bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Border Community Readiness for Health Management Prior to the Special Border Economic Zone in Thailand: A Case Study of Sadao District Songkhla Province, Thailand
Authors:   Prince of Songkla University, Nima Sawpheeyah , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi ,   Prince of Songkla University, Sutheravut Pongthep ,   Prince of Songkla University
Published: December 2020

Community readiness (CR) refers to the degree to which a community is ready to take an action to address a health issue. Since 2015, the establishment of Special Economic Zones (SEZ) has already carried on in Thai-Malay border. The present study was conducted by using a 2-phased-mixed-methods, aiming to assess the level of CR and preparation and to develop community health management model prior to SEZ in Sadao district, Songkhla province. Data were collected by questionnaires in 450 local people by simple random sampling. An in-depth interview followed by a focus groups discussion was then performed in purposive selected 150 participants, during December 2017-April 2018. The data was finally analyzed by descriptive statistics and content analysis. Overall community readiness scores ranged from 5.85 to 7.01 on a 10-point scale. The mean readiness score, 6.28 (SD = 0.44) corresponds with an initiation level of readiness which referred to an action plan is established, and early steps are being taken by leadership to address the issue. Main features of the health management model for SEZ was established by community stakeholders as following: (1) community participation (2) network strengthening (3) knowledge and management (4) communication and (5) healthy public policy approach. These findings indicated that they display a slightly high of CR level. In the next step, targeted capacity building activities will be promoted to archive the health model to SEZ for sustainability.
Esri UC2020: Reporting from the world's biggest GIS event
Authors: Znamirowski Barbara
Published: December 2020

In the issue of GIS Trends we review the Esri User Conference (July 13 -16, 2020) held for the first time as an all virtual event.
El pueblo gunadule a través de la mirada fotográfica de los misioneros carmelitas descalzos en la prefectura apostólica de Urabá, Colombia (1918-1941)
Authors: Díaz Baiges David
Published: December 2020

Desde finales del siglo XIX y durante el XX se produjo una reactivación de la actividad misional a nivel global. En Colombia, este renacer otorgó un papel protagónico a la Iglesia Católica en las tareas de incorporar a la nación a las poblaciones indígenas que vivían al margen del Estado. Los estudios que analizan el papel de las misiones en el avance estatal hacia territorios «baldíos» en Colombia no han tenido en cuenta las representaciones que los religiosos construyeron sobre los pueblos originarios que debían «civilizar». En estas representaciones se clasificó a dichas poblaciones a partir de criterios raciales y culturales que dotaban de sentido a la actuación misional y, a su vez, legitimaban el nuevo orden republicano. Por ello, en este artículo se analizan las representaciones que los misioneros carmelitas descalzos construyeron sobre el pueblo gunadule de la región del golfo de Urabá. Para emprender esta tarea utilizaremos unas fuentes poco trabajadas, las fotografías.
Bamboo as an emerging resource for worldwide pulping and papermaking
Authors: Chen Zicheng , Zhang Huiwen , He Zhibin , Zhang Lanhe , Yue Xiaopeng
Published: December 2020

As a widely distributed and fast growing graminaceous plant, bamboo has emerged as an important raw material for pulping and papermaking to mitigate the shortage of wood resources, at least in the East Asia region. New technologies such as silicon removal have been developed to overcome the disadvantage of bamboo as a pulping raw material, as well as to improve the quality of bamboo pulp products. The bamboo pulping capacity in China is continuing to increase in the near future.
Acoustical properties of wood fiberboards prepared with different densities and resin contents
Authors: Park Se-Hwi , Lee Min , Seo Pureun-Narae , Kang Eun-Chang , Kang Chun-Won
Published: December 2020

The demand for noise control in residential environments is steadily increasing, but the currently available noise-reducing materials used in walls and floors are unsustainable and expensive. As an alternative, wood-fiber could be a good resource to manufacture eco-friendly acoustic materials. In this study, fiberboards were prepared by mixing wood-fibers (Pinus densiflora) with melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, obtaining specimens with different final densities and resin contents. The acoustic, physical, and morphological properties of the fiberboards were investigated. The sound absorption was greatly influenced by the density of the fiberboard: lower densities showed higher sound absorption performances. Furthermore, the low-frequency absorption coefficient was higher for lower resin contents. The materials met all the criteria required by the Korean standards for fiberboards. As the density increased, the dimensional stability and the bending strength increased; in contrast, the physical properties were not affected by the resin content. Microscopy observations confirmed that specimens with different densities and resin contents had different porosities; the porosity was assumed to be the main property that governs the noise-reducing ability. Due to their eco-friendliness and inexpensiveness, these fiberboards offer themselves as efficient and effective alternative sound-absorbing materials.
Penetration control of surface sizing starch using cationic PAM and its effect on the bending stiffness of paper
Authors: Seo Man Seok , Youn Hye Jung , Lee Hak Lae
Published: December 2020

