bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRAKTIK GHARAR DALAM TRANSAKSI EKONOMI ISLAM: TELAAH TERHADAP KAIDAH FIQHIYAH
Authors: Nurinayah Nurinayah
Published: July 2023

One of the legal maxim states that a transaction can be damaged if there are many things that the consequences cannot be known (gharar) before the transaction occurs and it is not damaged if it is small. The author in this case aims to examine the criteria for a transaction that is considered damaged, as well as an explanation of the types of gharar that are prohibited and permissible based on the description given by this legal maxim. The method used in this article is library research with descriptive analysis. The result is that the permissibility of gharar is when the gharar is assessed a little. As for how to find out the size of the amount of gharar that has occurred is which has become a common practice where if in a transaction there is a bit of gharar that has been accepted as part of market tradition, then it is considered normal by people and no party feels disadvantaged.

Abstrak

Salah satu kaidah fiqhiyah menyatakan bahwa suatu transaksi bisa rusak bila banyak terdapat hal yang tidak dapat diketahui akibatnya sebelum transaksi terjadi dan tidak rusak bila sedikit. Penulis dalam hal ini bertujuan untuk meneliti kriteria akad yang dianggap rusak, sekaligus penjelasan jenis gharar yang dilarang dan dibolehkan berdasarkan gambaran yang diberikan oleh kaidah tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini yaitu library research dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasilnya, bahwa kebolehan gharar adalah bilamana gharar itu dinilai sedikit. Adapun cara mengetahui ukuran sedikit dari gharar yang terjadi yaitu gharar yang telah menjadi kebiasaan umum yang mana jika dalam sebuah transaksi terdapat sedikit gharar yang sudah diterima sebagai bagian dari tradisi pasar, lantas dianggap biasa oleh orang-orang dan tidak ada pihak yang merasa dirugikan.
Resistance to Antibiotics by Enteric Bacteria Associated with the Swine Industry: in silico Exploration of the Distribution of Resistance Genes
Authors: Miranda-Valdés Javier Rubén , Pedraza-Pérez Yagul , García-Díaz Lidia Esmeralda , Carreño-López Ricardo , Fuentes-Ramírez Luis Ernesto , Rocha-Gracia Rosa del Carmen , Cuautle-García Lucero Montserrat , Marín-Cevada Vianey
Published: July 2023

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are a significant contributor to the global antibiotic resistance crisis, which is predicted to kill more people than cancer by 2050. Livestock production is a contributing factor as it has been one of the fastest-growing industries in the previous century but has the most harmful effects on the environment and human health. The pig is the most widely raised and consumed food-producing animal globally, with an upward trend. The derived residues and the meat products constitute an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) that can be transmitted to humans through consumption, direct contact, the environment, or poor handling, leading to relevant zoonotic diseases, especially enteric ones. It is essential to know the diversity, abundance, and distribution of ARGs to have better control and monitoring of their dispersion. In the present study, the ARGs and Mobile Genetic Elements (MGEs) of five enteric and pathogenic species commonly present in the microbiota of both pigs and humans were examined by bioinformatic analysis. This analysis showed that 157 ARGs were distributed across 1869 genomes of five bacterial species, ranked from highest to lowest diversity of ARGs: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Salmonella enterica, and Enterococcus faecalis. This study contributes to better management of antibiotics, which directly impact the health of both humans and animals.
Balance nutrition and vaccination as efforts to prevent COVID-19 in the community: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Syadza Sausan , Husnah Husnah , Hajar Sitti , Nauval Iflan , Atmaja RM Agung Pranata
Published: July 2023

The increasing cases of COVID-19 are worrying because of its rapid spread and fatality. Efforts are needed to prevent the spread of COVID-19, such as increasing immunity of the body by enforcing vaccination programs, fulfilling balanced nutritional intake, and increasing knowledge about balanced nutrition for the community. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from August 5 to 10, 2021. A cluster sampling technique was used to recruit respondents and 106 respondents were obtained. Perceptions of balanced nutrition and vaccination were assessed by a self-composed questionnaire while nutritional intake was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The results of the study showed that 89 respondents (84%) had a good perception of balanced nutrition and  55 respondents (51.9%) had a good perception of vaccinations. Seventy-nine respondents (74.5%) had a good eating habits while 61 respondents (57.5%) had received vaccination. Most participants (84%)  chose family/friends as sources of information about nutrition while (94.3%) chose mass media as an important sources of information on vaccination.
Microbial assessment of indoor air of the applied microbiology laboratory, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Authors: AS Ezemba , CM Nwabisi , IO Udemezue , CC Ezemba , OJ Osuala
Published: July 2023

