bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of R&D capitalization on revenue-expense matching: Focusing on the bio-pharmaceutical industries in South Korea
Authors: Choi Dongjoon , Yoon Inkyung , Lee Hansol
Published: February 2025

The study aims to investigate the effect of research and development (R&D) capitalization on revenue-expense matching in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, with particular attention to the moderating role of corporate governance and the influence of regulatory intervention. While capitalizing R&D expenditures enhances the relevance of financial information and positively impacts firm value, it also increases the risk of earnings management, potentially disrupting revenue-expense matching. Using a fixed-effects regression model, this study analyzes 1,350 firm-year observations from Korean listed firms in the bio-pharmaceutical sector from 2012 to 2022. The sample includes firms with financial statements, auditor data, and detailed disclosures on R&D expenditures, encompassing capitalized R&D costs, R&D expenses recognized in income statements, and those classified as manufacturing costs. The results indicate that R&D capitalization generally weakens revenue-expense matching in these industries. However, the adverse effects are mitigated by the effective implementation of corporate governance mechanisms. Additionally, the Financial Supervisory Service’s thematic supervision of R&D accounting practices has significantly improved revenue-expense matching. Prior to the supervision period (2012–2017), firms exhibited significant discretionary capitalization practices, undermining revenue-expense matching. Following the supervision (2018–2022), improved adherence to accounting standards has enhanced matching quality, underscoring the regulatory intervention’s effectiveness. These findings contribute to the literature by demonstrating that while discretionary R&D capitalization can impair revenue-expense alignment, strong corporate governance and adherence to accounting standards can offset these negative effects. The study provides valuable implications for future research and industry practices, particularly in navigating the trade-offs associated with R&D capitalization.
AcknowledgmentThis study was supported by Chungnam National University.
Effectiveness of the “Cooking Simulator VR” Virtual Reality Application Presented with Video Modeling Teaching Method in Teaching Food Preparation Skills to Individual with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Mutlu Ufuk , Bağlama Başak , Nuri Cahit
Published: February 2025

Introduction: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the “Cooking Simulator VR” virtual reality application, presented through video modeling teaching methods, in teaching food preparation skills to individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The research was carried out in a special education school.
Method: In the study, one of the single-subject research models, multiple probes across behaviors with probe trial design was used. The independent variable of the study is the “Cooking Simulator VR” virtual reality application presented through the video modeling teaching method. The dependent variables of the study include food preparation skills which are egg boiling, breakfast plate preparation and hamburger making. Three types of data were collected in the study: effectiveness, reliability and social validity. Two types of reliability data were gathered: procedural reliability and interobserver reliability. For the analysis of effectiveness data, the percentage of correct responses demonstrated by the student was calculated using the formula “Number of Correct Responses / Total Response Opportunities x 100.” Social validity data were analyzed through descriptive analysis.
Findings: As a result of the study, the individual with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) was able to independently perform the skills of boiling eggs, preparing a breakfast plate and making a hamburger using the “Cooking Simulator VR” virtual reality application presented through the video modeling teaching method. It was observed that these skills were retained after acquisition and generalized to real-life settings. An analysis of social validity findings revealed that teachers generally held positive opinions regarding the effectiveness of the “Cooking Simulator VR” virtual reality application, presented via the video modeling teaching method, in teaching food preparation skills to individuals with ASD.
Discussion: In recent years, technological advancements have made virtual reality devices more advanced and accessible. Adjustments can be made in special education schools or institutions to incorporate the use of the “Cooking Simulator VR” virtual reality application, presented through the video modeling teaching method, for teaching food preparation skills to individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Future research could focus on developing and utilizing equipment and applications in virtual environments that provide physical sensations similar to those in real environments, thereby facilitating the transition to the generalization phase.
Discharge performance of side gates with different shapes
Authors: Kartal Veysi , Emiroglu M. Emin , Yuksel M. Fatih
Published: February 2025

Flow measurement and water level control in open channels are vital to water management. Lateral intake structures are commonly used for different purposes in civil and environmental engineering applications. Flow characteristics of rectangular, triangular, and semi-circular shapes were experimentally investigated using 357 runs under subcritical flow conditions. Correlation analysis was conducted to determine the effect of various parameters on the discharge coefficient. Upstream Froude number (F1), the ratio of the gate opening to the upstream flow depth, and the gate length to flow depth ratio are influential for all side gates. However, the ratio of the gate opening to the gate length is also influential for triangular side gates. Discharge coefficient of the semi-circular side gate is relatively higher than that of the other tested gates within the range of 0.05<F1<0.40; the discharge coefficient of the triangular side gate is relatively higher than that of the other shaped gates for 0.40<F1<0.98 and the efficiency of the triangular side gate decreases more than that of the other gates as the downstream Froude number value increases. A reliable equation for side gates was developed. Good agreements were obtained between the proposed equations and the experimental data.
Proposta de uma ontologia para o gerenciamento de objetos de aprendizagem
Authors:   , Silva Maria das Graças Pereira da
Published: February 2025

