bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Admission Leukocyte Count with Clinical Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Undergoing Intravenous Thrombolysis with Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Authors: Chen Jie , Zhang Fu-Liang , Lv Shan , Jin Hang , Luo Yun , Qu Yang , Guo Zhen-Ni , Yang Yi
Published: November 2020

Objective::

An increased leukocyte count is positively associated with poor outcomes
and all-cause mortality in coronary heart disease, cancer, and ischemic stroke. The role of leukocyte
count in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains important. We aimed to investigate the association
between admission leukocyte count before thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen
activator (rt-PA) and 3-month outcomes in AIS patients.

Methods::

This retrospective study included consecutive AIS patients who received intravenous
(IV) rt-PA within 4.5 h of symptom onset between January 2016 to December 2018. We assessed
outcomes, including short-term hemorrhagic transformation (HT), 3-month mortality, and functional
independence (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score of 0–2 or 0–1).

Results::

Among 579 patients who received IV rt-PA, 77 (13.3%) exhibited HT at 24 h, 43 (7.4%)
died within 3 months, and 211 (36.4%) exhibited functional independence (mRS score: 0–2). Multivariable
logistic regression revealed admission leukocyte count as an independent predictor of
good and excellent outcomes at 3 months. Each 1-point increase in admission leukocyte count increased
the odds of poor outcomes at 3 months by 7.6% (mRS score: 3–6, odds ratio [OR]: 1.076,
95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003–1.154, p=0.041) and 7.8% (mRS score: 2–6, OR: 1.078, 95%
CI: 1.006–1.154, p=0.033). Multivariable regression analysis revealed no association between HT
and 3-month mortality. Admission neutrophil and lymphocyte count were not associated with 3--
month functional outcomes or 3-month mortality.

Conclusion::

A lower admission leukocyte count independently predicts good and excellent outcomes
at 3 months in AIS patients undergoing rt-PA treatment.
How Does the Covıd-19 Pandemıc Affect the Target 90-90-90?
Authors: Karaosmanoglu Hayat Kumbasar
Published: November 2020

In 2014, The Joint United Nations Program on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) has set an ambitious
target code-named 90-90-90, which aims to ensure that 90% of all people living with HIV
will know their state, 90% of all people diagnosed will receive sustained antiretroviral therapy, and
90% of all people receiving ART will have viral suppression by 2020. Since 2014, many tests and
treatment programs have been developed to achieve the above goals worldwide. In 2019, it was reported
that many developed countries can reach the target with the right strategies, as well as regions
that are still far from the targets.

It has been reported that the fourth 90 should be one of the targets related to HIV infection in recent
years. This view, beyond virological suppression, was towards developing programs that
would enable people living with HIV to live not only longer but also healthy.

The socio-cultural and economic obstacles to reach the targets may vary according to geographical
regions, but it is clear that COVID-19 disease, which has taken the whole world under the influence
since 2019, is a major obstacle to the 90-90-90 targets worldwide.

Difficulties in the diagnosis and access to ART and treatment nonadherence which may be encountered
more frequently due to many factors may threaten both the health of people living with HIV
and public health.

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted many programs developed in the fight against the HIV epidemic.

Considering COVID-19 disease and future epidemics that may create a chaotic environment, analyzing
the difficulties experienced in the pandemic retrospectively, and determining new strategies
that will bring appropriate solutions to the problems will play an important role in the proper management
of future issues.
Identifying Protein Subcellular Location with Embedding Features Learned from Networks
Authors: Liu Hongwei , Hu Bin , Chen Lei , Lu Lin
Published: November 2020

Background:

Identification of protein subcellular location is an important problem because
the subcellular location is highly related to protein function. It is fundamental to determine
the locations with biology experiments. However, these experiments are of high costs and time-consuming.
The alternative way to address such a problem is to design effective computational methods.

Objective:

To date, several computational methods have been proposed in this regard. However, these
methods mainly adopted the features derived from the proteins themselves. On the other hand,
with the development of the network technique, several embedding algorithms have been proposed,
which can encode nodes in the network into feature vectors. Such algorithms connected the
network and traditional classification algorithms. Thus, they provided a new way to construct models
for the prediction of protein subcellular location.

Methods:

In this study, we analyzed features produced by three network embedding algorithms
(DeepWalk, Node2vec and Mashup) that were applied on one or multiple protein networks. Obtained
features were learned by one machine learning algorithm (support vector machine or random
forest) to construct the model. The cross-validation method was adopted to evaluate all constructed
models.

Results:

After evaluating models with the cross-validation method, embedding features yielded by
Mashup on multiple networks were quite informative for predicting protein subcellular location.
The model based on these features were superior to some classic models.

Conclusion:

Embedding features yielded by a proper and powerful network embedding algorithm
were effective for building the model for prediction of protein subcellular location, providing new
pipelines to build more efficient models.
A Validated 2D-LC-UV Method for Simultaneous Determination of Imatinib and N-desmethylimatinib in Plasma and its Clinical Application for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring with GIST Patients
Authors: Xiong Lilong , Feng Weiyi , Li Houli , Zhang Di , Cheng Xiaoliang , Zheng Qiaowei , Cheng Kai , Wang Maoyi , Dong Weihua
Published: November 2020

Background:

The trough concentration (Cmin) of Imatinib (IM) is closely related to the
treatment outcomes and adverse reactions of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).
However, the drug plasma level has great inter- and intra-individual variability, and therapeutic
drug monitoring (TDM) is highly recommended.

