bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MCU Interacts with Miro1 to Modulate Mitochondrial Functions in Neurons
Authors: Niescier Robert F. , Hong Kido , Park Dongkeun , Min Kyung-Tai
Published: April 2018

Mitochondrial Ca2+uptake is gated by the mitochondrial calcium uniplex, which is comprised of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), the Ca2+pore-forming subunit of the complex, and its regulators. Ca2+influx through MCU affects both mitochondrial function and movement in neurons, but its direct role in mitochondrial movement has not been explored. In this report, we show a link between MCU and Miro1, a membrane protein known to regulate mitochondrial movement. We find that MCU interacts with Miro1 through MCU's N-terminal domain, previously thought to be the mitochondrial targeting sequence. Our results show that the N-terminus of MCU has a transmembrane domain that traverses the outer mitochondrial membrane, which is dispensable for MCU localization into mitochondria. However, this domain is required for Miro1 interaction and is critical for Miro1 directed movement. Together, our findings reveal Miro1 as a new component of the MCU complex, and that MCU is an important regulator of mitochondrial transport.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMitochondrial calcium level is critical for mitochondrial metabolic activity and mitochondrial transport in neurons. While it has been established that calcium influx into mitochondria is modulated by mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex, how MCU regulates mitochondrial movement still remains unclear. Here, we discover that the N-terminus of MCU plays a different role than previously thought; it is not required for mitochondrial targeting but is essential for interaction with Miro1, an outer mitochondrial membrane protein important for mitochondrial movement. Furthermore, we show that MCU–Miro1 interaction is required to maintain mitochondrial transport. Our data identify that Miro1 is a novel component of the mitochondrial calcium uniplex and demonstrate that coupling between MCU and Miro1 as a novel mechanism modulating both mitochondrial Ca2+uptake and mitochondrial transport.
Neural Representations of Sensorimotor Memory- and Digit Position-Based Load Force Adjustments Before the Onset of Dexterous Object Manipulation
Authors: Marneweck Michelle , Barany Deborah A. , Santello Marco , Grafton Scott T.
Published: April 2018

Anticipatory load forces for dexterous object manipulation in humans are modulated based on visual object property cues, sensorimotor memories of previous experiences with the object, and, when digit positioning varies from trial to trial, the integrating of this sensed variability with force modulation. Studies of the neural representations encoding these anticipatory mechanisms have not considered these mechanisms separately from each other or from feedback mechanisms emerging after lift onset. Here, representational similarity analyses of fMRI data were used to identify neural representations of sensorimotor memories and the sensing and integration of digit position. Cortical activity and movement kinematics were measured as 20 human subjects (11 women) minimized tilt of a symmetrically shaped object with a concealed asymmetric center of mass (CoM, left and right sided). This task required generating compensatory torques in opposite directions, which, without helpful visual CoM cues, relied primarily on sensorimotor memories of the same object and CoM. Digit position was constrained or unconstrained, the latter of which required modulating forces beyond what can be recalled from sensorimotor memories to compensate for digit position variability. Ventral premotor (PMv), somatosensory, and cerebellar lobule regions (CrusII, VIIIa) were sensitive to anticipatory behaviors that reflect sensorimotor memory content, as shown by larger voxel pattern differences for unmatched than matched CoM conditions. Cerebellar lobule I–IV, Broca area 44, and PMv showed greater voxel pattern differences for unconstrained than constrained grasping, which suggests their sensitivity to monitor the online coincidence of planned and actual digit positions and correct for a mismatch by force modulation.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTo pick up a water glass without slipping, tipping, or spilling requires anticipatory planning of fingertip load forces before the lift commences. This anticipation relies on object visual properties (e.g., mass/mass distribution), sensorimotor memories built from previous experiences (especially when object properties cannot be inferred visually), and online sensing of where the digits are positioned. There is limited understanding of how the brain represents each of these anticipatory mechanisms. We used fMRI measures of regional brain patterns and digit position kinematics before lift onset of an object with nonsalient visual cues specifically to isolate sensorimotor memories and integration of sensed digit position with force modulation. In doing so, we localized neural representations encoding these anticipatory mechanisms for dexterous object manipulation.
Izoliuotas kiaušintakio užsisukimas dėl kiaušintakio vandenės: atvejo aprašymas ir literatūros apžvalga
Authors: Trainavičius Rokas , Mongirdas Matas , Povilavičius Jonas , Trainavičius Kęstutis
Published: April 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Įvadas. Izoliuotas kiaušintakio užsisukimas dėl vandenės nustatomas 1:1 500 000 reprodukcinio amžiaus moterų. Itin retai ši liga yra vaikų pilvo skausmų priežastis. Literatūroje aprašyta tik keletas vaikų izoliuoto kiaušintakio užsisukimo dėl kiaušintakio vandenės atvejų. Liga neturi specifinių simptomų. Galutinė diagnozė patvirtinama atlikus laparoskopiją.Klinikinis atvejis. 11 metų mergaitė atvyko į priėmimo skyrių dėl staiga atsiradusių skausmų pilvo apačioje. Tiriant skausmas nustatytas dešinėje klubo srityje. Ultragarsinio tyrimo metu dubenyje pastebėtas 80 mm ilgio ir 15 mm skersmens cistinis darinys, prisipildęs skysčio. Buvo įtarta dešiniojo kiaušintakio vandenė. Atlikta laparoskopija, rastas išsiplėtęs, prisipildęs skysčio ir apsisukęs dešinysis kiaušintakis. Kiaušintakis atsuktas ir išpunktuotas.Išvada. Kiaušintakio vandenės sukeltas izoliuotas kiaušintakio užsisukimas yra reta, todėl gana sunkiai nustatoma vaikų pilvo skausmų priežastis.
E-Cigarette and Liquid Nicotine Exposures Among Young Children
Authors: Govindarajan Preethi , Spiller Henry A. , Casavant Marcel J. , Chounthirath Thitphalak , Smith Gary A.
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVES:

To investigate exposures to liquid nicotine (including electronic cigarette devices and liquids) among children <6 years old in the United States and evaluate the impact of legislation requiring child-resistant packaging for liquid nicotine containers.

