bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lorsque les médecins deviennent gestionnaires
Authors: Gibeau Émilie , Langley Ann , Denis Jean-Louis , Pomey Marie-Pascale , Van Schendel Nicolas
Published: November 2014

Tout comme d’autres organisations de type professionnel, les organisations de santé et de services sociaux recherchent des moyens d’intégrer les préoccupations professionnelles dans les préoccupations de gestion afin d’offrir de meilleurs services. La cogestion est un des moyens récemment introduits dans plusieurs organisations au Québec. Cet article décrit l’expérience d’une cohorte de médecins qui ont accepté de remplir des rôles de cogestionnaires médicaux, travaillant en étroite collaboration avec des cogestionnaires clinico-administratifs. Nous explorons les motivations de ces médecins à exercer ces rôles, décrivons les défis que cela pose et relevons les pistes de solutions les plus prometteuses observées.
La démarche Lean au centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke : un déploiement par « contamination »
Authors: Landry Sylvain , Chaussé Sylvain , Paris Yvon
Published: November 2014

Le Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS) a formellement amorcé une démarche Lean en 2008. Au début de 2014, plus d’une cinquantaine de projets et d’initiatives avaient été réalisés. Cet article décrit cette démarche, qui s’est construite au fil des expériences, en mettant l’accent sur son caractère « contaminant » et progressif dans le secteur de la santé du Québec où le Lean était quasiment absent avant 2008. L’aventure est décrite en quatre phases, soit le démarrage, la consolidation, l’expansion et la transformation. L’analyse permet de comparer cette démarche avec celles d’autres hôpitaux décrites dans la littérature et de poser les principaux défis pour l’avenir. Nous dressons un portrait de ce qui attend le CHUS alors que s’amorce la mise en place de son système de gestion de la performance (SP CHUS) s’inspirant des apprentissages effectués depuis le début de l’aventure.
Le déploiement du Lean à l'hôpital Saint-Boniface : l'importance du leadership transformationnel
Authors: Foropon Cyril , Landry Sylvain
Published: November 2014

Le déploiement de la démarche Lean dans les établissements de santé est un phénomène grandissant à l’échelle mondiale. À ce jour, seule une très faible proportion d’hôpitaux lancés dans l’aventure sont parvenus à transformer significativement leurs systèmes de gestion en se fondant sur cette approche de gestion qui vise à améliorer les processus administratifs et cliniques. L’objectif de l’article est double : mettre en lumière le déploiement du Lean dans un hôpital canadien phare et rendre compte des apprentissages réalisés à l’attention des parties prenantes du secteur de la santé qui s’intéressent au déploiement du Lean. L’article relate l’expérience en cours depuis 2008 à l’Hôpital Saint-Boniface, au Manitoba, qui est devenu un fer de lance en matière de déploiement du Lean. Il décrit les composantes du déploiement du Lean et aborde les défis relevés. L’article se termine par plusieurs recommandations qui sont le fruit de l’expérience accumulée à l’Hôpital Saint-Boniface et d’enseignements émanant d’experts en Lean.
La démarche Lean en santé et services sociaux au Québec : comment mesurer la maturité des établissements ?
Authors: Jobin Marie-Hélène , Lagacé Denis
Published: November 2014

Cet article présente le modèle mis au point pour apprécier la maturité d’un établissement de santé et de services sociaux dans le déploiement du Lean ainsi que l’architecture et les bases conceptuelles qui soutiennent ce modèle. En plus du modèle, une grille d’appréciation destinée aux établissements a été conçue par le Pôle santé HEC Montréal et la Chaire interdisciplinaire de recherche et d’intervention dans les services de santé (Chaire IRISS) de l’Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières. Le cadre conceptuel et la méthodologie de recherche utilisée pour établir les volets et les composantes retenues de même que la déclinaison des niveaux de maturité sont décrits. L’article discute aussi l’usage de l’outil d’appréciation élaboré par les équipes de direction qui désirent orienter leur action dans leur démarche de déploiement du Lean.
De la gouvernance des projets Lean à la gouvernance tout court
Authors: Landry Sylvain , Beaudoin Michèle
Published: November 2014

En 2008, le réseau québécois de la santé et des services sociaux se lançait dans la réalisation de projets Lean à la demande du ministre de la Santé et des Services sociaux d’alors, Yves Bolduc. Depuis, nombre de projets ont été réalisés à la grandeur de la province. Le Ministère a d’ailleurs accordé en 2011 une importante subvention à trois établissements pour qu’ils deviennent des centres vitrines pour l’ensemble du réseau. En septembre 2013, 16 autres établissements étaient retenus par le Ministère pour soutenir et accélérer le déploiement de la démarche Lean. Toutefois, plusieurs modèles de gouvernance ont été déployés pour encadrer ces projets. De plus, de nombreux établissements cherchent des façons d’aller au-delà des projets Lean afin d’implanter l’amélioration continue au quotidien. Cet article présente les résultats d’une recherche menée en 2013 et sondant les pratiques de gouvernance Lean de 19 établissements au Québec en plus de 9 établissements hors Québec et de 3 organisations manufacturières. À la suite du portrait d’ensemble présenté, nous discutons de divers enjeux.
Preferred Computer Activities Among Individuals With Dementia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Tak Sunghee H. , Zhang Hongmei , Hong Song Hee
Published: November 2014

