bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Mathematics Attitude on Academic Achievement: Intermediary Role of Mathematics Learning Engagement
Authors: Lijie Zhang , Zongzhao Mo , Ying Zhou
Published: June 2020

Matematika adalah salah satu pelajaran paling penting di Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Sikap dan keterlibatan siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika akan memengaruhi kebiasaan belajar matematika yang baik, dan selanjutnya mempengaruhi hasil belajar matematika mereka. Metode pada penelitian menggunakan metode quantitative regresi.  Dalam studi ini, 317 siswa dari SMP no. 3 Guangxi, Yulin. diuji pada keterlibatan belajar matematika, sikap dan nilai hasil belajar mereka. Hubungan antara sikap matematika siswa dan hasil belajar matematika mereka serta peran keterlibatan belajar matematika dieksplorasi dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sikap matematika memiliki dampak positif dan langsung pada hasil belajar matematika siswa dan keterlibatan belajar matematika memainkan peran penting dalam hubungan antara sikap matematika dan kinerja akademik sebagai peran perantara mereka.
Pengaruh Motivasi Belajar dan Formasi Duduk Terhadap Hasil Belajar Mata Kuliah Asessmen Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Seto Stefania Baptis , Bantas Maria Goretty D.
Published: June 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh motivasi belajar dan formasi tempat duduk dalam ruangan kuliah terhadap hasil belajar dalam hal ini pada ranah kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik pada mata kuliah asesmen pembelajaran matematika. Sampel penelitan ini adalah 54 Mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, dan angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah korelasi bivariate.  Hasil uji korelasi menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara motivasi belajar dan formasi duduk terhadap hasil belajar mata kuliah asesmen pembelajaran matematika.
Pengembangan Multimedia Lectora Inspire untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Bangun Ruang
Authors: Muttaqin M. Zaenal , Siswono Tatag Yuli Eko , Lukito Agung
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) menghasilkan multimedia lectora inspire yang valid, praktis, dan efektif pada materi bangun ruang di kelas V sekolah dasar, (2) mendeskripsikan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita bangun ruang kelas V dengan menggunakan multimedia lectora inspire. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas lima SDN Wonokusumo VI/45 Surabaya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) dengan menggunakan model DDDE yaitu decide, design, develop, dan evaluate. Multimedia lectora inspire telah melalui uji validasi dari aspek media mencapai persentase 82.50%.  dengan kategori baik dan dari aspek materi mencapai persentase 80.64% dengan kategori baik. Media juga telah melalui uji kepraktisan yang mencapai kategori baik. Sedangkan berdasarkan tes berpikir kritis menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas pembelajaran multimedia efektif dalam meningkatkan berpikir kritis siswa. Hal ini didasarkan pada hasil implementasi bidang tes yang mengalami kemajuan sebesar 85% dan ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 88.89% yang berarti pengaruh signifikan terhadap berpikir kritis pada pembelajaran siswa menggunakan multimedia lectora inspire.
The Youthwork Paradox: A Case for Studying the Complexity of Community-Based Youth Work in Education Research
Authors: Baldridge Bianca J.
Published: June 2020

Community-based youth work, through which young people are engaged in community-based educational spaces (CBES; e.g., after-school programs, out-of-school time settings, youth organizations, etc.), is celebrated for supporting youth academically, socially, culturally, and politically. However, when these spaces receive attention, their social and political complexity is often overlooked. Studying the complexity of community-based youth work in education requires interrogating the multiple systems of oppression that impact young people’s lives. It also demands examination of the sociopolitical context of youth work, including how race logics and economic pressures inform the construction of CBES and how these forces surface and intersect with market logics and educational policy reform. Building on existing scholarship on community-based youth work and my current research, I present the youthwork paradox, a framework that captures the complexity of the field and its relationship to structural forces and larger systems of oppression. I detail how this paradox does not always lead to dichotomous discourses; rather, CBES can encompass many logics at once. To illuminate the usefulness of this framework for deeper theorizing of community-based youth work, I ground this concept in an empirical case focused on Black youth workers.
Business Strategy Formulation for Art Merchandise Brand (Case Study: Gutsy Prune)
Authors: Amadea Natalie , Purwanegara Mustika Sufiati
Published: June 2020

A part of Indonesia's creative industries is the art merchandise industry which is dominated by independent visual artists who establish their art merchandise brands to market original art merchandise. Visual artists try to apply the principles of entrepreneurship in their practice since entrepreneurship has a fundamental role in their artistic careers. A business strategy is needed for any art merchandise brand. To develop a business strategy that is based on the empirical case, an Indonesian art merchandise brand called Gutsy Prune is analyzed as a case study. Gutsy Prune needs to develop a business strategy to boost the sales stagnation and to ensure the business continuity within the art merchandise market. The methodology for the research is a qualitative method and it is executed by conducting in-depth interviews with Gutsy Prune's potential and current customers. The results from the interview will be treated as the primary data along with observation and competitor analysis, while information from literature research will be used as secondary data to support the primary data. The focus of the research is the formulation of a business strategy for the art merchandise brand and the data collection was conducted by using interviews, observation, competitor analysis, and literature research. Gutsy prune needs to have a business strategy to tackle the sales stagnation that is caused by the low rate of inventory turnover. Before formulating a business strategy to boost sales stagnation, a series of analysis that includes environmental scanning and customer analysis is performed. The result from the aforementioned analysis is further examined by using SWOT Analysis to discover the root causes of the sales stagnation. It has been concluded that Gutsy Prune possesses some weaknesses in its segmentation, targeting, positioning, value proposition, marketing mix, and organizational structure. To resolve the root causes, Gutsy Prune develops a business strategy that contains STP Strategy, Value Proposition Canvas, Marketing Mix Strategy, organizational structure design, and a generic competitive strategy to sums up the business strategy's direction. From the research, Gutsy Prune can establish a one-year implementation plan to execute the business strategy.
Resumen SUPPORT de una revisión sistemática : Percepciones y experiencias de los profesionales sanitarios sobre la utilización de tecnologías de salud móvil (mHealth) para la prestación de servicios de atención primaria de salud: una síntesis de evidencia cualitativa. Satellite Cochrane EPOC-CHILE
Authors: Pantoja Tomás , Morel Macarena , Ortiz-Muñoz Luis E.
Published: June 2020

