bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterización de los procesos cognitivos creativos en publicistas expertos
Authors:   , Atehortúa Rendón César Augusto
Published: July 2022

Esta investigación estuvo encaminada a caracterizar los procesos cognitivos creativos presentes en publicistas expertos, a partir de una investigación exploratoria de estudio de caso. La investigación contó con una tarea cognitiva que se aplicó a dos directores creativos con amplia trayectoria en el mundo publicitario y a dos creativos junior que empiezan su carrera profesional. La tarea cognitiva en esta investigación consistía en desarrollar una pieza gráfica (afiche - producto) teniendo como base un brief. Luego de recopilar la información, se hizo un análisis de la pieza publicitaria (afiche) bajo el enfoque de cognición creativa con el modelo Geneplore, el cual permitió establecer los procesos generativos, las estructuras y propiedades preinventivas, y los procesos exploratorios presentes en la creación del afiche por parte de los creativos publicitarios.
Pertinencia de las competencias profesionales estudio de casos
Authors:   , Castro Zamudio Alexander , Melo Barbosa Olga Patricia , Reyes Leal Roberto Eduardo
Published: July 2022

El proyecto presentado sobre la pertinencia de las competencias profesionales se origina en la problemática actual de desempleo, esto se deduce a partir de cifras estadísticas que evidencian que el desempleo y subempleo están asociados al nivel de competencias formadas en las Instituciones Educativas. A partir de este fenómeno y desde una perspectiva práctica, la investigación se centra en convalidar si las competencias explícitas e implícitas desde la academia -la Educación Superior- son coherentes con las competencias requeridas para el desempeño laboral. Es decir, si las competencias profesionales son tenidas en cuenta por las Universidades. En el proceso de investigación se hace una aproximación al imaginario de competencias que tienen: docentes, estudiantes y directivos en tres programas de pregrado : Enfermería, Publicidad y Administración de Empresas de las Universidades Manuela Beltrán, Universidad Central y Pontificia Universidad Javeriana respectivamente.
La desacralización del arte : el arte el artista y la crítica en la balada del pajarillo de Germán Espinosa.
Authors:   , Rubiano Díaz Martha Lucía
Published: July 2022

Con este trabajo interpretativo se intenta demostrar que La balada del pajarillo(2.000) es una novela construida a partir de la visión artística del autor, quien se sirve de los mitos relacionados con la creación poética en la tradición occidental (La Diosa Blanca y el mito de Orfeo) y la observación de actitudes e ideas que predominan respecto al arte, referidas tanto a la producción y recepción artísticas como al papel de la crítica, para tejer, mediante diversos recursos, una obra a través de la cual se pone en cuestión el estado actual del campo artístico colombiano.
En primer lugar, se expone el pensamiento de Germán Espinosa frente a su concepción del arte, el artista y la crítica literaria expresado en diferentes artículos, entrevistas, ensayos y reflexiones vitales para luego ser contrastado en el segundo y tercer capítulo con los elementos simbólicos, ideológicos y estéticos de la novela. En el desarrollo de la interpretación se emplean herramientas propias de la sociocrítica y la mitocrítica.
Importancia de los sistemas avícolas campesinos (pollo de engorde y gallina ponedora) dentro de la unidad productiva y su aporte a la seguridad alimentaria estudio de caso vereda La pradera, municipio de Duitama, Boyacá
Authors:   , Soler Fonseca Diana Milena
Published: July 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación, analiza la importancia social, cultural y económica de los sistemas de cría de pollo de engorde y gallina ponedora campesina y su aporte en la seguridad alimentaria de pequeños campesinos| el estudio de casos de realizo en 10 familias de la vereda "La Pradera" en el municipio de Duitama, a través del desarrollo de encuestas a amas de casa, jóvenes, niños, ancianos, entre otros integrantes de la familia, visitas a las unidades productivas, mapas de las mismas, entre otras, que surgen alrededor de estos sistemas campesinos| con el fin de determinar su importancia en la seguridad alimentaria de las familias involucradas. Los resultados obtenidos dan evidencia de que los sistemas campesinos de pollo y gallina son importantes en el aporte de alimento y recursos económicos para estas familias, pero que sus bajos recursos económicos y estabilidad del sistema, pueden aumentar la posibilidad de sufrir inseguridad alimentaria al quedar desprovistos de estos sistemas pecuarios tan importantes para su dieta diaria y economía campesina.
La política del arte cuatro casos de arte contemporáneo en Colombia
Authors:   , Yepes Muñoz Rubén Darío
Published: July 2022

Este trabajo se pregunta por las relaciones entre arte y política en el contexto del arte contemporáneo colombiano. Concentrándose sobre cuatro casos específicos del arte contemporáneo en el país (el arte de Doris Salcedo, Fernando Pertuz, Ekolectivo y Ludmila Ferrari), el trabajo indaga los espacios de intervención política y las posibilidades de acción transformativa que han abordado estos artistas plásticos, a la vez que traza, a partir de ellos, espacios posibles de intervención política del arte. Es decir, indaga por el potencial transformativo que pueden tener el tipo de prácticas estéticas e institucionales de principios de nuestro siglo XXI, desembocando en algunas consideraciones para la elaboración de una política del arte.
La marcha LGBT para ampliar el canon de la ciudadanía con las diversidades sexuales
Authors:   , Hurtado Caycedo Claudia Marcela
Published: July 2022

