bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Efficacy of Intra-Articular Cortevcosteroid Injection and Phonophoresis in the Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis
Authors: Nuery Dr. Nuzhat , Rahman Dr. Sohely , Chowdhury Dr. Md. Arifur Rahman , Alam Dr. Md. Aminul , Kamruzzaman Dr. Mohammed
Published: January 2025

Background: The term ‘frozen shoulder’ should be reserved for a well-defined disorder characterized by progressive pain and stiffness of shoulder which usually resolves spontaneously after about 18 months. The objectives of treatment are to relieve pain and thus restore motion and function of shoulder. Recommended treatment approaches are physical therapy, local and systemic corticosteroid, anti-inflammatory drugs, antidepressants, nerve blocks and manipulation under anesthesia. Objective: Compare the efficacy of intra-articular corticosteroid injection and phonophoresis in the treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis. Method And Material: : This randomized clinical trial was performed in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, over a period of six months. Study population was the patients of adhesive capsulitis disease attending the out- patient department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation during the study period. Meticulous history taking, clinical examination and relevant investigations were done. Eligible participants were allocated into two groups, group A-intra-articular corticosteroid injection and group B- phonophoresis by randomization with the help of lottery. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical program Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16.0. Continuous variables (age, etc) were expressed as mean ± SD and comparison of socio- demographic variable of both groups was measures by chi-square test and outcome variables by t-test. A “p” value <0.05 was considered as significant with 95% confidence interval. Result: The mean age of the patients in this study was 51.47 ± 6.30 years. Out of 74 patients 44 were female & 30 were male and the ratio female: male ratio 1.46: 1. Out of 74patients 40.54% patients had right sided involvement and 59.45% patients had left sided involvement. Among 74 patients, service holder were 25 (33.80%), house wife 23 (31%), reteired (12.16%), labour 5(6.755), teacher 4(5.41%) and others 8(10.81%). Significant difference of VAS score and DASH score between Group A and Group B was found at week 2 and Week 6 follow up (P<0.05). Significant difference was found at week 2 and week 6 follow up (P<0.05) regarding ROM (flexion, abduction, internal rotation, external rotation) in Group A than Group B. Conclusion: Present study shown that intra-articular corticosteroid injection was more effective to reduce pain, improve ROM and disability in adhesive capsulitis.
A Study on Drug Prescribing Pattern in Psychiatry Out-Patient Department from a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Afrin Dr. Tasnin , Hafsa Dr Najnin Jahan , Hoque Dr. Md. Mazharul , Chowdhury Dr. Debojani Paul
Published: January 2025

Background: Conventional public health statistics, which concentrate on mortality rather than morbidity or dysfunction, severely underrepresent the massive burden of sickness caused by behavioral and psychiatric illnesses. Objective: To determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and the patterns of psychotropic drug prescriptions. Materials and Methods: It was a hospital-based prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Sir Salimullah Medical College & Hospital during July’ 2022 to December’ 2022. A total of 765 prescriptions were selected. All patients attending the psychiatry OPD during the period of the study were included and analyzed as per the WHO drug indicators. Results: Clonazepam constitutes 119 (51.74%), Lorazepam 74 (32.17%), and Others 37 (16.09%) of the 230 anxiolytics listed in the table. In 195 antidepressant drugs, 76 (38.97%) were escitalopram, 33 (16.92%) were amitriptyline, 47 (24.10%) were imipramine, and 39 (20%) were other antidepressants. Antipsychotics were detected in 194 patients (21% of the cohort population). This includes Olanzapine (88.36%), Haloperidol (34.54%), Risperidone (14.22%), and Other Antipsychotics (12.89%). Trihexyphenidyl was prescribed to 75 of the 88 study participants, accounting for 85.23% of the total. Prescribing Indicators and it was observed that an average number of drugs per prescription were 2.59±1.37. Average number of Antipsychotics prescribed per prescription was 2.73±1.46. The number of antipsychotic drugs prescribed by generic name was 52.94%. Percentage of injectable drugs prescribed 2.48%, Percentage of the prescriptions containing psychotropic FDC 20.78%, Percentage of psychotropic drugs prescribed from essential drug list 42.75%, Percentage of psychotropic drugs prescribed from hospital pharmacy 62.22%. Conclusion: The most frequently prescribed antidepressant, antipsychotic, and BZD medications were escitalopram, olanzapine, and clonazepam, in that order. Carbamazepine was preferred over lithium as a mood stabilizer.
Kié Petőfi? – a köztéri szoborállítás néhány problémájáról
Authors: Tamás Dénes
Published: January 2025

A tanulmány egy sepsiszentgyörgyi köztéri szoborállítási esetet dolgoz fel. Az eset középpontjába egy szoborpályázat áll, amelyet Sepsiszentgyörgy városának Önkormányzata a Petőfi-emlékév kapcsán hirdetett meg. A szoborpályázat nagy társadalmi vitát váltott ki, amely túllépte a város kereteit. A tanulmány megpróbál egy értelmezési keretet kidolgozni, és az esetet a hatalmon lévők, a kultúra képviselői és a társadalom, a közösség szempontjából értelmezni. A központi állítás a következő: abból kiindulva, hogy hogyan állítunk köztéri szobrokat, arra is választ kapunk, hogyan működik egy helyi közösség. A tanulmány ennek a működésnek az anomáliáit próbálja felfedni és értelmezési keretet biztosítani számukra.
Exploration of Citrus Germplasm in Mount Leuser National Park Region
Authors: Husaini Assauwab Muhammad , Sumoharjo Deden , Sadri Sahli
Published: January 2025

