bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Italian National Network of phytosanitary laboratories against pest mites: tool forbiosecurity of ‘farm to fork’ agricultural and forest products
Authors: FAGGIOLI FRANCESCO , SIMONI SAURO , GOGGIOLI DONATELLA , GUIDI SILVIA , TARCHI FRANCA , GAGNARLI ELENA , TURILLAZZI FRANCESCO , ROVERSI PIO FEDERICO
Published: November 2022

The incidence and impact of transboundary pests are exacerbating by climate change and globalization, leading to high turnover of emergence or re-emergence of new threats. Recent years and globally, they are more and more recognized as increasing and significant threats to sustainable food production and environmental protection.
Establishment and spread of the invasive mite, Tetranychus gloveri Banks (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae) in Kerala, India
Authors: BHASKAR HASEENA , MOHAN S. MELVIN , SREESHA M.
Published: November 2022

Tetranychus gloveri Banks was first recorded as Tetranychus okinawanus Ehara in India on an ornamental plant, Adenium obesum from Thrissur district, Kerala state, during 2016 (Zeity et al. 2016). Recently, Sharkey et al. (2022) synonymized T. okinawanus with T. gloveri based on morphological and molecular data. In Kerala, T. gloveri has emerged as a predominant species of mite infesting major agricultural and horticultural crops in the district (Arunima et al. 2018). In order to investigate the distribution and host range of the mite species in Kerala, periodical surveys were conducted in different agricultural ecosystems across the state during March 2020 to June 2022. Spider mite infested samples were collected from fruit crops, vegetables, ornamental plants, medicinal plants and other non-crop plants from different localities, kept in polythene bags. The GPS data of the locality and host plants were recorded. In the laboratory, a single gravid female from each sample was used to establish isoline culture providing unique accession number. Male and female specimens from each isoline culture were slide mounted on Hoyer’s medium and morphological characterization of the slide mounted mite specimens were carried to establish the species identity. Characters such as chaetotaxy of hysterosoma and legs, structure of empodium and pattern of dorsal striae between e1 and f1 of female were used for genus level identification, while the shape of male genitalia, aedeagus, was used for species level identification. In this study, T. gloveri was recorded from a wide host range of 35 host plants in 24 plant families viz., Malvaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Amaranthaceae, Rutaceae, Solanaceae, Musaceae, Moraceae, Anacardiaceae, Caricaceae, Adoxaceae, Rosaceae, Compositae, Gentianaceae, Convolvulaceae, Balsaminaceae, Orchidaceae, Asparagaceae, Goodeniaceae, Apocyanaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Oxalidaceae, Lamiaceae and Pontederiaceae. The mite species was distributed in seven districts covering northern, central and southern regions viz., Wayanad, Malappuram, Thrissur, Palakkad, Ernakulam, Alappuzha and Thiruvananthapuram districts of Kerala. Curry leaf, country kreat (Exacum bicolor), sunflower, Victoria corn plant (Dracaena sp.), Calotropis gigantea, little tree plant (Biophytum sensitivum), holy basil (Ocimum sanctum) and the aquatic pickerel weed (Monochoria vaginalis) are new host records for T. gloveri. The study confirms that the mite species has established and spread across Kerala by widening its host range and expanding its geographical area of distribution, within a short span after its introduction into the state.
Mite community assemblage in Italian traditional and in high-density olive groves
Authors: SIMONI SAURO , GARGANI ELISABETTA , GUIDI SILVIA , GOGGIOLI DONATELLA , GAGNARLI ELENA , ROVERSI PIO FEDERICO , FAGGIOLI FRANCESCO
Published: November 2022

Notwithstanding a still widespread and considerable weight of traditional olive groves throughout Italy, there is large interest in investing in new plantations, different both for cultivars and agronomic approaches, and to renew at least partially the olive-oil heritage. Furthermore, Italy is one of the main importing countries in the world of oil and table olives. To match the internal demand and boost olive-oil production, the National Olive Plan suggests adopting modern high-density plantations like other EU Countries (e.g., Spain). Traditional groves are partly replaced by high-density olive crops, which are more profitable due to substantially lower operating costs. Furthermore, the introduction of new olive crops may induce changes in agricultural landscape/agroecosystem (e.g., plain areas vs terraced structures), and may lead to undesirable effects on the environment and pest control. The surveys on the presence and abundance of the main animal groups in traditional and high-density olive crops can be informative, mainly referring to the different ecological/functional roles they can assume (phytophagous, predatory, and vectoring role of pathogens). Mite communities are susceptible to different types of plantation density and eventual environmental effects. Concerning olives, not so many contributions approached screening on the acarofauna, and previous screenings were mainly focused on soil. The characterization of the acarofauna resident on epigeic part of olive groves may be indicative about the status of the agroecosystem and effect of plantation densities.
Get a grip—claws of intertidal oribatid mites and their ecological relevance*
Authors: PFINGSTL TOBIAS , KERSCHBAUMER MICHAELA
Published: November 2022

Claws may be the most common biological attachment devices in the animal kingdom but relatively few studies have investigated the ecological and evolutionary significance of their specific morphology.
Distribution and phylogeographic patterns of intertidal oribatid mites along South African shores
Authors: PFINGSTL TOBIAS , BAUMANN JULIA , BARDEL-KAHR IRIS , NEETHLING JAN-ANDRIES , HUGO-COETZEE ELIZABETH A.
Published: November 2022

