bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problematic aspects of the process of digital transformation of the Slovak Republic and protection of personal data
Authors: Chepis O. I.
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the overall digital transformation of the Slovak Republic. Particular attention is paid to the Digital Economy and Society Index, which provides a constructive comparison of Slovakia’s performance with other EU member states in a wide range of sectors. It is used to track the progress and level of development of the digital economy and society in the following areas: digital skills and education, digital infrastructure development, digital business transformation, and digitization of public services. In addition to the direct analysis of these four areas, we have separately highlighted the problems of personal data protection in the context of global digitalization and the new challenges associated with it, which should be addressed on the basis of the principle of technological neutrality. This area should be protected by legal acts that can actually guarantee the observance of fundamental rights and freedoms. Currently, Slovakia continues to pursue a digital transformation strategy until 2030, which includes, among other things, the integration of innovative technologies in enterprises, including cloud and edge computing, blockchain, and artificial intelligence. However, despite the active development of the digital economy, the country continues to occupy low positions in EU rankings, as it lags behind the EU average in all key criteria. We have analyzed the key factors that determine this situation: the lack of a unified vision of digital transformation and a single integrated approach; for enterprises that integrate digital technologies, the constant administrative burden, low awareness of financing opportunities and financial instruments, low investment in gigabit connectivity, low mathematical literacy of students and brain drain, the country does not properly monitor the implementation of the policies described in Slovakia’s Digital Transformation Strategy until 2030, etc.
The main aspects of the mechanism for ensuring information security of business activity
Authors: Shevchuk M. O.
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes current issues in protecting the information security of enterprises, which is an integral part of modern business activities. Emphasizing the importance of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information assets, the authors highlight the need to implement comprehensive measures aimed at neutralizing both internal and external threats. By utilizing modern methods of encryption, authentication, and access management, enterprises are capable of integrating information security into their overall business strategy, ensuring its resilience. Focusing on the importance of personnel training, the researchers recommend employing enhanced monitoring mechanisms to timely detect threats, thereby maintaining business stability and competitiveness in the contemporary information landscape. Effective information security of business activities requires the implementation of comprehensive mechanisms that cover both legal and technical aspects. One of the main elements of such a system is the legal framework. Modern laws and regulations create a legal framework for the protection of information data.
Information cooperation between business entities, government agencies and international organizations is one of the main components of the information security system. Cooperation between these entities allows for timely detection and neutralization of threats.
It is necessary to develop mechanisms for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of information security measures. Modern businesses need tools that allow them to respond quickly to threats and adapt to new challenges. Solving these unresolved issues is important for creating a reliable system of ensuring information security of business activities in the modern information environment.
Peculiarities of administrative supervision and control in the field of solar energy by local governments
Authors: Sokolovskyi D. V. , Yurakh V. M.
Published: November 2024

The article is aimed at studying the peculiarities of administrative supervision and control in the field of solar energy by local self-government bodies. The author considers theoretical developments of domestic scholars on this topic, namely, the concepts of supervision and control. It is established that ‘supervision’ and ‘control’ are not identical in nature, since they have a number of differences. Thus, supervision and control differ in terms of their purpose, method of implementation and scope. The author formulates that supervision in the field of solar energy means the activities of authorised bodies in the field of solar energy that monitor individuals and legal entities that use and consume solar energy for their own needs. Instead, control in the field of solar energy is the activity of authorised bodies aimed at verifying compliance of the activities of entities in the field of alternative energy with the established norms, rules and standards in order to ensure the proper performance of tasks and functions.
It is emphasised that despite the significant role of state bodies in the mechanism of supervision and control in the field of solar energy, local self-government bodies perform certain functions. The Law of Ukraine ‘On Alternative Energy Sources’ has shortcomings related to the lack of mention of local governments and their role in the field of renewable energy. Despite the imperfection of the main law in this area, other regulatory acts disclose the competence of local governments in legal relations related to the use of alternative energy sources. Also, the imperfection of the current legislation does not affect the role of local governments, as they are the ones who actually implement the adopted legislative initiatives and regulations in the field of solar energy.
The author concludes that renewable energy, especially solar energy, is gaining momentum in Ukraine, with more than 55,000 households already equipped with solar power plants. However, the rapid development of the industry is forcing the legislator to work hard to develop a regulatory framework and a supervisory mechanism. The latter, in our opinion, has many shortcomings that should be the subject of future research in the future.
Closure of criminal proceedings in case of establishment of circumstances precluding criminal illegality of an act
Authors: Andrusiak H. M.
Published: November 2024

