bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teknologi Instalasi Pengolah Air Limbah (IPAL) Berbasis Pembangkit Photovoltaic (PV) untuk Proses Produksi Batik-Tulis Tanjung Bumi yang Ramah Lingkungan
Authors: Amirullah Amirullah , Wardoyo Tri , Yulianto Achmad , Fitriani Anis , Muhammad Uais Sabilah
Published: December 2021

Mitra Produk Teknologi yang Didesiminasikan ke Masyarakat (PTDM) adalah UMKM Zulpah Batik Madura (Mitra 1) dan Kelompok Pembatik Rumahan, Pemasok Bahan, dan Penjahit Dusun Kramat (Mitra 2). Permasalahan ditinjau dari aspek produksi ada dua. Pasca proses produksi batik-tulis khususnya yang menggunakan bahan-bahan kimia, pengrajin Mitra 1 biasanya langsung membuang air limbah begitu saja ke selokan atau sungai terdekat tanpa melalui proses pengolahan limbah sebelumnya. Wilayah Desa Paseseh Kecamatan Tanjung Bumi sebagai lokasi Mitra 1 dan 2 sering mangalami  pemadaman listrik ketika periode beban puncak pada malam hari. Dampaknya pembuangan  limbah batik oleh Mitra 1 langsung ke lingkungan dapat mencemari lingkungan sekitarnya yaitu air dan tanah. Pompa IPAL Mitra 1 tidak berfungsi sehingga mengganggu proses pengolahan limbah. Mitra 2 tidak dapat melakukan aktivitas membatik sehingga menurunkan produk batik-tulis. Tujuan program adalah meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas batik-tulis Tanjung Bumi yang ramah lingkungan di Desa Paseseh Kecamatan Tanjung Bumi Kabupaten Bangkalan. Metode kegiatan ditempuh melalui implementasi dua kegiatan. Kegiatan pertama penerapan Teknologi Tepat Guna instalasi pengolah air limbah (IPAL) residu proses produksi  batik tulis ke Mitra 1. Kegiatan kedua adalah penerapan Teknologi Tepat Guna (TTG) Solar Home System (SHS) ke Mitra 1 menggunakan pembangkit PV skala rumah tangga. Bangunan IPAL Batik-Tulis terdiri dari bak penangkap lilin, bak pengendap dan perata aliran berjumlah tiga buah, bak koagulasi berisi filter tawas, bak absorbsi karbon aktif berisi filter arang kayu atau batok kelapa berjumlah tiga buah, dan bak kontrol akhir. Bak kontrol akhir berfungsi menampung air limbah terakhir yang relatif aman bagi lingkungan sebelum dibuang ke saluran selokan atau sungai. Air limbah juga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk proses pencucian batik kembali atau dipakai untuk menyiram tanaman. Sistem pembangkit PV dengan daya panel 900 Wp, baterai 12 V/100 Ah, dan inverter hybrid 1000 W dipakai menggerakkan pompa 200 W untuk mengangkat air limbah dari bak pengendap dan perata aliran ke bak koagulasi. Sumber listrik berbasis energi terbarukan ini juga digunakan untuk lampu penerangan 150 W dan sumber daya canting batik elektrik 150 W bagi Mitra 1 dan 2 baik pada mode off-grid maupun mode on-grid. 
Navigating an Uncertain Terrain: Exploring the Engagement of a Residence Life Management Team on a Canadian University Campus with Race and Privilege
Authors: Mintah Tiffany C. , Heykoop Cheryl A.
Published: December 2021

As the number of racially diverse students on university campuses in Canada increases, so too do questions about whether and how postsecondary institutions are equipped to create a welcoming, respectful, and supportive learning community for a racially diverse student body. This research explored how a residence life management (RLM) team could build capacity to meaningfully engage with the subjects of race and privilege in an effort to contribute to the university’s purpose of advancing a just society. Guided by collaborative developmental action inquiry and participatory action research, this project engaged members of the RLM team to consider how they are currently navigating the subject of race and privilege and to identify support required to better facilitate learning on the subject of race and privilege. It also provided the RLM team an opportunity to transform a tangible leadership challenge into an organizational learning opportunity. Study participants indicated that engagement with the subject of race and privilege is currently limited and suggested that capacity building could be enhanced in two key ways: first, through an explicit organization-wide commitment that informs hiring and employee performance management metrics, and second, through intentionally designed spaces for learning and action through dialogue. This study identifies practical strategies to engage with the subjects on race and privilege and contributes to current literature on race and privilege by identifying both barriers and factors that enable engagement with the complex and necessary dialogue about race and privilege in a Canadian university context.
Les limites de la notion de cohésion sociale
Authors: Helly Denise
Published: December 2021

La notion de cohésion sociale véhicule la représentation d’une société moderne comme d’une entité intégrée et inclusive, d’une communauté, où l’égoïsme individualiste et les affrontements sociaux constituent des situations anormales, négatives. Trois processus principaux sont censés permettre d’atteindre l’inclusion et la paix sociales posées en normes : 1. participation de tous aux décisions politiques ou démocratisation, notamment locale, pour faire face aux failles de la démocratie représentative et de la bureaucratie étatique
Is Bioethics for Sale? The Dilemmas of Conflict of Interest
Authors: Nelkin Dorothy
Published: December 2021

