bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics of postoperative necrotizing enterocolitis in patients with congenital jejunoileal atresia and its risk factors
Authors: Xiong Xiaofeng , Lu Wei , Xing Fuzhong , Cai Yuan , Yang Jixin , Yuan Yuhang , Feng Jiexiong , Chen Xuyong
Published: March 2024

Objective

To review postoperative necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in patients with jejunoileal atresia (JIA) and to explore the potential risk factors related to the concurrence of NEC.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with JIA who received surgical treatment from January 2016 to June 2021 were enrolled. Demographics, viral infection of the fetus, transfusion within 48 hours before NEC, sepsis before JIA repair, pathological and anatomical classification of JIA, combined malformation, occurrence time of NEC after the operation, treatment, and prognosis of patients were analyzed. Patients were divided into NEC group and non-NEC group, and all patients were followed up for 3–6 months to observe for complications.

Results

A total of 180 patients with JIA were included, of whom 12 were diagnosed with NEC after surgery and 1 patient with NEC died during follow-up. The average age, birth weight, gestational age, proportion of premature infants, proportion of preoperative infections, and pathological classification of JIA did not significantly differ between the two groups. The probability of patients with proximal jejunal atresia (PJA) in the NEC group (58.3%) was higher than that in the non-NEC group (22.6%) (p=0.011), and patients with PJA had longer parenteral nutrition time than patients without PJA (26.64±9.21 days vs 15.11±6.58 days,p<0.001).

Conclusion

PJA was more likely to be associated with concurrent NEC after surgery, which is a highly NEC-related risk factor inherent in JIA.
Clinical Features and Classification of Proximal Carpal Fracture Dislocation Through the Radiocarpal Joint
Authors: XIONG Ge , ZHENG Wei , ZHU Jin
Published: March 2024

Background: The most common types of wrist dislocation are trans-scaphoid lunate dislocation (TLD) and trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocation, in which the lunate and proximal scaphoid are dislocated through the midcarpal joint. There is another rare type of dislocation in which the proximal carpi are dislocated through the radiocarpal joint. The purpose of this study is to examine the clinical features of this type of dislocation.

Methods: Six cases of the proximal carpal fracture dislocation via the radiocarpal joint were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation with the ligament reconstruction. A Mayo wrist score was assigned to each patient based on the assessment of pain, functional status, range of motion and grip strength at the last follow-up. Clinical subjective evaluation of function and pain was assessed using the patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) method.

Results: All patients were male and injured with a median age of 33.5 years. The median follow-up period was 10 months. There were three types of dislocations: Scaphoid fracture dislocation, TLD and scaphoid-lunate dislocation. All patients had satisfactory results with an average PRWE of 7.2 ± 4.7. The preoperative VAS was 6.7 ± 1.0 and the postoperative VAS was 0.7 ± 0.7 (p < 0.01). Postoperative grip strength accounted for 89.2% ± 9.8% of the contralateral side; the Mayo wrist score averaged 90.0 ± 6.5, with four patients obtaining excellent and two good results.

Conclusions: Fracture dislocation of the proximal carpal bones through the radiocarpal joint is an independent type of wrist dislocation that tends to occur in young men with high-energy impact. The wrist is most often injured in a pronation hyperextension position. If treatment is timely and appropriate, the prognosis is quite good.

Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Caused by a Juxta-articular Myxoma: A Case Report
Authors: YANO Koichi , YONEDA Akira , OHTA Yoshio , KANESHIRO Yasunori
Published: March 2024

Juxta-articular myxoma (JAM) is a rare soft tissue tumour predominantly composed of mucinous tissue and usually found around large joints. We report a 73-year-old woman with a 5-year history of a soft tissue mass in the thenar eminence of the right wrist who presented to our department. An initial diagnosis of a ganglion cyst was made using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the jellied content of the mass by aspiration. Two years after presentation, surgical treatment with tumour resection and carpal tunnel release via the radial approach was performed because the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome worsened, and the tumour invaded the carpal tunnel. Histopathological examination revealed a JAM. At the 1-year follow-up, the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome had resolved, and no recurrence was confirmed by MRI.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Applying Concepts of Curriculum Design and Cultural Adaptation: Collaborating on a Dual‐Degree Occupational Therapy Program in Mainland China
Authors: Gray Julie McLaughlin , Meng Ling Yu (Elena) , Chan Adley , Chang Cameron , Liu Yijun , Qian Liguo , Wang Hui , Wang Ninghua , Yang Yanyan , Zhou Mouwang , Baranek Grace T.
Published: March 2024

Occupational therapy is a profession with origins rooted in Western values. As culture plays an important role in shaping theory and practice, the curriculum design of academic programs that train future rehabilitation professionals should reflect the local context. As part of an international partnership, a dual‐degree graduate program in occupational therapy was established between a Chinese and an American university. A team composed of members from both institutions collaborated on culturally adapting an entry‐level master’s program in occupational therapy for China, based on a U.S. program, which welcomed its first cohort in September 2019. This article details the timeline and process of program design and adaptation from conception, through implementation to evaluation and revision, with the aim of offering a framework for curriculum adaptation of other academic programs in the U.S. and internationally. The adapted curriculum includes the program mission, vision, and philosophy; the curriculum model with program outcomes and threads; the program scope and sequence; materials and resources; and course‐specific objectives, learning activities, and assessments. The authors also share lessons learned through this experience of international collaboration as well as next steps for program evaluation and sustainability. The detailed overview of this international collaboration offers suggestions for individuals and institutions seeking to develop global partnerships and adapt curricula across cultural contexts.
The Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Mediating the Effect of Inflammatory Bowel Disease on nonmalignant Digestive System Diseases: A Multivariable Mendelian Randomized Study
Authors: Zhou Shu , Sun Qi , Gao Ning , Hu Zekai , Jia Junjun , Song Jiangwei , Xu Guocong , Dong Aiqiang , Xia Weiliang , Wu Jiafeng
Published: March 2024

