bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inkblots as a cultural phenomenon: On the centenary of the Rorschach test
Authors: Hunca-Bednarska Anna
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Approved or not, the Hermann Rorschach test can be considered more than just a test to a clinical trial. Reflection on it as a broader phenomenon may yield what is the most valuable: better knowledge of human nature.

Objective

This article aims to present the dual nature of Rorschach's inkblots: as a test of “guessing” the meaning of signs and as a test of perception.

Method

Narrative literature review on the meaning and interpretation of the Rorschach test.

Results

The nature and reception of inkblots. The inkblots have a dual nature: they require visual perception, and at the same time they are signs, whose meanings are extracted in the process of interpretation. This process is largely subject to cultural determinants; it also depends on the structure of stimuli and on their artistic expression.

Charles Sanders Peirce's theory of signs and the sign nature of inkblots. According to Peirce, the interpretation of a sign, as a triadic structure, belongs to the ontic order and is a continuous process, taking place perpetually. Mental interpretation, as it were, follows the ontic dimension and constitutes a kind of reflection of this dimension.

The phenomenology of perception and the interpretation of inkblots. Perception as viewed by Rorschach found its unintended, though strikingly consistent, complement in the philosophy of Maurice Merleau-Ponty. This is particularly clear in the acknowledgment of the role of the body in perception and in emphasis placed on the active and dynamic nature of the subject–object relationship.

Rorschach and Merleau-Ponty vs. Peirce: similarities and differences. The seemingly completely different ways of understanding interpretation in Peirce's semiotics (indirect cognition) and in Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology (direct cognition), actually show important similarities. I draw attention to the ontic dimension of interpretation and its systemic character, which both philosophers stress, and to the view of interpretation as a perpetual process that is never completed, both in Peirce's semiotics and in Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology.

Conclusion

The semiotic and perceptual nature of the inkblots created by the Swiss psychiatrist reflects two basic and mutually complementary ways in which humans experience the world. This experience has both a psychological and an ontic nature, which makes it possible for an examination using the Rorschach test to become an encounter with an existential dimension.
Serum collected from rats with myocardial infarction increases extracellular matrix accumulation by myofibroblasts isolated from myocardial infarction scar
Authors: Piera Lucyna , Szymański Jacek , Kun Tomasz , Krzymińska Anna , Juszczak Marlena , Drobnik Jacek
Published: January 2022

The effect on extracellular matrix content is believed to be an average of several serum derived compounds acting in opposition. The aim of the study is to determine whether whole serum of rats with myocardial infarction may modify the accumulation of extracellular matrix in cultures of myofibroblasts isolated from the myocardial infarction scar. A second aim is to determine whether the tested serum can also degranulate the mast cells. Serum was collected from rats with sham myocardial infarction, rats with myocardial infarction induced by coronary artery ligation and control animals. The experiments were carried out on myocardial infarction scar myofibroblasts or mast cells from the peritoneal cavity. The cultures were divided into three groups containing eight cultures each: one treated with serum from control rats, from animals after sham operation or from those after myocardial infarction. In all groups, the serum was used at concentrations of 10%, 20% or 30%. The total collagen content (Woesner method) glycosaminoglycan level (Farandale method), cell proliferation (BrdU), histamine secretion from mast cells (spectrofluorymetry), β1 integrin and α-smooth muscle actin expression (flow cytometry) were evaluated. Isolated cells were α-smooth muscle actin positive and identified as myofibroblasts. Serum derived from rats with myocardial infarction increased collagen and glycosaminoglycan content in the cultures and modified myofibroblast proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. The serum also results in an imbalance between collagen and glycosaminoglycan levels. The content of β1 integrin was not influenced by myocardial infarction serum. The serum of rats with myocardial infarction is involved in regulation of collagen and glycosaminoglycan content in myofibroblast cultures, as well as the modification of their proliferation. These changes were not accompanied with integrin β1 density variations. The serum of the myocardial infarction rats did not influence the mast cell degranulation.
The Functionality of Food in Cormac McCarthy's Desert Imaginary, or Abundance and Scarcity in Blood Meridian or the Evening Redness in the West (1985) and The Road (2006)
Authors: Matiu Ovidiu
Published: January 2022

This article analyzes the concept of food in Cormac McCarthy's dystopian, (post-)apocalyptic fiction, aiming to prove that in the American writer's universe the act of eating is deprived of its social and spiritual dimension, being restricted to its basic functionality similar to that of a meal-replacement product. The analysis draws a parallel between the concept of manna in the Exodus and the types of foodstuffs and their functionality in the novels Blood Meridian or the Evening Redness in the West and The Road, showing that food is one of the constituent ingredients of McCarthy's desert imaginary and is interpreted as a crucial weapon in the fight against death and dehumanization.
Affective Refuge in the Work of Samuel Beckett
Authors: Popa Andrei-Bogdan
Published: January 2022

