bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of black cumin oil on various components of haemostasis in rats with exogenous thrombinemia
Authors:   Yugra Centre for Occupational Pathology, Alkhasova Hanna М. , Zinov’eva Albina V. ,   District Clinical Hospital, Nikulina Elena G. ,   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Kalashnikova Svetlana P. , Gagaro Margarita A. , Solov’ev Vladimir G.
Published: October 2022

Black cumin oil has a rich phytochemical composition and is widely used as a dietary supplement for preventive purposes. However, there is a lack of scientific data on its effect on haemostasis. Thus, the purpose of this paper was to study the nature of the effect of the dietary supplement Ethiopian Black Cumin Oil on the platelet and coagulation components of the coagulation system under experimental thrombinemia. Materials and methods. The research involved 60 white non-inbred male rats. The following haemostasis parameters under exogenous thrombinemia were studied: prothrombin time, thrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, content of fibrinogen and soluble fibrin monomer complexes, antithrombin III activity, total platelet count and the ratio of different forms of platelets. Results. The research showed that pre-administration, in the course of 21 days, of black cumin oil to rats (experimental group) increases their tolerance to thrombin, limiting excessive platelet activation, development of thrombocytopenia and consumption coagulopathy compared with the control group. The data obtained during the experiment revealed a protective effect of oral administration of black cumin oil under provoked hypercoagulation stress. Сonsumption coagulopathy in the test group was less pronounced after 0.5 hours of experimental thrombinemia; after 1 hour, haemostasis parameters returned to baseline values at a faster rate compared to the control. The supposed mechanism behind this effect is the ability of the antioxidants in this dietary supplement to limit the processes of free radical oxidation: black cumin is a combined natural antioxidant rich in flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins and terpene compounds. The results of the research indicate good prospects for further studies into the effect of the dietary supplement Ethiopian Black Cumin Oil on various components of haemostasis as a non-specific agent.
LESIA UKRAINKA AS A LINGUIST-TERMINOLOGIST (devoted to the 150th anniversary of the writer’s birth)
Authors: Kosmeda Tetyana
Published: October 2022

In this scientific investigation we set the task to trace how Lesya Ukrainka represents the intellectualism of the Ukrainian language through the prism of her linguistic consciousness, due to her word formation, verbalizing her own linguosophy as that one which belongs to a linguist-terminologist, master of the word, Ukrainian elitist linguistic personality, which is manifested in the epistolary discourse of the poet. It is about the writer’s reasoning about the development of the Ukrainian language, description of its ontology, as well as her views on the development of Ukrainian terminology, relevant practical work on modeling terms,
including neologisms, etc. Lesya Ukrainka used various techniques of creating terms: (1) she tried to make the term correspond to the spirit of the Ukrainian language; (2) knowing the foreign languages well, the writer actively used foreign terms, using them in Latin graphics and transforming them into Cyrillic, tracing, trying to make them look Ukrainian, in particular, providing Ukrainian suffixes and endings; (3) she created terms-neologisms to describe the concepts that she introduced; (4) she intensified borrowed prefixoids, which today have become productive and regular; (5) she worked on modeling femininitives; (6) she represented figurative terms of the metaphorical type, as well as terms based on the phenomenon of precedent (actualization of proper precedent names, statements of famous people, delineation of precedent situations, etc.). Lesya Ukrainka considered herself a linguist to some extent, so she reflected on linguistic problems, the status of the Ukrainian language, its development, stylistics, the peculiarities of the functioning of the Ukrainian language in different regions of Ukraine, the nature of the influence of Russian and Polish. However, we see Lesya Ukrainka’s merit first of all in the fact that she did not passively study the state and peculiarities of the Ukrainian language, but even in her letters to relatives and friends she left valuable observations, arguments, persistently and convincingly encouraged consistent and active language patriotism.
DISQUALIFICATION: BACKGROUND AND CURRENT STATUS OF THE TERM (inventory and codification sketch)
Authors: Nelyuba Anatoliy
Published: October 2022

Modern Ukrainian legal terminology and nomenclature have their own distinguishing features, noticeable among them are disorder, inconsistency, non-normativity, which in turn cause functional inequality. Such features had a historical and contemporary basis: they are based on the achievements of the Soviet period (unfortunately, not always positive) and the achievements of modern times (often generated by language and legal illiteracy). A significant number of twists and disadvantages in legal terminology make a set (system?) of dangers and leads to a number of problems in both legislative and practices which use. Ukrainian scholars in the field of linguistics and law, practitioners, legislators have many tools and means in changing this situation. The task of this article is to illustrate one of the possible practical ways to avoid these and other problems – inventory and codification of terminology and nomenclature and means (ways) of their implementation.
The article is concerned with the term disqualification, the history of the emergence and formation of which illustrates the processes and ways of Russification of Ukrainian legal terminology and language in general.
Being unnatural, artificial, the word disqualification reveals a number of features that contradict the point of the term and terminology as a whole system: inconsistency of form and content, misinterpretation and lack of definition itself, lack of system-forming properties and, consequently, inability to be an element of hierarchy, inconsistency and incoherence of practical usage, polysemy, homonymy, generating adverse associativity, etc.
The article presents the history of analyzed word emerging and ‘making’ it a term in lexicographic works (including terminological dictionaries), in legislative acts, in the practice of its usage. Taking into account the laws and rules of terms creation in the Ukrainian
language, particularities of legal language and its functioning; the proper form and definition of the analyzed concept is offered, some consequences and results of consistent use of the offered term and its definition are named.
New pathways for innovation in Brazil
Authors: De Negri Fernanda
Published: October 2022

