bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combining Restricted Grazing and Nitrification Inhibitors to Reduce Nitrogen Leaching on New Zealand Dairy Farms
Authors: Romera Alvaro J. , Cichota Rogerio , Beukes Pierre C. , Gregorini Pablo , Snow Val O. , Vogeler Iris
Published: December 2016

Intensification of pastoral dairy systems often means more nitrogen (N) leaching. A number of mitigation strategies have been proposed to reduce or reverse this trend. The main strategies focus on reducing the urinary N load onto pastures or reducing the rate of nitrification once the urine has been deposited. Restricted grazing is an example of the former and the use of nitrification inhibitors an example of the latter. A relevant concern is the cost effectiveness of these strategies, independently and jointly. To address this concern, we employed a modeling approach to estimate N leaching with and without the use of these mitigation options from a typical grazing dairy farm in New Zealand. Three restricted grazing options were modeled with and without a nitrification inhibitor (dicyandiamide, DCD) and the results were compared with a baseline farm (no restricted grazing, no inhibitor). Applying DCD twice a year, closely following the cows after an autumn and winter grazing round, has the potential to reduce annualized and farm‐scale N leaching by ∼12%, whereas restricted grazing had leaching reductions ranging from 23 to 32%, depending on the timing of restricted grazing. Combining the two strategies resulted in leaching reductions of 31 to 40%. The abatement cost per kilogram of N leaching reduction was NZ$50 with DCD, NZ$32 to 37 for restricted grazing, and NZ$40 to 46 when the two were combined. For the range analyzed, all treatments indicated similar cost per percentage unit of mitigated N leaching, demonstrating that restricted grazing and nitrification inhibitors can be effective when used concurrently.

Core Ideas

Nitrogen leaching from pastoral dairy farms should be reduced.

We modeled the effectiveness of nitrification inhibitors and restricted grazing.

Nitrification inhibitors reduced N leaching by 12% and restricted grazing by 23 to 32%.

Combining the two strategies reduced N leaching by 31 to 40%.

Restricted grazing and nitrification inhibitors can be effective in combination.
Is Deoxynivalenol Contamination a Serious Problem for Oat in Eastern Canada?
Authors: Yan Weikai , Pageau Denis , Martin Richard , Cummiskey Allan , Blackwell Barbara
Published: December 2016

To assess the severity of deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination in oat (Avena sativa L.) grain from infection of Fusarium head blight in eastern Canada, DON were determined for 3243 oat grain samples, involving 160 oat genotypes tested in 87 year–location combinations in Quebec and Atlantic Canada (Maritimes) oat registration and recommendation trials from 2008 to 2015. Analysis of the data led to the following findings. First, there are repeatable genetic differences in DON contamination. Relatively resistant cultivars (e.g., ‘CDC Dancer’) and susceptible cultivars (e.g., ‘AC Rigodon’) were identified. Genotypes better than CDC Dancer or worse than AC Rigodon were also identified. Second, cultivars with less DON contamination tended to have thinner hulls, i.e., greater groat percentage. Third, oat grain produced in Quebec and Maritimes was generally safe for use as feed or food, according to the Canadian permissible DON limits. In about 16% of the trials, however, the grain may not be suitable for making infant food according to the EU limit. Using a resistant cultivar such as CDC Dancer can reduce this risk to 10%, while using a susceptible cultivar such as AC Rigodon can increase the risk to 21%. Breeding for Fusarium head blight resistance, as measured by less DON contamination, should be a component in oat breeding for the region.
Efficiency of Spaced‐Plant Selection in Improving Sward Biomass and Ethanol Yield in Switchgrass
Authors: Sykes Virginia R. , Allen Fred L. , DeSantis Alexandria C. , Saxton Arnold M. , Bhandari Hem S. , West Dennis R. , Hughes Eifion W. , Bobbitt Matthew E. , Benelli Victoria G.
Published: December 2016

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is an important emerging biofuel crop. In breeding nurseries, plants are typically widely spaced; however, production is in densely planted swards. This disconnect may hinder cultivar improvement. This study measured the efficiency of low‐density, spaced‐plant selection on improving biomass and ethanol yield in a high‐density, simulated sward. Fifty‐six full‐sib families were clonally replicated in two adjacent nurseries in Knoxville, TN. The spaced‐plant nursery consisted of single plants on 1‐m centers. The simulated‐sward nursery was created by planting four by seven plants on 0.33‐m centers with 1‐m alleys. In 2013 and 2014, biomass yield, ethanol yield, and morphological traits were evaluated. Trait means, correlations, and efficiency of indirect selection (E) were calculated. Significant interaction (p < 0.05) between year and nursery was observed for all traits except ethanol yield. The identified high‐yielding ideotype differed between biomass and ethanol yield and between spaced‐plant and simulated‐sward nurseries. Selection under spaced‐plant conditions for simulated‐sward performance was efficient for ethanol yield (E = 0.96) but highly inefficient for biomass yield (E = −0.31). Several morphological traits evaluated under spaced‐plant conditions were identified as efficient indirect selectors for simulated‐sward biomass or ethanol yield. Results suggest selections for sward biomass yield may be more appropriate under sward‐like conditions, but that spaced‐plant nurseries are efficient for selection of ethanol yield performance under sward‐like conditions and for indirect selection of sward yield traits using morphological traits.
Percutaneous mitral valve repair: The MitraClip device
Authors: Suradi Hussam S , Kavinsky Clifford J , Hijazi Ziyad M
Published: December 2016

