bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soft Transducer for Patient’s Vitals Telemonitoring with Deep Learning-Based Personalized Anomaly Detection
Authors: Arpaia Pasquale , Crauso Federica , De Benedetto Egidio , Duraccio Luigi , Improta Giovanni , Serino Francesco
Published: January 2022

This work addresses the design, development and implementation of a 4.0-based wearable soft transducer for patient-centered vitals telemonitoring. In particular, first, the soft transducer measures hypertension-related vitals (heart rate, oxygen saturation and systolic/diastolic pressure) and sends the data to a remote database (which can be easily consulted both by the patient and the physician). In addition to this, a dedicated deep learning algorithm, based on a Long-Short-Term-Memory Autoencoder, was designed, implemented and tested for providing an alert when the patient’s vitals exceed certain thresholds, which are automatically personalized for the specific patient. Furthermore, a mobile application (EcO2u) was developed to manage the entire data flow and facilitate the data fruition; this application also implements an innovative face-detection algorithm that ensures the identity of the patient. The robustness of the proposed soft transducer was validated experimentally on five individuals, who used the system for 30 days. The experimental results demonstrated an accuracy in anomaly detection greater than 93%, with a true positive rate of more than 94%.
Strict-Feedback Backstepping Digital Twin and Machine Learning Solution in AE Signals for Bearing Crack Identification
Authors: Piltan Farzin , Toma Rafia Nishat , Shon Dongkoo , Im Kichang , Choi Hyun-Kyun , Yoo Dae-Seung , Kim Jong-Myon
Published: January 2022

Bearings are nonlinear systems that can be used in several industrial applications. In this study, the combination of a strict-feedback backstepping digital twin and machine learning algorithm was developed for bearing crack type/size diagnosis. Acoustic emission sensors were used to collect normal and abnormal data for various crack sizes and motor speeds. The proposed method has three main steps. In the first step, the strict-feedback backstepping digital twin is designed for acoustic emission signal modeling and estimation. After that, the acoustic emission residual signal is generated. Finally, a support vector machine is recommended for crack type/size classification. The proposed digital twin is presented in two steps, (a) AE signal modeling and (b) AE signal estimation. The AE signal in normal conditions is modeled using an autoregressive technique, the Laguerre algorithm, a support vector regression technique and a Gaussian process regression procedure. To design the proposed digital twin, a strict-feedback backstepping observer, an integral term, a support vector regression and a fuzzy logic algorithm are suggested for AE signal estimation. The Ulsan Industrial Artificial Intelligence (UIAI) Lab’s bearing dataset was used to test the efficiency of the combined strict-feedback backstepping digital twin and machine learning technique for bearing crack type/size diagnosis. The average accuracies of the crack type diagnosis and crack size diagnosis of acoustic emission signals for the bearings used in the proposed algorithm were 97.13% and 96.9%, respectively.
Design, Calibration, and Application of a Robust, Cost-Effective, and High-Resolution Lensless Holographic Microscope
Authors: Picazo-Bueno Jose Angel , Trindade Karina , Sanz Martin , Micó Vicente
Published: January 2022

Lensless holographic microscope (LHM) is an emerging very promising technology that provides high-quality imaging and analysis of biological samples without utilizing any lens for imaging. Due to its small size and reduced price, LHM can be a very useful tool for the point-of-care diagnosis of diseases, sperm assessment, or microfluidics, among others, not only employed in advanced laboratories but also in poor and/or remote areas. Recently, several LHMs have been reported in the literature. However, complete characterization of their optical parameters remains not much presented yet. Hence, we present a complete analysis of the performance of a compact, reduced cost, and high-resolution LHM. In particular, optical parameters such as lateral and axial resolutions, lateral magnification, and field of view are discussed into detail, comparing the experimental results with the expected theoretical values for different layout configurations. We use high-resolution amplitude and phase test targets and several microbeads to characterize the proposed microscope. This characterization is used to define a balanced and matched setup showing a good compromise between the involved parameters. Finally, such a microscope is utilized for visualization of static, as well as dynamic biosamples.
Patients’ Self-Report and Handwriting Performance Features as Indicators for Suspected Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Rosenblum Sara , Meyer Sonya , Richardson Ariella , Hassin-Baer Sharon
Published: January 2022

