bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges Hindering Electric Vehicle Adoption in India and Proposed Solutions
Authors: Hemim Payal , S Payal
Published: January 2024

The inductive approach aims to investigate the factors influencing EV adoption in India, while the deductive approach concentrates on understanding how these factors unfold in developed nations and can be applied in developing countries. The iterative application of the inductive-deductive approach results in the creation of a taxonomy that classifies the factors as micro-, macro-, and meso-level antecedents. This taxonomy can serve as a framework for organizing systematic and cohesive initiatives to encourage EV adoption in developing countries. The article also underscores the importance of tailoring these factors to the distinctive infrastructural, economic, and market requirements of developing nations. A hurdle in embracing electric vehicles (EVs) lies in concerns about their restricted driving range. Recent suggestions consider the implementation of dynamic wireless charging, allowing power exchange between the vehicle and the grid while in motion. This paper emphasizes optimizing the routes of EVs requiring charging to maximize the use of mobile energy disseminators (MEDs), serving as mobile charging stations. The surge in electric vehicle (EV) popularity has led to a corresponding rise in associated challenges. Extended waiting periods at charging stations pose a significant obstacle to widespread EV adoption. Consequently, battery swapping stations (BSSs) present an efficient solution, addressing short waiting times and promoting healthy recharging cycles for battery systems. Furthermore, these swapping stations offer opportunities not only for EVs but also for power systems, providing regulation services to the grid, particularly for smaller networks like microgrid (MG) systems. This study explores the optimal location and size to maximize the revenue of a swap station within an MG system.
The Near-Death Experience and the Question of Immortality: A Philosophical Approach
Authors: Smith Stephen
Published: January 2024

From tentative beginnings the literature on near-death experiences has mushroomed beyond all computation. In the nature of the case, the bulk of this literature depends very much on anecdotal evidence and presupposes that those who claim to have experienced such phenomena are telling their stories in good faith. Despite a minority of dissenting voices, most of the doctors, psychologists and neuroscientists working in this field of study at least entertain the possibility that the stories related by their patients or subjects, whether spontaneously or formally, may serve as evidence for some kind of afterlife. The debate over whether or not this is a valid approach has been well rehearsed during the past thirty years, and although it would be tempting to add to it here, there is a more fundamental question to consider which, while having been aired in the field of philosophy, seems to have escaped notice among participants of the present debate. The question is whether any form of afterlife would be truly desirable. And would a state of immortality be any more purposive than oblivion? Following some preliminary discussion, this will be the burden of our song.
Some Results on Maxima and Minima of Real Functions of Vector Variables: A New Perspective
Authors: Maguiña B. M.Cerna , Lujerio Garcia Dik Dani , Pocoy Yauri Victor Alberto , Rodriguez Sabino Vladimir Yovanni , Leiva Bernuy Ruben Mario
Published: January 2024

In this work, the extreme points of real vector variable functions are obtained without the use of the classical theory that involves the use of partial derivatives. We illustrate with several theorems and examples a new method that consists of establishing an appropriate link between the function to be optimized, its restrictions and the result, stating that: given \(n\) non-zero real numbers \(a_{1},a_{2},\cdots,a_{n}\in\mathbb{R}\), then there exists a unique \(\lambda\in\mathbb{R}\) such that:

This relation is obtained by decomposing the Hilbert space \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\) as the direct sum of a closed subspace and its orthogonal complement. Since the dimension of the space \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\) is finite, this guarantees that any linear functional defined on the space \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\) is continuous, and this guarantees that the kernel of said linear functional is closed in the space \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\), therefore we have that the space \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\) breaks down, as the direct sum of the kernel of the continuous linear functional \(f\) and its orthogonal complement, that is: \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\,-\,\ker f\,\bigoplus\,\left[\,\ker f\,\right]^{\perp}\), where the dimension of \(\ker f\,-\,n\,-\,1\) and the dimension of \(\left[\,\ker f\,\right]^{\perp}\,-\,1\).

Adding to the link found new definitions about the hierarchy of one variable in relation to another and the fact that if \(x_{1}^{2}+x_{2}^{2}+...+x_{n}^{2}\,-\,r^{2}\) then the \(\max\{x_{1}+x_{2}+\cdots+x_{n}\}\,-\,r\sqrt{n}\) and the \(\min\{x_{1}+x_{2}+\cdots+x_{n}\}\,-\,-r\sqrt{n}\) we solve the optimization problem without using classical theory.
Steiner Analysis of Cephalometric in Orthognathic Surgery Patients of Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung of Period April 2017 – April 2022
Authors: Ashar Fadli , Oli'i Eka Marwansyah , Yuza Abel Tasman
Published: January 2024

