PREVALENCE OF DIFFERENT HEPATITIS B VIRUS GENOTYPES AND RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED AMONG SELECTED YEMENI PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B INFECTION
Authors: Al-Shawkany Eman Mohammad , AlShawkany Abdul-Al-Raoof Mohammad , Bahaj Saleh S , Othman Arwa Mohammed , Al-Shamahy Hassan A , Al-Ankoshy Azhar Azher Mohammed 
Published: July 2021

Background and aims: Hepatitis B virus infection is a significant public health crisis global. Hepatitis B virus genotyping is an important tool in epidemiological studies to determine the category and extent of treatment and to predict the outcome of chronic infections, for instance hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis. The study designed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus genotypes among Yemeni patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and to evaluate some of the associated risk factors.
Methods: Fifty patients (38 males, 12 females) with chronic hepatitis B from Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital, Al-Kuwait University Hospital, and AL-Gomhoria Hospital were included. HBV DNA was first detected by conventional PCR then HBV genotypes were determined using nested and multiplex PCR. 
Results: Mixed HBV genotypes (A+B+C+D+E), (A+B+C+D+E+F), and  (A+B+C+D)  were found to be the most prevalent (60 %), it is followed by genotype D (16 %), genotype B (16%) and genotype A (8%), whereas C, E, and F genotype were not found individually among the study population. Blood transfusion was associated with mixed infection (χ2=13.06; p= 0.005).
Conclusions: In assumption, this study demonstrates the general prevalence of hepatitis B virus genotypes among HBV-infected Yemeni hepatitis B patients who request medical consideration in a hospital. In mono-genotype HBV infection, genotype B and D were the most prevalent genotypes. In HBV mixed genotype infection, the A/B/C/D/E genotype was the most prevalent in the study area. In the future, based on genotype, clinical trials and treatment regimens must be individually assumed to efficiently manage chronic HBV infection. To this end, a prospective nationwide population study of HBV genotype spreading and clinical outcomes is suggested.
                  
Peer Review History:
Received: 15 May 2021; Revised: 11 June; Accepted: 27 June, Available online: 15 July 2021
Academic Editor: 
Ahmad Najib, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia, ahmad.najib@umi.ac.id
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Received file:                Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10
Reviewer(s) detail:
Dr. Salfarina Ramli,  Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. salfarina2892@uitm.edu.my  
Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, University of Basrah, Iraq, asia_abdullah65@yahoo.com
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