La ‘Salud móvil’ (mHealth) se refiere a los cuidados de saludapoyados por el uso de dispositivos móviles (como teléfonos móviles y tabletas). En la atención primaria de salud, los profesionales de la salud a menudo usan dispositivos móviles para registrar usuarios, rastrear su estado de salud y tomar decisiones respecto de su cuidado, así como para comunicarse con ellos y con otros profesionales de la salud. Saber cómo los profesionales de salud se relacionan y experimentan este tipo de tecnología puede ayudar en suimplementación.
Our universe is a superdeterministic state machine built of elementary particles; strong electric currents in the human neural network cause the illusion of free will
Authors: Yu Xiaoyang
Published: June 2020

Physical interactions among any number of elementary particles are governed by physical laws. Our universe is a state machine build of elementary particles. First-order-evolution is the whole series of the real-world transitions of this state machine, which is governed by the physical laws. Second-order-change is the change of the state which breaks the physical laws, so it is impossible in real world. Conscious experience and the free will illusion of a state machine, result from the first-order-evolution; they have no impact to the first-order-evolution. Both our universe and the conscious experience, are pure-mathematical-structures. Our universe is a state machine which is built of elementary particles. Strong electric currents cause the illusion of mix (i.e. mixing up the real world and its model conceptually), in the fuzzy logic system of human neural network. When a control system automatically plans for what it shall do, (as a workaround to deal with the unpredictability of what itself will actually do,) it uses an auxiliary baseline prediction to represent the real world, which is an illogical mapping. The illusion of mix and the illogical mapping, jointly lead to the illusion of free will.
Behavioral immune system linked to responses to the threat of COVID-19
Authors: Makhanova Anastasia , Shepherd Melissa A.
Published: June 2020

People possess psychological processes that help them avoid pathogens, which is particularly important when novel infectious diseases (e.g., COVID-19) spread through the population. Across two studies we examined whether trait pathogen avoidance (operationalized as perceived vulnerability to disease; PVD) was linked with responses to COVID-19 and preventative behaviors. In Study 1, PVD was positively associated with stronger reactions to the threat of COVID-19, including increased anxiety, perceptions that people should alter their typical behavior, as well as reported importance of engaging in proactive and social distancing behaviors. In Study 2, PVD was again associated with increased anxiety, as well as more vigilant behavior when grocery shopping, fewer trips to the store, and fewer face-to-face interactions. These associations remained significant when controlling for the Big-5 personality traits. Although the two subscales of PVD (germ aversion and perceived infectability) were often parallel predictors, several differences between the subscales emerged. Germ aversion may be more associated with behaviors whereas perceived infectability with vigilance.
Master Narrative Methodology: A Primer for Conducting Structural-Psychological Research
Authors: Syed Moin , McLean Kate C.
Published: June 2020

The emphasis placed on individual-level analysis throughout psychological science in general, and diversity science in particular, has left the role of structural factors under-theorized. Moreover, the field suffers from a lack of research methods that fully investigate structural-individual relations. This paper outlines one structural-psychological approach, the master narrative framework, and details various methods for taking social structures into account while still maintaining the focus on the individual. These methods, including event narratives, in-depth interviews, life-script analysis, focus groups, experiments, and conversation analysis, allow for understanding of both the nature and substance of the structures and how individuals interact with them.
How material constraints affect the cultural evolution of rhythm
Authors: Miton Helena , Wolf Thomas , Vesper Cordula , Knoblich Günther , Sperber
Published: June 2020

While widely acknowledged in the cultural evolution literature, ecological factors - i.e., differences in the physical environment in which cultural productions evolve - haven’t been investigated experimentally. Here we present an experimental investigation of this type of factors by using a transmission chain experiment. We predicted that differencesin the distance between identical tools (drums) and in the order in which they are to be used would cause the evolution of different rhythms. The evidence confirms our predictions and thus provide a proof of concept that ecological factors can influence cultural productions and that their effects can be experimentally isolated and measured. One noteworthy finding is that ecological factors can on their own lead to more complex rhythms.
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Executive Functions and Intelligence in Middle Childhood
Authors: Freis Samantha M , Morrison Claire , Lessem Jeffrey M. , Hewitt John K. , Friedman Naomi P.
Published: June 2020

Executive functions (EFs) and intelligence (IQ) are phenotypically correlated. In twin studies, latent variables for EFs and IQ display moderate to high heritability estimates; however, they show variable genetic correlations in twin studies spanning childhood to middle age. We analyzed data from over 11,000 children (9-10-year-olds, including 749 twin pairs) in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study to examine the phenotypic and genetic relations between EFs and IQ in childhood. We identified two EF factors –– Common EF and Updating-Specific –– which were both related to IQ (rs = .64-.81). Common EF and IQ were heritable (53-67%), and their genetic correlation (rG = .86) was not significantly different than 1. These results suggest that EFs and IQ are phenotypically but not genetically separable in middle childhood, meaning that this phenotypic separability may be influenced by environmental factors.
Boredom and rule breaking during COVID-19
Authors: Danckert James , Boylan James , Seli Paul , Scholer Abigail
Published: June 2020

State boredom presents a conundrum: When bored, we want to engage with something, but we don’t want whatever is currently available. This is exacerbated when external factors impose restrictions on what we can engage in, which is precisely the scenario we are currently facing during the COVID-19 pandemic. We surveyed 924 participants to examine the relation between boredom proneness and responses to social isolation. We provide novel evidence that highly boredom prone people have been more likely to break the rules of social isolation (e.g., fewer hours spent in social isolation, poor adherence to social distancing as evidenced by the increased likelihood of holding a social gathering and coming into proximity with more people than recommended). We further demonstrated that boredom proneness substantially mediates the association between self-control and rule-breaking. These results indicate that boredom proneness is a critical factor to consider when encouraging adherence to social isolation.
Social origins and the decision to leave university during the Great recession: the role of the field of study
Authors: Vergolini Loris , Vlach Eleonora
Published: June 2020

