bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türk Tarihi Açısından Altay-Tanrı Dağlarında Yer Alan Balbal-Mezar Anıtların Önemi ve Özelliklerinin Araştırılması
Authors: ŞAHİN Sait
Published: December 2020

Altay ve Tanrı Dağları, Türk tarihi açısından oldukça öneme ve kutsallığa sahiptir. Türklerin tarih sahnesine çıkışlarına şahitlik etmiş olan bu kutsal bölgeler, atalarımıza yurtluk etmiş ve Türk ismiyle özleşmiştir. Türklerin Türeyiş destanlarına konu olan Altay-Tanrı Dağları, tarih boyunca Türkler tarafından kutsal sayılarak inançlarının, ata kültürlerinin ve adetlerinin yeri olmuştur. Türklerin, Uygurlar öncesi bozkır yaşam biçimini benimsemeleri, dağınık coğrafyada yaşam sürmeleri onlar hakkında yazılı tarihi eserlerin elimize ulaşmasını zorlaştırmıştır. Geniş zamana yayılan Türk tarihi hakkında edinilen bilgiler ışığında ve diğer milletlerin yazdığı tarihi belgeler ile arkeolojik bulgular bir araya getirildiğinde, Türk tarihi hakkında detaylı bilgilere ulaşılmaktadır. Altay-Tanrı Dağlarında Türklerin bıraktıkları gizemli taş anıtlar araştırmalara konu olmuştur. Türk tarihi açısından önem arz eden taş anıtların, balbalların, mezar taşlarının hangi inanç ve geleneğe bağlı olarak yapıldıkları, ne için kullanıldıkları ve neyi temsil ettikleri merak konusu olmuştur. Türk kültür coğrafyası içerisinde sıkça karşılaşılan taş eserler, balballar ve mezar taşları Türklerin kültürel izlerini taşıyarak, onlar hakkında bilgiler sunmaktadır. Bu makalenin amacı ve önemi, Türk kültürü coğrafyasında bulunan taş anıtların, balbalların ve mezar taşlarının incelenmesi sonucunda bu materyallerin üzerinde yer alan şekiller tespit edilerek, işaretlerin özelliklerini ve taşımış oldukları kültürel izler aydınlatılmaya çalışılacaktır. Araştırma esnasında Çince ve Türkçe kaynaklardan nitel veri toplama yöntemi ile tarihsel kavram becerisi yöntemi kullanılmış ve bu yöntemlerden elde edilen veriler tartışmaya açılmıştır.
Tek Parti Döneminde Isparta’da Milletvekili Seçimleri ve Milletvekillerinin Özgeçmişleri
Authors: YÜZBAŞI Esin , AKÇA Bayram
Published: December 2020

İşgalci güçlere karşı mücadele eden direniş güçleri ülkeyi kurtarmak adına vatanına ve milletine sahip çıkmıştır. Bu direniş güçleri Sivas kongresinden sonra Anadolu ve Rumeli Müdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti (ARMHC) adı altında birleşmiştir. ARMHC’yi oluşturan üyeler 23 Nisan 1920 tarihinde TBMM’nin açılışıyla meclisi oluşturmuşlardır. Bu grup I. Mecliste Anadolu ve Rumeli Müdafaa-i Hukuk Grubu adını almıştır. Siyasi örgütlenmeyi sağlamak adına Anadolu ve Rumeli Müdafaa-i Hukuk Grubu, Halk Fırkası’na dönüştürülmüş ve Cumhuriyet Halk Fırkası (CHF) 11 Eylül 1923 tarihinde kurulmuştur. Halk Fırkası 1935’te Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (CHP) adını almıştır. Türkiye Cumhuriyet’in ilanından sonra tek partili yaşam devam etmiş olup, 1924 yılında muhalefet olarak Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Fırkası (TPCF) kurulmuştur. TPCF’nın 6,5 ay kadar kısa bir siyasi yaşamı olmuştur. 1930’da çok partili yaşama geçiş denemesi olan Serbest Cumhuriyet Fırkası kurulmuş ancak istenen başarı elde edilememiştir. 1945’de Milli Kalkınma Partisi (MKP) ve 7 Ocak 1946 tarihinde Demokrat Parti (DP)’nin kurulmasının ardından bu partilerin 1946 milletvekili seçimlerine girmesiyle Türkiye’de çok partili siyasete geçilmiştir. 1946’ya kadar CHP tek parti olarak ülkenin siyasi hayatına yön vermiştir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin siyasetinde önemli siyasetçilerin yetiştiği bir şehir olan Isparta’da, Millî Mücadele döneminin ardından başlayan tek partili dönem ele alınarak, Isparta’yı temsil eden milletvekilleri, milletvekili seçimleri ve siyasi faaliyetleri ile birlikte Isparta milletvekillerinin özgeçmişlerinin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır.
Scientometrics as a Limiting Factor of Economic Researches: the Evidence From the USA
Authors: Tenyakov Ivan
Published: December 2020

