bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tanggung Jawab Asuransi Jasa Raharja Terhadap Korban Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Jalan Raya Berdasarkan Undang-Undang No. 34 Tahun 1964
Authors: Kamal P Maulana
Published: December 2022

Eksistensi PT Jasa Raharja (Persero) dalam menyalurkan santunan asuransi jasa raharja terhadap korban/ahliwaris korban kecelakaan di jalan raya sangat penting dan strategis kedudukannya. Sehingga dengan demikian maka, Tanggung Jawab Perusahaan Asuransi Jasa Raharja Terhadap Korban Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Di Jalan Raya, sangatlah penting untuk di cermati dan di pahami secara lebih mendalam. Permasalahan sebagai berikut : Bagaimanakah pelaksanaan Undang-undang No. 33 Tahun 1964 Tentang Dana Pertanggungan Wajib Kecelakaan Penumpang dan Undangundang No. 34 Tahun 1964 Tentang Dana Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas oleh Perusahaan PT Jasa Raharja (Persero)? Apakah tanggung jawab Perusahaan PT. Jasa Raharja (Persero) dalam meyalurkan santunan asuransi terhadap korban/ahli waris korban kecelakaan di jalan raya sudah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan Undang undang No. 33 Tahun 1964 tentang Dana Pertanggungan Wajib Kecelakaan Penumpang dan Undang-undang No. 34 Tahun 1964 Tentang Dana Kecelakaan Lalu lintas atau belum ? Bagaimanakah tanggung jawab Perusahaan PT Jasa Raharja (Persero) apabila korban mempunyai hubungan hukum dengan Perusahaan Asuransi lain dalam kasus yang sama ?, Tanggung jawab Perusahaan PT. Jasa Raharja (Persero) sudah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan ketentuan Undang-undang No. 33 Tahun 1964 tentang Dana Pertanggungan Wajib Kecelakaan Penumpang dan Undang-undang No. 34 Tahun 1964 Tentang Dana Kecelakaan Lalu lintas. Santunan asuransi jasa raharja yang salurkan oleh PT Jasa Raharja (Persero) kepada korban/ahli waris korban adalah berwujud uang tunai, sesuai dengan ketentuan yang diatur Bahwa penggantian santunan jasa raharja tidak akan diberikan kepada korban yang pada saat kecelakaan terjadi berada dalam keadaaan : bunuh diri; percobaan embunuhan atau kesengajaan lain pada korban/ahli warisnya; korban dalam keadaan mabok ata tak sadar; melakukan perbuatan kejahatan
Penerapan Prinsip Good Corporate Governance Pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Di Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors: Ibrahim Idris Abas
Published: December 2022

The application of good corporate governance encourages the management of savings and loan cooperatives (KSP) to carry out their business activities by paying attention to the principles of cooperatives and the principles of prudence so that they become cooperatives that are transparent, accountable, and responsive. This study uses a social, legal approach while the data is obtained through field research and literature. Furthermore, the data were analyzed qualitatively. The problems are formulated: (1) how is the application of the principles of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) in savings and loan cooperatives in Cirebon ?; (2) what must be done so that the GCG principles can be fully implemented by KSP in Cirebon Regency? The results of the study concluded: 1) The application of the principles of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) in the Savings and Loans Cooperative (KSP) in Cirebon Regency is a necessity that must be carried out and enforced in Cirebon Regency. 2) Cooperatives in Cirebon have not fully implemented the principles of cooperatives, have more to do with the principles of GCG. 3) GCG principles must be part of cooperatives, especially in Cirebon Regency and generally for cooperatives in Indonesia. The following suggestions should be issued: 1) Regulations that regulate the obligation to apply cooperative principles and Good Corporate Governance should be published in the KSP so that the establishment of the KSP does not end with the closure of the KSP, which in the end is detrimental to its members. 2) KSP should be obliged to become a member of the Deposit Insurance Corporation so that if there is a KSP closure, it will not be detrimental to members who have deposited at the closed KSP. KSP members will trust KSP; 3) Guidance and supervision of cooperatives should be increased and intensified. Establish a National Accreditation Agency for Indonesian Cooperatives to spur improvement in managing cooperatives in Indonesia.
Pengujian Undang-Undang Oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Politik Hukum
Authors: Fata Izzul
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the description of how the state, through its legal politics, give enormous authority to the Constitutional Court, which is the body (judicative) to interfere with parliamentary (legislative) and government (executive) affairs, which are not bene the three branches of government (legislative, executive and judicative). Rationally have the same position. This research method uses normative juridical research. Article 24C of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia establishes the Constitutional Court as one of the special judicial actors and the Supreme Court, with authority to examine laws against the Constitution, which is carried out at the first and last levels whose decisions are final. Giving too far lead head control power authority to the Constitutional Court to amend the laws made by the parliament (legislative) or to cancel what constitutes government (executive) policies would contradict the principle of distribution of power (tries politic) and the direct focus of checks and balances.
Pembuktian Tindak Pidana Aduan Antara Suami Dan Istri Dihubungkan Dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 Tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga
Authors: Sukama Sukama
Published: December 2022

Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga sering kali terjadi dalam sutau keluarga. Banyak faktor yang ditimbulkan dan akibat dari kekerasan rumah tangga tersebut. Tidak sedikit aduan tentang hubungan suami istri. berdasarkan uraian diatas penulis bertujuan ingin mengetahui bagaimanakah sistem pembuktian yang diterapkan dalam tindak pidana aduan   yang terjadi antara suami dan isteri dihubungkan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 Tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga dan kendala-kendala apa saja yang mempersulit atau menghambat sistem pembuktian dalam  tindak pidana aduan yang terjadi antara suami dan isteri. hukum. Kegiatan penelitian hukum tersebut berpedoman kepada metode penelitian sebagai standard baku dalam melakukan suatu penelitian hukum. Metode penelitian hukum yang penulis pergunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis-normatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Sistem pembuktian dalam kasus tindak pidana KDRT yang merupakan tindak pidana aduan yang terjadi antara suami-isteri di Kabupaten Serang Provinsi Banten, Pengadilan masih menerapkan sistem pembuktian  berdasarkan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP) yaitu harus ada minimal 2 (dua) alat bukti. Sehingga banyak kasus-kasus KDRT yang tidak dapat diajukan ke Penuntut Umum karena kurangnya pembuktian yang akhirnya diselesaikan secara perdata (damai), tanpa diproses ke Pengadilan. Kendala-kendala yang mempengaruhi atau menghambat dalam sistem pembuktian dalam tindak pidana aduan yang terjadi antara suami isteri  dalam rumah tangga adalah Lambatnya proses penyelidikan dan penyidikan yang dilakukan oleh kepolisian terhadap tindak pidana aduan yang terjadi antara suami dan isteri yang mengakibatkan hilangnya alat bukti.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PUTUSAN PENGADILAN NEGERI SUMBER NOMOR 406/PID.SUS/2020/PN.SBR. TENTANG PERMUFAKATAN JAHAT DALAM TINDAK PIDANA NARKOBA
Authors: Mubarrak Naufal Zaki
Published: December 2022

Tindak pidana narkotika merupakan serious crime, suatu kejahatan yang berdampak besar dan multi dimensional terhadap sosial, budaya, ekonomi dan politik serta begitu dahsyatnya dampak negatif bagi kelangsungan hidup umat manusia. Sehingga upaya pemberantasannya tidak cukup hanya ditangani oleh pemerintah dan aparat penegak hukum saja melainkan perlu melibatkan seluruh masyarakat untuk berperan dan berpartisipasi aktif dalam pencegahan dan pemberantasannya. Tindak pidana narkotika saat ini tidak lagi dilakukan secara individu, melainkan melibatkanbanyak orang yang secara bersama-sama bersepakat untuk melakukan tindak pidana narkotika. Kesepakatan yang disebut permufakatan jahat ini digantungkan pada tindak pidana yang tidak selesai. Identifikasi Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini antara lain : Bagaimana penafsiran permufakatan jahat dalam Undang-Undang No 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika dan penyertaan dalam pasal 55 Ayat (1) KUHP dalam praktek pengadilan dan bagaimana pertimbangan hakim dalam menerapkan Permufakatan Jahat dalam Pasal 132 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Narkotika pada putusan Nomor 406/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Sbr. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normative dengan Cara dan alat pengumpulan data menggunakan metode deskriptif yang dilakukan dengan melakukan analisis terhadap bahan hukum kepustakaan secara kualitatif, kemudian diuraikan dan dihubungkan antara data yang satu dengan data yang lainnya secara sistematis. Hasil Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemufakatan jahat dalam undang-undang nomor 35 tahun 2009 tentang narkotika dimaknai sebagai suatu perbuatan yang dilakukan oleh dua orang atau lebih untuk melakukan kejahatan, dan perbuatan pidananya sendiri belum dilakukan atau belum selesai.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PERANAN PIHAK KEPOLISIAN RESOR KOTA CIREBON DALAM MENANGANI TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN DENGAN KEKERASAN DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2002 TENTANG KEPOLISIAN
Authors: Sukama Sukama , Aldiansyah Reza
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis peranan pihak kepolisian dalam menangani tindak pidana pencurian dengan kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh geng motor di kabupaten cirebon dan menganalisis kendala yang dihadapi pihak kepolisian dalam menangani tindak pidana pencurian dengan kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh geng motor di kabupaten cirebon. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Cirebon yaitu di Polres Resor Kota Cirebon. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh kesimpulan, yaitu peran polisi dalam menangani tindak pidana pencurian dengan kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh geng motor tampak dari upaya yang dilakukan polisi baik secara represif maupun preventif. Dalam upaya preventif pihak kepolisian melakukannya dengan cara mengadakan kegiatan-kegiatan seperti operasi tertentu, razia selektif, penjagaan, patrol kepolisian, dan patrol rutin. Sedangkan upaya represif pihak kepolisian melakukan tindakan secara bersama-sama dengan pihak kejaksaan dan pengadilan dalam menjatuhkan sanksi pidana. Kurangnya sistem keamanan di gedung-gedung, pusat keramaian dan tempat lainnya yang menjadi pusat sasaran tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh geng motor. Selain itu adanya factor kurangnya fasilitas pendukung seperti kamera CCTV di tempat kejadian juga ikut menjadi kendala pihak kepolisian dalam mengungkap pelaku kejahatan. Selain itu hambatan yang sering kali dijumpai yaitu polisi merasa kesulitan dalam melakukan penyidikan karena kurangnya saksi kunci kejahatan dikarenakan saksi merasa takut akan ancaman para pelaku geng motor. Begitu juga mengenai sarana dan prasarana yang minim dapat menghambat kerja pihak kepolisian.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PERAN KURATOR DALAM KEPAILITAN GUNA MELINDUNGI HAK PARA KREDITOR BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 37 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG KEPAILITAN DAN PENUNDAAN KEWAJIBAN PEMBAYARAN UTANG
Authors: Ibrahim Idris Abas , Luki Luki
Published: December 2022

