bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
36  Hz integral linewidth laser based on a photonic integrated 4.0  m coil resonator
Authors: Liu Kaikai , Chauhan Nitesh , Wang Jiawei , Isichenko Andrei , Brodnik Grant M. , Morton Paul A. , Behunin Ryan O. , Papp Scott B. , Blumenthal Daniel J.
Published: June 2022

Laser
stabilization sits at the heart of many precision scientific
experiments and applications, including quantum information science,
metrology, and atomic timekeeping. Many of these systems narrow the
laser linewidth and stabilize the carrier by use of Pound–Drever–Hall
(PDH) locking to a table-scale, ultrahigh quality factor (Q), vacuum
spaced Fabry–Perot reference cavity. Integrating these cavities to
bring characteristics of PDH stabilization to the chip scale is
critical to reducing their size, cost, and weight, and enabling a wide
range of portable and system-on-chip applications. We report a
significant advance in integrated laser linewidth narrowing,
stabilization, and noise reduction by use of a photonic integrated
4.0 m long coil resonator to stabilize a semiconductor laser. We
achieve a 36 Hz

1

/

π

-integral linewidth, Allan deviation
of

1.8

×

10

−
13

at 10 ms measurement time, and a
2.3 kHz/s drift—to the best of our knowledge, the lowest integral
linewidth and highest stability demonstrated for an integrated
waveguide reference cavity. This performance represents over an order
of magnitude improvement in integral linewidth and frequency noise
over previous integrated waveguide PDH stabilized reference cavities
and bulk-optic and integrated injection locked approaches, and over
two orders of magnitude improvement in frequency and phase noise than
integrated injection locked approaches. Two different wavelength coil
designs are demonstrated, stabilizing lasers at 1550 nm and 1319 nm.
The resonator is bus-coupled to a 4.0 m long coil, with a 49 MHz free
spectral range, mode volume of

1.0

×

10

10

µ

m

3

, and 142 million intrinsic

Q

, fabricated in a CMOS compatible,
ultralow loss silicon nitride waveguide platform. Our measurements and
simulations show that the thermorefractive noise floor for this
particular cavity is reached for frequencies down to 20 Hz in an
ambient environment with simple passive vibration isolation and
without vacuum or thermal isolation. The thermorefractive noise
limited performance is estimated to yield an 8 Hz

1

/

π

-integral linewidth and Allan
deviation of

5

×

10

−
14

at 10 ms, opening a stability regime
that heretofore has been available only in fundamentally
non-integrated systems. These results demonstrate the potential to
bring the characteristics of laboratory-scale stabilized lasers to the
integrated, wafer-scale compatible chip scale, and are of interest for
a number of applications in quantum technologies and atomic,
molecular, and optical physics, and with further developments below
10 Hz linewidth, can be highly relevant to ultralow noise microwave
generation.
Systematic identification of molecular mediators of interspecies sensing in a community of two frequently coinfecting bacterial pathogens
Authors: Zarrella Tiffany M. , Khare Anupama
Published: June 2022

Bacteria typically exist in dynamic, multispecies communities where polymicrobial interactions influence fitness. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions is critical for understanding and modulating bacterial behavior in natural environments. While bacterial responses to foreign species are frequently characterized at the molecular and phenotypic level, the exogenous molecules that elicit these responses are understudied. Here, we outline a systematic strategy based on transcriptomics combined with genetic and biochemical screens of promoter-reporters to identify the molecules from one species that are sensed by another. We utilized this method to study interactions between the pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus that are frequently found in coinfections. We discovered that P. aeruginosa senses diverse staphylococcal exoproducts including the metallophore staphylopine (StP), intermediate metabolites citrate and acetoin, and multiple molecules that modulate its iron starvation response. We observed that StP inhibits biofilm formation and that P. aeruginosa can utilize citrate and acetoin for growth, revealing that these interactions have both antagonistic and beneficial effects. Due to the unbiased nature of our approach, we also identified on a genome scale the genes in S. aureus that affect production of each sensed exoproduct, providing possible targets to modify multispecies community dynamics. Further, a combination of these identified S. aureus products recapitulated a majority of the transcriptional response of P. aeruginosa to S. aureus supernatant, validating our screening strategy. Cystic fibrosis (CF) clinical isolates of both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa also showed varying degrees of induction or responses, respectively, which suggests that these interactions are widespread among pathogenic strains. Our screening approach thus identified multiple S. aureus secreted molecules that are sensed by P. aeruginosa and affect its physiology, demonstrating the efficacy of this approach, and yielding new insight into the molecular basis of interactions between these two species.
Budget impact analysis of HARMONIC FOCUS™+ Shears for mastectomy and breast-conserving surgery with axillary lymph node dissection compared with monopolar electrocautery from an Italian hospital perspective
Authors: Piemontese Alessandra , Galvain Thibaut , Swindells Lirazel , Parago Vito , Tommaselli Giovanni , Jamous Nadine
Published: June 2022

Background

Mastectomy or breast conserving surgery, both with axillary lymph node dissection, are common treatments for early-stage breast cancer. Monopolar electrocautery is typically used for both procedures, despite evidence of improved clinical outcomes with HARMONIC FOCUS™+. This analysis evaluated the budget impact of adopting HARMONIC FOCUS™+ versus monopolar electrocautery for patients undergoing these procedures from an Italian hospital perspective.

