bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technology for Forming Contacts from Refractory Metals to Doped Semiconductor Layers
Authors:   Dagestan State University of National Economy, Makhachkala, 367008, Russian Federation, Cherkesova N.V. , Mustafaev G.A ,   Dagestan State University of National Economy, Makhachkala, 367008, Russian Federation, Mustafaev A.G. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University, Nalchik, 360004, Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

The paper describes the technology of forming contacts to semiconductor layers based on AIIIBV compounds using laser diffusion of alloying elements from a gaseous medium. The influence of laser processing parameters, such as pulse energy, substrate temperature, processing time, and type of doping gas, on the characteristics of diffusion layers and contacts was studied. To measure surface and contact resistance, a four-probe method was used, as well as structural analysis of the interface between the metal and the semiconductor. It has been shown that laser diffusion makes it possible to obtain thin, heavily doped layers with low contact resistance, but can also lead to degradation of the GaAs surface at high temperatures
Investigation of the Selectivity during Plasma Etching of the Device Layer of Inertial Micromechanical Systems
Authors:   ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russian Federation, Karanin N.S.
Published: January 2025

The mechanism for changing selectivity in the process of plasma-chemical etching of the device layer of a micromechanical accelerometer has been studied to improve the manufacturing technology of inertial micromechanical devices, as well as to introduce methods and programs for the development and design of new products of microelectromechanical systems.
The objects of study are surface structures formed by plasma etching of the device layer of a micromechanical accelerometer. A method is presented for calculating heat flows for deep reactive ion etching using the Bosch process as input parameters for modeling the heating process of the sensitive element of a micromechanical accelerometer. Finite element modeling of the heating process of the sensitive element of a micromechanical accelerometer makes it possible to determine the temperature of surface structures in the formed instrumental layer of the micromechanical accelerometer. Knowledge of the temperature for surface structures in the device layer of a micromechanical accelerometer is key for determination of the changes in the selectivity of the plasma etching process. The dependence of selectivity on time makes it possible to determine the minimum required mask thickness for the etching process, as well as the possibility of obtaining surface structures with the required geometric accuracy. An experimental study of changes in the mask etching rate during plasma etching of the device layer of a micromechanical accelerometer was carried out and the selectivity of the etching process was determined, as well as an assessment of the convergence with the modeling results. The etching rate of the mask was determined during the etching process using laser interferometry.
The result of the study allows to identify the most optimal method of plasma etching of the device layer of a micromechanical accelerometer for the formation of precision surface structures with a high aspect ratio and the required geometric accuracy.
Validation of the Neuropathy Impairment Score (NIS) for use in Russian-speaking patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
Authors: Suponeva N. A. , Arestova A. S. , Melnik E. A. , Zimin A. A. , Narbut A. M. , Yakubu A. , Sherbakova E. S. , Zaytsev A. B. , Grishina D. A. , Yusupova D. G. , Gnedovskaya E. V. , Piradov M. A.
Published: January 2025

Background. A clinical application of scales and questionnaires is essential for the objective evaluation of treatment response, disease course, quality of life and the disability level in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Neuropathy Impairment Score (NIS) has become widespread in epidemiological and clinical studies of various polyneuropathies, including CIDP. However, its application in Russia is limited by the absence of its validated version for Russian-speaking patients. Aim. To develop the Russian validated version of the NIS for its application in patients with CIDP. Materials and methods. The study involved 50 patients with CIDP (25 with multifocal variant of CIDP (Lewis–Sumner syndrome) and 25 with typical CIDP). The validation process included two stages: translation and linguocultural ratification of the scale according to the standard protocol and an assessment of its psychometric properties, such as reliability, validity and sensitivity. Results. The developed Russian version of the NIS demonstrated the high level of reliability, sensitivity and validity. Conclusion. The validated Russian version of the NIS can be recommended for application in research and clinical practice.
Research and clinical application of transcranial magnetic stimulation in children with head injury: method overview
Authors: Kanshina D. S. , Akhadov T. A. , Nikitin S. S.
Published: January 2025

According to research, transcranial magnetic stimulation has potential as a non-invasive prognostic method to quantify neurophysiological changes of brain after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The pathophysiological basis of changes in transcranial magnetic stimulation parameters in TBI includes impaired regulation of neurotransmitter release, changes in receptor expression, damage to interneurons and microcytoarchitectonics, which provokes a disturbance in the functional balance between cortical excitation and inhibition. The vulnerability of inhibitory mechanisms of interneurons due to decreased levels of GABAB receptor-mediated cortical inhibition was found to be a peculiarity of the pediatric population with the consequences of TBI. The purpose of this publication was to analyze the most informative parameters of diagnostic transcranial magnetic stimulation in the pediatric population with the consequences of TBI based on the available literature.
Macrophage activation syndrome during pregnancy as a fatal complication of systemic idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Shesternya P. A. , Tskhay V. B. , Bazina M. I. , Matveeva I. V.
Published: January 2025

