bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of modeled global carbon dynamics: analysis based on global carbon flux and above-ground biomass data
Authors: Xue Bao-Lin , Guo Qinghua , Hu Tianyu , Wang Yongcai , Tao Shengli , Sun Yanjun , Liu Jin , Zhao Xiaoqian
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Dynamic global vegetation models are useful tools for the simulation of carbon dynamics on regional and global scales. However, even the most validated models are usually hampered by the poor availability of global biomass data in the model validation, especially on regional/global scales. Here, taking the integrated biosphere simulator model (IBIS) as an example, we evaluated the modeled carbon dynamics, including gross primary production (GPP) and potential above-ground biomass (AGB), on the global scale. The IBIS model was constrained by both in situ GPP and plot-level AGB data collected from the literature. Independent validation showed that IBIS could reproduce GPP and evapotranspiration with acceptable accuracy at site and global levels. On the global scale, the IBIS-simulated total AGB was similar to those obtained in other studies. However, discrepancies were observed between the model-derived and observed spatial patterns of AGB for Amazonian forests. The differences among the AGB spatial patterns were mainly caused by the single-parameter set of the model used. This study showed that different meteorological inputs can also introduce substantial differences in AGB on the global scale. Further analysis showed that this difference is small compared with parameter-induced differences. The conclusions of our research highlight the necessity of considering the heterogeneity of key model physiological parameters in modeling global AGB. The research also shows that to simulate large-scale carbon dynamics, both carbon flux and AGB data are necessary to constrain the model. The main conclusions of our research will help to improve model simulations of global carbon cycles.
Transcontinental Links, Enlarged Maps, and Polycentric Structures in the History of World Christianity
Authors: Koschorke Klaus
Published: April 2016

The new global situation of Christianity requires new historiographical approaches. This article presents and reflects upon the approach developed by the “Munich School of World Christianity,” which is guided by three leading principles: (1) the urgent need for new and enlarged maps of the global history of Christianity—which will enable us to describe the different denominational, regional, and cultural expressions of Christianity as part of a greater whole; (2) an awareness of “polycentric structures” throughout the history of world Christianity—not only in its most recent period but from its very beginnings; and (3) paying proper attention to transregional links and the resulting concept of a global history of Christianity as a history of multidirectional transcontinental interactions, which include early instances of South–South connections. A future history of world Christianity should pay close attention to these principles and rely on intensified interdisciplinary and cross-cultural cooperation.
A Response to Klaus Koschorke’s “Transcontinental Links, Enlarged Maps, and Polycentric Structures in the History of World Christianity”
Authors: Daniels David D.
Published: April 2016

This response to Klaus Koschorke’s contribution to this issue profiles the new historiographical approach of the Munich School of World Christianity as a fresh perspective of study. Embracing a comparative studies approach to map the polycenters in Christianity’s global history, the Munich School in its comparative studies accents the similarities and dissimilarities between different ancient and new local Christian communities that might be connected by expanding and retracting networks. Focusing on multidirectional transcontinental interactions and exchanges, Koschorke and the Munich School ask: What are the South–South linkages created by “indigenous” or non-Western Christians? What are the nonwhite North-South linkages? With these new questions and the interrogations of new primary sources, they call us to widen our lenses, broaden the discussion, and deepen the analysis of the study of world Christianity.
Current Debates About the Approach of the “Munich School” and Further Perspectives on the Interdisciplinary Study of the History of World Christianity
Authors: Hermann Adrian , Burlacioiu Ciprian
Published: April 2016

The research projects and publications of Klaus Koschorke and the “Munich School of World Christianity” have sparked intense debate over the last two decades. The first section of this article discusses some of these reactions and critiques, as well as Koschorke’s responses. It addresses questions about the idea of “polycentricity,” alternative ways of conceptualizing a variety of Christian centers, the relationship of Koschorke’s approach to the concept of transculturation, and the need for greater diversity and inclusiveness in scholarly perspectives. The second section outlines some important issues regarding challenges and further perspectives for writing a history of world Christianity in the future. It touches on the question of the geographic horizon(s) of this approach, debates about “transmission” and “appropriation,” and the role of the anthropology of Christianity in describing the fluid character of Christian movements. In addition, it addresses the problem of how to relate the history of world Christianity to a global history of religion, as well as the importance of considering issues of migration as central to our understanding of Christianity.
Publicizing Independence: The Filipino Ilustrado Isabelo de los Reyes and the “Iglesia Filipina Independiente” in a Colonial Public Sphere
Authors: Hermann Adrian
Published: April 2016

On August 3, 1902, Isabelo de los Reyes y Florentino (1864–1938) proclaimed the establishment of an independent Philippine church, the Iglesia Filipina Independiente (IFI). Some of its activists (and later de los Reyes himself) soon began to publish two periodicals that served as the church’s official organs, containing important documents such as its constitution and pastoral letters. In this article I argue that these publications were of central importance to the IFI in its early years. They gave it a public voice, allowing it to bring its own concerns and interpretations of events to the Philippine public sphere. In doing so, the writers, especially de los Reyes, engaged in debates with other contemporary periodicals such as the Dominican friars’ Libertas and Pedro A. Paterno’s La Patria. At the same time, and in addition to these local concerns, these early IFI publications were essential to presenting the new Filipino national church as part of a global Christian community and to establishing the first contacts with other independent Catholic movements in Asia and beyond.
Protestant German Immigrants in Brazil and the Importance of Historical Anthropology for the Study of World Christianity
Authors: Spliesgart Roland
Published: April 2016

A history of world Christianity as envisioned by the “Munich School of World Christianity” makes it necessary to look for new methods that are appropriate to these new perspectives. When cooperating with scholars from anthropology, sociology, and religious studies, the historian of Christianity is confronted with the central importance of taking into account small-scale realities and micro-level perspectives. In this article I present examples from the history of a group of German Protestant immigrants in Brazil, drawing on the concept of “historical anthropology” to highlight the culturally influenced character of all structures and actions in everyday circumstances and forms of life. I explore instances of “acculturation” in the lives of these “Brazilianized” Protestant immigrants and show how they, on the one hand, expressed themselves in their Brazilian context and, on the other hand, established their own form of Protestant Christianity in Brazil.
Discrimination and Integration of the Dalits in Early Modern South Indian Missions: The Historical Origins of a Major Challenge for Today’s Christians
Authors: Aranha Paolo
Published: April 2016

