bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
تطوير الوسيلة التعليمية بنظام الإنجليزية بدون صعوبة باستخدام تطبيق أندرويد لمهارة الكلام
Authors: Asror Robby Arinil , Thahir Halil , Huda Mokhammad Miftakhul
Published: December 2020

أهداف هذا البحث لإنتاج الوسيلة التعليمية بنظام الإنجليزية بدون صعوبة باستخدام تطبيق أندرويد لترقية مهارة الكلام فى اللغة العربية، ولمعرفة تصحيح المنتج و لمعرفة نموذح التعلم المناسب لتطبيق المنتج. ويستخدم هذا البحث بنموذج التطوير من ديك وكاري. المنتج المطور هو تطبيق أندرويد يسمى بــــ"سهلة"، فيه ثلاثة موضوعات وهي: الأسرة، و التعارف، و بيتي. و لكل موضوع أربعة مكونات على الأقل، منها النص و الفىديو و القصة القصيرة والمفردات. نتيجة تصحيح المنتج  تدل على أن النتيجة من خبير المادة هي 80.5% فى فئة جيدة و النتيجة من خبير الوسيلة هي 86.1% فى فئة جيدة أيضا، و النتيجة من الاختبار الميداني من المعلم هي 85% و من الطلاب 83.3% فى فئة جيدة أيضا. أما نموذج التعلم المناسب لتطبيق المنتج المطور هو التعلم بأسلوب المستقل.
PENAFSIRAN TERMA NUN, AL-QALAM, DAN YASTHURUN DALAM AL-QUR’AN (ANALISIS SEMIOTIK)
Authors: Fiddaraini Zahwa Amaly , Rohman Muhammad Ariffur
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkonstruksi makna bahasa al-Qur’an dengan system tanda. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan semiotika. Berdasarkan pembacaan semiotika terhadap penafsiran tiga terma yang terdapat dalam surat al-Qalam ayat satu, penulis menemukan bahwa dengan pembacaan menggunakan teori aksis paradigmatic dan aksis sintagmatis, nun merupakan bagian dari huruf-huruf abjad, yang terletak pada permulaan sebagian surat al-Qur’an seperti halnya Aliflâmmîm, Aliflâmrâ, Aliflaammîmshâd dan sebagainya, yang merupakan bagian dari huruf-huruf abjad yang terletak di awal surah atau yang biasa disebut huruf al-Muqatha’ah. Dengan pembacaan menggunakan teori interaksi antar tanda/metafora dan metonim, nun adalah ‘bak tinta’, tempat menyimpan tinta yang merupakan kelengkapan pena untuk menulis, nun juga dimaknai sebagai sungai di surga. Adapun dengan pembacaan menggunakan teori heuristic dan pembacaan retroaktif/pembacaan secara semantic serta pembacaan secara hermeneutic, nun adalah malaikat yang diperintahu ntuk mengguankan pena untuk menulis. Nun ialah malaikat yang melukis semua kejadian pada lembaran atau kanvas tempat menuangkan tulisan. Jadi, nun wa al-qalamwa ma yasturun adalah hierarki antara Tuhan dan makhluk-Nya.
CONSENSUS ALGORITHMS BASED BLOCKCHAIN OF THINGS FOR DISTRIBUTED HEALTHCARE
Authors: Al-Joboury Istabraq M. , Al-Hemiary Emad H.
Published: December 2020

Internet of Things (IoT) consists of smart Things with evolution of ubiquitous computing. Fog Computing (FC) processes and analyzes data of these sensors near to users. However, the ever-increasing in number of Things and the consequent explosion in data traffic have led to fail traditional solutions of centralized storage.  Blockchain is a new technology developed as a shared ledger build around peer-to-peer network to produce unchangeable blocks that contain multiple data. These blocks are linked to previous ones in sequence called chain through hash functions. Participants in blockchain selects a leader through one of consensus algorithms who adds new blocks in the chain to prevent dishonest nodes from creating invalid blocks. In this paper, we propose IoT based blockchain architecture named blockchain of Things to store medical records in a distributed manner. The architecture is emulated on Fog server Linux-based using Node.js and Postman. Three consensus protocols, namely: Proof of Work (PoW), Proof of Stake (PoS), and Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) are emulated and communicated using WebSocket. The consensus algorithms are evaluated in terms of CPU utilization and memory usage. The results show that PoS compared to PoW and PBFT is more lightweight and beneficial to IoT application.
Laboratory assessment of the suitability of predatory bugs Orius laevigatus and Orius majusculus as natural enemies of seed potato pests in greenhouses
Authors: Pazyuk* I. M. , Binitskaya N. V.
Published: December 2020

Laboratory experiments were performed to test Orius majusculus and Orius laevigatus suitability for potato protection. The adult bugs released on potato plants infested with Myzus persicae can normally survive, mature, and reproduce. In the absence of prey, the bugs can survive for about a week. And though addition of flower pollen increased survival, insect fecundity remained low. Only feeding by Sitotroga cerealella eggs added to potato plants provided for sustainable fecundity of Orius females laying up to 200 eggs during the lifetime. Thus, O. majusculus can be applied for biological control of aphids on seed potatoes in greenhouses and the grain moth eggs can be used as an additional food for the bugs.
Features of conspecific and heterospecific interactions of greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum and spider mite Tetranychus urticae on cucumber
Authors: Kirillova* O. S. , Razdoburdin V. A.
Published: December 2020