Early identification of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients can lessen emotional and physical complications. In this study, a cognitive functional (CF) feature using cognitive and daily living items of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale served to define PD patients as suspected or not for MCI. The study aimed to compare objective handwriting performance measures with the perceived general functional abilities (PGF) of both groups, analyze correlations between handwriting performance measures and PGF for each group, and find out whether participants’ general functional abilities, depression levels, and digitized handwriting measures predicted this CF feature. Seventy-eight participants diagnosed with PD by a neurologist (25 suspected for MCI based on the CF feature) completed the PGF as part of the Daily Living Questionnaire and wrote on a digitizer-affixed paper in the Computerized Penmanship Handwriting Evaluation Test. Results indicated significant group differences in PGF scores and handwriting stroke width, and significant medium correlations between PGF score, pen-stroke width, and the CF feature. Regression analyses indicated that PGF scores and mean stroke width accounted for 28% of the CF feature variance above age. Nuances of perceived daily functional abilities validated by objective measures may contribute to the early identification of suspected PD-MCI.
A Systematic Review of Wearable Sensors for Monitoring Physical Activity
Authors: Kristoffersson Annica , Lindén Maria
Published: January 2022

This article reviews the use of wearable sensors for the monitoring of physical activity (PA) for different purposes, including assessment of gait and balance, prevention and/or detection of falls, recognition of various PAs, conduction and assessment of rehabilitation exercises and monitoring of neurological disease progression. The article provides in-depth information on the retrieved articles and discusses study shortcomings related to demographic factors, i.e., age, gender, healthy participants vs patients, and study conditions. It is well known that motion patterns change with age and the onset of illnesses, and that the risk of falling increases with age. Yet, studies including older persons are rare. Gender distribution was not even provided in several studies, and others included only, or a majority of, men. Another shortcoming is that none of the studies were conducted in real-life conditions. Hence, there is still important work to be done in order to increase the usefulness of wearable sensors in these areas. The article highlights flaws in how studies based on previously collected datasets report on study samples and the data collected, which makes the validity and generalizability of those studies low. Exceptions exist, such as the promising recently reported open dataset FallAllD, wherein a longitudinal study with older adults is ongoing.
Bangla Sign Language (BdSL) Alphabets and Numerals Classification Using a Deep Learning Model
Authors: Podder Kanchon Kanti , Chowdhury Muhammad E. H. , Tahir Anas M. , Mahbub Zaid Bin , Khandakar Amith , Hossain Md Shafayet , Kadir Muhammad Abdul
Published: January 2022

A real-time Bangla Sign Language interpreter can enable more than 200 k hearing and speech-impaired people to the mainstream workforce in Bangladesh. Bangla Sign Language (BdSL) recognition and detection is a challenging topic in computer vision and deep learning research because sign language recognition accuracy may vary on the skin tone, hand orientation, and background. This research has used deep machine learning models for accurate and reliable BdSL Alphabets and Numerals using two well-suited and robust datasets. The dataset prepared in this study comprises of the largest image database for BdSL Alphabets and Numerals in order to reduce inter-class similarity while dealing with diverse image data, which comprises various backgrounds and skin tones. The papers compared classification with and without background images to determine the best working model for BdSL Alphabets and Numerals interpretation. The CNN model trained with the images that had a background was found to be more effective than without background. The hand detection portion in the segmentation approach must be more accurate in the hand detection process to boost the overall accuracy in the sign recognition. It was found that ResNet18 performed best with 99.99% accuracy, precision, F1 score, sensitivity, and 100% specificity, which outperforms the works in the literature for BdSL Alphabets and Numerals recognition. This dataset is made publicly available for researchers to support and encourage further research on Bangla Sign Language Interpretation so that the hearing and speech-impaired individuals can benefit from this research.
Distributed Authentication Model for Secure Network Connectivity in Network Separation Technology
Authors: Park Na-Eun , Park So-Hyun , Oh Ye-Sol , Moon Jung-Hyun , Lee Il-Gu
Published: January 2022

Considering the increasing scale and severity of damage from recent cybersecurity incidents, the need for fundamental solutions to external security threats has increased. Hence, network separation technology has been designed to stop the leakage of information by separating business computing networks from the Internet. However, security accidents have been continuously occurring, owing to the degradation of data transmission latency performance between the networks, decreasing the convenience and usability of the work environment. In a conventional centralized network connection concept, a problem occurs because if either usability or security is strengthened, the other is weakened. In this study, we proposed a distributed authentication mechanism for secure network connectivity (DAM4SNC) technology in a distributed network environment that requires security and latency performance simultaneously to overcome the trade-off limitations of existing technology. By communicating with separated networks based on the authentication between distributed nodes, the inefficiency of conventional centralized network connection solutions is overcome. Moreover, the security is enhanced through periodic authentication of the distributed nodes and differentiation of the certification levels. As a result of the experiment, the relative efficiency of the proposed scheme (REP) was about 420% or more in all cases.
Introduction to the Special Issue: Far from Colorblind. Reflections on Racialization in Contemporary Europe
Authors: Hellgren Zenia , Bereményi Bálint Ábel
Published: January 2022

