bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ORAL CAROTENOIDS FOR PHOTOHYPERSENSITIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH ERYTHROHEPATIC PROTOPORPHYRIA, POLYMORPHOUS LIGHT ERUPTIONS AND LUPUS ERYTHEMATODES DISCOIDES
Authors: HAEGER‐ARONSEN BIRGITTA , KROOK GÖSTA , ABDULLA MOHAMMED
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:β‐carotene and canthaxanthin in a dose of 75–250 mg a day by mouth reduced the symptoms of exposure to the sun in all 7 treated patients with erythrohepatic protoporphyria (EPP). in 15 of 18 with polymorphous light eruptions (PMLE) and in 3 of 4 with lupus erythematodes discoides. In the EPP group the protoporphyrin level tended to vary inversely with that of the serum carotenoids. The level of retinol‐binding protein in plasma remained unchanged despite a substantial rise in the concentration of the serum carotenoids. Estimation of the minimal erythema dose for unfiltered light from a Xenon lamp in 7 patients with PMLE showed an increase in only 1 patient. Neither clinical examination nor repeated laboratory studies revealed any serious side effects of the treatment.
A TRIAL WITH FLUOCINONIDE IN RECALCITRANT DERMATOSES
Authors: MFDANSKY ROLAND S. , HANDLER RAYMOND M. , COOK WILLIAM , WILLOUGHBY COLE B. , FFLLNER MICHAFL J.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: The effectiveness and safety of fluocinonide 0.05% in a cream base (FAPG cream: fatty acid propylene glycol) were evaluated in 105 patients with recalcitrant corticosteroid‐responsive dermatoses that had failed to respond adequately to at least two weeks’ previous treatment with one of 21 other topical corticosteroid preparations. At the end of three weeks, 66 (71.0%) of the 93 patients who qualified for analysis showed excellent to moderate improvement with fluocinonide. Side effects were rare and of a minor nature. The general effectiveness of fluocinonide is indicated in this single‐blind trial in which excellent or moderate results predominated in 8 of the 12 different diagnoses.
TRICHOSTASIS SPINULOSA
Authors: KAILASAM V. , KAMALAM A. , THAMBIAH A. S.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Fifty‐one patients with trichostasis spinulosa were studied. Lesions were confined to the nose, where a maximum of 86 hairs were found in a single hair follicle. Histologically, compound hair follicles with numerous vellous hairs and keratin filled sebaceous glands were observed. Compound hair follicles influenced by endocrines and probably actinic rays may be responsible for this condition.
DEMOGRAPHIC STUDY OF HEAD LICE INFESTATIONS IN SACRAMENTO COUNTY SCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: BILLSTEIN STEPHAN , LAONE PENNY
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Head lice infestations have become a problem in school children in Sacramento County. An open study was conducted to determine how widespread head lice infestations were among preschool and elementary school children in Sacramento County and to see how effective a newly marketed over‐the‐counter pediculicide containing 0.3% pyrethrins synergized by 3.0% piperonyl butoxide was. The public health nurse for this study visited the homes of all reported patients infested with head lice. She verified and provided the pyrethrins‐based treatment for 248 children, aged 6 months to 12 years. The children were Caucasian, Mexican‐American, black and other ethnic backgrounds and from low, middle and upper income levels. All the patients were successfully treated, and the school children were able to return to their classes in a short time.
DEXTRANOMER IN DERMATOLOGIC CONDITIONS
Authors: PARISH LAWRENCE CHARLES , WITKOWSKI JOSEPH A.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Dextranomer, a high molecular weight dextran derivative, was evaluated in 43 patients, and found to be the treatment of choice for decubitus ulcers. It is useful in most leg ulcers and cutaneous wounds, and can aid in the nursing care of terminal patients with gangrene or ulcerating carcinoma. Dextranomer hastens the postoperative course in dermabrasion patients. Although patients with bacterial infection show no change with dextranomer, it is useful in hastening the resolution of herpes simplex and herpes zoster lesions.
TRICHO‐RHINO‐PHALANGEAL SYNDROME
Authors: HANSEN DOYLE D. , SHEWMAKE STEPHEN W.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: The major characteristics of tricho‐rhino‐phalangeal syndrome (TRPS) include shortened and deviated digits, a typical fades with a pear‐shaped nose, a long phillrum and slowgrowing, fine, sparse hair. Cone‐shaped digital epiphyses are seen on x‐ray. A few patients with TRPS are mentally retarded. Associated endocrine abnormalities have been reported. Autosomal dominant and recessive patterns of inheritance have been described with most cases showing a dominant mode of inheritance.
CLINICO‐IMMUNOLOGIC CORRELATIONS IN PEMPHIGUS AND BULLOUS PEMPHIGOID
Authors: FABBRI PAOLO , PANCONESI EMILIANO
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Specific immunopathologic data can be found in 95% of patients with pemphigus vulgans and in 70% of patients with bullous pemphigoid. Antibodies in pemphigus vulgaris can belong to different classes of immunoglobulins and can be destroyed by immunosuppression. Twenty percent of the pemphigus patients had differing results suggesting early recurrence of disease. In patients with butlous pemphigoid, there is great variability in anti‐basal zone antibodies. When the disease clears, there is still a wide range of immunologic patterns.
Book Reviews
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN
Published: March 2008

Books reviewed in this article:

CANCER DERMATOLOGY. Frederick Helm, M.D.

INTRODUCTION TO MODERN PHOTOTHERAPY Leon Goldman, M.D.

DERMATOLOGIC ILLUSTRATION. Dennis Cole.

CLINICAL SKIN MICROBIOLOGY. Raza Aly, Ph.D. and Howard I. Maibach, M.D.

