bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Evaluating the Sustainable Development of Real Estate Based on Extention Theory
Authors: Cui Cai Yun , Zhao Hua , Han Guo Bo
Published: June 2012

In real estate industry, there exist some contradictions, including less land supply and higher residential demand, high residential vacancy rate and growing residential demand, resource waste owing to short-term investment and limited resources, high prices and low purchasing power. The paradox matter-element extension theory is fit for the contradictive study, and consistent with the sustainable development of the real estate industry in terms of research subject, logic theory, and variability. On basis of these, this Study establishes extension-theory-based evaluation index system for sustainable development of real estate industry, in which the indices are categorized into five groups: economy and finance, social equality, ecological environment, resources utilization, and government management.
Relational Degree Analysis of Indemnificatory Housing & Regional Real Estate Market
Authors: Liu Ya Chen , Jin Ying , Jin Lan
Published: June 2012

This paper studies the relational degree of the indemnificatory housing and regional real estate market and proposes suggestions about the construction of the indemnificatory housing under the background of expedited indemnificatory housing. By taking Liaoning as the study example, this paper adopts error correction model (ECM) and studies the relational degree and influence of the indemnificatory housing and the real estate market through empirical analysis of the historical data of the Liaoning real estate market, and proposes some proper countermeasures and suggestions.
Suzhou Urban Land-Use Change and its Prediction Analysis
Authors: Fang Gang , Yang Juan , Li Qi
Published: June 2012

Based on the 2000 ETM+ and 2009 TM images, the Suzhou urban district as the research object, supported by the remote sensing software, using the support vector machine (SVM) classification to extract the urban landscape types in 2000-2009, analyzing the land-use dynamic change and mutual transformation in Suzhou urbanization process from the land-use type transition matrix, dynamic degree, development degree and consumption reduction degree, and using the Markov model to forecast the Suzhou urban land-use dynamic change trend in 2009, 2018, 2027 and 2036, for the future Suzhou land-use dynamic monitoring, land-use planning and adjustment, ecological environment regulation and restoration, and land resource sustainable utilization to provide the theoretical basis. The results show that Suzhou urban land-use occurred to a large changes from 2000 to 2009, the construction land area increased significantly, the cultivated land area reduced sharply, the wood land and water body area slightly increased. According to the Markov model prediction results from 2009 to 2036, the cultivated land and wood land area will continue to reduce, the construction land and water body area will continue to increase, which makes the contradiction between the cultivated land protection and the urban expansion will become more prominent.
Recycle Economy Assessment of Industrial Parks Based on MFA
Authors: Li Wen Qian , Liu Ning , Fan Hai Yan , Liu Zhi Chao
Published: June 2012

This article took Industrial Park of Recycle Economy in Tongling as the subject, and assessed its current recycle economy development. In the same time, the symbiotic web among ‘Water-Steam-Energy’ in the park was established in this article, and the redesigned industrial park was reassessed according to its consumptions of material and energy. The result shows that the ‘Water-Steam-Energy’ symbiotic web can remarkably promote the recycle economy development, with the reduction of direct input, the accretion of resource productivity and the promotion of resource recycle utilization.
Research on Selecting Distribution Mode of B2C Business Based on the GAHP and Gray Correlation Method
Authors: Ji Shou Wen , You Yong Hai , Cai Xiao Qi
Published: June 2012

Aiming at quantizing the selection of distribution mode in B2C e-commerce enterprises, distribution modes of B2C e-commerce enterprises were analyzed, the idea of the analytic hierarchy process was adopted to design the distribution selection model, GAHP was applied to calculate the weight of each criteria and gray correlation method was utilized to evaluate the superiority of each programs respectively for their different properties. Finally the most suitable distribution mode for B2C e-commerce enterprises can be selected.
Time Series Analysis of Energy Consumption and Carbon Emission for Binhai New Area of Tianjin
Authors: Chu Chun Li , Yang Yi Fang , Bai Xue , Peng Qian , Ju Mei Ting
Published: June 2012

With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, cities become the centers to address the problem of climate change for China. Binhai New Area of Tianjin city plays an important role to boost the economy of North China according to the long-term development planning of China. It is essential for Binhai New Area of Tianjin to promote energy efficiency and reduce the CO2 emission intensity. The study explores the characteristics of the energy consumption, energy intensity, carbon emission and carbon intensity of Binhai New Area through time series analysis. We conclude that the consumption of energy has increased with an annual growth rate of 17.9% from 2000 to 2009. The energy consumption per capita increases from 4.32 tons of SCE per capita in 2000 to 12.37 tons of SCE per capita in 2009, which is much higher than that of Tianjin city and also China as a whole. The energy intensity has declined from 0.79 tons of SCE/104Y in 2000 to 0.38 tons of SCE/104Y in 2009. But it is lower than that of Tianjin. Total carbon emission has increased by 225% from 2000 to 2009. The carbon emission per capita increases from 10.8 tons per capita in 2000 to 30.8 tons per capita in 2009. The carbon intensity has declined from 1.97 tons /104Y in2000 to 0.96 tons/104Y in 2009. Thus, we suggest that the composition of energy consumption should be optimized and more clean energy should be used to reduce the total CO2 emission and CO2 emission intensity.
Study on Reconstructing Chinese Territorial Planning System
Authors: Zheng Cai Gui , Yuan Dao Xian , Yang Qing Yuan , Zhang Xiao Cheng , Li Shi Chuan , Wang Yong Qing
Published: June 2012

