bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide characterization of respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) in soybean [(glycine max l. Merr.)]
Authors: Quang Ong Dang , Thao Nguyen Phuong
Published: July 2020

Plant respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs), also known as NADPH oxidase (NOX) have involved as a key producers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a wide range of biological processes, including plant growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. In this work, a total 17 soybean RBOH encoding genes (GmRBOHs) were identified. Furthermore, their domain architecture, chromosomal distribution, gene structure, gene duplication, and phylogenetic analysis were carried out. Phylogenetic tree divided the RBOHs from soybean, another legume plants (Phaseolus vulgaris), and Arabidopsis into six subfamilies, with soybean RBOH genes distributed in subfamily I to VI. All RBOH proteins of soybean contained four major domains, which focused on EF-hands domains with Ca2+-binding residues provided more insights into function of RBOH proteins in soybean. The differential expression pattern using RNA-seq of 17 RBOH genes in soybean indicated that most of the genes express in root and nodule; among them, GmRboh9 and GmRboh12 have the highest expression. The analysis presented provides a scientific basis for further research on function of RBOH genes in soybean.
Classification and characterization of endophytic actinomycetes isolated from cinnamomum cassia presl
Authors: Hanh Nguyen Vu Thi , Son Chu Ky , Tien Phi Quyet
Published: July 2020

Currently, antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria is a significant clinical problem with the increase of deseases and a serious public health concern. Thus, the identification of new antimicrobial agents, especially the secondary metabolites products by endophytic actinobacteria from medical plants could be promising sources of biologically active compounds in medical fields. This study focused on identification and evaluation of antimicrobial activity against pathogens; genes involved in their secondary metabolisms, and screening of anthracycline producing capacity (mainly presented in anti-cancer antibiotics) of YBQ75 isolated from Cinnamomum cassia Presl. plants in Yen Bai province. Based on manual of bacterial classification, method in International Streptomyces Project (ISP) and the 16S rRNA gene sequence (GenBank Acc. No. KR814822), the endophytic actinomycetes YBQ75 was named Streptomyces cavourensis YBQ75 with 100% identity. The strain S. cavourensis YBQ75 showed the remarkable antibacterial activities against 5 tested pathogens (Salmonella enterica ATCC 14028 (22.0 mm); Pseudomonas aeruginosa CNLM (19.3 mm); Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 (19.3 mm); Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 (17.7 mm) and Proteus vulgaris CNLM (16.3 mm)) in the total of 9 tested pathogens. The detection of genes involved in antibiotic synthesis indicated that the strain S. cavourensis YBQ75 consists of all three genes related to antibiotic synthesis including polyketide synthase (pks-I) type I, polyketide synthase type II (pks-II) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (nrps). Premarilly result showed that the strain S. cavourensis YBQ75 also present as an anthracycline productive actinomycetes. The resutls demonstrated that the endophytic actinomycetes S. cavourensis YBQ75 from medical plants could be promising sources for the production of antibiotics and anthracycline anticancer compounds.
Variation and diversity of genus microcystis in the water environment of the Nui Coc reservoir, Thai Nguyen province
Authors: Thuỷ Dương Thị , Phương Quỳnh Lê Thị
Published: July 2020

The Nui Coc reservoir, Thai Nguyen province was built on the Cong River for multi-purposes of providing water for local people such as agricultural irrigation, aquaculture, tourism activities and especially the drinking water supply for the Thai Nguyen city and other surrounding areas. This paper presents the results of the monthly surveys which were conducted during the year 2011 for determination of diversity of Microcytis and the microcystin contents in the isolated Microcystis strains in the water environment of the Nui Coc reservoir. The present results showed that eight species of Microcytis genus of which Microcystis aeruginosa in the water environment of the Nui Coc reservoir was the most abudance. The Microcystis cell density of the Nui Coc reservoir varied seasonally and the highest values were observed in high temperature in the rainy season. The results from the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that the microcystin contents in the isolated Microcystis strains from the Nui Coc reservoir ranged from 0.116 to 0.40 µg MC/mg dried mass. The high cell density of Microcystis and high microcystin concentrations in the isolated Microcystis strains from the Nui Coc reservoir revealed the potential risk for human health. The results also highlighted that it is very necessary and urgent to carry out regular monitoring programs for detecting the occurrence of cyanobacteria and phytoplankton in the water environment of the Nui Coc reservoir in order to timely warn the potential risk of cyanobacteria boom and the adverse impacts on the aquatic ecosystem and especially on human health.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE kdr MUTATIONS IN VGSC GENE OF THE DENGUE MOSQUITOES AEDES ALBOPICTUS COLLECTED FROM HANOI AND HAIPHONG
Authors: Kim Lien Nguyen Thi , Hien Nguyen Thu , Hoang Nguyen Huy , Hong Ngoc Nguyen Thi , Huong Binh Nguyen Thi
Published: July 2020

