bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alu hypomethylation in naturally and surgically postmenopausal women; a cross-sectional study
Authors: Siriprapanonkul Pattarawadee , Orprayoon Nalina , Tuntiviriyapun Punkavee , Phutrakool Phanupong , Jaisamrarn Unnop , Mutirangura Apiwat , Chaikittisilpa Sukanya
Published: August 2022

Menopause, which may accelerate the hallmarks of the natural aging process, represents a point in time characterized by the permanent cessation of menstruation following the loss of ovarian estrogen production. Unlike natural menopause, which is characterized by a gradual decrease in estrogen production, when both ovaries are removed before the natural age of menopause, the onset of estrogen deprivation is abrupt. Further, a decrease in genome methylation frequently occurs in aging cells, and the major interspersed repetitive DNA elements in humans are Alu elements. In blood cells, Alu demethylation starts at an age of approximately 40 years, and increases with age. Here, we explored the Alu methylation levels corresponding to age-matched pre-menopausal, naturally postmenopausal, and surgically postmenopausal women aged 45–55 years (n = 60 in each group). Our results indicated that the body mass index (BMI), time-since-menopause, and Alu methylation levels corresponding to the three groups were significantly different. However, no correlations between Alu methylation level and BMI, time-since-menopause, or age were observed. Additionally, the Alu methylation level corresponding to the natural post-menopause group was significantly lower those corresponding to the pre-menopausal (p = 0.001) and surgical post-menopausal (p = 0.037) groups. In conclusion, Alu hypomethylation occurs in naturally postmenopausal women, implying that when women reach the age of natural menopause, the cell aging process may progress significantly with genome hypomethylation. These findings, notwithstanding, further studies are necessary to clarify whether bilateral oophorectomy before the age of menopause affects the cell aging process to a greater extent than natural menopause, and whether estrogen therapy or other interventions can delay cell aging in this regard.
Measuring the impact of social-distancing, testing, and undetected asymptomatic cases on the diffusion of COVID-19
Authors: Jeon Seungyoo
Published: August 2022

The key to overcoming COVID-19 lies, arguably, in the diffusion process of confirmed cases. In view of this, this study has two main aims: first, to investigate the unique characteristics of COVID-19—for the existence of asymptomatic cases—and second, to determine the best strategy to suppress the diffusion of COVID-19. To this end, this study proposes a new compartmental model—the SICUR model—which can address undetected asymptomatic cases and considers the three main drivers of the diffusion of COVID-19: the degree of social distancing, the speed of testing, and the detection rate of infected cases. Taking each country’s situation into account, it is suggested that susceptible cases can be classified into two categories based on their sources of occurrence: internal and external factors. The results show that the ratio of undetected asymptomatic cases to infected cases will, ceteris paribus, be 6.9% for South Korea and 22.4% for the United States. This study also quantitatively shows that to impede the diffusion of COVID-19: firstly, strong social distancing is necessary when the detection rate is high, and secondly, fast testing is effective when the detection rate is low.
Integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses unveil tanshinone biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza root under N starvation stress
Authors: Lu Li-Lan , Zhang Yu-Xiu , Yang Yan-Fang
Published: August 2022

Salvia miltiorrhiza is a model plant for Chinese herbal medicine with significant pharmacologic effects due to its tanshinone components. Our previous study indicated that nitrogen starvation stress increased its tanshinone content. However, the molecular mechanism of this low nitrogen-induced tanshinone biosynthesis is still unclear. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of tanshinone biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza under different N conditions [N-free (N0), low-N (Nl), and full-N (Nf, as control) conditions] by using transcriptome and metabolome analyses. Our results showed 3,437 and 2,274 differentially expressed unigenes between N0 and Nf as well as Nl and Nf root samples, respectively. N starvation (N0 and Nl) promoted the expression of the genes involved in the MVA and MEP pathway of tanshinone and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis. Gene ontology and KEGG analyses revealed that terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, hormone signal transduction, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were promoted under N starvation conditions, whereas starch and sucrose metabolisms, nitrogen and phosphorus metabolisms, as well as membrane development were inhibited. Furthermore, metabolome analysis showed that metabolite compounds and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites were upregulated. This study provided a novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of tanshinone production in S. miltiorrhiza in response to nitrogen stress.
Schistosoma mansoni and soil-transmitted helminths among schoolchildren in An-Nadirah District, Ibb Governorate, Yemen after a decade of preventive chemotherapy
Authors: Al-Murisi Walid M. S. , Al-Mekhlafi Abdulsalam M. , Mahdy Mohammed A. K. , Al-Haidari Sami Ahmed , Annuzaili Dhekra A. , Thabit Ahmed Ali Qaid
Published: August 2022