This paper researches on the territorial system of urban and rural integration to provide reference resources for solving urban-rural dual economy and society structure and land-use management. Methods of documentary data and theory are applied. The result of study indicates that: (1) build up five-level territorial planning at national, province, district, county and regional level to strategically arrange land-use; (2) build up line planning of various types of land to manage scientifically and efficiently; (3) compile land reclamation planning at town-level, village planning to enrich land use detailed planning and promote operation of available; (4) form long-term territorial planning, five-year line planning and annual land use program. The conclusion of this paper shows that: (1) modify urban-rural planning law to unify the planning law provisions; (2) establish planning management committee to unify management of urban-rural territorial; (3) work out unified basic map and standard land classification to unify technical standard system; (4) improve the degree of public participation at different planning stage; (5) implement planning qualification management and industry access system and strengthen planning implementation and modification supervision management.
Research on the Temperature Gradients Change from Wuhan Urban Center to Suburb in Summer
Authors: Li Xue Song , Chen Hong , Han Meng Tao , Cao Jia Ying
Published: June 2012

This paper discusses the hottest topics which are about the global thermal environmental problem. Our group did some work in urban heat environment in Wuhan of China. Wuhan is a typical summer-hot- winter-cold city where the phenomenon of urban heat island effect is very strong. In order to find out the heat states of downtown and suburb, we carried out a field moving measurement in the summer of 2011. Two routes (according to the main wind directions) and 12 periods (the typical periods of heat island effect) were chosen by us for this experiment. As a result, we collected a series of data of temperature-humidity index, radiation temperature and wind velocity, made a good deal of graphs by data analysis and reduction. Finally we found several phenomena about urban heat environment, such as different positions of the knee points (inflexion) of the temperature at different time; the intensity of heat island effect from morning to evening. We have gotten some temperature scales about heat island effect in Wuhan. This conclusion provides a quantitative indicator for our urban renewal and redevelopment.
Study on the Sustainable Development Ability Based on Provinces in China
Authors: Wu Yan
Published: June 2012

In combination with regional economics and development economics theory，this paper built an evaluation index system on regional sustainable development capability from the 15 indexes by the angles of economic development level, social development level, resources and environmental conditions, and gave an comprehensive evaluation on the sustainable development ability in each province of China with the data of 2010 years. The results showed that the sustainable development ability in each province of China had risen ceaselessly as the economic and social development level；But the difference of sustainable development ability in each province is great, and over time, this difference has not been narrowing. Overall, the sustainable development ability in the east is strong, and that in the western region is very weak
Understanding and Implementation of Green GDP in China
Authors: Zhuo Yu Guo , Liu Jun
Published: June 2012

The concept and background of green GDP was described and successful experiences in foreign countries were introduced that give cities in China much enlightenment according to the concept of green GDP and successful experiences, and when many cities such as Hanchuan city in China develop economy environmental cost is considered that benefit to economy and society sustainable development.
Effects of Fly Ash Content on the Strength Property of Cement Concrete Pavement
Authors: Zhang Hong Guo , Wang Xiu Shan , Hao Pei Wen
Published: June 2012

Using ordinary material, calculating through the external addition method and then adjusting through experimental tests, the mixing proportion of cement mortar is determined. The testing results show that: when the water cement ratio is 0.50, the fly ash content is too large and the strength of cement mortar will sharply decrease with the increase of its content. Therefore, the fly ash content in engineering cannot exceed 30% of the gelled material.
Crack Analysis of Stainless Steel Strand of the Building
Authors: Zhang Wei Fang , Zhao Shi Jun , Wang Shuang , Tang Qing Yun
Published: June 2012

A lot of cracks appeared on the surface of stainless steel strands, which have been installed for only a few months in a building construction. This paper analyzes the crack morphology, observes the fracture both macroscopically and microscopically, and analyzes its energy spectrum. Based on this, the hardness and chemical component of the steel strands are detected, and combined with metallographic analysis it is concluded that the property of the cracks on these steel strands are stress corrosion crack and the reason is that other strands whose corrosion resistance is much less than stainless steel 316 are mixed into these strands.
Microstructure and Reaction Mechanism during Fluorination of Isotropic Pitch
Authors: Zhang Jin Cai , Shi Jing Li , Guo Xue Min , Guo Quan Gui , Liu Lang
Published: June 2012

