bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two limit theorems for non-identically distributed summands
Authors: Nagayev A. V. , Hodjabagian S. S.
Published: December 2020

The abstracts (in two languages) can be found in the pdf file of the article.

Original author name(s) and title in Russian and Lithuanian:

А. В. Нагаев, С. С. Ходжабагян. Две предельные теоремы для неодинаково распределенных слагаемых

A. V. Nagajevas, S. S. Chodžabagianas. Pora ribinių teoremų nevienodai pasiskirsčiusių dydžių sumoms
Abschätzung des Restglieds im zentralen Grenzwertsatz mit der zufälligen Anzahl zufälliger Summanden
Authors: Nakas A.
Published: December 2020

The abstracts (in two languages) can be found in the pdf file of the article.

Original author name(s) and title in Russian and Lithuanian:

А. Накас. Оценка остаточного члена в центральной предельной теореме со случайным числом случайных слагаемых

A. Nakas. Liekamojo nario įvertinimas centrinėje ribinėje teoremoje, kai dėmenų skaičius yra atsitiktinis
On some properties of the risk function in the generalized “two—armed bandit” problem
Authors: Surgailis D.
Published: December 2020

The abstracts (in two languages) can be found in the pdf file of the article.

Original author name(s) and title in Russian and Lithuanian:

Д. Сургайлис. О некоторых свойствах оптимальной цены в обобщенной задаче о двух типах оружия

D. Surgailis. Apie kai kurias rizikos funkcijos savybes apibendrintame uždavinyje apie dvi ginklų rūšis
Lumbar puncture in patients on anticoagulants
Authors:   Zakład Farmakokinetyki i Terapii Monitorowanej, Katedra Farmakologii, Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie, Szczecin, Polska, Białecka Monika , Machoy-Mokrzyńska Anna ,   Zakład Farmakologii Doświadczalnej i Klinicznej, Katedra Farmakologii, Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie, Szczecin, Polska, Pierzchlińska Anna ,   Zakład Farmakokinetyki i Terapii Monitorowanej, Katedra Farmakologii, Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie, Szczecin, Polska
Published: December 2020

Lumbar puncture is an important invasive procedure often used in the diagnosis of neurological disorders. Generally, lumbar puncture is a safe procedure, with a very low incidence of serious complications, the risk of which, however, may increase in the group of patients on anticoagulant therapy (anticoagulants and platelet anti-aggregation agents). This applies to both the risk of haemorrhagic complications and the risk of thrombotic events during temporary discontinuation of anticoagulants. This paper presents the current knowledge on the management in patients receiving anticoagulants (vitamin K antagonists, new anticoagulants, heparins, fondaparinux) and platelet anti-aggregation agents (P2Y12 platelet receptor antagonists, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, acetylsalicylic acid) who require lumbar puncture. Furthermore, we present the issue of bridging therapy in patients at a high risk of thrombotic complications. In the case of neurological indications for a lumbar puncture in a patient on anticoagulants or anti-aggregation therapy, the urgency of the procedure and the risk of adverse effects should be assessed and other diagnostic methods should be considered in the first place. If there is a need for an urgent lumbar puncture, treatment modification or the use of drugs to reverse the anticoagulant or anti-aggregation effect may be necessary. Each case must be treated individually, considering medical and family history, comorbidities and other medications taken by the patient. Most of the available recommendations related to the presented problem have been developed by anaesthetic associations. There is a need to popularise the principles of management in patients on anticoagulants who require lumbar puncture due to neurological disorders.
Behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia – selected diagnostic dilemmas in neuropsychiatry
Authors:   Oddział Psychogeriatryczny, Szpital dla Nerwowo i Psychicznie Chorych w Starogardzie Gdańskim, Starogard Gdański, Polska, Kuklińska Marta , Sitek Emilia J. ,   Zakład Pielęgniarstwa Neurologiczno-Psychiatrycznego, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu z IMMiT, Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny, Gdańsk, Polska,   Oddział Neurologii, Szpital Specjalistyczny św. Wojciecha, Copernicus Podmiot Leczniczy, Gdańsk, Polska, Brockhuis Bogna ,   Zakład Medycyny Nuklearnej, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu z IMMiT, Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny, Gdańsk, Polska, Barczak Anna ,   Zakład Badawczo-Leczniczy Chorób Zwyrodnieniowych CUN, Instytut Medycyny Doświadczalnej i Klinicznej im. M. Mossakowskiego, Polska Akademia Nauk, Warszawa, Polska,   Oddział Alzheimerowski, Klinika Neurologii, Centralny Szpital Kliniczny Ministerstwa Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji, Warszawa, Polska, Hintze Beata ,   Zakład Psychologii Klinicznej Człowieka Dorosłego, Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej, Warszawa, Polska, Narożańska Ewa ,   Poradnia Zaburzeń Pamięci, Szpital Specjalistyczny św. Wojciecha, Copernicus Podmiot Leczniczy, Gdańsk, Polska
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Differential diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia remains a challenge for neurologists and psychiatrists as some behavioural symptoms of this illness and psychiatric disorders, such as apathy, are not specific. Aim: The paper aims at presenting the differential diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia and primary psychiatric disorders. Discussion: Behavioural symptoms of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia overlap with symptoms typical for primary psychiatric disorders. Psychotic symptoms, apathy and inappropriate behaviour are prominent in schizophrenia. Repetitive behaviours are typical for obsessive-compulsive disorders. Inattention and impulsivity are common in attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Disinhibition is typical of mania in the context of bipolar disorder. Thus, all these psychiatric diagnoses need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia. This condition is associated with language deficits and more widespread executive and social cognition deficits. Also, the presence of neurological symptoms, such as oculomotor dysfunction, upper/lower motor neuron dysfunction or bradykinesia, may facilitate the diagnosis. Functional decline is observed during follow-up in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia, but not in phenocopy syndrome. Conclusions: Differential diagnosis requires integration of behavioural and neuropsychological data with the results of neurological assessment and neuroimaging work-up. In ambiguous cases, if genetic testing is negative, only longitudinal observation can confirm the diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia or phenocopy syndrome.
The New Aesthetic of the Late Nineteen Twenties Reconsidering the Periodization of the Interwar Avant-Gardes
Authors: Forgács Éva
Published: December 2020

