bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immune Profiling of Combined Hepatocellular- Cholangiocarcinoma Reveals Distinct Subtypes and Activation of Gene Signatures Predictive of Response to Immunotherapy
Authors: Nguyen Cong Trung , Caruso Stefano , Maille Pascale , Beaufrère Aurélie , Augustin Jérémy , Favre Loetitia , Pujals Anaïs , Boulagnon-Rombi Camille , Rhaiem Rami , Amaddeo Giuliana , di Tommaso Luca , Luciani Alain , Regnault Hélène , Brustia Raffaele , Scatton Olivier , Charlotte Frédéric , Brochériou Isabelle , Sommacale Daniele , Soussan Patrick , Leroy Vincent , Laurent Alexis , Le Van Ky , Ta Van To , Trinh Hong Son , Tran Thi Lan , Gentien David , Rapinat Audrey , Nault Jean Charles , Allaire Manon , Mulé Sebastien , Zucman-Rossi Jessica , Pawlotsky Jean-Michel , Tournigand Christophe , Lafdil Fouad , Paradis Valérie , Calderaro Julien
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a rare malignancy associated with an overall poor prognosis. We aimed to investigate the immune profile of cHCC-CCA and determine its impact on disease outcome.

Experimental Design:

We performed a multicenter study of 96 patients with cHCC-CCA. Gene expression profile was analyzed using nCounter PanCancer IO 360 Panel. Densities of main immune cells subsets were quantified from digital slides of IHC stainings. Genetic alterations were investigated using targeted next-generation sequencing.

Results:

Two main immune subtypes of cHCC-CCA were identified by clustering analysis: an “immune-high” (IH) subtype (57% of the cases) and an “immune-low” (IL) subtype (43% of the cases). Tumors classified as IH showed overexpression of genes related to immune cells recruitment, adaptive and innate immunity, antigen presentation, cytotoxicity, immune suppression, and inflammation (P < 0.0001). IH cHCC-CCAs also displayed activation of gene signatures recently shown to be associated with response to immunotherapy in patients with HCC. Quantification of immunostainings confirmed that IH tumors were also characterized by higher densities of immune cells. Immune subtypes were not associated with any genetic alterations. Finally, multivariate analysis showed that the IH subtype was an independent predictor of improved overall survival.

Conclusions:

We have identified a subgroup of cHCC-CCA that displays features of an ongoing intratumor immune response, along with an activation of gene signatures predictive of response to immunotherapy in HCC. This tumor subclass is associated with an improved clinical outcome. These findings suggest that a subset of patients with cHCC-CCA may benefit from immunomodulating therapeutic approaches.
Mapa de confiabilidade: um método quantitativo para análise do grau de confiança nas reconstruções digitais de patrimônios históricos demolidos ou fortemente modificados
Authors: Gomes Emerson Bruno de Oliveira , Araujo Talita Simão Luiz , Ferraz Abner Simões Portilho , Aflalo Anna-Beatriz Bassalo
Published: November 2021

O presente trabalho objetiva propor um “mapa de confiabilidade”: método quantitativo que visa informar o grau de confiança da reconstrução virtual de um cenário do passado, cuja reconstituição tenha partido, principalmente, de fotografias e mapas de épocas anteriores. O método proposto é dividido em duas partes: a primeira refere-se ao fluxo de produção do cenário 3D, que inclui a coleta de dados iconográficos e o cruzamento de mapas e fotos antigas, com vistas à modelagem tridimensional do ambiente, e a segunda parte, que diz respeito à utilização de um algoritmo (produzido no software @Rhino/plugin Grasshopper) que,  através das informações das fotografias, realiza  cálculos, cujo resultado é um mapa de calor que informa quais são as áreas que possuem maior ou menor grau de confiabilidade em relação às hipóteses do pesquisador sobre  o aspecto arquitetônico e urbanístico do local reconstruído. Por fim, como forma de demonstrar a metodologia quantitativa, aplicou-se o algoritmo em duas reconstruções virtuais que retratam épocas diferentes de um mesmo lugar. Escolheu-se como estudo de caso o Largo de Nazaré, localizado na cidade de Belém. A comparação dos resultados entre ambas as épocas mostrou que, apesar de se tratar da mesma área e das mesmas técnicas de reconstituição virtual, os mapas ajudaram a esclarecer onde cada maquete digital necessitou de maior ou menor grau de dedução, portanto, mostrou-se útil para auxiliar os leitores sobre quais partes são mais ou menos confiáveis em relação aos registros do passado.
Decoding and recoding informal settlements in a design studio: an overview of the world studio project
Authors: Verniz Débora , Lima Fernando , Duarte José
Published: November 2021