Penelitian analisis yuridis terhadap peran kurator dalam kepailitan guna melindungi hak para kreditor berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang kepailitan dan PKPU disebabkan dari adanya debitor yang tidak koperatif, tidak beritikad baik, atau menganak-emaskan salah kreditornya saja (curang, mentransfer harta kekayaannya, atau menyembunyikan hartanya) dalam melaksanakan putusan pernyataan kepailitan, yang mengakibatkan tugas kurator terhambat dan menjadi tidak maksimal untuk memenuhi hak dari para kreditor nya, yang menurut UU 1131 dan 1132 KUHPerdata. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, yang dengan tujuan untuk menemukan dan melakukan pengkajian teroritis-normatif mengenai suatu aturan hukum, prinsip-prinsip hukum ataupun doktrin-doktrin hukum, guna untuk menjawab isu hukum yang dihadapi, serta praktik penerapan hukum kepailitan di pengadilan. Kurator dengan segala daya dan upaya harus segera melakukan pengurusan dan pemberesan terhadap harta kekayaan debitor pailit. Kurator harus segera mungkin berkordinasi dengan debitor atau kreditor agar dapat mengetahui letak aset yang dimiliki debitor pailit, hal ini dilakukan agar debitor tidak menyembunyikan, atau mentransfer harta kekayaannya, apabila debitor tidak kooperatif, maka kurator atau kreditor dapat mengajukan upaya hukum ke pengadilan antara lain:1). upaya paksa badan, yaitu debitor ditahan sementara dengan waktu tertentu hal ini dilakukan agar kurator dapat meminta segala keterangan mengenai harta pailit (pasal 93). 2) Actio Puliana, dimana segala perbuatan hukum yang dilakukan debitor baik sebelum pernyataan pailit, atau sesudah pernyataan pailit yang dapat merugikan kepentingan kreditor dapat dibatalkan (pasal1341 KUHPerd) dan (pasal 41- pasal 44 UUK-Pkpu). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kurator masih terkendala oleh sikap debitor yang cenderung untuk menyembunyikan atau mentransfer hartanya, meskipun pada saat itu ia telah dinyatakan pailit oleh pengadilan, sehingga hal ini membuat kurator harus bekerja ekstra lebih demi mengamankan seluruh harta pailit demi melindungi kepentingan para kreditor.
TINDAK PIDANA PENYEBARAN BERITA HOAK YANG MENIMBULKAN KEBENCIAN DI KALANGAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Susanto Ari
Published: December 2022

Berita hoax sekarang ini sedang marak tersebar di berbagai media. Baik itu media cetak maupun media online. Mirisnya, kebanyakan dari masyarakat kurang peduli dengan adanya hal tersebut. Kebanyakan dari masyarakat bisa dengan mudah mempercayai berita hoax dan tak segan-segan untuk menyebarluaskan kepada khalayak. Penerapan hukum tindak pidana penyebaran hoak yang menimbulkan kebencian sebagaimana, Pasal 45 ayat (2) Jo. Pasal 28 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik dan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 tentang Hukum Acara Pidana.
UPAYA KEPOLISIAN DALAM PENANGGULANGAN TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN PELAJAR
Authors: Marhendi Marhendi
Published: December 2022

Pelajar termasuk dalam kelompok usia remaja yang masih labil. Pada tahap ini mereka sedang mencari jati dirinya masing-masing, dan berusaha diakui keberadaannya di dalam lingkungannya, sehingga banyak pelajar melakukan tindakan yang melawan hukum. Dilihat dari sudut pelajar, maka mereka menganggap bahwa tindakan yang telah mereka lakukan hanyalah suatu pandangan dari ungkapan ekspresi sebagai konsekuensi dari yang dirasakan tidak adil terhadapnya. Aparat penegak hukum yang bertanggung jawab atas keamanan dan masyarakat, termasuk tindak pidana kekerasan pelajar. Kepolisian sebagai aparat penegak hukum yang bertanggung jawab atas keamanan dan masyarakat, termasuk tindak pidana kekerasan pelajar. Upaya-upaya tersebut meliputi, upaya preventif untuk meminalisir kesempatan para pelajar melakukan tindak kekerasan dengan cara penyuluhan atau bimbingan melalui keluarga, sekolah, lembaga kemasya-rakatan dan upaya represif untuk menindak pelajar-pelajar yang telah melakukan kekerasan dengan melaksanakan proses hukum sesuai ketentuan yang berlaku .
Molecular Microbiology in Clinical Practice: Current and Future Applications
Authors: Biney-Assan Tracy , Kron Michael
Published: December 2022