Surface sizing is employed to increase the wetting resistance against liquids and to improve strength and surface properties of paper. Starch solution is the most widely used for surface sizing, and its effect is highly dependent upon how deep the starch solution penetrates into the paper structure. Better tensile strength can be obtained when starch penetrates deep into the thickness direction of paper. However, holdout of starch solution is beneficial for improving the stiffness and air or liquid resistance. This study was focused on the use of cationic polyacrylamide (PAM) as a surface sizing additive to control the penetration of starch solutions into paper, thus improving bending stiffness of paper. The effects of the ionic property, viscosity, and charge density of PAM on starch penetration and bending stiffness of surface sized papers were investigated. The penetration of starch solution was investigated with confocal laser scanning microscopy. The enthalpy changes accompanying the mixing of cationic PAMs with oxidized starch was determined using an isothermal titration calorimeter to see the molecular level interaction between PAM and starch in mixing. The addition of cationic PAM to oxidized starch solution made starch molecules stay on the paper surface rather than penetrating into the paper structure.
DELIBERATIVE DEMOCRATIC THEORY AND “THE FACT OF DISAGREEMENT”
Authors: Kiryukhin Denys
Published: December 2020

The development of the theory of deliberative democracy is connected to the completion of two tasks. The first is to combine broad political participation with the rationality of the political process. The second is to ensure the political unity of modern societies, which are characterized by a pluralism of often incompatible values, norms, and lifestyles. Within the framework of this theory, the key democratic procedure is rational deliberation open to all interested parties. The purpose of this procedure is to reach an agreement, as stated in the theory of Jurgen Habermas. However, experimental studies of deliberative practices show that they may result not in agreement but in the radicalization of positions. Unlike Habermas, John Rawls believes that a consensus on values and norms is unattainable. His theory of political liberalism attempts to answer the question of how political unity is possible in practically insoluble conflict, that is, in a situation of disagreement. He proposes the ideal of a well-ordered society with the assumption that a just society is one in which there is no agreement on comprehensive doctrines, but there is a consensus on the basic principles of justice. However, Rawls’s theory, in turn, faces a number of significant problems. For example, he was forced to admit that the democratic culture of society is a prerequisite for the formation of basic principles of justice in a well-ordered society. Rawls’s idea about the connections among disagreement, political freedom, and democracy influenced the further development of the theory of democracy, stimulating the search for different models of decision-making and the formation of political will without rational agreement. After all, the possibility of democracy lies in the conflict of ideas about justice and good.
Optimization of measurement step of surface acoustic wave velocity in non-homogeneous medium
Authors:   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the NAS of Ukraine, Mokryy O.M.
Published: December 2020

The method of measurement of space distribution of the surface acoustic wave velocity in nonhomogeneous medium is considered. It is shown that the spatial resolution and error of measurement of the surface acoustic wave velocity are dependent on the magnitudes and its ratio dependents on the step of measurement. The optimization method of the spatial resolution and precision measurement of the surface acoustic wave velocity is proposed. The method is based on the measurement by minimum step size and next processing of the experiment data.
Additive-multiplicative generator of logical connectives in fuzzy systems
Authors:   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the NAS of Ukraine, Vorobel R.A.
Published: December 2020

The basic sets of logical connectives of fuzzy systems are analyzed. It is shown that triangular norms are the basis for constructing the operators for logical connectives. Two main classes are distinguished – conditional and algebraic. The known generators of operators of triangular norms are described. It is shown that they have limited functional characteristics. To expand them, a parameterized additive-multiplicative generator is proposed for constructing the logical operators of fuzzy systems. It is proved that this generator satisfies the requirements of the necessary axioms. Examples of construction of fuzzy system operators, which are generally known, are presented. The introduction of parameterized coefficient provides the obtaining of triangular norms of a new type.
Method of features construction for remote sensing images based on the characteristics of random point fields
Authors:   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the NAS of Ukraine, Kosarevych R.Ya. , Lutsyk O.A. ,   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the NAS of Ukraine, Rusyn B.P. ,   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the NAS of Ukraine, Korniy V.V. ,   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Texture features are widely used in remote sensing image classification. In most cases they are extracted from grayscale images without taking color information into consideration. The texture descriptors, which consist of characteristics of random point fields formed for pixels of distinct intensity of grayscale and color band images are presented. The input image is divided into fragments for the elements of each of which the histogram is constructed and their local maxima are determined. Size of fragments are chosen depending on image resolution. For each of the intensity of the dynamic range of the image, a random point field, as a set of geometric centers of fragments, is formed. By the formed configuration, each field is classified as cluster, regular or random. To form a description of image elements a distribution of the number of field elements for each intensity and fragment is constructed. Separately, the vectors of the point field element for each intensity in the image fragment and the point field element for the selected intensity are formed. Experimental results demonstrate that proposed descriptors yield performance compared to other state-of-the-art texture features.
The optimization of databases replication in distributed information systems
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Tsegelyk G.G. , Krasniuk R.P. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: December 2020