Chronic mitral regurgitation (MR) is the most common cardiac valvular disease with more than 4 million people in the United States alone suffering from moderate or severe MR. Left untreated, chronic MR results in serious consequences. Surgical correction with mitral valve repair or replacement remains the mainstay of therapy for MR. Nevertheless, a large proportion of patients may not be offered treatment due to concerns over surgical risk. This unmet therapeutic need for a less invasive approach led to a marked explosion in the development of a variety of transcatheter approaches to treat mitral regurgitation in the past decade. The majority of these devices are based on principles learned from surgical mitral valve repair techniques. Inspired by the Alfieri surgical technique, the MitraClip edge-to-edge repair system is the most advanced technique with the highest safety and efficacy to date. In this review, we discuss the current status of the MitraClip repair system in the treatment of mitral regurgitation.
Intracoronary near-infrared spectroscopy: an overview of the technology, histologic validation, and clinical applications
Authors: O'Brien Andrew , LaCombe Andrew , Stickland Aubrey , Madder Ryan D
Published: December 2016

Intracoronary near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) imaging, which is now clinically available in a combined NIRS and intravascular ultrasound catheter, is a novel catheter-based imaging modality capable of identifying lipid core plaque within the coronary arteries of living patients. The present manuscript provides an overview of intracoronary NIRS imaging with a focus on several concepts essential to individuals seeking to better understand this novel imaging modality. One of the major assets of NIRS is that it has been rigorously validated against the gold standard of histopathology and has been shown to accurately identify histologically-proven fibroatheroma. Clinical studies of NIRS have demonstrated its ability to accurately identify large lipid core plaques at culprit lesions across the spectrum of acute coronary syndromes. NIRS has also been shown to detect lesions at increased risk of causing peri-procedural myocardial infarction during PCI. With regards to predicting future risk, NIRS is seemingly capable of identifying vulnerable patients at increased risk of experiencing subsequent patient-level cardiovascular events. In addition to these clinical applications of NIRS, there are several large prospective observational studies underway to determine if NIRS imaging will be able to identify vulnerable plaques at increased risk of triggering site-specific future coronary events. These studies, once completed, are anticipated to provide valuable data regarding the ability of NIRS imaging to identify plaque vulnerability.
Systems biology: An emerging strategy for discovering novel pathogenetic mechanisms that promote cardiovascular disease
Authors: Maron Bradley A , Leopold Jane A
Published: December 2016

eductionist theory proposes that analyzing complex systems according to their most fundamental components is required for problem resolution, and has served as the cornerstone of scientific methodology for more than four centuries. However, technological gains in the current scientific era now allow for the generation of large datasets that profile the proteomic, genomic, and metabolomic signatures of biological systems across a range of conditions. The accessibility of data on such a vast scale has, in turn, highlighted the limitations of reductionism, which is not conducive to analyses that consider multiple and contemporaneous interactions between intermediates within a pathway or across constructs. Systems biology has emerged as an alternative approach to analyze complex biological systems. This methodology is based on the generation of scale-free networks and, thus, provides a quantitative assessment of relationships between multiple intermediates, such as protein-protein interactions, within and between pathways of interest. In this way, systems biology is well positioned to identify novel targets implicated in the pathogenesis or treatment of diseases. In this review, the historical root and fundamental basis of systems biology, as well as the potential applications of this methodology are discussed with particular emphasis on integration of these concepts to further understanding of cardiovascular disorders such as coronary artery disease and pulmonary hypertension.
Multivessel myocardial bridging in a patient with spiral hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Fritz Timothy , Abdallah Wissam , McNamara Richard
Published: December 2016

Myocardial bridging is commonly observed in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, usually confined to the left anterior descending (LAD), and correlates to the hypertrophic septum. We present a patient with unique spiral hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and compression of all three coronary arteries corresponding to this hypertrophy pattern.
Alginate for cardiac regeneration: From seaweed to clinical trials
Authors: Liberski Albert , Latif Najma , Raynaud Christophe , Bollensdorff Christian , Yacoub Magdi
Published: December 2016

Heart failure is a growing endemic in the aging Western population with a prevalence of over 20 million people worldwide. Existing heart failure therapies are unable to reverse heart failure and do not address its fundamental cause, the loss of cardiomyocytes. In order to induce myocardial regeneration for the myocardium and the heart valve, facilitate self-repair, improve tissue salvage, reduce or reverse the adverse-remodeling and ultimately achieve long-term functional stabilization and improvement in the heart function, novel strategies for therapeutic regeneration are being developed which are aiming to compensate for the insufficient and low intrinsic regenerative ability of the adult heart. Similarly, valve replacement with mechanical or biological substitutes meets numerous hurdles. New approaches using multicellular approaches and new material are extensively studied. Most of those strategies depend on biomaterials that help to achieve functional integrated vasculogenesis and myogenesis in the heart/tissue. Especially for failed heart valve function a number of therapeutic approaches are common from corrective intervention to complete replacement. However the complexity of the heart valve tissue and its high physical exposure has led to a variety of approaches, however therapeutic regeneration needs to be established. Beside other approaches alginate has been identified as one building block to achieve therapeutic regeneration. Alginate is a versatile and adaptable biomaterial that has found numerous biomedical applications which include wound healing, drug delivery and tissue engineering. Due to its biologically favorable properties including the ease of gelation and its biocompatibility, alginate- based hydrogels have been considered a particularly attractive material for the application in cardiac regeneration and valve replacement techniques. Here, we review current applications of alginate in cardiac regeneration as well as perspectives for the alginate-dependent, cardiac regeneration strategies.
Maturation of pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes: The new challenge
Authors: Aigha Idil , Raynaud Christophe
Published: December 2016

