bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethical memory and cinema: Confronting the past in Fatih Akın’s The Cut
Authors: Yıldız Pınar
Published: August 2024

This article aims to discuss the ethical–political responsibility of constructing a memory of 1915 through Fatih Akın’s The Cut (2014). The film explores the Armenian Genocide, which Turkey’s official historiography denies, and sparked heated debates on its release in Turkey. Based on the claim that constructing a memory of genocide is an ethical–political issue, I argue that The Cut’s aesthetic of remembrance fails to lead to an ethical questioning of historical denial and it thus leaves 1915 in the past. In order to discuss the film’s failure to fulfill its ethical responsibility, I explore the following questions: What is the ethical responsibility of remembering the devastating past? What does The Cut’s way of remembering 1915 accomplish and fail to accomplish in terms of ethical memory? By examining the limitations and possibilities of cinema in memory construction, this study seeks to contribute to discussions on the aesthetic and ethical dimensions of memory studies.
Analysis of attacking corner kick strategies in the Chinese Women’s Super League 2019
Authors: Han Bo , Li Xueqing , Li Yu , Liu Tianbiao
Published: August 2024

To determine the effective attacking patterns of corner kicks in women’s football, this study used associate rule to analyse the corner kicks in the Chinese Women’s Super League 2019. A total of 343 corner kicks from 56 matches were studied to examine the effective characteristics of corner kicks and strategies of strong and weak teams using associate rule analysis. In total, 17 goals were scored via corner kicks, accounting for 9.4% of the total goals (180) of the Women’s Super League in 2019. The result of associate rule analysis showed that the pattern of indirect, outside the box and eight attackers was more likely to create shots when a strong team (top 4 teams) faced a weak team (bottom 4 teams; Lift: 2.9). When a weak team faced a strong team, it was easier to create a shot by delivering the corner kick through an outswing ball directly to the near post (Lift: 6.091). These findings can help coaches to understand the key successful patterns of corner kicks in women’s football and choose a more effective attacking strategy of corner kicks according to the quality of both teams.
Translating Ukrainian Poetry into Estonian: Acts of Identity
Authors: Verschik Anna
Published: August 2024

The reaction of Ukrainian poets to the full-scale Russian aggression against Ukraine in February 2022 has been remarkable and was noticed all over the world. Understandably, interest towards Ukraine increased, and translation of Ukrainian poetry is one of the ways to learn and to share Ukrainian culture. Estonian is a small language, not at all related to Ukrainian, and until recently, the general public knew little about Ukrainian literature; nevertheless, the reaction of Estonian translators was immediate. Given the shared experience of the Russian/Soviet domination, this is not surprising. The study seeks to explore translators’ motives and their history of discovering Ukrainian poetry and language. The theoretical framework employed in the article is that of Translator Studies, that is, the focus is on the translator’s trajectories (why and how they turn to a particular literature/author, why and how they learn the necessary language, their beliefs, ethos, personal development, etc.). A connection between Translator Studies and sociolinguistic disciplines such as language biographies, multilingualism and (personal) language policy is discussed. The data comes from interviews with three translators of Ukrainian poetry into Estonian, Igor Kotjuh, Maarja Kangro and Irena Peterson-Pavljuk who are poets themselves. Their ethnolinguistic background, language biographies and paths of becoming translators from Ukrainian into Estonian differ, but all three emphasise their dedication to Ukrainian poets.
Brazilian Version of the Vestibular Activities and Participation Measure: Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Validity, and Reliability
Authors: Lira Maria das Graças de Araújo , Whitney Susan L. , Chaves Thais Cristina , Figueiredo-Ribeiro Karyna Myrelly Oliveira Bezerra de
Published: August 2024

Background

Vestibular Activities and Participation Measure (VAP) subscales assess the effect of vestibular disorders on activity and participation. This study aimed to perform the cross-cultural adaptation and assess the validity, internal consistency, reliability, and measurement error of the Brazilian version of VAP subscales.

Methods

The cross-cultural adaptation followed the translation, synthesis, back-translation, review by a committee of experts, and pretesting phases. Structural validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), while Spearman’s correlation between VAP subscales and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) was used to assess construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha measured internal consistency. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) assessed intra- and inter-rater reliability, and measurement error was calculated by using the standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC).

Results

Additional information was included in the Brazilian version of the Vestibular Activities and Participation measure (VAP-BR) after approval by one of the developers of the instrument to improve the understanding among individuals. One factor was found in the EFA for each subscale with 50% explained variance. Regarding CFA, the subscales 1 (S1) and 2 (S2) presented, respectively, adequate model fit indices (ie, comparative fit index of 0.99 and 0.97, and standardized root mean square residual of 0.04 for both subscales), but a very low factor load in item 6 of S1 (0.08). Chronbach’s alpha was 0.80 (S1) and 0.82 (S2). For intra-rater assessment, the S1 and S2 presented an ICC of 0.87 and 0.90, SEM of 0.01 and 1.16, and MDC of 0.39 and 0.46, respectively. When assessed by 2 different raters, SEM values were 1.03 and 1.53, and MDC values were 2.85 and 4.23 for S1 and S2, respectively; both subscales showed an ICC of 0.92. Correlations between DHI and VAP subscales presented coefficients above 0.57.

