring in the Ottoman arena between 1473 and 1475. Second, biographers have failed to show evidence that the Tuscan painter had military connections, raising the issue of a non-affiliation with any militia. Third, the sketch of a hanged man focuses an unexplained attention on the victim’s Turkish style of dress. Finally, a letter sent to Istanbul around 1502 claimed Leonardo was Genoese. Taking note of these points, a cumulative reading of the evidence shows that the man who crafted these documents originated from Caffa, a Genoese colony on the Black Sea that the Ottomans captured in 1475. Although this might sound speculative, further documents discussed in the final section indicate that Florence banished the Tuscan painter Leonardo da Vinci around 1477 and that he later died in Bologna in 1499. Therefore, this Tuscan Leonardo could not have written the Notebooks, and the man who died in France in 1519 could not have been him. The research adds a deeper understanding of Turkish influences in the documents and highlights how information gathered outside Europe can better explain them. The findings urge Western art historians to expand their research and to reconsider other authors.
The security and deterrence policy of the Baltic states in 2014-2024
Authors: Malużinas Martinas -
Published: July 2024

Objectives

The full-scale annexation of Crimea and Russia's invasion of Ukraine prompted the political elites of the Baltic states to devote even more attention to security problems and to update the defence plans of the Baltic region. The aim of the work is to analyze the development of the security and deterrence strategies of the Baltic states in the years 2014-2024 in the face of potential Russian threats on the border of the eastern flank of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The starting point for the discussion is the hypothesis that the sense of threat from the Russian Federation contributes to the intensification of trilateral military cooperation between Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. The theoretical basis for the empirical analysis is the adaptive strategy model (so-called grand strategy ) developed by Colin Dueck .

Methods

case study

Results

After the annexation of Crimea and the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Baltic states were encouraged to tighten strategic trilateral cooperation and develop the potential of their armed forces to increase the ability to defend their own territory, while striving to strengthen collective defence and deterrence within NATO.

Conclusions

The Russian invasion of Ukraine resulted in active investment in defense in the Baltic states. In Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia, there is currently strong political will to continuously develop military potential, combined with increased public interest in state security issues.
THE ROLE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE USE OF METAL NANOPARTICLES IN THE CULTIVATION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS
Authors: VYNARCHUK Kateryna
Published: July 2024

The development of the nanoindustry over the past 15-20 years allows us to consider substances containing nanomaterials as an alternative to existing chemical means of control in the cultivation of agricultural crops, in particular as components of mineral nutrition and protection of field crops. Taking into account the relevance of this issue, in recent years, the use of colloidal forms of metals as elements of micronutrient plant nutrition has been made and substantiated by our own research. Nanotechnology provides sustainable solutions by replacing traditional fertilizers with nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have unique properties to overcome bioavailability issues and enhance mineral uptake, increase yields and reduce fertilizer losses, helping to protect the environment. Recent studies emphasize the effect of nanoparticles of basic and essential elements on plant growth, physiology and development, taking into account their size, composition, concentration and method of application. Key aspects of the research include evaluating the effectiveness of methods of their use and the impact of nanoparticles on the nutritional quality of agricultural crops.
It is noted that foliar fertilization with biogenic metals is important in providing plants with nutrients and enriching them with useful elements. Attention is also focused on the size of nanoparticles, as this factor determines their unique physicochemical properties and ability to penetrate plant cells, which can affect their physiological response and ability to absorb useful or toxic elements.
The review presents the findings regarding the positive and negative aspects of nanoparticles, their impact on agricultural development and environmental sustainability. At the same time, emphasis is placed on the need for further research for the development of nanofertilizers aimed at improving food production and preserving the environment.
Research of cultivators’ working bodies influence on damage on damage to potato plants, weed control, and formation of ridges
Authors: Rozhniatovskyi A. ,   Institute for Potato Research of  the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kupriianov S. , Liashchenko S. , Martseniuk Ya. ,   Institute for Potato Research of  the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine,   Institute for Potato Research of  the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine,   Institute for Potato Research of  the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine
Published: July 2024

