bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Realisasi Pengeluaran Pemerintah Daerah Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Yuliarti Yuliarti
Published: March 2021

To create positive economic growth and maintain economic stability, the role of the government is needed. The implementation of regional autonomy since early 2001 is a form of government strategy to encourage economic growth not only in the regions around the center but also in areas that are far from the center's reach. The implementation of regional autonomy is in accordance with Law No.22 of 1999 concerning regional autonomy, as well as Law No. 32 of 2004 concerning local government. The government can regulate the course of the economy by determining the amount of government revenue and expenditure each year, which is reflected in the National Budget (APBN) for the national budget and the Regional Budget (APBD) for the region or region. This government expenditure is a form of fiscal policy. During the period of 2010-2019, it can be seen that the realization of the expenditure of the government of West Sumatra is more used for indirect expenditure than direct expenditure. For the average economic growth rate over the past ten years, West Sumatra has the second highest average growth rate compared to other provinces, which is 2.24%, but the growth rate per year is still fluctuating and even more often decreases in percentage. Therefore, the authors are interested in examining how the influence of the realization of government spending on economic growth in West Sumatra. The purpose of this study is to find out how much influence the realization of government spending on economic growth in West Sumatra Province. This research uses quantitative data. The data analysis model used is simple linear regression and includes statistical tests. The results of the study show that government spending has a significant effect on economic growth in the province of West Sumatra.
利他主義和醫生協助死亡
Authors: GUNDERSON Martin , MAYO David J.
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese我們假定一項允許醫生協助死亡的法律獲得通過。我們指出，使這項法律獲得通過的基本理由在於對個人自主性的尊重、避免遭受痛苦以及尊嚴地死去的可能性。我們還將探討一旦法律通過將引發的兩個道德問題。首先，我們論證通過協助死亡法律的基本理由可以為協助出於利他主義理由動機和出於自我利益理由動機的病人死去辯護；其次，我們論證通過醫生協助死亡法律的理由可以為將該法律擴展到既包括臨終病人又包括非臨終病人辯護。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 75 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
關於無效定義的探討
Authors: BRODY Baruch A. , HALEVY Amir
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese本文將文獻中所提出的無效分為四種主要型：生理無效、臨死無效、致命性疾病無效和質量無效；提出了任何無效定義必須滿足的五個條件：精確性條件、預期性條件、社會認可條件、顯著性條件和不同意條件。文章認為，迄今文獻中所提出的無效定義無一滿足這五個條件，其主要原因是，定義的提出者未對支援其定義使用的資料的問題性給予足夠的重視。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 24 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
中、美醫學倫理道德的多元性: 導向一種詮釋的跨文化生命倫理學
Authors: NIE Jing-Bao
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese從20世紀70年代後期以來，美國對中國醫學倫理學的評價及中國對美國生命倫理學的反應，經歷了從坦直的批評到熱情的讚揚，從拒絕到接受的過程。但是無論在美國還是在中國，美國的生命倫理學與中國的醫學倫理學一直被認為分別代表了個性主義和社區主義或集體主義這兩種不同取向。這種一般性的對比被人們廣泛地接受，於是中美醫學倫理道德自身的巨大差異，特別是中國醫德經歷的內在多樣性，即使不說被全部忽略了，至少是不幸地被輕視了。不管是美國的生命倫理學還是中國的醫學倫理學，二者都不只有一種占主導地位的思維方式。在美國和中國－－傳統與現代－－的醫學倫理都是複雜與多樣的。例如，美國和中國的文化與醫學倫理都顯示出個人主義與社區主義的傳統。無論是一般的生命倫理學還是跨文化生命倫理學從本質上都是詮釋性的。詮釋性的跨文化生命倫理學重視任何文化中醫學倫理道德的多元性。通過詮釋，跨文化生命倫理學可作為一種社會與文化批評的重要手段。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 31 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
Sistema de expertos y la Contabilidad
Authors: Pérez Trejos Leidy Karina
Published: March 2021

Para nadie es un secreto, que hoy las tecnologías de la información se han convertido en herramientas útiles e indispensables para las actividades propias de la industria, el comercio, la empresa, los negocios, y el desarrollo del trabajo. Este estudio busca aclarar conceptualmente qué es un sistema de expertos en la generalidad, y de nirlo luego en el campo del sistema contable, asumiendo en profundidad la naturaleza, utilidad, y aplicaciones de este dominio del conocimiento, su experticia en el campo de la contabilidad. Haciéndolo importante, dado que la intrusión de los sistemas de expertos, ha sido de una gran utilidad, porque de la informatización estructurada, convencional de suministrar datos e información, se ha pasado a la del conocimiento, logrando mejorar la calidad de los trabajos profesionales y disminuyendo el tiempo de ejecución.
Estructuras organizacionales y Nueva Ruralidad: el rol de las cooperativas en el desarrollo territorial rural
Authors: Alvarez Montalvo Amparo
Published: March 2021

