bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outdoor Activity: Benefits and Risks to Recreational Runners during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Makruf Aswar , Ramdhan Doni Hikmat
Published: November 2021

Running has become one of the most popular recreational sports worldwide. It is an easily accessible form of exercise as there are minimal equipment and sport structure requirements. Aerodynamic simulation experiments showed a risk of droplet exposure between runners when two people run in a straight line at a close distance (slipstream). Thus, running activities require a safe physical distance of 10 meters to avoid droplet exposure, which can be a source of transmission of COVID-19 infection. However, running outdoors during the COVID-19 pandemic is still often done in pairs and even in groups without wearing a mask. Open window theory stated that changes in the immune system occur immediately after strenuous physical activity. Many immune system components showed adverse changes after prolonged strenuous activity lasting more than 90 minutes. These changes occurred in several parts of the body, such as the skin, upper respiratory tract, lungs, blood, and muscles. Most of these changes reflected physiological stress and immunosuppression. It is thought that an “open window” of the compromised immune system occurs in the 3–72-hour period after vigorous physical exercise, where viruses and bacteria can gain a foothold, increasing the risk of infection, particularly in the upper respiratory tract. Outdoor physical activity positively affects psychological, physiological, biochemical health parameters, and social relationships. However, this activity requires clear rules so that the obtained benefits can be more significant while simultaneously minimizing the risk of transmission of COVID-19 infection.
Characteristics of Cognitive Status in Sub-Population of Sub-Acute Stage of Ischemic Stroke Patients in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Harahap Herpan Syafii , Akbar Muhammad , Tammasse Jumraini , Bintang Andi Kurnia , Zainuddin Andi Alfian
Published: November 2021

Cognitive decline is a significant complication that affects most stroke survivors. Early detection of cognitive decline in ischemic stroke patients and identification of risk factors improves their clinical outcomes. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of cognitive status in the sub-acute phase of ischemic stroke. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 89 sub-acute ischemic stroke patients in three hospitals in West Nusa Tenggara recruited consecutively from August 2019 to April 2020. The data collected were demographic and clinical characteristics, cognitive status, and functional outcome. The association between clinical and demographic characteristics and cognitive decline was analyzed using logistic regression. In addition, the relationship between cognitive status and functional outcomes of these patients was examined using the chi-square test. This study revealed that the prevalence of cognitive decline in these subjects was 71.9%. Multiple logistic regression showed that age was the only characteristic associated with cognitive decline in the subjects (OR = 5.12,95% CI = 1.08-24.28). Furthermore, the frequency of cognitive decline in these subjects was significantly associated with functional outcomes (p-value =0.014). Thus, there was a high prevalence of cognitive decline in sub-acute ischemic stroke patients associated with increasing age and poor functional outcomes.
Association between Self-Reported Fatigue and Sarcopenia Measures among Elderly in Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Justine Maria , Latir Aliff , Noor Nadhirah , Joanny Angelbeth , Iskandar Izzaty , Amirul Faizi Maisarah Sakinah , Edinan Dzulhelmi
Published: November 2021

The association between fatigue and sarcopenia is not well understood, therefore, this study aimed to compare the sarcopenia measures among elderly with mild and severe fatigue and to determine whether fatigue severity is associated with sarcopenia measures. This was a cross-sectional study conducted on201 elderly (age = 68.45±6.30 years). The elderly was classified into either mild or severe fatigue based on the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), meanwhile, sarcopenia measures include SARC-F score, muscle mass (ASM/height2), calf circumference (CC), upper (handgrip) and lower limb muscle strength, as well as physical performance (gait speed). Data were analyzed using independent t-tests and logistic regression. The results showed that elderly with severe fatigue were significantly older, with lower muscle strength, and slower gait speed (all p-value <0.05). After adjusting for age, fatigue severity remained significantly associated with SARC-F score (OR = 1.583, 95% CI = 1.262-1.986, p-value = 0.001) and CC (OR = 1.103, 95% CI = 1.014-1.200, p-value = 0.022). Moreover,when the SARC-F score was removed from the regression model, fatigue severity was significantly associated with CC (OR = 1.088, 95% CI = 1.006-1.178, p-value = 0.036) and gait speed (OR = 0.011, 95% CI = 0.001-0.168, p-value = 0.001). Based on the results, fatigue severity is associated with SARC-F score, CC, and gait speed, therefore, interventions targeted at sarcopenia measures is recommended to optimize physical endurance in the elderly.
Correlation between Care Burden and Mental Health with the Perceived Social Support of Patients Relatives in Turkey
Authors: TAHTA Mehtap ŞAHİNGÖZ , BALCI Elçin
Published: November 2021

