bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbandingan Scarcity Promotions Pada Pengguna Shopee dan Tokopedia
Authors: Prayoga Wira , Silitonga Agnes Irene
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas dua strategi Scarcity Promotions, yaitu limited time scarcity (LTS) dan limited quantity scarcity (LQS), pada pengguna dua platform e-commerce terkemuka di Indonesia: Shopee dan Tokopedia. Melalui pendekatan kuantitatif, penelitian ini mengumpulkan data dari 270 responden yang merupakan pengguna aktif kedua platform tersebut. Penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan dalam respons pengguna terhadap Scarcity Promotions. Pengguna Shopee lebih bereaksi positif terhadap limited time scarcity, sedangkan pengguna Tokopedia menunjukkan respons yang lebih moderat terhadap kedua jenis promosi. Analisis statistik T-test menunjukkan nilai signifikan pada variabel LTS dengan nilai t sebesar 4.399 (p < 0.001), dan pada variabel LQS dengan nilai t sebesar 5.141 (p < 0.001), yang mengindikasikan perbedaan nyata dalam persepsi antara pengguna Shopee dan Tokopedia terhadap kelangkaan produk dan waktu. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi Scarcity Promotions yang diterapkan oleh Shopee lebih efisien dalam menciptakan urgensi pembelian dibandingkan dengan Tokopedia.
Velhice e deficiência: Luzes no fim do túnel!
Authors: Ganzarolli de Oliveira João Vicente
Published: December 2024

Embora seja óbvia a relação que há entre a velhice e a deficiência, ela nem sempre é levada a sério, o que confirma a regra: nem sempre o que está diante dos olhos é fácil de ser visto com a devida clareza. Para muitos, ficar velho e tornar-se deficiente são coisas que “só acontecem com os outros”. A proposta central deste artigo é deixar claro que a velhice e a deficiência são realidades interligadas. A única maneira de evitar a velhice é morrer jovem; a única forma de evitar todas as formas de deficiência é envelhecer com a mesma saúde e resistência que se tinha na juventude – o que não chega a ser impossível, mas é raríssimo. Seja como for, existe luz no fim do túnel para todos nós.
Impact of Leaf Area Index on the Absorption of Photosynthetically Active Radiation in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Crop under Diverse Sowing Dates and Cultivars
Authors: Godara Mohit , Singh Surender , Dagar Chander Shekhar , Kumar Anil , Yadav Ankit , Neeraj
Published: December 2024

Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) is crucial for the physiological development of crops as it plays a key role in photosynthesis. A study was conducted at the CCS HAU Research Farm in Hisar, Haryana, during the rabi season of 2022-23 using a Split-plot design to explore the effect of Leaf Area Index (LAI) on absorbed PAR under different sowing dates and most commonly grown varieties of the region. Four barley cultivars (V1-BH 393, V2-BH 902, V3-BH 946, and V4-BH 885) were selected and grown under different sowing dates (D1 - 9th November 2022, D2 - 24th November 2022, D3 - 9th December 2022, D4 - 24th December 2022). The LAI and absorbed PAR were measured based on field observations. The findings indicated that the timely sown crop (D1) absorbed the highest PAR (86 to 95 %) and decreased absorption as sowing was delayed with the last date of sowing only absorbing 83 to 93 % of incoming PAR. D1 had more PAR absorption and LAI leading to more photosynthate accumulation and enhanced dry matter accumulation and an enlarged grain-filling period. The cultivar BH 885 absorbed more PAR followed by BH 946, BH 902 and BH 393. The results showed a clear and strong positive correlation between LAI and absorbed PAR in all the treatments. Thus, early sowing dates and BH 885 variety is recommended for semi-arid climate of Hisar region in western Haryana.
Insect Gut Microbiota and Their Role in Cellulose Degradation: A Brief Review
Authors: Maji Poulami , Maji Megha , Shukla Prashant , Ghosh Paramita
Published: December 2024

Insects are most versatile organisms in animal kingdom. They are about to live in different environment and are successful in habiting most of the niches. The adaptability of insects are due to the enzymes they produce and the symbiotic relationship they have with microorganisms. Cellulose is the fibre which provides strength to plant cell. It is flexible and strong and higher animals are not able to digest it on their own. Some bacteria, fungi and protozoa produce cellulase which breaks down the cellulose chain into shorter fragments enabling them to utilize the molecules for their growth. Many such bacteria live in symbiotic relationship with insects which are herbivores or omnivores as generally insects do not produce cellulase of their own. There are certain insects which have developed the capacity to produce cellulases but their numbers is too less than those which do not produce those enzymes. The current review is an attempt to provide information about the insects who harbour bacteria in their guts and are able to degrade cellulose. This review explores the critical role of cellulose degrading bacteria in the insect gut, focusing on their symbiotic relationships and potential applications in biofuels, waste management, and industrial processes. Highlighting diverse insect species, this study discusses enzyme production, bacterial interactions, and industrial utilization.
PRACTICES OF GSCM FOR ENHANCING THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF THE ORGANIZATION
Authors: Asif Muhammad
Published: December 2024