Las organizaciones dinámicas se caracterizan por su complejidad, incertidumbre y capacidad para evolucionar y adaptarse a nuevos entornos. En los territorios rurales los cambios gestados en las sociedades modernas han propiciado la aparición de la denominada nueva ruralidad, que articula la tradicional dimensión productiva de agricultura con las restantes (social, institucional, ambiental, educativa y cultural), resultando en un ambiente más dinámico, competido y exigente para las organizaciones participantes. En este escenario, modelos horizontales de organización como las cooperativas retoman importancia para materializar la acción colectiva. Para abordar el tema se diseñó una investigación cualitativa, cuyo objetivo fue contrastar los fundamentos teóricos de las estructuras de organización vertical y horizontal para el desarrollo territorial rural. Los principales aportes revelan la idoneidad de las cooperativas como modelos de organizaciones horizontales más flexibles para la gestión del negocio rural. Estas permiten además alcanzar exitosamente una transición desde la teoría (ideal de la acción colectiva) a la práctica (organizaciones sociales hacia fines comunes específicos), basada en los recursos y especificidades del territorio, así como en la sustentabilidad de las funciones por ellas ejecutadas en el tiempo y en la cohesión comunitaria.
Competencia digital y formación profesional en el turismo. Una revisión de literatura
Authors: Arango Morales Ámbar Jazmín , Tamayo Salcedo Ana Leticia , Delgado Cruz Alejandro
Published: March 2021

El objetivo es analizar las investigaciones sobre la competencia digital durante el proceso de formación profesional en turismo. Para ello, se optó por una revisión sistemática y análisis contenido de artículos científicos. Los criterios de selección consideraron el acceso abierto de los artículos, su localización en reconocidas bases de datos y repositorios iberoamericanos y, su publicación durante el periodo 2010-2019. Los resultados muestran la necesidad de incorporar en la formación profesional en turismo, competencias congruentes con el contexto digital que se está presentando en la sociedad.
La repetición de contenidos escolares: oportunidad para el reforzamiento curricular en Ingeniería
Authors: Cruz Capitaine Roberto , Camarillo Montero Jesús Antonio , Ricaño Herrera Francisco , Morales Martínez Martha Edith
Published: March 2021

Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos en un estudio realizado por la Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica de la Universidad Veracruzana (UV) acerca de los saberes mínimos requeridos por estudiantes del área técnica que acceden del nivel medio superior al superior. A través de un examen diagnóstico del área físico-matemática y una revisión curricular, se documenta inicialmente la pertinencia de la forma en que los alumnos se afrontan reiteradamente a la repetición de contenidos desde el bachillerato hasta los primeros semestres de la universidad. Se problematiza la conveniencia y las dificultades que este hecho representa; se pone en evidencia ante las autoridades competentes un ajuste de contenidos temáticos irrepetibles entre las escuelas de nivel bachillerato y las licenciaturas en Ingeniería. El objetivo final es demostrar la necesidad de creación de espacios dentro de los contenidos temáticos en la universidad, incrementar la calidad en los conocimientos y ofrecer una mejor preparación matemática, tecnológica y cultural para el estudiante.
Methylmalonic acidemia in Pediatrics: case report
Authors: Colombiano Catherine , Sampaio Rafael , Oliveira Filho Antonio , Santos Rachel , Pinasco Gustavo , Manhabusque Katia , Santos Vinicius
Published: March 2021

Methylmalonic acidemia was first described in 1967 and represents an autosomal recessive disease originating from a disorder of propionate metabolism. Although rare, it is one of the most frequent inborn errors of organic acid metabolism. The disease can manifest itself in the first days of life or have late onset in childhood. The therapy is based on protein restriction and carnitine supplementation. The present study reports a case of an infant who was seen at the hospitals emergency room with vomiting, dehydration, fever, adynamia, hyporexia, hypotonia and hyporesponsiveness, and developmental delay. Started research for methylmalonic acidemia and confirmed diagnosis through laboratory tests. Therefore, it is important to have studies and research on rare genetic diseases so that medical professionals can update, diagnose and seek early treatment for such patients.
New Media in Public Relations: A Study of New Media in Ragunan Zoo as a Tourism Destination
Authors: Febrina Diah , Halim Umar
Published: March 2021

Globalization has made the inhabitants of the world interconnected more closely in almost every aspect of life because of the speed of information obtained. One of the important things that need to be considered in realizing the process of globalization is the development of information technology. The development of information technology has led to the emergence of new media. The new media is being used in various industries and business including in tourism industry. Public relation practitioners working in tourism industry take benefits of new media as means of communication and promotion. Ragunan Zoo is a tourist destination located in South Jakarta, Indonesia. The development of the era led to the development of strategy in introducing this tourism destination to local and overseas tourists. The types of new media that this tourism destination exploits are websites, social media, and mobile phone applications.
Family Communication in Mixed Marriage Couples Between Indonesia-Australia
Authors: Sirait Albert Donatius , Noor Efni Salam  , Yasir
Published: March 2021

