bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cannabis Consumption and Stigma Labels Among Consumers in a Rural Community in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Ekpechu Joseph Ogbonnaya Alo , Nwosu Innocent Ahamefule , Usoro Nsidibe A. , Ololo Kennedy Okechukwu , Okoronkwo Ethelbert , Popoola Bukola
Published: January 2020

This study examined the influence of labels used to stigmatise cannabis consumers on the control of cannabis consumption in a Community in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Three research objectives were raised to guide the study. The questionnaire was used to get information on the socio-demographic variables of the respondents. Focus group discussion (FGD) sessions was thereafter conducted in five different places (N = 55, n = 11). Responses from study participants to FGD questions were transcribed verbatim. Three themes emerged in the process. These themes include stigma labels and its deterrent effectiveness on cannabis consumption, stigma labels and differentiation of cannabis consumers from non-consumers and stigma labels and deterrence of public consumption of cannabis. It was found among other things that labels were often used by non-cannabis consumers to stigmatise the cannabis consumers with derogatory name calling as its major preoccupation. This was not an effective tool in deterring cannabis consumers from cannabis use. It was recommended that other researches should focus only on cannabis users to see how they respond to it. It was concluded that counselling should be extended to cannabis users who live in the rural areas of Nigeria.
A Literature Review on People-Centered Care and Nursing Practice in Primary Health Care Setting
Authors: Lateef Adepeju. M. , Mhlongo Euphemia. M.
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND: With increased research, the concept of people-centered care is advancing, and it remains an important concept in the health sector. Despite reported evidence of significant benefits, this concept is poorly utilized by professional nurses. The principle has not been demonstrated and absorbed at primary health care levels.

AIM: The aim of this study is to present review of literature on people-centered care (PCC) in nursing and its practice in primary health care setting.

METHODS: Searching for this study is conducted through electronic databases in which the following databases were searched: PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, EMBASE, and CINAHL, MEDLINE, Health sources: Nursing/Academic edition, PsycINFO, Education source, Academic search complete, and psychARTICLE from EBSCOhost platform. The Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual 2015 methodology framework was used as a guide to conduct the search strategy. Furthermore, in this review study, both peer reviewed articles and grey studies on people centered care were reviewed.

RESULT: The findings of this research review outlined the evidence, practicability and acceptability of nursing care with people-centered care concept in the primary health care centers. Considering that nurses play a vital role in the health sector, it is possible to use people-centered care in Primary Health Care settings. However, there are many difficulties and obstacles identified such as: absence of nursing fraternity training and growth, absence of clear educational advancement resulting from change in accreditation, small number of nurses at the organizational level of health care organizations, and reduced global health care organization assistance.

DISCUSSION: The results from this review highlighted evidence of the relationship between quality healthcare deliveries of nurses with people-centered care concept in primary healthcare centers. Nurses' role in delivering PCC and gauging their knowledge and understanding is becoming imperative and crucial. In primary health care environments, nurses play a significant role in understanding a patient's culture of quality and efficient health care.
Cost Analysis of a Home-Based Virtual Reality Rehabilitation to Improve Upper Limb Function in Stroke Survivors
Authors: Veras Mirella , Stewart Jennifer , Deonandan Raywat , Tatmatsu-Rocha José Carlos , Higgins Johanne , Poissant Lise , Kairy Dahlia
Published: January 2020

Loss of arm function occurs in up to 85% of stroke survivors. Home-based telerehabilitation is a viable approach for upper limb training post-stroke when rehabilitation services are not available. Method: A costing analysis of a telerehabilitation program was conducted under several scenarios, alongside a single-blind two-arm randomized controlled trial with participants randomly allocated to control (N=25) or intervention group (N=26). Detailed analysis of the cost for two different scenarios for providing telerehabilitation were conducted. The fixed costs of the telerehabilitation are an important determinant of the total costs of the program. The detailed breakdown of the costs allows for costs of future proposed telerehabilitation programs to be easily estimated. The costs analysis found that a program supplying all required technology costs between CAD$475 per patient and CAD$482 per patient, while a program supplying only a camera would have total costs between CAD$242 per patient and $245 per patient. The findings of this study support the potential implementation of telerehabilitation for stroke survivors for improving accessibility to rehabilitation services. This cost-analysis study will facilitate the implementation and future research on cost-effectiveness of such interventions.
Factors Affecting Instructional Leadership in Secondary Schools to Meet Vietnam’s General Education Innovation
Authors: Huong Vu Thi Mai
Published: January 2020