Рlant-mediated interactions between greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum and spider mite Tetranychus urticae have been studied under laboratory experiments on cucumber. The seedlings have been infested using different herbivores densities, when the first true leaf was fully unfolded The response of pests to previously damaged plants has been studied. Whitefly and spider mite plant selection in free-choice bioassay, as well as the larvae number of the whitefly daughter generation and the daily spider mite fecundity have been evaluated in the experiment. We have found, that the antixenotic and antibiotic cucumber properties in regard to the herbivorous arthropods, as a result of herbivore-induced plant defense development, depend on herbivore species and intensity of arthropod damage to plants. Damage to plants by whitefly has affected the behavior and development of a conspecific individuals only. Damage to plants by spider mites has affected both whitefly and spider mite individuals. Analysis of literature on this issue and the results of our research show a specificity of plant responses to arthropod damage, that can be determined by the specific features of herbivorous species and depend on the nature and intensity of the plant damage.
Tension Strength Prediction of Transverse Branch Plate-to-Rectangular Joint with Concrete Filling
Authors: Xiong Zhihua , Liu Yongjian , Liu Bin , Jiang Lei
Published: December 2020

This paper predicts the tension strength of Concrete-filled Branch Plate-to-Rectangular Hollow (CBPRH) joint by conducting experimental and theoretical analysis. A total of 46 X-joints with different geometric parameters were investigated, in which 4 specimens were tested under ultimate tension and 42 specimens were numerically analyzed. The joint’s strength, failure mode and load-displacement curve were obtained. Perfobond Leister Rib (PBR) was welded in part of the specimens to investigate its effect on joint’s tensile performance. It is shown that the ultimate strength of transverse CBPRH joint benefit from grouting of chord and installation of PBR. The ultimate strength of CBPRH joint with PBR is larger than the counterpart without PBR. Tension strength equations were proposed for both CBPRH joints with and without PBR by nonlinear regression. The chord axial stress reduction factor was discussed and a modified equation originated from hollow joint was recommended for CBPRH joint. Connection efficiency was presented and compared among branch plate-to-rectangular hollow (BPRH) joint, CBPRH joint and CBPRH joint with PBR.
Strain-gradient effect on the crack tip dislocations density
Authors: Shlyannikov Valery , Tumanov Andrey , Khamidullin Ruslan
Published: December 2020

In this study, the influence of a material’s plastic properties on the crack tip fields and dislocation density behavior is analytically and numerically analyzed using the conventional mechanism-based strain-gradient plasticity (CMSGP) theory established using the Taylor model. The material constitutive equation is implemented in a commercial finite element code by a user subroutine, and the crack tip fields are evaluated with novel parameters in the form of the intrinsic material length, characterizing the scale over which gradient effects become significant. As a consequence of the strain-gradient contribution, FE results show a significant increase in the magnitude of the stress fields of CMSGP when the material length parameter is considered. It is found that the density of geometrically necessary dislocations (GND) is large around the crack tip, but it rapidly decreases away from the crack tip. On the contrary, the density of statistically stored dislocations (SSD) is not as large as geometrically necessary dislocations around the crack tip, but it decreases much slower than GND away from the crack tip. A couple effect of material work hardening and the crack tip distance is identified.
Mechanical properties of the most common European woods: a literature review
Authors: Bartolucci Beatrice , De Rosa Andrea , Bertolin Chiara , Berto Filippo , Penta Francesco , Siani Anna Maria
Published: December 2020

Wood is an orthotropic material used since ancient time. A literature research about the mechanical properties of density, fracture toughness, modulus of elasticity, and Poisson’s ratio has been done to have a broader view on the subject. The publications relating to the topic were found through the two search engines Scopus and Google Scholar that have yielded several papers, including articles and book sections. In general, there is no standardization on the method of analysis carried out on wood, underlining the great difficulty in studying this complex material. The parameter of density has a great variability and needs a deeper investigation; fracture toughness is not always available in literature, not even in the different directions of the wood sample. Interesting is the modulus of elasticity, which provides a correlation with density, especially in longitudinal section but, again, it needs to be studied in detail. The parameter of Poisson’s ratio is provided as single values in three different directions, but mainly for softwood. All the parameters require a more in-depth study for both softwood and hardwood. Furthermore, the type of analysis, whether experimental or modelling, needs to be standardized to have more comparable results.
Biochar-based cement pastes and mortars with enhanced mechanical properties
Authors: Sirico Alice , Bernardi Patrizia , Belletti Beatrice , Malcevschi Alessio , Restuccia Luciana , Ferro Giuseppe Andrea , Suarez-Riera Daniel
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, the environmental impact of cementitious material industry and more generally of building activities is matter of concern, especially in terms of their effects on climate change and consumption of natural resources. Within this context, the aim of this paper is the investigation of the role of biochar, a solid carbonaceous by-product material resulting from biomass pyrolysis/gasification of residual biomass, as a sustainable ingredient for the production of cementitious materials, combining carbon sink properties with enhanced mechanical properties. Although biochar is mainly investigated as agricultural amendment, there is also evidence that biochar may be a eco-friendly material to enhance the sustainable performance of cementitious materials. As outlined in literature, biochar can be used as filler to modify the nanogranular nature of cement matrix, or as substitute of clinker to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases related to cement production. In this work, biochar is added as micro-nano particles in different cementitious composites, i.e. cement pastes and mortars, as a function of filler or partial substitute of cement. The main mechanical properties of biochar-based materials are then investigated to determine the optimal percentage of biochar addition.
Feminist Classrooms in Practice
Authors: Mladenović Ana
Published: December 2020

