bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of some Complex Organic Materials Characteristics in Thin Films
Authors: Baschir Laurentiu , Rusu Madalin , Savu Valeriu , Tenciu Daniel
Published: May 2015

Studies were carried out in order to investigate the sensitivity of some thin films, to ultraviolet light, based on barium stearate and carbon nanotubes structures. A three – five monolayers structures were developed using the Langmuir – Blodgett technique onto ceramic substrate. Obtained Langmuir – Blodgett complex thin films shows sensitivity to ultra violet light radiation, taking into consideration the presence of carbon nanotubes that facilitates the charge carriers transport. Also the investigations performed, revealed the properties of carbon nanotubes and point out the fine chemistry of these materials. Based on this premise we proceed to investigate and characterize the photo – electrical behavior of the obtained structures.
Caveats in Modeling the Elasto-Plastic Behavior of Materials to Alternate Loads
Authors: Craifaleanu Andrei , Craifaleanu Iolanda Gabriela
Published: May 2015

Bilinear hysteretic models are an attractive choice in modeling the elasto-plastic behavior of various materials to alternate loads, due to their simplicity and ease of interpreting the results. However, choosing the parameters of the model without taking into account some restrictions can lead to highly unrealistic results. These restrictions are analyzed, and the allowable ranges for the model parameters are determined. The conclusions can be used for a wide range of plastic and composite materials. The significant errors that can occur in the case of the inadequate selection of model parameters are illustrated by a practical application.
Modeling of Diffusion with Bessel Functions
Authors: Riza Ion , Popescu Marius Constantin
Published: May 2015

The equation with partial derivatives studied in this paper models the diffusion of oxygen through a passive layer made up of two oxides at low temperature or three oxides of iron at high temperature, estimating the fact that the corrosion phenomenon takes place into the oxides interface only after the oxygen penetrates the oxides layer. We model and analyze the diffusion phenomenon to which, until now, only the Bessel functions were recommended. In order to solve the differential equations with partial derivatives which model the diffusion, some analytic solutions with Bessel functions were obtained. These functions can be used in several technical domains due to the fact that they admit both real and imaginary input values.
Improving the Tensile Strength of a Novel Double Hook Design Manufactured by Nanosilica Epoxy Reinforced Aramid/Carbon Composites
Authors: Tsagaris Apostolos , Tzetzis Dimitrios , Mansour Gabriel , Hatzikos Evangelos , Kyratsis Panagiotis
Published: May 2015

This paper presents the novel design of a double hook manufactured with advanced composite materials and nanomaterials. For the preparation of the composite materials an epoxy resin was used while the fiber reinforcement was in the form of hybrid aramid/carbon twill fabric. The nanoparticles were silica nanospheres dispersed in the epoxy matrix. The nanospheres were in the form of a colloidal silica-sol and they were added in the epoxy resin so to form a carefully prepared masterbatch. A series of tensile and fracture toughness tests were performed in order to evaluate the effect of the nanosilica concentration as well as the strength of the hybrid aramid/carbon composites. Upon the design and the manufacture of the innovative geometry of the double hook, comparative uniaxial tensile tests were performed. The results proved that the use of the silica nanoparticles significantly increase the strength of the hook, while affect considerably its tensile fracture behavior.
Optimal Inserts for Profiled Turning of Impellers
Authors: Ciocan Ion , Iliescu Dragoș
Published: May 2015

Processing any kind of parts, requires in our days a focus on obtaining, not only the required characteristics, but a high economic efficiency too. One of the main ways to reduce costs is to reduce processing duration. Starting from profiled turning rotors made by difficult-to-cut materials such as titanium alloys or materials with nickel base, paper analyze the efficiency of processing taking into account all types of inserts available to be used for a given toolholder type. The analysis highlights certain processing features according to the geometric shape and makes a classification based on these performances. The verification of these features is performed with a CAD program on an impeller, using machining characteristics declared by the chosen manufacturer, considering the linear zig method for turning. Regarding the contour turning method, it makes an analysis of the problems caused by the variation of chip length, relative to the maximum cutting depth allowed by tool.
Effect of the Blank-Holding Load on the Drawing Force in the Deep-Drawing Process of Cylindrical and Square Cups
Authors: Lazarescu Lucian , Nicodim Ioan , Comsa Dan Sorin , Banabic Dorel
Published: May 2015

In this study, the influence of the blank-holding force (BHF) on the drawing force (DF) in the deep-drawing process of cylindrical and square cups has been investigated experimentally. For this purpose, different constant and variable BHFs have been applied to AA6016-T4 aluminum alloy and DC04 steel sheets during the forming process. It has been observed that an increased constant BHF leads to an increase of DF. On the other hand, the variable BHF approach, in which the BHF decreases in six steps throughout the punch stroke, reduces the DF.
A New Algorithm for the Optimization of the Design Process Using the Design Structure Matrix
Authors: Boudouh Toufik , Grunder Olivier
Published: May 2015