Citrus holds significant economic value and nutritional benefits in Indonesia, with varieties like lemon, mandarin orange, and grapefruit being extensively grown for consumption and industrial purposes. The diversity of citrus germplasm plays a crucial role in developing superior varieties that can withstand diseases and environmental changes. This study aimed to assess the diversity of citrus plant germplasm in Gunung Leuser National Park (TNGL), North Sumatra, known for its rich biodiversity. The research involved administrative preparations, field surveys to collect citrus samples from various locations in TNGL, morphological and genetic analysis, and the development of improved varieties through plant breeding. The observations revealed that citrus in TNGL belongs to the Rutaceae family, characterized by compound leaves, thorny stems, strong taproots, and fruits resembling Citrus sinensis. These traits indicate adaptation to local conditions and potential for enhancing citrus varieties' adaptability and productivity. This research is anticipated to support the sustainable management of citrus germplasm and will be published in a reputable national journal.
GAMBARAN BIAYA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DENGAN TERAPI ANTIDIABETIK ORAL DI RSUD ULIN BANJARMASIN
Authors: Hartanto Dedi , Tuty Mulyani Tuty
Published: January 2025

Diabetes melitus merupakan salah satu penyakit yang membutuhkan terapi yang lama, bahkan dilakukan sepanjang hidup pasien dan membutuhkan biaya yang cukup besar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran biaya pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan terapi antidiabetik oral di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara deskriptif pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan terapi antidiabetik oral yang berkunjung ke bagian rawat jalan RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin pada bulan Maret 2016. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 45 pasien. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan melihat ke bagian instalasi farmasi bagian rekam medik dan kebagian keuangan RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Dari 45 pasien yang di analisis, 66,67 %Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â  perempuan dan 33,33%Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â  laki-laki. Pasien dengan rentan umur 55-64 adalah persentase tertinggi 37,78%. Biaya total terapi rata-rata Rp 500,743 per bulan. Biaya tertinggi adalah biaya obat (53,27%), di ikuti biaya untuk laboratorium (36,90%), dan biaya terendah adalah biaya pemeriksaan dokter (9,83%).Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â
PENURUNAN BILANGAN PEROKSIDA DENGAN KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa normalis L)
Authors: Ferdinan Ade , Hairunisa Hairunisa , Justicia Adhisty Kharisma , Andhika Andhika
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan dari kulit buah pisang kepok (Musa normalis L.) dalam menurunkan bilangan peroksida. Penentuan bilangan peroksida dilakukan dengan cara iodometri. Hasil didapatkan nilai bilangan peroksida dengan waktu perendaman 1, 2, 3, dan 4 jam berturut-turut adalah 35,16; 30,60; 28,00; 23,11 meq/kg dengan persentase 0,25 % (1 jam), 17,54% (2 jam), 24,54% (3 jam) dan 37,27% (4 jam). kulit buah pisang kepok dapat menurunkan bilangan peroksida.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT ANTIDIABETIK ORAL TERHADAP KADAR HEMOGLOBIN TERGLIKASI (HbA1c) PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2
Authors: Adikusuma Wirawan , Qiyaam Nurul
Published: January 2025

Kepatuhan minum obat dibutuhkan untuk menunjang keberhasilan terapi pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2). Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengkaji hubungan tingkat kepatuhan minum obat antidiabetik oral terhadap kadar HbA1c pasien DMT2. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode crossectional dengan mengambil data secara prospektik selama periode April ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å“ Juni 2017. Subyek penelitian ini adalah 40 pasien DMT2 rawat jalan di Poli penyakit dalam RSUP Nusa Tenggara Barat. Pengukuran kepatuhan menggunakan metode hitung pil (pill count) dan kadar HbA1c diambil berdasarkan hasil uji laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kepatuhan pasien DMT2 yang tergolong patuh 50% dan yang tidak patuh 50% serta adanya korelasi negatif antara kepatuhan pengobatan pasien DMT2 terhadap kadar HbA1c (r=0,081, p=0,619). Berdasarkan hal tersebut Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat kepatuhan minum obat antidiabetik oral terhadap kadar HbA1c
AKTIVITAS ANTIPLASMODIUM In vitro DAN IDENTIFIKASI GOLONGAN SENYAWA DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL BATANG MANURAN (Coptosapelta tomentosa Valeton ex K.Heyne) ASAL KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Arnida Arnida , Sahi Eka Rahmawaty , Sutomo Sutomo
Published: January 2025