Drawing upon Sara Ahmed's “cultural politics of emotion” and Claire Colebrook's conceptualization of “Cartesian affect,” this article puts forward the notion of affective refuge, a phenomenon which is investigated through an analysis of Samuel Beckett's Watt, Krapp's Last Tape and Ohio Impromptu. First, I highlight the opposing perspectives as well the potential common ground between Ahmed's and Claire Colebrook's theories in order to argue that the thought of affective refuge might actually be defined as the movement away from seeing affect as that which “make[s] us aware of [our] bodily dwelling” (Ahmed 26) and towards recognizing “the Cartesian moment of … never being proximate to one's own body,” as understood by Colebrook in her 2020 essay “Cartesian Affect” (442). I then go on to claim that, in Watt, affective refuge emerges as a reaction to fear, as the protagonist strives to process the surfaces of things and bodies around him via elaborate systems of perception, while in Krapp's Last Tape and Ohio Impromptu, the pain of remorse the characters experience regarding their own grieving practices comes to shatter the remainder of the affective refuge which had unfolded in their relationships to their departed loved ones.
Quercus cerris L.: An Overview
Authors: Najib Rola , Houri Tarek , Khairallah Yara , Khalil Mahmoud
Published: January 2022

The Turkey oak is a frequent tree species in the Mediterranean climate zones of southern Europe and Asia Minor. It has been used in the human diet, for medicinal purposes, firewood and charcoal production. Like all oaks, Turkey oak is suffering from dieback and decline owing to the combination of several detrimental factors, such as insects, diseases and unfavorable environment, leading to their deterioration and sometimes resulting in their early death.
The Forests of Naissaare Island in 1297–1698 in relation to the development of the City of Tallinn, Estonia
Authors: Sander Heldur , Meikar Toivo
Published: January 2022

The article explores the development of the North Estonian city of Tallinn and the history of the forests on Naissaar, the greatest of the four offshore islands, in the 13th–17th century. In 1219, the northern part of Estonia was conquered by King of Denmark Waldemar II, who built a new stone citadel on the site of the former Estonian stronghold on the hill of Toompea. Under the sovereign rule of the King of Denmark, North Estonia became the Duchy of Estonia. Subsequently, the citadel developed into the settlement of Toompea, the seat of the governor and state authority, and the surrounding areas into the settlement of Tallinn. In 1248, Tallinn gained Lübeck city rights. King of Denmark Erik VI Menved’s law of 1297 granted the city of Tallinn and Toompea, i.e., the state, joint use of the insular forests. The law came to be interpreted as the beginning of nature conservation in Estonia, as it was the first law regulating forest use and users. Naissaare forest also served as a landmark for sea vessels. As the state did not interfere with the city’s affairs, the latter saw itself as the sole owner of Naissaare Island. Over the next four centuries, Tallinn exploited the Naissaare forests for various purposes. The city managed the forests with relative economy, but not without conflicts, as the provincial government also contended for the use of Naissaare. In 1689, the state asserted its rule over the islands by reduction. The city of Tallinn was forced to terminate the use of Naissaare forests, with the right of forest use reserved to the state.
Housing in the Animal Enclosure Module Spaceflight Hardware Increases Trabecular Bone Mass in Ground-Control Mice
Authors: Lloyd Shane A. , Ferguson Virginia S. , Simske Steven J. , Dunlap Alexander W. , Livingston Eric W. , Bateman Ted A.
Published: January 2022

During spaceflight, mice are housed in specially designed cages called the Animal Enclosure Module (AEM). Utilization of this flight hardware may affect the skeletal properties of housed animals, independent of microgravity considerations. To address this issue, we studied the effect of 13 days of AEM housing versus standard vivarium enclosure on female C57BL/6J mice (n=12/group). The effects of AEM housing were most pronounced in the trabecular compartment. AEM mice had 44% and 144% greater trabecular bone volume fraction and connectivity density, respectively, versus vivarium. A similar response was seen at the proximal humerus. We noted a decrease in proximal tibia osteoclast surface (-65%) and eroded surface (-73%) for AEM versus vivarium, while tibia trabecular mineralizing surface (MS/BS) was nearly three-fold greater. Surprisingly, there was also decreased osteoblast surface, as well as lower osteoid volume, surface, and thickness at this site. The effects of AEM housing on femur cortical bone were modest: there was greater periosteal MS/BS, with no effect at the endocortical surface, and lower femur stiffness. Taken together, we have demonstrated significant effects of AEM housing on ground control mice, particularly in the trabecular bone compartment. These findings suggest that an early increase in bone formation, perhaps due to altered behavior and loading in this unique housing environment, was followed by decreased bone formation and resorption as the animals adapted to their new environment. Characterization of spaceflight animal housing is critical to elucidating the true effects of microgravity on skeletal parameters and for the proper selection of ground-based controls.
Spaceflight Effects and Molecular Responses in the Mouse Eye: Preliminary Observations After Shuttle Mission STS-133
Authors: Zanello Susana B. , Theriot Corey A. , Ponce Claudia Maria Prospero , Chevez-Barrios Patricia
Published: January 2022

