bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on sarcopenia: evidence from genetic methods
Authors: Yuan Jiaqin , Zhang Jinglin , Luo Qiang , Peng Lipeng
Published: February 2024

With the aging of the population, sarcopenia has become more common. Studies have shown a broad association between liver disease and sarcopenia. However, this link remains unclear. Our study explored the link between NAFLD and sarcopenia and predicting the pathogenesis. To begin, we investigated the causal relationship and genetic correlation between them using MR and LDSC. Second, each GWAS was annotated by MAGMA. The annotated genes were analyzed for pleiotropy using the PLACO approach. Finally, functional analysis was conducted on the identified pleiotropic genes. We observed a significant genetic correlation between NAFLD and sarcopenia. Subsequently, we conducted gene-level pleiotropy analysis using PLACO and identified a total of 153 genes with pleiotropic effects. Functional analysis revealed enrichment of these genes in various tissues, including pancreas, liver, heart, blood, brain, and muscle, with involvement in cellular regulation, intracellular function, and antigen response. Moreover, our MR analysis provided evidence of a causal relationship between NAFLD and sarcopenia. Our study has discovered the genetic and causal relationships between NAFLD and sarcopenia, providing further insights into their pathophysiological mechanisms. The identification of pleiotropic genes also offers potential targets for future drug therapies aimed at controlling or treating NAFLD and sarcopenia.
Elementary cellular automata realized by stateful three-memristor logic operations
Authors: Wang Hongzhe , Wang Junjie , Yan Shiqin , Pan Ruicheng , Sun Mingyuan , Yu Qi , Chen Tupei , Chen Lei , Liu Yang
Published: February 2024

Cellular automata (CA) are computational systems that exhibit complex global behavior arising from simple local rules, making them a fascinating candidate for various research areas. However, challenges such as limited flexibility and efficiency on conventional hardware platforms still exist. In this study, we propose a memristor-based circuit for implementing elementary cellular automata (ECA) by extending the stateful three-memristor logic operations derived from material implication (IMP) logic gates. By leveraging the inherent physical properties of memristors, this approach offers simplicity, minimal operational steps, and high flexibility in implementing ECA rules by adjusting the circuit parameters. The mathematical principles governing circuit parameters are analyzed, and the evolution of multiple ECA rules is successfully demonstrated, showcasing the robustness in handling the stochastic nature of memristors. This approach provides a hardware solution for ECA implementation and opens up new research opportunities in the hardware implementation of CA.
Serum erythropoietin in acute ischemic stroke: preliminary findings
Authors: Amalia Lisda , Saputra Gilang Nispu
Published: February 2024

Ischemic stroke is the most common stroke, caused by occlusion of cerebral vessels and leading causes of disability. Erythropoietin (EPO) has non-hematopoietic effects as a neuroprotectant after ischemic event. This study aimed to learn the serum level of EPO in acute ischemic stroke. This cross-sectional study of ischemic stroke patients with onset < 24 h and consecutive sampling was used to collect the data from medical records review, physical examinations, head CT, 24-h EPO, 24-h and seventh-day NIHSS. A total of 47 patients consisting of 59.6% women, with a median age of 53 years old (21–70). The median 24 h EPO level was 808.6 pg/mL (134.2–2988.9). The relationship between 24 h-EPO and 24-h NIHSS were not significant (r = 0.101; p = 0.250), nor to 7th day NIHSS (r =  − 0.0174; p = 0.121) and to delta NIHSS (r = 0.186; p = 0.106). The relationship of blood collection time (hour) and EPO was significant (r =  − 0.260; p = 0.039). There was a statistically significant difference between serum EPO levels in ischemic stroke patients with lacunar stroke compared to non-lacunar stroke (288.5 vs. 855.4 ng/mL; p = 0.021). There was a relationship between the time of collection of blood and the level of EPO and also there was difference EPO level in lacunar stroke subtype compared with non-lacunar. The relationship between EPO and NIHSS lost significance after analysis. There is a need for a future study comparing each stroke risk factor and the same blood collection time.
Analysis of m6A regulators related immune characteristics in ankylosing spondylitis by integrated bioinformatics and computational strategies
Authors: Guo Da , Liu Jiayi , Li Shuang , Xu Peng
Published: February 2024

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, as a common epigenetic modification, has been widely studied in autoimmune diseases. However, the role of m6A in the regulation of the immune microenvironment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of m6A modification on the immune microenvironment of AS. We first evaluated RNA modification patterns mediated by 26 m6A regulators in 52 AS samples and 20 healthy samples. Thereafter, an m6A related classifier composed of seven genes was constructed and could effectively distinguish healthy and AS samples. Then, the correlation between m6A regulators and immune characteristics were investigated, including infiltrating immunocytes, immune reactions activity, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes expression. The results indicated that m6A regulators was closely correlated with immune characteristics. For example, EIF3A was significantly related to infiltrating immunocytes; IGF2BP2 and EIF3A were significant regulators in immune reaction of TGF-β family member, and the expression of HLA-DPA1 and HLA-E were affected by EIF3A and ALKBH5. Next, two distinct m6A expression patterns were identified through unsupervised clustering analysis, and diverse immune characteristics were found between them. A total of 5889 m6A phenotype-related genes were obtained between the two expression patterns, and their biological functions were revealed. Finally, we validated the expression status of m6A modification regulators using two additional datasets. Our findings illustrate that m6A modifications play a critical role in the diversity and complexity of the AS immune microenvironment.
A prospective clinical trial of diathermy ablation for patients with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia from a single institution in Japan
Authors: Mitani Takeji , Kukimoto Iwao , Tsukamoto Tetsuya , Nomura Hiroyuki , Fujii Takuma
Published: February 2024