This Design Structure Matrix is a method and a tool used to capture, analyze and optimize iterations in the design process. It has been widely used over the past two decades by researchers from both academia and industry. DSM is well suited to identify iterations in the design process. Many heuristics were developed to deal with DSM in order to reduce the number of iterations by rescheduling the tasks of the design process. These heuristics are based on a process called partitioning. These heuristics give generally an approached solution but not the optimal one. In this paper we introduce a new algorithm in order to get the exact solution of the partitioning process using linear programming.
Experimental Research of the Formability of Lightweight Metallic Materials Used in Automotive Industry
Authors: Girjob Claudia , Bologa Octavian , Racz Sever Gabriel , Biris Cristina
Published: May 2015

This paper aims to study the plastic deformation behaviour of lightweight metallic materials in order to reduce the total weight of the vehicles without affecting their performances. For the theoretical and experimental researches presented here, among these materials the AZ31B magnesium alloy has been chosen, a representative alloy for the magnesium-zinc-aluminium alloy system. The results of the theoretical researches, made on finite elements models, were validated by means of experimental researches consisting of tensile tests, forming limit curves determination tests and AZ31B magnesium alloy drawing, respectively.
Robust Optimization of the Deep Drilling Process by Taguchi Method
Authors: Mihail Laurentiu Aurel
Published: May 2015

The paper presents an optimization by using the robust engineering approach, for the optimization of the deep drilling process by assessing the surface roughness by the Ra parameter. The trials were developed according with the Robust Engineering principles, by applying the Taguchi Method. The parameter for decision is the average profile height (Ra) of the roughness. Finally, there are presented solutions for the setting-up the deep drilling parameters levels in such a way to assure the best quality at the level of the generated surface. The method results to be reliable for being applied for achieving the optimal setup machining parameters used for the deep drilling process.
Research on Abrasive Water Jet Milling of the Planar Surfaces, Slots and Profiles
Authors: Popan Alexandru , Balc Nicolae , Carean Alexandru , Luca Alina , Miron Alin
Published: May 2015

Abrasive Water Jet is an innovative process which proves to be a good solution for cutting, drilling, polishing and milling, for various materials. Abrasive Water Jet milling has some advantages, compared with classical technologies, such as: high flexibility and machining versatility, no thermal distortion. In this paper the authors proposed a few strategies for water jet milling manufacturing. Using the correct processing strategies and proper process parameters, water jet milling is a good solution to manufacture plan surfaces, profiles and slots.
Analysis of Intermittent Metal Forming with Planetary Rollers by Numerical Simulation
Authors: Sicoe Gina , Iacomi Doina , Iordache Monica , Niţu Eduard
Published: May 2015

Abstract. Processing profiles through form tapping process with planetary rollers is used in industry, especially in the automotive industry. Even though this process exists for several decades, few studies dealing with this topic were published. The main objective of this paper was to determine the influence of the two process parameters on three important values which influence the quality of profiles: the rolling force, the state of stresses in the deformed material and on the rolling time. The material used was carbon steel AISI 1015.
Model for Optimization of the Tool Life and the Cutting Speed for Maximum Productivity at Drilling of the Steel 2NiCr185
Authors: Blăjină Ovidiu , Vlase Aurelian , Iacob Marius
Published: May 2015

The research in the last decade regarding their cutting machinability have highlighted the insufficiency of the data for establishing of the optimum cutting processing conditions and the optimum cutting regime. The purpose of this paper is the optimization of the tool life and the cutting speed at the drilling of the stainless steels in terms of the maximum productivity. A nonlinear programming mathematical model to maximize the productivity at the drilling of a stainless steel is developed in this paper. The optimum cutting tool life and the associated cutting tool speed are obtained by solving the proposed mathematical model. The use of this productivity model allows greater accuracy in the prediction of the productivity for the drilling of a certain stainless steel and getting the optimum tool life and the optimum cutting speed for the maximum productivity. The obtained results can be used in production activity, in order to increase the productivity of the stainless steels machining. Finally the paper suggests new research directions for the specialists interested in this field.
Metal Forming Smoothing of Flat Surfaces by Rolling
Authors: Sindilă Gheorghe
Published: May 2015

Metal forming smoothing processes are used to improve the surface quality of soft materials or of those materials that must withstand extreme fatigue and wear conditions. This paper highlights the influence of the main technological parameters upon the deformation force, as well as upon the hardness and the roughness of the processed surface.
Optimization of the Drill Angle of Attack in Composite Processing
Authors: Ocnărescu Constantin , Ocnărescu Maria
Published: May 2015