Currently, there is a huge demand for secondary school education worldwide especially in the developing countries such as Vietnam. School leadership is occupying a central position in educational reform. In order to meet this for the secondary school education, the Vietnamese government tries to develop effective school leadership in its education policy agenda. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of factors on instructional leadership of principals in lower secondary education. The study was completed with 97 secondary public schools teachers and principals in the North of Vietnam. A quantitative research design was used to conduct this study. The data was analyzed through factors such as internal and external from the role of principal in instructional leadership. Research findings underline that instructional leadership is had directly by external such as “The degree of autonomy of the school for instructional activities”, “Awareness of the managers and teachers about leading teaching activities” and “education innovation” more internal such as “System of guiding documents of management levels on teaching activities”; “Conditions of facilities and finance for school teaching activities” and “Principal’s training level” Principals should recognize the change of the context and enhance the improvement of teachers’ shared responsibility and partnership in school decision making. Therefore, the Vietnamese government should make sure to have many positive issues that may have effective instructional leadership capacity in order to improve the culture of teaching and learning in Vietnames secondary schools.
Het Tijdschrift voor Criminologie in de eerste twee decennia van de 21e eeuw: een kwantitatieve (netwerk)analyse
Authors: Blokland Arjan
Published: January 2020

The Dutch Journal of Criminology in the first two decades of the 21st century: a quantitative (network)analysisxxx

Building on prior quantitative analyses by Rovers (1999) and Rovers and Boers (2009), the present article provides a quantitative overview of 60 years Dutch Journal of Criminology, with an emphasis on the period 1999-2018. Dutch criminology is beginning to lose sight of its first generation of researchers. Males still dominate the top 25 most published authors. A social network analysis of the co-author network on the one hand reveals a significant proportion of singletons. Many of the remaining authors on the other hand, are included in one giant component that links authors directly or indirectly by co-authorship.
Criminologie in de jaren twintig van de 21e eeuw
Authors: van Gelder Jean-Louis
Published: January 2020

Criminologie in the ‘20s of the 21st century: Technology and moving from studying criminality to researching criminal behaviour

In this contribution, I describe several key developments that have been fundamental to the development of criminology in the past 50 years. Next, I sketch the contours of several more recent developments, paying particular attention to three technologies, virtual reality, smartphones and wearables that will leave their imprint on the field. These developments will also imply a shift from the study of criminality to researching criminal behaviour.
Criminologie in 2040
Authors: Vander Beken Tom
Published: January 2020

Criminology in 2020

Scenario techniques allow for dynamic explorations of possible futures. With the uncertainties about interdisciplinarity and the public role of criminology four scenarios for criminology in 2040 are presented. Crime Science and Criminal Policy describe situations which combine a strong public role for criminology to a low and high level of interdisciplinarity. Da Vinci and Theoretical Criminology portray futures with a limited public role for criminology and a high and low level of interdisciplinarity.
THE HIGH-SPEED MILITARY TRACKED VEHICLE MAINTENACE SYSTEM - MODIFICATION IS NEEDED
Authors: DRYHUSZ Adam , KOWALSKI Kazimierz
Published: January 2020

The maintenance system of high-speed military tracked vehicles and the graphic original interpretation of maintenance activity (mainly maintenance) are described. A modification of the maintenance system of the above-mentioned vehicles based on dependability-oriented maintenance (Reliability Cantered Maintenance – RCM) is proposed. Additionally, the use of the statistical analysis of maintenance cases and the development of Computerised Maintenance Management System – CMMC are proposed as well.
CONSTRUCTION PHASES OF SELECTED COMPONENTS OF M-ATV CLASS VEHICLE PROTOTYPE
Authors: JAMROZIAK Krzysztof , KOSOBUDZKI Mariusz , PTAK Jerzy
Published: January 2020

The article describes the development of design and construction guidelines (assumptions) for selected components of M-ATV G-10 vehicle. Based on these examples, a methodology of 3D model selection was presented and a technology demonstrator was built. An analysis and selection of material for building a technology demonstrator’s body was conducted. The final conclusions were formulated based on selected ballistic tests.
SUITABLE APPROACH FOR NON-TRADITIONAL DETERMINATION OF SYSTEM HEALTH AND PROGNOSTICS
Authors: KOUCKY Miroslav , VALIŠ David
Published: January 2020

Nowadays the system requirements are set up and evaluated in various manners. We have plenty of excellent options available taking into account item technical state or/and other states and talking about diagnostic options. Tribodiagnostics is one of the independent and good parts to assess the system condition. The paper deals with the mathematical processing, monitoring and analysis of the oil field data got as a result from the laser spectrography in frame of the tribodiagnostic oil tests. This diagnostic approach has been currently used for oil diagnostic results comparison – usually for comparison of expected system state determined by laser spectrography only. There is not known deeper relation of oil diagnostics data and system related consequences (like determining the terminal state and service optimization – maintenance for instance).
FIELD DATA ANALYSIS IN RELIABILITY TESTING OF TECHNICAL OBJECTS
Authors: MŁYŃCZAK Marek
Published: January 2020

In a reliability assessment of technical objects operated in real conditions the key element is data concerning some variables. The nature of a field test introduces disturbances in data collecting, storing and processing while decreasing their credibility. It influences a further data analysis and processing. The paper describes models of censored data and methods of their processing.
ARTILLERY BULLET SPEED MEASURE DEVICES
Authors: PIONTEK Jacek , KRZYŻANOWSKI Sławomir
Published: January 2020

