bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkçe Öğretmenlerinin Süreç Temelli Yazmaya Yönelik Görüş ve Deneyimleri
Authors: İpek Eğilmez Nigar
Published: April 2024

Süreç temelli yazma, yazma sürecinin öğretmen rehberliğinde, planlama, taslak yazma, gözden geçirme, düzenleme ve paylaşma vb. çeşitli alt boyutlarda ele alındığı bir yazma yaklaşımıdır. Öğrencinin yazılı anlatım becerisini olumlu yönde etkileyen bu yazma yaklaşımında öğretmenin rolü oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkçe öğretmenlerinin süreç temelli yazmaya yönelik görüşlerini ve deneyimlerini belirlemektir. Bu amaçla çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü olan 28 Türkçe öğretmenine yapılandırılmış görüşme formu uygulanmış ve elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz ve içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Öğretmenlerin cevaplarından elde edilen kodlar gruplandırılarak kategorilere ve kategoriler gruplandırılarak temalara ulaşılmıştır. Bu işlem sonucunda Türkçe öğretmenlerinin yazma amaçları ve yazma uygulamalarını içeren “Yazma” teması, süreç temelli yazmaya ilişkin görüşlerini içeren “Süreç Temelli Yazma” teması ve süreç temelli yazmaya ilişkin tespit ve önerilerini içeren “Süreç Temelli Yazmaya Yönelik Tespit ve Öneriler” teması olmak üzere üç ana temaya ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda Türkçe öğretmenlerinin süreç temelli yazmaya ilişkin görüşlerinden hareketle bir yapıya ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğretmenlerin süreç temelli yazmayı kavram olarak bildikleri fakat nasıl uygulayacaklarına ilişkin bilgi ve deneyime sahip olmadıkları, süreç temelli yazma ile daha çok yüzeysel bir hazırlık çalışmasını kastettikleri görülmüştür. Öğretmenler her ne kadar süreç temelli yazmayı uyguladıklarını ifade etmiş olsalar da onların uyguladıkları yazma etkinliklerinin süreç temelli yazma kapsamında değerlendirilemeyeceği tespit edilmiştir. Bir başka sonuç olarak öğretmenlerin süreç temelli yazmanın faydalarını tespit ettikleri fakat alanda yapılan çalışma sonuçları ile örtüşmeyen sınırlılıklar belirttikleri tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmenler, süreç temelli yazmanın, sınıf mevcuduna, ders saatlerine bağlı şartların uygun olduğu durumlarda uygulanmasının mümkün olduğunu, bunun için de olması gereken önerilerini sunmuşlardır.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF LOAD EFFECT ON DEFORMED STATE OF ADJACENT PIPELINE SECTIONS WHEN USING A SUPPORT-CENTERING DEVICE
Authors: Rakhmatullina Yu.A. , Alekseev V.A. , Sultanmagomedov T.S. , Sultanmagomedov S.M.
Published: April 2024

The relevance of the study is due to the testing of the results of the numerical calculation of the stress-strain state of the support-centering device and pipeline in ANSYS software through an experimental study. The purpose of the work is to experimentally study the effect of the support-centering device on the pipeline when centering the boundary sections when cutting out a defective coil during emergency repairs. The object of the study is an experimental bench of a pipeline with diameter Dн = 40 mm, chosen as a prototype of a pipeline with diameter Dн = 1020 mm. Research methods: mathematical modeling, experimental research, processing of experimental data.The following results were obtained:- the maximum deformation of the end of the pipeline in a computer model of a full-scale pipeline with an applied load of 10 kN is 62.9 mm, the maximum stress is 87.2 MPa;- factors identified: load F = 0–50 N, length of the free end of the pipeline l = 0.5–1.5 m, depth of the pipeline h = 50–80 mm) and experimental response - deformation u;- during the processing of experimental values of deformations, it was revealed that the depth of the pipeline does not affect the results of measuring the displacement of the pipeline axis from applied transverse forces, therefore, it was decided to carry out measurements at a constant depth of 0.08 m;- based on the results of the experiment, graphs of theoretical and experimental dependences of the movement of the pipeline axis on the longitudinal load were constructed: the difference between the two schemes for securing the pipeline is 41 %, in the calculations it is necessary to take into account the part of the pipeline located in the ground;- the relative error of the experimental results, taking into account theoretical errors, is no more than 10 %.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF NON-EQUILIBRIUM RHEOLOGICAL EFFECTS DURING THE FLOW OF PARAFFINIC OILS OF TIMAN-PECHORA BASIN. THIXOTROPY, SUPER ANOMALOUS VISCOSITY, OSCILLATIONS OF SHEAR STRESS
Authors: Nekuchaev V.O. , Tarsin A.V.
Published: April 2024

