bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing a Radiative Antidote to CO2
Authors: Seeley Jacob T. , Lutsko Nicholas J. , Keith David W.
Published: December 2020

Solar radiation modification (SRM) reduces the CO2‐induced change to the mean global hydrological cycle disproportionately more than it reduces the CO2‐induced increase in mean surface temperature. Thus, if SRM were used to offset all CO2‐induced mean warming, global‐mean precipitation would be less than in an unperturbed climate. Here, we show that the mismatch between the mean hydrological effects of CO2 and SRM may partly be alleviated by spectrally tuning the SRM intervention (reducing insolation at some wavelengths more than others). By concentrating solar dimming at near‐infrared wavelengths, where H2O has strong absorption bands, the direct effect of CO2 on the tropospheric energy budget can be offset, which minimizes perturbations to the mean hydrological cycle. Idealized cloud‐resolving simulations of radiative‐convective equilibrium confirm that spectrally tuned SRM can simultaneously maintain mean surface temperature and precipitation at their unperturbed values even as large quantities of CO2 are added to the atmosphere.
Equatorial Moisture Dynamics of the Quasi‐Biweekly Oscillation in the Tropical Northwestern Pacific During Boreal Summer
Authors: Li Kuiping , He Qin , Yang Yang , Yu Weidong
Published: December 2020

The pronounced summertime quasi‐biweekly oscillation (QBWO) in the tropical northwestern Pacific usually originates from equatorial convective anomalies (ECAs) in the western Pacific. In this study, ECAs in relation to the QBWO are investigated in terms of the equatorial moisture dynamics. The results show that the development of ECAs is preconditioned by significant moisture anomalies associated with zonal moisture advection along the equator. Prior to initiation, an equatorially westward‐moving moisture precursor at a speed of approximately 5° longitude per day could be traced back to 140°W. A moisture budget analysis indicates that the successive westward movement of the moisture precursor is primarily due to the interaction between the zonal gradient of moisture anomalies and the mean easterly trade winds. The equatorial moisture dynamics likely maintain the quasi‐biweekly variability of ECAs regarding the QBWO in the tropical northwestern Pacific.
Three Regimes of Temperature Distribution Change Over Dry Land, Moist Land, and Oceanic Surfaces
Authors: Duan Suqin Q. , Findell Kirsten L. , Wright Jonathon S.
Published: December 2020

Climate model simulations project different regimes of summertime temperature distribution changes under a quadrupling of CO2 for dry land, moist land, and oceanic surfaces. The entire temperature distribution shifts over dry land surfaces, while moist land surfaces feature an elongated upper tail of the distribution, with extremes increasing more than the corresponding means by ∼20% of the global mean warming. Oceanic surfaces show weaker warming relative to land surfaces, with no significant elongation of the upper tail. Dry land surfaces show little change in turbulent sensible (SH) or latent (LH) fluxes, with new balance reached with compensating adjustments among downwelling and upwelling radiative fluxes. By contrast, moist land surfaces show enhanced partitioning of turbulent flux toward SH, while oceanic surfaces show enhanced partitioning toward LH. Amplified warming of extreme temperatures over moist land surfaces is attributed to suppressed evapotranspiration and larger Bowen ratios.
Circulation of Radon Progeny in the Terrestrial Atmosphere During Thunderstorms
Authors: Chilingarian A. , Hovsepyan G. , Sargsyan B.
Published: December 2020

We describe a new phenomenon in atmospheric physics—222Rn progeny circulation during thunderstorms. The enhancement of the natural gamma radiation during thunderstorms was measured with precise gamma ray spectrometers. Results of measurements performed at Aragats mountain in Armenia during summer 2020 demonstrate the Rn progeny lifted to the atmosphere by a near‐surface electric field are returned backward to the ground by rain precipitation. Thus, thunderstorms not only return negative charge to the Earth by lightning flashes but also maintain Rn progeny circulation in the atmosphere; it this way, significantly enlarging natural gamma radiation above the Earth surface and Radon concentration in the atmosphere.
Hypomethylation of PlncRNA-1 promoter enhances bladder cancer progression through the miR-136-5p/Smad3 axis
Authors: Kang Weiting , Wang Qiang , Dai Yun , Wang Hanbo , Wang Muwen , Wang Jin , Zhang Dong , Sun Peng , Qi Taiguo , Jin Xunbo , Cui Zilian
Published: December 2020

