bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
head-bent resistant Hsc70 variants show reduced Hsp40 affinity and altered protein folding activity
Authors: Papsdorf Katharina , Sima Siyuan , Schmauder Lukas , Peter Sebastian , Renner Lisa , Hoffelner Patrica , Richter Klaus
Published: August 2019

The molecular chaperone Hsc70 performs essential tasks by folding proteins. Hsc70 is driven by the hydrolysis of ATP and tuned by the association with various co-chaperones. One such cofactor is the nematode nucleotide exchange factor UNC-23, whose mutation disrupts muscle attachment and induces a severe head-bent phenotype in C.elegans. Interestingly, four mutations in Hsc70 can suppress this phenotype, but the molecular mechanism underlying this suppression is unknown. Here we characterize these four suppressor variants, Hsc70 D233N, S321F, A379V and D384N. In vitro only Hsc70 S321F shows reduced stability and altered nucleotide interaction, but all mutations affect the ATPase stimulation. In particular, Hsc70 D233N and Hsc70 A379V show strongly reduced interactions with DNJ-12 and DNJ-13. Nucleotide exchange factor binding instead is barely influenced in Hsc70 D233N, A379V and D384N and their chaperone activity is preserved. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that effects in Hsc70 S321F and Hsc70 A379V originate from steric clashes in the vicinity of the mutation site, while D233N disrupts a salt bridge that contributes to Hsc70’s nucleotide-induced conformational changes. In summary, the analyzed mutants show altered ATPase and refolding activity caused by changes in Hsp40 binding.
A linear mixed model approach to gene expression-tumor aneuploidy association studies
Authors: Yao Douglas W. , Balanis Nikolas G. , Eskin Eleazar , Graeber Thomas G.
Published: August 2019

Aneuploidy, defined as abnormal chromosome number or somatic DNA copy number, is a characteristic of many aggressive tumors and is thought to drive tumorigenesis. Gene expression-aneuploidy association studies have previously been conducted to explore cellular mechanisms associated with aneuploidy. However, in an observational setting, gene expression is influenced by many factors that can act as confounders between gene expression and aneuploidy, leading to spurious correlations between the two variables. These factors include known confounders such as sample purity or batch effect, as well as gene co-regulation which induces correlations between the expression of causal genes and non-causal genes. We use a linear mixed-effects model (LMM) to account for confounding effects of tumor purity and gene co-regulation on gene expression-aneuploidy associations. When applied to patient tumor data across diverse tumor types, we observe that the LMM both accounts for the impact of purity on aneuploidy measurements and identifies a new association between histone gene expression and aneuploidy.
Modelling of the tsunami from the December 22, 2018 lateral collapse of Anak Krakatau volcano in the Sunda Straits, Indonesia
Authors: Grilli Stephan T. , Tappin David R. , Carey Steven , Watt Sebastian F. L. , Ward Steve N. , Grilli Annette R. , Engwell Samantha L. , Zhang Cheng , Kirby James T. , Schambach Lauren , Muin Muslim
Published: August 2019

On Dec. 22, 2018, at approximately 20:55–57 local time, Anak Krakatau volcano, located in the Sunda Straits of Indonesia, experienced a major lateral collapse during a period of eruptive activity that began in June. The collapse discharged volcaniclastic material into the 250 m deep caldera southwest of the volcano, which generated a tsunami with runups of up to 13 m on the adjacent coasts of Sumatra and Java. The tsunami caused at least 437 fatalities, the greatest number from a volcanically-induced tsunami since the catastrophic explosive eruption of Krakatau in 1883 and the sector collapse of Ritter Island in 1888. For the first time in over 100 years, the 2018 Anak Krakatau event provides an opportunity to study a major volcanically-generated tsunami that caused widespread loss of life and significant damage. Here, we present numerical simulations of the tsunami, with state-of the-art numerical models, based on a combined landslide-source and bathymetric dataset. We constrain the geometry and magnitude of the landslide source through analyses of pre- and post-event satellite images and aerial photography, which demonstrate that the primary landslide scar bisected the Anak Krakatau volcano, cutting behind the central vent and removing 50% of its subaerial extent. Estimated submarine collapse geometries result in a primary landslide volume range of 0.22–0.30 km3, which is used to initialize a tsunami generation and propagation model with two different landslide rheologies (granular and fluid). Observations of a single tsunami, with no subsequent waves, are consistent with our interpretation of landslide failure in a rapid, single phase of movement rather than a more piecemeal process, generating a tsunami which reached nearby coastlines within ~30 minutes. Both modelled rheologies successfully reproduce observed tsunami characteristics from post-event field survey results, tide gauge records, and eyewitness reports, suggesting our estimated landslide volume range is appropriate. This event highlights the significant hazard posed by relatively small-scale lateral volcanic collapses, which can occur en-masse, without any precursory signals, and are an efficient and unpredictable tsunami source. Our successful simulations demonstrate that current numerical models can accurately forecast tsunami hazards from these events. In cases such as Anak Krakatau’s, the absence of precursory warning signals together with the short travel time following tsunami initiation present a major challenge for mitigating tsunami coastal impact.
Publisher Correction: Differential Effect of HCV Eradication and Fibrosis Grade on Hepatocellular Carcinoma and All-cause Mortality
Authors: Lee Yun Bin , Nam Joon Yeul , Lee Jeong-Hoon , Chang Young , Cho Hyeki , Cho Young Youn , Cho Eun Ju , Yu Su Jong , Kim Hwi Young , Lee Dong Ho , Lee Jeong Min , Hwang Seong Gyu , Kim Yoon Jun , Yoon Jung-Hwan
Published: August 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Pathophysiologic Characterization of a Novel Rabbit Model of Biliary Tract Infection-Derived Sepsis
Authors: Hu Liangshuo , Chai Yichao , Xi Rui , Zhu Haoyang , Wang Yue , Ren Fenggang , Zhang Jing , Xue Zhao , Zhang Hongke , Wu Rongqian , Lv Yi
Published: August 2019