The recent economic downturn has had profound influences on contemporary European societies. This paper analyzes how the Great Recession affected the drop-out rate among university students in Italy, and whether their chosen field of study moderated its effect. To examine the potential long-term effects of this economic downturn on social inequality, we also explore whether students from less-advantaged families who enrolled in prestigious fields were those pushed out from university in disproportionally high numbers. We investigate the interacting influence of the economic crisis, social inequalities and field of study on drop-out rate using data from the Istat “Survey on the educational and occupational paths of high school graduates” in two cohorts of university students (one who attended university prior to and one during the Great Recession). Results obtained from propensity score matching show that the economic crisis had a negative effect on university participation, which was however less strong for Medicine students. Students from lower socio-economic backgrounds in the most remunerative fields of study (those leading to liberal professions), tended to leave university more often than their well-off peers.
Motivated reasoning and democratic accountability
Authors: Little Andrew T. , Schnakenberg Keith , Turner Ian R
Published: June 2020

Does motivated reasoning harm democratic accountability? Substantial evidence from political behavior research indicates that voters have ``directional motives" beyond accuracy, which is often taken as evidence that they are ill-equipped to hold politicians accountable. We develop a model of electoral accountability with voters as motivated reasoners. Directional motives have two effects: (1) divergence -- voters with different preferences hold different beliefs, and (2) desensitization -- the relationship between incumbent performance and voter beliefs is weakened. While motivated reasoning does harm accountability, this is generally driven by desensitized voters rather than polarized partisans with politically motivated divergent beliefs. We also analyze the relationship between government performance and vote shares, showing that while motivated reasoning always weakens this relationship we cannot infer that accountability is also harmed. Finally, we show that our model can be mapped to standard models in which voters are fully Bayesian but have different preferences or information.
Disease Detectives: Using Mathematics to Forecast the Spread of Infectious Diseases
Authors: Brooks Heather Z. , Kanjanasaratool Unchitta , Kureh Yacoub H. , Porter Mason A.
Published: June 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant changes in how people are currently living their lives. To determine how to best reduce the effects of the pandemic and start reopening societies, governments have drawn insights from mathematical models of the spread of infectious diseases. In this article, we give an introduction to a family of mathematical models (called “compartmental models”) and discuss how the results of analyzing these models influence government policies and human behavior, such as encouraging mask wearing and physical distancing to help slow the spread of the disease.
Physiological Determinants of Ultramarathon Trail Running Performance
Authors: Coates Alexandra M , Berard Jordan , King Trevor James , Burr Jamie
Published: June 2020

Context: The physiological determinants of ultramarathon success have rarely been assessed and likely differ in their contributions to performance as race distance increases. Purpose: To examine predictors of performance in athletes who completed either a 50-, 80-, or 160-km trail race over a 20-km loop course on the same day. Methods: Measures of running history, aerobic fitness, running economy, body mass loss, hematocrit alterations, age, and cardiovascular health were examined in relation to race-day performance. Performance was defined as the percentage difference from the winning time at a given race distance, with 0% representing the fastest possible time. Results: In the 50-km race, training volumes, cardiovascular health, aerobic fitness, and a greater loss of body mass during the race were all related to better performance (all P < .05). Using multiple linear regression, peak velocity achieved in the maximal oxygen uptake test (β = −11.7, P = .002) and baseline blood pressure (β = 3.1, P = .007) were the best performancepredictors for the men’s 50-km race (r = .98, r2 = .96, P < .001), while peak velocity achieved in the maximal oxygen uptake test (β = −13.6, P = .001) and loss of body mass (β = 12.8, P = .03) were the best predictors for women (r = .94, r2 = .87, P = .001). In the 80-km race, only peak velocity achieved in the maximal oxygen uptake test predicted performance (β =−20.3, r = .88, r2 = .78, P < .001). In the 160-km race, there were no significant performance determinants. Conclusions: While classic determinants of running performance, including cardiovascular health and running fitness, predict 50-km trail-running success, performance in longer-distance races appears to be less influenced by such physiological parameters.
Wartości edukacyjne w literaturze dziecięcej Agnieszki Zimnowodzkiej. Rekonesans badawczy
Authors: Łuc Izabela
Published: June 2020

The article constitutes an attempt at an introductory description of educational values of eleven short stories for children written by Agnieszka Zimnowodzka. While discussing the educational function of the selected material, considering the compositional-structural and semantic-linguistic (including naming) layers of the stories, references to pragmalingusitic analysis and theory of semantic fields (with appropriate methodological solutions) were made.
Otomatisasi Interpretasi Data Terhadap Bukti Perpajakan Digital
Authors: Iswandi Irvan
Published: June 2020

Model pengenalan secara otomatis terhadap bukti perpajakan digital dipandang sebagai salah satu mekanisme yang penting dalam organisasi untuk menentukan efektivitas dalam pengambilan keputusan dan pengendalian organisasi. Efektivitas ini dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan sistem dalam mengidentifikasi dan mengelompokkan data entitas. Kendala yang ditemui dalam pengenalan data terjadi karena kondisi fisik bukti perpajakan yang kurang baik, sehingga membutuhkan lebih banyak waktu dan berakibat kurangnya presisi terhadap interpretasi yang dihasilkan oleh sistem.

Efektivitas kinerja sistem pengenalan ditingkatkan melalui penentuan langkah yang tepat dalam mengelompokkan entitas-entitas secara otomatis. Kemampuan otomatisasi ini melingkupi berbagai tahapan yang ada, yaitu dalam mengenali transaksi, mengekstraksi informasi di dalamnya dan mengelompokkannya dengan tepat.