Objective: Orthognathic surgery is surgery on abnormalities of dentofacial that occur in the maxilla, mandible, or both. Determine measurement of the type of dentoskeletal abnormality in malocclusion using cephalometric analysis. Steiner analysis is used because it is considered that the Sela tursica-nasion-point A (SNA) angle, Sela tursica-nasion-point B (SNB) used to describe the relationship between the maxilla and the mandible
Material and Methods: The study involved 30 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery between April 2017 and April 2022 at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. Attention was carried out using cephalometric radiography and analyzed using the stainer method by observing angles also observing patient characteristics such as gender and age, average angle of SNA, SNB, ANB, diagnosis, number of corrected jaws and type of orthognathic surgery.
Results: The results of this study showed that orthognathic surgery patients were more male (63.3%), most aged between 19 - 20 years (40%), diagnosis of grade III malocclusion (96.7%), double jaw correction action (90%), bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (93%), osteotomy le fort I (96.7%), chinplasty (16.7%), mean angle SNA (83.8), angle SNB (90.6), angle ANB (-6.8). Conclusion: The results showed that more patients underwent orthognathic surgery with class III malocclusion and underwent orthognathic surgery on the maxilla and mandible simultaneously
Keywords: Orthognathic surgery, cephalometry, Steiner analysis, malocclusion
The effect of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai on the composition of soil microbiota and potato yield
Authors: Shelikhova E. V. , Maslennikova V. S. , Tsvetkova V. P. , Kalmykova G. V. , Nersesyan S. M. , Akulova N. I. , Dubovskiy I. M.
Published: January 2024

The bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai (B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai) are entomopathogenic microorganisms that are used to control the abundance of insect pests, in particular members of the Lepidoptera and Diptera orders. The growth-stimulating effect of the bacterium B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai on potatoes. In particular, an increase in plant biomass by 1.4 times was noted already on the 4th week of accounting compared with the control. The length of the roots and the number of stolons were statistically higher by 1.2 times and 2.3 times on the 10th week of counting when processing a suspension of B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai compared to controls, respectively. Preplant treatment of B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai had a positive effect on the rhizosphere microflora. It has been established that B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai leads to an increase in the number of ammonifying bacteria by 8 times, nitrogen-fixing bacteria by almost 30 times, cellulolytic bacteria by 1.3 times relative to the control and suppresses the number of micromycetes by 21% and 27% compared to the control and standard, respectively. Increasing groups of nitrogen-fixing bacteria using B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai contributed to an increase in potato yield by 13% and 24% compared to the control and standard. Influence on the ratio of the potato fraction under the influence of B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai has not been rendered.
ПРАВОВИЙ АНАЛІЗ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОЇ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНОЇ ПОСЛУГИ ОТРИМАННЯ БУДІВЕЛЬНОГО ПАСПОРТА ЗАБУДОВИ ЗЕМЕЛЬНОЇ ДІЛЯНКИ
Authors: Сергієнко О. В.
Published: January 2024

Статтю присвячено дослідженню категорії адміністративної процедури отримання будівельного паспорту забудови земельної ділянки як частини спеціального режиму забудови територій у містобудівній діяльності. Метою статті є дослідження змісту поняття адміністративної процедури, будівельного паспорта як правових категорій, як юридичного так і філософського феномену, вплив цих понять на формування нормативної бази містобудівного права, законодавства та правової системи України, з’ясуванню істинного змісту нормативно-правових актів, з’ясування чинників, що зумовлюють існування таких категорій права та обумовлюють їх об’єктивну необхідність. Вагоме значення у статті приділено як правовому та і філософському осмисленню цих понять в першу чергу з точки зору понятійного апарату української мови. У статті здійснено аналіз структури адміністративної послуги з отримання містобудівного паспорта, а також адміністративної процедури з отримання містобудівних умов і обмежень забудови земельної ділянки, достатній для проведення порівняльного аналізу цих процедур. Особливу увагу приділено розумінню складних та простих адміністративних процедур з метою надання оцінки політично вмотивованим поняттям спрощення надання адміністративних послуг, впровадження наукового підходу до цієї діяльності з метою отримання об’єктивного результату, важливого для суспільства. Велика низка суб’єктів містобудівної діяльності у своїй щоденній роботі змушені користуватися відповідними адміністративними послугами, особливо в частині здійснення містобудівної діяльності, як фундаментальної галузі економіки України, тому правильне право-розуміння і правозастосування є вагомими чинниками вдалого економічного розвитку нашої держави. Вагому увагу приділено спеціальному об’єкту будівництва – садибному житловому будинку, його синонімам, спорідненим поняттям, складовим. Зазначено, що нормативно-правова база України не має цілісного уявлення про такий об’єкт, іде постійна еволюція уявлень про нього, а це у свою чергу ускладнює отримання відповідної адміністративної послуги. Надання адміністративних послуг особливо щодо документів дозвільного характеру завжди має відбуватися з повним дотриманням норм законодавства, а саме законодавство щодо цих питань повинно буди поверненим обличчям до не тільки до споживача, але і у суспільно важливій галузі, як містобудування, і до потреб і вимог суспільства.
Effect of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) in Disease Relapse, Progression, and Development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Darmadi  , Imelda Rey
Published: January 2024

