bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulsed Current and Pulsed Powder Operation of the One-Cathode-One-Anode-Plasma-Generator (OCOAPG)-Part II
Authors: Zimmermann Stephan , Schein Jochen
Published: October 2022

In most small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that conduct plasma spraying, a one-cathode, one-anode plasma generator (OCOAPG) is used due to its cost-effectiveness. To achieve high deposition rates, the highest possible fraction of the injected powder has to be melted and accelerated toward the substrate. A sufficiently long and reproducible residence time in plasma is needed that is adequate in relation to the amount and size of the particles This can be achieved by a long plasma jet with little or no temporal variation in length and temperature. In OCOAPG, an arc is operated between a cathode and a central tubular anode, which causes different instabilities in the effluent plasma jet. Due to the instable interaction between the plasma jet and the carrier gas jet continuously incorporating the powder, fluctuations occur resulting in reduced coating quality. Coating systems with a higher number of electrodes (and hence using several arcs) show higher stability and therefore can provide higher coating quality. However, due to their complexity and cost intensity, the investment hurdle for SMEs usually turns out to be too high. Recently, research steps to improve the plasma spraying process with OCOAPG have been undertaken by using a controllable current source to create a uniform interaction between the particle and the gas jet. As the movement of the anodic arc attachment can be actively controlled by current pulses, the plasma jet can be lengthened and shortened at periodic intervals. Furthermore, by pulsing the particle delivery synchronously to the power modulation, an improved particle penetration and consistent residence times can be achieved. First diagnostic results, including example coatings, are presented and discussed within the paper.
High Temperature Erosion Mechanisms and Erosion Rate of Hard Coatings for Surface Recovery of Heavy-Fuel Engines
Authors: Miranda Javier , Bejarano Lorena , Valarezo Alfredo
Published: October 2022

This study aims at evaluating the erosion resistance at temperature of several hard coatings, including: CrC-NiCr by HVOF, Fe-based alloy by Arc Spray, NiCrBSiFe by powder flame spraying. These coatings are to be used for the recovery of highly eroded walls (above 10 mm thickness) of gray cast iron in the exhaust ducts in heavy-fuel engines. The erosion test consists of erosive particles thrown through a high temperature gas jet, for 5 cycles of 5 minutes, according to ASTM G211-14 (modified). Coated samples are subjected to a fuel gas-torch reaching a front temperature of 450ºC and a back temperature of 90ºC (water cooled), simulating the actual application. The eroded samples are characterized using EDS, and SEM. The results show the erosion rate of each material/system, and their corresponding erosion mechanisms. Thus, the results allows for the selection of an optimum coating for this surface recovery application.
Restoring Body of Valuable Historic Vehicles: An Innovative Approach by the Use of Thermal Spray Techniques
Authors: Chierichetti Andrea , Cerri Walter , Meloni Roberto , Barp Luigino
Published: October 2022

The restoration of a valuable historic vehicle is a complex operation; indeed, the vehicle value is directly connected to the degree of authenticity of the restoration. Corrosion has been observed to reduce the thickness of metal sheets from the original 0.03 in. (0.8 mm) to only 0.015 in. (0.4 mm) or even less. In such cases, traditional restoration methods could lead to further deterioration of the metal body. In this article, the authors describe an innovative thermal spray method for restoring metal sheets to their original thickness. This method permits restoration of the original body, preserving the degree of authenticity of the vehicle. The method has been patented by Ferrari SpA.
Development of a Thermal-Sprayed Coating System to Mitigate Ice Accumulation and Freezing Damage in Carbon Steel Pipes
Authors: Rad Milad Rezvani , McDonald André
Published: October 2022

A multi-layered thermal-sprayed coating system, developed as a resistive heating system, was deposited on a carbon steel pipe. The feasibility of using a 50Cr-50Ni coating as a heating element on top of a conductive substrate was studied. Alumina was deposited to serve as an electrically insulating layer between the metal coating and the substrate to restrict the flow of electrons from the metal alloy heating element to the steel substrate. Continuity, homogeneity, and adhesion of the coating were qualitatively analyzed by studying scanning electron microscope images. The performance of the heating system was determined by measuring the ice temperature and the times required to heat and melt the solid ice that was formed within the pipe. It was found that the coating system was able to generate the heat required to melt the ice in the pipe, thus avoiding the detrimental effects on the pipe of internal liquid freezing. This suggests that the proposed novel resistive heating system can be used on an industrial scale to mitigate or avoid the detrimental effects of ice accumulation in steel and other metallic pipes.
Cost-Effective Plasma Spraying for Large-Scale Applications
Authors: Medricky Jan , Musalek Radek , Janata Marek , Chraska Tomas , Lukac Frantisek
Published: October 2022