The people providing care for relatives always need support and accompaniment from their families and friends. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation among the care burden, mental health and social support perceptions of the patients’ relatives that provide long-term care for patients receiving service from the home care service (HCS) unit in one city. This descriptive study was carried out with the relatives of patients receiving service from home health units. Among the relatives providing care for a total of 859 patients, those that did not comply with the inclusion criteria were excluded, which made a total population of 309 people. Individual information form, burden interview, brief symptom inventory and multidimensional scale of perceived social support were used for the assessment of the data. Descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. The result showed a positive moderate significant correlation among the burden score, brief symptom inventory subscale and global index scores while, a negative moderate significant correlation was discovered between the family, significant other and multidimensional scale of perceived social support scores. Consequently, as the perceived social support level in the patients’ relatives providing care increased, their care burden and mental health problems decreased.
Correlation between Dental Environment and Perceived Stress Scale among Dental Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Astoeti Tri Erri , Josephine Howis , Widyarman Armelia Sari , Sudhana Widijanto
Published: November 2021

Academic stressors in a medical educational environment are related to two factors. This study was carried out in order to analyze the correlation between the dental environment and perceived stress among dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The respondents were 422 undergraduate dental students and the validated Modified Dental Environmental Stress (DES) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaires were used. Furthermore, the Spearman correlation analysis was used to measure the correlation between DES and PSS score. The result showed that five dental stressors were noted to have the strongest correlations with PSS (p-value >0.40). They include expectation towards dental school (p-value = 0.431), lack of confidence to be a successful dentist (p-value = 0.424), lack of confidence to become a successful dental student (p-value = 0.408), dental school regulations (p-value = 0.401) and criticism of school work (p-value = 0.400). In addition, all six DES categories showed a positive correlation with the PSS. Therefore, the dental students collectively displayed moderate perceived stress scores. The overall discoveries from this study showed a positive correlation between the DES and PSS among dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s Sufficiency Economy Philosophy and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Higher-Education Students from the Armed Conflict Region of Thailand
Authors: Jatchavala Chonnakarn , Vittayanont Arnont
Published: November 2021

This cross-sectional survey assessed the association between post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and perceived self-sufficiency, reflecting the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (SEP), conceived by H.M. King Bhumibol Adulyadej (King Rama IX). It was conducted among university students on one campus located within the area affected by the Southern Thailand insurgency and another campus located in a nearby province outside of the restive area. All self-administered questionnaires consisted of questions related to personal information, the Thai version of the PTSD checklist, and a questionnaire aimed at measuring the perceived self-sufficiency according to H.M. King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s SEP. The study found that most university students in the restive area affected by the Southern Thailand insurgency perceived to live sufficiently according to H.M. King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s SEP. The rate of perceived self-sufficiency was also higher than reported by the students from the other campus in a nearby province. Moreover, self-sufficiency exhibited a significant inverse association with PTSD symptoms.
Reasons for Unwanted Pregnancy among Women of Childbearing Age (15-19 Years) in Jambi Province
Authors: Kalsum Ummi , Listiawaty Renny , Mohd Awal Dato Noor Aziah
Published: November 2021

The occurrence of unwanted pregnancy (UP) among women of childbearing age (WCA) has been reported to be increasing in various regions, however, this incidence has not been assessed among the adolescents of 15-19 years age group, in Jambi City. The factors influencing this occurrence includes individual, family, and environmental determinants. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of UP among WCA (15-19 years) in Jambi Province. A cross-sectional design was used, while the participants (307 women aged 15-19 years) were selected in Jambi City and West Tanjung Jabung District, using the Multistage Random Sampling. The analytical method used was the Multiple Logistic Regression of alpha 5%. The results showed that the prevalence of UP among WCA (age 15-19 years) was 1.6%, compared to 50% of those that were married. The dominant factor of UP includes the use of contraceptives with an adjusted-odds ratio of 74.5 (95% CI = 3.58-1,549.02), while the control used were the job of WCA, knowledge, dating behaviour, accesses to information media and health facilities, as well as family education. Therefore, it is suggested that creative, innovative, informative promotions, and education were needed via the social media. Besides, the optimization and strengthening of the Gen-Re go to school program should be carried out, as well as synergizing the cross-sectoral activities, government, private sector, and the community (especially parents).
Accelerating the Provision of Safe Water Supply in Urban and Rural Areas of Indonesia
Authors: Sutomo Sumengen , Sagala Salord , Sutomo Bebi , Winarti Sri , Sanjaya Gelant
Published: November 2021

Over the past 100 years, the provision of a safe water supply to drink in Indonesia has been slowly progressed with low coverage. The majority of the population does not have access to safe water. Morbidity and mortality of water-related diseases, including diarrhea, are very high. The provision of safe water is not a technological issue but good water management that comprises content, institutional, and communication layer. This paper provided information for strategic and operational decisions to accelerate the provision of safe water services in urban and rural areas. Benchmarking good water management with the characteristics of the water supply location is required to improve the health status of the population, mainly the poor urban and rural areas with limited resources, including time and cost.
Are We Passing on Violence to the Next Generation?: Gender Norms and Gender-based Violence Attitudes among Early Adolescents in Indonesia
Authors: Mahendra I Gusti Agung Agus , Pinandari Anggriyani Wahyu , Choiriyah Ifta , Wilopo Siswanto Agus
Published: November 2021