The article reveals the deterrent eﬀ ect of the scientometric factor on the development of economic research based on the analysis of publication activity in American economic journals. The author systematizes the main trends in the development of modern economic research. It is shown that publications in the top ﬁ ve journals in the United States inﬂ uence the direction of research in the economy, career paths and the reputation of young researchers, decisions of funding agencies, as well as the ratings of departments and universities. Diﬀ erences in citation rates between the top ﬁ ve journals and other top-level journals are noted. It is shown that the orientation to publications in the top “ﬁ ve” as the main scientometric indicator stimulates careerism and restrains the development of new ideas. Possible ways of overcoming the existing institutional trap are considered.
Forensic Accounting Examination — the Essence and Basic Methods of Financial Investigations Performance in Companies
Authors: Suits Viktor , Анушевский Илья
Published: December 2020

The subject of this article is forensic accounting (forensic hereinafter) - new type of services of Russian consulting and audit practice. Forensic is under consideration as a way of independent investigations conducting and illegal actions risk management. Forensic involves investigation of fraud schemes and fraud detection of illegal withdrawal of assets or misappro-priation. It can resolves conﬂ icts of interest issues as well as detects violations of anticorruption legislation. Furthermore forensic focuses on evidence gathering, assessment of damage, and assistance in planning and implementing further steps to recover damages and strengthen internal control systems. The purpose of the article is to reveal the main analytical methods of forensic examination. The article discloses a brief review and description of the main ﬁnancial investigations methods of fraud (forensic accounting examination) in companies. The issues under consideration are relevant for Russian consulting and audit practice, where forensic is on initial stage.
Paris Climate Agreement: Opportunities to Improve the Competitiveness of Domestic Business through Forest Conservation
Authors: Stetsenko Andrey , Grabovsky Vasily , Zamolodchikov Dmitry , Engoyan Oksana
Published: December 2020

The implementation of the Paris Climate Agreement, ratified by 184 countries, requires the formation of economic mechanisms related to the regulation of greenhouse gas emissions. The Russian Federation is also planning to ratify the Paris Agreement, which will require the creation of adequate economic and legal instruments. The article discusses the economic mechanism that allows domestic producers to offset greenhouse gas emissions from forest takeovers and transfer the absorbed tons from the Russian forest sector to other sectors of the economy, which will increase the competitiveness of domestic producers on the world market and leave funds domestically. This creates an opportunity to increase expenses for the rational use and preservation of the national ecosystem.
The Digital Economy Indicators in the Sustainable Development Goals for Russia
Authors: Bobylev Sergey , Solovyeva Sofya , Palt Mikhail , Khovavko Irina
Published: December 2020

In 2015, the UN Conference adopted the Sustainable Human Development Goals for 2016-2030, supported by all countries, including Russia. The article analyzes the task of adapting the UN SDG from the standpoint of the possibility of including indicators of the digital economy in these Goals for Russia. Key economic, social and environmental indicators of the digital economy, which most reflect the country’s sustainable development objectives, have been proposed. The particular difficulties in Russia and the world are caused by the identification of adequate indicators of the digital economy and their quantitative interpretation for environmental SDGs, which is caused by an insufficient statistical base. The integral index of the digital economy and society and the place of Russia in the world from the standpoint of this index are analyzed. It is advisable in the country to develop and adopt in one form or another its own long-term Sustainable Development Strategy that takes into account the SDGs, and the development of the digital economy will be an important driver for its implementation.
и развитие цифровой экономики будет важным драйвером ее реализации.
Indigenisation of Christianity Among the Asantes: Truly Asante and Truly Christian?
Authors: Anomah Anthony Kofi
Published: December 2020

Christianity was rekindled in Asante Kingdom in the Gold Coast (Ghana) in the 15th century by European missionaries. The Asante converts were taught to abandon their religion to become Christians. However, some Asante Christians, and in fact, this could be true about other contexts in Africa and elsewhere, remain dual religious, accepting Christianity on one hand and Asante Traditional Religion on the other. In this study, the author seeks to find out why some Asante Christians resort to some elements of Asante Traditional Religion in times of crisis and whether an Asante can be truly Asante and truly Christian. The study used the convergent mixed-methods case study approach in the Roman Catholic Church, the Methodist Church Ghana and the Church of Pentecost in Ejisu Juaben Municipality to collect primary data using a questionnaire and an interview guide. Using the Krejcie and Morgan Sample Size Determination Table, three hundred and seventy-seven (377) Christians with diverse backgrounds and roles out of a total population of 20,000 Christians from the three Churches were surveyed. In addition, nine (9) ordained ministers from the three denominations were interviewed purposively in the study because of their knowledge and expertise in the topic. The study found out that some Asante Christians are dual religious because they are pragmatic and resort to either Christianity or some elements of Asante Traditional Religion in times of crisis for solutions to their problems. The study recommends that Asante Christians should appreciate the role of Asante Traditional Religion in preparing the soil for the establishment of Christianity; dialogue with Asante Traditional Religion and enculturate or integrate the gospel with Asante Traditional Religion to become truly Asante and truly Christian.