Stem cell therapy appears to be a promising area of research for cardiac regeneration following ischemic heart failure. However, in vitro differentiation of cardiomyocytes from pluripotent stem cells, or directly from somatic cells, leads to generation of ‘‘immature’’ cardiomyocytes that differ from their adult counterparts in various ways. This immaturity triggers some challenges for their potential clinical use, and multiple techniques reviewed here have been developed for in vitro maturation of those cells. Nevertheless, full maturity of cardiomyocytes remains elusive and will remain the main challenge for stem cell therapy in the near future.
Determinants of Restrictive Spirometric Pattern in a Sub-Saharan Urban Setting: A Cross-sectional Population-based Study
Authors: Pefura-Yone Eric Walter , Balkissou Adamou Dodo , Kengne Andre Pascal
Published: December 2016

Background

Restrictive spirometric pattern is a risk factor for all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Objective

We assessed the prevalence of restrictive pattern and investigated its determinants in a major sub-Saharan Africa city.

Methods

Participants were adults (≥ 19 years) who took part in a population-based survey in Yaounde (Cameroon) between December 2013 and April 2014. Restrictive pattern was based on a FVC below the lower limit of the normal (LLN) and a ratio forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/FVC ≥ LLN (LLN-based restrictive pattern) or a FVC <80% and FEV1/FVC ≥ LLN (fixed cut-off based restrictive pattern). Determinants were investigated by logistic regressions.

Results

In all, 1003 participants [514 (51.2%) women] with a mean age of 33.7 years were included. The prevalence of restrictive pattern was 18.8% (95%CI: 16.6-21.2) based on LLN and 15.0% (13.0-17.2) based on fixed cut-off. LLN-based restrictive pattern was mild in 148 (78.3%) subjects, moderate in 35 (18.5%) and severe in 6 (3.2%). Determinants of LLN-based restrictive pattern were age ≥ 60 years [adjusted odds ratio 2.90 (95%CI 1.46-5.77), p=0.002), history of pulmonary tuberculosis [3.81(1.42-10.20), p=0.008], prevalent heart diseases [3.81 (1.20-12.12), p=0.024] and underweight [5.15(1.30-20.39), p=0.020]. Determinants were largely similar with slightly different effect sizes for fixed cut-off based restrictive pattern.

Conclusion

Restrictive pattern was very frequent in this city.

Clinical implications

These results enhance the needs to increase the efforts to prevent and control tuberculosis, cardiovascular diseases and underweight in this setting.
Anti-MDA5 Antibody Dermatomyositis Overlap with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Milam Emily C. , Futran Jacobo , Franks Jr. Andrew G.
Published: December 2016

Background:

Dermatomyositis (DM) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease that primarily targets the muscle, skin, and lungs. Many patients have autoantibodies that correspond to distinct clinical phenotypes. Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-MDA5) antibody, a specific antibody that targets the melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5), has been reported in DM cases and is significant for a distinct cutaneous presentation and rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease.

Objective:

Herein, we describe a patient with DM with a positive anti-MDA5 antibody and characteristic clinical phenotype, who subsequently developed coexisting systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A diagnosis of SLE was supported by his clinical phenotype, positive serologies, hypocomplementemia, and progression to glomerulonephritis and lupus cerebritis, features of which fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology criteria for SLE.

Conclusion:

DM is known to overlap with other autoimmune diseases, including SLE, and coexistence can lead to a wide variety of clinical presentations. SLE overlapping with anti-MDA5 positive DM may present with distinct clinical features.
Salvage Procedures for Management of Prosthetic Joint Infection After Hip and Knee Replacements
Authors: Mahmoud Samer S.S. , Sukeik Mohamed , Alazzawi Sulaiman , Shaath Mohammed , Sabri Omar
Published: December 2016

Background:

The increasing load placed by joint replacement surgery on health care systems makes infection, even with the lowest rates, a serious concern that needs to be thoroughly studied and addressed using all possible measures.

Methods:

A comprehensive review of the current literature on salvage procedures for recurrent PJIs using PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL has been conducted.

Results:

Prolonged suppressive antibiotic therapy (PSAT), resection arthroplasty and arthrodesis were the most common procedures performed. Suppressive antibiotic therapy is based on the use of well tolerated long term antibiotics in controlling sensitive organisms. Resection arthroplasty which should be reserved as a last resort provided more predictable outcomes in the hip whereas arthrodesis was associated with better outcomes in the knee. Various methods for arthrodesis including internal and external fixation have been described.