The research aims to determine how Green Supply Chain Management (G.S.C.M.) practices affect the financial performance of the organization. This study was carried out to analyze the influence of financial performance when implementing green supply chain practices. A deductive approach was adopted for this research, which means hypotheses were developed based on relevant literature, which was analyzed. Then, a questionnaire was developed to acquire data from respondents. This research is Quantitative. Statistical tools such as Correlation and regression analysis are being used to study the data. The target population is undefined, so a convenient sampling strategy is used for this research. Two hundred fifty questionnaires were sent to the respondents, out of which two were found patterned and that were deleted, so 114 responses are to be considered, which means a response rate of 46%. The result analysis shows that Investment Recovery and Eco-Design have an optimistic influence on the financial performance of the firm and are the key factors in the execution of G.S.C.M. practices; their impact is significant, with p values of 0.000 and 0.00 individually. Meanwhile, cooperation with the customer and Green Information System has no proper influence on financial performance. The outcomes of this research reveal that acceptance of the practices of a green supply chain has a significant effect on the financial performance of the firm. However, the implementation of green supply chain practices relies on factors like investment recovery and eco-design, which are important to increase the financial performance of the organization. Cooperation with customers and Green Information systems are not considered crucial factors in increasing financial performance. This research will be useful for organizations to decrease waste, save energy, minimize emissions, protect natural resources, reduce production costs, and increase their financial performance through the execution of G.S.C.M. practices. Academics may also benefit from the findings of this study.
FUNCTIONALITY BETWEEN ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND DEBT CRISIS OF AN ECONOMY: A CAUSAL STUDY ON PAKISTAN’S ECONOMY (2002-2017)
Authors: Naeem Mahpara , Rafique Dr Tariq
Published: December 2024

The economy of Pakistan has been facing depressed economic conditions for several years since many years. Debt to GDP has marked its peak of Rs 21408.7 billion in 2017. The state of Pakistan has taken measures to reduce it. Various economic policies with amendments are being introduced by state authorities to create favorable economic conditions. However, there are still some factors that are creating economic instability in Pakistan, such as an increase in the public debt burden. So, this study primarily focuses on the exploration of a causal relationship between public debt and Pakistan's economic indicators.   Secondarily, it focuses on analyzing the relationship between public debt and economic indicators such as market capitalization, reserves, exchange rate and fiscal deficits. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative type analysis. Quantitative data is analyzed through the statistical software EVIEWS.  Sixteen years of data on Public Debt and economic indicators of Pakistan from 2002 to 2017 have been analyzed. Standardized criteria are adopted to accept or reject the hypothesis. Based on inferences, policies and implications are given in the shape of recommendations for corrective measures.
PRICE AND QUALITY ON CONSUMER BRAND PERFORMANCE: CASE OF THE APPAREL INDUSTRY
Authors: Shahid Mahnoor
Published: December 2024

Ever since the modern era began, evolving technological progressions have amplified the marketing process of conveying products and services to customers, where the foremost priority would be based on their preference and intention to purchase. The key drive of executing this study is to seek the effect of apparel quality, price, and digital advertising on customers' preferences. Moreover, this study involves four basic dimensions, which were used in order to find the influence of independent variables, including price, quality, and digital advertisement of apparel brands. In contrast, customer brand preference is taken as a dependent variable. The following research is quantitative in manner and casts a deductive approach. Further, this study has few questions related to our objective; however, the solution to those questions is being analyzed through correlation analysis, which also expresses the relationship among the designated variables/dimensions. For the purpose of finding the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable, a Regression test was carried out for the prior understanding. With the help of data analysis, it can be concluded that all the dimensions have a significant relationship among them; however, a significant impact of independent variables on the dependent variable has been found. Eventually, there were 239 respondents taken as the sample size of the population. However, the respondents are primarily categorized as those who use the mentioned apparel brands and are residents of metropolitan cities in Pakistan.
MENTAL HEALTH NEEDS OF EMPLOYEES: PAKISTAN’S CASE
Authors: Khan Saadia
Published: December 2024