Approximately 500,000 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer annually, with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) estimated to be 20 times higher. The diathermy ablation is an inexpensive minimally invasive surgeries for CIN. However, little is known about the treatment outcomes. A prospective clinical trial was therefore conducted to evaluate ablation outcomes based on detailed colposcopy findings, cytology, and biopsy results over a two-year period. We enrolled CIN2 (n = 32) and CIN3 (n = 7) patients. Eligibility criteria included: aged between 29 and 49 (median: 36, mean: 36.3), visible transformation zone with high-grade lesions not entirely occupying the cervix, and histologically diagnosed with CIN2 or CIN3. Cytology and HPV genotyping were performed, and colposcopic findings were evaluated. Colposcopy-guided diathermy ablation was conducted by a certified gynecologic oncologist. The incidence of recurrent or residual disease was 5.1% (2/39, 95% confidence interval: − 0.02 to 0.12). The prevalence of HPV infection at 12 months decreased after surgery, as 67.6% (23/34, 0.52–0.83) of patients were HPV-negative. No severe adverse events were reported, while there were five pregnancies with full-term deliveries. The promising outcome was possibly due to selection of rigorous surgical indication and skilled surgical techniques. The study highlights the importance of experienced and skilled colposcopists.

TrialRegistry This study was registered in the clinical trial registration system of the University hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR ID: UMIN000024483). Open for the trial to the public through the website: 01/11/2016. First registration of the patient: 30/01/2017.
Pantoea trifolii sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from Trifolium rubens root nodules
Authors: Wdowiak-Wróbel Sylwia , Kalita Michał , Palusińska-Szysz Marta , Marek-Kozaczuk Monika , Sokołowski Wojciech , Coutinho Teresa A.
Published: February 2024

A novel bacterium, designated strain MMK2T, was isolated from a surface-sterilised root nodule of a Trifolium rubens plant growing in south-eastern Poland. Cells were Gram negative, non-spore forming and rod shaped. The strain had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with P. endophytica (99.4%), P. leporis (99.4%) P. rwandensis (98.8%) and P. rodasii (98.45%). Phylogenomic analysis clearly showed that strain MMK2T and an additional strain, MMK3, should reside in the genus Pantoea and that they were most closely related to P. endophytica and P. leporis. Genome comparisons showed that the novel strain shared 82.96–93.50% average nucleotide identity and 26.2–53. 2% digital DNA:DNA hybridization with closely related species. Both strains produced siderophores and were able to solubilise phosphates. The MMK2T strain was also able to produce indole-3-acetic acid. The tested strains differed in their antimicrobial activity, but both were able to inhibit the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 10Ss01. Based on the results of the phenotypic, phylogenomic, genomic and chemotaxonomic analyses, strains MMK2T and MMK3 belong to a novel species in the genus Pantoea for which the name Pantoea trifolii sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain MMK2T (= DSM 115063T = LMG 33049T).
A novel preliminary metabolomic panel for IHD diagnostics and pathogenesis
Authors: Markin S. S. , Ponomarenko E. A. , Romashova Yu. A. , Pleshakova T. O. , Ivanov S. V. , Bedretdinov F. N. , Konstantinov S. L. , Nizov A. A. , Koledinskii A. G. , Girivenko A. I. , Shestakova K. M. , Markin P. A. , Moskaleva N. E. , Kozhevnikova M. V. , Chefranova Zh. Yu. , Appolonova S. A.
Published: February 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents one of the main causes of mortality worldwide and nearly a half of it is related to ischemic heart disease (IHD). The article represents a comprehensive study on the diagnostics of IHD through the targeted metabolomic profiling and machine learning techniques. A total of 112 subjects were enrolled in the study, consisting of 76 IHD patients and 36 non-CVD subjects. Metabolomic profiling was conducted, involving the quantitative analysis of 87 endogenous metabolites in plasma. A novel regression method of age-adjustment correction of metabolomics data was developed. We identified 36 significantly changed metabolites which included increased cystathionine and dimethylglycine and the decreased ADMA and arginine. Tryptophan catabolism pathways showed significant alterations with increased levels of serotonin, intermediates of the kynurenine pathway and decreased intermediates of indole pathway. Amino acid profiles indicated elevated branched-chain amino acids and increased amino acid ratios. Short-chain acylcarnitines were reduced, while long-chain acylcarnitines were elevated. Based on these metabolites data, machine learning algorithms: logistic regression, support vector machine, decision trees, random forest, and gradient boosting, were used for IHD diagnostic models. Random forest demonstrated the highest accuracy with an AUC of 0.98. The metabolites Norepinephrine; Xanthurenic acid; Anthranilic acid; Serotonin; C6-DC; C14-OH; C16; C16-OH; GSG; Phenylalanine and Methionine were found to be significant and may serve as a novel preliminary panel for IHD diagnostics. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
The impact of selected xanthophylls on oil hydrolysis by pancreatic lipase: in silico and in vitro studies
Authors: Dąbrowski Grzegorz , Czaplicki Sylwester , Szustak Marcin , Korkus Eliza , Gendaszewska-Darmach Edyta , Konopka Iwona
Published: February 2024