According to the current concept, juvenile arthritis with a systemic onset (systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, sJIA) and adult­onset Still's disease (ASD) are considered as rare autoinflammatory diseases, with the underlying immunopathogenesis being based on the mechanisms bridging both of such diseases. Despite they develop in childhood and young age, the issues of reproduction occurring during these pathologies virtually unexplored. The article presents a clinical case of maternal death in a 22-year-old primiparous woman and analyzes the tactics of sJIA management, which was complicated by pregnancy-related macrophage activation syndrome.
Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
Authors: Li H. , Li X. , Song X. , Tian W. , Fan A. , Han Ch. , Zhang H. , Xue F. , Wang Y.
Published: January 2025

With over 70 years of development, the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital has evolved into a comprehensive center for clinical care, research, and education, showcasing significant influence and technical strength in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. The department operates more than 200 beds, handles over 260,000 outpatient and emergency visits annually, and performs nearly 10,000 surgeries each year. As the final referral and rescue center for complex and critical cases in Tianjin, the department excels in sub-specialties such as perinatal medicine, gynecologic oncology, obstetric critical care, reproductive medicine, and gynecological endocrinology. It has made significant advances in precision diagnosis and personalized treatments, leading the development of the discipline in Northern China. In recent years, the department has demonstrated outstanding scientific innovation, undertaking numerous national and provincial-level projects, publishing high-impact papers, and contributing to multiple international and national guidelines. The department continues to advance both academic and clinical excellence, significantly contributing to the Healthy Tianjin Initiative and the broader Healthy China Action.
Delayed diagnosis of thoracic spine tuberculosis: a learning objective in primary care
Authors: Sunwar Sabit , Saiyed Abrar A.
Published: January 2025

Spinal tuberculosis (TB) constitutes 2% of all TB cases and is a common of all extrapulmonary TB. Despite high prevalence of TB worldwide, it is still sub-optimally controlled owing to the factors like poverty, rising human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) infection and other chronic illnesses, drug misuse, population surge in developing countries and global migration. This case report presents a 38-year-old man who presented with recurrent chronic thoracic back pain. Further investigation in his third visit revealed a compression fracture of T7-8 vertebrae, with a pathologic fracture with spondylitis, epidural abscess and spinal cord compression suggestive of an infectious process, with tuberculosis being the primary differential diagnosis. We present our case to highlight the importance of a meticulous history taking and examination at first presentation and how cases of spinal TB should not be overlooked.
Metaphors in the dictionary of German football language
Authors: Beliutin R. V.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to comprehensive analysis of metaphors in German football language found in an extraordinary specialized dictionary, which was edited by a German linguist A. Burkhardt. Metaphor is viewed as a vitally important conceptual and language mechanism that helps understand the essence of complex objects, phenomena, events – in this very case belonging to football discourse, emphasize new dimensions of football concepts, introduce imagination and evaluation in the speaker’s utterance. The conducted analysis makes it possible to conclude that the German football discourse is highly metaphorical, capable of correlating with diverse conceptual spheres serving as source domains («war», «religion», «mechanisms», «flora», «fauna», «medicine», «arts», «construction» and others). Resources of sports discourse itself are also actively employed, which entails import of concepts inside the discourse – for example, boxing or track-and-field athletics terms are applied to determine football realia. The status of metaphors in the German football language and their firm position in this communicative space are distinguished through an outstanding network of synonymous constructions and variations, multifarious word-building patterns (mainly compounding) in developing new metaphoric units. The linguistic insight into the metaphoric football language is complemented by translation and linguodidactics planes: typology of variants for relating football metaphors from one language to another (by the example of the German and Russian languages) allows to reveal zones of similarity and difference in metaphoric conceptualization of football realia in different world views, to identify the nature of possible difficulties for interpreters working in this professional sphere and those studying football language for communication, to understand the contents in sports media and so on. The methods used are discourse analysis, modeling, classification, lexicographic, distributive, comparative and contrastive methods.
Thematic marking of the anthropological corpus: a methodology for classifying miners’ narratives
Authors: Mazitova L. L. , Panteleeva L. M.
Published: January 2025

