bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Short-term amino acid, clinicopathologic, and echocardiographic findings in healthy dogs fed a commercial plant-based diet
Authors: Cavanaugh Sarah M. , Cavanaugh Ryan P. , Gilbert Gregory E. , Leavitt Elena L. , Ketzis Jennifer K. , Vieira Aline B.
Published: October 2021

Consumer demand for commercially prepared plant-based (PB) dog food is increasing, but studies evaluating the short- or long-term effects of PB diets on canine health are lacking. The objective of this study was to assess the short-term amino acid (AA), clinicopathologic, and echocardiographic findings in 34 client-owned dogs fed a commercial extruded plant-based diet (PBD) in which pea protein was the primary protein source and 4 control dogs fed a commercial extruded traditional diet (TD). Plasma AA and whole blood taurine concentrations were measured in dogs at baseline and after 4 weeks on the PBD or the TD. Hematologic, serum biochemical, and echocardiographic testing were performed at baseline and after 12 weeks on the PBD or the TD. Four dogs in the PBD group did not complete the study. All essential AAs, except methionine, were higher in dogs after 4 weeks on the PBD compared to baseline. Taurine (plasma and whole blood) was also higher after 4 weeks on the PBD compared to baseline. A meaningful difference was detected in whole blood taurine between the PBD group and the control group at 4 weeks (P = .026) with the PBD group being higher. Median hematologic and biochemical results for the PBD group were within normal limits at baseline and at 12 weeks. In the PBD group, left ventricular internal diastolic dimension (LVIDd, P = < .001) and normalized LVIDd (P = .031) were higher 12 weeks post-PBD compared to baseline. There were no meaningful differences in left ventricular internal systolic dimension (LVIDs), normalized LVIDs, or fractional shortening 12 weeks post-PBD. There was no statistical evidence of difference between the 2 groups of dogs for any of the echocardiographic parameters at baseline or at 12 weeks. Essential AA or taurine deficiency was not observed in this cohort of dogs fed a commercial extruded PBD. Additionally, clinically relevant hematologic, serum biochemical and echocardiographic alterations were not detected. Further research is required to determine if long-term static feeding of PB diets can meet and maintain AA and other nutrient targets in dogs.
Analysis of antenatal care, intranatal care and postnatal care utilization: Findings from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Istifa Mabda Novalia , Efendi Ferry , Wahyuni Erna Dwi , Ramadhan Kadar , Adnani Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah , Wang Jiun-Yi
Published: October 2021

Background and objective

Maternal healthcare utilization by young women and adolescent girls is associated with maternal health outcomes and plays a critical role in reducing maternal mortality rates in low- and middle-income countries. This study sought to analyze current data on antenatal care (ANC), intranatal care (INC), and postnatal care (PNC) utilization with a focus on mothers aged 15–24 years in Indonesia.

Methods

This study was a secondary analysis of data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey. The unit data analyzed 2,584 mothers aged 15–24 years who had delivered babies within the five-year period preceding the survey. Bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression utilizing descriptive statistics were used to explore correlations between the independent variables and ANC, INC, and PNC visits.

Results

Among the mothers included in the study, the prevalence of service utilization was 90.9% for ANC, 79.4% for INC, and 68.9% for PNC. Women’s age, education level, number and birth order of children, difference in age between the mother and her husband, her husband’s occupation, wealth index, access to the health service, and regional factors were significantly associated with the utilization of ANC, INC, and PNC services.

Conclusion

This study provides insights for policymakers on how to strengthen healthcare policies and laws with the aim to improve maternal healthcare services for mothers aged 15–24 years. To improve maternal healthcare utilization among young mothers, national policy should focus on service equality, accessibility, and reliable implementation.
A novel in vitro assay model developed to measure both extracellular and intracellular acetylcholine levels for screening cholinergic agents
Authors: Tanaka-Kanegae Ryohei , Hamada Koichiro
Published: October 2021

Background

Cholinergic neurons utilize choline (Ch) to synthetize acetylcholine (ACh) and contain a high-affinity Ch transporter, Ch acetyltransferase (ChAT), ACh receptors, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). As the depletion or malfunction of each component of the cholinergic system has been reported in patients with dementia, many studies have sought to evaluate whether treatment candidates affect each of the cholinergic components. The associated changes in the cholinergic components may be reflected by intra- or extra-cellular ACh levels, with an increase in extracellular ACh levels occurring following AChE inhibition. We hypothesized that increases in intracellular ACh levels can be more sensitively detected than those in extracellular ACh levels, thereby capturing subtle effects in the cholinergic components other than AChE. The objective of this study was to test this hypothesis.

Methods

We developed an in vitro model to measure both extracellular and intracellular ACh levels using the human cholinergic neuroblastoma cell line, LA-N-2, which have been reported to express Ch transporter, ChAT, muscarinic ACh receptor (mAChR), and AChE. With this model, we evaluated several drug compounds and food constituents reported to improve cholinergic function through various mechanisms. In addition, we conducted western blotting to identify the subtype of mAChR that is expressed on the cell line.