Background. While observation studies have shown a positive correlation between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the risk of nonmalignant digestive system diseases, a definitive causal relationship has not yet been clearly established. Methods. Mendelian randomization (MR) was employed to investigate the potential causal association between genetic susceptibility to IBD and nonmalignant gastrointestinal diseases. Genetic variants were extracted as instrumental variables (IVs) from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis, which included 12,194 cases of Crohn’s disease (CD) and 28,072 control cases of European ancestry. The GWAS for ulcerative colitis (UC) included 12,366 UC and 33,609 control cases of European ancestry. All IVs reached genome-wide significance (GWAS p value <5 × 10−8). Summary-level data for acute pancreatitis (AP), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), gastroesophageal reflux disease, cholelithiasis, and CeD (celiac disease) were obtained from the GWAS meta-analysis and the FinnGen dataset. Summary-level data on relevant inflammatory factors were provided by the International Genetic Consortium. Univariate MR analysis was conducted using inverse variance weighting as the primary method for estimating causal effects. Multivariate MR analyses were also performed to detect possible mediators. Results. Genetic susceptibility to UC was associated with an increased risk of AP (OR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.03–1.13; p=0.002) and IBS odds ratio (OR] = 1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI] = 1.03–1.11; (p<0.001). In terms of potential mediators, interleukin 6 (IL-6) had a driving effect on the association between UC and AP. There was no apparent evidence of increased risk with CD. Meanwhile, genetic susceptibility to CD increases the risk of CeD (OR = 1.14; 95% CI = 1.03–1.25; p=0.01). Conclusions. The evidence suggests that UC is associated with an elevated risk of AP and IBS, and IL-6 may be responsible in AP. CD is associated with an increased risk of developing CeD. Implementing a proactive monitoring program for assessing the risk of gastrointestinal diseases in UC patients, particularly those with elevated IL-6 levels, may be of interest. In addition, the presence of AP and IBS may indicate the presence of UC. Preventing CeD is an essential consideration in the therapeutic management of patients with CD.
Thermoeconomic Analysis of a Solar‐Assisted Industrial Process Heating System
Authors: Kumar Laveet , Hasanuzzaman M. , Rahim N. A. , Sleiti Ahmad K.
Published: March 2024

Thermal energy in the industrial sector for process heating applications in the range of 50 to 250°C consumes about 35% of the global fossil fuel. Cascaded solar thermal systems are promising solutions to meet clean and uninterrupted thermal energy supply for industrial process heating. Well‐engineered cascaded arrangement of solar thermal collector (STC) and photovoltaic thermal (PVT) collector can attain an average solar fraction of more than 50%. In the present research, a solar‐assisted process heating system, wherein a STC integrated in series with PVT, has been designed to produce low‐ to medium‐temperature heat at higher solar fractions. Herein, thermal performance and economic viability of this novel system have been investigated and analyzed methodically. In the present research, a comprehensive TRNSYS simulation model is developed and validated experimentally. Results show that PVT integrated with heat pipe evacuated tube collector (PVT‐HPETC) and PVT integrated with flat plate collector (PVT‐FPC) system can generate thermal energy as high as 1625 and 1420 W with a thermal efficiency of 81 and 77% and exergy efficiency of 13.22 and 12.72%. Levelized cost of heat (LCOH) for PVT‐HPETC at process heat temperatures of 60, 70, and 80°C is 0.214, 0.208, and 0.201 MYR/kWh, respectively. It is worth to note that LCOH is less than the existing cost of heat generation which proves that these systems are economically feasible.
Effects of Front Total Toe‐In Angle on Tire Wear and Emissions for a Light‐Duty Vehicle
Authors: Das Riton Kumer , Hossain Md. Abu Mowazzem , Islam Md. Tazul , Banik Sajal Chandra , Hafez Md. Golam
Published: March 2024

An experimental investigation is carried out in this study to investigate the effect of wheel alignment, particularly the front total toe‐in angle, on tire wear and emissions for a light‐duty vehicle. Such investigations reveal that there is a substantial correlation among rolling resistance, energy consumption, tire wear, tire travel life, and the total toe‐in angle of the front wheel. It is observed that the rate of loss in tire travel life with regard to a condition without misalignment is up to 98.33% when the front total toe‐in angle is out of alignment (ranging from 0.00° to 4.20°). It is found that rolling resistance increases by about 128.86%, while CO2, CO, and NOx emissions rise by nearly 36.67%, 26.83%, and 31.25%, respectively, as the front total toe‐in angle increases from 0.00° to 4.20°. The experimental results also reveal that tire circumferential groove wear is observed at 0.04 mm after the vehicle’s travelling distance of 500 km, where the front total toe‐in angle is 0.00°, and the tire travelling life is 92250 km. In addition, the tire circumferential groove wear is investigated as 2.40 mm after the vehicle’s travelling distance and tire travel life are recorded to be 3,500 km and 1537.50 km, respectively, due to the occurrence of misalignment (the front total toe‐in angle is 4.20°). Finally, a regression model is proposed using the test data. Such a model would be useful to explain the relationship between the related factors and determine the rate of tire wear and emissions. It is noteworthy that the wheels should always remain aligned in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications in order to ensure optimal performance and longevity of the tires
The Role of Probiotics in Managing Glucose Homeostasis in Adults with Prediabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Sun Chao , Liu Qingyin , Ye Xiaona , Li Ronghua , Meng Miaomiao , Han Xingjun
Published: March 2024