The persistence of caste hierarchies and discrimination among the Christian faithful is one of the challenges that churches still face in India. While several studies have been devoted to the relation between caste and Christianity since the nineteenth century, the early modern period has attracted very limited attention. This article proposes junctures and figures that can illustrate the various approaches toward caste divisions held by the Catholic missionaries in India between the sixteenth and the eighteenth centuries, namely, from the establishment of the Portuguese presence on the subcontinent until the Malabar Rites controversy. In particular, the article will suggest that, if missionary adaption (accommodatio) was based primarily on the incorporation of caste structures within the Church, unsuccessful attempts were made to root Christianity in the Indian context while criticizing local social hierarchies contradicting Christian values.
Cobro de servicios aeroportuarios a aeronaves privadas en el Aeropuerto Internacional Toncontín
Authors: Matamoros Alex , Orlando Ramos José
Published: April 2016

Los cobros por servicios aeroportuarios en el Aeropuerto Internacional Toncontín, se derivan de la aplicación de la Ley de Aeronáutica Civil y del contrato de Concesión que el Estado tiene con la Empresa Interairport; el hacer efectivos estos cobros corresponde a la Concesionaria en coordinación con la Agencia Hondureña de Aeronáutica Civil. Este artículo analiza las razones por las cuáles estos cobros no se dan con un cien por ciento de efectividad. La intención de fondo del análisis es descubrir los obstáculos que están disminuyendo el porcentaje de cobros y que pueden obstruir otros cobros y otras coordinaciones entre la Concesionaria y la Agencia Hondureña de Aeronáutica Civil (AHAC), que se deben hacer en condiciones similares.Revista Ciencias Espaciales, Vol.6(1) 2013, 109-125
Academic English Teaching for Postgraduates Based on Self-regulated Learning Environment: A Case Study of Academic Reading Course
Authors: Zhao Wei
Published: April 2016

This study selects postgraduate students in the first grade as the participants, based on their needs analysis, classroom presentations and performance of assignments completion, through the methodology of case study, the results show that students at the university level even the graduate levels still struggle with academic English. Thus, this study focuses on foreign language teachers how to guide postgraduate students in academic reading course, so as to implement students’ self-regulated learning strategies and enhance their motivations, as well as how the students to adjust to experience and respond to the teaching process through the adjustment. Accordingly, we theoretically construct self-regulated teaching and learning environment, expectations for enlightenment to the teaching practices of academic English instructions, especially in reading academic journal articles in English. The future direction should be towards to assessing and applying the learning environment model.
Transient Ischemic Attack After Foam Sclerotherapy in a Woman With a Patent Foramen Ovale
Authors: Kim Michael , Niroumandpour Mehrdad , Poustinchian Brian
Published: April 2016

Sclerotherapy is an increasingly popular treatment modality for patients with chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins. Potential complications of foam sclerotherapy include cerebrovascular accidents and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). We report the case of a 55-year-old woman who had a TIA shortly after undergoing foam sclerotherapy. She had presented for treatment with no confirmed risk factors for microemboli formation or thrombus. After the procedure, however, she had transient visual loss, dysarthria, confusion, and frontal headache, which resolved within 30 minutes of onset. A subsequent diagnosis of a patent foramen ovale was thought to have put her at risk for TIA in the setting of foam sclerotherapy. Osteopathic physicians should be aware of the potential for neurologic sequelae after foam sclerotherapy and inform patients prior to consent.
Ectopic expression ofJatropha curcas APETALA1(JcAP1) caused early flowering in Arabidopsis, but not in Jatropha
Authors: Tang Mingyong , Tao Yan-Bin , Xu Zeng-Fu
Published: April 2016

Jatropha curcasis a promising feedstock for biofuel production because Jatropha oil is highly suitable for the production of biodiesel and bio-jet fuels. However, Jatropha exhibits a low seed yield as a result of unreliable and poor flowering.APETALA1(AP1) is a floral meristem and organ identity gene in higher plants. The flower meristem identity genes of Jatropha have not yet been identified or characterized. To better understand the genetic control of flowering in Jatropha, anAP1homolog (JcAP1) was isolated from Jatropha. An amino acid sequence analysis of JcAP1 revealed a high similarity to the AP1 proteins of other perennial plants.JcAP1was expressed in inflorescence buds, flower buds, sepals and petals. The highest expression level was observed during the early developmental stage of the flower buds. The overexpression ofJcAP1using the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter resulted in extremely early flowering and abnormal flowers in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Several flowering genes downstream ofAP1were up-regulated in theJcAP1-overexpressing transgenic plant lines. Furthermore,JcAP1overexpression rescued the phenotype caused by the Arabidopsis AP1 loss-of-function mutantap1-11. Therefore,JcAP1is an ortholog ofAtAP1,which plays a similar role in the regulation of flowering in Arabidopsis. However, the overexpression ofJcAP1in Jatropha using the same promoter resulted in little variation in the flowering time and floral organs, indicating thatJcAP1may be insufficient to regulate flowering by itself in Jatropha. This study helps to elucidate the function ofJcAP1and contributes to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of flower development in Jatropha.
The Phobos neutral and ionized torus
Authors: Poppe A. R. , Curry S. M. , Fatemi S.
Published: April 2016

Charged particle sputtering, micrometeoroid impact vaporization, and photon‐stimulated desorption are fundamental processes operating at airless surfaces throughout the solar system. At larger bodies, such as Earth's Moon and several of the outer planet moons, these processes generate tenuous surface‐bound exospheres that have been observed by a variety of methods. Phobos and Deimos, in contrast, are too gravitationally weak to keep ejected neutrals bound and, thus, are suspected to generate neutral tori in orbit around Mars. While these tori have not yet been detected, the distribution and density of both the neutral and ionized components are of fundamental interest. We combine a neutral Monte Carlo model and a hybrid plasma model to investigate both the neutral and ionized components of the Phobos torus. We show that the spatial distribution of the neutral torus is highly dependent on each individual species (due to ionization rates that span nearly 4 orders of magnitude) and on the location of Phobos with respect to Mars. Additionally, we present the flux distribution of torus pickup ions throughout the Martian system and estimate typical pickup ion fluxes. We find that the predicted pickup ion fluxes are too low to perturb the ambient plasma, consistent with previous null detections by spacecraft around Mars.
Feasibility study for reconstructing the spatial‐temporal structure of TIDs from high‐resolution backscatter ionograms
Authors: Nickisch L. J. , Fridman Sergey , Hausman Mark , San Antonio Geoffrey S.
Published: April 2016