Results

Our cell-based assay system was capable of detecting increases in extracellular ACh levels induced by an AChE inhibitor at relatively high doses, as well as increases in intracellular ACh levels following the administration of lower AChE-inhibitor doses and an mAChR agonist. Moreover, increases in intracellular ACh levels were observed even after treatment with food constituents that have different mechanisms of action, such as Ch provision and ChAT activation. In addition, we revealed that LA-N-2 cells expressed mAChR M2.

Conclusion

The findings support our hypothesis and indicate that the developed assay model can broadly screen compounds from drugs to food ingredients, with varying strengths and mechanisms of action, to develop treatments for ACh-relevant phenomena, including dementia and aging-related cognitive decline.
Making a science out of preanalytics: An analytical method to determine optimal tissue fixation in real-time
Authors: Bauer Daniel R. , Leibold Torsten , Chafin David R.
Published: October 2021

Modern histopathology is built on the cornerstone principle of tissue fixation, however there are currently no analytical methods of detecting fixation and as a result, in clinical practice fixation is highly variable and a persistent source of error. We have previously shown that immersion in cold formalin followed by heated formalin is beneficial for preservation of histomorphology and have combined two-temperature fixation with ultra-sensitive acoustic monitoring technology that can actively detect formalin diffusing into a tissue. Here we expand on our previous work by developing a predictive statistical model to determine when a tissue is properly diffused based on the real-time acoustic signal. We trained the model based on the morphology and characteristic diffusion curves of 30 tonsil cores. To test our model, a set of 87 different tonsil samples were fixed with four different protocols: dynamic fixation according to our predictive algorithm (C/H:Dynamic, N = 18), gold-standard 24 hour room temperature (RT:24hr, N = 24), 6 hours in cold formalin followed by 1 hour in heated formalin (C/H:6+1, N = 21), and 2 hours in cold formalin followed by 1 hour in heated formalin (C/H:2+1, N = 24). Digital pathology analysis revealed that the C/H:Dynamic samples had FOXP3 staining that was spatially uniform and statistically equivalent to RT:24hr and C/H:6+1 fixation protocols. For comparison, the intentionally underfixed C/H:2+1 samples had significantly suppressed FOXP3 staining (p<0.002). Furthermore, our dynamic fixation protocol produced bcl-2 staining concordant with standard fixation techniques. The dynamically fixed samples were on average only submerged in cold formalin for 4.2 hours, representing a significant workflow improvement. We have successfully demonstrated a first-of-its-kind analytical method to assess the quality of fixation in real-time and have confirmed its performance with quantitative analysis of downstream staining. This innovative technology could be used to ensure high-quality and standardized staining as part of an expedited and fully documented preanalytical workflow.
Urban scaling of opioid analgesic sales in the United States
Authors: Mullachery Pricila H. , Bilal Usama
Published: October 2021

Opioid misuse is a public health crisis in the United States. The origin of this crisis is associated with a sharp increase in opioid analgesic prescribing. We used the urban scaling framework to analyze opioid prescribing patterns in US commuting zones (CZs), i.e., groups of counties based on commuting patterns. The urban scaling framework postulates that a set of scaling relations can be used to predict health outcomes and behaviors in cities. We used data from the Drug Enforcement Administration’s Automated Reports and Consolidated Ordering System (ARCOS) to calculate counts of oxycodone/hydrocodone pills distributed to 607 CZs in the continental US from 2006 to 2014. We estimated the scaling coefficient of opioid pill counts by regressing log(pills) on log(population) using a piecewise linear spline with a single knot at 82,363. Our results show that CZs with populations below the knot scaled superlinearly (β = 1.36), i.e., larger CZs had disproportionally larger pill counts compared to smaller CZs. On the other hand, CZs with populations above the knot scaled sublinearly (β = 0.92), i.e., larger CZs had disproportionally smaller pill counts compared to smaller CZs. This dual scaling pattern was consistent across US census regions. For CZs with population below the knot, the superlinear scaling of pills is consistent with the explanation that an increased number of successful matches between prescribers and users will lead to higher prescribing rates. The non-linear scaling behavior observed could be the result of a combination of factors, including stronger health care systems and prescribing regulation in largely populated commuting zones, as well as high availability of other opioids such as heroin in these commuting zones. Future research should explore potential mechanisms for the non-linearity of prescription opioid pills.
Adolescent girls and young women’s PrEP-user journey during an implementation science study in South Africa and Kenya
Authors: Rousseau Elzette , Katz Ariana W. K. , O’Rourke Shannon , Bekker Linda-Gail , Delany-Moretlwe Sinead , Bukusi Elizabeth , Travill Danielle , Omollo Victor , Morton Jennifer F. , O’Malley Gabrielle , Haberer Jessica E. , Heffron Renee , Johnson Rachel , Celum Connie , Baeten Jared M. , van der Straten Ariane
Published: October 2021

Successful scale-up of PrEP for HIV prevention in African adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) requires integration of PrEP into young women’s everyday lives. We conducted interviews and focus group discussions with 137 AGYW PrEP users aged 16–25 from South Africa and Kenya. Individual and relational enablers and disablers were explored at key moments during their PrEP-user journey from awareness, initiation and early use through persistence, including PrEP pauses, restarts, and discontinuation. PrEP uptake was facilitated when offered as part of an integrated sexual reproductive health service, but hampered by low awareness, stigma and misconceptions about PrEP in the community. Daily pill-taking was challenging for AGYW due to individual, relational and structural factors and PrEP interruptions (intended or unintended) were described as part of AGYW’s PrEP-user journey. Disclosure, social support, adolescent-friendly health counseling, and convenient access to PrEP were reported as key enablers for PrEP persistence.
Age, experience and creative labour: Narratives of creative professionals over age 55 in the New York fashion industry
Authors: McInnis Anne , Medvedev Katalin
Published: October 2021