Feminist pedagogy is a way of thinking about teaching and learning that guides our choice of classroom practices (Shrewsbury, 1987). As such, it is used in different ways within and across disciplines. Feminist pedagogy offers a critical perspective on gender-related issues in everyday life and in the educational process and facilitates transformative teaching and learning situations characterised by alternative conceptions of power and power relations. This paper focuses primarily on the teaching and learning process, reflecting different aspects and elements of feminist pedagogy important in the context of the educational process itself. The key question in this regard is: what makes feminist classrooms feminist? The paper starts by defining feminist pedagogy, focusing on its transformative power. It goes on to highlight the importance of integrating feminist pedagogy throughout the entire education system. Examples of feminist classrooms on different education levels are given, starting with preschool education and continuing with primary and secondary education. A few of the practices presented were acquired in the literature review, but the majority of others, especially for the primary and secondary levels, was reported in a semi-structured interview with a teacher in training. In the conclusion, the need to include feminist pedagogy in teacher training programmes is stressed.
Pandemi Covid-19: Apersepsi mahasiswa PIAUD terhadap penerapan multimedia Ezvid
Authors: Nurasma  , Anggreni Fenny
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine students' perceptions of the application of Ezvid multimedia in the PIAUD IAIN Langsa Study Program. This research was conducted due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic where lectures were conducted online in April 2020. So that lecturers need multimedia in teaching to help deliver material to students, one of which is using Ezvid Multimedia. The method in this study uses a descriptive quantitative research approach. Data collection techniques used questionnaires and percentage of data analysis. With a sample of 59 students from the PIAUD study program following the Worship Practices course. The results of this study indicate that most students agree with the implementation of e-learning multimedia based on Ezvid in the Department of Islamic Early Childhood Education, IAIN Langsa. This was evidenced by the percentage value of 61.4% obtained from the questionnaire results, then almost half of them disagree with a percentage of 27.7 %, and a small proportion strongly disagreed with the percentage of 2.9%. If it is seen from the percentage value that most of the students agree with the application of e-learning multimedia based on Ezvid in the PIAUD IAIN Langsa Study Program. So that the response of students to the application of e-learning multimedia based on Ezvid in IAIN Langsa PIAUD Study Program most of the students agree. So that Ezvid multimedia can be applied by lecturers in delivering lectures both online and offline.
PENGARUH ANIMASI BERGERAK TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS XII DI SMAN 1 LANGSA
Authors: Zahra Hanani , Mazlan Mazlan , Zaiyar M
Published: December 2020

Pemahaman konsep merupakan suatu kemampuan yang sangat penting dalam pembelajaran matematika. Dengan kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa akan mampu memanfaatkan atau mengaplikasikan apa yang telah dipahaminya serta mengungkapkannya kembali dengan makna yang sama dalam kegiatan belajar. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah animasi bergerak dengan berbantuan software Cabri 3D berpengaruh terhadap pemahaman konsep matematika siswa pada materi dimensi tiga. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMAN 1 Langsa tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa  kelas XII SMA Negeri 1 Langsa sebanyak 317 orang yang terdiri dari 10 kelas, sedangkan sampelnya adalah siswa kelas XII MIA-8 dengan jumlah siswa 32 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa thitung = 22,88 dan ttabel = 1,696 maka thitung  >  ttabel yaitu 22,88 > 1,696 sehingga diperoleh H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh animasi bergerak terhadap pemahaman konsep matematika siswa kelas XII di SMA Negeri 1 Langsa.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KEPUASAN MAHASISWA FKIP MATEMATIKA UNIVERSITAS ALMUSLIM TERHADAP PEMANFAATAN E-LEARNING DI ERA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Zuhra Fatma
Published: December 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan mengenai tingkat kepuasaan mahasiswa FKIP Matematika Universitas Almuslim terhadap pemanfaatan e-learning di era pandemi covid 19. E-learning memberikan suatu konsep pembelajaran dimana peserta didik dapat melakukan kegiatan pembelajarannya dimana saja. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif dengan melakukan survey. Populasi yng digunakan yaitu mahasiswa FKIP Universitas Almuslim sedangkan sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan sampelnya berupa mahasiswa FKIP Pendidikan Matematika yang berjumlah 26 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket dengan menggunakan skala likert. Kemudian, teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan membagikan angket secara daring kepada mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh informasi yang relevan dan valid. Adapun prosedur penelitian yang ditempuh adalah menyusun pernyataan untuk angket, melakukan validasi angket, mengumpulkan data dengan membagikan angket yang telah divalidasi secara daring kepada mahasiswa serta melakukan aanalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil data menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa FKIP Pendidikan Matematika sangat puas dengan perkuliahan e-learning hal ini dapat dilihat bahwa skor persentase yang dipeoleh untuk setiap mahasiswa berada di atas 80%. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa mahasiswa memberikan respon yang baik terhadap perkuliahan e-learning. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah di lakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa mahasiswa FKIP Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Almuslim sangat puas dengan perkuliahan e-learning.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN AMORA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA
Authors: Idris Novianti , Khaulah Siti
Published: December 2020

