bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Report on Congenital Heart Disease with Miliary Tuberculosis
Authors: Samiksha Tamgadge  , Sheetal Sakharkar  , Roshan Umate
Published: November 2022

Background: Miliary tuberculosis is the widespread dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is the result of hematogenous dissemination and is characterized by extensive miliary mottling of lungs and involvement of the spleen, liver, and other tissues. It may be found as pulmonary type or septicemic type or meningitic type. Coarctation of the Aorta is a distinct narrowing or long segment hypoplasia of the aortic arch, usually distal to the subclavian artery. The narrow aortic lumen may exist as preductal or postductal obstruction which depends upon the position of the obstruction about the ductus arteriosus. The lesion obstructs blood flow through the aorta, resulting in increased pressure and effort of the left ventricle. Patient presentation: We are presenting an 8-year-old male child who visited the pediatric outpatient unit with the symptoms of fever, cough, and increased work of breathing, he was admitted to PICU. He was a known case of congenital heart disease. He was diagnosed to have congenital heart disease at the age of 3 years when he was admitted to the hospital due to the bluish coloration of his palms and soles. He had a fever (100 degrees F), cough, and increased work of breathing for 15 days during normal daily activities. The patient had undergone a 2-D Echo showing a parachute mitral valve. He was treated with antibiotics and maintained saturation on O2 by CPAP. Symptoms such as Respiratory distress and cough are relieved after maintaining saturation O2 and medications. Conclusion: Coarctation of the Aorta is typically present at birth (congenital heart defect). Mild to severe symptoms are possible. The illness might not be discovered until an adult. Coarctation of the Aorta frequently coexists with other congenital cardiac abnormalities. There are different methods employed for the treatment of CoA in adults, including surgical or percutaneous balloon angioplasty with or without stent placement, and medical therapy. Miliary Tuberculosis is one type of tuberculosis. This condition is rare in people with a normal immune system. It’s more common in people whose immune system isn’t working right. This is called being immunocompromised. Often your lungs, bone marrow, and liver are affected by miliary TB, but it can also spread to the lining of your heart, your spinal cord and brain, and other parts of your body. Treatment strategies in a patient with Miliary tuberculosis require the same treatment as Tuberculosis (Antibiotics).
Case Report on Kawasaki Disease with Rectal Prolapse
Authors: Sanket Madavi  , Samruddhi Gujar  , Roshan Umate
Published: November 2022

Background: Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome and infantile polyarthritis nodes are other names for Kawasaki illness, which is characterized by inflammation of the walls of various blood vessels in the body. It is particularly common among children and adolescents. Case presentation: A 6-year-old male child was brought by his parent to the pediatric unit after suffering from high-grade intermittent fevers of up to 102°F for three days, mild dehydration, tachycardia, rhinorrhea, cough, oropharyngeal changes, and oral thrush. He has a history of the previous hospitalization for a mild case of rectal prolapse which was pushed into place manually. On physical examination, he was agitated, febrile, and had a body temperature of 102°F. He also had mild swelling in the lymph node, no pallor but some dehydration, tachycardia (130 bpm), a respiratory rate of 35 breaths per minute, redness of the tongue, redness of the sole, a skin rash, and edematous lips. Later he was treated with antiplatelets, antibiotics, and intravenous fluids. Conclusion: Kawasaki disease (KD), an unusual kind of systemic inflammation, is most frequently found in children below the age of five. Due to the maternal antibodies' protective qualities, Kawasaki disease is rarely diagnosed in infants under the age of four months. There are ten to twenty occurrences per 100,000 children under five. The most well-known cause of acquired cardiovascular disease in newborns and young children is Kawasaki disease. If recognized and treated promptly, kids feel better in a few days and have a low risk of developing long-term heart issues.
Management and outcome of Scrotal Abscess
Authors: Sayali Gujar  , Bhawana Dhanvij  , Vaishnavi Kantode  , Aniket Pathade
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION: An abscess that is either superficial or intrascrotal is known as a scrotal abscess (see illustration below). Infected hair follicles, infections from scrotal lacerations, or small scrotal procedures are the causes of the superficial scrotal abscess. An internal pus collection in the scrotum is referred to as a scrotal abscess. The skin pouch that houses the testicles is known as the scrotum. There are numerous potential causes of this illness. It could result from a bacterial infection in the urethra or bladder that is left untreated. Scrotum infection is a possibility. In addition, sexually transmitted illnesses may be the cause of the syndrome (STDs). Chlamydia and gonorrhea are a couple of STD examples. A supportive tumor that affects the outermost layers of the scrotal wall and is surrounded by erythema is known as a scrotal abscess. A small pustule or papule may typically enlarge over time with increased pain, indurations, or fluctuance as part of the history. Fever and constitutional symptoms are typically absent.Patient History: -Patient 36-year-old male admitted to the hospital patient was apparently alright 3 days back when he started complaining of pus coming out of the scrotum 3 days it was sudden in onset with progressive it was associated with pain, radiating, aggravated by physical activity and not relieved by medication. Presenting Complaints and Investigation: The patient 36-year-old male admitted to the hospital with pus coming out of his scrotum, patient was apparently alright 3 days back when he started complaining of pus coming out of his scrotum since 3 days it was sudden in onset with progressive it was associated with pain, on radiating, aggravated by physical activity and not relieved by medication. Hb-13.4, MCHV-33.6,MCV-83.6,MCH-28.1,Total RBC Count-4.76,Total Platelet Count-3.24,HCT- 39.8,Monocytes-03,USG- Right sided epididymitis with changes of cellulitis in right inguinal region reactive right-sided inguinal lymphadenopathy. Past History: No prior hospitalizations or medical or surgical illnesses in the past. The main diagnosis, therapeutic intervention, and outcome: secondary suturing secondary to incision and drainage of scrotal abscess, Treatment- injceftriaxone1gmivbd, injpiptaz4.5gmivtds, injdoxycycline10mgbd,t.doxyxyline100mgbd,t.chymoralforte2tabstds,t.zifi200mgbd,t.urgendolpbd,t.pantoprazole40mgod,t.limceeod,t.supradynod, t. dolo 650 mg od Conclusion: In order to stop the condition from progressing, it is crucial to remove abscess and pus as soon as possible and provide rapid diagnosis and treatment. Opportunities to improve results are provided through early detection and intervention.
Case report on Organophosphate Poisoning with hypovolemic shock
Authors: Shardul Timande  , Shalini Moon  , Archana Teltumbde  , Aniket Pathade
Published: November 2022

