bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Agriculture Productivity and Economic Growth in India: An Ardl Model
Authors: Ansari Shoaib , Ashkra . , Jadaun Krishna Kumar
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The research aims to investigate agricultural production and its influence on India's economic growth.

Methods: The ADF test has been used to determine variable stationarity. Using secondary data from 1991 to 2020, the ARDL Model was used to estimate the long-run and short-run links between agricultural production and economic growth.

Findings: Our empirical findings reveal that the GCF and inflation rate are negatively correlated with economic growth in the short and long term. In contrast, all other factors have a positive link with economic growth.

Research Implication: We believe that The government has employed various tactics to maintain farm prices and profits. They imposed production limitations and subsidy programs that made direct payments to farmers. It is more efficient for the government to supply farmers with the required inputs, and farmers can use those cost-effective inputs in various agricultural operations.

Future Research Suggestion: The research has certain flaws because it only looks at five different crops and evaluates their influence on economic expansion over the previous three decades. The new study, with its many variables and long year, presents an opportunity to boost India's agricultural output, despite the fact that it has several flaws.
Living in an Age of Pandemics—From COVID-19 to Monkeypox, Polio, and Disease X
Authors: Gostin Lawrence O.
Published: September 2022

This JAMA Forum discusses pandemic drivers and the lessons learned by health systems during the COVID-19 pandemic, including global cooperation, equity, health communication, and childhood vaccinations, and provides 5 steps toward a more secure future with information on prevention, preparedness, response, recovery, and resilience.
Association of Follow-up Blood Cultures With Mortality in Patients With Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections
Authors: Thaden Joshua T. , Cantrell Sarah , Dagher Michael , Tao Yazhong , Ruffin Felicia , Maskarinec Stacey A. , Goins Stacy , Sinclair Matthew , Parsons Joshua B. , Eichenberger Emily , Fowler Vance G.
Published: September 2022

Importance

Obtaining follow-up blood cultures (FUBCs) in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (BSI) is standard practice, although its utility in patients with gram-negative bacterial BSI (GN-BSI) is unclear.

Objective

To examine whether obtaining FUBCs is associated with decreased mortality (key question [KQ] 1) and whether positive vs negative FUBCs are associated with increased mortality (KQ2).

Data Sources

MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and gray literature were searched from inception to March 11, 2022.

Study Selection

Two investigators used predefined eligibility criteria to independently screen titles, abstracts, and relevant full texts. Randomized clinical trials or observational studies that matched or statistically adjusted for differences in, at minimum, level of acute illness between patients in the intervention (eg, FUBCs obtained) and control (eg, FUBCs not obtained) groups were included in primary analyses. Articles published in languages other than English were excluded.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Data abstraction and quality assessments were performed by one investigator and verified by a second investigator. Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Effect sizes were pooled using random-effects models. The study followed the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) reporting guideline.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Mortality before hospital discharge or up to 30 days from the index blood culture.

Results

From 3495 studies, 15 were included (all nonrandomized). In the 5 studies (n = 4378 patients) that met criteria for the KQ1 primary analysis, obtaining FUBCs was associated with decreased mortality (hazard ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.45-0.71). For KQ2, 2 studies met criteria for the primary analysis (ie, matched or statistically adjusted for differences in patients with positive vs negative FUBCs), so an exploratory meta-analysis of all 9 studies that investigated KQ2 (n = 3243 patients) was performed. Positive FUBCs were associated with increased mortality relative to negative blood cultures (odds ratio, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.54-3.34). Limitations of the literature included a lack of randomized studies and few patient subgroup analyses.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, obtaining FUBCs in patients with GN-BSI was associated with decreased mortality. The benefit of FUBCs may stem from identification of patients with positive FUBCs, which was a poor prognostic marker.
Association of Postpartum Maternal Mood With Infant Speech Perception at 2 and 6.5 Months of Age
Authors: Schaadt Gesa , Zsido Rachel G. , Villringer Arno , Obrig Hellmuth , Männel Claudia , Sacher Julia
Published: September 2022

Importance

Language development builds on speech perception, with early disruptions increasing the risk for later language difficulties. Although a major postpartum depressive episode is associated with language development, this association has not been investigated among infants of mothers experiencing a depressed mood at subclinical levels after birth, even though such a mood is frequently present in the first weeks after birth. Understanding whether subclinical depressed maternal mood after birth is associated with early language development is important given opportunities of coping strategies for subclinical depressed mood.

Objective

To examine whether depressed maternal mood at subclinical levels 2 months after birth is associated with infant speech perception trajectories from ages 2 to 6.5 months.

Design, Setting, and Participants

In this longitudinal cohort study conducted between January 1, 2018, and October 31, 2019, 46 healthy, monolingual German mother-infant dyads were tested. The sample was recruited from the infants database of the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences. Initial statistical analysis was performed between January 1 and March 31, 2021; the moderation analysis (results reported herein) was conducted between July 1 and July 31, 2022.

Exposures

Mothers reported postpartum mood via the German version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (higher scores indicated higher levels of depressed mood, with a cutoff of 13 points indicating a high probability of clinical depression) when their infants were 2 months old.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Electrophysiological correlates of infant speech perception (mismatch response to speech stimuli) were tested when the infants were aged 2 months (initial assessment) and 6.5 months (follow-up).

