bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A dynamic epibiont community associated with the bone-eating polychaete genus
Osedax
Authors: Goffredi Shana K. , Panossian Balig , Brzechffa Camille , Field Naomi , King Chad , Moggioli Giacomo , Rouse Greg W. , Martín-Durán José M. , Henry Lee M.
Published: June 2023

Osedax,
the deep-sea annelid found at sunken whalefalls, is known to host Oceanospirillales bacterial endosymbionts intracellularly in specialized roots, which help it feed exclusively on vertebrate bones. Past studies, however, have also made mention of external bacteria on their trunks. During a 14-yr study, we reveal a dynamic, yet persistent, shift of Campylobacterales integrated into the epidermis of
Osedax
, which change over time as the whale carcass degrades on the sea floor. The Campylobacterales associated with seven species of
Osedax
, which comprise 67% of the bacterial community on the trunk, appear initially dominated by the genus
Arcobacter
(at early time points <24 mo), the
Sulfurospirillum
at intermediate stages (~50 mo), and the
Sulfurimonas
at later stages (>140 mo) of whale carcass decomposition. Metagenome analysis of the epibiont metabolic capabilities suggests potential for a transition from heterotrophy to autotrophy and differences in their capacity to metabolize oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur. Compared to free-living relatives, the
Osedax
epibiont genomes were enriched in transposable elements, implicating genetic exchange on the host surface, and contained numerous secretions systems with eukaryotic-like protein (ELP) domains, suggesting a long evolutionary history with these enigmatic, yet widely distributed deep-sea worms.

IMPORTANCE

Symbiotic associations are widespread in nature and we can expect to find them in every type of ecological niche. In the last twenty years, the myriad of functions, interactions and species comprising microbe-host associations has fueled a surge of interest and appreciation for symbiosis. During this 14-year study, we reveal a dynamic population of bacterial epibionts, integrated into the epidermis of 7 species of a deep-sea worm group that feeds exclusively on the remains of marine mammals. The bacterial genomes provide clues of a long evolutionary history with these enigmatic worms. On the host surface, they exchange genes and appear to undergo ecological succession, as the whale carcass habitat degrades over time, similar to what is observed for some free-living communities. These, and other annelid worms are important keystone species for diverse deep-sea environments, yet the role of attached external bacteria in supporting host health has received relatively little attention.
Genome Sequence of the Lanthanide-Responsive Methylotrophic Bacterium Methylorubrum extorquens Strain GM97
Authors: Nakamura Kohei , Mizuno Kosuke , Shimada Masaya , Hayakawa Takashi , Nakagawa Tomoyuki
Published: June 2023

We present the complete genome sequence of
Methylorubrum extorquens
strain GM97, which formed large colonies on a 1/100 nutrient plate with samarium (Sm
3+
). The genome for strain GM97 was estimated to be 7,608,996 bp, which suggests that the strain is closely related to
Methylorubrum extorquens
strains.
Complete Genome Sequence of Ornithobacterium hominis Type Strain MSHR-COH1 (ATCC TSD-185)
Authors: Salter Susannah J. , Marsh Robyn L. , Parkhill Julian
Published: June 2023

We report the complete genome sequence of the
Ornithobacterium hominis
type strain MSHR-COH1 (ATCC TSD-185/NCTC 14317), a bacterial species isolated from the human nasopharynx. Long-read sequencing reveals that the genome is 2,036,909 bp in length, with a GC content of 35.72%.
Supplemental Material: Development of a back-arc basin from initial rifting to seafloor spreading: Constraints from Paleozoic basic rocks in the North Qinling accretionary orogen, Central China
Authors: Chang Huan , Wu Yuan-Bao , al. et
Published: June 2023

Fig. S1-S6. Table S1: Zircon U–Pb isotopic data obtained by SIMS for samples 16QL87 and 16QL89 from the mafic dykes of the Qinling orogen. Table S2: Major (in wt.%) and trace element (in ppm) contents of the mafic dyke samples and international and Chinese standards. Table S3: Whole rock Sr–Nd–Hf isotope compositions of the mafic dyke samples (t=453 Ma). Table S4: Zircon Hf and O isotopic data obtained by LA-MC-ICPMS and SIMS for samples 16QL87 and 16QL89, respectively.
Supplemental Material: Eclogite in the East Kunlun Orogen, northwestern China: A record of the Neoproterozoic breakup of Rodinia and early Paleozoic continental subduction
Authors: Xiong Lu , Zhang Guibin , et al.
Published: June 2023

Tables S1–S6 and Figures S1–S5.
Supplemental Material: Continuous crustal thinning of the North China Craton in the Early Cretaceous: Evidence from A-type granites
Authors: Li Ao , Yang Wubin , et al.
Published: June 2023

Table S1: Zircon U-Pb isotopic data of the peralkaline A-type granites; Table S2: Major (wt%) and trace elements (ppm) compositions of the peralkaline A-type granites; Table S3: Whole-rock Nd isotopic data; Table S4: Zircon O-Hf isotopic data.
Immune thrombocytopenia in the setting of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Caseiro Alves M Eduarda , Carmo Filipa , Malato Madalena , Cunha Florbela
Published: June 2023