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the association between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Pooled analysis showed no significant association in disease relapse (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.70–1.35; p = 0.86) and disease worsening (OR 2.06; 95% CI 0.92–4.57; p = 0.08) of existing IBD in patients receiving NSAID. In patients without prior IBD diagnosis, NSAID medication was significantly associated with risk of new-onset IBD (OR 1.51; 95% CI 1.19–1.92; p = 0.0008).  Given the varied effects of NSAIDs on IBD, careful management and consideration of dosage and frequency are essential in IBD patients. Despite these insights, the heterogeneity of study designs and small sample sizes in some cases call for further large-scale research to validate these findings.
Hypertension on Dialysis Patients: Influence Factor and Management
Authors: Swastika Karina Dwi , Tarigan Radar Radius
Published: January 2024

Background: Hypertension remains prevalent and challenging to manage in patients with chronic kidney disease, even with renal replacement therapy. This phenomenon arises from a variety of components that contribute to and create an intricate process of interaction, which can impact the regulation of blood pressure in patients undergoing dialysis. The main goal of this overview is to find the influence factor of blood pressure in dialysis patients and investigate ways to better control their blood pressure by incorporating these factors.Methods: The literature searches using online databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: After doing an online search, we found 32 articles were relevant to this review topic. Discussion: There are additional elements that contribute to hypertension in dialysis patients, including excessive volume, heightened arterial rigidity, stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, sleep apnea, activation of the sympathetic nervous system, and the administration of recombinant erythropoietin.Conclusion: Enhanced comprehension of the numerous variables at issue can effectively enhance blood pressure regulation in this group of individuals.
La escena remediada: hipermediación e inmediación en dos performances del teatro latinoamericano del Siglo XXI
Authors: ESCOBAR RAMÍREZ WILSON
Published: January 2024

Las tecnologías digitales han transfigurado el campo del arte teatral y vienen produciendo una serie de mutaciones que afectan la tradición perceptiva del espectáculo vivo.  Para acercarnos a esos nuevos modos de comunicación que establece hoy el teatro, robustecido en el cruce con estas tecnologías, acudiremos al concepto de remediación planteado por Bolter y Grusin, para examinar en dos performances representativas de la escena latinoamericana del siglo XXI (Sin sangre, de Teatrocinema, y Othelo, de Buendía Theatre), las maneras cómo la opacidad del medio (hipermediación) o su transparencia (inmediación) contribuyen a la construcción de las poéticas tecnológicas sobre la escena misma.
Proposed correlation between effectively addressing quality issues and improving provider well-being
Authors: Mbakwe Alexis , Frank Abigail , Frank Robert , Ridpath Lance
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Quality assurance and performance improvement (QAPI) and performance improvement projects (PIP) are tools to ensure quality care, safety, and problem-solving standards are met and exceeded. This paper examines possible correlations between data gained from implemented QAPI programs at Robert C. Byrd Clinic (RCBC) and provider burnout.

Methods:

Two surveys were evaluated for this paper. The first survey, Quality Report, identified each respondent's department, the monthly quality reports’ satisfaction rating, and the reports’ perceived accuracy. 28 providers completed the first survey. The second survey was the Well Being Index (WBI), which assesses provider burnout. 38 providers completed the second survey.

Results:

More than half (53.57 %) of individuals were dissatisfied with using the monthly reports to calculate quality reimbursement for insurance companies, and (65.79%) of participants in the WBI indicated that they felt burned out from their work in the past month.

Conclusion:

The findings of these two surveys warrant future research to evaluate the possibility of a correlation between the perceived accuracy of quality reports and provider burnout.
Improvised tourniquets can cease blood flow in a crisis situation
Authors: Fink Brian N. , Schneiderman Jeff W. , Aouthmany Shaza
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

In a crisis, such as an active shooter situation, the use of a tourniquet or tourniquets may be necessary for the preservation of life. Depending on the location of the incident and the body sizes of the victims, what materials are used for the band and windlass will ultimately vary.

Methods:

We used an ultrasound with one improvised tourniquet example of a phone receiver and necktie, which one could arguably find in places including but not limited to a school, healthcare facility, shopping mall, and sports arena; to prove the concept of blood flow cessation. This IRB-approved study used a gentleman with a height of six feet and a weight of 225 pounds.

Results:

When the necktie (the improvised band) and the phone receiver (the improvised windlass) were used together as a tourniquet on the forearm of the gentleman, his arterial blood flow stopped, as determined by visual inspection of the ultrasound screen.

Conclusion:

Though some research indicates improvised tourniquets will fail, this will not likely not stop people from administering bleeding control assistance during a crisis. We wanted to prove the concept that an improvised tourniquet can work at ceasing the flow of blood, thereby not fail. If the proper band and windlass are used, blood flow can be stopped and a life can be saved.
НЕМАТЕРІАЛЬНА КУЛЬТУРНА СПАДЩИНА ТА ЇЇ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ У РОЗРОБЦІ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО ТУРИСТИЧНОГО ПРОДУКТУ
Authors: Безносюк О. І.
Published: January 2024