Social and cultural factors have historically kept most women from entering the job market in Pakistan. Employees in Pakistan face social and economic disadvantages relative to men working in the same field. With the recent challenges in society caused by the increasing female population, financial need, and limited educational facilities for girls and women, women tend to enter the job market more than earlier. Still, social and cultural factors have kept most women from entering the job market. Considering the situation in Pakistan, this study examined the relationship between work-life conflicts, job satisfaction, and the turnover ratio of the female working gender in Pakistan. The data is collected through questionnaires from female staff working in academic institutions, banks, and NGOs operating in Pakistan. The sample size was kept to 350 female staff members to find out the importance of work-life conflict, job satisfaction, and job departure. The study found that work-life conflict has a significant impact on job satisfaction.
THE IMPACT OF EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT ON THE PROFITABILITY OF THE FIRMS: TEXTILE COMPOSITE SECTOR
Authors: Idrees Muhammad Waqar , Siddiqui Aqeel Ahmed
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study is to find out the impact of efficiency management on the performance of Pakistani textile firms. Efficiency management is considered an independent part, consisting of receivable turnover, payable turnover, inventory turnover, total asset turnover, capital employed turnover, cash turnover, fixed asset turnover, and working capital turnover. At the same time, performance is dependent on efficiency and measured by return on asset. The scope and date of 31 textile composite companies registered in PSX are taken from their financial reports for the period of five years (2015-2019). Panel regression test is used to fulfill the objective of this research through E-Views. Statistics of the results show that receivable turnover, inventory turnover, and capital employed turnover have a significant and positive impact on a firm’s performance. In contrast, payable turnover, total asset turnover, fixed asset turnover, working capital turnover, and cash turnover have an insignificant impact on a firm’s performance. After analyzing the results, it was suggested that the firm’s management focus on receivables, inventory, and employment of capital. Through proper management of these three factors, firms can enhance their performance, earn more profits, and maximize their capital in the textile composite industry.
EXPLORING THE FACTORS THAT IMPACT CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN ONLINE SHOPPING IN PAKISTAN: A STUDY OF PRICE, WEB QUALITY, AND SERVICE
Authors: Ahmed Syed Zubair , Fatima Qandeel
Published: December 2024

To understand these issues and the factors that contribute to customer satisfaction in online shopping, this study employed a quantitative research approach and collected data through a survey of customers in Pakistan. The sample size was drawn using Stata 13 software, and a simple random sampling technique was used to select participants. The study found that purchasing process convenience, web quality, and customer service all have a significant impact on customer satisfaction in online shopping in Pakistan. These findings provide valuable insights for e-commerce companies operating in Pakistan, as they can use the information to improve their service and attract more customers. However, it is important to note that the study has limitations, such as the sample size being limited to a single group and the findings not being generalizable to a larger population. Future research can address these limitations by increasing the sample size and including participants from other geographical areas.
THE EFFECT OF BRAND IMAGE ON CONSUMER TASTE PREFERENCE
Authors: Zahid Hadi Rameel , Hafeez Abdul
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate the relationship between brand image and consumer taste preferences. Brand image in consumer’s minds was measured by making them taste the same product in different bottles, which were in different branded bottles. In the first experiment, all ketchups were the same but branded differently. This experiment was conducted to identify if consumer’s taste preference is independent of brand image. Since the results reveal that consumers prefer the brand that they are currently using regardless of the same taste, it was concluded that the taste preference is independent of brand image. The second experiment was a confirmatory experiment where all flavors of ketchup were unbranded. This experiment was conducted to verify whether taste preference and brand used at home have the same association. It was found that the consumer preferred those brands that were not in use after having a blind taste. This confirms that the first response of taste preference is more of brand image rather than product taste itself. The total number of respondents was 102, who participated in the experiment and completed the questionnaire. Optimal Scaling (CATREG) is used to explain the relationship between brand image and consumer taste preferences. The first experiment identifies that brand image has a positive effect on consumers’ mindset, and they prefer the brand that is used at home. Therefore, the significance value is less than 0.05. The second value demonstrates that taste preference explains the change in brand image, raising the significance value over 0.05. The second experiment demonstrated that taste preferences might change when the brand image changes, and the overall finding from the first trial indicated that there is a relationship between the brand image and the currently favored brand.
INDIVIDUAL'S BEHAVIOR AND PERCEPTION TOWARDS CREDIT CARD ADOPTION
Authors: Khan Aliza
Published: December 2024

This study investigates how people use credit cards and how they behave.  The focus is on rewards, interest rate risks, security risks, and demographics.  The motivations for this study are the increasing prevalence of credit cards in modern society and the need to understand the factors influencing consumers' decisions to use credit cards.  It examines how various factors influence people's opinions about using credit cards, how rewards programs offered by the credit card industry influence people's opinions, how security Risks and interest rate risks affect people's opinions, and how satisfied and knowledgeable people are about credit cards.  Three hundred respondents in Karachi, Pakistan, were divided into two groups for a cross-sectional study: credit card users and non-users.  Surveys and structured interviews were used for data collection, and SPSS was used for analysis.  The results showed how important demographic factors, security concerns, and incentives influence people's opinions about credit card use.  To encourage greater adoption of credit cards, the study recommends increasing consumer awareness of the benefits of credit cards, prioritizing security measures, and addressing concerns about fees and interest rates.
MEASURING THE IMPACT OF FLEXIBLE WORKSPACES ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
Authors: Raza Muhammad Hasan
Published: December 2024