The Ministry of Public Health in Yemen continues the implementation of school and community–based preventive chemotherapy with praziquantel and albendazole for the control and elimination of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths (STH). The latest remapping to update the distribution of schistosomiasis and STH was conducted seven years ago. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, intensity and associated risk factors of Schistosoma mansoni and STH among schoolchildren in An-Nadirah District, Ibb Governorate, Yemen. A cross-sectional study was carried out among schoolchildren aged 6–15 years in four selected schools. Biological, demographic, socioeconomic and environmental data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. S. mansoni and STH eggs were detected and counted by the microscopic examination of Kato-Katz fecal smears. Out of 417 schoolchildren, 17.0% were infected with at least one intestinal helminth. Prevalence of S. mansoni and STH were 6.5% and 9.1%, respectively. The most prevalent parasite among STH was Ascaris lumbricoides (8.4%). Unemployed fathers (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 3.2; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.23, 8.52; P = 0.018), eating exposed food (AOR: 2.9; 95%CI = 1.24, 6.89; P = 0.014), not washing hands before eating and after defecation (AOR: 4.8; 95%CI = 1.77, 12.81; P = 0.002), and schools located close to water stream (AOR: 22.1; 95%CI = 5.12, 95.46; P <0.001) were independent risk factors of ascariasis. Swimming in ponds/stream (AOR: 3.9; 95%CI = 1.63, 9.55; P = 0.002), and schools close to the stream (AOR: 24.7; 95%CI = 3.05, 200.07; P = 0.003) were independent risk factors of intestinal schistosomiasis. The present study does not indicate a reduction in the prevalence of intestinal schistosomiasis in this rural area since the latest remapping conducted in 2014, although ascariasis was reduced by half. The prevalence of the two parasites was highly focal in areas close to the valley, suggesting a significant role of the stream in sustaining and accelerating the parasitic infection. Children practicing swimming and having poor hygienic practices were at high exposure to S. mansoni and A. lumbricoides, respectively. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene intervention, school–based health education, and snail control, in addition to mass drug administration, will help in the interruption of transmission of schistosomiasis and STH.
A network pharmacology-based approach to explore the therapeutic potential of Sceletium tortuosum in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Luo Yangwen , Shan Luchen , Xu Lipeng , Patnala Srinivas , Kanfer Isadore , Li Jiahao , Yu Pei , Jun Xu
Published: August 2022

Sceletium tortuosum (SCT) has been utilized medicinally by indigenous Koi-San people purportedly for mood elevation. SCT extracts are reported to be neuroprotective and have efficacy in improving cognition. However, it is still unclear which of the pharmacological mechanisms of SCT contribute to the therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative disorders. Hence, this study investigated two aspects–firstly, the abilities of neuroprotective sub-fractions from SCT on scavenging radicals, inhibiting some usual targets relevant to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or Parkinson’s disease (PD), and secondly utilizing the network pharmacology related methods to search probable mechanisms using Surflex-Dock program to show the key targets and corresponding SCT constituents. The results indicated sub-fractions from SCT could scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR). Furthermore, the results of gene ontology and docking analyses indicated the key targets involved in the probable treatment of AD or PD might be AChE, MAO-B, NMDAR subunit2B (GluN2B-NMDAR), adenosine A2A receptor and cannabinoid receptor 2, and the corresponding constituents in Sceletium tortuosum might be N-trans-feruloyl-3-methyldopamine, dihydrojoubertiamine and other mesembrine type alkaloids. In summary, this study has provided new evidence for the therapeutic potential of SCT in the treatment of AD or PD, as well as the key targets and notable constituents in SCT. Therefore, we propose SCT could be a natural chemical resource for lead compounds in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
An Arginine-Rich Motif in the ORF2 capsid protein regulates the hepatitis E virus lifecycle and interactions with the host cell
Authors: Hervouet Kévin , Ferrié Martin , Ankavay Maliki , Montpellier Claire , Camuzet Charline , Alexandre Virginie , Dembélé Aïcha , Lecoeur Cécile , Foe Arnold Thomas , Bouquet Peggy , Hot David , Vausselin Thibaut , Saliou Jean-Michel , Salomé-Desnoulez Sophie , Vandeputte Alexandre , Marsollier Laurent , Brodin Priscille , Dreux Marlène , Rouillé Yves , Dubuisson Jean , Aliouat-Denis Cécile-Marie , Cocquerel Laurence
Published: August 2022

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. Hepatitis E is usually asymptomatic and self-limiting but it can become chronic in immunocompromised patients and is associated with increased fulminant hepatic failure and mortality rates in pregnant women. HEV genome encodes three proteins including the ORF2 protein that is the viral capsid protein. Interestingly, HEV produces 3 isoforms of the ORF2 capsid protein which are partitioned in different subcellular compartments and perform distinct functions in the HEV lifecycle. Notably, the infectious ORF2 (ORF2i) protein is the structural component of virions, whereas the genome-free secreted and glycosylated ORF2 proteins likely act as a humoral immune decoy. Here, by using a series of ORF2 capsid protein mutants expressed in the infectious genotype 3 p6 HEV strain as well as chimeras between ORF2 and the CD4 glycoprotein, we demonstrated how an Arginine-Rich Motif (ARM) located in the ORF2 N-terminal region controls the fate and functions of ORF2 isoforms. We showed that the ARM controls ORF2 nuclear translocation likely to promote regulation of host antiviral responses. This motif also regulates the dual topology and functionality of ORF2 signal peptide, leading to the production of either cytosolic infectious ORF2i or reticular non-infectious glycosylated ORF2 forms. It serves as maturation site of glycosylated ORF2 by furin, and promotes ORF2-host cell membrane interactions. The identification of ORF2 ARM as a unique central regulator of the HEV lifecycle uncovers how viruses settle strategies to condense their genetic information and hijack cellular processes.
Effectiveness of gel formulation of capa leaf (Blumea balsamifera L.) on wound healing in white rats
Authors: Masyudi Masyudi , Hanafiah Muhammad , Usman Said , Marlina Marlina
Published: August 2022

Background and Aim: The capa plant (Blumea balsamifera L.) has been widely used as a traditional herbal medicine in many parts of the world, including South Aceh, Indonesia. It is generally used for wound healing due to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, it is only available as extract or oil, and no gel formulation exists so far. Thus, in this study, we formulated the extract into a pharmaceutical gel and investigated its effectiveness in healing incision wounds in white rats (Rattus norvegicus).

