bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Financial Statement Audit
Authors: Fachriyah Nurul , Laily Anggraeni Octadila
Published: October 2024

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed various industries, including financial auditing, by improving efficiency, accuracy, and fraud detection. This study investigates the extent of AI adoption in financial audits in Indonesia, with a focus on both Big 4 audit firms and smaller, local firms. Through a literature review and interviews with auditors from eight firms, the research explores the current state of AI utilization and the barriers to its implementation. The results indicate that while Big 4 firms are in the developmental phase of integrating AI into their auditing processes, smaller firms face significant obstacles, such as financial limitations, lack of expertise, and regulatory uncertainties, which hinder AI adoption. Despite the challenges, auditors from larger firms anticipate that AI will play a crucial role in future audits. The study concludes that AI adoption in Indonesian financial audits is uneven, and further efforts are required to support smaller firms through accessible AI tools, clearer regulations, and targeted training. These measures are essential for closing the gap in audit quality between large and small firms, ensuring broader AI implementation in the auditing sector.
Troops Preparation Policy On A World Peace Mission
Authors: Asmoro Rujito Dibyo , Saputro Guntur , Toruan T.S. Lumban , Anwar Syaiful , Simbolon Luhut
Published: October 2024

Indonesia’s involvement in peacekeeping missions has long been a key part of its foreign policy, contributing to world peace as outlined in Republic of Indonesia Law Number 37 of 1999 concerning Foreign Relations. This study aims to analyze the government's policy implementation regarding troop preparation for world peace missions, particularly in relation to Indonesia's role as a Troops Contributing Country (TCC) to the United Nations (UN). The research utilizes a qualitative descriptive approach to understand the intricacies of the troop preparation process through George Edward III's policy implementation model, which emphasizes the importance of disposition, communication, resources, and bureaucracy. Data were collected through document analysis, interviews, and observation of relevant practices in Indonesian military operations. The findings highlight that the personnel selection process for peacekeeping missions is highly structured, requiring compliance with rigorous standards set by both the Indonesian government and the UN. The pre-deployment training, supervised by the TNI (Indonesian National Army) Headquarters, ensures that selected personnel are adequately prepared for their assignments. This comprehensive preparation includes mental and physical readiness, as well as the necessary technical and language skills. The results also emphasize the importance of strong inter-agency coordination, particularly between the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to ensure the success of these missions. Furthermore, the study reveals that budgetary and resource constraints remain significant challenges in sustaining peacekeeping operations. In conclusion, Indonesia's contribution to global peacekeeping missions underscores the nation's commitment
Should Investors Choose ESG? Empirical Evidence of The Shiller P/E Ratio
Authors: Alfredo Harold Kevin , Anita Anita , Pratama Muhammad Irfan
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the CAPE Ratio values of stock issuers in the LQ-45 Index compared to those in the ESG Leaders Index, employing a quantitative approach to assess whether the ESG Leaders Index yields higher returns. The findings reveal that most issuers in both indices are undervalued relative to the LQ-45 Index, indicating potential for future returns. However, the LQ-45 Index has a greater number of overvalued issuers than the ESG Leaders Index. Notably, the study acknowledges limitations, including a lack of exploration into the relationship between the CAPE Ratio and non-financial factors such as ESG scores, and a narrow focus on Indonesian indices without comparative analysis with foreign indices. Future research is recommended to explore these relationships, apply the CAPE Ratio across specific sectors, and compare Indonesia's ESG Index with those in Southeast Asia, thereby enriching understanding of valuation dynamics in relation to ESG factors.
Determinants of Crypto Investment Decisions: Ra-tional Behavior or Irrational Behavior?
Authors: Sri Artini Ni Made , Darma Gede Sri
Published: October 2024

The current phenomenon is that crypto asset investment is considered high risk, yet the number of crypto asset investors is increasing. This research investigates the determinants of crypto investment decisions: driven by rational or irrational behavior, specifically testing the moderating role of social influence on the determinants of investment decisions. The research combines technological factors (crypto platforms) and psychological factors (herding behavior FOMO (Fear of Missing Out)) with external factors of social influence a moderating variable. This study uses quantitative research methods and primary data from respondents who are crypto asset investors domiciled in Indonesia. The sample consisted of 124 respondents consisting of 95 male respondents and 29 female respondents. Statistical analysis including analysis of the Outer Model, Inner Model and direct effect and Moderated Regression Analysis was carried out using SmartPLS 0.3 software. The results showed that crypto platforms, financial literacy, herding behavior, FoMO had an effect on investment decisions, and social influence was able to moderate the influence of crypto platforms, financial literacy, herding behavior, FoMO on investment decisions. Suggestions given for further research are: develop further research models that can represent the determinants of investment decisions in crypto by using other research variables in predicting their influence on investment decisions such as regret experience, attitude, risk tolerance, etc.
Early Childhood Education And Village Corruption: An Evidence From Indonesia
Authors: Nurjannah Anggun
Published: October 2024