The avant-gardes of the nineteen twenties are discussed in the art historical literature as the art products of a rarely upbeat decade, which featured great utopian aspirations and progressive art between the wake of World War I and the Nazi takeover in Germany, as well as the consolidation of Stalinism in the Soviet Union. This essay depicts the decade as being far from a homogenous period, demonstrating that the early internationalism and sense of unlimited possibilities gave way, in or around 1923, to less idealistic, more pragmatic views and practices in even the avant-garde. If examined in this framework, the reception of avant-garde artists and works in the late 1920s that had been enthusiastically embraced in the first years of the decade, was understandably cooler. Professional eminence was overwriting great ideas. The lack of the earlier fervor had disappeared, not because the art was worse, but on account of the new Zeitgeist that brought about the new moral idea of utilitarianism, requiring that the artists be, first of all, of use to the community. Several artists and art writers suddenly turned against those ideas and art that they had only a short time earlier held in the highest esteem.
Realities of modern obstetric practice
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Zhuk S.I. , Schurevska O.D. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Pehno T.V. ,   Kyiv City Maternity Hospital No.2
Published: December 2020

The article presents data retrospective features of pregnancy in women forced migrants . The influence of migration on neonatal anthropometric indices were analysed. There were conducted the increase in the frequency of children born with weight less than 3000 g, with a clear seasonality due to insufficient or inadequate maternal nutrition or disrupt the regulatory processes at the level of the placenta due stress. Key words: pregnancy, women forced migrants, fetus, fetal programming, stress.
Conventional stimulation and regulation therapy: its efficiency in adolescent girls with hypomenstrual syndrome
Authors:   SI «Institute of Child Health and teenagers NAMS of Ukraine», Kharkiv, Levenets S.A. , Nachotova T.A. ,   SI «Institute of Child Health and teenagers NAMS of Ukraine», Kharkiv, Verkhoshanova O.H. ,   SI «Institute of Child Health and teenagers NAMS of Ukraine», Kharkiv, Udovikova N.A. ,   SI «Institute of Child Health and teenagers NAMS of Ukraine», Kharkiv, Kashkalda D.A. ,   SI «Institute of Child Health and teenagers NAMS of Ukraine», Kharkiv
Published: December 2020

The objective: to determine near and distant effectiveness of the non-hormonal conventional stimulation therapy in girls with oligomenorrhea and secondary amenorrhea (hypomenstrual syndrome-HMS). Patients and methods. 86 girls aged 13-18 years with HMS were examined in our study. The study involved immunoenzymatic (LH, FSH, PRL, E2, testosterone-T, and insulin-In) and photometric methods (blood serum vitamin E) and pelvic ultrasonography. Therapeutic measures included biostimulants, adaptogens, vitamin and mineral complexes, as well as biguanides and cyproheptadine according to the treatment indications. Results. The immediate treatment efficiency deteriorates significantly in the presence of uterus hypoplasia (36.7% vs. 60.8% without hypoplasia), in cases with blood FSH and LH increase, hypoestrogenemia and in girls with uterine hypoplasia together with a rise in the testosterone level. The remote efficiency of the treatment (1-3 years after the beginning) depends on the duration of the disease (HMS), deteriorating during its existence without treatment for 2 years or more (43.3% vs. 55.9% when duration of the disease is shorter). Hormonal findings demonstrate a negative effect of the initial hypoestrogenemia on the treatment remote efficiency, which has been recorded in 80% of girls with uterine hypoplasia and two times less frequent in cases with good results. Initial hypoestrogenemia has been observed in 11.1% of patients with positive effect and uterine volume appropriate to the age. Three times more frequent this disorder has been recorded in patients with negative results. Conclusion. Further improvement of non-hormonal methods with extensive involvement of non-medicamentous means and verification of the indications for the hormonal drugs prescription is essential to improve the treatment effectiveness of adolescent girls with HMS. Key words: аdolescent girls, oligomenorrhea, secondary amenorrhea, the effectiveness of non-hormonal treatment.
Features of the ovarian reserve in women with infertility after organ-preserving operations on the pelvic organs
Authors:   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Dubchak A.E. , Dubenko O.D. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Milevsky O.V. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Obeid N.M. ,   Zhitomir Central City Hospital No.1
Published: December 2020