Penelitian ini menyajikan langkah-langkah yang dilakukan secara komputerisasi dalam bentuk model otomatisasi interpretasi data, baik dalam hal pengenalan transaksi, ekstraksi dan kemudian melakukan pengelompokkan terhadap entitas yang ditemui dalam bukti pemotongan PPh Pasal 23 secara digital. Langkah utama yang dilakukan dalam pencapaian tersebut melalui analisa dasar terhadap bukti berdasarkan interpretasi teks. Simulasi yang dilakukan terhadap beberapa bukti potong menunjukkan proses otomatisasi berpotensi meningkatkan efektivitas dan menekan kesalahan, bila dibandingkan dengan proses manual.
KAJIAN KEBIJAKAN PEMBERIAN INSENTIF PAJAK DALAM MENGATASI DAMPAK VIRUS CORONA DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2019
Authors: Selvi Selvi , Ramdhan Alief
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemberian insentif pajak di Indonesia yang tengah dilanda wabah virus corona. Penelitian ini merupakan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa insentif pajak yang diberikan pemerintah secara konsep cukup baik, meskipun ada beberapa catatan dari peneliti perihal kerugian akibat penurunan penerimaan pajak sebagai implikasi dari pengurangan dan pembebasan pajak yang diberikan pemerintah. Selain itu, sebaiknya pembebasan Pajak Penghasilan atas impor perlu dikaji ulang terutama perihal kualifikasi barang yang dapat insentif. Pemerintah juga perlu melakukan pengawasan secara keseluruhan untuk meminimalisir penyimpangan yang merugikan banyak pihak.
Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Work From Home Pada Kesejahteraan Driver Transportasi Online di Indonesia
Authors: WD Tuti Retnowati
Published: June 2020

Work from home or work from home which is currently being carried out is a follow up to President Joko Widodo's appeal at a press conference at the Presidential Palace, calling for minimization of the spread of the new type of corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes Covid-19, the public is asked to work, study, and worship from home, one of which creates a system of working from home. the purpose of this study was to analyze the Implementation of Work From Home (WFH) Policy on the Welfare of Online Transportation Drivers. The method used in this study uses a library method or approach. Data collection in this research was carried out by exploring journals, books and online media. And data processing using Nvivo Plus 12. The results of the study showed that the WFH policy reduced the level of welfare of the online transportation drivers, it can be seen from the level of their needs that were still unfulfilled. Even physiological needs which should be basic needs for everyone, the need for it cannot be fulfilled because their income has decreased dramatically since the enactment of this WFH policy.
Transforming the Provision of Physiotherapy in the Time of COVID-19: A Call to Action for Telerehabilitation
Authors: Quigley Adria , Johnson Helen , McArthur Caitlin
Published: June 2020

The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has presented a global health threat, and it poses challenges to how physiotherapists deliver health care. Physiotherapists have an ethical obligation not only to reduce the spread of COVID-19 but also to provide client-centred care and to improve or maintain function among those living in the community. Telerehabilitation provides an opportunity to maintain function, prevent future hospitalizations, and assist with discharge from hospitals while maintaining physical distancing recommendations. This editorial outlines the evidence for telerehabilitation, key considerations for its use, challenges to its use, and we issue a call to action.
Transformer les services de physiothérapie à l’ère de la COVID-19 : un appel à l’action pour la téléréadaptation
Authors: Quigley Adria , Johnson Helen , McArthur Caitlin
Published: June 2020

L’émergence de la maladie à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) constitue une menace pour la santé mondiale et pose des défis à l’égard du mode de prestation des services de physiothérapie. Les physiothérapeutes ont l’obligation éthique non seulement de réduire la propagation de la COVID-19, mais également d’offrir des soins axés sur les clients et d’améliorer ou de maintenir le fonctionnement des personnes qui vivent dans la communauté. La téléréadaptation permet de maintenir le fonctionnement, de prévenir de futures hospitalisations et de favoriser les congés des hôpitaux tout en respectant les recommandations relatives à la distanciation physique. Dans le présent éditorial, les autrices exposent les données probantes sur la téléréadaptation, les éléments fondamentaux en justifiant l’utilisation et les difficultés qui s’y rattachent et elles proposent un appel à l’action.
HİNDİSTAN YAHUDİLERİ: BENİ İSRAİL KABİLESİ VE HİNDİSTAN - İSRAİL İLİŞKİLERİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: GÜVEN Aydın
Published: June 2020

Hindistan coğrafyasında varlığını sürdüren en büyük Yahudi kabilesi olan Beni İsraillerin 2002 yılında yapılan DNA testleri sonucunda Hz. Musa’nın kardeşi, Hz. Harun’un soyundan geldikleri iddia edilmiştir. Hindistan’a nasıl ve ne zaman gittikleri hakkında farklı rivayetler bulunan ve kayıp on Yahudi kabilesinden biri olduğu söylenen Beni İsrail Kabilesi, asırlar sonra sömürgeci güçlerin bölgeye gitmesiyle fark edilmişlerdir. Avrupalı devletlerin Hindistan’ı sömürmeye başlamasıyla varlıklarından haberdar olunan kabile, bu tarihten itibaren dünyanın farklı coğrafyalarındaki Yahudilerle etkileşime geçme fırsatı yakalamıştır. 1947 yılında İngilizlerin bölgeden çekilmesiyle sömürge döneminde elde etmiş oldukları imtiyazlardan mahrum kalan Yahudiler, 1948 yılında İsrail devletinin kurulmasıyla buraya göç etmeye başlamışlardır. Hindistan’ın bağımsızlığından sonraki döneme denk gelen bu göç hareketi, İsrailli beyaz Yahudiler tarafından hoş karşılanmasa da zamanla meydana gelen tepkiler, İsrailli din adamlarının geri adım atmasına neden olmuştur. Hindistan’dan göç eden Yahudiler, beraberlerinde Hindistan kültürünü de getirmiş ve bu durum zamanla iki ülke arasındaki ticarette önemli bir etken haline gelmiştir. Bu tarihten sonra Hindistan-İsrail ilişkilerinde önemli bir faktör haline gelen Beni İsrail Kabilesi, her iki ülke adına da başvurulan diasporik bir güç haline gelmiştir/gelmektedir. Bu makalede Hindistan’da yaşayan Beni İsraillerin Hindistan’a göçünün tarihsel arka planına bakılarak geçmişten günümüze Hindistan ve İsrail’deki faaliyetlerine değinilecektir. Devamında 1948 yılında bir Yahudi devletinin kurulmasıyla İsrail’e yapılan göçleri üzerinde durulacak ve günümüzde her iki ülkede yaşayan Beni İsraillerin faaliyetlerine değinilerek makale sona erdirilecektir.
PSİKANALİTİK BİR ÇÖZÜMLEME ÖRNEĞİ: ANAR RIZABAYEV’İN AK LİMAN ROMANI
Authors: GÜNEŞ Ayşe Ceylan
Published: June 2020