A faunistic study of the intertidal oribatid mite fauna of South Africa’s coastline revealed the presence of four species from three families, namely Halozetes capensis (Podacaridae), Fortuynia elamellata micromorpha (Fortuyniidae), Schusteria ugraseni and Selenoribates divergens (Selenoribatidae). A specific biogeographic pattern was observed coinciding with suggested marine biogeographic ecoregions corresponding with the cold Benguela Current slowly drifting northwards on the west coast and the warm, rapidly southwestward moving Agulhas Current on the east coast. Halozetes capensis is confined to the southern cooler warm-temperate Agulhas region, F. e. micromorpha and Sch. ugraseni to the eastern warmer subtropical Natal Ecoregion and Sel. divergens to the northeastern tropical Delagoa Ecoregion. Furthermore, CO1 gene sequences of H. capensis showed isolated populations and a distinct genetic structuring, while F. e. micromorpha showed gene flow between all populations and thus no distinct structure. The paleoenvironmental history and the ocean currents may be responsible for the observed patterns. During the last glacial maximum, the colder climate and the weakening of the Agulhas Current possibly resulted in a bottleneck in the warm adapted Fortuynia populations, but the subsequent global warming allowed the populations to expand again. The cold-adapted Halozetes populations experienced no dramatic changes during this period and thus could persist in the Agulhas Ecoregion. Considering transport on ocean currents, the Agulhas Current on the east coast could be further responsible for connectivity between Fortuynia populations, but the deflection on the south-eastern coast could support the isolation of the Halozetes populations. It is difficult to determine how individual populations may be influenced by climate change, but in general, with global warming induced changes in sea surface temperatures, warm adapted fortuyniid and selenoribatids can be expected to expand their ranges southward, while the distribution of the cold adapted podacarid might be reduced to a few southwestern coastal areas.
Why does Tetranychus evansi not threaten solanaceous vegetables in Japan?
Authors: GOTOH TETSUO , KAIDZUKA TAKASHI
Published: November 2022

The tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, was first found in Japan in Osaka and Kyoto, in 2001 (Ehara and Ohashi 2002). Since then, it has spread rapidly throughout southwest Japan from Kanto district (central Japan) to Okinawa (southernmost end of Japan) on solanaceous vegetables such as tomato and eggplant as well as solanaceous weeds such as Solanum carolinensis and S. nigrum. Although T. evansi frequently invades commercial fields of solanaceous vegetables, this species does not establish and is never an important pest nor a target of pest control. On the other hand, it is still a severe pest in southern Europe and Africa. Why does T. evansi not threaten solanaceous vegetables in Japan?
The genus Carpoglyphus (Acariformes: Carpoglyphidae)
Authors: ALIAKBARPOUR HAMASEH , FAN QING-HAI
Published: November 2022

The family Carpoglyphidae consists of six valid species in a single genus, Carpoglyphus Robin, 1869. Carpoglyphus lactis (Linnaeus, 1767) is a cosmopolitan species that has been recorded from dried fruits, beer, milk products, jams, honey and wine; C. munroi (Hughes, 1952) was found on dead insects (mainly blowflies and beetle larvae) trapped in cobwebs in a clock tower and in bat roosts in England, bee-hives in Czechoslovakia, and barn dust in Sweden; C. biaggioi (as Dichotomiopus biaggioi Fain & Camerik, 1978) only known from heteromorphic deutonymphs found in close association with two beetle species (Dichotomius anaglypticus (Scarabaeide) and Ischasia rufina (Cerambycidae)), in Brazil; C. sturmi Fain and Rack, 1987 in the flowers of Espeletia grandiflora, E. incana, E. sumapazii, Espeletiopsis corymbosa (Asteraceae) in Colombia; C. ganzhouensis Jiang, 1991 from the house dust and brown sugar residue in a slaughterhouse in China (taxonomic status uncertain); C. nidicolous Hubard and Fashing, 1996 from the nests of barn swallows (Hirundo rustica (Hirundinidae)) and cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota (Hirundinidae)) in a barn in Oregon, USA; C. wardleorum Clark, 2010 from sooty mould fungus Acrogenotheca sp. (Trichopeltinaceae) on the bark of black beech Nothofagus solandri in New Zealand. During a high-risk site surveillance at Kibimie, Wellington, New Zealand (accession number: T16_01895), we found an undescribed species from Cordyline kaspar (cabbage tree) infested with Balanococcus cordylinidis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and Tyrophagus curvipenis (Acari: Acariae). We compare the morphological characteristics of the new species with known species and provide a key to the species of Carpoglyphidae.
Molecular and morphological identification of Brevipalpus spp. (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) in Citrus sinensis, Costa Rica
Authors: DURÁN JACQUELINE ABARCA , ROJAS PAMELA MURILLO
Published: November 2022

The genus Brevipalpus presents interspecific variability since its description. Therefore, the question arises as to which species are found on citrus in Costa Rica. Molecular and morphological techniques are complementary tools that allow a more precise identification at the species level, which is important, some species of the genus Brevipalpus have been associated with virus transmission, such as Citrus leprosis virus.
Feather mites of the genus Proctophyllodes Robin, 1868 (Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from China
Authors: SUN LI-HUA , HE SHU-XIANG , LIU HUAI , WANG ZI-YING
Published: November 2022

