bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Legal and Institutional Measures for Safety Management of Sports Facilities: Focusing on the park golf course
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Kang Sung Lyoul
Published: December 2023

Since COVID-19, the number of sports facilities enjoyed outdoors has exploded. In particular, the number of park golf courses has increased by 45% in the last three years to 327. With the rapid growth of park golf, the side effects of this are growing together. Noise complaints frequently occur and safety accidents continue in residential areas near the Park Golf Course. And unlike golf courses that cost high costs, park golf had an advantage of its easy cost, but the convenient operation of usage fees and reservation systems is causing damage. In fact, a woman in her 20s who was taking a walk around the park golf course in Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, was bruised by a golf ball, and even though it is a public facility that costs taxes, she sometimes operates expediently by receiving fees such as subscription fees in the name of being managed by clubs or associations. In addition, there is constant noise surrounding the park golf course, such as illegal expansion. However, the government and local governments respectively overlook illegal park golf courses due to the welfare of the elderly and lack of manpower. In addition, there is a high concern about environmental pollution due to pesticides used in the process of creating and managing golf courses.
Accordingly, this study aims to provide a theoretical basis for improving the legal system to prevent safety accidents at park golf courses by analyzing the current status of park golf courses and recent accidents related to park golf, examining the related law, the Sports Facility Act, and deriving problems.
To achieve the purpose of this study, the concept of Park Golf was used to analyze related safety laws, policy data, and research reports using literature such as statistical data, literature research, and Internet search data on park golf safety accidents and operational problems. In addition, legal and institutional measures were prepared to secure the safety of the park golf course through a legal review related to the safety management of sports facilities for the safety management of the park golf course.
Based on the results of this study, it was suggested to install and operate park golf through the revision of safety-related regulations, improvement of safety inspection grade assessment manuals, and institutionalization to secure specialized institutions and personnel related to park golf, focusing on the Sports Facility Act that can be applied for safety management of park golf courses.
A study on the development of fire response simulation training evaluation system: Focusing on fire response mock training
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Kim Do Hee , Kim Seung Ho , Kim Bong Jun
Published: December 2023

This study developed a simulated fire response training evaluation system based on the Internet of Things to acquire training participants' initial response skills through realistic and practical fire response training, and continuously improve the response activities of training participants based on a quantitative and objective training evaluation system. With the goal of minimizing the scale of fire damage through rapid and accurate response in the event of an unexpected fire accident by establishing a research process for this purpose, developing a fire response training evaluation system based on the overall technical investigation required for research After the operation test, the evaluation system was installed in the test place, and fire response simulation training was conducted for 20 occupants. Prior to training, the evaluation system smartphone app was used to input the training date and time, and after explaining how to use the evaluation system device to the participants, the training was conducted and the results were analyzed.
As a result, the fire response simulation training evaluation system developed in this study can produce the behavior of fire smoke and measure the time required for each response step of training participants through the system device as a quantified value, enabling quantitative training evaluation. was derived.
Through this system development and operation experiment, 1) it is possible to implement a fire training situation similar to an actual fire situation using the fire initial response training evaluation system, and 2), it is possible to evaluate fire training quantitatively by response stage, based on the results As a result, future training feedback and continuous improvement activities are possible, and 3) training participants can learn accurate response behaviors, and evaluation can be objectively and quantitatively measured.
Sentencing and treatment of juvenile sex offenders in Australia
Authors: Blackley Riddhi , Bartels Lorana
Published: December 2023

This paper examines sentencing and treatment practices for juvenile sex offenders in Australia and the challenges of reconciling the imperatives of rehabilitation, accountability and community protection. It begins with an overview of juvenile offenders and the juvenile justice system, including the principles for sentencing young offenders. It then considers the complex lives and offending patterns of juvenile sex offenders, before providing examples of judicial reasoning in sentencing. It concludes by examining best practice in treatment for sexually abusive behaviours and innovative justice responses to juvenile sex offending, such as therapeutic treatment orders and restorative justice conferencing.
What impact do public sex offender registries have on community safety?
Authors: Napier Sarah , Dowling Christopher , Morgan Anthony , Talbot Daniel
Published: December 2023

Sexual offending has a significant impact on victims and can cause considerable angst within the community. The effective management of sex offenders in the community is of paramount importance. This paper reviews the latest empirical evidence from Australia and overseas regarding the effectiveness of public and non-public sex offender registries. Results show that while public sex offender registries may have a small general deterrent effect on first time offenders, they do not reduce recidivism. Further, despite having strong public support, they appear to have little effect on levels of fear in the community. While the evidence is limited to a small number of US studies, non-public sex offender registries do appear to reduce reoffending by assisting law enforcement. The review concludes by highlighting important considerations to help inform future decisions about the feasibility of a public register in Australia.
Preventing sexual violence against young women from African backgrounds
Authors: Chung Donna , Fisher Colleen , Zufferey Carole , Thiara Ravi
Published: December 2023

