bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FDA Approval Summary: Ivosidenib for Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia with an Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-1 Mutation
Authors: Norsworthy Kelly J. , Luo Lola , Hsu Vicky , Gudi Ramadevi , Dorff Sarah E. , Przepiorka Donna , Deisseroth Albert , Shen Yuan-Li , Sheth Christopher M. , Charlab Rosane , Williams Gene M. , Goldberg Kirsten B. , Farrell Ann T. , Pazdur Richard
Published: January 2019

The FDA approved ivosidenib (Tibsovo; Agios), a small-molecule inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)1 on July 20, 2018, for treatment of adults with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) with susceptible IDH1 mutation as detected by an FDA-approved test. The efficacy of ivosidenib was established on the basis of complete remission (CR) + CR with partial hematologic recovery (CRh) rate, duration of CR + CRh, and conversion from transfusion dependence (TD) to transfusion independence (TI) in Study AG120-C-001, a single-arm trial. With median follow-up of 8.3 months for 174 adults with IDH1-mutated R/R AML treated with 500 mg ivosidenib daily, the CR + CRh rate was 33% [95% confidence interval (CI), 26–40], median duration of response was 8.2 (95% CI, 5.6–12) months, and conversion from TD to TI occurred in 37% of patients. These endpoints reflect short-term benefit in patients with an unmet medical need; long-term efficacy outcomes were not assessed. Serious adverse reactions (AR) in ≥5% of patients were differentiation syndrome (10%), leukocytosis (10%), and QT interval prolongation (7%). Common (≥20%) ARs of any grade were fatigue, leukocytosis, arthralgia, diarrhea, dyspnea, edema, nausea, mucositis, QT interval prolongation, rash, pyrexia, cough, and constipation. Assessment of long-term safety of ivosidenib is a condition of this approval.
The Remarkable Journey of a Low-Frequency Alloantibody
Authors: Bachofner Adrian , Rüfli Tanja , Holbro Andreas , Hustinx Hein , Crottet Sofia Lejon , Escedi Matyas , Buser Andreas , Infanti Laura
Published: January 2019

Herein we describe a case of febrile non-hemolytic reaction (FNHTR) in a 64-year-old male 20 min after the transfusion of one red blood cell unit. 20 days prior the patient had undergone an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) from an unrelated donor with minor ABO disparity. The patient had been treated for plasma cell myeloma with multiple transfusions in the past, but no transfusion reactions or alloimmunization had been reported.
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Local Anaesthetic Ropivacaine in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages
Authors: Wu Li , Li Lu , Wang Fang , Wu Xianwei , Zhao Xin , Xue Na
Published: January 2019

The present manuscript intended to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of ropivacaine on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Results suggested that ropivacaine causes significant inhibition of generation of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β, as well as expression of their synthesizing enzymes, inducible NO synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2. Moreover, ropivacaine causes inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases as well as nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway and apoptosis in RAW 264.7 cells. Based on the results, it has been suggested that ropivacaine showed beneficial effect against inflammation.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ЗАЩИТНЫХ НЕЙРОФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ РЕАКЦИЙ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА ПРИ ФОРМИРОВАНИИ ПРЕВЕНТИВНОЙ «ИШЕМИЧЕСКОЙ ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТИ» (ПРЕ- И ПОСТКОНДИЦИОНИРОВАНИЕ) В ЦЕЛЯХ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ И РЕАБИЛИТАЦИИ БОЛЬНЫХ С ПОСТИНСУЛЬТНЫМИ ПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИМИ РАССТРОЙСТВАМИ
Authors: Shevchenko-Bitenskyi K. V. , Bitenskyy V. S.
Published: January 2019

По данным ВОЗ, от инсульта ежегодно страдают более 1 млн человек. Чаще всего встречаются ишемические инсульты (87 %), реже – геморрагические (10 %) или инсульты с кровоизлияниями в субарахно­идальное пространство (3 %).

Феномен «ишемической толерантности» был введен K. Kitagawa в 1990 г. при описании защитного эффекта малых доз церебральных гипертермий (+35 ºС) от действия значительно более выраженных раздражителей. Впервые подобный эффект был предсказан С. П. Боткиным (1867), применен при гипоксии миокарда C. M. Murry et al. в 1986 г.; он получил название «пре- и посткондиционирование».

Цель – исследовать терапевтическую эффективность применения так называемой «ишемической толерантности» у 48 больных с различной психопатологической симптоматикой, возникающей после перенесенного инсульта.

Материал и методы. Было проведено исследование 48 больных мужчин с постинсультными психическими расстройствами в виде различной психопатологической симптоматики.

Выводы. Применение слабой краниоцеребральной гипо- и гипертермии (35 ºС–37,5 ºС) создавало в ткани мозга эффект «ишемической толерантности» и, вместе с ингаляцией ксенона и введением нейропротекторов церебролизина (10,0 мг) и вальпроата (400–800 мг), привело к практическому исчезновению постинсультной психопатологической симптоматики.
ПОРІВНЯЛЬНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА РЕЗУЛЬТАТІВ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ АДЕМЕТІОНІНУ І ЙОГО ВІДДАЛЕНИХ ЕФЕКТІВ НА ПОКАЗНИКИ КЛІТИННОГО ІМУНІТЕТУ У СПОРТСМЕНІВ ВИСОКОЇ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ МАЙСТЕРНОСТІ І У ХВОРИХ НА ХРОНІЧНИЙ ГЕПАТИТ С
Authors: Hrushko V. V.
Published: January 2019

У спортсменів високої професійної майстерності на висоті максимальних фізичних навантажень спостерігаються статистично достовірні зміни з боку клітинного імунітету, які багато в чому нагадують аналогічні зміни при хронічному гепатиті С. Прийом спортсменами адеметіоніну у відновний період приводив до нормалізації показників клітинного імунітету, які залишалися стабільними у віддалений період.

