bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Language and Communication Challenges for Hearing Impairment at Early Childhood
Authors: Mr. Ajeet Kumar  , Dr. Deepak Kumar Tripathi
Published: December 2022

Early Childhood makes a positive contribution to children’s long term development and learning by facilitating an enabling and stimulating environment in these foundation stages of lifelong learning. Parents as caregivers are critical in providing a stimulating learning environment to the child and the first two and a half to three years need not be in a formal learning environment. The National Curriculum Framework acknowledges the significance of involvement of parents, family and community. India has a tradition of valuing the early years of a child’s life, and a rich heritage of cultural practices for stimulating development and inculcating “sanskaras” or basic values and social skills in children. In the past this was delivered primarily within joint families, through traditional child caring practices which were commonly shared and passed on from one generation to another. However, there have been changes in the family as well as social context in the last few decades. Families and communities represent vast geographic, social, cultural, linguistic, and economic diversity within the country. Children also differ in their physical, emotional, social, and cognitive capacities. Urban and rural communities offer different types of opportunities and face distinct challenges in providing good quality early care and learning experiences to children. Socio –economic status as well as social and cultural diversity characterize the nature of family life and the context for growing up in India. Language & Communication development is always in line with the growth of the child. Parents should always pay attention to these development, because at this time, largely determines the learning process. This can be done by giving a good example, to motivate children to learn. Parents are largely responsible for the success of children's learning and should always strive to improve the potential of children in order to develop optimally. This study seeks to describe the language and communication challenges are at the early childhood. Language and communication challenges are divided into different types. Start early period this early lingual child starts to say the word & communicated - first word which is the most amazing moment for parents. The challenges that affect languages & communication in Hearing impairment which is family relationship, peer relationships and personality.
Políticas públicas interjurisdiccionales
Authors: Pérez Antrakidis Pilar , Romero Laura Isabel
Published: December 2022

El presente artículo tiene como propósito presentar los avances de investigación de una beca enmarcada en el proyecto de investigación “Las políticas culturales multijurisdiccionales en la ciudad de Mar del Plata. Estudio comparativo de inversión y modelos de gestión del estado. Periodo 2007-2015”. El objetivo planteado fue analizar el marco normativo de las políticas públicas ejecutadas por el Municipio de General Pueyrredon (Argentina) para adquirir, recuperar y convertir en museo a la Casa sobre el Arroyo, durante el periodo 2007-2015. La Casa sobre el Arroyo es un bien patrimonial diseñado por el arq. Amancio Williams y la arqta. Delfina Gálvez Bunge, entre 1943 y 1945. El trabajo se desarrolló como un estudio de casos a partir del análisis documental correspondientes a normativas de jurisdicción nacional, provincial y municipal. Finalmente, podemos decir que durante el periodo de análisis se pudieron reconocer estrategias gubernamentales complementarias y diferentes sobre el mismo bien patrimonial.
La comunicación de las principales orquestas sinfónicas nacionales con la llegada del COVID-19
Authors: Oropesa Mateos Carlos
Published: December 2022

Se presentan los resultados de una investigación desarrollada desde el 14 de marzo hasta el 21 de junio de 2020 coincidiendo con el confinamiento y el proceso de desescalada del estado de alarma. Se analiza cómo ha sido la comunicación llevada a cabo por las principales orquestas sinfónicas nacionales pertenecientes a la Asociación Española de Orquestas Sinfónicas (AEOS) mediante el análisis de las redes sociales de Facebook, Instagram y Twitter. Los resultados indican la falta de perfiles de varias orquestas sinfónicas en las redes sociales de la investigación y la ausencia de una investigación previa por parte de los departamentos de comunicación para seleccionar donde conseguir llegar a más personas. A su vez, queda patente de manera generalizada la falta de dinamismo en los departamentos de comunicación compartiendo menos de una publicación diaria durante este periodo y un menor número de publicaciones respecto al mismo periodo de tiempo del año 2021. Por último, se demuestra la falta de proactividad en la mayoría de los departamentos de comunicación de las orquestas sinfónicas publicando una variedad reducida de temas donde sólo 9 de estas entidades han creado proyectos propios ante la falta de contenido.
Agenda 2030 y cultura
Authors: Piñero Larrasoaña Víctor
Published: December 2022