Biliary tract infection (BTI)-derived sepsis remains a serious problem with significant morbidity and mortality in the modern era of critical care management. Current animal models of BTI have relied mostly on injecting purified bacteria or their toxins into the biliary tract. These models do not fully reflect pathophysiology or disease processes of clinical cholangitis or cholecystitis. In the current study, we developed a novel model of BTI by performing cholecystocolonic anastomosis (CCA) in rabbits and characterized pathophysiologic changes in this model. This model is intended to mimic the clinical process of cholecystocolonic fistula with reflux cholangitis, a severe form of BTI. Adult male rabbits were subjected to BTI-derived sepsis through an anastomosis of the gall bladder to the colon (i.e., CCA). The animals were monitored for 7 days to record survival. In additional groups of animals, various bacterial, hemodynamic, histological and biochemical parameters were measured at 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after CCA. The anastomosis between the gallbladder and the colon required about 5–8 min to finish. The median survival time for rabbits after CCA was 96 h. The positive rates of bacterial culture at 72 h after CCA were 83.3% and 100% in the blood and liver, respectively. The most common microorganism was Escherichia coli followed by Enterococcus. Plasma Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), Lnterleukin-10 (IL-10), Lnterleukin-6 (IL-6), and High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB-1) levels were greatly elevated after CCA. The cardiac index and heart rate increased slightly at 12 h after CCA and then continued to decrease. Systemic hypotension developed 48 h after CCA. Histological studies showed reflux cholangitis with acute lung and kidney injury. Cholecystocolonic anastomosis produces polymicrobial sepsis in rabbits, which mimics many aspects of human BTI-derived sepsis. It is reproducible and easy to perform and may serve as an excellent model for future sepsis research.
Possible epigenetic regulatory effect of dysregulated circular RNAs in Alzheimer’s disease model
Authors: Lee Woo-Jin , Moon Jangsup , Jeon Daejong , Shin Yong-Won , Yoo Jung-Suk , Park Dong-Kyu , Lee Soon-Tae , Jung Keun-Hwa , Park Kyung-Il , Jung Ki-Young , Kim Manho , Lee Sang Kun , Chu Kon
Published: August 2019

As circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulates the effect of micro RNAs (miRNAs), circRNA–miRNA-mRNA network might be implicated in various disease pathogenesis. Therefore, we evaluated the dysregulated circRNAs in the Tg2576 mouse Alzheimer’s disease (AD) model, their possible regulatory effects on downstream target mRNAs, and their pathomechanistic role during the disease progression. The microarray-based circRNA expression analysis at seven- and twelve-months of ages (7 M and 12 M) returned 101 dysregulated circRNAs at 7 M (55 up-regulated and 46 down-regulated) and twelve dysregulated circRNAs at 12 M (five up-regulated and seven down-regulated). For each dysregulated circRNA, potential target miRNAs and their downstream target mRNAs were searched. Dysregulation of circRNAs was associated with increased frequency of relevant dysregulation of their downstream target mRNAs. Those differentially expressed circRNA–miRNA-mRNA regulatory network included 2,275 networks (876 for up-regulated circRNAs and 1,399 for down-regulated circRNAs) at 7 M and 38 networks (25 for up-regulated circRNAs and 13 for down-regulated circRNAs) at 12 M. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway analyses demonstrated that the dysregulated mRNAs in those networks represent the AD pathomechanism at each disease stage. We concluded that the dysregulated circRNAs might involve in the AD pathogenesis by modulating disease relevant mRNAs via circRNA–miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks.
Application of a high-resolution genetic map for chromosome-scale genome assembly and fine QTLs mapping of seed size and weight traits in castor bean
Authors: Yu Anmin , Li Fei , Xu Wei , Wang Zaiqing , Sun Chao , Han Bing , Wang Yue , Wang Bo , Cheng Xiaomao , Liu Aizhong
Published: August 2019

Castor bean (Ricinus communisL., Euphorbiaceae) is a critical biodiesel crop and its seed derivatives have important industrial applications. Due to lack of a high-density genetic map, the breeding and genetic improvement of castor bean has been largely restricted. In this study, based on a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population consisting of 200 individuals, we generated 8,896 high-quality genomic SNP markers and constructed a high-resolution genetic map with 10 linkage groups (LGs), spanning 1,852.33 centiMorgan (cM). Based on the genetic map, 996 scaffolds from the draft reference genome were anchored onto 10 pseudo-chromosomes, covering 84.43% of the castor bean genome. Furthermore, the quality of the pseudo-chromosome scale assembly genome was confirmed via genome collinearity analysis within the castor bean genome as well as between castor bean and cassava. Our results provide new evidence that the phylogenetic position of castor bean is relatively solitary from other taxa in the Euphorbiaceae family. Based on the genetic map, we identified 16 QTLs that control seed size and weight (covering 851 candidate genes). The findings will be helpful for further research into potential new mechanisms controlling seed size and weight in castor bean. The genetic map and improved pseudo-chromosome scale genome provide crucial foundations for marker-assisted selection (MAS) of QTL governing important agronomic traits, as well as the accelerated molecular breeding of castor bean in a cost-effective pattern.
Doping of ZnO inorganic-organic nanohybrids with metal elements
Authors: Zhang Y. , Apostoluk A. , Theron C. , Cornier T. , Canut B. , Daniele S. , Masenelli B.
Published: August 2019