Computers offer new activities that are easily accessible, cognitively stimulating, and enjoyable for individuals with dementia. The current descriptive study examined preferred computer activities among nursing home residents with different severity levels of dementia. A secondary data analysis was conducted using activity observation logs from 15 study participants with dementia (severe = 115 logs, moderate = 234 logs, and mild = 124 logs) who participated in a computer activity program. Significant differences existed in preferred computer activities among groups with different severity levels of dementia. Participants with severe dementia spent significantly more time watching slide shows with music than those with both mild and moderate dementia (
F
[2,12] = 9.72,
p
= 0.003). Preference in playing games also differed significantly across the three groups. It is critical to consider individuals’ interests and functional abilities when computer activities are provided for individuals with dementia. A practice guideline for tailoring computer activities is detailed. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 41
(3), 50–57.]
SEISMIC NOISE AND TEMPORARY SEISMOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS IN THE POSTOJNA CAVE SYSTEM
Authors: Živčić Mladen , Costa Giovanni , Suhadolc Peter , Šebela Stanka
Published: November 2014

Karst caves are suitable places for seismological measurements because they are situated under the surface and often have lower seismic noise than locations on the surface. The idea to establish the first underground seismological station in Slovenia has led us to make preliminary seismic noise measurements in Črna Jama (part of the Postojna Cave System) in 2007. In search for further suitable stable places within the cave, we next performed seismic noise measurements, followed by a temporary accelerometer installation, near the highest point of the Velika Gora chamber in the first half of 2010. Since 7 May 2010, the seismic station is located inside the 9 m long artificial tunnel that was built for geophysical measurement purposes in Tartarus passage in 1931. From 27 January to 12 February 2010, the seismological station Velika Gora in Postojna Cave System (VGPJ) recorded 79 earthquakes with epicenters near Postojna. Records were especially important to determine the seismological characteristics of the MLV=3.7 Postojna earthquake (15 January 2010) aftershocks.  The station in the Tartarus tunnel (TTPJ) operated from 7 May 2010 till 21 December 2010 and recorded more than hundred earthquakes of the sequence near Ilirska Bistrica that started on 15 September 2010, with two MLV=3.5 earthquakes and lasted till the end of the year 2010. The aim of this study is the installation of a permanent seismic station inside the Postojna Cave System and future real-time integration of the related seismological data within the Slovenian and Italian seismological networks.
Next Stop: Underground. Variable degrees and variety of reasons for cave penetration in terrestrial gastropods
Authors: Weigand Alexander M.
Published: November 2014

Cave-dwelling animals can be classified based on their occurrence in and relationship to the subterranean environment. However, subsurface distribution data and studies addressing the initial causes for animals to enter underground habitats are sparse. By retrieving occurrence data from two voluntary biospeleological land registers in Central Germany, the degree of cave penetration in terrestrial gastropods was investigated, thus to infer potential evolutionary drivers. In total, 66 identified gastropod species entered the subterranean environment with 23 of the species also recorded from the dark zone. Gastropods possessed variable degrees of cave penetration and no obligate cave forms were observed. A decline of occurrence records from the entrance to the dark zone was the most prominent pattern. Nevertheless, several species were collected from all three light zones (i.e. entrance, transition and dark). A variety of potential reasons can be inferred to explain their subsurface appearance: exploitation of alternative food sources, aphotic above-ground movement, mating sites, temporal, seasonal and long-term refugia, and chance. Moreover, the results imply a frequent migration of species between the interconnected light zones and the surface. Consequently, terrestrial gastropods should be considered when investigating the origin and importation of allochthonous resources in caves.
Hydrochemical response of cave drip water to snowmelt water, a case study from Velika Pasica Cave, Central Slovenia
Authors: Liu Wei , Brancelj Anton
Published: November 2014

More accurate interpretations are required in order to understand the processes of hydrological movement and hydrochemical variation of water flow in epikarst. A drip VP1 from the Velika Pasica Cave (Central Slovenia) was studied during a period which occurred at the end of a long wet, cold winter. The sources of the percolation water in the cave were both from rain water and snowmelt water. The discharge was continuously monitored during study period in one hour intervals. Each hour a water sample from the drip was taken for measurements of pH, electric conductivity and major ions concentrations. Because of the specific climatic condition in the shallow cave, the dilution effect is the dominant mechanism in the hydrochemical processes, determining drip water properties. The effect of CO2 corrosion and prior calcite precipitation (PCP) was weakened with that condition; Mg2+ varied slightly more significantly than Ca2+, which was reflected by the high correlation between Mg2+, Ca2+ and micro-variation of Mg/Ca ratio. The variation of pH followed closely to the changes of other parameters, which is rarely noted in other works.
Illustrating the superposition of signals recorded by the Grotta Gigante pendulums with musical analogues
Authors: Braitenberg Carla , Nagy Ildiko‘
Published: November 2014