Methods

Total costs for an annual caseload of 100 patients undergoing mastectomy or breast conserving surgery, with axillary lymph node dissection, with either the intervention or comparator were calculated. Italian clinical and cost input data were utilised. The analysis included costs for the device, operating room time, postoperative length of stay, treating seroma and managing postoperative chest wall drainage. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses assessed uncertainty of model input values. Two scenario analyses investigated the impact of conservative estimates of postoperative length of stay reduction and daily hospital cost on the simulated cost difference.

Results

HARMONIC FOCUS™+ achieves annual savings of EUR 100,043 compared with monopolar electrocautery, derived from lower costs for operating room time, postoperative length of stay and seroma and postoperative chest wall drainage management, offsetting the incremental device cost increase (EUR 43,268). Cost savings are maintained in scenario analyses and across all variations in parameters in deterministic sensitivity analysis, with postoperative hospital stay costs being key drivers of budget impact. The mean (interquartile range) cost savings with HARMONIC FOCUS™+ versus monopolar electrocautery in probabilistic sensitivity analysis are EUR 101,637 (EUR 64,390–137,093) with a 98% probability of being cost saving.

Conclusions

The intervention demonstrates robust cost savings compared with monopolar electrocautery for mastectomy or breast conserving surgery, with axillary lymph node dissection, in an Italian hospital setting, and improved clinical and resource outcomes. These findings, with other clinical and cost analyses, support HARMONIC FOCUS™+ use in this setting.
The Berlin Misophonia Questionnaire Revised (BMQ-R): Development and validation of a symptom-oriented diagnostical instrument for the measurement of misophonia
Authors: Remmert Nico , Schmidt Katharina Maria Beate , Mussel Patrick , Hagel Minne Luise , Eid Michael
Published: June 2022

Misophonia is a clinical syndrome which is characterized by intense emotional and physical reactions to idiosyncratic sounds. However, its psychometric measurement is still in the early stages. This study describes the optimization of a self-report instrument, the Berlin Misophonia Questionnaire (BMQ), and addresses its strengths in comparison to existing psychometric measures. This new measure integrates contemporary empirical findings and is based on the latest criteria of misophonia. A cross-sectional online study was conducted using data of 952 affected as well as non-affected individuals. The final BMQ-R consists of 77 items in 21 scales, which were selected using a probabilistic item selection algorithm (Ant Colony Optimization). The results of confirmatory factor analyses, the assessment of reliability, and an extensive construct validation procedure supported the reliability and validity of the developed scales. One outstanding strength of the BMQ-R is its comprehensive measurement of misophonic emotional and physical responses. The instrument further allows for distinguishing between behavioral, cognitive, and emotional dysregulation; the measurement of clinical insight and significance; as well as discerning reactive and anticipating avoidance strategies. Our work offers several improvements to the measurement of misophonia by providing a reliable and valid multidimensional diagnostical instrument. In line with the scientific consensus on defining misophonia, the BMQ-R allows to formally recognize individuals with misophonia and so to compare findings of future studies. Undoubtedly, this measure fills a research gap, which we hope will facilitate the investigation of causes and treatment of misophonia.
I don’t know what type of arthritis I have: A population-based comparison of people with arthritis who knew their specific type and those who didn’t
Authors: Badley Elizabeth M. , Wilfong Jessica M. , Chan Christina H. , Canizares Mayilee , Perruccio Anthony V.
Published: June 2022

Objective

To understand differences between people with arthritis who do not know their type (DK) compared to those reporting osteoarthritis (OA) or inflammatory and autoimmune types of arthritis (IAA), including the receipt of appropriate health care, information, and services.

Methods

Analysis of the Survey on Living with Chronic Disease in Canada–Arthritis Component. Respondents aged ≥20 years with health professional-diagnosed arthritis (n = 4,385) were characterized as reporting DK, OA or IAA. Variables: arthritis characteristics (duration, number and site of joints affected), arthritis impact (current pain and fatigue, difficulty in sleeping and daily activities, impact on life), health (self-rated general and mental health, life stress), arthritis management strategies (seeing health professionals, medication use, assistive devices, receipt of arthritis information, self-management activities). Multinomial logistic and log-Poisson regressions were used, as appropriate, to compare the DK to the OA and IAA groups.

Results

In this arthritis sample, 44.2% were in the DK group, 38.3% reported OA and 17.5% reported IAA. Those in the DK group were more likely to be younger, have low income, low education, and be of non-white cultural background compared to those with OA. There were no significant differences in arthritis impact, but the DK group was less likely to have received information on, or have used, arthritis management strategies.

Conclusions

The sociodemographic characteristics of the DK group suggest they likely have lower health literacy. They were less likely to have accessed health care and other support services, indicating this is an important group for health education, both for individuals with arthritis and health care providers.
One-year mortality of emergency department patients with substance-induced psychosis
Authors: Barbic David , Whyte Madelyn , Sidhu Gurwinder , Luongo Allesandra , Chakraborty Tapash Apu , Scheuermeyer Frank , Honer William G. , Stenstrom Robert
Published: June 2022

Objectives

Psychosis is a well established complication of non-prescription drug use. We sought to measure the 1-year mortality of emergency department patients with substance-induced psychosis (SIP).