Lipase inhibition is one of the directions to control obesity. In vitro assays have confirmed the inhibitory effect of selected xanthophylls, including astaxanthin, fucoxanthinol, fucoxanthin, and neoxanthin. Similarly, an in-silico study also demonstrated the successful inhibition of pancreatic lipase by astaxanthin. Unfortunately, the efficacy of these protocols in the emulsion state typical of lipid digestion remains untested. To address this issue, the current study employed the pH–stat test, which mimics lipid digestion in the gastrointestinal tract, to evaluate native and prepared sea buckthorn and rapeseed oils with varying xanthophyll contents from 0 to 1400 mg/kg oil. Furthermore, a molecular docking of zeaxanthin and violaxanthin (commonly found in plant-based foods), astaxanthin (widely distributed in foods of marine origin) and orlistat (approved as a drug) was performed. The in-silico studies revealed comparable inhibitory potential of all tested xanthophylls (variation from − 8.0 to − 9.3 kcal/mol), surpassing that of orlistat (− 6.5 kcal/mol). Nonetheless, when tested in an emulsified state, the results of pH–stat digestion failed to establish the inhibitory effect of xanthophylls in the digested oils. In fact, lipolysis of native xanthophyll-rich sea buckthorn oil was approximately 22% higher than that of the xanthophyll-low preparation. The key insight derived from this study is that the amphiphilic properties of xanthophylls during the digestion of xanthophyll-rich lipids/meals facilitate emulsion formation, which leads to enhanced fat lipolysis.
Autologous anti-GD2 CAR T cells efficiently target primary human glioblastoma
Authors: Chiavelli Chiara , Prapa Malvina , Rovesti Giulia , Silingardi Marco , Neri Giovanni , Pugliese Giuseppe , Trudu Lucia , Dall’Ora Massimiliano , Golinelli Giulia , Grisendi Giulia , Vinet Jonathan , Bestagno Marco , Spano Carlotta , Papapietro Roberto Vito , Depenni Roberta , Di Emidio Katia , Pasetto Anna , Nascimento Silva Daniela , Feletti Alberto , Berlucchi Silvia , Iaccarino Corrado , Pavesi Giacomo , Dominici Massimo
Published: February 2024

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains a deadly tumor. Treatment with chemo-radiotherapy and corticosteroids is known to impair the functionality of lymphocytes, potentially compromising the development of autologous CAR T cell therapies. We here generated pre-clinical investigations of autologous anti-GD2 CAR T cells tested against 2D and 3D models of GBM primary cells. We detected a robust antitumor effect, highlighting the feasibility of developing an autologous anti-GD2 CAR T cell-based therapy for GBM patients.
Molecular fragmentation as a crucial step in the AI-based drug development pathway
Authors: Jinsong Shao , Qifeng Jia , Xing Chen , Hao Yajie , Wang Li
Published: February 2024

The AI-based small molecule drug discovery has become a significant trend at the intersection of computer science and life sciences. In the pursuit of novel compounds, fragment-based drug discovery has emerged as a novel approach. The Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT) model has showcased remarkable prowess across various domains, rooted in its pre-training and representation learning of fundamental linguistic units. Analogous to natural language, molecular encoding, as a form of chemical language, necessitates fragmentation aligned with specific chemical logic for accurate molecular encoding. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in molecular fragmentation. We systematically summarize the approaches and applications of various molecular fragmentation techniques, with special emphasis on the characteristics and scope of applicability of each technique, and discuss their applications. We also provide an outlook on the current development trends of molecular fragmentation techniques, including some potential research directions and challenges.
Identifying levers of urban neighbourhood transformation using serious games
Authors: Schuur Johann S. , Switalski Michal , Salliou Nicolas , Grêt-Regamey Adrienne
Published: February 2024

Growing urban population and contemporary urban systems lock-in unsustainable urban development pathways, deteriorating the living quality of urban dwellers. The systemic complexity of these challenges renders it difficult to find solutions using existing planning processes. Alternatively, transformative planning processes are radical, take place on multiple scales, and are often irreversible; therefore, require the integration of local stakeholders’ perspectives, which are often contradictory. We identify perceived levers of urban transformative change using a serious game to facilitate the integration of these perspectives through simulating neighbourhood transformation processes in two European case studies. Building on existing transformation frameworks, we organize, conceptualize, and compare the effectiveness of these levers through demonstrating their interactions with different scales of transformation. Specifically, drawing from close commonalities between large-scale (Three Spheres of Transformation) and place-based (Place-making) transformation frameworks, we show how these interactions can help to develop recommendations to unlock urban transformative change. Results show that access to participation is a key lever enabling urban transformative change. It appears to be mid-level effective to unlock urban transformative change through interactions with the political sphere of transformation and procedural element of Place-making. Ultimately, however, most effective are those levers that interact with all scales of transformation. For example, by engaging a combination of levers including access to participation, public spaces, parking, place-characteristics and place-identity. These findings could be operationalized by self-organized transformation processes focused on repurposing hard infrastructure into public spaces, whilst ensuring continuity of place-based social- and physical features. Local stakeholders could further use such processes to better understand and engage with their individual roles in the transformative process, because interactions with the personal scale, i.e., personal sphere of transformation appear paramount to unlock urban transformative change.
Assessing CaDPA levels, metabolic activity, and spore detection through deuterium labeling
Authors: Öberg Rasmus , Sil Timir Baran , Ohlin André , Andersson Magnus , Malyshev Dmitry
Published: February 2024

Spores are a problem in e.g. healthcare and food industry. Labelling spores is essential for research. We show heavy water as an isotope marker to permanently label spores for Raman spectroscopy to track sporulation, germination, and DPA content.
Reversible oxidative dimerization of 4-thiouridines in tRNA isolates
Authors: Bessler Larissa , Groß Jonathan , Kampf Christopher J. , Opatz Till , Helm Mark
Published: February 2024

