bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Processo de indexação nas bibliotecas dos Institutos Federais do Paraná - IFPR
Authors: Ferreira Fabiane , Cervantes Brígida Maria Nogueira
Published: March 2016

A principal função das bibliotecas dos Institutos Federais está no seu papel de disseminadora da informação e facilitadora do acesso ao conhecimento registrado. Elas são responsáveis por fornecer recursos informacionais (produtos e serviços), indispensáveis à sua atuação de atender a um público diversificado. Esta pesquisa visa investigar como está sendo realizado o processo de indexação nas bibliotecas do Instituto Federal do Paraná (IFPR). A pesquisa foi classificada como exploratória e qualitativa, com a utilização de questionário para a coleta dos dados. Os resultados indicam que as bibliotecas não possuem instrumentos e formas de se organizar e controlar a atividade de indexação. Isso torna evidente a necessidade de elaboração de uma política de indexação que direcione a catalogação de assunto no contexto das bibliotecas do IFPR.  Conclui-se que estas bibliotecas são singulares e encontram-se em fase inicial de formação, exigindo de seus profissionais esforços para a consolidação de políticas e diretrizes para nortear e solidificar as atividades nelas desenvolvidas.
O conhecimento na perspectiva da construção social
Authors: Ferreira Liliane Juvência Azevedo , Alvares Lillian Maria Araújo de Rezende , Martins Dalton Lopes
Published: March 2016

A Gestão do Conhecimento constitui-se em um complemento na administração organizacional. Entre outras características, reconhece os fluxos informais de informação, cujo tratamento requer o uso de tecnologias, promovendo a criação, armazenamento e transferência do conhecimento. As Redes Sociais, neste contexto, representam os atores que criam, geram e disseminam esse conhecimento, reforçando a ideia de que o conhecimento organizacional se estabelece a partir da construção social. Este trabalho é um ensaio teórico cujo objetivo é apresentar algumas concepções que aproximam as temáticas Gestão do Conhecimento e Redes Sociais. Constitui-se em uma pesquisa exploratória, por meio de revisão bibliográfica. Os resultados apontam que tais abordagens têm contribuído à Ciência da Informação e que podem ser aplicadas em ambientes organizacionais, tais como de bibliotecas. E a metodologia de Análise de Redes Sociais pode ser uma importante aliada na promoção destes estudos.
Patrimônio documental nacional
Authors: Rodrigues Marcia Carvalho
Published: March 2016

Este artigo apresenta conceitos fundamentais relativos à temática do patrimônio cultural, com ênfase na busca por uma definição, em nível nacional, de patrimônio documental. Os procedimentos metodológicos seguiram a abordagem dialética e a técnica da pesquisa em fontes bibliográficas e documentais. Os resultados apontam a inexistência de uma definição explícita, no Brasil, do que seja patrimônio documental, porém permitem observar a preocupação governamental com a preservação desta categoria patrimonial.
Manual de estudo de usuários da informação
Authors: Santos Gildenir Carolino
Published: March 2016

AMARAL, S. A.; BRANDÃO, E.; CUNHA, Murilo. Manual de estudo de usuários da informação. Editora Atlas, 2015. 464 p. ISBN 9788522498772
The Application of AHP Approach for Evaluating Location Selection Elements for Retail Store
Authors: Akalin Mahmet , Turhan Gulden , Sahin Azize
Published: March 2016

he aims of the study at using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) are two-fold. First, the study aims to determine the relative importance or weight of multiple criteria and its attributes in the decision problem of location selection. The second aim of the study is to identify a location with the highest potential among alternatives for retailers by using a series of criteria and attributes determined. By the means of the AHP method, decision makers put weighted values to the evaluation criteria with respect to the related goal and the attributes with respect to the corresponding criteria. In addition, the priority weight for every location alternative on each criterion and attribute is estimated. The AHP process involves hierarchically structuring decision problem, setting priority weights, establishing a judgment matrix and weight vector, and then ranking the order of location alternatives. To substantiate the feasibility of this standard approach, a case study is conducted with location selection for a clothing store in this study.
Are performances in Governance Indicators Complementary to Corruption Abatement?
Authors: Ray Kamal , Das Ramesh
Published: March 2016