European history is to a significant extent also a history about racialization and racism. Since the colonizers of past centuries defined boundaries between “civilized” and “savages” by applying value standards in which the notions of race, ethnicity, culture, and religion were interwoven and imposed on human beings perceived as fundamentally different from themselves, racialization became deeply inherent in how (white) Europeans viewed the world, themselves, and others. In this Special Issue, we assume that colonialist racialization constitutes the base of a persistent and often unreflective and indirect racism. Implicit value systems according to which white people are automatically considered as more competent, more desirable, preferable in general terms, and more “European” translate into patterns of everyday racism affecting the self-image and life chances of white and non-white Europeans. In this introductory article, which defines the conceptual framework for the special issue, we contest the idea of a “post-racial” condition and discuss the consequences of ethno-racial differentiation and stigmatization for racialized groups such as Black Europeans, European Roma, and non-white migrants in general. Finally, we argue for the need to further problematize and critically examine whiteness.
Leonardites Rich in Humic and Fulvic Acids Had Little Effect on Tissue Elemental Composition and Dry Matter Yield in Pot-Grown Olive Cuttings
Authors: Arrobas Margarida , de Almeida Surian Fernanda , Raimundo Soraia , da Silva Domingues Lucas , Rodrigues Manuel Ângelo
Published: January 2022

The use of humic substances in agriculture has increased in recent years, and leonardite has been an important raw material in the manufacture of commercial products rich in humic and fulvic acids. Leonardite-based products have been used to improve soil properties and to help plants cope with abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, the effects of two commercial leonardites and an organic compost, in addition to a control treatment, were assessed for pot-grown olive plants over a period of fourteen months on soil properties, tissue elemental composition and dry matter yield (DMY). Three organic amendments were applied at single and double rates of that set by the manufacturer. The study was arranged in two experiments: one containing the seven treatments mentioned above and the other containing the same treatments supplemented with mineral nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilization. Overall, organic compost increased soil organic carbon by ~8% over the control. In the experiment without NPK supplementation, N concentrations in shoots and P in roots were the highest for the compost application (leaf N 12% and root P 32% higher than in the control), while in the experiment with NPK supplementation, no significant differences were observed between treatments. Total DMY was ~10% higher in the set of treatments with NPK in comparison to treatments without NPK. Leonardites did not affect significantly any measured variables in comparison to the control. In this study, a good management of the majority of environmental variables affecting plant growth may have reduced the possibility of obtaining a positive effect on plant nutritional status and growth from the use of commercial leonardites. The leonardites seemed to have caused a slight effect on biological N immobilization. This is not necessarily an advantage or a drawback; it is rather a feature that must be understood to help farmers make better use of these products.
Micronutrients in Food Production: What Can We Learn from Natural Ecosystems?
Authors: Denton-Thompson Sarah M. , Sayer Emma J.
Published: January 2022

Soil micronutrients limit crop productivity in many regions worldwide, and micronutrient deficiencies affect over two billion people globally. Microbial biofertilizers could combat these issues by inoculating arable soils with microorganisms that mobilize micronutrients, increasing their availability to crop plants in an environmentally sustainable and cost-effective manner. However, the widespread application of biofertilizers is limited by complex micronutrient–microbe–plant interactions, which reduce their effectiveness under field conditions. Here, we review the current state of seven micronutrients in food production. We examine the mechanisms underpinning microbial micronutrient mobilization in natural ecosystems and synthesize the state-of-knowledge to improve our overall understanding of biofertilizers in food crop production. We demonstrate that, although soil micronutrient concentrations are strongly influenced by soil conditions, land management practices can also substantially affect micronutrient availability and uptake by plants. The effectiveness of biofertilizers varies, but several lines of evidence indicate substantial benefits in co-applying biofertilizers with conventional inorganic or organic fertilizers. Studies of micronutrient cycling in natural ecosystems provide examples of microbial taxa capable of mobilizing multiple micronutrients whilst withstanding harsh environmental conditions. Research into the mechanisms of microbial nutrient mobilization in natural ecosystems could, therefore, yield effective biofertilizers to improve crop nutrition under global changes.
Design and Performance Analysis of Hybrid Battery and Ultracapacitor Energy Storage System for Electrical Vehicle Active Power Management
Authors: Kachhwaha Aditya , Rashed Ghamgeen Izat , Garg Akhil Ranjan , Mahela Om Prakash , Khan Baseem , Shafik Muhammed Badeaa , Hussien Mohamed G.
Published: January 2022

