bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of sleep deprivation on vigilance and neural activation during the Sustained Attention to Response Task
Authors: Soares Johnny
Published: February 2019

The effects of sleep deprivation on vigilance and neural activation during the Sustained Attention to Response TaskIntroduction: Sleep deprivation is common and can result in impaired vigilance with fatal consequences, but little is known about effects of sleep deprivation on neural activation. With functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), neural activation associated with an attention-demanding task such as the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) can be visualized and analyzed. This is one of the first studies combining SART with fMRI to study total sleep deprivation. Aims: This study aimed to determine how sleep deprivation affects vigilance and neural activation during the SART. Primary outcomes are the number of errors committed during the SART and fMRI activity associated to the SART task. Material and Methods: This cross-over study compares sleep deprivation and full sleep. 9 healthy participants (6 males and 3 females) with normal sleep patterns were included. Participants were randomized to undergo both conditions in counterbalanced order and were planned for a total of three different MRI sessions and two SART evaluations. Results: No SART results were statistically significant, however there was a tendency of increased error percentage in the sleep deprived condition. There was no strong tendency of longer response times in sleep deprived condition. Clusters of neural activation were observed in areas associated with the executive network. However, none were statistically significant. Conclusions: This study suggests that SART performance regarding accuracy may be affected by sleep deprivation; however response times are not. No significant effect of sleep deprivation on neural activation was found, however indications of areas related to vigilance were located in expected areas.
The microstructure and three-point bending behavior of Ni–Co/WC composite cladding coating
Authors: Yang Guirong , Song Wenming , Li Jian , Wang Fuqiang , Ma Ying , Hao Yuan
Published: February 2019

Ni–Co/WC composite coating was fabricated on ZG45 steel substrate through vacuum sintering cladding technology. Its microstructure, composition, and three-point bending behavior were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray diffraction, and mechanical testing. Results show that the distribution of WC particles presents a 3D net-like shape. A metallurgical fusion area is observed at the interface between the composite coating and the substrate. The entire coating consists of a composite coating area, a transition area, and a diffusion fusion area. The main phases of the coating are WC, Cr7C3, Cr23C6, Ni3Si, FeNi3, and Ni–Co solid solution. Three-point bending results reveal that the softness coefficient of the whole sample when the composite coating was in a compressive stress state was larger than that when the composite coating was in a tensile stress state. The bending strength of the sample is 520 MPa when the composite coating is in a compressive stress state. This value is 66 % higher than that when the composite coating is located at the bottom. The cracks simultaneously extend to the substrate and interface when the composite coating was in a compressive stress state and to the substrate when the composite coating was in a tensile stress state. The fracture of the composite area is brittle, and the substrate fracture is ductile.
Calcium silicate-poly(n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) nanocomposite for bone tissue adhesion
Authors: Guerra Bretaña Rosa M. , de Sena Lídia A. , Beltrão Marilia S. , Resende Rodrigo F. , Sartoretto Suelen C. , Maia Mônica D. C. , Pedrosa Carolina , Balottin Luciene , Granjeiro José M. , Achete Carlos A.
Published: February 2019

Calcium silicate–poly(n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) nanocomposite has been studied as a promising biomaterial to immobilize small bone fragments in order to achieve adequate fracture healing. The aim of this work was to investigate the in-vitro and in-vivo biocompatibility of the synthetic nanocomposite produced. The samples were characterized by means of infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Bioactivity, degradability, cytotoxicity and implantation tests were performed. Experimental results showed the degradability of the nanocomposite, no cytotoxicity and a significant apatite nucleation and growth on the material surfaces after seven days of immersion in simulated body fluid. The new bone formation observed on the surface of the nanocomposite implanted in vivo is an indicator of its biocompatibility.
Osteological characters of the axial skeleton and pectoral girdles in some species of the Euroasian freshwater fishes of the family Cottidae
Authors: Prirodina V.P. , Tsvetkov I.B.
Published: February 2019

The structure of the pectoral fin, its girdle and osteological details of the axial skeleton and a skeleton of the caudal fin, including the structure of unpaired fins were studied in three species of three genera of the family Cottidae: the genus Cottus: European species C. koshewnikowi Gratzianov, 1907 and two species of Fareastern monotypic genera: Trachidermus fasciatus Heckel, 1837 and Mesocottus haitej (Dybowsky, 1869). The species well differ in structure of the pectoral girdles and pleural ribs. Mesocottus haitej is characterized by absence of the interradial and coracoid fenestrae and by considerable reduction of pleural ribs in the abdomen part of the vertebral column. Сottus koshewnikowi and T. fasciatus have backwardly directed pleural ribs (3 pairs of ribs in M. haitej). Trachidermus fasciatus is characterized with the most number of plesiomorphic features: the presence of branched rays in the pectoral fin, greater numbers of vertebrae, rays in the second dorsal, anal and pectoral fins, big anteanal distance and by number of preural vertebrae, supporting the procurrent rays. In C. koshewnikowi, the first dorsal fin occupies the most anterior position: aID 32.6–38.0% SL vs 35.7–38.7% SL in T. fasciatus and 36.4–40.8% SL in M. haitej.
Late Pleistocene Felidae remains (Mammalia, Carnivora) from Geographical Society Cave in the Russian Far East
Authors: Baryshnikov G.F.
Published: February 2019