Isotropic pitch fluorides were prepared via the reaction of isotropic pitch with gas mixture containing F2 and N2 in a rotation nickel reactor. Isotropic pitch fluorides were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and elemental analysis. The results showed that the interlayer spacing of the resultant materials dramatically increase from 0.345 nm of the isotropic pitch to the range 0.643 nm to 0.798 nm. Further studies on the diversity of the functional groups indicated that the whole reaction process was composed of two steps, namely, diffusion of F2 inside the voids among isotropic pitch molecules on the surface of the particles and fluorination. The two processes interacted with each other and jointly determined the apparent speed of the reaction. The scanning electron microscopic micrographs showed that the larger bulk of isotropic pitch was gradually desquamated and became small particles, which can be attributed to the crack resulting from the volume expansion of the surface molecules of the isotropic pitch fluorides during the reaction. The final isotropic pitch fluorides were fine particles with diameters of less than 1 µm.
Experimental Study on Quality Control of Moderate-Strength Commercial Concrete
Authors: Sun Jing , Yuan Jing Shun , Cong Xiao Hong , Liu Hong Bo
Published: June 2012

For the quality control of commercial concrete, it is important to choose correct raw- material and mixture ratio. C40 and C50 concrete were prepared in dry and cold climate environment, using local raw materials and a large amount of fly ash. Specific researches were made about different kinds and dosage of superplasticizers on the slump of concrete, slump loss and the intensity of the impact. The results show that naphthalene series superplasticizer JK-2 and 30% of fly ash can ensure that slump of the mixture concrete reach more than 180mm, slump loss is less than 30mm in an hour, strength of hardened paste will not be reduced, and concrete can be prepared with low costs.
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(N-arylenebenzimidazole sulfone)
Authors: Xu Ye Wei , Tang Jie , Chang Guan Jun , Zhu Fang Hua , Zhang Lin
Published: June 2012

Poly(N-arylenebenzimidazole sulfone), PNABIS, has been prepared via the aromatic nucleophilic displacement reaction of 1,4-bis(2-benzimidazolyl) benzene (BBIB) with bis(4-fluorophenyl) sulfone. BBIB was synthesized by the reaction of terephthalaldehydic acid with 1,2-phenylenediamine in polyphosphoric acid. The chemical structure of BBIB was confirmed by FT-IR, high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and NMR spectroscopy. The characterization of the polymer was performed with FT-IR, NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and solubility tests. The polymer was obtained in quantitative yield with Mn value 11000 and Mw value 25300, respectively. TGA measurements show that 5% weight loss temperature is 532 °C in nitrogen and 331 °C in air, respectively. In addition, the novel polymer exhibits good solubility, which can be dissolved in common organic solvent at room temperature.
Synthesis of a Bi-Quaternary Ammonium Salt from Rosin and its Inhibition to some Wood Decay Fungi
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thanh Hien , Li Shu Jun , Li Jian , Jin Yan , Liu Nan Xue
Published: June 2012

An anti-fungal derivative of rosin, bi-quaternary ammonium salt (B-QAS) was synthesized. First, rosin was modified by acrylic acid. Then using this modified rosin reacted with an intermediate quaternary ammonium (epoxy propyl triethyl ammonium chloride) which was the reaction product of triethylamine and epichlorohydrin. The final product was bisN-(3-rosin acyloxy -2-hydroxy) propyl-N, N triethyl ammonium chloride. The chemical structure of the product and its functional groups was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Its yield of greater than 80% was conformed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gravimetric analysis. Its anti-fungal activity was determined in vitro with a paper-disc method. B-QAS presented significant inhibitory effect for Trametes versicolor, Gloeophyllum trabeum and Postia placenta when its concentration was 0.5 mg/mL, whereas for Irpex lacteus the inhibitory effect was a little poor.
Study of the Anti-Dilution Properties of a Special Viscoelastic Gel Applied in Severe Lost Circulation Control
Authors: Wang Ping Quan , Li Zai Jun , Nie Xun Yong , Bai Yang
Published: June 2012

The special viscoelastic gel has been successfully applied to deal with severe lost circulation problem in more than thirty wells. It was demonstrated that the viscoelastic gel exerted important functions in dealing with the underground blowout-loss circulation coexistence problem in Shuangmiao Well 1, and the high H2S content blowout-loss circulation coexistence problem in Luojia Well 2, and high CO2 content blowout-loss circulation coexistence problem in Xushen-8 well H1. One of the important reasons why the gel was applied to deal with the problems successfully was that the gel has strong anti-dilution ability. The strong anti-dilution ability of the gel is one of the important reasons why to plugging successfully. This paper studied the heat of solution of the polymer ZND and heat of dilution of the gel-ZND based on thermodynamics. The smaller the heat of dilution is, the stronger anti-dilution ability of the gel ZND has. Chose the volume change rate through screening out to characterize the anti-dilution property of the gel and investigated the affecting factors. The experimental results showed that the quantity of screen residue decreased with the increasing of temperature, shear rate and shear time，but increased with increasing of concentration. Studied anti-dilution ability of gel-ZND in the fragmentized zone simulated by a large size plugging device. The displaced volume rates of gel-ZND with concentration above 1.0% displaced by equivalent pore volume water are all smaller than 16%. The displaced volume rate of the gel was less than 2% continuing displaced by the gel-ZND by two times pore volume water when water breakthrough came. It validated that the special gel-ZND had strong anti-dilution ability. The results provide experimental basis and theoretical guidance for resolving the potential safety hazard caused by severe loss circulation or blowout-loss circulation coexistence.
Morphology and Scanning Electronmicroscopy Analysis for Adhesion Wear of Carbide Tool when Machining GH 907
Authors: Shao Fang , Li Fa Qing
Published: June 2012