Apart from being potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) modulate the development and progression of multiple cancers. PlncRNA-1 is a newly discovered lncRNA that exhibits the above properties through multiple regulatory pathways. However, the clinical significance and molecular mechanisms of PlncRNA-1 in bladder cancer have not been established. PlncRNA-1 was found to be overexpressed in 71.43% of bladder cancer tissues. Moreover, the expression level correlated with tumor invasion, T stage, age, and number of tumors, but not with gender, recurrent status, preoperative treatment, pathological grade, and tumor size. The expression level of PlncRNA-1 can, to a certain extent, be used as a predictor of the degree of tumor invasion and T stage among BC patients. Inhibiting PlncRNA-1 expression impaired the proliferation, migration, and invasion of T24 and 5637 bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, PlncRNA-1 promoter in BC tissues was found to be hypomethylated at position 131 (36157603 on chromosome 21). PlncRNA-1 promoter hypomethylation induces the overexpression of PlncRNA-1. In addition, PlncRNA-1 modulated the expression of smad3 and has-miR-136-5p (miR-136). Conversely, miR-136 regulated the expression of PlncRNA-1 and smad3. PlncRNA-1 mimics competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in its regulation of smad3 expression by binding miR-136. Rescue analysis further revealed that modulation of miR-136 could reverse the expression of smad3 and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker proteins impaired by PlncRNA-1. In summary, PlncRNA-1 has important clinical predictive values and is involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of smad3. The PlncRNA-1/miR-136/smad3 axis provides insights into the regulatory mechanism of BC, thus may serve as a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for cancer.
Phase imaging with computational specificity (PICS) for measuring dry mass changes in sub-cellular compartments
Authors: Kandel Mikhail E. , He Yuchen R. , Lee Young Jae , Chen Taylor Hsuan-Yu , Sullivan Kathryn Michele , Aydin Onur , Saif M. Taher A. , Kong Hyunjoon , Sobh Nahil , Popescu Gabriel
Published: December 2020

Due to its specificity, fluorescence microscopy has become a quintessential imaging tool in cell biology. However, photobleaching, phototoxicity, and related artifacts continue to limit fluorescence microscopy’s utility. Recently, it has been shown that artificial intelligence (AI) can transform one form of contrast into another. We present phase imaging with computational specificity (PICS), a combination of quantitative phase imaging and AI, which provides information about unlabeled live cells with high specificity. Our imaging system allows for automatic training, while inference is built into the acquisition software and runs in real-time. Applying the computed fluorescence maps back to the quantitative phase imaging (QPI) data, we measured the growth of both nuclei and cytoplasm independently, over many days, without loss of viability. Using a QPI method that suppresses multiple scattering, we measured the dry mass content of individual cell nuclei within spheroids. In its current implementation, PICS offers a versatile quantitative technique for continuous simultaneous monitoring of individual cellular components in biological applications where long-term label-free imaging is desirable.
Variation in selection constraints on teleost TLRs with emphasis on their repertoire in the Walking catfish, Clarias batrachus
Authors: Priyam Manisha , Gupta Sanjay K. , Sarkar Biplab , Sharma T. R. , Pattanayak A.
Published: December 2020

The high degree of conservation of toll-like receptors (TLRs), and yet their subtle variations for better adaptation of species in the host–pathogen arms race make them worthy candidates for understanding evolution. We have attempted to track the trend of TLR evolution in the most diverse vertebrate group—teleosts, where Clarias batrachus was given emphasis, considering its traits for terrestrial adaptation. Eleven C. batrachus TLRs (TLR1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8 9, 13, 22, 25, 26) were identified in this study which clustered in proximity to its Siluriformes relative orthologues in the phylogenetic analysis of 228 TLRs from 25 teleosts. Ten TLRs (TLR1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8 9, 13, 21, 22) with at least 15 member orthologues for each alignment were processed for selection pressure and coevolutionary analysis. TLR1, 7, 8 and 9 were found to be under positive selection in the alignment-wide test. TLR1 also showed maximum episodic diversification in its clades while the teleost group Eupercaria showed the maximum divergence in their TLR repertoire. Episodic diversification was evident in C. batrachus TLR1 and 7 alignments. These results present a strong evidence of a divergent TLR repertoire in teleosts which may be contributing towards species-specific variation in TLR functions.
Effects of the number of drugs used on the prevalence of adverse drug reactions in children
Authors: Sugioka Mayuko , Tachi Tomoya , Mizui Takashi , Koyama Aisa , Murayama Azusa , Katsuno Hayato , Matsuyama Takuya , Aoyama Satoshi , Osawa Tomohiro , Noguchi Yoshihiro , Yasuda Masahiro , Goto Chitoshi , Teramachi Hitomi
Published: December 2020

In pediatric individuals, polypharmacy would increase the prevalence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). However, there is no report on the ADR increase adjusted for the influence of concomitant disease types. We conducted a retrospective study in pediatric patients to determine whether polypharmacy is a risk factor for ADR development, after the adjustment. Patients aged 1–14 years on medication who visited Gifu Municipal Hospital (Gifu, Japan) were included. We evaluated patient characteristics, ADR causality, ADR classification and severity, and ADR-causing drugs. We examined the association between ADR prevalence and number of drugs used. We performed multiple logistic regression analyses to investigate risk factors for ADR development. Of 1330 patients, 3.5% sought medical attention for ADRs. ADR causality was most often assessed as “possible,” with gastrointestinal ADRs being the most common. Grade 1 ADRs were the most and antibiotics were the most common suspected ADR-inducing drug. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that ≥ 2 or ≥ 4 drug use, neoplasms, mental and behavioral disorders, and circulatory system diseases significantly increased ADR prevalence. Polypharmacy increased the prevalence of ADR resulting in hospital visits in children, after adjusting for the influence of disease types. Therefore, proactive polypharmacy control measures are necessary for children.
Enrichment of plasma extracellular vesicles for reliable quantification of their size and concentration for biomarker discovery
Authors: Holcar Marija , Ferdin Jana , Sitar Simona , Tušek-Žnidarič Magda , Dolžan Vita , Plemenitaš Ana , Žagar Ema , Lenassi Metka
Published: December 2020

