bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modellgetriebene Entwicklung serviceorientierter Anlagensteuerungen
Authors: Schmidt Jan-Philipp , Zeller Andreas , Weyrich Michael
Published: January 2017

Serviceorientierte Architekturen ermöglichen flexible Steuerungsstrukturen. Allerdings steigt dadurch die Komplexität beim
Engineering der Komponenten des Steuerungsnetzwerks. Im Rahmen dieser Veröffentlichung wird aufgezeigt, dass eine
modellgetriebene Entwicklung kombiniert mit einer wiederverwendbaren, modular-aufgebauten Systemsoftware den Umgang mit
Komplexität beim Engineering vereinfachen kann.
The grammar of temporal motion: A Cognitive Grammar account of motion metaphors of time
Authors: Huumo Tuomas
Published: January 2017

Recent groundbreaking work in cognitive linguistics has revealed the semantic complexity of motion metaphors of time and of temporal frames of reference. In most approaches the focus has been on the clause-level metaphorical meaning of expressions, such as Moving Ego (We are approaching the end of the year) and Moving Time (both Ego-centered, as in The end of the year is approaching and field-based, as in Boxing Day follows Christmas Day). The detailed grammatical structure of these metaphorical expressions, on the other hand, has received less attention. Such details include both elements that contribute to the metaphorical meaning and those that have a non-metaphorical temporal function, e. g., tense and (central features of) aspect. I propose a model for the analysis of metaphorical expressions, building on earlier work in Conceptual Metaphor Theory and the framework of Cognitive Grammar (CG). I approach the grammatical structure of metaphorical expressions by analyzing the interplay between veridical and metaphorical systems of expressing temporal relations. I argue that these systems relate to two relevant conceptualizations of time. Veridical time (VT) is the non-metaphorical conceptualization of time, where the processual profile of the clause-level metaphorical expression resides. A metaphorical path (MP) is the metaphorical conceptualization of time as a path occupied by the metaphorical motion. A motion metaphor of time tracks the mover’s changing position on the MP against VT. I show how metaphorical expressions based on a motion verb differ from those based on a prepositional construction in grammatical and semantic terms, and how tense and aspect contribute to the conceptualization of the motion scenario. I argue that tense grounds the metaphorical motion event with respect to the speech event. All the participants in the motion event, as well as the metaphorical path itself, are present in each subsequent configuration tracked against VT by the conceptualizer. Thus tense has a wide scope over the motion scenario with Ego’s ‘now’ as a reference point, while Ego’s ‘now’ cannot serve for grounding of tense. This is why expressions such as *The meeting is difficult ahead of us are not acceptable.
Modulated Magneto-Thermal Response of La0.85Sr0.15MnO3 and (Ni0.6Cu0.2Zn0.2)Fe2O4 Composites for Thermal Energy Harvesters
Authors: Song Hyun-Cheol , Maurya Deepam , Chun Jinsung , Zhou Yuan , Song Myung-Eun , Gray David , Yamoah Nana Kwame , Kumar Dhananjay , McDannald Austin , Jain Menka , Priya Shashank
Published: January 2017

The magneto-thermoelectric generator (MTG) converts wasted thermal energy into electrical energy in two steps. The first step involves thermal to mechanical energy conversion through balance of magnetic and elastic forces and the second step involves mechanical to electrical energy conversion through piezoelectric effect. The requirements for soft magnetic material in improving the efficiency of first step were identified and met through the design of a composite architecture. The Curie temperature of La(1–x)SrxMnO3 can be engineered to be near room temperature by modifying the Sr content. Composite of La0.85Sr0.15MnO3 (LSMO) and Ni0.6Cu0.2Zn0.2Fe2O4 (NCZF) was found to exhibit high saturation (Ms) and remnant (Mr) magnetization magnitude while maintaining the soft magnetic nature. Two-step sintering was found to prevent the inter-diffusion of LSMO and NCZF phases and provided high density without grain growth. The LSMO-NCZF (70:30 wt%) composite exhibited a large variation in Ms with respect to the change in temperature near Curie temperature which meets the requirements for efficient operation of MTG. The fabricated MTG using LSMO-NCZF (70:30 wt%) composite reached 0.2 Hz operational frequency and generated electrical output voltage of 2 Vp–p and peak power of 17 µW under the thermal gradient of 80 °C (0 °C/80 °C).
Stability and Bioaccessibility of Fucoxanthin in Nanoemulsions Prepared from Pinolenic Acid-contained Structured Lipid
Authors: Huang Zhenghua , Xu Liqing , Zhu Xuemei , Hu Jiangning , Peng Hailong , Zeng Zheling , Xiong Hua
Published: January 2017

