bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-term remissions of young patients with high-risk follicular lymphoma after first-line autologous stem cell transplantation
Authors: Lyu Rui , Wang Tingyu , Zou Dehui , Liu Wei , Yi Shuhua , Huang Wenyang , An Gang , Xu Yan , Li Zengjun , Qiu Lugui
Published: May 2020

Rationale:

Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is not routinely recommended as first-line choice for follicular lymphoma (FL). However, we actually have observed that young patients with extremely high-risk factors benefit from ASCT. This study aims to speculate the rationality of ASCT as first-line treatment, through 3 cases and review of the literature.

Patient concerns:

3 young-adult patients with FL received ASCT as first-line treatment.

Diagnosis:

All the 3 patients were no more than 30 years old and the diagnosis of FL was confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations. They all had multi-organ involvements, and two of them presented with a “leukemic-like” manifestation. Compared with those in the previous literatures, the 3 patients were relatively younger and had more invasive clinical features.

Interventions:

The 3 patients received combined chemotherapy plus rituximab, followed by first-line ASCT.

Outcomes:

All the 3 patients got complete remission and minimal residual disease negativity after ASCT, The median follow-up time was 109 (97–117) months, and all of them were in remission more than 8 years after transplant.

Lessons:

Guidelines for FL are mainly based on elderly patients, but are not suitable enough for all, especially for the young FL patients. For young patients with certain high-risk FL, first-line ASCT does not go against the guidelines, and should be recommended individually.
Hypertension and selected indicators of health assessment in a population of 19-year-old men subject to military qualifications
Authors: Chmiel Zdzisława , Żal Marcin , Więch Paweł , Bazaliński Dariusz , Sałacińska Izabela , Bartusik-Aebisher Dorota , Binkowska-Bury Monika
Published: May 2020

Assessment the prevalence of hypertension and its relation to selected indicators of health status and performance, including classification of BMI, obesity classifications, and body structure in a large test group of 19-year-old men.

The study was observational-retrospective, and included a group of 17,282 men, aged 19, from the Małopolska region. All subjects met the qualifications for compulsory military service in 2017. We analyzed selected data obtained from the records of the Ministry of National Defense-spiral-ZINT. Data collection and analysis were carried out from April 1, 2018 to August 31, 2018.

Hypertension was found at 0.6%, weak body structure at 0.8% and obesity

co-existing with cardiorespiratory insufficiency has been reported 2.6% of respondents and it was more frequent in the recruiters from HT II0 than I0. The underweight concerned almost 7%, and the overweight and obesity of 1/4 of conscripts. The vast majority of people with hypertension were characterized by excessive body weight (74.8%), mainly overweight.

Hypertension was seen in a negligible percentage of males studied and was significantly associated with an increase in BMI, particularly with regards to being overweight.
Simple resistance exercise decreases cytokeratin 18 and fibroblast growth factor 21 levels in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Takahashi Atsushi , Abe Kazumichi , Fujita Masashi , Hayashi Manabu , Okai Ken , Ohira Hiromasa
Published: May 2020

Cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) are elevated in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and are useful markers for identifying or monitoring outcomes. Exercise therapy is one of the established treatments for NAFLD; however, few studies have investigated the effectiveness of exercise therapy on CK18 and FGF21 levels. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the effects of 12 weeks of simple resistance exercise on CK18 and FGF21 levels in patients with NAFLD.

Fifty patients with NAFLD were assigned to a resistance exercise group (n = 23) or a control group (n = 27) for a trial period of 12 weeks. During the study, the resistance exercise group performed two exercises (push-ups and squats) three times a week on nonconsecutive days, whereas the control group proceeded with regular physical activities under a restricted diet. We then compared serum levels of CK18 fragments (M65) and FGF21 between groups just before and after the 12-week period.

Serum M65 levels (880.0 ± 503.6 vs 648.9 ± 450.2 U/L; P < .01) were significantly decreased in the exercise group. However, no significant differences were observed in body mass index or skeletal muscle. The decreases in serum M65 (−231.1 ± 354.7 vs 56.2 ± 375.0 U/L; P = .02), and FGF21 levels (−41.7 ± 98.2 vs. 33.2 ± 127.6 pg/mL; P = .03) were significantly greater in the exercise than in the control group. Changes in M65 levels in the exercise group were significantly correlated with changes in alanine aminotransferase levels (r = 0.618, P < .01).

Simple resistance exercise reduced CK18 and FGF21 levels in patients with NAFLD. These findings suggest that resistance exercise consisting of push-ups and squats helps prevent the progression of NAFLD.
Efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy for COVID-19: Retracted
Authors: Huang Shaolei , Wang Suyao , Wang Mengmeng , Rong Jiao , Yu Wenjie , Li Jing , Han Jing , Yang Dianhui
Published: May 2020

Background:

The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture therapy for coronavirus disease 2019.