Human plasma is a complex fluid, increasingly used for extracellular vesicle (EV) biomarker studies. Our aim was to find a simple EV-enrichment method for reliable quantification of EVs in plasma to be used as biomarker of disease. Plasma of ten healthy subjects was processed using sedimentation rate- (sucrose cushion ultracentrifugation—sUC) and size- (size exclusion chromatography—SEC) based methods. According to nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled to detectors (AF4-UV-MALS), miRNA quantification, transmission electron microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, enrichment of EVs from plasma with sUC method lead to high purity of EVs in the samples. High nanoparticle concentrations after SEC resulted from substantial contamination with lipoproteins and other aggregates of EV-like sizes that importantly affect downstream EV quantification. Additionally, sUC EV-enrichment method linked to quantification with NTA or AF4-UV-MALS is repeatable, as the relative standard deviation of EV size measured in independently processed samples from the same plasma source was 5.4% and 2.1% when analyzed by NTA or AF4-UV-MALS, respectively. In conclusion, the sUC EV-enrichment method is compatible with reliable measurement of concentration and size of EVs from plasma and should in the future be tested on larger cohorts in relation to different diseases. This is one of the first studies using AF4-UV-MALS to quantify EVs in blood plasma, which opens new possible clinical utility for the technique.
Harvesting time and roasting effects on colour properties, xanthophylls, phytates, tannins and vitamin C contents of orange maize hybrid
Authors: Alamu Emmanuel O. , Maziya-Dixon Busie , Menkir Abebe , Ogunlade Adebayo O. , Olaofe Olorunfemi
Published: December 2020

Biofortified maize varieties form an essential part of a nutritious diet; available evidence suggests that different processing methods may affect the final food products. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of processing (roasting) and harvesting time on the bioactive components (lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, phytate, tannin and vitamin C) and colour properties (L*, a*, b*), of biofortified orange maize. The orange maize hybrids used for the study were obtained from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) diverse lines with high provitamin A (PVA) content. The results showed that harvesting time and roasting methods significantly (P ≤ 0.001) affected the colour properties. The positive values of ∆b* 30.7, 36.0 and 38.1 at 20 days after pollination (DAP), 27DAP and 34DAP, respectively showed that the intensity of orange colour increased with delay in harvesting time. In unprocessed freshly harvested orange hybrid maize; lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, tannin and vitamin C increased with an increase in harvesting time. For roasted hybrid, the mean concentrations of all the bioactive components increased with increases in harvesting time except for tannin and vitamin C that showed a decrease at 20DAP and 27DAP. The results revealed that processing and time of harvest affect the levels of non-provitamin A carotenoids, tannins, phytic acid, Vitamin C and the colour properties of biofortified maize genotypes.
Author Correction: Investigating effect of climate warming on the population declines of Sympetrum frequens during the 1990s in three regions in Japan
Authors: Nakanishi Kosuke , Koide Dai , Yokomizo Hiroyuki , Kadoya Taku , Hayashi Takehiko I.
Published: December 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Mesalazine granule formulation improves clinical data in Crohn's disease compared with tablet formulation
Authors: Tamura Satoshi , Ishida Natsuki , Miyazu Takahiro , Onoue Shunya , Tani Shinya , Yamade Mihoko , Hamaya Yasushi , Iwaizumi Moriya , Osawa Satoshi , Furuta Takahisa , Sugimoto Ken
Published: December 2020

The efficacy of sustained-release preparations of mesalazine as a remission maintenance treatment for Crohn's disease remains to be established. We aimed to examine the changes in compliance rate and clinical data 2 years after switching from mesalazine tablet to granule formulation at our facility among patients with Crohn's disease in remission. We investigated the rate of continuous treatment of mesalazine granules and examined the changes in Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, and hemoglobin (Hb) levels 2 years after the switch. Compliance rate (continuous treatment vs. additional treatment) and continuous treatment rate [good (rate of ≥ 70%) vs. poor (rate < 70%)] were investigated. Of 46 patients, 12 (27.3%) received additional treatment and 32 (72.7%) did not require additional treatment in 2 years. No significant change in CDAI after switching to granule modification was noted in 32 patients in the continuous treatment group. Nevertheless, clinical remission was maintained for 2 years, and serum CRP levels decreased significantly (P = 0.023) and Hb levels increased significantly (P = 0.002). No change in the compliance rate was found. Our results suggest that mesalazine granule formulation may have a remission maintenance effect that is superior to that of mesalazine tablets.
Correction: Photonic hook formation in near-infrared with MXene Ti3C2 nanoparticles
Authors: Spector Marat , Ang Angeleene S. , Minin Oleg V. , Minin Igor V. , Karabchevsky Alina
Published: December 2020