Objective:

To develop a novel, simple, and economical two-dimensional liquid chromatography
method with the ultraviolet detector (2D-LC-UV) for simultaneous determination of IM and its major
active metabolite, N-desmethyl imatinib (NDIM) in human plasma, and then apply the method
for TDM of the drug.

Methods:

The sample was processed by simple protein precipitation. Two target analytes were separated
on the one-dimension column, captured on the middle column, and then transferred to the
two-dimension column for further analysis. The detection was performed at 264 nm. The column
temperature was maintained at 40˚C and the injection volume was 500 μL. Totally 32 plasma samples
were obtained from patients with GIST who were receiving IM.

Results:

IM and NDIM were separated well from other impurities and the entire analytical time for
each run was 12.0 min. The calibration curves had good linearity in the range of 33.5-2678.4
ng/mL for IM, and 20.0-1600.0 ng/mL for NDIM, respectively. The extraction efficiency was more
than 95%. The acceptable accuracy, precision, recovery and stability were also obtained. The Cmin
of the drug in patients was measured with the validated method.

Conclusion:

The novel 2D-LC-UV method is simple, stable, highly automated and independent of
specialized technicians, which greatly increases the real-time capability of routine TDM for IM in
hospital.
A Review of Recent Developments in Nanocellulose-Based Conductive Hydrogels
Authors: Yousefi Iman , Zhong Wen
Published: November 2020

Nanocellulose has attracted much research interest owing to its biocompatibility, low density,
environmental sustainability, flexibility, ease of surface modification, excellent mechanical
properties and ultrahigh surface areas. Recently, lots of research efforts have focused on nanocellulose-
based conductive hydrogels for different practical applications, including electronic devices,
energy storage, sensors, composites, tissue engineering and other biomedical applications. A wide
variety of conductive hydrogels have been developed from nanocellulose, which can be in the form
of cellulose nanofibers (CNF), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) or bacterial cellulose (BC). This review
presents the recent progress in the development of nanocellulose-based conductive hydrogels, their
advanced functions, including 3D printability, self-healing capacity and high mechanical performances,
as well as applications of the conductive nanocellulose hydrogels.
Surgical versus Non-Surgical Management of Obstructive Sleep-disordered Breathing in Children: A Meta-analysis
Authors: El Hamid Alaa Ahmed Abd , Askoura Anas Mohamed , Abdel Hamed Diaa Marzouk , Taha Mohamed Shehata , Allam Mohamed Farouk
Published: November 2020

Background:

Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (OSDB) is a term for several chronic conditions in which partial or complete cessation of breathing occurs many times throughout the night, resulting in fatigue or daytime sleepiness that interferes with a person’s functions and reduces the quality of life.

Objective:

Comparing the effectiveness of surgical versus non-surgical treatment of OSDB in children in clinical trials through a meta-analysis study.

Patients and Methods:

A number of available studies and abstracts concerning the surgical versus non-surgical treatment of OSDB in children were identified through a comprehensive search of electronic databases. Data were abstracted from every study in the form of a risk estimate and its 95% confidence interval.

Results:

The current study revealed that there was a statistically significant improvement in the surgically treated patients rather than non-surgically treated patients regarding the quality of life.

Conclusion:

The current meta-analysis reports a significant clinical improvement in the surgical (adenotonsillectomy) group as compared to the non-surgical group, in terms of disease specific quality of life, and healthcare utilization in spite of the availability of only one study.
Finger Millet as a Sustainable Feedstock for Bioethanol Production
Authors: Yemets Alla I. , Blume Rostislav Y. , Rakhmetov Dzhamal B. , Blume Yaroslav B.
Published: November 2020

The current trend in volatile oil prices, global warming and environmental pollution, has encouraged major consumers worldwide to sharply increase their use of “green” fuels. Bioethanol is usually obtained from the conversion of carbon-based feedstock. Bioethanol from biomass sources is the principal fuel used as a fossil fuels’ substitute for road transport vehicles. Bioethanol is predominantly produced by the sugar fermentation process, although it can also be generated by the chemical process of reacting ethylene with steam. Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) is also known as Ragi (India), Kodo (Nepal), Uburo (Rwanda), Kurakkan (Srilanka), Bulo (Uganda), Kambale (Zambia) and Tamba (Nigeria) and can be used as an efficient source for bioethanol production. Despite all its importance, however, finger millet is still grossly undervalued both scientifically and internationally.

This review observes current progress in bioethanol production from E. coracana feedstock and the effectiveness of various technological approaches for that.

