bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semantische Äquivalenz in Geburtserzählungen: Anwendung von Word Embeddings
Authors: Bubenhofer Noah
Published: December 2020

The present study focuses on serially occurring narrations of ‘everyday’ life, more specifically on birthing as narrated by mothers on online forums; the underlying idea being that these narrations happen against the background of cultural narratives.

The present paper uses word embedding models to detect typical topics and actors in these narrations. The calculation of word embeddings automatically constructs semantic spaces, where semantic relations (synonymy in particular) can be modeled. This method offers a way to think of synonymy as ‘functional equivalence in discourse’.

The present study relies on previous work with n-grams (Bubenhofer, 2018). N-grams are sequences of words that often appear together; their sequential order in different narrations gives insight in narrative patterns. A further step in the analysis is the construction of ‘narrative topoi’, which is achieved through clustering neighboring vectors. The emerging clusters can in turn be grouped into five narrative elements of ‘telling a birth story’: 1) disruption of daily life, 2) personnel, 3) body, 4) fear, 5) joy. While it seems obvious that certain themes ‘belong’ into the narration of a delivery, it is less obvious with what vocabulary these themes are expressed.

The presented method of clustering word-embedding-profiles adds tremendously to the modelling of a narrative. Its advantages lie in its potential to show lexical variation, as it also includes rare, non-conformative orthographical variants. Furthermore, it allows for a discourse-specific (and usage-based) view on semantic relations. The same applies to relations between semantic clusters. Seen from a discourse linguistics or cultural analysis perspective, word embeddings renew our understanding of semantics. This shows particularly fruitful if used to analyze (discourse dependent) derivations between semantic spaces.
A Novel Method to Categorize Stretch-Shortening Cycle Performance Across Maturity in Youth Soccer Players
Authors: Pedley Jason S. , Lloyd Rhodri S. , Read Paul J. , Moore Isabel S. , Myer Gregory D. , Oliver Jon L.
Published: December 2020

Pedley, JS, Lloyd, RS, Read, PJ, Moore, IS, Myer, GD, and Oliver, JL. A novel method to categorize stretch-shortening cycle performance across maturity in youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2573–2580, 2022—This study used a novel method to categorize stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) function during a drop jump (DJ) using the force-time curve. This method was then used to determine the effect of maturity status upon SSC function and effect of SSC function on DJ performance. Prepeak, circa-peak, and postpeak height velocity male youth soccer players completed a preseason 30-cm DJ onto a force plate. Stretch-shortening cycle function was categorized as poor (impact peak and not spring-like), moderate (impact peak and spring-like), or good (no impact peak and spring-like). Interactions between SSC function and maturity status, and SSC function and kinetic variables were explored. Youth soccer players displaying good SSC function were older and more mature than those with poor SSC function; however, 9.9% of post peak height velocity still displayed poor SSC function. Players with good SSC function recorded significantly shorter ground contact times, reduced time between peak landing and takeoff force, reduced center of mass displacement, and significantly greater takeoff forces than players with moderate and poor SSC function (all p < 0.05). SSC function during a standardized DJ improves with maturation, but a portion of mature players still demonstrate poor SSC function. Good SSC function was associated with improved DJ outcome measures except jump height. Tailored training interventions based on SSC competency may be required to optimally enhance SSC function.
Polygenic Profile of Elite Strength Athletes
Authors: Moreland Ethan , Borisov Oleg V. , Semenova Ekaterina A. , Larin Andrey K. , Andryushchenko Oleg N. , Andryushchenko Liliya B. , Generozov Edward V. , Williams Alun G. , Ahmetov Ildus I.
Published: December 2020

Moreland, E, Borisov, OV, Semenova, EA, Larin, AK, Andryushchenko, ON, Andryushchenko, LB, Generozov, EV, Williams, AG, and Ahmetov, II. Polygenic profile of elite strength athletes. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2509–2514, 2022—Strength is a heritable trait with unknown polygenic nature. So far, more than 200 DNA polymorphisms associated with strength/power phenotypes have been identified majorly involving nonathletic populations. The aim of the present study was to investigate individually and in combination the association of 217 DNA polymorphisms previously identified as markers for strength/power phenotypes with elite strength athlete status. A case-control study involved 83 Russian professional strength athletes (53 weightlifters, 30 powerlifters), 209 Russian and 503 European controls. Genotyping was conducted using micro-array analysis. Twenty-eight DNA polymorphisms (located near or in ABHD17C, ACTG1, ADCY3, ADPGK, ANGPT2, ARPP21, BCDIN3D, CRTAC1, DHODH, GBE1, IGF1, IL6, ITPR1, KIF1B, LRPPRC, MMS22L, MTHFR, NPIPB6, PHACTR1, PLEKHB1, PPARG, PPARGC1A, R3HDM1, RASGRF1, RMC1, SLC39A8, TFAP2D, ZKSCAN5 genes) were identified to have an association with strength athlete status. Next, to assess the combined impact of all 28 DNA polymorphisms, all athletes were classified according to the number of “strength” alleles they possessed. All highly elite strength athletes were carriers of at least 22 (up to 34) “strength” alleles, whereas 27.8% of Russian controls had less than 22 “strength” alleles (p < 0.0001). The proportion of subjects with a high (≥26) number of “strength” alleles was significantly greater in highly elite strength athletes (84.8%) compared with less successful strength athletes (64.9%; odd ratio [OR] = 3.0, p = 0.042), Russian (26.3%; OR = 15.6, p < 0.0001) or European (37.8%; OR = 6.4, p < 0.0001) controls. This is the first study to demonstrate that the likelihood of becoming an elite strength athlete depends on the carriage of a high number of strength-related alleles.
A Model Curriculum for Flipping an Allied Health Microbiology Course
Authors: Wolf Alexander
Published: December 2020