Composite materials are used extensively because of their higher strength to weight ratios and, when compared to metals, offer new opportunities for design. However, being non-homogenous, anisotropic and reinforced with very abrasive fibers, these materials are difficult to machine. In this current article is present a comparative study of results obtained in determining the drilling force regression at drilling a tree types composites material with polymeric matrix and fiber glass.
Some Considerations Regarding Micro Hardness of Parts Manufactured from 316-L Steel Using SLM Technology
Authors: Buican George Răzvan , Oancea Gheorghe , Lancea Camil , Pop Mihai Alin
Published: May 2015

In this paper is investigated the effect of building parts with different layer sizes using an additive manufacturing technique, from the statistical point of view. The paper is focused on the differences that appear at the stainless steel parts when the building layer is increased, this being done on the SLM 250 HL machine. This machine uses a fiber laser to melt fine powder on a layer-by-layer basis to create three-dimensional metallic parts from CAD files. The samples were constructed using two different layer thicknesses and then reprocess so that a micro hardness test could be employed. The micro hardness’s are compared using statistical methods. Overall, the obtained results indicate that the outcome influences the manufacturing strategy that it is chosen.
Effective Dimensional Characteristics of Certain Industrial Welded Structures
Authors: Ene Căscătău Andreea Mădălina , Morel Daniel , Gheorghe Marian
Published: May 2015

Various studies on the quality characteristics of products manufactured in different industrial conditions have been accomplished. The quality characteristics of welded metallic structures depend of the material and geometrical characteristics of the components, welded gap, welding speed, scheme and time of components fixing, etc. The paper presents main elements of an industrial research on the dimensional characteristics of a certain welded metallic structure. The research method used in this paper is the systematic analyse in industrial conditions, including welding robotised cell and 3D advanced measurement system.
Surface Roughness at Wire Electrical Discharge Machining
Authors: Dodun Oana , Slătineanu Laurenţiu , Coteaţă Margareta , Merticaru Vasile , Nagîţ Gheorghe
Published: May 2015

Wire electrical discharge machining is a machining method by which parts having various contours could be detached from plate workpieces. The method uses the electrical discharges developed between the workpiece and the wire tool electrode found in an axial motion, when in the work zone a dielectric fluid is recirculated. In order to highlight the influence exerted by some input process factors on the surface roughness parameter Ra in case of a workpiece made of an alloyed steel, a factorial experiment with six independent variables at two variation levels was designed and materialized. As input factors, one used the workpiece thickness, pulse on time, pulse off-time, wire axial tensile force, current intensity average amplitude defined by setting button position and travelling wire electrode speed. By mathematical processing of the experimental results, empirical models were established. Om the base of a power type empirical model, graphical representations aiming to highlight the influence of some input factors on the surface roughness parameter Ra were achieved. The power type empirical model facilitated establishing of order of factors able to exert influence on the surface roughness parameter Ra at wire electrical discharge machining.
General Structure and Coding of a Product Group Database
Authors: Neculache Cristina , Florea Emilia Roxana
Published: May 2015

Today’s product designer is being asked to develop high quality at an ever increasing pace. To meet this need, an intensive search is underway for advanced design methodologies that facilitate the acquisition of design knowledge and creative ideas for later reuse. Additionally, designers are embracing a wide range of macros applications to increase their productivity. This paper proposes a solution for creating a group product database, this being under development, starting from the specifications product in an excel file, in the end obtaining the entities block for the products with parameters and actions according to their characteristics. The code it’s implemented for an abrasive tool by linking product definition parameters to CAD’s functions.
Determination of Optimal Nondestructive Technique (NDT) Using Multi-Criteria Analysis
Authors: Leonte Alexandru Stefan , Nedelcu Anișor , Dragan Razvan Gabriel
Published: May 2015

The present paper presents an optimization model for quality control of industrial products by using two non-destructive techniques (NDT): infrared termography and ultrasonic methods. The main purpose it is to determinate the best analyzing method using multi-criteria analysis by taking into account the results that outcome from the two non-destructive evaluations. There have been studied defects like: internal defects and surface defects. Therewith were taking into consideration: safety, efficiency of the method and the cost of the equipment used in controlling the product. For this study it was created a concrete slab with embedded defects which had different depths. The sample was tested using active thermography and impact echo methods and the results were studied and integrated in an multi-criteria analysis to reveal the best method for this case.
Virtual Instrumentation for Adaptive Control of Cutting Processes
Authors: Vasiloni Anton Mircea , Dragoi Mircea Viorel
Published: May 2015

This paper discusses the application of virtual instruments into the monitoring and control of an adaptive control system used in milling cutting processes. Hardware and software architecture is proposed in order to develop reliable virtual instruments for cutting processes monitoring. Methodology and technique of Virtual instruments creation and calibration are presented in the following paragraphs.
From Mass Production to Mass Customization of LED Lighting Systems - Case Study
Authors: Mazilu Traian , Tarara Aurel
Published: May 2015