Methods:

The following electronic databases will be searched from December 2019 to December 2020: Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan-fang database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Databases, and other databases. All published randomized controlled trials about this topic will be included. Two independent researchers will operate article retrieval, duplication removing, screening, quality evaluation, and data analyses by Review Manager (V.5.3.5). Meta-analyses, subgroup analysis, and/or descriptive analysis will be performed based on the included data conditions.

Results:

High-quality synthesis and/or descriptive analysis of current evidence will be provided from mortality rate, cure rate, the time of negative nucleic acid detection for 2 consecutive times (not on the same day), improvement of chest CT scans, disappearance time of fever and cough, and side effects.

Conclusion:

This study will provide the evidence of whether acupuncture is an effective and safe intervention for coronavirus disease 2019 .

PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020179298.
Association analysis between vitamin D level and depression in women perimenopause
Authors: Yuan Jie , Chen Tiantian , Lei Yaling , Wei Shujun , Yu Penglong , Cao Yue , Zhao Yuan , Chen Jie
Published: May 2020

Background:

In recent decades, many researches manifested that the perimenopause is a window of vulnerability for the development of both depressive symptoms and major depressive episodes. Some scholar thought that those women diagnosed with depression may be particularly sensitive to changes in the hormonal milieu experienced premenstrual, during the postpartum period or during the menopause transition in. Risk factors for depressive symptoms during the perimenopause include prior standardized mean difference (MDD), psychosocial factors, anxiety symptoms, and reproductive-related mood disturbance. However, active vitamin D (VD), exerts protective and regulatory effects on the brain dopamine system and suggests that similar to the antidepressant. Therefore, serum 25(OH)D level may be negatively correlated with the perimenopausal depression.

Methods:

The study only selects clinical randomized controlled trials of depression in perimenopausal women. We will search each database from the built-in until October 2020. The English literature mainly searches Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. While the Chinese literature comes from CNKI, CBM, VIP, and Wangfang database. Meanwhile, we will retrieve clinical trial registries and grey literature. Two researchers worked independently on literature selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. The dichotomous data is represented by relative risk, and the continuous is expressed by mean difference or standard mean difference, eventually the data is synthesized using a fixed effect model or a random effect model depending on the heterogeneity. The serum vitamin D level, Hamilton Depression Scale, or Beck Depression Inventory or Zung self-rating depression scale or patient health questionnare-9 were evaluated as the main outcomes. While several secondary outcomes were also evaluated in this study. The statistical analysis of this Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan software version 5.3.

Results:

This meta-analysis will further determine the association analysis between VD level and depression in women perimenopause.

Conclusion:

This study determines the VD level is related to the occurrence of depression in perimenopausal women.
Bibliometric and visualized analysis of global research on fungal keratitis from 1959 to 2019
Authors: Cen Yujie , Li Yingyu , Huang Chen , Wang Wei
Published: May 2020

Background:

Fungal keratitis is one of the leading causes of ocular morbidity. The prognosis of fungal keratitis is poorer than many other forms of keratitis but the research of which relatively lags behind. We conducted a bibliometric and visualized analysis in order to characterize the overall status, general trends and current foci of keratomycosis research field.

Methods:

Literature database ranged from 1959 to 2019 was obtained from web of science core collection and analyzed by Citespace and VOSviewer software.

Results:

A total of 1906 papers of fungal keratitis were retrieved and derived a 27,917 references document set. The number of publications increased rapidly in past 30 years. Cornea was the journal published most papers of keratomycosis. The leading countries were United States of America (USA), India and Peoples Republic of China (PRC), from where came the most productive and most cited institutions and authors. Co-cited reference analysis revealed the most cited manuscripts were concerned about epidemiology or spectrum. Lens-associated Fusarium, amphotericin B, voriconazole, corneal cross-linking, predisposing factor are some of the high frequency topics in clustered co-cited reference analysis and co-occurrence keywords analysis. Burst detection analysis of keywords showed ocular drug delivery was the new research foci.

Conclusion:

From this study, we received an overall view to the current status, trends and hot spots of fungal keratitis research field. Visualized bibliometric analysis is an efficient way for literature learning and useful for future researchers.
Tamoxifen for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Chen Po-Chih , Hsieh Yi-Chen , Huang Chi-Chen , Hu Chaur-Jong
Published: May 2020

Introduction:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common cause of motor neuron disease, and effective treatment for ALS is still lacking. Transactive response (TAR) -DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) is aggregated in the neurons of ALS patients. Animal studies shown TDP-43 aggregation can be attenuated by enhancing autophagy by tamoxifen. However, its beneficial effects for ALS patients remain unknown.

Methods:

Eighteen patients with ALS without mutations in superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) or fused in sarcoma (FUS) genes were randomly assigned into the tamoxifen 40 mg/day or placebo group in a double-blinded manner and all were given riluzole twice daily. Participants were followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. The primary end point was time to death or dependence on mechanical ventilation. Secondary end points were decline of the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) score and pulmonary function measured by forced vital capacity (FVC).