The article includes a history of construction and the rules of functioning artillery ballistic stations, muzzle velocity measurement devices. The authors have characterized their have development trends in the context of measurement of chosen physical phenomenon connected with shooting. Furthermore some ballistic stations presently applied in armed forces were characterized from the point of view of its accuracy and reliability.
THE INNOVATION AS AN ELEMENT OF THE GROWTH OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE. THE CASE STUDY
Authors: GRABIŃSKA Teresa
Published: January 2020

The theoretical novelty (innovation) is usually a prelude to a technological innovation. The theoretical novelty starts with the assuming of research hypothesis. An episode of recent space history serves to reconstruct: a) the diagnosing of anomaly and the arising of hypothesis, b) research functions of hypothesis.
MAINTENANCE AND SAFETY CONTROL OF MILITARY MOTOR VEHICLES
Authors: NIZIŃSKI Stanisław , KUPICZ Włodzimierz
Published: January 2020

The paper presents the essence of the maintenance and safety of military vehicles with the use ofrules, methods and devices of technical diagnostics. Within the system of motor vehicles maintenance,the subsystems of maintenance performance and maintenance control are distinguished.The notion of the logistic supersystem of motor vehicles is introduced.The article presents an algorithm for diagnosing and evaluating the safety of motor vehiclesin combat. It has been suggested that one should always diagnose the following system:the vehicle – the crew – the environment. It has also been emphasised that there is a need todevelop technologies to diagnose and maintain motor vehicles.
POLICE AND CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION
Authors: TYBURSKA Agata
Published: January 2020

Police is an organization mainly identified as the authority responsible for public order and safety. Providing the country with the appropriate level of security requires a new look at the role of the authorities, including the police, involved in security matters. New, so far non-existing threats result from human dependence upon scientific and technological achievements. Efficient sectors such as energy, fuel, transportation, telecommunications, finance, health care, or any other sector ensuring continuity of public administration bodies, make our lives easier but at the same time pose a great threat to public order and safety. Additional threats result from interdependencies among elements of particular sectors, which we remain unaware of. The provision of relevant protective measures and identification of tasks assigned to the authorities involved in security pose a challenge not only to services and guards, but also to enterprises and public administration bodies involved in the development of regulations related to critical infrastructure protection as well as those which introduce regulations, guidelines or procedures.
WAR FOR BLUE GOLD
Authors: DREMBKOWSKI Paweł
Published: January 2020

While the nineteenth century was the century of ‘gold nuggets’, the twentieth century of ‘black gold’, the twenty-first century will be the century of wars for ‘bread’ and ‘blue gold’ and related crises. Approximately eighteen thousand children die every day from hunger or malnutrition as 850 million people go to bed with an empty stomach. Mozambique, Eritrea, Afghanistan are just a few countries whose instability result from hunger and water shortages. C. Clausewitz argued that each era has its own war. So do our times. They will have their war too. Deficiencies related to the insufficiency of life is a key category of internal security of each country and region. Therefore, to determine their contemporary character is the starting point for local but also global safety. Today, more and more domestic security is related to the global security situation and vice versa. Risks associated with lack of basic life-giving ‘materials’, which is food and water, could become a potential situation that might affect values and national interests, posing a threat to the life, health and living conditions of hundreds of thousands or millions of peo-ple.
PACIFISM VARIOUSLY UNDERSTOOD
Authors: KOŁODZIECZYK Kazimierz , SZYMANOWICZ Adam
Published: January 2020

The analysis of the safety issue, as a social phenomenon of a varying size and range, is sensible only if its threats are taken into account. Personal security underlies all forms of safety and its dangers. Avoiding this context means that the considerations devoted to this become pointless and do not give an indication of actual security hazards. One of the manifestations of this approach is pacifism. Exposing peace as the global value and its involvement in this case, it does not take into consideration the realities of the modern world. As a result, slogans and actions recommended by pacifists, pointing to real problems and ways to remedy them, rather than serve the safety, explicitly and implicitly lead to destabilization.
POSSIBILITY OF USING UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES IN MILITARY MISSIONS ABROAD
Authors: DORCZUK Maciej , SOSNOWICZ Robert , WACHOWIAK Przemysław
Published: January 2020

The article presents the results of studies on the needs of the application of an unmanned vehicle in the Polish Armed Forces. It also discusses some sample uses of the said vehicle. In addition, the authors define the scope of military missions carried out when using it.
COMPOSITE RISK MANAGEMENT – METHOD OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN US MILITARY ORGANISATION
Authors: BECMER Dariusz , SKORUPKA Dariusz
Published: January 2020

In their article the authors depict the method of risk management used by US Army commanders in the military decision-making process, the preparation and the execution of an operation. The method is applied to combat operations, stabilisation operations, training, garrison activities and off-duty activities. The purpose of Composite Risk Management is to mitigate or eliminate risks associated with all the hazards related to the abovementioned operations and activities.
MANAGING MIGRATION OF POPULATION BY IMPACTING SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS
Authors: PRYJMAK Wasyl , GOŁUBNYK Olga
Published: January 2020