We present a general and in-depth study of the effect of dopants in hybrid inorganic/organic ZnO/PAA (polyacrylic acid) nanocomposites. These dopants vary as much by their ionic size, as by their electronic valence and some of them have been used in ZnO due to their known magnetic and/or optical properties. The chemical nature of the dopants controls their ability to incorporate into ZnO crystal lattice. Three concentrations (0.1%, 1% and 5%) of dopants were studied in order to compare the effect of the concentration with the results obtained previously in the literature. Our results confirm in the first place the trend observed in the literature, that increase in dopant concentration leads to quenching of visible luminescence for ZnO nanocrystals obtained by very different processes. However, the degradation of photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) is not inevitable in our nanocomposites. At low doping concentration for some dopants with a small or comparable ionic radius than Zn2+, PL QY can be maintained or even improved, making it possible to tune the visible emission spectrum between 2.17 eV and 2.46 eV. This opens up the prospect of synthesizing phosphors without rare earth for white LEDs, whose spectrum can be tuned to render warm or cold white light, by a chemical synthesis process with a low environmental impact.
Determination of proline in human plasma samples using the encapsulation of proline dehydrogenase enzyme in dendritic silica: a new platform for the enzymatic biosensing of amino acids
Authors: Mirzaie Arezoo , Saadati Arezoo , Hassanpour Soodabeh , Hasanzadeh Mohammad , Siahi-Shadbad Mohammadreza , Jouyban Abolghasem
Published: August 2019

An innovative electrochemical biosensor for the sensitive and specific detection of l-proline (l-Pro) in human plasma samples was prepared by the encapsulation of proline dehydrogenase on amine functionalized dendritic fibrous nano-silica KCC-1.
Pd-Catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions of epoxides with α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids
Authors: Lu Xiao-Yu , Li Jin-Song , Wang Shi-Qun , Zhu Yu-Jing , Li Yue-Ming , Yan Lu-Yu , Li Jia-Mei , Wang Jin-Yu , Zhou Hai-Pin , Ge Xiu-Tao
Published: August 2019

A Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids with cyclic and acyclic epoxides has been developed.
Visualizing anisotropy in the surface oxidation of germanium by wet etching of patterned nanowedges: proof of concept
Authors: Abrenica Graniel Harne A. , Lebedev Mikhail V. , Pacco Antoine , Calvet Wolfram , Mayer Thomas , van Dorp Dennis H.
Published: August 2019

We study the anisotropy in surface oxidation for Ge(100) and (110) in HCl/H2O2 solution complemented by synchrotron X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (SXPS) measurements integrated with an in situ etching chamber.
Tandem double hydrophosphination of α,β,γ,δ-unsaturated-1,3-indandiones: diphosphine synthesis, mechanistic investigations and coordination chemistry
Authors: Balázs László B. , Khalikuzzaman Jasmina B. , Li Yongxin , Csókás Dániel , Pullarkat Sumod A. , Leung Pak-Hing
Published: August 2019

A metal-free tandem double hydrophosphination of extended conjugated indandiones has been established.
A highly conductive conjugated coordination polymer for fast-charge sodium-ion batteries: reconsidering its structures
Authors: Wu Yanchao , Chen Yuan , Tang Mi , Zhu Shaolong , Jiang Cheng , Zhuo Shuming , Wang Chengliang
Published: August 2019

A highly conductive conjugated coordination polymer is reported for sodium-ion batteries, which shows high rate performance and high capacity retention.
The reaction mechanism of the azide–alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition
Authors: Danese Martina , Bon Marta , Piccini GiovanniMaria , Passerone Daniele
Published: August 2019

By means of computational methods to sample reaction free energies, this paper provides novel insights into the Huisgen cycloaddition mechanism.
Computational and experimental approach to understanding the structural interplay of self-assembled end-terminated alkanethiolates on gold surfaces
Authors: Roy Juganta K. , Vasquez Erick S. , Pinto Henry P. , Kumari Swati , Walters Keisha B. , Leszczynski Jerzy
Published: August 2019

Molecular organization dictates phases, stability and subsequent electronic structure of self-assembled monolayers. With appropriate density functionals, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations predicted and elucidated experimental orientations.
Multi-particle momentum correlations extracted using covariance methods on multiple-ionization of diiodomethane molecules by soft-X-ray free-electron laser pulses
Authors: You Daehyun , Fukuzawa Hironobu , Luo Yu , Saito Shu , Berholts Marta , Gaumnitz Thomas , Huttula Marko , Johnsson Per , Kishimoto Naoki , Myllynen Hanna , Nemer Ahmad , Niozu Akinobu , Patanen Minna , Pelimanni Eetu , Takanashi Tsukasa , Wada Shin-ichi , Yokono Naomichi , Owada Shigeki , Tono Kensuke , Yabashi Makina , Nagaya Kiyonobu , Kukk Edwin , Ueda Kiyoshi
Published: August 2019

Correlations between the ion momenta are extracted by covariance methods formulated for the use in multiparticle momentum-resolved ion time-of-flight spectroscopy.
A methodical study of quantum phase engineering in topological crystalline insulator SnTe and related alloys
Authors: Yarmohammadi Mohsen , Mirabbaszadeh Kavoos
Published: August 2019