The world is experiencing a surge in its urban population accompanied by rapidly advancing urbanization processes. Contemporary cities are witnessing the rise of numerous urban and social problems, leading, in turn, to the emergence of informal settlements. In response, computational and parametric resources are increasingly being adopted to create innovative and effective approaches to urban planning and design. These resources can be used in informal settlements to improve urban quality without losing their essential features. This paper describes the World Studio, a teaching experience that began in 2017 and continues in the present day, in which undergraduate architecture and landscape architecture students learn how to use shape grammars and parametric tools to design for informal settlements in international contexts (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and Ahmedabad, India, to date).
Sex-Based Differences in Outcomes With Percutaneous Transcatheter Repair of Mitral Regurgitation With the MitraClip System: Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry From 2011 to 2017
Authors: Villablanca Pedro A. , Vemulapalli Sreekanth , Stebbins Amanda , Dai Dadi , So Chak-yu , Eng Marvin H. , Wang Dee Dee , Frisoli Tiberio M. , Lee James C. , Kang Guson , Szerlip Molly , Ibrahim Homam , Staniloae Cezar , Gaba Prakriti , Lemor Alejandro , Finn Matthew , Ramakrishna Harish , Williams Mathew R. , Leon Martin B. , O’Neill William W. , Shah Binita
Published: November 2021

Background:

Women have a higher rate of adverse events after mitral valve surgery. We sought to evaluate whether outcomes after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair intervention by sex have similar trends to mitral valve surgery.

Methods:

The primary outcome was 1-year major adverse events defined as a composite of all-cause mortality, stroke, and any bleeding in the overall study cohort. Patients who underwent transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for mitral regurgitation with the MitraClip system in the Society of Thoracic Surgery/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapy registry were evaluated. Linked administrative claims from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services were used to evaluate 1-year clinical outcomes. Associations between sex and outcomes were evaluated using a multivariable logistic regression model for in-hospital outcomes and Cox model for 1-year outcomes.

Results:

From November 2013 to March 2017, 5295 patients, 47.6% (n=2523) of whom were female, underwent transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. Females were less likely to have >1 clip implanted (
P
<0.001) and had a lower adjusted odds ratio of device success (adjusted odds ratio, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.67–0.90]), driven by lower odds of residual mitral gradient <5 mm Hg (adjusted odds ratio, 0.54 [CI, 0.46–0.63]) when compared with males. At 1-year follow-up, the primary outcome did not differ by sex. Female sex was associated with lower adjusted 1-year risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.80 [CI, 0.68–0.94]), but the adjusted 1-year risk of stroke and any bleeding did not differ by sex.

Conclusions:

No difference in composite outcome of all-cause mortality, stroke, and any bleeding was observed between females and males. Adjusted 1-year all-cause mortality was lower in females compared with males.
Therapeutic Forgetting and Its Ethical Dimension in the Daoist Zhuangzi
Authors: Wang Youru
Published: November 2021

This article utilizes recent Western approaches to the ethical inquiry into human activities of forgetting, especially the approach represented by Ricoeur’s work on memory and forgetting and their ethical functioning. The three areas of Ricoeur’s investigation includes the therapeutic/pathological area; pragmatic area, which deals with the issue of individual and group’s self-identity in relation to time and otherness; and the more explicitly ethical (social and institutional) area. These three divisions are useful to start with, but Ricoeur’s work shows some narrowness in neglect of positive, productive and healthy forgetting, which has been deemed significant by the Zhuangzi. This paper is the first of the author’s serial writings to apply Ricoeur’s three areas of forgetting to investigate the forgetfulness of the Zhuangzi, and examines therapeutic forgetting and its ethical dimension only.
Ricoeur and Cheng’s Parallel Reconciliations of the Right and the Good
Authors: Mason Joshua
Published: November 2021

Drawing on Paul Ricoeur’s “little ethics” and Chung-ying Cheng’s work on Confucian and Kantian ethics, this essay reinforces the broad outlines of a cross- cultural framework for reconciling conflicts between the good and the right, teleology and deontology, and perfectionism and liberalism so that we can recognize dynamic concerns across the grand sweep of moral life. Ricoeur and Cheng describe roughly parallel sets of relations and highlight similar dynamics among three planes of ethical life.
The Dystopian Plight of Womanhood and Fear in Zoya Pirzad’s Things We Left Unsaid
Authors: Heidari Afsaneh , Sasani Samira
Published: November 2021

Through Judith Butler’s theories, it is depicted that dystopia is embedded within our most precious ideals. Dystopia depicts a world in which the right to choose and self-discovery has lost all meaning, and in which individuals are tools through which ideology is implemented. Zoya Pirzad, in her book, Things We Left Unsaid, talks about the unfairness of cultural values. She questions idealistic attitudes towards life’s realities and invites us towards new definitions of humanity. It is revealed in this research that our attitudes towards humanity can be very rigid and restrictive; in a way that the differences that show humanity’s complexity and beauty are considered unpleasant and unnatural and the result is nothing but pain and unhappiness.
Petitioning the Waqf Cases: Conflict over the Abū Madyan Waqf, Old City of Jerusalem, at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century
Authors: Memiş Şerife Eroğlu
Published: November 2021

