bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Graphene plasmonically induced analogue of tunable electromagnetically induced transparency without structurally or spatially asymmetry
Authors: He Yuwen , Zhang Jianfa , Xu Wei , Guo Chucai , Liu Ken , Yuan Xiaodong , Zhu Zhihong
Published: December 2019

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) arises from the coherent coupling and interference between a superradiant (bright) mode in one resonator and a subradiant (dark) mode in an adjacent resonator. Generally, the two adjacent resonators are structurally or spatially asymmetric. Here, by numerical simulation, we demonstrate that tunable EIT can be induced by graphene ribbon pairs without structurally or spatially asymmetry. The mechanism originates from the fact that the resonate frequencies of the bright mode and the dark mode supported by the symmetrical graphene ribbon pairs can be respectively tuned by electrical doping levels, and when they are tuned to be equal the graphene plasmon coupling and interference occurs. The EIT in symmetrical nanostructure which avoids deliberately breaking the element symmetry in shape as well as in size facilitates the design and fabrication of the structure. In addition, the work regarding to EIT in the structurally symmetric could provide a fresh contribution to a more comprehensive physical understanding of Fano resonance.
High order Fano resonances and giant magnetic fields in dielectric microspheres
Authors: Wang Zengbo , Luk’yanchuk Boris , Yue Liyang , Yan Bing , Monks James , Dhama Rakesh , Minin Oleg V. , Minin Igor V. , Huang Sumei , Fedyanin Andrey A.
Published: December 2019

We show that weakly dissipating dielectric spheres made of materials such as glass, quartz, etc. can support high order Fano resonances associated with internal Mie modes. These resonances, happening for specific values of the size parameter, yield field-intensity enhancement factors on the order of 104–107, which can be directly obtained from analytical calculations. Associated to these “super-resonances”, we analyze the emergence of magnetic nanojets with giant magnetic fields, which might be attractive for many photonic applications.
Effect of long anther dehiscence on seed set at high temperatures during flowering in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Matsui Tsutomu , Hasegawa Toshihiro
Published: December 2019

Countermeasures that can mitigate the global warming impact on rice production are needed. The large dehiscence of anther for pollen dispersal is one trait that shows tolerance of seed set to high temperatures under the global warming. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of long anther dehiscence on high temperature tolerance. Seven chromosome segment substitution lines and the seed parent with the different dehiscence lengths were subjected to high daytime temperatures. Elongation of dehiscence formed at the base of anther (BDL) by 100 µm mitigated the occurrence of high temperature induced sterility by 20% and improved tolerance to the high temperature by 0.66 °C. Relationship between the seed set and BDL was well explained by pollination, showing that quantitative information provided in the present experiment is reliable. The information is expected to be used in estimation of global warming impact and making countermeasures for it.
Characterization of IL-10-producing neutrophils in cattle infected with Ostertagia ostertagi
Authors: Li Lei , Si Hongbin , Wu Shu-Wei , Mendez Jonatan Orangel , Zarlenga Dante , Tuo Wenbin , Xiao Zhengguo
Published: December 2019

IL-10 is a master regulator of immune responses, but its cellular source and function in cattle during the initial phase of immune priming have not been well established. Despite a massive B cell response in the abomasal draining lymph nodes inOstertagia ostertagi(OO)-infected cattle, protective immunity is slow to develop, and partial protection requires years of repeated exposure. In addressing this problem, our initial hypothesis was that B cells produce IL-10 that downregulates the host protective immune response. However, our results showed that neutrophils made up the majority of IL-10-producing cells in circulation and in secondary lymphoid tissues, particularly the spleen (80%). Conversely, IL-10-producing B cells were rare. In addition, approximately 10% to 20% of the neutrophils in the blood and spleen expressed MHC II and were IL-10 negative, suggesting that neutrophils could also participate in antigen presentation.In vitroinvestigation of bovine neutrophils revealed that exposure thereof to OO extract increased IL-10 and MHC II expression in these cells in a dose-dependent manner, consistent with IL-10+/MHC II+ neutrophils detected in cattle shortly after experimental OO infection. Co-culture of untreated neutrophils with anti-CD3 antibody (Ab)-stimulated CD4+ T cells led to enhanced T cell activation; also, IL-10 depletion with neutralizing Ab enhanced the stimulatory function of neutrophils. OO extract depressed neutrophil stimulation of CD4+ T cells in the presence of IL-10-neutralizing Ab, suggesting that OO utilizes both IL-10-dependent and independent mechanisms to manipulate the bovine immune response. Finally, contact and viability were required for T cell-stimulatory neutrophil function. This report, to the best of our knowledge, is the first to demonstrate that neutrophil-derived IL-10 is directly involved in T cell regulation in cattle. Our data suggest that neutrophils and neutrophil-derived IL-10 are co-opted by nematode parasites and other pathogens to attenuate host immune responses and facilitate pathogen survival.
Ceftriaxone modulates the acute corticosterone effects in local field potentials in the primary somatosensory cortex of anesthetized mice
Authors: Pais-Vieira Miguel , Kunicki Carolina , Peres André , Sousa Nuno
Published: December 2019