Мета дослідження – провести порівняльний аналіз субпопуляцій лімфоцитів у спортсменів високої професійної майстерності в період максимальних фізичних навантажень і у хворих на хронічний гепатит С і визначити вплив гепатопротектора адеметіоніну на показники клітинного імунітетту в обох групах.

Матеріал і методи. Було обстежено 38 практично здорових осіб, 34 спортсмени-біатлоністи високої про­фесійної майстерності на висоті максимальних фізичних навантажень і 40 хворих на хронічний гепатит С. Оцінювали показники клітинного імунітету: Т-лімфоцити (CD3+, CD19-), Т-хелпери/Т-індуктори (CD4+, CD8-), Т-супре­сори/Т-цитотоксичні клітини (CD4-, CD8+), імунорегуляторний індекс, цитотоксичні клітини (CD3+, CD56+), NK-клітини (CD3-, CD56+), В-лімфоцити (CD3-, CD19+), моноцити (CD14), загальний лейкоцитарний антиген (ЗЛА, CD45). Методи діагностики: проточна цитофлуориметрія.

Результати. Визначені показники клітинного імунітету, які змінюються у спортсменів високої професійної майстерності в період максимальних фізичних навантажень; показаний позитивний вплив адеметіоніну на нормалізацію імунного статусу спортсменів під час його прийому і у віддалений період. При хронічному гепатиті С під час прийому адеметіоніну також спостерігали нормалізацію показників клітинного імунітету, але вона була нетривалою і зникала після відміни гепатопротектора.

Висновки. Адеметіонін позитивно впливає на показники клітинного імунітету як у спортсменів високої професійної майстерності в період максимальних фізичних навантажень, так і у хворих на хронічний гепатит С, але в останніх нормалізація була нетривалою.
РАЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ ВИБІР КОМБІНАЦІЇ АНТИГІПЕРТЕНЗИВНИХ ПРЕПАРТІВ ПРИ АРТЕРІАЛЬНІЙ ГІПЕРТЕНЗІЇ З ОБЛІТЕРУЮЧИМ АТЕРОСКЛЕРОЗОМ НИЖНІХ КІНЦІВОК В АМБУЛАТОРНІЙ ПРАКТИЦІ
Authors: Babinets L. S. , Bilochitskaya V. V. , Kotsaba J. Ya.
Published: January 2019

Проведено дослідження впливу комбінації антигіпертензивних препаратів на основні показники центральної та периферійної гемодинаміки 96 хворих на артеріальну гіпертензію з атеросклеротичним ураженням периферійних артерій нижніх кінцівок.

Мета дослідження – вивчити вплив антигіпертензивних препаратів різних груп першої лінії на центральну, периферійну та внутрішньосерцеву гемодинаміку з метою вибору оптимальної комбінації цих препаратів для лікування хворих на артеріальну гіпертензію із ураженням периферійних артерій нижніх кінцівок на етапі пер­винної медичної допомоги.

Висновки. Порівняння впливу комбінацій карведилол+гідрохлортіазид, телмісартан+гідрохлортіазид і лізи­но­прил+амлодипін показало таке: 1) зазначені комбінації антигіпертензивних препаратів забезпечують стабільний і рівномірний гіпотензивний ефект протягом доби і мають коригуючий вплив на добовий профіль артеріального тиску, достовірно знижуючи середньодобовий, середньоденний і середньонічний систолічний і діастолічний артеріальний тиск, а також частоту серцевих скорочень; 2) зазначені комбінації антигіпертензивних препаратів у хворих на АГ, що поєднується із атеросклеротичними ураженнями магістральних артерій нижніх кінцівок, при гіперкінетичному або еукінетичному типі центральної гемодинаміки із превалюванням симпатичної нервової системи позитивно впливають на основні показники центральної та периферійної гемодинаміки; 3) комбінацію антигіпертензивних препаратів лізиноприл+амлодипін слід вважати найбільш вдалою для лікування хворих на артеріальну гіпертензію у поєднанні з атеросклеротичними ураженнями магістральних артерій нижніх кінцівок за впливом на досягнення цільового рівня артеріального тиску протягом 6 місяців, за сумарним впливом на парамет­ри загального і питомого периферійного судинного опору і рівень ремоделювання судин (за товщиною комплексу інтима-медіа); 4) позитивний вплив досліджених комбінацій антигіпертензивних препаратів на периферійну гемодинаміку дозволяє зменшити дозу судинорозширювальних препаратів, що застосовуються для лікування хронічної артеріальної ішемії нижніх кінцівок.
ВАРІАНТИ ПЕРЕБІГУ ХЛАМІДІЙНОЇ ІНФЕКЦІЇ У ПРАКТИЦІ ЛІКАРІВ РІЗНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЕЙ
Authors: Klymniuk S. I. , Borak V. P. , Romanyuk L. B. , Kravets N. Ya. , Borak V. T. , Tkachuk N. I. , Malyarchuk H. R. , Oliynik N. M. , Halabitska I. M.
Published: January 2019

Актуальність проблеми хламідіозів на сьогодні надзвичайно велика – у зв’язку зі значним поширенням хвороби та різноманітністю клінічних проявів. Хламідії спричиняють полісистемні та поліорганні ураження, що знаходить відображення у відповідних діагнозах. За клініко-епідеміологічними характеристиками проблема хламідіозів знаходиться у зоні професійних інтересів інфекціоністів, урологів, окулістів, акушерів-гінекологів, ревматологів. Необізнаність про них (особливо щодо атипових форм) не тільки лікарів первинної ланки обслуговування, а й фахівців інших спеціальностей, призводить до несвоєчасної діагностики та верифікації діагнозу і, відповідно, відсутності адекватного лікування.