This study explored how young women from African refugee and migrant backgrounds understand and experience sexual coercion and violence. Data was gathered from young women from African backgrounds and a wide range of agencies in two Australian states, Western Australia and South Australia, to better understand the extent of their awareness of and concern about sexual coercion and assault and document how agencies respond to these issues. The paper concludes it is necessary to improve policy, practice, professional development and training to better respond to the sexual violence experienced by these young women, and raise awareness of the issue in their communities in a culturally sensitive way.
SignIt! An Android game for sign bilingual play that collects labelled sign language data
Authors: Poddar Roshni , YM Pradyumna , Jayakumar Divya Prabha , Naik Tarini , Tripathi Punyat , TP Nabeel , Yeddula Hemanth Reddy , Kumar Pratyush , Jain Mohit , Swaminathan Manohar
Published: December 2023

The Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) community constitutes over 430 million people globally, with about 70 million of them using sign language as their primary means of communication. India has around 63 million DHH individuals. The DHH community in India faces several challenges, particularly in learning sign language and English, due to delayed diagnosis, stigma, oralism, and a diversity of languages. Digital games for spoken and sign language learning have gained popularity due to their advantages over traditional language learning methods, such as enhanced engagement and socialization, driving increased research and adoption over traditional methods. Moreover, the development of robust machine learning models for sign language recognition, which could significantly improve access for signers, is currently impeded by the scarcity of labelled sign language data. To address these challenges, we collaborated with NISH, an academic institution for the DHH community and developed SignIt!, an accessible and inclusive quiz platform that facilitates the learning of English and Indian Sign Language (ISL) with a secondary goal of data collection. To assess the game's usability, we conducted a study with 20 members of the DHH community, followed by interviewing 15 participants. Overall, our participants answered 2160 quiz questions and created 210 questions. The quiz creation resulted in the collection of three hours of labelled real-world sign language data. The interviews revealed novel insights, such as a preference for playing competitively with friends, empowerment by their agency to be content creators, and early signs of learning English, sign language, and quiz content by playing and creating quizzes. We plan to open-source and release SignIt! to increase its adoption among diverse DHH communities.
Accessibility evaluation of major assistive mobile applications available for the visually impaired
Authors: Bhagat Saidarshan , Joshi Padmaja , Agarwal Avinash , Gupta Shubhanshu
Published: December 2023

People with visual impairments face numerous challenges in their daily lives, including mobility, access to information, independent living, and employment. Artificial Intelligence (AI) with Computer Vision (CV) has the potential to improve their daily lives, provide them with necessary independence, and it will also spawn new opportunities in education and employment. However, while many such AI/CV-based mobile applications are now available, these apps are still not the preferred choice amongst visually impaired persons and are generally limited to advanced users only, due to certain limitations. This study evaluates the challenges faced by visually impaired persons when using AI/CV-based mobile apps. Four popular AI/CV-based apps, namely Seeing AI, Supersense, Envision and Lookout, are assessed by blind and low-vision users. Hence these mobile applications are evaluated on a set of parameters, including generic parameters based on the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and specific parameters related to mobile app testing. The evaluation not only focused on the guidelines but also on the feedback that was gathered from these users on parameters covering the apps' accuracy, response time, reliability, accessibility, privacy, energy efficiency and usability. The paper also identifies the areas of improvement in the development and innovation of these assistive apps. This work will help developers create better accessible AI-based apps for the visually impaired.
Edge computing for critical environments: Vision and existing solutions
Authors: Ahmad Ijaz , Gentili Andrea , Singh Rupender , Ahonen Juhani , Suomalainen Jani , Horsmanheimo Seppo , Keranen Heikki , Harjula Erkki
Published: December 2023

With the increasing connectivity of critical infrastructures through wireless technologies, the importance of edge computing is increasing manyfolds. Edge computing has become an important phenomenon combining the strengths of distributed computing technologies with those of telecommunication technologies. Therefore, new technological breakthroughs are happening in the realm of edge computing for critical environments, such as the next generation underground and open-pit mining. Since the mining technologies are moving at a faster pace towards digitization leveraging connectivity technologies, edge computing plays a crucial role in bringing computing and connectivity into mines to provide latency- and security-critical services on site. In this article, we study how edge computing fulfills the needs of critical environments, focusing on mining environments, and provides important insight into future research directions.
The Influences of Institutional Theory in the Development and Operationalization of Small and Medium Enterprises in Bangladesh
Authors: Thakur Oli Ahad
Published: December 2023