The article describes the methodology for creating an anthropological corpus of texts that are united by belonging to the mining profession. The content of the work correlates with three research tasks: development of a thematic classification, introduction of conventions for highlighting narratives in the text, 3) determination of principles for organizing the corpus according to the themes of narratives. Thematic classification of narratives was the result of the analysis of several «control» texts. It represents a multi-level systematization of topics of cultural and professional nature: when the main (basic) topics can have internal detail, which leads to the emergence of micro-topics. The number of such microtopics can be different and is determined by the specifics of the topic itself, i.e. the ability to characterize the corresponding phenomenon of reality in various aspects. Fragments of text in which a particular topic or subtopic is implemented are highlighted with square brackets. On both sides of the brackets, the numerical designations of the corresponding topic/subtopic from the previously given thematic classification are indicated. During thematic marking, the principles of compliance of the narrative with the main theme of the corpus, incompleteness of the thematic classification, integrity of the narrative, non-rigid marking, taking into account «zero» topics are maintained. The article describes particular problems of marking, when a particular topic is not developed by the informant, despite the fact that the context allows for different interpretations of the topic of the narrative. In such situations, during the marking process, the topic purposefully represented by the informant is separated from facts that may have only an indirect relation to any topic, but may not have any. Thus, the described methodology represents the first approach to developing a meta-markup standard. The type of marking used can be called extra-linguistic based on the specifics of the subject information, analytical based on the method of identification, narrative based on the object, multi-level based on the depth of classification, manual based on the method of assigning labels, and neutral in relation to a certain theory.
Evocative properties of precedent proper names in the newest German-speaking fictional discourse
Authors: Blinova Yu. A.
Published: January 2025

The article based on the works of the second decade of the XXI century of the modern German-speaking authors analyses and describes the realization of the evocative function of precedent proper names in the newest German fictional discourse as a mechanism for creation of extra implicit meanings. Precedent names possess the evocative property and act as evocative shifters that allow for shifts between various conceptual fields and actualization of lingua-cultural concepts on the level of content. In the capacity of figurative analogies, metaphors and metonymies they act as evocative triggers, creating implications. Carrying deep associative meaning, they allow for thinking out and speculating about information that is omitted or implied by the authors. Usage of precedent names in fictional discourse is a cultural and intellectual communicative strategy that allows authors to control the perception and interpretation of the information read. Thus they can be considered as markers for both culturally important and implicit types of information. In general, precedent names realize the tendencies for implicity, fascinativity and suggestivity that contribute to the increase in expressiveness, emotionality and aesthetic impact of a fictional text.
Ethical and legal aspects of using generative artificial intelligence technologies in preparing qualification and scientific papers
Authors: Ivanov V. V. , Nesterov A. Yu. , Yanchenko I. P.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the issue of using generative AI in the higher education system of the Russian Federation. The relevance of this issue is due to the avalanche-like growth in the use of generation by students and postgraduates in the 2023/24 academic year, the heated discussions that arose in this regard within universities, a series of publications in the media, the lack of development of the legal aspects of the use of generation, the ambiguity of its ethical grounds and consequences. The goal of the authors' collective is to formulate a collective position of teachers of classical humanitarian knowledge, which consists in the inadmissibility of using generative AI in the preparation of qualification and scientific papers. The work examines the regulatory aspects of the use of generation, conducts an experimental study of generative systems popular in the Russian-speaking space, and formulates a fundamental threat to subjectivity at the level of the individual and the collective, arising in connection with the use of generative AI. The general conclusion of the work is the need for careful legal and ethical regulation of the areas and methods of using generative systems in higher education.
Technical standardization work in Leningrad industry (1928–1937)
Authors: Kolobova A. V.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The question about the planned nature of the Soviet economy, as well as standard of living of production workers in the late 1920-ies and early 1930-ies remains controversial in science. Despite the fact that the establishment of standards and prices for certain types of work depended on technical regulation, scientists paid little attention to this aspect of organizing the activities of industrial enterprises. However, the required amount of work and the cost of its implementation could not be ignored when drawing up long-term production plans and determining the amount of remuneration. The purpose of the article is to analyze technical standardization work in Leningrad industry in 1928–1937. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: to study the organizational and personnel aspects of technical standardization work, to establish the basic methods of standardization used in Leningrad factories and plants, to determine the quality of established standards and to monitor the presence or absence of a relationship between the state of technical standardization work at the enterprise and the implementation of production plans. Using a specific problem method, a systematic approach and structural-functional analysis, the management documentation of production associations and their subordinate enterprises, departments of the secretariat of the Leningrad Regional Committee and the city committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks was studied. As a result, it was concluded that, despite the relationship between the successful implementation of target figures and the quality of technical standardization work, the establishment of standards and prices contributed little to the development of feasible plans and target figures. Technical standardization was used as a tool to solve the financial problems of enterprises and achieve compliance between real and planned indicators.
Nurses’ Perception towards Electronic Medical Records System: An Integrative Review of Barriers and Facilitators
Authors: Maawati Faniea , Iswanti Dwi Indah , Saifudin I Made Moh Yanuar , Dedi Blacius
Published: January 2025