Correction for ‘Photonic hook formation in near-infrared with MXene Ti3C2 nanoparticles’ by Marat Spector et al., Nanoscale Adv., 2020, 2, 5312–5318, DOI: 10.1039/D0NA00485E
New reactivity in organic chemistry: a themed collection
Authors: Yudin Andrei K. , Schindler Corinna
Published: December 2020

Andrei Yudin and Corinna Schindler introduce the Chemical Science themed collection on the topic of new reactivity in organic chemistry.
Is One Ear Good Enough? Unilateral Hearing Loss and Preschoolers' Comprehension of the English Plural
Authors: Davies Benjamin , Rattanasone Nan Xu , Davis Aleisha , Demuth Katherine
Published: December 2020

Purpose

The plural is one of the first grammatical morphemes acquired by English-speaking children with normal hearing (NH). Yet, those with hearing loss show delays in both plural comprehension and production. However, little is known about the effects of unilateral hearing loss (UHL) on children's acquisition of the plural, where children's ability to perceive fricatives (e.g., the /s/ in

cat
s

) can be compromised. This study therefore tested whether children with UHL were able to identify the grammatical number of newly heard words, both singular and plural.

Method

Eleven 3- to 5-year-olds with UHL participated in a novel word two-alternative forced choice task presented on an iPad. Their results were compared to those of 129 NH 3- to 5-year-olds. During the task, children had to choose whether an auditorily presented novel word was singular (e.g.,
tep, koss
) or plural (e.g.,
teps, kosses
) by touching the appropriate novel picture.

Results

Like their NH peers, children with UHL demonstrated comprehension of novel singulars. However, they were significantly less accurate at identifying novel plurals, with performance at chance. However, there were signs that their ability to identify novel plurals may improve with age.

Conclusion

While comparable to their NH peers at identifying novel singulars, these results suggest that young children with UHL do not yet have a robust representation of plural morphology, particularly on words they have not encountered before.
Analysis on the influence of big data era on enterprise financial accounting -- a case study of HUA WEI technologies co., LTD
Authors: Yang Wang
Published: December 2020

”Big data” is the product of the integration of the highly developed Internet innovation function and various economic fields in today’s society. The development of “big data” is bound to bring significant changes in the economic development of today’s society. Taking HUA WEI technologies co., LTD., financial aspects based on the development of big data, found big data technology in the application process of the impact of the financial accounting, this era of big data work flow for the company in China, the impact of financial decision-making and financial personnel, and the company response to this phenomenon and make a change, and to analyze its causes and solutions. This electronic document is a “live” template. The various components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] are already defined on the style sheet, as illustrated by the portions given in this document.
The Research Fronts of Financial Market Risk Prevention in the Background of Big Data Analysis: Scientific Measurement Analysis from Multidisciplinary Literature
Authors: Pan Chung-Lien , Chen Zizhen , Zhou Xiaobing , Qiu Jingjing , Zhou Ying
Published: December 2020

Risks are ubiquitous in financial markets, and the occurrence of financial crises has never stopped. In order to provide research fronts for financial market risk prevention in the context of big data analysis, this article is based on 556 articles retrieved from the Web of Science database. Keywords such as “big data” and “development of emerging capital markets” were comprehensively analyzed and visualized. The four key visualization legends were used to obtain the status and impact of the utilization of major institutions and big data resources. The focus of research lies in the research of crisis contagion and the development of early warning systems. In addition, this article also outlines the gaps in the overall research direction of academia on financial market risk prevention.
Behavioral Ability and Division of Forestry Production of Households——Data From Fujian Province in China
Authors: Wen Yaping , Feng Liangming , Liu Weiping
Published: December 2020

Division of labor can increase labor productivity. Compared with the division of agricultural production, the division of forestry production has a typical positive externality. It is more scientific to study the division of labor in forestry production. Under the “Three Powers Separated” structure, the behavioral capacity of farmers has an important influence on the division of forestry production. This paper uses the survey data of farmers in Fujian Province to analyze the farmer’s forestry production division of labor behavior from three perspectives of the behavioral ability, the transaction ability and the disposal ability. The results show that the variable of “the contracting right is more important than the management right” in the measure exclusive ability and the difficulty in obtaining transaction information on forestlands to measure the trading capacity, both positively affects farmers’ participation in the division of forestry production. Meanwhile, whether has changed the use of forestlands negatively influences the division of the forestry production. This not only enriches the research results of the forestry production division of labor theory, but also provides a new perspective for promoting the development of the forestry production division of farmers, and thus provides a new source for improving the efficiency of forestry management. It helps promote the connection between small farmers and the development of modern forestry.
Research of Agricultural Big data
Authors: Li Hongyan , Cheng Ziyi , Wang Haitong
Published: December 2020