The factors which influence migration processes are analysed in the article. The method of the limited surplus is applied to find logical regularities between the migratory increase of population in the regions of Poland and socio-economic factors. With the help of the WizWhy program, production models of the dependences sought are built.
INFLOW OF COMPANIES WITH FOREIGN CAPITAL AND KEY MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS IN WESTERN BORDER REGIONS OF POLAND 1999-2009
Authors: POPŁAWSKI Maciej
Published: January 2020

The article presents the results of the studies on foreign direct investment influencing the economy of the western borderlands of Poland from 1999 to 2009. The research used the comparative analysis of the dynamics of the inflow of foreign direct investment to companies and the most important macroeconomic indicators such as gross domestic product as well as employment and unemployment levels. The studies were based on secondary sources (data from the Central Statistical Office) as well as the literature on the subject.
IMAGE MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors: FLIEGER Marcin , FLIEGER Michał
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the question of creating and sustaining a strong, positive image of public administration institutions. The idea is to emphasise the importance of putting ef-forts to manage the image actively and to present the undisputed benefits that this process brings. Hence, the paper explains thoroughly the characteristic of an image itself and how it developed to the so-called ‘rational approach’. Then the authors analyse very specific ideas and assumptions which lay at the basis of undertaking measures in the field of public relations, which differ substantially from the motivation in private companies. Moreover, the article scrutinizes crucial groups of the public which might be attracted to the region by its positive perception and profoundly analyses the instruments of image management, at the same focusing on the fields in which public administration institutions ought to take up measures in order to build a positive image.
ROLE AND SECURITY OF INFORMATION IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION SCHOOLS
Authors: JÓŹWIAK Ireneusz , SZLESZYŃSKI Artur
Published: January 2020

The paper presents the role of information in the activity of public or private higher education schools. The paper defines two evaluation criteria for information value. The first of them is uncertainty, which is called information entropy. Then the influence of information entropy on the decision-making process is shown. The types of threats to information security are defined. The other criterion enables the evaluation of the value of message. This is strictly a statistical function of the expected benefits which can occur when a message will be used in the decision-making process. The paper presents a classification of the sources of threats which are divided into two groups: internal or external. The article explains a necessity to establish an information security system in an educational organisation such as a college or a university. Its important part is a security forum, which gathers personnel from each department of a college or a university. The security forum specifies risks for the university information assets which will next be protected by safeguards.
STUDENTS ACQUISITION PROCESS AT MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
Authors: GUTT Paweł , WLAŹLIŃSKA Katarzyna
Published: January 2020

The process of recruitment and the selection of candidates for the studies conducted at the Military Academy of Land Forces is a typical process performed by a higher education school. The method of description characteristic of logistic processes is an attempt to justify the thesis about the interdisciplinary nature of management science and can be a significant contribution to the search for an effective personnel management tool in organisations.
The role of vitamin D3 in signaling pathways – potential anticancer properties of calcitriol and its analogues
Authors: Wiecheć Olga
Published: January 2020

Vitamin D, for many years after the discovery, primarily was associated with bone metabolic processes. Currently, many studies indicate its beneficial effect in the prevention and treatment of many diseases, including cancer. However, deficiency of vitamin D is associated with greater tendency to get sick and worse prognosis in treatment, especially cancer. Calcitriol, an active form of vitamin D (1.25(OH)2D3) and its analogues have a pleiotropic activity, including anti-cancer properties. Many studies indicate, that the active forms of vitamin D3 may show anti-proliferative effects in cancer cells by inhibiting the cell cycle, inducing differentiation or
leading to apoptosis and enhancing autophagy. Also, extremely important are the possibilities
of reducing the invasiveness of tumours through the influence on angiogenesis or adhesion and
others. Especially, the anti-cancer role of vitamin D3 is suggested in the case of tumors whose cells
express VDR receptors. Interestingly, many cancer cells not only express the VDR receptors, but
also due to the expression of CYP27B1 and CYP24A hydroxylases, they can regulate metabolism
of calcitriol. Many of the studies using vitamin D3 show that calcitriol and its analogues, due
to the influence on cancer cells, can play promising roles in anticancer therapies. Consider the
broad pleiotropism of the action of active metabolites of vitamin D3 and the development of
research in this field, the current work presents the effect of active forms of vitamin D on some
signalling pathways and the regulation of selected proteins in various cancers.
Salmonella biofilm development: Structure and significance
Authors: Ćwiek Katarzyna , Bugla-Płoskońska Gabriela , Wieliczko Alina
Published: January 2020

Salmonella spp. is capable of adhering and forming a biofilm on materials of different kinds during their life cycle, contaminating the food chain, thus representing a potential danger for consumers. This review discusses the ability of Salmonella to form biofilm as the main obstacle to reducing the prevalence of these pathogens in food production. The components of Salmonella biofilm, such as cellulose, curli fimbriae, outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and their molecular bases are described, as well as various Salmonella morphotypes (rdar, bdar, pdar and saw). OMPs play very important roles in the cells of Salmonella strains, because they are at the interface between the pathogenic cells and the host tissue and they can contribute to adherence, colonization, virulence and biofilm formation. Furthermore, the importance of quorum sensing is discussed as a crucial factor regulating the properties of biofilm formation and pathogenicity. To further illustrate that biofilm formation is a mechanism used by Salmonella to adapt to various environments, the resistance of Salmonella biofilms against different stress factors including antimicrobials (disinfectants, antibiotics and plant extracts) is described.
Between Discipline and Doctrine
Authors: Hunter David G. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2020