Air is made up of enormous number of microorganisms mainly fungi and bacteria spores. Their estimation is important as an indication of cleanliness of any particular environment. The present study was carried out to assess microorganisms in indoor air of the Applied Microbiology laboratory of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Prepared plates of Sabouraud Dextrose agar (SDA), Nutrient agar (NA), and Blood agar were exposed for ten minutes for culturing of microorganisms. The NA and Blood agar plates were incubated at 37oC for 24h while the SDA plate was incubated at room temperature for 48h. A total of ten (10) microorganisms were isolated from the samples. These include six (6) bacteria and four (fungal) species. The bacterial isolates include; Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus sp., and Proteus sp. The fungal isolates include Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., and Rhizopus sp. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus sp. with 25% and 35% occurrence. Proteus sp., Streptococcus sp., E. coli, and P. aeruginosa had 20%, 10%, 5%, and 5% percentage occurrences respectively. Aspergillus and Penicillium sp. were the most frequently isolated fungal isolates with 40% and 30% occurrence respectively. Fusarium sp. and Rhizopus sp. both had 20% and 10% occurrence respectively. With this result, attention must be given to control those environmental factors which favor the growth and multiplication of microbes in the indoor air of the laboratory and air sterilization should be carried out to safeguard the health of users and workers.
3D molecular structure analysis of NS2B/NS3 proteases derived from dengue virus and Zika virus
Authors: Parikesit Arli Aditya , Bernard Stefanus
Published: July 2023

Both dengue and Zika viruses have infected millions of people worldwide, urging the development of efficacious drugs and vaccines to fight the infection. Unfortunately, current research is yet to elucidate the structural proteomics comparison of the NS2B/NS3 from both viruses. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to comparatively study the structural proteins between dengue and Zika viruses by leveraging standard homology modelling tools. Our data provide 3D molecular structure overviews of NS2B/NS3 derived from the foregoing viruses. Sequence alignment indicated that the viruses share a 56% similarity rate of protein structures. However, in terms of function, both have NS2B that is pivotal for the activation of NS3 proteases.
A case of extensive verrucosis in 45-year-old women and CD4 lymphopenia treated with electrodessication using general anesthesia and isoprinosine
Authors: Lestari Wahyu , Lestari Sri
Published: July 2023

The human papilloma virus (HPV) is a viral infection that has a broad variety of clinical manifestation. The clinical manifestation really depends on the type of HPV virus and the immunity status of the host, particularly the cell-mediated immunity. Extensive verrucosis is one of the significant clinical manifestation of a disseminated HPV infection that is related with a severe immunodeficiency status. Electrodessication or laser surgery is a method of treatment that could directly destroy the lesion in one time. We described a case of a 45 years-old woman with extensive verrucosis. The patient complained multiple warts lesion on the hands, face, neck, lower arms and lower extremities since eight years ago. Physical examination revealed on the dorsum and palmar hands, both of finger nails (I, II, III, and IV), face (forehead and cheeks), anterior of neck, lower arms and 2/3 distal of lower extremities part anterior, there were single and groups of flesh coloured papules and flesh coloured plaques, skin colour papules with flat topped, greyish papules and greyish plaques with verrucous surfaces and brownish crusts. The CD4 count of the patient was 91 cells/µL. Skin biopsy and histopathology examinations showed hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis, and acanthosis with vacuole cell (koilocytes). The patient was treated with electrodessication using general anaesthesia and isoprinosine 3x500 mg. The result after two weeks post-treatment showed that there were no new lesions appeared on post electro surgery site. This case highlights the importance of the treatment for the success of extensive verrucosis with CD4 lymphopenia.
A study of wound healing process in post total laryngectomy patients: Serial case reports
Authors: Wardianti Srifia , Zulkarnain Iskandar , Kurnia Benny , Setiani Lily , Fadhlia Fadhlia , Safarianti Safarianti
Published: July 2023

Laryngeal carcinoma is a malignancy on larynx that may occur in glottic, supraglottic and subglottic. Larynx plays role in coordination of upper aerodigestive tract such as breathing, verbal and swallowing. This reported as the third most common malignancy in the ENT-HN department. Total laryngectomy is a procedure that performed on T3 and T4 lesions. The most common complication is prolonged of the wound healing process. The process is very complex  consist of four overlapping phases that involve multifactorial divided into local and systemic factors. Local factors include oxygenation and infection, while systemic factors are age, gender, psychological stress, nutrition, chronic disease and immunocompromise conditions. In this case, seven patients underwent total laryngectomy and contributing factors of wound healing process were observed in each patient until 14th postoperative day. Some of important factors might contributed to the wound healing process in some patients such as psychological stress, nutrition and chronic disease such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
SARS-CoV-2 infection and male fertility problems
Authors: Bani Ika Inda , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Gholib Gholib , Syahrizal Dedy , Husna Fauzul , Yulia Winda , Azhari Mulkan
Published: July 2023

In 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has killed more than 6.6 millions of people around the world as of end of 2022. The long-term impact of COVID-19 is persisted, including its impact on male reproduction. SARS-CoV-2 enters into host cells using the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) receptors. Both of these receptors are expressed more in men, and therefore men are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 potentially cause infertility by damaging testicular tissues and interfering with the process of spermatogenesis. A decrease in serum levels of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) as well as a decrease in sperm quality in men with COVID-19 compared to healthy men of the same age has been reported in several studies. Utilizing existing research data, this study aims to explore in detail of how SARS-CoV-2 tends to affect male fertility.
Lumbar metastases in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patient with uncomplete chemoradiation
Authors: Mulya Andil , Setiani Lily
Published: July 2023