La Agenda 2030 para el desarrollo sostenible fue aprobada el 25 de septiembre de 2015 por 193 países. Desde entonces han sido muchas la personas e instituciones que han intentado encajar el término cultura en el contenido de la misma. Ninguno de los 17 objetivos de desarrollo sostenible en los que se concreta la Agenda hacen mención a la cultura de una manera expresa, así que los intentemos de introducir la cultura en ellos han sido numerosos, y podríamos decir que también infructuosos. El punto de partida para poder interpretar la Agenda 2030 desde el prisma cultural debe ser fijar, en primer lugar, que entendemos por cultura. En este artículo se propone un concepto de cultura de corte antropológico que puede servir para entender mejor la Agenda 2030 y ayudar a desplegar todo su potencial.
A perspectiva transformacional da competência em informação: uma análise de modelos teóricos
Authors: Santos Alessandra de Souza Santos , Gomes Maia Luiz Cláudio
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: O presente artigo propõe-se a apresentar um panorama sobre três modelos teóricos que abordam a competência em informação em sua perspectiva transformacional, enfatizando suas características e similaridades.
Método: Utiliza a revisão narrativa de literatura, enfatizando as características e similaridades dos três modelos teóricos. Foram analisados o conceito de competência em informação, assim como um breve histórico da evolução do conceito de competência em informação para embasar a análise dos três modelos selecionados, o modelo das Sete Faces (Seven Faces) da competência em informação, o modelo dos Seis Quadros (Six Frames) da competência em Informação e o modelo GeST.
Resultado: A visão transformacional da competência em informação é baseada em Foucault, cuja teoria aborda a relação entre conhecimento e poder, e nos quadros teóricos da Escola de Frankfurt, que consiste de uma visão crítica e busca transformar a realidade social por meio da mudança do status quo, principalmente para populações e sociedades vulnerabilizadas.
Conclusões: Os três modelos analisados possuem diferentes representações do fenômeno da competência em informação compreendido nas práticas informacionais em diferentes contextos, e fornecem uma visão não-hierárquica, mas de complexidade crescente no uso da informação.
Mediação da informação e reconhecimento intersubjetivo: aproximações teóricas
Authors: Castro Jetur Lima de , Almeida Junior Oswaldo Francisco de
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Analisa características teóricas da Mediação da Informação considerando a dimensão coletiva emancipatória pautada na ação comunicativa e no reconhecimento intersubjetivo, pois se entende que eles possibilitam práticas relacionais que percorrem para além da transferência do conhecimento nas atividades informacionais e apresentam, a partir da formação discursiva pretensões de validade, um sentido de ressignificação.
Método: De natureza qualitativa, a investigação alia a pesquisa teórica e bibliográfica, sob uma perspectiva interpretativa à autorreflexão e referência crítica, pautada na ação comunicativa de Habermas e na teoria do reconhecimento de Honneth. Além disso, apresenta-se a necessidade de estabelecer concepções teóricas no processo ensino-aprendizagem sobre o fenômeno da mediação da informação.
Resultado: Acredita-se que a Mediação da Informação nas atividades que envolvem a prática informacional ainda tem o seu viés na racionalidade instrumental e, por sua vez, é necessário o processo emancipatório e intersubjetivo de reconhecimento para desestruturar a dependência sistêmica.
Conclusões: Entendeu-se de forma interpretativa as características teóricas da Mediação da informação e o que concerne o diálogo sobre a dimensão intersubjetiva do reconhecimento, isto é, a receptividade que a envolve como um fenômeno coletivo emancipatório. Por isso, este estudo visa contribuir para as reflexões sobre os estudos sociais e culturais na CI, no âmbito da mediação da informação, trazendo à luz abordagens interpretativas de lacunas, valores teóricos e práticos ainda pouco estudados, conferindo um novo sentido às práticas informacionais.
O que se ensina nos estudos de género em Portugal: uma análise bibliométrica dos planos curriculares
Authors: De Camargo Santos Caynnã , Do Adro Lopes Mónica , Coimbra Vieira Cristina , Ferreira Virgínia
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Mapear e identificar padrões de referenciação bibliográfica nos programas das unidades curriculares dos cursos de Mestrado e Doutoramento em Estudos sobre as Mulheres, de Gênero e Feministas (EMGF) oferecidos por Universidades Públicas Portuguesas
Método: Análise bibliométrica das 448 referências indicadas nas 84 unidades curriculares que compõem os três cursos de doutoramento e quatro de mestrado, em EMGF, em funcionamento no ano letivo de 2021-22.  
Resultado: As referências mais comumente mobilizadas nos cursos analisados são livros publicados a partir da década de 1990, com preponderância da autoria individual. A produção bibliográfica nacional é prevalecente, embora se verifique um peso significativo de referências publicadas em outros países da Europa e América do Norte, sobretudo em países e por autores/as anglófonos/as. O perfil de referências é diverso, em termos de procedência disciplinar das autorias, embora essencialmente circunscrita às Ciências Sociais e Humanas. Similarmente, são diversificadas as temáticas abordadas, com particular destaque atribuído à problemática das Identidades e das Sexualidades, na qual o diálogo com as áreas das Ciências Naturais se faz mais presente.
Conclusões: O estudo permite delinear um perfil de oferta formativa em EMGF atualmente disponível em Portugal, eminentemente teórico, marcadamente pós-estruturalista, interdisciplinar, com notável abertura aos debates conduzidos em outros países, mas com parca representação de obras e autores/as dos países do Sul Global, refletindo o anglo-eurocentrismo das bibliografias atualmente recomendadas.
Ditos e não-ditos na natureza do crime: o silêncio na indexação de boletins de ocorrência nos crimes de feminicídio
Authors: Belam Denise Cristina , Sabbag Deise Maria Antonio , Terra Marcos Vinicius Santos de Carvalho , Nascimento Francisco Arrais
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Identificar as microestruturas utilizadas nos boletins de ocorrências gerados após mortes de mulheres para nomear as práticas criminosas, identificando assim possíveis inverossimilhanças, preconceitos e antipatias.
Método: Utilizou-se da organização conceitual por categorias e a análise do discurso com o pressuposto de que nomear para apreender é diferente de nomear para punir. Para tanto, utilizando-se dos recortes: geográfico (São Paulo - Brasil), temporal (janeiro - dezembro de 2020) eleito em função das condições socioambientais impostas pelo avanço do SARS-CoV-2 no ano de 2020, que pode ter impulsionado aumento significativo nos casos de feminicídio no Brasil, foi realizada uma leitura documental nos 167 boletins de ocorrências fornecidos pela Secretaria Estadual da Segurança Pública.
Resultado: Se pode observar o uso de termos diferenciados para os crimes cometidos contra mulheres mesmo as características dos mesmos apontarem para o crime de feminicídio. Dos 167 documentos analisados, dois não tinham feminicídio como desdobramento do crime. Em um, vítima e autor não possuíam qualquer tipo de relação, sendo classificado como homicídio simples. Homicídio simples é o ato de matar outra pessoa de forma dolosa, com a intenção de cometer o crime; crimes sem qualificadores podem aumentar os privilégios ou diminuir a pena. O outro documento estava com o campo de desdobramento em branco, não trazendo nenhuma informação.
Conclusões: Nomear para apreender é diferente de nomear para punir. A nomeação verossimilhante evita recorrentes subnotificações e apagamentos que prejudicam a busca e o acesso à informação. Sabendo disso, acredita-se na necessidade de nomear o feminicídio, representando-o de maneira precisa.
Comunismo e sindicalismo: o PCB e as disputas sindicais “na grande terra oprimida dos barés” (1944-1964)
Authors: Queirós César Augusto Bubolz
Published: December 2022