Keywords: Asante, Christian, Christianity, Traditional Religion, dialogue, inculturation.
Molecular characterization of beta-lactamase genes produced by community-acquired uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Nouna
Authors: Kiemde Dramane , Ribeiro Inês , Sanou Soufiane , Coulibaly Boubacar , Sie Ali , Ouedraogo Abdoul-Salam , Souares Aurélia , Eibach Daniel
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) are a common mechanism of bacterial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. The purpose of this study is to characterize the ESBL genes produced by community-acquired uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains in the Nouna District, in the West-African country, Burkina Faso.

Methodology: Samples were collected from non-hospitalized patients who came for consultation at the CMA (Centre Médical avec Antenne chirurgicale) in Nouna and were sent to the laboratory for a urine culture test. The detection of ESBL production by the bacteria was carried out with the double-disc synergy test and the extraction of the ESBL genes with the heat shock method. Molecular characterization of ESBL genes was performed with three sequential multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays.

Results: One hundred and eighty-two (182) bacteriological cultures were analyzed and 29 E. coli isolated, between 01/07/2017 and 01/07/2018. The ESBL phenotype was found in 13/29 (44.8%). Multiplex PCR yielded many beta-lactamase genes, predominantly blaCTX-M-1,3,15 (12/13; 92.3%) followed by beta-lactamase genes blaOXA-1,4,30 (8/13; 61.5%) and beta-lactamase genes blaTEM-1,2 (7/13; 53.8%).

Conclusion: This study showed that the blaCTX-M-1,3,15 genes produced by uropathogenic E. coli were predominant. Sequencing of these genes would be needed to better characterize the different types of ESBL circulating in Nouna.
Vagococcus sp. a porcine pathogen: molecular and phenotypic characterization of strains isolated from diseased pigs in Brazil
Authors: Matajita Carlos Emilio Cabrera , Poor Andre Pegoraro , Moreno Luisa Zanolli , Monteiro Matheus Saliba , Dalmutt Andressa Carine , Gomes Vasco Túlio Moura , Dutra Maurício Cabral , Barbosa Mikaela Renata Funada , Sato Maria Inês Zanolli , Moreno Andrea Micke
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Vagococcus spp. is known for its importance as a systemic and zoonotic bacterial pathogen even though it is not often reported in pigs. This is related to the pathogen misidentification due to the lack of usage of more discriminatory diagnostic techniques. Here we present the first report of Vagococcus lutrae in swine and the characterization of Vagococcus fluvialis and Vagococcus lutrae isolated from diseased animals.

Methodology: Between 2012 and 2017, 11 strains with morphological characteristics similar to Streptococcus spp. were isolated from pigs presenting different clinical signs. Bacterial identification was performed by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and confirmed by 16S rRNA sequencing and biochemical profile. Strains were further genotyped by single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (SE-AFLP). Broth microdilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration of the antimicrobials of veterinary interest.

Results: Ten strains were identified as V. fluvialis and one was identified as V. lutrae. The SE-AFLP analysis enabled the species differentiation with specific clustering of all V. fluvialis separately from the V. lutrae strain. Most strains presented growth in the maximum antibiotic concentration values tested for eight of the 10 analyzed antimicrobial classes.

Conclusions: The observed resistance pattern can represent a problem for veterinary and producers in the treatment of diseases associated Vagococcus spp. in swine production. Vagococcus species may also be a risk for pig industry workers. The data described here will be of great value in further understanding the behavior of this pathogen in animal production.
Multidrug resistance bacteremia in neonates and its association with late-onset sepsis and Coagulase-negative Staphylococci
Authors: Quispe Antonio M , Soza Gabriela , Ramos Chirinos Maria , Quiroz Danny , Pons Maria J
Published: December 2020

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the association between multidrug resistance (MDR) and late-onset sepsis (LOS) among newborns with bloodstream infection (BSI).

Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, we routinely tested every newborn with a presumptive diagnosis of sepsis admitted to the largest reference maternity hospital in Lima, Peru for BSI over an 18-month period. We tested every isolate for MDR by using the disk-diffusion method and assessed its associated factors by using a robust Poisson regression analysis with a particular focus on its association with LOS (vs. early-onset sepsis, EOS).

Results: We analyzed a total of 489 subjects, including 340 (69%) newborns with LOS, and estimated an MDR rate of 80% (95% confidence interval, CI: 76%-83%), which was significantly higher (p-value < 0.001) among LOS (85%; 95% CI: 81%-89%) than EOS cases (67%; 95% CI: 59%-75%). The primary isolate was coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) (60%), which exhibited a limited subset of antibiotic MDR patterns, most of which were characterized by their resistance to cefoxitin, gentamicin, and clindamycin and levofloxacin. Overall, the prevalence of MDR was higher among LOS compared to EOS cases (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.14-1.45), and among BSI due to CoNS compared to other bacteria (Apr = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01-1.20).

