bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical comments about Triassic dinosaurs from Brazil
Authors: Delcourt Rafael , Azevedo Sergio Alex Kugland de , Grillo Orlando Nelson , Deantoni Fernanda Oliveira
Published: February 2019

Triassic dinosaurs of Brazil are found in Santa Maria and Caturrita formations, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. There are three species known from the Santa Maria Formation (Staurikosaurus pricei, Saturnalia tupiniquim and Pampadromaeus barberenai), and two from Caturrita Formation (Guaibasaurus candelariensis and Unaysaurus tolentinoi). These dinosaur materials are, for the most part, well preserved and allow for descriptions of musculature and biomechanical studies. The lateral rotation of the Saturnalia femur is corroborated through calculations of muscle moment arms. The enhanced supracetabular crest of Saturnalia, Guaibasaurus, Staurikosaurus, Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis, Efraasia minor and Chormogisaurus novasi suggests that basal dinosaurs may have maintained an inclination of the trunk at least 20º on the horizontal axis. The pectoral girdle articulation of basal sauropodomorphs (Saturnalia and Unaysaurus) was established using a new method, the Clavicular Ring, and the scapular blade remains near 60º on the horizontal axis. This is a plesiomorphic condition among sauropodomorphs and is also seen in the articulated plateosauridae Seitaad ruessi. The Brazilian basal dinosaurs were lightweight with a body mass estimated around 18.5 kg for Staurikosaurus, 6.5 kg for Saturnalia, and 17 kg for Guaibasaurus. Pampadromaeus probably weighed 2.5 kg, but measures of its femur are necessary to confirm this hypothesis. The Triassic dinosaurs from Brazil were diversified but shared some functional aspects that were important in an evolutionary context.
Biologia reprodutiva de Taraba major (Aves, Thamnophilidae) na região do Pirizal, Porção Norte do Pantanal, Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: Lara Kelrene M , Pinho João B , Silveira Roberto M.L
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste estudo é descrever aspectos da biologia reprodutiva de Taraba major tais como período reprodutivo, ninhos, ovos, ninhegos, tamanho de ninhada, período de incubação e permanência dos ninhegos no ninho. Os dados foram coletados durante as estações reprodutivas de 2009 e 2010, na fazenda Retiro Novo, município de Poconé, Pantanal, Mato Grosso, Brasil. A procura dos ninhos ocorreu de forma ativa e através da observação dos adultos transportando material para o ninho ou alimento para o filhote. Os ninhos foram visitados com intervalos de três a quatro dias. Foram monitorados 51 ninhos ativos. O período reprodutivo da espécie estendeu-se de outubro a dezembro. O tempo médio de construção dos ninhos foi de 06 ± 1,6 dias (n = 08). Os ovos são de formato ovóide, esbranquiçados com manchas marrons espalhadas por toda sua extensão. A massa, comprimento e largura média dos ovos foram 6,1 ± 0,5 g, 26,8 ± 1,5 mm, 19,5 ± 1,7 mm, respectivamente (n = 74). O tamanho da ninhada variou de dois (n = 13) a três (n = 1) ovos. Ambos os sexos constroem o ninho e revezam na incubação. O tempo médio de incubação foi de 15,5 ± 1,7 dias (n = 08), e a permanência dos ninhegos nos ninhos de 13,2 ± 1,6 dias (n = 08).
Short-term thermal modelling of a conceptual deep geological repository in Canada
Authors: Abootalebi Pedram , Siemens Greg
Published: February 2019

Canada has decided on long-term containment and isolation of used fuel within a deep geological repository. The deep geological repository will be constructed at a depth of roughly 500 m and consist of a network of placement rooms at depth and surface facilities to support the operation of the repository. An engineered barrier system will fill the area between used fuel containers and the geosphere to isolate the used fuel containers from the environment. The engineered barriers will be subjected to competing gradients of thermal energy driving moisture away from the containers and hydraulic gradients driving moisture into the repository. A key thermal design criterion is for the container surface temperature to be less than 100°C. Recently, thermal properties were defined for the barrier materials in the placement room. The effect of barrier material saturation on dissipation of thermal energy for a generic Canadian placement room is examined for upper- and lower-bound scenarios, which are believed to bound the short-term thermal response of the repository under hydraulically static conditions. The results show that the 100°C criterion is met if continuity is maintained between the container and the rock.
Intervertebral disc tissue engineering: A brief review
Authors: Stergar Janja , Gradisnik Lidija , Velnar Tomaz , Maver Uros
Published: February 2019

