bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Beta Bank Sampah Community in Plastic Waste Management in Hative Besar Village, Ambon City
Authors: Kappy Tresia M , Maimina Steiven , Latue Philia Christi , Rakuasa Heinrich
Published: September 2023

As an alternative solution to the waste problem, the development of waste banks is one of the social engineering activities that teach people to sort waste and foster public awareness in waste management. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Beta Waste Bank in managing plastic waste in Hative Besar Village, Teluk Ambon District, Ambon City. The type of research used in this research is descriptive qualitative. This research was conducted in Hative Besar Village, Teluk Ambon District, Ambon City. The subjects in this study were the founders of Beta Bank Sampah and Beta Bank Sampah customers totaling 12 people. The variable in this study uses a single variable, namely the waste bank manager. The single variable will be described by referring to Permen LH No. 13 of 2012. In this study, researchers used several data collection techniques, namely, observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. Based on the results of the research conducted, Beta Bank Sampah is a community that is actively engaged in efforts to maintain environmental balance by carrying out the process of recycling plastic waste into economically valuable creations. good awareness efforts towards environmental cleanliness, especially towards the impact of the threat of plastic waste which is increasing along with the growth rate of society. and Beta Bank Sampah has helped the city government in realizing the clean Ambon program by reducing the use of plastic waste in people's lives.
Peranan BUMDes Dalam Pembangunan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Desa Taringgul Landeuh Kecamatan Kiarapedes Kabupaten Purwakrata
Authors: Sauri Sopyan , Jamaludin Amud , Rosita Dina , Farha Hilma Mega , Jaelani Jejen
Published: September 2023

Implementasi BUMDes belum sepenuhnya dilaksanakan oleh seluruh desa yang ada di Indonesia hingga dikeluarkannya UU Nomor 6 Tahun 2014. Bahkan di beberapa daerah, keberadaan BUMDes masih belum bisa berjalan efektif dan mampu memberi kontribusi bagi pembangunan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat  di desanya. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan dana BUMDes dengan mengambil studi kasus di Desa Taringgul Landeuh Kecamatan Kiarapedes Kabupaten Purwakarta yang merupakan salah satu desa yang mengimplementasikan BUMDes yang secara garis besar tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah:  Pertama, untuk mengetahui keterlibatan masyarakat Desa Taringgul Landeuh dalam pemanfaatan dana BUMDes. Kedua, untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan dana BUMDes di Desa Taringgul Landeuh. Ketiga, untuk mengetahui kontribusi BUMDes di Desa Taringgul Landeuh dalam pembangunan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Metode dalam Studi ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengumpulan  data  dalam  penelitian  ini  dilakukan  dengan  cara  wawancara  terstruktur dengan kuesioner kepada 50 responden untuk pengumpulan data primer dan pengumpulan data sekunder dari Desa Taringgul Landeuh. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi masyarakat dalam kegiatan BUMDes masih kurang karena pengetahuan masyarakat  terhadap  program  BUMDes  masih  sedikit.  Terkait pemanfaatan bagi pemberdayaan masyarakat masih belum maksimal karena sejumlah kendala terutama anggaran BUMDes.
Collaborative Governance Of Marine Plastic Waste Of Local Administrative Organizations In Thailand Case Study: Phuket City Municipality
Authors: SUREEPORN SALAPSRI  , Associate Professor Dr. SIRIPORN YAMNILL
Published: September 2023

This article aims to study the collaborative role of Phuket City Municipality in marine plastic waste management among public, private and social sector. Selection of key informants was done by a theoretical sampling method through Collaborative Governance theory. The sample group was divided into 3 groups: government, private and social sector. Since it was a case study, key informants were selected by purposive sampling. The tool used was semi-structured interview and analyzed data by content analysis and triangulation validation.

              The findings showed that Phuket City Municipality has created cooperation among government, private and social sector according to the legal authority, clear goals system to drive in every dimension as follows: 1.Government sector: Phuket City Municipality collects, transports, and disposes the waste according to its duty. Phuket Provincial Committee was established to be a driver and integrator in the cluster of local administrative organizations ,  local government agencies , international organizations and ministerial level. 2. Private sector creates cooperation with large waste sources to participate in the management of source waste through social networks. 3. Social sector by building cooperation through community leaders and the community of Phuket City Municipality, promoting the processing of recycled products, creating a provincial environmental foundation to reduce bureaucratic constraints, educating on waste management through municipal schools, creation of communication channels to solve problems with the people, and building cooperation with educational institutions to educate and build cooperation with the public. The cooperation of these 3 sectors is in line with the concept of Collaborative Governance
Pembatalan Pernikahan Akibat Penipuan Identitas Poligami
Authors: Yusuf Helmi
Published: September 2023

This research examines cases of marriage annulment due to polygamous identity fraud in the Religious Court of Bandung. The study aims to analyze the considerations and legal basis of the Bandung Religious Court in deciding first-instance, appellate, and cassation cases related to the annulment of marriages due to polygamous identity fraud. The research method used is document analysis based on court decisions related to such cases. The data analyzed include the judges' considerations, legal foundations, and factors influencing the court's decisions. The findings reveal that the Bandung Religious Court considers aspects such as the validity of the marriage, the domicile of the parties involved, witness testimonies, and the timing of the annulment request. The legal basis referred to includes Article 73 letter d of the Compilation of Islamic Law and Article 27 paragraph 3 of Law No. 1 of 1974. On the other hand, the appellate and Supreme Courts consider the presence of mediators and the social implications of marriage annulment.
การเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพการดูดซับสีย้อมเมทิลลีน บลู ในน้ำด้วยถ่านกัมมันต์ที่มีรูพรุนเมโซพอร์จากเหง้ามันสำปะหลังที่เตรียมด้วยกระบวนการไฮโดรเทอร์มอลคาร์บอไนเซชันแบบหม้อเดียว
Authors: ภูริรักษ์พิติกร เจนจิรา , ปลื้มใจ กิตติยา , เฟื่องชูนุช วรินดา , ชื่นชม แหลมทอง
Published: September 2023