METHODS:

Liquid nicotine exposure data from the National Poison Data System for January 2012 through April 2017 were analyzed.

RESULTS:

There were 8269 liquid nicotine exposures among children <6 years old reported to US poison control centers during the study period. Most (92.5%) children were exposed through ingestion and 83.9% were children <3 years old. Among children exposed to liquid nicotine, 35.1% were treated and released from a health care facility, and 1.4% were admitted. The annual exposure rate per 100 000 children increased by 1398.2% from 0.7 in 2012 to 10.4 in 2015, and subsequently decreased by 19.8% from 2015 to 8.3 in 2016. Among states without a preexisting law requiring child-resistant packaging for liquid nicotine containers, there was a significant decrease in the mean number of exposures during the 9 months before compared with the 9 months after the federal child-resistant packaging law went into effect, averaging 4.4 (95% confidence interval: −7.1 to −1.7) fewer exposures per state after implementation of the law.

CONCLUSIONS:

Pediatric exposures to liquid nicotine have decreased since January 2015, which may, in part, be attributable to legislation requiring child-resistant packaging and greater public awareness of risks associated with electronic cigarette products. Liquid nicotine continues to pose a serious risk for young children. Additional regulation of these products is warranted.
Laboratory determination of hydraulic anisotropy of dense graded asphalt concrete
Authors: Gaxiola-Hernández Alberto
Published: April 2018

Dense graded asphalt concrete is widely used in roads as support structure for vehicle loads, however, is also used for hydraulic purposes in canal linings as well as faces and cores of dams. In the design stage of these constructions it is necessary to have the permeability data of the materials that will be used and, although in some cases it is sufficient to know this parameter in only one direction, in others it is necessary to have it in two directions. This research presents test results of axial permeability in constant head permeameter and the design a of radial permeability test device in asphalt concrete made for hydraulic purposes. As a result it was determined that the compaction process of asphalt concrete, applied in one direction, causes the material to have anisotropic behavior from the hydraulic point of view, resulting in anisotropy ratios 7.1 to 10.4, for the studied asphalt mixture.
Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi birinci basamak sağlık çalışanlarında metabolik sendrom sıklığı ve farkındalığı
Authors: Çelepkolu Tahsin , Bucaktepe Pakize Gamze Erten , Yüksel Hatice , Palancı Yılmaz , Çelik Sercan Bulut , Can Hüseyin , Yılmaz Ahmet , Kars Veysel , Usman Gökhan , Arslan Necmi , Taşkesen Arzu Evliyaoğlu , Aslan İlknur , Erdem Özgür , Akıl Ata , Kıbrıslı Erkan , Başdemir Bayram , Aslanhan Hamza , Tanrıverdi Mehmet Halis
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Metabolik sendrom (MetS) etyopatogenezi tam olarak bilinmeyen, diabetes mellitus ve kardiyovasküler hastalıklar için bir risk faktörleri topluluğu ve modern çağın önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Bu çalışmada amacımız; çok sık görülen ve çok önemli sonuçları olan bu sendromun birinci basamak sağlık çalışanlarında sıklığını ve farkındalığını belirleyerek toplumdaki metabolik sendromlu kişileri daha erken tanımak ve bu kişilere yaklaşım stratejileri geliştirmektir.Yöntem: Kesitsel tanımlayıcı tipte olan çalışma ülkemizin Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’ndeki sekiz il merkezindeki birinci basamak sağlık çalışanlarını kapsamaktadır. Aydınlatılmış onamları alınan katılımcılarda International Diabetes Federation (IDF) 2006 kriterlerine göre MetS taraması yapıldı ve farkındalık anketi uygu-landı. İstatistiksel analizler için SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) for Windows 21.0 programı (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA, sü-rüm 21.0) kullanıldı.Bulgular: Toplam 493 katılımcının 304’ü (%61,7) kadın, 189’u (%38,3) erkek olup yaş ortalaması 34,60±8,57 yıl idi. Araştırmaya katılan 493 kişiden 390’ı MetS taraması için serum örneği verdi. Birinci basamak sağlık çalışanlarından 173’ü (%35,2) beden kitle indekslerini (BKİ) bilmediklerini, 115’i (%23,3) MetS kriterlerinden olan bel çevresi ölçümünü hayatlarının hiçbir döneminde yapmadıklarını belirtti. Çalışmamıza katılan 196 hekimin 92’si (%46,9) MetS konusunda mezuniyet sonrası eğitim almadıklarını, 168’i (%85,7) insülin direnci hesaplamasında kullanılan HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment - Insulin Resistance) formülünü bilmediklerini belirtti. MetS taraması yapılan 390 kişiden 76 kişide (%19,5) MetS saptandı. MetS prevalansı, kadınlarda %8,7 iken erkeklerde %39,4 olarak saptandı. MetS saptananların yaş ortalaması 40,28±8,75 yıl (kadınlarda 35,60±1,67, erkeklerde 42,20±1,15) idi. MetS’in erkeklerde kadınlara oranla yaklaşık dört kat fazla olduğu (OR: 3,86 ve p
Doğuşta ve ileri yaşta beklenen yaşam sürelerine etki eden faktörlerin belirlenmesi
Authors: Bayın Gamze
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Yaşam beklentisi, nüfusun genel sağlık durumunu ölçmek için kullanılan, sağlık ve toplum refahının en önemli göstergelerinden birisidir. En çok kullanılan yaşam beklentisi ölçüleri; doğuşta ve 65 yaşta beklenen yaşam süresidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, kadın ve erkeklerde doğuşta ve 65 yaşta beklenen yaşam sürelerini etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesidir.Yöntem: OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development - Ekonomik İşbirliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü)’ye üye olan 34 ülkenin 2013 yılı doğuşta ve 65 yaşta beklenen yaşam süreleri ile yaşam sürelerine etki ettiği düşünülen değişkenler kullanılmıştır. Bu değişkenler, literatür incelemeleri ve OECD ülkelerine ilişkin sağlıkla ilişkili istatistik verileri doğrultusunda belirlenmiş olup; ekonomikAmaç: Yaşam beklentisi, nüfusun genel sağlık durumunu ölçmek için kullanılan, sağlık ve toplum refahının en önemli göstergelerinden birisidir. En çok kullanılan yaşam beklentisi ölçüleri; doğuşta ve 65 yaşta beklenen yaşam süresidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, kadın ve erkeklerde doğuşta ve 65 yaşta beklenen yaşam sürelerini etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesidir.Yöntem: OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development - Ekonomik İşbirliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü)’ye üye olan 34 ülkenin 2013 yılı doğuşta ve 65 yaşta beklenen yaşam süreleri ile yaşam sürelerine etki ettiği düşünülen değişkenler kullanılmıştır. Bu değişkenler, literatür incelemeleri ve OECD ülkelerine ilişkin sağlıkla ilişkili istatistik verileri doğrultusunda belirlenmiş olup; ekonomik, demografik, sağlık kaynakları, sağlık hizmeti kullanımı, algılanan sağlık statüsü ve kentleşme başlıkları altında toplanmıştır. Her bir değişkenin kadın ve erkeklerin beklenen yaşam sürelerine olan etkisi, regresyon analizleri ile incelenmiştir.Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda, hem kadınlarda hem de erkeklerde doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresine en çok etki eden değişkenin bebek ölüm hızı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Kişi başı sağlık harcamaları ve sağlık hizmeti kullanım düzeyleri ise, 65 yaşta beklenen yaşam süresine en fazla etki eden değişkenlerdendir.Sonuç: Beklenen yaşam sürelerine etki eden faktörlerin ortaya konulmasının, gelecekte sağlık kaynaklarının ve hizmetlerinin planlamasına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir., demografik, sağlık kaynakları, sağlık hizmeti kullanımı, algılanan sağlık statüsü ve kentleşme başlıkları altında toplanmıştır. Her bir değişkenin kadın ve erkeklerin beklenen yaşam sürelerine olan etkisi, regresyon analizleri ile incelenmiştir.Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda, hem kadınlarda hem de erkeklerde doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresine en çok etki eden değişkenin bebek ölüm hızı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Kişi başı sağlık harcamaları ve sağlık hizmeti kullanım düzeyleri ise, 65 yaşta beklenen yaşam süresine en fazla etki eden değişkenlerdendir.Sonuç: Beklenen yaşam sürelerine etki eden faktörlerin ortaya konulmasının, gelecekte sağlık kaynaklarının ve hizmetlerinin planlamasına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Warfarine bağlı nadir bir komplikasyon; geç başlangıçlı warfarin ilişkili deri nekrozu
Authors: Alsancak Yakup , Sivri Serkan , Keleş Telat , Durmaz Tahir , Bozkurt Engin
Published: April 2018

