bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Iron Based Arc Spraying Cored Wire with TiC Ceramic Powders
Authors: He D.-Y. , Zhang F.-Y. , Jiang J.-M. , Fu B.-Y. , Li X.-Y.
Published: September 2022

Iron base composite coatings were deposited on mild steel substrates by arc spraying and cored wire with TiC ceramic powders. The abrasive wear resistance properties were examined on the MLS-225 wet sand/rubber wheel tester. The microstructure, phase compositions and worn surface morphologies of the coatings were observed by means of optical, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that composite coatings with TiC ceramic hard phases were reinforced by the TiC hard particles distributed in the iron-based coating. The average micro hardness of the coatings is about 1137 HV0.1. The coatings have the excellent abrasive wear resistance which is 6 times higher than that of the Q235 mild steel. Wear mechanisms of coatings was mainly micro-ploughing and brittle fracture.
Characterization of ZrO2-based Coatings by Low Pressure Plasma Spraying Under Different Pressures
Authors: Ye Y. , Liu M. , Zhou K.-S. , Yi D.-Q. , Kuang Z.-Q. , Deng C.-G.
Published: September 2022

Low pressure plasma spray (LPPS) technology has exhibited its advantage in deposition of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coating. The YSZ coatings deposited under different chamber pressures were characterized by XRD and SEM in this paper. Preliminary results showed that as-sprayed coatings contained partially-melted zone, and increased chamber pressure was beneficial to the melting of particle. It was revealed that as-sprayed coatings were mainly composed of metastable tetragonal phase except for minor content of cubic phase analyzed by XRD. Compared to air plasma spray (APS) coating, the microhardness and toughness of well-flatten LPPS coating are respectively high and excellent.
СКАРБ ДРІБНИХ МОНЕТ ПАНТІКАПЕЮ ТА ГЕРМОНАССИ КІНЦЯ VI – ПОЧАТКУ V СТ. ДО РХ З ПІВНІЧНО-СХІДНОЇ КІРОВОГРАДЩИНИ
Authors: Орлик Василь
Published: September 2022

АНОТАЦІЯ
Контакти населення скіфської доби, як осілого, так і кочового, із греками Північного Причорномор’я залишили корпус різноманітних знахідок, у тому числі й античних монет. Серед корпусу знахідок давньогрецьких монет на території Північно-Східної Кіровоградщини – межі Лісостепу та Степу, особливе місце належить раннім монетам давньогрецьких полісів Керченської протоки.
Комплекс дрібних монет Пантікапею та Гермонаси кінця VІ – початку V ст. до РХ, як і цілий корпус інших знахідок давньогрецьких монет, свідчать про економічні, зокрема торгові зв’язки населення Степової та Лісостепової зони скіфської доби з античним світом. Знахідка скарбу дрібних срібних монет Пантікапею та Гермонаси на межі Лісостепової зони поряд із іншими відомими одиничними знахідками монет Боспору в цьому регіоні вказують на використання цих дрібних срібних монет у торгівельних операціях представниками грецьких апойкій Північного Причорномор’я із населенням навколишніх територій у період скіфської доби.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ МІГРАЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ В СРСР У ДРУГІЙ ПОЛОВИНІ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ
Authors: Шихов Петро
Published: September 2022

У статті зроблено спробу узагальнити теоретичні основи досліджень міграційних процесів у розвідках радянських дослідників другої половини ХХ ст.
Визначено, що поняття «міграція населення» має багато визначень. З’ясовано, що причиною різноманітності трактувань даного терміну є наукова спеціалізація конкретного дослідника, адже дослідженням міграції населення займалися фахівці з різних наук. Встановлено, що напрацювання за даного напрямку проводили дослідники з таких наук, як географія, економіка, соціологія, демографія.
З’ясовано, що розвідки зазначеного періоду умовно поділяються на три періоди. Перший період – це період відновлення, коли після сталінських часів було знято заборону на дослідження, і характеризується початком формування теоретичної бази за допомогою набутого досвіду у 1920-1930-х рр. Другий період (1960-1970-ті рр.) стосується емпіричних методів шляхом спостережень, щоб на основі отриманих даних покращити теоретичну основу майбутніх досліджень. Третій період (1970-1990-ті рр.) – час формування окремої науки «міграціології» та узагальнення в ній усього набутого практичного досвіду.
Виокремлено, що період відновлення досліджень з області міграції припадає на кінець 1950-х рр. Початок поновлення вивчення міграційних процесів відбувається у Сибірському відділенні АН СРСР. Визначено чому саме Сибір став базою для практичних розвідок в області міграції.
Зазначено низку науковців, які займалися формуванням теоретичної, а згодом і практичної бази досліджень. Описано сферу їх інтересів у цій царині. Визначено вклад, який зробили науковці задля формування єдиного теоретичного апарату, що потім трансформувався у окрему науку. З’ясовано, що вчені у своїх розвідках спираються лише на радянський досвід і формування теоретичної основи досліджень відбувається в ізоляції від міжнародного досвіду з даної галузі. Зауважено і про математичні спроби опису міграційних процесів на основі статистичних даних. Визначено мету досліджень з даної проблеми, адже вивчення міграції дозволяло ефективніше розробляти державну політику міграції населення, а також покращити промислову та містобудівну політику.
ДОКУМЕНТАЛЬНІ АРХІВНІ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІ СИСТЕМИ З ПРОБЛЕМ МАТЕРІАЛЬНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НАСЕЛЕННЯ КИЇВЩИНИ В ХІХ – НА ПОЧАТКУ ХХ СТ. В СУЧАСНОМУ ІНТЕРНЕТ-ПРОСТОРІ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Павленко Вікторія
Published: September 2022