Over‐the‐horizon radar (OTHR) utilizes the reflective “sky wave” property of the ionosphere for high‐frequency radiowaves to illuminate targets at ranges extending to several thousand kilometers. However, the ionospheric “mirror” is not static but exhibits geographic, diurnal, seasonal, and solar cycle variations. NorthWest Research Associates has developed an ionospheric data assimilation capability called Global Positioning Satellite Ionospheric Inversion (GPSII; pronounced “gypsy”) that allows real‐time modeling of the ionospheric structure for the purpose of accurate coordinate registration (CR; OTHR geolocation). However, the ionosphere is routinely subjected to traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs), and the deflection of HF sky wave signals by unmodeled TIDs remains a troubling source of CR errors (tens of kilometers). Traditional OTHR tools for ionospheric sounding (vertical and backscatter ionograms) do not resolve the fine spatial structure associated with TIDs. The collection of backscatter ionograms using the full aperture of the OTHR was recently demonstrated, thus providing enhanced resolution in radar azimuth in comparison with conventional OTHR backscatter soundings that utilize only a fraction of the OTHR receiver array. Leading edges of such backscatter ionograms demonstrate prominent spatial features associated with TIDs. We investigate the feasibility of recovering TID perturbations of ionospheric electron density from high‐resolution backscatter ionograms. We incorporated a model of naturally occurring TIDs into a numerical ray tracing code that allows the generation of synthetic OTHR data. We augmented GPSII to assimilate time series of full‐aperture backscatter ionogram leading edge data. Results of the simulation show that GPSII is able to reproduce the TID structure used to generate the backscatter ionograms reasonably well.
Development and Characterization of Organic Electronic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Iandolo Donata , Ravichandran Akhilandeshwari , Liu Xianjie , Wen Feng , Chan Jerry K. Y. , Berggren Magnus , Teoh Swee‐Hin , Simon Daniel T.
Published: April 2016

Bones have been shown to exhibit piezoelectric properties, generating electrical potential upon mechanical deformation and responding to electrical stimulation with the generation of mechanical stress. Thus, the effects of electrical stimulation on bone tissue engineering have been extensively studied. However, in bone regeneration applications, only few studies have focused on the use of electroactive 3D biodegradable scaffolds at the interphase with stem cells. Here a method is described to combine the bone regeneration capabilities of 3D‐printed macroporous medical grade polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds with the electrical and electrochemical capabilities of the conducting polymer poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). PCL scaffolds have been highly effective in vivo as bone regeneration grafts, and PEDOT is a leading material in the field of organic bioelectronics, due to its stability, conformability, and biocompatibility. A protocol is reported for scaffolds functionalization with PEDOT, using vapor‐phase polymerization, resulting in a conformal conducting layer. Scaffolds' porosity and mechanical stability, important for in vivo bone regeneration applications, are retained. Human fetal mesenchymal stem cells proliferation is assessed on the functionalized scaffolds, showing the cytocompatibility of the polymeric coating. Altogether, these results show the feasibility of the proposed approach to obtain electroactive scaffolds for electrical stimulation of stem cells for regenerative medicine.
Targeted siRNA Delivery Using a Lipo‐Oligoaminoamide Nanocore with an Influenza Peptide and Transferrin Shell
Authors: Zhang Wei , Müller Katharina , Kessel Eva , Reinhard Sören , He Dongsheng , Klein Philipp M. , Höhn Miriam , Rödl Wolfgang , Kempter Susanne , Wagner Ernst
Published: April 2016

Developing RNA‐interference‐based therapeutic approaches with efficient and targeted cytosolic delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) is remaining a critical challenge since two decades. Herein, a multifunctional transferrin receptor (TfR)‐targeted siRNA delivery system (Tf&INF7) is designed based on siRNA complexes formed with the cationic lipo‐oligoamino amide 454, sequentially surface‐modified with polyethylene glycol‐linked transferrin (Tf) for receptor targeting and the endosomolytic peptide INF7 for efficient cytosolic release of the siRNA. Effective Tf&INF7 polyplex internalization and target gene silencing are demonstrated for the TfR overexpressing tumor cell lines (K562, D145, and N2a). Treatment with antitumoral EG5 siRNA results in a block of tumor cell growth and triggered apoptosis. Tf‐modified polyplexes are far more effective than the corresponding albumin‐ (Alb) or nonmodified 454 polyplexes. Competition experiments with excess of Tf demonstrate TfR target specificity. As alternative to the ligand Tf, an anti‐murine TfR antibody is incorporated into the polyplexes for specific targeting and gene silencing in the murine N2a cell line. In vivo distribution studies not only demonstrate an enhanced tumor residence of siRNA in N2a tumor‐bearing mice with the Tf&INF7 as compared to the 454 polyplex group but also a reduced siRNA nanoparticle stability limiting the in vivo performance.
Tuning Cell Differentiation into a 3D Scaffold Presenting a Pore Shape Gradient for Osteochondral Regeneration
Authors: Di Luca Andrea , Lorenzo‐Moldero Ivan , Mota Carlos , Lepedda Antonio , Auhl Dietmar , Van Blitterswijk Clemens , Moroni Lorenzo
Published: April 2016

Osteochondral regeneration remains nowadays a major problem since the outcome of current techniques is not satisfactory in terms of functional tissue formation and development. A possible solution is the combination of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with additive manufacturing technologies to fabricate scaffolds with instructive properties. In this study, the differentiation of hMSCs within a scaffold presenting a gradient in pore shape is presented. The variation in pore shape is determined by varying the angle formed by the fibers of two consequent layers. The fiber deposition patterns are 0–90, which generate squared pores, 0–45, 0–30, and 0–15, that generate rhomboidal pores with an increasing major axis as the deposition angle decreases. Within the gradient construct, squared pores support a better chondrogenic differentiation whereas cells residing in the rhomboidal pores display a better osteogenic differentiation. When cultured under osteochondral conditions the trend in both osteogenic and chondrogenic markers is maintained. Engineering the pore shape, thus creating axial gradients in structural properties, seems to be an instructive strategy to fabricate functional 3D scaffolds that are able to influence hMSCs differentiation for osteochondral tissue regeneration.
Electrophilic Bromolactonization of Cyclopropyl Carboxylic Acids Using Lewis Basic Sulfide Catalyst
Authors: Ke Zhihai , Wong Ying‐Chieh , See Jie Yang , Yeung Ying‐Yeung
Published: April 2016

A highly facile and efficient electrophilic bromolactonization of cyclopropylcarboxylic acids could be effected by a Lewis basic sulfide catalyst. Mechanistic studies performed revealed that the cyclopropane substrates could undergo radical bromination upon exposure to light, yielding a mixture of regioisomers. In stark contrast, the Lewis basic sulfide catalyst could promote the electrophilic bromolactonization and yield the Markovnikov product exclusively.

