bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Angiomyofibroblastoma of the Vulva
Authors: Shilpa G. , Sharma Shivani , Parthiban S. R. Raja , Khan Uzma
Published: August 2022

Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMF) is a rare benign soft-tissue tumor that most frequently affects the lower genital tract of young to middle-aged women. It mainly consists of two components: stromal cells and prominent vasculature. Clinically, it is usually asymptomatic and resembles Bartholin's cyst. Although it is a benign tumor, cases with recurrence and sarcomatous transformation have been reported. Due to the overlapping of histopathological picture, diagnostic perplexity often arises between AMF and aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM). AMF being benign in nature is treated by local excision, whereas AAM is a more infiltrative lesion that has a higher tendency for local recurrence.
Abstract 22
Authors: Aswathisasidharan  , John Toniya , Philip Rajeev , David Don
Published: August 2022

Background and Objectives: While both Graves and thyroiditis leads to thyrotoxicosis, differentiating them is a priority as treatment is grossly different. Nuclear scan or TSH receptor antibody is the confirmatory test for the same. Available studies suggest serum CRP, eosinophil/monocyte, free T3/free T4 ratio values prove doubtful in differentiating between two types of thyrotoxicosis. The study aims to find out whether serum ferritin levels could differentiate thyroiditis from Graves.

Materials and Methods: Thyrotoxic patients who attended the Medicine OPD of PIMS were included in the study. Data was collected from 42 thyrotoxic patients who attended the OPD which gave the study a confidence level of 99% and confidence interval of 5%, assuming 60% prevalence of thyrotoxicosis. Non random sampling was done. Considering inclusion and exclusion criteria required sample was recruited. Inclusion criteria included all patients with a diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis attending OPD. Exclusion criteria were patients with anemia, renal failure, receiving blood transfusions, chronic liver disease Connective tissue disorders, Chronic infection, Inflammatory states, Toxic adenoma /Toxic MNG (based on uptake scan). After obtaining written informed consent from patient, required details and investigations were recorded. Patient’s FT3, FT4, TSH, TC, DC, ESR, Ferritin, Albumin were recorded. Uptake scan was done to diagnose Graves’ disease, thyroiditis. Mann-Whitney U test was used to find the difference between median ferritin levels of graves and thyroiditis. Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values along with ROC curve was drawn using ferritin values considering nuclear uptake scan as the gold standard.

Results: Out of the 34 patients studied, 21 patients havesubacute thyroiditis, 10 had Graves, and 3 had toxic MNG. Ferritin levels were significantly high in the SAT group (412.3+/- 42.3 mcg/l) as compared to the Graves group (175.3+/- 42.3 mcg/L) and toxic MNG group (225.7+/- 63.1.mcg/L). A high ferritin level had a sensitivity of 85.1%, specificity of 80.00%, positive predictive value of 90% and negative predictive value of 71.2% in differentiating SAT from Graves’ disease

Conclusions: Serum ferritin levels is emerging as a useful laboratory investigation in differentiating thyroiditis from Graves’ disease. This simple lab test may replace the more expensive and laborious Technetium scan in differentiating thyroiditis from Graves’ disease.
Subclinical Kwashiorkor in Adults
Authors: Kapoor Nitin , Bhattacharya Saptarshi , Agarwal Navneet , Das Sambit , Bantwal Ganapathi , Deshmukh Vaishali , Kalra Sanjay
Published: August 2022

Childhood protein-energy undernutrition (PEU) is a well-recognized problem and therefore a lot of work has been done to identify and manage paediatric PEU. Though there have been several reports of low protein consumption in adults from developing countries, PEU and its subtle forms (subclinical PEU) are not yet recognized as adult disorders. Physicians and public perception do not favour easy recognition and action. In this review, the authors provide a scoping review of the existing literature on this entity providing insights into its recognition, pathogenesis and management. Adult subclinical PEU is an enormous under-recognized challenge that can have detrimental consequences if not recognized and corrected in time. PEU has grave health and economic impact on the patient and society. Therefore, it is important to recognize subclinical PEU and prevent its progression to full-blown form.
Keratoplasty rejection after messenger RNA vaccine (BNT162b2) for COVID-19
Authors: Eduarda Andrade e Andrade Maria , Rodrigues Juliane Cardoso , Junior Elvio Ferreira , de Lima Mario Henrique Camargos
Published: August 2022

This report shows a case of corneal transplant rejection after vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), short after receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine, in a patient who had undergone keratoplasty more than 20 years ago, with no previous episodes of rejection and no other factor that could lead to the findings on his examinations. After treatment with high doses of topic, oral, and sub-conjunctival corticoids, the patient had a favorable therapeutic response. The signs of corneal transplant rejection must be oriented to the patients and the causing factors actively searched by ophthalmologists so that treatment is rapidly initiated and sequels are avoided. This report raises the question if these events are correlated and whether the patient should receive the second dose of the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 or not.
Hocus pocus: Breaking the curse of presbyopia
Authors: Israni Neeraj , Kochar Shruti
Published: August 2022

Background:

Research and awareness on refractive solutions for presbyopia, commonly known as the “Curse of the 40’s,” is essential as a large population in the world suffer from vision impairments. Population-based surveys have shown that one billion people in the world are in presbyopic age.