A detailed analysis of the perturbation effects on the quantum phase of SnTe(001) surface states.
Entropic corrections for the evaluation of the catalytic activity in the Al(iii) catalysed formation of cyclic carbonates from CO2 and epoxides
Authors: González-Fabra Joan , Castro-Gómez Fernando , Sameera W. M. C. , Nyman Gunnar , Kleij Arjan W. , Bo Carles
Published: August 2019

Entropic corrections are found to be crucial for evaluating the catalytic performance in solution for the reaction of CO2 with epoxides.
Evaluation and structure–activity relationship analysis of antioxidant shrimp peptides
Authors: Wu Dan , Sun Na , Ding Jie , Zhu BeiWei , Lin Songyi
Published: August 2019

The effects of amino acids Gln and Lys on the antioxidant ability of peptides were investigated in this study.
Super-soft solvent-free bottlebrush elastomers for touch sensing
Authors: Reynolds Veronica G. , Mukherjee Sanjoy , Xie Renxuan , Levi Adam E. , Atassi Amalie , Uchiyama Takumi , Wang Hengbin , Chabinyc Michael L. , Bates Christopher M.
Published: August 2019

High sensitivity capacitive pressure sensors can be created with bottlebrush dielectric layers that overcome the limitations of traditional polymeric materials.
New o-substituted diphenylphosphinic amide ligands: synthesis, characterization and complexation with Zn2+, Cu2+ and Y3+
Authors: Rodrigues Furtado Medeiros Antônia Carlene , Gouvêa Marcos Martins , Felipe Thaian Vieira , Marques Flávia Ferreira de Carvalho , Bernardino Alice Maria Rolim , López Ortiz Fernando , de Souza Marcos Costa
Published: August 2019

Phosphinic amide derivatives have drawn significant attention in coordination chemistry and have been incorporated into the design and synthesis of new ligands.
Pnictogen bonding with alkoxide cages: which pnictogen is best?
Authors: Trubenstein Henry J. , Moaven Shiva , Vega Maythe , Unruh Daniel K. , Cozzolino Anthony F.
Published: August 2019

Antimony cages have the best balance between strength and directionality compared to the other congeners.
A spin controlled wavefront shaping metasurface with low dispersion in visible frequencies
Authors: Zhou Junxiao , Qian Haoliang , Luo Hailu , Wen Shuangchun , Liu Zhaowei
Published: August 2019

Similar to amplitude and phase, optical spin plays an important and non-trivial role in optics, which has been widely demonstrated in wavefront engineering, creation of new optical components, and sensitive optical metrology.
Targeted imaging and targeted therapy of breast cancer cells via fluorescent double template-imprinted polymer coated silicon nanoparticles by an epitope approach
Authors: Wang Hai-Yan , Cao Pei-Pei , He Zheng-Ying , He Xi-Wen , Li Wen-You , Li Yu-Hao , Zhang Yu-Kui
Published: August 2019

Dual-template imprinted polymer coated silicon nanoparticles with epitope imprinting achieved specific fluorescence diagnosis and targeted therapy of breast cancer cells.
Tailoring fluorescence emissions, quantum yields, and white light emitting from nitrogen-doped graphene and carbon nitride quantum dots
Authors: Gu Siyong , Hsieh Chien-Te , Ashraf Gandomi Yasser , Li Jianlin , Yue Xing Xing , Chang Jeng-Kuei
Published: August 2019

Highly fluorescent N-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) and graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs, g-C3N4) were synthesized using a solid-phase microwave-assisted (SPMA) technique.
Exploitation of donor–acceptor cyclopropanes and N-sulfonyl 1-azadienes towards the synthesis of spiro-cyclopentane benzofuran derivatives
Authors: Verma Kamal , Taily Irshad Maajid , Banerjee Prabal
Published: August 2019

An efficient method for the synthesis of spiro-cyclopentane benzofuran derivatives via a MgI2-catalyzed formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction between donor–acceptor cyclopropanes and N-sulfonyl 1-azadienes in good yield has been developed.
Synthesis and characterization of aromatic-PDMS segmented block copolymers and their shape-memory performance
Authors: Xu Hongli , Bijleveld Johan , Hedge Maruti , Dingemans Theo
Published: August 2019

Aromatic-PDMS (AB)nmultiblock copolymers: a one-component polymeric system that combines excellent mechanical properties with shape memory capability.
An amphiphilic, heterografted polythiophene copolymer containing biocompatible/biodegradable side chains for use as an (electro)active surface in biomedical applications
Authors: Molina Brenda G. , Cianga Luminita , Bendrea Anca-Dana , Cianga Ioan , Alemán Carlos , Armelin Elaine
Published: August 2019

Design of an amphiphilic heterografted block copolymer composed of a hydrophobic core backbone and both hydrophilic side chains, able to detect the redox reaction of NADH.
A pH-responsive graftable supramolecular polymer with tailorable surface functionality by orthogonal halogen bonding and hydrogen bonding
Authors: Jamadar Akshoy , Das Anindita
Published: August 2019

Orthogonal halogen (X)-bonding and hydrogen (H)-bonding have been employed for constructing a surface functionalizable supramolecular polymer in water featuring tunable morphology and dual stimuli (pH and temperature) responsive properties.
Ni-Catalyzed enantioselective reductive aryl-alkenylation of alkenes: application to the synthesis of (+)-physovenine and (+)-physostigmine
Authors: Li Yuxiu , Ding Zhengtian , Lei Aiwen , Kong Wangqing
Published: August 2019

A Ni-catalyzed enantioselective reductive aryl-alkenylation of alkenes for the synthesis of functionalized oxindoles is developed. With this method, a concise formal synthesis of (+)-physovenine and (+)-physostigmine has been completed.
Chemical exfoliation efficacy of semiconducting WS2 and its use in an additively manufactured heterostructure graphene–WS2–graphene photodiode
Authors: Desai Jay A. , Adhikari Nirmal , Kaul Anupama B.
Published: August 2019