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Models of drug addiction: Theories and future applications in prevention and treatment
Authors: Palmer Rohan , McGeary John
Published: April 2016

Despite advances in addiction research toward greater understanding of etiology, drug use and misuse continue to exact enormous costs on society in the form of treatment costs, medical costs, and lost productivity. This is in large part a result of the exposure of teens and young adults to substances of abuse at a critical time in their development, when their brains have not yet fully developed and are most susceptible to the negative impacts of drug exposure (https://www.drugabuse.gov/news‐events/news‐releases/2015/07/nida‐niaaa‐commentary‐strongly‐supports‐brain‐disease‐model‐addiction).
Elevated depression risk in children exposed to SSRIs in utero
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: April 2016

Researchers studied the effect of gestational exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on the neurodevelopment of offspring and found an elevated risk for depression. They wanted to look at any differences between the possible effects of the maternal depression for which the SSRIs are prescribed and the SSRIs themselves.
In era of legalization, how should society protect children from harms of marijuana?
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: April 2016

The director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), Nora Volkow, M.D., closed a two‐day seminar on public health and marijuana in March by noting that two legal drugs — alcohol and tobacco — can be deadly. Alcohol is the third‐leading cause of death worldwide, and tobacco's relationship to cancer and other diseases is well‐known. “We don't want to emulate alcohol and tobacco,” Volkow said, addressing the audience of researchers and policymakers.
Palladium‐Nanoparticles‐Intercalated Montmorillonite Clay: A Green Catalyst for the Solvent‐Free Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Squalene
Authors: Soni Vineet Kumar , Sharma Rakesh K.
Published: April 2016

Squalane is an important ingredient in the cosmetic, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. It has also been used as a model compound for the hydrocracking of crude and microalgae oil. Thus, a series of green heterogeneous metal catalysts were prepared to achieve complete hydrogenation of highly unsaturated squalene into squalane. Surface modification of the clay and metal intercalation simultaneously occurred during wet impregnation. The Pd‐nanoparticles‐intercalated clay with a dominating Pd(1 1 1) facet showed the highest reactivity and selectivity. The catalyst was stable with very low Pd leaching (≈0.03 ppm) and was recyclable without losing any significant catalytic activity.
ChemInform Abstract: CRYSTAL GROWTH AND STRUCTURE OF HOLMIUM IRON (HO2FE17) AND HOLMIUM IRON (HO2CO17)
Authors: CHRISTENSEN A. N. , HAZELL R. G.
Published: April 2016

Einkristalle der Legierungen (I)‐(VII) werden in einem kalten Tiegel nach der Czochralski‐Methode oder in BN‐ Tiegeln nach der Bridgman‐Methode gezogen.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMOCHEMISTRY OF THE SYSTEM MGO‐NIO
Authors: NUESSLER H. D. + , KUBASCHEWSKI O.
Published: April 2016

Wie die mit einem adiabatischen Hochtemp.‐Kalorimeter bei 700 und 1300°C bestimmten Bildungsenthalpien der MgO‐NiO‐Mischkristalle zeigen, ist das System nahezu ideal.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMODYNAMICS OF FORMATION OF AZIDE COMPLEXES OF IRON(III)
Authors: AVSAR E.
Published: April 2016

Die thermodynamischen Funktionen für die stufenweise Bildung von F e(III)‐azid‐Komplexen werden in wäßrigem Medium der Ionenstärke 1 (NaClO4) bei 25°C bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: INFRARED STUDIES OF GLASS FILMS EXPOSED TO AMMONIA, PHOSPHINE, AND HYDROGEN SULFIDE
Authors: NELSON B. N. , EXARHOS G. J.
Published: April 2016

Mit Hilfe der IR‐Spektroskopie werden die Oberflächenspezies identifiziert, die sich bilden, wenn dünne Ag‐ und Hg‐metaphosphat‐Glasfilme unterhalb 100°C H2‐, NH3‐, PH3 ‐ oder H2 S‐Atmosphären ausgesetzt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: THE DEHYDRATION OF NICKEL SULFATE
Authors: FRIESEN M. , BURT H. M. , MITCHELL A. G.
Published: April 2016

NiSO4 ‐ 7 H2O, β‐NiSO4 ‐ 6 H2O sowie α‐NiSO4 ′ 6 H2 O‐Kristalle von verschiedenem Habitus werden durch Umkristallisieren dargestellt und ihre Dehydratation und Phasenumwandlungen röntgenographisch, differentialscanningkalorimetrisch sowie durch Gasanalyse untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PERIODATE OXIDATION OF CU(II) AND CU(0) IN ALKALINE MEDIUM
Authors: UPRETI D. D. , MISHRA R. , AGARWAL R. P.
Published: April 2016

Ein‐rötlich‐brauner, bereits früher in Gegenwart von Oxidationsmitteln wie S2O82‐ oder ClO‐ aus Cu(II) und IO4‐ in alkalischer Lösung erhaltener Diperiodatocuprat(III)‐Komplex, bildet sich in stark alkalischen Cu(II)‐Lösungen allein in Gegenwart von IO4‐(4·10‐4M Cu2+, 0.2 M KOH, 0.1 M KIO4).
ChemInform Abstract: Σ2‐N′, μ2‐N, η2‐C:N COORDINATION AS THE ACTIVATING STEP IN THE CARBON‐CARBON BOND FORMATION BETWEEN TWO α‐DIIMINES IN DINUCLEAR RUTHENIUM CARBONYL COMPLEXES. X‐RAY STRUCTURE OF TETRACARBONYLBIS(GLYOXALBIS(ISOPROPYLIMINE))DIRUTHENIUM
Authors: STAAL L. H. , POLM L. H. , BALK R. W. , VAN KOTEN G. , VRIEZE K. , BROUWERS A. M. F.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktion von Ru3(CO)" mit den Diazabutadienliganden (I) im Molverhältnis 2:3 liefert die zweikernigen Komplexe (II) mit (Mr‐Koordination, die isostrukturell mit den bereits bekannten analogen‐,aus Fe, ‐ (CO)9 und (I) erhaltenen Fe‐Verbindungen sind.
ChemInform Abstract: MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND LIGAND‐EXCHANGE REACTIONS OF TRICHLOROTRIS(TERT‐BUTYL ISOCYANIDE)VANADIUM(III). SYNTHESIS OF THE HEXAKIS(TERT‐BUTYL ISOCYANIDE)VANADIUM(II) CATION
Authors: SILVERMAN L. D. , DEWAN J. C. , GIANDOMENICO C. M. , LIPPARD S. J.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktion zwischen V‐trichlorid und tert.‐Butylisocyanid in Methylen‐ Chlorid führt zu dem mer‐Komplex (I) und nicht zu einem Einschiebungsprodukt.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROCHEMICAL ADAMANTYLATION OF N‐HETEROCYCLES
Authors: HESS U. , HUHN D. , LUND H.
Published: April 2016