This qualitative study introduces six creative fashion professionals, aged 55‐74, who started their careers in the 1980s. They have managed to overcome the complex challenges of employment and remain active in the highly competitive and youth-centric fashion industry of New York
City. The participants represent key occupations that drive the behind-the-scenes creative force in the industry’s supply chain. While their long careers have equipped them with expertise, multiple transferable hard and soft skills and extensive professional networks, they have become
a rare age demographic in the industry. We investigate the importance of professional experience that comes with age in the current workforce by exploring the participants’ self-reflections and assessments about their careers as ageing workers. We determine how exogenous factors such
as globalization, trade agreements, changes in technology, the effect of politics and recessions, global health crises and endogenous factors, such as changes in positions, additional training and work‐life balance, have influenced their careers. We highlight the benefits of intergenerational
teams in which older workers are effectively able to transfer knowledge to and collaborate with younger co-workers and vice versa. Employing insights of the theory of experience, continuity theory, social exchange theory and generational theory, the study shows that intergenerational collaboration
is critical to mastering creative processes in the fashion and textiles industry. Our research uncovers this demographic’s collective experience, tacit knowledge and resilience and proclaims their passion for their professions. It also illuminates the strategies the participants employed
to remain professionally relevant as they adapted to the shifting landscape of the global fashion industry.
Role of Impulsivity, Aggression in Alcohol Dependence – A Cross Sectional Study from Vellore, India
Authors: Rathika Pichaachari , Veeramuthu Kaliyan , Senthilkumar Arumugam Subramanian
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder is one of the dangerous public health burden. The construct of impulsivity and its various dimensions in relation with aggression are relevant for understanding alcohol dependence and relapse. The goal of the study is to describe the role of impulsivity and aggression in the context of alcohol dependence. The purpose and implications of this study was to understand the human factors contributing to aggression and impulsivity and in providing advanced treatment programs. METHODS This cross-sectional study was discussed in detail and approved by the ethical committee of the Madras Medical College. The cases were selected consecutively from all the patients attending the outpatients as well as inpatient for the same after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria, within seven days of last intake of alcohol. The diagnosis was made according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) criteria after ruling out psychotic disorder and other comorbid medical illnesses. Informed consent was obtained from all the patients and caregivers. Descriptive statistics used meticulously to measure the magnitude. RESULTS This study found significant positive correlation (P < 0.001) between impulsivity, aggression subtypes with alcohol dependence. Various subsets in Barrett impulsivity scale (BIS) and subsets of Buss Perry aggression scales (BPAS) had positive correlations. We found that as severity of dependence increases, impulsivity and aggression scores increases and vice versa. The comparison of means of illness variables within groups showed that there was no significant difference between groups in terms of age of onset of illness, last alcohol intake, number of hospital admissions, duration of abstinence and frequency of relapse. CONCLUSIONS This study describes the important role of behavioural model and disease model of alcoholism, 1,2 greatly stresses the inability to control the quantity and frequency of the drinking behaviour. There is higher level of connectivity between alcohol dependence with biological and behavioural indicators of impulsivity and aggression. 3 It supports that relapse is an acquired behaviour in which the individual is able to control his substance taking pattern through adequate cognitive behavioural techniques in addition to pharmacological treatment and also suggest more research needed in future to focus on causality and intervention. KEY WORDS Impulsivity, Aggression, Alcohol dependence, Relapse
The Effect of Atmospheric Drag Force on the Elements of Low Earth Orbital Satellites at Minimum Solar Activity
Authors: Hasan Najlaa Ozaar , Zaki Wafaa Hasan Ali , Izzet Ahmed Kader
Published: October 2021

Researching and modeling perturbations is essential in astrodynamics because it gives information on the deviations from the satellite's normal, idealized, or unperturbed motion. Examined the impact of non-conservative atmospheric drag and orbital elements of low-earth-orbit satellites under low solar activity. The study is consisting of parts, the first looks at the effects of atmospheric drag on LEO satellites different area to mass ratios, and the second looks at different inclination values. Modeling the impacts of perturbation is included in each section, and the final portion determines the effects of atmospheric drag at various node values. The simulation was run using the Celestial Mechanics software system's SATORB module (Beutler, 2005), which solves the perturbation equations via numerical integration. The findings were examined using Matlab 2012. Conclusion that the impacts are stronger for retrograde orbits, which is due to the fact that the satellite moves in the opposite direction. The atmospheric drag effects for all orbital elements were increased by increasing the area to mass ratio. When the node value rises, the size parameter changes slightly, but the other orbital elements change. At varying inclinations, it is found that the changes in orbital elements due to atmospheric drug.
Synthesis, Characterization and Adsorption Studies of a Graphene Oxide/Polyacrylic Acid Nanocomposite Hydrogel
Authors: Mahdi Makarim A. , Jawad Aymen A.R. , Aljeboree Aseel M. , Jasim Layth S. , Alkaim Ayad F.
Published: October 2021