Процес введення документів НАФ України до наукового обігу (доступу), як відомо, має дві складові: фізичний доступ до первинних документів та доступ до інформації про первинний документ та його зміст. Останнє передбачає отримання необхідної довідкової інформації через документи вторинного рівня. Документальні архівні інформаційні системи мають забезпечувати інтелектуальний доступ до інформації, тобто реалізовувати другу складову доступу до первинної інформації.
У сучасних умовах розвитку цифрових технологій цифровізація всіх процесів архівної справи та діловодства є першочерговим пріоритетом роботи Державної архівної служби України. Сучасні дослідження проблем документальних архівних інформаційних систем тісно пов’язані з розвитком вивчення «інформаційного суспільства», зокрема «мережевого».
Проведений нами аналіз інформативності передачі вторинної інформації НАФ України з проблем історії повсякденності мешканців Київщини в ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. електронними засобами та її доступності на офіційних сайтах трьох державних архівних установах: Центрального державного історичного архіву України в м. Києві, Державного архіву Київської області та Державного архіву міста Києва засвідчив, що сайти указаних архівних установ дають дослідникам доступну і досить повну вторинну інформацію з досліджуваної нами проблеми. У той же час, нині первинні документи НАФ України, на жаль, ще не представлені електронними засобами і з ними необхідно працювати безпосередньо в самій архівній установі.
A new subgenus of Leptoteratura for a new species from Sumatra (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae)
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: September 2022

A new subgenus Exoteratura with a single, new species is described from Sumatra.
Justification of the stress-strain state’s parameters of the mine workings contours depending on the influencing factors
Authors:   Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, Demin V.F. , Zhurov V.V. ,   Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University
Published: September 2022

The complication of mining and geological conditions is associated with the involvement in the development of areas and entire deposits with complex tectonics, an increase in the depth of development, the manifestation of dangerous dynamic effects of rock pressure, which necessitates the improvement of methods, systems, methods and means of supporting mine workings, as well as improving the quality of materials used for support. Mining and geological factors affecting the use of mining support include: the depth of occurrence, which determines the magnitude of the vertical and horizontal components of the rock pressure; layer thickness, developed deposit; bed angle; properties of the host rocks, structure and physical and mechanical properties of rocks and minerals. The paper presents the conduction of the analytical modelling of the rock mass stress-strain state around the active mine workings using the ANSYS software with the assessment of the influence of its cross-section shape and the angle of the coal seam fall on the value of the maximum stresses arising in the rock mass when the workings are supported with the anchoring support depending on the thickness of the easily collapsible rock layer at different lengths of anchoring.
Determinantes sociales de la salud: una visión general en México y Chiapas
Authors:   Facultad de Medicina Humana ", Martínez Pérez Gabriela Betsabé ,   Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez",   , Campus II, UNACH
Published: September 2022

Introducción: La salud no es solamente consecuencia de factores biológicos, sino que implica factores ambientales, estilos de vida, conductas del individuo y por supuesto factores socioeconómicos. El objetivo es comprender como los determinantes sociales afectan la salud de las personas, y eso, de alguna forma tiene impacto en la sociedad. Metodología: Revisión del tema mediante la búsqueda de artículos en el buscador Google académico y la base de datos Scielo, se utilizaron como términos de búsqueda; determinantes sociales de la salud, políticas públicas sobre DSS, Latinoamérica, México, Chiapas. Cada referencia se valoró a partir de su resumen y cada informe o libro a partir de su índice. Fueron utilizadas un total de veinticinco referencias bibliográficas. Desarrollo: Los determinantes sociales de la salud abarcan factores ambientales, biológicos, conductuales, sociales, económicos, laborales culturales y sanitarios. En México, a pesar de los avances sigue habiendo grandes diferencias en materia de salud entre regiones, etnias, y grupos socioeconómicos, las cuales se vuelves desigualdades e inequidades en salud. México es un país en desarrollo, además de ello, posee estados con niveles de pobreza extrema como Chiapas, lo cual acentúa el problema de salud pública. Conclusión: La mala salud de los pobres y desfavorecidos no constituye un fenómeno natural. Es importante reconocer la magnitud de las consecuencias del problema para actúa sobre él. Palabras clave: Determinantes sociales de la salud; México; Chiapas.
Prevalencia del consumo de analgésicos en estudiantes de medicina durante las clases virtuales enero – junio 2022
Authors:   Facultad de Medicina Humana ", Teco-Roblero Aritza G. ,   Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez",   , Campus II, UNACH, Vázquez-Toledo Ana G. ,   Facultad de Medicina Humana "Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez", Campus II, UNACH, Yee-Cruz Sabine ,   Facultad de Medicina Humana "Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez", Campus II, UNACH, Zenteno-Díaz Celeste M. ,   Facultad de Medicina Humana "Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez", Campus II, UNACH, Gutiérrez-Sarmiento Wilbert ,   Facultad de Medicina Humana "Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez", Campus II, UNACH
Published: September 2022