Purpose:

Many structural and physiological changes occur in the eye with the onset of presbyopia, including the decrease in amplitude of accommodation. At present, various static and dynamic techniques have been attempted to give presbyopes good vision at near-, intermediate-, and far-viewing distances. The aim of the video is to familiarize the modern-day ophthalmologists to these modalities.

Synopsis:

In this video, we tried to summarize the indications and contraindications of presbyopic laser. Preoperative investigations like dominance testing and micro monovision testing are described. The role of neuroadaptation and patient counselling is emphasized. Static techniques described in the video include spectacles, contact lenses, surgical options like corneal inlays and onlays, corneal laser ablation, conductive keratoplasty, corneal implant lenses, INTRACOR and IOLs. Dynamic presbyopia correction (accommodative) is always surgical. This is split into lenticular (accommodating IOLs, piggyback, lens refilling, lentotomy) and scleral treatment (laser-assisted presbyopia reversal and scleral expansion bands).

Highlights:

The types of corneal laser ablation, which is otherwise very confusing, is elaborated in a step-wise manner here. The difference in approach of PresbyLasik (Nidek), Presbyond (Zeiss) - Laser Blended Vision, PresbyMax (Schwind), INTRACOR (Technolas) are explained with examples. Each approach has its pros and cons. Our challenge as a surgeon is to identify the best combination for the patient. This video illustrates the treatment options which can help break the curse of presbyopia.

Online Video Link:

https://youtu.be/rTxMIqMrgaw
Myopia, its prevalence, current therapeutic strategy and recent developments: A Review
Authors: Singh Harjeet , Singh Harmanpreet , Latief Uzma , Tung Gurleen Kaur , Shahtaghi Navid Reza , Sahajpal Nikhil Shri , Kaur Inderjit , Jain Subheet Kumar
Published: August 2022

Myopia is a widespread and complex refractive error in which a person’s ability to see distant objects clearly is impaired. Its prevalence rate is increasing worldwide, and as per WHO, it is projected to increase from 22% in 2000 to 52% by 2050. It is more prevalent in developed, industrial areas and affects individuals of all ages. There are a number of treatments available for the control of myopia, such as glasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, and pharmaceuticals agents. However, these treatments are less beneficial and have significant side effects. A novel molecule, 7-methylxanthine (7-MX), has been found to be a highly beneficial alternate in the treatment of myopia and excessive eye elongation. Many preclinical and clinical studies showed that 7-MX is effective for the treatment of myopia and is presently under phase II of clinical investigation. We have also investigated preclinical toxicity studies such as acute, sub-acute, sub-chronic, and chronic on rats. In these studies, 7-MX was found to be non-toxic as compared to other reported anti-myopic agents. Moreover, as an ideal drug, 7-MX is observed to have no or low toxicity, brain permeability, non-allergic, higher oral administration efficacy, and low treatment costs and thus qualifies for the long-term treatment of myopia. This review article on 7-MX as an alternative to myopia treatment will highlight recent findings from well-designed preclinical and clinical trials and propose a potential future therapy.
Pragmatic adjunctive usage of netarsudil: A retrospective chart review from a tertiary care center
Authors: Goergen Nate S , Gagrani Meghal , Gulati Vikas , Ghate Deepta
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

This retrospective chart review of netarsudil (Rhopressa) characterizes intra-ocular pressure (IOP) reduction, drug tolerance, drug cost, and compliance in a tertiary university Midwest clinic in a variety of glaucoma diagnoses on patients prescribed netarsudil 01/2017 to 5/2020.

Methods:

Patient demographics, primary diagnosis, indication for medication, prescription date, prescription fill status, duration of use, discontinuation reason, and number of IOP-lowering medications were noted. Confounding medication changes were excluded from IOP analysis. The IOP difference between the first visit after starting netarsudil and the baseline (mean before starting netarsudil on the stable medication regimen) was calculated.

Results:

A total of 133 patients were prescribed netarsudil (age 69 ± 20 years, 59% females, 79% white, 86% primary glaucoma) as adjunct glaucoma medication (mean medications 3.2 ± 0.9). Indications were lowering IOP (mean baseline IOP 20.0 ± 6 mmHg) and drug regimen simplification. Prescription was not filled by 22/133 subjects because of the cost (68%) and the need for surgery (23%). No demographic factors were associated with prescription fill status. A total of 101 eyes of 76 patients were used for IOP analysis. The mean change in IOP was –0.8 ± 6.4 mmHg, (IOP decrease in 67%, increase or no change in 33% eyes). Netarsudil was discontinued in 52% (50/96) patients; the reasons include surgery for IOP control (42%), allergies (30%), cost (14%), and paradoxical rise in IOP (12%).

Conclusion:

Netarsudil was used as adjunct third or fourth line medication at a glaucoma practice in Midwestern USA. 17% of prescriptions went unfilled; netarsudil was discontinued in 52% of patients. IOP response was variable in this population with severe complex glaucoma.
Comparison of optical biometry and conventional acoustic biometry in the axial length measurement in silicone oil-filled eyes
Authors: Rajurkar Ketaki , DaCruz Russell , Thakar Meenakshi
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To compare the axial length (AL) obtained by A-scan biometry (PAC SCAN 300AP; Sonomed Escalon, USA) and LENSTAR-LS 900 (Haag-Streit, Koeniz, Switzerland) in silicone oil (SiO)-filled eyes.

