bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Thermal Stresses the Extreme Temperature in Bridge Deck Pavements Using FEM Analysis
Authors: Li Hai Bin , Sheng Yan Ping , Wang Qian
Published: February 2012

The thermal stresses at the extreme temperatures in bridge deck pavements (BDP) was analyzed in the paper. The sample bridge deck and asphalt concrete pavements were analyzed. The maximum principal and shear stresses in the BDP at the wide range of temperatures were calculated using 3D finite element method. The compared results showed a strong linear correlation between the BDP maximum principal stress and the elastic modulus. This linear relationship also existed between the shear stress and the elastic modulus. From the finite element analysis, it is found that the BDP elastic modulus affects the thermal stress more than the thickness of BDP. With the consideration of thermal stresses of BDP, the thickness of BDP from 6 to 12 cm is recommended for the BDP construction.
The Design of Power Supply and Distribution Real-Time Monitoring System Based on PXI Bus for Telemetering System
Authors: Wang Hong Liang , Ding Hai Fei , Wang Jin Qi , Liu Pan
Published: February 2012

Telemetering power supply and distribution system is an important part of the telemetry system. Arming at a telemetering power supply and distribution system, this paper adopts digital multimeter and multiplex switch based on PXI bus to realize 32-channel power supply and distribution DC voltage signal acquisition, storage, real-time monitoring and analysis, and also automatic data interpretation. The system consists of PXI host, multiplex switch, digital multimeter, interface unit, a control software and so on, which has the advantages of high precision, high efficiency, easy to operate, and has been used successfully in the test of a telemetry system.
Experimental Research on Influence of Vehicle Running Conditions on Emissions
Authors: Huang Wen Wei , Zhang Qiang , Sun Long Lin , Gao Mou Rong
Published: February 2012

Experiments were done to the same car with engine capacity of 1.6 liter on three typical road conditions in Shenzhen for emission characteristics of CO、HC and NOx with SEMTECH-DS manufactured by Sensors Company in USA. Through analysis on the experimental data it is indicated that emission factors with the measurement unit of g/km produced inflection points at the vehicle speed of 7.5～10 Km/h, and its variable rate is big at low speed interval and stable at high speed interval; average emission factors of CO and HC for car running in secondary city main roads is two or five times than those in city main roads; emissions of CO and HC of car at idle and low speed conditions take higher proportion.
Fuel Injector Design Based on 2D Technology
Authors: Chen Li Dan , Shan Huang Xiang
Published: February 2012

Through the discussion of main shortages of the high-speed electromagnetic valve used in electronic fuel injection system, the author introduced a new design thought of fuel injector based on 2D technology. Axial displacement of controlling valve was used to control the volume of gushing oil, while radial revolution of spool valve was used to change the time of injection. Additionally, mathematic modeling and MATLAB simulating indicated that, the injector designed based on 2D technology acquired the advantages of quick response and also realized the ideal shape of fuel injection rate.
Induction Motor Direct Torque Control Based on Multiple Neural Networks Optimized by Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Zou Gan , Li Tao , Xiao Ren Xin
Published: February 2012

Conventional direct torque control(DTC) of induction motor has the problem of large torque ripple.In addition,the speed sensor has its deficiency.A novel DTC system based on multiple neural networks optimized by Genetic Algorithm is proposed and the structures of the proposed system are designed.Genetic algorithm was used to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of the neural networks,All parameters of the neural networks were obtained by offline training.A simulation model of induction motor DTC system was developed in Matlab／Simulink,the simulation results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the scheme
Research on the Selection of Innovative Organization of Generic Technology for Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Wen Xin , Zhang Yu , Zou Hua
Published: February 2012

Generic Technology has deeply influenced on manufacturing industry and enterprises，which can arose huge economic benefit and social benefit to the society. Because of the characteristics of generic technology for manufacturing itself and the subjects of generic technology innovation for manufacturing, the innovative organizations of generic technology for manufacturing are various. As generic technology for manufacturing is the research object, the paper is based on the research of types and features of the generic technology for manufacturing, analyses constituent and features of innovative subjects of generic technology for manufacturing. And based on the research of innovative organization of generic technology for manufacturing, this paper studies deeply on innovative organization of generic technology for manufacturing combining with the practical situation of manufacturing.
Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between World Class Manufacturing Practises and Enterprise Performance: Comparing Developing Countries with Developed Countries
Authors: Tian Ye Zhuang , Zhang Xin Xing
Published: February 2012

The application of World Class Manufacturing(WCM) practises is very important for manufacturing enterprises to improve their performance and achieve competitive advantages. This research use the data of International Manufacturing Strategy Survey(IMSS) in 2009 as samples to reveal the relationship between WCM practises and enterprise performance and to discover the effect of different countries on the above-mentioned relationship, based on hierarchy regression analysis method. The results show that WCM practises is positively related with enterprise performance, besides, the positive influence of SCM on enterprise performance in developing countries is greater than that in developed countries.
A Spectrum Clustering Algorithm Based on Weighted Fuzzy Similar Matrix
Authors: Li Qiang
Published: February 2012