Метою нашого дослідження було дослідити частоту виникнення атипових форм хламідіозу у пацієнтів, що звертаються до лікарів різних спеціальностей.

Матеріал і методи. Нами обстежено 17 пацієнтів із синдромом Рейтера хламідійного ґенезу, чоловіків було 15, жінок – 2, що збігається з даними літератури. Основним методом верифікації діагнозу був імуноферментний аналіз (ІФА) для виявлення специфічних IgM і G.

Результати. Хворі, що були включені у дослідження, зі скаргами зверталися до різних спеціалістів (ревматолога, інфекціоніста, уролога, гінеколога, офтальмолога і сімейного лікаря). Найчастіше було діагностовано урет­рит, дизуричні розлади, реактивний артрит, кератокон'юнктивіт, увеїт, кератит. Проте синдром Рейтера при першій консультації було встановлено лише 5 пацієнтам (29,41 %), що свідчить про низьку настороженість щодо цього захворювання і вибір помилкової тактики лікування, яка не враховує етіологічну першопричину виникнення цього синдрому. Синдром Рейтера при другому зверненні було виявлено у 7 хворих (41,78 %), а решті хворих (29,41 %) діагноз було встановлено лише після консультації із суміжними спеціалістами.

Висновки. Отже, сидром Рейтера на сьогоднішній день є поширеним захворюванням, що трапляється у практиці різних спеціалістів. Цей синдром потребує подальшого вивчення для полегшення верифікації діагнозу і вибору правильної тактики лікування, що враховує етіологічну причину розвитку даного захворювання та чутливість збудника до сучасних антибактеріальних засобів, що і буде метою наших подальших досліджень.
Articulações entre desejo e proibição no cartaz do filme Lolita
Authors: Reis Felipe Santos dos
Published: January 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma análise semiótica do cartaz de lançamento teatral do filme em Lolita em (EUA, Inglaterra, 1962), dirigido por Stanley Kubrick, a fim de descrever as inter-relações estabelecidas entre as linguagens verbal e imagética na constituição da unidade significante do texto. Adotando a perspectiva da Semiótica Discursiva, o estudo conduzido aqui parte da concepção de texto sincrético para investigar a produção de sentido por meio do percurso gerativo de sentido, no que concerne aos níveis fundamental, narrativo e discursivo. Mais especificamente, a descrição e interpretação do cartaz do filme Lolita (1962) tencionam identificar como a oposição desejo vs. proibição, que opera no nível fundamental e que organiza a construção de sentido do texto, pode ser também detectada no nível narrativo, por meio de uma descrição dos sujeitos e dos objetos nos quais os valores desses sujeitos são investidos, e, por fim, no nível discursivo, focalizando as categorias sintáticas de pessoa, tempo e espaço, a fim de examinar a forma como um sujeito da enunciação converte tais estruturas narrativas em discurso. A interpretação viabilizada pela teoria adotada aqui é capaz de explicar como o triângulo amoroso em torno do qual gira a narrativa fílmica (e também literária, a propósito) é representado em termos de quantidade de figuras e de organização de figuras e frases no suporte planar.
Marcas do fascismo nas traduções e tensionamentos da Semiosfera do Tribunal do Júri
Authors: Duvoisin Aline , Leobeth Thaís
Published: January 2019

Este artigo visa entender como certas características fascistas, pensadas a nível micropolítico, permeiam as interações que ocorrem entre os diversos integrantes do Tribunal do Júri. Para isso, descreve-se interações semióticas que constituíram a Semiosfera do Tribunal do Júri em três sessões da Vara do Tribunal do Júri da Comarca de Porto Alegre, a fim de averiguar de que maneira essas características são traduzidas e tensionadas nas relações que se estabelecem entre o núcleo e a periferia dessa semiosfera. Metodologicamente partiu-se do critério de desterritorialização, com base em Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, que resultou em uma pesquisa descritiva, conforme Cleber Cristiano Pradanov e Ernani Cesar de Freitas, cuja obtenção de dados se deu através do método observacional de Antonio Carlos Gil. A análise se baseia em conceitos da Semiótica da Cultura, principalmente através de Iúri Lotman e Irene Machado, no que diz respeito às codificações presentes em diversos âmbitos da cultura. Recorre-se também a reflexões de Umberto Eco, no que toca aos diferentes tipos de fascismo, e Roland Barthes, no que se refere aos aspectos políticos e fascistas da linguagem. Busca-se ainda – com Deleuze, Guattari e Michel Foucault – explorar as relações entre fascismo e poder. O enfoque do trabalho se direciona para uma leitura das traduções e dos tensionamentos ocorridos nos referidos julgamentos. Problematizam-se as dinâmicas estabelecidas entre os integrantes do Tribunal do Júri a partir da estruturalidade da linguagem, percebendo uma forte disputa de poder que se manifesta através das características fascistas que as permeiam. Nota-se que as ações micropolíticas contra o poder esbarram no alto grau de codificação e descrição da semiosfera, que estabelece uma fronteira praticamente intransponível entre núcleo e periferia. Isso revela que o nível micropolítico tende a reproduzir o que se estabelece macropoliticamente.
A noção de conteúdo e de expressão no percurso gerativo do sentido
Authors: Castro Carolina Mazzaron de , Portela Jean Cristtus
Published: January 2019