This study examines the impact of flexible workspaces on employee performance, considering the shifting landscape of work environments. With organizations increasingly adopting flexible arrangements like remote work, coworking spaces, and hot-desking, it becomes crucial to understand their influence on various aspects of employee performance, such as job satisfaction, productivity, collaboration, and overall work experience. Using a mixed-methods approach with a sample size of 93 employees selected through random sampling, this research combines quantitative Likert scale responses and qualitative insights to offer a comprehensive understanding of the implications of flexible workspaces on contemporary work dynamics. Notably, the study reveals a significant association between workplace flexibility and employee performance, with a notable impact of 15.25 times. The findings contribute to ongoing discussions on optimizing work environments to promote employee well-being and enhance organizational effectiveness amidst the evolving professional landscape. This research provides valuable insights for organizations seeking to adapt to changing work paradigms and foster a conducive environment for employee success.
CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT AND DEFAULT RISK: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM UNITED KINGDOM
Authors: Ahmed Faraz , Nizam Kehkashan , Ahsan Noman
Published: December 2024

Credit risk is one of the major problems that financial institutions face, especially in the banking sector. This credit risk tends to increase the chances of risk of Default, which likely happened in the financial crisis of 2008. Therefore, the main emphasis of the current research is to analyze the relationship between credit risk management and risk of Default in the UK's banking sector. For this, a secondary quantitative research method was used, and information was derived from five prominent banks in the UK, namely Lloyds Banking Group, HSBC Holdings, NatWest Group, Barclays and Investec Plc, covering the period from 2013 to 2022. Regarding variables, current ratio, debt to equity, ROA, and ROE were used as a measure of the risk of Default, and nonperforming loan ratio, capital adequacy ratio, nonperforming loan, and loan loss provision were used as a measure of credit risk management. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Hausman testing, and fixed effect models were used. Findings revealed that the Capital adequacy ratio has a positive influence on the current ratio, debt-to-equity ratio, and ROE. Further, the nonperforming loan has a negative impact on ROA. Thus, findings in the current research will be significantly helpful for policymakers in credit risk management practices and will overall reduce the chances of default risk.
INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOR OF EMPLOYEE: A KEY INDICATOR OF DECENT WORKPLACE AND ECONOMIC PROGRESS
Authors: Anwar Sobia , Hyder Mustafa , Khatani Salman Ahmed
Published: December 2024

This research paper underscores the importance of innovation and creativity as driving forces behind an organization's ability to create a competitive advantage, enhance performance, and develop radical solutions. It accentuates the importance of collaboration and structural and cultural transformations in an interconnected world. The study examines the impact of empowerment and organizational culture on employee innovation and explores how job stress moderates the relationship between the innovative behavior of employees and workplace happiness. To explore the influence caused by workplace happiness on the innovative behavior of employees. Circulating Survey data applies quantitative research methodology among 327 employees from different hotels in Karachi. By employing Smart PLS 3.0, statistical analysis indicates that four dimensions could potentially explain a 48 percent variance in the creative conduct of an individual. The findings reveal that workplace happiness consistently influences the innovative behavior of employees in the hotel industry, regardless of varying levels of job stress. Addressing job stress through training and support can contribute to employee well-being and indirectly enhance innovation. Strategic interventions that prioritize happiness and stress reduction are essential for fostering an innovative culture in hotel organizations.
BRIDGING THE GAP: ENHANCING NON-MUSLIM ADOPTION OF ISLAMIC BANKING IN PAKISTAN - INSIGHTS FROM MALAYSIA
Authors: Khan Bakht Bilal , Shaiq Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Using key insights from the successful case of Malaysia, this paper empirically examines factors affecting non-Muslims in Pakistan to shift towards Islamic Banking. It examines the effects of social pressure, awareness, attitudes and behaviors on the non-Muslim customers' adoption intention of Islamic Banking in Pakistan. Data from 466 non-Muslims in Karachi were collected via structured questionnaires using stratified random sampling. The results show the important influence of social pressure and awareness on positive attitudes and behaviors that eventually lead to the adoption of Islamic Banking. Accordingly, this paper suggests key action plans that focus on educational programs geared towards specific target groups and culturally sensitive marketing strategies with the aim of increasing awareness and studying attitudes. The quantifiable results include monitoring the percentage growth of non-Muslim customers using its Islamic Banking facilities and reviewing the performance of promotional campaigns via frequent surveys. The Malaysia case also highlights the need for strong regulatory support, a broad public education campaign and targeted promotion efforts. Incorporating these tactics would help Pakistan create a more inclusive Islamic Banking space for a wider range of customers who seek both financial and moral healthcare. Based on the findings, this paper suggests a number of actionable recommendations for policymakers and banking institutions in order to enhance the Islamic Banking acceptance behavior in relation to non-Muslims in Pakistan.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA USE AND LEVEL OF AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION AMONG FARMERS OF PUNJAB PROVINCE, PAKISTAN
Authors: Cheema Ali Nawaz , Yousaf Zahid
Published: December 2024