Os objetos de aprendizagem estão cada vez mais presentes no contexto educacional.
Quando bem utilizados podem ser grandes aliados do processo educativo. É necessário,
para isso, que o professor tenha clareza dos objetivos que deseja alcançar e, em seguida,
pesquise, selecione e defina boas estratégias de utilização dos objetos de aprendizagem
em suas aulas, de forma a atender aos seus objetivos educacionais. Para favorecer a
reutilização, os objetos de aprendizagem devem estar disponíveis em um formato que
seja entendido por máquinas. Para facilitar a busca, uso e reuso, modelos semânticos,
como as ontologias, podem ser utilizadas. Ontologias visam desenvolver um conjunto
de regras que possibilitam a inferência de forma que a máquina possa, através do acesso
a essas regras, abstrair um significado semântico das informações disponibilizadas.
Dessa forma, o presente trabalho apresenta uma ontologia para o gerenciamento de
objetos de aprendizagem, baseado em objetivos educacionais, de acordo com o domínio
cognitivo da Taxonomia de Bloom. O procedimento metodológico adotado para
construir a ontologia foi executado em quatro etapas: estudo detalhado do processo de
desenvolvimento de ontologias, funcionamento do editor de ontologias, além do estudo
das ferramentas pedagógicas Mapa de Conteúdos e Mapa de Dependências e dos
objetivos educacionais da Taxonomia de Bloom; elaboração do documento de
especificação de requisitos da ontologia e questões de competência; definição das
classes e sua hierarquia, propriedades e instâncias e; a validação da ontologia. A
implementação da ontologia foi feita no editor Protégé com a utilização da linguagem
OWL. A validação foi realizada de forma teórica por utilizar cenários hipotéticos de
uma disciplina. Diante dos resultados apresentados: automatizar o processo de
inferência de conhecimento; determinar o objetivo educacional de um estudante,
conteúdo e dos objetos de aprendizagem; trabalhar os conteúdos de forma hierárquica,
e; indicar os objetos de aprendizagem para atingir determinado objetivo educacional,
considera-se que a utilização de ontologias, oferece um potencial a ser explorado para a
melhoria do processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
Estudios estratégicos en Colombia
Authors: Acevedo-Navas Christian
Published: February 2025

Los Estudios Estratégicos han evolucionado desde los clásicos que abordaron la estrategia en su sentido más puro, hasta los contemporáneos que buscan comprender las dinámicas de estrategia, seguridad y defensa actuales. Este trabajo busca comenzar a rastrear y comprender la evolución de los Estudios Estratégicos en Colombia, sus principales temáticas y su relación con la realidad estratégica nacional. Se desarrolló una metodología de enfoque cualitativo y se seleccionó una muestra de 12.765 artículos publicados en 52 revistas científicas nacionales de ciencias sociales. Los hallazgos muestran que las revistas de ciencia política son las más profusas en Estudios Estratégicos; las revistas editadas por instituciones de origen militar muestran la mayor proporción de artículos de Estudios Estratégicos; y los temas de conflicto armado, paz y posconflicto, ocupan más de una tercera parte de las publicaciones, en coherencia con la realidad estratégica nacional.
A Review on the Evaluation of Speech Acceptability in Individuals with Hearing Impairment
Authors: Park Kyeong Ae , Seol Hye Yoon
Published: February 2025

Speech acceptability is an indicator that shows the degree to which a listener feels natural after listening to the speaker. When it comes to individuals with hearing impairment, speech acceptability is an important factor for aural rehabilitation as it is related to their social adaptation. Speech acceptability evaluates the naturalness of speech, so it may not necessarily align with the accuracy of articulation or the level of speech intelligibility. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate speech acceptability along with speech comprehension during aural rehabilitation process. However, most aural rehabilitation sessions primarily focus on segmental aspects and currently, there is no consensus on a definition or evaluation method for speech acceptability. The purpose of this study is to discuss the importance of speech acceptability, which is still rarely included in the speech evaluation process for those with hearing impairment.
The Evolution of Male Voice Acoustics: A Lifespan Perspective
Authors: Suprent Ambethkar , Samayan Kala , Mani Abhirami
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The acoustic parameters of voice, including fundamental frequency (F0), Jitter, Shimmer (dB), and noise-to-harmonic ratio (NHR), exhibit significant changes across the male lifespan. These variations are influenced by anatomical, physiological, and neuromuscular changes in the vocal folds and laryngeal structures. Understanding these changes is essential for developing age-specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in voice science. This study aims to develop the acoustic voice parameters in males from the age 6 to 70 years. Methods: A total of 270 healthy male participants were included in this study, with 30 individuals in each of the nine age groups. The vowel /a/ was used as the stimulus for vocal recording. The Computerized Speech Lab (CSL 4500B; PENTAX, Montvale, NJ, USA) software module Multi-dimensional voice profile was utilized to analyze the vocal responses. Results: The results revealed significant differences in all the vocal parameters across the age groups. These differences reflect the age-related changes in the acoustic characteristics of the male voice. the statistical significance of differences was present in the following vocal parameters F0, Jitter, Shimmer (dB), and NHR across different age groups of male participants. The p-value of 0.00 (p < 0.05) for all the parameters indicates that the differences between the age groups are statistically significant.Conclusion: The review highlights the dynamic nature of male vocal acoustics across the lifespan. These findings underscore the importance of age-specific norms for acoustic parameters to improve the accuracy of voice assessments and interventions.
A Review on Metal Additive Manufacturing - Types, Applications and Future Trends
Authors: Zafar Muhammad Qasim , Sajjad Ramisha , Anwar Muhammad Tuoqeer , Mustafa Muhammad Salman , Husnain Naveed , Aqeel Anas Bin , Khan Muhammad Bilal
Published: February 2025