This case study describes the transition and the evolution from mass production to mass customization in the case of highly complex engineering products, LED lighting systems, and how can some of the principles of this mass customization`s business strategy may be applied. It is analyzed the capabilities of the existing production systems within a company producing lighting systems, as well as the flexibility and ability to adapt in order to introduce new customized products. The study aims to analyze the strategic principles formed around the company’s core capabilities, the competitive advantages offered by introducing this new strategy as well as its limitations. In the end we will give an overview on the development of mass customization of LED lighting system.
The Systemic Approach to Information Protection in Relation to Risk in an Integrated Information Security System
Authors: Anton Nicolae , Nedelcu Anișor
Published: May 2015

This paper presents an approach to the risk of information security. By taking into consideration how critical it is for a system, each category of information should be associated with a correspondent level of security risk and each level of security risk must be defined by appropriate measures to control the risks for information security. Equally important is how many levels of security risk are defined for information, or how they are classified. It is critical, however, that the model adopted reflects all the objectives that the system requires.
The Academic – Industry Cooperation and the (Long) Road from Strategy to Competitiveness
Authors: Albulescu Viorel Liviu , Neagu Corneliu , Doicin Cristian , Tonoiu Sergiu
Published: May 2015

The issue of competitiveness is analyzed in terms of macro and microeconomic, based on two studies - one multinational (12 selected countries), one national (505 selected companies), focusing on the correlation between innovation, competitiveness and economic growth, considered as a guarantee to ensure the prosperity of a nation by transforming efficiency the available resources. The recovery of some historical gaps requires coherent national strategies to highlight competitive advantages, the cooperation within the academic-industry-government triad being a vital engine for creating, developing and disseminating new knowledge and skills useful for all society. The academic-industry relations are addressed through the common major interests, such as the absorption of technology and competitiveness, the training of the staff and the development of the entrepreneurial skills, the R & D activities and innovation, the partnerships and the funding sources, being highlighted the collaboration and technological change barriers , but also the concrete proposals for strengthen the bilateral connections, implicitly the national innovation system (NIS).
Some Considerations Regarding the Management Review in Certification Audit Process of Environmental Management System
Authors: Militaru Constantin , Juganaru Cristina , Rahim Al Ali Abdel , Avramescu Ana Maria
Published: May 2015

This article highlights the importance of management review in the implementation, maintenance and continuous improvement of the environmental management system (EMS). According to the audit requirements, top level management of the organization must analyze the environmental management system at predetermined intervals, in order to ensure that the EMS is properly, adequate and effective maintained. Three main concepts are explored: the motivations for ISO 14001certification, the perceived benefits of this certification and specific requirements and documents for certification audit of EMS which are used at management reviews.
Aspects Regarding Competence, Training and Awareness Requirements for the Environmental Management System Certification Audit
Authors: Rahim Al Ali Abdel , Juganaru Cristina , Militaru Constantin , Banu Alexandra
Published: May 2015

One of the requirements of ISO 14001 is that the organization must ensure that any person, including personnel working for and on behalf of organization, that have the potential to cause significant environmental impacts is well trained and competent. The personnel competencies can be defined by education, training and/or appropriate experience. In this regard, this paper briefly present requirements and specific documents for proper audit of requirement 4.4.2 that will constitute evidence of practical implementation of SR EN ISO 14001:2005.
Enhancing Romanian SMEs Innovation Capacity by Mitigation the Risk Drivers
Authors: Țoniș-Bucea-Manea Rocsana
Published: May 2015

SMEs are flexible to changes and may even face the challenge of changing the industry or technology. Although they are innovative, they face a lot of risk in their struggle to win a niche market. There are numerous studies regarding open innovation in SMEs, but few of them get the focus on risk drivers and methods to mitigate it. This paper analyzes the innovation degree in Romania compared to EU, analyzes the SMEs’ internal and external risk drivers associated with open innovation, and suggests different ways to reduce the risk of implementing innovation
Comparison on Techniques for Multiple Video Streaming via Webcam for Manufacturing Engineering Purpose
Authors: Ramdan Nur Sufiah Akmala , Bani Hashim Ahmad Yusairi , Kamat Seri Rahayu , Asmai Siti Azirah
Published: May 2015

Multiple video streaming can be used for many functions and there are two techniques that can be used for streaming. The first is the use of the on-the shelf software which is ready-made and can be downloaded. The second technique is a self-programming technique using open source software. In this paper, both techniques were compared to investigate their capabilities in the manufacturing process. Some experiments were conducted to verify the affordability of the techniques. The focus of comparison for both techniques is to detect the image of real-time motion and generate report of the motion. In this research, the capabilities and differences between the two techniques are also identified.
Design of Five-Phase Transformer through Finite Element Simulation
Authors: Abdul Karim Kasrul , Geok Yin Lim , Mohd Yusoff Nor Azizah , Othman Md Nazri , Jidin Auzani
Published: May 2015