“Science, wrote a former Dean of Yale University, has moved from the classroom to the board room; from the New England Journal to the Wall Street Journal.”
Research Ethics as Social Policy. Some Lessons from Experiences in Canada and in the United States
Authors: McDonald Michael , Meslin Eric
Published: December 2021

For more than tlrree decades, Canada and the United States have used similar mechanisms for ensuring the protection of human subjects involved in biomedical and behavioural research: written guidelines that specify the substantive and procedural requirements of investigators and institutions; individual informed consent, and prior review and approval by interdisciplinary committees. Given the proximity of the countries to one another and the massive amount of trade and commerce that transpires between them, it is not surprising that these countries share a number of values in research. During the past fifteen years, however, both countries have experienced new challenges to their systems. Sorne of the challenges relate to new trends in research, such as genetics studies and massively increased private sector funding for pharmacological research. Other challenges relate to emerging trends in oversight policies and procedures, such as accreditation of ethics committees. Research reflects a country's particular social policies. The responses to emerging trends illustrate how such policies are evolving in sometimes quite different ways in both countries. This reflects the related but distinct political cultures and structures in the two countries. This paper will explore these trends and emerging responses, drawing lessons from each.
Tocqueville and the politics of Suffrage
Authors: Gannett Robert T.
Published: December 2021

As the new millennium dawned, ît seemed fitting to many of us that editors of two provocative collections of essays chose to usher in the new era by featuring Alexis de Tocqueville. In America, the Journal of Democrmy commissioned papers from twenty-four scholars and practitioners of democracy to assess Tocqueville and his abiding import for the development of "Democracy in the World," using the occasion to conclude: "We are all Tocquevilleans now." In France, a new journal, Raisons politiques, spotlighted in its inaugural edition in 2001 what it termed "Un moment tocquevillien" that had allowed France to reconceptualize its unique liberal tradition.2 In both cases the editors connected Tocqueville's powerful presence and prescience to modern political concerns. In neither case did the journal's emphasis on a political Tocqueville make any referencc to Tocqueville as politician.
Tocqueville’s Democracy in America: Some key themes reconsidered
Authors: Schleifer James T.
Published: December 2021

This paper focuses on Democracy in America, certainly the most famous and probably the most important of the works of Alexis de Tocqueville. It is an effort on my part to re-examine and to rethink the making of Tocqueville’s classic book, based largely upon my work over the past seven years as translator of the forthcoming English language version of Eduardo Nolla’s critical edition of the Democracy.
La politique climatique européenne : entre nécessité de la vertu et vertu de la nécessité
Authors: Laurent Eloi , Le Cacheux Jacques
Published: December 2021

L’Union européenne (UE) est devenue au cours des années 1990 et 2000 le leader écologique global, capable d’influencer les politiques environnementales bien au-delà de ses frontières, prenant la suite des Etats-Unis qui assumaient cette fonction dans les années 1960, 1970 et une partie des années 1980 (voir par exemple sur ce point Keleman et Volger, 2010). Le dossier climatique est emblématique de ce passage de témoin : les Etats-Unis bloquent depuis une décennie les négociations climatiques et sont revenus à reculons à la table des négociations sous l’administration Obama, les mains vides d’engagements sérieux.
Teaching Lab-based Courses Remotely: Approaches, Technologies, Challenges, and Ethical Issues
Authors: Attarbashi Zainab S. , Hashim Aisha Hassan Abdalla , Abuzaraida Mustafa Ali , Khalifa Othman Omran , Mustafa Manar
Published: December 2021

Online learning has gained substantial traction since the popularization of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) over the last decade. After the dawn of the Covid-19 pandemic, online learning has become an indispensable mode of modern-day education. All educational institutions around the world are now compelled to switch to online classes as a physically safer and more flexible option for teaching and learning during the pandemic. Although many studies have examined the effectiveness of this online T&L mode, almost no attention has been paid to the use of virtual laboratories, which are an important means of teaching practical skills and complicated theories for science and engineering subjects. Like other online methods that have their particular advantages and disadvantages, the utility of virtual laboratories is detracted by the fact that they lack some of the qualities present in the actual experiments seen in traditional learning classrooms. In particular, virtual labs are not as effective as authentic lab experiments in developing soft skills that are typically acquired from students’ teamwork activities, in addition to lacking the ability to assess the various levels of knowledge acquisition, content mastery and student attention in class. Hence, the aim of this paper is to address these issues about the utility and drawbacks of virtual labs in achieving the long-term goals and learning outcomes of STEM education. In addressing these issues, the paper highlights the varying technologies, such as gaming and virtual reality, used by different educational institutions as substitutes for physical engineering laboratories. The final section of the paper discusses some of the ethical issues related to online learning for science and engineering subjects.
Sintesis Pupuk Nitrat Cair dengan Teknologi Murah dan Ramah Lingkungan sebagai Solusi Ketahanan Pangan Global
Authors: Ansyari Muhammad Fadhillah , Saksono Nelson , Zagita Miranda Talitha
Published: December 2021