Background: Electronic medical records (EMRs) can minimize mistakes, enhance the comprehensiveness, legibility, and overall comprehension of medical records. However, nurses' limited familiarity with advanced technology lowers their confidence in utilizing EMRs. We aimed to collect and synthesize the most credible evidence on nurses' perception of EMRs, along with the barriers and facilitators that influence their acceptance.
Methods: Searching for relevant studies was carried out across three electronic databases, namely PubMed, Scopus and ProQuest in Dec 2023. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was followed in this study report. The selected studies were then analyzed narratively and organized thematically for presentation.
Results: Out of the 4,382 articles identified through comprehensive database searches, only 19 met the criteria for inclusion and reviewed. Through the synthesis of findings, two primary themes emerged, including nurses' perceptions and experiences with EMRs and facilitators & barriers for nurses’ in utilizing EMRs.
Conclusion: Nurses' perspectives are shaped by their computer skills, confidence in their abilities, and training. Despite obstacles such as nurse stress, EMRs present advantages such as enhanced patient care and decreased errors. Augmenting computer competency, delivering training, and guaranteeing support are essential for effective EMRs integration, leading to enhanced healthcare provision and better patient results.
Ekosistemske storitve v bioregiji Dravinjska dolina
Authors: Vovk Ana
Published: January 2025

Bioregija Dravinjska dolina je območje ob reki Dravinji in zajema dno poplavne doline, obrobje Dravinjskih goric in vršne dele tega gričevja. Spada med naravna območja, saj tod nikoli ni bilo industrijskih in kmetijskih dejavnosti, ki bi bistveno vplivale na naravo. V raziskavi nas je zanimala ocena ekosistemskih storitev na osnovi tod zastopanih ekosistemov, ki so določeni glede na naravne lastnosti kot je tip prsti, vegetacije, raba tal, kamninska osnova, relief in voda. Ocenili smo štiri skupine ekosistemov s pomočjo diagrama vrednosti ekosistemskih storitev, ki temelji na intenzivnosti rabe prostora, večja kot je ta, nižje so ekosistemske storitve. Upoštevali smo uveljaljeno delitev ekosistemskih storitev na uravnalne, storitvene (tukaj so pridružene podporne) in kulture ter celotno vrednost ekosistemskih storitev. Raziskava podpira interes občine Poljčane, da bi se na tem območju vzpostavila bioregija Dravinjska dolina kot uveljavljena prostorska enota kot so ekovasi, ekomesta in trajnostne regije, z velikim poudarkom na povezovanju človekovih dejavnosti z naravo. Rezultati ocene ekosistemskih storitev kažejo, da ne glede na druge značilnosti prostora, imata gozd in primarna vegetacija ključno vlogo pri podpiranju storitev okolja.
Evaluating Relative Heat Stress in Natura 2000 Site Kras in Different Climate Change Scenarios - A Case Study Utilizing Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression
Authors: Davidovič Danijel , Ivajnšič Danijel
Published: January 2025

The study evaluates relative heat stress in the Natura 2000 site Kras under various climate change scenarios using Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR). Kras, a limestone plateau in southwestern Slovenia, is highly vulnerable to droughts and wildfires due to its high insolation. Optical and thermal satellite imagery and five future air temperature scenarios were utilized to downscale thermal conditions and evaluate relative heat stress in the study area. Results indicate significant spatio-temporal variability in LST, with the southeastern region being particularly susceptible to elevated heat stress. Projections show an overall increase in heat stress due to climate change, with potential reductions in densely vegetated areas. The study emphasizes the need for spatially explicit analyses and adaptive strategies to mitigate heat stress impacts on ecosystems and human populations.
Electrical and Electromechanical Converters: Lecture Notations
Authors: Zagradišnik Ivan , Ritonja Jožef
Published: January 2025

The publication is divided into five chapters: Introduction: magnetic field, excitation of windings, induction of voltage, forces and torque, conversion of electrical power into electrical or mechanical power, losses, efficiency, heating and cooling. Transformer: construction elements, ideal and real single-phase transformer, three-phase transformer, special transformer designs. Induction machine: description of construction with windings and mode of operation, starting motors and varying speed and torque, induction generator, single-phase induction motors. Synchronous machine: description of construction and operation, operation on a rigid grid, approximate treatment of a saturated machine, excitation systems and the use of permanent magnets for excitation, and permanent magnet synchronous motors.
GILLES DELEUZE – DZIEŁO-ŻYCIE. BIOGRAFIA INTELEKTUALNA
Authors: Banasiak Bogdan
Published: January 2025

Tekst jest biografią intelektualną współczesnego filozofa francuskiego, Gillesa Deleuze’a. Uwzględnia ona jego inspiracje filozoficzne, przyjaźnie, a przede wszystkim wszystkie publikacje, wzmiankując ich problematykę. Przede wszystkim jednak pokazuje sylwetkę człowieka, który, nie mogąc z powodów zdrowotnych robić tego, czemu poświęcił życie, tj. myśleć, pisać i uczyć, popełnił samobójstwo. Finalnie zaś odnotowuje recepcję tego aktu we francuskim środowisku filozoficznym. W sumie tekst jest wspomnieniem o wielkim filozofie oraz hołdem dla jego dzieła-życia.
Elastyczność mikro i małych przedsiębiorstw w kontekście finansowania zewnętrznego
Authors: Stawasz Edward , Miszczak Tomasz
Published: January 2025