Laboratory experiments were carried out to study the non-stationary and non-equilibrium flow regimes of some paraffinic and high paraffinic crude oils of the Timan-Pechora Basin in a rotational viscometer. The presence of thixotropic properties (shear thinnig and hy steresis loops on the flow curves) is shown. The threshold character of the dependence of the area of the hysteresis loop on the oil tempera ture is demonstrated. Experiments have shown that under certain conditions on the flow curves of the studied oils, there are areas of a decrease in shear stress with an increase in shear rate, similar to areas of a «super anomalous» viscosity (SAV) in plastic lubricants. The shape and size of these areas, i.e. the intensity of the «superanomality» manifestation strongly depends on the experiment conditions and are poorly reproducible from experiment to experiment. In experiments, the SAV phenomenon at temperatures below the gelation temperature was always observed when the sample of paraffinic oil was at rest for a sufficiently long time before deformation. If, however, it was in the gap between the viscometer cylinders after the end of the next measurement cycle for a short time (no more than a few minutes), then at the next cycle of recording the flow curve, the SAV phenomenon can be practically imperceptible, although the hysteresis remains. Experiments show that if a sample of high paraffinic oil is deformed at a constant low shear rate, i.e. constant angular velocity of rotation of the device cylinder, and a temperature below the temperature of gelation, then on the falling curve of the dependence of shear stress on time («shear thinning»), oscillations in shear stress with a period equal to the period of rotation of the viscometer cylinder can be observed.
APPLICATION OF AUTOMATED SOFTWARE FOR OPERATIONAL HYDRAULIC CALCULATIONS OF A FIELD TRUNK PIPELINE
Authors: Melnikov D.I. , Drozdov D.A. , Myasin P.Yu. , Mukhin I.B. , Podorozhnikov S.Y. , Zemenkova M.Yu. , Chizhevskaya E.L.
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the issues of improving the accuracy and efficiency of initial data preparation, as well as carrying out technical calculations when planning the route of field trunk pipelines (FTP) by automating the solution of tasks for: choosing the pipeline route according to a topographic map, constructing the profile of the pipeline route, conducting hydraulic calculation of the pipeline, determining the locations of pumping stations on the route and their operating modes. The results of the research carried out on the development of a software module for hydraulic calculation of field trunk pipelines for special software of the automated control system of the MTO «Palas» are presented.
INFLUENCE OF ASSOCIATED PETROLEUM GAS COMBUSTION VOLUMES ON AVERAGE ANNUAL SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURE INCREASE IN WESTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Podnebesnykh A.V. , Podnebesnykh N.V. , Khafizov A.R.
Published: April 2024

On April 2016, Russia signed the Paris Climate Agreement, under which by 2030 it pledged to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions to no more than 70 % of 1990 levels annually. However, this may be hindered by a number of factors, in particular the significant increase in oil production at new oil and gas fields being brought into commercial development. Most of these facilities are concentrated in inaccessible areas with poor infrastructure, which significantly complicates the process of associated petroleum gas utilization and calls into question the fulfillment of commitments made. At the moment, carbon regulation in Russia is at the initial stage: in 2018, the level of greenhouse gas emissions from Russia amounted to only 52 % of the 1990 level. This has a significant contribution to the change in the temperature background of oil-producing regions, the main one being Western Siberia. Therefore, the study of such a massive anthropogenic impact on the environment, such as the mass flaring of associated petroleum gas on an industrial scale, is confidently correlated with Russia's stated strategic goals to significantly reduce the amount of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere.
SUBSTANTIATION OF SOLUTIONS TO INCREASE THE DURABILITY OF THE INNER ROWS OF STEEL TEETH OF ROLLER CONE BITS DURING DRILLING OF BOULDER-PEBBLE ROCK FORMATIONS
Authors: Valyamov K.R. , Ishbaev G.G.
Published: April 2024

The article deals with issues concerning the increase in the productivity of roller bits when drilling soft and soft-medium rocks with inclusions of boulder-pebble formations by justifying solutions to increase the relative safety margin of steel teeth expressed in an increase of the impact strength of the material for making cones in combination with an increase in the geometry of steel teeth. The efficiency of the rock-crushing tool and, as a result, the destruction of rock during the entire drilling cycle, directly depends on the resource and durability of the elements of the roller bit. When drilling the upper intervals of deposits in the East Siberian region, composed of soft and soft-medium rocks with inclusions of boulder-pebble deposits, there is a problem of premature wear of the drill bit. Both PDC bits are subject to catastrophic wear due to chips and fractures of PDC cutters, as well as roller bits. The use of first-class roller bits with steel teeth leads to advanced wear, expressed by the scrapping of the teeth of the inner rows. This leads to a «hanging» of the bit and a loss of mechanical penetration speed. Based on this, the work provides recommendations for increasing the durability of steel teeth for first-class roller cone bits.
AN NEGATIVE PRESSURE WAVE METHOD OPTIMIZATION FOR GAS PIPELINE LEAK LOCATION
Authors: Baghirov A.F.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the optimization of the negative pressure wave method, designed to determine the location of leaks from a gas pipeline.The proposed negative pressure wave method provides a more accurate determination of the leak location, because a group of readable equally spaced sensors is used. To determine the location of a leak, the sign of the appearance of a minimum of a certain functional is used, which contains, as an integrand, the product of two exponential functions that cha racterize the weakening of a negative pressure wave propagating from the location of the leak to the position of the selected left and right sensors.Calculation formulas are given for calculating the optimal distance between a displaced pair of readable sensors, and the form of the optimal functional relationship between the distances from the place of leakage to the position of the sensors is established.
Bibliometric Analysis of Turkish Journalism Theses and Dissertations: Research Approach Transformation
Authors: Delal Özlem
Published: April 2024