Methods

This study was a multi-centre, retrospective electronic medical records review of patients presenting to the ED with substance-induced psychosis (SIP). We interrogated the hospital ED database from Jan 1, 2018 and Jan 1, 2019 to identify consecutive patients. All patients were followed for one year from index visit, and classified as alive/dead at that time. Patients were included in the study if they met the following criteria: 1) ED discharge diagnosis of psychosis NOS and a positive urine drugs of abuse screen (UDAS) or the patient verbally endorsed drug use, or 2) Mental disorder due to drug use and “disorganized thought”, “bizarre behavior” or “delusional behavior” documented in the chart and one or more of the following criteria: a) arrival with police, b) mental health certification, c) physical restraints, d) chemical restraints. We excluded patients who were not British Columbia residents, since we were unable to ascertain if they were alive or dead at 1 year from their index ED visit. Primary statistical analysis was logistic regression for risk of death in 1 year, based on plausible risk factors, selected a priori.

Results

We identified 813 presentations for SIP (620 unique patients). The median age of the entire cohort was 35 years (IQR 28–44), and 69.5% (n = 565) were male. Thirty five patients (4.3%; 95% CI 3.2–5.9) had died one year after their initial presentation to the ED for SIP. Separate multivariable logistic regression analyses, controlling for age, demonstrated schizophrenia (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.8–11.1) significantly associated with increased 1-year mortality.

Conclusions

In our study of patients presenting to the ED with SIP, the 1-year mortality was 4.3%. Controlling for age, schizophrenia was a notable risk factor for increased 1-year mortality.
Pesticide misuse among small Andean farmers stems from pervasive misinformation by retailers
Authors: Struelens Quentin François , Rivera Marco , Alem Zabalaga Mariana , Ccanto Raúl , Quispe Tarqui Reinaldo , Mina Diego , Carpio Carlos , Yumbla Mantilla María Rosa , Osorio Mélany , Roman Soraya , Muñoz Diego , Dangles Olivier
Published: June 2022

A critical issue in the context of sustainable agriculture is the reduction of pesticides. Despite well-known adverse effects, farmers around the world continue using pesticides with mostly inappropriate ways. Relevant policies have assumed that farmers themselves are primarily responsible for pesticide misuse. However, the responsibility of pesticide retailers has never been quantified due to the difficulty in obtaining reliable data. An empirical study was conducted with smallholder farmers who collected 9,670 pesticide retailers’ recommendations from 1489 surveys in the highlands of Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru. This original design allowed obtaining for the first time genuine responses about pesticide recommendations from retailers at a large scale. When comparing retailers’ recommendations with product datasheets, the results suggest that 88.2% of recommendations standards were incorrectly followed resulting in dosing recommendations that were either excessive or insufficient and accurate less than 12% of the time. An in-depth analysis also showed that 79.2% of recommended products pertained to only 6 modes of action, thus increasing the risks of pest resistance. An expert retailer model further showed that all highly toxic pesticides could be replaced by less-toxic ones. Several ways to alleviate these detrimental consequences are proposed, by acting at the root of pesticide misuse–at the retailer’s recommendation stage.
Factors Influencing Ethical Sensitivity of Nursing Students
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Yoon Jung
Published: June 2022

This study was attempted to contribute to the development of educational programs to increase ethical sensitivity by examining the degree of ethical sensitivity of nursing students and identifying the relationship between related variables. The data collection p eriod was from S eptember 2 0 to October 1 0, 2 01 9, a nd 1 35 s tudents in t he 3rd a nd 4 th g rades of t he department of nursing in G city were targeted. As a result of this study, the ethical sensitivity of nursing students showed a statistically significant difference according to major satisfaction and college life satisfaction. The higher the degree of nursing professionalism of nursing students, the higher the degree of ethical sensitivity (r=.70, p<.001), and the nursing professionalism of nursing students was found to be the strongest influencing variable explaining ethical sensitivity (t= 10.39, p<.001). Finally, nursing professionalism and college life satisfaction of nursing students explained ethical sensitivity by 50.5%. Based on these results, in order to increase the ethical sensitivity of nursing students, it is necessary to establish and strengthen nursing professionalism, and a plan to increase college life satisfaction by encouraging an autonomous college life atmosphere should be prepared.
Effect of Non-pharmacological Interventions Designed for Community-dwelling Korean Older Adults with Sleep Disturbance
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Park Jooyeon
Published: June 2022

This study was to review non-pharmacologic intervention programs designed to ameliorate symptoms in community-dwilling Korean older adults with sleep disturbance. Methods: A systematic search was performed Korean and English keywords in nine electronic databases. Four studies were included in the sample for the systematic review. Results: Quasi-experimental designs were used in two studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were used in two studies. Non-pharmacological interventions included exercise, acupressure, aroma therapy and laughter therapy. It was shown that acupressure, aroma therapy and laughter therapy were effective in alleviating sleep disturbance, but exercise’s efficacy depended on the intensity and frequency of the intervention. Conclusion: The results provide a basis for the development of interventions to improve the sleep disturbance. The results of the interventions should be generalized by confirming the effectiveness and consistency of the interventions, taking into account its intensity and frequency.
The impact of non-motor disorders on the quality of life of patients with cervical muscular dystonia
Authors: Nodel M. R. , Salouhina N. I. , Tolmacheva V. A.
Published: June 2022

Cervical dystonia (CD) has a wide range of non-motor (neuropsychiatric, sensory, dyssomnic) disorders. Relationships between dystonia, nonmotor manifestations of the disease and patients quality of life (QoL) require clarification.