Resistensi Plasmodium terhadap obat malaria mengakibatkan kegagalan pengobatan. Hal ini merupakan ancaman terlebih belum ditemukannya obat alternatif yang efektif untuk melawan resistensi.Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â  Oleh karena itu ketersediaan antimalaria baru sangat diperlukan untuk melawan resistensi. Pencarian obat baru terus dilakukan melalui berbagai cara termasuk eksplorasi dan pengembangan bahan alam. Pemilihan bahan alam biasanya berdasarkan penggunaan secara empiris oleh masyarakat. Tanaman Manuran (Coptosapelta tomentosa Valeton ex K.Heyne) digunakan oleh masyarakat di Kotabaru Kalimantan Selatan untuk mengobati malaria. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan adalah melakukan uji aktivitas antiplasmodium in vitro dengan menentukan nilai konsentrasi penghambatan (IC50Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â­) dan melakukan identifikasi golongan senyawa dari ekstrak etanol batang C. tomentosa Valeton ex K.Heyne. Berdasarkan identifikasi golongan senyawa kimia dengan skrining fitokimia dan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis menunjukkan adanya senyawa flavonoid, terpenoid, saponin, tanin dan antrakuinon pada batang C. tomentosa Valeton ex K.Heyne. Ekstrak etanol batang C. tomentosa Valeton ex K.Heyne mempunyai aktivitas antiplasmodium in vitro tergolong aktif dengan IC50 45,864 Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â± 0,76 Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Âµg/mL.
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK KERANG TAHU (Meretrix meretrix) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Fauziah Yulianti , Setiawan Muhammad Azdar , Fitriyani Fitriyani
Published: January 2025

Kerang tahu Pemanfaatannya tidak hanya sebagai sumber nutrisi, tapi dapat digunakan sebagai pengobatan antara lain antikanker, antimikroba, antioksidan, antiinflamasi, pengatur tekanan darah, pengatur kadar gula darah dan penurun kadar kolesterol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji daya hambat ekstrak kerang tahu (Meretrix meretrix) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan mengetahui konsentrasi yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.Rangkaian percobaan adalah pengujian daya hambat dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancang eksperimen sederhana dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 kali replikasi. Kerang tahu dibuat dalam bentuk ekstrak dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat. Ekstrak kerang tahu kemudian dibuat dalam seri konsentrasi 10%, 20% dan 30%, lalu dilakukan pengujian daya hambat dengan menggunakan metode paper disc diffusion.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak kerang tahu pada konsentrasi 10% mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan rata-rata zona hambat 2,023 mm, konsentrasi 20% rata-rata 2,3 mm dan konsentrasi 30%Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â  rata-rata 4,02 mm. Hasil dari uji ANOVA pada taraf kepercayaaan 0,05 diperoleh nilai F hitung 62,8539) > F tabel (3,48) yang menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan dari keempat kelompok perlakuan.
UJI FITOKIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL UMBI PAKU ATAI MERAH (Angiopteris ferox COPEL)
Authors: Sundu Reksi , Sapri Sapri , Nurhasnawati Henny
Published: January 2025

Umbi paku atai merah (angiopteris ferox Copel) biasa dimanfaatkan sebagai obat tradisional oleh suku dayak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui metabolit sekunder dan aktivitas antioksidan pada umbi paku atai merah. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan uji fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak yang ditentukan dengan metode DPPH (1,1-Difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil) menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukan bahwa ekstrak etanol umbi paku atai merah mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin dan steroid. Sementara itu aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak tersebut tergolong kuat dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 193,20 ppm.
POTENSI ANDROGRAFOLID, DEOKSIANDROGRAFOLID, NEOANDROGRAFOLID SEBAGAI ANTIATEROSKLEROSIS PADA CASPASE-1: STUDI IN SILICO
Authors: Ugrasena Putu Yudha , Puspita Sari Dyah Ratna Ayu , Indraswari Putu Ika Indah
Published: January 2025

Atherosclerosis is a vascular pathological condition characterized by active, chronic, progressive inflammation and plaque formation in the arterial walls Interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) cytokine influences every stage of atherosclerosis, from destroying monocytes and other immune cells to forming plaques. Caspase-1 protein plays a role in activating the inflammatory cytokine Pro-Interleukin-1 Beta (Pro IL-1β) to IL-1β. One of the plants that has the potential to treat atherosclerosis is Andrographis paniculata. Andrographolide and its analogs, such as neoandrographolide and deoxyandrographolide, are the main bioactive compounds with various pharmacological activities. This study aimed to screen the activity of the compounds through the description of the stability of the compounds in protein caspase-1. This type of research was an in-silico exploratory study of the caspase-1 protein (PDB ID: 1RWK), with compound preparations, protein preparations, validating the molecular docking method to docking andrographolide neoandrografolid and deoksiandrografolid compounds on the target protein. The compounds has an affinity for the target protein with binding energy values ​​of -5.95 kcal/mol, -6.02 kcal/mol, and -6.81 kcal/mol respectively, which are smaller than the native ligand -4.77 kcal/mol. Docking results show that andrographolide, neoandrografolid, and deoxyandrografolid can potentially inhibit caspase-1, which activates the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β in atherosclerosis.
HUBUNGAN KOMORBIDITAS DAN PERILAKU TERHADAP TITER ANTIBODI DAN TERPAPAR COVID-19 PASCA VAKSIN ASTRAZENECA DOSIS LENGKAP DI UTA 45 JAKARTA
Authors: Lukas Stefanus , Diana Laila Ramatillah  , Aldi Yufri , Fatma Sri Wahyuni
Published: January 2025