Superalloys (also as known as Aero-engine alloys)are known as difficult-to-machine materials, especially at higher cutting speeds, due to their several inherent properties such as low thermal conductivity and their high reactivity with cutting tool materials. In this paper , the adhesion wear of cemented carbide tool when machining GH907 was studied with white light interferometer, infrared imaging, and SEM-EDS. The adhesion wear morphology wear mechanism and the wear rule of adhesion were analyzed, and the effect of different cutting time and different cutting speed on adhesive wear were analyzed which will provide useful references for the optimization of cutting parameters and the improvement of the tool life.
Experimental Study of Equation of State for Concrete
Authors: Zhang Zhu , Jin Yan Juan
Published: June 2012

In order to study dynamic mechanical properties of concrete, the impact compression tests of concrete material under three different velocities are conducted using a light gas gun. Flyer and target are made of the same material, the manganin pressure gauge is used to measure the time-pressure curves of the samples. The measured time-pressure curves show that the stress peak will increase with the increase of flyer speed, and the stress peak at different locations will decrease with the increase of dissemination distance. It illustrate that concrete material has obvious rate sensitivity and energy dissipation characteristics. Then, through further analysis of the experimental data, the shock hugoniot relationship is determined, that is a linear relationship between the shock wave speed and the wave particle velocity. Based on the shock hugoniot data of the concrete, the high-pressure polynomial equation of state is fitted.
The Influence of Rheology for Different Superplasticizer on High Alumina Low Cement Castable
Authors: He Ting Shu , Li Zhu Kai , Huang Xiao Yan
Published: June 2012

Fixed the composition of matrix slurry in low cement castable, added different additives such as STPP, KS-JS70, GLENIUX, Rheoplus, LMS-P, determined the slurry viscosity by using the NXS-11A rotary viscometer, analysised the rheological properties of the different matrix paste.Studies have shown that: there is a certain influence on the slurry rheology for different species and dosage, and there is the appropriate dosage. Analyzed the mechanisms of different admixtures on the rheological properties of slurry on theoretical.
Effect of the Electrolytic Solution Composition on Properties of Ceramic Coatings on Ti Produced by PEO
Authors: Guo Ping Yi , Wang Ning , Fan Peng
Published: June 2012

Ceramic oxide coatings were produced on pure titanium by plasma electrolytic oxidation in different electrolytes. The variation of coating thickness with applied voltages revealed coating almost kept a steady-state growth rate in electrolyte A and B, but not for electrolyte C. Numerous nodules occurred on the surface of the coatings at 200V in electrolyte A and B, and then nodules disappeared with the applied voltage increasing to 300V. There was no nodules occurred, and pore size was evidently different in electrolyte C. When the applied voltage was 300V, the coating formed in electrolyte C exhibited the highest corrosion potential and lowest corrosion current density in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution.
Sustainable Development of China’s Cement and Concrete Industry
Authors: Ma Xin Wei
Published: June 2012

China's cement and concrete industry is still in rapid development period. Cement production and application consumes amount of mineral resources and fuels. A mass of greenhouse gases are released. Resource consuming and greenhouse gases releasing has a direct impact on resource depletion and global climate change. By using new technologies to reduce consumption of cement and concrete is of importance for conserving resources, reducing emissions and achieve the sustainable development of the industry.
Effect of Different Types of Coarse Aggregates on Strength of Concrete
Authors: Liu Yan Jun , Tia Mang
Published: June 2012

Different types of coarse aggregates have distinguished petrological, petrographical and mineralogical and local characteristics, thus, their effects on concrete strength development are quite significant, various and unpredictable. So, the laboratory investigation on the concrete mixtures using local aggregates becomes very necessary before used in engineering practice. This paper carried out the evaluation of two types of coarse aggregates constantly used in Florida, including Miami Oolite limestone and Georgia granite, on their effects on the developments of compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and elastic modulus of concrete with time. And the prediction models based on ACI and Cario-Lew are evaluated and modified. The investigation results indicate that the concrete mixtures with Georgia granite aggregate tends to develop lower strength than those with Miami Oolite aggregate. And the modified models give better prediction on strength development of the concrete mixtures with aggregates often used in Florida.
Factors Influencing Structural Performance of Finger-Jointed Chinese Fir Lumber
Authors: Zhou Hai Bin , Ren Hai Qing
Published: June 2012

