bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Harmonizing sustainable development, environmental conservation, and renewable energy: An in-depth exploration of international and Indian Legal frameworks
Authors: Parihar Sachin Singh , Chauhan Dr. Deepak Kumar
Published: September 2023

The goal of the paper is to evaluate and interpret both Indian and international legal remedies for the problems with sustainable development and environmental pollution. It shows how well the judiciary of India has encouraged environmental activism and considerably enhanced the statute law to safeguard the environment and encourage sustainable development. The journey from Stockholm to Rio Sumit put us on the way that all people should be on if they want to live healthy, productive lives that are in harmony with nature. A number of environmental laws were passed as a result of the idea of sustainable development, which was one of the key drivers behind their creation. These laws were intended to safeguard the environment while also minimizing pollution. The paper will also acknowledge the existence of the specific function performed by India's court in interpreting a number of legislations regarding environmental protection in that country. Global worry regarding ecological degradation has emerged, and it now poses a problem for both the current and upcoming human generations. For the existence of life, environmental preservation must be a top priority. The responsibility of the present generation has the chance to address environmental issues since, if the current condition is allowed to persist, the next generation will not exist. The future of humanity is now at stake in the environmental agenda. The environment is a part of the people, and the reverse is also true. In addition to providing information about the role of international legal frameworks in the field of sustainable development, the current paper also offers a way to understand how the field is now developing.
مختلف مذاہب اور تہذیبوں میں تصور خدا کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ
Authors: Iqbal Hafiz Arshad
Published: September 2023

The greatest benevolence of Islam for the humanity is the belief in monotheism (Allah is One). Just as the soul of Islam is its belief system, the soul of these beliefs is to believe in, and have faith in, the Oneness of the Almighty. This belief is the pinnacle of all others which profess the Oneness of Allah. He is Unique and Singular in terms of nature and attributes. All the Prophets and Messengers preached the same belief throughout their lives. This belief has been comprehensively described in Surah Al-Ikhlas and Ayat al-Kursi (The Throne Verse). Although it is indubitably true that if this belief is adulterated, the edifice of other beliefs will surely collapse, many religions – other than Islam – have contaminated the pure concept of Allah’s Oneness. Idolist or naturalistic religions have depraved the true concept of Allah. Even some divine religions have veered off from the true idea of Tawheed and their followers resorted to Shirk. The knowledge pattern needed to ascertain the existence of God has to be the Quranic one, and sans it affirming the existence of Allah may become perplexing. In the instant article, besides proving a brief history of the concept of God in ancient religions and civilizations and the affirmation of Allah’s Oneness in the light of historical and rational arguments, all the modern-day scepticism regarding the existence of Allah will be addressed in the light of opinions of revered scholars and Iqbal’s thought.
فقہ اسلامی پر شاخت کے اعتراضات کا جائزہ
Authors: Shaheen Nadela
Published: September 2023

abstract
Sino-US Contestation and Its Implications for South Asia
Authors: Zulfiqar Ali Usman
Published: September 2023

The United States and China are facing a contestation across the world as Beijing’s rise and its economic indicators show their emergence in global mainstream. There are apprehensions that it can pose a challenge to the US led liberal world order, formatting alternate mechanism of global governance. China is competing with US in global technological trade along with having flagship projects such as BRI containing 147 countries in it. US and its allies are also doing some counter measures in the form of B3W etc. to contain China yet faces no success. In South Asia, Pakistan and India are having multiple benefits from China such as the huge trade of technological equipment etc. as compared to the United States which is losing its place as a major trade partner. This has generated a test case scenario for the South Asian neighbours to pick either of the major powers. Earlier studies have claimed the growing tendencies of good relations between India and China, but lacked the topic on South Asia with respect to Sino-US rivalry as it is nascent debate in scholarly clubs. Meanwhile, Islamabad as well as New-Delhi find a prudent policy approach in longer future. In this way, using the qualitative techniques of data collection the paper addressed the rising question of Impacts on Foreign Policy of Pakistan and India in such a situation.
The Impact of Intellectual Capital on Task Performance in Educational Sector of Lahore: Mediating role of Organizational Learning, and Innovative Work Behavior
Authors: Mirza Saeeda , Ahmad Touseef , Gogia Eimad Hafeez
Published: September 2023

This research looks at the impact of intellectual capital (IC) on task performance (TP) through the mediating role of organizational learning (OL) and innovative work behavior (IWB) in the education sector of Lahore, Pakistan. In order to accomplish the purpose, a theoretical framework has been made in line with literature review, using resource orchestration theory. Pretested investigative tool was used to accomplish a survey from university, college, and private schools in the district of Lahore, during October 2022 to January 2023. By using structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) based on a sample of, 361 questionnaires, which were sent through email and by courier. Out of which 340 answered, 10 incomplete and 11 forms returned un-answered. Regression analysis was applied for hypothesis testing. The main significance of this research is that the performance requirements and improvements in teacher quality will lead to students having the highest level of knowledge, which will help Pakistan rise to the top of the world in the near future. If teachers make the appropriate decisions at the appropriate times and use the appropriate strategies, performance should be accomplished. Since the results relate to a particular point in time, the study has the cross-sectional research limitation. Researchers can plan to conduct a longitudinal analysis in the current sample as part of a future line of research to address the gap. Future research can be expended to other region of Pakistan.
Examining The Mediating Role of Workplace Incivility Between Emotional Intelligence and Organizational Commitment
Authors: Mahmood Bushra , Ramzan Muhammad , Zafar Javaria
Published: September 2023