Technological advances have yielded new molecular biology-based methods for the diagnosis of infectious diseases.  The newest and most powerful molecular diagnostic tests are available at regional and national reference laboratories, as well as at specialized centers that are certified to conduct metagenomic testing.  Metagenomic assays utilize advances in DNA extraction technology, DNA sequence library construction, high throughput DNA sequencing and automated data analysis to identify millions of individual strands of DNA extracted from clinical samples.  At present, metagenomic assays are only possible at a small number of special research, academic and commercial laboratories.  Continued research in human and pathogen genomic organization and host-pathogen interactions, represent important future goals that will maximize the information obtained from metagenomic assays.  To illustrate the power and limitations of metagenomics, we report on a previously healthy 27 year old woman with work related exposure to ill animals, and who developed a rapidly progressive, severe diffuse interstitial pneumonitis that ultimately ended in the need for a double lung transplant.   Metagenomic testing on DNA extracted from pleural fluid and nasopharyngeal swabs demonstrated the presence of expected normal bacterial flora along with some unexpected herpesvirus and non-HIV retroviral elements integrated into the patients DNA.  Although no specific pathogen was ultimately identified to explain this patient’s severe disease, the sample preparation and data analysis methods detailed herein illustrate the powerful benefits and limitations of metagenomic testing.
Thyroidectomy in elderly ; is it safe?
Authors: Alnaser Mumtaz Khudhur Hanna , Kamal Zuhair Basheer , Wardia Wissam Isam , Basheer Bashar Hazim
Published: December 2022

Background: The prevalence of thyroid nodules rise with age and different data available about the risks of thyroid surgery in old age people. In general, old age could be a predictor of perioperative mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study is to prove if there is increased risk accompanying thyroidectomy in elderly patients.
Subjects and Methods: Prospective study of one surgeon of study sample undergoing thyroid surgery at Al-Kindy teaching hospital and Saint Raphael hospital .This study was including two groups; group (A) involved patients 65 years and older, group (B) involved patients below 65 years old who were subjected to thyroidectomy. Taking in consideration histopathology results, indications of surgery (compressive symptoms, suspicious or confirmed malignancy, toxic goiter and recurrent goiter) and complications (including rates of temporary and permanent hypocalcaemia, temporary and permanent RLN paralysis, postoperative hematoma, wound infection and seroma), in addition to the risk of perioperative mortality. 
Results: There were 574 patients below 65 years and 127 elderly patients (>=65 years) who underwent thyroidectomy between January 2015 and December of 2018. There were no deaths in either group; no one had bilateral RLN paralysis. Old age patients had a lower frequency of complications in comparison to the younger counterparts, including transient hypocalcaemia (3.1% vs 14.8%, respectively) and temporary RLN injury (0% vs 0.69%, respectively), in addition to permanent RLN injury (0% vs 0.34%, respectively).
Conclusions: Thyroidectomy in elderly is safe as compared to younger patients regarding perioperative complications
Alterations in some Physiological and Inflammatory Markers in Iron-Deficient Obese Adults in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Authors: Zahir Brwa , Khafar Kaniaw , Hama Salih Mariwan
Published: December 2022

Background: Iron homeostasis is crucial to many physiological functions in the human body, such as cellular activity, erythropoiesis, and the innate immune response. Iron deficiency anemia may occur from obesity's ability to disturb iron homeostasis. Obesity may be seen as a pre-inflammatory condition with mild, ongoing systemic inflammation. Additionally, an increase in hepcidin levels by chronic inflammation causes iron insufficiency in obese people. For this reason, this current experiment is designed to investigate the iron profile and some hematological and inflammatory parameters in obese adults in the Kurdistan region-Iraq.
Subjects and Methods: The cross-sectional study was designed within the context of a medium private laboratory with participants being common people involved, 200 adults participated in this study and were allocated into two groups according to BMI (control group (BMI ≤ 29.9): N=100 and obese group (BMI >30): N=100). Oxygen saturation (SpO2) and pulse rate were assessed. Blood sera (once) was obtained for iron profiles (s. Iron, Ferritin, Hepcidin) and inflammatory levels (c-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6)).
Results: Our findings highlighted that all inflammatory markers increased significantly in the obese groups in both sexes and a positive correlation with BMI and a significant decrease in iron in the obese group.
Conclusions: This research reveals that hepcidin levels in obese adult people contribute to the development of iron deficiency anemia due to increased inflammation.
GIS based Spatial Distribution Map of Petrol Stations using Geostatistical Analysis in Selangor Malaysia
Authors: YAHYA MOHD SAHRUL SYUKRI YAHYA , Safian Edie Ezwan Mohd
Published: December 2022