Private use of public office for private gain could be a tentative connotation of corruption and most distasteful event of corruption is that it is not there, nor that it is pervasive, but it is socially acknowledged in the global economy, especially in the developing nations. In the present paper we attempt to assess the interrelationship between the Corruption perception index (CPI) and the principal components of governance indicators as per World Bank Governance Indicators like Control of Corruption (CC), Rule of Law (RL), Regulatory Quality (RQ) and Government Effectiveness (GE). Applying Granger Causality Test the study observes a mixed or inconclusive result. Only bilateral causal link between the CPI and CC works for UK, whereas there are unilateral causal links between the CPI and one or more governance indicators working for other countries for France, Japan, China, India, Thailand and South Africa. In no way causalities are observed for USA, Germany and Brazil.
Painting Shades of Gray: How to Communicate the History of Communism in Museums
Authors: Zbuchea Alexandra , Ivan Loredana
Published: March 2016

Communication of sciences / arts lies at the core of a museum public activity. It is a special type of communication, meant to make the collections and the domain of the expertise of the museum accessible to a wide public in order to fulfill the special cultural and social role that museums have in the contemporary society. This cannot be achieved without the cooperation of visitors, as well as the museum stakeholders. For fruitful relationships, museums have to design their activity and public offer taking into account the characteristics as well as the interests of various segments of its audience. The present paper discusses the prerequisites for a successful museum exhibition. Special attention is given to designing an effective exhibition on the history of communism. By investigating the profile of the potential visitors for such an exhibition, the paper draws a framework to be considered when designing it. The discussion is timely, since in the last few years there are discussions and initiatives related with the establishment of a museum of communism.
Community Vision and Interagency Alignment: A Community Planning Process to Promote Active Transportation
Authors: DeGregory Sarah Timmins , Chaudhury Nupur , Kennedy Patrick , Noyes Philip , Maybank Aletha
Published: March 2016

In 2010, the Brooklyn Active Transportation Community Planning Initiative launched in 2 New York City neighborhoods. Over a 2-year planning period, residents participated in surveys, school and community forums, neighborhood street assessments, and activation events—activities that highlighted the need for safer streets locally. Consensus among residents and key multisectoral stakeholders, including city agencies and community-based organizations, was garnered in support of a planned expansion of bicycling infrastructure. The process of building on community assets and applying a collective impact approach yielded changes in the built environment, attracted new partners and resources, and helped to restore a sense of power among residents.
History, Epidemiology, and Clinical Manifestations of Zika: A Systematic Review
Authors: Paixão Enny S. , Barreto Florisneide , da Glória Teixeira Maria , da Conceição N. Costa Maria , Rodrigues Laura C.
Published: March 2016

Objectives. To describe salient epidemiological characteristics of Zika virus outbreaks across the world and to examine the clinical presentations, complications, and atypical manifestations related to their occurrence in recent history.

Methods. We conducted a systematic review of the literature by searching through MEDLINE, Embase, and Global Health Library, as well as the epidemiological bulletins and alerts from the World Health Organization, the Pan American Health Organization, and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control over the period 1954 to 2016.

Results. The search yielded 547 records. We retained 333 for further analysis, to which we added 11 epidemiological bulletins from various sources. Of these, we systematically reviewed 52 articles and reports, revealing some epidemiological features and patterns of spread of the Zika virus worldwide, as well as pathological outcomes suspected to be linked to Zika outbreaks. Neurologic disorders among zika patients were similar in Brazil and French Polynesia but a causal link is not established. Incidence of zika infection in pregnant women is not known. In Brazil, during the zika outbreak the incidence of microcephaly increased more than 20 times. Among 35 infants with microcephaly, born from women suspected to have Zika infection during pregnancy in northeast Brazil, 74% of the mothers reported rash during the first and second trimester.

Conclusions. On February 1, 2016, The World Health Organization declared the ongoing Zika crisis an emergency and that, although not yet scientifically proven, the link between the virus and growing numbers of microcephaly cases was “strongly suspected.” However, the causal relationship between zika and microcephaly is not universally accepted.

Public Health Implications. The current situation with regard to Zika is not encouraging, because there is no vaccine, no treatment, and no good serological test, and vector control remains a challenge.
The Epidemic of Zika Virus–Related Microcephaly in Brazil: Detection, Control, Etiology, and Future Scenarios
Authors: Teixeira Maria G. , da Conceição N. Costa Maria , de Oliveira Wanderson K. , Nunes Marilia Lavocat , Rodrigues Laura C.
Published: March 2016

