bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to Build a Culture of Ownership
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: January 2025

The article explores how leadership can foster a strong organizational culture where employees feel a true sense of ownership and investment in the company's vision and success. It defines an "ownership culture" as one where all individuals feel personally accountable and act with an entrepreneurial mindset. Research shows organizations with high employee ownership have greater productivity, profitability, stability, and long-term viability. The article outlines key strategies for cultivating this culture, including involving employees in decision-making, implementing compensation structures that reward shared success, communicating an inspiring collective purpose, providing development opportunities, and demonstrating ownership through leadership actions. Ultimately, the article argues that building a culture of employee ownership is crucial for long-term organizational success and sustainability, and provides a roadmap for how companies can work towards this goal.
PELATIHAN PENENTUAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI DAN PENJUALAN PADA UMKM KECAMATAN CILANDAK JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Sandrasari Diny Agustini , Endang Wulandari  , Maya Dewi Dyah Maharani
Published: January 2025

Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman pelaku UMKM di Kecamatan Cilandak, Jakarta Selatan tentang penentuan harga pokok produksi (HPP) dan harga pokok penjualan (HPPn). Metode kualitatif digunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan, yang terdiri dari empat tahapan utama: persiapan, penyusunan materi pelatihan, pelaksanaan pelatihan, dan evaluasi. Pelatihan dilaksanakan dalam bentuk ceramah, praktik, dan pendampingan. Ceramah memberikan teori terkait HPP, sementara praktik membantu peserta menghitung HPP berdasarkan data aktual usaha mereka. Pendampingan dilakukan melalui diskusi kelompok, sesi konsultasi langsung, dan grup WhatsApp untuk mendukung keberlanjutan penguasaan materi. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa peserta mengalami peningkatan pemahaman sebesar 70% berdasarkan hasil pretest dan posttest. Peserta mampu mengklasifikasi biaya, menghitung HPP secara mandiri, serta menyusun laporan laba/rugi sesuai praktik usaha mereka. Evaluasi kuesioner juga mengungkapkan bahwa peserta merasa puas dan menilai kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat. Simpulan, kegiatan ini berhasil mencapai tujuannya, yaitu meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan pelaku UMKM dalam menentukan HPP dan harga jual normal, yang diharapkan dapat mendukung keberlanjutan usaha mereka di tengah persaingan pasar yang ketat.
Kata Kunci : UMKM, Harga Pokok Produksi, Penjualan
PENDAMPINGAN PENGELOLAAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (BUMDes) DALAM KAITANNYA SEBAGAI INFANT ORGANISASI DI PANCA MUKTI KECAMATAN PONDOK KELAPA KABUPATEN BENGKULU TENGAH
Authors: Aprila Nila , Deasy Emalia  , Halimatusyadiah Halimatusyadiah
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pendampingan dalam pengelolaan BUMDes di Desa Panca Mukti, Kecamatan Pondok Kelapa, Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah. Metode yang digunakan dalam program ini adalah metode pendampingan dengan pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR), yang memungkinkan keterlibatan aktif seluruh elemen BUMDes. Pendampingan dilakukan melalui beberapa kegiatan, antara lain diskusi, pelatihan langsung, monitoring, evaluasi, dan penyusunan laporan. Kegiatan pendampingan ini mencakup empat tahap, yaitu penyusunan sistem dan prosedur organisasi, penyusunan rencana kerja, peningkatan kompetensi SDM BUMDes, serta monitoring, evaluasi, dan pelaporan. Program ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengelolaan BUMDes yang baik, dengan fokus pada pengelolaan keuangan dan pengembangan usaha. khalayak sasaran dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah perangkat Desa Panca Mukti dan pengurus BUMDes Panca Mukti Kecamatan Pondok Kelapa  Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah. Tempat pelaksanaan kegiatan di Aula Pertemuan Desa Panca Mukti. Waktu pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian pada 26 September 2024. Peserta kegiatan ini berjumlah 20 orang, yang terdiri dari 5 (lima) orang perangkat desa, 5 (lima) orang pengurus BUMDes dan 10 (sepuluh) orang masyarakat sekitar. Hasil dari kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran dan pemahaman peserta tentang pentingnya pengelolaan BUMDes yang efisien, serta mendorong pengembangan potensi usaha desa. Evaluasi dilakukan secara berkala untuk memastikan ketercapaian tujuan dan peningkatan pengelolaan BUMDes secara berkelanjutan. Secara keseluruhan, kegiatan ini berjalan dengan baik dan memberikan dampak positif bagi pengelolaan BUMDes Desa Panca Mukti.
AI-Driven Customers Segmentation Using K-Means Clustering
Authors: Lathifah Syfa Nur , Azzahra Zalina Fatima
Published: January 2025