The electrical energy storage system faces numerous obstacles as green energy usage rises. The demand for electric vehicles (EVs) is growing in tandem with the technological advance of EV range on a single charge. To tackle the low-range EV problem, an effective electrical energy storage device is necessary. Traditionally, electric vehicles have been powered by a single source of power, which is insufficient to handle the EV’s dynamic demand. As a result, a unique storage medium is necessary to meet the EV load characteristics of high-energy density and high-power density. This EV storage system is made up of two complementing sources: chemical batteries and ultracapacitors/supercapacitors. The benefits of using ultracapacitors in a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) to meet the low-power electric car dynamic load are explored in this study. In this paper, a HESS technique for regulating the active power of low-powered EV simulations was tested in a MATLAB/Simulink environment with various dynamic loading situations. The feature of this design, as noted from the simulation results, is that it efficiently regulates the DC link voltage of an EV with a hybrid source while putting minimal load stress on the battery, resulting in longer battery life, lower costs, and increased vehicle range.
Application of Corn Straw and Woody Peat to Improve the Absorption and Utilization of 15N-Urea by Maize
Authors: Lin Chenming , Dou Sen , El-Rahim Mahmoud Gamal Mohamed Abd , Liu Xin , Wu Dong , Ma Rui , Zhang Yifeng , Yin Xianbao , Tan Cen , Xie Shuai
Published: January 2022

Increasing nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency has become an environmental and economic demand in order to minimize losses of nitrogen and maximize the output from nitrogen added. The application of organic amendments with N fertilizers could be proposed as an important economic and environmental practice for improving N fertilizer use. A two-year field experiment was carried out using the 15N tracer technique to study the impact of corn straw and woody peat application on uptake and utilization of N fertilizer by maize plant. Three treatments were set up: CK (15N labeled urea alone), CS (15N labeled urea + crushed corn straw) and WP (15N labeled urea+ crushed woody peat). The results showed that, as compared to CK, both straw and peat treatments led to (i) an increase in yield of maize, 15N urea utilization rate, and residual 15N urea remained in soil by 11.20% and 19.47%, 18.62% and 58.99%, 41.77% and 59.45%, respectively, but (ii) a decrease in the total loss rate by 6.21% and 16.83% (p < 0.05), respectively over the two seasons. Moreover, the significantly highest effect was recorded with woody peat application rather than that with corn straw. Our study suggests that corn straw and woody peat can be used as organic fertilizers to increase maize yields, promote nitrogen fertilizer balance sheet, reduce the leaching of N fertilizer into the subsurface soil layer, and facilitate the further absorption and utilization of soil residual nitrogen. Therefore, the application of humified organic material play a crucial role in N utilization efficiency enhancement.
Falling Apart and Coming Together: How Public Perceptions of Leadership Change in Response to Natural Disasters vs. Health Crises
Authors: Wheeler Melissa A. , Bednall Timothy , Demsar Vlad , Wilson Samuel G.
Published: January 2022

Responding to disruptions and crises are challenges public leaders face as they strive to lead responsibly for the good of the community. The last two years have been especially challenging for public leaders and institutions. In Australia, the federal government battled natural disasters (bushfires) and COVID-19 within the span of only a few months, beginning in late 2019. These events provided the opportunity for a natural experiment to explore public perceptions of leadership in times of crises, with both a natural disaster and health crisis in quick succession. In this study, we develop, validate, and test a scale of perceptions of leadership for the greater good, the Australian Leadership Index, throughout different crisis contexts. We hypothesize and find support for the drivers of perceptions of public leadership and shifts in these perceptions as a function of the bushfire disaster response, a negative shift, and the initial COVID-19 response, a positive shift. Comparisons of the crisis periods against a period of relative stability are made. We discuss the implications of differential media coverage, how the crises were managed, and the resulting public perceptions of leadership for the greater good.
Evolution of Overall Cotton Production and Its Determinants: Implications for Developing Countries Using Pakistan Case
Authors: Arshad Muhammad Umer , Zhao Yuanfeng , Hanif Omer , Fatima Faiza
Published: January 2022

Managing the declining yield of non-food crops has opened new strategic challenges amidst global uncertainties. The COVID-19 scenario has increased awareness of natural lifestyle and eco-friendly products, largely dependent on non-food crop material. This strategic shift requires moving beyond traditional farm practices to improve agricultural production efficiency, and developing countries in particular have shown a consistent loss in their self-sufficiency of industrial crops despite being major exporters of non-food crop materials. However, existing studies analyze production efficiencies of non-food crops from general or theoretical aspects often by virtual estimates from breaking down the multiple factors of crop productivity. This study examined multiple factors of crop production to identify “which crop inputs have been inefficiently used overtime” by tracking efficiency changes and various input issues in overall cotton production from practical aspects, i.e., scaling non-constant returns of those multiple factors would allow for the violation of various situations. Accordingly, a stochastic frontier approach was employed to measure the production frontier and efficiency relationship using time-series data of Pakistan’s cotton production from 1971–2018—a specific non-food crop perspective from a top-ranked cotton-producing country that has recently been shifted towards being a non-exporter of cotton due to low yield. The coefficient of area, seed, and labor indicates the positive relationship with cotton production, while fertilizer, irrigation, electricity, and machinery are statistically negative. This implies that policymakers need priority-based strategies for the judicial use of synthetic fertilizers, irrigation, a subsidy policy, and technology adoption, which could significantly improve the efficiencies of cotton productivity from the same land resources. Being adaptable to other developing economies, the analysis would strategically facilitate designing and developing affordable technology-driven solutions and their customized extensions towards sustainable non-food crop production practices and Agri-Resources efficiencies.
An Insight into Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass by Optimization with the Combination of Hydrothermal (HT) and Biological Techniques: A Review
Authors: Dutta Nalok , Usman Muhammad , Luo Gang , Zhang Shicheng
Published: January 2022