Incivility in the workplace is becoming more common and has been linked to higher job stress, depression, and anxiety. Moreover, it has been linked to decreasing productivity, job satisfaction, and organisational commitment. In spite of the financial and emotional costs that incivility imposes on companies and people, very little study has been done on the many measures that might be employed to mitigate these costs. The purpose of this research was to investigate how workplace incivility affects the relationship between emotional intelligence and commitment to a business. The quantitative methodology was used for the data collection process, which consisted of administering surveys to a certain number of participants. In order to conduct an analysis of the gathered information, the researcher made use of SPSS as well as Smart PLS SEM. According to the findings of this study, emotional intelligence has a positive and significant relationship with organizational commitment. The research revealed that incivility in the workplace serves as a mediator, and that in this capacity, emotional intelligence and organizational commitment are significantly related. It was found that emotional intelligence has a connection to job-related outcomes by virtue of the adverse consequences it has on incivility in the workplace. Emotionally intelligent academics should be recruited, promoted, and retained by universities. It seems logical to construct anti-incivility programs with the primary goal of fostering the development of abilities related to emotional intelligence. The findings of the present research indicate that emotional intelligence may be a valuable technique for proactively addressing incivility in the workplace.
Examining E- Satisfaction as Mediator between Banking Mobile Application Quality Factors and Consumers E-Loyalty
Authors: Shafiya Syeeda , Shaheera Amin  , Hasnain Ali Muhammad
Published: September 2023

This research aims to assess the impact of electronic banking mobile application quality factors, such as application design, trust, and reliability, on users' electronic loyalty in Pakistan's commercial banking sector. In addition, the influence of e-satisfaction as a mediator in the link between the quality characteristics of e-banking mobile apps and users' e-loyalty was investigated. A convenience sample of 218 clients of conventional banks in Pakistan provided the data. The questionnaire was derived from previously published works. The results indicated that reliability and trust have a significant impact on e-loyalty, but the design of mobile applications had a negligible impact. This study employs Cognitive-motivational-relational theory to examine the current literature on e-banking through the mediation function of electronic satisfaction. The current research aims to provide recommendations for increasing consumer loyalty and customer satisfaction in the commercial banking sectors of emerging economies. The current research aims to provide recommendations for increasing consumer loyalty and customer satisfaction in the commercial banking sectors of emerging economies. The study contributes to the understanding of the importance of mobile application quality factors in enhancing e-satisfaction, which in turn leads to e-loyalty.
Perlis Cinta Lingkungan: Empowerment Strategy of PT Pertamina EP Pangkalan Susu Field for Coastal Communities in Improving the Economy of Perlis Village
Authors: Tasmat Djulianto , Putranto Nurseno Dwi , Rohim Abdur
Published: September 2023

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) represents a commitment by a business corporation to contribute to sustainable economic development, which, in its implementation, consistently involves communities, local populations, government authorities, and even other corporations. Empowering coastal communities is one of the efforts aimed at enabling these communities to realize their inherent potential and strengthen their capacities. PT Pertamina EP Pangkalan Susu Field has introduced the Perlis Cinta Lingkungan program which intends to manage an organic waste, specifically plastic and organic waste, to create a clean and prosperous Perlis Village. This initiative has the potential to increase community income, minimize waste pollution, and generate value-added products from plastic waste. Consequently, the strategies implemented by PT Pertamina EP Pangkalan Susu Field, which include training programs, infrastructure support, and program monitoring and evaluation, are expected to function optimally and exemplify the company’s commitment to these initiatives.
Capitolina Díaz Martínez (Ed.) Martineau, H. Cómo observar la moral y las costumbres (1838). Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas CIS. Colección Clásicos del Pensamiento Social. Madrid, 2022
Authors: Del Pino Espejo María José
Published: September 2023

El Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (CIS) continúa con su línea de incluir en el canon de la sociología a las mujeres fundadoras de nuestra disciplina. En este sentido, el libro Cómo observar la moral y las costumbres es su segunda traducción del inglés al español y el primero cuya traducción edita Capitolina Díaz Martínez. La inglesa Harriet Martineau (1802-1876), considerada la primera socióloga, escribe 'Cómo Observar la Moral y las Costumbres' en el año 1838, a la edad de 36 años. Se trata de un libro presentado de forma magistral por su editora, como antesala a esta imprescindible lectura sobre métodos y técnicas de investigación social.
Assessment of Elementary School Teachers’ Knowledge of and Attitude toward the Management of Traumatic Dental Injuries in Makkah
Authors: Lingawi Hanadi
Published: September 2023