The main aspects of ethanol production from finger millet seeds have been considered. Seeds, which are already used for brewing, are the most obvious variant of feedstock for ethanol production from this crop. The conversion of finger millet straw and agricultural waste into bioethanol has also been reviewed. Practical results of development and testing the tentative technology of sweet sorghum and finger millet combined processing into bioethanol are described. The concept of the tentative technology of bioethanol production from carbohydrate raw material of the first and second generations is suggested.
Spectrophotometric Techniques: A Versatile Tool for Bioprocess Monitoring
Authors: Chandarana Chandni , Suthar Jyoti , Goyal Aman
Published: November 2020

Online analysis of bioprocesses by analytical spectroscopic methods is used to produce
fast sample analysis. Bio-transformations are directly controlled by continuous process It improves
management of Quality. Various methods for online analysis have been reported. This review article
majorly covers applications for infrared [NIR and MIR]; Fluorescence; Ultraviolet [UV] Spectroscopy
and Raman Spectroscopy for online monitoring of bioprocesses. The use of Uv- Vis spectroscopy
in bioprocess monitoring to measure different chemicals compound present in sample.
The measurement of proteins and other large molecule, where light is absorbed by functional group
of molecules, resulting in non-specific uv-vis spectra. Raman spectroscopy is supportive to MIR,
yielding different intensities and selectivity. Raman measures inelastic scattering from a monochromatic
radiation source. Fluorescence spectroscopy monitoring and automation of fluorescence can
be improved by using in combination with chemometric model for cultivation of e-coli. The application
of spectroscopic methods for the analysis of bioprocess result in complex spectra. The methods
under discussion produce datasets which overlapping spectra for all of these components
which requires multivariate data analysis method, such as Partial least square (PLS), regression or
principal component regression for data analysis also the use of calibration dataset and chemometric
algorithms which is beyond the scope of review.
Spectroscopic Study of Interaction of Bare, Citrate Capped and BSA Capped Fe3O4 Nanoparticles with Hemoglobin
Authors: Aich D. , Saha S. , Mondal R. N. , Samanta P. K. , Kamilya T.
Published: November 2020

Background:

Fe3O4nanoparticles have great potential in different biomedical applications. The study of the interaction of bare, and capped Fe3O4nanoparticles with common blood proteins is a field of interest for understanding the underlying mechanism and biocompatibility.

Objective:

This work aims at studying the nature of binding of bare, citrate functionalised and bovine serum albumin coated Fe3O4nanoparticles (Fe3O4NPs, CFe3O4NPs and BFe3O4NPs) with human hemoglobin (Hb), and their instantaneous effect on amino acid group, heme group and secondary structure of Hb.

Methods:

Nanoparticles were prepared by the chemical route and characterised by TEM, XRD and UV-Visible and FTIR spectroscopy. UV-visible absorbance and fluorescence emission/ excitation spectroscopy and circular dichroism were performed to study the interaction of nanoparticles with Hb.

Results:

UV-visible absorbance spectroscopy showed no blue or red shift of absorption peaks. Benesi-Hildebrand curves for the amino acid band and soret band of Hb absorbance spectrum were straight lines with positive intercepts; apparent binding constants and Gibbs free energy change were within a moderate level; they were larger for amino acid band in the presence of CFe3O4NPs, and for soret band in the presence of Fe3O4NPs, but noticeably small for both bands in the presence of BFe3O4NPs. Fluorescence emission/excitation spectra showed no noticeable shift of emission/excitation peak position of Hb in the presence of the three nanoparticles. Multiple peak fitting, done for the L-peak of the excitation spectrum of Hb, showed a major increase in the percentage of peak area of Tyr in the presence of CFe3O4NPs. Circular dichroism measurement showed that CFe3O4NPs, Fe3O4NPs and BFe3O4NPs reduced the α-helix content of Hb in decreasing order.

Conclusion:

Ground state complex formation of human hemoglobin with the studied nanoparticles with 1:1 stoichiometric ratio is suggested. Moreover, it has been observed that CFe3O4NPs may have a stronger interaction with the amino acid group while bare Fe3O4NPs may have a stronger interaction with the heme group of Hb. Hinderance of the energy transfer from tyrosine to tryptophan of Hb in the presence of CFe3O4NPs is also suggested. CFe3O4NPs may also have some effect on the secondary structure of Hb as indicated through reduction of the α-helix content. BFe3O4NPs have shown very weak interaction with Hb in the UV-visible absorbance spectroscopy, fluorescence emission/excitation spectroscopy and circular dichroism experiment.
Validation of blended learning model of applied mathematics through schoological networks for learning in new normal era in vocational education
Authors: Darma I Ketut , Karma I Gede Made , Santiana I Made Anom
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine the feasibility of a model of blended learning applied mathematics using Schoology for vocational education. Research using the 4D model development method includes: Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate, conducted at the Politeknik Negeri Bali. Data was collected using a validation sheet and student response questionnaire sheet. Data were analyzed descriptively. As a result, the design of applied mathematics blended learning using Schoology achieved: feasibility level of 84.91% (high enough), practicality 78.84% (quite practical), and compliance was 88.02% (very high). Blended learning applied mathematics is very appropriate to be used as a model of learning in vocational education. Feasible to use as a learning strategy in vocational education in the new normal era. Needs to be refined and the development process can be continued to the stage of test effectiveness, program evaluation, and dissemination.
Information technology duty, satisfaction and ais effectiveness moderate effect of benefits of informs technology on employee performance
Authors: Astika Ida Bagus Putra , Dwirandra AANB
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of IT benefits on employee performance. The specific objective of this study was to determine the effect of moderation in IT-task suitability, satisfaction, and effectiveness of AIS on the effect of IT usefulness on employee performance. The study population and using a purposive sampling method to determine the research sample. Furthermore, primary data was collected using a modified questionnaire from previous researchers and tested the validity and reliability of the instrument. Then, the collected data is tabulated and analyzed using MRA analysis techniques, through the following stages: 1) classical assumption test for compliance with the Best Linear Unbiased Estimator (BLUE) requirements which include: normality test, heteroscedasticity test, and multicollinearity test, 2) model feasibility test (F test), 3) analysis of the coefficient of determination (Adj. R2), and 4) hypothesis testing (t-test). The results showed that the usefulness of IT had a significant positive effect on employee performance. IT-task suitability, AIS satisfaction, and AIS effectiveness reinforce the positive influence of AIS benefits on employee performance.
Time budget pressure on audit quality with audit structure, independence, and audit supervision as moderating variable
Authors: Jati I Ketut , Suprasto Herkulanus Bambang
Published: November 2020