Vietnam is one of the countries that is affected by dengue fever in Southeast Asia. The dengue epidemic is becoming increasingly more complex so it is necessary to have a well control to vectors in order to limit the spread of the disease. The Aedes albopictus mosquito is determined as one of the two major vectors that transmitted the dengue. Recent research shows that A. albopictus is present in some parts of Hanoi and Haiphong. In order to control the vector as well as the disease, it is necessary to understand the level of resistance and the resistance mechanism of the vector. Two important resistance mechanisms of insect were known as the mutations in the target protein of the insecticides and enhancing the activity of enzymes that participate in the resolution of the insecticides. In this study, the mosquito samples were collected from Hanoi and Haiphong to identify the level of resistance and detect the knock down resistance mutations in voltage gated sodium channel (VGSC) in membrane of nervecell of mosquito. The results of insecticide susceptibility test showed that A. albopictus in Hanoi and Haiphong were still sensitive to organophosphate but resistant to DDT, carbamate and pyrethroid. Ser989Pro, Ile1011Met, Val1016Gly and Phe1534Cys mutations were not deteced in A. albopictus in Hanoi and Haiphong. However, we detected a novel mutation Tyr986His in VGSC protein.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE ETHANOL PRODUCTION OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE D8 BY THE RANDOM MUTAGENESIS
Authors: Le Thuong Hoang Thi , Thuy Tran Thi , Hao Nguyen Quang
Published: July 2020

Saccharomy cescerevisiae D8 isolated from Queen pineapple extract and selected for high ethanol fermentation activity (12.37% v/v ethanol concentration in fermentation media with a total sugar content of 200 g/L) has been reported previously (Hoang Thi Le Thuong et al., 2017). In this paper, the strain was subjected to random mutagenesis by N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) and ultraviolet (UV) in order to enhance its ethanol fermentation. The results showed that 1% NTG was more lethal than UV (260 nm, 50 V) to S. cerevisiae D8 at the same time of treatment. The combination of NTG and UV was found to increase the mortality of S. cerevisiae D8. Surviving cells after treatment with NTG and UV combination were identified for ethanol fermentation. Thirteen clones were cabable of fermenting higher ethanol concentration than S. cerevisiae D8 was. Especially, mutant clone NU 120.4 was able to ferment glucose up to the highest ethanol concentration (22% higher than that of S. cerevisiae D8). This mutant clone also showed more tolerant to high ethanol and sugar concentrations in the fermentation medium than that of S. cerevisiae D8. The ethanol fermentation of this mutant was relatively stable in Queen pineapple extract (ethanol concentration of about 15.07 ± 0.12%) and the yield of ethanol fermentation was 92.62 ± 0.2%, while S. cerevisiae D8 gained maximum alcohol concentration of 12.37 ± 0.2%. In the context of the availability of pineapple used as primary source of food processing in Vietnam nowadays, these results showed a potential application of this mutant clone NU 120.4 in brandy production from pineapple extract.
SIZE EFFECT OF COPPER NANOPARTICALS ON MICROCYSTIS AERUGINOSA
Authors: Kien Nguyen Trung , Thu Huong Tran Thi , Chau Nguyen Hoai , Kim Dang Dinh , Thuy Duong Thi
Published: July 2020

Cyanobacterial and toxins produced in cyanobacterial water blooms cause serious environmental problems which effects on freshwater ecosystems. The use of nanomaterials to control algal blooms is a new potential way for practical application due to its antibacterial as well as distinct physicochemical properties of nanomaterials. The particle size is one of the most determinant characteristics creating the different between nanomaterials and their larger bulk counterparts. However, size-dependent toxicity of nanoparticles has remained largely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate effect of three different nanoparticle sizes (d ≤ 10 nm; 30 nm ≤ d ≤ 40 nm and d ≥ 50 nm) on toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa. The copper nanoparticles were synthesized by electrochemical method and coated with chitosan to enhance the stability of materials in the water environment. The copper nanoparticle concentrations selected for toxic test were range from 0 (control); 0,01ppm; 0,05ppm; 0,1 ppm; 1ppm and 5 ppm. After ten days of experiment, the growth of M. aeruginosa was mainly affected at concentrations of 1 ppm and 5 ppm and there are no differences in inhibition between the particle sizes with efficiency of more than 80% in comparison to control. The highest toxicity of copper nanoparticles in M. aeruginosa was observed at particle size of 30 nm ≤ d ≤ 40 nm with EC50 = 0,73 ppm, which was respectively three to seven times less than the particle sizes of d ≥ 50 nm (EC50 = 2,62 ppm) and d ≤ 10nm (EC50 = 5,02 ppm) at the same time.
Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa pada Materi Peluang Berdasarkan Self-Regulated Learning (S-RL)
Authors: Azizah Azizah , Maimunah Maimunah , Roza Yenita
Published: July 2020

This is a case study to describe students' mathematical problem-solving abilities based on the level of independent learning on the probability chapter. The research subjects were ten students of MAN 1 Indragiri Hilir consist of two students for each level, which were very low, low, medium, high, and very high. Data collection uses problem-solving tests, questionnaires, and unstructured interviews. The results of Polya's problem-solving on the probability chapter are the high category for very high independence learner, the medium category for high and medium independence learner, and the low category for low and very low independence learner. The step of Polya's problem-solving which is not done optimally by each student of independent learning is verification (look back) the process and answer the question.
Kemampuan Metakognitif dan Komunikasi Matematis dalam Pemecahan Masalah Matematika
Authors: Sutini Sutini
Published: July 2020