Background: Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) to primary and permanent teeth are not uncommon in children. Almost half of TDI in children occur at schools and the prognosis is time dependent. Hence, the teacher’s knowledge towards management of TDI is important. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and attitude of female elementary school teachers in Makkah, regarding the management of TDI. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study, designed using Google forms to collect information from 350 female elementary school teachers from randomly selected schools in Makkah. The questionnaire collected data on participants’ demographic characteristics, knowledge, and attitude towards management of TDI. Results: 265 teachers participated in this study. 66.8% of the participants had positive attitude towards moral responsibility regarding the management of TDI. 63.4% of the participants lacked the proper knowledge regarding the management of TDI and 74.6% did not know the best storage media for an avulsed tooth. 60.7% of the participants were not satisfied with their knowledge, yet 94% had a positive attitude towards improving their knowledge. Conclusions: Female elementary school teachers in Makkah, showed insufficient knowledge but a positive attitude and willingness towards improving their level of knowledge regarding management of TDI. Hence, strategies to improve teachers’ knowledge about TDI must be planned and implemented.
Assessment of the Correlation Between Periodontal Disease Severity and Specific Systemic Diseases: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ahmed Ayman , Azab Ehab , Yaghmour Wael
Published: September 2023

Background: Although the potential influence of numerous systemic diseases on the periodontium is well established, periodontal infection may significantly enhance liability to or modify the progression of certain systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. These are the most common disorders sharing a pathogenesis that involves an enhanced local and systemic inflammatory response to periodontal bacteria. The current study was intended to assess the correlation of periodontal disease severity with diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension. Methods: This study analyzed the records of patients who visited the hospital in 2018. Age, gender, periodontal disease severity and systemic condition, were obtained from patients’ records without including any identifying information. Data were gathered, arranged in tables, and analyzed using the chi-squared test (X2) and Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Significance was determined when P-values were < 0.05. Results: The frequencies of gingivitis and chronic periodontitis were greater in males than in females (p = 0.001 and 0.000, respectively). Periodontal disease severity was found to increase with age (p = 0.000). The frequency of chronic periodontitis was statistically higher than that of gingivitis (p = 0.000) and the frequency of severe chronic periodontitis was statistically higher than that of moderate and slight chronic periodontitis in all patients, whether they had diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension (p = 0.000). Conclusions: A large significant difference was found between the frequency of chronic periodontitis and that of gingivitis in all diabetic and/or hypertensive patients. Moreover, the severity of chronic periodontitis had a significant positive correlation with diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension.
Exploring the Relationship Between Dental Caries and Obesity in Makkah Children
Authors: Marghalani Abdullah , Alnefaie Ibrahim , Hazzazi Abdullah , Alghamdi Raed , Khatry Abdelaziz , Balkhour Ahmed , Dehom Salem
Published: September 2023

Background: Obesity and dental caries are global severe public health concerns. In Saudi Arabia, both diseases are increasing among children. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between dental caries and obesity in children living in Makkah City. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional. The sample was obtained from a dental teaching hospital at Umm Al-Qura University (UQU) and an elementary school in Makkah. Dental caries was measured using the Decayed, Missing, or Filled Teeth (DMFT/dmft) index. Obesity was measured using age and gender-specific Body Mass Index (BMI). Several covariates were collected, including diet, lifestyle, demographic, and socioeconomic status, including diet, lifestyle, demographic, and socio-economic status, were collected. Results: The total sample size included 184 children. The mean dental caries measured by DMFT/dmft was 5.37 with a standard deviation of (3.8). About 25 (13.7%) of the included children were underweight; 112 participants (61.2%) had a normal weight; 18 participants (9.8%) were overweight, and 28 participants (15.3%) were obese. In the crude and adjusted analysis, underweight children had higher dental caries than average weight, and overweight/obese children had less dental caries than normal-weight children. Moreover, the socio-economic status of the parents showed a positive relationship with dental caries experience. Conclusions: Dental caries experience differed by BMI status. Overweight children had lower dental caries experience and underweight children had higher dental caries experience.
Bacterial Colonization of the Dental Unit Waterlines in Dentistry UQU Teaching Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alotaibi Faisal , Almutawwif Mustafa , Alsayed Ehab , Tamboosi Mohammed , Althebeti Khaled , Elkwatehy Wahdan , Youssef Abdel-Rahman
Published: September 2023