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is associated with low back pain and significantly affects the patient’s quality of life. Degeneration of the IVD alters disk height and the mechanics of the spine, leading to chronic segmental spinal instability. The pathophysiology of IVD disease is still not well understood. Current therapies for IDD include conservative and invasive approaches, but none of those treatments are able to restore the disc structure and function. Recently, tissue engineering techniques emerged as a possible approach to treat IDD, by replacing a damaged IVD with scaffolds and appropriate cells. Advances in manufacturing techniques, material processing and development, surface functionalization, drug delivery systems and cell incorporation furthered the development of tissue engineering therapies. In this review, biomaterial scaffolds and cell-based therapies for IVD regeneration are briefly discussed.
Bir Göz Hastalıkları Uzmanınca Askerliğe Elverişsiz Olduğu Kararı Verilen Yükümlülerin Etyolojik Değerlendirmesi
Authors: KARACA Umut , USTA Gülşah
Published: February 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Askerlik çağında genç erkek hastalara
verilmiş “Askerliğe Elverişli Değildir” kararlarının etyolojik değerlendirmesi
ve hastalık gruplarının Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri Sağlık Yeteneği Yönetmeliği’ne
(TSK SYY) göre dağılımının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve yöntem: Isparta Asker Hastanesi’ne Ocak- 2012 –
Ocak- 2014 tarihleri arasında askere alım muayenesi için başvuran 463 genç
erkek hastanın dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastalar TSK SYY
maddelerine uygun olarak gruplandırıldı ve sonrasında gruplardaki hastalıklar
alt bölümlere ayrılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda askerliğe elverişsizlik
kararı nedenleri içerisinde refraksiyon kusurları ve anizometropik ambliyopi
ilk sırada yer almaktadır (236, %51.0). Refraksiyon kusurlarını sırası ile arka
segment hastalıkları ve anatomik bütünlüğün bozulduğu durumlar (fitizis bulbi –
evisserasyon) (115, %24.8), ön segment hastalıkları (76, %16.4), ön ve arka
segmentin birlikte tutulduğu hastalıklar (17, %3.7), strabismik ambliyopi ve
nistagmus (14, %3.0) ve oküler albinizm (5, %1.1) takip etmektedir.

Tartışma: Askerlik muayenelerinin özellikle sivil
aile hekimleri ve göz hekimleri için yeni bir uygulama olması birtakım
zorlukları ve hataları beraberinde getirmektedir. Göz hekimleri olarak muayene
ettiğimiz asker adaylarında karar vermek ve TSK SYY’ne uygun olarak rapor
yazabilmek için mevzuatlar ile birlikte asker alım muayenelerinde sık
karşılaşılan hastalıkları bilmek önem arz etmektedir.
Comparison of the direct and indirect measurements to neural inspiratory time v1
Authors: Zhang Jianheng , Luo Qun , Chen Rongchang
Published: February 2019

Background: The definition and measurement of neural inspiratory time (Ti)areimportant topatient-ventilator interaction. Method : To compare the estimate of Ti duration basedon diaphragm electromyogram (EMGdi), flow, transdiagramic pressure (pdi). The time difference between the initial increase and the point of the maximal value of the EMGdi (Tto peak EMGdi ) , time difference between the initial increase and the termination of the EMGdi (TEMGdi total) , time difference between the point of zero flow while the flow signal is positive (Tflow) , and the time difference between the onset of the upward deflection in Pdi and the return of Pdi to baseline (Tpdi) were measured in 8 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, 8 interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients and 8 healthy subjects during spontaneous breathing and noninvasive mechanical ventilation. Result:The T to peak EMGdi was significant shorter than TEMGdi total, Tpdi, and Tflowin all subjects (the patients and the healthy subjects) during spontaneous breathingand noninvasive mechanical ventilation. During the time course between the peak EMGdi and the zero point of inspiratory flow, the flow signal was positive. When the maximal value of the EMGdi was achieved, the tidal volume was still increasing. This phenomenon occurred both in spontaneous breathing and ventilation. Conclusion:We conclude the peak point of EMGdi may not be the terminal point of the neural inspiratory time. If it is defined as the end of the neural inspiratory time, the expiratory delay would be exaggerated during mechanical ventilation.
Making Differentiation Media for SH-SY5Y v1
Authors: Schackart Kenneth
Published: February 2019

This describes how to make differentiation medium for SH-SY5Y using all-trans-retinoic acid.
Modelling HIV infection: model identification and global sensitivity analysis
Authors: Zheltkova V.V , Zheltkov D.A. , Bocharov G.A.
Published: February 2019

Mathematical modelling can be very useful in studying complex objects in modern systems immunology. In this work we studied the problem of modelling immune cell
population dynamics for HIV infection through the set of models with different levels of complexity, which include several characteristics of HIV infection dynamics
(antigen presenting, cell and humoral immune reactions, the effect of regulatory T-lymphocytes). We formulated and solved the parameter estimation problem using
maximal likelihood approach, for two variants of modelling error quantifying. The global sensitivity analysis was implemented with LHS-PRCC method. Models were
compared by the residual functional values and using the information-theoretical framework. We present the extended Marchuk-Petrov model for HIV infection with delays.
For solving the parameter estimation problem for this model we compared a number of numerical optimization methods.
Representation of Women in the News: Balancing between Career and Family Life
Authors: Vandenberghe Hanne
Published: February 2019

An in-depth literature review showed that women, despite their increasingly prominent roles worldwide, continue to be persistently underrepresented and stereotyped in news media. This study aimed to investigate the extent to which the representation of women changed over time in two Dutch-speaking Belgian newspapers De Standaard and Het Laatste Nieuws. An automated quantitative content analysis revealed that there is no increase of the number of women in the newspapers between 2005 and 2015. On the contrary, women are significantly less represented over time in the popular newspaper Het Laatste Nieuws. A qualitative analysis on two cases about women stepping into a leadership position—in 2012 (Catherine De Bolle as head of the Federal police) and in 2014 (Dominique Leroy as CEO of a Belgian telecom company)—showed that the press emphasised their femininity, their being a role model for other women, their being part of a family and having certain looks. Moreover, these women are clearly portrayed as ‘the best candidate’ pointing at the selection procedures and their capabilities to perform professionally. Probably, this strong emphasis is a way of justifying that these women are not selected because of positive discrimination. Further analysis of cases of both men and women stepping into top positions across countries and media platforms is recommended.
Diversity in Western Countries: Journalism Culture, Migration Integration Policy and Public Opinion
Authors: Mertens Stefan , Standaert Olivier , D'Haenens Leen , De Cock Rozane
Published: February 2019

