bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La recherche en pointillé ?
Authors: de Feraudy Tatiana , Gaboriau Antoine , Petit Guillaume , Thyrard Antonin
Published: August 2024

Cet article traite des conditions de production de la recherche dans le cadre des thèses en sciences humaines et sociales financées par Cifre (Convention industrielle de formation par la recherche). Il s’appuie sur les résultats d’une enquête par questionnaire menée en 2020 auprès de près de 400 doctorant·es et docteur·es en Cifre. On montre que les trajectoires de ces chercheur·ses, comme les conditions concrètes de réalisation de leur recherche doctorale, sont conditionnées par la disponibilité inégale de ressources matérielles et les formes d’encadrement au sein de la structure d’accueil. Bien plus qu’un « projet » individuel conçu en début de thèse, ce sont ces conditions particulières de réalisation du travail doctoral et une moindre socialisation académique qui destinent plutôt les doctorant·es en Cifre à une intégration professionnelle aux marges de l’enseignement et de la recherche.
Recent International Situation and Operations of IPhO
Authors: LEE Moohee
Published: August 2024

For recent years, the world has faced a turmoil situation such as the COVID-19 Pandemic crisis and the Russian invasion into Ukraine. This year the Israeli government has bombed the Iranian city of Isfahan, the venue of 2024 IPhO. This international situation has caused unprecedented problems in IPhO operations. These were resolved by considering various opinions and arguments from IPhO member states with the decisions that the 2020 IPhO in Lithuania would be postponed for a year and eventually converted to an online competition in 2021, while Belarus’s right to hold the 2022 IPhO would be withdrawn. Alternative competitions for canceled IPhOs were arranged and held in 2020 and 2022. In this article, the detailed process leading up to these decisions is explained.
Managing the Distress of Migrant Farmworkers: Lessons Learned From the Midwestern United States
Authors: Knežević Hočevar Duška , Cukut Krilić Sanja
Published: August 2024

In a labor-intensive sector such as agriculture, safety and health-related risks are high. They are particularly pronounced for migrant farmworkers, and various health-related programs tailored to their particular needs have been developed. Twenty semi-structured interviews with health and safety professionals and researchers working on these issues in four US federal states show that the most important issues affecting this group are insecure or undocumented legal status, poor working and living conditions, and inadequate access to support services. The importance of building “communities of migrant farmworkers” and direct engagement with this group was emphasized.
Robo-Advisors in Investment Management
Authors: Mathur Priyanka , Sharma Asha Mamraj
Published: August 2024

The chapter on robo-advisors in investment management explores the multifaceted landscape of automated investment platforms, shedding light on the hurdles and apprehensions associated with their integration into the financial industry. Delving into issues such as the absence of human touch, regulatory compliance complexities, technological risks, algorithmic challenges, market volatility considerations, and the imperative need for client education, the chapter offers a comprehensive examination of the challenges and concerns that both investors and industry participants encounter in the realm of robo-advisors. By delineating these challenges, the chapter aims to contribute to a nuanced understanding of the dynamics shaping the adoption and evolution of robo-advisory services, robust risk management strategies to navigate market uncertainties, and the essential role of client education in fostering understanding and trust.
Enhancing Consumer Engagement Through Augmented Reality
Authors: Karulkar Yashodhan , Gupta Devansh , Thapliyal Anshuman , Singh Bhavyaraj , Parihar Mahendra
Published: August 2024

It is often a matter of fascination for people to visualize the invisible, which has been enabled by technology, specifically by augmented reality (AR). The real and virtual are infused together by augmented reality. Digital data is projected on an image of anything visible through a gadget, to generate a representation of reality that is augmented. The satisfaction of customers is vital for retail sectors. It instils a sense of care and value in customers when brands keep updating themselves with such facilities, which rewards in terms of increment in loyalty and profits. This study examines the impact of perceived customization on consumers' intents to co-create value when augmented reality (AR) and some web-based businesses are used. Additionally, the authors look into how perceived risk and trust are related in this context. India-based Pepperfry is an online retailer for furniture and home décor items. For the purpose of this survey, the authors polled Pepperfry users to assess their sentiments towards purchases made through websites and augmented reality applications.
Cultural Impacts of Artificial Intelligence on Sustainable Entrepreneurship Development
Authors: Radhakrishnan Ragitha , Sivakumar P. , E. Benita , Abhilasha T. R. , Suganthi P , R. Premkumar
Published: August 2024

In this chapter, the connection between artificial intelligence (AI) and sustainable entrepreneurship is emphasized, emphasizing the need for understanding its sociological and cultural implications. It also emphasizes the significance of cultural sensitivity in AI development and adoption, mitigates biases, and fosters inclusive AI ecosystems. While AI technologies can improve efficiency, innovation, and scalability, privacy, autonomy, and job displacement concerns necessitate a balance between technological advancements and ethical considerations. Interdisciplinary collaboration between sociologists, HR professionals, entrepreneurs, and technologists to develop AI-driven sustainable entrepreneurship initiatives has been discussed in this chapter. AI's transformative potential for sustainable entrepreneurship has been connected to incorporating sociocultural insights.
Fostering Gratifying Customer Experiences Through the Art of Visual Content and Storytelling
Authors: Mehra Preeti , Kansra Pooja
Published: August 2024