This descriptive qualitative study aims to describe the metacognitive and communicative abilities of the third-semester students of Mathematics Education of UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya. Forty students were given a test consists of 2 essay problems of number theory. Three of the answer sheets that each one representing students with high, medium, and low scores were analyzed. Findings show that the students' ability in both aspect are unsatisfactory regardless of their different scores. They are don't show their understanding of the concepts and principles of number theories, some of them still use mathematical terms and notes, and the majority still have the wrong calculation because they not use the complete and correct algorithm. The students' ability in mathematical communication is poor because they can't write the correct mathematical symbols and can't put the mathematical ideas in an acceptable, logical order. They have written the answers that seem to the right answers, but the arrangement of the answers is irrational and jumping, resulting in the answers in low comprehensibility.
Pengaruh Kecerdasan Logika Matematika Terhadap Disposisi Matematis Siswa
Authors: Maemanah Anah , Winarso Widodo
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the influence of logic smart on students' mathematical dispositions. The method is quantitative with ex post facto approach — the population of class XI MIPA MAN 2 Cirebon and three samples taken by random sampling. Data collection uses logic smart tests and questionnaires was then analyzed using a simple regression test. Analysis and interpretation of data show that logic smart of students at coherent level with the average value is 65.93 and 57%, mathematical disposition of students is at a high level with a percentage of the average indicator value is 70%, and there is a significant influence between logic smart with the mathematical disposition of 63.2% and a significance value of 0.00<0.05. So, the teacher should improve the logic of smart students through logical thinking, as well as counting ability accompanied by observations to solve mathematical problems because it has implications for the ability of students' mathematical dispositions.
Pengembangan Alper Silabu pada Materi Bilangan Bulat Kelas IV
Authors: Yudhautama Laurentius Pradipta , Ratu Novisita
Published: July 2020

This study imns to teach the concept of integer addition and subtract operations in elementary schools by using ALPER SILABU. Using the ADDIE model consists of five phase (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) to develop ALPER SILABU. ALPER SILABU has gone through tests of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The results of ALPER SILABU validity obtained 97.6%, which means the media is valid. In practicality, the results of the study obtained 93.3% toal score which means the media is practical. The results of the field trials obtained an N-Gain score of 0.81 which is in the high category. The N-Gain results show that effective ALPER SILABU increases the understanding of students' concepts of integer addition and subtraction operations. Thus, the results of ALPER SILABU for teaching the concepts of addition operations and reduction in mathematical integers are valid, practical, and effective.
Kesalahan Konstruksi Konsep Mahasiswa pada Materi Himpunan dan Defragmentasi Struktur Berpikirnya
Authors: Lestyanto Latifah Mustofa , Nasution Syaiful Hamzah , Cahyowati Ety Tejo Dwi , Kahfi Muhammad Shohibul
Published: July 2020

This research was conducted to identify errors in the construction of concepts and to know the form of defragmentation of students’ thinking structures on set material. Data collection was done by asking students to answer on the main test questions. Data were analyzed by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of the research indicate that the errors in the construction of mathematical concepts of students on set material were: 1) pseudo-constructions in the form of true pseudo and false pseudo, 2) misconstruction, 3) misconnection, and  4) logical thinking errors. The forms of defragmentation or the process of rearranging the thinking structures of students who experience concept construction errors in the set were conducted by giving scaffolding and cognitive conflict.
Komparasi Disposisi Matematis pada Siswa Berkepribadian Melankolis dan Sanguinis
Authors: Saryati Saryati , Budiyono Budiyono , Purwoko Riawan Yudi , Wibowo Teguh
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the mathematical disposition of students who have sanguine and melancholic personality types, and whether the mathematical disposition of students with sanguine types is higher than melancholic types. The population in this study was 260 seventh grade students of Junior High School in the Pituruh district. Sampling using a proportionate random sampling technique was taken as many as 65 students. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires and tests. The results of the first study showed that the mathematical disposition of seventh-grade students in the Pituruh Subdistrict in the 2019 school year in terms of the sanguine and melancholic personality types of more than 60%. The second research result shows that there are differences in mathematical disposition between sanguine and melancholic types, where the mathematical disposition of students with sanguine personality types is higher than students with melancholic personality types.
The behavior of reinforced concrete pylons in the static analysis of cable-stayed bridges
Authors: Valiev Sherali , Aung Maung Maung Win , Ovchinnikov Ilya
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we consider a linear static analysis of cable-stayed bridges with different pylon shapes under their own weight. The cable-stayed bridge is one of the modern bridges that are built to cover large spans. It is therefore necessary to study the behavior of the pylons before you can apply it in practice. For this study, different pylon shapes are compared with the size of the bridge span, while other parameters remain unchanged. The various forms of pylons considered for a cable-stayed bridge are diamond, small diamond, Y-inverted, A, H and U-shaped. The height of the pylon remains the same for all cable-stayed bridge models with different pylon shapes. The bridge simulation was prepared using the Midas/Civil software. For this study, the semi-fan type cable-stayed bridge was adopted. The study gives the deformed state of the pylons, i.e. bending moments, transverse and longitudinal forces, and deflections. This study will be useful for selecting the shape of the pylon for the bridge used in specific conditions.
An experimental bench for studying the processes of freezing-thawing of soil in the laboratory
Authors: Zhaisambaev Erkn , Kraev Andrey , Kraev Aleksey , Vorontsov Vyacheslav
Published: July 2020

