bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Natural Frequencies and Characteristics of Piezoelectric Transformers by Using 3-D Finite Element Method
Authors: Vacharakup Somsak , Peerasaksophol Monthakarn , Kulworawanichpong Thanatchai , Pao-La-Or Padej
Published: October 2011

Piezoelectric transformers are electronic devices made from piezoelectric materials. The piezoelectric transformers as the name implied are used for changing voltage signals from one level to another. Electrical energy carried with signals is transferred by means of mechanical vibration. Characterizing in both electrical and mechanical properties leads to extensively use and efficiency enhancement of piezoelectric transformers in various applications. In this paper, study and analysis of electrical and mechanical properties in forms of potential and displacement distribution throughout the volume, respectively, are discussed and especially focused on around its natural frequency. This paper proposes a set of quasi-static mathematical model of electro-mechanical coupling for piezoelectric transformer by using a set of partial differential equations. Computer-based simulation utilizing the three-dimensional finite element method (3-D FEM) is exploited as a tool for calculation in two purposes. The first use is developed the 3-D FEM for identifying its natural frequencies while the second use is for visualizing potentials and displacements distribution within the piezoelectric transformer. The computer simulation based on the use of the FEM has been developed in MATLAB programming environment. In addition, which satisfactory results of natural frequencies are compared with those obtained from the experiment and the accuracy of 3-D FEM model is confirmed.
Investigation and Modeling of Compaction Behavior of Plain Fabrics
Authors: Ghabezi P. , Golzar M.
Published: October 2011

Fabric compressibility is very important in all RTM processes, and affects both the material and processing properties of the part. As the fabric is compressed by fluid pressure or the mold surface the fibers get compacted and the fiber volume fraction increases. This decreases the thickness of the part, decreases the permeability, and decreases the porosity. Compressibility is possibly more important to understand in one sided molding processes than in closed-mold processes. In this study, changing in permeability for four types of fibers that have been under pressure is measured. Based on experimental data related to permeability changes, for each type of fibers, plotted corresponding curves using interpolation and for each sample, modeled its behavior. Finally, the model outputs for several samples compared with experimental data to evaluate precision of model. The results showed that this model with low error can predict the permeability changes of fibers.
Simulation Study of Two Alternative Workstations for Pressure Die-Casting Process
Authors: Semanco Pavol , Fedak Marcel , Rimár Miroslav
Published: October 2011

The paper introduces two ad-hoc experimental models that emulate the real semi-automated and fully automated workstations of the die-casting production company. The simulation study aims to analyze behavior over time of both models. The intention of the paper is to show that the simulation can be used as a tool to support a decision-making process. It also presents effective approach how to forecast the real system performance.
Comparison of PID and Fuzzy Controller for Automobile Suspension System
Authors: Changizi Nemat , Zare Asef , Sheiie Nooshin , Moghadas Mahbubeh
Published: October 2011

The main aim of suspension system is to isolate a vehicle body from road irregularities in order to maximize passenger ride comfort and retain continuous road wheel contact in order to provide road holding. The aim of the work described in the paper was to illustrate the application of fuzzy logic technique to the control of a continuously damping automotive suspension system. The ride comfort is improved by means of the reduction of the body acceleration caused by the car body when road disturbances from smooth road and real road roughness. The paper describes also the model and controller used in the study and discusses the vehicle response results obtained from a range of road input simulations. In the conclusion, a comparison of active suspension fuzzy control and Proportional Integration derivative (PID) control is shown using MATLAB simulations.
Thermoeconomic Optimization of Cascade Refrigeration System Using Refrigerant Pair R404A-R508B
Authors: Parekh A.D. , Tailor P.R. , Sutaria Nirav
Published: October 2011

In present work, an exergy based thermoeconomic optimization is applied to an actual cascade refrigeration system. The advantage of using exergy method of thermoeconomic optimization is that various elements of the system i.e. condenser, evaporator, compressor and cascade condenser can be optimized separately. A simplified cost minimization methodology based on thermoeconomic concept is applied to calculate the economic costs of all internal flows and products of the system by formulating thermoeconomic cost balance. Once these costs are determined, the system is thermoeconomically evaluated to identify the effects of the design variables on cost of the flows and products. This enables to suggest changes of the design variables that would make the overall system cost effective. Finally, an approximate optimum design configuration is obtained. The result shows that the increase in Coefficient of Performance and exergetic efficiency of the system by 13.76% and 16.20% respectively. The cost of the product and total investment cost are decreased by 19.71% and 19.18% respectively. This shows significant improvement in system performance as well as reduction in the cost of product and total investment cost. The reduction in cost and improvement in performance suggest the commercial acceptability of the cascade refrigeration system in a best efficient way.
Active Tendon Vibration Control of Cantilevered Beam Using Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Actuators
Authors: Hashim Hafizan , Ghani A.R.A. , Makhtar A.K. , Ramli M.H.M. , Patar M.N.A.A.
Published: October 2011