Results

A total of 46 mothers (mean [SD] age, 32.1 [3.8] years) and their 2-month-old children (mean [SD] age, 9.6 [1.2] weeks; 23 girls and 23 boys) participated at the initial assessment, and 36 mothers (mean [SD] age, 32.2 [4.1] years) and their then 6.5-month-old children (mean [SD] age, 28.4 [1.5 weeks; 18 girls and 18 boys) participated at follow-up. Moderation analyses revealed that more depressed maternal subclinical postpartum mood (mean [SD] Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score, 4.8 [3.6]) was associated with weaker longitudinal changes of infants’ electrophysiological brain responses to syllable pitch speech information from ages 2 to 6.5 months (coefficient: 0.68; 95% CI, 0.03-1.33; P = .04).

Conclusions and Relevance

The results of this cohort study suggest that infant speech perception trajectories are correlated with subclinical depressed mood in postpartum mothers. This finding lays the groundwork for future research on early support for caregivers experiencing depressed mood to have a positive association with children’s language development.
Analysis of Substance Use Disorder Treatment Admissions in the US by Sex and Race and Ethnicity Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cantor Jonathan H. , Whaley Christopher M. , Stein Bradley D. , Powell David
Published: September 2022

This cross-sectional study examines the changes in treatment admissions for substance use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic by sex and race and ethnicity.
Association of Drugs With Acute Angle Closure
Authors: Na Kyeong Ik , Park Sung Pyo
Published: September 2022

Importance

Acute angle-closure (AAC) glaucoma is a sight-threatening disease and can reportedly occur in association with various drugs.

Objective

To identify drugs that are associated with AAC glaucoma occurrence and evaluate the risk of AAC associated with each drug.

Design, Setting, and Participants

A case-crossover study was conducted using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database, which contains medical information of the entire Korean population. Patients who were first diagnosed with AAC and treated between 2013 and 2019 were identified using diagnostic and procedure codes. All drugs that the study participants were prescribed as well as prescription dates during the period of 1 to 180 days before the onset of AAC were extracted from the database. For each patient, 1 to 30 days before onset was considered the hazard period, and 91 to 180 days before AAC onset was considered the control period.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Drugs associated with AAC and odds (calculated as odds ratios [ORs] with 95% CIs) of AAC development associated with each identified drug.

Results

A total of 949 drugs that were prescribed to 13 531 patients with AAC (mean [SD] age, 66.8 [10.6] years; 9585 [70.8%] female) during the period of 1 to 180 days before the onset of AAC were analyzed. A total of 61 drugs were found to be associated with AAC, among which sumatriptan (OR, 12.60 [95% CI, 4.13-38.44]) was associated with the highest odds of AAC development, followed by topiramate (OR, 5.10 [95% CI, 2.22-11.70]) and duloxetine (OR, 4.04 [95% CI, 2.95-5.54]). The median (IQR) period from prescription of the drug to the onset of AAC for the 61 drugs was 11.9 days (10.9-12.8). A number of drugs not previously considered to be associated with AAC, including lactulose (OR, 2.81 [95% CI, 1.72-4.61]) and metoclopramide (OR, 2.52 [95% CI, 1.95-3.25]), were identified.

Conclusions and Relevance

Results of this case-crossover study suggest a need to consider AAC risk in patients taking any of the 61 drugs found to be associated with AAC.
Mental health and wellbeing of seafaring personnel during COVID-19: Scoping review
Authors: Brooks Samantha K , Greenberg Neil
Published: September 2022

Objectives

We aimed to synthesize published literature on seafarers' mental health and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

This scoping review searched four electronic databases for literature on the mental health and wellbeing of seafarers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results

Fourteen studies were included in the review. Few reported on the prevalence of mental health conditions. Only one compared mental health data gathered during the pandemic to pre-pandemic matched samples, suggesting symptoms of depression and anxiety were greater during the pandemic. There was some evidence that mental health worsened with longer stays on board during the pandemic and being on board longer than expected. Crew exchange difficulties forced many participants to extend their contracts or delay repatriation, often with little information as to when they might get to go home, leading them to feel they had no control over their lives and causing concern about fatigue and the potential for accidents and injuries. Participants described other challenges such as denial of shore leave; concerns about finances and future employment; loneliness and isolation; fears of COVID-19 infection; limited access to essential supplies; and feeling unsupported by management.

Conclusions

Maritime organizations must understand how best to support their staff in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic and in any other prolonged crises that may arise in the future. Recommendations include ensuring that staff feel valued by their organization; enhancing work-related autonomy; ensuring that communication is accurate, consistent, and timely; and using lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic to inform emergency preparedness policies.
Adult‐onset dominant muscular dystrophy in Greek families caused by Annexin A11
Authors: Johari Mridul , Papadimas George , Papadopoulos Constantinos , Xirou Sophia , Kanavaki Aikaterini , Chrysanthou‐Piterou Margarita , Rusanen Salla , Savarese Marco , Hackman Peter , Udd Bjarne
Published: September 2022

Objective

Mutations in the prion‐like domain of RNA binding proteins cause dysfunctional stress responses and associated aggregate pathology in patients with neurogenic and myopathic phenotypes. Recently, mutations in ANXA11 have been reported in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multisystem proteinopathy. Here we studied families with an autosomal dominant muscle disease caused by ANXA11:c.118G > T;p.D40Y.