Fossil remains of felids from Geographical Society Cave and neighboring localities (Tigrovaya Cave, Malaya Pensau Cave, and Letuchiya Mysh Cave) in the Russian Far East are found to belong to four species: Panthera tigris, P. spelaea, P. pardus, and Lynx lynx. In Geographical Society Cave, the felid fossils are confined to deposits of the warm stage of the Late Pleistocene (MIS3). The simultaneous presence of Panthera tigris and P. spelaea seems to be unusual, the tiger remains being numerous whereas those of the cave lion are scant. There are differences between the Late Pleistocene tiger and the recent tiger in dental characters. P. tigris, most probably, migrated twice to Russian Far East from southern regions: in interstadial MIS3 and, subsequently, in the Holocene.
Prise en charge de l’hyperkaliémie aux urgences
Authors: Lemoine L. , Legrand M. , Potel G. , Rossignol P. , Montassier E.
Published: February 2019

L’hyperkaliémie est l’un des désordres hydroélectrolytiques les plus fréquemment rencontrés aux urgences. Les étiologies principales sont l’insuffisance rénale aiguë ou chronique, le diabète et l’insuffisance cardiaque. L’hyperkaliémie aiguë peut être une urgence vitale, car elle est potentiellement létale du fait du risque d’arythmie cardiaque. Sa prise en charge aux urgences manque actuellement de recommandations claires en ce qui concerne le seuil d’intervention et les thérapeutiques à utiliser. Les thérapeutiques couramment appliquées sont fondées sur un faible niveau de preuve, et leurs effets secondaires sont mal connus. Des études supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour évaluer l’utilisation de ces traitements et celle de nouveaux traitements potentiellement prometteurs. Nous faisons ici une mise au point sur les données connues en termes d’épidémiologie, de manifestations cliniques et électrocardiographiques, et des différentes thérapeutiques qui peuvent être proposées dans la prise en charge de l’hyperkaliémie aux urgences.
Anthropology and Law in Latin America
Authors: Sieder Rachel
Published: February 2019

As a researcher working within the field of collaborative or ‘engaged’
legal and political anthropology in Latin America, law does very much
shape my research agenda and that of most of my colleagues. I would
also contend that anthropology does impact law throughout the region,
although to a much lesser extent. This is most evident in the legalisation,
judicialisation and juridification of indigenous peoples’ collective
rights to autonomy and territory in recent decades. Yet, the influence of
anthropology on legal adjudication in the region is not only limited to
issues pertaining to indigenous peoples: engaged applied ethnographic
research is playing an increasingly important role in revealing to legal
practitioners and courts the effects of human rights violations in specific
contexts, and victims’ perceptions of the continuums of violence
to which they are subjected.
Reconciling Anthropology and Law
Authors: Rosen Lawrence
Published: February 2019

When I was thinking of going to law school, I went to speak with a law
professor at the university where I had done my PhD. ‘Well, Mr. Rosen,’
he said, ‘the thing about law school is it will teach you how to think.’
I kept waiting for the other shoe to drop: think about law, think like
a lawyer. No, he meant think – period. With all due humility, I was at
that time coming from the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton,
NJ, and should like to imagine that I had actually learned a few things
while doing my doctorate at his own university. In the forty years since,
while serving as an adjunct professor of law and visiting professor at
several such institutions, I have also encountered the occasional law
scholar who, in a moment of academic noblesse oblige, has regarded my
anthropology credentials as quaint but insufficient evidence that one
has the tough-minded capacity that flows from a legal education. The
lawyers may pay some attention to a few other disciplines, but, even
though they may have given in to the allure of economics and bolstered
their intellectual self-image with the odd philosopher or historian, the
question remains why the law schools still tend to regard anthropology
as almost entirely irrelevant.
The Male Body as Vacillation
Authors: Girelli Elisabetta
Published: February 2019

This article considers the representation of gendered disability in
The Men (Fred Zinnemann, 1950), Marlon Brando’s first film. A groundbreaking
yet deeply ambiguous text, the film explores notions of normative and
non-normative physicality through the lens of masculinity, sexuality, and their
implications for human status. In the light of key works by disability scholars
and of Judith Butler’s discussion of the cultural construction of the body, this
article examines the multiple and subversive meanings made available by the
film, and the extent to which The Men allows for a different bodily identity
based on dissent.
INFORMATION MODELING OF WASTE DISPOSAL SITES
Authors: Richter Andrey , Kazaryan Maretta , Shakhramanyan Mihail , Borisova Denitsa , Stankova Nataliya , Ivanova Iva
Published: February 2019