Among magnetic stirring (MS), shear mixing (SM), and horn-tip (HT) sonication for the chemical exfoliation of semiconducting WS2, HT sonication resulted in stable dispersions which were used to demonstrate ink-jet printed graphene–WS2–graphene photodiodes.
Physics of excitons and their transport in two dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors
Authors: Kaviraj Bhaskar , Sahoo Dhirendra
Published: August 2019

Two-dimensional (2D) group-VI transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) semiconductors, such as MoS2, MoSe2, WS2 and others manifest strong light matter coupling and exhibit direct band gaps which lie in the visible and infrared spectral regimes.
Both chemical and crystalline phase configuration influence the molecular features of humic acids in humic–calcium–phosphates fertilizers
Authors: Baigorri Roberto , Erro Javier , Urrutia Óscar , Martinez José Manuel , Mandado Marcos , Martín-Pastor Manuel , García-Mina José M.
Published: August 2019

Phosphate–metal–humic complexes are very relevant in nature due to their crucial role in phosphate availability for plants and microorganisms.
Computational design of syntheses leading to compound libraries or isotopically labelled targets
Authors: Molga Karol , Dittwald Piotr , Grzybowski Bartosz A.
Published: August 2019

Network-search routines over large graphs of retrosynthetic scenarios are adapted to multi-target design operating on one common search graph enabling design of syntheses of compound libraries or isotopically labelled targets.
Reductive radical-polar crossover: traditional electrophiles in modern radical reactions
Authors: Pitzer Lena , Schwarz J. Luca , Glorius Frank
Published: August 2019

The concept of reductive radical-polar crossover (RRPCO) reactions has recently emerged as a valuable and powerful tool to overcome limitations of both radical and traditional polar chemistry.
Design of non-ionic carbon superbases: second generation carbodiphosphoranes
Authors: Ullrich Sebastian , Kovačević Borislav , Koch Björn , Harms Klaus , Sundermeyer Jörg
Published: August 2019

The edge-cutting design, synthesis and characterization of the so far strongest non-ionic carbon superbases is presented.
MnCo2S4/FeCo2S4 “lollipop” arrays on a hollow N-doped carbon skeleton as flexible electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Huang Yunpeng , Cui Fen , Bao Jian , Zhao Yan , Lian Jiabiao , Liu Tianxi , Li Huaming
Published: August 2019

Hierarchical MnCo2S4/FeCo2S4 “lollipops” constructed by nanosheet-built MnCo2S4 microspheres and FeCo2S4 nanoneedles were synthesized and immobilized on hollow carbon skeleton for efficient energy storage.
Phase-modulated 3D-hierarchical 1T/2H WSe2 nanoscrews by a plasma-assisted selenization process as high performance NO gas sensors with a ppb-level detection limit
Authors: Chen Yu-Ze , Lee Shao-Hsin , Su Teng-Yu , Wu Shu-Chi , Chen Pin-Jung , Chueh Yu-Lun
Published: August 2019

In this work, we create plasma-engineered-1T/2H 3D-hierarchical WSe2 nanoscrews derived from WOx 3D-hierarchical nanoscrews through a low-temperature plasma-assisted selenization process with controlled shapes grown using a glancing angle deposition (GLAD) system.
An electron-donating strategy to guide the construction of MOF photocatalysts toward co-catalyst-free highly efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Dong Dapeng , Yan Chaoxiong , Huang Jindou , Lu Na , Wu Pengyan , Wang Jian , Zhang Zhenyi
Published: August 2019

An electron-donating strategy is proposed to guide the construction of novel co-catalyst-free MOF photocatalysts. The well-designed CdS-based MOF exhibits an exceptional photocatalytic activity for H2 evolution.
Stability of push–pull small molecule donors for organic photovoltaics: spectroscopic degradation of acceptor endcaps on benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene cores
Authors: Watts Kristen E. , Nguyen Trung , Tremolet de Villers Bertrand J. , Neelamraju Bharati , Anderson Michael A. , Braunecker Wade A. , Ferguson Andrew J. , Larsen Ross E. , Larson Bryon W. , Owczarczyk Zbyslaw R. , Pfeilsticker Jason R. , Pemberton Jeanne E. , Ratcliff Erin L.
Published: August 2019

Degradation pathways of small molecule donors for organic photovoltaics are shown to be dependent on chemical traits and not just redox properties.
Confinement of silver nanoparticles in polystyrenes through molecular entanglements and their application for catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol
Authors: Huang Ping-Tsung , Chen Yu-Ning , Chen Kuan-Chung , Wu Shun-Huei , Liu Ching-Ping
Published: August 2019

Highly efficient PS-AgNPs were synthesized to study how molecular entanglements and S–Ag bonds affect the catalytic reaction of 4-nitrophenol.
Rationalizing the interphase stability of Li|doped-Li7La3Zr2O12via automated reaction screening and machine learning
Authors: Liu Bo , Yang Jiong , Yang Hongliang , Ye Caichao , Mao Yuanqing , Wang Jiping , Shi Siqi , Yang Jihui , Zhang Wenqing
Published: August 2019

Lithium metal batteries are a promising candidate for future high-energy-density energy storage.
16.7%-efficiency ternary blended organic photovoltaic cells with PCBM as the acceptor additive to increase the open-circuit voltage and phase purity
Authors: Pan Ming-Ao , Lau Tsz-Ki , Tang Yabing , Wu Yi-Ching , Liu Tao , Li Kun , Chen Ming-Chou , Lu Xinhui , Ma Wei , Zhan Chuanlang
Published: August 2019