The Grotta Gigante houses a geodetic station since 1959,  which has the goal to observe deformation of the cave. The instrumentation consists of two ultra-broad-band pendulum type tiltmeters, and two medium-to-longperiod tiltmeters, next to thermometer and pressure gauge. The exceptionally long and continuous time-series of the tiltmeters allows us to demonstrate the existence of several astonishing phenomena that cause the cave to change continuously in shape, also if only to a small amount and which can be recorded with sophisticated instruments, as the ones installed. The movements due to the different causes sum up to produce the complete observed signal, and our goal is to separate and identify the different phenomena. To illustrate the work we do in identifying the different agents, the analogy holds to a musician listening to a symphony-concert and identifying the melody of the first violin, flute, triangle, the violoncello and the double bass, and then identifying the corresponding musicians and instruments on stage. As the music has high and low tones, the deformation of the cave is composed of slow and fast movements, continuous movements, or abrupt, sudden events, that repeat very rarely. Here we  show the observation sequence of tilt for the time interval 1966-2012, and discuss the deformation due to the following causes: temperature, underground water-level, sea level of the Adriatic sea, position of sun and moon and vibration of the Earth due some of the greatest mega-earthquakes ever recorded. To illustrate the analogues to music we use to explain the association of different frequency ranges to different causes of deformation signal to the general public of the cave. The results show an excellent example of scientifically sound and important instrumentation installed in a show-cave visited regularly by the public.
INTERVIEW WITH ANDREJ KRANJC
Authors: Ravbar Nataša
Published: November 2014

Andrej Kranjc is a world-recognized karstologist and speleologist for his achievements in karst geomorphology, hydrology, cave research, karst terminology and history of karst science. In 2013 he celebrated his 70th anniversary. As his student and colleague I took this opportunity to present some highlights of his life and work. Despite being retired already since 2010, he is currently a Vice-President of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. During our relaxing and amusing conversation in his office over a cup of coffee the present interview arose.
Anti-Inflammatory or Proinflammatory Effect of an Adenosine Receptor Agonist on the Th17 Autoimmune Response Is Inflammatory Environment–Dependent
Authors: Liang Dongchun , Zuo Aijun , Shao Hui , Chen Mingjiazi , Kaplan Henry J. , Sun Deming
Published: November 2014

Adenosine is a key endogenous signaling molecule that regulates a wide range of physiological functions, including immune system function and inflammation. Studies have shown that adenosine receptor (AR) agonists can be either anti-inflammatory or proinflammatory in immune responses and in inflammation, and the clarification of the mechanisms causing these opposing effects should provide a better guide for therapeutic intervention. Whereas previous studies mostly examined the effects of AR agonists on Th1-type immune responses, in this study, we compared their effect on Th17 and Th1 autoimmune responses in experimental autoimmune uveitis, a mouse model of human uveitis induced by immunization with the human interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein peptides 1–20. We showed that injection of mice with a nonselective AR agonist, 5′-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA), at an early stage after immunization had an inhibitory effect on both Th1 and Th17 responses, whereas injection of the same amount of NECA at a late stage inhibited the Th1 response but had an enhancing effect on the Th17 response. We also showed that the effects of NECA on Th1 and Th17 responses were completely dissociated, that the enhancing effect of NECA on Th17 responses was modulated by γδ T cells, and that the response of γδ T cells to NECA was determined by their activation status. We conclude that the inflammatory environment has a strong impact on converting the effect of AR agonist on the Th17 autoimmune response from anti-inflammatory to proinflammatory. Our observation should help in the designing of better AR-targeted therapies.
Tussen sciëntisme en fideïsme: Acceptatie van de evolutietheorie als theologische uitdaging
Authors: Van den Brink Gijsbert
Published: November 2014

Between scientism and fideism: Acceptance of evolution as a theological challenge. In this contribution to the special issue of HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies that is dedicated to Prof. Buitendag, I will explore what Prof. Buitendag’s notion of a ‘revised natural theology’ might mean for the theological reception of the scientific theory of biological evolution. I argue that two extremes must be avoided here. One is the fideistic ignoring of (or refusal to take into account) the data that have been placed on the table regarding the evolutionary development of life on earth, as if these do not concern theology. The other extreme that theology must steer clear of is a scientistic over-interpretation of our knowledge of the evolutionary past, whereby the theory of evolution is magnified to a comprehensive philosophy of life (‘evolutionism’) that is incompatible with Christian faith.
‘Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD!’ A chiastic structure for Matthew 21:1–23:39
Authors: Scholtz Jacob J.
Published: November 2014