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an immune-mediated event, characterised by the destruction of platelets by autoantibodies resulting in isolated thrombocytopaenia (platelets <100 x109/L). In children, most cases are preceded by a viral infection. Cases of ITP in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been described. We describe a previously healthy boy, who presented with an extensive frontal and periorbital haematoma, petechial rash on the trunk and coryza. He had suffered a minor head trauma, 9 days before admission. Blood tests revealed a platelet count of 8000/µL. The remainder study was unremarkable, except for a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR. Treatment comprised a single dose of intravenous immunoglobulin, with increase in platelet count and no recurrence. We made a working diagnosis of an ITP concurrent with a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although few cases have been described, SARS-CoV-2 might be considered as a trigger for ITP.
Differentiating glaucoma from chiasmal compression using optical coherence tomography: the macular naso-temporal ratio
Authors: Kleerekooper Iris , Wagner Siegfried K , Trip S Anand , Plant Gordon T , Petzold Axel , Keane Pearse A , Khawaja Anthony P
Published: June 2023

Background/aims

The analysis of visual field loss patterns is clinically useful to guide differential diagnosis of visual pathway pathology. This study investigates whether a novel index of macular atrophy patterns can discriminate between chiasmal compression and glaucoma.

Methods

A retrospective series of patients with preoperative chiasmal compression, primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and healthy controls. Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) images were analysed for the macular ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness. The nasal hemi-macula was compared with the temporal hemi-macula to derive the macular naso-temporal ratio (mNTR). Differences between groups and diagnostic accuracy were explored with multivariable linear regression and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results

We included 111 individuals (31 with chiasmal compression, 30 with POAG and 50 healthy controls). Compared with healthy controls, the mNTR was significantly greater in POAG cases (β=0.07, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.11, p=0.001) and lower in chiasmal compression cases (β=−0.12, 95% CI −0.16 to –0.09, p<0.001), even though overall mGCIPL thickness did not discriminate between these pathologies (p=0.36). The mNTR distinguished POAG from chiasmal compression with an AUC of 95.3% (95% CI 90% to 100%). The AUCs when comparing healthy controls to POAG and chiasmal compression were 79.0% (95% CI 68% to 90%) and 89.0% (95% CI 80% to 98%), respectively.

Conclusions

The mNTR can distinguish between chiasmal compression and POAG with high discrimination. This ratio may provide utility over-and-above previously reported sectoral thinning metrics. Incorporation of mNTR into the output of OCT instruments may aid earlier diagnosis of chiasmal compression.
A BERT-ABiLSTM Hybrid Model-Based Sentiment Analysis Method for Book Review
Authors: Wang Peng , Xiong Xiong
Published: June 2023

Aiming at the problem of low accuracy rate of current sentiment analysis methods for book review texts, a book review sentiment analysis method based on BERT-ABiLSTM hybrid model is proposed. First, the overall framework of sentiment analysis is constructed by integrating sentiment vocabulary and deep learning methods, and the fine-grained sentiment analysis is divided into three stages: topic identification, sentiment identification and thematic sentiment identification. Then, a dynamic character-level word vector containing contextual information is generated using a bidirectional encoder representation from transformers (BERT) pre-trained language model. Then, the contextual information in the text data is fully learned by introducing the bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) model. Finally, the accurate analysis of book review sentiment is achieved by using Attention mechanism to highlight important features and improve the efficiency of resource utilization. Through an experimental comparison with existing advanced algorithms, the proposed method in this study has improved at least 4.2%, 3.9% and 3.79% in precision, recall and F1 values, respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed BERT-ABiLSTM is higher than the existing models under different metrics, indicating that the proposed model has a good application prospect in the fields of book review analysis and book recommendation.
Specifying Requirements for Modern Software Development: A Test-Oriented Methodology
Authors: Esperón Alejandro Miguel Güemes , Pérez Francisco Maciá , Martínez José Vicente Berna , Dapena Martha Dunia Delgado , Fonseca Iren Lorenzo
Published: June 2023

Most modern computer systems operate in distributed environments. To develop and test such applications, services, and systems, it is necessary to consider the physical devices, architectures, communication, security and deployment mechanisms involved. However, the requirements’ specification process still replicates that of traditional applications: details remain implicit and are hidden in the description. As a result, specifications are difficult to identify and, ultimately, tests are designed in the traditional way: they overlook constraints and fail to achieve the desired effects. Our objective is to design a methodology for specifying requirements in both traditional software and applications deployed in distributed environments. We present an iterative and incremental requirements specification methodology. This methodology allows us to describe functional requirements and incorporate non-functional or quality constraints, which is the main contribution of this proposal. To ensure that quality requirements are specified during the design phase, the methodology proposes a series of phases, stages and artefacts that ensure the discovery and consideration of these requirements. In order to find out the strengths and weaknesses of our methodology, we have carried out a comparative study with other similar proposals in the literature. To this end, evaluation criteria were defined by considering standards and good practices in Requirements Engineering. The results of the comparative study show that our methodology constitutes a solid procedure for a detailed requirements specification from the beginning of the software development cycle. This represents an advance over the rest of the proposals studied. Our methodology contributes to the simplification of the design and execution phases of software testing, enabling traceability between the specified requirements and the designed test cases.
Instability of 9-aminoporphycenes
Authors: Mbakara Idaresit , Gajewska Agnieszka , Nawara Krzysztof , Waluk Jacek
Published: June 2023