This article analyzes twenty-two petitions, held at the Ottoman Imperial Archives (boa) in Istanbul, submitted to the Council of State Registers (Şūrā-yi Devlet) at the beginning of the twentieth century by the mutawallīs (supervisors) of the Abū Madyan waqf, as well as by residents and representatives of the Maghāriba neighborhood in Jerusalem. These petitions concern the alleged mismanagement of the waqf by the mutawallīs, including the embezzlement of funds and violation of the conditions stipulated in the waqf’s endowment deed (waqfiyya). Through this analysis, the study aims to show how the waqf’s supervisors and the representatives of local political and religious authorities contributed to the confiscation of property, allocated to a waqf, for personal gain or to serve common interests, and, thus to the gradual disintegration of the waqf system in early twentieth-century Jerusalem. It also sheds light on the networks between local citizens (Maghribīs), waqf mutawallīs, local qāḍīs, and the central Ottoman administration and the sultan.
The “Constitutive Relevance of Models” (CRoM) Test
Authors: Hornbeck Ryan G. , Barrett Justin L.
Published: November 2021

This paper introduces a tool designed to mitigate a longstanding challenge to developing social anthropological theories of ritual – how to generate enough comparable case studies for rigorously testing the predictive strength and generalizability of the theory under scrutiny. Our “constitutive relevance of models” (CRoM) test identifies structural continuities between anthropological and psychological theoretical models of ritual phenomena that would justify sharing some analytical tools between models. With this test, anthropologists can in certain cases draw on a psychological theory construct’s superior empirical tractability to more efficiently identify instances of ritual phenomena that are suitable for developing and testing their own anthropological models. To demonstrate, we apply a CRoM test to validate the use of a construct developed under a psychological theory of ritual, Lawson and McCauley’s “ritual form hypothesis,” to search for case studies suitable for assessing the theoretical claims that anthropologist Roy Rappaport made for “highly sacred” rituals.
Josephus’s Paraphrase Style and the Testimonium Flavianum
Authors: Goldberg Gary J.
Published: November 2021

The controversial account of Jesus in Josephus’s Jewish Antiquities 18.63–64, known as the Testimonium Flavianum, has puzzling similarities to Luke 24.18–24, a portion of the Emmaus narrative. This article proposes an explanation based on established research into Josephus’s methods of composition. Through a phrase-by-phrase study, this article finds that the Testimonium can be derived from the Emmaus narrative using transformations Josephus is demonstrated to have employed in paraphrasing known sources for the Antiquities. Precedents are identified in word adoption/substitution and content modification. Consequently, I submit that the Testimonium is Josephus’s paraphrase of a Christian source. This result also resolves the difficulties that have raised doubts about the Testimonium’s authenticity, with implications for the understanding of the historical Jesus.
A dog and his man
Authors: von Bogendorf Rupprath Cynthia
Published: November 2021

In 1634 the chief judicial officer of Leiden’s strict Counter-Remonstrant government, Willem de Bont, held an extravagant funeral for his pet dog Tyter. News of the event produced a flurry of satirical songs (by the persecuted Remonstrants) and poems (by Vondel and others), castigating the childless Bont for giving his dog a funeral normally reserved for a child of the elite. These satires illuminate aspects of the human-dog relationship amidst the theological-political turmoil of early seventeenth-century Leiden. The popular assumption that the Remonstrants hanged Tyter leads to a study of contemporary criminal prosecution of animals and humans alike, and a look at contradictions in the treatment of Leiden’s dogs. Visually, the serenity of Jan Miense Molenaer’s pendant paintings of the event belie the satires. Ironically, Bont thought of his dog as a fellow human but treated the Leiden Remonstrants like dogs, while many regarded Bont himself as a beast.
‘Man carries all animals within himself’
Authors: Georgievska-Shine Aneta
Published: November 2021

This article addresses Rubens’s perspective on the human-animal by focusing on the satyr as one of his favourite mythological characters. This profoundly liminal being appears in a variety of roles throughout his oeuvre, including several paintings that remained in his private collection. In some of them, the satyr is primarily a figure for unbridled lustfulness and sensuality. In many others, however, this hybrid creature appears to hold the key to some of the mysteries of nature itself. Another facet of this analysis concerns the long-standing connection between this mythological character and literary satire. Rubens’s satyr-themed images bear a number of salient qualities of this literary genre as one that destabilizes boundaries: between the beautiful and the repulsive, the tragic and the comical, the sublime and the grotesque.
Painted by nature, printed by artists
Authors: Mandrij V.E.
Published: November 2021

This article brings the 17th-century Dutch painter Otto Marseus van Schrieck and the contemporary German artist Maximilian Prüfer into dialogue. It investigates in particular Marseus’ and Prüfer’s use of butterfly scales as materials and motifs in their works of art. Both artists developed a similar technique of butterfly imprints (lepidochromy), which consists of transferring the scales of real butterflies onto another surface. The imprints thus combine medium with representation and the object being represented. The artists used a variety of animal substances to make their artworks, some still visible, some not, and gathered living animals to depict after life or to work with in other ways. Knowledge of and interest in natural history inform the work of both artists but their reflections on human relationships with other animals and with ‘nature’ differ.
Gamasiphis species (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ologamasidae) from Ecuador, with description of a new species and new records
Authors: MELO-MOLINA ELSA L. , SANTOS JANDIR C. , DE MORAES GILBERTO J. , CASTILHO RAPHAEL C.
Published: November 2021