This paper demonstrates, theoretically and experimentally, the feasibility of utilizing Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) as an actuator in controlling the flexural vibrations of a flexible cantilevered beam. The shape memory alloy used in this study is merely a straight wire which is made of nickel titanium alloy called Nitinol. Acting as tendons, these SMAs undergo phase transformation, to the austenitic phase, producing significant forces and displacement capabilities as well as low power consumption. This actuator unit is composed of a SMA wire attached to a spring in series. After being set-up with a load cell the transfer functions of the actuator are measured. Considering the uncertainty of the actuator unit performance the H-infinity optimal controllers are designed and installed into the control system. By integrating the thermal and dynamic characteristics of the SMA into beam dynamical model the composite beam-actuators system can now be developed. The robust stability performance of the designed controller is evaluated through vibrational test on the cantilever and the result is shown to be adequately attenuated.
The Effect of Surface Roughness on Sursulf, Gas and Plasma Nitride Coatings on Austenitic Stainless Steel Type AISI 316LN
Authors: Devaraju A. , Elayaperumal A.
Published: October 2011

Austenitic stainless steel type AISI 316LN (316LN SS) material has been nitrided by three different nitride techniques such as Sursulf, Gas and Plasma nitriding. The 316LN SS samples have been prepared with two different surface roughnesses. The effects of surface roughness on nitriding with respect to formation of coating, case depth, increase in surface hardness and coating adhesion strength have been evaluated. The coating thickness was high for mirror polished samples than ground samples for all nitriding techniques. The coating thickness was very high (76.5µm) for plasma nitrided (PN) mirror polished sample and thin (22.5µm) & uneven for Sursulf Nitrided (SSN) ground sample. However, the SSN sample produces high surface hardness and good adhesion strength than PN. The Gas nitided (GN) sample produces the moderate result between SSN and PN.
Bead Geometry Optimization of Submerged Arc Weld: Exploration of Weighted Principal Component Analysis (WPCA)
Authors: Biswas A. , Bhaumik S. , Majumdar Gautam , Datta Saurav , Mahapatra S.S.
Published: October 2011

The present work attempts to overcome underlying assumptions in traditional Taguchi based optimization techniques highlighted in literature. Taguchi method alone fails to solve multi-response optimization problems. In order to overcome this limitation, exploration of grey relation theory, desirability function approach, utility theory etc. have been found amply applied in literature in combination with Taguchi method. But aforesaid approaches relies on the assumption that individual response features are uncorrelated i.e. independent of each other which are really impossible to happen in practice. The study takes into account this response correlation and proposes an integrated methodology in a case study on optimization of multiple bead geometry parameters of submerged arc weldment. Weighted Principal Component Analysis (WPCA) has been applied to eliminate response correlation and to convert correlated responses into equal or less number of uncorrelated quality indices called principal components. Based on individual principal components a Multi-response Performance Index (MPI) has been introduced to derive an equivalent single objective function which has been optimized (maximized) using Taguchi method. Experiments have been conducted based on Taguchi’s L25 Orthogonal Array design with combinations of process control parameters: voltage, wire feed, welding speed and electrode stick-out. Different bead geometry parameters: bead width, bead height, penetration depth and HAZ dimensions have been optimized. Optimal result has been verified by confirmatory test. The study highlights effectiveness of the proposed method for solving multi-objective optimization of submerged arc weld.
Prediction of the Temperature of Enclosures for Nuclear Waste Disposal
Authors: Singh Deependra
Published: October 2011

Finite element models had been developed considering radiative and conductive heat transfer [1]. This work consist application of such models for nuclear waste disposal containers. The temperature of enclosure walls are predicted with the help finite element method. This is useful in determining material properties of enclosure that will be suitable under required criteria. Heat transfer characteristics and temperature behavior of the enclosure walls is investigated by changing parameters such as absorption coefficient and emissivity of walls. Comparison with the experimental work show that the present heat transfer model works well for the prediction of thermal behavior of the enclosure in the actual nuclear waste disposal containers.
Energy Saving Inverter Controlled Magnetic Jack
Authors: Okoye Celestine N. , Nwaorgu O.A. , Awah C.C. , Tawada Erta Marylene
Published: October 2011

The main purpose of this research is to propose and develop energy saving inverter controlled magnetic jack. It is an electromechanical load lifting machine which provides controlled linear motion to the load. The project is carried out as a result of increase demand for limited fossil energy. Energy saving of the system is achieved through the use of power electronic inverter connected to the induction motor with sensors installed in some part of the system. The regenerative energy of the system achieved through repulsion of the magnets and increase in thickness of the system coil housing is either saved in the system capacitor which could be re-used later or fed back to the mains. Results show that the system is efficient in energy saving and regeneration. A total of 35.99% energy is expected to be realized by the system at the end of the work. The work is also expected to open new door for researchers in this field.
High-Resolution TEM Observation of AlN/GaN Grown on Si Substrates
Authors: Chuah Lee Siang , Mahyudin A. , Hasan Z. , Chin C.W.
Published: October 2011