In search for new RNA modifications in E. coli tRNA we elucidated a disulfide-bridged dimer of 4-thiouridine which was identified as an ex vivo artifact and is formed during sample handling in the presence of ambient oxygen.
Interfacial Co–O–Cu bonds prompt electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia in neutral electrolyte
Authors: Yao Kai , Fang Zhaobin , Yan Weijie , Wang Yawu , Song Zhenyong , Wang Wenhai , Wang Jieyue , Wei Xianwen , Tan Yiwei , Wu Dehong , Wu Konglin , Jiang Binbin
Published: February 2024

The Co–O–Cu interfacial bonds in Co2–Cu(OH)2 sufficiently expose active sites and improve the reaction kinetics. The optimal Co2–Cu(OH)2 provides an amazing electrocatalytic performance for the NO3RR.
Mixed anion control of negative thermal expansion in a niobium oxyfluoride
Authors: Dempsey Eliza K. , Cumby James
Published: February 2024

Substituting oxygen with fluorine tunes between positive and negative thermal expansion in niobium oxyfluoride.
Formation of negative ions from cobalt tricarbonyl nitrosyl Co(CO)3NO clusters
Authors: Mészáros Dušan , Matejčík Štefan , Papp Peter
Published: February 2024

Electron attachment to Co(CO)3NO clusters in argon, dissociative attachment via CO and/or NO ligand losses, neutral dissociations and NO ligand dissociation.
Macrocyclic complexes of Fe(iii) with mixed hydroxypropyl and phenolate or amide pendants as T1 MRI probes
Authors: Kras Elizabeth A. , Cineus Roy , Crawley Matthew R. , Morrow Janet R.
Published: February 2024

Fe(iii) macrocyclic complexes with mixed oxygen donor pendants are studied as T1 MRI probes. Complexes with a phenolate pendant are among the most promising and produce pH dependent relaxivity profiles consistent with proton exchange pathways.
Scattering resonances in the rotational excitation of HDO by Ne and normal-H2: theory and experiment
Authors: García-Vázquez Ricardo Manuel , Bergeat Astrid , Denis-Alpizar Otoniel , Faure Alexandre , Stoecklin Thierry , Morales Sébastien B.
Published: February 2024

Crossed-molecular-beam measurements and close-coupling calculations based on high-accuracy potential energy surfaces for the HDO collisions with Ne or H2 in the near-threshold regime.
Oligosaccharides fromAsparagus cochinchinensisfor ameliorating LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice
Authors: Ma Yajie , Zhang Fan , Xie Yujun , An Luyao , Zhang Boli , Yu Boyang , Li Renshi
Published: February 2024

Asparagus cochinchinensisis a medicinal and edible plant, which is traditionally used for the treatment of lung disorders. Oligosaccharides from Asparagi Radix can be used as a potential natural ingredient with lung protective effect.
Selective expansion of renal cancer stem cells using microfluidic single-cell culture arrays for anticancer drug testing
Authors: Wang Xiaogang , He Tao , Chen Zihe , Chen Jueming , Luo Yanzhang , Lin Dongguo , Li Xiancheng , Liu Dayu
Published: February 2024

Selective single-cell expansion on a microfluidic chip facilitates drug testing of renal cancer stem cells.
Deposition of multilayer coatings onto highly porous materials by Layer-by-Layer assembly for bone tissue engineering applications using cyclic mechanical deformation and perfusion
Authors: Sahebalzamani MohammadAli , Sadat Hashemi Tina , Mousavi Nejad Zohreh , Agarwal Srishti , McCarthy Helen O. , Levingstone Tanya J. , Dunne Nicholas J.
Published: February 2024

Manufacturing LbL assembly coated highly 3D-porous scaffolds under dynamic conditions using continuous perfusion and cyclic compression significantly enhances their physicomechanical properties compared to those fabricated under static conditions.
Reinvestigation of diphenylmethylpiperazine analogues of pyrazine as new class of Plasmodial cysteine protease inhibitors for the treatment of malaria
Authors: Madhav Hari , Reddy G. Srinivas , Rizvi Zeba , Jameel Ehtesham , Patel Tarosh S. , Rahman Abdur , Yadav Vikas , Fatima Sadaf , Heyat Fatima , Pal Kavita , Minju-OP Amisha , Subbarao Naidu , Bhattacharjee Souvik , Dixit Bharat C. , Sijwali Puran Singh , Hoda Nasimul
Published: February 2024

The present study unveils a thorough reevaluation of diphenylmethylpiperazine and pyrazine-derived molecular hybrids, introducing them as a new class of antimalarials.
Glucosamine substituted sulfonylureas: IRS–PI3K–PKC–AKT–GLUT4 insulin signalling pathway intriguing agent
Authors: Suaifan Ghadeer A. R. Y. , Alkhawaja Bayan , Shehadeh Mayadah B. , Sharmaa Mridula , Hor Kuan Chan , Okechukwu Patrick Nwabueze
Published: February 2024

Normally, skeletal muscle accounts for 70–80% of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in the postprandial hyperglycemia state.
Mechanism of photocatalytic CO2 methanation on ultrafine Rh nanoparticles
Authors: Dai Xinyan , Sun Yugang
Published: February 2024