Effective customer segmentation is essential for businesses to enhance marketing strategies and improve customer engagement. This study applies K-Means clustering to segment customers based on demographic and behavioral data collected through structured surveys and questionnaires. The dataset includes attributes such as age, income, purchase frequency, product preferences, and brand loyalty. Data preprocessing involved normalization, imputation, and encoding to ensure quality and suitability for clustering. The optimal number of clusters was determined using the Elbow Method and Davies-Bouldin Index, resulting in three distinct segments: High-Spending, Frequent Shoppers, Price-Sensitive, Infrequent Shoppers, and Brand-Loyal, Moderate Shoppers. These clusters provide actionable insights for businesses, enabling tailored strategies such as loyalty programs, discounts, and targeted promotions. The Davies-Bouldin Index score of 1.27 and visualization using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) validated the effectiveness and distinctiveness of the segmentation. This research highlights the potential of AI-driven methods like K-Means clustering in uncovering hidden patterns in customer behavior, offering a robust alternative to traditional segmentation approaches. Future studies could explore larger datasets, integrate additional behavioral attributes, and compare the performance of other clustering algorithms to further enhance segmentation outcomes.
Artificial Intelligence-Driven High School English Reading Instruction
Authors:   Department of Foreign Languages, Xinzhou Normal University,Xinzhou034000,China, Li Jiayi
Published: January 2025

This study examines the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology in high school English reading instruction, analyzing its advantages over traditional teaching methods. A midst the test-oriented education system, high school English reading instruction encounters numerous challenges, including a narrow reading scope for students and a lack of diversity in teaching approaches by educators. The incorporation of AI, particularly Natural Language Processing (NLP), enables in-depth analysis of English reading comprehension and enhances teaching efficiency and student motivation through personalized recommendations, intelligent tutoring, and assessment. AI technology offers tailored learning paths based on specific student needs, achieving personalized instruction, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of assessment through intelligent evaluation and feedback mechanisms. Furthermore, AI enriches teaching resources and interaction modes, increasing student interest and engagement. The study posits that the application of AI technology in high school English reading instruction has broad prospects and is expected to significantly improve educational quality and talent cultivation.
“Living in an Alter World:” Pagsusuri sa Pagtatanghal ng Sarili at Pook-Pangkabuhayan ng mga Alter sa Mundo Ng X (Dating Twitter)
Authors:   De La Salle University, Dumaraos Tracy Valerie , Reyes Ryan ,   Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Liwanag Leslie Anne ,   De La Salle University
Published: January 2025

Ikalima sa pinakaginagamit na social media service sa Pilipinas ang X (dating Twitter) kung saan itinuturing na isa sa mga namamayagpag na birtwal na komunidad para sa LGBTQIA+ (Statista, 2022). Lingid sa kaalaman ng nakararami, nabuo ang mundo ng Alterverse sa X dahil sa tawag ng pangangailangan ng mga gay na kalalakihan upang malayang makapagpahayag ng mga sarili sa partikular na plataporma. Sa pamamagitan ng content analysis na naglalayong suriin ang mga espesipikong grupo tulad ng alters sa X bilang social media users, sinusuri ng papel na ito kung ano ang kasalukuyang estado ng mundo ng Alter matapos ang COVID-19. Napag-alaman nito na hindi lamang para sa mga gay na kalalakihan ang mundo ng alter dahil nahaluan na ito ng heterosekswal na content creators, na nagreresulta sa paglikha ng naiibang feature ng alter accounts. Lumabas sa pag-aaral na ito na self expression ang pinakadahilan ng mga homosekswal na content creators sa pagkakaroon ng alter accounts, samantalang pagbibigayserbisyo gamit ang sarili kapalit ng salapi ang pinakapakay ng mga heterosekswal na alter content creators.

Mula sa papel na ito, makikitang may parehas na presensya ng homosekswal at heterosekswal na content creators sa mundo ng Alterverse sa X, ngunit magkapareho man sila ng ginagawa ay iba ang kanilang hinahanap. Ang resulta ng pag-aaral ay maaaring gamitin sa mas malalim na pag-aaral sa buhay ng mga Alter.
Ang Pag-usbong ng Ginintuang Panahon ng Panulaang Waray (1900 – 1910): Isang Historikal na Pagtimbang sa mga Siday ni Iluminado Lucente
Authors:   Samar State University – Paranas Campus, Nibalvos Ian Mark
Published: January 2025

Tatalakayin sa papel na ito ang nilalaman ng mga siday ni Iluminado Lucente, bilang dakilang makatang Waray, at bibigyang-interpretasyon ang kalagayang panlipunan at ang ilang mga salik na nagtutulak sa paglikha ng mga ito. Ito ay tangkang pag-uugnay sa mga larang ng panitikan at kasaysayan upang makabuo ng imahen ng kalibutang Waray sa panahon at espasyong sinasaklaw ng pagaaral. Ito ay nakabalaybay sa paniniwalang ang kasaysayan at panitikan ay batis ng karanasan, pangyayari, at kamalayan sa pagkatao ng mga mamamayan sa isang partikular na bayan o pamayanan. Upang mahulma ang metanaratibo ng ugnayang panitikan kasaysayan, tutugunan sa papel na ito ang tatlong layunin: 1.) mailarawan ang pag-usbong ng panulaang Waray sa unang bahagi ng Siglo 20 (1900 -1910) sa pamamagitan ng paglalahad ng mga pangyayaring nagtulak sa pag-unlad nito, 2.) mabigyang pakahulugan ang mga pangyayari sa kasaysayang mababakas sa mga siday ni Iluminado Lucente na naisulat sa panahong saklaw ng pag-aaral, at 3.) maipaliwanag ang kabuluhan ng pagsusuri sa mga siday ni Lucente at ang pag-uugnay nito sa kalagayang panlipunan sa panahong pinagaaralan sa kasalukuyang estado ng lipunang Waray.
Common comorbidities among tuberculosis patients in Western Sudan during the Sudan armed conflict
Authors: Khalil Yousif Mohammed Amal , Hassan Mohammed Humida Eldisugi , Mirghani Osman Ali Ahmed , Gadelkarim Ahmed Hussain
Published: January 2025