A high-quality crack-free AlN cap layer on GaN layer has been achieved using an AlN buffer layer directly grown on a silicon substrate at high temperature by radio frequency (RF) plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. A two dimensional (2D) growth process guide to AlN cap layer of high grade crystal quality. The nucleation and the growth dynamics have been studied by in situ reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and ex situ by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The microstructure was investigated by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). It was disclosed that AlN is single crystalline with low defect. High densities of V-shaped pits were not detected at the interface between AlN and GaN layers. Contradictory the earlier reported V-shaped defects in nitride-based alloys; these V-shaped pits were condensed on top of the AlN layer because of H2 etching of the surface when a high temperature growth discontinuity between AlN and GaN layers.
Effect of Heavy Metals and Leaching Toxicity of Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cement
Authors: Ma Bao Guo , Wang Jing Ran , Li Xiang Guo
Published: October 2011

Solidiﬁcation / stabilization (S/S) is a popular method for treating solid wastes containing heavy metals. In recent years, it shows positive results of magnesium potassium phosphate cement as stabilizing agent. In the work, the influence of heavy metal Cu、Zn and Pb on magnesium phosphate cement and the leaching behavior of magnesium phosphate cement were studied. Two proportions of cements were employed with hard burned magnesia and potassium phosphate. The hydration products were analyzed by XRD showing that: Cu、Zn and Pb would not take on obvious effect during magnesium phosphate cement hydration process. Leaching toxicity tests showed that: Cu、Zn and Pb were immobilized within cement hydration products through physical fixation, adsorption mechanisms, and the results were far lower than that of the National Standard in China.
Effect of Bath Compositions on the Properties of Electroless Ni-Cu-P Alloys on Aluminum
Authors: Wang Xi Ran , Hu Xin Gang , Li Wei Yuan
Published: October 2011

In this work, the electroless plating Ni-Cu-P on aluminium is obtained successfully by direct Ni-Cu-P plating method. The effect of bath compositions on the electroless plating rate and the properties of the electroless Ni-Cu-P deposits was studied by orthogonal test. The corrosion resistance, hardness, surface morphology and components of the coating were studied by using electrochemical workstation, digital micro-hardness SEM and EDS. The optimum bath formula obtained is 0.6g/L copper sulfate, 30g/L nickel sulfate, 35g/L sodium citrate, 25 g/L sodium hypophosphite, 20g/L acetic anhydride and right amount of self-made additive. The deposition rate, hardness and corrosion resistance are all good. The adhesion between the deposits and the matrix is better. The deposits is smooth and uniformity, smooth by SEM. The deposit contains Ni 78.90%, Cu 8.65%, P 12.46% by the analyses of energy disperse X-ray.
Slope Instability Risk Analysis in Earth Dams Considering Uncertain Factors
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Chuan Qi , Wang Shuai
Published: October 2011

Based on Simplified Bishop Slice Method and by applying LHS –MC method, risk analysis of slope instability in earth dams is presented. Based on Bishop Model, the equilibrium equation is established to evaluate the slope instability risk accounting for the uncertainties arising from soil properties and water level. Cohesive force c, friction angle φ, their relation and water level are taken as random variables which have a large influence on slop instability. One example of risk analysis for dam slope instability is presented to demonstrate the validity and capability of the proposed method.
Microscopic Mechanism Research of T10 Steel Accumulated Plastic Deformation in Low Stress Load
Authors: Zhang Hui , Fu Ge Yan , Xu Tao , Xu Ai Qin , Wang Chen
Published: October 2011

The influence of static load and impact load in the same value of low stress on microstructure and micro-strain of T10 steel specimens is studied. The results show that softening and hardening phenomenon of Specimen appears alternately in the process of being loaded. Hardness value will tend to stable when loading time or impact times increase to a certain value. Compared to impact load，static load has a more well-distributed、pyknotic microstructure and a smaller variable quantity of microscopic strain.
Analysis and Simulation on the Connection Strength of Flareless Tube Fittings
Authors: Zhang Ling Yun , Xiao Jun Lei , Li Chang Qing
Published: October 2011

The forming connection and uniaxial tensile processes of flareless tube fittings with 10mm outside diameter were simulated by using Abaqus software, and a series of uniaxial tensile tests were executed. The results show that the magnitude of interference formed during the forming connection process has great influence on the connection strength, reasonable agreement was obtained between the predicted conclusion and test data.
Microencapsulation of Cajuput Oil by Spray Drying: Influence of Wall Systems on the Oil Retention and Storage
Authors: Wicheansin Kangsadarn , Indranupakorn Ratana
Published: October 2011

The microencapsulation of cajuput oil by spray drying was investigated with respect to the effects of two kinds of matrices (gum arabic and modified starch) as well as to the effects of initial concentrations of cajuput oil on its retention and stability. The results indicated that the oil retention depended on the type of encapsulating agent. Hicap100 showed higher oil retention of encapsulated cajuput oil. Further, the surface oil content of the Hicap100 powder was very low. The protective effect of microencapsulation of Hicap100 was also studied. The functional compound, 1,8-cineole, was released more slowly from the Hicap100 compared to gum arabic, especially at the level of 30% oil loaded.
Floating Grains in the HDC Casting 7075 Aluminum Alloy Ingot
Authors: Zhu Qing Feng , Zhao Zhi Hao , Wang Xiang Jie , Cui Jian Zhong
Published: October 2011