İnsan ruhunun karmaşık yapısı ve davranışlar üzerinde etkileri yıllardır ilgili bilim adamlarını meşgul eden bir konu olmuştur. Çünkü insanlar gündelik yaşamları içinde duygularını harekete geçiren olaylar yaşar ve durumlar içinde bulunurlar. Bu duyguları tanımlamak veya açığa çıkarabilmek için edebi eserler yol gösterici birer araç niteliğindedir. Bu eserler, okuyucunun duygu penceresini aralarken yazarların da duygularını tahlil edebilmek, onlarla ve kahramanlarıyla özdeşlik kurmak noktasında da okuyucuya fırsat verir. Özellikle romanlar, konusunun daha detaylı incelenmeye müsait olması, kahraman kadrosunun kalabalık olabilmesi ve uzun tasviri, mekân ve zaman unsurlarının çeşitliliği ve kahraman üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenebilir olması açısından bahsedilen duyguların incelenmesine elverişli bir türdür. Yani edebi eserlerin birçoğu özellikle de romanlar aracılığıyla hem kendimizi hem yazarı hem kahramanlar üzerinden insanlığın ruh hallerini çözümlemek mümkündür. Romanların içeriği ne olursa olsun kahramanları gerçek hayatta karşılaşılabilecek olağanlıkta kişilerdir. Roman kurgusu içinde olaylara, kişilere, kendine yönelik tutumları izlenebilen kahramanlar psikolojik ipuçları da vereceklerdir. Sigmund Freud’un kurucusu olduğu psikanaliz akımı, Freud’un kendi yaşamı ve gerçek hastalar üzerinden yaptığı çalışmalar ile yürütülmüş, bir taraftan da takdir toplarken Erich Fromm, C. G. Jung gibi psikanalistlerin dönem dönem eleştirilerine maruz kalmıştır. Psikanalist yöntem, kişinin ruh hallerini inceleyebilmek için çocukluk yaşantıları, rüyalar, baskılanan istek ve düşünceler üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. Bilinç kavramına ek olarak bilinçaltının önemini ısrarla vurgulamıştır. Bu yöntem, seçilen Ak Liman romanı kahramanları üzerinde Freud’un görüşlerinden yararlanarak çözümleme amacıyla kullanılacaktır. Amaç alan uzmanı olan kişilerin işini yapmak değil psikanalist yöntemin ilkelerinin romana nasıl yansıdığının belirlenmesidir.
BAHRÎ’NİN HAC MENZİLNÂMESİ
Authors: KOYUNCU Fatih
Published: June 2020

Müslümanlar için dinî bir fariza olan hac vazifesi münasebetiyle her yıl Hicaz bölgesinde bir nüfus hareketliliği meydana gelmektedir. 1517 yılından itibaren hac kervanlarının güvenliği ve güzergâhların belirlenmesi Osmanlı Devleti’nin himayesinde gerçekleşmiştir. Bazı Osmanlı müellifleri hac yolculuğu izlenimlerini kaleme alarak bu türde bir literatürün meydana gelmesini sağlamıştır. Bu metinler kendi aralarında menâsik-i hac ve menâzil-i hac adı altında iki ayrı grupta değerlendirilmektedir. Hac seyahatnameleri, seyahat sırasında uğranan yerlerle ilgili bilgi barındırması, hacca gitmek isteyenler için kılavuz olması ve eser sahibinin yolculuğunu anlatması bakımından önemlidir. Bu türde kaleme alınmış metinlerden birisi de Bahrî’nin Üsküdar’dan Şam’a kadar olan menzilleri konu edindiği manzum eseridir. Kaynaklarda Bahrî mahlasını kullanan şairler arasında hac seyatini kaleme alan bir kişiden bahsedilmez. Hac kafilesinin yolculuk sırasında uğradığı menzillerden hareketle müellifin 17. asırdan sonra yaşadığı düşünülmektedir. Hakkında net bir bilgi bulunmayan şair metinden anlaşıldığı kadarıyla hac farizasını yerine getirmiştir. Hac yolculuğu sırasında uğranan yerler hakkında tanıtıcı bilgiler verdiği için bu metin bir menzilname özelliği taşımaktadır. Mesnevi nazım şekliyle yazılan eserde uğranan menziller sıralanmış, bazı yerler hakkında kısa ve gerekli bilgiler verilmiştir. Bir sanat kaygısı güdülmeden kaleme alınan eserde sade ve anlaşılır bir dil tercih edilmiştir. Bu makalede Bahrî’nin hac manzumesi tanıtılmış ve eserle ilgili inceleme yapıldıktan sonra mesnevinin metni sunulmuştur.
POST-TRUTH DÖNEMDE SOSYAL MEDYADA DEZENFORMASYON: COVİD-19 (YENİ KORONAVİRÜS) PANDEMİ SÜRECİ
Authors: AYDIN Ali Fikret
Published: June 2020