The identity and authority of Jesus Christ is of fundamental importance. As Jesus’ public ministry is about to commence, God the Father attests to Jesus’ identity and the Spirit of God comes to rest on Jesus. The Gospel of Matthew, however, narrates the conflict over the Person and message of the King. As his public ministry is about to end, Jesus is involved in five controversies concerning his authority and identity. This article proposes a chiastic structure of Matthew 21:1–23:39, which focuses on the authority and identity of Jesus Christ, Lord and Son of David.‘Geseënd is Hy wat kom in die Naam van die Here!’ Die chiastiese struktuur van Matteus 21:1–23:39. Die identiteit en gesag van Jesus Christus is van grondliggende belang. Aan die begin van Jesus se openbare bediening, bevestig God die Vader Jesus se identiteit en God se Gees kom rus op Hom. Die Evangelie van Matteus vertel egter van die konflik oor die Persoon en boodskap van die Koning. Naby die einde van sy openbare bediening is Jesus in ’n stryd oor vyf twispunte rakende sy gesag en identiteit gewikkel. Hierdie artikel stel ’n chiastiese struktuur van Matteus 21:1–23:39 voor, wat op die gesag en identiteit van Jesus Christus, Here en Seun van Dawid fokus.
Pre-injury neuro-psychiatric medication use, alone or in combination with cardiac medications, may affect outcomes in trauma patients
Authors: Wisler JR , Springer AN , Hateley K , Mo XM , Evans DC , Cook CH , Gerlach AT , Murphy CV , Eiferman DS , Steinberg SM , Bergese SD , Papadimos TJ , Stawicki SP
Published: November 2014

Background:

Recent review of older (≥45-years-old) patients admitted to our trauma center showed that more than one-third were using neuro-psychiatric medications (NPMs) prior to their injury-related admission. Previously published data suggests that use of NPMs may increase patients’ risk and severity of injury. We sought to examine the impact of pre-injury NPM use on older trauma patients’ morbidity and mortality.

Materials and Methods:

Retrospective record review included medication regimen characteristics and NPM use (antidepressants-AD, antipsychotics-AP, anxiolytics-AA). Hospital morbidity, mortality, and 90-day survival were examined. Comparisons included regimens involving NPMs, further focusing on their interactions with various cardiac medications (beta blocker - BB; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker - ACE/ARB; calcium channel blocker - CCB).

Results:

712 patient records were reviewed (399 males, mean age 63.5 years, median ISS 8). 245 patients were taking at least 1 NPM: AD (158), AP (35), or AA (108) before injury. There was no effect of NPM monotherapy on hospital mortality. Patients taking ≥3 NPMs had significantly lower 90-day survival compared to patients taking ≤2 NPMs (81% for 3 or more NPMs, 95% for no NPMs, and 89% 1-2 NPMs, P < 0.01). Several AD-cardiac medication (CM) combinations were associated with increased mortality compared to monotherapy with either agent (BB-AD 14.7% mortality versus 7.0% for AD monotherapy or 4.8% BB monotherapy, P < 0.05). Combinations of ACE/ARB-AA were associated with increased mortality compared to ACE/ARB monotherapy (11.5% vs 4.9, P = 0.04). Finally, ACE/ARB-AD co-administration had higher mortality than ACE/ARB monotherapy (13.5% vs 4.9%, P = 0.01).

Conclusions:

Large proportion of older trauma patients was using pre-injury NPMs. Several regimens involving NPMs and CMs were associated with increased in-hospital mortality. Additionally, use of ≥3 NPMs was associated with lower 90-day survival.
Cardiac pathology in chronic alcoholics
Authors: Vaideeswar P , Chaudhari C , Rane S , Gondhalekar J , Dandekar S
Published: November 2014

Background:

Ethyl alcohol exerts both positive and negative effects on the cardiovascular system. Alcoholic cardiomyopathy, produced by direct or indirect mechanisms, is well-documented. An important, but seldom appreciated effect is an increase in iron deposition in the myocardium, which can add to the cardiac dysfunction. The present study was planned to document the pathological features and iron levels in the cardiac tissue of patients who were chronic alcoholics and correlate these characteristics with the liver pathology and iron content.

Materials and Methods:

An autopsy-based prospective study of 40 consecutive patients compared with ten age matched controls (no history of alcohol intake). Histopathological changes like the morphology of the cardiac myocytes, degree of fibrosis (interstitial, interfiber, perivascular, and replacement), presence of inflammatory cells, increased capillary network, and adipose tissue deposition were noted and graded. These were also correlated with the liver pathology. The iron content in the heart and liver were measured by using calorimetry.

Results:

All cases had increased epicardial adipose tissue with epicardial and endocardial fibrosis, prominence of interstitial and interfiber fibrosis, myofiber degeneration, and increased capillary network; this was particularly prominent in patients with cirrhosis. Elemental iron level in heart tissue was raised in the cases relative to controls.