7075 aluminum alloy ingot with the diameters of 100 mm was produced by Horizontal Direct-Chill (HDC). The temperature in the melt was measured and the ingots were examined in detail with the aim to reveal the floating grains in the HDC ingot. Experimental results show that very large floating grains with coarse dendrite arm spacing (DAS) mainly concentrate in the half-moon area near bottom surface of the HDC casting ingot, under the function of gravity. The floating grains in the HDC casting process is much bigger than that founded in Vertical Direct-Chill (VDC) casting process.
Kinematical Analysis on the Technology of Overhead Smash between Badminton and Tennis
Authors: Zhang Bo
Published: October 2011

Through the method of three-dimensional analytical photography, the paper acquired and analyzed the kinematical parameters of movement of the technology of overhead smash in badminton and tennis for the purpose of pointing out the kinematical characteristics of the technology. The study shows: while hitting the ball and springing off the ground, the way of using force begins at the top and in the order of thigh, lower leg and feet; during the whole hitting process, shoulder, elbow and wrist are basically at the same moving speed with the peak of angular velocity appearing first from the shoulder, and the time for the elbow and the wrist appearing almost in a synchronous manner.
Analysis on the Distribution Law of WC Particles during Centrifugal Casting Process
Authors: Zhao Zhen Kai , Song Yan Pei , Feng Zhi Ming
Published: October 2011

The mathematical physical model of the unmelted WC particle distribution in the centrifugal force field was established in cylindrical coordinate system using continuity theory and hydromechanics. According to the migration rule of WC particle in the Fe-C alloy melt under centrifugal field, the mathematical equation of particle volume fraction distribution including centrifugal casting parameters was formulated. The mathematical equations were calculated by solving the mathematical equation with numerical analysis, and also the distribution regularity of WC particle in composite layer under different temperature and different Centrifugal speed was achieved. The results show that the particle reinforced composite with a gradient distribution along thickness was prepared by centrifugal casting. The gradient distribution of the particle changes with pouring temperature and centrifugal speed. And the theoretical data accord with experiment data compared to the experimental measurement.
Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Study on Rubber Waveform Generator
Authors: Qin Jun Qi , Yang Yu Liang , Di Chang Chun , Guan Shou Qiang
Published: October 2011

Rubber waveform generators are widely used in impact test devices for generating shock waves. Through stretching and compressing rubber specimens, obtain the stress-strain relationship of rubber material. Build finite element model of rubber waveform generator, get the maximum static deformation and static stiffness in different forms of constitutive models and take actual tests of rubber waveform generator. Compare finite element results with the actual test results, select Arruda-Boyce model as rubber hyperelastic model. This study lay a good foundation for the design of rubber waveform generators and study of dynamic characteristics of impact test devices.
Identification of Subsurface Deformation in Machining of Inconel 718
Authors: Zhou Jin Ming , Bushlya Volodymr , Peng Ru Lin , Stahl Jan Eric
Published: October 2011

There is considerable industrial significance to understand the nature of subsurface deformation under the machined surface for correct prediction of surface properties in machined components based upon the machined conditions and material behaviors that give rise to them. In this study, high speed machining of Inconel 718 was carried with whisker reinforced ceramic cutting tool under different conditions of tool wear, coolant state and cutting parameters. The objective of the present investigation was to determine the effect of both cutting parameters and tool wear on the plastic deformation in the subsurface region of Inconel 718 after the finishing machining with above process conditions. The surface and subsurface region of machined specimens were examined using a high resolution scan electron microscope (HRSEM) and EBSD technique, microhardness measurements were also conducted on the test samples, accordingly plastic strain analysis were carried out.
A Novel Approach in Improving I/O Performance of Small Meteorological Files on HDFS
Authors: Xue Sheng Jun , Pan Wu Bin , Fang Wei
Published: October 2011

With the cloud computing is becoming mature, many of its characteristics for meteorological data processing is extremely important. Since HDFS is designed for reading and writing large files, it’s difficult to be taken advantage of small meteorological files. In this paper, an improved approach on HDFS is proposed for small meteorological files, small files are to be merged, indexed, and blocks are compressed, the pressure of memory on master node occupied by metadata is relieved, the speed of reading and writing small files is increased, read speed is increased by 50%, and write speed is up to 3-4 times of the original, saving about 2/3 of storage space and computing performance has also been improved. Thus, meteorological data processing can make use of cloud computing platform more closely.
Mechanics of Hairspring in Mehanical Watch Movement
Authors: Xie Long Han , Du Ru Xu
Published: October 2011

Hairspring is a fine spiral spring, which is the key component in mechanical watch movement for timekeeping. According to literatures, there are only few studies on hairsprings or spiral springs. Using the Castiliago’s method, the mechanics of hairspring is studied in details. And Computer simulation with Matlab® and experimental validation are also conducted to show the spring frequency. Experiment shows that the theoretical analysis and computer simulation can be used to guide and facilitate the design of hairspring or spiral spring.
Research on Interface Structure and Fracture Mechanism of Diffusion Bonding of Titanium Alloy/Cu/Stainless Steel
Authors: Liu Shu Ying , Liu Guang Bao , Heng Zhong Hao , Xu Kuan
Published: October 2011

