bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of a Fixed Combination of Glycyrrhizic Acid and Essential Phospholipids in Non-Alcoholic Fatty and Alcoholic Liver Disease: Results from Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials
Authors: Maev Igor V. , Bueverov Alexey O. , Volnukhin Artem V.
Published: January 2022

Background. Drug treatment of non-alcoholic fatty and alcoholic liver disease remains an urgent, unsolved problem. Due to the commonality of many pathogenetic mechanisms and predictors of progression, a universal approach to the search for a therapeutic agent can be considered.
Aims pooled analysis of the results of two multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of a fixed combination of glycyrrhizic acid and essential phospholipids in two dosage forms to study its efficacy and safety in non-alcoholic fatty and alcoholic liver disease, in the presence and absence of predictors of disease progression.
Methods. The pooled analysis included 180 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (Gepard study) and 120 patients with alcoholic liver disease (Jaguar study). Patients of the main group received a fixed combination of 5.0 g intravenous jet 3 times a week for the first 2 weeks; then 2 capsules 3 times a day for the next 10 weeks. Patients in the control group received placebo according to the same scheme. The total duration of treatment was 12 weeks in the Gepard study (1 course of stepwise therapy) and 24 weeks in the Jaguar study (2 courses of stepwise therapy). A comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of a fixed combination and a placebo was carried out, in the presence and absence of predictors of progression, separately for each nosology and in a mixed sample.
Results. In patients with non-alcoholic fatty and alcoholic liver disease who received the fixed combination, in contrast to the placebo group, there was a statistically more significant decrease in the level of biochemical markers of inflammation alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, adiponectin, and the value of the AktiTest index. There was no negative trend in the NAFLD fibrosis score; more significant positive dynamics of FibroTest is shown. Predictors of disease progression hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, age did not have a negative impact on the results in the study group. The efficacy of the study drug was noted in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and normal body weight; data were obtained indicating its possible effectiveness with a high activity of the inflammatory process associated with alcoholic liver damage. The frequency of adverse events in the study and control groups was comparable.
Conclusions. Based on a generalized analysis of the results of two studies, promising directions for the study and use of a fixed combination of glycyrrhizic acid and essential phospholipids were identified: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease without obesity, alcoholic steatohepatitis of high activity (as an adjuvant); steatohepatitis of non-alcoholic and alcoholic etiology, combined with hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.
Ganglion Cell Topography and Retinal Resolution in an Irrawaddy Dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris)
Authors: Mass Alla M. , Supin Alexander Ya.
Published: January 2022

The topographic distribution of retinal ganglion cells was investigated in a retinal wholemount of an Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris). Two zones of increased concentration of ganglion cells were observed—one in the temporal segment and the other in the nasal segment of the retina. The maximal cell concentration was 250 cell/mm2 in the temporal area and 194 cell/mm2 in the nasal area. Based on the posterior nodal distance of 11 mm, the resolution was evaluated as 19.8 arc min in the temporal retinal area (the frontal visual field) and 22.4 arc min in the nasal retinal area (the temporal visual field). Among retinal ganglion cells, a group of giant cells that ranged from 42 to 52 µm in diameter were observed; these cells represented 8% of the total population. The obtained data allowed us to suggest that the presence of two areas of concentrated ganglion cells is characteristic of many delphinids inhabiting both clear oceanic waters or turbid river waters, whereas low ganglion cell density is associated with optic properties of the media.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES DE LA CIENCIA EN TORNO AL DESARROLLO DE COMPETENCIAS EMOCIONALES EN DIRECTIVOS UNIVERSITARIOS
Authors: Lorenzo Yudit Orta
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo plantea como objetivo general: Fundamentar los problemas sociales de la ciencia en torno al desarrollo de competencias emocionales en directivos universitarios. En este sentido se reflexiona sobre la gestión universitaria y la importancia de incluir con mayor énfasis, dentro de los planes de formación y capacitación de los directivos, el entrenamiento de competencias tanto en el área intrapersonal (autoconocimiento, autocontrol, automotivación) como en el área de las habilidades sociales (empatía y manejo de relaciones, trabajo en equipo, negociación de conflictos). Cada vez más el éxito en la dirección de los procesos sustantivos en la Educación Superior cubana se relaciona con el desarrollo y despliegue de estas competencias en virtud de responder a las demandas de los complejos escenarios educativos, en los cuales los directivos científicos y académicos tienen un rol esencial. Se emplearon métodos de nivel teórico, tales como: analítico-sintético, inducción-deducción, histórico-lógico y análisis documental. Los resultados apuntan a la necesidad de diseñar e implementar en las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES), una metodología para el desarrollo de competencias emocionales en los directivos a tono con las demandas de la gestión universitaria.
Deep learning for recommender systems: A Netflix case study
Authors: Steck Harald , Baltrunas Linas , Elahi Ehtsham , Liang Dawen , Raimond Yves , Basilico Justin
Published: January 2022