Plasma spraying of large-scale components (such as paper mill rolls, rocket exit nozzles, parts of the land-based turbines for power generation, thermally sprayed free-standing tubes, etc.) and also powder spheroidization) are just several examples of industrial applications where the processing time and costs are critical. To ensure productivity and cost-effectivity of the process, it is beneficial to use plasma torches which can process high powder throughputs, i.e. with feed rates in tens of kilograms per hour. Such torches must have sufficiently high enthalpy and plasma temperature, to ensure homogeneous particle treatment and high deposition efficiency. Hybrid water-stabilized plasma (WSP-H) system with its enthalpy of more than 140 MJ/kg and plasma temperature of 25 000 K is able to process up to 40 kg of powders per hour. Since the WSP-H torch consumes typically only 15 slm of Ar at full power of 180 kW, it is a very powerful and also economical tool that meets all the prerequisites for large-scale plasma spraying applications. Spraying of three representative ceramics: alumina, zircon, and yttria-stabilized-zirconia is presented in this study. It reveals only limited influence of increasing powder throughput on particle velocity, temperature and coating microstructure. Deposition efficiency of the processes is discussed and the deposited coatings are analyzed by SEM and XRD.
KUALITAS DAN KOMPOSISI KIMIA SILASE JERAMI JAGUNG DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BERBAGAI JENIS ADITIF SILASE
Authors: Anjalani Ria , Paulini Paulini , Rumbang Nyahu
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the quality and chemical composition of corn straw silage with the addition of various silage additives. The study used a completely randomized design consisting of 4 treatments, namely P1 (corn straw + 10% rice bran), P2 (corn straw + EM4 10%), P3 (corn straw + 10% milled corn), and P4 (corn straw + tapioca flour 10%). Parameters observed are physical quality, fermentative quality, and chemical composition of corn straw silage. The results showed that the physical qualities of all treatments gave the same results. The pH and Fleigh Scores of all treatments show no significant difference (P>0.05). The content of DM, OM, and CP from  all treatments show no significant difference (P>0.05),while the CF show a significant difference (P<0.05). From the results of this study, it is concluded that the addition of EM4 as a silage additive gave the best results on corn straw silage.
Eucyclops albuferensis sp. nov. (Cyclopida: Copepoda: Crustacea) from Albufera lake, Valencia, Spain
Authors: Alekseev V.R.
Published: October 2022

A new species of Eucyclops (Copepoda: Crustacea) is described from the ancient oligosaline lagoon Lake Albufera (Spain). Eucyclops albuferensis sp. nov. belongs to the Eucyclops-serrulatus-group of species and can be clearly separated from other conspecifics by a combination of characters that includes very long setules on distal side of caudal rami, absence of teeth on hyaline membrane on distal segments of antennules, micropatterns of hairs and teeth on both sides of basipodite of antenna and hair reduction on inner coxal spine in P4. This species is suggested to be a local endemic of the Valencia area, which is well known as a Pleistocene refuge during glaciation.
New materials on turtles of the family Nanhsiungchelyidae from the Cretaceous of Uzbekistan and Mongolia, with a review of the nanhsiungchelyid record in Asia
Authors: Danilov I.G. , Syromyatnikova E.V.
Published: October 2022

This paper presents a review of all known records of turtles of the family Nanhsiungchelyidae in Asia, including data from 37 localities. Among new materials described herein are remains of nanhsiungchelyids (Hanbogdemys sp. 1 and 2 and Nanhsiungchelyidae indet. 1–10) from 12 Early and Late Cretaceous localities of Mongolia and Uzbekistan. Nanhsiungchelyidae from the Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) of Mongolia are reported for the first time. Reassessment of the published data on Asian nanhsiungchelyids allows us to change taxonomic status of many previous findings from Basilemys sp. or Zangerlia sp. to Nanhsiungchelyidae indet. In addition, we refer Bulganemys jaganchobili to Hanbogdemys. The latter genus thus has the widest temporal distribution (from Cenomanian to Campanian) among nanhsiungchelyids in Asia. Our analysis of the nanhsiungchelyid record in Asia shows that the record is richest in the Cenomanian–Campanian of Mongolia, whereas the Maastrichtian record from Mongolia should be considered questionable. These facts emphasize the particular importance of the Mongolian record of nanhsiungchelyids for understanding the diversification and evolution of this group.
About ovoviviparity in mealybugs (Homoptera: Coccinea: Pseudococcidae)
Authors: Trapeznikova I.V. , Gavrilov I.A.
Published: October 2022

Ovoviviparity in the large family Pseudococcidae (mealybugs) is analysed for the first time. A preliminary list of 500 ovoviviparous species of 54 genera is given with figures for some species. A correlation between external morphology of mealybugs and mode of oviposition is discussed.
Systematics and phylogeny of the genus Bucculatrix (Lepidoptera: Bucculatricidae) with special attention to larval mode of life and trophic relationships
Authors: Baryshnikova S.V.
Published: October 2022

The hypotheses concerning position of the family Bucculatricidae in the modern lepidopteran classifications are shortly reviewed. The phylogenetic analysis of the genus Bucculatrix was carried out with maximum parsimony approach. Monophyly of the genus is supported by 5 synapomorphies. The genus is splitted into 5 early diverged taxa (species groups: albella, ceanothiella, gnaphaliella, lavaterella, magnella) and one monophyletic clade (species groups: (albedinella, armata, basifuscella, bechsteinella, cidarella, demaryella, endospiralis, formosa, frangutella, ilecella, ulmella) supported by a synapomorphy: a presence of longitudinal row of cornuti in aedeagus. The groups of magnella and gnaphaliella are both associated with Asteraceae, the former group retains the ancestral position of the bases of the male tegminal lobes. The group lavaterella retains the most archaic structure of the anellus of the male genitalia; all species develop on Malvaceae. Among two other early derivated species-groups, albella shows no autapomorphies and ceanothiella possesses derivatively bulbous base of the aedeagus, with only Rhamnaceae recorded as their food plants. The monophyletic clade is splitted into two subclades. The subclade formed by endospiralis and formosa seems to be more primitive, these taxa sharing the presence of the gnathos in males. Within the rest of groups forming another subclade, the relationships between cidarella, demaryella, and ulmella are supported by one synapomorphy: modified anellus of male genitalia; larvae often feed on amentiferous plants. Other groups, albedinella, armata, basifuscella, bechsteinella, frangutella, and ilecella share one derivative character: presence of spines or other sclerotizations in the ductus bursae of females; larvae are known as the miners of various arboreal plants, mainly belonging to the families Rhamnaceae and Rosaceae. Tendencies in the relationships between the moths and their host plants are discussed on the base of the obtained phylogenetic hypothesis.
The study of ecological flexibility and adaptability of black current varieties in conditions of Kirov region
Authors: Vakhrusheva N. S. , Saltykova T. I. , Sofronov A. P.
Published: October 2022