Sektor pertanian global kini menemui tantangan. Pupuk nitrogen diproduksi dengan proses Haber-Bosch mengonsumsi 1-2% total produksi energi dunia dan menghasilkan polutan CO2 300 juta ton/tahun serta menyumbang 2,5% gas rumah kaca setiap tahunnya. Selain itu, pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan disrupsi supply chain industri pupuk, mengakibatkan harga pupuk global meningkat. Teknologi elektrolisis plasma merupakan green technology murah dalam memproduksi pupuk nitrat cair dari udara, menggunakan spesies reaktif radikal OH. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memproduksi pupuk nitrat cair melalui elektrolisis plasma dengan pengaruh daya dan laju alir udara. Pengujian kinerja pupuk dilakukan pada tanaman cabai, tomat, dan sawi. Metode ini dilakukan pada reaktor batch menggunakan variasi laju alir udara 0,2; 0,4; 0,6; 0,8; 1 lpm, daya 500; 600; 700 watt, dan konsentrasi pupuk nitrat yang diujikan 100, 200, dan 300 ppm. Hasil menunjukkan semakin besar daya, dan laju alir udara meningkatkan produksi nitrat. Penelitian menghasilkan nitrat terbesar saat menggunakan larutan elektrolit 0.01 M K2SO4 dengan 0.01 M K2HPO4, daya 600 watt dan laju alir udara 0,8 lpm. Pemberian pupuk nitrat cair menunjukkan hasil lebih baik dibandingkan tanpa pupuk maupun dengan pupuk komersial. Tanaman cabai menunjukkan persentasi peningkatan tertinggi. Dosis optimum setiap tanamannya adalah cabai 100 ppm, tomat 200 ppm, dan sawi hijau 200 ppm.
Implementasi Honeypot Menggunakan Dionaea Dan Kippo Sebagai Penunjang Keamanan Jaringan Komunikasi Komputer
Authors: Wastumirad Adi Widiatmoko , Darmawan Moh Irzam
Published: December 2021

Today, the internet has become the most used tool for delivering information. Through the internet, people can search for information by freely accessing a web page. This freedom of access often raises security issues in the website provider's internal network. These security issues can be in the form of misuse of information, threats, and other attacks on the provider's internal network. Based on these conditions, a technique is needed to protect important data on the website owner's server from various attacks. In this research, a Honeypot security system has been implemented using Dionaea and Kippo in the Demilitarized Zone to increase the security of a network. The methodology of this research is Waterfall Model for software engineering. The system that has been built is able to detect, take action, record attack logs and display them in the form of a website in real time.
THE PHENOMENON OF MOBBING IN UKRAINIAN SOCIETY: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Scienсes of Ukraine, Khrystiuk S.
Published: December 2021

The current study aims to analyze modern problematicity of "mobbing" in Ukrainian society. The concept of "mobbing", the causes of its occurrence, manifestation specifics, distinguishing characteristics, main types and methods of eradicating its negative consequences both at the level of the enterprise management and relatively any individual have been studied. It has highlighted that now in Ukraine every second Ukrainian has been mobbed and, unfortunately, Ukraine has no legislatively fixed definition of the concept of "mobbing" and, accordingly, the mechanisms for regulating this phenomenon. The study states that mobbing is a hostile and unethical communication which is directed in a systematic way by one or a number of persons mainly toward one individual and results in the humiliation, devaluation, discrediting, and degradation; loss of professional reputation; removal of the victim from the organization through termination, extended medical leave, or quitting. It also has been proved that problem of mobbing is not fully understood or studied and to eliminate this destructive phenomenon, it is advisable to use the entire arsenal of management methods, to borrow the best foreign experience, simultaneously using their managerial experience and proceeding from the development specifics of any team.
The Treatment-Resistant of Schizophrenia Shows the Granulocytopenia, Became to be prescribed theClozapine because of Stabilization of Cite Number after Administration of Non-Convulsive Electric Shock
Authors: Sugita Sotaro
Published: November 2021

In a former report, we observed the possibility that the non-convulsive electric shock administration may contribute the stability of granulocytes number of the patients receiving clozapine [1].The instability and most critical drug side-effect [2]. We have an idea about the drug accumulated experiences of combined therapy. Moreover investigated the transitions of granulocytes number in eachcase. As per observations the gradual stabilization of cites number has been becoming apparent on thecurrent of therapy. In this report describes the passage of stabilization, the patient’s shows thegranulocytopenia before dosing of clozapine.
The Antimicrobial Efficacy of four different Intracanal Medication to Microorganisms existing in the Failure of Endodontic Therapy: An in vitro study
Authors: Paredes Vieyra Jorge , Ocampo Acosta Fabian , Jiménez Enriquez Francisco Javier , Hidalgo Vargas Alan , Manriquez Quintana Ignacio , Rojas Alvarado Rosendo Andres
Published: November 2021

Aim.This study aims to identify the efficacy of different intracanal medication formulations existing in end of endodontic therapy’s failure, and related to strains of Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus in Petri plates. Materials and methods. It was used diffusion test in agar where each Petri plate with the inoculated bacteria. Perforations of approximately 4 mm deep by 5 mm in diameter were made to prepare where the intracanal drug (25 µl) to be tested. The diameters of the bacterial inhibition zones were measured and registered to each tested medication at the period of 24 hours, 48 hours, 7 and 14 days respectively. Results. All the medications promoted inhibition halos. The inhibition halos were represented in mm. A higher elimination of micro-organisms can be significantly achieved through the association of different substances in the formulation of an intra canal medication, with emphasis to Ca (OH)2 combined with nitrofurazone and magnesium oxide respectively. Conclusion. Cleaning and shaping of the root canal system associated with the chemical combination of Ca (OH) 2 with antiseptic pastes or solutions considerably reduce the bacterial load.
Clippers (Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation with Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids) Management Experience at a single Third-level Medical Center in México.
Authors: Bertado Cortes Brenda , Madariaga Cortes Brian , Zenteno Zenteno Massiel , Sandoval Bonilla Bayron Alexander
Published: November 2021