Stress responses are associated with elevations in corticosterone levels and, as a consequence, increases in glutamate in the central nervous system which can lead to neurological impairment. Ceftriaxone promotes glutamate transport and has been used to reduce glutamate toxicity, but so far it is not known whether ceftriaxone is able to reverse the effects of corticosterone administration. Here we describe the separate and combined effects of acute ceftriaxone and acute corticosterone administration in local field potentials (LFPs) recorded from the somatosensory cortex (S1) of anesthetized mice. For this, LFPs were recorded from groups of anesthetized mice injected with saline, corticosterone, ceftriaxone, or both. Comparison of global state maps, and their displacements, as measured by ratios of different frequency bands (Ratio 1: 0.5–20 Hz/0.5–45 Hz; and Ratio 2: 0.5–4.5 Hz/0.5–9 Hz) revealed distinct and opposite effects for corticosterone and for ceftriaxone. Corticosterone specifically increased the displacement in Ratio 2, while ceftriaxone decreased it; in addition, when both corticosterone and ceftriaxone were injected, Ratio 2 displacement values were again similar to those of the control group. The present results suggest that ceftriaxone and corticosterone modulate specific frequency bands in opposite directions and reveal a potential role for ceftriaxone in counteracting the effects of corticosterone.
Integrative Analysis of Axolotl Gene Expression Data from Regenerative and Wound Healing Limb Tissues
Authors: Sibai Mustafa , Parlayan Cüneyd , Tuğlu Pelin , Öztürk Gürkan , Demircan Turan
Published: December 2019

Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) is a urodele amphibian endowed with remarkable regenerative capacities manifested in scarless wound healing and restoration of amputated limbs, which makes it a powerful experimental model for regenerative biology and medicine. Previous studies have utilized microarrays and RNA-Seq technologies for detecting differentially expressed (DE) genes in different phases of the axolotl limb regeneration. However, sufficient consistency may be lacking due to statistical limitations arising from intra-laboratory analyses. This study aims to bridge such gaps by performing an integrative analysis of publicly available microarray and RNA-Seq data from axolotl limb samples having comparable study designs using the “merging” method. A total of 351 genes were found DE in regenerative samples compared to the control in data of both technologies, showing an adjusted p-value < 0.01 and log fold change magnitudes >1. Downstream analyses illustrated consistent correlations of the directionality of DE genes within and between data of both technologies, as well as concordance with the literature on regeneration related biological processes. qRT-PCR analysis validated the observed expression level differences of five of the top DE genes. Future studies may benefit from the utilized concept and approach for enhanced statistical power and robust discovery of biomarkers of regeneration.
Reversal of increased mammary tumorigenesis by valproic acid and hydralazine in offspring of dams fed high fat diet during pregnancy
Authors: Andrade F. de Oliveira , Nguyen N. M. , Warri A. , Hilakivi-Clarke L.
Published: December 2019

Maternal or paternal high fat (HF) diet can modify the epigenome in germ cells and fetal somatic cells leading to an increased susceptibility among female offspring of multiple generations to develop breast cancer. We determined if combined treatment with broad spectrum DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor hydralazine and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) will reverse this increased risk. C57BL/6 mouse dams were fed either a corn oil-based HF or control diet during pregnancy. Starting at age 7 weeks, female offspring were administered 3 doses of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) to initiate mammary cancer. After last dose, offspring started receiving VPA/hydralazine administered via drinking water: no adverse health effects were detected. VPA/hydralazine reduced mammary tumor multiplicity and lengthened tumor latency in HF offspring when compared with non-treated HF offspring. The drug combination inhibited DNMT3a protein levels and increased expression of the tumor suppressor gene Cdkn2a/p16 in mammary tumors of HF offspring. In control mice not exposed to HF diet in utero, VPA/hydralazine increased mammary tumor incidence and burden, and elevated expression of the unfolded protein response and autophagy genes, including HIF-1α, NFkB, PERK, and SQSTM1/p62. Expression of these genes was already upregulated in HF offspring prior to VPA/hydralazine treatment. These findings suggest that breast cancer prevention strategies with HDAC/DNMT inhibitors need to be individually tailored.
Rivaroxaban after Thrombolysis in Acute Iliofemoral Venous Thrombosis: A Randomized, Open-labeled, Multicenter Trial
Authors: Kang Jin Mo , Park Ki-Hyuk , Ahn Sanghyun , Cho Sungsin , Han Ahram , Lee Taeseung , Jung In Mok , Kim Jang Yong , Min Seung-Kee
Published: December 2019

Recently non-Vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) is replacing warfarin for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, the role of NOAC after thrombolysis of acute iliofeomral DVT (IFDVT) is not yet defined. This randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of rivaroxaban versus warfarin after catheter directed thrombolysis of an IFDVT. Patients with acute DVT of both the iliac and the femoral vein (n = 72) were recruited and randomized to either standard anticoagulation (enoxaparin and warfarin, n = 35) or rivaroxaban (n = 37) after successful thrombolysis or mechanical thrombectomy. Primary efficacy outcome was a recurrence of any venous thromboembolism (VTE) within 6 months. Secondary safety outcomes included major bleeding, clinically relevant non-major bleeding (CRNMB), other adverse event, and all-cause mortality. Rate of recurrent VTE were similar in both groups (11.4% versus 12.5%; p = 0.94). Major bleeding or CRNMB was less in rivaroxaban group without significance (2.9% versus 9.4%, HR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.03–2.96; p = 0.31). Recurrence-free survival and major bleeding-free survival at 6 months were not different in both groups. After thrombolysis of acute IFDVT, rivaroxaban was as safe and effective as warfarin in preventing DVT recurrence.
Physicochemical interaction of cerium oxide nanoparticles with simulated biofluids, hemoglobin, insulin, and ds-DNA at 310.15 K
Authors: Chetty Rajlakshmi , Pandya Shivani R. , Singh Man
Published: December 2019