Fucoxanthin intake has been correlated with the functions of anti-obesity and anti-oxidation, but applications of it in functional food or dietary supplements are still challenging due to its poor water-solubility, chemical instability, and low bioavailability. In this work, to study physicochemical and biological properties of fucoxanthin nanoemulsions, we investigated the influence of emulsion particle diameter on the stability of fucoxanthin during storage time and bioaccessibility in-vitro digestion. The structured lipid that enriched pinolenic acid at sn-2 position was chosen as the oil phase and the fucoxanthin oil-in-water nanoemulsions with droplet diameters of 344, 173, and 98 nm were prepared through a high-pressure microfluidizer. Then fucoxanthin emulsions were stored for 28 days at 4, 37, and 55 °C. Results showed that the physical stabilities of droplets were decreased with increases in the initial size and storage temperature, while the change of fucoxanthin retention indicated that fucoxanthin chemical stability was improved with increasing emulsion particle size. The augmentation of lipolysis and the value of free fatty acids (FFA) released in vitro digestion proved that digestion stability of fucoxanthin emulsion reduced with decreasing initial particle diameter, which was probably attributed to the increased surface area interacting with pancreatic lipase with decreasing droplet size. In addition, the concentrations of fucoxanthin in micelle phase were appreciable increased as droplet size decreased. Therefore, the bioaccessibility of fucoxanthin was improved. These results may benefit the optimization of an emulsion-based delivery system for fucoxanthin in food applications.
Effect of sleep disorders on threatened premature delivery
Authors: Ota Hajime , Hasegawa Junichi , Sekizawa Akihiko
Published: January 2017

Aim:

The present observational study aimed to clarify the effects of sleep disorders on threatened premature delivery, especially preterm uterine contraction.

Methods:

The participants included 122 healthy singleton pregnant women. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index was used to evaluate the quality of sleep during the previous month at the initial examination and at 16, 24, and 32 weeks of gestation; scores >5 indicate poor sleep. Threatened premature delivery was defined as preterm uterine contraction >6 times/h and requiring tocolytic therapy before 37 weeks of gestation. We analyzed the relationship between poor sleep and threatened premature delivery.

Results:

Poor sleep affected 27% (n=33) at the initial examination, 34% (n=41) at 16 weeks, 37% (n=45) at 24 weeks, and 41% (n=50) at 32 weeks of gestation. There were 23 patients (19%) with threatened premature delivery. Poor sleep affected 35% and 25% of patients with threatened and non-threatened premature delivery at the initial examination, respectively, 52% and 29% at 16 weeks, 48% and 34% at 24 weeks, and 43% and 40% at 32 weeks of gestation.

Conclusions:

Sleep disorders at 16 weeks of gestation were the most significantly associated with threatened premature delivery.
Hepatitis C in Cameroon: What is the progress from 2001 to 2016?
Authors: Tietcheu Galani Borris Rosnay , Njouom Richard , Moundipa Paul Fewou
Published: January 2017

Chronic hepatitis C is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan countries and particularly in Cameroon where the prevalence rate is around 7.6% in the age group of 55–59 years. Recent investigations into this infection allowed defining a national seroprevalence, characterizing virological and biological profiles of infected patients and identifying medicinal plants of potential interest in hepatitis C therapy. However, in Cameroon, no existing report currently presents a good overview of hepatitis C research in relation to these parameters. This review seeks to discuss major findings published since 2001 that have significantly advanced our understanding of the epidemiology and treatment of hepatitis C in Cameroonian patients and highlight the major challenges that remain to overcome. We performed a systematic search in Pubmed and Google Scholar. Studies evaluating prevalence, treatment, coinfection, and genetic diversity of HCV infection in Cameroon were included. Studies suggest that HCV prevalence in Cameroon would be low (around 1.1%) with a lot of disparities according to regions and age of participants. Elders, pregnant women, blood donors, health care workers, patients on hemodialysis, and homozygous sickle cell patients have been identified as risk groups. Moreover, HCV/HBV coinfection was found more prevalent than HCV/HIV coinfection. Phylogenic studies reported circulation of three main genotypes such genotypes 1, 2, and 4 but little is known about antiviral candidates from the Cameroonian pharmacopeia. In conclusion, some epidemiological data prove that hepatitis C in Cameroon is well known but efforts are still necessary to prevent or control this infection.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and photoluminescence of a dumbbell-like sodium dicyanamide compound with 15-crown-5
Authors: Liu Xi , Ru Wen-Juan , Zhao Zhen
Published: January 2017

Gaseous diffusion of n-hexane into the reaction mixture of sodium dicyanamide NaN(CN)2 with 15-crown-5 in tetrahydrofuran leads to a sodium dicyanamide compound [Na(15-crown-5)]N(CN)2 (1). Compound 1 exhibits a centrosymmetric dumbbell-like structure constructed by dicyanamide ligands double-bridging [Na(15-crown-5)]+ moieties with a μ-1,5 coordination mode. Solid-state photoluminescence experiments have shown that compound 1 emits violet luminescence, and its possible emission mechanism was investigated in detail based on theoretical calculations.
Functional Organization of Cutaneous and Muscle Afferent Synapses onto Immature Spinal Lamina I Projection Neurons
Authors: Li Jie , Baccei Mark L.
Published: January 2017