Unlike those traditional clustering algorithms, the spectral clustering algorithm can be applied to non-convex sphere of sample spaces and be converged to global optimal. As a entry point that the similar of spectral clustering, introduce improved weighted fuzzy similar matrix to spectral in this paper which avoids influence from parameters changes of fuzzy similar matrix in traditional spectral clustering on clustering effect and improves the effectiveness of clustering. It is more actual and scientific, which is tested based on UCI data set.
Thermal Fatigue Analysis of the Engine Exhaust Manifold
Authors: Li Da Lei , Yin Yue Feng , Chen Guang Fei , Cui Chao , Han Bo
Published: February 2012

Exhaust manifold is the main heated part of the engine, which bears the alternating heat loads and vibration loads in the process of high speed rotation in the extremely bad working environment. According to the method of fluid-solid coupling, the temperature, stress, strain and failure process of the exhaust manifold is reproduced through Abaqus finite element analysis and practical fatigue failure analysis. Comparing the simulation results with the real situation, it is proved that the finite element model is reasonable and the solving conditions are accurate. The further study of the problem will provide theoretical basis for the subsequent materials and structure optimization of the exhaust manifold, which will have important reference for the thermal fatigue damage, life prediction and control under the high temperature and thermal shock.
Mathematical Modeling of In-Cylinder Radiation
Authors: Chen Hong Yan , Song Yi Jin
Published: February 2012

This paper develops a multi-zone & multi-dimensional in-cylinder radiant model for internal-combustion engine. The model is based on the radiant temperature formula and takes the quality of total carbon particles and oxidized carbon particles as weight.The model offers analysis of the tendency of average absorption coefficient in various zones under different working conditions. The result agrees with basic characters about radiation.
The General APDL Program for Calculation of Structures under Seismic Response
Authors: Wang Ying Jun , He Fu Tian , Zhao Ying
Published: February 2012

Mode shape decomposition response spectrum method is used to determine the earthquake effect of the multi-mass elastic system by means of combination of the response spectrum of a single-mass elastic system. Although it is a simple method, the calculation process is too complicated. In this paper, a general program for seismic response calculation is designed using ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). First, the computational model is established. Then, the modal analysis of the structure is done to extract natural frequencies and mode shapes. The third step is to input the response spectrum so as to decompose mode shapes, and the corresponding mode shape having the maximum seismic response is obtained. After that, the method of SRSS or CQC is used to combine modal shape. The general program has been applied to calculate a one-bay two-story reinforced concrete frame structure. The numerical results are good agreement with the classic structural mechanics method.
Cloud Manufacturing Based on Cooperative Concept of SDN
Authors: Tai De Yi , Xu Fu Yuan
Published: February 2012

As a new service-oriented manufacturing paradigm, cloud manufacturing (CMfg) was proposed to realize the added-value and on-demand use of manufacturing resource and ability. Compared with cloud computing, the complexity of CMfg cooperation was analyzed. Supply and demand network of enterprises with multifunction and opening characteristics (SDN) was introduced as a new paradigm of manufacturing cooperation. Dynamic, diversity, fully open and inclusive cooperation are the key concept of SDN. The CMfg cooperation based on SDN was analyzed, from three-dimension of lever, function and space. A model of cooperation-oriented CMfg was built. Resource-oriented, service-oriented and innovation-oriented cooperation were proposed to prompt the implementation and the platform building of CMfg, from the business cooperation perspective.
Experimental Study on the Recycling Technology of Waste Thermosetting Phenolic Resin Based on Mechanical and Physical Method
Authors: Liu Zhi Feng , Shi Lei , Wu Zhong Wei , Zhao Kai
Published: February 2012

Propose a recycling technology of waste thermosetting phenolic resin based on mechanical and physical method,use the range and variance analysis of orthogonal test of four factors at three different levels, obtain the affection of speed ,time, feeding material weight ,feeding particle size on degradation efficiency of thermosetting phenolic resin. According to the affection ,the influencing factors could be arranged as follows : speed>feeding particle size> time>feeding material weight,and optimal technology parameters are determined as follows: speed is 3000 r / min, time is 90 min, feeding material weight is 50 g, feeding particle size is 0.425 mm.
A SHRFNN Control for a Switched Reluctance Motor Drive
Authors: Lin Chih Hong , Lin Ming Kuan , Lin Chih Peng
Published: February 2012

Due to unmodeled dynamic behavior and uncertainties exist in the applications of switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive which seriously affected the drive performance, a supervisoy hybrid recurrent fuzzy neural network (SHRFNN) speed control system that combined supervisor control, recurrent RFNN and compensated control is proposed to increase the robustness of the SRM drive system. First, the asymmetrical structure of the power converter is applied to SRM drive. In order to process uncertainties, a SHRFNN control system is proposed to control SRM drive system. With proposed SHRFNN control system, the SRM drive possesses the advantages of good transient control performance and robustness to unmodeled dynamic behavior and uncertainties for speed control. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by experimental results.
Research on Application of Neural Network Model in Design of Computer-Based Microwave Ovens
Authors: Zhou Mei Yu , Li Qian , Liu Yi Qing
Published: February 2012