We describe the epidemic of microcephaly in Brazil, its detection and attempts to control it, the suspected causal link with Zika virus infection during pregnancy, and possible scenarios for the future. In October 2015, in Pernambuco, Brazil, an increase in the number of newborns with microcephaly was reported. Mothers of the affected newborns reported rashes during pregnancy and no exposure to other potentially teratogenic agents. Women delivering in October would have been in the first trimester of pregnancy during the peak of a Zika epidemic in March. By the end of 2015, 4180 cases of suspected microcephaly had been reported. Zika spread to other American countries and, in February 2016, the World Health Organization declared the Zika epidemic a public health emergency of international concern. This unprecedented situation underscores the urgent need to establish the evidence of congenital infection risk by gestational week and accrue knowledge. There is an urgent call for a Zika vaccine, better diagnostic tests, effective treatment, and improved mosquito-control methods.
Styles of Thinking, Behavioural Economics and Operational Risk Assessment in Oil and Gas Activities
Authors: McLeod Ronald W.
Published: March 2016

Making reference to more than 40 years of scientific research, this paper identifies some key areas of psychological knowledge that are at the heart of how people assess risk and make decisions in real-time: most importantly the difference between "System 1" and "System 2" styles of thinking. Drawing on two incidents and the use of Risk Assessment Matrices as illustration, the paper demonstrates how psychological knowledge can provide deep understanding of the choices people make and the actions they take when they are faced with assessing risk and making decisions in real-time under operational conditions. The paper goes beyond what has previously been published in industry forums in identifying and explaining some of the relevant psychological knowledge, as well as illustrating a few of its operational implications.
ALARP Methodology Used for BAT Environmental Impact Reduction
Authors: Valeur Jens Rosendal , Ruggiero Loredana
Published: March 2016

Demonstrated use of Best Available Technology (BAT) is the guiding principle with respect to environmental performance when designing offshore installations. The paper shows how the well-established methods used for demonstration of safety risk reduction of a level As Low As Reasonable Practicable (ALARP) can be used for demonstrating BAT.

The BAT principle specifies that the environmental impacts shall be reduced as much as the economically and technically viable solutions allow. The criteria for demonstration environmental impact reduction are very similar to the criteria used for demonstrating risk reduction to ALARP. The paper explains how the well-established methodology for identifying hazards, assessing risks and demonstrating ALARP can be used for identification of environmental aspects, assessment of environmental impacts and demonstrating BAT. Examples of the use of the methodology are provided.

The methodology has been tested for carrying out a BAT assessment for a combined drill and production offshore installation. A BAT review workshop was carried out using the same methods as when carrying out a Hazard Identification (HAZID) workshop and an ALARP workshop. The participants were mainly technicians and safety people well familiar with the safety risk reduction concepts. This made the concept of BAT easily understandable for everybody and facilitated an efficient workshop execution.

Also, the use of comparable concepts makes it straightforward to identify where possible conflicts between environmental impact reduction and safety risk reduction existed. In that way it could be insured that the environmental impact reduction measured did not compromise the overall safety of the installation.

The new EU Offshore Safety Directive (2013/30/EU) requires the risk of major environmental accidents to be included in risk analyses (HAZID's, Quantitative Risk Assessments (QRA's)) for offshore installations. This is a consequence of the Deepwater Horizon accident in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, which drew attention to accidents including major safety as well as environmental consequences. The integrated approach to ALARP and BAT assessment described above fits very well with the requirements of the EU Offshore Safety Directive and with similar developments in other regions of the world.

The concept of using methods developed within the safety and risk reduction field when identifying environmental aspects, assessing environmental risks and demonstrating BAT is generally applicable when carrying out environmental assessments of equipment and operational modes. The main advantages are the familiarity of the methods amongst technical and safety personnel, and the possibility of carrying out environmental risk analysis and safety risk analysis in the same, or in parallel, processes. In that way, all HSE risks and impact reductions can be balanced for the benefit of the overall HSE performance.
How an Oilfield Services Company Managed the Ebola Outbreak in Nigeria
Authors: Okorocha U. , Chukueke O. , Muogbo U. Y.
Published: March 2016

The World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2014 officially published a notification of an outbreak of the Ebola virus disease (EVD) in Guinea. With reports of the spread of Ebola in the following weeks in neighboring countries, the likelihood of its introduction into Nigeria was real. In July 2014, a confirmation of the index case in Lagos, Nigeria, caught the country unaware and unprepared. For an oilfield services provider with more than 1,500 employees in Nigeria representing over 20 different nationalities it became imperative to put up a strong, dynamic, and comprehensive response plan to manage the imminent outbreak.

An immediate step was to engage with the relevant authorities in Nigeria to ensure prompt access to accurate information and establish internal communication platforms within the existing company systems. Multilateral engagements were established with various stakeholders within and outside the industry, as well as with government agencies.

Within the company, training packages were developed and delivered to employees to ensure high levels of awareness of the disease, and knowledge sharing with their families was encouraged. An emergency management plan was developed and implemented that included identification and training of emergency responders, deployment of relevant resources, introduction of control measures within company facilities, and medical service provider alliances.