Background: Organophosphate poisoning can result from occupational or accidental exposure, intentional ingestion, or chemical warfare with nerve agents. Symptoms vary widely due to differences in dosage, drug toxicity, and mode of exposure. Of the 44 patients, features of the intermediate syndrome were observed in 40 (90.9%) of 95% of her CI patients (84.2 97.6) in the study. A frequency of intermediate syndrome signs such as weakness in neck flexion, inability to sit, and difficulty swallowing was observed in patients. The observed mortality in this study was 2 of his inpatients (4.5%). Case presentation: -A 52-year-old male who had ingested pesticide while spraying a farm was involved in an accident by a relative. He also had a cut on his right wrist from his older brother. He had 2-3 episodes of vomiting per day and had a generalized weakness. He was taken to hospital. He has struggled with chronic alcoholism for 15 years. He was admitted to the intensive care unit for further treatment. WBC raised (17800) in the blood study, but haemoglobin dropped (9.6), calcium levels dropped (7.2), and creatinine rose. The GCS score for the physical examination is 12. Constricted pupils in the eyes, tightness in the chest, wheezing, increased sweating, salivation, and lacrimation, as well as GI symptoms like nausea, vomiting, cramps, watery diarrhoea, and involuntary urine and defecation. He received Emset, antibiotics, and gastric lavage as treatment. Patients’ conditions improve after treatment. Conclusion: -Insecticide ingestion results in organophosphate poisoning and hypovolemic shock. The diagnosis of parenteral OP compound poisoning is difficult. The onset of symptoms may be delayed, and they may show differently than usual. He experienced a hypovolemic shock as a result of significant blood loss from a cut wound.
Case Report on Unilateral Right Acoustic Schwannoma operated for open decompression craniotomy
Authors: Tushar Thote  , Sheetal Sakharkar  , Roshan Umate
Published: November 2022

Background: A benign tumor known as an acoustic neuroma can form on the auditory nerves that connect the inner ear to the brain and control balance and hearing. Hearing loss and unbalance could result from the tumor's pressure on the nerve. Case presentation: A 52 years old female patient came to the medicine outpatient department with the chief complaint of headache for 8 days and vertigo while walking for 10 days then she develops a hearing loss in the right ear and later imbalance while walking in the previous month. She had a history of accidental injury to the left eyelid, eyebrow, and left cheek. Firstly, computed tomography (CT) scan has been done and after that magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was advised to the patient. Currently, she is operated on for open decompression craniotomy where excision of the tumor was done under general anesthesia after obtaining physical fitness for surgery. Afterward, she was treated with antibiotics, analgesics, and anti-inflammatory medicines, and post-surgery CT was done. Conclusion: Schwann cells that surround the vestibular nerve, typically in the internal auditory canal, can give rise to benign tumors called acoustic schwannomas. Although the findings on CT and MRI were unusual for acoustic schwannomas, minor acoustic schwannomas might also be found and removed during surgery in addition to the huge cysts.
Case Report on Brain Stem Glioma
Authors: Urvashi Kapgate  , Bibin Kurian  , Aniket Pathade
Published: November 2022

Brain stem glioma is one of the diseases of CNS. It is brain and spinal cord tumor. It is a type of tumor caused when healthy cells in the brain stem change and increase abnormally and forms a mass that mass called as tumor. This tumor may be malignant. It grows abnormally and spread other parts of body. Glioma is a tumor, it grows from glial cell is supportive cell in the brain. A 13 year old male patient presented in neurology ward with the chief complaint of difficulty chewing and swallowing food, drooping of the face on left side, difficulty while talking, weakness in the left arms and legs, unable to walk along with Headache and Vomiting. After examination and specific investigation following blood test, cytology and MRI scan, the patient was diagnosed as brain stem glioma. Initial management was done by Physician by antibiotic, intravenous fluid, some vitamin and nutritional supplement and diuretics to remove fluid into body. Following the appropriate treatment patient’s condition improved day by day.
Case Report on Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor
Authors: Vaishnavi Gautam  , Ranjana Sharma  , Arati raut  , Samruddhi Gujar  , Roshan Umate
Published: November 2022