How to guide designers to create product for meeting consumers’ sensational expectations effectively is one of the important aims of Kansei Engineering. The difficult is to reveal the relationship between the emotional imagery and product design elements. The SD and JK methods are selected to build the test sample, emotional vocabulary and deconstructing design elements, then the BP neural network is applied to form the quantitative relationship model between the emotional imagery and design elements. That the front panel of computer-based microwave is taken as research object, the validity of the model has been verified.
Ag-Coated PAN Nanofibers Prepared by Poly(dopamine)-Assisted Electroless Plating
Authors: Yu Li Na , Zhao Jun , Shen Ling Di , Gao Yan , Wang Xue Fen
Published: February 2012

Silver-coated PAN nanofibers have been prepared by a facile method that combined the electrospinning technique and electroless plating method. Dopamine was used to functionalize the surface of electrospun PAN nanofibers to form the chemisorption sites in order to assist electroless plating of silver. SEM and ATR-FITR results indicated that poly(dopamine) has been successfully deposited on the surface of PAN nanofibers. XRD and SEM results also showed that face-centred cubic (fcc) crystal Ag nanoparticles with uniform size were well coated on the surface of electrospun PAN fibers.
Study on Optimization of Samples by Rotation Vector Method Based on Attitude Calculating
Authors: Du Ye , Feng Shun Shan , Yuan Da Wei
Published: February 2012

According to mathematical model of MEMS, In case attitude updating period sampling period are the same , single-sample, two-sample and three-sample algorithm are studied based on rotation vector method, and the simulation and comparative analysis are proceed. In the same sample rate cases, the results show that calculating precision of two-sample and three-sample changes with growing attitude updating cycle. Before turntable test or practical application, all samples should be simulated respectively. Choose the best method for attitude solving and provides the basis for the engineering.
A Optimization Model of Correlation Matrix
Authors: Meng Jong , Guo Chun Xia
Published: February 2012

Hamilton and Pelletier have brought forward the regime switching model for dynamic correlation matrix. It is especially for the variance time-varying financial multiple time series. In this paper, we use random matrix theory to improve the correlation matrix, which removed the noise, leaving the true information. We also present an empirical application use China's stock market data to optimize portfolio which illustrates that our model can have achieved good results.
Research on Thermal Error Compensation Technique of the Screw
Authors: Yue Hong Xin , Shi Yan , Xi Yan Mei
Published: February 2012

In the system of the machine tool, the position error is directly affected by the thermal deformation of ball screw. Screw system is a complex thermal system, which is affected by the processing conditions, the processing cycle, the use of cooling fluid, and the surrounding environment. Due to non-linear and interaction of the thermal error, a RBF network thermal error model is proposed in the paper and the model is tested in XHFA2420 large machining center.
Simulation Research of Vehicle Exhaust System Hanger Location
Authors: Zhang Ping , Song Xiao Lin
Published: February 2012

To reduce the impact of exhaust system hanger layout on the vehicle vibration performance and research the method about the reasonable layout of the hanger, forst established the FE model of an automotive exhaust system and fixed up hanger locations by modal analysis and load distribution by statics analysis. Then according to the displacement and force response to the engine’s torque loaded on powertrain’s mass centroid, adjusted hanger locations. At last, got the reasonable hanger location layout. The exhaust system hanger layout is used on a heavy truck and has the obvious effect.
Field Evaluation of 12 Soil Moisture Sensors on a Sandy Loam Soil in Lu’an, Subtropical Monsoon Climate Region, China
Authors: Wang Jing Cai , Xia Zi Qiang , Wang Ji Xing , Lu Zhi Hua
Published: February 2012

An in situ field test with three indices of stability, sensitivity and accuracy on 12 soil moisture sensors was carried out in a sandy loam soil located in Lu’an at the subtropical monsoon climate region (China). The results showed that the majority of sensors were above 0.98 with a higher stability degree except for HT-DR-601(0.348) and DZN3 (0.661). Almost all sensors had a sensitive response to a certain amount of precipitation but Hydra Probe II was an exception. Trime-pico, SM300, ML2X, SWR6 and DH-FDR had a higher accuracy than 0.785, while DZN3 and HT-DR-601 were very lower. The mean differences of SM300, Trime-pico and Uni_SM were between -1% and 0, while HTSMS-02, DH-FDR, SWR6, ML2X, MP-4C and MP-323 were between -5% and -1%. DZN3 had the largest values of -17.8%. Finally, SM300, Trime-pico, ML2X, SWR6 and DH-FDR were got scores above 9 points while MP-323 and Uni_SM were above 8.4, showing an outstanding performance. The field performance study could provide some choices for the large-scale filed applications and the drought monitoring system.
Design and Implementation of a Single Chip Multi-Waveform Signal Generator Based on SOPC Design Methodology
Authors: Ruan Yue , Tang Ying , Yao Wen Ji
Published: February 2012

This work presents a highly integrated multi-functional, multi-waveform signal generator which can generate various waveforms, with digital controller inside to adapt embedded and low power applications. The proposed system uses Nios II, a reconfigurable, programmable and optimizable soft-core embedded CPU together with modern EDA tools to accomplish system HW/SW co-design and implementation. Utilizing characteristics of Nios II, we put together core and peripheral logical units that system needs and implant them into a single FPGA chip, then uses the Avalon bus to connect peripheral modules (such as function switch buttons and 7-segment LED display units) to Nios II's Avalon bus main port (instruction and data control port). The realized system is flexible to reduce, extend, with low power consumption, and has System on Programmable Chip (SOPC) function which means the system’s software and hardware is online programmable.
Trigonometric Coons Patch with Shape Parameters
Authors: Xie Chun , Li Jun Cheng , Zhong Yue E , Yang Lian , Liu Chun Ying
Published: February 2012