No ano em que se rememora o centenário do PCB, este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar a atuação do Partido Comunista no estado do Amazonas no período que compreende os anos entre 1944 e 1964 e, particularmente, a atuação dos comunistas do estado nas disputas sindicais e na organização da classe trabalhadora. Assim, analisaremos brevemente o processo de reorganização política do PCB no Amazonas no contexto da redemocratização e da legalidade para, logo após, analisar as disputas que ocorreram no meio sindical pelos postos de direção das principais associações operárias do estado, sobretudo a Casa do Trabalhador do Amazonas (CTA).
Da política de proletarização à ANL: o Partido Comunista do Brasil entre 1930 e 1935
Authors: Konrad Diorge Alceno , Vieira Ramos Konrad Glaucia
Published: December 2022

Tendo como recorte temporal o Brasil do Governo Provisório de 1930 à Insurreição Nacional Libertadora de 1935, este artigo procura situar a inserção dos comunistas no movimento operário e sindical e em movimentos mais amplos, assim como a participação proletária nos órgãos dirigentes partidários, a partir de documentação da III Internacional Comunista e dos arquivos da repressão brasileira, respectivamente pesquisados pelos autores nos acervos doArquivo Edgar Leuenroth (AEL) da UNICAMP e do Arquivo Público do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (APERJ), entre outras fontes, em diálogo com parte da historiografia.
Prediksi Zona Potensial Penangkapan Pelagis (Fishhing Ground) Menggunakan Citra Satelit Modis di Perairan Utara Pulau Morotai pada Musim Peralihan I dan Musim Timur
Authors: Alimudi Saiful , Nurlette Hartono
Published: December 2022

Penggunaan teknologi penginderaan jauh dalam bidang perikanan sangat bermanfaat bagi nelayan untuk memprediksi daerah potensial penangkapan ikan dengan menggunakan peta prediksi penangkapan. Umumnya nelayan tradisional banyak menggunakan pendugaan berdasarkan pengalaman melaut untuk mengetahui zona potensi penangkapan ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan kawasan potensial penangkapan ikan di perairan utara pulau Morotai menggunakan citra satelit Teraa Modis. Data yang digunakan adalah sebaran klorofil-a dan suhu permukaan laut pada musim timur dan peralihan 1. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis overlay antara suhu permukaan laut dan konsentrasi klorofil-a untuk menentukan prediksi daerah potensial penangkapan. Hasil yang diperoleh suhu permukaan laut mempunyai sebaran antara (29-31oC) dimana konsentrasi suhu pada bulan Agustus lebih tinggi. Klorofil-a berkisar antara (0,1-0,25 mg/m3) dengan konsentrasi tertinggi pada bulan Maret. Hasil analisis antara hubungan suhu permukaan laut dan klorofil-a melalui regresi linear sederhana, terihat pengaruh kuat anatara suhu permukaan laut dan klorofil-a terlihat dari koefisien korelasi (R) 0,73 dan koefisiesien determinasi (R2) 0,530. Hal ini menjelaskan bahwa suhu permukaan laut di kawasan pantai utara pulau Morotai berpengaruh terhadap klorofil-a sebesar 53% selebihnya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Hasil overlay menunjukan prediksi potensi zona penangkapan ikan (fishing ground) pada musim timur dan peralihan 1 lebih berfokus pada area utara pulau Morotai.
Masa Panen dan Produksi Tanaman Cengkeh Hutan (Syzygium obtusifolium L.) pada Elevasi Berbeda di Pulau Ambon, Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Kamsurya Marwan Y , Botanri Samin
Published: December 2022