The way each person communicates depends on culture; language, rules, and norms of each. Culture has the responsibility for all communicative behavior and meaning that everyone has. Communication difficulties faced by the individuals involved are caused by differences in their respective cultural expectations. Differences in cultural expectations can lead to fatal risks, one of which is a misunderstanding. In intermarried family life there will be a misunderstanding of intercultural communication, which involves all family members. This situation can lead to an agreement to recognize one culture that will dominate or develop another culture which is a fusion of the two cultures (third culture), or even both cultures can go together in one family. This study discusses family communication in mixed marriage couples between Indonesia and Australia. The research carried out is intended to find out and analyze the negotiation of self-identity in interactions, conflict management mediated by face and culture, family communication processes, inhibiting factors, and supporting family communication in mixed marriage couples between Indonesia and Australia. Using advanced negotiation theory and symbolic interaction theory. In this study, the authors used a descriptive qualitative method. The data collection techniques used are through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data obtained shows that Mindfulness: Acceptance of new cultures, in terms of language (using both languages), nature (Australia: Individualism-Indonesia: collectivism). Mindlessness: Stereotype, perspective, building tolerance, dealing with habits, opening up to accept a new culture.
Quantum Chemical Studies and Pharmacophore Modeling for Designing Novel Keap1 Antagonists that Enhance Nrf2 Mediated Neuroprotection
Authors: Srinidhi FNU
Published: March 2021

In recent years, the significance of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of Neurodegenerative/developmental disorders like Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's is being studied at an accelerating pace. Nrf2 activation via Keap1 inhibition is an established strategy for improving the activity of the cellular antioxidant mechanism. In this study, pharmacophore modeling was employed to design efficient Keap1 inhibitors from well-known polypharmacological phytochemicals after extensive structural modifications to improve their pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness qualities (BBB > 0.9, HIA > 0.85). Density functional theory-based quantum chemical calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level of theory were performed for the geometry optimization of the novel ligands and for computing their electronic properties. Resveratrol-4 was found to be the most desirable candidate with an ΔE = 4.24497 eV. HOMO and LUMO distribution of the Resveratrol-4 was found to be very favourable for keap1 binding. Molecular docking studies and comparative interaction analysis also ranked the Resveratrol-4 derivative as the best multi-domain antagonist of the Keap1 protein with a binding affinity of -8 kcal/mole. The following study presents the application of Resveratrol-4 a novel, modified, phytochemical derivative, as an efficient antagonist of the Keap1 protein for enhancing nrf2 mediated neuroprotection from redox insults.
A Data-Driven Dimensionality Reduction Approach to Compare and Classify Lipid Force Fields
Authors: Capelli Riccardo , Gardin Andrea , Empereur-mot Charly , Doni Giovanni , Pavan Giovanni M.
Published: March 2021

Molecular dynamics simulations of all-atom and coarse-grained lipid bilayer models are increasingly used to obtain insights useful for understanding the structural dynamics of these assemblies. In this context, one crucial point concerns the comparison of the performance and accuracy of classical force fields (FFs), which sometimes remains elusive. To date, the assessments performed on different classical potentials are mostly based on the comparison with experimental observables, which typically regard average properties. However, local differences of structure and dynamics, which are poorly captured by average measurements, can make a difference, but these are non-trivial to catch. Here we propose an agnostic way to compare different FFs at different resolutions (atomistic, united-atom, and coarse-grained), by means of a high-dimensional similarity metrics built on the framework of Smooth Overlap of Atomic Positions (SOAP). We compare and classify a set of 13 force fields, modeling 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) bilayers. Our SOAP kernels-based metrics allows us to compare, discriminate and correlate different force fields at different model resolutions in an unbiased, high-dimensional way. This also captures differences between FFs in modeling non-average events (originating from local transitions), such as for example the liquid-to-gel phase transition in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) bilayers, for which our metrics allows to identify nucleation centers for the phase transition, highlighting some intrinsic resolution limitations in implicit vs. explicit solvent force fields.
Mechanistic Investigations Towards a Successful PET with Breslow-Intermediates
Authors: Phan Jenny , Rehbein Julia
Published: March 2021

Experimental mechanistic studies to learn about suitable conditions for a successful photocatalytic oxidation of Breslow intermediates.Key findings a) address the effect of additives (oxidative, reductive) and assembly effects on PET and the dark reaction, b) include the experimental support of a SET + HAT sequence directly connecting the primary adduct of aldhyde and NHC and the Breslow intermediate.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of the Archaeal Lipid Parallel GDGT-0
Authors: Falk Isaac D. , Gál Bálint , Bhattacharya Ahanjit , Wei Jeremy H. , Welander Paula V. , Boxer Steven , Burns Noah
Published: March 2021

Archaeal glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) are some of the most unusual membrane lipids identified in nature. These amphiphiles are the major constituents of the membranes of numerous Archaea, some of which are extremophilic organisms. Due to their unique structures, there has been significant interest in studying both the biophysical properties and the biosynthesis of these molecules. However, these studies have thus far been hampered by limited access to chemically pure samples. Herein, we report a concise and stereoselective synthesis of the archaeal tetraether lipid GDGT-0 and the synthesis and self-assembly of derivatives bearing different polar groups.
Synthesis of Multi-Protein Complexes through Charge-Directed Sequential Activation of Tyrosine Residues
Authors: Mogilevsky Casey S. , Lobba Marco , Brauer Daniel D. , Marmelstein Alan , Maza Johnathan , Gleason Jamie M. , Doudna Jennifer A. , Francis Matthew
Published: March 2021