Earlier research has shown that public opinion and policy lines on the topic of immigrant integration are interrelated. This article investigates a sample of 24 countries for which data are available in the Migrant Integration Policy Index (MIPEX), the World Values Survey (WVS), as well as in the Worlds of Journalism Study (WJS). To our knowledge, this is the first time that these data are connected to one another to study journalists’ views on their role to promote tolerance and cultural diversity in societies with diverging immigration policies. The WJS presents an analysis of the role conceptions of professional journalists throughout the world, including a variable measuring the extent to which journalists conceive promoting tolerance and cultural diversity as one of their tasks. Our findings show that journalists (as measured in the WJS) mostly tend to promote tolerance and cultural diversity in countries with more restrictive immigration policies (measured by MIPEX) and less emancipative values (measured by the WVS) Promoting tolerance and cultural diversity is associated with a so-called interventionist approach in journalism culture. Furthermore, we used cluster analyses to attribute the countries under study to meaningful, separate groups. More precisely, we discriminate four clusters of the press among the 24 countries under investigation.
THE ROLE OF THE HUNGARIAN SAMIZDAT IN INTENSIFYING OF OPPOSITION-MINDED PUBLIC (1976 – 1988)
Authors: Junger M.
Published: February 2019

The paper reviews the origins and development of samizdat in the Hungarian People's Republic. The samizdat for a long time remained the only way of doing opposition activities. It contributed to the spread of uncensored information and dissident's consolidation. The main opposition groups were urban and populist. The principle of the "popular front", which had deep historical roots in Hungary, meant joint efforts of various actors. It played an important role for their consolidation during the work on the collection of papers "In Memory of Bibo". The authors questioned the legitimacy of socialist states in Central and Eastern Europe. They had also written a program for achievement political pluralism, multi-party democracy. There was a positive impact of the political legacy of the philosopher to the ideological development of the urban group. The reaction of the Central Committee of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party to the "In Memory of Bibo" testified a deep understanding of the causes of origin and prospects of the opposition's growth. Thematic areas of the leading samizdat journals "Beszélő", "Hirmondó", "Demokrata", their contribution to the consolidation of opposition-minded part of the Hungarian society were estimated. In this paper for the first time in the Ukrainian historiography we gave an account on the image of the Ukrainian dissident movement in the Hungarian samizdat.
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN VOLYN PROVINCE DURING THE SECOND POLISH REPUBLIC
Authors: Volontyr O.
Published: February 2019

The article studies the main trends in the development of vocational education in the Second Polish republic. The reasons that prompted the Polish government not to ignore this sphere and simultaneously start its reforming are considered. The peculiarities of the regulatory framework and regulatory acts on professional and technical education in the 1920s and 1930s were revealed. The structure, peculiarities of the functioning of specialized educational institutions, as well as the educational process, the main motives of teaching and the training of the teaching staff, are analyzed, respectively. The main content of the policy of the Polish government in Volyn of the interwar period regarding the vocational training is highlighted. The role of the educational reform of 1932 in the creation of an integrated system of vocational and technical education in the then Polish country was revealed. The place of the professional school in the educational system of the Second Polish republic has been clarified. The regional peculiarities and significance of professional education of cultural and educational development of local population are revealed. Areas of vocational education are highlighted and an attempt is made to study the direction of the content of the educational process in educational institutions of this type in the territory of the Volyn province.
INSOLVENCY PROCESS PECULIARITIES OF PHYSICAL PERSONS AS A KIND OF RESUMES HOW TO UPGRADE PAYMENT AND RESTRUCTURING OUTSIDE DEBT
Authors: Eglite Inga
Published: February 2019

Existing problems in process of insolvency proceedings of a natural person, which are not exactly defined in law regulation, make specification for each insolvency process. Which often make wrong notions about process of the natural person insolvency proceeding. And what should be taken into account, for renewing the natural person solvency in the way that the natural person obligations must be extinguishing.
LEGAL NATURE OF THE EXAMINATION DE NOVO OF VALID RULINGS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Baikovska Inese
Published: February 2019

In this article, the author examines recent developments of the existing criminal procedure legislation with regard to the fresh examination of valid judicial decisions. According to the principle of legal certainty (res judicata), no appeal may lie from a decision that has already entered into force in a criminal case. However, if such a decision proves to be unlawful, the right of persons to a fair trial and a fair final judgment should be regarded as a priority with respect to the principle of legal certainty and legal means should be found for fresh examination or review.The goal of this article is to examine the legal framework and role in criminal proceedings of the following two legal institutions: the re-opening of criminal proceedings due to newly discovered circumstances and the fresh examination of valid decisions due to serious breaches of substantive or procedural law.The tasks of this article are to investigate the fresh examination of valid decisions as defined in the Criminal Procedure Law, opinions provided by legal researchers and relevant case-law. As a result of the research, conclusions are formulated with regard to the legal significance of the fresh examination of valid decisions, and specific suggestions are provided for the improvement of the existing legal framework.The research is based on the analysis of legislation, court decisions, conclusions and opinions. For this article, the author has examined interrelations and differences of the procedural framework according to analytic and synthetic methods and benchmarked specific provisions against other laws based on the comparative method. The methods of grammatical, systemic and teleological interpretation have also been applied in analysing specific legislation and determining the spirit and purpose of laws.
Deficiência na Globulina de Ligação de Tiroxina: uma Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Barbosa Kledson Lopes , Araújo Christiani Lozany Ferreira de Lima
Published: February 2019

