bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Envoys or Diplomats? Envoys of the Polish Medieval Monarchs in Their Marriage Politics
Authors: Czwojdrak Bożena
Published: December 2022

Envoys or Diplomats? Envoys of the Polish Medieval Monarchs in Their Marriage Politics

Marriages of persons of high rank, especially in the past, were a matter of utmost importance. A well-selected alliance strengthened by a right marriage should be beneficial to both sides. It is, therefore, no wonder that the delicate matter of marriage policy was approached with due care and analysed from many sides, and the envoys who would eventually finalise a pact or enter into proxy marriage were very carefully selected. They were responsible for resolving all issues and for the success of the entire mission. However, did rulers always choose their envoys well in a matter as delicate as their future marriage? Political determinants were important in every relationship of this kind, but there was one issue which could not be resolved by negotiations alone — the image of the future spouse. The intricate structure of political ties strengthened by a marriage could be broken by the delicate matter of the looks of the bride. The monarch’s anger would turn against the envoys who had been entrusted with a mission, but who had made no mention of the doubtful beauty of the ruler’s future spouse. Yet did they have the right to refuse marriage — which had been decided upon and discussed many times with regard to political benefits — on behalf of their ruler after seeing her? After all, when entering into proxy marriage on behalf of the ruler they knew they were taking upon themselves his disappointment and anger. How could they behave in such a situation? How long did the monarch’s anger last and how was it manifested? Were the envoys sent to bring the future spouse tested in other diplomatic missions or was it their — sometimes not very successful — debut? I will try to answer these questions, using as my examples the marriage of Władysław Jagiełło to Anne of Celje and Casimir Jagiellon’s marriage to Elizabeth of Austria.
Foreigners at the Royal Court of Stephen Báthory on the Example of Inhabitants from the Lands of the Kingdom of Hungary
Authors: Kadzik Dominik
Published: December 2022

Foreigners at the Royal Court of Stephen Báthory as Exemplified by People from the Lands of the Kingdom of Hungary

In the early modern period royal courts were institutions which often employed foreigners in various positions. This was a common phenomenon across Europe, also in the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth. In this context the period of the first free elections, when a foreigner was elected King of Poland on each occasion, is extremely interesting. In this unique situation the predecessor’s court took on a significance that was different from that in the case of a dynasty — the newly elected king did not inherit the entourage
of the deceased ruler; at most he would hire some of the personnel to serve him. Moreover, the newly elected monarch would come to the Polish-Lithuanian state with a group of his compatriots, at least some of whom would end up in the new Polish court. From the point of view of the emergence of some phenomena and solutions at the time of the first free elections, the reign of Stephen Báthory seems interesting in this respect. In the article the author presents the number of Hungarians and the offices they held at the Polish court. In addition, he points to the fluctuations among King Stephen’s compatriots as well as their position and stature in the various categories of courtiers and court servants. He also seeks to present the question of the internationalisation of the monarch’s entourage in comparison with the Jagiellonian period in order to establish whether during Stephen’s reign the number of foreigners — in this case the ruler’s compatriots — was similar or whether there were any differences. Another problem examined in the article is that of the number of Hungarians in comparison to the Poles as the royal court, and the resulting attitude of the nobility to the “foreigners” surrounding the monarch.
Gustaf Brahe — An éminence Grise at the Royal Court of Sigismund III Vasa
Authors: Barwicka-Makula Aleksandra
Published: December 2022

Gustaf Brahe — An Éminence Grise at the Royal Court of Sigismund III Vasa

The article is an analysis of the figure of Gustaf Brahe — a Swedish courtier and diplomat in the service of Sigismund III Vasa. It focuses on the period of 1589–1592, when the Count of Visingsborg was commonly believed to be a person influencing the king’s decisions. Brahe found himself among the young Vasa’s trusted advisors already in May 1589, when negotiations began with Archduke Ernest over the cession of the Polish throne to the Habsburgs. He was the main executor of the monarch’s concept, coordinator of the king’s pro-Habsburg policy and his secret contacts with the Austrian House. He was undoubtedly instrumental in Sigismund III’s marriage to the Habsburg princess — during a congress in Reval he brought about an agreement between John III and his son, also over the young Vasa’s marriage to the archduchess, and then travelled several times as an envoy in this matter to the courts in Graz and Vienna. He was trusted by the Habsburgs, complimented by Emperor Rudolf II, appreciated by Archduke Ernest, and the king’s mother-in-law, Archduchess Maria of Bavaria, made him one of her correspondents. What brought Sigismund III and Brahe together was not just great politics, but also friendship of many years and shared interests — fondness for music and hunting. However, the relations between the king and the count became less close when Sigismund III abandoned the intention of returning to his homeland. The monarch’s decision in fact put an end to Brahe’s ambitious plans — to play the role of “the first minister” in Sweden. As a foreigner he had limited possibilities for promotion in Poland. In a way, he was doomed to operating informally, behind the scenes. With time more and more rivals emerged — Brahe was forced to compete for the king’s favour with a growing number of Sigismund III’s Polish and Lithuanian favourites. In 1594–1597 he was in Sweden, where, together with his brother Erik, he served as the governor of Stockholm, Uppland and Norrland. In 1598 he took part in Sigismund III’s military intervention in Sweden. In the following year he returned to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, where he remained until the end of his life (d. 1615). He rarely stayed at the royal court, settling in Gdańsk instead. It is highly likely that he continued to advise the king in Swedish matters. However, the last years of Brahe’s life are not very well documented by the sources and like many other aspects of his biography remain shrouded in mystery.
Friends of Power. The Problems of Friendship in Don Juan Manuel’s Thought (14th c.)
Authors: Assis-González Federico J.
Published: December 2022