Methods

We performed deep phenotyping and exome sequencing of patients from four large Greek families, including seven affected individuals with progressive muscle disease but no family history of multi‐organ involvement or ALS.

Results

In our study, all patients presented with an autosomal dominant muscular dystrophy without any Paget disease of bone nor signs of frontotemporal dementia or Parkinson's disease. Histopathological analysis showed rimmed vacuoles with annexin A11 accumulations. Electron microscopy analysis showed myofibrillar abnormalities with disorganization of the sarcomeric structure and Z‐disc dissolution, and subsarcolemmal autophagic material with myeloid formations. Molecular genetic analysis revealed ANXA11:c.118G > T;p.D40Y segregating with the phenotype.

Interpretation

Although the pathogenic mechanisms associated with p.D40Y mutation in the prion‐like domain of Annexin A11 need to be further clarified, our study provides robust and clear genetic evidence to support the expansion of the phenotypic spectrum of ANXA11.
Vapor‐Phase Growth Strategies of Fabricating Organic Crystals for Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Xia Xing‐Yu , Ding Ling‐Yi , Lv Qiang , Wang Xue‐Dong , Liao Liang‐Sheng
Published: September 2022

Vapor‐phase growth methods, taking the advantages of producing high‐quality crystals with low defects, thin thickness, and homogeneous composition, are of great significance in the field of organic crystal growth and their high‐performance applications. At present, the requirements for organic crystals as building blocks for the construction of optoelectronic devices are increasing with the constant advances in organic optoelectronics. Therefore, the vapor‐phase growth method would become one of the practical techniques that cannot be ignored to fabricate organic crystals. In this paper, an overview of different vapor‐phase growth methods for the preparation of organic single crystals is provided. An introduction to the current status of the vapor phase method is presented and the view on the challenges it faces with some promising solution ideas. It is believed that this review will serve as a reference for further development and an inspiration for the new way forward.
(Under)valuing lived experience in the disability workforce: A snapshot of Australian job recruitment
Authors: Davies Kate , Butler Katie
Published: September 2022

The Australian disability workforce has grown, and there is compelling evidence that peer work has a number of valuable impacts. Despite these apparent opportunities, there continue to be high levels of unemployment among people with disability and failure to draw on the assets of people with disability in Australian workplaces. To understand these ostensible missed opportunities, this study examined the ways in which lived experience was described as an asset in disability workforce recruitment. Advertisements for positions in New South Wales, Australia, that referred to lived experience or peer work and disability were collected over a 3‐month period. Through a process of content analysis, we found that there were more employment opportunities for people with lived experience of mental illness than for other types of disability. Community engagement was a key function, and peer workers were described as complementary to professionals. Recruitment processes for lived experience jobs were not necessarily accessible. We recommend systemic reforms to facilitate recognition of lived experience as a valuable criterion for disability sector employment and to harness the benefits of a disability peer workforce.
Inhibition of the dopamine transporter promotes lysosome biogenesis and ameliorates Alzheimer's disease–like symptoms in mice
Authors: Yin Limin , Zhou Jianhui , Li Tianyou , Wang Xinghua , Xue Wenlong , Zhang Jie , Lin Lingxi , Wang Ning , Kang Xinyi , Zhou Yu , Liu Hong , Li Yang
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Lysosomes are degradative organelles that maintain cellular homeostasis and protein quality control. Transcription factor EB (TFEB)–mediated lysosome biogenesis enhances lysosome‐dependent degradation and alleviates neurodegenerative diseases, but the mechanisms underlying TFEB regulation and modification are still poorly understood.

Methods

By screening novel small‐molecule compounds, we identified a group of lysosome‐enhancing compounds (LYECs) that promote TFEB activation and lysosome biogenesis.

Results

One of these compounds, LH2‐051, significantly inhibited the function of the dopamine transporter (DAT) and subsequently promoted lysosome biogenesis. We uncovered cyclin‐dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) as a novel regulator of DAT‐mediated lysosome biogenesis and identified six novel CDK9‐phosphorylated sites on TFEB. We observed that signal transduction by the DAT‐CDK9‐TFEB axis occurs on lysosomes. Finally, we found that LH2‐051 enhanced the degradation of amyloid beta plaques and improved the memory of amyloid precursor protein (APP)/Presenilin 1 (PS1) mice.