Aponta novos caminhos para políticas de inovação a partir de propostas que possam ajudar o Brasil a alcançar o sucesso tecnológico no longo prazo.
NP - 07 - O Efeito da covid-19 sobre os indicadores de pobreza brasileiros e as políticas de mitigação : uma discussão inicial
Authors: Alencar de Figueiredo Erik
Published: October 2022

As estratégias para a erradicação da pobreza constituem o ponto de partida para a agenda de desenvolvimento socioeconômico. A razão para isso reside na importância da pobreza como um indicador de bem-estar contemporâneo de uma sociedade e de seu efeito propagador de choques adversos ao longo dos anos e entre as gerações. De uma forma mais específica, a conexão entre a pobreza atual e a futura pode se dar a partir de uma série de mecanismos. A literatura especializada reconhece que os choques adversos in utero e na primeira infância afetam os resultados econômicos (desempenho escolar, renda e saúde, por exemplo) destes mesmos indivíduos na sua vida adulta. Ademais, as condições de vida dos pais podem ser decisivas para a saúde e o desenvolvimento humano dos filhos, unindo de forma perversa as gerações. No caso brasileiro, estima-se que a pobreza dos pais constitui o principal fator de propagação de choques negativos, contribuindo para a deterioração da saúde das crianças e para o aumento na incidência do trabalho infantil, entre outros.
KESEJAHTERAAN DAN PENERAPAN KEADILAN BAGI PEKERJA DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG CIPTA KERJA KLASTER KETENAGAKERJAAN
Authors: Fithri Nur Hidayatul
Published: October 2022

Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja atau Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja yang telah disahkan pada tanggal 5 Oktober 2020 oleh DPR RI dan diundangkan pada November 2020 memiliki tujuan untuk menciptakan lapangan kerja dan meningkatkan investasi asing dalam negeri. Peraturan tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Namun dengan diundangkannya Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja tersebut memunculkan pro kontra di masyarakat terutama pada klaster ketenagakerjaan, yang dianggap menjadi ancaman bagi masyarakat, salah satunya keadilan bagi para pekerja terkait sistem ketenagakerjaan di Indonesia. Artikel ini merupakan hasil dari penelitian yang berkaitan dengan Keadilan dan Kesejahteraan masyarakat Indonesia dalam Undang-Undang cipta kerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dan teori yang digunakan untuk mengalisisis kajian ini adalah teori keadilan. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan adalah statute approach dan conceptual approach. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa adanya keseimbangan keadilan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat dalam undang-undang cipta kerja, Undang-Undang tersebut juga dapat mendorong produktivitas kerja mengingat produktivitas kerja Indonesia masih tertinggal dibanding beberapa negara lain.
CLusters in the UV as EngineS (CLUES). I. Survey Presentation and FUV Spectral Analysis of the Stellar Light
Authors: Sirressi Mattia , Adamo Angela , Hayes Matthew , Osborne Shannon , Hernandez Svea , Chisholm John , Messa Matteo , Smith Linda J. , Aloisi Alessandra , Wofford Aida , Fox Andrew J. , Mizener Andrew , Usher Christopher , Bik Arjan , Calzetti Daniela , Sabbi Elena , Schinnerer Eva , Östlin Göran , Grasha Kathryn , Cignoni Michele , Fumagalli Michele
Published: October 2022

The CLusters in the Uv as EngineS (CLUES) survey is a Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) campaign aimed at acquiring the 1130–1770 Å rest-frame spectroscopy of very young (<20 Myr) and massive (>104
M
⊙) star clusters in galaxies that are part of the Hubble treasury program Legacy ExtraGalactic UV Survey. In this first paper of a series, we describe the CLUES sample consisting of 20 young star clusters and report their physical properties as derived by both multiwavelength photometry and far-UV (FUV) spectroscopy with Hubble Space Telescope. Thanks to the synergy of the two different data sets, we build a coherent picture of the diverse stellar populations found in each region (with sizes of 40–160 pc). We associate the FUV-brightest stellar population to the central targeted star cluster and the other modeled population to the diffuse stars that are included in the COS aperture. We observe better agreement between photometric and spectroscopic ages for star clusters younger than 5 Myr. For clusters older than 5 Myr, photometry and spectroscopy measurements deviate, with the latter producing older ages, due to the degeneracy of photometric models. FUV spectroscopy enables us to better constrain the stellar metallicities, a parameter that optical colors are insensitive to. Finally, the derived E(B − V) are quite similar, with a tendency for FUV spectroscopy to favor solutions with higher extinctions. The recovered masses are in agreement within a factor of 2 for all of the clusters.
Color Dependence of the Transit Detectability of Young Active M Dwarfs
Authors: Miyakawa Kohei , Hirano Teruyuki , Sato Bun’ei , Okuzumi Satoshi , Gaidos Eric
Published: October 2022