The audit quality of the public accounting firm / KAP was questioned as there were several cases of fraud, irregularity, and other unhealthy accounting practices that linked several public companies that had been audited and obtained an unqualified opinion / WTP. Empirical research shows that time budget pressure has an effect on audit quality but is not linear because moderating factors are suspected, including time budget pressure, audit structure, independence, and audit supervision. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of time budget pressure on audit quality. The population of KAP auditors in Bali Province and the research sample was determined by purposive sampling method. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed using the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) technique through the following stages: classical assumption test, model feasibility test (F test), determination coefficient analysis (Ajd. R2), research hypothesis testing (t-test) for both partial and moderating effect. The results of the research show that time budget pressure has a negative effect but not statistically significant on audit quality. Furthermore, audit structure, independence, audit supervision attenuate the negative effects of time budget pressure on audit quality.
OPTIMASI MEDIA KULTUR IN VITRO ANGGREK Dendrobium nobile BERBASIS PUPUK DENGAN PENAMBAHAN AIR KELAPA DAN VITAMIN B1
Authors: Purnamasari Ayu , Ratnawati Ratnawati , Suyitno Aloysius , Sugiyarto Lili , Mercuriani Ixora Sartika
Published: November 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi penambahan air kelapa dan vitamin B1 terhadap pertumbuhan anggrek D. nobile serta mengetahui konsentrasi vitamin B1 yang optimum untuk pertumbuhan anggrek D. nobile pada media kultur in vitro berbasis pupuk. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan rancangan tersarang (nested design) dimana faktor I adalah perlakuan air kelapa (dengan air kelapa dan tanpa air kelapa) dan faktor II adalah variasi konsentrasi vitamin B1 (0 ml.L-1, 0,25 ml.L-1,0,5 ml.L-1, dan 1 ml.L-1). Sampel anggrek yang digunakan adalah bibit anggrek D. nobile (umur 11 bulan) dalam kultur in vitro yang mempunyai keseragaman karakter pertumbuhan (memiliki dua daun dan belum memiliki akar). Pertumbuhan anggrek D. nobile diukur berdasarkan pertambahan jumlah daun, jumlah akar, jumlah tunas, panjang daun, panjang akar, tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, diameter akar, dan berat basah tanaman pada umur 10 minggu setelah subkultur. Data penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (Anova) metode rancangan tersarang dengan selang kepercayaan 5% dilanjutkan uji LSD (Least Significant Difference) dengan selang kepercayaan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan air kelapa memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pertambahan diameter batang dan berat basah tanaman sedangkan penambahan vitamin B1 memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pertambahan jumlah daun, jumlah akar, dan panjang akar anggrek D. nobile. Konsentrasi vitamin B1 yang optimum untuk pertumbuhan anggrek D. nobile pada media kultur in vitro berbasis pupuk adalah 0,5 ml.L-1 baik pada media yang mengandung ataupun tidak mengandung air kelapa.
COOLING UNIFORMITY ANALYSIS of INJECTION MOLDING PLASTIC PRODUCTS WITH COOLING SYSTEM VARIATIONS USING CFD METHOD
Authors: Prasetiyo Angger Bagus
Published: November 2020

The cooling system design selection plays an important role in a product cooling process in injection molding. This study presents an analysis of the uniform cooling of plastic products with a variety of cooling systems using the CFD method. Good cooling design, able to uniform the temperature drop in plastic products. There are two types of cooling system variations used, namely the conformal cooling channel system and the straight cooling channel system using the volume of fluid model with the k-epsilon turbulent model. The mold material used is steel and the plastic material used is polypropylene. The simulation results using the CFD method show that the variations in the conformal cooling channel system resulting from a decrease in temperature for each product are more uniform, as evidenced by the color of the contour experiencing light green degradation on all sides of the product, the maximum temperature value is 422, 44 ° K and the minimum temperature value is 338. , 00 ° K, while the straight cooling channel system has a non-uniform temperature reduction, as evidenced by the value with the contour color that is still orange, the maximum temperature value is 473.11 ° K.
O corpo e a simbologia arquetípica no movimento Taki Onkoy nos Andes no fim do século XVI d.C.
Authors: Morales Sandra
Published: November 2020