Discussion

We identified the DAT‐CDK9‐TFEB signaling axis as a novel regulator of lysosome biogenesis. Our study sheds light on the mechanisms of protein quality control under pathophysiological conditions.
Three‐dimensional numerical simulation on fiber orientation of short‐glass‐fiber‐reinforced polypropylene composite thin‐wall injection‐molded parts simultaneously accounting for wall slip effect and pressure dependence of viscosity
Authors: Jiang Qing‐song , Liu He‐sheng , Wang Xiao‐chun , Hu Zhi‐xin , Zhou Hai‐ying , Nie Hua‐rong
Published: September 2022

On account of the inherent features of the thin‐wall injection molding process, a three‐dimensional numerical model, which accounts for wall slip effect and pressure dependence of viscosity (PDoV), was proposed for a more accurate simulation of the fiber orientation in thin‐wall injection‐molded parts of short‐glass‐fiber‐reinforced polymer composites (SGFRPC). First, the fiber orientation was simulated using the three‐dimensional and mid‐plane models, respectively. The comparison between the simulated and experimental results verifies that the three‐dimensional numerical results were in better agreement with the experimental measurements. Secondly, the influences of wall slip effect and PDoV on fiber orientation in thin‐wall injection‐molded parts of SGFRPC were analyzed based on the three‐dimensional numerical model. The results show that the three‐dimensional numerical simulation simultaneously accounting for wall slip effect and PDoV can better predict the fiber orientation in thin‐wall injection‐molded parts of SGFRPC, suggesting the validation of the proposed model. Finally, five main processing parameters, that is, injection rate, melt temperature, mold temperature, packing pressure, and packing time, were also studied in terms of their influences on the fiber orientation in thin‐wall injection‐molded parts of SGFRPC.
A critical analysis of stalking theory and implications for research and practice
Authors: Parkhill Alice J. , Nixon Margaret , McEwan Troy E.
Published: September 2022

This article comprehensively reviews and critiques theories providing an aetiological account of stalking. We evaluate applications of preexisting psychological theories to stalking (attachment theory, evolutionary theory, social learning theory, information processing models of aggression, coercive control theory, and behavioural theory) as well as the only novel theory of stalking to date: Relational goal pursuit theory. Our aim was to identify which are supported by research, identify gaps in theoretical scope and explanatory depth and examine how current theories might inform clinical practice. This evaluation suggests that theories of stalking are underdeveloped relative to other areas of forensic clinical psychology and the theoretical literature is relatively stagnant. Consequently, there is limited research into clinically meaningful constructs that can guide the assessment, formulation and treatment of this client group. We identify similarities across existing theories, discussing implications for future research and clinical practice with people who stalk.
Phase I study of plitidepsin in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Mateos María Victoria , Prosper Felipe , Martin Sánchez Jesús , Ocio Enrique M. , Oriol Albert , Motlló Cristina , Michot Jean‐Marie , Jarque Isidro , Iglesias Rebeca , Solé María , Martínez Sara , Kahatt Carmen , Fudio Salvador , Corral Gema , Zeaiter Ali , Montilla Lola , Ribrag Vincent
Published: September 2022

Previous studies showed antitumor activity for plitidepsin plus dexamethasone (DXM) in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (r/r MM), and in vitro synergism with bortezomib (BTZ) or DXM against MM cells. This phase I trial evaluated plitidepsin (3‐h intravenous infusion Day 1 and 15), BTZ (subcutaneous bolus Day 1, 4, 8, and 11), and DXM (orally Day 1, 8, 15, and 22), every 4 weeks in 36 r/r MM patients. Twenty‐two patients were treated using a standard dose escalation design (10 at the recommended dose [RD] cohort), and 14 additional patients were treated to expand the RD cohort. No dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) occurred during dose escalation. The highest dose level evaluated (plitidepsin 5.0 mg/m2, BTZ 1.3 mg/m2, DXM 40.0 mg) was the RD for phase II studies. Results shown herein are focused on this RD. Two patients had DLTs (grade 3 diarrhea, and grade 3 nausea/vomiting refractory to antiemetic therapy). Grade ≥ 3 hematological toxicity (thrombocytopenia 46%, anemia 33%, and neutropenia 17%) was manageable and did not result in treatment discontinuation. Transient and manageable grade 3 ALT increase (26%) was the most common biochemical abnormality. At the RD cohort, overall response rate was 22.2% (95%CI, 6.4%–47.6%), including one stringent complete response, one very good partial response, and two partial responses in r/r patients to BTZ and/or lenalidomide. The clinical benefit rate was 77.8% (95%CI, 52.4–93.6%). No major pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction was found. In conclusion, the triple combination of plitidepsin, BTZ, and DXM showed an acceptable safety profile and had moderate activity in adult patients with r/r MM.
Technology readiness level of gas hydrate technologies
Authors: Englezos Peter
Published: September 2022

Gas or clathrate hydrates are non‐stoichiometric crystalline materials known primarily for the operational and safety problems they pose during hydrocarbon processing as well as a potential source of unconventional natural gas. Gas hydrates also have a variety of other applications, mostly representing opportunities for technology development such as gas separations and seawater desalination. This dual nature of gas hydrates is best represented by the two faces of a Janus particle. Although the research on the various gas hydrate‐based technologies has been reviewed, the focus has been on the phase equilibrium and kinetic data needed for process design. On the other hand, the status of the technologies in terms of their commercialization has not been methodically assessed. In this work, we employ the nine‐level technology readiness level (TRL) tool to classify the various technologies that are based on gas hydrate crystallization. A brief review of the current status of the technologies is presented first, followed by the status of each one on the TRL scale.
Synthesis, Cellular Uptake, and Photodynamic Activity of Oligogalactosyl Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines
Authors: Xiong Junlong , Xue Evelyn Y. , Ng Dennis K. P.
Published: September 2022