Background: The aim of the current study was to investigate bacterial colonization of the dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) in Umm Al-Qura University’s Dental Teaching Hospital in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: Eight dental units were selected to collect 48 water samples from DUWls, two samples from each water outlet of the dental unit (handpiece, air-water syringe, and cup-filler water). Each sample (300 ml) was treated with sodium thiosulfate (10 mg /100 ml) and then were filtered using 0.2 µm synthetic filter paper. The filter was then placed on 5% blood agar and incubated for 48 hours at 37 oC incubator. Results: The average number of heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria in the water samples collected from the output of the 8 DUWLs was 57.79 colony-forming unit (CFU) per 300 ml water sample (0.19 CFU/ml). There were no statistically significant differences among CFU among the air/water syringe, the high-speed handpiece cooling water, or the cup filler water (p = 0.791). These findings were -within the acceptable limit according to Egyptian standards for drinking and domestic use of water. Conclusions: The current study has shown the level of CFU in DUWLs is acceptable in the dental care unit water system at Umm Al-Qura University’s dental teaching hospital.
Ijtiḥād in Directing the Complicated Articles in the Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence Ibn Taymiyyah as a case study
Authors: Qassas Jaafar
Published: September 2023

This paper aims to study a group of complicated articles in the principles of Islamic jurisprudence that Taqi al-Din Ibn Taymiyyah dealt with and directed, after reviewing his work thoroughly, the selection fell on four articles, which are: Al-Samaniyah’s article on limiting the perceptions of knowledge to the senses, the article of the majority of the scholars of the principles of Islamic Jurisprudence on the scarcity of the overall memorized text, the article of Al-Shāfiʿī and Ahmad regarding the negation of abrogation of the Qur’an for the Sunnah, And Al-ʿAnbari’s article on correcting every Mujtahid (the one giving an independent reasoning). The paper dealt in each article with three issues: its origin, the point of its complication, and Ibn Taymiyyah’s treatment of it. In studying the articles presented, the researcher adopted the critical analytical approach. This paper concluded that: the distinction of al-Taimi’s work due to the wide reading of articles, and a thorough critic in dealing with the articles at the level of authenticating, reviewing and directing, addressing the complicated issues that the scholars are less exposed to, with the investigation of Ibn Taymiyyah's directives to these articles. The study recommended careful reviewing of articles in this field, investigating their issues, and treating them according to the correct approach, giving observations and correcting them according to contemporary studies, and urging for extensive writing in this field according to Ibn Taymiyyah and other critics of the scholars of this discipline.
Classification Creativity with Abu Mansour Al-Daylami Through the introduction to the Musnad of Paradise An analytical descriptive study
Authors: AlMekhyal Ahmed
Published: September 2023

The topic of the research revolves around highlighting the creative aspects of classification according to Abu Mansour Al-Dailami in the introduction to Musnad Al-Firdaws and aims to demonstrate the efforts of modernists in creating unique methods of classification by looking at his work in the introduction, which indicates his position and the abundance of his knowledge. The research reads the introduction to Abu Mansour's Musnad Al-Firdaws after verifying it in two written copies, analyzing it, and deducing the manifestations of creativity from it. The researcher reached scientific results, most notably the emergence of creativity in Abu Mansour in multiple manifestations: the combination of indexing and the novel; to bring the hadith closer to the people and to include the book with modern, educational, and classification benefits; to refute the rumors of people’s reluctance to read the book of his father al-Firdaws in the time of al-Daylami; to prove their interest in it; as well as to highlight its value and encyclopedia; and other results. The researcher recommended expediting the production of the Musnad of Al-Firdaws by Abu Mansour, verifying it through the available written copies, and highlighting the two books of Al-Firdaws and its Musnad while teaching the graduation courses. It is hoped that the research will be a useful reference in the Hadith Library.
The Grief of Immigrants: Unfolding Complexities of Indian Family in Badami’s The Hero’s Walk
Authors: Shaheen Dr. K , Khan Dr. P. Basheer
Published: September 2023

Anita Rau Badami is a well-known Indian writer who now resides in Canada. She is a member of the Indian Diaspora. She is the author of four books, all of which deal with the complexities of Indian families, immigration difficulties and the cultural gaps that exist between Indians and westerners. The novel The Hero’s Walk addresses several important topics, such as the grief and loss suffered by immigrants. Maya, the story's central character, was born into a Brahmin family in Thoturpuram, moved to Canada for further education, and fell in love with Alan. Unfortunately, after Maya and Alan tied the knot, both of them perished in a car accident, leaving their seven-year-old daughter Nandana as an orphan in an unfamiliar nation. The author Badami does an excellent job of conveying the pain that comes with immigration through this work. This research paper emphasises the tragic, miserable, and pitiful situation of immigrants and their families. Keywords: Grief, Immigrants, Culture, Agony, Family, Assimilation
Synthesis & Spectroscopic Studies of Chalcone Ligand Chelation with Some First Transition Metal’s
Authors: Jawale Dr. Balaji H
Published: September 2023

Some first transition metal [Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II) and Fe(III)] chelation of 3-[3-(4- (Dimethylamino)Phenyl)acryloyl]-4-Hydroxy-6-Methyl-2H-Pyran-2-One Chalcone have been prepared and characterized by spectral and analytical technique’s. The prepared Chalcone act as bidentate for the chelation reaction with Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II) and Fe(III) ions. Thermal investigations also support existence of coordinated water molecule in metal chelate. Lattice water molecules existing in a number of chelates. Powder X-ray diffraction outcomes shows that Mn(II), Fe(III), Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes are Hexagonal with P-type, in addition to Co(II) complex is monoclinic with P-type. Keywords :- Dehydroacetic acid, metal complexes, chalcone, ,
E-WASTE MANAGEMENT USING MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: R JAGAN KUMAR , S SRIDHARSAN , N PRAGADEESHWARAN , K NISHA DEVI
Published: September 2023