Cengkeh hutan (Syzygium obtusifolium L.) merupakan jenis tanaman cengkeh liar dimana populasinya dalam habitat alam sudah sangat minim, karena cara panen yang menyimpang. Seperti halnya cengkeh aromatik, misalnya varietas Sanzibar, Sikotok, Siputih, dan Ambon, dimasa kini jenis tanaman ini mulai dibudidayakan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan dan menjelaskan hubungan antara elevasi dengan waktu panen dan produksi bunga segar dan kering. Penelitian dilakukan di pulau Ambon selama lima bulan sejak bulan Januari-Mei 2021. Peralatan yang dipakai antara lain altimeter dan data sheet.  Titik pengamatan ditetapkan dengan metode purposive sampling, meliputi : Halasi (6 m dpl), Tibang (11 m dpl), Oli (125 m dpl), Wanat (175 m dpl), dan Telaga Kodok (214 m dpl). Pada masing-masing lokasi dipilih 10 pohon sampel berumur 10-15 tahun. Variabel pengamatan, yaitu : 1). Elevasi (m dpl), 2). Masa panen, dan 3). Berat bunga panen segar dan kering (kg/pohon). Analisis data menggunakan software Minitab versi 14. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa pemanenan pada elevasi 6 dan 11 m dpl  berlangsung pada bulan Januari-Februari. Dengan makin bertambah elevasi sampai dengan 125 m dpl, pemanenan bergeser sampai pertengahan bulan Maret-April. Pada elevasi 175-214 m  dpl masa panennya berlangsung pada bulan April-Mei. Dengan bertambahnya elevasi, hasil panen bunga segar meningkat, sementara berat bunga kering cenderung berkurang. Bunga panen segar tertinggi dicapai pada elevasi 246,13 m dpl sebesar 54.86 kg/tan. Sementara hasil panen bunga kering maksimum diproyeksi dicapai pada elevasi 240.0 m dpl sebesar 20.55 kg/tanaman.
Intravitreal methotrexate infusion for prophylaxis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy after pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Authors: Fouad Aziz Joseph Hany , Abd Al-Hakim Zaki Mohamed , Abd El-Fattah El-Shazly Amany , Mamoun Tarek , Abdel Ghaffar Helmy Reem Osama , Hanafy Hashem Mohamed
Published: December 2022

Background: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the leading cause of recurrent retinal detachment after surgical repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Our study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of intravitreal methotrexate infusion (IMI) for the prevention of PVR after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in eyes with RRD.

Methods: This prospective comparative interventional study was conducted from September 2020 to November 2021 at Ain Shams University Hospitals, Egypt. We recruited a consecutive, non-randomized sample of 47 eyes of 47 patients with RRD undergoing PPV. Participants were allocated to a control group or an intervention group that received IMI during surgery. Each group was subdivided into subgroups of eyes at high-risk of developing PVR and eyes with established preoperative PVR grade C. Outcome measures at the 3-month postoperative follow-up were the rate of retinal attachment, incidence of PVR, reoperation rate to flatten the retina, and changes in the retina and/or optic nerve function as assessed by full-field electroretinogram and flash visual evoked potential.

Results: Data from 47 eyes (23 and 24 eyes in the intervention and control groups, respectively) were evaluated. Subgroups IA, IB, and IIB each included 12 eyes, subgroup IIA included 11 eyes, and all subgroups had comparable sex ratios and age distributions. Postoperative PVR at 1 month and between 1 and 3 months was present in 13% and 4% of eyes in the intervention group, respectively. Reoperation to flatten the retina was required in 2 (9%) eyes in the intervention group, while 22 eyes (96%) had complete flattening of the retina at 3 months. No significant differences were found between the study groups and the corresponding subgroups regarding the outcome measures (all P > 0.05). No adverse events attributable to IMI were detected up to 3 months postoperatively.

Conclusions: Although IMI was safe for intraocular use in eyes with RRD and PVR grade C or a high risk of developing PVR, it did not affect the anatomical success rate or development of PVR up to 3 months after PPV. Further multicenter randomized clinical trials with longer follow-up periods and larger sample sizes are needed to verify these preliminary outcomes.
Pars plana vitrectomy for tractional diabetic macular edema with or without internal limiting membrane peeling
Authors: Khattab Abdelrahman Ahmed Ali , Ahmed Mahmoud Mohammed , Hammed Abdullah Hussein
Published: December 2022

Background: The effectiveness of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in the surgical treatment of tractional diabetic macular edema (DME), although widely examined, remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in the management of tractional DME and to highlight any benefits of additional ILM peeling.

Methods: This was an open-label, prospective, comparative, and interventional study that enrolled 50 eyes with tractional DME that underwent PPV and allocated each to one of two groups: group A consisted of 25 eyes that had no ILM peeling and group B consisted of 25 eyes that underwent ILM peeling. Postoperative assessments of best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) in the logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) notation and central macular thickness (CMT) were performed at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively.

Results: At baseline, the two groups were comparable in terms of sex ratios, phakic status, insulin use, coexistence of hypertension, and mean (standard deviation [SD]) age, BCDVA, CMT, duration of diabetes mellitus, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. In group A, the mean (SD) BCDVA improved significantly from 0.89 (0.12) logMAR preoperatively to 0.64 (0.24) logMAR (P < 0.001), and the mean (SD) CMT declined significantly from 471.28 (80.83) micrometer to 228.20 (26.45) micrometer (P < 0.001), at the 6-month postoperative assessment. Likewise, in group B, the mean (SD) BCDVA improved significantly from 0.83 (0.10) logMAR preoperatively to 0.58 (0.24) logMAR (P < 0.001), and the mean (SD) CMT decreased significantly from 496.84 (89.82) micrometer to 226.20 (18.04) micrometer (P < 0.001), after 6 months. There were no significant differences between groups A and B in the changes in BCDVA (Delta BCDVA) or CMT (Delta CMT) at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively with respect to the baseline values (all P > 0.05). Postoperative complications were comparable between the two groups. A significant negative correlation was detected between the preoperative HbA1c level and BCDVA improvement in all participants (r = - 0.82; P < 0.001).