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a tumor arising from the epithelial cells that cover the surface and line the nasopharynx. In Indonesia, NPC is the 4th most prevalent. Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma stage IVB as distant metastasis. The therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is Chemoradiotherapy. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is either an established treatment modality or actively being investigated. Chemoradiotherapy have demonstrated decreased incidence of distant metastases compared with radiation only, however only if its treatment done completely. Here we present a rare case of unfinished chemoradiotherapy that caused metastases nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient. A 41-years-old consulted to ENT-HN department with main complaints of progressive cancer pain for 3 month and got worse in past 1 month. Patient also complaints for the pain at the waist, chest and headache currently. However, there was formal history of nasopharyngeal carcinoma for this patient since 2019 that had been treated with 3 cycles of chemotherapy and 26 cycles of radiotherapy. The patient was diagnosed with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma post chemotherapy and radiotherapy with metastatic process. Unfortunately, the treatment underwent was not complete. A nasopharyngeal biopsy was performed and the histopathology result revealed a non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma nasopharynx. Lumbar CT-scan showed distant metastatic to lumbar vertebrae I-V. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) represents a rare disease that showed as carcinoma that appears in the nasopharynx. The unfinished treatment of NPC leads to recurrent NPC and metastatic process to lumbar vertebrae I-V. Nevertheless, 20% of patients are radioresistant and experience a recurrence, which in most cases manifests with distant metastases.
The effect of counseling on parent’s knowledge and attitudes towards stunting in toddlers: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Putri Cut Ridzky Amelia , Husnah Husnah , Sovira Nora , Marisa Marisa , Herdata Heru Noviat
Published: July 2023

Stunting is a condition where toddlers are too short for their age. One of the preventions is by giving health education about stunting to the parents. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of counselling on parents' knowledge and attitudes towards stunting at Lhoknga Health Center, Aceh Besar. The study was conducted from November 7 to 23, 2022. This type of study was quasi-experimental with a one-group pre-test-post-test pre-experimental design. The participants were parents who were the main caregivers of toddlers in Lhoknga Health Center area, Aceh Besar. A total of 105 respondents were recruited for this study. In regards to knowledge about stunting, pre-counseling test showed that most respondents (71.5%) had sufficient knowledge while post-test showed that all respondents (100%) had good knowledge. Meanwhile, 92.4% respondents had good attitude towards stunting prior to the counseling, and increased to 100% after the education session. The Wilcoxon test showed an increased in the average knowledge score, from 12.83 during pre-test to 18.67 on post-test. An increased in the average attitude score was also found, from 72.05 to 92.77. Statistical analysis showed that there was an effect of counseling on increasing parents’ knowledge (p0.001) and attitudes (p0.001) towards stunting. It can be concluded that counseling can increase parent's knowledge and attitudes towards stunting.
Kategorisasi Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas Empat Sekolah Dasar di SD se-Gugus II Kapanewon Playen, Gunung Kidul
Authors: Rahmawati Heni , Pujiastuti Pratiwi , Cahyaningtyas Andarini Permata
Published: July 2023

Berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang dibutuhkan untuk menghadapi tantangan abad 21. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas empat sekolah dasar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif.  Sampel penelitian sebanyak 61 siswa berasal dari SD se-gugus II Kapanewon Playen Kabupaten Gunungkidul , Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.  Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan tes dengan indikator menginterpretasi, menganalisis, dan mengevaluasi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif yang mencakup ketiga indikator dengan kategori kategori sangat baik, baik, cukup, kurang, dan sangat kurang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata skor berpikir kritis siswa berada pada kategori cukup.  Lebih jauh, pada indikator menginterpretasi didominasi kategori cukup, pada indikator menganalisis didominasi kategori baik, dan  pada indikator mengevaluasi didominasi kategori cukup.  Dengan demikian,  kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar tersebut berada pada kategori cukup.  Namun demikian, terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pada pada masing-masing indikator.
Efektivitas Asesmen Autentik dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Puteri Anggiet Noviana , Yoenanto Nono Hery , Nawangsari Nur Ainy Fardana
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis asesmen pembelajaran bermakna dan efektif yang diterapkan di kelas. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan Narrative Literature Review dimana peneliti mengkaji 9 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria yang ditetapkan oleh peneliti. Artikel diambil dari beberapa database dengan kriteria yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan berlangsung dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun  terakhir, dilakukan pada jenjang SD-SMA sederajat dan mengkaji asesmen pembelajaran bermakna yang meliputi asesmen alternatif maupun asesmen otentik. Hasil penelitian ini adalah asesmen pembelajaran  bermakna harus  dilakukan secara autentik yakni peserta didik mampu mendemonstrasikan apa yang ia pahami atas pembelajaran yang dilakukan sesuai dengan konteks kehidupannya dan akan efektif apabila lebih bersifat formatif yang memberikan berbagai informasi dalam bentuk umpan balik secara berkelanjutan bagi guru maupun peserta didik untuk saling merefleksikan guna mencapai tujuan pembelajaran yang diharapkan. Kesimpulannya adalah asesmen pembelajaran bermakna dan efektif berupa asesmen autentik yang dilakukan secara formatif mempunyai banyak manfaat bagi guru maupun peserta didik. Namun, terdapat beberapa tantangan yang perlu untuk diantisipasi oleh para guru agar proses penerapan di kelas bisa berjalan dengan optimal.
Literas Baca Siswa Indonesia Menurut Jenis Kelamin, Growth Mindset, dan Jenjang Pendidikan: Survei PISA
Authors: Sari Dyah Ayu Kartika , Setiawan Ezra Putranda
Published: July 2023