The human experience is what drives everything, notwithstanding the marketing sector's ongoing transformation. Through the use of narrative and visual content, brands can create experiences that touch people's emotions, ignite their imaginations, and leave a lasting impact. Storytelling that is both emotionally engaging and immersive leaves an impression. These strategies permanently modify consumers' perceptions and feelings while also raising engagement and conversion rates. A well-written tale has the ability to inspire, empower, and transform. It might make ordinary interactions with customers delightful, encouraging a sense of loyalty and community among them. Brands who embark on this path not only enhance their marketing tactics but also contribute to a larger narrative about how companies and consumers collaborate to shape the future. The current study investigates the capacity of narrative and visual content to construct timeless and cross-cultural narratives.
Innovations in Healthcare and Biotechnology Driven by Industry 5.0
Authors: Srinivasan Vijay Anand , Annalakshmi M. , Priya C.
Published: August 2024

This chapter will analyse the technological innovations in healthcare and biotechnology that are being driven by the arrival of Industry 5.0, otherwise known as the fifth industrial revolution. It will define the components of Industry 5.0—including artificial intelligence, additive manufacturing, internet of things (IoT), big data analytics, and augmented/virtual reality—and provide examples of how these technologies are transforming medical care and biological research. Specific topics covered include precision medicine powered by genetic analysis for personalized treatments, AI-assisted robotic surgeries, ingestible sensors for smart drug delivery, 3D-printed replacement organs and tissues, telehealth for remote patient monitoring, AR/VR systems for medical training and education, automation of laboratory testing, and more. The mission is to educate readers on this healthcare paradigm shift towards data-driven, connected, intelligent, and patient-centric solutions.
Integrating Wazuh for Efficient Real-Time Threat Monitoring and Vulnerability Assessment in a SOC Environment
Authors: Hajamydeen Asif Iqbal , Hasni Muhammad Danial , Abdullah Muhammad Irsyad
Published: August 2024

As the first line of protection against cyberattacks, the SOC requires an effective system that can quickly and accurately identify threats. An excellent option for improving SOC operations is Wazuh, an open-source security platform with several features like log management, intrusion detection, and threat intelligence. This study highlights Wazuh's role in enhancing real-time threat analysis capabilities by exploring the approaches and best practices for integrating it into the current SOC architecture. The study assesses how Wazuh integration improves threat identification, incident response times, and the SOC environment's overall security posture. In-depth research on Wazuh's integration for real-time threat analysis and vulnerability assessment in a security operations center (SOC) setting is presented in this chapter. The study offers insightful advice and useful recommendations for businesses looking to use Wazuh to strengthen their SOC defences and, eventually, strengthen their cybersecurity posture against changing threats.
The Power of Technology in Industrial Revolution 5.0
Authors: Alhakimi Asmaa Mahfoud
Published: August 2024

In the age of the fifth industrial revolution (IR 5.0), technological advancements such as AI, quantum computing, biotechnology, nanotechnology, and blockchain have the potential to significantly impact various aspects of society. The rise of these technologies may lead to new industries, market disruptions, and improved business operations. However, concerns related to labor and employment, privacy and data security, ethical AI development, environmental sustainability, and the ethical use of biotechnology need to be addressed. The study highlights the transformative potential of IR 5.0 and the need for ethical considerations. Additionally, globalization and cybersecurity challenges will continue to be influenced by the rapid spread and global interconnectivity of technology. By understanding and addressing these challenges, society can adapt to and benefit from the transformative potential of IR 5.0.
Green Hotels Between Circular Economy Objectives and Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Radosavljevic Katica , Mihailovic Branko
Published: August 2024

The goal to be achieved through the implementation of the concept of sustainable development is to limit pollution. In most European Union countries, sustainable development is one of the key strategies that will be implemented in the coming years in order to achieve satisfactory economic growth and aid the stabilization process. Achieving sustainability in the Republic of Serbia requires a strategic approach that is long-term and integrates and unifies various development processes, in order for them to be as sophisticated as the challenges of development are complex. The European Union has recognized the importance of the circular economy concept and has devoted considerable attention to it in recent years. The hotel industry has direct and indirect impacts on the environment. The pollution generated by this industry has attracted attention in recent years, and consumers are becoming more aware of the importance of environmental protection. As a result, green hotels have become a new industry trend.
Navigating the Complexities of Green Human Resource Management Practices
Authors: Isbășoiu Gheorghe Dan , Volosevici Dana
Published: August 2024

This chapter critically examines the alignment of green human resource management (Green HRM) practices—specifically in recruitment, training and development, and performance management—with legal standards, focusing on privacy protection, personal data security, and anti-discrimination laws. It also explores the potential to integrate sustainability features into established workplace systems and practices, such as near miss management systems, to enhance environmental responsibility within organizations. This method is advantageous as it utilizes existing tools and procedures familiar to employees, ensuring smoother implementation while leveraging prior legal evaluations.
Fostering Green Entrepreneurship Education and the Socioeconomic Inclusion of Women in the South Caucasus Region
Authors: Hajiyeva Nargiz , Burkadze Zarina , Khalil Saida
Published: August 2024