Bir oral antikoagülan olan warfarin, oldukça nadir olarak, ciddi bir komplikasyon olan deri nekrozuna neden olabilmektedir. Genellikle tedavinin ilk 10 gününde izlenen bu komplikasyon, sunduğumuz vakada uygunsuz ilaç kesilmesi ve tekrar başlanması sonucu, geç başlangıçlı şekilde, tedavi başlangıcından 2 yıl sonra karşımıza çıkmıştır. Warfarin tedavisini kestikten sonra, oral asetilsalisilik asit ile tedavi ettiğimiz bu vakada deri nekrozu nüks olmadan, günler içerisinde gerilemiştir. Bu komplikasyonun tedavisinde parenteral ve yeni oral antikoagülan ajanlar ise diğer tedavi seçeneklerini oluşturmaktadır.
Üniversite öğrenci ve çalışanlarının diyabet riski ve beslenme alışkanlıklarının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Doğan Burcu , Yörük Nurdan , Öner Can , Yavuz Gülcan , Oğuz Aytekin
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi’nin Göztepe ve Maltepe kampüslerinde öğrenim gören üniversite öğrencileri ve çalışanlarının beslenme alışkanlıkları, obezite prevalansı ve diyabet risklerini değerlendirmektir. Materyal ve metot: Çalışmaya 13 - 14 Kasım 2013 tarihlerinde 200’ü üniversite öğrencisi ve 157’si üniversite çalışanı olmak üzere toplam 357 kişi katılmıştır. Çalışma verileri katılımcılarla yüz yüze uygulanan anketler ve ölçümlerle elde edilmiştir.Bulgular: Çalışma sonunda katılımcıların %30,8’inin kilolu veya obez olduğu ve düzenli egzersiz yapma oranlarının ise %54,3 düzeyinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Üniversite öğrencilerinin %14,0’ü ve üniversite çalışanlarının %31,8’i sigara içmektedir. Diyabet risk değerlendirmesi sonucunda öğrencilerin %37,5’inde, çalışanların ise %61’inde diyabet riski olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tüketilen gıda türü ile diyabet riski arasında anlamlı ilişki saptanmamıştır. Üniversite öğrencilerinin%36,5’i haftada birden fazla fast-food tüketirken, öğrencilerin çok büyük bir kısmı (%82,5) haftada en az bir defa gazlı içecek tüketmektedir. Her gün gazlı içecek tüketen öğrencilerin oranı ise %62’dir.Sonuç: Genç popülasyonda önemli oranda diyabet riski mevcuttur. Bu gruba yönelik yapılacak hayat tarzı değişikliği ve eğitimin bu riski azaltabileceği düşünmekteyiz.
İstanbul kadı sicillerinden bir örnek Evde Bakım için bir başlangıç tarihi: 1766 tarihli bir belge
Authors: Demirsoy Nilüfer
Published: April 2018