Conclusions: MDR among newborns with sepsis is exceptionally high, being even higher among those with LOS than newborns with EOS, and among those infected with CoNS compared to other bacteria. Furthermore, CoNS exhibited a limited subset of MDR patterns, which could be used to guide therapeutic decisions.
Hematological parameters in patients with bloodstream infection: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Tang Wei , Zhang Wanchun , Li Xin , Cheng Juan , Liu Zhou , Zhou Qiang , Guan Shihe
Published: December 2020

Introduction: To date, the relationship between the causative pathogens and the changes of hematological parameters was rarely referred and deserves further investigation.

Methodology: A total of 825 adult patients, including 134 negative blood cultures patients and 691 bloodstream infection (BSI) patients, were screened for eligibility in this study. Receiver operating characteristic curves and binary logistic regression models were used to assess the power of hematological parameters to distinguish patients with BSI caused by different pathogens.

Results: Except for platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and platelet larger cell count (P-LCC), the other hematological parameters investigated in the study were significantly different in patients with BSI caused by different pathogens, including Candida. The specific combinations of lymphocyte count (LYM), platelet count (PLT), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), MPV-to-PLT ratio (MPV/PLT), platelet larger cell ratio (P-LCR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) can improve the ability to distinguish various BSI from negative blood cultures. The highest area under the curve of was 0.753 (95% CI 0.709-0.797) for positive blood cultures, 0.715 (95% CI 0.658-0.771) for Gram-positive pathogens BSI, 0.777 (95% CI 0.730-0.824) for Gram-negative pathogens BSI, 0.797 (95% CI 0.747-0.846) for Escherichia coli BSI, 0.943 (95% CI 0.899-0.987) for Enterobacter aerogenes BSI, 0.830 (95% CI 0.740-0.921) for Pseudomonas aeruginosa BSI, and 0.767 (95% CI 0.695-0.839) for Staphylococcus aureus BSI.

Conclusions: The specific combinations of hematological parameters can improve the power to distinguish patients with BSI caused by different pathogens. Attention to these parameters can be easily integrated into daily medical activities, without extra costs.
Atypical course of COVID-19 in patient with Bruton agammaglobulinemia
Authors: Milošević Ivana , Jovanović Jaroslava , Stevanovic Olja
Published: December 2020

We present atypical course of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in 34-year man with Bruton agammaglobulinemia. The patient was successfully treated by a combination of available drugs, including convalescent plasma and interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitor.
Classifications and typology of the natural and triggered technological risks. Applicability of remote sensing technologies to the risk classification
Authors: Frantzova Antoaneta
Published: December 2020

New approach to the risk management concept based on the assessment of damages (in % of GDP), probability of occurrence and necessary measures to create resilient society is presented. Several theoretical models are investigated and compared. The "acceptable risk" concept is developed based on the preventive measures and expected results. „Resilient”, „Transition” and „Forbidden” areas related to the damages and probability of occurrence are graphically defined. The classification is based on two main factors (probability of occurrence and potential damage) associated with risk processes and phenomena that develop and run in the „Resilient", „Transition" and „Forbidden” areas. Satellite data and information related to the specific characteristics of the natural hazards and disasters are used.
Steady flow analysis of a slender wing by lifting surface method
Authors: Metodiev Konstantin
Published: December 2020

In the paper hereby, steady flow around a thin-walled wing is analysed by means of the Lifting Surface Method. In order to carry out tests, the wing has been divided into a finite number of quadrilateral panels. All panel edges in turn are replaced by discrete straight vortex segments which induce velocities within the flow field. The problem boils down to working out velocity circulation distribution on the wing surface. For this purpose, numerical realization has been developed in C by Minimalist GNU for Windows compiler and Code::Blocks IDE. To work out a solution to the linear non-homogeneous algebraic system, the Gauss – Seidel stationary iterative method has been applied. The obtained results for various angle of attack values are depicted by means of ParaView.
XZ-series of unmanned aerial vehicles in 2020
Authors: Zabunov Svetoslav
Published: December 2020

The XZ-series of unmanned aerial vehicles was initiated in 2014 initially as an endeavour of theoretical development of multirotor unmanned aircraft models. The idea and major work was done by the author of the current article, and now, by the year of 2020, the series is still in constant process of inventing new designs. Most of the models were patented at the Bulgarian Patent Office through patents for inventions or utility models. In the recent years, publications on the XZ-series models have appeared in foreign scientific journals with high scientific impact metric. The XZ-series of flying machines includes various types of multi-rotor machines such as standard multi-rotors, fixed wing multi-rotors and compound multi-rotors. This article is a concise guide, as concise as it can be, to the XZ-series of unmanned aerial vehicles as of middle 2020 and, as such, it shall be followed in the future by sequels, published regularly, summarizing the ongoing process of the XZ-series aircraft model development.
Quantitative assessment of piloting technique by flight data recorder
Authors: Marinov Assen , Yordanov Georgi , Kambushev Martin , Biliderov Stefan , Kambushev Kiril
Published: December 2020