HUMAN MALIGNANT MELANOMA. Edited by Wallace H. Clark, Jr., M.D., Leonard I. Goldman, M.D., and Michael Mastrangelo, M.D.

BOTANICAL DERMATOLOCY: PLANTS AND PLANT PRODUCTS INJURIOUS TO THE SKIN. John Mitchell and Arthur Rook.
NUMMULAR ECZEMA OF STATIS ORIGIN
Authors: BENDL BERNARD J.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: A total of 113 patients with nummular eruptions of unknown origin were collected over a period of 8 years. This number Was reduced to 82 patients by exclusion of known clinical entities which became unmasked during the study. All 82 patients were found to have varicose veins and/or edema of the lower extremities. Autoeczematization may be the common denominator.
PAPILLON‐LEFEVRE SYNDROME
Authors: VERMA K. C. , KAUR CHADDHA MANJIT , JOSHI R. K.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Two cases of Papillon‐Lefevre Syndrome (PLS) in a family are reported. Association of recurrent infections, arachnodactyly, intracranial calcification and phalangeal abnormality have been observed. Because there is no history of consanguinity, and autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance is suggested.
SPOROTRICHOSIS
Authors: SEGAL ROBERT J. , JACOBS PAUL H.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Five cases of cutaneous sporotrichosis were seen at the Stanford University Department of Dermatology from 1996 to 1977, where the disease was previously unreported. The possibility of sporotrichosis should be considered when suppurative cutaneous lesions do not respond to antibacterial agents. Skin biopsy of sporotrichotic lesion is often nonspecific, while culture is the best method of diagnosis.
THESIS REVIEW
Authors: MAIBACH HOWARD I.
Published: March 2008

Book reviewed in this article:

DRUG PHOTOTOXICITY. Bo Ljunggren
THESIS REVIEW
Authors: MAIBACH HOWARD I.
Published: March 2008

Book reviewed in this article:

MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN PSEUDOXANTHOMA ELASTICUM AND SENILE SKIN. Lis Danielsen
KAPOSI'S ARCOMA
Authors: HANNO RUTH , OWEN LAFAYETTE G. , CALLEN JEFFRLY P.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: A case of Kaposi's sarcoma is presented in Which extensive diagnostic studies failed lo detect the cardiac, pulmonary, intestinal and nodal involvement that was found to be present at autopsy.
PATTERNS AND INTENSITY OE AUTOFLUORESCENCE AND ITS RELATION TO MELANIN IN HUMAN EPIDERMIS AND HAIR
Authors: FELLNER MICHAEL J. , CHEN AMELIA SU‐HUI , MONT MICHAEL , MCCABE JONATHAN , BADEN MICHAEL
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: The skin of 41 patients including 16 blacks, 15 Caucasiatis, and 10 Hispanics, was observed using a fluorescent microscope. Three patterns of autofluorescence were observed: intercellular, cytoplasmic, and a combination of inter cellular and cytoplasmic. The hair of 75 subjects, including 18 Negroes and 55 Caucasians, was observed. Two patterns were found: medullar and at the cortex.

Skin from black patients was associated with the cytoplasmic pattern of autofluorescence. Compared to lighter skin, black skin was also significantly associated with increased intensity of autofluorescence indicating that autoflorescence of the epidermis parallels the link al degree of pigmentation. In the hair of 75 subjects, similar results were obtained: Negro hair exhibited more fluorescnce than Caucasian hair, and darker hair (brown to black) exhibited more fluorescence than lighter hair(blond). This may be related to melanin and its breakdown products.
Epidemiology of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Greece
Authors: Stratigos J. , Tosca A. , Nicolis G. , Papavasiliou S. , Capetanakis J.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a disease endemic in Greece. Cases collected between the years 1975 and 1979 are analyzed from a clinco‐epidemiologic point of view. Prevalence is highest in the Ionian islands and Crete. The disease most commonly affects individuals 10 to 20 years of age. The exposed parts of the body are most commonly involved, particularly the face. The period of highest incidence is mid‐winter.
Favus
Authors: Dvoretzky Israel , Fisher Benjamin K. , Movshovitz Moshe , Schewach‐Millet Miriam
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Favus has become a rarely found chronic fungal infection mainly Caused by Trichophyton schoenleini and occasionally by Trichophyton violaceum or Microisporum gypseum. It can still be found in areas where the population suffers from poor hygiene and malnutrition. Cases are seen in the Mediterranean basin, the Middle East. Asia. Poland. Russia, France, and the Balkans. Isolated cases have also been reported from South Africa. Mexico, Central America, and canada. Cases are encountered occasionally in the United States, almost exclusively in immigrants.
Psoriasis and Other Common Dermatoses in Leprosy
Authors: Wahba Asher , Dorfman Morris , Sheskin Jacob
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: The medical records of all 309 leprosy patients who have been under the care of the Government Hospital for Hansen's disease in Jerusalem, Israel during the last 30 years, were surveyed. None of the patients showed clinical evidence of psoriasis on numerous examinations conducted during periods of follow‐up of up to more than 4 decades. If this finding proves to be reproducible also in other groups of leprosy patients in other regions of the world, this would suggest that psoriasis is very rare among leprosy patients and that psoriatic subjects might have a natural protection against the development of leprosy. This could possibly be explained as the result of the hyperactivity of the reticuloendothelial and phagocytic systems which seems to be an integral part of the psoriatic constitution.
Allergic Hypersensitivity to Lidocaine Hydrochloride
Authors: Chin Thomas M. , Fellner Michael J.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: A 39‐year‐old man developed allergic hypersensitivity to lidocaine hydrochloride and showed urticarial dermographism. Although hypersensitivity reactions to local anesthetics are rare and are usually due to esters of procaine, reaction to the amides of lidocaine can occur. A review of the literature for the past decade revealed only four reported cases of allergic hypersensitivity to lidocaine hydrochloride.
Herpes Zoster in a Husband and Wife
Authors: Feinstein Abraham , Trau Henri , Schewach‐Millet Miriam
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: The wife of a 75‐year‐old man with zoster began to suffer from this disease some 24 days after it appeared in her husband. Although zoster is generally regarded to be an endogenously noncommunicable disease, the case reported herein suggests that the infection was exogenously communicated. The literature pointing up that zoster may possibly be acquired exogenously, particularly in immunosuppressed patients, is extensively reviewed.
The Quantity and Distribution of Radiolabeled Dexamethasone Delivered to Tissue by Iontophoresis
Authors: Glass James M. , Stephen Robert L. , Jacobson Stephen C.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: A pilot study was conducted in the first of two monkeys using either radiolabeled Dm‐Na‐P or radiolabeled hydrocortisone sodium succinate, together with lidocaine HCI. This study indicated an approximately tenfold increase in the quantity of Dm‐Na‐P delivered to the test electrodes (4 mA; 20 minutes) whereas the quantity of hydrocortisone delivered from the test electrodes was only marginally (≅10%) increased as compared with that from the controls. In terms of an antiinflammatory activity, the effective dose of Dm‐Na‐P in all tissue layers underlying the test electrodes was at least tenfold that of the hydrocortisone. Therefore, further trials with hydrocortisone were abandoned.