This research investigates the challenges and opportunities for fostering green entrepreneurship among women in Azerbaijan and Georgia, post-Soviet republics grappling with transitioning economies. Employing qualitative data from interviews with nine female entrepreneurs and green policy experts, alongside legislative analysis and descriptive statistics, the study illuminates a significant gap in understanding and utilization of green economy practices among these entrepreneurs. Despite their successes, participants faced hurdles in incorporating green principles, including regulatory complexities and resource limitations. Collaboration between government, civil society, and the private sector emerges as crucial for supporting women entrepreneurs in embracing sustainability initiatives. The findings underscore the need for enhanced awareness and educational efforts to promote green practices and facilitate collaboration, thereby advancing sustainable development goals in the region.
Airline Companies in Green Transformation
Authors: Sak Fatma Selin , Karakuş Güzide
Published: August 2024

Since the damage to the environment in the production of goods and services to meet human needs has emerged as a threat to global sustainability, it becomes critical to examine and reduce the environmental impacts of each activity undertaken. While this necessity forces all sectors to green transformation, it is of great importance that the aviation sector, which has a significant impact on all aspects of sustainability, is also addressed within this framework. In line with this necessity, the aim of this study is to identify the practices that reflect the green image of airline companies within the scope of green transformation. For this purpose, the information declared on the corporate websites of four selected airline companies were compared using content analysis methodology. It is aimed that the findings obtained will contribute to all businesses operating within the scope of green transformation together with the stakeholders in the sector.
Interactive Learning Strategies in Higher Education
Authors: Railean Elena Aurel
Published: August 2024

In higher education, interactive learning strategies are a means of encouraging students to participate actively in their education, frequently with the aid of technology. Technology should assist digital pedagogy rather than the other way around. This chapter applies metasystems learning design theory to summarize the diversity of interactive learning strategies in higher education. Based on the hypothesis that interactive learning strategies result in guaranteed learning outcomes, it is clear that passive teaching techniques impact the methodology of traditional lectures and teams. Therefore, within the context of global education, this chapter critically explores 21st-century interactive learning strategies as a response to the following research question: What are the most effective interactive learning strategies in higher education? This chapter describes global trends in the implementation of interactive learning strategies in higher education, which situated current instructional-learning-assessment practices within a framework of critical deconstruction.
Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategies of Learning in Higher Education
Authors: Job Anne Liz , Muralidharan Srishti
Published: August 2024

This chapter provides a broad understanding of the areas of cognition and metacognition and their significance in higher education settings. The chapter encompasses not only the theory and the knowledge related to these thinking processes, but also provides tools in the fields of thinking for educators to implement. The chapter delves into a detailed description of cognitive strategies including elaboration, repetition, distributed practice, and the dual coding hypothesis, and metacognitive strategies, such as goal setting, metacognitive regulation and reflection. Additionally, the chapter explores frameworks such as VAK, Bloom's taxonomy and mental models, by which cognitive and metacognitive strategies can be integrated to enhance learning outcomes. The chapter also provides research evidence, proving the effectiveness of cognitive and metacognitive strategies in the context of higher education.
Green Energy Supply for Sustainable Electric Farming Mobility Charging Application
Authors: Singh Rudra Pratap , Prasad Dharmbir , Pal Sandip , Roy Ranadip , Khan Md. Irfan
Published: August 2024

India is a nation with a long history of agriculture and has spearheaded the global green revolution, increasing food supply and crop yields. The 21st century demands a change to environmental sustainability. In addition to lowering air pollution and protecting the health of farmers and rural communities, they provide silent operation, cost effectiveness, precision agriculture, and zero tailpipe emissions. India can create a more robust and environmentally friendly agricultural landscape by implementing electric tractors, so guaranteeing the sustainability of the planet and its harvests. In this chapter, the authors analyse a charging infrastructure for the agricultural tractors by using HOMER Pro software using the solar and biomass as the primary resources. This project analysis shows the payback of the investment in just 4.15 year with a ROI of 9.1% and IRR of 14.6%.
Attaining Sustainable Development Goals Through Financial Inclusion
Authors: Nandrajog Anju Bala , Kakkar Leena , Singla Lalit
Published: August 2024

In order to boost financial inclusion and accomplish the sustainable development goals, this study suggests a multi-stakeholder framework to improve the use of fintech. This chapter examines earlier studies and frameworks designed to support the adoption of fintech by stakeholders in developing countries. The Better Than Cash Alliance (TBTCA) can encourage the use of fintech by forming alliances with companies, global organizations, and other countries. By joining the alliance, nations can leverage fintech companies to develop and execute national digital payment infrastructure. Lastly, in order to support marginalized people, integrate digital financial services, boost public-private interaction, and instruct and teach policymakers, practitioners, and technologists, the mSTAR initiative suggests collaborating with USAID. These suggestions can improve financial inclusion and hasten the adoption of fintech solutions by governments.
Emerging Trends in Edge AI for Industry 4.0 and 5.0
Authors: Anusha S. , Ezhilvandan M. , Gayathri S. , Sivaraman V. , T. P. Anish , R. Siva Subramanian
Published: August 2024