У статті представлено визначення та значення нематеріальної культурної спадщини (НКС). Автором визначено невирішені частини загальної проблеми використання НКС в туризмі. Розглянуті приклади дослідження вітчизняними та зарубіжними науковцями нематеріальної культури в якості туристичного ресурсу. Наведені практики використання елементів НКС в туризмі Туреччини, Іспанії, спільного елементу Навруз за поданням декількох країн мусульманського світу, що є актуальним для розвитку вітчизняної туристичної галузі. Особливий акцент робиться на успішному досвіді світового лідера в туризмі Іспанії. В цій країні велика кількість елементів НКС стали туристичними магнітами та без шкоди для спільнот-носіїв нематеріальної культури, демонструють гармонійний приклад рівноваги збереження та популяризації. Продемонстровано у вигляді схеми алгоритм взаємодії між державними органами влади, їх підрозділами, громадськими організаціями в процесі виявлення елементів нематеріальної культури та підтримки їх життєдіяльності, відповідно на виконання актів, прийнятих ЮНЕСКО. Розглядається поняття туристичного продукту території з акцентом на її привабливість, побудовану на основі нематеріальної культурної спадщини. У статті розглядається ідея використання нематеріальної культурної спадщини, яка має потенціал створення бренду території, навколо якого формується туристична локація та складаються умови для формування туристичного кластеру. Для цього проведено кількісний та, частково, якісний аналіз елементів нематеріальної культурної спадщини в усіх областях України. Розглянуто наповнення списків збереження за період 2018-2023 років як в окремих областях, так і в Національному переліку, включаючи елементи прийняті та подані на розгляд в Репрезентативний список ЮНЕСКО від України. В роботі розглянуто необхідність практичного формування алгоритму, за яким можна визначати використання елементів нематеріальної культурної спадщини в туризмі. При цьому, акцентується увага на неможливості зловживання НКС з метою отримання надмірних і неправомірних прибутків туроператорами та комерціалізації елементів.
ЗЕЛЕНИЙ ГОТЕЛЬНИЙ БІЗНЕС: ЕКОЛОГІЧНА ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНІСТЬ
Authors: Каленська В. П. , Любченко В. В.
Published: January 2024

У статті проаналізовано концепцію зеленого готельного бізнесу як важливого елемента у сталому розвитку туризму. Акцентується увага на необхідності інтеграції екологічних стандартів у готельну індустрію, виокремлюючи ключові аспекти екологічної відповідальності. Аналізується потенціал зеленого готельного бізнесу у підвищенні екологічної обізнаності та привабливості туристичних регіонів. Розглядаються інноваційні підходи до екологічного управління у готелях, включно з використанням альтернативних джерел енергії, ефективним управлінням відходами та водними ресурсами. Особлива увага приділяється ролі екологічних сертифікацій у забезпеченні стандартів сталого розвитку та їх впливу на імідж та конкурентоспроможність готельного бізнесу. В статті наголошується на важливості збалансованого підходу до розвитку готельного бізнесу, що включає врахування екологічних, соціальних та економічних аспектів. Висвітлюються приклади успішних екологічних ініціатив у готелях різних країн та їх внесок у просування сталого туризму. Крім того, обговорюються виклики та перспективи, що стоять перед готельним бізнесом у контексті збереження довкілля та сталого розвитку. На основі проведеного аналізу, сформовано висновки, в яких зазначається, що зелений готельний бізнес відіграє важливу роль у забезпеченні екологічної безпеки та сталого розвитку. Орієнтація на екологічні стандарти не лише сприяє зниженню впливу на довкілля, але й позитивно впливає на імідж готелю та його привабливість для екологічно свідомих туристів. Впровадження зелених технологій, ефективне використання ресурсів, мінімізація відходів та використання екологічних матеріалів у будівництві та обслуговуванні – це ключові елементи, які дозволяють готелям зменшити свій екологічний слід і вносити вклад у стале майбутнє. Запропоновано перспективи подальших досліджень, які полягають у розробці і впровадженні новітніх екологічно чистих технологій, які можуть знизити вплив готельної індустрії на довкілля.
Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength Between Zirconia Core and E. Maxpress with Veneering Porcelain by Different Surface Treatment
Authors: Hussein Marwah , Nazar Alwahab Zahraa
Published: January 2024

This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different surface treatment (sandblasting with 50µm of Al2O3, etching with 5% of hydrofluoric acid and a combination of 50 µm of Al2O3and 5% of hydrofluoric acid) on the shear bond strength of veneering ceramic to zirconia and e.max press substructures .

Eighty rectangular specimens (9mm length ×4mm width×4mm height) were fabricated and divided into two major groups(zirconia and e.max press), Forty specimens for each group. Then, each group was subdivided into four subgroups according to surface treatment (control group, sandblasting by 50µm of Al2O3,etching with 5% of hydrofluoric acid and a combination of 50 µm of Al2O3 and 5% of hydrofluoric acid),10samples for each group. then, they veneered with their corresponding veneering ceramic material (Vita VM9 ,E.max ceram) according to manufacturer's instructions.