Durante os anos seguintes à conquista espanhola na América, surgiram vários fenômenos militares, políticos, civis, religiosos e sociais. Historiadores e antropólogos dedicaram-se à admirável tarefa de reunir fontes, checar dados e estudar depoimentos sobre esses fenômenos. Dentro dessa literatura, encontramos o movimento Taki Onkoy, normalmente inserido nas rebeliões ocorridas como reação dos indígenas ao domínio espanhol. Mas o movimento Taki Onkoy não era uma rebelião como as outras que surgiram nesse período, o movimento Taki Onkoy tornou-se a manifestação mais dramática da noção andina do sagrado e do poder dos sacerdotes andinos, que se lançaram na busca pela transformação e reestruturação da consciência. Este artigo teve como objetivos aprofundar o conhecimento da experiência religiosa coletiva do movimento Taki Onkoy e compreender seus símbolos arquetípicos e origem psíquica. A partir da teoria junguiana, abordou-se o encontro de dois mundos e buscou-se entender os complexos processos psicológicos e corporais que giravam em torno do movimento Taki Onkoy. A psicologia analítica contribuiu para compreender os momentos históricos da violência e do trauma em que um conjunto de símbolos sociais foi aniquilado e o ser humano retornou desesperadamente à procura de seu próprio imaginário, de seus mitos e de sua própria essência, usando para isso os símbolos e o corpo.
The Roles of Collagen in Islet Transplantation
Authors:   Department of Regenerative Medicine and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan, Sakata Naoaki ,   Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan, Yoshimatsu Gumpei , Koadama Shohta
Published: November 2020

Islet transplantation is a cellular replacement therapy for severe diabetes mellitus. Although the clinical outcome of islet transplant has been improving, the transplant efficacy of this treatment is not superior to that of pancreatic organ transplantation, a similar transplant therapy. Various factors have been characterized as ‘islet transplantation specific’, which includes lack of revascularization and ischemia, innate inflammation, or autoimmunity, affect the therapeutic outcome of this treatment. Among them, the impairment of islets by digestion of extracellular matrix (ECM) via the islet isolation and transplantation process is one of the major factors to avoid islet engraftment. The islet is composed of endocrine cells aggregated by ECMs. Particularly, collagen is a target for the digestion of the pancreas for islet isolation. Furthermore, collagen improves endocrine functions, survival, and proliferation. In this study, we review the importance of collagen in islet transplantation.
Knowledge of Sleep Disorders Among Physicians at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Qatar: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Haq Irfan Ul , Hameed Mansoor Ali , Thomas Merlin Marry , Syed Khezar Shahzada , Othman Ahmad Mohammad Mahmoud , Ahmed Shakeel , Alabbas Abbas Abdallah , Ahmad Mushtaq
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Sleep disorders constitute a major health problem because of their relatively high and rising prevalence. Several studies worldwide have analyzed health care providers’ knowledge of sleep disorders.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed to assess the knowledge of sleep disorders among physicians in Qatar.

METHODS

A total of 250 physicians were surveyed regarding their knowledge of sleep medicine by using the validated 30-item Assessment of Sleep Knowledge in Medical Education (ASKME) Survey. The participants included residents, fellows, and consultants in medicine and allied subspecialties. A high score was defined as ≥60% of correctly answered questions, implying the respondent has adequate knowledge of sleep disorders.

RESULTS

Responses were received from 158 of the 250 physicians, with a response rate of 63.2%. This included responses from 34 residents, 74 clinical fellows, and 50 consultants. The overall mean score was 15.53 (SD 4.42), with the highest possible score of 30. Only 57 of 158 (36.1%) respondents were able to answer ≥60% of the questions correctly. No statistically significant difference was found in the scores of participants with regard to their ranks (ie, residents, fellows, or consultants) or years of medical training.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that health care providers in Qatar have decreased awareness and knowledge about sleep medicine, which may reflect reduced emphasis on sleep disorders during medical school and training. Increasing awareness regarding sleep medicine among nonspecialist physicians will allow early detection and treatment of sleep disorders, thereby reducing the morbidity associated with these disorders.
Live Video Mind-Body Treatment to Prevent Persistent Symptoms Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Greenberg Jonathan , Singh Tanya , Iverson Grant L. , Silverberg Noah D. , Macklin Eric A. , Parker Robert A. , Giacino Joseph T. , Yeh Gloria Y. , Vranceanu Ana-Maria
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Every year, approximately 42 million people suffer a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI, aka concussion), with particularly high rates among college-age individuals. A substantial proportion (44%-64%) go on to develop persistent symptoms that are challenging to treat, costly, and associated with significant disability. Anxiety has emerged as risk factor for progression from acute to persistent mTBI symptoms.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop, adapt, and establish the feasibility of the Toolkit for Optimal Recovery after Concussions (TOR-C), an innovative mind-body program aimed at preventing persistent symptoms among young adults with mTBI and co-morbid anxiety. Here we describe the proposed study design, methodology, measurement, and treatment manuals.