In recent decades, Malaysia's growth has been largely driven by oil and gas production. There is a clear objective behind this study, which is to integrate spatial analysis as an essential method of identifying the location and distribution of a petrol station using GIS software. Five oil companies, namely Petronas, Caltex, Shell, Petron, and BHPetrol, were invested in Malaysia. This study employs Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) for spatial analysis, Local Moran's I, and Getis-Ord Gi for statistical analysis. The results of the study indicate that high-high clusters and densities can be found in Kuala Lumpur, Seri Kembangan, Petaling Jaya, Shah Alam, and Klang. The Getis Ord Gi statistic has 9.8 % of total boundaries. There is a high concentration of petrol stations in the middle of the city. This is because the goal is to encourage them to use it easily to improve their business performance. This study found that the factors considered to be the most significant factors varied from one station to the next based on the results of this study. This is in agreement with the analysis that was conducted as a result of this study.
Students’ Challenges on Writing Undergraduate Thesis in the College of Business, Administration and Accountancy at Laguna University: Basis for Research Programs
Authors: Benavente Arceli , De Asis Bianca Mae R. , Malapascua Jocelyn B. , Adora Julisa P. , Esguerra Jessica O. , Ilagan Jan Joshua B.
Published: December 2022

The majority of academic degrees include thesis projects as part of the overall learning process. Despite efforts by the educational sector to improve students' writing abilities, many students struggle with academic writing. As a result, it is essential to discuss the problems of writing an undergraduate thesis and provide plans to overcome these difficulties. In this study, the researchers determined the students' level of difficulty in writing an undergraduate thesis. The researchers used descriptive correlational research through survey questionnaires to collect, classify, and analyze the data. The data was from 117 undergraduate students, respectively. Frequency, Percentage, Weighted Mean, and Chi-square was used to measure the relationships between variables. The study revealed the relationships between the student's demographic variables and level of difficulty in terms of English Proficiency, Research Methodology, Team Attitude, Research Topic, and Advisor Relationship. While no significant relationship was identified between demographic variables and level of difficulty in terms of time management. Based on the research findings, it was discovered that the highest predictor of what causes students to struggle in writing an undergraduate thesis is the Methodology, while the Advisor Relationship was the least predictor. As a result, a student research program was proposed to act efficiently, providing plans to improve students' research capabilities, resulting in increased productivity and paper quality.
Appraisal of A Detailed Perimeter Survey of Igwuruta Flood Plain In Greater Portharcourt City of Rivers State
Authors: Aminigbo Leonard Michael Onyinyechi
Published: December 2022

Perimeter survey is the establishment of perimeter points on the surface of the earth and taking bearings between lines or angles between the points, moreover measurement of distance to provide such points with defined coordinate values on a plane surface (X,Y) only. The aim of this work is to ascertain the dimension of Igwuruta flood plain in greater portharcourt city of rivers state.Below are the objectives to achieve the stated aim; to carve out an area of land. Selection of traverse station and marking of the selected station, demarcation of boundary points with bottle cork and nail, to establish boundary points of the study area, to determine the bearings and distances of survey boundaries, to generate the Easting and Northing coordinates of each points, ,to calculate the area of the portion of land, to fix reasonable details within the assigned site using any suitable method of detail fixing, to produce a digital plan of the site under study and to write a comprehensive report.The Perimeter and detail Survey was carried out at Igwuruta flood plain of greater portharcourt city of Rivers state.The survey was carried out in accordance with the third order specifications for a survey operation. The reconnaissance survey was properly carried out both in the office and on the field; this was carried out for proper planning of the survey operation by locating the controls needed for proper orientation, the instrument to be used, and selection of traverse stations and finally, drawing of a sketched diagram of the area under study.The data processing was done so as to reduce the data collected in the field and the necessary corrections were applied so as to obtain the corrected bearings and distances of points relative to one another.The corrected values were reckoned with in every aspect of computation and also in plotting the plan. The final plan was produced showing the boundary of the traverse, the bearings and distances and also the details found within the site. The plan was produced in digital format titled plan showing the perimeter and detail survey of the flood Igwuruta flood plain of greater portharcourt city of Rivers state. Finally, a comprehensive report was written on how the practical and field works were carried out.
Roles of Land Information Systems (LIS) and Geodetic Spatial Reference Frames In Property Taxation and Revenue Drive in Rivers State: A Case Study of Portharcourt Cadastre
Authors: Aminigbo Leonard Michael Onyinyechi , Hart Lawrence
Published: December 2022

Land management is becoming more recognized as a community-wide if not global need. Landed assets are an important source of government revenue in Rivers state, and they necessitate a land information systems infrastructure. The creation of LIS of Port Harcourt property layouts is critical to realizing that ambition. Results of this research paper has lots of potential in providing sustainable land relationships and information to decision makers (land administrators and revenue drivers) in Rivers state so that they can make decisions that are beneficial to sustainable development in the context of efficient land administration and management. This study used geospatial methodologies to document, create, and populate land information in Trans-Amadi and GRA phases 1 and 2 of Port Harcourt's cadastral layouts. According to the findings of this study's analysis, discussions, and queries, effective usage of the LIS, which is driven by many aspects of services supplied by government Ministries, Departments, and Agencies, will increase efficiency and productivity in property taxation in capital city of Port Harcourt.The following recommendations were made as a result of this research: Information decentralization to make it easier to keep track of and recollect data. Fees charged for various services given are published and displayed. Official procedures should be simplified, and a faster and more efficient method of moving files should be established. In Rivers state, there has been a reduction in the time it takes to complete title paperwork for landed properties. All occupants of government lands in Port Harcourt will get a formal allocation of encroached lands and a certificate of title. A chart for employee training, particularly in ICT, should be prepared. External consultants should be taught customer service, change management, time management, project management, supervisory management, and systems administration. The state's Ministry of Lands and Survey should develop a website that enables for e-payment of grand rents, C of O applications, and land mapping. Finally, the LIS of cadastral layouts in Port Harcourt as a pilot project should be implemented in major towns and cities across the LGAs of Rivers state for efficient land administration, property taxation, and revenue generation, in line with the Federal Government of Nigeria's current land reform programme.