Ovarian reserve (OR) – an important part of the reproductive potential of women, is the ability of the ovaries to provide growth of full-blown follicles containing healthy, fertile eggs. The objective: to evaluate the characteristics of the OR in women with infertility after organ-saving operations on the pelvic organs Patients and methods. 128 women with infertility and hyperplastic diseases of the uterus and appendages (HDUA) were examined. Of these, 54.5% had a chronic inflammatory process of the internal genitalia (CIPIG). 42 patients with HDUA with CIPIG were treated conservatively, 28 patients with HDUA under the condition of CIPIG performing organ-preserving treatment, 27 women with GDUA without CIPIG performed conservative treatment, 31 patients with HDUA without CIPIG carrying out organ-preserving treatment. The volume of ovaries and the number of antral follicles (AF), the amount of anti-Muller hormone (AMG) were studied. Results. In the surveyed women, after surgical treatment, a decrease in the volume of the ovaries and the amount of аntral follicles (AF) was revealed, mainly due to ovarian resection. There was also a decrease in AMG. Moreover, the volume of operated ovaries in the group of patients who underwent cystectomy was significantly lower than in patients after resection or bipolar electrodeletion of the cyst capsule. Such changes in the ovarian reserve in the postoperative period can be explained by the volume of surgical intervention not only on the uterus, but also on the ovaries. Conclusion. The condition of the ovarian reserve in women with infertility against the background of uterine fibroids largely depends on the concomitant volume of surgical intervention. Cystectomy or ovarian resection, even in a sparing volume, is accompanied by a risk of a decrease in primordial and antral follicles. Key words: ovarian reserve, infertility, AMH, operations on pelvic organs, ultrasound.
Профілактика акушерської та перинатальної патології при використанні родинно орієнтованих технологій під час вагітності та пологів
Authors:   Vdovichenko, Vdovichenko S.Yu.
Published: December 2020

The objective: depression of frequency of obstetric and perinatal pathology on the basis of application family focused technologies during pregnancy and partner labors at delivery. Patients and methods. In compliance of a goal researches were conducted in three stages: at 1 stage we carried out the retrospective analysis of clinical course of 26 291 pregnancy and childbirth during 2010-2014; at the 2nd stage the prospective analysis of delivery of 300 women (1 group) who were carried out on the algorithm developed by us with application of the family focused technologies and as group of 2 comparisons 300 labors without participation of the partner were analysed was carried out; at the 3rd stage medico-social features at 100 women and their husbands at whom the family focused technologies, and also at 100 doctors of obstetricians-gynecologists were used were studied. Results. The clinical course of pregnancy and labors at application family focused technologies and partner labors is characterized by depression of frequency of complications during gestation and delivery – anemia of pregnant women (for 4.3±0.4%); placental dysfunction (for 9.6±0.9%); fetus arrests of development (for 5.3±0.5%); anomalies of patrimonial activity (for 9.7±0.9%); a fetus distress (for 1.0±0.1%); the cesarean sections (for 6.0±0.6%); disturbances of contractive activity of uterus after the delivery (for 9.3±0.9%); a wound fever (for 1.7±0.1%); augmentation of frequency of normogalactiya (for 11.0±1.0%) and decreases of hypogalactia of various degree (for 6.0±0.6%). Besides, the augmentation of frequency of the birth of children with an assessment behind a scale Apgar more than 7 points (for 5.6±0.5%) takes place; decrease of disturbances of postanatalny adaptation of newborns (for 6.7±0.6%) and lack of born losses. The developed algorithm allows to lift level of the positive relation of doctors with an experience to 10 years for 21.2±2.2% and with an experience more than 10 years – for 16.2±1.6%, and also to lower level of aggressive maintaining labors by 21.2±2.1%. Conclusion. Results of the conducted researches testify that application of the family focused technologies during pregnancy and labors on the algorithm developed by us allows to improve obstetric and perinatal results of a delivery of women that is a basis for their wide use in practical health care. Key words: the family focused technologies, pregnancy, labors, prophylaxis.
Analisis Kandungan Nutrisi Pada Produk Nugget Gonad Landak Laut Tripneustes gratilla (Linnaeus 1758)
Authors: Andi Lawi Yeni Savitri , Kariyanti Kariyanti , Ernawati Ernawati , Hasanah Nur
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi kandungan proksimat/nutrisi terhadap produk Nugget gonad landak laut (NUGODA) dari hasil olahan gonad landak laut Tripneustes gratilla  segar. Penelitian berlangsung selama tujuh bulan dengan 36 rancangan percobaan, sampel diambil dari daerah Kepulauan Barrang Lompo Makassar. Gonad segar yang didapatkan kemudian dibuat menjadi produk (NUGODA) Tripneustes gratilla setelah itu dianalisis kandungan gizi yang terdapat pada produk (proksimat) dengan metode AOAC. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai kandungan nutrisi dengan 4 perlakuan (A1,A2 ,A3,A4) dimana perbandingan gonad sebanyak (0 g,150 g,200 g,250 g). Didapatkan hasil terbaik kandungan nutrisi pada perlukan A4 dengan penambahan gonat sebanyak 250 g dengan rata-rata kadar protein yang dihasilkan 8.51 %, kadar lemak 5.63 %, Abu 2.13 % dan kadar air 60.37 % dimana hasil yang didapatkan telah memenuhi Standar Nugget Ikan (SNI 7758:2013).
Socialdemokraternas väljarstöd efter gudstjänstbesök 1988-2018
Authors: Hagevi Magnus
Published: December 2020