Este trabajo plantea la necesidad de entrelazar sexualidad y ciudadanía. ¿Qué nación celebramos recientemente con motivo del bicentenario? ¿Acaso la nación, en este caso es Colombia?. Estas y otras preguntas levantan el siguiente problema de investigación ¿Cómo ampliar la noción de ciudadanía incluyendo las diversidades sexuales? El objetivo de este trabajo es motivar la potencia de la marcha LGBT para ampliar el canon de la ciudadanía incluyendo las adversidades sexuales. Veo que está marcha tiene la potencia para mostrarnos cómo se entrelazan de manera compleja, cambiante e intencionada la sexualidad y la ciudadanía.
La educación de los sentidos desde el pensamiento de Xavier Zubiri
Authors:   , Antolinez Camargo Rafael Antonio
Published: July 2022

La investigación es una respuesta, desde el pensamiento del filósofo español Xavier Zubiri, a la pregunta: ¿Por qué es importante educar los sentidos? Realiza la superación del dualismo inteligirsentir que ha venido gravitando desde los griegos hasta la actualidad (Platón, Aristóteles, Platino, San Agustín, Descartes, Locke, Kant, Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre), proponiendo la unidad radical de estos dos actos en la inteligencia sentiente. Estudia los modos de presentación de la realidad en el sentir intelectivo y en la intelección sentiente| la estructura modal, transcendental y la unidad de la impresión de realidad en la obra de Zubiri. Reflexiona sobre la educación, como exigencia de realización del hombre, fundada en la sensibilidad y en la inteligencia (inteligencia sentiente).
La vuelta de Jesús a los discípulos. Los rostros de la parusía en el cuarto evangelio
Authors:   , Noratto Gutiérrez José Alfredo
Published: July 2022

Explora la riqueza de concepciones cristológicas y escatológicas subyacentes al lenguaje de la Parusía, en los textos de la tradición literaria y teológica del cuarto evangelio. Su originalidad y novedad están representadas por la forma como se han articulado las distintas referencias a la segunda venida del Seño, con la intención de explicar los distintos horizontales escatológicos y captar el enorme potencial hermenéutico, en su dimensión epifánica, y su extensión en el lenguaje implícito, representado especialmente por los verbos de visión, conocimiento y revelación, y la paradigmática figura del Paráclito.
Bioética y Hermenéutica : un diálogo para el análisis de problemas contemporáneos
Authors:   , Segovia Baus Galo Ernesto
Published: July 2022

El presente estudio, fenomenológico- interpretativo, trata sobre el diálogo entre Bioética y Hermenéutica, como una manera de recuperar al sujeto autobiográfico frente al predominio de la regla o normatividad en lo trágico de la acción, es decir, cuando los fenómenos morales son complejos y existe una multiplicidad de sentidos. Se pretende abordar un diálogo entre una bioética como sabiduría práctica y la hermenéutica crítica como la identidad narrativa del sujeto ético histórico-social, puente entre el relato y la emocionalidad (intriga) que configura el reconocimiento de nuevas maneras de responsabilidad. Este diálogo ofrece los instrumentos de nuevos criterios para los argumentos e interpretaciones para el análisis de los problemas contemporáneos. Todo lo anterior desde la perspectiva ética del filósofo de la acción francés Paul Ricouer, su intérprete Tomás Domingo Moratalla y el médico-filósofo social Fernando Lolas. Se sostiene que se puede recuperar el sujeto histórico autobiográfico solo desde un horizonte de preguntas por el sentido del ser de la existencia, es decir desde la ontología de la comprensión del existenciario, ser-ahí o Dasein ( exégesis del acto de vida o hermenéutica). Desde la identidad reflexiva hermenéutica de la acción se establece creativamente un proceso de toma de decisión moral o sabiduría práctica, es decir, un juicio moral en situación, donde el criterio de lo justo como el término medio entre lo bueno y lo legal tiene un papel fundamental. Lo anterior supone un juicio reflexivo y no un juicio determinativo. Finalmente queda un horizonte abierto para futuras investigaciones en donde se aplique la hermenéutica crítica para el análisis de políticas públicas de problemas contemporáneos.
La explotación sexual comercial de adolescentes desde la perspectiva de la bioética
Authors:   , Gómez Marín Gabriel Ignacio
Published: July 2022

La explotación sexual comercial de adolescentes (ESCA) es una forma contemporánea de esclavitud, que incluye la trata de personas, el turismo sexual y el uso de menores de edad en pornografía; afecta a los adolescentes en su libertad, autonomía, dignidad y cuidado. Esta situación requiere para su profundidad analítica de una comprensión más completa, desde lo jurídico, lo ético y lo Bioético. A partir de uno de los pensadores más grandes del siglo XX: Michel Foucault (1926-1984) se hace un análisis comparativo de la influencia de las relaciones saber-poder así como de las acciones relacionadas, reflexionando sobre los aspectos conceptuales, el contexto y los antecedentes históricos de la instrumentalización de los adolescentes y su explotación sexual, como peor forma del trabajo adolescente. ¿Por qué la ESCA es un problema que amerita el estudio y la educación en Bioética? Al ser de alcance, sentido y contenido global, la Bioética defiende la dignidad de la vida, propiciando contenidos para educar con el cine y hacer educación permanente buscando cambios de actitudes, descubriendo los valores, la responsabilidad, la conciencia de libertad, la deliberación, la problematización y la autonomía moral para fortalecer en los adolescentes su dignidad humana y evitar que sus cuerpos se conviertan en mercancías por las ideologías totalitarias del consumismo y capitalismo; retomando la prevalencia y universalidad de los derechos de los NNA fundamentados en los normas Nacionales e Internacionales, el Código de la infancia y la adolescencia, los Convenios internacionales de rango Constitucional y la evolución de la Jurisprudencia.
La poesía como experiencia del ser en la meditación de Heidegger sobre el arte
Authors:   , Peña Herrera Javier Orlando
Published: July 2022