Ternary solar cells with an efficiency of 16.7% were enabled through the use of PCBM as a higher LUMO-level acceptor additive to concurrently increase Voc, Jsc and FF values.
A KCl-assisted pyrolysis strategy to fabricate nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube hollow polyhedra for efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts
Authors: Liang Qiannan , Chen Zhijie , Chen Xiaodong , Li Yingwei
Published: August 2019

Co nanoparticles embedded in N-doped carbon nanotube polyhedra are fabricated via a novel low-temperature KCl-assisted thermolysis strategy using MOFs as precursors for boosting ORR and OER performances.
On-demand removable hydrogels based on photolabile cross-linkings as wound dressing materials
Authors: Wu Haiyang , Qin Zezhao , Yu Xiaofeng , Li Jinge , Lv Hongying , Yang Xiaoniu
Published: August 2019

A novel strategy based on photocleavable cross-linkings is proposed and demonstrated to develop hydrogels that can be removed in a noninvasive, on-demand, and controllable way.
The effect of light environment during the film formation process on the morphology and function of organic photovoltaics
Authors: Wu Xiaomin , Lan Shuqiong , Zhang Guocheng , Chen Huipeng , Guo Tailiang
Published: August 2019

Light environment during blade coating process has significant impact on the morphology, thermodynamics, and device performance of bulk-heterojunction blends.
A neutrophil-centric view of chemotaxis
Authors: Michael Melina , Vermeren Sonja
Published: August 2019

Neutrophils are key players of the innate immune system, that are involved in coordinating the initiation, propagation and resolution of inflammation. Accurate neutrophil migration (chemotaxis) to sites of inflammation in response to gradients of chemoattractants is pivotal to these roles. Binding of chemoattractants to dedicated G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) initiates downstream signalling events that promote neutrophil polarisation, a prerequisite for directional migration. We provide a brief summary of some of the recent insights into signalling events and feedback loops that serve to initiate and maintain neutrophil polarisation. This is followed by a discussion of recent developments in the understanding of in vivo neutrophil chemotaxis, a process that is frequently referred to as ‘recruitment’ or ‘trafficking’. Here, we summarise neutrophil mobilisation from and homing to the bone marrow, and briefly discuss the role of glucosaminoglycan-immobilised chemoattractants and their corresponding receptors in the regulation of neutrophil extravasation and neutrophil swarming. We furthermore touch on some of the most recent insights into the roles of atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) in neutrophil recruitment, and discuss neutrophil reverse (transendothelial) migration together with potential function(s) in the dissemination and/or resolution of inflammation.
Reading Outcomes for Individuals With Histories of Suspected Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Miller Gabrielle J. , Lewis Barbara , Benchek Penelope , Freebairn Lisa , Tag Jessica , Budge Karlie , Iyengar Sudha K. , Voss-Hoynes Heather , Taylor H. Gerry , Stein Catherine
Published: August 2019

Purpose

The primary aims of this study were to examine the speech-language correlates of decoding difficulties in children with histories of suspected childhood apraxia of speech (sCAS) and to identify predictors of low-proficiency reading levels.

Method

Participants were school-age children and adolescents, 7–18 years of age, diagnosed with sCAS (
n
= 40) or speech sound disorder but no sCAS (SSD-no sCAS;
n
= 119). The sCAS and SSD-no sCAS reading groups were compared on measures of performance IQ, oral language, phonological awareness, rapid automatic naming, diadochokinetic rates, single word articulation, and multisyllable and nonsense word repetition. Logistic regression analyses were employed to identify predictors of low-proficiency reading in the sCAS and SSD-no sCAS groups.

Results

Sixty-five percent of the participants with sCAS compared to 24% of those with SSD-no sCAS were classified as low-proficiency readers based on nonsense and single word decoding. Analysis failed to reveal significant differences in reading, oral language, or phonological awareness between low-proficiency readers with sCAS and low-proficiency readers with SSD-no sCAS. Oral language and phonological awareness skills were the best predictors of reading level for all participants, followed by performance on multisyllabic word repetition and diadochokinetic rate.

Conclusions

The language and phonological awareness deficits of children with sCAS are related to their risks for reading failure. To a lesser degree, motor speech deficits and speech sound production also increase risks for reading difficulties. The findings justify early intervention for this subset of children.
Intimate Partner Violence and Women With Disabilities: The Role of Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Ballan Michelle S. , Freyer Molly
Published: August 2019

This article is a call to action for speech-language pathologists to address the overlooked problem of intimate partner violence (IPV) among women with communication disorders (CDs). The article aims to heighten awareness of the higher rates of IPV in women with disabilities compared to those without, and to identify types of CDs that can result from IPV. The article provides background on CDs and IPV and delineates the role speech-language pathologists can play in identifying abuse and assisting patients to disclose IPV. Practice recommendations are provided, including enhanced IPV assessment for women with CDs, best practices for intervention emphasizing a trauma-informed approach, and the importance of collaboration and appropriate referrals.
A Retrospective Study of Long-Term Improvement on the Boston Naming Test
Authors: Sachs Alyssa , Rising Kindle , Beeson Pélagie M.
Published: August 2019

Purpose

Lexical retrieval impairment is a universal characteristic of aphasia and a common treatment focus. Although naming improvement is well documented, there is limited information to shape expectations regarding long-term recovery. This was the motivation for a retrospective study of longitudinal data on the Boston Naming Test (BNT;
Kaplan, Goodglass, & Weintraub, 1983
,
2000
).