This study explores the relationship between early childhood education (ECE) exposure and corruptive behavior among village leaders in Indonesia, particularly in light of the decentralization efforts that began in 2014 with the Village Fund Initiative. The objective is to determine whether village leaders who were exposed to ECE in their early years are less prone to engage in corrupt practices when managing public funds. The research utilizes a staggered difference-in-difference approach, comparing corruption cases between leaders exposed to ECE and those who were not. The study collected data from the Indonesian village census (PODES) between 1993 and 2018, focusing on Java Island. The corruption cases were sourced from the Indonesian Supreme Court, specifically analyzing the behavior of village heads elected post-2014. The methodology allowed for a quasi-experimental design by leveraging the timing of village elections as a key variable. The results ECE exposure did not universally reduce corruption across the sample. In fact, corruption surged among early-treated groups who experienced the program in the 1990s, suggesting that ECE alone is not a strong deterrent to corruption. However, for later-treated groups, ECE exposure did lead to a reduction in corrupt behavior, pointing to an adaptation effect as village leaders observed peers being prosecuted for corruption. In conclusion, while early childhood education plays a role in shaping governance outcomes, its impact on reducing corruption is nuanced. The findings suggest that integrating anti-corruption education into the ECE curriculum could strengthen governance at the village level, particularly when combined with robust law enforcement mechanisms
Enhancing Patient-Centered Care in Nigeria: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Directions
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine Kampala International University Uganda, Otieno Karanja J.
Published: October 2024

Patient-Centered Care (PCC) is a healthcare approach that prioritizes the needs, preferences, and values of patients, aiming to enhance the overall quality of care by actively involving patients in their healthcare decisions. In Nigeria, the implementation of PCC faces significant challenges due to socioeconomic disparities, cultural influences, resource limitations, and infrastructural constraints. Despite these obstacles, there are substantial opportunities to improve Nigeria’s healthcare system through the integration of PCC principles. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of PCC in Nigeria, examining the healthcare system’s structure, successful PCC models, and the barriers hindering its widespread adoption. The review also explores strategies for enhancing PCC, including community engagement, technological innovations, and collaborative care models, and highlights the impact of PCC on health outcomes, such as improved patient satisfaction and cost-effectiveness. Additionally, the review discusses the critical role of policy and governance in promoting PCC, offering insights from international experiences and presenting case studies that illustrate the successes and challenges of implementing PCC in Nigeria. By addressing these key aspects, the review outlines a roadmap for advancing PCC in Nigeria, emphasizing the need for supportive policies, capacity building, and continuous evaluation to align the healthcare system with global standards and improve patient outcomes. Keywords Patient-Centered Care, Nigeria, Challenges, Opportunities, Future Directions
The Role of Public Health in Reducing Health Costs
Authors:   School of Applied Health Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Alberta Jeanne N.
Published: October 2024

The high cost of health care has become a pressing concern for individuals, governments, and organizations alike. Public health strategies, through preventive measures and health promotion, offer an effective way to reduce national healthcare expenditures while improving population health outcomes. This paper examines the role of public health in reducing health costs by focusing on prevention, early interventions, and community-based health initiatives. The paper also examines successful case studies of public health programs that have effectively reduced long-term costs, and highlights challenges in implementing these programs. As funding and political will remain key obstacles, the integration of public health initiatives with healthcare systems promises significant economic and social benefits. Keywords: Public health, health care costs, preventive care, health promotion, chronic disease, early intervention.
Understanding Climate Variability and Malaria Transmission in West Africa: Case Studies, Regional Insights, and Future Directions
Authors:   School of Applied Health Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Mukamana Sandra Gisele
Published: October 2024

Climate variability plays a crucial role in malaria transmission in West Africa. Variable temperature, rainfall, and humidity patterns in diverse climatic zones, such as tropical rainforests and semi-arid regions, significantly influence mosquito breeding sites and transmission rates. Tropical rainforests experience high transmission rates due to consistent rainfall and humidity, while savanna regions experience seasonal peaks. Semi-arid regions with limited rainfall and extreme temperatures show lower but variable transmission rates. Temperature fluctuations affect the development and survival of Anopheles mosquitoes and malaria parasites. Rising temperatures can extend transmission seasons and spread the disease to unaffected areas. Rainfall patterns affect breeding site availability, with heavy rains increasing breeding sites and droughts reducing mosquito populations. Humidity influences mosquito survival and parasite development. Extreme weather events, such as cyclones and floods, exacerbate malaria transmission by increasing breeding sites and damaging infrastructure. Socioeconomic factors, including urbanization, land use changes, and economic instability, also interact with climate variability to impact malaria dynamics. The review highlights the need for integrated malaria control strategies that incorporate climate considerations, including enhanced surveillance, climate-resilient infrastructure, and community engagement. Future research should address knowledge gaps regarding the interaction between climate variables and malaria transmission, and the socioeconomic impacts of climate change on malaria dynamics. By tailoring control strategies to specific climatic and socio-economic contexts, stakeholders can better manage malaria risks and improve health outcomes across West Africa. Keywords: Climate, Variability, Malaria, Transmission, West Africa, Case Studies.
Mosquitoes: The Long-term Effects of Malaria Eradication in West Africa
Authors:   School of Applied Health Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Fabiola Mwendwa G.
Published: October 2024