Structural Finger-jointed (FJ) lumber is a common building material used mainly in timber construction. The paper evaluated the factors influencing structural performances of FJ Chinese fir lumber. Lumber was sawn from the logs following a pattern typically used in China to maximize the volume of recovered sawn timbers. After kiln-drying, the rough-sawed lumber was planned to 4.5 cm thick, 9.0 cm wide and 100cm long. The lumber pieces were assigned to two groups according to their dynamical MOE. FJ lumber is produced by cutting a series of sloping fingers on the end of the wood pieces to be joined and interlocking the two pieces by MDI glue. Bending and tensile strengths of FJ lumber were tested. The results show that the structural performance of the MSR FJ lumber was increased effectively after these units were machine-graded in advance and the interaction of variables should be considered in the design of finger joints.
Investigation of Durability of Wall Materials Concrete Prepared with Fly Ash
Authors: Xia Jing Liang , Wu Zhuan Qin , Shang Ren Jie , Li Bei Xing , Jiang Fang Xin , Yin Zhi Qiang
Published: June 2012

Based on durability of fly ash concrete, the freezing and thawing, impermeability and cracking resistance of fly ash concrete were researched. The results show that the frost resistance of concrete was reduced, impermeability and crack resistance were improved with increasing the fly ash content.
Preparation and Characterization of Nano Cr/H-ZSM-5 Catalysts for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane
Authors: Yang Min , Cui Hong Tao , Dang Qiong , Han Dian Jun
Published: June 2012

A series of Cr/H-ZSM-5 with different chromium contents were prepared by impregnation method. The samples were characterized by XRD, BET, NH3-TPD, FT-IR and SEM. The samples have the larger surface areas and sufficient acidity sites by characterization, also Cr species have existed in the catalyst surface.
Preparation, Properties, Formation Mechanism of Autoclaved Bricks from Waste Foundry Sand
Authors: Zheng Ying
Published: June 2012

Preparation, properties of autoclaved bricks from waste foundry sand and their strength formation mechanism were investigated in this article. Autoclaved bricks were prepared using waste foundry sand, crashed stone, fly ash, activators such as slaked lime, and special composite as starting materials, accompanying preparation process of wheel-rolling blending, molding with high pressure, and autoclaved curing process. Prepared autoclaved bricks have been authoritatively tested. The results show that strength reaches the standard of 15C, radium activity concentrations are lower than the limit in main building materials, coefficient of carbonization and data of drying shrinkage can be in consistent with Chinese fly ash brick standard. Leaching toxicity is lower than the standard. The strength formation mechanism was investigated by XRD and SEM techniques. The results show that under the conditions of high-temperature, high-pressure steam a mesh structure will be generated and assembly connected, thus forming the strength of autoclaved bricks.
Study on the Microstructure and Wear Mechanism of Grain-Refined Zinc-Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Yan Shu Qing , Wang Hui Xian
Published: June 2012

Some low-titanium aluminum alloys were prepared and the effect of titanium elements on microstructure and wear property of zinc-aluminum alloy was investigated. The test results showed that addition of titanium is an effective way to refine the grain size of zinc-aluminum alloy. As the titanium content is 0.04 wt%, the grain size becomes to be a minimum value. The wear resistance is also improved with the decrease in the grain size. This can be attributed to the grain boundary strengthening of the test alloys leading to strain hardening. SEM photomicrographs of the worn surfaces shows that the test alloys with and without grain refinement exhibit similar wear mechanism. However, the grain-refined sample of the alloy exhibited a more stable friction coefficient than that of the untreated ones under the same test conditions.
A Study on Application Performance of Limestone Powder in Cement
Authors: Feng Gui Yun , Sun Rong Rong
Published: June 2012

The background of research project were firstly introduced as well as current research status of limestone powder in concrete at home and abroad in this study, where current status of limestone demand for cement requirement was analyzed. Then, the mechanism of limestone powder was described, and the influences of limestone powder characteristics on cement performance in Dangziling Village were introduced. It was finally concluded that limestone powder had a good application prospect in cement as a modified material.
Research on Mechanical Property of Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymer
Authors: Wang Qing , Ding Zhao Yang , Da Jing , Sui Zhi Tong
Published: June 2012

The compatibility and mechanical property of two kinds of synthetic fibers to geopolymer were studied. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polypropylene (PP) were used as reinforcing fiber materials. The result shows that flexural strength of geopolymer is obviously increased by mixed with reinforcing fiber. PVA is better than PP in reinforcing the flexural strength, both of these fibers have no significant effect in reinforcing the compressive strength to geopolymer.
Effects of Kaolin on Engineering Properties of Portland Cement Concrete
Authors: Shen Ju Nan , Xie Zhao Xing , Griggs David , Shi Yao Zhong
Published: June 2012

The focus of this study was to determine the feasibility of using kaolin, a very small particle clay, as partial replacement of fine aggregates in Portland cement concrete (PCC). Kaolin clay is a locally available (Macon, GA, USA) and inexpensive clay mineral. The product, KaMin 90©, used has an average particle size of 1.5 microns and has a low embodied energy. The slump, air void content and compressive strength were examined on samples of PCC with different % of Kaolin. This research indicated the maximum kaolin substitution of fine aggregate for workability. An optimal dosage range for PCC cylinder compressive strength was also defined and found to be 33% greater than the control group. It was also noted that Kaolin engenders a soft and cohesive concrete mix that prevents segregation. A brief cost analyses was performed and determined the economic feasibility of Kaolin PCC.
Study on the Seismic Behavior of Green High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites Column
Authors: Li Xiu Ling , Luo Min
Published: June 2012