This article explores a possible tension in Augustine’s thought between his response to the misconduct of clergy, which stressed swift discipline, and his anti-Donatist theology of sacraments, which emphasized the efficacy of sacraments apart from the moral worthiness of the clergy. I identify five principles that Augustine followed in his handling of clerical misconduct: 1) Decisive action that usually resulted in removal of the offenders from ministry; 2) concern for the rights of the victim over clerical privilege; 3) a just hearing for the accused clergyman; 4) concern for transparency in all proceedings; 5) personal accountability of the bishop for the behavior of his clergy. I conclude by noting several aspects of Augustine’s anti-Donatist ecclesiology and sacramental theology that help to resolve the apparent tension.
Otimização de método analítico para estudo da degradação do difenoconazol em substrato com adição de lodo ativado do esgoto doméstico tratado
Authors: Larrosa Alex Mercio Mendez , BÃ¤rwald Giani Mariza Britzius , Sanches Filho Pedro José , Dutra Iago Riveiro Santos
Published: January 2020

A degradação de pesticidas em solos pode ser avaliada como uma possível solução para minimizar os efeitos da ação tóxica destes compostos recalcitrantes em alimentos cultivados e no meio em que ocorre este cultivo. Uma alternativa comum e sustentável é o uso de lodo ativado de esgoto doméstico tratado (LET) como coadjuvante em solos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência do LET no perfil de degradação de um pesticida no solo. Partindo da hipótese de que o uso de LET em solos pode influenciar na degradação de pesticidas, foi implementada uma abordagem lab-to-field para determinação do decaimento do analito tóxico utilizando o difenoconazol (DFC), um fungicida da classe dos triazóis. Foram testadas duas técnicas para extração e clean-up das amostras e, para cada técnica foram testados dois solventes. Também otimizadas as condições cromatográficas por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas (CGEM) para identificação dos principais íons e quantificação do DFC. O experimento foi feito em quatro vasos contendo: somente solo; solo e LET na proporção 70/30%, respectivamente; solo fortificado com DFC; e solo e LET na proporção 70/30%, respectivamente, fortificado com DFC. Para o estudo da degradação foram retiradas alíquotas dos vasos durante 21 dias após dosagem de DFC na concentração de 20 mg.Kg-1, respeitando frequência de coleta estabelecida. O método considerado mais eficiente para determinação de DFC utilizou extração com diclorometano sob ultrassom e clean up com a técnica de extração dispersiva em fase sólida, utilizando alumina como adsorvente. A partir dos resultados analíticos e da construção das curvas de degradação dos dois vasos que continham o analito, verificou-se que no primeiro dia após a dosagem houve uma queda brusca na concentração de DFC em ambos vasos, com mais intensidade no substrato só com solo. Nos dias seguintes o substrato com solo e LET apresentou maior decaimento do DFC em relação ao substrato com solo, confirmando variação significativa entre os substratos.
Avaliação da aplicabilidade de sistema fotovoltaico conectado à rede em uma granja no Mato Grosso
Authors: Paiva Mayara Luiza , Azevedo Julio César Rodrigues de , Urbanetz Júnior Jair
Published: January 2020

O desenvolvimento econômico e a promoção da qualidade de vida da população vêm despertando o aumento da preocupação quanto ao suprimento da demanda energética mundial. O esgotamento de fontes não renováveis de energia como o carvão mineral, petróleo e gás natural, além do cenário atual frente às mudanças climáticas, com uma grande parcela de emissões de gases de efeito estufa pelo setor energético, tende a incentivar novos investimentos em fontes renováveis de energia, dentre elas, a energia solar. Este estudo visa dimensionar e avaliar a capacidade de geração de energia elétrica a partir de um Sistema Fotovoltaico Conectado à Rede - SFVCR, para desenvolvimento das atividades de uma granja produtora de aves no estado do Mato Grosso, frente aos impactos ambientais intrínsecos ao sistema. De acordo com informações acerca do consumo de energia do empreendimento, bem como segundo dados de irradiação solar incidente no plano, disponibilizados pelo banco de dados do Atlas Brasileiro de Energia Solar, foi possível projetar um sistema fotovoltaico para realizar o abastecimento de energia elétrica do empreendimento. Baseado na potência do sistema dimensionado e capacidade de geração de energia elétrica, foi calculada a estimativa de emissões de gases de efeito estufa evitadas durante a operação do sistema, segundo dados publicados pelo Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovação e Comunicações (MCTIC). Os resultados indicam a viabilidade para implantação do SFVCR no local, tendo em vista a disponibilidade de área para implantação, incidência de irradiação solar constante, permitindo a geração de energia elétrica ao longo do ano e compensação junto à concessionária local, de acordo com a Resolução Normativa nº 482/2012 da ANEEL. Ainda, foi demonstrado que, caso o sistema seja efetivamente implantado, a emissão de gases de efeito estufa a partir do consumo de energia pela granja, seria minimizada em pelo menos 17 tCO2 equivalente.
Le processus de construction du jugement évaluatif par les superviseurs de stage en enseignement
Authors: Maes Olivier , Colognesi Stéphane , Van Nieuwenhoven Catherine
Published: January 2020