The photoexcited hot electrons in rhodium (Rh) nanoparticles supported on silica spheres promote the cleavage of both C–O bonds in CO2 molecules with the assistance of hydrogen, favoring the selectivity and kinetics of CO2 methanation.
Bi-cation incorporated Ni3N nanosheets boost water dissociation kinetics for enhanced alkaline hydrogen evolution activity
Authors: Hu Yu-wen , Sultana Fozia , Balogun M.-Sadeeq , Xiong Tuzhi , Huang Yongchao , Xia Yu
Published: February 2024

Both experimental and theoretical analyses were used to show that simultaneous doping of V and Fe cations could accurately and completely enhance the intrinsic catalytic activity of Ni3N nanosheets as hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalyst.
De novo designed aliphatic and aromatic peptides assemble into amyloid-like cytotoxic supramolecular nanofibrils
Authors: Samui Satyabrata , Biswas Soumi , Basak Shubhanwita , Ghosh Shreya , Muniyappa K. , Naskar Jishu
Published: February 2024

De novo designed aliphatic and aromatic peptides form biomimetic supramolecular nanofibrils illuminating the intricacies of the pathogenic amyloid assemblies.
Stable and fast Na-ion storage of recovered carbon from the spent carbon cathode of aluminum electrolysis
Authors: Lu Yao , Hua Zhifan , Chen Chao , Chen Zibo , Li Xinyi , Yu Hailin , Peng Ke , Tian Zhongliang
Published: February 2024

The recovered carbon from aluminum electrolysis is used as the anode for Na-ion battery. It discharges specific capacity of 134 mA h g−1 at current density of 5000 mA g−1. It gives ∼100% capacity retention after cycled 2000 times under 1000 mA g−1.
Sustainable low temperature carrier gas-free growth of graphene on non-catalytic substrates
Authors: Papale Laurance , Philippa Bronson , Makarenko Boris , Varghese Oomman K. , Jacob Mohan V.
Published: February 2024

Sustainable vertically aligned graphene is grown on soda lime with an orange oil precursor, then utilized as a humidity sensor.
Mesomorphic and dielectric properties of strategically designed chiral bent-core liquid crystals displaying wide temperature range dark conglomerate phase
Authors: Baghla Anshika , Punjani Vidhika , Rao D.S. Shankar , Prasad S. Krishna , Pal Santanu Kumar
Published: February 2024

Chiral bent-core molecules exhibit spontaneous symmetry breaking, forming opposing chirality domains. Molecular chirality influences supramolecular domain preferences, offering potential for chiral templating applications.
Photochemical dehydrogenative transformation to heterocycles facilitated by an azo/hydrazo redox couple
Authors: Biswas Ayanangshu , Mandal Sourav , Halder Supriya , Singh Rahul , Adhikari Debashis
Published: February 2024

A new azo-dye demonstrates significant dehydrogenation ability under visible light excitation to assemble quinazolinones.
Correction: Celery-derived porous carbon materials for superior performance supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Sirui , Xu Yaping , Wu Jinggao , Huang Jing
Published: February 2024

Correction for ‘Celery-derived porous carbon materials for superior performance supercapacitors’ by Sirui Liu et al., Nanoscale Adv., 2021, 3, 5363–5372, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NA00342A.
cis-Fused cyclohexane promoted the chemical recycling of polycarbonate to monomer
Authors: Shan Si-Yi , Zhang Wei , Cao Qing , Ye Yun-Cong , Cai Zhongzheng , Zhu Jian-Bo
Published: February 2024

A seven-membered cyclic carbonate bearing a cis-fused cyclohexane structure enabled the chemical recycling of polycarbonate to high-ring-strain monomer.
Recent advances in metal-free catalytic enantioselective higher-order cycloadditions
Authors: Zhang Bei , Wang Jian
Published: February 2024

In this review, we briefly summarize the recent research progress in enantioselective higher-order cycloadditions, focusing on the preparation of medium-sized and multicyclic chiral molecules by metal-free catalysis.
Reduced‐order electromagnetic transient model based on equivalent flux linkage derivative for induction motors under voltage sag condition
Authors: Yang Guangliang , Guan Tongyu , Kang Jinping , Zhan Yang , Xu Guorui , Zhao Haisen
Published: February 2024

Precise electromagnetic transient simulation of induction motors (IMs) under voltage sag condition is necessary in Electro‐Magnetic Transient Programme. Although traditional fifth‐order model can accurately reflect the electromagnetic transient behaviour of IMs, the disadvantage of massive computation limits its application in the large‐scale system simulation. Considering voltage sag is a typical power quality issue, a novel reduced‐order electromagnetic transient model based on equivalent flux linkage derivative is proposed to shorten simulation time during voltage sag. When characteristic parameters of voltage sag are given, an equivalent flux linkage derivative can be obtained simply, and the proposed model can effectively shorten the simulation time while ensuring accuracy of the fifth‐order model. Simulation results of small capacity (5.5‐kW) and large capacity (315‐kW and 1600‐kW) IMs in simple system and IEEE 9‐bus system confirm the applicability of the proposed model. It is estimated that simulation time of the proposed model decreases by 76% compared with the fifth‐order model. Finally, the experimental validation with the 5.5‐kW IM is carried out to show the effectiveness of the theory.
Optimizing photovoltaic models: A leader artificial ecosystem approach for accurate parameter estimation of dynamic and static three diode systems
Authors: Hassan Mohamed H. , Kamel Salah , Ramadan Abd‐ElHady , Domínguez‐García José Luís , Zeinoddini‐Meymand Hamed
Published: February 2024