El propósito del presente trabajo es examinar de manera juiciosa el lugar de la poesía en la consideración heideggeriana sobre la esencia del arte. Partiendo de la famosa conferencia de 1935-1936 titulada El origen de la obra de arte, intentaremos articular la pregunta general por la esencia del arte con la meditación en torno a la experiencia originaria del ser (Seyn). Esta experiencia es precisamente el lugar de lo poético que acontece en la obra de arte. Para examinar el alcance de esta formulación, tomaremos distancia de cualquier intento de ver en la preocupación de Heidegger por el arte una reactivación de la “estética”, y a su vez indicaremos la necesidad de enmarcar su consideración de lo poético en lo que hemos denominado la constitución onto-mitológica de la poesía, apartándonos así de la histórica constitución onto-teológica de la metafísica. Al señalar que la poesía es asumida en Heidegger como una experiencia del ser, indicaremos el lugar desde el cual debe comprenderse la peculiar posición heideggeriana frente al arte.
Gaining Altitude
Authors: Langston Lee S.
Published: July 2022

Annual surveys of the gas turbine industry began in 1999. Over that time, the industry as a whole has seen steady growth with two large anomalies, including the plunge produced by the COVID-19 pandemic. In both the zoomed in details and the 30,000-foot view, evidence of recovery is readily seen.
Effects of Body Geometry and Propulsion Type on Unmanned Underwater Vehicle Interactions With Marine Vegetation
Authors: Vanessa Anuat G. , Klamo Joseph T. , Pollman Anthony G.
Published: July 2022

Interactions with marine vegetation can disrupt unmanned underwater vehicle missions. Very little information is publicly available about the mechanisms causing these interactions or the consequences of them. This article compares the interactions between three different style underwater vehicles and two different types of marine vegetation. Similar test setups and procedures were used to allow for the direct comparison between REMUS-100, BlueROV2, and GhostSwimmer vehicles. Experimental test runs were conducted at different vegetation densities using either synthetic eelgrass or synthetic giant kelp. The resulting interactions depended on the vegetation type, vegetation density, propulsion mechanism of the vehicle, and vehicle geometry. Synthetic giant kelp caused a multitude of interactions with the dominant ones being interference, blockage, and entanglement with the vehicle body. Collectively, these three interactions occurred 84% of the time on giant kelp runs where an interaction was observed. Eelgrass caused propeller entanglement and even body blockage depending on the unmanned underwater vehicle geometry. In high density eelgrass, we observed that a spinning propulsion mechanism experiences entanglement 100% of the time when at low speed. The use of an oscillating tail for propulsion coupled with a completely streamlined body appears to successfully mitigate adverse marine vegetation interactions.
Compression of Particulate Materials in Wellbore Fractures and Enhancement in the Wellbore Breakdown Limit
Authors: Nguyen Kien , Mehrabian Amin , Bathija Arpita P. , Santra Ashok
Published: July 2022

Fluid loss during subterranean drilling often occurs through fractures that develop or preexist around the wellbore. Particulate additives, known as lost circulation material (LCM), are commonly added to the drilling fluid to mitigate lost circulation. The LCM forms an impermeable agglomerate within the fractures while preventing further tensile failure of the wellbore wall. The outcome is enhancement in the wellbore breakdown limit. A semi-analytical elastic solution is developed to estimate the width of near-wellbore fractures that partially close on the LCM agglomerate. The solution uses stress–strain data from confined compression testing on LCMs. The compression test results are modeled through a modified form of Kawakita’s (1971) powder compaction equation. The developed constitutive model is embedded within the described semi-analytical solution for the wellbore fractures. The solution adopts an incremental loading approach to treat the nonlinearities arising from the characterized LCM constitutive behavior, as well as large deformation of the LCM agglomerate within the partially closed fractures. At each incremental load, the nonlocal stress equilibrium along the fracture length is described via an integral equation. Successive solutions to these integral equations determine the unknown fracture width of partially closed fractures. A competition between the fractures tendency for propagation and the wellbore wall tendency for secondary tensile failure determines the overall stability of the fractured wellbore. Mechanical behavior of the LCM agglomerate under compression is identified as a key parameter that controls both mechanisms, thereby, the gain in breakdown limit of a fractured and LCM-treated wellbore.
Towards Integrated Design and Operation of Complex Engineering Systems With Predictive Modeling: State-of-the-Art and Challenges
Authors: Liu Xinyang , Ghosh Sayan , Liu Yongming , Wang Pingfeng
Published: July 2022