Conclusions:

Alcohol produces subclinical changes in the myocardium, with an increased iron content, which may be the forerunner for subsequent clinical cardiac dysfunction.
Resolution of granuloma annulare following treatment with bendamustine and rituximab in a patient with follicular lymphoma
Authors: Shah BK , Hewett Y , Peterson A , Tretheway D
Published: November 2014

Granuloma annulare is a benign inflammatory dermatosis. Cell-mediated immunity and delayed hypersensitivity are proposed pathogenic mechanisms. We report in this paper a case of generalized granuloma annulare that resolved after the patient was treated with rituximab and bendamustine for stage IV follicular lymphoma.
Longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis due to tuberculosis
Authors: Sahu SK , Giri S , Gupta N
Published: November 2014

Tuberculosis of the central nervous system (CNS) accounts for approximately 1% of all cases of tuberculosis and half of these involve the spine. Intramedullary involvement is rare in tuberculosis and usually present in the form of radiculomyelitis, transverse myelitis, intraspinal granulomas, or thrombosis of anterior spinal artery. Transverse myelitis typically extends two or less spinal segments, whereas longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) extends three or more spinal segments in length and may occasionally span all the segments of the spinal cord. LETM is most frequently associated with neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Moreover, associations between NMO and active pulmonary tuberculosis have been suggested by a number of case reports and case series. We present here four cases of spinal tuberculosis that presented with LETM and none of them had a clinical profile fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for NMO.
The shape of the dust-likeness locus of self-similar sets
Authors: Aoki Miwa , Fujimura Masayo , Taniguchi Masahiko
Published: November 2014

We prove that the dust-likeness locus in the deformation space of a contractive holomorphic linear iterated function systemis coincidentwith the quasiconformal deformation space. Also, we determine explicitly the dust-likeness locus restricted to several slices which are different from the Mandelbrot one, and provide specific examples that show diversity of self-similar sets.
Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination: Recent Trends in Prevalence and Recommendations in India
Authors: Patel Megha Snehal , Kakkad Khyati Mitesh , Patel Snehal Vitthalbhai
Published: November 2014

Cervical cancer, mainly caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, is the leading cause of cancer mortality and morbidity in Indian women. Vaccination being the most effective preventive option, and with the availability of two vaccines, quarries and controversies have stirred much debate and excitement regarding the mandatory vaccination, safety, boosters and cost effectiveness, especially in the Indian scenario.

How to cite this article

Patel MS, Kakkad KM, Patel SV. Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination: Recent Trends in Prevalence and Recommendations in India. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2014;2(1):26-30.
Unexplained Unilateral Absence of Fallopian Tube and Ovary: A Rare Occurrence
Authors: Sukhadiya Mehul , Grover Shweta Varade
Published: November 2014

Objective

To present a case of right-sided unilateral tubal and ovarian absence, along with laparoscopic images.

Patient

A 23-year-old patient presented with primary infertility of 4 years’ duration. Right adnexal structures were not visualized on transvaginal ultrasound and laparoscopy.

Intervention

Diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy.

Main outcome measure

Complete absence of the right fallopian tube together with ovary was detected during laparoscopy. Subsequent urinary tract evaluation with intravenous pyelography was planned.

Result

Ipsilateral absence of the fallopian tube and ovary without any other system anomalies were detected.

Conclusion

Torsion or congenital defect might be the possible etiologic factors. However, vascular accident stands in the forefront of suggested etiologies. Laparoscopy is a feasible option as a diagnostic tool for these kinds of cases.