A trigonometric polynomial Coons patch analogous to the standard bicubic Coons patch, with two shape parameters, is presented in this work. The proposeded patch not only has the same properites to the standard bicubic Coons patch, but also can be adjusted by altering values of the shape parameters when the interpolation conditions are fixed. Given proper conditions, the proposed patch can accurately represent torus and ellipsoid.
Analysis of Functional Modules in Protein Networks Using Graph Clustering Method
Authors: Mei Juan , Zhao Ji , Fu Yi
Published: February 2012

Interaction detection methods have led to the discovery of thousands of interactions between proteins, and discerning relevance within large-scale data sets is important to present-day biology. As an important means for knowledge discovery, graph clustering attracts much attention in analysis of protein-protein interaction networks. Here, a modularity-based method was used to find communities of protein-protein interaction networks. Using this method, 177 communities were detected from a network involving 11,855 interactions among 2617 proteins in yeast and annotated according to MIPS hierarchical functional categories. We validated that these communities are indeed densely connected subgraphs.
Elderly Home Nursing Bed Design
Authors: Yang Chun Qing
Published: February 2012

Based on the aging of Chinese society and the analysis of physiological characteristics of the elderly, home nursing beds for the elderly status of the product research, analysis of product design shortcomings, from the ergonomic point of view of functionality, parameters, modeling, etc. study, and gives the elderly home nursing bed design.
Study on Packing Process of the Plastic Air Intake Manifold of Engines
Authors: Zhang Shi Qiang , Wang Hui Gang , Liu Xiao Wen , Liu Hai Sheng
Published: February 2012

Packing pressure directly influences quality of the plastic part. It is an important stage of plastic injection molding. This paper introduces the packing process.CAE software Moldflow provided the possibility to simulate the flow process of the plastic air intake manifold at different pressure and to predict the position of air traps. Packing pressure is determined by comparing analysis results and avoided mold adjustment and mold repairing. Analytic result shows that packing pressure at 70MPa can make the maximum injection pressure, melt flow rate, the required maximum clamp force smaller. And at that time, The air traps situation is also better. Practice proves that it is perfect of the finished sample of the plastic air intake manifold on basis of simulation.
Security TF Card Based Short Message Security Enhancement Method for Mobile Terminal System
Authors: Li Ping , Zhou Qing Lei , Zhang Yu Chen , She Wei , Xi Lin
Published: February 2012

The paper presents a security enhancement method, which is based on smart security TF card (STF), to improve the security of short message for mobile terminal system (MTS). The method consists of three parts: the use of STF as a secure cryptography service module, increasing and then invoking encryption/decryption components for SMS processing in MTS, increasing secure SMS gateway (SSG) on the SMS server side. Following the method, the confidentiality of the message can be guaranteed either in the air or in mobile terminal itself and message traffic analysis attack can also be prevented to some extent.
Study and Application of DPRAM Communication Technology in Engraving CNC System
Authors: Pan Jian Feng , Fan Jian , Xu Jian Feng , Fang Ying
Published: February 2012

The motion control system of CNC engraving machine，structured as NC embedded PC , is consists of the NC, a motion controller working as the lower computer, and the IPC, working as the supervisory computer. Both of them perform real time data communication through the PCI bus using DPRAM communication technology. It has many advantages such as consuming less response time, high speed and accuracy and so on. The experiment proves that the CNC system equipped with this technology has sensitive response and good real-time performance and stability.
The Intelligent Building Entrance Machine Design and Realization Based on the Ethernet
Authors: Tong Shi Hua
Published: February 2012

On the basis of Ethernet technology and intelligent building controlling technology, the intelligent building entrance machine based on Ethernet is designed. Different from the traditional entrance machine, the device does not require a dedicated audio and video signal lines. All signal transmission can be completed by only one cable. Significantly reduce the cost of cable, wiring costs and installation costs, and the accuracy and reliability of signal transmission.
Study of Intelligent Punch System
Authors: Xiang Ke Feng , Yang Song
Published: February 2012

The intelligent control punch system is completely new and comprehensive technology that combines control-science, computer science, material science and metal forming theory. Although the technology originated in 1980s from America, it had focused on the spring-back of V-shaped bending. After prolonged theoretical and experimental research, the research has been expanded to the axis-symmetric part and non-axis symmetric part. A completely mechanical model of the metal sheet punch is built.
Development of Managerial Creativity
Authors: Hornák František , Cagáňová Dagmar , Čambál Milos
Published: February 2012

Creativity has been rightfully considered to be one of the main resources of the 21st century. Only the growth of creativity and mobilization of the human innovative potential can secure an access to the reserve that is essential for successful and humane development of economy and society. According to a study by the Institute for Prospective Technology Studies, 70% to 80% of competitiveness and growth of enterprises will be based on new knowledge and skills of employees. This assumption is based on changes in the business environment of the 21st century – the continuing globalization of markets, intensifying competition, improving speed of innovation and the boom of information and communication technologies.
The Modeling and Control of Leaching Rate in Nickel Stir Leaching Process of Sulfuric Acid
Authors: Li Qiang , Yang Cheng Zhi , Zhang Wen Bo , Yu Yang
Published: February 2012