Conclusion

The Brazilian version of VAP subscales presents good measurement properties and may assist health professionals in identifying activity limitations and participation restrictions in individuals with vestibular disorders.
Sandwich-Like Complexation of Carbohydrates by Hydrogen Bonding and CH-π Interactions
Authors: Köhler Linda , Kaiser Stefan , Mazik Monika
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The design of carbohydrate-binding agents (artificial carbohydrate receptors) that enable selective and effective biomimetic recognition via noncovalent interactions is aimed either at a better understanding of natural recognition phenomena or at various potential applications in medicine and other fields. Although very interesting artificial receptors have been developed, the exact prediction of the receptor selectivity remains a challenge. Results and Methods: A molecular architecture based on a 1,3,5-substituted 2,4,6-triethylbenzene backbone bearing two aminopyridine- or aminopyrimidine-based recognition units and a purine moiety, which acts as both a hydrogen bonding site and a bridging component for the incorporation of additional substituents, has proved to be very useful for the development of effective carbohydrate-binding agents. This type of compounds has the ability to bind suitable carbohydrates through combined noncovalent interactions, where CH···π interactions can be formed on both faces of the carbohydrate substrate. The successful syntheses of the target compounds can be realized by the use of microwave irradiation and sealed tubes. The performed binding studies included 1H NMR spectroscopic titrations and measurements by isothermal titration calorimetry. Conclusion: The new compounds were developed as artificial receptors especially for carbohydrates with an all-equatorial substitution pattern and have the ability to predictably form strong 1:1 complexes with a suitable substrate. The use of the purine moiety in the construction of carbohydrate receptors with a 1,3,5-substituted 2,4,6-triethylbenzene backbone has proved to be a very promising approach. The possibilities for structural variation of this molecular architecture are manifold. As a result, a wide range of compounds can be synthesized to perform extensive studies on the relationships between structure and binding efficiency.

Graphical Abstract

Short Text: New compounds were developed as artificial receptors especially for carbohydrates with an all-equatorial substitution pattern and have the ability to predictably form 1:1 complexes with a suitable substrate. Key Topics: Artificial carbohydrate receptors; Combination of hydrogen bonding and CH۔۔۔π interactions; Molecular recognition
Effects of Progressive and Velocity-Based Autoregulatory Resistance Training on Lower-Limb Movement Ability in Taekwondo Athletes
Authors: Huang Zijing , Dai Jing , Chen Lunxin , Yang Liang , Gong Min , Li Duanying , Sun Jian
Published: August 2024

Background:

Both autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) and velocity-based resistance training (VBRT) utilize real-time monitoring of athlete physical performance to adjust training loads to provide appropriate training stimuli. However, the monitoring and adjustment approaches differ between both methods. This study aimed to compare the effects of APRE and VBRT on the muscle strength, power, and agility of college taekwondo athletes.

Hypothesis:

Eight weeks of APRE and VBRT will promote similar results to strength gains in regards maximal strength, but VBRT will be superior to APRE in explosive power and agility.

Study Design:

Clinical trial.

Level of Evidence:

Level 3.

Methods:

Thirty taekwondo athletes were divided randomly into 2 groups (VBRT/APRE), and all participants completed an 8-week APRE/VBRT intervention. Maximum strength, explosive power, and agility performance were assessed during the squat 1-repetition maximum (1RM), countermovement jump (CMJ), drop jump (DJ), kicking strength test (KST), taekwondo-specific agility test (TSAT), and hexagon test (HT).

Results:

Highly significant time effects ( P < 0.01) were observed for squat 1RM, CMJ, and TSAT in both the APRE and VBRT groups. However, there were no significant group-by-time differences for any of the measured outcomes to intergroup ( P > 0.05), but APRE had a small effect size (ES) over VBRT for CMJ (ES = 0.48, [Formula: see text] = 0.06), TSAT (ES = 0.26, [Formula: see text] = 0.02), and HT (ES = 0.42, [Formula: see text] = 0.05).

Conclusion:

An 8-week autoregulatory APRE and VBRT can both effectively improve both the maximal strength, explosive power, and agility performance of taekwondo athletes, with APRE exhibiting potential advantages in improving CMJ, TSAT, and HT.