Using analysis methods of stretching test，SEM，EDS and microhardness test to investigate and research the mechanical properties, the fracture mechanism，the reacting phases are produced and the distribution range of vacuum diffusion bonding joints of Ti-6Al-4V/Cu/304. The results show that when bonding pressure is 5.0 MPa, the tensile strenght of the joint increases at first, but decreases with the increasing of bonding temperature and time, When bonding temperature is 1223K, bonding time is 3.6ks, there is a maximum tensile strength that is 163 Mpa. However, it will be disadvantageous to the performance of the joints, when bonding temperature and time extended overly. Using Copper foil as the interlayer, the intermetallic compounds did not generate in interface of Cu/304，Therefore, it formed multi-phase transition organizations by solid solution, intermetallic compounds in interface of Titanium alloy/Cu，such as TixCuy, TixFey and so on. The effect of TixCuy on strength of the joints is slightly larger than TixFey compound. The fracture mainly happened in the titanium alloy side Ti2Cu intermetallic compound in region Ⅱfor the source dehiscence, developping inⅡ-Ⅲ area junction weak intermetallic compounds of diffusion layer. It is brittle fracture. Therefore, it is the main way to improve the joint strength by improving the interface structure of titanium alloy/Cu side.
Dynamics Analysis of the Bar-Type Piezoelectric Motor Stator
Authors: Li Huai Yong , Xu Li Zhong
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the modal and the harmony response analyses of the stator of the bar-type piezoelectric motor are done by using the finite element method. The influences of the motor’s structural parameters and the voltage applied to ceramic plate on the characteristics of the stator are discussed. Some useful results are given. This provides theoretical basis for the structure optimization design of the motor.
Analysis of Multiaxial Low Cycle Fatigue Life for Single Crystal Ni-Based Superalloy Based on Two-Phase Unit Cell Model
Authors: Ding Zhi Ping , Li Ming , Wang Teng Fei , Yang Rong Hua
Published: October 2011

Based on micro structure of Ni-based single crystal superalloy, a γ/γ’ two-phase unit cell finite element model was established, and its cyclic stress-strain was simulated under tension/torsion cyclic loading. A low cycle fatigue (LCF) life prediction model of single crystal superalloy was proposed by using cyclic plasticity strain energy as a parameter based on energy dissipation theory. Calculation results of macro finite element model and γ/γ’ two-phase unit cell micro finite element model, and multiaxial LCF test data of CMSX-2 Ni-based single crystal superalloy along [001] orientation were applied to fit the LCF life model by multiple linear regression. The results show that the unit cell model not only reflects the microstructure characteristics of single crystal Ni-based superalloy, but also is better than the macro model in accuracy of analysis, and greatly improve the accuracy of fatigue life prediction. Almost test data fall into the factor of 2.0 scatter band.
Design of the Microfluidic Chip of Oil Detection
Authors: Zhang Hong Peng , Huang Wen , Zhang Yin Dong , Shen Yan , Li Dong Qing
Published: October 2011

Wear debris in hydraulic oil causes most of the faults of hydraulic system and is also an important information carrier, so it is essential to check the condition of wear debris in hydraulic oil. On the basis of inductive principle and microfluidic chip technology, the design of a microfluidic chip of oil detection is presented in this paper. the relation between coil geometry parameters and inductive change of planar inductor are analyzed through the related experimental statistics, the result being that when the ferrous metallic particle flows through planar inductor, the measured inductance variation increases with the number of turns and decreases with the coil line width.
The Mechanical Analysis of Tubing in Deep Gas Wells in Volcanic Reservoirs
Authors: Li Guo Zhen , Ai Shuang , Hou Zhao Jun , Yao Yue Dong
Published: October 2011

With the fast development of the natural gas industry, volcanic gas reservoirs have been paid an increasing attention. Many deep gas wells in volcanic reservoirs have special characteristics, such as high temperature, high pressure and high level of CO2 with strong corrosion effect, which brings great challenge to the safety of the tubing. Therefore, the mechanical analysis of tubing in deep gas wells in volcanic reservoirs is helpful to design the strings, optimize operation parameters and predict service life. In this paper, based on the buckling analysis, a mechanical model of tubing is established and solved by stepwise iterative algorithm. Physical properties of tubular strings and fluid are taken into consideration in new model, as well as the pitting corrosion of CO2. A program also developed for practical purposes. The results can be applied for the safety assessment and life prediction of the tubing in deep gas wells in volcanic reservoirs.
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Cutting Parameters when Milling Plane Features of Aeroengine Structure Parts
Authors: Wang Song Tao , Li Zhe , Zheng Min Li , Fan Yi Hang
Published: October 2011