Method

BNT scores were analyzed from a heterogeneous cohort of 42 individuals with anomia associated with a range of aphasia types. The data were collected over the course of 20 years from individuals who had participated in treatment and received at least 2 BNT administrations. A linear mixed model was implemented to evaluate effects of initial BNT score, time postonset, and demographic variables. For those over 55 years of age, BNT change was evaluated relative to data from the Mayo Clinic's Older Americans Normative Studies.

Results

There was a significant average improvement of +7.67 points on the BNT in individuals followed for an average of 2 years. Overall, the average rate of improvement was +5.84 points per year, in contrast to a decline of 0.23 points per year in a healthy adult cohort from the Mayo Clinic's Older Americans Normative Studies. Naming recovery was approximately linear, with significant main effects of initial BNT score (i.e., initial severity) and time postonset; the greatest changes were noted in those whose initial severity was moderate.

Conclusions

These findings indicate a positive prognosis for naming improvement over time regardless of demographic factors and provide estimates for clinical predictions for those who seek rehabilitation during the chronic phase.
Rigorous treatment of wave‐based control concept, structured procedures and critical observations
Authors: Valasek Michael , Marek Ondrej , Olgac Nejat , Neusser Zdenek
Published: August 2019

The concept of wave‐based control (WBC) has been around for about two decades. It is designed primarily for controlling the end‐point motions of one‐dimensional lumped mass flexible chains. The systems under consideration are, therefore, severely underactuated. Typical control objective for such systems is a point‐to‐point motion without unwanted residual oscillations. These oscillations, however, become troublesome especially for the lightly damped cases. The only way to attenuate them is to ‘shape’ the control input. For this WBC concept considers a set of hypothetical (forward and backward) motion waves, which combine to form the actual motions. This document critically investigates wonderful properties of WBC which are claimed over the years and presents a completely new mathematical and rigorous treatment of the method. We rectify several misconceptions, especially on the level of a priori knowledge which is required on the system dynamics. Second, the authors present a novel step‐by‐step procedure to design a WBC law which ultimately leads to a number of opportunities for future explorations. Finally, the necessary and sufficient conditions in system parameter space for the stability of WBC are rigorously elucidated for the first time in the literature to the best of our knowledge.
Fault resilient multi‐terminal high voltage direct current systems using distributed corrective power dispatch
Authors: Mojallal Aslan , Lotfifard Saeed , Azimi Seyed Mohammad
Published: August 2019

A distributed secondary layer control scheme for multi‐terminal high voltage direct current (MTDC) transmission systems is proposed. The proposed control scheme is achieved via solving a multi‐objective optimization problem. The objectives are defined such that: (i) the power losses of the system are minimized and (ii) the resiliency of the system in facing large disturbances and faults is enhanced. The second objective prevents the constant power converters to change their intended operating mode to avoid over‐voltages. Hence, the proposed scheme enhances the power commitment of such buses despite the occurrence of faults and large disturbances in the system. The proposed secondary controller is implemented in a distributed architecture using optimality condition decomposition. By employing the distributed scheme, the computational burden of the secondary level control is decreased and the autonomy of each zone in the MTDC grid is increased. The CIGRE B4 MTDC test system is employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. PSCAD and MATLAB are used to perform the simulations for the case studies. The simulation results verify that the proposed method enhances the resiliency of the MTDC systems by avoiding undesirable change of operations mode of constant power converters while decreasing losses of the system.
Optimal management of electric power in microgrids under a strategic multi‐objective decision‐making approach and operational proportional adjustment
Authors: López‐Santiago Dany Mauricio , Caicedo Eduardo Francisco
Published: August 2019

In energy management systems in microgrids, the combined and on‐line use of optimisation and prediction rolling horizons of renewable power and demand may compromise the optimal performance. Usually, the medium‐term optimal behaviour improves with additional available convergence time, while the error in predictions worsens with a broader horizon, against the using short‐term predictions, which usually contributes to more accurate management. To address this problem, this study proposes the strategical and operational energy management system (SO‐EMS) approach, which is based on three complementary management processes: (i) strategic energy management, based on off‐line multi‐objective optimisation on a rolling horizon, (ii) asynchronous decision making, which offers the ability to incorporate multiple criteria of a microgrid operator in the selection of an optimised energy plan, and (iii) operational power management, as an on‐line proportional redistribution and redispatch process based on rules. The SO‐EMS evaluation performed on a connected microgrid shows its ability to provide optimised plans on a rolling horizon of 24‐h predictions and to adjust them to 1‐m predictions. The evaluations made of the scheme also show flexibility because it is possible to redistribute the power assignments of units that are out of service. These features empower the SO‐EMS in the broad power management of various connected microgrids.
Numerical time domain method for calculation of the indicated DVOR bearing in dynamically disturbed scenarios
Authors: Sandmann Sergei , Bredemeyer Jochen , Schrader Thorsten , Garbe Heyno
Published: August 2019

The disturbing effects of scattering objects such as wind turbines (WTs) and other buildings on the flight navigation aid Doppler very high frequency omnidirectional radio range (DVOR) have been addressed in previous publications. Nevertheless, a practically feasible possibility to precisely and consistently predict the DVOR bearing deviation before the buildings’ construction is still missing. In this contribution, a method based on numerical simulations is presented which allows calculating the DVOR receiver's antenna voltage in the time domain for dynamically disturbed environments. Separating its frequency modulated and amplitude modulated content, the indicated DVOR bearing is calculated subsequently by determining the corresponding phase difference. Finally, the calculation results are validated by in situ measurements of DVOR signal disturbances in the environment of eight WTs.
Broadband planar antenna array for future 5G communication standards
Authors: Ullah Hidayat , Tahir Farooq A.
Published: August 2019