Deep learning has profoundly impacted many areas of machine learning. However, it took a while for its impact to be felt in the field of recommender systems. In this article, we outline some of the challenges encountered and lessons learned in using deep learning for recommender systems at Netflix. We first provide an overview of the various recommendation tasks on the Netflix service. We found that different model architectures excel at different tasks. Even though many deep‐learning models can be understood as extensions of existing (simple) recommendation algorithms, we initially did not observe significant improvements in performance over well‐tuned non‐deep‐learning approaches. Only when we added numerous features of heterogeneous types to the input data, deep‐learning models did start to shine in our setting. We also observed that deep‐learning methods can exacerbate the problem of offline–online metric (mis‐)alignment. After addressing these challenges, deep learning has ultimately resulted in large improvements to our recommendations as measured by both offline and online metrics. On the practical side, integrating deep‐learning toolboxes in our system has made it faster and easier to implement and experiment with both deep‐learning and non‐deep‐learning approaches for various recommendation tasks. We conclude this article by summarizing our take‐aways that may generalize to other applications beyond Netflix.
Ön miért választotta a Honvédelmi alapismeretek tantárgyat?
Authors: Stummer Judit
Published: January 2022

A tanulmány a Honvédelmi alapismeretek tantárggyal kapcsolatos hallgatói véleményeket összegzi. A felsőoktatásban történt adatfelvétel eredményei rávilágítanak többek között a fiatalok honvédelem iránti elkötelezettségére, az esetleges katonai szolgálatvállalás iránti szándékára is. Az adatgyűjtésre a 2020/2021-es tanévben került sor.
Economic Feasibility of Greening Foundation Engineering
Authors: Presnov Oleg , Tatarintsev Nikita , Mikhailova Daria
Published: January 2022

This article examines the main economic effects associated with the greening of the construction sector in general, and foundation construction, in particular. The paper identifies the key advantages and economic benefits from the introduction of environmental innovations for the state, developers and the population. The central barriers hindering the development of "green building" in Russia are outlined. The economic efficiency of the complex application of resource and energy saving technologies in the construction sector on the example of specific domestic construction projects has been revealed. On the basis of existing theoretical and empirical studies, it was concluded that the economic feasibility of introducing resource-saving technologies in foundation engineering is to minimize labor intensity (without the involvement of special equipment), material costs, metal consumption and construction time, achieve high quality and operational characteristics of construction projects, their economical operation, including reducing heat loss and repair costs.
The Role of the State in Formation and Development of Shadow Economy in Modern-Day Russia
Authors: Davydova Galina , Makarova Galina , Tagiev Mikhail
Published: January 2022

The article discusses some theoretical and methodological problems of defining the concept of shadow economy and determining its role in the economy and society, and estimates the role of the state in formation and development of the informal economy.
The authors propose to define shadow economy basing not only on the widely accepted micro-economic approach, but also on the macro-economic one. In this relation, they point out the inverse dependence of shadow economy on two micro-factors, namely, the state of the economy and the quality of public management.
According to the article, the quality of public and economy management could be assessed by the extent to which the government is able to balance its own peculiar interests (which might be unfavourable for the society, but not completely eradicable) and those of the economically active population striving for their wellbeing and stable economic development.
The authors infer that shadow economy emerges and extends its scope if the legislation provides for the state to prioritize, instead of minimizing, its peculiar interests over the interests of the economy and economically active population. Therefore, in the majority of countries, shadow economy is, in fact, a result of flaws accidentally or deliberately designed in the current national legislative framework.
Social Waves and Stability of Legislation
Authors: Vedernikov Alexey
Published: January 2022

The article reveals the objective prerequisites for the change of legislation. These are not clarifications and amendments, but reforms that are reflected in significant changes in civil, labor, family, inheritance, and procedural legislation. This is usually associated with the cancellation of the old and the adoption of a new codified Act, but in modern Russia, it is associated with the modification and cancellation of a large number of statutory acts. The article illustrates the stability of industry legislation in Australia, Austria, Germany and the USA. The theory of generations, generally accepted in developed countries, is analyzed from the point of view of the need to change legislation. Historical analysis shows that in the observable past, the problem of generational change, regardless of demographic wave, predetermined the need for reforms in Russia in the middle of the 19th century. This is extensively reflected in the Russian literature of the second half of the 19th century. The article shows the differences between demographic waves, generations and waves that determine the need for a change in legislation. It is postulated that the wave that determines the change of legislation should be considered as a social wave. The need for a significant change in legislation is closely connected with social waves. The author criticizes the state of constant legislation updating without the need caused by such a social wave. The author concludes about the negative consequences of unreasonably frequent changes in legislation.
A computational scheme for calculating the temperature field when oil production problems
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Ovchinnikova Anastasia S.
Published: January 2022