Results:

Ten participants were randomly assigned in the treatment group with tamoxifen, 7 finished trial, 1 reach primary endpoint; while 8 participants in the placebo group, 2 finished trial and 2 reach primary end point. The proportion of participants reaching the primary end point was lower in the tamoxifen group but did not reach statistical significance. At the 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-up, the average decline rates of the ALSFRS-R score were slower in the tamoxifen group. No significant difference was observed in FVC and ALSFRS-R score at 12 months between groups.

Conclusion:

Tamoxifen exerted only a modest effect on attenuate progression for 6 months in this small trial. Additional larger scale studies should be necessary to confirm whether enhancing autophagy can attenuate ALS progression.
Comparison of 18F-FDG-PET and 18F-FDG-PET/CT for the diagnostic performance in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology
Authors: Qichang Wan , Jinming Shen , Lu Li , Bin Ji , Renjie Wang , Xiuying Zheng
Published: May 2020

Backgrounds:

We performed a meta-analysis to compare 18F-FDG-PET and 18F-FDG-PET/CT for the diagnostic performance in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology by Bethesda classification.

Methods:

PubMed and Embase databases were searched for eligible studies from the earliest available date of indexing through September 2019. Only studies with clearly stated histopathology confirmation were included. Publication bias was assessed by Deeks funnel plot. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic odds ratio was determined by random-effect analysis, respectively. All diagnostic estimate indexes were determined separately for PET alone and PET/CT and were compared pair-wisely using Z-test.

Results:

We included 214 patients from five PET alone studies and 420 patients from 8 PET/CT studies in this meta-analysis. The range of the prevalence of malignancy was 11% to 27% for PET alone studies (Median, 20%) and 4% to 50% for PET/CT studies (Median, 24%). The sensitivity (0.95 vs 0.73, P 
< .01), negative likelihood ratio (0.20 vs 0.53, P = .04) and negative predictive value (0.99 vs 0.91, P 
< .01) of PET alone are significantly better than those of PET/CT. For PET/CT, Fagan nomogram indicated that when the pre-test probability was set at 24%, the negative post-test probability could decrease to 12%.

Conclusion:

This meta-analysis reveals that in evaluating thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology by Bethesda classification, the rule-out performance of 18F-FDG-PET is significantly better than 18F-FDG-PET/CT, although the latter represents a more objective and accurate technique. We hypothesize that the lack of precise localization of suspicious FDG uptake in the neck region may have contributed to this overvaluation for PET alone studies, and advocate that future studies be performed with PET/CT rather than PET alone to avoid misinterpretation and overvaluation in this scenario.
Acupuncture PC6 for postoperative nausea and vomiting at different times
Authors: Shi Kejin , He Fengyi , Tang Ying , Xiao Xiao , Zhang Jiayuan , Jin Yuxia , Wang Yunxia , Zhang Qi
Published: May 2020

Background:

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a condition that commonly following anesthesia and surgery, antiemetics can lead to some side effects in treating PONV. Acupuncture PC6(Neiguan) has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting. However, there still exists controversy towards its effectiveness, appropriate, and effective intervention time. We, therefore, design this meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and confirm the optimal time of acupuncture PC6 point for PONV.

Methods:

The following electronic databases will be searched from their inception to April 2020, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science, and Technology Periodical Database. All randomized controlled trials in English or Chinese involving acupuncture PC6 for patients with PONV will be included. Two reviewers will independently responsible for the data extraction, study selection, risk of bias assessment and assessment of study quality. The primary outcome was the number of postoperative nausea, postoperative vomiting and PONV during 0 to 6 hours and after 6 hours of the postoperatively. The secondary outcome is the number of people with side effects and the use of rescue therapy. The meta-analysis will be conducted using RevMan V.5.3.5 statistical software.

Results:

This systematic review will evaluate the efficacy and appropriateness time of acupuncture PC6 in the treatment of PONV.

Conclusion:

This study will provide high-quality current evidence of the effectiveness and optimal time of acupuncture PC6 point for the patient with PONV.

Ethics and dissemination:

Ethical approval is not required; this review will not involve individuals’ information. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed publication or disseminated in relevant conferences.

INPLASY Registration number:

DOI 10.37766/inplasy2020.4.0012
Comparison between acupuncture and cognitive behavioral therapy for primary insomnia
Authors: Peng Wei , Zhao Ying , Wang Yang , Wang Jun , Hao Qinghong , Tu Yang , Zhu Tianmin
Published: May 2020

Background:

Primary insomnia (PI) is a common disease affecting human health. As the side effects of drug therapy were revealed, people began to seek more safe and effective non-drug therapies. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and acupuncture are 2 commonly used non-drug therapies. However, there are few comparative studies on the efficacy of these 2 therapies. Therefore, this study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of the 2 therapies through network meta-analysis.

Methods:

We will search the following electronic bibliographic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chongqing VIP database, and Wanfang database. Randomized controlled trials in which the intervention was acupuncture or CBT, and in which the control group was any of the above, western medicine or blank control, would be included. The primary outcome will be the changes of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the additional outcomes will include the changes in Insomnia Severity Index, quality of life, clinical effective rate and adverse events. Two independent authors will screen the literature in the above database, extract data and cross-check. Heterogeneity and inconsistencies are detected before using a network meta-analysis method based on frequency analysis. The risk of bias will be assessed in accordance with the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and the strength of the recommendations will be assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation.