Membaca merupakan salah satu kemampuan esensial dan dipelajari dalam pendidikan formal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperdalam hasil tes Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018 pada siswa di Indonesia, khususnya terkait aspek kognitif literasi baca yang terdiri dari kemampuan menemukan informasi dalam bacaan, kemampuan memahami bacaan, serta kemampuan melakukan evaluasi dan refleksi atas bacaan. Terdapat tiga prediktor yang digunakan, yakni jenjang pendidikan siswa, jenis kelamin siswa, serta growth mindset. Subjek penelitian kuantitatif ini adalah 12.098 siswa Indonesia yang menjadi peserta tes dan survei PISA 2018. Diperoleh informasi bahwa terjadi interaksi yang kuat antara jenis kelamin dan growth mindset serta antara jenjang pendidikan dan jenis kelamin terhadap literasi baca siswa. Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa siswa laki-laki pada jenjang yang lebih tinggi dengan growth mindset memiliki literasi baca yang lebih baik. Oleh karena itu, upaya intervensi untuk meningkatkan literasi baca pada siswa perlu mempertimbangkan peningkatan growth mindset sebagai pengganti fixed mindset.
Estimación del balance hídrico y gestión usando modelos de simulación: caso cuenca del río Cabe
Authors:   Departamento de Ingeniería Agroforestal, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, España, Rangel-Parra Raymundo , Neira Xan ,   Departamento de Ingeniería Agroforestal, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, España, Dafonte Jorge ,   Departamento de Ingeniería Agroforestal, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, España
Published: July 2023

Actualmente se cuenta con métodos y modelos matemáticos para el cálculo y la simulación del ciclo hidrológico, que es una etapa fundamentalpara la correcta contabilización de los recursos hídricos en una cuenca. El objetivo de este trabajo es el de realizar un nuevo ensamble de modelosde simulación hidrológica y de gestión de recursos hídricos, así comoevaluar su desempeño contrastando los resultados con los datos oficialesreportados en el actual Plan Hidrológico para la subcuenca del río Cabe,en Galicia, España. Los resultados de las simulaciones hidrológicasobtenidos se compararon con dos estudios similares en la región paraverificar su validez. Finalmente, en la etapa de simulaciones de la gestiónde recursos hídricos se encontró que los resultados de este estudiopresentan una mayor aproximación a los datos observados en comparación con los resultados reportados en el Plan Hidrológico vigente. Por lo tanto, se considera que el ensamble de métodos y modelospropuestos en este trabajo es una contribución para obtener resultadosde calidad que ayuden a mejorar las situaciones de la gestión actual de recursos en la región del río Cabe, así como para hacer frente a los impactos del cambio climático en los recursos hídricos
Impacto del cambio de cobertura y uso de suelo y cambio climático en la respuesta hidrológica de la cuenca de la presa El Rejón mediante el uso de inteligencia artificial
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México, Simental-Nájera Jassef Gerardo , Arreguín-Cortés Felipe Ignacio ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México, Farfán-Gutiérrez Michelle ,   Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México, Cervantes-Jaimes Claudia Elizabeth ,   Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, México
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo estimar el impacto potencial del cambio de cobertura y uso de suelo (CCUS) de la cuenca de aportación, así como el efecto del cambio climático en la precipitación para determinar la respuesta hidrológica de una cuenca de aportación y por consecuencia en el dimensionamiento de una obra hidráulica. En este análisis se determinó el gasto máximo de diseño de la presa El Rejón para el año 2053 mediante una técnica de inteligencia artificial, que se basa en el aprendizaje de información geoespacial histórica para desarrollar una proyección. Mientras que para considerar el efecto del cambio climático en la precipitación de la zona de estudio se utilizó el escenario CMIP5 con el modelo HADGEM2_ES. Los resultados indican un incremento de 9.48 % en el gasto debido al cambio de uso de suelo y cobertura vegetal, y un aumento de hasta 41.52 % por efecto del cambio climático en la precipitación. Para contrarrestar este incremento de escurrimiento se concluye que es necesario reforestar la zona alta en la cuenca de la presa El Rejón debido a que la superficie del bosque está decreciendo y se induce pastizal. Este estudio presenta el primer análisis y proyección con base en inteligencia artificial para considerar el cambio de uso de suelo y su potencial impacto en el gasto de diseño de una obra hidráulica en México
DIPLOMA DA FISCALIDADE VERDE – FINALMENTE UMA FISCALIDADE AMBIENTAL INTEGRADA EM PORTUGAL?
Authors: Borrego Ana Clara
Published: July 2023