Growing trends towards increased complexity and prolonged useful lives of engineering systems present challenges for system designers in accounting for the impacts of post-design activities (e.g., manufacturing, condition monitoring, remaining life prediction, maintenance, service logistics, end-of-life options, etc.) on system performance (e.g., costs, reliability, customer satisfaction, environmental impacts, etc.). It is very difficult to develop accredited lifecycle system performance models because these activities only occur after the system is built and operated. Thus, system design and post-design decision-making have traditionally been addressed separately, leading to suboptimal performance over the systems lifecycle. With significant advances in computational modeling, simulation, sensing & condition monitoring, and machine learning & artificial intelligence, the capability of predictive modeling has grown prominently over the past decade, leading to demonstrated benefits such as improved system availability and reduced operation and maintenance costs. Predictive modeling can bridge system design and post-design stages and provide an optimal pathway for system designers to effectively account for future system operations at the design stage. In order to achieve optimal performance over the system’s lifecycle, post-design decisions and system operating performance can be incorporated into the initial design with the aid of state-of-the-art predictive modeling approaches. Therefore, optimized design and operation decisions can be explored jointly in an enlarged system design space. This article conducted a literature review for the integrated design and operation of engineering systems with predictive modeling, where not only the predictive modeling approaches but also the strategies of integrating predictive models into the system design processes are categorized. Although predictive modeling has been handled from data-driven, statistical, analytical, and empirical aspects, and recent design problems have started to evaluate the lifecycle performance, there are still challenges in the field that require active investigation and exploration. So, in the end, this article provides a summary of the future directions that encourages research collaborations among the various communities interested in the optimal system lifecycle design.
Shear Fracture Criterion of Advanced High-Strength Steel Based on Stress Triaxiality and Equivalent Strain
Authors: Fu Q. T. , Li D. , Song H. , Liu X. F. , Xu J. C. , Jiang N.
Published: July 2022

Advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) is increasingly used in the automotive industry due to its higher strength and lower weight. The traditional forming limit criterion cannot accurately predict the unique shear fracture of AHSS, so great efforts have been made to develop failure criteria that can predict shear fracture. In this paper, a series of tensile and shear tests for four steel sheets of AHSS are designed, the stress triaxiality and equivalent strain to fracture are solved, and the correlation between them and the performance parameters of steel sheets K and n is studied. In order to study the relationship between stress triaxiality and equivalent strain to fracture in the range of low-stress triaxiality, the Hill'48 orthotropic model and modified Mohr–Coulomb (MMC) fracture model were used to establish tensile and shear fracture models of four dual-phase sheets of steel, simulating and studying the plastic fracture of AHSS. Solving the relevant parameters enriches the stress triaxiality of the four steel types, establishes the relationship between the stress triaxiality and the equivalent strain to fracture, and verifies its correctness through tensile and bending tests and simulations. The results show MMC can accurately predict the fracture of these four dual-phase steels, and the quantitative relationship between stress triaxiality and equivalent strain to fracture of the four dual-phase steels in the low-stress triaxiality range 0–0.3 is similar, which can be established and expressed by the performance parameters of each steel type.
Impact of Solar Intensity on Photovoltaic-Generated Current Harmonics and Transformer Life: A Mathematical Model With Experimental Validation
Authors: Rajput Saurabh Kumar , Dheer Dharmendra Kumar
Published: July 2022

With the rising penetration of photovoltaic (PV) plants on low voltage distribution systems, the generation of current harmonics as well as its impact on transformer operation is a current concern. The present research work develops a mathematical relationship of solar intensity (I(t)) with PV-inverter-generated total harmonic distortion of current (THDi,inv.), and then uses IEEE recommendations to present the impact of THDi,inv. on the life of a three-phase distribution transformer (TPDT). The validation of the presented model is done by real-time data monitoring from a 100-kWp solar roof-top photovoltaic (SRTPV) system, integrated with an 11-kV grid supply through a 63-kVA TPDT in the composite environment of north India. According to the results, decreasing I(t) values from 857 W/m2 to 35 W/m2 raise THDi,inv. from 3.57% to 63.43%. It is also observed that the production of poor THDi,inv. is high in the winter season (daily average = 27.44%) in comparison to their values in the summer season (daily average = 15.21%). For I(t) values less than 315 W/m2, the generation of large THDi,inv. (above 15%) takes place and it increases the loss of life of TPDT by a factor of 6.0.
Numerical Simulations of a Lifted Hydrogen Jet Flame Using Flamelet Generated Manifold Approach
Authors: Xia Yu , Verma Ishan , Nakod Pravin , Yadav Rakesh , Orsino Stefano , Li Shaoping
Published: July 2022