With the invention of new media, the methods of communication have changed. Now, social media, including Facebook, Twitter and YouTube, have occupied the space of mainstream media. This research study has been sketched to explore the Frequency and patterns of social media, including Facebook and YouTube, used by farmers in the Punjab Province, Pakistan. The Study belongs to the positivist approach of research philosophy, whereas the theoretical perspective of this research study is related to the diffusion of innovation theory of mass communication. In order to find out the role of Social Media, including Facebook and YouTube, for agricultural information, a structured questionnaire containing a Likert-type scale was used for data collection from the targeted population through purposive sampling, and empirical data was collected from N=275 farmers. Descriptive and inferential analyses will be applied through computer software SPSS version 25. The findings of the Study reveal the positive relationship between using social media and the level of Agricultural information/awareness among the respondents; however, respondents used social media with different patterns, which may imply agriculture extension departments, agriculture marketing companies and media organizations to make their policies in the future.
THEMATIC EXPLORATION OF DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION: UNLEASHING ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS
Authors: Mukhtar Bazla , Fasih Tayyaba , Javaid Omar
Published: December 2024

Diversity and inclusion are now two significant elements in today’s organizational discourse, as they affect an organization’s performance in addition to the well-being of society in general. This study article provides a comprehensive review of the literature on the topic of diversity, inclusion and organizational performance. Consequently, based on the collected data and thematic analysis of the findings from Pakistani MSMEs, this study attempted to increase the existing body of literature for businesses and in general. Primarily, it explored the constituent elements of Diversity and Inclusion and the impacts it engenders across individual, societal, and organizational levels, ultimately informing organizational outcomes. Secondly, the article also looked into the challenges and opportunities in the promotion of diversity and inclusion in corporations. Thirdly, the study suggested the need and criteria for the emergence of the inclusive business model as a strategy of development for social and economic change
EMERGING TRENDS IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: EXPLORING DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION, EMPLOYEE WELL-BEING, AND REMOTE WORK PARADIGMS
Authors: Bokhari Syed Shoeb Ahmed , Ghaffar Abdul
Published: December 2024

This research examines how digital transformation, employee well-being, and the new normal of remote work affect organizational performance in Pakistan’s corporate city of Karachi. Thus, the enhancements in the usage of digital solutions and flexible working arrangements, as well as the focus on employees’ health, define organizational effectiveness in the modern world. Therefore, the study aims to establish the role these factors play in the performance of organizations. The study used both qualitative information obtained from the existing research and quantitative data elicited from respondents who filled in the closed-ended questionnaire through email. The current research involved 120 employees in Karachi’s corporate sector, and data was gathered through convenience sampling. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS, and frequency analysis and regression analysis were applied. With reference to the research questions, quantitative data was analyzed using frequency analysis and regression analysis and the following findings: Digital transformation has a positive effect on organizational performance = 0.564, p<0.05, Employee well-being has a positive effect on organizational performance = 0.520, p<0.05 while for remote work paradigms, no significance effect was found on organizational performance = 0.128, p>0.05. The findings reveal that digital transformation and employee well-being have significant positive effects on organizational performance, while remote work paradigms showed no statistically significant relationship. The value of R-squared is only 0.015, suggesting that other factors play a role in determining the performance of the organization.  The study reveals that as digital transformation and employee well-being are seen as key to enhancing organizational outcomes, the effectiveness of remote work might be contingent on enablers such as technology support and managerial attitudes. Specific strategies are to continue technology investments, improve or upgrade/promote employee fitness initiatives, and optimize remote working initiatives for maximum organizational advantage.
MEDIATING MECHANISM OF LMX IN THE ASSOCIATION OF AMBIDEXTROUS LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE-ORIENTED OCB
Authors: Iqbal Zafar , Mujtaba Ghulam , Hussain Nazakat
Published: December 2024