With the development of economy and the popularization of Internet, the development of agricultural big data is the inevitable trend of agricultural development, which is gradually changing people’ s lives. But there are many problems in the process of rural development. This paper will analyze the agricultural big data, from the meaning, significance, research status, problems and solutions of agricultural big data, in order to explore new ways for agricultural development, so as to promote the development of rural economy, improve the living standards of farmers and contribute to the construction of agricultural modernization.
Empirical Analysis on the Effect of Agricultural Insurance on Production——Based on panel data of 31 provinces and cities in China from 2008 to 2018
Authors: Caifei Lv
Published: December 2020

This paper uses panel data of Insurance Statistics Yearbook and the National Bureau of Statistics of China in 31 provinces and cities from 2008 to 2018. The random effects model is used to study the direction and intensity of agricultural production impacts from agricultural insurance and its compensation. The collinearity robustness and endogeneity tests are carried out as the empirical results. It shows that agricultural insurance has a significant promotion effect on the agricultural output, and its influence will increase with the growth of risks. From the regional sub-sample regression results, agricultural insurance in the central and eastern of China is more significant than the western. Therefore, China should continue to vigorously promote the reform and innovation of agricultural insurance and its system, expand the coverage of agricultural insurance, and accelerate its high-quality.
Research on flow patterns of tourists in scenic spots based on Data Mining
Authors: Yingju Zhao
Published: December 2020

For the fixed tourist routes in the scenic spot, the longer the journey is, the slower the speed is, and the easier the congestion is. This study is an exploratory study. In this paper, Yudaokou grassland forest scenic area, a nature reserve crossed by national No.1 scenic road, is selected as the research object. Based on the point- axis gradual diffusion theory, the mobile app is used to record the travel process of tourists on the same tourist route in the same scenic area, so as to calculate the travel speed of tourists on different road sections, and then predict the future congestion of the scenic area, the smaller the speed, the greater the probability of congestion; the greater the speed, the less time, the smaller the probability of congestion. Finally, the paper discusses the significance and theoretical contribution of the study on the two aspects of tourists’ moving behavior and moving mode in scenic spots.
The Development Trend of Cultural Added Value Research Based on Big Data Analysis
Authors: Yuan Ni , Lu Yang , Yudong Gao , Gongshan Cai
Published: December 2020

Cultural added value refers to the value added generated by the combination of cultural elements and different forms of carrier. It shapes the uniqueness of cultural products, not only satisfies the cultural spiritual enjoyment of consumers and helps enterprises build a unique cultural brand image, but also promotes excellent traditional culture and spreads positive cultural values. However, its research is still in an initial stage. The relevant concepts and context are not clear enough and lack of systematic combing. Therefore, this paper takes 354 relevant articles as data samples for the following analysis. Firstly, we used the method of bibliometric analysis to sort out its publishing trend and regional distribution. Secondly, we used social network analysis method to identify research hotspots in this field and analyzed its evolution trend. Thirdly, cluster analysis was used to identify relevant research topics in the field of cultural appreciation, and literature review was conducted around these three clustering topics. Finally, the future research direction of this field is proposed based on the above contents.
Using differential pricing to mitigate the impact of congestion on metro: a big data study base on Shanghai metro
Authors: Kang Haisen
Published: December 2020

Metro, which is one of the most popular way of public transportation, has shown inability to withstand the high intensity of congestion presented in the first two decades of the new millennia. Despite the effort made by government which includes adding multiple metro line, the situation is still grievous. Unlike other form of transportation such as train or airplane, the ridership of metro wasn’t staggered and can be manipulated. In this paper, we employ differential pricing to alleviate traffic pressure on metro during the peak hours. As people have different elasticity of demand for metro transportation in different time interval, we can reduce the number of passengers who relatively treat metro transportation as unnecessary in specific time interval and place by setting up different price. Base on the data of shanghai metro, we show different aspects in our model in which we use system clustering, optimization model of social welfare and calculate an acceptable range of price using Ramsey pricing model. We validate our solution, using the agent simulation model, to be considerably capable at easing the traffic pressure of metro, whether comparably or statistically.
The application of big data in the performance evaluation of private colleges and Universities
Authors: Quan Yuan , Wang Junfeng , Li Shuwen , Dan Wang
Published: December 2020

The rapid development of big data has brought new opportunities for the operation and development of private colleges and universities. As an important way for private colleges and universities to assess teachers’ work, performance evaluation is not only an important guarantee for promoting teachers’ work, but also an important influencing factor for private colleges and universities to stand for a long time. There are some problems in the traditional way of university performance evaluation. This paper will further explore the specific application of big data in the performance evaluation of private universities based on its application characteristics.
Macroeconomic uncertainty and cost stickiness
Authors: Li Ziyang , Cheng Xi , Zhang Mengwei , Wen Xian
Published: December 2020