Spaceflight exploration presents environmental stressors including microgravity-induced cephalad fluid shift and radiation exposure. Ocular changes leading to visual impairment in astronauts are of occupational health relevance. The effect of this complex environment on ocular morphology and function is poorly understood. Female 10-12 week-old BALB/cJ mice were assigned to a flight (FLT) group flown on shuttle mission STS-133, Animal Enclosure Module ground control group (AEM), or vivarium-housed (VIV) ground controls. Eyes were collected at 1, 5, and 7 days after landing and were fixed for histological sectioning. The contralateral eye was used for gene expression profiling by RT-qPCR. Sections were visualized by hematoxylin/eosin stain and processed for 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), caspase-3, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and β-amyloid double-staining. 8-OHdG and caspase-3 immunoreactivity was increased in the retina in FLT samples at return from flight (R+1) compared to ground controls, and decreased at day 7 (R+7). β-amyloid was seen in the nerve fibers at the post-laminar region of the optic nerve in the flight samples (R+7). Expression of oxidative and cellular stress response genes was upregulated in the retina of FLT samples upon landing, followed by lower levels by R+7. These results suggest that reversible molecular damage occurs in the retina of mice exposed to spaceflight and that protective cellular pathways are induced in the retina and optic nerve in response to these changes.
Effects of Underwater Arm-Cranking Exercise on Cardiac Autonomic Nervous Activity
Authors: Ono Kumiko , Kuniyoshi H. , Tanigaki Y.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to clarify the beneficial effect of an underwater environment on heart rate (HR) and cardiac autonomic nervous activity (HF) during arm-cranking exercise. Ten healthy young men participated in this study. The arm-cranking exercise (40% peakV̇O2) was performed for 10 minutes under two conditions: in water and in air. After the exercise, a recovery phase for 30 seconds followed. Changes in HR, V̇O2, and HF did not differ between the conditions. The time constant of the heart rate decay for the first 30 seconds after exercise in the water was less than in air. The results suggest that cardiac parasympathetic nervous activity influences earlier recovery of HR after exercise in water. The results of our study suggest underwater exercise may be applied to wider areas of health management for individuals returning from space travel or sedentary patients in simulated microgravity environments.
Development in Altered Gravity Influences Height in Dictyostelium
Authors: Benjaminson Morris A. , Gilchriest James A. , Lehrer Stanley
Published: January 2022

We investigated the effects of altered gravity on the life cycle of Dictyostelium discoideum after and during life-long exposure to one of three altered gravity (g) environments: (1) substrate inverted, parallel to and facing the surface of the Earth; (2) hyper-g; (3) reduced-g. To this end, we measured the height of the final stage of the life cycle, the mature spore-bearing sorocarp. Typically, the sorocarp stands erect and perpendicular to the substrate. In the case of each altered g environment, the control cultures were produced and treated identically to the experimental cultures except for the conditions of their exposure to altered g. Inverted cultures developing and growing in the same direction as the gravity vector had a mean height of 1.84 mm. Their counterpart control cultures had a mean height of 1.64 mm being therefore statistically significantly shorter. Cultures chronically exposed to a hyper (10) g environment produced sorocarps with a mean height of 1.13 mm. These were statistically significantly shorter than their 1 g controls whose mean height was 2.06 mm. Clinorotated (simulated reduced g) sorocarp heights (mean equal to 2.12 mm) were statistically significantly taller compared to their 1 g controls (mean equal to 1.79 mm). The significance level for all the statistical analyses is p < 0.05. Therefore, measurements of the mature stage after life-long exposure to simulated altered gravity show that the final height of the sorocarp is ultimately determined, at least partially, by the gravity environment in which development occurs.
Albumin and Proximal Tubular Cells in Progressive Renal Disease
Authors: Stoian Marilena
Published: January 2022

The presence of albuminuria has long been recognized as an adverse prognostic feature in patients with renal disease. Those patients with appreciable albuminuria are much more likely to develop tubulointerstitial scarring and fibrosis and progress to end-stage renal failure. For many years it was thought that excess albuminuria was simply a marker of a more severe renal disease which was more likely to progress as a result of this severity rather than as a result of the albuminuria itself. This conviction was strengthened by the general assumption that albumin was a benign or inert molecule serving primarily to exert oncotic pressure and act as a carrier within the circulation.

More recently this view has been challenged with the accumulation of evidence suggesting that albumin is able to influence the function of cells with which it makes contact in the manner of a signaling molecule.
Stage 4 COPD, Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease and COVID 19 Infection
Authors: Alina Popa Nicoleta
Published: January 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic disease of the respiratory airways due to partially reversible obstruction of the airflow caused by an abnormal inflammatory response to toxic substances, most often cigarette smoke. COVID-19 is a mild to severe respiratory disease caused by a coronavirus from the genus Betacoronavirus. Chronic cor pulmonale is a severe complication of COPD. Stroke is common in the course of COVID disease,with a major impact on the patient.
Doctoral Students as Future Teachers at Universities: Factors Related to Professional Identity
Authors: Kovalcikiene Kristina , Buksnyte-Marmiene Loreta
Published: January 2022

Doctoral students’ professional identity in higher education institutions is a relevant field of research in the context of education for sustainable development. Higher education institutions face the following challenge: it is very important for the Doctoral students to develop the skills of the researcher during their studies; however, the competencies of the teacher are crucial in order to become part of the higher education institution. Thus, sustainable development of teacher’s professional identity of Doctoral students plays a meaningful role in retaining gifted young scientists at higher education institutions. The article analyzes the psychological, social and academic environmental factors that are important for identification of the teacher’s professional role during Doctoral studies. The sample of the study consisted of 494 Doctoral students from 22 higher education institutions in Lithuania. The study was conducted using Teachers’ Professional Role Identity Scale, Big Five Inventory, Social Support Questionnaire and two scales compiled to measure academic environmental factors. The results revealed that Doctoral students’ external thinking style, personality traits of extraversion and conscientiousness, perceived support of family and friends, material conditions for internships and conferences and other academic environment factors are significant for Doctoral students’ identification with the teacher’s professional role. These results have practical application for Doctoral students’ satisfaction with studies, productivity and career management. This is important for the seeking sustainable development goals of higher education.
Solving Economic Security Issues in the Coordinate System of Modern Risks and Threats
Authors: Kharlamova Ganna , Stavytskyy Andriy , Fedorenko Iryna
Published: January 2022