Conclusion:

Despite good union and infection control rates, all methods were associated with complications occasionally requiring further surgical interventions.
Definition of Periprosthetic Hip and Knee Joint Infections and the Economic Burden
Authors: Tansey Rosamond , Mirza Yusuf , Sukeik Mohamed , Shaath Mohammed , Haddad Fares Sami
Published: December 2016

Periprosthetic Joint infection (PJI) following hip and knee replacements is an important complication causing major concern for patients, operating surgeons and healthcare systems. Therefore, a standardized definition of PJI is required to improve communication and allow for valid comparisons of various diagnostic and treatment strategies. This review summarizes the most commonly used definitions for PJI and the current consensus. It also highlights the economic burden related to PJIs and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to managing those infections.
Aggressive Early Debridement in Treatment of Acute Periprosthetic Joint Infections After Hip and Knee Replacements
Authors: Volpin Andrea , Sukeik Mohamed , Alazzawi Sulaiman , Haddad Fares Sami
Published: December 2016

Background:

Periprosthetic Joint Infection Remains a Dreaded Complication After Hip and Knee Replacement Surgery.

Treatment Options for Acute Postoperative and Acute Hematogenous Infections Include Arthroscopic or Open Debridement With Retention or Exchange of the Prostheses. This Review Article Aims to Summarize the Evidence for Management of Acute Postoperative And Acute Hematogenous Infections.

Methods:

A Systematic Literature Search Was Performed Using a Computer-based Search Engine Covering Medline (OvidSP), PubMed Database (U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health), Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane and Google Scholar for Relevant Articles.

Results:

Common Themes Around Treatment of Acute Postoperative and Acute Hematogenous Infections Discussed in this Review Include the Timing of Intervention, Description of the Optimal Procedure and How we Perform it at our Institution, the Role of Arthroscopic Debridement, Most Commonly Isolated Micro-organisms and Prognostic Factors for Infection Control.

Conclusion:

Success in Treating Acute Postoperative and Acute Hematogenous Infections Depends on Early Diagnosis and Aggressive Surgical Debridement Combined With Effective Antibiotic Therapy.
Hydrocarbon Assessment and Prediction due to the Gulf War Oil Disaster, North Kuwait
Authors: Yihdego Yohannes , Al‐Weshah Radwan A.
Published: December 2016

Oil spill in the Gulf was the biggest disaster in history. The scale of damage was enormous, ranging from destruction caused by oil fires and oil spills, to economic decline for the Kuwaiti oil industry. The transport modelling of the freshwater aquifers in north Kuwait was undertaken to assess potential remediation scenarios using the MODFLOW‐SURFACT numerical code. Three interlinked models were calibrated: flow, density (salinity), and transport. The model domain is a subregional area encompassing the Al‐Raudhatain and Umm Al‐Aish Basins. The time‐variant salinity transport model was calibrated simultaneously with the transient groundwater flow system and this includes variably saturated flow and transport. This was done prior to proceeding to simulate contaminant hydrocarbon transport, as the hydraulic gradients and flow directions (and storage volume) are significant controls on contaminant migration. The results depicted after 23 years and with respect to the total area of the freshwater body at Al‐Raudhatain (55.2 km2) and Umm Al‐Aish (37 km2); the areal extent of the total petroleum hydrocarbon plume is estimated to be 7.3 and 8.7 km2 for the 0.1 mg/L contour, respectively. This equates to total petroleum hydrocarbon impacting 13 and 24% of the Al‐Raudhatain and Umm Al‐Aish freshwater bodies, respectively. The simulation indicated that even though total petroleum hydrocarbon loading was negligible in the center of the Al‐Raudhatain depression up until the recent past, what has entered the groundwater system earlier from the contamination sources (pits, fringes, and lakes) is still moving toward the freshwater lenses or is potentially undetected due to lack of optimal existing monitoring bore screen and depth installations (plume diving). This implies that the environment is be the victim of war (the Gulf Crisis). The ecological and economic full impact probably will not be realized in the near future.
Pluralizm form i rozwiązań przestrzennych w polskiej architekturze sakralnej XX wieku (na przykładzie Archidiecezji Krakowskiej)
Authors: Gil-Mastalerczyk Joanna
Published: December 2016

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań i analiz, dotyczących przemian stylistycznych architektury sakralnej, na przykładzie katolickich obiektów sakralnych wzniesionych na terenie Archidiecezji Krakowskiej w latach 70. i 80. XX wieku. Zwrócono uwagę na najważniejsze zagadnienia architektoniczne i kompozycyjne budowli sakralnych, reali- zowanych w zróżnicowanych sytuacjach przestrzennych oraz na tle zachodzących przemian społeczno-gospodarczo- -politycznych. W okresie tym na terenie Archidiecezji Krakowskiej wzniesiono 126 obiektów kościelnych1. W związku z powyższym dokonano selektywnego wyboru przykładów, na bazie realizacji najbardziej wartościowych stylistycz- nie, wyróżniających się pod względem walorów estetycznych oraz najbardziej reprezentatywnych dla danego obszaru – jednostki terytorialnej. Analizy i badania, poparte dodatkowo dokumentacją fotograficzną, archiwalną, bezpośrednią obserwacją w te- renie struktury przestrzennej oraz rozwiązań budowlanych i konstrukcyjno-materiałowych, stworzyły podstawę do przedstawienia przeobrażeń struktury przestrzennej obiektów kościelnych, różnorodności rozwiązań architektonicz- nych współczesnej architektury sakralnej. Gwałtowny rozwój budownictwa sakralnego po 1975 roku związany był z wielkim zróżnicowaniem kształtów brył oraz rozwiązań sakralnych, opartych na różnorodnych planach. Zasady kształtowania nowych form sztuki sakral- nej stały się wynikiem swobody i wolności, jaką pozostawiły twórcom ustalenia posoborowe, zwłaszcza odnowienie liturgii oraz panująca w naszym kraju sytuacja społeczno-gospodarczo-polityczna. Analizując najbardziej reprezentatywne realizacje współczesnych budowli sakralnych z terenu Archidiecezji Krakowskiej, zauważyć można dążenie do kształtowania dynamicznych i kontrastowych brył, stanowiących nową wartość w otaczającej je przestrzeni.
Analiza kosztów inwestycji i eksploatacji hybrydowych źródeł energii dla budynku w technologii tradycyjnej w zależności od jego skali
Authors: Owczarek Mariusz , Radzikowska-Juś Weronika
Published: December 2016