It is well established that sensory afferents innervating muscle are more effective at inducing hyperexcitability within spinal cord circuits compared with skin afferents, which likely contributes to the higher prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal pain compared with pain of cutaneous origin. However, the mechanisms underlying these differences in central nociceptive signaling remain incompletely understood, as nothing is known about how superficial dorsal horn neurons process sensory input from muscle versus skin at the synaptic level. Using a novelex vivospinal cord preparation, here we identify the functional organization of muscle and cutaneous afferent synapses onto immature rat lamina I spino-parabrachial neurons, which serve as a major source of nociceptive transmission to the brain. Stimulation of the gastrocnemius nerve and sural nerve revealed significant convergence of muscle and cutaneous afferent synaptic input onto individual projection neurons. Muscle afferents displayed a higher probability of glutamate release, although short-term synaptic plasticity was similar between the groups. Importantly, muscle afferent synapses exhibited greater relative expression of Ca2+-permeable AMPARs compared with cutaneous inputs. In addition, the prevalence and magnitude of spike timing-dependent long-term potentiation were significantly higher at muscle afferent synapses, where it required Ca2+-permeable AMPAR activation. Collectively, these results provide the first evidence for afferent-specific properties of glutamatergic transmission within the superficial dorsal horn. A larger propensity for activity-dependent strengthening at muscle afferent synapses onto developing spinal projection neurons could contribute to the enhanced ability of these sensory inputs to sensitize central nociceptive networks and thereby evoke persistent pain in children following injury.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe neurobiological mechanisms underlying the high prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal pain remain poorly understood, in part because little is known about why sensory neurons innervating muscle appear more capable of sensitizing nociceptive pathways in the CNS compared with skin afferents. The present study identifies, for the first time, the functional properties of muscle and cutaneous afferent synapses onto immature lamina I projection neurons, which convey nociceptive information to the brain. Despite many similarities, an enhanced relative expression of Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors at muscle afferent synapses drives greater LTP following repetitive stimulation. A preferential ability of the dorsal horn synaptic network to amplify nociceptive input arising from muscle is predicted to favor the generation of musculoskeletal pain following injury.
MAP7 Regulates Axon Collateral Branch Development in Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons
Authors: Tymanskyj Stephen R. , Yang Benjamin , Falnikar Aditi , Lepore Angelo C. , Ma Le
Published: January 2017

Collateral branches from axons are key components of functional neural circuits that allow neurons to connect with multiple synaptic targets. Like axon growth and guidance, formation of collateral branches depends on the regulation of microtubules, but how such regulation is coordinated to ensure proper circuit development is not known. Based on microarray analysis, we have identified a role for microtubule-associated protein 7 (MAP7) during collateral branch development of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons. We show that MAP7 is expressed at the onset of collateral branch formation. Perturbation of its expression by overexpression or shRNA knockdown alters axon branching in cultured DRG neurons. Localization and time-lapse imaging analysis reveals that MAP7 is enriched at branch points and colocalizes with stable microtubules, but enters the new branch with a delay, suggesting a role in branch maturation. We have also investigated a spontaneous mutant mouse that expresses a truncated MAP7 and found a gain-of-function phenotype bothin vitroandin vivo. Further domain analysis suggests that the amino half of MAP7 is responsible for branch formation, suggesting a mechanism that is independent of its known interaction with kinesin. Moreover, this mouse exhibits increased pain sensitivity, a phenotype that is consistent with increased collateral branch formation. Therefore, our study not only uncovers the first neuronal function of MAP7, but also demonstrates the importance of proper microtubule regulation in neural circuit development. Furthermore, our data provide new insights into microtubule regulation during axonal morphogenesis and may shed light on MAP7 function in neurological disorders.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeurons communicate with multiple targets by forming axonal branches. In search of intrinsic factors that control collateral branch development, we identified a role for microtubule-associated protein 7 (MAP7) in dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons. We show that MAP7 expression is developmentally regulated and perturbation of this expression alters branch formation. Cell biological analysis indicates that MAP7 promotes branch maturation. Analysis of a spontaneous mouse mutant suggests a molecular mechanism for branch regulation and the potential influence of collateral branches on pain sensitivity. Our studies thus establish the first neuronal function of MAP7 and demonstrate its role in branch morphogenesis and neural circuit function. These findings may help in our understanding of the contribution of MAP7 to neurological disorders and nerve regeneration.
TFIID or not TFIID, a continuing transcriptional SAGA
Authors: Kubik Slawomir , Bruzzone Maria Jessica , Shore David
Published: January 2017

Eukaryotic protein‐coding genes are typically classified into two groups: those with expression regulated by specific signals versus the relatively constant “housekeeping” genes. Although these differences are associated with alternative modes of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) pre‐initiation complex (PIC) assembly, a role for gene‐specific activators in controlling “regulatability” has been difficult to rule out. To address this question, de Jonge et al () studied a group of genes controlled by a common activator but dependent on either TFIID or SAGA and found that the magnitude of regulation strongly correlates with the mechanism of PIC assembly.
Impact of estrogen receptor α gene and oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms on female sexuality
Authors: Armeni Anastasia K , Assimakopoulos Konstantinos , Marioli Dimitra , Koika Vassiliki , Michaelidou Euthychia , Mourtzi Niki , Iconomou Gregoris , Georgopoulos Neoklis A
Published: January 2017