อุตสาหกรรมฟอกย้อมเป็นหนึ่งในอุตสาหกรรมกลางน้ำที่สำคัญของอุตสาหกรรมสิ่งทอในประเทศไทย กระบวนการผลิตนั้นต้องใช้สีย้อมเป็นวัตถุดิบหลัก เมื่อน้ำเสียที่ปนเปื้อนไปด้วยสีย้อมถูกปล่อยลงสู่แหล่งน้ำสาธารณะ จะส่งผลกระทบต่อระบบนิเวศและสุขภาพของมนุษย์ในพื้นที่ข้างเคียง งานวิจัยนี้จึงมีวัตถุประสงค์ที่จะพัฒนาประสิทธิภาพวัสดุดูดซับจำพวกถ่านกัมมันต์ที่ได้จากวัสดุเหลือทิ้งทางการเกษตรให้มีสามารถในการกำจัดสีย้อมออกจากน้ำทิ้งมากขึ้น ด้วยการสร้างรูพรุนเมโซพอร์เพิ่มเติมในโครงสร้างของถ่านกัมมันต์ ในงานศึกษาวิจัยนี้ถ่านกัมมันต์จะเตรียมจากเหง้ามันสำปะหลัง โดยใช้ ZnCl2เป็นตัวกระตุ้น ผ่านกระบวนการไฮโดรเทอร์มอลคาร์บอไนเซชันแบบหม้อเดียว ตามด้วยการคาร์บอไนเซชั่นของไฮโดรชาร์ที่ได้ ณ อุณหภูมิ 800 องศาเซลเซียส ซึ่งพบว่า สภาวะที่เหมาะสมในการเตรียมถ่านกัมมันต์จากเหง้ามันสำปะหลังให้มีพื้นที่ผิวจำเพาะสูงสุด คือ การใช้ ZnCl2 ในอัตราส่วนต่อเหง้ามันสำปะหลังเท่ากับ 3 โดยมวล (3.0Z-AC) ถ่านกัมมันต์ที่ได้นี้มีโครงสร้างรูพรุนแบบสองลักษณะในช่วงไมโครพอร์และเมโซพอร์ โดยมีพื้นที่ผิวจำเพาะสูงถึง 1,405 ตารางเมตรต่อกรัม และมีปริมาตรรูพรุน ไมโครพอร์และเมโซพอร์มากถึง 0.42 และ 0.54 ลูกบาศก์เซนติเมตรต่อกรัม ตามลำดับ จากการศึกษาการดูดซับสีย้อมเมทิลลีน บลู ในน้ำสีสังเคราะห์ด้วยถ่านกัมมันต์ดังกล่าว พบว่า มีพฤติกรรมการดูดซับแบบชั้นเดียวสอดคล้องกับแบบจำลองการดูดซับของแลงเมียร์ (R2 = 0.9993) โดยมีระยะเวลาสมดุลในการดูดซับเมทิลลีน บลู 210 นาที และมีค่าความจุการดูดซับเมทิลลีน บลู สูงสุดถึง 274 มิลลิกรัมต่อกรัม ขณะที่ถ่านกัมมันต์ทางการค้าใช้เวลาในการดูดซับถึง 270 นาที และมีค่าการดูดซับสูงสุดเพียง 260 มิลลิกรัมต่อกรัม
Pendampingan Produksi Martabak Manis Ubi Ungu
Authors: Ulva Siti Maria , Soimah Nurus , Hariyati Tati , Imelda Dewi Qomariah
Published: September 2023

Martabak manis ungu tidak hanya enak tetapi juga baik untuk dikonsumsi dan menyehatkan. Usaha martabak manis ungu sangat cocok bagi wirausaha pemula yang ingin mencoba berwirausaha tanpa menggunakan modal besar, karena bahan-bahan martabak manis ubi relatif murah dan mudah ditemukan. Mahasiswa Universitas Kaltara menjadi sasaran dalam pelaksanan kegiatan ini. Pendampingan Kelompok Young Preneur Dalam Proses Produksi martabak manis bertujuan untuk memberikan pengalaman kepada mahasiswa dalam mengelola sebuah usaha dalam hal ini memproduksi martabak manis. Kegiatan pendampingan ini dilaksanakan dengan metode ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi dan diakhiri dengan sesi praktek pembuatan martabak manis. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Tanjung Palas Kabupaten Bulungan pada Januari 2020.  Peserta kegiatan ini berjumlah 9 orang. Setelah mengikuti kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu kunci mencari peluang di dunia usaha, dalam hal ini memanfaatkan ubi ungu untuk menciptakan varian rasa baru dalam jajanan martabak manis.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Kecap Dan Nata De Coco Dari Limbah Air Kelapa di Desa Gunung Putih
Authors: Pangerang Fitrah , Christyanti Ratna Dwi , Muazansyah Imam
Published: September 2023