The flipped classroom model is increasingly popular in higher education, due to a number of potential advantages. Students gain the ability to customize their learning by interacting with classroom concepts on their own schedule. By moving some content out of the classroom, instructors gain the ability to free up time for more active-learning exercises and to concentrate on higher-order levels of learning. This article describes a comprehensive curriculum for flipping an allied health microbiology course, including tips for video lecture content and for active-learning modules that can be used in the classroom.
A Writing-to-Learn Approach for Improving Students’ Evaluation of Science Web Sources
Authors: Scott Gray , Ahmed Shazia A.
Published: December 2020

Writing skills remain in high demand even as trends like class-size increases discourage faculty from assigning students opportunities to practice the craft. At the same time, students live in a world in which scientifically suspect claims spread more rapidly than their debunking. We crafted a scaffolded, low-stakes assignment sequence addressing both needs, one that requires relatively little grading. Approaches like this one may prove useful in college and AP classes.
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIBODIES TO TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR: APPLICATION FOR THE PLATELET FLOW CYTOMETRY ASSAY
Authors:   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yusova E. I.
Published: December 2020

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is one of the key protein of plasminogen/plasmin system that converts plasminogen in the active proteinase plasmin. Platelets are able to bind both tPA and plasminogen on their surface, thus providing stimulatory effects on activation of zymogen. The present study was aimed to produce polyclonal antibodies against tPA and characterize their immunochemical capacities for further application in flow cytometry assay to study interaction between tPA and platelets. The experimental methods involved immunization of rabbit with tPA, collection of immune serum, synthesis of tPA-containing immunoaffine sorbent, ELISA, and flow cytometry. Polyclonal monospecific antibodies against tPA with high affinity to the antigen (Кd = 4.05・10–9 М) were obtained. Flow cytometry assay based on the use of the produced antibodies showed the presence of binding sites for tPA on the plasma membrane of inactive platelets. Moreover, agonist-stimulated platelets were revealed to expose more binding sites than their resting counterparts. Certain subpopulations of platelets that differ in the ability to bind tPA on their surface were also identified. Obtained data are of significant importance for further investigation of mechanisms underlying the role of platelets to regulate fibrinolytic rates.
EDIBLE FRUITS EXTRACTS AFFECT INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
Authors:   Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics and Pharmacology Faculty of Dentistry, Ukraine, Meleshko T. V.
Published: December 2020

The aim of our study was to investigate the gut microbiota in patients with noncommunicable diseases associated with chronic inflammation, namely obesity, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease as well as to find out potential ability of edible plants’ fruits extracts to inhibit the growth of selected conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. Limited clinical trial was performed and gut microbiota analysis was done using routine methods and by qPCR. The antibacterial properties of edible plants’ fruits in relation to the selected potentially pathogenic microorganisms were studied. The composition of the intestinal microbiota of obese patients was characterized by an increase in the number of Enterococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. along with a decrease in the amount of Escherichia coli. Decreases in E. coli and lactobacilli were observed in patients with type 2 diabetes. In atherosclerosis, an increase in streptococci, enterococci, and enterobacteria was observed, whereas in patients with cardiovascular disease there was an additional increase in staphylococci and candida along with a decrease in E. coli. Decreases in Bifidobacterium spp., Bacteroides spp., Roseburia intestinalis and Akkermansia muciniphila were observed in patients of all groups. The growth of Klebsiella spp. was inhibited by red currant (Ribes rubrum) and plum (Prunus domestica) extracts; Enterobacter spp. – cherry (Prunus avium) extract; Proteus spp. – extracts of blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and dogwood (Cornus mas); Staphylococcus spp. – the extracts of black currant (Ribes nigrum), cherry (Prunus avium), plum (Prunus domestica), jostaberry (Ribes nigrum × Ribes divaricatum × Ribes uva-crispa), cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera) and dogwood (Cornus mas) The obtained data can be used for early diagnosis of noncommunicable diseases and for their prevention with the help of personalized nutrition.
Investigation of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ST2 in Iran
Authors: Rezaei Aliakbar , Fazeli Hossein , Faghri Jamshid
Published: December 2020

This study investigated carbapenem resistance among Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from respiratory specimens. Epidemiological relationship of the isolates was also evaluated. In this study, 81 respiratory specimens of A. baumannii from AL Zahra Hospital were confirmed by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by disc diffusion method. Carbapenem resistance genes were identified by PCR. The isolates were typed by RAPD-PCR and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) methods. All isolates were resistant to imipenem and 80 isolates to meropenem. Frequency of oxacillinase genes was as follows: blaOXA-23 gene was positive in 74 (91.3%), blaOXA-24 gene in 50 (61.7%) and blaOXA-58 was not found in any isolates. On the other hand 22 (27.2%) isolates contained blaIMP-1, 3 (3.7%) isolates contained blaIMP-2 gene, 5 (6.2%) isolates contained blaVIM-1, 4 (5%) isolates had blaVIM-2 and none of the isolates had blaSIM-1 gene. RAPD-PCR typing identified 16 different patterns, with one pattern being the most frequent one in 26 isolates. In MLST 6 different sequence types were identified, the most predominant being ST2 belonging to clonal complex 2. The results of this study showed high resistance to carbapenems as well as high abundance of oxacillinase genes.
Detection of VIM, NDM and OXA-48 producing carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales among clinical isolates in Southern Hungary
Authors: Gajdács Márió , Ábrók Marianna , Lázár Andrea , Jánvári Laura , Tóth Ákos , Terhes Gabriella , Burián Katalin
Published: December 2020

Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) present an important therapeutic problem, as there are limited number of effective therapeutic alternatives available. In this study, phenotypic and genotypic methods were used to characterize carbapenemase-production and other resistance-determinants (AmpC and ESBL-production, efflux pump-overexpression) in 50 isolates (Klebsiella spp. n = 35, Escherichia coli n = 12 and Enterobacter cloacae complex n = 3) collected at the Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center (University of Szeged) between 2014 and 2017. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of meropenem, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, tigecycline, amikacin, moxifloxacin, colistin and fosfomycin were also determined. 24% of isolates were AmpC-producers, while 30% carried blaCTX-M ESBL-genes. Carbapenemase-genes were detected in 18 (36%) of the tested isolates: in 2 isolates blaNDM, in 6 isolates blaOXA-48-like and in 12 isolates, blaVIM was detected by PCR. The species-distribution for isolates positive for carbapenemase-genes was the following: Klebsiella pneumoniae n = 11, Klebsiella oxytoca n = 1, E. coli n = 5, E. cloacae complex n = 1. Efflux pump-overexpression based on the PAβN-screening agar was shown in n = 3 of the tested strains. In nine isolates (18%), carbapenemase and ESBL-genes were detected simultaneously. Highest levels of resistance were noted for fosfomycin (74%) and moxifloxacin (70%), while all isolates were susceptible to colistin. Among applied phenotypic tests in this study the modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM) proved to be the most accurate one compared to that of PCR results.
Soil behaviour under load in case of finite thickness
Authors: Salman Nihal D. , Pillinger György , Kiss Péter
Published: December 2020

This study intends to examine the soil behaviour in the case of finite thickness, represented by the hard layer under a soft layer of soil. A further aim is to define load-bearing capacity parameters (n and k). The experimental work is carried out under laboratory conditions by using hydraulic bevameter to apply the load. A circular plate with a diameter of 100 mm is used to push down the load over the targeted area with a penetration rate of about 9 cm/min for sinkage plates. The study was conducted in a soil bin (length of 200 cm, width of 100 cm and variable thickness) using a sandy loam soil. First, the study has been done with loose soil with a thickness of 11 cm, which maintained with 10% moisture content and initial density of 1.190 g/cm3. After that, a two thickness of 6 and 18 cm with 8% moisture content and initial soil density of 1.375 g/cm3 were tested to explain the effect of thickness. In each test, the bevameter plate was loaded at multiple locations, the result showed the soil was near uniform. The result suggests that it is not easy to obtain one equation for the load bearing capacity because the layer near to the surface behaves like soil with infinite thickness and the deeper layer like soil with finite thickness.
Shadow economies and tax evasion: The case of the Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary
Authors: Nchor Dennis
Published: December 2020

This paper examines the drivers and the size of the shadow economies of the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. It also investigates the tax losses associated with these shadow economic activities in all three countries. The Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model is applied and uses time series data covering the period 1990–2019. The key findings show that the sizes of the shadow economies of the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland are 10.44, 11.18 and 20.47% respectively. The results also show that the average size of the shadow economies between 1990–2019 was 14.92% in the Czech Republic, 18.72% in Hungary and 22.85% in Poland. The Czech Republic loses 3.13% of tax revenue from goods and services and 2.83% from incomes and profits as a result of the shadow economy, while Hungary loses 5.05% of tax revenue from goods and services and 1.68% from incomes and profits. Poland loses 5.25% of tax revenue from goods and services and 4.34% from incomes and profits.
ÖĞRENCİLERİN GÖZÜYLE YÜKSEK DİN ÖĞRETİMİ (GİRESUN ÜNİVERSİTESİ İSLAMİ İLİMLER FAKÜLTESİ ÖRNEĞİ)
Authors: ALGUR Hüseyin , ÖZASMA Halil İbrahim
Published: December 2020