The paper proposes a methodology for developing information model or database of waste disposal sites /WDS/ or landfill sites, applying received remotely and in-situ data from Earth surface monitoring, especially including procedures of morphological processing, data normalization and visualization models. The overall structure and composition of the information model, described subsystems, classes, objects, and attributes (properties) of the data, are presented. The possibility of formation of new information relations, that arise between different kinds of information, through morphological (in particular, the morphemic) processing “raw” information at the input, for example, between the classifiers (waste products, settlements, economic activities, etc.), is described. The paper used methods of system analysis, methods of mathematical linguistics, space monitoring methods. For example a structure of constructing the database, the archive and the classifier of unauthorized waste disposal facilities (solid waste landfills, waste piles, municipal landfills, and others) is presented. The scheme of data model describes the components (tables) as part of the model: general information, geometric and geographic parameters of geo-referenced data, including data for adjacent territorial-administrative facilities, etc.
APPLICATION OF AEROSPACE DATA FOR FOREST FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT AND PROGNOSES. A CASE STUDY FOR VITOSHA MOUNTAIN
Authors: Velizarova Emiliya , Nedkov Rumen , Molla Ibrahim , Zaharinova Mariana
Published: February 2019

An adequate assessment of the fire risk is of great importance for developing fire-prevention policies. Two important indices, that have been frequently used to estimate the level of fire risk, are the Fire Weather Index (FWI) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The main purpose of the present study was to analyse the NDVI index variability during different summer time periods for Vitosha mountain region in order to assess his applicability for accessing the associated risk of fire. A comprehensive spatial and temporal data regarding the distribution of the NDVI index obtained through satellite data (using aerospace technology), GPS and above-ground data, and rationalised using the GIS approach have been applied. The data obtained demonstrate that immediately after a fire, the NDVI for BR “Bistrishko branishte” reached a negative value -0.025(±0.346). The lowest NDVI: +0.17 (±0.339) was found for the image taken on 16.08.2012, about two months before the fire occurrence. Overall, the results show that the NDVI data could be successfully used as an indicator for identifying locations with an elevated summer vegetation dryness and provide important information on vegetation sites with an increased fire susceptibility. Therefore development of a fire risk assessment methodology based on using NDVI data, especially during summer periods, appears to be a promising technique for regions, where the fire events have been frequently observed.
STUDY OF RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS OF MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM ANTARCTIC CLIFFS AND BLACK SEA BOTTOM SEDIMENTS
Authors: Matvieieva N. , Churkina L. , Shakhovsky A. , Kadurin S. , Tashyrev A.
Published: February 2019

Resistance to antibiotics of bacteria isolated from extreme ecosystems was compared. Pseudomonas аntarctica and Rothia sp. strains isolated from rocky lichen of Antarctic Galindez Island were highly resistant to the antibiotics. Rhodococcus fascians 181n3, Sporosarcina aquamarina 188n2 and Staphylococcus epidermidis 190n1 strains were found to be sensitive to all antibiotics studied. Plasmid localization of genes coding resistance to Cr (VI) and Co2+ was determined. Correlation of resistance of microorganisms isolated from «ecologically pure» ecosystem to antibiotics demonstrated in this study and resistance of these microorganisms to the toxic metals exhibited by us earlier is fundamentally new data which testify the phenomenon of simultaneous resistance of microbial community to different extremal factors.
INTEGRATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE HASKOVO REGION’S LANDS IN TERMS OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE TO DESERTIFICATION AREAS
Authors: Avetisyan Daniela , Nedkov Roumen , Velizarova Emiliya
Published: February 2019

Desertification is the consequence of a set of important processes which are active in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid environments, where water is the main limiting factor of land use performance in ecosystems. Located in dry sub-humid environments of South-Eastern Bulgaria, Haskovo Region is distinguished with a significant lack of humidity in growing period reaching up to 700 mm. Landscapes in Haskovo Region exhibit different sensitivity to desertification for various reasons mainly determined by the characteristics of their components and how they react to changing environment. The various types of sensitive to desertification landscapes can be distinguished and mapped by using certain key indicators for assessment of the land capability to withstand further degradation. These factors can be divided into four broad categories defining the qualities of soil, climate, vegetation, and management (stressor indicators). The aim of the resent study is to identify main characteristics of landscape components and to delineate territories with lands resistance to degradation processes in terms of desertification. Remote sensing methods and GIS were used.
MONITORING ON FOREST ECOSYSTEMS BY USING SPACE-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT TYPES AEROSPACE DATA
Authors: Stoyanov Andrei , Borisova Denitsa
Published: February 2019

The following work presents results derived by space-temporal analysis of different types of aerospace data for environmental monitoring on the dynamics of the condition of the forest vegetation.
Different indices (NDVI, NDWI) and indicators have been used for territories occupied by different types of forest ecosystems. A comparative analysis between optical and radar images have been conducted and results about the degree of correlation between the different generated indices from the tested areas are presented.
Based on the performed different analysis and surveys and the results derived from them, an evaluation can be done for the following: for which territories occupied by specific forest vegetation are the most sensitive indices during the monitoring.
The derived results could be used for monitoring and ecological assessment on forest resources management in regional and national action plans.
STUDY OF ELECTROGENIC PROPERTIES OF MICROFLORA OF MUD MASSES OBTAINED FROM VARIOUS BIOTYPES
Authors: Tjurin-Kuzmin A. , Ilyin V. , Korshunov D. , Punegova A. , Suprunova Ju.
Published: February 2019