Objective: to clarify the impact of dystonia, sensory, affective, behavioral disorders, quality of sleep and wakefulness on the quality of life of patients with CD.

Patients and methods. We examined 61 patients with CD (mean age – 48.03±11.49 years, mean duration of CD – 4.89±4.05 years). We used Toronto Western Hospital Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS), Cervical Dystonia Quality of Life Questionnaire (CDQ-24, with five subscales: «stigma», «emotional wellbeing», «pain», «activities of daily living», «social/family life»), Spielberger–Khanin Inventory (STAI),Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Barratt Behavioral Impulsivity (BIS-11), Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), Stroop Test (VST), 12 Word Memory Test, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Assessment Scale (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).

Results and discussion. There was a deterioration in all characteristics of QoL in patients with CD, largely in emotional well-being, stigmatization, pain syndrome (50% change from the maximum CDQ-24 score). A statistically significant moderate correlation was established between the total assessment of QoL and the severity of dystonia (r=0.35; p<0.01), a statistically significant strong correlation between the total assessment of QoL and depression index (r=0.73; p<0.001 ), moderate strength correlation – with indicators of anxiety (r=0.65; p<0.01), obsessivecompulsive disorders (r=0.61; p<0.01), sleep quality (r=0.52; p<0.001), impulsiveness in behavior (r=0.31; p<0.01), weak relationship with the assessment of executive cognitive functions (according to the Stroop test interference index; r=0.24; p<0.01). A statistically significant moderate correlation was found between the assessments of activity in everyday, social/family life and impulsiveness in behavior (r=0.33; p<0.001); between stigma, emotional well-being and an indicator of executive cognitive functions (r=0.3; p<0.05). There were no statistically significant relationships between indicators of affective, cognitive functions, behavioral disorders and the severity of dystonia. There was a moderate correlation between pain score and dystonia severity (r=0.35; p<0.01).

Conclusion. The decrease in QoL in patients with CD is largely due to affective, sensory, and behavioral disorders. Diagnosis and appropriate therapy of the non-motor aspects of the disease are required for adequately improvement of QoL of patients.
The efficacy of ipidacrine in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy
Authors: Kamchatnov P. R. , Barantsevich E. R. , Chugunov A. V. , Kabanov A. A. , Abusueva B. A.
Published: June 2022

Peripheral nervous system involvement in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is a severe complication associated with a decrease in the quality of life, the development of disability and lethal outcomes. The most negative in terms of prognosis is autonomic diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN).

Objective: to study the effectiveness of the drug ipidacrine (Ipigrix) in patients with DPN.

Patients and methods. 49 patients with DPN were observed, they were divided into three groups. Patients of the 1st group (n=16) received ipidacrine 20 mg orally 3 times a day for 60 days, patients of the 2nd group (n=17) received ipidacrine 15 mg 1 time per day intramuscularly for 15 days, then – 20 mg 3 times a day orally up to 2 months; patients of the 3rd group (n=16) received only basic therapy. The clinical condition, severity of pain syndrome according to the Neurological Symptoms Score (NSS), vegetative tests, and treatment tolerance were assessed.

Results and discussion. The therapy was effective in terms of reducing the severity of neuropathic pain syndrome, as well as normalizing the results of vegetative tests. In patients of the 1st group, the total scores on the NSS scale decreased by 37% (p<0.05) by the 60th day of treatment. In patients of the 2nd group, the total scores on the NSS scale decreased by 22% by the 30th day (p<0.05) and by 35% (p<0.05) by the 60th day of treatment. A pronounced positive effect in terms of vegetative tests was noted on the 60th day of treatment in the 1st and 2nd groups of patients. No adverse events were observed during the treatment period in any of patients of the 1st and the 2nd groups. In the comparison group, there were no significant changes in scores on the NSS scale and indicators of vegetative samples.

Conclusion. The effectiveness of the drug ipidacrine (Ipigrix) in patients with pain and vegetative manifestations of DPN was noted.
Hemimasticatory spasm: possibilities of treatment with injections of botulinum neuroprotein type A (case report)
Authors: Valieva L. U. , Pankratov A. S. , Orlova O. R.
Published: June 2022

Objective: to study the possibilities and effectiveness of treatment of patients with hemimasticatory spasm (HMS) with injections of botulinum neuroprotein type A (BNPA). The authors present a clinical case of long-term HMS: a 50-year-old patient, who suffered from the age of 20 from frequent involuntary muscle contractions that occurred in the temporal and masticatory muscles of the left half of the face. The patient was observed by neurologists for a long time, while the prescribed therapy did not have a satisfactory result. In the process of a comprehensive examination of the patient, in addition to intense involuntary contraction and pronounced hypertrophy of the affected muscles, secondary compensatory changes in other masticatory muscles were revealed, both on the side of the lesion and on the opposite side. BNPA treatment led to a robust improvement in the patient's condition.