Gamasiphis Berlese is the most diverse genus of Ologamasidae, with 74 described species, seven of which were described from Ecuador. The main objective of this paper is to report the Gamasiphis species found in surveys recently conducted in Ecuador, including a new species here described, Gamasiphis vikkiae Melo-Molina & Santos n. sp. Complementary descriptions of two previously described species, also collected in this study, are presented.
Adoption of Biomedical Ceramic iRoot BP in the Treatment of Localized Pulpitis in Children
Authors: Peng Baoying , Feng Na , Tan Junyan
Published: November 2021

To explore the clinical efficacy of biomedical ceramic iRoot BP in the treatment of localized acute pulpitis in children, and the effect of iRoot BP on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), 72 localized acute pulpitis children admitted to our hospital from September 2018 to September 2019 were selected and divided into group A (treated with MTA pulp capping material) and group B (treated with iRoot BP material), and the clinical effect, pain degree, and adverse reactions (ADR) rate were compared. The effects of iRoot BP on hDPSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were analyzed; the proliferative activity of cells in iRoot BP group, MTA group, and control group (C group) were measured by cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8) assay, the ability of cell mineralized nodular formation was observed via alizarin red staining; and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) andWestern blot were adopted to determine the expression of osteogenic related genes of hDPSCs and key proteins of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. After 1 week of treatment, the clinical efficacy of group B was more favorable in contrast with group A (P< 0.05); the pain of children in group B was notably better in contrast with group A, and incidence of ADR was notably lower in contrast with group A (P< 0.05). 5.0 mg/mL, 10.0 mg/mL, and 30 mg/mL iRoot BP or MTA could improve cell proliferation activity (P< 0.01); the effect of iRoot BP on proliferation of hDPSCs was greater in contrast with MTA (P< 0.05); and the integral optical density (IOD) value of iRoot BP group was notably higher in contrast with MTA group (P< 0.01). The mRNA expression levels of collagen-I (COL-I), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and osteocalcin (OC) in MTA group and iRoot BP group were notably higher in contrast with C group (P< 0.01); the COL-I mRNA expression level of iRoot BP group was notably higher in contrast with MTA group (P< 0.01); the mRNA expression level of BSP in MTA group was notably higher in contrast with iRoot BP group (P< 0.01); the relative protein expression levels of phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) and phospho-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) in MTA group and iRoot BP group were notably higher in contrast with C group (P< 0.01); and the relative expression level of p-ERK protein in iRoot BP group was higher in contrast with MTA group (P< 0.05). These results indicated that the clinical efficacy of biomedical ceramic iRoot BP was better than MTA in the preservation of live pulpitis in children, and the patients treated with iRoot BP had better pain recovery effect and lower risk of ADR. The effect of iRoot BP on the proliferation and mineralization of hDPSCs was better than that of MTA, and it may promote the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs by activating MAPK signaling pathway and regulating gene expression of COL-I, BSP, and OC.
Effect of Type 1 Collagen Bioactive Material Scaffold on the Recovery of Sports-Caused Cartilage Injury
Authors: Jiang Xiaocheng , Ren Yuxiang , Zhang Xintao , You Tian , Ren Shiyou , Xie Xiaoxiao , Zhou Ri , Li Canfeng , Zhang Wentao
Published: November 2021

This study was aim to investigate the effect of type 1 collagen (Col I) bioactive scaffold on regeneration and repair of motor cartilage injury. Fifteen New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into sham operation group (Sham group, only cartilage was exposed, no defect was made),
model group Focal cortical dysplasias (FCD) group, cartilage defect model], and treatment group (Col I group, cartilage defect + Col I bioactive scaffold treatment). The cartilage tissue of each group was detected 16 weeks after the operation. Immunohistochemistry and Western Blot were adopted
to detect the expression of cartilage related proteins in each group. The results showed that Col I bioactive scaffold could repair the gross morphology of cartilage defect, promote the regeneration and repair of chondrocytes in defect area, and reduce the mast cells in defect area. Western
Blot detection of the expression of signal pathway marker proteins showed that expression of Wnt protein, β-catenin protein, and phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) protein in the FCD group were significantly reduced than Sham group (P < 0.05), while the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate
carboxykinase 1 (PEPCK1) protein was significantly increased (P < 0.05). Expression of Wnt protein, β-catenin protein, and PFK-1 protein in Col I group increased significantly versus FCD group (P < 0.05), while the expression of PEPCK1 protein significantly
decreased (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Col I bioactive scaffolds could regenerate and repair cartilage defects, and the mechanism may be related to Wnt signaling pathway and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway.
Regulatory Mechanism of Neurotrophin Receptor-Interacting Melanoma Antigen Coding Gene Homolog (NRAGE) Gene Methylation on Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cell Under Tyrosine Kinases/Methyl Ethyl Ketone/Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinases Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wen Ningxiao
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study was to discover the influence of Neurotrophin receptor-interacting MAGE homolog (NRAGE) gene methylation on proliferation (Pro) and apoptosis (Apo) of breast cancer cell (BCC), and its influence on TrkA/MEK/ERK signaling. BCC lines MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and normal
mammary gland cell (MGC) MCF-10 were selected. Expression of NRAGE mRNA and methylation level in cells was analyzed via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and methylation-specific PCR. Different concentrations (0, 5, 10 mol/L) of DNA methylase inhibitor 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine
(5-Aza-CdR) were adopted to treat the BCC cell line. With dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) treatment as control, cell count, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry, and Western blot were adopted to detect the Pro, Apo, relative expression (REP) of
Apo-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax, and target proteins TrkA, MEK, and ERK1/2 after different treatments. The results showed that NRAGE mRNA level in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 was notably reduced versus MCF-10 (P < 0.05), and they could express methylated NRAGE specifically. 5-Aza-CdR can
increase unmethylated NRAGE’s expression in BCC. Cell Pro level of the 5 and 10 mol/L treatments was greatly inhibited than DMSO and 0 mol/L treatments (P < 0.05). Apo rate and Apo-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax increased obviously (P < 0.05). In addition, the phosphorylation
levels of TrkA in the 5 and 10 mol/L treatments were considerably reduced (P < 0.05), while that in MEK and ERK1/2 was remarkably increased (P < 0.05). In short, NRAGE methylation can inhibit BCC’s Pro and regulate BCC’s Pro and Apo through TrkA/MEK/ERK signaling.
Effects of Lactobacillus on Interleukin-4 (IL-4), Tumour Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-Alpha) and Immune Function in Allergic Rhinitis Rats
Authors: Jiang Liang , Liu Dianzhong , Hu Xiaoyan
Published: November 2021