Ethics and dissemination:

This network meta-analysis will provide a reference for clinicians and PI patients to choose a more appropriate non-drug regimen among multiple kinds of acupuncture or CBT-I therapies. This review does not require ethical approval and will be reported in a peer-reviewed journal.

Trial registration number:

PROSPERO CRD42020155327
Effects of ozone for treating chronically refractory wounds and ulcers
Authors: Wen Qing , Liu Dongying , Wang Xian , Zhang Yanli , Fang Song , Qiu Xianliang , Chen Qiu
Published: May 2020

Background:

The prevalence of chronically refractory wounds and ulcers is growing rapidly. However, the treatment options are not completely effective. Ozone has been demonstrated as being useful in promoting wound healing as well as adverse events in individual studies. Consequently, it is necessary to conduct a meta-analysis of high-quality trials to find out whether ozone therapy is effective and safe in these chronic wounds.

Methods:

We will search the Cochrane Library, PubMed, the Web of Science, Embase, CBM, and the Chinese Clinical Registry website without restriction on language, date, or study setting. Randomized controlled trials of ozone therapy for chronical wounds or ulcers will be retrieved in diverse databases from inception to May 2020. The primary outcome of the meta-analysis is the proportion of participants with completely healed wounds; time to achieve complete ulcer healing; change in wound size. The secondary outcomes include the incidence of adverse events, amputation, quality of life, length of hospital stay, and cost. Two reviewers will adopt the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool to assess the randomized controlled trials and all relevant data will be analyzed by utilizing the Review Manager software V5.3.0.

Results:

This study will offer a high-quality synthesis of the effectiveness and safety of ozone for treating chronically refractory wounds and ulcers.

Conclusion:

This systematic review and meta-analysis will find out the available evidence to assess whether ozone therapy is beneficial to wound healing and side effects, producing evidence reference for clinical practice on the treatment of wound care.
Danggui Sini decoction for treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Zhang Xiyu , Wang Heting , Zhang Yuan , Liu Ya , Wang Zhenxing , Du Quanyu , Xie Chunguang
Published: May 2020

Background:

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetic patients, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. At present, mainstream drugs have problems such as poor efficacy and side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has extensive clinical experience in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and chronic complications, and it also shows clear advantages in the treatment of DPN. Clinical studies have confirmed that Danggui Sini decoction (DSD), a TCM decoction, can improve the clinical symptoms and signs of DPN patients. Therefore, we will conduct a systematic review to clarify the effectiveness and safety of DSD for DPN.

Methods:

We will search every database from the built-in to October 2020. Chinese literature comes from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and CBM databases. English literature mainly searches Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. At the same time, we will also search for clinical registration tests and gray literatures. This study only screened clinical randomized controlled trials (RCT) for DSD for DPN. The two researchers independently conducted literature selection, data extraction and quality assessment. Dichotomous data is represented by relative risk (RR), continuous data is represented by mean difference (MD) or standard mean deviation (SMD), and the final data is fixed effect model (FEM) or random effect model (REM), depending on whether it exists Heterogeneity. The main result is clinical efficacy and nerve conduction velocity. Fasting blood glucose, 2 hours postprandial blood glucose, blood lipid, hemorheology, and adverse events are secondary results. Finally, a meta-analysis was conducted through Review Manager software version 5.3.

Results:

This study will conduct a comprehensive analysis based on the currently released DSD data for the treatment of DPN and provide high-quality evidence of clinical efficacy and safety.

Conclusion:

This systematic review aims to provide new options for DSD treatment of DPN in terms of its efficacy and safety.

Ethics and dissemination:

The review is based solely on a secondary study of published literatures and does not require ethics committee approval. Its conclusion will be disseminated in conference papers, magazines, or peer-reviewed journals.

INPLASY registration number:

INPLASY202040157.
Therapeutic efficacy of Qingfei Paidu decoction combined with antiviral drugs in the treatment of corona virus disease 2019
Authors: Gao Kai , Song Yan-Ping , Chen Hao , Zhao Lin-Tao , Ma Li
Published: May 2020

Background:

The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic, there are no specific drugs and vaccines for epidemic control at present. More and more clinical practice shows that traditional Chinese medicine has played an important role in the outbreak. Among them, Qingfei Paidu decoction (QPD) combined with antiviral drugs can enhance the therapeutic efficacy for COVID-19. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive and systematic evidence, which urgently requires us to verify its therapeutic efficacy. Hence, we provide a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:

We will search the studies in MEDLINE/PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, VIP database, the Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Database and Chinese Science Citation Database. Searches are limited to clinical studies published in Chinese and English. Next, the quality of each study is assessed according to the criteria of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Then, the outcome data are recorded and pooled by Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 16.0 software.