In today's globalized world, the challenge of the state economic security ensuring is particularly relevant as a priority for the national interests protection from various threats. The analyses of the experience of the European Union and other countries revealed that national economic security ensuring plays a crucial role In securing for the state its geostrategic significance and potential. The article provides a critical analysis of modern threats and risks to economic security from the geostrategic perspective. The paper develops the methodology of the economic security index calculating based on a unified comparison of parameters of economic and social development of all countries, which allowed to move away from signaling approaches and eliminated subjectivity in assessments and following policy recommendations. In contrast to existing methods, the authors’ approach uses geopolitical factors. This tactic allowed taking into account the directions of change in the world and identifying external threats and risks to state economic security. The analysis and comparison of the index of economic security of European countries based on the offered concept are carried out. The countries are clustered based on the economic security index.
Why Generation Z is Redefining the HRM Processes
Authors: Prund Cristina
Published: January 2022

Factors such as globalization and demographic changes have led to major challenges in the processes of human resource management. Based on the literature review, we found that these factors affected the purpose of the HRM processes, leading, at the same time, to a stronger strategic management and to new HRM practices. A major challenge facing companies today is based on generational diversity, which means that more and more generations have joined the labor market and a lot of companies. The interest of researchers and practitioners for this topic has increased considerably because they try to find ways to better understand the characteristics of each generation, which enters the labor market with new needs, values and motivations. The overall purpose of the paper is to identify which are some of the most important characteristics of each generation and also to analyze the impact that the new generation which entered the labour market in the last years or will enter it in the foreseeable future, Generation Z, has on the HRM processes. The methodology used in the study consisted in analyzing secondary data, which arose from international databases and journals, using the methods of analysis, comparison, classification and synthesis. Also, in order to provide an overview of the researched topic, a series of studies, surveys, interviews conducted by specialized companies were reviewed. Through the conducted research we want to show that each new generation that enters the labour market brings certain changes. Also, we want to analyze why it is important that the HRM processes be elaborated and implemented, while taking into account some ways of optimizing and adapting them to the challenges created by the most indispensable resource of a company, the human resource.
Rise and Fall of Human Research and the Improvement of Talent Development in Digital Economy
Authors: Sánchez-Bayón Antonio , Trincado Aznar Estrella
Published: January 2022

This is a critical paper (based in knowledge review & constructivist proposal), under the global economics & cross-cultural management approach, as a comparative research to have an overview of the complex issue, with a bootstrapping method of analysis and some singular cases to illustrate. It offers a balance of the labour relations development into the welfare state economy and the current fall in post-globalization and digital economy. There is a diagnoses of the transition in progress (with the 4th industrial revolution in digital era), from the human resources departments for replicate-workers in traditional bureaucratic corporations, to the emergence of the talent development areas for creative-collaborators in agile business organizations. Also, there are complementary explanations about the transitional context from the gig economy to wellbeing economics (the new stage of digital economy and new challenges for the collaborators).
The Impact of Feminine Management on Banks Financial Performance: Evidence from Selected Countries from Europe
Authors: Tiliuţă Bogdan Andrei , Diaconu Ioana Raluca , Oanea Dumitru Cristian
Published: January 2022

The main purpose of this paper is to fill the gaps in the literature regarding the main determinants of banking system performance. Thus, we studied the banking systems of some EU member states by analyzing the links and influences of women's involvement in the top management team (TMT) on economic performance. We studied the impact of gender diversity (especially the variation of women's involvement in top management) on financial key performance indicators (KPIs) for 134 selected banks from 8 countries, a total of 1060 firm-years, based on data obtained from Bureau van Dijk (BvD) Orbis and World Bank Database. We estimated for each country a regression model, using PLS (panel least squares) empirical setup, based on unbalanced panel data for period 2009-2019. We've determined statistically significant links between the presence of women in the top management team and and the banks' financial KPI (ROA, ROE and NPL). However, we found clues that there is a level of femininity at which there’s an inflection point in terms of the influence on defined KPIs. The empirical results contribute on the literature regarding gender segregation and economic performance of banks, concluding that a more gender-balanced TMT can generate superior banking outcomes.
Strategi pemasaran pada the ritz carlton spa nusa dua bali
Authors: Swandewi Ni Wayan Anik , Sulistyawati Agung Sri , Arismayanti Ni Ketut
Published: January 2022

This research is motivated by tourist visits that do not meet the target of several years such as 2015 and 2017 and the percentage of tourist visits staying at hotels is also very minimal despite several sales promotions. The high average hotel occupancy does not make all tourists staying at The Ritz Carlton Hotel visit the spa. In 2015, only 29.7% of tourists stayed at The Ritz Carlton hotel out of the total hotel occupancy that visited the spa. In 2016 recorded 6.6%, in 2017 recorded 5.9% and in 2018 recorded 6.7% of the total occupancy who visited the spa. Along  with the lack of tourist visits from outside the hotel to the spa. Considering that other five-star hotels in the Sawangan area, The Ritz Carlton hotel is still relatively new. This study aims to determine the internal and external environment and marketing strategies of The Ritz Carlton’s Spa.