Desa Gunung Putih terletak di Kecamatan Tanjung Palas, Kabupaten Bulungan, Kalimantan Utara yang merupakan wilayah potensial penghasil kelapa disamping tanaman perkebunan lainnya. Pengolahan produk kelapa selama ini umumnya masih terpusat pada pengolahan hasil daging buah sebagai hasil utama, sedangkan air kelapa cenderung hanya sebagai hasil samping dari buah kelapa. Air kelapa lebih banyak dibuang bersama limbah rumah tangga lainnya daripada dimanfaatkan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dan pengetahuan ibu-ibu Kelompok Tani kelapa dalam hal pengolahan pangan sekaligus menyelesaikan permasalahan limbah air kelapa. Program kegiatan ini berupa pelatihan pembuatan kecap dan nata de coco. Metode yang dipakai dalam pengabdian ini adalah metode pelatihan, demostrasi dan pendampingan pembuatan Kecap dan Nata de Coco hingga siap dipasarkan melalui penyuluhan kemanfaatan limbah kelapa menjadi produk bernilai ekonomis, demostrasi pembuatan kecap dan Nata de coco. Peserta kegiatan adalah ibu-ibu tani masyarakat Desa Gunung Putih. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan tersebut adalah peserta kegiatan mampu: (1) membuat kecap dan Nata De Coco dari air kelapa yang diperoleh dari lingkungan sekitar; (2) memasarkan Kecap dan Nata de Coco untuk dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat luas. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat tersebut diharapkan dapat mendukung pemberdayaan perempuan/ibu rumah tangga dan dan meningkatkan ekomomi keluarga.
Penguatan Materi Pembelajaran Berbasis TIK Pada Masa Pembelajaran Daring Ditengah Wabah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Firdaus Adella Tiara Bintara , Assayyidah Jasmine , Setiawan Agung
Published: September 2023

Indonesia merupkan salah satu negara yang mengalami pandemi Covid-19. Penyakit ini diketahui ada karena sindrom pernapasan akut dan termasuk penyakit menular. Sehingga berdampak pada kehidupan seluruh masyarakat indonesia. Kebijakan demi kebijakan dari pemerintah mulai diterapkan, diantaranya masyarakat wajib menerapkan 3M (menjaga jarak, memakai masker, mencuci tangan) dalam aktivitas sehari hari dengan tujuan mengurangi penularan Covid-19 dan menekan angka kematian diindonesia. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk mengetahui permasalahn pembelajaran dimasa pandemi Covid-19 dan penguatan materi pembelajaran dimasa pandemi Covid-19. Metode studi literature adalah metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini, dengan meninjau refrensi dan sumber data penelitian yang terkait. Dunia pendidikan juga mengalami perubahan diantaranya pembelajaran tatap muka dihapuskan dan diganti dengan pembelajaran daring. Banyak permasalahn yang timbul akibat penerapan pembelajaran daring, mulai dari fasilitas yang kurang memadahi, perekonomian, kendala sinyal, hingga kurangnya pemgetahuan untuk mengakses teknologi. Kerjasama dan komunikasi yang baik antara pendidik, peserta didik, dan orang tua sangat diperlukan demi kelancaran pembelajaran daring dan tercapainya tujun pembelajaran secara sempurna. Hikmah dari pembelajaran daring mulai terlihat dengan metode dan media pembelajaran yang lebih inovatif, pemanfaatan teknologi dengan benar dan sumber belajar siswa semakin luas.
Pengenalan Tanaman Toga Dan Manfaatnya Bagi Kesehatan
Authors: Hariyati Tati , Putra Marlan Usmani , Lesmana Rina
Published: September 2023

Pasca pandemi copit-19 yang telah terjadi beberapa tahun lalu memberikan pengalaman bagi kita pentingnya menjaga kesehatan, TOGA  merupaan salah satu tanaman obat yang kaya akan manfaat bagi kesehatan kita. Selain itu mudah didapat, harga murah dan memiliki khasiat yang sangat penting bagi tubuh, hal ini karena dapat membatu memberikan pengobatan alternative, dimana oleh masyarakat lokal sudah sejak dulu menggunakan obat alami sebagai obat trasional secara turun temurun. namun kurangnya informasi manfaat dan khasiatnya belum banyak yang tahu, sehingga diperlukan adanya edukasi melalui sosialisasi pemanfaatan TOGA yang tujuannya agar masyarakat memiliki pengetahuan terkait manfaat tanaman TOGA bagi tubuh manusia, dan memberikan edukasi cara bertanam TOGA. Metode pengabdian pada masyarakat yang dilakukan dengan memberikan edukasi, penyuluhan dan praktik bertanam tanaman TOGA dengan mengoptimalkan lahan pekarangan yang ada agar lebih bermanfaat. Hasil dari kegiatan yaitu masyarakat lebih memahami manfaat dan khasiat tanaman TOGA dan cara budidaya TOGA untuk dijadikan obat alternative bagi masyarakat.
Penggunaan Perekat Briket Berbahan Singkong Gajah (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Sebagai Sumber Energi Alternatif Desa Salimbatu
Authors: Alawiyah Silawati , Ulva Siti Maria , Sulaiman Dady , Syahdan St , Aisyah Siti , Romadhoni Wibowo , Dwi Christyanti Ratna , Arif Abdul
Published: September 2023