In the Second animal, positive test electrodes (5 mA; 20 minuter, were sited over five joints on the right side of the body and matching control electrodes (0 mA: 20 minutes) were placed over corresponding joints on the left side of the body. The control and test electrodes each contained 1.0 ml tritiumlabeled Dm‐Na‐P (≅4.0 mg) and 2.0 ml 4% lidocaine HCI (80mg).

Local tissue concentrations of Dm‐Na‐P were higher than those that would be obtained by systematic therapy and lower than would be obtained by injection.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN
Published: March 2008

Book reviews in this article:

CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE (15th Ed.). P. Beeson, W. McDermott, J. Wyngaarden, Editors.

MODERN TOPICS IN PAEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY. Julian Verbov, Editor.

GENERAL DERMATOLOGY. Franklin S. Glickman.

CUTANEOUS IMMUNOPATHOLOGY. J. Thivolet and D. Schmitt, Editors
Acne Fulminans with Prolonged Polyarthralgia
Authors: Engber Peter B. , Marino Catherine T.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: A with acne fulminans found that his prolonged polyarhralgia was controlled by nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory agents. HLA typing showed the presence of A2, B7, and B8 antigens.
The Acne Flow Form
Authors: Guin Jere , Charles Parish Lawrence , Witkowski Joseph A.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Most problems in keeping good records on acne patients can be overcome by using an acne flow form. When properly designed, this form provides a rapid but accurate method of entering and retrieving information and evaluating progress. Each dermatologist can easily and inexpensively produce his own form. An example is presented and helpful suggestions are made on the design and use of an acne flow form.
The Epidemiology of Scabies in Turkey
Authors: TüZÜN Y. , Kotoǧgyan A. , ÇEnesizoǧglu E. , Baransü O. , ÖZarmaǧan G. , Ural A. , Cilara A. , Gürler A. , Tat A. L.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: The epidemiology of scabies for the last twelve years has been studied in Turkey. Information was obtained from three regions (Istanbul. Ankara and Erzurum) having different climates. There has been an increase in scabies in the years following 1969 in Ankara and Erzurum and from 1967 on in Istanbul. it reached Us maximum in 1978 in Erzurum. while this peak had been observed in early 1970s in other regions. Scabies incidence has significantly increased and de creased in winters and summers respectively, has been found to affect particularly the age group 15–44. and was observed more frequently in men than in women. Scabies seems to be moving to the eastern parts of Turkey.
Cirsoid Aneurysm
Authors: Rothstein Manfred S.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: A cirsoid aneurysm, which is an abnormal arteriovenous connection, occurred in a 65‐year‐old man. The lesion can vary greatly in size and does not have a characteristic histologic picture. Small lesions require no treatment.
Efficacy of Undecylenic Acid–Zinc Undecylenate Powder in Culture Positive Tinea Pedis
Authors: Chretien J. H. , Esswein J. G. , Sharpe L. M. , Kiely J. J. , Lyddon F. E.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: One hundred fifty‐one patients with tinea pedis participated in a double‐blind study to assess the efficacy and safety of d powder containing undecylenic acid 2% and line undecylenate 20% versus a placebo powder. Patients were assigned to apply twice‐daily applications of either active powder or placebo for a period of 4 weeks. Trichophyton rubrum or Trichophyton mentagrophytes were isolated from pre‐treatment cultures of 85 patients. Of these, 88% treated with active powder had negative cultures after 4 weeks compared with 17% of those treated with placebo powder (p < 0.001). Fungus was identified in potassium hydroxide (KOH) treated skin scrapings of all 151 patients before treatment. Of those treated with active powder. 80% were KOH negative after 4 weeks compared with 49% of those treated with placebo powder (p = 0.001). Erythema and scaling were significantly improved by therapy with active powder, as were subjective evaluations of itching and burning. There were no side‐effects or adverse reactions to undecylenic acid and its zinc salt.
Treatment of Paracoccidioidomycosis, Candidiasis, Chromomycosis, Lobomycosis, and Mycetoma with Ketoconazole
Authors: Cuce Luiz C. , Wroclawski Elisabeth L. , Sampaio Sebastiāo A. P.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: The authors present the use of ketoconazole in 27 cases of paracoccidioidomycosis, eight of mycetoma, seven of chromomycosis. four of systemic candidiasis and one of lobomycosis. The drug was administered orally in a dosage of 200 to 400 mg per day within a period of up to 90 days. The results of the treatment for paracoccidioidomycosis were of cicatrization of the cutaneous lesions in three to four weeks in 24 patients and in two, from six to seven weeks. Out of 27 patients, 14 presented pulmonary lesions. The evolution within a 90‐day period showed radiological cure in one case, improvement in seven, and unaltered picture in five patients. In one there was no further control. In the three out of four cases of candidiasis there was clinical and mycological cure and in one case marked improvement. In seven cases of chromomycosis there was marked improvement in two moderate in four, and slight in one case. There was slight improvement in one case of lobomycosis, and in eight cases of mycetoma moderate improvement in three, slight in three and none in two, but the mycological examinations wore still positive. The drug tolerance was excellent.
Triamcinolone Acetonide Spray (Reformulated) in the Treatment of Topical Steroid‐Responsive Dermatoses
Authors: Goldner Ronald
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: The environmental and health hazards from chlorofluorocarbons are well documented. Triamcinolone acetonide spray was reformulated, incorporating isobutane as the propellant and used on 50 patients with a wide variety of corticosteroid responsive dermatosis. The efficacy of triamcinolone in the treatment of these dermatoses was not altered by the isobutane.
Ketoconazole (R 41 400) in the Treatment of Dermatophyte Infections A Clinical, Mycological, and Morphological Study
Authors: Degreef H. , Van De Kerckhove M. , Gevers D. , Van Cutsem J. , Van Den Bossche H. , Borgers M.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Ketoconazole (100 mg, orally, once daily) was investigated in nine patients with extensive dermatophyte infections. After treatment ranging between one week and three months, clinical cures (healing of lesions and negative cultures) were observed in all cases. In vitro growth of Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, and T. verrucosum isolated from infected skin scales were completely inhibited by concentrations of ketoconazole of 10 μg/ml and above. No evidence for the development of drug resistance was obtained from regular in vitro sensitivity tests.