Over the past decades, research attention has increasingly been paid to the neurobiological component of sexual behavior. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation of estrogen receptor α (ERA) gene polymorphism (rs2234693-PvuII) (T→C substitution) and oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism (rs53576) (G→A substitution) with sexuality parameters of young, healthy women. One hundred thirty-three Greek heterosexual women, students in higher education institutions, 20–25 years of age, sexually active, with normal menstrual cycles (28–35 days), were recruited in the study. Exclusion criteria were chronic and/or major psychiatric diseases, use of oral contraceptive pills (OCs), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid diseases as well as drugs that are implicated in hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal axis. T allele (wildtype) of rs2234693 (PvuII) polymorphism of ERA gene was correlated with increased levels of arousal and lubrication, whereas A allele (polymorphic) of rs53576 (OXTR) polymorphism was correlated with increased arousal levels. The simultaneous presence of both T allele of rs2234693 (PvuII) and A allele of rs53576 (OXTR) polymorphisms (T + A group) was correlated with increased arousal, orgasm levels as well as female sexual function index full score. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the interaction between ERA and OXTR with regard to sexual function in women. Female sexuality is a complex behavioral trait that encompasses both biological and psychological components. It seems that variability in female sexual response stems from genetic variability that characterizes endocrine, neurotransmitter and central nervous system influences.
Entre l’accommodement de la croyance religieuse et l’accommodement du handicap en milieu scolaire: les tribunaux devraient-ils adapter leur analyse?
Authors: Gagné Marie-Eve
Published: January 2017

En s’inspirant d’un concept juridique développé aux États-Unis, le plus haut tribunal du pays a rendu en 1985 un jugement qui consacre l’existence du concept d’accommodement raisonnable au Canada lorsqu’il y a preuve de discrimination. Au départ imaginé pour répondre aux discriminations basées sur le motif de la croyance religieuse, l’évolution du concept permet aujourd’hui son application à d’autres contextes et à d’autres motifs prohibés : c’est notamment le cas du handicap. L’article qui suit survole l’application de ce concept en milieu scolaire à l’égard d’élèves en situation de handicap et d’élèves ayant des croyances religieuses spécifiques. Cette démarche comparative s’inscrit dans l’intention d’identifier certains obstacles rencontrés par les élèves qui revendiquent leur droit à l’éducation et à l’égalité devant les tribunaux. Celle-ci est relativement peu abordée dans les écrits scientifiques alors qu’elle revêt pourtant une importance particulière compte tenu de l’âge, de la vulnérabilité des principaux plaignants et de l’urgence de trouver une solution concrète afin de faciliter un réel accès à l’éducation. Du même souffle, l’article propose une réflexion sur l’utilisation d’un test non adapté aux caractéristiques particulières du handicap dans l’analyse des tribunaux. Le cadre normatif et les décisions récentes québécoises ont plus particulièrement servi à ces fins.
Moving from the Implicit to the Explicit: ‘Spiritual Rights’ and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Authors: Whiting Russell , Gurbai Sándor
Published: January 2017

This article considers spiritual rights in relation to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). It notes that unlike in other legally binding UN treaties spiritual rights is not a term covered in this convention. The purpose of the article is to explore how that exclusion happened, what it means, what lies behind it and also to suggest one way of considering how the convention might have been enriched by explicitly including spiritual rights. Firstly, the article discusses the use of the term spiritual rights. It goes on to analyse how spiritual rights are recognized in some UN treaties and not others. The article then examines the travaux préparatoires of the convention and studies how spiritual rights were excluded after an extended period of debate between delegates. The article challenges the view of some delegates that if spiritual rights is included in other conventions that should be sufficient. It uses the Christian doctrine of incarnation to explore what might be distinctive about spiritual rights for people with disabilities. Boros and Vanier’s interpretations of the doctrine are briefly considered before a fuller exploration of the “Disabled God” incarnationalism of the theologian Nancy Eiesland, who was in fact involved in the drafting of UNCRPD. The idea of the Disabled God is also shown to be meaningful outside of a Christian context with an example from Shintoism. The article concludes that whilst spiritual rights is certainly a contested term, its omission from the UNCRPD is to be lamented.
Review of Psychiatry Disrupted by eds. Burstow, LeFrancois, & Diamond
Authors: Nicki Andrea
Published: January 2017

This ground-breaking collection represents a significant challenge to psychiatry and is an inspiring collaborative venture between academics, activists, and psychiatric survivors from Canada, England, and the United States. It would be a great text for undergraduate and graduate students in fields like psychology, sociology, social work, disability studies, and women and gender studies. It explores various arguments for opposing psychiatry and can assist those training in mental health professions to raise their health care practice to a higher standard of accountability.
Review of Disability and Passing by eds. Brune & Wilson
Authors: Reid Amber
Published: January 2017

This anthology by Jeffrey A. Brune and Daniel J. Wilson brings together essays that push against the idea that there can be an easy definition of disability, wherein disability can be identified and cut out from the social surroundings in which it is situated.
Libros de la Universidad de Santo Tomás preservados en la Biblioteca Nacional
Authors: González-Arrieta Ruth , Moya López Xinia
Published: January 2017

La Universidad de Santo Tomás fue la primera institución de Educación Superior costarricense, creada en 1843 por el Dr. José María Castro Madriz, por lo que se constituyó como universidad pionera del país. Inició labores universitarias en 1844, año en que ingresó para la Biblioteca, el primer embarque de libros provenientes de Europa. Con el transcurso del tiempo, la adquisición de textos afines a las materias de estudio como leyes, filosofía, literatura, gramática, teología e historia, entre otras, se acrecentó y, por ende, la colección bibliográfica aumentó. A pesar de la floreciente universidad, decisiones políticas incidieron en el cierre de la institución en 1888. Con la clausura de la universidad, el educador Miguel Obregón Lizano impulsó que las colecciones de libros de la Biblioteca Universitaria se trasladaran a otra unidad de información, dando origen a la Biblioteca Nacional de Costa Rica, que ostenta su nombre y desde entonces resguarda los libros de la Universidad de Santo Tomás
Las formas de apoyo educativo al estudiantado con discapacidad o con necesidades educativas en la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica y sus implicaciones en su formación profesional
Authors: Fontana Hernández Angélica , Vargas Dengo Marie Claire
Published: January 2017

