bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of α-Lipoic Acid in Diabetic Polyneuropathy Treatment
Authors: Bureković Azra , Terzić Mirsada , Alajbegović Salem , Vukojević Zoran , Hadžić Nedžad
Published: January 2018

Diabetic neuropathy represents late diabetes complications, and diabetes duration and long-term hyperglycemia are the main reasons for polyneuropathy. The goal was to estimate the effects of alpha-lipoic acid on symptoms of diabetic neuropathy after 600 mg i.v. for 3 weeks and 3 months of 300-600 mg of alpha-lipoic acid per os. This study has been designed as a multicentric, in 5-centers in B&H, carried out by 5 physicians with 20 diabetic patients each. Following parameters were monitored in 100 diabetics suffering from Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, both men and women: diabetes duration, diabetes therapy, duration of polyneuropathy symptoms, height, weight, BMI (body mass index), subjective assessment of patients, objective examinations of physicians and subjective assessment of physicians. 100 diabetics, average age 61,36; oldest 79, youngest 40, suffered from diabetes in average 11,9 years. There were 35 men and 65 women, 16 with Type 1 and 80 with Type 2 diabetes, while 4 patients were not classified. 69 were having insulin therapy and 31 oral hypoglicemics. Shortest diabetic status was less than a year, and longest was 28 years. Average duration of polyneuropathic symptoms was 3,02 years, shortest was less than a year, and the longest was 15 years. Average height was 1,70 m, average weight 76,13 kg, and average BMI 26,51 kg/m2. Significant statistic differences in improvement were recorded (P>0,05) according to Fridman's test for repeated measurements compared to initial findings in assessments: sensory symptoms of polyneuropathy, pain sensations as polyneuropathy symptoms, total score of polyneuropathy symptoms, subjective assessment of patients, subjective findings of physicians, and significant differences were not find (P>0,05) in autonomous and motoric neuropathy. Based on the conducted study, we have concluded that the application of alpha-lipoic acid during 3 months has helped to decrease the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy and in only one case out of 100 included patients there was no subjective improvement after drug application.
RT-PCR Detection of HIV in Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Bosevska Golubinka , Panovski Nikola , Dokić Eleni , Grunevska Violeta
Published: January 2018

The aim of the study was to detect HIV RNA in seropositive patients using RT-PCR method and thus, to establish PCR methodology in the routine laboratory works.The total of 33 examined persons were divided in two groups: 1) 13 persons seropositive for HIV; and 2) 20 healthy persons - randomly selected blood donors that made the case control group. The subjects age was between 25 and 52 years (average 38,5).ELFA test for combined detection of HIV p24 antigen and anti HIV-1 + 2 IgG and ELISA test for detection of antibodies against HIV-1 and HIV-2, were performed for each examined person. RNA from the whole blood was extracted using a commercial kit based on salt precipitation. Detection of HIV RNA was performed using RT-PCR kit. Following nested PCR, the product was separated by electrophoresis in 1,5 % agarose gel. The result was scored positive if the band of 210bp was visible regardless of intensity Measures of precaution were taken during all the steps of the work and HIV infected materials were disposed of accordingly.In the group of blood donors ELFA, ELISA and RT-PCR were negative. Assuming that prevalence of HIV infection is zero, the clinical specificity of RT-PCR is 100 %. The analytical specificity of RT-PCR method was tested against Hepatitis C and B, Human Papiloma Virus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex Virus, Rubella Virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Chlamydia trachomatis. None of these templates yielded amplicon. In the group of 13 seropositive persons, 33 samples were analyzed. HIV RNA was detected in 15 samples. ELISA and ELFA test were positive in all samples. Different aliquots of the samples were tested independently and showed the same results. After different periods of storing the RNA samples at -70°C, RT-PCR reaction was identical to the one performed initially. The obtained amplicons were maintained frozen at -20°C for a week and the subsequently performed electrophoresis was identical to the previous one. The reaction is fast, simple for manipulation; with low detection level of 60 IU/ml. RT-PCR needs a small amount of RNA, as well as a small volume of sample. HIV RNA was detected in different periods of time with different clinical presentations in patients, with or without antiretroviral therapy.RT-PCR method gives the opportunity for reliable determination of HIV-1 RNA with border of detection of 60 IU/ml. The test is reproducible and has high analytical and clinical specificity
Pattern of Head and Neck Malignant Tumours in a Tuzla ENT Clinic – A Five Year Experience
Authors: Altumbabić Hasan , Salkić Almir , Ramaš Almedina , Burgić Musfaha , Kasumović Merima , Brkić Fuad
Published: January 2018