Ortaöğretimden mezun olup yeterli puan alan bireyin, hangi yükseköğretim kurumuna gideceğine karar vermesi geleceği için oldukça önemli bir dönüm noktasıdır. Bu dönüm noktasındaki kararlar bireyin kendisi ve ileride vereceği hizmetin kalitesi için önemlidir. Bu bağlamda açık uçlu 9 soruya Giresun İslami İlimler Fakültesinde 2019-2020 öğretim yılında öğrenim gören 54’ü erkek 63’ü kadın 117 öğrencinin verdiği cevapların betimsel analiziyle ulaşılan bulgulardan müteşekkil araştırmanın amacı, yüksek din öğretimi alan bireylerin tercih, hedef ve öğretimin niteliği kapsamındaki görüşlerini tespit etmektir. Araştırma verilerine göre katılımcılar fakülteyi tercih etme sürecinde alana olan ilgi, istek ve din eğitimi almak başta olmak üzere yerleştirme puanı, mesleki gerekçe, mezun olunan okul, ilim elde etme isteği, aile ve sosyal çevre etkisi, dine hizmet etme isteği ve mesleki gelişim gibi unsurlardan etkilenmektedir. Bununla birlikte ülke genelinde yüksek din öğretimine yönelmenin temel gerekçesi olarak daha çok istihdam ile ilgili kaygılara işaret edilmiştir. Yüksek din öğretimi öncesinde ve sonrası süreçle ilgili belirlenen hedeflere bakıldığında lisansüstü eğitimle yüksek din öğretiminin devam ettirilmesi ve MEB ve DİB bünyesinde DKAB öğretmeni, Kur’an kursu öğreticisi, İmam hatip, müezzin olunması gibi istihdama dair hedeflerden söz edilmiştir. Öğretimin niteliği konusunda ise ezbere dayalı öğretim teknikleri eleştirilirken, öğrenim görülen kurumdaki hoca-öğrenci etkileşimi öğretimin niteliğini artırıcı bir referans olarak anılmaktadır.
Cardiomyopathies: echocardiographic profiles based on principal component factor analysis in men and women
Authors: Vardugina N. G. , Medvedenko I. V. , Efimova N. M.
Published: December 2020

Aim. To determine echocardiographic profiles and their prognostic value using factor analysis in men and women with various types of cardiomyopathies (CMP).

Material and methods. The study involved 100 people with CMP — 69 men with a median age of 53 years and 31 women with a median age of 58 years. Among the subjects, six nosological types corresponding to ICD 10 classification were revealed: dilated CMP (DCM), ischemic CMP (ICM), alcoholic CMP, mixed CMP, hypertrophic CMP (HCM) and myocarditis. All persons underwent an echocardiography. Echocardiography results as variables were included in factor analysis. The resulting two factors are presented as the first and second echocardiographic profiles.Results. The first echocardiographic profile was characterized as the degree of myocardial contractile function reduction. A strong association of the first profile with DCM, alcoholic CMP and myocarditis in men (p=0,001) and DCM in women (p=0,05) was obtained. In some individuals with ICM and mixed CMP, there was no association with the first profile. The second echocardiographic profile reflected the degree of myocardial mass increase and had significant differences only in women (p=0,04). A strong correlation with the second profile was observed in HCM, in the majority of women with ICM and in some persons with mixed CMP. Fatal outcomes in men were recorded in patients with ICM (66,7%), alcoholic CMP and myocarditis, and in women with mixed CMP (11,1%).Conclusion. For patients with DCM, myocarditis, and alcoholic CMP, the first echocardiographic profile with a risk of death is characteristic. The second echocardiographic profile was inherent in HCM and was associated with a protective effect in women with ICM. The revealed echocardiographic profiles can be extrapolated to nosological types of CMP in men and women in order to verify the diagnosis and prognosis.
PATTERNS OF ADDUCTOR HIATUS IN NIGERIANS: A CADAVERIC STUDY
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria., Mbaka G.O
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Adductor hiatus (AH), an osseo- muscular or osseo- fibrous space between adductor magnus muscle or aponeurosis and the shaft of femur has been classified into four different types. The interest in the hiatus is due to the large vascular structures that traverses the hiatus which is of concern to the surgeons. Materials and Methods: A total of 61 embalmed cadavers (102 limbs), 35 female lower limbs and 67 male lower limbs were dissected to show AH. Results: The bridging fibrous which shows the highest frequency was observed in 44 limbs. It exhibited incidence of 43.1% prevalence of AH shape on both sexes. The incidence in male was 27.5% while in female it was 15.7%. The bridging muscular type, the least occurrence shows incidence of 17.6% in both sexes; in males, 13.7% and in females, 3.9%. Oval fibrous type shows a prevalence of 20.5% in both sexes, 12.7% in males and 7.8% in females. Oval muscular type shows 18.6% incidence in both sexes. In males, 11.8% and in females, 6.9%. The distance from the apex of AH to the adductor tubercle was measured and shows a range of 5.0cm-17.0cm with a mean distance of 10.3cm. Conclusion: The result of this study showed that bridging fibrous AH type exhibited the highest prevalence depicting variation from another racial study. Therefore to adopt an appropriate surgical intervention in a situation of adductor canal outlet syndrome, the surgeon has to be aware of the population variations. KEY WORDS: Adductor hiatus, Adductor magnus, femoropopliteal compression, Nigerians.
A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF THE PROXIMAL END OF DRY ADULT FEMORA
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Kolkata, India., Sengupta Ishita , Mahato Madhumita ,   Senior Resident, Dept of Anatomy, Purulia Government Medical College & Hospital,  Kolkata, India., Sengupta Gairik ,   Associate Professor, Dept of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India., Chattopadhyay Jadab Chandra ,   Professor & Head, Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Kolkata, India.
Published: December 2020