Intensification of gender norms during puberty affects adolescents’ perceptions and behavior related to violence. This study examined the association between gender norms and gender-based violence (GBV) among early adolescents considering socio-ecological variables using cross-sectional data from 3,618 Indonesian Global Early Adolescent Study pupils. Chi-square tests with simple and multiple logistic regression analyses examined how different factors' levels predict GBV. Among boys, GBV attitudes were found high (53%). Furthermore, they also had high heteronormative expectations, threatened feelings, experiences of violence, porn access, and 5+ adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Logistic regression results revealed that adolescent boys having one or two scores of gender norms at the above-median are 1.3 times more likely to commit GBV and even 2.2 times higher if all were above median [AOR(CI) =1.3(1.1-1.6); 2.2(1.7-2.8)], respectively. Boys, having 5+ ACEs, and stronger endorsement on heteronormative relationships were also more likely to commit GBV [AOR(CI) =1.5(1.3-1.7); 1.5(1.2-1.9); 1.5 (1.3-1.7)], respectively. This research concluded that unequal gender norms intensified during puberty strongly correlate to attitudes towards GBV among early adolescents. Strengthening the individual aspects by providing a more conducive environment, such as comprehensive sexual education at school, is essential to prevent GBV.
The Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma Gondii in Cats at the House of Maternal Women with Toxoplasmosis in Badung, Indonesia
Authors: Subrata Made , Astawa Nyoman Mantik , Suryadi Nyoman Tigeh , Purnama Sang Gede , Agustina Kadek Karang , Harjana Ngakan Putu Anom , Damriyasa Made
Published: November 2021

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by infection with the parasite called Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). The health and social impacts of the infection are enormous, including miscarriage, hydrocephalus, blindness, and mental retardation. The occurrence of toxoplasmosis in maternal women cannot be separated from cats around their houses. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of the parasite in cats found in the human carriers residences and identified the risk factors of toxoplasmosis in maternal women in Badung District, Bali Province, Indonesia. A total of 80 cat serum samples were obtained from two residential groups, 40 from the housing where the maternal women were infected and another 40 from where there were no identified sufferers of the disease. All the samples were examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method to detect the presence of antibodies T. gondii in feral cat serum. The results showed that 47.5% of the examined subjects had the said antibodies. As much as 65% came from housing with cases of toxoplasmosis in maternal mothers, and 30% came from residences with none. The presence of feral cats is a major risk factor for the transmission of T. gondii to humans.
How Risky People of Getting COVID-19 based on their Daily Activities?
Authors: Ariyanti Fajar , Mustakim Mustakim , Al Ayubi Moch Thoriq Assegaf , Marlisman Desty Pratiwi
Published: November 2021

In Indonesia at the end of 2020, COVID-19 cases were increasing and predicted to continue, as Indonesia had not yet passed the peak of the pandemic curve. The government had implemented mobility restrictions to reduce exposure to COVID-19. However, there is still a lack of studies in Indonesia that have assessed the risks of COVID-19 transmission based on people’s daily activities. This study aimed to identify the risk of people getting COVID-19 based on their daily activities. This study used a cross-sectional study design. It took 315 respondents under non probability sampling from September to October 2020. The data were analyzed using thechi-square test with α 0.05. This study showed that the risk percentage of people being infected with COVID-19 based on their daily activities was 15.56% at low risk, 63.81% at moderate-low risk, 17.14% at moderate risk, and 3.9% at moderate-high risk. Factors that were significantly related to the risk of getting COVID-19 in terms of daily activities were biological sex, attitude, and COVID-19 preventive behavior. The conclusion of this study was that the assessment of the risk of getting COVID-19 could be derived from daily activities carried out during the peak of the pandemic.
Mental Fatigue and Its Associated Factors among Coal Mining Workers after One Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Djamalus Hendra , Utomo Budi , Djaja I Made , Nasri Sjahrul Meizar
Published: November 2021

Mental fatigue among coal mining operators was related to driving activities that require high concentration. This study aimed to determine factors that contributed to mental fatigue among coal mine operators in Indonesia, specifically in Kalimantan and Sumatra, after a one-year COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 480 operators from two companies and seven sites. A self-administrated questionnaire in the Google Form was used to measure mental fatigue, the non-work-related factors (age, education, marital status, residence, and stress level), and work-related factors (working periods, shift pattern, type of shift, and work area in mining). The data analyzed using Chi-square and binomial logistic regression showed that the prevalence of mental fatigue was 32.3%. Operators with moderate stress and working in the pit area demonstrated a significant association with mental fatigue (p-va lue<0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that medium stress (ORadj: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.41 to 3.15) and working in the pit (ORadj: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.45 to 3.57) had a positive association with mental fatigue. Thus, the pit condition and stress levels were the dominant factors influencing mental fatigue and became points to manage mental fatigue in coal mining operators in Kalimantan and Sumatra.
The Indonesian Strategy to Achieve Universal Health Coverage through National Health Insurance System: Its Challenges in Human Resources
Authors: Adyas Atikah
Published: November 2021