In the current study, the relationship between ambidextrous leadership and change-oriented organization citizenship behavior (CO-OCB) was tested through a mediated mechanism of leader-member exchange (LMX). To test the hypothesized association, the study took a sample of employees from small and medium enterprises in the textile sector of Pakistan. Their respective supervisors were also taken as respondents. The responses from 175 respondents were collected at two different points in time while maintaining an appropriate time interval. SPSS 24 and AMOS 24 were used for data analysis purposes. The study applied confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling for model fitness and direct effects, respectively. The mediated mechanism was tested by applying PROCESS macro. The study found a positive and significant association between ambidextrous leadership and CO-OCB. The study results also supported the mediating role of LMX in the hypothesized relationship. It is suggested, based on the study findings, that leaders promote risk-taking behaviors by establishing quality relationships with their subordinates to achieve innovative development goals.
THE MODERATING ROLE OF GENDER, JOB-NATURE AND JOB-DESIGNATION IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TRAITS AND KNOWLEDGE HOARDING: EVIDENCE FROM PUBLIC SECTOR HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN PESHAWAR
Authors: Syed Yasna , Alam Awais , Zulkafil Syed , Ishtiaq Maria
Published: December 2024

Knowledge has emerged as a coveted asset for organizations, becoming a crucial source of competitive edge. Organizations invest many resources to enhance knowledge sharing among employees to foster creativity and innovation. Despite all these measures, individuals still conceal their knowledge from others in the workplace, and the existing discourse on the body of knowledge indicates a theoretical gap in this area. To address this issue, this study investigates the role of individual personality traits and moderating factors in predicting knowledge-hoarding behavior among faculty members in public-sector higher education institutions. Adopting the positive approach, primary data was collected through structured questionnaires. Results indicate that openness to experience significantly predicts knowledge hoarding, while neuroticism has no significant effect. Importantly, job designation moderates the relationship between openness to experience and knowledge hoarding. These findings contribute to understanding the factors influencing knowledge-sharing behaviors. However, the study's limitations include its focus on academic institutions and a quantitative approach. Future research could benefit from a mixed-method approach and explore other organizational aspects related to knowledge hoarding.
INVESTIGATING THE UNDERPRICING PHENOMENON OF INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Mehboob Hafisa
Published: December 2024

This research presents a novel exploration of the issue of underpricing of initial public offering (IPO) in Pakistan. It aims to determine the impact of four independent variables (Issue Price, Offer Size, Age, and Market Capitalization) on the dependent variable, Market-adjusted Abnormal Return. The research employs statistical analysis to observe the relationship between these variables for IPO underpricing in Pakistan. The outcomes of the study indicate that the independent variables did not have a substantial influence on the dependent variable, as the p-values associated with the independent variables were all above the threshold of 0.05. This research underscores the need for further investigation in this area to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the underpricing phenomenon of IPOs in Pakistan. This could involve the collection of more data and information, as well as the examination of additional variables and factors that may play a role in the underpricing of IPOs. By delving into these topics in greater detail, future research can help deepen our understanding of the complexities and nuances of IPO underpricing from the perspective of the Pakistani stock market. This research provides a unique starting point for further exploration of the issue of IPO underpricing in Pakistan and emphasizes the importance of continued examination of this phenomenon.
ROLE OF INTERNATION MONETARY FUND IN ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Authors: Bukhari Farhan
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the role of International Monetary Fund (IMF) in advancing monetary manageability in emerging nations. The IMF is a worldwide association that gives monetary help, strategy guidance, and specialized help to nations encountering financial feebleness. The association means to advance financial development, steadiness, and manageability through the execution of strategies that assist nations with keeping up with macroeconomic dependability, lessen destitution, and advance practical turn of events. The paper analyses the current literature on the role of the IMF in advancing financial manageability in emerging nations. The writing proposes that the IMF plays had an essential impact in advancing financial manageability in non-industrial nations through its loaning programs, strategy exhortation, and specialized help. Notwithstanding, the writing additionally features a few reactions of the IMF's methodology, remembering its accentuation for monetary somberness and underlying changes, which some contend can adversely affect social government assistance and financial development. The paper presents a hypothetical structure that features the role of the IMF in advancing financial supportability in non-industrial nations. The structure recommends that the IMF can advance monetary manageability by giving monetary help to nations encountering financial insecurity, advancing macroeconomic solidness through sound money-related and monetary approaches, and advancing economic improvement through arrangements that address social and ecological issues. The paper additionally presents research questions that mean to explore the role of the IMF in advancing monetary maintainability in agricultural nations. The examination questions center around the viability of the IMF's loaning programs, the effect of IMF approaches on friendly government assistance and monetary development, and the job of the IMF in advancing feasible turn of events. The paper finishes up by featuring the meaning of the review, remembering its capability to educate strategy conversations for the role regarding the IMF in advancing monetary supportability in agricultural nations. The paper likewise gives proposals to policymakers and the IMF, including the need to adjust the IMF's emphasis on monetary starkness and primary changes with strategies that advance social government assistance and feasible turn of events. At last, the paper recognizes the impediments of the examination, remembering the potential for inclinations for the literature and the difficulties of directing experimental exploration on the effect of IMF arrangements.
EMPLOYEES' SOCIAL LIFE MEDIATED BY DESPOTIC LEADERSHIP
Authors: Ramzan Nimra
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the effects of despotic leadership (DL) on employee Work-Life Balance (WLB) and self-efficacy (SE) as a mediating variable. Drawing on social learning and social exchange theories, our research proposes a conceptual model where despotic leadership, directly and indirectly, influences employee balance between work and leisure activities and self-efficacy. We employed a questionnaire survey approach to collect data from employees of Small and Medium-Sized Banks (PVT) Ltd located in Karachi. A pilot survey was conducted with 120 participants to test the usability of the questionnaire, and then 120 surveys were distributed among the target population. In total, 120 usable surveys were returned, resulting in a response rate of 100%. To evaluate the proposed relationships in the theoretical framework, we used SPSS. The results of this study confirm that despotic leadership has a negative impact on employee work satisfaction. However, the findings also indicate that there is no mediation effect of self-efficacy between despotic leadership and employee balance between work and leisure activities. These findings contribute to the existing research on the antecedent variable of self-efficacy and provide practical insights for the retention and utilization of personnel.
SUPERHEROES: IMPACT OF DC AND MARVEL FILMS ON PAKISTANI YOUTH
Authors: Marsad Muhammad , Baloch Rizwan Bashir , Zia Muhammad
Published: December 2024