Chronyc lymphosytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhacement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS), described for the first time in 2010 by Pittock and collaborators, is a rare inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (SNC) characterized by the presence of punctuate or curvilinear lesions described like “salt and pepper” appearance on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), that enhance with Gadoliniumn administration; this lesions show an exquisite response to corticosteroid therapy. The etiology of this disease remains unknown. However, the existing articles suggest an autoimmune component, which may or may not be related to other autoinmmune, infectious or malignant pathologies. Due to the above, it is generally considered that in order to reach the diagnosis of CLIPPERS, the possibility of other more common or aggressive pathologies must first be ruled out through extensive investigation. However, if the clinical and imaging presentation are typical and there is a very high suspicion of CLIPPERS, early initiation of glucosteroid therapy may be recommended. There is no unanimous therapy plan due to the few cases reported worldwide thus far. In cases of severe relapses or atypical behavior, both clinical and radiological, it is recommended to consider a stereotactic biopsy of the lesion to integrate the definitive diagnosis. Because it is a rare disease, it is relatively unknown to first- contact medical personnel; in our particular case, this leads to referral to the neurosurgery department who, thanks to their experience, have considered a demilinizing disease as a diagnostic possibility and requested an assessment by the neurology department. Here, we report the evolution and management of three diagnosed cases of CLIPPERS at a single Third-level Medical Center in México; based on clinical, radiological and neuropathological findings; as well as highlighting the importance of lesion biopsy in selected cases.
The Hypothesis of Unexplained Brain Damage and Learning Difficulties
Authors: Antonis Theofilidis
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The term learning disabilities refers to a complex and multidimensional phenomenon that affects many thousands of students. Due to the rich symptomatology of learning difficulties and the increased differences between individuals, it has not been possible to analyze all cases exclusively from the perspective of the neuropsychological approach. Aim. The aim of this study was to present research conducted in the context of theories on the brain function of people with learning disabilities. Supporting the hypothesis of brain dysfunction. Methodology: Literature review was carried out in the web, which referred to researches on Special Learning Disabilities and the brain function associated with them. Results: Review of the literature highlighted key points of the relationship between learning difficulties and brain function. Brain dysfunction and the cognitive functions produced emerged as one of the key factors involved in learning disabilities. Many of the theories developed around the problems of children with learning disabilities have focused on specific areas of the brain that may be dysfunctional. Conclusions: The difficulty of locating obvious brain damage in individuals who have been characterized as dyslexic leads to the strengthening of the hypothesis of the existence of a slight or minimal brain damage that cannot be easily diagnosed and strengthens the hypothesis of an unexplained brain damage that could be heterogeneous groups of learning disabilities.
PEN vs. COMPUTER - how to write by hand improves memory and creativity
Authors: Furnari Dario
Published: November 2021

The pen is one of the many channels for transforming thoughts into written words. Handwriting acts as a "memory propeller". For example, when you are at the supermarket, the simple act of writing keeps the products you really need in your mind; or when someone at school was a shrewd knows that very often there was no need to use the sheets prepared before a class assignment to copy because they remembered everything that was written.
Expediency of abdominal drainage after operative delivery in severe preeclampsia
Authors: Kramarsky V. A. , N. V. Protopopova
Published: November 2021

One of the leading mechanisms for the development of severe preeclampsia in pregnant women is a decrease in perfusion pressure in the life-supporting organs, followed by the development of multiple organ failure. In recent years, there have been studies indicating the influence of intraperitoneal hypertension on the perfusion pressure of the pelvic and abdominal organs with the subsequent development of obstetric complications [ 4,2] according to the classification of JAN(2006), pregnancy is included in the list of conditions accompanied by an increase in intraperitoneal pressure. Thus, the prevention and treatment of increased intra-abdominal pressure in pathology accompanied by multiple organ dysfunction and insufficiency, which is observed in preeclampsia, is one of the important problems of modern medicine. The purpose of our study was to determine the feasibility of abdominal drainage during operative delivery for severe preeclampsia.
Effectiveness the perfusion of Endometrial and Subendometrial and Endometrial volume on the endometrial receptivity of FET Cycles
Authors: Hazari Vajihe , Sarvi Fatemeh , Alyasin Ashraf , Agha-Hosseini Marzieh , Hosseinimousa Sedigheh
Published: November 2021