Friendship is one of the ways for people to bond with each other and as such it is a political bond. In the Middle Ages it was a key element of a political system based on personal relationships. Classical authors, such as Aristotle, had defined it in terms of equality and reciprocity. But both notions were problematic for medieval thought, sustained in hierarchical links. Don Juan Manuel stands out among authors of that era, as his lineage placed him in such a high social position that he could have equal treatment with the king. The author of the present article analyses, from a political perspective, the forms of friendship described by Don Juan Manuel to understand how it is articulated with his theory about stately government of the kingdom.
„La vera vedova die vivare a Dio, e morire al mondo”. Le aspettative di Bernardino da Siena e Gilberto di Tournai riguardo al comportamento e i doveri delle vedove
Authors: Głusiuk Anna
Published: December 2022

“La vera vedova die vivare a Dio, e morire al mondo”. The expectations of Bernardino of Siena and Guilbert of Tournai concerning the behaviour and duties of widows

Drawing on the teachings of two medieval preachers, Bernardino of Siena and Gilbert
of Tournai, the author of the article presents the duties, virtues and vices of widows
of the period. The author demonstrates which of their behaviours were accepted or criticized by medieval society. As it turns out, every widow, regardless of her social status, was expected to be devout, modest, diligent and capable of overcoming all weakness. The most popular examples to follow were the biblical Anna and Judith, who emerged victorious from every, even the most difficult, trial. When it came to remarrying, the preachers urged widows not to think about remarriage, but to devote themselves to prayer, caring for children or grandchildren, work and helping their neighbours. Moreover, they recommended that widows lead a regularised lifestyle, like nuns enclosed within the walls of a monastery, even if they remained in the world. The vices most frequently criticized by the preachers included laziness, curiosity, debauchery and lust. However, according to the preachers, all these weaknesses could be overcome by prayer, fasting and penance.
Dwaj intelektualiści na krańcach Europy. Listy Wincentego Lutosławskiego do Francisco Ginera de los Ríos z lat 1896–1913
Authors: González Caizán Cristina
Published: December 2022

Two intellectuals on the outskirts of Europe. Wincenty Lutosławski’s letters to Francisco Ginera de los Ríos from 1896–1913

Between 1896 and 1913 Wincenty Lutosławski, one of the best known Polish philosophers, corresponded privately with the eminent Spanish philosopher, teacher and essayist Francisco Giner de los Ríos, founder of the Free Institution of Education (Institución Libre de Enseñanza), an educational body set up in 1876 in Madrid in order to made education independent of the state at a time when academic freedom was restricted. Lutosławski, an expert on Plato, regarded the Spaniard as an outstanding figure, calling him, not without reason, a “Spanish Socrates”. In 97 postcards and traditional letters, hitherto practically unknown to Polish scholars, Lutosławski touches upon philosophical and general scholarly subjects as well as mundane topics occupying him in those years and relating to his family life, role as a go-between the elites of various countries and Spain, and publishing. The personal and intimate nature of these writings makes them highly valuable scholarly as sources of insight into the way of thinking, details of personal life or various other matters that were of interest to or concerned this distinguished Polish thinker. Lutosławski’s correspondence with Giner is an extremely valuable source material for several scholarly disciplines, including history, philosophy, pedagogy, literature studies or mathematics. It contains a lot of valuable biographical information about both philosophers as well as other outstanding figures mentioned in the correspondence.
Między regulaminem a praktyką. Przyczynek do wyżywienia w wojsku habsburskim w czasie kampanii karpackiej 1914–1915. Casus c.k. 2 Armii
Authors: Błachnio Jan
Published: December 2022

Between regulations and practice. Feeding the Habsburg army during the Carpat hian campaign of 1914–1915. The case of the Imperial and Royal 2nd Army