9-aminoporphycenes degrade over time, yielding products that emit in a similar spectral region as the parent compounds. This leads to a triple fluorescence pattern, with relative intensities changing with time, solvent, excitation wavelength, and irradiation. The decomposition products were analyzed using chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, absorption, and emission measurements. The spectra of possible products were also calculated using density functional theory. We conclude that the degradation processes involve oxygenation that occurs both in the ground electronic state and as a photoinduced process, the latter being more efficient.
PVA-assisted synthesis of Zn2SiO4: Mn2+ nanoparticles: Enhanced luminescence properties and applications
Authors: Li Huiya , Li Yaoyao , Wang Xiaomeng , Zhang Zicheng , Liu Dejia , Ma Haiyun , Qu Hongqiang , Xu Jianzhong , Han Yuanyuan , Wang Liyong
Published: June 2023

Green-emitting Mn[Formula: see text] -doped zinc silicate nanophosphor was synthesized by solvothermal method with the assistance of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The structure, morphology and optical properties of phosphors were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy (PL). Also, the application of Mn[Formula: see text] -doped zinc silicate phosphor in electronic devices was studied. Furthermore, Zn2SiO4: Mn[Formula: see text] phosphor was used to be a fluorescent sensor for the first time to detect inorganic ions and small molecules. The results indicated that pure [Formula: see text]-Zn2SiO4 phase nanoparticles with spherical morphology were obtained. The results also showed that the phosphor has excellent selectivity and sensitivity for detecting Cr[Formula: see text] ions, Cr2O7[Formula: see text] ions and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) with low detection limits (Cr[Formula: see text] ions: 1.34 [Formula: see text]M, Cr2O7[Formula: see text] ions: 5.86 [Formula: see text]M, 4-NP: 2.38 [Formula: see text]M). Thus, Mn[Formula: see text] -doped zinc silicate manganese phosphor has potential applications in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and fluorescent sensors.
Procedural Metamaterials: A Unified Procedural Graph for Metamaterial Design
Authors: Makatura Liane , Wang Bohan , Chen Yi-Lu , Deng Bolei , Wojtan Chris , Bickel Bernd , Matusik Wojciech
Published: June 2023

We introduce a compact, intuitive procedural graph representation for cellular metamaterials, which are small-scale, tileable structures that can be architected to exhibit many useful material properties. Because the structures’ “architectures” vary widely—with elements such as beams, thin shells, and solid bulks—it is difficult to explore them using existing representations. Generic approaches like voxel grids are versatile, but it is cumbersome to represent and edit individual structures; architecture-specific approaches address these issues, but are incompatible with one another. By contrast, our procedural graph succinctly represents the construction process for any structure using a simple skeleton annotated with spatially varying thickness. To express the highly constrained
triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS)
in this manner, we present the first fully automated version of the conjugate surface construction method, which allows novices to create complex TPMS from intuitive input. We demonstrate our representation’s expressiveness, accuracy, and compactness by constructing a wide range of established structures and hundreds of novel structures with diverse architectures and material properties. We also conduct a user study to verify our representation’s ease-of-use and ability to expand engineers’ capacity for exploration.
SolarKey: Battery-free Key Generation Using Solar Cells
Authors: Wei Bo , Xu Weitao , Gao Mingcen , Lan Guohao , Li Kai , Luo Chengwen , Zhang Jin
Published: June 2023

Solar cells have been widely used for offering energy for Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Recently, solar cells have also been used as sensors for context awareness sensing due to their sensitivity to varying lighting conditions. In this article, we are the first to use solar cells for symmetric key generation. To generate symmetric keys, we take advantage of photovoltage measurements generated from solar cells equipped with a pair of IoT devices. Symmetric keys are essential for pairing IoT devices and further securing wireless communication. Despite the sensitivity to varying lighting conditions, challenges still remain for the use of solar cells for key generation, such as time unsynchronisation and noisy measurements. To solve these challenges, we design a novel key generation framework, SolarKey, which includes the starting point detection and a compressed sensing-based two-tier key reconciliation method. Extensive experiments have been conducted to evaluate the performance of our proposed key generation method in various environments, which shows the proposed method can improve the key matching rate by up to 25%. We also conduct security analysis and the randomness test, which shows that SolarKey is resilient to common attacks such as the eavesdropping attack and the imitating attack and sufficiently random.
A High Throughput STR-based TRNG by Jitter Precise Quantization Superposing
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Zhang Jiliang
Published: June 2023

With the rapid development of integrated circuits and the continuous progress of computing capability, higher demands have been placed on the security and speed of data encryption in security systems. As a basic hardware security primitive, the true random number generator (TRNG) plays an important role in the encryption system, which requires higher throughput and randomness with lower hardware overhead. However, the throughput of TRNG is related to the entropy source’s quality and the randomness extraction methodology. To quantify the randomness of the entropy source with higher efficiency and quality, we utilize the independent jitter of the self-timed ring (STR) to generate original entropy and propose a high throughput jitter-based TRNG which can extract random information at the pulse of oscillation signal by jitter precise quantization superposing and random oscillation sampling. The proposed TRNG has been implemented on Artix-7 and Virtex-6 FPGAs. The generated true random number successfully passes the NIST SP800-22 and NIST SP800-90B tests while also exhibiting a minimum entropy greater than 0.9947. The most prominent superiority of our proposed TRNG is that it achieves a high throughput of 330 Mbps with an ultra-low hardware overhead of only 35 LUTs and 12 DFFs.
Role of Diet–Microbiome Interaction in Gastrointestinal Disorders and Strategies to Modulate Them with Microbiome-Targeted Therapies
Authors: Jadhav Ajita , Bajaj Aditya , Xiao Yang , Markandey Manasvini , Ahuja Vineet , Kashyap Purna C.
Published: June 2023