Este artículo presenta las formas de apoyo educativo a la población estudiantil en condición de discapacidad o con necesidades educativas en el ámbito universitario y sus implicaciones en su formación profesional, según los resultados obtenidos en el Proyecto (FIDA) Percepciones y realidades en la atención de las necesidades educativas: propuesta de desarrollo profesional y su implementación en la Universidad Nacional (código 0524-10) del año 2012 al 2015. En este estudio participaron 191 estudiantes (76 hombres y 115 mujeres) con matrícula en distintas carreras de las sedes de la UNA (Central, Brunca y Chorotega) y 427 personal académico (181 hombres y 246 mujeres). La metodología responde al enfoque cualitativo y se realizaron 15 talleres con estudiantes y 65 entrevistas individuales para recabar sus apreciaciones. Se determinó que solo una parte del estudiantado recibe atención individual (dentro y fuera de las sesiones de clase) y en ocasiones tutorías (en inglés, matemática y química) por parte del personal académico de la institución en la sede central. En la evaluación, se les facilita mayor tiempo para la realización de las pruebas e instrucciones individuales durante esta; asimismo para elaborar trabajos de investigación. Destaca que la mayoría del estudiantado de las sedes regionales de la UNA expresó que su opinión no es tomada en cuenta por el personal académico para determinar y aplicar los ajustes en la metodología ni la evaluación de los cursos que imparten. Mientras que en la sede Central, la mayor parte del grupo conversa con el personal académico para definir por lo menos un tipo de ajuste o apoyo educativo.
¿Jóvenes sujetos de derechos o… sin derechos? Cambios en el sistema contravencional (Córdoba, Argentina)
Authors: Lerchundi Mariana Jesica
Published: January 2017

El presente texto se propuso comparar las principales diferencias del Código de Faltas y del Código de Convivencia Ciudadana de la Provincia de Córdoba (Argentina). Tiene como sujetos empíricos de reflexión a jóvenes, población afectada por la normativa. A partir del análisis de contenido y el análisis crítico del discurso, se hallaron las diferencias entre ambas normas. Aquí se detallan solo algunas de ellas que permiten inferir los cambios en el sistema contravencional, cuyo sustrato mantiene la vulneración de derechos hacia la juventud.
Association of health symptoms with low-level exposure to organophosphates, DNA damage, AChE activity, and occupational knowledge and practice among rice, corn, and double-crop farmers
Authors: Hongsibsong Surat , Sittitoon Nalin , Sapbamrer Ratana
Published: January 2017

Objectives

This study aims to determine (1) total dialkylphosphate (ΣDAP) levels, occupational knowledge and practice, DNA damage, AChE activity, and health symptoms in rice, corn, and double-crop farmers; (2) the association of health symptoms with ΣDAP levels, occupational knowledge and practice, DNA damage, and AChE activity in farmers; and (3) the prevalence of health symptoms between farmers and nonfarmers.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted by interviewing as well as analyzing urine and blood samples during July to August 2014.

Results

There were no differences in ΣDAP levels, AChE activity, and occupational knowledge and practice scores among all farmer groups. In terms of health symptoms related to ΣDAP, AChE activity, DNA damage, and occupational knowledge and practice, pesticide-related symptoms were determined, including breathlessness, chest pain, dry throat, numbness, muscle weakness, cramp, headache, dizziness, eye irritation, white/red rash, and white/red pimple, which were classified as respiratory, muscle, nervous, and epithelial symptoms. A remarkable finding was that farmers had a significantly higher prevalence of muscle weakness (odds ratio (OR)=3.79) and numbness (OR=3.45) as compared with non-farmers.

Conclusion

Our findings, therefore, suggest that a long-term lowlevel exposure to organophosphates (OPs) may be associated with an increasing prevalence of muscle symptoms. However, a further cohort study incorporating sensitive health outcomes and measurement of multiple pesticides monitoring on a larger scale is warranted.
Burnout among public servants after the Great East Japan Earthquake: decomposing the construct aftermath of disaster
Authors: Suzuki Yuriko , Fukasawa Maiko , Obara Akiko , Kim Yoshiharu
Published: January 2017

Objectives

To examine whether disasterrelated variables, in addition to known work-related risk factors, influence burnout and its subscales (exhaustion, cynicism, and lack of professional efficacy) among public servants who experienced a major disaster.

Methods

Cross-sectional studies were conducted among public servants of Miyagi prefecture at 2 and 16 months after the Great East Japan Earthquake (n=3,533, response rate 66.8%); burnout was assessed at 16 months using the Japanese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey. We examined the relationships between burnout and its subscales with disaster-related variables at 2 months after the disaster, while controlling for age, gender, and work-related variables at 16 months after the disaster.