Leaching rate is one of the key parameters in the nickel stir leaching process of sulfuric acid and it is hard to online measure directly due to a lot of uncertain facts. In this paper, the prediction model of nickel leaching rate is established by least squares identification method. A controller combining predictive control(PFC) and PID control is designed to control nickel leaching rate in stir leaching process of sulfuric acid and better results of leaching rate control is proved by computer simulation.
Preparation of 0.90Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-0.10BaTiO3 Ferroelectric Thin Film and its Application in Pyroelectric Energy Harvesting
Authors: Zheng Xiu Cheng , Zheng Guang Ping , Lin Zheng , Jiang Zhi Yuan
Published: February 2012

Ferroelectric0.90Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-0.10BaTiO3(0.90BNT-0.10BT) thin film with single perovskite phase is prepared using an improved sol-gel spin coating method onto indium-tin-oxide (ITO) glass substrates. A new solution process is developed for the preparation of precursor solution which is stable in air, presenting a low gelation and trend to the formation of precipitates. The as-prepared thin film is crystallized into single perovskite phase and has good ferroelectric properties. It is remarkable that the thin films show excellent heat-to-electrical energy conversion properties. The results of this work for the first time demonstrate the feasibility of using lead-free BNT-BT films for pyroelectric energy harvesting.
Simultaneous Oxidation of Citric Acid and Reduction of Copper Ion by TiO2 Photocatalysis
Authors: Lin Long Li , Liu Guo Guang , Lv Wen Ying
Published: February 2012

The present study is targeted on the simulated wastewater containing Cu(Ⅱ), citric acid and TiO2 under UV illumination in the presence of oxygen and at acidic pH. The photocatalytic reaction obeys first-order kinetic equation. The inﬂuence of Cu(Ⅱ) on photocatalytic oxidation of citric acid and how citric acid will affect the treatment of Cu(II) were described. The result showed that the coexistence of Cu(Ⅱ) and citric acid was favourable to the photocatalytic oxidation and reduction. Cu(Ⅱ) reductive product was analyzed by using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy.
Synthesis and Characterization of W-SBA-15 Mesoporous Material
Authors: Dong Bei Bei , Zhang Ke , Li Cai Xia , Yuan Cheng Yuan , Zheng Xiu Cheng
Published: February 2012

W-SBA-15 mesoporous material was synthesized by using a one-step co-condensation sol-gel process and characterized by various methods. The results showed that the prepared W-SBA-15 sample retained the typical mesoporous structure of SBA-15 and exhibited good catalytic performance for the green synthesis of adipic acid under organic solvent-free conditions.
Study on Material Application of Water Lubrication Bearings in Pump
Authors: Liu Jian Hua
Published: February 2012

In recent years, water lubrication bearing has widely used in pump as support elements， its reliability and life have important influence on pump running, while the material of water lubrication bearing is one of main factors to limit its application. So integrating with its application of bearing lubrication for pump，the paper introduced the characteristics of the water lubrication friction pair and the wear mechanism of materials. Simultaneously characteristics and the scope of application of materials were introduced such as metal materials, plastic, ceramic, wood etc. The use principle and the future research direction was put forward for material of the water lubrication bearings.
Energy Potentiality of Crops Straw Resources in Yunnan
Authors: Yang Hong , Zhang Wu Di , Yin Fang , Liu Shi Qing
Published: February 2012

Crops straw is very important biomass resources. This paper estimated biogas potential, biogas generating capacity and the amount of standard coal alternative according to the production of crops straw from 2000 to 2010 in Yunnan Province. The results indicated: the amount of straw resources reduced in 2002 and 2003, it began to rise in 2004 and larger increase in 2007. Then the amount of crops straw reached 1485 ten thousand tons in 2010. It can produce 2.97 × 109m3 of methane. The biogas production can meet the need of almost 5.42 million farmers in the daily life each year, it can solve more than half of rural farmer’s needs in Yunnan Province. Biogas generation capacity can reach 4.75 × 109kWh, the production of biogas can replace 2.08 × 109kg of standard coal.
Performance and Microbial Characteristics of a Hybrid Biological Reactor Treating Industrial Wastewater
Authors: Li Chao , Li Xian Li , Ji Min , Ma Yu Kun
Published: February 2012

To reveal the succession procedure of microbial community in hybrid biological reactor (HBR), the molecular biological techniques of polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), cloning and sequencing and ﬂuorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were applied. PCR-DGGE results showed that the microbial community accumulated in both suspended-growth and attached-growth biomasses. Proteobacteria was found to be the dominant genera of bacteria in the sludge. Denitrifying bacteria was found accumulated in the biofilms. FISH results showed that there were more nitrifying bacteria in the suspended-growth biomass than the attached-growth biomass, but less denitrifying bacteria in the former biomass.
The Application Study of Surfactant in Preparation of Battery Materials
Authors: Shi Li Chun , Xiao Hai Mei
Published: February 2012