Diet is an important determinant of health and consequently is often implicated in the development of disease, particularly gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, given the high prevalence of meal-related symptoms. The mechanisms underlying diet-driven pathophysiology are not well understood, but recent studies suggest that gut microbiota may mediate the effect of diet on GI physiology. In this review, we focus primarily on two distinct GI diseases where the role of diet has been best studied: irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease. We discuss how the concurrent and sequential utilization of dietary nutrients by the host and gut microbiota determines the eventual bioactive metabolite profiles in the gut and the biological effect of these metabolites on GI physiology. We highlight several concepts that can be gleaned from these findings, such as how distinct effects of an individual metabolite can influence diverse GI diseases, the effect of similar dietary interventions on multiple disease states, and the need for extensive phenotyping and data collection to help make personalized diet recommendations.
The Rigor Revolution: New Standards of Evidence for Impact Assessment of International Agricultural Research
Authors: Stevenson James R. , Macours Karen , Gollin Douglas
Published: June 2023

We take stock of the major changes in methodology for studying the impacts of international agricultural research, focusing on the period 2006–2020. Impact assessment of agricultural research has a long and recognized tradition. Until the mid-2000s, such assessments were dominated by a model of demand for and supply of agricultural products in partial equilibrium. The basic ideas for this approach were sketched out by Griliches more than half a century ago. We describe the implications of heightened standards of evidence for good practice in three domains of research design: causal inference, valid measurement, and statistical representativeness. We document advances in each of these domains and review recent evidence that demonstrates the lessons that can be learned from adopting these practices, emphasizing the importance of evidence at-scale, the need to consider portfolios of innovations at a national level, and the challenges of accounting for innovations that are promoted as bundles.
Variation between individuals in sensorimotor feedback control of standing balance
Authors: Goodworth Adam , Felmlee Duffy , Karmali Faisal
Published: June 2023

This study details naturally occurring intersubject variation in healthy adults' balance control. Experimental surface tilts evoked postural sway and sensorimotor modeling defined feedback control parameters. We determined the relation between intersubject variation in feedback control (vestibular and proprioceptive reliance, neural time delay, sensory-to-motor scaling) and intersubject variation in postural sway between planes of motion and between stimulus amplitudes.
Effect of Aeroelastic Tailoring Design on Wing Mode
Authors: He Yajuan , Wang Junli , Li Jinyang , Duan Bofeng , Zhou Yang , Wang Kangjie
Published: June 2023

In this paper, in order to clarify the influence of structural parameters of laminates on the modal characteristics of high-aspect-ratio wings under prestress, the CFD/CSD coupling method was used to study the modal characteristics of nonlinear structures under the influence of layering angle, layering unbalanced coefficient, and layering reference direction. The results show that the first six order modal frequencies of wing structure increase with the increase of layering angle, and the increment change of frequency increases with the increase of layering angle. The frequency results of positive and negative layering angles are basically the same, and there is no great difference. The modal frequency of airfoil structure is not very sensitive to the change of unbalanced coefficient. The modal frequencies obtained by the mixed angle layering scheme are obviously larger than those obtained by the layering scheme composed of only two angles. With the change of the reference direction of laying, the lowest frequency is generally present in the 0° reference direction and has one or two minima in each order of modal frequency. The layer reference direction angle mainly in the second quadrant is beneficial to the enhancement of modal frequency. After determining the related layer parameters, the appropriate adjustment of the layer reference direction will be beneficial to change the vibration characteristics of the wing structure.
Propagation of Nonlinear Dust-Acoustic Waves in a Self-Gravitating Collision Magnetized Dusty Plasma in Earth’s Magnetosphere
Authors: Almuqrin Aljawhara H. , Alotiby Mohammed F. , Tolba R. E.
Published: June 2023

The nonlinear propagation of different types of DANW acoustic dust nonlinear waves has been investigated in a magnetized dusty plasma consisting of negatively charged dust particles, Maxwellian electrons, and ions. Application of the standard reductive perturbation theory is used to derive the corresponding three-dimensional nonlinear a complex Ginzburg–Landau (3D-CGLE) equation which governs the dynamics of the dust-acoustic wave packets. The stationary analytical solutions of the CGLE are numerically analysed where the effect of the physical parameters of the dusty plasma model on the wave’s propagation is taken into account. It has been found that there can be a relationship between the appearance of soliton waves and electromagnetic waves, as well as between shock-like waves and periodic travelling waves. Expression of the importance of these findings is the cornerstone of explaining the true relationship between the propagation of nonlinear waves in the physics of space, for example, the Earth’s magnetic field.
Combining Piezoelectric Stimulation and Extracellular Vesicles for Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Lai Chengteng , Jin Fei , Feng Zhangqi , Zhang Rui , Yuan Meng , Qian Lili , Zhang Lei , Wang Yongxiang , Zhao Jianning
Published: June 2023