The rapidly changing landscape in the media sector, driven by the dynamic interplay of technology, communication systems, and societal influences, is causing a profound paradigm shift in academic research focus. This study investigates the landscape of journalism theses and dissertations in Turkey, spanning years, universities, types, subjects, keywords, and methodologies. Our approach employs bibliometric analysis to illuminate the transformation in research strategies within the journalism field. We collected data from the Council of Higher Education Thesis Center, where all graduate theses and doctoral dissertations are submitted through institutional channels using a web scraping technique. Over 36 years (1985–2021), 1,709 graduate studies were authored in journalism in Turkey. Our findings reveal that Istanbul University and Marmara University were prolific publishers of doctoral dissertations and master's theses, respectively. Predominant interdisciplinary themes revolve around communication sciences, sociology, and political communication. Notably, content analysis, discourse analysis, and field research have emerged as the primary research methodologies in journalism.
Life of the Russian Regions in the Mirror of Television and Documentary Cinema: Comparative Analysis of the Tools
Authors: Myasnikova Marina
Published: April 2024

The article presents a comparative analysis of activity of the Russian regional and federal television, as well as the author’s documentary cinematography, covering the life of the Russian regions. Accordingly, the objects of research are television and documentary cinematography, and the subject includes the differences in the tools that they use in the mentioned activity. The relevance of the topic is due to new phenomena, connected with the growing interest of screen media not in the distant countries, as before, but in the life of their own country and its separate territories. Various scientific approaches to the differentiation of television programs are considered, special cycles are described, their peculiarities, advantages and disadvantages are identified. One of the article’s sections is devoted to identifying the differences between television and cinema, involving the opinions of respected domestic and foreign scientists. The empirical material for writing the article was activity of the Russian regional and federal TV channels, creative work of several domestic TV hosts and documentary film directors, as well as the work to establish interaction between the regional film communities in order to promote the regional documentary cinema to the audience. As a result, trends were identified that appeared in the pattern of covering the life of the regions by different media; differences in approaches to the problem of “author and hero” on television and in the cinema were indicated. In a situation when the regional television is clearly losing to the regional cinema, the audience’s demand for which is growing, television is recommended to switch to the regular screenings of the author’s documentary cinema in order to improve its own programming policy away from “formularity” and entertainment to more meaningful creative solutions.
Formation of the Professional Worldview of Future Journalists in the Process of Studying at University (Opinion of the Expert Community from the CIS Countries)
Authors: Khubetcova Zalina
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the role of higher journalism education as an institution of professional socialization of future journalists. The purpose of this research was to study the ideas of employees of the higher education system about the mission of journalism educators to introduce students to the values of the professional community. The empirical basis of the study was the materials from a series of semi-structured interviews conducted in 2022–2023 with teachers of professional journalistic disciplines and/or organizers of journalistic education from Armenia, Belarus, Russia and Tajikistan. In the self-reflection of journalism educators, assessments of the degree of influence of the education system on the process of forming the worldview of a future journalist, ideas about the role of theoretical disciplines as a source of normative attitudes and a set of ideas that should be included in the ideological core of professional journalism education in the studied countries in accordance with current social expectations were highlighted. In particular, expert from Russia and Armenia called the patriotic education of journalists a key public demand in recent years. In Russia, the education system is only trying to adapt to the new demands of the social environment, while in Armenia the idea of educating journalists in a patriotic way has been implemented for the last 20 years. Experts from Belarus named the defense of historical truth in relation to the role of the USSR as a winner in World War II as a key idea requiring inclusion in the thematic register of journalistic disciplines. The participants of the study noted the need for regular contacts in the educational space of the CIS.
The Concept of Conflict Semantic Explication Within the Functional Terminological Field (Based on the Analysis of Russian and International Media Sourses)
Authors: Denissova Galina , Demina Irina , Gladkova Anna , Antipova Alina , Ilchenko Daniil
Published: April 2024