Materials and Methods: We collected B. balsamifera leaf samples from Gunongpulo village, South Aceh, Indonesia. We then produced leaf extract through maceration and formulated the extract into a gel using Carbopol 940, methylparaben, triethanolamine, and propylene glycol. We applied the gel to incision wounds in white rats for 7 and 14 days. We then monitored wound healing based on wound length, histology of skin tissues, and levels of cytokine 2 (interleukin-2 [IL-2]).

Results: The gel formulation K3 (10% B. balsamifera leaf extract) was the most effective, followed by the gel formulations K2 (5% B. balsamifera leaf extract) and K4 (1% gentamicin ointment, positive control). K3 reduced wound length by 14 mm on day 7 and 29 mm on day 14. Histological analysis showed that fibroblast growth and angiogenesis were most significant in the K3-treated group, exceeding that of the positive control group. The K3-treated group also had the highest IL-2 levels, with an average of 107.7767 ng/L on day 7 and 119.1900 ng/L on day 14.

Conclusion: The 10% B. balsamifera leaf gel effectively reduced wound length, increased fibroblast cell growth and angiogenesis, and IL-2 levels, accelerating wound healing.
Changes in Physiological Condition of Broiler Chickens Sprayed with Water before Transportation
Authors: Sara U , Rahardja D P , Sonjaya H , Azhar M
Published: August 2022

Transportation to the slaughterhouse is a series of processes that can cause high levels of stress in broilers. Heat stress will increase if the distance between the farm and the slaughterhouse is far. One of the solutions to overcome heat stress due to transportation is to do watering a few minutes before the transportation so that the broilers are still able to maintain their homeostatic conditions. This study aims to determine the effect of watering methods before transportation with different distances on the haematological, hormonal, and quality status of broiler chickens. This study was arranged based on a factorial randomized block design (RAK). A total of 54 broilers of the Cobb strain aged 35 days were divided into 2 treatments, namely; without watering (P0) and watering (P1). Chickens in each treatment were transported to the poultry slaughterhouse with 2 different distances; 30km (J1) and 60km (J2), as well as 1 control treatment (without transport) (J0). Watering is done just before the transportation process. The results showed that the transportation distance increased the yellowness value (b*) of the breast meat, decreased the brightness value (L*), and increased the pH of the broiler thigh meat (P0.05). Hematocrit values, hemoglobin levels, and concentrations of the hormone triiodothyronine (T3), other meat color components, as well as the pH of the breast meat, did not change significantly, both in terms of watering, distance traveled, and the interaction between the two (P0.05). The solution of water spraying before transportation on different distances could not restore the hematology and hormonal status, as well as the meat quality of the broiler.Â  However, the decline in meat quality was shown in transported broilers.
Influence of Duck Eggshell Nano-Calcium Fortification on the Chemical Quality of Beef Sausage
Authors: Prayitno Agus Hadi , Rukmi Dyah Laksito , Widiyawati Agatha , Prasetyo Budi
Published: August 2022

Duck eggshells are one of bio-wastes from poultry industry and householdÂ  that have been disposed. Duck eggshells contain high calcium which can be applied as an alternative source of daily calcium for the body. Nanostructured duck eggshell calcium can be used as a food additive in beef sausage processing. This study was conducted to determine the chemical quality of beef sausage fortified by duck eggshell nano-calcium. The materials include beef, soy protein isolate, palm oil, garlic, salt, pepper, shallot, onion, tapioca, monosodium glutamate, sodium tripolyphosphate, nutmeg, coriander, frankfurter, sugar, duck eggshell nano-calcium, ice, and nano-structured duck eggshell. Treatments for fortification of duck eggshell nano-calcium were 0; 0.15; 0.3; 0.45; and 0.6% of the total dough. Parameters tested were moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrate, fiber, ash, sugar, calcium, sodium, and energy of the sausage. Each treatment consisted of 5 replications. Data collected was analyzed by analysis of variance using completely randomized design and if there was significant different (P0.01) then further tested by the Duncan's New Multiple Range Test. Results showed that the fortification of duck eggshell nano-calcium had a highly significant effect (P0.01) on protein, fat, ash, sugar, calcium, and sodium, but did not affect moisture, carbohydrate, fiber, and energy of beef sausage. Fortification of duck eggshell nano-calcium up to 0.6%Â  increased protein, ash, dan calcium but decreased fat, sugar, and sodium of beef sausage.
Application of Microsatellite Markers for Genetic Diversity Analysis of Indonesian Local Cattle
Authors: Hariyono Dwi
Published: August 2022