In the article, the authors consider the problem of building buildings and structures on permafrost soils, provides a brief overview of ways to preserve the frozen state of base soils. The analysis of scientific works devoted to the thermal interaction of an engineering structure with permafrost soils is given. Conducting full-scale experiments in the conditions of the spread of permafrost soils is a laborious and expensive undertaking, therefore, as part of the research, an experimental stand was developed that allows one to study the processes of freezing and thawing soils in laboratory conditions. The experimental stand is a soil tray with rigid walls and a bottom with overall dimensions in the plan of 1000x1000 mm and a height of 1000 mm. The open system was modeled by placing perforated pipes at the bottom of the tray with a heating cable installed inside the pipes, maintaining a positive water temperature. To ensure one-sided and plane-parallel freezing, the side surfaces and the bottom of the tray were glued with a heater. To fix the temperature of the soil in the experimental bench and the air temperature in the freezer, the TEREM 4-1 measuring complex with DTS 1-1 soil temperature sensors is used. To fix the movements of the soil base in the experimental bench, ICH-50 dial indicators with a division price of 0.01 mm on a telescopic magnetic stand are used. To study the processes of freezing thawing of soils, the authors propose a series of experimental studies on water-saturated loams in laboratory conditions. A description is given of an experimental bench with a model of a thermostabilizer for studying the processes of freezing-thawing of base soils in laboratory conditions, and a methodology for conducting experimental studies is described.
Development and validation a nursing care protocol with educational interventions for family caregivers of elderly people after stroke
Authors: Santos Naiana Oliveira dos , Predebon Mariane Lurdes , Bierhals Carla Cristiane Becker Kottwitz , Day Carolina Baltar , Machado Diani de Oliveira , Paskulin Lisiane Manganelli Girardi
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: development and validation the content of a nursing care protocol with educational interventions for family caregivers of elderly people after stroke. Methods: a methodological study conducted in three stages: (1) protocol development through literature review; (2) pretest with multidisciplinary team, analyzed with literature articulation; (3) protocol validation by the Delphi Technique. Results: the protocol was structured in the following areas: Disease Guidelines; Emotional Support; Using the Health Care Network; Diet; Airways; Medications; Hygiene; Skin Care; Disposal; Dressing/Undressing; Positioning and Transfer; Fall Prevention. In the pretest, eight experts assessed protocol clarity and content. In validation, there were two rounds by the Delphi Technique. The validated protocol consisted of 12 domains, containing 42 items and 240 care guidelines. Conclusion: the protocol qualifies the transition of care after hospital discharge assisting nurses in home care practice.
Self-efficacy in elderly with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sousa Mariana Campos de , Malaquias Bruna Stephanie Sousa , Chavaglia Suzel Regina Ribeiro , Ohl Rosali Isabel Barduchi , Paula Fabiana Fernandes Silva de , Silva Karina Santos da , Santos Álvaro da Silva
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the self-efficacy of elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the relationship with sociodemographic, clinical, knowledge, and attitude variables. Method: a cross-sectional quantitative study conducted with 256 elderly people enrolled in Family Health Strategies. Data were obtained through interviews. Descriptive statistical analysis and multiple linear regression model were performed (p <0.05). Results: female, 69.95-year mean age, white skin color, 4-7 years of schooling, living with a partner, retirees, low individual monthly income, 6 to 15 years of illness, Catholics, living with children (with or without spouse). The elderly’s low knowledge and negative attitude prevailed. Self-efficacy was associated with attitude and knowledge in the domains “General and Specific Diet”, “Physical Exercise” and “Blood Glucose”. Conclusion: self-efficacy investigations in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus management in the elderly are important and encourage treatment adherence.
Public and health policy for the aged in Africa to the South of Saara
Authors: Assunção Marta Regina Soares de , Pinto Susana Isabel Mendes , José Helena Maria Guerreiro
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the social and health responses for the elderly in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: An integrative literature review. Results: There is a lack of specialized health care to meet the real needs of the elderly, and the shortage of health professionals does not contribute favorably to this situation. There is a small number of facilities for the elderly and most of them are inadequate. Although there are models of care as well as social and health support policies for the elderly, there are still inequities/inequalities in access to these policies, especially for the most disadvantaged populations. Conclusion: Social and health policies for the elderly in Sub-Saharan Africa are below standard and appropriate economic, political and social intervention is required.
Patients and informal caregivers’ questions about alveolar bone graft post-operative care
Authors: Silva Natiele Favarão da , Beluci Marli Luiz , Banhara Fábio Luiz , Henrique Tatiane , Manso Maila Meryellen Ferreira Garcia , Trettene Armando dos Santos
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify patients’ and informal caregivers’ questions related to alveolar bone graft post-operative care. Methods: analytical and cross-sectional study, developed in a public and tertiary hospital between October 2017 and February 2018. The sample consisted of 46 participants. Data collection occurred during the preoperative nursing consultation through interview. The doubts were described in a form prepared by the researchers and later grouped by similarity of the subject. Results: doubts referred to diet (type of food, consistency, temperature and time period), surgical wound care (oral hygiene, graft rejection, removal of surgical points), post-operative complications (bleeding and edema), convalescence period (sun exposure, physical effort, time away from activities, length of stay) and medications. Conclusions: identifying the doubts allowed planning and implementing nursing care focused on the real needs of the clientele, favoring the rehabilitation process.
Self-medication practices in riverside communities in the Brazilian Amazon Rainforest
Authors: Gama Abel Santiago Muri , Secoli Silvia Regina
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the practice of self-medication and the associated factors in the riverside population of the Middle Solimões river region - Amazon rainforest. Methods: a cross-sectional population-based study conducted between April and July 2015, through interviews at home. Results: the prevalence of self-medication among the riverside population was 76.3%. Analgesics and antibacterials were the main therapeutic classes used in self-medication. Self-medication proved to be associated with the male gender, young people, not having sought the health service in the last month, longer commuting from the community to the urban area and the habit of consuming allopathic medicines on their own. Conclusions: self-medication among the riverside population of Coari - Amazon may reflect the need to seek self-care by people, with the use of allopathic medicines without prescription, mainly due to the restricted access to health services.
No to distance education! Production of meaning of discourses of nursing representative entities
Authors: Sanes Marina da Silva , Neves Franciele Budziareck das , Pereira Lenna Eloisa Madureira , Ramos Flávia Regina Souza , Brehmer Laura Cavalcanti de Farias , Vargas Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira , Martini Jussara Gue
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the processes of production of meanings, based on the positions of Brazilian nursing representative entities, on distance education, considering the implications for nursing as a discipline, profession and work. Methods: this documentary research was carried out in sources from the Federal Nursing Council and Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem, from 2015 to 2018. Data were examined from discourse analysis, using paraphrase and polysemy as analytical devices. Results: they were organized based on the effects of meanings produced and affiliated to two analytical categories: “Forms of mobilization and operating entities” and “Basis and justifications for the positions”. Final Considerations: the discourses signal concern about the future training of new professionals. Resistance, participation, visibility, broad and emphatic debate on the topic are shown as strategies for coping and defending a training process less captured by neoliberal logic, and more relational and committed to the quality of health care.
BRAZILIAN CONSENSUS ON INCIDENTAL GALLBLADDER CARCINOMA
Authors: COIMBRA Felipe Jose F , TORRES Orlando Jorge M , ALIKHANOV Ruslan , AGARWAL Anil , PESSAUX Patrick , FERNANDES Eduardo de Souza M , QUIREZE-JUNIOR Claudemiro , ARAUJO Raphael Leonardo C , GODOY André Luis , WAECHTER Fabio Luis , RESENDE Alexandre Prado de , BOFF Marcio Fernando , COELHO Gustavo Rego , REZENDE Marcelo Bruno de , LINHARES Marcelo Moura , BELOTTO Marcos , MORAES-JUNIOR Jose Maria A , AMARAL Paulo Cezar G , PINTO Rinaldo Danesi , GENZINI Tercio , LIMA Agnaldo Soares , RIBEIRO Heber Salvador C , RAMOS Eduardo José , ANGHINONI Marciano , PEREIRA Lucio Lucas , ENNE Marcelo , SAMPAIO Adriano , MONTAGNINI André Luis , DINIZ Alessandro , JESUS Victor Hugo Fonseca de , SIROHI Bhawna , SHRIKHANDE Shailesh V , PEIXOTO Renata D`Alpino , KALIL Antonio Nocchi , JARUFE Nicolas , SMITH Martin , HERMAN Paulo
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Background: Incidental gallbladder cancer is defined as a cancer discovered by histological examination after cholecystectomy. It is a potentially curable disease. However, some questions related to their management remain controversial and a defined strategy is associated with better prognosis. Aim: To develop the first evidence-based consensus for management of patients with incidental gallbladder cancer in Brazil. Methods: Sixteen questions were selected, and 36 Brazilian and International members were included to the answer them. The statements were based on current evident literature. The final report was sent to the members of the panel for agreement assessment. Results: Intraoperative evaluation of the specimen, use of retrieval bags and routine histopathology is recommended. Complete preoperative evaluation is necessary and the reoperation should be performed once final staging is available. Evaluation of the cystic duct margin and routine 16b1 lymph node biopsy is recommended. Chemotherapy should be considered and chemoradiation therapy if microscopically positive surgical margins. Port site should be resected exceptionally. Staging laparoscopy before reoperation is recommended, but minimally invasive radical approach only in specialized minimally invasive hepatopancreatobiliary centers. The extent of liver resection is acceptable if R0 resection is achieved. Standard lymph node dissection is required for T2 tumors and above, but common bile duct resection is not recommended routinely. Conclusions: It was possible to prepare safe recommendations as guidance for incidental gallbladder carcinoma, addressing the most frequent topics of everyday work of digestive and general surgeons.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DONOR QUALITY AND RECIPIENT GRAVITY IN LIVER TRANSPLANT
Authors: FREITAS Alexandre Coutinho Teixeira de , COELHO Júlio Cezar Uili , WATANABE Manoelle Risnei , LIMA Rachel Lins das Chagas
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Background: Tools such as MELD score and DRI are currently used to predict risks and benefits on liver allocation for transplantation. Aim: To evaluate the relation between donor quality and recipient severity on liver allocation. Methods: Liver transplants performed in 2017 and 2018 were evaluated. Data were collected from Paraná’s State Government Registry. DRI was evaluated in relation to recipient MELD score and position on waiting list. Results: It was observed relation between DRI and position on waiting list: higher risk organs were allocated to recipients with worse waiting list position. There was no relation between DRI and MELD score. Afrodescendents and elderly donor organs were allocated to lower MELD score and worse waiting list position recipients. Conclusion: There is no relation between DRI and MELD on liver allocation. However, DRI interferes with allocation decision based on recipients waiting list position. Donor race and age interfere on both recipient MELD score and waiting list position
ASSESSMENT OF ALVEOLAR BONE PATTERN IN OBESE AND NON-OBESE WOMEN, BEFORE AND AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: VARGAS Jefry Alberto , BONATO Rafaela Carolina Soares , ORENHA Eliel Soares , SALES-PERES Silvia Helena de Carvalho
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Background: Bariatric surgery may have a negative impact on oral bone structure. Aim: To verify the alveolar bone pattern through radiomorphometric indices of panoramic radiography and linear measurements performed in periapical radiographs in eutrophic and morbidly obese patients before and after bariatric surgery. Methods: The sample consisted of 31 women aged 20-35 years old, divided into two groups: obese group (GO-obese grade III) and control group (GC-eutrophic). Twenty eutrophic and 11 obese morbidities were evaluated in the pre and postoperative bariatric surgery (six months). Radiomorphometric and plaque indices were evaluated at T0 (baseline) and T1 (six months) times, in both groups. In the radiographic analysis the trabecular pattern through the Lindh visual ladder and the bone loss were evaluated by calculating the distance from the cement-enamel junction to the bone crest in periapical radiographs. Panoramic radiographs were used to measure the mandibular cortical index (ICM), mentonian index (IM) and panoramic mandibular index (MPI), in addition to the Turesky plate index. Results: There was a significant loss of bone in T1 in patients submitted to bariatric surgery, when compared to eutrophic patients (p<0.05). The trabecular pattern became sparser after surgery with a visual difference. The plate index showed a slight improvement after surgery and the eutrophic maintained similar values over time. Conclusion: The standard alveolar bone presents greater bone loss in obese patients and worsens this standard after bariatric surgery when compared to eutrophic patients. The same happens with the trabecular pattern that becomes sparser after bariatric surgery.
Implementação da Campanha Choosing Wisely no Internato de Clínica Médica
Authors: Mendonça Dilton Rodrigues , Aguiar Carolina Villa Nova , Lins-Kusterer Liliane , Correia Luis Cláudio Lemos , Vieira Adriane Veloso Andrade , Menezes Marta Silva
Published: July 2020