The study aims to explore the influence of institutional theory in the development and operationalization of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Bangladesh. The study employed a qualitative case study method to attain the research objective. Data has been collected through semi-structured interviews from ten respondents. The study finds that various dimensions play a pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of these enterprises. Isomorphism, operating through coercive, memetic, and normative mechanisms, further underscores the complex interplay of institutional forces. Coercive isomorphism introduces challenges such as financial stringency, complex loan structures, non-banking support, and mandatory restrictions. Memetic isomorphism, rooted in community support, cultural development, and tradition, shapes the identity of SMEs, influencing their operational choices. Normative isomorphism drives struggle for industry recognition, financial independence from bank loans, and collaborative efforts within the SME ecosystem. Institutional norms, emanating from the broader institutional environment, intricately shape the behaviors and decisions of SMEs. This comprehensive analysis sheds light on the nuanced dynamics that SMEs encounter in their developmental journey in Bangladesh. Recognizing and adapting to these institutional nuances will empower SMEs to navigate challenges and leverage opportunities, fostering a more robust and sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystem in the country. The concept of legitimacy, spanning financial, loan, government support, operational, and certification aspects, emerges as a cornerstone for SMEs to establish credibility and acceptance. Understanding and navigating this multifaceted legitimacy landscape are critical for SMEs to secure the necessary resources for growth.
The Association of Weaning Outcome with Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Zafar Bushra , Haidri Fakhir Raza , Arain Nazia , Fatmi Hafiz Wahaj , Kumar Ramesh , Rahejra Suprinka
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and successful weaning from mechanical ventilation in patients who are critically ill. Methods: An observational study was conducted at the ICU of the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT) in Karachi from April 2022 to December 2022. Essential baseline features including age, gender, duration of hospital stay, and ICU admission were documented using a predetermined proforma. Throughout the spontaneous breathing trial (SBT), hemodynamic evaluation was performed and recorded. Furthermore, respiratory and echocardiography parameters during the SBT trial as well as weaning results were documented. Results: The research involved 103 participants, with the majority being male. Among the 40 individuals who had diastolic dysfunction, there was a noteworthy occurrence of weaning failure in 29 patients (72.5%) which was found to have statistical significance (p=0.004). Additionally, a significant correlation between LV diastolic dysfunction and in-hospital mortality (p=0.003) was discovered. In addition, an extended duration of mechanical ventilation exceeding five days significantly corresponded with LV diastolic dysfunction (p=0.007). Conclusion: The results of our study provide additional proof to reinforce the importance of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in predicting weaning failure from mechanical ventilation. This discovery can help medical professionals understand better how monitoring a patient's cardiac function during weaning is crucial, particularly with critically ill individuals. By recognizing the significance of LV diastolic dysfunction in this context, doctors and nurses can take proactive measures to monitor and treat any potential issues. Keywords: Weaning outcome, Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, critically ill patients
Supraventricular Tachycardia, Types and Immediate Management; Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital of South Punjab
Authors: Haq Farhan Ul , Younas Muhammad , Chaudhry Tauseef Asma , Tousif Rubina , Maqbool Baqir , Ayub Rana Umar
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine efficacy of different optimal adenosine doses in children presenting with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive case series design was undertaken at the Department of Cardiology at the Chaudhry Pervez Elahi Institute of Cardiology in Multan between June 2021 and June 2022. Both genders, age groups less than 14 years, and patients with SVT. The data collection procedure involved the use of a specialized proforma to record the findings of the study. Adenosine was quickly dispensed in escalating doses of 100, 200, and 300 μg/kg. The reaction was captured using a 12-lead ECG, and instances of pre-excitation were noted. The success of the therapy was assessed by identifying a sustained sinus rhythm for a period exceeding three minutes as a positive outcome. Results: A total of 71 participants were included in the study. Out of these, 55 (77.5%) were males. 33.8% presented with a predisposing factor. The most common predisposing factor was LRTI and diarrhea in 47 (66.2%) patients. As per our findings, out of 71 patients who were administered 100 ug per kg of adenosine for SVT, 27 (38.0%) while the remaining refractory 42 patients were administered 200 ug per kg of adenosine. Out of these 42, 26 (61.9%) reverted back to sinus rhythm i.e. 200 ug per kg dose of adenosine was effective in 61.9% cases of SVT. The remaining patients reverted back at 300 ug per kg dose of adenosine. Conclusion: A higher dose of 200 ug per kg was effective in 61.9% of cases. This indicates that a higher dose of adenosine is more effective in treating SVT in children. Additionally, the study found that LRTI and diarrhea were the most common predisposing factors for SVT in children. These findings can be useful in improving the management of SVT in children, especially when considering the optimal dose of adenosine for treatment. Keywords: Adenosine, Supraventricular tachycardia, Pediatric cardiology, Dose optimization, Predisposing factors Sinus rhythm
Hematological Profile of Neonates Born to Mother with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Presenting at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Rafique Sania , Khan Mashal , Sheikh Mehmood , Hanif Muhammad , Riaz Maira
Published: December 2023