Objective: this study was effects of endometrial and subendometrial blood perfusion and endometrial volume on endometrial receptivity in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Materials and methods: This prospective observational cohort study, that on infertile women who referred for FET to Shariati Hospital and Omid Infertility Clinic in Tehran (Iran) .112 patients selected among eligible women with good quality embryos. After homogenization, participants underwent endometrial preparation for hormone replacement therapy (HRT) according to a similar routine protocol. On the day of the FET, they underwent a thorough ultrasound examination for possible effective parameters. Subsequently, one to two good quality blastocysts were transferred, and the pregnancy outcomes were monitored. Results: In vitro fertilization (IVF) was performed on 112 patients with a mean age of 33.93±4.93 years. Although, serum β-HCG level was used to confirm pregnancy. Accordingly, out of 112 participating patients, 50 (44.6%) became pregnant after IVF. Based on the results of this study, the endometrial blood flow was significantly different between the two groups of pregnant and non-pregnant women, so that a higher pregnancy rate was observed in participants with multi-focal and spare endometrial blood flows (P<0.05). Additionally, a significant relationship between endometrial blood flow and pregnancy outcome so that there was more ongoing pregnancy rates in those with multi-focal and spare endometrial blood flows (P<0.05). But the endometrial variables of volume, length, width, thickness and pattern were not significantly different between the two groups of pregnant and non-pregnant women. Moreover, contextual parameters had no significant relationship with pregnancy outcome (P>0.05). Endometrial measurement indices were also ineffective on pregnancy outcomes and no significant difference was there between the groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Collectively, the endometrial blood flow can play an effective role in improving pregnancy event and its stability after IVF, but the endometrial volume was unable to predict pregnancy event and its stability after IVF.
Long-Term Consequences of Menopause Victor manuel vargas hernandez Academic of the Mexican Academy of Surgery Secretary of the Mexican Association for the study of Climacteric
Authors: Hernández Víctor Manuel Vargas
Published: November 2021

The dramatic changes in sex hormone levels that occur during the transition to menopause and beyond are responsible for the long-term consequences, which are of primary importance to healthy aging in women. Sex hormones have a vital physiological role in maintaining the health and normal functioning of various organs; like bone, heart and brain. Disease activity is highly dependent on estrogen exposure; cardiovascular and musculoskeletal disorders frequently occur during postmenopause. Even cognitive decline is related to hypoestrogenism during the menopausal transition. Several lines of evidence indicate that the presence, duration and severity of menopausal vasomotor symptoms, especially hot flashes, not only have an impact on quality of life, but are biomarkers of increased risk of chronic conditions, which require prevention strategies, including menopausal hormone therapy. Nutrition, exercise, and other lifestyle measures, use of appropriate hormonal treatments in symptomatic women during the "window" of opportunity (under 60 years or within 10 years after menopause) can significantly counteract the process of aging of the female body. Meanwhile an individualized menopausal hormone therapy helps postmenopausal women overcome the burden of symptoms, including those related to Genitourinary Menopause Syndrome.
The Polish Underground State vs. The Polish Communists, and the concept of counteraction
Authors: Sacewicz Karol
Published: December 2021

Podczas II wojny światowej Polskie Państwo Podziemne zostało zmuszone walczyć o niepodległą, suwerenną i integralnie terytorialną Polskę również z komunistycznym podziemiem. Artykuł systematyzuje dotychczasowe ustalenia odnoszące się zarówno do antykomunistycznych struktur Polski Podziemnej odpowiedzialnych za prowadzenie konfrontacji z komunistami, skupiając się również na ukazaniu form oraz metod stosowanych w tejże walce. Tekst przedstawia liczne ograniczenia, jaki rzutowały na dość umiarkowane metody konfrontacji z komunistami, jakimi posługiwało się Polskie Państwo Podziemne. Takich ograniczeń nie stosowali komuniści ani w okresie II wojny światowej, ani po zdobyciu władzy w powojennej Polsce.
Dwa nieznane dokumenty dotyczące epidemii „choroby papuziej” w Warszawie w 1951 roku
Authors: Daszkiewicz Piotr , Iwan Dariusz
Published: December 2021

W archiwach Muzeum i Instytutu Zoologii PAN w Warszawie przechowywane są dwa dokumenty, związane z epidemią papuziej choroby w Warszawie w 1951 r. Przez długie lata informacje o tej epidemii były cenzurowane i tratowane jako tajemnica państwowa. Jej polityczne i społeczne aspekty nie doczekały się jak dotychczas naukowego opracowania. W kontekście powojennej odbudowy, 17 stycznia 1951 r. warszawskie ZOO otrzymało dziesięć papug z ogrodu zoologicznego w Antwerpii. Ptaki były chore na psitakozę i zaraziły nią pracowników ZOO i Państwowego Muzeum Zoologicznego. Pierwszy przedstawiony dokument, datowany 21 kwietnia 1951 r., jest listem z podziękowaniami od pacjentów i pracowników PMZ dla lekarzy i pielęgniarek, sióstr szarytek. Drugi dokument to wiersz Stanisławy Witaczek, opowiadający o pobycie w szpitalu i dziękujący szpitalnemu personelowi. Oba dokumenty zostały przedstawione w kontekście sytuacji w Polsce w 1951 r.: likwidacji niezależności instytucji naukowych, policyjnej kontroli badań, wszechobecności cenzury i propagandy oraz prześladowania byłych żołnierzy AK.
Maria Janion in memoriam. Romantyzm jako projekt „humanistyki charyzmatycznej”
Authors: Samsel Karol
Published: December 2021