Rendahnya kemampuan berfikir kritis siswa salah satu permasalahan yang menuntut seorang guru untuk menciptakan dan menerapkan model pembelajaran matematika. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir kritis siswa adalah model AMORA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan berfikir kritis siswa melalui model pembelajaran AMORA pada materi Penyajian Data di kelas VII SMP N 3 Bireuen lebih baik digunakan daripada pembelajaran konvensional. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian eksperimen semu. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa VII SMP N 3 Bireuen yang terdiri dari 4 kelas. Kemudian sampel penelitian ini dipilih secara Purposive Sampling yaitu kelas VII/3 sebagai kelas eksperimen dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran AMORA dan kelas VII/4 sebagai kelas Kontrol dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional. Instrument yang digunakan adalah tes kemampuan berfikir kritis siswa yaitu tes awal (pre-test) dan test akhir (post-test) dalam bentuk uraian masing-masing 4 butir soal. Soal yang diberikan pada kedua kelas adalah sama yaitu masalah penyajian data. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji-t  pada taraf signifikan α = 0,05,  hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji t independent sample test diperoleh nilai nilai sig. (2 Tailed) yaitu 0.000. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai sig. (2 Tailed) < 0,05 atau lebih kecil pada taraf nyata 5% maka H0 ditolak. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berfikir kritis yang diajarkan dengan model AMORA lebih baik dari pada yang diajarkan dengan pembelajaran konvensional pada materi Penyajian Data di kelas VII SMPN 3 Bireuen.
KELIMPAHAN KOLONI BAKTERI Vibrio sp. BERDASARKAN LOKASI BUDIDAYA TAMBAK UDANG DI KABUPATEN PIDIE
Authors: Idami Zahratul , Nasution Rizki Amelia
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan menghitung kelimpahan koloni bakteri Vibrio sp. dari air tambak udang dengan 5 lokasi yang berbeda di Kecamatan Simpang Kabupaten Pidie, Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksploratif dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Isolasi bakteri menggunakan media selektif TCBSA. Perhitungan kelimpahan koloni Vibrio sp. menggunakan metode Total Plate Count. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan bakteri Vibrio sp. di Kecamatan Kembang Tanjong untuk kelima kategori lokasi tambak tergolong aman (104 cfu/ml) yaitu 6,2 x 102 – 2,6 x 103 cfu/ml. Berbeda halnya dengan tambak di Simpang Tiga yang masih dapat dikatakan aman hanya tambak K2T2 (2,9 x 103 cfu/ml), K4T2 (2,2 x 104 cfu/ml, K2T1; K5T; K5T2 (2,3 x 104 cfu/ml) karena kelimpahannya 8,34 x 104 cfu/ml, sedangkan bakteri Vibrio lainnya sudah bersifat patogen (105 cfu/ml). Hasil pengukuran kualitas air tambak menunjukkan rata-rata nilai salinitas 10,67-30,33 ppt, suhu 27,9-33,8 oC, pH air 7,65-8,45, DO 5,35-8,42 dan kecerahan 20-55 cm. Tidak adanya hubungan korelasi yang signifikan dari kualitas air tambak terhadap kelimpahan koloni bakteri Vibrio sp.
Nutritional Status among Filipino Elderly: Prevalence and Correlates
Authors: Navarro Gerard Cabral , Tandang Nancy Anez , Arlan Reanne Len C
Published: December 2020

Objective: The dual burden of undernutrition and overnutrition has received attention around the world, especially in the Philippines, where malnutrition is an issue that the country is continuously facing. Malnutrition have been prevalent and alarming concerns among the Filipino elderly through the years. Several studies support the claim that the prevalence of malnutrition is associated with factors, such as socioeconomic status, biochemical, clinical, dietary intake, and food security. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the nutritional status of the Filipino elderly.

Materials and Methods: The study utilized the 2013 National Nutrition Survey. Data of the 1,807 sampled Filipino elderly who had no physical defects were considered. The Rao-Scott test and a multiple correspondence analysis were conducted to assess the association of the nutritional status of the Filipino elderly with the socio-demographics, health/clinical conditions, and nutrient intake factors.

Results: Majority (54.97%) of the Filipino elderly had a normal nutritional status. However, both the prevalence of underweight and overweight are still alarming with a 20.19% and 24.83% rate, respectively. The socio-demographic characteristics found that are associated with the nutritional status of the Filipino elderly include age, sex, occupation, and education. Health conditions and behavioral risk factors such as smoking and drinking alcohol beverages were also found to have significant association with the elderly’s nutritional status. Lastly, a significant association between the nutritional status and the intake of nutrients such as iron, Vitamin A, niacin, and thiamine was observed.