Animal genetic resources (AnGR), including cattle, have been valuable national assets that need to be preserved and developed. There are at least 16 recognized breeds of cattle that have been registered as local and new breeds by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia. Conservation and development programs of these local cattle breeds require basic information regarding their genetic diversity, relationships, and structures. There are several types of DNA markers that can be used for genetic diversity analysis, such as microsatellite markers. Microsatellites or short tandem repeats (STRs) are a group of DNA sequences consisting of tandemly repeated units (1–6 bp), which are abundant throughout the genome and can be found in both coding and non-coding regions. The primary advantages of microsatellites are that they are inherited in a Mendelian pattern (codominant markers), high polymorphism rates, and high abundances throughout the genome. The aim of this review is to discuss the application of microsatellite markers for genetic diversity analysis in Indonesian local cattle based on 3 indices: number alleles per locus, expected heterozygosity (He), and polymorphisms information content (PIC). There are at least 28 microsatellite markers that have been studied in Indonesian local cattle, with the number of alleles per locus ranging from 2 to 32, He values ranging from 0.100 to 0.985, and PIC values from 0.095 to 0.935. Based on the PIC values, several microsatellites are classified as highly informative, e.g. BM1824, ILST6, TGLA126, TGLA53, TGLA227, TGLA122, ETH225, INRA23, SPS113, SPS115, BM1818, CSSM66, ETH10, INRA005, INRA037, ETH185, HEL017, and ILSTS029. Therefore, these microsatellite markers can be potentially used for future genetic diversity analysis of other breeds of cattle.
AQUINO, Orlando Fernandez; PUENTES, Roberto Valdéz. Trabalho didático na Universidade: estratégias de formação. Campinas: Alínea, 2011. 146p.
Authors: Karwoski Acir Mário , Santos Benedita Kátia de Araújo
Published: August 2022

AQUINO, Orlando Fernandez; PUENTES, Roberto Valdéz. Trabalho didático na Universidade: estratégias de formação. Campinas: Alínea, 2011. 146p.
              Um dos mais novos trabalhos publicados pelos professores Orlando Fernández Aquino e Roberto Valdéz Puentes intitula-se Trabalho Didático na Universidade: estratégias de formação e apresenta como proposta a estratégia de trabalho metodológico para formação do docente universitário no contexto do desenvolvimento em serviço. O trabalho metodológico é, segundo os autores, além de um processo dinâmico e complexo, processo que pode ser utilizado com outras finalidades tais como: a gestão estratégica do processo de ensino-aprendizagem-pesquisa e a elevação da qualidade da formação dos futuros profissionais e dos profissionais em serviço.
               [...]
               Na introdução, os autores destacam a importância da atuação docente na Universidade e apresentam a visão atual a respeito da educação superior e suas instituições. Destacam a inserção das instituições de educação superior na sociedade do conhecimento. O esgotamento do paradigma predominante impede de ver o global e o essencial. Em seu lugar, ganha força o conhecimento interdisciplinar e politransdisciplinar; surge um novo paradigma sociocultural, pós-moderno (emergente e complexo) que busca a organização do saber e a democratização do conhecimento por meio de uma reforma do pensamento. Citam ainda o amparo do trabalho metodológico para os processos de gestão universitária; ensino aprendizagem; pesquisa; produção científica e extensão universitária (p.12). Segundo os autores, “sem instituições de educação superior e de pesquisa capazes de formar um corpo crítico de profissionais, qualificado e culto, a sociedade moderna não poderá garantir um desenvolvimento autêntico e sustentável” (p.13).
Data de registro:29/04/2012
Data de aceite:08/02/2013
Metodología para identificar zonas y estructuras elevadas con mayor cantidad de impactos de rayos en Barrancabermeja-Yondó
Authors: Ardila Murillo Brandon Steven , Soto Ríos Edison Andrés
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Este trabajo presenta una metodología para determinar los sitios y las estructuras elevadas con mayor cantidad de impactos de rayo (hotspots) en Barrancabermeja y Yondó.
Metodología: Se parte de la división de la superficie de estos dos municipios en polígonos de 600 metros. De esta forma, a través de la información de actividad de rayos (impactos nube-tierra) proporcionada por la Red Colombiana de Detección Total de Rayos - LINET entre enero de 2016 y febrero de 2020, se determinó el número de impactos por polígono, lo que permitió identificar los hotspots en las zonas de estudio Así mismo, se identificaron y localizaron estructuras elevadas como torres de transmisión, antenas de telecomunicaciones y edificaciones, y se estableció para cada una de ellas un radio de influencia de 300 m, teniendo en cuenta el error medio de localización de la Red LINET, de esta manera se determinaron las 20 estructuras con mayor número de impactos de rayo.
Resultados: Se encontraron los polígonos con mayor actividad de rayos, de los cuales 34 se ubican en Barrancabermeja y 235 en Yondó, lo que concuerda con mapas de densidad de descargas a tierra hechos en la zona en donde se presenta un aumento en la cantidad de descargas por kilómetro cuadrado por año en Yondó, en comparación con Barrancabermeja. Se localizaron 616 estructuras elevadas en los municipios de Barrancabermeja y Yondó de las cuales se escogieron las 20 con mayor cantidad de impactos de rayo que corresponden en un 50 % a torres de transmisión, siendo la estructura de mayor número de impactos una torre de transmisión de 70 m de altura localizada en límites de los dos municipios de estudio con un total de 68 impactos.
Conclusiones: De las 27 estructuras elevadas encontradas en Yondó, solo 6 se ubican en algún hotspot, lo que muestra que en este municipio la presencia de alguna estructura elevada no garantiza un hotspot y que los sitios de mayor actividad de rayos no se ven influenciados por la presencia de estructuras elevadas. Ahora bien, para el caso de Barrancabermeja se hallaron 10 estructuras elevadas en un hotspot, de las cuales 7 están en el casco urbano donde se encontraron 9 hotspots, de donde se infiere que, en este municipio, el urbanismo y la presencia de estructuras elevadas si aumentan la actividad de rayos. 
Financiamiento: Universidad Industrial de Santander.
Least energy sign-changing solutions for Schrödinger-Poisson systems with potential well
Authors: Chen Xiao-Ping , Tang Chun-Lei
Published: August 2022