In the context of Industry 4.0 and the anticipated Industry 5.0, the confluence of edge AI, machine vision, and intelligent robotics is driving the transformation of industries. Digital transformation, IoT, cyber physical systems, analytics, and AI are the major areas of discussions in this research that describes the field of edge AI technologies and its usage. The authors explore the development of edge cloud, edge computing, and analytics, clarifying their role in facilitating edge real-time processing and decision-making. In addition, the study addresses the applicability of computer vision and machine vision in industrial contexts in addition to the incorporation of drones, intelligent robots, and voice-activated edge devices. LLM and generative AI's potential for edge devices are also highlighted in the chapter, with a focus on how these technologies might improve operational effectiveness and safeguard industrial assets. In conclusion, the authors go over the significance of HMI and showcase industrial use examples that highlight the real-world applications of Edge AI in a variety of industries.
Measuring Influence Key Metrics for Successful Influencer Marketing Campaigns With Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Basheer Shakeel , Ahmad Farooq , Rafiq Rizwana , Kaur Amandeep , Kaur Mandeep
Published: August 2024

This study discusses the difficulty of measuring the success of influencer marketing, an effective strategy for attracting the attention of a specific demographic. The study's key issue is the lack of current knowledge about the most important measures used in influencer marketing. The goals of the study are to define influence, classify influencers, and establish metrics for measuring impact, audience size, response rate, and ROI. Practical advice for data collecting, analysis tools, and campaign goal design is provided, in addition to a thorough literature study and case studies of successful influencer marketing initiatives. Specifically, this chapter focuses on how marketers may use sentiment analysis to better understand how their target audiences feel about their brands and how they perceive their own products and services.
Leveraging Artificial Intelligence in Service Marketing to Enhance Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM)
Authors: Semwal Rajeev , Tripathi Nandita , Pandey Udit Kumar
Published: August 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool in shaping electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) dynamics within service marketing. This chapter explores the predicted long-term impact of AI-enhanced eWOM on the service marketing landscape and offers strategic recommendations for businesses to remain competitive. Predicted effects include hyper-personalization, enhanced customer engagement, and a shift in customer expectations towards seamless experiences. To capitalize on these trends, businesses must invest in AI capabilities, prioritize data ethics, and embrace innovation. Advanced analytics, AI-driven chatbots, and personalized recommendation engines are key tools for delivering exceptional customer experiences. Moreover, maintaining transparency, consent, and data security is crucial for building trust and regulatory compliance. By leveraging AI-enhanced eWOM, businesses can foster stronger customer relationships, increase brand loyalty, and drive long-term success in the digital era.
Future Trends
Authors: John Asha , Tyagi Pankaj Kumar , Nadda Vipin
Published: August 2024

The chapter investigates the ways in which artificial intelligence (AI) is driving innovation, improving personalization, and forecasting consumer behavior in service marketing. More personalized and engaging consumer experiences are being produced by AI technology like voice-activated systems and augmented reality. By using advanced data analytics and automation, the integration of AI into service marketing also improves efficiency and quality of service. But the broad use of AI poses serious ethical problems, especially with regard to bias and privacy. It is imperative to tackle these concerns in order to optimize the advantages of AI while upholding customer confidence. Businesses may successfully navigate the changing service marketing landscape and provide their customers with superior and reliable experiences by implementing AI-enhanced strategies and adhering to ethical norms. In order to maintain growth and competitiveness in the dynamic market, this study emphasizes the significance of striking a balance between ethical concerns and technological innovation.
Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for a Competitive Edge in Religious Tourism
Authors: N. A. Rohit , Bathla Gaurav , Sethi Kapil , Sharma Garima
Published: August 2024

Religious tourism, among the most rapidly expanding segments of global travel, showcases numerous religious destinations filled with potential to strengthen this form of tourism. For an example, India is incredibly diverse country when it comes to religious tourism, boasting a rich tapestry of religious traditions and sites that attract millions of pilgrims and tourists from around the world each year. The adoption of technology in religious tourism presents both benefits and challenges. The approach taken in this study involved qualitative research techniques for data collection, incorporating a descriptive design. The target audience was the tour guide, devotees, monks, and priest. Purposive sampling was used to choose 50 participants. A thematic evaluation was conducted by initial information collected through individual inquiries, group discussions, and field research and additional data sourced from various papers. It investigates the challenges faced by religious sites, in implementation of technological innovations like sensitivity to religious differences, preservations of sacred spaces, cultural and linguistic diversity, financial constraint, infrastructure and connectivity, resistance to change, ethical considerations, privacy, and security. Furthermore, the chapter explores the perceived benefits that technology brings to religious tourism, including enhanced visitor experiences, language translation and interpretations, improve access to information, enhance navigation and way finding, increased engagement with spiritual heritage, preservation and conservation, and economic benefits. Therefore, the tourism stakeholders should be integrated together to use potentials; solve challenges through examining opportunities for ensuring religious tourism.
Conservative Treatment of Mesenteric and Hepatic Portal Venous Gas Caused by Gut-Derived Infection After Ileostomy: A Case Report
Authors: Jiang Qiuping , Sun Pan , Xie Cuiyun , Hua Hongmei
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Hepatic portal venous gas is an extremely rare symptom of gas accumulation in the portal venous system. This disease has an acute onset, a rapid progression, and an extremely high mortality rate. This report describes a patient with mesenteric and hepatic portal venous gas caused by intestinal microbiota disturbance–induced gut-derived infection after ileostomy. The patient recovered and was discharged after conservative treatment. Nursing management of patients with mesenteric and hepatic portal venous gas is discussed.