The study attempts to carry out an objective analysis of conflict as the main component of social dynamics in an interdisciplinary manner and within the paradigm of intercultural comparative research. In order to achieve this goal, an experimental study of the ways to conceptualize conflict in the functional field of media discourse was conducted. The object of the study is the content of the websites of twelve leading newspaper publications from five countries during the period of 2020–2022: Russia, Great Britain, the USA, India and China. The choice of media sources is predetermined by their leading role in the national media markets (top 10 national newspapers), as well as by similar characteristics: socio-political course, mass audience, and daily issuing. To study the degree of conflict manifestation, we used the Integrum media monitoring and analytical system which contains full-text electronic archives of more than 120,000 publications, including those selected for the study. To understand the dynamics of publicational activity, the total number of conflict-related texts for every year between 2020 and 2022 for each media source the quantitative analysis based on the detection of conflict attributes was performed. The share of conflict-related media texts in the overall agenda was revealed. The further analysis of semantic features combined within the most significant thematic categories shed light on the specificity of conceptual pattern typical of the countries under investigation.
Bisikletçilerde Glutamin ve Kreatin Kombine Tüketiminin Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Kargın Zehra , Abdioğlu Mekki , Mor Hakkı , Okur Selim , Arslanoğlu Erkal , Mor Ahmet
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı glutamin ve kreatin kombine tüketiminin bisikletçilerin performansına akut etkisinin incelenmesidir. Bu çalışmaya lisanslı, aktif ve antrenmanlı 8 erkek bisikletçi (yaş: 25,85 ± 9,75 yıl; boy uzunluğu: 174,71 ± 5,18 cm; vücut ağırlığı: 69,81 ± 7,16 kg; beden kütle indeksi (BKİ): 22,95 ± 2,97 kg/m2; sporcu yaşı: 5,28 ± 2,28) gönüllü olarak katıldı. Randomize, tek kör ve çapraz döngü çalışmada, bisikletçiler rastgele 2 gruba ayrıldı ve 48 saat ara ile glutamin&kreatin (SUP) veya plasebo (PLA) alarak fonksiyonel eşik güç (FTP) testini uyguladı. Testlerin ardından Borg Skalası, Görsel Analog Skala (GAS) ve Gastrointestinal Semptom Derecelendirme Ölçeği (GSDÖ) uygulandı. Gruplar arası karşılaştırma bağımlı örneklem t-test ile analiz edildi. Ayrıca etki büyüklüğünün hesaplanması için Cohen’s d formülü uygulandı. Testler sonucunda kalp atım hızı (KAH), kadans, FTP (ortalama güç, W, W/kg), algılanan zorluk derecesi (AZD) ve GAS değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olmadığı tespit edildi (p>0,05). Ayrıca, SUP grubu lehine kadans değerlerinde düşük (0,34) ve GAS değerlerinde yüksek etki büyüklüğü (0,83) bulunurken, AZD değerlerinde PLA grubu lehine orta etki büyüklüğü (0,61) tespit edildi. GSDÖ bulgularında gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığı tespit edildi (p>0,05). Sonuç olarak, çalışmamızda glutamin&kreatin kombine tüketiminin fonksiyonel eşik güç (FTP) ve performans üzerine akut etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, glutamin&kreatin tüketiminin kas ağrılarına olumlu etki ettiği söylenebilir.
Acetabular Fracture Outcomes and Complications: An International Comparison
Authors: Dallman Johnathan , Ayres Jack , Nolte Jack , Everist Brian , Crist Jamie , Frager Luke , Sojka John , Malancea Radu , Heddings Archie
Published: April 2024

Introduction
While there have been many technological advances in the treatment of acetabular fractures since the landmark article by Judet and Letournel, the effectiveness of many of these advances have not been definitively determined. Comparing patient outcomes between two countries with differing amounts of technological resources may identify the efficacy of such resources.
 
Methods
This study retrospectively compared 489 patients (373 US, 116 Romania) who underwent open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for acetabular fracture(s) in a Romanian trauma center and a United States (US) trauma center between February 2011 and August 2018.
 
Results
US patients had a higher rate for the following comorbidities: diabetes (p=.0268), obesity (p<.0001), and hypertension (p<.0001). US patients had a significantly shorter pre-op delay (p<.0001). Matta’s criteria for initial quality of reduction did not vary significantly between countries (p=.1101). No significant difference was found in rates of DVT (p=.0722), postoperative infections (p=.2819), sciatic nerve lesions (p=.9999), or loss of reduction (p=.9999). US patients had significantly higher Brooker criteria scores for heterotopic ossification (p<.0001).
 
Conclusions
There were no significant differences in outcomes between US and Romanian patients even though US patients received treatment using the latest technology while Romanian patients were treated using substantially fewer resources. Given that technological advances in surgical technique come at a considerable price, it makes sense to build upon this study to gain a more precise understanding of how these advances improve outcomes for patients, and whether or not they are worth the added cost.
Biomechanical Comparison of Impaction Techniques and Cross-Sectional Femoral Stem Shapes for Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Richardson Vanessa , Chong Alexander , Brown Anthony
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Traditional mallet broaching and stem seating for cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) could lead to femoral stem misalignment therefore decrease implant survivability. The specific aim of this study was to compare the pull-out strength of cementless THA femoral stem with different cross-sectional design resulting from powered impactor method versus traditional mallet method.
Methods. Twenty-four polyurethane foam femurs along with two size 5 femoral bone preservation stems with different proximal cross-sectional shapes (double taper: ACTIS and flat taper: TRI-LOCK) were utilized. Each femur was prepared with either the powered impactor or mallet impaction methods. Each femur was broached from size 0 to size 5 in the standard fashion. Broaching time and component implantation times were recorded. A load-to-failure pullout strength test was performed, and the ultimate pullout load was recorded.
Results. The broaching time for TRI-LOCK stem was statistically significant between two impaction methods (powered: 37 seconds, mallet: 75 seconds, p=0.002), but not statistically significant detected for ACTIS stem between two impaction methods (powered: 47 seconds, mallet: 59 seconds). There was a statistically significant difference in pullout strength between the two impaction groups, and this strength was impacted by the implant cross sectional shape (ACTIS: 774N versus 679N, p=0.018; TRI-LOCK: 616N versus 819N, p<0.001).
Conclusions. The femoral bone preparation technique (powered impactor technique versus mallet technique) and the cross-sectional design of the cementless femoral stem play an important role in achieving initial stem stability and influencing operation time.
Supervisees' Views on Live Observation-Based Supervision Modality
Authors: Sarıkaya Yusuf , Köksal Burak , İlhan Tahsin , Korkmaz Murat
Published: April 2024