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a type of nasal mucosal inflammation. Lactobacillus plays a critical role in maintaining micro-ecological balance. This study aims to detect its effects on IL-4, TNF-α, Th1 and Th2 in AR sprapue-dawley (SD) rat after lactobacillus intervention.
Ovalbumin (OVA) allergic AR SD rat model was established and assigned into model group, experimental group and blank group followed by analysis of Nasal mucosa under the microscope, IL-4 and TNF-α level by ELISA and immunohistochemistry assay, and Th1 and Th2 cells in spleen by
flow cytometry. AR symptom in experimental group was significantly severe compared to blank group, but relative better compared to model group (p < 0.05). Nasal mucosal hyperemia and inflammation was significantly ameliorated in experimental group with significantly increased Th1
cells and Th1/Th2 ratio and decreased Th2 cells compared to model group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Lactobacillus intervention reduced IL-4 and TNF-α expression in serum and tissue and ameliorated the inflammation in AR rat.
miR-140-Modified Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Chemotherapy Sensitization in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via Targeting Microtubule Depolymerization Protein 1 (STMN1)
Authors: Guo Xiaoli , Cheng Xiaodong
Published: November 2021

Effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the sensitivity of chemotherapy drugs and microRNAs (miRNAs) is still unclear. This study explored the role of miR-140 modified BMSCs in enhancing paclitaxel sensitivity of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). Hela cells, BMSCs
cells, and miR-140 modified BMSCs were transfected with miR-140 mimic, miR-140 inhibitor, and miR-140 NC, respectively. After transfection, they were co-cultured with Hela cells and paclitaxel to set up miR-140 mimic group, miR-140 inhibitor group, and miR-140 NC group (without paclitaxel
treatment) followed by analysis of cell proliferation, apoptosis, ROS generation, expression of miR-140, STMN1, STAT3, p-STAT3, and survivin mRNA and protein. miR-140 inhibitor group showed lowest cell proliferation number and expressions of miR-140, STMN1, STAT3, p-STAT3, and survivin mRNA
and protein with highest number of apoptotic cells, which were all reversed in miR-140 mimic group. There was a positive correlation between STMN1 level and miR-140 expression (r = 0.449, P = 0.108). BMSCs modified with miR-140 inhibitor can target STMN1, enhance the sensitivity
of chemotherapy drugs, and exert an inhibitory effect on CSCC cell proliferation, suggesting that STMN1 might be a therapy target for treating CSCC.
Double Diffusive Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Natural Convection and Entropy Generation in a Discretely Heated Inclined Dome-Shaped Enclosure Filled with Cu-Water Nanofluid
Authors: Parveen Rujda , Mondal Priyajit , Mahapatra Tapas Ray
Published: November 2021

This research presents an investigation of laminar two-dimensional double-diffusive free convection and entropy formation in an inclined enclosure under the influence of an inclined magnetic field. The performance of natural convective heat transfer can be improved by doing modifications
in enclosure geometry that impact the flow structure. We have considered a dome-shaped enclosure to examine the heat and mass transfer performance. The enclosure is saturated with Cu-water nanofluid and the two sidewalls of the enclosure are maintained at constant temperature Tc(<Th)
and concentration cc(<ch). The top-curved wall is adiabatic, and the lower wall is discretely heated and concentrated. The governing equations are first non-dimensionalized and then written in stream function-velocity formulation that is solved numerically
using the Bi-CGStab method. A comparison with previously published work in literature is presented and found to be in excellent agreement. Numerical simulations are performed for various values of considered parameters such as Rayleigh number (Ra), Hartmann number (Ha), the orientation
of magnetic field (γ), volume fraction of nanoparticles (Φ), and inclination angle of the enclosure (δ). The mentioned parameters have a substantial impact on the cavity flow characteristics. The obtained results demonstrate that the average Sherwood number
and Nusselt number are decreasing functions of both the Hartmann number and inclination angle of the enclosure. The minimum heat and mass transfer took place at δ = 135° as the angle of inclination of the enclosure restrains the fluid velocity and reduces the heat transfer
rate. Also, entropy generation analysis is conducted for all the considered parameters. The results show that the dome-shaped enclosure has a substantial impact on the fluid flow that enables a smoother and more effective flow inside the cavity, which improves the natural convective heat and
mass transmission.
The Influence of Elasticity on Peristaltic Flow of Nanofluid in a Tube
Authors: Haseena C. , Srinivas A. N. S. , Selvi C. K. , Sreenadh S. , Sumalatha B.
Published: November 2021