Keyword: Taxation, information, land, systems, cadastre, and revenue are some of the key phrases.
Gis-Based Assessment of Socio-Economic Impacts of Swamp Reclamation in Abonnema, Rivers State, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Didia Uzodianya Michael , Owukio Stewart S.
Published: December 2022

Abonnema in Rivers State is a significant town with a riverine domain in the Kalabari Kingdom in Akuku-Toru Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria is surrounded by water. The town, founded in 1882 and with a population of 74468, is located in the southwest of the State. Because of its overcrowding and the demand for new housing, Abonnema became interested in land reclamation. The aim of this study was to determine the benefits and drawbacks of marsh reclamation on livelihood and infrastructure delivery in Abonnema. The Rivers State Ministry of Works and perspective aided in the provision of data, through field observations, questionnaire surveys, land-sat imagery, and sky-view lifetime drone pictures for this project. To assess the percentage of land cover in the research area, supervised classification of image processing was used. Land reclamation activities have resulted in the destruction and displacement of organisms and species, although most people have benefited from them, according to the findings. The development of infrastructure and access to employment possibilities, the expansion of land capacity, and the improvement of inhabitants' living standards are just a few of the benefits. As a result, the study recommends that the Rivers State Government continue to reclaim more land, particularly in other islands in the state, so that these islands can benefit from infrastructural development, as well as enacting more laws and strategies to regulate reclamation activities across the state. Environmental awareness and perception of the environment should be a component of educational organizations' responsibilities
Performance of IT Software and Service Sector in GDP Contribution of Developing Countries
Authors: Ahmadi Mohammad Haroon , Ahmadi Wenda Samim
Published: December 2022

According to the WESP (World Economic Situation and Prospects, 2019) the countries in the world are divided into; developed countries, transition countries and developing countries. The United Nations Economic and Social Council decided to choose some of the countries from developing countries as least developed countries as per three different indexes; Index of human assets, per capita GNI and economic vulnerability index. The paper aims to analyze the performance of the IT software and service sector in GDP (Gross Domestic Product) contribution of developing countries as well as least developed countries, least developed countries are chosen to have a comparison between the performances of those sectors in different economies. The data has been chosen from United Nation Conference on Trade and Development from 2000s to 2017, and for comparison 20 developing countries and 14 least developed countries from these regions; Latin America, Africa, Western Asia, and East Asia as well as South Asia, have been chosen too. We found; the average share of the service sector and IT software sector were 53 percent and 32.6 percent in GDP growth of all developing countries, and 47.02 percent and 22.57 percent in GDP growth of all least developed countries, respectively, that shows the share of these sectors in developing countries are higher than the least developed countries, and as per the data, the performance of these sectors are much higher in developing countries than the least developed countries
Mobile Application Based Expert System for Cattle Disease Diagnosis and Treatment in Afan Oromo Language
Authors: Shanka Derara , Genale Adola
Published: December 2022

Ethiopia is best known for its cattle population in Africa. Nonetheless, cattle diseases is the major constraint to cattle production and its safe utilization. For the developing countries, cattle disease creates a considerable effect on the livelihood and lives of the farmers. In this research work we have developed a mobile application based expert system in afan oromo language for diagnosing and treating cattle diseases. Knowledge Base regarding the various diseases affecting cattle’s in the study area was acquired by using both secondary and primary sources. The primary knowledge source was collected from West Guji and Bornea zonal area domain experts and the secondary sources of knowledge was collected using document analysis. Purposive sampling technique was used for selecting domain experts for knowledge acquisition process. The proposed expert system was developed using rule based knowledge representation approach and using decision tree knowledge modeling technique. After knowledge is acquired it was represented using rule based knowledge representation method using Java Programming language and a user interface was designed and developed using XML that fits into the present day smart phones and the application will be cross platform. User acceptance testing and overall system performance testing was made after the prototype was developed. Accordingly, the mobile application demonstrated 81% of accuracy and among the users who were made a user experience evaluation, 84% of them got satisfied by the performance of the mobile application.
Pentingnya Pelatihan E-commerce Guna Meningkatkan Penjualan UMKM
Authors: Lesi Lesi*
Published: December 2022