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNST) are an uncommon type of cancer that spreads from the brain stem into the body and affects the covering of the nerves. Anywhere in the body can develop MPNST, but the deep tissues of the arms, legs, and trunk are where they most frequently occur. They result in discomfort and lethargy, mostly in the affected region, and it may develop a bulge or tumour. A 22-year-old woman presented in cancer ward with the complaints of right lower limb pain with the pain score of 4/10, the intensity of pain aggravates while sitting or performing activity and relieves while at rest, also felt heaviness since 7 months. A vast blood investigation was carried out. MRI and Biopsy were done to make her diagnosis. After following investigations, she was diagnosed as a “malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours”. Initially she was started on I.V. fluids, analgesics and injectables on the day of admission. Retroperitoneal mass excision was performed under general anaesthesia. Patient’s prognosis remains good.
Effectiveness of mind-body intervention on oocyte quality and serum cortisol level in sub-fertile women undergoing IVF treatment in Wardha region: A Study Protocol
Authors: Dipali More  , Vilas Chimurkar  , Bhagyashree Bhandekar
Published: November 2022

The grounds of the contemporaneous examination is to evaluate the association in unite repercussions of mind-body intercession and serum cortisol measures and eggs attributes. The cognizance that psychical stress may avert females from accomplishing and keeping up a gestation has become vastly received. Mind-body intercession incorporates calmness, optimistic make-believe, biofeedback, balm, meditation, rumination, yoga, and more. All these acts work discreetly to help someone alleviate illness. Mind-body interventions (MBIs) may be an efficacious implement to assist females to cope with the ultimatum of infertility pinpointing and ministration Objective of this study is to sensitize all sub fertile females about the study, to investigate serum cortisol level of sub fertile females and to investigate the quality of oocyte of sub fertile females. This non-invasive methodology appends a set down of ministration history and the manifestations. Advice will be given to all the patients for research. Additional convention appends checking of oocytes quality after mind-body intercession in the second cycle of IVF after retrieving poor quality of oocytes in the first cycle and failure of the cycle due to it.
Effectiveness of mind-body intervention on oocyte quality and serum cortisol level in sub-fertile women undergoing IVF treatment in Wardha region: A Study Protocol
Authors: Deher Kaur  , Akash More  , Ujwal Gajbe  , Deepti Shrivastava
Published: November 2022

In last 4 decades, the treatment of infertility has changed fundamentally and has been used increasingly in the whole world. Fresh embryo transfer and vitrified thawed embryo transfer are the two methods that are preferred. Nowadays, freeze all cycles are much more involved in the treatment of infertility. Maternal complications are found to be lesser in pregnancy arising from the cryopreserved thawed embryo transfers. Women undergoing frozen embryo transfer are found to have good ovarian reserve with a lower risk of preterm birth. But the occurrence of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome is found to be more in cryopreserved embryo transfer than in fresh embryo transfer. The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is found to be same in both types of embryo transfers. Objective of the study is to correlate the β-HCG outcome of fresh and frozen embryo shifting, to correlate pregnancy complications in patients with fresh and frozen embryo shifting, to identify various reasons for pregnancy complications and to establish criteria for selection of embryo transfer type (Fresh/Frozen). This invasive methodology includes a recording of the treatment history and the indications. Counseling of all the participants for research will be done. The further protocol includes evaluation of outcomes of both the techniques by comparing its complications in pregnancy.
Dose Optimization and Image Quality in Digital Radiography: A Review Article
Authors: Juhi Barai  , Suhas Tivaskar  , Apeksha Sable  , Anurag Luharia
Published: November 2022

Imaging techniques have been upgraded due to the invention of digital radiography. This advancement has made a massive change in the development of diagnostic procedures. This technique has displaced conventional radiography with digital methods of radiography. This radiography technique was accepted in all kinds of radiography, excluding mammography. There are many assets of using a digital process for imaging, like good quality of image with less dose. It gave accurate diagnosis for assured quality of image with high resolution and to avoid overdose proper guidelines are needed. The technician should be well trained and have adequate knowledge of the appropriate use of digital radiography. The flat detector system depicts a more efficient way to form an image of high quality with a low dose; the quality of the image increases due to the storage phosphor. Many institutions have accepted this digital radiography as it has proven beneficial for diagnostic procedures. Digital radiography has a flat panel detector that results in a high-resolution image. It has been noticed that screen-film radiography has been superseded by Digital radiography. Nowadays, manufacturers have made many improvements derived from the detector and different technology to Digital radiography equipment. Due to digital imaging techniques, x-rays are allowed to store digitally that can use anytime by adjusting contrast according to the interest of vision. This technology has given assurity of not losing any radiograph and allows dispensing throughout hospitals digital by online technology derived from the web. There are so many assets of using digital radiography as it increases patient count. The vigorous high scale of the digital detector with as low as possible radiation dose for the proper usage of this technology, radiologists and radiographers should have adequate knowledge of various technical postulates & image calibre. They should know how to tackle the problem of overexposure or radiation dose.
Comparative study of effect of GnRH protocols on the quality and the quantity of oocytes retrieved and embryos form
Authors: Mallikarjunayya Mathapati  , Akash More  , Ujwal Gajbe  , Deepti Shrivastava
Published: November 2022