The paper presents an approach to coupled modeling of hydrodynamic and thermal processes occurring in the oil reservoir during field development using thermal methods of enhanced oil recovery. To simulate the processes of non-isothermal multiphase flow, an approach based on implicit calculation of pressure using the finite element method and an explicit calculation of phase saturations is used. A computational scheme for calculating the temperature field is considered. This scheme makes it possible to take into account both heat transfer between phases and heat transfer of a fluid mixture and matrix-rock. In order to take into account the effect of thermal conductivity, a coefficient characterizing the rate of heat transfer between the fluid mixture and the rock is used. The proposed scheme also takes into account the effect of the temperature field on the phases flow in the field reservoir and provides for the possibility of heat sources and sinks occured due to chemical reactions or thermodynamic processes in gaseous phases. Numerical experiments were carried out on a model of a real oil field obtained as a result of history matching of well data. The model contains a large number of wells and is characterized by a high heterogeneity of the porous medium. The applicability of the considered computational scheme is demonstrated on the example of modeling hot water injection into wells crossing a formation with super-viscous oil. The efficiency of thermal methods for the development of super-viscous oil fields is shown. When hot water was injected into the reservoir, the increase in oil production was about 25 % due to a significant decrease in oil viscosity. The time spent for calculating the temperature field while simulating a multiphase flow did not exceed 6 % of the total computational time.
Protocolo de estudo para comparar a influência do uso de contraceptivo injetável nos níveis de proteína C reativa e lipoproteína de baixa densidade oxidada
Authors: Muniz Daniell Lima , Dos Santos Priscilla Araujo , Barbosa Juliane Santos , Leite Josias Melo , Petto Jefferson
Published: January 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: Contraceptivos hormonais são amplamente utilizados em todo o mundo por mulheres para evitar gestação indesejada. Entretanto, pesquisadores sugerem que seu uso contínuo possa provocar efeitos colaterais, como em alteração no perfil lipídico e níveis de Proteína C-reativa (PCR), o que leva à inflamação subclínica e, consequentemente, maior risco cardiovascular. OBJETIVO: Testar a hipótese de que o uso contínuo de contraceptivo injetável (CI) altera os níveis de Proteína C reativa e Lipoproteína de Baixa Densidade – Oxidada de mulheres aparentemente saudáveis. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional comparativo de corte transversal, que incluirá mulheres que usam e não usam contraceptivo injetável por pelo menos 6 meses. Serão recrutadas a partir de convites por redes sociais, convites em consultórios médicos e convites em unidades de atendimento em saúde. Serão coletados dados antropométricos e sanguíneos para análise dos critérios de exclusão e a coleta de sangue para mensurar a Proteína C-reativa (PCR) e a Lipoproteína de Baixa Densidade oxidada (LDL-ox). Para as voluntárias, serão apresentadas o Termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Foi realizado estudo piloto em que foi obtido 14 participantes e foi feito o cálculo de suficiência amostral para o desfecho primário PCR em que foi considerado um alfa de 0,05 e beta 0,80 para relação entre amostras 1:1 e assim foi estimado 82 participantes. Projeto foi submetido ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com CAAE: 37695620.5.0000.0042. RESULTADOS ESTIMADOS: Este estudo poderá sugerir um redirecionamento de tomadas de decisão de trabalhadores da saúde no tocante uso de contraceptivos a mulheres com risco cardiovascular.
Особенности волевой регуляции молодых людей – пользователей социальных сетей
Authors: Шляпников В.Н.
Published: January 2022