Metal Additive Manufacturing (MAM) process has been established as an industrial process for customized and intricate metallic components. It is one of the growing technologies proving its potential in numerous fields by introducing the latest processing methods. The significant growth in this technology is partially fueled by its ability to manufacture parts that could be performance-beneficial and commercially utilizable in various industries. The adaptability of metal AM processes has prompted innovation across various industries with applications spanning defense, aerospace, medical, dental, automotive, and oil & gas sectors. Each industry benefits from the unique abilities of metal AM; for instance, material efficiency, design flexibility, lead time reduction, and the creation of lightweight and complex structures that were unachievable through traditional methods can now be achieved. Therefore, this review article analyzes metal AM, describing its types, technological challenges, environmental & business considerations, energy consumption, applications, and future trends. Initially, the article introduces primary categories of metal AM, elaborating their mechanism and working principles, later, it focuses on the industrial contributions of metal AM, technological challenges, and business considerations. The outlook of this technology highlights emerging materials and technologies, such as the inclusion of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) to predict defects, optimize process parameters, and enhance the quality of products. Furthermore, advanced materials like high entropy alloys (HEAs) are being discussed to broaden the functionality of AM parts. Metal AM is playing a critical role in shaping the future of manufacturing by offering customization, efficiency, and sustainability in the industries. The article aims to provide a general understanding of metal AM while highlighting key technological advancements and future research directions to expand its applications in various sectors further.
Assessing feasibility of an online caregiver intervention to improve respite: the Time for Living and Caring (TLC) Study (Preprint)
Authors: Thompson Amber D , Terrill Alexandra L. , Caserta Michael , Wong Bob , Iacob Eli , Sparks Catharine , Stark Louisa , Utz Rebecca L.
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Interventions that are self-administered and delivered online are increasingly being seen as a flexible way to support family caregivers. Respite, defined as a planned break or time away from caregiving, is among the most needed and requested forms of caregiver support; yet, few caregiver interventions address caregivers’ use of respite.

OBJECTIVE

We describe the methodology and data used to assess the feasibility, usability, and acceptability of the Time for Living and Caring (TLC) intervention; a technology delivered intervention (app) for dementia caregivers to improve respite time use.

METHODS

This study’s evaluation effort is theoretically guided by a multidimensional definition of feasibility and employs a mixed-methods approach for feasibility analysis. Stakeholder feedback collected via focus groups during the intervention development (n=15), self-reported surveys from participants enrolled in the pilot trial of the intervention (n=163), surveys of a nationwide sample of respite providers (n=57), and end-user statistics, captured passively by Google Analytics from those using the app, were used in the analysis of the TLC intervention feasibility.

RESULTS

Data and metrics, overall, show high rates of feasibility for the TLC online intervention. Favorable ratings of intervention features ranged from 83-99%, which, when combined with open-ended recommendations for improvements, indicate a high degree of usability. Acceptability was measured through appraisal of the intervention experience (85% positive), potential future use (78%), willingness to recommend (91%), and perceived benefit (> 80%).

CONCLUSIONS

Taken together, these data suggest that TLC is a promising intervention that could be implemented as an on-demand resource for respite-using caregivers irrespective of where they are located or when they choose to access it. Additionally, this paper provides a blueprint for systematically evaluating multiple dimensions of feasibility, using various forms of mixed-methods data collected during intervention development and pilot-testing of an intervention, which should help streamline the eventual implementation of effective interventions in real-world settings.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03689179
AI-Powered Non-Contact Fall Detection System Using 4D Imaging Radar for Elderly Safety (Preprint)
Authors: Ahn Sejong , Choi Museong , Kim Jinseok , Chung Seogtaek
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

The aging population is increasing due to declining birth rates and advancements in medical technology, leading to a rise in single-person elderly households. While factors such as spousal loss, children's independence, and the pursuit of autonomy enable independent living, they also raise concerns about vulnerability during emergencies. Additionally, health issues such as reduced muscle strength, impaired balance, weakened vision, and arthritis significantly increase the risk of falls, which can result in severe injuries, decreased mobility, and mental health challenges. Consequently, fall prevention and management have become essential for maintaining and improving the quality of life in the elderly. The growing demand for technological solutions to enhance elderly safety has driven research into smart healthcare services that provide real-time monitoring and immediate fall response.

OBJECTIVE

A non-contact fall detection system, which integrates 4D imaging radar sensors with artificial intelligence (AI) technology, is proposed to monitor fall accidents among the elderly. Existing wearable devices may cause discomfort during use, and camera-based systems raise privacy concerns. The solution developed in this study addresses these issues by adopting 4D radar sensors.