Live observation is a technique that allows the supervisor to offer immediate feedback to the supervisee by directly witnessing counseling sessions. Despite its numerous advantages over traditional supervision methods, this approach is seldom put into practice due to its time-consuming nature. Furthermore, there is insufficient research on its suitability in supervision practices, particularly in the context of Türkiye. In this study, the views of the participants on a practice in which live observation and consultation break methods used together were examined. The research involved seven students enrolled in a master's program in Guidance and Psychological Counseling at a university in the Central Black Sea region of Türkiye. Live observation and consultation break methods were incorporated into students' certain sessions as part of their individual psychological counseling practices course. After the supervision process ended, semi-structured individual interviews were conducted to evaluate the students' experiences. The data from the interviews were analyzed using content analysis. The students' opinions were grouped under four themes: development, relationship, live observation practice, and the overall supervision process. The participants stated that the live observation-based supervision practice improved their professional competence and increased their self-awareness. They also stated that they experienced anxiety at the beginning of the practice, but that this anxiety disappeared over time. The views of the participants suggest that the practice of live observation-based supervision strengthens the relationship between client, supervisee, and the supervisor. In general, the results indicate that this practice is a method that can be used in supervision processes.
Effect of antorex, a new antagonist of orexin receptors, on binge eating in rats caused by weaning from the mother in early ontogenesis
Authors: Lebedev Andrey A. , Pyurveev Sarng S. , Nadbitova Natalia D. , Bychkov Evgeny R. , Lizunov Aleksey V. , Lukashkova Valeria V. , Evdokimova Natalia R. , Lebedev Viktor A. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Research on the elements of food addiction in animal models shows that its manifestations are attributed to intermittent consumption of high-calorie foods. Chronic stress in ontogenesis can cause episodes of binge eating or dietary restrictions such as anorexia.
AIM: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a new orexin receptor antagonist antorex on binge eating in a rat model of maternal neglect.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mature male rats weaned from their mothers for 3 h after birth from days 2 to 12 received a high-carbohydrate diet every third day for 1 h for 45 days. Moreover, high-calorie food was placed within 5 cm of visual contact 15 min before feeding. Antorex, an orexin receptor antagonist, was administered intranasally at a dose of 1 µg/1µL for a total of 20 µL for 7 days.
RESULTS: Intermittent consumption of high-calorie food products induced binge eating in rats. The frequency of the signs of binge eating increased after chronic weaning stress. The consumption of standard briquette feed was not altered. Intranasal administration of both the orexin receptor antagonist antorex reduced the manifestations of food addiction in rats after maternal deprivation under conditions of intermittent consumption of high-calorie food compared with controls. Standard food intake did not differ relative to the control group both before and after аntorex administration.
CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest new ways to study and synthesize peptide drugs based on orexin and its antagonists for the correction of food addiction caused by chronic stress in ontogenesis.
Effect of polycystic ovary syndrome on dysmenorrhea: a case-control study
Authors: Behzadfar Samaneh , Jalilvand Faranak , Salehi Narges
Published: April 2024

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that has an important impact on women of reproductive age and is diagnosed with various hormonal disorders. Menstrual pain is a common and often problematic problem for women during their reproductive age. Although these two problems may appear to be presented separately, they often overlap and lead to complex and multiple challenges in health care for women. This study was conducted with the aim of the effect of PCOS on dysmenorrhea.
Methods: This case-control study was done on 92 women who visited Alavi hospital in Ardabil during 2022-2023. Data collected included age, body mass index, length of the menstrual cycle (in days), menstrual bleeding volume (number of pad changes during the menstrual cycle), duration of menstrual bleeding (in days), and the presence of menstrual pain. Additionally, the severity of menstrual pain was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results: Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference between subjects with PCOS and non-PCOS in terms of the frequency of pain scores (p=0.03). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the variable of pain intensity (p=0.70).
Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the frequency of dysmenorrhea increases in people with PCOS, but the intensity of menstrual pain does not increase.
Factors associated with decision-making on family planning use among women aged 15-49 in Guinea
Authors: Sidibe Tiany , Camara Sadan , Toure Madeleine , Diallo Aissatou , Diallo Ramata , Sall Alpha Oumar , Barry Fanta , Keita Kaba Saran , Conte Ibrahima , Balde Mamadou Dioulde
Published: April 2024