Najczęściej stosowane źródła energii dla budynków jednorodzinnych to węgiel, gaz i olej opałowy. Coraz czę- ściej inwestorzy rozważają też instalacje pompy ciepła. Każde z tych źródeł charakteryzuje się innymi kosztami in- westycyjnymi i eksploatacyjnymi. Idea źródła hybrydowego polega na współpracy kilku źródeł energii w jednym budynku. Celem opracowania jest dobór najlepszych udziałów źródeł z trzech kryteriów: minimum kosztów inwe- stycji, minimum kosztów eksploatacji przez założony okres czasu i minimum sumy kosztów inwestycji i eksploatacji. Parametrem zmiennym jest wymiar budynku, określony jako długość. Budynek ma kształt prostopadłościanu o pod- stawie kwadratu. Obliczane jest zapotrzebowanie ciepła dla budynku, a następnie dobierane hybrydowe źródło cie- pła. Zapotrzebowanie ciepła jest obliczane metodą uproszczoną, z bilansem rocznym, a dobór źródła ciepła polega na obliczeniu kosztów dla 286 wybranych kombinacji udziałów źródeł i wybraniu kosztów minimalnych. Wyprowadzono wnioski na temat kosztów inwestycji i eksploatacji źródeł hybrydowych o różnych proporcjach składników.
A COMPARISON BETWEEN SATOYAMA AND THE AINU WAY OF LIFE
Authors: Noriyuki Tanaka Devon Dublin And
Published: December 2016

This study compares the concept of Satoyama with that of the Ainu, with a view of establishing the cultural,ecological and economical similarities between them and to examine the impact of the developmentof Hokkaido on the Ainu human ecology. Research was conducted in the Noto Peninsula, and theHidaka region of Hokkaido. Data was collected through individual, household and group interviews,questionnaire surveys, field visits and available documentation. Results revealed agricultural, ecologicaland cultural-spiritual practices that were synonymous to Satoyama and that of the Ainu. Research showedthat the development of Hokkaido resulted in a necessary increase in agriculture in the Ainu communitiessince it was no longer possible to live sustainably almost entirely from the gifts of nature; which holdstrue for indigenous peoples globally. We posit that these commonalities provide a viable entry point forthe promotion of Satoyama if it is to be used as a developmental model for promoting the introduction ofnew, effective and sustainable agricultural practices that are tailored to suit the local culture and existingtraditional knowledge, with a view of building sustainable indigenous communities globally, since it isinfrequent that modern systems practiced today mirror so closely traditional indigenous culture.
MAKNA SIMBOLIK SAWAH DI MASYARAKAT PEDESAAN TINJAUAN KOMUNIKASI LINGKUNGAN PADA MASYARAKAT SEMENDE DARAT TENGAH KABUPATEN MUARA ENIM-SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Atwar Bajari, dan Johan Iskandar Yenrizal, Agus Rahmat,
Published: December 2016

Rice fields are an integral part in the life of rural communities, especially in the public of SemendeDarat Tengah, Muara Enim, South Sumatra. Rice fields are considered as part of the socio-culturaland economic of society. All of this is part of the communication process conducted by the publicenvironment, particularly the ability to understand the phenomenon of the local environment and thengive the meaning to the phenomenon. This is the focus of this study, environmental communicationprocess of society by looking paddy fields as a major agricultural. Through communication ethnoecologyapproach, this research shown that the people has made the construction process of the rice fields, whichare then considered to have a special meaning, ie the meaning of prosperous, the meaning of power,and the meaning of identity. All of not happen by itself, but a process of community communicationto understand their natural environment, in particular the existence of paddy. There are a symbolicconstruction mechanism which lasts from various groups in society.
PARADOKS DESENTRALISASI PERUMAHAN DI INDONESIA STUDI KASUS KOTA PALEMBANG DAN KOTA PEKALONGAN
Authors: Paramita Mahditia
Published: December 2016

Housing decentralization not only positions housing sector as regional obligatory, but also triggerspublic expectations upon the improvement of housing conditions. Various weaknesses of centralizedsystem that full of generalization in housing policy makes decentralized system is interpreted as aninnovative renewal process. However, the central government still does a lot of intervention towardhousing program. Limitation happens to local government such as limitation in housing finance,weakness in coordination ability, and less established of local bureaucracy makes intervention fromcentral government in housing program financed by APBN always dominates. The least contributionfrom local government on public housing sector in decentralization era creates paradox. It is caused bythe Ministry of Public Housing (Kemenpera) that cannot perform fully as substitutional institution rolein managing housing in local area. Kemenpera position as ministerial cluster 3 makes them does nothave representative office in local area. Thus, there will be potential of a repeat experience in the past, inform of generalization in housing policy, that complicates the housing problems itself.
HASIL UJI IMPLEMENTASI PNPM MANDIRI PERDESAAN KABUPATEN BANYUMAS
Authors: Indiahono Dwiyanto
Published: December 2016