Tarih boyunca farklı amaçlarla yanlış bilgiler ve söylentiler ortaya çıkmış olsa da internetin ortaya çıkmasıyla birlikte yalan haberlerin daha hızlı bir şekilde yayılmaya başladığı görülmektedir. Özellikle politik alanda gerçeklerin çarpıtılması ve yeniden üretilmesiyle birlikte hakikatin değersizleştiği post-truth (hakikat ötesi) döneme girilmiştir. Bu dönemde bilhassa sosyal medya, sahte haberlerin daha hızlı yayılmasına ve geniş kitlelere ulaşmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu durum ise sosyal medyadaki dezenformasyonun daha çok artmasına ve olumsuz sonuçlar doğurmasına yol açabilmektedir. Özellikle Covid-19 (yeni koronavirüs) pandemi sürecinde bu meselenin çok ciddi boyutlara ulaştığı görülmüştür. Neredeyse her gün üretilen sahte haberler Facebook, Twitter gibi sosyal ağlarda ve Whatsapp gruplarında dolaşıma sokulmuştur. Çoğu kişi bu haberlerin doğru olduğuna inanmış ve sosyal medyada daha hızlı yayılmasına sebep olmuştur. Bununla birlikte Sağlık Bakanı ve bakanlık bünyesinde kurulan Koronavirüs Bilim Kurulu üyelerinin adına açılan sahte sosyal medya hesaplarla insanlar yanlış yönlendirilmiştir. Hatta Dünya Sağlık Örgütü bu dezenformasyonun en az virüs kadar tehlikeli olduğunu vurgulamıştır.
Betimsel analizin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren teyit.org doğrulama platformunun Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde sosyal medyada dolaşıma sokulan iddialar hakkında yaptığı inceleme sonuçlarına ilişkin verilerin ne olduğu ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, Türkiye’de ilk koronavirüs vakasının görüldüğü 11 Mart tarihi başlangıç alınarak 1 haftalık sürede (11-18 Mart 2020) ortaya çıkan iddialara yer verilmiştir.
المدارس العثمانية ودورها في العملية العلمية في بيت المقدس (1874 - 2019)
Authors: الأقرع مروان محمد حمدان يوسف
Published: June 2020

تعد مدينة بيت المقدس من أهم المدن، وفي مقدمة المناطق التي اهتمت بها الدولة العثمانية وأولتها عنايتها الخاصة، مع بداية عصر التنظيمات العثمانية والإصلاحات الإدارية؛ حيث شُكل فيها المجلس البلدي بعد العاصمة إسطنبول، وهذا الأمر يدل بوضوح على المكانة الكبيرة التي كانت تتمتع بها المدينة ومدى الاهتمام الذي كانت تحظى به من قِبل الدولة العثمانية التي أعلنت المدينة والمنطقة التابعة لها متصرفية مستقلة في عام 1874م حيث ربطتها إدارياً مع العاصمة إسطنبول بشكل مباشر. وتجلى هذا الاهتمام بتأسيس عدد من المدارس الحديثة التي كانت تشمل مختلف المراحل الرشدية والابتدائية والإعدادية، والتي حاولت من خلالها إصلاح الواقع التعليمي في المدينة، الذي كان يشهد تنافساً كبيراً بين الدول الأوربية التي كانت ترعى الكنائس المسيحية، وبين الحركة الصهيونية، والتي كانت تعمل على استقطاب الطلاب لأغراض تبشيرية وعقائدية. ساهمت المدارس الحكومية العثمانية والمدارس الأهلية التي كانت موجودة خلال الحكم العثماني في نشر العلم والمعرفة في المدينة، وكان لها دور كبير في جعل المدينة في مقدمة المدن الفلسطينية من حيث عدد المدارس وعدد الطلاب، وبقيت هذه المدارس تقوم بعملها إلى عام 1917م، تاريخ احتلال المدينة على يد الاحتلال الإنجليزي الذي حاول تفريغ المدينة من السكان ليسهل تسليمها للحركة الصهيونية وكانت المدارس في مقدمة القائمة المستهدفة. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعريف بهذه المدارس التي بقيت إلى يومنا الحاضر من حيث النشأة والتأسيس وإبراز دور هذه المدارس في العملية التعليمية والتربوية والثقافية في المدينة، من خلال الرجوع إلى المصادر التاريخية المختلفة والسجلات العثمانية وأرشيف تلك المدارس لمعرفة الأثر العلمي والثقافي والتربوي الذي قامت به هذه المدارس منذ تاريخ إنشائها إلى وقتنا الحاضر.
النصوص الدينية اليهودية وحقيقة الهيكل التاريخية في بيت المقدس
Authors: HOURAN Othman Saeed
Published: June 2020

إن قضية بيت المقدس من أهم القضايا التي قامت عليها حروب وصراعات وسياسات دول؛ وتظهر لنا ثنائية الصراع من خلال وجود بناء حالي متمثلا في المسجد الأقصى، مع وجود نظرية أو أسطورة تقابله، تمثلت في معبد مقدس (هيكل سليمان) تتبانها بعض الفرق اليهودية المتطرفة، يسعى أصحابها إلى إثبات وجود تلك الأسطورة، فوجب دراسة الأسطورة من حيث نصوصها ومدى مصداقيتها، للوصول إلى حقائق يقبلها البحث العلمي المجرد، وتخضع للقوانين البحثية المقبولة. بمعنى يجب أن تكون الدارسة منهجية بتعاطي النظرية اليهودية المتطرفة، القائمة على الأخذ بالنصوص الدينية المؤسسة للنظرية السياسية داخل الكيان الصهيوني وخارجه؛ فوجب الخروج بتصور حقيقي لتلك النصوص الدينية، ومدى صحة انطباقها على الحقائق التاريخية؛ فهذه النظرية أو هذه الأسطورة هي محط نزاع بين الطوائف اليهودية نفسها، بين من يتبناها من الطوائف المتشددة والأحزاب السياسية في الكيان الصهيوني، ومَنْ يخالفها من الطوائف اليهودية الأخرى؛ ليقف اليمن المسيحي المتطرف كقوى ضغط مؤيدة على سياسات الدول في أمريكا وأروبا؛ وفي المقابل تقف وجهة نظر إسلامية تخالف تلك النظريات اليمينة المتطرفة، تقوم على نظرية يؤيدها بناء قائم على أرض الواقع -المسجد الأقصى- ويصدقها تاريخ حقيقي ووثائق قانونية وتاريخية ودينية؛ فوجب تفكيك وجهة النظر الصهيونية ودراستها من خلال هذا البحث، للوصول إلى تصورات ونتائج.
رؤساء الهيئة الإسلامية العليا ببيت المقدس يقودون مقاومة الاحتلال: الشيخ الدكتور عكرمة صبري أنموذجًا
Authors: ALASSA Aziz
Published: June 2020