How to cite this article

Sukhadiya M, Grover SV. Unexplained Unilateral Absence of Fallopian Tube and Ovary: A Rare Occurrence. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2014;2(1): 46-47.
The impact of oceanic heat transport on the atmospheric circulation
Authors: Knietzsch M.-A. , Lucarini V. , Lunkeit F.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. A general circulation model of intermediate complexity with an idealized earthlike aquaplanet setup is used to study the impact of changes in the oceanic heat transport on the global atmospheric circulation. Focus is put on the Lorenz energy cycle and the atmospheric mean meridional circulation. The latter is analysed by means of the Kuo–Eliassen equation. The atmospheric heat transport compensates the imposed oceanic heat transport changes to a large extent in conjunction with significant modification of the general circulation. Up to a maximum about 3 PW, an increase of the oceanic heat transport leads to an increase of the global mean near-surface temperature and a decrease of its equator-to-pole gradient. For larger transports, the gradient is reduced further but the global mean remains approximately constant. This is linked to a cooling and a reversal of the temperature gradient in the tropics. A larger oceanic heat transport leads to a reduction of all reservoirs and conversions of the Lorenz energy cycle but of different relative magnitude for the individual components. The available potential energy of the zonal mean flow and its conversion to eddy available potential energy are affected most. Both the Hadley and Ferrel cell show a decline for increasing oceanic heat transport, with the Hadley cell being more sensitive. Both cells exhibit a poleward shift of their maxima, and the Hadley cell broadens for larger oceanic transports. The partitioning, by means of the Kuo–Eliassen equation, reveals that zonal mean diabatic heating and friction are the most important sources for changes of the Hadley cell, while the behaviour of the Ferrell cell is mostly controlled by friction.
Large-scale 3-D modeling by integration of resistivity models and borehole data through inversion
Authors: Foged N. , Marker P. A. , Christansen A. V. , Bauer-Gottwein P. , Jørgensen F. , Høyer A.-S. , Auken E.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. We present an automatic method for parameterization of a 3-D model of the subsurface, integrating lithological information from boreholes with resistivity models through an inverse optimization, with the objective of further detailing of geological models, or as direct input into groundwater models. The parameter of interest is the clay fraction, expressed as the relative length of clay units in a depth interval. The clay fraction is obtained from lithological logs and the clay fraction from the resistivity is obtained by establishing a simple petrophysical relationship, a translator function, between resistivity and the clay fraction. Through inversion we use the lithological data and the resistivity data to determine the optimum spatially distributed translator function. Applying the translator function we get a 3-D clay fraction model, which holds information from the resistivity data set and the borehole data set in one variable. Finally, we use k-means clustering to generate a 3-D model of the subsurface structures. We apply the procedure to the Norsminde survey in Denmark, integrating approximately 700 boreholes and more than 100 000 resistivity models from an airborne survey in the parameterization of the 3-D model covering 156 km2. The final five-cluster 3-D model differentiates between clay materials and different high-resistivity materials from information held in the resistivity model and borehole observations, respectively.
Technical Note: Field experiences using UV/VIS sensors for high-resolution monitoring of nitrate in groundwater
Authors: Huebsch M. , Grimmeisen F. , Zemann M. , Fenton O. , Richards K. G. , Jordan P. , Sawarieh A. , Blum P. , Goldscheider N.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Two different in-situ spectrophotometers are compared that were used in the field to determine nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) concentrations at two distinct spring discharge sites. One sensor was a double wavelength spectrophotometer (DWS) and the other a multiple wavelength spectrophotometer (MWS). The objective of the study was to review the hardware options, determine ease of calibration, accuracy, influence of additional substances and to assess positive and negative aspects of the two sensors as well as troubleshooting and trade-offs. Both sensors are sufficient to monitor highly time-resolved NO3-N concentrations in emergent groundwater. However, the chosen path length of the sensors had a significant influence on the sensitivity and the range of detectable NO3-N. The accuracy of the calculated NO3-N concentrations of the sensors can be affected, if the content of additional substances such as turbidity, organic matter, nitrite or hydrogen carbonate significantly varies after the sensors have been calibrated to a particular water matrix. The MWS offers more possibilities for calibration and error detection, but requires more expertise compared with the DWS.
Simulating long-term past changes in the balance between water demand and availability and assessing their main drivers at the river basin management scale
Authors: Fabre J. , Ruelland D. , Dezetter A. , Grouillet B.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. The aim of this study was to assess the balance between water demand and availability and its spatial and temporal variability from 1971 to 2009 in the Herault (2500 km2, France) and the Ebro (85 000 km2, Spain) catchments. Natural streamflow was evaluated using a conceptual hydrological model. The regulation of river flow was accounted for through a widely applicable demand-driven reservoir management model applied to the largest dam in the Herault basin and to 11 major dams in the Ebro basin. Urban water demand was estimated from population and monthly unit water consumption data. Water demand for irrigation was computed from irrigated area, crop and soil data, and climatic forcing. Finally, a series of indicators comparing water supply and water demand at strategic resource and demand nodes were computed at a 10 day time step. Variations in water stress in each catchment over the past 40 years were successfully modeled, taking into account climatic and anthropogenic pressures and changes in water management strategies over time. Observed changes in discharge were explained by separating human and hydro-climatic pressures on water resources: respectively 20 and 3% of the decrease in the Ebro and the Herault discharges were linked to human-induced changes. Although key areas of the Herault basin were shown to be highly sensitive to hydro-climatic variability, the balance between water uses and availability in the Ebro basin appears to be more critical, owing to high agricultural pressure on water resources. The proposed modeling framework is currently being used to assess water stress under climatic and socio-economic prospective scenarios. Further research will investigate the effectiveness of adaptation policies aimed at maintaining the balance between water use and availability.
A catalog of high-impact windstorms in Switzerland since 1859
Authors: Stucki P. , Brönnimann S. , Martius O. , Welker C. , Imhof M. , von Wattenwyl N. , Philipp N.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. In recent decades, extremely hazardous windstorms have caused enormous losses to buildings, infrastructure and forests in Switzerland. This has increased societal and scientific interest in the intensity and frequency of historical high-impact storms. However, high-resolution wind data and damage statistics mostly span recent decades only. For this study, we collected quantitative (e.g., volumes of windfall timber, losses relating to buildings) and descriptive (e.g., forestry or insurance reports) information on the impact of historical windstorms. To define windstorm severity, normalized and declustered quantitative data were processed by extreme value statistics. Descriptive information was classified using a conceptual guideline. Validation with independent damage information, as well as comparison with wind measurements and a reanalysis, indicates that the most hazardous winter storms are captured, while too few moderate windstorms are detected. Strong storms in the wind measurements and reanalysis are thus added to the catalog. The final catalog encompasses approximately 240 high-impact windstorms in Switzerland since 1859. It features three robust severity classes and contains eight extreme windstorms. Evidence of high winter storm activity in the early and late 20th century compared to the mid-20th century in both damage and wind data indicates a co-variability of hazard and related damage on decadal timescales.
Generalized drought assessment in Dongliao river basin based on water resources system
Authors: Weng B. S. , Yan D. H. , Wang H. , Qin T. L. , Yin J.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Drought is firstly a resource issue, and with its development it transforms into a disaster issue. The occurrences of drought events usually feature determinacy and randomness. Drought issue has become one of the major factors to affect sustainable economic and social development. In this paper, we propose the generalized drought assessment index (GDAI) based on water resources system for assessing drought events. The GDAI considers water supply and water demand using a distributed hydrological model. We demonstrate the use of the proposed index in the Dongliao river basin (DRB) in the northeast China. The results simulated by the GDAI are then compared to observed drought disaster records in DRB. As second, the temporal distribution of drought events and the spatial distribution of drought frequency from the GDAI are compared with the traditional approach (i.e. the SPI, the PDSI, and the RWD). Then, generalized drought times (GDT), generalized drought duration (GDD), and generalized drought severity (GDS) were calculated by theory of runs. Application of the GDT, the GDD, and the GDS of various drought levels (i.e. mild drought, moderate drought, severe drought, and extreme drought) to the period 1960–2010 shows that the centers of gravity of them are all distributed in the middle reached of DRB, and change with time. The proposed methodology helps water managers in water-stressed regions to quantify the impact of drought, consequently, to make decisions regarding coping with drought issue.
Connecting government, libraries and communities: Information behavior theory and information intermediaries in the design of LibEGov.org
Authors: Jaeger Paul T. , Gorham Ursula , Bertot John Carlo , Taylor Natalie Greene , Larson Elizabeth , Lincoln Ruth , Lazar Jonathan , Wentz Brian
Published: November 2014