Clinical Relevance:

These results provide important insights into the selection of suitable resistance training programs by professional coaches, taking into account athlete needs, training efficiency, and safety considerations.
“Genetic tumor syndromes of the head and neck: Update in the genomic era”
Authors: Brahmbhatt Sneh , Agarwal Amit , Shetty Dhruv , Desai Amit , Bhatt Alok A.
Published: August 2024

Genetic tumor syndromes are due to inherited genetic mutations, which have recently come to the attention of clinicians due to the widespread adoption of DNA sequencing, ultimately leading to imaging for surveillance. As a result, radiologists must be familiar with the clinical, genetic, and radiologic features of these syndromes. This article reviews genetic tumor syndromes of the head and neck according to the recently updated WHO’s 5th edition.
Effects of a walking program using the “WalkON” mobile app among college students
Authors: Kim Yun-Su
Published: August 2024

Objective

This study implemented a 12-week walking program using the mobile app WalkON among college students and evaluated its effects.

Methods

This study used a quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group, pre/post design. The WalkON program was conducted from September to December 2022, involving 50 participants in the experimental group and 52 participants in the control group.

Results

Significant between-group differences were observed as follows. Sleep quality evaluation score (i.e. higher scores mean poorer sleep quality) decreased more significantly in the experimental group (vs. control group; 1.40 vs. 0.34 points, respectively; p = .027). Anxiety decreased more in the experimental group than in the control group (2.08 vs. 1.75 points, respectively; p = .020). Regarding the mean score of the “health responsibility” domain of health-promoting behaviors, the experimental group saw an increase of 0.25 points compared to 0.15 in the control group ( p = .005). The self-efficacy level increased by an average of 0.34 points in the experimental group and 0.03 points in the control group ( p = .046).

Conclusions

The WalkON program has the potential to positively influence physical activity engagement and health-promoting behaviors in college students. It could be an effective strategy for promoting the physical and mental health of college students lacking engagement in physical activity. This study is significant in that it provides evidence of a mobile app-based program potentially useful to encourage college students to increase their regular physical activity through walking exercises, something especially pertinent in the new norm of contactless environments post-COVID-19.
Predicting obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome using three-dimensional optical devices: A systematic review
Authors: Chen Beibei , Cao Rongkai , Song Danni , Qiu Piaopiao , Liao Chongshan , Li Yongming
Published: August 2024

Purpose

As a global health concern, the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), characterized by partial reductions and complete pauses in ventilation, has garnered significant scientific and public attention. With the advancement of digital technology, the utilization of three-dimensional (3D) optical devices demonstrates unparalleled potential in diagnosing OSAHS. This study aimed to review the current literature to assess the accuracy of 3D optical devices in identifying the prevalence and severity of OSAHS.

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted in the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases for English studies published up to April 2024. Peer-reviewed researches assessing the diagnostic utility of 3D optical devices for OSAHS were included. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) guideline was employed to appraise the risk of bias.

Results

The search yielded 3216 results, with 10 articles meeting the inclusion criteria for this study. Selected studies utilized structured light scanners, stereophotogrammetry, and red, green, blue-depth (RGB-D) cameras. Stereophotogrammetry-based 3D optical devices exhibited promising potential in OSAHS prediction.

Conclusions

The utilization of 3D optical devices holds considerable promise for OSAHS diagnosis, offering potential improvements in accuracy, cost reduction, and time efficiency. However, further clinical data are essential to assist clinicians in the early detection of OSAHS using 3D optical devices.
Online medical consultation in China: Demand-side analysis of obese patients’ preferences and willingness-to-pay for online obesity consultations
Authors: Hu Yaolin , Wang Jian , Gu Yuanyuan , Nicholas Stephen , Maitland Elizabeth , Zhou Jianbo
Published: August 2024

Objective

With obesity a major health concern and call on healthcare resources in China, we explored the preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for obesity OMC, including the influencing factors behind WTP and preferences.

Method

We recruited 400 obese participants to undertake a discrete choice experiment (DCE) and the contingent value method (CVM) survey. We used CVM to measure obese participants’ WTP for one-click services (OCS) and used DCE to estimate obesity participants’ preferences and WTP for OMC with different attributes.

Results

Obese participants were willing to pay more than RMB80 on average for OCS, and more than 50% of participants had a WTP over RMB50 and 5% had a WTP over RMB300, reflecting the strong willingness of Chinese obese patients to pay for OMC. Educational background, income, ethnicity, previous OMC experience and accessibility to offline hospitals with different levels impacted WTP. The relative importance score of attributes in descending order was cost, doctors’ hospital level, doctors’ level, online waiting time, consultation time and consultation form. Obese patients preferred lower cost, doctors from higher-level hospitals, doctors with higher expertise levels, shorter waiting time and consultation duration, and telephone consultation were preferred. 30-min waiting time, 15-min consultation duration and telephone consultation were the most economically efficient set we found.