Singkong Gajah (manihot esculenta crantz) digunakan sebagai penggunaan perekat briket. Penggunaan perekat briket berbahan singkong gajah sebagai sumber energi alternatif desa salimbatu. Sasaran dalam kegiatan ini adalah ibu-ibu PKK Desa Salimbatu sebanyak 30 orang yang tersebar di seluruh RT. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, dimana kegiatan yang dilaksanakan berupa sosialisasi terkait pengolahan singkong gajah sebagai bahan perekat briket. Serta dilanjutkan dialog interaktif dengan tanya jawab. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dalam beberapa tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan pelaporan. Tahapan perencanaan yaitu tahapan survei pra kegiatan untuk mengetahui kondisi dan potensi desa salimbatu. Tahap pelaksanaan dilakukan kegiatan sosilaisasi dan dilanjutkan dengan tahap pelaporan. Luaran dari kegiatan ini berupa luaran wajib dan luaran tambahan. Luaran wajib berupa Panduan Mitra, dimana panduan ini diberikan kepada mitra sasaran agar dapat disosialisasikan kembali kepada warga sekitar. Serta luaran tambahan dari kegiatan ini berupa video pengolahan singkong gajah menjadi pati yang telah diunggah di kanal youtube dan MoU kerjasama antara mitra dengan tim pelaksana
Sosialisasi dan Pelatihan Pengolahan Sekam Padi Menjadi Biochar Sebagai Pembenah Tanah
Authors: Bagus Qodrat , Wanira Siti Ayu , Lesmana Rina
Published: September 2023

Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat yang disampaikan melalui sosialisasi dan pelatihan yaitu meliputi : (1) Meningkatkan pemanfaatan limbah pertanian berupa sekam padi menjadi biochar; (2) Memperkenalkan  manfaat  penting biochar sebagai  pembenah tanah ; (3) Mempraktikkan cara pembuatan biochar serta pengaplikasiannya pada lahan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini menggunakan metode Service Learning (SL). Dalam pelaksanaan pengabdian ini dilakukan pendekatan dengan masyarakat terkhususnya kepada ibu-ibu PKK dan Kader Posyandu sebagai sasaran kegiatan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan dilahan PKK dengan jumlah peserta sosialisasi 22 orang dan pelatihan 12 orang. Pada kegiatan pengabdian ini penjelasan mengenai biochar dan cara pembuatannya dilakukan oleh mahasiswa Universitas Kaltara yang menempuh KKP di KWT Desa Gunung Putih dan materi yang disampaikan diperoleh pada masa perkuliahan sehingga mahasiswa telah menguasai materi mengenai manfaat serta cara pembuatan  biochar. Respon dari peserta pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa mereka sangat antusias dalam mengikuti pengabdian yang dilakukan. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya pernyataan dari peserta yang menyatakan bahwa mereka paham mengenai materi yang disampaikan oleh mahasiswa KKP pada pengabdian ini.
Pengembangan Diversifikasi Pangan Lokal dan Limbah Rumah Tangga dalam Pembuatan Eco-Enzim
Authors: Pangerang Fitrah , Lesmana Rina , Muazansyah Imam , Christyanti Ratna Dwi
Published: September 2023

SP3 dan SP4 merupakan kawasan transmigrasi yang terletak di Kecamatan Tanjung Palas Kabupaten Bulungan. Sumber mata pencaharian masyarakatnya sebagian besar adalah petani yang mana keadaan sosial ekonomi masyarakatnya tergolong lemah. Melihat kondisi tersebut dirasa perlu mengupayakan agar masyarakat memiliki alternatif baru untuk pemasukan atau pendapatannya dengan memaksimalkan potensi sumber daya alam yang tersedia. Salah satu upaya dalam meningkatkan potensi alam yang tersedia di SP3 dan SP4 adalah melakukan pengembangan pangan lokal yang berdaya saing global melalui diversifikasi potensi pangan lokal dan pemanfaatan limbah rumah tangga yang berasal dari hasil pertanian masyarakat setempat. Kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat dalam pengembangan potensi alam yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat di SP3 dan SP4 menjadi salah satu kendala. Sehingga diperlukan untuk memberikan pemahaman serta teknik-teknik terbaru dan tepat guna dalam mengelola hasil pertanian masyarakat. Salah satu produk pertanian yang potensial untuk dikembangkan adalah diversifikasi singkong menjadi tepung mocaf, disamping itu memanfaatkan limbah rumah tangga yang berasal dari hasil pertanian dalam bentuk Ecoenzim.
A New Approach for the Statistical Convergence over Non-Archimedean Fields in Neutrosophic Normed Spaces
Authors: M. Jeyaraman , S. Iswariya
Published: September 2023

The goal of the research involves elaborating on the topics of statistical convergence, including statistical Cauchy sequences within non-Archimedean Neutrosophic normed spaces, as well as achieving specific useful conclusions. The present research shows how, within a non-Archimedean field, certain sections of statistically convergent sequences that could not be true often become true. Likewise, we created statistically complete and statistically continuous spaces for such regions that demonstrated certain essential facts. κ indicates a complete field of non-Archimedean and non-trivially valued research.
Trigonometric Similarity Measures of Pythagorean Neutrosophic Hypersoft Sets
Authors: G Ramya , A Francina Shalini
Published: September 2023

In our daily life, most problems stem from the wrong decisions. Similarity measures (SMs) are very helpful in making good decisions. In this paper, distinct similarities of Pythagorean Neutrosophic Hypersoft Sets (PNHSSs) and its properties are presented. Finally, the proposed SMs applied for converting plastic waste into energy source problems. Comparing various suggested similarities makes decision-making simple, easy, and accurate.
Pura Vida Neutrosophic Algebra
Authors: Ranulfo Paiva Barbosa (Sobrinho)  , Smarandache Florentin
Published: September 2023