Приведены результаты исследования, посвященного влиянию социальных сетей на особенности волевой регуляции у молодых людей. Сравнивались три группы пользователей социальной сети ВКонтакте, различающиеся по времени, проводимому на ресурсе, а также по характеру онлайн-активности («До 1 часа», «От 1 до 3 часов», «Более 3 часов»). Всего в исследовании приняло участие 450 пользователей в возрасте от 18 до 25 лет (средний возраст — 22.5 года). Выборка состояла из 225 мужчин и 225 женщин, студентов вузов или молодых специалистов с высшим образованием, холостых или незамужних, бездетных, проживающих в крупных городах РФ. Использовались следующие методы: «Шкала контроля за действием» Ю. Куля (НАКЕМР-90) в адаптации С.А. Шапкина; «Вопросник для выявления выраженности самоконтроля в эмоциональной сфере, деятельности и поведении» (Г.С. Ни­кифоров, В.К. Васильева и С.В. Фирсова); формализованная модификация методики самооценки (СО) Дембо-Рубинштейн в адаптации В.А. Иванникова, Е.В. Эйдмана (1990); тест СЖО в адаптации Д.А. Леонть­ева. Показано наличие значимых различий между сравниваемыми группами. Пользо­ва­тели, проводящие в социальных сетях менее 1 часа в день, характеризуются более эффективным типом волевой регуляции, по Ю. Ку­лю, выраженностью социального и поведенческого самоконтроля, высокими самооценками волевых качеств, а также высокой осмысленностью жизни. Пользователи, проводящие в социальных сетях более 3 часов, напротив, характеризуются менее эффективным типом волевой регуляции, невысокой выраженностью социального и поведенческого самоконтроля, низкими самооценками волевых качеств, а также недостаточной осмысленностью жизни.
Exploring the Governance of Entrepreneurial Ecosystems for Productive High Growth
Authors:   Jagellonian University, Gancarczyk Marta , Konopa Sławomir ,   Jagellonian University
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to empirically identify the characteristics and governance types of regional entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) associated with productive high-growth entrepreneurship (PHGE). We developed a unique database comprised of public statistics on high-growth enterprises and regional EEs in Poland over the course of 2011–2018. The Hierarchical Clustering on Principal Components and a taxonomic analysis were used to identify how different types of EE governance relate to varying levels of high-growth enterprises’ performance. We have identified and described the relationships between PHGE and diverse clusters of EE governance and evolution stages toward developed structures. Two clusters proved similarly effective in generating PHGE and they represent alternative EE governance solutions as well as the most advanced evolutionary phases. The proposed conceptualizations of productive high-growth entrepreneurship and EE governance types advance the understanding and measurement of these phenomena. The profiling and configurational approach adopted in this research reflects the heterogeneity of EE governance types and outcomes and can be further replicated in other research settings.
Kemunculan dan Peranan Parti Negara Sarawak (PANAS) dalam Politik Sarawak Menjelang Pembentukan Malaysia (1960 – 1963)
Authors:   Center for History Politics and Strategic Studies Faculty of Social Sciences And Humanities Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Mansor Suffian
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK British menyediakan beberapa ruang kepada penduduk Sarawak berpolitik dengan mengubal perlembagaan Sarawak agar dapat melatih penduduk Sarawak ke arah berkerajaan sendiri. Usaha ini termasuklah usaha memberi ruang kepada kegiatan berpolitik dan memperkenalkan pilihan raya negeri untuk Sarawak. Hal ini membawa penubuhan parti politik seperti Parti Negara Sarawak (PANAS). Penubuhan parti ini mendapar cabaran besar dalam kalangan sokongan bumiputera kerana penubuhan parti yang bertunjangkan bumiputera menyaingi kehadiran PANAS. Cabaran seterusnya ialah usaha PANAS untuk relevan dalam perikatan parti pro-Malaysia iaitu Sarawak Alliance Party (SAP). PANAS keluar dari perikatan tersebut. Hal ini membawa kepada cabaran ketiganya yang terpaksa berdepan dengan SAP dan parti pembangkang lain dalam PRN 1963. Tambahan daripada itu, pemimpin Tanah Melayu pula memberi sokongan kepada SAP dan mengkritik PANAS. Namun demikian PANAS terus bertahan dan telah menghadapi pelbagai cabaran yang mengancam survival parti tersebut. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melihat peranan PANAS dalam usaha mendapat sokongan penduduk Sarawak dan terus relevan dalam perjuang politik di Sarawak sekitar tahun 1960-1963. Kaedah kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan membuat penyelidikan berdasarkan sumber primar dan sekundari. Dapatan kajian dalam artikel ini membuktikan bahawa walaupun pelbagai cabaran dihadapi oleh PANAS sepanjang tempoh kajian namun PANAS mampu bertahan hingga berjaya menempatkan dirinya dalam Council Negri selepas pilihan raya negeri 1963. Kata Kunci: PANAS; Sarawak; Abang Mustapha; Malaysia; Bumiputera
Dasar Pandang ke Timur India: Pengukuhan Hubungan India-ASEAN
Authors:   Pusat Kajian Sejarah, Politik dan Hal Ehwal Antarabangsa  (SPHEA) Fakulti Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 UKM Bangi Selangor, V.P. Hamzah Zubaidah , Wei Koh Kuan ,   Xiamen University Malaysia Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang Selangor
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK Kajian ini membincangkan pembentukan Dasar Pandang ke Timur India (India’s Look East Policy) dan kesannya terhadap hubungan India dengan ASEAN. Hubungan India dengan negara-negara Asia Tenggara telah lama terjalin melalui pelbagai bentuk. Namun demikian, pada era Perang Dingin khususnya pada tahun-tahun 1970an dan 1980an hubungan India dengan rantau Asia Tenggara agak suram disebabkan India tidak meletakkan rantau ini sebagai rantau keutamaan dalam dasar luarnya. Namun demikian, tamatnya Perang Dingin dengan kejatuhan Soviet Union telah menyebabkan India perlu mencari hala tuju baharu dalam dasar luarnya. Dalam situasi ekonomi India yang tidak memberangsangkan ini India mula melihat peningkatan ekonomi negara-negara anggota ASEAN sebagai sesuatu yang positif untuk India. Oleh itu, pada tahun 1991 Dasar Pandang ke Timur India dibentuk bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hubungan dengan negara jiran timurnya. Kertas ini membincangkan pembentukan dan perkembangan Dasar Pandang ke Timur ini serta kepentingan ASEAN dalam dasar tersebut. Analisis dilakukan berasaskan pendekatan sejarah dengan meneliti sumber primer seperti rekod pertubuhan ASEAN, dokumen dari Kementerian Luar India, akhbar serta sumber sekunder. Kajian mendapati dasar ini telah mengukuhkan hubungan India dengan ASEAN dan ditingkatkan lagi dengan dimensi yang lebih luas melalui Dasar Bertindak ke Timur (India’s Act East Policy). Kata kunci: Dasar Pandang ke Timur India; ASEAN; dasar luar; India; Asia Tenggara
Two-staged tactics of treatment of postoperative sternomediastinitis using technique of negative pressure followed by two-flap omentoplasty according to K. Yoshida
Authors: Kasatov A. V. , Arutyunyan V. B. , Minasian Victor N. , Vronsky A. S.
Published: January 2022

This article presents an observation of a clinical case in a patient with the postoperative sternomediastinitis. In cardio-thoracic surgery this complication ranges from 1 to 10 % [2, 3, 14, 16, 19] depending on who the work is done by and the ratio of deaths can reach up to 40 % [13]. Due to untimely diagnosis of the pyoinflammatory process in the tracheostomy orifice, the patient developed progressive instability of the sternum followed by sternomediastinitis.
A two-staged tactics of treatment of the postoperative sternomediastinitis using the technique of negative pressure followed by two-flap omentoplasty according to K. Yoshida in this case is the technique of choice for surgical treatment, which allows to restore the integrity of the chest wall frame in the shortest possible time and ensure tightness for the mediastinum. This technique is the most effective in the treatment of destructive forms of purulent complications of the sternum after a median sternotomy. The relevance and expediency of the use of omentoplasty is also justified from a financial and medico-social position, since the procedure reduces mortality among patients of this category, as well as the risk of severe disability at the able-bodied age.
Micronutrient deficiency in menstrual dysfunction among women of reproductive age
Authors: Sandakova Е. А. , Zhukovskaya I. G.
Published: January 2022

Objective. To determine whether inorganic menstrual dysfunction (MD) is associated with magnesium, iron and vitamin D deficiency in women of reproductive age.