METHODS

The radar sensors generate Point Cloud data to enable the system to analyze the positions and postures of the body. Using a CNN model, these postures are classified into standing, sitting, and lying, while criteria based on changes in the speed and position distinguish between falls and slow-lying movements. The Point Cloud data were normalized and organized using zero padding and k-means clustering to enhance the learning efficiency.

RESULTS

The proposed model achieved 98.66% accuracy in posture classification and 95% in fall detection. The monitoring system provides real-time visual representations through a web-based dashboard and Unity-based 3D avatars, along with immediate alerts in case of a fall.

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of real-time fall detection technology and highlights the need for further research on multi-sensor integration and application in various indoor environments.
Efficient Hamiltonian encoding algorithms for extracting quantum control mechanism as interfering pathway amplitudes in the Dyson series
Authors: Abrams Erez , Kasprzak Michael , Bhole Gaurav , Ho Tak-San , Rabitz Herschel
Published: February 2025

Hamiltonian encoding is a methodology for revealing the mechanism behind the dynamics governing controlled quantum systems. In this paper, following Mitra and Rabitz \cite{abhra_1}, we define mechanism via pathways of eigenstates that describe the evolution of the system, where each pathway is associated with a complex-valued amplitude corresponding to a term in the Dyson series. The evolution of the system is determined by the constructive and destructive interference of these pathway amplitudes. Pathways with similar attributes can be grouped together into pathway classes. The amplitudes of pathway classes are computed by modulating the Hamiltonian matrix elements and decoding the subsequent evolution of the system rather than by direct computation of the individual terms in the Dyson series. The original implementation of Hamiltonian encoding was computationally intensive and became prohibitively expensive in large quantum systems. This paper presents two new encoding algorithms that calculate the amplitudes of pathway classes by using techniques from graph theory and algebraic topology to exploit patterns in the set of allowed transitions, greatly reducing the number of matrix elements that need to be modulated. These new algorithms provide an exponential decrease in both computation time and memory utilization with respect to the Hilbert space dimension of the system. To demonstrate the use of these techniques, they are applied to two illustrative state-to-state transition problems.
Quantum complexity phase transitions in monitored random circuits
Authors: Suzuki Ryotaro , Haferkamp Jonas , Eisert Jens , Faist Philippe
Published: February 2025

Recently, the dynamics of quantum systems that involve both unitary evolution and quantum measurements have attracted attention due to the exotic phenomenon of measurement-induced phase transitions. The latter refers to a sudden change in a property of a state of n qubits, such as its entanglement entropy, depending on the rate at which individual qubits are measured. At the same time, quantum complexity emerged as a key quantity for the identification of complex behaviour in quantum many-body dynamics. In this work, we investigate the dynamics of the quantum state complexity in monitored random circuits, where n qubits evolve according to a random unitary circuit and are individually measured with a fixed probability at each time step. We find that the evolution of the exact quantum state complexity undergoes a phase transition when changing the measurement rate. Below a critical measurement rate, the complexity grows at least linearly in time until saturating to a value eΩ(n). Above, the complexity does not exceed poly⁡(n). In our proof, we make use of percolation theory to find paths along which an exponentially long quantum computation can be run below the critical rate, and to identify events where the state complexity is reset to zero above the critical rate. We lower bound the exact state complexity in the former regime using recently developed techniques from algebraic geometry. Our results combine quantum complexity growth, phase transitions, and computation with measurements to help understand the behavior of monitored random circuits and to make progress towards determining the computational power of measurements in many-body systems.
Towards Usury-Free Finance in Land Pawning: Evaluating Carter and Angkat-Bloe Contracts
Authors: Siregar Ahmad Sholihin , Ainiah Ainiah , Daud Zakiul Fuady Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Pawn transactions fall under tabarru' contracts, which prohibit the accrual of profit, as such gains are categorized as usury and are forbidden in Islam. In situations where pawn contracts are prevalent, Islam offers alternatives to avoid usury. In the Kuta Makmur community of Aceh, the carter and angkat-bloe contracts are seen as viable alternatives to land pawn contracts. This study aims to analyze the carter and angkat-bloe contracts among the community and analyze their permissibility from an Islamic economic perspective. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing observation and interviews for data collection. The findings reveal that the carter contract is analogous to lease agreements and, therefore, is permissible as an alternative to avoid usury. However, the angkat-bloe contract shares similarities with the bai' al-wafa' contract, the legality of which remains debated among Islamic jurists (Fukaha). The permissibility of the angkat-bloe contract depends on its substance and the intention behind its execution. This study suggests that the carter contract could be legitimized by the National Sharia Council as a solution for individuals facing economic challenges, while the angkat- bloe contract requires further scrutiny based on the intentions and substance of its practice.========================================================================================================ABSTRAK - Menuju Keuangan Bebas Riba dalam Gadai Tanah: Evaluasi Akad ‘Carter’ dan ‘Angkat-Bloe’. Gadai merupakan bagian dari akad tabarru’ yang tidak memperbolehkan pengambilan keuntungan, karena manfaat tersebut masuk dalam kategori riba yang diharamkan dalam Islam. Di sisi lain, Islam memberikan solusi alternatif untuk menghindari riba dalam akad gadai, seperti praktik akad ‘carter’ dan ‘angkat-bloe’ dalam masyarakat Kuta Makmur, Aceh, yang disinyalir sebagai alternatif untuk menghindari riba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis praktik ‘carter’ dan ‘angkat-bloe’ dalam komunitas tersebut serta menganalisisnya dari perspektif ekonomi syariah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akad ‘carter’ memiliki kemiripan dengan akad sewa-menyewa dari segi substansinya, sehingga akad ‘carter’ dibolehkan dan bisa menjadi alternatif untuk menghindari riba. Sementara akad ‘angkat-bloe’ mempunyai kemiripan dengan akad bai’ al-wafa’ yang hukumnya masih diperdebatkan Fukaha. Berdasarkan argumen Fukaha, kajian ini menyimpulkan kebolehan akad bai’ al-wafa’ serta akad angkat jual yang mirip dengannya sangat tergantung pada subtansi dan niat dalam pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini mengusulkan agar akad ‘carter’ dapat dilegalkan oleh Dewan Syariah Nasional sebagai solusi bagi masyarakat yang mengalami kesulitan ekonomi, sedangkan akad ‘angkat-bloe’ memerlukan kajian lebih lanjut terkait niat dan substansinya.
The Nonlinear Impact of Inflation on Zakat Collection in Indonesia
Authors: Kafabih An'im
Published: February 2025