Background and Purpose. There is controversy about the effect of probiotics in regulating glucose homeostasis. This systematic review and meta‐analysis is aimed at evaluating the evidence for the efficacy of probiotics in managing blood glucose, blood lipid, and inflammatory factors in adults with prediabetes. Methods. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Analysis checklist was used. A comprehensive literature search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted through August 2022 to assess the impact of probiotics on blood glucose, lipid, and inflammatory markers in adults with prediabetes. Data were pooled using a random effects model and were expressed as standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was evaluated and quantified as I2. Results. Seven publications with a total of 550 patients were included in the meta‐analysis. Probiotics were found to significantly reduce the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (SMD ‐0.44; 95% CI ‐0.84, ‐0.05; p = 0.03; I2 = 76.13%, p < 0.001) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) (SMD ‐0.27; 95% CI ‐0.45, ‐0.09; p < 0.001; I2 = 0.50%, p = 0.36) and improve the levels of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (SMD ‐8.94; 95% CI ‐14.91, ‐2.97; p = 0.003; I2 = 80.24%, p < 0.001), when compared to the placebo group. However, no significant difference was observed in fasting blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and body mass index. Subgroup analyses showed that probiotics significantly reduced HbA1c in adults with prediabetes in Oceania, intervention duration of ≥3 months, and sample size <30. Conclusions. Collectively, our meta‐analysis revealed that probiotics had a significant impact on reducing the levels of HbA1c and HOMA‐IR and improving the level of HDL in adults with prediabetes, which indicated a potential role in regulating blood glucose homeostasis. However, given the limited number of studies included in this analysis and the potential for bias, further large‐scale, higher‐quality randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings. This trial is registered with CRD42022358379.
Severe Atelectasis due to Aspirated Valproic Acid Tablet
Authors: Tanigaki Tomomi , Ogawa Takunori , Nomura Sakika , Ito Koki , Kurata Yuhei , Matsukida Akira , Ishihara Morio , Yoshino Aihide , Kawana Akihiko , Kimizuka Yoshifumi
Published: March 2024

A 60-year-old man treated with valproic acid (VPA) for epilepsy developed atelectasis and respiratory failure after an accidentally aspirated VPA tablet-induced mucus hypersecretion. Following bronchoscopic removal of the aspirated tablet, his respiratory status improved and massive sputum production did not recur. We hypothesized that the aspirated VPA tablet increased the expression of mucin-related genes, thereby increasing mucus production. Our in vitro experiments using a human respiratory epithelial cell line revealed that VPA directly upregulates the airway mucin-related genes. We believe that this is the first case report of aspirated VPA-induced severe atelectasis and respiratory failure, which were successfully treated with the bronchoscopic removal of the VPA tablet.
Dual-Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation-Regulated Kinase 3 Expression and Its Correlation with Prognosis and Growth of Serous Ovarian Cancer: Correlation of DYRK3 with Ovarian Cancer Survival
Authors: Sun Jia , Zhang Yingzi , Li Aijie , Yu Hao
Published: March 2024

Background. Epithelial ovarian cancer, primarily serous ovarian cancer (SOC), stands as a predominant cause of cancer-related mortality among women globally, emphasizing the urgent need for comprehensive research into its molecular underpinnings. Within this context, the dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 3 (DYRK3) has emerged as a potential key player with implications for prognosis and tumor progression. Methods. This study conducted a meticulous retrospective analysis of 254 SOC cases from our medical center to unravel the prognostic significance of DYRK3. Survival analyses underscored DYRK3 as an independent adverse prognostic factor in SOC, with a hazard ratio of 2.60 (95% CI 1.67-4.07, P<0.001). Experimental investigations involved DYRK3 knockdown in serous ovarian cancer cell lines (CAOV3 and OVCAR-3) through a shRNA strategy, revealing substantial decreases in cell growth and invasion capabilities. Bioinformatics analyses further hinted at DYRK3’s involvement in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment. In vivo experiments with DYRK3-knockdown cell lines validated these findings, demonstrating a notable restriction in the growth of ovarian cancer xenografts. Results. Our findings collectively illuminate DYRK3 as a pivotal tumor-promoting oncogene in SOC. Beyond its adverse prognostic implications, DYRK3 knockdown exhibited promising therapeutic potential by impeding cancer progression and potentially influencing the tumor immune microenvironment. Conclusions. This study establishes a compelling foundation for further research into DYRK3’s intricate role and therapeutic potential in ovarian cancer treatment. As we unravel the complexities surrounding DYRK3, our work not only contributes to the understanding of SOC pathogenesis but also unveils new prospects for targeted therapeutic interventions, holding promise for improved outcomes in ovarian cancer management.
Nutritional and Microbial Qualities of Fermented Cereal-Based Porridges Produced in Northern Benin
Authors: Karimou Rachidatou , Noumavo Agossou Damien Pacôme , Aboudou Kowiou , Boya Bawa , Assouma Funkè Faïzatou , Salami Hafiz Adio , Konmy Basile Boni Saka , Houngbo Hermance Y. , Adjanohoun Adolphe , Baba-Moussa Lamine , Sina Haziz
Published: March 2024