Background: In Guinea, several factors affect women's ability to make decisions about contraceptive use. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with married women's decision-making power regarding family planning use in Guinea.
Methods: Data from the 2018 Guinea Demographic and Health Survey were used. A sample of 752 women was included in the study. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine the factors associated with women's decision-making power regarding the use of family planning in Guinea. The Odd ratio with 95% confidence interval was calculated for the variables in the final model.
Results: The overall prevalence of women deciding to use family planning was 65.47% [95%CI: 62.18 68.61]. Urban women had a 49% lower chance of deciding to use family planning than rural women (adjusted OR=0.61; 95% CI [0.238 0.92]). Similarly, women with secondary education were 3.53 times more likely to use family planning than those with no formal education (adjusted OR=3.53; 95% CI [1.27 9.78]).
Conclusions: This study shows the importance of several factors in women's decision-making power regarding family planning use in Guinea. Women with secondary education, those in the Kindia and Kankan regions, and those with a job had higher probability of deciding to use family planning. Findings from this study could help guide public health policies, emphasising the importance of education, employment and access to health services in improving women's decision-making power when it comes to family planning in the Republic of Guinea.
FIGO classification system (PALM-COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in non-gravid women
Authors: Trivedi Forum J. , Deliwala Kruti J. , Deliwala Dhanvi J. , Patel Shlok V.
Published: April 2024

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the most common problems of the women of reproductive age group leading to increased number of hospital visits. International federation of gynecology and obstetrics (FIGO) has suggested a new etiological classification system polyp, adenomyosis, leiomyoma, malignancy and hyperplasia, coagulopathy, ovulatory dysfunction, endometrial, iatrogenic, and not yet classified, known by the acronym PALM-COEIN to standardize the terminology, investigations, diagnosis and management of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in non-pregnant women of reproductive age group.
Methods: This is a retrospective study on 150 patients of abnormal uterine bleeding to categorize them on the basis of PALM-COEIN classification. Patients were grouped under these categories after detailed history, examination, investigations and histopathological reports.
Results: Ovulatory dysfunction was the most common cause of AUB in patients presenting to the gynecology outpatient department (n=42, 28%). It was followed by leiomyoma (n=37, 24.67%) and endometrial causes (n=23, 15.33%). They constitute the top 3 causes of AUB. Adenomyosis (n=22, 14.67%), not known (n=10, 6.67%), iatrogenic (n=5, 3.33%), polyp (n=6, 4%), coagulopathy (n=1, 0.67%) and malignancy (n=4, 2.66%) contributing least to the PALM-COEIN classification as an etiology for AUB.
Conclusions: The PALM COEIN classification system is useful in understanding various etiological causes of AUB, facilitates accurate diagnosis and hence helps in optimizing the treatment.
Impact of simulation-based-teaching in obstetrics and gynecology in under-graduate medical education
Authors: Kaur Satwant , Mahaur Beena , Kumar Tanya , Aneja Ankit
Published: April 2024

Background: Simulation based teaching (SBT) is an evolving teaching-learning method (TLM) that can enhance skill acquisition among students while providing multiple practice sessions, before on-patient implementation helping to improve confidence and competency among medical students.
Methods: The study was conducted among 150 students of Phase II MBBS students of Adesh medical college and hospital, KKR, Haryana, from April 2022 to October 2022 on batches of 30 students each during their clinical postings of 4 weeks in the OBG department. They were further divided into batches of 10, and given didactic lecture on the selected topic. Following which, the facilitators demonstrated the skill. The students were allowed to practice individually. There doubts were cleared. An OSCE evaluation of the skill was made, followed by a debriefing session. A feedback form was then filled by both students and facilitators to assess impact of SBT.
Results: Among the 150 students of phase II MBBS students, 146 responses were received. Both the medical students and the facilitators showed high levels of satisfaction with SBT. About 60.27% (88) students had a good overall experience with this new TLM.
Conclusions: SBT improves retention as well as understanding of the concept. The teachers witnessed improved confidence and enhanced overall performance. The current study concludes that SBT is a highly effective tool and should be firmly inculcated in medical education.
The study of fetomaternal outcome in second stage caesarean section
Authors: Khanam Aaesha , A. Shanti Sri , Ahmed Maimoona
Published: April 2024