The researches had been held in 2015-2021ss in FSBSI FARC of the North-East (FEDERAL STATE BUDGET SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTION “FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTRE”). The studied objects were 36 varieties of black current collection of 2013 planting year. The check variety was Vologda. The aim of the researches is to estimate black currant varieties for productivity, fruiting stability, sustainability and adaptability in conditions of Kirov region. The most common technique to estimate productivity of the varieties is comparison with the check variety. 13 varieties were referred to the most numerous group of high productive (4.7-14.3 t/ha), including the varieties of FARC of the North-East, such as, Benefis (Benefit) and Sputnick (Satellite). The coefficient of productiveness stability (S) and the coefficient of adaptability (CA) were calculated for detection of adaptive varieties in conditions of the region. On the coefficient of productiveness stability (S) in conditions of Kirov region, the black current varieties with maximum demonstration of this feature were distinguished: Fortuna (Fortune) (0.86), Arcadia (0.83), Mulatka (Mulatto) (0.83), Dobriy Dzhin (A Kind Jenie) (0.82), Alivas (0.79) and the check variety Vologda (0.77). The estimation of the adaptability coefficient (CA) allows distinguishing 16 black current varieties with high adaptability (101280 % on average over 7 years). The coefficient of regression (bi) shows how far the amount of harvest varies in changing environmental index per unit and characterizes flexibility of the variety. 10 flexible, high-intensity varieties, which coefficient of regression was 6.8-1.4, were identified. The technique, which was suggested by S. N. Shcheglov, allows the combination of productivity and sustainability. The applying of the technique permitted to distinguish 13 varieties with above the average productivity among the whole complex of varieties (more than 4.5 t/ha). As a result of the research, the following black currant varieties were emphasized: Benefis (Benefit) which was differed in high productiveness stability, average fruiting stability, high flexibility and adaptability; Sputnick (Satellite) and Naslednitsa (Inheritress), which combined high productiveness stability, high flexibility and adaptability. The adaptive varieties of the intensive type Cherniy Zhemchug (Black Pearl) and Nezhdanchik showed high but instable productivity during the years. The productive varieties Arcadia (the selection of FARC of the North-East) and Dobriy Dzhin (A Kind Jenie) were prominent for high fruiting stability and adaptability.
Effect of pre-plant soil cultivation on resistance of strawberry agrocyanosis, variety productivity and fruit quality
Authors: Kozlova I. I.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the item under consideration in investigation of effect resulted from preplant introduction of gypsum, lime and biohumus on productivity marketability and growth processes of day-neutral strawberries and june bearing varieties. The investigations were carried out in open field on the soil characterized as black soils-leached, medium-humus, medium-strengt, heavy loamy on loess-like loam under lained de medium-grained sand with medium acid reaction of soil acidity (pHKCL4.9). The study was focused on strawberry plantations (planted in 2017) with ‘Flamenko’ and ‘San Andreas’ varieties and variants with preplant application of 1. Biohumus, 2. biohumus and dolomite powder, 3. biohumus, gypsum and lime. The analysis of experiment results over the period 2017-2018 showed that statistically reliable biological efficiency was found for applying the compositions of ameliorant on the strawberry varieties of different genotypic groups. Increase in yield in the studied variants was from 29.0-49.9 % % (day-neutral variety ‘San Andreas’) and within 20.9-33.7 % % (june-bearing variety ‘Flamenko’). The influence of soil ameliorants on fruit weight is less expressed in the studied varieties ‘Flamenko’ (6.4-16.0 %-%). Phutosanitary control of strawberry plantation state revealed such damaging factors of the varieties as thrips and dusky stink bug.
Promising species of the genus Sedum (Crassulaceae) of the Orenburg branch of the Federal Horticulture Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery
Authors: Feschenko E. M.
Published: October 2022

The article summarizes the results of observations of the promising samples of the genus Sedum of the genetic collection of ornamental crops of the Orenburg branch of the Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery. Investigation of the features of the development phases and evaluation of the prospects of introduction of 7 species and 1 variety (Sedum selskianum Regel & Maack, Sedum dasyphyllum L., Sedum spurium cv. Rubi Glou, Sedum gybridum L., Sedum rupestre L., Sedum acre L., Sedum album L., Sedum ewersii Ledeb.) were held in 2019-2021. The phenological phases of the development of collection samples were studied, the prospects of introduction in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals were evaluated. The studied groundcover perennials are assigned to the group of long-term vegetating plants. The beginning of the growing season of the studied samples was observed in the second decade of April, the sum of positive temperatures during the study period ranged from 158.7 to 207.4 ˚C; the temperature index above 5 ˚C over the years of research ranged from 50.6 to 81.9 C. The deployment of young leaves and the beginning of spring regrowth was noted after 7-12 days at the sum of active temperatures from 56.4 to 153.4 ˚C. The duration of the flowering period varies among the studied samples, the longest flowering is characteristic of S. selskianum, S. srurium cv., S. album. The onset of fruit maturity in various species is observed from the second decade of June to the second decade of July, in S. ewersii – in the second decade of September. Groundcover species of the genus Sedum in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals are distinguished by a long (from 49 ± 4 days in S. acre to 64 ± 3 days in S. ewersii) period from the beginning of spring regrowth to the onset of flowering. The period from the onset of flowering to fruit ripening ranges from 29 ± 4 days for S. selskianum to 62 ± 3 days for S. album. According to the results of the study, 3 promising samples were identified for widespread use in landscaping.
Development of elements of technology for growing branched sweet cherry seedlings
Authors: Upadysheva G. Yu.
Published: October 2022