Because of the variety of processing methods, broad range and uncertainty of processing parameters when machining aeroengine structure parts, the method of fuzzy orthogonal optimization was used to optimize milling parameters in the light of machining efficiency in machining plane characteristics of aeroengine structure parts. According to analyzing the effects of milling parameters on processing efficiency, the optimized parameters were obtained. The results showed that the established fuzzy orthogonal optimization model can take full account of the uncertainty in the process of cutting parameters optimization. Excellent experimental agreement was achieved in cutting parameters calculated by the established model. The established model has good practicality and high precision. It is easy to understand and can be used to guide the actual production.
Application of the Off-Line Simulation System of the Ship Maneuvering in Transition Section Navigation Research of the Continuous Bend
Authors: Hu Xu Yue , Lv Lin Kai , Shen Xiao Xiong , Zhang Qing Song , Li Yan
Published: October 2011

The mathematical model of ship maneuvering is the core of the ship maneuvering off-line simulation system, it establishes three degrees of freedom motion control equation of the rigid body dynamics , in which the ship as a rigid body. Using MMG (Ship Maneuvering Mathematical Model Group) detached method, it considers the role of force and torque as well as the three mutual influences of hull, propeller and rudder respectively, than it applies runge-kutta method to solve differential equations and combine them with matlab programming languages. According to the rotation test and Z-style test of the kiloton ship, the ship maneuvering offline simulation system is proved to be correct and reliable. So we use this system to simulate the movement of ship passing through the continuous meandering bend in different situations. Then, we analyze rudder angle, drift angle and channel width of ship traveling through the continuous meandering bend, and we can find that when the length of transition section is less than 160m, the rudder angle and drift angle which ship is sailing across the after bend are obviously bigger than that of front bend; when the length of transition section increase a certain length, navigational parameter of front bend and after bend are basically the same, however, when it continues to increase, navigational parameter of front bend and after bend will not change and it will remain steady. Then, we define that the length is the critical navigation length of transition section. At the same time, we also can find that the minimum navigable length of transition section increase with the central angle of bend increase, and it will decrease with bending radius increase. When the central angle of bend is more than or equal to ninety degrees, the standard formula results must be certain modified.
Organophilic Modification and Application of Nano-Fumed Silica in Pervaporation of Ethanol / Water Mixture
Authors: Li Bing Bing , Wang Liang , Sun De
Published: October 2011

Fumed Silica was modified with hexamethyldisiazane (HMDZ, modifier) and dimethyldiethoxysilane (DMDEOS, co-modifier) by grafting method. The structure of organo-functionnalized nanoparticles was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Functional nanosilica-ﬁlled polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) composites membrane were prepared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations of composites revealed good dispersion of the silica nanoparticles and the pervaporation performance of the ﬁlled PDMS membranes is better than that of the unﬁlled PDMS membranes.
Stochastic Resonance in a Time-Delayed Logistic Growth Model Driven by Periodic Signal and White Noise
Authors: Zhou Yu Rong , Fang Chong Qiu
Published: October 2011

stochastic resonance; time-delayed Logistic growth model; signal-to-noise ratio Abstract. The stochastic resonance in a time-delayed Logistic growth model subject to correlated multiplicative and additive white noise as well as to multiplicative periodic signal is investigated. Using small time delay approximation, we get the expression of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). It is found that the SNR is a non-monotonic function of the system parameters, of the intensities of the multiplicative and additive noise, as well as of the correlation strength between the two noises. The effects of the delay time in the random force is in opposition to that of the delay time in the deterministic force.
Porous Alumina from Protein Foaming-Consolidation Method Containing Hydrothermal Derived Hydroxyapatite Powder
Authors: Fadli A. , Sopyan I. , Singh Ramesh
Published: October 2011

Porous alumina containing hydrothermal derived hydroxyapatite (HA) composite were successfully fabricated via protein foaming-consolidation method. Alumina and HA powders were mixed with yolk, starch and darvan 821 A at an adjusted mass ratio to make slurry. The slurries were cast into cylindrical shaped molds and then dried for foaming and consolidation process. Subsequently, the dried bodies were burned at 600°C for 1 h, followed by sintering at temperatures of 1300 - 1400°C for 2 h. The porous alumina-HA composites with pore size in the range of 95-300 µm and density of 2.7 – 2.9 g cm-3 were obtained. Porosity of bodies decreased from 31.7 to 27.6% when sintering temperatures increased from 1300 to 1400°C. The increasing HA-to-alumina mass ratio from 0.2 to 0.8 w/w increased compressive strength of sintered bodies from 2.3 to 10.0 MPa. XRD pattern results show intensity of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) phase increased with sintering temperatures and also found that the sintering process did not alter phases in the porous bodies.
Preparation of Sn-In2O3 Nanoparticles Colloid Solution
Authors: Lin Ben Lan , Cui Sheng , Shen Xiao Dong
Published: October 2011

Sn-In2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized by Sol-Gel method and dispersed steady Sn-In2O3 colloid solution was gained. Sn-In2O3 nanoparticles are body-center cube ferromanganese mine structure proved by XRD. And they are spheres and 15~25nm studied by HRTEM. The average size of nanoparticles is 21.7 nm with a narrow width 10.8nm measured by granularity instrument. Zeta potential is +33.4mV which means that there are very strong electrostatic repulsion to prevent the bird nesting of Sn-In2O3 nanoparticles.
Testing on Energy Absorption of Banana Fiber Polyester Composite
Authors: Noor Mohamed Noor Hisyam Bin , Juneh Hasmiryadie , Yusof Mahshuri
Published: October 2011