Elektrochemisch aus N‐Heterocyclen wie z.B. dem Chinolin (IIa) erzeugte Anionradikale reagieren mit Adamantyl‐(l)‐ bromid zum 2‐substituierten Derivat (III).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF DIFLUORODICHLOROMETHANE WITH HYDROCARBONS
Authors: SCHMIDT H. , BURTZLAFF CH. , MASUHR H. , OHL J. , PEHLE W. , SCHMOZ G. , SUPPAN R. , TETZNER W.
Published: April 2016

Folgende Kohlenwasserstoffe (KW) wurden eingesetzt: CnHz "+2 (n = 10, 12,14,16), 2,2,4,4,6‐Pentamethylheptan, Cyclooctan, Isopropyl‐, Butylbenzol, Cyclopenten, ‐hexen, Hexen‐(l), Octen‐( 1), Norbornen.
ChemInform Abstract: HYDROLYTIC BEHAVIOR OF TWO β‐LACTAMS AND THEIR CORRESPONDING IMIDATE SALTS. NEW EVIDENCE FOR STEREOELECTRONIC CONTROL
Authors: DESLONGCHAMPS P. , CARON M.
Published: April 2016

Während das markierte Lactam (IIa) von NaOH in Wasser/Dioxan leicht hydrolysiert wird [→(IV)] und kein Carbonyl‐Sauerstoff‐Austausch dabei erfolgt [keine Bildung von (Ia)], wird unter gleichen Bedingungen das Analoge (IIb) weder hydrolysiert, noch erfolgt ein O‐Austausch; beides findet jedoch beim Erhitzen von (IIb) mit NaOH in H2O (Abwesenheit von Dioxan) statt [→(V) + (Ib)].
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOHEXADIENONES. 3. PREPARATION AND THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF 4‐AZIDO‐2,4,6‐TRI‐TERT‐BUTYL‐2,5‐CYCLOHEXADIEN‐1‐ONE
Authors: FUKATA G. , SAKAMOTO N. , TASHIRO M.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem Bromcyclohexadienon (I) erhält man mit Natriumazid das Azidocyclohexadienon (II).
ChemInform Abstract: VIBRATIONAL ENERGY TRANSFER PROBABILITIES OF HIGHLY VIBRATIONALLY EXCITED FLUOROETHANE AND 1,2‐DIFLUOROETHANE MOLECULES
Authors: RICHMOND G. , SETSER D. W.
Published: April 2016

Durch Rekombination von Methyl‐ bzw. Fluormethyl‐Radikalen entstehen die angeregten Titelmoleküle mit mittleren Energien von 91 bzw. 92.5 kcal/mol.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIVITY OF (FLUOROALKYL)ADAMANTANES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES. I. CATALYTIC BROMINATION OF 1‐(1,1,2,3,3,3‐HEXAFLUOROPROPYL)ADAMANTANE
Authors: NAZAROVA M. P. , ALIMIRZOEV F. A. , STEPANYANTS A. U. , PODKHALYUZIN A. T.
Published: April 2016

Bromierungen der Titelverbindung (I) in Gegenwart von Fe oder FeBr3 (auch AlBr3, weniger wirksam sind FeCl3 und AlCl3) liefern Gemische von (II)‐(IV) (1H‐, 13C‐NMR‐ Spektrum).
ChemInform Abstract: THREE‐COMPONENT REACTIONS. XI. BROMOCHLORINATION OF CYCLOPENTENE IN THE PRESENCE OF ALCOHOLS
Authors: BEGER J. , THIELEMANN C.
Published: April 2016

Die Umsetzung des Olefins (I) mit einem stöchiometrischen Gemisch aus C12 und Br2 in CH2Cl2 bei ‐40°C ergibt die Produkte (III)‐(V).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 3H‐LABELED 1,2‐DISTEAROYL‐SN‐GLYCERO‐3‐PHOSPHOCHOLINE WITH HIGHER SPECIFIC ACTIVITY
Authors: LACHMANN U. , MURAWSKI D.
Published: April 2016

Für die Untersuchung extrem kleiner Lipidmengen (bei biologischen Prozessen) werden radioaktive Substanzen mit hoher spezifischer Aktivität benötigt.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS BETWEEN FURYL KETONES AND GRIGNARD REAGENTS. PART 2. STERIC EFFECTS IN THE REACTIONS OF 2‐FURYL KETONES WITH ALKYLMAGNESIUM HALIDES
Authors: SJOEHOLM R. + , WOERLUND K. +
Published: April 2016

Der Einfluß der sterischen Größe des R′ ‐Substituenten in den Furylketonen (I) sowie der des R2 ‐Substituenten des Reaktionspartners (II) wird untersucht: In Abhängigkeit von der Natur dieser Substituenten entstehen in den angegebenen Ausb. die 1,2‐Additions‐ produkte (III) [im Falle von (Ia) ausschließlich], die 1,4‐Additionsprodukte (IV) ‐ die z.T. in die Oxidationsprodukte (V) und (VI) übergehen ‐ und die Oxidationsprodukte (VIII) und (IX) der prim. gebildeten 1,6‐Additionsprodukte (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: PRODUCTION OF HIGHER CHLOROOLEFINS
Authors: SEMENOVA L. A. , KOROTKEVICH S. KH. , TREGER YU. A.
Published: April 2016

Höhermolekulare Chlorparaffine mit 42% Chlorgehalt, die aus Paraffinen mit einem Anteil von 85 ‐ 90% an linearen Kohlenwasserstoffen durch Chlorierung hergestellt worden waren, werden mit Alkalibutylatlösungen in n‐Butanol zu Chlorolefinen umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: ONE‐STEP SYNTHESIS OF 3‐OXO‐4,4‐DIMETHYLPENTANOIC ESTERS FROM PIVALOYL CHLORIDE AND ESTERS OF MALONIC ACID
Authors: VLASSA M. , BARABAS A.
Published: April 2016

Die Titelverbindungen (V) werden im Eintopfverfahren aus den Malonestern (I) und den entsprechenden Alkoholen (II) dargestellt, indem zunächst die Magnesiummalonester (III) gewonnen werden, die dann direkt weiter mit Pivaloylchlorid (IV) zu den Titelverbindungen (V) umgesetzt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF DIMETHYL CARBONATE FROM METHANOL, CARBON MONOXIDE, AND OXYGEN CATALYZED BY COPPER COMPOUNDS
Authors: ROMANO Z. , TESEI R. , MAURI M. M. , REBORA P.
Published: April 2016