In this article, we investigate the existence of least energy sign-changing solutions for the following Schrödinger-Poisson system

−
Δ
u
+
V

(

x

)

u
+
K

(

x

)

ϕ
u
=
f

(

u

)

,

x
∈

R

3

,

−
Δ
ϕ
=
K

(

x

)

u

2

,

x
∈

R

3

,

\left\{\begin{array}{ll}-\Delta u+V\left(x)u+K\left(x)\phi u=f\left(u),\hspace{1.0em}& x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{3},\\ -\Delta \phi =K\left(x){u}^{2},\hspace{1.0em}& x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{3},\\ \hspace{1.0em}\end{array}\right.

where the functions

V

(

x

)

,
K

(

x

)

V\left(x),K\left(x)

have finite limits as

∣
x
∣
→
∞

| x| \to \infty

satisfying some mild assumptions. By combining variational methods with the global compactness lemma, we obtain a least energy sign-changing solution with exactly two nodal domains, and its energy is strictly larger than twice that of least energy solutions.
Diselenide-derivative of 3-pyridinol targets redox enzymes leading to cell cycle deregulation and apoptosis in A549 cells
Authors: Gandhi Vishwa V. , Bihani Subhash C. , Phadnis Prasad P. , Kunwar Amit
Published: August 2022

The aim of present study was to understand the mechanism of action of 2,2′-diselenobis(3-pyridinol) or DISPOL in human lung cancer (A549) cells. A549 cells were treated with 10 µM (∼IC50) of DISPOL for varying time points to corelate the intracellular redox changes with its cytotoxic effect. The results indicated that DISPOL treatment led to a time dependant decrease in the basal level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, DISPOL treatment elevated the ratio of reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) glutathione by upregulating gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase (γ-GCL) involved in GSH biosynthesis and inhibiting the activities of redox enzymes responsible for GSH utilization and recycling, such as glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR). Molecular docking analysis suggests putative interactions of DISPOL with GST and GR which could account for its inhibitory effect on these enzymes. Further, DISPOL induced reductive environment preceded G1 arrest and apoptosis as evidenced by decreased expression of cell cycle genes (Cyclin D1 and Cyclin E1) and elevation of p21 and apoptotic markers (cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved PARP). The combinatorial experiments involving DISPOL and redox modulatory agents such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) indeed confirmed the role of reductive stress in DISPOL-induced cell death. Finally, Lipinski’s rule suggests attributes of drug likeness in DISPOL. Taken together, DISPOL exhibits a novel mechanism of reductive stress-mediated cell death in A549 cells that warrants future exploration as anticancer agent.
Diagnostic approach to fetal ventriculomegaly
Authors: D’Addario Vincenzo
Published: August 2022

Ventriculomegaly (VM) is defined as an enlargement of the lateral ventricles of the developing fetal brain. The diagnosis is easily made by measuring the lateral ventricle width at the level of the atrium, which is normally <10 mm. VM is defined as mild when the atrial width is 10–12 mm, moderate 12–15 mm, severe >15 mm. VM is a non-specific sonographic sign which is common to different pathological entities and genetic conditions. When no associated anomaly can be found VM is defined as isolated. Since the prognosis of fetal VM mainly depends on the presence of associated anomalies, a careful diagnostic approach is necessary to rule out CNS and extra- CNS fetal anomalies. Magnetic Resonance Imaging can be a useful diagnostic tool complementary to ultrasound in order to recognize subtle brain anomalies, particularly cortical disorders. In this review the diagnostic approach to fetal VM will be discussed starting from ultrasound screening, moving to neurosonographic and MRI examination and genetic evaluation, in order to recognize the cause of VM and offer the appropriate counselling to the parents.
Inverse relationship between IL-6 and sodium levels in patients with COVID-19 and other respiratory tract infections: data from the COVIVA study
Authors: Atila Cihan , Monnerat Sophie , Bingisser Roland , Siegemund Martin , Lampart Maurin , Rueegg Marco , Zellweger Núria , Osswald Stefan , Rentsch Katharina , Christ-Crain Mirjam , Twerenbold Raphael
Published: August 2022

Objective

Hyponatremia in COVID-19 is often due to the syndrome of inadequate antidiuresis (SIAD), possibly mediated by interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced non-osmotic arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion. We hypothesized an inverse association between IL-6 and plasma sodium concentration, stronger in COVID-19 compared to other respiratory infections.

Design

Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study including patients with COVID-19 suspicion admitted to the Emergency Department, University Hospital of Basel, Switzerland, between March and July 2020.

Methods

We included patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 and patients with similar symptoms, further subclassified into bacterial and other viral respiratory infections. The primary objective was to investigate the association between plasma sodium and IL-6 levels.