The interests in multiphase (more than three) system are escalating recently especially in the motor drive applications. Thus, this paper introduces the graphical phasor diagram method in designing the multiphase transformer connection. The proposed method eases the design process of the static multiphase transformer that produces multiphase output from the standard three phase input. The transformer connection was simulated in ANSYS Maxwell and the multiphase waveform with appropriate phase angle was obtained. The design of five-phase transformer using graphical phasor and simulation results from the finite elements software are presented in this paper.
Product Identification Using Image Processing and Radial Basis Function Neural Networks
Authors: Aziz K.A.A. , Kadir Abdul , Hamzah Rostam Affendi , Basari Amat Amir
Published: May 2015

This paper presents a product identification using image processing and radial basis function neural networks. The system identified a specific product based on the shape of the product. An image processing had been applied to the acquired image and the product was recognized using the Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN). The RBF Neural Networks offer several advantages compared to other neural network architecture such as they can be trained using a fast two-stage training algorithm and the network possesses the property of best approximation. The output of the network can be optimized by setting suitable values of the center and the spread of RBF. In this paper, fixed spread value was used for every cluster. The system can detect all the four products with 100% successful rate using ±0.2 tolerance.
Improvement of Corrosion Detection Using Vision System for Pipeline Inspection
Authors: Idris Syahril Anuar , Jafar Fairul Azni , Jamaludin Zamberi , Blar Noraidah
Published: May 2015

Nowadays, the utilization of cameras as an inspection tool has been increasing. The flexibility functions of camera fits to get different kind of information. This research is focusing on developing a robust visual inspection system for corrosion detection that is able to detect corrosion in any environment, and the corrosion detection will be using visual data as primary tools. A review on current pipeline inspection would give a brief detail on the improvement of the proposed inspection system. Furthermore, the inadequacies of the proposed visual corrosion detection are identified and discussed from the reviewing process on existing researches and analysis on preliminary data obtained. It is expected that the output of the proposed system will be a new method of corrosion detection and pioneer for the inspection system on robust environment.
Cutting Parameters Optimization of Mild Steel via AIS Heuristics Algorithm
Authors: Abbas Adnan Jameel , Minhat Mohammad , Abd Rahman Md Nizam
Published: May 2015

. The minimum cost and high productivity of the recent industrial renaissance are its main challengers. Selecting the optimum cutting parameters play a significant role in achieving these aims. Heat generated in the cutting zone area is an important factor affecting workpiece and cutting tool properties. The surface finish quality specifies product success and integrity. In this paper, the temperature generated in the cutting zone (shear zone and chip-tool interface zone) and workpiece surface roughness is optimized using an artificial immune system (AIS) intelligent algorithm. A mild steel type (S45C) workpiece and a tungsten insert cutting tool type (SPG 422) is subjected to dry CNC turning operation are used in experiments. Optimum cutting parameters (cutting velocity, depth of cut, and feed rate) calculated by the (AIS) algorithm are used to obtain the simulated and ideal cutting temperature and surface roughness. An infrared camera type (Flir E60) is used for temperature measurement, and a portable surface roughness device is used for roughness measurement. Experimental results show that the ideal cutting temperature (110°C) and surface roughness (0.49 μm) occur at (0.3 mm) cut depth, (0.06 mm) feed rate, and (60 m/min) cutting velocity. The AIS accuracy rates in finding the ideal cutting temperature and surface roughness are (91.70 %) and (90.37 %) respectively. Analysis shows that the predicted results are close to the experimental ones, indicating that this intelligent system can be used to estimate cutting temperature and surface roughness during the turning operation of mild steel.
Positioning Control of XY Table Using 2-DOF PID Controller
Authors: Yee Teng Ong , Chong Shin Horng , Wai Keat Hee
Published: May 2015

A two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) PID controller is designed for an AC servo ball screw driven XY table. XY table is widely used in manufacturing industry especially in CNC machineries. The most commonly used controller in industries is conventional PID controller. This controller has satisfactory performance, simple structure, and is one-degree-of-freedom (1DOF). Nonetheless, PID controller can only achieve either good set-point response or good disturbance response. This leads to introduction of 2-DOF PID controller which can achieve both good set-point response and disturbance response. In this project, 2-DOF PID is used for accurate tracking purpose. 2-DOF PID controller is designed using two-steps-tuning-method. Disturbance response is optimized by tuning parameters of KP, Ti, and TD using Ziegler-Nichols 2nd method, followed by optimization of set-point response by tuning of 2-DOF parameters, α and β. Tracking performance of 2-DOF PID controller is compared with conventional PI and 1-DOF PID. Maximum absolute error, sum of absolute error, and mean square error are analyzed for all tracking performance of compensated system. Result shows that tracking error compensation (set-point response) of 1-DOF PID controller is better than 2-DOF PID controller. However, this is due to tuning of α and β parameters in simulation in this project. α and β values should be tuned experimentally. Disturbance response of 1-DOF PID and 2-DOF PID are almost similar due to same KP, Ti, and TD values are used in both controllers.
Development of Informal Communication Environment Using Interactive Tiled Display Wall
Authors: Ogi Tetsuro , Sakuma Yu
Published: May 2015