Many studies show that zakat collection in Indonesia falls short of its potential. One major factor is the systemic risk faced by muzakki, the zakat payers, due to economic conditions. Given the government's monetary objectives to address systemic risk, such as the unemployment level, these policies theoretically influence zakat collection. This paper examines the impact of inflation and the real exchange rate, as monetary objectives, on zakat collection in Indonesia. Analyzing 45 monthly time series observations with the ARDL bound test, the findings reveal that inflation has a nonlinear effect, boosting zakat collection when the CPI exceeds 105.5. Further, policies increasing the real exchange rate positively affect zakat collection. Additionally, zakat collection during Ied al-Fitr is approximately 1,764% higher compared to other months. The study establishes clear links between monetary policy objectives and zakat collection efficiency, suggesting that monetary policy tools can be leveraged to optimize zakat collection in Indonesia. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers in harmonizing monetary and zakat collection strategies.========================================================================================================ABSTRAK - Dampak Nonlinier Inflasi pada Pengumpulan Zakat di Indonesia. Sejumlah penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengumpulan zakat di Indonesia belum sebanding dengan potensinya. Salah satu faktor utamanya adalah risiko sistemik yang dihadapi oleh muzakki, akibat kondisi ekonomi. Sementara itu, pemerintah membuat sejumlah kebijakan moneter untuk menghindari terjadinya risiko tersebut, yang secara teoritis dapat mempengaruhi pengumpulan zakat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak kebijakan moneter, terutama dalam aspek inflasi dan nilai tukar riil, terhadap pengumpulan zakat di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menganalisis 45 observasi data time series bulanan menggunakan ARDL bound test. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inflasi memiliki efek nonlinier, di mana peningkatan inflasi meningkatkan pengumpulan zakat ketika tingkat CPI melebihi 105,5. Selanjutnya, kebijakan moneter yang bertujuan meningkatkan nilai tukar riil berdampak positif pada pengumpulan zakat. Selain itu, pengumpulan zakat ketika hari raya Idul Fitri 1,764% lebih tinggi dibandingkan bulan-bulan lainnya. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara kebijakan moneter dengan efisiensi pengumpulan zakat, yang mengindikasikan bahwa instrumen kebijakan moneter dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengoptimalkan pengumpulan zakat di Indonesia. Temuan ini memberikan masukan yang penting bagi pembuat kebijakan dalam menyelaraskan strategi moneter dengan pengumpulan zakat.
Professionssociologi: Nyere tilgange og diskussioner
Authors: Leth Meilvang Marie , Blok Anders
Published: February 2025

Hos de klassiske europæiske sociologer som Max Weber og Emile Durkheim spillede professionerne en stor rolle som vigtige sociale og politiske organisationer; og i den amerikanske sociologi har særligt Chicago-skolen teoretiseret og analyseret professionerne på original vis. Gennem tiden har flere forskellige, konkurrerende perspektiver på professioner gjort sig gældende, fra det funktionalistiske til det neo-weberianske. I nutidens sociologi spiller professioner en rolle i forskellige forskningsfelter, som kun delvist rummes i professionssociologien snævert set. Noget af litteraturen på dette område trækker på de klassiske sociologiske diskussioner fra Weber og Durkheim, mens andre bygger videre på traditioner fra fx organisations- og managementstudier.I denne oversigtsartikel gennemgår vi en række centrale, nyere tilgange og udviklinger i sociologien om professioner, herunder professioners rolle i management- og organisationsstudier, transnationaliseringen af professioner og studier af velfærdsprofessionelle, særligt i en dansk kontekst. Vi viser, hvordan de nyere diskussioner dels giver anledning til vigtige studier af professioner og professionelle som centrale aktører i en række generelle samfundsudviklinger, og dels at danske studier og forskningsmiljøer, på forskellig vis og fra forskellige afsæt, bidrager aktivt til dette. Vores forhåbning er, at dette kan inspirere til øget opmærksomhed og fremtidig anvendelse af professionssociologiske perspektiver i dansk sociologi.
Comparative evaluation of soft spring wheat breeding lines of competitive variety testing in the Far Eastern Agricultural Research Institute
Authors:   Far Eastern Agricultural Research Institute, Zenkina Kristina V. , Aseeva Tatiana A. ,   Far Eastern Agricultural Research Institute
Published: February 2025