For patients with a long course of HMS and hypertrophy of the muscles involved in the pathological process, the use of bilateral injections of BNPA is the method of choice, since it not only effectively reduces the number of episodes, but also restores muscle balance, and also restores the motor function of the entire masticatory muscle group.
Combined therapy for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zakharov V. V. , Lokshina A. V. , Vakhnina N. V.
Published: June 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of cognitive impairment and dementia. A non-systematic review of literature is presented, which discusses the clinical features and current criteria for diagnosis of this disease. The review presents classifications of cognitive impairments, including severity, as well as diagnostic criteria for various stages of dementia. The main approaches to the management of patients with dementia in AD as the disease progresses are highlighted. Modern publications dedicated to the problem of combined therapy of dementia in AD with donepezil and memantine are considered. The fixed combination of these drugs in a single tablet once daily regimen has been shown to provide significant benefits over acetylcholinesterase inhibitor monotherapy, especially in patients with dysphagia, poor adherence to treatment and limited interaction with caregivers.
Anticoagulant therapy as a part of secondary stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Ostroumova O. D. , Ostroumova T. M.
Published: June 2022

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the main cause of cardioembolic ischemic stroke (IS), it occurs in 25–35% of patients with IS, and its presence increases the risk of recurrent stroke compared with patients with sinus rhythm. The main method of preventing recurrent IS in AF is the administration of oral anticoagulants (OACs); in non-valvular AF, direct OACs (DOACs) have an advantage. Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials showed a 19% greater reduction of stroke and systemic embolism risk in the DOACs group compared to warfarin (p<0.0001), including a 51% greater hemorrhagic stroke (HS) risk reduction (p<0.0001). In an additional sub-analysis of the ARISTOTLE trial, patients with AF and a history of stroke/transient ischemic attack showed a significant reduction in the risk of all types of strokes and HS. Although no randomized trial explored the direct comparisons of drugs from the DOACs group, data from observational studies indicate the potential advantage of apixaban in terms of reducing the risk of IS. Russian 2020 clinical guidelines for AF treatment suggest that the resumption/initiation (1–3–12 days) of anticoagulant therapy after an IS should be determined by the decision of a multidis ciplinary team (neurologist, cardiologist, neuroimaging specialist) based on recurrent IS and bleeding risk assessment. According to the 2020 guidelines of the Ministry of Health, the resumption of OACs therapy after an intracranial hemorrhage in patients with AF may be recommended 4–8 weeks after the event, and the decision to reinitiate therapy, as well as after IS, should be made by a multidisciplinary team.
ممارسات الموارد البشرية الخضراء وأثرها على الاداء البيئي المستدام في الشركات النفطية: دراسة تطبيقية في الشركات النفطية بجنوب العراق
Authors: Assalmi Akram S. F. , Al-Khaqani Yosuf Y. J.
Published: June 2022

يهدف البحث الحالي الى معرفة طبيعة العلاقة بين ممارسات إدارة الموارد البشرية الخضراء (Green HRM) والاداء البيئي المستدام، وكذلك بيان تأثير المتغير المستقل ممارسات إدارة الموارد البشرية الخضراء بأبعادها الاربعة (التوظيف الأخضر، التدريب الأخضر، تقييم الأداء الاخضر، إدارة المكافآت الخضراء) والذي تم قياسه باستخدام مقياس (Ullah، 2017) على المتغير التابع الاداء البيئي المستدام بأبعاده الاربعة (الادارة والتدريب، الهواء والضوضاء، النفايات والماء، الطاقة) والذي تم قياسه باستخدام مقياس((Tam et al. 2006. وتم تطبيق البحث على الشركات النفطية العاملة في جنوب العراق وتم اختيار عينة عشوائية بسيطة مكونة من (144) عاملا في الشركات النفطية عينة الدراسة، واعتمد البحث الاستبيان اداة رئيسة لجمع البيانات، وقد سعى لاختبار علاقة الارتباط والتأثير لبيان العلاقة بين متغيرات البحث، وتم اجراء العديد من الاختبارات الاحصائية لمعالجة البيانات منها اختبار الفا كور نباخ و المتوسط الحسابي الموزون والانحراف المعياري ومعامل الارتباط البسيط وتحليل الانحدار باستخدام البرنامج الاحصائي (SPSS VR.23).
التدقيق الاجتماعي و مساهمته في تقييم أداء الموارد البشرية دراسة حالة في شركة كوران نيت
Authors: Mustafa Bahar K. , Alsalihy Vian S. H. , Ahmad Brwa S.
Published: June 2022