Background: A good understanding of morphometric measurements of the proximal femur is essential in order to decrease the risk of complications associated with orthopedic surgeries performed in the proximal femur due to traumatic injury, metabolic or vascular causes, and to achieve proper alignment of prosthesis to be implanted. The purpose of this study is to evaluate morphometry of neck of femur in Eastern Indian population. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 50 dry adult femora [30 Right(R) and 20 Left(L)] available in the department of Anatomy of Medical College Kolkata, India. Results: a) Mean and Standard Deviation (SD) of Vertical length of Head of femur was Right side: 38.56±2.50mm and Left side: 38.07±3.43mm. b) Mean and SD of Width of neck of femur was Right side: 28.84±2.71mm and Left side:28.09±2.29mm. c) Mean and SD of length of Neck of femur on anterior aspect was Right side:26.37±2.92mm and Left side:26.12±3.42mm. d) Mean and SD of length of Neck of femur on posterior aspect was Right side:31.65±2.75mm and Left side:26.69±3.11mm. e) Neck-shaft angle on both sides were calculated. Conclusion: Indian dimensions of proximal end of femur are different as compared to that of the values in other parts of the world. Present study will be useful for crafting suitable implants used for surgical correction of fracture neck femur in East Indian population. KEYWORDS: Morphometry, Neck-shaft angle, Implant, Prosthesis, Width of neck, Vertical length of head of femur, Length of neck.
KISSING SUPERIOR PARATHYROID GLANDS: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka., Niranjan Romini , Yasawardene Surangi. G. ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka,
Published: December 2020

Parathyroid glands are responsible for maintaining the calcium level in blood and usually a pair of superior and inferior parathyroid glands are located in the thyroid gland. Parathyroid glands are smaller and have variations in their size, shape, number and location. Thus, it is difficult to identify the parathyroid gland and leads to its accidental removal during thyroidectomy. This case report is an incidental finding of two superior parathyroid glands in the left lobe of thyroid gland in 68-year female cadaver. Both superior parathyroid glands were located at the first tracheal ring, 2 mm in size, circular in shape, tan yellow in colour, covered by a thin capsule and separated from each other in a distance less than 1 mm. They appear similar as a twin pair and seems to kiss each other. Both were confirmed by the histological method as parathyroid tissues. Superior parathyroid gland developed from the dorsal wing of fourth pharyngeal pouch, get detached from its origin and assumed a relatively constant final location either at the cricothyroid junction or at first tracheal ring. In this present case, the dorsal wing of the fourth pharyngeal pouch have undergone earlier embryological division into two separate superior glands during its descent to the cervical region in the left side. Embryological development of thyroid gland is linked with the development of parathyroid, thymus and ultimobranchial body. Thyroid gland developed from two sources. The median one contributes to thyroid isthmus and parts of the lateral lobe of thyroid. Lateral thyroid lobes derived its contributions from the caudal pharyngeal endoderm of the 4th and 5th pharyngeal pouches. The fusion of median and lateral thyroid forms the Zuckerkandl’s tubercle. Superior parathyroid gland might have travelled along the superior border of isthmus and any changes in the development of thyroid might have influence in the development of parathyroid glands. Up to now a very few cases of kissing parathyroid glands are reported in the literature and this will provide an additional anatomical information of kissing superior parathyroid glands. KEY WORDS: Kissing superior parathyroid glands, Complications of thyroidectomy, Parathyroidectomy, Cricothyroid junction, Twin parathyroid.
A STUDY ON THE OCCURRENCE OF WORMIAN BONES IN ADULT DRY SKULLS
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, B G Nagara, Karnataka, India., Asharani S K
Published: December 2020

Background: Sutural or wormian bones are islands of bone that are commonly found in the sutures of the skull mainly along the lambdoid suture. These sutural bones which are irregular in size, shape and number may arise from separate centres of ossification. The prior knowledge about the Wormian bones is important because they are present in normal individuals as well as in various disorders such as osteogenesis imperfect, rickets, etc. Aim: To study the occurence of wormian bones in adult dry skulls Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out on 95 adult dry human skulls in the department of Anatomy, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, B G Nagara. Skulls with fractures and deformities were excluded from the study. Intact skulls were cleaned thoroughly and observed for the presence of wormian bones along the sutures of skull. Results: Out of 95 skull bones studied, 24 (25.26%) skulls showed the presence of wormian bones. We also observed that maximum number of such bones (single or multiple) were present along the lambdoid suture followed by lambda, asterion, sagittal suture & coronal suture. A very small wormian bone was also found near the bregma of the skull. Conclusion: The awareness about the occurrence of wormian bones and their topographical distribution will guide the clinicians mainly neurosurgeons in their practice. These bones mimic fracture lines in radiograph; therefore radiologists must also be aware of this normal variation. KEY WORDS: Wormian bone, Lambdoid suture, skull.
SUPRADIAPHRAGMATIC ORIGIN OF RIGHT RENAL ARTERY FROM THORACIC AORTA: CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors:   Associate Professor of Anatomy, Muzaffarnagar Medical College, N.H-58, Opp. Begrajpur Industrial Area, Muzaffarnagar. (U.P) 251203 India., babu CS Ramesh , Kumar A  ,   Dr. O.P. Gupta Imaging Centre, Bachcha Park, Meerut- 250001, (U.P), India., Gupta OP  ,   Senior Consultant Radiologist, Dr. O.P. Gupta Imaging Centre, Bachcha Park, Meerut, (U.P), India., Sharma Y  ,   Yashika Sharma, BRDIT, Dr. O.P. Gupta Imaging Centre, Bachcha Park, Meerut, (U.P), India.
Published: December 2020