The feather mite genus Proctophyllodes Robin, 1868 (Analgoidea: Proctophyllodidae) is the most speciose genus in this family, with 181 species placed in 12 species groups. Currently, only 13 species of Proctophyllodes from Passeriformes were recorded in China: P. anthi Vitzthum, 1922, P. ceratophyllus Atyeo & Braasch, 1966, P. garrula Wang, Wang & Su, 2014, P. canora Wang, Wang & Su, 2014, P. scleroticus Zhang, Chen & Wang, 2021, P. glandarinus Atyeo & Braasch, 1966, P. flexuosa Wang, Wang & Su, 2014, P. troncatus Robin, 1877, P. sinensis Gaud & Atyeo, 1976 stat. n., P. vegetans Trouessart, 1899, P. brevis Wang, Wang & Su, 2014, P. weigoldi Vitzthum, 1922 and P. micrurus Zhang, Chen & Wang, 2021. Herein we describe one new species and redescribe P. weigoldi Vitzthum, 1922 from a newly recorded host for the genus Proctophyllodes from two passerines in China, Ixos mcclellandii (Horsfield) (Pycnonotidae) and Poecile montanus (Baldenstein) (Paridae).
Bio-efficacy of Tagetes minuta L. against Tetranychus truncatus Ehara (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae)
Authors: ASHISH V.V. , BHASKAR HASEENA , SREELATHA U. , DEEPTHY K.B.
Published: November 2022

Tetranychus truncatus is the predominant species of spider mite infesting vegetable crops in Kerala (Bennur et al., 2015). The mite management in Kerala largely depends on the use of synthetic acaricides. However, extensive use of synthetic pesticides over decades has led to several adverse effects on environment and non-target organisms. Plants and plant-based products are receiving considerable attention worldwide for their utilization and applications in pest management. The Mexican marigold, Tagetes minuta L. (Asteraceae), has been reported to contain the chemicals 5-(3-buten-1-ynyl) 2, 2-bithienyl and alpha therthienyl, which have pesticidal properties (Morallo-Rejesus and Decena, 1982). A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Tagetes minuta against the spider mite, Tetranychus truncatus. The solvent extracts (hexane, chloroform and water) of T. minuta were evaluated separately against eggs and gravid females of T. truncatus at five different concentrations viz., 0.025, 0.05, 0.1,0.15 and 0.2 per cent. To evaluate the ovicidal effect, ten gravid females were released on mulberry leaf bit (5×5 cm) placed in Petri plate lined with moistened cotton and allowed for egg laying. The adults were removed after 24 h and 25 eggs were retained per leaf bit.  The solvent extracts were applied on the leaf bits with eggs using hand atomizer and observed for egg hatchability at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of spraying and per cent mortality of egg was calculated. To evaluate the adulticidal activity, mulberry leaf bits were dipped in solvent extracts for 30 seconds, air dried and placed in a Petri plate lined with moistened cotton. Twenty-five gravid females were released to the leaf bit and adult mortality was recorded after 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h of treatment and per cent mortality was calculated. The extracts varied significantly in their ovicidal and adulticidal effects. Among the different extracts, 0.2 % hexane extract was found to be significantly superior in ovicidal activity over other treatments and recorded 100 per cent mortality at 120 h after treatment. This was followed by 0.15 and 0.1 per cent hexane extracts which recorded 81.33 and 53.33 per cent egg mortality, respectively. The hexane extracts 0.2 % and 0.15 % were found to be significantly superior over other treatments, recording 93.33 and 92 per cent adult mortality, respectively within 120 h of application. This was followed by 0.2 % chloroform and 0.1 % hexane extracts, recording 73.33 and 72.00 per cent mortality, respectively. These results indicate that Mexican marigold possess excellent acaricidal properties and the hexane and chloroform extracts of the plant can be explored for further utilization in the management of spider mites.
Status of abamectin resistance and mechanisms in Tetranychus urticae in China
Authors: ZHANG YAN , XU DANDAN , WANG SHAOLI
Published: November 2022

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is an important agricultural pest worldwide. It is prone to evolve resistance to pesticides, including organophosphates, pyrethroids, and some newly developed compounds (Xu et al., 2018; Alpkent et al., 2020), due to the frequent pesticide spray and the biological characteristics of T. urticae, such as short life cycle and parthenogenesis, etc. There is no doubt that the development of pesticide resistance and unclear resistant mechanisms have impeded the chemical control and resistance management of T. urticae in the field.
Ceramidase is involved in the development and reproduction of Panonychus citri
Authors: ZHANG XIAOJING , KONG XINYAN , YANG CUI , LIU WENQI , ZOU ZHIWEN , XIA BIN , XIN TIANRONG
Published: November 2022