Fermentation has been used for centuries to enhance the sensory and nutritional qualities and the antioxidant content of plant-based foods, making them beneficial for health. This study aims to investigate the microbiological and nutritional qualities of fermented porridges produced in northern Benin. Various nutritional tests and the identification of different microorganisms have gained insights into eight porridges produced in 9 localities of northern Benin. Lactic acid bacteria have the highest proportion among all microorganisms in fermented porridges, followed by the total mesophyll aerobic flora. E. coli, thermotolerant coliforms, and molds are not present in all porridges analyzed. Recorded data suggested that porridges have a variable microbial load depending on the collection municipalities. The dry matter of the eight types of porridge varies greatly, with akloui having 27.03 ± 3.83 g/100 g and fourra having 48.63 ± 3.83 g/100 g. The total ashes also differ significantly, with bita having 39.36 ± 4.67 g/100 g and sagagnèga having 63.19 ± 4.67 g/100 g. It is worth noting that all fermented porridges have a pH lower than 5, and the titratable acidity ranges from 0.01 ± 0.00 g to 0.02 ± 0.00 g. The brix degree varies from 0.46 ± 0.54 to 4.4 ± 0.54. The beta-carotene values of the 8 types of porridge vary from 0.037 ± 0.018 mg/g to 0.138 ± 0.018 mg/g, while the total sugars range from 1.926 ± 0.877 to 5.773 ± 0.877 g/100 g. The lipid content, when present, varies from 0.226 ± 0.029% to 0.408 ± 0.029%. Finally, the protein percentage of the porridge ranges from 7.061 ± 0.779 to 12.419 ± 0.779.
A Rare Variant of Zinner Syndrome Involving Ectopic Ureteral Implantation into the Seminal Vesicle Causing Recurrent Epididymitis
Authors: Zaliznyak Michael , Baer Aaron , Trierweiler Joshua , Landon Thomas , Hamilton Zachary
Published: March 2024

Zinner syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by a triad of renal dysgenesis/agenesis, cysts in the ipsilateral seminal vesicle, and ejaculatory duct obstruction. Though often diagnosed in infancy, the diagnoses can be incidentally found in adults who present with nonspecific genitourinary symptoms including dysuria, ejaculatory dysfunction, or genital pain. We present an unusual case of a 29-year-old male patient who presented to the emergency department with recurrent testicular pain and hematospermia and was found to have an atrophic right kidney with an ectopic ureter implanting into a cystic seminal vesicle. These findings were consistent with a rare subvariant of Zinner syndrome only previously described four times in the literature. We performed a robotic-assisted laparoscopic ectopic nephroureterectomy with sparing of his seminal vesicle. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the safe and effective use of robotic surgery in this setting to remove affected anatomy while preserving the patient’s seminal vesicle.
Congenital Malformations in the Moroccan Surveillance System: Contribution to Prevalence Estimation
Authors: Kannane Soukaina , Boussaa Samia , Mendili Jamila El , Touloun Oulaid
Published: March 2024

Background. Congenital malformations (CMs) are a group of structural or functional anomalies present at birth. These anomalies result in a high rate of mortality, morbidity, and disability in children. CMs are a major public health problem and place a heavy burden on healthcare systems in both developed and developing countries including Morocco, which has had a CMs surveillance system in place since 2011. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of CMs in Morocco. Methods. In this study, the epidemiology of CMs in Morocco was assessed retrospectively using the national surveillance system data gathered from case notification forms from 2017 to 2021. Results. The main results showed that the prevalence of CMs in Morocco is 3.91/1000 live births (LBs), and the minimum annual prevalence of CMs was reached in 2017 (3.10/1000 LBs) while the maximum annual prevalence was recorded in 2018 (4.55/1000 LBs). The majority of CMs are unspecified CMs (68.55%), neural tube defects (NTDs) account for (21.13%), and orofacial clefts (OFCs) account for (10.32%). In addition, the majority of CMs (61.73%) were from rural areas. According to region, the Dakhla-Oued Eddahab region recorded the highest prevalence of CMs in Morocco, with 8.81/1000 LBs, while the lowest prevalence was recorded in the Rabat-Sale-Kenitra region, with 2.02/1000 LB. Conclusions. This study reveals that the national prevalence of CMs is high and may be underestimated, as most of the CMS reported is unspecified. The use of a CM registry with detailed reporting of all CMs and the promotion of preventive measures are urgently recommended.
Supplementary Table 4 from Targeting Tryptophan Catabolism in Ovarian Cancer to Attenuate Macrophage Infiltration and PD-L1 Expression
Authors: Crump Lyndsey S. , Floyd Jessica L. , Kuo Li-Wei , Post Miriam D. , Bickerdike Mike , O'Neill Kathleen , Sompel Kayla , Jordan Kimberly R. , Corr Bradley R. , Marjon Nicole , Woodruff Elizabeth R. , Richer Jennifer K. , Bitler Benjamin G.
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Table 4. TRP Catabolites in OVCAR3 EV and TDO2 Overexpression
Supplementary Table 2 from Targeting Tryptophan Catabolism in Ovarian Cancer to Attenuate Macrophage Infiltration and PD-L1 Expression
Authors: Crump Lyndsey S. , Floyd Jessica L. , Kuo Li-Wei , Post Miriam D. , Bickerdike Mike , O'Neill Kathleen , Sompel Kayla , Jordan Kimberly R. , Corr Bradley R. , Marjon Nicole , Woodruff Elizabeth R. , Richer Jennifer K. , Bitler Benjamin G.
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Table 2. TRCN shRNA numbers
Supplemental Figure S6 from Targeting Tryptophan Catabolism in Ovarian Cancer to Attenuate Macrophage Infiltration and PD-L1 Expression
Authors: Crump Lyndsey S. , Floyd Jessica L. , Kuo Li-Wei , Post Miriam D. , Bickerdike Mike , O'Neill Kathleen , Sompel Kayla , Jordan Kimberly R. , Corr Bradley R. , Marjon Nicole , Woodruff Elizabeth R. , Richer Jennifer K. , Bitler Benjamin G.
Published: March 2024