Este trabalho pretende propor uma discussão teórica sobre as análises do plano do conteúdo e do plano da expressão no percurso gerativo de sentido a partir dos princípios e procedimentos teórico-metodológicos propostos pela teoria da semiótica discursiva, sobretudo com os trabalhos apresentados por Lindekens, Thürlemann e Floch na perspectiva da semiótica visual ou plástica. Desde as décadas de 60 e 70, com os estudos de Lindekens, vem sendo esboçado uma metodologia de análise a partir do plano da expressão, principalmente pela busca em observar a forma e substância desse plano, tema que é retomado na década de 80 com os estudos de Thürlemann e Floch que passam a compreender o percurso gerativo de sentido por meio da correlação entre os planos da linguagem. As discussões apresentadas por esses autores apontam diferenças entre os sistemas significantes descritas no percurso gerativo de sentido; retomam os conceitos de forma e substância do conteúdo e forma e substância da expressão postulados por Hjelmslev, e motivam debates sobre a análise do plano da expressão, tema central da semiótica contemporânea.
Management of Stroke in Neonates and Children: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association
Authors: Ferriero Donna M. , Fullerton Heather J. , Bernard Timothy J. , Billinghurst Lori , Daniels Stephen R. , DeBaun Michael R. , deVeber Gabrielle , Ichord Rebecca N. , Jordan Lori C. , Massicotte Patricia , Meldau Jennifer , Roach E. Steve , Smith Edward R. ,   on behalf of the American Heart Association Stroke Council and Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing
Published: January 2019

Purpose—

Much has transpired since the last scientific statement on pediatric stroke was published 10 years ago. Although stroke has long been recognized as an adult health problem causing substantial morbidity and mortality, it is also an important cause of acquired brain injury in young patients, occurring most commonly in the neonate and throughout childhood. This scientific statement represents a synthesis of data and a consensus of the leading experts in childhood cardiovascular disease and stroke.

Methods—

Members of the writing group were appointed by the American Heart Association Stroke Council’s Scientific Statement Oversight Committee and the American Heart Association’s Manuscript Oversight Committee and were chosen to reflect the expertise of the subject matter. The writers used systematic literature reviews, references to published clinical and epidemiology studies, morbidity and mortality reports, clinical and public health guidelines, authoritative statements, personal files, and expert opinion to summarize existing evidence and to indicate gaps in current knowledge. This scientific statement is based on expert consensus considerations for clinical practice.

Results—

Annualized pediatric stroke incidence rates, including both neonatal and later childhood stroke and both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, range from 3 to 25 per 100 000 children in developed countries. Newborns have the highest risk ratio: 1 in 4000 live births. Stroke is a clinical syndrome. Delays in diagnosis are common in both perinatal and childhood stroke but for different reasons. To develop new strategies for prevention and treatment, disease processes and risk factors that lead to pediatric stroke are discussed here to aid the clinician in rapid diagnosis and treatment. The many important differences that affect the pathophysiology and treatment of childhood stroke are discussed in each section.

Conclusions—

Here we provide updates on perinatal and childhood stroke with a focus on the subtypes, including arterial ischemic, venous thrombotic, and hemorrhagic stroke, and updates in regard to areas of childhood stroke that have not received close attention such as sickle cell disease. Each section is highlighted with considerations for clinical practice, attendant controversies, and knowledge gaps. This statement provides the practicing provider with much-needed updated information in this field.
The Iowa Atmospheric Observatory: Revealing the Unique Boundary Layer Characteristics of a Wind Farm
Authors: Takle Eugene S. , Rajewski Daniel A. , Purdy Samantha L.
Published: January 2019

The Iowa Atmospheric Observatory was established to better understand the unique microclimate characteristics of a wind farm. The facility consists of a pair of 120-m towers identically instrumented to observe basic landscape–atmosphere interactions in a highly managed agricultural landscape. The towers, one within and one outside of a utility-scale low-density-array wind farm, are equipped to measure vertical profiles of temperature, wind, moisture, and pressure and can host specialized sensors for a wide range of environmental conditions. Tower measurements during the 2016 growing season demonstrate the ability to distinguish microclimate differences created by single or multiple turbines from natural conditions over homogeneous agricultural fields. Microclimate differences between the two towers are reported as contrasts in normalized wind speed, normalized turbulence intensity, potential temperature, and water vapor mixing ratio. Differences are analyzed according to conditions of no wind farm influence (i.e., no wake) versus wind farm influence (i.e., waked flow) with distance downwind from a single wind turbine or a large group of turbines. Differences are also determined for more specific atmospheric conditions according to thermal stratification. Results demonstrate agreement with most, but not all, currently available numerical flow-field simulations of large wind farm arrays and of individual turbines. In particular, the well-documented higher nighttime surface temperature in wind farms is examined in vertical profiles that confirm this effect to be a “suppression of cooling” rather than a warming process. A summary is provided of how the wind farm boundary layer differs from the natural boundary layer derived from concurrent measurements over the summer of 2016.
Diagnosing the Influence of Mesoscale Eddy Fluxes on the Deep Western Boundary Current in the 1/10° STORM/NCEP Simulation
Authors: Lüschow Veit , Storch Jin-Song von , Marotzke Jochem
Published: January 2019