Conclusion

To maximize health resources, provincial tertiary and municipal hospitals face different paths to developing obesity OMC platforms. We encouraged young doctors to use OMC. OMC regulators should implement consumer protection policies to optimize OMC pricing and address potential ‘unfair’ pricing.
Disseminated histoplasmosis mimicking post-vaccination side effects in an immunocompromised person with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Toubasi Ahmad A , Allon Steven , Bagnato Francesca
Published: August 2024

We describe the case of a gentleman with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and chronic lymphocytopenia secondary to treatment with fingolimod who presented with disseminated histoplasmosis after receiving the third dose of the Moderna coronavirus disease 2019 (mRNA-1273) vaccine. Following the vaccination the patient noted fatigue which worsened over time along with gradual weight loss. A few months later he noted low-grade fever and finally shortness of breath. A diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis was performed based on urine, blood, and imaging data. He responded well to prolonged antifungal treatment. Fingolimod was discontinued and replaced with glatiramer acetate. He has been clinically stable until the time of this report, 33 months following symptom onset.
A social reproductive perspective into rural e-commerce and internet history in China
Authors: Zhang Lin
Published: August 2024

The history of the internet, whether in China or elsewhere in the world, is often told through the stories of successful and often publicly listed companies, state policy initiatives and chronology, or prominent individuals and groups such as tech company founders and influential social and political activists. This short essay tells a different story of the Chinese internet history in the past 30 years from a social reproductive perspective, centering on rural e-commerce and families caught in between the rural-urban divide, against the wider currents of the state’s rural informatization campaign, Chinese Big Techs’ expansion into the countryside, and ongoing transformation in urbanization and rural-urban conversion. The goal is to move beyond a techno-determinist, individualized, and male-centric framework of analyzing digital media and the internet to adopt a materialist, feminist, and substantivist approach.
The conceptual development of the science-fiction industry and its main forms and features
Authors: Xu Yilin , Zhao Wenjie , Chen Ling
Published: August 2024

The term ‘science fiction (sci-fi) industry’ has developed only in the past two decades in China. It has gone through special cultural, economic and political backgrounds in its conceptual development. After years of evolution and under the influence of some influential sci-fi intellectual properties, the sci-fi industry has developed typical forms such as reading material, film and television programs, games, derivative products and cultural tourism. These forms are also the major means for the generation of sci-fi content and the dissemination of sci-fi culture. The sci-fi industry has three key features: it integrates culture with science and technology as production factors; it has both production capacity and consumer appeal; and it is made up of interconnected vertical and horizontal production chains.
Resilience to Depression Among Emerging Adults in South Africa: Insights From Digital Diaries
Authors: Levine Diane Thembekile , Theron Linda , Haffejee Sadiyya , Ungar Michael
Published: August 2024

Emerging adults facing chronic socioeconomic stress, especially depression, lack comprehensive research on resilience factors. This study analyzed digital diary entries ( n = 338) from 57 individuals aged 18–24 in a South African township from July 2021 to April 2022. Participants highlighted relational, community, and cultural supports regardless of risk levels. Both high and low-risk groups faced challenges like financial instability, limited education, health threats, and lawlessness. However, institutional resource scarcity disproportionately affected higher-risk individuals, worsening issues like infrastructure deficits and violence exposure. Family and peer support emerged as crucial, especially for higher-risk participants. Individuals living in higher risk emphasized collective action and stranger support during infrastructure failures. These findings suggest that greater risk exposure may reinforce reliance on traditional, community-focused coping mechanisms, indicating the importance of studying differential resilience factors among young adults.
Artificial Intelligence Measurement of Preoperative Radiographs in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Based on Multiple-View Semantic Segmentation
Authors: Dong Yulei , Li Jiahao , Huang Shanqi , Wu Ling , Zhao Hong , Zhao Yu
Published: August 2024

Study Design

Cross-sectional study.

Objectives

Imaging classification of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is directly related to the surgical strategy, but the artificial classification is complex and depends on doctors’ experience. This study investigated deep learning-based automated classification methods (DL group) for AIS and validated the consistency of machine classification and manual classification (M group).

Methods

A total of 506 cases (81 males and 425 females) and 1812 AIS full spine images in the anteroposterior (AP), lateral (LAT), left bending (LB) and right bending (RB) positions were retrospectively used for training. The mean age was 13.6 ± 1.8. The mean maximum Cobb angle was 46.8 ± 12.0. U-Net semantic segmentation neural network technology and deep learning methods were used to automatically segment and establish the alignment relationship between multiple views of the spine, and to extract spinal features such as the Cobb angle. The type of each test case was automatically calculated according to Lenke’s rule. An additional 107 cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis imaging were prospectively used for testing. The consistency of the DL group and M group was compared.

Results

Automatic vertebral body segmentation and recognition, multi-view alignment of the spine and automatic Cobb angle measurement were implemented. Compare to the M group, the consistency of the DL group was significantly higher in 3 aspects: type of lateral convexity (0.989 vs 0.566), lumbar curvature modifier (0.932 vs 0.738), and sagittal plane modifier (0.987 vs 0.522).