Not available.
Sealing Mechanism Based on Force Chain and Experimental Investigation of Sealing Fractures
Authors: Bao Dan , Zhou Chengyu , Wang Lei , Zhang Peng , Jia Zhenfu , Zhang Wenlong
Published: November 2021

Lost circulation often occurs in fractured formations, which was a main technological problem during drilling. Conventional lost circulation material (LCM) was often used to form a plugging zone to prevent fluid loss during drilling. The formed seal was a granular material system composed of LCMs. This paper presented the physical mechanism of the force chain within the plugging zone. The seal performance is related to the properties of LCMs. A device for testing seal performance of LCMs with long fracture was developed. The effects of LCM performance on seal integrity were investigated using a plugging device with long fracture. The results showed that the wide particle size distribution (PSD) of LCMs tended to form a strong force chain network structure within the sealing zone. Increasing the stiffness and roughness of LCMs resulted in higher breaking pressure. The addition of fiber with high length-diameter ratio could improve the shear strength of the sealing zone and form a strong force chain network structure, and it can reduce fluid loss.
Pressure Analysis for Fractured Wells
Authors: Gringarten Alain C. , Ramey Henry J. , Raghavan R.
Published: November 2021

INTRODUCTION

During the last few years, there has been an explosion of information in the field of well test analysis. Because of increased physical understanding of transient fluid flow, the entire pressure history of a well test can be analyzed, not just long-time data as in conventional analysis.! It is now often possible to specify the time of beginning of the correct semilog straight line and determine whether the correct straight line has been properly identified. It is also possible to identify wellbore storage effects and the nature of wellbore stimulation as to permeability improvement, or fracturing, and perform quantitative analyses of these effects.

These benefits were brought about in the main by attempts to understand the short-time pressure data from well testing, data which were often classified as too complex for analysis. One recent study of short-time pressure behavior2 showed that it was important to specify the physical nature of the stimulation in consideration of stimulated well behavior. That is, statement of the van Everdingen-Hurst infinitesimal skin effect as negative was not sufficient to define short-time well behavior. For instance, acidized {but not acid fraced) and hydraulically fractured wells did not necessarily have the same behavior at early times, even though they might possess the same value of negative skin effect.
Orthogonal Proteomics Methods to Unravel the HOTAIR Interactome
Authors: Delhaye Louis , Bruycker Edith , Volders Pieter-Jan , Fijalkowska Daria , Sutter Delphine , Degroeve Sven , Martens Lennart , Mestdagh Pieter , Eyckerman Sven
Published: November 2021

Accumulating evidence highlights the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in cellular homeostasis, and their dysregulation in disease settings. Most lncRNAs function by interacting with proteins or protein complexes. While several orthogonal methods have been developed to identify these proteins, each method has its inherent strengths and limitations. Here, we combine two RNA-centric methods ChIRP-MS and RNA-BioID to obtain a comprehensive list of proteins that interact with the well-known lncRNA HOTAIR. Overexpression of HOTAIR has been associated with a metastasis-promoting phenotype in various cancers. Although HOTAIR is known to bind with PRC2 and LSD1 protein complexes, only very limited unbiased comprehensive approaches to map its interactome have been performed. Both ChIRP-MS and RNA-BioID data sets show an association of HOTAIR with mitoribosomes, suggesting that HOTAIR has functions independent of its (post-)transcriptional mode-of-action.
Diagnostic Value of a New Cryoprobe for Peripheral Pulmonary Lesions: A Prospective Study
Authors: Tanaka Midori , Matsumoto Yuji , Imabayashi Tatsuya , Kawahara Takuya , Tsuchida Takaaki
Published: November 2021