Background: Tuberculosis continues to be the primary cause of death from infectious diseases globally. In low- and middle-income countries, TB significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality, particularly among patients with comorbidities such as HIV infection, diabetes mellitus, smoking, depression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary TB. HIV co-infection elevates the risk of progression to developed tuberculosis (TB) disease. This study evaluated comorbidity in tuberculosis among patients attending El-Obeid Teaching Hospital during the armed conflict from 2023 to 2024. Methodology: This descriptive retrospective study took place in the respiratory department of El-Obeid Teaching Hospital in North Kordofan State, Sudan. The study examined 751 patients diagnosed with tuberculosis, alongside detailed coverage files from the early years of the Sudan war. We collected the data in August 2024. We developed a thorough data collection sheet and methodically organized all pertinent data. Results: Of the 751 patients, 692 received a tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis without any comorbidities, making up 92% of the cohort. The remaining 59 patients, accounting for 8%, had TB with comorbidities: 40% with diabetes mellitus (DM), 29% with HIV, 15% with hypertension (HIN), and 7%, 6%, and 3% with chronic kidney disease (CKD), bronchial asthma, and cardiac disease, respectively. The majority of patients were over 60 years old, comprising 37% of the cohort. The majority of the patients were unemployed, and their tuberculosis treatment outcomes were complete. Conclusion: Tuberculosis (TB) with comorbidity is more prevalent in diabetic patients than in those with HIV. We recommend regular screening for chronic comorbid diseases to improve treatment outcomes and minimize complications. Additionally, promoting outpatient care is essential for improving TB management, and further surveillance is necessary to fully understand the extent of the issue.
ASSESSMENT OF THE POPULATION OF PYRUS REGELII REHDER IN THE BERIKKARA TOWN
Authors:   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Abdukhadyr A. , Sitpayeva G. ,   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Ivaschenko A. ,   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Zverev N. ,   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction
Published: January 2025

В исследовании, проведенном на территории ущелья Бериккара изучалась популяция Pyrus regelii на площади около 1500 м². Популяция занимает склоны ущелья с крутизной 25° и высотой 613-700 м. Флористический состав состоит из 43 видов, 23 семейств и 37 родов с преобладанием семейства Rosaceae. Были проведены биометрические замеры 34 особей, показавшие возрастной спектр популяции: молодые растения составляют 23,5%, генеративные (молодые и средневозрастные) — 67,6%. Старые генеративные растения составили 8,8% от общего количества. Отсутствие виргинильных растений может быть связано с антропогенным фактором
FLORISTIC COMPOSITION OF A RARELY ENCOUNTERED JUNIPER COMMUNITY IN THE BULDYRTY RIVER BASIN, WEST KAZAKHSTAN REGION
Authors:   Uralsk city education department of the West Kazakhstan region akimat education department "Atameken" children's and youth tourism and ecology center, Anatolii R.
Published: January 2025

Қазіргі уақытта біздің өлкеміздің құмды алқаптарында өсетін қызыл арша (Juniperus sabina L.) өсімдіктер қауымдастығын зерттеу өзекті деп санаймыз, өйткені бұл сирек кездесетін жойылып бара жатқан өсімдік, БҚО-ның «жасыл кітабына» енген реликт болып табылады.
POPULATION VARIABILITY OF PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF RHAPONTICUM ALTAICUM SEEDS
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National university, Mamyrova S , Andreev B ,   FRC UUKh SB RAS, Kuzbass Botanical Garden
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются особенности морфометрических параметров, продуктивности и основных показателей качества семян Rhaponticum altaicum Soskov: массы 1000 семян, лабораторной и полевой всхожесть по ценопопуляциям. Выявлены закономерности между линейными параметрами и продуктивностью семян в зависимости от условий произрастания. Наименьший коэффициент продуктивности (КП) – 31,2%, и наибольшие линейные параметры семян отмечены в ЦП5, что обусловлено биотическим фактором – вредителями. Высокий КП, и мелкие по величине семена характерны для ЦП2 – 56,7% по причине приближенности экологических условий к оптимальным значениям. Лабораторная и полевая всхожести Rh. altaicum низкие и колеблются в пределах от 3,75% до 23,75% в контрольной группе
REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENUS CERCIDOTRIX BUNGE (ASTRAGALUS L.) FOUND IN THE BETPAKDALA
Authors:   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Turarova E , Osmonali B ,   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction
Published: January 2025