Malaria has been a critical public health issue in West Africa for centuries, resulting in widespread morbidity and mortality, especially among vulnerable groups like children and pregnant women. Recent eradication efforts, bolstered by insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs), indoor residual spraying (IRS), and antimalarial drugs, have significantly reduced the disease burden. This review examines the long-term socio-economic impacts of malaria eradication in West Africa, including improved public health, enhanced productivity, economic growth, and better access to healthcare. The reduction of malaria-related healthcare costs has led to increased investments in education, infrastructure, and other essential services. However, challenges persist, such as insecticide resistance among mosquitoes, financial constraints, and emerging public health concerns. Ecological effects of mosquito eradication, including impacts on biodiversity and the evolution of insecticide-resistant mosquitoes, raise important considerations for future control strategies. The role of climate change in shaping mosquito ecology and malaria transmission dynamics is also explored. This review underscores the need for sustained political and financial commitment, regional collaboration, and innovation to ensure the continued success of malaria eradication in West Africa. Integrating these efforts with broader Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and addressing ecological sustainability are essential for achieving long-term health and socio-economic benefits. Keywords: Malaria eradication, West Africa, public health, insecticide resistance, socio-economic impact, mosquito ecology.
The Impact of School Meal Provision on Teachers’ Performance and Students’ Academic Achievement in Sheema Municipality, Uganda
Authors:   Department of Educational Foundations, Kampala International University, Uganda, Silaji Turyamureeba , Latif Kaganda ,   Department of Educational Foundations, Kampala International University, Uganda, Bagiwa Zulaihatu Lawal ,   Department of Educational Foundations, Kampala International University, Uganda, Muhammad Tukur ,   Department of Science Education, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Uganda, Eze Val Hyginus Udoka ,   Department of Publication and Extension, Kampala International University, Uganda
Published: October 2024

This study examines the impact of meal provision on both student academic performance and teacher welfare in public secondary schools in Sheema Municipality, Uganda. Grounded in motivational theories such as Herzberg’s Motivator-Hygiene Theory, Expectancy-Value Theories, and Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, the research highlights the critical role of proper nutrition in supporting cognitive development and student concentration. Additionally, the study explores the effects of meal provision on teacher motivation and performance, finding that the availability of meals contributes significantly to teacher well-being and job satisfaction, which in turn enhances educational outcomes. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data from eight schools. Key findings indicate that schools face challenges in consistently providing nutritious meals due to financial constraints, exacerbating educational inequalities. A mean value of 4.3 on a 5-point Likert scale indicates broad agreement on the positive influence of meal provision on teacher welfare and student performance. The study recommends policy changes aimed at improving school meal programs by addressing financial and logistical barriers. These interventions are vital for promoting enhanced academic outcomes and the overall well-being of students and teachers in Sheema Municipality. Keywords: School meal provision, Teacher welfare, Academic performance, Nutrition in education, Sheema Municipality, Uganda
THROUGH THE LENSES OF ACTOR-NETWORK APPROACH - THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF NIGERIAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH OUTREACH CENTRE
Authors: Afolabi, E. A.  , Omokore, D. F.  , Yusuf, H. O.  , Oladimeji, Y. U.
Published: October 2024

Agriculture’s goal in Nigeria is to provide supportive resources to sustain mankind, environmental resilience against climate change, nation’s economy, irrespective of geographical location or social status with a total land of 911,000 sq. km, and about (80%) is available for various agricultural purposes including arable land, permanent crops, pastures, and irrigated land. However, to achieve the set goal in the past, a series of agricultural information dissemination strategies such as radio, television, and print media were employed to raise adequate revenue for the agricultural sector and increase the food supply in Nigeria via Agricultural Research Outreach Centre in the National Agricultural Extension and Research Liaison Services adopted villages/ schools. The study was premised on a mixed method for counterfactuals to facilitate novelties. Despite all the efforts, these strategies did not yield the desired goal, thus, the digital transformation of the agricultural sector particularly to strengthen the extension system in Nigeria. This manner, demands the integration of the agricultural sector into the digital hub to create synergy among the stakeholders, source requisite agricultural information, and hybridize the means of disseminating agricultural information via participatory learning and action platforms. Also, create a Digital Participatory Learning and Action for Agricultural Extension (Di-PLA4AE). Thus, the paper trail on the concept of AROC, ICTs - Digitization, x-rayed the Actor-Network Approach (ANA) by Callon, its application, and the implications of digitization for agricultural activities to stakeholders and criticism in the context. More so, mirror the implications of the Di-PLA4AE and conclusion.
CHARACTERIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS DEVELOPED ON COASTAL PLAIN SOILS FOR CROP PRODUCTION IN ORON LGA, SOUTH- SOUTH, NIGERIA
Authors: Iyanam, M. V.  , Ijah, C. J.  , Chukwu, G. O.  , Akpan, U. S.
Published: October 2024