Background: Cryobiopsy is an established technique that yields larger and higher-quality samples than does a forceps biopsy. However, it remains underutilised in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs), mainly because of difficulties in handling conventional cryoprobes. A recently introduced single-use cryoprobe with a smaller diameter and more flexibility than conventional ones may improve its diagnostic ability for PPLs. We conducted this prospective study to evaluate the feasibility of transbronchial cryobiopsy in the diagnoses of PPLs, using a new 1.7-mm cryoprobe. Methods: The study included patients with PPLs less than 30 mm in diameter scheduled to undergo bronchoscopy. All the procedures were performed using a combination of virtual bronchoscopic navigation, radial endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS) and X-ray fluoroscopy, and all the samples were collected using the cryoprobe alone. Thereafter, we assessed the diagnostic outcomes and safety profiles.Results: A total of 50 patients were enrolled and underwent cryobiopsy. The median lesion size was 20.8 mm (range, 8.2–29.6 mm), and the negative bronchus sign was seen in 34% of lesions. The diagnostic yield was 94% (95% confidence interval, 83.5–98.8%). A positive bronchus sign had a significantly higher diagnostic yield than did a negative bronchus sign (100% vs. 82.4%; P=0.035). The yield was achieved regardless of other variables, including lesion size, location, and R-EBUS findings. The major complications were mild and moderate bleeding in 28% and 62% of patients, respectively. Pneumothorax was identified in one patient.Conclusion: Transbronchial cryobiopsy using the new 1.7-mm cryoprobe is a feasible procedure that has the potential to increase the diagnostic accuracy for PPLs.Trial Registration: Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCT1032200065. Registered 8 July 8 2020, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCT1032200065
Synergistic Degradation of Methylene Blue By Novel Fe-Co Bimetallic Catalyst Supported On Waste Silica in Photo-Fenton-Like System
Authors: Quiton Khyle Glainmer , Lu Ming-Chun , Huang Yao-Hui
Published: November 2021

The environment is affected by agricultural, domestic, and industrial activities that lead to drastic problems such as global warming and wastewater generation. Wastewater pollution is of public concern, making the treatment of persistent pollutants in water and wastewater highly imperative. Several conventional treatment technologies have been applied to water and wastewater remediation, but each has numerous limitations. To address this issue, treatment using bimetallic systems has been extensively studied. Synergistic effects between the two metals are highly desirable because they usually offer enhanced activity, selectivity, and stability relative to their monometallic counterparts. In this study, a novel method to fabricate bimetallic Fe-Co catalyst supported on waste silica was investigated for the treatment of methylene blue dye as model pollutant. Under the optimum conditions of pHi 3.0, 3.0 mM H2O2, 1.0 g L-1 Fe-Co/SiO2 catalyst, and 20 mg L-1 initial dye concentration, the maximum response for the decoloration and mineralization efficiencies of methylene blue were 100% and 64.57%, respectively. Superoxide radical was unveiled to be the dominant reactive oxygen species in the photo-Fenton-like system over Fe-Co/SiO2 catalyst. Compared to the contrastive catalyst, the Fe-Co/SiO2 synthesized using fluidized-bed crystallization exhibited comparable decoloration and mineralization efficiencies, and relatively lower metal leaching.
In Silico Prediction and Structure Based Multitargeted Molecular Docking Analysis of Selected Bioactive Compounds Against Mucormycosis
Authors: Madanagopal Premnath , Ramprabhu Nagarjun , Jagadeesan Rahul
Published: November 2021

Background: During the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, an unusual increase in cases of mucormycosis was observed in India, owing to immunological dysregulation caused by the SARS-CoV-2 and the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, particularly in patients with poorly controlled diabetes with ketoacidosisto have contributed to the rise and it has been declared an epidemic in several states of India.Because of the black colouring of dead and dying tissue caused by the fungus, it was dubbed "black fungus" by several Indian media outlets. In this study, attempts were taken to unmask novel therapeutic options to treat mucormycosis disease. Rhizopus species is the primary fungi responsible for 70% of mucormycosis cases.Results: We chose three important proteins from the Rhizopus delemar such as CotH3, Lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase and Mucoricin which plays a crucial role in the virulence of Mucorales. Initially, we explored the physiochemical, structural and functional insights of proteins and later using AutoDock Vina, we applied computational protein-ligand binding modelling to perform a virtual screening around 300 selected compounds against these three proteins, including FDA-approved drugs, FDA-unapproved drugs, investigational-only drugs, and natural bioactive compounds. ADME parameters, Toxicity risk and biological activity of those compounds were approximated via in silico methods. Our computational studies identified six ligands as potential inhibitors against Rhizopus delemar, including 12,28-Oxamanzamine A, vialinin B and deoxytopsentin for CotH3; pramiconazole and saperconazole for Lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase; and Hesperidin for Mucoricin. Interestingly, 12,28-Oxamanzamine A showed a maximum binding affinity with all three proteins(CotH3: -10.2 kcal/mol Lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase: -10.9 kcal/mol Mucoricin:-8.6 kcal/mol).Conclusions: In summary, our investigation identified 12,28-Oxamanzamine A, vialinin B, deoxytopsentin, pramiconazole, saperconazole and hesperidin as potent bioactive compounds for treating mucormycosis that may be considered for further optimization techniques and in-vitro and in-vivo studies.
Return of norovirus and rotavirus activities in winter 2020/21 in an Asian city with strict zero COVID-19 control strategy, Hong Kong, China
Authors: Chan Martin Chi-Wai
Published: November 2021