The AAc/GO nanocomposite hydrogel was successfully employed as a polymeric Nano sorbent of the removal efficiency of M G dye from the model. The complication of the mechanism of the adsorption system was completely exposed by examining how solution pH affects adsorption, Ionic strength isotherm models, kinetic models, and thermodynamics. The adsorption of the MG dye was greatly dependent on the solution pH. The Freundlich model has been demonstrated to be the most accurate in describing the MG dye sorption, whilst the Langmuir model was shown to be the least accurate. Additionally, these integrated mechanisms fit nicely within the framework of a pseudo-second-order model. Additionally, the contact time at equilibrium short (ten minutes) required to MG removes demonstrates the AAc/GO nanocomposite hydrogel can be considered an efficient and potentially useful adsorbent for MG removal from industrial effluents.
Synthesis and Characterization of Heterocyclic Compounds Derived from Schiff base Glycerol Triester
Authors: Mseer Marwa Abdulameer , Jawad Khudheyer , Al-Khafaji Yahya
Published: October 2021

Heterocyclic compounds were prepared from Schiff bases triester derivatives, the first step was included, p- aminobenzoic acids convert to p-amino benzoyl chloride in the presence of thionyl chloride then glycerol was added to form triesters compound A. second step reaction of triester product with the 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, and 3-amino benzaldehyde to produce M1, and M2. The third step. Involve reacted Schiff bases triester derivatives to give heterocyclic compounds M1S, M1A, M2P, and M2K. The structure of all compounds is monitored by (TLC), and identified by many techniques 1HNMR, FT-IR, and melting point.
Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk Gene Prediction Using Improved Salp Swarm Algorithm and Enhanced Convolution Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Anitha Dr.J.
Published: October 2021

A group of Neuro developmental disorders is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) which is characterized by communication skills and social interaction difficulties. In past few years, there is a rapid increase in ASD and its root symptom’s cause is not yet determined. Comparatively large effort is needed in the existing system using Bayes network and there is no universally accepted technique to construct a network from data. An Enhanced Convolution Neural Network (ECNN) and Improved Salp Swarm Algorithm (ISSA) is proposed to solve these issues and for effective ASD classification. The task corresponds to classifying a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) gene would cause a disease or not. After class balancing, discretization is applied for converting continuous values into discrete values and for optimal gene selection, ISSA algorithm is used. From genomic data, candidate gene biomarkers are identified using this gene selection. Every possible feature subset is computed for minimizing irrelevant features and error rate in gene data. It is focused to enhance ASD classification model’s accuracy. The Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network algorithm is used for ASD classification. The autism microarray dataset from the benchmark public repository, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is used for analysis. The proposed work using ISSA and ECNN exhibits better performance in terms of precision, accuracy, specificity, sensitivity and time complexity as indicated in the results.
Influence of Environmental Concerns and Moral Obligation on Purchase Intention: Evidence from Cambodia
Authors:   Program of International Business, Nanhua University, Chiayi County, Taiwan, Liao Ying-Kai , Wu Wann-Yih ,   Program of International Business, Nanhua University, Chiayi County, Taiwan, Pham Thi-That ,   Department of Business Administration, Nanhua University, Chiayi County, Taiwan Hourt Sengheang HGB Group Co. Ltd, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Published: October 2021

Environmental issues and sustainability have attracted considerable attention. The public have been asked to change their conventional consumption patterns and purchase behaviours. This study expanded the theoretical base of green purchasing by extending the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and essays a comprehensive research framework to identify the antecedents and mediators of green purchase intention (GPI). Smart PLS version 3.2.8 was employed to test the theoretical framework against 314 observations of customers who had bought green products in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. The current study extended the framework of the TPB model, in which perceived moral obligation (PMO) is introduced as an antecedent of attitudes towards green products, subjective norms (SN), and perceived behavioural control (PBC) vis-a-vis GPI. The findings reveal that environmental awareness and environmental concerns have a significant and positive influence on SN, PMO, and PBC. They also show that consumers’ PMO has a positive and significant impact on customers’ perceived value, including perceived environmental value and perceived environmental image. Furthermore, SN, PMO, PBC, and customers’ perceived value have a significant effect on attitudes towards green products. Both customer’s attitudes and perceived value have a positive effect on GPI. Theoretical and managerial implications are provided.
Ciało, gest, literatura
Authors: Gruszczyk Tomasz
Published: October 2021

As Maurice Merleau-Ponty wrote, the experience of the body, the somatic experience and the gesture as an act of expression bring into being both the sense of things that are being interacted with and the sense of existence of which the body is a vehicle. If so, then the verbal expression, creativity, literature – apart from the fact that it is (most often) a representation of things (and thoughts) that are already anchored in culture and create its universe – can be an individual event of a similar nature and course: becoming, creating, bringing out the subject-body in writing and in what’s being written. The works of Stanisław Czycz serve as an example of such literature-gesture. They have specific characteristics of autobiographical and autocreational writing, and also take up the problem of experiencing the body and corporeality. However, they are analyzed here as autoteleological work – as a gesture of a body that is being created and a body that is creating its own sense.
An 𝔽p2-maximal Wiman sextic and its automorphisms
Authors: Giulietti Massimo , Kawakita Motoko , Lia Stefano , Montanucci Maria
Published: October 2021