Abstract saknas
Kristdemokraternas väljarstöd efter gudstjänstbesök 1988-2018
Authors: Hagevi Magnus
Published: December 2020

Abstract saknas
Svenska populistpartiers väljarstöd efter gudstjänstbesök: Ny demokrati 1991-1994 och Sverigedemokraterna 2006-2018
Authors: Hagevi Magnus
Published: December 2020

Abstract saknas
EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL: DO PARADIGMA FRAGMENTADO A UMA PEDAGOGIA DA INTEGRAÇÃO
Authors: Pereira Diógenes Oliveira , Alves Gilcean Silva
Published: December 2020

A sociedade ocidental dos últimos séculos, com a ciência moderna, fundamenta-se em um paradigma cartesiano mecanicista e simplista, racionalista e fragmentado. Este repercute nos mais diversos âmbitos da realidade, e também no campo da educação. Tal visão condicionou as compreensões e práticas pedagógicas, de forma a limitar o processo educacional a acumulação de conteúdos, desprestigiando a formação humanística, filosófica, ética, emocional, essencial no processo humano de aprendizagem. Mas, com o surgimento do paradigma da complexidade, no século XX, tem surgido uma cosmovisão mais integradora, sistêmica. O novo paradigma traz diferentes valores; fomenta uma educação como processo integrador que envolve as diversas dimensões do ser humano. Novos parâmetros promovem o desenvolvimento as potencialidades do aluno, de forma interdisciplinar, crítica e contextualizada, a partir das relações com o mundo que o cerca.
Assessment of Color Parameters on Maxillary Right Central Incisors Using Spectrophotometer and RAW Mobile Photos in Different Light Conditions
Authors: Soldo Mirko , Ileš Davor , Ćelić Robert , Knezović Zlatarić Dubravka
Published: December 2020

Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare three color parameters assessed on the maxillary right central incisors using a spectrophotometer as the gold standard, along with RAW mobile calibrated and non-calibrated photos in different light conditions. Materials and methods: A total of 30 dental students participated in the study. CIE L*a*b* values were measured in the middle third of each maxillary right central incisor spectrophotometrically and digitally on RAW mobile dental photos using different light conditions (F-frontal light; L-lateral light; D-lateral light with diffusers; P- polarizing filter on frontal light; H-hybrid filter as combination of frontal light with polarizing filter and lateral lights with diffusers) with LEDs (light emitting diode) in full power, and with gray card calibration. The obtained results were compared. Results: Mean a* and b* values on calibrated, as well as mean L* values on non-calibrated RAW mobile photos did not significantly differ in different light conditions (P>0.05). CIE L*a*b* values on non-calibrated polarizing RAW mobile photos completely matched the same values obtained using a spectrophotometer on the subject’s maxillary right central incisor (P>0.05). Conclusions: Different light conditions and measuring procedures affected CIE L*a*b* values on RAW mobile photos in this study. Within the limitations, non-calibrated RAW mobile photos using a lightening device with polarizing filters on frontal LED light in standardized conditions can be a useful tool for digital dental shade determination.
A entrada na agenda brasileira do Projeto Nacional de Saneamento Rural (1985)
Authors: Roland Nathalia , Heller Léo , Rezende Sonaly
Published: December 2020

Abstract This article seeks to understand the circumstances that culminated in the formulation and implementation of the National Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project (PNSR) in the 1980s, using the Multiple Streams Model as its theoretical reference. The results show that the theme’s ascension to the government agenda stemmed from a conjuncture marked by intense transitions that contributed to opening a policy window. The struggle to guarantee social rights in the Brazilian re-democratization process; the activities of social movements like the grassroots public health movement; the large sanitary deficit and its consequences for public health; the joint involvement of institutions with considerable expertise like Economic and Social Planning Institute (IPEA), Public Health Special Service Foundation (FSESP) and Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) and the availability of financial resources stemming from a partnership arrangement with the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) provided a favorable environment for the elaboration of the PNSR.
Economizando mais de R$ 85 bilhões ao Regime Geral de Previdência Social do Brasil: o caso do PRBI
Authors: Botelho Vinícius , Freitas Raquel Maria Soares , Beltrame Alberto
Published: December 2020

Abstract Since 2016, the number of recipients of incapacity allowance in Brazil has been continuously falling. This article presents the program of incapacity benefits assessment (PRBI) to help understand the dynamics around incapacity allowance and similar benefits. The study shows that the PRBI can save more than R$ 85 billion of the budget allocated to social security in the country.
Políticas, crianças e segurança no trânsito: contribuições da abordagem WPR à análise de políticas
Authors: Cordeiro Adriana Tenório , Mello Sérgio Carvalho Benício de
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Consideramos a atenção pública voltada à segurança da criança no trânsito tendo por base a abordagem, de inspiração foucaultiana, What’s the Problem Represented to Be?, (WPR) de Carol Bacchi. A premissa, neste estudo, reside em utilizar textos de políticas e propostas de políticas visando acessar problematizações por meio das quais somos governados. Seu potencial é relevante para que repensemos ênfases convencionais na definição de agenda e em processos de elaboração de políticas. A WPR sugere que, na internalização do discurso da segurança da criança, o ‘problema’ do trânsito não é dado a priori, mas produzido também discursivamente no contexto das políticas e propostas de políticas, com efeitos práticos sobre o cotidiano de crianças em aglomerados urbanos.
The comparative agendas project in Latin America: data and coding
Authors: Bevan Shaun , Palau Anna M
Published: December 2020