Dans le contexte de la formation initiale des enseignants en Belgique francophone, cet article s’intéresse aux stages, plus précisément à la construction du jugement évaluatif des superviseurs durant la coévaluation. Il a pour objectif d’analyser les jugements évaluatifs produits par les superviseurs afin d’identifier si ceux-ci respectent les caractéristiques du jugement professionnel en évaluation, plus particulièrement la singularité de la situation. Cette contribution vise alors à répondre aux deux questions suivantes : Le jugement évaluatif du superviseur respecte-t-il les caractéristiques du jugement professionnel en évaluation ? Dans quelle mesure la singularité de la situation influence-t-elle ce jugement évaluatif ? Pour ce faire, nous avons réalisé des entretiens individuels de huit superviseurs issus d’un même institut de formation. L’analyse du contenu appliquée aux données récoltées a permis de mettre en évidence les caractéristiques du jugement professionnel mis en oeuvre, mais aussi la manière dont les aspects singuliers relatifs au contexte de stage sont pris en compte dans la construction du jugement évaluatif.
Corrupção para além da punição: aportes da economia comportamental
Authors: Coutinho Canetti Rafaela , Santos de Mendonça José Vicente
Published: January 2020

O presente estudo pretende indicar, de modo exploratório, possíveis aportes da análise econômica do direito, da economia comportamental, e dos respectivos experimentos laboratoriais, para o combate à corrupção, buscando indicar as potencialidades de medidas que vão para além do mero discurso punitivista. O caráter multifacetado e complexo da corrupção demanda uma abordagem igualmente multidimensional e interdisciplinar.
Sónar Multimedia 08
Authors: Córcoles César
Published: January 2020

Crónica de un día en el Sónar Multimedia 2008.
Variable prediction accuracy of polygenic scores within an ancestry group
Authors: Mostafavi Hakhamanesh , Harpak Arbel , Agarwal Ipsita , Conley Dalton , Pritchard Jonathan K , Przeworski Molly
Published: January 2020

Fields as diverse as human genetics and sociology are increasingly using polygenic scores based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for phenotypic prediction. However, recent work has shown that polygenic scores have limited portability across groups of different genetic ancestries, restricting the contexts in which they can be used reliably and potentially creating serious inequities in future clinical applications. Using the UK Biobank data, we demonstrate that even within a single ancestry group (i.e., when there are negligible differences in linkage disequilibrium or in causal alleles frequencies), the prediction accuracy of polygenic scores can depend on characteristics such as the socio-economic status, age or sex of the individuals in which the GWAS and the prediction were conducted, as well as on the GWAS design. Our findings highlight both the complexities of interpreting polygenic scores and underappreciated obstacles to their broad use.
Shifting from fear to safety through deconditioning-update
Authors: Popik Bruno , Amorim Felippe Espinelli , Amaral Olavo B , De Oliveira Alvares Lucas
Published: January 2020

Aversive memories are at the heart of psychiatric disorders such as phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we present a new behavioral approach in rats that robustly attenuates aversive memories. This method consists of ‘deconditioning’ animals previously trained to associate a tone with a strong footshock by replacing it with a much weaker one during memory retrieval. Our results indicate that deconditioning-update is more effective than traditional extinction in reducing fear responses; moreover, such effects are long lasting and resistant to renewal and spontaneous recovery. Remarkably, this strategy overcame important boundary conditions for memory updating, such as remote or very strong traumatic memories. The same beneficial effect was found in other types of fear-related memories. Deconditioning was mediated by L-type voltage-gated calcium channels and is consistent with computational accounts of mismatch-induced memory updating. Our results suggest that shifting from fear to safety through deconditioning-update is a promising approach to attenuate traumatic memories.
Quantitative analysis of 1300-nm three-photon calcium imaging in the mouse brain
Authors: Wang Tianyu , Wu Chunyan , Ouzounov Dimitre G , Gu Wenchao , Xia Fei , Kim Minsu , Yang Xusan , Warden Melissa R , Xu Chris
Published: January 2020

1300 nm three-photon calcium imaging has emerged as a useful technique to allow calcium imaging in deep brain regions. Application to large-scale neural activity imaging entails a careful balance between recording fidelity and perturbation to the sample. We calculated and experimentally verified the excitation pulse energy to achieve the minimum photon count required for the detection of calcium transients in GCaMP6s-expressing neurons for 920 nm two-photon and 1320 nm three-photon excitation. By considering the combined effects of in-focus signal attenuation and out-of-focus background generation, we quantified the cross-over depth beyond which three-photon microscopy outpeforms two-photon microscopy in recording fidelity. Brain tissue heating by continuous three-photon imaging was simulated with Monte Carlo method and experimentally validated with immunohistochemistry. Increased immunoreactivity was observed with 150 mW excitation power at 1 and 1.2 mm imaging depths. Our analysis presents a translatable model for the optimization of three-photon calcium imaging based on experimentally tractable parameters.
A tryparedoxin-coupled biosensor reveals a mitochondrial trypanothione metabolism in trypanosomes
Authors: Ebersoll Samantha , Bogacz Marta , Günter Lina M , Dick Tobias P , Krauth-Siegel R Luise
Published: January 2020