Interaction study in cerium oxide nanoparticles with biofluids and biomolecules via physicochemical, spectroscopic and in silico analytical approaches, showing conformational change.
A Cu2O/Cu/carbon cloth as a binder-free electrode for non-enzymatic glucose sensors with high performance
Authors: Zhang Haoze , Yu Yawei , Shen Xiaodong , Hu Xiulan
Published: December 2019

An electrode prepared via potentiostatic electrochemical deposition exhibits a 60 nM detection limit and a 1 linear range of 1 to 1555 μM.
The application of hollow micro-/nanostructured cathodes for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Xiao-Hao , Lai Wei-Hong , Chou Shu-Lei
Published: December 2019

This work will open a new view for the design of hollow micro-/nanostructures used as cathodes for sodium-ion batteries, enclosing the superiority of this unique structure to enhance the electrochemical performance.
Substrate-directed chemo- and regioselective synthesis of polyfunctionalized trifluoromethylarenesviaorganocatalytic benzannulation
Authors: Ji Yan-Ling , He Xiang-Hong , Li Guo , Ai Yue-Yan , Li He-Ping , Peng Cheng , Han Bo
Published: December 2019

Highly chemo- and regioselective substrate-directed benzannulation of trisubstituted CF3-alkenes and 2-benzylidenemalononitriles or 2-nitroallylic acetates has been achievedviaMichael-initiated [4 + 2] or Rauhut–Currier-initiated [3 + 3] annulation.
The interplay of thermodynamics and kinetics: imparting hierarchical control over film formation of self-stratified blends
Authors: Rinehart Samantha J. , Yuan Guangcui , Dadmun Mark D.
Published: December 2019

Neutron reflectivity provide a thorough understanding of the balance of thermodynamic and kinetic factors that influence the stratification of spin cast polymer blend thin films, including blend composition, polymer chain length, and casting speed.
Iridium motif linked porphyrins for efficient light-driven hydrogen evolution via triplet state stabilization of porphyrin
Authors: Tritton Daniel Nnaemaka , Bodedla Govardhana Babu , Tang Geliang , Zhao Jianzhang , Kwan Chak-Shing , Leung Ken Cham-Fai , Wong Wai-Yeung , Zhu Xunjin
Published: December 2019

New iridium motif linked porphyrin TBPyZnP-Ir is developed for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) coupled with non-noble-metal cobaloxime co-catalyst.
CaCO3 nanoparticles pH-sensitively induce blood coagulation as a potential strategy for starving tumor therapy
Authors: Li Huiru , Zhang Xinyue , Lin Xilin , Zhuang Shuqiang , Wu Yan , Liu Zhong , Rong Jianhua , Zhao Jianhao
Published: December 2019

Based on the starving tumor concept, we first raised an idea that the pH-sensitive Ca2+ release of CaCO3 NPs induced blood coagulation of tumor vessels, and explored the in vitro and in vivo blood coagulation behaviors of CaCO3 NPs by acid stimulus.
Molecular conducting magnetic heterostructures
Authors: Hu Feng , Hu Yong , Huang Yulong , Li Changning , Yang Ruizhe , Ren Shenqiang
Published: December 2019

Doped quasi-two-dimensional aniline heterostructures have been achieved through interfacial assembly with impressive conductive and magnetic properties.
Fabrication of Ag–Cu2O/PANI nanocomposites for visible-light photocatalysis triggering super antibacterial activity
Authors: Ma Chengcheng , Yang Zhaoqing , Wang Wei , Zhang Mutian , Hao Xiangping , Zhu Shidong , Chen Shougang
Published: December 2019

The Ag–Cu2O/PANI (ACP) was synthesized in a facile process. ACP significantly enhances photocatalytic performance of Cu2O, exhibits a high long-term sterilization activity, has a synergistic effect of photocatalysis and bacteriostatic action.
As2S3, As2Se3 and As2Te3 nanosheets: superstretchable semiconductors with anisotropic carrier mobilities and optical properties
Authors: Mortazavi Bohayra , Shojaei Fazel , Azizi Maryam , Rabczuk Timon , Zhuang Xiaoying
Published: December 2019

Mechanical response, dynamical/thermal stability, electronic/optical properties and photocatalytic features of monoclinic As2X3 (X = S, Se and Te) nanosheets are explored via DFT simulations. As2Te3 lattice predicted by this study is found to exhibit superior superstretchability, outperforming other known 2D materials.
Efficient dendrimers based on naphthalene indenofluorene for two-photon fluorescent imaging in living cells and tissues
Authors: Hu Liwen , Zhang Guilan , Liu Yanshan , Guo Ting , Shao Longquan , Ying Lei
Published: December 2019

A dendrimer based on naphthalene indenofluorene with local excited state-dominant characteristics exhibited better two-photon fluorescent imaging in living cells and tissues.
The high thermoelectric performance of slightly Sb doped PbTe alloys
Authors: Chen Tingting , Zhang Kaiqi , Wang Hongchao , Su Wenbin , Mehmood Fahad , Wang Teng , Zhai Jinze , Wang Xue , Huo Taichang , Wang Chunlei
Published: December 2019