Purpose. Reducing the negative impact of passive cultivator working bodies on potato plants by improving them, optimizing technology elements for inter-row cultivation, and forming ridges. Methods. Analysis of the conducted patent search – in accordance with DSTU 3575-97. Technological schemes of the cultivator were developed based on the analysis of literature data and design schemes of cultivator working bodies. Laboratory and field studies were conducted by generally accepted methods. Results. It was experimentally established that during the cultivation of potato plantations, the best result was obtained by using improved passive working bodies in combination: a V-shaped weep + a rotary harrow + a device for forming ridges for all indicators that were included in the study. Reducing the level of mechanical damage from 9.5 % in the control variant to 6.6 % in the 4th variant, weed infestation of plantings from 2.2 to 1.3 pcs/m2 during flowering of potatoes; parameters of the formed ridges at the time of harvesting were: height 25.0 cm vs. control variant 21.0 cm, width 64.3 cm vs. 59.0 cm. Conclusions. The model of the unit for the formation of ridges (disk hiller) in combination with a V-shaped weep and a rotary harrow ensured the formation of a potato ridge of optimal shape and size. The effect of working bodies on damage to potato plants, weed control in the cultivation area, and the formation of ridges was determined. The highest conditional net profit was 43.9 thousand UAH/ha in the 4th variant, which exceeds the control by 24.8 thousand UAH/ha. Keywords: disk hiller, work tools, weed infestation, parameters of ridges, potatoes.
The search for still unknown pathomechanisms of allergy
Authors: Leo Gualtiero , Incorvaia Cristoforo , Arasi Stefania
Published: July 2024

In recent decades, atopic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic asthma (AA), allergic rhinitis (AR), and food allergy (FA) have been estimated rapidly increasing in prevalence. These diseases are characterized by the presence of specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) and often relate to each other and develop in sequence (the so-called “atopic march”). AD may be the first early manifestation in infants followed by FA often within the first year of life. Moreover, AD is a risk factor for developing sensitization to airborne allergens later in life that can cause clinical manifestations of AA and AR. According to the dual-allergen exposure hypothesis, allergic sensitization to food allergens is promoted through cutaneous exposure, rather than the oral route. Moreover, there is evidence that exposure to food allergens, in particular peanuts, in the airway would also lead to food sensitization. The most frequent route of sensitization for inhalant allergens is still debated. Of note, a recent case report supports the development of sensitization to cat dander through a cat bite. Our review aims to provide an overview of current knowledge and unmet needs in the pathophysiology of respiratory and FAs.
Regulatory RNAs: role as scaffolds assembling protein complexes and their epigenetic deregulation
Authors: Poltronieri Palmiro
Published: July 2024

Recently, new data have been added to the interaction between non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and epigenetic machinery. Epigenetics includes enzymes involved in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and RNA modifications, and mechanisms underlying chromatin structure, repressive states, and active states operating in transcription. The main focus is on long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) acting as scaffolds to assemble protein complexes. This review does not cover RNA’s role in sponging microRNAs, or decoy functions. Several lncRNAs were shown to regulate chromatin activation and repression by interacting with Polycomb repressive complexes and mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) activating complexes. Various groups reported on enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) interactions with regulatory RNAs. Knowledge of the function of these complexes opens the perspective to develop new therapeutics for cancer treatment. Lastly, the interplay between lncRNAs and epitranscriptomic modifications in cancers paves the way for new targets in cancer therapy. The approach to inhibit lncRNAs interaction with protein complexes and perspective to regulate epitrascriptomics-regulated RNAs may bring new compounds as therapeuticals in various types of cancer.
Cidadania dos povos da floresta e COVID-19
Authors: Pires Cardoso Jéssica , Constante Martins Rodrigo , Parry Luke
Published: July 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir os alcances e os limites do acesso aos direitos de cidadania por povos da floresta no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19. Para tanto, é apresentada uma análise das ações do Estado, de agentes externos e dos povos da floresta no enfrentamento da pandemia na Resex do Iriri (Altamira, PA). A análise toma como base teórica a noção de brutalismo como forma de exercício da política, tal como proposta por Mbembe (2020).  Este estudo testa a hipótese de que a pandemia foi um momento de ruptura em uma organização hierárquica e desigual que, historicamente, produziu exclusões de diversas ordens e reforçou lugares específicos para os povos e corpos territorialmente marcados. Os resultados do estudo revelam que os povos da floresta adotaram condutas inovadoras no intuito de conter a proliferação da doença e, ainda, de alçar direitos até então negados. A maior parte destas ações pôde ir a cabo em razão das parcerias externas – situação que revela paradoxos em relação ao exercício dos direitos.
Peran Industri Rumah Pada Usaha Catering Kurnia Jaya Terhadap Pendapatan Karyawan Menurut Presfektif Ekonomi Islam di Kecamatan Medang Kampai Kota Dumai
Authors: Devi Riska , Atika Atika , Dharma Budi
Published: July 2024