In this paper, a mathematical model is proposed to study the influence of elasticity on peristaltic flow of nanofluid in a vertical tube with temperature dependent viscosity. The expressions for axial velocity, temperature, flux and pressure gradient are derived. The different nanofluids
suspensions are consider to analyze the influence of elasticity on flux variation. Application of blood flow through veins is studied by expressing relationship between pressure gradient and volume flow rate in an elastic tube. The effect of different pertinent parameters on the flow characteristics
of nano fluid in an elastic tube with peristalsis is analyzed through graphs. The variation in flux for different nanofluids like pure water H2O, Copper-water nanofluid CuO + H2O, Silver-water Ag + H2O and Titanium oxide-water nanofluid TiO2 + H2O
are illustrated through graphs. The variation in flux for various physical parameters such as amplitude ratio, heat source parameter, Grashof number, viscosity parameter and elastic parameters are discussed. The flux takes higher values for nano particles case when compared to pure water.
The flux enhances with amplitude ratio, Grashof number, heat source/sink factor and viscosity factor. The flux is more for the Titanium oxide-water nanofluid TiO2 + H2O when compared to remaining cases. The important observation is that pressure rise along mean flow rate
is increase due to raise in temperature of source or sink in puming region and decreases in co pumping region. In the absence of elastic parameter (α″ = 0), the results observed in the present study are similar to that of results observed by O. A. Beg et al., Results
in Physics 7, 413 (2017).
Three shades of dismemberment anxiety about Armenians in Turkish politics
Authors: Nefes Türkay Salim
Published: November 2021

This article explores the significance of perceived threats about dismemberment in Turkish politics, also called the Sèvres syndrome. Relying on a qualitative content analysis of Turkish parliamentary records, it scrutinises how the syndrome influences the debates about Armenians between 1983 and 2018. It demonstrates that Turkish politicians refer to the syndrome in three manners: (1) Armenians had tried to dismember; (2) Armenians could create conditions to dismember again and (3) Armenians are actively attempting to dismember. The study concludes that the syndrome presents an obstacle to a peaceful Turkish–Armenian relationship by recalling Turkish victimhood in the past and relating it to contemporary contexts.
Not (Entirely) Guilty: The Role of Co-offenders in Diffusing Responsibility for Crime
Authors: Rowan Zachary R. , Kan Emily , Frick Paul J. , Cauffman Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

Objectives: Test the diffusion of responsibility hypothesis by examining associations between the presence, number, and role of co-offenders and adolescents’ perceived responsibility for criminal behavior. Methods: The study uses data from the Crossroads Study, a longitudinal study of 1,216 male adolescents who were arrested for the first time. A series of generalized ordered logistic regressions assess how different features of the group context are linked to adolescent offending. Models first examine the relationship between the presence of a co-offender and adolescents’ perceptions of responsibility for their crime, followed by co-offending specific models examining the impact of the number of co-offenders and role in the co-offense. Results: Adolescents’ perceptions of responsibility for criminal behavior decrease when they co-offend, as the size of the group increases, and when crime is not solely their idea. Conclusions: The study's findings are consistent with the diffusion of responsibility hypothesis, which highlights an important psychological experience tied to the group context. The findings contribute to our understanding of adolescent risky decision-making and shed insight into how the group context may facilitate criminal behavior.
Discriminant analysis predicted undisciplined policemen
Authors: Liu Kuang-Tai , Yu Ryi-Kui , Ma Hsin-Yun
Published: November 2021

In the wider spectrum of Taiwanese public service spheres, the herculean services and dedication of its committed Police personnel have long been recognized, respected, and admired. However, regrettably, question marks concerning their conduct, discipline, and abuse of power have surfaced on intermittent occasions. A classic example that lingers in the public memory is the bribing of Taiwanese video game companies to some unscrupulous elements of the police department, in the closing decades of the 20th century that triggered public outrage and called for scrutiny concerning serious lapses in the discipline and conduct of Police personnel. This research paper endeavors to understand, analyze and address some of those issues based on empirical data on the police personnel of certain specific work zones/areas taking into account holistically both the sentenced police officers vis-à-vis the law-abiding police officers. This module looks into and sieves through available data for seven critical variables, including their degree of variation through the Identification and Analysis Method to develop a Predictive Model on Police Ethics and the important factors that affect Police Ethics. Concretely based on the integrated research, it is proposed that this Predictive Model has good applicability as well as accurate predictive ability in addressing the core issues that affect Police Ethics. It is hoped that through this Early Warning Predictive Model—all the stakeholders that are Policy and Decision-makers, Regulatory Police Agencies but more importantly the Police personnel themselves would effectively address the criticality of the issues that affect the Police Ethics so as to undertake competent and effective measures to erase/lessen the menace and provide an early rehabilitative care/assistance to build a strong, constructive and visionary Taiwanese Police Force to meet the challenges of 21st century and beyond.
Out of the ruins: Knut Hamsun’s ‘idealism’ and the inheritance of World War I
Authors: Rem Tore
Published: November 2021