Results

A total of 500 patients were included, 184 (37%) with COVID-19, 92 (18%) with bacterial respiratory infections, and 224 (45%) with other viral respiratory infections. In all groups, median (IQR) IL-6 levels were significantly higher in hyponatremic compared to normonatremic patients (COVID-19: 43.4 (28.4, 59.8) vs 9.2 (2.8, 32.7) pg/mL, P < 0.001; bacterial: 122.1 (63.0, 282.0) vs 67.1 (24.9, 252.0) pg/mL, P < 0.05; viral: 14.1 (6.9, 84.7) vs 4.3 (2.1, 14.4) pg/mL, P < 0.05). IL-6 levels were negatively correlated with plasma sodium levels in COVID-19, whereas the correlation in bacterial and other viral infections was weaker (COVID-19: R = −0.48, P < 0.001; bacterial: R = −0.25, P = 0.05, viral: R = −0.27, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

IL-6 levels were inversely correlated with plasma sodium levels, with a stronger correlation in COVID-19 compared to bacterial and other viral infections. IL-6 might stimulate AVP secretion and lead to higher rates of hyponatremia due to the SIAD in these patients.
LEGAL INSTRUMENTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY SYSTEM: INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LEVELS
Authors:   State Organization “V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of NAS of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kirin R.S.
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of legal instruments for the implementation of strategic directions of the city’s environmental security system based on the separation of relevant blocks of international and European levels, including certain activities and facilities that are formed in the context of globalization and social transformation. An analysis of the basic sources of Environmental law and Urban law, which allowed to identify the main legal urbanenvironmental and modern environmental-urban instruments, respectively. A close coherence of urban provisions in modern strategic programs of European Environmental law has been established. At the same time, the saturation of environmental standards of the latest European documents and initiatives in the field of urban relations is even more obvious. counteract these negative consequences, but also about these relations. Along with strategic legal instruments for the development of urban environmental security in the form of strategies, declarations, concepts, charters, treaties, agreements, resolutions, commitments, the European Union uses their operational groups — programs, plans, agendas, initiatives, platforms, sections, titles, awards, meetings, forums, conferences. It is argued that international and European experience will be extremely important for Ukraine in the process of restoring the environmental security of cities that have been affected by the military.
ВТРАТИ ЛЮДСЬКОГО КАПІТАЛУ ВНАСЛІДОК ВІЙНИ ЯК ЗАГРОЗА ПОВОЄННІЙ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: АНТОНЮК Валентина
Published: August 2022

Проаналізовано втрати людського капіталу в умовах війни в контексті загроз повоєнному відновленню економіки України. Обґрунтовано пріоритетну роль людського капіталу в модернізації сучасної економіки й забезпеченні економічного зростання. Досліджено витоки цивілізаційного конфлікту між Україною і Росією, який у 2022 р. переріс у розв’язану РФ повномасштабну війну, яка загрожує існуванню Української держави і нації. Систематизовано ризики війни для відтворення людського капіталу за основними аспектами його формування: збереження здоров’я і життя, підтримка нормального функціонування родини, збереження і функціонування соціальної інфраструктури, умов і можливостей реалізації людського капіталу. Висвітлено втрати людського капіталу України внаслідок гібридної війни на її території протягом 2014––2021 рр., які призвели до великих втрат ВВП, значного зменшення чисельності населення, масової вимушеної внутрішньої міграції і суттєвого скорочення інвестицій у людський розвиток. Зроблено аналіз поточної ситуації відтворення ЛК в умовах повномасштабної війни РФ проти України 2022 р. Досліджено канали основних втрат ЛК: демографічні втрати населення; звуження сфери зайнятості, що обмежує використання сформованих продуктивних здібностей робочої сили; руйнування освітньої інфраструктури, яка є критичною для формування людських активів; загрози потенційних втрат ЛК від вимушеної зовнішньої міграції. Висвітлено стан національного ринку праці, перспективну потребу повоєнної економіки у висококваліфікованих фахівцях. Проаналізовано наслідки втрат людського капіталу для можливостей кадрового забезпечення повоєнного відновлення і модернізації економіки. Визначено пріоритетні завдання й заходи із збереження і нагромадження людського капіталу України у воєнний і повоєнний періоди.
ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД ПОВОЄННОЇ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ І УРОКИ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: ГУМЕНЮК Василь
Published: August 2022

Висвітлено політико-економічні та соціальні умови і чинники, що визначали завдання і напрями трансформації органів влади в Німеччині, Японії та Південній Кореї після Другої світової війни. Обґрунтовано особливості формування їх національних моделей державного управління, зроблено деякі висновки з їх досвіду, що можуть бути корисними для України. Виокремлено особливості такого досвіду, за якими можна ідентифікувати побудову різних за інституційним забезпеченням моделей державного управління. Показано, що відмінності таких моделей мали історичні витоки, а самі моделі формувалися за специфічних для кожної країни обставин, що позначилося на механізмах і наслідках їх впливу на повоєнний розвиток держави і її місце в глобальному світі.
Висвітлено роль і шляхи реалізації міжнародної допомоги для створення ефективної системи публічного врядування, зокрема управління реалізацією донорських планів і програм економічного розвитку, приділено увагу досвіду управління «планом Маршалла» в  післявоєнній Європі на прикладі Західної Німеччини. Досвід Японії і Південної Кореї дозволяє з’ясувати можливості й загрози консервативних, авторитарних і ліберальних підходів до організації державного управління в умовах повоєнної розрухи, що безпосередньо впливають на ефективність врядування і формування  економічної моделі розвитку держави.
Зроблено висновки, що можуть бути корисними для України, зокрема, про: необхідність формування спроможної влади на меритократичних засадах з дотриманням принципів державного управління для відбудови економіки країни після війни; значення довіри населення до влади як ключового чинника ефективності публічного управління; вирішальну роль міжнародної підтримки і допомоги й належного її використання для успішного післявоєнного відновлення і розвитку країни; безумовну пріоритетність цілей політики, спрямованих на розвиток демократії і розумне регулювання економіки задля головної мети держави – забезпечення безпеки і високих стандартів життя населення.
ПРИРОДНО-РЕСУРСНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ І РИНКОВЕ СЕРЕДОВИЩЕ: ТЕОРІЯ Й ПРАКТИКА
Authors: ХВЕСИК Михайло , СУНДУК Анатолій
Published: August 2022