The results of two-year studies on the influence of rootstocks, physiologically active substances and mechanical techniques on biometric indicators of annual seedlings of two varieties of cherries (Tyutchevka and Chermashnaya) are presented. The research was carried out in 2020-2021 in the experimental nursery of the Federal State Budgetary Research Center of Horticulture in the conditions of the Moscow region. The scheme of the experiment included 5 options: I – removal of apical leaves; II – treatment with Apllin (0.6 g/l); III – removal of apical leaves with treatment with Apllin (0.6 g/l); IV – pinching of the tip at a height of 60 cm; st – control, without processing and pinching. The eyepieces were sprayed twice, with an interval of 10 days. It was found that treatment with the preparation Apllin, removal of the apical leaves and their combined use contributed to a significant improvement in the biometric indicators of annual cherry seedlings of weakly branching varieties, increased the number of branches by 2.7-4.6 times and provided in most combinations an increase in the yield of first-class seedlings up to 90-100%. The greatest effect from mechanical and chemical influences was achieved when using the Izmailovsky rootstock. Pinching the top at a height of 60 cm caused a decrease in the linear and radial growth of annuals, an increase in the number of lateral shoots by 1.43 times, but only 50 % of seedlings obtained in this variant corresponded to 1 commercial grade.
Reading Practices of Students of the Metropolitan Metropolis: “Amateurs” and “Pragmatists”
Authors: Kargapolova E. V. , Diakova V. V. , Simonenko M. A. , Davydova Ju. A.
Published: October 2022

Modern social processes (globalization, urbanization, digitalization, succession of generations and others) actualize public and scientific attention to students’ reading culture, reading practices and their various aspects (gender, social, economic, and others). The issue of culture of reading, reading practices, their features and structure is a topical and relatively under-developed topic of interdisciplinary analysis. These phenomena are considered in sociology within the framework of some concepts: as a separate type of practice in the process of personal literacy formation, through the connection of cultural heritage and social class, through the analysis of subjective and existential meanings of the reading experience, and others. It is interesting to study the reading practices of students due to the specificity of the subject-object role of this social group in the process of cultural intergenerational continuity. The article highlights the results of an empirical study conducted among students of Moscow universities. Two types of students’ attitudes to works of fiction are revealed: pragmatic and value-reflective. The characteristics of these two groups are given, compared with other indicators (love of reading, reading as pleasure, volume of reading, genres of fiction, and others). The main conclusions and results presented in the publication will be of interest to teachers, scientists, representatives of state and public organizations and specifically to students.
Vitamina D y obesidad en los niño/as
Authors: Venegas Nataly , Díaz Pedro
Published: October 2022

La vitamina D o 25OH(D) es un micronutriente esencial para la absorción de calcio. Los humanos tenemos en nuestra piel un precursor, el cual por acción de los rayos UV ☀️ se transforma en vitamina D3. Luego, producto de diversas reacciones en el hígado se produce la forma biológicamente activa llamada 25OH(D).
The Heterogeneous Effect of Minimum Wage on Labor Market Flows in Colombia
Authors: Flórez Luz Adriana , Hermida Didier , Morales Leonardo Fabio
Published: October 2022

We provide evidence of the negative effect of the minimum wage on labor market flows, such as job creation, job destruction, hiring, and separations in Colombia. Depicting firms' minimum wage (MW) compliance cost, we find evidence of an adverse effect of increases on MW compliance cost on employment. This negative effect is explained mainly by a reduction in job creation and hiring rate and the rise in job destruction and separations. In contrast to the evidence for developed economies, our results are in line with the predictions of the standard search model. We also explore this differential effect by firm size and age. We found that an increase in the MW compliance cost has relatively critical negative impacts on small and medium-sized firms (with less than 250 employees); and new and young firms (lower than six years old).
Internationalization Experiences of Universities in the United States and in Turkey
Authors: Taşçı Gülşah , Streitwieser Bernhard , Kenan Seyfi
Published: October 2022

This paper provides an intercultural analysis of faculty internationalization experiences in selected universities in the United States (U.S.) and Turkey. We used the phenomenological research method to understand the conceptual framework for internationalization and analyzed the similarities and differences between higher education institutions in the two countries. The findings shall be beneficial for both country’s university stakeholders who are interested in gaining a better understanding of the internationalization in their respective institutions as well as the goals and outcomes of strategies currently being employed. This paper contributes an intercultural perspective to the body of literature on internationalization.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on International Students in a Public University in the United States: Academic and Non-academic Challenges
Authors: Martirosyan Nara M. , Van De Walker Dana , Saxon D. Patrick
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially impacted higher education. The unexpected move to online learning and support services have created many challenges.  International students, who often are unfamiliar with the culture and norms of American higher education, have been particularly disadvantaged. Analyzing data received through an online survey, researchers identified the top five academic and non-academic challenges faced by international students during the pandemic, and their use of support services to overcome challenges. The results inform college administrators, professors, and student services professionals on the experiences of international students during the pandemic, and offer suggestions for reviving and expanding campus academic and social support services.
Novo Paradigma Produtivo: Utilização Racional dos Recursos Naturais para Obtenção de Fitoterápicos
Authors: Frutuoso V. S. , Oliveira M. B. S. C.
Published: October 2022