Ovarian cancer standard of care and mouse weights
Supplementary Table 1 from Health Care Access Dimensions and Racial Disparities in End-of-Life Care Quality among Patients with Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Karanth Shama , Osazuwa-Peters Oyomoare L. , Wilson Lauren E. , Previs Rebecca A. , Rahman Fariha , Huang Bin , Pisu Maria , Liang Margaret , Ward Kevin C. , Schymura Maria J. , Berchuck Andrew , Akinyemiju Tomi F.
Published: March 2024

Patient, census tract, and regional level variables measuring dimensions of healthcare affordability, availability and accessibility
FIGURE 2 from Health Care Access Dimensions and Racial Disparities in End-of-Life Care Quality among Patients with Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Karanth Shama , Osazuwa-Peters Oyomoare L. , Wilson Lauren E. , Previs Rebecca A. , Rahman Fariha , Huang Bin , Pisu Maria , Liang Margaret , Ward Kevin C. , Schymura Maria J. , Berchuck Andrew , Akinyemiju Tomi F.
Published: March 2024

EOL care quality outcomes by patient race and ethnicity (N = 4,646). ICU stay and ER visit outcomes not shown due to cell suppression rules. Outcomes that differ by patient race/ethnicity (χ2 test P value <0.05) are denoted with an asterisk (*) on their label.
Impact of HER2-Low Status in Metastatic Gastric Cancer: A Real-World Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Unal Olcun Umit , Akay Seval , Gul Gurkan , Keser Murat , Ozamrak Birsen Gizem , Solakoglu Kahraman Dudu , Erdogan Mihriban
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Information regarding HER2-low tumors in metastatic gastric cancer is sparse. Our aim here was to determine the frequency of low HER2 expression in metastatic gastric cancer and to compare the clinicopathological characteristics, survival, and treatment response of HER2-low patients with HER2-zero patients. Methods: The clinicopathological features, treatment responses, and survival of HER2-low tumors and HER2-zero tumors were compared. Results: Of 226 patients, 71 (31.4%) had low HER2 expression and 155 (68.6%) had zero HER2 expression. HER2-low tumors were detected more frequently in older patients and in low-grade tumors than HER2-zero tumors (69% vs. 47.7%, p = 0.003, 16.9% vs. 3.8%, p < 0.001). On the contrary, HER2-zero tumors were more likely to be poor grade than HER2-low tumors (47% vs. 22.2%, p < 0.001). All patients received a first-line chemotherapy regimen. The disease control rate was not statistically different between both groups (40% vs. 46.4%, p = 0.11). The median survival was 12.05 (95% CI, 8.09–16.02) months in HER2-low patients and 10.41 (95% CI, 8.52–12.3) months in HER2-zero patients with no statistical difference (p = 0.73). Conclusion: HER2-low metastatic gastric cancer has a higher rate of being low grade than HER2-zero tumors. HER2-low metastatic gastric cancer is similar to HER2 zero in terms of chemotherapy response and survival.
Application of Dual‐Layer Spectral‐Detector Computed Tomography Angiography in Identifying Symptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Zhang Jia , Li Sijia , Wu Lei , Wang Haoyuan , Wang Chuanying , Zhou Yinan , Sui Binbin , Zhao Xingquan
Published: March 2024

Background

Dual‐layer spectral‐detector dual‐energy computed tomography angiography (DLCTA) can distinguish components of carotid plaques. Data on identifying symptomatic carotid plaques in patients using DLCTA are not available.

Methods and Results

In this prospective observational study, patients with carotid plaques were enrolled and received DLCTA. The attenuation for both polyenergetic image and virtual monoenergetic images (40, 70, 100, and 140 keV), as well as
Z
‐effective value, were recorded in the noncalcified regions of plaques. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between attenuations of DLCTA and the presence of symptomatic carotid plaques. In total, 100 participants (mean±SD age, 64.37±8.31 years; 82.0% were men) were included, and 36% of the cases were identified with the symptomatic group. DLCTA parameters were different between 2 groups (symptomatic versus asymptomatic: computed tomography [CT] 40 keV, 152.63 [interquartile range (IQR), 70.22–259.78] versus 256.78 [IQR, 150.34–408.13]; CT 70 keV, 81.28 [IQR, 50.13–119.33] versus 108.87 [IQR, 77.01–165.88]; slope
40–140 keV
, 0.91 [IQR, 0.35–1.87] versus 1.92 [IQR, 0.96–3.00];
Z
‐effective value, 7.92 [IQR, 7.53–8.46] versus 8.41 [IQR, 7.94–8.92]), whereas no difference was found in conventional polyenergetic images. The risk of symptomatic plaque was lower in the highest tertiles of attenuations in CT 40 keV (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.243 [95% CI, 0.078–0.754]), CT 70 keV (adjusted OR, 0.313 [95% CI, 0.104–0.940]),
Z‐
effective values (adjusted OR, 0.138 [95% CI, 0.039–0.490]), and slope
40–140 keV
(adjusted OR, 0.157 [95% CI, 0.046–0.539]), with all
P
values and
P
trends <0.05. The areas under the curve for CT 40 keV, CT 70 keV, slope 40 to 140 keV, and
Z
‐effective values were 0.64, 0.61, 0.64, and 0.63, respectively.