Results

After controlling for age, gender, and work-related variables, a significant risk factor of burnout was having severe house damage. For the each subscale of burnout, living someplace other than their own house increased the risk of both exhaustion and cynicism, while handling residents’ complaints did so only for exhaustion. Notably, workers from health and welfare departments showed an increased risk of burnout, exhaustion, and cynicism, but not lack of professional efficacy.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that special attention is needed for workers with severe house damage to prevent burnout, as well as those who lived someplace other than their own house to prevent exhaustion and cynicism after a major disaster. Interventions directed at workers of the health and welfare department should focus more on limiting exhaustion and cynicism, rather than promoting professional efficacy.
Oficina de leitura e escrita inspirada em literatura, cinema e fantástico
Authors: Camilo Alessandra Da Rosa Trindade , Becker Simone , Fontanella Valdirene Alves
Published: January 2017

Na época atual, a linguagem não verbal vem ganhando espaço e sendo explorada por seu caráter pedagógico em sala de aula. Neste artigo, é possível observar que, enquanto a linguagem do cinema utiliza recursos de som e imagem, a linguagem da literatura induz o leitor a imaginar o que se passa além das palavras a partir de sua experiência pessoal. Nesse sentido, foi realizada uma oficina de processos de leitura e escrita, em um curso de graduação de licenciatura em letras, baseada em trechos da versão escrita (LOWRY, 2014) e da versão fílmica (NOYCE, 2014) da obra O Doador de Memórias (The Giver, 1983). A oficina teve como objetivos promover a interação e a reflexão sobre a leitura de sentidos de palavras em diferentes contextos e suportes, bem como o estímulo da produção escrita espontânea e criativa, a apresentação de múltiplas visões dos alunos e a colocação deles como sujeitos no processo. Como fator instigante, a obra ficcional utilizada  presentava características do fantástico. O artigo encontra embasamento para interação e contextualização em Bakhtin, Garcez, Scnheuwly, Rodrigues; Cerutti-Rizatti e Kleiman, o conceito de fantástico em Todorov e a relação entre obras fílmicas e literárias em Bourdieu, Fabris e Duarte.
Intervenção precoce nas dificuldades de aprendizagem da leitura com recurso ao software Graphogame1
Authors: Sucena Ana , Silva Ana Filipa , Viana Fernanda Leopoldina
Published: January 2017

Neste estudo avaliou-se o impacto de um software de apoio às dificuldades de aprendizagem da leitura – o Graphogame – ao nível das relações letra-som, consciência fonémica, leitura de palavras e leitura de pseudopalavras. Os participantes eram 57 crianças, a frequentar o 1º ano de escolaridade, falantes nativos do português europeu, identificadas como em risco de virem a apresentar dificuldades de aprendizagem da leitura. As crianças foram divididas em três grupos: (a) intervenção com recurso a software – treino com software Graphogame, (b) intervenção mista – treino com recurso ao software Graphogame e a sessões de competências pré-leitoras e leitoras orientadas por técnico de educação e (c) ausência de intervenção para lá daquela prevista no sistema regular de ensino. Os resultados revelam efeitos positivos de ambos os tipos de intervenção em relação ao grupo controlo. Revelam ainda um efeito mais pronunciado para o grupo de intervenção mista do que para o grupo de intervenção com recurso exclusivo ao software.
Intertextualidade e compreensão leitora: ensino da leitura com apoio da tecnologia
Authors: Baretta Danielle , Chaves Jésura Lopes
Published: January 2017

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo demonstrar como a tecnologia pode apoiar o ensino, apresentando um objeto de aprendizagem voltado para o ensino de leitura. Nesse sentido, o objeto de aprendizagem, intitulado Fábulas Revisitadas, parte da concepção de que a compreensão leitora é fator central e essencial nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa e de que a escola é a responsável por promover a ampliação dos conhecimentos prévios do educando, tornando-o capaz de interpretar diferentes textos que circulam socialmente. Sendo assim, o objeto de aprendizagem em questão pretende desenvolver essa habilidade a partir da intertextualidade. Para tanto, apresenta blocos de atividades organizados em torno de cinco fábulas, nos quais o texto original é confrontado com outros textos que com ele dialogam. Espera-se, com isso, que os alunos reconheçam o papel dos conhecimentos prévios para uma efetiva compreensão leitora, bem como as pistas que permitem identificar o diálogo entre textos e os sentidos dele decorrentes.
De la arquitectura de información a la experiencia de usuario: Su interrelación en el desarrollo de software de la Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas
Authors: Rodríguez Castilla Liuris , González Hernández Delly Lien , Pérez González Yudeisy
Published: January 2017

Se presenta un informe técnico sobre la aplicación de actividades y técnicas de arquitectura de información (AI) y experiencia de usuario UX) a partir de las buenas prácticas obtenidas en el proceso de desarrollo de software de la Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas. Para ello, se identificaron las definiciones más citadas de AI y su evolución hacia el término de UX, como punto de partida para analizar la estrecha relación que existe entre estos dos conceptos durante el desarrollo de software. El trabajo permite reconocer el rol protagónico del usuario en el resultado de su interacción con el producto y con el proveedor o desarrollador. Se describen actividades y técnicas para la obtención de información y requisitos en las etapas de desarrollo del software, que tributen a una buena arquitectura de información, centrado en la experiencia del usuario.
Gobierno abierto en bibliotecas públicas: planeación estratégica y el valor público
Authors: Voutssás Lara Jennifer Alejandra
Published: January 2017