Background: The aim of this research is to collate the hematological profile of neonates born to mothers with and without pregnancy induce hypertension. Methodology: A Case-control study was undertaken at the Department of NICU, National institute of child health, Sindh between October 2020 and March 2021. We have evaluated details and full blood count results of neonates born to mother with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) in collation with the data of control group. Results: Around of 156 neonates born to mother with gestational hypertension and 156 neonates of healthy pregnant mother were enlisted. Full blood counts showed Hemoglobin (hb) levels were significantly higher in newborns of mothers with pregnancy induced hypertension(16.3+ 0.38) than the control (14.81+ 0.04) (p=0.001). White blood cells (WBSs) were notably reduced in neonates of PIH mothers (9.02±0.64 and 15.41+ 0.8 respectively) (p=0.001). In our study Neutropenia was seen in 42% of neonates born to PIH mothers as compared to 8% in control group. Mean ANC in neonates born to mother to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (5000) was significantly lower than that of babies born to normotensive mothers (8200) in our study. The platelet count in the case group was notably reduced (138.79±4.52) when compared to the control group, which registered a count of 209.11±15.54. Conclusions: Neonates born to mothers with gestational hypertension are more vulnerable for occurrence of neutropenia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and polycythemia. Timely hematological screening assist to reduce morbidity, improve growth, development and survival of the baby. Keywords: Neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hematology, gestational hypertension, newborn.
Assessing the Preoperative Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Count Ratio's Predictive Ability for Postoperative Sepsis in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Patients
Authors: Yousuf hariq Bin , Hassan Bazgha , Ullah Shuah , Gul Laraib , Khan Bilal Masood , Hassan Asad Shahzad
Published: December 2023

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate whether neutrophil lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR) can be used to detect post- PCNL sepsis.The objective of this study was to assess the potential of neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR) in detecting post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) sepsis. Methodology: The Department of Urology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, conducted a cross-sectional study between 05-Oct-2019 to 04-April-2020. Patients of renal stone planned for PCNL, All adult patients of age 18-65 years, irrespective of gender, those with the preoperative total leukocyte count of between 4 and 12 x109 cells/L, and those patients with ASA class 1 were made to take part in the study. After involving the patients in the study, CT KUB was used to calculate stone size. Complete blood Count was done one week before PCNL and NLCR was calculated for all patients. After PCNL, patients were followed for 1 week. All the gathered information including demographic details (age, gender), preoperative findings (NLCR, Stone size, staghorn), intraoperative findings (operating time, tracts, blood transfusion) and postoperative findings (temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, total leukocyte count, blood and urine cultures) was noted on a pre-designed Proforma. Results: In this study, a total of 256 patients with a mean age of 41.17±10.18 years and a mean stone size of 29.1±6.3 mm were evaluated. The patients' mean operative time was 62.28±8.85 minutes. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.824 in the ROC analysis, with the ideal cut-off value of NLCR being 2.5. The sensitivity and specificity of NLCR in predicting sepsis after PCNL were 50.0% and 98.0%, respectively, while the positive predictive value (PPV) was 80% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 95.02%. The diagnostic accuracy was found to be 94.1%. Conclusion: The risk of sepsis following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) can be predicted with success using a cut-off value of ≥2.5 for neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR). Moreover, it is a simple, cost-effective, and noninvasive test and readily available in hospital laboratories. Keywords: neutrophil lymphocyte count ratio, sepsis, percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Millî Mücadele Döneminde Aydın
Authors: Turan Mustafa , Uzman Nasrullah
Published: December 2023