Materials and methods. The study group I consisted of 50 women with MD: dysmenorrhea (16 women), oligomenorrhea (12 women), functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (3 patients) and acyclic abnormal uterine bleeding (19 women), the comparison group II was composed of 30 patients with normal menstrual function. The methods of study included history taking using a questionnaire to detect the signs of magnesium deficiency, physical examination, echography of pelvic organs, full blood count, blood tests to determine the concentration of magnesium, vitamin D and ferritin as well as consulting a therapeutist.

Results. Magnesium deficiency was registered significantly more often in patients with MD (93.0 3.6 %, 73.0 8.1 %, respectively; p 0.05). The most typical signs of magnesium deficiency were the central symptoms: headache (58.0 7.1 %, 22.0 7.6 %; p 0.001), irritability (53.0 7.1 %, 26.0 8.0 %; p 0.01), dyssomnia (45.0 7.0 %, 17.0 6.9 %; p 0.01), dizziness (42.5 7.0 %, 22.0 7.6 %; p 0.05), a decrease in libido (34.0 6.7 %, 13.0 6.1 %; p 0.05), as well as trophic disturbances including hair loss (38.0 6.9 %, 13.0 6.9 %; p 0.01). Similar findings were obtained when we studied the iron supply: the frequency of latent iron deficiency (according to ferritin concentration) was 77.0 5.9 and 35.7 8.4 % respectively; p 0.001. Deficiency or insufficient supply of 25(ОH)D was registered significantly more often in women with MD in comparison with healthy women (45.0 7.0 %, 20.0 7.3 %; p 0.05).

Conclusions. In summary, determination of the level of micronutrients and adequate compensation of their deficiency can be important factors in physiological correction of endocrine imbalance leading to functional disorders in the reproductive system and a decrease in fertility.
La "ocasionalidad" barroca en "Angélica y Medoro" (1722), de Antonio de Zamora
Authors: Bermejo Gregorio Jordi
Published: January 2022

El artículo pretende estudiar el proceso de creación de la ópera Angélica y Medoro (1722) de Antonio de Zamora, como festejo de la boda del príncipe Luis de Borbón. Será fundamental atender las circunstancias histórico-políticas que motivaron la pieza y la dimensión simbólica que algunos personajes tienen en la trama. Este proceso posibilitará extraer tres significaciones del estudio de la “ocasionalidad” barroca: la necesidad de una actitud pacífica y de concordia con el resto de reinos europeos -especialmente con Francia-, evitar el error de emprender guerras por intereses personalistas (invasión de Cerdeña y Sicilia) y el deseo del buen gobierno del futuro rey (Luis I) atendiendo únicamente al amor a su pueblo y al sentido de la responsabilidad.
Comparison of structured interactive lecture (SIL) and flipped classroom method (FCM) in learning ophthalmology topics among undergraduate medical students
Authors: Prabha Padma B , Jyothi P T
Published: January 2022

Structured interactive lectures (SIL) and Flipped classroom methods (FCM) are newer teaching learning methods which utilise pedagogical way of teaching. This study intends to compare efficacy of both methods in the understanding of ophthalmology topics among undergraduate novice.

To compare the effectiveness in learning, conduct of classes and perception of students regarding both methods.

: Quasi experimental study. Duration – 6 months. Population- 6 sem students, sample size – 45 in each group. Three topics selected (of varying complexities) and taught by SIL and FCM method. Pretest and posttest were conducted to assess the knowledge acquired. Feedback regarding the conduct of both sessions were taken in Likert’s scale. Perception comparing both techniques were also evaluated.

Difference between pretest scores were not significant. Difference between pretest and posttest scores were significant. SIL is better than FCM for undergraduate students posted for the first time in ophthalmology department. The students were enthusiastic with both methods. FCM was prefered by the students for motivation, subject retention, topic simplification and subject interest. The students narratives are discussed.

Structured interactive lectures are better for improving knowledge. Flipped classrooms kept students active. A hybrid method maybe more effective. Long term followup is needed to evaluate recall and performance in exams.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices of research among faculties in medical college
Authors: Bhatt Jalpa K
Published: January 2022

Medical research aims to advance knowledge, skills, and professionalism. Lack of research could lead to the demise of the profession as a viable discipline. Research orientation is a concept that incorporates four subscales and provides insight into faculties' overall perception of research.

To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding research and to identify barriers for research among medical faculty.

Our study is a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study covering 110 faculties of medical college. Data collection was done through the Edmonton research orientation survey (EROS), a pre-validated tool. EROS questionnaire consists of 50 questions in two sections –the first section containing demographic variables (12 questions) and the second section (consist of 38 items) asks the respondents to rate on a five-point Likert’s scale.