Microbial fuel cells (MFC) are an environmentally friendly way of generating electricity, which is often accompanied by the decomposition of organic waste. A common problem for these devices is the low power generated by the electric current. In nature, the decomposition of organic waste, coupled with oxidation-reduction reactions, i.e. the transfer of electrons and protons formed during the decomposition is carried out by microbial communities, which, in their optimal state for this process, are called active sludge (AS). A mature active sludge consists of a so-called flocculium - round formations in the size from 30 to 100 and more microns, inside of which microorganisms carrying out various reactions of decomposition of organic substances are contained. It is easy to see that the MFC design is topologically similar to the active sludge flocculant. We tried to check how the presence of microorganisms in the water chamber affects the productivity of the MFC by filling the anode and cathode chambers with the same sludge mixture, and the test cells were shaken on a shaker to create favorable conditions for the formation of microbial communities. The active sludge cell in both chambers shaken on the shaker, over time, generated the highest voltage in the external circuit as compared to the control samples. The obtained data confirm the legitimacy of the assimilation of MFC flocculine AS. The evolution of the microbial community of the silt mixture in two directions - in the aerobic and anaerobic MFC chambers - apparently leads to the formation of two different communities mutually complementing each other as part of the MFC and improving the operation of the MFC, subject to additional dynamic provision (shaking). The effect of the addition of peptone to the anode chamber on the productivity of MFC was also investigated. The periodic addition of peptone significantly increased the output power of the MFC cell. Apparently, substrates of protein nature, representing a nutrient medium for electrogenic bacteria, can be used to stimulate the electrogenic activity of the microflora of late anaerobic silt.
Universalismus und Parteilichkeit in der Kritischen Theorie Axel Honneths
Authors: Kempf Victor
Published: February 2019

Der linkshegelianische Grundansatz kritischer Theorie denkt die universalistischen Aspirationen emanzipatorischer Vernunft als konstitutiv vermittelt durch den Kampf subalterner Subjekte. Theoriegeschichtlich geht diese Dialektik allerdings immer wieder verloren. Der Aufsatz verdeutlicht dies an der Anerkennungstheorie Axel Honneths: Obzwar vom kämpferischen Blickwinkel missachteter sozialer Gruppen ausgehend, wird das Konfliktbewusstsein bei Honneth schließlich durch ein reformistisches Fortschrittsparadigma verdrängt. Dies ist problematisch, weil dadurch der historische Hervorbringungsprozess jener universalistischen Sittlichkeit, deren wesentliches Bestehen Honneth widersprüchlicherweise bereits voraussetzt, aus dem Blick Kritischer Theorie gerät. Ein Korrektiv könnte eine Polemologisierung der Anerkennungstheorie Honneths sein, die inspiriert durch die radikaldemokratischen Konzepte der „Gegenhegemonie“ (Laclau/Mouffe) und des „Unvernehmens“ (Rancière) die parteiliche Perspektive subalterner Subjektivierung als den politischen Ursprung eines emanzipatorischen Universalismus zum Vorschein bringt.
Von der Demokratie zur Postdemokratie?
Authors: Bein Simon
Published: February 2019

Ist die westliche Demokratie in der Krise und ernsthaft gefährdet, den Bereich des Demokratischen zu verlassen und sich zur Postdemokratie zu entwickeln? Oder sind die demokratischen Systeme nur einem – möglicherweise notwendigen – Formwandel unterlegen, der in der Anpassung an eine sich globalisierende und individualisierende Umwelt begründet liegt? Dieser Aufsatz verfolgt die These, dass der Postdemokratie-Begriff trotz modelltheoretischer Kritikpunkte beibehalten werden kann, um eine empirisch motivierte Analyse der Problemfelder etablierter Demokratien zu unternehmen. Der Vorteil des Postdemokratie-Begriffes liegt darin, dass damit ein Schwellenwert zwischen demokratisch und postdemokratisch beschrieben werden muss. Insofern argumentiert die vorliegende Abhandlung, dass sich die zentralen Problemfelder westlicher Demokratien in den Bereichen der Partizipation, Repräsentation und Legitimation zusammenfassen lassen und für jeden dieser Bereiche mittels zweier Unterindikatoren die Abgrenzung zwischen Funktionalität und postdemokratischem Defekt gelingt. Dieser dreidimensionale Analyserahmen kann dann als Ausgangspunkt dienen, die genannten Veränderungen in den westlichen Demokratien auf ihren systemischen Charakter hin zu untersuchen.
Entrepreneurship posture and new venture performance in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Sher Zaman , Yang Qing , Khan Najib Ullah , Waheed Abdul
Published: February 2019

This study investigates entrepreneurship posture and new-venture performance in Pakistan, by assessing the impact on the performance of newly-established ventures, of two major constructs: entrepreneurial predisposedness, including its dimensions of innovativeness, proactivity and risk taking, and entrepreneurial motivation. The research model and its pertinent hypotheses are tested through structural equation modeling, applied on the data gleaned from 408 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) upstarts. The results show that two entrepreneurial-predisposedness dimensions, i.e., proactivity and risk taking, might have a significant positive effect on new-venture performance, with innovativeness showing an insignificant positive effect. Entrepreneurial motivation also seems to have a significant positive effect on new-venture performance. Despite its limitations, the study contends that uplifting the entrepreneurial motivation and predisposedness of SMEs upstart owners, partners and managers will enhance new-venture performance in Pakistan, while also discussed are implications for future research and practice.
REPRODUKSI MULTIKULTURALISME DI TENGAH PLURALITAS MASYARAKAT BATAK (Kasus pada Masyarakat Pematang Siantar, Sumatera Utara)
Authors: Yuwono Dandung budi
Published: February 2019