Head and neck neoplasia can affect certain fundamental functions, including eating, drinking, speaking and respiration. One overriding factor in deciding on treatment policy is the tendency for head and neck malignancy to be limited to the primary site and regional lymph nodes with surgery and chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The aim of the study was to analyze the occurrence of Head and Neck tumours operated at ENT clinic Tuzla, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Medical records of patients with histopathologically confirmed head and neck malignancies over a 5 year period (2003-2007) were analyzed. Eight hundred and eight one (881) cases, made up of 519 (58,8%) males and 362 (41,1%) females were found. The most common sites for head and neck malignancies were found to be in the larynx (26,1%), oral cavity (21,7%), the thyroid gland (14,64 %) and the neck (8,51%). A total of 230 patients were diagnosed with laryngeal carcinoma (M:173; E57), showing the increasing number of female patients. The histopathological tumour types found in this work were mostly squamous cell carcinoma (72,09%), papillary carcinoma (12,2%), while many other minor histopathological variants accounted for 13%. The most patients were presented with stage I and stage III of disease (27% and 28,3%), and 19,9% with stage IV. About 40% of patients did not have data about smoking habit and alcohol drinking. The incidence of head and neck tumours seems to be relatively high, but without significant increase during investigated period. More investigation concerning risk factors, diagnostic procedures, and management strategies should be done in future.
Our Experiences with Erlotinib in Second and Third Line Treatment Patients with Advanced Stage Iiib/ Iv Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Mehić Bakir , Stanetić Mirko , Tinjić Ljuljeta , Smoljanović Vlatka
Published: January 2018

HeadHER1/EGFR is known to play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and is overexpressed in up to 80% of NSCLCs. The study of an Expanded Access Clinical Program of Erlotinib in NSCLC is a phase IV openlabel, non-randomized, multicenter trial in patients with advanced (inoperable stage IIIb/IV) NSCLC who were eligible for treatment with erlotinib but had no access to trial participation. Patients for the study from Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) were selected from two Clinical centres (Sarajevo and Banja Luka). The aim of study was to evaluated efficacy and tolerability of erlotinib monotherapy in this setting. All patients who received at least one dose of erlotinib and data were entered in the database as of the CRF cut-off date of 14th May 2008 were included in analysis of data (n = 19). This population is defined as the Intent to Treat (ITT) population and includes all patients who had at least one dose of erlotinib regardless of whether major protocol violations were incurred. The findings are consistent with the results of the randomized, placebo-controlled BR.21 study. Indicating that erlotinib is an effective option for patients with advanced NSCLC who are unsuitable for, or who have previously failed standard chemotherapy. In B&H group of patients DCR was almost 84%, and PFS was approximately 24,7 weeks (compared with 44% and 9,7 weeks for erlotinib reported in phase III). Almost three quarter of the patients received erlotinib as their second line of therapy. Overall, erlotinib was well tolerated; there were no patients who withdrew due to a treatment-related AE (mainly rash) and there were few dose reductions. 24% of patients experienced an SAE (most commonly gastrointestinal (GI) disorders).
The Effects of Different Concentrations of Acetylsalicylic Acid on Proliferation and Viability of Lymphocytes in Cell Culture
Authors: Dujić Tanja , Čaušević Adlija , Malenica Maja
Published: January 2018