Cost management is the core issue related to the development of enterprises, and studying enterprise cost behavior will contribute to optimizing enterprise decisions. However, an enterprise is not an independent organization. Instead, it exists and is affected by the macroeconomic environment. So it is conducive for company to apply macroenvironment information to cost management behaviors. This paper studies the cost stickiness based on the perspective of macroeconomic uncertainty, and takes “adjustment cost” and “agency problems” as the internal logic to integrate into the existing interpretation framework of cost stickiness. We analyze SG&A costs for Chinese listed firms over the period 2013 – 2019 after controlling for known economic determinants. The results show a positive relation between the macroeconomic uncertainty and the degree of cost asymmetry. In particular, the macroeconomic uncertainty makes the cost stickiness of human resource cost weaken.
Mutual influences and trends of Global Economic Growth and Global Mergers and Acquisitions
Authors: Feng Shide , Wang Zhaokai
Published: December 2020

The paper is to analyze the relationship between Global Economic Growth and Global Mergers and Acquisitions. After applying empirical analysis, conclude that Global Economic Growth and Global Mergers and Acquisitions have mutual influences on each other in the long-term period. In the short-term period, the results show the same trend. But in some short certain periods like rapid economic recessions, the trend shows the other way around. The paper also analyzes the economic intuitions of the mutual influences.
The Potential For Economic Growth And Carbon Dioxide Emissions Reduction: Using Input-Output Framework
Authors: Sun Lihao , Shen Yuxiang
Published: December 2020

As people’s living standards continue to ameliorate, people become more and more demanding of the status of eco-environment, and carbon emissions are a key factor affecting the eco-environment. We analyze the carbon emissions intensity and carbon emissions potential of different sectors in China based on the input-output model. The results show that the sector of Production and Supply of Electric Power and Heat Power has the highest embodied carbon emissions intensity because the sector provides the country with necessary electricity and heat power for its economic growth. In addition, this paper determines the key carbon emissions sectors using elasticity method, and the results show that Construction is the most influential carbon emissions sector in the future. By restricting key carbon emissions sectors and encouraging the non-key carbon emissions sectors, we can take into account both economic development and carbon emissions reduction with the multi-objective model. The results show that under the present economic scale of China, carbon emissions can decrease from 11591 million ton to 11011 million ton, with a difference of 580 million ton. This indicates that with the assurance of present economic growth, we can achieve the goal of reducing carbon emissions by adjusting the economic structure. Based on results of this paper, we have also made recommendations for adjusting the economic structure to achieve emission reduction targets.
Research on Location of Terminal Distribution Network Based On Comprehensive Satisfaction
Authors: Zhou Lei , Wang Wenchuan , Li Fachao
Published: December 2020

The on urban terminal distribution network is the last link of urban distribution under the e-commerce environment. Under the assumption that the location of the distribution center is known, this paper studies the location problem of the terminal distribution network by considering the two goals of maximum resident satisfaction and maximum enterprise satisfaction. Among them, considering population size as the weight, it is the resident satisfaction function that constructs distance satisfaction. The enterprise satisfaction achieves the lowest cost from the perspective of fixed cost and operation cost of the end network, and then the weighted average method is used to construct the end network location model of comprehensive satisfaction. Finally, the improved immune algorithm is used to solve the model.
The Financialization of Entity Enterprises and Audit Fees
Authors: Lu Sun , Yuewen Liang , Xian Wen
Published: December 2020

This paper studies the impact of entity enterprises financialization on audit fees and its internal mechanisms. We use the data of China’s Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2013 to 2018 to conduct empirical research. It is found that the higher the degree of financialization of the entity enterpeises, the higher the audit cost of the enterprise. The internal mechanism is that the level of the non-financial financialization is rising, leading to the reduction of information transparency of enterprises, which increases the audit risk faced by certified public accountants, so as to raise audit fees for risk compensation and self-protection. This paper provides a new perspective for understanding the financialization of entity enterprises, enriching the research results on financialization and audit fees of entity enterprises. The relevant conclusions have certain reference value for listed companies and regulatory authorities.
Analysis on Sub-Prime Debt Crisis
Authors: Zhang Zidi
Published: December 2020

Economic crises, such as Subprime Mortgage Crisis in 2008, European Debt Crisis in 2010, and stock market disaster in 2015, have become an essential concern for people and governments. People cannot help wondering what economic crises will bring to our country and life. Why will economic crises bring about these changes? What should people do to deal with these changes? This article interprets the core economic indicators, such as GDP, Inflation, Unemployment Rate, and the mechanism of Philips Curve. Based on the results of data analysis, people will find the relationship between unemployment rate and inflation rate. Finally, role and impact of fiscal and monetary policies in economic crisis will be transparent. As a result, economists can have the optimal way of analyzing the dynamic economic growth [1].
Mitterrand’s monetary policy A failure in the economics policy from 1981 to 1982
Authors: Wang Ruoya
Published: December 2020