New mathematical models of optimal distribution of databases replication in nodes of distributed information systems are formulated by the criteria: minimization of maintenance costs; restricted memory resources; minimizing synchronization time; minimizing the average time needed to search information. Precise solutions of the problems with the use of dynamic programming methods are constructed, Bellman recursive equations are obtained. The general scheme of the computational algorithm using the “greedy” choice procedure is presented and an algorithm for improving the obtained result is proposed. The strategies of greedy choice were investigated, the choice of criteria in the strategy of greedy choice is substantiated. The proposals have been formed regarding the formation of a balance between the accuracy and computational complexity of the algorithm through the introduction of a restricted search strategy. The computational complexity of the algorithm is estimated and its correctness is substantiated.
WHERE DID YOU COME, HOMO SAPIENS?
Authors:   Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyrylenko Ivan G.
Published: December 2020

The author reflects on the nature and causes of numerous cataclysms that have affected almost all countries in recent decades, and concludes that global crises, pandemics and catastrophes are the fault of humanity, which lives contrary to the laws of nature, dangerously disturbing the balance of the planetary ecosystem. Possible ways of overcoming the consequences of harmful man-made impact on the environment are considered. It is emphasized that the first and most important step should be a radical change in the worldview and consumption paradigm of modern man.
ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE COMMISSION OF THE NAS OF UKRAINE ON COMMUNICATIONS WITH SOCIETY AND POPULARIZATION OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY
Authors:   Kuras Institute of Political and Ethnic Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Rafalskiy Oleg O.
Published: December 2020

The report emphasizes the need to intensify work on informing the general public about the achievements of modern science, the most important results of scientific, scientific-technical and innovative activities of scientists of the NAS of Ukraine, highlighting the role of the Academy in solving important national problems, establishing effective communication mechanisms. In order to successfully solve the set tasks, it is proposed to create a commission of the NAS of Ukraine on communications with society and popularization of scientific activity.
LESYA UKRAINKA IN THE STRUGGLE AGAINST SPIRITUAL SLAVERY. ON THE PARTICIPATION OF HUMANITARIAN INSTITUTIONS OF THE NAS OF UKRAINE IN THE PREPARATION AND CELEBRATION OF THE 150TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE WRITER'S BIRTH
Authors:   Shevchenko Institute of Literature of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zhulinsky Mykola H.
Published: December 2020

The report highlights the participation of the NAS of Ukraine in preparing for the celebration at the state level of the 150th anniversary of the birth of Lesya Ukrainka — a prominent Ukrainian poet, writer, public figure, one of the central figures of modern Ukrainian literature, whose creative heritage has exceptional artistic, philosophical, spiritual and social significance not only for national but also for world culture.
DETECTION AND MONITORING OF POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS FIRES ON THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE USING THE DATA OF SATELLITE SCANNING
Authors:   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of State Emergency Service of Ukraine and National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv, Ukraine, Oreshchenko Andrii V. , Osadchyi Volodymyr I. ,   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of State Emergency Service of Ukraine and National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv, Ukraine, Savenets Mykhailo V. ,   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of State Emergency Service of Ukraine and National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv, Ukraine, Balabukh Vira O. ,   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of State Emergency Service of Ukraine and National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The study presents the classification of systems for fires detection and monitoring including forest fires according to the method of fires data collection. In Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of State Emergency Service of Ukraine and National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine are developed the methods of heat emissions geocoding from data provided by artificial satellites in order to obtain information about the geographic features in which these emissions are recorded. The original method for detecting forest and other potentially dangerous fires is also developed in the Institute. We created the cartographic and analytical system for monitoring heat emissions and detecting potentially dangerous fires that successfully passed check studies and is used in operations of State Emergency Service of Ukraine.
THE PATON MANEUVER IN THE HISTORY OF THE NAS OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Dobrov Institute for Scientific and Technological Potential and Science History Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Popovych Olexandr S.
Published: December 2020