Previous research have shown that the performance of the implementation of the National Programof Rural Self Empowerment (PNPM-Mandiri Perdesan) in Banyumas is determined by variables: thecapacity of the target group, the capacity of the implementing agencies, the quality of communicationand socialization, as well as monitoring (monitoring) as an intermediate variable. Quantitative researchinvolving 400 respondents spread 5 districts and 20 villages were selected at random has been done.Data were processed and analyzed include correlation, regression testing, and test the model. Theresults of this study indicate that the implementation of PNPM-Mandiri Rural models tested can beused to examine the implementation of PNPM Mandiri Rural elsewhere and can be used to check forother poverty reduction programs based on empowerment.
PERAN KOORDINASI PADA KOMUNITAS INTELIJEN DAERAH MEMBANGUN KETAHANAN WILAYAH STUDI DI KABUPATEN DEMAK
Authors: Armawi Armaidy
Published: December 2016

Permendagri No. 16 2011 on the Change on Permendagri No. 11 2006 on Regional IntelligenceCommunity shows the strategic value for the regional government to detect every regional potentialthreats. Therefore there is an anticipation to solve the developing problems.This research was done tofind out coordination role in regional intelligence community activities at Demak regency. This researchis qualitative descriptive. The data collecting in use is observation and interview. The Demak regionalintelligence community does its role due to the intelligence functions such as investigation, securityand support. Therefore coordination is a very important in every activity. Optimal coordination andcommunication in routineactivities and incidental meetings are needed to maximize intelligenceinformation meeting. Strategy to optimize Demak regional intelligence community role is needed toorganize it to face every potential threats in supporting regional government and its related elements toestablish regional resilience.
FUNGSI LAGU PERJUANGAN SEBAGAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BANGSA
Authors: Victor Ganap Wisnu Mintargo, RM. Soedarsono, dan
Published: December 2016

Patriotic songs basically originated from the history of education in Indonesia, starting from intellectualcircle and teachers in pre-independence era initiated by the Boedi Oetomo movement (1908), the 1928Youth Pledge and post 1945 independence. The form and meaning of the patriotic songs, either onvocals or with instruments, take place in ceremonial activities and performance art. According to AlanM. Meriam and RM. Soedarsono, this applies to public school, the Indonesian Air Force, and GeloraBahana Patria Choir. As for character education, the specialty of Yogyakarta reflects its identity as acity of struggle, city of education and city of arts and culture. According to the theory of transformation,something new, including the arrangements of patriotic songs in the forms of march, hymn, romancefor parade, military defile and aubade, is to restore the spirit of nationalism and patriotism. The successof transforming the patriotic songs so as to have new atmosphere is dependent on the various abilitiesto make the arrangement works, so that they can draw attention from the doers and the listeners andfunction in ceremony and performance art. In line with the Decree of the Ministry of National Educationof 2011 items 10 and 11 regarding the values of nationalism and patriotism, we can realize those valuesby singing patriotic songs, using Indonesian language as the unifying language, and acknowledging,appreciating and commemorating the services of national heroes.
BENTUK ORTOGRAFI ISTILAH SERAPAN BAHASA INGGRIS KE DALAM BAHASA ARAB
Authors: Suhandano Rika Astari, Syamsul Hadi, Soepomo Pudjosudarmo, dan
Published: December 2016

This article aimed to analyze the orthographic form of English loan- terms into Arabic fonotaktik. thescope of the consonant grapheme. It is a kind of descriptive qualitative study, which tends to analyzethe data inductively. Both distributional method and identity method were used for analyzing the data.The result of this study shows that English loan terms denoted in Arabic consists of a symbol graphemesconditional and unconditional symbol. In general, English loan terms into Arabic in accordance withfonotaktik Arabic, but not in substitution the conditional grapheme. It was found that there are stillsome Arabic word forming from English which are not appropriate with the Arabic structures andsystems because of several reasons: (1) a single grapheme of English loan-terms is adapted to manygraphemes; (2) a single grapheme of English loan- terms could symbolize many phonemes; (3) someEnglish terms loan-terms had the phonotactical forms which could not be found in Arabic language,such as words that consist of more than one consonant. The research therefore suggested the consonantschanges which determined by Majma ‘Lughah
PARADOKSALITAS PEMOSISIAN PEREMPUAN NOVEL COLOMBA KARYA PROSPER MERIMEE
Authors: Udasmoro Wening
Published: December 2016