AstraZeneca vaccine has become one of the efforts to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the relationship between the AstraZeneca vaccine and antibody titers and its association with exposure to COVID-19 infection. This study used a retrospective and prospective cohort design with convenience sampling. A total of 102 respondents who had received a complete dose of the AstraZeneca vaccine and were willing to be followed up for 18 months were involved in this study. Sociodemographic data, comorbidity history, lifestyle, and antibody titers were measured at two times: before the first dose and after the second dose of vaccinations. This study found that there was no significant relationship between comorbidities and respondent behavior (smoking and alcohol consumption) with COVID-19 antibody titers. Physical activity (exercise) showed a positive relationship with COVID-19 antibody titers. Respondents who exercised regularly had higher antibody titers than those who did not. There was a positive relationship between comorbidities, smoking, and alcohol consumption with the risk of exposure to COVID-19 infection after vaccination. This study found that physical activity (exercise) can increase COVID-19 antibody titers and provide protection against COVID-19 infection after vaccination.
LAPORAN KASUS: ANALISIS KOMBINASI PENGGUNAAN HEPATOPROTEKTOR PADA CEDERA HATI KARENA INFEKSI BAKTERI STREPTOCOCCUS VIRIDANS
Authors: Muhammad Hasan Andryanto  , Fauna Herawati  , Umi Fatmawati
Published: January 2025

Streptococcus viridans is one of the bacteria that can cause Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP). CAP disease has a higher prevalence of non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Continuous increase in fat levels in the liver triggered by pneumonia can cause inflammation in the liver, it causes a rapid decline in liver function and results in increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin. The use of hepatoprotectors in conditions of impaired liver function is essential to improve liver cell regeneration and promote liver detoxification. One of the drugs and supplements that can act as a hepatoprotector is ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and Curcuma. Here we report the use of hepatoprotector drugs in cases of Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) disease due to Streptococcus viridans bacteria in patients without comorbidities with the results of liver function test examinations from the beginning of hospital admission, during treatment, until the patient is discharged. The purpose of our case report is to illustrate the effect of the combined use of UDCA and Curcuma drugs on liver injury due to Streptococcus viridans bacterial infection in order to prevent complications, morbidity, mortality and improve the quality of life of patients. Based on the case reports that we present, the combined use of UDCA and Curcuma drugs as hepatoprotectors can improve liver function with reduced parameters of AST, ALT, and total bilirubin levels.
Balloon pulmonary angioplasty in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: short- and long-term results from a cohort in Brazil
Authors: Solano de Freitas Souza1,2 Fabio , Gottschald Ferreira1,2, Marcelo , Andrade Melo3 Iury , Ferreira Leite de Sá4 Marta , Melo Coelho Loureiro4,5 Camila , Abreu5 Rosalvo , Alves de Carvalho6 Paulo Henrique , dos Santos Viana1,2,7 Mateus , Oliveira Jr2 Valdemar , Fonteles Ritt2,7 Luiz Eduardo
Published: January 2025

Objective: A significant number of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) are not eligible for pulmonary endarterectomy and may be treated with balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA). Although BPA programs have recently been developed in Brazil, no results have yet been published. The objective of this study was to assess the clinical and hemodynamic progression of the first patients treated with BPA at our center. Methods: This was an observational study of 23 patients with CTEPH enrolled in the BPA program of a specialized center in Brazil between 2015 and 2020. Results: After a mean of 5.6 ± 1.3 sessions and 11 ± 2.8 treated segments/patient (at a mean of 6.7 ± 2.9 months post-BPA), there was a 26% decrease in mean pulmonary artery pressure (51 ± 11 vs. 38 ± 11 mmHg; p < 0.0001), a 43% decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance (10 ± 3.7 vs. 5.7 ± 3.3 WU; p < 0.0001), and a 22.5% increase in the cardiac index (2.38 ± 0.6 vs. 2.95 ± 0.6 L/min/m2; p < 0.0001). There was an increase in the six-minute walk distance and an improvement in functional class. Acute lung injury with clinical manifestations was observed after 7% of the BPA sessions. None of the patients required intubation. During a mean outpatient follow-up period of 38 ± 22 months, two patients were referred for additional BPA sessions due to clinical worsening and new hospitalizations. Two deaths were recorded (due to CTEPH progression and gastrointestinal bleeding, respectively). Conclusions: Among this first group of patients treated with BPA in Brazil, there was significant short- and long-term clinical improvement, together with a low frequency of complications.
Silica-exposed patients with silicosis show shorter telomeres than do unexposed individuals: a pilot study in a population in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Santos de Castro1,2 Marcos César , de Carvalho Costa1 Lucas , Cezar Rodrigues Salum1 Kaio , Albuquerque de Castro4 Hermano , Canto Ribeiro4 Patrícia , Costa3 Walter , Santos Ferreira Nani2 Angela , Barzotto Kohlrausch5 Fabiana
Published: January 2025

Objective: Silicosis is a pneumoconiosis characterized by fibrosis of the lung parenchyma caused by the inhalation of silica particles. Silica dust inhalation is associated with inflammation and induction of oxidative stress in the lungs. This oxidative stress affects telomeres, which are short tandem DNA repeats that cap the end of linear chromosomes. We aimed to determine whether telomere length (TL) correlates with silicosis or severity of silicosis in silica-exposed workers in Brazil. Methods: We included 200 men in southeastern Brazil: 100 with silicosis and 100 who had not been exposed to silica. We extracted DNA from buccal cells and assessed TL by multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: The median TL was significantly shorter in the patients with silicosis than in the unexposed controls (p < 0.0001), although it did not differ between the patients with simple silicosis and those with complicated silicosis (p = 0.961). We also found that, in patients with silicosis, TL was influenced by smoking (p = 0.034) and by a history of personal protective equipment use in the workplace (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Silica exposure appears to have an impact on TL, which was found to be shorter in patients with silicosis than in unexposed controls. Further studies are needed in order to confirm the impact that oxidative stress caused by silica inhalation has on telomeres.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT AS A GUARDIAN OF THE CONSTITUTION BETWEEN INDONESIA AND GERMANY
Authors: Sabendi Putri Chatrine , Rafi Darajati Muhammad
Published: January 2025