Biomass valorization plays a significant role in the production of biofuels and various value-added biochemicals, in addition to lowering greenhouse gas emissions. In terms of biorefining methods, hydrothermal (HT) and biological techniques have demonstrated the capability of valorizing biomass raw materials to yield value added end-products. An inter-disciplinary bio-economical approach is capable of optimizing biomass’s total potential in terms of environmental perspective and circular bioeconomy standpoint. The aim of this review is to provide an in-depth overview of combinatorial HT and biological techniques to maximize biomass value, which includes biological valorization following HT pretreatment and HT valorization of lignocellulosic substrates emanating from biocatalytic hydrolysis/anaerobic digestion and/or pretreated food waste for the ultimate yield of biogas/biochar and biocrude. In this study, we discuss recent advances regarding HT and biological treatment conditions, synergies between the two technologies, and optimal performance. Additionally, energy balances and economic feasibility assessments of alternative integrated solutions reported in previous studies are compared. Furthermore, we conclude by discussing the challenges and opportunities involved in integrating HT and biologicals methods toward complete biomass utilization.
Bleb-Independent Glaucoma Surgery to Activate the Uveolymphatic Route of Non-Trabecular Aqueous Humor Outflow: Short-Term Clinical and OCT Results
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Abu Zaalan Kamal Abdulmuhsen , Bezzabotnov Andrey Igorevich , Dushina Galina Nikolaevna , Shradqa Ahmad Saleh Soliman , Rustamova Zarina Shaykuliyevna , Frolov Mikhail Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2022

The deep sclerectomy technique was modified to enhance aqueous humor (AH) outflow via the non-trabecular pathway. A pilot study was carried out to assess its safety and effectiveness. Thirty-eight patients were under observation. After superficial scleral flap (4 × 4 mm), deep scleral layers were divided into three parts by three parallel-to-limbus incisions. Deep sclerectomy without creating a window in the Descemetes’ membrane was carried out in the distal part. A collagen implant was placed under the sclera of the remaining two parts with one end in the intrascleral pool. The third proximal part was excised to expose the uvea and implant. A Nd:YAG laser trabeculotomy at the surgery site was made on postoperative days 7–10. Outcome measures were IOP change, use of hypotensive medication(s), complications, and the need for a second surgery. At six months, the mean IOP decreased from 29.1 ± 9.2 mm Hg to 14.0 ± 4.3 mm Hg (p = 1.4 × 10−9); hypotensive medication use reduced from 2.9 ± 0.9 to 0.6 ± 1.0 (p = 1.3 × 10−10); complete success was achieved in 68.4% of cases and partial success was achieved in 31.6% of cases. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were rare and manageable. The OCT of the surgery site revealed the absence of bleb in all cases. Lymphatic vessels with characteristic bicuspid valves in their lumen were detected in conjunctiva near the operation site and over it in 32 patients. IOP decrease in the proposed technique was achieved by activation of the uveolymphatic route of AH outflow.
Use of fallow lands to create new farm (peasant) farms
Authors: Vokhmyakov K. K. , Romanov I. V.
Published: January 2022

The organizational mechanism of the implementation of the Subprogram "Support of small forms of management" is proposed due to the development of fallow lands and the creation of cooperatives on these lands from newly created farms (peasant) farms.
Technology and organization of storage of combine harvesters
Authors: Morozova N. M.
Published: January 2022

During long-term storage, climatic and atmospheric factors affect the agricultural machine, which cause changes in the physical and chemical properties of structural materials, technical fluids, lubricants. Therefore, the development of technical and organizational measures related to improving the storage efficiency of combine harvesters is an urgent scientific task that the leading scientific institutes of the country are engaged in.
The influence of rectangular shape holes on energy intensity of grinding grain
Authors: Cherepkov A. V , Konoshin I. V.
Published: January 2022

Grain before feeding to animals exposed to grinding with the purpose of increasing its digestibility. As a result of this increases the area of interaction of the feed with the gastric juice and decreases the conversion coefficient. Surface theory formulated by German scientist Rittinger, suggests that the work of AR required for the grinding process is directly proportional to newly formed surface. The purpose of this paper is a theoretical evaluation of the intensity of grinding with the use of sieves with rectangular and circular shape holes. When getting groats with the same grinding module by the use of sieves with holes of rectangular shape, one should expect the decrease of specific energy intensity. By reducing the content of dust-like fractions and reduce the total surface feed should be expected to reduce the energy intensity of pneumo transportation.
Problems and possible solutions repa
Authors: Kovalev L. I. , Kovalev I. L.
Published: January 2022