Using a 0.1° ocean model, this paper establishes a consistent picture of the interaction of mesoscale eddy density fluxes with the geostrophic deep western boundary current (DWBC) in the Atlantic between 26°N and 20°S. Above the DWBC core (the level of maximum southward flow, ~2000-m depth), the eddies flatten isopycnals and hence decrease the potential energy of the mean flow, which agrees with their interpretation and parameterization in the Gent–McWilliams framework. Below the core, even though the eddy fluxes have a weaker magnitude, they systematically steepen isopycnals and thus feed potential energy to the mean flow, which contradicts common expectations. These two vertically separated eddy regimes are found through an analysis of the eddy density flux divergence in stream-following coordinates. In addition, pathways of potential energy in terms of the Lorenz energy cycle reveal this regime shift. The twofold eddy effect on density is balanced by an overturning in the plane normal to the DWBC. Its direction is clockwise (with upwelling close to the shore and downwelling further offshore) north of the equator. In agreement with the sign change in the Coriolis parameter, the overturning changes direction to anticlockwise south of the equator. Within the domain covered in this study, except in a narrow band around the equator, this scenario is robust along the DWBC.
Variability in the Deep Overflow through the Heng-Chun Ridge of the Luzon Strait
Authors: Ye Ruijie , Zhou Chun , Zhao Wei , Tian Jiwei , Yang Qingxuan , Huang Xiaodong , Zhang Zhiwei , Zhao Xiaolong
Published: January 2019

The deep water overflow at three gaps in the Heng-Chun Ridge of the Luzon Strait is investigated based on long-term continuous mooring observations. For the first time, these observations enable us to assess the detailed structure and variability in the deep water overflow directly spilling into the South China Sea (SCS). The strong bottom-intensified flows at moorings WG2 and WG3 intrude into the deep SCS with maximum along-stream velocities of 19.2 ± 9.9 and 15.2 ± 6.8 cm s−1, respectively, at approximately 50 m above the bottom. At mooring WG1, the bottom current revealed spillage into the Luzon Trough from the SCS. The volume transport estimates are 0.73 ± 0.08 Sv at WG2 and 0.45 ± 0.02 Sv at WG3, suggesting that WG2 is the main entrance for the deep water overflow crossing the Heng-Chun Ridge into the SCS. By including the long-term observational results from previous studies, the pathway of the deep water overflow through the Luzon Strait is also presented. In addition, significant intraseasonal variations with dominant time scales of approximately 26 days at WG2 and WG3 have been revealed, which tend to be enhanced in spring and may reverse the deep water overflow.
Child Neglect and the Broader Context of Child Victimization
Authors: Turner Heather A. , Vanderminden Jennifer , Finkelhor David , Hamby Sherry
Published: January 2019

Using a pooled data set of two waves of the National Surveys of Children’s Exposure to Violence, this study investigates links between indicators of socioeconomic resources and lifetime exposure to two different forms of child neglect (physical and supervisory), examines how neglect is associated with the risk of other types of victimization, and estimates the impact of neglect on trauma symptoms. Findings suggest that physical neglect is directly linked to economic stressors, while low parental education is consequential for both physical and supervisory neglect. Both types of neglect also were strongly associated with risk of other maltreatment and most other forms of victimization. Physical neglect was particularly strongly related to sexual abuse and witnessing sibling abuse, while supervisory neglect was most strongly related to risk for sexual victimization by a nonfamily adult. Although neglect is significantly associated with trauma symptoms, poly-victims had, by far, the highest levels of trauma symptoms.
Validating the demographic, political, psychological, and experimental results obtained from a new source of online survey respondents
Authors: Coppock Alexander , McClellan Oliver A.
Published: January 2019

Researchers have increasingly turned to online convenience samples as sources of survey responses that are easy and inexpensive to collect. As reliance on these sources has grown, so too have concerns about the use of convenience samples in general and Amazon’s Mechanical Turk in particular. We distinguish between “external validity” and theoretical relevance, with the latter being the more important justification for any data collection strategy. We explore an alternative source of online convenience samples, the Lucid Fulcrum Exchange, and assess its suitability for online survey experimental research. Our point of departure is the 2012 study by Berinsky, Huber, and Lenz that compares Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to US national probability samples in terms of respondent characteristics and treatment effect estimates. We replicate these same analyses using a large sample of survey responses on the Lucid platform. Our results indicate that demographic and experimental findings on Lucid track well with US national benchmarks, with the exception of experimental treatments that aim to dispel the “death panel” rumor regarding the Affordable Care Act. We conclude that subjects recruited from the Lucid platform constitute a sample that is suitable for evaluating many social scientific theories, and can serve as a drop-in replacement for many scholars currently conducting research on Mechanical Turk or other similar platforms.
A symbolic model checking approach in formal verification of distributed systems
Authors: Souri Alireza , Rahmani Amir Masoud , Navimipour Nima Jafari , Rezaei Reza
Published: January 2019

Model checking is an influential method to verify complex interactions, concurrent and distributed systems. Model checking constructs a behavioral model of the system using formal concepts such as operations, states, events and actions. The model checkers suffer some weaknesses such as state space explosion problem that has high memory consumption and time complexity. Also, automating temporal logic is the main challenge to define critical specification rules in the model checking. To improve the model checking weaknesses, this paper presents Graphical Symbolic Modeling Toolkit (GSMT) to design and verify the behavioral models of distributed systems. A behavioral modeling framework is presented to design the system behavior in the forms of Kripke structure (KS) and Labeled Transition System (LTS). The behavioral models are created and edited using a graphical user interface platform in four layers that include a design layer, a modeling layer, a logic layer and a symbolic code layer. The GSMT generates a graphical modeling diagram visually for creating behavioral models of the system. Also, the temporal logic formulas are constructed according to some functional properties automatically. The executable code is generated according to the symbolic model verifier that user can choose the original model or reduced model with respect to a recursive reduced model. Finally, the generated code is executed using the NuSMV model checker for evaluating the constructed temporal logic formulas. The code generation time for transforming the behavioral model is compared to other model checking platforms. The proposed GSMT platform has outperformed evaluation than other platforms.
Teaching communication skills to OTL-HNS residents: Multisource feedback and simulated scenarios
Authors: Beaudoin Pier-Luc , Labbé Mathilde , Fanous Amanda , Young Meredith , Rappaport Jamie , Park Yoon Soo , Manoukian John , Nguyen Lily H. P.
Published: January 2019

Background

Effective communication has been linked to a reduction in adverse events and improved patient compliance. Currently in Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery (OTL-HNS) residency programs, there is limited explicit teaching of communication skills. Our objective was to implement an educational program on communication skills for residents using multisource assessment in several simulation-based contexts throughout residency.