Conclusion: With both underweight and overweight/obesity still rampant among the Filipino elderly, their lifestyle and food intake should be given much attention. Further studies about the nutritional status of the Filipino elderly should be conducted to have a sufficient basis on how society can help the elderly maintain and improve their nutritional conditions.
An Enormous Compensatory Hyperinflated Lung After Pneumonectomy: Pseudo-horseshoe Lung
Authors: Yazgan Cisel , Eyuboglu Damla , Sarinc Ulasli Sevinc , Koksal Deniz
Published: December 2020

Pneumonectomy causes a number of anatomical changes within the thoracic cavity to improve the diffusion capacity of the remaining lung. A 41-year-old female was admitted with the complaints of cough and purulent sputum for the last two weeks. Her past medical history revealed that she underwent left pneumonectomy for bronchiectasis at the age of 10 due to massive hemoptysis. Massive compensatory hyperinflation of the right lung, which was herniated anteriorly across the midline, and extreme mediastinal shift were observed in computed tomography which is called pseudo-horseshoe lung. Although post-pneumonectomy lung compensation can diminish by advanced age, clinicians should be aware that it can be observed in adult patients who had pneumonectomy at early ages.
Toll-Like Receptor Expression of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Treated Bone Marrow Donors
Authors: Aksu Tekin , Karakurt Neslihan , Akar İrem , Köksal Yasin , Azık Fatih M. , Özgüner Meltem , Uçkan Çetinkaya Duygu
Published: December 2020

Objective: The present study was planned to examine the expression of Toll-like receptors on human marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells as a result of in-vivo exposure to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with or without exposure of the cells to Toll-like receptors agonists.

Materials and Methods: Toll-like receptor 2, 3, and 4 expressions of mesenchymal stem cells obtained from healthy human bone marrow donors exposed to in-vivo granulocyte colony-stimulating factor were analyzed, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor untreated donors served as controls. Also, mesenchymal stem cells were stimulated in-vitro by Toll-like receptor agonists to observe the changes in the expression of the Toll-like receptors.

Results: Mesenchymal stem cells obtained from both granulocyte colony-stimulating factor exposed or unexposed donors showed a low level of Toll-like receptor 2, 4 expressions by flow cytometry, whereas Toll-like receptor 3 expression was higher. Lipopolysaccharide was used as an agonist, but no significant difference was observed in the Toll-like receptor 2, 4 expressions, both in the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor exposed and unexposed groups. Stimulation of cells with Toll-like receptor 3 ligand was associated with a statistically significant decrease in Toll-like receptor 3 expressions, which was more profound in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor unexposed cells.

Conclusion: We have shown that human bone marrow-derived culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cells express Toll-like receptor 3, whether in-vivo granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treated or untreated. Besides, the Toll-like receptor 3 agonist’s effect in lowering the expression levels was more significant in cells that were not exposed to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Additionally, detection of low expression of the pro-inflammatory Toll-like receptor 4 versus higher levels of Toll-like receptor 3 supports literature regarding the immunosuppressive characteristics of marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Modulation of the expression of the Toll-like receptor of mesenchymal stem cells with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor or agonists may have implications in allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell therapies.
Reliability of Functional Balance Tests and Their Correlation With Selected Anthropometric Parameters in Children Aged 7-10 Years
Authors:   Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Dehnavi Mahboobeh , Sadeghi Heidar ,   Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Taghva Mehdi ,   Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the reliability of functional balance tests and their correlation with selected anthropometric parameters in children aged 7-10 years. Methods: Participants were 80 students aged 7-10 (40 female and 40 male). Romberg Test and Sharpened Romberg Test were used for assessing static balance, while timed up and go test, tandem walk test, and Y-balance test were used for measuring dynamic balance. Selected anthropometric factors were body height, upper body length, lower body length, Foot length and body mass. Reliability was determined using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), and Pearson correlation was used for examining the relationship between balance tests and selected anthropometric parameters at a significance level of P≥0.05. Results: Static balance tests were not reliable, but dynamic tests were reliable. No significant correlation was found between anthropometric parameters and static and dynamic tests (P>0.05); except between lower body length and Y-balance test (r=0.53, P=0.01). Conclusion: It seems that at the age of 7-10 years, static balance tests are affected because the sensory systems related to balance are developing. Therefore, static balance tests, which require weighting of each of these systems with eyes closed and open, are not good criteria for examining the balance of this age group. Hence, it is better to use dynamic balance tests, especially the Y-balance test.
The Change of Western Cognition of “the Belt and Road” and China's Guiding Strategy
Authors: Li Jiangyue
Published: December 2020

"The Belt and Road" is a national top-level cooperation initiative proposed by China with the goal of establishing "a community with a shared future for mankind" and transcending geopolitics and ideology to achieve win-win results. Around "the Belt and Road", the West has formed positive cognition such as "Chinese Opportunity", "Channel to Realize Ideal Goals", "Oriental Leading Model", and "Global Sample". However, due to the limitations of "stereotypes" and "zero-sum thinking", some people in the West still have misunderstandings about "the Belt and Road Initiative". To guide them out of cognitive misunderstandings and reduce the cognitive differences between China and the West, we can start from cognitive theory, analyze cognitive performance and its causes, and adopt corresponding strategies and methods.
Afganistan Tasavvuf Edebiyatında İkinci Mevlânâ Kabul Edilen Haydarî Vucûdî’nin Şahsiyeti, Edebi Kişiliği ve Şiirleri
Authors: KAŞ Ayşe , AZİMİ Enayatullah
Published: December 2020

Bu makalede Afganistan’da tasavvuf edebiyatına yeni bir soluk getirmiş ve Mevlânâ’yı Sânî” (İkinci Mevlânâ) olarak tanınmış olan Haydarî Vucûdî’nin şahsiyeti, edebî kimliği ve şiirleri hakkındaki bilgilere yer verilecektir.