In the early stage of planning or design, it is desired to support the informal communication between remote sites. In this study, informal communication environment between remote places was constructed by using the interactive tiled display wall.This system measures the user's gesture as well as captures the user's image by using the multiple fish-eye cameras. Then, the remote users can communicate with each other by using the touch interaction in the shared space. This system was applied to the remote communication and the effectiveness of this method in the informal communication was experimentally evaluated.
Improvement of Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) through Implementation of Autonomous Maintenance in Crankcase Line
Authors: Musa Mohd Azam , Kasim Nazrul Idzham , Razali Akhtar Razul , Mahadzir Mahadzir , Wan Saidin Wan Ahmad Najmuddin
Published: May 2015

A study on Autonomous Maintenance (AM) implementation was conducted for CNC machine at automotive components manufacturing line in order to identify and measure equipment losses related to availability, performance and quality rate. These values were used to determine the overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) of the manufacturing line before and after AM implementation. The project started with AM team formation before it was continued with 5S activities and fuguai (abnormality) detection and restoration. Kaizen was used for continuous improvement to restore deteriorated parts and components of the machine. Autonomous Maintenance standards such as cleaning, lubricating and inspection were developed. The AM team members consistently followed the operator maintenance standards to ensure that machine is always in good working condition. The OEE results were taken daily after AM implementation and compared with the data before the implementation. The average OEE result shows significant improvement from 65.8% to 80.4% after the AM implementation. However, the result still did not achieve the company’s target. The main reason was because the machine was very old, which almost reaches deterioration stage according to the bath tub curve. Some recommendations are suggested as to push the OEE value closer to the company’s target including a review on other pillars in Total Productive Maintenance (TPM).
Core and Cavity Generation Using Slicing and Boolean-Based Algorithm
Authors: Md Yusof Mursyidah , Abu Mansor Mohd Salman
Published: May 2015

In the fast moving technological world, few researchers are trying to formulate systems with automatic mould design processes in order to reduce mould design and development time and produce a consistent mould's quality. Currently, no commercial software are able to generate core and cavity without user intervention during the process. Thus, an algorithm is proposed in this research to automatically generate core and cavity of moulds by using slicing and Boolean-based approach. A 3D moulded part in a standard CAD file format is used as an input for the algorithm and the output is presented as a set of core and cavity in 3D model. Two criteria to define the best generated core and cavity are considered at this stage which is undercut and floating lump.
A Study on Tool Allocation Method Considering Load Balancing and Optimization of Transportation Based on Mathematical Programming
Authors: Tanaka Kentaro , Iwamura Koji , Tanimizu Yoshitaka , Sugimura Nobuhiro
Published: May 2015

A new tool allocation method is proposed in this paper to consider both the load balancing and optimization of a transportation based on a mathematical problem. The proposed tool allocation method consists of two steps. In the first step, the individual tools are divided into tool sets based on 0-1 programming problem in order to balance a total machining time by using the individual tool sets and reducing a total number of transportation processes. In the second step, the individual tool sets are allocated to the Machining Centers (MCs) based on a quadratic assignment problem in order to minimize transportation total distances of jobs.
Development and Analysis of Small Scale Water Accumulator by Using Piston Type
Authors: Saadun Mohd Noor Asril , Yusof Ahmad Anas , Zakaria Muhammad Ismail
Published: May 2015

An accumulator is an auxiliary component in a hydraulic system as it stores the energy and avoids the pump from running continuously through the system which can reduce the pumps life. The accumulator is also used as the power source in the hydraulic hybrid system to accelerate the vehicle. A common hydraulic system uses the hydraulic oil as their working medium, but there is an application using water due to the high accessibility and environmental concern. In this paper, an accumulator is developed by using weighing method to increase the pressure in the system. This system uses water as a medium to provide clean environment as well as safe for mobile purpose. The system includes electric motor, water pump, directional control valve, pressure control valve and motor hydraulic. The performance of the accumulator is obtained by measuring the ratio of output and input pressure. The source of electricity is varied by using an inverter to control the frequency and the power of the pump. From the experiment, the pressure output and flow rate decreased with the increasing of the loads on top of the accumulator, while the pressure loss increased with the number of load. The operational frequency is optimal at a low reading compared to a higher frequency.
The Effect of Swing Arms Posture Motion on Walking Straightness of Humanoid Robot
Authors: Razali M.R. , Miskon Muhammad Fahmi , Shaari N.L.A.
Published: May 2015