Abstract: Objective: to evaluate the implementation of the Choosing Wisely (CW) campaign strategies at a medical clinic internship. Methods: This interventional study involved internship teachers and students, using online questionnaires on the SurveyMonkey platform, and face-to-face activities. Using the Delphi technique, teachers identified three unnecessary situations that commonly occur in practice. The recommendations were grouped by frequency and subject, adapted to the CW format. A Likert scale was used to classify the specialists’ opinion aiming to obtain the final list of recommendations. Before the introduction of the CW campaign, we conducted an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). Two groups of students were compared: one group that underwent the same OSCE evaluation before the implementation of the CW campaign (110), and another group that participated of all educational actions (n = 98). The CW campaign was implemented by developing educational actions using the recommendations during workshops, banners, and theoretical evaluation, in addition to an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). Results: after grouping the recommendations, 24 items remained. The specialists selected eight recommendations by frequency, addressing unnecessary behaviors such as requesting multiple exams, overuse of non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs, the indication of digestive endoscopy in younger patients with dyspepsia, excessive chest X-rays in intensive care unit, prescribing antibiotic prophylaxis for longer than recommended, routine indication of allergic tests, inadequate initial screening for thyroid assessment, and spirometry in asymptomatic patients. The educational actions resulted in a process of awareness and discussion among the participants, evidenced by theoretical evaluation (> 95%), as well as in the OSCE, where the level of successes was higher in the exposed group when compared to the nonexposed group (p = 0.001). Conclusion: the implementation of the CW campaign improved the clinical skills of medical clinic internship students and allowed positive discussions about cost-consciousness in health.
Reasoning, Affectivity and School Performance at the end of Portuguese Elementary Education: Which Variables To Consider?
Authors: Costa-Lobo Cristina , Matamá Joana , Nascimento Daniela
Published: July 2020