Astragalus L. - өте үлкен голарктикалық туыс, түрлік құрамына көпжылдық шөптесін өсімдіктердің кең ауқымы кіреді. Дүние жүзінде 3081 (Plants of the World Online) түрі бар. Көптеген астрагалдардың таралу аймағы шектеулі және Қазақстанда эндемикалық болып табылады, эндемикалық түрлердің 80 түрі бар, яғни 25 пайыздан астамы. Басты түрі Орталық Азияда, соның ішінде Қазақстанда, олардың ішінде Қызыл кітапқа 17 түрі енгізілген. Жалпы қарастырып шыққан әдеби деректерге сәйкес 308 түр деп қарастырамыз. Зерттеу аумағы ретінде таңдалып алынған Бетпақдала аумағында Astragalus туысының 30 түрі кездеседі, соның ішінде түрлер саны көп болып келетін туыс тармағы – Cercidotrix Bunge, 14 түр 12 секция. Ботаника және фитоинтродукция институты Гербарий қоры (АА) бойынша анализ негізінде зерттеу аумағында Cercidotrix туыс тармағының 14 түрі бойынша гербарилері бар екендігі анықталды. Сипатталған 14 түрдің ішінде тек Бетпақдала аумағында кездесетін эндемик түр Astragalus sumneviczii және осы түр Қазақстанның Қызыл кітабына енгізілген (Байтенов и др., 2014). Сондай-ақ, бұл түрді Павлов Н.В. алғаш рет сипаттаған (Павлов, 1952).
STATUS OF GREEN FLAGS IN RECREATIONAL AREAS OF URAL CITY
Authors:   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Smagulova G
Published: January 2025

Мақалада Орал қаласының рекреациялық аймақтарының жасыл желектерін түгендеп есепке ала отырып, олардың сандық сапалық бағалау нәтижесі берілген. Қала территориясында таралған рекреациялық аймақтардағы түрлік құрамы, жағдайы, орналасу жиілігі зерттелген. Зерттеу нәтижесінде қала жасыл желектері тіршілік формасы бойынша 25%-ы бұталар 75%-ы ағаштар екендігі анықталды
SPECIES OF THE GENUS ARTHROPHYTUM SCHRENK IN HERBARIUM COLLECTIONS (AA)
Authors:   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Usen S , Abdildanov D ,   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction
Published: January 2025

В статье приводится конспект гербарных этикеток видов рода Arthrophytum Schrenk Казахстана, хранящихся в гербарном фонде Института ботаники и фитоинтродукции (г. Алматы, Казахстан). Гербарий представляет собой документальную основу исследований флоры и растительности. Именно благодаря появлению гербария стали бурно развиваться география, морфология, систематика и таксономическая экология растений. Стало возможным наглядно иллюстрировать словесные описания растений, а флористические данные стали проверяемыми (Бялт и др., 2009).
THE EXTRAORDINARY EXPEDITION OF NIKOLAI VASILIEVICH PAVLOV TO KAZAKHSTAN IN 1928
Authors:   Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pavlova I. , Pavlova M. ,   Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2025

Николай Васильевич Павлов был известным учёным, путешественником, знал многих знаменитых людей. Его ботанические исследования посвящены изучению флоры и растительности, а также дикорастущих полезных растений Казахстана. Его труды в области систематики и ботанической географии растений заслуживают отдельного изучения. Он был доктором биологических наук, академиком АН Казахской ССР, лауреатом государственной премии СССР, заслуженным деятелем науки. Однако, нам бы хотелось немного рассказать о его семье и одной из необыкновенных экспедиций, случившейся в 1928 году.
BIODECOD APPLICATION FOR IMAGE-BASED DNA CYTOMETRY OF PLANT
Authors:   South Siberian Botanical Garden, Koltunova A. , Panarin R. ,   South Siberian Botanical Garden, Skaptsov M. ,   South Siberian Botanical Garden, Uvarova O. ,   South Siberian Botanical Garden
Published: January 2025

Проточная цитометрия – является важным цитогенетическим методом исследования в современной ботанике. Метод позволяет оценить уровни плоидности и размер генома у растений, а также выявить процессы полиплоидии, апомиксиса, аллополиплоидии. Альтернативным вариантом исследования содержания ДНК в ядрах клеток является цитометрия статичных изображений. В данной статье приводятся краткое описание приложения «BioDecod», которое позволяет анализировать изображения флуоресцентно меченных ядер растений и производить статистическую обработку данных
How is the Human Rights based approach to change the ethics and praxis of achieving Universal Health Coverage?
Authors: Schuftan Claudio
Published: January 2025

Much is being said these days about Universal Health Coverage (UHC). The UN Secretary General is persistently asking for ways programs, such as UHC, to operationalize the human rights framework in all domains of development. Mostly, this has meant expensive international conferences are now devoted to the discussion and elaboration of UHC.

But there is much ambiguity regarding this concept. In its earliest conception, UHC was about creating unified, comprehensive, publicly funded healthcare systems. In the current climate – dominated by neoliberal ideologies – the discussion is focused on offering patients “choices.” Having choices is important, but the choices offered to patients occur in a particular political and economic environment and they are not politically neutral. The powers-that-be have exploited the ambiguities surrounding the term “UHC.” Instead of promoting a unified, comprehensive public system, the focus is on creating a healthcare market driven by (mainly) private insurance companies. Such markets commodify health and are an anathema to those of us who see health as a human right. (Turiano and Smith 2008)
(Re)-construyendo una OMS para la gente
Authors: Birn Anne-Emanuelle , Nervi Laura
Published: January 2025