Conclusions

Deep learning enables automated Cobb angle measurement and automated Lenke classification of idiopathic scoliosis whole spine radiographs with higher consistency than manual measurement classification.
How Community-Based Organizations Responded to the Covid-19 Crisis to Maintain HIV Services Among Vulnerable Populations in Burundi, Mauritania, and Lebanon: Qualitative Results From the Multicountry EPIC Program
Authors: Di Ciaccio Marion , Bourhaba Othmane , Khoury Cécile , Assi Ayman , Abu Zaki Sara , Lorente Nicolas , Castro Avila Juliana , Niyongabo Annabelle , Gakima Dévote , Diouh Aminata , Riegel Lucas , Ben Moussa Amal , Girard Gabriel , Karkouri Mehdi , Delabre Rosemary M. , Rojas Castro Daniela ,   the EPIC study group
Published: August 2024

Little is known about the adaption of community-based organizations (CBOs) during the COVID-19 crisis. This study aimed to study how HIV CBOs and their community health workers (CHWs) faced the COVID-19 outbreak. Semi-structured interviews (n = 53) were conducted among CHWs in Burundi, Mauritania, and Lebanon in 2021. A thematic content analysis was performed. Results showed that CBOs had succeeded in maintaining HIV services and integrated COVID-19 prevention and awareness in their activities. COVID-19 led to innovation in terms of HIV services (eg, telemedicine and online psychosocial support) and to opportunities to try new modalities of antiretroviral therapy dispensation. Field workers (a specific group among CHWs) were negatively impacted by the COVID-19 crisis and showed resilience in their adaptation to ensure the continuity of their activities. Considering the essential role of field workers during the crisis, their status and the sustainability of their activities should be clearly supported by health policies and programs.
Evaluating Return to Sports After Surgical Treatment of Unstable Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee: A Systematic Review
Authors: Coladonato Carlo , Perez Andres R. , Sonnier John Hayden , Wilson Sean , Paul Ryan W. , Gawel Richard , Connors Gregory , Freedman Kevin B. , Bishop Meghan E.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Although the incidence of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the knee may be low, an overview and comparison of sports-related outcomes with current surgical management techniques are needed.

Purpose:

To summarize the available evidence regarding outcomes for different surgical treatment options for unstable OCD of the knee in both skeletally mature and immature patients by calculating the return to sports (RTS) rate, the mean RTS time, and other sports-related postoperative outcome measures.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

A systematic review of studies on RTS after surgical correction of unstable OCD within the knee was conducted utilizing PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane databases. Included were studies discussing the treatment of unstable OCD with minimum 1-year follow-up outcomes. Multivariate analysis was used to compare studies grouped together based on RTS and skeletal maturity.

Results:

Of 2229 articles, 6 studies (197 patients; 198 knees) met the inclusion criteria and were included in our analysis. The percentage of patients who returned to the previous level of sport ranged from 52% to 100%; those returning to any level of sport ranged from 87% to 100%. Clinical outcomes did not differ between patients with open versus closed physes. Osteochondral Autograft Transfer System (OATS) procedures had a 100% RTS rate across several studies with skeletally mature and mixed cohorts, and microfracture had the lowest overall RTS rate (52%). For skeletally immature patients, all examined studies that utilized either open or arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation, 77% and 78%, respectively, had acceptable RTS rates. Arthroscopic fixation had a higher rate of revision surgery in both skeletally mature and immature patients.

Conclusion:

Our analysis indicated that the treatment of unstable OCD lesions using the OATS technique demonstrated high RTS rates across several studies, while microfracture alone exhibited the lowest RTS rate. Both arthroscopic and open internal fixation utilizing bioabsorbable screws yielded satisfactory RTS rates for juvenile patients with OCD.
The Relationship Between All-Suture and Solid Medial-Row Anchors and Patient-Reported Outcomes for Double-Row Suture Bridge Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Feldman John J. , Ostrander Brook , Ithurburn Matthew P. , Fleisig Glenn S. , Tatum Robert , Ochsner Mims G. , Ryan Michael K. , Rothermich Marcus A. , Emblom Benton A. , Dugas Jeffrey R. , Lyle Cain E.
Published: August 2024

Background:

The use of all-suture anchors for rotator cuff repair is increasing. Potential benefits include decreased bone loss and decreased damage to the chondral surface. Minimal evidence exists comparing outcomes among medial-row anchor fixation methods in double-row suture bridge rotator cuff repair.