In 1895 Wiman introduced the Riemann surface 𝒲 of genus 6 over the complex field ℂ defined by the equationX6+Y6+ℨ6+(X2+Y2+ℨ2)(X4+Y4+ℨ4)−12X2Y2ℨ2= 0, and showed that its full automorphism group is isomorphic to the symmetric groupS5. We show that this holds also over every algebraically closed field 𝕂 of characteristicp≥ 7. Forp= 2, 3 the above polynomial is reducible over 𝕂, and forp= 5 the curve 𝒲 is rational and Aut(𝒲) ≅ PGL(2,𝕂). We also show that Wiman’s 𝔽192-maximal sextic 𝒲 is not Galois covered by the Hermitian curve H19over the finite field 𝔽192.
Protective effect of Lactobacillus-containing probiotics on intestinal mucosa of rats experiencing traumatic hemorrhagic shock
Authors: Wang Lei , Liu Shu-li , Xu Zhi-peng , Song Qi , Li Lei , Qiu Zhao-lei , Wang Zhen-jie
Published: October 2021

This study was conducted to assess whether Lactobacillus-containing probiotics could protect intestinal mucosa in rats during traumatic hemorrhagic shock and to determine its underlying mechanisms. Healthy male Sprague–Dawley rats (300 ± 20 g) were randomly divided into four groups. During the study, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and hematoxylin and eosin methods were used. There was a significant increase in the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the rats that experienced traumatic hemorrhagic shock, along with increased mRNA of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6. Pretreatment with Lactobacillus-containing probiotics reduced TLR4 expression, decreased phosphorylation (Ser536) and acetylation (Lys310) of p65, and decreased TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA. The probiotics combined acetate Ringer’s group showed a less severe pathological manifestation compared to the other experimental groups. Lactobacillus-containing probiotics inhibited nuclear factor-kappa B signaling via the downregulation of TLR4, resulting in inflammatory homeostasis, which might be the mechanism whereby Lactobacillus protects the intestinal mucosa from damage caused by the traumatic hemorrhagic shock.
Investigating the Use of Translation Continuation Tasks in Commercial Translation Teaching: A Study on Translating User Manuals
Authors: Xu Qi , Deng Lijun
Published: October 2021

Based on the xu-argument, this study investigated the use of translation continuation tasks in commercial translation instruction. Forty-four second-year Business English majors at a Chinese university participated in the study. They were divided into equal-sized control and experimental groups. Members of the experimental group were asked to read Chinese-English parallel texts from a user manual, while those of the control group were asked to read the Chinese text only. Subsequently, both groups were required to translate the continued Chinese text into English. The results indicated the following: 1) the experimental group’s translated text was of significantly higher quality than that of the control group; and 2) the experimental group’s translations were well-aligned with the original text in their use of terminology, sentence structure, and stylistic features. The study concludes by suggesting that translation continuation tasks can improve commercial translation instruction and hence should be further applied in practice.
Wolfram-like syndrome – another face of a rare disease in children
Authors: Smetek Mariusz , Gadzalska Karolina , Jakiel Paulina , Grzybowska Julia , Mysliwiec Malgorzata , Borowiec Maciej , Zmysłowska Agnieszka
Published: October 2021

Objectives

The presence of two pathogenic variants in the WFS1 gene leads to the occurrence of a rare genetic disease in children – Wolfram syndrome (WFS), which includes insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DM), optic atrophy (OA), diabetes insipidus (DI), and deafness (D). However, the presence of a single mutation in the WFS1 gene results in a number of other autosomal dominant inherited diseases, including Wolfram-like syndrome (WFS-like).

Case presentation

A 10-year-old boy was referred to the Genetic Outpatient Clinic with suspected WFS based on the coexistence of D, type 1 DM, short stature, and abnormalities in ophthalmologic examination (astigmatism and OA due to the optical coherence tomography result). The genetic analysis did not confirm WFS syndrome in the boy but identified a single likely pathogenic de novo variant in the WFS1 gene, which confirmed WFS-like syndrome.

Conclusions

Currently, the patient is under the care of an endocrinologist, diabetologist, ophthalmologist, audiologist, and also psychologist because of mood disorders.
Patterns of persistence and diffusibility in the European lexicon
Authors: Gast Volker , Koptjevskaja-Tamm Maria
Published: October 2021