The study of humanoid robot locomotion has been focusing on the development of walking pattern generation. However, the robot has the possibility of slipping on the ground due to the simultaneous occurrence of translational and rotational motions as a robot is walking. Technically, both issues disrupt the walking straightness of the robot. This study investigates the influence of the robot swing arms posture with a modified walking pattern generation to minimize the problem. Simulations were done by preparing 10 different elbow joint angles with swing arms and each one of them were tested with the same value of Maximum Lifting Height, H. The analysis was done by collecting the data from the Global Positional Sensor (GPS) from the robot and calculating the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) to determine which variable has the lowest percentage of RMSE. The angular velocity graph was used to analyze the deviation encountered by the robot while walking by determining the average of angular velocity. The results showed that the arm posture of the robot does influence its walking straightness in a small amount.
Modelling and Analysis of All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) Using System Identification for Yaw Stability
Authors: Azis F.A. , Aras M.S.M. , Rashid M.Z.A. , Khamis Khairul Syafiq , Ghani O.A.A. , Nur Othman M.
Published: May 2015

This paper presents the modelling and analysis of path-following planning motion of an All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV) using system identification technique in term of yaw stability. The modelling is based on the single track and established by using Newtonian equation motion. Mathematical modelling is constructed in form of state space equation with the parameters used are measured through physical measurement of prototype ATV. Based on this model selection, the open loop system is simulated and the result will be validated by using system identification. Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor is used to collect and measure the data for the path-following planning. The analysis results for yaw stability of prototype ATV are validated by system identification method with step response approach. Both of the simulated and measured data is compared and the data is estimated to get the best fit for yaw estimation by using complimentary filter technique. From the result, the best fit for yaw estimation is 91.96% and considered as stabilized at steering angle of 45°.
An Experimental Study of Wear Mechanism on High Speed Machining of FC300 Gray Cast Iron Using TiAlN Coated Carbide Cutting Tool
Authors: Nurul Fatin M.R. , Mohd Hadzley A.B. , Raja Izamshah Raja Abdullah , Amrand M.A.
Published: May 2015

This paper presents an experimental study of wear mechanism on high speed milling of FC300 gray cast iron using TiAlN coated carbide cutting tool. The experiment was carried out under dry cutting condition with different cutting speed (95-143m/min) and feed rate (4000-7000 mm/min). The cutting tool for machining FC300 gray cast iron is a ball nose end mill ø32 mm coated with TiAlN. Wear mechanism was analyzed at VB 0.08mm after 60 minute machining. The flank wear increased when the spindle speed and feed rate increased caused by the generated high shearing force and high cutting temperature. The dominant wear mechanisms appear to be the abrasion, adhesion, chipping and delaminating of coating at the contact surface of cutting tool. Formation of built-up edge (BUE) was evidence for most of the cutting trials.
Investigating and Modeling the Machinability of Al 6061 Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Khidhir Basim A. , Shahab Ayad F. , Abdullah Sadiq E. , Saeed Barzan A.
Published: May 2015

Decreasing the effect of temperature, surface roughness and vibration amplitude during turning process will improve machinability. Mathematical model has been developed to predict responses of the surface roughness, temperature and vibration in relation to machining parameters such as the cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The Box-Behnken First order and second-order response surface methodology was employed to create a mathematical model, and the adequacy of the model was verified using analysis of variance. The experiments were conducted on aluminium 6061 by cemented carbide. The direct and interaction effect of the machining parameters with responses were analyzed. It was found that the feed rate, cutting speed, and depth of cut played a major role on the responses, such as the surface roughness and temperature when machining mild steel AISI 1018. This analysis helped to select the process parameters to improve machinability, which reduces cost and time of the turning process.
Multi Objective Optimization of Cutting Parameters in Machining Cellulose Based Hybrid Composites
Authors: Izamshah Raja , Zuraidah Zainudin , Kasim Mohd Shahir , Hadzley M. , Amran Mohd
Published: May 2015

Cellulose based hybrid composites are gaining popularity in the growing green communities. With extensive studies and increasing applications for future advancement, the need for an accurate and reliable guidance in machining this type of composites has increased enormously. Smooth and defect free machined surface are always the ultimate objectives. The present work deals with the study of machining parameters (i.e. spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut) and their effects on machining performance (i.e. surface roughness and delamination) to establish an optimized setup of machining parameters in achieving multi objective machining performance. Cellulose based hybrid composites consist of jute (a bast fiber) and glass fiber embedded in polyester resins. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was chosen as the design of experiment approach for this study. Based on that experimental approach, 17 experimental runs were conducted. Mathematical model for each response was developed based on the experimental data. Adequacy of the models were analyzed statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in determining the significant input variables and possible interactions. The multi objective optimization was performed through numerical optimization, and the predicted results were validated. The agreement between the experimental and selected solution was found to be strong, between 95% to 96%, thus validating the solution as the optimal machining condition. The findings suggest that feed rate was the main factor affecting surface roughness and delamination .
Experimental Methods for NiCrBSi-WC Cladding on Gray Cast Iron Trim Cutter Die
Authors: Hussein Nur Izan Syahriah , Kamarul S.R. , Ayof Mohamad Nizam
Published: May 2015