Flight training is a complex and responsible training process for pilot and requires experienced specialists, good organization and quality control of flight activity. Its main purpose is to create highly qualified personnel with long-term professional skills in the techniques of piloting, aircraft flying and the combat use of aircraft. Assessment is an important part of the training process for young cadets. It determines the extent to which trainees have been able to perceive, learn and comprehend their new flying activity and their ability to apply the acquired knowledge in tense conditions. Assessment is directly related to the quality of the flight training, and it should show the trainees the mistakes they have made and encourage them to upgrade their knowledge and skills. The trainees should be well versed in the assessment methodology and understand its purpose, otherwise the grades obtained will not be an indicator of their ability.
A checklist of spiders in tea plantations of China
Authors: Song Xuhao , Yang Tingbang , Xu Xiaoqin , Zhong Yang
Published: December 2020

Spiders are the most dominant predatory natural enemies of insect pests in the tea plantation ecosystem. There has been a large amount of literature published about the investigation of spider species in Chinese tea plantations from 1982 to 2020. Here, the spider species in Chinese tea plantations has been summarised and the dominant spider species in each regional tea plantation recorded. To date, there were 535 spider species from 40 families reported in Chinese tea plantations.

There are 245 spider species from 13 families now being added to the checklist. A total of 89 spider species from 19 families were the dominant species, amongst them, Agelena labyrinthica, Allagelena difficilis, Neoscona theisi, Clubiona deletrix, Clubiona japonicola, Hylyphantes graminicola, Pardosa laura, Oxyopes sertatus, Evarcha albaria, Plexippus paykulli, Coleosoma octomaculatum, Ebrechtella tricuspidata and Xysticus ephippiatus were recorded in many tea plantations. The checklist will provide important data for the biodiversity and distribution of spiders in tea plantations of China.
Leucheria cantillanensis (Nassauvieae, Asteraceae), a new species endemic to Central Chile
Authors: Lavandero Nicolás , Rosende Benito , Pérez María Fernanda
Published: December 2020

A new species,Leucheria cantillanensissp. nov., endemic to the coastal mountain range of Central Chile, is described. By using both nDNA and cpDNA, phylogenetic relationships of the new species were investigated. This new species belongs to the acaulescent/subacaulescent clade ofLeucheria, which is congruent with the morphology of the species. A detailed description, distribution map, insights about its habitat, conservation status, and illustrations are provided. An updated key for acaulescent/subacaulescent species ofLeucheriafrom Central Chile is also given.
Ahead of a vaccine: A safe method of protection against COVID-19 exists
Authors: Alibek Kenneth , Tskhay Albina
Published: December 2020

In the case of current COVID-19, successful prophylactic approaches are likely to have a greater impact than successful treatment approaches. In this article, we discuss the challenges before the creation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and opportunities of other means that can enhance non-specific immunity focusing on interferon in particular. Since efficacy of intranasal interferons against a number of pathogens throughout a period of 37 years and against COVID-19 as well as safety have been shown, this method of protection can be introduced in a short period while using a permitted off-label application approach.
Les relations anglo-américaines après le Brexit : et moins si affinités ?
Authors: Singh Robert
Published: December 2020

Le retour de la compétition des puissances, et l’érosion des moyens économiques et militaires britanniques mettent en cause la traditionnelle posture de suivisme de Londres vis-à-vis de Washington. Le Royaume-Uni ne pèse plus assez auprès des États-Unis, ni pour obtenir un accord commercial privilégié, ni en matière stratégique. Face au déclin inévitable de la relation bilatérale, Londres ne pourrait retrouver un poids diplomatico-stratégique que dans une Alliance atlantique rééquilibrée 1 . politique étrangère
L’Amérique latine à l’épreuve du COVID-19
Authors: Vidal Florian
Published: December 2020

Les gouvernements latino-américains n’ont pas réagi de façon uniforme à la pandémie de COVID-19. Deux cas extrêmes sont le Brésil de Jair Bolsonaro, qui s’est enferré dans le déni, et l’Argentine d’Alberto Fernandez qui a opté relativement tôt pour des mesures de confinement. Le virus a frappé des États et des sociétés fragiles qui ressortiront de la crise encore plus affaiblis. La récession majeure qui s’annonce risque d’accroître des inégalités déjà fortes et d’exacerber les tensions sociales.
« Cette universalité est la plus belle » Note sur Pascal, Pensées , L. 195
Authors: Qian-Laurent Yoen
Published: December 2020

Le syntagme « philosophie générale » renvoie en France à une épreuve de l’agrégation, à une matière enseignée à l’université et à l’enseignement obligatoire de philosophie au lycée. Ce syntagme échappe souvent à une définition formelle claire, si bien que la cohérence d’un tel enseignement a été discutée. Dans cet article, après avoir examiné les critiques qui ont été adressées à cet enseignement en raison de son extension et de son indétermination méthodologique, nous essayons à rebours de discerner ce qu’il peut y avoir de fécond sur le plan pédagogique dans cette approche généraliste. Nous nous appuyons en particulier sur une pensée de Pascal qui associe universalité et honnêteté. Le concept d’honnêteté permet en effet d’éclairer l’intérêt de la philosophie générale comme rapport à nos connaissances et aux autres hommes, plutôt que comme ensemble de contenus thématiques divers.
La « philosophie générale » de T.W. Adorno : critique, dialectique, négativité
Authors: Peyrical Aurélia
Published: December 2020