Tematem przewodnim monografii jest elastyczność mikro i małych polskich przedsiębiorstw opisana z punktu widzenia jej relacji z finansowaniem zewnętrznym z udziałem środków publicznych. Rozważania koncentrują się na kwestii identyfikacji, czynnikach, analizie oraz ocenie wpływu finansowania zewnętrznego na elastyczność firm. Przyjęto założenie, iż finansowanie zewnętrzne z udziałem środków publicznych, przez swój sformalizowany charakter oraz rygorystyczny harmonogram prac, wpływa na elastyczność mikro i małych przedsiębiorstw.
W publikacji została podjęta próba całościowego spojrzenia na ważną dla współczesnego zarządzania mikro i małymi przedsiębiorstwami kwestię elastyczności działania rozpatrywaną w kontekście przedsiębiorczości i zarządzania okazjami oraz cech posiadanych zasobów, w tym finansowych. Dostęp i pełne wykorzystanie zasobów finansowych, większa dyspozycja i kontrolowanie w wysokim stopniu mogą przyczynić się do wzrostu elastyczności przedsiębiorstwa i w efekcie pełniejszego wykorzystania okazji rynkowych.
Monografia może stanowić użyteczną pomoc naukową, metodologiczną i dydaktyczną dla studentów przedmiotów z zakresu zarządzania i przedsiębiorczości, dla środowiska biznesowego, a także dla osób zajmujących się tematyką funkcjonowania mikro i małych przedsiębiorstw.
2,4,6-trichloro-cyclohexa-2,5-dienone
Authors: Gambacorta Guido , Han Teo Qin , Baxendale Ian R.
Published: January 2025

A continuous-flow process was optimised for the perchlorination of p-cresol to the corresponding 2,4,6-trichloro-cyclohexa-2,5-dienone derivative employing trichloroisocyanuric acid as a green and safer to handle chlorinating agent. The system could furnish 200 grams of pure material within 5 hours of operation (throughput = 40 g h-1).
Dynamic Modeling of Energy, Exergy, Exergoeconomic, Economic and Environmental Indices of a CO2 Transcritical Vapor Compression Refrigeration System with Hybrid Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Heat Exchangers
Authors: Letlhare-Wastikc Kabo , Yang Xinle
Published: January 2025

Thermodynamic equipment efficiency continues to be a topical area of research, especially at the advent of 3D printing of compact heat exchangers (HX). The innovative equipment should address wholistic efficiency concerns (thermodynamic, sustainable, economic). This study dynamically simulated a CO2 (R744) transcritical vapor compression refrigeration system fitted with novel hy-brid Triply Periodic Minimal Surface heat exchangers and compared with it to a tubular HX system on energy, exergy, exergoeconomic, economic and environmental performance. The models were run in MATLAB, which called their Simulink dynamic simulations. Key findings were; improved heat transfer effectiveness due to the material’s intricate shape, exergy efficiency is 5.79% better, initial investment savings is 16.49%, CO2 penalty cost rate reduction of 15.04%, and overall exergy cost rate reduction of 40.83%. The implications of these findings are that the proposed HX achieves more surface area and less material volume for heat transfer equivalent to a bigger pipe HX, hence more economic at less environmental impact and reduced irreversibilities.
Determining the Accuracy of Measuring Structural Parameters from LiDAR Images in Lowland Oak Forests
Authors: Kolić Jelena , Pernar Renata , Seletković Ante , Ančić Mario
Published: January 2025

Data on forests (height, diameter at breast height, volume, etc.) are increasingly being collected using remote sensing methods, which improve forest inventories. The latest popular method of data collection is through unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with LiDAR sensors, which allow for a more detailed assessment of structural parameters in space and time, facilitating the practical application of more complex forest management systems. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to measure the structural elements of the stand (volume, basal area, tree count, height, diameter at breast height, crown width and area, etc.) from LiDAR images and determine the accuracy of the results obtained. The research was conducted in the area of the most valuable forests in Croatia – the lowland oak forests, covering an area of 5500 ha. The results of the study showed that there is no statistically significant difference between the diameters and heights measured in the field and those from LiDAR images, and consequently, no difference in the calculated volume. The study also concluded that the use of unmanned aerial vehicles with various sensors can significantly reduce fieldwork while achieving the same accuracy in the results, thus leading to substantial savings in both time and money.
The Role of Marketing Effort in Enhancing Closed-Loop Supply Chains Under Recycling Competition
Authors: Tian Xu , Wang Lei , Luo Zaichen
Published: January 2025