The article highlights the specific features of the development of the NAS of Ukraine related to the activities of B.Ye. Paton after his election as president of the Academy. It is shown that the implementation of the course announced by him to strengthen the links between science and industry and accelerate the practical use of research and development results in the national economy has allowed to almost double the total funding of the Academy by attracting customers. At the same time, its structure changed dramatically: along with new scientific institutes, design and technological bureaus, research plants, powerful scientific and technological complexes and engineering centers were created. The material and technical base of scientific research has been significantly strengthened, two academy towns have been created, numerous institute buildings and large volumes of housing for the Academy's employees have been built. It is significant that all this took place in the so-called “period of stabilization of science”, when the vast majority of research centers and branches of the USSR Academy of Sciences and academies of sciences of the union republics did not have the opportunity to develop in this way. This specificity of the development of the Ukrainian Academy is due to the initiative of its president, Academician B.Ye. Paton and his perseverance in implementing this course. The article uses materials from official statistics, supplemented by the author's impressions and observations, because he observed these processes both from within, working at the NAS of Ukraine, and from outside, visiting most research centers and branches of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
Invasive Bacterial Infections in Afebrile Infants Diagnosed With Acute Otitis Media
Authors: McLaren Son H. , Cruz Andrea T. , Yen Kenneth , Lipshaw Matthew J. , Bergmann Kelly R. , Mistry Rakesh D. , Gutman Colleen K. , Ahmad Fahd A. , Pruitt Christopher M. , Thompson Graham C. , Steimle Matthew D. , Zhao Xian , Schuh Abigail M. , Thompson Amy D. , Hanson Holly R. , Ulrich Stacey L. , Meltzer James A. , Dunnick Jennifer , Schmidt Suzanne M. , Nigrovic Lise E. , Waseem Muhammad , Velasco Roberto , Ali Samina , Cullen Danielle L. , Gomez Borja , Kaplan Ron L. , Khanna Kajal , Strutt Jonathan , Aronson Paul L. , Taneja Ankita , Sheridan David C. , Chen Carol C. , Bogie Amanda L. , Wang Aijin , Dayan Peter S. ,   ON BEHALF OF THE PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH COMMITTEE
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To determine the prevalence of invasive bacterial infections (IBIs) and adverse events in afebrile infants with acute otitis media (AOM).

METHODS:

We conducted a 33-site cross-sectional study of afebrile infants ≤90 days of age with AOM seen in emergency departments from 2007 to 2017. Eligible infants were identified using emergency department diagnosis codes and confirmed by chart review. IBIs (bacteremia and meningitis) were determined by the growth of pathogenic bacteria in blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture. Adverse events were defined as substantial complications resulting from or potentially associated with AOM. We used generalized linear mixed-effects models to identify factors associated with IBI diagnostic testing, controlling for site-level clustering effect.

RESULTS:

Of 5270 infants screened, 1637 met study criteria. None of the 278 (0%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0%–1.4%) infants with blood cultures had bacteremia; 0 of 102 (0%; 95% CI: 0%–3.6%) with CSF cultures had bacterial meningitis; 2 of 645 (0.3%; 95% CI: 0.1%–1.1%) infants with 30-day follow-up had adverse events, including lymphadenitis (1) and culture-negative sepsis (1). Diagnostic testing for IBI varied across sites and by age; overall, 278 (17.0%) had blood cultures, and 102 (6.2%) had CSF cultures obtained. Compared with infants 0 to 28 days old, older infants were less likely to have blood cultures (P < .001) or CSF cultures (P < .001) obtained.

CONCLUSION:

Afebrile infants with clinician-diagnosed AOM have a low prevalence of IBIs and adverse events; therefore, outpatient management without diagnostic testing may be reasonable.
Triticale breeding improvement by the intraspecific and remote hybridization
Authors: Diordiieva I. , Riabovol Ia. , Riabovol L.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of our research was to expand the genetic diversity and to create the new winter Triticale materials with high grain quality by use of intraspecific and remote hybridization, involving them in the breeding of high-yield cultivars. Samples of winter Triticale were created by intraspecific and remote hybridization methods using multiple individual selections at Uman National University of Horticulture (Ukraine). We created the collection of winter Triticale, which includes more than 300 samples. It consists of unique recombinant forms that differ in morphobiological and economically valuable indicators. The obtained samples were divided according to the plant height into medium-stemmed (over 100 cm), low-stemmed (80–99 cm), short-stemmed (60–79 cm) and dwarf (??60 cm). The sample 68 combined high yield (6.95 t/ha) and grain quality (protein content — 12.8%, gluten — 27.8%, 1000-grain weight — 50.5 g, grain unit — 690 g/l). Sample 83 was characterized by high protein content (14.2%) and gluten (30.2%) of group I, and was up to the standard yield (6.35 t/ha). We created the cultivars of winter Triticale ‘Navarra’ and ‘Strateg’ that listed in the State Register of Plant Cultivars Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine in 2018.
Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis of Incarvillea emodi (Royle ex Lindl.) Chatterjee and Malva neglecta (Wallr.)
Authors: Huzafa M. , Jamal Z. , Ahmed A.
Published: December 2020