Through the dedication, determination, vigilance and collaboration by the Nigerian government and its health agencies, industry stakeholders, and the international health agencies, Nigeria was declared an Ebola-free country by WHO in October 2014.

This required the company to begin a phased deployment of the de-escalation the plan, while taking into account the presence of Ebola within the subregion and the need to maintain vigilance and keep awareness levels high.
Development and Implementation of a Risk-Based Environmental Management System in an Oilfield Services Company
Authors: Sealy Ian , Scott Hannah , Walker Kirsty
Published: March 2016

An oilfield services company has developed and implemented a risk-based environmental management system. This has been in response to increasingly diverse exposures, including operation of production fields on behalf of oilfield operators in addition to services and products associated with exploration, well construction and production services.

Previous systems took a one-size-fits-all approach, applying a set of mandatory environmental controls throughout the organization. In 2013, as part of a wider review of HSE management system practices, a decision was made to develop a risk-based approach to environmental management.

The standard employs a set of fundamental controls which are applied at all facilities, in all business segments, and in all countries where the company operates. These include controls for topics such as contractor management, life cycle management, system monitoring and reporting (including internal and external compliance), due diligence, and training.

An environmental risk matrix is used to assess risk for each business segment and each geographical region. Stakeholders include operators, regulators and the local communities. In addition, the risk-based controls cover the requirements of external international codes and standards (e.g. IFC, ISO) where they have been adopted or their use is required.

The matrix requires the assessment of each business segment against criteria such as stakeholder requirements, ecosystem impacts, resource consumption, waste management, and air emissions. The results of the assessment are used to identify controls that may be, or must be used where certain risks are identified, which are documented in a business-specific environmental management standard.

Individual units in both the manufacturing and operations organizations develop plans to describe the scope of activity for the unit, and document the environmental management procedures and controls required to meet the needs of their business unit and those of their stakeholders. The plan also forms the basis of the internal compliance auditing process for the business unit.

The paper describes the development of the system and tools which are used to ensure consistent implementation and conformance across a company that operates in diverse geographical regions. Two years of experience with the implementation process are reviewed, and conclusions on future development are offered.
Cost Cutting and Improving Safety at the Same Time. Possible?
Authors: Huse Jan Reier
Published: March 2016

In the current business environment, cost cutting is more than a slogan – it is a necessity for the whole industry. Safety Specialists have to contribute. The overall objective is to reduce cost without reducing safety and as a safety professional this makes sense and is a challenge we should all face with an open mind.

There are examples where complex design solutions may very well be replaced by simple solutions and where the simple solutions would imply an improvement in terms of safety. The complex fully integrated F&G, ESD. PSD, Process control systems represents a series of potential common cause failures, and the mitigation of such effects complicates the design even further. It is argued that the number of instrumentation devices have increased significantly over the years but the improvements in terms of safety is not that obvious. The more information being displayed in the control room, the harder it is to use the information actively in decision making.

Performing advanced studies in the design phase is one way forward towards optimizing number of field detectors, application of passive fire protection to structures and piping/vessels, etc. The tools and methods are available. CFD analyses where the credible gas cloud size and shape can be predicted have been used to find the optimum number and location of F&G detectors.

The principle of "inherent safety" should gain more attention. Where such solutions may be found, the CAPEX cost savings may be significant, and the OPEX savings even more significant.

The development of advanced tools and methods for safety analysis enables us to perform optimizations and document safety levels. However, we need to appreciate that the number crunching does not always adds value to the project. We do have the tools but with them comes the responsibilities to use the tools with care and to the extent it adds value.
Applying An Ecological Avoidance Program To Minimize Environmental Impacts During A Seismic Survey
Authors: Ochanda David , Cramer Anatole
Published: March 2016

Total Exploration and Production Uganda undertook a 3D seismic survey in Exploration Area 1/1A lying within the Murchison Falls National Park inhabited by many species of wildlife. During the seismic survey, an ecological avoidance program was applied to; i). Scout and map all sensitive features within the seismic footprint, ii). Avoid impacts on sensitive features and maintain their ecological integrity, iii). Proactively demonstrate sustainable oil & gas extraction in a sensitive ecosystem.

A mitigation hierarchy of; Avoidance, Minimization, Restoration and Offsetting residual impacts was followed to limit ecological impacts. In this paper, we focus on Avoidance, presented as a model for future seismic or other intensive operations in similar sensitive ecosystems. This involved; systematic surveys of predefined seismic lines for sensitive features, mapping locations of features, sensitizing Seismic crews, and on-ground supervision of Avoidance implementation.