Background: Correlation of GnRH long Agonist protocol and GnRH short Antagonist protocol-quality applying in Assisted Reproductive Technology, we studied which protocol is better to make good quality embryos, oocyte and out come of in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. GnRH has important part in manage ovarian stimulation. Effect of GnRH analogous on embryos and oocytes equality. GnRH Antagonist detected successful for ovarian simulation. Oocyte and quality of embryos are very crucial for positive result in in-vitro fertilization.Objectives: The objectives include study of GnRH long Agonist Protocol, Study of GnRH Short Antagonist Protocol and to Correlate it’s Effect on Quality of embryos and oocytes.Methodology: This is invasive methodology giving intra muscular injection in both protocol long Agonist and Short antagonist then we check the follicles size and numbers under USG. Inj HCG given before 34hr of ovum pick up. Oocytes retrieved examined oocyte quality and numbers. Then we will perform ICSI or IVF then check embryos forms and grade in which protocol given good embryos. We transfer embryos blastocyst and morula stage. Β-HCG done after 14 days of embryo transfer.
Age And Sex Determination Using CT scan Nasal Bone Imaging
Authors: Sakshi Dudhbade  , Suhas Tivaskar  , Juhi Barai  , Anurag Luharia
Published: November 2022

Age and sex determination are crucial in the biological identification of the remaining skeleton, especially in forensic circumstances. This study's main important focus is to gauge the dimension such as distance, width, size, and structure of the cranial bone. It still becomes most laborious when the body has been reduced to a skeleton. Between men and women: In men, the height or width of the nasal bone is higher than in women. The cranial capacity is higher in females as compared to males. The main task of this examination was sex estimation through the geometric morphometric analysis of the frontal bone. Occurred distinction in structure and magnitude through the glabellar region. The parameters of different components are used to determine sex, i.e., nasal aperture, etc.; Multi-Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT) helps in sex determination. MDCT plays a vital role in identifying age, sex, and determination using scans of various cranial bone parts. Computed tomography provides good image acquisition, greater spatial resolution, and excellent accuracy. This study's focus on forensics is to estimate the measurements such as length, width, etc. Glabella separated the female and male skulls with reasonable accuracy. For sex determination, mastoid size, nasal height measurements, and various anthropometric methods are used. Some studies indicate a distinguished purpose that also helps to determine the sex from the remaining skeleton. The main motive of this study is to present sex using a piriform aperture from a fragmented skull. The mean value of nasal height, nasal width, and nasal index is higher in men than women. The growth nasal septum is monitored in paediatrics for one year because the paediatrics gradually develop nasal septum during one year. In forensic circumstances, there is only one anatomical structure to determine sex and ages better. The lower region of the face is more different than the upper section of the face. In the Gastrointestinal intestinal period, nose length rises from 3.3 mm to roughly 16 weeks. At different ages, nose parameter is identified using MRI and magnetic resonance imaging; nasal structure and size are constant or growing after 35-year man and women. After a period of 45-year, thickness in the soft tissue of craniofacial.
The Role of Computed Tomography in carcinoma of the breast: Review Article
Authors: Shweta Mandavkar  , Suhas Tivaskar  , Juhi Barai  , Anurag Luharia
Published: November 2022

Breast malignancy is the most prevalent condition which occurs in young females. Breast malignancy frequently recurs in the axilla. The axilla is a common site for breast cancer recurrence. A nodal tumor can be felt, and computed tomography (C.T.) is usually used to differentiate reoccurring malignancy from the long-term surgery's consequences and radiation. The patient had a bulge that couldn't be felt, and C.T. was utilized to determine if a recurrent tumor was present. Because this patient's axilla had previously been irradiated, clinical examination was challenging. Only one patient had a lump that could not be palpated; thus, C.T. was utilized to rule out the possibility of a recurrent tumor. Clinical examination was impossible due to a previously irradiated 'wooden' axilla. C.T. scans failed to reveal the recurrence of cancer in the axilla. We conclude it is only beneficial when palpation of the axilla is difficult due to previous treatment. Careful palpation and aspiration cytology of any lump is key to diagnosing axillary tumor recurrence. A CT scan is unlikely to detect illness when there is no bulk on clinical examination. For decades, the chance of a breast cancer recurrence in the local-regional area following mastectomy has remained around the lo-30% range. External beam radiation therapy, the standard treatment, is effective in most cases in eradicating local illness, although recurrences occur in around half of the patients. Since 1982, 33 persons who have had such recurrences have obtained a computed tomography (C.T.) scan at our facility as it's all part of their diagnostic process. Accurate characterization and categorization of breast lump detected with C.T. enhance the value of the radiologist's report and contribute to relevant case management.
PSYCHOSENSOMETRIC STUDY (EYE TRACKER) ON THE LEVELS OF PERSUASION IN THE WOMEN'S PERFUMERY INDUSTRY
Authors: Cristian Oswaldo Guerra Flores  , Dante Ayaviri Nina  , Olga Maritza Rodríguez Ulcuanjo  , Danilo Fernando Fernández Vinueza
Published: November 2022