Soils are characterized and classified based on its unique properties. Detailed characterization of four representative areas of Oron coastal plain soils in South –South, Nigeria was carried out. Soil samples were collected from pedogenic horizons of soils in four sampling sites. Routine analysis of soil properties was carried out in the laboratory with standard laboratory procedures. Soil data was subjected to descriptive statistics using statistical analytical system. The soils have a deep well drafted profile of about deep 200 cm. The soil texture varied in areas ranging from loamy sand to sandy loam, sandy and sandy clay loam while bulk density increased down the natural horizons. The pH varied between moderately acidic to strongly acidic in the soils of the study area. The morphology of soils ranged in various colour matrix of hues (10-7.5) and Chroma values (1-8) in all horizons. The soils were characterized by Dark Brown (10YR3/3), Dark Greyish Brown (10YR4/2) and Yellowish Brown (10YR 5/4) to Grey (7.5YR6/2). The soils had low concentrations of exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, Na and K). The Coefficient of variation (CV%) values ranged from 0.74 to 91.6 in Ca, Mg, Na and K. All the parameters in the soils of the study area showed low and medium mean values except soils of Esin Ufot1 and 2 which showed high mean values of Na with Esin Ufot 2 having the highest mean value of sodium to be 0.18 Cmol/kg. Suborder soils were classified as Grossarenic Kandiaqualfs (CEC > 16 Cmol/kg) for Esin Ufot1.Esin Ufot2, Esuk Oron1 while Esuk Oron 2 were classified as Typic Kandaquults (CEC < 16 Cmol/kg). A great importance in providing adequate data to enable right decision taking in the choice of site for developmental projects and crop production.
ASSESSMENT OF POVERTY STATUS OF CASSAVA COOPERATIVE FARMERS IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA
Authors: Edike, C. E.  , Kainga, P. E.
Published: October 2024

The study assessed the poverty status of cassava cooperative farmers in South-South Nigeria, utilizing a multi-stage sampling technique to select 300 members from Delta, Edo, and Akwa Ibom states. The majority of members fall within the 41-60 age range, which accounts for 66% of the total membership. This suggests that middle-aged and older individuals are more likely to participate in cassava cooperatives. There was also a higher representation of female members (58.33%) compared to male members (41.67%). However, majority (75.67%) of the cassava cooperative members were married while 2% were divorced, 10.33% were separated/divorced, and 12% were widowed. Furthermore, majority (51.67%) of the farmers had been in a cooperative for 1-5 years. The result shows that 46.33% of households consist of 1-4 members and most (82%) of the members identify cassava farming as their primary occupation. The relative poverty line was determined based on consumption expenditure, and the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) index was employed to assess poverty status. The results indicated that over one-third of members lived below the relative poverty line of ₦882.29, although the depth (8.52%) and severity (3.13%) of poverty were relatively low. Based on these findings, the study recommends targeted poverty reduction programs, strengthening cooperative structures, enhancing access to finance, promoting value addition, investing in infrastructure, empowering women and youth, and further research to develop effective poverty alleviation strategies.
ASSESSMENT OF COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES AND FACTORS LEADING TO DISCONTINUED UTILIZATION OF BIO-FORTIFIED MAIZE IN OYO AND ONDO STATES, NIGERIA
Authors: Oloruntoba, B. E.  , Okunlola, J. O.  , Akinnagbe, O. M.  , Adetarami, O.
Published: October 2024

The study assessed the communication strategies and factors leading to the discontinued utilization of bio-fortified maize among selected value-chain actors in Oyo and Ondo States, Nigeria. Information was collected from 320 value chain actors on the sources of information on bio-fortified maize, factors affecting its utilization, and factors leading to its discontinued adoption. Data were analyzed using frequency counts, tables, means, and standard deviations, with hypothesis tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). Results revealed that 34.1% of respondents received information on yellow maize most frequently through extension agents, 33.0% often through friends/relatives, and 35.3% often through family members. Key factors affecting the utilization of yellow maize included the value chain actors’ experiences (mean = 1.70), market availability (mean = 1.66), and economic benefits (mean = 1.54). Additionally, 57.5% of respondents discontinued utilizing yellow maize due to low distribution of seeds by ADP extension agents, 51.9% due to exploitation by middlemen, and 51.0% due to poor market infrastructure. A significant relationship was found between factors affecting utilization and those leading to the discontinuation of yellow maize (r = 0.364, p ≤ 0.01). The study concluded that value chain actors have access to extension services and receive information on yellow maize through multiple sources, including extension agents, friends/relatives, newspapers, drama, and bulletins/handbills. However, challenges such as low seed distribution, middlemen exploitation, and poor market infrastructure persist. It is recommended that extension agents and other stakeholders address these factors to promote the sustained adoption and utilization of bio-fortified maize among value-chain actors.
Nghiên cứu mô hình quản trị quốc gia hiện đại ở một số quốc gia trên thế giới
Authors: Lương Thanh Cường
Published: October 2024

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Một số giải pháp nâng cao hiệu quả truyền thông chính sách, pháp luật về bình đẳng giới
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Hải Vân
Published: October 2024

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Một số kết quả thực hiện bình đẳng giới ở Việt Nam hiện nay
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Linh
Published: October 2024

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Nâng cao hiệu quả công tác tuyên truyền, thuyết phục, vận động của Đảng trong thời đại công nghệ 4.0
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Thu Thủy
Published: October 2024

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Một số kiến nghị đối với quy chế làm việc của Ủy ban nhân dân
Authors: Võ Nguyễn Nam Trung
Published: October 2024