In 1920, the Norwegian novelist Knut Hamsun won the Nobel Prize for literature for his novel Markens grøde ( Growth of the Soil) (1917). This article explores some of the key contexts for this work, highlighting the author’s own ambitions, the reasons why he sided with Germany during the war, and his generally völkisch perspectives on the Germanic and Nordic. It furthermore analyses the early reception of this World War I novel, and how it was first subjected to a number of positive readings and seen as an example of idealism, before being appropriated by Nazism.
Symbolism at war: Charles Ricketts and the politics of the stage
Authors: Vadillo Ana Parejo
Published: November 2021

This article considers the effect of World War I on Charles Ricketts’ work for the stage as an avant-garde set and costume designer. It looks at his cosmopolitan designs in the context of European symbolism. The first part of the essay focuses on Ricketts’ symbolist manifesto ‘The art of stage decoration’ (1913). The essay then examines his designs for three Shakespeare plays that toured Le Havre in 1918 to entertain the troops. I argue that, in the aftermath of the war, Rickett’s symbolism became the lens through which he assessed the complex political landscape of the 1920s, and suggest that his stance against realism politicized his practice and explains his interest in Mussolini’s fascism.
Double palimpsest: History and myth in the poetry of the Gallipoli campaign
Authors: Hibbitt Richard , Ulu Berkan
Published: November 2021

The Ottoman defeat of the British and French imperial forces during the Gallipoli campaign of 1915, known in Turkish as the Çanakkale Wars, had already shown how the theatres of war would extend beyond Europe. While much of the poetry in English that came from Gallipoli is well known in the Anglophone world, the Turkish poetry from Çanakkale is less well known outside Turkey itself. This article analyses selected Gallipoli poems written in both languages in order to show how they had similar recourse to overlapping narratives of history and myth in their efforts to place the experience of war within a wider transhistorical and transcultural framework. By reflecting on the different uses of this double palimpsest, it aims to show how a transnational and transcultural approach to memorial culture can develop our understanding of how the Great War was written.
Generic images, gendered responses: Virginia Woolf and the representation of belligerent violence
Authors: Toth Naomi
Published: November 2021

In Three Guineas (1938), Virginia Woolf voluntarily discusses images of the Spanish Civil War in generic terms. Susan Sontag famously criticized Woolf’s position, claiming that her decision to generalize ‘dismisses politics’, preventing the adoption of a clear anti-fascist stand on the Spanish conflict. I argue, on the contrary, that Woolf’s recourse to the generic turns the spotlight away from the Spanish front in order to make a very political point about the violence of patriarchy that structures the British viewers’ own society. Woolf does this by highlighting the role gendered experiences of the past play in shaping the viewer’s present perception of, and affective reactions to, images of warfare. This allows readers of Woolf’s fiction to more clearly identify the feminist thrust of her depictions of World War I’s impact on the domestic sphere in her novels of the 1920s, To the Lighthouse in particular.
Determinants of Visitors’ Loyalty to Religious Sacred Event Places: A Multigroup Measurement Invariance Model
Authors: Kamath Vasanth , Ribeiro Manuel Alector , Woosnam Kyle Maurice , Mallya Jyothi , Kamath Giridhar
Published: November 2021

Places hosting religious sacred events provide opportunities for visitors to find spiritual growth and also afford glimpses into the local culture, community, and hosting religious group. This study looks at tourists’ intended behavioral loyalty to a religious sacred event place as determined through motivations, shared beliefs, and emotional solidarity with other visitors, and memorable religious experiences. Data were collected from 985 visitors (556 domestic and 429 international) during the 2019 Kumbh Mela, held in Prayagraj, India. Contrary to previous studies, results indicated that emotional solidarity did not significantly influence attendees’ intended behavioral loyalty (among domestic visitors). Furthermore, in employing an invariance structural test for paths mentioned in the model, results revealed that the effects of shared beliefs, motivations, emotional solidarity, and memorable religious experiences differed among domestic and international visitors. Study implications and limitations are provided at the close of the paper, giving way to future research opportunities.
Cardiovascular Autonomic Function Tests in Patients of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sandhya M.  , Mittal Sunita , Kathrotia Rajesh , Rawat Vikram Singh , Singh Yogesh , Srikant S.  , Agrawal Megha , Mohan Latika
Published: November 2021

Background:

Patients with psychiatric disorders are at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease, reducing life expectancy. Autonomic dysfunction has been linked to this increased risk; many studies have found reductions in heart rate variability (HRV). Only a few studies have systematically explored the relationship between obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and autonomic function, and they have found contradicting results. The present study is intended to explore comprehensive autonomic functions in OCD patients and compare them with healthy controls.