Pemphigus Vulgaris and Drug Reactions
Authors: Fellner Michael J. , Moshell Alan , Mont Michael A.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: A retrospective study of patients with pemphigus vulgaris, drug eruptions, psoriasis, and normal controls was undertaken in an attempt to determine whether a significant difference in drug exposure and/or drug allergy existed between the various groups. A statistically significant difference in drug exposure was found between pemphigus vulgaris and drug eruption patients, as compared with psoriatics and normal patients. Representative case reports and some possible mechanisms for the induction or exacerbation of pemphigus patients is described and discussed.
Acquired Structural Defects of the Hair
Authors: Chetty G. Nanjappa , Kamalam A. , Thambiah A. S.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Acquired hair shaft abnormalities resembling genetic trichorrhexis nodosa were seen In two patient's. Selenium shampoo and bacterial infection with trichomycosis axillaris may have been the contributing factors. There is a possibility that strongyloides larvae caused trichonodosis in one patient.
Ultrastructural Study of Lichen Planus:
Authors: Burkhart Craig G.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Colloid bodies, which are eosinophilic, dyskeratotic, damaged epidermal cells that show signs of fibrinoid necrosis and premature keratinization, may play a rote in the pathogenesis of lichen planus. An ultrastructural study of two patients with lichen planus focusing on the colloid bodies suggests the possibility of these bodies initiating the lichenoid dermal reaction.
Lymphangioma Tuberosum Multiplex:
Authors: Altchek Douglas D.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Lymphangioma tuberosum multiplex is a variant of lymphangioma in which there is an abundant proliferation of endothelial cells and dilated lymphatic vessels forming a large, lobulated tumor. A 57‐year‐old black man developed lymphangioma tuberosum multiplex progressively over a 30‐year period following the removal of a smaller tumor from the right posterior flank.
Mycobacterium Ulcerans
Authors: Ziefer Annlmarie , Connor Daniel H. , Gybson Dean W.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Two patients in Foya Kamara had necrotizing cutaneons ulcers. Subsequent histopathologic studies proved these to be Buruli ulcers (infection by Mycobacterium ulcerans. Previously, this infection had not been recognized west of Ghana. These are the most western example of the disease in Africa and extend the known endemic area about 1,000 km west.
Melanoma
Authors: Fox Joyce Naness , Sheikh Kaled M. , Gupta Rishab K. , Rea Thomas H. , Morton Donald L. , Levan Norman E.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Three instances of depigmentation occurring in children with congenital large nevocytic nevi are reported. Serologic studies for tumor‐associated antigens to melanoma were performed by indirect immunofluorescence and complement fixation on these patients and others with benign melanocytic disorders. Positive reactivity in several children was observed. The small numbers studied and lack of uniformity of other testing methods leave open the question of relevanc of such reactivity to malignant conversion or protection in congenital nevi.
Localized Comedo Formation After Cobalt Irradiation
Authors: Myskowski P. L. , Safai B.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Following Cobalt‐60 irradiation for a left fronto‐temporal tumor, a 61 ‐year‐old woman developed comedones on the forehead. These changes responded to conventional acne therapy with retinoic acid. Multiple acneigenic factors were implicated in the pathogenesis of her lesions.
Topical Treatment for Erythrasma
Authors: Cochran Ronald J. , Rosen Ted , Landers Terry
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Efficient, simple, and inexpensive management of erythrasma with an extemporaneous aqueous clindamycin hydrochloride solution is described.
Treatment of Scabies: Preliminary Report
Authors: Amer Mohamed , El‐Bayoumi Mohamed , Rizk Mohamed K.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Five topical treatments for scabies compared for efficacy in 85 infants with scabetic infestation. Preliminary results during the six‐month study period showed lindane to be the most effective, with furacin the least effective.
Complement Components in Recurrent Genital Herpes Simplex
Authors: Vignale Raul A. , Lasarvia Eduardo , Espasandin Jose
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Complement components 1,2,3,4 and total complement hemolytical activity CH50were studied in 39 patients with serve recurrent genital herpes simplex. The results show statistically significant and selective diminution of C4(P>0.001) The other components were normal. C4has a specific action against herpesvirus by itself or associated to some other elements over C4failure, local or systemic disturbances alter the homeostasis of specific and nonspecific immune system, provking a disbalance host‐virus which would explain the recurrence.
Pilomatricoma (Calcifying Epithelioma)
Authors: Hernandez‐Perez Enrique , Cestoni‐Parducci Rene Fernando
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: We found 100 cases of pilomatricoma by reviewing the files of the Department of Pathology of the National Medical Centre of El Salvador for a period of 58 months (January 1975 to October 1979). All diagnoses were confirmed by biopsies. The tumor was most frequent between 11 and 20 years of age. The mean age was 11.2 years, the youngest patient being of 1 year, 8 months and the oldest being 74. Both were boys. By sex, the feminine dominated with a ratio of 2.45 to 1 (71 % women and 29% men). In only two cases were the tumors multiple (two tumors in each one), and neither eruptive pilomatricomas nor association with other neoplasias or myotonic dystrophy were found. Most of the tumors occurred in the cephalic segment (29%)
Antimalarial Therapy for Lupus Erythematosus: An Apparent Advantage of Quinacrine
Authors: Zuehlke Richard L. , Lillis Patrick J. , Tice Ann
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: A retrospective study of 26 quinacrine‐treated lupus erythematosus patients failed to show evidence of drug‐induced ocular changes. Although quinacrine commonly produces minor side effects, such as yellow discoloration of the skin, and may rarely produce very serious side effects, such as aplastic anemia, it appears to produce much less oculotoxicity than does chloroquine.
Circumscribed Dermal Melaninoses: Classification, Light, Histochemical, and Electron Microscopic Studies on Three Patients with the Erythema Dyschromicum Perstans Type