METHODS

In phase 1 we will conduct individual, live video qualitative interviews (up to N=20) with college-age individuals with mTBI and comorbid anxiety to inform adaptation of the intervention and study procedures. In phase 2, we will conduct an open pilot of the live video TOR-C (N=5) with exit interviews to explore initial feasibility, acceptability, and credibility of the program and to refine study procedures. In phase 3 we will conduct a feasibility randomized controlled trial (N= 50) of the TOR-C versus a health education control (Health Enhancement for Concussions; HE-C), both delivered via live video, to establish 1) feasibility of recruitment procedures (screening, eligibility, enrollment) and data collection; 2), feasibility, credibility, and acceptability of the live video TOR-C and HE-C (adherence, retention, fidelity, satisfaction) following pre-specified benchmarks, and 3) a signal of improvement in outcomes.

RESULTS

Phase 1 of the study was approved by the Massachusetts General Hospital Institutional Review Board. Study completion is anticipated by early 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

We will develop and test the first mind-body intervention focused on prevention of persistent symptoms following mTBI in young adults with comorbid anxiety problems. It will allow us to establish feasibility markers in post-concussive symptoms, anxiety, disability, and fear avoidance, to inform a future efficacy trial of TOR-C vs. the HE-C and subsequent implementation.
Collaborating in the Time of COVID-19: The Scope and Scale of Innovative Responses to a Global Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Bernardo Theresa , Sobkowich Kurtis Edward , Forrest Russell Othmer , Stewart Luke Silva , D'Agostino Marcelo , Perez Gutierrez Enrique , Gillis Daniel
Published: November 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

The emergence of COVID-19 spurred the formation of myriad teams to tackle every conceivable aspect of the virus and thwart its spread. Enabled by global digital connectedness, collaboration has become a constant theme throughout the pandemic, resulting in the expedition of the scientific process (including vaccine development), rapid consolidation of global outbreak data and statistics, and experimentation with novel partnerships. To document the evolution of these collaborative efforts, the authors collected illustrative examples as the pandemic unfolded, supplemented with publications from the JMIR COVID-19 Special Issue. Over 60 projects rooted in collaboration are categorized into five main themes: knowledge dissemination, data propagation, crowdsourcing, artificial intelligence, and hardware design and development. They highlight the numerous ways that citizens, industry professionals, researchers, and academics have come together worldwide to consolidate information and produce products to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially, researchers and citizen scientists scrambled to access quality data within an overwhelming quantity of information. As global curated data sets emerged, derivative works such as visualizations or models were developed that depended on consistent data and would fail when there were unanticipated changes. Crowdsourcing was used to collect and analyze data, aid in contact tracing, and produce personal protective equipment by sharing open designs for 3D printing. An international consortium of entrepreneurs and researchers created a ventilator based on an open-source design. A coalition of nongovernmental organizations and governmental organizations, led by the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, created a shared open resource of over 200,000 research publications about COVID-19 and subsequently offered cash prizes for the best solutions to 17 key questions involving artificial intelligence. A thread of collaboration weaved throughout the pandemic response, which will shape future efforts. Novel partnerships will cross boundaries to create better processes, products, and solutions to consequential societal challenges.
Suitability of Google Trends™ for digital surveillance during ongoing COVID-19 epidemic: a case study from India (Preprint)
Authors: Satpathy Parmeshwar , Kumar Sanjeev , Prasad Pankaj
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Digital surveillance has shown mixed results as supplement to the traditional surveillance. Google Trends™ (GT) is a digital platform explored for surveillance during pandemics of H1N1, Ebola and MERS. Similar efforts have been reported for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic too.

OBJECTIVE

We used GT to correlate the information seeking on COVID-19 with number of tests and cases reported both at national and state levels.

METHODS

We obtained data on daily tests and cases from WHO, ECDC and covid19india.org websites. We retrieved GT data between 1st January 2020 to 31st May 2020 for India using a comprehensive search strategy in the form of relative search volume (RSV). We used time-lag correlation analysis to assess the temporal relationships between RSV and daily new COVID-19 cases and daily tests.