Die Umsetzung von Methanol (I) mit Kohlenmonoxid (II) wird bezüglich verschiedener Parameter wie Temperatur, Druck, Katalysatorzusammensetzung u.a. untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐HYDROXY‐2‐HYDROXYMETHYLCYCLOPENT‐2‐EN‐1‐ONE: A VERSATILE INTERMEDIATE FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF CYCLOPENTANOID NATURAL PRODUCTS
Authors: ELLIOTT J. D. , HETMANSKI M. , STOODLEY R. J. , PALFREYMAN M. N.
Published: April 2016

Das Furan (I) läßt sich in ein l:1‐Gemisch von Diastereoisomeren (II) überführen, das bei Erwärmen in Dioxan racemisches Cyclopentenon (III) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPOUNDS WITH SCHISTOSOMICIDAL EFFECT. 3. N4‐(N‐ACYL‐N‐ARYLGLYCYL)SULFANILAMIDES SUBSTITUTED IN THE ARYL RESIDUE BY ALKYL OR ALKOXY GROUPS
Authors: HORSTMANN H. , ANDREWS P. , GOENNERT R. +
Published: April 2016

Durch Umsetzung des Chlorsulfanilamides.(I) mit den Arylaminen (II) wurden die N4‐(N‐Arylglycyl)‐sulfanilamide (III) erhalten, die anschließend am N‐Atom des Glycylrestes zu (IV) bzw. (V) acyliert wurden; die Analogen (VI) wurden ebenfalls synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: ARALKYLDIALKYLSULFONIUM SALTS
Authors: BOIKO V. D.
Published: April 2016

Die Isothiuroniumsalze (I) werden in alkalischer Lösung zersetzt und mit Alkyliodiden (II) behandelt.
ChemInform Abstract: REGIOSPECIFIC ONE‐STEP ANNULATIONS VIA QUINONE MONOACETALS
Authors: CHENARD B. L. , ANDERSON D. K. , SWENTON J. S.
Published: April 2016

Der Homophthalsäureester (I) reagiert mit p‐Chinonmonoacetal (II) zum Tricyclus (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SOME REACTIONS OF A‐3‐BENZYLIDENE‐5‐(P‐BROMOPHENYL)FURAN‐3‐(2H)‐2‐ONE IN COMPARISON WITH 4‐BENZYLIDENE‐1‐ARYL‐2‐(P‐BROMOPHENYL)‐2‐PYRROLINENE‐5‐ONES
Authors: SAYED G. H. , HAMED A. A.
Published: April 2016

Das Furanon (I) reagiert mit Aminen (II) je nach den Bedingungen zu den ungesättigten Amiden (III) oder zu den Pyrrolidinonen (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF 3‐(AROYLIMINO)‐3H‐1,2‐DITHIOLES
Authors: KIBBEL H. U. , TELLER J. , HANSEN P. , REITER A.
Published: April 2016

4‐Aroylmercapto‐dithiole, wie z.B. (I), spalten bei der Einwirkung von nucleophilen Reagenzien, wie NH3, Hydrazin.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES AND SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME NEW 3,5‐BISARYL‐2‐PYRAZOLINE DERIVATIVES. II
Authors: SAYED G. H. , KJOESEN H.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem Pyrazolin (IIa) ‐ oder in einigen Fällen mit besseren Ausb. aus dem Chalkon (I), Hydrazinhydrat und dem entsprechenden Reagenz ohne Isolierung von (IIa) ‐ werden die Verbindungen (III) (analog erhält man (IV) und (V) aus den betreffenden Chalkonen, Hydrazinhydrat und Ameisensäure) sowie (VI) bis (X) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF SOME FURAZAN AND FUROXAN DERIVATIVES
Authors: CALVINO R. , MORTARINI V. , GASCO A. , SANFILIPPO A. , RICCIARDI M. L.
Published: April 2016

Das Aminofurazan (Ia) bzw. das Aminofuroxan (Ib) werden mit CF3‐CO3H zu den Nitro‐Derivaten (IIa) bzw. (IIb) oxidiert; unter analogen Bedingungen liefert das (Ib)‐Isomere (III) überwiegend das Nitrofurazan (IIa) und nur in geringer Menge das gewünschte Furoxan (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOADDITION REACTIONS OF MESO‐IONIC OXAZOLONE WITH CINNAMALDEHYDE ANILS
Authors: SAIN B. , THYAGARAJAN G. , SANDHU J. S.
Published: April 2016

Das Azlacton (I) reagiert mit den Anilen (II) zu den Pyridonen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF SOME QUINOLINES
Authors: SHOEB H. A. , KORKOR M. I.
Published: April 2016

Durch Oxidation von Lepidin (I) mit Selendioxid wird der Aldehyd (II) hergestellt, der in die Thiosemicarbazide (IV), die Nitroverbindungen (VI) und den kettenverlängerten Aldehyd (VIII) überführt wird;letzterer liefert nach Vilsmeier das Amid (X).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF A NOVEL β‐LACTAM CONTAINING NUCLEUS: 1‐CARBOXY‐2‐AZATRICYCLO(4.2.2.02,5)DECAN‐3‐ONE
Authors: BRIGHT G. M. , DEE M. F. , KELLOGG M. S.
Published: April 2016

Das bicyclische Lactam (Ia) wird zunächst in den Benzylester (Ib) übergeführt, der mit Phosgen ein nicht isoliertes Imidsäurechlorid liefert, das mit Tetrabutylammoniumboranat zum Boranaddukt (II) reduziert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF ISOMERIC PYRIDOPYRROLO(1,2‐A)PYRIMIDINES
Authors: TISLER M. , STANOVNIK B. , ZRIMSEK Z.
Published: April 2016

Das aus dem Aminopyridincarbonsäureester (I) durch Umsetzung mit Diethoxytetrahydrofuran (II) hergestellte Pyrrolylpyridin (III) wird in das Hydrazid (IV) umgewandelt und mit Isoamylnitrit in Eisessig zum Pyrido‐pyrrolo‐pyrimidin (V) cyclisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: FORMATION OF (1,3)BENZOXAZINO(3,4‐C)BENZOXAZINES(1,3)
Authors: MORIMURA S.
Published: April 2016

Die Benzhydrylamine (I) reagieren mit Aldehyden.
ChemInform Abstract: A MESOMERIC BETAIN PYRAZOLO‐OXYDOTRIAZINIUM RING SYSTEM. 6‐ALKYL‐2‐METHYL‐PYRAZOLO(1,5‐D)(1,2,4)TRIAZIN‐6‐IUM‐4‐OLATES, SYNTHESIS AND RING CLEAVAGE
Authors: TIHANYI E. , SOHR P. , FEHER OE. + , GAL M.
Published: April 2016