Thanks to technological progress, communicational activities are more efficient, because before being published they are studied through psychosensometric equipment such as an eye tracker, which allows knowing what advertising content the consumer really looks at. The research determines the level of persuasion that has a well-designed advertising against the feminine perfumery of the brands Lancome, Caroline Herrera, and Chanel. For this purpose, neuromarketing tools were used, such as the EyeTracker, which allowed to know the exact points of fixation in each of the advertisements and at the same time it was complemented with elements of traditional market research (survey). This allowed obtaining more field data on the communication designed by the brands under study; therefore, it was identified that the people under study prefer Carolina Herrera's advertising since its advertising is better designed, its elements are distributed in a better way and it does not contain distracting points.
Synthesis and studying biological activity of new benzothiazole derivatives
Authors: Dhurgham Qasim Shaheed  , Jawad Alshams  , Ihsan Alrubaie  , Hayder Kadhim Abbas  , Ali Jabbar Radhi
Published: November 2022

A variety of novel tetrazole derivatives attached to the β-lactam ring was made utilizing heptanitrile in a reaction with generated azide-β-lactam derivatives, and these compounds were then studied using IR and NMR spectroscopy. Biological testing showed that most of the final compounds showed good antibacterial and antifungal activity, particularly derivative (b3), which shown antifungal and antibacterial efficacy that was on par with or even superior to that of the reference drugs Fluconazole and Amoxicillin.
Biodiesel Production from Grilled Chicken Oil Using Hexane as a Co-Solvent
Authors: Mohammed Hasan Alwan  , Mohammed Abbas Fadhil Al-Samarraie  , Noor K. Yaseen
Published: November 2022

As a result of the high prices of traditional fuels and the pollution problems resulting from the use of this type of fuel, there was an urgent need to search for actual alternatives that directly contribute to reducing global dependence on traditional fuels and reducing the percentage of pollution. Therefore, biofuels are distinguished in solving part of these problems. This research dealt with fuel production Bio-fuel from grilled chicken oil waste innovatively, we have never found its use, so this research relied on the production of biofuel from grilled chicken oil waste using hexane as a co-solvent through the one-step exchange esterification process hexane is reused again through the distillation process. At a low temperature, it had a major role in increasing the yield, reducing the reaction time and reaction temperature, and reducing the ratio of ethanol used to the oil ratio, as well as improving the standard specifications of the resulting fuel. the fuel produced in this way is suitable for mixing with traditional fuels and for use.
Petrogenesis and tectonomagmatic setting of gabbroic rocks in the Gisel area (northern Iran)
Authors: Farzaneh Farahi  , Saeed Taki  , Mojgan Salavati
Published: November 2022

The Alborz-Azerbaijan magmatic zone in northern Iran is one of the important zones of magmatic activity in the Cenozoic. Lithologically, this complex consists of olivine gabbro, monzogabbro, dolerite, and gabbro with granular, intergranular, and porphyritic textures. The main phenocrysts of these rocks are clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and sometimes iddingsitized olivine. The rocks producing magma has potassic and shoshonitic nature. Enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs), i.e., Ba, Rb, and Th, and depletion of high-field strength elements (HFSEs), i.e., Ti and Nb, in the spider diagrams are of the characteristics of subduction and active continental margin rocks. Also, these diagrams show enrichment in the light rare earth elements (LREEs) compared to heavy rare earth elements (HREEs). This feature also is representative of the rocks of subduction zones and active continental margins. The geochemical and petrogenetic studies indicate unique origin of the intrusive rocks in the study area and the role of fractional crystallization with simultaneous crustal assimilation (AFC) and magma contamination with crustal rocks in the evolution of the magma forming these rocks. This magma is obtained from the low-degree partial melting of an enriched mantle source beneath the continental lithosphere with garnet lherzolite composition at a depth of 100 to 110 km in a post-collision extensional basin.
ADAPTATION OF THE EFFECT OF CHROMIUM MİNERAL SUPPLEMENT ON SERUM IRISIN, LEPTIN AND GHRELIN HORMONE LEVELS TO EXERCISE TRAININGS
Authors: Mustafa Sencer ULAMA  , Mücahit SARİKAYA
Published: November 2022