Methods:

AL measurements were taken in 50 SiO-filled eyes using A-scan and LENSTAR-LS 900 before SiO removal and 1 month following SiO removal. In the subset of patients requiring intraocular lens (IOL) insertion, the predicted refraction and the refraction obtained were compared. IOL power in these patients was calculated using SRK-T formula and the AL obtained by LENSTAR.

Results:

In SiO-filled eyes, a significant difference was noted between the AL values obtained using the two methods (P = 0.0002). No significant difference was noted after SiO removal (P = 0.634). In the subset of patients needing IOL insertion, no significant difference (P = 0.07) was seen between target refractive error and postoperative refractive error (mean deviation from the target being 0.176 diopter). AL of an SiO-filled eye is more accurately measured using optical low coherence reflectometry (OLCR)-based biometry (LENSTAR) than with conventional acoustic biometry (A-scan).

Conclusion:

We conclude that LENSTAR gives more accurate biometry in an SiO-filled eye. The AL obtained after SiO removal was comparable and showed no significant difference.
The effectiveness of laser vitreolysis for vitreous floaters in posterior vitreous detachment
Authors: Goh Wan Ni , Mustapha Mushawiahti , Zakaria Syed Z S , Bastion Mae-Lynn C
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To determine the effectiveness of laser vitreolysis in terms of contrast sensitivity function (CSF) and vision-related quality of life (VRQol) for symptomatic floaters due to posterior vitreous detachment (PVD).

Materials:

This is an interventional study that involved 57 eyes of 45 patients with symptomatic floaters for more than 3 months. Patients underwent one to three sessions of vitreolysis via Neodymiun-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. We examined the CSF using the computer programs Freiburg Acuity and Contrast Test (FrACT) and VRQoL survey using the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25) before, and 1 month after, vitreolysis.

Results:

Twelve patients had both eyes lasered and 33 patients had one eye lasered. The mean CSF improved from 3.20 ± 0.85%W to 2.64 ± 0.63%W 1 month after vitreolysis. Each use of the laser showed a significant mean difference in CSF (%W) as analyzed by paired t-test before and after the first laser (0.29 ± 0.49%W [P ≤ 0.001]); after the first and second laser (0.35 ± 0.53%W [P = 0.01]); and after second and third laser (0.21 ± 0.31%W [P = 0.02]). There was improvement in the median of four subscales in NEI VFQ-25 scores post treatment: general vision (z = −3.30, P = 0.001), near activity (z = 3.396, P = 0.001, distance activity (z = −2.788, P = 0.005), and mental health (z = −2.219, P = 0.026). The mean scores increased to 79.55 ± 9.45 from the baseline 75.06 ± 9.69 (P ≤ 0.001). No adverse events were recorded 1 month after the laser treatments.

Conclusion:

Vitreolysis by Nd:YAG laser improved the CFS and VRQoL in symptomatic PVD patients.
Choroidal vascularity index changes with phacovitrectomy for vitreoretinal interface disorders
Authors: Ercan Zeynep Eylul , Gokgoz Gulsah , Yilmaz Gursel
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

Vitreomacular interface disorders have long been argued to change choroidal structure. The aim of this study was to determine the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) changes following internal limiting membrane peeling for epiretinal membrane (ERM) and full thickness macular hole (FTMH).

Methods:

Fifty-nine patients with unilateral ERM and 56 with unilateral FTMH were included in the study. Axial length, pre- and post-surgery intraocular pressure, baseline and post-phacovitrectomy CVI were calculated and compared with the normal fellow eyes. To compare the baseline and the final measurements, Wilcoxon test was used. Mann–Whitney U test was used for independent data comparisons. Median and standard deviations were compared.

Results:

Axial length, pre- and post-surgery intraocular pressure differences were insignificant between study and fellow eyes within all groups. CVI were significantly lower in post-vitrectomy study eyes of all groups compared with pre-surgery (P < 0.001). There were no significant changes before and after the surgeries in fellow eyes. Baseline CVI of ERM study eyes (median 65.90%) and FTHM study eyes (median 65.59%) did not differ significantly between groups (U = 1336, P = 0.07, r = 0.16).

Conclusion:

There are conflicting results of vitreoretinal interface disorders CVI in the literature. In this study, both FTMH and ERM eyes showed reduced CVI postoperatively compared with the baseline. Preoperatively, there were no difference between study eyes and the fellow eyes.
Determination of exophthalmometry values in the North Indian population
Authors: Revankar Shruti , Mehta Anuj
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To determine exophthalmometry values (EV) in the north Indian population and to find its correlation with the age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), locality, and base value of the population.

Methods:

A total of 1000 eligible participants with 504 females and 496 males with age >5 years were included in this observational cross-sectional study. Age, gender, and locality of the subjects were noted. Hertel’s exophthalmometry was performed on all subjects. The exophthalmometry values and base values were recorded. Height and weight were measured for all participants. BMI was calculated using the parameters.