We observed active norovirus and rotavirus circulation in winter 2020/21 in Hong Kong while a variety of non-pharmaceutical interventions to eliminate COVID-19 were effective. The initial collateral benefit of countermeasures for COVID-19 to reduce viral gastroenteritis burden is not sustainable even in a city with continual zero COVID-19 control strategy.
FAIR, ethical, and coordinated data sharing for COVID-19 response: a review of COVID-19 data sharing platforms and registries
Authors: Maxwell Lauren , Shreedhar Priya , Dauga Delphine , McQuilton Peter , Terry Robert , Denisiuk Alisa , Molnar-Gabor Fruzsina , Saxena Abha , Sansone Susanna-Assunta
Published: November 2021

Data sharing is central to the rapid translation of research into advances in clinical medicine and public health practice. In the context of COVID-19, there has been a rush to share data, marked by an explosion of population- and discipline-specific resources for collecting, curating, and disseminating participant-level data. We present a comprehensive overview of COVID-19-related platforms and registries that harmonize and share participant-level clinical, OMICs, and imaging data and metadata, and describe how these initiatives map to best practice for ethical, equitable, and FAIR management of data resources. Data sharing resources were concentrated in high income countries and siloed by comorbidity, body system, and data type. Resources for sharing clinical data were less FAIR than those for sharing OMICs or imaging data. We review gaps and redundancies in COVID-19 data sharing efforts and outline recommendations to build on existing synergies and align with frameworks for effective and equitable data reuse.
A Competitive Volleyball Algorithm to Solve Global Optimization with the Engineering Problems
Authors: Sun Shuo , Ma Liang , Liu Yong
Published: November 2021

In real life, many engineering problems are nonlineble NP problems, in order to solve some of these problems, we put forward a competitive volleyball algorithm.The algorithm proposed in this paper is a meta-heuristic technique based on swarm optimization. It is inspired by the competition between volleyball teams in a league and the improvement in players’ overall abilities in order to win the Most Valuable Player award. Several specific terms relating to competition, such as pre-match reinforcement, single round robin mechanism, optimal strategy constitute the structure of the algorithm. The sensitivity of several parameters of the algorithm is analyzed and tested for three types of benchmark functions: unimodal, high-dimensional multimodal and low-dimensional multimodal functions. Through the use of these three types of test functions, the performance of this algorithm is compared with nine classical metaheuristic algorithms: Genetic Algorithm (GA), Differential Evolution (DE), Harmony Search (HS), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA), Soccer League Competition (SLC), League Championship Algorithm (LCA) and Volleyball Premier League (VPL). CVA has been used to solve three real-world engineering problems. The results show that the performance of the CVA is behaviorally promising and better than the other classical metaheuristic algorithms.
Object Detection in Deep Surveillance
Authors: Thakur Narina , Nagrath Preeti , Jain Rachna , Saini Dharmender , Sharma Nitika , Hemanth Jude
Published: November 2021

Object detection is a key ability required by most computer visions and surveillance applications. Pedestrian detection is a key problem in surveillance, with several applications such as person identification, person count and tracking. The number of techniques to identifying pedestrians in images has gradually increased in recent years, even with the significant advances in the state-of-the-art deep neural network-based framework for object detection models. The research in the field of object detection and image classification has made a stride in the level of accuracy greater than 99% and the level of granularity. A powerful Object detector, specifically designed for high-end surveillance applications, is needed that will not only position the bounding box and label it but will also return their relative positions. The size of these bounding boxes can vary depending on the object and it interacts with the physical world. To address these requirements, an extensive evaluation of the state-of-the-art algorithms has been performed in this paper. The work presented in this paper performs detections on MOT20 dataset using various algorithms and testing on a custom dataset recorded in our organization premises using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The experimental analysis has been performed on Faster-RCNN, SSD and YOLO models. The Yolov5 model is found to outperform all the other models with 61% precision and 44% of F measure value.
Geometrical Simulation Model for Milling of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Composites
Authors: Fu Xingyu , Song Kyeongeun , Kim Dong Min , Kang Zhengyang , Jun Martin Byung-Guk
Published: November 2021

This paper proposes a geometrical 3D milling simulation algorithm for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) milling. In this simulation model, milling tools are simplified into layers of circles while CFRP lami- nates are simplified into layers of Dexel lines, which can realize simulations for various complex milling conditions. Significant geometrical parameters, for ex- ample, cutting angle and cutting length, can be computed with high efficiency. With some geometry-related physical models, the machining results can be pre- dicted for the entire milling process. The effectiveness of this simulation model has been validated by the milling force prediction and the delamination pre- diction. The performance of this simulation model benefits industrial CFRP manufacturing and provides a new method for online or long-time-interval simulation of CFRP machining.
The Ten-year Risk Prediction for Cardiovascular Disease in the National Population (Globorisk) of Malaysian Adults
Authors: Musa Kamarul Imran , Nawi Che Muhammad Nur Hidayat Che , Omar Mohd. Azahadi , Keegan Thomas , Yu Yong Poh
Published: November 2021