Evde sağlık hizmetleri tarihsel gelişimde bireye sunulan, en ilkel sağlık hizmetleri arasındadır. Evde sağlık hizmeti: Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün tanımına göre bakıma ihtiyacı olan bireye ailesi, dostları ya da komşuları gibi yakınlarının, gönüllülerin ve profesyonel sağlıkçılarla, hasta bakıcı gibi yardımcıların sağladığı bakım faaliyetleridir. Özellikle doğum eyleminin evde tamamlanmasıyla başlayan uygulamalar, yaşlı, engelli, akıl sağlığı yerinde olmayanlar ve terminal dönem hastaların bakımının evde sürdürülmesi gerekliliği ile genişleyerek devam etmiştir. Akıl hastalarının merkezi akıl hastanelerinde başlayan tedavi yaklaşımı farklı kültürel yapılanmalarda geleneksel tedavi dışında yaşadığı yerde tedavinin sürdürülmesi kabul görmüştür. Osmanlı devletinde de akıl hastaları XIX.yy’ın başına kadar Haseki Süleymaniye ve Sultanahmet Darüşşifası’nda tutulmuştur. Kadılar akıl hastalarının gözlem altına alınması, yakınları yanında kalacaklarsa güvenliklerinin sağlanması ile de ilgilenmiş ve bu konuda çeşitli kararlar vermişlerdir. Bu çalışmada, İstanbul Kadılığı Şerri Sicilleri taranmış, ulaşılan belgeler arasında 29/2/4’te kayıtlı 19 Receb 1180 (21 Aralık 1766) tarihli belge Osmanlı devletinde “Evde Bakım” konusunda bir başlangıç tarihi oluşturması açısından önemli bulunarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Pnömoni tanısı ile hastanede yatarak tedavi gören yaşlı hastaların prognozunun yaş gruplarına göre incelenmesi
Authors: Albay Ayşegül , Şaylan Bengü , Çakır Hacer Sali , Basat Sema , Başlılar Şeyma , Sarıman Nesrin
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Pnömoni tanısı ile serviste yatarak tedavi alan geriyatrik hastalarda; klinik, radyolojik, laboratuvar parametreleri, risk faktörleri ile tedavi, yaş gruplarına göre değerlendirilerek prognozu etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Pnömoni tanısı ile yatırılan 65 yaş ve üzerin-deki ardışık 305 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Hastane kayıtları retrospektif olarak; laboratuvar bulguları, radyolojik veriler, tedavi uygulamaları açısından taranmıştır. Geriyatrik hastalar 65-74 yaş (genç yaşlı) ve 75 yaş ve üstü (yaşlı ve ileri yaşlı) olarak iki grupta değerlendirilerek karşılaştırılmıştır.Bulgular: Hastaların 173’ü (%57) erkek, 132’si (%43) kadındı. Ortalama yaş; 78 (65-98 yıl arası) idi. Seksen dokuzu (%29) 65-74 yaş, 216’sı (%71) 75 yaş ve üstü idi. Yetmiş beş yaş ve üzerindeki hastalarda başvuru sırasında konfüzyon, siyanoz ve hipotansiyon varlığı daha fazla ve arter kan gazında asidoz ve hipoksemi belirgindi. C reaktif protein (CRP) değeri yüksek olan hastaların CURB-65 ve pnömoni ağırlık indeksi (PAİ) değerleri anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p=0.016 ve p=0.028). Bir yıl içinde pnömoni nedeniyle hastane yatışı olan ve en az bir risk faktörüne sahip olan hastalarda balgam kültüründe üreme anlamlı yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla p=0.012, p=0.016). Eşlik eden komorbid hastalıklardan kardiyovasküler hastalık (%67), pulmoner hastalık (%36) ve diyabetin (%36) ilk sıralarda yer aldığı, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı (KOAH) varlığı ile yoğun bakım ihtiyacı arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu saptandı (p=0.001). Mortalite oranı % 5,24 olarak hesaplandı ve bu olgularda komorbid durumların daha fazla olduğu görüldü.Sonuç: Yaşlı ve ileri yaşlı pnömonili hastalarda KOAH varlığının yoğun bakım ihtiyacı ile ilişkili en belirleyici komorbid hastalık olduğu görülmüştür. Tedavinin hastanede yatarak uygulanması klinik seyrin yakın takibi, etken patojen tespiti ve akılcı antibiyotik kullanımı, komorbid hastalıkların yönetimini mümkün kılmaktadır.
Maligniteyi taklit eden asemptomatik bir tüberküloz olgusu
Authors: Üzer Fatih , Özbudak Ömer
Published: April 2018

Tüberküloz en önemli halk sağlığı sorunlarından biridir. En sık akciğerleri tutar. Tipik klinik ve radyolojik bulgular olduğunda akciğer tüberkülozuna tanı koymak kolaydır. Pnömoni ve atelektazi görünümlerinin yanı sıra, daha nadir olarak bronşiyal astım ve maligniteyi taklit edebilmektedir. Asemptomatik, radyolojik olarak maligniteyi taklit eden bir olguyu sunuyoruz.
A novel transversely isotropic strength criterion for soils based on a mobilised plane approach
Authors: Lu D. C. , Liang J. Y. , Du X. L. , Wang G. S. , Shire T.
Published: April 2018