Conclusions: PPV is an effective treatment for tractional DME. Additional ILM peeling was not significantly associated with functional and anatomical benefits over a short period. Long-term glycemic control plays a role in vision gain after vitrectomy in patients with diabetes. Further long-term studies are required to verify our findings.
Combined umbilical cord patching with amniotic membrane graft for corneal surface reconstruction
Authors: Kamel Farag Rania , Elmowafi Karim , El-Sharkawy Hossam T , El-Tarshoby Sahar
Published: December 2022

Background: Umbilical cord patch (UCP) grafts have been successfully used for glaucoma shunt tube coverage and conjunctival surface reconstruction. In recent years, the technique has emerged as a novel alternative for the reconstruction of corneal perforation and descemetocele. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combined UCP grafting and human amniotic membrane (HAM) transplantation for the management of corneal perforation or descemetocele.

Methods: This prospective, non-comparative, interventional case series included nine eyes of nine patients with corneal descemetoceles and 28 eyes of 28 patients with corneal perforations, all in a clinically quiescent state. UCP grafting and HAM transplantation were combined to treat all patients. We re-examined the patients daily throughout the first week, weekly for 1 month, and then monthly for the first 6 months using slit-lamp examination and anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

Results: We included 37 eyes with descemetocele or corneal perforation in a clinically quiescent state. The mean (standard deviation) ages of patients with corneal descemetocele and corneal perforation were 56.3 (18.8) years and 54.3 (18.1) years, respectively. The male-to-female ratios in patients with corneal descemetocele and corneal perforation were 56% to 44% and 61% to 39%, respectively. Postoperative corneal thickness increased significantly in eyes with descemetocele compared to preoperative values (P < 0.001). Postoperative best-corrected distance visual acuity improved significantly compared to preoperative values in eyes with descemetocele or corneal perforation (both P < 0.001), with relief of accompanying ocular symptoms. We did not observe any recurrence or complications such as rejection, infection, suture-related problems, or severe inflammation and all had a formed anterior chamber up to the final follow-up visit.

Conclusions: Combined UCP grafting and HAM transplantation could be a promising alternative treatment for corneal perforation or descemetocele in clinically quiescent eyes, providing satisfactory reconstruction and functional outcomes. Further studies with robust designs, larger sample sizes, and longer follow-up are needed to verify the efficacy and safety of this modified surgical technique in enhancing vision and restoring anterior segment anatomical integrity in compromised corneas.
Da escola à prisão: a atuação professoral e política de Maria Celeste Vidal
Authors: Nascimento Raquel Barreto
Published: December 2022

Em 2015, durante um evento comemorativo dos 60 anos das Ligas Camponesas, no Engenho Galileia, Vitória de Santo Antão-PE, ouvi, pela primeira vez, a respeito da professora Maria Celeste Vidal. Dos relatos memorialísticos acerca da organização de trabalhadores rurais que desencadearam no maior movimento social campesino do Brasil, só conheci ações e atuações empreendidas por homens: Francisco Julião, Zezé da Galileia, Biu de Souza, dentre outros. Por isso, naquele evento, a imagem de um rosto feminino, emoldurada e exposta na parede da biblioteca José Ayres dos Prazeres, nas terras do engenho, despertou-me a curiosidade. Quem seria a mulher dona de sorriso contido, cabelos médios-escuro e de olhar firme? Seu Zito, organizador da biblioteca, respondeu-me sobre ser a professora Maria Celeste Vidal.
Recensiones
Authors: R. C.
Published: December 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 46, No. 507-508, 1991: 131-133.
límites del sistema electoral
Authors: El Editor
Published: December 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 46, No. 509, 1991: 127-149.
A PRECARIEDADE DO SISTEMA PENITENCIÁRIO BRASILEIRO COMO PRINCIPAL CAUSA DE REINCIDÊNCIA CRIMINAL
Authors: Santos Silvana Vieira dos , Cordeiro Norberto
Published: December 2022