Conclusions

Parameters of DLCTA might help assist in distinguishing symptomatic carotid plaques. Further studies with a larger sample size may address the overlap and improve the diagnostic accuracy.
Prognostic Implications of Left Atrial Strain in Bicuspid Aortic Valve With Chronic Aortic Regurgitation
Authors: Tan YuTing , Li YuMan , Deng WenHui , Zhang RuiZe , Zhao RuoHan , Abulipizi Abudukadier , Zhang Jing , Ji Xiang , Hou QuanFei , Liu Tianshu , Fang Lingyun , Zhang Li , Xie MingXing , Wang Jing
Published: March 2024

Background

Left atrial reservoir strain (LARS) is a novel imaging biomarker of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. This study aimed to examine the prognostic implications of LARS in patients with bicuspid aortic valve and significant (moderate‐severe to severe) aortic regurgitation.

Methods and Results

A total of 220 patients with bicuspid aortic valve and significant aortic regurgitation were prospectively enrolled in our study. LARS and left ventricular global longitudinal strain were derived from speckle‐tracking echocardiography. The end point was a composite of all‐cause mortality, heart failure hospitalization, and aortic valve repair or replacement. The threshold value of LARS <24% was used to identify impaired left atrial mechanics based on prior results. During a median follow‐up of 364 (interquartile range, 294–752) days, 46 patients (20.9%) reached the composite end points. On multivariable Cox analysis, impaired LARS (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.08 [95% CI, 1.05–4.11];
P
=0.036) was a statistically significant predictor of composite end points after adjustment for other statistically significant predictors. Finally, adding impaired LARS to other statistically significant predictors (New York Heart Association functional class and left ventricular global longitudinal strain) significantly improved the global χ
2
(from 32.19 to 36.56;
P
=0.037) and reclassification (continuous net reclassification index=0.55;
P
<0.001) of the prediction model.

Conclusions

In patients with bicuspid aortic valve and significant aortic regurgitation, the impairment of LARS is a strong independent prognostic predictor and confers incremental prognostic utility over clinical and other echocardiographic parameters. These findings suggest that LARS could be considered in risk stratification for such populations.
Functional MRI brain state occupancy in the presence of cerebral small vessel disease—a pre-registered replication analysis of the Hamburg City Health Study
Authors: Ingwersen Thies , Mayer Carola , Petersen Marvin , Frey Benedikt M. , Fiehler Jens , Hanning Uta , Kühn Simone , Gallinat Jürgen , Twerenbold Raphael , Gerloff Christian , Cheng Bastian , Thomalla Götz , Schlemm Eckhard
Published: March 2024

We aimed to replicate recent findings on the association between the extent of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), functional brain network dedifferentiation, and cognitive impairment. We analyzed demographic, imaging, and behavioral data from the prospective population-based Hamburg City Health Study. Using a fully prespecified analysis pipeline, we estimated discrete brain states from structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In a multiverse analysis, we varied brain parcellations and functional MRI confound regression strategies. The severity of cSVD was operationalized as the volume of white matter hyperintensities of presumed vascular origin. Processing speed and executive dysfunction were quantified using the Trail Making Test (TMT). We hypothesized a) that a greater volume of supratentorial white matter hyperintensities would be associated with less time spent in functional MRI-derived brain states of high fractional occupancy; and b) that less time spent in these high-occupancy brain states associated with a longer time to completion in part B of the TMT. High-occupancy brain states were characterized by activation or suppression of the default mode network. Every 5.1-fold increase in WMH volume was associated with a 0.94-fold reduction in the odds of occupying DMN-related brain states (P = 5.01×10−8). Every 5% increase in time spent in high-occupancy brain states was associated with a 0.98-fold reduction in the TMT-B completion time (P = 0.0116). Findings were robust across most brain parcellations and confound regression strategies. In conclusion, we successfully replicated previous findings on the association between cSVD, functional brain occupancy, and cognition in an independent sample. The data provide further evidence for a functional network dedifferentiation hypothesis of cSVD-related cognitive impairment. Further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these associations.
Firm-Level Uncertainty and the Transmission of Monetary Policy
Authors: Lakdawala Aeimit , Moreland Timothy
Published: March 2024

We show that firms which face higher uncertainty adjust their investment less in response to monetary policy shocks. We find corroborating evidence of this differential effect from firm-level stock returns on FOMC announcement days. Our results are consistent with a real options (or “wait-and-see”) channel whereby higher uncertainty dampens the response to changes in business conditions. Consistent with this mechanism the dampening effect is stronger for firms that face higher reversibility costs of investment.
Weak Identification in Low-Dimensional Factor Models with One or Two Factors
Authors: Cox Gregory Fletcher
Published: March 2024

This paper describes how to reparameterize low-dimensional factor models with one or two factors to fit weak identification theory developed for generalized method of moments models. Some identification-robust tests, here called “plug-in” tests, require a reparameterization to distinguish weakly identified parameters from strongly identified parameters. The reparameterizations in this paper make plug-in tests available for subvector hypotheses in low-dimensional factor models with one or two factors. Simulations show that the plug-in tests are less conservative than identification-robust tests that use the original parameterization. An empirical application to a factor model of parental investments in children is included.
Wagler vs. Fitzinger: Leposternon microcephalus, a fight over gender (Sauria, Amphisbaenidae)
Authors: DENZER WOLFGANG
Published: March 2024