Being granted of various religions and ethnicity, the people of Pematang Siantar could live harmoniously and free of religious-ethnic conflicts. The source of this paper is gained from a research applying anthropological-qualitative methods. The objective is to understand concept and thought, as well as to look at and observe the spirit of multiculturalism developed by the people of Pematang Siantar in maintaining their harmony. The data collection applies techniques of observation and deep interview, whereas the data is analysed interpretively by applying techniques of triangular analysis together with emic and etic perspectives. The result demonstrates that the harmony within the pluralistic society of Pematang Siantar could be maintained for within the people life, there have been developed collective awareness of plurality. Nevertheless, the society keep developing critical attitudes through the movement of multiculturalism that has been socially reproduced by applying internal perspective, namely the development of tolerant habit, the conservation of kinship system and tradition, the rejection of primordialism, and the application of the politic of multiculturalism.
PERILAKU BERMEDIA SOSIAL PEMELUK KONGHUCU TERHADAP INFORMASI KEAGAMAAN MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Purwanti Rini
Published: February 2019

The Study begins from the widespread of hate through social media, hence it becomes an additional task for preachers and boards of religious organisations to make social media as medium to widespread religious messages in order to enhance religious understanding of the congregations. In this regard, the social media activists need to be aware of characters of profiles of their congregations, so that they are able to provide religious messages in informative and interesting packages. The researcher applied the AISAS model proposed by Dentsu in order to describe the attitudes of social media users among the Confucians in accessing any religious information from social media (IKMS). The AISAS was developed to observe attitudes based on the understanding that the internet becomes great, and that the users of social media currently has access to a space where they receive and send any information. In this AISAS (Attention, Interest, Search, Action, and Share) model, the key process is Attention by which the user initially receives messages, followed by Interest. Further, the user does Searches of any information, then performs Actions, and eventually Shares the information to other users. The AISAS model is not linear so that it is able to describe the attitudes of social media users. Through the AISAS model, the readers are expected to have descriptions of social-media-ing attitudes among Confucian society towards any religious information through social media.
DINAMIKA LAHIRNYA FATWA MUI PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA TENTANG SESATNYA SYI'AH JA'FARIYAH AJARAN NAWAWI HUSNI (ONG)
Authors: Muchtar Ibnu Hasan
Published: February 2019

The objective of this research is to describe the presence of synergy between the fatwa Commission of MUI of North Maluku and other fatwa institutions within Islamic organisations in issuing a fatwa on the deviation of Ja’fariya Shi’ism of Nawawi Husni (Ong). This is also to identify factors which lead to the synergy, and conversely, other obstacles that did not lead them to synergy.The research applied qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The qualitative data is collected by using techniques of interview, documentary study, and library inquiry. The case of the study is the fatwa of MUI of North Maluku, No. 45, Year 2015 on the deviation of teaching spread by Nawawi Husni (Ong) on behalf of Ja’fariya Shi’ism.The research discovers that there was no synergy between the fatwa Commission of MUI of North Maluku and other fatwa institutions within Islamic organisations. The fatwa Commission of MUI of North Maluku did not officially involve other fatwa institutions within Islamic organisations when discussing the draft of the fatwa, well in fact, they were usually involved in the previous meetings before the idea whether the MUI need to issue a fatwa or not. This includes several factors such as 1) the emergency situation as the inter-citizen conflict had emerged; 2) it was not easy to coordinate with other fatwa institutions; 3) the have been representatives of Islamic organisations in the board of MUI of the Province of North Maluku
RELASI UMAT KHONGHUCU DENGAN MASYARAKAT SEKITAR DAN PEMERINTAH DIKAWASAN PECINAN
Authors: Suhanah Suhanah
Published: February 2019

The objective of the study is to understand forms of harmony of religious society in the Pecianan region. This includes any services for Confucian society that have been or have not been provided by the government. This study is also aimed at analysing the relations of Confucian society with surrounding religious communities, as well as with the society and the government, which are able to create religious harmony. This research applies qualitative approach in the form of case study. The data collection is conducted through interview, observation, documentary study, and library inquiry. The research discovers that the harmony is well maintained in the Pecinan region. At least, the Confucian society are able to perform their rituals and worships very well. The government have provided several services such as birth certificate, identity card (KTP), and education. However, the government has not provided other services such as Higher Academy of Confucianism. The relations of Confucian society with surrounding religious communities is developed well, even though there have been some small frictions that fortunately did not come to the surface. Generally, there have been harmonisation between religious communities in Semarang City, especially in the Pecinan region that is the reservoir of Confucian society.
PERTUMBUHAN SYI’AH DAN RELASINYA DENGAN NON SYI’AH DI KOTA MEDAN SUMATRA UTARA
Authors: Sugiyarto Wakhid
Published: February 2019