This document is an introduction about the economics policies under Mitterrand’s early leadership between 1981-1982. The series of economics policies made during this period was widely considered as a total failure and the author will focus on the monetary policy to introduce the policy itself and effect of this policy. In the end of this article, the author will give some evaluation about the 1981-1982 policy and some people’s different opinion about Mitterrand’s early policy in economy.
Development of business environment construction in China: a comparative analysis based on typical countries
Authors: CAO Yonghui , JIANG He
Published: December 2020

The World Bank publishes the business environment report every year, ranking the business environment of 190 economies in the world. This paper mainly compares and analyzes the relevant indicators of marketization, legalization and internationalization between China and New Zealand, Singapore, the United States, and points out the existing problems and future improvement measures, so as to provide reference for further improving the competitiveness of business environment in China.
Analysis on the Share Price and Forecasting Calculation Data of Activision Blizzard, Inc. Based on SWOT-Model
Authors: Zhang Jiahao
Published: December 2020

In recent years, increasingly advanced technology infrastructure leads to an extraordinary growth of Internet users. By virtue of the explosive growth of the entire Internet industry, the online game industry has shown a rapid development trend, and the overall user scale of online games continues to expand. Meanwhile, the online game industry becomes a good investment market for investors to operate in. This article uses Blizzard as an example to analyze its investment value. Besides, the future trend of the video game industry is analyzed by using the SWOT-model and forecasting calculation data. The result shows that based on the current development of the game industry environment and the same companies in the game industry, Activision Blizzard will have a steady increase in profits in the future. Therefore, it is worth being invested.
Analysis on the Relationship between “Super Bowl Ads” and Related Companies
Authors: Yu Siyong
Published: December 2020

Super Bowl, one of the most irreplaceable activities that US families prefer to attend annually, serves as a platform full of opportunities for the business world. The advertisements appeared during the breaks of the game, known as “Super Bowl ads”, have become the most effective means for companies to attract potential customers. From the price of $37,500 per 30 seconds at Super Bowl I to that of $4.5 million per 30 seconds at Super Bowl XLIX, this means of propagating products has become increasingly expensive until today [1]. Thus, a question has been inevitably raised that is this worthy for companies to spend millions of dollars just in exchange of the appearance of their logos on a special TV program? Therefore, the research finding the effects on companies after the end of their Super Bowl advertising should be undoubtedly needed and established.
Study on 3D Printing Technology Evolution and its Promotion Strategy from Cultural and Creative Industries: Based on the Patent Knowledge Map Analysis
Authors: Liao Yuqing , Chen Jingliang
Published: December 2020

In this paper, the application value for the Cultural and Creative Industries about 3D printing technology is explained. Based on the visualization analysis of the related technology patent literature, the technology evolution of 3D printing technology and its cutting-edge application field are discussed. With the patent knowledge map analysis, frontier technology has prospected, and it analyses the Cultural and Creative Industries revolution because of 3D technology development, and finally, some relevant policy is suggested.
Professional Managers and Long-term Investment in State-owned Enterprises
Authors: lan Wu , Liqing Mao , Lingli Yu
Published: December 2020

In the background of mixed ownership reform, the introduction of professional managers in state- owned enterprises is to gradually integrate with the market, participate in market competition, and improve the efficiency of state-owned assets. However, due to the late introduction of China, the professional manager system of state-owned enterprises is constantly developing and improving. The results of this study show that the introduction of professional managers in state-owned enterprises will reduce the long-term investment of enterprises, but it is not significant in the case of the combination of manager and chairman. This paper puts forward a new direction and thinking for the construction of professional manager system.
Analysis on the Export Competitiveness of Shenzhen High-tech Products
Authors: YANG Xi , LUO Ming
Published: December 2020

The export scale of Shenzhen has been ranked first in large and medium-sized cities in mainland China for 26 consecutive years, among which the export of high-tech products has been relatively stable. This paper analyzes the development of high-tech industry in Shenzhen, the power and support provided by scientific and technological investment and technological innovation, the ways to improve the export competitiveness of products in Shenzhen, and summarizes the law of sustainable development which can help to promote the export competitiveness of high-tech products in Shenzhen.
Mechanism to Improve the Innovation Capability of Late-developing Complex Product Manufacturing Enterprises Based on longitudinal case study of CRRC
Authors: Haibing Liu , Yuyue Kan
Published: December 2020

Although China’s manufacturing level has made great progress in recent years, the situation that key core technologies are controlled by others has not fundamentally changed. The improvement of innovation capability greatly affects the development of manufacturing enterprises. Therefore, based on the longitudinal case study of CRRC, this paper attempts to analyze the mechanism of innovation capability improvement of late-developing complex product manufacturing enterprises. The results show that the innovation capability promotion mechanism of late-developing complex product manufacturing enterprises includes power traction mechanism, collaboration innovation mechanism, talent cultivation mechanism and knowledge governance mechanism. Based on this, this paper believes that in the process of development, the late-developing complex product manufacturing enterprises need to carry out corresponding personnel training and knowledge management with the help of the state, under a good environment in the industry and on the premise of maintaining their own brands.
Big Data Industrial Agglomeration Promoting Regional Innovation: Comparison between Guangzhou and Zhaoqing in China
Authors: Zhou Yuliang , Li Jinfeng
Published: December 2020