          The data analysis technique used in this study was qualitative descriptive analysis and SWOT analysis was assisted by a Likert scale technique. Data collection techniques are obtained from the results of observations, interviews, questionnaires, literature studies and documentation. The informant determination technique used is Purposive Sampling. The sampling technique uses the Slovin formula totaling 100 respondents with accidental sampling as the distribution of the questionnaire.

The results of the study stated that the internal environment contained 9P segmenting, targeting and positioning as well as the marketing mix. The external environment contains political, legal, economic, socio-cultural, technological and media environment factors. The SO strategy is a strategy for creating new treatment programs or healing programs based on Balinese cultural traditions. WO strategy is a strategy to improve the quality of human resources in order to provide maximum service. The ST strategy further introduces the Ritz Carlton Spa brand. WT's strategy is to improve the quality of products and services in order to compete in the market.

 

Keywords: Strategies, Marketing, Spa, Hotel
Strategi promosi destinasi wisata edukasi taman nusa tulikup gianyar
Authors: Amir Firlie Lanovia , Parwati Komang Shanty Muni , Semadi Gusti Ngurah Yoga , Apri Yani Ni Wayan Mega Sari
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi promosi destinasi wisata edukasi yang ada di Taman Nusa Tulikup Gianyar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian awal dari langkah-langkah strategi pengembangan suatu daya tarik wisata dengan tujuan utama wisatawan. Pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah secara kualitatif, dengan mengacu pada teori Promosi dan Teori Destinasi Wisata. Agar tersebar merata, dan mendapatkan data yang komprehensif, fokus penelitian berada pada Taman Nusa di Desa Sidan. Pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah secara kualitatif, dengan mengacu pada teori Promosi dan Teori Destinasi Wisata. Agar tersebar merata, dan mendapatkan data yang komprehensif, fokus penelitian berada pada Taman Nusa di Desa Sidan, Kabupaten Gianyar. Data akan dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, studi kepustakaan  diharapkan, secara akademis, penelitian ini mampu mengkaji dan mengeksplorasi lebih dalam berkenaan dengan latar belakang, pola-pola sosialisasi yang diterapkan, dan implikasinya terhadap masyarakat setempat juga wisatawan khususnya yang berkunjung ke Taman Nusa yang berada di Desa Sidan, Gianyar. Kemudian diharapkan juga dapat menjadi salah satu sumbangan pemikiran dalam pengembangan kepariwisataan yang berbasis budaya yang inovatif, kreatif, dan berkesinambungan.

 

Kata Kunci: Wisata Edukasi, Strategi Promosi, Taman Nusa
Indeks Ekologi dan Status Konservasi Jenis Burung (Avifauna) di Desa Gunaksa dan Beberapa Wilayah di Sekitarnya di Kabupaten Klungkung, Bali
Authors: Wijana I Made Sara , Wijaya I Made Saka , Syahputra M. Rheza Rizki , Widiyavedanta Gde Oka , Congdenjit Egmont , Indrawan Gede Surya , As-syakur Abd. Rahman , Wiradana Putu Angga
Published: January 2022

Kawasan Desa Gunaksa dan beberapa wilayah di sekitarnya di Kabupaten Klungkung, Bali memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai salah satu lokasi ekowisata bertaraf international di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan status jenis burung (Avifauna) di Desa Gunaksa dan beberapa wilayah di sekitarnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah Metode Jelajah (Cruise method) yaitu melakukan penjelajahan jalur yang dapat digunakan untuk mewakili berbagai tipe ekosistem di kawasan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan telah diperoleh sebanyak 46 jenis burung dengan nilai Indeks Kelimpahan Relatif (IKR) tertinggi diperoleh oleh jenis Kuntul Kerbau (Bubulcus ibis) sebesar 9.50% (Dominan). Indeks Ekologi jenis burung menunjukkan kategori Tinggi baik pada Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) (3,16), Indeks kekayaan (R) (7,15), dan Indeks kemerataan (E) (1,87). Jenis Elang tikus, Cerek Jawa, Cikalang Christmas, dan Kipasan Belang termasuk Jenis yang dilindungi berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia Nomor p.106/menlhk/setjen/kum.1/12/2018, sedangkan Cikalang Christmass yang masuk dalam daftar IUCN RedList dengan kategori Critis (CR). Diperlukan upaya konservasi dan partisipasi dari Lembaga pemerintah, akademisi, praktisi, dan masyarakat untuk dapat meningkatkan kepedulian lingkungan di Desa Gunaksa dan beberapa wilayah di sekitarnya demi keberlanjutan avifauna di Kawasan tersebut.
Uji Isolat Bakteri Selulolitik Sebagai Dekomposer Pada Dekomposisi Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit
Authors: Kurniawan Clara Aprilya , Gusmawartati Gusmawartati
Published: January 2022