Site-selective protein-protein coupling has long been a goal of chemical biology research. In recent years, that goal has been realized to varying degrees through a number of techniques, including the use of tyrosinase-based coupling strategies. Early publications utilizing tyrosinase from Agaricus bisporus showed the potential to convert tyrosine residues into ortho-quinone functional groups, but this enzyme is challenging to produce recombinantly and suffers from some limitations in substrate scope. Initial screens of several tyrosinase candidates revealed that the tyrosinase from Bacillus megaterium (megaTYR) as an enzyme that possesses a broad substrate tolerance. We use the expanded substrate preference as a starting point for protein design experiments and show that single point mutants of megaTYR are capable of activating tyrosine residues in various sequence contexts. We leverage this new tool to enable the construction of protein trimers via a charge-directed sequential activation of tyrosine residues (CDSAT).
Stable Boron-Containing Blue-Photoluminescent Radicals
Authors: Feng Zhongtao , Chong Yuanyuan , Tang Shuxuan , Ruan Huapeng , Fang Yong , Zhao Yue , Jiang Jun , Wang Xinping
Published: March 2021

It is highly urgent to develop synthetic strategies to make new category of stable luminescent radicals with desired emission wavelength. In this study, we have isolated two dioxoborocyclic radicals ( 3 and 4 ) by a direct sy nthetic rou te. They were charac terized by UV, EPR spectroscopy and SQUID measurements. Their structures were obtained by single crystal X ray diffraction. Both radicals produce blue photoluminescence (458 nm for 3 and 478 nm for 4 ) by radiative decay from higher excited states (D2/D3) to the ground state (D0) based on theoretical calculation, breaking Kasha rule. The work records a new kind of radical emitters and the first stable radicals with blue emission bands.
Evidence of Bulk Proton Insertion in Nanostructured Anatase and Amorphous TiO2 Electrodes
Authors: Makivic Nikolina , Cho Jae-Young , Harris Kenneth D. , Tarascon Jean-Marie , Limoges Benoit , Balland Véronique
Published: March 2021

Crystalline structures and lattice water molecules are believed to strongly influence the ability of metal oxides to reversibly and rapidly insert protons in aqueous batteries. In the present work, we performed a systematic analysis of the electrochemical charge storage properties of nanostructured TiO2 electrodes composed of either anatase or amorphous TiO2 in a mild buffered aqueous electrolyte. We demonstrate that both materials allow reversible bulk proton insertion up to a maximal reversible gravimetric capacity of ~150 mA·h·g-1. We also show that the TiO2 crystallinity governs the energetics of the charge storage process, with a phase transition for anatase, while having little effect on either the interfacial charge-transfer kinetics or the apparent rate of proton diffusivity within the metal oxide. Finally, with both TiO2 electrodes, reversible proton insertion leads to gravimetric capacities as high as 95 mA·h·g-1 at 75 C. We also reveal two competitive reactions decreasing the Coulombic efficiency at low rates, i.e. hydrogen evolution and a non-faradaic self-discharge reaction. Overall, this work provides a comprehensive overview of the proton-coupled electrochemical reactivity of TiO2 and highlights the key issues to be solved in order to truly benefit from the unique properties of protons as fast charge carriers in metal oxides.
Refinement and Extension of COSMO-RS-Trained Fragment Contribution Models for Predicting Partition Properties of C10–20 Chlorinated Paraffin Congeners
Authors: Endo Satoshi
Published: March 2021

COSMO-RS-trained fragment contribution models (FCMs) to predict partition properties of chlorinated paraffin (CP) congeners were refined and extended. The improvement includes (i) the use of an improved conformer generation method for COSMO-RS, (ii) extension of training and validation sets for FCMs up to C20 congeners covering short-chain (SCCPs), medium-chain (MCCPs) and long-chain CPs (LCCPs), and (iii) more realistic simulation of industrial CP mixture compositions by using a stochastic algorithm. Extension of the training set markedly improved the accuracy of model predictions for MCCPs and LCCPs, as compared to the previous study. The predicted values of the log octanol/water partition coefficients (Kow) for CP mixtures agreed well with experimentally determined values from the literature. Using the established FCMs, this study provided a set of quantum chemically based predictions for 193 congener groups (C10–20, Cl0–21) regarding Kow, air/water (Kaw), and octanol/air (Koa) partition coefficients, subcooled liquid vapor pressure (VP) and aqueous solubility (Sw) in a temperature range of 5–45 °C as well as the respective enthalpy and internal energy changes.