This paper is the result of a research conducted in 2016 that was back-grounded by several persecutions, intimidations, and violence towards Shi’i-related communities. Those persecutions, intimidations, and violence was based on many negative accusations that have been long addressed to them across the globe. The research is conducted within qualitative approach. The data collection includes techniques of Focused Group Discussion (FGD), observation, interview, and documentary study. The objective of this study is to describe the growth of the Shi’i community, the testimony that led them to convert to Shi’ism, as well as to describe their relations with other Muslim community. The research discovers the new real situation, that Shi’ism has developed quickly among educated people and students in Medan. They have formed and sponsored the foundation of many Shi’i religious circles (Majelis Taklim) in many regions (kabupaten kota) within the Province of North Sumatera, several circles in the Provinces of West Sumatera and Aceh. In addition, the relations of Shi’i community with other Muslim societies develop well. This can be seen from the establishment of the Islamic Foundation of Abu Thalib in Medan that was attended by the Rector of UIN of North Sumatera, the Director of Post-Graduate Studies of UIN of North Sumatera, religious figures of any religious organisations, and most of the members of the society.
RITUAL HAJI DAN SEJARAH AGAMA :Telaah Karya William R. Roff
Authors: Sakirman Sakirman
Published: February 2019

Ritual yang hanya dianggap sebagai perjalanan rohani telah dibangun selama berabad-abad lamanya. Sejak zaman primitif sampai zaman modern. Pekembangan zaman yang tentunya juga merubah pola pikir masyarakat sama sekali tidak mempengaruhi kepada kebulatan niat untuk melaksanakannya. Begitu juga dengan berkemelutnya kondisi sosial seperti sekarang tetap tidak menjadi alasan bagi mereka untuk mengurungkan niat melestarikan dan meneruskan ajaran Rasul. Ritual ini memiliki keunikan, yaitu dengan proses sangat rumit, penuh dengan pengorbanan baik harta mupn jiwa. Tidak cukup itu saja, seorang yang melaksanakan ritual haji, sepulangnya dari tanah suci dia akan mendapatkan status yang tinggi yang tentunya memiliki konsekwensi moral cukup besar. Ini memang sebuah permasalahan, tapi lebih dari itu ada permasalahan yang labih besar lagi.  yaitu untuk mencari makna dan nilai yang labih dalam lagi di balik pelaksanaan ritual tadi. Sebab, yang jelas ritual sesakral itu tidak mungkin hanya merupakan perjalanan rohani saja akan tetapi pasti mempunyai kontribusi terhadap kehidupan sosial. Inilah yang akan dibuktikan secara ilmiah oleh William R. Roff  dalam karya ilmiahya “Haji dan Sejarah Agama-Agama: Pendekatan Teoritis Terhadap Haji”.
PEMBUATAN BUKU SAKU MATERI KEANEKARAGAMAN MAKHLUK HIDUP DI SMPIT FAJAR ILAHI BATAM TAHUN PELAJARAN 2016/2017
Authors: Saputra Hendra , Sari Nurhaty P.
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis research aims to made pocketbook subject the variety of creature for the seventh students of SMPIT Fajar Ilahi Batam the year 2016/2017, to know the suitability of pocketbook according to subject experts, media expert and the science subject, to know student assessment for pocketbook subject the variety of creature as lesson media. In this research is used research and development model through ADDIE conducted were only three steps; Analysis, Design, and Development or Production. The collected data was conducted using inquiry and interview. The expert assessment result gained validity 80.00 included valid categorize, media expert gained validity score 74.29 included in valid enough, science teacher gained validity score 79.03 included in valid enough categorize and students assessment on the trial at the field by the score 90.11 included in reasonable categorize.Keywords: pocketbook, subject the variety of creature. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk  membuat buku saku materi Keanekaragaman Makhluk Hidup untuk siswa kelas VII SMPIT Fajar Ilahi Batam Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017, mengetahui kelayakan buku saku menurut penilaian ahli materi, ahli media, dan guru mata pelajaran IPA, mengetahui penilaian siswa terhadap buku saku materi Keanekaragaman Makhluk Hidup sebagai media pembelajaran. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan model penelitian dan pengembangan melalui ADDIE yang dilakukan adalah tiga tahap saja yaitu tahap Analysis, Design, dan Development or Production.Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket dan wawancara. Hasil penilaian ahli materi diperoleh nilai validitas 80,00 yang termasuk dalam kategori valid, ahli media diperoleh nilai validitas 74,29 yang termasuk dalam kategori cukup valid, guru mata pelajaran IPA diperoleh nilai validitas 79,03 yang termasuk dalam kategori cukup valid dan penilaian siswa pada uji coba lapangan dengan nilai validitas 90,11 yang termasuk dalam kategori layak.Kata Kunci: buku saku, materi keanekaragaman makhluk hidup.
THE USE OF GENERATING INTERACTION BETWEEN SCHEMATA AND TEXT (GIST) STRATEGY TOWARDS STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Octavia Venny , Wilany Eka
Published: February 2019