Abstract This paper introduces the Comparative Agendas Project system of coding as well as a wealth of gathered and in process data from Latin America using this established and reliable system for capturing policy attention comparatively and over time. While this is not the first introduction of the coding system, it is the first introduction aimed at Latin America and a new type of political system beyond North American and European democracies. First, we present an overview of the Comparative Agendas Project (CAP) and the Master Codebook used to create comparative policy attention data across countries, over time, and between agendas. These details of CAP are discussed for Latin America in general and for Brazil, Colombia and Ecuador, countries that recently started to gather data using these coding.
Aprendizado e mudança em políticas públicas: explorando possibilidades no Modelo de Coalizões de Defesa
Authors: Ma Janaina , Vieira Diego Mota
Published: December 2020

Abstract This article aims to advance the discussion about the influence of knowledge and policy learning on policy change, taking the Advocacy Coalition Framework as reference. We propose unlinking the comprehension of learning through change in two perspectives. First, we suggest apprehending the relation between knowledge and policy learning, through the use of knowledge, assuming that different forms of learning are possible, depending on the context of decision-making. Then, relying on the contributions of the theory of gradual institutional change, we suggest using the notion of institutional dynamics, in order to capture the explanatory power of knowledge and policy learning both in stasis and change situations. We aim to contribute to diminish the skepticism presented in the literature about the influence of knowledge and policy learning in the policy process.
Estudo de caso: o que Rafael Correa disse? Comparando a atenção política em 10 anos dos discursos do presidente equatoriano
Authors: Aguirre Pablo Ruiz
Published: December 2020

Abstract The “citizen revolution” was a political project executed mainly between 2007 and 2016 by the former president of the Republic of Ecuador, Rafael Correa Delgado, under the paradigm of 21st century socialism. The main characteristic of this project was to introduce a new political agenda to the country that was differentiated from past agendas, by focusing on issues such as the recognition of new rights, improvements to education, instituting a new economic model, and strengthening government and sovereignty, among others. Under this context, this work aims to analyze the political attention of the ex-president, explaining why some issues are more important than others, and why they varied over time. Based on a conceptual framework that takes ideas from the agenda-setting theory, the areas on which the political agenda concentrates are measured by the Shannon entropy index, and its various changes are explained as the results of preferences, institutional factors, and external events. The analysis is based on extensive database analyses of 10 years (covering Rafael Correa’s presidency) of government speeches, which are coded according to the methodology of the Comparative Agendas Project (CAP). To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first work to apply the CAP methodology in Ecuador.
Reinvenções narrativas como mecanismos cognitivos para a estabilidade de políticas públicas: o caso da política antidrogas na Colômbia
Authors: Santander Jairo
Published: December 2020

Abstract Public policies face major challenges to their consolidation and stability that force rulers to make significant political efforts to keep them alive. Some of these challenges occur by the adjustment of the policy’s idea as an attempt to reduce the possible difficulties caused by public confrontation, thus better adapting them to the reference frame of the actors. Such is the case of Colombia’s drug control policy which did not have sufficient legitimacy to be carried out, despite international pressure, but it was later coupled to the international agenda as a national need. By using the critical discourse analysis, this study verifies how the discursive transformation of this policy took place and the cognitive mechanisms used to reinterpret it as a matter of national security and not international co-responsibility, which allowed consolidation of the current prohibitionist strategy. The results of the study reveal an interpretation of the drug trafficking problem as a threat to the institutional order, which reduces the confrontation capacity of the critics of the proposed policy.
Mudança de larga escala na política ambiental: análise da realidade brasileira
Authors: Capelari Mauro Guilherme Maidana , Araújo Suely Mara Vaz Guimarães de , Calmon Paulo Carlos Du Pin , Borinelli Benilson
Published: December 2020

Abstract The Brazilian presidential elections of 2018 brought large-scale changes in the Brazilian environmental policy subsystem. The purpose of this article is to analyze these changes through the lenses of the Advocacy Coalition Framework - ACF. First, we introduced some of the main characteristics of this subsystem, then we presented a hemerographic analysis to describe and analyze the effects of four recent shocks in this subsystem. Two of these shocks were external: (i) the election of a new political elite in power that brought a clear discourse of denial of the relevance of environmental policy and (ii) calamitous environmental events that occurred in Brazil in 2019. The other two shocks were internal: (i) the capture of key positions and resources by dominant coalition members and (ii) the rise of conflict and polarization among the coalitions in the subsystem. The results showed: (i) the rise of a hyper-adversarial environmental policy subsystem; (ii) a realignment between non-dominant coalitions in a cooperative direction; (iii) the imposition of clear barriers to negotiation; (iv) changes in the use of scientific information by more politicized discourses with a high degree of bias. The article contributes to the understanding of the processes of institutional change in environmental policy, especially in contexts of large-scale change generated by increasing electoral polarization and fierce political disputes. It also contributes to the analysis of the limits and possibilities of the ACF in the Brazilian environmental agenda.
Estudos sobre formação da agenda de políticas públicas: um panorama das pesquisas no Brasil
Authors: Capella Ana Cláudia Niedhardt
Published: December 2020