This is a preprint version and has not yet been peer reviewed.
Bolaamphiphilic Bis-Dehydropeptide Hydrogels as Potential Drug Release Systems
Authors: Amorim Carolina , Veloso Sergio R.S. , Castanheira Elisabete M.S. , Hilliou Loic , Pereira Renato B. , M. Pereira David , Martins José A. , Jervis Peter J. , Ferreira Paula
Published: March 2021

The self-assembly of nanometric structures from molecular building blocks is an effectiveway to make new functional materials for biological and technological applications. In this workfour symmetrical bolaamphiphiles based on dehydrodipeptides(phenylalanyldehydrophenylalanine and tyrosyldehydrophenylalanine) linked through phenylor naphthyl linkers (terephthalic acid and 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid) were prepared andtheir self-assembly properties studied. The results showed that all compounds with the exceptionof the bolaamphiphile of tyrosyldehydrophenylalanine and 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acidgave self-standing hydrogels with critical gelation concentrations of 0.3 and 0.4 wt% using a pHtrigger. The self-assembly of these hydrogelators was investigated using STEM microscopy,which revealed a network of entangled fibres. According to rheology the dehydrodipeptidebolaamphiphile hydrogelators are viscoelastic materials with an elastic modulus G’ that falls inthe range of native tissue (0.37 kPa brain – 4.5 kPa cartilage). In viability and proliferation studies,it was found that these compounds were non-toxic towards the human keratinocyte cell line,HaCaT. In sustained release assays, we studied the effects of the charge present on the modeldrug compound on the rate of cargo release from the hydrogel networks. Methylene blue (MB),methyl orange (MO) and ciprofloxacin were chosen as cationic, anionic and overall neutral cargo,respectively. These studies have shown that the hydrogels provide a sustained release of methylorange and ciprofloxacin, while the methylene blue is retained by the hydrogel network.
Rapid Removal of Fluoride from Water Using Core@shell and @Shell Nanoparticles of SiO2@ZrO2 and @ZrO2. Investigation of the Mechanisms Involved and Impact of Elemental Leaching
Authors: Iván Maisuls , Martin Yolanda Castro , Duran Alicia , Lariviere Dominic , Arnal Pablo
Published: March 2021

Fluoride is a natural contaminant of water ⁠that endangers many people worldwide when present in concentrations higher than 2 ppm. Here, fluoride removal by four different nanostructured colloidal particles (SiO2@ZrO2nc, SiO2@ZrO2c, @ZrO2nc, and @ZrO2c) was measured in batch systems within a period of 24 h. Surprisingly, these materials removed fluoride from the water solutions and reached equilibrium in less than 10 minutes. The combination of high specific surface and fast fluoride removal placed these materials among the top materials currently known in fluoride removal. Also, the impact of element leaching was measured and quantified. The influence of time, pH, and fluoride concentration on leaching of Zr and Si was evaluated with a response surface methodology. Leaching of Zr and Si continued for several hours and depended on first-order, quadratic and cross-product coefficients. Previous studies of fluoride removal with zirconium oxide often assumed that a decrease in fluoride concentration in the solution indicated that fluoride was bound to the surface of the oxide. Zirconium oxide's solubility in water is low, but not zero. Hence, Zr might have formed soluble fluorocomplexes. This is the first report of fluoride removal with zirconium oxide that studied the leaching of the solid to exclude the formation of soluble fluorocomplexes.
Capillary Flow Experiments (Capflex) for Thermodynamic and Kinetic Characterization of Protein LLPS at High Throughput
Authors: Stender Emil G. P. , Norrild Rasmus Krogh , Larsen Jacob Aunstrup , Jensen Henrik , Buell Alexander
Published: March 2021

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of proteins is a field of mounting importance to life sciences. We present a new method, Capflex, that can easily be automated, allowing rapid and accurate quantification of key parameters for LLPS. Dilute phase concentration, relative droplet size distributions and the kinetics of droplet formation are quantified. Uniquely, the binding affinity between the polypeptide undergoing LLPS and LLPS-modulating compounds can also be determined. We applied Capflex to characterize the LLPS of Ddx4n1 and found that PEG3000 and Ca2+ promotes LLPS while ssDNA is detrimental. Furthermore, we characterized the membraneless organelle model system RP3 and provide the first experimentally recorded affinity of RP3 for DNA. We believe the high information content and high throughput of Capflex makes it a valuable tool for characterizing biomolecular LLPS.
Prenatal Ultrasonographic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnosis of Occipital Meningio-Encephalocele- An Interesting Case Report
Authors: Karthik Krishna Ramakrishnan  , Ashwini Govisetty  , Naveen Nagendran  , Meyyappan Meenakshisomasundaram  , Paarthipan Natarajan  , Seena Cheppala Rajan
Published: March 2021

Meningo encephalocele is a congenital anomaly and is a neural tube defect with occipital meningo encephalocele being the most common and is a result of a failure of the surface ectoderm to separate from the neuroectoderm. This condition can be identified in 1st trimester in 80% of cases and almost all by 2nd trimester. A 20-year-old third gravida was referred for antenatal Ultrasonography at five months of amenorrhoea to rule out fetal anomalies. On targeted imaging, for fetal anomalies, a defect was seen in occipital bone with herniation of posterior fossa contents with overlying meningeal covering. No other fetal anomalies were noted. A diagnosis of isolated occipital meningoencephalocele was made with additional fetal MRI correlation. The mother underwent termination of her pregnancy by Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology because of the grim fetal prognosis. The mother was advised to plan the subsequent pregnancies and was advised pre-conceptional folic acid supplementation. We present a case of isolated occipital meningoencephalocele- a rare congenital anomaly which was diagnosed prenatally in our hospital. This case provides an opportunity for identifying such neurological defects early and prompt termination of pregnancy to prevent comorbidity to mother. This study also helps to establish occipital meninigioencephalocele as an isolated clinicoradiological diagnosis and to distinguish it from syndrome associated occipital meninigioencephalocele or those associated with other neural tube defects like Chiari III malformations. It also allows us to stress once again the role of periconceptional folic acid in preventing the occurrence of neural tube defects.
Clinicopathological study of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
Authors: Ramesh M. Oswal  , Mahendra A. Patil  , Sujata M. Kumbhar  , Jyoti S. Tele  , Atul B. Hulwan
Published: March 2021