The present study was carried out to investigate the phytochemical profile of Incarvillea emodi and Malva neglecta. The two plants were screened for the presence of nine different classes of bioactive compounds. The qualitative tests were performed on the aerial and underground parts of the selected plants to relate the presence of phytochemicals with bioactivities of the plants. The selected plant material was extracted with three different solvents. These extracts were then subjected to phytochemical screening and the presence of various phytochemicals was confirmed by different standard confirmatory tests. Most of the phytochemicals were found to be present. Results showed that the underground parts of Incarvillea emodi contain comparatively greater number of phytochemicals than the aerial parts. Whereas, in case of Malva neglecta the aerial parts showed more positive results than the underground parts. The current study offers proof for the presence of important bioactive compounds in the studied plants and recommends isolation and characterization of these compounds in the future.
Effect of organic farming on insect diversity
Authors: Grabovska T. , Lavrov V. , Rozputnii O.
Published: December 2020

The paper focuses on the insect community as a "link" between ecosystem producers, secondary consumers and decomposers and the mobile and informative indicator of structure, biological stability and productivity. Consortium and other subsystems of agricultural ecosystems are mainly destroyed annually as a result of technological measures - chemical, mechanical, biological. External ecological factors, including the structure of the agrolandscape, in particular field protective forest shelter belts and ecotones between them, also have a certain influence. The research was conducted in organic agrolandscape (Kyiv region, Ukraine), comparing it with the conventional one. Insects were collected in winter wheat fields, ecotones and adjacent forest shelterbelts. The number of orders, families and individuals is greater under organic farming. The highest number of families and individuals was recorded in the forest shelterbelts adjacent to the organic landscape (26.3 and 111.7, respectively). The number of individuals in organic winter wheat fields was twice as large as in conventional fields and amounted to 85.3 individuals on average; the number of families was by 1.8 times larger. Biodiversity indices (Shannon, Menhinick, Margalef, Berger-Parker, and Pielou) confirm the greater diversity of insects in the organic fields of winter wheat. The Sørensen similarity coefficient was higher in the organic fields and forest shelterbelts near the conventional fields (Cs=0.7), which is explained by the largest number of phytophages in these ecosystems. The share of predators and parasites that control pests in the agricultural system was highest in organic ecotones and forest shelterbelts - 26.21% and 33.12% (against 10.24 and 18.16% in conventional, respectively).
Changes in the biochemical status of common carp juveniles (Cyprinus carpio L.) exposed to ammonium chloride and potassium phosphate
Authors: Kofonov A. , Potrokhov O. , Hrynevych N.
Published: December 2020

Biogen elements that enter the water in large quantities are one of the main pollutants in the aquatic environment. They lead both to eutrophication of the reservoir and a decrease in the viability of young fish, acting as toxin. The energy enzyme activity (lactate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase), nitrogen (glutamate dehydrogenase) metabolism, dephosphorylation processes, and immune protection (by alkaline phosphatase activity) under the long-term action of ammonium nitrogen and phosphorus phosphates was studied. The biological object of research were 30–45 day common carp juveniles (Cyprinus carpio L.). According to our results, the peculiarities of the adaptive reactions of young carp to the action of these compounds have been established. We revealed, that under the loading of ammonium nitrogen, the activity of the processes of anaerobic digestion of energy-intensive complex increases directly in the organs of neutralization and excretion of nitrogenous compounds, namely in the gills. In general, the body of the carp due to these actions reduces the total energy consumption for maximum survival in these environmental conditions. We registered, that under the influence of elevated concentrations of phosphorus phosphates, oxidation of biogen elements to the body's energy needs in the presence of oxygen was observed. The processes of immune defense and dephosphorylation, for which LPh is responsible, also the detoxification, the excretion of nitrogenous substances from the body of carp (GDG) occurred differently depending on the chemical nature of the toxin. Thus, under the influence of ammonium nitrogen there was an increase in the activity of LPh in the highest concentrations of the toxin, and the activity of GDG decreased to reduce the production of ammonia, to avoid endogenous intoxication. Through these load of potassium monophosphate, the rise in the activity of immune defense processes and the involvement of ammonia in the cycle of tricarboxylic acids due to reamination to the energy supply of the processes of counteracting the weak but chronic toxic effects of orthophosphate ion. Under the load of ammonium chloride was observed not only the use of “traditional” energy substrates - glycogen and lipids, as well as proteins, which indicates the high toxicity of this compound for the body of young carp. Through the action of orthophosphate ion, the active use of lipids and even the activation of gluconeogenesis at maximum concentrations, as a reaction to weak long-term chemical stress.
Impact of elevation and slope exposure on abundance of rare medicinal plant Rhaponticum carthamoides (Maral root)
Authors: Nekratova N.A. , Kurovskiy A.V. , Shurupova M.N.
Published: December 2020