The article contains an analysis of food supply for units commanded by the General
of the Cavalry Eduard Böhm-Ermolli of the Imperial and Royal 2nd Army operating in the area around Takcsány (now Stakčin) during the last months of the Carpathian campaign of 1914 and 1915. The article is based on archival sources stored in the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw — group number 321 containing archival materials created by the Takcsány branch in April 1915 and the files of the Austro-Hungarian supply services of the 2nd Army dated March 1915. In addition, the author uses the imperial-royal military regulations which specified dietary provisions and the organisation of services. On the basis of the above mentioned materials, the author examines a wide range of problems relating to the supply of food for the army. Another subject analysed in the article is that of the number of supply transports accepted by the branch and the percentage of food transports among them. In addition, the author describes issues relating to changes in the content of food transports over time, as well as possible deviations of the soldiers’ diet compared to the diet recommended by the army regulations. Particular attention is paid to the supply of meat, which was the basic ingredient of military meals. The article also deals with the impact of the presence of the army in the Slovakian foothills on the price of individual food products.
„Czy pójdziemy drogą jugosłowiańską?” Fascynacja jugosłowiańskim modelem ustrojowym i narodziny idei rad robotniczych w Polsce w 1956 r.
Authors: Sasanka Paweł
Published: December 2022

“Will we go the Yugoslavian way?” The fascination with the Yugoslavian model of the political system and the birth of the idea of workers’ councils in Poland in 1956

The author of the article presents the impact of the Yugoslavian-Soviet normalisation as well as normalisation between Belgrade and Warsaw on Poland’s internal situation in 1956. In particular, the article is a study of the political significance of the press and the impact of journalists on the events during the Thaw period, that is the spread in Poland of the ideas of workers’ self-governance modelled on the workers’ self-governing councils in Yugoslavia. The author argues that the press played a key role here in the period between the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the political breakthrough of October 1956. Authors of the most important articles — Irena Rybczyńska, Eligiusz Lasota, Artur Hajnicz and Tomasz Atkins — described the Yugoslavian decentralisation, decollectivisation and — especially — workers’ self-government. After the Poznań protests of June 1956 Poland’s communist government came under social pressure to introduce changes. Press articles put pressure on the leadership of the Polish United Workers’ Party, created accomplished facts, described the Yugoslavian workers’ self-government and spread information about initiatives setting up workers’ councils in order to democratise relations in factories. In October 1956 the biggest contribution in this respect was made by Express Wieczorny, which published extensive reports from Yugoslavia by Tomasz Atkins and then launched a campaign to combine isolated workers’ self-government initiatives into one movement. The power elites were interested in the Yugoslavian reports, but did not formulate a concrete programme, limiting themselves to vague announcements of “democratisation” and to an initiative to strengthen the discredited works councils. In mid-September 1956 the authorities, responding to the pressure, gave cautious approval to workers’ self-government. Transplanted to Poland, the Yugoslavian idea found in expression in the draft, prepared at the Żerań Car Factory, of the statute of the first workers’ council independent of the government, a document that served as a model for other enterprises.
Pociągi dezynfekcji. Walka z wszami na polskich kolejach w latach 1918–1920
Authors: Mieszkowski Łukasz
Published: December 2022

Trains o f disinfection. The Polish railways’ fight against lice in 1918–1920

Trains played a key role in the biggest typhus pandemic in history, which in 1915–1922 affected Central and Eastern Europe as well as North Asia, claiming the lives of at least several million victims. As the only effective means of transport for groups such as troops or refugees, the railways were conducive to the spread of the disease, but, on
the other hand, they were also used to fight it. One of the forms of using the railways
during the epidemic was disinfecting-bathing trains, to which the present article is devoted. It features three aspects of the functioning of such trains. First, their origins, detailed technical description and the history of the development of the Polish anti-typhus rolling stock. Secondly, the operation of the trains in conditions of constant structural shortages —characteristic of the first, wartime years of the Second Polish Republic — and the related issue of the effectiveness of the campaign. Thirdly, an attempt to present the functioning of the trains in the broad context of the fight against infectious disease epidemics from that period and suggestions of their possible interpretation in the light of anthropology and biopolitics. The article is largely based on the hitherto unpublished archive documents of the Sanitary Authority of the Supreme Command of the Polish Army and the Government Commissioner for the Red Cross.
„W końcu przyszło nam żyć w «ciekawych czasach»”. Studentów historii Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego zbiorowy dziennik pandemiczny („pierwsza fala”, marzec–czerwiec 2020)
Authors: Kochanowski Jerzy
Published: December 2022

“We’re finally living in interesting times”. A collective pandemic diary of University of Warsaw history students (“first wave” of the pandemic, March–June 2020)

The beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in particular was characterised by a mass scale
and diversity of forms of describing and recording the covid reality. They included journal and diary writing, both taken up spontaneously and initiated by universities, scholarly institutes or cultural institutions. The present collection is a result of my request to write a diary, a request addressed to participants in my seminars at the then Institute of History, University of Warsaw, immediately after the suspension of classes by the university authorities on 10 March 2020. I sought to encourage students to think about the situation and rationalise it, and to impose on them some discipline — not only intellectual — in the new reality. In addition, I was interested in the experiences of a formalised student peer group with diverse interests, social backgrounds, residential circumstances or jobs (a considerable part of them worked). All of them were unfamiliar with the experiences of shortages, isolation or fear for physical survival, experiences known (in a different form) to their parents and grandparents. The task was undertaken by 15 individuals — 5 women and 10 men. Their observations
of the pandemic reality often prove extraordinary mature, varied, insightful and fresh, marked both by humour and clear disappointment with politics. They provide an excellent illustration of the first months of the pandemic, of isolation and fear, but also gradually getting used to the covid reality. The students themselves indicated the fragments of their diaries to be made public. I sought to present complete entries in the resulting “collective diary” made up of these fragments, but this was not always possible (omissions are indicated in square brackets).
The entries have been completely anonymised, with their authors being identified, without a reference to their gender (which can be inferred from the entries anyway), by the abbreviation “Stud.” and a consecutive number, depending on the order of “appearance” in the collection.
Dlaczego Antonio Corazzi przyjechał do Polski?
Authors: Omilanowska-Kiljańczyk Małgorzata
Published: December 2022

Od około stu lat w polskiej literaturze naukowej obowiązuje ustalenie, że architekt Antonio Corazzi został sprowadzony do Polski przez Stanisława Staszica. Tymczasem szczegółowe badania pozwoliły mi ustalić, że przekonanie to nie opiera się na jakimkolwiek potwierdzeniu źródłowym. Przyjazd Corazziego do Polski był efektem decyzji o sprowadzeniu z Włoch młodego, zdolnego architekta, gotowego realizować ambitne plany architektoniczno-urbanistyczne rządu polskiego. Zaproszenie z prośbą o wskazanie kandydata skierował najprawdopodobniej namiestnik Józef Zajączek pismem do księcia Toskanii. Na decyzję tę mógł mieć wpływ Stanisław Staszic, ale bardziej prawdopodobnym członkiem rządu, zaangażowanym w ten temat wydaje się Stanisław Kostka Potocki. Decyzja, że to Corazzi ma pojechać do Polski, była efektem wskazania go przez środowisko architektów z akademii florenckiej, którzy kierowali się zapewne nie tylko jego talentem, ale być może też osobistą niechęcią z powodu jego konfliktowego charakteru, który objawił się już pod koniec studiów. Decyzja Corazziego o wyjeździe do Polski – jak się wydaje – nie wynikła też z jego ambicji czy atrakcyjności oferty, ale z chęci uniknięcia konsekwencji prawno-finansowych, wynikających z niespłacenia weksla. Ostateczna odpowiedź na pytanie zadane w tytule artykułu wciąż jednak jawi się jako – mam nadzieję – dobrze wsparta, ale jednak tylko hipoteza.
Meningkatkan Pemahaman Literasi Finansial Pada Siswa SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Kota Palembang
Authors: Aravik Havis , Tohir Ahmad
Published: December 2022

Artikel ini membahas meningkatkan pemahaan literasi finansial pada Siswa SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Kota Palembang. Hal ini dilakukan karena literasi finansial sangat penting dipahami dan diaplikasikan dalam kehidupan, menjadi salah satu dari enam dasar literasi. Tujuannya agar setiap siswa SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Kota Palembang memiliki pemahaman tentang literasi finansial yang dapat digunakan tidak hanya saat ini, melainkan setelah mereka bekerja bahkan berumah tangga. Metode yang dipakai adalah sosialisasi dengan cara pemberian motivasi dengan ceramah dan diskusi dalam bentuk sesi tanya jawab. Hasilnya memperlihatkan bahwa literasi finansial masih menjadi pengetahuan baru bagi sebagian siswa. Padahal literasi keuangan sangat memengaruhi perilaku keuangan yang positif dan pengelolaan keuangan itu sendiri. Dengan mengikuti kegiatan ini, mereka berharap akan mampu meningkatkan literasi finansial, dan berimbas pada pengelolaan keuangan secara baik dan terhindar dari berbagai tindak kejahatan keuangan.
Eco-efficient Prototype of Wastewater Treatment Plant Applying Clean Development Mechanism Methodologies – Mediterranean Countries
Authors: Fayssal Firas , Mourtada Adel , Ghandour Mazen , Daou Remi
Published: December 2022