The studies were carried out in 2019–2021 on the basis of the Far Eastern Agricultural
Research Institute (Khabarovskiy Krai). The object of research was 27 varieties and
breeding lines of soft spring wheat in competitive variety testing. Meteorological conditions differed
greatly by the years of research: 2019 and 2020 were characterized by low temperatures
of the surface air layer and strong waterlogging during the growing season, 2021 – by heat and
drought in the second half of summer. As a result of the research, soft spring wheat varieties
and soft spring wheat breeding lines of competitive variety testing by grain yield were selected: Dalira, Priamurskaya, Zaryanka, 65/2-11, 26/2-14, 29/8-06, 58/2-05, 14/2 -00, 60/2-09, 21/1-01,
118/1-99, 11/7-14, 48/2-14, 43/3-14, 22/2-16, 19/1-14, 47/1-17. The samples of soft spring wheat,
significantly exceeding the standard Khabarovchanka variety by the main economically valuable
traits of productivity were noted: by the plant height – Dalira, 11/5-14; by the ear length – Dalira,
Zaryanka, 94/3-09; by the grain number per ear – Zaryanka, 118/1-99; by the grain weight per
ear – 29/6-06, 118/1-99, 55/5-09, 11/7-14, 43/3-14, 47/1-17, 65/1-17; by the lodging resistance –
Anfeya, Dalira, 42/1-14, 29/8-06, 118/1-99, 11/7-14, 48/2-14, 43/3-14, 19/1-14 , 47/1-17, 65/1-17.
According to the most important parameters of grain quality, promising genotypes of spring wheat
were identified by the weight of 1 000 grains: Anfeya, Priamurskaya, 65/2-11, 42/1-14, 29/8-06,
58/2-05, 60/2-09, 21/1-01, 118/1-99, 55/5-09, 94/3-09, 11/5-14, 11/7-14, 43/3-14, 19/1-14, 11/ 5-16,
47/1-17, 65/1-17; by the grain protein content: Anfeya, 42/1-14; by the grain lysine content: Dalira,
60/2-09, 21/1-01, 118/1-99.
Judicial mediation and the governance of administrative contract disputes: The legal possibilities under Jordanian and UAE legislation
Authors: Al Dalaien Ahmad A. , Aladaseen Mohammed A.
Published: February 2025

The increasing complexity of administrative contract disputes necessitates alternative resolution methods. This study examines the potential for judicial mediation under Jordanian and UAE legislation, highlighting legislative gaps and drawing comparisons with other systems. Utilizing a black letter and comparative methodology, this study identifies the absence of explicit legal provisions for judicial mediation in administrative contexts and analyzes potential pathways for integration. The findings reveal that mediation, although not explicitly addressed, can align with public order principles to facilitate dispute resolution without undermining administrative legality. Embracing judicial mediation can enhance procedural efficiency and investor confidence, and contribute to a more effective governance framework. This analysis aligns with previous findings on alternative dispute resolution in administrative law (Hama, 2019; Pappas, 2023). The study concludes with recommendations for legislative reforms to embed mediation as a viable option for administrative contract disputes.
On a problem of Mező and its generalizations to three classes of rational zeta series
Authors: Adegoke Kunle , Frontczak Robert , Goy∗ Taras
Published: February 2025

We evaluate in closed form three special classes of alternating zeta series
with one and two additional parameters. Two classes are expressed as linear
combinations of polylogarithms while for the third class we prove an
expression involving the incomplete gamma function and the exponential
integral. We also present some related series that can be deduced from the
main results as well as some series with Fibonacci and Lucas numbers as
coefficients.
Factors Associated with Premenstrual Syndrome among Female Students in Medical Colleges of Mosul University
Authors: Mazin Abdulrahman , Attia Younes , Abd Ahmed Atheer , Fathi Karam Yaseen
Published: February 2025