A total of 25,484 features such as; lekking grounds of ungulates, clay-licks and wallows were mapped along approximately 3300km in total of seismic lines surveyed. Out of 25,484 features mapped, 10,169 significant features were sorted, from which 678 features were sampled and revisited after seismic operations to assess compliance to Avoidance.

Out of 678 features revisited, only one, a burrow was found to be impacted upon, having a tyre mark depression implying it was trampled by a vehicle. Three other burrows were found filled with soil, but with no indication of whether this was due to anthropogenic or natural occurrence. Five hundred and twenty features were found to have signs of animal activities such as; footmarks and physical presence of animals, including birds, indicating continued use of the features after seismic operations. The results indicate compliance by Seismic crews, suggesting that the Avoidance Mapping Procedure is an effective impact mitigation measure especially in such sensitive ecosystems.

No such intensive seismic operation had been undertaken before in such a sensitive ecosystem. Some impact minimization measures used such as cable-less seismic data acquisition were implemented for the first time in Africa during these surveys. The Avoidance Mapping Procedure designed and applied was as well therefore the first of its kind, and provides an extensive knowledge, technicalities and experience in avoiding and minimizing impacts during seismic operations in such sensitive ecosystems.
Tripartite Collaboration on Enhancing Knowledge about Norwegian HSE Regulations for the Petroleum Activities
Authors: Myrholt L. , Spilde H. , Gundersen N. G. , Solberg G. , Tendenes K. O.
Published: March 2016

The paper presents a competence-in-regulations training project that was established for the Norwegian petroleum industry. The purpose was to enhance knowledge about the health, safety and environment (HSE) regulations and to promote consciousness of the requirements, thereby facilitating compliance.

The training project is unique in that it is based on a tripartite collaboration among employers (associations), employees (unions) and the Petroleum Safety Authority Norway (PSA). The project was entitled RVK (a Norwegian acronym for Competence in Regulations).

The RVK project was intent upon preparing the players in the petroleum activities for the new HSE regulations coming into force in 2002, and aimed at giving individuals and enterprises a better understanding of the requirements and the importance of compliance.

Involvement by all parties and all players at all levels is considered to be a key factor for building commitment and ownership to the processes involved, and for achieving a sound HSE culture. Such involvement generally comes with competence and confidence.

The RVK courses provide a general and comprehensive introduction to the HSE regulations, how they are to be understood and applied. A basic course forms the backbone of the programme, but courses are also available with various topics, depending on subject area and target groups.
The Barents Sea Exploration Collaboration - BaSEC
Authors: Drangeid Svein Olav
Published: March 2016

On 21 April 2015 the cooperation project The Barents Sea Exploration Collaboration (BaSEC) was announced at the Barents Sea Conference and Expo. The project, which initially consisted of Eni Norge, Engie (GDF Suez), Lundin Norway, OMV and Statoil, has an initial duration of three years. From summer 2015 all operators on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) were invited to join the collaboration, resulting in an additional 11 companies joining the collaboration.

The collaboration is motivated by the goal of high and cost effective HSE standards for exploration activity in the Norwegian Barents Sea. The companies shall aim to develop solutions that can facilitate:

A joint operator approach to HSE in the Norwegian Barents Sea Appropriate level of safety and emergency preparedness (incl. oil spill response) Data sharing Cost effective solutions Standardisation

The BaSEC program aims to meet the expectations as stated by governing authorities through ensuring continued high level of HSE and operational preparedness for exploration activity in the Norwegian Barents Sea, focusing areas opened for oil and gas activity in the 23rd concession round. The following work groups have been established:

MetOcean and ice Environment and oil spill response Logistics and emergency preparedness Mobile drilling units Health and work environment
TRL (Technology Readiness Level) Assessment of DREAM (Dose-related Risk and Effects Assessment Model) to Qualify its Use for Modelling of Produced Water and Drilling Discharges
Authors: Kjeilen-Eilertsen Grethe , Merzi Thomas , Burgos Monica , Brönner Ute
Published: March 2016

Use of DREAM (Dose-related Risk and Effects Assessment Model) for modelling of discharges to the marine environment is embraced by Norwegian authorities, and it is in routine use on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS), as required by regulators. The DREAM model has been developed by SINTEF with support from industry, and covers both Produced Water and Drilling Discharges. In order to assess the maturity level and thus the acceptable perimeter of use of the DREAM model, an assessment of its Technology Readiness Level (TRL) was launched as part of the Company (TOTAL) recommended practices.