Results:

The systematic review and meta-analysis aims to review and pool current clinical outcomes of QPD combined with antiviral drugs for the treatment of COVID-19.

Conclusion:

This study will provide a high-quality evidence of QPD for the treatment on COVID-19 patients.

PROSPERO Registration Number:

CRD42020182409.
Biomarker combination and SOFA score for the prediction of mortality in sepsis and septic shock
Authors: Song Juhyun , Moon Sungwoo , Park Dae Won , Cho Han-Jin , Kim Joo Yeong , Park Jonghak , Cha Jae Hyung
Published: May 2020

Biomarkers are valuable tools for the prediction of mortality in patients with sepsis. However, the use of a single biomarker to predict patient outcomes is challenging owing to the complexity and redundancy of the immune response to infections.

We aimed to conduct a prospective observational analysis to investigate the prognostic value of pentraxin 3, interleukin 6, procalcitonin, and lactate combined in predicting the 28-day mortality rate in patients with sepsis or septic shock (n = 160; sepsis, 78; sepsis shock, 82). Two methods (the frequency sum of values above the cutoff, and the multivariate logistic regression model) were used to assess the prognostic value of the biomarker combination.

In the receiver operating characteristic curve analyses, the combination of the 4 biomarkers was better than the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score in predicting the 28-day mortality rate, regardless of whether the frequency sum of values above the cutoff or the multivariate logistic model was used for the analysis. The addition of the SOFA score to the biomarker combination did not result in a better performance for the prediction of mortality.

The combined biomarker approach showed good performance in predicting 28-day all-cause mortality among patients diagnosed with either sepsis or septic shock according to the Sepsis-3 definitions. Furthermore, it was superior to the SOFA score in predicting mortality.
Single Y-shaped tracheal self-expandable metallic stent for emergent carinal stenosis combined with stenosis of the right main and intermediate bronchi
Authors: Li Yahua , Zhu Ming , Chen Jianjian , Ren Kewei , Wan Li , Lu Huibin , Ren Jianzhuang , Han Xinwei
Published: May 2020

To explore the outcome of placing a single Y-shaped tracheal self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) to treat emergent carinal stenosis combined with stenosis of the right main and intermediate bronchi.

The clinical and imaging data of 10 patients (8 males, 2 females) with carinal stenosis combined with stenosis of the right main and intermediate bronchi were retrospectively analyzed. There were 4 patients with esophageal cancer and 6 patients with lung cancer. All patients underwent treatment with a single Y-shaped tracheal SEMS. The long branch was inserted into the right main and intermediate bronchi, while the short branch was inserted into the left main bronchus. A modified Borg scale score was used as the criterion for assessing dyspnea in patients before and after stenting.

A total of 10 Y-shaped tracheal SEMSs were successfully placed in 10 patients without any procedure-related complications. Compared with the score before stent placement, the mean Borg score for dyspnea after stent placement decreased from 7.6 to 0.8 (P = .04). Chest computed tomography showed that the stenosis disappeared 3 to 5 days poststenting. During the follow-up period, the most common complications were tumor ingrowth (n = 5) and granulation tissue hyperplasia (n = 7). The mean survival time after tracheal stent placement was 103 ± 50 (23–172) days.

The application of a single Y-shaped tracheal SEMS for emergent carinal stenosis combined with stenosis of the right main and intermediate bronchi can effectively relieve dyspnea through a simple operation.
Systematic Review of Video Education in Underrepresented Minority Cancer Survivors
Authors: Hirschey Rachel , Bryant Ashley Leak , Walker Jennifer S. , Nolan Timiya S.
Published: May 2020

Background

Underrepresented minority (URM) cancer survivors experience disparities in mortality and quality of life, compared with non-Hispanic whites. Disparities are associated with poor social determinants of health, enhanced by mistrust of the healthcare system. Trust can be facilitated by provider-patient racial/ethnic concordance, yet URM survivors rarely experience concordance. Effective health communication is needed for this vulnerable population.

Objective

The aim of this study was to systematically review evidence on the composition and utility of health education videos among adult URM survivors.

Methods

Literature searches were conducted in Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, PsycInfo, and CINAHL databases. Articles that included adult URM cancer survivor samples and either described or tested a video intervention aimed to improve health outcomes were included. Two researchers independently screened articles for inclusion and quality appraisal and abstracted and synthesized relevant data to identify themes.

Results

Eight articles, detailing 7 independent studies, met inclusion criteria. Quality appraisal of the included studies was fair to good. Six themes were identified: (1) video development with stakeholders, (2) focus on designing culturally appropriate videos, (3) in-clinic video delivery, (4) video intervention effects, (5) provider and URM survivors support video interventions, and (6) building trust through personal stories.

Conclusions

Video interventions are well received by URMs and improve outcomes yet are underutilized. More rigorous studies are warranted to develop best practices for video development and application.