Globorisk is a novel risk prediction model that predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the national population of all world countries. Using Malaysia's risk factor levels and CVD event rates, we calculated the laboratory-based and office-based risk scores to predict the 10-year risk for fatal CVD and fatal plus non-fatal CVD for the Malaysian adult population. We analysed data from 8253 participants from the 2015 nationwide Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS 2015). The average risk for the 10-year fatal and fatal plus non-fatal CVD was calculated, and participants were further grouped into four categories: Low Risk (<10% risk for CVD), High-Risk A (≥10%), High-Risk B (≥20%) and High-Risk C (≥30%). Results were reported for all participants and were then stratified by sex, race, region, and state. The average risks for laboratory-based fatal CVD, laboratory-based fatal plus non-fatal CVD and office-based fatal plus non-fatal CVD were 0.07 (SD = 0.10), 0.14 (SD = 0.12) and 0.11 (SD = 0.09), respectively. There were substantial differences in terms of the sex-, race- and state-specific Globorisk risk scores obtained.
Observations on the Curative Effect of a Holmium Laser Under a Flexible Ureteroscope in the Treatment of Endogenous Renal Cysts Combined with Renal Calculi
Authors: Cai Qi , Liao Kaisen
Published: November 2021

Background: To explore and analyse the curative effects of a holmium laser under a flexible ureteroscope in the treatment of endogenous renal cysts complicated with renal calculi. Methods: Seven patients with endogenous renal cysts and renal calculi were admitted to our hospital from April 2019 to April 2021. The renal calculi was smashed by a holmium laser under a flexible ureteroscope, and the kidney cysts were opened by holmium laser endotomy. Window decompression was performed, indwelling the ureteral double-J tube for 1 month after the operation. After 1 month, when the patient was hospitalized and the double-J tube was removed, a flexible ureteroscope was inserted into the renal pelvis to confirm the effect of window opening and lithotripsy, and CT or B-ultrasound was reviewed. Results: Among the 7 patients with endogenous renal cysts and kidney stones, one patient was scheduled to undergo an internal incision after successful lithotripsy. The renal cyst wall tissue was surrounded by the renal artery, and the internal incision was terminated. One patient had an unsuccessful lithotripsy due to the poor angle of the kidney stone but was successfully treated for the renal cyst. The remaining 5 patients successfully underwent lithotripsy and internal incision surgery, of which 2 cases had difficulty finding kidney cysts and stones during the operation and needed assistance in locating kidney cysts and kidney stones under B-ultrasound monitoring. The average operation time was 42 minutes. When the catheter was extubated, the diameter of the renal cyst window was 0.5 cm to 2.5 cm under a flexible ureteroscope. The stone discharge was fair. There were residual gravels in the lower calyx of the kidney in two patients, and the stone basket was removed. After extubation, the maximum diameter of the renal cyst was reduced by more than half by CT or B-ultrasound, the effect of fenestration and decompression was achieved, and there were no obvious residual stones. Conclusions: A holmium laser under a flexible ureteroscope has a reliable curative effect in the simultaneous treatment of endogenous renal cysts with kidney stones, with little damage, quick recovery, and low cost. It can be used as the first choice for the treatment of endogenous renal cysts with kidney stones.
A Hybrid Fuzzy Decision Making Approach for Sitting a Solid Waste Energy Production Plant
Authors: ALBAYRAK Kezban
Published: November 2021

The rapid and uncontrolled growth of the world's population technological developments, increase in the social welfare and the transformation of societies into consumer societies have changed the dimensions of environmental problems. Nowadays waste management has become an important issue for the solution of environmental problems. Hence, we discussed the municipal solid waste management. Municipal solid waste management problem is a complex and it has many different aspects as political, social, technological and economical criteria have to consider. The evaluation of these criteria numerically is complicated and vague. This paper deals with this complexity by proposed methodology. Also the contribution of the article to the literature is that the proposed methodology is applied for the first time in municipal solid waste management problems. In this paper two fuzzy decision making approaches are combined for sitting a waste to energy plant in the Kırıkkale in Turkey. Four alternative locations and nine criteria are defined from the expert opinions and the literature survey. A new hybrid methodology that has not been applied before for this decision problem is proposed. In proposed methodology, there are two main stages. Criteria weights determination is the first stage and ranking of the alternative locations is the second stage of the methodology. In first stage Interval type 2 Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy process (AHP) method is performed and in the second stage hesitant fuzzy Technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method is used for ranking the alternative locations. Also decision makers have different experience level and knowledge about the problem and different decision makers’ weights are considered for group decision making. Two fuzzy methods are combined for the solid waste energy production plant location selection problem. As a result of the study, the second alternative (Bahsılı-Bedesten) is determined as the most suitable area for waste to energy production plant. Besides, with scenario analysis the effect of criteria on ranking of the alternatives is analyzed.
Deep Learning Based Attack Detection in IIoT using Two-Level Intrusion Detection System
Authors: Raja Kathiroli , Karthikeyan Krithika , B Abilash , Dev Kapal , Raja Gunasekaran
Published: November 2021