A high response rate (90.9%) was achieved. Sixty-five percent of respondents achieved an overall medium EROS score and 33% of respondents achieved a high EROS score (mean Eros score 132.3+21.7) indicating high research orientation. Respondents showed high subscale scores: valuing research (63%) and being at the leading edge of the profession (66%). While involvement in research (47%) and evidence-based practice (53%) scored lower. The study highlighted important barriers like lack of time, skills and support.

The results suggest that although faculties value research they engage less in carrying out and applying research. The positive research orientation provides an opportunity for the profession to use the available potential to increase research output.
Does Public Investment Contribute to Increasing Institutional and Interpersonal Trust?: Place-Based Policies for Sports and Cultural Activities in Cali, Colombia
Authors: Martínez Lina María , Sayago Juan Tomás
Published: January 2022

This paper studies the effect of two place-based policies implemented in Cali, Colombia on social capital and trust. We use the CaliBRANDO survey to account for institutional and interpersonal trust, matching neighborhood of residence and where policies are applied. We set up a difference-in-difference model to estimate the impact of the policies on the indexes that measure trust. We nd that the organized sport policy improves institutional trust by about 4%. Our results are significant for soccer and basketball and not significant for futsal and other activities. The evidence does not support an effect of nightlights on trust.
Los sistemas de pago de la nómina de personal en el sector público y la experiencia internacional
Authors: Pimenta Carlos , Seco Antonio
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de esta publicación es analizar los sistemas de pago de la nómina de personal en el sector público de los países de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC), y compararlos con experiencias de otros países fuera de la región. A partir de un análisis de los enfoques para la organización de los sistemas transversales de gestión en el sector público y de la descripción de casos y alternativas de modelos de implementación de los sistemas de información de nómina en el sector público (SINSP), se presenta una tipología para estos sistemas. Adicionalmente, la información sobre los SINSP en ALC fue relevada mediante una encuesta llevada a cabo en 21 países de la región, lo que posibilitó identificar los principales modelos y estrategias de estos sistemas y elaborar recomendaciones de políticas en el tema.
Managing megaprojects: conceptual framework and international experience
Authors: Groom Simon , Armendáriz Edna
Published: January 2022

The discussion paper analyzes international experience in megaproject management, identifying problems and delivery performance. The most important distortions are optimism bias and strategic misrepresentation. it explores the approaches of Norway and the United Kingdom. Both countries have strengthened the robustness of planning and appraisal for megaprojects and have established specific methods and institutional arrangements for these projects to strengthen governance and transparency. Finally, some lessons are put forward that could help other countries, especially in Latin America, when embarking on megaprojects.
Revisión independiente del Programa de País Belize 2013-2021
Authors: Riveros Luisa , Cáceres Saldaña Claudia , Barcellos Andreia
Published: January 2022

En esta revisión independiente del programa de país (ICPR) se analizan la más reciente estrategia de país del Grupo BID con Belize para el período 2013-2021 y su correspondiente programa de país. Las ICPR evalúan la pertinencia de la estrategia de país del Grupo BID y brindan información agregada sobre el grado de alineación y la ejecución del respectivo programa. En función de la disponibilidad de información, también dan cuenta del avance hacia el logro de los objetivos fijados en la estrategia de país. Esta revisión a cargo de la Oficina de Evaluación y Supervisión (OVE) tiene por objeto suministrar a los Directorios Ejecutivos del BID y BID Invest información útil para su consideración de la próxima estrategia de país del Grupo BID con Belize.
Estrategia lúdica para prevenir infecciones respiratorias agudas en escolares del nivel primaria
Authors: Álvarez Ortega Luzvelia Guadalupe , Sandoval Álvarez Gabriela Jimena
Published: January 2022

El trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar la eficacia de la estrategia lúdica basada en juegos de azar, para la enseñanza de la prevención de infecciones respiratorias agudas en los estudiantes del nivel primario. Metodológicamente se trató de una investigación cuantitativa de tipo exploratoria-explicativa. La población de estudio fue la Institución Educativa San Lorenzo Conchamarca de Huánuco, Perú durante el año 2016. Se trabajó con una muestra de 45 estudiantes de 10 a 12 años, distribuidos en tres grupos para aplicar de forma diferenciada los juegos didácticos: a) Gusanito de la salud, b) Ruleta de la salud, c) Yincana, donde se abordaron los mensajes sobre medidas preventivas de las infecciones respiratorias agudas. Se utilizó un cuestionario y lista de chequeo antes y después de la intervención. Para el análisis estadístico se aplicó ANOVA de un factor y test de Scheffé para contraste de grupos. Los resultados demuestran que, de las tres actividades, la ruleta de la salud resulta ser más eficaz en este tipo de investigaciones con una puntuación en una escala del 1 al 20 que se encuentra entre 11,17 y 11,5 luego de la aplicación. Dentro de las conclusiones destaca que, los juegos de azar demostraron ser efectivos para crear en los estudiantes conciencia de prevención, a la par que reforzaron sus conocimientos respecto a las IRA, con lo que pueden llegar a ser multiplicadores de las medidas preventivas aprendidas.
La Educación Musical en los estudios del Grado en Educación Infantil: análisis de las guías docentes de las universidades españolas
Authors: Juárez García José Luis , López Núñez Norberto
Published: January 2022