We investigate a closed-loop supply chain system comprising manufacturers and retailers engaged in recycling competition. The manufacture is the CLSC Stackelberg Leader. By developing a Stackelberg model incorporating marketing, we analyze the impact of marketing efforts by different agents on the entire system, specifically focusing on marketing conducted by the manufacturer, the retailer, and the centralized supply chain. Our findings reveal that the manufacturer consistently prefers the retailer to undertake marketing effort. In contrast, the retailer favors the manufacturer handling marketing when recycling competition intensity is low but prefer to conduct marketing himself when the competition intensity is high. The extent of environmental harm under different models depends on base demand: no marketing results in the least harm when base demand is low, marketing by manufacturers minimizes harm when base demand is moderate, and marketing by retailers causes the least harm when base demand is high. Finally, we perform a numerical analysis of the marketing cost-sharing contract and find that an appropriate sharing ratio consistently enhances the profitability of the entire supply chain.
How Do Tourism and Environment Theories Intersect?
Authors: Menegaki Angeliki N
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the intersection of tourism and environmental theories, highlighting how sustainability serves as a critical bridge between the two disciplines. Tourism theories such as Butler’s Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) provide insights into destination development and tourist behavior, but often lack an ecological perspective. The environmental framework, including Ecological Modernization Theory (EMT) and Common-Pool Resource (CPR) Theory, emphasizes sustainable resource management and the interconnectedness of human activities and natural systems. This paper examines common concepts such as carrying capacity, sustainable development and behavioral insights, while also identifying tensions between economic growth and environmental preservation. Case studies from Costa Rica, Hawaii and Thailand illustrate practical applications of these theories in real-world settings, revealing how tourism can be both a threat and a tool for conservation. My paper concludes that integrating environmental impact assessment (EIA) and community-based tourism (CBT) models into tourism planning, can lead to better long-term resource management. It recommends the adoption of stricter regulations on tourism development in fragile ecosystems, implementation of eco-certifications, and promotion of locally governed tourism initiatives. These strategies will ensure the sustainability of both tourism activities and the ecosystems on which they depend.
The Role of Specialized Proresolving Mediators in Mast Cells and Their Involvement in Inflammation and Resolution
Authors: Fukuishi Nobuyuki , Takahama Kentaro , Kurosaki Hiromasa , Ono Sayaka , Asai Haruka
Published: January 2025

Many polyunsaturated fatty acids within cells exhibit diverse physiological functions. Particularly, arachidonic acid is the precursor of highly bioactive prostaglandins and leukotrienes, which are proinflammatory mediators. However, polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic, docosahexaenoic, and eicosapentaenoic acids, can be metabolized into specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs), which have anti-inflammatory properties. Given that proinflammatory mediators and SPMs are produced via similar enzymatic pathways, SPMs can play a crucial role in mitigating excessive tissue damage induced by inflammation. Mast cells are immune cells that are widely distributed and strategically positioned at interfaces with the external environment, such as the skin and mucosa. As immune system sentinels, they respond to harmful pathogens and foreign substances. Upon activation, mast cells release various proinflammatory mediators, initiating an inflammatory response. Furthermore, these cells secrete factors that promote tissue repair and inhibit inflammation. This dual function positions mast cells as central regulators, balancing between the body’s defense mechanisms and the need to minimize tissue injury. This review investigates the production of SPMs by mast cells and their subsequent effects on these cells. By elucidating the intricate relationship between mast cells and SPMs, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism by which these cells regulate the delicate balance between tissue damage and repair at inflammatory sites, ultimately contributing to the resolution of inflammatory responses.
Engineered Nanoparticles (ENPs) in Aquatic Environments and Soil-Plant Ecosystems: Transformation, Toxicity, and Environmental Challenge
Authors: Islam A.K.M. Nazrul , Ridwan Asib , Neon Asif Karim , Rab Md. Fozle , Uddin Md. Nizam
Published: January 2025

The ever-increasing use of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in industries, medicine, and consumer products has resulted in their uncontrolled release into aquatic environments and soil-plant systems. Upon release, ENPs may transform and release toxic by-products, raising concerns about their environmental behavior and potential risks. However, accurately measuring ENP concentrations in these ecosystems remains a significant challenge. Recent studies have highlighted the toxic effects of ENPs on various organisms, but assessing the risk in aquatic and soil-plant systems remains a critical issue in nanoecotoxicology. ENPs interact with environmental materials, including organic matter, soil, sludge, and other pollutants, forming complex assemblies that may alter their toxicity and environmental fate. This study examines the interactions of ENPs in aquatic and soil-plant environments, focusing on their transformation, toxicity, and ecological impact. The goal is to identify knowledge gaps and outline directions for future consideration for a better understanding of the environmental risks of ENPs. Additionally, the research addresses the challenges of evaluating nanotoxicity and highlights the need for improved environmental regulations and assessment techniques for engineered nanomaterials.
STUDI NUMERIK ALIRAN 3D INTERAKSI AIRFOIL DAN PLAT DATAR
Authors: Rachman Arfidian , Yuana Dewi Arfirta , Effendi Asnal
Published: January 2025