We introduce Pura Vida Neutrosophic Algebra, an algebraic structure consisting of neutrosophic numbers equipped with two binary operations namely addition and multiplication. The addition can be calculated sometimes with the function min and other times with the max function. The multiplication operation is the usual sum between numbers. Pura Vida Neutrosophic Algebra is an extension of both Tropical Algebra (also known as Min-Plus, or Min-Algebra) and Max-Plus Algebra (also known as Max-algebra). Tropical and Max-Plus algebras are algebraic structures included in semirings and their operations can be used in matrices and vectors. Pura Vida Neutrosophic Algebra is included in Neutrosophic semirings and can be used in Neutrosophic matrices and vectors.
Motrcycling-Net: A Segmentation Approach for Detecting Motorcycling near Misses
Authors: Rotimi-Williams Bello
Published: September 2023

Commercial motorcycling is one of the economical means of transportation in many countries, although many perceive it as a dangerous means of transportation, which is affirmed by the number of casualties recorded daily. This life threatening record has greatly hindered continuous support for commercial motorcycling as an affordable means of transportation. Information retrieved from near miss datasets can be a telltale of potential hazards and their prevention. However, many researchers have come up with different definitions for near misses, and this has created a gap in applying the right method to near misses, thereby making it statistically difficult to address the situation for a safer commercial motorcycling. In this paper, we present near misses as corrective and preventive measures to safety events. Our focus is on the risk factors of commercial motorcycling near miss incidents, which we address by proposing a near miss detection framework based on deep learning and its models. Video streams of near miss datasets containing motorcycling in different scenes were collected for the experiment. We employed YOLOv4-DeepSort model for the detection and tracking tasks, and the tracked images and identity information were stored. Every 1s, the sequence of image was fetched into the VGG16-BiLSTM model (VGG16 and BiLSTM were used for extraction of image feature information and near misses recognition respectively). We evaluate the method by testing 444 sequential video frames of motorcycling near miss incidents in urban environment, and approximately 96% recognition accuracy rate is achieved. The results of the study indicate practicality for automatic detection of motorcycling near misses in urban environment, and it could assist in providing resourceful technical reference for analyzing the risk factors of motorcycling near misses.
A Comparison of the Political Systems of Pakistan and India (1947-2000)
Authors: Xing Xuanyu
Published: September 2023

Both Pakistan and India chose parliamentary democracy as their system of government when they gained independence in August 1947. However, for more than 50 years after independence, Pakistan has not been able to establish a stable parliamentary democratic system of government. The constitution has been abrogated or discontinued several times, and the system of government has been unpredictable, with a cabinet system at times, a presidential system at others, and a military regime for almost half of the time. But since its beginning, India's parliamentary democracy has not evolved. The experience of India's 50 years of nation-building shows that parliamentary democracy has been accepted by the people and politicians of India. The international community generally agrees that the implementation of parliamentary democracy in India has been a success and that its development has been healthy. Why, then, are there such contrasts in the establishment and implementation of the system of government in two countries that share the same historical background and declared independence at the same time? One had a functioning parliamentary democracy, while the other had frequent regime changes and successive military regimes. This article attempts a preliminary examination and comparison of this issue.
Co-curricular practices on prevention of substance abuse among secondary school students in Kakamega County – Kenya
Authors: Nyamoma Felistus
Published: September 2023

The critical need everywhere in the 21 century world is to prepare students to lead healthy and fulfilling lives by providing them with relevant educational programmes inclusive of co-curricular practices. The study evaluated influence of co-curricular practices on effectiveness of substance abuse preventive intervention among secondary school students in Kakamega County. It adopted a cross-sectional survey design. The target population was 59675 form three students, 1080 class teachers, 530 G/Cteachers and 12 sub-county directors in the study area. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select the sample size; 381 students, 108 class teachers, 53 G/C and 12 sub-county directors of education. Structured questionnaires, focus group discussion guide and interview guide were used to collect data which was subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Based on the correlation results, the study established that there is a positive association between co-curricular practices and effectiveness of substance abuse preventive interventions in the study area. From the regression results, co-curricular practices is a significant predictor. Therefore at 95% confidence limit co-curricular practices have statistically significant influence on effectiveness of substance abuse preventive intervention. The practices range from competitive games and sports, with the highest influence, followed by time allocated, frequency of participation, down to stars in co-curricular and lastly clubs. Overall, the study concludes that the success of effectiveness of substance abuse prevention is dependent on co-curricular practices. The intervention range from school administration, school location, open communication and finally random checks
Administrative responsibility based on the results of federal state control (supervision) in the field of education: maintaining a balance of interests in the light of current legislation.
Authors: Druzhinin Andrei
Published: September 2023

The subject of this article is the features of administrative responsibility arising on the basis of administrative offenses in the field of education in the light of the reform of control and supervision activities. Taking into account the division of powers in the sphere of control between the federal executive authorities and the entities exercising the delegated powers, the author specifies the area of research with legal relations arising in the framework of the implementation of higher education programs. To substantiate the theses, the author analyzes the novelties of the legislation, as well as a generalization of the law enforcement practice of the federal service for supervision in the field of education and science for 5 years in order to identify the regulatory effect that followed the results of the reform of control and supervision activities in the Russian Federation. Thus, in addition to the totality of general scientific methods, the author uses special legal methods, including formal legal, technical and legal analysis. The main findings of the study can be considered the establishment of the fact that, despite the introduced moratorium on scheduled inspections of legal entities from 2022, the reform of control and supervisory activities has reduced the number of detected offenses due to the introduction of a risk-based approach to supervised entities, however, assessing the effectiveness of preventing offenses on difficult at the moment. The conducted research is relevant due to the small number of studies analyzing the results of the reform of control and supervision activities for administrative and legal relations arising from the results of control and supervision activities in an industry context. The results of the study can be useful for organizations engaged in educational activities as an acquaintance with current trends in administrative and legal liability for violation of the mandatory requirements established for the implementation of educational programs of higher education at different levels.
Spin-polarized transport properties in diluted-magnetic-semiconductor/semiconductor superlattices under light-field assisted
Authors: Li Chun-Lei , Zheng Jun , Wang Xiao-Ming , Xu Yan ,   College of Elementary Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China,   College of Physics Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China,   The High School Affiliated to China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
Published: September 2023