Abstract Elementary education is a stage in which children and adolescents develop reasoning and affectivity, variables often associated with school performance. This study aims to analyze the relationship between reasoning, affectivity and school performance in Portuguese and Mathematics, considering sociodemographic, relational and academic characteristics. In a non-probabilistic sample of 226 ninth graders from three different Portuguese basic schools, we collected sociodemographic, relational and academic data, and applied instruments to assess reasoning and affectivity. The results show correlation between reasoning, affectivity, school performance, parental education and quality of relationships with parents, teachers and classmates. We found differences in reasoning, affectivity and school performance based on gender, retention history, liking for school and study activities; however, there was no verification of difference regarding variables such as having separated parents, having siblings or practicing leisure activities in spare time. These results should be considered as to develop interventions to promote academic success in students who are in their final year of elementary education.
Multiple extremity necrosis in fatal calciphylaxis: Case report
Authors: Gonzalez Diego Ennes , Foresto Renato Demarchi , Maldonado Ana Luiza Santos , Padilha Wallace Stwart Carvalho , Roberto Fernanda Badiani , Pereira Maria Eduarda Vilanova da Costa , Durão Junior Marcelino de Souza , Carvalho Aluizio Barbosa
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: The clinical impact of vascular calcification is well established in the context of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but other clinical syndromes, such as calciphylaxis, although less frequent, have a significant impact on chronic kidney disease. Methods: Case report of a 27-year-old woman, who had complained of bilateral pain in her toes for 3 days, with the presence of small necrotic areas in the referred sites. She had a history of type 1 diabetes (25 years ago), with chronic kidney disease, on peritoneal dialysis, in addition to rheumatoid arthritis. She was admitted to the hospital, which preceded the current condition, due to exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis, evolving with intracardiac thrombus due to venous catheter complications, when she started using warfarin. Ischemia progressed to her feet, causing the need for bilateral amputations. Her chirodactyls were also affected. Thrombophilia, vasculitis, endocarditis or other embolic sources were investigated and discarded. Her pathology report evidenced skin necrosis and superficial soft parts with recent arterial thrombosis, and Monckeberg's medial calcification. We started treatment with bisphosphonate and sodium thiosulfate, conversion to hemodialysis and replacement of warfarin with unfractionated heparin. Despite all the therapy, the patient died after four months of evolution. Discussion: Calciphylaxis is a rare microvasculature calcification syndrome that results in severe ischemic injuries. It has pathogenesis related to the mineral and bone disorder of chronic kidney disease combined with the imbalance between promoters and inhibitors of vascular calcification, with particular importance to vitamin K antagonism. Conclusion: The preventive strategy is fundamental, since the therapy is complex with poorly validated effectiveness.
Proposta de um índice de desempenho para a Defensoria Pública da União
Authors: Buta Bernardo Oliveira , Gomes Adalmir de Oliveira , Lima Carolina Menezes
Published: July 2020