Este trabalho pretende conhecer as alterações introduzidas na classificação da Green Tax Reform existente em Portugal, após a entrada em vigor, em 2015, de um novo diploma de fiscalidade ambiental. Verificou-se que, não obstante as alterações introduzidas pelo referido diploma, a Green Tax Reform existente em Portugal permanece com a classificação de reforma parcial. Conclui-se que, embora se trate de um diploma exclusivamente sobre fiscalidade ambiental, de facto consubstancia-se em meras alterações e aditamentos de normas ambientais aos códigos de impostos previamente existentes, aumentando um pouco a importância da fiscalidade ambiental no sistema fiscal português, mas não o suficiente para deixar de ter um mero papel acessório. Apesar da introdução daquela nova legislação e das espectativas geradas em seu redor, Portugal continua longe de conseguir implementar uma reforma fiscal verde integrada, que aposte em força na fiscalidade ambiental, como alternativa aos impostos tradicionais.
GESTÃO SOCIAL E GESTÃO ESTRATÉGICA: REFLEXÕES SOBRE AS DIFERENÇAS E APROXIMAÇÕES DE CONCEITOS
Authors: Cançado Airton Cardoso , Villela Lamounier Erthal , Sausen Jorge Oneide
Published: July 2023

Este artigo se propõe a apresentar a gestão estratégica e a gestão social no sentido de conceituá-las e demonstrar suas diferenças. Neste sentido são apresentadas concepções dos dois tipos de gestão para ao final realizar a aproximação entre os conceitos. A intenção central é avançar no entendimento da Gestão Social por meio do contraste, proposto por Feyerabend (2007). Como principais resultados estão elencadas as diferenças baseadas nas dimensões: ponto de partida, racionalidade, tomada de decisão, transparência, espaço, finalidade da gestão, método, concepção de estrutura organizacional, premissas teóricas, modus operandi, benefícios, dimensão temporal, amplitude da ação, visão, foco, consequências e relação.
ATORES DA CADEIA DE RECICLAGEM: INFLUÊNCIA E IMPACTOS NA ATIVIDADE DE TRIAGEM DE MATERIAIS EM UMA COOPERATIVA DE SOROCABA-SP
Authors: Santos Fábio Ferreira , Fontes Andrea Regina Martins , Moris Virgínia Aparecida da Silva , De Souza Renato Luvizoto Rodrigues
Published: July 2023

A cadeia de reciclagem no Brasil é considerada complexa e envolve múltiplos atores sociais como, consumidores, catadores, governos locais, cooperativas, sucateiros e indústrias. As cooperativas de reciclagem possuem um relevante papel socioambiental e de viabilização dos processos de reciclagem. O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar a influência exercida pelos compradores de materiais recicláveis e consumidores finais na realização da atividade de triagem de materiais recicláveis em uma cooperativa e verificar seus impactos no trabalho dos cooperados. O método de pesquisa adotado foi o estudo de caso, delineado pela abordagem da Ergonomia da Atividade, com foco na triagem de materiais recicláveis realizada em esteira automática em uma cooperativa de Sorocaba-SP. Adotaram-se múltiplas fontes de evidências como, visitas in loco, entrevistas semi estruturadas e observações. Constataram-se uma série de riscos, constrangimentos e variabilidades na realização da atividade de triagem de materiais recicláveis em esteiras automáticas. Sendo decorrentes tanto das condições organizacionais e de trabalho da própria cooperativa, quanto da influência dos compradores de materiais recicláveis e dos consumidores finais no modo de realizar o trabalho. Assim, pode-se afirmar que a triagem é uma atividade complexa, interdependente e demanda uma atuação conjunta dos atores da cadeia de reciclagem, a fim de possibilitar a minimização dos efeitos das variabilidades, aumento da eficiência e ganhos mútuos para toda a cadeia.
PERCEPÇÃO E TOLERÂNCIA AO RISCO DOS GESTORES DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR
Authors: Duarte Daura Helena Jales Dantas , Morais Eulita de Souza , Siqueira Elisabete Stradiotto , Nobre Fábio Chaves , Nobre Liana Holanda Nepomuceno
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: analisar as relações entre os constructos de percepção e tolerância, percebidos pelos gestores de propriedades rurais.
 
Referencial teórico: se apoia na literatura por meio da agricultura familiar e a tolerencia ao risco e incertezas na agricultura.
 
Método: Realizou-se uma pesquisa survey com 137 agricultores. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo de carácter descrito. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário e revelam que o comportamento dos entrevistados é restrito a ações que não os coloquem em situações de risco financeiro.
 