Results:

The overall mean exophthalmometry value (mm) was 14.94 ± 2.43 mm with a range between 8 and 22 mm. There was no significant difference in EV between the two eyes. Males recorded a significantly higher mean EV of 15.4 ± 2.51 mm as compared to females with a value of 14.49 ± 2.27 mm. Base value of Hertel’s exophthalmometer had a mean value 100.78 ± 5.63 mm and a range of 84–120 mm. Age, height, weight, BMI, and locality of the subjects were found to have a significant effect on the exophthalmometry as well as the base value of the population. A significant correlation was also seen between exophthalmometry values and base values of the population.

Conclusion:

Our study provided the normal exophthalmometric range for the north Indian population and also demonstrated the relationship of age, gender, height, weight, BMI, locality, and base value with the exophthalmometric values.
Study of anxiety in patients with glaucoma undergoing standard automated perimetry and optical coherence tomography - A prospective comparative study
Authors: Kaliaperumal Subashini , Janani V S , Menon Vikas , Sarkar Sandip , Behera Geeta , Kattamani Shivanand
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To compare the anxiety levels related to visual field testing and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with glaucoma.

Methods:

This prospective, comparative study was conducted on patients with glaucoma. The participants’ anxiety traits were assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI]. Before visual field testing on Humphrey visual field analyzer (HVF) and retinal nerve fiber analysis on OCT, the participants completed Form Y1 to measure the current pretest level or ‘State’ anxiety [pretest anxiety]. Immediately after testing, participants were administered the Form Y1 questionnaire to assess the induced anxiety level during the testing [Intratest anxiety].

Results:

A total of 228 patients were enrolled with 152 participants in the HVF group and 76 in the OCT group. The mean age of the participants in the HVF group was 57.2 ± 20.8 years and in the OCT group was 56.8 ± 20 years. There was no significant difference in trait and pretest anxiety between the HVF group and the OCT group (P = 0.971 and P = 0.716). Intratest test anxiety score was slightly higher in the HVF group (HVF: 42.13 ± 10.63, OCT: 40.71 ± 9.76; P = 0.33). The anxiety scores were higher when the experience of previous HVF tests was <2 and least when the number of tests exceeded five.

Conclusion:

Automated perimetry induces slightly more anxiety than OCT, which may affect test performance. The measured anxiety reduces as patients gain familiarity with the test with experience. This adds credence to the recommendation of more frequent visual field testing in newly diagnosed glaucoma patients.
Malignant Melanotic Nerve Sheath Tumors: A Review of Clinicopathologic and Molecular Characteristics
Authors: Hammad Rawan M.
Published: August 2022

Malignant melanotic nerve sheath tumor (MMNST) which was formerly known as melanocytic schwannoma, is an uncommon aggressive type of nerve sheath tumor. It originates from nerve roots with clonal Schwann cell proliferation and melanin pigment production. MMNST which was once thought to be a benign tumor is now considered a malignant disease based on the latest 2020 World Health Organization classification of soft tissue tumors. Interestingly, despite the histologic features appearing benign with a low proliferation index, the clinical course of this tumor is malignant, which was demonstrated in case series with high rate of recurrences and metastasis. This tumor can occur sporadically or in patients with an underlying familial predisposition syndrome called, Carney’s complex. Affected patients will often harbor a germline mutation in the PRKAR1A gene. MMNST can be histologically difficult to distinguish from malignant melanoma, other melanocytic tumors, and Schwannoma. Having a better understanding of its clinic pathologic characteristics and associated conditions is essential in properly diagnosing and managing affected individuals. This includes the possible need for genetic testing to detect germline mutations, genetic counseling, and surveillance according to published recommendations. In this article, we summarize the clinic pathologic and molecular features of MMNST and discuss what is known about its molecular biology and its associations with predisposing conditions. The review was conducted through an extensive PubMed search using keywords then relevant publications were selected.
Anastomosing Hemangioma of Ovary with Stromal Luteinization Masquerading as Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor on Intraoperative Consultation
Authors: Jha Shivani , Jain Pragya , Dixit Sonali , Sharma Sonal
Published: August 2022

Anastomosing hemangiomas (AHs) are benign vascular tumor with rare occurrence in the ovary and the majority being asymptomatic. We report one such case of AH with stromal luteinization. A 35-year-old female had complaints of abdominal pain and heavy menstrual bleeding for 2 years. Her lactate dehydrogenase was markedly raised. Following the clinical suspicion of germ cell tumor, exploratory laparotomy and right salpingo-oophorectomy were done. On frozen section due to extensive stromal luteinization, diagnosis of sex cord-stromal tumor was suggested. However, the case was finally diagnosed with AH with extensive stromal luteinization. This case highlighted the potential mimics of AH due to coexistent raised biomarkers and secondary changes, thereby posing a diagnostic dilemma on intraoperative consultation.
Evaluating the Impact of Ionization Chamber-Specific Beam Quality Correction Factor in Dosimetry of Filtered and Unfiltered Photon Beams
Authors: Sharma Richa , Sharma Sunil Dutt , Agarwal Priyanka , Avasthi Devesh Kumar , Verma Rohit
Published: August 2022

Aim:

The response of ionization chamber changes when used at beam quality Q which is different from beam quality Qo (usually 60Co) that was used at the time of its calibration. Hence, one needs to apply beam quality correction factor (kQ, Qo) during dosimetric measurements. However, kQ, Qo data are unavailable for novel ion chambers in the literature. Moreover, most of such data do not differentiate between filtered (flat) and unfiltered (unflat) beams. In addition, literature-based data do not differentiate among different pieces of the ion chambers of the same make and model. Hence, the purpose of our study was to determine the ion chamber-specific experimental values of kQ, Qo and to evaluate their impact in dosimetry.