The peak zT value of 1.1 has achieved for Pb0.995Sb0.005Te alloy at 723 K, which is comparable with the Sb doped PbTe alloys with higher doping concentration.
A self-calibrating phosphorescent polymeric probe for measuring pH fluctuations in subcellular organelles and the zebrafish digestive tract
Authors: Chen Zejing , Meng Xiangchun , Xie Mingjuan , Shi Yuxiang , Zou Liang , Guo Song , Jiang Jiayang , Liu Shujuan , Zhao Qiang
Published: December 2019

A ratiometric phosphorescent probe,P-pH, was developed to determine the pHin vitroandin vivo viaratiometric photoluminescence imaging and photoluminescence lifetime imaging.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Risk of Mortality in Patients with Venous Thromboembolism—The Tromsø Study
Authors: Børvik Trond , Brækkan Sigrid K. , Evensen Line H. , Brodin Ellen E. , Morelli Vania M. , Melbye Hasse , Hansen John-Bjarne
Published: December 2019

Background Previous studies have shown increased mortality in venous thromboembolism (VTE) patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but it is unknown to what extent the association is influenced by the severity of COPD and physical inactivity.

Objectives This article investigates whether COPD, and stages of COPD, influenced the risk of mortality after a first episode of VTE when physical inactivity was taken into account.

Methods Patients with a first lifetime VTE (n = 256) were recruited among individuals who participated and performed spirometry in the fifth (2001–2002) and sixth (2007–2008) surveys of the Tromsø Study (n = 9577). All-cause mortality was registered up to December 31, 2015.

Results There were 123 deaths during a median of 2.9 years of follow-up. The overall mortality rate was 11.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] 10.0–14.2) per 100 person-years. The risk of death was twofold higher in COPD patients compared with those with normal airflow (hazard ratio [HR] 2.00, 95% CI 1.30–3.08) after multivariable adjustment. The risk of death increased with the severity of COPD. VTE patients with COPD stage III/IV had a fivefold increased risk of death (HR 5.20, 95% CI 2.65–10.2) compared with those without COPD, and 50% of these patients died within 3.5 months after the incident VTE event. Adjustment for physical inactivity had minor effect on the risk estimates.

Conclusion VTE patients with COPD had increased risk of death, particularly patients with severe COPD. The detrimental effect of COPD on mortality in VTE patients was apparently explained by factors other than physical inactivity among patients with COPD.
A Multifaceted Surgical Site Infection Prevention Bundle for Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Scholz Robert , Smith Becky A. , Adams Marci G. , Shah Mona , Brudner Corrinna , Datta Avisek , Hirsch Emmet
Published: December 2019

Objective Surgical site infections (SSI, including wound infections, endometritis, pelvic abscess, and sepsis) may complicate cesarean section (C/S). We report outcomes before and after the introduction of an SSI prevention bundle that did not include antibiotics beyond routine prophylaxis (cefazolin, or gentamicin/clindamycin for penicillin-allergic patients).

Study Design The prevention bundle was introduced following an increase in C/S-associated SSI, which itself was associated with an institutional switch in preoperative scrub from povidone-iodine to chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG)/isopropanol. Components of the bundle included: (1) full-body preoperative wash with 4% CHG cloths; (2) retraining on surgeon hand scrub; (3) retraining for surgical prep; and (4) patient education regarding wound care. Patients delivered by C/S at ≥24 weeks of gestation were segregated into four epochs over 7 years: (1) baseline (18 months when povidone-iodine was used); (2) CHG scrub (18 months after skin prep was switched to CHG); (3) bundle implementation (24 months); and (4) maintenance (24 months following implementation).

Results A total of 3,637 patients were included (n = 667, 796, 1098, and 1076, respectively, in epochs 1–4). A rise in SSI occurred with the institutional switch from povidone-iodine to CHG (i.e., from baseline to the CHG scrub epoch, 8.4–13.3%, p < 0.01). Following the intervention (maintenance epoch), this rate decreased to below baseline values (to 4.5%, p < 0.01), attributable to a decline in wound infection (rates in the above three epochs 6.9, 12.9, and 3.5%, respectively, p < 0.01), with no change in endometritis. In multivariable analysis, only epoch and body mass index (BMI) were independently associated with SSI. The improvement associated with the prevention bundle held for stratified analysis of specific risk factors such as chorioamnionitis, prior C/S, obesity, labor induction, and diabetes.