Numerous patients experience articular cartilage defects (ACDs), which are characterized by progressive cartilage degradation and often lead to osteoarthritis (OA). Consequently, 44.7% of OA patients suffer from dyskinesia or disability. Current clinical drug treatments offer limited effectiveness in fully curing the disease. In this study, we propose a collaborative approach that combines physical and biological cues to promote cartilage regeneration. A biodegradable piezoelectric poly (l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber scaffold facilitates in situ, battery-free electrical stimulation under natural joint loading, while extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as communication mediators between cells and promote cell proliferation, migration, and secretion of type II collagen. In this combined approach, EVs attached to PLLA are gradually released by localized piezoelectric electrical stimulation and taken up by chondrocytes. This process results in the organization of type II collagen along the PLLA fiber surface, ultimately forming cartilage lacunae that facilitate the residence of new chondrocytes. As an outcome, a significant round cartilage defect (diameter: 3 mm and depth: 1 mm) in the PLLA/EVs group (rat and knee) was rapidly restored within six weeks. In contrast, individual EVs and PLLA groups demonstrated considerably weaker cartilage regeneration capabilities. This research suggests that the synergistic effect of electromechanical stimulation and EVs-based biological cues is a crucial intervention method for treating OA.
BIPOC Nursing Students’ Perceived Barriers to Help-Seeking When under Stress
Authors: Attis-Josias Marjorie
Published: June 2023

Achieving diversity in the nursing workforce is dependent upon the success of BIPOC nursing students. Help-seeking is an adaptive process that nursing students can engage in to facilitate success. BIPOC Bachelor of Science in Nursing students construct knowledge about barriers to help-seeking based on their experiences. Method. This research was not meant to provide a solution to a specific social problem but merely to add to the theoretical knowledge about the experiences of baccalaureate BIPOC nursing students with help-seeking when under stress. Therefore, a qualitative descriptive design comprised of semistructured interviews was implemented. Results. The lack of BIPOC educators, absence of campus diversity, and perpetuation of microaggressions emerged as themes that describe the barriers to help-seeking when under stress. Conclusion. The study results indicate the need for ethnic and racial diversity amongst nursing faculty and the need for faculty, staff, and students to engage in professional development programs about implicit bias and microaggressions.
Parameter Analysis of Active Flap Control for Rotor Aerodynamic Control and Design
Authors: Xia Runze , Hu Zhiyuan , Shi Yongjie , Xu Guohua
Published: June 2023

Active rotor control of helicopters is the future development direction, and active flap control (AFC) is one of the most promising technologies. However, the numerical simulation of an AFC rotor is challenging. It is necessary to consider the fidelity of the local flow details while dealing with complex shapes and motions. Therefore, few simulations of the flow field and analyses of the influencing parameters have been conducted. In particular, there is a lack of aerodynamic design criteria and recommendations for the AFC rotor. Thus, a new overset assembly algorithm, an arbitrary multilevel moving grid transformation algorithm, and a solver for the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (URANS) are proposed to establish a suitable numerical method for AFC rotor simulation. The aerodynamic characteristics of the rotor and key influencing factors are systematically analyzed under different flow conditions and design and control parameters, and suggestions for the design of the AFC rotor are provided. The results show that the AFC significantly changes the load distribution of the rotor. The thrust loss of the rotor is approximately 1%, but the offset angle compensates for the loss. The control parameters show relatively consistent trends under different working conditions. The phase is the key control parameter, and the effect on the load is more pronounced when the control frequency is an integral multiple of the rotor’s natural load frequency. Increasing the chord length, span length, and deflection amplitude can also enhance the active control performance.
Psychosocial Outcomes with the Omnipod® 5 Automated Insulin Delivery System in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and Their Caregivers
Authors: Hood Korey K. , Polonsky William H. , MacLeish Sarah A. , Levy Carol J. , Forlenza Gregory P. , Criego Amy B. , Buckingham Bruce A. , Bode Bruce W. , Hansen David W. , Sherr Jennifer L. , Brown Sue A. , DeSalvo Daniel J. , Mehta Sanjeev N. , Laffel Lori M. , Bhargava Anuj , Huyett Lauren M. , Vienneau Todd E. , Ly Trang T.
Published: June 2023

Objective. While automated insulin delivery (AID) systems aim to improve glycemic outcomes, the opportunity to improve psychosocial outcomes is also of critical importance for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and their caregivers. We evaluated psychosocial outcomes in these groups during a clinical trial of a tubeless AID system, the Omnipod® 5 Automated Insulin Delivery System. Methods. This single-arm, multicenter, prospective study enrolled 83 children (6.0–11.9 years) and 42 adolescents (12.0–17.9 years) with type 1 diabetes to use a tubeless AID system for 3 months. Participants and their caregivers completed age- and role-appropriate validated questionnaires to assess changes in psychosocial outcomes—diabetes distress (PAID), hypoglycemia confidence (HCS), well-being (WHO-5), sleep quality (PSQI), insulin delivery satisfaction (IDSS), and system usability (SUS)—before and after 3 months of AID system use. Associations between participant characteristics and glycemic outcomes with psychosocial measures were evaluated using linear regression analyses. Results. Improvements were found for children, adolescents, and/or their caregivers for diabetes-related distress, insulin delivery satisfaction, and system usability (all

P
<
0.05

). Caregivers of children saw additional benefits of improved general well-being, confidence in managing hypoglycemia, and sleep quality (all