A utilização das plantas como alimentos, medicamentos e cosméticos está relacionada à própria existência humana. O presente trabalho discute como um país que detém quase um terço da flora mundial, com atividade medicinal presente em inúmeras plantas, pode utilizar esse arsenal terapêutico para produção de medicamentos fitoterápicos, dentro da filosofia do desenvolvimento sustentável. Através de levantamento bibliográfico foram identificados os diversos passos da produção deste tipo de medicamento com o objetivo de analisar o fluxograma, utilizando como ferramenta a Produção mais Limpa. Dessa forma, postula-se que a utilização racional dos recursos naturais passa pela necessidade de se evitar o desperdício, melhorar o aproveitamento, e diminuir a geração de resíduos.
Produtos Naturais Inibidores da Transcriptase Reversa do Vírus HIV
Authors: Souza M. V. N. , Gonçalves R. S. B. , Barreto M. B. , Gomes C. R. B.
Published: October 2022

Atualmente, os fármacos disponíveis no combate ao vírus da AIDS podem ser classificados em seis categorias: (a) inibidores da transcriptase reversa análogos de nucleosídeos (ITRNs), (b) inibidores da transcriptase reversa não nucleosídeos (ITRNNs), (c) inibidores de protease (IPs), (d) inibidores de fusão (IFs), (e) inibidores de entrada (IEs) e (f) inibidores da integrase (IIs). Devido à rápida disseminação do vírus HIV resistente aos diversos fármacos disponíveis no mercado, é necessário e urgente o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos na luta contra a AIDS. Neste contexto, o objetivo desse artigo é destacar promissores produtos naturais capazes de atuar na enzima trascriptase reversa, a qual é essencial para a replicação do vírus HIV.
Plantas Medicinais Brasileiras. IV. Annona muricata L. (Graviola)
Authors: Barata L. E. S. , Alencar A. A. J. , Tascone M. , Tamashiro J.
Published: October 2022

Este estudo se baseia na literatura científica convencional, e nas fontes dos principais congressos e simpósios brasileiros na área de plantas medicinais e aromáticas. Fez-se a revisão da literatura nos aspectos botânicos da composição química, seus principais usos populares e experimentos científicos para a espécie Annona muricata L. (graviola). Os principais aspectos científicos desta espécie foram compilados com o objetivo de evidenciar seu potencial como matéria-prima para as indústrias farmacêuticas e de cosméticos.
La antropología y los intelectuales wixaritari, Discursos culturales, chamanísticos y ecológico en torno a la soberanía territorial de Wirikuta
Authors:   El Colegio de Michoacán, Liffman Paul M.
Published: October 2022

Un desarrollo importante de las últimas décadas ha sido el surgimiento de intelectuales indígenas que sustituyen al otrora monopolio de expertos antropológicos foráneos en cuanto el análisis y la representación de sus culturas ante diversos públicos a nivel nacional y global. Se aplica la tipología de intelectuales indígenas elaborada por Claudio Lomnitz (inspirado a la vez por la distinción entre intelectuales orgánicos y tradicionales planteada por el teórico marxista Antonio Gramsci en los años 30) para distinguir los pensadores wixaritari que operan a nivel local, como son los mara’akate (chamanes), de los que articulan los valores tradicionales para públicos más amplios a través de los medios masivos de comunicación un grupo más variado que, además de mara’akate bilingües, puede incluir maestros, ONGeros y científicos. Estos nuevos actores a veces toman papeles más identificados con los intereses expresos de las comunidades originarias que en años anteriores, puesto que ahora se percibe a los indígenas como una vanguardia ecologista, además de un sector cultural patrimonial. Sin embargo, este mismo esquema también contempla los problemas enfrentados por interlocutores que parecen identificarse más con los públicos que abordan que con sus comunidades de origen.
Jóvenes ante un futuro sin futuro: importancia de la educación en valores como propuesta de desarrollo personal y social del colectivo juvenil
Authors:   Universidad de Granada, García Jiménez Enrique , Lorente García Rocío ,   Universidad de Jaén
Published: October 2022

El presente de muchos jóvenes en España está marcado por el signo del desempleo y la precariedad laboral. Esto acentúa la marginación y el riesgo de exclusión social en el colectivo juvenil, pues al quedarse al margen del mercado laboral quedan igualmente excluidos del sistema social o relegados a una situación de marginalidad. Como consecuencia, el futuro se presenta vacío de expectativas laborales y aspiraciones sociales y personales. Así pues, muchos jóvenes de hoy se enfrentan a la paradoja de un futuro sin futuro. Ante tal situación, defendemos la importancia de la educación en valores para trabajar con estos jóvenes, que puede ser un impulso para mirar al futuro con la esperanza de salir de su situación desde la autoconfianza y la autoestima, levantándolos personalmente y aupándolos socialmente, con la finalidad de que puedan volver a ser incluidos en nuestra sociedad como presente y, sobre todo, como futuro.
Los menores migrantes no acompañados en España. La construcción jurídica del "diferente"
Authors:   Universitat de València, Horcas López Vicent
Published: October 2022