O tema principal desse projeto é a precariedade do sistema penitenciário brasileiro como principal causa da reincidência criminal. Essa precarização do sistema carcerário brasileiro está ligada à falta de estruturas e a ausência do Estado com os seus apenados, mais especificadamente na falta de ressocialização do preso, em decorrência da falha do Estado. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo geral apresentar as principais consequências da precariedade do sistema penitenciário brasileiro como principal causa de reincidência criminal. Definiram-se os seguintes objetivos específicos: descrever sobre a história do sistema prisional brasileiro, comparar a realidade penitenciária brasileira com outros sistemas e apontar algumas soluções alternativas para melhorar o sistema penitenciário brasileiro. Abordar sobre a precariedade do sistema penitenciário brasileiro como principal causa da reincidência criminal justifica-se por sua relevância no combate á falta de cuidado por parte dos governantes nos presídios e com os presidiários, o sistema carcerário tornou-se degradante e humilhante, já que a pena de prisão deveria ressocializar o criminoso, mas na prática isso não vem ocorrendo. O presente estudo consiste em pesquisa de caráter descritivo, diante disso os resultados serão aplicados de forma qualitativa, a partir da coleta de fontes secundárias, incluindo revisão bibliográfica e documental. Como fonte de pesquisa a fim de colher referencial teórico será utilizada, livros, sites, artigos científicos, o código penal e legislação pátria. Conclui-se que a precariedade do sistema penitenciário brasileiro possibilita aos altos índices de reincidência criminal no Brasil, sucedendo falha na função de ressocialização do preso devido às condições em que os presidiários são submetidos durante o seu período prisional, mas também se faz necessário a utilização de melhorias no tratamento dentro das prisões para a mudança desse problema.
Tropospheric water vapor: a comprehensive high-resolution data collection for the transnational Upper Rhine Graben region
Authors: Fersch Benjamin , Wagner Andreas , Kamm Bettina , Shehaj Endrit , Schenk Andreas , Yuan Peng , Geiger Alain , Moeller Gregor , Heck Bernhard , Hinz Stefan , Kutterer Hansjörg , Kunstmann Harald
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Tropospheric water vapor is one of the most important trace gases of the Earth's climate system, and its temporal and spatial distribution is critical for the genesis of clouds and precipitation. Due to the pronounced dynamics of the atmosphere and the nonlinear relation of air temperature and saturated vapor pressure, it is highly variable, which hampers the development of high-resolution and three-dimensional maps of regional extent.
With their complementary high temporal and spatial resolutions, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) meteorology and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) satellite remote sensing represent a significant alternative to generally sparsely distributed radio sounding observations. In addition, data fusion with collocation and tomographical methods enables the construction of detailed maps in either two or three dimensions. Finally, by assimilation of these observation-derived datasets with dynamical regional atmospheric models, tropospheric water vapor fields can be determined with high spatial and continuous temporal resolution. In the following, a collection of basic and processed datasets, obtained with the above-listed methods, is presented that describes the state and course of atmospheric water vapor for the extent of the GNSS Upper Rhine Graben Network (GURN) region. The dataset contains hourly 2D fields of integrated water vapor (IWV) and 3D fields of water vapor density (WVD) for four multi-week, variable season periods between April 2016 and October 2018 at a spatial resolution of (2.1 km)2. Zenith total delay (ZTD) from GNSS and collocation and refractivities are provided as intermediate products. InSAR (Sentinel-1A/B)-derived double differential slant total delay phases (ddSTDPs) and GNSS-based ZTDs are available for March 2015 to July 2019. The validation of data assimilation with five independent GNSS stations for IWV shows improving Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE) scores for all seasons, most notably for summer, with collocation data assimilation (KGE = 0.92) versus the open-cycle simulation (KGE = 0.69). The full dataset can be obtained from https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.936447 (Fersch et al., 2021).
Towards a hydrogeomorphological understanding of proglacial catchments: an assessment of groundwater storage and release in an Alpine catchment
Authors: Müller Tom , Lane Stuart N. , Schaefli Bettina
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Proglacial margins form when glaciers retreat and create zones with distinctive ecological, geomorphological and hydrological properties in Alpine environments. There is extensive literature on the geomorphology and sediment transport in such areas as well as on glacial hydrology, but there is much less research into the specific hydrological behavior of the landforms that develop after glacier retreat in and close to proglacial margins. Recent reviews have highlighted the presence of groundwater stores even in such rapidly draining environments. Here, we describe the hydrological functioning of different superficial landforms within and around the proglacial margin of the Otemma glacier, a temperate Alpine glacier in the Swiss Alps; we characterize the timing and amount of the transmission of different water sources (rain, snowmelt, ice melt) to the landforms and between them, and we compare the relationship between these processes and the catchment-scale discharge. The latter is based upon a recession-analysis-based framework. In quantifying the relative groundwater storage volumes of different superficial landforms, we show that steep zones only store water on the timescale of days, while flatter areas maintain baseflow on the order of several weeks. These landforms themselves fail to explain the catchment-scale recession patterns; our results point towards the presence of an unidentified storage compartment on the order of 40 mm, which releases water during the cold months. We suggest attributing this missing storage to deeper bedrock flowpaths. Finally, the key insights gained here into the interplay of different landforms as well as the proposed analysis framework are readily transferable to other similar proglacial margins and should contribute to a better understanding of the future hydrogeological behavior of such catchments.
ACCURACY EVALUATION OF COASTLINE EXTRACTION METHODS IN REMOTE SENSING: A SMART PROCEDURE FOR SENTINEL-2 IMAGES
Authors: Alcaras E. , Amoroso P. P. , Figliomeni F. G. , Parente C. , Prezioso G.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Different algorithms are available in literature to extract coastline from remotely sensed images and different approaches can be adopted to evaluate the result accuracy. In every case, a reference coastline is suitable to compare alternative solutions: usually, the visual photointerpretation on the RGB composition of the considered imagery and the manually vectorization of the coastline allow an accurate term of comparison, but they are laborious and time consuming. This article aims to demonstrate that a smart procedure is possible using a LiDAR-generated Digital Elevation Model (Lg-DEM) as a useful source from which to rapidly extract the reference coastline. The experiments are carried out on Sentinel-2 imagery, using six indices: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Red-Green Ratio (RGR) and NIR-Red Ratio (NRR). The unsupervised classification algorithm named K-Means transforms each index resulting product in two clusters, i.e. water and no-water, while the automatic vectorization allows to detect the coastline as separation between land and sea. The coastline from Lg-DEM and the manually achieved one using photointerpretation are both assumed as references for testing result accuracy. In every case, the performance analysis of the six indices products induces similar results, confirming the combination of NDWI and K-Means as the most performing approach. The tests demonstrate that, when Lg-DEM and satellite images concern the same area in the same period or in absence of variations, the coastline extracted from Lg-DEM is useful as reference to compare various methods.
GIS BASED SMART NOISE MAPPING TO COMPARE ORGANIZED TRAFFIC AND UNORGANIZED TRAFFIC FOR A DEVELOPING SMARTCITY
Authors: Dubey R. , Bharadwaj S. , Biswas S.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. One of the most pervasive environmental dangers to humans is noise. It has detrimental effects on a person's health, including tinnitus, heart attacks, cardiovascular illness, and hearing problems. A noise prediction model, traffic noise data, and 3D geographic data are all necessary for noise mapping. Smart noise mapping uses crowdsourced mobile applications to manage noise data, free satellite data to extract 3D information, and GIS interpolation to create a noise map of a given area. Roads, buildings, and land use/land cover are all planned by the city planner. Controlled traffic is provided by the proposed smart city, but healthier living conditions are not included. This paper aims to compare the benefits of organised and disorganised traffic using the criterion of noise pollution level. Google Images and a noise app were used to create a smart noise mapping approach that adjusted noise levels for various sorts of automobiles. The method is used to create noise maps of a busy crossroads in the growing metropolis of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Before and after the junction became structured, noise maps were produced (separate lanes were designed for traffic in different directions). For three crucial traffic hours each day, it was seen that the scheduled traffic reduced noise levels by 15–20 dB or more. This paper tries to find out the advantages of organized traffic against unorganized traffic in terms of the yardstick of noise. The semantic segmentation method is used to characterise cars, making it simple to categorise various sets of vehicles into small, medium, and heavy vehicle categories. Data from several crossings in that smart city before and after the development was used to confirm the results.
Current and future wind energy resources in the North Sea according to CMIP6
Authors: Hahmann Andrea N. , García-Santiago Oscar , Peña Alfredo
Published: December 2022