As e-government grows in scope and complexity, an increasing number of e-government services have surpassed the digital technology access and literacy of many members of the public. The “digitally excluded” often seek information intermediaries — such as public libraries and other community anchor institutions — to bridge their information needs and e-government systems. The purpose of this paper is to examine the phenomenon of user-librarian-agency government interaction within the context of the information worlds framework. In this paper, the authors describe the data — surveys, case studies, interviews, site visits, and usability and accessibility testing — used to analyze the needs of the public, libraries, and government agencies. The paper then describes how the authors, using key concepts from the theory of information worlds, developed an online resource to assist information intermediaries. The study yields findings about libraries as a social institution, as well as expands upon the theory of information worlds so that it better reflects the information behavior and needs of meso level institutions. By examining the development of this resource through the lens of the theory of information worlds and within the context of digital inclusion, this paper offers a new perspective on how libraries can best facilitate information access between government agencies and members of the public. Moreover, the diversity and dispersion of the group of meso level institutions studied revealed the need to consider a new element within this theory: bridges that serve as tangible (physical or digital) mechanisms and channels that facilitate the exchange of information and interaction across boundaries.
Academics and their online networks: Exploring the role of academic social networking sites
Authors: Jordan Katy
Published: November 2014

The rapid rise in popularity of online social networking has been followed by a slew of services aimed at an academic audience. This project sought to explore network structure in these sites, and to explore trends in network structure by surveying participants about their use of sites and motivations for making connections. Social network analysis revealed that discipline was influential in defining community structure, while academic seniority was linked to the position of nodes within the network. The survey revealed a contradiction between academics use of the sites and their position within the networks the sites foster. Junior academics were found to be more active users of the sites, agreeing to a greater extent with the perceived benefits, yet having fewer connections and occupying a more peripheral position in the network.
Analyzing Islamic Micro Finance Performance with Economic Value Added (EVA): Learning from Baitul Wat Tamwil (BMT) Usaha Gabungan Terpadu Sidogiri Indonesia
Authors: Inayati Titik , Subroto Bambang , Fachan Achmad , Djazuli Atim
Published: November 2014

Analyzing Islamic Micro Finance Performance with Economic Value Added (EVA). EVA analysis is used for deciding the regulations of investment of BMT. Monetary report is analyzed with  EVA, Net Operating Profit After Tax (NOPAT), Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), and Invested Capital. The result of performance using EVA shows that BMT can create value. NOPAT underwent a significant increase compare with the capital fund. The profit that is created is higher than accounting profit which shows that BMT has a very good performance. The capital which is consists of debt and equity has been used efficiently and effectively so that it can increase the profit. The BMT officer should pay attention to the financial performance in order to decide the regulation and investment that will be done. Investment and activity which is done by BMT should be resulted more value so that it can give the real profit for the development of BMT.
Religion, Classical Utopias, and the French Revolution The Strange Career of a Revolutionary Classicist in the Strange Course of a French Revolution
Authors: RUPRECHT LOUIS A.
Published: November 2014