Materials and Methods:

In this work, the value of kQ, Qo were measured for six ionization chambers of three different types in 6, 10, and 15 MV filtered (with flattening filter [WFF]) as well as 6 and 10 MV unfiltered (flattening filter free [FFF]) photon beams. The measured values of kQ, Qo were compared with Monte Carlo-calculated values available in the literature. The uncertainties in measurement of kQ, Qo values were also evaluated.

Results:

For 6 MV FFF beam, the measured value of kQ, Qo was found to be consistently lower than 6 MV WFF beam for all Sun Nuclear Corporation ion chambers, while it was higher as per the theoretical data. The inter-chamber variation in kQ, Qo values was observed for the same model of the ion chambers. The maximum difference between absolute dose values on using the theoretical and experimental kQ, Qo values was up to 3.23%.

Conclusion:

The measured absolute dose values by the ion chamber of a given make and model were found different due to the use of its theoretical and experimental kQ, Qo values. Furthermore, the variation in response of different pieces of ion chambers of the same make and model cannot be accounted for theoretically, and hence, the use of theoretical kQ, Qo data may introduce an inherent error in the estimation of absorbed dose to water. This necessitates the use of measured value of kQ, Qo for each ionization chamber.
Role of Interleukin-10 (1082G/A) and Splicing Factor 3B Subunit 1 (2098A/G) Gene Polymorphisms in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Gamaleldin Marwa Ahmed , Moussa Mayada Aly , Eldin Imbaby Salma Alaa
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE:

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene polymorphisms might play a part in the development of some malignant tumors. It has been linked with high bcl-2 expression in some B-lymphocyte malignancies. Its relationship with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) development is still under investigation. Other studies have linked Splicing Factor 3B Subunit 1 (SF3B1) mutations to a poorer prognosis of CLL. From this context, we have great interest to investigate the effect of both IL-10 (1082G/A) and SF3B1 (2098A/G) gene polymorphisms on CLL in this study.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed for IL-10 (1082G/A) and SF3B1 (2098A/G) gene polymorphisms by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 80 newly diagnosed CLL patients and 80 controls.

RESULTS:

Our results showed that the IL-10 (G/A) genotype, IL-10 (A/A) genotype and IL-10 A allele and SF3B1 (A/G) genotype and SF3B1 G allele were increased significantly in the patients group compared with the control group.

CONCLUSION:

IL-10 gene polymorphisms (1082 G/A and A/A) and A alleles might be associated with increased risk of CLL development compared with G/G genotypes and G alleles and are a probable risk factor for the disease. Also, our study demonstrated that SF3B1 (2098A/G) polymorphisms and G allele are related to and might be a causative factor for CLL.
Central retinal vein occlusion and occlusive vasculopathy at macula in a patient with recent COVID-19 infection
Authors: Kılıçarslan Oğuzhan , Çebi Aslıhan Yılmaz , Uçar Didar
Published: August 2022

We described a post-COVID-19 patient who presented with central retinal vein occlusion and macular ischemia. A 50-year-old male presented with decreased vision for a month in his right eye (RE). The patient had no systemic risk factors for vascular disease but recent COVID-19 infection. Fundus examination revealed dense intraretinal dot hemorrhages especially at macula and ischemia-related retinal whitening in the posterior pole in RE. Expanding of foveal avascular zone was also detected in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) sections. After systemic steroid therapy, subretinal fluid resolved but visual acuity did not increase. Depending on the fundus fluorescein angiography and OCTA findings, clinical picture was compatible with previous central retinal vein occlusion with superimposed occlusive vasculopathy at macula. COVID-19 patients with visual problems must be considered with care in regard to thrombotic retinal diseases.
Covid-19 Diagnosis by Gray-level Cooccurrence Matrix and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Xiaoyan , Brown Mackenzie , Hu Zuojin , Cheong Hei-Ran
Published: August 2022

Currently, improving the identification of COVID-19 with the help of computer vision and artificial intelligence has received great attention from researchers. This paper proposes a novel method for automatic detection of COVID-19 based on chest CT to help radiologists improve the speed and reliability of tests for diagnosing COVID-19. Our algorithm is a hybrid approach based on the Gray-level Cooccurrence Matrix and Genetic Algorithm. The Gray-level Cooccurrence Matrix (GLCM) was used to extract CT scan image features, GA algorithm was used as an optimizer, and a feedforward neural network was used as a classifier. Finally, we use 296 chest CT scan images to evaluate the detection performance of our proposed method. To more accurately evaluate the accuracy of the algorithm, 10-run 10-fold cross-validation was introduced. Experimental results show that our proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of Sensitivity, Accuracy, F1, MCC, and FMI.
Informantes indígenas do regime. Costume e saúde alimentar nas Relaciones Geográficas e na História de Sahagún
Authors: Varella Alexandre
Published: August 2022