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal analizar las Guías Docentes de las asignaturas del área de Educación Musical en los Grados de Educación Infantil que se imparten en las universidades españolas. Se utilizó un diseño de investigación de tipo descriptivo y exploratorio. La muestra está formada por Guías Docentes pertenecientes a las asignaturas de Educación Musical del Grado de Educación Infantil (N=96). Como resultados principales hay que destacar el alto porcentaje de titularidad de universidades públicas respecto a las privadas. También cabe destacar que la mayoría de las asignaturas de Educación musical se imparten en los cursos más avanzados de la titulación. Se concluye que a la hora de elaborar las Guías Docentes no existe un criterio común para ello ya que, aunque la mayoría contienen los mismos apartados, son muy dispares en su contenido.
El maestro de instrumento musical a nivel superior como consejero. Una aproximación a su estudio
Authors: Capistrán Gracia Raúl Wenceslao
Published: January 2022

En este artículo se describe el rol de los docentes de instrumento musical como consejeros de sus estudiantes cuando estos les comparten sus problemáticas. La investigación fue de tipo cualitativo. La técnica para la obtención de datos fue la entrevista a profundidad en la que participaron 12 profesores de seis universidades mexicanas. Los resultados indican que el estudiante suele tomar a su maestro como la primera instancia para compartir sus problemas personales, mientras que los profesores asumen esa responsabilidad. Las problemáticas pueden ser de tipo familiar, económico, de salud, vocacional, académico, y problemas sumamente delicados. Las competencias que los docentes poseen para desempeñar ese rol dependen de sus antecedentes académicos y de su trayectoria. Las estrategias utilizadas son la escucha y el diálogo. Los informantes reflejaron claridad en cuanto a los límites de esa función, reconocieron tener debilidades importantes y mostraron receptividad para recibir capacitación formal.
Beneficios de la gamificación en el aula de música de Educación Secundaria
Authors: Archilla Segade Héctor , González de la Cruz Sara
Published: January 2022

Partiendo de una propuesta didáctica gamificada, este artículo pretende mostrar la relación existente entre el uso de la gamificación, la consecución de los objetivos didácticos y el nivel de satisfacción del alumnado que cursa Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Se ha diseñado una Unidad Didáctica para ser implementada a través de gamificación a un grupo experimental y mediante una metodología de corte tradicional a un grupo control. La metodología ha sido cuantitativa y descriptiva, utilizando dos instrumentos diferentes para la recogida de datos y su posterior análisis. Se ha observado el comportamiento del rendimiento y la satisfacción en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del alumnado, en función de la metodología didáctica empleada. Asimismo, se han comparado los resultados de aprendizaje obtenidos en ambas. Se puede avanzar que los resultados han sido mejores tanto a nivel de rendimiento como de satisfacción del alumnado, en el grupo que ha trabajado a través de gamificación.
US and EU in Latin America: contours of competitive interaction
Authors: Gritsenko Ilona
Published: January 2022

The paper outlines the contours of modern competitive interaction between the United States and the European Union in Latin America. Based on the Latin American country strategies of the US State Department and the European Commission documents, the author traces the priorities of the above mentioned global players in the region, highlighting those of them that are areas of conflict of interests between the US and the EU. Special attention is paid to the differences and commonalities in their approaches to topical issues and problematic items of the Latin American agenda.
Is There A Need in a New «Concert of Great Powers»? Discussions in the American Expert Community
Authors: Kozlov Korney
Published: January 2022

The world political system is recently passing through a period of rapid changes. Decades of Western dominance are coming to an end, while strengthening China and Russia are eroding the weakening western leadership and its liberal values. In order to reduce tensions between the great powers and prevent possible confrontation, Richard N. Haas and Charles I. Kupchan propose to create a modern edition of the "European Concert" of the 19th century. Their opponents claim that the experience of the past is not always relevant in the present, and the "concert" system will not work in the modern circumstances. The article reveals the arguments of both sides.
The 2021 Middle East agenda of U.S. media
Authors: Koshkin Pavel
Published: January 2022

The escalation of the Arab-Israeli conflict has been testing the Biden administration since May 2021, with exposing the current Middle East agenda of U.S. media and its impact on Biden’s and democrats’ reputation. Despite the fact that the press has a certain, if restricted, influence on politics, intuitively, journalists come up with understanding of public opinion on Biden. This article deals with the problem of the U.S. president’s publicity through the lens of the current media discourse, with author relying on the descriptive method, discourse analysis and content analysis of materials in American mainstream media such as  The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall-Street Journal, The Los Angeles Times, Politico, Newsweek and Time. In conclusion, the author assumes that – alongside with the problems of inflation, economic crisis and the pandemic – the coverage of the recent Arab-Israeli escalation in the U.S. press has an additional negative impact on Biden’s reputation and his odds of winning the 2024 future election.
Biden Administration's Arctic Policy Outlook
Authors: Lipunov Nikita
Published: January 2022