We investigate the planetary transit detectability in the presence of stellar rotational activity from light curves of young M dwarfs, and estimate the improvements in detection at near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. By making maps of the transit signal detection efficiency over the orbital period and planetary radius with light curves of the members of four clusters observed by the K2 mission—Hyades, Praesepe, Pleiades, and Upper Scorpius—we evaluate the detectability of the rotation period and the modulation of the semi-amplitude. We find that the detection efficiency decreases remarkably, to about 20%, for rapid rotators with P
rot ≤ 1 day, and that the lack of planets in Pleiades is likely due to the high fraction of rapidly rotating M dwarfs. We also evaluate the improvements in planet detection with NIR photometry via tests that use mock light curves, assuming that the signal amplitude of the stellar rotation decreases at NIR wavelengths. Our results suggest that NIR photometric monitoring will double the relative detection efficiency for transiting planetary candidates with P
rot ≤ 1 day, and find planets around M dwarfs with approximately 100 Myr that are missing from previous transit surveys from space.
Debiasing the Minimum-mass Extrasolar Nebula: On the Diversity of Solid Disk Profiles
Authors: He Matthias Y. , Ford Eric B.
Published: October 2022

A foundational idea in the theory of in situ planet formation is the “minimum-mass extrasolar nebula” (MMEN), a surface density profile (Σ) of disk solids that is necessary to form the planets in their present locations. While most previous studies have fit a single power law to all exoplanets in an observed ensemble, it is unclear whether most exoplanetary systems form from a universal disk template. We use an advanced statistical model for the underlying architectures of multiplanet systems to reconstruct the MMEN. The simulated physical and Kepler-observed catalogs allow us to directly assess the role of detection biases, and in particular the effect of nontransiting or otherwise undetected planets, in altering the inferred MMEN. We find that fitting a power law of the form

Σ
=

Σ

0

*

(
a

/

a

0

)

β

to each multiplanet system results in a broad distribution of disk profiles;

Σ

0

*

=

336

−
291

+
727

g cm−2 and

β
=
−

1.98

−
1.52

+
1.55

encompass the 16th–84th percentiles of the marginal distributions in an underlying population, where

Σ

0

*

is the normalization at a
0 = 0.3 au. Around half of the inner planet-forming disks have minimum solid masses of ≳ 40M
⊕ within 1 au. While transit observations do not tend to bias the median β, they can lead to both significantly over- and underestimated

Σ

0

*

and thus broaden the inferred distribution of disk masses. Nevertheless, detection biases cannot account for the full variance in the observed disk profiles; there is no universal MMEN if all planets formed in situ. The great diversity of solid disk profiles suggests that a substantial fraction (≳23%) of planetary systems experienced a history of migration.
X-Rays in Cepheids: Identifying Low-mass Companions of Intermediate-mass Stars*
Authors: Evans Nancy Remage , Engle Scott , Pillitteri Ignazio , Guinan Edward , Günther H. Moritz , Wolk Scott , Neilson Hilding , Marengo Massimo , Matthews Lynn D. , Moschou Sofia , Drake Jeremy J. , Winston Elaine M. , Moe Maxwell , Kervella Pierre , Breuval Louise
Published: October 2022

X-ray observations have been made of a sample of 20 classical Cepheids, including two new observations (Polaris and l Car) reported here. The occurrence of X-ray flux around the pulsation cycle is discussed. Three Cepheids are detected (δ Cep, β Dor, and Polaris). X-rays have also been detected from the low-mass F, G, and K companions of four Cepheids (V473 Lyr, R Cru, V659 Cen, and W Sgr) and one hot companion (S Mus). Upper limits on the X-ray flux of the remaining Cepheids provide an estimate that 28% have low-mass companions. This fraction of low-mass companions in intermediate-mass Cepheids is significantly lower than expected from random pairing with the field initial mass function (IMF). Combining the companion fraction from X-rays with that from ultraviolet observations results in a binary/multiple fraction of 57% ± 12% for Cepheids with ratios q > 0.1 and separations a >1 au. This is a lower limit since M stars are not included. X-ray observations detect less massive companions than other existing studies of intermediate-mass stars. Our measured occurrence rate of unresolved, low-mass companions to Cepheids suggests that intermediate-period binaries derive from a combination of disk and core fragmentation and accretion. This yields a hybrid mass ratio distribution that is skewed toward small values compared to a uniform distribution but is still top-heavy compared to random pairings drawn from the IMF.
Low-frequency Radio Continuum Imaging and SED Modeling of 11 LIRGs: Radio-only and FUV to Radio Bands
Authors: Dey Subhrata , Goyal Arti , Małek Katarzyna , Galvin Timothy J. , Seymour Nicholas , Santos Tanio Díaz , Piotrowska Julia , Charmandaris Vassilis
Published: October 2022

We present a detailed analysis of 11 local luminous infrared galaxies from ultraviolet through far-infrared to radio (∼70 MHz to ∼15 GHz) bands. We derive the astrophysical properties through spectral energy distribution (SED) modeling using the Code Investigating GALaxy Emission (CIGALE) and UltraNest codes. The radio SEDs include our new observations at 325 and 610 MHz from the GMRT and the measurements from public archives. Our main results are (1) radio SEDs show turnovers and bends, (2) the synchrotron spectral index of the fitted radio spectra ranges between −0.5 and −1.7, and (3) the infrared luminosity, dust mass, dust temperature, stellar mass, star formation rates (SFRs), and active galactic nuclei (AGN) fraction obtained from CIGALE fall within the range exhibited by galaxies of the same class. The ratio of 60 μm infrared and 1.4 GHz radio luminosity, the 1.4 GHz thermal fraction, and emission measure range between 2.1 and 2.9, 0.1% and 10%, 0.02 and 269.5 × 106 cm−6 pc, respectively. We conclude that the turnovers seen in the radio SEDs are due to free–free absorption; this is supported by the low AGN fraction derived from the CIGALE analysis. The decomposed 1.4 GHz thermal and nonthermal radio luminosities allowed us to compute the SFR using scaling relations. A positive correlation is observed between the SFRIR obtained 10 Myr ago (compared to 100 Myr ago) and 1.4 GHz radio (total and nonthermal) because similar synchrotron lifetimes are expected for typical magnetic field strengths observed in these galaxies (≈50 μG).
Precision Calibration of Radio Interferometers for 21 cm Cosmology with No Redundancy and Little Knowledge of Antenna Beams and the Radio Sky
Authors: Ewall-Wice Aaron , Dillon Joshua S. , Gehlot Bharat , Parsons Aaron , Cox Tyler , Jacobs Daniel C.
Published: October 2022