“Strong column and weak beam” failure rarely occurred in the Wenchuan earthquake, and the reasons were analyzed in this paper. A new type of frame column is presented, i.e. green high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (GHPFRCC) column, and the seismic behaviors are discussed. And this new type of structural member is vital to improve the seismic capacity of the frame structure.
Study on the Performance of Polypropylene Fiber Concrete
Authors: Zhang Hong Guo , Wang Xiu Shan , Hao Pei Wen
Published: June 2012

Through a series of laboratory experiments, we find that: Polypropylene fiber mesh, which is added to the concrete, can improve the performance of the road. But the use of polypropylene fiber mesh is not the higher the better. The recommended content is 0.9 Kg/m3.
Influence of Nanoscaled SiO2 Particles on the Pervaporation Performance of PDMS Membranes
Authors: Man Rui , Deng Xin Hua
Published: June 2012

In this article, the polydimethylsiloxane (103-PDMS) membranes filled with nanoscaled SiO2 particles were successfully prepared by polydimethylsiloxane (103-silastic) The effects of silica content, feed concentration, and feed temperature on the pervaporation performances of the 103-PDMS membranes were investigated for recovering propylene glycol methyl ether (PGME) from aqueous solution by pervaporation. It was found that adding the nanoscaled silica particles significantly improved the pervaporation performances of the 103-PDMS membranes. In addition, the possible causes were basically investigated by environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM).
Morphology and Mechanical Properties of a Novel Cellulose Nanofibers Based Nanocomposites
Authors: Xue Ying Ying , Li Da Gang , Deng Qiao Yun , Wang Yu Mei , Lin Dong Liang
Published: June 2012

The fibers were converted to nano-scale cellulose fibers by chemical and mechanical treatment in this paper. FT-IR spectroscopic analysis demonstrated that hemicelluloses and lignin were removed during the chemical process. After that, ultralsonication method was carried out to refine cellulose fibers to cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). The filtered CNFs film was freeze-dried. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images reflected a very high aspect ratio of single cellulose nanofiber was over 1000. The nanocomposites were fabricated to be transparent attributed to the good morphology of the nanocellulose. From the SEM images of fracture surface of nanocomposites, excellent distribution had been found in the nanocomposites. Elastic modulus of the nanocomposite film was determined through tensile test, which was typically higher than pure acrylic resin. Therefore, the obtained transparent nanocomposites with superior flexibility have the potential to be used as the base substrate for organic light-emitting diode display (OLED).
Relationships between the Volumetric Parameters and the Marshall Index for Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Fan Tong Jiang , Chen Hao
Published: June 2012

determination of the optimum asphalt content usually associates the Marshall Index with volumetric parameters for hot mix asphalt (HMA). Because unreasonable volumetric parameters may result in the asphalt content being more or less so that performance of HMA are influenced. Therefore in this paper, relationships between volumetric parameters and the Marshall Index were studied for two kinds of gradations, AC25 and AC13, which for each kind of gradation, according to the orthogonal test method, the pass percentages of aggregate between the each sieve size and the usage of asphalt contents were changed to form 50 sets of asphalt mixtures for the Marshall test and the volumetric parameters experiment. The results show that rank of influence significance of volumetric parameters on the Marshall Index is Gmb and VV, then VMA and last VFA. However, for fine aggregate (AC13) asphalt mixtures, as Gmb increases, all the MS and the FL increase. Meanwhile, as VV increases, the MS and the FL of AC25 asphalt mixtures increase, whereas for AC13 asphalt mixtures the MS decreases but the FL increases. So for proportion design of fine aggregate (AC13) asphalt mixtures, the fine aggregate and the asphalt content must be strictly controlled to meet the VV requirement and to avoid asphalt pavements to become over-densified. In addition, with VMA increases, for course aggregate (AC25) asphalt mixtures, MS and FL increase, but for course aggregate (AC13) asphalt mixtures, MS decreases but FL increases. Otherwise, the influence of VFA on MS and FL could be nearly ignored.
Microstructure and Interaction of Soil Matrix Reinforced by a Novel Material
Authors: Huang Xia , Chen Jia Chang , Chen Shi Yu , Shen Chang Yu
Published: June 2012

Microstructure and interaction of soil matrix with acrylic acid sol was studied. The effect of acrylic acid sol and soil loading in composites has been investigated.The SEM results indicate the formation of an intercalated structure.The mechanical properties of the composites are characterized. The dispersed acrylic acid sol improves the hardness and elastic modulus of the soil matrix systematically with the increase of acrylic acid sol loading.
Surfactant-Free Solvothermal Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Property of Zn2SnO4 Hierarchical Architectures
Authors: Jia Tie Kun , Wang Xiao Feng , Zhao Jun Wei , Liao Gui Hua , Wang Wei Min
Published: June 2012