Numerical anomalies of renal arteries are frequently encountered at radiological investigations. Origin of main renal artery from abdominal aorta above the level of origin of celiac trunk and supplying normally positioned kidney is encountered occasionally. But ectopic supradiaphragmatic thoracic origin of main renal artery supplying a normally positioned kidney is extremely rare and reported only as case reports and till recently only ten such cases have been reported. Incidentally all cases reporting thoracic origin are right renal arteries. The present case report is an incidental observation of origin of main right renal artery from thoracic aorta at the level of upper part of body of T-12 vertebra in a male patient undergoing contrast enhanced CT for suspected lung pathology. The normally positioned right kidney was supplied by an accessory renal artery arising just below the level of origin of superior mesenteric artery. Our literature search has yielded 23 cases (excluding the present case) out of which 19 were thoracic right renal arteries and 4 thoracic left renal arteries. Additionally the present case was associated with the presence of variations of celiac and superior mesenteric arteries in the form of gastrosplenic and hepatomesenteric trunks. This association of variant gastrosplenic and hepatomesenteric trunks with thoracic origin of main renal artery is reported for the first time. Knowledge of such rare variations is crucial for radiologists, surgeons and urologists for better outcome of surgical and interventional procedures. KEY WORDS: Thoracic renal artery, Supradiaphragmatic renal artery, Ectopic renal artery origin, Hepatomesenteric trunk, Gastrosplenic trunk.
Aplicación de un programa de mindfulness en personas mayores en centros residenciales
Authors: Vázquez Resino Mª Teresa
Published: December 2020

Las intervenciones basadas en Mindfulness son cada vez más utilizadas en psicología clínica por los efectos significativos que producen, siendo el sector de la tercera edad los principales candidatos de estas intervenciones, que enmarcadas en un modelo de envejecimiento con éxito demandan una práctica de calidad. Este estudio tiene como objeto el efecto de un programa de Mindfulness adaptado al ámbito residencial, en una muestra de doce personas mayores, enfocado a mejorar el bienestar psicológico-emocional, percepción de dolor, calidad y satisfacción de vida, bajo un diseño cuasi-experimental pre-post test, dirigido a evaluar dichas características; combinando prácticas formales de atención plena, con aspectos psico-educativos necesarios en el desarrollo de las mismas. Los resultados muetran efectos positivos en más de la mitad de las áreas intervinientes en el programa, siendo de interés para estudios futuros, utilizar una muestra más amplia representativa de dicha población con grupo de control, para seguir ahondando en formas de estimular el uso continuo de Mindulfulness en este colectivo.
Cuidar acompañando
Authors: Hernández Patrocinio Marina Morela
Published: December 2020

La razón de la existencia de la enfermería es cuidar; la idea es proporcionarle el alimento, la hidratación, la respiración, el descanso etc… pero normalmente se nos olvida la importancia que tiene la comunicación, más allá de dar asistencia directa a la necesidades exclusivamente físicas, es saber estar y acompañar en la vida diaria del paciente y su familia intentando integrarla en el cuidado. Dar soporte desde la escucha, debemos ser sensibles y estar pendientes de los detalles que le proporcionan confort. Para poderlo realizar necesitamos un equipo interprofesional, en el que cada componente tiene su papel, tan importante como el de otro, el rol de enfermería, dentro de esté es un pilar básico porque realiza una valoración global, es el miembro del equipo que pasa más tiempo con el paciente, ayudando a controlar la respuesta al tratamiento, previniendo problemas y detectando complicaciones, así como disminuyendo la ansiedad de él y su familia. Las personas que más lo precisan, son aquellas que han cumplido un ciclo de su vida y están próximos a salir ella o sus enfermedades son progresivas y no responden a tratamiento curativo; sus sentimientos son vulnerables, por eso es muy importante acompañar, dedicarles tiempo, estando a su lado, mostrándole nuestro respeto y comprensión, tocarles, escucharles y transmitir nuestro interés a través de los gestos. En la mayoría de ocasiones nuestra presencia es su medicina. Y así conseguiremos que salgan de la vidacon la misma naturalidad con la que un día se incorporaron.
La soledad en el anciano
Authors: Hernández Rodríguez Raúl , Barrio Puertas Sara , Campos Neila Elena , Carabias Bustos Ana Mª , Casado Sampedro Mª Esther , García Albarrán Ana , García Hernández Isabel , Martín Vales Ana , Rodríguez Esteban Laura , Santorun Loira Andrea
Published: December 2020