We introduce CALibration AMITY (calamity), a precision bandpass calibration method for radio interferometry. calamity can solve for direction-independent gains with arbitrary frequency structure to the high precision required for 21 cm cosmology with minimal knowledge of foregrounds or antenna beams and does not require any degree of redundancy (repeated identical measurements of the same baseline). We have achieved this through two key innovations. First, we model the foregrounds on each baseline independently using a flexible and highly efficient set of basis functions that have minimal overlap with 21 cm modes and enforce spectral smoothness in the calibrated foregrounds. Second, we use an off-the-shelf GPU accelerated API (tensorflow) to solve for per-baseline foregrounds simultaneously with per-frequency antenna gains in a single optimization loop. GPU acceleration is critical for our technique to be able to solve for the large numbers of foreground and gain parameters simultaneously across all frequencies for an interferometer with ≳10 antennas in a reasonable amount of time. In this paper, we give an overview of our technique and, using realistic simulations, demonstrate its performance in solving for and removing pathological gain structures down to 4.5 orders of magnitude below the level of foregrounds and consistent with our simulated thermal noise limit. If readers want to start using calamity now, they can find a tutorial notebook online.
Fan-beamed X-Ray Emission from 1 to above 130 keV from the Ultraluminous X-Ray Pulsar RX J0209.6-7427 in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Hou X. , Ge M. Y. , Ji L. , Zhang S. N. , You Y. , Tao L. , Zhang S. , Soria R. , Feng H. , Zhou M. , Tuo Y. L. , Song L. M. , Wang J. C.
Published: October 2022

We present detailed timing and spectral analyses of the transient X-ray pulsar RX J0209.6−7427 in the Small Magellanic Cloud during its 2019 giant outburst. With a better known distance than most galactic X-ray pulsars, its peak luminosity is determined to be (1.11 ± 0.06) × 1039 erg s−1; it is thus a bona fide pulsating ultraluminous X-ray source (PULX). Owing to the broad energy band of Insight-HXMT, its pulsed X-ray emission was detected from 1 keV up to the 130–180 keV band, which is the highest energy emission detected from any PULXs outside the Milky Way. This allows us to conclude that its main pulsed X-ray emission is from the fan beam of the accretion column, and its luminosity is thus intrinsic. We also estimate its magnetic field of (4.8–8.6) × 1012 or (1.7–2.2) × 1013 G, from its spin evolution or transition in the accretion column structure during the outburst; we suggest that the two values of the magnetic field strength correspond to the dipole and multipole magnetic fields of the neutron star, similar to the recent discovery in the Galactic PULX Swift J0243.6+6124. Therefore, the nature of the neutron star and its ULX emission can be understood within the current theoretical frame of accreting neutron stars. This may have implications for understanding the nature of those farther away extragalactic PULXs.
Statistical Plasma Properties of the Planar and Nonplanar ICME Magnetic Clouds during Solar Cycles 23 and 24
Authors: Shaikh Zubair I. , Raghav Anil N.
Published: October 2022

Various remote and in situ observations, along with several models, simulations, and kinetic studies, have been proposed in recent years, suggesting that the morphology of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) magnetic cloud can vary from cylindrical, elliptical, toroidal, flattened, pancaked, etc. Recently, Raghav et al. proposed for the first time a unique morphological characteristic of an ICME magnetic cloud at 1 au that showed characteristics of a planar magnetic structure, using in situ data from the ACE spacecraft. In this study, we statistically investigate the plasma properties of planar and nonplanar ICMEs from 1998–2017 at 1 au. The detailed study of 469 ICMEs suggests that 136 (∼29%) ICMEs are planar, whereas 333 (∼71%) are nonplanar. Furthermore, total interplanetary magnetic field strength, average plasma parameters, i.e., plasma density, beta, thermal pressure, and magnetic pressure in planar ICME, are significantly higher than in the nonplanar ICME. Also, we noticed that the thickness of planar ICMEs is less compared to nonplanar ICMEs. This analysis demonstrates that planar ICMEs are formed due to the high compression of ICME. Moreover, we also observed the southward/northward magnetic field component’s double strength during planar ICMEs compared to nonplanar ICMEs. It implies that planar ICMEs are more geoeffective than nonplanar ICMEs.
Compact Dust Emission in a Gravitationally Lensed Massive Quiescent Galaxy at z = 2.15 Revealed in ∼130 pc Resolution Observations by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array
Authors: Morishita T. , Abdurro’uf  , Hirashita H. , Newman A. B. , Stiavelli M. , Chiaberge M.
Published: October 2022