The utilization of accurate models is crucial in the various stages of development for photovoltaic (PV) systems. Modelling these systems effectively allows developers to assess new modifications prior to the manufacturing phase, resulting in cost and time savings. This research paper presents a viable approach to accurately estimate both static and dynamic PV models. The proposed estimation method relies on a novel and enhanced optimization algorithm called leader artificial ecosystem‐based optimization (LAEO), which improves upon the original artificial ecosystem‐based optimization (AEO). The proposed LAEO algorithm integrates the adaptive probability (AP) and leader‐based mutation‐selection strategies to enhance the search capability, improve the balance between exploration and exploitation, and overcome local optima. To evaluate the effectiveness of LAEO, it was tested on 23 different benchmark functions. Additionally, LAEO was applied to estimate the parameters of static three‐diode PV models, as well as integral‐order and fractional‐order dynamic models. This paper showcases practical implementations of photovoltaic (PV) parameter estimation in various scenarios, including the static three‐diode model, dynamic integral order model (IOM), and fractional order model (FOM). The results were assessed from various angles to examine the precision, performance, and stability of the LAEO algorithm.
Listener perception of changes in historically informed performance of solo baroque music due to room acoustics
Authors: Eley Nolan , Lavandier Catherine , Psychoyou Théodora , Katz Brian F.G.
Published: February 2024

A listening test was performed to determine whether there were any perceived differences in the playing styles of musicians as a function of the room in which the music was performed. This listening test was part of a larger study aimed at investigating the impact of room acoustics on historically informed performance (HIP) of baroque music which included an objective analysis framework designed to capture dimensions of performance important to a historical baroque playing style. The test included both flute and viol examples and included the participation of 20 musically trained listeners with a background in HIP. The results of the test showed some significant differences in certain performance parameters for both instruments. In particular, the flute examples demonstrated differences that aligned with reports from the flutists about the strategies they used to adapt to the different acoustics, and there was agreement between listener ratings and previously extracted objective parameters. These findings suggest that room acoustics play a role in shaping musical performance, and that the resulting changes can be perceived by listeners.
Régénération des tissus dentaires de soutien
Authors: Charbonnier Baptiste , Weiss Pierre
Published: February 2024

Après avoir évoqué l’avenir des biomatériaux de réparation des tissus dentaires calcifiés (émail et dentine) en essayant d’être biomimétique et même de stimuler aux interfaces la régénération dentinaire, nous évoquons dans cet article l’avenir des biomatériaux utilisés pour régénérer les tissus de soutien de la dent, le parodonte qui inclut l’os alvéolaire.
In der Vereinigung liegt die Kraft – Leben mit Dissoziativer Identitätsstruktur
Authors: Leben Bonnie
Published: February 2024

Viele Personen in einem Körper – die Dissoziative Identitätsstruktur (DIS) ist eine komplexe Traumafolgestörung und für Betroffene oft Rettung und Leid zugleich. Um Menschen mit DIS bedarfsgerecht unterstützen zu können, braucht es in erster Linie mehr Bewusstsein in der Gesellschaft. Bonnie Leben berichtet aus persönlicher Erfahrung.
Funktion und Erscheinungsbild verbessern – Narbenbehandlung
Authors: Hesse Oskar
Published: February 2024

Für die Nachbehandlung von Narben gibt es bisher keinen Goldstandard. Sie wird im Praxisalltag unterschiedlich gelebt. Dieser Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über die verschiedenen Techniken zur Narbenbehandlung. Um die geeigneten Maßnahmen einzuleiten, ist es wichtig, die Narbe zu klassifizieren und zu befunden. Denn so lassen sich Technik und Dosierung anhand des Narbenbildes anpassen.
Aktuelles Vorgehen in der Nachbehandlung gelenkerhaltender Operationen am Kniegelenk im deutschsprachigen Raum
Authors: Degenhardt Hannes , Hirschmüller Anja , Minzlaff Philipp
Published: February 2024

Einleitung Die postoperative Nachbehandlung nach gelenkerhaltenden Kniegelenkoperationen beinhaltet neben klassischer Physiotherapie weitere Ansätze und Hilfsmittel wie CPM- und CAM-Schienen, TENS-Geräte, BFR-Training, Prähabilitation und digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen. Ziel der vorliegenden Umfrage war es, aktuelle Standards, Trends und Steuerungsmöglichkeiten in der Nachbehandlung zu untersuchen, Problemfelder zu identifizieren und mit der aktuellen Literatur zu vergleichen.

Material und Methoden Es erfolgte eine strukturierte anonyme Online-Befragung gelisteter Fachärzte für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie der deutschsprachigen Gesellschaft für Arthroskopie und Gelenkchirurgie (AGA). Der Fragebogen umfasste 36 geschlossene Fragen zur Nachbehandlung gelenkerhaltender Operationen am Kniegelenk.

Ergebnisse Es konnten die Fragebogen von 528 Teilnehmenden mit langjähriger Berufserfahrung (86,6% mehr als 10 Jahre) analysiert werden. Standardisierte Nachbehandlungsschemata werden von 97,2% verwendet und deren Evidenz als hoch (59,1%) /sehr hoch (14,8%) eingeschätzt. Probleme der Rehabilitation werden in 10–20% der Fälle von 87,3% (persistierende Muskelatrophie 30,9%) gesehen. Nach rekonstruktiven Eingriffen werden CPM-Schienen (70,1%), CAM-Schienen (42,1%), Orthesen (85,0%) und TENS-Geräte (40,0%) verschrieben. Potentere Ansätze zur Behandlung des postoperativen Muskeldefizits werden von 89,4% gewünscht. BFR-Training ist bei 41,7% bekannt und wird von 8% regelmäßig angewendet. Es erfolgt nur ein unregelmäßiger Austausch mit behandelnden Physiotherapeuten (schriftlich: 27,5%). Eine digitale Rehabilitationssteuerung würde von 83,3% unterstützt werden, 22,7% kennen digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen nicht. 87,9% der Teilnehmenden gehen davon aus, dass Prähabilitation das postoperative Ergebnis beeinflussen kann.