This paper selects the data of big data industry in China’s “Guangzhou Development Zone Big Data Industrial Park” and “Zhaoqing Big Data Cloud Service Industrial Park” from 2014 to 2018, uses the improved knowledge production function to establish an OLS model, and compares the impact of MAR and Jacobs external aggregation on the R&D input and patent output in Guangzhou and Zhaoqing. It is found that: (1) MAR externality is not conducive to the technological innovation of the two cities, and has a stronger negative effect on innovation in Zhaoqing; Jacobs externality can actively promote the innovation of the two cities, and has a stronger positive effect on innovation in Guangzhou. (2) In the impact of Jacobs externality on innovation output of the two cities, R&D plays a part of intermediary effect, and the effect on Guangzhou is stronger; in the impact of MAR externality on innovation output of the two cities, R&D only plays a part of negative intermediary effect in Zhaoqing. The conclusions show that the MAR and Jacobs agglomeration in big data industry all play more effective roles in promoting technological innovation in economically developed cities.
Performance Evaluation and Application of Banking Industry Based on Equator Principles
Authors: Tang Yutong , Zhou Yan
Published: December 2020

With the deterioration of the global natural and social environment, people have begun to pay attention to the fulfillment of corporate social responsibility, and banks as special financial institutions are no exception. In 2003, the emergence of the Equator Principle became the basic criterion for the banking industry to fulfill its social responsibility. Under such a social trend, China’s banking industry proposed a “green credit” policy in 2007, but it is still far from the equatorial principles introduced internationally. Therefore, how to accelerate the pace of China’s banking industry entering the Equator Bank is a question worth considering. We need to set up a bank performance evaluation system based on the equator principle to promote the development of the equator principle in China’s banking industry, which is also the focus of this article. In this paper, through the study of the practice of the Equator Principles at home and abroad, a set of performance evaluation systems for the banking industry based on the Equator Principles is established. The Industrial Bank is used as an example to apply this evaluation system.
Research on the Impact of International Oil Prices on the Economy of Russia
Authors: Wu Jiuxia
Published: December 2020

In the process of Russian economic development, the oil industry is one of the important pillar industries. More than 50% of the total revenue of the Russian government comes from the oil and gas industry. Oil and oil products exports account for about 56.9% of Russia’s total export[1]. So Russia’s economy is inextricably linked to oil prices. Rosneft’s role in budgetary revenue sources is growing. In the development of the world economy, the change of international oil price affects the development of the Russian economy. This paper reviews the relevant theories about the relationship between oil price and Russia’s economic growth. Besides, the short-term and long-term effects of oil price fluctuation on Russian economy are analyzed with Keynes’s income determination theory and “resource Curse” theory[2] respectively. In addition, the granger causality test is used to analyze the relationship between the fluctuation of oil price and the change of Russian GDP. The following conclusions are drawn from the analysis. Firstly, oil price rise is beneficial to Russian economic growth in the short term, but will hinder Russia’s economic long-term development. Secondly, the fluctuation of oil price is the granger cause of the change of Russian GDP. However, the change of Russian GDP is not the granger cause of the fluctuation of oil price.
Financial industry under the background of digital industry: A Bibliometric Analysis of Related Research
Authors: Pan Chung-Lien , Chen Xianghui , Lin Mei , Cai Zhuocheng , Wu Xiaolin
Published: December 2020

In recent years, the innovation and breakthrough of digital technology have brought great convenience to the economic development of various sectors and People’s daily life, especially in the field of financial services. To explore the impact of digital technology on the financial industry, this paper searched 285 papers based on Web of Science (WoS) and conducted a systematic scientific metrology and literature review, providing a research front for future research. According to the research papers published between 1984 and 2020, the analysis results of co-citation and co-cited by sources, disciplines, and keywords show that in recent years, the publishing industry in this field has developed rapidly in various countries, and the research field involves such disciplines as business economics, computer science, social science, and interdisciplinary application. According to the research papers published between 1984 and 2020, the analysis results of co-citation and co-cited by sources, disciplines, and keywords show that in recent years, the publishing industry in this field has developed rapidly in various countries, and the research field involves such disciplines as business, finance; economics; computer science; social science and interdisciplinary application. Besides, American, Chinese and British institutions are also good at hosting such interdisciplinary work. And different types of keywords present important interactions in the visualization: (a) digital-based innovation, (b) big data and regulation, (c) Internet finance and financial innovation, (d) financial inclusion, (e) digital finance and risk management, and (f) mobile payment.