Conclusion Implementation of a prevention bundle was associated with a reduction in post-C/S SSI. This improvement was achieved without the use of antibiotics beyond standard preoperative dosing.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Compared to Other Anatomical Sites in a Real-World Setting: Importance of Surgical Therapy for Facial Tumors
Authors: Heppt Markus V. , Kirchberger Michael C. , Schuler Gerold , Berking Carola , Heinzerling Lucie
Published: December 2019

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine skin tumor with a high propensity for nodal involvement, local recurrence, and distant metastases. Up to 50% of MCC arises on head and neck (HN), which may impede oncological treatment due to insufficiently wide excisions and a lower rate of sentinel lymph node detection due to more complicated lymph drainage. Several studies have compared the clinical outcome of HN-MCC with those of non-head and neck (NHN) MCC yielding inconsistent results. This single-center, retrospective analysis compared the clinical outcome of 26 HN-MCC patients with 30 NHN-MCC patients. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated with the Kaplan–Meier method assuming proportional hazards. The mean resection margins were 1.6 and 2.0 cm for the HN and NHN cohort, respectively. Local relapses were more frequently observed in patients with HN-MCC (19 vs. 10%). Patients with HN-MCC had a median OS of 4.3 years compared with 7.5 years in patients with NHN-MCC (p = 0.277). The median OS by tumor stage was 11, 3, 2, and 3 years in stage I, II, III, and IV disease, respectively (p = 0.009). The median DFS in HN-MCC was 10 years and not reached in the cohort with NHN-MCC patients (p = 0.939). Our data suggest a trend toward poorer outcomes of HN-MCC compared with NHN-MCC. Patients with MCC on the head and neck carry a higher risk for local relapse, requiring resolute surgical treatment also in facial localizations at early stages.
Subchorionic Hematomas and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes among Twin Pregnancies
Authors: Naqvi Mariam , Naert Mackenzie N. , Khadraoui Hanaa , Rodriguez Alberto M. , Namath Amalia G. , Ali Munira , Fox Nathan S.
Published: December 2019

Objective This study estimates the association of a first trimester finding of subchorionic hematoma (SCH) with third trimester adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with twin pregnancies.

Study Design Retrospective cohort study of twin pregnancies prior to 14 weeks at a single institution from 2005 to 2019, all of whom had a first trimester ultrasound. We excluded monoamniotic twins, fetal anomalies, history of fetal reduction or spontaneous reduction, and twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. Ultrasound data were reviewed, and we compared pregnancy outcomes after 24 weeks in women with and without a SCH at their initial ultrasound 60/7 to 136/7 weeks. Regression analysis was used to control for any differences in baseline characteristics.

Results A total of 760 women with twin pregnancies met inclusion criteria for the study, 68 (8.9%) of whom had a SCH. Women with SCH were more likely to have vaginal bleeding and had their initial ultrasound at earlier gestational ages. On univariate analysis, SCH was not significantly associated with gestational age at delivery, preterm birth, birthweight of either twin, low birthweight percentiles of either twin, fetal demise, or preeclampsia. SCH was associated with placental abruption on univariate analysis, but not after controlling for vaginal bleeding and gestational age at the time of the initial ultrasound (adjusted odds ratio: 2.00, 95% confidence interval: 0.63–6.42). Among women with SCH, SCH size was not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusion In women with twin pregnancies, the finding of a first trimester SCH is not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes >24 weeks.
Functional Outcomes after Corrective Osteotomy of Symptomatic Distal Radius Malunions in Children
Authors: Selles C. A. , Mulders M. A. M. , Roukema G. R. , van der Vlies C. H. , Cleffken B. I. , Verhofstad M. H. J. , Schep N. W. L.
Published: December 2019

Background Closed reduction and cast immobilization of displaced distal radius fractures carries the risk of secondary displacement, which could result in a symptomatic malunion. In patients with a symptomatic malunion, a corrective osteotomy can be performed to improve pain and functional impairment of the wrist joint.

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the functional outcomes of children who underwent a corrective osteotomy due to a symptomatic malunion of the distal radius.

Methods Between 2009 and 2016, all consecutive corrective osteotomies of the distal radius of patients younger than 18 years were reviewed. The primary outcome was functional outcome assessed with the ABILHAND-Kids score. Secondary outcomes were QuickDASH (Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand) score, range of motion, complications, and radiological outcomes.

Results A total of 13 patients with a median age of 13 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 12.5–16) were included. The median time to follow-up was 31 months (IQR: 26–51). The median ABILHAND-Kids score was 42 (range: 37–42), and the median QuickDASH was 0 (range: 0–39). Range of motion did not differ significantly between the injured and the uninjured sides for all parameters. One patient had a nonunion requiring additional operative treatment. The postoperative radiological parameters showed an improvement of radial inclination, radial height, ulnar variance, dorsal tilt, and dorsal tilt.

Conclusion Corrective osteotomy for children is an effective method for treating symptomatic malunions of the distal radius.

Level of Evidence This is a Level IV study.
Minimally Invasive Wireless Spinal Cord Stimulation: A Novel Approach for Refractory Angina in Women
Authors: Vannemreddy Prasad S. S. V. , Perryman Laura Tyler , Janaswamy Jyotsna , Slavin Konstantin V.
Published: December 2019

Refractory angina (RA) persists even after thorough treatment for coronary artery disease. In such difficult situations, neuromodulation offers effective alternative management. One such minimally invasive procedure is spinal cord stimulation (SCS), a rapidly evolving therapy in the treatment of pain management. SCS has been in use to control RA and in some reports exhibited beneficiary results. However, several equipment-related complications have been reported, mainly attributed to the bulky implant material and the implantable pulse generator.

Recent advancements in minimally invasive surgical methods and electronics resulted in implantable electrode coupled with nanotechnology-operated antenna. This is the smallest pulse generator in the field of neuromodulation at present.