After years of being formed, the Indonesian Constitutional Court is considered to have carried out its duties and functions well. However, if we look further, there are still shortcomings and several things that the Indonesian Constitutional Court has not accommodated in carrying out its duties and functions compared to the German Constitutional Court which is known to the world as one of the Constitutional Courts which is often used as a reference by other countries in the establishment of the Constitutional Court. This article will discuss the differences between Indonesian Constitutional Court and German Constitutional Court which aims to sort out the positive things that can be an improvement material for the Indonesian Constitutional Court to strengthen the Indonesian Constitutional Court. This writing uses a normative writing method with a comparative approach and a historical approach. The results of this study show that there are several arrangements from the German Constitutional Court that can actully be applied by the Indonesian Constitutional Court such as the authority of constitutional complaints and constitutional questions, arrangements regarding the expansion of the applicant party in the application for dissolution of a political party to the Constitutional Court, and regarding the elimination of re-election for a constitutional judge and also about the addition of their term of office.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS CHILDREN’S INDIGENOUS LEGAL COMMUNITIES IN MUSI RAWAS UTARA REGENCY, SOUTH SUMATERA PROVINCE
Authors: Fransisco Wawan
Published: January 2025

A group of people who have the same feelings in a group, living in one place due to genealogy or geological factors is a Customary Law Community. the rules regarding rights and obligations on material and immaterial goods are already owned in their own customary law. the normative legal writing method because it examines statutory regulations, literature, and journals and papers related to the material under study, which consists of the types of data obtained in this study are secondary data, namely data obtained from library research and documentation, which is the results of research and processing of others, which are already available in literature or documentation. Protection for indigenous peoples as regulated in Article 28I paragraph (3) as well as in Article 18 B (2) of the 1945 Constitution and operational regulations are very necessary so that Indonesian legal order can be implemented properly. This problem is because the amendments to the 1945 Constitution at that time were laden with the interests of the administrators at that time. On the other hand, the state also recognizes and respects the rights of indigenous peoples, as well as on the other hand, they are required to fulfill the requirements to realize their rights.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTICLE 88 REGULATION OF THE MINISTER OF HOME AFFAIRS NUMBER 120 OF 2018 CONCERNING AMENDMENT TO REGULATION OF THE MINISTER OF HOME AFFAIRS NUMBER 80 OF 2015 CONCERNING ESTABLISHMENT OF LOCAL LEGAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Ekawati Adam Anna , Anna Marpaung Lintje
Published: January 2025

Based on the provisions of Article 88 paragraph (2) Permendagri 120/2018 jo. Permendagri 80/2015 Raperda after discussion must be facilitated. Facilitation is an act of coaching carried out by the Minister of Home Affairs to the Regional Government. Facilitation is carried out to minimize the cancellation of regional regulations. How is the implementation and the inhibiting factors for the implementation of Article 88 paragraph (2) Permendagri 120/2018 jo. Permendagri 80/2015. Inhibiting factors: lack of socialization related to the mechanism for facilitating draft local regulations, limited number of drafting staff of laws and regulations, discrepancy between the number of regional legal product drafts with the time limit set by law, and the low quality of the proposed draft regional regulations for facilitation. Thus, it is necessary to pay attention to the facilitation mechanism in the formation of legal products and add qualified drafters of statutory regulations.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF VICTIMS – RIGHTS IN SEXUAL ABUSE CASES OF CHILDREN
Authors: Maliastra Wayan
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the legal protection of victims' rights in cases of sexual abuse of children. That is special treatment in the form of obtaining legal protection in obtaining better civil rights, political rights, economic rights, social rights and cultural rights. So that when the child becomes an adult, he will understand and understand more about the rights he has. According to Hans Kelsen, legal theory is the science of applicable law and not only of what law should be. The formulation of the problem includes: 1. How is the protection of legal protection for the rights of children who are victims of sexual harassment in laws and regulations? and 2. How is the implementation of legal protection for child victims of sexual harassment in fulfilling the elements of justice? This type of normative research uses a juridical approach, legal principles and comparative law, judging from its nature this research is classified as descriptive research, namely research that describes what is about a situation. The research method used is qualitative with a normative approach. The authors collect data from libraries, documentation, print media and electronic media. From the research results, it can be obtained that legal protection for child victims of sexual harassment is regulated in Law no. 35 of 2014 changes to Law no. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection by providing children's rights in terms of access to fulfillment of rights, child victims of sexual abuse get legal protection in terms of providing legal assistance, rehabilitation and prevention, implementation of legal protection for child victims of sexual harassment to obtain their rights and get maximum legal protection and assistance.
LEGIS INDEPENDENCE RATIO OF JUDICIAL POWER IN THE CRIME OF CORRUPTION IN COMPARATIVE INDONESIA WITH HONG KONG
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Fajar M. Noor , Achmad Deni
Published: January 2025