Rhaponticun carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin is a rare medicinal plant listed in the Red List of the Russian Federation. Spatial patterns of its reserves were studied for the monitoring and protection of wild populations at the Kuznetsk Alatau. The dependence of population abundance on environmental factors was revealed by geobotanical profiles. We derived the equation of nonlinear regression for rapid method of determining the weight of subsurface parts by counting the number of shoots. To assess rapidly and monitor the natural reserves we developed a mathematical model describing the abundance of R. carthamoides and its habitat altitude.
Evaluation of acute toxicity of the "Orgasept" disinfectant
Authors: Kovalenko V.L. , Ponomarenko G.V. , Kukhtyn M.D.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the research was to study acute toxicity, irritating and sensitizing effects, biochemical and immunological parameters of animal blood after influence of "Orgasept" disinfectant, consisted from silver nanoparticles, benzalkonium chloride and lactic acid. To determine acute toxicity, 6 months old clinically healthy male rats (5 groups, six rats per each group) and female rats (5 groups, six per each group) with body weight of 180-200 g were used. We determined the average lethal dose (LD50) and the main parameters of acute toxicity after Orgasept rats administration in various dozes. We found that, at intra-gastrointestinal administration of Orgasept, the LD50 for male rats was 5000.0±43.0 mg/kg body weight and 5045.0±56.3 mg/kg for the females. We also registered that Orgasept does not have cumulative and sensitizing properties, does not show irritating effect, suppressive effect on growth and development of animals, and does not affect the hemopoiesis. We revealed that Orgasept demonstrated significant effect on nonspecific and specific factors of the organism's protection compared to the formaldehyde.
Substantiation of agroecological factors on soybean agrophytocenoses by analysis of variance of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe in Ukraine
Authors: Didur I. , Bakhmat M. , Chynchyk O.
Published: December 2020

In the article agroecological factors of competitive bioorganic varietal technology of soybean cultivation which provides development of regulations of application of a complex of alternative types of fertilizers for their cultivation in the context of short-term and long-term action and basic superstructure of factor estimation of block. As part of joint research work of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University and the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beets of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, the authors were involved in research theme "Development of methods for improving the technology of growing legumes using biofertilizers, bacterial preparations, foliar fertilizers and physiologically active substances". To establish the reliability of yield data by analysis of variance, it was determined that LSD 0.05 for factor A in 2017 was 0.09 t/ha. The largest deviations of yield indicators to control among varieties were: variety Podilska 416 +0.41 t/ha, variety Chernivtsi 9 – 0.27 t/ha and variety Agate -0.66 t/ha, which exceeded the value of LSD 0.05 for the factor A (soybean variety) by +0.32, – 0.18 and – 0.57 t/ha, respectively.
Biodiversity and phenological status of the waterbirds of the Lac des Oiseaux (Northeast of Algeria)
Authors: Boubekeur F.Z. , Setbel S. , Atoussi S.
Published: December 2020

Counts carried out over two consecutive years (from September 2017 to August 2019) of waterbirds occupying the Lac des Oiseaux (Ramsar site, wilaya of El-Tarf, extreme north-eastern Algeria) showed a species richness estimated at 38 waterbird species belonging to 11 families. The Anatidae and Scolopacidae with 10 and 7 species respectively are the most families represented. The former are mainly observed during the wintering season and the latter during the summer period. From an effective point of view, Anatidae and Rallidae, mainly the Eurasian Coot Fulica atra are the most abundant. From a phenological point of view, eleven species are summering, ten are resident and wintering and eight are sporadic species.
Agrobiological characteristics of spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Karpenko V.P. , Poltoretskyi S.P. , Liubych V.V.
Published: December 2020

Estimation of spelt wheat and the species of intermediate wheatgrass by the main agrobiological indicators (calendar dates of the beginning of the main phases of plant development, plant height dynamics, dry mass accumulation, grain yield and protein content) compared to soft wheat was done. The index of stability of grain yield formation was determined. It was found that the main phases of development in spelt wheat occurred on average 10–15 days later than in soft wheat. Plants of intermediate wheatgrass in the first year of cultivation had slower growth. The main phases of development in plants of intermediate wheatgrass of the second and third year of growth occurred almost in the same time with soft wheat. It was established that spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass were significantly superior to soft wheat in plant height. In the earing phase, the height of these plants was on average more than 100 cm, which had to be taken into account when growing these crops. It varied from 25 to 42 cm in spelt wheat and from 29 to 57 cm in intermediate wheatgrass during the stem elongation phase depending on the weather conditions of the research year. This indicator ranged from 107 to 113 cm and from 96 to 117 cm, respectively, in the earing phase, and from 137 to 168 cm and from 107 to 196 cm in the phase of milk ripeness of grain. Plants of spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass had a high stability index of the formation of dry matter and grain yield. It should be noted that intermediate wheatgrass formed a significant vegetative mass even in the earing phase. The vegetative mass in spelt wheat was formed during the earing period – full ripeness of grain. These crops (spelt wheat – 22.1 ± 0.4, intermediate wheatgrass – 22.4–24.6 ± 0.2–0.5) were significantly superior to soft wheat (12.1 ± 0.5) by the content of protein in grain, so it was recommended to involve them in the selection programs to create species with high productivity. However, spelt wheat (5.58 ± 0.13) was less and intermediate wheatgrass (0.98–1.22 ± 0.14–0.18) was the most inferior to soft wheat (8.03 ± 0.27) in terms of grain yield.
Metabolism in replacement chickens at different ratios of arginine and lysine
Authors: Ibatullin I. , Kryvenok M. , Ilchuk I.
Published: December 2020