-This study introduces an intelligent e- waste management system, leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) integrated into a user-friendly web application. The system employs CNNs for precise image recognition and classification of e-waste items, including organic, metal, glass, clothes, paper, and electronic materials. Users can effortlessly submit e-waste information through the web interface, receiving tailored recommendations for eco-friendly disposal methods. This technology-driven approach aims to revolutionize e-waste management, providing an efficient and sustainable solution for the burgeoning e-waste crisis. Key Words: E-Waste, CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), Image Recognition, Sustainable Disposal and waste management
ALL SADNESS IS NOT DEPRESSION
Authors: Hardy Manisha
Published: September 2023

Sadness is an intense emotion in persons’ life experiences. It is typically characterised by a plethora of feelings like disappointment, loss and failure. Sadness or grief is sometimes described as psychological pain that is accompanied by feeling of loneliness and is characterised by specific behaviour patterns like social withdrawal, slow performance, changes in sleep, fatigue and feeling of worthless or guilt. Some researchers have characterised sadness especially in humans as a constructed emotion (Barrett, 2017) arising from domain- general system of brain, once information from the body and external environment has been contextualised by representations of prior experience. Sadness is a normally experienced emotion that every single person feels in life at soe point. It could be temporary phase or if it persists for a longer period, two weeks or more than it might take the form of depression. All around the globe, millions of people experience sadness or grief at least once in a lifetime. Feeling sad is an integral part of depression but the intensity matters. Reasons for grief or sadness differ from person to person and culture to culture. Depression on the other hand is a mental illness. It can occur in people of any gender or age irrespective of the culture they belong to. Research evidence shows that approximately 280 million people all over the world are suffering from depression every year. Both ICD- 10 and DSM- IV classify clinically important depressive episodes as mild, moderate and severe based on the number, type and severity of symptoms present and degree of functional impairment. In typical depressive episodes of all three variants, the individual usually suffers from depressed mood, loss of interest and reduced energy.
THREE PHASE VOLTAGE AND CURRENT FLUCTUATION RECORDER WITH SINGLE DISPLAY USING MICROCONTROLLER
Authors: SARATHKUMAR Mr.S , DHAKSHINESH Mr.R , RAHUL Mr.R.JAI , SUGAN Mr.M.LAKSHAN , RANJITHKUMAR Mr.T , RAJESH Mr.S
Published: September 2023

-The quality of power supplied is affected by various internal and external factors of the power system. The presence of harmonics, voltage and frequency variations deteriorate the performance of the system. In this paper the frequently occurring power quality problem- voltage variation is discussed. The voltage sag/dip is the most frequently occurring problem. There are many methods to overcome this problem. Among them the use of FACT devices is an efficient one. This paper presents an overview of the FACT devices like- DVR, D-STATCOM, and Auto-Transformer in mitigating voltage sag. All kinds of input parameters will be first converted into voltage level by using proper transducers. Then these voltages are given to the analog input pin of micro controller circuit ATMEGA-16. The port lines are connected to the LCD display. The set pot and key input are connected to the micro controller. The microcontroller senses the voltage level and current level and counts the no of fluctuation status. If enter recall key we can see the no of fluctuations status. Here we develop the circuit with easily available ICs, the operation and installation of our unit is not a risky one. We can easily provide the unit in Main panel Board. Key Words: 3 Phase Power, FACTS, DVR, Current, Voltage Measurement, ATMEGA-16
Microbiota Properties and Texture of Rice Flour Bread with Pineapple Starter
Authors: Danila Icca Ratna , Yanti Rini , Suroto Dian Anggraini
Published: September 2023

Changing the ingredients also can change the properties of the bread. In this study, bread was made using rice flour and sourdough. Sourdough with Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and yeast can also be added with pineapple starter to help microbiota growth. The study aimed to determine the amount of microbiota produced from sourdough with pineapple addition and its effect on the texture of rice flour bread. Pineapples with water and sugar were fermented to make pineapple starter. Pineapple starter is then used in sourdough making and fermented around 3-6 days. The mature sourdough was used in bread making. The addition of pineapple, in the form of a starter, made the pineapple sourdough (PS) have lower pH and higher titratable acidity (TA), total Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), and total yeast than sourdough without the addition of pineapple starter or wheat sourdough (WS). The pH and TA of PS at the peak were 3.25 and 2.67 mL of NaOH. The total LAB of PS at the peak was 9.27 Log CFU/g, and the total yeast was 9.30 Log CFU/g. PS reached its peak on the third day, while wheat sourdough (WS) reached it on the sixth day. The pineapple sourdough bread (PSB) had the lowest specific volume, and the highest texture properties compared to control bread (CB) and wheat sourdough bread (WSB), but there is no significance different. The addition of pineapple starter can fasten the fermentation time of sourdough and made the bread less brittle than CB.
Utilization of Septic Tank Waste to Enhancement the Growth of Spinach in Various Media
Authors: Darmawan Ahmad Arif , Hidayat Akhmad Fatah , Permadi Adib Aditya , Wibowo Hendri , Sambodo Reo , Anwar A.H. Syaeful , Maryanto Joko , Budiono M. Nazarudin , Subantoro Renan , Yulianingsih Eni , Yunianti Ika Ferry
Published: September 2023