The results of shear bond strength test  revealed that the highest mean was for a combination treatment groups followed by sandblasting groups then etching with acid groups and finally untreated groups. One-way ANOVA test showed there is highly significant difference among each subgroups. While, LSD test for zirconia subgroups showed, there is no-significant difference between acid etching (ZHF) and untreated (ZC) groups. Also, LSD test for e.max press  subgroups showed there was non-significant difference between acid etching (EHF) and sandblasting (ESB) groups. student's t-test between two major groups showed, higher significant difference among untreated groups and sandblasting groups. While, there was significant difference among acid etching groups and a combination treatment groups for each major group.

  A combination  of  two surface treatments represented an effective method on the bond strength due to the cumulative effect of these  treatments
The immunohistochemical expression Ki-67 In Polymorphous Low Grade Adenocarcinoma of the Salivary Glands
Authors: Mohammed Abdulhussain Mustafa
Published: January 2024

Background: Polymorphous Low Grade Adenocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of minor salivary glands. It has an unique histopathological, clinical and behavioural features. Most of its incidence has been presented in the palate. It shows a variety of growth patterns within the same one lesion, including cribriform, tubular, and solid areas that may mimic adenoid cystic carcinoma. The tumor cells histologically are characterized by lacking of nuclear atypical and hyperchromatism with rare mitoses. However, the prognosis of this tumor is good because of its low grade, although it has an unpredictable potential to metastasize.

Objectives: To evaluate the histopathological expression of Ki-67 proliferation antigen in Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma and compare the results with the clinicopathological parameters and grading of the tumors.

Materials and Methods: This study includes 20 cases with Polymorphous Low Grade Adenocarcinoma of minor salivary glands diagnosed histopathologically and treated surgically, were investigated for the immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 antigen. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using a Labeled Strept- Avidin Biotin method (LSAB) and 0.05 (two-sided) was the level of significance.

Results: Twenty cases of Polymorphous Low Grade Adenocarcinoma of salivary glands were histologically diagnosed in this retrospective study to evaluate the expression of Ki-67. The mean age for patients with PLGA was nearly (50.6). (12) (60%) cases were males and (8) (40%) cases were females and also male to female ratio was (1.5:1).

In regarding to site distribution, the most common site was the palate followed by the submandibular gland and floor of the mouth. 

Conclusions: it was observed that there is a higher rate of cellular proliferation in malignant tumors with high grade, indicating their role in the malignancy and aggressive behavior of these tumors.
Effect of Different Surface Treatments on Surface Roughness and Vickers Micro-Hardness of Feldspathic Porcelain: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Radhy Hashim Afrah , Sahib Mansoor Nidhal
Published: January 2024

Background: Several new all-ceramic systems with superior aesthetic qualities such as translucency similar to natural tooth have been developed over the last two decades in response to the demand for metal-free and more natural-looking restorations. To achieve that, all-ceramic restorations, need characterization and glaze.

Materials and methods: Twenty-four layered zirconia discs (10 mm in diameter and 2 mm thickness) were designed by a special Sketchup 3d software program and saved as an (STL) file. All specimens were subjected to the polishing by using 600, 800, and 1200 grit of aluminum oxide paper in sequence. The specimens were divided into three groups each with eight samples (n=8) the first group was treated with glaze (G), the second group was polished with polishing kit (PK), and the third group was polished with polishing diamond paste (DPP). After the surface treatments were performed, the surface roughness was measured by using a profilometer and Vickers microhardness (VHN) was measured by using a digital microhardness tester. The surface characteristics changes were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Data were statistically tested with one-way ANOVA, Post-hoc Tukey’s test, and Least Significant Difference (LSD).

Results: Glazing and polishing techniques significantly affected the (Ra) and VHN of feldspathic ceramic. Group G showed significantly the lowest surface roughness (50±0.26) µm in comparison with groups PK (1.00±0.30) µm and DPP (70±0.42) µm. The largest VHN was obtained in a PK group (658.9±66) and the lowest VHN value was shown with the G group (538.4±36), while the VHN of DPP group was (652.8±66).

Conclusions: Glazed surface group had the lowest surface roughness and microhardness compared to the polishing kit and polishing paste groups. Therefore, glazing is recommended for finishing feldspathic porcelain, as it is more clinically acceptable, and it causes less wear to the antagonist's teeth.
Comparative Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris with Protaper Gold, Reciproc Blue and Hyflex CM Instruments.
Authors: A. Abass Abeer
Published: January 2024

Aim of study: The target of the present investigation was to compare the amount of apically extruded debris with three endodontic nickel -titanium instruments; ProTaper Gold, Reciproc Blue and Hyflex CM .

Materials and Methods: 30 mandibular premolars were separated into three groups according to the instrumentation methods (n=10) for every system, Protaper Gold, Reciproc Blue and Hyflex CM. After change of each file 5ml of 2.5% NaOCl was used as an irrigating solution with a 30G side vented irrigating needle, the apically extruded debris was collected in pre weighed glass vials, the samples were takeout and incubated at 68Co for 5 days to remove the liquid. The tubes were measured again, and the contrast between the first and last weight was calculated to determine the weight of the debris. The data were statistically analysed using One-way ANOVA analyses followed by Post hoc Tukey   LSD test.