Introducción: El sector educativo y académico ha sido ampliamente afectado por la pandemia del Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Los estudiantes universitarios obligados a una transición educativa con sedentarismo excesivo frente a una computadora experimentan dolores musculares. Objetivo: Conocer las regiones de dolor más comunes y el consumo de analgésicos en estudiantes de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Autónoma del estado de Chiapas, debido a la excesiva sedestación durante las clases virtuales, trabajos y horas de estudio. Metodología: Esta investigación es cuantitativa con diseño epidemiológico transversal descriptivo. Se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado en línea durante el periodo de marzo – abril de 2022 utilizando la plataforma Google Forms®. Resultados y discusión: La mayoría de los participantes se encuentran entre 18 y 21 años. El 56.45 % es femenino y el 43.54 % masculino. El 90.6 % de todos los participantes experimentó problemas de dolores musculares durante el periodo de clases virtuales. El cuello y la región lumbar son las regiones más afectadas. El 43.5 % aseguró haber utilizado analgésicos para aliviar el dolor. Conclusiones: El consumo de analgésicos se incrementó debido a la sedestación frente a una computadora durante la contingencia por Covid-19. Esto podría tener un efecto negativo en el futuro por el consumo frecuente de fármacos para aliviar dolores musculares. Esta información podría apoyar al conocimiento de los efectos colaterales del confinamiento excesivo tanto en estudiantes, profesores y trabajadores de otros sectores que desarrollan el ‘home office’. Palabras clave: Analgésicos; clases virtuales; COVID-19; estudiantes de medicina; UNACH, dolor muscular.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Dersine Yönelik Tutumları İle Beden Eğitimi Dersindeki Mutluluk Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: USLU Enis , ÖZLÜ Kurtuluş
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışma ortaokul öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi ve spor dersine yönelik tutumları ile beden eğitimi dersindeki mutluluk düzeylerinin bazı değişkenlere göre incelenmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır. Nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modelinin uygulandığı bu çalışmanın evrenini 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında Samsun ili Vezirköprü ilçesinde öğrenimlerine devam eden ortaokul öğrencileri oluştururken, örneklemini ise basit rastgele örneklem belirleme yöntemi ile oluşturulan 317’si kadın, 285’i erkek olmak üzere toplamda 602 ortaokul öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak Kalemoğlu Varol, Ünlü ve Erbaş (2016) tarafından Türkçe uyarlaması yapılan “İlköğretim Beden Eğitimi Dersi Tutum Ölçeği” (İBEDTÖ) ile Uğraş ve Serbes (2019) tarafından geliştirilen “Beden Eğitimi Dersi Mutluluk Düzeyi Ölçeği” (BEDMDÖ) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin istatiksel analizi için SPSS-24 veri analiz programı kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde bağımsız gruplar için T-Testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (One-Way ANOVA) ve Pearson korelasyon testleri kullanılmıştır. Anlamlılık düzeyinin 0,05 olarak kabul edildiği çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre ortaokul öğrencilerinin İlköğretim Beden Eğitimi Dersi Tutum Ölçeği (İBEDTÖ) ve Beden Eğitimi Dersi Mutluluk Düzeyi Ölçeği (BEDMDÖ) tüm alt boyutlarında cinsiyet, düzenli spor yapma, lisanslı sporcu olma, okul dışı egzersiz yapma ve aile bireylerinin sportif etkinliklere katılmayı desteklemesi değişkenlerine göre anlamlılık tespit edilmiş olsa da yaş değişkeninde anlamlılık tespit edilememiştir. Öğrencilerin aile gelir düzeyi arttıkça, okul takımlarında yer aldıkça, aile içinde düzenli egzersiz yapan bireyler oldukça ve öğrenciler okul dışı egzersiz yapma alışkanlıkları edindikçe beden eğitimi ve spor dersine olan tutumları ve mutluluk düzeylerinin arttırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
THE CHINESE BUSINESS PRESENCE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA: THE BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   IMEMO RAS, Moscow, Russia, KANAEV Evgeny A.
Published: September 2022

The implementation of China’s mega-strategy the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in Southeast Asia is premised on a solid economic foundation, part of which is the activity of entrepreneurs of the Chinese origin in those countries. Although extant studies offer explanations of the BRI implementation in Southeast Asia, as well as of the performance of ethnic Chinese entrepreneurs in those countries, they have fallen short of developing an integrated research approach to the role of ethnic Chinese businessmen in making the foundations of the BRI in Southeast Asia long-term and sustainable. The article analyses the place of Southeast Asia in the PRC’s BRI priorities, substantiated by Beijing’s support for entrepreneurial associations embracing business persons of the Chinese origin in Southeast Asian states, as well as main features of Chinese companies in those countries and Chinese practices of making and maintaining commercial contacts. In the author’s view, although the BRI expansion in Southeast Asia has become self-maintaining and self-reproducing, in the years to come, the PRC’s commercial practices will have to be partially adopted to expectations of Southeast Asian business community, mostly, ethnic Chinese entrepreneurs.
PLACE OF INDOCHINA COUNTRIES IN CHINA'S BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE
Authors:   RUDN University, Moscow, Russia, SHPAKOVSKAYA Marina A. , LEVCHENKO Maria N. ,   RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2022