The influence of different levels of arginine and lysine in compound feeds of replacement chickens on their growth, development and metabolism was studied. The effective ratio of arginine to lysine in the diets of replacement chickens was experimentally established, which, depending on the rearing period, was: 1.0:1 for 1-3 weeks, 1.1:1 for 4-8 weeks, 1.2:1 for 16 weeks and 1.2:1 for 17-18 weeks. It was found that the change in the ratio of arginine and lysine in poultry diets has a much higher degree of influence on their productivity, digestibility of feed nutrients, assimilation and efficiency of amino acids than changes in the levels of these amino acids. It was found that the ratio of arginine and lysine in the last period of rearing chickens (16-18 weeks) to a lesser extent affects the productivity of replacement young (R2=0.59) compared to the first (R2=0.96) and second periods of rearing (R2=0.65). The growth of replacement young during all periods of the experiment and the nature of the effect of changes in levels and ratios of these amino acids in feed depending on age and productivity, described by a mathematical model with nonlinear characteristics (polynomial trend line), which has a higher value of approximation (R2) linear dependence. The use of modern modeling methods and the proposed regression equations allow to predict the content of amino acids in feed for replacement young poultry in accordance with the program of their cultivation and amino acid composition of feed.
Study of effectiveness of lactic acid at varroatosis in the apiaries of Tyumen Region, Russia
Authors: Domatskaya T.F. , Domatsky A.N. , Domatsky A.N.
Published: December 2020

The study objective is to study the effectiveness of lactic acid in varroatosis and its impact on the development of bee colonies under conditions of the South of Tyumen region. The acaricidal effectiveness of lactic acid was studied in October 2019 using one method in two experiments in 30 broodless bee colonies kept in two apiaries, where bee colonies were divided into 2 groups (experimental - 10 colonies and control groups of 5 colonies each). For treatment of bee colonies from the experimental group, frames with bees were removed from the hives in turn, which were sprayed with a 15.0% aqueous solution of lactic acid in the volume of 5 ml on each side of the honeycomb. Bee colonies were treated twice with an interval of 5 days. The bees in the control group were not treated. Dead mites were registered on a daily basis in all groups within 5 days after each treatment, for these reasons laminated cardboard sheets were placed on the bottom of the hives, which then were taken out and the number of fallen ectoparasites was recorded. Studies on the impact of lactic acid on the development of bee colonies were conducted in 20 brood bee colonies in the period from May to July 2020. It has been found that the effectiveness of treatment of experimental bee colonies with the drug was 90.0 ± 2.1% (apiary No 1) and 7.8 ± 1.9% (apiary No 2). At the same time, the maximum death of mites in colonies was observed during the first day after treatment. In the control groups, the number of mites decreased by 10.9 ± 0.8% and 11.6 ± 1.0%, respectively. It has been established that the treatment of bees with an aqueous solution of lactic acid in the above concentration, dose and multiplicity did not have a negative impact on the development of bee colonies, their strength and food supply, and no deaths of bees and queens were detected during the observation period.
New reports of the Argentine ant Linepithema humile (Mayr, 1868) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Algeria
Authors: Slimani S. , Berrai H. , Meridji R.
Published: December 2020

The species was firstly reported in 1923 by Cagniant without précising the localization. It was only in 2015 that Barech et al., rediscovered this ant around Melbou in the locality of Bejaia (Algeria). This study is conducted within the framework of a project of PhD on myrmécologique wildlife Algeria. During our investigations across the national territory, we were able to collect specimens of the Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr, 1868). The species has been recently collected from 5 localities in the coast from Algiers to Jijel and 1 signalization has been done in the town of Tizi Gheniff (Province of Tizi Ouzou, 90 km East of Algiers).
Percusión Corporal y “Solfeo Cognitivo”. Recursos pedagógicos según el Método BAPNE.
Authors: Romero Naranjo Francisco Javier
Published: December 2020