RESULTS

High time-lag correlation was observed between both the daily reported number of tests and cases and RSV for the terms “COVID 19”, “COVID”, “social distancing”, “soap” and “lockdown” at national level. Similar high time-lag correlation was observed for the terms “COVID 19”, “COVID”, “Corona”, “social distancing”, “soap”, “lockdown” in five high-burden states. Peaks in RSV both at national level and high-burden states corresponded with media coverage or government declarations on the ongoing pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study show that Google Trends™ data are highly correlated with COVID-19 tests and cases in India. This correlation may be because of search behaviour induced either by media-coverage of the pandemic or health-seeking for COVID-19 illness. We argue that GT can supplement the traditional surveillance system, more easily and at a lower cost.
ANIMAL TALES IN CHEROKEE AND SUMBAWA TRADITION: A STUDY ON CHEROKEE AND SUMBAWANESE VALUES REFLECTED IN THREE PAIRS OF STORIES
Authors: Rakhmatullah Vivin Nila
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this article is to observe a comparative study of animal tales of Cherokee, one of Native American tribes and Sumbawa, an Indonesia tribe, especially to describe the similarities and the differences in delivering moral values between the three pairs of tales, to explore the cultural values in Cherokee and Sumbawa animal folktales, and to elucidate the representation of the characters in those animal folktales. The animal tales of Cherokee are How the Terrapin Beat the Rabbit, The Rabbit and The Possum Seek a Wife, and How the Deer Got His Horns. While, the animal tales of Sumbawa are: The Tales of The Monkey, The Turtle and The Snail, The Tales of The Monkey And The Flamingo and The Cocky Monkey (Sruduk Team). The animal characters in these tales are to represent human being, their characteristics, moral and cultural values. Their main characters in most of animal tales are different; Cherokee is represented by the character of Rabbit, whereas Sumbawa is represented by the character of Monkey. The animal tales of Cherokee and Sumbawa is very much alive and imbued with power to create identity and community.Keywords: Comparative study, Folklore, Folktales, Animal tales, Moral values, Cultural values.
ASIAN INDIAN MUSLIM NEGOTIATING FOR IDENTITY IN THE POST ‘SEPTEMBER ELEVENTH’ AS DEPICTED IN THE FILM MY NAME IS KHAN
Authors: Fajriani Fajriani
Published: November 2020

This article is an attempt to examine the problem of Muslim identity and how they negotiate their identity as Muslim whereas they have to face anti Muslim racism by Americans. The film has the theme of racism in the context of Muslim racial profiling. Therefore to accomplish the objectives, it applies Kant’s theory called as “races of mankind” that is, people are distinguishable according to their inherited physical attributes. This term illustrated the racialized of religion in the context of physical attributes related to labeling of Muslim racial profiling and stereotypes as terrorist. Since “September Eleventh”, Muslim is suspected as terrorist and has to be responsible for the tragedy. The interesting fact found in the analysisof the Asian Indian Muslim identity in the United States America post “September Eleventh” as depicted in the film is that, the Muslim Americans community was particularly impacted by the attacks and has had to face the growing Islamophobia including discrimination and prejudice, racial hatred, as well as violence. Rising Islamophobia and the negative reaction of American society to “September Eleventh” have led to changing definitions of the good multicultural society in the United States of America. Therefore, to decrease the impact of Islamophobia, Asian Indian Muslim Americans undergo the process of negotiation for their identity as Muslim through the way such as assertiveness in faith, showing the truth of Islam and participate in social activity. Accordingly, Americans Muslim can reduce the suspicionsof their identity until Americans do not assume them as threat even less as enemy but rather as human being that have right to be appreciated because of their humanity and not because of their identity as Muslim.Key words: Negotiation, Asian Indian Muslim identity, September Eleventh, Muslim racial profiling.
THE HIPPIES IDENTITY IN THE 1960S AND ITS AFTERMATH
Authors: Lutfi Nafisatul
Published: November 2020

The study on the hippies is abundant in numbers but not many of them study the disposition and identification of the hippies during the 1960s and its aftermath. Pierre Bourdieu’s theory on cultural practice, theory of hybridity, and globalization are used in this research to investigate the disposition and trans-nationality of the hippies in order to search for their universal identity. A Transnational American Studies approach is implemented to cover the following issue: (1) the socio-cultural disposition of the hippies in the 1960s, (2) the influence of European movement to the American Hippies, (3) the cultural hybridity of the hippies in relation with India, and (4) the similarities of the hippies and the reasons behind it. This research used library research and document analysis method in gathering the data whereas descriptive analysis approach is also used to analyze the data. The United States of America, India and Germany are the three countries being studied in relation to the hippies in the 1960s. The finding shows similar dispositions or background among the hippies in some countries being studied as well as some similarities and differences in the cultural practices of the hippies in the countries being studied. This shows the transnationality of the hippie’s identity and the influence of hybridity and globalization which causes the shifting of ideology and cultural practices of the hippies in its developments.Keywords: hippies, identity, Pierre Bourdieu, habitus, hybridity, globalization, TransnationalAmerican Studies
THE POWER OF AMIRI BARAKA’S POLITICAL THOUGHTS TO THE AFRICAN-AMERICAN MOVEMENT IN AMERICA
Authors: Febriyanti Irma
Published: November 2020