The article highlights the issue of closing criminal proceedings in case of establishing the circumstances which exclude criminal unlawfulness of an act. It is stated that Article 284 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine does not provide for the closure of criminal proceedings in connection with the establishment of a circumstance which excludes criminal unlawfulness of an act. The court practice has identified three options for resolving this situation: closure of criminal proceedings under clause 1, part 1, Article 284 (absence of a criminal offense event), clause 2, part 1, Article 284 (absence of a criminal offense), and delivery of an acquittal under clause 3, part 1, Article 343 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine in the absence of closure of criminal proceedings under clauses 1 or 2, part 2, Article 284 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. Closure of criminal proceedings in connection with the establishment of circumstances that exclude criminal unlawfulness of an act is possible taking into account the legal nature of such circumstances, which should exclude the criminal unlawfulness of the act. The exclusion of criminal unlawfulness relates to such a feature of a criminal offense as an act. If the act contains other elements of a criminal offense (in particular, the consequences of the act), they fall under the element of a specific criminal offense. Given the above, the author proves that closure of criminal proceedings under paragraph 2 of Part 1 of Article 284 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine in case of establishing that an act committed by a person is not criminalized due to the presence of necessary defense does not fully correspond to the legal nature of such circumstances. The author supports the approach of scholars who propose to supplement Part 1 of Art. 284 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine with a new paragraph 2-1 as follows: «the act was committed in the presence of circumstances excluding its criminality».
The place and role of administrative responsibility in the field of protection of intellectual property rights
Authors: Malets M. R.
Published: November 2024

Studying the institute of intellectual property, we can say that this institute has been developing for a long time and continues its evolution even today. Realizing the importance of intellectual activity and property, humanity began active work on its protection and protection. Currently, the protection of the results of intellectual activity is carried out by a special UN institution and each state separately. Which is quite understandable, because intellectual property is something without which the economy and society in general cannot develop these days. The article emphasizes that administrative responsibility as one of the institutes of the field of administrative law performs a preventive and punitive function and is an important element of state influence to prevent and stop the commission of socially dangerous harmful acts. This indicates that one of the priority directions of the development of the legal state should be considered the improvement of intellectual property rights in terms of administrative and legal protection and protection of intellectual property rights.
It has been established that one of the priority directions for the development of the rule of law should be the improvement of intellectual property rights in terms of administrative and legal protection and protection of intellectual property rights. It is about clear and objective regulation of administrative offenses in the field of intellectual property, taking into account adequate measures of administrative and legal responsibility, which in their practical application will prove their effectiveness in countering violations of rights to objects of intellectual property law.
It was established that the current legislation, which provides for administrative responsibility for committing offenses in the field of intellectual property, is in a static state, and therefore there are serious legal gaps, in particular at the local and regional levels, which are not filled by the relevant legal norms. It has also been investigated that, as of today, there is no clear plan of measures to counter offenses in the field of intellectual property.
Peculiarities of the criminal-legal evaluation of public appeals and distribution of materials in social networks
Authors: Vlasov A. , Klymenko S.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the criminal and legal aspects of using social networks to spread information containing calls to commit socially dangerous actions, and the role of such platforms as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, TikTok, and others in the modern information space. Social networks have become an important tool for communication, business and civic engagement, allowing millions of people around the world to interact, create communities, share ideas and information. However, in addition to advantages, they carry threats, in particular, they contribute to the spread of misinformation and manipulation, which negatively affect public opinion and political processes.
The main focus of the article is on analyzing how users’ interaction with content through the functions of «likes» and «reposts» can contribute to the spread of illegal information. Reposting, as a direct action, allows content to be shared quickly and efficiently with other users, expanding its reach, while «liking» can prompt social media algorithms to show that content to a larger audience. Of particular interest is the question of whether these actions can be considered sufficient to bring criminal responsibility for the dissemination of calls to illegal actions.
The article provides examples of court decisions in Ukraine and other countries where «like» is considered as a way of spreading information. In some cases, European courts recognize a like as a form of approval and dissemination of information, which leads to legal liability. However, Ukrainian jurisprudence on this issue remains ambiguous, which requires further research.
The scientific article is aimed at determining the criteria of criminal responsibility for the actions of users in social networks related to the spread of illegal information, as well as researching the technical aspects of the algorithms of the platforms. The authors emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to the legal assessment of user interaction with content, which should take into account not only the content of the information, but also the algorithms of its distribution.
Psychology of prisoners and organization of their resocialization in penitentiary institutions
Authors: Ozerskyi I. V.
Published: November 2024