The equipment in this minimalistic approach involved percutaneous implantation of a single electrode (with embedded microelectronic sensors) at the required anatomical location, operated by means of wireless antenna placed in the vicinity of the implant and moderated by both the patient as well as the clinician. The advantage with the nanoeletrode stimulation include reduced surgical trauma/health care costs/surgical duration and improved cosmetic result, especially in women.

This minimalistic wireless neuromodulation (WNM) has been successful in the management of chronic pain in failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), herpetic neuralgia, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), and facial pain. SCS with WNM could increase the indications in RA and possibly improves the outcome of these patients.
Magnetic properties and spin-orbit-torque-induced magnetization switching in Ta/MnGa grown on Cr and NiAl buffer layers
Authors: Yamanouchi Michihiko , Bao Nguyen Viet , Shimohashi Fumiaki , Jono Kohey , Inoue Masaki , Uemura Tetsuya
Published: December 2019

We investigate the magnetic properties and spin-orbit-torque-induced (SOT-induced) magnetization switching in Ta/MnGa/Cr and Ta/MnGa/NiAl structures. Out-of-plane hysteresis loops for the Ta/MnGa/Cr (NiAl) structures are skewed (square). In-plane currents I are applied to Hall devices made of structures exposed to in-plane magnetic fields Hin along the channel direction. Clear asymmetric magnetization switching with respect to the polarity of I and Hin is detected for the Ta/MnGa/NiAl device. Similar asymmetric magnetization switching is observed for the Ta/MnGa/Cr device, although the magnetization is partially switched regardless of the polarity of I and Hin. These results suggest that an in-plane magnetization component opposite to Hin is present in the Cr-buffer structure and that the formation of such a component is suppressed in the NiAl-buffer structure.
Detection of elemental magnetization reversal events in a micro-patterned Nd-Fe-B hot-deformed magnet
Authors: Yomogita Takahiro , Kikuchi Nobuaki , Okamoto Satoshi , Kitakami Osamu , Sepehri-Amin Hossein , Ohkubo Tadakatsu , Hono Kazuhiro , Hioki Keiko , Hattori Atsushi
Published: December 2019

Magnetization reversal in a permanent magnet takes place through multiple and simultaneous events of nucleation and domain wall depinning. Thus, detection and analysis of elemental magnetization reversal events are essentially important to understand the coercivity mechanism of a permanent magnet. In this study, we have fabricated a micro-patterned Nd-Fe-B hot-deformed magnet using mechanical polishing and focused ion beam, and anomalous Hall effect (AHE) detection has been adopted to measure the magnetization reversal of the sample. During the micro-patterning process, the degradation of magnetic property is carefully evaluated. Consequently, the micro-patterned Nd-Fe-B hot-deformed magnet with the thick of 5 μm and the width of 13 μm is fabricated, and subsequently, the discrete steps on the AHE curve are successfully detected. The magnetization reversal unit size estimated from the step height is ∼1 μm2, which is almost the same as observed in the magneto-optical Kerr microscopy. We have clearly demonstrated that this technique has significant potential to study the physical nature of elemental magnetization reversal events in permanent magnets.
Spontaneous formation of chaotic protrusions in a polymerizing active gel layer
Authors: Levernier N , Kruse K
Published: December 2019

The actin cortex is a thin layer of actin filaments and myosin motors beneath the outer membrane of animal cells. It determines the cells’ mechanical properties and forms important morphological structures. Physical descriptions of the cortex as a contractile active gel suggest that these structures can result from dynamic instabilities. However, in these analyses the cortex is described as a two-dimensional layer. Here, we show that the dynamics of the cortex is qualitatively different when gel fluxes in the direction perpendicular to the membrane are taken into account. In particular, an isotropic cortex is then stable for arbitrarily large active stresses. If lateral contractility exceeds vertical contractility, the system can either from protrusions with an apparently chaotic dynamics or a periodic static pattern of protrusions.
Photometrically estimating the spatially-resolved stellar mass-to-light ratios for low-redshift galaxies
Authors: Du Cheng , Li Niu , Li Cheng
Published: December 2019

The stellar mass-to-light ratio (M
*/L) of galaxies in a given wave band shows tight correlations with optical colors, which have been widely applied as cheap estimators of galaxy stellar masses. These estimators are usually calibrated using either broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs) or spectroscopy at galactic centers. However, it is unclear whether the same estimators provide unbiased M
*/L for different regions within a galaxy. In this work we employ integral field spectroscopy from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey. We also examine the correlations of spatially resolved M
*/L obtained from full spectral fitting, with different color indices, as well as galaxy morphology types, distances to the galactic center, and stellar population parameters such as stellar age and metallicity. We find that the (g − r) color is better than any other color indices, and it provides almost unbiased M
*/L for all the SDSS five bands and for all types of galaxies or regions, with only slight biases depending on stellar age and metallicity. Our analysis indicates that combining multiple colors and/or including other properties to reduce the systematics and scatters of the estimator does not work better than a single color index defined by two bands. Therefore, we have obtained a best estimator with the (g − r) color and applied it to the MaNGA galaxies. Both the two-dimensional map and radial profile of M
*/L are reproduced well in most cases. Our estimator may be applied to obtain surface mass density maps for large samples of galaxies from imaging surveys at both low and high redshifts.
A diagnostic of the orbital spectrum of LS 5039 with Fermi-LAT
Authors: Chang Zhi , Zhang Shu , Chen Yu-Peng , Ji Long , Kong Ling-Da
Published: December 2019