With the decline in the amount of global energy and degradation of the environment, the development of environmentally friendly new energy is paid widely attention. New energy material plays a great guiding and supporting role. Battery material, mainly related to cathode, anode, electrolyte and diaphragm, is an important part of energy storage and power supply. Surfactants can change metal oxide crystal formation, inhibit liberation of hydrogen; grow and corrosion of fern-leaf crystal; delay passivation electrode. Therefore, latex made of surfactants can serve as a "micro-reaction tank" and prevent nano-particles agglomeration. This paper provides an overview of surfactant in preparation of battery materials and research progress of waste battery recycling.
The Vibration Analysis of a Novel Vortex Flowmeter Based on Fiber Bragg Grating
Authors: Dong Hui Juan , Cai Yong , He Jun , Liu Ren Bing
Published: February 2012

A novel fiber Bragg grating vortex flowmeter was designed in this work, where the Bragg grating was enfolded in a cylinder eddy generator. Bragg grating subject to force and the corresponding strain were analyzed. Subsequently, the relationships between grating’s axial strain and flow were developed. In order to improve the flowmeter's resolution, the system was simplified by a mass-spring-damper model, which was used to analyze resonance and choose acrylic glass as cylinder's material. In terms of the resolution of FBG sensor demodulation device and factors of vortex's formation, the measuring range of flowmeter is 1200L/h~5000L/h. The resolution is less than 40L/h with flow exceeding 2000L/h. The damping ratio is not sensitive to the flow when it is less than 2000L/h.
Stability Analysis of the Center Arch Girder for Special Astronomical Dome
Authors: Ying Bai , Yuan Ming Hai
Published: February 2012

The special astronomical dome is an important instrument in the multi-object space detecting system. With the background of the special astronomical dome, the potential energy equations of center arch girder with displacement and angle as unknown fundamental quantities were established according to energy principle. The critical loading in buckling of the hinged center arch girder under erect orientation and radial orientation loading was calculated in this paper. The results are very valuable for designing the center arch girders of the special dome and solving the mechanical problems of the statically indeterminate arch girders with the similar structure.
Bifurcation Control of in Morris-Lecar Neuron Model via Washout Filter with a Linear Term Based on Filter-Aided Dynamic Feedback
Authors: Duan Hai Long , Cui Cheng Kun , Han Chun Xiao , Che Yan Qiu
Published: February 2012

In this paper, based on Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion, the linear control term of washout filter-aided dynamic feedback controller is added to the Morris-Lecar (ML) system to stabilize the bifurcation. We deduce the linear control parameters according to the stability criterion, and the simulation results indicate that the controller is effective to stabilize ML model. In addition, electrical stimulation is selected as an output of the controller, thus it may provide theoretical guidance for clinical diagnosis and therapy of dynamical diseases.
The Comparison of Two Methods on the Reliability of Ship Collision for Bridge Based on Applied Mechanics
Authors: Bao Long Sheng , Zhang Jun , Yu Ling , Zhu Guang Shan
Published: February 2012

As for the reliability of ship-bridge collision, function relation between the structure response variable and basic variable is very complex and the traditional theory has been difficult to work it out, so we need the help of finite element numerical method to obtain the solution. APDL language and two methods are used to solve the reliability of ship-bridge collision, compared to seven MCS method conditions and ODRSM-MCS probability of failure of bridge pier. The pier failure probability of 10000 MCS method sampling and ODRSM-MCS sample is very close. ODRSM-MCS method and the MCS method to the case of the same accuracy, while MCS reliability is used in the calculation, the time used is 280min and the ODRSM-MCS mix of computational time is 5min. So the ODRSM-MCS method is much more efficient and effective.
Preparation of TiO2 and HZSM-5 Mixture and Methyl Orange Degradation Activity
Authors: Zhang Wen Jie , Li Ke Xin
Published: February 2012

HZSM-5 zeolite was prepared by modification of NaZSM-5 with NH4Cl and was used as support for TiO2. Maximum decoloration rates appeared when using 200 mg/l TiO2 in both photocatalysts. At TiO2 concentration below 130 mg/l, pure TiO2 could degrade more methyl orange molecules in the solution than using mixture of TiO2 and HZSM-5. At even higher photocatalyst concentrations, the mixture performed better decoloration activity than using pure TiO2. After 70 min of irradiation, nearly all of the initial methyl orange was degraded on the two photocatalysts. When using mixed photocatalysts prepared by solid state dispersion, adsorption of methyl orange was nearly constant in all the HZSM-5 using amount, which was not more than 3% of the initial methyl orange. Decoloration of methyl orange increased constantly with increasing HZSM-5 doping amount.
Notched-Noise Embedded Frequency Specific Chirps for Objective Audiometry Using Auditory Brainstem Responses
Authors: Corona-Strauss Farah I. , Schick Bernhard , Delb Wolfgang , Strauss Daniel J.
Published: February 2012