The article provides a psychological analysis of the organization of social and educational activities in penitentiary institutions and examines the specifics of psychologists’ work in such institutions with prisoners in terms of its optimization. The general status (legal capacity) of a convict does not depend on the qualification of the crime committed or their stay in places of detention. It is determined that the non-personalized quality (feature) of a convict is his general legal status of «convict», not his subjective ability, behavior, personal views, or position in society.
An important stage for each convict is his resocialization, namely the process of consciously returning to normal life and adapting to society. Social and educational work in penitentiary institutions is based on the creation of effective mechanisms for the rehabilitation and resocialization of convicts. The process of resocialization includes changes in the personality of the convict, changes in their consciousness and the formation of an attitude to law-abiding life. The process of psychocorrection and resocialization of discharged prisoner is a new adaptation of the personality to the social midst, adaptation of norms, laws, traditions, customs which were lost earlier or undergone considerable distortion on condition that one was imprisoned. Thus from this stage it will be depended the further lawful and vice versa criminal vital activity of the person. And here, an important role is played by the process of psychocorrection, which allows to eliminate any shortcomings in the development of the convict’s personality. In this case, the convict must be psychologically ready and motivated to change their lifestyle.
In the context of the presented work, the author’s position on the diversity of the object and subject of penitentiary psychology as a separate sub-branch of legal psychology is expressed. This branch of psychology studies the psychological facts, patterns and underlying mechanisms of behavior of convicts in penitentiary institutions, the formation of a socio-psychological model of re-education of prisoners and changes in their negative social and personal attitudes, as well as the development of effective mechanisms of socio-psychological influence used by the staff of penitentiary institutions in the process of executing various types of punishment.
Genesis of the legal status development of virtual asset service providers in the EU
Authors: Mokhniev S. S. , Muzyka-Stefanchuk O. A.
Published: November 2024

The article explores the history of the development of the legal status of virtual asset service providers (VASPs) in the European Union until the publication of the first draft of the EU Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCAR) by the European Commission in September 2020. It examines the early stage of virtual asset regulation in the EU based on the chosen periodization. Special attention is given to the initial research on issues related to virtual assets and European legislative initiatives.
Particular focus is placed on the analysis of documents issued by the European Banking Authority, which addressed consumer warnings about the risks associated with virtual currencies, as well as the authority’s efforts to mitigate systemic risks in the European financial system and the evaluation of those risks in connection with the development of the virtual currency market at that time.
The article also examines documents from the European Central Bank concerning participants of the so-called “virtual currency schemes”. These schemes include entities such as inventors, issuers, miners, processing service providers, users, wallet providers, exchanges, trading platforms, and other actors.
The progression from fragmented research by individual European regulatory bodies to the first pan-European legislative initiative, which aimed to include specific service providers related to the circulation of virtual currencies, particularly custodial wallet providers and services for exchanging virtual currencies into fiat money and vice versa, among the obliged entities for the purposes of prevention of money laundering and terrorist financing. Within this context, the provisions of EU Directives 2015/849 (4AMLD) and 2018/843 (5AMLD) are analyzed, which represent a significant legislative step aimed at strengthening the EU’s framework for combating money laundering and terrorist financing.
The reports of the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) and the European Banking Authority, which preceded the publication of the first draft of the MiCA Regulation, are also considered.
Is a vehicle an object, instrument or means of committing a criminal offense under Article 286 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine?
Authors: Shevchuk V. V.
Published: November 2024

The criminal law provision provided for in Art. 286 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is formulated as a violation of the rules of road safety or operation of transport by persons driving vehicles. It is established that the criminal law doctrine is ambiguous in resolving the issue of the place of a vehicle in the structure of elements of a criminal offense. Some scientific positions are expressed as categorical, which indicates insufficient attention to this issue.
The author conducts a textual analysis of the legislative definition of the concept of “vehicle” provided for in the note to Article 286 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is stated that in the context of determining the content of a vehicle as a sign of a criminal offense, it is necessary to establish compliance with the features of the generic concept of “vehicle” provided for by the Road Traffic Safety Rules, as well as with the special features – the presence of an engine which drives a vehicle or an electric motor with a power of more than 3 kW, while some other types of vehicles can move without such an engine. The author identifies the practical aspects of taking into account the content of the note to Article 286 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in court practice.
The author considers the issue of correlation between such features of a criminal offense as the object, means and instruments of a criminal offense. The author establishes the importance of vehicle use in the mechanism of causing substantial damage to the object of a criminal offense under Article 286 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is emphasized that the use of a vehicle should be recognized as a dynamic feature of the criminal offense under consideration. The author concludes that a vehicle in the construction of this corpus delicti is an instrument of a criminal offense, which is due to the following: a) a vehicle has a direct physical impact on the victim, and therefore the use of this instrument is included by the legislator in the mechanism of causing damage to the direct object; b) the nature of a socially dangerous act in the structure of the objective side of the corpus delicti under Article 286 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine makes it expedient to use an auxiliary instrument.
Victimologicae praeventionis to conflict situations in the context of transitional justice in Ukraine
Authors: Shramko S. S. , Kalinina A. V.
Published: November 2024