Implications for Practice

Videos serve as an easy, effective tool to achieve favorable outcomes in the care of URM survivors.
Transitional Care Models for High-Need, High-Cost Adults in the United States
Authors: Hewner Sharon , Chen Chiahui , Anderson Linda , Pasek Lana , Anderson Amanda , Popejoy Lori
Published: May 2020

Purpose of Study:

This scoping review explored research literature on the integration and coordination of services for high-need, high-cost (HNHC) patients in an attempt to answer the following questions: What models of transitional care are utilized to manage HNHC patients in the United States? and How effective are they in reducing low-value utilization and in improving continuity?

Primary Practice Settings:

U.S. urban, suburban, and rural health care sites within primary care, veterans' services, behavioral health, and palliative care.

Methodology and Sample:

Utilizing the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews, a stepwise method was applied to search multiple databases for peer-reviewed published research on transitional care models serving HNHC adult patients in the United States from 2008 to 2018. All eligible studies were included regardless of quality rating. Exclusions were foreign models, studies published prior to 2008, review articles, care reports, and studies with participants younger than 18 years. The search returned 1,088 studies, of which 19 were included.

Results:

Four studies were randomized controlled trials and other designs included case reports and observational, quasi-experimental, cohort, and descriptive studies. Studies focused on Medicaid, Medicare, dual-eligible patients, veterans, and the uninsured or underinsured. High-need, high-cost patients were identified on the basis of prior utilization patterns of inpatient and emergency department visits, high cost, multiple chronic medical diagnoses, or a combination of these factors. Tools used to identify these patients included the hierarchical condition category predictive model, the Elder Risk Assessment, and the 4-year prognostic index score. The majority of studies combined characteristics of multiple case management models with varying levels of impact.

Implications for Case Management Practice:
Doxycycline improves traumatic brain injury outcomes in a murine survival model
Authors: Malek Adil J. , Robinson Bobby D. , Hitt Angie R. , Shaver Courtney N. , Tharakan Binu , Isbell Claire L.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has significant morbidity and cost implications. Primary treatment modalities aim to decrease intracranial pressure; however, therapies targeting the underlying pathophysiology of a TBI are limited. The TBI-induced microvascular leak and secondary injury are largely due to proteolysis of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by matrix metalloproteinase-9. We previously observed doxycycline's inhibitory affinity on matrix metalloproteinase-9 resulting in preserved BBB integrity in nonsurvival murine studies. This study sought to determine the effect of doxycycline on functional motor and behavioral outcomes in the setting of a TBI murine survival model.

METHODS

C57BL/6J mice were assigned to a sham, TBI, or TBI with doxycycline arm. A moderate TBI was induced utilizing a controlled cortical impactor. The TBI with doxycycline cohort received a dose of doxycycline (20 mg/kg) 2 hours after injury and every 12 hours until postoperative day (POD) 6. All mice underwent preoperative testing for weight, modified neurological severity score, wire grip, and ataxia analysis (DigiGait). Postoperative testing was performed on POD 1, POD 3, and POD 6 for the same measures. SAS 9.4 was used for comparative analysis.

RESULTS

Fifteen sham mice, 15 TBI mice, and 10 TBI with doxycycline mice were studied. Mice treated with doxycycline had significantly improved modified neurological severity score and wire grip scores at POD 1 (allp< 0.05). Mice treated with doxycycline had significantly improved ataxia scores by POD 3 and POD 6 (allp< 0.05). There was no significant difference in rate of weight change between the three groups.

CONCLUSION

Mice treated with doxycycline following TBI demonstrated improved behavioral and motor function suggesting doxycycline's role in preserving murine BBB integrity. Examining the role of doxycycline in human TBIs is warranted given the relative universal accessibility, affordability, and safety profile of doxycycline.
Correlation of ride sharing service availability and decreased alcohol-related motor vehicle collision incidence and fatality
Authors: Friedman Jessica , Hendrix Vera , Fustok Judy , Reza Tara , Madda Prathima , Smith Alison , Mayer Scott , Duchesne Juan , Greiffenstein Patrick , Schroll Rebecca
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Alcohol-related motor vehicle collisions (AR-MVCs) account for ~30% of all US traffic fatalities. Ride-sharing services (RSS) have existed since 2010, but few studies to date have investigated their impact on AR-MVCs. We hypothesized that the availability of RSS would be correlated with a decrease in AR-MVCs at an urban Level I trauma center.

METHODS

A retrospective chart review was conducted of all AR-MVC trauma activations at a Level I trauma center from 2012 to 2018. Additional data were gathered from regional governmental traffic and law enforcement databases, including crash incidence, fatalities, and demographics. Data were compared pre- and post-RSS and analyzed using an unpaired t test with p less than 0.05 considered significant.

RESULTS

There were 1,474 patients in AR-MVCs during the study period. There was a significant decrease in the annual average proportion of MVCs that were AR-MVCs pre- vs. post-RSS (39% vs. 29%, p = 0.02) as well as a decrease in the average annual incidence of fatal AR-MVCs (11.6 vs. 5, p = 0.02). Subset analysis showed a decrease in AR-MVC incidence in 18- to 29-year-olds (12.7% vs. 7.5%; p = 0.03), which was also demonstrated by data from a local law enforcement database. Availability of RSS was also correlated with a decreased proportion of nighttime AR-MVCs (14.7% vs. 7.6%, p = 0.03) and decreased number of driving while intoxicated (1198.0 ± 78.5 vs. 612.8 ± 137.6, p = <0.01).