Clinical Findings

A 76-year-old patient developed septic shock, paralytic intestinal obstruction, and mesenteric and hepatic portal venous gas after undergoing ileostomy.

Diagnosis

Mesenteric and hepatic portal venous gas was diagnosed on the basis of abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography findings.

Interventions

The treatment plan included early control of infection, early identification and nursing care of gut-derived infection caused by intestinal microbiota disturbance, early identification of paralytic intestinal obstruction, relief of intestinal obstruction and prevention of intestinal ischemia, and early nutritional support.

Outcomes

On day 18 of hospitalization, the patient was transferred to the general ward and resumed eating, producing gas, and defecating. His abdominal signs and infection indicator levels were normal. On day 27, the patient was discharged home.

Conclusion

This case provides an in-depth understanding of the care of patients with mesenteric and hepatic portal venous gas and emphasizes the important role of bedside nurses in evaluating and treating these patients. This report may help nurses care for similar patients.
Reigniting Intensive Care Unit Liberation
Authors: Guest Margaret , Craven Kevin , Tellson Alaina M. , Porter Marlene , James Nakeitha , Turley Lisa , Smitherman Jeremy
Published: August 2024

Background

The Society of Critical Care Medicine has established guidelines to manage pain, sedation, delirium, immobility, family participation, and sleep disruption in the intensive care unit, a set of interventions known as the intensive care unit liberation (ABCDEF) bundle. Adherence to these guidelines has shown positive results.

Local Problem

In the intensive care units of a level I trauma academic teaching hospital in central Texas, the rate of bedside nursing staff adherence to the ABCDEF bundle was only 67.1% in January 2022. The aim of this quality improvement project was to improve adherence to the bundle.

Methods

Knowledge gaps were found to be the driver of the low adherence rate. Two primary needs were identified: (1) education on the elements of the ABCDEF bundle and (2) increased awareness and recognition of incomplete and incorrect documentation. Interventions included focused education on intensive care unit liberation.

Results

From February to June 2022, overall adherence to the ABCDEF bundle increased from 67.1% to 95.3%, ventilator use decreased by approximately 10%, and restraint use dropped by about 9%. The incidence of delirium increased, but this increase was due to incorrect patient assessment before the interventions.

Conclusion

The results of this project are consistent with literature demonstrating that a multifaceted approach to improving ABCDEF bundle adherence can produce sustainable improvement in patient outcomes. This report may help other organizations facing similar challenges improve adherence to the bundle in a postpandemic environment.
Prevalence, knowledge and factors associated with refractive errors in grade 9 students in selected schools in the Colombo district
Authors: Thariq Thalal , Thananchayan Hamsha , Seniviratna Chamindu , Jayawardana Dushyanthi
Published: August 2024

Background:Refractive errors are preventable and is an easily treatable visual impairment that is especially common among children and adolescents and if uncorrected can lead to severe consequences. Our aim is to describe the prevalence and knowledge of refractive errors and determine the factors associated with refractive errors among grade 9 students in selected schools in Colombo district.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 120 grade 9 students sampled using a cluster sampling method from two selected schools in the Colombo district. Students completed a self-administered questionnaire. Visual acuity was measured using Snellen’s E chart at 6 meters. For those whose vision was less than or equal to 6/12, pinhole examination was performed to confirm refractive error as the cause for visual impairment. Students with spectacles were tested with and without spectacles. Data was analyzed using SPSS software.Results: Out of the students, 53.3% were females with a median age of 13. The prevalence of refractive errors was 28.3% (CI at 95%; 20.5-37.2) while the prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors was 18.3% (CI at 95%; 11.9-26.4). Overall, 94.2% were found to have a poor knowledge regarding refractive errors. Having both parents and a sibling wearing spectacles, being a resident of Colombo district and sleeping for more than 6 hours a day were found to be significantly associated with the presence of a refractive error (p<0.05)Conclusion: Prevalence of refractive errors in this study population was high. Factors associated with refractive errors could be utilized in planning preventive programme.
Relationship between physical activity levels with risk of falls and social participation among elders attending daycare centers in Colombo, Sri Lanka: A descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Rajasinghe Upendra , Dalpatadu Chamila
Published: August 2024