The study focuses on understanding cross-cultural communication through DC and Marvel's superhero films and the influence of pop culture in Pakistan, with the intention of social development. The study aims to understand superhero films' psychological and cultural impact on Pakistani youth. This research adopts a qualitative approach; data is collected through in-depth interviews with semi-structured questionnaires. It's finding out that most youngsters are aware and familiar with the propaganda used in superhero films to have a large psychological and cultural impact. They accepted the adaptation and influence of superhero films in Pakistan is not limited to watching the films only but also promoting the superhero culture. The gender difference and violence in superhero films are also noticed by the audience with their perspectives. In addition, results demonstrate that superhero films also have a consumerism effect on Pakistani youth, shaping the consumer behavior that they love to buy superhero clothing, products, toys, stationary, etc.
EXPLORING YOUNG MOTHERS' INTERNET USE FOR PARENTING AND HEALTH EDUCATION
Authors: Haque Irfan ul , Khan Sherbaz , Wasif Ali
Published: December 2024

In the digital age, the way parents seek advice and health information has shifted significantly from traditional sources like elder family members and healthcare providers to internet and social media platforms. This qualitative study delves into the perceptions of parents in Pakistan regarding these digital resources, examining their experiences, benefits, and drawbacks. Conducted in Karachi, the study involved semi-structured interviews with three parents, lasting 30-40 minutes each, using probing techniques to extract detailed information. Key themes emerged: (i) Positive perception of internet and social media, (ii) Reduction of uncertainties about children’s health, and (iii) Cross-verification of online content. Parents favored digital platforms for their immediacy compared to conventional sources, valuing the abundance of accessible information while stressing the need for credible sources to avoid misinformation. The findings indicate a strong parental inclination towards using digital platforms for parenting and health information, highlighting their role as vital, trusted resources in decision-making. This study emphasizes the importance of information management, e-consumer behavior, and digital literacy in healthcare, offering insights for health information managers, policymakers, and e-health strategists to improve digital parental resources and platform credibility.
FACTORS INFLUENCING REVERSE LOGISTICS EFFECTIVENESS IN AVIATION DEPOTS
Authors: Raza Muhammad Huzefa , Junaid Z.B , Fareed Tahira
Published: December 2024

This research pivoted on improving the efficiency and effectiveness of reverse logistics operations at an aviation depot, a vital logistics hub for military endeavors. Reverse logistics circumscribe the processes involved in returning goods for reuse or appropriate disposal, a necessary function in military operations where accuracy and efficiency are foremost. This study identifies that better technology integration, extensive training, and employee development are pivotal in improving reverse logistics operations at the aviation depot. Enforcing advanced technologies such as RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and smooth data analytics remarkably enhances the accuracy and efficiency of inventory management in aviation depots. Simultaneously, specialized training programs can ensure that personnel are proficient at managing reverse logistics tasks with high efficiency. Moreover, the research emphasizes the need for vigorous infrastructure and regulated procedures to facilitate coherent operations. Instituting a strong infrastructure and standardized protocols helps the smooth execution of reverse logistics operations of the aviation depot.
LINK BETWEEN GREEN TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHVAIOR: A STUDY ON GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS OF KARACHI
Authors: Ovais Ayesha , Alwi Shahzada Khurrum Khan
Published: December 2024