Municipal wastewater treatment is committed reducing greenhouse gases emissions in line with United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) norms in order to preserve Earth's blanket and lower climate acute changes. Greenhouse gases emissions reduction is the avant-garde of municipal wastewater treatment technologies; however, the process requires particular segmentation of all phases to contain the excessive energy required for treatment. Consequently, Energy analysis is endorsed as essential to sustain a thermodynamic equilibrium of the treatment plant with its environment. Decarbonization, denitrification & phosphorus removal urge the exploitation of sustainable energy whether recovered or renewable to engine the treatment facility. This literature values compile the eco-design of wastewater treatment plant with the avant-garde technologies of greenhouse gases emissions reduction, considering environmental aspects at all stages of treatment process, targeting the lowest possible environmental impact throughout the plant life cycle to create a CO₂-free facility prototype. UNFCCC introduced the greenhouse gases emissions definition in wastewater plants as a project design document for the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project AM00801 activity. The literature adopted this project and submitted it as a friendly user interface or a Software to model an Eco-efficient management strategy for wastewater treatment plant aerobic activated sludge type with the offset of environmental footprint measures based on decision making analysis, Input-output analysis, benchmarking and energy balance, net negative emissions including environmental declaration assessing the life cycle from costing, management, and sustainability perspectives.
Numerical Study of Heat Transfer by Mixed Convection in a Cavity Filled With Nanofluid: Influence of Reynolds and Grashof Numbers
Authors: Benderradji Razik , Brahimi Meryem , Khalfallah Fares
Published: December 2022

In this work, a numerical study of stationary laminar mixed convection in a ventilated square cavity has been presented. The cavity is filled with different nanofluids and contains two gates (ports) to enter and exit the flow. The straight vertical wall is maintained at a warm temperature, while the other walls are considered adiabatic. The equations governing flow and heat transfer have been solved by the finite volume method using a second-order centered Upwind scheme. Numerical simulations are carried out in the case of pure water fluid, and mixtures of this basic fluid and nanoparticles (Ag and Cu), for Ri varying from (0.04 to 4) and a volume fraction of the nanoparticles between (0% and 10%). The study presented in this work is devoted to a dynamic study in which the Grashof number is fixed at 104, and the Reynolds number is varied. The numerical results obtained show that the heat transfer increases with the increase in the volume fraction also that the enhancement of the product of entropy generation and heat transfer increases considerably with the increase in the Reynolds number. The most effective nanoparticles for increasing the heat exchange rate are Ag. The latter is characterized by a large local Nusselt number, that is to say, a very good heat transfer compared to that of metallic Cu nanoparticles.
The calculation of curving intensity while drilling with operated rotor systems
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Shirinov M.M. , Samadov V.N. ,   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Bogopol´skiy V.O. ,   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry
Published: December 2022

One of the recent achievements in the field of the systems of operated rotary wing providing fast increase of curving angle is a hybrid system combining the characteristics of the systems of control and deflection of axe. There are several theoretic methods of calculation of curving intensity іα. The first of them is a method of using the depth by the vertical h and by horizontal s. In this method curving radius R is considered permanent (i.e. it changes along the circle arch). The second method of calculation of curving intensity is a three-pointed technique, which can be applied for the drilling with a curved casing and with the systems of “Point the bit” as they are operated with similar mechanisms.
A novel spirocyclic scaffold accessed via tandem Claisen rearrangement/intramolecular oxa-Michael addition
Authors: Vepreva Anastasia , Yanovich Alexander , Dar’in Dmitry , Kantin Grigory , Bunev Alexander , Krasavin Mikhail
Published: December 2022

A straightforward access to novel spiro[benzofuran-2,3'-pyrrolidine]-2',5'-diones based on the Rh2(esp)2-catalyzed insertion of carbenes derived from diazo arylidene succinimides (DAS) into the O–H bond of phenols is described. The initial adducts underwent a thermally promoted Claisen rearrangement followed by DABCO-catalyzed intramolecular 5-exo-trig oxa-Michael addition.
Habilidades de pensamiento crítico creativo e inteligencia emocional en estudiantes universitarios: Una revisión bibliométrica desde la literatura.
Authors: Hernández-Flórez Nubia , Moncada-Navas Francia , Lhoeste-Charris Álvaro , Klimenko Olena , Ortiz González Andrea Liliana
Published: December 2022

El propósito de este artículo es realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura con relación a las variables de pensamiento crítico creativo e inteligencia emocional en estudiantes universitarios. Para la realización de la búsqueda de la información se tuvo en cuenta los operadores booleanos “thinking” and” Skills” or “Creative” or “ Critical” en la siguientes bases de datos: Taylor y Francis, Springer  y Proquest. Obteniendo como resultado artículos elegibles (n=1835) y posterior al cribado de información con la aplicación de criterios de exclusión, el resultado final fue de 32 artículos descritos en la matriz. Dentro de los resultados se observa que Indonesia es el país que más ha publicado en esta área y el instrumento más utilizado es el Test de Pensamiento Crítico con 65,6%. Finalmente, las universidades cada vez son más conscientes de la necesidad de promover habilidades de pensamiento crítico creativo en sus estudiantes, sin dejar a un lado la inteligencia emocional como componente esencial que juega un papel determinante en el desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento, asimismo, es imperativo brindar herramientas, escenarios ficticios o reales, metodologías activas, para promover el aprendizaje significativo y formar futuros profesionales capaces de resolver problemas de su entorno desde una mirada crítica y creativa.
Multiple sclerosis in pregnancy – current neurological considerations
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Anghelache Maria , Bors Roxana Georgiana ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Ciocarlan Maria ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Dima Vlad ,   Department of Neonatology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Plotogea Mihaela ,   “Nicolae Malaxa” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Varlas Valentin ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: December 2022