Methods

For three consecutive years, OTL-HNS residents were recruited to participate in a total of nine simulation-based clinical scenarios in which communication skills could be honed. This educational program was designed to provide instruction and practice of challenging ethics scenarios, with communication efficacy as a secondary goal. To facilitate this goal, a multisource assessment was paired with a debriefing process that involved attending staff, observing and participating residents, standardized patients, and invited content experts.

Results

Seventeen residents completed the curriculum for at least two consecutive years from 2009 to 2011. The internal-consistency reliability of the scenarios ranged from 0.88 to 0.96. The intraclass correlation was 0.19, as expected in this context. There was no statistical difference in the mean ratings of performance across post-graduate year (PGY) level ( p = 0.201). Results from the random-intercept regression indicated that, on average, a learner's mean rating at baseline was 3.6/5 and increased significantly by 0.25 points per year ( p < 0.05) as assessed by OTL-HNS staff members and peers. No significant improvement across time was found for ratings by non-medical assessors.

Conclusion

Implementing an educational program focused on communication skills using a multisource assessment in various contexts has shown to be potentially effective at our institution, and resulted for yearly improvement and consolidation of performance of OTL-HNS residents as judged by faculty and residents. The inclusion of a multisource assessment in the simulation curriculum is key to allow for the representation of different perspectives on communication skills, for both the assessment and the debriefing process. Future studies are needed to explore the possibility of fully integrating this educational program into residence training in order to support deliberate communication skills teaching.
Collective Choice in Dynamic Public Good Provision
Authors: Bowen T. Renee , Georgiadis George , Lambert Nicolas S.
Published: January 2019

Two heterogeneous agents contribute over time to a joint project and collectively decide its scale. A larger scale requires greater cumulative effort and delivers higher benefits upon completion. We show that the efficient agent prefers a smaller scale, and preferences are time-inconsistent: as the project progresses, the efficient (inefficient) agent’s preferred scale shrinks (expands). We characterize the equilibrium outcomes under dictatorship and unanimity, with and without commitment. We find that an agent’s degree of efficiency is a key determinant of control over the project scale. From a welfare perspective, it may be desirable to allocate decision rights to the inefficient agent. (JEL C73, D71, H43)
Análise da mastigação e da saciedade em escolares
Authors: Santos Bruna Vieira , Almeida Martha Elisa Ferreira de
Published: January 2019

Introdução: a obesidade é um problema de saúde pública que está associada ao processo de ingestão dos alimentos. Objetivo: avaliar a mastigação e a saciedade das crianças de uma Escola Estadual. Métodos: avaliaram-se as crianças quanto à mastigação e à saciedade, mediante o consumo de maçã e biscoito com iogurte. Utilizou-se uma Escala Visual Analógica para avaliar a saciedade. Aplicou-se o Teste de Wilcoxon para avaliar, no mesmo sexo, o tempo de ingestão, a quantidade consumida e a saciedade; e o Teste de Mann Whitney para comparar entre os diferentes sexos e a mesma classificação do estado nutricional, sendo que ambos foram analisados a 5% de significância. Resultados: participaram do estudo 25 crianças eutróficas e 25 com excesso de peso. As meninas com excesso de peso consumiram a maçã em menor tempo (p<0,05). Ao comparar as crianças de diferentes sexos e a mesma classificação do estado nutricional, os meninos apresentaram um menor tempo de consumo para ambos os alimentos, e aqueles com excesso de peso ingeriram uma maior quantidade (p<0,05). Não houve diferença estatística nos sexos, nos valores da Escala Visual Analógica para os alimentos avaliados, aos quais os meninos com excesso de peso atribuíram-se menores notas (p<0,05), quando se compararam os diferentes sexos e a mesma classificação do estado nutricional. Conclusão: as crianças com excesso de peso consumiram, em menor tempo, uma maior quantidade de alimentos, havendo uma menor saciedade. É importante a realizaçã
A importância do aconselhamento no exame rápido de HIV em gestantes durante o pré-natal
Authors: Previati Sabrina Monique , Vieira Daniel Malingre , Barbieri Marcia
Published: January 2019

Introdução: o aumento do número de casos de gestantes infectadas com o HIV é preocupante, entre as estratégias fomentadas para redução da transmissão vertical o aconselhamento pré-teste rápido de HIV apresenta-se como importante medida preventiva. Objetivo: Demonstrar, por meio de revisão da literatura, a importância do aconselhamento no teste rápido de HIV em gestantes. Método: estudo descritivo com pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica realizado por meio de artigos e publicações científicas encontradas nas bases de dados SCIELO, LILACS, CAPES e PUBMED com abrangência temporal de 2004 a 2018, utilizando-se os seguintes descritores: HIV, Aconselhamento, Teste rápido, Gestantes, Pré-Natal, em português e inglês. Resultados: obtiveram-se 18 artigos relacionados ao tema, utilizados após criteriosa seleção em revisão bibliográfica integrativa que foram utilizados como base teórica para a discussão acerca do tema do trabalho. Conclusão: observou-se que, além da necessidade em agilizar o diagnóstico, deve-se também fornecer as orientações necessárias pré e pós teste das gestantes atendidas para que o atendimento as esclareça de modo a priorizar medidas profiláticas na prevenção da doença e, no caso de positividade do resultado do exame, reduzir a transmissão vertical e estimular o seguimento do tratamento da condição patológica, além de estabelecer vínculos com o paciente visando à promoção de seu autocuidado.
Contribuições da análise espacial para a compreensão da dinâmica de transmissão da dengue: revisão integrativa
Authors: Skalinski Lacita Menezes , Costa Maria da Conceição Nascimento , Teixeira Maria da Glória Lima
Published: January 2019