During the negotiations on the future of Anatolia at the Paris Conference, it was decided to leave the land to Greece, which had previously been agreed to be left to the Italians, despite the objections of the Italians. After the occupation of İzmir, Venizelos ordered his troops in İzmir to occupy the cities of Aydın, Manisa and Ayvalık. Turkish military power in and around Aydın was inadequate. A significant portion of the soldiers in the 57th Brigade in Aydın had deserted. Mr. Mehmet Şefik (Aker), the Commander of the Brigade, withdrew to Çine, believing that resistance would not be possible under the current circumstances. Aydın was left defenseless after the withdrawal of the Brigade to Çine. As expected, Greek forces occupied Aydın on May 27, 1919. With the initiatives of Mehmet Şefik Bey, efforts were made to establish the Kuvâ-yı Milliye in Aydın and to start the national resistance. Despite the disappointments, the Kuvâ-yı Milliye was quickly organized as Heyet-i Milliyeler. The Kuvâ-yı Milliye detachments captured Aydın on June 28th. However, upon the dispersal of the gang members participating in the operation, Aydın was again captured by the Greeks on July 3. The atrocities experienced in the first days of the occupation in Aydın continued relentlessly until it was liberated on September 7, 1922. However, national spirit increased in Aydın and in a short time, the Turks of Aydın organized themselves and formed local resistance forces. Although the gangs made great contributions to the struggle in Aydın, they became harmful in time due to their undisciplined behavior. Since it was understood that the desired success could not be achieved with them against the regular army of the enemy, it was decided to disband the gangs and have them join the regular army. Some Efes such as Demirci Mehmet Efe and Yörük Ali Efe opposed this decision and were disbanded after unsuccessful attempts at rebellion. It is seen that the people of Aydın made great contributions to the National Struggle led by Mustafa Kemal Pasha in Anatolia as well as the struggle there.
Millî Mücadele Döneminde Kütahya
Authors: Uzman Nasrullah
Published: December 2023

The Ottoman Empire signed the Armistice of Mudros on 30 October 1918 and withdrew from World War I. The 7th Article of the Armistice of Mudros enabled the Entente Powers to occupy any place that might threaten their security. Pointing to this article as a justification, the Entente powers occupied many cities including Mosul, Ayntab, Maraş, Urfa, Batumi, Iskenderun, Mersin and Adana immediately after the armistice. One of the cities occupied on the Western Front was Kütahya. Greece occupied Kütahya on 17 July 1921. The Sanjak of Kütahya consisted of Nefs-i Kütahya, Simav, Gediz, Uşak, Tavşanlı and Emet. Kütahya was an extremely important center for the National Struggle and perhaps a headquarters that would determine the fate of the war. Therefore, it was one of the cities where the National Struggle was most intense. Kütahya was a very important center for the National Struggle due to its location on the land and railway routes. In addition, a significant amount of weapons and ammunition from World War I were kept in Kütahya. During the National Struggle, Kütahya was the scene of Turkish-British and Turkish-Greek dominance struggles. Kütahya was also the scene of an internal struggle due to the rebellion of Circassian Ethem. The Greek occupation of Kütahya ended on August 30, 1922 with the victory of the Great Offensive and the Battle of the Commanderin- Chief. In this study, the occupation of Kütahya and the traces of the National Struggle in Kütahya will be evaluated from a local perspective.
Millî Mücadele Döneminde Aydın Yahudileri
Authors: Güneş Günver
Published: December 2023

Beginning on May 15, 1919, the Greek occupation wreaked havoc throughout Western Anatolia, especially in İzmir. While Aydın was one of the settlements where the advancing Greek army wreaked the most havoc, the Jewish Quarter and its inhabitants also experienced all the hardships of the Greek occupation. Many Jews from Aydın were killed, wounded, their homes, stores and shops burned, and their property plundered. In the Sanjak of Aydın, Jews lived in the districts of Aydın, Nazilli and Söke. After the Turks and Greeks, the Jews were the most populous community in the Sanjak of Aydın before the Greek occupation, with a population of 3,600. The communities in Aydın, who lived in peace before the Greek occupation, suffered a great shock with the occupation. The biggest disaster that shook the Jewish community of Aydın began with the Greek occupation of Aydın and its surroundings. The frictions between Greeks and Jews that took place before the Greek occupation continued throughout the years of the National Struggle. Even before the Greek army arrived in Aydın, Jewish stores in the city were looted by the Greek population, prominent members of the community were beaten and even killed. During the Greek occupation of Aydın, similar scenes were encountered. The house of the Catan family, who had helped the Turks, was burned down by the Greeks. Sources record that Jews also suffered great economic losses during the Greek occupation. Greek oppression and the war led to the first great wave of Jewish emigration in Aydın. Many Jewish families from Aydın sought refuge in Nazilli, Denizli, Eğridir, Antalya and the island of Rhodes. After the War of Independence, the Jewish Quarter of Aydın was completely burned down. After the fire, there was almost nothing left belonging to the Jews. The inhabitants of the Jewish Quarter of Aydın migrated via Izmir to Egypt, Rhodes, France, Argentina and Uruguay. The Jews who left Aydın and came to Argentina established a neighborhood named Aydın. The Jewish population in Aydın, which hovered around 3,000-3,600 before the war, did not remain at all at the end of the war. This study, which was prepared by utilizing archival documents, statistics, press surveys and review works, is the subject of research for the first time under this title.
Millî Mücadele Döneminde Muğla
Authors: Çelebi Mevlüt
Published: December 2023