O hipotireoidismo congênito é classificado como a falta de hormônios tireoidianos após o nascimento, e que quando não tratado inicialmente,contribui para o atraso acentuado do desenvolvimento e retardo mental. A ingestão adequada de iodo é necessária para a produção de hormônios tireoidianos. Visto que sua deficiência pode levar ao hipotireoidismo congênito em neonato, uma condição caracterizada, geralmente, por deficiência intelectual e nanismo, podendo ainda afetar a audição. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura acerca da Hipotebegenemia e seus agravos relacionados à saúde. Hipotebegenemia doença genética, ligada ao cromossomo X e que acomete, principalmente, meninos. Ocorre por uma deficiência na proteína transportadora dos hormônios tireodianos - TBG. Para isto, realizaram-se buscas bibliográficas em bases eletrônicas, tais como: Bireme, Lilacs, SciELO, Pubmed e Periódicos Capes. Conclui-se que o hipotireoidismo subclínico na infância parece ser reversível na maioria dos casos. Contudo, os riscos de progressão desta condição não devem ser afastados, uma vez que as manifestações clínicas irão depender de determinadas condições, tal como as formas autoimunes.Palavras chaves: Hipotireoidismo. Tireoglobulina Ligadora. Doença Genética.AbstractCongenital hypothyroidism is classified as the lack of thyroid hormones after birth, and when not treated initially, it contributes to markeddevelopmental delay and mental retardation. The ingestion of iodide it is necessary for the thyroid hormones production. Its deficiency can leadto congenital hypothyroidism in the neonate, a condition usually characterized by intellectual deficiency and dwarfism, and may even affect hearing. The objective of the present study was to carry out a review of the literature on Hypothembemia and its health related diseases. It is a Hipotebegenemia genetic disease, linked to the X chromosome and affects mainly boys. It occurs due to a deficiency in thyroid hormone carrier protein - TBG. For this, bibliographic searches were carried out in electronic databases, such as: Bireme, Lilacs, SciELO, Pubmed and Periodicals CAPES. It is concluded that subclinical hypothyroidism in childhood seems to be reversible in most cases. However, the risks of progress by category are not required, since that the clinical manifestations will depend on conditions, such as autoimmune forms.Keywords: Hypothyroidism. Binding Thyroglobulin. Genetic Disease.
Iontoforese: uma Técnica Subutilizada
Authors: Silva Erivanildo Gonçalves Vieira da , Hebling Leticia Maria Graballos Ferraz
Published: February 2019

A iontoforese é uma técnica que utiliza corrente elétrica para aplicação de fármacos através de tecidos que, de outra forma, encontrariamdificuldade para penetração ou nem mesmo conseguiriam ultrapassar a barreira destes tecidos. Este artigo de revisão de literatura aborda atécnica da iontoforese e os seus principais usos assim como algumas das pesquisas realizadas com esta técnica para a aplicação de diferentesfármacos. Para tanto, foram utilizadas as bases de pesquisa PubMed e Scielo para busca de publicações a este respeito nos últimos 17 anos.Apesar de ter sido descrita, pela primeira vez, há cerca de 300 anos, a iontoforese é uma técnica pouco utilizada na fisioterapia. Alguns usos bem-sucedidos têm sido descritos na literatura. Entre estes sucessos terapêuticos se pode citar a iontoforese no tratamento da condição conhecida como hiperidrose palmar ou plantar, no entanto, não há consenso geral sobre seu uso entre os pesquisadores. Assim, a utilização da corrente elétrica para aplicação de fármacos fica restrita a poucas situações na fisioterapia. Este artigo aponta para necessidade de mais pesquisas já que a técnica se apresenta como promissora para a aplicação transdérmica de diversos fármacos com menores riscos de erros por altas dosagens ou efeitos sistêmicos colaterais.Palavras chave: Iontoforese. Eletroterapia. Fármacos Transdérmicos. Fisioterapia.AbstractIontophoresis is a technique that uses electrical current for drug delivery through tissues that otherwise would be difficult to penetrate or even overcome the barrier of these tissues. This review paper deals with the iontophoresis technique and its main uses as well as some of the researches carried out with this technique for the different drugs delivery. Therefore, the research bases PubMed and Scielo were used to search publications in this regard in the last 17 years. Although it was first described about 300 years ago, iontophoresis is a technique rarely used in physiotherapy. Some successful uses have been described in the literature. Among these therapeutic successes may be mentioned iontophoresis in the treatment of the condition known as palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis. However, there is no general consensus about its use among researchers. Thus, the use of electric current for drug application is restricted to a few situations in physiotherapy. This article points out the need for more research since the technique presents as promising for the transdermal application of several drugs with lower risk of errors due to high dosages or systemic side effects.Keywords: Iontophoresis. Electrotherapy. Transdermal Drugs. Physiotherapy.
Senile Solar Lentigo - Alternative Treatment Available on the Market of Aesthetic
Authors: Bernardes Patrícia Gonçalves da Silva , Lima Sarah Buzaim , Batista Glaucia Freire , Sobrinho Hermínio Mauricio da Rocha , Sampaio Lucas Henrique Ferreira
Published: February 2019