Este trabajo aborda el tema de los jóvenes y adolescentes que migran solos como uno de los mayores desafíos que tiene la Unión Europea (UE). La preocupación por controlar y gobernar a los menores migrantes no acompañados (MMNA) ha supuesto una regulación abusiva que ha ido paralela a una concepción restrictiva en la gestión de flujos migratorios por parte de las autoridades europeas y nacionales, lo que nos da a entender, lo "incómodo" que ha supuesto la presencia de este grupo de menores en las sociedades europeas. Entendemos que el concepto de menor no acompañado es una construcción social y jurídica que uniformiza a todo un colectivo y nos impide ver la individualidad que hay en cada uno de ellos. Estos menores ponen en cuestión una cierta política de protección a la infancia y la política europea de inmigración desde su doble condición, como menores que deben ser protegidos e inmigrantes que han de ser controlados.
Doctores en educación en la transición del posgrado a la vida laboral: un estudio de caso
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, María Guadalupe Moreno Bayardo María Guadalupe , Torres Frías José de la Cruz ,   Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: October 2022

En la línea de los estudios sobre transiciones educativas, el presente trabajo centra su atención en una modalidad específica: la transición del posgrado al mercado laboral y lo que esta implica para jóvenes investigadores en educación en las condiciones de incertidumbre y de competencia que privan en la sociedad actual. La problemática de la complejidad de dicha transición se ilustra con la narración de las experiencias de una joven investigadora en su inserción laboral, destacando en su relato la forma en que fue optando por estrategias de supervivencia que le llevaron a ser la principal constructora de su propio proceso de transición, a la manera del denominado estilo yo-yo al que se refieren Du Bois-Reymond y López (2004) en el que se conjugan el capital cultural, el apoyo familiar, las oportunidades relativas a la educación, el género, el origen social y étnico, entre otros factores, así como procesos de formación en el posgrado que privilegien la tolerancia a la incertidumbre, la independencia y la autonomía intelectual.
Propiedad de la tierra y derecho agrario: de las misiones jesuitas a las haciendas en Sonora, México, de los siglos XVIII-XX
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Paz Frayre, Miguel Angel , Nuño Gutiérrez Uriel ,   Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: October 2022

En el presente texto se hace un análisis del complejo proceso por el cual se dio la privatización de la tenencia de la tierra en lo que hoy es el estado de Sonora, México. Las reformas borbónicas implementadas en la región en el siglo XVIII son uno de los principales antecedentes. El objetivo fue hacer de cada indígena un propietario con la capacidad de pagar impuestos a la Corona; su implementación estuvo vinculada al proyecto de evangelización y colonización del noroeste. Estas reformas son el fundamento para la estructura jurídica que se implementó en el México independiente y posteriormente en el periodo postrevolucionario. La cancelación de la propiedad comunal vía la parcelación de la tierra fue la base desde la cual se instrumentaron diferentes estrategias que estuvieron vinculadas al tránsito de la estructura agraria, promovida por las misiones jesuitas, a la propiedad privada, que defendieron la haciendas y los hacendados del siglo XIX, como actividad y fundamento económico para el proyecto de colonización del Desierto de Altar. El despojo, la expulsión del territorio y la proletarización de la mano de obra de las comunidades originarias son algunos de los resultados que la transformación aludida ha tenido, pese a las reformas agrarias que fueron promesa de la Revolución.
Efectos del desarrollo de megaproyectos pioneros en la región yoreme de Sonora, México
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juárez Velasco Carlos
Published: October 2022

El siguiente texto se refiere a un pequeño ejido al sur del estado de Sonora, México, ubicado en el municipio de Álamos, el cual fue impactado y reubicado por un proyecto de desarrollo hace más de 60 años. El proyecto en un principio pareció ofrecer oportunidades de empleo y desarrollo para los afectados; sin embargo, surgieron diversos problemas significativos como la pérdida del patrimonio histórico y cultural, cambios en su forma de vida, despojo territorial, pagos injustos por su territorio y la existente precariedad en servicios e infraestructura.
Ortaokul Öğretmenlerine Göre 8. Sınıf Öğrencilerin Liseye Geçiş Sınavıyla İlgili Yaşadıkları Sorunlar ve Bu Sorunlara İlişkin Çözüm Önerileri
Authors: BAYAR Adem , GÜRLEK Mustafa
Published: October 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, 8. sınıf öğrencilerin liseye geçiş kapsamındaki merkezi sınavla ilgili yaşadıkları sorunları ve bu sorunlara ilişkin olası çözüm yollarını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma nitel araştırma desenlerinden olgu bilim deseninde hazırlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında Amasya ilindeki devlet okullarında görev yapan, amaçlı örnek yöntemiyle belirlenen 12 ortaokul öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmacılar, veri toplamak amacıyla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formunu kullanmışlardır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılar liselere geçiş kapsamındaki merkezi sınavı; nitelikli okullara öğrenci seçme, aynı özellikleri taşıma, meslek seçiminde büyük önem taşıma, öğrencileri seçmeye dayalı yerleştirme ve öğrencilerin belirli okullara ve programlara yerleşmesini sağlama şeklinde sıralamışlardır. Ayrıca katılımcılar, ortaokul son sınıf öğrencilerin liseye geçiş sınavıyla ilgili yaşadıkları sorunları; öğrencilerin akademik yeterlilikle sınırlanması, başarılı öğrencilerin merkeze alınması, öğrenci üzerinde baskı oluşturması, sınav sisteminin sık sık değişmesi, sınırlı sayıdaki öğrencilerin nitelikli okullara yerleştirilmesi, sınav sürecinin iyi yönetilememesi ve bazı derslerde zor sorular sorulması şeklinde belirtmişlerdir. Katılımcılar, liselere geçiş kapsamındaki merkezi sınavla ilgili yaşanılan sorunların üstesinden gelinmesi için sınavın tüm öğrencileri kapsaması, sürecin daha belirgin hale getirilmesi, öğrencilerin kendilerini rahat hissetmelerinin sağlanması, öğrenciye destek olunması, fırsat eşitsizliğinin giderilmesi, öğrencilerin gelişimlerini sınırlamaması ve iyi planlama yapılması gibi birtakım önerilerde bulunmuşlardır.
Implementasi Teknologi Alat Penetas dan Teropong Otomatis Untuk Meningkatkan Daya Tetas Telur Bebek di UKM Beki Karawang
Authors: Garno Garno , Suparno Suparno , Jamaludin Asep , Voutama Apriade , Indra Jamaludin
Published: October 2022