Makalemize konu olan Haydarî Vucûdî, sosyal hayatı, sanatsal düşüncesi, şiirsel formları, edebî eserleri ve etkisi ile varlığını ortaya koymuş bir şahsiyettir. Şair, ülkesinde sosyal yaşamda, sanatsal icatlarının gerçekliği, önemi ve değeri ile edebiyat ve irfan alanına nüfuz etmiş biri olarak bilinmektedir. Afganistan halkının Mevlânâ Şinas (Mevlânâ Uzmanı) olarak ta vasıflandırdığı bu irfan şairinin yakın tarihte vefat etmiş olması araştırmamızın gerekliliğine işaret etmektedir.

Haydarî Vucûdî, Afganistan’da edebiyattan tasavvufa, tasavvuftan siyasete birçok çevrenin fikirlerine ve sanatına itibar ettiği ve sohbetlerinin ve eserlerinin bu kesimlerde tesirli olduğu bir ilim erbabıdır. Haydarî, kendi manevî hallerini gizleyerek, Mevlânâ Celâleddin’in şiirlerini öğrencilerine yıllar yılı okumuş ve irfan edebiyatını sûfî öğütlerle öğretmeye gayret etmiştir. Tıpkı Mevlânâ gibi hâmûş olmayı (sükûneti), uzleti daha küçük yaşta keşfeden şairin, insana matuf dünyasında rıza ve aşk can bahşeden iki kaynak olmuştur.
Arşiv Kayıtlarına Göre Arnavutluk’ta Bir Dinî Kurum: Arnavutluk İslam Toplumu Başkanlığı
Authors: ÇAKIRTAŞ Mehmet
Published: December 2020

Bu makalede, Arnavutluk Devlet Arşivinde Arnavutluk Müslümanlarının resmi temsilcisi olarak kabul edilen İslam Toplumu Başkanlığı’nın (KMSH) kurumsal hizmetleri arşiv belgelerinden hareketle ele alınmıştır. Osmanlı’dan bağımsızlığını aldıktan sonraki süreçten başlamak üzere Arnavutluk’ta din ve dini faaliyetlerin yasaklandığı 1967 yılına kadar geçen dönemi kapsamaktadır.

Dili Arnavutça olan Arşivde kayıtlı evraktan, kayıtların daha çok dini faaliyetlerin daha serbest olduğu ilk yıllarda yoğunlaştığını görmekteyiz. Arşive giren evrak sayısı son yıllara doğru giderek azalmış birçok hizmet alanı ile ilgili neredeyse yok denecek seviyeye gelmiştir.

Arşivdeki kayıtlı evrakın çoğunu, teşkilatlanma ve personel işleri ve Başkanlığın sahip olduğu gayrimenkulleri oluşturmuştur. Söz konusu mülkün idaresi, değerlendirilmesi, tamir ve tadilat işleri Başkanlığın meşgul olduğu önemli işleri olarak görülüyor. Başta din görevlileri olmak üzere personelin atanması, maaşların ödenmesi ve personelle ilgili diğer konularda çok sayıda evrak kaydedilmiştir.

Arşiv kayıtlarından idari ve mali konuların Başkanlığın önemli hizmet alanlarından olduğu anlaşılıyor. Yine arşiv belgelerinden dini hizmetlerin Başkanlığın varlık sebebi olarak karşımıza çıkan en önemli hizmeti olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Dini hizmetlerden sonra gelmek üzere; eğitim ve kültür hizmetleri, teftiş ve hukuki hizmetler Başkanlığın diğer önemli hizmetleri olarak sayılabilir.

Arşiv belgelerinden, Başkanlığın kendi sorumluluk alanı dışında, sosyal sorumluluk bağlamında çeşitli hizmetlerde de bulunduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Söz konusu evraktan, Başkanlığın rejim ve iktidardaki hükümetlerle ilişkileri ile Arnavutluk’ta var olan diğer dini gruplar ve dış dünya ile ilişkilerinin varlığını ve mahiyetini de öğrenme imkânı buluyoruz
Din Felsefesinden Dinler Tarihi’ne Dinin Batılı İnşasının Eleştirisi
Authors: AY Rahim
Published: December 2020

Din felsefesi ile Dinler Tarihi “din” üzerine felsefi ve tarihsel bir takım incelemeleri ve soruşturmaları içerir. Ancak incelemelerine ve soruşturmalarına konu edindikleri “din” kavramının mahiyetine yönelik derin bir sessizlik ve belirsizlik göze çarpar. Bu disiplinlerde “din” denilince bilimsel bir nesne mi, olgusal bir gerçeklik mi, yoksa ideolojik bir inşa mı kastedildiği belli değildir. Din felsefesi disiplininde din üzerine felsefi soruşturmalar yapılırken Hristiyan teolojisinin genel ve özel sorunları mı tartışılır, yoksa her dinin özel sorunlarından yola çıkılarak felsefi bir soruşturma mı yapılır? Dinler tarihi dinin tarihsel görünümleri ve dönüşümleri mi tasvir eder, ya da dinler tarihi Batılı metafizik önyargıların bilimsel bir forma bürünmüş hali midir? Bu makalede Batı’da din felsefesinden dinler tarihi disiplinine seyreden din üzerine yapılmış çalışmaların bazı örtük varsayımları ve problemleri hakkında bir soruşturma yapılacaktır. Makalenin temel iddiası genel olarak Batı’da ortaya çıkan din bilimlerinin özel olarak ise din felsefesi ile dinler tarihi disiplininde kullanılan “din” kavramının Batı merkezci bir gramer tarafından inşa edildiği ve Hristiyan kültürün söz dağarcığı ile şekillendiğidir. “Din” üzerine bu örtük varsayımlar ve arkaplan ile yüzleşilmediği veya hesaplaşılmadığı takdirde hem akademik olarak hem de entelektüel olarak anlamlı bir mesafe alınamayacaktır. Makalede jeneolojik yöntemle dinin Batılı inşasının yarattığı sorunlar dile getirilecektir. Bu sayede dinler arasındaki belirgin farklılıkların bastırılmasının önüne geçilebilecek ve belli bir kültürde kurgulanmış bir dinin diğer dinlere ontolojik ve epistemolojik şiddet uygulanmasının önüne geçilmiş olacaktır.
El El liderazgo ético del docente universitario en la formación del ethos del futuro profesional en el contexto de la sociedad del Siglo XXI
Authors: Castillo Gutiérrez Antonelly , Pastrán Calles Felix , Mendoza Mejia Jorge
Published: December 2020

La investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el liderazgo ético del docente universitario como eje fundamental en la formación del ethos del futuro profesional de la docencia en el contexto de la sociedad venezolana del siglo XXI, apoyando en su concepción y en el liderazgo ético del docente universitario en dicha estructuración. En lo metodológico, está enmarcada en una investigación documental, apoyada en un estudio teórico-reflexivo y analítico. Entre los resultados, destaca el hecho de que en las instituciones universitarias prevalece aún la formación de individuos competentes con una visión individualista, por lo que es necesario fomentar el desarrollo del ethos profesional basado en la justicia social, lo que permitirá una orientación formativa holística.
PENERAPAN GCG PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Mu’arrif Zul Ihsan
Published: December 2020

This study aims to see how far the application of GCG in Islamic banking in Indonesia. Because the Sharia Bank is a bank whose application of activities is different from conventional banks. Where one of the differences is the existence of a Sharia Supervisory Board that ensures the activities of banks based on sharia. Then a study of Islamic banks was conducted during 2014 until 2018. The method used was ANOVA and Panel Data Regression. The research results show that in the average test it was found that the application of GCG to Islamic banks was 'good', not yet able to reach the 'very good' level. In the panel test a number of points were found. First in general testing, the Board of Commissioners and Directors significantly influence GCG, while the Sharia Supervisory Board does not show significant results. In testing the fixed effect it was found that the Board of Directors and the Board of Commissioners were not significant indicating that both the Board of Directors and the Board of Commissioners had similarities in their various decisions. While the Sharia Supervisory Board showed significant results which meant that DPS had differences in their decisions. In the results of the time analysis it was found that the implementation of the GCG function did not change from time to time. It was found that the influence of individual banks was significant, while the influence of individual years was not significant.
PEMBAGIAN HARTA BERSAMA DALAM PERKAWINAN MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 1974 DAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Winarno Winarno
Published: December 2020

Marriage is one of the religious commands that must be done by people who already have the physical and mental abilities to carry it out. In the law state of Indonesia, marriages are regulated by the state regarding the terms and conditions for someone who is going to get married, and both rules are directed at men and women. These rules are contained in Law Number 1 of 1974 and Islamic Law. Therefore, if the marriage does not meet the terms and conditions set, the marriage cannot be carried out.

Since marriage is a union between a man and a woman, there will be cooperation, both cooperation in fostering households to achieve harmony and in finding property for survival. Each property obtained by a married couple will become a common property even though in terms of quantity, the one earned by each husband and wife can be different, even the one who earns money is only one of them. However, the marriage between the two makes the property belong together. Although in terms of civil and Islamic law, there are no strict rules regarding shared assets, but because the assets are obtained after marriage, they become shared property. Therefore, if a divorce in the future occurs or one dies, the assets must be divided in half. The rules for the distribution of shared assets do not actually violate the general provisions contained in either positive law or Islamic law.
Lolita fashion, new media, and cultural hegemony in contemporary Japan
Authors: Shuai Ziwei
Published: December 2020

This article seeks to present Lolita fashion, which emerged in Japan during the 1980s, as a case study in performed, postmodern identities that are negotiated through consumerism. Opening with a broad stroke introduction to Lolita fashion, with regard to its principal characteristics and its cultural origins, the article attempts to examine the Lolita phenomenon using a variety of theoretical tools and approaches. Firstly, the article considers Lolita fashion in the light of Antonio Gramsci's notion of cultural hegemony. I assert that Lolita fashion might usefully be read as a place of rupture or resistance against the orthodox hegemony of Japan's historically collectivist culture, one that provides its users with an alternate set of social values, particularly when it comes to traditional notions of femininity. Next, I lean, particularly, on Stuart Hall's ideas about modernity, and consider the question of agency, with regard to Lolita fashion, and attempt to locate the impetus for it, not in multinational fashion houses, but the participants of Lolita subculture themselves. In a third section, I go on to problematise that agency, drawing on John Storey's cultural theory work. While it is a commonplace to attribute the rise of a totalising, contemporary mass culture to the digital revolution, Storey locates a potential for new meanings to be generated, not so much within the act of buying - for that is largely determined by the market - but in what he calls the 'production in use' of those goods. The fashion adage, 'It's not what you wear, but how you wear it' seems to ring particularly true in Lolita fashion, and I explore that idea further with an in-depth, textual analysis of a select image. I conclude by considering Lolita fashion's exportation, out of Japan and into a globalised marketplace, and the signification thereof.
Assessment of Environmental Noise in Cities: A Theoretical Approach
Authors: GONZÁLEZ GÓMEZ Daniel Isaí , DE HARO MOTA Rebeca , MARCELEÑO FLORES Susana
Published: December 2020

Environmental noise is a major problem with increasing presence in cities; its effects are not only assimilated into the environment, but also impact on human health. Noise sources are part of the city's daily life and it has not yet been given due attention, although prolonged exposure causes often irreversible physiological and psychosomatic damage.