The successful implementation of the policy of reform and openness in China, which was initiated by Deng Xiaoping and his like-minded people at the end of 1988, made it possible to create their own model of economic development. With the coming to power of the new government of China, led by Xi Jinping, the implementation of the project "Economic Belt of the Silk Road", "Maritime Silk Road of the 21st century" began, which gave impetus to the development of other programs. Thus, a global geopolitical strategy was formed, adopted by the Chinese government in 2013 for investment in almost 70 countries and international organizations.
MAIN TRENDS IN MODERN SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF JAKARTA SPECIAL CAPITAL REGION (Part 1.)
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), POPOV Aleksandr V.
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the problems of the current socio-economic situation in Jakarta, the capital of the Republic of Indonesia. The author analyses the structure of its population and economy concerning the correspondent indexes in the cities constituting The Special Capital Area Jakarta that are: The South Jakarta, The North Jakarta, The East Jakarta, The West Jakarta, The Central Jakarta and the region Archipelago of 1000 Islands. The author pays special attention to the systems of education and health care of Jakarta, to the problems of welfare and poverty of its citizens, to the ecological problems including utilization of waste and to the structure of its economy. The development of transport, communication and housing construction is also of high priority of the author’s analysis.
THE PHILIPPINES IS A STRONGHOLD OF CATHOLICISM IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors:   Ministry of Internal Policy and Mass Communications  of Kaluga region, Kaluga, Russia, MIAZIN Nikolai A.
Published: September 2022

The article examines why the Philippines has remained a Catholic country despite half a century of existence under American administration. The leadership of the Catholic Church in the Philippines maintains unity in diversity, and a Charismatic movement has been integrated into the church. The church leadership has been active in supporting the most vulnerable and preserving the democratic order of society. Under these conditions Protestantism was not widespread, being practiced by about eight percent of the population in the last decade, the growth of Protestants has stopped. It is likely that the Catholic Church will be able to maintain its influence in the Philippines in the future.
INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN COOPERATION: DIRECTIONS, PROBLEMS, PROSPECTS, IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC – 2022
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), ASTAFIEVA Ekaterina M.
Published: September 2022

The article provides an overview of the All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation "International Humanitarian Cooperation: Directions, Problems, Prospects, Impact of the Pandemic", organized by the Center for Southeast Asia, Australia and Oceania Studies of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow) and the Scientific Group "Humanitarian cooperation between Russia and countries of post-Soviet Central Asia: institutions, content, assessment of social efficiency” Ural Federal University (Ekaterinburg). The conference was held on March 24, 2022 at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences in a hybrid format with the majority of speakers remotely connected via video link.
Divulging on Autopsy and the External Post-Mortem Examination of a Dead Body for Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Lohani Atika , Bajwa Shahid Zafar , Abbas Aamir
Published: September 2022

For criminal proceedings, the post-mortem examination of a dead body is composed of two stages.PME encompasses the apparent condition of the dead body in reference to the surrounding of the crime scene and the effects of the environment. The autopsy consists of the examination of the body in the autopsy room for detailed examination. Apart from these two categories, PME can also be divided according to the purpose and approval of authority for conducting the examination including; for the training of the medical students,organ donation, and identification of an unknown dead body where no crime is involved, or where the crime occurred it determines the cause of death or traces any sign of the criminal. The purpose of both examinations is to find the cause of death and trace the perpetrator of the crime, if possible under the given circumstances of dead body, and to prosecute the offender and exonerate the innocents.
An Appraisal of Punjab Forensic Science Agency Act 2007 in the Context of the Criminal Justice System in Pakistan
Authors: Zahra Saman , Lohani Atika
Published: September 2022

Modern technologies have revolutionized the spectrum of commission of the crime, and in that respect; it is significant that the prevention of crime and its strategies should be evolved to keep at the pace with the scientific revolution. The impact of forensic evidence on the criminal justice system is undeniably crucial due to advancements in science and technology. The investigation, forensic analysis and role of such evidence in the trial of the civil or criminal matters are notably lacking academic attempt to find a practical coherence and correlation among these three aspects encircling victim and accused. This paper briefly discusses the role of Forensic Science in criminal justice and its impact in the criminal justice system of Pakistan. This paper engages in the analysis of Forensic Science Agency Act 2007 with an aim to highlight the shortcomings in this law to improve it further.
Corporate Social Responsibility: A Commercial Law Perspective
Authors: Ali Naheeda , Khan Kanwal Iqbal
Published: September 2022