Le but de cet article est d’introduire à la traduction de « Zum Studium der Philosophie », un texte écrit par Adorno en 1955 à l’attention des élèves de l'université de Francfort. Les textes où Adorno interroge le sens et les buts de la philosophie sont nombreux, mais en général peu abordés pour eux-mêmes. S’il est certain qu’ils ne peuvent être lus de façon isolée, s’y arrêter permet de mettre en lumière une certaine conception de la philosophie que l’on pourrait dire « générale » ( allgemein ) : d’une part comme pratique de lecture et d’écriture dont l’objet est l’expérience en général, d’autre part comme entreprise théorique qui résiste à la division du travail philosophique et à la spécialisation. On présente celle-ci tout en montrant qu’Adorno a cependant une idée spécifique de la philosophie générale comme dialectique négative et critique.
Focusing on ADHD Management
Authors: Liu Amy
Published: December 2020

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in children, and it affects academic performance, personal relationships, and future well-being. Given the prevalence of ADHD, many pediatricians should feel comfortable with the diagnosis and management of this condition. This article aims to improve understanding of ADHD, treatment options including both medication and behavioral interventions, as well as the laws in place to help these patients.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2020;49(12):e501–e505.]
Oblik punomoći za sklapanje ugovora o prijenosu poslovnog udjela u svjetlu odluke Visokog trgovačkog suda od 11. prosinca 2019.
Authors:   Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska, Bilić Antun , Petrović Siniša ,   Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Published: December 2020

The High Commercial Court held that the power of attorney to enter into a share transfer agreement must be executed in the form required for the share transfer agreement itself – that of a notarial act or a private document certified by a public notary. In the absence of such form, the share transfer agreement is invalid. This paper examines whether this conclusion is justified. Although the High Commercial Court correctly applied the requirement of “parity” between the form of an agreement and the power of attorney for its conclusion, this rule should be restricted whenever the form’s primary purpose is not the protection of the parties. Furthermore, other statutes suggest that the share transfer agreement can be entered into on the basis of a written power of attorney with the signature authenticated by a public notary. Finally, even if the “parity” rule is literally applied, the absence of parity does not cause the invalidity of the share transfer agreement, but only its temporary ineffectiveness, which can be cured by the principal’s approval.
Prikaz knjige: Branko Smerdel, “Ustavno uređenje Europske Hrvatske”, II. izmijenjeno i dopunjeno izdanje, Narodne novine, Zagreb, srpanj 2020.
Authors:   Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti, Zagreb, Hrvatska, Bačić Arsen
Published: December 2020

Book review: Branko Smerdel, “Ustavno uređenje Europske Hrvatske”, 2nd revised and amended edition, Narodne novine, Zagreb, July 2020.
Psycho-Pedagogical Approaches to the Design of English Learning Course for Ship Engineers
Authors: Tyron Olena , Koreshkova Svitlana , Didenko Maria , Kaminska Svitlana
Published: December 2020

Abstract–Ship engineers are civil engineers with special knowledge of marine and water transport engineering therefore the article appeals to the lecturers of English for engineering students. The authors of this article share the experience of experimental English language training which was preceded by a thorough study of the theoretical works of contemporary scholars and practitioners in the field of foreign language training of civil and marine engineers. Summarizing new trends led to defining a complex of approaches which makes the design of the course efficient. The results of the experimental training allowed to formulate practical recommendations how to realize new trends and approaches in the textbooks’ design, taking into account qualitative changes both in the field of educational technologies and in the cognitive abilities of students. We proved that the complex of offered approaches provide better education and reflect the changes in psychology, philosophy, and pedagogy along with new technological platforms. We offer additional discussions concerning creating a modular course of English for ship engineers which could be internationally accepted by institutions that train specialists for the marine industry. The marine industry is globalized therefore, uniform standards for the training of seafarers are important and the idea to have the module course of English for ship engineers would be enthusiastically welcomed by all countries.
Genetic Algorithm: Reviews, Implementations, and Applications
Authors: Alam Tanweer , Qamar Shamimul , Dixit Amit , Benaida Mohamed
Published: December 2020