P
<
0.05

). Regression analyses showed that improvements in psychosocial outcomes were generally independent of baseline characteristics and changes in glycemic outcomes. Conclusions. The tubeless AID system was associated with significant improvements in a number of psychosocial outcomes for children, adolescents, and their caregivers. Trial registration: This trial is registered with NCT04196140.
Effects of Different Feeding Regimes on Growth Performance, Survival Rate, Carcass Composition, Fatty Acids Profile, and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Great Sturgeon (Huso huso Linnaeus, 1758) Larvae
Authors: Ghorbani Vaghei Reza , Yousefi Jourdehi Ayoub , Pajand Zabihollah , Monsef Shokri Maryam , Mohseni Mahmoud
Published: June 2023

Six different feeding regimes (FR) were tested from 7 to 38 days post hatching (dph). Five thousand four hundred larvae (7 dph, 0.048 g) were randomly stocked in 18 fiberglass tanks contained 100 L fresh water (300 larvae per each tank). In larvae fed with FR-B, includes Artemia nauplii (AN) + Artemia biomass (AB) + microdiet (MD), the body weight (BW) at the end of trail (38 dph) similar the FR-D (AN + CHL + AB + MD), and E (AN + CHL + AB), was at high level. Survival rate was higher in larvae fed FR-A includes AN + chironomid larvae (CHL) + MD, but had a lower BW (

p
<
0.05

). Moderate BW and survival rate were detected in larvae fed FR-C (AN + DP + MD). Larvae fed only MD (FR-F), had the lowest survival and the highest BW (

p
<
0.05

). Different FR had a significant effect on crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), ash, and dry weight (

p
<
0.05

). The larvae fed FR-C and D had the highest CP (

p
<
0.05

). The highest CF and ash in larvae were detected in FR-F and C, respectively (

p
<
0.05

). Larvae from FR-A and B had higher levels of n−3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in comparison with others FR (

p
<
0.05

). The use of AB and CHL can increased the weight and survival rate of larvae, respectively. At the end of trail, the activity of pepsin, trypsin, lipase and α-amylase enzyme levels were lower in FR-B and F than others FR. Totally, by using a combination of AN + CHL + AB + MD had better results than others and ordered to H. huso larvae feeding. Using MD alone, can cause lesser development of the digestive system and little attractiveness, therefore it can cause starvation, and the empty digestive tract of larvae.
Oncogenic ASPM Is a Regulatory Hub of Developmental and Stemness Signaling in Cancers
Authors: Tsai Kelvin K. , Bae Byoung-Il , Hsu Chung-Chi , Cheng Li-Hsin , Shaked Yuval
Published: June 2023

Despite recent advances in molecularly targeted therapies and immunotherapies, the effective treatment of advanced-stage cancers remains a largely unmet clinical need. Identifying driver mechanisms of cancer aggressiveness can lay the groundwork for the development of breakthrough therapeutic strategies. Assembly factor for spindle microtubules (ASPM) was initially identified as a centrosomal protein that regulates neurogenesis and brain size. Mounting evidence has demonstrated the pleiotropic roles of ASPM in mitosis, cell-cycle progression, and DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) repair. Recently, the exon 18–preserved isoform 1 of ASPM has emerged as a critical regulator of cancer stemness and aggressiveness in various malignant tumor types. Here, we describe the domain compositions of ASPM and its transcript variants and overview their expression patterns and prognostic significance in cancers. A summary is provided of recent progress in the molecular elucidation of ASPM as a regulatory hub of development- and stemness-associated signaling pathways, such as the Wnt, Hedgehog, and Notch pathways, and of DNA DSB repair in cancer cells. The review emphasizes the potential utility of ASPM as a cancer-agnostic and pathway-informed prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Impact of Frontline Ivosidenib on Volumetric Growth Patterns in Isocitrate Dehydrogenase–mutant Astrocytic and Oligodendroglial Tumors
Authors: Kamson David Olayinka , Puri Sushant , Sang Yingying , Shi Meihui Jessica , Blair Lindsay , Blakeley Jaishri O. , Laterra John
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas are usually treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which increases the risk for neurocognitive sequelae during patients’ most productive years. We report our experience using off-label first-in-class mutant IDH1 inhibitor ivosidenib and its impact on tumor volume in IDH-mutant gliomas.

Experimental Design:

We retrospectively analyzed patients ages ≥18 years with radiation/chemotherapy-naïve, mutant IDH1, nonenhancing, radiographically active, grade 2/3 gliomas, and ≥2 pretreatment and ≥2 on-treatment ivosidenib MRIs. T2/FLAIR-based tumor volumes, growth rates, and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed. log-linear mixed-effect modeling of growth curves adjusted for grade, histology, and age was performed.

Results:

We analyzed 116 MRIs of 12 patients [10 males, median age 46 years (range: 26–60)]: 8 astrocytomas (50% grade 3) and 4 grade 2 oligodendrogliomas. Median on-drug follow-up was 13.2 months [interquartile range (IQR): 9.7–22.2]. Tolerability was 100%. A total of 50% of patients experienced ≥20% tumor volume reduction on-treatment and absolute growth rate was lower during treatment (−1.2 ± 10.6 cc/year) than before treatment (8.0 ± 7.7 cc/year; P ≤ 0.05). log-linear models in the Stable group (n = 9) showed significant growth before treatment (53%/year; P = 0.013), and volume reduction (−34%/year; P = 0.037) after 5 months on treatment. After treatment, volume curves were significantly lower than before treatment (after/before treatment ratio 0.5; P < 0.01). Median time-to-best response was 11.2 (IQR: 1.7–33.4) months, and 16.8 (IQR: 2.6–33.5) months in patients on drug for ≥1 year. PFS at 9 months was 75%.