O Lentigo Solar é conhecido também como manchas senis, que são lesões pigmentadas na superfície do tecido epitelial. O lentigo apresenta coloração castanho-claro, escura ou negra e surge em regiões do corpo mais expostas ao sol, como a face, o dorso das mãos e dos braços, colo e os ombros. Além disso, aumenta em número e em dimensão com o envelhecimento. As lesões LS são mais frequentes em peles claras. O objetivo da pesquisa foi descrever os mecanismos de ação e de eficácia das principais tecnologias e procedimentos utilizados no tratamento das manchas senis. O presente estudo é uma revisão bibliográfica que apresenta uma visão geral das alternativas disponíveis no mercado estético para o tratamento de lentigo solar. Luz Intensa Pulsada, Lasers, Peelings Químicos, Despigmentação Ultrassônica e Microdermoabrasão são alguns dos recursos disponíveis no mercado mundial utilizados no tratamento do Lentigo Solar Senil. Estes recursos, associados ou não, atuam de forma superficial, como terapia despigmentante, clareadora e renovadora celular, proporcionando resultados eficazes em curto e médio prazo. Estudos sugerem que essas terapias combinadas somadas com a manutenção preventiva com fotoproteção e despigmentantes podem proporcionar resultados eficazes e satisfatórios. O tratamento do Lentigo Solar exige conhecimentos específicos e capacitação profissional para avaliação clínica adequada e elaboração de novos protocolos de tratamento.Palavras-chave: Terapia a Laser. Ultrassom. Abrasão Química. AbstractSolar Lentigo, also known as senile spots, are pigmented lesions on the surface of the epithelial tissue. They are light brown, dark or black in color and appear in regions of the body most exposed to the sun, such as a face, back of hands and arms, neck and shoulders. In addition, they increase in number and size with aging, being more frequent in light skin. The aim of this study was to describe the mechanisms of action and the efficacy of the main technologies and procedures for treatment of senile spots. The present study is a bibliographical review that presents an overview of the alternatives available in aesthetic market for the treatment of solar lentigo. Intense Pulsed Light, Lasers, Chemical Peels, Ultrasonic Depigmentation and Microdermabrasion are some of the treatment available worldwide to treat senile solar lentigo. These resources associated or not, act superficially, as depigmenting therapy, bleaching and cell renewal, providing efficient results in the short and medium term. Studies suggest that these therapies combined with preventive maintenance with photoprotection and depigmenting may provide satisfactory results. The treatment of Solar Lentigo requires specific knowledge and professional qualification for clinical evaluation and elaboration of new treatment protocols.Keywords: Laser Therapy. Ultrasonics. Chemexfoliation.
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen Adaylarının Ölçme-Değerlendirme Okuryazarlık Düzeylerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi1
Authors: AZRAK Yakup , YALÇINKAYA Elvan
Published: February 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının ölçme-değerlendirme okuryazarlık düzeylerini çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının ölçme-değerlendirme okuryazarlık düzeyleri, cinsiyetlerine, sınıf düzeylerine, ölçme ve değerlendirme dersi alma durumlarına, mezun oldukları lise türüne ve akademik başarı ortalamalarına göre karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırmada tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Uygun örnekleme yönteminin kullanıldığı araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi, Eğitim Fakültesi, Türkçe ve Sosyal Bilimler Eğitimi Bölümü, Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalı’nda 1., 2., 3. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim gören 282 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Mertler ve Campell (2005) tarafından geliştirilen ve Bütüner, Yiğit ve Çimer (2010) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan “Ölçme-Değerlendirme Okuryazarlığı Envanteri” kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde Mann Whitney U, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) ve Kruskal Wallis H testleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda öğretmen adaylarının ölçmedeğerlendirme okuryazarlık düzeylerinin yeterli seviyede olmadığı ve geliştirilmeye açık olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bunun yanında öğretmen adaylarının ölçme-değerlendirme okuryazarlık düzeyleri ile cinsiyetleri ve mezun oldukları lise türü arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmazken, sınıf düzeyleri, ölçme ve değerlendirme dersi alma durumları ve akademik başarı ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda, eğitim fakültelerinde verilen ölçme değerlendirme dersinin kredisinin artırılması ve ölçme değerlendirme içeriğine sahip derslere üniversite 1. sınıftan itibaren yer verilmesi önerilebilir.
Clinical predictors of axillary lymph node metastasis in early breast cancer in Indian patients
Authors: Chowdappa Raghunandan Gorantlu , Kajamohideen Suhaildeen
Published: February 2019