In a country the distribution of power based on trias politica will place state power in the executive, legislative and judicial branches. With regard to judicial power, the court institution in carrying out its functions is provided by the principle of independence of judicial power, this principle is the main principle for the court in protecting human rights, the rule of law and also justice. The principle of the independence of judicial power in its application, the judge in carrying out his duties must carry out the judicial function in accordance with the oath and the law without any interference from any party (directive). In the Indonesian legal system, judicial power is regulated in the provisions of Article 24 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution which states that judicial power is exercised by a Supreme Court and judicial bodies under it within the general court environment, religious court environment, military court environment, administrative court environment. state and by a Constitutional Court. This research is a legal research with a legal comparison method between the Indonesian legal system and the Hong Kong legal system, where the analysis makes a country's national law more coherent when compared to other countries. The first result: the establishment of a corruption court in Indonesia is in line with the UNCAC convention and also the Declaration of Human Rights, in which the formation of a corruption court in Indonesia uses a court structure and ad hoc judges which have many weaknesses in the aspect of guaranteeing the independence of judicial power for ad hoc judges . Second: the formation of a corruption court in Hong Kong is guaranteed in the constitution with regard to institutions and institutions, the Hong Kong constitution stipulates a prohibition on the establishment of an ad hoc court, therefore the corruption court in Hong Kong is a permanent court structure and not ad hoc in nature. So that the guarantee of the independence of the judiciary against judges is more guaranteed.
МЕТОДИКА ПРИЕМА, ОБРАБОТКИ И РАСПОЗНАВАНИЯ РАДИОСИГНАЛОВ В ЗАДАЧАХ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ БЕСПИЛОТНЫХ ЛЕТАТЕЛЬНЫХ АППАРАТОВ
Authors: Ромащенко М.А. , Мантула А.Ю.
Published: January 2025

рассматривается один из вариантов обнаружения функционирования беспилотной авиационной системы с целью ее дальнейшей идентификации и определения правомерности нахождения беспилотного аппарата в воздушном пространстве. Сформулирована проблема обосновывающая необходимость быстрого и своевременного противодействия незаконной деятельности беспилотных авиационных систем в целях безопасности производственных объектов, инфраструктуры и гражданского населения. Поставлена задача разработки методики позволяющей автоматизировать процесс получения и обработки данных для обнаружения беспилотных летательных аппаратов и их последующей идентификации. Проведен обзор основных существующих подходов к обнаружению беспилотных летательных аппаратов, среди которых отдельно рассмотрено радио- и радиолокационное обнаружение. Описана и приведена структурная схема методики приема, обработки и распознавания радиосигналов, позволяющая проводить обнаружение беспилотных летательных аппаратов. Проведено экспериментальное исследование предложенной методики, заключающееся в имитации нахождения в воздушном пространстве беспилотника, путем излучения характерных сигнатур. Последовательно выполнив шаги методики по анализу радиоэфира, адаптивной подстройки порога обнаружения, цифровой фильтрации был получен спектральный снимок, характеризующий присутствие БПЛА. Последующая идентификация полученного сигнала по высокочастотному и низкочастотному диапазону позволила успешно определить тип беспилотного летательного аппарата

one of the options for detecting the operation of an unmanned aerial system is considered for the purpose of its subsequent identification and determining the legality of the presence of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in the airspace. The problem is formulated that justifies the need for rapid and timely counteraction to illegal activities of unmanned aerial systems for the purpose of safety of industrial facilities, infrastructure and civilians. The task is to develop a methodology that allows automating the process of obtaining and processing data for detecting UAV and their subsequent identification. A review of the main existing approaches to detecting UAVs is conducted, among which radio and radar detection are considered separately. A structural diagram of the method for receiving, processing and recognizing radio signals is described and provided, allowing for the detection of UAV. An experimental study of the proposed method is conducted, consisting in simulating the presence of a drone in the airspace by emitting characteristic signatures. Having consistently performed the steps of the methodology for analyzing the radioether, adaptive adjustment of the detection threshold, digital filtering, a spectral image was obtained characterizing the presence of the UAV. Subsequent identification of the received signal by the high-frequency and low-frequency range allowed us to successfully determine the type of UAV
IMPLEMENTASI ALAT PENETAS TELUR OTOMATIS DI USAHA PEMBIBITAN AYAM DESA KERATO SUMBAWA
Authors: Andriani Titi , Hidayatullah Muhammad , Ahmad
Published: January 2025

BMT Insan Samawa menaungi lebih dari 100 kelompok Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah, salah satunya usaha pembibitan ayam yang dikelola pondok pesantren Al – Ikhlas di Desa Kerato Kecamatan Unter Iwes, Sumbawa. Kegiatan pembibitan ayam masih dijalankan secara konvensional yang mengakibatkan kapasitas produksi bibit ayam menjadi sangat kecil yang secara langsung berimbas pada kecilnya keuntungan yang diperoleh. Telah dirancang alat penetas telur berkapasitas 530 butir yang dapat mengatur suhu, kelembaban, dan kemiringan telur secara otomatis. Hasil perancangan juga telah diuji daya tetasnya terhadap 10 butir telur ayam kampung. Dari 10 butir, hanya 4 butir yang berkembang menjadi embrio disebabkan masih terdapat beberapa kendala eksternal yang terjadi. Untuk meningkatkan efektifitas dan menekan kendala eksternal maka disepakati dilakukan penyerahan alat penetas telur ke mitra pengguna. Dengan menerapkan alat penetas telur otomatis ini diharapkan dapat membantu masyarakat mengoptimalkan hasil pembibitan ayam mereka.
Rethinking global health training: making the links between theory and practice
Authors: Fisher Lucas AB , Aristizabal Londono Candelaria , Cropper Kayla , Beresh Graham , Alhassan Jacob AK
Published: January 2025