Imamu Amiri Baraka is an artist, activist, and also an African-American leader who was born in Newark, New Jersey. Throughout his prolific career in American literature, he was able to generate some important political issues in defending the Black Power which was a perpetuating challenge for African-American intellectuals in the 1960s-1970s.This research is written under American Studies discipline, which takes politics to gain an African-American politics’ point of view, sociology to explore the theory of race and social conflict in the United States, and cultural studies to understand the struggle of African-Americans towards white Americans.The findings of this research show Baraka’s adeptness in his dual role as artist and politician through his political thoughts which has a never-ending development of his political consciousness. Baraka’s intellectual and political thought formation has moved through verydistinct stages and they are: Black Cultural Nationalism, Black Solidarity and Black Marxism. His final political stage has a broader consciousness that reveals capitalism in the Western world and this revelation of capitalism declared its theme of death and despair, moral and social corruption with its concomitant decrying Western values and ethics, the struggle against selfhatred, and a growing ethnic awareness.Keywords: Amiri Baraka, black power, political thought, African-American politics, andconflict
CONTESTATION BETWEEN GLOBAL AND LOCAL IN MANGGARAI RAP MUSIC
Authors: Yuliantari Ans. Prawati
Published: November 2020

Globalization causes the spread of pop culture beyond geographical boundaries. Rap music as a form of pop culture spread around the world in the 1990s through the mass media that was driven by the transnational music industry. Its popularity was not just happened in big cities, but in peripheral regions like in Manggarai of East Nusa Tenggara as well.This article uses the transnational concept in American studies and theory of landscape advanced by Arjun Appadurai. The concept of Transnational American Studies is used to analyze the influence of American culture beyond its territory, while the theory of landscape is used to analyze the conflicts that occured between the global and the local rap music in Manggarai music spaces.This analysis shows that the process of appropriation carried out by local rapper against global rap music is a form of negotiation to adapt to local tastes as well as of creativity to face global music. The strategies undertaken in the struggle for spaces of music can be seen in the form of themes, language, dialect, or mode of production. Contestation between the global and the local is always transformed through the development of music consumers in the area.Keywords: Contestation, Rap, Transnational, Globalization
MS. MARVEL AS A REPRESENTATION OF THE STRUGGLE FOR AMERICAN IDENTITY
Authors: Paramita Ashika Prajnya
Published: November 2020

In early 2014, Marvel Comics released a new series called Ms. Marvel. The main character of this series is a Pakistani-American Muslim girl named Kamala Khan. Her story is a breakthrough against the negative representation of Islam in the Western world, especially after 9/11. This research examines five issues taken from the first volume of the Ms. Marvel comic book series. The paper discusses the reason why this series is substantial in the struggle of Muslim immigrants to survive as a minority group in the United States. The results show that Ms. Marvel serves as a medium of communication for the under-represented American Muslim community. Furthermore, by accepting the new superhero, the American society itself has also transformed and it is beginning to adapt to the idea that Muslim immigrants are members of their society.Keywords: Muslim, superhero, comic book, identity, popular culture
A TRANSNATIONAL STUDY ON AMERICAN HEGEMONY OF INDONESIAN MALE TEENAGERS THROUGH SMACKDOWN
Authors: Gumilang Dhionisius Bambang
Published: November 2020

SmackDown is one of the most phenomenal products of U.S. popular culture. It goes beyond its geographical borders to broadcast in each house in other countries. It caused several deaths and injuries to Indonesian children during 2006 followed by the banning of the program from airing nationally. It began re-airing through TV cable in 2011 and fanbase communities were established in three major big cities in Indonesia, which are Yogyakarta, Bandung, and Jakarta.This research represents the perception of SmackDown among Indonesian male teenagers ages 15-17 and its effects as well as the power of SmackDown over them. It uses a mixed method of quantitative and qualitative methods in a grounded research under Transnational American Studies related to hegemony and popular culture. The analysis of the data that are collected through quantitative method uses the semiotic approach that links the sign, signified, and signifiers to the reality by comparing it to the American perception based on the published journals, thesis, or dissertations to Indonesian perception from interviews and group discussions with fanbase members, students from three private high schools and athletes of amateur wrestling.This research reveals that hegemonic masculinity that constructs gender in society is shaped through the broadcast of SmackDown in Indonesia. It is seen from the performance that justifies violence, portrays the ideal body for men and positions women as inferior to men. Meanwhile, the SmackDown itself engages the audience by manipulating the reality in order to blur the line between fantasy and reality. The blurred lines give the audience a sense of pseudo-ideology which puts fantasy as their reality. Gender construction is pseudo-ideology to the society. Keywords: SmackDown, hegemony, popular culture, transnational
FIGHTING FOR WOMEN EXISTENCE IN POPULAR ESPIONAGE MOVIES SALT (2010) AND ZERO DARK THIRTY (2012)
Authors: Amalina Benita
Published: November 2020

American spy movies have been considered one of the most profitable genre in Hollywood. These spy movies frequently create an assumption that this genre is exclusively masculine, as women have been made oblivious and restricted to either supporting roles or non-spy roles. In 2010 and 2012, portrayal of women in spy movies was finally changed after the release of Salt and Zero Dark Thirty, in which women became the leading spy protagonists. Through the post-nationalist American Studies perspective, this study discusses the importance of both movies in reinventing women’s identity representation in a masculine genre in response to the evolving American society. Keywords: American women, hegemony, representation, Hollywood, movies, popular culture