This article investigates to what extent the semantics and the phonological forms of lexical items are genealogically inherited or acquired through language contact. We focus on patterns of colexification (the encoding of two concepts with the same word) as an aspect of lexical-semantic organization. We test two pairs of hypotheses. The first pair concerns the genealogical stability (persistence) and susceptibility to contact-induced change (diffusibility) of colexification patterns and phonological matter in the 40 most genealogically stable elements of the 100-items Swadesh list, which we call “nuclear vocabulary”. We hypothesize that colexification patterns are (a) less persistent, and (b) more diffusible, than the phonological form of nuclear vocabulary. The second pair of hypotheses concerns degrees of diffusibility in two different sections of the lexicon – “core vocabulary” (all 100 elements of the Swadesh list) and its complement (“non-core/peripheral vocabulary”). We hypothesize that the colexification patterns associated with core vocabulary are (a) more persistent, and (b) less diffusible, than colexification patterns associated with peripheral vocabulary. The four hypotheses are tested using the lexical-semantic data from the CLICS database and independently determined phonological dissimilarity measures. The hypothesis that colexification patterns are less persistent than the phonological matter of nuclear vocabulary receives clear support. The hypothesis that colexification patterns are more diffusible than phonological matter receives some support, but a significant difference can only be observed for unrelated languages. The hypothesis that colexification patterns involving core vocabulary are more genealogically stable than colexification patterns at the periphery of the lexicon cannot be confirmed, but the data seem to indicate a higher degree of diffusibility for colexification patterns at the periphery of the lexicon. While we regard the results of our study as valid, we emphasize the tentativeness of our conclusions and point out some limitations as well as desiderata for future research to enable a better understanding of the genealogical versus areal distribution of linguistic features.
New horizons for the synthesis of nanoparticles: Germanium nanoparticles from metastable GeBr-solutions
Authors: Slynchuk Viktoriia , Hodas Martin , Naglav-Hansen Dominik , Schreiber Frank , Schnepf Andreas
Published: October 2021

We present the synthesis and characterization of halide-terminated colloidal Ge nanoparticles of 2–10 nm with a narrow size distribution, synthesized via a novel reaction route. The nanoparticles are prepared by the disproportionation reaction of metastable Ge(I)X solutions and are obtained in a maximum yield of 79%. Control of the nanoparticle size is achieved by varying the aging time and/or temperature. The halide termination of the nanoparticles is a perfect prerequisite for further surface functionalization but also leads to a high sensitivity of the germanium nanoparticles to water and air.
The crystal structure of 3-bromopicolinic acid, C6H4BrNO2
Authors: Huang Guang
Published: October 2021

C6H4BrNO2, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 14.3975(12) Å, b = 7.5773(7) Å, c = 12.2500(10) Å, β = 90°, V = 1336.4(2) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0281, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0536, T = 150(2) K.
Tiberius aequatus Augusto
Authors: Pieper Christoph
Published: October 2021

This paper comments on the tension between constantimitatioand refusedaemulatio gloriaein Tiberius’ attitude towards Augustus in Velleius Paterculus’History. I argue that Tiberius is equalling and eventually even surpassing Augustusprecisely becausehe refuses to compete with him, let alone surpass him. In order to do so, I focus on two hitherto neglected Augustan intertexts, which are referenced at very distinct moments of Velleius’ portrayal of Tiberius. The first is the moment when Tiberius appears on the political stage at the age of 19 (2.94.1); the second is the last mentioned event of his life before he succeeds Augustus, namely his third triumph inad12 (2.122.1).
Die Geburt der Religion?
Authors: Kollodzeiski Ulrike
Published: October 2021

In diesem Artikel geht es darum, die Genealogie im Anschluss an Michel Foucault für die Religionswissenschaft fruchtbar zu machen und ihr Programm zu schärfen. Dazu hebe ich zuerst einige wesentliche Aspekte hervor, welche die Genealogie ausmachen. Im Folgenden untersuche ich den Artikel „Umkämpfte Historisierung“ von Michael Bergunder als ein aktuelles Beispiel für die Anwendung der Genealogie in der Religionswissenschaft. Diesem stelle ich im letzten Teil des Artikels meine eigene Genealogie von Religion gegenüber. Ich zeige, wie sich die Konstitution eines spezifisch religiösen Bereichs und die nominalistische Auffassung seiner Zeichen innerhalb des Ritenstreits im Kontext von Mission in Asien seit dem 16. Jh. vollzogen hat. Wie Religion verstanden wurde, hing dabei unmittelbar davon ab, welche kolonialen Interessen durchgesetzt werden sollten. Die Verstrickung von Religion in den Zusammenhang von Macht-Subjekt-Wissen muss deshalb zukünftig konsequenter auch durch die Religionswissenschaft untersucht werden. Religion ist keine unschuldige Kategorie der Beobachtung, sondern über sie wurden und werden Kämpfe um Macht und gesellschaftlichen Einfluss ausgetragen.
Handelsbräuche bei Wagniskapitalfinanzierungen
Authors: Denga Michael
Published: October 2021

Wagniskapitalinvestitionen führen zu einer Funktionsänderung von Geschäftsanteilen. Bei den international verbreiteten Vesting-Regimen werden Geschäftsanteile insbesondere auch zu Finanzierungs- und Vergütungsinstrumenten. Die Verbreitung und Akzeptanz von diesbezüglichen Musterklauseln im Markt lässt auf Handelsbräuche schließen, die auch für die rechtliche Beurteilung der Beteiligungsregime maßgeblich sein müssen. Die für herkömmliche Ausschlussklausen entwickelte Hinauskündigungsrechtsprechung kann um ein wirtschaftssoziologisches Moment modifiziert werden, um die Interessen der Beteiligten besser abzubilden. Es sollte eine Wirksamkeitsvermutung bei marktüblichen Beteiligungsklauseln gelten und nicht mehr im Einzelfall nach einem sachlichen Grund für den Gesellschafterausschluss gesucht werden. Dieser wirtschaftsnahe Ansatz kann Rechtssicherheit steigern und das deutsche Gesellschaftsrecht im internationalen Wettbewerb stärken.
Urodynamic Values Role For Females With Different Types Of Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Pilsetniece Zane , Vjaters Egils
Published: October 2021