Introducción: La soledad es la carencia de compañía, implica la falta de contacto con otras personas. Debido a los avances científicos en el ámbito sanitario la media de edad ha aumentado y son cada vez más importantes los cuidados en el anciano para evitar la soledad y los problemas que puede provocar en su salud.Objetivos: Analizar el proceso de valoración de la situación de soledad en la población anciana por los profesionales sanitarios y describir aquellas intervenciones de enfermería que contribuyen a la mejora en dicha situación. Material y métodos: Revisión bibliográfica en las principales bases de datos científicas de artículos en inglés y español de los últimos cinco años. Se ha planteado la pregunta PICO sobre los cuidados del anciano y la soledad. El número de artículos consultados ha sido de 21. Además, se ha revisado la cartera de servicios del SACYL y el motor de búsqueda NNNConsult. Resultados: El uso de diferentes escalas, OARS, UCLA, Gijón o Philadelphia, junto a modelos de valoración de las necesidades, permiten detectar precozmente la soledad en los ancianos y por lo tanto realizar actividades de prevención. La Clasificación de Intervenciones Enfermeras NIC recoge intervenciones de enfermería en consonancia con Diagnósticos Enfermeros NANDA adecuadas a los resultados que esperamos obtener ante la soledad en el anciano. Conclusiones: El personal sanitario es clave en la detección de la soledad en los ancianos a través del uso de los diferentes medios que el sistema sanitario pone a su disposición. Detectarla precozmente evita otros problemas de salud que se dan a causa de esta.
Educational Board Game and Flashcard: Which one is better for learners at beginner level of Chinese language?
Authors: Wen Ju-May , Do Hai Dung , Liu Eric Zhi-Feng , Lin Chun-Hung , Huang Shihping Kevin
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to compare the impacts of flashcard and board games on the learning motivation, flow experience, and learning outcomes of learners of Chinese language. The subjects of this research were 34 learners who took beginner Chinese courses. Empirical research found out that both flashcard and board games have positively significant effects on learners’ learning motivation, flow experience and learning outcomes. In which, learners in the board game group have significantly higher learning outcomes than those in the flashcards group. However, the learning motivation and flow experience of the flashcard group are significantly higher than that of the educational board game group.
A Fundamental Study for Gamification Design: Exploring Learning Tendencies’ Effects
Authors: Zaric Nadja , Lukarov Vlatko , Schroder Ulrik
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we present the fundamental concepts, design, and preliminary findings of a personalized gamification project in the educational context. The project aims to create a balanced, gamified learning environment in which all learners are equally engaged and interested. However, finding the balance between heterogenic learners’ traits and the variety of gamification design elements is a challenging, multistep process. Therefore, this paper presents the first steps towards the design of a balanced gamified environment, in which we a) proposed the Personalized Gamification Design Model (PeGaM) to assist gamification designers in applying a learner-center approach to gamification; b) explored learners’ learning tendencies as personalization criteria and applied PeGaM in the e-learning course, and c) conducted the exploratory study with 124 students to investigate behavioral differences in and between students in the control and treatment group. The study revealed a positive influence of badges, leaderboards, and experience points on learners with reflective, global, visual, and intuitive learning tendencies, and negative on students with sensing learning tendencies. Hence, this study supported the idea of introducing learning tendencies in the gamification design process and indicates the need for further research in this direction.
Exploring tactical choices and game design outcomes in a simple wargame ‘Take that Hill’ by a systematic approach using experimental design.
Authors: Flanagan Mark , Northey Adrian , Robinson Ian
Published: December 2020

Experimental Design (ED) technique is a proven analytical method used in the chemicals industry. We have taken this approach and applied it to Phil Sabin's ‘Take That Hill’, a simple wargame presented at Connections 2014. By evolving the tactical turn game choices into playable full-game strategies, a descriptive set of game outcomes can be delivered and optimised to produce winning strategies. This provides a systematic approach to testing a game, with full post-game deconstructive analysis which is capable of being used to identify flaws, and find optimal strategies in playing the game.  The most successful strategies found by ED outperformed individual strategies developed by experienced players. ED allowed pairing of obvious good play with seemingly counterintuitive play that were found to work well in unexpected combinations.
К ВОПРОСУ ДАТИРОВКИ ОДНОГО ТУРЕЦКОГО ДОКУМЕНТА
Authors: GLOVELİ Kakhaber
Published: December 2020

Конец XVIII- начало XIX вв довольно трудный период в истории Грузии. Осуществляя свои имперские замыслы, Россия методично завладевала Закавказьем. Прекратило свое существование Картл-Кахетинское царство. Свою учесть ожидала и Западная Грузия.
Данныи этап историй Грузии в историографии освещен достаточно хорошо, но не однородно. Часть ученных (Ш. Бурджанадзе, А. Пирцхалаишвили) деятельност царя Имерети Соломона II оценивает негативно, обвиняя царя в османской ориентации, вторая группа (Н. Бердзенишвили, Н. Кортуа, М. Рехвиашвили) вцелом положительно оценивает его деятельность, хотя отмечают, что в конечном счете, царь Имерети все таки делал полезное Османсой империи дело.
С нашей точки зрения деятельность Соломона II критику заслуживает в основном за неправильную внутреннюю политику (ухудшение отношений с Мегрельским и Гурийским княжествами, растрачивая военных ресурсов страны против них), а не за внешнюю политику. Мы не считаем, что Соломон II допустил непростительную ошибку, стараясь наидти поддержку Турции, Персии или даже Франции.
Имерети подверглась натиску с севера, остановить которого можно было или молчаливой покорностью, или же с оружием в руках. Соломон II предпочел второй путь и в противостоянии с Россией в союзники избрал османского султана, ибо считал, что Россия угрожала свержением его власти, а султан не намеревался сделать это.
Опубликованный нами турецкий документ описывает период относящийся к Ахалцихскому пашалыку, Имеретинскому и Картл-Кахетинскому царствам. Изучению данного периода посвящено много интересных работ различных исследователей.
Предлагаемая статья касается одного конкретного отрезка отмеченного периода, сведение о котором сохранено в фонде №1453 Центрального государственного архива истории Грузии. Данное сообщение позволяет определить отношение Соломона II к Османскому султану на фоне Русско-Иранского и Османо-Иранского противостояния и установить против кого собственно собирался царь Имерети- Соломон II.
Таким образом, наша статья является своеобразной попыткой оценить деятельность царя Соломона II. В неравноправной борьбе Имеретинский царь проявлял большую надежду на поддержку со стороны Персии и Османской империи, однако, особое внимание уделял доброжелательному расположению и поддержку султана, поскольку противостояние Персии с Россией из-за княжеств Западной Грузии казалось делом маловероятным.
Использованное нами турецкое сообщение некоторым образом проясняет намерение имеретинского царя- с помощью султана помешать России в завоевании Имерети и таким образом продлит политическое существование последнего грузинского царства.
Comparison of Different Types of Cement Manufacturing
Authors: Amit Saxena
Published: December 2020