LS 5039 is a well-known γ-ray binary system which consists of an unknown compact object and a massive companion O star. It shows rather stable emissions at high energies over years and hence serves as an ideal laboratory to investigate the emission mechanism for such peculiar systems which emit prominent γ-rays. To this end, we take the orbital phase resolved energy spectrum as observed by Fermi-LAT over 10 years. We divide the orbit into four orbital phases, each with an orbital phase range of 0.25, centered at 0.00, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 respectively, where the phase 0.0 is the periastron and phase 0.5 is the apastron. The phases around 0.25 and 0.75 are symmetric and hence are supposed to have identical local acceleration environment. The spectral analysis shows that the Fermi-LAT spectra are largely different from these two symmetric orbital phases: the emission from orbital phase 0.25 turns out to be significantly stronger than that from 0.75. This result does not fit a scenario that γ-rays are Doppler boosted emission from bow shock tails if LS 5039 has a shock configuration similar to PSR B1259-63, and indicates that the inverse Compton scatterings between the shock accelerated plasma and the stellar particle environment is the underline procedure. We also find that the previous report for a disappearance of the orbital modulation at 3–20 GeV is due to the similar spectral turn-over energies of the different orbital phases. The spectral properties of periastron and apastron regions are addressed in the context of the measurements in phase regions around 0.25 and 0.75.
Probing star formation and feedback using CCOSMA and archival data in the CFG028.68–0.28 quasi-sinusoidal filament
Authors: Xu Jin-Long , Stutzki Jürgen , Wu Yuefang , Guan Xin , Wang Jun-Jie , Miller M. , Chen Yang , Qin Sheng-Li , Wang Jun-Zhi , Ning Chang-Chun , Danzengluobu  , Chen Tian-Lu , Yu Nai-Ping , Zhang Chuan-Peng , Liu Xiao-Lan , Li Jian-Bin , Jacobs Karl , Graf Urs U. , Xu Gang , Li Nan , Zhang Guo-Yin , Wu Qi
Published: December 2019

We have performed a multi-wavelength study toward a quasi-sinusoidal filament (CFG028.68–0.28). A new large-scale 12CO J = 3 – 2 map was obtained from the China-Cologne Observation for SubMillimeter Astronomy (CCOSMA) 3m radio telescope. Based on the ATLASGAL catalog, we have identified 27 dust clumps in the filament. Through the relationship between the mass and radius of these clumps, 67% of these clumps are dense and massive enough to potentially form massive stars. The obtained CFE is ∼11% in the filament. The filament has a linear mass density of ∼305 M
⊙ pc−1, which is smaller than its critical mass to length ratio. This suggests that the external pressure from the neighboring H ii regions may help prevent the filament from dispersing under the effects of turbulence. Comparing the energy injection from outflows and H ii regions in the filament, the ionization feedback from the H ii regions can help maintain the observed turbulence.
Estimation of the elastic thickness over ancient Mare Moscoviense
Authors: Zhong Zhen , Yan Jian-Guo , Zhang Teng , Xiao Zhi-Yong , Palmero Rodriguez Jose Alexis
Published: December 2019

The Moscoviense basin is an atypical lunar impact basin with concentric rings of positive and negative gravity anomalies. This basin can provide insights into the inhomogeneous thermal activities across the farside of the Moon. Based on an updated spherical harmonic thin elastic-shell loading model, we used localized admittance analyses to estimate the elastic thickness as well as other associated selenophysical parameters for the Moscoviense basin. The high precision gravity and topography data employed in our estimation were collected by the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory and the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter missions. Our results indicate that the crust-mantle interface is mainly compensated by the prefilling depth rather than the observed surface topography. The results constrained within two standard deviations yielded a small load ratio (∼0.168), a best-fit crustal thickness of 36.2 km, and an optimized crustal density of 3159.5 kg m−3. Such large density approaches the density of olivine-rich mantle materials, implying that the excavation of the Mare Moscoviense occurred during a basin-forming impact. The inversed elastic thickness at Mare Moscoviense was around 18 km, lower than the previous results (∼60 km) found over Mare basins on the lunar nearside. These results indicate that extreme thermal activity existed during the Moscoviense basin-forming period such as reheating mechanisms from a double-impact process and mare volcanism.
Seasonal tropospheric cooling in Northeast China associated with cropland expansion
Authors: He Yaqian , Lee Eungul , Mankin Justin S
Published: December 2019