Authors: Sanchez Nestor P. , Pathak Madhu A. , Sato Syozo S. , Sanchez Jorge L. , Mihm Martin C. , Fitzpatrick Thomas B.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Circumscribed dermal hypermelanosis refers to a group of cutaneous disorders with circumscribed blue, blue‐grey, slate‐grey, or blue‐black pigmentation. Dermal Melanocyte deposition (melanocytosis) and melanin in mdcrophages (melaninosis) are observed histopathologically. This group of disorders can be differentiated clinically from brown epidermal hypermelanosis by examination using Wood's light. The microscopic, histochemical, immunofluorescent, and ultrastructural findings in three cases of erythema dyschromicum Persians supports its classification in the group of circumscribed dermal melanosis. Damage to epidermal basal cells gives rise to a caseade of events producing the’ ashen‐gray color. The epidermal melanocytes in this disorder are morphologically distinctive and increased in number. Ultrastructurally, a direct interaction between melanocytes and lymphocytes's seen resulting in vacuolar degeneration of the dermalepidermal junction, with resultant incontinence of pigment. The dermal depth to which the pigment‐containing macro‐phages may extend is greater than that found in post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation. perhaps because of involvement of the appendageal structures.
Bullous Pemphigoid after Chemotherapy for Choriocarcinoma
Authors: Hashim Amer Magid , Akhtak Mohamed , Michael Mackey Dan , George Butler Patrick
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: A 40‐yeair‐old‐woman with choriocarcinoma expedient ed several episodes of generalized bulimia lesions while undergoing chemotherapy. The lesions were diegnosed clinically as bullous pemphigoid and this was confirmed by histologic examination and direct immunofluorescent studies. The role of immunology factors and chemotherapeutic agents as a possible etiology of bullous pemphigoid is discussed.
A Hydroquinone Solution in the Treatment of Melasma
Authors: Sanchez Jorge L. , Vazquez Miguel
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Two versions of a 3% hydroquinone solution in a hydroalcoholic solution were tested in 46 patients with melasma. The more effective of the two solutions tested, Formula A, was found to produce improvement in 88% of the patients, with moderate to marked improvement in 36% of them with minimal side effects. The usage of a sunscreen agent seems to be necessary for therapeutic efficacy.
Cutaneous and Mucosal Warts
Authors: Guillet Gerard Y. , Del Grande Philippe , Thivolet Jean
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: The clinical and histopathological study of cutaneous and mucosal warts demonstrates divergences between clinical and histopathological diagnoses among the group of myrmecias, mosaics, acrodigitate, and common warts. There is correlations criteria (when considered separately), such as hyperkeratosis and absence at keratohyaline granules in flat warts, and in ano‐genital vegetations. The existence of clinical and histological overlaps emphasizes that it is not clear whether these cases are rare clinical varieties caused by as yet unknown types of human papillomaviruses, or rather by differences in the degree of keratinization at different sites in the body.
Variably Acid‐fast Bacteria in a Rare Case of Coexistent Malignant Lymphoma and Cutaneous Sarcoid‐like Granulomas
Authors: Cantwell Alan R.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: A 74‐year‐old woman presented clinical, laboratory, and histologic evidence of coexistent cutaneous sarcoid‐like granulomas, malignant lymphocytic lymphoma, and multiple basal cell carcinomas, all occurring within slightly more than a one‐year period. Variably acid‐fast coccoid forms were observed in the histologic sections of the cutaneous, non‐caseating granulomas: and similar, variably acid‐fast, extra and intracelluar coccoid forms and granular bodies were seen in the lymph nodes showing lymphoma. The possible relationship between sarcoid‐like granulomas, sarcoidosis, and malignancy is discussed, as well as the possible role of cell wall deficient forms (L‐forms) of mycobacteria in the pathogenesis of these diseases.
CH50 and C3 Component of Complement in Hansen's Disease
Authors: Iliadi‐Alexandrou M. E. , Patramani I. , Venetsanos P. , Parissis N. , Pavlatou M.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Although a variety of complement values have been reported in leprosy, we found no difference in the CH50 and C3 in the sera of 30 normal persons and 233 lepromatous patients. No statistically significant difference was observed in CH50and C3 values between healthy controls and lepromatous patients taken as a whole or separated into the different types of the disease spectrum (P > 0.1). A statistical difference in C3 titers was found between health controls and borderline patients (P < 0.05 > 0.01) but the sample number is too small to be valid. An important number of sera tested had low and an equally important number had high complement values. Sera with high and low values are important because high values are found in acute inflammatory reactions and low values demonstrate complement activation. Discrepancies in reported results are probably due not only to differences in the methods used, storage and limited number of sera tested, but mainly to the stage of the disease and the drug's administration.
Use of Colchicine in the Treatment of Behçet's Disease
Authors: Harper Robert M. , Allen Bruce S.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: To date, various treatment modalities have failed to produce consistent improvement in patients having Behçet's disease. Recent reports in the literature, however, have shown promising results with the use of colchicine. Our patient, an 18‐year‐old white woman, satisfied the 1977 Istanbul Conference criteria for Behçet's disease by exhibiting ocular inflammation and a five‐year history of severe, recurrent oral and vaginal ulcerations. She was treated with 0.6 mg of colchicine orally twice daily, and at the end of two weeks of treatment, the oral lesions had completely resolved, and the vaginal ulcers were reduced in diameter and depth to at least one half. Within one month, all oral and Vaginal ulcers were completely healed.
Acquired Hypertrichosis Lanuginosa
Authors: Sindhuphak Wannasri , Vibhagool Amnuay
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: A 32‐year‐old Thai woman developed acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa with generalized lanugo hair, deeply furrowed tongue, and keratosis pilaris. She had metastatic adenocarcinoma of the liver. A review of world literature reveals 24 cases of which 22 were associated with proven malignancies. Acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa is almost always A cutaneous sign of internal cancer.
Toxic Shock Syndrome in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Findlay Robert F. , Odom Richard B.
Published: March 2008