This short note provides some insight into an academic “battle” between early 19th century herpetologists about a small but interesting nomenclatural issue, namely the grammatically correct gender of a species epithet. Most texts used in the current note (Wagler in Spix 1824; Fitzinger 1826a‒b; Schlegel 1826; Wagler 1827) were published in 19th century German, which sometimes made use of vocabulary that is no longer employed nowadays. The old German texts are translated here into English in a way that they reflect modern language as much as possible.
A new species of Ophiomegistus Banks (Acari: Paramegistidae) from Papua New Guinea
Authors: KLOMPEN HANS , AUSTIN CHRISTOPHER C.
Published: March 2024

A new species of Ophiomegistus, O. spectabilis, is described from New Guinea. This represents the 13th species of this genus from New Guinea skinks. A re-evaluation of host and locality data for the genus shows a host range restricted to squamates, especially skinks, but no obvious specificity for individual skink species. Specificity for small geographical areas seems more likely.
Three new species of Cancellariidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) from northeast Brazil with first record of Gergovia for the Atlantic ocean
Authors: DE BARROS JOSÉ C. N. , DE LIMA SILVIO F. B.
Published: March 2024

Brocchinia verheckeni n. sp. and Brocchinia harasewychi n. sp. are described from several stations from 340 to 720m on the Continental Slope off Northeast Brazil. Brocchinia verheckeni occurred from the states of Ceará to Sergipe, and B. harasewychi was collected from the states of Pernambuco to Alagoas. Both species are considered endemic to these regions. This is the second record of the genus Brocchinia Jousseaume, 1887 in deep waters off Brazil. Brocchinia harasewychi has a protoconch with 1 ¼ whorls, which is more inflated in comparison to B. verheckeni, the body whorl has 3 spiral cords, the uppermost bordering the suture and the other 2 near mid-whorl. The body whorl of Brocchinia verheckeni has 3 strongly nodulose spiral cords and an outer lip with 5 to 6 internal denticles, while that of B. harasewychi has a smooth outer lip. The genus Gergovia Cossmann, 1899 is recorded for the first time in the Atlantic Ocean with the description of Gergovia petiti n. sp., known only from the oceanic region from Northeast Brazil, occurring from the state of Ceará to the state of Bahia, as well as in the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, probably living in the muddy substrate at depths of between 206 and 720 meters.
Rediscovery and lectotypification of Rohdea wattii (C.B.Clarke) Yamashita & M.N.Tamura (Asparagaceae) from Manipur, India
Authors: DHATCHANAMOORTHY NARAYANASAMY , DEVANATHAN KRISHNAMOORTHY , LOKHO KRENI , BEGUM SYEDA NOORUNNISA , BALACHANDRAN NATESAN
Published: March 2024

Rohdea wattii (C.B. Clarke) Yamashita & M.N. Tamura is a subtropical Asiatic species rediscovered after the type collection with a gap of 137 years from Manipur, India. Detailed taxonomic description, color plate, ecology, and nomenclature notes have been provided for this potential economically valuable wild ornamental species. Lectotype for the name R. wattii (≡Campylandra wattii C.B. Clarke) is designated here.
Supplementary characters of Bursaphelenchus lini Braasch, 2004 (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) and remarks on this nematode
Authors: BRAASCH HELEN , BRANDSTETTER MARTIN , BURGERMEISTER WOLFGANG
Published: March 2024

The description of Bursaphelenchus lini Braasch, 2004 is completed and corrected according to SEM micrographs taken from newly-found specimens obtained from Ningbo, China. Whereas the presence of three lateral lines outlined in the original description was confirmed, the number of caudal papillae pairs has to be corrected as being two only, one subventral preanal pair and one ventral postanal pair in front of the terminal bursa. The third ventrosublateral pair, originally described as closely posterior to the cloaca, was revealed to be an artefact. The rectangular and crystal like objects, which were observed in the posterior half of the body in several type specimens were not found in newly-found populations. Therefore, the presence of these rectangular objects has no diagnostic value. Affiliation of the newly-found specimens to the species B. lini was confirmed by ITS-RFLP analysis. As an additional biological character, B. lini has always been found accompanied by B. xylophilus.
Descriptions of genus Downsiomyia Vargas (Diptera: Culicidae: Aedini) and its type species Do. nivea (Ludlow)
Authors: REINERT JOHN F. , HARBACH RALPH E.
Published: March 2024

Genus Downsiomyia and its type species, Do. nivea (Ludlow), are described in detail. The 30 species included in the genus are listed. An extensive list of previous literature pertaining to the genus is provided.
Allocapnia sano, a new species of snowfly (Plecoptera: Capniidae) from Alabama, U.S.A., plus six new state records
Authors: GRUBBS SCOTT A.
Published: March 2024

A new eastern Nearctic snowfly species of the genus Allocapnia Claassen (Plecoptera: Capniidae) is described from Alabama, U.S.A. The male of the new species, A. sano, is distinguished from closely-related A. loshada Ricker and A. sequatchie Kondratieff and Kirchner by terminalia characters. In addition, new Alabama state records are reported for Zealeuctra fraxina Ricker & Ross, Amphinemura appalachia Baumann, A. mockfordi (Ricker), A. wui (Claassen), Oemopteryx contorta (Needham & Claassen), and Alloperla chloris Frison.
Macrocydia divergens, a new genus and species of Grapholitini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae) from Central America
Authors: BROWN JOHN W. , BAIXERAS JOAQUIN
Published: March 2024