Em tempos de crise social e mortandade dos indígenas no Centro do México foram produzidos informes com base em depoimentos de velhos e sábios, líderes e oficiais dos pueblos de indios. Há relatos com apreciações sobre os alimentos e a saúde corporal, antes e depois da Conquista, que parecem indicar compreensões e intenções locais, vistos em contraste com histórias de espanhóis que salientavam, de acordo com os princípios e regras dietéticos, o motivo da barbárie no modo de vida e alimentação dos naturais. Na observação de discursos híbridos e imbricados destaco a força de costumes e pensamentos nativos nas impressões sobre iguarias ancestrais como alguns insetos e outros bichos. Também observo motivos como a quebra de símbolos pré-hispânicos de distinção social na comida e bebida. Havia presenças da cultura ancestral apesar de um contexto de fortes alterações nos padrões e tipos de consumo no início da época moderna.Palavras-chave: Informantes indígenas; comida saudável; costumes bárbaros
De uma margem à outra: rios, mapas e fronteiras na bacia platina (séculos XVI-XVIII)
Authors: Bonato Tiago
Published: August 2022

O amplo território percorrido pelos rios platinos e seus tributários configurava, nos séculos XVI e XVII, um imenso triângulo entre as vilas de São Vicente, no litoral sudeste da América portuguesa; Buenos Aires, na foz do estuário; e Assunção, no interior do continente, às margens do rio Paraguai. Desde os primeiros mapas e relatos quinhentistas, esse espaço foi predominantemente descrito e mapeado  como um emaranhado de rios, um espaço que variou de península à mesopotâmia de terras quase ausentes, figurando no mais das vezes como via de acesso – desconhecida, misteriosa e por vezes mítica – ao interior do continente. Durante grande parte do período colonial, a região foi também fronteira mais ou menos indefinida dos impérios ibéricos na América. A partir das discussões recentes da historiografia da cartografia, da análise concomitante de mapas espanhóis e portugueses e, em outra escala de observação, da documentação escrita produzida no período, o objetivo do artigo é entender a dinâmica das fronteiras naquele território. A hipótese levantada é de que a utilização dos rios, percorridos como caminho pelos diversos atores sociais, ou cartografados nos mapas imperiais, parece ser uma das chaves para o entendimento das fronteiras que, nesse caso, são de diferentes naturezas: fronteiras entre os impérios ibéricos bem como fronteiras entre o mundo europeu e indígena e entre o conhecido e o desconhecido. Palavras chave: história da cartografia; fronteira; Impérios ibéricas na América.
Entre imagens, celebrações e autoflagelos: aspectos das práticas religiosas coletivas nas missões Jesuíticas da Provincia Paraguaia
Authors: Ahlert Jacqueline
Published: August 2022

Este artigo versa sobre três aspectos das práticas religiosas coletivas perpetradas nas doutrinas jesuíticas da Província Paraguaia entre os séculos XVII e XVIII: a celebração, o culto às imagens e a prática de autoflagelo. A investigação está ancorada, sobretudo, na documentação primária constituída por cartas ânuas e relatórios de administradores. As liturgias do calendário católico, como rituais formais e elaborados, sofreram inúmeras alterações desde as fórmulas predicadas pelos loyolistas até se metamorfosearem em práticas significantes para os indígenas missioneiros. Assim, frações da acomodação de dogmas tais como redenção, sofrimento e do post mortem se desvelaram na ritualística das práticas coletivas e das festividades, nas quais as imagens, a música e a cenografia tiveram função preponderante, além de ações expiatórias como o autoflagelo.  Palavras-chave: Doutrinas Jesuíticas da Província Paraguaia, celebrações, imagens, autoflagelo
A recriação da colônia em Zama: identidades, gênero e representações do espaço
Authors: Spyer Dulci Tereza Maria , Castañeda López Libia Alejandra
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo versa sobre o mundo colonial retratado em Zama – tanto no romance de Antonio Di Benedetto (1956) quanto na adaptação cinematográfica homônima de Lucrecia Martel (2017). Livro e filme estão ambientados na última década do século XVIII, na cidade de Assunção e na região do Chaco. Procuramos pensar as aproximações entre literatura, cinema e história a partir de uma postura teórico-metodológica que problematiza o papel dos anacronismos. Buscamos também refletir sobre o mundo colonial heterocrônico de Zama (romance e filme). Estudamos igualmente a ambiguidade identitária que vive o protagonista nas duas obras. Por último, analisamos alguns aspectos do sistema teleológico colonial presentes em Zama, tais como as relações de gênero e as representações do espaço.Palavras-chave: América Colonial; identidades; gênero; representações do espaço.
POSTHUMNO ZAČEĆE U EVROPSKIM PRAVIMA I NOVOM SRPSKOM ZAKONODAVSTVU
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Živojinović Dragica
Published: August 2022