The disparity between the affluent and the poor in Pakistani society has widened. Although the state's "invisible hand" control is the cause of sustainability, there are numerous places where it may be improved. This study investigates the tight relationship between Commercial laws, social responsibility, and systematic development of corporate social responsibility (CSR) from a commercial law viewpoint. It also examines a correlation between CSR and Corporate Governance about Corporate Financial Performance, as well as the impacts of corporate strategies, Board resolutions, and decisions on corporate performance through various aspects of the 4Ps (People, Purpose, Process, and Performances). The study concludes that we can only get better results by combining all with the law, mainly through CSR activities. This research aims to enhance Pakistan's long-term commercial and social growth.
Sociodemographics of Formal and Informal Sector Women Workers of Pakistan and a Comparison of their Perceived and Practiced Autonomy
Authors: Maryam Amna , Jafree Sara Rizvi
Published: September 2022

The majority of Pakistani women are employed in the informal sector of the economy, devoid of protection, safety, and employment benefits, which prevents them from having autonomy. In this study, we aimed to identify (i) the differences in socio-demographic characteristics of formal versus informal sector women workers and (ii) compare the perceived and practised autonomy between the two groups. We used a convenience sample of 150 women, half each from the informal and formal sectors of the economy, specifically the teaching sector. We were able to find through mean analysis that women from the informal sector have higher autonomy. We also found that informal sector women workers in the country are impoverished, illiterate, non-Muslims, living in underdeveloped areas, and have no property ownership. There is a critical need to support policy for transfer to formal sector employment and to develop interventions to improve autonomy in working women.
In-Situ Inspection for Robotic Polishing of Complex Optics
Authors: Zhang Xiangchao , Wang Wei , Chen Yunuo , Xu Min
Published: September 2022

Abstract: With rapid development of modern optical manufacturing technologies, industrial robot polishing has a wide range of application scenarios and broad development potential in the field of optical manufacturing. The integration of in-situ inspection is a key to improving the reliability and efficiency of precision manufacturing. Deflectometry is a promising in-situ measuring method due to its large dynamic range and structural flexibility. The measurement principles, calibration methods, phase retrieval, surface reconstruction, scope extension etc are presented systematically. The key problems of height-slope ambiguity and position-angle uncertainty are analyzed in details. High-precision measurement of complex optical elements is realized, which is of great significance to the intelligent manufacturing of key optical components.
Immunologic aspects of tumor biology
Authors: Volkov N.M.
Published: September 2022

This paper represents the review of current perceptions on the biologic mechanisms of tumor development in the context of interplay with host immune system. Various immune factors which impact carcinogenic process in either anti-oncogenic or prooncogenic way are discussed. Also the evolution of the perceptions on the interactions between tumors and immune system from the immune surveillance to immunoediting theory and their principles is described. Additionally insight into phenotypic features of cancers, which determine the choice of various potential immunotherapeutic approaches for tumor treatment is provided.
Biomarkers predicting the effect of immunotherapy: what you need to know in practice?
Authors: Konstantinova A.M.
Published: September 2022

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICT) therapy is a successful immunotherapy strategy that is quite effective in a 20–40% of patients with solid tumors. Nevertheless, there is a large group of patients, the proportion of which do not have a clinical response to such therapy and demonstrate adverse event. This explains the importance of personification of immunotherapy and the search for predictive markers. The article is devoted to the review of clinically significant biomarkers of the effectiveness of immunotherapy, such as PD-L1 expression in tumor tissue, microsatellite instability, tumor mutation burden and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.
The emerging field of checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Chubenko V.A.
Published: September 2022

Immunotherapy as a new method allows effective control of the tumor growth. At the same time, the continuous treatment and the novel mechanism of action leads to the possible appearance of the specific immune-mediated adverse events, some of which can be fatal. Functional tests, analysis of the risk factors for the development of the complications, the search for the predictive markers will improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy. The perspective is the development of the prophylaxis based on in-depth understanding of the immune tolerance disorders
Possibilities of intraluminal photodynamic therapy in oncology (review)
Authors: Akkalaeva A.E. , Klimenko V.V. , Avanesyan A.A. , Egorenkov V.V. , Bogdanov A.A. , Moiseyenko V.M.
Published: September 2022

High incidence of inoperable tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory system are required the palliative methods to restore the patency of these organs. There is also a need in case of endoscopic treatment for the I stage tumors is not possible. Photodynamic therapy is a promising method for the treatment of esophageal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer; however, despite this fact, it is still not widely used worldwide. In this article based on the literature data we review the effectiveness, safety and possibility of using endoscopic photodynamic therapy as an complementary or primary therapy for early and inoperable tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory system.
MULTIFACTORIAL ANALYSIS OF THE DEPENDENCE OF PRESCRIBED DIAGNOSTIC TEST SYSTEMS AND PURCHASED TARGETED DRUGS ON THE EXAMPLE OF LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA IN ST. P
Authors: Zelikova D.D. , Erdni-Garyaev S.E. , Leshkevich A.A. , Golant Z.M. , Chagin D.A. , Volkov N.M. , Moiseenko F.V. , Moiseenko V.M.
Published: September 2022

Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that the currently existing system of drug provision for oncological patients requires the creation of unified mechanisms that allow for the reasonable purchase of targeted drugs by increasing molecular genetic testing in medical institutions, as well as rational use of state budget funds. As part of the state registration procedure and on the basis of clinical and economic analysis, it is necessary to determine the types of necessary new medical technologies, providing appropriate amounts in the budgets of the program of state guarantees and preferential drug provision for the population, with justification for calculating tariffs.
Investigation and prediction of the extensional viscosity of okra mucilage using the Giesekus model
Authors: Minh Nguyen Ngoc
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:

Okra is a vegetable that is widely grown around the world. Okra mucilage contains a high mucus concentration that can be useful for supporting the swallowing process. Although the extensional rheology of okra mucilage is essential to its flow, its extensional viscosity has not received much attention.