Aim — The aim of this study was to analyse how conventional urodynamic values differ between females with specific types of urinary incontinence (UI). Material and Methods — Cross-sectional study enrolled 666 females with UI. Based on patient history and questionnaires they were divided into three groups: stress (SUI), mixed (MixUI) and urgency (UUI). Physical investigation and urodynamics were performed. The continuous factors: age and urodynamic data were evaluated using Multinomial regression and ANOVA test using SUI, MixUI, UUI as outcome groups. Results — Analysing urodynamic parameters significant difference between at least two groups was shown by the cystometric capacity and maximum flow rate: both highest in the SUI group; residual urine, opening detrusor pressure, maximum urethral closure pressure at rest, functional urethral length at rest: all highest in the UUI group. Mainly all urodynamic data showed significant difference between SUI/UUI, and MixUI/UUI groups, while difference between SUI/MixUI were not significant. Conclusions — Most of urodynamic data for MixUI group patients do not differ from SUI group. UDS parameters like: maximum flow rate, residual urine, opening detrusor pressure, maximum urethral closure pressure at rest, functional urethral length at rest can help to distinguish SUI and MixUI groups from UUI group.
Preparation of Polyelectrolyte Complex Films of Chitosan-Alginate Incorporated by Eugenol and its Potency as an Antioxidant Packaging
Authors: Riyandari Baiq Amelia
Published: October 2021

Preparation of PEC chitosan-alginate films incorporated by eugenol has been investigated. Incorporation of eugenol in chitosan-alginate films was conducted by using the different concentration of eugenol including 0.25% 0.5%, and 1% (% w/v). The effect of eugenol incorporation in chitosan-alginate films was investigated through some properties of the films such as tensile strength, elongation at break, transparency value, and water vapor permeability. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of eugenol incorporation as an active compound of the films was investigated from antioxidant activity of chitosan-alginate films incorporated eugenol. Polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) films of chitosan-alginate was occurred through molecular interaction between polycationic groups of chitosan and polyanionic groups of alginate. The formation of chitosan-alginate PEC films was synthesized at pH Â± 4.0. Based on FTIR analysis, the ionic interaction between amine groups (â€“NH3+) and carboxylate groups (â€“COOÂ¬) formed strongly. Characterization of films also indicated that PEC films of chitosan-alginate incorporated of eugenol was formed. Study showed that PEC chitosan-alginate films had good mechanical properties. Antioxidant activity assay throughÂ  fixed reaction time methodÂ  using DPPH radical (Î±,Î±-difenil-Î²- pikrilhidrazil) resulted in good percentage of radical scavenging activity (%RSA) from the films. The E3 films which contain 1% eugenol has 55.99% ofÂ  RSA value in 96 hours.
Drugs Abuse, Law, and Society: The Role of Penitentiary Institution
Authors: Yusuf Wahyullah A
Published: October 2021

The problem of criminal narcotics crime has become the problem of nations and nations in the world that is always talked about. Around the world the problem of narcotics abuse is almost all the problems of nations. Narcotics abuse can certainly lead to physical damage, mental health, emotions, and attitudes in society. Problems of narcotics abuse have been threatening society and nation to become an organized crime in the national scope as well as to the international world. This study aims to analyze the problem of how the application of criminal law regarding the regulation of narcotics crime in Indonesia and how the criminal law system concerning the regulation of narcotics crime in Indonesia. Research method in scientific journal is done by normative juridical approach that is by doing analysis of problem through approach of law principles and referring to legal norms contained in legislation. The data used in this scientific journal is secondary data. This study found and emphasized that penitentiary institution has an important and strategic role on rehabilitating the drug abuse actors. However, in some cases, the penitentiary.
Inhibition of GATA2 in prostate cancer by a clinically available small molecule
Authors: Kaochar Salma , Rusin Aleksandra , Foley Christopher , Rajapakshe Kimal , Robertson Matthew , Skapura Darlene , Mason Cammy , Berman De Ruiz Karen , Tyryshkin Alexey Mikhailovich , Deng Jenny , Shin Jin Na , Fiskus Warren , Dong Jianrong , Huang Shixia , Navone Nora M , Davis Christel M , Ehli Erik A , Coarfa Cristian , Mitsiades Nicholas
Published: October 2021

Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains highly lethal and in need of novel, actionable therapeutic targets. The pioneer factor GATA2 is a significant prostate cancer (PC) driver and is linked to poor prognosis. GATA2 directly promotes androgen receptor (AR) gene expression (both full-length and splice-variant) and facilitates AR binding to chromatin, recruitment of coregulators, and target gene transcription. Unfortunately, there is no clinically applicable GATA2 inhibitor available at the moment. Using a bioinformatics algorithm, we screened in silico 2650 clinically relevant drugs for a potential GATA2 inhibitor. Validation studies used cytotoxicity and proliferation assays, global gene expression analysis, RT-qPCR, reporter assay, reverse phase protein array analysis (RPPA), and immunoblotting. We examined target engagement via cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), ChIP-qPCR, and GATA2 DNA-binding assay. We identified the vasodilator dilazep as a potential GATA2 inhibitor and confirmed on-target activity via CETSA. Dilazep exerted anticancer activity across a broad panel of GATA2-dependent PC cell lines in vitro and in a PDX model in vivo. Dilazep inhibited GATA2 recruitment to chromatin and suppressed the cell-cycle program, transcriptional programs driven by GATA2, AR, and c-MYC, and the expression of several oncogenic drivers, including AR, c-MYC, FOXM1, CENPF, EZH2, UBE2C, and RRM2, as well as of several mediators of metastasis, DNA damage repair, and stemness. In conclusion, we provide, via an extensive compendium of methodologies, proof-of-principle that a small molecule can inhibit GATA2 function and suppress its downstream AR, c-MYC, and other PC-driving effectors. We propose GATA2 as a therapeutic target in CRPC.
New therapeutic opportunities for women with low-grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Moujaber Tania , Balleine Rosemary L , Gao Bo , Madsen Ida , Harnett Paul R , DeFazio Anna
Published: October 2021

Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSC) is a morphologically and molecularly distinct subtype of ovarian cancer, accounting for ~10% of serous carcinomas. Women typically present at a younger age and have a protracted clinical course compared with the more common, high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Currently, the primary treatment of LGSC is the same as other epithelial ovarian cancer subtypes, with treatment for most patients comprised of debulking surgery and platinum/taxane chemotherapy. Primary surgical cytoreduction to no visible residual disease remains a key prognostic factor; however, the use of platinum-based chemotherapy in both upfront and relapsed setting is being questioned due to low response rates in LGSC. Most LGSC expresses steroid hormone receptors, and selected patients may benefit from endocrine maintenance therapy following chemotherapy, in particular, those with evidence of residual disease at completion of surgery. In the recurrent setting, while hormonal therapies may offer disease stabilisation with relatively low toxicity, objective response rates remain low. Strategies to increase response rates, including combining with CDK4/6 inhibitors, are being investigated. LGSC has a high prevalence of activating somatic mutations in mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway genes, most commonly in KRAS, BRAF and NRAS. Trametinib, a MEK inhibitor, has shown efficacy over chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. The use of combination targeted therapies, immunotherapy and anti-angiogenic agents, remain active areas of investigation for the treatment of LGSC.
Cheating in chess: a call for an integrated disciplinary regulation
Authors: Zaksaitė Salomėja
Published: October 2021

This article examines recent regulation in the sport of chess with a focus on cheating. On the one hand, disciplinary law in chess could be considered relatively underdeveloped compared with other sports. On the other hand, however, this kind of ‘underdevelopment’ might be appropriate since chess governing bodies have not yet introduced interventionist rules. These two interacting perspectives shape the aim and the objectives of legal research designed to protect the chess community from cheating by suggesting adequate disciplinary measures. The analysis focuses mainly on two forms of cheating: computer-assisted cheating and match-fixing. The broad concept of cheating and relatively young legal regulation in an under-researched sport call for interdisciplinary analysis, therefore, knowledge of sports law, human rights as well as criminology is applied.
Mathematical modeling of bioreactor control
Authors:   , Nečiporenko Anatolij
Published: October 2021

Bioreaktoriaus valdymo matematinis modeliavimas
CORRELATION STUDIES OF INDIGENOUS BIOFILM FORMING BACTERIA FOR RESISTANCE AGAINST SELECTED METALS, ANTIBIOTICS AND DYES DEGRADATION
Authors: Tahir Uruj , Nawaz Shiza , Khan Umair Hassan , Yasmin Azra
Published: October 2021

This study determines correlation of biofilm-forming bacteria for selected metals, antibiotics and dyes. Total 12 strains having biofilm production potential were targeted in this study. Majority of them were Gram negative excluding MB377 and MB378, and facultative anaerobes. Isolates were mesophilic and exhibited growth capacity over a wide variety of pHs. Almost all isolates conferred resistance capacity against a wide range of multiple antibiotics having 0.0063 MAR for bacitracin, ampicillin, clindamycin, amoxicillin and sulphamethoxazole. Bacterial isolates displayed tolerance to diverse variety of metals i.e. cadmium, lead and iron 1000 mg L-1, copper 600-1000 mg L-1, chromium 700-1000 mg L-1 and nickel 200-600 mg L-1. Maximum heavy metal tolerance of 0.033 was observed for all metals excluding nickel. Correlation among metal tolerance and antibiotic resistance was extremely significant for chromium and bacitracin 0.862. Furthermore, moderate relationship (r= 0.682) between copper resistance and Basic Green 4 dye degradation was observed. Correlation coefficient for cadmium and Acid Red 2 dye was recorded as 0.512, while that for bacitracin and Basic Green 4 was noted as 0.665. These correlations proposed that resistance conferring genes might be present on same locus, genetic elements, chromosome or on a plasmid. 16S rRNA sequenced isolates were identified to be Klebsiella pneumoniae MB375, Staphylococcus sp. MB377, Klebsiella oxytoca MB381, Klebsiella pneumoniae MB394 and Klebsiella pneumoniae MB398. Potential of these biofilm forming strains to thrive under stressed environmental conditions proves them good entrants for being used in bioremoval of polluted sites after further studies on their metabolic pathways.