Trypanosomes have a trypanothione redox metabolism that provides the reducing equivalents for numerous essential processes, most being mediated by tryparedoxin (Tpx). While the biosynthesis and reduction of trypanothione are cytosolic, the molecular basis of the thiol redox homeostasis in the single mitochondrion of these parasites has remained largely unknown. Here we expressed Tpx-roGFP2, roGFP2-hGrx1 or roGFP2 in either the cytosol or mitochondrion of Trypanosoma brucei. We show that the novel Tpx-roGFP2 is a superior probe for the trypanothione redox couple and that the mitochondrial matrix harbors a trypanothione system. Inhibition of trypanothione biosynthesis by the anti-trypanosomal drug Eflornithine impairs the ability of the cytosol and mitochondrion to cope with exogenous oxidative stresses, indicating a direct link between both thiol systems. Tpx depletion abolishes the cytosolic, but only partially affects the mitochondrial sensor response to H2O2. This strongly suggests that the mitochondrion harbors some Tpx and, another, as yet unidentified, oxidoreductase.
Cryo-EM structures demonstrate human IMPDH2 filament assembly tunes allosteric regulation
Authors: Johnson Matthew C , Kollman Justin M
Published: January 2020

Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) mediates the first committed step in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis and plays important roles in cellular proliferation and the immune response. IMPDH reversibly polymerizes in cells and tissues in response to changes in metabolic demand. Self-assembly of metabolic enzymes is increasingly recognized as a general mechanism for regulating activity, typically by stabilizing specific conformations of an enzyme, but the regulatory role of IMPDH filaments has remained unclear. Here, we report a series of human IMPDH2 cryo-EM structures in both active and inactive conformations. The structures define the mechanism of filament assembly, and reveal how filament-dependent allosteric regulation of IMPDH2 makes the enzyme less sensitive to feedback inhibition, explaining why assembly occurs under physiological conditions that require expansion of guanine nucleotide pools. Tuning sensitivity to an allosteric inhibitor distinguishes IMPDH from other metabolic filaments, and highlights the diversity of regulatory outcomes that can emerge from self-assembly.
Structure of the AAA protein Msp1 reveals mechanism of mislocalized membrane protein extraction
Authors: Wang Lan , Myasnikov Alexander , Pan Xingjie , Walter Peter
Published: January 2020

The AAA protein Msp1 extracts mislocalized tail-anchored membrane proteins and targets them for degradation, thus maintaining proper cell organization. How Msp1 selects its substrates and firmly engages them during the energetically unfavorable extraction process remains a mystery. To address this question, we solved cryo-EM structures of Msp1-substrate complexes at near-atomic resolution. Akin to other AAA proteins, Msp1 forms hexameric spirals that translocate substrates through a central pore. A singular hydrophobic substrate recruitment site is exposed at the spiral’s seam, which we propose positions the substrate for entry into the pore. There, a tight web of aromatic amino acids grips the substrate in a sequence-promiscuous, hydrophobic milieu. Elements at the intersubunit interfaces coordinate ATP hydrolysis with the subunits’ positions in the spiral. We present a comprehensive model of Msp1’s mechanism, which follows general architectural principles established for other AAA proteins yet specializes Msp1 for its unique role in membrane protein extraction.
Effect of Limestone Addition on Physicochemical Properties of Cement: A Case Study of Laboratory Prepared Portland Cement, Sokoto Portland Cement and Dangote Portland Cement
Authors: Rabiu Saidu Saidu , Rabiu Lawal Danhalilu
Published: January 2020

Sokoto Ordinary Portland Cement, Dangote Ordinary Portland Cement and synthesized Portland Cement were blended with various proportions of limestone. X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) studies revealed increase in CaO concentration with addition limestone in all samples studied, while the concentration of other oxide decreases. Compressive strength decreases as limestone content increases but at lower concentration (5-15%), the cured cement had appreciable strength, which also decreases with addition of limestone for all the samples. Soundness test revealed that addition of limestone within 5-15% did not cause any expansion and weakening of the cement structure. The setting times for all cement types decreases with increasing limestone addition.
Behavior of Foundations on Reinforced Sabkha Soil: A Numerical Study
Authors: Sadek Lamia , M. M. Bahloul Khaled
Published: January 2020

The aim of this research is to investigate numerically the behavior of strip footings resting on Sabkha soil reinforced using two methods. Firstly, using a layer of compacted sand reinforced with random distributed fibers beneath footing. Secondly, using a layer of compacted sand reinforced with geogrids.