OBJECTIVE:

Using a filament stretching rheometer, the extensional viscosity of the mucilage in okra was examined. The Giesekus model was used to predict this parameter.

METHODS:

The okra mucilage with different concentrations was extracted from fresh okra. The extensional viscosity was measured using a filament breakup apparatus. The diameter of the liquid bridge was measured by a laser micrometer and it was also observed by a high-speed camera. A rotational rheometer was used to measure the shear viscosity. In addition, the master curves for the shear viscosity were plotted to eliminate the influence of solvent and shear rate and evaluate the influence of concentration on the elasticity of okra mucilage. The okra mucilage shear and extensional viscosity were predicted using the Giesekus model.

RESULTS:

Every sample of okra mucilage exhibited shear thinning behavior. In addition to having a high extensional viscosity that is hundreds of times higher than its shear viscosity, okra mucilage also exhibited stretching phenomena. The master curves demonstrated that the pseudoplasticity of the okra mucilage increased along with the concentration. The rheological behavior of the mucilage in okra can be explained by the Giesekus model.

CONCLUSIONS:

Okra mucilage’s shear viscosity exhibited shear thinning behavior and a strong extensional viscosity that was significantly higher than its shear viscosity. The shear and extensional viscosity of okra mucilage can be described and predicted using the Giesekus model.
An approach for unsupervised contextual anomaly detection and characterization
Authors: Boukela Lynda , Zhang Gongxuan , Yacoub Meziane , Bouzefrane Samia , Baba Ahmadi Sajjad Bagheri
Published: September 2022

Outlier detection has been widely explored and applied to different real-world problems. However, outlier characterization that consists in finding and understanding the outlying aspects of the anomalous observations is still challenging. In this paper, we present a new approach to simultaneously detect subspace outliers and characterize them. We introduce the Dimension-wise Local Outlier Factor (DLOF) function to quantify the degree of outlierness of the data points in each feature dimension. The obtained DLOFs are used in an outlier ensemble so as to detect and rank the anomalous points. Subsequently, the same DLOFs are analyzed in order to characterize the detected outliers with their relevant subspace and their same-type anomalies. Experiments on various datasets show the efficacy of our method. Indeed, we demonstrate through an experimental evaluation that the proposed approach is competitive compared to the existing solutions in terms of both detection and characterization accuracy.
Robust intuitionistic fuzzy clustering with bias field estimation for noisy image segmentation
Authors: Zhao Feng , Hao Hao , Liu Hanqiang
Published: September 2022

The concept of intuitionistic fuzzy set has been found to be highly useful to handle vagueness in data. Based on intuitionistic fuzzy set theory, intuitionistic fuzzy clustering algorithms are proposed and play an important role in image segmentation. However, due to the influence of initialization and the presence of noise in the image, intuitionistic fuzzy clustering algorithm cannot acquire the satisfying performance when applied to segment images corrupted by noise. In order to solve above problems, a robust intuitionistic fuzzy clustering with bias field estimation (RIFCB) is proposed for noisy image segmentation in this paper. Firstly, a noise robust intuitionistic fuzzy set is constructed to represent the image by using the neighboring information of pixels. Then, initial cluster centers in RIFCB are adaptively determined by utilizing the frequency statistics of gray level in the image. In addition, in order to offset the information loss of the image when constructing the intuitionistic fuzzy set of the image, a new objective function incorporating a bias field is designed in RIFCB. Based on the new initialization strategy, the intuitionistic fuzzy set representation, and the incorporation of bias field, the proposed method preserves the image details and is insensitive to noise. Experimental results on some Berkeley images show that the proposed method achieves satisfactory segmentation results on images corrupted by different kinds of noise in contrast to conventional fuzzy clustering algorithms.
Influence maximization based on network representation learning in social network
Authors: Wang Zhibin , Chen Xiaoliang , Li Xianyong , Du Yajun , Lan Xiang
Published: September 2022

Influence Maximization (IM), an NP-hard central issue for social network research, aims to recognize the influential nodes in a network so that the message can spread faster and more effectively. A large number of existing studies mainly focus on the heuristic methods, which generally lead to sub-optimal solutions and suffer time-consuming and inapplicability for large-scale networks. Furthermore, the present community-aware random walk to analyze IM using network representation learning considers only the node’s influence or network community structures. No research has been found that surveyed both of them. Hence, the present study is designed to solve the IM problem by introducing a novel influence network embedding (NINE) approach and a novel influence maximization algorithm, namely NineIM, based on network representation learning. First, a mechanism that can capture the diffusion behavior proximity between network nodes is constructed. Second, we consider a more realistic social behavior assumption. The probability of information dissemination between network nodes (users) is different from other random walk based network representation learning. Third, the node influence is used to define the rules of random walk and then get the embedding representation of a social network. Experiments on four real-world networks indicate that our proposed NINE method outperforms four state-of-the-art network embedding baselines. Finally, the superiority of the proposed NineIM algorithm is reported by comparing four traditional IM algorithms. The code is available at https://github.com/baiyazi/NineIM.
Incorporating Mitochondrial Gene Expression Changes Within a Testable Mathematical Model for Alzheimer’s Disease: Stress Response Modulation Predicts Potential Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Shelton Morgan G. , Kerns Kimberly A. , Castora Frank J. , Coleman Randolph A.
Published: September 2022