It has been shown recently that chirp-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) show better performance than click stimulations, especially at low intensity levels. In this paper we present the development, test, and evaluation of a series of notched-noise embedded frequency specific chirps. ABRs were collected in healthy young control subjects using the developed stimuli. Results of the analysis of the corresponding ABRs using a time-scale phase synchronization stability (PSS) measure are also reported. The resultant wave V amplitude and latency measures showed a similar behavior as for values reported in literature. The PSS of frequency specific chirp-evoked ABRs reflected the presence of the wave V for all stimulation intensities. The scales that resulted in higher PSS are in line with previous findings, where ABRs evoked by broadband chirps were analyzed, and which stated that low frequency channels are better for the recognition and analysis of chirp-evoked ABRs. We conclude that the development and test of the series of notched-noise embedded frequency specific chirps allowed the assessment of frequency specific ABRs, showing an identifiable wave V for different intensity levels. Future work may include the development of a faster automatic recognition scheme for these frequency specific ABRs.
Diagnostic and immunoprophylactic applications of synthetic peptides in veterinary microbiology
Authors: Paramasivam Saravanan , Kumar Satish
Published: February 2012

Chemically synthesized peptides are considered as potential reagents for various applications in biological sciences. They mimic naturally occurring peptides or segments of proteins and have emerged as diagnostic reagents and safe immunogens in animal science. Carefully selected peptides resembling authentic epitopes serve as synthetic antigens in diagnostic tests. Synthetic peptide-based vaccines can elicit antibodies against animal pathogens. The early use of synthetic peptides as a vaccine for foot-and-mouth disease stimulated interest in the development of peptide-based diagnostics and immunoprophylactics. The development of a peptide vaccine for canine parvovirus confirmed the usefulness of peptides as immunoprophylactics. Recently, the advent of the technology for the development of multiple antigenic peptides (MAPs) has provided a well-defined method for the production of highly immunogenic peptides and anti-peptide antibodies. Antibodies raised against major epitopes can be used in the detection of the native antigen (virus) in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and other tests, vindicating the usefulness of peptides for safe, chemically defined, non-infectious diagnostics and immunoprophylactics. This article focuses on the methods for selecting and preparing peptides for the predicted epitopes, their characterization and use, and the application of MAPs.
Effect of phenolic compounds and osmotic stress on the expression of penicillin biosynthetic genes from Penicillium chrysogenum var. halophenolicum strain
Authors: Ferreira Guedes Sumaya , Leitão Ana Lúcia
Published: February 2012

Phenol and phenolic compounds are aromatic pollutants that inhibit biological treatment of wastewaters. Penicillium chrysogenum var. halophenolicum is a halotolerant fungus that previously showed the ability to degrade phenol and resorcinol in high salinity conditions. The presence of the penicillin biosynthetic cluster in P. chrysogenum var. halophenolicum was recently described. In this article, we examined the expression of pcbAB, pcbC and penDE, genes responsible for δ-(L-α-aminoadipyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine synthetase, isopenicillin N synthase and isopenicillin N acyltransferase activities, respectively, in P. chrysogenum var. halophenolicum. A quantitative PCR (qPCR) approach was used to determine how these genes were expressed in media with 2% and 5.9% NaCl supplemented with phenol, catechol, hydroquinone and resorcinol as the sole carbon source. The effect of salt on the capability of P. chrysogenum var. halophenolicum to degrade aromatic compounds was measured using HPLC. qPCR analysis of RNA extracted from P. chrysogenum var. halophenolicum indicated that the expression levels of pcbAB, pcbC and penDE decreased in high saline concentrations compared to the levels expressed in media with glucose. High concentrations of salt significantly repress the expression of pcbAB and penDE. The pcbC gene was expressed differentially in catechol containing medium. There was no evident relationship between the expression levels of penicillin biosynthetic genes and yields of penicillin. Meanwhile, the presence of phenol and phenolic compounds seems to positively influence the antibiotic production; high concentrations of salt stimulated penicillin production. These results support the hypothesis that phenol, phenolic compounds and high concentrations of salt could act like a stress factor for P. chrysogenum var. halophenolicum resulting in higher yields of β-lactam antibiotic production.
Inovação pedagógica: uma resposta às demandas da sala de aula universitária
Authors: Leite Carlinda , Fernandes Preciosa
Published: February 2012

Este texto tem como principal objetivo dar a conhecer uma experiência curricular desenvolvida em sistema b-learning com estudantes do 1o ano da Licenciatura em Ciências da Educação da Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto. No quadro dos desafios e dos princípios lançados pelo processo de Bolonha, o artigo problematiza possibilidades e limites do recurso aos fóruns de debate (usados no sistema b-learning) para desenvolver processos autónomos de aprendizagem. Do ponto de vista metodológico, foi utilizado um  questionário de perguntas abertas que visou captar sentidos atribuídos pelos estudantes a este dispositivo pedagógico. A análise de conteúdo seguiu os procedimentos de Bardin (1991) e teve por base as ideias de Salmon (2000) quanto ao papel do professor. Globalmente, os resultados evidenciam que os estudantes apreciam muito positivamente o recurso aos fóruns de debate, considerando tratar-se de um dispositivo pedagógico importante para ampliar a sua formação. Reconhecem, ainda, que  permitem uma maior acessibilidade a materiais diversos e uma melhor  organização dos conteúdos constituindo, assim também, um meio de apoio ao estudo. Conclui-se que a opção por este dispositivo pedagógico converte-se num conjunto de vantagens para estudantes e professores, de entre as quais a aprendizagem autónoma ocupa posição de destaque.
Pós-graduação na ibero-américa. Conflito de temporalidades e embates. Tradição x Modernidade
Authors: Bianchetti Lucídio
Published: February 2012