Numerous studies conducted on acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, aspirin) confirmed that ASA inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in various types of human cells. Therefore, it was of interest to examine possible effects of different concentrations of ASA on viability and proliferation of lymphocytes in the cell culture. After separation from blood, lymphocytes were suspended in RPMI 1640 medium and cultured at 37°C. Solution of ASA was added to cultures after 24h, in final concentrations of 1, 3 and 5 mmol/l. After 48h, proliferative response was evaluated by WST-1 assay. Significant difference in viability between controls and cell cultures treated with ASA in three different concentrations was observed (p < 0,01). Percents of viable cells in cultures after application of 1, 3 and 5 mmol/l ASA were 9,9%, 2,5% and 16,9% (compared to controls), respectively. To determine whether this cytotoxic effect was result of induction of apoptosis, DNA from cell cultures was isolated and subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis. Fragmentation of DNA was not detected, excluding apoptosis as possible cause of cytotoxic effects. Addition of ASA caused change of initial extracellular pH value for each treated culture. After addition of 1 mmol/l ASA, pH of culture was 7,19, after 3 mmol/L, 6,99 and after addition of 5 mmol/l solution, pH was 6,75. Decreased lymphocyte viability could be attributed to either the effects of the added substance or possible further acidification of cell cultures during three days of incubation.
Effects of Fixed Combination of Lisinopril Plus Hydrochlorothiazide on Regression of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients With Essential Hypertension: An Opened, Multi-Centre, Prospective Clinical Trial
Authors: Gerc Vjekoslav , Begović Begler , Vehabović Midhat , Voronkov Leonid Georgievich , Vataman Eleonora , Musić Ljiljana , Bukša Marko , Kušljugić Zumreta , Baraković Fahir , Iosifovna Tchelujko Vera , Ivanovich Dyaduk Alexander , Alekseevna Andrievskaja Svetlana , Eduardovich Bagrij Andrey , Nikolaevich Polivoda Sergey , Lazarević Aleksandar , Knežević Božidarka , Hima Faik
Published: January 2018

The aim of this trial was to examine the effects of antihypertensive fixed combination of lisinopril plus hydrochlorothiazide (Lopril H, Bosnalijek dd, Bosnia and Herzegovina) on regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with essential arterial hypertension. We included 297 patients in our trial, aged 54,65±9,6 years, with treated or untreated hypertension and with high risk of cardiac events, in an opened trial of therapy based on lisinopril plus hydrochlorothiazide. Patients from five European countries were followed up for a period of 12 weeks. Duration of treatment was 12 weeks. We adjusted daily doses of lisinopril plus hydrochlorothiazide after every clinical examination and recorded adverse effects of drugs.In the beginning and after 12 weeks of treatment, 277 patients (93,2%) underwent 2-dimensional echocardiography and there were 186 patients evaluated for efficacy of treatment on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). We recorded a regression of index mass LVH (168,56 vs 161,51 g/m2, P<0,0001), and regression was something more in women vs men.We recorded average reduction of left ventricular mass index for patients with LVH (N=186) by 7,05 g/m2 (4,18%) in all patients, by 6,73 g/m2 (3,93%) in men and 7,27 g/m2 (4,37%) in women. The proportion of patients who attained a regression of left ventricular mass tended to be greater in men (54,55% vs 53,21%).This research has proved regression of LVH in more than 53% patients after using fixed combination of lisinopril plus hydrochlorothiazide.
Optimization of Diagnostic Elisa - Based Tests for the Detection of Auto-Antibodies Against Tumor Antigens in Human Serum
Authors: Štefatić Daria , Riederer Monika , Balić Marija , Dandachi Nadia , Stanzer Stefanie , Janesch Birgit , Resel Margit , Ler Darko , Samonigg Hellmut , Bauernhofer Thomas
Published: January 2018