Resumo A Defensoria Pública da União (DPU) é um órgão essencial para o funcionamento do sistema de justiça, de modo que avaliar seu desempenho é fundamental para aperfeiçoar a prestação dos serviços de justiça no país. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de propor e testar empiricamente um índice de desempenho da DPU. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com defensores e gestores e em bases oficiais secundárias do órgão, e examinados mediante análise de conteúdo e análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória. Os resultados mostram que, na percepção dos entrevistados, o desempenho da DPU deve ter como base as seguintes categorias: produtividade, êxito, capacidade de atendimento, qualidade do serviço, celeridade, acesso, descongestionamento e atuação extrajudicial. Os resultados da análise fatorial demonstram a validade de um índice de desempenho composto por quatro fatores, quais sejam: atendimento ao cidadão, quantidade de assistidos, conciliações extrajudiciais e taxa de êxito. A aplicação do índice mostra que o desempenho da DPU vem se reduzindo ao longo dos últimos anos - 2014 a 2017.
Modeling the Global Effects of the COVID-19 Sudden Stop in Capital Flows
Authors: Akinci Ozge , Benigno Gianluca , Queralto Albert
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 outbreak has triggered unusually fast outﬂows of dollar funding from emerging market economies (EMEs). These outflows are known as sudden stop episodes, and are typically followed by economic contractions.
A Crisis of Missed Opportunities? Foreclosure Costs and Mortgage Modification During the Great Recession
Authors: Gabriel Stuart , Iacoviello Matteo , Lutz Chandler
Published: July 2020

We investigate the impact of Great Recession policies in California that substantially increased lender pecuniary and time costs of foreclosure. We estimate that the California Foreclosure Prevention Laws (CFPLs) prevented 250,000 California foreclosures (a 20% reduction) and created $300 billion in housing wealth. The CFPLs boosted mortgage modifications and reduced borrower transitions into default. They also mitigated foreclosure externalities via increased maintenance spending on homes that entered foreclosure. The CFPLs had minimal adverse side effects on the availability of mortgage credit for new borrowers. Altogether, findings suggest that policy interventions that keep borrowers in their homes may be broadly beneficial during times of widespread housing distress.
Arap Gramerinde Sıfat Fiillerin İfade Yöntemleri Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ZEKİ Coşkun
Published: July 2020