A series of di‐α‐substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines with different number of galactose moieties, ranging from 1 to 8, namely Pc‐galn (n=1, 2, 4, and 8) were designed and synthesized. The synthesis involved the copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reaction of a mono‐ or dialkynyl zinc(II) phthalocyanine with an acetyl‐protected galactosyl azide or its dendritic derivative with four acetyl‐protected galactosyl groups, followed by removal of the acetyl protecting groups via alkaline hydrolysis. In N,N‐dimethylformamide, these oligogalactosyl phthalocyanines were non‐aggregated as shown by the strong Q‐band absorption and fluorescence emission. Owing to the di‐α‐substitution, they also behaved as efficient singlet oxygen generators upon light irradiation with a singlet oxygen quantum yield of 0.84. The spectroscopic and photophysical properties were not affected by the number of galactosyl units. In contrast, the compounds became significantly aggregated and quenched in phosphate‐buffered saline. Their cellular uptake was then studied using a range of cell lines, which generally followed the order Pc‐gal1>Pc‐gal2≈Pc‐gal4>Pc‐gal8. Interestingly, the di‐galactosyl analogue exhibited selective uptake against HeLa human cervical carcinoma cells through an energy‐dependent pathway instead of the expected asialoglycoprotein receptor. Upon light irradiation, it could effectively kill the cells with a half‐maximal inhibitory concentration of 0.58 μM.
Kinase‐Catalyzed Crosslinking and Immunoprecipitation (K‐CLIP) to Explore Kinase‐Substrate Pairs
Authors: Beltman Rachel J. , Pflum Mary Kay H.
Published: September 2022

Kinases are responsible for phosphorylation of proteins and are involved in many biological processes, including cell signaling. Identifying the kinases that phosphorylate specific phosphoproteins is critical to augment the current understanding of cellular events. Herein, we report a general protocol to study the kinases of a target substrate phosphoprotein using kinase‐catalyzed crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (K‐CLIP). K‐CLIP uses a photocrosslinking γ‐phosphoryl‐modified ATP analog, such as ATP‐arylazide, to covalently crosslink substrates to kinases with UV irradiation. Crosslinked kinase‐substrate complexes can then be enriched by immunoprecipitating the target substrate phosphoprotein, with bound kinase(s) identified using Western blot or mass spectrometry analysis. K‐CLIP is an adaptable chemical tool to investigate and discover kinase‐substrate pairs, which will promote characterization of complex phosphorylation‐mediated cell biology. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Basic Protocol 1: Kinase‐catalyzed crosslinking of lysates

Basic Protocol 2: Kinase‐catalyzed crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (K‐CLIP)
Screening for eating disorders across genders in college students: Initial validation of the brief assessment of stress and eating
Authors: Forbush Kelsie T. , Richson Brianne N. , Swanson Trevor J. , Thomeczek Marianna L. , Negi Sonakshi , Johnson Sarah N. , Chapa Danielle A. N. , Morgan R. William , O'Brien Colin J. , Gould Sara R. , Christensen Kara Alise , Chen Yiyang
Published: September 2022

Given that eating disorders (EDs) are relatively common in college populations, it is important to have reliable and valid tools to identify students so that they can be referred to evidence‐based care. Although research supports the psychometric properties of existing ED screens for identifying cases of EDs, most studies have been conducted in samples of young white‐majority women or have not reported the psychometric properties of the screening tool in men.

Objective

The purpose of the current study was to validate a brief, 10‐item screening tool for the identification of EDs—the brief assessment of stress and eating (BASE).

Method

Participants were college students (N = 596; 68.2% cisgender women) from a large Midwestern university who completed the BASE and SCOFF. The Eating Disorders Diagnostic Survey was used to generate DSM‐5 ED diagnoses. We evaluated area under the curve (AUC) for both receiver operating curves (ROC) and precision‐recall curves (PRC).

Results

Both the BASE and SCOFF performed significantly better than chance at identifying probable EDs in cisgender women (BASE AUC: ROC = .787, PRC = .633, sensitivity = .733, specificity = .697; SCOFF AUC: ROC = .810, PRC = .684, sensitivity = .793, specificity = .701). However, the BASE (AUC: ROC = .821, PRC = .605, sensitivity = .966, specificity = .495) significantly outperformed the SCOFF (AUC: ROC = .710, PRC = .354, sensitivity = .828, specificity = .514) for identifying probable EDs in cisgender college men.

Discussion

The BASE is appropriate for student healthcare and college research settings. Because the BASE outperforms the SCOFF in college men, results from the current study are expected to contribute to improved identification of EDs on college campuses.