Several potential etiologic risk factors have been evaluated for the development of complete hydatidiform mole. The two established risk factors that have emerged are extremes of maternal age and prior molar pregnancy. Advanced or very young maternal age has consistently correlated with higher rates of complete hydatidiform mole. Compared to women aged 21- 35 years, the risk of a complete mole is 1.9 times higher for women both more than 35 years and less than 21 years as well as 7.5 times higher for women more than 40 years. (49, 50) The risk of repeat molar pregnancy after 1 mole is about 1% or about 10-20 times the risk for the general population. The present study on the gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) was carried out as it is one of the fascinating gynaecological tumours. Hence a clinicopathological study of gestational trophoblastic disease was undertaken with relevance to the histopathological study of GTD and clinical correlation.
Comparing efficacy and safety of sodium valproate with propranolol in paediatric migraine prophylaxis
Authors: Varsha Gajbhiye  , Lamture Yashwant R  , Sadama Quazi
Published: March 2021

Migraine is a common disorder of the paediatric age group. Propranolol has been used in prophylaxis for migraine.  The use of Sodium valproate in the prophylaxis of migraine is not known. It is postulated that it increases the level of GABA in the brain that will decrease events related to migraine in the cortex. All parents of the patient were advised to keep diaries for noting time, date, severity and duration of headache during the study period, which was for a period of 6 wks. The decreased frequency of headache more than in Group A was 68% and propranolol group was 68.89%. In group A(sodium valproate), patients showed a reduction in headache duration and 52% in Group B. 20% of them headache free in Group A and 18% in Group B. Decrease in the severity of headache in Group A was 52% while 50% in Group B. The mean headache frequency before and after treatment was reduced from 8 to 2.5 attacks per month in group A and from 8.2 to 2.6 in group B. The t-value is 11 for group A. Sodium valproate is more effective and safer in migraine prophylaxis as compared with propranolol.
Cancer-associated cells release citrate to support tumour metastatic progression
Authors: Drexler Konstantin , Schmidt Katharina M , Jordan Katrin , Federlin Marianne , Milenkovic Vladimir M , Liebisch Gerhard , Artati Anna , Schmidl Christian , Madej Gregor , Tokarz Janina , Cecil Alexander , Jagla Wolfgang , Haerteis Silke , Aung Thiha , Wagner Christine , Kolodziejczyk Maria , Heinke Stefanie , Stanton Evan H , Schwertner Barbara , Riegel Dania , Wetzel Christian H , Buchalla Wolfgang , Proescholdt Martin , Klein Christoph A , Berneburg Mark , Schlitt Hans J , Brabletz Thomas , Ziegler Christine , Parkinson Eric K , Gaumann Andreas , Geissler Edward K , Adamski Jerzy , Haferkamp Sebastian , Mycielska Maria E
Published: March 2021

Citrate is important for lipid synthesis and epigenetic regulation in addition to ATP production. We have previously reported that cancer cells import extracellular citrate via the pmCiC transporter to support their metabolism. Here, we show for the first time that citrate is supplied to cancer by cancer-associated stroma (CAS) and also that citrate synthesis and release is one of the latter’s major metabolic tasks. Citrate release from CAS is controlled by cancer cells through cross-cellular communication. The availability of citrate from CAS regulated the cytokine profile, metabolism and features of cellular invasion. Moreover, citrate released by CAS is involved in inducing cancer progression especially enhancing invasiveness and organ colonisation. In line with the in vitro observations, we show that depriving cancer cells of citrate using gluconate, a specific inhibitor of pmCiC, significantly reduced the growth and metastatic spread of human pancreatic cancer cells in vivo and muted stromal activation and angiogenesis. We conclude that citrate is supplied to tumour cells by CAS and citrate uptake plays a significant role in cancer metastatic progression.
So High you can't get over it: Neo-classicism, Modernism and Colonial Practice in the forming of a Twenieth Century Architectural Landmark
Authors: Findlay Michael
Published: March 2021