This study presents a 5G antenna array for millimetre‐wave communications. Overall size of the proposed antenna array is 40 × 15 mm2, and operates in a measured 23.76–42.15 GHz frequency range. A planar four‐way feed network has been designed, optimised and used to excite the antenna array elements. The single element of the array is spiral monopole surrounded by a boundary of vias with extended ground plane in an inverted U‐shaped manner. Hexagonal parasitic patches have been introduced at the backside to enhance impedance performance of the antenna element. Peak gain of the proposed antenna array is 11.5 dBi with radiation efficiency more than 83% in its entire operating band. The antenna gives a narrow beam‐width of as low as 10.1°. Single element and its 1 × 4 array have been fabricated using standard printed circuit board (PCB) process. Measured results show excellent compliance with the simulated design objectives. The antenna is low cost, low profile with simple design and is capable of being deployed in future 5G communication mobile networks.
Surface adjustment strategy for a large radio telescope with adjustable dual reflectors
Authors: Lian Peiyuan , Wang Congsi , Xue Song , Xu Qian , Shi Yu , Jia Yu , Xiang Binbin , Wang Yan , Yan Yuefei
Published: August 2019

With the development of large‐aperture and high‐frequency radio telescopes, a surface adjustment procedure for the compensation of surface deformations has become of great importance. In this study, an innovative surface adjustment strategy is proposed to achieve an automated adjustment for the large radio telescope with adjustable dual reflectors. In the proposed strategy, a high‐precision and long‐distance measurement instrument is adopted and installed on the back of the sub‐reflector to measure the distances and elevation angles of the target points on the main reflector. Here, two surface adjustment purposes are discussed. The first purpose is to ensure that the main reflector and sub‐reflector are always positioned at their ideal locations during operation. The second purpose is to adjust the main reflector to the location of the best fitting reflector, and the sub‐reflector to the focus of the best fitting reflector. Next, the calculation procedures for the adjustments of the main reflector and the sub‐reflector are discussed in detail, and corresponding simulations are carried out to verify the proposed method. The results show that the proposed strategy is effective. This study can provide helpful guidance for the design of automated surface adjustments for large telescopes.
High‐gain antipodal Vivaldi antenna with metamaterial covers
Authors: Guo Minjie , Qian Rongyi , Zhang Qisheng , Guo Linyan , Yang Zhengwei , Xu Ziyu , Wang Ziye
Published: August 2019

A metamaterial slab covered antipodal Vivaldi antenna (MSAVA) is proposed to improve the radiation properties of the antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA). The metamaterial covers (MCs) consist of two types of metal rectangular ring arrays that have a higher effective permittivity than the substrate. The MCs can achieve a guiding effect and direct electromagnetic waves radiated from the side of AVA to the end‐fire direction. The original AVA and the proposed MSAVA are simulated, fabricated and measured. The results show that of the two antennas is less than −10 dB in the frequency band of 0.95–11 GHz. Due to the introduction of MCs, MSAVA obtains a much narrower H‐plane's half‐power beamwidth, and the E‐plane's is narrowed as well. The radiation gain is also improved in the frequency band. Moreover, the maximum gain of the proposed MSAVA is 17.67 dBi. Compared with the original AVA, the maximum gain is enhanced by 6.86 dB for the proposed MSAVA. The presented MSAVA featuring broad bandwidth, high gain and narrow beam has a high potential in ground penetrating radar, microwave imaging application and other broadband wireless systems.
RCS promotion in orbital angular momentum imaging radar with rotational antenna
Authors: Zhang Chao , Jiang Xuefeng , Chen Dong
Published: August 2019

The azimuthal imaging can be acquired by the orbital angular momentum (OAM) wave. In addition, a large‐scale OAM mode number is necessarily required for high azimuthal resolution. To reduce the required OAM mode number, an azimuthal imaging method based on compressed sensing and OAM mode selection is presented. To be specific, the system architecture and the mathematical model of the OAM imaging radar are established. Meanwhile, an efficient OAM generation method with rotational antenna is proposed. Moreover, experiments show that different radar cross sections (RCSs) of a specific complex target can be obtained by different OAM waves, which are generated by the proposed method. It is a delight to find that the signal‐to‐noise ratio gain can be achieved due to the appropriate OAM mode selection in the experiment. Since different OAM waves lead to different RCSs of complex target, the OAM modes corresponding to high RCSs are selected to measure the azimuth for low complexity. Furthermore, simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed azimuthal imaging method for the general complex target. Using Monte Carlo simulations, it is found that the accuracy of azimuthal imaging can be guaranteed by the proposed azimuthal imaging method with only approximately 6% selected OAM modes.
Imaging algorithm for multi‐channel scan synthetic aperture radar with channel error estimation and compensation
Authors: Xiao Feng , Ding Zegang , Ke Meng
Published: August 2019

The wide swath synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging with a fine resolution is fundamentally a contradiction in conventional SAR imaging. To meet the demand of high‐resolution width swath (HRWS) imaging, multi‐channel scan mode has received a great deal of attention as a promising concept to realise HRWS observation. In this article, based on extended Chirp Scaling algorithm, an imaging algorithm for multi‐channel scan SAR is proposed. Furthermore, channel error estimation and compensation are the key point in multi‐channel scan imaging and are integrated into the proposed imaging algorithm. The computer simulation is shown to verify the presented imaging algorithm.