Background: Caesarean section is commonly perceived as a simple alternative to difficult vaginal birth and in the recent years its prevalence during the second stage is increasing. Caesarean section in second stage of labor has additional associated risks for the mother such as obstetric hemorrhage, extended uterine tear, bladder injury and longer hospital stay. It is also associated with increased neonatal morbidity in terms of NICU admissions, fetal acidemia, hypoxemia and prolonged NICU stay. This study was conducted to know the indications of second stage caesarean section and to assess maternal and neonatal outcomes in second stage caesarean section.
Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study conducted at a tertiary perinatal care center from August 2021 to August 2022. All second stage caesarean sections performed during this period were analyzed in terms of indication for caesarean section, intraoperative, postoperative complications and fetal outcomes.
Results: During the study period there were a total of 10433 deliveries. Out of this, 5392 deliveries done by caesarean section, in which 67 were second stage caesarean section. Deep transverse arrest was the most common indication for caesarean section in second stage of labor. Most common intra operative complication was uterine atony, seen in 32.5% cases. 16 (24%) NICU admission were noted with respiratory distress being the most common indication. 15 (23%) had post operative complications like febrile illness.
Conclusions: Second stage caesarean section is associated with significant maternal and neonatal morbidity. A skilled obstetrician and proper training are required to take appropriate decisions for caesarean section at full dilatation of cervix.
The fetomaternal outcome in case of post-dated pregnancy at tertiary care center
Authors: Chaudhari Prachi , Vohra Hafsa
Published: April 2024

Background: Post-date pregnancy is a challenge for maternal and perinatal care and a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to analyse the risk factors and feto-maternal outcome of pregnancies which goes beyond due date.
Method: It is a prospective study carried out during period from October 2021 to October 2022 in obstetrics and gynecology department of B. J. medical college and hospital, Ahmedabad. 100 cases of post-dated pregnancy out of 12,885 delivered cases were studied in this study.
Results: The present study was conducted in the hospital for risk factors leads to post-dated pregnancy and maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Among the 12,885 deliveries, 990 were post-dated pregnancy and 100 cases studied in this study. In the present study, incidence of post-dated pregnancy 7.6%. Majority of women belonged to age group 21 to 25 years (66%). 68% of them delivered vaginally, 32% women required caesarean section, the most common indication being foetal distress, 57% of women were given induction by various means and 32% of them had successful vaginal delivery.19% babies had NICU admission with respiratory distress (7%) being the most common reason.
Conclusions: Post-dated pregnancy is high risk condition which is challenge to obstetrician and leads to maternal and neonatal complications. A better management is a pre-requisite to reduce the rate of perinatal mortality and morbidity in this group of patients. With regular antenatal check-up, the incidence of post-dated pregnancies can be decreased.
A study of knowledge, attitude, practice, and preferences of contraceptive methods in women of district Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Singh Rashmi , Singh Himanshu Pal , Bajaj Antriksh , Bhaskar Deepak
Published: April 2024

Background: Studies have shown that despite the increase in contraceptive uses over the years, there still exist a gap in the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding contraception. The present study has been designed to study the knowledge, attitude, practice and preferences of contraceptive methods in women of district Saharanpur, to determine the association between knowledge and attitude on contraceptive methods with the variables.
Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study of 150 females coming to gynaecology OPD using a self-administered questionnaire on knowledge, attitude, scale, practice and preferences was done at GMC, Saharanpur between February 2023 - April 2023.
Results: Among 150 participants included 42% were between 18-25 years of age.58.6% were from rural area. 68.6% were Muslims. 32% had primary education and 27.3% had secondary. 84% had their marriage between 19-25 years of age. 92.6% were housewives. 68.6% had a family income between ₹10,001 to ₹15,000. 53.3% belong to nuclear family. 42% of participants had 3 or more children. 68% had moderate knowledge on contraceptives, accounting from media which were 32% followed by health care workers which was 30%. Majority had a favourable attitude towards contraceptive methods, 77%. 2.6% did not use any contraceptive methods. 25.3% used barrier methods, followed by OCP usage at 21.3%. There was an association between knowledge, education, residence, family size and age in years.
Conclusions: The study showed that majority of the females had moderate knowledge and favourable attitude towards contraceptive usage.
A study of fetal outcome in patients with premature rupture of membranes with gestational age more than 28 weeks
Authors: Rajmane Shantanu H. , Anand Mamta , Senapati J. B.
Published: April 2024

Background: Premature rupture of membranes is rupture of membranes before the onset of labour irrespective of gestational age. If it occurs before 37 weeks, it is called as preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Once PROM delivery is inevitable, so neonatal prognosis depends on gestational age at which PROM occurs. Neonatal complications include prematurity and its complications mainly, also pulmonary hypoplasia due to severe oligohydramnios, skeletal and joint deformities to foetus due to compression, increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment and neonatal white matter damage. PROM is a still one of the most difficult and controversial problems in obstetrics.
Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at a tertiary care hospital from 2021 to 2023 (18 months). A total of 275 patients admitted with complaints of per vaginal leaking with gestational age more than 28 weeks were studied. A multivariate analysis was used to find association between PROM and foetal outcome.
Results: In this study, 57% (157) new-borns had birth weight >2.5 kgs, 60% (166) new-borns had APGAR score 8/10, 71% (196) new-borns were term, 40% (109) had NICU stay, 6% (17) had respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), 3% (8) had neonatal sepsis, 2% (6) had neonatal hypoglycaemia and perinatal mortality rate was 1% (3).
Conclusions: Once there is PROM, delivery is imminent. Neonatal outcome can be improved significantly after administration of steroids and antibiotics. To get that time short term tocolysis can be used. During that time foeto-maternal monitoring should be done for early detection of chorioamnionitis. Looking after preterm infants puts an immense pressure on family, economy and health care resources. The prevention of PROM is difficult so more focus should be on management of PROM.
Comprehensive assessment of menstrual cup awareness and utilization among degree students
Authors: Gottiparti Varalaxmi , Jose Amisha , E. V. Ayana , Sravani Sheelam , Deepika Madanu , Jose Aleena , Anusha Thakur , Babu Roslin , Swetha Uyyala , Maheswari Vallapudasu
Published: April 2024