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancer types worldwide and it continues to be a serious public health problem. Early detection and diagnosis are of great importance in cancer management. At present, diagnostic blood tests are based on the detection of tumor-associated markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), the cancer antigen CA19-9 for gastrointestinal cancer, CA15-3 for breast cancer or CA125 for ovarian cancer. The lack of sensitivity and specificity of these markers prevents their general use in cancer screening of an average risk population. Therefore, new cancer biomarkers or better screening methods are necessary to improve the diagnostics of the disease. This study was directed to the optimization of a diagnostic, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based test to identify and validate new serum markers, such as extracellular Protein Kinase A (ecPKA) and Nicotinamide A-Meth- yltransferase (NNMT). In this type of assay, the cancer antigens are quantified indirectly - by detecting the presence of auto-antibodies against tumor proteins in human serum. The result of the optimization and validation process was in the case of ecPKA a reproducible and stable assay. In case of NNMT the assay was probably not sensitive enough.
Epidemiologic Genotyping of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)
Authors: Ostojić Maja
Published: January 2018

čćStaphylococcus aureus has long been recognized as one of the leading cause of hospital infections all over the world. Increased frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospitalized patients and possibility of vancomycin resistance requires rapid and reliable characterization of isolates and control of MRSA spread in hospitals. Typing of isolates helps to understand pathogenesis and route of the hospital pathogen spread. In this study in the analysis of an outbreak of MRSA infections in one surgical ward, we used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) as a method of typing. PFGE revealed one epidemic strain type A in 13 out of 16 patients, and another two types (type B in two patients and type C in one patient). Discussing the typing results in the ward has changed the admission policy of patients with infected vascular ulcers who were then cured as outpatients, and admitted for surgery after that. This policy resulted with the stopping of the outbreak; during next 2,5 year there was no further MRSA outbreak in the ward. PFGE also showed subtypes which enabled the insight into dynamics of MRSA strain changes during the outbreak. PFGE could be recommended as a screening method in the MRSA outbreak analysis. Because of it’s high discriminatory power still remains the gold standard for MRSA typing
Managament of Conversions to Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Beating Heart Coronary Surgery
Authors: Mujanović Emir , Bergsland Jacob , Stanimirović-Mujanović Sanja , Kabil Emir
Published: January 2018

This study investigated outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), who needed conversion to CPB. Between September, 1998 and September, 2003, 1000 CABG procedures were performed in a Cardiovascular Clinic, University Clinical Centre Tuzla. Multivessel CABG were selected arbitrarily for CABG without CPB (OPCAB) or CABG with CPB (ONCAB). Patients who required conversion due to technical difficulty with grafting were performed with ONCAB including cardioplegic arrest. Patients with severe hemodynamic instability and cardiac arrest were performed as ONCAB without crossclamping, while patients converted for mild to moderate hemodynamic instability were given cardioplegic arrest or not, depending on surgeon preference. 493 operations were scheduled and performed as ONCAB (49,3%), 468 as OPCAB (46,8%) and 39 originally scheduled OPCAB operations were converted to ONCAB (7,7% of originally scheduled OPCAB patients or 3,9% of total number of CABG). Reasons for conversions were: mild to severe hemodynamic instability - 28 (71,8%); poor vessels or difficult graft revision - 11 (28,2%). Patients converted because of technical difficulty or mild hemodynamic instability behaved as regular ONCAB patients. In the 9 patients who were emergently converted due to cardiac arrest or ventricular fibrillation, 3 patients had stroke and 3 severe myocardial ischemia requiring intraaortic balloon pump. It is of great importance to keep conversions to CPB due to cardiac arrest at a low level. The serious complications seen in such patients can significantly impede the overall benefits of a successful OPCAB program.
Amino-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptid in Prediction of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
Authors: Bajrić Mugdim , Baraković Fahir , Kušljugić Zumreta , Salkić Nermin , Jahić Elmir , Aščerić Mensura , Ljuca Farid , Mršić Denis , Smajić Elnur , Čaluk Jasmin , Hajrić Ramiz
Published: January 2018