The potential conflict situations that may arise as a result of traumatization of society and suggests possible areas of prevention of post-war conflicts had been examined in the article. It is highlighted, that mass traumatization of society creates a state of vulnerability, which affects the need for citizens to defend their rights and causes a distorted perception of reality. In the case of an encroachment on the basic rights of people, the ground for aggression, protests, violence and conflicts at both the individual and group levels is created.
It is argued, that in the context of transitional justice in Ukraine, conflict situations have their own peculiarities, caused by both the ongoing armed conflict in the east of the country and the large-scale aggression by the russian federation. Key conflictogenic situations can be caused by a number of factors, such as: intransigence between different groups of society, issues of criminal prosecution and amnesty, confrontation between internally displaced persons who have returned and the population that has not left the region/settlement, social and political problems in the reintegration of the de-occupied territories, unfair or non-transparent distribution of resources for the restoration of the affected territories, information wars and disinformation, increasing levels of crime, and the It is emphasised that victimological prevention of conflict situations is an important component of preventive activities aimed at reducing the risk of conflict and violence. In the context of conflict situations, the victimology approach helps to minimise risks by analysing and correcting behavioural patterns. In this regard, some elements of the victimological approach to conflict prevention are proposed. It was concluded, that the level of security of an individual, society and the tate depends on the extent to which the State’s security policy corresponds to the real conditions of society. With comprehensive reforms, psychological support, and fair distribution of resources, the risks of new conflicts can be significantly reduced and the peaceful restoration of the country can be facilitated.
Interaction between the police and the population (on the example of Great Britain)
Authors: Nikolenko L. M.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of the interaction between the police and the population (on the example of Great Britain). It was determined that the decentralized policy of building a system of law enforcement agencies in comparison with the centralized one can have a number of advantages, including taking into account the national, cultural, religious and other features of individual regions of the country, which allows the application of the most effective mechanisms of public security.
It is determined that the principle of «policing by consent» is a central principle in the relationship between the police and the population, emphasizes cooperation between them and legality, means that the legitimacy of policing is based on a general consensus of support that arises from transparency of powers, honesty in exercising these powers and responsibility for activities.
It is emphasized that in order to ensure voluntary compliance with the law and positive relations with the population, the police interacts with the help of informational and promotional programs, public consultations and meetings, thereby realizing the principle of public support and cooperation.
The principle of minimum use of force specifies that the use of force by the police should be a measure of last resort, used only when necessary and appropriate to the situation. Police officers are trained in de-escalation techniques and encouraged to use non-violent methods whenever possible.
It is noted that the principle of impartiality and justice contributes to the fact that the police ensure justice and equality of relations with the population, regardless of race, religion, gender or socio-economic status.
The principle of respect for human rights aims at the respect and protection of human rights by the police, ensuring that their actions do not violate civil liberties. Through a combination of a legal framework, rigorous police training, accountability mechanisms and public involvement, UK police are committed to ensuring that their actions consistently protect and respect human rights. This commitment not only increases public trust, but also contributes to a fairer and more equal society.
Maintaining public trust and ensuring police accountability are critical to the continued effectiveness of British policing.
The right to tax
Authors: Pavliuk A. Y.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the nature of the human right to taxes. Peculiarities and prospects of the normative fixation of the human right to taxes in the Constitution of Ukraine and the possibility of establishing specific legal guarantees of the subjects of these legal relations at the level of the Basic Law are analyzed. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive study of the human right to taxes, the possibility of its legal fixation, and an analysis of the mechanisms for protecting this right. The research materials are: 1) normative and legal support for regulating the right to tax; 2) works of domestic and foreign authors conducting scientific and practical research in the field of tax law. The following methods were used in the research process: philosophical, general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge, including synthesis, analysis, induction, deduction, structural-functional method and others. The concept and essence of the human right to taxes, its meaning and main idea are characterized. The tax is considered as a phenomenon of a dual nature, which is not only the duty of the tax payer, but at the same time it is also his right as a member of civil society. A comparative analysis of the understanding of the legal category of tax from the point of view of both positivist and human-centered approaches was carried out. The question of the exchange of public goods between people is revealed. The relationship between the human right to taxes and the category of redistributive justice is determined. The list of the most common public human needs is given. In addition, the legal category public wealth is analyzed. The importance and necessity of conscientious payment of taxes in the conditions of martial law is emphasized. The peculiarities of the protection of the right to taxes are outlined through the prism of the analysis of the decisions of the ECtHR, the EU Court, the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the Supreme Court. Mechanisms for protecting the rights of subjects of tax legal relations based on human-centered positions are analyzed. The advantages of this approach in terms of maintaining the balance of public and private interests of taxpayers and the state are emphasized. Based on these mechanisms, the possibility of overcoming the problem of tax evasion is outlined.
How to Select the Best Paper: Towards Justification (and Possible Enhancement) of Current Semi-Heuristic Procedures
Authors: Zapata F. , Kosheleva O. , Kreinovich V.
Published: November 2024