Women have been narrated by men authors since classical literature; this has continued into contemporaryliterature. In the 19th century, many authors were interested in narrating and positioning women intheir novels. This period can be considered one of transition, in which traditionality and modernity werecontested because of influences from the industrial revolution and many other social movements inEurope. This period was also one of challenge, with the appearance of Gustave Flaubert’s novel MadameBovary, which was questioned because of moralistic issues. If in the early 19th century traditionalitywas represented by Eugénie Grandet and Balzac’s figures of woman, but in the middle of the centuryFlaubert dealt with freedom of sexuality, what discourses were presented in between these two differentperiods? This article aims at explaining the bridging of the gap between the symbols of traditionalityand modernity, especially through the representation of women. Mérimée’s novel, Colomba, depicts theagency of a woman named Colomba. In this novel, Mérimée not only showed the position of women visà vis men in parental or conjugal relation, like in the novels Eugénie Grandet or Madame Bovary. Rather,the author attempted to look at the relationship between masculinities and femininities in a Corsicancontext, in which the intersection of gender and social class (as well as traditions) was different than inthe Parisian context. The relation between the novel and the social structure in the 19th century Europeplays an important part in the discussion and explanation of the relationship between the literature andsocial narration of that period
EFEKTIVITAS KOMUNIKASI TELEPON SELULER PENJUALAN TOMAT KECAMATAN PANGALENGAN KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Endang Sulastri Gontom Kifli, Budi Guntoro, dan
Published: December 2016

The access to information on the selling price of tomatoes by tomato growers is perceived very limitedin the pastin Pangalengan District. The appearance of information technology, such as mobile phone,provides opportunities for tomatoes growers to obtain the access to more information, wider, fasterand cheaper. The general objective of this research is to identify the behavior of tomato growers’communication and the influence aspects of the use of mobile phones toward the effectiveness ofcommunication in Pangalengan District. The method for this research is explanatory survey research.Two-steps random sampling has been used in this research with selected sample of 165 respondents.The research unit is focused on the tomatoes growers who used mobile phones. The result indicates thatthe tomato growers in Pangalengan District perceive the use of mobile phones provides benefits to havemore options for the selling price of tomatoes. The result of statistical analysis shows that the use ofmobile phones among tomato growers and tomato sellers has given significant effect on the effectivenessof communication and increasing the intensity of tomato sales.From this research, it is recommendedto provide the information management of the selling price of tomatoes via mobile phones involvingAgriculture Information Officer (PIP) which already exist today.
WACANA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MULTIKULTURAL UNTUK KEHARMONISAN HIDUP BERBANGSA
Authors: Dalmeri Dalmeri
Published: December 2016

Indonesia’s diversity of ethnic, culture, tradition, and religion have aroused the dynamics of culturaldiversity and positive civilization. If it is not managed wisely and comprehensively, it will cause conflictand disintegration. Multicultural education in Indonesia should not only become an academic discourse,but it also needs to be implemented in the concrete sphere in the educational realm. A conceptual framefor its implementation is neded, that is why, the problems caused by the effects of the diversity andreligious bias do not become a heavy burden for the country. As for the students, this paper explainsmulticultural education in Islamic education and process to cultivate values of beliefs and importanceof unique recognition for every ethnic, culture, and other social groups.
KONSEP PAKAIAN JOGJA FASHION WEEK CARNIVAL DALAM STRUKTUR SOSIAL DI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Setiawan Deni
Published: December 2016

The Jogja Fashion Week Carnival (JFWC) is related to various agendas of the local government in Yogyakarta, particularly in industrial and tourism sectors. The JFWC event is correlated to the domestic industries in which one of them has a positive impact upon the progress and the existence of this industry in order to reduce the rate of import from outside Yogyakarta. In another domain, the use of public space, which is often done by JFWC event, gives entertainment and cultural education to the people, thus this event is useful and appropriate if it is held as a routine agenda for the existence of the tourism industry in Yogyakarta. The education given to the people includes the global warming issue, the treatment and utilization of hazardous waste, and the important role of JFWC event in an attempt to create clothing trend centre in Yogyakarta. The dialectics of JFWC clothes can be seen as a process of cultural diplomacy locally, nationally, and internationally. In addition, the existence of JFWC clothes can be viewed as a sustainability phenomenon of contemporary artworks in Indonesia.
PENETUAN ALE DAN AE LARVA LEPIDIOTA STIGMA F PADA TANAMAN TEBU
Authors: Witjaksono Alimin, Edhi Martono, dan
Published: December 2016

This research was conducted to determine the value of Economic Injury Level (EIL) and Economic Threshold (ET) for the larvae of Lepidiota stigma instar 1, 2 and 3 in three different locations. The amount of larvae population and plant per m2 in the field, and the weight proportion of the vanished root or to-be-eaten by a larva were needed to determine the loss of result per m2 data on the maximum harvest outcome and the harvest outcome in the field per m2. The highest proportion value of the outcome loss per m2 based on the Walker Model, which has been modified on biological control with Nematode Entomo Patogen (NEP) Steinernema spp. combined with light trap, was in Tempel Sari, i.e. larvae instar 1 (0.0108), instar 2 (0.0174), and instar 3 (0.0221). The lowest value was in Grenjeng, i.e. larvae instar 1 (0.0048), instar 2 (0.0078), and instar 3 (0.0099). There were significant differences among the three instars, where the consumption greediness of instar 3 is higher than instar 1 and 2, so the proportion value of the outcome loss per m2 of larvae instar 3 in the respective locations was higher than that of the two other instars. Determination of EIL value based on the Bode & Calvin Models gave the highest EIL value in Grenjengwith larvae instar 1 in the amount of 15.50 with ET value 12.40, instar 2 in the amount of 9.59 with ET value 7.67, and instar 3 in the amount of 7.54 with ET value 6.03. On the other hand, the lowest EIL value was found in Tempel Sari, with larvae instar 1 in the amount of 6.97 with ET value 5.58, instar 2 in the amount of 4.31 with ET value 3.45, and instar 3 in the amount of 3.39 with ET value 2.71.
OPTIMASI PROSES PENGUKURAN DIMENSI DAN DEFECT UBIN KERAMIK MENGGUNAKAN PENGOLAHAN CITRA DIGITAL DAN FULL FACTORIAL DESIGN
Authors: Muhammad Kusumawan Herliansyah Denny Sukma Eka Atmaja
Published: December 2016