The possibility of preserving reproductive material (reproductive cells, tissues and early embryos) and their later use in human assisted procreation for empregnating and child birth purposes, pushes the limits of human fertility capabilities and makes the child conception possible beyond the period of his parent's life. Given the fact that posthumous conception has brought medical revolution in the field of human reproductive potentials, in this paper the author focuses her interest on reviewing European and national laws which regulate this matter in the context whether it should be allowed or not. Having described the concept and meaning of posthumous conception and why it is the subject of numerous debates, the author further explains that only a few European legisaltions are favourably inclined towards this scientific possibility, while the majority actually either forbits, or ignores it. Analyzing the provisions of the new Law on biomedical assisted fertilization which regulate the subject of posthumous conception, the author concludes that our legislation follows the European trend forbidding this form of assisted fertilization. In the final part of the paper, the author presents the arguments for and against posthumous conception concluding that prevail those which cannot support its justification.
ODNOS IZMEĐU NEPOŠTENE TRŽIŠNE UTAKMICE I NEPOŠTENE POSLOVNE PRAKSE
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Mihajlović Borko
Published: August 2022

The issue of mutual relationship between unfair competition and unfair commercial practice has not been solved yet in the legal theory. The subject of this paper is determination of relationship between these two institutions, through the analysis of their elements, forms of appearance, application, etc. The author in the paper, primarily, analyzes the notion and origins of unfair competition and unfair commercial practice, aiming to determine the place and importance of these institutions in contemporary legal system. Afterwards he deals with the mechanisms of application of unfair competition and unfair commercial practice, with special emphasis to the cases in which one and the same act of the trader breaches the rules of both institutions.
Analisis Fundamental terhadap Saham Syariah dalam Memutuskan Berinvestasi di Saham yang Listing di Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia
Authors: Arfa Arfa , Efriadi Budi
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this article is to find out the fundamental analysis of the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index by observing and observing stock price movements. This type of quantitative research uses secondary data, financial statement analysis is taken through the official website www.idx.co.id. Data analysis using the Simple Moving Average and Relative Strength Index methods, with the approach of Price Earning Ratio (PER) and Price Book Value (PBV). The data is used in 2016-2019 as the object of research on Xl Axiata shares and Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur shares. The results of Indonesia's macroeconomic fundamental analysis provide a positive signal for investing in the 2016-2019 period in the Indonesian capital market. Analysis of financial ratios, XL shares have a negative signal for investment, XL shares intrinsic value is smaller than the market price so that it is said to be overvalued shares based on the PBV method. While ICBP shares provide a positive picture for investment based on the intrinsic value of ICBP shares which is also higher than the market price, it is said to be undervalued shares worth buying based on the PER method, ICBP shares have fairly good financial ratios seen from effective and efficient liquidity, solvency and profitability ratios.
Embracing mobile financial inclusion in the wake of Covid-19 pandemic: The mediating role of cognitive and affective-based trust embeddedness
Authors: Ampaw Enock Mintah , Nte-Adik Nborlen Mark , Azaare Jacob , Adu-Sackey Albert , Essah Bernard Obo , Amuzu Godwin
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study is to examine the role of social capital in the formation of mobile financialservice users’ adoptive behaviours toward service providers in the context of the financialtechnological regime of Ghana. The study used a total of 417 sample data from a self-administeredquestionnaire to achieve its objectives. Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze thedirect effects of social capital and the mediation role of cognitive-based trust and affective-based truston mobile financial service. The results of the study demonstrate that social capital, cognitive-basedand affective-based trust collaboratively impact on the adoptive lifestyle of mobile financial serviceusers. Specifically, both cognitive-based and affective-based trust mediate between social capital andmobile financial inclusion to inform users’ behavioral intentions. The results however, reveals thataffective-based trust plays a significant role in shaping mobile financial service users’ behavioralintentions than cognitive-based trust. In detail, the study indicates that social capital directly impactson the adoptive behavior of mobile financial service users. It is therefore, recommended that in thepresent era of Covid-19 pandemic and its attendant social distancing protocols, mobile financialservice providers should invest heavily in social media channels to develop their corporate socialcapital brand in order to deepen their bondage with users. The study makes a vital contribution to theevolving debate on mobile financial inclusion, information system and consumer psychology fromAfrican perspective. The study acknowledges the contributions of prior studies to the afore-mentionedstrands of discipline and the chasm in literature. Specifically, this study is the first of its kind toempirically examine the influential functions of social capital, cognitive-based trust and affective-basedtrust on mobile financial inclusion from the len of the Ghanaian financial technological landscape.The study will equip industry players with the needed know-how to enhance their profitability andoperational competitiveness.
Implementation of a New Routing Protocol within the Wireless Sensor Networks with the Target of Minimizing Energy Consumption (using a combination of fuzzy algorithm and harmony search)
Authors:   Information Technology Management - IT Services Management - Azad University, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Iran, Kamfar Jafarsadegh
Published: August 2022

The Internet of things (IoT) has been following a fast-growing trend in recent years, and the wireless sensor networks account for the basis and, in fact, the regulatory framework of the internet of things regarding their functions. Considering the wide-range applications of these sensors, energy consumption will be one of the main challenges associated with this equipment in the future. The present study mainly deals with the issue of minimizing energy consumption in wireless sensor networks.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity and Molecular Docking of a Dinuclear Nickel(II) Complex
Authors:   Biotechnology Department, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan & Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan, Ebrahim Reem M. A.
Published: August 2022