Entre el alboroto causado por la retirada del gobierno de los EUA de la OMS, una cuestión crucial suele dejarse de lado: la influencia antidemocrática que las corporaciones transnacionales, las organizaciones filantrópicas y sus poderosos países asociados, que ejercen sobre la OMS. Sostenemos que esta situación debe ser revertida si se quiere relegitimar el poder y la competencia de la organización.
Revolutionary medicine
Authors: Yamada Seiji , Imasa Arcelita , Maskarinec Gregory Gabriel
Published: January 2025

This essay might be construed as something of a missive in the vein of Kropotkin’s “An Appeal to the Young,” from old radicals who accomplished little, to young radicals who must accomplish much. We intend our remarks as preliminary, for it will be the young who will re-make the world, and in the process they will learn much to teach their descendants. This essay draws on both Marxist and anarchist currents in its formulation of revolutionary medicine for the current situation. Marx is necessary for his analysis of capitalism, his historical materialism, for his labor theory of value, for his formulation of history as the history of class struggle, for his emphasis on praxis. Anarchism is necessary for its hatred of capitalism, emphasis on freedom, its defiance of authority, and its radical democracy.
The effective of health communication about the awareness of COVID-19 through social media
Authors: Ades Andaleep Sadi
Published: January 2025

The on-going pandemic of COVID-19 has threatened the lives of all the populations across the world as everything, ranging from economic to social have since come into a standstill. Social media such as twitter has been used more frequently to disseminate essential information regarding the pandemic. This study aim to explore if social media or mass media are relied on when seeking information about COVID-19, and subsequently establish the effectiveness of using social media as a health communication tool to create awareness of COVID-19 among members of the public. The researcher adopted a cross-sectional study design in which 500 questionnaires were distributed and filled via survey monkey. The overall findings have shown that people used social media more than mass media in seeking information about COVID-19. Twitter handles as well as other digital social media platforms such as Facebook are effective means of communication in the contemporary society and can, therefore, be effectively and efficiently used by healthcare organizations and various government institutions to create awareness on how to control the pandemic through hand washing, wearing of face mask, and keeping social distance. The paper has ended by recommending aspects for future studies on the same topic.
Identification of Influential Nodal Persons among Injecting Drug Users:- A Social Network Analysis
Authors: Annadurai Kabilan , Bagavandas M.
Published: January 2025

Background: This study is concerned with Injecting Drug Users (IDUs) who couldn't able to followed up with the existing HIV prevention program due to the existence of stigma. These IDUs are living in Chennai city of South India which is cosmopolitan in nature and the bigger in size. Objective: The primary objective of this study is to identify the influential injecting drug user who plays an active role in carrying out different activities like buying and sharing of illicit drugs, seeking information and advising about HIV prevention using Social Network Analysis Methods: This quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among IDUs undergoing Opioid Substitution Therapy (OST) during the study period April 2015- March 2016 were included in the study and they were 46 in number. As all the 46 IDUs were recruited as participants of this study, this network is considered as full network method, in which the existing relationship (Ties) among the IDUs was studied. The open source software Node XL was used to analyze the social network data. Centrality metrics of social network analysis like Degree, Closeness, Betweenness, Eigen Vector and Page Rank were used, to identify the influential IDUs (nodal persons) within networks of IDUs. Results: SNA had identified the UID-64 as one of the influential IDU (node) who is well known for his illicit drug dealings. He is well-connected with other IDUs members in the network this is because he communicates with the majority of the members for distributing illicit drugs and shares the same with them directly and also through other nodal persons. This analysis also identified UID-39 as a resource person who has provided HIV-related information to the maximum number of IDUs directly and indirectly and UID-67 had motivated a maximum number of IDUs in the network for HIV testing and to enroll with OST program. It is surprising to know that these three influential nodal persons were themselves had not enrolled with OST Program and were Ex users. Conclusion: Social network analysis of IDUs had identified the key nodal individuals who could be utilized for effectively imparting essential HIV prevention information and implementing behavioral communication. The study findings highlighted the possibilities of utilizing centrality metrics of the social network as a tool for effective follow-up of IDUs for HIV prevention.
Therapeutic practices of housewives of a population in Valdivia,Chile: A contribution to the rescue of knowledge in domestic medicine
Authors: Jara Araneda Gonzalo , Soto Retamal Nadia
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Different medical systems coexist within therapeutic itineraries; one of these is domestic medicine, in which women play a predominant role. Different visions propose the need for integration between systems. Objective. To describe the perceptions about domestic medicine practices and the value given to these practices by housewives of a population in Valdivia. Methods. A study was conducted under the tradition of Participatory Action Research, between 2019-2020. The pre-reflective and diagnostic phases are presented. Convenience sampling was used with members of a women's group in Valdivia, Chile. Group and individual interviews and a thematic analysis of the data were conducted. Results. A syncretic set of knowledges is observed, transmitted between women within the families, that uses practices from different traditions. There is a perception of ignorance and a rejection from physicians towards domestic medicine, as well as a need for dialogue between systems. Discussion. This experience makes it possible to rescue women's own knowledge, empowering them as valid interlocutors in a dialogue between medical systems. It is necessary to make advances towards integrative experiences that incorporate the vision of other actors in the future.
Changes in indigenous dress and the cocoliztli epidemic of 1544-1548 in New Spain
Authors: Benavides Cárabes Oscar René , Viesca Treviño Carlos
Published: January 2025