La información no es la única que ha cambiado sus modelos a través de las herramientas digitales, sino que la misma sociedad se transforma constantemente en nuevos modelos y relaciones sociales. Esto ha obligado a las instituciones públicas a replantear también su labor en cuanto a la oferta de servicios a los ciudadanos, por lo que ha planteado un modelo basado en la administración de empresas privadas para una mejor administración en el ámbito público y optimización de los servicios que se ofrecen. Esta investigación ofrece un panorama conceptual del gobierno abierto, los conceptos de planeación estratégica y valor público para ejemplificar cómo fueron implementados en las bibliotecas públicas que atienden ahora a ciudadanos en ejercicio principalmente del derecho a la información y, a su vez, permitiendo el ejercicio de otros derechos fundamentales. Para ello, fue utilizada como metodología a través del análisis documental de fuentes directas sobre gobierno abierto a nivel mundial y de instituciones públicas internacionales que vigilan este derecho; así como casos en diversas bibliotecas públicas en Estados Unidos donde se llevaron estrategias de gobierno abierto en bibliotecas públicas.  Finalmente, se consideraron las fuentes indirectas; por ejemplo, información no referente a estos conceptos, pero que ejemplifican el valor público y la planeación estratégica de las bibliotecas públicas en México y que, por medio del encadenamiento deductivo, complementan la comprensión del gobierno abierto en las bibliotecas como instituciones públicas y proponer nuevas estrategias de valor público en estos espacios.
La Investigación en la Escuela de Bibliotecología y Ciencias de la Información de la Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Sandí Sandí Magda Cecilia , Vargas Bolaños Rebecca
Published: January 2017

Este informe técnico presenta una introducción sobre la importancia de la investigación en el área de la Bibliotecología y las Ciencias de la Información, así como un marco teórico que sustenta el planteamiento de las líneas de investigación que se presentan en el informe. Se describen los antecedentes de la investigación desde la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR), así como el vínculo entre docencia e investigación en la Escuela de Bibliotecología y Ciencias de la Información (EBCI). Se brinda información sobre la investigación que se realiza en la EBCI, a saber la producida por la población estudiantil en sus trabajos finales de graduación y la que realiza el cuerpo docente sobre su carga académica. A partir de la nueva malla curricular, se ofrece al estudiantado un pensum más fortalecido en el área investigativa, para lo cual se define un perfil docente para los cursos de investigación. Se definen las líneas de investigación para la EBCI y se describe la metodología utilizada para la selección de estas y de líneas emergentes. Se describe un plan de acción en el área investigativa para los próximos dos años, así como futuras acciones a realizar por parte de las comisiones competentes al área. Se presentan los resultados generales de la investigación y las proyecciones futuras.
VARIACIONES EN LA FLEXIBILIDAD DURANTE EL CICLO MENSTRUAL EN DEPORTISTAS UNIVERSITARIAS
Authors: Moiso Marín Fiorella , Solera Herrera Andrea
Published: January 2017

Con el objetivo de indagar si existen variaciones en la flexibilidad en 2 fases del ciclo menstrual (menstrual y ovulatoria) de atletas universitarias, se aplicaron pruebas de flexibilidad funcionales y multi-articulares a 28 mujeres con un promedio de edad de 20.9 ± 3.0 años, nivel de estrés moderado, pocas horas de sueño relacionadas con niveles altos de estrés, y un hábito de consumo de alcohol de al menos una vez al mes en la mayoría de ellas. A nivel general, la t de Student no encontró variaciones significativas en la flexibilidad a lo largo del ciclo menstrual. El nivel de flexibilidad en la prueba de giro de hombros en anteversión fue de 50.73 ± 17.97º y de 51.97 ± 16.76º (t = -1.031; p = 0.312), en retroversión fue de 58.14 ± 17.28º y 60.53 ± 17.12º (t = -1.754; p = 0.091) y en la prueba de Sit and Reach fue de 110.63 ± 7.56 cm y 110.48 ± 8.31 cm (t = 0.252; p = 0.803) en la fase ovulatoria y menstrual respectivamente. No obstante, la t de Student estratificada, encontró mayor flexibilidad en la fase ovulatoria en mujeres que consumían regularmente alcohol (p= 0.020)  y tenían un nivel de estrés más alto (p= 0.040) para la prueba de giro de hombros en anteversión, y en mujeres que no dormían bien (p= 0.030), dormían menos de 7 horas diarias (p= 0.040) o tenían una fase lútea más corta- igual o menor a 9 días-  (p= 0,006) para la prueba de giro de hombros en retroversión. En conclusión, no hubo variaciones significativas en la flexibilidad a lo largo del ciclo menstrual en la población general. Sin embargo, ciertas condiciones socio-demográficas y clínicas parecieran predisponer a variaciones durante el mismo.
CONDUCTA OCUPACIONAL SEDENTARIA Y SOLUCIONES PARA AUMENTAR LA TERMOGÉNESIS NO ASOCIADA AL EJERCICIO
Authors: Scott Haley M. , Tyton Tess N. , Horswill Craig A.
Published: January 2017