A case of toxic shock syndrome with attendant clinical and laboratory abnormalities is presented. The coexistence of systemic lupus erythematosus in this patient emphasizes the need to consider this in the differential diagnosis. Since a broad spectrum of disease severity does exist and cutaneous manifestations are often prominent, milder forms of this syndrome may present to the dermatologist for evaluation.
Acquired and Inherited Porphyria:
Authors: Magnin P. H. , del C. Batlle A. M. , de Xifra E. A. Wider , Lenczner M. , Parera V. E. , Steela A. M.
Published: March 2008

Inheritance in 30 cases of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) and their relatives was investigated. Seventeen families were studied using the clinical criteria, quantitation and thin layer chromatography of urinary porphyrins. Thirteen families (13 propositus and 48 relatives) were investigated by using the above criteria and in vitro porphyrin biosynthesis by erythrocytes from δ‐aminolevulinic acid. Three different types of PCT were identified: overt, subclinical and latent. Among 61 members examined, 13 had overt PCI. In six families, ten members had subclinical PCT and six latent PCT showing that in these six families PCT was a hereditary disorder. In seven other families inheritance could not be demonstrated.
Treatment of Generalized Scleroderma with Inhibitors of Collagen Synthesis
Authors: Asboe‐Hansen Gustav
Published: March 2008

Clinical evaluation of scleroderma and the urinary excretion of collagen specific amino acids and uronic acid indicate disease activity and have become a guide for the treatment. During an experimental search for inhibitors of the synthesis of collagen and ground substance glycosaminoglycans, a few connective‐tissue active agents were selected for therapy of scleroderma: D‐penicilamine, benzyl‐penicillin‐diethylamino‐ethylester‐hydroiodide, l‐glutamine, hydralazine, glucocorticoids, dextro‐thyroxine, l‐dopa, diphenylhydantoin, chlorpromazine, and (+) catechine. Treatment for several years was required to bring about an arrest of progression in 89% of the patients, a regression in three‐quarters, and subtotal or total recovery in more than 40%. Indications of favorable prognosis are youth, short disease history, a high total dose of agent, and long duration of the treatment.
Book Reviews
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN
Published: March 2008

Book reviews in this article:

ANDREWS' DISEASES OE THE SKIN. Anthony N. Domonkos, Harry L. Arnold, Jr., and Richard B. Odom.

VASCULITIS. K. Wolff, and R. K. Winkelmann.

COSMETIC SCIENCE, Volume 2. M. M. Breuer, Editor.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN
Published: March 2008

Book reviews in this article:

THE EPIDERMIS IN DISEASE. R. Marks and E. Christophers.

AMERICAN MEDICINE IN TRANSITION 1840–1910. John S. Haller Jr.

CLINICAL PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY. Sidney Hurwitz.