This work; It is aimed to adapt the Effect of Chromium Mineral Supplement on Serum Irisin, Leptin and Ghrelin Hormone Levels to Exercise Trainings. For this purpose; A total of 28 male rats of eight weeks old Wistar Albino were included in the study and randomly divided into four groups. The control group (n=7) who continued to be fed with a daily diet and waited for eight weeks without any supplementation; The exercise group in which the treadmill exercise was performed at a speed of 15 m/min on the treadmill for five days for eight weeks (n=7); supplementation group (n=7) given chromium picolinate by gavage method (8 μg / kg/day) once a day for eight weeks in addition to daily dietary nutrition; In addition to dietary nutrition, a single dose (8 μg/kg/day) chromium picolinate was given by gavage for eight weeks and supplemented + exercise group (n=7) in which 20 min/day treadmill exercise was performed for eight weeks. At the end of the studies, which lasted for a total of 10 weeks with two weeks of adaptation exercises, blood samples were taken with the decapitations of the rats. Irisin, leptin and ghrelin analyzes in blood samples were studied by preparing them according to the kit procedure with the elisa method. According to the data we obtained, the normality homogeneity test was applied and it was determined that the data were normally distributed. As a result, one way anova test and paired sample t test were applied from parametric tests (p<0.05 statistically significant difference was accepted) and tukey test was applied to determine the difference between groups. SPSS-21 package program was used in the analysis of the data (p< 0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference). Correlation test was used to determine the relationship between variables. As a result, treadmill exercise applied at a speed of 20 minutes, 15 km/h, 5 days a week for eight weeks, and chromium mineral supplementation decreased the hormone level of ghrelin, thus reducing the need for food intake and less energy consumption. It was found that the use of chromium picolinate alone had a lowering effect on the leptin hormone, and that it also reduced the leptin hormone level in long-term exercise, that the combination of chromium picolinate supplement and exercise further reduced the already low leptin level compared to the chromium group and exercise group. We found that the level was significantly reduced.
Inhibition of Streptococcus Agalactiae Biofilm Formation in Response to Purified Phytochemical Antimicrobial Materials
Authors: Safa Nadem Alani  , Safaa Abed Latef AlMeani
Published: November 2022

Group B streptococci (GBS) are globally recognized to cause adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as stillbirths and miscarriages, and are one of the main causes of newborn sepsis and meningitis. The high resistance of GBS to antibiotics becomes difficult or impossible to treat, becoming increasingly common, causing a global health crisis. It complicates their eradication, potentially leading to the development of chronic infections. A total of 181 specimens were obtained from pregnant women. Out of these specimens, 22 isolates were bacteriologically identified as S.agalactiae. They were collected from Al-Anbar Province hospitals. Twenty-two isolates were identified as GBS depending on cultural and microscopical properties, automated (VITEK-2 system), and molecular identification based on atr gene, which is an essential gene expressed isolates in all S.agalactiae. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by using the disc diffusion method for(12) antimicrobials. The results was appeared the highest resistance to Erythromycin (100%), Cefotaxime (100%), Ceftriaxone (100%), Meropenem(100%), Tetracyclin (95.45%), Cefepime (90.90%), Ampicillin (90.90%), Penicillin (86.36%), Clindamycin(81.81%), Azithromycin (81.81%), Chloramphenicol (40.90%), Levofloxacin (22.72%). Biofilm formation estimation by using a microtiter plate (MTP) was performed. Out of 22 isolates of S.agalactiae, 20(90.90%)isolates produced biofilm as indicated by MtP. Out of 20 biofilm-producing isolates, 3(15%), 10(50%), and 7(35%)were weak, moderate, and strong, respectively. The inhibitory effects of Gallic acid, Cinnamic acid, Salicin, (-)-Epigallocatechingallate, Linoleic acid, Metronidazole, Amoxicillin, Erythromycin, and Levofloxacin were tested against biofilms of streptococcus agalactiae from pregnant women. The salicin was found to have strong bactericidal activity against biofilm. Inhibition of biofilm formation and growth after incubation with different concentrations of phytochemical compounds and antibiotics solution were assessed by the crystal violet and 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction assay. The phytochemical compounds and antibiotics solution significantly inhibited the initial cell attachment of the GBS but were less inhibitory towards 8 h preformed biofilms formed on polystyrene surface except for erythromycin; the inhibition was very low because of the resistance of GBS to erythromycin. However, there was a synergistic effect between erythromycin and gallic acid,or Metronidazole by using Checkerboard technique.
STUDY EFFECT OF TAMOXIFEN ON CELL CYCLE PHASE DISTRIBUTION, IN BREAST CANCER CELLS
Authors: Ibrahim Waleed  , Firas Hassan  , Raghad.Z. Atta
Published: November 2022

Hormone therapy also known as estrogen suppression therapy is the first targeted therapy and is frequently used as a secondi therapeutic to lower the risk of cancer returning after surgery or spread. Tamoxifen is a drug that is commonly used to treat breast cancer by mediating estrogen receptor signaling pathways. Breast cancer is becoming a spread disease that needs a specific therapy. The main focusi of this study is the anti-cancer drug Tamoxifen (TAM)i and it’s effected on celli cycle (Culture) of breast cancer cell line measurement of cellular DNA content and the analysis of the cell cycle can be performed by flow cytometry. This study include the determination the effects of tamoxifen on MCF-7i on breast cancer celli line and investigate of the mechanism by which the affected of it on the cell cycle phases using Flowcytometric cell cycle analysis assay. As well study the Flowy cytometric cell cycle analysis of tamoxifen-treated cultures showed an increase in the proportion of cells in the GI phase of the cell cycle.
Monitoring of IFN- γ level in Pfizer/BioNTech vaccinated Iraqi's people
Authors: Mayyadah Rafeeq  , Majid Jabir
Published: November 2022