Pesquisa sobre a avaliação realizada pela CAPES, no Brasil, e a implementação do “Pacto de Bolonha”, na União Europeia (UE), evidencia que esses dois são processos que se constituem em paradigmas de mudanças induzidas, aceleradas e em tempo exíguo. O desenvolvimento de pesquisa sobre a pós-graduação stricto sensu no Brasil e em algumas universidades da península ibérica coloca em relevo uma realidade similar, embora com defasagens temporais, dependendo do espaço onde estão processando-se as mudanças: a relação entre tradição e modernidade. É neste contexto que o antes, evocando tradição, e o agora, apontando (pós) modernidade, materializam-se em um tempo em que passado e presente se defrontam, muitas vezes na perspectiva da anulação de um passado, de uma tradição como se ipso facto fosse sinônimo de ultrapassado, de algo que tivesse que ser deixado para trás dado que não é mais operacional ao mercantilismo imperante no campo educacional. Nesta nova temporalidade, entre o “Modelos CAPES” e o “Processo de Bolonha”, os intelectuais estão sendo desafi ados a preservar um campo de praxis, onde a dialética entre tradição e modernidade não seja anulada, e eles, na condição de intelectuais públicos, reduzidos a intelectuais institucionalizados, cumpridores de funções, sem espaço para o exercício da autonomia. Neste texto, fruto de revisão para a pesquisa de pós-doutorado, apresento e analiso elementos básicos, do Estudo Comparado entre Brasil e UE.
Trabalho docente no ensino médio no Brasil
Authors: Costa Gilvan Luiz Machado , Oliveira Dalila Andrade
Published: February 2012

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir quem são os sujeitos docentes do ensino médio e suas condições de trabalho, a partir de dados estatísticos disponíveis em fontes ofi ciais e na literatura. Segundo tais dados, os professores do ensino médio no Brasil, em relação aos da educação infantil e ensino fundamental, têm mais aulas, turmas, alunos, turnos e empregos. O texto parte da caracterização do contexto de reformas educacionais que o país viveu nas duas últimas décadas, resultando em expansão quantitativa da matrícula em educação básica, o que tem trazido consequências importantes para os docentes do ensino médio. Os docentes da última etapa da educação básica não contam com condições de trabalho e remuneração à altura das inúmeras demandas que chegam às escolas. As condições de trabalho, carreira e remuneração desses docentes podem ter, como resultado, uma baixa atratividade da carreira do magistério no Brasil.
Stagnation-Point Flow and Heat Transfer of a Casson Fluid towards a Stretching Sheet
Authors: Mustafa Meraj , Hayat Tasawar , Ioan Pop , Hendi Awatif
Published: February 2012

This article reports the flow of a Casson fluid in the region of stagnation-point towards a stretching sheet. The characteristics of heat transfer with viscous dissipation are also analyzed. The partial differential equations representing the flow and heat transfer of the Casson fluid are reduced to ordinary differential equations through suitable transformations. The flow is therefore governed by the Casson fluid parameter β, the ratio of the free stream velocity to the velocity of the stretching sheet a=c, the Prandtl number Pr, and the Eckert number Ec. The analytic solutions in the whole spatial domain have been computed by the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The dimensionless expressions for the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number have been calculated and discussed.
Chymopapain‐Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction
Authors: He Yan‐Hong , Li Hai‐Hong , Chen Yan‐Li , Xue Yang , Yuan Yi , Guan Zhi
Published: February 2012

Chymopapain, a cysteine proteinase isolated from the latex of the unripe fruits of Carica papaya, displays a promiscuous activity to catalyze the direct asymmetric aldol reactions of aromatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes with cyclic and acyclic ketones in acetonitrile in the presence of a phosphate buffer. The excellent enantioselectivities of up to 96% ee and high diastereoselectivities of up to >99:1 (anti/syn) were achieved. The novel catalytic promiscuity of chymopapain widens the applicability of this biocatalyst in organic synthesis.
Sulfonic Acid‐Catalyzed Autoxidative Carbon‐Carbon Coupling Reaction under Elevated Partial Pressure of Oxygen
Authors: Pintér Áron , Klussmann Martin
Published: February 2012

An aerobic organocatalytic oxidative CC bond formation reaction of benzylic CH bonds with various C‐nucleophiles is described. The coupling reaction proceeds by simply stirring the substrates under elevated partial pressure of oxygen in the presence of a sulfonic acid catalyst at room temperature. Elevation of the pressure enables the reaction of a broad scope of nucleophile substrates otherwise showing poor reactivity at ambient pressure. The benzylic CH bonds of xanthene, acridanes, isochromane and related heterocycles could be functionalized with nucleophiles including ketones, 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds and aldehydes. Electron‐rich arenes could be utilized as nucleophiles at elevated temperatures. The reactions are believed to proceed via autoxidation of the benzylic CH bonds to the hydroperoxides and subsequent nucleophilic substitution catalyzed by sulfonic acids.