تهدف الدراسة إلى التّعرّف على مدى مساهمة التدقيق الاجتماعي في تقييم أداء الموارد البشريّة لشركة كوران نيت من خلال مؤشرات ( التوظيف، التدريب، الأجور و المكافئة ، المناخ التنظيمي). ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة ، تم إعداد استبيان وتوزيعه على الموظفين في الشركة (محل الدراسة)، ثُمّ تَمّ تحليل البيانات بواسطة برنامج SPSS . خلّصت الدراسة عن عدد من النتائج منها: الاهتمام بالتدقيق الاجتماعي من قبل الشركة (محل الدراسة) و يظهر بأنّ الموظفين يؤدون واجباتهم ويمارسون اعمالهم على أكمل وجهٍ، مما يدل على رضاهم بما تقدّمه الشركة، و تحسين أداء الموارد البشريّة يرتبط بعوامل أخرى داخليّة دون التدقيق الاجتماعي، فضلاً أنّ التدقيق الاجتماعي لا يساهم في تقييم أداء المورد البشري أي لا توجد علاقة و تاثير بين مؤشرات التدقيق الاجتماعي و أداء المورد البشري في شركة محل الدراسة. أوصت الدراسة بضرورة قيام بالدورات في مجالات التدقيق الاجتماعي لرفع الوعي بأهمية التدقيق الاجتماعي و خاصة في مجال الموارد البشرية.
The Southern Ottoman Kurdistan Trade During The 19th Century
Authors:   Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zakho, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Mustafa Algawadi Ghassan W.
Published: June 2022

The current research sheds light on some of the activities related to trading the nineteenth century in the Kurdish cities, markets, storehouses, travel routes, merchants, crops, products, natural or locally made products. The research also discusses the local or regional partners who were parts of the trade business, especially the Iranian cities and the cities in the south of Anatol. The research examines the most important imported and exported goods. The research also shows that trading was not restricted to certain merchants, all people had the chance to trade. In addition, the obstacles faced by the tradesmen in this area, such as the instability because of the policy of the walli (governors) or because of the bad roads, or the because of tribal rules, are discussed. The research offers more details concerning the life in the Kurdish society at that time through the trade business of this region. Due to lack of literature related to the trade in the Kurdish cities during the Ottoman empire, especially the numbers and statistics about the size of the goods imported and exported in the southern Kurdistan region during that period, more focus is placed on the nineteenth century as there is clearer information about this period. The research depends on the valuable observations provided by the travelers who visited southern Kurdistan as well as some information available on the registry of the Iraqi willayat about the trade business of the Kurdish cities.
Fantastic Events in Both Novels the City of Whit Musicians and Daghdw
Authors:   Department of Kurdish Language, Faculty of Education, Koya University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Saeed Azad M. , Abdulah Mohammed A. ,   Department of Kurdish Language, College of Languages, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Published: June 2022

Much is said about the importance of the plot in literature. Through history different understand is offered about plot, one of which is “fantastic plot” by Tzvetan Todorov. The fantastic plot is about plots which are extraordinary and many references to reality are involved. The current research adopts Todorov’s fantastic plot theory to approach two Kurdish novels, namely Bakhtiyar Ali’s The City of White Musician’s and Khasraw Jaff’s Dagdw. The research is divided into three parts, in the first part, the methodology and theortical background of the study is provided, then the two analytic chapters are followed which are dedicated to analyzing Bakhtyiar Ali and Khasraw Jaff’s novels.
The Principles of Children Literature in Zara Ahmed Jaf’s Writings
Authors:   Department of Kurdish Language, College of Basic Education, University of Raparin, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Salh Omer M. , Ahmed Safya M. ,   Department of Kurdish Language, College of Basic Education, University of Raparin, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Published: June 2022

Literature has a positive influence on children and it is an appropriate field whereby they can be disciplined, motivated and encouraged. It also helps children to surpass their education and develop a charismatic personality. According to philosophers and experts, children literature involves a number of dimensions; therefore it is purposeful and it has a mission through which children children can get a high or a typical model.This study is an attempt to understand the content and the literary dimensions of children literature in Zara Ahmad Jaf’s writings, an outstanding pen from Raparin area, to show the educational, religious, social, psychological, environmental, and physical well being facets reflected in her works. Children could be acquainted to these dimensions so much so that they are instilled in them and become part of their personality. We aim to pay more attention to the moral lessons and values put at the service of the pure and innocent world of children through this rich literature. Children’s literature can be an accurate mirror of children’s future life so that they will be able to see the blue sky (positive side) of life, as directing them to thses principles will encourage them to be more hopeful and optimistic. Therefore, it is worthwhile to study these issues scientifically through which children can be fine-tuned, can identify their skills and can have a clear vision. The paper ends with the list of references and the abstract in English.
Green Port Strategies in Developed Coastal Countries as Useful Lessons for the Path of Sustainable Development: A case study in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Phuong , Nguyen Phuoc Quy Phong , Nguyen Thanh Phuong
Published: June 2022