Premenstrual syndrome is a prevalent health issue, especially among female medical school students, affecting their academic and professional performance. The study aimed to assess the extent of PMS experienced by female medical school students and identify factors that can be associated with the severity of PMS symptoms. A descriptive, cross-sectional design utilizing a quantitative approach was adopted from October 8th, 2022, to March 30th, 2023. Simple random sampling was used to select a sample of 185 students from Mosul University Medical Colleges, with 51 students from the Nursing College, 44 from the Medicine College, 47 from the Pharmacy College, and 43 from the Dentistry College. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and Premenstrual Syndrome Scale. The sample consisted of female students whose mean age was 22.6 ± 4 years and whose body mass index was 22.8 ± 4.4. Of the total sample, 97 participants (52.4%) reported not participating in physical activity. Furthermore, 79 students (42.7%) exhibited moderate symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), while 27.6% reported severe symptoms of PMS, assessed using the premenstrual scale. In conclusion, the study found a significant statistical difference between cycle duration, duration of menses, regularity of period, amount of bleeding, duration of premenstrual symptoms, and familial history of PMS concerning the severity of PMS symptoms; further studies could explore the potential role of dietary and lifestyle modifications in the management of PMS symptoms and develop effective interventions to address its impact on female students.
О замене дисперсионного анализа методом анализа углов наклона градиента аппроксимирующей функции.
Authors: Милехин Сергей
Published: February 2025

Статья посвящена тому как из разрозненных экспериментальных точек многофакторного эксперимента получить информацию о степени влияния факторов и их взаимодействий на исследуемую функцию на основе анализа углов наклона градиента интерполирующей функции.

Степень влияния факторов и их взаимодействий на функцию связывается с углами наклона градиента к осям факторов и плоскостям, определяемым взаимодействиями факторов.
Производится ранжирование факторов и их взаимодействий по степени значимости.
Задачу ранжирования факторов по значимости в статистике отчасти решает дисперсионный анализ, предлагается полное решение этой задачи при меньшем количестве информации.
Предлагаемый метод делает возможным новый подход к планированию эксперимента, основанную на разделении факторного пространства на кластеры по степени влияния факторов на функцию.
Метод пригоден для извлечения экспертной информации из анализа экспериментальных данных.
The global prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Issac Alwin , Halemani Kurvatteppa , Shetty Asha , Thimmappa Latha , Vijay VR , Koni Kiranmayi , Mishra Prabhaker , Kapoor Vishwas
Published: February 2025

Objectives: The objective of this review was to analyze quantitative data on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to increase the accuracy of estimates of the prevalence of ASD.Methods: This review, which was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, included studies conducted from January 2008 to June 2024 on children aged 3 to 18 years that used standardized measurement tools and reported cut-off scores for ASD. The prevalence of ASD was the primary outcome analyzed in this review. The PubMed, Clinical Key, Scopus, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases were reviewed for relevant studies. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO and followed the Cochrane collaboration guidelines.Results: A total of 66 studies reported on the prevalence of ASD, screening 21,313,061 children worldwide. Among these, 25 studies were conducted in Europe, 22 in Asia, and 13 in America. Additionally, 3 studies each were reported from Africa and Australia. According to a meta-analysis, 0.77% of children globally are diagnosed with ASD, with boys comprising 1.14% of this group. Notably, Australia showed the highest prevalence rate, with an effect size of 2.18, highlighting it as a critical area for public health focus.Conclusion: ASD represents a significant global health burden. Early detection, increased awareness among parents, and prompt intervention are crucial for mitigating developmental problems in children later in life. It is essential for health policymakers to acknowledge the prevalence and growing trends of ASD in order to implement effective interventions.
Nationwide analysis of methicillin-resistant staphylococci in cats and dogs: resistance patterns and geographic distribution
Authors: Sobkowich Kurtis E. , Hui Angela Y. , Poljak Zvonimir , Szlosek Donald , Plum Andy , Weese J. Scott
Published: February 2025

Objective

This study aims to quantify the frequency and resistance patterns of 3 methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS), Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP), and Staphylococcus schleiferi (MRSS), in companion animals, using historical culture and susceptibility data from a national diagnostic laboratory.

Methods

Samples from cats and dogs across the US, between 2019 and 2022, were analyzed. Methicillin-resistant isolates identified according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute VET01S (5th ed) were included. Data included location, patient species, sampling site, year, and susceptibility results for various panels of antimicrobials.

Results

There were 110,423 MRSP, 5,618 MRSA, and 20,934 MRSS isolates identified. Methicillin-resistant S pseudintermedius was predominantly found in dogs (96.2%), with skin and soft tissue being the most common sites. Methicillin-resistant S aureus and MRSS were also primarily isolated from dogs, with significant yearly, regional, and species-specific differences in antimicrobial susceptibility observed. This study highlights high resistance levels in MRSP isolates, while MRSA and MRSS showed relatively higher susceptibility to several antimicrobials.

Conclusions

This study provides insight into the distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns of MRSA, MRSP, and MRSS in companion animals in the US. Resistance rates for enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and chloramphenicol may be higher than reported in this analysis due to recent changes in MIC breakpoints in the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute VET01S (7th ed). The findings underscore significant geographical and temporal variations in resistance, emphasizing the need for tailored antimicrobial stewardship programs.