Large-scale agricultural expansion can influence near-surface climate by altering surface energy fluxes, water, and albedo. It is less clear whether such effects extend through the full troposphere and how such effects vary in time. Here we use a novel dataset documenting the massive land use and land cover change due to agricultural expansion in Northeast China from 1982 to 2010 to assess how such expansion has influenced climate over the full troposphere. Confronting our land classification and climate data with a number of statistical approaches (linear regression, correlation analysis, Granger-causality), we find that cropland significantly increased by ∼28% over the near 30 year period in Northeast China-an average rate of nearly a percentage per year. This massive 30 year agricultural expansion is tightly associated with near-surface cooling identified in station data during the late growing season (August to September). Assuming no cropland expansion over the 30 year period, surface temperature would have increased by 0.93 °C ± 0.4 °C. Furthermore, the fingerprint of cropland-associated cooling extends upward into the atmospheric column, influencing the vertical structure of the regional troposphere and potentially its circulation. For every 10 percentage points increase in cropland fraction over Northeast China, regional full-troposphere temperature and geopotential height significantly decrease by 0.2 °C–0.6 °C and 20 m–80 m, respectively. These observed relationships are remarkably coherent across datasets, methodological choices, atmospheric levels, and theory, suggesting that the observational effects we identify are robust and imply the possibility of detectable land use change effects on regional circulation, with potential consequences for the East Asian monsoon.
The effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer applications on N, P-uptake, K-uptake and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)
Authors: Sofyan E T , Sara D S , Machfud Y
Published: December 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of organic fertilizer (i.e. cow manure) and inorganic fertilizer application on nutrient uptake and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt). Inceptisols possesses low soil fertility and relatively low to moderate level of organic matter content. Application of organic fertilizer in combination with inorganic fertilizers is expected to increase N, P and K uptake and yield of sweet corn. This study has been conducted from October 2018 to February 2019 at the Field Experiment of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java. The study was performed in a Randomized Block Design consisting of 10 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were as follow: A = Control, B = Standard NPK, C = 0 NPK + 1 organic fertilizer, D = ¼ NPK + 1 organic fertilizer, E = ½ NPK + 1 organic fertilizer, F = ¾ NPK + 1 organic fertilizer, G = 1 NPK + 1 organic fertilizer, H = ¾ NPK + ¼ organic fertilizer, I = ¾ NPK + ½ organic fertilizer and J = ¾ NPK + ¾ organic fertilizer. The results showed that the treatment I (¾ NPK + ½ organic fertilizer) resulted the highest N, P and K uptake, i.e. 52.11 mg plant−1; 80.85 mg plant−1 and 54.17 mg plant−1, respectively and the heaviest weight of sweet corn of 400.15 g.
Growth performance and metal concentration of rice (Oryza sativa l.) grown in three different soils amended with fly ash
Authors: Priatmadi B J , Septiana M , Saidy A R
Published: December 2019

Fly-ash is largely alkaline in nature and contains many essential elements for plant growth along with toxic metals. Therefore, fly-ash is frequently applied for improving soil fertility. In this experiment, we studied growth performance of rice grown in three different soils (swampland, peatland, and irrigated-rice soils) amended with 20 ton fly-ash per hectare in the green-house experiment. The concentrations of metals in rice straw and grain were also measured at the end of the experiment. Result of soil analyses showed that the most distinctive property of soils used this experiment was the content of organic carbon (OC). The experiment also showed that fly-ash application significantly increased the number of rice tiller and dried-rice straw weight in peatland soils and rice production in swampland and peatland soils. Concentrations of aluminium (Al), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) in the rice straw and grain of peatland soil were not influenced by fly-ash application. Results obtained in this study suggest that the effect of low level of fly-ash application on the growth performance and toxic element concentrations of rice cultivated in different soils is controlled by the OC contents of those soils.
Abundance and diversity of soil mesofauna under tillage system in maize plantation at Ultisols soil
Authors: Niswati A , Pangaribuan Y A L D J , Lumbanraja J , Arif M A S
Published: December 2019

Intensification land use with the conventional tillage can bring effects in the soil biodiversity. One of important organisms in soil is soil mesofauna that has an important role in decomposition of organic matter. This research aimed to study the effect of minimum tillage and full tillage on the abundance and diversity of soil meso fauna. The treatments were consisted of soil tillage (minimum tillage and full tillage) and herbicide (with and without herbicide Glifosat 2,4-D) with four replications. The location of this research have soil organic-C and total-N classified in the low criteria. The results show that the application of minimum tillage to prepare maize plantation reached significantly lowest abundance of soil mesofauna compared to full tillage in vegetative phase of maize sampling, however it was not significantly different between minimum tillage and full tillage if it combined with herbicide. Diversity index in full tillage were significantly higher that that in minimum tillage, on the contrary, the dominance index of soil mesofauna were not significantly different between tillage system. On the generative phase, there were no differences on the abundances of soil mesofauna between tillage sistem. There were three dominant mesofauna orders, namely Acarina, Collembola, and Diplopod.
Dynamics of nitrogen nutrients in lowland soils with some irrigation conditions to increase rice crop productivity
Authors: Annisa W , Sosiawan H
Published: December 2019

The level of water management influenced the efficiency of N-Urea fertilization for rice plants because rice plants could utilize only about 30-40% of the N fertilizer and the rest would be lost. The use of 15N isotope was one method to predict the movement of nitrogen from fertilizers. The objectives of this study were to study the dynamics of N nutrients in soil and plants with N-isotopes and to calculate the efficiency of water use in upland rice plants. This study used a Split Plot Design with the first factor level of water management and the second was N dose level. The N fertilizer was Urea fertilizer which was given an N15 tracer. P and K doses were determined based on soil nutrient status. The rice plants were Situpatenggang and DT15 Batan. The results of the study showed that soil water management with conventional irrigation was significantly better than cut irrigation. The maximum dose of N fertilizer in interrupted irrigation was reached at a dose of 228 kg/ha, and conventional irrigation doses reached 180 kg N/ha. Whereas the maximum dosage of N fertilizer in interrupted irrigation treatment was 198 kg/ha and conventional irrigation treatment was 159 kg N/ha.