Theinspection process of surface quality of ceramic tile could be done by using image processing technique throughthe optimization by using Center for Ceramics’s parameteron Indonesian National Standard (SNI) ISO 10545.This research will analyze from light intensities (level 300lx, 600lx, and 900lx), and camera distances (50cm, 75cmand 100cm), with three times replication using full factorial design. This research uses Matlab 2009a softwareto identify area and defect on dry spots ceramic tile’s surface. The result obtained from this research is there weresignificant influencing factors: light intensity, and camera distance, as well as the interaction of these factorstowards the error rate percentage of measuring areaand defect on ceramic tile’s surface. The smallest error ratevalue from measuring tile’s surface and diameter of dry spots with light intensity of 300lx and camera distance of50cm had been obtained the error rate value for each measurement about 0.0675% and 2.30%, with combinationof grayscale value for the error rate measurements of tile’s surface and diameter of dry spots were 0.2989 x 0.1140x R + G+0.5870 x B. Based on the correlation coefficient value between light intensity, camera distance towardsthe error rate of measuring areaand defect on tile’s surface, each of them was obtained correlation coefficient valueof camera distance with error rate had 0.518 and 0.516, which meant a strong correlation. The positive correlationcoefficient value showed a unidirectional relationship of two variables, where the rise of one variable would causethe rise of another variable and the decline of one variable would cause the decline of another variable.
Correction of Differentially Functioning Items: Basis for Maintaining and Enhancing Test Validity and Reliability
Authors: Pedrajita Jose Q.
Published: December 2016

This study looked into differentially functioning items in a Chemistry Achievement Test. It also
examined the effect of eliminating differentially functioning items on the content and concurrent validity,
and internal consistency reliability of the test. Test scores of two hundred junior high school students
matched on school type were subjected to Differential Item Functioning (DIF) analysis. One hundred
students came from a public school, while the other 100 were private school examinees. The
descriptive-comparative research design utilizing differential item functioning analysis and validity and
reliability analysis was employed. The Chi-Square, Distractor Response Analysis, Logistic Regression,
and the Mantel-Haenszel Statistic were the methods used in the DIF analysis. A six-point scale ranging
from inadequate to adequate was used to assess the content validity of the test. Pearson r was used in
the concurrent validity analysis. The KR-20 formula was used for estimating the internal consistency
reliability of the test. The findings revealed the presence of differentially functioning items between the
public and private school examinees. The DIF methods differed in the number of differentially
functioning items identified. However, there was a high degree of correspondence between the Logistic
Regression and Mantel-Haenszel Statistic. After the elimination of the differentially functioning items,
the content and the concurrent validity, and the internal consistency reliability differed per DIF method
used. The content validity of the test differed ranging from slightly adequate to moderately adequate in
the number of items retained. The concurrent validity of the test also differed but all were positive and
indicate moderate relationship between the examinees’ test scores and their GPA in Science III.
Likewise, the internal consistency reliability of the test differed. The more differentially functioning
items eliminated, the lesser was the content and concurrent validity, and internal consistency reliability
of the test becomes. Elimination of differentially functioning items diminishes content and concurrent
validity, and internal consistency reliability, but could be use as basis in enhancing content, concurrent
as well as internal consistency reliability by replacing eliminated DIF items.
Dossiê Manifestações de distintividades
Authors: Renk Arlene
Published: December 2016

Por mais que se afirme viver a laicidadeda República, as confessionalidades públicasou aquelas camaleantes se fazem presentes.Surgem em certas conjunturas, desaparecemnoutros. Ora se assumem, ora se escondem.Ora são idiomas de conversão, ora são idiomasde reconversão. Num momento valem-se delinguagem esotérica. Noutro apresentamseexotericamente. O que é invariante é atentativa de hierarquização da humanidade,a exemplo das pistas lançadas por NorbertElias e John Scotson, em Estabelecidos e osOutsiders.
Catolicismo popular e etnicidade no oeste catarinense
Authors: Renk Arlene
Published: December 2016

Uma das fronteiras entre os colonizadores e a população local foi a religiosa. O “catolicismo antigo”, o catolicismo popular, não encontrava amparo no catolicismo romanizado. A religião constitui-se em campo com disputas pelas crenças, concepções de vida. Por muitos anos esse “catolicismo antigo” não tinha plena acolhida entre católicos e pentecostais. Nas últimas décadas, fração da igreja católica, através da pastoral cabocla, mostrou-se sensível, incorporando e legitimando as práticas culturais com estatuto de catolicismo popular. Esse movimento, ao contrário daquele do início da colonização, incentivou e organizou festas dos santos cultuados popularmente. Esse movimento espalhou-se a outras comunidades caboclas, inclusive, além do município de Chapecó.