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological condition found in young women of reproductive age, and pregnancy can be a challenge. Lack of consensus on the conduct and impact of MS on pregnancy outcomes requires adequate counseling for these patients. Early initiation of treatment in MS to prevent long-term disability is extremely important because delaying treatment after the woman achieves irreversible complications may accompany reproductive goals. Aggression and disease progression requires an ideal schedule for conception. Initiation of treatment and successful pregnancy monitoring are clear goals of healthcare providers. Counseling of patients with MS before pregnancy, conduct during pregnancy, mode of delivery, and postpartum management, to which is added the choice of type of medication are important criteria that prevent complications secondary to the clinical course of this disease.
Fetal brain injury in survivors of twin pregnancies in single fetal intrauterine death – a short literature review
Authors:   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Calomfirescu-Avramescu Andreea , Stancu Alexandra ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Dima Vlad ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Bohiltea Roxana ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Varlas Valentin ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Toma Adrian Ioan ,   Life Memorial Hospital – Neonatology Department, Bucharest, Romania, Davitoiu Ana-Maria ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   “Victor Gomoiu” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: December 2022

Background. The incidence of multiple pregnancies is increasing in the last 10 years, along with the associated complications. Brain injuries and neurological complications associated with single fetal intrauterine death (sIUFD) are the most serious and have a negative impact on the surviving twin. Methods. This review was performed by a single individual who searched via Google Scholar and Pubmed clinical studies which included sIUFD in monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancies. This research included studies from the last 10 years and the keywords used were: “single intrauterine fetal death”, “monochorionic”, “fetal brain lesions”, and “twin pregnancies”. Results. After analyzing the clinical studies according to the keywords, only 15 studies (462 pregnancies) met the inclusion criteria. These included: monochorionic pregnancies and sIUF that occurred after 14 weeks. The results of these trials showed a strong statistical association between single fetal intrauterine death and co-twin fetal brain lesions and neonatal death. Also, many of these recent studies mentioned the relationship between monochorionic city and preterm delivery, fetal growth restriction and twin–twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). Conclusion. Analyzing all these clinical studies, we can conclude that the intrauterine death of a twin in monochorionic pregnancies after the age of 14 weeks of gestation significantly affects the neurological development of the surviving twin.
Changes in maternal sleep during pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Bors Roxana Georgiana , Dima Vlad ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Plotogea Mihaela ,   “Nicolae Malaxa” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Varlas Valentin ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Neonatology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: December 2022

Sleep disorders in pregnancy are incompletely studied, as they are significant health problems with maternal-fetal implications. These are quite common due to the hormonal, anatomical, and functional changes that occur in the mother’s body. Sleep deprivation influences the mother’s health, with important repercussions on the fetus. Polysomnography shows that the changes regarding sleep architecture begin in the first trimester, and disturbances are also observed after birth. Obstetrical implications (way of birth, duration of labor, analgesia, anesthesia at birth, early onset of labor) and maternal conditions (hypertension induced by pregnancy, gestational diabetes, mental disorders) can change sleep quality. Early identification of sleep disorders, as well as prompt prenatal management, especially through non-pharmacological means, is essential to avoid negative consequences.
Gaia22eor: Symbiotic Star V2756 Sgr Detected in a Deep Eclipse
Authors: Merc Jaroslav , Barker Hamish , Gális Rudolf
Published: December 2022