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the resulting coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) have afflicted tens of millions of people in a worldwide pandemic. The most reliable approach to stop the spread of infectious illnesses is through vaccination. Safe and effective vaccines are needed urgently.Methods: The study had eighty-one (81) participants ranging from 18 to 66 years old who were recently injected with COVID-19 mRNA Pfizer/BioNTech [BNT162b2] vaccines. They received two vaccine doses of 30 μg, 0.3 mL injections twenty-one (21) days apart. Before the first vaccination, blood samples were collected. This procedure was repeated on days 7-10 following the first immunization, and on 7–10 days following the second dosage. All samples were tested for IFN-γ using a High Sensitivity Human ELISA Kit corresponding to each marker (Elabscience/United State).Results: Compared to before vaccination and the first dosage, IFN-g levels were higher after the second dose.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that vaccinations caused Th1 biases in all groups.
Efficiency of Rifampin-loaded chitosan NPs in Killing of Brucella melitensis Isolated From Aborted Sheep in Wasit Province, Iraq
Authors: Sarhan R. Sarhan  , Shrooq J. Jassim  , Israa J. Jaber
Published: November 2022

Brucellosis is consider one of the utmost common bacterial infectious illness that infect man and animals. unfortunately, A worldwide community in the developing country didn't provide active assistance for reducing it spread out globally. Therefore, the aim of this study is the synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with rifampin to overcome bacterial resistance and provide high intracellular penetration and the potential for potent intracellular antibacterial activity. The study was conducted from October 2019 to September 2021, Of 57 positive clinical specimens identified in the present study, 25 (65.78%), 20 (74.07%), and 12 (66.66%) were isolated from vaginal swabs, fetal membranes, and fetal abomasum contents, respectively. From the results of SEM images of NPs, it was clear that RIF-loaded CHNPs presented irregular surfaces or rough with spherical shape and presence of some particle aggregates. The RIF-CHNPs particle size observed using SEM images was 260.54 nm, while the diameter was 150.23 nm. In addition, the antibacterial activity were also measured and the results shows that the MIC values for RIF, CHNPs and RIF-CHNPs and they were 4, 2.5 and 0.625 ug/ml, respectively. While the EE % and DL % of RIF were measured spectrophotometrically. Loaded antibiotic formulation gave good percentage of entrapment efficiency and drug loading at concentration 50 mg/ml. Then the EE % at concentration 50 mg/ml was re-estimated in different pH values and the best EE% was at pH 5. In conclusion, the antibacterial activity of drug nanocarrier against B. melitensis found that it had a relatively low MIC 0.625 ug/ml. whereas the inhibitory concentrations were about 4 μg/ml and 2.5 μg/ml for the RIF and CHTNPs, respectively. Indicating there were 6.4 times reduction in MIC for RIF-CHTNPs and 1.6 time reduction for CHTNPs comparing to MIC of antibiotic alone.
Cefotaxime Eluting Niosomes as A Novel Approach to Potentiate the Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Hussein Jabbar Alhazza  , Mohammed Sabar Al-Lami  , Zuhair AlShaheen  , Ayad almakki
Published: November 2022

Multidrug resistance has resulted in hurtful infections on treatment with common antimicrobials and is associated with health threatening problems. Antibiotic abuse in health care systems contributes to global resistance. β-lactams are the predominantly used antibiotics, and the most often used is cefotaxime, therefore facing a resistance problem. Potent cephalosporin derivatives, β-lactamase inhibitors, prodrugs, and drug nano-carriers are approaches to cutback bacterial resistance. An example of a nanocarrier applied in field of antibacterial activity enhancement is niosomes. Niosomes are self-assembled vesicles made from non-ionic surfactants with cholesterol also additives included or omitted that can provide good features such as antibiotic shielding, cleavage proofing, controlled release, and specific targeting. Cefotaxime niosomes preparation done by Thin-Film Hydration method using Tween 40, span 60, stearylamine, and cholesterol. The dried film was moisturised with buffered solution of cefotaxime at 45-55°C then the final nanosized niosomal cefotaxime was generated through a probe sonication. A 27 formulas were prepared and identified by dynamic light scattering so that polydispersity index and the vesicular size are measured. The selected formula of cefotaxime niosomes (CN6) has as showed the lowermost values and a prominent vesicular structure of 106 nm diameter on Transmission electron microscope and compatibility on Fourier Transform Infrared System analysis. CN6 remained unchanged in diameter and Poly-dispersity index after 100 days of storage at 2 to-80 C and also onsubsequent freeze drying and reconstitution. Entrapment efficiency was quantified by the ultracentrifugation method and was discovered to be 93 %. Antibiotic delivery by cefotaxime-eluting niosomes has been shown to be successful with antibacterial potentiation of 160, 8, 640 and 40 times better than aqueous solution against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively which is obviously a considerable drop in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the selected formula versus the aqueous cefotaxime solution and this was evaluated using Agar well diffusion technique.
Study the hypolipidemic effects of Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) and vitamin E in albino rabbits
Authors: Sarmad Talib Abdulazeez  , Sarmad Talib Abdulazeez  , Sahib Jumaah Abdulrahman
Published: November 2022