Implication Statement
International medical electives are viewed as an opportunity for medical students to experience global health firsthand and improve cultural humility. Despite its potential benefits, concerns have been raised regarding harms during placements. These need to be addressed to ensure that international electives are conducted ethically and not only benefit learners but also the communities involved. The University of Saskatchewan has transformed its global health certificate, Making the links, in an effort to address existing concerns. We seek to share the program’s approach and its value to us. Other centres may introduce this approach to help train more equity-oriented healthcare workers.
DIGITAL DIVIDE: THE PROBLEM OF UNEQUAL ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGIES AND WAYS OF ITS SOLUTION
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Kazan, Russia, Vinogradov Vasily Yu. , Kakharov Arslan S. ,   Chechen State University n. a. A. A. Kadyrov, Grozny, Russia, Dzhabagova Sida S. ,   Kadyrov Chechen State University, Grozny, Russia
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to analyzing the problem of digital divide - unequal access to information and communication technologies (ICT) and digital resources. The purpose of the study is to identify the causes of the digital divide and analyze the existing ways to overcome it. The study set the following objectives: to determine the scale of the digital divide at different levels (regional, national, global), to analyze the factors contributing to its formation, and to as-sess the effectiveness of various measures to reduce it. The results demonstrate that the digital divide is a complex problem that requires a systematic approach to solving. The practical signif-icance of the study lies in the development of recommendations to minimize the digital divide, relevant for the development of state programs and development strategies. The scientific novelty of the work lies in a comprehensive approach to analyzing the problem, taking into account social, economic and technological aspects.
E-Portfolio's Impact on Writing Abilities (A Case Study on Second Semester Students of English Education)
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Fasa Raden Hasby Isnaindy
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to explore the utilization of Wattpad as an E-Portfolio platform in teaching writing and assess the improvements in students' writing qualities. This study took a qualitative approach and used a case study design. Ten students from the English Education Department in Bandung, West Java, took part in the experiment. The data were gathered through observations to determine the process of developing students' writing ability through the E-Portfolio platform, as well as examination of students' writing to determine students' writing ability improvement. The purpose of the writing analysis was to examine how students improved during the writing activities, which was reflected in their writing from the first to the third writing. The result showed that the use of E-Portfolio Platform was not only increased the studentsâ€™ participation and motivation to actively involved in the writing process but also improved studentsâ€™ writing ability. The findings suggest that incorporating such platforms in educational settings can positively impact students' engagement and motivation, leading to improved writing skills. Educators and institutions can consider integrating E-Portfolio platforms into their curriculum to enhance student learning outcomes in writing.
Profound Immunosuppression with Reversed CD4:CD8 Ratio in a Tuberculosis Patient with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Doan Atrya  , Efrida
Published: January 2025

Background: The co-occurrence of tuberculosis (TB) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) presents a formidable clinical challenge due to the synergistic impact on the immune system. This case report describes a patient with TB/AIDS co-infection exhibiting profound immunosuppression characterized by a severely diminished CD4 count and an unusual reversal of the CD4:CD8 ratio.
Case presentation: A 39-year-old male presented with symptoms indicative of both TB and advanced HIV infection, including shortness of breath, weight loss, and oral thrush. Physical examination revealed bilateral lung crackles. Laboratory investigations confirmed pulmonary TB and revealed a critically low CD4 count (6 cells/µL), and a CD8 count of 71 cells/µL, resulting in a reversed CD4:CD8 ratio of 0.08. The patient's HIV viral load was markedly elevated at 598,403 copies/mL. This case underscores the complex interplay between TB and HIV, highlighting the profound impact of co-infection on immune system function. The patient's severely depleted CD4 count and the atypical CD4:CD8 ratio reflect the advanced stage of HIV infection and the superimposed TB. The findings emphasize the need for close monitoring and aggressive management of co-infected patients to mitigate the risk of opportunistic infections and disease progression.
Conclusion: This case report documents a rare and severe presentation of TB/AIDS co-infection with profound immunosuppression and a reversed CD4:CD8 ratio. It serves as a reminder of the significant morbidity and mortality associated with advanced HIV and TB co-infection, particularly in cases of delayed diagnosis or suboptimal treatment adherence.
Sustainability of Infrastructure Development in Indonesia: A Legal Analysis of Price Adjustments in Construction Contracts
Authors: Yanuar Riko , Saputro Adi , Sami’an S.
Published: January 2025

This study examines the mechanism of price adjustments in construction contracts in Indonesia from philosophical, juridical, and practical perspectives. The background of this issue stems from fluctuations in construction material prices, which often threaten the sustainability of infrastructure projects. To address this issue, this study aims to analyze the philosophical foundations and legal doctrines underlying the price adjustment mechanism, evaluate the regulatory framework in Indonesia, and formulate recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of dispute prevention and resolution mechanisms. Employing a juridical-normative research method, this study analyzes the principle of contractual fairness and the doctrine of rebus sic stantibus as the foundation for price adjustments. The results show that Law Number 2 of 2017, Presidential Regulation Number 16 of 2018, and their implementing regulations have regulated the mechanism of price adjustments; however, their implementation still faces obstacles in the form of administrative complexity and transaction costs. To increase the effectiveness of this mechanism, the standardization of price adjustment clauses referring to international best practices, such as the FIDIC contract standards, is needed. In addition, optimization of a digital technology-based price information system, capacity building for stakeholders, and development of effective dispute resolution mechanisms, mainly through arbitration, are necessary. In conclusion, this study affirms that harmonising philosophical foundations, legal doctrines, adaptive regulations, and effective dispute prevention and resolution mechanisms is the key to optimizing price adjustments in construction contracts to support the investment climate and sustainable infrastructure development in Indonesia.
Growth Strategy Untuk Meningkatkan Competitive Advantage Pada Soft Ice Cream Melalui Program Peningkatan Product Quality dan Loyalitas Pelanggan
Authors: Hadiantini Ratih , Anjan Salma Putry , Mumstha Andia Janash , Rahman Raoda Abd , Ridwan Fitria Angelia , Nadilla Triara Septi
Published: January 2025