Abstract This article aims to present a brief reflection on the studies in the field of the public policy agenda. To this end, the text presents the main theoretical and methodological developments on the subject found in the international literature, with an emphasis on three fundamental contributions: the studies developed by Cobb and Elder in the 1970s; John Kingdon’s multiple streams model in the 1980s; and Baumgartner and Jones’ propositions from the 1990s until the present. Next, we seek to understand how policy agenda-setting studies have been developed in Brazil. To do so, we conduct a mapping of the Brazilian academic production, considering theses, dissertations, and articles published in journals between 2000 and 2018. In conclusion, we note the growing expansion of agenda studies in Brazil, and we draw attention to some of the characteristics of these works, such as the preferred policy areas and the theoretical and methodological frameworks favored by researchers, among other aspects.
Agenda setting: Policy change and policy dynamics A brief introduction
Authors: Brasil Felipe Gonçalves , Jones Bryan D.
Published: December 2020

Abstract This Thematic Special Issue on Policy Change and Policy Dynamics has as its main objective to present and discuss agenda setting, one of the most important issues for the study of public policies and the policy process. The agenda setting approach proposes an analytical approach on pre-decision processes to understand broader developments in public policy. To achieve that, it places the attention at the center of political action and relies on the fact that it is the change in attention that would cause, consequently, change in public policy. One of the most relevant aspects on the studies of policy agendas and policy change considers the diffusion occurred in the years 2000 with the application of its theoretical and methodological approaches to different societies and political systems beyond the United States. Consequently, another important achievement in the studies of agenda setting and policy change must be highlighted: studies of public policies in comparative perspective. Although agenda-setting studies have grown significantly in the international academic community, there are still some important points to be better explored. The intent of this Themed Special Issue of RAP is to contribute with the growing agenda-setting studies by highlighting the processes of policy changes and policy dynamics.
Ideias em disputa sobre as atribuições do Estado na prevenção e controle da obesidade infantil no Brasil
Authors: Henriques Patrícia , Burlandy Luciene , Dias Patricia Camacho , O’Dwyer Gisele
Published: December 2020

Resumo O estudo analisou as ideias em disputa em torno das atribuições do Estado na prevenção e controle da obesidade infantil no Brasil com base no referencial de análise cognitiva de políticas públicas. Realizou-se análise documental e entrevista semiestruturada com 20 depoentes referenciados às esferas do Estado/Governo, sociedade civil organizada e do setor privado comercial. O Estado foi considerado o principal responsável pelo enfrentamento da obesidade infantil, mas as concepções sobre suas atribuições variaram de acordo com as narrativas sobre os condicionantes da obesidade e as soluções apresentadas. O setor privado comercial critica o Estado regulador em nome da liberdade de decisão dos pais. Representantes da sociedade civil e de parte do governo valorizam ações regulatórias e reconhecem que são fundamentais. Consideram que os acordos para a redução de ingredientes, realizados entre o governo e a indústria alimentícia, não são efetivos. Porém, alguns representantes do governo os defendem. Essas tensões e contradições também se expressam nos documentos de políticas que reconhecem que as práticas do setor privado comercial favorecem a obesidade, mas o consideram parceiro. Os argumentos contrários ao Estado regulador são pautados nos condicionantes individuais da obesidade, contudo, as práticas institucionais do setor privado comercial é que são objeto de regulação e não o comportamento dos indivíduos. No entanto, esse tipo de argumento é parte da ação política corporativa, pois omite os conflitos de interesses que vêm contribuindo para retardar a redução da prevalência da obesidade.
A autoetnografia performática e a pesquisa qualitativa na Saúde Coletiva: (des)encontros método+lógicos
Authors: Raimondi Gustavo Antonio , Moreira Claudio , Brilhante Aline Veras , Barros Nelson Filice de
Published: December 2020