The aim of applying the TRL is to ensure a robust evaluation of the maturity of technologies and software to be used. The Company TRL procedure is adapted from the method described by NASA, and is in accordance with methods used by other petroleum companies. A TRL assessment considers the maturity of a technology based on its concept, available documentation, pilot, validation and implementation level.

Despite extensive use of the DREAM model, a technology pre-qualification (Pro-Qual) process in 2011 at TOTAL suggested the model being at a lower TRL level than anticipated, the main issue being related to validation of the model. Elements from the Pro-Qual led to launching the DREAM Charter Joint Industry Project (completed in the beginning of 2015) which assessed the uncertainties of the model, and validated its range of use. The TRL assessment was conducted after completion of the DREAM Charter project to see if the key aspects raised from the Pro-Qual process had been adequately addressed. Key aspect still is the validation of the DREAM model for Produced Water discharges, with the main concern being the lack of sufficient field data for comparison with modelled data. The drilling module of DREAM is to a large degree compared to actual field data, with four validation studies conducted (Rye et al., 2010, 2012 and 2014, Frost et al., 2014).

Additional validation requirements, addressing modelling of Produced Water discharges in particular, have been defined, and a program will be presented. The outcome of the validation campaign will strengthen the confidence in the modelling tool and confirm the reliability of the simulation results and predictions for further on-site applications.
A Holistic Approach to Corporate Health and Wellness
Authors: Tauzin ND Robin , Pachiyannakis Karim
Published: March 2016

The leading causes of death are cancer, diabetes, and heart disease which are occurring at alarming rates in the region. Our company's aim is to avoid these diseases by improving employee's health and encouraging them to practice prevention. We are achieving this goal by implementing an innovative approach to health through our flagship holistic health and wellness program, the Health Monitoring Management System (HMMS).

The HMMS is designed to assess the fitness of every employee and promote wellness and disease prevention from a holistic point of view. Every employee has access to a private consultation with a holistic doctor to evaluate their health, diet, and lifestyle. Significant emphasis is then placed on educating employees throughout their service on practicing disease prevention and leading healthy lifestyles. Education is achieved through mandatory health workshops, quarterly wellness campaigns, daily SMS, health improvement programs, and frequent health-related activities. Periodic medical evaluations are also performed on employees to follow their progress throughout their employment.

Through our HMMS program, a sample was taken of 350 current employees that have been in employment with the company since before January 1st 2010. The data shows that 13% of these employees have improved in category and made positive changes in their health. This means they have either moved from category 3 to category 2 or category 2 to category 1. The data also shows that 41 of these employees have quit smoking, 34% have reduced their weight, 35% have improved their blood sugar levels, and 57% have decreased their cholesterol levels. Since Implementation of the HMMS 15 years ago, the statistics demonstrate that our workforce is becoming healthier.

The HMMS has extended its influence beyond our companies’ employees to reach families, clients, suppliers, visitors, and the community. Some of the initiatives include "Know Your Body" training, Health Week, Healthy Lifestyle coaching, cooking healthy, understanding food labels, detox programs, and sports. Taking this holistic approach to corporate wellness is a proactive method that aids in maintaining a more productive and healthier workforce.
Implementation of the Global Oil and Gas Industry Association's Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Management Framework in an Oil and Gas Company
Authors: Lopez-Plana J. O. , Santamaria C.
Published: March 2016

The joint IPIECA (the global oil and gas industry association for environmental and social issues) and IOGP (International Association for Oil and Gas Producers) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (BES) Working Group outlined a member's only framework including six areas of practice, providing a systematic approach enabling progression in the development of BES management practices within oil and gas companies. The selection of appropriate BES key performance indicators (KPIs) to assess progress against this framework is critical. It is necessary to have both company-wide and site-specific KPIs, with a clear connection between them. It is essential to remember that what can be measured, can be improved.

Repsol has been the first oil and gas company to use this IPIECA management framework – internal member's only product. Having adapted the template, we developed a methodology for its implementation, starting with an initial assessment of each business unit and project, targeting mid-term objective and developing a work plan following the progression proposed in the framework. With the strategy defined, we developed a set of site-related and company-wide connected KPIs.

In February 2014, the Company ran an internal workshop with representatives from 11 countries and applied the methodology and we were able to define the real mid-term objective and the annual work plan. KPIs, further detailed in this paper, were reported internally.

This case study shows the implementation of best practices and how companies "walk the talk". It can also be useful for its replicability at other companies and, if applied widely, having a benchmark for BES management that currently doesn't exist.
Building a Culture of Prevention as One Team
Authors: Samah Ahmad Abu
Published: March 2016

Objectives/Scope

Building an effective team is never easy. Imagine doing it in five different places that have variety of cultures. Ichthys Project has four modular fabrication yards within Asia region that supports the construction of the LNG plant in Darwin, Australia.