The article briefly shows the main ways and directions in improving repair and servicing base of livestock farms and complexes, as well as the direction in terms of improving the technology and equipment in the repair and service industries in the livestock industry in the Republic of Belarus.
Resident and early-career family physicians’ focused practice choices in Canada: a qualitative study
Authors: Kabir Monisha , Randall Ellen , Mitra Goldis , Lavergne M Ruth , Scott Ian , Snadden David , Jones Lori , Goldsmith Laurie J , Marshall Emily G , Grudniewicz Agnes
Published: January 2022

Background

Focused practice within family medicine may be increasing globally, but there is limited research on the factors contributing to decisions to focus practice.

Aim

To examine the factors influencing resident and early-career family physician choices of focused practice across three Canadian provinces.

Design and setting

A subset of qualitative interview data were analysed from a study across British Columbia, Ontario, and Nova Scotia, Canada.

Method

Included in the analysis were a total of 22 resident family physicians and 38 early-career family physicians in their first 10 years of practice who intend to or currently practise in a focused area. Comparisons were made for participant types, provinces, and the degree of focused practice, while identifying themes related to factors influencing the pursuit of focused practice.

Results

Three key themes were identified of factors contributing to choices of focused practice: self-preservation within the current structure of the healthcare system; support from colleagues; and training experiences in medical school and/or residency. Minor themes included: alignment of practice with skills, personal values, or ability to derive professional satisfaction; personal lived experiences; and having many attractive opportunities for focused practice.

Conclusion

Both groups of participants unanimously viewed focused practice as a way to circumvent the burnout or exhaustion they associated with comprehensive practice in the current structure of the healthcare system. This finding, in addition to other influential factors, was consistent across the three provinces. More research is needed to understand the implications of resident and early-career family physician choices of focused practice within the physician workforce.
Pengaruh Model Menu Pendampingan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Anak Usia Stunting di Desa Cinta Raja Kecamatan Langsa Timur Tahun 2020
Authors: Malinda Risnati , Azhar Azhar
Published: January 2022

Children are the nation's assets in the future. It can be imagined, how would the condition of Indonesia's human resources be in the future if many Indonesian children are currently suffering from stunting. The incidence of short children or commonly known as stunting is one of the nutritional problems experienced by toddlers in the world today. In 2017 22.2% or around 150.8 million children under five in the world were stunted. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the mentoring menu model on the growth and development of stunting children in Cinta Raja Village, East Langsa District. This type of research used in this research is quasi-experimental research (quasi experiment) with a pretest posttest design non equivalent control group design. In this study the researchers compared the two research groups with the number of respondents 34 children aged 24-60 months. There is a significant effect of menu assistance on the increase in the height of stunting of children under five in Cinta Raja Village, Langsa Timur District, Langsa City. there is a correlation between the increase in height before being given menu assistance (pretest) and after being given menu assistance (post test). It can be concluded that the increase in Height in the stunting and normal under-five group is significant. It is hoped that families who have children under five are able to provide a balanced nutrition family diet as long as the child is in a period of growth and development so as to prevent stunting.
Efektivitas Metode 5 S terhadap Respon Nyeri pada Bayi Usia 2-6 Bulan saat Imunisasi Pentavalen
Authors: Pasaribu Dewi Astuti , Sebayang Septian Mixrova
Published: January 2022

Pentavalent immunization is an immunization developed from a combination of vaccines so that there are eight antigens that can be given to children, namely Hepatitis B, BCG, Oral Polio, Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Hib and Measles. The act of immunization can cause pain in babies, so that the baby becomes fussy. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the 5 S Method (Swaddling, Side / Stomach Position, Shushing, Swinging, Sucking) on Pain Response in Infants aged 2-6 Months during Immunization. Pentavalent. The design of this research is experimental research with the design of Post Test Only Control Group Design. The total sample in this study was 36 babies. This research was conducted at Puskesmas Bestari, Medan. Sampling using consecutive sampling. Collecting data using a FLACC scale questionnaire. Data analysis using paired t-test. The results showed that the effect of the 5S method on the pain response of infants aged 2-6 months during pentavalent immunization was shown by the statistical t-test with p = 0.007 and significantly reduced the pain response of infants at 15 seconds, second. 30, 45 seconds, and can reduce the length of crying babies after injection of pentavalent immunization. The results of this study are expected that nurses can use the 5 S method in relieving the pain response and the duration of crying in infants during immunization or when inserting sharp objects into the baby's body.
Hubungan Fatigue dengan Kejadian Excessive Daytime Sleepiness pada Perawat
Authors: Sebayang Septian Mixrova , Pasaribu Dewi Astuti
Published: January 2022