The changes in indigenous clothing during XVI century Mexico are examined as a factor in the creation of microclimates favorable to vectors of infectious diseases, such as exanthematous typhus, in relation to the cocoliztli epidemic of 1544-48 in New Spain. Key words: Epidemic, cocoliztli, exanthematous typhus, louse, clothing.
Revolution now. Public health beyond capitalism
Authors: Bodini Chiara Francesca
Published: January 2025

Critical thinking in public health is well and alive, ad least by looking at the numbers and content of the last conference of the International Association of Health Policy in Europe (IAHPE). The scientific organisation gathers a number of well known scientists and academics sharing a starting point that can be captured in the slogan "capitalism is bad for our health". Founded in 1977 as the International Association of Health Policy (IAHP), the European branch - 'sister' to the Latin American Association of Social Medicine (ALAMES) - holds international conferences every two or three years. The last one - number 18 in the history of the association - took place from the 21st to the 24th of September in Thessaloniki, Greece, organised by the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in collaboration with the Queen Mary University of London.

Over 30 speakers from all over the world presented critical analysis on health policies and outcomes "in the era of capitalist crisis and restructuring" - as explained by the title of the conference - during seven round table discussions and five key note lectures; in addition, numerous researchers animated parallel sessions presenting posters and papers of high scientific and political value. It's impossible to summarise the richness in analysis and perspectives brought by all the contributors, but I'll try to highlight some aspects worth being widely shared.
Predicting the effect of environmental humidity on COVID-19 trend in Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Purnama Tri Bayu
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This study aims to estimate effect of environment humidity on COVID-19 in Indonesia. Design: This study used ecological study to investigate time series of environment parameters and COVID-19 data. Spearman correlation test was applied to analyzed the correlation. Setting: This study located in Medan, Indonesia which was the largest city in Western part of Indonesia. Participants: COVID-19 cases as the outcome of this study which was obtained from department of health in Medan. Temperature, humidity, duration of sun exposure was used as environmental parameters. Results: Humidity has detected as positive correlation with COVID-19 and temperature has shown as negative correlation. There is no significant different on environmental data before and after COVID-19 detected in Medan.
Conclusions: Predicting trend of environment parameters and COVID-19 is needed to conduct public health preparedness of COVID-19 strategy.
The neglected role of the military as a disease vector:Implications for Covid-19 and for global public health policy
Authors: Chaufan Claudia , Noh K. J.
Published: January 2025

With the development of communication and transportation technologies, increases in international trade, and mass population movements, chances of human-to-human transmission of infectious disease agents have increased, alongside the pressing need to understand their transmission mechanisms and develop effective responses to contain their spread.

Since the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, mass testing, contact tracing, isolation of confirmed cases and varying degrees of restriction on population movements have contributed to flattening the global disease curve. However, the role of military transmission in the spread of Covid-19 has been largely overlooked, not only by the military itself, but also by government officials, policymakers, and even medical professionals, despite the rich body of literature spanning at least a century providing evidence for the role of the military as a pathogen transmitter.

We call attention to this omission, offer a snapshot of the historical evidence for military-civilian transmission of infectious disease and its disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations, and underscore the need to acknowledge the neglected role of the military as a disease vector for the successful design and implementation of a more equitable Covid-19 public health policy.
Medical education versus exposure to SARS COV-2: how is the achievement of doctor resident competence in the field of urogynecology?
Authors: Kurniawati Eighty Mardiyan , Rahmawati Nur Anisah
Published: January 2025

The spread of SARS CoV-2 impacts medical education. Patients with urogynecological cases are mostly elderly patients who are at risk of exposure to the virus. This paper aims to review resident education in the urogynecology field during the pandemic and how residents can achieve appropriate competence. This study examines the views of several previous research articles and then compiled them in a narrative review. New recommendations such as services at health facilities, as well as scheduled visits or virtual services, have an impact on reducing the number of cases, limited contact with patients, virus exposure from practice locations, online learning, and the involvement of resident doctors in handling SARS CoV-2 case for other units. Resident doctors need to achieve competence to become professionals in their fields. What needs to be realized is that direct practice with patients, conducting examinations, making diagnoses, and providing therapy with real cases cannot be replaced with online learning. Medical education for residents must ensure safety in obtaining education and practice in the hospital to fulfill the task of caring for patients, access to mental health in a pandemic, and simulation-based training. All of these interventions are designed to ensure that the competence of graduates achieved before or during COVID-19 is the same: doctors who are professional and competent intheir fields.

Keywords: Resident doctors, Medical education, Competence, Urogynecology, SARS CoV-2
Health Delivery Systems in Response To Covid-19: The Need for Indigenous Led Responses in the USA
Authors: Hill Margo , Houghton Frank , Keogh Hoss Mary Ann
Published: January 2025

The indigenous American Indian/ Alaskan Native (AI/AN) communities in North America have experienced inequitably higher rates of Covid-19 related morbidity, hospitalisation, and mortality than the majority, non-Hispanic white population. These inequalities are the result of centuries of racism and oppression. Mainstream health services have struggled financially to survive the crisis and are poorly positioned or trained to meet the needs of tribal members. The Indian Health Service, being both poorly funded and often suspect, largely failed to mitigate the impact of Covid-19 on these vulnerable communities. There is an urgent need for the expansion of indigenous led health providers.
Towards a Health from the South: A decolonial and health sovereignty epistemology
Authors: Basile Gonzalo
Published: January 2025