Based on the single electron effective mass approximation theory and the transfer-matrix method, the spin polarized transport properties of electrons in a diluted-magnetic-semiconductor/semiconductor superlattice are studied. The influence of a light-field and a magnetic-field on spin polarized transport and the tunneling time in the superlattice structure are discussed in more detail. The results show that, due to the sp-d electron interaction between conduction band electrons and doped Mn ions, giant Zeeman splitting occurs. It is shown that a significant spin-dependent transmission and the position and width of the resonant-transmission-band of spin-dependent electron can be manipulated by adjusting the magnetic- and light-field. Considering the light field irradiation, the resonance band of electron is deformed and broadened with the increase of the light field intensity. For the case of a strong magnetic field, the transmission coefficient (TC) in the low-energy region is almost zero when the light field is not added, but with the increase of light intensity, the TC increased significantly in the zone increases significantly, that is, a quasi-bound band appears. These features are due to the energy exchange between electrons and the light field when electrons tunnel through the superlattice structure under light irradiation. In addition, light and magnetic fields can significantly change the spin polarization of electrons. Under a certain magnetic field intensity (B = 2 T), the light field significantly changes the spin polarization of electrons, the main effect is that the width of the spin polarization platform narrows and oscillatory peaks are accompanied on both sides of the platform. This effect is strengthened with the increase of the light field intensity. However, when the magnetic field is stronger (B = 5 T), the opposite is true. These show that the spin polarization can be modulated by the light field. Finally, the tunneling time of spin-up and spin-down electrons is studied by the evolution of Gaussian wave packets in the structure. The results show that the tunneling time depends on a spin of electrons, and it can be seen that the tunneling time of the spin-down electron is shorter than that of the spin-up electron in the superlattice structure. These remarkable properties of spin polarized transport may be beneficial for the devising tunable spin filtering devices based on diluted magnetic semiconductor/semiconductor superlattice structure.
Quality of Tea Soil Induced by Cultivation Period
Authors: Muzib Sayma , Rahman M. Hasinur , Haque Hafiz Ashraful , Tanu Ferdouse Zaman , Hakim Azizul
Published: September 2023

Tea is Bangladesh's second-highest agricultural export earner, and the nation is rated 15th among all tea-exporting nations. To develop and support the tea business in Bangladesh, it is crucial to comprehend the current nutrient status of tea soils. The purpose of the study was to examine the inherent physical and chemical characteristics of tea soils in relation to the effects of soil depth, topography and cultivation periods. The results showed the significant effects of soil depths, topography, and cultivation periods on the measured physical and chemical properties, including texture, bulk density, organic matter (OM), organic carbon (OC), pH, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The available and total contents of major nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) were also significant (P<0.001). The contents of P and K were observed to be lower than the critical values ideal for tea cultivation. However, the results indicated that the soils kept for nutrient restoration for years showed a nutrient status close to the ideal value of tea cultivation.
Halotolerant Plant Probiotic Bacterial Isolates of Mangrove Soils of Chidambaram and Thanjavur, India
Authors: Madhupreethi B. , Kalaiselvi T. , Chandrasekaran N. , Poorniammal R. , Arul L.
Published: September 2023

Halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (HTPGPR) are beneficial microbes that can be exploited to mitigate the negative effects of soil salinity on crops. In the current investigation, eight saline soil samples collected from 2 mangrove ecosystems of Tamil Nadu (Chidambaram and Thanjavur) during December 2022 were used to isolate saline tolerant bacterial cultures at the Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Using 5 different bacterial growth media, 48 rhizobacterial isolates (ST1 to ST48) were obtained. Salt tolerance ability (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% NaCl) of these 48 isolates under in vitro conditions indicated their potential to tolerate up to 10% NaCl (1.71 M). None of the isolates could grow at 20% NaCl (3.42M). Bacterial isolates such as ST11, ST13, ST18, ST20 and ST27 showed minimum growth at 15%NaCl (2.57M). 33 isolates which could grow well at higher salt concentrations were selected. Among 33 isolates, 18 isolates with higher concentration of intracellular sodium content (ST1, ST2, ST3, ST7, ST8, ST9, ST11, ST12, ST13, ST17, ST18, ST20, ST27, ST30, ST32, ST34, ST39, and ST40) were selected and characterized qualitatively for their ability to mineralize phosphate, potassium, and zinc, and to produce HCN. Potential of these18 bacterial isolates to tolerate other abiotic stress factors such as pH and temperature was also studied. Among 18 isolates, the isolates ST7, ST17, and ST30 were found to be multimineral solubilizers. Bacterial isolate ST17 was found to prefer alkaline (pH 9.0) and mesophilic temperature (35ºC) for its growth at both saline (5% NaCl) and non saline condition.
Performance of Foxtail Millet based Intercropping System for Improving the Productivity, Sustainability and Economics in Western Zone of Tamil Nadu Under Irrigated Conditions
Authors: Aravind Koneti , Vadivel N. , Kumar G. Senthil , Ravichandran V. , Bharathi C.
Published: September 2023