Background: The older adult population is rapidly increasing worldwide including in Sri Lanka. Daycare centers for older adults is a newly introduced concept for Sri Lankan community-dwelling elders which has not been studied previously.Objective: To evaluate the relationship between physical activities (PA), risk of falls (RF) and social participation (SP) among community-dwelling elders from daycare centers in Colombo, Sri Lanka.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Randomly selected sixty elders (aged 60 ≥ years) from all six registered daycare centers in Colombo. PA, RF and SP was measured using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form, Berg Balance scale (BBS) and Participation scale (P-scale) respectively. Chi-square and Spearman correlation were used for statistical analysis.Results: AMean age (+SD) was 73.23±6.02 years. Majority were women (90%). Median (Range); BBS and P-scale scores were 51 (34-56) and 8.5 (1-52) respectively. Median (Range) PA per week was 2133 (33-6426) MET-minutes. A low RF was seen among 88.3% of the population, 66.7% had a high SP and 58.3% had moderate PA levels. Increased PA levels correlated with higher BBS score and lower RF (r=0.31, p<0.05). There was no significant association between PA and SP.Conclusion: High PA levels were associated with lower RF. Further studies with larger populations are recommended. Exercises programs that improve PA and balance among elders would be beneficial. Strategies that enhance social bonding and participation of elders should be promoted within the Sri Lankan society.
The essential care required by stroke survivors and families: an ethnography study
Authors: Setia Purdani Kartika , Rungreangkulkij Somporn
Published: August 2024

From a cultural point of view, ethnographic research was needed to understand the essential care of stroke survivors and their families. Half of stroke survivors were dependent on family caregivers during neuroplasticity time, which could raise several burdens for both. This study aimed to analyze the essential care required for stroke survivors and their families. Focus ethnography design was employed with 64 participants selected purposively. The data collection methods were observation, in-depth interviews, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The techniques used were writing field notes for the content analysis, using thematic analysis to analyze data, and using COREX 32-items for reporting qualitative studies.The six themes identified were i) unclear information before discharge planning; ii)clear information from community nurses; iii) family brotherhood; iv) home visits; v) government health insurance obstacles; vi) counseling services for families. In this study, healthcare facilities with stroke services were preferred in stroke care, while optimal stroke care consisted of four main components that had to work together: health workers in health facilities, stroke survivors, family as successors of care in community settings, and the availability of health insurance facilities. In principle, the most important party in this situation was the family, including the nuclear or extended family; they could be the determinant in saving the lives of stroke survivors.
“That bastard chose me”: the use of metaphor in women’s cancer blogs
Authors: Kvaale Kaja , Synnes Oddgeir , S. Lian Olaug , Bondevik Hilde
Published: August 2024

Metaphors play a significant role in how cancer is experienced and discussed. This study delves into the utilization of metaphors by women bloggers grappling with colorectal and gynecological cancers. By focusing on cancer types less represented in mainstream media, we aim to shed light on cancer cultures associated with body areas often considered taboo. Our findings reveal that widely recognized expressions and stories about cancer, such as the metaphors of battle and narratives promoting optimism and heroism in the face of illness, are deeply ingrained. However, a notable discovery is the prevalence of personification alongside these conventional expressions. Personifying cancer endows it with human characteristics, providing an outlet for bloggers to express their fear and frustration, including articulating feelings of sadness and anger, diverging from narratives centered on heroism and positive thinking. Furthermore, our analysis reveals a significant emphasis on death, underscoring that despite advancements in treatment, bloggers still perceive cancer as highly lethal. Personification can serve both detrimental and therapeutic purposes for bloggers and for societal perceptions of cancer survivorship, both reinforcing and opposing dominant Western discourses surrounding the illness. These findings enrich our understanding of cognitive and cultural tools used to describe cancer within contemporary Western society.
An unusual cause of osteomalacia in a young lady
Authors: Karmakar Angan , Ghosh Dipendranath , Sit Hiramanik , Ghosh Parasar
Published: August 2024

Oncogenic osteomalacia is a rare entity, caused by excessive secretion of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) from the peripherally located benign tumours of mesenchymal origin. Patients usually present with chronic widespread pain and fatigue. Diagnostic approach involves demonstration of excessive urinary loss of phosphate and the high plasma level of FGF-23. Whole of PET-CT scan or whole body MRI scan are used to detect the tumour. PET/CT Ga-68 dotatate scan is required often when the other imaging modalities fail to detect the neoplasm. Here we present the case of a 32year old lady who presented to us with chronic low back pain and thorough evaluation helped us to diagnose this rare disease.
Abdominal hysterectomy due to uterine rupture causing bilateral ureterovaginal fistula: A rare case report
Authors: Jana Amitayu , Maiti Krishnendu
Published: August 2024