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) is one of the largest types of solid waste produced by palm oil mills (POM). Each processing of 1 ton of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) produces 220–230 kg of empty fruit bunches (EFB). One of the attempts to overcome the accumulation of EFB is by composting. The main obstacle in composting OPEFB is the process of overhauling, it takes 6-12 months because OPEFB contains 33.02% cellulose, 22.05% hemicellulose and 35.08% lignin. One of the efforts to speed up the composting is using biological treatment by adding microorganisms such as cellulolytic bacteria which are capable in producing cellulase enzymes. The reseach was carried out experimentally using a non-factorial completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of eight treatments, namely B0 (control), B1

 

(Bacillus tequilensis Strain RA 1402), B2 (Bacillus subtilis Strain C17), B3 (Bacillus subtilis Strain SKUASIS) , B4 (Bacillus subtilis Strain DSM 10), B5 (Bacillus subtilis Strain K43), B6 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain KUJM) and B7 (Combined Isolates). The parameters observed were physical properties of compost, weight loss of compost and total of compost microb population. The resultof the research showed that cellulolytic bacteria isolates had a significant effect on weight loss of compost, pH. The combined isolates (B7) is the best treatment in increasing compost material weight, pH. The treatment B7 has the best ability in producing high quality compost which is under the SNI Compost Quality Standard: 19?7030?2004.

 

 

Keyword: Oil palm empty bunches, cellulolytic bacteria, composting.
The Isolasi Aktinomiset Pelarut Fosfat Asal Perakaran Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.) di Antirogo Jember
Authors: Utarti Esti , Alim Saniyah Fatkhul , Setyati Dwi , Sutoyo S
Published: January 2022

Fosfor (P) merupakan makronutrien terpenting kedua yang dibutuhkan tanaman. Fosfat dalam tanah berada dalam bentuk terikat oleh ion Fe3+, Al3+ dan Ca2+ sehingga tidak tersedia bagi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mendapatkan aktinomiset sebagai agen pelarut fosfat dari perakaran tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Jenis penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian eksplorasi yang dilanjutkan dengan pengamatan morfologi secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis isolat pelarut fosfat terbaik. Sampel penelitian diambil dari Desa Antirogo, Kecamatan Sumbersari, Kabupaten Jember. Sampel tanah diambil dari bagian perakaran tanaman tembakau. Isolasi aktinomiset dilakukan dengan metode pengenceran dan disebar pada media SCA. Pemurnian dilakukan pada media ISP-2 atau ISP-4. Uji aktivitas pelarutan fosfat menggunakan media Pikovskaya dan diukur indeks pelarutan fosfatnya. Sebanyak 71 isolat aktinomiset berhasil diisolasi dari tanah perakaran tembakau di daerah Antirogo. Hasil skrining menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 28 isolat (39,4%) dari 71 isolat yang diperoleh, memiliki kemampuan melarutkan fosfat. Lima isolat tertinggi berdasarkan rangking indeks pelarut fosfat terbaik dilakukan karakterisasi morfologi makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Berdasarkan bentuk rantai spora, empat isolat aktinomiset yang memiliki rangking indeks pelarutan fosfat tertinggi termasuk dalam genus Streptomyces.

Kata kunci: aktinomiset, pelarut fosfat, perakaran, Antirogo Jember
Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk Keprok (Citrus reticulata Blanco) So’e Sebagai Teh Tradisional
Authors: Tunmuni Deglory , Astiti Ni Putu Adriani , Sudirga Sang Ketut
Published: January 2022

Tanaman Jeruk Keprok So’e merupakan salah satu tanaman komunitas unggulan masyarakat Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Jeruk keprok So’e digunakan sebagai bahan baku dalam pembuatan sari buah jeruk dan kulitnya belum dimanfaatkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memanfaatkan kulit jeruk keprok So’e sebagai teh tradisional. Parameter yang diamati meliputi golongan senyawa aktif, aktivitas antioksidan, jenis senyawa aktif kulit jeruk keprok So’e serta persepsi masyarakat terhadap teh tradisional kulit jeruk keprok So’e. Metode penelitian dilakukan uji fitokimia secara kualitatif, uji kandungan flavanoid, fenolik, dan tanin dengan spektafotometri, uji antioksidan dengan metode DPPH, uji jenis senyawa aktif dengan GC-MS dan uji organoleptik untuk mengetahui tingkat kesukaan konsumen. Hasil menunjukkan ekstrak kulit jeruk keprok So’e memiliki golongan senyawa aktif yaitu flavanoid, fenolik, tanin, steroid, triterpenoid dan alkaloid dan ekstrak kulit jeruk keprok So’e memiliki kandungan senyawa flavanoid = 253,901 mg/100g QE, fenolik = 61,6099 mg/100g GAE, tanin = 60,0496 mg/100g TAE yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan dengan memiliki nilai IC50 81.811 mg/L yang termasuk dalam kategori antioksidan kuat, serta memiliki berbagai jenis senyawa aktif yaitu fraksi nonpolar terdapat 53 senyawa dan fraksi polar terdapat 46 senyawa aktif dan tingkat kesukaan masyarakat terhadap teh kulit jeruk keprok So’e lebih tinggi pada teh halus dari pada teh kasar.