Using a ‘One Team’ for ‘One Goal’ approach, by supporting respectful communications, risk management and problem solving with each other and our counterparts, we achieved relationships which are based on ‘active mutual support’.

Methods, Procedures, Process

The Senior Leadership team constantly reinvigorate the ‘Commitment to Deliver’ with actions that require mitigation measures at all sites. The cooperation of each individual to work successfully in implementing these were requested and expected to be delivered as we aim to achieve our objectives.

In nurturing and cultivating the Incident and Injury Free (IIF) philosophy, we start by ensuring our site induction, which highlights the personal experience of our IIF safety culture, is world-class in content and delivery.

Results, Observations, Conclusions

Our relentless efforts in promoting the IIF culture across the international waters had seen us record over 145 Million Man-hours without any fatality while keeping our Total Recordable Incident Rate (TRIR) at 1.04 which is well below the international average rate of 3.14.

This is achieved through our focus on key challenges that see us managing expectations. Clear communication with our clients, subcontractors and each other, have led to a better understanding in achieving our outcomes. We also continue to break down barriers where they exist, by strengthening relationships across vertical flows of people, process and knowledge.

The Environmental aspects associated with the seasonal weather that we deal with in Darwin and overseas, made it all more important for us to stay on track in keeping our people safe and working right first time.

We believe by building on our strengths and our initiatives such as Right First Time (RFT) coupled with the HSES and IIF programs keep our environment, assets and people safe; and the comprehensive training programs which we offer would create a more vigilant workforce that would instil safety as a value while applying the correct Project knowledge and skills when performing tasks.

Novel/Additive Information

Ichthys Project is ranked among the most significant oil and gas projects in the world and an example of how challenges coming from the different countries’ policies, different nationalities and cultures including coping with the harsh weathers of the five different locations could be overcome by a united will of each person involved in building a culture of prevention as One Team.
Maintaining Business Continuity During the Ebola Crisis
Authors: Stark Craig G. , Willemse Andre
Published: March 2016

Topic

Health in the Working Environment

Introduction

The Ebola outbreak spread across West Africa in early 2014 disrupting business continuity on a global scale far beyond the borders of the epidemic. Within Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea, the local healthcare infrastructure rapidly collapsed requiring significant support from external government agencies, NGOs and civilian healthcare organizations. Normal business operations ceased and many local and foreign joint ventures halted operations or went bankrupt. Over the following year, there was a significant demand for real time updates, disease information and educational materials catered to a variety of audiences, ranging from local national employees to expatriates workers and travellers. To ensure business continuity and the maintenance of normal operations, organizations had to quickly adapt their health and safety policies and implement an Emergency Ebola Response Plan.

Discussion

At the time of the outbreak, International SOS had on going medical operations in the affected countries supporting a population of over 3000 client personnel. As the situation began to deteriorate, a team of medical experts were mobilized to respond to requests coming in from over 1200 clients. Working closely with the United Nations (UN), World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), International SOS redefined its medical operations and put in place an Emergency Ebola Response Plan to provide in-country support and out-of-country medical evacuation services. Over the course of the outbreak, International SOS managed a large number of cases covering a range of scenarios to include Ebola Education and Training, Medical Staffing and Emergency Response and Medical Evacuation from Ebola affected countries.

Conclusion

The Ebola outbreak is the first viral hemorrhagic fever epidemic to spread across international borders and have a protracted global impact. The rapid response by the global health community stabilized a deteriorating situation and mitigated the spread of the disease. The dissemination of accurate information and effective lines of communication were critical in educating the population and changing behaviour. Early implementation of Ebola specific protocols were required to re-establish employee confidence and to maintain normal operations. The impact on transportation and logistics made routine cross border movements and international medical evacuation more complex. Organizations at all levels of the response had to establish robust Business Continuity Plans, implement and adapt travel policies and reinforce health and safety policies, standards, and procedures.

This paper will provide an overview of the recent Ebola outbreak and the measures required to maintain business continuity during the height of the crisis. The lessons learned from this crisis will ensure organizations are better prepared for future medical emergencies.
Environmental Performance in the E&P Industry: Data for 2013 and 2014
Authors: Campbell J. A. , Poore W. M.
Published: March 2016

The International Association of Oil & Gas Producers (IOGP) has collected environmental data from its member companies on an annual basis for the past 16 years. The programme was set up in response to the industry's wish to be more transparent about its operations and to enable IOGP member companies to compare their performance with that of other companies in the sector. The ultimate aim is to provide a representative statement on the environmental performance in the upstream oil and gas industry. This paper will discuss the analysis of submissions by participating member companies for the years 2013 and 2014.