As the second largest lipid, sphingolipids play an important role in the growth and development of organisms. However, due to the complexity and diversity of their molecular structures, the knowledge about the structure and function of sphingolipids remians unclear for many insects and mites. Ceramidase, as an important sphingolipid substance, maintains cell survival by regulating the dynamic balance between ceramide and sphingosine. In order to study the role of ceramidase in the growth and development of Panonychus citri, the full-length cDNA sequence of ceramidase (CDase) gene was cloned by RT-PCR combined with RACE technology for the first time. The results showed that the full-length of Ceramidase cDNA sequence was 1841 bp , including a 164-bp 5′-UTR, a 1572-bp ORF , and a 105-bp 3-UTR and encodes a deduced protein of 523 amino acids. Amino acid sequence alignment showed that CDase gene had the highest homology with that of Tetranychus urticae and the closest genetic relationship with it. In addition, quantitative analysis using RT-qPCR of the gene expression levels of CDase during different developmental stages demonstrated that the CDase gene was expressed during all developmental stages of P. citri, and the relative expression in larvae was significantly higher than those in other stages. Furthermore, RNAi technology was used to silence CDase gene of P. citri, and the corresponding expression and mortality analysis were observed under different concentration gradients (1500ng/ul, 2000ng/ul, 2500ng/ul) and time gradients (24h, 48h). The dsRNA treatment of CDase gene showed a decrease in gene expression. Compared with the control group, the gene expression of CDase in the dsRNA treatment at 2000 ng/ul decreased by 72%, and the mortality rate of adult females increased by 40%. Furthermore, CDase genes treated with dsRNA also decreased by 78% within 48 hours. In general, the interference effect of dsRNA at 2000 ng/ul and 48h was the best, compared with the control group. Our findings will provide insight into the molecular mechanisms regulating lipid metabolism in P. citri.
Towards RNAi-mediated pest mite management: Ingestion, cellular uptake, and intracellular processing of long dsRNAs
Authors: SUZUKI TAKESHI , ARAI YUKA , TAKEDA NAOKI , HAMDI FATEN ABDELSALAM , GHAZY NOURELDIN ABUELFADL
Published: November 2022

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) as a trigger of RNAi-mediated sequence-specific gene silencing is a promising next-generation pesticide that could enable selective pest control ultimately at the species level. The discovery that orally administrated dsRNA induces RNAi in the two-spotted mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae), has led to a dramatic increase in research toward the development of RNAi-based biopesticides for spider mites.
Biological control potential of Pyemotes zhonghuajia Yu, Zhang & He (Prostigmata: Pyemotidae)
Authors: SONG YAN-FEI , YE SHUAI , TIAN TAI-AN , CHEN YI-CHAI , YANG MAO-FA , LIU JIAN-FENG
Published: November 2022

Summary: Pyemotes zhonghuajia Yu, Zhang & He is an ectoparasitic mite of various pests. Our studies found that P. zhonghuajia could kill Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith), Mythimna separata (Walker), and Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) at different developmental stages. Through an integrated approach of lipidomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, we explored the immune response of S. frugiperda parasitized by P. zhonghuajia. In order to explore toxin proteins of P. zhonghuajia, we mined toxin genes by combining genome and transcriptome.
Effects of flour mites feeding on powders of two insects and yeast on the life parameters of Stratiolaelaps scimitus
Authors: YAN YI , ZHANG SHUO , CHEN MENGLEI , XIE LIXIA
Published: November 2022

Stratiolaelaps scimitus is a polyphagous and soil-dwelling predatory mite that has been commercialized and widely used to control small pest insects and mites (Knapp et al. 2018; Xie et al. 2018). This mite can prey on acaroid mites (Park et al. 2021), thrips pupae (Zhang 2019), fungus gnat (Enkegaard et al. 1997), Drosophila eggs or larvae (Wang 2010) and bee mites (Rondeau et al. 2019) etc. As a kind of natural enemy with great potential, its artificial mass-production is very important, and large-scale population breeding of this mite is the premise of its commercial production and application. The nutritional level of substitute prey or diets is closely related to the growth, development and reproduction of predatory mites (Zhang et al. 2020; 2021). Therefore, the reproductive capacity and biological characteristics of predatory mites can be improved by improving the nutritional level of substitute prey or diets.
A new species of the genus Gaeolaelaps Evans & Till (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) from China
Authors: ZHANG SHUO , LIU KAI , WAN ZIXUAN , LU WENZHI , XIE LIXIA , YAN YI
Published: November 2022

As members of the family Laelapidae, Gaeolaelaps species are generally acknowledged from litter and edaphic habitats (Joharchi 2019; 2022). The taxonomic history of Gaeolaelaps is complicated and long-term (Halliday & Lindquist 2007). Gaeolaelaps was first defined by Evans and Till (1966) and used to be a subgenus of Hypoaspis (Halliday & Lindquist 2007; Beaulieu 2009). Prior to this paper, the genus Gaeolaelaps consisted of more than 120 described species (Nemati & Mohseni 2013; Kazemi 2020), with 20 species reported from China (Yan et al. 2018). Herein, a new species of Gaeolaelaps Evans & Till, 1966, Gaeolaelaps sp. nov. is described from adult females collected in soil under the Osmanthus trees in Jiangxi Province, China.
A probabilistic model predicting host specificity and host range expansion in mites parasitic on mammals
Authors: KLIMOV PAVEL B. , PEDROSO LUIZ G. A. , HE QIXIN
Published: November 2022

The emergence of new mammalian diseases through the switching of parasitic organisms to novel hosts has significant wildlife, livestock, and human health impacts, however, new host switches are notoriously difficult to predict. The factors influencing the host switches are not fully understood because complete unbiased large-scale datasets of host-parasite relationships are lacking. Building a large-scale model to identify these factors and predict potential host switching (host range expansion) could hold substantial benefits from theoretical and applied perspectives (e.g., disease emergence prediction). Here we analyzed a large, curated database of host-parasite relationships of 1906 species of acariform mites forming permanent associations with 1235 species of mammals, including humans, and built a probabilistic predictive model of host-specificity for these mites. There was a total of 3,125 unique host-parasite records.
Cheylostigmaeus pannonicus Willmann (Acariformes, Stigmaeidae): a new mite record for Turkey
Authors: DOĞAN SALİH , FAN QING-HAI
Published: November 2022