Result: Data obtained were statistically analyzed using One Way ANOVA and Post hoc Tukey LSD tests. All groups showed apical debris extrusion, The  ProTaper Gold systems extruded  more debris in comparison with other groups(0.0421)g, also the Protaper Gold group and Hyflex CM system showed statistically significant difference (p<0.05).

Conclusions: All experimental groups produced apically extruded debris .The Protaper Gold group associated with greater apically extruded debris than other groups. While the Hyflex CM group showed the least amount of apical extrusion
Dentin drying methods affect the apical seal of three root canal sealers
Authors: Abdulbari Abduljawad Jumana , Adil Abdul Qadir Eman , Khalil Ibrahim Nibras
Published: January 2024

Aim of the study: The purpose of this research was to see how drying protocols affected the apical sealing of teeth filled with various sealers.

Materials and methods: Protaper rotary files were used for root canals instrumentation of ninety teeth with single root canal. According to the drying protocol, the teeth were separated into three groups (n = 30): "GI–paper points"; "GII–ethanol + paper points"; "GIII–EndoVac + paper points". Using a single-cone approach, every group was separated to three subgroups based on the sealer used: BiooRoot sealer, Epoxy resin and zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE), The apical dye penetration in millimeter was examined under a streromicroscope to assess apical seal. The data was submitted to one –way ANOVA and T test.

Results: The result showed statistically no significant difference in microleakage between bioRoot and Epoxy resin (p > 0.05) while there was significant differences of microleakage between ZOE and other sealers, and there is no significant difference between drying protocols in canals obturated with each used sealers (BioRoot, Epoxy resin and ZOE).

Conclusion: Drying protocols have no effect on the apical seal of the tested sealers.
Extravagant gingival display: a review of the literature
Authors: A. H. AL-Bahadli Muhamad , S. B Hayder , F. k. Al-sudan Susan i
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Extravagant gingival display, gummy smile and vertical maxillary excess are the same for one condition which is recognized by the maxillary gingival overexposuremore than wonted during smiling. It is recently received a lot of concern and awareness. Making the correct diagnosis and carrying out the appropriate technique depend on having knowledge of the background information regarding the cause or causes of each case of extravagant gingival display and how it is treated. Providing comprehensive information about the gummy grin problem, the numerous aetiological variables that contribute to the condition, and the various treatment options was conducted in this review. The treatment options include many modalities according to real cause in each condition.
The Preference Treating of Comminuted Mandibular Fractures by The Close Reduction Over the Open Reduction Technique in Iraq Soldiers War Under Specific Factors
Authors: Mahmood AbdlKareem Al-Zubaidi Nazhat , Taha Ahmed Firas , Ali Al-Alasadi Akad
Published: January 2024

Aim of the study: The preforming study tended to point the using close reduction Inter maxillary fixation (CRIMF) as definite treatment for comminuted fracture of the mandible under certain conditions for managing same types of mandibular fractures with the evaluating and comparing the outcome and complications between two techniques.

Materials and methods: (CRIMF) and (ORIF). A total of 51 patients with comminuted mandibular fractures, aged between (17-45) years. All patients were examined clinically,

 

 radio graphically (OPG) and some of them computed tomographically (CT3D) before and after treatment to evaluate the regions fracture position, and assessed the complication resulted post operatively.  Patients were divided into 2 groups: Group A (n=30) patients with 36 fractures had managed by close reduction and indirect fixation using intra maxillary fixation (CRIMF). Group B (n= 21) patients with 24 fractures operated by open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) using reconstruction plates. Group A managed by maxilla mandibular fixation MMF were performed for 28 cases under general an anesthesia (GA) and only 2 patients fixed under local anesthesia. In the group B, all surgical operations of ORIF were done under GA.
Histological and Histomorphometric Evaluation of Socket Healing After Application of Epidermal Growth Factor with synthetic hydroxyapatite powder in Rats
Authors: K Al-khafaji Lobna
Published: January 2024

Background: One of the serious challenges in dental treatment is socket healing after tooth extraction. Various researchers have attempted to develop efficient therapies for healing and regenerating damaged tissues after extraction. Many tissue engineering technologies have been used now a day to enhance tissue healing.

Aim: The present study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of epidermal growth factor with synthetic hydroxyapatite powder in socket healing.

Methods: six-Thirty male rats were included in this study and their lower incisors teeth were subjected to extraction. Animals were divided into the following three groups according to socket treatment. (A) control, socket hole left to heal without any application, (B)application of hydroxyapatite powder (HAP) in the socket, (C) application of epidermal growth factor (EGF) with hydroxyapatite powder in the socket. Histological evaluation for bone formation, bone cell and inflammatory cell count with histomorphometry of bone trabeculae percentage had been done to all study groups and for three periods (5,14 &28 days).

Results: Epidermal growth factor with hydroxyapatite group showed early bone formation, more bone cell count, and less inflammatory cell infiltration in comparison to the HAP group and control at periods (5,14&28 days) and with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05).