Kata kunci: Citrus reticulata, fitokimia, DPPH, GC-MS, teh tradisional.
Formulasi Serum Ekstrak Buah Malaka (Phyllanthus emblica) Sebagai Anti Aging
Authors: Pratiwi Rosa Ichi Harum , Arpiwi Ni Luh , Arpiwi Ni Luh
Published: January 2022

Serum merupakan produk cairan sedikit kental yang diaplikasikan pada kulit wajah. Penggunaan serum di kalangan wanita sudah banyak diminati bahkan menjadi salah satu perawatan rutin. Seiring berkembangnya zaman, kini banyak orang yang tidak bertanggungjawab dalam menjual produk serum. Kandungan serum diproduksi dengan bahan kimia yang tidak sesuai dosis atau pun menambahkan bahan aktif yang dapat memicu terjadinya masalah kulit. Beberapa masalah kulit yang timbul yaitu bintik-bintik hitam, garis-garis halus dan penuaan. Mengurangi dampak masalah kulit tersebut, maka dilakukan pembuatan serum berbasis “back to nature” yang mengutamakan bahan herbal sebagai salah satu alternatif formulasi serum yang aman. Salah satu bahan alternatif tersebut yaitu buah malaka (Phyllanthus emblica). Buah malaka dipercaya memiliki kandungan antioksidan yang tinggi sehingga dapat memperlambat penuaan dan dijadikan bahan serum untuk anti aging. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu dengan uji DPPH dan uji fitokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak buah malaka tergolong antioksidan kuat dengan nilai aktivitas antioksidan 143,557%, nilai IC50 sebesar 38,649 ppm, flavonoid sebesar 4,6123%, tanin sebesar 112,21%, vitamin C 27,0625%, aktivitas antioksidan serum F1 0,0008%, F2 0,0121% dan F3 0,0103%. Uji viskositas menunjukkan nilai 15.000 mPars, pH pada serum F1 yaitu 4,79; F2 5,00; F3 5,75. Uji homogenitas serum menunjukkan kehomogenan yang baik dan uji hedonik terhadap 3 sampel serum (F1, F2 dan F3) dengan 30 probandus. Hasil yang paling optimal yaitu serum F3 dengan konsentrasi 1,5 %.
DIAGNOSTICS OF LOCAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS OF A HIGHER MILITARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
Authors:   Budyonny Military Academy of the Signal Corps, Kurdubova V.V.
Published: January 2022

The article contains the results of the study of the educational process in the higher military school from the standpoint of the environmental approach. The educational environment of a military higher educational institution is considered as a combination of several local environments - educational environments of faculties. The article presents the results of the study of two local environments of a military university: the main faculty, which trains Russian cadets and military personnel of the member states of the Collective Security Treaty Organization, and a special faculty, organized for the training of foreign students from countries of near and far abroad. The results of diagnostics of the selected environments are described, which is based on the methods of vector modeling and examination of the psychological and pedagogical organization of the educational environment of V.A. Yasvin school, adapted by the authors for the task of studying the environment of a higher military educational institution. The purpose of the statistical study was to classify the local environments of the main and special faculties of a military university to a certain type, as well as to find and compare the corresponding diagnostic environmental parameters. To implement the typologization, a technique was used based on the assumption that the type of environment is determined by the conditions and capabilities of the educational organization in relation to the development of the student's activity and independence, the diagnostic parameters of the environment characterize the student's development capabilities. As a result of the study for each studied educational local environment of a military university the type was determined and the values of diagnostic parameters were calculated, among which conditionally determined and variable parameters of the environment were identified. It is shown that the local environments of the main and special faculties are of different types, which, from the standpoint of the environmental approach, allows us to conclude that there is a need for a separate design of educational activities for these two faculties. The characteristic environmental parameters, low values of which show the need to correct the content of environmental structural components, in particular, by designing the organization of the educational process using information technologies and using innovative methods of selecting the content of education, have been identified.
METHODOLOGY OF FORMING A STOCHASTIC WORLDVIEW WHILE STUDYING THE SECTION "RANDOM EVENTS. VEROBILITIES"
Authors:   Bunin Yelets State University, Lykova K.G.
Published: January 2022

The article contains general provisions, characterizing the methodology of forming stochastic worldview of high school students. The methodology is carried out in accordance with the developed worldview significant educational material, accompanied by the support of specially selected digital technology, and in accordance with the main stages of the formation of worldview while teaching mathematics. The main stages of the implementation of the holistic process of learning stochasticity are: preparatory, problem-research, implementation and correctional. It is supposed that the methodology of forming stochastic outlook will be most effective if during the learning process students of 10–11 grades have sustainable learning and cognitive motives and motives for self-education, the system of solid subject knowledge of stochastics, the mastery of probabilistic-statistical methods; the change of activities is observed: reproductive to learning and research activity, productive to problem-creative activity. The article argues that the methodology of forming stochastic worldview of high school students, including the support and accompaniment of digital educational technologies, has a positive impact on motivation and cognitive interest to learning, changing attitudes towards stochastics, expanding scientific horizons. Through consistent work with the established stages of the formation of stochastic worldview in teaching mathematics, the realization of the integrity of motivational, value and cognitive constructs is achieved. In this article this process will be considered by studying the section “Random events. Probabilities”. At the first (preparatory) stage the basic concepts of the section are introduced, the skills of their understanding and application in learning activities are developed. At the second (problem-searching) stage the theorems and formulas of the section are examined, tools for problem solving are formed, the understanding of methods of action with stochastic situations is improved. At the third (realization) stage purposeful cognitive-research and problem-creative activity of senior pupils is organized, including development and consolidation of knowledge, abilities and skills of work with stochastic situations. At the fourth (correctional) stage reflexive activity of students is organized, the teacher determines the degree of expression of outlook qualities and reference points of high school students.
ON THE DOGME METHOD OF TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors:   Bunin Yelets State University, Puzatykh A.N.
Published: January 2022