بعد أن أقيمت الدولة الصهيونية بالقوة على مساحة 78% من أرض فلسطين في العام 1948، وفعلت أفعالها من حيث محو الشعب الفلسطيني وجودًا وذكرًا وحضارةً وإنشاء كيانها المصطنع على أنقاض الشعب الذي تم تشريد نحو 85% من أفراده، شنّت هذه الدولة في 5 حزيران (يونيو) 1967 حربًا تمكنت خلالها من احتلال ما تبقى من فلسطين. وبعد يومين من القتال دخلت القوات المحتلة الجزء الشرقي من مدينة بيت المقدس التي كانت تحت الحكم الأردني منذ نكبة 1948. امتثالاً لأحكام الفقه الإسلامي الحنيف، القاضي بوجوب مبادرة المسلمين لتولى شؤونهم الدينية كافة، ومنع غير المسلمين من التدخل في الشؤون الإسلامية، وذلك بالاستدلال الشرعي والاستنباط الفقهي، فقد تنادى جمع من العلماء، ورجال البلاد، وأصدروا بيانًا تاريخيًا في 24 تموز (يوليو) 1967، تضمن الإعلان عن تشكيل الهيئة الإسلامية العليا ببيت المقدس، التي تتولى جميع صلاحيات مجلس الأوقاف والشؤون والمقدسات الإسلامية، والإشراف على المحاكم الشرعية، ولجنة إعمار المسجد الأقصى وقبة الصخرة المشرفة. لقد انطلقت الهيئة الإسلامية العليا، منذ ذلك التاريخ، كهيئة إسلامية مستقلة، ومركزها بيت المقدس، يقودها من ارتضى به الأعضاء الذين هم نخبة من القضاة الشرعيين، والمفتيين، ومدراء الأوقاف، والسياسيين والمحامين والشخصيات الاعتبارية. وكان أول رئيس للهيئة الإسلامية سماحة المرحوم الشيخ عبد الحميد السائح، الذي لم يمكث سوى شهرين؛ إذ أبعدته سلطات الاحتلال إلى الأردن. ثم تتابع على رئاستها، عدد من العلماء المقدسين وصولا إلى رئيسها الحالي سماحة الشيخ الدكتور عكرمة سعيد صبري. تبين من الدراسة أن اللحظات الأولى لتأسيس الهيئة قد شكّلت تحديًا حقيقيًا للاحتلال وأربكت خططه وإجراءاته على الأرض، كما أنها أسست لما أصبحت عليه الهيئة بعد ذلك من أهمية في إدارة الشأن المقدسي بشكل خاص والشأن الفلسطيني على وجه العموم. لقد سلطت الدراسة الضوء على الحقبة التي قاد فيها الشيخ الدكتور عكرمة صبري الهيئة منذ العام 1998 حتى تاريخه؛ وهي الحقبة الأكثر حرجًا وتعقيدًا وذلك بعد اتفاقات أوسلو ومباحثات واي ريفر وغيرها، وشهدت على الانتفاضة الثانية للشعب الفلسطيني عام 2000 واستشهاد ياسر عرفات القائد التاريخي للشعب الفلسطيني عام 2004، كما شهدت أحداثًا دولية كبرى كغزو العراق وإخراجه من معادلات الصراع في المنطقة. ففي هذه الظروف شهدت بيت المقدس مستوى أعلى من الشراسة من قبل الاحتلال الذي تنكر لجميع الاتفاقات والمعاهدات الدولية، وأخذ يتجه نحو تهويد المدينة والقضاء على الهوية العربية والإسلامية لها الممتدة في عمق التاريخ. الأمر الذي وضع الهيئة الإسلامية العليا ورئيسها أمام مسؤوليات تاريخية، تتطلب التيقظ والمتابعة الحثيثة، مما خلق حالة من الصدام المباشر مع الاحتلال الذي أخذ يراقب تحركاته ويسعى، بين الحين والآخر إلى الحد من أنشطته وفعالياته على مختلف الصعد﻿
Health preparation of the elderly population by the special complex
Authors: Gashenko Olga Viacheslavovna
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the state of health and ways ofhealing the elderly, medical and social problems faced by this category of citizens. A study was conducted to identify the incidence rate and to determine the effectiveness of the introduction of a special complex for the elderly, statistics were collected together with general practitioners and general practitioners of clinics in Vladivostok. Conclusions were drawn that a special set of exercises has no contraindications and is generally available to the elderly.
Social Design as a Way of Educating Adolescents (From the Experience of Working on the Project "Educational Elevator")
Authors: Kochetkova Olga Aleksandrovna
Published: June 2020

The article presents the experience of using social design in an educational institution as a way to influence the student's personality
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Siswa Berbasis Kontekstual pada Materi Menulis Teks Persuasi Kelas VIII SMP Ar-Risalah Lubuklinggau
Authors: Saputri Rika , Satinem Satinem , Murti Sri
Published: June 2020