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Công tác quản lý cán bộ, công chức ở địa phương hiện nay
Authors: Đặng Thị Mai Hương
Published: October 2024

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Chính sách, pháp luật về phát triển giáo dục nghề nghiệp và giải quyết việc làm cho lao động vùng biên ở Việt Nam
Authors: Hoàng Kim Khuyên  , Phạm Thị Thúy Nga
Published: October 2024

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Bình Định cải thiện môi trường kinh doanh, nâng cao năng lực cạnh tranh
Authors: Lê Ngọc An
Published: October 2024

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Phát triển nguồn nhân lực chất lượng cao gắn với phát triển kỹ năng nghề tại tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế
Authors: Nguyễn Đình Quý
Published: October 2024

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Miễn trách nhiệm hình sự theo khoản 3 Điều 29 Bộ luật Hình sự năm 2015
Authors: Lê Trọng An
Published: October 2024

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CNN Models Approaches for Robust Classification of Apple Diseases
Authors: Kunduracioglu Ismail
Published: October 2024

In this research, the performance of several CNN models for diagnosing diseases in apple leaves is critically assessed. Due to this, early identification of diseases in agriculture is essential to boost productivity and avoid losses. In this context, disease identification was carried out with CNN models including ResNet50 and InceptionV4, Xception, DenseNet121, EfficientNetV2_m, and VGG13. While diagnosing the performance of each model the key parameters like Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1 score were computed. The accuracy values obtained show that all the discussed models are very accurate. However, it should be pointed out that the EfficientNetV2_m model is the best one in terms of accuracy and F1 score of 100%. This has shown that the EfficientNetV2_m gives a better detection of diseases in apple leaves compared to other models. The outcomes of the research reveal that in comparison to the conventional machine learning methodologies, the outcomes of the deep learning methods can prove to be much more beneficial for the agricultural sector by presenting a vision of how they can be incorporated and employed for improving the different sectors of management in the agricultural field. Summing up, the present research has shown the efficiency of the deep learning models in detecting diseases on apple leaves and has made a substantial contribution to the development of this line of study. In regards to the recommendations, the authors propose considering increasing the size of the sets and switching to the utilization of more advanced algorithms to enhance the present model. Thus, diseases found in agriculture will be identified easily and may also be more efficient in creating efficiency in the agriculture business.
The Role of Wearable Technology in Enhancing Patient Monitoring and Preventive Sexual and Reproductive Health Care
Authors: Negara I Made Oka
Published: October 2024

Wearable technology has emerged as a transformative tool in modern healthcare, offering enhanced opportunities for real-time patient monitoring and preventive care, particularly in the realm of sexual and reproductive health. This study aims to explore the role of wearable technology in improving patient outcomes through the continuous monitoring of health indicators and the provision of preventive care strategies. Using a qualitative approach, the research employs a systematic literature review and library research to analyze existing studies, reports, and scholarly articles. The findings indicate that wearable devices, such as fitness trackers and smartwatches, are increasingly integrated into sexual and reproductive health care for monitoring key indicators such as menstrual cycles, ovulation, and overall hormonal health. Additionally, wearables contribute to the early detection of potential health issues, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and irregular menstrual patterns, which can lead to more timely interventions. The integration of these technologies supports personalized health care, empowering patients to take an active role in their well-being. However, challenges such as data privacy concerns, accessibility, and the accuracy of these devices still need to be addressed to fully realize their potential in preventive sexual and reproductive health care. The study concludes that wearable technology offers significant potential to enhance patient monitoring and preventive care in sexual and reproductive health, but further research and development are required to overcome the existing limitations and ensure equitable access to these technologies.
Refugee Rights and International Law: Evaluating the Efficacy of Global Humanitarian Responses to Forced Displacement
Authors: Putri Diana , Musthafa Ahmad , Muharman Dedy , Mahrida Mahrida , Sumiyati Sumiyati
Published: October 2024

The increasing scale of forced displacement due to conflict, persecution, and environmental crises has brought refugee rights to the forefront of global humanitarian discourse. This article critically examines the efficacy of international law in protecting refugee rights and assessing global responses to the growing refugee crisis. Through an analysis of key international legal frameworks, such as the 1951 Refugee Convention and the role of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the study evaluates the adequacy of current policies in addressing the challenges faced by refugees. It highlights gaps in protection, such as unequal burden-sharing among nations, restricted access to asylum, and prolonged displacement in refugee camps. Case studies from various regions reveal how inconsistent application of international law undermines refugees’ access to fundamental rights, including safety, healthcare, and education. The article argues for stronger international cooperation, better policy implementation, and more robust legal mechanisms to ensure the protection of refugee rights. It concludes by offering recommendations for improving global humanitarian responses and creating more equitable and sustainable solutions for forced displacement.
How the judgment by the German Federal Constitutional Court on the German debt brake entrenches climate injustice
Authors: Banyurwahe Jean-Aristid
Published: October 2024

Germany, as a major greenhouse gas emitter, has a critical obligation to support developing countries affected by climate change; however, its adherence to the constitutional “debt brake” undermines this responsibility and exacerbates global inequalities.
Von Agenten und globalen Kriegsparteien
Authors: von Bernuth Nikolaus
Published: October 2024