"During the National Struggle, Muğla was occupied by the Italians on 23 July 1919. The importance of Muğla is that it is a border to the Greek occupation area. For this reason, thousands of Turks who had to migrate from the Greek occupation zone took refuge in the Menteşe Sanjak. The people of Menteşe provided great assistance in hosting these immigrants and meeting their needs. During the War of Independence, Muğla gave great support to the National Struggle movement initiated in Anatolia under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Pasha. This support has been done in several ways. First of all, all kinds of needs of Kuvȃ-yı Milliye (National Forces) units were met. Two leaders of National Forces, Demirci Mehmet Efe and Yörük Ali Efe frequently visited Muğla and met their needs from here. Muğla was the center of the Kuvȃ-yı Milliye units fighting against the Greeks in Aydın Province. The support of the people of Muğla to the National Struggle is not limited to this. Representatives of Muğla have also attended local and national congresses. Representatives of the Menteşe Sanjak also served in the last Assembly in Istanbul and the Turkish Grand National Assembly opened in Ankara. The people of Muğla also supported the National Struggle with the newspapers Menteşe and Anadolu’da İnkılȃb."
Millî Mücadele Döneminde Güney Marmara
Authors: Sofuoğlu Adnan , Bilgin Taner
Published: December 2023

"Ottoman empire and its partners were defeated in the First World War, which started in 1914 and lasted for about four years. Although the alliance partners ended the state of war by signing an agreement one by one after the war, it is seen that the Ottoman Empire could not achieve this. The reason for this is that the ambitions of the Entente states on Turkish lands have not ended. The Ottoman Empire was unjustly occupied by the Entente armies based on the provisions of the Armistice of Mondros (30 October 1918). Especially the occupation of Izmir by the Greeks revealed the feelings of the Turkish people and caused them to take action. The armed resistance of the Kuvâ-yı Milliye troops continued the reactions shown with protests and rallies to the occupations all over the country. One of the places where these resistance movements took place is the region called South Marmara. The geography defined as the Southern Marmara region, includes the cities of Bursa, Kocaeli, Balıkesir, Çanakkale, Bilecik and Yalova according to today's administrative division. When we look at the demographic structure of the region, it is seen that the region has a dense Turkish population as a result of the migrations experienced with the defeats of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans in recent years. While the Turkish population in the region made a living from agriculture, the non- Muslim population mainly made a living from trade and crafts. It is a region of high strategic importance due to its geographical location. Especially its proximity to the straits explains the desire of the Entente states to hold the region. The British, who occupied Istanbul, attached importance to the region being under their control. Similarly, the National Struggle movement wanted to dominate the region due to its demographic structure, economic and strategic importance. In this section, the aforementioned importance and characteristics of the region called South Marmara are explained."
"Büyük Millet Meclisi Döneminde Güney Marmara (23 Nisan 1920’den Kuvâ-yı Milliye’nin Kaldırılmasına Kadar)"
Authors: Sofuoğlu Adnan , Bilgin Taner
Published: December 2023

"The Entente States officially occupied Istanbul on 16 March 1919. They raided the Meclis-i Mebusan (the Ottoman Parliament) and dissolved the parliament. Some of the deputies, including important names, were exiled to Malta. Following this, Mustafa Kemal Pasha immediately started to work to establish a parliament with extraordinary powers in Ankara. Elections were also held in the cities of the Southern Marmara region and the elected deputies were sent to Ankara. On 23 April 1920, the Grand National Assembly was opened in Ankara and started its activities. Meanwhile, there were rebellion movements affecting the cities of the Southern Marmara region. These rebellions posed very important problems for the newly established parliament and government. On 22 June 1920, the Greek army crossed the Milne Line and started to occupy the Southern Marmara region. While Balıkesir and Bursa were occupied one after another, the national forces here were withdrawn in a controlled manner. A Greek division was brought to Izmit to provide support to the British troops. In the face of this situation, the forces affiliated to the National Struggle wanted to be transformed into a regular army. Within the scope of this idea, Ali Fuat (Cebesoy) Pasha, the Commander of the Western Front, was sent to Moscow as an ambassador after the failed Gediz Offensive. The Western Front was organised and Miralay İsmet (İnönü) Bey was appointed as the commander and Refet (Bele) Pasha was appointed as the commander of the Southern Front. All units of the Kuvâ-yı Milliye were organised as part of the regular army. Thereafter, the National Struggle was conducted in an effort to stop the Greek army and to remove it completely from Anatolia. In this section, the process from the opening of the Grand National Assembly to the establishment of the regular army is evaluated."
Urfa’nın İşgali ve Kurtuluşu
Authors: Can Mustafa
Published: December 2023