The research aims to analyze the role of the home industry Catering Kurnia Jaya on employee income and welfare from the perspective of Islamic economics. The research method used is qualitative, involving a population of 10 employees. The subject of the study is the owner of Catering Kurnia Jaya, located in Medang Kampai District, Dumai City. The analysis used in this study includes reduction analysis and triangulation analysis. Data collection techniques include observation and interviews. The results show that Catering Kurnia Jaya significantly contributes to increasing the income and economic well-being of employees' families. This business operates according to Islamic economic principles, emphasizing justice, sustainability, and fair redistribution. Employee income fluctuations occur due to seasonal factors and market competition. This study highlights the importance of household industries in alleviating poverty and enhancing the local economy, with Catering Kurnia Jaya serving as an example of significant contribution to employee income and welfare.
DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE IN THE WORK “DIWAN LUGAT AT-TURK” BY MAKHMUD KASHGARI. ASPECTS OF INTERRELATION OF DIFFERENT SCIENCES
Authors: o’g’li Parpiboyev Botirali Rahimjon ,   Namangan State University, Independent researcher, Uzbekistan
Published: July 2024

This article is written about the specific features of “Diwan lugat at-turk” written by great Turkic writer Mahmud Kashgari and provides detailed information about the main content and main idea of the work. For each idea, the article provides an example from the work itself. Then, factual information about the interaction of the work with other sciences beside linguistics are given and the presented ideas are justified with the speeches of great scientists and examples from the work. Tables created based on personal research are presented at the end of the article.
IN THE CONTEXT OF ENVIRONMENTAL GLOBALIZATION, THE NEED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION BECOMES A PRIORITY
Authors: Ayonovna Azamova Sitora ,   Teacher of the Department of Social Sciences, Shakhrisabz State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: July 2024

Today, one of the determining factors in the Prevention of the environmental crisis is the Environmental Legal Education, Culture and spirituality of the population, especially the growing young generation. The article describes the role of environmental education in increasing environmental culture in young people in the context of environmental globalization.
THE IMPORTANCE OF USING SOFTWARE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF FUTURE ROAD ENGINEERS
Authors: Baxitbayevich Toreshov Dauranbek ,   Assistant Teacher of the Department of urban construction and economy, KSU, Uzbekistan
Published: July 2024

Road engineers play a crucial role in designing, constructing, and maintaining the infrastructure that connects communities and facilitates transportation. In order to excel in this field, future road engineers must possess a combination of technical skills and interpersonal abilities known as professional competencies. One key aspect that can greatly enhance the development of these competencies is the use of software tools. This article will explore the importance of utilizing software in the education and training of future road engineers to enhance their professional competencies. By leveraging software in their learning and practice, road engineers can hone their technical abilities, improve efficiency in project management, and cultivate essential soft skills for effective collaboration and communication in the workplace. Ultimately, incorporating software into the development of professional competencies is essential for preparing future road engineers to succeed in the ever-evolving field of transportation engineering.
MODERN APPROACHES TO THE USE OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS IN CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Margarita Valigun ,   CEO, Nova Ceiling design, Orlando, USA
Published: July 2024