Conclusions:

Ivosidenib was well tolerated and induced a high volumetric response rate. Responders had significant reduction in tumor growth rates and volume reductions observed after a 5-month delay. Thus, ivosidenib appears useful to control tumor growth and delay more toxic therapies in IDH-mutant nonenhancing indolently growing gliomas.

See related commentary by Lukas and Horbinski, p. 4709
Table S1 from Salvage Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab after Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Alden Stephanie L , Lim Mir , Kao Chester , Shu Daniel , Singal Amit G , Noonan Anne , Griffith Paige , Baretti Marina , Ho Won Jin , Kamel Ihab , Yarchoan Mark , Hsiehchen David
Published: June 2023

Table S1. PFS and OS based on Clinical Characteristics
Table S1, Table S2 from A Th1-like CD4+ T-cell Cluster that Predicts Disease-free Survival in Early-Stage Lung Cancer
Authors: Yanagihara Akitoshi , Yamasaki Satoshi , Hashimoto Kosuke , Taguchi Ryo , Umesaki Tetsuya , Imai Hisao , Kaira Kyoichi , Nitanda Hiroyuki , Sakaguchi Hirozo , Ishida Hironori , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Horimoto Katsuhisa , Kagamu Hiroshi
Published: June 2023

Table S1. List of antibodies used for CyTOF.
Table S2. Differentially expressed genes between Th7R cluster and Th1 cluster in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.
Supplementary Figure S4 from A Th1-like CD4+ T-cell Cluster that Predicts Disease-free Survival in Early-Stage Lung Cancer
Authors: Yanagihara Akitoshi , Yamasaki Satoshi , Hashimoto Kosuke , Taguchi Ryo , Umesaki Tetsuya , Imai Hisao , Kaira Kyoichi , Nitanda Hiroyuki , Sakaguchi Hirozo , Ishida Hironori , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Horimoto Katsuhisa , Kagamu Hiroshi
Published: June 2023

Fig. S4.
The percentages of CD8+ T-cell clusters in the peripheral blood were compared before and after surgical resection
in patients with no recurrence and patients with recurrence. Differences were tested by paired Welch's t-test
Supplementary Figure S1 from A Th1-like CD4+ T-cell Cluster that Predicts Disease-free Survival in Early-Stage Lung Cancer
Authors: Yanagihara Akitoshi , Yamasaki Satoshi , Hashimoto Kosuke , Taguchi Ryo , Umesaki Tetsuya , Imai Hisao , Kaira Kyoichi , Nitanda Hiroyuki , Sakaguchi Hirozo , Ishida Hironori , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Horimoto Katsuhisa , Kagamu Hiroshi
Published: June 2023

Fig. S1.
Gating strategy of CyTOF analysis
Supplementary Figure S2 from Multi-institutional Prognostic Modeling in Head and Neck Cancer: Evaluating Impact and Generalizability of Deep Learning and Radiomics
Authors: Kazmierski Michal , Welch Mattea , Kim Sejin , McIntosh Chris , Rey-McIntyre Katrina , Huang Shao Hui , Patel Tirth , Tadic Tony , Milosevic Michael , Liu Fei-Fei , Ryczkowski Adam , Kazmierska Joanna , Ye Zezhong , Plana Deborah , Aerts Hugo J.W.L. , Kann Benjamin H. , Bratman Scott V. , Hope Andrew J. , Haibe-Kains Benjamin
Published: June 2023

Calibration of predicted 2-year event probabilities for the best performing model in each category and the ensemble of all models.
Supplementary Data from Multi-institutional Prognostic Modeling in Head and Neck Cancer: Evaluating Impact and Generalizability of Deep Learning and Radiomics
Authors: Kazmierski Michal , Welch Mattea , Kim Sejin , McIntosh Chris , Rey-McIntyre Katrina , Huang Shao Hui , Patel Tirth , Tadic Tony , Milosevic Michael , Liu Fei-Fei , Ryczkowski Adam , Kazmierska Joanna , Ye Zezhong , Plana Deborah , Aerts Hugo J.W.L. , Kann Benjamin H. , Bratman Scott V. , Hope Andrew J. , Haibe-Kains Benjamin
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Data of figures/tables
FIGURE 2 from Multi-institutional Prognostic Modeling in Head and Neck Cancer: Evaluating Impact and Generalizability of Deep Learning and Radiomics
Authors: Kazmierski Michal , Welch Mattea , Kim Sejin , McIntosh Chris , Rey-McIntyre Katrina , Huang Shao Hui , Patel Tirth , Tadic Tony , Milosevic Michael , Liu Fei-Fei , Ryczkowski Adam , Kazmierska Joanna , Ye Zezhong , Plana Deborah , Aerts Hugo J.W.L. , Kann Benjamin H. , Bratman Scott V. , Hope Andrew J. , Haibe-Kains Benjamin
Published: June 2023