Background: Alzheimer’s disease is a specific form of dementia characterized by the aggregation of amyloid-β plaques and tau tangles. New research has found that the formation of these aggregates occurs after dysregulation of cellular respiration and the production of radical oxygen species. Proteomic data shows that these changes are also related to unique gene expression patterns. Objective: This study is designed to incorporate both proteomic and gene expression data into a testable mathematical model for AD. Manipulation of this new model allows the identification of potential therapeutic targets for AD. Methods: We investigate the impact of these findings on new therapeutic targets via metabolic flux analysis of sirtuin stress response pathways while also highlighting the importance of metabolic enzyme activity in maintaining proper respiratory activity. Results: Our results indicate that protective changes in SIRT1 and AMPK expression are potential avenues for therapeutics. Conclusion: Combining our mitochondrial gene expression analyses with available protein data allowed the construction of a new mathematical model for AD that provides a useful approach to test the efficacy of potential AD therapeutic targets.
Macular Microvascular Density as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Wang Xin , Wang Yaqin , Liu Hui , Zhu Xiangyu , Hao Xiaoli , Zhu Yuan , Xu Bei , Zhang Sizhe , Jia Xiaoliang , Weng Ling , Liao Xinxin , Zhou Yafang , Tang Beisha , Zhao Rongchang , Jiao Bin , Shen Lu
Published: September 2022

Background: Some previous studies showed abnormal pathological and vascular changes in the retina of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, whether retinal microvascular density is a diagnostic indicator for AD remains unclear. Objective: This study evaluated the macular vessel density (m-VD) in the superficial capillary plexus and fovea avascular zone (FAZ) area in AD, explored their correlations with clinical parameters, and finally confirmed an optimal machine learning model for AD diagnosis. Methods: 77 patients with AD and 145 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. The m-VD and the FAZ area were measured using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in all participants. Additionally, AD underwent neuropsychological assessment, brain magnetic resonance imaging scan, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker detection, and APOE ɛ4 genotyping. Finally, the performance of machine learning algorithms based on the OCTA measurements was evaluated by Python programming language. Results: The m-VD was noticeably decreased in AD compared with HCs. Moreover, m-VD in the fovea, superior inner, inferior inner, nasal inner subfields, and the whole inner ring declined significantly in mild AD, while it was more serious in moderate/severe AD. However, no significant difference in the FAZ was noted between AD and HCs. Furthermore, we found that m-VD exhibited a significant correlation with cognitive function, medial temporal atrophy and Fazekas scores, and APOE ɛ4 genotypes. No significant correlations were observed between m-VD and CSF biomarkers. Furthermore, results revealed the Adaptive boosting algorithm exhibited the best diagnostic performance for AD. Conclusion: Macular vascular density could serve as a diagnostic biomarker for AD.
Cerebral Blood Flow Alterations and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Qiao Yu-Shun , Tang Xingyao , Chai Yin-He , Gong Hong-Jian , Xu Hui , Patel Ikramulhaq , Li Li , Lu Tong , Zhao Wan-Ying , Li Ze-Yu , Cardoso Marly Augusto , Zhou Jian-Bo
Published: September 2022

Background: Reduction in cerebral blood flow (CBF) plays an essential role in the cognitive impairment and dementia in obesity. However, current conclusions regarding CBF changes in patients with obesity are inconsistent. Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between obesity and CBF alterations. Methods: We systematically screened published cross-sectional and longitudinal studies focusing on the differences in CBF between obese and normal-weight individuals. Eighteen studies including 24,866 participants, of which seven articles reported longitudinal results, were evaluated in the present study. Results: The results of the meta-analysis showed that in cross-sectional studies, body mass index (BMI) was negatively associated with CBF (β= –0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.44, –0.19). Moreover, this systematic review demonstrated that obese individuals showed global and regional reductions in the CBF and increased CBF in diverse functional areas of the frontal lobe, including the prefrontal cortex, left frontal superior orbital, right frontal mid-orbital cortex, and left premotor superior frontal gyrus. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that BMI, rather than waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio, is inversely associated with CBF in cross-sectional studies. The CBF of obese individuals showed global and regional reductions, including the frontal lobe, temporal and parietal lobes, cerebellum, hippocampus, and thalamus.
Validation of the Adapted German Versions of the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool 2, the Dementia Attitude Scale, and the Confidence in Dementia Scale for the General Population
Authors: Teichmann Birgit , Melchior Florian , Kruse Andreas
Published: September 2022