As a foreign language learner, Indonesian students are not easy to comprehend the text in English; the students have to understand implicit and explicit meaning in the text. It is also not easy for them to get the implicit meaning in interpreting the meaning and purpose of an English text. Strategy in teaching English specifically reading comprehension can affect the student achievement in learning. One of the teaching strategies that is considered useful is Generating Interaction between Schemata and Text (GIST) strategy that provides an opportunity for students to identify important vocabulary and synthesize important pieces of information into summary statement to show the gist of the reading. The research was conducted by using experimental design in quantitative approach. It was conducted to know whether there was any significant effect of Generating Interaction between Schemata and Text (GIST) strategy toward students’ reading comprehension.  The instrument used to assess the students reading comprehension was reading test that distributed to the students in the experimental and control class. The sample of the research was 73 students, from 2 classes. The hypotheses was calculated by using t-test in which the analysis result obtained tcount =7.63 > ttable = 1.99   with α = 0,05, dk = n1+n2-2 (37+35-2) = 70. It means that there was significant effect of GIST Generating Interaction between Schemata and Text (GIST) strategy toward students’ reading comprehension.
AN ANALYSIS OF EFL COLLEGE LEVEL LEARNER’S WRITING COMPETENCE IN WRITING AN ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY
Authors: Dewi Desi Surlitasari
Published: February 2019

One of student’s competence that is expected in college level is to be able to write an argumentative essay. An argumentative essay is a genre of writing that requires students to investigate a topic; collect; generate, evaluate evidence, and establish a position on the topic in a concise manner. The purpose of this study was to find out how EFL learners’ writing competence in writing an argumentative essay. Then, the research question was how are EFL learners’ writing skill in writing an argumentative essay. The research was a descriptive qualitative study, as the data on EFL learners’ writing was analyzed to determine their competence in writing an argumentative essay. The analysis was conducted by describing and explaining the data. The study found that EFL learners’ writing skill in writing an argumentative essay was mostly adequate. In general, the organization was clear and showed the purpose of writing clearly; the content was in logical sequence; the grammar was mostly effective, even though, there were some flaws in the structure of some complex sentences; most of the mechanics were legible and neat, sometimes the word choice is not too appropriate for the context, but it could  convey the message of an essay.
TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS IN THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA NOVEL AND ITS TRANSLATION INTO INDONESIAN
Authors: Sugiharti Sri
Published: February 2019

Translating utterances is not similar to translating sentences.  It requires special attention as there is an intended meaning or message transferred by a speaker to a hearer.  Context of the situation overshadowing the utterance must be obeyed carefully. Thus the messages will be easily revealed. Speech act is a way that allows the messages of utterances to be seen.  Schiffrin (2001) stated that speech act is one of pragmatics’ basic ingredients arranging by words and corresponding to sentences and some ways to avoid kinds of misunderstanding in communication.  The focus of speech act is illucution since it shows the intention of utterances uttered. It is also much correlated with translation.  In translating an utterance, it is not merely translated literally, but there is also an intention that should be translated. This paper is aimed to analyze directive speech act in The Old Man and The Sea and its translation into Indonesian. It tries to reveal the functions of directive speech acts, translation techniques used and the translation quality (readability, accuracy, and acceptability).Keywords: translation analysis, directive speech acts, The Old Man and The Sea Novel.
Pengembangan Multimedia Pembelajaran Menggunakan Adobe Flash CS3 untuk Memfasilitasi Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematika pada Siswa Kelas VIIIBMTs ASSALAFIYYAH MLANGI
Authors: Khuzaini Nanang , Sudarmaji Bayu
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan multimedia pembelajaran menggunakan Adobe Flash CS3 untuk memfasilitasi kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa kelas VIIIB MTs Assalafiyyah Mlangi. Selain itu penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas multimedia pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan tersebut dilihat dari kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang mengacu pada prosedur pengembangan Borg dan Gall tetapi disederhanakan menjadi 3 tahapan.Tahap pertama yaitu pendahuluan melalui studi pustaka dan observasi lapangan.Tahap kedua adalah pengembangan, yaitu menentukan SK/KD, pembuatan multimedia pembelajaran, dan penyusunan instrumen.Tahap ketiga atau tahap yang terakhir adalah validasi dan implementasi.Pada tahap ini, multimedia pembelajaran divalidasi oleh para ahli dan direvisi terlebih dahulu. Lebih lanjut, implementasi dilakukan pada proses pembelajaran di kelas VIIIB MTs Assalafiyyah Mlangi untuk mengetahui kepraktisan dan keefektifan multimedia pembelajaran tersebut. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket dan tes kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa.Hasil penelitian ini adalah perangkat multimedia pembelajaran dalam bentuk CD yang berisi file .exe dan .swf.Selain itu, multimedia pembelajaran dinyatakan valid oleh para ahli.Lebih lanjut, multimedia tersebut juga dinyatakan praktis berdasarkan hasil angket siswa. Sedangkan prosentase ketuntasan siswa terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika adalah 85,25%. Artinya, multimedia pembelajaran efektif dalam memfasilitasi kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa.Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa multimedia pembelajaran yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KECEMASAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DENGAN DISPOSISI MATEMATIS SISWA DI SMP NEGERI 2 LUWUK
Authors: Wibowo Edy
Published: February 2019