We present new observations of MRG-M2129, a quiescent galaxy at z = 2.15, with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). With the combination of the effect of gravitational lensing by the foreground galaxy cluster and the angular resolution provided by ALMA, our data reveal 1.2 mm continuum emission at ∼130 pc angular resolution. Compact dust continuum is detected at 7.9σ in the target but displaced from its stellar peak position by 62 ± 38 mas, or ∼169 ± 105 pc in the source plane. We find a considerably high dust-to-stellar mass ratio, 4 × 10−4. From nondetection of the [C i] 3P2 → 3P1 line, we derive 3σ upper limits on the molecular gas-to-dust mass ratio δ
GDR < 60 and the molecular gas-to-stellar mass ratio f
H2 < 2.3%. The derived δ
GDR is ≳2× smaller than the typical value assumed for quiescent galaxies in the literature. Our study supports the idea that there exists a broad range of δ
GDR and urges submillimeter follow-up observations of quenching/recently quenched galaxies at similar redshifts. Based on the inferred low δ
GDR and other observed properties, we argue that the central black hole is still active and regulates star formation in the system. Our study exhibits a rare case of a gravitationally lensed type 2 QSO harbored by a quiescent galaxy.
The Propagation of Coherent Waves Across Multiple Solar Magnetic Pores
Authors: Grant S. D. T. , Jess D. B. , Stangalini M. , Jafarzadeh S. , Fedun V. , Verth G. , Keys P. H. , Rajaguru S. P. , Uitenbroek H. , MacBride C. D. , Bate W. , Gilchrist-Millar C. A.
Published: October 2022

Solar pores are efficient magnetic conduits for propagating magnetohydrodynamic wave energy into the outer regions of the solar atmosphere. Pore observations often contain isolated and/or unconnected structures, preventing the statistical examination of wave activity as a function of the atmospheric height. Here, using high-resolution observations acquired by the Dunn Solar Telescope, we examine photospheric and chromospheric wave signatures from a unique collection of magnetic pores originating from the same decaying sunspot. Wavelet analysis of high-cadence photospheric imaging reveals the ubiquitous presence of slow sausage-mode oscillations, coherent across all photospheric pores through comparisons of intensity and area fluctuations, producing statistically significant in-phase relationships. The universal nature of these waves allowed an investigation of whether the wave activity remained coherent as they propagate. Utilizing bisector Doppler velocity analysis of the Ca ii 8542 Å line, alongside comparisons of the modeled spectral response function, we find fine-scale 5 mHz power amplification as the waves propagate into the chromosphere. Phase angles approaching zero degrees between co-spatial line depths spanning different line depths indicate standing sausage modes following reflection against the transition region boundary. Fourier analysis of chromospheric velocities between neighboring pores reveals the annihilation of the wave coherency observed in the photosphere, with examination of the intensity and velocity signals from individual pores indicating they behave as fractured waveguides, rather than monolithic structures. Importantly, this work highlights that wave morphology with atmospheric height is highly complex, with vast differences observed at chromospheric layers, despite equivalent wave modes being introduced into similar pores in the photosphere.
A Magnetic Valve at L1 Revealed in TESS Photometry of the Asynchronous Polar BY Cam
Authors: Mason Paul A. , Littlefield Colin , Monroy Lorena C. , Morales John F. , Hakala Pasi , Garnavich Peter , Szkody Paula , Kennedy Mark R. , Ramsay Gavin , Scaringi Simone
Published: October 2022

We present TESS photometry of the asynchronous polar BY Cam, which undergoes a beat cycle between the 199.384 min white dwarf (WD) spin period and the 201.244 min orbital period. This results in changes in the flow of matter onto the WD. The TESS light curve covers 92% of the beat cycle once and 71% of the beat cycle twice. The strongest photometric signal, at 197.560 min, is ascribed to a side-band period. During times of light-curve stability, the photometry modulates at the spin frequency, supporting our WD spin-period identification. Both one-pole and two-pole accretion configurations repeat from one beat cycle to the next with clear and repeatable beat-phase-dependent intensity variations. To explain these, we propose the operation of a magnetic valve at L1. The magnetic valve modulates the mass-transfer rate, as evidenced by a factor of 5 variation in orbital-averaged intensity, over the course of the beat cycle in a repeatable manner. The accretion stream threading distance from the WD is also modulated at the beat period, because of the variation of the WD magnetic field with respect to the stream and because of changes in the mass transfer rate due to the operation of the magnetic valve. Changes in the threading distance result in significant shifts in the position of accreting spots around the beat cycle. As a consequence, only the faintest photometric minima allow for an accurate ephemeris determination. Three regions on the WD appear to receive most of the accretion flow, suggestive of a complex WD magnetic field.
LensingETC: A Tool to Optimize Multifilter Imaging Campaigns of Galaxy-scale Strong Lensing Systems
Authors: Shajib Anowar J. , Glazebrook Karl , Barone Tania , Lewis Geraint F. , Jones Tucker , Tran Kim-Vy H. , Buckley-Geer Elizabeth , Collett Thomas E. , Frieman Joshua , Jacobs Colin
Published: October 2022