English language teaching has become a global industry where the teaching materials sector is an important component. In many language learning contexts, the textbook is as much an integral part of the school environment as the teacher and students themselves. The textbook itself is usually supplemented by at least a workbook and a DVD. In addition to the textbook, the student is expected to use a variety of teacher-provided handouts in the classroom, and in the digital age will also use a laptop or interactive whiteboard. Therefore, among the professional community, questions have long been raised and continue to be raised about the extent to which educational materials should determine the content of teaching a foreign language, and about the extent to which such ready-made materials really contribute to the creation of an environment of authentic communication. In this context, Thornbury published an article in 2000 challenging the very use of teaching materials in language classes. This is how the term Dogme appeared, which began to be used in the field of teaching foreign languages. He suggested that a foreign language should be taught in the form of authentic communication with minimal reliance on such means as textbooks and the use of information and communication technologies. In such an environment, the students themselves and the teacher are the ones who create the language. Since its inception, the Dogme method has been used by many practicing English teachers around the world. However, it also drew significant criticism from many teachers. This article attempts to review Dogme's approach to teaching English, highlight its advantages and disadvantages, and provide examples of classes based on the Dogme method.
THE CONCEPT OF “PEDAGOGICAL STRATEGY” IN EDUCATION IN RUSSIA AND CHINA
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Feng S.
Published: January 2022

The study systematizes the complex and extensive content of the concept of pedagogical strategy, which not only helps scholars realize its importance as a scientific concept, but also contributes to the improvement of the quality and effectiveness of teaching. The article reveals the essence of the concept of “pedagogical strategy” in the context of educational research in Russia and China, describing several views of the scholars on the content of this concept. It is emphasized that modern views of Russian and Chinese scholars on the concept of “pedagogical strategy” have both some common features and some obvious differences. Based on the analysis the following results are given: the commonality is that the pedagogical strategy has a definite goal and is developed in specific pedagogical conditions to perform a specific teaching task, including the choice of methods of teaching activities, preparation of materials and regulation of teacher and student behavior. The article examines the differences between the views of Russian and Chinese scientists on the essence of the concept of “pedagogical strategy”. In addition, the article discusses the similarities and differences in the interpretation of such concepts as “teaching strategy”, “educational strategy”, “pedagogical strategy”, “learning strategy”, “teaching idea”, “teaching design” and “teaching methodology”. Although the definitions of some of these concepts are different in specific words, they may have similar meanings and can be used as synonyms. At the same time, there are other concepts which names are similar, but they represent completely different phenomena. At the end of the article, the author analyzes several essential features of the concept of pedagogical strategies and points out the important role of this concept in describing the learning system.
1995- 2020 YILLARI ARASINDA ÇEVRE MUHASEBESİ ALANINDA YAPILAN ÇALIŞMALARIN İÇERİK ANALİZİ
Authors: APALI Ali , BEKCİ İsmail , ŞAHİN Şule
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’deki 1995-2020 yılları arasındaki çevre muhasebesini konu alan çalışmaları incelemek ve bu alanda yaşanan gelişmeleri değerlendirmektir. Çalışma amacına yönelik olarak; ulaşılan çalışmaların içeriği, araştırma modelleri ve yazarları hakkındaki bilgileri nitel bir araştırma yöntemi olan içerik analizi tekniği kullanılarak değerlendirilecek ve Türkiye’de çevre muhasebesi alanında gelinen noktanın hangi düzeyde olduğu irdelenecektir. Çalışmanın sonunda araştırmacıların yıllar geçtikçe çevre muhasebesi alanı hakkında daha fazla çalışma yaptığı, bu çalışmalarda en fazla 4 yazarın yer aldığı ve literatürde en çok tek yazarlı çalışmaların bulunduğu, bu yazarların en çok ‘Yrd. Doç. Dr./Dr. Öğretim Üyesi’ unvanına sahip olduğu, çevre muhasebesi alanında en çok doktora/yüksek lisans tezi bulunan üniversitelerin ‘Anadolu Üniversitesi’ ve ‘Marmara Üniversitesi’, en çok bilimsel çalışma yayınlanan dergi ise ‘Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi’ olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca ele alınan makalelerde en çok “çevre muhasebesi”, “çevresel maliyetler” ve “çevre” anahtar kelimelerinin yer aldığı, çalışmaların nitel araştırma modellerinden en çok fenomenoloji modelinin kullanıldığı, ulaşılan makalelerde en fazla uygulama yapılan sektörün ‘çimento sektörü’, en çok uygulama yapılan işletmelerin ‘konaklama ve üretim işletmeleri’ olduğu saptanmıştır. En çok uygulama yapılan illerin Karaman ve Sakarya olduğu ve en çok uygulamaya taraf olanın ‘muhasebe meslek mensupları’ olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.