To select the best paper at a conference or in a journal, people use reasonably standard semi-heuristic procedures like averaging scores. These procedures usually work well, but sometimes, new situations appear for which the existing procedures are not automatically applicable. Since the existing procedures are heuristic, it is often not clear how to extend them to new situations. In this paper, we provide a possible explanation for the existing procedures. This explanations enables us to naturally generalize these processes to possible new situations.
Problems of building a security policy when integrating information systems
Authors: Belim S.V. , Belim S.Yu.
Published: November 2024

The article considers the problem of constructing a security policy when merging two information systems as an optimization task. In this task, two parameters are identified - confidentiality and availability of information. The target function is written down. Options for merging systems with identical security models are considered. The optimality of the proposed solutions is investigated.
Evaluación nutricional y parámetros ruminales del orujo de ciruela en cabras
Authors: Steffen Kevin Denís , Esquivel Agustín , Rodrigues Matías Lucas , Muro María Gabriela , Arias Ruben Omar
Published: November 2024

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la composición nutricional del orujo de ciruela, digestibilidad total y la degradabilidad ruminal de la materia seca y la fracción fibra en cabras. Se utilizaron 4 cabrillas y se suministraron 2 dietas: heno a base de alfalfa (SOC); heno a base de alfalfa + orujo de ciruela (0,5% del PV/día) (COC). Se determinó el consumo total, la digestibilidad total aparente in vivo, la degradabilidad ruminal in vitro de la materia seca y la fibra detergente neutra a las 24 y 48 horas de incubación. El consumo del heno de alfalfa, el de materia seca total y la tasa de sustitución, no observaron diferencias entre tratamientos (p=0,143; p=0,540 y p=0,528, respectivamente). La digestibilidad total aparente de la materia seca consumida, entre COC y SOC arrojaron valores similares (p=0,881). La degradabilidad ruminal in vitro de la materia seca del orujo de ciruela a las 24 y 48 h de incubación fue semejante al heno de alfalfa. La degradabilidad ruminal in vitro de la FDN del heno de alfalfa a las 24 de incubación, no arrojó diferencias (p>0,05) entre COC y SOC. La degradabilidad de la FDN a las 48 h de incubación, fue menor en COC (p<0,05). El orujo de ciruela verificó un leve efecto de sustitución, disminuyendo la degradabilidad ruminal de la fibra del heno de alfalfa, sin modificar la digestibilidad total aparente de la materia seca consumida. Los animales no mostraron síntomas de toxicidad, permitiendo convertir un residuo en un recurso para la alimentación caprina.
implantación del SIGAF en la provincia de Buenos Aires (2007-2018)
Authors: Piana Ricardo Sebastián
Published: November 2024

Este trabajo describe el proceso de implantación del Sistema Integrado de Gestión y Administración Financiera (SIGAF) en la provincia de Buenos Aires y su impacto organizacional a partir de un estudio documental, normativo y de entrevistas realizadas a funcionarios e informantes del período estudiado (2007-2018).
Se estudia la implementación de un sistema informático de gestión; su marco teórico está centrado en un concepto amplio de tecnología, los procesos de su difusión y los efectos que ella tiene sobre la organización. A partir de ese enfoque podremos advertir cómo el modelo de administración financiera constituyó un desarrollo tecnológico que logró difundirse en toda la Región, pero la Provincia de Buenos Aires fue un actor institucional rezagado. Es por ello que el estudio del contexto es un elemento central para comprender ese impasse.
De las entrevistas advertiremos los conflictos en las estrategias de su implementación y, finalmente, en atención al modelo informático del SIGAF, podremos deducir algunos efectos sobre la Contaduría General de la Provincia como organismo impulsor del proyecto y órgano rector del Subsistema de Contabilidad Gubernamental y responsable del control interno de la gestión económico- financiera del Sector Público Provincial.
Sobre la globalidad del imperio romano
Authors: Moreno Agustín
Published: November 2024