Industri es krim di Indonesia telah mengalami pertumbuhan yang signifikan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Peningkatan ini disebabkan oleh perubahan gaya hidup dan preferensi konsumen yang semakin mencari produk makanan penutup yang lezat dan menyegarkan. Pertumbuhan ekonomi dan urbanisasi juga berkontribusi pada peningkatan daya beli konsumen, yang mendorong permintaan terhadap produk es krim. Namun, dengan pertumbuhan ini, persaingan di pasar juga semakin ketat dengan banyaknya pemain baru baik lokal maupun internasional yang masuk dengan berbagai inovasi dan strategi pemasaran yang agresif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji lebih lanjut strategi pertumbuhan untuk meningkatkan keunggulan kompetitif pada bisnis soft ice cream melalui program peningkatan kualitas produk dan loyalitas pelanggan. Pendekatan penelitian meliputi analisis lingkungan internal meliputi Marketing Mix, analisis STP yang akan dirangkum dalam tabel IFAS dan analisis eksternal meliputi PESTEL analisis yang akan di rangkum ke dalam tabel EFAS serta membuat formulasi strategi serta membuat rancangan untuk implementasi strategi, evaluasi dan pengendalian strategi pada bisnis soft ice cream. Dengan memahami preferensi konsumen, berinovasi dalam produk dan layanan, serta mematuhi regulasi yang berlaku dan fokus pada pengembangan produk baru dan strategi pemasaran yang lebih inovatif guna memperluas pasar.
Strategi Pengembangan SDM di Sektor Pariwisata: Menganalisis Potensi dan Tantangan di Daerah Berkembang
Authors: Simarmata Harianto
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) di sektor pariwisata di daerah berkembang. Studi ini mengidentifikasi aset dan kekuatan lokal untuk meningkatkan keterampilan tenaga kerja pariwisata serta mengevaluasi integrasi potensi wisata dalam pelatihan SDM. Selain itu, penelitian ini menganalisis tantangan seperti keterbatasan sumber daya, kekurangan infrastruktur pelatihan, dan kesenjangan keterampilan. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi kepustakaan dan analisis dokumen, ditemukan bahwa potensi wisata lokal dapat dioptimalkan melalui pemetaan aset SDM, integrasi dalam kurikulum pelatihan, program mentoring, pengembangan infrastruktur, dan sistem evaluasi berkelanjutan. Strategi pengembangan SDM yang efektif muncul dari pendekatan terintegrasi dan berfokus pada kebutuhan spesifik daerah. Melalui program pelatihan SDM yang relevan, kemitraan yang kuat, dan pemanfaatan teknologi, serta strategi multi-pemangku kepentingan untuk meningkatkan fasilitas pelatihan hingga memperkuat kolaborasi antara pemerintah, sektor  swasta, dan lembaga Pendidikan dapat memanfaatkan potensi pariwisata secara maksimal.
EVALUASI PERAN MERDEKA BELAJAR DALAM MEMPERSIAPKAN GENERASI EMAS 2045 MELALUI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Ahmad Hujaeri  , Basri Hasan , Fitri Hilmiyati
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini mengevaluasi peran kebijakan Merdeka Belajar dalam mempersiapkan Generasi Emas 2045 melalui pendidikan karakter. Pendidikan karakter menjadi aspek krusial dalam membentuk generasi yang tidak hanya unggul dalam pengetahuan dan keterampilan, tetapi juga memiliki integritas dan etika yang baik. Merdeka Belajar memberikan kebebasan bagi sekolah dan pendidik untuk merancang kurikulum yang mengembangkan potensi siswa secara holistik, termasuk dalam penguatan karakter. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah evaluatif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada beberapa sekolah yang telah mengimplementasikan kebijakan ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Merdeka Belajar dapat meningkatkan kesadaran siswa terhadap nilai-nilai karakter seperti tanggung jawab, disiplin, dan kejujuran melalui berbagai aktivitas berbasis proyek dan pembelajaran kompetensi. Meskipun terdapat tantangan dalam hal kesiapan infrastruktur dan pelatihan guru, peluang untuk memperkuat pendidikan karakter melalui pemanfaatan teknologi dan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler sangat besar. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Merdeka Belajar berperan signifikan dalam mempersiapkan Generasi Emas 2045 yang tidak hanya terampil secara akademik tetapi juga memiliki karakter yang kuat.
 
Kata Kunci : Merdeka Belajar, Pendidikan Karakter, Generasi Emas 2045, Pendidikan Holistik, Kebijakan Pendidikan, Evaluasi, Soft Skills, Kompetensi