Amyas Connell (1901-80) was a New Zealand architect and a leading figure in British modernism. His first commission, High and Over (1929-31) for the archaeologist and classical scholar Bernard Ashmole was described as the first fully worked out modernist house built in England. The project drew attention from a wide range of architectural critics including Howard Robertson and the Country Life writer Christopher Hussey. A short film entitled The House of a Dream made by British Pathé ensured the house was seen by the large cinema audience in 1931. High and Over became more contentious over time when Connell's intention to combine classical and modern design tendencies was criticised by more doctrinaire modernists. High and Over occupies a place where the traditions of classicism and the emergent features of modernism intersect. Connell's path, if taken, may have produced a distinctively British form of classical modernism. [NEW PARAGRAPH] This paper seeks to establish the context for High and Over from a New Zealand perspective and through comparison with other projects by colonial architects in Britain. Connell's critical profile has been shaped by the notion that British modernism was in the hands of "Wild Colonial Boys," a soubriquet used to frame Connell's work in the 1930s by the British writer Dennis Sharp. In this interpretation, the depth of Connell's experience prior to High and Over is overlooked. Connell's partnership with the Australian-born Stewart Lloyd Thomson (1902-90) has not been covered in any previous study of the Connell, Ward and Lucas practice. The High and Over project included a number of related structures set in a landscape plan not usually included in analysis of the complex whole. The relationship between the garden plan and the designs of the Armenian architect Gabriel Guévrékian seen at the Paris Exposition and the Villa Noailles at Hyéres (1927) has also not been traversed.
Modernism and the Quadrangular Courtyard: Wellington's Berhampore Flats, 1938-1940
Authors: Gatley Julia
Published: March 2021

Wellington's Berhampore Flats (1938-40) are recognised as being among the first full expressions of modernist architecture in New Zealand. This paper teases out and complicates the accepted interpretation of the Berhampore Flats as being, by New Zealand standards, stylistically advanced, by focusing on one of the ways in which it remained conventional, namely, its retention of a quadrangular courtyard layout. The paper outlines the British medieval, educational, garden city and garden suburb associations of the quadrangular courtyard layout, suggests a possible lineage for Wilson's use of this layout at Berhampore and considers the implications of his use of the quadrangle in combination with the flat roofs and lack of applied ornament of modernism. The aim of this paper is not to challenge the accepted interpretation of the Berhampore Flats as being stylistically advanced by New Zealand standards, but rather to expand upon and enrich this interpretation by acknowledging that multiple threads and influences can be read into the design.
Conditions of Contracts and Dinner Invitations: traces of the Architect in Dunedin Builders' Association Archives
Authors: McCarthy Christine
Published: March 2021

The institutional records of builders in Otago in the 1890s are more comprehensively preserved that those of architects. These are primarily represented by the archives of the Dunedin Builders and Contractors' Association, and they provide a specific point of view of the profession of architect during the decade. This paper will examine how these records represent the relationships between builders and architects and the emerging attempts to define these trades and professions with their distinct contributions to, and benefits gained from, the processes of design and building architecture.
"From over-sweet cake to wholemeal bread": the Home & Building years: New Zealand Architecture in the 1940s
Authors: McCarthy Christine
Published: March 2021

In 1940, when Helen Gosset, writing for the New Zealand Home & Building, asked her readers to "[a]nalyze for a moment the intricate exterior design which meets one's eye from the streets of a modern city," she gave a vivid account of urban life of that decade:A complexity of motor wheels, iron girders, tall window - dotted buildings, flashing electric signs, vivid shop windows, traffic signals, and as a back drop for all this, the bustle of modern industry. These things make up the lives of moderns. Is it any wonder that they find a certain comfort in straight lines and the absence of ornament?
Making a Place: Mangakino 1946-1962
Authors: Linzey Kate
Published: March 2021

In between Whakamaru (1949-56) and Maraetai (1946-53) dams, on the Waikato River, sits Mangakino. Planned and built from c.1948 to 1951, by the Town Planning section of the Ministry of Works, the civic centre was to provide housing and services for the work force on the Maraetai scheme. The architectural design of these dams has previously been discussed as the work of émigré architect, Fredrick Neumann/Newman (Leach), and the town, as that of Ernst Plischke (Lloyd-Jenkins, Sarnitz). In 1949 the plan for Mangakino was published, alongside the plan for Upper Hutt, in the February-March edition of the Design Review. As two "rapidly growing towns," Upper Hutt and Mangakino are briefly reviewed in the context of two essays ("Who wants community centres?" and "Community Centres" by HCD Somerset), an outline of the curriculum of the new School of Architecture and Town Planning, run by the Wellington Architectural Centre, and notification of the 1948 Town Planning Amendment Act. As published in the Design Review, the plan of Mangakino includes a church in the south west, with the sporting facilities to the north and Rangatira Drive flanking a shopping strip on the east. The church sits in a field of grass, isolated and apparently serene. In the drawing published in the monograph Ernst Plischke, however, this building has been cropped off. Focusing on the case of Mangakino, this essay will review the discourse of town planning for secular and religious community in the late 1940s. This era, framed by the end of World War II and the deepening of the Cold War, is seen as the context for industrial action, a changing sense of nationalism, and small town New Zealand as the site of civil dispute.
War, America, and Modernity: Anscombe's revival of the Combination Factory
Authors: McCarthy Christine
Published: March 2021