El artículo pretende revisar la petición de principio que conlleva la propuesta británica de emplear el concepto de globalización como alternativa al paradigma de romanización: la idea de considerar al imperio romano como un imperio global. Para ello, se tendrá en cuenta el debate específico en que los autores de la propuesta se sitúan.
Juegos de enamorados en De nuptiis Philolgiae et Mercurii de Marciano Capela
Authors: Cardigni Julieta
Published: November 2024

En su obra De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii, Marciano Capela propone un epitalamio alegórico (libros I y II) en el cual Mercurio busca esposa, y Filología es elegida para ese rol. Entre los libros III y IX se desarrolla el banquete de bodas, en el cual las Artes liberales, damas de honor de Filología, exponen los contenidos de las disciplinas que representan. Además de las frecuentes lecturas “directas” de la obra, que la postulan como una fuente de información valiosa, hay otras que se centran en elementos como la ficción y la parodia, que convierten a este manual en una controversial sátira menipea que, antes que proponer modelos de saber, los critica y ridiculiza. En línea con esta interpretación, nos centramos en este trabajo en la sección inicial del epitalamio alegórico (II.99-109), en que Filología realiza un juego numérico- literario para averiguar si su nombre y el de su prometido son compatibles para la vida matrimonial. Buscamos demostrar que la utilización del juego matemático, de tradición pitagórica y hermética, es subvertido por la pluma de Marciano y puesto en función del juego amoroso como un recurso más en su composición paródica.
A review on antimicrobial properties of nano-ferrites: Biomedical applications
Authors: Shweta G. M. , Naik Lalsingh , Kakati Sushant , Pujar Rangappa , Mathad Shridhar , Shirgaonkar Deepak
Published: November 2024

This review focuses on ferrites, which are gaining popularity with their unique properties like high electrical resistivity, thermal stability, and chemical stability, making them suitable for versatile applications both in industry and in biomedicine. This review is highly indicative of the importance of synthesis technique in order to control ferrite properties and, consequently, their specific applications. While synthesizing the materials with consideration of certain properties that help in certain methods of preparation using polyol route, green synthesis, sol-gel combustion, or other wise to tailor make certain properties shown by ferrites, this study also covers biomedical applications of ferrites, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), drug delivery systems, cancer hyperthermia therapy, and antimicrobial agents. This was able to inhibit the growth of all tested Gram-negative and positive bacteria as compared with pure ferrite nanoparticles without Co, Mn or Zn doping. In addition, ferrites possess the ability to be used in environmental remediation; such as treatment of wastewater which makes them useful for high-surface-area and adsorption capacity due heavy metals and organic pollutants. A critical analysis of functionalization strategies and possible applications are presented in this work to emphasize the capability of nanoferrites as an aid for the advancement both biomedical technology and environmental sustainability due to their versatile properties combined with a simple, cost effective synthetic methodology.
Article driving forward: Exploring internationalization and innovation in urban road passenger transport—A case study analysis
Authors: Rodrigues Rosa , Brederode Manuel , Rodrigues António
Published: November 2024

The process of internationalization and innovation (IPI) in the urban road passenger transport (URPT) sector is driven by the need to provide cities with efficient and sustainable mobility solutions. The objective of this study is to understand the perceptions of URPT employees in relation to PII, based on a comprehensive case study. By exploring how these two concepts interrelate and influence each other, the study seeks to provide valuable information that can help improve strategic planning and policy formulation in the urban transport sector. The research, based on semi-structured interviews with 20 employees, reveals significant gaps in internal communication, with only about half of the participants aware of ongoing national and international projects. Information was often limited to those directly involved, indicating a need for improved dissemination strategies. Despite these communication issues, employees positively view the company’s presence at international events and recognize the importance of involvement in European organizations, particularly for knowledge acquisition and networking. Challenges identified include inadequate internal communication and insufficient investment in international projects. However, there was strong agreement on the value of internationalization and innovation process (IIP) for both professional development and organizational growth. To enhance the company’s international presence and return on investment (ROI), the study recommends better coordination, improved information sharing, and strategic planning. These findings emphasize the critical role of effective communication and active participation in international initiatives for the sustainable growth of the organization.
Performance comparison of machine learning and deep learning models for supply chain tier order quantity prediction: Emphasis on tree-based and CNN-BILSTM approaches
Authors: Park Kyoungjong
Published: November 2024