Septic tank waste can be used as a new alternative to be used as fertilizer because human excrement contains the availability of nutrients needed by plants. The research aimed to know the effect of liquid organic fertilizers dose, and plant media type of both to increase the growth and the production of plant spinach. The experimental design used was Block Randomized Design factorial with 9 treatments and 3 replicates. The first factor consists of 3 doses of fermented septic tank waste of human feces. Namely doses of 0 mL/plant (K1), 0,4 mL/plant (K2), 0,6 mL/plant (K3). The second factor is the planting medium consisting of 3 kinds of land or control (M0), land + husk charcoal (M1), land + Manure (M2). The observed variables include the number of leaves, plant height, root length, fresh weight of plant, root fresh weight, dry weight, root dry weight of the plant. The results showed that the fermented septic tank waste 0,6 mL (K3) influential real against the number of leaves. Granting planting media differ very markedly against all variable observations i.e. high number of plants, leaves, root length, fresh weight of plant, root fresh weight, dry weight, root dry weight of the plant. All variables are not found the existence of an interaction between fermented septic tank waste with the media.
Characterization of Rubber Seed (Hevea Brasiliensis) as Raw Material for The Production of Biofuel
Authors: Lestari Ayuni , Yerizam Muhammad , Hasan Abu
Published: September 2023

Rubber seeds from the Musi Rawas region in South Sumatra have great potential for rubber seed plantations. However, their utilization has not been maximized and they are often treated as plantation waste. This research aims to obtain the characteristics of rubber seeds as raw materials for biofuel production, so that the rubber seeds from the South Sumatra region can be utilized by the community and not just considered as plantation waste. In the first treatment, the rubber seeds are crushed to obtain the seed coat and the kernel. The crushed rubber seed shells are finely ground and sieved, while the kernel is pressed to extract vegetable oil using a pressing tool. The test methods used to determine the characteristics of the rubber seed shells include proximate analysis and calorific value, while GC-MS analysis is employed for the rubber seed oil. The proximate analysis of the rubber seed shell (RSS) yielded the following results: moisture content of 15.97 wt%, volatile matter of 47.43 wt%, fixed carbon of 32.45 wt%, and ash content of 4.15 wt%. The calorific value of the rubber seed shell was found to be 3312.8694 calories per gram. For the GC-MS yield of the rubber seed oil, the composition is as follows: palmitic acid 7.32%, linoleic acid 34.69%, oleic acid 45.35%, and pentadecanoic acid 8.86%. Based on the obtained results, rubber seeds show promising potential as raw materials for biofuel production through the pyrolysis process.
Nitrogen Fertilizers and Plant Spacing in Organic Rice Cultivation: A Review
Authors: Erythrina Erythrina , Pratiwi Gagad Restu , Agustiani Nurwulan , Nurrahma Arinal Haq Izzawati
Published: September 2023

Organic rice cultivation is one of the technologies developed in Indonesia around two decades ago, but it is not growing as expected. Indeed, organic rice production is considered less effective than conventional farming. This review article explores the role of agronomic factors in organic rice cultivation related to organic nutrient availability and plant spacing. The proposed alternative solutions for using organic inputs to improve soil fertility and increase crop yields are also discussed. The effectiveness of organic fertilizers to chemical fertilizers based on the Rice Agro-advisory Service shows that organic rice has lower yields than conventional farming. The yield reduction ranges between 0.5 and 2.2 t ha−1 or around 9 to 43%, depending on organic amendments and site characteristics. It is also proven that applying high-nitrogen nutrients from organic fertilizers does not increase rice production. Application of nitrogen fertilizers in the right amount and at the correct plant stage  is more essential because it affects the yield component of rice plants. Narrower plant spacing in transplanted organic rice results in higher productivity. An increase in plant population higher than 25 hills m−2 no longer significantly increases rice yields. Among the agronomic factors that affect organic rice cultivation are the diversity of organic amendment in nutrient mineralization, especially nitrogen, according to plant needs, and narrow plant spacing that allows lesser weeds to grow among crop plants. These two agronomic factors need to be considered and applied by farmers to get the optimum growth and yield of organic rice cultivation.
Stress in humanitarian workers: case of the UNHCR office in Senegal
Authors: Dia S A , Mohamed Azhar Salim , Fall M C Gaye , Dieng NB , Ndiaye M
Published: September 2023

No Abstract
Management of intracranial ventriculitis caused by multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: case report and literature review
Authors: Simfukwe Keith , Zhou Y , Han G , Wang L , Liu J
Published: September 2023

Background: We report a case of a male patient in our hospital who developed associated multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumanii (MDRAB) intracrainial ventriculitis and treated using intraventricular (IVT)plus intrathecal(IT) colistin.