A review of the literature on scientific approaches in the development of composite materials and building structures made of composites is carried out. When creating and manufacturing traditional and new composite materials, for example, by additive manufacturing, and when creating structures and structures in engineering calculations, new techniques, finite element computational software systems, and neural network technologies are used, which are used in the creation of modern metal and composite materials, analysis of mechanical characteristics of materials, forecasting loads on the structure, optimization of structures and calculation of their construction characteristics. The distinctive features of modern composite materials are shown. The main types of composite materials are considered: talc, diatomite, calcium carbonate, gibbsite, barium sulfate, feldspar, nepheline, aragonite, calcium carbonate, wool, silk, cotton, linen, jute, wood pulp, asbestos, fiberglass, metal fibers, quartz fibers, basalt fibers, polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, carbon fibers, viscose fibers. The physical and mechanical characteristics of composite materials (based on epoxy, aluminum, carbon, magnesium, and nickel matrices) and traditional (steel, aluminum, brick, concrete) building materials are presented. The disadvantages of such composite materials as carbon fiber, fiberglass, organoplastics, textolite, carbon concrete, and polystyrene concrete are presented. Deformation diagrams of some types of fibers for composite materials are considered: high-modulus carbon fibers, high-strength carbon fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers, and basalt fibers. The advantages of the system of external reinforcement of building structures with composite materials are described. Examples of reinforcement of building structures are considered: reinforced concrete reinforcement; reinforcement of floor slabs; reinforcement of columns; and reinforcement of brick walls.
DIGITAL COPYRIGHTS WORKS PROTECTION: DISCOURSE ON DECLARATIVE PRINCIPLES AND RECORDATION MECHANISM
Authors: MARGONO Dr. SUYUD
Published: July 2024

The impact of development of information and technology in relation to digital works on the internet has indicated a contribute in the digital environment through duplication or copying under the copyright system. Duplication that only intended to read only, and there is permanent as intended to store information itself. Copyright protection on the Internet focuses to any attempt to restrict access and usage of the creation. Considered that violation in all activities that involve copying or making new digital activities either artistic or literary work available to the public without permission (eg, linking, framing, sharing). Indonesia has ensured the protection of copyrighted works, especially in the digital era, by ratifying international treaties related to copyright in the digital era such as the WIPO Copyrights Treaty (WCT), the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT), and the Beijing Treaty on Audio-Visual Performance. These three treaties regulate economic rights and moral rights for creators and performers, including those related to music and songs in the digital (internet) era Indonesian Copyright Law has regulations about Copyrights Recordation and Its recordation can be applied by applicant(s) even Creator or the Owner of Copyrights to Directorate General Intellectual Property (Indonesia IP Office). Certificate of Recordation will make easy proved if any dispute happening event takes proceedings either court or non-court settlement. Based on the declarative principle, there is a problem about contradiction between recordation and copyright protection which is published in the internet. This article discusses the existence of copyright recordation regulation that causes its to be breached copyright ownership principles to be gotten protection since that creation first time is publicized (first to publish).
SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS INFLUENCING FOOD CROPS DIVERSIFICATION AMONG SMALLHOLDER SUGARCANE FARMERS IN MUMIAS EAST SUB-COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: MALALA MADAPHINE , K. NG’ENO ELIJAH , RIOBA NAOMI
Published: July 2024