Bis-(benzidinedioxime) nickel(II) acetate complex was synthesizedby reacting the metal ions with benzidinedioxime in 1:1 mole ratio.The nickel(II) complex was characterized by elemental analysis, NMR, and powder X-ray diffraction. The result obtained from CHN Elemental analysis and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance confirmed that the nickel(II) complex is synthesized by reacting benzidinedioxime with nickel(II) acetate in a 1:1 mole ratio. The powder XRD showed that two Ni(II) coordinated to two benzidinedioxime ligands via the nitrogen atoms of both oxime groups and the two azomethine nitrogen atoms. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) indicated that the nickel(II) complex has little distorted tetrahedral geometry. Nickel(II) complex has a higher antimicrobial activist against K. pneumonia, B. subtilis, and Candida than kanamycin. In addition, the B. subtilis shows resistance against kanamycin (inhibition zone 0) while it shows high sensitivity against bis-benzidinedioxime nickel(II) acetate complex (inhibition zone 33.3 ± 0.82 mm, MIC 18.5 µg/mL). The average MICs of bis-benzidinedioxime nickel(II) acetate are found to be for inhibition of each of the five organisms in the range of 6.2–55.65 µg/mL. The molecular docking studies investigations confirmed that the bis-benzidinedioxime nickel(II) acetate is the most potent aminoglycoside enzymes bacterial inhibitors. The bis-benzidinedioxime nickel(II) acetate exhibited high binding energy with the receptor aminoglycoside-3-phosphotransferase enzyme than receptors of other aminoglycoside enzymes families.
The Effect of Taxpayer Awareness And Fiscus Services on Taxpayer Compliance of Medan City of Medan In The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Universitas Battuta
Published: August 2022

MSMEs are aware of the importance of paying taxes to finance government spending and national development, so taxpayers do not feel disadvantaged by tax collection or do not feel that taxes are a burden that will reduce their income, so that it can encourage someone to participate in realizing their responsibilities as a responsible taxpayer. obey. The problem is the low awareness of MSME taxpayers, so that the level of community compliance in carrying out tax obligations is still low which has an impact on decreasing state revenues. The problem is the low quality of the tax service for MSE actors, so that the level of public compliance in carrying out tax obligations is still low which has an impact on decreasing state revenues. The purpose of this study is to analyze how much awareness of taxpayers towards MSME taxpayer compliance. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the tax service services to MSME taxpayer compliance. Method of analysis This research is descriptive quantitative research. This research uses data analysis with Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The results of the study showed that there was a significant effect of taxpayer awareness on MSME taxpayer compliance in the city of Medan during the Covid-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the tax service does not have a significant effect on the compliance of Medan City MSME taxpayers during the Covid-19 pandemic Method of analysis This research is descriptive quantitative research. This research uses data analysis with Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The results of the study showed that there was a significant effect of taxpayer awareness on MSME taxpayer compliance in the city of Medan during the Covid-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the tax service does not have a significant effect on the compliance of Medan City MSME taxpayers during the Covid-19 pandemic Method of analysis This research is descriptive quantitative research. This research uses data analysis with Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The results of the study showed that there was a significant effect of taxpayer awareness on MSME taxpayer compliance in the city of Medan during the Covid-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the tax service does not have a significant effect on the compliance of Medan City MSME taxpayers during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Less Contact Society Melalui Pemanfaatan Website Masjid Al-Ihsan Komplek Aru Indah Kota Padang
Authors: Kamal Ahmad , Astri Renita , Faradika Faradika
Published: August 2022

The process of implementing the financial management of the al Ihsan mosque is still done manually and there is still frequent physical contact between the mosque administrators and between the administrators and the congregation. All financial reporting is still recorded on the blackboard which is displayed on one of the inner walls of the mosque. Every community who wants to donate their funds must report and meet directly with the mosque management. Likewise, if the public wants to know the current state of the mosque's cash. So that there is still direct physical contact between people. For this reason, the Dharma Andalas University (UNIDHA) Information System lecturer team tries to help through the use of information technology in the form of a mosque website which functions to provide more complete information with a wider reach to the general public about the al-Ihsan mosque but still by carrying out and prioritizing the concept of Less. Contact Society in order to maintain the safety and health of the community in the al Ihsan mosque environment.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Guru Dalam Penggunaan Aplikasi Microsoft Office di Yayasan Taman Pendidikan Adz-Zikra
Authors: Rizalina Rizalina , Sawitri Elvira , Dewimarni Syelfia
Published: August 2022

Community service activities are used to improve the skills of YTP-DZIKRA teachers in utilizing Microsoft Office applications as an effort to improve skills and add insight for teachers in an effort to improve the quality of education. . The problems faced by teachers at the Taman Pendidikan Adz-Zikras Foundation today are related to skills in using Microsoft Office offline and the lack of knowledge of using Microsoft Office Online in supporting academic and non-academic activities. Stages of Improving Teacher Skills in Using Microsoft Office at the Taman Pendidikan Adz-Zikra Foundation. divided into 4 (four) stages, namely the preparation stage, the implementation stage, the program evaluation stage and the reporting stage. This service activity gave quite significant results which were marked by the teacher's habit of using and operating Microsoft office, especially Microsoft office word, Microsoft office excel, and Microsoft office powerpoint.