Die georgische Demokratie befindet sich in der Krise. Die Regierungspartei „Georgischer Traum“ verschärft ihren autoritären, rechtsstaatsfeindlichen Kurs immer weiter. Am 26. Oktober wählen die Georgier:innen nun nach politisch ereignisreichen Monaten ein neues Parlament. Der Wunsch der Georgier:innen nach einer Annäherung zur EU ist dabei weiterhin stark. Doch auch wenn die Regierung zuletzt auf viel Widerstand stieß zeigte sich die Opposition überwiegend zerstritten. Ob sie es schafft, sich auf den Erhalt der Demokratie zu besinnen und ihre Differenzen hintanzustellen, ist offen. Georgien steht vor der kommenden Wahl, so auch die Worte Phirtskhalashvilis, am Scheideweg.
Keterlibatan Perempuan dalam Pengembangan UMKM Kue Sukade di Desa Tunggulo Selatan: Peluang dan Tantangan
Authors: Dunggio Swastiani , Abdussamad Juriko , Dance Tui Fenti Prihatini , Abdussamad Syahrir
Published: October 2024

Artikel ini membahas keterlibatan perempuan dalam pengembangan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) kue sukade di Desa Tunggulo Selatan Kecamatan Tilongkabila Kabupaten Bone Bolango. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, perhatian terhadap pemberdayaan perempuan dalam sektor ekonomi telah meningkat secara signifikan. Hal ini sejalan dengan upaya global untuk mencapai kesetaraan gender dan meningkatkan partisipasi perempuan dalam berbagai bidang, termasuk ekonomi. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peluang dan tantangan yang dihadapi oleh perempuan dalam mengelola UMKM kue sukade, yang merupakan salah satu produk unggulan desa tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendampingan dan partisipatif masyarakat. Selain itu, keberadaan UMKM ini juga menciptakan lapangan kerja bagi anggota komunitas lainnya, sehingga memperkuat jaringan sosial dan ekonomi di desa. Namun, meskipun terdapat banyak peluang, perempuan yang terlibat dalam UMKM kue sukade juga menghadapi berbagai tantangan yang signifikan. Salah satu hambatan utama adalah akses terhadap modal, yang sering kali menjadi kendala bagi perempuan untuk memulai atau mengembangkan usaha mereka. Selain itu, kurangnya pelatihan dan keterampilan dalam manajemen usaha serta pemasaran produk juga menjadi tantangan yang tidak kalah penting. Banyak perempuan yang tidak memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup tentang strategi pemasaran yang efektif, sehingga produk mereka kurang dikenal di pasar yang lebih luas. Dengan mempertimbangkan tantangan yang ada, penting untuk mengembangkan strategi yang dapat membantu perempuan dalam mengatasi hambatan-hambatan tersebut. Upaya untuk meningkatkan akses terhadap pelatihan dan modal sangat diperlukan agar perempuan dapat mengoptimalkan potensi usaha mereka. Program-program pemberdayaan yang melibatkan kerja sama antara pemerintah, lembaga swadaya masyarakat, dan sektor swasta dapat menjadi solusi efektif untuk mendukung perempuan dalam mengelola UMKM kue sukade. Oleh karena itu, mengatasi akar permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh perempuan dalam sektor UMKM bukan hanya akan meningkatkan kesejahteraan individu, tetapi juga berkontribusi pada pembangunan ekonomi yang lebih inklusif dan berkelanjutan di Desa Tunggulo Selatan.
Pendekatan Partisipatif dalam Pembuatan Instalasi Filter Nano untuk Air Bersih di Desa Gandasari, Kecamatan Tolangohula
Authors: Yusuf Taufiq Ismail , Tolago Ade Irawaty , Abdussamad Syahrir
Published: October 2024