Background: There are almost no validated tools in German that assess dementia knowledge, attitude toward dementia, and confidence in the general population. Objective: Translation and validation of the German version of the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool 2 (DKAT2), the Dementia Attitude Scale (DAS), and the Confidence in Dementia Scale (CODE). Methods: Instruments were translated into German and adapted for the general public. A convenience sample of 263 persons was recruited via an online platform. Validation of the tools’ psychometric properties consisted of an assessment of its reliability (internal consistency and 4-week test-retest reliability of a subgroup with n = 110), an analysis of its construct validity through principal component analysis and known-group analysis, convergent validity, and an item analysis for DKAT2-D. This study used the STROBE checklist for reporting. Results: Acceptable to excellent internal reliability was found for DAS-D (α= 0.90), DKAT2-D (α= 0.78), and CODE-D (α= 0.93). The principal component analysis confirmed the two-factor model for the DAS-D as well as the one-factor solution for CODE-D. The intra-class correlation coefficient between the first and the 4-week retest was good (CODE-D: 0.897; 0.849–0.929) to excellent (DKAT2-D: 0.918; 0.879–0.945 and DAS-D: 0.940; 0.910–0.960). Known-group analysis revealed that DAS-D, DKAT-D, and CODE-D could distinguish between individuals with or without experience with people with dementia and with or without participation in a dementia course. Conclusion: The German versions DAS-D, DKAT2-D, and CODE-D are reliable and valid tools to measure knowledge, attitude, and confidence in dementia in the German-speaking general population.
Insulin-Related Biomarkers in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review1
Authors: Sagües-Sesé Elena , Rioja José , Garzón-Maldonado Francisco J. , Narváez Manuel , García-Arnés Juan A. , García-Casares Natalia
Published: September 2022

Background: Glucose metabolism and insulin signaling alterations play an important role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Researchers have extensively attempted to characterize the exact pathophysiological mechanisms in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as evidence concerning this fluid biomarkers is expected to enhance AD diagnosis’ specificity and accuracy and serve as an early disease detection tool. There is controversy about insulin levels in the CSF relationship with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. Objective: This systematic review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art knowledge about insulin-related CSF biomarkers in AD and MCI. Methods: We performed a qualitative systematic literature review of reported data of CSF glucose, insulin, or insulin-related molecules in humans with AD or MCI, consulting the electronic databases Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and BASE until May 2022. Results: We selected 19 studies, 10 of them reporting data on CSF insulin and 8 on insulin-related molecules like growth factors or their binding proteins. They predominantly found decreased levels of CSF insulin and increased levels of CSF insulin-related growth factors and their binding proteins. Conclusion: Due to the studies’ protocols and results heterogeneity, we recommend a larger database of clinical trials with similar characteristics for a better understanding of this relationship.
Enhancing the cloud security using side channel attack free QKD with entangled fuzzy logic
Authors: Gopinath N. , Prayla Shyry S.
Published: September 2022

As technology advances, it becomes easier to share large amounts of data over the internet. Cloud computing is one of the technologies that allows for easy data sharing over the internet. It is critical to provide security for this data when they are being shared across the internet. The security of data saved in cloud storage, as well as data transport and transmitting a key required to encrypt data between two parties, has been a source of concern for the industry, as a result of the growing use of cloud services in recent years. Collective attacks are significantly more powerful than individual strikes, according to our research. Despite the fact that additional research works were studied in the previous literature review, there are some study concerns for not correcting third-party data hacking. Therefore, this paper focuses on the design of Secured Quantum Key Distribution (SQKD) with Fuzzy logic to improve the security of the shared key. Quantum Key Distribution, Post Quantum Key Distribution, and the EPR Proto-col are technologies that increase the security of data sharing. We have incorporated the Secured Quantum Key Distribution (SQKD) with Fuzzy logic in our proposed work to improve the security of the shared key. The proposed systems include some additional characteristics in addition to the existing approaches. The proposed model uses shifting algorithms and the fuzzification procedure to assure the security of the secret key in the Fuzzification of Quantum Key approach. The experimental results states that the mean value of security losses in SFQ is 1.8306051, and the mean value of QKD is 14.6448416, with standard deviations of 1.7329 and 13.863 for SFQ and QKD, respectively.
A multi-criteria decision-making approach to analyse the viability of blockchain in software development projects
Authors: Masood Faraz , Faridi Arman Rasool
Published: September 2022

Blockchain technology is getting famous, and use cases of blockchain range from financial services to the Metaverse. It is considered a platform for web 3.0. As a result, many industries are planning to adopt blockchain. A simple public blockchain is not suitable for most business scenarios, so hybrid and private blockchains came into existence, but it is important to decide which type of blockchain should be adopted during the project planning phase. Various models can be found in the literature to determine if blockchain should be adopted and, if so, which type of blockchain should be adopted. However, these models are already becoming obsolete as they determine the usage of blockchain using simple yes or no. In order to overcome these problems, all these models are converted from binary-based selection to fuzzy-based selection, and decision matrices are created. Various multi-criteria decision analysis methods are applied, and final results are obtained. In addition, a novel model is presented, and a MATLAB application is developed to let the user determine if blockchain can be integrated with any technology or not. This application can be used as a standard in the project’s planning phase and helps avoid losses to the industry.