A autoetnografia performática é uma metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa que busca problematizar as resistências entre o “eu” (auto) e o coletivo (etno) no ato de escrever (grafia). Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é discutir a construção teórico-prática da autoetnografia performática e sua aplicabilidade como método de pesquisa e análise qualitativa no campo da Saúde Coletiva por meio, inclusive, de uma escrita autoetnográfica performática. A partir da problematização das bases epistêmicas e ontológicas da autoetnografia performática, apontando possibilidades para o seu desenvolvimento e inclusão nos estudos do campo da Saúde Coletiva, apresenta-se a autoetnografia performática como uma estratégia para ampliar as possibilidades de justiça social, de democratização e de pluralismos nas/das práticas de pesquisa. Orientada pela episteme pós-colonial, que explora abordagens descolonizadoras que provocam e criam condições para a transformação do próprio olhar acadêmico e do conhecimento que privilegia certas representações do “outro”, a autoetnografia performática problematiza principalmente como as histórias subalternizadas e marginalizadas se relacionam com os sistemas considerados hegemônicos.
Perfil de utilização de medicamentos antineoplásicos entre indígenas atendidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Matos Camila Alves , Osorio-de-Castro Claudia Garcia Serpa , Coimbra Jr. Carlos E. A. , Silva Mario Jorge Sobreira da
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Estima-se que no Brasil existam cerca de 900 mil indígenas (0,4% da população do país) pertencentes a mais de 300 etnias diferentes. Porém, informações sobre a epidemiologia do câncer e sobre os medicamentos antineoplásicos utilizados no tratamento desses indivíduos são escassas. Os objetivos do presente estudo são identificar os medicamentos antineoplásicos utilizados e descrever o perfil de utilização deles na população indígena tratada no Brasil, além de descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos usuários. Foi realizado um estudo do tipo ecológico que envolveu os atendimentos ambulatoriais de quimioterapia, realizados no período de janeiro de 2014 e dezembro de 2018, em todo o Brasil. A fonte de coleta dos dados utilizada foi o Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial, do Departamento de Informática do SUS, considerando apenas as Autorizações de Procedimentos de Alta Complexidade para Quimioterapia. Foram identificadas 2.425 autorizações para procedimentos de quimioterapia destinadas ao tratamento de pacientes indígenas. Um total de 2.292 autorizações, para um total de 210 indivíduos, foram analisadas. Observou-se um aumento do número de autorizações e de indígenas em uso de quimioterapia ao longo do período, maior concentração de indivíduos residentes e em tratamento na Região Sul do país, diversidade de tipos de tumores diagnosticados (n = 63) e de esquemas terapêuticos utilizados durante o tratamento (n = 107). O presente estudo trouxe um novo panorama sobre o perfil epidemiológico dos usuários indígenas sob tratamento quimioterápico no Sistema Único de Saúde. Os achados contribuem para o preenchimento da atual lacuna de conhecimento a respeito da saúde indígena no Brasil.
Prematuridade e gravidez na adolescência no Brasil, 2011-2012
Authors: Almeida André Henrique do Vale de , Gama Silvana Granado Nogueira da , Costa Maria Conceição Oliveira , Carmo Cleber Nascimento do , Pacheco Vanessa Eufrauzino , Martinelli Katrini Guidolini , Leal Maria do Carmo
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a associação entre gravidez na adolescência e prematuridade. Os dados são provenientes da pesquisa Nascer no Brasil, inquérito nacional composto por 23.894 puérperas e seus recém-nascidos. As informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevista com a puérpera durante a internação hospitalar. Um método de pareamento foi estabelecido, baseado nos escores de propensão, para lidar com diferenças entre os grupos em razão de um desenho não experimental, caso do estudo Nascer no Brasil. O desfecho do estudo foi a idade gestacional, sendo considerados todos os partos prematuros (idade gestacional < 37 semanas) e a termo (idade gestacional entre 37 e 41 semanas e 6 dias). O estudo evidenciou disparidades sociais, econômicas e assistenciais maternas entre as mulheres segundo a faixa etária. A maior proporção de puérperas adolescentes se concentrou nas regiões menos desenvolvidas do país, Norte e Nordeste, e nas classes econômicas menos favorecidas (D/E). Depois de equiparadas quanto às características socioeconômicas e assistenciais, foram observadas maiores chances de prematuridade espontânea nas adolescentes precoces, tanto em comparação às adolescentes tardias (OR = 1,49; IC95%: 1,07-2,06), quanto às adultas jovens (OR = 2,38; IC95%: 1,82-3,12). A prematuridade permanece em pauta no campo da saúde materno-infantil, sendo preocupante a associação com a gestação na adolescência encontrada neste trabalho, destacando-se que quanto mais jovem a gestante, maior a chance de parto prematuro espontâneo.
O custo da extensão da vigência de patentes de medicamentos para o Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Paranhos Julia , Mercadante Eduardo , Hasenclever Lia
Published: December 2020