The wear on the cutting edge of the gray cast iron trim cutter die will result in the burr formation on the trimmed blanks. This will increase the rejection rate, and hence, decreasing the efficiency of the production. By applying a wear resistant material, the wear rate on the cutting edge of the die is believed to be minimized. In this paper, the methodology of the experiment on the cladding process using gas metal arc as the heat source, and NiCrBSi-WC as the filler material on gray cast iron substrate is presented. NiCrBSi-WC is chosen as the filler material because of its outstanding wear resistance characteristic. Furthermore, it is a popular choice as a wear resistant material in various types of industry. The purpose of the planned experiment is to maximize the wear resistance of the trim cutting die. It is also a fraction of the case study based on the parts production in the automotive industry in Malaysia.
Design Analysis of Motion Simulation for Development of Rehabilitation Device
Authors: Samat Khairul Fadzli , Sayed Nordin Sayed Kushairi , Abdullah Zulkeflee
Published: May 2015

A current study regarding the development of a rehabilitation device for lower extremity is presented. The device is specifically designed for rehabilitation of post-stroke patients who encounter walking weakness. The rehabilitation device is categorized as an active device that is power-driven by a DC motor. Its design was the outcome of improvements to counter the problems existed in the a newly developed prototype. A motion simulation was used to ratify the motion capability of the proposed design in the modelling design process. Analysis of kinematic and dynamic behavior of the motion simulation has been carried out. The smoothness of the mechanical movement and the linear velocity provided by the device are acceptable as additional work of the design process. Based on a statistical analysis, the study found that there is no significant difference from the motor torque requirement even though the angular velocity of the motor was changed substantially.
Analysis of Tool Performance during Ball-End Milling of Aluminium Alloy 6061-T6
Authors: Kasim Mohd Shahir , Atan Mohamad Hazizan , Che Haron C.H. , Ghani Jaharah A. , Sulaiman Mohd Amri , Mohamad Effendi , Minhat Mohamad , Hadzley M. , Saedon J.B.
Published: May 2015

This article presents the tool wear mechanism when machining Aluminium alloy 6061-T6 with PVD coated carbide under dry cutting condition. Cutting parameters selected were cutting speed, Vc = 115-145 m/min; feed rate fz = 0.15-0.2 mm/tooth and depth of cut, ap = 0.5-0.75 mm. The result showed the tool life of PVD TiAlN ranged from 11 to 97 min. Full factorial approach was employed to exhibit relationship between parameter input and output. From the analysis, cutting speed was found to be the most significant factor for tool performance followed by feed rate and depth of cut. It was also found that most of failure modes occurred were notch wear and flaking near those found near depth of cut line.
Risk Screening as Input for Risk Assessment of Rotating Equipment
Authors: Wassan Rano Khan , Mohd Amin Abd Majid
Published: May 2015

Risk assessment of complex rotating equipment is costly and time consuming process. Due to the reason, only critical equipment should be considered for detailed risk assessment. In this study, a semi-quantitative risk assessment model was developed to assess the risk of rotating equipment. The model consists of four main parts, initial risk screening, risk assessment, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and maintenance strategy planning based on reliability concept. The model was used to assess risk of rotating equipment of power generation unit. Initial risk screening indicated compressor, combustion chamber, turbine and lube oil system of the power generation system as critical equipment under serious risks. Risk assessment using Borda ranking minimized the risk ties and showed compressor, combustion chamber and turbine were more critical as compared to lube oil system. Failure modes were identified using FMEA, 68% of the downtime was due to compressor, combustion chamber and turbine failure modes. Only 32% of the downtime was due to lube oil subsystems failure modes. Maintenance interval for compressor, combustion chamber and turbine was calculated 2 months and 5 months for lube oil system to reduce risk.
The Influence of Nitric Acid Treatment on the Crystallographic Structure of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Norazlina M.Y. , Azizah S. , Dimin Mohd Fairuz , Faridah Y. , Rostam Omar
Published: May 2015

Commercially available Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) were refluxed with nitric acid in order to improve the density of the acidic surface functional groups. The formation of oxygen containing functional groups may lead to surface enhancement of MWCNTs for further modifications. The crude MWCNTs were refluxed in nitric acid at 100 °C for time ranging between 3 to 24 h. The influence of treatment time on crystalline structure was investigated using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD); the results confirmed that all treated MWCNTs are crystalline. The density of the surface functional groups on treated MWCNTs was examined by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The FTIR spectrums revealed a strong vibration band at 1739, 1219, 1369 cm-1 that indicates covalently bound acidic surface functional groups existed on the treated MWCNTs. The amount of acidic groups increased with the reflux time up to 15 h treatment as measured by an acid-base Boehm titration. The vibrational spectroscopy of these functional groups also increased with the increasing reflux time.