Zn2SnO4 hierarchical architectures were synthesized via a solvothermal method. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the products were composed of a mass of nanoplates. The forming process of Zn2SnO4 hierarchical architectures was discussed and the proposed mechanism was put forward in this work. The photocatalytic activity of Zn2SnO4 structures was evaluated by the degradation of RhB aqueous solution and the results showed that hierarchical architectures had good photocatalytic property.
The Review and Prospect Based on Recycled Concrete
Authors: Bi Xuan Sheng
Published: June 2012

This paper analyzes the necessity of the research on recycled concrete, origins and properties of the recycled aggregate, the research status of material properties of recycled concrete, such as recycled concrete workability and mix design, mechanical properties, drying shrinkage and concrete creep of recycled concrete, durability etc, and the research status of structural members of recycled concrete, including columns of recycled concrete, beam-column joint of recycled concrete, frame structure seismic performance and so on, thus proves the research significance is great, moreover points out the future direction of the research on recycled concrete.
Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Pervious Concrete
Authors: Fu Li Bin , Zhang Ying
Published: June 2012

To improve the ecological performance of pervious concrete, single-factor test method was adopted to study the correlation between compressive strength, flexural strength and splitting strength, the effect of porosity to the strength was analyzed as well. The shrinkage characteristics were compared through experiments between ecological pervious concrete and no-fines pervious concrete, ecological pervious concrete and common concrete.
Tunnel Construction and Environmental Protection
Authors: Li Hong Jun
Published: June 2012

Highway tunnel is one part of the road project among highways located in the mountain areas, the mileage proportion covered by tunnels has become larger and larger, and naturally, tunnel has become an important part in highway construction. However, the environmental influence brought about by the tunnel construction deserves more attention. Combined with the particular environment of highway tunnel construction in northwest mountain areas of Hubei , this thesis accordingly puts forward the structure system of environmental organization, and some measures as well as suggestions on environmental protection, and aims at providing reference for environmental work of highway tunnel construction in mountain areas.
Laboratory Investigation into Applicability of Red Sand-Bitumen Mixture as Landfill Liner
Authors: Kariuki Stephen K. , Shahin Mohamed A.
Published: June 2012

Liners play an important role in control of contaminant transport to ensure negligible long-term environmental impact. Fill liners have therefore been designed with the requirement to perform as barriers that separate leachate from the groundwater system. Liners have been traditionally designed using clay or geo-membranes and geo-synthetics. However, these traditional methods are becoming increasingly uneconomical and out of reach of most undeveloped countries. Development of innovative barriers and barrier materials is thus essential to provide more sustainable and cost effective solutions. The aim of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of using a new mixture of red sand-bitumen, as a landfill liner. The results indicate that the mixture meets the limit value of hydraulic conductivity for waste landfills of 1 × 10−9 m/s and that the mixture has a high potential to be used in landfill applications.
Consideration on the Research of Coupling Models for Heavy Metal Contaminants Transport
Authors: Ma Fu Rong
Published: June 2012

Aiming at the characteristics of the deformation , loaded on the landfill, the bottom layer of tailing and the uncertainty and ambiguity of metals transport, recent development is analysed on China and abroad about the model of the contaminant transport and the heavy metals transport considering on the consolidation deformation. According to the analysis, the shortage is pointed out. When the coupling model of heavy metals transport is analysed, the nonlinear and the heterogeneousness of the coupling model of heavy metals transport based on the consolidation deformation must be considered, especially the model of heavy metals transport based on the consolidation deformation and the calculation method are established in special soils (such as expansive soil, the red clay etc.), which is the research emphasis and the development direction.
Preliminary Analysis on Protection an Ecological Evaluation System of Yellow River Delta Wetland
Authors: Zhang Xiao Lei , Zhang Feng Ran
Published: June 2012

Wetland ecosystem is listed as one of three supreme ecosystems, which has various ecological functions of resisting flood, regulating runoff, improving the climate, controlling pollution, beautifying the environment and maintaining the regional ecological balance. The health of estuarine wetland ecosystem is very important for the river to maintain its healthy life and to achieve the sustainable development of resources and the environment. Based on the analysis of the Yellow River Delta wetland resources, the authors established a series of ecological evaluation systems and put forward countermeasures of wetland conservation and sustainable utilization.
The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber on the Performance of Concrete Pavement
Authors: Shen Hua Rong , She Yue Xin , Gao Pei Wei
Published: June 2012

This paper presents the influence of the appropriate polypropylene fibers on the performance of cement concrete pavement. The experimental results show that the fibers can obviously reduce cracks and improve the mechanical performance and durability of concrete. When the content of polypropylene fiber is 0.8 kg/m3, the time of the first crack appearance is 45min and 2h 17min later than that of the concrete samples with 0.4 kg/m3 polypropylene fiber and plain concrete. Comparing with the concrete samples with 0.4 kg/m3 polypropylene fiber and plain concrete, the indexes of average crack area, numbers of cracks per area, and total crack area per area of concrete with 0.8 kg/m3 polypropylene fiber reduce 16.2%, 33.0%, 44.3% and 26.9%, 48.1%, 62.2% respectively. Comparing with plain concrete, the 7d and 28d compressive strength of concrete with 0.4 kg/m3 and 0.8 kg/m3 polypropylene fiber enhances 3%, 4% and 4%, 2%, the 90d tensile splitting strength enhances 7% and 10%, and the impact resistance performance of concrete enhances 130% and 250% respectively.
A New Monitoring Method of Wheel/Rail Contact Forces Caused by Out-of-Round Railway Wheels
Authors: Wang Zhi Chen , Song Ying , Shen Ying Ming
Published: June 2012