This study conducts a comparative analysis of various machine learning and deep learning models for predicting order quantities in supply chain tiers. The models employed include XGBoost, Random Forest, CNN-BiLSTM, Linear Regression, Support Vector Regression (SVR), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM), Bidirectional GRU (BiGRU), Conv1D-BiLSTM, Attention-LSTM, Transformer, and LSTM-CNN hybrid models. Experimental results show that the XGBoost, Random Forest, CNN-BiLSTM, and MLP models exhibit superior predictive performance. In particular, the XGBoost model demonstrates the best results across all performance metrics, attributed to its effective learning of complex data patterns and variable interactions. Although the KNN model also shows perfect predictions with zero error values, this indicates a need for further review of data processing procedures or model validation methods. Conversely, the BiLSTM, BiGRU, and Transformer models exhibit relatively lower performance. Models with moderate performance include Linear Regression, RNN, Conv1D-BiLSTM, Attention-LSTM, and the LSTM-CNN hybrid model, all displaying relatively higher errors and lower coefficients of determination (R²). As a result, tree-based models (XGBoost, Random Forest) and certain deep learning models like CNN-BiLSTM are found to be effective for predicting order quantities in supply chain tiers. In contrast, RNN-based models (BiLSTM, BiGRU) and the Transformer show relatively lower predictive power. Based on these results, we suggest that tree-based models and CNN-based deep learning models should be prioritized when selecting predictive models in practical applications.
Scientific research in engineering with the advent of ChatGPT
Authors: Milla Pino Manuel Emilio , Rodriguez Ordoñez Freddi Roland , Shimabuku Ysa Ricardo Angel , Jara Llanos Diomer Marino , Torres Cruz Maria Marleni , Cayatopa Calderón Billy Alexis , Fernández Jeri Armstrong Barnard
Published: November 2024

The objective of this work was to analyze the effect of the use of ChatGPT in the teaching-learning process of scientific research in engineering. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a topic of great interest in higher education, as it combines hardware, software and programming languages to implement deep learning procedures. We focused on a specific course on scientific research in engineering, in which we measured the competencies, expressed in terms of the indicators, mastery, comprehension and synthesis capacity, in students who decided to use or not ChatGPT for the development and fulfillment of their activities. The data were processed through the statistical T-Student test and box-and-whisker plots were constructed. The results show that students’ reliance on ChatGPT limits their engagement in acquiring knowledge related to scientific research. This research presents evidence indicating that engineering science research students rely on ChatGPT to replace their academic work and consequently, they do not act dynamically in the teaching-learning process, assuming a static role.
Prophylactic antibiotic use is common in dogs and cats presenting for procedures at veterinary referral dental practices
Authors: Volk Allison C. , Goldschmidt Stephanie L. , Bollig Emma R. , Montebello Jennifer A. , Granick Jennifer L.
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE

Antimicrobial stewardship is critical for the prevention of antimicrobial resistance. A lack of prescribing guidelines makes overprescribing in veterinary dentistry likely and represents an opportunity for improvement of stewardship practices. This study described prescribing practices of residency-trained and board-certified veterinary dentists for dogs and cats undergoing dental procedures.

METHODS

Antibiotic-use data were collected from the first 10 patients presenting for a dental procedure at each of 22 participating clinics beginning on October 2, 2023.

RESULTS

35% of patients undergoing procedures received 1 or more systemically administered antibiotic, most commonly amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, ampicillin-sulbactam, and clindamycin. Half (43 of 85 [50.6%]) of prescriptions for dogs were for perioperative or postoperative prophylaxis. For dogs, antibiotic duration for prophylactic versus treatment purposes was not significantly different. Common conditions included periodontal disease, tooth fractures, and oral masses. Comorbid conditions were present in 22.3% (49 of 220) of patients. Presence of comorbid conditions was not a risk factor for antibiotic prescribing. Tooth extractions were a risk factor for antibiotic prescribing among patients with periodontal disease, and those with ≥ 11 were more likely to receive antibiotics than those with < 5 extractions.