V2756 Sgr is a long-known S-type symbiotic binary that was recently detected in ∼1 mag eclipse-like fading by the Gaia satellite. This behavior was reported as a Gaia Science Alert under the designation Gaia22eor. V2756 Sgr has not been reported as an eclipsing symbiotic system. In this contribution, we have investigated the recent light curves of this target obtained by Gaia and ASAS-SN survey and supplemented these data by the photometry from the ASAS survey and DASCH archive. In addition, low-resolution BP/RP spectra from Gaia were examined. Based on the presented analysis, we conclude that the observed fading is indeed an eclipse of the hot component of V2756 Sgr by the cool giant. The data also allowed us to refine the orbital period to 725 ± 3 days.
Projecting Malaria Incidence Based on Climate Change Modeling Approach: A Systematic Review
Authors: Baharom Mazni , Soffian Sharifah Saffinas Syed , Peng Chua Su , Baharudin Mohd Hafiz , Mirza Ummi , Madrim Mohd Faizal , Jeffree Mohammad Saffree , Rahim Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul , Hassan Mohd Rohaizat
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Climate change will affect the transmission of malaria by shifting the geographical space of the vector. AIM: The review aims to examine the climate change modeling approach and climatic variables used for malaria projection. METHODS: Articles were systematically searched from four databases, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and SAGE. The PICO concept was used for formulation search and PRISMA approach to identify the final articles. RESULTS: A total of 27 articles were retrieved and reviewed. There were six climate factors identified in this review: Temperature, rainfall/precipitation, humidity, wind, solar radiation, and climate change scenarios. Modeling approaches used to project future malarial trend includes mathematical and computational approach. CONCLUSION: This review provides robust evidence of an association between the impact of climate change and malaria incidence. Prediction on seasonal patterns would be useful for malaria surveillance in public health prevention and mitigation strategies.
Mouthwashes and the Effect on the Viral Load of SARS-CoV-2 in Saliva: A Literature Review
Authors: Pizarro Mariano Ortiz , Mejia Christian R. , Rodríguez-Díaz David R. , Herrera Ygnacio Moreno , Cabrejo Alexander Bustamante , Serna-Alarcon Victor
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: At present, several active ingredients have been investigated in mouthwashes having certain virucidal properties, which could reduce the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 to avoid contamination in medical or dental practice.

AIM: The objective of this review is to analyze the available evidence regarding mouthwashes and their effect on the salivary viral load of SARS-CoV-2.

METHODS: Records were retrieved from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Virtual Health Library up to June 21, 2022. Randomized or non-randomized clinical trials were included where saliva samples and laboratory or in vitro studies were used in the presence of saliva.

RESULTS: After a systematic selection process, 11 clinical studies that evaluated at least one mouthwash within clinical protocols and three laboratory studies that evaluated the virucidal efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of saliva were finally included.

CONCLUSION: There are oral disinfectants with virucidal action in saliva samples, under clinical and laboratory conditions, capable of reducing the viral load of SARS-CoV-2. Cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine, and povidone-iodine present the best results so far. However, it was also possible to find active principles of recent appearance that, based on favorable exploratory results, needs further investigation on their efficacy and possible adverse events.
Biological Therapy for Osteoarthritis, Efficacy and Safety: Focus on Monoclonal Antibodies against Nerve Growth Factor and Fibroblast Growth Factor-18
Authors: Zaripova Lina , Pallav Mishi , Tazhibaeva Damira , Kabdualieva Natalya , Aitbayeva Zhaina , Beglarova Gulshakhar , Yermentayeva Lazzat , Niyazbekova Karlygash
Published: December 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic progressive musculoskeletal disease, affected cartilage, and surrounded tissues: Subchondral bones, ligaments, and meniscus. Current OA treatment based on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acetaminophen (paracetamol), opioids, and intra-articular corticosteroid injections do not prevent the progression of the disease. Understanding of the pathogenesis of OA with continued structural damage accompanied by chronic pain led to appearance of monoclonal antibodies to fibroblast growth factor-18 (FGF)-18 and anti-nerve growth factor (NGF). This review provides an overview of biological therapy with FGF-18 and anti-NGF for OA. Search process was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar for the following terms: “FGF-18” or “anti-NGF” and “OA,” “monoclonal antibody” and “OA.” Results of the analysis of clinical trials revealed that therapy targeting NGF resulted in significant analgesic effect and functional improvement of joints in OA; however, it was associated with considerable increase in adverse events. The mon\oclonal antibody to FGF-18 demonstrated the structure-modifying effects on cartilage with decrease the cartilage loss and improvement of cartilage thickness. However, further clinical longitudinal studies characterized the risk-benefit are needed to establish safety and efficacy of these medications.
Dynamics of stochastic 3D Brinkman-Forchheimer equations on unbounded domains
Authors: Wang Shu , Si Mengmeng , Yang Rong
Published: December 2022

This paper is concerned with the asymptotic behavior of the stochastic three dimensional Brinkman-Forchheimer equations in some unbounded domains. We first define a continuous random dynamical system for the equations. Then by J. Ball's idea of energy equations, we obtain pullback asymptotic compactness of solutions and prove that the existence of a unique random attractor for the equations.
Database System for Storing Tuberculosis Sputum Sample Images as an AI Training Dataset
Authors: Muljo Hery Harjono , Perbangsa Anzaludin Samsinga , Cenggoro Tjeng Wawan , Purwandari Kartika , Sudigyo Digdo , Pardamean Bens
Published: December 2022