"After the Armistice of Mudros on 30 October 1918, the Entente Powers started largescale occupations in the Ottoman lands. In this context, Urfa was first occupied by the British on 24 March 1919. The British brought Armenians disguised as soldiers with them and tried to attract the local tribes in the region to their side. With the Syrian Agreement of 15 September 1919, the British occupation of Urfa was replaced by the French occupation on 30 October 1919. The French occupation of the city was more violent than the British occupation. From the first day they entered Urfa, the French arbitrarily interfered in the affairs of the local government. Armenian volunteers brought from various places were placed in the Armenian neighborhood and Armenian excesses were tolerated. The silence of the Istanbul Government against the occupations led to the beginning of local organization in Urfa. Following the organization, armed resistance against the French occupation started on the night of 8-9 February 1920 under the leadership of Yüzbaşı Ali Saib Bey. The French, who agreed to leave the city as a result of the fierce battles, evacuated Urfa on 11 April 1920. When they left the city and arrived at Şebeke district, a major clash took place between them and the tribal forces. As a result of this clash, the French ended their occupation of Urfa with a great loss. In this study, the occupations in Urfa after the Armistice of Mudros as well as the resistance and liberation process of the city will be discussed."
Antep Savunmasının Millî Mücadele Dönemi Ulusal ve Yerel Basındaki Yansımaları Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Üzüm İsmail Hakkı
Published: December 2023

"The national press which supported the national struggle aimed to create a public opinion against the occupations and to unite the people for a single purpose. They tried to raise awareness of the people against the occupations and to create the spirit of national struggle. In addition, they tried to carry the occupations that took place in various parts of Anatolia, the wars on the fronts, what happened in the invaded cities outside the country and they constatly declared that the occupations were completely unjustified. The events in Antep were also reported all over the country through newspapers, it was stated that the occupations were made against the innocent people, crimes against humanity were committed, and thus great support was given to the people of Antep throughout the war. In this study, the news was evaluated by taking into consideration certain national newspapers and local newspapers whose numbers were determined during the period of National Struggle. The study consists of three parts in general. The first part is considered as the end of 1918 and the year 1919, and newspaper reports about the protests and rallies against the occupations in Antep are examined. In the second part, since the war started in Antep in 1920, the conflicts in the city and its surroundings are covered. In the third part, in 1921, the struggles with the effect of hunger, ammunition supply and bad weather conditions in the city reached the final stage, the city was awarded with the title of “Veteran” and a ceasefire took place. With this ceasefire the conflicts in Antep stopped and the French captured the city. However, this situation took place in the national press with the emphasis that Antep is an indivisible part of the homeland. Antep’s heroism, its becoming a veteran and struggle were evaluated in this section."
Millî Mücadele Döneminde Sivas
Authors: Kalemli Hüseyin
Published: December 2023

"Sivas, one of the six eastern provinces called Vilayat-ı Sitte, remained as the hinterland during World War I, but suffered from the entire burden of the Caucasian Front. After the end of the World War I and the signing of the Armistice of Mudros, it became a center where national decisions were taken against the occupations of the Entente Powers in Anatolia and the imperialist policies implemented to put the Turkish nation into captivity. While the Ottoman Empire signed the Armistice of Mudros at the end of the World War I, the Entente Powers considered the six eastern provinces, including Sivas, as Armenian lands within the framework of the armistice and planned to give these provinces to Armenians. Sivas was also considered important for the Greeks in the Pontus imaginary point and protests increased in Sivas against this situation. With Mustafa Kemal Pasha’s landing in Samsun and the publication of the Amasya Circular, Sivas became an important city for the National Struggle. In the Amasya Circular, it was announced that a national congress would be convened in Sivas and after that the preparations for the congress began. After the Amasya Circular decisions, Mustafa Kemal Pasha went to Erzurum via Tokat, Sivas, Erzincan and first attended the Erzurum Congress. Afterwards, despite all attempts to prevent it, he returned to Sivas to attend the congress when the preparations for the Sivas Congress were completed. In the Sivas Congress, some changes were made on the decisions of the Erzurum Congress, where regional and national decisions were taken, and these were made valid for the whole country. The Anatolian national movement, which started in Samsun and Amasya and reached a certain stage in Erzurum, rallied in Sivas. After the Sivas Congress, Amasya talks were held between the Istanbul Government and the Anatolian National Movement. Afterwards, the Last Ottoman Parliamentary Assembly was opened in İstanbul. When Istanbul was occupied, the Turkish Grand National Assembly convened in Ankara and while the parliament was opening, deputies from Sivas were elected and sent. Although there were internal rebellions against the Ankara Government in Sivas during the National Struggle, they were suppressed. Apart from these, the military successes of the National Struggle had a serious repercussion in Sivas and many congratulatory and greeting telegrams were sent to the Assembly and also assistance was provided. This study was created with a re-evaluation based on other research works and memoirs together with the publications prepared in Sivas during the National Struggle period."
Millî Mücadele Döneminde Karaman
Authors: Yüksel Erol
Published: December 2023