A turbulent lifted H2/N2 jet flame in a vitiating coflow environment is numerically investigated, using the Flamelet generated manifold (FGM) combustion model with large eddy simulations (LES). Due to the hot vitiated H2/air coflow, the primary stabilization mechanism is the auto-ignition followed by a premixed flame. In addition to using H2 as a fuel, this flame poses two other modeling challenges: (i) the auto-ignition, which is a transient chemistry-driven phenomenon; (ii) the existence of multiple combustion regimes, e.g., diffusion at auto-ignition location but premixed in the postflame. A series of LES/FGM simulations are completed in this work by reducing the coflow temperature from 1045 K to 1000 K. The FGM model can predict the characteristics of the flame by showing a lifted flame. It also accurately predicts the trend in the flame lift-off distance with a change in the coflow temperature. The current results are compared for mixture fraction, temperature, and OH mass fraction at multiple locations, which have also been correctly captured. It is noted that for a high coflow temperature (and hence a low lift-off distance), the flame's lift-off is highly sensitive to the inlet boundary conditions and the mesh resolution near the jet entry. A relatively coarse mesh is used for all the simulations, which is generated using a careful strategy that not only resolves the jet instabilities near the fuel inlet but also keeps the overall mesh count low and allows for a large computational time step. A systematic sensitivity analysis of the computational speed is also performed. This work provides some useful guidelines for simulating the H2 diluted flames using the FGM model, which may be valuable to the gas turbine industry.
Don’t Throw the Baby Out With the Bathwater: Talent in Swimming Sprinting Events Might Be Hidden at Early Age
Authors: Brustio Paolo Riccardo , Cardinale Marco , Lupo Corrado , Boccia Gennaro
Published: July 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the career performance progression of elite early- and later-success international swimmers competing in sprint events (ie, 50 and 100 m). Methods: The career performance trajectories of 6003 swimmers (50.9% females; 58,760 unique records) competing in the 4 swimming strokes were evaluated. Swimmers with early and later success were identified. The authors identified the top 50 all-time swimmers competing in junior career who did not reach the top 50 rankings in their senior career, and vice versa, and successful swimmers in both junior and senior career. Results: Early-success swimmers mainly achieved their peak performance before the age of 20 years and approximately 5–6 years before successful senior swimmers or approximately 3–4 years before successful swimmers both in junior and senior careers. The annual performance improvements of later-success swimmers were higher (about 1%–2%) until the age of 20 to 24 years, whereas early-success swimmers showed a performance stagnation at about 16 to 18 years in females and 19 to 20 years in males. Conclusions: Early-success swimmers who achieved peak performance at a young age were unable to maintain the same level of competitiveness in adulthood as they experienced a plateau in performance from the age of 20 years. The procedure of considering early performances solely for talent identification (and not the current rate of progression) might represent a limited approach for selecting future elite swimmers. Our results indicate that performance progression in the transition toward adult careers might be a strong indicator of performance potential.
Interaction with TopBP1 Is Required for Human Papillomavirus 16 E2 Plasmid Segregation/Retention Function during Mitosis
Authors: Prabhakar Apurva T. , James Claire D. , Das Dipon , Fontan Christian T. , Otoa Raymonde , Wang Xu , Bristol Molly L. , Morgan Iain M.
Published: July 2022

HPV16 causes 3% to 4% of all human cancers. It is proposed that during the viral life cycle, the viral genome is actively segregated into daughter nuclei, ensuring viral replication in the subsequent S phase.
Coastal Transient Niches Shape the Microdiversity Pattern of a Bacterioplankton Population with Reduced Genomes
Authors: Chu Xiao , Wang Xiaojun , Cheung Lok Shan , Feng Xiaoyuan , Ang Put , Lee Shing Yip , Crowe Sean A. , Luo Haiwei
Published: July 2022

Prokaryotic species, defined with operational thresholds, such as 95% of the whole-genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) or 98.7% similarity of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, commonly contain extensive fine-grained diversity in both the core genome and the accessory genome. However, the ways in which this genomic microdiversity and its associated phenotypic microdiversity are organized and structured is poorly understood, which disconnects microbial diversity and ecosystem functioning.
Deciphering the Mechanisms Shaping the Plastisphere Microbiota in Soil
Authors: Sun Yuanze , Shi Jia , Wang Xiang , Ding Changfeng , Wang Jie
Published: July 2022

The increasing pervasive microplastic pollution is creating a new environmental compartment, termed plastisphere. Even though there was conclusive information characterizing the plastisphere, the underlying mechanisms shaping the bacterial communities in the plastisphere in the soil remain unclear.
From Glaciers to Refrigerators: the Population Genomics and Biocontrol Potential of the Black Yeast Aureobasidium subglaciale
Authors: Zajc Janja , Černoša Anja , Sun Xiaohuan , Fang Chao , Gunde-Cimerman Nina , Song Zewei , Gostinčar Cene
Published: July 2022

After harvest, fruits are often stored at low temperatures to prolong their life. However, despite the low temperatures, much of the fruit is lost to rot caused by a variety of fungi, resulting in major economic losses and food safety risks.
Evaluation of the Aptima HBV Quant Assay Compared to Abbott RealTime M2000 HBV Quant Assay and Procleix Ultrio Plus dHBV Assay in Plasma Samples
Authors: Yan Ying , Chang Le , Ji Huimin , Han Yang , Wang Lunan
Published: July 2022

The Aptima HBV Quant assay (Hologic Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) is a dual-target real-time transcription-mediated amplification (RT-TMA) assay. This study aims to evaluate whether this assay is suitable for HBV DNA detection.
Supplemental Material: New Insights into Feeder Dike Swarms in Scoria Cones and Their Structural Control: A Case Study in the Michoacán-Guanajuato Volcanic Field
Authors: Gómez-Vasconcelos M.G. , al. et
Published: July 2022

 Figures S1 and S2: Field pictures. Figure S3: Ar/Ar plateau age plots. Table S1: Characterization of the dike swarm. 
Turning users into ‘unofficial brand ambassadors’: marketing of unhealthy food and non-alcoholic beverages on TikTok
Authors: Brooks Ruby , Christidis Rebecca , Carah Nicholas , Kelly Bridget , Martino Florentine , Backholer Kathryn
Published: July 2022

Introduction

TikTok has over one billion monthly users and is particularly popular among children. We examined the (1) use of owned media by major unhealthy food and non-alcoholic beverage brands on TikTok and (2) nature of branded hashtag challenges instigated by such brands and the user-generated content created in response.