The aim of this essay is to expose the distinctive features of Maria Janion’s scholarly work in the context of her research into the history of Polish and European Romanticism, especially her interpretation of European romantic identity and the instances of its negation or continuation. It is Janion’s idiosyncrasies as well as self-corrections of her views and writings that highlight her scholarly far-sightedness and prominence. One of the most important elements this essay focuses on is the neglected motif of romantic kitsch. Janion persuasively insisted on its presence in the research on Romanticism during the symposium: Styles of Romantic Behaviour (December 6-7, 1982), where she discussed the concept with Jarosław Marek Rymkiewicz.
Awake spinal surgery: simplifying the learning curve with a patient selection algorithm
Authors: Letchuman Vijay , Agarwal Nitin , Mummaneni Valli P. , Wang Michael Y. , Shabani Saman , Patel Arati , Rivera Joshua , Haddad Alexander F. , Le Vivian , Chang Joyce M. , Chou Dean , Gandhi Seema , Mummaneni Praveen V.
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

There is a learning curve for surgeons performing “awake” spinal surgery. No comprehensive guidelines have been proposed for the selection of ideal candidates for awake spinal fusion or decompression. The authors sought to formulate an algorithm to aid in patient selection for surgeons who are in the startup phase of awake spinal surgery.

METHODS

The authors developed an algorithm for selecting patients appropriate for awake spinal fusion or decompression using spinal anesthesia supplemented with mild sedation and local analgesia. The anesthetic protocol that was used has previously been reported in the literature. This algorithm was formulated based on a multidisciplinary team meeting and used in the first 15 patients who underwent awake lumbar surgery at a single institution.

RESULTS

A total of 15 patients who underwent decompression or lumbar fusion using the awake protocol were reviewed. The mean patient age was 61 ± 12 years, with a median BMI of 25.3 (IQR 2.7) and a mean Charlson Comorbidity Index of 2.1 ± 1.7; 7 patients (47%) were female. Key patient inclusion criteria were no history of anxiety, 1 to 2 levels of lumbar pathology, moderate stenosis and/or grade I spondylolisthesis, and no prior lumbar surgery at the level where the needle is introduced for anesthesia. Key exclusion criteria included severe and critical central canal stenosis or patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria. Using the novel algorithm, 14 patients (93%) successfully underwent awake spinal surgery without conversion to general anesthesia. One patient (7%) was converted to general anesthesia due to insufficient analgesia from spinal anesthesia. Overall, 93% (n = 14) of the patients were assessed as American Society of Anesthesiologists class II, with 1 patient (7%) as class III. The mean operative time was 115 minutes (± 60 minutes) with a mean estimated blood loss of 46 ± 39 mL. The median hospital length of stay was 1.3 days (IQR 0.1 days). No patients developed postoperative complications and only 1 patient (7%) required reoperation. The mean Oswestry Disability Index score decreased following operative intervention by 5.1 ± 10.8.

CONCLUSIONS

The authors propose an easy-to-use patient selection algorithm with the aim of assisting surgeons with patient selection for awake spinal surgery while considering BMI, patient anxiety, levels of surgery, and the extent of stenosis. The algorithm is specifically intended to assist surgeons who are in the learning curve of their first awake spinal surgery cases.
PENINGKATAN TATA KELOLA LAYANAN DI PERPUSTAKAAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI MATARAM
Authors: Darmayanti P Baiq Fitriah , Ridwan Ridwan , Rohana Rohana
Published: December 2021

Perpustakaan di era saat ini harus melakukan perubahan dan peningkatan pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Keadaan ini yang mendorong para pustakawan, dan pelaku pemanfaatan informasi atau pengguna perpustakaan berusaha keras agar mendapatkan perkembangan informasi yang mutakhir dan dibutuhkan. Perpustakaan sebagai sumber informasi juga berperan penting dalam membangun karakteristik mahasiswa dalam mempelajari ilmu pendidikan. Perpustakaan sebagai sumber informasi dituntut untuk memberikan layanan informasi yang lengkap, cepat, jelas, dan tepat guna mendapat pertanggung jawaban sumbernya terutama pada lingkup perguruan tinggi sehingga diperlukannya pengabdian terkait kegiatan pelayanan di perpustakaan Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram. Target khusus yang diharapkan tercapai adalah perbaikan kualitas pelayanan melakukan kegiatan literasi dengan nyaman serta tidak lagi merasa segan untuk terus mengunjungi perpustakaan. Adapun metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut adalah dengan cara menghidupkan ulang perpustakaan. Semua tahapan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di UPT Perpustakaan Islam Negeri Mataram  telah 100% dilaksanakan dan menghasilkan luaran diantaranya yaitu (1) Susunan penataan buku yang lebih teratur, (2) Kegiatan pelayanan teknis untuk mempermudah temu kembali informasi.
Metrics for monitoring and improving quality of care in family planning
Authors:   Evidence Project
Published: December 2021