Members of the genus Cheylostigmaeus Willmann are found in a variety of habitats including soil, grassy soil, litter, moss and lichen (Fan et al., 2016), and are presumed to be free-living predators (Summers & Ehara, 1965; Koç, 2005). Up to now, 35 species of Cheylostigmaeus are known in the world (Fan et al., 2016; Doğan & Doğan, 2022); eight of them, C. californicus Summers & Ehara, C. mirabilis Wood, C. occultatus Doğan & Doğan, C. salinus Evans, C. salmani Koç, C. tarae Khanjani, C. urhani Dönel & Doğan and C. variatus Doğan, Dilkaraoğlu & Fan, are reported from Turkey (Doğan, 2019; Doğan & Doğan, 2022). With this study, an additional member of the genus, viz. Cheylostigmaeus pannonicus Willmann is added to the acarofauna of Turkey. Within the scope of the study, six male specimens found in grassy soil from Erzincan province (39°43’22.03”N 39°37’22.03”E, 1149 m, 26 October 2017) were examined and identified as Cheylostigmaeus pannonicus. This species was previously known from Austria, China, Germany, Slovakia, Switzerland, Ukraine and USA (Fan et al., 2016; Beron, 2020). This species can be recognized by having three pairs of aggenital setae in both sexes, broad rostral lamellae, each deeply incised to form two cusps (Fig. 1A), and aedeagus bearing bulb in male (Fig. 1B).
Two cases of structural anomalies on dorsal podosomal shields in Raphignathus gracilis (Rack) (Acariformes: Raphignathidae)
Authors: DOĞAN SALİH , FAN QING-HAI , UĞURLU ŞİFANUR , ÖZBEK HASAN HÜSEYİN , ERMAN ORHAN
Published: November 2022

Raphignathus gracilis (Rack, 1962) (Raphignathidae) is a widely distributed species and has been recorded from many countries including Turkey (Koç & Ayyıldız 1996; Doğan 2003, 2019; Beron 2020; Mohammad-Doustaresharaf & Kazemi 2022). It can be recognized by having 2 setae on palp femur, 2 pairs of setae on interscutal membrane of idiosoma, no obvious small platelets posteriad of median podosomal shield, 3 pairs of genital setae and 3 setae on femur IV in female (Fan & Yin 2000; Doğan et al. 2019).
Transcriptome analysis in spider mite Tetranychus turkestani doubly infected with Cardinium and Wolbachia
Authors: CUI DAN-DAN , WANG XIN-LEI
Published: November 2022

Endosymbiotic bacteria Cardinium and Wolbachia play an important role in the growth and development of mites. However, the mechanisms of their reproductive manipulations in host mites, especially inducing cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), is still unclear. In the study, transcriptional responses of a spider mite, Tetranychus turkestani, jointly infected with Cardinium and Wolbachia, were analyzed based on RNA-Seq. Potential target genes of reproductive regulation and inducing CI were identified with functions and metabolism pathways, especially detoxification metabolic processes, redox processes, as well as reproductive and immune-related pathways, while the mites uninfected with Cardinium and Wolbachia were used as the control for comparative transcriptome analysis. Our transcriptional outputs provide a rich resource for the mechanisms of double infection on reproduction manipulation of mites, and can be explored in detail in symbiotic interactions between microbes and their multicellular hosts.
Non-consumptive effects of predation risk on prey population regulations: empirical evidence from the invasive spider mite Tetranychus ludeni
Authors: RISTYADI DWI , HE XIONG Z. , WANG QIAO
Published: November 2022

Tetranychus ludeni Zacher is an invasive pest from Europe. It infests more than 300 plant species, including many economically important crops such as bean Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabales: Fabaceae), eggplant Solanum melongena L. (Solanales: Solanaceae), and many other cucurbitaceous plants. Gotoh et al. (2015) predict that this species could replace T. urticae to become a major crop pest in the world. It is often assumed that the success of biological control using predators is achieved through direct predation. However, it is still largely unknown whether predation risk could contribute to the effectiveness of prey biological control. In the present study we investigated the effects of cues from the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis and killed T. ludeni on life history traits and offspring fitness of T. ludeni, providing novel knowledge for evaluation of the non-consumptive contribution to the biological control of T. ludeni and for future development of new spider mite control methods using these cues. We demonstrated that the cues from the predators and killed prey shortened the longevity by more than 23% and oviposition period by more than 35% and reduced the number of eggs laid by more than 31% in T. ludeni females. These cues also significantly reduced the intrinsic rate of increase and net population growth rate and prolonged the time to double the population size. Furthermore, in response to predator cues females significantly delayed their lifetime production of daughters and laid significantly smaller eggs. Offspring from predator-exposed mothers developed significantly more slowly. Our findings strongly suggest that the non-consumptive mortality caused by cues from both predators and killed prey can significantly reduce prey fitness, suppressing their population and lowering their damage to crops. The earlier prey death caused by these cues could result from the energic costs of natural enemy avoidance (Luong et al. 2017), decrease of foraging rate or food intake (Hermann & Thaler 2014) and increase of oxidative damage (Janssens & Stoks 2013). The present study partially supports previous reports that non-consumptive impacts of predation risk on prey are transgenerational (Tariel et al. 2020). Our study provides critical information for evaluation of biological control effectiveness using predators and paves the way for identification of chemical odors from the predator and killed prey and development of new materials and methods for the control of spider mite pests.
Coordinated application of phytoseiids and other biological control agents on management of different pest insect species: a case of ecostacking
Authors: HU XIAODONG , YUAN JINGE , CHEN GANG , DING YISHU , CAO JINGDONG , FU GUORUN , ZHAO ZHENGXIONG , LI YAYING , LIU HUAI
Published: November 2022