E-commerce or electronic commerce is currently growing rapidly in an era of increasingly advanced technology along with the times.E-commerce is one of the trade or sales media that is in great demand by the public today in order to be able to sell, buy, and promote products using online media as online buying and selling transactions. Selling clothing products using e-commerce is very profitable for both sellers and buyers. With increasingly sophisticated technology and gadgets, buyers no longer bother to choose the clothes they want without being tired of going around choosing clothes, even though only by using cellphones, buyers can already buy clothes that are outside the city and even abroad using e-commerce, so sellers can market their products, the product is not only in the surrounding area.
Aplikasi Penjualan Online Pada Pempek Flamboyant Berbasis Web
Authors: Hilallia Qorria , Afriyudi Afriyudi
Published: January 2023

In the current era of globalization, where everything is required to be fast-paced, so time is a very valuable thing. Using time properly and correctly will certainly improve business performance, therefore management is needed that can help minimize inefficient use of time. The flamboyant pempek shop has not used a computer application that can assist in sales transactions. The customers of the flamboyant pempek shop are residents around the city of palembang, with the development of technology, palembang pempek as a special food, began to be attracted by many people outside the city of Palembang. So the researchers took the initiative to develop a mobile-based system at the flamboyant pempek shop. The methodology used to design this system is Extreme Programming. The use of the up-selling method in programming is used to increase and facilitate sales of the flamboyant pempek shop. The final result of this research is a web-based application
A Study On Customer Satisfaction Towards The Products By Cadbury India Ltd
Authors: Dr. Karuna Goenka
Published: January 2023

Growing competition has necessitated the need for constant innovation and improvement for all the organizations; so as to survive. Customer’s have become more calculative and desire maximum value for money. At the same time, the quality of the product also plays a significant role in satisfying a customer. Customer Satisfaction has become the key to success. To emphasis on this aspect of marketing, an attempt has been made to study the customer’s satisfaction, their loyalty and their demand in relation to Cadbury Products. This study is an empirical study based on primary data where the sample for the study consists of 100 respondents. The data for the study has been collected using questionnaires. Secondary sources of data include internet, books and magazines. The data collected have been analyzed using basic statistical tools such as tables, graphs and charts. Such analysis has formed the base for the conclusions and recommendations of the study.
Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Real World
Authors: YADAV PARTH , YADAV AMAN , AGRAWAL RASHMI
Published: December 2022

Artificial Intelligence is a significant innovation that is an important part of our day-to-day lives as well as our industry. Today, artificial intelligence is a rapidly advancing innovation in our daily lives. From the Innovation Industry to ordinary people, it will change the way of life. A human's state is updated by the AI at every point in their lives. As an example, a school today uses AI programming to enable participation based on face recognition. In the future, driverless cars will be the best. Vehicles are completely constrained by the AI programming that detects signs and street points. In most ICT models, enormous amounts of information are incorporated, self-thought capability is not addressed, and there is a lot of confusion. There is an explosion of creative innovations, such as corporate collaboration and profound learning. As AI frameworks learn to adapt to individuals' character and goals, individuals' future relationships with machines will always become contact, liquid, and customized. As a result of these AI applications, individuals will be able to monitor their wellbeing, be alerted to risks in advance, and receive administrations when they need them. While AI continues to bring significant benefits in every field, it also raises significant moral and social issues, such as security issues. A number of occupations have already been dislodged due to robotics and other artificial intelligence advancements. In this paper, we focus on the more extensive and smaller scope of man-made consciousness, its shrewd gadgets, and future advancements. Additionally, this paper shed a few light on how man-made brainpower is used in the day-to-day world.
Study of Clinico-mycological profile of onychomycosis at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sri Sandhya K , Sita Maha Laxmi B
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Onychomycosis (OM) is a common nail disorder caused by dermatophytes, non-dermatophyte moulds and yeasts. The increased prevalence of OM along with the wide range of associated fungi necessitates the accurate laboratory isolation and identification of the causative fungus for optimal management strategies. The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical, epidemiological and mycological characteristics of OM at a tertiary care hospital in Karimnagar.

Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at Department of Microbiology for a period of one year. 109 patients clinically diagnosed as OM were subjected to detailed history, clinical examination and investigations. Nail clippings and subungual debris of OM patients were subjected to KOH preparation and culture. Isolates were identified by colony characters, pigment production, microscopic morphology.

Results: The maximum number of OM cases belonged to the age group 21-30 years with a male preponderance. Higher incidence was noted in males (71.5%) than females (28.4%). Direct microscopy of the nail clippings in 40% KOH solution was positive in 56.8% and culture was positive in 75.2% cases. The common etiological agent was dermatophytes (45.12% cases) followed by yeasts (34.14% and non dermatophyte molds (20.7% cases). T.rubrum was the commonest among dermatophytes and Candida albicans among the yeasts.

Conclusions: Although onychomycosis is not life threatening, it can cause a significant negative impact on the quality of life of infected patients. Early diagnosis and treatment is important to prevent distortion of the nails which can prevent loss of working efficiency of the commonly affected population.
Assessment and Applicability of Various Elements of Quality Assurance in Histopathology Laboratory: A Study from A Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Region of India
Authors: Mallick Debjani , Chakrabarti Sudipta , Gayen Prosun
Published: December 2022

Background Quality control in histopathology is relatively newer concept and less understood because of its subjectivity.