Background: Surgical dissection is the accepted mode of staging the axilla in breast cancer. Proper prediction of axillary node positivity can help towards stratifying patients. The primary objective of the study was to assess the clinical factors influencing pathological axillary lymph node positivity in early carcinoma breast.Methods: This was a retrospective study, conducted at a tertiary cancer centre. Case records of all the patients with invasive breast cancer which are clinical T1 and T2 and either N0 or NI, from January 2011 to October 2014 were analysed. Clinical profile of the patient including age, BMI, comorbid, menstrual history, family history, symptoms, site of the lesion, size, single or multi centric origin were analysed.Results: Total of 608 patients of early breast cancer analysed of which 248 had pathological nodal positivity. The age group of 51 to 75 years, BMI ≥30, pre-menopausal patients had significant positive predictive value when compared to post-menopausal. Tumours in lower outer quadrant, central sector and multiple tumours also had positive predictive value. Clinical T2 when compared to clinical T1 stage and MRM when compared to BCS had significant positive predictive value.Conclusions: To conclude in present study age of the patient and clinical location of the tumour and surgery performed emerged as significant independent predictive factors of positive lymph node. Prospective studies are required to further prove the significance of these factors.
A clinical study on presentation, age distribution, various diagnostic methods adopted, treatment modalities being used and outcome of gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Authors: Madhusudhan Chinthakindhi , Jyothiprakasan Vinod Kumar , Sriram Veeresh
Published: February 2019

Background: Gastro intestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are primary distinctive mesenchymal tumors of the gastro intestinal tract. Early diagnosis is important for better clinical outcome. The objective was to study presentation, age distribution, various diagnostic methods adopted, treatment modalities being used and outcome of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.Methods: Prospective and retrospective, descriptive study was carried out. After admission of the patient, a detailed clinical history was taken. Physical examination was carried out in detail as per the study proforma and findings were noted. All cases provisionally diagnosed as GISTS were further investigated.Results: Males and females were equally present i.e. 50% each. Pain in the abdomen was the most common clinical presentation in 66.7% of the cases. 12 cases (66.7%) of GISTs present in the stomach and 6 cases (33.3%) of GISTs present in the duodenum in various locations. Diagnostic confirmation was done for all the 18 cases by histopathology. Out of these 18 cases, 10 cases are benign GISTS (55.6%), whereas 8 cases were of malignant GISTS (44.4%). In total, among all the cases, 10 cases are spindle cell type (55.6%), 6 cases of epithelioid type (33.3%) and 2 cases of mixed cell type tumors (11.1%) are seen.Conclusions: GIST is more a disease of elder age group. CECT abdomen is a good diagnostic modality in detection of GIST. Wide excision with negative margins (2cm from tumor margin) is adequate and treatment of choice for benign tumors.
Study to assess the knowledge regarding diabetes management amongst medical intern and nursing staff in tertiary care teaching hospital in Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Kulkarni Rohini S. , Solanke Sachin N. , Giri Purushottam A. , Chavan Jagdish A.
Published: February 2019

Background: Diabetes has become a major health problem in India. Inadequate knowledge and training of frontline medical care givers like nursing staff, intern doctors and resident doctors may result in increase in both acute and chronic complications amongst diabetes patients. So, it results to high economic burden on family especially in rural parts of India. So, objective of this study was to assess knowledge about diabetes and its management amongst medical interns and nursing staff in tertiary care teaching hospital in Marathwada region of Maharashtra.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at IIMSR Medical College, Badnapur, Jalna, Maharashtra amongst 70 nursing staff and 70 medical interns by convenient sampling method during the period of June to August 2018. Knowledge on diabetes was assessed through 30 questions.Results: Knowledge related to diabetes and its management is assessed in 70 nursing staff and 70 medical interns using 50 item questionnaires. Out of 70 nursing staff mean knowledge score was 38.13 and out of 70 medical interns mean knowledge score was 40.17. Those nursing staff that had experience more than 5 years and positive family history of DM had significant greater knowledge than counterpart. There was no significant difference in knowledge level in gender, age, degree or diploma and whether in-service education opted or not amongst nursing staff. Amongst intern knowledge was more in those who had positive family history of DM. There was no significant difference in knowledge level in male and female interns.Conclusions: This study concluded that there was knowledge gap about diabetes and its management amongst frontline care givers like nursing staff as compared to medical interns suggesting requirement of additional training and educations amongst frontline health care providers.
Entre la apertura democrática y el radicalismo. El movimiento estudiantil nicolaita de 1970 a 1979
Authors: Sánchez Amaro Luis
Published: February 2019

El trabajo reconstruye el desarrollo histórico del movimiento estudiantil en la Universidad Michoacana durante el gobierno de Luis Echeverría Álvarez (1970-1976) y la mitad del sexenio de José López Portillo, cuyas propuestas de apertura y diálogo político tendieron a dividir al estudiantado entre quienes los apoyaron y los que se radicalizaron. Se analiza y concluye también con respecto a los objetivos movilizadores del movimiento estudiantil, las formas organizativas que se adoptaron y los logros que se consiguieron en el resurgimiento de las Casas del Estudiante Universitarias y el fortalecimiento de la propia Casa de Estudios.
Zoledronic Acid and Leuprolide Acetate Affect Du-145 Migration towards Stem Cell Conditioned Medium
Authors: La Montagna Giuseppe , Bertolini Francesca , Mognetti Barbara , Sibille Giulia
Published: February 2019