Nurses hold an important responsibility for maintaining patients’safety. It has been known that fatigue and sleepiness may result in errors with negative consequences for patient safety. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness among nurses. This research design is descriptive correlation. The total sample in this study was 36 nurses. This research was conducted at the Special Eye Hospital Medan. Sampling using purposive sampling. Data collection using the Three-Dimensional Work Fatigue Inventory (3D-WFI) and The Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Data analysis using the Chi-Square test. The results of this study indicate that the majority of nurses experience tired fatigue as many as 22 respondents (61.1%) compared to 14 respondents (38.9%) not tired. Chi Square test showed an association between fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in nurses (P = 0.000 <α 0.05). This study recommends nurses to optimize the work hours of nurses to overcome daytime sleepiness, and for nurses to maintain conditions in order to avoid excessive sleepiness which can cause adverse event.
Pengembangan Sistem Penyediaan Air Bersih dengan Metode Appropriate Technology di Kelurahan Mekar Sari Kecamatan Rambutan Pemko Tebing Tinggi
Authors: Isranuri Ikhwansyah , Sitohang Nur Asnah
Published: January 2022

Planning for a clean water supply system is a community service program carried out by USU in collaboration with the Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Desa(PMD) of the Pemko Tebing Tinggi. The problem encountered is the unavailability of clean water. This condition can interfere with people's daily activities such as the need for households. The clean water supply system that is implemented is the application of appropriate technology in the sense that it is easy to operate and all components are easy to care for by the public. The purpose of this activity is to provide clean water that meets health requirements, namely colorless, tasteless and odorless. This system is also planned to provide clean water for the next few years. The projection of population growth is also a consideration, which is calculated based on the average population growth data. Based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), the need for clean water for a population with a population of 300 households with the household category is 120 liters per person per day, so the water requirement is 1.67 liters/second. The source of water is obtained by digging 15 meters deep by installing 15 concrete rings with a diameter of 80 cm and a height of 100 cm. Then a pump is installed to suck water and then it is pumped into a poly tank (capacity 2100 liters) storage tank which is located at a height of 5-6 meters. Before flowing from the tank  to the pipe, the water is filtered using a filter. For this purpose, a piping installation complete with a valve and a float is designed to automatically close the pipe when the tank is full. The result of water from this system is clean water and suitable for consumption by residents.
Teknik Assertiveness Training dalam Penurunan Perilaku Kekerasan pada Pasien Skizoprenia di RS. Jiwa Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ildrem Medan
Authors: Purwaningsih Purwaningsih , Khairani Ade Irma , Lubis Tio Elisa Marlina
Published: January 2022

Violent behavior is a form of aggressive or violent behavior that is shown verbally, physically or both to an object, other person or self that leads to the potential to be destructive or actively causes pain, danger and suffering. Assertiveness training is the application of behavioral training with the aim of assisting individuals in developing direct ways of relating in interpersonal situations. The increasing number of schizophrenic mental patients with violent behavior will have an impact on families and communities in the form of an economic burden and a decreased quality of life in carrying out daily activities. Qualitative research with assertiveness training technique is carried out as an application of behavioral training with the aim of helping individuals develop ways of direct contact in interpersonal situations. Based on the stages of applying assertive training techniques through group guidance, it shows that there is an increase in the patient's ability to express every problem he is facing. So it can be concluded that the implementation of assertive training techniques in revealing real patient problems through group activity guidance in hospitals. Hospital of Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ildrem Medan there have been developments and improvements.Violent behavior is a form of aggressive or violent behavior that is shown verbally, physically or both to an object, other person or self that leads to the potential to be destructive or actively causes pain, danger and suffering. Assertiveness training is the application of behavioral training with the aim of assisting individuals in developing direct ways of relating in interpersonal situations. The increasing number of schizophrenic mental patients with violent behavior will have an impact on families and communities in the form of an economic burden and a decreased quality of life in carrying out daily activities. Qualitative research with assertiveness training technique is carried out as an application of behavioral training with the aim of helping individuals develop ways of direct contact in interpersonal situations. Based on the stages of applying assertive training techniques through group guidance, it shows that there is an increase in the patient's ability to express every problem he is facing. So it can be concluded that the implementation of assertive training techniques in revealing real patient problems through group activity guidance in hospitals. Hospital of Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ildrem Medan there have been developments and improvements.
Pengaruh Metode Mc Kenzie Exercise dan Core Stability Exercise terhadap Penurunan Nyeri pada Penderita Hernia Nucleus Pulposus
Authors: Tantangan Redi , Bintang Siti Sarah , Ginting Samuel
Published: January 2022