Introdução: a análise espacial tem sido utilizada pela vigilância epidemiológica como estratégia para identificação de espaços urbanos sob maior risco de doenças. Nesse contexto, as ferramentas da informática em saúde podem auxiliar para a compreensão dos fenômenos envolvidos na difusão da dengue nos espaços de aglomeração populacional, elucidando questões relativas aos movimentos espaciais de sua ocorrência e subsidiando o delineamento de programas de combate a seu principal vetor. Objetivo: sintetizar e discutir as informações mais relevantes produzidas pelos estudos de análise espacial de dengue, as quais vêm contribuindo para ampliar o entendimento de sua dinâmica de transmissão, no propósito da aplicação na prática da vigilância epidemiológica. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada com publicações de 1945 a 2017, na Web of Science sobre dengue, com uso dos descritores e operadores “Spatial Analysis” AND “Dengue” AND “Urban Area”. Resultados: foram selecionados 35 artigos. O perfil das produções permitiu a identificação de sete assuntos mais abordados: mobilidade urbana, densidade populacional, fatores sociodemográficos, disponibilidade de água, temperatura, vegetação e urbanização. Considerações finais: a análise espacial, por meio dos Sistemas de Informação Geográfica, é uma ferramenta muito útil para o estudo das dinâmicas de transmissão da dengue, pois possibilita o conhecimento de áreas, períodos e fatores sociais e ambientais de maior risco, a fim de produzir alertas para os serviços de saúde
Disseminated cutaneous larva migrans in a 7-year-old patient
Authors: Lopes Vitor Valente , Farias Luis Arthur Brasil Gadelha , Rodrigues Nina Brunet Saraiva , De Moraes Andréa Pinheiro , Leite Robério Dias , Ferreira Gláucia Maria Lima
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Cutaneous larva migrans is a cutaneous infestation caused by zoonotic nematode larvae commonly due to hookworms such as the Ancylostoma braziliense. Case report: Herein we report a case of a 7-year-old child to the Emergency Department complaining of erythematous papular itching lesions on his right elbow, wrist and knee. He had no previous history of contact with sand or animals. The lesions in his right elbow presented impetiginization. Ivermectin 200mcg/kg/day treatment was initiated and oxacillin associated. On the third day of treatment, the patient was discharged with complete resolution of the lesions. Coclusion: The reported case assumes importance because it is a common and benign disease, but due to an unusual presentation was not diagnosed early. The disseminated form commonly may require hospitalization and prolonged treatment as presented
Enfermagem no contexto familiar na prevenção de anomalias congênitas: revisão integrativa
Authors: Brito Ana Paula Moreira , Ribeiro Kaiomakx Renato Assunção , Paula Duarte Valéria Garcia de , Abreu Edivalda Pereira de
Published: January 2019

Introdução: a anomalia congênita é uma malformação na estrutura ou função que estão presentes no nascimento e durante o pré-natal. Estima-se que, todos os anos, 303.000 recém-nascidos morrem nas primeiras 4 semanas de nascimento devido a anomalias congênitas. Objetivo: discutir sobre a enfermagem no contexto familiar na prevenção de anomalias congênitas. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura com busca de artigos nas bases de dados Medline, Lilacs, Scielo. Foram incluídos artigos disponíveis na íntegra, online, e gratuitos, publicados entre 2006 a 2017. Artigos de revisão foram desconsiderados, e artigos duplicados foram considerados apenas uma vez. Resultados: a busca inicial resultou em 405 estudos, dos quais 18 foram incluídos nesta revisão. Os artigos selecionados abordam o tema anomalias congênitas com foco no rastreamento e na prevenção. Os achados referiram intervenções de enfermagem a gestante e a família como: consulta de enfermagem, planejamento familiar, educação em saúde a família e a comunidade, acompanhamento por equipe multidisciplinar bem como orientações quanto à suplementação com ácido fólico, exposições a fatores internos e externos, a vacinação preventiva e ao rastreamento genético entre outros. Conclusão: o pré-natal e o planejamento familiar são de suma importância à prevenção e ao rastreamento de anomalias congênitas. A enfermagem pode contribuir com o aconselhamento genético, consultas de enfermagem e apoio emocional e visitas domiciliares no momento do diagnóstico de anomalia congênita e durante a adaptação da família nesse novo contexto. Para isso, a capacitação profissional é indispensável.
Análise qualitativa dos sentimentos e conhecimentos acerca da gestação e do HIV em gestantes soropositivas e soronegativas
Authors: Hernandes Cristiane Pimentel , Da Rocha Rafaela Kuczynski , Hausmann Andrey , Appelt Jhenifer Bibiana , Marques Cassiano de Mattos
Published: January 2019