The peak shear strength rules of transversely isotropic soils are stress state dependent and dependent on relative orientation between bedding plane and principal stress. Accordingly, the shear strength of transversely isotropic soils exhibits two primary characteristics: (a) the strength curve on the deviatoric plane is asymmetrical with respect to three principal stress axes; (b) the shear strength changes with the direction angle of the bedding plane when the intermediate principal stress coefficient is a constant. In this paper, the mobilised plane is introduced and used to reveal the failure mechanism of soils. By projecting the microstructure tensor of transversely isotropic soils onto the normal of the mobilised plane, the directionality of the transversely isotropic soils is introduced into the friction rules on the mobilised plane, and a transversely isotropic strength parameter is proposed. The proposed strength parameter can extend isotropic strength criteria into transversely isotropic strength criteria. This mobilised plane approach is used to establish a novel transversely isotropic non-linear unified strength criterion (TI-NUSC). The difficulty in establishing a unified description of the asymmetrical strength curve and its evolution with direction angle is overcome by the established criterion. Comparisons between available test results and the TI-NUSC show that the TI-NUSC can successfully describe these two primary peak strength characteristics.
California-Alaska Trade, 1851–1867: The American Russian Commercial Company and the Russian America Company and the Sale/Purchase of Alaska
Authors: Saul Norman
Published: April 2018

This article examines the economic and logistical dynamics of mid-19th-century trade between Russian America and California, focusing on key commodities like ice, fish, and coal. It highlights the challenges faced by the Russian America Company, including resource depletion, competition, and mismanagement, which hindered sustainable trade with California. The analysis demonstrates how these issues, coupled with the failure to generate sufficient profits and maintain effective operations, influenced Russia’s decision to sell Alaska to the United States in 1867. The study sheds light on the broader economic and political implications of this trade relationship.
Isadora Duncan’s Dance in Russia: First Impressions and Discussions, 1904–1909
Authors: Yushkova Elena
Published: April 2018

This article analyzes the ways in which Isadora Duncan’s dance oeuvre was perceived in Russia by different sections of the literati and the intelligentsia. It examines reactions from diverse groups, including Symbolist poets, Russian intellectuals, and choreographers, highlighting how Duncan’s work aligned with contemporary artistic movements. Her rejection of classical ballet's rigidity, emphasis on natural movement, and philosophical approach resonated with Russia’s modernist tendencies. Although Duncan’s tours spanned the early 1900s prior to the Russian Revolution and resumed in the 1920s when she lived and worked in the Soviet Union, Yushkova argues that it was during the 1904–1909 period that Duncan’s performances were very influential on the development of Russian ballet, theater, literature, and dance criticism, and it is these performances that are the particular focus of this article. .
David R. Francis, Ambassador to Four Russian Governments
Authors: Noskov Vladimir
Published: April 2018

This article examines the tenure of David R. Francis, U.S. ambassador to Russia from 1916 to 1918, highlighting his challenges in navigating the collapse of the Russian Empire, the rise of the Provisional Government, and the Bolshevik Revolution. Despite his lack of diplomatic experience, Francis grappled with complex issues, including prisoner-of-war management, strained U.S.-Russian relations, and Allied intervention efforts. The author argues that Francis' performance reflects broader shortcomings of Wilsonian diplomacy, characterized by liberal illusions and democratic prejudices ill-suited to revolutionary Russia. Through a critical analysis of Francis’ actions and memoirs, the article questions his legacy while situating his failures within the context of U.S. foreign policy under Woodrow Wilson.
Sequencing open chromatin of single cell nuclei: snATAC-seq v1
Authors: Preissl Sebastian , Wang Xinxin , Ren Bing
Published: April 2018

Protocol for applying the TN5-based ATAC-seq method to the analysisof the chromatin of single cell nuclei isolated from brain tissue, as performed withinthe Center for Epigenomics of the Mouse Bain Atlas (CEMBA) and in coordination with the BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN).
Bacterial expression of the recombinant functionally active N-terminal module of the B. taurus tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase
Authors: Zayets V. , Tsuvariev O. , Kornelyuk A. , Kolomiyets L. ,   Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of Natl. Acad. Sci. of Ukraine
Published: April 2018

The nucleotide sequence coding N-terminal module of Bos taurus tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (mini TyrRS) was cloned into the bacterial expression vector pET23d(+). Bacterial expression of the recombinant protein mini TyrRS was performed in E. coli BL21 (DE3)pLysE cells with the use of the constructed vector pET-23d(+)39YRS for subsequent physical and chemical protein studies. The catalytic activity of the recombinant mini TyrRS has been studied in the aminoacylation reaction of homologous tRNATyr.
Regulatory effect of nanogermanium citrate on the content of macro and microelements in tissues of pregnant F1 female rats
Authors: Fedoruk R. , Tsap M. , Tsap M. , Denys H. , Tesarivska U.
Published: April 2018

The probable intergroup changes in the content of macro- and microelements in the blood, internal organs and femur of pregnant females have been established for the prolonged release of various doses of nanogermanium citrate obtained by the method of nanotechnology.The inhibitory effect of citrate Ge on Ca content in the blood of animals in all experimental groups was detected, but the concentration of P was significantly increased with the release of low doses of citrate Ge. Characteristically, the effects of 10 and 20 mkg Ge indicated a significantly lower content of Cu, Co, Fe and Zn in the liver, but high content of Mn in the liver, kidneys and femur muscle. The injection of a high dose of HGeCit, in the amount of 200 mkg of Ge, results in an increase in Fe and Zn in the liver and Cu in the muscle, but a decrease in the Mn in the lungs. The unequal effects of various doses of Ge citrate on the content of individual elements in the tissues of pregnant female F1 rats is confirmed by analogous changes in the absolute content of microelements in terms of the mass of investigated organs.
Application of the eye tracker in the practice of professional selection of personnel
Authors: Zhbankova O.V. , Gusev V.B.
Published: April 2018