Ureterovaginal fistula (UVF) is defined as abnormal communication between ureter and vagina. Although documented after radical hysterectomy, post radiation and retained pessary incidence of bilateral UVF is still very rare. We have documented a case report of a multipara woman presented with persistent urinary leakage following an emergency hysterectomy for obstructed labor. After evaluation with imaging there was bilateral hydroureterophrosis with dense purulent collection mixed with contrast in the vesicular area with lower end of ureter draining in the vaginal vault with preserved renal function. During exploration both ureters were dilated. Instillation dye in both ureters showed extravasation in vagina. After ligating distal ends modified Lich-Gregoir technique done over double J (DJ) stents. DJ removed after 3 months. Bilateral UVF is only 5%–10% of all ureteric injury. Aggressive blind clamping, excessive hemorrhage, distorted anatomy, malignancy and surgeons experience play a crucial role. Obstetric cause is the prime factor. Preventing measures like proper screening of antenatal patients, early detection of high-risk pregnancy, supervised caesarean section should be taken to avoid ureteric injuries
Pelvic space-occupying lesion with lower urinary tract symptoms diagnosed as inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the prostate with a review of the literature
Authors: Shukla Shashank , Mondal Soumya , Basu Keya
Published: August 2024

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT), a rare type of soft-tissue tumor in the body in the context of the urinary system, is comparatively more common in the kidney and urinary bladder. Prostatic IMT is extremely rare. We report a rare case of a 77-year-old man who presented with lower urinary tract symptoms later diagnosed as IMT of the prostate. A brief review of the literature is discussed.
Investigation of cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Barati Mona , Teimouri Azam , Feizi Awat , Iraj Bijan , Karimifar Mozhgan
Published: August 2024

Background:

The current study aims to assess cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) among diabetic versus nondiabetic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. NAFLD is the most common hepatic disorder worldwide which is directly associated with diverse CVRFs such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS).

Materials and Methods:

The current cross-sectional population-based study has been conducted on 1031 NAFLD patients. After excluding 340 prediabetes patients, the NAFLD patients were divided into T2DM and normal blood glucose (NBG). Then, CVRFs were compared between the two groups.

Results:

Out of 691 NAFLD cases included in the study, 337 (48.8%) patients had T2DM. In the T2DM and NBG groups, the body mass index (BMI) was 31.2 ± 4.6 and 29.9 ± 4.3 kg/m2, respectively (P = 0.001). The waist circumference was 102.2 ± 10.2 and 97.6 ± 10.6 cm, respectively (P < 0.001). The systolic blood pressure was 123.3 ± 15.6 and 119.6 ± 13.6 mmHg, respectively (P = 0.043). The triglyceride levels were 191.9 ± 104.7 and 176.5 ± 89.6 mg/dL, respectively (P = 0.042). Generally, these factors were significantly higher among the diabetic patients. Besides, cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension, and MS were statistically more prevalent in NAFLD patients with T2DM (P < 0.001) than nondiabetic NAFLD patients. In multiple logistic regression models, the odds ratio of CVD, hypertension, and MS was 2.18, 2.12, and 6.63 for patients with T2DM compared with NBG, respectively. Adjustment was made for age, sex, BMI, smoking, and physical activity.

Conclusion:

CVRFs were higher in NAFLD patients with T2DM than NAFLD patients with NBG.
О локальной непрерывности по Гeльдеру минимумов для одного класса интегральных функционалов вариационного исчисления
Authors: Granuzzi Tiziano
Published: August 2024

Изучается свойство всюду непрерывности по Гeльдеру минимумов для следующего класса интегральных функционалов:
$$
\int_{\Omega}\sum_{\alpha=1}^{m}|\nabla u^{\alpha}|^{p}+G(x,u,|\nabla u^{1}|,…,|\nabla u^{m}|) dx,
$$
при некоторых общих условиях на функцию плотности $G$.
Наши предположения на функцию $G$ следующие. Пусть $\Omega$ - ограниченное открытое подмножество $\mathbb{R}^{n}$, где $n\geqslant 2$, и пусть $G \colon \Omega \times\mathbb{R}^{m}\times\mathbb{R}_{0,+}^{m}\to\mathbb{R}$ - функция Каратеодори, где $\mathbb{R}_{0,+}=[0,+\infty)$ и $\mathbb{R}_{0,+}^{m}=\mathbb{R}_{0,+}\times …\times\mathbb{R}_{0,+}$ при $m\geqslant 1$. Мы накладываем следующие условия на рост функции $G$: найдется константа $L>1$ такая, что
\begin{align*}
\sum_{\alpha=1}^{m}|\xi^{\alpha}|^{q}-\sum_{\alpha=1}^{m}|s^{\alpha}|^{q}-a(x)
&\leqslant G(x,s^{1},…,s^{m},|\xi^{1}|,…,|\xi^{m}|)

&\leqslant L[\sum_{\alpha=1}^{m}|\xi^{\alpha}|^{q}+\sum_{\alpha=1}^{m}|s^{\alpha}|^{q}+a(x) ]
\end{align*}
для $\mathcal{L}^{n}$-почти всех $x\in \Omega $, любого $s^{\alpha}\in\mathbb{R}$ и любого $\xi^{\alpha}\in\mathbb{R}$ при $\alpha=1,…,m$, $m\geqslant 1$ и для функции $a(x) \in L^{\sigma}(\Omega)$ такой, что $a(x)\geqslant 0$ для $\mathcal{L}^{n}$-почти всех $x\in \Omega$ и чисел $\sigma >{n}/{p}$, $1\leqslant q<p^2/n$ и $1<p<n$.
В приведенных предположениях мы доказываем следующий результат о регулярности. Пусть $u\in W^{1,p}(\Omega,\mathbb{R}^{m})$ - локальный минимум рассматриваемого функционала, тогда $u^{\alpha}\in C_{\mathrm{loc}}^{o,\beta_{0}}(\Omega) $ для любого $\alpha=1,…,m$ и некоторого $\beta_{0}\in (0,1) $. Регулярность минимизирующей векторнозначной функции выводится из того, что каждая ее компонента лежит в подходящем классе де Джорджи, откуда и следует непрерывность по Гeльдеру.
Экстремальные значения средних поперечных $q$-мер и двойственных к ним для асимметричных $L_p$-разностных тел
Authors: Wang Weidong , Xue Hui
Published: August 2024