Досліджено особливості позиціювання природного ресурсу в сучасному постіндустріальному середовищі. Виокремлено сировинні й ринкові позиції природних ресурсів, розроблено алгоритм їх інтеграції у зону впливу ринку, що передбачає проходження природним ресурсом у межах ринкового середовища ряду етапів (формацій). Етапами позиціювання природного ресурсу в зоні впливу ринку є: підприємницька діяльність, формування ринку природно-ресурсних активів, природний ресурс як актив ринкової економіки, поширення платформенних ринків. Досліджено особливості локалізації природного ресурсу в межах етапів. Акцентовано, що з проходженням цих формацій природний ресурс посилює спроможність генерувати грошові потоки і формувати прибуток. Важливою у цьому процесі є участь бізнес-структур.
Існує необхідність у врахуванні супровідних процесів, зокрема капіталізації і корпоратизації природних ресурсів. Показано, що рівень капіталізації природних ресурсів є нижчим за пороговий показник. Для посилення корпоратизації важливо розвивати інституціональне забезпечення. Значною є участь місцевих громад у процесі розвитку корпоратизації для локального рівня.
Досліджено особливості платформенних ринків за участі природних ресурсів. Важливою умовою розвитку подібних ринків є врахування, поряд з технологічною, й інформаційної складової. Виокремлено рівні функціонування платформенних ринків для природних ресурсів. Окреслено передумови для інтеграції природних ресурсів у зону впливу ринку в цілому і становлення платформенних ринків зокрема, основними серед яких є розбудова належного інституціонального середовища і формування інформаційних інструментів розвитку.
Kolory Ofiary – akwarelowe malarstwo pasyjne Danyły Mowczana
Authors:   naukowiec niezależny, Poznań, Polska, Szot Zofia
Published: August 2022

Ukrainian-born Danylo Movchan is one of the most interesting contemporary artists working in the field of sacred art. His work derives from the art of the Eastern Church and ranges from icon painting through portraits to allegorical and mythological representations. Among his works, characterised by minimalism and the use of light backgrounds, works in watercolour stand out. Referring to the artist’s Passion representations, I present an interpretation of the works, analysing the formal techniques employed by Movchan, with particular reference to the way in which he uses water colours. I look successively at the depictions of the crucifixion, descent from the cross, lamentation and entombment. I address issues such as biblical history, dogma, the emotionality of the depictions and the relationship between Jesus and the viewer contemplating the image. In the text, I try to prove that in Movchan’s art, both iconography and the form of the artwork play an almost equal role in conveying events and scenes of a religious nature and reflections connected with them.
Alerting Effect of Light: A Review of Daytime Studies
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Germany, Alwalidi Margarita , Hoffmann Sabine ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Germany
Published: August 2022

Light affects humans beyond only image formation. Several studies have reported that light can increase daytime alertness and can therefore be positively utilized to counter daytime fatigue and increase productivity in workspaces. This systematic review summarized and analysed relevant literature that investigated the daytime alerting effect of light. Using keywords “alertness” and “light” in the title we retrieved a total of 142 studies via three search engines. Out of 142 studies, only 26 investigated the alerting effect of light during daytime. Six studies were excluded from the review based on the exclusion criteria. We reviewed twenty articles from the year 1991 until 2022 that have investigated the alerting effect of polychromatic and monochromatic light sources. Only seven out of twenty studies found an alerting effect that was recorded through positive self-assessment or enhancement of cognitive processes. The studies in which the lighting application would be transferrable for office use were highlighted. A specific common trend regarding the enhancement of alertness was not detected, as different lighting conditions and protocols were applied in the reviewed studies. More studies that investigate the effect of polychromatic light with intensities and spectral compositions that are suitable for application in realistic working environments are necessary to determine whether the daytime alerting effect of light will be significant.
Results of a study of the effectiveness of direct coronary oxygen persufflation as a donor heart conditioning method
Authors: Zhulkov M. O. , Sirota D. A. , Zykov I. S. , Sabetov A. K. , Agaeva K. A. , Makaev А. G. , Osintsev D. M. , Nadeev A. P. , Kliver V. Е. , Kliver E. E. , Volkov A. M. , Tarkova A. R. , Fomichev А. V. , Chernyavsky A. M.
Published: August 2022