Schlussfolgerung Die Nachbehandlung kniegelenkerhaltender Operationen erfolgt in der Regel standardisiert und wird regelmäßig auf Aktualität überprüft. Die Evidenz für ausgesprochene Empfehlungen wird dabei als hoch eingeschätzt. In der Regel werden Orthesen nach rekonstruktiven Eingriffen verwendet, persistierende Muskelatrophien sind ein zentrales Problemfeld, das BFR-Training ist nur begrenzt bekannt, standardisierte Trainingsprotokolle fehlen hierfür aktuell. Die Kommunikation mit Physiotherapeuten ist verbesserungswürdig. Eine digitale Rehabilitationssteuerung wird selten verwendet, würde aber von der Mehrzahl der Chirurgen unterstützt werden.
Bridging the notch: quantification of the end diastolic notch to better predict fetal growth restriction
Authors: Yu Sheila , Nair Ananya Gopika , Huang Tianhua , Melamed Nir , Mei Dan Elad , Aviram Amir
Published: February 2024

Purpose We aimed to evaluate several quantitative methods to describe the diastolic notch (DN) and compare their performance in the prediction of fetal growth restriction.

Materials and Methods Patients who underwent a placental scan at 16–26 weeks of gestation and delivered between Jan 2016 and Dec 2020 were included. The uterine artery pulsatility index was measured for all of the patients. In patients with a DN, it was quantified using the notch index and notch depth index. Odds ratios for small for gestational age neonates (defined as birth weight <10th and <5th percentile) were calculated. Predictive values of uterine artery pulsatility, notch, and notch depth index for fetal growth restriction were calculated.

Results Overall, 514 patients were included, with 69 (13.4%) of them delivering a small for gestational age neonate (birth weight<10th percentile). Of these, 20 (20.9%) had a mean uterine artery pulsatility index >95th percentile, 13 (18.8%) had a unilateral notch, and 11 (15.9%) had a bilateral notch. 16 patients (23.2%) had both a high uterine artery pulsatility index (>95th percentile) and a diastolic notch. Comparison of the performance between uterine artery pulsatility, notch, and notch depth index using receiver operating characteristic curves to predict fetal growth restriction <10th percentile found area under the curve values of 0.659, 0.679, and 0.704, respectively, with overlapping confidence intervals.

Conclusion Quantifying the diastolic notch at 16–26 weeks of gestation did not provide any added benefit in terms of prediction of neonatal birth weight below the 10th or 5th percentile for gestational age, compared with uterine artery pulsatility index.
Simplifying Multimodal Clinical Research Data Management: Introducing an Integrated and User-friendly Database Concept
Authors: Schweinar Anna , Wagner Franziska , Klingner Carsten , Festag Sven , Spreckelsen Cord , Brodoehl Stefan
Published: February 2024

Background Clinical research, particularly in scientific data, grapples with the efficient management of multimodal and longitudinal clinical data. Especially in neuroscience, the volume of heterogeneous longitudinal data challenges researchers. While current research data management systems offer rich functionality, they suffer from architectural complexity that makes them difficult to install and maintain and require extensive user training.

Objectives The focus is the development and presentation of a data management approach specifically tailored for clinical researchers involved in active patient care, especially in the neuroscientific environment of German university hospitals. Our design considers the implementation of FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) principles and the secure handling of sensitive data in compliance with the General Data Protection Regulation.

Methods We introduce a streamlined database concept, featuring an intuitive graphical interface built on Hypertext Markup Language revision 5 (HTML5)/Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) technology. The system can be effortlessly deployed within local networks, that is, in Microsoft Windows 10 environments. Our design incorporates FAIR principles for effective data management. Moreover, we have streamlined data interchange through established standards like HL7 Clinical Document Architecture (CDA). To ensure data integrity, we have integrated real-time validation mechanisms that cover data type, plausibility, and Clinical Quality Language logic during data import and entry.

Results We have developed and evaluated our concept with clinicians using a sample dataset of subjects who visited our memory clinic over a 3-year period and collected several multimodal clinical parameters. A notable advantage is the unified data matrix, which simplifies data aggregation, anonymization, and export. This streamlines data exchange and enhances database integration with platforms like Konstanz Information Miner (KNIME).

Conclusion Our approach offers a significant advancement for capturing and managing clinical research data, specifically tailored for small-scale initiatives operating within limited information technology (IT) infrastructures. It is designed for immediate, hassle-free deployment by clinicians and researchers.