In this context, the epistemological bases of health have tended to move in a pendulum motion between the reproduction of a constant coloniality of power and health knowledge (Quijano, 1999), making the historical cycles move in accumulations of imported theories, policies and methodologies, in a permanent dynamic of imitation or, in the best of cases, in the adaptation of theses to the global North. Each episteme produced sedimentations, geo-cultural accumulations and institutional condensations in the health field, in academia, in the States, and in the societies as a whole throughout the 20th century.
Human rights in health professionals’ education: making students aware of what the deprivation of the right to health means
Authors: Schuftan Claudio
Published: January 2025

This paper puts the finger on the barriers that “overstretched positivist biomedical curricula” pose to openings to a more humanistic approach to the education of health and nutrition professionals. Universities clearly favor “preparing career-ready graduates” so that curricula, in our case, staunchly avoid “critical pedagogies that promote a justice-enhancing health professional praxis”; “politicizing their curricula, their pedagogies, and the (social) engagement of their students” is far removed from their aims. Not that students mind; they remain buried in the “tell-me-what-I-need-to-know learning culture” --and this is yet another barrier to overcome since, given their mostly middle-class extraction, they are comfortable with “the status-quo that an individualistic professional practice offers them, (in practice) far removing them from critical (social and civic) thinking”. For all these reasons, “guiding those novice professionals to a career of political engagement is (better late than never) an absolute necessity for social change and social justice in health care”. This paper opens avenues in this realm --more specifically in the area of human rights learning.
The Human Rights Discourse in Health (19 key statements)
Authors: Schuftan Claudio
Published: January 2025

Food for a flagrantly violated thought. Meaning of the human rights discourse in health: The revived interest in a HR-based approach to development and to our work in health is well justified and an advantage over our current approach. Human Rights (HR) - and the Right to Health - have a particular concern about those who are disadvantaged, marginal and living in poverty.  Widespread unsatisfied health needs - primarily of the poor who lack economic access to health services (and are now faced with widespread fee-for-service charges) - represent flagrant violations of the rights of a majority of people.
MEDICC: Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba
Authors: Editors The
Published: January 2025

.
Past/Future Conjoined: Note from the USA on the Present Edition
Authors: Elkes Joel
Published: January 2025

It was a warm summer day in 1937. We had heard of The Peckham Experiment while on student rotation under Aleck Bourne, Chief of Obstetrics and Gynecology at St. Mary's Hospital, London. A man of deep human sympathy, and far ahead of his time, he had a clear vision of where medicine was going. A novel experiment in prospective health care was apparently proceeding in a working class London Borough. There was not much interest in our little group, except for one other student and myself. So on that warm summer day the two of us set out to see for ourselves. We arrived in the late afternoon. Nearly fifty years later, I still recall the first impression of the building—a feeling of access and transparency: glass walls, glass doors, story-high open spaces. The classrooms and playrooms abutted the gym, and the swimming pool. The kitchen, the cafeteria, the reading room, even the pathology labs were visible from the passage way. Only the interview rooms we shielded from view. Children of all ages were everywhere, playing in creches, nurseries, and playrooms. Some were with their parents, some with "sister" (nurse) some solo, some in clusters doing their thing on ropes, or roller skates, or engaged in quiet study or games. On the terrrace-cafeteria, overlooking the pool, there were parents —mainly mothers, some of whom might be seen again in the evening joined by their husbands or friends. There was also a sprinkling of grandparents here and there. We noticed one other aspect: as the hours passed, more and more teenagers joined in. I remember thinking at the time how remarkable it was to have parents, children, teenagers, and even grandparents, all under one roof, and all clearly enjoying themselves. If there was "staff," it was hard to tell who was who.
Beyond medical treatment, arsenic poisoning in rural Bangladesh
Authors: Rammelt Crelis Ferdinand , Masud Zahed Md , Boes Jan , Masud Fariba
Published: January 2025

Millions of drinking water supplies in Bangladesh are contaminated with potentially lethal levels of arsenic. This discovery in the late 1990s sparked widespread international concerns and generated a substantial amount of funds. Yet, after more than a decade, the provision of safe water supplies and accessible arsenicosis treatment schemes remains inadequate. A lack of understanding of the origin and health impacts of arsenic is one of the many obstacles at the community level. There is evidence that arsenic poisoning affects particularly the poor due to their malnutrition and low health status. Moreover, technologies and medicines for treatment are often unaffordable or unavailable to them. Interventions in the water and health sectors must not only address these inequalities, they must also be integrated. It has long been established that treatment is of no use unless people first have access to safe water. The reverse is also true; shifting to safe water is often not sufficient to detoxify the blood and organs affected by years of gradual poisoning. A safe water supply must go hand in hand with long-term medical support for existing patients. This raises serious doubts about the sustainability of many of today’s efforts. Our paper describes the challenges by drawing from our experiences working with some of the poorer arsenic affected villages in rural Bangladesh.
Global AIDS Funding and the Re-Emergence of AIDS ‘Exceptionalism’
Authors: Forman Lisa
Published: January 2025