Objective: The purpose of our case report is to show case the effectiveness and safety of using intraventricular (IVT) plus intrathecal(IT) colistin in the management of potentially fatal MDRAB associated intracrainial ventriculitis.

Materials and methods: Patient was diagnosed with MDRAB after developing associated symptoms and conducting cerebral spinal fluid(CSF) culture and sensitivity analysis. Colistin 250,000 IU once daily administered via intraventricular plus intrathecal routes for 14 days was prescribed.

Result: Cerebrospinal fluid was collected on the 14th day post commencement of colistin and sterilization was attained.

Conclusion: Colistin is a potentially effective and safe therapy for  the treatment of MDRAB intracrainial ventriculitis.
Medical Prescription Pitfalls of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections in Government Healthcare Facilities in Zambia
Authors: Besa C , Siziya S
Published: September 2023

Objectives: The aim of this evaluation was to identify pitfalls in medical prescriptions of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in government healthcare facilities in Zambia.Design: This was a cross sectional and government healthcare facilities were conveniently sampled.Main outcome measures: Rate of compliance to Zambia national prescribing guidelines.Results: A total of 42 (75.0%) out of 56 students participated in the survey of whom 66.7% were males. Findings in this study has demonstrated significant drug misuse and over-prescription as participants were healthy individuals. Only 75.6% of prescriptions indicated patient's name and very small proportions of prescriptions (11.5%) indicated patients' address. In addition, relatively small proportion of prescriptions (68.8%) had generic names and many prescriptions (58.1%) had large blank spaces left. Furthermore, relatively large proportion of prescriptions were not signed (10.7%) and not dated (12.0%). Almost half of the prescriptions (47.6%) did not show prescribers' names and only small proportions of prescriptions had precribers' identification number (24.0%) and address or department (21.5%) indicated. Conclusions: Overall, the evaluation has shown poor prescribing practices and not in compliance with national prescribing guidelines among prescribers in government healthcare facilities in Zambia.
Uluslararası Finansal Raporlama Standartları ve Muhasebe Muhafazakârlığı Üzerine Yapılan Çalışmaların Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: ATASEL Oğuz Yusuf
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Uluslararası Finansal Raporlama Standartları (UFRS) ve muhasebe muhafazakârlığı üzerine yapılan çalışmaları bibliyometrik analiz yardımıyla araştırmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda 2012-2021 yılları arasında söz konusu alanlarda yapılan çalışmalar Scopus veri tabanında incelenmiştir. Bibliyometrik analiz kapsamında ilgili alandaki çalışmalar incelenirken belirli kriterler dikkate alınmıştır. Söz konusu kriterlerden bazıları; yayın türü, yayın sayısı (ülkelere göre, kurum ve kuruluşlara göre vb.), bilimsel etki (atıflar, alan ağırlıklı atıflar vb.) şeklinde sıralanabilir. Çalışmanın sonucunda UFRS ve muhasebe muhafazakârlığı alanlarında toplam 2 348 yayın yapıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmaların yüzde 33’u uluslararası işbirliği şeklinde yapılmıştır. Ayrıca en fazla yayının makale türünde (1 945 adet) yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. 2012-2021 yılları arasında söz konusu alanlardaki çalışmalara toplam 24 329 atıf olmuştur. Söz konusu alanlarda en fazla yayına yer veren dergi ise Australian Accounting Review (64 yayın ile) olmuştur. Ancak atıf bakımından ise Journal of Accounting and Economics (30 yayına) dergisindeki yayınlara en fazla atıf (2 556 atıf) yapılmıştır. Bu alanlarda en fazla atıf (477 atıf ile) alan yayın ise Leuz ve Wysocki (2016) tarafından kaleme alınmıştır. UFRS ve muhasebe muhafazakârlığı alanlarında en fazla yayın yapan yazar Christopher W. Nobes (15 yayın) olmuştur. Fakat söz konusu alanlarda en fazla atıf alan yazar ise Christian Leuz (4 yayına 1 230 atıf) olduğu belirlenmiştir. UFRS ve muhasebe muhafazakârlığı alanlarında en fazla yayın yapan kuruluş ise Universidade de São Paulo (38 yayın) olmuştur.
Naar een eenduidig Europees kader om platformwerkers in precaire werkomstandigheden te beschermen
Authors: van Rosmalen G.L.H.
Published: September 2023

Naar een eenduidig Europees kader om platformwerkers in precaire werkomstandigheden te beschermen

Dit artikel analyseert het arrest van de Hoge Raad in de Deliveroo-zaak en de implicaties ervan voor de Europese regulering van platformwerk. Het onderstreept de behoefte aan een eenduidig kader op Europees niveau om sociale bescherming en rechten voor platformwerkers te waarborgen. Het bespreekt de uiteenlopende benaderingen van verschillende lidstaten en de huidige inzet van de Europese instellingen om tot een richtlijn te komen. Het artikel concludeert dat een effectieve regulering essentieel is voor zowel platformwerkers als voor de sociale dimensie van de Europese Unie.