Ecostacking, maximising the benefts of ecosystem services, implies to combine in an additive or synergistic manner the beneficial services of functional biodiversity from all levels and types (Hokkanen and Menzler-Hokkanen, 2018). Historically, studies of biological control focused on interactions between different prey species and shared predators, or that among target prey and different predators (El-laithy et al., 2021; Hao et al., 2021). Amblyseuis swirskii was a predominant predator against small sap-sucking pests including whiteflies and thrips (Rahimi et al., 2022). In this study, we conducted a coordinated management strategies utilizing the phytoseiid mite A. swirskki, the predatory bug Eocanthecona furcellata and the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana, to control the major pest insects of tobacco planting areas in Southwestern China, including Bemisia tabaci, Thrips tabaci, Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa assulta.
Multifunctionality of soil food webs
Authors: POTAPOV ANTON M.
Published: November 2022

Soil food webs regulate functioning, ensure stability and support biodiversity both below and above ground. Structure of feeding interactions in soil food webs is shaped by complex size and spatial organization of soil life, and diverse adaptations of soil-dwelling consumers. Strengths of the feeding interactions between consumers and their resources can be quantitatively expressed in ‘energy fluxes’, reflecting trophic functions such as herbivory, microbivory, or predation. Multiple energy fluxes support multiple trophic-related functions and thus support multiple functions at the ecosystem level. I will show how we can use traits of soil consumers to reconstruct network topology of soil food webs and quantify energy fluxes along their resource, size, and spatial dimensions (Potapov 2022). I will then introduce “trophic multifunctionality” i.e. simultaneous support of multiple trophic functions by the food web (analogous to ecosystem multifunctionality) as an approach to calculate a number of quantitative food-web indicators and compare them across systems. With further validation, trait and energy flux approaches would allow to embrace functioning of soil communities from microorganisms to large animals and in perspective use this knowledge to actively manage soil functioning.
Combined application of Stratiolaelaps scimitus and Beauveria bassiana granules for control of soil-dwelling stage of Frankliniella occidentalis
Authors: WU SHENGYONG , SUN WEINAN , ZHANG XINGRUI , XU XUENONG , LEI ZHONGREN
Published: November 2022

Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is a pest of global importance in agricultural and horticultural crops. F. occidentalis populations comprise of all different life stages (egg, larvae, prepupae, pupae and adults) under natural conditions. This thrips species typically pupates and spends about one-third of their life cycle in the soil. Their cryptic habit and high reproductive rate make them difficult to control. Compared to attempts to control thrips on the foliage, there is a new idea to control thrips when their pupal stage is still underground, thereby interrupting the thrips life cycle before they have the chance to emerge as adults.
The impact of 12 years of biological control on soil microbiome and microfauna composition and functions in tea plantations
Authors: LIN GONGYU , MOROENYANE ITUMELENG , SHANGGUAN HUAYUAN , SUN XIN
Published: November 2022

Synthetic pesticides were introduced to China in the 1940s and have become essential to increasing crop yield. They are now commonly applied across all agricultural landscapes. However, little is known about how the long-term pesticide use is affecting belowground communities and what impact pesticide residues are having on soil health. We investigated how pest management practice influence soil biota and overall yield. Soil samples were compared across tea farms that had different levels of pest management strategies: biocontrol, pesticide use, unmanaged over 12 years. DNA was extracted from the bulk soil underneath the canopy and subjected to 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA genes, ITS amplicon sequencing, qPCR quantification of the community and functional genes involved in the N-cycle. Additionally, the abundance and diversity of soil mites were recorded using traditional methods. The results highlighted that there were significant differences in edaphic properties including total nitrogen, total organic carbon, pH, phosphorus and levels of several pesticides across all treatments. Overall, there were distinct microbial communities associated with each treatment and diversity patterns were significantly influenced by management strategies. Across all gene regions, there was variation in the relative abundance of dominant taxa across treatment. Management influenced the abundance of N-cycling genes with an increased abundance of amoA and nirK in biocontrol and unmanaged farms. Interestingly, we found an increased abundance of fungal pathotrophs in the pesticide treatment. We also found that mite compositions and densities were different across all management strategies. The overall mite density and that of Rhodacaroidea were highest in the pesticide treatment and lowest in the unmanaged farm soil. This work aims to improve our understanding of pest management strategies from a soil biota point of view, to enhance soil health and to promote sustainable tea productions.
Preface to the Proceedings of the XVI International Congress of Acarology
Authors: ZHANG ZHI-QIANG
Published: November 2022

Preface
Plant mite bioinvasions as a rising challenge to crop protection
Authors: NAVAJAS MARIA
Published: November 2022

Crop protection confronts several defies often related to globalisation, one of which is the introduction of new pests from one region, or even from one continent to another, often resulting from movements of humans and commodities. Together with environmental modifications linked to climate change, which might also favor bioinvasions, these are some of the key challenges agriculture increasingly has to face.
Phytophagous mite invasions in Latin America and Europe—lessons learnt from the last three decades
Authors: NAVIA DENISE
Published: November 2022