Crop diversification is a predominantly important coping mechanism for agriculture's income, production and marketing risks. It is a key strategy for mitigating food insecurity among smallscale farmers in Kenya. It enables them to spread production and income risk, reducing livelihood vulnerability to weather or market shocks. Crop diversification among sugarcane farmers has been on the rise over time due to risks associated with sugarcane production and marketing and declining sugarcane productivity. Consequently, this has led to impaired sugarcane farmer households’ goals of improving food, income and nutrition security. Therefore, the objectives of the study was to determine the socio-economic factors affecting food crop diversification among smallholder sugarcane farmers in Mumias East Sub County. The study was guided by Random Utility Maximization (RUM) theory and descriptive and cross-sectional research designs were adopted. Multistage sampling whereby purposive, stratified and simple random sampling techniques were employed in the study to select 155 farmers from a target population of 11,885 smallholder sugarcane farmer households. A questionnaire was used to collect data and data was analysed multivariate regression model with the help of STATA version 16 software. The analysed data was presented in the form of tables, bar charts and graphs. Descriptive results revealed that the mean age and farming experience of the farmers was 55.72 and 22.76 years respectively and owned on average 4.33 hectares of land. Multivariate linear regression results indicated that age, household income level, education level, land size and household size were all statistically significant and had an influence on food crop diversification among smallholder sugarcane farmers. Binary logistic regression results indicated that a unit increase in age, level of education, land size, membership to a farmers’ group and market price positively influenced farmer participation in diversified cropping system by 117%, 81.7%, 745.5%, 228.2% and 117.3% respectively. Therefore, from the results of this study, relevant stakeholders, county and national governments should come up with an agricultural policy that supports the shift from non-diversification to crop diversification through the development of guaranteed access and subsidies to farm inputs resources that will help boost farm production among smallholder sugarcane farmer households. This will help to solve the issues of food insecurity and also help farmers to realize high-profit margins from their farm output.
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SUSTAINABILITY OF THE ECDE FEEDING PROGRAMME IN TURKANA NORTH SUB COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: C. M. WASIKE SIMON , OTIENO Dr. EVANS , OUKO Dr. SUSAN
Published: July 2024

Feeding programmes are critical for quality education to be realized in all learning institutions starting from Pre-primary to higher levels globally. When there is no provision of meals to children in school, they lack the energy to concentrate in classroom and co-curricular activities. Reports from non-governmental organizations have pointed out food insecurity as the major cause of low participation of learners in schools especially in drought-stricken areas. It is estimated that thousands of children risk dropping out of school because of inadequate food in ECDE centres. The study sought to assess participatory approaches and sustainability of the ECDE feeding programme in Turkana North Sub County. The objective was to; determine the community participation and its influence on the sustainability of ECDE feeding programme. The study is anchored on Systems Theory. A conceptual frame showing the relationship between independent variable (participatory approaches) and dependent variable (sustainability of ECDE feeding programme) was adopted. The study adopted Descriptive survey research design. The target population consisted of SFC chairpersons, and three key informants from the implementing organization directors. Through purposive and simple random sampling technique, 52 respondents were sampled from the target population of 166. The study employed questionnaires and interview schedules as instruments of data collection. The content and construct validity of the data collection instruments were ascertained by supervisors and departmental area experts of social science. A pilot study comprised of 10% of the target population from Turkana central Sub County, Kalokol ward. Reliability of the questionnaire was ascertained through test-retest technique. This involved the use of Cronbach Alpha where coefficient was r>0.75. After obtaining permission from the authorities, a License was obtained from NACOSTI. The respondents were inducted before data collection to make them understand what was required of them. Data was coded by use of SPSS version 28 and analyzed by descriptive statistics that included frequencies, means, and percentages. The results were presented by use of frequency tables, analyzed, and interpreted by use of percentages and means. The study findings revealed that the influence of community participation was not sustaining the ECDE feeding programme. NGOs prioritize community engagement forums to promote community participation in the ECDE feeding programme. The findings will help the stakeholders in the ECDE sector to understand the challenges and devise the best practices on how to sustain the ECDE feeding programme in the study area and other vulnerable areas within Kenya.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET EFFICIENCY: CASE STUDY ON INDONESIA
Authors: ANGELINA GABRIELLE , SAADAH SITI
Published: July 2024