We aimed to evaluate levels of amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptid (NT-proBNP) in prediction of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in heart failure patients. Prospective study on 60 consecutive patients with symptoms and signs of heart failure was performed. Blood samples for NT-proBNP analysis was taken from all test subjects and echocardiography was also done in all of them. According to LVEF value, patients were divided into four groups; those with <30%, 31 to 39%, 40 to 49% and >50%. NT-proBNP values correlated with LVEF value. Regression analyis was used to evaluate how well NT-proBNP values predict LVEF. We used Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve calculation to evaluate diagnostic performance of NT-proBNP in estimation of LVEF. Average value of NT-proBNP in test group was 3191,69±642,89 pg/ml (p<0,001). Average value of NT-proBNP decreased with higher LVEF categories with significant (p<0,001) and high negative correlation (r = -0,75). Stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis showed that logarithmic value of NT-proBNP was excellent predictor of LVEF value (p<0,05). Model equation based on regression analysis was LVEF=88,645-15,311 x log (NT-proBNP). Predictive model for LVEF yielded from regression analysis had sensitivities of 98% and 81%, specificities of 20% and 90%, positive predictive values of 86% and 78% and negative predictive values of 67% and 92% for predicting patients with LVEF<50% and LVEF<40%, respectively. There was negative linear correlation between NT-proBNP and LVEF. NT-proBNP was excellent predictor of LVEF value (p<0,05).
Biochemical Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effectiveness of Honey in Oral Mucosal Ulcers
Authors: Yılmaz Nergiz , Nisbet Özlem , Nisbet Cevat , Ceylan Gözlem , Hoşgör Fatih , Dede Ö.Doğu
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to describe and quantify the therapeutic value of honey in oral mucosal ulcers healing in comparison with Glyceroloxytriester (TGO). We also aimed to biochemically evaluate the healing effects of honey which had been collected from the Blacksea region flora on mucosal ulcers resulting in material loss.Thirty wistar rats (240±30 g) were enrolled in this study. Excisional wounds were performed in all rats for animal oral mucosal ulcer model. They were randomly allocated to three groups: group 1 was treated with Apitherapeutic agent or honey (0,1 ml, 2x1), group 2 was treated with TGO (0,1ml, 2x1) locally, Group 3 served as the control group.Following the surgical procedure on day 7, biopsy specimens were taken from right buccal mucosa and on day 14 biopsy specimens were taken from left bucal mucosa in all rats. Afterwards, hydroxy pyroline levels were measured. Data were analyzed statisticallyThere was no statistically significant difference between Group 1 and 2, and also between Group 2 and 3, but there was statistically significant difference between Group 1 and 3 on day 7. There was no statistically significant difference between Group 1, 2 and 3 on day 14.
The Possible Role of Early Post-Transplant Inflammation in Later Anemia in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Imamović Goran , Zerem Enver , Omerović Safet , Osmanović Enes , Hodžić Emir
Published: January 2018