Phytophagous mites are among those arthropods that can become invasive pests severely affecting host plants in both agricultural systems and natural environments. In addition to the direct damages caused by high populations they can act as vectors of major plant pathogens, especially viruses.
Biocontrol of Brevipalpus yothersi in Florida
Authors: CARRILLO DANIEL , SA ARGOLO POLIANE , VECHIA JAQUELINE F. DELLA , DE ANDRADE DANIEL JUNIOR , REVYNTHI ALEXANDRA M. , DÖKER ISMAIL , RODA AMY L.
Published: November 2022

Brevipalpus yothersi is the main vector of Cileviruses (CiLV-C and CiLV-C2) that cause citrus leprosis disease in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and other places in South and Central America. This mite is also present in Florida, where it was recently found vectoring a strain of Citrus leprosis virus 2 (CiLV-C2H) that infects hibiscus. Management of B. yothersi has been focused on chemical control, however, reports of B. yothersi resistance to acaricides indicate the need for an integrated pest management approach.
The lychee erinose mite (Aceria litchii): pest status and management in Florida
Authors: REVYNTHI ALEXANDRA M. , ATAIDE LIVIA M. S. , CANON MARIA-ALEJANDRA , VECHIA JAQUELINE F. DELLA , ANDRADE DANIEL J. , KENDRA PAUL E. , TABANCA NURHAYAT , HAMMOND JOHN , OCHOA RONALD , CARRILLO DANIEL
Published: November 2022

The lychee erinose mite (LEM) (Aceria litchii) is an important pest of lychee. This minute mite prefers to feed on young new flush, causing the formation of hypertrophic trichomes, known as erinea. In Brazil, LEM has been reported to cause 80% yield reduction.
Phenology and effects of relative humidity and temperature on Phyllocoptes fructiphilus*
Authors: JOSEPH SHIMAT V. , MONTERROSA ALEJANDRA , PARET MATHEWS L. , OCHOA RONALD , ULSAMER ANDREW
Published: November 2022

Rose rosette disease (RRD) is a serious rose disease in North America. RRD is caused by rose rosette virus transmitted by Phyllocoptes fructiphilus (Acari: Eriophyidae).
Intraguild predation between two predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudemans (Phytoseiidae) and Blattisocius dentriticus Berlese (Blattisociidae)
Authors: GU XINYAO , ZHANG KESHI , ZHANG ZHI-QIANG
Published: November 2022

Different species not only can compete with each other for food and space but also prey on competitors. Intraguild predation is where individuals prey on other competing species. Nevertheless, intraguild predation may cause adverse influence between biocontrol agents targeting the same pest. The generalist predator Blattisocius dentriticus recently invaded and excluded our culture of Neoseiulus cucumeris. Additionally, the presence of B. dentriticus females’ cues has prolonged the development time and consumption of N. cucumeris males (Gu et al., 2022). Therefore, the potential for intraguild predation between the two predatory mites, N. cucumeris and B. dentriticus, was investigated. Laboratory experiments were conducted using a no-choice test and a population test in the presence of their shared prey, Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank. Like other phytoseiid species, intraguild predation between N. cucumeris and B. dentriticus is mutual though they are asymmetric in size. Blattisocius dentriticus was larger than N. cucumeris, based on their dorsal shield lengths of the same sex and life stage, and superior than N. cucumeris in intraguild predation. In the no-choice test, B. dentriticus adults consumed N. cucumeris at all life stages, while N. cucumeris adults (i.e. females) preyed only on immature B. dentriticus. Body size was found to be a major factor affecting the direction of intraguild predation: intraguild predators were larger than intraguild prey they consumed. In the population experiment, B. dentriticus eliminated N. cucumeris despite the different starting populations of the two species. Our laboratory study suggests that B. dentriticus may adversely impact N. cucumeris through direct (i.e. intraguild predation) and indirect interactions.
Early life experience of intraguild predation risk shifts the personalities of predatory mites along the shy-bold axis
Authors: SCHAUSBERGER PETER , NGUYEN THI HANH , ALTINTAS MUSTAFA
Published: November 2022

Animal personalities are defined as within-individual consistency and consistent among-individual variation in behavior across time and contexts (Biro & Stamps 2008). Typical categories of behavioral traits used to characterize animal personalities are activity, aggressiveness, boldness, exploration, and sociability (Reale et al. 2007).
Avoidance of ant chemical traces by spider mites
Authors: YANO SHUICHI , KONISHI MAYU , AKINO TOSHIHARU
Published: November 2022

Because of the strong predation pressure exerted by ants, small arthropods have developed various strategies of avoiding ant predation (Way 1963; Jennings 1971; Akino et al. 1999; Otsuki & Yano 2014). Spider mites become easy prey for ants when they leave their protective webs (Otsuki & Yano 2014; Adachi & Yano 2017); therefore, the ability to avoid traces of ongoing ant activity should confer a selective advantage to mites.
Modelling the potential distribution of ticks in China: past trends and future changes
Authors: YANG XIN , LI SEN
Published: November 2022