Introdução: com a ocorrência da chamada feminização do HIV, tornou-se comum mulheres descobrirem a infecção pelo vírus do HIV no pré-natal em virtude do rastreamento. Entender como tal grupo de gestantes lida com o processo de gestação e de maternidade em relação a grupos de outros fatores de risco é pertinente. Objetivo: realizar uma análise epidemiológica, da percepção e expectativa das gestantes portadoras do HIV em relação ao filho, de questões relacionadas ao autocuidado antes e durante a gestação, comparando com gestantes que apresentam gestação de alto risco, mas soronegativas. Método: foi realizado um estudo qualitativo que entrevistou aleatoriamente 22 gestantes, 10 soropositivas e 12 soronegativas e questionou sobre suas perspectivas em relação à gestação; além da avalição do perfil epidemiológico dessa população. Resultados: as gestantes apresentam um perfil epidemiológico similar ao âmbito nacional. Ambos os grupos apresentam sentimentos comuns em relação ao processo gestacional, parto, e conhecimento sobre transmissão vertical. Entretanto, gestantes soropositivas passam por algumas dificuldades, tanto emocionais, quanto sociais, e preocupações diferentes de gestantes soronegativas. O fato de estar presente a infecção pelo vírus do HIV, durante a gestação, trouxe uma série de temores, como a da transmissão vertical, malformações, julgamento social de estar perpetuando a doença, além da impossibilidade de amamentar. Em contraponto, foi possível perceber que todos esses conflitos que, em um primeiro momento, são desesperadores, podem se tornar motivos de superação, de maior cuidado com a saúde e maior planejamento, se as mães infectadas pelo vírus do HIV tiverem o acompanhamento correto. Conclusão: é essencial a existência de uma equipe multidisciplinar preparada para lidar com os conflitos das gestantes, além de educá-las quanto às formas de transmissão vertical. Em especial no grupo soropositivo, o apoio psicológico quanto ao medo de transmissão vertical e ao processo de confrontar o fato de não poder amamentar faz necessário, pois isso estabelece uma confiança mútua, tanto da paciente em relação a equipe de saúde, quanto da equipe em relação à paciente, algo que é central para a saúde da mãe e do bebê.
Anxiety and depression in pregnancy: a comparative study between early and late adolescents
Authors: Pereira Alanna Batalha , Mendonça Silva Flor de Maria Araujo , Figueredo Eduardo Durans
Published: January 2019

Objective: To study anxiety and depression in pregnant adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study in which the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to evaluate the level of anxiety and depression among patients. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), which aims to measure the presence and severity of depression was also applied. 87 pregnant adolescents attended at a prenatal outpatient clinic of a public hospital participated in the study. They were divided into two groups: precocious adolescents (12 to 14 years of age) and late adolescents (15 to 19 years of age). The difference between the means was analyzed using the Student’s t test. A value of p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: In relation to depression, the mean BDI score among the 23 precocious adolescents was 24.5, whereas among the 64 late adolescents, the same score presented a mean of 15.7 (p<0.001). According to the HADS, the precocious pregnant adolescents obtained an average of 8.9 (possible depression), whereas the late pregnant adolescents presented an average of 6.9 (unlikely depression) (p=0.008). Conclusions: Depression was more intense among precocious adolescents than among late adolescents. There was no significant difference in the intensity of anxiety, assessed by the HADS, between precocious and late adolescents.
Enjambment – Irony, Wit, Emotion. A Case Study Suggesting Wider Principles
Authors: Tsur Reuven , Gafni Chen
Published: January 2019

This study submits to empirical investigation an old idea of Tsur’s regarding the effect of enjambment on the perceived subtleness of irony in a poetic passage. We submitted two versions of a Milton passage to over 50 participants with “background in literary studies”, ranging from undergraduates to tenured professors, asking them to rate the perceived subtleness of irony and forthrightness of expression. We received four incompatible combinations of relative subtleness and forthrightness in the two passages. Two of the combinations were logically reasonable (though resulting from opposite performances), and two were internally inconsistent. An analysis of these results revealed two sources of this discrepancy: enjambments can be performed in three different ways, and participants respond not to abstract enjambments, but to performed enjambments; and they act upon partly overlapping definitions of irony. Assuming different performances of the enjambment, both logically acceptable response patterns support our hypothesis. Yet, a large part of the responses in this study were incoherent to some extent. This highlights the difficulty in collecting subjective interpretations of complex aesthetic events. We discuss this methodological issue at length.
Metrics and versification in poetry and song: the 14th Nordic conference on metrics, 13–15 September, 2018, Stockholm, Sweden
Authors: Furuseth Sissel
Published: January 2019

Metrics and versification in poetry and song: the 14th Nordic conference on metrics, 13–15 September, 2018, Stockholm, Sweden
Morris Halle (1923–2018)
Authors: Kiparsky Paul
Published: January 2019

Morris Halle (1923–2018)
Methodology of scientific research (in course and final qualifying works)
Authors: Боуш Галина , Boush Galina , Разумов Владимир , Razumov Vladimir
Published: January 2019

Contains the theory and practice of the methodology of scientific research: choice of topic, justification of the relevance, the formulation of problems and hypotheses, development of the program and methodology the research, a description of the results.
Includes categorical methods. Set out the history, diagram, basic concepts, terms and logic of the application, the heuristic. Examples and practical tasks are given; control questions; literature.
Meets the current requirements of the GEF EAP.
For bachelors, specialists, masters of all areas of training, teachers of the course "Methodology of scientific research" and related academic disciplines, subject teachers, researchers.
Postanowienia ustawy z dnia 10 czerwca 2016 r. o działaniach antyterrorystycznych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem kwestii praw i wolności cudzoziemców
Authors: Małysiak Janusz
Published: January 2019

The Provisions of the Polish Anti‑Terrorist Act of 2016 with Emphasis on the Rights and Freedoms of Foreigners The aim of this article is to analyse the provisions of the Polish anti‑terrorist act of 2016. Particular emphasis is put on the issue of rights and freedoms of foreigners. The article is divided into three thematic sections. The first part is devoted to the drawing up of the act, the second focuses on legal status of foreigners in Poland, whereas the third discusses the consequences of the adoption of the act. The author analyses how the position of foreigners in the Polish legal system has been affected by the passing of the anti‑terrorist act.