Clinical Relevance

The prevalence of MRS in companion animals poses treatment challenges and potential zoonotic risks. This study provides nationwide insight that was not previously available.
Clinical-Epidemiological Profile of Patients With Spins Injury: Review of the Literature
Authors: Pereira Bárbara Lislla de Araújo , Paumgartten Henryque Vasconcelos Von , Silva Guilherme Aresi da , Sardelich Leonardo Freire , Mendonça Nathalia suelle dos Reis , Lesqueves Júnior Lenilson Mendes , Doreto Munique Xavier , Silva Wagner Santos , Anjos Júlia Mota Loureiro dos , Morais Bianka Estrela de Sá , Santos Gebes Vanderlei Parente , Souza Vitoria Oliveira
Published: February 2025

Objective: The objective of the study is to analyze the panorama of TRM care, highlighting the challenges faced by health professionals in Primary Care and proposing guidelines for better care and social reintegration of patients.
 
Method: The methodology used was an integrative literature review, consulting databases such as PubMed, SciELO and Lilacs, focusing on publications from 2016 to 2024 that address TRM diagnosis and management methods. The inclusion criteria ensured the selection of detailed studies, while the exclusion criteria eliminated articles with redundant or superficial data.
 
Results and Discussion: The results show that rapid diagnosis and early intervention are essential to reduce complications. Interventions, such as immediate immobilization and the use of imaging tests, increase the chances of recovery. However, gaps persist, mainly in relation to professional training and the availability of resources in primary services. The discussion reinforces the importance of multidisciplinary and continuous assistance, promoting a more effective reintegration and quality of life for patients.
 
Conclusion: It is concluded that the implementation of public policies and the continuous training of professionals are fundamental to improving care for these patients.
Development of The Digital Game "Bora Catá" to Support Awareness of Selective Waste Collection
Authors: Souza Caio Guilherme Chaves Jannuzzi de , Sirqueira Tássio Ferenzini Martins , Araújo Marco Antonio Pereira , Carvalho Carlos Vitor de Alencar
Published: February 2025

Objective: The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate the digital game "BORA CATÁ" as a tool to promote awareness about selective waste collection and its impact on sustainable practices.
 
Theoretical Framework: The study draws on concepts from environmental education, serious games, and the role of technology in behavior change. It aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), focusing on education and environmental responsibility.
 
Method: The research employed a design and development methodology for the creation of the game using the Unity platform. The study included iterative testing phases with feedback collection from users to refine gameplay and educational content. Participants’ perceptions were gathered through surveys to evaluate engagement, usability, and learning outcomes.
 
Results and Discussion: Initial feedback highlighted the game's potential to engage users and improve their understanding of proper waste management. Players reported increased awareness of environmental impacts and expressed a preference for learning through interactive and enjoyable methods. The study also identified areas for improvement, including interface accessibility and age-appropriate adjustments.
 
Research Implications: This research contributes to the field by demonstrating how persuasive games can bridge entertainment and education to foster behavioral change. The findings support the integration of digital tools into environmental education strategies.
 
Originality/Value: This study innovates by addressing waste collection awareness through an interactive digital platform, emphasizing the potential of serious games to influence sustainable practices and support global environmental goals.
Maturity Assessment in Industry 4.0: Impacts on Real-Time Inventory Management in An Electronics Company in the Manaus Industrial Hub
Authors: Lopes Vinícius de Lima , Nunes Fabrício Rodrigues , Pimentel John Dalton Costa , Meireles Franciane Souza , Santiago Sandro Breval
Published: February 2025

Objective: To evaluate the maturity of real-time inventory management in a company within the Manaus Industrial Hub, analyzing the impacts of Industry 4.0 on the supply chain segment through the PIMM 4.0 model.
 
Theoretical Framework: Industry 4.0 integrates technologies such as IoT, Big Data, and cyber-physical systems that promote automation and efficiency. In the context of the Manaus Industrial Hub, tax incentives have stimulated technological development, but challenges such as workforce training remain.
 
Method: A case study utilized the PIMM 4.0 model to collect data and apply multiple linear regression via Excel, verifying statistical assumptions. The Forward method identified key variables in inventory monitoring.
 
Results and Discussion: The implementation of Industry 4.0 showed a positive impact on real-time inventory, while preparation was less significant. Although the model explains only 10% of the variability, the relevance of the technologies is evident, highlighting gaps in organizational maturity.
 
Research Implications: The results underscore the importance of digital transformation strategies aligned with Industry 4.0 to optimize inventories, providing practical insights for industrial managers.
 
Originality/Value: This study offers a specific analysis of the Manaus Industrial Hub, highlighting the use of the PIMM 4.0 model and the contributions of Industry 4.0 to efficient inventory management in a highly competitive environment.
Mythos «Auschwitzkeule» - Martin Walser und die langen Schatten der Vergangenheit
Authors: Fues Wolfram Malte
Published: February 2025

Martin Walsers «Pauskirche-Rede» sowie sein Roman Tod eines Kritikers geraten immer wieder neu unter den Verdacht des Antisemitismus. Wolfram Malte Fues unterzieht beide Texte einer genauen philologischen Analyse und arbeitet die Rezeption auf, die zu dem obigen Verdacht geführt hat. Im Resultat wird deutlich, worum es beiden Texten eigentlich geht. Zugleich wird die Frage der «Erinnerungskultur» neu aufgerollt, und die Stimme eines in Auschwitz Ermordeten kommt diesbezüglich zu Gehör.