Public Significance

The BASE is a new screening tool to identify eating disorders. The BASE performed as well as, if not better than, the SCOFF (particularly in men). Given the need for brief, psychometrically strong, and unbiased ED screening tools in college students, the current study helps address an unmet student healthcare need that we expect will contribute to improved identification of EDs on college campuses.
Impacts of insect frass and cadavers on soil surface litter decomposition along a tropical forest temperature gradient
Authors: Hwang Bernice C. , Giardina Christian P. , Litton Creighton M. , Francisco Kainana S. , Pacheco Cody , Thomas Naneaikealaula , Uehara Tyler , Metcalfe Daniel B.
Published: September 2022

Insect herbivores play important roles in shaping many ecosystem processes, but how climate change will alter the effects of insect herbivory are poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we quantified for the first time how insect frass and cadavers affected leaf litter decomposition rates and nutrient release along a highly constrained 4.3°C mean annual temperature (MAT) gradient in a Hawaiian montane tropical wet forest. We constructed litterbags of standardized locally sourced leaf litter, with some amended with insect frass + cadavers to produce treatments designed to simulate ambient (Control = no amendment), moderate (Amended‐Low = 2 × Control level), or severe (Amended‐High = 11 × Control level) insect outbreak events. Multiple sets of these litterbags were deployed across the MAT gradient, with individual litterbags collected periodically over one year to assess how rising MAT altered the effects of insect deposits on litter decomposition rates and nitrogen (N) release. Increased MAT and insect inputs additively increased litter decomposition rates and N immobilization rates, with effects being stronger for Amended‐High litterbags. However, the apparent temperature sensitivity (Q10) of litter decomposition was not clearly affected by amendments. The effects of adding insect deposits in this study operated differently than the slower litter decomposition and greater N mobilization rates often observed in experiments which use chemical fertilizers (e.g., urea, ammonium nitrate). Further research is required to understand mechanistic differences between amendment types. Potential increases in outbreak‐related herbivore deposits coupled with climate warming will accelerate litter decomposition and nutrient cycling rates with short‐term consequences for nutrient cycling and carbon storage in tropical montane wet forests.
Feeding ecology of Ellochelon vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) living in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Dinh Quang Minh , Truong Ngon Trong , Nguyen Ton Huu Duc , Lam Tran Thi Huyen , Nguyen Tien Thi Kieu , Le Dung Quang , Das Simon Kumar
Published: September 2022

Ellochelon vaigiensis (squaretail mullet) adapts to a wide salt spectrum, grows quickly and is easy to raise with other species, so it is the object of attention in aquaculture. Information on the biology and ecology of the species, diet, in particular, is still scattered. Here, we explore the feeding habit, feeding intensity, and food composition of the squaretail mullet. A total of 942 fish (526 males and 416 females) were collected from November 2020 to October 2021 at four coastal sites in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The squaretail mullet is an algi‐omnivorous fish, as their relative gut length (1.81) falls into the range 1–3, and the diet is mostly based on algae. The feeding intensity is high due to the high value of the fullness index (4.39 ± 0.08%). The fullness index did not vary by sampling site and month, while RGL and FI changed depending on sex. Bacillariophyta (49.13%), detritus derived from organic matter (30.37%), and Cyanophyta (18.39%) are the dominant food items in the diet composition of E. vaigiensis, in which detritus is the most important food with the highest IRI index. Besides, Euglenophyta (1.00%), Chlorophyta (0.95%), Paramecium (0.06%), Copepoda (0.04%), Rotatoria (0.03%), Polychaeta (0.02%), and Cladocera (0.01%) are also recorded and ranked based on their biovolume. Some differences in diet composition are observed between immature and mature at different seasons and their interactions. Our results increase the knowledge about the feeding ecology of squaretail mullet and can help the sustainable management of this commercially important fish species.
Atomic Heterointerface Engineering of Nickel Selenide Confined Nickel Molybdenum Nitride for High‐Performance Solar‐Driven Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Jingqiang , Tran Duy Thanh , Chang Kai , Prabhakaran Sampath , Kim Do Hwan , Kim Nam Hoon , Lee Joong Hee
Published: September 2022

A heterostructured electrocatalyst of small NiSe2 nanoparticles confined NiMoN nanorods (NiSe2–NPs/NiMoN–NRs) is prepared to accelerate both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in a same alkaline medium. The synergistic effects caused by the combination of merits derived from NiSe2 and NiMoN phases trigger an optimum electronic structure with high density of state at near Fermi level and enhance adsorption free energy, thereby resulting in excellent catalytic activities and strengthened working stability. The catalyst requires a low overpotential of 58 mV for HER and 241 mV for OER to reach 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 M KOH electrolyte. A two‐electrode electrolyzer based on the developed catalyst shows outstanding cell voltage of 1.51 and 1.46 V to reach 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 M and 30 wt% KOH solution at 25 °C for overall water splitting, respectively. In addition, the solar‐driven water splitting process delivers a high solar‐to‐H2 conversion efficiency of ∼18.4%, impressively unveiling that the developed bifunctional catalyst is highly potential for overall water splitting to produce green hydrogen fuel.
A simulation study of an innovation‐driven sustainable development model and its impacts and applications: A case study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Haofei
Published: September 2022