The global shipping industry has been contributing more than four-fifths of the volume of goods transported internationally. However, shipping is facing pressure from strict policies on combating climate change from the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Seaports are an essential component of shipping and are also having to change their development strategies to be more sustainable and smarter. The concept of a green port was born as an inevitable part of the green economic development path. Green port system development policies and strategies have been discussed and studied in recent literature reviews, and have revealed the limited reach of developing countries. This work focuses on evaluating successful green port policies and concepts in developed countries to highlight the distinctive features of green ports. Moreover, the experiences from the effective green port models of developed countries can be valuable lessons for developing countries like Vietnam. More interestingly, the core features of green ports, when piloted at several international ports in Vietnam, promote port efficiency and environmental friendliness. On the way to implementing the national green port strategy, Vietnam has been establishing legal and infrastructure corridors to realize the strategy of sustainable marine economic development by 2045.
Product Quality, Promotion And Price Perception Of Purchasing Decisions (Study On Consumers Of Kopi Janji Jiwa Tembalang Semarang City)
Authors: Widyakto Adhi , Puspitasari Diana , Suryawardana Edy
Published: June 2022

The consequences of product quality, promotion, and price assumption to the purchase decision in Coffee Kopi Janji Jiwatembalang Semarang. Respondents wore non-random sampling illustration methods. This illustration is wearing Purposive Sampling method, there are also criteria used are consumers or customers of the lowest age of 15 years, minimun once tasted coffee Kopi Janji Jiwa Semarang and the last had arrived at Kopi Janji Jiwa Tembalang Semarang. Methods of collecting information by wearing questionnaires and have been tested for validity and reliability. In testing product quality variables, the promotional decameter price assumption to the researcher's purchase provisions put on multiple linear regression analysis. There are also results showing if the quality of the product, promotion and price assumptions have a positive and significant influence.
ANALISIS PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN MELALUI VARIABEL KESIAPAN UNTUK BERUBAH SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING DALAM MENGHADAPI REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0 (Studi Pada Karyawan PT. PELNI Persero Jakarta )
Authors: Saf’ani Faiz , Ratnawati Intan
Published: June 2022

The 4th development of Industrial Revolution gives effect in industrial sector including maritime industrial sector. In the existing of dynamical change, Organizational Culture needs special treatment to increase employee’s performance. Besides, in the process of change, the readiness for change existed in employee is also important thing that needs attention to gain changes (transformation) which is suitable with the organization’s purposes. This research aims to know and analyze the effect of organizational culture variable towards employee’s performance through their readiness for change as mediator in one of Indonesian State Owned-Enterprises (BUMN), PT. PELNI (Persero) Jakarta. Research sample are permanent employee in PT. PELNI (Persero) Jakarta and already joined the program of company culture internalization for the agent of changes. The analysis of data is done by validity test, reliability test, classic assumption test, Path analysis, T test, F test, coefficient of determination test, also sobel test to know the effect of mediation. The result of research shows that Organizational Culture gives positive and significant effects to employee’s performance and the readiness for change; The Readiness for change give positive and significant effects to employee’s performance. Besides, the variable of Readiness for Change is proved to be able to mediate the relationship between Organizational Culture and employee’s performance, although the indirect-effect is fewer than direct-effect, so that this research can be suggestion for future research to more explore the variable of readiness for change as independent variable in the context of Industrial Revolution 4.0.
Gender differences in foreign language classroom anxiety: Results of a meta-analysis
Authors: Piniel Katalin , Zólyomi Anna
Published: June 2022

Exploring language learners’ anxiety is not a neglected area of inquiry in applied linguistics research, which can primarily be attributed to the publication of the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS), an influential instrument developed by Horwitz et al. (1986) to measure language anxiety. An ever-growing array of studies has employed the FLCAS and analyzed the underlying relationship between the focal construct and foreign language achievement, various individual difference variables and a variety of demographic variables, such as learning experiences, age, and gender. Despite the considerable number of publications, studies focusing on biographical variables and language anxiety have not been conclusive. The aim of the present meta-analysis is to analyze 48 studies that employed the FLCAS to look at the potential gender differences with respect to language anxiety. Although there is great variation in the methodological and reporting practices in the studies included, and findings show a tendency for females to experience higher foreign language anxiety, gender-related differences are not statistically significant. The results of moderator analyses showed that neither age nor target language, regional context, or, in the case of university students, their majors, influence this relationship.
Agentive engagement in intercultural communication by L2 English-speaking international faculty and their L2 English-speaking host colleagues
Authors: Kang Dae-Min
Published: June 2022

The present study investigated agentive one-on-one intercultural communication between L2 English-speaking international faculty and their L2 English-speaking host colleagues in relation to identity (re)construction. Two foreign professors and their Chinese faculty colleagues participated in the study. The research instruments consisted of reflective journal writing and in-depth, semi-structured interviews. The results indicated that the occasions of the faculty’s communication at Chinese universities were both influenced by and influenced a number of factors. These factors represented self- and other-positioning, agency, appropriation of native speakerism, face-threatening acts, and alterity. Based on the findings of the study, research implications are provided.
Recent modified air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction applications for medicines and organic compounds in various samples: A review
Authors: Azooz Ebaa Adnan , Al-Wani Huda Ssafaa Abdulwahhab , Gburi Muna Shakir , Al-Muhanna Estabraq Hassan Badder
Published: June 2022