ABSTRAK Pengabdian terintegrasi dengan penelitian di bidang peternakan bebek dan teknologi penetasan telur. Kegiatan membantu UKM Beki mengatasi kesulitan penetasan telur bebek menjadi itik. Satu tahun terakhir setiap kali menetaskan telur sejumlah 300 butir telur rata-rata menetas hanya 175 ekor itik atau berhasil hanya 58%. Team pengabdi mengimplementasikan metode dalam mengatasi kesulitan UKM. Pemilihan induk bebek yang berkualitas. Pemberian pakan pada bebek vitamin dan mineral yang cukup. Pengawinan induk yang baik dengan perbandingan maksimal 1 ekor bebek jantan digabung 6-9 ekor bebek betina. Ke dua pemilihan telur yang berkualitas, meneropong telur sebelum ditetaskan. Jika terlihat embrio atau fertile berarti telur ditetaskan, jika tidak berarti infertile, telur tidak ditetaskan. Pengaturan suhu dalam proses pengeraman, alat penetas telur otomatis diset point awal di 360-370C dan pertengahan 370-380C dan mengatur kelembaban ruang bok penetasan. Hasil pengabdian dengan menerapkan metode dapat menetaskan telur bebek mencapai 86,33%. Prosentase penetasan telur itik mengalami kenaikan sebesar 28,33% dari kondisi sebelumnya. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat dalam bentuk pelatihan metode pada UKM Beki penetasan telur bebek dapat meningkatkan jumlah produksi tetas telur menjadi itik. Kata kunci: Teknologi Penetas, Teropong Telur, Fertilitas Telur, Itik, Bebek  ABSTRACT Integrated service with research in the field of duck farming and egg hatching technology. Activities to help UKM Beki overcome the difficulties of hatching duck eggs into ducks. In the last one year, every 300 eggs hatched, on average, only 175 ducks hatched or only 58% succeeded. The service team implements methods in overcoming the difficulties of SMEs. Selection of quality duck mother. Feeding ducks adequate vitamins and minerals. A good parent mating with a maximum ratio of 1 male duck combined with 6-9 female ducks. Second, selecting quality eggs, observing the eggs before they are hatched. If you see an embryo or fertile, it means the egg was hatched, if it doesn't mean it is infertile, the egg is not hatched. Setting the temperature in the incubation process, the egg incubator automatically sets the initial point at 360-370C and mid-370-380C and adjusts the humidity of the hatching bok. The results of service by applying the method to incubate duck eggs reached 86.33%. The percentage of duck eggs hatching increased by 28.33% from the previous condition. Community service in the form of training methods Beki SMEs can increase the amount of egg hatching production to ducks. Keywords: Incubator Technology, Egg Binoculars, Egg Fertility, Ducks, Ducks
Pelayanan Kebidanan melalui Pemberdayaan Ibu Nifas di Desa Oelnasi
Authors: Kiah Firda Kalzum , Bakoil Mareta Bakale , Thenu Agnes , Nappe Ayu , Ratundima Charen , Rame Murni
Published: October 2022

ABSTRAKKabupaten Kupang memiliki jumlah penduduk 305.548 jiwa, dengan pasangan usia subur 46.404 pasangan. Cakupan kunjungan nifas di Kabupaten Kupang masih rendah yaitu KF 1 sebesar 32,87 %, KF 2 32,30 %, dan KF 3 30,07 %. Tujuan yakni melakukan penyuluhan dan pelayanan kesehatan pada ibu nifas dan menyusui di Desa Oelnasi Kecamatan Kupang Tengah. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah pelayanan kesehatan dan penyuluhan tentang pentingnya ASI Ekslusif pada bayi, perawatan payudara, kebersihan diri, pola nutrisi, pola istirahat, cara menyusui yang baik dan benar, dan perawatan bayi, serta pentingnya membawa bayi ke posyandu untuk di pantau tumbuh kembangnya berdasarkan KMS yang ada pada buku KIA. Kegiatan diikuti oleh 20 orang ibu. Hasil survey pengetahuan ibu-ibu setelah mendapatkan penyuluhan rata-rata 78,2% termasuk kategori baik. Peserta kegiatan berperan aktif dan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan serta pemahaman ibu-ibu nifas tentang kesehatan ibu dan anak. Kata Kunci: Kesehatan, Pemberdayaan, Ibu Nifas  ABSTRACT Kupang Regency has a population of 305,548 people, with 46,404 couples of childbearing age. The coverage of postpartum visits in Kupang Regency is still low, namely KF 1 of 32.87%, KF 2 of 32.30%, and KF of 30.07%. The aim is to provide counseling and health services to postpartum and breastfeeding mothers in Oelnasi Village, Central Kupang District. The activities carried out are health services and counseling about the importance of exclusive breastfeeding for infants, breast care, personal hygiene, nutritional patterns, rest patterns, proper and correct breastfeeding methods, and baby care, as well as the importance of bringing babies to posyandu to monitor their growth and development based on KMS in the KIA book. The activity was attended by 20 mothers. The results of the survey of mothers' knowledge after receiving counseling were on average 78,2%, including the good category. Participants in the activity played an active role and there was an increase in knowledge and understanding of postpartum mothers about maternal and child health. Keywords: Health, Empowerment, Postpartum Mother
Sosialisasi dan Advokasi Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Anak melalui Sekolah Ramah Anak di SDN Setiajaya 02 Cabang Bungin Bekasi
Authors: Widiansyah Apriyanti , Saputra Rahmat , Fitriansyah Fifit
Published: October 2022