A través del método BAPNE se propone una nueva estrategia didáctica para el aprendizaje del lenguaje musical denominada “Solfeo Cognitivo” basado en el aprendizaje vivencial, grupal e inclusivo. El estudio y análisis de una gran parte de los tratados de lenguaje musical nos llevan a un rechazo didáctico muy común, tanto por parte del alumnado que lo aprende, como del profesorado que lo imparte. Modelos didácticos obsoletos basados en recursos racionales y matemáticos les aportan una gran apatía a los alumnos en las primeras sesiones de música. En este artículo se expone una estructura secuencial didáctica articulada a través de un aula especial de neuromotricidad denominada el “Jardín del Baobab”, creada expresamente para la interiorización de los primeros pasos del aprendizaje del pulso, metro, notas musicales y entonación.
N-acetylcysteine in clinical practice – properties, use and adverse effects
Authors:   Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Nephrology and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Walczewska Sylwia , Wawrzyniak Agata ,   Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Nephrology and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
Published: December 2020

N-acetylcysteine is a simple chemical compound with antioxidant and mucolytic properties. Currently, it is the primary treatment for acetaminophen poisoning. Prior to the introduction of acetylcysteine, acetaminophen overdose was associated with high mortality due to acute liver failure. Owing to its antioxidant properties, acetylcysteine maintains appropriate levels of glutathione, thereby protecting the liver from damage by toxic metabolites of paracetamol. Acetylcysteine is also used for infections with excess respiratory secretions. The mechanism of action of cysteine derivatives involves cleavage of disulfide bonds between the macromolecules present in the mucus and, consequently, reduction of mucus viscosity. Clinical trials have shown that N-acetylcysteine also plays an important role in relieving cough by eliminating mucus from the airways. Owing to its antioxidant properties, it can also prevent contrast-induced nephropathy. It was shown that prophylactic doses of acetylcysteine administered the day before and at the day of contrast administration are effective in preventing contrastinduced nephropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease. The compound can also modulate pathophysiological processes involved in many mental and neurological disorders. There is also evidence supporting the efficacy of acetylcysteine in mental disorders such as autism, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, psychoactive substance dependence or bipolar disorder. However, in addition to its therapeutic activity, the drug may also induce adverse effects. Adverse effects of varying severity have been reported since the introduction of acetylcysteine into clinical use.
Tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in kidney disease: a biomarker or therapeutic target?
Authors:   Department of Clinical Paediatrics, University of Warmia and Mazury, Regional Specialised Children’s Hospital in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland, Nosek Hanna , Janusz Leszek ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland, Wasilewska Anna ,   Department of Paediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland, Taranta-Janusz Katarzyna ,   Department of Paediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
Published: December 2020

Kidney disease is a significant public health problem that is increasing worldwide. Tumour necrosis factor superfamily molecules have recently been shown to be actively involved in renal pathophysiology. According to current reports, one of these molecules has significant clinical implications: TWEAK, a tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis. TWEAK is a cytokine with important functions. By binding to induced fibroblast growth factor 14 (Fn14), its only receptor, TWEAK activates various biological processes, including cell growth, migration or death, angiogenesis and production of proinflammatory cytokines. TWEAK and Fn14 expression is relatively low in healthy tissues. Experimental studies have confirmed the important role of TWEAK/Fn14 pathway activation in physiological tissue repair and regeneration, while its excessive activation leads to acute and/or chronic damage. TWEAK production takes place in various inflammatory diseases of the kidneys with the participation of immune cells. In the case of inflammatory diseases characterised by increased chemokine production, TWEAK presents with apoptotic effects. In non-immune diseases, TWEAK stimulates renal tubular proliferation. The dualism of the TWEAK effect is multifactorial. TWEAK was proliferative in healthy kidneys and in a compensatory overgrowth model after nephrectomy in which inflammatory cytokine expression was low. Data obtained from experimental and clinical studies are useful for developing future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies focused on the role of TWEAK in kidney damage.
Effects of glucocorticoids on the skin
Authors:   Department of Physiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland, Otlewska Anna , Szpotowicz Grzegorz ,   Department of Normal Anatomy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland, Otlewska Agnieszka ,   Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
Published: December 2020

Glucocorticoids are widely used in the treatment of many diseases. They have multiple therapeutic applications mainly because of their anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and antiproliferative activity. Glucocorticoids are broadly used in the therapy of dermatological diseases. Various routes of glucocorticoids administration are known. In the treatment of skin disorders, glucocorticoids are often administered topically. It must be noted that glucocorticoid-induced complications may occur not only as a result of systemic treatment, but also topical application of glucocorticoids to the skin. Commonly reported cutaneous adverse effects resulting from glucocorticoid therapy include changes in facial appearance – rounded appearance of the face, redness, development of stretch marks, difficulty in wound healing, and easy bruising. It needs to be highlighted that glucocorticoids also affect metabolism, water and electrolyte balance, and bones. Therefore, in addition to dermatological disorders, they may also cause many other types of complications. As a result, a degree of caution is advised in the use of drugs of this class. In order to reduce the risk of adverse effects, glucocorticoids should be used at the smallest effective dose for the shortest possible time.