Data were reported by participating companies in the following 6 environmental indicator categories:

gaseous emissions; energy consumption; flaring; aqueous discharges; non-aqueous drilling fluids retained on cuttings discharged to sea; and spills of oil and chemicals.

The data represent oil and gas wellhead production of 2.1 billion tonnes. Forty three companies took part in 2013 and 2014, operating in more than 80 countries worldwide, and the database now represents what is probably the most comprehensive set of reliable information on cross company performance in the industry.

Performance results are presented on a global and regional basis, onshore and offshore, and normalised to hydrocarbon production. Results are shown, for ease of comparison, alongside the previous year's published results.
Functional Status of Workers In Oil and Gas Industry In the Arctic and the Ways of Their Optimization
Authors: Korneeva Ya. A. , Simonova N. N. , Degteva G. N. , Lebedeva E. O.
Published: March 2016

The article is devoted to one of the research areas of the thematic network' members "Working in the Arctic," the University of Arctic. The study was sponsored by the Russian President's grant for state support of young Russian scientists - PhD (MK-7500.2016.6). The aim of the present research is to study the dynamics of functional states of oil and gas workers of different professional groups during shift-in period in the Arctic and the development of measures to optimize them, and developing recommendations to optimize the functional state of workers in the Far North (to increase efficiency, reduce fatigue), as a factor of security and labor protection in complex natural and industrial conditions of the Far North by improving the efficiency of PPE. The study involved 70 oil and gas workers in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug of Russian Federation (the shift-in duration was 30 days) between the ages of 24 to 60 years (mean age 38,7 ± 9,7) from March to April 2015. Research methods are questioning, a complex visual-motor reaction (CVMR), "variation cardiointervalometry" (VCM); descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance MANOVA. Treatment was carried out using the software package SPSS 22.00. Studying the functional states' dynamics of oil and gas employees during the period shift led to the conclusion that, despite the increase in the efficiency by the end of the shift period, there has been a pronounced decline in of working capacity for all employees (which is confirmed by both psychophysiological and psychological methods). The group at highest risk about level of efficiency and its reduction by the shift end include: drivers, operators of oil and gas, engineering and technical workers (due to the high intensity and complexity of the activity). For these staff' categories are necessary to provide special programs for the prevention of fatigue and increase working capacity. One of the ways to optimize of working capacity of oil and gas staff in the Arctic is the selection of the optimal special clothing and personal protective equipment.
Improving the Environmental Impact of Drilling Fluids: Case History of a New, Salt-Free, Non-Aqueous Fluid
Authors: Walker Jonathan , Miller J. J. , Burrows Kim , Hovan Jared , Mander Timothy
Published: March 2016

Disposal of drill cuttings from non-aqueous drilling fluids (NAF) can be a significant expense and logistical issue for the operator of a drilling rig. NAFs typically contain high levels of salts, commonly calcium chloride or sodium chloride, in the internal phase of the emulsion. These salts are highly beneficial for wellbore-stabilization performance, but pose issues for the disposal of drill cuttings because the salts do not biodegrade and can accumulate in high concentrations in soil.

A salt-free NAF has been developed and field validated in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin in Alberta, Canada. The system uses a biodegradable organic to provide an internal phase with equivalent water activity to traditional salt-containing systems. This results in a fluid system with the performance and benefits of a conventional NAF, while potentially allowing for greater cuttings disposal options. Depending on local regulations, the system has the potential to reduce environmental and long-term liability concerns by being able to land-farm drilled cuttings without hindering plant growth.

Three wells on a seven-well pad were drilled with the salt-free NAF; the other four were drilled with a conventional invert emulsion fluid (IEF). Cuttings from one of each type of well were collected. A bioremediation study was conducted to analyze the cuttings for electrical conductivity and plant growth. Cuttings were delivered to the lab for testing and analysis. Laboratory testing showed that when mixed with top soil, the salt-free cuttings allowed for viable plant growth; whereas, the conventional cuttings did not allow for plant growth. This paper will discuss in detail the bioremediation study of the salt-free NAF.

A salt-free NAF has been developed in the lab and successfully validated in the field. Cuttings from the salt-free system showed superior plant growth when compared to conventional, salt-containing systems. This system is expected to offer expanded options for cuttings disposal and, ultimately, reduce the cost and liability associated with using NAFs in many areas.