 

Bone trabeculae percentage was recorded to be high in the HAP&EGF group that filled the socket hole at (14 ,28 days) intervals in comparison to hydroxyapatite and control group. Complete re-epithelialization was observed only in the EGF&HAP group.

Conclusions: Both the HAP&EGF group and the hydroxyapatite group show bone formation and good socket healing, but the EGF&HAP group showed to be faster in filling of boney socket hole with complete epithelization than hydroxyapatite group, therefor using EGF with HAP is more efficient and suggested the material of choice used for socket healing.
The antimicrobial effects of Cold Atmospheric Plasma jet on microorganisms causing dental caries (in vitro study)
Authors: Abdul Salam Ibrahim Ghada , Jamal Abbas Maha , Ali AL-Rubaee Eaman
Published: January 2024

Background: The common microorganism in caries process are Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli. Candida albicans have correlation with Streptococcus mutans  for enhanced dental caries. Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) is called as non-thermal as result of electrons are more heated than heavy particles which are at room climate. CAP jets are ionized native gas outflow, produced underneath typical pressure through microwaves, high frequency or pulsed direct current employing noble gases. There are many application of CAP in dentistry: in periodontology, implantology, prosthodontic, operative dentistry and in cariology. This study aimed to measure the sensitivity of the S. mutans and C. albicans to CAP jet. Material and methods:  In this experiment, newly developed Cold atmospheric plasma jet (Iraqi made) using argon gas at a Gas flow rate 10 l/min, 175volt and Frequency 2.45 GHz At room temperature such that the nozzle tip had a maximum distance of 2mm from the agar plate. Cold atmospheric plasma effect was tested at different times on the viable numbers of Streptococci mutans and Candida albicans.  Result: Through the irradiation of CAP jet on agar plates the antimicrobial efficacy  for S. mutans and C. albicans was measured at different time the 3, 6, 9  minutes. Multiple pairwise comparisons using Tukey HSD showed there is significant reduction of colony

 

forming unit (CFU) for Streptococci mutans by plasma at all time compared to  control. multiple pairwise comparisons using Tukey HSD  showed there is highly significance differences for C. albicans was observed  for all times  in comparison to control (p<0.01). The data of the current study was analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS version 22). Thus, it can be concluded that Cold Atmospheric  plasma (argon gas) jet have anti-microbial efficacy against Streptococci mutans and Candida albicans. but  it effects on Candida albicans  more than on Streptococci mutans.
Relation between salivary Matrix-metalloproteinase-8 with periodontal health; dental biofilm induced gingivitis, localized and generalized periodontitis
Authors: Faiz Kamil Tiba , Husham Ali Omar
Published: January 2024

Aim of the study: was to find the potential relation between the salivary concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-8 with periodontal health and disease by examining its’ level in individuals with healthy periodontium, with dental biofilm induced gingivitis and with periodontitis (localized and generalized).

Material and method: Saliva was collected from 90 participants with an age range from (20-60) years, all of them were systemically healthy. 25 cases were enrolled under the dental Biofilm induced gingivitis group, 25 cases under the localized periodontitis group, and 25 cases under the generalized periodontitis group, with 15 subjects enrolled in the healthy periodontium(control) group. Detection of MMP-8 in saliva was achieved by utilizing Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

Results: The present data showed that MMP-8 was higher significantly(P<0.05) in disease groups (dental Biofilm induced gingivitis, localized and generalized periodontitis groups) as compared to the healthy (control) group. With a significant difference between dental biofilm-induced gingivitis and generalized periodontitis groups.

Conclusion: There is a positive relationship between salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 with periodontal health and disease.
Ionic release of dental cobalt-chromium based alloys
Authors: Abdulrazak Hasan Asmaa , Kadhim Mohammed Amaal
Published: January 2024

Background: Since the 1980s, as the cost of noble metals has increased, more base metal alloys have been used in fixed and removable prostheses. Cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloys are one of the most widely used base metal alloys in the prosthetic dental department and have several clinical uses. Co-Cr alloys are frequently used as having excellent biocompatibility, great strength, good resistance to tarnish, corrosion, and wear, as well as being heat-resistant and non-magnetic.

 Materials and Methods: For the ion release test, seventy specimens of a cobalt-chrome alloy disc with dimensions of 5 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness were created. They were divided into five groups, each of which had 14 specimens, based on the manufacturing method as follows: new cast alloy group; selective laser melting group (3D printer specimens); once recast alloy + old selective laser melting group; new cast + once recast alloy group; once recast alloy group.

Result: The outcomes showed that there were no

 statistically significant differences in ion release in any of the groups examined (P>0.05).