Pengaruh aliran sekunder pada konfigurasi badan sayap pada pesawat—yaitu, keberadaan pusaran ujung sayap pada daerah ujung dan terciptanya beberapa elemen aliran pusaran pada daerah dinding ujung—menjadi dasar bagi kajian keberadaan struktur aliran sekunder ini. Kedua faktor ini jika digabungkan akan menghalangi aliran utama. Adanya efek pemblokiran ini akan berdampak pada aerodinamika gaya angkat dan gaya hambat, yang secara langsung berdampak pada kemanjuran dan efisiensi sayap. Pergeseran posisi titik pelana ke arah sisi tekanan merupakan fenomena yang dapat dilihat pada daerah dinding ujung. Di sisi lain, daerah tekanan maksimum pada permukaan bawah bergerak ke arah sisi tekan, dan pergerakan titik tekanan minimum pada permukaan atas ditemukan lebih dekat ke tepi terdepan berdasarkan kontur isobar. Kajian akan dilakukan secara eksperimen pada model pelat datar dengan perubahan bentuk sayap dengan variasi sudut serang (α) = 0o.
Incidencia de complicaciones de la Cirugía Bariátrica en el Perú – Revisión sistemática
Authors:   , Calle Brush Alejandro
Published: January 2025

La obesidad en una problemática que afecta a la población de todo el mundo. Es por ello que la cirugía bariátrica ha sido empleada como tratamiento a largo plazo, luego del fracaso del manejo médico. No obstante, se han observado complicaciones post quirúrgicas tempranas y tardías.
Objetivos: Describir las complicaciones de la cirugía bariátrica en el Perú a través de una revisión sistemática.
Materiales y Métodos. Se ejecutará una revisión sistemática con el tema “Complicaciones post operatorias de la cirugía bariátrica en el Perú 2018-2023” a través de un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, cualitativo; utilizando PRISMA 2020 como guía para la realización del informe final de la revisión y Zotero como gestor de bibliografía. Se recolectarán datos científicos de diversos buscadores; teniendo en cuenta los criterios de inclusión y exclusión.
Clinical Characteristics, Treatment Outcomes, And Prognostic Factors of Laryngeal Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Wang Qingling , Xie Feng , Guo Shiduo , Xu Zhenju , Pang Wenhui , Guo Xiangdong , Jiang Liwei
Published: January 2025

Objective. Laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma (LNEC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis.This study investigates the clinical characteristics, treatments and prognostic factors of LNEC patients. Methods. Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University cohort (2008–2018) were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models were used to evaluate demographic, treatment, and 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) data. Results. A total of 125 patients (111 SEER, 14 Qingdao) with a median age of 60 years were included. Most were male and had supraglottic tumors.The five-year DSS was 30.6% (SEER) and 35.7% (Qingdao).Grade III tumors (HR = 3.04, P = 0.003) were associated with worse outcomes, whereas partial laryngectomy (HR = 0.34, P = 0.018) was linked to better survival. Conclusion. Low-grade tumors and partial laryngectomy are associated with better survival. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
An Improved NSGA-II Method for Solving Multi-objective Flexible Job-shop Scheduling Problems
Authors: Jiang Ming , Wei Hanxi , Peng Dongpeng , Chen Shu
Published: January 2025

This paper addresses the multi-objective optimization problem in flexible job-shop scheduling, establishing a model that optimizes completion time, total machine load, and energy consumption. An improved version of the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) is proposed. This algorithm is designed with multi-objective optimization in mind, featuring a population initialization method for multiple objective functions that enhance the quality and diversity of the population. It also introduces an adaptive crossover and mutation operator, incorporating evaluation during the crossover and mutation process to raise the quality of the offspring. An experience-based improved elite preservation strategy has been designed to prevent the reduction of population diversity in the later stages of evolution while protecting high-quality individuals from degradation during the genetic process. The results demonstrate that the advantages of this algorithm can more effectively solve the multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling problem. As a core optimization problem in modern manufacturing, flexible job-shop scheduling aims to maximize production efficiency and cost-effectiveness through the rational allocation of shop resources.
Gait retraining with real-time visual biofeedback reduces pain, plantar loading and increase function in runners with plantar fasciitis: randomized clinical trial
Authors: Pinto Giovanna Truyts Biscardi , Pinto Marcos Antônio Leite Pereira , Souza Júlia Constante , Maia Guilherme Silveira , Esteves André Luiz Cruz , Salomão Ricardo Cesar , Oliveira Gabrielle Souza , Shull Peter B. , Ribeiro Ana Paula
Published: January 2025