Macrocydia divergens Brown and Baixeras, new genus and new species, from Costa Rica and Panama, is described and illustrated. The new genus can be distinguished from other Grapholitini by its remarkably large size, distinctive pale forewing pattern, and elongate, porrect labial palpi. Other interesting morphological features of diagnostic value include female frenulum with two bristles (three in most Tortricidae), female genitalia with a single large signum (paired in most Grapholitini), and a well-defined chorda and M-stem in the forewing venation. Owing to its highly divergent appearance and the relatively unremarkable male and female genitalia of the single included species, which are similar to many species of Cydia and Grapholita, it is not possible to identify the closest relative of Macrocydia.
The species of Chalcididae (Hymenoptera) parasitoids of Parides ascanius (Cramer), an endangered Papilionidae (Lepidoptera) from restingas of Southeastern Brazil
Authors: TAVARES MARCELO T. , NAVARRO-TAVARES ANDREA B. , DE ALMEIDA GILBERTO D.S.S.
Published: March 2024

Four species of Chalcididae (Hymenoptera) associated with Paride s ascanius (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) are presented. Brachymeri a koehler i Blanchard and B. nigrit ibialis, sp. n., are recorded as hyperparasitoids through Le spesia sp. (Diptera: Tachinidae). Brachyme ria m nestor (Walker) and Con ura paride s , sp. n., are recorded as primary parasitoids. These are the first records of parasitoid species associated with P. ascanius.
Andrabia biprocessa (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae), new species and first record of the genus from China
Authors: ZHANG YALIN , YANG MEIXIA
Published: March 2024

Andrabia Ahmed is recorded for the first time from China and a new species, Andrabia biprocessa sp.nov., is described from China. General characteristics of Andrabia Ahmed and a key to world species of the genus Andrabia are provided. A detailed morphological description and illustrations of the new species are provided.
Additional types of Heteroptera housed at the Museo de La Plata, Argentina
Authors: COSCARON MARÍA DEL CARMEN , MAGNANELLI MARCO ANDRES
Published: March 2024

Ninety-six additional type specimens of Heteroptera (Colobathristidae, Miridae, and Rhyparochromidae) housed at the Museo de La Plata, Argentina (División Entomología) were examined and listed, and up-to-date information on categories of types and collecting provided. These types were described by the following authors: Carpintero & Estevez (1), Carvalho & Carpintero (57), Carvalho & Costa (1), Coscarón & Dellapé (1), and Dellapé (1)
Heterocarpus tenuidentatus, a new species of shrimp from the Solomon Islands (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea, Pandalidae)
Authors: CLEVA RÉGIS , CROSNIER ALAIN
Published: March 2024

Heterocarpus tenuidentatus n. sp. is described from an ovigerous female collected off the Solomon Islands at a depth of between 814 and 980 meters. It is distinguished by a branchiostegal carina that extends along two thirds of the carapace, this being the only long, sharp carina on the lateral part of the carapace. It is also characterized by having the rostrum scarcely longer than half the length of the carapace, the small size of the upper rostral and postrostral teeth, the proportionally wide blade of the scaphocerite, and by being larger in size than any other Heterocarpus species.
A systematic study of the genus Dinera Robineau-Desvoidy from the Palaearctic and Oriental regions (Diptera: Tachinidae)
Authors: ZHANG CHUN-TIAN , SHIMA HIROSHI
Published: March 2024

The genus Dinera Robineau-Desvoidy from the Palaearctic and Oriental regions is revised; six described species are recognized, viz. D. carinifrons (Fallén), D. ferina (Fallén), D. grisescens (Fallén), D. longirostris Villeneuve, D. miranda (Mesnil) and D. takanoi (Mesnil), and 12 species are described as new to science: D. alticola, D. angustifrons, D. brevipalpis, D. chaoi, D. fuscata, D. maculosa, D. meridionalis, D. orientalis, D. setifacies, D. sichuanensis, D. similis and D. xuei. A key to the 18 species of Dinera and 66 diagnostic figures of the male terminalia are given.
A new species of Amphipoea Billberg, 1820, from northwestern Iran (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: ZAHIRI REZA , FIBIGER MICHAEL
Published: March 2024

Amphipoea maryamae, sp. n., is described from the low mountains of West Azerbaijan province in northwestern Iran. The habitat is semi-steppe with herbaceous vegetation and scattered trees. Adults and male and female genitalia are described and illustrated and compared with presumably closely related Amphipoea species. The genus Amphipoea previously was unrecorded from Iran.
Three new species of the seasonal killifish genus Simpsonichthys, subgenus Hypsolebias (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from the rio Paracatu drainage, rio São Francisco basin, Brazil
Authors: COSTA WILSON J.E.M. , BRASIL GILBERTO C.
Published: March 2024

Three new species of the neotropical seasonal killifish genus Simpsonichthys are described from the middle rio Paracatu drainage of the middle rio São Francisco basin, Brazil. Simpsonichthys virgulatus is a typical member of the S. notatus species group, diagnosed by the derived A-pattern frontal squamation and presence of blue spots on distal margin of the dorsal fin in males. It is similar to S. trilineatus and S. auratus in having the anterior portion of the flanks golden, with dark brown to black blotches in males, and differs from those species by having more blotches on the flank, bars present on the caudal peduncle, and hyaline pectoral fins in males. Simpsonichthys fasciatus is similar to S. alternatus and S. delucai in having the combination of anal fin rounded in males and anal fin spatula-shaped in females, but differs in having the dorsal-fin origin anteriorly positioned and a dark gray to black stripe on the distal margin of dorsal fin in males. Simpsonichthys gibberatus differs from all other congeners by the pronounced and convex profile of the anterodorsal portion of the body in females.