LABORATORY MEDICAL MYCOLOGY. Yousef Al‐Doory.
Idiopathic Deciduous Skin
Authors: Panja Salil K. , Sengupta Sujit
Published: March 2008

Five patients are described with more or less continuous peeling of the skin aggravating in summer months. No family members are affected and consanguinity among parents of affected individuals is not seen. Characteristically the palms, soles, mucous membrane, and scalp are spared from shedding. Generally the patients look dirty and occasional erythema and vesiculation occur. Both sexes are affected equally. The disease does not start at birth and the onset may be delayed. Histopathologic examination shows subcorneal reparation of bulla formation without acantholysis. The stratum corneum appears very loose and shows little hyperkeratosis (or‐thokeratosis). Treatment is ineffective except mild keratolytics give cosmetic improvement. Etiology remains unknown. An autoimmune mechanism may be implicated. The authors propose the name ‘idinpathic deciduous skin’ for this distinct new dermatologic entity.
Steroid‐induced Dermal Atrophy
Authors: Booth Barbara A. , Tan Elaine M. L. , Oikarinen Aarne , Uitto Jouni
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Collagen production by human skin fibroblast cultures was studied by incubation with [3H] proline and several glucocorticosteroids known to produce dermal atrophy in vivo. Collagen production was measured as formation of [3H]hydroxyproline or collagenase‐digestible3H‐polypeptides, and the values were corrected for changes in cell number in the same cultures. The steroids, in a wide concentration range, failed to elicit any consistent alterations in collagen production. Review of the literature dealing with corticosteroid‐induced changes in collagen production by human skin fibroblasts indicate conflicting results even under apparently similar incubation conditions. Consequently, no unifying hypothesis for steroid‐induced dermal atrophy can be developed presently based on the in vitro data.
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Korea A Case Report with Electron Microscopic Studies
Authors: Park Yoon‐Kee , Lee Sungnack , Won Cheon Hye , Sook Kim Chung , Seo Young Hoon
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Cutaneous leishmaniasis developed in a 41‐year‐old Korean man who returned from the Middle East. Light microscopy showed the lesion consisted of a heavy, chronic ill‐defined granulomatous inflammation involving the entire thickness of the dermis. Numerous Leishman bodies were seen extracellulary and histiocytes also contained many Leishman bodies. Electronmicroscope studies revealed organisms with a relatively thick pellicle, a complete intracellular flagellum, a distinct kinetoplast, Golgi apparatus, many free ribosomes, and partial degenerative changes.
Blood Flow and Blood Pressure in Fingers in Generalized Scleroderma
Authors: Kristensen Johannes K.
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Sympathetic hyperactivity cannot be implicated in the peripheral vascular disturbances in patients with generalized scleroderma. On the contrary, there seems to be some evidence for a sympathetic hypoactivity in these patients and there seems to be good reason to abandon sympathectomy in the treatment. Vasodilator drugs can be hazardous in late‐stage scleroderma due to the possibility of redistribution of blood flow and a decrease in systemic blood pressure. Even a small decrease in systemic blood pressure severely affects blood flow in the low pressure vascular bed found in fingertips of patients with generalized scleroderma.
Dermatologic Diagnosis by Using the Hemocytometer and the Dental Broach
Authors: Dutz Werner , Kohout Elfriede
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: The hemocytometer and dental broach are useful tools in diagnosing dermatologic conditions.
Oral Ketoconazole in the Treatment of Leishmaniasis
Authors: Gomez Urcuyo F. , Zaias Nardo
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Six patients with an initial cutaneous and mucocutaneous lesion of Leishmania brasilienses in Nicaragua were treated with ketoconazole, 400 mg per day for 3 months. All clinical signs and symptoms of the disease cleared rapidly in less than 3 months. No overt disease was noted at a 3 month follow‐up. Ketoconazole was well‐tolerated.
Serum Zinc in Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Amer Mohamed , Bahgat Mohamed R. , Tosson Zienab , Mowla Mahmoud Y. M. Abdel , Amer Kawather
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Serum zinc levels In acne patients and in matched healthy controls of both sexes and within the same age group (16–20 years age) were estimated. Women, whether diseased or healthy, have shown a significantly lower mean serum zinc level than the corresponding men. In advanced grades of acne, both men and women have a significantly lower level than the corresponding control groups. Within the same sex group, those with advanced grades have revealed a significantly lower level than those with flight grades.
Circulating Immune Complexes in Henoch‐Schonlein Purpura
Authors: Wenner Nadine P. , Safai Bijan
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Henoch‐Schonlein purpura (HSP) is a symptom complex which may involve the skin, joints, gastrointestinal tract, and kidney. Skin involvement occurs in more than 50% at the patients and may appear as erythematous purpuric macules or papules. The skin lesions show histologic features of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Deposits of immunoglobulin and complement may be present in the involved vessel walls. A case of HSP is described where high levels of circulating immune complexes were found. This further suggests the possible involvement of immune complexes in the pathogenesis of HSP.
The Treatment of Dermatophytoses of the Glabrous Skin: A Comparison of Undecylenic Acid and its Salt Versus Tolnaftate
Authors: Battistini Francisco , Cordero Carlos , Urcuyo Francisco Gomez , Rojas Rosa F. , Ollague Wenceslao , Zaias Nardo
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: In a double‐blind study, the efficacy of 1% tolnaftate cream, 3% undecylenic acid and its zinc salt, and a placebo cream were tested in dermatophytosis of the glaborous skin and groin. Ninety‐seven subjects completed the study: 33 received tolnaftate, 23 of these subjects were cured clinically and mycologically. Thirty‐two subjects received 3% undecylenic acid and 20% zinc undecylenate as a cream. Of these, 21 were cured clinically and mycologically. Only three of the 32 subjects receiving placebo were cured clinically and mycologically. Both tolnaftate and undecylenic acid and its zinc salt are effective in this condition.
Clindamycin Phosphate Used in Combination with Tretinoin in the Treatment of Acne
Authors: Rietschel Robert L. , Duncan Susan H.
Published: March 2008