The high prevalence of Tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia puts Indonesia in the second-highest national TB prevalence in the world after India. This high prevalence can cause a failure to deliver medical treatments to TB patients, which is exacerbated by the disproportionate distribution of doctors in Indonesia. To address this issue, an AI system is necessary to help doctors in screening a large number of patients in a short time. However, to develop a robust AI for this purpose, we need a large dataset. This study aims to develop a database system for storing TB sputum sample images, which can be used as the dataset to train an AI for TB detection. The developed system can help doctors and health workers to manage the images during their daily job. After a period of time, the stored images can be utilized as the dataset to train AI.
Identifying Retinal Diseases on OCT Image Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Errabih Abdelhafid , Boussarhane Mohyeddine , Nsiri Benayad , Sadiq Abdelalim , El Yousfi Alaoui My Hachem , Oulad Haj Thami Rachid , Benaji Brahim
Published: December 2022

Computer-aided diagnosis has the potential to replace or at least support medical personnel in their everyday responsibilities such as diagnosis, therapy, and surgery. In the area of ophthalmology, artificial intelligence approaches have been incorporated in the diagnosis of the most frequent ocular disorders, such as choroidal neovascularization (CNV), diabetic macular oedema (DMO), and DRUSEN; these illnesses pose a significant risk of vision loss. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging technology used to diagnose the aforementioned eye disorders. It enables ophthalmologists to see the back of the eye and take various slices of the retina. The goal of this research is to automate the diagnosis of retinopathy, which includes CNV, DME, and DRUSEN. The approach employed is a deep learning-based, and transfer learning technique, applying to a public dataset of OCT pictures and two pertained neural network models VGG16 and InceptionV3, which are trained on the big database "ImageNet." That allows them to be able to extract the main features of millions of images. Furthermore, fine-tuning approaches are applied to outperform the feature extraction method, by modifying the hyperparameters. The findings showed that the VGG16 model performed better in classification than the InceptionV3 architecture, with a 0.93 accuracy.
Artificial Neural Network Hyperparameters Optimization: A Survey
Authors: Kadhim Zahraa Saddi , Abdullah Hasanen S. , Ghathwan Khalil Ibrahim
Published: December 2022

Machine-learning (ML) methods often utilized in applications like computer vision, recommendation systems, natural language processing (NLP), as well as user behavior analytics. Neural Networks (NNs) are one of the most es-sential ways to ML; the most challenging element of designing a NN is de-termining which hyperparameters to employ to generate the optimal model, in which hyperparameter optimization improves NN performance. This study includes a brief explanation regarding a few types of NN as well as some methods for hyperparameter optimization, as well as previous work results in enhancing ANN performance using optimization methods that aid research-ers and data analysts in developing better ML models via identifying the ap-propriate hyperparameter configurations.
First Generation Students’ Experiences and Perceptions of an Academic Library’s Physical Spaces
Authors: Schultz Teresa , Anderson Kim , Martini Smith Mary , Mesfin Tati , Damonte Heather , Masegian Corinne
Published: December 2022

There remains a lack of literature looking at how first-generation students experience and feel about academic library spaces. We sought to help fill this gap by conducting a mixed-methods research study at a large university. We surveyed current first-generation students about their experiences with the institution’s physical libraries and if they felt safe and culturally welcomed. We then explored the results through semi-structured interviews to further develop themes. We found that while many first-generation students reported feeling safe in most of the library spaces, many still reported they did not always feel safe, although how they defined “safe” differed. Also, students expressed differing preferences for what they wanted from the physical spaces, emphasizing the need for libraries to cater to diverse study habits. Data show students used the library spaces to get in the right frame of mind for studying; however, uncertainty remains about where they are allowed.
Exnovatie: duurzame transities in Brussel anders voorstellen
Authors: Fossati Ela Callorda , Sureau Solène , Pel Bonno , Bauler Tom , Achten Wouter
Published: December 2022

Avec le concept d’exnovation, les Sustainability Transitions studies (ST) connaissent un changement de paradigme. Leur focale typique sur les niches d’innovation durables se déplace pour éclairer désormais le revers de ces processus d’émergence : les voies de sortie des systèmes sociotechniques qui posent des problèmes de non-durabilité. Cet article introduit l’exnovation shift qui s’opère au sein des ST et illustre sa pertinence pour appréhender les enjeux de la gouvernance des transitions à Bruxelles. Sur base d’une revue de la littérature et d’une analyse exploratoire, l’article traite des limites des stratégies de transition fondées uniquement sur le soutien aux niches d’innovation, présente deux cas emblématiques qui structurent la littérature sur l’exnovation et souligne la nécessité de considérer de nouveaux domaines qui intègrent les enjeux de l’exnovation à l'échelle de la ville. Appliqué au cas bruxellois, le concept d’exnovation permet de faire une lecture systémique et critique des enjeux de la Zone de Basses Émissions.