Nowadays genetic algorithm (GA) is greatly used in engineering pedagogy as adaptive technology to learn and solve complex problems and issues. It is a meta-heuristic approach that is used to solve hybrid computation challenges. GA utilizes selection, crossover, and mutation operators to effectively manage the searching system strategy. This algorithm is derived from natural selection and genetics concepts. GA is an intelligent use of random search supported with historical data to contribute the search in an area of the improved outcome within a coverage framework. Such algorithms are widely used for maintaining high-quality reactions to optimize issues and problems investigation. These techniques are recognized to be somewhat of a statistical investigation process to search for a suitable solution or prevent an accurate strategy for challenges in optimization or searches. These techniques have been produced from natural selection or genetics principles. For random testing, historical information is provided with intelligent enslavement to continue moving the search out from the area of improved features for processing of the outcomes. It is a category of heuristics of evolutionary history using behavioral science-influenced methods like an annuity, gene, preference, or combination (sometimes refers to as hybridization). This method seemed to be a valuable tool to find solutions for problems optimization. In this paper, the author has explored the GAs, its role in engineering pedagogies, and the emerging areas where it is using, and its implementation.
Engineering Students’ Innovation Competence: A Comparative Analysis of Nigeria and South Africa
Authors: Adepoju Omoseni Oyindamola , Nwulu Nnamdi
Published: December 2020

The main purpose of this study is to assess the role of tertiary institutions in impacting innovation competence among graduating students in the engineering discipline. To achieve this aim, two research questions were investigated: First, we examine if the graduating students possess some key innovative competence qualities innovative competence which include qualities such as creativity, leadership, self-efficacy, energy and risk propensity. Secondly, we investigate the key elements of tertiary institutions that impact innovative competence among the graduating students. A structured questionnaire was administered to graduating engineering students at the Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria and University of Johannesburg, South Africa during the 2019/2020 academic session and their responses were compared. Results indicate that students generally had a high assessment of their innovation competence and attributed some of this competence to their institutions learning environment.
Exploring Learning Styles in a Portuguese Engineering School: Are They Different in Different Courses?
Authors: Sousa Marina , Fontão Eunice
Published: December 2020

The Kolb model is widely used to analyze the learning style of engineering students; however, there are no published studies carried out in Portugal. This study was applied to students who had just began there courses at a Portuguese engineering school. This study object is to assess whether there is a clearly majority learning style; whether there are differences in the learning style among all students and between students in the industrial management course and those in the technological engineering courses. The results allow the pedagogical practice improvement in the classroom regarding the effectiveness increase of the teaching process. This study results also allow improving the way students approach the study, overcoming difficulties in understanding the topics studied, improving the construction of their skills and increasing the quality of the learning process.
Corporate Governance Practices and Their Impacts on Corporate Risk: Evidence from Sri Lanka
Authors: Sameera T. K. G.
Published: December 2020

The cost of failure of a single corporate has a fatal impact on the economy. In addition to the macro-economic conditions leading to corporate collapse, management is responsible for developing and implementing a sound system of risk management and internal control in order to avoid such collapses. As a result, discussions on governance and risk have reached an unprecedented level for academics and practitioners. Moreover, risk exposure and management are increasingly becoming the foremost functions of modern business enterprises. However research that integrates corporate governance and risk has been limited. This study examines therefore the impact of corporate governance practices on corporate risk of listed companies in the Colombo Stock Exchange in Sri Lanka. The Board structure, Board Independence and Board procedures were considered as independent variables, whereas, corporate risk as dependent variable. The corporate risk represented the financial, operational and market risks faced by the companies. Furthermore the study used data from a sample of 64 listed companies for 5 years from 2014 to 2018 and employ panel regression to uncover the relationship that exists between these variables. The independent sample t-tests was used to test whether there was a statistically significant difference exist between the corporate governance practices of distress and non-distress companies. The results show that the corporate governance practices of distress companies was significantly lower than that of non-distress companies. The findings of the regression results suggest that Board independence was significantly and negatively impact on corporate risk. However, Board structure and Board procedures have no significant impact on corporate risk. The study therefore, concludes that the increased representation of independent non-executive directors of the board contributed to the significant decrease of corporate risk.
Systematic Literature Review on Female Entrepreneurship: Citation and Thematic Analysis
Authors: Surangi H. A. K. N. S.
Published: December 2020

This paper carries out a systematic review of the literature on female entrepreneurship. A total of 192 articles focusing on female entrepreneurship, published between 2000 and 2019 have been analysed. The purpose of this paper is to give a current knowledge of the sub-areas in female entrepreneurship research by focusing on two aspects. First, it reviews research papers by using citation analysis to identify and categorize the main areas of female entrepreneurship presently interesting the attention of the research community. Second, a thematic analysis is done to explore the precise themes being researched. Regardless of many of publications and their variety, the present study reveals six different themes. Defining female entrepreneurship is problematic, entrepreneurship is gender specific, from hard issues to soft issues, family is the main responsibility, female entrepreneurs are underperformers and networking is unique for women were found as main themes. A number of research gaps are found out, in order to persuade new avenues and angles in the female entrepreneurship field of research that may be fruitful in filling these gaps.
The Fight against Stigma: Multilevel Stigma Interventions in Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Bachtiar Adang , Windarwati Heni Dwi , Keliat Budi Anna , Ismail Raden Irawati , Ati Niken Asih Laras , Sulaksono Ari Dwi , Ilmy Shofi Khaqul
Published: December 2020

Background

Stigma is one of the main factors causing pasung (physical restraint or confinement in Indonesian terms) in schizophrenia patients. It is the main obstacle to reducing the number of pasung throughout the world. Thus, there is a need for appropriate interventions to reduce stigma in schizophrenia patients who go through pasung. This study aims to identify multilevel stigma interventions in people with schizophrenia who go through pasung (physical restraint and confinement). It can be applied and adapted to various cultural contexts.