Methods:

A total of 18 OCD patients meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - 5 (DSM-5) criteria were enrolled to undergo comprehensive autonomic function testing, and the results were compared with 25 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

Results:

Time-domain parameters of HRV such as standard deviation of the RR intervals, coefficient of variance of RR intervals, standard deviation of differences between adjacent RR intervals, root square of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent RR intervals, and percentage of number of RR interval differences ≥ 50 ms were significantly lower in OCD patients, indicating lesser parasympathetic tone. Frequency-domain parameters such as total power and very low frequency were significantly lower in OCD patients, indicating a significant decrease in autonomic tone. Nonlinear parameters such as dispersion of points perpendicular to the line of identity and dispersion of points along the line of identity were significantly lower in OCD patients, indicating altered vagal and sympathetic tone. In autonomic reactivity tests, the fall in systolic blood pressure during the lying to standing test and change in diastolic blood pressure during the cold pressor test were significantly altered in OCD patients, indicating abnormal sympathetic reactivity. There was no significant correlation between autonomic parameters and the severity of OCD.

Conclusion:

OCD is characterized by a decreased parasympathetic tone and abnormal sympathetic reactivity compared to normal controls.
When protest humor is not all fun: The ambiguity of humor in the 2017 Romanian anti-corruption grassroots mobilization
Authors: Dumitrica Delia
Published: November 2021

This article focuses on the ambiguous ideological work of citizen-produced humor in protest. Using the case of the 2017 Romanian anti-corruption protests as empirical data, the article shows how humor can simultaneously signal grassroots creativity and resistance to power structures, and reproduce conservative gender and class hierarchies. Unlike other types of texts, humor presents itself as an innocent and light message, absolved of the need for critical scrutiny. However, protest studies need to engage in a more nuanced way with the ideological articulation of democratic politics via protest humor by asking not only how humor helps protest communication, but also how it achieves shared enjoyment, for whom, and to what consequences for the ideological articulation of democratic politics. The article concludes by proposing that researcher reflexivity can afford a new sensitivity to the ambiguousness of protest humor.
An Application of the Theory of Representative Bureaucracy, Gender Concordance, and Symbolic Representation in the Health Care Context
Authors: Wright Kenicia
Published: November 2021

Although the United States spends more on health care than comparable nations, many Americans suffer from poor health. Many factors are emphasized as being important for improved health outcomes, including social and economic indicators, living and working conditions, and individual-level behavior. However, I argue the overwhelming attention to male health outcomes—compared to female health outcomes—and focus on factors that are “traditionally understood” as important in shaping health are two limitations of existing health-related research. I adopt an innovative approach that combines the theory of representative bureaucracy, gender concordance, and symbolic representation to argue that increase in female physicians contribute to improved female health outcomes. Using an originally collected dataset that contains information on female physicians, health outcomes, and state and individual-level factors, I study how female physicians influence the health outcomes of non-Hispanic White women, non-Hispanic Black women, and Latinas in the United States from 2000 to 2012. The findings suggest female physicians contribute to improved health outcomes for non-Hispanic White women and non-Hispanic Black women, but not Latinas. Supplemental Analysis bolsters confidence that the findings are not the result of increased access to health care professionals. This study highlights the importance of applying the theory of representative bureaucracy and symbolic representation to health care, the promise of greater female representation in health, and the insight gleaned from incorporating intersectionality in public administration research.
Changes in computed tomography perfusion parameters and maximum contrast enhancement in patients having hydrocephalus with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt: a pilot study
Authors: Lee Dongjun , Kim Eun Soo , Lee Yul , Lee Sang Min , Yoon Dae Young , Ju Young-Su , Chang In-Bok
Published: November 2021

Background

Acute hydrocephalus may decrease cerebral perfusion by increasing intracranial pressure. Computed tomography perfusion (CTP) has become a significant adjunct in evaluating regional and global cerebral blood flow (CBF).

Purpose

To investigate the changes in cerebral perfusion parameters and maximum contrast enhancement (MCE) in patients with hydrocephalus with ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS).

Material and Methods

We performed brain CTP in 45 patients, including those with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced hydrocephalus with VPS (n = 14, G1), hydrocephalus (not related to SAH) with VPS (n = 11, G2), SAH-induced hydrocephalus without VPS (n = 10, G3), and hydrocephalus (not related to SAH) without VPS (n = 10, G4). We measured the cerebral perfusion in the frontal white matter (FWM), centrum semiovale, basal ganglia (BG), and eight cortical lesions of interest and compared the differences in CTP parameters among the groups.

Results

Between the four groups, cerebral blood volume and MCE in the left FWM and CBF in the right FWM increased significantly in G1 and G2 who underwent VP shunt compared to G3 and G4, whereas perfusion significantly reduced in G3 and G4 who did not undergo VP shunt compared to G1 and G2. MCE in the left BG significantly increased in G2 and decreased in G3 and G4. SAH-induced hydrocephalus showed a lower perfusion than hydrocephalus (not related to SAH) in FWM.

Conclusions

Perfusion changes in patients with hydrocephalus after VP shunt were seen in the FWM and BG, which appears to be the result of the hydrocephalus reducing brain perfusion in the deep part of the brain. We concluded that SAH slows brain perfusion recovery.