The current study was aimed to determining the effects of carob and vitamin E on liver functions and lipid profile in white rabbits. 20 male rabbits were used in this work, (age 5-6 month) get from local market in Kirkuk city. The rabbits were divided to the following groups (each group was content 5 male): Control group received standard diet, extract group that administrated (orally) with root extract 200mg/kg., extract group that administrated with root extract 400mg/kg., Vit. E group that administrated with vit. E 400mg/kg. Blood was drawn (cardiac puncture) monthly from each group for the duration of the study, which lasted for 5 months. the results showed significant (P<0.05) decreased in the lipid profile parameters (total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL) especially in the third month after administration of 400mg/kg carob extract group. Also, the results of current study showed significant (P<0.05) decreased in the levels of liver enzymes especially in the third month after administration of 400mg/kg carob extract group. Therefore, it is concluded from the current study that carob play important as hypolipidermic effect and supports the functional aspect liver.
Problem-based learning and its relationship to neuroscience in undergraduate university students
Authors: Juan Carlos Lázaro Guillermo  , Adolfo Angulo Romero  , Rocío Emilia Saavedra Sandoval  , Jorge Luis Vargas Espinoza  , Ruben Dario Mendoza Arenas
Published: November 2022

Problem-based learning and its relationship to neuroscience in undergraduate university students aim to describe the level of knowledge and the ways in which university students transmit the information obtained through neurodidactics in the educational process. To do this, the research is based on a quantitative approach, to establish, including the use of documentary and bibliographic methods, that students in university research centers focus on the use of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) to improve their academic performance. The relationship between PBL and neurodidactics is that this methodology ensures that academic preparation is in accordance with the real interests and needs of students, works on relevant situations of daily life in an interdisciplinary approach and promotes the creation of experiences, and useful and appropriate teaching methods to the context. Research shows that neuroscience-based data can help teachers better choose the most beneficial methods to stimulate students to actively learn, leading to sustained attention and focus.
Measurement of Technical Efficiency of Paddy Farms at Jhenaidah District in Bangladesh: A Case Study by Using Cobb Douglas Production Function
Authors: Md. Arif Billah
Published: November 2022

This study's primary goal is to measure the technical efficacy of Amon paddy farms and identify the key variables that significantly influence the degree of technical inefficiency of the sample farms. Using a multistage random sampling technique, 200 Amon rice-producing farms in the Jhenaidah district were sampled for this study. The technical efficacy of Amon rice farms is estimated using the Cobb-Douglas production function method. The Cobb-Douglas production function approach's empirical findings indicate that the technical efficiency of Amon rice production is, on average, 0.95. This suggests that the studied region has a high level of technical efficiency. The factors influencing the degree of inefficiency of the Amon rice farms are also determined using an inefficiency impact model. The production of paddy was favorably connected with farm size, as indicated by the regression coefficient of farm size, which is 0.52. Additionally, it reveals that labor costs, irrigation cost, seed costs, and plowing cost are crucial elements that influence how efficiently Amon rice is produced. According to the estimated inefficiency impact model's findings, the technical inefficiency of Amon rice production is adversely correlated with farm size, age, education, training and credit availability. According to this study, actions to expand credit opportunities, education, and training are essential to lowering rice production's technical inefficiency in the study area. According to the results, it is advised that variables that positively and significantly affect production efficiency be researched and developed for best results toward sustainable agricultural and rural development in Bangladesh.
ULTRASOUND IMAGE SEGMENTATION FOR DETECTING FOLLICLE IN OVARIES USING MORPHOLOGICAL OPERATION AND EXTRACTION METHODS
Authors: Noraishikin Zulkarnain  , Asma Amirah Nazarudin  , Al Haa An Nur Al Has  , Siti Salasiah Mokri  , Aini Hussain  , Ili Najaa Aimi Mohd Nordin
Published: November 2022

There are three different types of ovaries in women such as normal ovary, cyst ovary and Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The normal ovary consists of 8-10 follicle with size 2mm to 28mm. If the number of follicles more than 9 with size less than 9mm, it is classified as Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Follicles can be detected through ultrasound images. Ultrasound images produce noises resulting in segmentation images cannot be perform properly. Therefore, to detect the follicles in the ovary is by using morphological operations with feature extraction. In this paper, the method of detecting the follicles is described which involves segmentation of follicles from ultrasound images using morphological method consists of erosion, open and dilation. Therefore, the number of follicles is counted and can save time for the doctor who has spent a lot of time to manually counting the follicles.
Internal control and corporate governance in family businesses: A review of studies and approaches from a Latin American perspective
Authors: Ronald Huacca-Incacutipa  , Regis André J. Fernández Argandoña  , Lucio Walter M. Valderrama Pérez  , Alejandro Nuñez-Vizcarra
Published: November 2022

The study aimed to explore the research and approaches of internal control and corporate governance applied in family businesses in Latin America. For this, a literary review was carried out through the compilation of bibliographic sources of various studies carried out in Peru, Chile, Colombia, Argentina and Ecuador related to the research topic. The results indicate that, if a family business intends to grow and maintain its validity over time, passing on to the following generations, it must develop internal control and corporate governance structures. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of contributing to the establishment, internal control structures and corporate governance, through different mechanisms, mainly in first and second-generation family businesses, considering the mortality they suffer in different countries. region of.