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), also known as Industry 4.0, has brought a revolution in the production and manufacturing sectors as it assists in the automation of production management and reduces the manual effort needed in auditing and managing the pieces of machinery. IoT-enabled industries, in general, use sensors, smart meters, and actuators. Most of the time, the data held by these devices is surpassingly sensitive and private. This information might be modified, 1 stolen, or even the devices may be subjected to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack. As a consequence, the product quality may deteriorate or sensitive information may be leaked. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS), implemented in the network layer of IIoT, can detect attacks, thereby protecting the data and devices. Despite substantial advancements in attack detection in IIoT, existing works fail to detect certain attacks obfuscated from detectors resulting in a low detection performance. To address the aforementioned issue, we propose a Deep Learning-based Two Level Network Intrusion Detection System (DLTL-NIDS) for IIoT environment, emphasizing challenging attacks. The attacks that attain low accuracy or low precision in level-1 detection are marked as challenging attacks. Experimental results show that the proposed model, when tested against TON IoT, figures out the challenging attacks well and achieves an accuracy of 99.97%, precision of 95.62%, recall of 99.5%, and F1-score of 99.65%. The proposed DL-TLNIDS, when compared with state-of-art models, achieves a decrease in false alarm rate to 2.34% (flagging normal traffic as an attack) in IIoT.
Axiology of Mass Media: Problem Fields and Study Strategies
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Viktor A. Sidorov
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with the development of a new scientific subject, the axiology of mass media, which is, on the one hand, a practical discipline of philosophical theory of values, and on the other, a natural continuation of the recently developed axiology of journalism. The last one explores journalism as a source and retranslator of social values in all their subject and semantic diversity, and journalism itself as a social value, researching the principles and ways of assimilating of socio-cultural values by journalists, and the effectiveness and methods of their representation in the audience of media. The need to deepen the theory of value analysis of the media and to broaden the scope of study is caused by growing demands from society for understanding and evaluating the processes taking place in the modern media environment, which at present are not limited to the functioning of either traditional media or Internet publications. First, media processes have gained a certain and significant expansion due to the active invasion of the information space by the so-called “mass person”, the intensification of the presence in this space of former media figures – politicians, scientists, cultural figures, etc., the arrival of new ones – bloggers, regular authors of communities, etc. The content of the media environment got expanded – texts, music, videos, games; the number of media platforms increased – messengers, telegram channels, video hosting; the problem of interaction with artificial intelligence emerged. Second, it was due to the technological revolution in the information environment of society which has become digital and, thus, in its development has acquired a new quality. The value analysis of facts, phenomena and processes of digital media communications is one of the most important methods of satisfying society’s demands for new knowledge. Thus, the construction of mass media axiology is objectively predetermined. Consideration of the preconditions for the formation of a new scientific discipline is the subject of this study. The research is based on the study of philosophical discourse on axiology, as well as relevant publications by practitioners-journalists in their professional media.
“Time of the Barbarians”: The Phenomenon of Barbarism in the Film Brother 2 by Aleksey Balabanov
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Evgeniy O. Tretyakov
Published: November 2021

This article presents a look at Aleksey Balabanov’s program film Brother 2 (2000). The hero is the embodiment of the concept of “new barbarism”. The research methodology includes structural-semiotic, mythopoetic and motivational aspects of the analysis of the work of cinematography. Political and ethical meanings were revealed in the image of Danila Bagrov, but the research carried out clearly shows the features of a barbarian in him. Like the creator of Conan the Barbarian Robert Howard, Aleksey Balabanov states that it is the barbarian who is the hero of the current era. In a world that has “moved from its place”, this “new barbarian” brings unbending will and his own rigid moral guidelines. But if in the first film Brother barbarism looks advantageous, combining strength and ethics – even if insight does not occur, and the barbarian goes to conquer new lands, then in the second film of the diptych the hero goes through violence as usual, with cynicism. Formally, he wins, but existentially he fails. Therefore, the mighty force of the “new barbarian” manifests itself locally, in small ways and is realized in private confrontations. There is no worthy test for Bagrov’s heroism, because the world does not correspond to its scale, and therefore the hero is restless – the truly barbaric fullness of vitality does not protect against existential fear. The discrepancy between the attitudes of the barbarian hero and the position of the intellectual director unmasks the author’s alienation from the principles and common truths of the character and complicates the film with dramatic connotations. Keywords: Aleksey Balabanov, Brother 2, phenomenon of barbarism, existentialism, post- and-decolonial thought