Air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction (AALLME) is a procedure for sample preparation that has high recoveries and high preconcentration factors while using a small amount of extractants. This procedure has gained widespread acceptance among scientists due to a variety of advantages, including its easiness, being cheap, green, and available in most laboratories. The current review has focused on the analysis of medicines and organic compounds using various modes of AALLME. The use of various extractants and support factors were developed in many modes of AALLME. A review of literature revealed that the procedure is used as a powerful and efficient approach for extracting medicals and organic compounds. This review explained 12 different types of AALLME methods. The findings on the modifications of AALLME modes that have been published are summarized. Future directions are also being discussed.
An overview of prognostic value of neurologic and cardiac biomarkers in patients with COVID-19 sequelae
Authors: Umesh Madhusudhan , Singaravelu Vidya , Daulatabad Vandana , Kamble Prafull , Singhal Anish , John Nitin Ashok , John Jyoti
Published: June 2022

Many studies conducted after the pandemic period revealed that, while COVID-19 primarily injured the lungs, it also affects other organs in the form of cardiovascular complications, metabolic derangements, renal damage, and so on. Although we know that inflammatory cascades, complement activation, and pro-inflammatory cytokines are all involved in vasculitic processes that cause organ damage, we do not know the exact mechanism of complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), cardiovascular ischemia, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary thromboembolism, and brain injuries (embolism) that are frequently observed in COVID 19. The currently available biomarkers do not predict the severity of the aforementioned complications. As a result, more specific biomarkers such as serum calcium binding protein (S100B), glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), myelin basic protein (MBP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), hs-TNI, (highly sensitive cardiac troponin) – HBDH, (Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase), CK-MB (creatine kinase myocardial band), ST2 (suppression of tumorigenicity 2) are in need for early detection & improved clinical outcome.
Transfer RNA processing – from a structural and disease perspective
Authors: Sekulovski Samoil , Trowitzsch Simon
Published: June 2022

Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are highly structured non-coding RNAs which play key roles in translation and cellular homeostasis. tRNAs are initially transcribed as precursor molecules and mature by tightly controlled, multistep processes that involve the removal of flanking and intervening sequences, over 100 base modifications, addition of non-templated nucleotides and aminoacylation. These molecular events are intertwined with the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of tRNAs to make them available at translating ribosomes. Defects in tRNA processing are linked to the development of neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we summarize structural aspects of tRNA processing steps with a special emphasis on intron-containing tRNA splicing involving tRNA splicing endonuclease and ligase. Their role in neurological pathologies will be discussed. Identification of novel RNA substrates of the tRNA splicing machinery has uncovered functions unrelated to tRNA processing. Future structural and biochemical studies will unravel their mechanistic underpinnings and deepen our understanding of neurological diseases.
Relations in the Metaphysics of Science
Authors: Ioannidis Stavros , Psillos Stathis , Pechlivanidi Elina
Published: June 2022

In this paper we examine the status of relations in two prominent views in metaphysics of science, i.e. dispositionalism and structuralism, and argue that the current consensus about the metaphysics of relations, according to which relations are to be viewed as internal and as constituting no addition of being over and above their relata, needs to be re-examined. After discussing what we call internalism and externalism about relations, we show that dispositionalism and structuralism lead to opposite but equally controversial accounts of the metaphysics of relations. While we criticise some widespread versions of those views, we identify versions of dispositionalism and structuralism that we deem more promising. A core feature of both of these more promising variants is an externalist view about relations. Against the current internalist consensus, we claim that a version of externalism about relations is the view that best combines metaphysical rigour with a naturalistic stance.
The crystal structure of 3-(1-(2-((5-methylthiophen-2-yl)methylene)hydrazinyl)ethylidene)chroman-2,4-dione, C17H14N2O3S
Authors: Radulović Niko S. , Sejmanović Dragana M. , Ristić Milenko N. , Dekić Vidoslav S. , Krüger Biljana , Kahlenberg Volker , Rodić Marko V.
Published: June 2022

C17H14N2O3S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.8966(5) Å, b = 9.4360(4) Å, c = 16.7115(7) Å, β = 92.245(4)°, V = 1559.39(12) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0358, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1013, T = 170 K.
Advanced energy-saving optimization strategy in thermo-mechanical pulping by machine learning approach
Authors: Talebjedi B. , Laukkanen T. , Holmberg H. , Vakkilainen E. , Syri S.
Published: June 2022

Thermo-mechanical Pulping (TMP) is one of the most energy-intensive industries where most of the electrical energy is consumed in the refining process. This paper proposes the energy-saving refining optimization strategy by integrating the machine learning algorithm and heuristic optimization method. First, refining specific energy consumption (RSEC) and pulp quality identification models are developed using Artificial Neural Networks. In the second step, the developed identification models are incorporated with the Genetic algorithm to minimize the total refining specific energy consumption while maintaining the same pulp quality. Simulation results prove that a deep multilayer perceptron neural network is a powerful tool for creating refining energy and quality identification models with the model correlation coefficients of 0.97, 0.94, 0.92, and 0.67 for the first-stage RSEC, second-stage RSEC, final pulp fiber length, and freeness prediction, respectively. Findings confirm that the average total RSEC reduction of 14 % is achievable by utilizing the proposed optimization method.