Abstract. We explore the changes in wind energy resources in northern Europe using output from historical to mid-21st century CMIP6 simulations and the high-emission SSP5-8.5 scenario. This study improves upon many assumptions made in the past. First, we interpolate the winds to hub height using model-level raw data; second, we use a large ensemble of CMIP6 models; third, we consider the possible wake effects on the annual energy production of a large wind farm cluster proposed for the North Sea. The common practice of extrapolating 10 m wind speeds to turbine height using the power law with a constant shear exponent is often a poor approximation of the actual turbine-height wind speed. This approximation can exaggerate the future changes in wind resources and ignore possible surface roughness and atmospheric stability changes.
The evaluation of the wind climatologies in the CMIP6 models over the North Sea for the historical period shows good correspondence with measurements from tall masts and three reanalysis data points for 16 of the 18 models. Some of the models run at relatively high spatial resolution are as good as the reanalyses at representing the wind climate in this region.
Our results show that annual mean wind speed and wind resources in northern Europe are not particularly affected by climate change in 2031–2050 relative to 1995–2014, according to a subset of 16 models in the CMIP6 collection. However, the seasonal distribution of these resources is significantly altered. Most models agree on reductions in the future wind in summer in a band that extends from the British Isles to the Baltic Sea and on increases in winter in the southern Baltic Sea. The energy production calculations show that summer energy production in a planned large wind farm cluster in the North Sea could be reduced by a median of 6.9 % during 2031–2050 when taking into account the wind farm wakes (that accounts for −0.7 %) and the changes in air density (that account for −0.9 %).
The Folkloric-Festive continuum of an Emerging Elite in La Paz
Authors: Mollericona Alfaro Danny Daniel
Published: December 2022

This article presents the results of the ethnographic research conducted in the period 2015-2017 with the Fraternidad Verdaderos Intocables for the purpose of analyzing reciprocal exchanges through drinking and their impact on the collective sense of community in an urban context. It is proposed that social interactions mediated by alcohol at the space-time of the fiesta signal/impulse chains of reciprocity in present/future overlapping space-time interactions resulting in a folkloric-festive continuum that reinforces the bonds of participants as compadres. This article intends to contribute to the emerging scholarly interest in calendric folkloric festivities in Bolivia by linking that research with the study of alternatives ways to conceive citizenship through public ritual interactions. Contrary to a common assumption that ostentation and big quantities of drunkenness in folkloric events related to a new folklorist elite are “irrational,” ethnographic research found that the dynamics of alcohol distribution/consumption is very carefully structured ritually and has direct implications in social reproduction and collective identity among the participants.
Teaching Journalism in the Era of Doomscrolling
Authors: Das Bijoyeta Sahoriya
Published: December 2022

This essay is a meditation on the questions that arose during two years of teaching and my pursuit of understanding the changing world of journalism and finding comfort and solidarity in shared experiences. I am very grateful to my students who took time to share their experiences, long after they completed my course.