Background
Plantar fasciitis (PF) affects approximately 2 million individuals per year, affecting approximately 10–25% of runners around the world. It is considered to have a great impact on health, especially due to the pain and functional limitations of the feet and lower limbs. Thus, the objective of this randomized clinical trial was to verify the effect of gait retraining with real-time visual feedback on pain, function, and biomechanical parameters of plantar loading in runners with and without PF.
Methods
Controlled, randomized clinical trial with blinded evaluators. Participants: 24 runners were evaluated and divided into two groups: 12 runners with plantar fasciitis and 12 control runners. The assessments were performed pre-intervention and post-intervention. The intervention protocol consisted of gait retraining during treadmill running, for 5 consecutive weeks, over two months (2 sessions/week, 40 min/session, total of 10 sessions). Primary outcomes were: feet pain by visual analogue scale and plantar pressure during gait on the pressure platform. Secondary outcomes were: functionality of the feet and lower limbs, evaluated through the questionnaires: Foot Function Index, Foot and Ankle Ability Measure and Lower Extremity Functional Scale, and the Foot Posture Index. Data were analyzed according to intention-to-treat.
Results
Runners with PF presented improvement in pain and physical-functional performance, as well as a reduction in plantar overload on the rearfoot after the intervention protocol when compared to the initial assessment and control, with a moderate to high effect size. In relation to the control group, there were no significant differences after intervention in physical-functional performance, but there was a reduction in the loading rate on the rearfoot.
Conclusion
A ten-week treadmill gait retraining program using real-time visual biofeedback was effective in reducing pain and plantar pressure on the rearfoot, favoring an increase in the functionality of the feet and lower limbs of runners with plantar fasciitis.
Trial registration number: RBR-5m6msq7
The palliative care needs of women receiving palliative chemotherapy for breast cancer in an academic hospital in the Volta Region of Ghana
Authors: Gbande Sulleh , Maree Johanna Elizabeth , Obiora Oluchukwu Loveth
Published: January 2025

Background
Cancer is a major public health concern worldwide, with breast cancer affecting approximately 2.3 million women and contributing to (6.9%) cancer-related deaths in 2020. In Africa, breast cancer accounts for 27.7% of all cancer diagnoses, with Sub-Saharan Africa having one of the highest mortality rates. In Ghana, breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women, with 60% presenting at advanced stages. Late presentation often necessitates palliative chemotherapy, which has significant physical, psychosocial, spiritual and financial burdens. Despite these challenges, no study has investigated the palliative care needs of women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer in Ghana. The aim of this study therefore is to describe the palliative care needs of women receiving palliative chemotherapy for breast cancer treated at an academic hospital in the Volta Region of Ghana.
Methods
A qualitative descriptive design was used, twenty-four women aged 18 years and above were purposively selected. The participants provided demographic information and took part in individual, in-depth, face-to-face semi-structured interviews asking one opening question. The data were analyzed using content analyses and an inductive approach.
Results
The participant’s ages ranged between 39 to 79 years with a median age of 54.5. The majority were married (22 of 24), had a university education (21 of 24) and belonged to the Ewe tribe (20 of 24). Five needs were identified; the need for symptom management, professional informational support, psychosocial support, spiritual support, and socio-economic support.
Conclusion
The women’s palliative care needs exceeded the physical and included the need for accurate information from health care professionals that would enable them to make informed health care decisions. They also needed money to pay for their treatment, prayers and pain management. It therefore recommended that a tailored palliative care programme be developed to support women diagnosed with breast cancer receiving palliative chemotherapy.
Practical Pose Estimation Method for Industrial X-ray Radiography Based on Deep Learning and Local Template Matching
Authors: Ou Dongsheng , Xiao Yongshun
Published: January 2025

With the increasing integration of industrial products, critical components are often enclosed within shells, making it difficult to measure their actual positions during assembly using contact measurement techniques. This often results in substandard product quality. X-ray imaging offers a non-destructive solution for inspecting internal structures and accurately positioning internal components. However, traditional pose estimation methods based on X-ray imaging rely on projection optimization, which is time-consuming and cannot meet the timely feedback requirements of assembly processes. In this work, we propose a pose estimation method for industrial X-ray radiography that combines neural networks for initial pose estimation with local template matching for pose refinement. This approach achieves high accuracy and efficiency in positioning internal targets. We conducted real X-ray imaging experiments on several objects, including a terahertz anode tube model. The mean alignment error was approximately 0.2 mm, which is lower than the spatial resolution (about 0.25 mm) of the CT images constructed from the same X-ray projections. The running time for pose estimation of a single object was about 10 seconds, significantly faster than conventional methods that take several minutes, making it suitable for timely feedback in industrial assembly processes.