Resultados e conclusão: Nas análises das médias do fator comportamento de risco, os resultados revelaram que a percepção ao risco antecede a tolerância ao risco, e a relação entre os constructos é de ordem inversa, em que os gestores percebem mais risco em uma situação que têm a menor tendência a incorrer riscos. Nesse contexto, quanto maior for o risco percebido, menos chances terá o gestor de realizar o negócio. As constatações permitiram ampliar a compreensão sobre as relações entre os constructos de risco dentro do processo decisório. De forma geral, os gestores da agricultura familiar mostram indícios da necessidade de gerir as finanças de forma mais eficiente e na maioria dos casos buscam melhorar essas práticas.
 
Implicações da pesquisa: as implicações deste estudo para a gestão da agricultura familiar evidenciam que os gestores percebem as situações de risco, e apresentam baixa disposição a correr este risco (tolerância ao risco).
 
Originalidade/valor: amplia a compreensão sobre a tolerância ao risco vinculado ao financeiro das famílias que vivem da agricultura familiar.
The Effect of Types And Sizes Variations of Market Organic Waste in Composting Using Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL)
Authors: Aziz Rizki , Ruslinda Yenni , Pratiwi Hesti Anggia , Fauzi Mhd.
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Organic waste processing can be done through composting. This study aims to see the effect of variations in the types and sizes of market organic waste in composting using Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL).
 
Theoretical framework: Market-generated organic waste needs to be handled without harming the environment. Composting is the proper method for treating organic waste from markets. BSFL is one of the organisms that can be utilized as a catalyst for the breakdown of organic waste. In many ways, using BSFL as an agent to break down organic materials is a profitable recycling technique. When it comes to waste management, BSFL can transform a variety of organic waste types, including animal manure, boosting the organic waste's value as a recyclable resource.
 
Method/design/approach: Market organic waste composting using BSFL. This composting uses several variations. The variation of this study consisted of six variations. Variation 1 (100% of fruit waste with manual chopped), 2 (100% fruit waste with machine shredded), 3 (100% vegetable waste with manually chopped), 4 (100% vegetable waste with machine chopped), 5 (65% fruit waste + 35% vegetable waste with manual chopped), and 6 (65% fruit waste + 35% vegetable waste with machine chopped).
 
Results and conclusion: Compost analysis was carried out on the maturity, quality, and quantity of compost produced. A scoring system selects the optimum variation with the best variations obtained from variations 1 and 5. The highest waste reduction index and reduction rate were obtained from variation 1 as 6.755 % and 94.571%.
 
Research implications: Utilization of BSFL as a market organic waste decomposition agent into compost that has a selling value or is used to fertilize plants.
 
Originality/value: Effect of variations in types of waste (fruit waste and vegetable waste) and waste size on composting using BSFL.
The Impacts of Urban Sprawl on Environmental Pollution, Agriculture, and Energy Consumption: Evidence From Amman City
Authors: AbdelJawad Nour , Nagy Imre
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Urban sprawl can cause an increase in economic development, and as a result, it is followed by increased consumption of energy, waste generation, urbanization, and reduced green land. In this sense, the current study aims to investigate the impacts of urban sprawl on environmental pollution, in terms of CO2 emissions, while considering other control variables. Further, this study explores the relationship between population growth and agricultural land and energy consumption, in the period between 2008 to 2020, in Amman city.
 
Method/design/approach: This study employs the STIRPAT model and the panel unit root test, and the panel cointegration test (ADF), in order to investigate the effect of urban sprawl on the emissions of CO2.
 
Theoretical framework: Urban expansion is a low-density, dispersed, and poorly planned form of spatial growth that has a number of detrimental effects on the quality of the environment.
 
Results and conclusion: The results describe that waste generation, economic development, and urbanization had negative impacts on CO2 emissions. 
 
Research implications: The findings indicated the influence of urban growth on the consumption of energy and agricultural land in Amman.
 
Originality/value: This work can provide possible solutions to reduce the impacts of urban sprawl on the environment through implementing regulations and policies and re-adjustment of urban land use in an efficient manner.
Absence of Genotoxic Effect of Mercury Vapor in Lymphocytes of Occupationally Exposed Individuals
Authors: Pereira João Paulo Góes , De Jesus Iracina Maura , Lima Marcelo de Oliveira , De Oliveira Edivaldo Herculano Corrêa
Published: July 2023

Objective: to evaluate the genotoxic effects caused by exposure to Hg vapor in individuals with occupational exposure in a municipality in northern Brazil.
 
Methods: Blood samples were collected from 70 individuals (38 exposed and 32 unexposed controls) in heparinized tubes. The comet assay and the micronucleus test were used to detect the occurrence of genotoxic effects. The results were statistically analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, Student's T test and ANOVA. Non-parametric data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Spearman's test was used to assess the correlation between dependent variables. Mean, geometric mean and standard deviation (SD) were calculated.
 
Results and Conclusions: The evaluation of genotoxicity revealed no difference in the frequency of DNA damage when the two groups, control and exposed, were compared, even considering confounding variables such as smoking and alcoholism, gender, age, time of exposure. In conclusion, our results indicate that exposure to Hg vapor (elemental form) did not produce detectable genotoxic changes in blood cells in vivo.
 