Conclusion: The production technique and alloy composition have a slight influence on ion release. A positive clinical response is anticipated, since it was found that every group met the ionic release criteria of the international standards.
Perception of Peasant Management Methods for Chilli Pepper (Capsicum spp.) Production in Burkina Faso
Authors: Lucienne WAONGO , Mariam KIEBRE , Jacques, et. al. OUEDRAOGO
Published: January 2024

In Burkina Faso, pepper is increasingly cultivated and is one of the vegetable crops with a high market value. However, knowledge about farmers’ management practices that could help in research questions on this crop are less available. The aim of this study is to understand farmers’ practices in chilli cultivation in Burkina Faso. A survey on chilli cultivation practices involving 384 growers was carried out in 20 of the country’s provinces, divided in three phytogeographical sectors. The collected data were subjected to descriptive and statistical analysis using EXCEL 2016 spreadsheet and R 4.1.2 software with the Rcmdr Package. The results showed that predominantly male growers (92.19%) practice monoculture of chilli (87.24%) over two seasons (winter and dry). The seeds were obtained through a selection at field level (80.91%) at least over two production seasons, and by purchase (55.18%). For 87.24% of the respondents, the crop is produced in small area (less than a quarter of a hectare). The main constraints in chilli production are the faint accessibility to chemical fertilizers and micro-credits, the attacks due to bio-aggressors, etc. These constraints limit the sector’s performance and deserve to be analyzed in order to find solutions to boost the production.

How to Cite: WAONGO Lucienne, KIEBRE Mariam, OUEDRAOGO Jacques, et. al., 2024. "Perception of Peasant Management Methods for Chilli Pepper (Capsicum spp.) Production in Burkina Faso." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 10, pp. 42-49.
Quantum Language and the Migration of Scientific Concepts
Authors: Burwell Jennifer
Published: January 2024

This book explores how the main challenge posed by quantum phenomena lies in how these phenomena strain the limits of comprehension. The elusive nature of the quantum domain, and its problematic relationship to representation in language, motivate the key questions that I address in this book. Why, for instance, did these mathematically driven concepts compel the founders of quantum physics—in particular German physicist Werner Heisenberg, Danish physicists Niels Bohr, and Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger—to spend so much time reflecting upon the nature and limitations of language? What does quantum subatomic behavior, considered in the context of Bohr, Heisenberg, and Schrödinger’s debates on how to describe it, reveal about the relationship between everyday experience and metaphor? How—and why—do quantum concepts get taken up again fifty years after their formulation in cultural contexts far removed from their origins in physics? 
Image + Territory: Essays on Atom Egoyan
Authors: Tschofen Monique , Burwell Jennifer
Published: January 2024

Image and Territory: Essays on Atom Egoyan is both scholarly and accessible. Indispensable for the scholar, student, and fan, this collection of new essays and interviews from leading film and media scholars unpacks the central arguments, tensions, and paradoxes of his work and traces their evolution.
Notes on Nowhere: Feminism, Utopian Logic, and Social Transformation
Authors: Burwell Jennifer
Published: January 2024

Notes on Nowhere is about a contemporary shift in the way discourses of social transformation articulate the relationship between the utopian and critical impulses, a shift that can be broadly defined as the rejection of the utopian impulse in favor of internal critique. I examine this shift in the context of a transformation in how discourses represent the relationship between subject and social space: for example, how figures of individual subjectivity are used to fund images of the social space; how a subject’s experience of oppression and position relative to dominant power structures is understood to affect its ability to resist oppression and imagine alternatives.
The art of the semi‑living: ethics of care and the bioart of Oron Catts and Ionat Zurr
Authors: Burwell Jennifer
Published: January 2024

Bioartists Oron Catts and Ionat Zurr define many of their tissue-based artworks as semi-living, and use an ethical framework to contextualize their care for these semi-living creations, claiming that their work inspires reflection on our responsibilities toward the continuum of life. There are ways in which Catts and Zurr’s relation to the semi-living does meet the standards of an ethics of care, as defined in particular by political scientist Joan Tronto, but only within certain constraints—namely, the performative and participatory spaces of their installations. When their claims, as they frequently do, extend beyond these circumstances, their statements become mired in contradictions and inconsistencies, even as their work points to an original artistic practice that provokes thought about the nature of the body, of life, and of the living
Towards the Implementation of Data Protection Measures to Safeguard Against Surveillance Abuse in Nigeria
Authors: Effoduh Okechukwu (Jake)
Published: January 2024

This policy brief considers how implementing data protection laws in Nigeria can safeguard against surveillance abuse in Nigeria. It establishes evidence of the use of mass surveillance tools in Nigeria by providing a breakdown of the surveillance expenditures of some key security institutions in the last decade. This is followed by a discussion on the legality of surveillance in Nigeria and otherwise, and then some propositions on how Nigeria’s Data Protection regime may be used to protect against surveillance abuse and safeguard the rights of Nigerian citizens.
Strengthening Data Protection: Ensuring Privacy and Security for Nigerian Citizens
Authors: Effoduh Okechukwu (Jake) , Odeh Odeh Friday
Published: January 2024

This Policy Brief examines the existing data protection regime both in Nigeria and globally and suggests ways to improve the data protection efforts in Nigeria. It considers Nigeria’s principal data protection laws, generally applicable across all sectors (including public and private institutions). By examining and juxtaposing some of the exemptions in legislation, an opportunity for abuse of data subjects’ rights may have been inadvertently created by laws that were enacted to do otherwise. This Policy Brief proffers preferable outcomes that may guide engagement with policymakers to rectify this situation.