The benefit of mentioned two methods on the improvement of strip footings bearing capacity and decreasing the settlement was investigated using a finite element computer program Plaxis 2D ver. 8.6. It was found that using two methods increases bearing capacity of strip footings significantly specially using first method (fiber reinforced sand layer). It was observed also that the settlement decreased for the same stress values.
Mobilidade Humana em Contexto de Mudanças
Authors: Nascimento Mariângela Moreira
Published: January 2020

O artigo discute os aspectos e impactos das mudanças do capitalismo e do crescente fluxo migratório no século XXI. Analisa a nova configuração do poder capitalista e a nova ordenação produtiva, onde a mobilidade humana se torna uma condição necessária.
Imigração das Mulheres Latinas para o Brasil e o Mercado de Trabalho
Authors: Rodrigues Lavínia De Jesus
Published: January 2020

O referente artigo pretende apresentar, de modo breve, as motivações que levam à migração, tendo o trabalho como um dos principais motivos do deslocamento humano. Desta forma, o recorte a ser realizado vai ser o/a migrante da América Latina que procura o Brasil para melhorar a qualidade de vida, para isto, este/esta migrante quer ser inserido/a no mercado de trabalho, e acaba aceitando qualquer forma de trabalho devido ao medo de ser deportado,  muitos destes/destas imigrantes estão vivendo de forma irregular no país. Esse é um dos motivos que leva o/a migrante a não denunciar a superexploração. O/a migrante sai dos seus países de origem fugindo de crises econômicas, perseguições políticas, ideológicas e culturais, se torna alvo vulnerável da exploração da força de trabalho. Esse artigo também vai abordar como a mulher migrante se tornou independente no processo migratório. As mulheres já passam de 50% do total dos imigrantes, elas têm o mesmo propósito dos homens que imigram, elas estão indo a procura de trabalho para que possam se manter no Brasil e ajudar a família que ficou no pais de origem. A pesquisa revela que os cargos ocupados por essas mulheres são relacionados ainda com os cuidados (idosos, de crianças, etc.), empregos domésticos e confecções de roupa. O artigo vai trazer exemplos de como vive o/a imigrante no país e que o Brasil não é bom receptor de imigrantes, ou seja, não possuem estruturas jurídicas, sociais e econômicas para propiciar os/as imigrantes recursos em que eles/elas possam se estabilizar ou ter um recomeço no seu novo local de origem. Atualmente o país vem recebendo grande contingente de venezuelanos/as, vamos, assim, apresentar nesse artigo, de forma sucinta, os motivos que estão levando essa população a se deslocar.
O Corpo Morto de Diadorim: A nomeação póstuma de Diadorim como mulher na economia narrativa de Grande sertão: veredas
Authors: Silva Paulo Ricardo Moura da
Published: January 2020

A proposta deste ensaio é analisar a passagem do romance Grande sertão: veredas, de João Guimarães Rosa, em que o corpo morto de Diadorim está sendo preparado para a cerimônia fúnebre, de modo a observar como a descoberta de que Diadorim possui um corpo dito de mulher redireciona a narrativa de uma representação centrada na tensão homoerótica entre os protagonistas para colocar em cena a questão do gênero de Diadorim. Este redirecionamento produziria um efeito de abertura e continuidade narrativa no momento em que a narração chega ao fim, o que se relaciona fortemente com a própria economia narrativa da obra literária em questão, que busca se constituir esteticamente por meio da noção de viagem, de passagem e de transitoriedade.
Transexualidade no Ensino Médio: desafios e possibilidades
Authors: Xavier Gláucia Do Carmo
Published: January 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa empreendida em 2018, por meio da história oral com dois (duas) alun@s trans que cursam o Ensino Médio Técnico Integrado. A investigação teve como objetivo dar visibilidade à escolarização de estudantes trangêner@s. Para isso, o texto apresenta o entendimento de sexo e gênero ao longo da história e o papel do currículo escolar na inclusão de alun@s trans. A entrevista foi a técnica de pesquisa escolhida para dar voz a esse público excluído. O artigo enfatiza a necessidade de acolhimento e apoio por parte da escola, para que tenhamos uma nova realidade frente aos desafios da escolarização de pessoas trans.
Notas Etnográficas sobre Homens Negros Balizadores de Fanfarra em Salvador
Authors: Da Silva Zacarias Vinícius Santos
Published: January 2020

As performances dos homens negros balizadores de fanfarra são caracterizadas pela transgressão à rigidez corpórea atribuída a papéis masculinos, intensificados pelo fator racial. Porém, essas agências performativas causam efeitos contrários à ojeriza ou rejeição generalizada de quem assiste ao espetáculo, tornando-se altamente valorados pela audiência. Levando em consideração a estrutura das relações sociais brasileiras, os marcadores da diferença colocariam os balizadores em posições desfavoráveis no cotidiano, contudo, no momento do ato performático, eles assumem temporariamente outro status, como “seres de extraordinário poder”. Ao descrever o espetáculo mais proeminente na Bahia, o Desfile Cívico de Dois de Julho de Salvador, o interesse motriz desta pesquisa é compreender como os balizadores significam essas performances, além de refletir sobre o ordenamento das dinâmicas sócio-rituais presentes na cena etnográfica.