Hernia Nucleus Pulposus (HNP) is one of the causes of lower back pain due to heavy mechanical loads for a long time. HNP if not treated immediately it can cause fluid buildup and swelling that can cause permanent nerve damage. This study is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design with a control group divided into 3 groups. The sampling technique was using probability sampling method as many as 30 respondents who visited Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital. The results of the statistical test showed that there was an effect of McKenzie and Core Stability Exercise on reducing pain in patients with HNP with a p value of 0.020 <0.05.
Pengaruh Metode Kangguru terhadap Penurunan Suhu Tubuh, Frekuensi Menyusu dan Durasi Tidur Bayi
Authors: Ritonga Nikmah Jalilah , Sitorus Riris , Pulungan Susi Andriany
Published: January 2022

Immunizations sometimes have side effects once they are given to babies. DPT immunization is one that has a low-grade fever side effect and sometimes results in high fever and seizures. One of the efforts to treat fever in infants is the kangaroo method. Through this method, heat transfer occurs between mother and baby, increasing the frequency of breastfeeding which can meet the fluid needs of the feverish baby and facilitate the baby in increasing the duration of quiet sleep, less crying and less activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the kangaroo method on decreasing body temperature, feeding frequency and infant sleep duration. Sampling using Porbability Sampling with Simple Random Sampling technique, totaling 30 people and divided into 2 groups of 15 people each, namely the experimental and control groups. The results of the analysis are based on several assumptions of One way MANOVA, namely there is linearity between variables, the data is normally distributed, multicollinearity is not detected and the covariance matrix between groups is assumed to be the same as the Box'M value p = 0.006 > 0.001. The results of the multivariate test showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups with a value of F (3.26) = 49.334, p< 0.001; Wilk’s ʌ 0.149, ƞp2 = 0.851, then the univariate results showed that group differences caused significant differences in body temperature, feeding frequency and sleep duration with p < 0.001. The results of the bonferroni correction further test showed that the average decrease in body temperature, feeding frequency and duration of infant sleep in the experimental group was better than the control group with p < 0.001. This study proves that the kangaroo method has an effect on decreasing body temperature, breastfeeding frequency and infant sleep duration after DPT immunization.
Pengaruh Hypnopressure terhadap Produksi Air Susu Ibu (ASI) dan Kepercayaan Diri Menyusui
Authors: Anuhgera Diah Evawanna , Sembiring Elsaria
Published: January 2022

Breastfeeding is an obligation that must be given to babies during their growth period. Consistent breast milk production and confidence to breastfeed are very necessary for the success of exclusive breastfeeding. Hypnopressure is one method that can increaseand maintain breastmilk production and breastfeeding confidence. The purpose of this project is to analyze the effect of hypnopressure on breast milk production and breastfeeding confidence. This study uses Quasy Eksperimental with Pretest dan Posttest Controlled Group Design. There were 28 postpartum mothers who were divided into two groups and taken with simple random sampling. Production of breast milk was measured by electric breast pump and breastfeeding sel efficacy was measured Breastfeeding Self Efficacy Scale (BSES). Data were analyzed using paired and unpaired t-test. Primary outcomes of this study will be effect of the intervention on breastmilk production and breastfeeding confidence. We conclude that hypnopressure could improve breastmilk production (p=0.00) and breasfeeding confidence (p=0.00) and breastfeeding confidence (p=0.00). Result of this greater understanding about increase breast milk production and confidence which influence the success of breastfeeding by hypnopressure then be useful targets for  midwife intervention in post partum.
Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Anak Jalanan tentang Dismenore Primer dan Senam Dismenore di Komunitas Peduli Anak Jalanan Medan
Authors: Sitohang Nur Asnah , Nasution Diah Lestari
Published: January 2022

Primary dysmenorrhea is defined as cramping pain in the lower abdomen that occurs at the start of menstruation in the absence of identifiable pelvic disease. It is one of the most common gynecological symptoms among adolescents and adult women with a prevalence of 45%-95%. Overproduction of uterine prostaglandins is the most widely accepted explanation for the pathogenesis. Excessive release of prostaglandins, especially prostaglandin F2 alpha, which is derived from endometrial secretions from menstrual fluid, is believed to cause the condition. Primary dysmenorrhea has different degrees of negative impact on women's physical, psychological and social functioning, which can result in adolescent and adult women being out of school and absent from work. The purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge and attitudes of street children towards primary dysmenorrhea and dysmenorrhea exercise. The research design is descriptive. The sampling technique is total sampling. The number of samples is 45 people. The sample criteria for street children are teenage girls aged 10-18 years, unmarried, already menstruating, can read and write well. Data analysis is descriptive. The results of the study obtained that the majority of street children's knowledge of adolescents was good (53.3%), dysmenorrhea intensity was moderate pain with a score range of 4-7 (68.9%) and adolescent attitudes were negative (71.1%). Knowledge of respondents still needs to be improved to form a positive attitude. It is recommended to the head of KOPA to cooperate with health workers to conduct health education about primary dysmenorrhea on a regular basis to adolescent street children.