Sixty‐four patients with acne were studied to evaluate the irritancy, tolerance, and systemic absorption of topical 1 % clindamycin phosphate when combined with tretinoin gel 0.025% as compared to either agent alone. All these treatment regimens were effective and well‐tolerated. Clindamycin alone was less irritating than tretinoin alone or tretinoin combined with clindamycin. The combination treatment produced fewer complaints from patients than tretinoin alone. No systemic absorption of clindamycin was detected after two weeks and eight weeks of usage.
Symptomatic Neurosyphilis
Authors: Lee Jung Bock , Kim Soo Chan , Lee Sungnack , Whang Kyung Hee , Choi Il Saing
Published: March 2008

We observed 24 patients with symptomatic neurosyphilis. Of the 24 patients, nine had clinical manifestations of general paresis, seven tabetic neurosyphilis, five meningovascular neurosyphilis, one taboparetic, one tabomeningovascular, and one spinal neurosyphilis. Confusion, disorientation, lancinating pain, impaired memory, and bizzare behavior were the most prevalent symptoms. Sensitivity of the CSF FTA‐ABS test was higher (96%) than that of the CSF VDRL test (79%). CSF cell count and total protein determination may be inadequate for assessing activity of neurosyphilis.
Asymptomatic Neurosyphilis
Authors: Dijkstra Jacob W. E.
Published: March 2008

Lumbar puncture was performed in 18 patients with latent syphilis to rule out asymptomatic neurosyphilis. In seven patients the CSF findings were abnormal. The parameters used in CSF were cell count, total protein, immunoglobulins (IgC, IgA, IgM), IgG index, and serologic tests for syphilis (VDRL, Kolmer, RPCF and FTA‐ABS, including monospecific IgC and IgM conjugates). In three patients, the CSF findings 7–10 months after treatment are also given. Penicillin levels in serum and CSF were determined in two patients after aqueous procaine penicilline C in with and without oral probenecid. The effect of blood contamination on the differentiation between normal and abnormal CSF may not be significant.
Histopathological Aid at the Diagnosis of the Ehlers‐Danlos Syndrome, Gravis and Mitis Types
Authors: Pierard G. E. , Pierard‐Franchimont C. , Lapiere C. M.
Published: March 2008

The Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome is commonly divided into al least 8 types according to clinical, genetic, and biochemical aspects. We propose histological criteria that would permit a more precise diagnosis of the gravis and mitis types. In the gravis type, collagen bundles are thin and rare in the dermis and hypodermal septae; in polarized light, they are less refringent than in normal skin. This is associated with an increase in the relative proportion of elastic fibers. In the mitis type, the looseness of the collagen network is much less evident; elastic fibers are not in excess but irregular in size, shape, distribution, and orientation.
T‐Lymphocyte Subsets in Leprosy
Authors: Gonzalez‐Amaro Roberto , Moncada Benjamin , Loredeo Carmen E. , de Lourdes Baranda Maria
Published: March 2008

Immunologic abnormalities in T cells have been reported in patients with lepromatous leprosy. Ten patients with leprosy (eight lepromatous, one dimorphous, one tuber‐culoid) were studied in order to detect the proportions of total T lymphocytes and helper as well as suppressor subsets, using monoclonal antibodies in an indirect immunofluorescence test. Percentages of total T cells, suppressor cells, as well as helper subsets were similar in leprosy patients as compared with age‐matched controls. This study could be considered a preliminary one to be followed by functional assays.
Percutaneous Absorption of Clindamycin in the Pig and the Rat
Authors: Gray J. E. , Stern K. , Weaver R. , Larsen E. R. , Newman F. , Metzler C. M.
Published: March 2008

Clindamycin HCI in a 3% formulation was applied twice daily to the back skin of three white (Yorkshire) and three black (Hampshire) pigs for 22 days. Partial thickness samples of skin were obtained by use of a dermatome on shaved opposite sides at 4 hours and 5 days posttreatment. More than twice the antibiotic activity (P ≤ .001) was found in thinner (254μm epidermis) samples than in thicker (1016 μm epidermis and dermis, 1 to 3) samples. A significantly higher content of antibiotic (P = 0.015) was retained in the skin of black pigs at five days posttreatment. Croups of ten Upjohn Sprague‐Dawley rats were treated similarly with clindamycin phosphate in a 3 % formulation three times daily for 22 days. At termination of treatment antibiotic activity was widely distributed, whereas at five days posttreatment residual activity was confined largely to samples of treated skin. No cutaneous irritation due to treatment was observed in either study.
Percutaneous Absorption, Blood Levels, and Urinary Excretion of Resorcinol Applied Topically in Humans
Authors: Yeung David , Kantor Stuart , Nacht Sergio , Gans Eugene H.
Published: March 2008

The absorption and metabolic disposition of 2% resort mot applied topically in a hydroalcoholic vehicle was determined in three human subjects. The drug penetrated the skin at a rate of 0.37μg/cm2/hour. After 2 weeks of bid application of 800 mg resorcinol to about 30% of body surface each subject, an average of 1.64% of the dosage was being excreted in 24‐hour urine specimens as the glucuronide or as the sulfate conjugate. There was no resorcinol in blood drawn at weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4, nor were there any abnormalities w thyroid function or blood chemistries at weeks, 2, 3, and 4. Resorcinol (2%) appears safe for topical use in humans.