The goal of US Arctic policy today is to consolidate its status as an Arctic power. To that end, the Biden administration has reshuffled personnel and institutions, stepped up the fight against climate change, initiated infrastructure projects in Alaska, and emphasised multilateral cooperation, including through NATO and the Arctic Council. The White House is not interested in excessive confrontation with Russia in the region and recognises the need for clear 'rules of the game' in the Arctic.
Классификация терминов (на примере научной статьи А. Манн «Венера может быть пригодной для жизни планетой: новые открытия ученых» на английском и русском языках)
Authors: Жовтобрюх М.В. , Семенова С.Н. , Семенова А.Н.
Published: January 2022

Статья посвящена нахождению слов в оригинальном тексте; анализе их перевода в тексте и сортированию их по областям; нахождению слов, образованных при помощи суффиксов и приставок. Исследование проведено на материале научной статьи А. Манна «Венера может быть пригодной для жизни планетой: новые открытия ученых» (“Venus Might Host Life, New Discovery Suggests”) на английском языке, переведенной Юлией Гуркиной на русский язык. Использованы следующие методы: 1) сплошная выборка слов; 2) классификационный метод; 3) анализ. Составлены 3 таблицы, по разным критериям. Использовались элементы количественного анализа, выявляющие статистические характеристики изучаемых объектов.
К вопросу о сравнении текста оригинала и перевода художественного произведения (на примере рассказа А. Конана Дойля «Сквозь пелену» на английском и русском языках)
Authors: Максаков Ф.М. , Семенова С.Н. , Семенова А.Н.
Published: January 2022

Цель работы заключается в поиске различий и сходств при сравнении и сопоставлении оригинального текста и перевода. Предметом данной статьи является рассказ на английском языке “Through the Veil” Конана Дойля и его перевод “Сквозь пелену”, выполненный Симоном Маркиша на русском языке. В процессе исследования текста произведения были выделены примеры с лексическими значениями в переводной работе. Составлены 2 таблицы, демонстрирующие соотношение слов, процентных показателей, дана классификация примеров по видам суффиксов.
Использование онлайн-презентаций в проектной деятельности на уроках английского языка
Authors: Хохлова Т.В. , Яриков В.Г.
Published: January 2022

В современном мире все большую популярность набирают информационные технологии. А 2020 год надолго укоренил работу в режиме онлайн. Исходя из этого, возникла необходимость пересмотреть план обучения и приспособить его к новым реалиям. В данной статье мы рассматриваем различные сервисы для создания онлайн-презентаций, которые также можно применить в проектной деятельности на уроках английского языка.
Assessment of the contrıbutıon of adjectıves to stylızatıon
Authors: Abdullayeva S.N.
Published: January 2022

In this study, the most important features of adjectives and adjective phrases were examined in terms of structure and meaning. The aim of the study is to highlight the prominent types, elements, and frequency of use of the adjective in the work we examined, to determine and reveal the decisive role of adjectives in terms of style, to indicate what meanings the words or phrases used as adjectives give to the noun elements they come before. The article deals with the adjective phrases formed by the descriptive, the attributive, demonstrative, uncertainty, numeral adjectives.
Фармакотерапия иммунопороза: фокус на бисфосфонаты
Authors: Горбушина А.Д. , Сафронова Ю.А. , Дианова Д.Г.
Published: January 2022

Иммунопороз относится к числу наиболее распространенных заболеваний, являясь главной причиной переломов шейки бедра и тел позвонков. На сегодняшний день существует достаточно большой спектр лекарственных средств для фармакотерапии данного заболевания, но препаратами первой линии с доказанной эффективностью являются бисфосфонаты. В статье изучен перечень препаратов Ибандроновой кислоты, представленных в аптеках крупного промышленного города. Установлено, что список препаратов, используемых для лечения заболеваний костной системы в исследуемых аптеках, представлен как импортными, так и отечественными, существенно расширяя возможность выбора лекарственного препарата с учётом финансовой возможности пациента.
Социальная ответственность СМИ в практиках реализации медийных бизнес-проектов
Authors: Бойко Д.С. , Гогина Л.П.
Published: January 2022

В работе рассматривается роль медийных бизнес-проектов в качестве экономической жизни общества, в специфике социального экономического поведения, когда речь идет об освещении СМИ работы благотворительных фондов, так как в этой ситуации само СМИ становится частью экономического проекта. Определена социальная ответственность СМИ перед аудиторией по критериям ответственности перед персоналом редакции, перед целевой аудиторией, перед социумом. Тема раскрывается на примере информационного сопровождения работы детских благотворительных фондов; в процессе такого сопровождения СМИ создают узнаваемый бренд бизнес-проекта.
Проблемы системы здравоохранения РФ в период пандемии COVID-19: социальный аспект
Authors: Головко Я.А. , Калинникова М.В.
Published: January 2022

В статье показано, что российское здравоохранение как социальная система, оказалась в период пандемии COVID 19 в сложной экономической ситуации. Приводятся причины затруднения медицинской сферы в борьбе с эпидемией коронавируса. Рассмотрен комплексный подход разрешения проблемы как «сверху» (со стороны Министерства здравоохранения РФ), так и «снизу» (общественное участие по предотвращению развития эпидемии). Особое внимание уделяется государственному регулированию в целях разрешения сложившейся ситуации.
Актуальность института семьи в жизни современной молодежи
Authors: Сайганова Е.В. , Фролов М.А.
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматриваются особенности взглядов современной молодежи на построение института семьи. Также анализируются аспекты, оказывающие влияние на изменение традиционной точки зрения формирования семейных ценностей.