Objective: to evaluate the technical feasibility as well as functional, metabolic and structural integrity of donor heart myocardium after 4 hours of direct intracoronary oxygen persufflation in an experiment. Materials and methods. Mini-pig siblings aged 3 months with a body weight of 23–36 kg were used as the experimental model. In the control group (n = 8), donor hearts were cold preserved by injecting 2 liters of Bretschneider cardioplegic solution (Custodiol®, Germany, HTK) into the aortic root. In the experimental group (n = 8), modified HTK solution (with 40 mg/L hyaluronidase added) was used to initiate cardioplegia, then moistened carbogen (95% O2, 5% CO2) was injected into the ascending aorta, maintaining 40–45 mm Hg aortic root pressure. The hearts were stored in an mHTK solution at 0–4 °С. After 3 hours of donor heart preservation, orthotopic heart transplantation (OHTx) was performed. In the post-transplant period, we studied central hemodynamic parameters, myocardial oxygen consumption, level of myocardial ischemia markers (troponin I, TnI; creatine phosphokinase-MB, CPKMB; lactate dehydrogenase, LDH), and histological signs of structural cellular injury. Results. Sixteen OHTx surgeries were performed during the study. At 120 minutes after restoration of spontaneous cardiac activity, cardiac output was 2.99 [4.85; 3.17] L/min and 2.48 [2.04; 2.92] L/min (p > 0.05) in the control and experimental groups, respectively. Changes in LDH, TnI and lactate levels in the blood flowing from the coronary sinus were significantly higher in the early reperfusion period. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). Myocardial oxygen consumption in the control and experimental groups was 8.2 [7.35; 9.35] ml-O2/min/100 g and 7.7 [6.75; 10.12] ml-O2/min/100 g, respectively (p > 0.05). Morphological examinations also showed no significant myocardial ischemia injury in the persufflation group compared to the control group. Conclusion. The experiment showed the technical feasibility and safety of direct intracoronary oxygen persufflation for 4 hours at the ex vivo donor heart conditioning stage. At the same time, experimental data showed no significant advantages of coronary persufflation over the standard protocol of cold preservation of donor heart with Bretschneider cardioplegic solution.
Vestibular migraine
Authors: Silva Viviane Passarelli Ramin , Castro Luiz Henrique Martins , Calderaro Marcelo
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT Vestibular migraine (VM) remains an underdiagnosed condition, often mistaken with brainstem aura. VM is defined by recurrent vestibular symptoms in at least 50% of migraine attacks. Diagnosis is established by clinical criteria based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3). Estimated prevalence of VM is 1 to 2.7% of the adult population. Vestibular symptoms usually appear after the headache. VM pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Vertigo may occur before, during, after the migraine attack, or even independently, and may last seconds to hours or days. Pathophysiological mechanisms for VM are still poorly understood and are usually extrapolated from migraines. Differential diagnoses include Ménière's disease, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, brainstem aura, transient ischemic attack, persistent perceptual postural vertigo, and episodic type 2 ataxia. Specific treatment recommendations for vestibular migraine are still scarce.
Neurologic adverse events of cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Brito Marcelo Houat de
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT Cancer immunotherapy encompasses a wide range of treatment modalities that harness the anti-tumor effects of the immune system and have revolutionized oncological treatment in recent years, with approval for its use in more and more cancers. However, it is not without side effects. Several neurological adverse events have been recognized associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, the two main classes of cancer immunotherapy. With the increase in the prevalence of oncological diseases and this type of therapy, it is improbable that neurologists, oncologists, hematologists, and other healthcare professionals who deal with cancer patients will not encounter this type of neurologic complication in their practice in the following years. This article aims to review the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of neurological complications associated with ICI and CAR T-cell therapy.
O discurso acadêmico do professor de inglês em perspectiva dialógica
Authors: Lima Samuel de Carvalho
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a constituição do discurso acadêmico do professor de inglês sobre experiências exitosas no ensino da língua. Para isso, filio-me à Linguística Aplicada e adoto a perspectiva dialógica da linguagem para explorar 12 resumos de comunicações publicados no caderno de resumos do III Seminário Internacional da Associação Brasileira de Professores de Língua Inglesa na Rede Federal de Ensino Básico, Técnico e Tecnológico (ABRALITEC) em 2020. Os resumos são tomados como enunciados imbuídos do discurso oficial sobre o ensino de inglês no Brasil e do discurso teórico mobilizado para a realização da investigação no campo da atividade científica. A análise dialógica do corpus elucidou que o discurso acadêmico do professor de inglês se bivocaliza com o discurso teórico por meio da nomenclatura de conceitos e da citação a autores para fundamentar teorias pedagógica, metodológica e de linguagem, ao passo que se bivocaliza com o discurso oficial por meio da inserção de léxico específico ou da menção à política de educação linguística para complementá-la ou transgredi-la.
ICT Tools for Hybrid Inquisitive Experiential Learning in Online Teaching-a case study
Authors:   CSE Department, SRK Institute of Technology, Vijayawada, Haritha Dasari , Kumar T.Ganesh ,   MCA Department, SRK Institute of Technology, Vijayawada, Raju E.Naga ,   MCA Department, SRK Institute of Technology, Vijayawada
Published: August 2022

The quality of engineering education plays a major role in the sustainable development of society. Efforts in designing and using interactive Information Communication Technology (ICT) tools help for stimulating curiosity among students, in particular in online teaching. It helps in creating an effective learning environment and drives students towards inquisitive and experiential learning. During COVID pandemic, it is inevitable to teach everything online and is difficult to involve student actively in learning. This paper presents a case study of designing a hybrid inquisitive experiential learning approach using teacher specific ICT tool for creating curiosity about the topic that is being learnt and its effectiveness to involve the engineering students better in learning the fundamental concepts of engineering. The end survey and assessment performance demonstrated that the use of such ICT user interface usage improved learning outcomes. However, it requires more careful design and proper planning. Keywords— Experiential learning, ICT tools, Inquisitive learning, Online teaching during COVID.