HR 24 maart 2023, ECLI:NL:HR:2023:443.
ОСВІТНЄ СЕРЕДОВИЩЕ МАРКЕТОЛОГІВ У ЦИФРОВОМУ СВІТІ
Authors: Марченко Світлана , Дименко Руслан , Гонка Теллі Ямамото
Published: September 2023

Освітнє середовище для маркетологів у цифровому світі передбачає низку ключових аспектів, які важливо враховувати, а саме: цифрові технології, аналітику та вимірювання, стратегічне мислення, творчість та інновації, комунікаційні навички, брендування та позиціонування, навички управління проєктами, постійне навчання та адаптація. Цифровий світ надає безліч можливостей для маркетологів, проте він також ставить перед ними виклики. Освітнє середовище маркетологів у цифровому світі передбачає постійне оновлення знань та вмінь у використанні нових цифрових інструментів і стратегій маркетингу, глибоке розуміння цифрової аудиторії, її поведінки та очікувань, а також уміння адаптуватися до швидких змін у технологіях та платформах. Маркетологи в цифровому світі повинні бути готовими до постійного навчання, адаптації та розвитку своїх навичок, щоб ефективно працювати в швидкозмінному цифровому середовищі та досягати маркетингових цілей. Метою статті є узагальнення форм, цілей, можливостей освітньої діяльності маркетологів у цифровому світі з поглибленим обґрунтуванням кожного з напрямків. Визначено, що цифрове освітнє середовище має ряд переваг та недоліків, які необхідно враховувати з метою коректного застосування. Однак важливо не забувати про необхідність забезпечення міжособистісних взаємин та соціальної взаємодії для забезпечення повноцінного розвитку здобувачів спеціальності «Маркетинг».
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF COERCION IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE ADMINISTRATION: THE LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CONVICTION
Authors: Jankal Radoslav , Blikhar Viacheslav , Syrovackyi Valerii
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes public administration as a complex process, the effectiveness of which must be ensured by a set of measures aimed at the state's performance of its functions. It is noted that the state is the organizer of social life, and it exercises its organizing influence through the exercise of power. That is, the state, through the adoption of laws, establishes norms of behavior in various spheres of society's life, and a person, obeying them, gets opportunities for development. However, not all citizens and persons who are in the territory of a certain state obey the legal state requirements, realizing the need to observe the established rules and models of behavior to achieve the common good. It is substantiated that legal nihilism, unlawful and deviant behavior, accompanied by the commission of a large number of offenses and crimes, negatively affect the state's ability to perform the functions assigned to it, to effectively carry out public administration. That is why today it is extremely important not only to find methods and methods that will increase the efficiency of state administration but also to find out their philosophical and legal foundations. This will make it possible to outline the philosophical foundations of the method or method itself, and will also help to reduce the level of its negative perception by society in general and by individual people or social groups in particular. In this context, it has been proven that one of such methods is state coercion as an activity of state bodies and officials authorized by law, which is carried out by influencing the physical, mental, organizational, or property state of legal subjects, with the aim of universally binding conscious fulfillment of requirements law, restoration of violated rights, as well as preventive activities of law enforcement agencies. On the basis of the conducted analysis, the data of the study were systematized, according to which the purpose of applying state coercion is to restore violated rights. That is when one person violates the rights and freedoms of another person or group of people, the state is obliged to respond to such actions. The state's reaction should be to restore the violated rights and freedoms as soon as possible and apply appropriate coercive measures to the offender.
Morphological and Anatomical Studies on Some Members of Araceae of North Bengal
Authors: Karmakar Biswanath , Chakraborty Rakhi , Roy Swarnendu
Published: September 2023

The present study aimed to characterize eight edible members of the family Araceae on the basis of their morphological and anatomical characteristics. The petiole length, leaf size, and corm size varied widely across the studied members. Significant variations in the stomatal index, stomatal length, and width were observed, although all were of paracytic type with elliptical to circular shapes. Leaf epidermal cells were found to be polygonal or puzzle shaped. Mesophyll cells were non-distinguishable as palisade or spongy parenchyma. The root vascular bundles were found to be exarch, either arranged circularly or remaining scattered in the ground tissue. Pith was also observed, either large, centrally located, or scattered. Petiole anatomy showed scattered vascular bundles with collateral xylem and phloem in almost all the species, except Ol Kochu, Panchmukhi Kochu, and Ghot Kochu. Presence of tannins was observed in the petioles of all the species, whereas calcium oxalate crystals in the form of raphides were found to be present in some members. Water vessels, either large or small were found in the petioles of all the species. The number of parenchyma cells varied from 2 to 6 depending on the species. All the morphological and anatomical characteristics would help identify the eight members of Araceae and provide information for future studies with them.