Ван и Ма определили понятие асимметричного $L_p$-разностного тела. Кроме этого, они вычислили экстремальные значения объемов для асимметричных $L_p$-разностных тел и полярно двойственных к ним. Также в работе Ши и Вана были введены средние поперечные меры и двойственные средние поперечные меры. В настоящей статье вычисляются экстремальные значения средних поперечных $q$-мер и двойственных средних поперечных $q$-мер для асимметричных $L_p$-разностных тел.
Unveiling hidden outcomes in malignant gastric outlet obstruction research – insights from a "Pancreas 2000" review
Authors: Vilas-Boas Filipe , Rizzo Giacomo Emanuele Maria , De Ponthaud Charles , Robinson Stuart , Gaujoux Sebastien , Capurso Gabriele , Vanella Giuseppe , Bozkırlı Bahadır
Published: August 2024

Malignant gastric outlet obstruction (mGOO) is a major condition affecting patients with periampullary tumors, including pancreatic cancer. The current treatment options include surgical gastroenterostomy, endoscopic stenting and more recently EUS-guided gastroenterostomy. Most studies comparing the outcomes of the three procedures focus on technical success, clinical success and safety. Several “occult” outcomes relevant to the patient’s viewpoints and perspective may ultimately impact on cancer-related and overall survival, such as body mass composition, nutritional biomarkers, chemotherapy tolerance and patient-reported quality of life. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of potential key outcomes that should be explored in future comparative research around mGOO treatment options.
Effectiveness of serological markers of gastric mucosal atrophy in the gastric precancer screening and in cancer prevention
Authors: Kotelevets Sergey M , Chekh Sergey A , Chukov Sergey Z
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

New markers are needed to improve the effectiveness of serological screening for atrophic gastritis.

AIM

To develop a cost-effective method for serological screening of atrophic gastritis with a high level of sensitivity.

METHODS

Of the 169 patients with atrophic gastritis, selected by the visual endoscopic Kimura-Takemoto method, 165 showed histological mucosal atrophy using the updated Kimura-Takemoto method. All 169 patients were examined for postprandial levels of gastrin-17 (G17) and pepsinogen-1 (PG1) using GastroPanel® (Biohit Plc, Helsinki, Finland).

RESULTS

We used the histological standard of five biopsies of the gastric mucosa, in accordance with the Kimura-Takemoto classification system to assess the sensitivity of G17 in detecting gastric mucosal atrophy. We also compared the morpho-functional relationships between the detected histological degree of gastric mucosal atrophy and the serological levels of G17 and PG1, as the markers of atrophic gastritis. The sensitivity of postprandial G17 was 62.2% for serological levels of G17 (range: 0-4 pmol/L) and 100% for serological G17 (range: 0-10 pmol/L) for the detection of monofocal severe atrophic gastritis. No strong correlation was found between the levels of PG1 and degree of histological atrophy determined by the Kimura-Takemoto classification system to identify the severity of mucosal atrophy of the gastric corpus. In the presented clinical case of a 63-year-old man with multifocal atrophic gastritis, there is a pronounced positive long-term dynamics of the serological marker of atrophy - postprandial G17, after five months of rennet replacement therapy.

CONCLUSION

Serological screening of multifocal atrophic gastritis by assessment of postprandial G17 is a cost-effective method with high sensitivity. Postprandial G17 is an earlier marker of regression of atrophic gastritis than a morphological examination of a gastric biopsy in accordance with the Sydney system. Therefore, postprandial G17 is recommended for dynamic monitoring of atrophic gastritis after treatment.
Editorial
Authors: Danquah Monica Mensah
Published: August 2024

No abstract
Faculty members perceptions of open access publishing in Ghana
Authors: Buondau Albert , Danquah Monica Mensah , Dadzie Perpetua
Published: August 2024

This study sought to determine the rate of acceptance and use of open access scholarly resources by faculty members in Ghana. The study population was 443 faculty members. Using a survey design, a questionnaire was employed as the data collection instrument. Data collected were analyses using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS v20) and thematic analysis for qualitative data. Key findings were that although the faculty members showed positive attitudes towards open access publishing and had intentions to publish in open access journals and use open access content, they perceived that open access journals increase predatory journal publication, have poor impact factors, with murky peer review process. Recommendations based on study findings were thus directed towards the development of policies that promote open access publication, equipping libraries within the institutions with IT resources to develop and sustain open access journals, and increasing education on OAJs among others.