In this paper we are discussing wet and dry methodology of Portland solid collecting. Wet methodology minerals are wet ground to shape a slurry and in dry technique minerals are dry ground to outline a powder like substance. In this paper, we are discussing the connection between's wet methodology and dry technique with various central focuses and insults.
Engineered Bio-Inorganic Materials Components in the Various Artificial Compounds
Authors: Rahul Sharma
Published: December 2020

Bioinorganic materials expect the noteworthy activity in each carrying on with living thing. For the most part these blends are responsible for the imperative exercises of a living being, for instance, enzymatic exercises, breath, photosynthesis, metal molecule transport, etc. In continuous time different bioinorganic materials have been organized midway or absolutely in the exploration offices. These built bioinorganic materials fill in as clinical safe house for mankind as they are the key for progression of fake tissues and organs. In this paper we are analyzing about fake organs and related bioinorganic materials.
Chemicals affecting the Manufacturing Process and Application of Types of Wet/Dry Cement
Authors: Ms. Nora Zilam Runera
Published: December 2020

Wet/Dry concrete is a powdered that is the dynamic fixing in concrete. It is portrayed as the holding material having durable and glue properties which makes it competent to join the particular improvement materials and structure the compacted get together. In this paper we have examining different kinds of Portland concrete.
An Experimental Technique and Chemical Datasets analysis for Packed Food
Authors: Prof. Muhamad Angriawan
Published: December 2020

The assurance of rotator for the specific kind of suspension needs some crucial data. The particles, which are accessible in different sizes, their assignment in the medium, one of a kind thickness, thickness, etc are the essential principles. It comprises of a basic screw type transport which evacuates the stored solids. The speed keeps up could be around 8000 rpm in the extent of 70-75% mud dampness. In this paper we are talking about centrifugation of stick juice in the sugar business.
Chemicals Functions of Compounds Ingredients with its Effects
Authors: Prof. Virendra Umale
Published: December 2020

Concrete industry assumes a basic job in the turn of events and improvement of India. It is restricting substance required while building something. In this paper we are talking about different sorts of fixings and the proportion of these fixings that are be utilized in Portland concrete. In this paper we additionally talking about the usefulness of these fixing.
An Experimental Analysis on various states of Dry Cement with Chemical Compounds
Authors: Prof. Vaishali Sarangpure
Published: December 2020

Portland is pressure driven make by finely pounding the clinker created by calcining to early mix a blend of argillaceous and in like way calcareous supplies. It encounters a synthetic response with water units and sets when drawn in with air or besides submerged In this paper we are discussing two assorted methodology to make concrete that are wet system and dry strategy. Wet methodology minerals are wet ground by including water to shape a slurry and a short time later dried. Dry technique minerals are dry ground to shape a powder like substance.
An Experimental Analysis of many Solid Chemicals in Buildings Constructions
Authors: Monika Soni
Published: December 2020

By and by a days, relentless endeavors made on concrete found that changing compound organizations in concrete show different features. For by and large various conditions, the sorts of concrete that could be made particularly by relative extents of the oxide organizations were not seen as sufficient. Tests have been taken to add new materials to the concrete known as added substances, at the hour of pounding or by changing principal crude materials during the creation of concrete.
Manufacturing Process with Various Determinants and Properties of Ordinary Portland Cement
Authors: Prof. Muhamad Angriawan
Published: December 2020

The OPC is silicate cement normally utilized for concrete masonry units and for all uses where the concrete isn't dependent upon unique sulfate hazard or where the heat produced by the hydration of cement isn't objectionable. It has incredible resistance from breaking but has a smaller amount of resistance from chemical attacks. Keywords: OPC, Limestone, clinker etc.
Dry and Wet Process of Portland Cement with Benefits and Limitations
Authors: Prof. Romi Morzelona
Published: December 2020

Portland cement is used around the world and used as a simple component of concrete, mortar, plaster etc. the dry process is used when raw material are relatively hard. This process is slow and its creation is expensive. The wet process consist many operation like mixing, burning and grinding to manufacture the cement.
Novel Approach and Data Analysis of Cane Juice Centrifugation in Sugar Industry
Authors: Ms. Amruta Bijwar
Published: December 2020

Centrifugation is one of the paramount unit operations in the sugar industry. Conventionally it is used after thickening of the cane juice, i.e. at a very high viscosity range. The authors are of the view that a sedimentation centrifuge will have the most suitable. The design features of centrifugals from batch to continuous types have been studies extensively, their operational parameters have also been discussed with practical application by several workers. Apart from centrifugation, the mechanical separation also plays a significant role for removing impurities obtain a comparatively purified product, Screening is also a method employed in various forms in the sugar industry. The speed maintains could be around 8000 rpm in the range of 70-75% mud moisture. The scroll conveyor in this type of centrifuge can arrest suspension particles. The size range of 1-2µm. It can have a wide range of feed flow, which can be estimated on the basis of a full-scale. All these points as discussed for a beneficial adoption of centrifugation of cane juice in the sugar industry.