ABSTRAK Dalam upaya menciptakan lingkungan sekolah ramah anak sebagai tempat belajar siswa di mana sekolah dapat memberikan rasa aman dan nyaman, menyenangkan dan sehat, tentu akan membuat anak kerasan di sekolah belajar dengan tenang. Mengingat beberapa waktu belakangan ini, banyak kasus kekerasan baik verbal maupun fisik terjadi pada anak di lingkungan sekolah, hal ini tentu saja menjadi kekhawatiran serius yang perlu segera diselesaikan dengan baik. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah guna memberikan edukasi kepada guru dan masyarakat terkait bagaimana pelaksanaan sekolah ramah anak melalui kegiatan sosialisasi dan advokasi pemenuhan hak-hak anak melalui sekolah ramah anak. Metode dilakukan dengan memberikan penyuluhan dan   simulasi kepada guru dan orang tua di SDN SETIAJAYA 02 Cabang Bungin Bekasi. Hasil dari kegiatan  pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah dapat memberikan gambaran konseptual terkait Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Anak Melalui Sekolah Ramah Anak di SDN SETIAJAYA 02 Cabang Bungin Bekasi; memberikan gambaran teknis memahami permasalahan Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Anak Melalui Sekolah Ramah Anak di SDN SETIAJAYA 02 Cabang Bungin Bekasi; serta sebagai upaya solusi permasalahan para guru dalam mengatasi Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Anak Melalui Sekolah Ramah Anak di SDN SETIAJAYA 02 Cabang Bungin Bekasi. Kata Kunci: Sosialisasi, Advokasi, Sekolah Ramah Anak.  ABSTRACT In an effort to create a child-friendly school environment as a place for student learning where schools can provide a sense of security and comfort, fun and health, it will certainly make children feel at home in school to study quietly. Given that recently, many cases of verbal and physical violence have occurred in the school environment, this is of course a serious matter that needs to be resolved immediately. The purpose of this activity is to provide education to teachers and the community regarding how to implement child-friendly schools through socialization and fulfillment of children's rights through child-friendly schools. The method is carried out by providing counseling and simulations to teachers and parents at SDN SETIAJAYA 02 Cabang Bungin Bekasi. The results of this community service activity are able to provide a conceptual picture related to the Fulfillment of Children's Rights through Child Friendly Schools at SDN SETIAJAYA 02 Cabang Bungin Bekasi; Technical description of understanding the problem of Fulfilling Children's Rights Through Child Friendly Schools at SDN SETIAJAYA 02 Cabang Bungin Bekasi, as well as an effort to solve the problems of teachers in overcoming the Fulfillment of Children's Rights through Child Friendly Schools at SDN SETIAJAYA 02 Cabang Bungin Bekasi. Keywords: Socialization, Advocacy, Child Friendly Schools.
Promosi Kesehatan: Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat
Authors: Wulandari Winda Trisna , Gustaman Firman , Nurdianti Lusi , Wasana Arya Purba , Yuniarti Eka , Kurniadi Fabillah , Widyastuti Laras Rizkia , Izzah Zakia Nurul , Pratama Febby
Published: October 2022

ABSTRAK Pola Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) adalah sekumpulan perilaku yang dipraktikan atas dasar kesadaran sebagai hasil pembelajaran yang menjadikan seseorang atau keluarga yang dapat menolong diri sendiri di bidang kesehatan dan berperan aktif dalam mewujudkan kesehatan masyarakat. penyuluhan yang dilakukan adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kepedulian siswa/i SD untuk tetap menjaga kebersihan diri dan lingkungan sekitar sehingga terhindar dari berbagai penyakit. Pelaksanaann kegiatan penyuluhan yang dilakukan berupa pemaparan materi dan tes pemahaman tentang perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat mengenai cara mencuci tangan yang benar dan membuang sampah yang benar di lingkungan sekolah. Peserta kegiatan ini adalah siswa/i SDN Cidugaleun.  Hasil tes sebelum pemaparan materi memiliki nilai rata-rata 2,03, sedangkan setelah pemaparan materi menjadi 3,61. Kemudian dianalisis menggunakan software SPSS dengan uji Wilcoxon dan diperoleh nilai p-value (0,000) <∝ (0,05).Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pengetahuan siswa/i antara sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan penyuluhan. Kata Kunci: PHBS, Kesehatan, Kebersihan, Penyuluhan  ABSTRACT Clean and Healthy Lifestyle Behavior (PHBS) is a set of behaviors that are practiced on the basis of awareness as a result of learning that makes a person or family able to help themselves in the health sector and play an active role in realizing public health. The counseling carried out is to increase the knowledge and awareness of elementary school students to maintain personal hygiene and the surrounding environment so as to avoid various diseases. Implementing the extension activities carried out in the form of material exposure and understanding tests on clean and healthy living behavior regarding how to wash hands properly and dispose of garbage properly in the school environment. The participants of this activity are students of SDN Cidugaleun. The test results before the material presentation had an average value of 2.03, while after the material exposure it became 3.61. Then analyzed using SPSS software with Wilcoxon test and obtained p-value (0.000) < (0.05). this indicates a significant difference between before and after extension activities. Keywords: PHBS, Health, Hygiene, Counseling