This article begins with an examination of the conflicting trajectories of utopian thinking in nineteenth century revolutionary thought. More specifically, it examines the role played by idealizing images of Classical Greece in French Revolutionary thought, by playing on the double meaning built into the Greek term for utopia: as an “ideal place” or else as “no place.” Viewed as a non-place, we may notice how idealized portraits of Greek antiquity construct a place that never really existed, and paint a picture of an ideal that is defined by nothing so much as its lack of the problems widely associated with Early Modernity. The article turns next to the career of Antoine Chrysostome Quatremere de Quincy (1755–1849), perhaps the most famous Neoclassical art historian in the generation after Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717–1768). The article examines Quatremere's complex revolutionary career as a way to highlight the political consequences of competing ways of imagining the Classical past and the Neoclassical present.
Toward an Ethic of Failure in Three Novels by Herman Melville
Authors: FAUSTINO ELLIE
Published: November 2014

Herman Melville's final novel, The Confidence-Man, unsettles conventional Western ethics by exposing and challenging their basis in rationality and a progressivist model of history. In this late work, Melville shows rationality to be nothing more than one way, among many other possible ways, that human beings attempt to fix the world in their understanding and justify their moral choices. I use these insights from The Confidence-Man to shed light on Melville's opposition to the missionaries' work of civilizing and converting the South Sea Islanders in his earlier travelogues. In Typee, his first novel, Melville demonstrates that layers of existence—in fact, real human lives—are denied when the story of human relations is framed as a narrative of progress. This article concludes by proposing that Melville attempts to rework the idea of failure as a potential strategy against the totalizing narrative of advancing rationalism.
Perspectives on the Potential for Social Media to Improve Communication in Small Business–Bank Relationships
Authors: Durkin Mark , McGowan Pauric , Murray Lisa
Published: November 2014

Relationships with the small business sector have traditionally been largely neglected by banking institutions. However, as a result of recent turmoil in the world's economy and the ongoing impact of the recession, banks find themselves in a quandary about how best to support those within the small firm sector in times of tight credit. With increasing regulation, market fragmentation and increased competition, banks face real challenges to improve communication and establish profitable and long-term relationships with their small firm clients. Through conceptual modelling and empirical research, this paper explores the small business– bank relationship and examines the extent to which social media may facilitate more effective communication in that relationship. A qualitative research methodology uncovers perceptions of both senior bank executives and small firm owner-managers with respect to the perceived value social media can bring to communication within the small firm–bank relationship. The findings indicate that bankers saw little merit in any communication opportunities afforded by social media, while the owner-managers could see great value in such new media channels for improved communication. Through theoretical modelling, the differences in perception were classified at the levels of context, content and competency. It is concluded that, while social media could add value to the small firm–bank relationship, the medium would be most effective when used in a secondary capacity to personal face-to-face relationship building.
New Social Tasks for Cognitive Psychology; Or, New Cognitive Tasks for Social Psychology
Authors: Wettersten John
Published: November 2014

To elucidate how differing theories of rationality lead to differing practices, their social rules must be analyzed. This is true not merely in science but also in society at large. This analysis of social thinking requires both the identification of innate cognitive social psychological processes and explanations of their relations with differing rules of rational practice. These new tasks can enable social psychologists to contribute to the study of how social situations facilitate or inhibit rational practice and enable cognitive psychologists to improve social psychological theory. In contrast to dominant current research strategies, social and cognitive psychologists can integrate social studies of rational practices and their consequences with studies of underlying cognitive psychological processes. In this article I do not attempt to carry out these tasks but rather point to both their lack of recognition and their importance.
E. B. Titchener, Women Psychologists, and the Experimentalists
Authors: Proctor Robert W. , Evans Rand
Published: November 2014

A well-known fact is that E. B. Titchener, a major figure in psychology in the first quarter of the 20th century, excluded women from the group known as the Experimentalists, which he formed in 1904. This fact provides the basis for depicting him as a misogynist. Less well known and publicized is that he was arguably the strongest advocate for women psychologists in the United States throughout his academic career. He supervised the graduate study of Margaret Washburn, the first woman to receive a PhD in psychology in the United States, directed more than 20 dissertations for women psychologists, most of which were published in The American Journal of Psychology, and influenced and befriended others who were not his PhD students. The purpose of this article is to make psychologists more aware of the prominent role Titchener played in the education of early women psychologists and to reconcile this contribution with his position that the Experimentalists should be restricted to men.
A French Description of the Psychology Laboratory of G. S. Hall at Clark University in 1893
Authors: Nicolas Serge , Young Jacy L.
Published: November 2014

There is a rich tradition of writings about the foundation of psychology laboratories, particularly in the United States and in France. Like their German counterparts, American laboratories of psychology were described by several scholars in French journals. These descriptions stimulated the establishment of laboratories in France and provided templates for laboratory designs. We introduce here an article written by Marcel Baudouin (1860–1941), who visited and subsequently described the psychology laboratory of Granville Stanley Hall (1844–1924) at Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts. The English translation of Baudouin’s paper, provided here, constitutes an interesting new document on Hall’s laboratory at Clark University as it stood in 1893. From the French perspective, the Clark laboratory provided an ideal model for the experimental psychology laboratory.