Purpose:

To compare the clinical outcomes between all-suture and solid medial-row anchors in double-row suture bridge rotator cuff repair.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

A total of 352 patients (mean age at surgery, 60.3 years) underwent double-row suture bridge rotator cuff repair at our institution. Patients were separated into 2 groups based on whether they underwent all-suture (n = 280) or solid (n = 72) anchor fixation for the medial row. Outcomes data were collected via an ongoing longitudinal data repository or through telephone calls (minimum follow-up time, 2.0 years; mean follow-up time, 3.0 years). Outcomes were evaluated using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) standardized shoulder assessment form and the visual analog scale (VAS). The same rehabilitation protocol was administered to all patients. The proportions of patients meeting previously published Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) thresholds were calculated for the outcome measures, and outcome scores and the proportions of patients meeting PASS thresholds between groups were compared using linear and logistic regression, respectively.

Results:

The groups did not differ in terms of age at surgery, sex distribution, rotator cuff tear size, or number of medial-row anchors used. The solid anchor group had a longer follow-up time compared with the all-suture anchor group (3.6 ± 0.7 vs 2.8 ± 0.8 years, respectively; P < .01). After controlling for follow-up time, the solid and all-suture anchor groups did not differ in ASES scores (89.6 ± 17.8 vs 88.8 ± 16.7, respectively; P = .44) or VAS scores (1.1 ± 2.1 vs 1.2 ± 2.1, respectively; P = .37). Similarly, after controlling for follow-up time, the solid and all-suture anchor groups did not differ in the proportions of patients meeting PASS cutoffs for the ASES (84.7% vs 80.7%, respectively; P = .44) or the VAS (80.6% vs 75.0%, respectively; P = .83).

Conclusion:

Double-row suture bridge rotator cuff repair using all-suture anchors for medial-row fixation demonstrated similar excellent clinical outcomes to rotator cuff repair using solid medial-row anchors.
Quality of Care and Management of Atopic Dermatitis Across Different Levels of Healthcare—A Survey-Based Patient Experience
Authors: Tzellos Thrasyvoulos , Svendsen Synne Ildahl , Øvergaard Mari , Oftestad Eldrid , Lahelma Mari , Asikainen Anna-Kaisa , Mandla Randeep
Published: August 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and fluctuating disease. Optimal management of AD and related comorbidities requires seamless coordination across multiple layers of the healthcare system. The objective of this survey was to explore patients’ experiences with current management of AD. Out of 251 responders to this anonymous survey, 76% reported to have moderate or severe AD. Sixty-nine percent with moderate and 45% with severe AD were followed up at primary care level only. Use of advanced systemic treatment options was rare, and the majority experienced itch (97%), dry skin, rash, negative impact on self-esteem and comorbidities despite ongoing treatment. Only 36% received a treatment plan, more often in secondary (78.3%) than primary care (25.0%). Forty-three percent did not know who was responsible for their follow-up and 54% felt no one was responsible. Treatment options were commonly not known or understood. The survey results demonstrate undertreatment, lack of a holistic approach for management of AD. A national pathway including clear referral criteria and timelines can streamline management of AD across multiple levels of the healthcare system.
The Relationship Between the Emotional Intelligence and Clinical Decision Making Among Nursing Students
Authors: Jawabreh Nida
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Emotional intelligence is a crucial factor in managing stress and maintaining overall well-being. Emotions are essential for clinical care quality, as they drive clinical decision making.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between emotional intelligence and clinical decision making among fourth-year nursing students.

Methods

The study was a cross-sectional study done on a convenience sample of 225 fourth-year nursing students. Data collection was performed by the “Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test” (SSEIT) and the “clinical decision making scale”.

Results

The analysis revealed that the emotional intelligence mean was 151.3 ± 1.9 (ranging from 33 to 165), which is high. The analysis indicated that the clinical decision making of the participants was high (177.1.3 ± 9.8) (ranging from 40 to 200). Also, the analysis showed that there was a strong positive relationship between nursing students’ emotional intelligence and clinical decision making (r = .70, p = 0.001). Furthermore, the findings revealed that emotional intelligence was a predictor of clinical decision making.

Conclusion

The emotional intelligence and clinical decision making among fourth-year nursing students were high. Also, clinical decision making was found to have strong positive relationship with emotional intelligence.
Need of LGBTQ+ Curriculum in Nepalese Medical Education
Authors: Thapaliya Ishwor , Kantha Adesh
Published: August 2024

The need for LGBTQ+ inclusivity in medical education and their active enrollment in healthcare delivery is evident in Nepal due to ongoing healthcare disparities. These inequities, resulting from barriers in access, discrimination, and provider bias, demand an immediate action. To address these issues effectively, a deliberate shift in medical education is crucial. This involves making LGBTQ+ content a compulsory part of the curriculum, providing comprehensive instruction on sexual orientation and gender identity, and training students to create inclusive, respectful healthcare settings. This transformation aims to ensure equitable, respectful, and dignified care for LGBTQ+ patients, underlining the pivotal role of faculty development and training. By integrating LGBTQ+ health topics into the curriculum and promoting a culture of inclusivity, medical schools and institutions can produce healthcare providers who are not only knowledgeable but also compassionate and culturally competent in their practice.
Assessing Abdominal Examination Skills in a Surgery Clerkship Standardized Patient Encounter for Curriculum Improvement
Authors: Marshall Hannah , Weingartner Laura A. , Henry Taylen , Smith Jensen , Wright Tiffany , Bohnert Carrie A. , Shaw M. Ann , Adamson Dylan T.
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION

Standardized patient (SP) encounters allow medical students to practice physical examination skills and clinical reasoning. SP cases are used for learning and assessment, but recorded encounters can also be valuable curriculum evaluation tools. We aimed to review SP encounters to improve abdominal examination skills and the broader physical examination curriculum.

METHODS

We reviewed recorded SP encounters of third-year medical students on surgery clerkship rotation. Students examined a cisgender woman presenting with acute right lower abdominal pain. We observed abdominal examinations to determine which maneuvers were attempted and completed correctly. We then used these outcomes to develop targeted clerkship training for the subsequent student cohort. Our intervention targeted abdominal examination gaps by explaining how to integrate abdominal examination findings with a focused history for surgical patients. We evaluated the intervention's impact on abdominal examination skills with third-year medical students in comparison (2021-2022, n = 119) and intervention (2022-2023, n = 132) groups.

RESULTS

In both the comparison and intervention groups, nearly all students attempted at least 1 general examination maneuver like auscultation, palpation, percussion, or rebound tenderness. Only 40% of students in the comparison group attempted an advanced maneuver like the Rovsing, Psoas, or Obturator sign. After the intervention, 75% of students in the intervention group attempted an advanced maneuver (χ2(1, 251) = 31.0, p < .001). Cohorts did not gain skills over time through the clerkship. Rebound tenderness was frequently assessed incorrectly by students in both groups, with many avoiding the right lower quadrant entirely.

CONCLUSIONS

This project highlights how medical students struggle to utilize abdominal examination maneuvers and integrate findings. The results also showed that students did not consistently learn advanced examination skills either before or during clerkship rotation, which may be commonly assumed by clinical faculty. Finally, this work demonstrates how SP encounters can be used to evaluate and improve surgical education curriculum.
Extramedullary plasmacytoma exclusively localized in transplanted kidney: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder or monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance?
Authors: Chowdhury Raad B , Shah Sujal I , Milford Edgar , Tullius Stefan G , Rennke Helmut , Bianchi Giada
Published: August 2024

Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disease (PTLD) is defined as a malignancy that occurs post solid organ transplant (SOT). The incidence of PTLD in kidney transplant is lowest amongst all SOT with a majority having a monomorphic pattern that is commonly B cell driven. Plasmacytic variants of PTLD have been rarely reported, with only a handful of cases being clonal in nature. Here we report a unique case of a plasmacytoma-like PTLD with IgG-K restriction confined entirely to the kidney allograft, without evidence of any clonal plasma cell in the bone marrow or other extramedullary site. This case highlights an extremely rare disease, describes a diagnostic dilemma, reports the unconventional management, and poses more interesting questions about the pathophysiology of this disease.
Insurgent climate adaptation in Santiago de Cali: Resisting and reshaping flood-risk resettlements
Authors: Sarmiento Hugo
Published: August 2024

Climate adaptation in Latin American cities involves navigating highly contested social and cultural terrains. In cities with black and indigenous communities they are confronted with challenges such as histories of racial exclusion and informal, self-built housing in high-risk areas. This study examines Project Plan Jarillón, a flood protection infrastructure project in Santiago de Cali which involves Latin America’s largest relocation project. Cali, home to a large Afro-Colombian population, is also one of Colombia’s fastest growing cities and the second largest reciever of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the country. The study, based on 5 years of fieldwork including site visits and interviews, found the city’s failure to account for the segregation of black residents in high-risk areas has led to resistance, conflict and delays in the completion of the project. However, by forming an insurgent planning practice which draws from local culture and traditions of resistance, Afro-Colombian communities re-centered public debate on demands for racial and cultural recognition, and the right to decent housing. This insurgent planning is creating more democratic forms and approaches to climate adaptation in Cali at a pivotal moment in Colombia’s history as it negotiates a post-conflict process and positions itself as a global advocate for climate justice.
Inclusive Democracy Through the 73rd Amendment Act: An Empirical Evaluation of Scheduled Castes in Majha Region of Punjab
Authors: Lal Sewa
Published: August 2024