This study explored the relationship between Green Training and development and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in government hospitals. OCB was the dependent variable, while the independent variables were Green Awareness Training, Green Motivation towards Training, Green Employee Involvement in Training and Development, Green T&D Evaluation, and Green Training Feedback. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between OCB and both Green T&D Evaluation and Green Training Feedback. However, Green Awareness Training, Green Motivation towards Training, and Green Employee Involvement in Training and Development showed no significant impact on OCB. The study revealed that government hospitals lack structured Green Training and Development programs, leading to limited employee participation in green initiatives. The findings suggest that if these hospitals implement and evaluate such programs, employees may become more engaged in environmentally friendly practices. The study was conducted in four government hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan, with a sample of 183 Allied Workers selected using purposive sampling. The main limitation was the small sample size and the focus on a specific population. Future research should expand the scope to include more hospitals and explore the implementation of Green Training programs to enhance OCB among healthcare workers.
La resolución pacífica de conflictos implementada por una institución educativa y su influencia en la reducción de las problemáticas estudiantiles del bachillerato
Authors: Alava Rodriguez Irene Esperanza , Chorlango Simbaña Edwin Patricio , Gómez López José Fabián , Lema Socoy Henry Wladimir , Vela Heredia Christian Patricio
Published: December 2024

El propósito de este artículo es contribuir a una mejor comprensión sobre la implementación de mecanismos alternativos para la resolución pacífica de conflictos en instituciones educativas ha demostrado ser una estrategia eficaz para reducir las problemáticas estudiantiles, especialmente en el nivel de bachillerato. Al fomentar el diálogo, la empatía y la búsqueda de soluciones consensuadas, se ha logrado crear entornos escolares más seguros y saludables. Los adolescentes, debido a los cambios hormonales y sociales propios de su edad, suelen experimentar dificultades para gestionar sus emociones y resolver conflictos de manera pacífica. La intervención de mediadores, generalmente figuras de autoridad educativa, ha sido fundamental para guiar a los estudiantes hacia acuerdos mutuamente beneficiosos que promueven una cultura de paz y respeto. Sin embargo, la implementación exitosa de estos mecanismos enfrenta desafíos. La falta de capacitación del personal educativo, la diversidad de normativas y la resistencia al cambio son algunos de los obstáculos que dificultan su aplicación efectiva. A pesar de estas limitaciones, la autocapacitación de los docentes y la implementación de programas de mediación escolar han demostrado ser estrategias valiosas para superar estas barreras. Es importante destacar que la resolución pacífica de conflictos no solo beneficia a los estudiantes involucrados, sino también a toda la comunidad educativa. Al crear un ambiente escolar más seguro y armónico, se favorece el aprendizaje y el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes. Además, estas prácticas contribuyen a fortalecer los vínculos entre los miembros de la comunidad educativa y a fomentar una cultura de convivencia basada en el respeto y la tolerancia.
Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence in Mathematics Teaching by Protus 2.1
Authors: Alhalafi Hiba M. , Al-shammari Wisam S. , Mehregan Fatemeh
Published: December 2024

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the field of mathematics education as a novel tool has introduced new capabilities in the learning and teaching processes. This technology not only assists teachers and students in enhancing the learning process but also provides the latest teaching methods.
One of the main advantages of AI in mathematics education is the ability to offer personalized learning. By analyzing individual data related to each student's learning style, AI systems can precisely adjust educational programs. This implies that each learner will follow a learning route that is suited to their knowledge level and needs. These technologies can help to diversify the learning process, catch students' interest, and boost their excitement for active engagement in the learning process. In this post, course content was personalized using the Protus 2.1 educational system.
The Impact of Electron-phonon Coupling on the Benzene-like Quantum Dots Molecule Energy Gap
Authors: Shanef Alaa A. , AL-Mukh J. M.
Published: December 2024

In this study, we developed a theoretical model to study the effect of electron-phonon coupling on the energy gap between the HOMO-LUMO levels in an artificial molecule composed of six quantum dots with a geometric shape similar to the benzene ring, where three different configurations of the benzene ring were studied (para, meta, and ortho) depending on the location of the donor and acceptor atoms, and the effect of different locations of the phonon bath was also taken into consideration. Our model is illustrated, through a comprehensive and compact Hamiltonian approach, that specifies the dynamics of electronic and phonon states within these quantum systems. Our results demonstrated the important role of phonon coefficients in modifying the electronic properties of molecules. Based on these results, we observed that the electron-phonon coupling strength and phonon energy can be manipulated to modulate the energy gap, providing promising ways to develop advanced nanoelectronics applications.