Design and methods

Quasi-experimental research with pretest and post-test analysis consists of 82 people with schizophrenia who go through pasung. Respondents were divided into the intervention group and the control group. A multilevel stigma intervention was given to the intervention group for three months.

Results

There was a significant difference in the average stigma score in the control group (moderate category stigma) and the intervention group (mild category stigma) after multilevel stigma intervention (p-value = 0.04). The average stigma score of schizophrenia patients in the intervention group decreased by 8.2%, while the average stigma score in the control group increase of 20.4%.

Conclusions

Multilevel stigma interventions are effective in reducing stigma in people with schizophrenia who go through pasung. We underline that multilevel stigma interventions through collaboration from various parties can provide great opportunities in stigma reduction programs in people with schizophrenia who go through pasung.
Tracheal extramedullary plasmacytoma: a rare cause of chronic cough
Authors: Carrinola Rosaria , Basile FiorPaolo , Aliprandi Marta , Bellone Stefano , Cribiù Fulvia Milena , Vismara Alessandro , Aliprandi Pierluigi
Published: December 2020

Operative Rigid Bronchoscopy treatment
Effect of germanium on the transformation of white to grey tin at comparatively low temperature
Authors: Rogers R R , Fydell J F
Published: December 2020

At a comparatively low temperature, gray tin may appear on white t in when the latter (a) is in contact with elementary germanium, (b) contains a certain proportion of germanium in the form of an alloy, or (c) is in contact with solutions in which certain
germanium compounds have been dissolved. Data also are presented regarding the rate of spread of gray tin on whit e t in castings and coatings containing various proportions of germanium.
Electronic concentration of low grade ores with the Lapointe picker
Authors: Bettens A H , Lapointe C M
Published: December 2020

Constructional details are given of a new electronic picker unit for the concentration of coarse low-grade uranium ore using a scintillation detector. Typical results obtained with low-grade ore from two mines in the Beaverlodge area are presented as examples of
the concentration achieved with the higher sensitivity of such a detector. Comparative tests with a Geiger detector are also reported.
Building a capable state through proper human resource management
Authors: Mle Thozamile R. , Ngumbela Xolisile G.
Published: December 2020

Background: This article examines the possibility of building a capable state within an appropriate ethical framework and the required human capital spectrum available to a government. South Africa currently faces shortcomings in capability and systemic stasis because of weak political management. The existing research has pointed out the state’s capacity deficit as a major factor that undermines the social and economic progress of South Africa.Aim: The aim of this article was to look at government’s capability of building a capable, ethical and developmental state which is a crucial facilitator for the successful execution of government’s goals of achieving the targets of the 2030 National Development Plan. A developmental state that is going to develop the economy, create jobs and improve the conditions of society standard of living through proper human resource management.Methods: As the main tool for doing this research, this article relied heavily on secondary qualitative and quantitative data analysis. Secondary analysis is a study technique that uses pre-existing quantitative data or pre-existing qualitative research data to analyse or validate previous studies on new issues.Results: The findings point that capacity building is crucial. Fixing political control at the core should be the starting point.Conclusion: There seems to be a complete failure of a build-up towards a capable state in South Africa as the public service shows unevenness with local, provincial and national government capability challenges. A capable state can exist only when an affordable, effective and development-orientated public service can only grow and have a transformative function in order to correct past failures, where government is making drastic changes, enhance and have the requisite effect on society on its bad results.
Ward councillors’ leadership characteristics and their impact on service delivery: Case of eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa, in 2018
Authors: Mbandlwa Zamokuhle , Mishi Syden
Published: December 2020

Background: A municipality is considered as the first level of government that is closer to the people and is expected to deliver to the needs of the people. Political leadership is provided by elected ward councillors with the responsibility of delivering the public services at the local government level and also entrusted with control of the resources of local government.Aim: The aim of this article was to evaluate the leadership characteristics of ward councillors and determine how such characteristics influence public service delivery in the eThekwini Municipality.Setting: The individual leadership characteristics of ward councillors contribute to how decisions are made at the local government level and eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality as the third largest metropolitan municipality in the country is viewed as a strategic municipality.Methods: This article adopted the form of a descriptive case study which employed a mixed-methods approach, using qualitative and quantitative methods for data collection and analysis. The study found that the leadership rating score, education and experience are key factors in good leadership (experienced less or no service delivery protest). A regression variable plot was used to analyse community members’ responses on rating each ward councillor.Results: The results show that lower levels of leadership characteristics are marred by numerous service delivery protests, and leadership characteristics increase chances of getting service delivery response albeit taking a U-shape.Conclusion: It is recommended that ward councillors undergo a background check and enrol for leadership training programmes immediately when they are elected as ward councillors.