Ticks are known as vectors of various pathogens causing zoonotic diseases, such as Lyme borreliosis, tick-borne encephalitis, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. While China is known to have recorded more than 100 tick species over the country, knowledge of the pattern and determinants of ticks’ potential distribution under climate change remains very limited, hindering the development of preventing and controlling the risk of tick-borne diseases.
Topographic Trapping of the Leeuwin Current and Its Impact on the 2010/11 Ningaloo Niño
Authors: Feng Xue , Shinoda Toshiaki , Han Weiqing
Published: November 2022

Previous theoretical studies suggest that the topography along the west coast of Australia plays an important role in strengthening and trapping the Leeuwin Current (LC) at the coast. To isolate and quantify the effect of the continental shelf and slope on the LC and Ningaloo Niño, high-resolution (1/12°) ocean general circulation model experiments with different bottom topographies are performed. The “control” experiment uses a realistic bottom topography along the west coast of Australia, whereas the sensitivity (“no-shelf”) experiment uses a modified topography with no continental shelf and slope near the coast. The mean and variability of LC are realistically simulated in the control experiment. Compared to the control experiment, the strength of LC in the no-shelf experiment decreased by about 28%. The continental shelf influences the development of the 2010/11 Ningaloo Niño through modulating the LC variability: in August–October 2010 and January–February 2011, the LC in the control experiment is enhanced much more than that in the no-shelf experiment. As a result, the upper-50-m ocean temperature in the control experiment is about 26% warmer than the no-shelf experiment from September 2010 to March 2011. Different evolution of SST warming is also found in the two experiments. Comparisons of oceanic processes in the two experiments show that the shelf-slope topography can effectively trap the positive sea level anomaly at the coast in the control experiment while more Rossby waves radiate from the coast in the no-shelf experiment, resulting in a weaker LC.
China in and out of World Anthropologies: Epistemic Politics Amidst Historical Ironies and Contemporary Realities
Authors: Zhan Yang
Published: November 2022

Since the early 2000s, scholars have proposed the notion of “world anthropologies” to expose the pluralistic nature of anthropology, and to counter the colonial legacy embedded in knowledge production. This paper discusses how anthropological knowledge in and of China contributes to, is distant from, and challenges, such intellectual movement at both intellectual and institutional levels. First, unlike Western anthropology which shifts from colonialism to liberalism and then to postcolonialism, anthropology in China began with a progressive agenda of anti-colonialism, and then leaned toward liberalism. In the context of China’s rise, “China” has been further embroiled in a puzzle of imperialism. This reversed ideological tendency contributes to the disorientation of the critical energy in anthropology focused on China. Second, just as China has taken an active role in the competition for education and research in a globalized, yet uneven academia through discipline construction, anthropology in the West, particularly the United States, has become provincialized in terms of its intellectual agendas. Many of the younger generation of Chinese anthropologists have become stuck in the disjuncture, struggling to channel their critical energy through engaged scholarship, both within and beyond academic institutions. The epistemic politics in and of China, at both the intellectual and institutional levels, reveals that the post-socialist condition deserves to be reference points in world anthropologies. If decolonization posits treating plural standpoints as equal, then being counted in the decolonizing efforts necessitates subscribing to the dominant framework. Thus, more attention to the post-socialist condition, and ultimately the pluralization of the reference points of political potency, should truly pluralize, and ultimately decolonize, anthropology.
Mental Health of Canadian Children Growing Up in Military Families: The Child Perspective
Authors: Williams Ashley , Cramm Heidi , Khalid-Khan Sarosh , Reddy Pappu , Groll Dianne , Rühland Lucia , Hill Shannon
Published: November 2022

A recent scoping review indicated military-connected children face stressors that may increase mental health issues. However, the majority of the included literature was American. To examine the experiences of Canadian military-connected children, we conducted in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of Canadian military-connected youth using a qualitative description approach. We conducted a content analysis on interview data, supported by qualitative data analysis software (MAXQDA), with coding done by two researchers who met regularly to discuss coding agreement. Thirteen children in military families participated and described the mental health impact of frequent mobility, parental absence, and risk of parental injury. The experiences of our participants were consistent with the results of an earlier scoping review on this topic. Our results suggest improving military cultural competence among health care providers and enhancing parental support may positively impact child well-being. More research is needed to understand resilience and vulnerability among Canadian military-connected children.
Determinants of macrosomia among newborns delivered in northwest Ethiopia: a case–control study
Authors: Adugna Amanuel , Workineh Yinager , Tadesse Fikir , Alemnew Fentahun , Dessalegn Nigatu , Kindie Kassa
Published: November 2022

Objective

Macrosomia is associated with the risk of mortality and morbidity in neonates and their mothers. Despite the considerable public health effect of macrosomia, evidence on the determinants of macrosomia is limited in Northwest Ethiopia in general and in Amhara region in particular. Therefore, this study aimed to identify determinants of macrosomia among newborns delivered in referral hospitals in 2020 in Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods

A facility-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among 279 mothers and their newborns in Amhara region referral hospitals. Newborns weighing 4000 g and above and between 2500 and 3999 g were considered cases and controls, respectively. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression were used to identify the determinants of macrosomia.

Results

In total, 273 of 279 mothers and their newborns (97.8% response rate) were included. The mean birth weights of cases and controls were 4312.97 ± 357.53 g and 3161.92 ± 452.12 g, respectively. Weight gain over pregnancy, antenatal follow up, physical activity during pregnancy, and neonate sex were the main determinants of macrosomia.

Conclusion

The main determinants of macrosomia were determined in this study. Government should place special emphasis on reducing the modifiable factors of macrosomia.