Imaging data is the principal observable required to use galaxy-scale strong lensing in a multitude of applications in extragalactic astrophysics and cosmology. In this paper, we develop Lensing Exposure Time Calculator (LensingETC; https://github.com/ajshajib/LensingETC) to optimize the efficiency of telescope-time usage when planning multifilter imaging campaigns for galaxy-scale strong lenses. This tool simulates realistic data tailored to specified instrument characteristics and then automatically models them to assess the power of the data in constraining lens model parameters. We demonstrate a use case of this tool by optimizing a two-filter observing strategy (in the IR and ultraviolet-visual (UVIS)) within the limited exposure time per system allowed by a Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Snapshot program. We find that higher resolution is more advantageous to gain constraining power on the lensing observables, when there is a trade-off between signal-to-noise ratio and resolution; for example, between the UVIS and IR filters of the HST. We also find that, whereas a point-spread function (PSF) with sub-Nyquist sampling allows the sample mean for a model parameter to be robustly recovered for both galaxy–galaxy and point-source lensing systems, a sub-Nyquist-sampled PSF introduces a larger scatter than a Nyquist-sampled one in the deviation from the ground truth for point-source lens systems.
The Chocolate Chip Cookie Model: Dust Geometry of Milky Way–like Disk Galaxies
Authors: Lu 卢 Jiafeng 家风 , Shen 沈 Shiyin 世银 , Yuan 袁 Fang-Ting 方婷 , Shao 邵 Zhengyi 正义 , Hou 侯 Jinliang 金良 , Zheng 郑 Xianzhong 宪忠
Published: October 2022

We present a new two-component dust geometry model, the Chocolate Chip Cookie model, where the clumpy nebular regions are embedded in a diffuse stellar/interstellar medium disk, like chocolate chips in a cookie. By approximating the binomial distribution of the clumpy nebular regions with a continuous Gaussian distribution and omitting the dust scattering effect, our model solves the dust attenuation process for both the emission lines and stellar continua via analytical approaches. Our Chocolate Chip Cookie model successfully fits the inclination dependence of both the effective dust reddening of the stellar components derived from stellar population synthesis and that of the emission lines characterized by the Balmer decrement for a large sample of Milky Way–like (MW-like) disk galaxies selected from the main galaxy sample of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Our model shows that the clumpy nebular disk is about 0.55 times thinner and 1.6 times larger than the stellar disk for MW-like galaxies, whereas each clumpy region has a typical optical depth of τ
cl,V
∼ 0.5 in the V band. After considering the aperture effect, our model prediction on the inclination dependence of dust attenuation is also consistent with observations. Not only that, in our model, the dust attenuation curve of the stellar population naturally depends on the inclination, and its median case is consistent with the classical Calzetti law. As the modeling constraints are from the optical wavelengths, our model is unaffected by the optically thick dust component, which however could bias the model’s prediction of the infrared emissions.
Combined Effects of f(R) Gravity and Massive Neutrinos on the Turnaround Radii of Dark Matter Halos
Authors: Lee Jounghun , Baldi Marco
Published: October 2022

We present a new statistics based on the turnaround radii of cluster halos to break the dark sector degeneracy between the ΛCDM model and the alternative ones with f(R) gravity and massive neutrinos (ν) characterized by the strength of the fifth force, ∣f

R0∣, and the total neutrino mass, M

ν
. Analyzing the Rockstar halo catalogs at the present epoch from the DUSTGRAIN-pathfinder
N-body simulations performed for four different cosmologies, namely, ΛCDM (∣f

R0∣ = 0, ∑m

ν
= 0.0 eV), fR6 (∣f

R0∣ = 10−6, ∑m

ν
= 0.0 eV), fR6+0.06 eV(∣f

R0∣ = 10−6, ∑m

ν
= 0.06 eV), and fR5+0.15 eV(∣f

R0∣ = 10−5, ∑m

ν
= 0.15 eV), which are known to yield very similar conventional statistics to one another. For each model, we select those cluster halos that do not neighbor any other larger halos in their bound zones and construct their bound-zone peculiar velocity profiles at z = 0. Then, we determine the radial distance of each selected halo at which the bound-zone velocity becomes equal to the recession speed of the Hubble flow as its turnaround radius, and evaluate the cumulative probability distribution of the ratios of the turnaround radii to the virial counterparts, P(r

t
/r

v
≥ α). The degeneracy between the fR6 and fR5+0.15 eV models is found to be readily broken by the 10σ
ΔP
difference in the value of P(α = 4), while the 3.2σ
ΔP
difference between the ΛCDM and fR6+0.06 eV models is detected in the value of P(α = 8.5). It is also found that the four models yield smaller differences in P(α) at higher redshifts.
Uniform Recalibration of Common Spectrophotometry Standard Stars onto the CALSPEC System Using the SuperNova Integral Field Spectrograph
Authors: Rubin David , Aldering G. , Antilogus P. , Aragon C. , Bailey S. , Baltay C. , Bongard S. , Boone K. , Buton C. , Copin Y. , Dixon S. , Fouchez D. , Gangler E. , Gupta R. , Hayden B. , Hillebrandt W. , Kim A. G. , Kowalski M. , Küsters D. , Léget P.-F. , Mondon F. , Nordin J. , Pain R. , Pecontal E. , Pereira R. , Perlmutter S. , Ponder K. A. , Rabinowitz D. , Rigault M. , Runge K. , Saunders C. , Smadja G. , Suzuki N. , Tao C. , Taubenberger S. , Thomas R. C. , Vincenzi M. ,   (The Nearby Supernova Factory)
Published: October 2022