The article discusses the results of the application of the eye tracker and the polygraph in the practice of professional selection of personnel. The obtained experimental data indicate the high prognostic ability diagnostics using eye tracking in the selection of personnel.
Endocrine disrupting metals lead to alteration in the gonadal hormone levels in Nigerian e-waste workers
Authors: Igharo Osaretin Godwin , Anetor John I , Osibanjo Oladele , Osadolor Humphrey Benedo , Odazie Emmanuel C , Uche Zedech Chukwuemelie
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDElectronic waste (e-waste) is known to contain thousands of toxic chemicals and metals, many of which have identified endocrine disruption potentials even at low blood concentrations resulting from occupational and environmental exposures. E-waste crude reprocessing in Nigeria is massive and a growing number of Nigerians are occupationally exposed. The present study aimed to determine changes in gonadal hormone levels associated with occupational crude e-waste reprocessing in Nigerian male e-waste workers. METHODSThis cross-sectional study which was carried out in Benin City, South-South Nigeria recruited male e-waste workers (n=63); and apparently healthy non e-waste workers (n=41), as exposed and unexposed participants respectively. Male fertility hormones which includes luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (TESTO) and prolactin (PROL); as well as progesterone (PROG), estrogen (EST) and inhibin (INH) were determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods; whole blood levels of chromium, cadmium, arsenic and mercury were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. RESULTSLevels of TESTO, PROG, LH and FSH; as well as PROL and EST were significantly lower in e-waste workers compared with unexposed participants (p<0.05). In contrast, serum INH was significantly higher in e-waste exposed population compared with the unexposed. In addition, chromium correlated significantly and negatively with testosterone, progesterone and estrogen, while inhibin correlated positively with chromium. Similar correlation patterns were observed for cadmium, arsenic and mercury. CONCLUSIONNigerian e-waste workers experienced reduced levels of key gonadal hormones and this may be associated with occupational exposure to endocrine disrupting metals in e-waste.
Effect of lutein on lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic rats
Authors: Narayanamurthy Uma , M. Anandhi , K. Manimekalai
Published: April 2018

Background: Hyperlipidemia or Dyslipidemia is the major cause of atherosclerosis1 and associated conditions. Low levels of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are the major causes of increased atherogenic risk 1. Aggressive cholesterol reduction in patients with atherosclerotic disease is now the standard of care2. In addition to life style modification, patients with risk factors need lipid lowering drug therapy. The drugs available now do not reduce LDL oxidation, and oxidative stress associated with hyperlipidemia. In recent years, antioxidants have been subjected to epidemiological studies4 that have related their consumption to a reduction in the incidence of oxidative damage related diseases.Methods: Hypercholesterolemia was induced in rats by administration of high cholesterol diet for 30 days in standard rat chow diet. Rats were divided into four groups of six each. Group-I and II with intake of normal diet and High cholesterol diet respectively. Group III and IV are given high cholesterol diet along with Lutein 50mg/kg and Atorvastatin 5mg/kg orally once daily respectively. At the end of 30 days animals were subjected to overnight fasting. Blood samples were drawn by retro-orbital puncture for biochemical analysis. The animals were sacrificed after thiopentone injection and liver and aorta were dissected out and processed for histopathological study and biochemical analysis.Results: Lutein treated group showed even more significant reduction in TBARS levels than the normal control group and Atorvastatin treated group. The efficacy of Lutein in slowing down the atherosclerosis and fatty infiltration of liver is proved in this study.Conclusions: Hence the present study had shown significant hypolipidemic, antiatherogenic and antioxidant effect of Luetin in Hyperlipidemic rats.
Mannequin-based simulation as an educational tool for learning injection techniques: medical students’ view points
Authors: S. H. Lavanya , L. Kalpana
Published: April 2018

Background: Mannequin-based training devices are simulation adjuncts that mimic reality in healthcare settings for acquiring basic procedural skills, without compromising patient safety. The current study aims to explore students’ perceptions of mannequin-based simulation as an educational tool and perceived changes in self-confidence by using a mixed-method research.Methods: This questionnaire‑based study was conducted in 2nd year MBBS students. Pre-validated questionnaires measured the quantitative and qualitative aspects of simulation-training in-terms of their relevance as teaching–learning tool, perceived benefits of sessions, and their importance for future use. The study further attempted to note any perceived change in students’ confidence, measured before and after sessions. Chi-square and Fischer-exact test were computed for quantitative responses. Wilcoxon signed-rank test (two-tailed) was used to analyse students’ confidence rating before and after simulation. Categorical data were represented as frequencies and proportions.Results: Overall, the sessions were well received by students. Over 90% of students agreed that simulation is a safe, enjoyable and feasible modality for acquiring basic clinical skills. Majority opined that sessions helped them integrate basic-life sciences and clinical concepts, improved attention span and urged inclusion in undergraduate curriculum. Students perceived significant improvements (p<0.001) in confidence post-training. Free-text responses were positive with students highlighting the need for simulation sessions and suggestions for improvement.Conclusions: Most students consider mannequin-based learning as an essential tool to acquire procedural skills. By promoting active student engagement and impactful learning, simulations justify inclusion in medical curriculum for better patient safety.
The study for sources of stress and management among medical students
Authors: Bala Suman , Das Sanjoy , Jatana Radhika , Pundeer Ragini , Kundu Purva , Kaur Ramneet
Published: April 2018