"Karaman, whose historical roots date back to approximately 8,000 years ago, was established on a fertile plain on the transition route from the interior of Anatolia to the Mediterranean. The city has traces of various different civilizations such as Persia, Rome, and the Seljuk Dynasty. The importance, the foundation and many other values of the city relates directly to the establishment of the Karamanids. Karaman, which experienced its most brilliant period with the Karamanids, looked like an average Anatolian district consisting of approximately 1,300 households during the days of the Armistice of Mudros signed by the Ottoman Empire on October 30, 1918. The fact that the district was located on the Baghdad Railway Line caused the military and economic mobility that emerged with the armistice to be seen in and around the district. After the Armistice, Karaman was not directly involved in the occupation activities in Anatolia. However, it was one of the settlements where the reflections of the occupations and the activities of the occupying states were indirectly seen. At the beginning of the Armistice, the French interest in Karaman and its surroundings increased due to the fact that it was a center of grain production and storage capacity in terms of economic resources as well as military activity. Thus, the French desire to ship the grain in the region to the south caused the reaction of the military and national forces in and around the province, namely Kuvâ-yı Milliye. This caused a crisis between the central government and local administrators from time to time. The expansion of the French occupation area in the south with the armistice caused the government to take some quick and unplanned decisions. As a result of this situation, one of the biggest train disasters of the period occurred on the Karaman railway line. In addition, the effects of the Delibash Mehmet uprising were seen in Karaman and its surroundings as well as in many districts of the Konya province. In summary, the events caused by the turmoil and restructuring process that emerged in Anatolia with the armistice had repercussions on Karaman. Despite all these setbacks, Karaman was among the settlements that closely followed and supported all stages of the War of Independence from the beginning. Based on the general information above, this study aims to examine the developments in Karaman during the Armistice and the National Struggle Period, especially in the light of archival documents, copyright and research works. As a result of the sources accessed, the military activities in the province, the reflection of the uprisings in Konya on Karaman, the train disaster between Mandason-Arıkören, the issue of grain, and the contribution and support of the province to the National Struggle were revealed. The study reflects the military, economic and political outlook of an Anatolian city in the specified period."
Çapanoğlu İsyanı
Authors: Güzel Mumyakmaz Hatice
Published: December 2023

"The National Struggle took place under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Pasha, with the presence of soldiers, intellectuals and the masses of people who understood and supported the struggle. However, in a society that was tired and poor from wars and sufferd losses, “the problem of not being understood” was encountered even though Istanbul and various parts of country were under occupation. Anti-National Struggle rebellion movements could be seen in various parts of the country. The Çapanoğlu Rebellion had occurred in Yozgat with the cooperation of an influential Turkmen family, Çapanoğulları, and various gangs in the region. The inability to understand the purpose of the National Struggle, the idea of “loyalty to caliph” and the desire not to lose the influence of the family are thought to be among the reasons for the rebellion. The rebellion, at a time when the Greek forces were advancing to Anatolia, prevented the Turkish soldiers from fighting the enemy and caused the forces to be sent to the rebellion region. In the rebellion region, the people were caught between the propaganda and armed struggle of the rebels and those who supported the national movement. However, the people of Yozgat supported the National Struggle from the beginning to the end with protests and rallies, financial aid and sending soldiers. Yozgat had been looted and plundered twice with the invasion of the Çapanoğlu, especially with the arrival of the Circassian Ethem forces. After the suppression of the rebellion, Halit and some of the rebels were executed, some of them were exiled and some of them were arrested by the decision of the Court War. The negligence of the Governor of Ankara also led to a deterioration in relations between Ankara and Circassian Ethem. The Ankara Government helped those who asked for forgiveness and the families of the rebels left behind."
A content analysis of the new professional qualification standards and implications on accounting university education
Authors: Grigoroi Lilia , Grosu Veronica
Published: December 2023

The article addresses and analyses the content of qualification standards for higher education and the implications/prospect for strengthening accounting higher education to meet the needs of the sectoral labour market. In addition, it provides a process for encouraging change in accounting university curricula with reference to their content, learning outcomes, teaching, pedagogy, etc. As qualitative and quantitative research techniques, content analysis was used, through which the elements of the qualification standards were examined in order to highlight different characteristics in order to understand their essence. However, through this content analysis of the qualification standards, the aim was to determine answers to questions in which the text implies something and is not necessarily explicit. Since content analysis is methodologically approached as both a qualitative and a quantitative method, the authors use more qualitative content analysis of qualification standards, by which they answer the research questions: what are and why were new qualification standards needed? What/who were they developed for? What results were achieved by developing the qualification standards? What is to be done during the implementation period?