Natural fibers are now becoming a subject of interest to replace synthetic fiber as reinforcement materials where the development of natural fiber composites has been conducted in the last few decades. The objective of this research is to investigate the energy absorption capacity of banana fiber polyester composite and its specific energy absorption capacity as well. Banana fibers are extracted and cut into 10mm, 20mm and 30mm fiber length. Fabrication of rectangular bar as composite samples with different banana fiber length and fiber volume fraction (1%, 2%, and 3%) were conducted and the results are studied and analyzed. The information on energy absorption and specific energy absorption capacity are useful for applications such as automotive structures where the ability to absorb impact may save life. The increase of banana fiber content and length shows an increase of maximum load and energy absorption values for all specimens.
Direct Tensile Strength Measurement of Concrete
Authors: Khan Mohammad Iqbal
Published: October 2011

The evaluation of the tensile strength and determination of the tensile stress-strain curve using indirect tests becomes approximate hence there is a necessity for exploring direct tensile strength measurement. This investigation is part of ongoing research on the development of direct tensile strength measurement. In this paper direct tensile strength test has been proposed and the results obtained have been compared with compressive strength and flexural strength. It has been found that results obtained are well comparable and relationships are similar to that proposed in earlier findings.
Thermal and FTIR Characterization of Unsaturated Polyester Resin/Epoxy Resin Composites
Authors: Liao Zheng Fu , Xu Dong Ying , Zhang Fengjun , Li Chong , Xiao Wu Hua
Published: October 2011

In the paper, the thermo-properties of unsaturated polyester resin (UPR)/epoxy resin(E51) composites through reactive blending method were studied by DSC. The experimental results showed that, when the amount of E51 in UPR/E51 composites reached to 2wt%, the mixture take place glass transition at 84°C which higher than that of pure UPR 15%. When the amount of E51 reached to 10wt%, the mixture take place two glass transition at 59°C、104°C respectively. The morphologies of the mixtures were investigated by SEM, and the curing process of UPR/E51 was traced and investigated by FTIR.
Study on Effect of Different Preparation Process Parameters on Properties and Microstructure of SiO2/Cu Composites
Authors: Zheng Cui Hua , Song Ke Xing , Guo Xiu Hua , Zhou Yan Jun
Published: October 2011

The SiO2 nanoparticles reinforced Cu-matrix composites were prepared by powder metallurgy technology．The influences of SiO2 volume fraction on the properties of hardness、conductivitity rate and wear behavior of Cu-matrix composites were studied. The results showed that conductivity rate was decreased with the increase of the SiO2 volume fraction；whereas the hardness was increased, then decreased and wear behavior was increased. Sintering an hour of performance was superior to the sintering half an hour.When SiO2 nanoparticle volume fraction was achieved 2.5%, comprehensive properties of SiO2/Cu composite were obviously increased.The microstructures revealed that the second phase particles precipitated dispersedly in copper matrix after hot extrusion. with the increase of the strengthen phase particle volume fraction, nanoparticles appeared together and gathered in grain boundary of copper matrix.
Research on Ore-Proportioning Optimization Technology in Sintering
Authors: Lv Xiao Fang , Han Hong Liang , Wu Sheng Li
Published: October 2011

In this paper, self-characteristics (the room-temperature characteristics and the high-temperature characteristic) of iron ores used in sintering, such as chemical composition, size distribution, assimilation, liquid phase fluidity, self-strength of bonding phase, etc, were studied. Then, the principles of ore-proportioning optimization basing on self-characteristics of iron ore during sintering were proposed. Schemes of ore-proportioning optimization were designed and sinter pot test were carried out．Results of sinter pot confirmed the method of optimizing ore proportioning based on iron ore self-characteristics. This work provides good countermeasure for improving sinter quality and reducing sinter cost as soon as possible, under the condition of making full use of the existing iron ore resources.
Research on the 3D Modeling Method of Epicycloids’ Bevel Gear Based on Pro/E
Authors: Wang Chun Xiang , Meng Fan Juan , Zhang Jing Qiang
Published: October 2011

In order to obtain 3D solid model of an Oerlikon system’s prolate epicycloidal bevel gear by full generating processing, the solid modeling method for the gear was studied in Pro/E. First, Drawing benchmark circles (base on the circle and reference circle as well as tip circle and root circle)and involute tooth profile of virtual equivalent gears of both large end and small end of the real gear, and then an intercepted segment of prolate epicycloid which has the same trend to the tooth and is controlled by prolate epicycloidal equations is projected to the surface of the gear’s root cone for the sake of getting tooth curve along axial direction. In the end, along the tooth curve and on the root cone conducting a variable cross section solid scanning to tooth shaped cross section, a complete gear tooth will be gained and at last model establishing will be finished. This method provided digital basis for optimization design, reverse design and rapid prototyping of this kind of gear, and so its design efficiency is improved.
Optimized Design of 1GYF-200 Sugarcane Leaf Shattering and Returning Machine’s Cutter Roller
Authors: Lu Jing Ming , Li Ming , Wei Li Jiao , Wang Jin Li , Song De Qing , Zhang Jin , Deng Yi Guo
Published: October 2011