This paper presents a theoretical approach from several authors that expose the different tools that can be used the measurement and evaluation of environmental noise. These authors, to explain the causes and effect of environmental noise in cities consider various variables such as: sound pressure levels, weather conditions and urban structure.
The Concept of Law and Justice
Authors: QABRATI Ilir
Published: December 2020

From the views and changes that have followed the dynamism of our society, undoubtedly, law and justice have played a crucial role as a very abstract term that has been consumed almost from the first beginnings of human society to our modern days. Beyond the events and circumstances that societies in the past have had and organized by defining and choosing the way of life, and often times the right has been personalized by a certain group of people, or by a military division that has given rights and has created justice, in certain interests and for personal and charismatic purposes it has been denied a certain part of society, and has often been deformed in scandalous ways by reflecting, on the fact that the giver of this right has often been pointed out to be the man, but this convulsion in no case has lasted long, and often this theory has remained unrealized, reflecting that right is something natural and that the individual gains at the moment of birth and enjoys it to death, this divergence and complexity of the way of perceiving the law has often resulted in wars and the acquisition of this vital right. 
Through this paper we will draw philosophical and legal paradigms, analyzing from a retrospective way of the application of law and the applicability of justice, as an important mechanism of regulation of social relations. 
Law and justice have a common path of development, one by regulating the way of life of the people, that is, by issuing norms and the other by giving justice to the relative complexity and cohesion of interpersonal relations.
Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Rights - Comparative Aspects between Republic of North Macedonia and Republic of Kosovo
Authors: SELMANI Arta , ELEZI Julinda
Published: December 2020

Developments in science and technology have, among other things, challenged the family. Human values, which change in step with this technological progress, have faced many legal, moral and ethical dilemmas which await answers from the science on bioethics. We are in such a situation when we discuss about many advances in contemporary and national family law, including new forms of family reproduction that differ from a natural process of child conceiving. The authors in this paper bring comparative aspects of biomedical and family legislation of the Republic of North Macedonia and Republic of Kosovo. Among other things, they emphasize that given the traditional and biological model of the family in our society, new reproductive forms are a very reserved topic in the family and biomedical field, but it awakens a curiosity of discussions on ethics, philosophy and legal regulation of reproduction of human beings in both countries. The numerous stereotypes that prevail in the society of both countries regarding the application of artificial reproduction technology methods are contrary to many legal and medical justifications for couples who do not have the opportunity to become parents  in a biological (natural) way.

Therefore, the purpose of the authors is to provide accurate and grounded information through this text about the legal framework and medical options available to all persons who wish to exercise their reproductive right to establish a family.
COMPANY SIZE, SALES GROWTH AND LEVERAGE AGAINST TAX AVOIDANCE IN PROPERTY AND REAL ESTATE COMPANIES ON THE INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE FOR THE PERIOD OF 2012-2018
Authors: Ilmiyono Agung Fajar , Agustina Rima Auliyamartha
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe difference in tax interests between companies and the government encourages companies to regulate the amount of tax burden to be paid, a strategy that is usually used by companies, namely tax avoidance, besides that the tax ratio in Indonesia has decreased from 2012-2017. This phenomenon shows that tax avoidance is still being carried out. This research aims to examine the effect of company size, sales growth, and leverage on tax avoidance in property and real estate companies listed on the IDX in the period 2012-2018. Twenty-one samples were tested with classical assumption test, using multiple regression analysis techniques. The results show that partially company size has an effect on tax avoidance, sales growth has no effect on tax avoidance and leverage has an effect on tax avoidance. Simultaneously, company size, sales growth and leverage have an effect on tax avoidance.Keywords: Leverage, Sales Growth, Tax Avoidance and Company Size
ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE COMPANY'S ACCOUNTING CONSERVATISM
Authors: Rossa Putri Wulan Wahyuni , Tartilla Nilda , Pamungkas M. Nofal
Published: December 2020

Accounting conservatism is a precautionary principle in financial reporting. In this principle, it slows down the recognition of revenue and accelerates the recognition of costs so as to result in lower profits and assets, as well as high costs and debt. This study aims to determine the factors that affect accounting conservatism in the Property Real Estate and Buliding Construction sector manufacturing companies listed on the IDX.The data source used in this research is secondary data. Data is sourced from audited annual reports obtained from the IDX official website, namely www.idx.co.id. The population of this research is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, with research samples in the Property Real Estate and Buliding Construction sector in the 2013-2017 period. The samples were determined using purposive sampling method. The method of analysis used in this research is multiple regression with the SPSS version 25 program and hypothesis testing is done using multiple linear regression method.The results of this study indicate that leverage has no effect on accounting conservatism with a significance value of 0.554. Financial distress has no effect on accounting conservatism with a value of 0.852. Meanwhile, capital intensity has an effect on accounting conservatism with a significance value of 0.000. As well as Leverage, Financial Distress, and Capital Intensity simultaneously affect accounting conservatism.