Methods

We assessed the (1) content of all videos posted on the accounts of 16 top food and non-alcoholic beverage brands (based on global brand share) as at 30 June 2021, and (2) content and sentiment of a sample of brand-relevant user-generated content created in response to branded hashtag challenges instigated by these brands.

Results

Of 539 videos posted by brands, 60% were posted in the first half of 2021. The most common marketing strategies were branding (87% of videos), product images (85%), engagement (31%) and celebrities/influencers (25%). Engagement included instigation of branded hashtag challenges that encouraged creation of user-generated content featuring brands’ products, brands’ videos and/or branded effects. The total collective views of user-generated content from single challenges ranged from 12.7 million to 107.9 billion. Of a sample of 626 brand-relevant videos generated in response to these challenges, 96% featured branding, 68% product images and 41% branded effects. Most portrayed a positive (73%) or neutral/unclear (25%) sentiment, with few negative (3%).

Conclusion

Unhealthy food and non-alcoholic beverage brands are using TikTok to market brands and products via their own accounts and to encourage users to create and share their own content that features branding and product images. Given TikTok’s popularity among children, this study supports the need for policies that protect children from the harmful impact of food marketing on social networking platforms.
Experiences of general practitioners explaining central sensitisation to patients with persistent physical symptoms: a focus group study
Authors: den Boer Carine , Terluin Berend , van der Wouden Johannes C , Blankenstein Annette H , van der Horst Henriëtte E
Published: July 2022

Objective

Patients with persistent physical symptoms (PPS) require an explanation that is acceptable and comprehensible to them. Central sensitisation (CS) is an explanatory model for PPS and chronic pain that has been broadly applied in the context of pain medicine, but, until recently, not by general practitioners (GPs). We explored how GPs used the CS model in their consultations with patients with PPS.

Design and setting

A qualitative focus group study among GPs in the Netherlands.

Methods

We instructed 33 GPs on how to explain CS to patients with PPS. After 0.5–1.5 years of using the CS model, 26 GPs participated in focus groups and interviews to report and discuss their experiences with CS as an explanatory model. Audio recordings were transcribed and two researchers independently analysed the data. The text was coded, codes were organised into themes and discussed until consensus was reached.

Results

We identified eleven themes and grouped these into four categories.

The GPs regarded the CS model as evidence-based, credible and giving recognition to the patient. On the other hand, they found explaining the CS model difficult and time-consuming. They tailored the CS model to their patients’ needs and used multiple consultations to explain the model. The GPs reported that the use of the CS model seemed to improve the understanding and acceptance of the symptoms by the patients and seemed to reduce their need for more diagnostic tests. Furthermore, patients seemed to become more motivated to accept appropriate therapy.

Conclusion

GPs reported that they were able to provide explanations with the CS model to their patients with PPS. They regarded the model as evidence-based, credible and giving recognition to the patient, but explaining it difficult and time-consuming.
Safety, feasibility and initial efficacy of an app-facilitated telerehabilitation (AFTER) programme for COVID-19 survivors: a pilot randomised study
Authors: Capin Jacob John , Jolley Sarah E , Morrow Mary , Connors Meghan , Hare Kristine , MaWhinney Samantha , Nordon-Craft Amy , Rauzi Michelle , Flynn Sheryl , Stevens-Lapsley Jennifer E , Erlandson Kristine M
Published: July 2022

Objectives

Determine the safety, feasibility and initial efficacy of a multicomponent telerehabilitation programme for COVID-19 survivors.

Design

Pilot randomised feasibility study.

Setting

In-home telerehabilitation.

Participants

44 participants (21 female, mean age 52 years) discharged home following hospitalisation with COVID-19 (with and without intensive care unit (ICU) stay).

Interventions

Participants were block randomised 2:1 to receive 12 individual biobehaviourally informed, app-facilitated, multicomponent telerehabilitation sessions with a licenced physical therapist (n=29) or to a control group (n=15) consisting of education on exercise and COVID-19 recovery trajectory, physical activity and vitals monitoring, and weekly check-ins with study staff. Interventions were 100% remote and occurred over 12 weeks.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The primary outcome was feasibility, including safety and session adherence. Secondary outcomes included preliminary efficacy outcomes including tests of function and balance; patient-reported outcome measures; a cognitive assessment; and average daily step count. The 30 s chair stand test was the main secondary (efficacy) outcome.

Results

No adverse events (AEs) occurred during testing or in telerehabilitation sessions; 38% (11/29) of the intervention group compared with 60% (9/15) of the control group experienced an AE (p=0.21), most of which were minor, over the course of the 12-week study. 27 of 29 participants (93%; 95% CI 77% to 99%) receiving the intervention attended ≥75% of sessions. Both groups demonstrated clinically meaningful improvement in secondary outcomes with no statistically significant differences between groups.

Conclusion

Fully remote telerehabilitation was safe, feasible, had high adherence for COVID-19 recovery, and may apply to other medically complex patients including those with barriers to access care. This pilot study was designed to evaluate feasibility; further efficacy evaluation is needed.