The economic development process is accompanied by energy consumption and environmental pollution, difficulties which must be overcome to realize sustainable development. A system dynamics model is constructed to simulate the pattern characteristics of an innovation‐driven coupling system scenario for economic development, energy consumption and environmental pollution in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Then, the impulse response relationship between technological progress and economic, energy and environmental system indexes is further explored by using a vector autoregression (VAR) model. The results show that (1) the model is suitable for predictive analysis. (2) Adjusting the model parameters shows that the innovation‐driven development mode is the optimal sustainable development mode of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. (3) VAR model analysis shows that technological progress has a significant long‐term positive impact on the economic development system index, and the growth of primary industry is the most significant. Technological progress has a significant long‐term inhibition effect on energy consumption and environmental pollution system indicators, among which the inhibition effect on wastewater discharge and power consumption is the strongest. Finally, suggestions are proposed to increase investment in agricultural technology, smart countryside, and wastewater treatment.
DNA damage accumulation and repair defects in FLT3‐ITD acute myeloid leukemia: Implications for clonal evolution and disease progression
Authors: Lagunas‐Rangel Francisco Alejandro
Published: September 2022

Acute myeloid leukemia is a group of hematological diseases that have a high mortality rate. During the development of this pathology, hematopoietic cells acquire chromosomal rearrangements and multiple genetic mutations, including FLT3‐ITD. FLT3‐ITD is a marker associated with a poor clinical prognosis and involves the activation of pathways such as PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK, and JAK/STAT that favor the survival and proliferation of leukemic cells. In addition, FLT3‐ITD leads to overproduction of reactive oxygen species and defective DNA damage repair, both implicated in the appearance of new mutations and leukemic clones. Thus, the purpose of this review is to illustrate the molecular mechanisms through which FLT3‐ITD generates genetic instability and how it facilitates clonal evolution with the generation of more resistant and aggressive cells. Likewise, this article discusses the feasibility of combined therapies with FLT3 inhibitors and inhibitors of DNA repair pathways.
The impact of policy design on willingness to pay for ecosystem services from prairie strips
Authors: Khanal Badri , Schoengold Karina , Mieno Taro , Schulte Moore Lisa
Published: September 2022

Prairie strips on agricultural lands are supported by the Conservation Reserve Program and provide environmental benefits such as reduced soil loss and improved wildlife habitat. The current study measures the value that the public places on those benefits and if that value changes under different policy designs. The policy design varies by who runs the program (state agency vs. nongovernment organization) and who has enrollment priority (historically managed land vs. degraded land). Results from a choice experiment indicate significant overall public support for the expansion and that willingness to pay is highest with priority for land historically managed in conservation‐oriented way.
A 2-Year Randomized Controlled Trial With Low-Dose B-Vitamin Supplementation Shows Benefits on Bone Mineral Density in Adults With Lower B12 Status
Authors: Clements Michelle , Heffernan Maria , Ward Mary , Hoey Leane , Doherty Leanne C , Hack Mendes Roberta , Clarke Michelle M , Hughes Catherine F , Love Ingrid , Murphy Shauna , McDermott Eilish , Grehan Jennifer , McCann Adrian , McAnena Liadhan B , Strain JJ , Brennan Lorraine , McNulty Helene
Published: September 2022

Folate, vitamins B12, B6, and riboflavin are required for one-carbon metabolism and may affect bone health, but no previous randomized trial has investigated all four nutrients in this context. We investigated the effect of low-dose B-vitamins for 2 years on bone mineral density (BMD) in a dual-centered, 2-year randomized controlled trial (RCT) in adults aged ≥50 years. Eligible participants not consuming B-vitamin supplements or fortified foods >4 times weekly were randomized to receive daily either combined folic acid (200 μg), vitamin B12 (10 μg), vitamin B6 (10 mg), and riboflavin (5 mg), or “active” placebo, whereby both the intervention and placebo groups received vitamin D (10 μg). BMD was assessed before and after intervention using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning of the total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine (L1 to L4). Of 205 eligible participants randomized, 167 completed the trial in full. B-vitamin intervention resulted in increases in serum folate (p < 0.001), serum B12 (p < 0.001), and plasma pyridoxal-5-phosphate (p < 0.001) and decreases in functional biomarkers of B-vitamin status, erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (p < 0.001), serum methylmalonic acid (MMA; p < 0.001), and serum total homocysteine (p < 0.001). B-vitamin intervention had no overall effect on BMD, which declined in both treatment groups by approximately 1% (ranging from −0.7% to −1.4%). However, in participants with lower baseline B12 status (serum B12 <246 pmol/L or MMA ≥0.22 μmol/L), B-vitamin intervention reduced the 2-year BMD decline versus placebo: adjusted mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) change of −0.003 (−0.008, 0.002) versus −0.015 (−0.021, −0.010) g/cm2 at the total hip and −0.004 (−0.010, 0.001) versus −0.013 (−0.018, −0.007) g/cm2 at the femoral neck. In conclusion, the findings indicate that although low-dose B-vitamin intervention for 2 years had no overall effect on BMD, improving B-vitamin status appears to have specific benefits for bone health in adults with lower B12 status. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Orofacial abnormalities in mucopolysaccharidosis and mucolipidosis typeIIandIII: A systematic review
Authors: de Bode Chiel J. , Dogterom Emma J. , Rozeboom Antoinette V. J. , Langendonk Janneke J. , Wolvius Eppo B. , van der Ploeg Ans T. , Oussoren Esmée , Wagenmakers Margreet A. E. M.
Published: September 2022

Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) and mucolipidosis II and III (ML II and III) often manifest with orofacial (progressive) abnormalities, which may have a major impact on quality of life. However, because these patients have multiple somatic health issues, orofacial problems are easily overlooked in clinical practice and available literature on this topic solely consists of case reports, small case series, and small cohort studies. The aim of this systematic review was to gain more insight in the nature and extent of orofacial abnormalities in MPS, ML II, and III. A systematic review of all previously published articles addressing orofacial abnormalities in MPS, ML II, and III was performed. Both clinical studies and case reports were included. Outcome was the described orofacial abnormalities, subdivided into abnormalities of the face, maxilla, mandible, soft tissues, teeth, and occlusion. The search resulted in 57 articles, describing orofacial features in 340 patients. Orofacial abnormalities were present in all subtypes of MPS, ML II, and III, and consisted of thickened lips, a hypoplastic midface, a high‐arched palate, hypoplastic condyles, coronoid hyperplasia, macroglossia, gingival hyperplasia, thick dental follicles, dentigerous cysts, misshapen teeth, enamel defects, and open bite. Orofacial abnormalities are present in all subtypes of MPS, ML II, and III. As orofacial abnormalities may cause complaints, evaluation of orofacial health should be part of routine clinical care.
Influence of interspecific competition on mule deer birthing and rearing site selection
Authors: Sallee Daniel W. , McMillan Brock R. , Hersey Kent R. , Petersen Steven L. , Larsen Randy T.
Published: September 2022

Ungulates often alter behavior and space use in response to interspecific competition. Despite observable changes in behavior caused by competitive interactions, research describing the effects of competition on survival or growth is lacking. We used spatial modeling to determine if habitat use by female mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) was affected by other ungulate species prior to, during, and after parturition. We conducted our study in the Book Cliffs region of eastern Utah, USA, during 2019 and 2020. We used resource selection function (RSF) analysis to model space use of 4 ungulate species that potentially competed with mule deer: bison (Bos bison), cattle, elk (Cervus canadensis), and feral horses. We incorporated RSF models for competing species into a random forest analysis to determine if space use by mule deer was influenced by these other ungulate species. We used survival and growth data from neonate mule deer to directly assess potential negative effects of other ungulates. Habitat use by elk was an important variable in predicting use locations of mule deer during birthing and rearing. The relationship was positive, suggesting interference competition was not occurring. Survival of neonate mule deer increased as the probability of use by elk increased (hazard ratio = 0.185 ± 0.497 [SE]). Further, probability of use by elk in rearing habitat had no influence on growth of neonate mule deer from birth to 6 months of age, suggesting that exploitative competition was not occurring.
Self‐Healing, High‐Strength, and Antimicrobial Polysiloxane Based on Amino Acid Hydrogen Bond
Authors: Guo Ruilu , Zhou Lixia , Lin Jiwei , Chen Guangxin , Zhou Zheng , Li Qifang
Published: September 2022

Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of self‐healing and recyclable materials because they can extend the life of the material. For polysiloxane materials, exploring polysiloxanes with high‐strength and self‐healing properties remains a challenge. In this work, a high‐strength and self‐healing polysiloxane containing N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NACL) side groups is prepared. The NACL is used to form strong hydrogen bonds to build a self‐healing network. Molecular simulations help explain the reasons and processes for the repair of modified polysiloxanes. On the one hand, the obtained modified polysiloxanes have good self‐healing properties. The self‐healing efficiency of modified polysiloxane can reach 96.9%. As the number of NACL increases, the tensile strength of the modified polysiloxane increases. For PMVS‐30%NACL, the tensile strength can reach 4.36 MPa, and the strain can reach 586%. On the other hand, modified polysiloxane has an apparent inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus. With the increase in the number of NACL, the antibacterial effect of modified polysiloxane is more obvious. Furthermore, NACL is a bio‐based amino acid with excellent biocompatibility. This work expands the idea of designing and synthesizing high‐strength polysiloxanes with antibacterial properties. It has great potential in the field of polysiloxane antimicrobial coatings.
Chinese expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of radiation pneumonitis
Authors: Zhou Caicun , Yu Jinming
Published: September 2022

Radiotherapy is one of the main tumor treatment modalities that provides great survival benefits to patients with cancer. However, it is important to pay attention to the occurrence of adverse events after radiotherapy and take early measures. Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is a major adverse response in patients with cancer receiving thoracic radiotherapy, and it affects the quality of life and survival of patients. We analyzed the latest evidence on RP, and summarized research developments on the pathophysiological mechanism, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, classification, treatment, and prognosis to form a consensus. With the development of comprehensive treatments, including immunotherapy, the diagnosis and identification of RP has become more complex, requiring multidisciplinary discussion and decision‐making. In the future, it is critical to explore more effective treatments, various risk factors, and precautions for RP.