Like other small millets, foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is also rich in nutrients and as a short duration crop it fits to different cropping systems . Field experiment was carried out at Eastern block farm, Agriculture college and Research Institute, TNAU, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu during summer season to study the performance of Foxtail millet based intercropping system for improving the productivity, sustainability and economics in Western Zone of Tamil Nadu under irrigated conditions. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments and replicated three times. It comprised of seven treatments viz., T1 - Foxtail millet (sole crop), T2 - Foxtail millet + green gram (3:1), T3 - Foxtail millet + Vegetable cowpea (3:1), T4 - Foxtail millet + Coriander (3:1), T5 - Foxtail millet + green gram (4:1), T6 - Foxtail millet + Vegetable cowpea (4:1), T7 - Foxtail millet + Coriander (4:1). The results clearly showed that the highest grain and straw yield under intercropping system was obtained when foxtail millet was intercropped with vegetable cowpea it was closely followed by intercropping with green gram. The foxtail millet grain equivalent yield (FMGEY) was computed to be in the range of 2411 to 3873 kg ha-1. The highest values for FMGEY were obtained with vegetable cowpea at two different ratios intercropping, whereas intercropping with green gram (4:1) resulted in lowest FMGEY.  Foxtail millet intercropped with vegetable cowpea at 3:1 ratio  recorded highest B:C ratio of  2.59. Intercropping index like land equivalent ratio was higher in all intercropping systems except coriander (1.1) at two different ratios, relative crowding coefficient (RCC)  was higher in foxtail millet + vegetable cowpea (1.0) at 3:1 ratio and competition index (CI) was higher in foxtail  millet + coriander  (1.09) at 4:1 ratio.
Amelioration of Soil Acidity in Ferralsols of Central Uganda
Authors: Kollie, W. S.  , Byalebeka, J.  , Basamba, T. A.  , Adukpo, D. C  , Eneku, J. P.
Published: September 2023

Soil acidity is one of the major constraints limiting crop productivity in Central Uganda. Thus, the ideal soil pH for crop production ranges from 5.5 to 6.8, but in Central Uganda, crops are believed to be cultivated in soils with pH below these ranges. Given the adverse effects of soil acidity to agricultural production, appropriate measures such as the use of lime could be an option to improve the productive capacity. Henceforward, soils were sampled from farmers’ fields in Mpigi, Mubende and Wakiso Districts representing Central Uganda to evaluate rates of CaCO3 and corncob biochar in a greenhouse incubation study. Afterwards, 2 kg of soil was weighed, placed in a plastic container and thoroughly mixed with 0, 1, 3 and 5 g equivalent to 0, 1, 3 and 5 tons/ha CaCO3 and corncob biochar. Soils were arranged in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) and moistened with 500 ml of water to bring it to about field capacity and pH determination done for a period of three (3) months until equilibration. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant effect (P<0.001) on soil pH when CaCO3 and corncob biochar were applied with the three districts recording a near neutral pH of 6.7.

After pH equilibration in the greenhouse, rates of CaCO3 and corncob biochar that raised the soil pH in each medium were used to calculate the lime rates i.e., 0, 120, 360 and 600 g applied in the fields. In a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four replications, soybean varieties were applied as the main plots while rates of CaCO3 and corncob biochar were applied as the sub plots. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that CaCO3 had significant effect (p<0.001) on soil pH with Mpigi recording the highest soil pH (6.7) followed by Mubende (pH 6.6). Rates of CaCO3 and corncob biochar also showed significant effect (p<0.001) on soybean grain yield compared to 0 g CaCO3 and corncob biochar. Application of 600 g of corncob biochar showed significant effect (p<0.001) on soil pH in the different study locations. Besides, increased in CaCO3 rate to 600 g recorded the highest (7137.5 kg ha-1) soybean grain yield in Wakiso District while 600 g of corncob biochar recorded the highest (5637.5 kg ha-1) soybean grain yield in Mpigi District thus signifying the potential effect of CaCO3 and corncob biochar in Acid Ferralsols.
Influence of Different Seed Colour Varieties of Sesame on the Biology of Rice Moth, Corcyra cephalonica (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera)
Authors: Sundar B. , Vishwakarma R. , Duraimurugan P. , Reddy M. Surya Prakash , Bhowmick A. K.
Published: September 2023

A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the bionomics of Corcyra cephalonica on different coloured sesame genotypes viz., Swetha (white), GT-10 (black), and YLM-17 (brown). According to the results, the duration of egg, larvae, pupae and adult were observed to be significantly longest (6.40, 31.16,14.87 and 10.70 days, respectively) in black seeded genotype GT-10. Whereas, it was shortest (3.64, 24.12, 7.80 and 7.26 days, respectively) in white seeded genotype Swetha. All tested sesame genotypes showed significant impact on the head capsule width, body length and width of different larval instars. Based on biological and morphometric parameters, black seeded genotype (GT-10) was less suitable for the Corcyra cephalonica development, while, white seeded genotype (Swetha) was most suitable.
Bio-fortification and Its Impact on Global Health
Authors: Ashoka P.  , Sangeeta  , Spandana B. , Saikanth D. R. K. , Kesarwani Amit , Nain Monika , Pandey Shivam Kumar , Singh Bal Veer , Maurya C. L.
Published: September 2023