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kecemasan belajar matematika siswa dengan Disposisi matematika siswa kelas VIII SMP N 2 Luwuk. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan pendekatan korelasional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP Negeri 2 Luwuk kelas VIII Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 sebanyak 304 orang yang tersebar pada 8 kelas. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara proportionate random sampling sebanyak 15% dari banyaknya populasi sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 46 orang. Analisis data penelitian ini dilakukan secara analisis deskriptif dan analisis inferensial. Analisis yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis adalah analisis korelasi dan regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan negative dan signifikan. Dengan koefisien korelasi (r) = -0.612 yaitu signifikan , dan thit=  sedangkan ttabel = 1,645 maka diperoleh thit > ttabel  atau 10.457 > 1.645, yang menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan negatif antara kecemasan belajar Matematika siswa dengan Disposisi Matematika, yaitu semakin tinggi tingkat kecemasan belajar Matematika Siswa, akan semakin Rendah Disposisi Matematika.Kata kunci: Kecemasan Belajar Matematika, Disposisi Matematika Abstract. This research aims to determine the correlation between mathematics Anxiety and mathematical Disposition of students in VIII grade of SMP N 2 Luwuk.The Methodology of the research is survey with correlational approach. Population of this research are all of students in VIII grade of SMP N 2 Luwuk of 2016/2017 academic year, which us consist of 304 students in eight classes. Sampling is done by implementing proportionate random sampling in 15% from total population. So ,there is 46 students as research sample. Data analysis of this research are descriptive analysis used in examine the hypotheses are correlation analysis and simple regression.The Results showed that negative and significant relationship. Correlation coefisien (r) = -0.612 is siginificant, and tcount= 10.457, while ttable = 1.645. so tcount > ttable or 10.457 > 1.645 it showed that theher were a negative correlation between mathematics Anxiety and mathematical disposition, which is the higher level of mathematics Anxiety , so lower the mathematical disposition. Keywords: Mathematics Anxiety,Mathematical Disposition.
Comparacion entre Valores de Vtec Predichos por el Modelo Nequick2 y los Obtenidos a Partir de Gps sobre Boulder durante muy baja actividad Solar
Authors: Lopez Joaquín Marcelo , Ezquer Rodolfo Gerardo , Albornoz Marcelo Roque , Garay Carlos Exequiel , Scidá Luis Alberto
Published: February 2019

Una especificación confiable del estado de la ionósfera dada por modelos empíricos es importante para mitigar los efectos que esta zona atmosférica produce sobre las operaciones de los sistemas de posicionamiento y navegación basadas en satélites.Este estudio evalúa la capacidad del modelo NeQuick2 para predecir el contenido electrónico vertical total (VTEC), hasta la altura de los satélites GPS, sobre Boulder (40,00°N, 254,75°E), durante una época de muy baja actividad solar. Para ello se comparan las predicciones del modelo con valores de VTEC obtenidos a partir de señales de satélites GPS, publicados por el National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) de EEUU.Teniendo en cuenta las incertezas de los valores de GPS VTEC publicados por el NGDC, los resultados muestran que el modelo estudiado, en general, se comporta como un buen predictor del contenido electrónico total en las condiciones solares consideradas.
The key requirements of teaching neurology to general practitioners and family doctors
Authors: Svyrydova N.K. , Sulik R.V. , Sereda V.G. , Kustkova A.S. , Ponomarehko Y.V.
Published: February 2019

The article outlines the educational and pedagogical methods that have been designed and implemented by the team of the Department of Neurology and reflexology to improve the training of physicians within the General practice and family medicine cycle. Goal: to provide the necessary professional knowledge and broaden the scope of doctors to help differential diagnosis and differential therapy, as well as building up the skills needed for neurological examination and diagnosticating the most frequent cases or urgent lesions of the nervous system.
The clinical and functional state of peripheral nervous system during the treatment of patients with diabetic polyneuropathy
Authors: Terentyeva N.V. , Svyrydova N.K. , Ponomarenko Y.V.
Published: February 2019

The state of the peripheral nervous system and treat- ment of patients with diabetic polyneuropathy is global problem. To study the clinical and functional status of the peripheral nervous system in patients with diabetic distal polyneuropathy we have examined 30 patients with type 2 diabetes. Our research showed the importance of both clinical and electroneuromyographic examination for patients with diabetes who may have or do not to have objective evidence of polyneuropathy. This allows for early detection of initial effects of polyneuropathy and improve treatment tactics.
Peculiarities of diagnostication and treatment of cases of headache associated with migraine attacks
Authors: Svyrydova N.K.
Published: February 2019

Migraine is a frequent neurological disorder that is recorded in 12.6% of the population (6% of men, 18% women). According to the WHO, migraine is on the list of 20 most debilitating diseases in the world. The article outlines the classification, clinical and neurological characteristics and diagnostic criteria of migraine types. The article describes the modifiable risk factors and differential diagnosis of chronic migraine. The article provides the treatment principles of migraine according to the level of evidence of major groups of antimigraine medications and their possible side effects and complications.