The database template and precompiled versions of the user interface are available at: https://github.com/stebro01/research_database_sqlite_i2b2.git.
New Heterocyclic Organosulfur Compounds Derived from Dithioacetals
Authors: Groszek Grazyna , Leja Dawid T. , Depa Wojciech J. , Guńka Piotr A. , Zachara Janusz , Lechowicz Jaromir B.
Published: February 2024

The dithioacetalization of lactaldehyde derivatives with ethane-1,2-, propane-1,3-, butane-1,4-, and pentane-1,5-dithiols in the presence of 4 mol% of scandium triflate has been described. A series of cyclic dithioacetals were obtained with yields ranging from quantitative to 37%. The dithioacetalization of lactaldehyde derivatives with butane-1,4-dithiol and pentane-1,5-dithiol groups are accompanied by the formation of 14- and 16-membered macrocyclic sulfur structures with yields of 3% and 18%, respectively. In the case of a cyclic dithioacetal derivative with three methylene groups, a diastereoisomeric pair of enantiomers was obtained, the structure of which was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Dithioacetals are useful building blocks in the synthesis of complex chemical structures. Macrocyclic compounds can be used to complex metal ions.
Phosphazene-Catalyzed Regioselective Condensation of Allyl Thioethers with Aldehydes: A Rapid Approach to 1,3-Dienyl Sulfides, -Sulfoxides and -Sulfones
Authors: Soorukram Darunee , Phae-nok Supasorn , Kuhakarn Chutima , Leowanawat Pawaret , Reutrakul Vichai
Published: February 2024

The phosphazene-catalyzed regioselective condensation of allyl thioethers with aldehydes is investigated. Upon treatment of allyl thioethers with P4-t-Bu, allyl thioether anions are generated and rapidly react with aromatic aldehydes, leading to 1,3-dienyl sulfides in good yields with high regioselectivity. This finding provides an alternative approach for the preparation of allyl thioether anions in a regioselective manner. In addition, chemoselective transformations of 1,3-dienyl sulfides to provide the corresponding 1,3-dienyl sulfoxides or 1,3-dienyl sulfones are also demonstrated.
Predictors of Intensive Care Unit Admissions in Patients Presenting with Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Douda Lahib , Hasnat Heraa , Schwank Jennifer , Nassar Sarien , Jackson Nancy M. , Flynn Jeffrey C. , Gardiner Joseph , Misra Dawn P. , Sankari Abdulghani
Published: February 2024

Background Increased mortality rates among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) highlight a compelling need to establish predictive criteria for ICU admissions. The aim of our study was to identify criteria for recognizing patients with COVID-19 at elevated risk for ICU admission.

Methods We identified patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and were hospitalized between March and May 2020. Patients' data were manually abstracted through review of electronic medical records. An ICU admission prediction model was derived from a random sample of half the patients using multivariable logistic regression. The model was validated with the remaining half of the patients using c-statistic.

Results We identified 1,094 patients; 204 (18.6%) were admitted to the ICU. Correlates of ICU admission were age, body mass index (BMI), quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score, arterial oxygen saturation to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio, platelet count, and white blood cell count. The c-statistic in the derivation subset (0.798, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.748, 0.848) and the validation subset (0.764, 95% CI: 0.706, 0.822) showed excellent comparability. At 22% predicted probability for ICU admission, the derivation subset estimated sensitivity was 0.721, (95% CI: 0.637, 0.804) and specificity was 0.763, (95% CI: 0.722, 0.804). Our pilot predictive model identified the combination of age, BMI, qSOFA score, and oxygenation status as significant predictors for ICU admission.

Conclusion ICU admission among patients with COVID-19 can be predicted by age, BMI, level of hypoxia, and severity of illness.
Antibiotic Strategies for Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Bassetti Matteo , Giacobbe Daniele R. , Magnasco Laura , Fantin Alberto , Vena Antonio , Castaldo Nadia
Published: February 2024

Despite advancements in health systems and intensive care unit (ICU) care, along with the introduction of novel antibiotics and microbiologic techniques, mortality rates in severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) patients have not shown significant improvement. Delayed admission to the ICU is a major risk factor for higher mortality. Apart from choosing the appropriate site of care, prompt and appropriate antibiotic therapy significantly affects the prognosis of sCAP. Treatment regimens involving ceftaroline or ceftobiprole are currently considered the best options for managing patients with sCAP. Additionally, several other molecules, such as delafloxacin, lefamulin, and omadacycline, hold promise as therapeutic strategies for sCAP. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the key challenges in managing adults with severe CAP, focusing on essential aspects related to antibiotic treatment and investigating potential strategies to enhance clinical outcomes in sCAP patients.
Accuracy of the explicit energy-conserving particle-in-cell method for under-resolved simulations of capacitively coupled plasma discharges
Authors: Powis A. T. , Kaganovich I. D.
Published: February 2024

The traditional explicit electrostatic momentum-conserving particle-in-cell algorithm requires strict resolution of the electron Debye length to deliver numerical stability and accuracy. The explicit electrostatic energy-conserving particle-in-cell algorithm alleviates this constraint with minimal modification to the traditional algorithm, retaining its simplicity, ease of parallelization, and acceleration on modern supercomputing architectures. In this article, we apply the algorithm to model a one-dimensional radio frequency capacitively coupled plasma discharge relevant to industrial applications. The energy-conserving approach closely matches the results from the momentum-conserving algorithm and retains accuracy even for cell sizes up to 8 times the electron Debye length. For even larger cells, the algorithm loses accuracy due to poor resolution of steep gradients within the radio frequency sheath. Accuracy can be recovered by adopting a non-uniform grid, which resolves the sheath and allows for cell sizes up to 32 times the electron Debye length in the quasi-neutral bulk of the discharge. The effect is an up to 8 times reduction in the number of required simulation cells, an improvement that can compound in higher-dimensional simulations. We therefore consider the explicit energy-conserving algorithm as a promising approach to significantly reduce the computational cost of full-scale device simulations and a pathway to delivering kinetic simulation capabilities of use to industry.