Biofortification, the process of increasing the density of vitamins and minerals in a crop through plant breeding, agronomic practices, or biotechnology, is being increasingly recognized as a cost-effective and sustainable strategy to address micronutrient malnutrition globally. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth analysis of the role of biofortification in improving global health, with a particular focus on its impact on micronutrient deficiencies, public health, and socioeconomic aspects, along with the challenges and opportunities it presents. The review is timely and relevant, given the persistent challenge of micronutrient malnutrition and the growing interest in sustainable nutrition strategies. It addresses gaps in the current understanding by synthesizing the latest research on various aspects of biofortification and providing insights into its potential and challenges. Biofortification encompasses various methods, from traditional breeding to modern biotechnological approaches. Numerous successful examples of biofortified crops, like Golden Rice and High Iron Beans, underscore its potential. These crops have been demonstrated to contribute significantly to reducing deficiencies of essential micronutrients like iron, vitamin A, and zinc, thereby positively influencing public health outcomes. The review also explores the wider impact of biofortification, including its economic benefits and influence on food security and farmer livelihoods. Acceptance by farmers and consumers and the sociocultural context are highlighted as crucial factors for the successful implementation of biofortification initiatives. Biofortification faces several challenges, ranging from technical issues in the biofortification process, including genetic limitations and bioavailability concerns, to political and regulatory hurdles. Additionally, the environmental impact and sustainability of biofortified crops are critical considerations. Despite these challenges, opportunities exist for future research and development, such as expanding the scope of biofortification, harnessing advanced breeding techniques, and integrating biofortification with other nutrition strategies.
A Study on Effectiveness of Dairy Farming Related Front Line Demonstrations of Krishi Vigyan Kendra Shivamogga on Knowledge Level of Dairy Farmers
Authors: Suresh  , Gopala G. T.  , Harisha M.  , Ashok M.  , Rudresh B. H.  , Giridhar K. S.
Published: September 2023

The lack of transfer of technology from research system to the client system is the main problem in increasing animal husbandry production in the developing world. The quality and quantity of milk production can be increased if farmer fallows scientific dairy farming practices. This is possible through the FLDs as it is an important and appropriate extension method which makes it possible to disseminate technology to the final user. It has played significant role in increasing the knowledge and adoption of scientific dairy farming practices by dairy farmers; thus, the present study was undertaken to assess the knowledge level of dairy farmers. The present study was conducted with the help of Ex-post facto research design with a sample size of 60 FLD beneficiaries and 60 Non beneficiaries. The knowledge level of respondents about scientific dairy management practices were checked in following subheadings viz knowledge about breeding, feed and feeding practices, health of dairy animals and other management practices in dairy farming and it is found that FLD beneficiaries had more knowledge in scientific dairy farming than non-beneficiaries. The probable reason for high knowledge among beneficiaries might be that the beneficiaries have been benefited by different extension activities, input supply and acquired guidance from research scientists of KVK through FLD’s showing that the FLD’s conducted by KVK were effective.
Video Intervention and Goals-of-Care Documentation in Hospitalized Older Adults
Authors: Volandes Angelo E. , Zupanc Sophia N. , Lakin Joshua R. , Cabral Howard J. , Burns Edith A. , Carney Maria T. , Lopez Santiago , Itty Jennifer , Emmert Kaitlin , Martin Narda J. , Cole Therese , Dobie Alexandra , Cucinotta Traci , Joel Milton , Caruso Lisa B. , Henault Lori , Dugas Julianne N. , Astone Kristina , Winter Michael , Wang Na , Davis Aretha Delight , Garde Cynthia , Rodriguez Perla Macip , El-Jawahri Areej , Moseley Edward T. , Das Sophiya , Sciacca Kate , Ramirez Ana Maria , Gromova Valeria , Lambert Sherene , Sanghani Shreya , Lindvall Charlotta , Paasche-Orlow Michael K.
Published: September 2023

Importance

Despite the benefits of goals-of-care (GOC) communication, many hospitalized individuals never communicate their goals or preferences to clinicians.

Objective

To assess whether a GOC video intervention delivered by palliative care educators (PCEs) increased the rate of GOC documentation.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This pragmatic, stepped-wedge cluster randomized clinical trial included patients aged 65 years or older admitted to 1 of 14 units at 2 urban hospitals in New York and Boston from July 1, 2021, to October 31, 2022.

Intervention

The intervention involved PCEs (social workers and nurses trained in GOC communication) facilitating GOC conversations with patients and/or their decision-makers using a library of brief, certified video decision aids available in 29 languages. Patients in the control period received usual care.

Main Outcome and Measures

The primary outcome was GOC documentation, which included any documentation of a goals conversation, limitation of life-sustaining treatment, palliative care, hospice, or time-limited trials and was obtained by natural language processing.

Results

A total of 10 802 patients (mean [SD] age, 78 [8] years; 51.6% male) were admitted to 1 of 14 hospital units. Goals-of-care documentation during the intervention phase occurred among 3744 of 6023 patients (62.2%) compared with 2396 of 4779 patients (50.1%) in the usual care phase (P < .001). Proportions of documented GOC discussions for Black or African American individuals (865 of 1376 [62.9%] vs 596 of 1125 [53.0%]), Hispanic or Latino individuals (311 of 548 [56.8%] vs 218 of 451 [48.3%]), non-English speakers (586 of 1059 [55.3%] vs 405 of 863 [46.9%]), and people living with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (520 of 681 [76.4%] vs 355 of 570 [62.3%]) were greater during the intervention phase compared with the usual care phase.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this stepped-wedge cluster randomized clinical trial of older adults, a GOC video intervention delivered by PCEs resulted in higher rates of GOC documentation compared with usual care, including among Black or African American individuals, Hispanic or Latino individuals, non-English speakers, and people living with Alzheimer disease and related dementias. The findings suggest that this form of patient-centered care delivery may be a beneficial decision support tool.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04857060