Air bersih merupakan kebutuhan dasar bagi setiap manusia, namun akses terhadap air bersih masih menjadi tantangan di banyak daerah, termasuk Desa Gandasari Kecamatan Tolangohula Kabupaten Gorontalo. Di berbagai belahan dunia, terutama di daerah pedesaan, banyak masyarakat yang masih kesulitan mendapatkan air bersih yang layak konsumsi. Hal ini berdampak pada kesehatan dan kesejahteraan mereka, serta menghambat perkembangan sosial dan ekonomi. Dalam konteks ini, penting untuk mencari solusi yang dapat menjawab tantangan tersebut. Salah satu pendekatan yang menarik adalah melalui pembuatan instalasi filter nano yang melibatkan partisipasi aktif dari masyarakat setempat. Dengan cara ini, bukan hanya kualitas air yang diharapkan meningkat, tetapi juga kesadaran dan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam menjaga sumber daya air mereka. Pendekatan partisipatif dalam pembuatan instalasi filter nano ini melibatkan beberapa langkah strategis yang dirancang untuk menjamin keberlanjutan proyek. Sosialisasi kepada masyarakat menjadi langkah awal yang krusial, di mana informasi tentang pentingnya air bersih dan cara kerja instalasi filter nano disampaikan. Dalam kegiatan sosialisasi ini, masyarakat diberikan pemahaman mengenai berbagai masalah yang dihadapi terkait kualitas air dan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan. Selanjutnya, pelatihan diadakan untuk memberdayakan anggota masyarakat agar mereka dapat berkontribusi secara aktif dalam proses pembuatan dan pengelolaan instalasi. Melalui kolaborasi dengan berbagai pihak, termasuk lembaga pemerintah dan organisasi non-pemerintah, proyek ini mendapatkan dukungan yang diperlukan untuk memastikan bahwa instalasi yang dibangun sesuai dengan kebutuhan lokal dan dapat dioperasikan oleh masyarakat. Hasil dari proyek ini menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam kualitas air dan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya air bersih. Dengan meningkatnya pengetahuan ini, diharapkan masyarakat dapat lebih proaktif dalam menjaga dan mengelola sumber daya air mereka, serta berbagi informasi ini dengan anggota komunitas lainnya. Dengan demikian, pendekatan partisipatif dalam pembuatan instalasi filter nano tidak hanya memberikan solusi teknis untuk masalah air bersih, tetapi juga membangun kesadaran kolektif dan tanggung jawab di antara masyarakat. Proyek ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan melibatkan masyarakat dalam setiap tahap, mulai dari perencanaan hingga pelaksanaan, dapat tercipta solusi yang lebih berkelanjutan dan relevan dengan kebutuhan lokal.
Inovasi Produk Lokal Kecap Manis Berbasis Air Kelapa sebagai Alternatif Pangan Sehat
Authors: Akuba Alfin , Solikahan Eka Zahra , Dunggio Swastiani , Sakir Mochammad , Zainuddin Asniwati , Abdussamad Syahrir
Published: October 2024

Kecap manis merupakan salah satu bumbu masakan yang sangat populer di Indonesia, digunakan dalam berbagai hidangan untuk memberikan rasa manis dan gurih yang khas. Namun, tingginya kandungan gula dalam kecap manis konvensional menjadi perhatian serius karena dapat menimbulkan berbagai masalah kesehatan, seperti diabetes dan obesitas. Di tengah meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya pola makan sehat, inovasi produk lokal menjadi sangat penting. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi inovasi kecap manis berbasis air kelapa sebagai alternatif pangan yang lebih sehat dan ramah bagi kesehatan. Inovasi kecap manis berbasis air kelapa ini tidak hanya menawarkan alternatif yang lebih sehat, tetapi juga memberikan peluang bagi pengembangan produk lokal yang berkelanjutan. Dalam proses pengembangan produk, para peneliti melakukan metode penelitian pendampingan dan pelatihan kepada para produsen lokal, sehingga mereka dapat memahami cara mengolah air kelapa menjadi kecap manis yang berkualitas. Selain itu, eksperimen yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa kecap manis ini dapat mempertahankan cita rasa yang diharapkan oleh konsumen, meskipun dengan kandungan gula yang lebih rendah. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa inovasi tidak hanya berfokus pada kesehatan, tetapi juga pada kepuasan konsumen. Analisis terhadap potensi pasar menunjukkan bahwa semakin banyak konsumen yang mencari produk makanan sehat dan alami. Tren ini didorong oleh meningkatnya kesadaran akan kesehatan dan keinginan untuk mengurangi konsumsi gula. Dengan demikian, kecap manis berbasis air kelapa memiliki peluang besar untuk diterima oleh pasar. Selain itu, produk ini dapat menjadi solusi bagi para pelaku usaha kecil dan menengah di Indonesia, yang ingin menghadirkan produk inovatif sambil tetap memperhatikan aspek kesehatan. Dengan memanfaatkan sumber daya lokal, produk ini juga berpotensi untuk mendukung perekonomian daerah. Dengan demikian, inovasi kecap manis berbasis air kelapa tidak hanya berkontribusi pada kesehatan masyarakat, tetapi juga memberikan dampak positif bagi ekonomi lokal. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi semua pihak, mulai dari produsen, konsumen, hingga pemerintah, untuk mendukung pengembangan produk ini. Dalam rangka mencapai tujuan tersebut, kolaborasi antara berbagai sektor sangat diperlukan untuk menciptakan kesadaran akan pentingnya memilih produk sehat. Dengan langkah-langkah yang tepat, diharapkan kecap manis berbasis air kelapa dapat menjadi pilihan utama bagi masyarakat yang peduli akan kesehatan dan keberlanjutan.
Large-scale and flexible circularly polarized room temperature phosphorescence with a high dissymmetry factor and chiral sensing
Authors: Jin Kunfeng , Yin Chunchun , You Jingxuan , Diao Huailing , Wang Jinfeng , Zhu Kunkun , Zhang Jun , Zhang Jinming
Published: October 2024