Resumo: O parágrafo único do art. 40 da Lei de Propriedade Industrial brasileira estabelece a extensão de vigência de patentes pela mora do exame, ao menos, até dez anos a partir da concessão. Pensado como exceção, esse dispositivo tornou-se a regra no caso das patentes farmacêuticas, prolongando o prazo de exclusividade de exploração de medicamentos. Isso impacta o consumo privado e o orçamento do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Este trabalho investiga o custo, para o SUS, da extensão de vigência de nove medicamentos, por ser proibida a compra de versões genéricas ou biossimilares. Foram analisados três grupos: (a) quatro já em extensão; (b) três que, com a concessão das patentes, terão extensão; e (c) dois com patentes mailbox que estão em domínio público, mas que podem ter a extensão garantida judicialmente. A partir de valores unitários e quantidades totais de compra pelo Departamento de Logística em Saúde do Ministério da Saúde (DLOG), foi estimado um gasto total de R$ 10,6 bilhões com os nove medicamentos entre 2014 a 2018. Assim, foi projetado o gasto total nos respectivos períodos de extensão: R$ 6,8 bilhões. Uma busca de mercado por preços de alternativas genéricas retornou uma redução potencial de R$ 1,2 bilhão para o gasto do DLOG com apenas quatro medicamentos. Por fim, com base nas reduções mínimas, médias e máximas do mercado, foi encontrada uma economia potencial de até R$ 3,9 bilhões no gasto do DLOG com a compra dos nove medicamentos, se não houvesse o dispositivo de extensão de vigência.
Índice de Território Saudável e Sustentável dos municípios do semiárido brasileiro
Authors: Petersen Rafael de Souza , Silveira Missifany , Fenner André Luiz Dutra , Campos Augusto de Souza , Martins Wagner de Jesus , Machado Jorge Mesquita Huet
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Os territórios saudáveis e sustentáveis se relacionam à promoção da saúde e ao desenvolvimento humano, com redução das vulnerabilidades presentes no território e para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Esse estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver o Índice de Território Saudável e Sustentável, com indicadores de dados secundários de 2010, para classificação territorial em prioridade de ação em território saudável e sustentável. Foi produzido utilizando dados do Censo Demográfico brasileiro de 2010, base para o cálculo dos indicadores do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento e do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada. O índice é formado por 12 indicadores: sete são da dimensão vulnerabilidade e cinco de desenvolvimento humano. Sua pontuação varia de 0 a 12, e quanto maior a pontuação menor é a prioridade de ação no território. Para o cálculo, foram adotados como referência os intervalos interquartis de cada indicador do índice, sendo a unidade de análise todos os municípios dos estados que estão no semiárido brasileiro. Os resultados foram a favor da validade do índice, uma vez que sua pontuação aumentou com os indicadores de desenvolvimento humano e diminuiu com o aumento da vulnerabilidade social. Além do mais, houve indicação de maior prioridade de ação para municípios que estão inseridos no contexto do semiárido. Espera-se que o índice possa ser utilizado como uma fonte de informação para uma análise em escala municipal dos estados do semiárido, com a finalidade de auxiliar no desenvolvimento de políticas públicas, das ações dos movimentos sociais organizados e de estudos mais aprofundados, visando ao desenvolvimento saudável e sustentável da região.
Dificuldade em atividades de vida diária e necessidade de ajuda em idosos: discutindo modelos de distanciamento social com evidências da iniciativa ELSI-COVID-19
Authors: Oliveira Dayane Capra de , Oliveira Cesar Messias de , Lima-Costa Maria Fernanda , Alexandre Tiago da Silva
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Analisar se idosos com dificuldade ou necessidade de ajuda para desempenhar atividades básicas ou instrumentais de vida diária estão mais distanciados socialmente em tempos de COVID-19. Participaram das entrevistas telefônicas 4.035 idosos participantes da 2ª onda do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde dos Idosos Brasileiros (ELSI-Brasil). Classificou-se a dificuldade, necessidade e recebimento de ajuda em: (1) independentes; (2) com dificuldade e não precisa de ajuda; (3) com dificuldade, precisa e recebe ajuda de pessoa de dentro de casa; (4) com dificuldade, precisa e recebe ajuda de pessoa de fora de casa; e (5) com dificuldade, precisa, mas não recebe ajuda. O distanciamento social foi categorizado como não saiu de casa nos últimos 7 dias, saiu de casa para atividades essenciais e saiu de casa para atividades não essenciais. Modelo de regressão multinomial controlado por idade, sexo, escolaridade e região do Brasil foi utilizado. Permaneceram mais distanciados socialmente os idosos que apresentavam dificuldade, necessitavam e recebiam ajuda de pessoa de dentro (odds ratio - OR = 2,34; IC95%: 1,25-4,39) ou de fora de casa (OR = 3,94; IC95%: 2,24-6,92). A idade aumentou a chance de não sair de casa (OR = 1,06; IC95%: 1,03-1,09) e ser homem a diminuiu (OR = 0,48; IC95%: 0,33-0,70). Viver na Região Sul aumentou a chance dos idosos saírem para atividades essenciais (OR = 1,77; IC95%: 1,01-3,10). Idosos com dificuldade, que precisam e recebiam ajuda de pessoas de dentro ou de fora de casa não saíram de casa nos últimos 7 dias. Mesmo com o distanciamento social, esses idosos podem não ter sua exposição ao COVID-19 reduzida, enfraquecendo a teoria do distanciamento social seletivo.
Narrativas sobre as práticas de maternagem na prisão: a encruzilhada da ordem discursiva prisional e da ordem discursiva do cuidado
Authors: Nunes Lívia Rangel de Christo , Deslandes Suely Ferreira , Jannotti Claudia Bonan
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Quando dão à luz durante o período de aprisionamento, as mulheres presas têm o direito de conviver com seus filhos em unidades específicas para mães e bebês, pelo período mínimo de seis meses. Essa convivência tem como foco o cuidado e a proteção da criança, mas ocorre em um ambiente ordenado pela ordem prisional. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o exercício das práticas de cuidado materno na prisão. Foram realizadas seis entrevistas narrativas no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: duas com mulheres que vivenciaram a experiência de maternagem no período de aprisionamento na Unidade Materno Infantil do Complexo Penitenciário de Gericinó e quatro com profissionais de organizações não governamentais que trabalharam com mulheres que tiveram seus bebês no período de encarceramento. A análise das narrativas foi feita a partir da interpretação dos papéis e das relações entre as personagens narradas e a forma como suas interações modelam as histórias contadas. Por fim, realizou-se a articulação interpretativa entre as narrativas e o referencial teórico sobre gênero e prisões. Concluiu-se que as normas prisionais e as normas de cuidado se tensionam e convergem em uma dinâmica que busca beneficiar o bebê, sem deixar de punir a mulher. Dessa maneira, a experiência de maternagem na prisão atua como forma de reafirmar uma moralidade de gênero, definida no papel de boa mãe.