CONCLUSION

We found that the incidence of both total AR-MVCs and fatal AR-MVCs presenting to our trauma center decreased after the introduction of RSS. Ride-sharing services may play a role in preventing AR-MVCs. Further research is needed to correlate AR-MVC incidence with granular proprietary RSS usage data and to account for any confounding factors. Future studies may identify ways to better utilize RSS availability as a targeted intervention for certain demographic groups to prevent AR-MVCs.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Therapeutic/Care Management, Level IV.
Obesity and impaired barrier function after shock: A biomimetic in vitro model using microfluidics
Authors: Diebel Lawrence N. , Peraino Nicholas , Westrick Judy , Shinki Kazuhiko , Liberati David M.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Impaired microvascular perfusion in the obese patient has been linked to chronic adverse health consequences. The impact on acute illnesses including trauma, sepsis, and hemorrhagic shock (HS) is uncertain. Studies have shown that endothelial glycocalyx and vascular endothelial derangements are causally linked to perfusion abnormalities. Trauma and HS are also associated with impaired microvascular perfusion in which glycocalyx injury and endothelial dysfunction are sentinel events. We postulate that obesity may impact the adverse consequences of HS on the vascular barrier. This was studied in vivo in a biomimetic model of HS using microfluidic technology.

METHODS

Human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayers were established in a microfluidic device. Cells were exposed to standard or biomimetic shock conditions (hypoxia plus epinephrine) followed by perfusion from plasma obtained from obese or nonobese subjects. Endothelial glycocalyx and endothelial cellular injury were then determined.

RESULTS

Plasma from nonobese patients completely reversed glycocalyx and endothelial vascular barrier injury. Plasma from obese patients was only partially protective and was associated with differences in adipokines and other substances in the plasma of these patients.

CONCLUSION

Our study supports that obesity impairs HS resuscitation. This may be due to microrheological differences between nonobese and obese individuals and may contribute to the poorer outcome in this patient population.
Safety and Feasibility Report of Robotic-assisted Left Lateral Sectionectomy for Pediatric Living Donor Liver Transplantation: A Comparative Analysis of Learning Curves and Mastery Achieved With the Laparoscopic Approach
Authors: Troisi Roberto I. , Elsheikh Yasser , Alnemary Yasir , Zidan Ahmed , Sturdevant Mark , Alabbad Saleh , Algoufi Talal , Shagrani Mohammed , Broering Dieter C.
Published: May 2020

Background.

There is a growing interest in left lateral sectionectomy for donor hepatectomy. No data are available concerning the safety of the robotic (ROB) approach.

Methods.

A retrospective comparative study was conducted on 75 consecutive minimally invasive donor hepatectomies. The first 25 ROB procedures performed from November 2018 to July 2019 were compared with our first (LAP1) and last 25 (LAP2) laparoscopic cases performed between May 2013 and October 2018. Short-term donors and recipients’ outcomes were analyzed.

Results.

No conversions were noticed in ROB whereas 2 conversions (8%) were recorded in LAP1 and none in LAP2. Blood loss was significantly less in ROB compared with LAP1 (P ≤ 0.001) but not in LAP2. Warm ischemia time was longer in ROB (P ≤ 0.001) with respect to the other groups. Operative time was similar in the 3 groups (P = 0.080); however, the hospital stay was shorter in ROB (P = 0.048). The trend in operative time in ROB was significantly shorter compared to LAP1 and LAP2: linear R2 0.478, P≤0.001; R2 0.012, P = 0.596; R3 0.004, P = 0.772, respectively. Donor morbidity was nihil in ROB, similar in LAP1 and LAP2 (n=3%–12%; P = 0.196). ROB procedures required less postoperative analgesia (P = 0.002). Recipient complications were similar for all groups (P = 0.274), and no early retransplantations were recorded.

Conclusions.

Robotic left lateral sectionectomy for donor hepatectomy is a safe procedure with results comparable to the laparoscopy in terms of donor morbidity and overall recipients’ outcome when the procedure is performed by experts. Certainly, its use is currently very limited.
Cyclobacterium salsum sp. nov. and Cyclobacterium roseum sp. nov., isolated from a saline lake
Authors: Liu Yong-Hong , Xie Yuan-Guo , Li Li , Jiang Hong-Chen , Mohamad Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy , Hozzein Wael , Fang Bao-Zhu , Li Wen-Jun
Published: May 2020

Two novel strains, designated SYSU L10167T and SYSU L10180T, were isolated from sediment sampled at Dabancheng saline lake in Xinjiang, PR China. A polyphasic approach was used to clarify the taxonomic positions of the two strains. Cells of the isolates were curved ring-like, horseshoe-shaped or rod-shaped, non-motile and non-spore-forming. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, heterotrophic and rose-pigmented. The phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains SYSU L10167T and SYSU L10180T formed a distinct lineage within the genus