Delayed kidney graft function and acute rejection in the early post-transplant period affect both short and long-term allograft survival. Allograft rejection, as an inflammatory state, results in increased eryth-ropoietin resistance, which leads to decreased haemoglobin (Hb) level. We conducted this study to evaluate whether inflammation in the early post-transplant period could predict later anemia.This is a retrospective cohort study based on the analysis of 64 existing clinical records. Predictor. White blood cells (WBC) count obtained by the end of the first week post-transplant (W1). Covariates. Donor’s age, recipient’s age and sex. Outcome. Anemia identified at 12 months (M12) post engraftment.Median WBC count at W1 was 9,5 x103^L (5th - 95th percentile 5,2 x103^L -17,8 x 103/μΚ). Mean Hb values at M12 were 129,9 ± 20,3 g/L, in males 136,2 ± 20,1 g/L and in females 119,4 ± 16,2 g/L. The significant correlation was found between WBC at W1 and Hb at M12. Pearson coefficient of correlation r was -0,26, and 95% confidence interval (CI) for r was -0,47 to -0,015 (p=0,03). Univariate logistic regression showed significant association between WBC at W1 and Hb at M12 (OR 1,20; 95% CI 1,04 to 1,39, p=0,01). After the adjustment for donor’s and recipient’s age by transplantation and recipient’s sex, multiple regression showed that WBC count remained predictive of anemia at M12 (OR 1,17; 95% CI 1,01 to 1,36, p=0,03).Early post-transplant inflammatory response predicts later anemia in kidney transplant recipients. An increase in WBC count in the first week post-transplant by 109/L increases the risk for anemia after twelve months by 17%.
Outpatient Management of Oral Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Kulo Aida , Mulabegović Nedžad , Kusturica Jasna , Hadžić Hasija , Burnazović-Ristić Lejla , Rakanović-Todić Maida , Mehmedović Amila , Lepara Orhan
Published: January 2018

Due to heightened risk for thromboembolic complications, nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) presents an absolute indication for long-term oral anticoagulation therapy. This was an observational, analytical, randomised, one-year clinical study, conducted in the Blood Transfusion Institute Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herzegovina. The aim of this study was to present the oral anticoagulation treatment in terms of International normalised ratio (INR) monitoring and warfarin/acenocoumarol dose titration in 117 patients with NVAF. INR values, the doses of warfarin and acenocoumarol, as well as the tendency and adequacy of their changes were monitored. Percentages of the therapeutic INR values were 51,77% and 53,62%, subtherapeutic 42,84% and 35,86%, and supratherapeutic 5,39% and 10,53% for the warfarin and acenocoumarol treatment, respectively. The average total weekly doses (TWD) which most frequently achieved the therapeutic INR values were 27,89±12,34 mg and 20,44±9,94 mg, for warfarin and aceno- coumarol, respectively. The dose changes with the INR values 1,7 or lower/3,3 or higher were omitted in 13,46% and 15,63%, and with the INR values 1,8-3,2 were noted in 8,62% and 13,48% of all the check-up visits in the warfarin and acenocoumarol group, respectively. The annual dose changes were noted in 24,65% and 31,41%, and the daily dose changes in 74,43% and 73,36% of all the check-up visits of warfarin and acenocoumarol group, respectively. We can conclude that the management of the oral anticoagulation treatment in our country is in accordance with the relevant recommendations, but with the present tendency toward underdosing and unnecessary frequent dose changing.
The Study of Volume Density of Tracheal Ganglions In Vitro in New Born Babies with Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Shabani Ragip , Islami Hilmi , Bexheti Sadi , Zeqiri Fehmi , Dacaj Ramadan , Kurtishi Ilir , Haliti Naim , Beqiri Ruke , Shahini Labinot
Published: January 2018

Volume density of respiratory organs was studied in vitro in newborn babies at different age of gestation (abort, immature, premature and mature) using stereometric method. The total of 23 cases was subject to this study. The respiratory organs (trachea, lungs) were taken from autopsies of newborn babies exited from different causes. For this purpose the tissues were fixed in formalin (10%) solution, cut serially in 7μ and 10μ slabs. Volume density of the respiratory system was assessed stereometricaly using Universal testing system Weibel M 42. We observed that volume density of epithelia, musculature and glands were proportionally present in the tracheal tissue. Cellular interstitial tissue is consistently increasing and corresponds to the developmental stages of the newborn babies.The density of tracheal ganglions is greater in premature ages of immature and premature newborns (p<0,05). Decreased number of ganglion cells is observed in mature ages (p<0,05). This is caused by intensive ramification of ganglions from serosa to deeper layers of trachea right to epithelium. Medium diameter of tracheal ganglions is greater in mature newborn babies and corresponds to developmental ages of babies.
Role of Meconium in the Reaction of Airways Smooth Musculature in the Newborn with Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (Mas).
Authors: Islami Hilmi , Bexheti Sadi , Shabani Ragip , Nuraj Bajram , Zeqiri Fehmi , Šukalo Aziz , Kurtishi Ilir , Kutllovci Skender , Qorraj Hasime , Disha Mentor
Published: January 2018