Aim:The present study was conducted to assess and determine applicability of the different elements of quality assurance in the histopathology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital in eastern region of India.

Material and methods: An observational, retrospective and analytic study for one year and three months was conducted. 2000 samples were selected by simple random sampling including the biopsy specimens and cell blocks received in the histopathology laboratory.

Results:Of the 2000 samples, 1880 (94%) were accepted and 120 rejected (6%) due to mainly pre analytical factors. Of the rejected samples, 35 samples (29.2%) were without proper fixative, 48 samples (40%) had incomplete requisition forms, 37 samples (30.8%) had incomplete/ absent clinical history. Lack of adherence to standard tissue fixation protocols were observed in 55 cases (2.75%). Inadequate preventive maintenance and delay in renewal of maintenance contracts were the most common cause of failure of maintenance of equipment. Improper staining was found in 35 cases (1.75%). Grossing of specimens were inadequate in 104 cases (5.2%). Concurrence in diagnosis was found in majority cases (1892 cases, 94.6%). Random case review was done with adequate precision (97.5%) and accuracy (96.6 %). Maintenance of turnaround time was found in most cases (1800 cases, 90%).

Conclusion: Standard operating procedures, training of staffs, equipment maintenance, alertness to maintain turnaround time and awareness, proper report documentation and storage are the key factors to successfully uphold quality assurance.
Self Directed Learning Readiness among phase I undergraduate Medical students
Authors: Kausar Afshan , Berad Akshay
Published: December 2022

Self Directed Learning (SDL) was defined by Knowles as ‘the process in which individuals take the initiative themselves with or without taking help of others for diagnosing their learning needs. The SDLR Scale is a validated tool used to assess that to which extent an individual possesses self-directed learning personality characteristics and attitude. This cross sectional survey was planned among phase I medical students . Sample size was 100 utilizing convenient sample of phase I medical students. Structured Questionnaire ‘Self-directed learning readiness scale’ SDLRD questionnaire was used to collect the data; the scale was first designed and tested by Fisher et al. Data were analyzed using Microsoft excel, Median, mean and Standard deviation for each individual item and for total score as well as for the three sub-scales were tabulated . Differences between groups were tested using the chi square or t test. The mean and median SDLR score of whole questionnaire for was 146.18±19.81. Majority of the first year medical students had shown readiness for self-directed learning. SDL scores were lower among our MBBS students than reported in studies done elsewhere. This study points out the need to address our students’ SDL skills, and need for ways to build SDL skills in our students.
COVID-19 vaccine
– Knowledge, Attitude and practices among medical students in Hyderabad
Authors: Sarah Sayeedunnisa , Mohammed Sarosh Ahmed , Ahmed Sultan Rizwan
Published: December 2022

Today as a lot of COVID 19 vaccines are available and are currently used, we conducted a study to assess the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of medical students in our college. An online survey was conducted through GOOGLE forms. In this study total participants are 155 medical students of which 28.4% (n=44) males and 71.6% (n=111) are females. Effectiveness of vaccine as perceived by participants in our study is 65.2%. The safety of the vaccine as considered by participants in this study is 55.5% In this study it was also noticed that when gender is compared with effectiveness and safety of vaccine both males and females felt equally it is effective as well as safe to take vaccine.

There is a need to increase trust among our medical students. The elements that define and build trust must be understood and interventions like health awareness programs as role plays, talks on social media involving known personalities can be undertaken and crafted accordingly to improve the knowledge regarding COVID 19.

Most of the seniors shared their readiness to take the vaccine than junior students. It was also found that seniors felt that they do not get enough information about vaccines when compared to juniors. The main source of information regarding COVID 19 vaccine for majority of the participants i.e., 71% (n=110) was through internet and social media and 16.8% (n=26) get from health care workers and the least number of participants got information from family and friends. Hence social media and internet can be used in a more appropriate way to remove vaccine hesitancy.
Clinicopathological profile of hyperpigment
ed skin lesions- A prospective
study
Authors: Aryasomayajula Sirish , Danda Manimala , Gude Aswini , Pyadi suneetha , Mamillapalli Padmapriya , Epari Kiran kumar , Gudeli Vahini , B. A. Ramkrishna
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Hyperpigmentation is one of the most common reaction to inflammatory, benign and malignant lesions of the skin. These disorders comprise heterogeneous group of diseases of epidermal and dermal hyperpigmentation divided into various types according to etiology and pathology. Correct diagnosis of these hyperpigmented lesions is linked to histopathologic examination of skin biopsies with clinical correlation.

Aim: To study the spectrum of hyperpigmented skin lesions with reference to age and sex distribution.

Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at Department of Pathology, at Alluri Sitaramaraju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India, which included 80 patients who were clinically diagnosed with hyperpigmented skin lesions in all age groups from July 2014 to August 2016. Frequency and percentage statistics was used to present the results.

Results: Out of 80 cases, 34 cases of inflammatory lesions, 23 cases of benign lesions and 23 cases of malignant lesions were reported. Among the post inflammatory lesions the majority were classical Lichen planus. Conclusion: Most common lesion was lichen planus and its variants with highest incidence in females and age group greater than 60 years. Histopathological diagnosis with clinical correlation aids in effective management of the patients.