 I am left with the quest: How to continuously create a learning environment that is relevant to our changing times? And such an enquiry cannot be conducted in a silo. Journalism educators and the industry needs to welcome diverse voices and influences to discuss journalistic values and practices, expand the idea of objectivity to include empathy and self-reflection, critically investigate news consumption models and focus on making news a meaningful part of our lives. And I am confident the pandemic can act as a catalyst for growth.
Power Despite Precarity: Strategies for the Contingent Faculty Movement in Higher Education
Authors: Batson Michael
Published: December 2022

Review of Power Despite Precarity: Strategies for the Contingent Faculty Movement in Higher Education, by Joe Berry and Helena Worthen  London: Pluto Press, 2021.
Unsanctioned
Authors: Schneberg Willa
Published: December 2022

Poem by Willa Schneberg.
Other Worlds and Educations Are Possible: Lessons from Teaching and Learning During Covid-19
Authors: Meyer Neil , Wills Jocelyn
Published: December 2022

Introduction to special issue.
Design and Analysis of C Band Bracelet Shaped Wearable DRA with Low SAR
Authors: Basu Sukla
Published: December 2022

A Bracelet shaped wearable Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) is designed and analyzed in this paper. The proposed DRA is made of Bakelite and is capable of operating efficiently in the vicinity of four different frequencies (5.9 GHz, 6.5 GHz 7.1 GHz, 7.6 GHz) in C Band. A performance characteristic of the Bracelet DRA is investigated with the help of a model of human wrist wearing the Bracelet DRA. The DRA worn on human wrist model gives directivity ranging from 7.4dBi to 8.3dBi at different operating frequencies. Radiation efficiency up to 82.1% at 5.9 GHz is obtained. Maximum Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) obtained is 1.15 W/Kg which is within the safe level of 1.6 W/kg set by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), United States. Simulation of the designed DRA is done using CST Microwave Studio Software. Comparable or better performance characteristics of the proposed DRA is obtained than those of several C band wearable antenna structures reported in recent literature.
Las ciudades-fortaleza de Córcega entre revuelta, guerra civil y la Guerra de Sucesión austriaca (1740-1748)
Authors: Beri Emiliano
Published: December 2022

La denominación “guerras de Córcega” alude a la ininterrumpida secuencia de sublevaciones contra la república de Génova que abarca cuarenta años del siglo XVIII (1729-1768). Génova logró afrontar este largo y conflictivo periodo gracias a la preservación de las ciudades de Bastia, Calvi, Ajaccio y Bonifacio. El conflicto, por su parte, determinó cambios decisivos en la configuración de estas cuatro ciudades, que fueron particularmente notorios durante los años de la guerra de sucesión austriaca (1740-1748). Tales cambios se vieron particularmente reflejados en el ejercicio del poder, en la configuración de la arquitectura institucional, en el sistema defensivo y en el de las funciones militares.
Ecos de revolución. Tumultos antifranceses, desobediencia civil y gobierno urbano en Valencia (1793-1795)
Authors: Muñoz Navarro Daniel , Franch Benavent Ricardo
Published: December 2022

Los motines antifranceses que se produjeron en Valencia en 1793-1794 no son nuevos para la historiografía, que comenzó a estudiarlos hace décadas, dentro del marco general de la desintegración del régimen feudal. Sin embargo, el carácter supuestamente espontáneo de estas sublevaciones choca con una compleja realidad política, socioeconómica e incluso cultural. Este artículo pretende, por un lado, reinterpretar la naturaleza y las causas de estos tumultos xenófobos, complementando la información con nuevas referencias documentales. Por otro, analizar las respuestas generadas por las instituciones políticas frente a estos episodios de desobediencia civil, evidenciando las limitaciones del poder real y municipal en el restablecimiento del orden público. Ello sugiere que esta revuelta no era espontánea ni respondía al esquema clásico del motín de subsistencia.
Introducción
Authors: Truchuelo García Susana , Torres Arce Marina
Published: December 2022

Introducción
Supuestos de enriquecimiento injustificado en las Dissensiones dominorum: en torno a la admisión de la actio negotiorum gestorum utilis «ex aequitate»
Authors: Prado Rodríguez Juan Carlos
Published: December 2022

La presente investigación aborda el tema del enriquecimiento injustificado desde la óptica de los glosadores medievales. Así pues, previas consideraciones sobre el alcance que tuvo para tal contexto histórico jurídico el principio de la aequitas intrínseca en aquella regulae iuris inherente a la prohibición de enriquecerse con daño ajeno y referida por Pomponio en D. 50,17,206, se analizarán las posturas tomadas por los glosadores sobre tres supuestos de enriquecimiento injustificado identificados en aquellas colecciones con las cuestiones más controvertidas provenientes del Derecho romano y conocidas como Dissensiones dominorum. En particular, se resaltará la visión del glosador Martinus Gosiae sobre tales supuestos, la cual se decantó por apoyarse en el restablecimiento de la aequitas patrimonial a través de la admisión de una actio negotiorum gestorum utilis, y ello sobre la base de la interpretación de las fuentes jurídicas romanas concernientes a las problemáticas jurídicas tomadas en consideración.
Archivo y cárcel de la Chancillería de Valladolid en el siglo XVII. Obras y proyectos
Authors: Cadiñanos Bardeci Inocencio
Published: December 2022

La Chancillería de Valladolid fue establecida a fines de la Edad Media y llegó hasta el siglo XIX. Constó de un conjunto de tres edificios: la Chancillería propiamente dicha, su archivo y la cárcel. Por su mal estado, estos dos últimos serían reconstruidos en el siglo XVII.