This research examines the foreign exchange market efficiency in Indonesia using currency pairs chosen based on Indonesia’s largest international trading partner by volume, namely, China, United States and Japan. Consequently, the currency pairs used for this research are IDR/USD, IDR/JPY, IDR/CNY. The test utilizes the Augmented Dickey Fuller procedure in determining whether the datasets contain any unit roots in which case foreign exchange price movements follow a random walk movement (non-stationary), or not (stationary). The research findings show that historical data for all three currencies follow a random walk process or the market is weak-form efficient.
DRIVERS OF GENDER DISPARITY AMONG BENEFICIARIES OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN CAMEROON
Authors: FONCHAM BABIT GILBERT , AZIBO BALGAH ROLAND
Published: July 2024

In spite of visible efforts, gender disparity still persists in development projects worldwide, with negative impacts on women’s participation, project outcomes, and sustainability. The growing literature on determinants of gender disparity in development projects is driven mainly by an individual projects agenda that does not generate knowledge of relevance for broad-based policy making at regional, national or international levels. This study explores gender disparity determinants among beneficiaries of development projects in Mezam division in the North West region of Cameroon. Primary data was collected from 450 beneficiaries of six randomly selected development projects in Mezam division, using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse socio-demographic characteristics of the sample, and a weighted linear regression model to identify determinants of gender disparity. 55% (250 individuals) were male, while 45% (200 individuals) were female. Statistically significant gender disparity was observed between respondents across various socio-economic variables, particularly, age, access to land, access to income, employment status, household wealth, access to credit, access to technology, and access to healthcare. The regression model identified household size, land ownership, financial status, access to information and communication technology (ICT), and exposure to crises as key drivers of gender disparity. Based on these findings, the study emphasizes the importance of gender mainstreaming as a key approach to addressing gender disparity among development projects in Cameroon. This can pave the way for promoting gender equality and inclusivity, ultimately enhancing the effectiveness and sustainability of development outcomes for men and women project beneficiaries in Cameroon.
EMBRACING GENDER EQUALITY: MOVING BEYOND THE NOTION OF SUPERIORITY IN NIGERIA (2024)
Authors: MAGAYAKI EMMANUEL CHRISTOPHER , SABO DR SARKINNOMA YAHAYA , JOSEPH OGBANJE IKE
Published: July 2024

The paper analyzes gender equality with a view to moving beyond the notion of superiority in Nigeria. Gender equality is often misconceived as a competition for superiority rather than a celebration of diverse contributions across all genders. This paper advocates for a paradigm shift towards recognizing and celebrating the contributions of all genders, emphasizing collaboration to foster inclusivity. It also mentions the relevance and efficiency of both genders in a national movement especially to foster oneness at all levels. The absence of a particular gender does not mean incapacitation of the other; instead, it could result in less effectiveness in accomplishment of desired goals and targets. Drawing on theoretical framework of intersectionality theory of gender and adopting the secondary method of data collection, the paper underscores the importance of embracing diversity to create a more equitable society; and the accommodation-cum-involvement of each gender for effectiveness. The paper found that the starting point of progress is the merging of the effort of both genders not side lining one to favor the other; not exalting one and relegating the other but exploring both parties’ tendencies for a collective goal. The study recommends that government should invest heavily in affordable and accessible childcare facilities that can enable women to balance work and care giving responsibilities effectively. Providing subsidies or tax incentives for childcare services reduces the financial burden on families and encourages women's workforce participation. Moreover, establishing workplace childcare centers or flexible work arrangements, such as telecommuting or flexible hours, allows parents to manage their work and family commitments more effectively
A fiber-optic spectroscopic setup for isomerization quantum yield determination
Authors: Volker Anouk , Steen Jorn D , Crespi Stefano
Published: July 2024