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent genitourinary tumour and the third specific death cause, mostly because of bone metastasis. Currently, PCa is treated with GnRH analogues (leuprolide acetate-LA) and bisphosphonates (zoledronic acid-ZA) often in association. Thus, the aim of this work has been to study, in vitro, the effects of these drugs on cell line derived from PCa (DU-145). Particularly, we focused on some crucial aspects that drugs might play in tumor evolution and metastatization, by interfering with vitality, migration and interactions with bone cells. ZA cytotoxicity has been confirmed on DU-145 after 48-hours incubation at 5 μM, while LA cytotoxicity appears only after 72-hours contact at higher concentrations (100 μM). Both sub cytotoxic ZA and LA doses decreased 3D (transwell assay) PCa cell migration rate. pAkt/Akt ratio is diminished by LA and, even if less strikingly, by ZA, in agreement with the respective inhibition migration ratios. Cells underwent migration test in mesenchymal stem cells – MSC – conditioned medium (MSC-CM), which significantly increases the rate of migration (210%± 2.2; P<0.05). Addition of both ZA and LA quenched the attractive effect of conditioned medium. Our results suggest that LA and, mostly, ZA have a direct toxic effect on cancer cells. Furthermore, they inhibit cellular migration even under attractive stimuli exerted by MSC, and this might contribute to explain their effect in limiting metastatization.
Trajetória de pesquisa e tensões éticas: entre persistências e resistências
Authors: Neves Ednalva Maciel
Published: February 2019

O artigo problematiza o tema da ética em pesquisa, buscando dialogar com o debate contemporâneo acerca das relações entre o Sistema CEP/Conep e as Ciências Humanas e Sociais. O fio condutor da reflexão é dado pelas investigações realizadas e narradas como trajetória de pesquisa, enfatizando a reflexividade das práticas antropológicas. As tensões éticas são pontuadas através das condições de negociação da pesquisa e das interações entre pesquisador-participantes e hierarquias em contextos de pesquisa. Inicialmente, pontuo pesquisas quando a regulamentação não tinha ascendência sobre o domínio das CHS, o que não significa a ausência de reflexão ética. Em seguida, anuncio a inversão nas hierarquias das relações em pesquisa a partir do diálogo sobre risco realizado com cientistas/pesquisadores cuja posição social remetia às relações entre campos disciplinares. Enfim, trago a experiência recente sobre o parecer recebido do CEP/Conep para investigação e o processo de “colonização” da investigação pela via da burocratização do projeto de pesquisa
Reflexão sobre os aspectos e procedimentos éticos de uma pesquisa com médicos cooperados do Programa Mais Médicos
Authors: Tavares Roseane Bittencourt
Published: February 2019

A questão da ética em pesquisas com seres humanos no Brasil tem sido ainda um dilema, mesmo com a criação da Resolução nº 510/16 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde (CNS). Este artigo faz uma reflexão sobre os aspectos e procedimentos éticos da pesquisa Análise sobre a Formação Profissional e Experiência dos Médicos Cooperados do Programa Mais Médicos no Brasil, que se enquadra na área de Saúde Coletiva, porém utiliza metodologias das Ciências Humanas e Sociais (CHS). Para isto, comparou-se as duas últimas resoluções do CNS com os procedimentos realizados na pesquisa. Embora a nova resolução tenha trazido avanços nas normas éticas brasileiras para as pesquisas nas áreas de CHS, ainda existem lacunas que causam dificuldades para que os pesquisadores enquadrem suas pesquisas nas diretrizes e normas regulamentadoras
Pessoas com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis: Questões bioéticas
Authors: Freitas Crislainy Vieira , Pimentel Geisa Fernanda Melo , Rodrigues Ruth Helena Lopes , Silva Érica Quinaglia
Published: February 2019

As doenças crônicas têm atraído a atenção das políticas públicas no Brasil devido ao seu crescimento significativo no novo perfil epidemiológico brasileiro. Busca-se, então, minimizar esse impacto através do enfrentamento dessas doenças no âmbito da saúde pública com as práticas preventivas e de controle. Entretanto, essas práticas dependerão da parceria entre a pessoa com doença crônica e o profissional de saúde para garantir a adesão ao tratamento/controle. Assim, torna-se inquestionável o levantamento de questões bioéticas, apontando o princípio da autonomia como o principal, uma vez que o profissional tem o dever de intermediar a escolha e a continuidade do tratamento/controle, e não a decisão final. O profissional de saúde necessita considerar todas as particularidades éticas, sociais e culturais para garantir a autonomia da pessoa que convive com doença crônica
Tsusiobon Chiaid (A Fala dos Velhos): O Velho na Construção da Identidade Matses
Authors: Dias Ricardo Lopes , Pinezi Ana Keila Mosca
Published: February 2019

A identidade étnica dos Matses, um povo indígena amazônico, resulta de uma consciência definida por critérios como parentesco, linguagem, comportamento e territorialidade. Assim, retornamos ao tema da identidade, revisando este diálogo entre o discurso identitário matses e a teoria social sobre etnicidade de Barth e Cardoso de Oliveira; e, em seguida, abordamos a função social do velho na construção, transmissão e continuidade desta identidade étnica de acordo com a noção de memória coletiva de Halbwachs, Pollak e Candau. Por fim, contrastamos as diferentes posições sociais do velho urbano e do velho matses
Ponto de Memória da Terra Firme: Um Museu Comunitário na Periferia Amazônica
Authors: Alcântara Camila Fátima Simão de Moura , Quadros Camila Alves
Published: February 2019