Research Implications: Although no genotoxic effects were detected in blood cells from individuals exposed to mercury vapor, studies with cells that are in more direct contact with this source of contamination, such as oral and nasal epithelial cells, should be performed to confirm whether elemental form of Hg has no genotoxic effect.
Poultry Production Nexus-Few: a Study About the Effect of Public and Private Investments on the Efficient Use of Water
Authors: Da Rosa Fabricia Silva , Costa Gabriel Donadio , Silva Luiz Paulo de Oliveira , Lunkes Rogério João , Gomes Sonia Maria da Silva , Rodrigues Valquíria Duarte Vieira , Ribeiro Viviane Pires
Published: July 2023

Purpose: This paper aims to analyse how investments in innovation, research and development in poultry production affect the water's efficient use.
 
Theoretical framework: To understand water stress, the literature review addresses content related to the analysis of the balance between water and food production (Nexus-Few), as well as those that support the analysis of the effects of investments in research and development in poultry production and improving the efficient use of water.
 
Method/design/approach: The data were collected from the FAOSTAT database, where were analysed the investments in research and development (government and private), poultry production, water stress and efficient water use (US$/m3).  The period of analysis is from 2005 to 2019, and priority was given to countries with the highest production of poultry, based on available data (Brazil, India, Mexico, Myanmar and Russia).
 
Results and conclusion: the results reveal that there is interdependence between water and poultry production. On the one hand, factors that can lead to water stress (climate, competition for water, food production) can also affect poultry production, as the more water stress, the greater the risk for poultry production that depends on these resources. On the other hand, public and private investments in research and development (R&D) can be crucial to reduce water stress, improve water use efficiency and poultry production performance.
 
Research implications: The study shows to poultry farmers that water stress (demand greater than supply) interferes with poultry production, and that private or public investment in R&D is important for the efficient use of water. The paper revewls to governments and companies what actions are necessary to encourage the sector to seek the Nexus Few (balance between water and food production).
 
Originality/value: expands understanding of the sustainability of the poultry production chain and the goals of sustainable development, in order to encourage the efficient use of water. The sudy reveals too the importance of public and private investments to promote the balance between water use and poultry production .
Diagnosis of Water Quality in an Urban Wetland
Authors: Koch Silviane , Bianchi Vídica , Grutka Stéfani Alexandra , Martins Caroline Thérèse Aygadoux , Alves Alcione Aparecida de Almeida , Da Silva José Antonio Gonzalez , Da Rosa Juliana Aozane , Alessi Odenis
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The objective was to evaluate the water quality based on physical and chemical parameters in different quadrants of an urban wetland and correlate variables that may show possible natural and anthropogenic polluting sources.
 
Theoretical framework: Wetlands are essential ecosystems for the maintenance of ecological balance, biodiversity of organisms, and water reserves. Studies on water quality in urban wetlands are important for understanding their preservation level, elucidating the need for possible conservationist actions.
 
Method/design/approach: The wetland area was divided into four quadrants; water samples were collected for analysis of physical and chemical. When possible, the results were compared with the limits established by the CONAMA Resolution 357/2005 (class 1), which deals with surface waters, and with the literature.
 
Results and conclusion: The Quadrant 3, which presented riparian forest, invasive species, and high deposition of solid waste, showed a greater degree of environmental impact. Changes in several physical and chemical parameters indicate that the impairment of water quality in the evaluated wetland is mainly due to the anthropogenic action of the surrounding population.
 
Research implications: The analysis of wetland water quality as an indicator of socio-environmental actions can be implemented and stimulate public power actions, ensuring its preservation.
Originality/value: Studies in urban wetlands are rare. The irregular occupation on the banks denotes a socio-environmental issue. Wetlands are a valuable resource for environmental education practices in schools.
The Language Policy of Learning English as Support to the Internationalization Management of the Autonomous University of Baja California [Mexico]
Authors: Toledo Sarracino David Guadalupe
Published: July 2023

Objective: The objective of this work is to provide the management actions of internationalization and teaching of the English language carried out by Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC). In the first place, concepts of soft skills (softskills), linguistic, digital, socio-emotional and environmental are described that the student learns in an interdisciplinary way when learning a foreign language and must have associations in the disciplinary field and its relationship with the language policy of English teaching. Secondly, the results of the strategies used by the UABC to promote student exchange are analyzed.
 
Theoretical Framework: The theories that support this study are the language policy by Cooper (1997) and Arnoux & Bein (2015) related to the way English is learned at the UABC and how the internationalization policy makes you participate in it. For this reason, the results of the strategies used by the UABC to promote student exchange at the UABC are analyzed.
 
Methodology: This study focuses on the quantitative-descriptive methodology using a 15-item survey addressed to 100 students to collect information on the improvement of English during the student exchange. The results were plotted in an .xlsx matrix; the instrument that was validated under the calculation and interpretation of Cronbach's Alpha (1951). That is, through the variance of the items used in MS Excel with the statistical package SPSS (22).
 
Results and conclusions: An explicit language policy proposal is presented in the short term from an institutional perspective of the UABC, which will have an impact on having highly qualified graduates towards a successful labor insertion.
 