After studying and analyzing the types of cutter roller’s movable blades, various arrangements and layouts of movable blades and structures of such cutter roller of current sugarcane leaf shattering and returning machine in China, a totally new cutter roller design is proposed for 1GYF-200 sugarcane leaf shattering and returning machine: blades are arranged in unequally-spaced double-helix symmetry, the movable blades arranged on both sides of the cutter roller are increased appropriately, and combination of two straight blades and one improved L-blade are adopted as movable blades. Comparing with the original prototype, the improved machine’s pick-up rate has increased by 0.8% and shattering rate has improved by 2.5%. This study provides theoretical basis and reference in designing an effective and reliable machine for shattering sugarcane leaves and incorporating it into soil.
A Comparison of Two Control Methods for Vehicle Stability Control by Direct Yaw Moment
Authors: Lacroix Benoit , Liu Zhao Heng , Seers Patrice
Published: October 2011

This paper proposes a comparison study of two vehicle stability control methods by direct yaw-moment control (DYC): a PID and a sliding controller. For the purpose of this study, control systems are based solely on vehicle side-slip angle state feedback and the lateral dynamics of the 2 DOF vehicle model are used to establish the desired response. Close-loop dynamics of the PID controller are determined with the pole placement method, and an anti-windup strategy is adopted to respond to the tire’s nonlinear characteristics. The comparison study was performed by computer simulations with a 14 DOF nonlinear vehicle model validated with experimental data. The controllers are evaluated for typical severe manoeuvres on low friction road surfaces. It is found that despite their fundamental differences, the control methods provide comparable performances for the cases studied.
Research on Modern Process Management Evaluation System
Authors: Sun Li , Sun Ai Qiao , Ma Zi Qin , Wang Xiu Lun , Fan Jian Min , Xu Ting Ting
Published: October 2011

Based on the research of process management level evaluation , it proposed evaluation index system of process management level, established function module of evaluation system, adopted fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate enterprise process management level.
The Application of SPC in the Motor Production Operation of the Air Conditioning Compressor
Authors: Xia Yan Chun , Xiao Dong
Published: October 2011

Motor is the key part of the air conditioner compressor. And the production process of the motor will often encounter some quality defects. One of the most common defects is machine winding paint film injury. In the past, salt pinhole test and brush test are common means for product quality control in many companies. Although in such trials, some quality problem can be found, it is a single method for site quality management and is a kind of method of remedying afterwards. It often cannot find or visualized find by chart the bad trend timely. Statistical process control (SPC) is a different method, which can implement real-time monitoring and evaluation in each stage of the production process. It is a kind of preventive method. It can carry out the paint damage monitoring and evaluation in the motor manufacturing process very well, using SPC control diagram method.
Research on the Lateral Vibration Characteristic of the Bogie in Dynamic Track Stabilizer with Track Irregularity Excitation
Authors: Wang Li Hua , Liu Guang Wei , Huang An Ning , Huang Ya Yu
Published: October 2011

Bogie is one of the major critical components of the dynamic track stabilizer, and its vibration characteristics will affect the dynamic characteristics of the dynamic track stabilizer directly. It is very important to improve the running safety by analyzing the lateral vibration characteristics of the bogie. The time domain loads of the track irregularities were gained based on the U.S. spectral density of the track irregularities using the method of numerical simulate. Then the lateral vibration characteristics of the dynamic track stabilizer bogie under the excitation of the track irregularities were analyzed on the bases of the ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The results of numerical simulation and the associated experiment are basically consistent, and the analysis results can provide foundation for research on the running stationarity and safety of the dynamic track stabilizer. This research method also can provide a new effective method for further researching on the dynamic characteristics of the bogie and the dynamic track stabilizer.
The Study of the Precision Grinder Bed Thickness with Artificial Granite Composite
Authors: Wang Yi , Li Juan , Song Kun , Ye Bin Qiang
Published: October 2011

Studied the basic properties of artificial granite composite, and with the basic properties of cast iron materials were compared; for precision grinder bed design criteria were discussed, obtained affect the dynamic stiffness of the bed several elements. The use of Pro / e software to establish of precision grinder bed model, and by Ansys software using different bed materials were carried out modal analysis. The results show that the same structure and size, the dynamic performance of cast iron bed is slightly better; optimization and analysis of the bed， conclude that when the wall thickness increased to 4 times， artificial granite composite bed get the best dynamic performance. The paper provides the theoretical basis of artificial granite composite used in manufacture of precision grinder machine bed
Moving Path Analysis of a Cannonball Colliding onto Water
Authors: Youn Joon Sik , Jung Young Hun , Bang Han Seok , Lee Hae Suk , Cho Yeon Sik , Choi Woo Chun
Published: October 2011

When a cannonball collides onto water, it can ricochet several times because normal force is generated larger than the weight. In order to determine the moving path, an analysis is done to calculate the position and velocity of the cannonball and the force acting on the cannonball using a finite element method. It is shown that the cannonball motion depends on the initial conditions such as cannonball shape, firing velocity, and firing angle.