Despite the widely agreed importance of measuring quality of care (QoC), client perspectives are often missing from routine monitoring and studies. The Evidence Project has developed a package of validated, evidence-based tools and training materials to support governments and implementing partners in measuring and monitoring QoC. Measuring QoC from the clients’ perspective will help programs celebrate successes, target areas for improvement, and ultimately improve uptake and continuation of voluntary contraceptive use. This brief gives a brief overview of those findings.
Normative Exclusion of Students with Disabilities and Enforced Isolation of Healthy Adults during the COVID -19 Pandemic: A Thought-Provoking Lesson
Authors: Madhesh Abdullah
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Due to the Corona virus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the world in year 2020 experienced a significant upheaval in the lives of many. This study aimed at drawing parallels between the enforced isolation of healthy adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and the systemic exclusion of students with disabilities in educational systems around the world. Moreover, it presents an opportunity for people who have faced isolation during the pandemic, to better understand the feelings of students with disabilities. In this study, a sample of 22 people without disabilities from Saudi Arabia were interviewed to disclose their experiences and feelings during the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact of quarantine on their social and psychological lives. Their responses were compared to many experiences of students with disabilities obtained from a systemic review involving many related studies. The main findings of this study reveal some isolating, psychological and social effects. This may lead stakeholders in legal and educational matters to rethink their perspectives on exclusionary practices that face many students with disabilities.
Experimental Study of the Effect of Plasma Cutting on the Tensile Strength of Materials "Fe"
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Wibawa I Wayan Suma , Suherman I Ketut ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali
Published: December 2021

The cutting process in plasma cutting begins with the formation of a pilot arc between the electrode and the workpiece as a result of the electrical ionization reaction of the highly conductive cutting gas. The gas is heated by the pilot arc until its temperature rises very high then the gas will be ionized and become a conductor of electricity. When the gas stream leaves the nozzle, the gas expands rapidly carrying the molten metal so that the cutting process continues. This plasma temperature can reach 33,000°C, approximately 10 times the temperature produced by the reaction of oxygen and acetylene. If this is related to the mechanical properties of the material, where the material has been heated it will result in changes in the mechanical properties of the material in the heating area/around the cutting plane. Tensile testing is the most widely used type of test because it is able to provide representative information on the mechanical behavior of the material. Seeing an incident like this, it is necessary to test the Effect of Plasma Cutting on the Tensile Strength of 'Fe' Materials through a tensile test. Several studies have shown that torch height, amperage and cutting speed can affect material properties. The best tool parameter settings are obtained at a travel speed of 500 mm/min, 75 amperes and a torch-material distance of 3 mm so that these settings are used as a reference in this study. In analyzing the data, the authors compare the results of plasma cutting testing with conventional cutting, in order to know the changes in mechanical properties that occur.
Design and Fabrication of a Fixed Bed Pyrolysis with LDPE Plastic Waste
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Putrawan I Made Agus , Suarbawa I Ketut Gde Juli ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Rajendra I Made ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Winaya INS ,   Universitas Udayana
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the design of a fixed bed reactor pyrolysis to convert plastic waste type LDPE into condensate oil. The dimensions of the batch type pyrolysis reactor are adapted to household needs and are designed to be easy to operate and transport. From the results at three different pyrolysis temperature variations; 250 oC, 275 oC and 300 oC shows that reactor yields a maximum condensate oil of 45,3wt% at temperature of 300 oC. In addition, the weight of charcoal also decreased along with the increase in operating temperature.
Thermal Performance Evaluation of the Variation of Condenser Dimensions for Foodstuffs Transportation Cooling Systems
Authors:   Universitas Mataram, Susana I Gede Bawa , Santosa I Gede ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali
Published: December 2021

The process of sending food using transportation requires a refrigeration system to keep the product fresh. Unsuitable temperatures will cause the transported products to often experience damage so that they are rejected in the mark. To achieve this, it is done through testing using a condenser with several variations of dimensions for a room temperature of 5oC. The dimensions of condenser-1 are (W 23 x H 14) inch2 x 19 mm, condenser-2 is (W 23 x H 14) inch2 x 26 mm, and condenser-3 is (W 23 x H 14) inch2 x 44 mm. The test results show that condenser-3 produces a faster cooling time compared to condenser-2 and condenser-1. Cooling time for condenser-3 is 1160 minutes, while condenser-2 and condenser-1 are 1560 minutes and 1860 minutes, respectively. Condenser-3 provides the lowest compression work of 42.131 kJ/kg compared to condensers 2 and 1, respectively 42.931 kJ/kg, and 46.147 kJ/kg. This has an impact on the COP value, namely condenser-3, condenser-2, and condenser-1 each of 3.437, 3.233, and 2.845. COP at condenser-3 occurs the highest. These results indicate that the largest condenser dimension gives the most optimum thermal performance results. An efficient refrigeration system has low compression work and high COP.
Cnidoscolus aconitifolius: Nutritional, phytochemical composition and health benefits – A review
Authors: Panghal Anil , Onakkaramadom Shaji Anjali , Nain Kiran , Garg Mukesh Kumar , Chhikara Navnidhi
Published: December 2021

Cnidoscolus aconitifolius belonging to Euphorbiaceae family is widely used as a folk medicine among South American countries such as Mexico and Brazil. C. aconitifolius can be considered as a potential green leafy vegetable, largely due to the presence of various secondary metabolites. The different bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, Alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids etc. along with terpenoids with unique structure are exclusive for this genus. C. aconitifolius has numerous nutraceutical benefits proven with pharmacological studies such as anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-microbial etc. The recent upsurge of consumer interest for health promoting products has opened up new vistas for C. aconitifolius application in food product research and development. Limited knowledge about this underutilized plant is representing an opportunity to explore the plant as novel ingredient with vast functional attributes. Keywords: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius, phytochemicals, nutraceutical potential, biological activity, diabetes
Method for calculating technical characteristics and parameters of movement of scale models of wheeled vehicles, ensuring the similarity of the processes during testing
Authors: Zhileykin M. M. , Zhurkin M. M.
Published: November 2021