Os Pontos de Memória ganharam força no Brasil ao longo dos últimos anos. Tratam-se de iniciativas comunitárias de memória e museologia social que entendem os museus como espaços abertos, em constante transformação e que instituem o direito à memória de comunidades que não puderam expor seus valores sociais e culturais. Com os pressupostos teóricos que embasam as questões dos Museus Comunitários e da Memória Social apresentaremos nesse artigo o Ponto de Memória da Terra Firme, um museu comunitário na periferia de Belém do Pará, Amazônia brasileira. O intuito é refletir sobre o Programa Pontos de Memória implantado pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Museus, no ano de 2009. O texto é construído sob a percepção de duas pesquisadoras em campo que em contato com os relatos e conflitos íntimos dos moradores e militantes do bairro propõem-se juntas analisar de que forma o processo museal acontece dentro de uma periferia urbana
O exame nacional de desempenho dos estudantes de Química: análise comparativa entre iniciantes e concluintes
Authors: De Santana Edenilza Mendonça , Wartha Edson José , Sampaio Murilo De Medeiros
Published: February 2019

Este artigo faz uma classificação e análise das questões objetivas de formação geral do ENADE-2014 com base na taxonomia do pensamento crítico. A partir desta classificação, trabalhou-se com a variável de desempenho, correspondente às notas obtidas pelos estudantes nas questões, relacionando-a com outras três variáveis independentes: i) curso (bacharelado e licenciatura, considerando estudantes ingressantes e concluintes); ii) instituição (pública ou privada) e iii) escola (pública ou privada). Na análise destes pares empregou-se o teste de qui-quadrado a fim de identificar qual variável é mais relevante para o desempenho dos estudantes em questões que possivelmente demandam capacidades do pensamento crítico. Verificou-se que as questões de formação geral objetivas demandam capacidades do pensamento crítico para a sua resolução e que na variável curso, os estudantes concluintes de ambos cursos apresentam desempenho superior, na variável instituição, quando os estudantes são pertencentes a IES privadas, os estudantes concluintes da licenciatura apresentam um desempenho superior, já quando os estudantes são de IES públicas, os ingressantes apresentam um maior destaque no desempenho. Na variável escola, os estudantes de escolas públicas demonstram melhor desempenho quando são concluintes. Os estudantes que vieram de escolas privadas apresentam um desempenho superior quando são ingressantes.
A pesquisa em espaços de educação não formal em ciências na Região Norte: o caso do Bosque da Ciência
Authors: Seiffert Santos Saulo Cezar , Cunha Marcia Borin da
Published: February 2019

A pesquisa em espaços de educação não formal em ciências tem crescido no Brasil. Na Região Norte do Brasil muitos dos museus de ciências situam-se na floresta amazônica e possuem características próprias. Buscamos neste contexto realizar um estudo qualitativo bibliográfico sobre o Bosque da Ciência na cidade de Manaus-AM, análogo ao museu de ciências. Consultamos o Google Acadêmico e o site de um grupo de pesquisa em espaços não formais no Amazonas no período de 2010-2018. Localizamos 24 trabalhos completos publicados em revistas e anais. Os trabalhos sobre o Bosque são normalmente de descrição do espaço e de sequência didática, e possuem enfoque ontológico, com observação dos seres vivos e uso de painel informativo, representação fiel da natureza, com interação minds-on e heards-on, com pressupostos empiristas e construtivistas com área ambiental e ensino de ciências. Acreditamos que futuras pesquisas tendem a se dirigir a valorização da experiência humana e ao sócioconstrutivismo.
Usos/significados de geometria mobilizados por estudantes na formação inicial
Authors: Lanner de Moura Anna Regina , Bezerra Simone Maria Chalub Bandeira
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste estudo consiste em problematizar os usos/significados de conceitos geométricos mobilizados pela prática escolar de decifrar enigmas, “O Chapéu de Palhaço”, no contexto da disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado, com o intuito de ampliar a compreensão da formação inicial do professor de matemática para outros modos de ver a matemática. A análise do corpus da pesquisa, referenciada na terapia filosófica de Wittgenstein e no conceito de desconstrução de Derrida, consiste no diálogo ficcional entre estudantes e a docente da disciplina. O diálogo problematiza os usos/significados únicos atribuídos aos conceitos geométricos, na prática em foco, supostamente decorrentes de uma visão essencialista e universal da matemática, instituída na escola, e aponta para uma abordagem dos usos também em práticas culturais não escolares.
Formação matemática no curso Normal do Instituto de Educação Régis Pacheco (1959-1971)
Authors: Santos Cleide Selma Pereira dos , Lando Janice Cassia
Published: February 2019

No presente artigo apresentamos alguns resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado, na qual buscamos compreender como se constituiu a formação matemática dos normalistas do Curso Normal do Instituto de Educação Régis Pacheco, localizado em Jequié-BA. O recorte temporal da pesquisa compreende o período de 1959 a 1971, que correspondem, respectivamente, ao ano em que o citado curso iniciou suas atividades e a promulgação da Lei nº 5.692 de 11 de agosto de 1971, que trouxe mudanças importantes para o Curso Normal. Como aportes teóricos fizemos uso da história cultural; utilizamos os conceitos de apropriação na perspectiva de Chartier e história das disciplinas escolares de acordo com André Chervel. Adotamos a história oral temática, conforme propõe Meihy (1996), para produzir depoimentos com três docentes e cinco discentes do curso. Com base nas fontes, – entrevistas, documentos e livros didáticos – conjecturamos que na formação dos normalistas, o ensino de matemática se consolidou a partir da apropriação e institucionalização de saberes, oriundos das disciplinas de formação geral e de saberes advindos da formação profissional, ou seja, dos saberes a ensinar e saberes para ensinar a matemática, respectivamente.