A spectroscopic setup for isomerization quantum yield determination is reported. The setup combines fiber-coupled LEDs, a commercially calibrated thermopile detector for measurement of the photon flux, and a fiber-coupled UV–vis spectrometer. By solving the rate equations numerically, isomerization quantum yields can be obtained from the UV–vis absorption spectra. We show that our results for the prototypical photoswitch azobenzene are in excellent agreement with the literature. The analysis of the errors showed that the quantum yields determined using this method are in the same order of magnitude as when using actinometry, thus demonstrating the reliability of our setup.
Proceso de Descentralización en el Instituto Nacional de Educación Superior-INAES, Año 2023
Authors: Martínez Fernández Derlis Manuel
Published: July 2024

La presente investigación analiza a profundidad el proceso de descentralización que experimentó el INAES durante su transición hacia la autonomía y autarquía en el año 2019. Para ello se fijaron objetivos específicos centrados en conocer el proceso, las características del modelo, sus fortalezas, limitaciones y aspectos positivos, asimismo, los desafíos a los que se enfrenta con el nuevo modelo de gestión. El diseño de investigación es no experimental, enfoque mixto con características de corte transversal, fenomenológico y explicativo. Se utilizó la entrevista como técnica de recolección de datos cualitativos y de manera cuantitativa se empleó la encuesta. Las entrevistas se aplicaron a cuatro informantes claves, elegidos por su grado de participación en la gestión de políticas públicas y participación en el proceso. Las encuestas incluyeron una muestra de 124 miembros de la comunidad educativa del INAES, compuesta por: 4 Directores, 13 Jefes, 12 Coordinadores y 95 Docentes. Entre los hallazgos se menciona que se logró concretar la planificación de la descentralización del ISE hacia una nueva realidad que hoy es el INAES, en términos político-administrativos y financieros y que existe un alto grado de aceptación y conocimiento de las características del modelo de gestión implementado.
Pabellón Interactivo Multifuncional de Ixtle en Aramberri, Nuevo León, México
Authors: Bribiesca Ortega Alejandro , Villanueva Gómez Leticia , Sánchez Hernández Andrés Armando
Published: July 2024

La presente propuesta se centra en el diseño de un pabellón interactivo multiusos en la comunidad de Aramberri, Nuevo León, México. Además, se ha elegido el ixtle como material principal para este espacio, una fibra vegetal, debido a su alta resistencia y al sentido de pertenencia que brinda a la población, puesto que ésta se produce mayormente en Nuevo León y ha formado parte de la economía de la región desde tiempos precolombinos. A su vez, este pabellón pretende servir como un espacio de interacción para los visitantes con la finalidad de apoyar el desarrollo de capacidades y oportunidades económicas de los habitantes de éste y así revalorizar el trabajo comunitario, fomentar la flexibilidad mental a través de espacios cambiantes y promover la enseñanza, en particular de la fenomenología de la arquitectura.
URANS Prediction of the Hydrodynamic Interactions of Two Ship-like Floating Structures in Regular Waves
Authors: Fahmy Ardhiansyah  , Rudi W Prastianto  , Eko Budi Djatmiko  , Ketut Suastika
Published: July 2024

A side-by-side configuration of floating structures is commonly used in ocean exploration practices, such as offshore vessels for loading and offloading, floating cranes, and offshore floating wind turbines. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method is current practice for the analysis of hydrodynamic interactions of the side-by-side vessels. The purpose of this study is yo carry out a benchmark study of CFD method applied for the above analysis. URANS CFD method was applied utilizing a k-ε turbulence model and a volume of fluid (VOF) method to capture the free surface. Different ratios of wave length to vessel’s length and different gaps between between the vessels were considered in the study. Simulation results show that the wave length to vessel’s length ratio /L affects significantly the wave pattern around the vessels and inside the gap. For the shorter waves, the gap influences the wave pattern both inside and outside the gap. Further, the pressure distribution on the keel surface of the vessels is asymmetric about the vertical center plane along the vessel, which resulted in roll motion eventhough the vessel is in head seas. Roll motion was observed in all gap variations considered. Amplitude modulation was observed in the heave and pitch motions, while generation of side-band frequency components were observed in the roll motion, which indicate a non-linear fluid-structure interaction.