Following the success of the design of the 1939-40 Centennial Exhibition, Edmund Anscombe began investigating factory architecture. This interest - which had entertained him since before his 1919 publication Modern Industrial Development - characterised the last eight years of his life, apparent in his office's factory designs for: Samuel Brown Ltd (1940,1943), the Disabled Soldiers' Vocational Centre/Rehabilitation League (1942-43), Die Castings Ltd, Lower Hutt (1943) and the WH Symmington & Co.'s factory, Palmerston North (1948). This paper examines this work in relation to his visit to America in 1940 and his proposal for a combined factory on Aotea Quay (1943).
Into the closet: the spread of consumption and fitted furniture in the 1940s, with particular reference to the houses of Bernard Johns
Authors: Vale Brenda , Vale Robert
Published: March 2021

The houses of Bernard Johns are characterised by a delight in cupboards, from the very small and quirky to fully fitted kitchens and bedrooms. The increasing use of fitted cupboards and other furniture in the twentieth century produced an interior that was controlled by the architect. National economies after WWII were propped up by encouraging increased consumption of material goods, and this in turn produced a demand for more storage inside the home. This period saw the cupboard move from a separate piece of furniture or a simple storage space created to the side of the chimney breast to become part of the architecture of most houses. These themes will be explored with reference to the particular characteristics of cupboards in Johns" houses of the period contrasted with the use of fitted cupboards in the first (1949) house of the Group.
"You have no idea": Women in Architecture in the Eighties
Authors: Matthewson Gill
Published: March 2021

A number of moves in the seventies had meant that more women than ever before were in architecture schools and by the eighties they were flooding into the profession.  Over the decade their numbers quadrupled (as measured by registration) as women moved from the exception to the norm.  But their impact was variable.  This paper will try to tease out that impact from women-only practices to support groups to what they published to moves away from the profession.
Abstraction and Artifice
Authors: Southcombe Mark
Published: March 2021

This paper reflects on the architecture of the Wanganui Community Arts Centre 1989, and local, national and international contexts of its design and realisation. It documents and records the project and its history. It advances a reading of the project and its critical aspirations based on personal experience, documentation and the characteristics of the architecture. Finally, with reference to Jan Turnovsky's The Poetics of a Wall Projection implications of an architect writing history of architecture is reflected on.
The health of older New Zealanders in relation to housing tenure: analysis of pooled data from three consecutive, annual New Zealand Health Surveys
Authors: Pledger Megan , McDonald Janet , Dunn P , Cumming Jacqueline , Saville-Smith K
Published: March 2021

© 2019 The Authors Objective: To explore relationships between the housing tenure of older New Zealanders and their health-related behaviours, and physical and mental health. Methods: Pooled data were analysed for 15,626 older adults (aged 55+) from three consecutive, annual, nationally representative New Zealand Health Surveys to compare owner-occupiers, private renters and public renters. Results: Most in the sample were owner-occupiers (83.2%), with 12.4% private renters and 4.5% public renters. A higher proportion of renters aged 75+ were female. Māori and Pacific people were more likely to be renters. Renters were more likely to be living alone, on lower annual incomes. Overall measures of physical and mental health showed a health gradient, with public renters in the poorest health and owner-occupiers in the best health. Conclusions: Rental tenure is associated with poorer health. Implications for public health: Older renters tend to be economically disadvantaged and in poorer health than owner-occupiers. Over time, the proportion of older renters has been increasing. This will have implications for policy and for services in meeting the diverse care and support needs of older people. Higher rates of renting among Māori and Pacific people and older females means that these groups are particularly vulnerable to any negative impact of renting on health.
Evolving Deep Convolutional Neural Networks by Variable-Length Particle Swarm Optimization for Image Classification
Authors: Wang Bin , Sun Y , Xue Bing , Zhang Mengjie
Published: March 2021

© 2018 IEEE. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are one of the most effective deep learning methods to solve image classification problems, but the best architecture of a CNN to solve a specific problem can be extremely complicated and hard to design. This paper focuses on utilising Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) to automatically search for the optimal architecture of CNNs without any manual work involved. In order to achieve the goal, three improvements are made based on traditional PSO. First, a novel encoding strategy inspired by computer networks which empowers particle vectors to easily encode CNN layers is proposed; Second, in order to allow the proposed method to learn variable-length CNN architectures, a Disabled layer is designed to hide some dimensions of the particle vector to achieve variable-length particles; Third, since the learning process on large data is slow, partial datasets are randomly picked for the evaluation to dramatically speed it up. The proposed algorithm is examined and compared with 12 existing algorithms including the state-of-art methods on three widely used image classification benchmark datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is a strong competitor to the state-of-art algorithms in terms of classification error. This is the first work using PSO for automatically evolving the architectures of CNNs.

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AC loss measurements in HTS coil assemblies with hybrid coil structures
Authors: Jiang Zhenan , Long Nicholas , Staines M , Badcock Rodney , Bumby Christopher , Buckley Robert , Amemiya N
Published: March 2021

This is the Accepted Manuscript version of an article accepted for publication in 'Superconductor Science and Technology". IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/29/9/095011.
Anomalous open-circuit voltage from a high-Tc superconducting dynamo
Authors: Bumby Christopher , Jiang Zhenan , Storey James , Pantoja AE , Badcock Rodney
Published: March 2021

This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in C. W. Bumby, Z. Jiang, J. G. Storey, A. E. Pantoja, and R. A. Badcock, Appl. Phys. Lett. 108, 122601 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4943663.