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials have attracted great attention because of their rich optical information and excellent sensitivity. However, the strategy to prepare CPL materials with a high dissymmetry factor (g) is still limited. Herein, we demonstrate a facile route to scale up the fabrication of circularly polarized organic room-temperature phosphorescent (CP-RTP) materials with a high g value, outstanding flexibility and complete biodegradability, via the reconstruction and enhancement of hydrogen-bonding interactions of cellulose. The absorption dissymmetry factor (gabs) and luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) of the CP-RTP materials are as high as 0.48 and 0.16, respectively, which are one or two orders of magnitude larger than previous records. These cellulose-based CP-RTP materials have full-color emission, and can be processed into different format. In particular, the CP-RTP materials exhibit chiral recognition performance in an instrument-free visual mode. They give a change of RTP performance once meeting different enantiomers, including lysine, histidine, cysteine, 2-chloromandelic acid, and 1-(2-naphthyl) ethanol. The novel strategy and new CP-RTP materials could promote the enrichment and practical applications of CPL materials.
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN WARNA CAHAYA LAMPU TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN NANNOCLOROPSIS SP.
Authors: Erwandani Erwandani , Sumahiradewi Luh Gede , Astuti Ni Kadek Puji , Nufus Charirun
Published: October 2024

One natural food whose presence is very important in aquatic ecosystems is phytoplankton. Nannochloropsis sp. is one of the microalgae that was developed as a natural food source. The nutritional content of Nannochloropsis sp. quite high where the protein content reaches 52.11%, carbohydrates 16%, fat 27.64%, vitamin C 0.85%, and chlorophyll-a 0.89%. As microalgae that grow through the process of photosynthesis, light is an important substance in their growth. This research used the experimental method Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Includes 4 treatments and 4 repetitions to obtain 16 experimental units. Treatment P1 uses red light, P2 uses yellow light, P3 uses blue light, and P4 uses white light. The data measured in this study were: nannocloropsis density, relative growth and self-doubling time. P1 gave the best results with an average density of 143,250 cells/mL, relative growth of 51.20%, and self-doubling time of 55 hours. Based on the results of the analysis of variance or ANOVA test, this research shows that differences in the color of light have a significant effect on population density and relative growth of Nannocloropsis sp. but it has no real effect on the self-doubling time. Furthermore, the results of water quality measurements such as temperature ranged between 27-29 ̊C, pH 8-8.2, DO 4.3-4.5, and salinity 35-37 ppt.
Management of Student Discipline in Educational Institutions under the Jurisdiction of the Buriram Secondary Educational Service Area Office
Authors: Tamo Khunchai , Sudtae Khambhee
Published: October 2024

Background and Aims: This research aims to: 1) study and compare the opinions of personnel regarding the management of student discipline in educational institutions under the Buriram Secondary Educational Service Area Office. By gender size of the educational institution and academic positions. And 2) explore ways to develop the management of student discipline in educational institutions under the Buriram Secondary Educational Service Area Office.
Methodology: The sample used in this research consisted of 349 personnel under the Buriram Secondary Educational Service Area Office, which were obtained by stratified random sampling. The research instrument consisted of a questionnaire with an IOC between 0.80 - 1.00 and a confidence value of 0.79. Including structured interviews for data analysis, statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used T-test and F-test.
Results: The research results found that (1) Management of student discipline in educational institutions under the jurisdiction of the Buriram Secondary Educational Service Area Office, overall, it is at a high level. When considering each aspect, it was found that management in every aspect was at a high level as well. (2) Results of comparative analysis of management in creating student discipline Classified by gender and size of educational institution It was found that there was a statistically significant difference at the 0.05 level. As for classification by academic position, found that there was no difference. (3) Guidelines for developing management of student discipline in educational institutions under the Buriram Secondary Educational Service Area Office. It was found that the cause of the problem should be studied. Use culture in society to strengthen student discipline. Set and organize various extracurricular activities to strengthen student discipline. Strengthen morality within the classroom and create a network of cooperation to promote student discipline.
Conclusion: The study emphasizes the effectiveness of student discipline management in Buriram's educational institutions, demonstrating that overall management is strong in all areas. It also emphasizes the need for a cultural approach, extracurricular activities, and collaborative networks to improve student discipline while addressing identified areas for continuous improvement.
Evaluating Educational Outcomes: A Comparative Analysis of Tutoring Institutes and Formal Schools
Authors: Niyomves Busara , Kunacheva Noppakun , Sutadarat Suntana
Published: October 2024

Background and Aims: A comparative analysis of tutoring institutes and formal schools is essential because it identifies the strengths and weaknesses of each educational setting, guiding improvements in teaching methods and resource allocation. This understanding informs policymakers, educators, and parents about how to improve educational strategies to help students succeed. This paper analyzes the educational outcomes of tutoring institutes and formal schools.
Methodology: The methodology effectively combines various data sources and structured analysis tools to compare educational outcomes in tutoring institutes and formal schools. By combining detailed document reviews and thematic analysis, the study provides a thorough understanding of how these educational settings compare to one another.
Results: the finding found that the comparative analysis demonstrates that formal schools provide a broad, structured educational framework, whereas tutoring institutes provide personalized support that improves individual academic outcomes. Formal schools benefit from a comprehensive curriculum and standardized assessments, but they may lack flexibility in meeting specific needs. Tutoring, on the other hand, excels at personalized instruction and immediate feedback, even though it can increase costs and stress for students and families.
Conclusion: The findings show that formal schools provide a broad, structured education, whereas tutoring institutes provide tailored support that improves individual academic performance. Although formal schools provide a consistent curriculum, tutoring's personalized approach, despite the potential for additional costs and stress, frequently results in more targeted outcomes.