Nowadays, when designing new vehicle models, there is a need to test certain solutions for the formation of a technical appearance both by simulation methods and on production samples. Full-scale road tests of vehicles make it possible to maintain full dynamic similarity during the experiment, but they can be carried out only after manufacturing of a vehicle prototype, which requires a lot of material costs. One of the ways to solve this problem is to create models that are a reduced copy of the designed vehicle. The main difficulty that appears when testing a scale model of vehicle is the need to accurately reproduce the conditions that occur when driving in real road conditions. The purpose of this paper is to find a relationship between the parameters of a production vehicle and a scale model for experimental development of algorithms for the dynamic stabilization of a wheeled vehicle. A method for calculating the technical characteristics and motion parameters of scale models for real full-scale wheeled vehicles while ensuring the similarity of the ongoing processes for scale models and for production vehicles is proposed on the basis of the theory of similarity. The main dependences for scale factors for force, kinematic and dimensional factors are obtained. The similarity of the occurring processes was confirmed by the methods of simulation modeling of the movement of a scale model and a full-scale wheeled vehicle.
Investigation of the environmental performance of a diesel engine when operating on multicomponent biofuel
Authors: Plotnikov S. A. , Sergeyev D. G. , Smol'nikov M. V. , Shipin A. I.
Published: November 2021

Local types of fuels occupy 33.6% in the fuel balance of the Kirov region. The share of consumption of local fuels in the region is one of the highest in Russia.

The Vyatka State University (VyatSU) in cooperation with the Belarusian State Agricultural Academy (BSAA) carry out the tests of the operation of automotive diesel engines on fuels with rapeseed oil (RO) and ethanol (E) additives, and spark internal combustion engines with generator gas (GG) additives. A new area of work of the scientific school is the study of the use of multicomponent compositions of biofuel compositions (MKBTK-15 and MKBTK-25). The use of such compositions as a fuel compensates some of their distinctive properties for further use in internal combustion engines without changing the design and adjustments.

The use of alternative fuels (AF) in internal combustion engines is a main topic for research. However, the use of any AF requires that the environmental indicators of the engine remain within acceptable limits. An important task is to determine the dependences of the emissions of toxic components on the load.

The use of MKBTK-15 and MKBTK-25 as AF for engines will improve the environmental situation in the region and reduce the need for commercial fuel. The operation of a diesel engine on multicomponent biofuel compositions makes it possible to reduce the smoke content of exhaust gases by 65% and 85%, the content of total nitrogen oxides remains at the same level or slightly decreases.

There is a slight increase in the content of carbon dioxide СО2 up to 22.3%, but the solutions to this problem are already known. One of the ways is to preserve and increase boreal forests, which have great potential for absorbing greenhouse gases.
Trine Villumsen Berling, Ulrik Pram Gad, Karen Lund Petersen and Ole Wæver: Translations of Security: A Framework for the Study of Unwanted Futures
Authors: Rod Zdeněk
Published: December 2021

This book scrutinizes how contemporary practices of security have come to rely on many different translations of security, risk, and danger.
Institutions of national security policies are currently undergoing radical conceptual and organisational changes, and this book presents a novel approach for how to study and politically address the new situation. Complex and uncertain threat environments, such as terrorism, climate change, and the global financial crisis, have paved the way for new forms of security governance that have profoundly transformed the ways in which threats are handled today. Crucially, there is a decentralisation of the management of security, which is increasingly handled by a broad set of societal actors that previously were not considered powerful in the conduct of security affairs. This transformation of security knowledge and management changes the meaning of traditional concepts and practices, and calls for investigation into the many meanings of security implied when contemporary societies manage radical dangers, risks, and threats. It is necessary to study both what these meanings are and how they developed from the security practices of the past. Addressing this knowledge gap, the book asks how different ideas about threats, risk, and dangers meet in the current practices of security, broadly understood, and with what political consequences.
This book will be of interest to students of critical security studies, anthropology, risk studies, science and technology studies and International Relations.
Pandemics as Crisis Performance: How Populists Tried to Take Ownership of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Resende Erica Simone Almeida
Published: December 2021

With the Covid-19 pandemic dominating the agenda, it seems almost natural that it be associated with another buzzword: populism. As the pandemic advances, it seems that the prediction of populism surviving the pandemic due to its own diversity has been proved right, given the variation in responses by populists around the world. One common denominator stands out though: populists across the political spectrum understood the benefits of performing the Covid-19 crisis as a tool to strengthen their political positions. They tried to politicize the pandemic to increase the antagonism between the people and the elites. In this article, I introduce the notion of crisis as both a construct and a performance, and as a useful concept to analyze populist reactions to the pandemic. I argue that notwithstanding the attempts to politicize the pandemic, the Covid-19 crisis ended up imposing its own reality. In other words: the crisis could not be owned by politics.