We calibrate spectrophotometric optical spectra of 32 stars commonly used as standard stars, referenced to 14 stars already on the Hubble Space Telescope–based CALSPEC flux system. Observations of CALSPEC and non-CALSPEC stars were obtained with the SuperNova Integral Field Spectrograph over the wavelength range 3300–9400 Å as calibration for the Nearby Supernova Factory cosmology experiment. In total, this analysis used 4289 standard-star spectra taken on photometric nights. As a modern cosmology analysis, all presubmission methodological decisions were made with the flux scale and external comparison results blinded. The large number of spectra per star allows us to treat the wavelength-by-wavelength calibration for all nights simultaneously with a Bayesian hierarchical model, thereby enabling a consistent treatment of the Type Ia supernova cosmology analysis and the calibration on which it critically relies. We determine the typical per-observation repeatability (median 14 mmag for exposures ≳5 s), the Maunakea atmospheric transmission distribution (median dispersion of 7 mmag with uncertainty 1 mmag), and the scatter internal to our CALSPEC reference stars (median of 8 mmag). We also check our standards against literature filter photometry, finding generally good agreement over the full 12 mag range. Overall, the mean of our system is calibrated to the mean of CALSPEC at the level of ∼3 mmag. With our large number of observations, careful cross-checks, and 14 reference stars, our results are the best calibration yet achieved with an integral-field spectrograph, and among the best calibrated surveys.
GWFAST: A Fisher Information Matrix Python Code for Third-generation Gravitational-wave Detectors
Authors: Iacovelli Francesco , Mancarella Michele , Foffa Stefano , Maggiore Michele
Published: October 2022

We introduce GWFAST (https://github.com/CosmoStatGW/gwfast), a Fisher information matrix Python code that allows for easy and efficient estimation of signal-to-noise ratios and parameter measurement errors for large catalogs of resolved sources observed by networks of gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. In particular, GWFAST includes the effects of the Earth’s motion during the evolution of the signal, supports parallel computation, and relies on automatic differentiation rather than on finite differences techniques, which makes possible the computation of derivatives with accuracy close to machine precision. We also release the library WF4Py (https://github.com/CosmoStatGW/WF4Py) implementing state-of-the-art GW waveforms in Python. In this paper we provide a documentation of GWFAST and WF4Py with practical examples and tests of performance and reliability. In the companion paper Iacovelli et al. we present forecasts for the detection capabilities of the second and third generation of ground-based GW detectors, obtained with GWFAST.
Application of Virtual Ergonomic Tools for Evaluating an Inclu-sive Autonomous Vehicle Interior
Authors: Angeleska Elena , Sidorenko Sofija , Jankovic Aleksandar , Rizov Tashko
Published: October 2022

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) present the opportunity to increase the passengers' comfort during the rides and help persons with impairments make daily transportation independently. However, in order to make full use of these advantages, a new design approach is needed for developing AV models. This paper aims to present a specific approach in the design process and ergonomic evaluation of an inclusive AV interior. The used approach of combining vehicle standards and regulations, ergonomic and anthropometric data, with user requirements, inclusive principles and universal design is explained in detail. In addition, virtual ergonomic evaluations are conducted in order to examine the success of applying the ergonomic and inclusive approach. The results emphasize the benefits of virtual ergonomic tools for successful ergonomic assessments.
A pesquisa em ensino de química realizada por estudantes de licenciatura do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina: estado do conhecimento e aproximações epistemológicas
Authors: Alves Ediely Teixeira da Silva , Dentz Volmir Von
Published: October 2022

O artigo apresenta pesquisa que analisa as produções acadêmicas sobre o Ensino de Química realizadas por estudantes de licenciatura do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, campus São José, e apresentadas como Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso entre os anos de 2013 a 2019. Assim, a partir da análise dos 38 trabalhos localizados, buscou-se identificar quais são os objetos de estudo e as temáticas do ensino de Química priorizadas nas produções dos estudantes e quais são as metodologias e tendências teóricas que predominam no contexto investigado. A pesquisa fundamenta-se no referencial teórico-metodológico do Esquema Paradigmático, proposto por Sílvio Sanchez-Gamboa para análise da produção científica em Educação. Entre os principais resultados, evidenciam-se elementos que permitem caracterizar o estado do conhecimento sobre o Ensino de Química tal como é produzido na instituição. Entre outras coisas, destaca-se, por um lado, a diversidade de temáticas que são estudadas e o predomínio de pesquisas empíricas que utilizam aplicação de questionários, entrevistas e diários de campo, envolvendo sujeitos em escolas; e, por outro, algumas fragilidades relacionadas à fundamentação teórica dos trabalhos e às metodologias empregadas no tratamento dos dados nas pesquisas analisadas.
Uso do jogo didático “Adivinha Qual?” como evento propício à revisitação do erro e da tomada de consciência de conceitos de química orgânica
Authors: Lira dos Anjos José Ayron , Da Silva Joao Roberto Rátis Tenório , Da Silva Ana Paula Freitas , Guimarães Ricardo Lima
Published: October 2022