Die Pyrazolcarbonsäurehydrazide (I) kondensieren mit Ameisensäureorthoester (II) zu den Betainen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF 6‐AZAPURINES BY THE OXIDATIVE CYCLIZATION OF AZAHEXATRIENES WITH DIETHYL AZODICARBOXYLATE
Authors: KAMETANI T. , HIGUCHI M. , NOGUCHI M. , HASHIGUCHI Y. , YONEDA F.
Published: April 2016

Die Nitrosouracile (I) gehen durch Ringverengung in die Diiminoimidazolidinone (II) über, die mit den Alkyliodiden (III) zu den Imidazolidinonen (IV) alkyliert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 2,6‐DIMETHYL‐18‐CROWN‐6 VIA OXYMERCURATION
Authors: BLOODWORTH A. J. , LAPHAM D. J. , SAVVA R. A.
Published: April 2016

Diallylether (I) wird durch Umsetzung mit Quecksilberacetat und Tetraethylenglykol sowie anschließende Reduktion der gebildeten Organo‐Quecksilberverbindung in den Kronenether (II) und die Polyethylenglykole (III) übergefuhrt.
ChemInform Abstract: EFFECTS OF PHOSPHONIUM COMPOUNDS ON SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI
Authors: MCALLISTER P. R. , DOTSON M. J. , GRIM S. O. , HILLMAN G. R.
Published: April 2016

Phosphoniumbromide werden dargestellt und auf anticholinergische Wirkung untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: AMINOARSOLANES. 1. TRANSAMINATION AND AMMONOLYSIS STUDIES
Authors: KRANNICH L. K.
Published: April 2016

Die 2‐Aminodioxaarsolane (II) und (VI) unterwerfen sich in Gegenwart von Ammoniak, prim. und sek. Aminen wie (III) schnell einer Transaminierung unter Freisetzen des ursprünglich gebundenen Amins.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF THE CYANOPENTAAMMINECHROMIUM(III) ION
Authors: RICCIERI P. , ZINATO E.
Published: April 2016

Ligandenfeldbestrahlung des Titelkomplexes in saurer wäßriger Lösung führt ausschließlich zur Aquotisierung von NH3 , während CN‐Ionen nur thermisch freigesetzt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF RING‐SUBSTITUTED DERIVATIVES OF CYCLOPENTADIENYL TRICARBONYL COMPLEXES OF MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN
Authors: CHALOYARD A. , EL MURR N.
Published: April 2016

Die durch Elektroreduktion von (I) in DMF oder THF erzeugbaren substituierten Cyclopentadienid‐Anionen (II) reagieren mit den Komplexen (III) zu den Produkten (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: DIBROMOTRI‐N‐BUTYLPHOSPHINEMANGANESE(II), A REMARKABLY CLOSE ANALOGUE OF MYOGLOBIN
Authors: MCAULIFFE C. A. , AL‐KHATEEB H.
Published: April 2016

Gleichgewichtskonstanten für die O2‐Aufnahme der Mn(II)‐Komp1exe (I) werden ermittelt.
ChemInform Abstract: IMPROVED SYNTHESES OF THE DIMERIC COMPLEXES (FE2X2(SC6H4Y)4)2‐ AND (FE2X2((SCH2)2C6H4)2)2‐ (X = SULFUR, SELENIUM), ANALOGS OF THE 2‐FE SITES OF OXIDIZED FERREDOXIN PROTEINS
Authors: REYNOLDS J. G. , HOLM R. H.
Published: April 2016

Das Reaktionssystem F eC13 / X/Na‐o‐Xylyl‐a,o?‐dithiolat (1 21:2) in Methan01 bei Raumtemp. in trockener, sauerstofffreier Stickstoffatmosphäre führt zur leichten Synthese des als Tetraethylammoniumsalz isolierten Anions (I).
ChemInform Abstract: ACIDITY OF THE AQUO LIGAND IN AQUOPENTACYANOFERRATE(II)
Authors: DAVIES G. , GARAFALO A. R.
Published: April 2016

Die Kinetik der Substitution wurde an dem Titelkomplex mit einer Vielzahl von Liganden im pH‐Bereich von 5.5‐13 untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PRESSURE‐DEPENDENT RACEMIZATION REACTIONS OF TRIS(DITHIOCARBAMATO)COBALT(III) COMPLEXES IN NONAQUEOUS SOLVENTS
Authors: LAWRANCE G. A. , O'CONNOR M. J. , SUVACHITTANONT S. , STRANKS D. R. , TREGLOAN P. A.
Published: April 2016

Untersucht wird die Racemisierungskinetik von (I) im Druckbereich von 1‐1380 bar.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSITION‐METAL‐PROMOTED OXIDATIVE FUSION WITH CARBORANE AND BORANE ANIONS. SYNTHESIS OF C4BN (N = 8‐11) CARBORANE SYSTEMS IN THE PRESENCE OF B5H8‐ AND B3H8‐ IONS
Authors: HOSMANE N. S. , GRIMES R. N.
Published: April 2016

Die simultane Behandlung des Carborananions (I) mit B 5Hg und COCl2 liefert den luftstabilen, kristallinen Komplex (II) als isolierbares Hauptprodukt.
ChemInform Abstract: METAL PEPTIDE COMPLEXES: PREPARATIONS AND PROTON AND CARBON‐13 NMR SPECTRA OF COBALT(III) TRIPEPTIDE COMPLEXES
Authors: EVANS E. J. , GRICE J. E. , HAWKINS C. J. , HEARD M. R.
Published: April 2016

Die neutralen Tripeptid‐Co(III)‐Komplexe (I) werden durch die 1:2‐molare Umsetzung von u‐Peroxo‐bis‐[pentaammin‐CoHII)]‐tetranitrat mit den Tripeptiden in wäßrigem Ammoniak bei pH 9 und Temp. 5°C gebildet und Säulenchromatographisch isoliert.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOLYSIS OF MATRIX‐ISOLATED HYDRIDOTETRACARBONYLCOBALT(I). EVIDENCE FOR METAL‐HYDROGEN BOND HOMOLYSIS
Authors: SWEANY R. L.
Published: April 2016

In Ar‐ und CO‐Matrizen, die die photolysierte Titelverbindung enthalten, läßt sich IR‐ und ESR‐spektroskopisch Tetracarbonylcobalt nachweisen.
ChemInform Abstract: COORDINATION COMPLEXES OF COPPER(II) FLUORIDE
Authors: GIBBS P. R. , GRAVES P. R. , GULLIVER D. J. , LEVASON W.
Published: April 2016

Cu‐difluoriddihydrat bildet bei der Umsetzung mit aliphatischen Diaminen und N‐Heterocyclen in siedendem Methanol die Komplexe (I)‐(III).
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROSYNTHESIS OF THE METAL PHTHALOCYANINE COMPLEXES
Authors: YANG C. H. , LIN S. F. , CHEN H. L. , CHANG C. T.
Published: April 2016