Traditional methods of wheel-rail contact forces measurement all need strain gauges on wheel sets or rails. The shortcomings of strain gauges such as zero-drift, poor anti-interference property and instability of test system can’t meat wheel/rail force test requirements in high-speed railways. A method based on PVDF piezoelectric sensing technology is presented for the test of wheel/rail contact force. Firstly, on the basis of the theory of vehicle-track coupling dynamics and by means of simulation software ADAMS/Rail, a three-dimensional train-track simulation model is established. Secondly, the modes and characteristics of wheel/rail impact vibrations due to non-roundness of railway wheels are investigated in high-speed railway operation. The relationship between the range for acceptable roundness values and vehicle speed is determined. Finally, the view that it is of important significance to establish wheel/rail force real-time monitoring system is expanded, so that abnormal conditions caused by out-of-round wheels can be detected in time, to ensure high-speed railway traffic safety. The study is very important for enhancing the stability and economy signification of rail transmission.
Performance Properties of GFRP Dowels in Concrete Pavement Joints
Authors: Li Yun Liang , Li Luo Ke , Tan Yi Qiu , Xue Zhong Jun
Published: June 2012

Dowels are used in jointed plain concrete pavements to provide lateral load transfer across transverse joint through shear force, effective load transfer at lateral joints can reduces stresses in the slabs. Steel dowels are generally used in engineering practice, but corrosive substance such as carbon chloride ions ,dioxide can free access and easily dispersed along the length of the steel dowels, therefor rapid corrosion can occur which can lead to premature failure of the transverse joint. Glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) dowels have been recently introduced as a possible solution to the corrosion problem posed by steel dowels. This paper given a comparison of the maximum shear forces of none eroded GFRP dowel at the joint face with the help of a three-dimensional finite-element model and investigated the performance of GFRP dowels under static and cyclic load. According to the experiment results, the larger-diameter GFRP dowels were found to perform the best in this study.
Highway Construction Quality and early Disease Control of the Cement Stabilized Gravel in Northeast Cold Region
Authors: Cheng Pei Feng , Liu Hai Long
Published: June 2012

The paper based on the early diseases in the construction discussed the construction quality control through raw material experiment,mix design,test data of indoor test and field test and the construction technology of the cement stabilized gravel base,analyzed the early diseases phenomenon,such as early cracks,frozen block,segregation in the construction.And proposed the feasible measures so as to ensure the construction quality of cement stabilized macadam.
Mechanical Properties of Coal Gangue Used as Subgrade Filling
Authors: Peng Ying , Yang Jun Sheng , Liu Jian Hua
Published: June 2012

In view to the gangue characteristic and the roadbed padding's essential requirements, the improving experiments for gangues mix the clay in four coal mines along the route to the Jidong highway Huojia section were carried out. It has been studied that the compaction test, the oedometric test, the California bearing test and the direct shear test for coal gangues mixed with clay and them in proportion of 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 respectively. The result indicated the compression modulus, the CBR values and the shearing strength of the coal gangue have been increased in varied degree. It was found that its intensity satisfies the design requirement of roadbed by application of the coal gangue mixed with clay as road filling
The Research on the Temperature Resistance Test of Polypropylene Geotextile in Asphalt Overlay
Authors: Hou Rong Guo , Tian Bo , Quan Lei
Published: June 2012

The melting point of polypropylene geotextile is 170 centigrade. However, during the repaving design of the old cement concrete pavement, the paving temperature of the asphalt mixture is often 160-170 centigrade or above. Therefore, it is very important to verify that whether the polypropylene geotextile can be paved under a high temperature. Through the modeling and analysis of temperature fields and relevant temperature tests in the laboratory, the paper has tested the surface temperatures of the polypropylene geotexile when the asphalt mixture is paved under a high temperature. The results show that, under a simulated paving temperature of over 190 centigrade, the highest temperature of polypropylene geotextile is only about 160 centigrade, which is lower than its melting point. Therefore, the polypropylene geotextile can be used for the paving under a high temperature.
Planting Optimization of Glare Avoidance Model on Flat Road
Authors: Yu Hai Qi , Yang Qing , He Feng , Wu Chao , Gong Liu Liu
Published: June 2012

In order to solve the problem of the glare avoidance on flat road, studying the high-grade highways' planting model through field measurements and modeling methods. Based on the flat road model and geometric rules, putting up an anti-'s’ shape planting model. According to the measured data of the City Second Ring Road (Two stage highway) of Jinhua, verifying the feasibility of the model. Depending on the results, a series of suggestions were provided to reduce planting cost, expand the shielding angle and to solve the security problem.