Buscando estimular alternativas que se contraponham a uma realidade de ensino que leva os estudantes brasileiros, sobretudo de escolas públicas, a um conhecimento deficitário a Teachers College-Columbia University em parceria com a Fundação Lemann investiu no fortalecimento da atuação de pesquisadores brasileiros lançando o edital “Researching Teaching and Learning: An Equity Imperative for Teacher Education”. Contemplado nesse edital, o Núcleo de Investigações, Desenvolvimento e Estudo de Jogos no Ensino (NIDEJE) se propôs a investigar como as situações de interação discursiva propiciadas pelo uso de jogos didáticos podem ser um fator de mudança de um cenário de ensino, em que dúvidas e erros são desconsiderados como oportunidades de (re)significação de entendimentos. Para tal foi aplicado o jogo didático “Adivinha Qual?”, em uma escola da rede pública de ensino médio do agreste pernambucano, sendo a primeira aplicação do jogo didático com a participação exclusiva de estudantes que apresentavam dificuldades no conteúdo de funções orgânicas e a segunda aplicação com grupos compostos com alguns estudantes que apresentavam dificuldades e outros que tinham um melhor rendimento escolar na disciplina de química. A externalização dos pensamentos dos alunos em seus planejamentos, discussões, e reflexões ocorridas no decorrer do jogo, foram registradas e posteriormente analisadas por meio da análise microgenética. Deste modo, analisamos as interações discursivas propiciadas a partir das zonas de desenvolvimento iminente (ZDI) constituída nos grupos e a implicação das constituições dos grupos na dinâmica dessa ZDI e na tomada de consciência dos alunos perante a revisitação de seus erros. Ao fim observamos que o jogo didático pode envolver e motivar os alunos a uma ação coletiva, que os instiga a realizar escolhas justificadas. Deste modo propiciam um ambiente favorável a reflexões sobre a aplicação de conceitos e a tomada de consciência não só sobre eles, mas também sobre seus erros e suas dificuldades, o que os auxilia a superá-las. A qualidade dessas reflexões é favorecida pela ZDI formada pelos alunos e professor ao promover a revisão de posicionamentos, justificativas e ressignificando conceitos e procedimentos. Destacamos ainda que o papel do professor como interlocutor na ZDI cresce em relevância quando a constituição dos grupos é formada exclusivamente por alunos com mais dificuldade no conteúdo.
Ensino de conceitos sobre geometria fractal para estudantes cegos: do estudo de caso à instrumentalização docente
Authors: Viginheski Lucia Virginia Mamcasz , Rutz da Silva Sani De Carvalho , Shimazaki Elsa Midori , Cassandre Marcio Pascoal
Published: October 2022

A pesquisa de intervenção aqui relatada, de natureza aplicada e abordagem qualitativa, tem como objetivo analisar as contribuições das adaptações materiais, táteis e descritivas, no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Geometria Fractal para estudantes com deficiência visual, a fim de possibilitar-lhes acesso ao conteúdo escolar sobre esse tema. Esses sujeitos necessitam de ferramentas adequadas que lhes permitam o acesso e a apropriação dos conhecimentos científicos matemáticos. Dessa forma, desenvolveu-se um estudo prático, em um centro de atendimento educacional especializado na área da deficiência visual, em um município do Centro-Oeste do Paraná, com um grupo de cinco pessoas cegas e com baixa visão, já concluintes do Ensino Médio. A coleta de dados da intervenção pedagógica deu-se por meio de observações, registros em filmes e diário de campo, examinados por meio da análise da conversação. Os resultados indicaram lacunas na formação escolar dos estudantes em relação aos conceitos matemáticos necessários para a aprendizagem de Geometria Fractal. O estudo constatou que a utilização de materiais adaptados para o ensino de conceitos relacionados a esse conteúdo, como as imagens táteis contribuíram para a formação dos conceitos ensinados. Os resultados apontam a necessidade de promover formação para os professores de Matemática na área de Educação Inclusiva, com vistas à efetivação da inclusão e à apropriação dos conhecimentos científicos pelos estudantes com tal deficiência. Dessa forma, os resultados obtidos neste estudo corroboram com o desenvolvimento do projeto Rethinking Teacher Education: Foresting Inclusive Practices for Visually-Impaired Students in Mathematics Classes, fomentado pela Universidade de Columbia e Fundação Lemann.
Ensino remoto e acessibilidade na educação de surdos: uma análise crítica decolonial da plataforma “Se Liga Na Educação"
Authors: De Souza André Luis Santos , Leonor Ana Carolina Carmo , Gediel Ana Luisa Borba
Published: October 2022

O fechamento das escolas e a substituição temporária do sistema presencial para o sistema de ensino remoto devido a pandemia COVID-19 expôs desafios e obstáculos a serem enfrentados na esfera educacional. A adequação para esta nova realidade escancarou a grande desigualdade em termos de recursos para a implementação do regime remoto. Com base na teoria decolonial, buscamos refletir de forma crítica em relação ao histórico de exclusão educacional dos alunos Surdos. Assim, analisou-se o material didático bilíngue produzido pela Secretaria de Educação do Estado de Minas Gerais e disponibilizado online na para atender os Surdos durante o período remoto. Como percurso metodológico foram investigadas as videoaulas da Plataforma “Se liga na Educação” para identificar e compreender o material voltado para os alunos Surdos, que utilizam a Libras como a primeira materna (L1). Concluímos com a análise das videoaulas, que o material em Libras pode ser considerado um avanço tanto legal quanto sociocultural no contexto da educação para estudantes surdos. Entretanto, ainda há muitas lacunas que impossibilitam um acesso equitativo aos conteúdos escolares dos alunos surdos. Observou-se que a falta de legendas nos vídeos pode criar algumas barreiras. Além disso, identificou-se uma lacuna relativa à ausência dos conteúdos programáticos definidos pela Base Nacional Comum Curricular, no caso limitando-se a alguns conteúdos da língua portuguesa e da disciplina de Libras.