Research implications: The main contribution of this study is to make known the importance of the role of learning the English language during university studies and the benefits that the student brings when participating in the student exchange in English-speaking countries.
 
Originality/value: This research contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge of student exchange management and, consequently, the impact of learning English at the University so that graduates have direct access to a secure job.
Use of Agroindustrial Materials as Activated Carbon Precursors for Caffeine Removal: Global Overview
Authors: Tapia Yuliana Menco , De Oliveira Tatianne Ferreira , Gabriel Ellen Flavia Moreira , Scalize Paulo Sergio
Published: July 2023

Objective: Prepare a global overview of agro-industrial residues used for activated carbon (CA) production, seeking caffeine removal of water bodies.
 
Theoretical reference: Aiming the adequate understand of involved processes, as well as each stage when adsorption occurred. The theoretical concepts might help to analyse how important is pollution of emerging contaminants in water bodies, as a current environmental problem.
 
Method: A data survey was developed in general perspective, using information from literature published in online repositories, such as Scopus and Science Direct, trough investigations that seek the use of agro-industrial residues for production of activated carbons and, also, their caffeine removal parameters analysis.
 
Results and conclusion: The analysis results of the different methodologies applied in studies for activated carbon production from agro-industrial residues, showed that good caffeine adsorption process and the adequate characteristics of each adsorbent material, depend on processes and conditions adopted by each researcher. In this way, the different studies here analysed showed the importance of using industry waste, helping to reduce waste volumes in landfills and, at the same time, the search for new technologies that could help to remove emerging contaminants, such as caffeine.
 
Originality/value: This study provides different basic and methodological concepts related to carbonization processes from agro-industrial waste, verified and studied by different authors for caffeine elimination; and also the importance of tracking new economical and environmentally friendly precursor materials.
VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL DA PRODUTIVIDADE DA SOJA E SUA CORRELAÇÃO COM ATRIBUTOS QUÍMICOS E TEXTURA DO SOLO
Authors: Inacio Karini Aparecida de Matos , Cortez Jorge Wilson
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Objetivou-se avaliar a variabilidade espacial da produtividade da soja e sua correlação com atributosquímicos e textura do solo.Referencial teórico: baseou-se nos estudos das novas ferramentas e tecnologias disponíveis no mercado para melhorara gestão e a produtividade das lavouras.Método: O experimento foi desenvolvido em área comercial de produção de grãos, sendo utilizadas análises de sologeorreferenciadas para analisar a granulometria e os atributos químicos, imagens de satélite para calcular os índices devegetação e mapas de colheita para a produtividade. Todos os mapas de distribuição espacial foram interpolados pormeio da Krigagem.Resultados e conclusão: Observou-se que a textura e os atributos químicos estão presentes de forma heterogênea nosolo e devem ser manejados como tal. Os mapas de recomendação de calagem e adubação em taxa variada permitemaplicar os insumos de maneira mais eficaz. Os índices de vegetação NDVI e NDRE demonstram os locais de possíveisperdas de produtividade. A correlação positiva entre areia e produtividade demonstrou que solos com maioresconcentrações de areia podem atingir boas produtividadesImplicações da pesquisa: a pesquisa demonstrou a importância do uso da agricultura de precisão para aumentar aprodutividade das lavouras.Originalidade/valor: com este estudo é possível difundir para a comunidade científica e os produtores rurais asaplicações e benefícios da agricultura de precisão.
Mosaic of Protected Areas: a Conservation Strategy for the Seridó Potiguar Biome
Authors: Fontgalland Isabel Lausanne , De Oliveira Zenon Sabino
Published: July 2023

Propose: The aim of this work is to show the Seridó Potiguar (Brazil) through the model of integrated management of conservation units and protected areas, known as area fragmentation mosaics.
 
Theoretical Frame of Reference: The loss of native vegetation, caused by anthropic destruction, is felt as one of the conditioning factors in the decrease of biodiversity almost everywhere on Earth, however, only with the creation of Conservation Units (UCs) will it be possible to establish a tool as a conservation strategy. From this perspective, the National System of Conservation Units (SNUC) has initiated the structure in mosaics, providing a participatory and social management of the territory, taking into account the conservation of biodiversity and geodiversity.
 
Method: The study of mosaics favors knowing the size of the distribution area by shallow cuts. Through this methodology, it is possible to know the depletion and/or rapid recovery of the APA protection scenario or fragmentation by deforestation. In this way, this article observes to what extent a good management of UC mosaics can cause a better contribution to the conservation of biodiversity and geodiversity, taking into account, particularly, the Caatinga biome in the Seridó of the state of Rio Grande do Norte.
 
Results and Discussion: As results, it was observed that the project presents biophysical, socioeconomic and environmental elements of the Seridó of Rio Grande do Norte.
 
Implications of the Research: There is no verification of studies of conservation mosaics in this region of Rio Grabnde do Norte, therefore a pioneer study.
 
Originality/Value: This research is unusual and original and will broaden the discussion of the Conservation Units in the Brazilian Northeast