CONCLUSIONS

This study characterized antibiotic use among canine and feline dental procedures performed by residency-trained and board-certified veterinary dentists and identified tooth extractions as a risk factor for antibiotic prescribing.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The results obtained from this study provide insight into prescribing practices in a referral setting and impetus to develop outcomes-based studies to determine the need for prophylactic antibiotics during specific procedures, especially tooth extractions.
Reforma do ensino médio, BNCC e o ensino de arte
Authors: Gonzalez Jeferson Anibal , Chakirian Barretto Coelho Carla
Published: November 2024

A história do Ensino Médio no Brasil é formada de tensões, conflitos e disputas em torno de sua organização, finalidade e identidade e determinada pelas contradições da formação social do País. Com isso em mente, por meio de um estudo de natureza teórico-bibliográfica, no presente artigo analisam-se os pressupostos da reforma do Ensino Médio, da Base Nacional Comum Curricular e o ensino de arte à luz da pedagogia histórico-crítica. Busca-se, assim, contribuir para a construção coletiva de uma educação que proporcione o acesso das camadas populares aos níveis mais elevados das ciências, da filosofia e da arte visando a uma transformação radical da sociedade.
The Exploration of Perceptions, Attitudes, and Preventive Behaviors Regarding COVID-19 Among People in Northern Thailand After the Peak Outbreak Period: A Qualitative Study
Authors:   Faculty of Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Wungrath Jukkrit , Khumai Nutthathida ,   Faculty of Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Saengyo Suwinai ,   Research Institute of Health Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Phrommasen Phinphot ,   Health Promotion Center Region 1, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand
Published: November 2024

After COVID-19 peak outbreaks, maintaining adherence to preventive measures remains challenging but critical to prevent resurgence. This study examined COVID-19 perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and barriers among Northern Thais during waning crises. Thirty-six participants participated in focus groups, and 11 completed in-depth interviews regarding COVID-19 perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and obstacles after regional peak outbreaks. Thematic analysis identified key themes. The results revealed that participants perceived COVID-19 severity and risks had decreased compared to peak crises. Attitudes were that public health agencies less strictly enforced control measures. Mask-wearing, distancing, and other preventive behaviors declined sharply. Complacency, fatigue, reduced messaging, and enforcement were cited as barriers. As peak COVID-19 outbreaks stabilize, risk perceptions can decline, reducing adherence to restrictions and preventives. Renewed messaging and motivation strategies are imperative to prevent premature control relaxation during waning crises. Ongoing communication should sustain public understanding of persisting risks and appropriate precautions.
Aeroengine Disc Simulation Specimen Fatigue Life Prediction Using Modified Critical Distance Theory
Authors: Sun Qian-Yang , Li Yan-Jie , Zhang Da-Hai , Lu Fang-Zhou , Xu Pei-Fei , Zhang Pei-Wei , Fei Qing-Guo
Published: November 2024

The turbine disc is a critical component of an aeroengine, where the mortise experiences severe stress concentration due to the notch effect, making it a vulnerable position for disc fatigue failure. In this study, the simulation specimens were designed based on the mortise structure. Fatigue tests were conducted to explore the failure mechanism under fatigue loading. Elastic-plastic finite element analyses were performed subsequently to investigate the distribution of local mean stress and stress gradient near the notch. Considering the influence of local mean stress and stress gradient, a novel fatigue life prediction method was proposed based on the theory of critical distance (TCD). This method overcomes the disadvantages of the TCD in which the critical distance cannot be determined beforehand and the requirement of a complex iterative process when predicting fatigue life. By using this method, the predicted fatigue life of the simulation specimens under different loads is within [Formula: see text] error factor.
Effectiveness of a program in the reduction of cardiovascular risk factors.
Authors:   Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Perú, Montalvo Raul , Castro Lorenzo ,   Hospital Regional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Huancayo, Perú, Ingaruca Tania ,   Hospital Regional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Huancayo, Perú, Rojas Armida ,   Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Perú, Ochoa Salome ,   Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Perú
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such as overweight, dyslipidemia, hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM2) has increased in recent decades, so there are multiple programs to reduce this prevalence. Objective: To evaluate the early effect of a program aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk factors in secondary education teachers. Methods: An intervention study was carried out based on the application of physical exercises and nutritional education workshops once a week for three consecutive months. General data were recorded and the lipid profile, glucose, blood pressure and body composition were quantified by using the bioimpedance balance, at the beginning of the intervention and 3 months later in the intervention group and the control group. To evaluate the effect of the program, the averages were compared and the level of significance was defined at 0.05. Results: Of a total of 556 people who completed the study, the average age was 44 years; overweight and obesity was at 65.5%. In the intervention group, an increase in HDL cholesterol was evident (OR 1.409; 95% CI 1.213-2.089; p=0.037); decrease in total weight (OR 1.135; CI5% 1.081-1.424; p=0.041) and decrease in visceral fat (OR 2.651; CI5% 1.781-3.271; p=0.024). Conclusion: The intervention program based on weekly exercise and nutritional educational workshop is effective in the short term in reducing some cardiovascular risk factors.