Trial registration number

NCT04663945.
Rationale and design of the SARCoidosis Outcomes in all respiratory Viral Infectious Diseases (SARCOVID) Study
Authors: Strykowski Rachel , Patel Divya C , Neto Manny Ribeiro , Hena Kerry M , Gulati Mridu , Maier LIsa A , Patterson Karen
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Respiratory infections are ubiquitous. The COVID-19 pandemic has refocused our attention on how morbid and potentially fatal they can be, and how host factors have an impact on the clinical course and outcomes. Due to a range of vulnerabilities, patients with sarcoidosis may be at higher risk of poor outcomes from respiratory infections. The objective of the SARCoidosis Outcomes in all respiratory Viral Infectious Diseases (SARCOVID) Study is to determine the short-term and long-term impacts of respiratory viral illnesses (COVID-19 and non-COVID-19) in sarcoidosis.

Methods and analysis

Up to 20 clinical sites across the USA are participating in the recruitment of 2000 patients for this observational, prospective study. To ensure that the study cohort is representative of the general population with sarcoidosis, participating sites include those dedicated to reaching under-represented minorities or patients from non-urban areas. Baseline data on demographic features, comorbidities, sarcoidosis characteristics and pre-enrolment lung function will be captured at study entry. During this 3-year study, all acute respiratory infectious events (from SARS-CoV-2 and any other respiratory pathogen) will be assessed and recorded at quarterly intervals. The level of required medical care and survival outcomes determine infection severity, and the impact of infection on quality of life measures will be recorded. Post-infection lung function and imaging results will measure the long-term impact on the trajectory of sarcoidosis. Patients will be analysed according to the clinical phenotypes of cardiac and fibrotic pulmonary sarcoidosis. Control groups include non-infected patients with sarcoidosis and patients with non-sarcoidosis interstitial lung disease.

Ethics and dissemination

Each site received local institutional review board approval prior to enrolling patients, with the consent process determined by local institution standards. Data will be published in a timely manner (goal <12 months) at the conclusion of the 3-year follow-up period and will be made available upon request.
CCL17 exerts neuroprotection through activation of CCR4/mTORC2 axis in microglia after subarachnoid haemorrhage in rats
Authors: Zhang Anke , Liu Yibo , Xu Houshi , Zhang Zeyu , Wang Xiaoyu , Yuan Ling , Lenahan Cameron , Zhang Chuan , Jiang Junkun , Fang Chaoyou , Fang Yuanjian , Zhang Jianmin , Chen Sheng
Published: July 2022

Background and purpose

C-C motif chemokine ligand 17 (CCL17) presents an important role in immune regulation, which is critical in the pathophysiology of brain injury after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). There is rare evidence to illustrate the function of CCL17 towards SAH. In this study, we try to reveal the therapeutic effects of CCL17 and its underlying mechanism in rat SAH model.

Methods

SAH rat models were assigned to receive recombinant CCL17 (rCCL17) or phosphate buffer saline (PBS). AZD2098 and JR-AB2-011 were applied to investigate the C-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4)/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) axis in CCL17-mediated neuroprotection. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, the in vitro kinase assay was performed in primary microglia. Microglial-specific Rictor knockdown was administered via intracerebroventricular injection of adenovirus-associated virus. Brain water content, short-term neurobehavioural evaluation, western blot analysis, quantitative RT-PCR and histological staining were performed.

Results

The expression of CCL17 was increased and secreted from neurons after oxyhaemoglobin stimulation. Exogenous rCCL17 significantly alleviated neuronal apoptosis, and alleviated short-term neurofunction after SAH in rats. In addition, rCCL17 increased M2-like polarisation of microglia in rats post-SAH and in primary microglia culture. The neuroprotection of rCCL17 was abolished via inhibition of either CCR4 or mTORC2.

Conclusion

CCL17 activated the CCR4/mTORC2 axis in microglia, which can alleviate SAH-induced neurological deficits by promoting M2-like polarisation of microglia.
A modified p–y model of single pile in coral sand under lateral load
Authors: Wang Chunyan , Liu Jianyu , Chen Zhixiong , Jiang Chunyong , Ding Xuanming
Published: July 2022

This study addressed the characteristics of lateral pile–soil interactions in coral sand foundation using a series of direct shear, triaxial, and model pile tests. Through the comprehensive analysis of the stress state of the coral sand around pile, it was found that the soil resistance is mainly dominated by frontal squeezing resistance. Accordingly, the framework of the modified p–y model was determined, namely the function type, exponents of depth term, and the mark of entering the plastic state. The modified p–y model adopts a normalized dimensionless form, and it is composed of the first nonlinear segment represented by the power function and the plastic state at large displacements represented by a straight line. The final p–y model was calibrated using the results of the model pile test. Subsequently, the validity of the modified p–y model was verified by the experimental results of this study and other researchers. The soil reactions and pile responses predicted by the modified p–y model were in a reasonable agreement with the measured data. Finally, the modified p–y model was compared with the existing p–y models, thus confirming its rationality and applicability.
Jet flavour tagging for future colliders with fast simulation
Authors: Bedeschi Franco , Gouskos Loukas , Selvaggi Michele
Published: July 2022