Background: In recent years there has been a growing appreciation of the issues of quality of life and stresses involved medical training as this may affect their learning and academic performance. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of sources and severity of stress and coping strategies among medical students.Methods: A questionnaire-based study was carried out among the undergraduate medical students of Himalayan Institute of medical sciences, Jolly grant, Dehradun from July July 2015 to January 2016. The questionnaire consisted of questions on the basis of Academic, Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Social Related Stressors and also various methods adopted by them to overcome stress.Results: Out of 150 students only 136 (90%) responded. All the participants were of first and second professional MBBS course. Overall 56% Students felt studies are contributing to stress followed by 26% due to college, 18% due to friends and 9% due to family pressure. Due to academic stress performance anxiety for upcoming examinations was felt by 59% of the students. Among the personal stressor 58% experienced health related issues and their effect on level of fitness. Stress relievers like 67% of the total students preferred watching movies, while their preference for listening to music was observed in 38% to relieve stress.Conclusions: It was concluded that students have a high level of academic stress followed by the social and personal stress. Since the stressors cannot be permanently eliminated, authors have to necessarily devise efficient methods for managing them.
Effect of educational intervention on knowledge, attitude and practice of hepatitis B vaccine among medical students
Authors: A. V. Sareetha , H. Nagabushan , K. H. Supriya
Published: April 2018

Background: Aim of the study were to assess the impact of education on knowledge, attitude and practice of Hepatitis B vaccine among medical students and to educate the students regarding Hepatitis B vaccination.Methods: Non-randomized before and after comparison study was conducted to evaluate changes in knowledge, attitude and practice of Hepatitis B vaccination (HBV), assigning structured questionnaire of 26 different statements concerning knowledge, attitude and practice by pre and post educational intervention on Hepatitis B and its vaccination.Results: The study was conducted among 100 second year medical students. The response rate was 100%. There was statistically significant improvement in knowledge from pre-test mean scores for modes of transmission (87.4+4.70 vs 95.8+1.61; p=0.0001), preventive measures (92+0.47 vs 98+0.94; p=0.001) and Hepatitis B vaccine (71+4.72 to 84.7+6.65; p=0.0001) to post-test. While the increase in mean scores from pre-test for attitude (68.6+9.21 vs 77.43+11.1) and practice (55+25.41 vs 65.6+32.6) were statistically significant in post-test (p=0.0001; p=0.001 respectively).Conclusions: Structured educational intervention among medical students about Hepatitis B vaccination showed improved knowledge and behaviour and also increased the percentage of students willing to get screened and their participation in health education programmes related to Hepatitis B. However, there is slight lack of knowledge regarding the transmission of Hepatitis B and its vaccination schedule. In this regard, implementation and evaluation of educational intervention is needed as a preventative measure.
Efficacy of platelet rich plasma in comparison to steroid for the management of chronic plantar fasciitis
Authors: Thora Ankit , Tiwari Anurag , Bhatnagar Nishit , Mohindra Mukul
Published: April 2018

Background: Chronic plantar fasciitis is often a difficult to treat entity and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an upcoming modality instead of steroid in chronic cases of plantar fasciitis resistant to traditional non-operative management.

Methods: Sixty patients with chronic plantar fasciitis were prospectively randomised into 2 groups and treated with either a single injection of 3 cc PRP or 40 mg DepoMedrol (Cortisone) injection and followed for a year. Immediately prior to PRP or cortisone injection American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hind foot scoring was done for all patients. These scores were repeated at 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months.

Results: Six weeks evaluation of AOFAS after PRP and corticosteroid administration, the mean visual analogue scale (VAS Score) showed a significant increase in corticosteroid group (4.2) as compared to PRP group (5.8). But, the PRP group (1.8) showed significant improvement in mean VAS scores as compared to Steroid group (3.4) after a year of the treatment. Similarly, the AOFAS score improved significantly in the steroid group (64.4) at 6wks as compared to the PRP group (52.2) but at 12 months however, the PRP group sustained its effect with a mean AOFAS score of 92.2 while in the steroid group, the score dropped to a mean of 78.4.

Conclusions: PRP was more effective than steroid for the long term treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis. Level of Evidence: Level I, prospective randomized comparative series.
Conceptualising Benefits of User-Centred Design for Digital Library Services
Authors: Kautonen Heli , Nieminen Marko
Published: April 2018

Libraries are increasingly adopting user-centred design (UCD) approaches to the development of their services for the benefit of customers. Less attention is paid to evaluating the activity of designing. To address this managerial question, we present a study that examines UCD performance in the context of digital library services' development. The study builds on the existing knowledge on library and design evaluation and examines the literature from two theoretical perspectives: performance management and temporalities. As the main contribution of this paper, we introduce the conceptual 360-Degree Temporal Benefits Model, which captures the situation where many stakeholders are involved in a design activity of a digital library service. Application of the model on two cases demonstrates that the stakeholders can assess the benefits of UCD very differently. We argue that the new model helps in framing the change from the measurable design benefits towards more ambitious and ambiguous public values.
Notícias do mercado de capitais e janelas de eventos para adesões e migrações aos NDGCs
Authors: Antonelli Ricardo Adriano , Clemente Ademir , Colauto Romualdo Douglas
Published: April 2018