Lembar kerja siswa atau LKS khususnya pada materi menulis teks persuasi yang digunakan guru masih berorientasi pada teks sehingga siswa kesulitan memahami materi secara kontekstual. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan LKS menulis teks persuasi berbasis kontekstual siswa Kelas VIII SMP Ar-Risalah Lubuklinggau. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian Research and Development dengan menggunakan model Dick & Carey. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, kuesioner, dan tes. Teknik analisis data untuk uji efektivitas menggunakan SPSS versi 20. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LKS menulis teks persuasi berbasis kontekstual Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Ar-Risalah Lubuklinggau yang dikembangkan valid, praktis, dan efektif sehingga layak digunakan oleh guru bahasa Indonesia sebagai salah satu bahan ajar untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran menulis teks persuasi. Kemudian, hasil uji efektivitas produk menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan LKS menulis teks persuasi berbasis kontekstual mampu meningkatkan kemampuan menulis persuasi siswa.
Pengelolaan Laboratorium IPA SMP Negeri 2 Muara Rupit Kabupaten Musi Rawas Utara Tahun 2020
Authors: N. Najemah
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengelolaan laboratorium IPA di SMP Negeri 2 Muara Rupit Tahun 2020, meliputi: (1) perencanaan laboratorium IPA; (2) pengaturan penggunaan laboratorium IPA; (3) evaluasi dan pengawasan pengunaan laboratorium IPA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan model dari Miles dan Huberman dengan tahapan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Perencanan laboratorium IPA mencakup pengadaan alat/bahan laboratorium IPA dilakukan oleh koordinator laboratorium IPA dan guru IPA melalui analisis kebutuhan berdasarkan skala prioritas disesuaikan dengan dana yang ada. Rencana penggunaan laboratorium IPA dalam pembelajaran IPA kurang terperinci sampai dengan jadwal harian, tetapi hanya ada jadwal bulanan. (2) Pengaturan penggunaan laboratorium IPA mencakup: (a) tata tertib penggunaan laboratorium IPA, (b) persiapan alat/bahan IPA, (c)  penyimpanan alat/bahan IPA, (d) pemeliharaan/perawatan laboratorium IPA dilakukan oleh koordinator laboratorium IPA yang dituangkan secara tertulis dalam tata tertib penggunaan laboratorium. (3) Pengawasan yang dilaksanakan kepala sekolah masih terbatas untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan kegiatan belajar mengajar di laboratorium, belum mengarah pada proses pengelolaan laboratorium IPA. Sedangkan untuk evaluasi pengelolaan laboratorium IPA yang dilakukan oleh koordinator laboratorium IPA hanya sebatas untuk mengevaluasi kelayakan alat dan ketersediaan bahan IPA yang hasilnya digunakan sebagai acuan dalam pengadaan alat pada tahun berikutnya.
THE EFFECT OF EXPERIMENTAL TYPE 1 DIABETES OF THE MOTHER ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SPERM OF OFFSPRING
Authors: Bryuhin G.V. , Antonov S.D.
Published: June 2020

Aims:analysis of the sperm viability of mature offspring of female rats with experimental type 1 diabetes.Materials and methods:The studies were conducted on white laboratory rats (Wistar), in which type 1 diabetes was simulated, and their mature offspring.A comparative analysis of the total sperm count in the epididymal suspension, as well as their subpopulation composition by viability, with the subsequent determination of the index of motor activity, the content of atypical forms of sperm is estimated.Results:It was found that the offspring of experimental animals has a decrease in the total sperm count in 1 ml of epididymal suspension.In this case, an increase in the number of atypical forms and inhibition of the viability of spermatozoa occurs, as evidenced by a decrease in their motor activity.Conclusions: The results obtained convincingly indicate that offspring of mothers with experimental diabetes mellitus are born with a violation of the morphofunctional formation of the male reproductive system.
Introduction
Authors: Makovicky Nicolette , Smith Robin
Published: June 2020

This special issue decenters tax as an analytic device for understanding the relationship between state and citizen while examining the limits of social contract thinking. Focusing on how citizens interpret and react to state efforts to promote fiscal citizenship, it sheds light on contemporary fiscal structures and public debates about the moralities, practices, and imaginaries of tax systems. The contributors use tax to explore the nature of citizenship, personal freedom, and moral and economic value. They also highlight how taxation may be influenced by spaces of fiscal sovereignty that exist outside or alongside the state in the form of alternative religious and economic communities.
God's Delivery State
Authors: Kauppinen Anna-Riikka
Published: June 2020

Middle-class Christians in Ghana’s capital Accra voice ambivalence about paying taxes: some claim that the government wastes their hard-earned money, while others consider taxes a Christian duty enshrined in the scripture. By contrast, most Christians in Accra esteem tithes to churches as contributions that yield infrastructural ‘development’ and divine favor. Drawing on the explicit comparisons that Ghanaian Christians make between the benefits of paying taxes vis-à-vis paying tithes, this article argues that taxes exist as part of a wider conceptual universe of monetary transfers. The efficacy of such transfers is evaluated in relation to what I call a ‘rightful return’. The unveiling of tithes as the counterpoint to taxes ultimately elicits an emergent Ghanaian conception of the public good between the state and God’s Kingdom.
Contesting the Social Contract
Authors: Smith Robin
Published: June 2020

This article investigates how Istrian business owners challenged the Croatian government’s motivation for and enforcement of fiskalizacija, an automated VAT reform adopted in 2013 as Croatia prepared for EU membership. Fiskalizacija threatened local economic agency and sowed distrust in government. The analysis of this tax reform demonstrates how Istrians envisage their economic agency, rights, and responsibilities. I argue that it is not just the construction of fiscal systems, but how such a system is projected onto society that is fundamental to the development of state-society relations. The way in which a tax reform is put into effect, including the enforcement practices of state agents, shapes how citizens perceive the social contract to be constituted by fiscal regimes.
Afterword
Authors: Venkatesan Soumhya
Published: June 2020

Placing the anthropology of tax and taxation in conversation with the anthropology of ethics yields productive insights into both subfields. This is because discussions and disputations about tax and taxation reveal the ways in which people articulate and evaluate their relations with others, with the state, with ‘ought’ and ‘is’, and in terms of ownership and responsibility. They open up the complex relationship between legal obligations construed as moral and ethical understandings that are grounded in reflection and seek to articulate and enact particular understandings of the ‘good’ and ‘right’. This afterword draws on my own research with English right-wing activists, the articles that make up this special issue, and key discussions in the anthropology of ethics.