Recent years have seen the re-emergence of charges of AIDS exceptionalism in response to ‘revolutionary’ increases in global funding for health that have coalesced around HIV/AIDS treatment. These increases are argued to illustrate that AIDS demands an exceptional and exaggerated portion of global resources to the detriment of other health needs and the strengthening of health systems. I argue in contrast that AIDS ‘exceptionalism’ in funding represents a welcome departure from a long-standing norm that tolerates grossly insufficient domestic and global allocations to health. In this light, AIDS ‘exceptionalism’ while a political anomaly, has acted as a corrective to exclusionary and inequitable HIV/AIDS policies.
Social justice: The heart of medical education
Authors: Hixon Allen L. , Yamada Seiji , Farmer Paul E. , Maskarinec Gregory G.
Published: January 2025

Building on the long-standing institution of the
Hippocratic Oath, the authors suggest that all physicians-
in-training must be taught the principles affirmed
by the 1978 Declaration of Alma-Ata. Physicians
should recognize that health is a fundamental
human right and that gross inequalities in health
care are unacceptable for moral, political, social,
and economic reasons. Incorporating an explicit focus
on social justice in medical education will lead
to the training of physicians who understand that to
advance the goal of “health for all” they must work
toward more equitable distribution of health care
and the elimination of health disparities, both within
the U.S. and internationally. Learning to understand
the social determinants of health, to advocate for
equitable health system change, and to advance social
justice throughout their careers should be the
focus of this training. As this training prepares leaders
to press for system change in the U.S., it also
aligns with the global trend of recognizing human
rights as a core competency of medical education.
Bolstering the Biomedical Paradigm
Authors: Houghton Frank Thomas , Houghton Sharon B
Published: January 2025

In this editorial, Drs. Frank Thomas Houghton and Sharon Houghton discuss JAMA's recent (2014) series on statistics and methods as evidence of an overemphasis on quantitative methodology in research and an ignoring of qualitative methods.
Desafios Na Aprendizagem De Propedêutica Urológica
Authors: Costa Djalma Ribeiro , Reis Adaíla Carnib Bemvindo Lima , Júnior Walter Luís Pereira de Andrade , Monteiro Rennan Rocha , Júnior Prelian Freitas dos Santos , Coelho Itallo  da Silva , Dantas Gabriel Nunes , Lima Carlos Eduardo Moura de , Carvalho Débora Medeiros de , Meneses Camila Araújo Nery Oliveira
Published: January 2025

This qualitative study, employing thematic analysis of eighth-semester medical students' experiential reports, aimed to identify key challenges in learning urological propaedeutics. Thematic analysis of three reports revealed three convergent themes: integration of theory and practice, the importance of semiology, and challenges in physician-patient interaction. Divergent themes included a focus on specific technologies and detailed case presentations. Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory facilitated the analysis of facilitators (faculty supervision, peer interaction, technological resources) and barriers (lack of mediation, limited resources, passive learning). The study concludes that optimizing learning requires pedagogical strategies promoting the integration of theory and practice, active and collaborative learning, effective use of technology, and enhanced physician-patient communication to overcome identified barriers.
EDUCATIONAL AND TRAINING INFORMATION SYSTEM AT PT. AZURE SAMUDERA KARSA
Authors: Ayi Purnama Soni , Buhori Muslim
Published: January 2025

The importance of computerized systems reduces the time required to manage ongoing business processes and allows for more accurate representantation of data and information in government agencies. PT. Azure Samudera Karsa requires  an education and training data management system, an information system that makes it easier for managers to catalog data, including recording, storing and reporting training participant data. With an information system, PT. Azure Samudera Karsa can manage report quickly, precisely and accurately. The data collection method that supports the development of a surveillance information system is by using interviews, observation and documentation methods. The design of education and training information systems is based on the waterfall approach which consits of the following stages: planning, modeling, construction, implementation and testing. The results of this reseaech are an educational and training information system analysis design using UML design tools, and system testing results using the EUCS method.
Strategi Pengajaran Tasawwuf dalam Membentuk Kepekaan Sosial Santri di Pesantren
Authors: Imam Baidawi
Published: January 2025

Pendidikan tasawwuf di pesantren memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam membentuk karakter santri yang berakhlak mulia dan memiliki kepekaan sosial tinggi. Integrasi tasawwuf dalam kurikulum pesantren tidak hanya membantu santri memahami konsep-konsep sufistik secara lebih mendalam, tetapi juga mengaplikasikannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Keteladanan kiai dan guru, serta metode pengajaran berbasis pengalaman seperti program khidmah, terbukti efektif dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai sufistik pada santri. Meskipun demikian, masih terdapat beberapa tantangan dalam implementasi pendidikan tasawwuf di pesantren, termasuk kurangnya struktur kurikulum yang formal dan pengaruh globalisasi yang menyebabkan berkurangnya minat terhadap kajian sufistik. Oleh karena itu, pesantren perlu terus berinovasi dalam metode pengajaran dan memanfaatkan teknologi untuk meningkatkan daya tarik pembelajaran tasawwuf bagi santri. Dengan strategi yang tepat dan dukungan dari berbagai pihak, pesantren dapat mencetak generasi santri yang tidak hanya unggul dalam keilmuan, tetapi juga memiliki jiwa sosial yang kuat serta kesiapan menghadapi tantangan zaman.