Ausgehend von Phthalonitril werden bei der Elektrolyse in Gegenwart von Cu‐, Ni‐ oder Mg‐sulfat und Co‐acetat in MeOH bei einem Potential von ‐1.6 Vbei Raumtemp. in 3‐5 h die entsprechenden Phthalocyaninatometallkomplexe erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF SOME DIPHENYLPHOSPHINOUS ACID COMPLEXES OF RUTHENIUM(II) AND PLATINUM(II) CONTAINING DITHIOACID LIGANDS
Authors: ROBERTSON I. W. , STEPHENSON T. A.
Published: April 2016

Triphenylphosphin wird aus seinem cis‐Ru‐Komplex (II) durch die entsprechenden Liganden Lunter Bildung der Derivate (I) substituiert.
ChemInform Abstract: MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF OXIDATIVE ADDITION TO LOW‐VALENT METAL COMPLEXES. STEREOCHEMISTRY AT CARBON IN ADDITION OF ALKYL HALIDES TO IRIDIUM(I)
Authors: LABINGER J. A. , OSBORN J. A.
Published: April 2016

Unter Verwendung diastereomerer β‐Fluoralkylbromide wie cis‐ und trans‐2‐Bromfluorcyclohexan und undeuteriertes 1‐Brom‐2‐fluor‐2‐phenylethan sowie (RR,SS)‐ und (RS,SR)‐ PhCHFCHDBr wird mittels NMR‐Spektroskopie die stereochemische Änderung am C‐Atom während der oxidativen Addition dieser Alkylhalogenide an die Ir‐Komplexe (I) zu entsprechenden Ir(III)‐Derivaten untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: REGIOSELECTIVE DEHYDRATION OF TERTIARY ALCOHOLS WITH TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE/TETRACHLOROMETHANE
Authors: THEIL F. , LINDIG C. , REPKE K.
Published: April 2016

Die l4‐β‐Hydroxysteroide (I) lassen sich durch Anwendung von Triphenylphosphin/ CCl4 regiospezifisch in die dehydratisierten Steroide (II) überführen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF D‐HOMOANDROSTANE AND ‐PREGNANE DERIVATIVES. STUDY ON AN ANTI‐ANDROGEN ACTIVITY
Authors: CHOAY P. , MONNERET C. , NARCISSE G. , BAKRI‐LOGEAIS F.
Published: April 2016

Die D‐Homopregnan‐Derivate (II), (III), (V) und (VI) sowie die D‐Homoandrostan‐Derivate (VIII) und (IX) wurden synthetisiert und pharmakologisch untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF STEROIDAL CARBAMATE DERIVATIVES FROM N,N‐BIS(2‐CHLOROETHYL)‐P‐PHENYLENEDIAMINE
Authors: CATSOULACOS P. , POLITIS D. , BOUTIS L. , PAPAGEORGIOU A.
Published: April 2016

Veresterung des 17β‐Hydroxy‐androstanons (I) mit Phosgen gibt das Chlorformiat (II), das mit dem p‐Phenylendiamin (III) zu dem Carbamat (IVa) reagiert.
ChemInform Abstract: DETERMINATION OF LOWER ALIPHATIC AMINES IN THE ENVIRONMENT AND IN BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL ‐ POSSIBILITIES AND TRENDS
Authors: HEBERER H. , BITTERSOHL G.
Published: April 2016

Review: Möglichkeiten und Tendenzen.
ChemInform Abstract: FIVE CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF FULLY DEHYDRATED CALCIUM‐ AND CESIUM‐EXCHANGED ZEOLITE A, CAXCS12‐2X‐A, 2.8 ≤ X < 5.2
Authors: SUBRAMANIAN V. , SEFF K.
Published: April 2016

Untersucht (durch Röntgenbeugung an Einkristallen) werden die Zeolithe CaxCs"‐2xSi"Al"O48 (x: 5.13, 3.98, 3.37, 3 und 2.8), die alle der Raumgruppe Pm3m zuzuordnen sind.
ChemInform Abstract: PHASE DIAGRAMS AND MIXING ENTHALPIES OF SILVER CHLORIDE‐TIN(II)CHLORIDE AND SILVER CHLORIDE‐LEAD(II) CHLORIDE
Authors: BLACHNIK R. , ALBERTS J. E.
Published: April 2016

Die Zustandsdiagramme der Titelsysteme sind einfach eutektisch (DTA‐Untersuchungen).
ChemInform Abstract: MECHANISTIC ASPECTS OF CATHODIC OXYGEN REDUCTION
Authors: FISCHER P. , HEITBAUM J.
Published: April 2016

O2 wird an Pt und Ag in einem Vier‐Elektronen‐, an Au und Cdagegen in einem Zwei‐Elektronen‐Prozeß reduziert, wobei der Transfer des ersten Elektrons gemäß A in saurer und gemäß B in alkalischer Lösung geschwindigkeitsbestimmend ist.
ChemInform Abstract: HYDROGEN EVOLUTION REACTION ON SMOOTH TUNGSTEN CARBIDE ELECTRODES
Authors: ZOLTOWSKI P.
Published: April 2016

Das H‐Potential an einer rotierenden WC‐Elektrode (wobei sowohl nicht aktivierte als auch aktivierte Proben verwendet werden) in H2 gesättigten 0.5 M SOF‐Lösungen (pH 0.3 und 1.85′) wird im Temperaturbereich 30‐80°C untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPOSITION OF BARRIER‐TYPE OXIDE FILMS ANODICALLY FORMED ON ALUMINUM IN A NEUTRAL BORATE SOLUTION
Authors: KONNO H. , KOBAYASHI S. , TAKAHASHI H. , NAGAYAMA M.
Published: April 2016

Die Verteilung von A1", 02′ und B3+‐Ionen in anodisch auf A1 von 99.99proz. Reinheit in einer H3BO3/Na2B4O7‐Lösung (pH 7.4) erzeugten Oxidfilmen von 76 nm Dicke wird durch Röntgen‐Photoelektronen‐Spektroskopie und chemische Analyse ermittelt.
ChemInform Abstract: AQUEOUS FLUOROXYSULFATE: DECOMPOSITION AND SOME CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Authors: THOMPSON R. C. , APPELMAN E. H.
Published: April 2016

Die Kinetik der Zersetzung von SO4F′ (Rb‐ oder Cs‐Salz) in wäßriger Lösung und in 0.01 ‐ 0.10 M HClO4 sowie die Produktbildung (O2 , H2O2 , HSOg) werden untersucht.