Cyclobacterium

. Strains SYSU L10167T and SYSU L10180T showed highest similarities to

Cyclobacterium jeungdonense

KCTC 23150T (98.0 and 97.4%, respectively). Results of genomic analyses (including average nucleotide identity, digital DNA–DNA hybridization and the marker gene tree) and pan-genome analysis further confirmed that strains SYSU L10167T and SYSU L10180T were separate from each other and other species of the genus

Cyclobacterium

. The draft genomes of the isolates had sizes of 5.5–5.7 Mb and reﬂected their major physiological capabilities. Based on phenotypic, physiological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic characterization, we propose that the isolates represent two novel species, for which the names Cyclobacterium salsum sp. nov. and Cyclobacterium roseum sp. nov. are proposed. The type strains of the species are SYSU L10167T (=KCTC 72390T=CGMCC 1.17521T) and SYSU L10180T (=KCTC 72391T=CGMCC 1.17278T).
The Impact of Environmental Risk Factors on Delirium and Benefits of Noise and Light Modifications: A Scoping Review
Authors: Hashemighouchani Haleh , Cupka Julie , Lipori Jessica , Ruppert Matthew M , Ingersent Elizabeth , Ozrazgat-Baslanti Tezcan , Rashidi Parisa , Bihorac Azra
Published: May 2020

Purpose

To explore existing literature on the association between environmental risk factors with delirium and to investigate the effectiveness of environmental modifications on prevention or management of delirium.

Materials and Methods

This is a scoping review of peer-reviewed studies in Pubmed and the reference lists of reviewed articles. Observational studies reporting the effect of noise, light, and circadian rhythm on delirium and interventional studies assessing delirium in modified environments were reviewed.

Results

Thirty eight studies were included, of which, 21 evaluated impact of environment on delirium, and 16 studied the interventions. Interventions targeted reducing noise exposure, improving light exposure to follow circadian rhythm, and promoting sleep. Mixed findings of the reviewed studies yielded to inconclusive results; however quiet-time protocols, earplugs, and bright light therapy might benefit prevention, or management of delirium.

Results

Thirty seven studies were included, 21 of which evaluated the impact of environment on delirium and 16 studied possible solutions to mitigate those impacts. Mixed findings of the reviewed studies yielded inconclusive results; a clearly delineated association between high noise levels, abnormal amounts of light exposure, and sleep disruption with delirium could not be established. Interventions targeted reducing noise exposure, improving day-time and mitigating night-time light exposure to follow circadian rhythm, and promoting sleep. The overall evidence supporting effectiveness of environmental interventions was also of a low confidence; however, quiet-time protocols, earplugs, and bright light therapy showed a benefit for prevention or management of delirium.

Conclusion

Environmental modifications are non-invasive, risk-free, and low-cost strategies that may be beneficial in preventing and managing delirium, especially when used as part of a multi-component plan. However, given the limited evidence-based conclusions, further high-quality and larger studies focusing on environmental modifications and delirium outcomes are strongly recommended.
Transcription factor TGA2 is essential for UV-B stress tolerance controlling oxidative stress in Arabidopsis
Authors: Herrera-Vásquez Ariel , Fonseca Alejandro , Ugalde José Manuel , Lamig Liliana , Seguel Aldo , Moyano Tomás C. , Gutiérrez Rodrigo A. , Salinas Paula , Vidal Elena A. , Holuigue Loreto
Published: May 2020

Plants possess a diversity of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-processing enzymes involved in sensing and controlling ROS levels under basal and stressful conditions. There is little information on the transcriptional regulators that control the expression of these ROS-processing enzymes, particularly at the onset of the defense response to abiotic stress. Filling this gap, this paper reports a critical role for Arabidopsis TGA class II factors (TGA2, TGA5, and TGA6) in the tolerance response to UV-B light and photooxidative stress, by activating the expression of genes with antioxidative roles. We identified two clusters of genes responsive to UV-B and activated by TGA2/5/6 were identified using RNAseq and clustering analysis. The GSTU gene family, which encodes glutathione transferase enzymes from the Tau subclass, was overrepresented in these clusters. We corroborated the TGA2-mediated activation in response to UV-B for three model genes (GSTU7, GSTU8, and GSTU25) using RT-qPCR and ChIP analyses. Interestingly, using tga256 mutant and TGA2- and GSTU7-complemented mutant plants, we demonstrated that TGA2-mediated induction of GSTU genes is essential to control ROS levels and oxidative damage after UV-B and MeV treatments. This evidence positions TGA class II factors, particularly TGA2, as a key players in the redox signaling network of Arabidopsis plants.

Highlight

Arabidopsis TGA2 transcription factor is part of the redox-signaling network controlling ROS levels and oxidative damage in tolerance response to UV-B and photooxidative stress, via activation of antioxidant GSTU genes.