Conforme aumenta la prevalencia de la obesidad en todo el mundo, los investigadores buscan explicaciones para este fenómeno, en particular aquellas relevantes al gasto energético. Se ha identificado que la termogénesis no asociada al ejercicio, abreviada como NEAT (por sus siglas en inglés), es un componente discreto, pero a la vez considerable, del gasto energético diario total. Las exigencias de algunas ocupaciones limitan la disposición de tiempo para la actividad física planificada y claramente reducen la NEAT, lo cual contribuye a las conductas sedentarias que provocan la adiposidad aumentada. Se ha identificado específicamente al tiempo sentado prolongado durante la jornada laboral como un factor de riesgo para la obesidad y las enfermedades crónicas, independientemente de otros factores de riesgo existentes. Se han puesto en práctica algunas estrategias prácticas para aumentar la NEAT durante la jornada laboral: existen estaciones de trabajo que requieren mantener el equilibrio mientras se trabaja sentado en una pelota suiza (bola de ejercicio) o trabajar de pie, también otras en las que se pedalea sentado o se camina en una banda sin fin incorporada al escritorio, para contrarrestar los períodos prolongados de conducta sedentaria en el trabajo. Aunque hay pocos datos sobre los beneficios crónicos de estas estaciones, aquellas que promueven más movimiento —las estaciones de pedaleo o de caminata—aumentan los MET y el gasto energético total más que las otras alternativas. La desventaja de moverse más es que podría haber una disminución en la atención del trabajo de escritorio y, por lo tanto, una disminución en el funcionamiento cognitivo; sin embargo, los datos no son consistentes y puede ser que el beneficio para la salud sea igual o mayor que la desventaja de experimentar algunas pequeñas distracciones durante las tareas de escritorio.
Estudio sobre jerarquías y redes en la política de salud del adulto mayor en México
Authors: Vera López Juana Isabel
Published: January 2017

Se analiza la situación actual del sistema de salud en México, en general, así como de manera específica, en relación al grupo poblacional de adultos mayores (AM) mediante los modelos de organización, de jerarquías y redes. Para ello, se utiliza la teoría neoinstitucional basada en un enfoque político; por medio de esta se establecen los actores que configuran los niveles de jerarquía y los que conforman redes horizontales de comunicación. En el análisis se revisa información proveniente de instituciones gubernamentales y de salud, como son el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI), la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS), el Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), entre otras. Este análisis proporciona una visión prospectiva de la política de salud para los AM en donde la tendencia es hacia homologación de las legislaciones de salud en América Latina, un aumento de la participación del Estado para financiar programas de salud y la promoción de políticas de prevención de riesgos en la salud.
Diet quality and associated factors among elementary school students of the Adventist school system in the Southwest region of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Fuentes Hazel Yvette , Silva Pereira Taísa Sabrina , Portes Leslie Andrews , Fortes de Oliveira Kevin , Teixeira Martins Márcia Cristina
Published: January 2017

Objetivo: evaluar la asociación entre la dieta y factores socioeconómicos y demográficos entre los estudiantes de la escuela primaria. Métodos: Un estudio transseccional que involucra una muestra aleatoria de 256 niños de ambos sexos, de seis a once años, del primero a quinto grado de siete escuelas adventistas ubicados en la región suroeste de Sao Paulo. Estas escuelas inscriben estudiantes sin importar su religión. Datos demográficos y socioeconómicos se obtuvieron a partir de un cuestionario autoadministrado, llevado a casa y completado por el padre o responsable del niño. La calidad de la dieta se evaluó mediante el índice de ALES. Se calcularon las odds ratio brutas y ajustadas y se utilizó la regresión logística para el análisis de las variables. Resultados: De la muestra, 33,2% tuvo una puntuación pobre en el índice ALES y el 66,8% obtuvo una buena puntuación. No hubo diferencias significativas entre la calidad de la dieta y las siguientes variables: edad, nivel socioeconómico, educación maternal, jefe de la familia, trabajo materno fuera del hogar, lactancia materna exclusiva hasta los 6 meses, y el origen de las meriendas escolares. Las variables que se mantuvieron asociadas a una dieta de buena calidad fueron: ser del sexo femenino (OR = 0.53; 95% IC, 0.30-0.92) y ser Adventista (OR = 2.52; 95% IC, 1.10-5.78). Conclusión: Los factores asociados con la buena calidad de la dieta fueron el sexo y la religión.
Mortalidad por Diabetes tipo 2 en las fronteras de México
Authors: Manzanares Rivera José Luis
Published: January 2017

Objetivo: Analizar  la distribución geográfica y evolución temporal de las tasas de mortalidad  por diabetes tipo II en el periodo 1998-2013 para las regiones frontera sur y norte de México. Métodos: el trabajo se basa en el análisis exploratorio e inferencial de datos a partir de los registros de mortalidad reportados por el sistema nacional de información en salud SINAIS. El análisis retoma el paradigma teórico sobre determinantes sociales de salud  por lo que se consideran microdatos sobre los patrones de consumo a nivel hogar en el contexto de la frontera México-Estados Unidos y México-Guatemala. Resultados: Se encuentra una  trayectoria de convergencia durante los últimos 15 años en las tasas de mortalidad por diabetes tipo II entre las dos regiones fronterizas estudiadas. Conclusiones: La evidencia presentada indica que los estados de la frontera sur han experimentado en la última década una transición epidemiológica hacia causas de mortalidad como la diabetes tipo II, una trayectoria que muestra un patrón de convergencia con la población en la frontera norte.