Arapçada fiilden yapılan sıfatlar içinde özellik ve şekil açısından farklılık gösteren bir takım sözler vardır ki, bunlar Türkçedeki sıfat fiillere benzemektedir. Arap gramerinde bu çeşit sıfatlar ism-i fâil (şimdiki zaman sıfat fiiller) ve ism-i mefûl (geçmiş zaman sıfat fiiller) adını almaktadır. Eylemi sıfat şeklinde bildiren bu gramer sınıflandırmaları gerek klasik, gerekse modern Arapçada geniş bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Bu makalede bu çeşit sıfat fiillerin Arapçada en fazla hangi durumlarda yer aldığı ve ifade yöntemleri ele alınmıştır. Araştırmada Arapçada ism-i fâillerin ve ism-i mefûllerin, sıfat gibi kullanılmasının çok yaygın olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Türkçede sıfat fiiller olarak adlandırılan bu türden kelimeler, Arapçada sıfat gibi istifade edilerek nitelendirdiği kelimeler ile malum kurallar dâhilinde bir uyum içinde bulunmuştur.
Arapçada sıfat fiiller, fiil özelliği taşıdığı için kendisinden sonra nesne alması geniş yaygınlık kazanmıştır. Özellikle modern Arapçada çok yaygın olan bu metotta ism-i fâiller, eylemi şimdiki zamana daha net olarak konuşma anına bağlar ve cümlede muzârî fiil rolünü üstlenir. Arapça gramerinde ism-i fâil ve ism-i mefûl ıstılahları bu sıfat fiileri işaret etmek için kullanılmıştır. Bunlardan ilki işi icra edene, ikincisi ise üzerinde iş icra olunana işaret eder. Bu modeller içinde fiillerden türeyen, türediği fiilin ifade ettiği eylemi gerçekleştiren ve fiilin ifade ettiği mânâ ile geçici bir süre nitelenen ve vasıflanan etken şahsa delalet eden kelimeler ism-i fâiller adı altında öğrenilmektedir. Aksam-ı seb‘a ) yedi kısım( olarak adlandırılan yani kök harfinin cinsine göre bölünen fiillerin ism-i fâillerinde bir takım ibdâl (değişme) kuralları olsa da tüm çeşitlerde ism-i fâiller sülasi (üç harften oluşan) mücerret mâlûm fiilden fa:il, ism-i mefûller ise mefûl kalıbı vasıtası ile yapılmaktadır. İsm-i fâiller eylemi yapan türemiş bir isim, ism-i mefuller ise o eylemden etkilenen ismi gösteren türemiş bir isimdir.
Bir diğer ayırt edici unsur ise zaman anlayışıdır. Sıfat-ı müşebbehelerde zaman anlayışı yoktur. Çünkü özellik ve nitelemenin kalıcı bir şekilde devamlı olması onu zamana tâbi olmaktan kurtarmıştır. Ancak sıfat fiiller olan ism-i fâillerde, hâl ve eylem sıfat şeklinde belirtildiği için bunların zamana bağlı olması şarttır. Eylemin gerçekleştiği yerde zaman vardır. Bu bakımdan sıfat fiiller cümlede sıfat şeklinde kullanılmasının yanı sıra tam fiil olarak da görev ala bilirler. İsm-i fâiller Arapçada fiil olarak kullanıldıklarında ismi haber bildirir, eylemi ve durumun zamanını konuşma anına bağlar. Aynı düşünceleri ism-i mefûller için de söylemek mümkündür. Ancak ism-i mefûllerin meçhûl, müteaddi (geçişli ) fiillerden yapıldığı dikkatten kaçmamalıdır.
Bu çalışmada söz edilenlerin yanı sıra sıfat fiillerin Arapçada en yaygın özellikleri de incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Response to Commentary: ‘Why are black South African students less likely to consider studying biological sciences?’ (Prof. N Nattrass)
Authors: Ross Fiona C.
Published: July 2020

This Commentary is a response to a Commentary published in the May/June 2020 issue:

Nattrass N. Why are black South African students less likely to consider studying biological sciences? S Afr J Sci. 2020;116(5/6), Art. #7864, 2 pages. https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2020/7864

Responses to the Commentary in the May/June 2020 issue have been published collectively in a special issue of Volume 116.
The Anatomy of a Bad Science: Reflections on Nattrass’ ‘commentary’
Authors: Adesina Jimi O.
Published: July 2020

This Commentary is a response to a Commentary published in the May/June 2020 issue:

Nattrass N. Why are black South African students less likely to consider studying biological sciences? S Afr J Sci. 2020;116(5/6), Art. #7864, 2 pages. https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2020/7864

Responses to the Commentary in the May/June 2020 issue have been published collectively in a special issue of Volume 116.
Academics have a duty to exercise responsible scholarship
Authors: Dziwa Simba
Published: July 2020

This Commentary is a response to a Commentary published in the May/June 2020 issue:

Nattrass N. Why are black South African students less likely to consider studying biological sciences? S Afr J Sci. 2020;116(5/6), Art. #7864, 2 pages. https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2020/7864

Responses to the Commentary in the May/June 2020 issue have been published collectively in a special issue of Volume 116.
The Challenging Behaviors Faced by the Preschool Teachers in Their Classrooms, and the Strategies and Discipline Approaches Used against These Behaviors: The Sample of United States
Authors: AKSOY Pınar
Published: July 2020

This research aims to investigate the most frequent challenging behaviors faced by preschool teachers in their classrooms and the strategies and discipline approaches they adopt against these challenging behaviors. This research is conducted within case study design, which is a qualitative research method. The study group consists of 10 different preschool teachers teaching for children aged four-five in a city in the mid-south region of the United States. The research data was collected through one-to-one interviews performed by the researcher with the teachers. Content analysis was used to analyze the data obtained as a result of the interviews with the teachers. In the study, the challenging behaviors faced by the preschool teachers were asserted as the behaviors occurring under the themes of “accommodation problems” in the first place, followed by “self-control inadequacies” and then “absence of prosocial behaviors”, and “deficiencies in assertiveness skills”. The result of this study showed that preschool teachers mainly adopted multiple appropriate strategies which contribute to creating a warm classroom environment in their classrooms. It was stated that the discipline approach based on behavior change was mostly used as well as the instructional and effective communicational approach was partially used, while the assertive discipline approach was rarely used. It is recommended that the strategies and discipline approaches of teachers for dealing with challenging behaviors should be positively improved through supporting the knowledge, skills, and experiences of preschool teachers in the dimension of classroom management.