Resumo: Neste artigo teve-se como objetivo analisar a influência das notícias relacionadas ao mercado de capitais na determinação da janela do evento para adesões e migrações aos Níveis Diferenciados de Governança Corporativa (NDGCs) da B3 (Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão). A metodologia emprega quatro etapas: determinação do melhor tamanho da janela para 104 empresas; análise do tamanho das janelas consideradas outliers; análise qualitativa das notícias referentes à janela do evento para os outliers, com base no Bloomberg®; e aplicação do Estudo de Eventos para os casos considerados outliers. Os resultados encontrados indicaram uma tendência de pequenas janelas, limitadas a 5-5 dias para cerca de 59,6% dos casos. Para os 42 casos considerados outliers, isto é, janela maior que 5-5 dias, foram encontradas notícias para 61,9%, dos quais apenas 6 casos apresentaram dummies significativas no Estudo de Eventos. A metodologia utilizada conseguiu explicar 68 casos em que houve adesão, migração ou notícia.Palavras-chave: Governança Corporativa. Estudo de eventos. Janelas de eventos. Notícias. Capital market news and windows of events for accessions and migrations to NDGCs Abstract: This article aims to analyze the influence of news related to the capital market in determining the window of the event for accessions and migrations to the BM&FBovespa NDGCs. Four steps are followed: determinig the best size of the window for 104 companies; analysing the size of the Windows which are considered outliers; qualitative analysis of the news related to the window of events for outliers, based on Bloomberg®; and application of the Event Studies for the cases considered outliers. The results of the study indicated a tendency of small windows, limited to 5-5 days for about 59.6% of the cases. For the 42 cases considered outliers, i.e, window bigger than 5-5 days, news was found for 61.9%, from which just 6 ones got meaningful dummies in the Event Study. Even though, the applied methodology succeded explaining 68 of the cases in which there was accession, migration or news.Keywords: Corporate Governance. Windows of Events. Janelas de eventos. News.
Editorial
Authors: Oro Ieda Margarete
Published: April 2018

Editorial
Sumário
Authors: Scalabrin Admin Caren
Published: April 2018

Sumário
Escuela secundaria: currículo, saberes y prácticas en contexto
Authors: Ferreyra Horacio Ademar
Published: April 2018

La comunicación oral o habla representa para cualquier ser humano su modo esencial (no único) de interacción sociocultural. Con la instauración de la oralidad en el proceso judicial colombiano se hace necesario que los profesionales en derecho, mejoren sus competencias comunicativas orales. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las características del proceso del habla en los aspectos de voz, dicción, fluidez y prosodia de los estudiantes investigadores del Programa de Derecho de la Universidad Santiago de Cali. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, seleccionando una muestra no probabilística de 38 personas. Se realizó análisis univariado y bivariado. Se evidenció que a pesar de que el habla que presenta la población de estudio es funcional para algunos contextos cotidianos, se encontraron dificultades de habla como, disfluencia en un 63.16% y en más del 50% de la población disprosodia, entre otros. Esto influye sobre la dinámica discursiva de la Oralidad Procesal, que es la herramienta esencial de la tarea jurisdiccional de los profesionales en derecho.Â
Review: Prioritizing Academic Programs and Services: reallocating resources to acheive strategic balance
Authors: Valentino Caterina
Published: April 2018

a review
Seasonal variation of lungworm infestation of ewes at Sidi Bouzid slaughterhouse (Central Tunisia)
Authors: Elati Khawla , Aloui Sabrine , Dhibi Mokhtar , Rekik Mourad , Gharbi Mohamed
Published: April 2018

Respiratory strongyloses are among the most important diseases affecting sheep reared in various farming systems in many countries. In Tunisia, farmers without any scientific background carry out the control of these parasites. A survey was performed in a slaughterhouse in Sidi Bouzid District (Central Tunisia) to assess the prevalence of sheep infestation by lungworms. The study lasted 12 months and involved 720 of the slaughtered ewes. Fecal samples from each ewe were collected and examined by Baermann’s technique. Sixty-eight samples were infested with pulmonary nematode larvae (9.4 ± 2.1%). The population was dominated by Protostrongylus rufescens (4.4 ± 1.5%), followed by Dictyocaulus filaria (2.6 ± 1.2%), Cystocaulus ocreatus and Neostrongylus linearis (1.3 ± 0.8%), and finally Muellerius capillaris (0.3 ± 0.4%), whereas mixed infestations concerned 0.4 ± 0.5% of samples. Lungworm infestation was observed in all age groups with no significant difference (p = 0.64). In addition there was no significant difference in infestation between fat-tailed Barbarine (10.8 ± 3.6%) and Queue fine de l’Ouest (Western Thin Tail) (8.5 ± 2.6%; p = 0.31) sheep breeds. The lowest prevalence was recorded in spring (6.7 ± 3.6%) and the highest in winter (11.7 ± 4.8%), but the difference between seasons was not significant (p = 0.32). This study concerning the activity dynamics of lungworms should be completed by a monitoring project to determine the economic importance of these infestations and provide a solid basis for the establishment of specific control programs against these parasites in Tunisia.
HASIL BELAJAR, MINAT DAN KREATIVITAS SISWA SMA PADA PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN BAHAN BEKAS
Authors: Aini Qurotul , Lesmono Albertus Djoko , Wahyuni Sri
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to examine the effect of the model ofproject based learning by utilizing used materials to the students' learning outcomes,to examine the influence of the model of the project based learning by utilizing theused materials on the interest of learning and to describe the creativity of the studentsin the model of project based learning by utilizing the used materials. The type ofresearch was experiment using posttest-only control group design. The independentvariables in this research was the model of project based learning by utilizing theused materials, the dependent variable in this study is the learning, learning interest,and the students creativity. The result of this research showed that (1) project basedlearning model using the used materials had significant effect on the students'learning outcomes, (2) project based learning model using the used materials hadno significant effect on students' learning interest, (3) Student learning creativityduring use the model of project based learning by utilizing the used materialsincluded in the category quite creative.Key Word: project based learning model, student learning outcame, interests,creativity