Background: Menstrual hygiene management poses significant challenges for girls in low-income environments, particularly in educational settings, where cultural norms, inadequate knowledge of recommended hygiene practices, and restricted access to affordable menstrual products hinder effective menstrual care. The vaginal menstruation cup emerges as a potential alternative to traditional sanitary pads or tampons, offering a sustainable and cost-effective solution.
Methods: The research approach was quantitative research, and the research design adopted was a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The study was conducted among college students at selected colleges in Suryapet. The sample size was 60. The non-probability purposive sampling technique was used.
Results: Assessment of knowledge was done using a self-administered questionnaire, and practice was done using an observational checklist. Analysis showed that the pre-test mean knowledge score was 5.61±1.16 and the post-test mean knowledge score was 17.86±1.46. The pre-test mean practice score was 2.79±1.18, and the post-test mean practice score was 10.37±1.36. Analysis also reveals that (r =0.340, p = 0.009) a positive correlation was found between the knowledge and practice scores of students regarding menstrual cups. Analysis also reveals the calculated ‘t’ value for knowledge, i.e., 49.52, which shows the demonstration of knowledge regarding menstrual cups among college students was effective. The calculated ‘t’ value for practice, i.e., 30.84, shows the demonstration in practice was effective.
Conclusions: The study concludes that knowledge scores were associated with age, type of family, and education. Therefore, by statistically interpreting the data, the demonstration of knowledge and practice regarding menstrual cups among college students was effective. Consequently, the alternative hypothesis is accepted.
Role of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of vault prolapse
Authors: Sharma J. B. , Kamal Mukesh , Pandey Kavita , Hari Smriti , Kumari Rajesh , Aggarwal Ashita , N. Nisha , Deoghare Manasi
Published: April 2024

Background: Vault prolapse usually follows vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy and is usually associated with cystocele, rectocele and enterocele. Diagnosis is made clinically but magnetic resonance imaging can better detect enterocele than clinical finding.
Methods: It was a prospective study over 3 years, so women presenting with vault prolapse, in which grading of vault prolapse was made clinically and by pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POPQ). Magnetic resonance imaging was performed for all cases to quantify prolapse and compare findings of MRI and POPQ with intraoperative findings of prolapse.
Results: Mean age, parity, BMI were 58.4 years, 3.5, 22.71kg/m2 respectively. Most patients (75%) had vaginal hysterectomy while 25% had abdominal hysterectomy. Symptoms were pressure in lower abdomen and perineum (55%), bulge and feeling of mass descending in perineum (100%) and chronic constipation (60%). The type of prolapse was cystocele (100%), rectocele (100%), vault prolapse (100%) and enterocele (45%). MRI had agreement with intraoperative findings in 65% cases in cystocele, 45% cases in vault prolapse, 50% in rectocele but had much higher agreement of 88.8% for enterocele. While POPQ had higher agreement with intraoperative findings for cystocele (80%), vault prolapse (98%), rectocele (80%) but had poorer agreement for enterocele (66.6%).
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that MRI was inferior in diagnosis of cystocele, rectocele and vault prolapse than POPQ but was superior in identification of enterocele than POPQ.
Clinical study of emergency obstetric hysterectomy in tertiary care center
Authors: Yannam Rishitha Reddy , Thirumaran Harshini , Meghana Kanchibhotla , Vasantha Lakshmi G. N.
Published: April 2024

Background: The aim of study was to assess the frequency, demographic features, reasons, and outcomes for both the mother and fetus linked to emergency obstetric hysterectomy.
Methods: We conducted a hospital based retrospective cohort study, between January 2016 to November 2023. A comprehensive study was conducted on 36 instances of emergency obstetric hysterectomy (EOH) at Sri Ramachandra institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Chennai, within the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The study encompassed pregnant women delivering from 28 completed weeks of gestation to term, specifically those who underwent hysterectomy either during the intrapartum period or within the puerperium due to complications arising during childbirth.
Results: The incidence of EOH in our study was 22 per 1,00,000 following vaginal delivery and 196 per 1,00,000 following caesarean section. The overall incidence was 106 per 1,00,000 deliveries. Morbidly adherent placenta (39%) was the most common indication followed by Atonic postpartum hemorrhage (36%) and Placenta previa with placenta accreta (20%). Anemia (67%) emerged as the most prevalent maternal complication, with fever (30%) following closely behind.
Conclusions: In situations where traditional surgical methods prove ineffective and immediate access to interventional radiology is unavailable, a well-balanced approach to EOH can be life-saving. Our study underscores the significance of EOH in the coming years, given the increasing probability of both cesarean sections and multiple pregnancies.