Model results. A, Overview of model characteristics. The characteristics are grouped into input data, prediction head (i.e., how were the survival predictions made) and model type (whether the model involved any nonlinearities and/or convolutions). PH: proportional hazards, MLP: multilayer perceptron, *: age, sex, stage, HPV status. B–D, Performance of all models, including benchmark models, in terms of 2-year AUROC, 2-year average precision and C-index of the lifetime risk, respectively. The results are ranked by AUROC (numbers above bars indicate the overall rank of each model). Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals computed using 10,000 stratified bootstrap replicates. Dashed gray lines indicate random guessing performance (0.5 for AUROC and C-index, 0.14 for AP). E–G, show the Kaplan–Meier survival estimates in low- and high-risk groups identified by the best performing model in each category (combined, EMR only and radiomics), respectively. Test set patients were stratified into two groups based on the predicted 2-year event probability at 0.5 threshold. In each case, there were significant differences in survival between the predicted risk groups (HR, 8.64, 5.96, and 4.50, respectively, p < 10−18 for all).
Data from Salvage Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab after Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Alden Stephanie L. , Lim Mir , Kao Chester , Shu Daniel , Singal Amit G. , Noonan Anne , Griffith Paige , Baretti Marina , Ho Won Jin , Kamel Ihab , Yarchoan Mark , Hsiehchen David
Published: June 2023

Combination anti-PD-(L)1/CTLA-4 blockade is approved in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the first-line setting or after sorafenib, but whether this treatment has efficacy after prior anti-PD-(L)1 therapy is unknown. We performed a multicenter retrospective review of patients with advanced HCC treated with ipilimumab plus nivolumab after prior anti-PD-(L)1 therapy, excluding patients with prior anti-CTLA-4 treatment. Of the 32 patients who met our inclusion criteria, prior anti-PD-(L)1 regimens included atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (50%, n = 16), other anti-VEGF plus anti-PD-(L)1 combinations (31%, n = 10), and anti-PD-(L)1 monotherapy (19%, n = 6). The median number of prior systemic therapies was 2 (range, 1–8). The objective response rate with ipilimumab plus nivolumab by RECIST 1.1 was 22% [1 complete response (3%), 6 partial response (19%), 8 stable disease (25%), 16 progressive disease (50%), and 1 not evaluable (NE) (3%)], and objective response was associated with improved progression-free survival and overall survival. Immune-related adverse events were reported in 13 patients (41%), with no new safety signals. This study demonstrates that ipilimumab plus nivolumab has efficacy in patients with HCC who have received prior anti-PD-(L)1 therapy, suggesting that failure to respond to prior PD-(L)1 blockade should not preclude treatment with salvage ipilimumab plus nivolumab. Prospective studies are needed to define the optimal sequence of therapies.
Significance:
Anti-PD-(L)1 containing regimens are the preferred first-line treatment for advanced HCC, but whether salvage with PD-(L)1/CTLA-4 blockade is effective in patients who have failed prior anti-PD-(L)1 therapy is unknown. Our study demonstrates that ipilimumab plus nivolumab has clinical activity in patients with advanced HCC previously treated with anti-PD-(L)1 therapy, supporting the continued use of this regimen in the late-line setting after prior anti-PD-(L)1 exposure.
Proliferative Sickle Cell Retinopathy in the Retinal Periphery Detected by Ultra-Widefield Imaging: A Case Report
Authors: Giocanti-Aurégan Audrey , Fajnkuchen Frank
Published: June 2023

Sickle cell proliferative retinopathy usually presents first in the peripheral retina and the ability to extend and enhance our visualization of the peripheral retina would allow for superior clinical decision-making. In our practice, we had a 28-year-old patient diagnosed with major sickle cell disease of the homozygous type SS (HbSS) that presented with sickle cell proliferative retinopathy detected by ultra-widefield imaging in the nasal side of the left fundus. At follow-up, neovascularization was detected in the extreme nasal periphery of the left eye by ultra-widefield imaging fluorescein angiography with right gaze. The case was graded as Goldberg stage 3, and the patient was administered photocoagulation treatment. With further advancements in the quality and modality of peripheral retinal imaging, novel proliferative lesions can be detected and appropriately managed much earlier than was previously possible. Ultra-widefield imaging allows for the visualization of the central 200 degrees of the retina but, with gaze view, peripheral retina beyond 200 degrees can be reached.
The Role of Intermittent Fasting and Dieting on Cognition in Adult Population: A Systematic Review of the Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Senderovich Helen , Farahneh Othman , Waicus Sarah
Published: June 2023

Objective: A healthy diet is a modifiable risk factor that may impact cognition. A unique type of diet may include intermittent fasting (IF), an eating pattern in which individuals go extended periods with little or no meal intake, intervening with periods of normal food intake. IF has multiple health benefits including maintenance of blood glucose levels, reduction of insulin levels, depletion or reduction of glycogen stores, mobilization of fatty acids, and generation of ketones. IF has shown neuroprotective effects as it may lead to increased neurogenesis in the hippocampus, which may contribute to cognitive resilience. Diets including IF were examined as lifestyle modifications in the prevention and management of cognitive decline. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which assessed the effect of dieting on cognitive functions in adults. Results: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), low-glycemic diets, and caloric restriction have shown improvement in cognitive function; however, there was a negative impact on problem-solving in those with comorbid cardiovascular disease. There is also contradictory evidence that caloric restriction and diet alone may not be sufficient for the improvement of cognitive functions and that exercise may have better efficacy on cognition. Conclusion: IF is considered a safe intervention, and no adverse effects were found in the reviewed studies; however, evidence is limited as there were only 9 low-quality RCTs that assessed the impact of IF on cognition. DASH, low-glycemic diets, and exercise may have effective roles in the management and prevention of cognitive decline, although further research is needed.