The concept of inclusive democracy has gained special attention in the past few decades, as it is a prerequisite for transparent and participatory governance. Also, it promotes decentralization with the open participation of the citizens. In order to attain inclusive governance with a transparent and efficient system, the 73rd Amendment Act has been providing opportunities to promote inclusive democracy in rural India in the form of panchayats since its inception. In Punjab, village democracies are also known as Gram Sabhas. The 73rd Amendment is meant for the inclusion of the marginals, especially the Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs) and women at the grassroot politics. This study examines the status of participation and representation of SCs at the Panchayati level in general and particularly in comparison to the General category (GC) representatives in the Majha region. Moreover, the study locates where the SCs stand against GCs in the process of decision-making at the Panchayati level. The opinions and observations of the study were based upon in-depth interviews of 408 representatives of panchayats, which show that 73rd Amendment increases awareness, consciousness and assertion among the SCs for their rights in the Panchayati Raj. It also leads to the emergence of grassroot leadership among them. Also, the study depicts the frontward representation of SC women in the panchayats. Similarly, the study reflects some regional issues and concerns predominant in the panchayats. Besides, suggestions and recommendations are also made to promote inclusiveness at the grassroots.
Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (1-3 prior lines): Flatiron database
Authors: Dhakal Binod , Einsele Hermann , Schecter Jordan M. , Deraedt William , Lendvai Nikoletta , Slaughter Ana , Lonardi Carolina , Nair Sandhya , He Jianming , Kharat Akshay , Cost Patricia , Valluri Satish , Yong Kwee
Published: August 2024

In the context of multiple myeloma (MM), early use of the immunomodulatory drug lenalidomide has led to an increased population of patients with lenalidomide-refractory MM in early-line settings, but their outcomes are not well characterized. Herein, we report treatment patterns, survival outcomes, prognostic variables, and attrition rates for patients with proteasome inhibitor–exposed, lenalidomide-refractory MM, treated with 1 to 3 prior lines of therapy (LOT). From 12 767 patients with MM in the Flatiron Health database between January 2016 and April 2022, 1455 met the inclusion criteria. The most common subsequent treatments were triplet combinations (41.6% of patients); daratumumab/pomalidomide/dexamethasone was the most common treatment regimen (13.2%). Median real-world progression-free survival (RW-PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 6.5 months and 44.4 months, respectively. RW-PFS was similar in patients with 1, 2, or 3 prior LOT. International Staging System stage III, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 1, hemoglobin <12 g/dL, high-risk cytogenetics, and refractoriness to anti-CD38 antibody at baseline were associated with worse RW-PFS and OS. Outcomes remained similar for patients who received National Comprehensive Cancer Network–preferred treatments and those who received treatments after 2020. In 561 patients with 1 prior LOT at inclusion, the cumulative attrition rate from LOT 2 to 5 was 85%, which included 25% patients who died and 60% with no further treatment. Patients with lenalidomide-refractory MM who have received 1 to 3 prior LOT have poor outcomes and progress rapidly through available therapies, highlighting the need for more effective treatments early in the disease course, before patients are lost to attrition.
Stellate cells are in utero markers of pancreatic disease in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Leir Shih-Hsing , Tkachenko Svyatoslav , Paranjapye Alekh , Meckler Frederick , Van Wettere Arnaud J. , Kerschner Jenny L. , Kuznetsov Elizabeth , Schacht Makayla , Gillurkar Pulak , Regouski Misha , Viotti Perisse Iuri , Marriott Cheyenne M. , Liu Ying , Bunderson Ian , White Kenneth L. , Polejaeva Irina A. , Harris Ann
Published: August 2024

Background

Pancreatic fibrosis is an early diagnostic feature of the common inherited disorder cystic fibrosis (CF). Many people with CF (pwCF) are pancreatic insufficient from birth and the replacement of acinar tissue with cystic lesions and fibrosis is a progressive phenotype that may later lead to diabetes. Little is known about the initiating events in the fibrotic process though it may be a sequela of inflammation in the pancreatic ducts resulting from loss of CFTR impairing normal fluid secretion. Here we use a sheep model of CF (CFTR−/−) to examine the evolution of pancreatic disease through gestation.

Methods

Fetal pancreas was collected at six time points from 50-days of gestation through to term, which is equivalent to ~ 13 weeks to term in human. RNA was extracted from tissue for bulk RNA-seq and single cells were prepared from 80-day, 120-day and term samples for scRNA-seq. Data were validated by immunochemistry.

Results

Transcriptomic evidence from bulk RNA-seq showed alterations in the CFTR−/− pancreas by 65-days of gestation, which are accompanied by marked pathological changes by 80-days of gestation. These include a fibrotic response, confirmed by immunostaining for COL1A1, αSMA and SPARC, together with acinar loss. Moreover, using scRNA-seq we identify a unique cell population that is significantly overrepresented in the CFTR−/− animals at 80- and 120-days gestation, as are stellate cells at term.

Conclusion

The transcriptomic changes and cellular imbalance that we observe likely have pivotal roles in the evolution of CF pancreatic disease and may provide therapeutic opportunities to delay or prevent pancreatic destruction in CF.