Jet flavour identification algorithms are of paramount importance to maximise the physics potential of future collider experiments. This work describes a novel set of tools allowing for a realistic simulation and reconstruction of particle level observables that are necessary ingredients to jet flavour identification. An algorithm for reconstructing the track parameters and covariance matrix of charged particles for an arbitrary tracking sub-detector geometries has been developed. Additional modules allowing for particle identification using time-of-flight and ionizing energy loss information have been implemented. A jet flavour identification algorithm based on a graph neural network architecture and exploiting all available particle level information has been developed. The impact of different detector design assumptions on the flavour tagging performance is assessed using the FCC-ee IDEA detector prototype.
Braneworld cosmological effect on freeze-in dark matter density and lifetime frontier
Authors: Baules Victor , Okada Nobuchika , Okada Satomi
Published: July 2022

In the 5-dimensional braneworld cosmology, the Friedmann equation of our 4-dimensional universe on a brane is modified at high temperatures while the standard Big Bang cosmology is reproduced at low temperatures. Based on two well-known scenarios, the Randall–Sundrum and Gauss–Bonnet braneworld cosmologies, we investigate the braneworld cosmological effect on the relic density of a non-thermal dark matter particle whose interactions with the Standard Model particles are so weak that its relic density is determined by the freeze-in mechanism. For dark matter production processes in the early universe, we assume a simple scenario with a light vector-boson mediator for the dark matter particle to communicate with the Standard Model particles. We find that the braneworld cosmological effect can dramatically alters the resultant dark matter relic density from the one in the standard Big Bang cosmology. As an application, we consider a right-handed neutrino dark matter in the minimal $$B-L$$

B
-
L

extended Standard Model with a light $$B-L$$

B
-
L

gauge boson ($$Z^\prime $$

Z
′

) as a mediator. We find an impact of the braneworld cosmological effect on the search for the long-lived $$Z^\prime $$

Z
′

boson at the planned/proposed Lifetime Frontier experiments.
Global theory of graded manifolds
Authors: Vysoký Jan
Published: July 2022

A theory of graded manifolds can be viewed as a generalization of differential geometry of smooth manifolds. It allows one to work with functions which locally depend not only on ordinary real variables, but also on [Formula: see text]-graded variables which can either commute or anticommute, according to their degree. To obtain a consistent global description of graded manifolds, one resorts to sheaves of graded commutative associative algebras on second countable Hausdorff topological spaces, locally isomorphic to a suitable “model space”. This paper aims to build robust mathematical foundations of geometry of graded manifolds. Some known issues in their definition are resolved, especially the case where positively and negatively graded coordinates appear together. The focus is on a detailed exposition of standard geometrical constructions rather than on applications. Necessary excerpts from graded algebra and graded sheaf theory are included.
ON RITZ APPROXIMATION FOR A CLASS OF FRACTIONAL OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEMS
Authors: FIROOZJAEE MOHAMMAD ARAB , JAFARI HOSSEIN , JOHNSTON SARAH JANE , BALEANU DUMITRU
Published: July 2022

We apply the Ritz method to approximate the solution of optimal control problems through the use of polynomials. The constraints of the problem take the form of differential equations of fractional order accompanied by the boundary and initial conditions. The ultimate goal of the algorithm is to set up a system of equations whose number matches the unknowns. Computing the unknowns enables us to approximate the solution of the objective function in the form of polynomials.
Surface birefringence in FTO thin film fabricated by ultrafast laser
Authors: Chen Long , Yang Jian , Zhang Fengzhuo , Zhang Yuchan , Jiang Qilin , Cao Kaiqiang , Jia Tianqing
Published: July 2022

Ultrafast laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs) have been studied intensely in the last two decades, which have become a useful method for surface nanostructures and are widely used to tune surface properties. This paper reported the fabrication of high-spatial-frequency LIPSSs (HSFLs) on FTO film induced by 1,030[Formula: see text]nm femtosecond laser. The morphology, duty cycle and birefringence effects of HSFLs were studied in detail by changing the laser fluence and scanning speed. Clear and uniform HSFLs were formed over the entire ablated area when the laser fluence and scanning speed were 89[Formula: see text]mJ/cm2 and 0.01[Formula: see text]mm/s, respectively. The duty cycle of the HSFL was measured to be as high as 0.36, and the thickness of the HSFL layer was found to be in the range of 409–546[Formula: see text]nm. The phase retardation of the FTO film with HSFLs could reach up to 96[Formula: see text]nm and could be used as an optical attenuator with a tunable range of 71–100% for 532[Formula: see text]nm linear polarized light.
VALUATION OF GENERAL CONTINGENT CLAIMS WITH SHORT SELLING BANS: AN EQUAL-RISK PRICING APPROACH
Authors: MA GUIYUAN , ZHU SONG-PING , GUO IVAN
Published: July 2022

This paper studies the valuation of general contingent claims with short selling bans under the equal-risk pricing (ERP) framework proposed in I. Guo & S.-P. Zhu (2017) [Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 76, 136–151]. In existing literature, analytical pricing formulae were derived in the special case, where the payoff function is monotonic under risk-neutral measures. In this paper, we establish a unified framework for this new pricing approach so that its range of application can be significantly expanded. The results of I. Guo & S.-P. Zhu (2017) [Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 76, 136–151] are extended to the case of non-monotonic payoffs (such as a butterfly spread option) under risk-neutral measures. We also provide numerical schemes for computing equal-risk prices under other measures such as the original physical measure. Furthermore, we demonstrate how short selling bans can affect the valuation of contingent claims by comparing equal-risk prices with Black–Scholes prices.