The role of meconium in the respiratory system was studied in newborns, who died from various causes (250 up to 3000 g of weight). We monitored tracheal rings response to dopamine, serotonin and ethanol in different concentrations (dopamine: 0,05 mg/ml, 0,5 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml; serotonin (5-HT): 10-4, 10-3, 10-2, 10-1 mol/dm3; ethanol: 0,02 ml, 0,5 ml, 1,0 ml; 96%). Tracheal smooth musculature tonus (TSM) was examined in 48 tracheal preparations taken after the newborn exitus due to different reasons. Based on functional researche of isolated preparations of tracheas, it may be concluded that: aspiration of me-conium has not changed the response of TSM to dopamine, serotonin and ethanol (p>0,1) in comparison with the control group, which have died due to different lung inflammatory processes (e.g. pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, atelectasis, cerebral hemorrhage). The results suggest that meconium does not potentiate the constricting action of dopamine, serotonin and ethanol in tracheobronchial system. Meconium causes mild relaxation of the TSM through a mechanism that is not intermediated by the products of cyclooxygenases (prostaglandins, prostacyclins) from the tracheal epithelium or proteins. Also, as it seems, the direct activity of many tested acids in the smooth musculature has no significant impact on increase of the airways tonus in MAS syndrome.
Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk in School Children
Authors: Sporišević Lutvo , Krželj Vjekoslav , Bajraktarević Adnan , Jahić Elmedina
Published: January 2018

Atherosclerosis is a pathological condition that begins in early childhood, but clinically the disease manifests in older age. The aim of work was to determine frequency of atherosclerosis risk factors in healthy school children. Cross-sectional study included 214 children in mean age 10,99±2,52 years, within range 7 to 15 years. Patients body mass index, blood pressure, lipid status, dietary habits, physical activity and sedentary habits have been evaluated. Cardiovascular risk factors are significantly present in children (P<0,05) i.e. one cardiovascular risk factor is present in 47/214 (21,96%) children, two risk factors had 25/214 (11,68%) children, while 17/214 (7,94%) children had three or more cardiovascular risk factors. Obesity was present in 20/214 (9,34%) children, while overweight was present in 23/214 (10,83%) children. Hypertension was present in 10/214 (4,67%) children, and it was significantly present (p<0,05) in obese and overweight children. Total cholesterol was increased in 171/214 (8,87%) children, LDL-cholesterol was increased in 11/214 (5,14%), increased triglycerides had 4/214 (1,86%) children, while decreased HDL-cholesterol was found in (3/214, 1,40%) children. Unhealthy dietary habits were present in 45/214 (21,02%) chil- dren, 42/214 (19,62%) children is physically inactive, while sedentary habits were shown in 39/214 (18,22%) children. Research shows that a large number within study group has one or more cardiovascular risk factors that can lead to premature atherosclerosis. Using massive screening of cardiovascular risk factors, along with adequate physical activity, healthy dietary habits, reduced sedentary habits, doctors and teacher’s education, parents and children can reduce premature clinical sequels in atherosclerotic process
Correlation Between Bulbar Axis Length and Retinal Ruptures in Case of Myopia Eye
Authors: H. Alimanović Emina
Published: January 2018

In this study, we analysed 180 eyes with myopia in order to determine the “criticai” length of bulbar axis for the occurrence of retinal ruptures as the main cause for retinal detachment.After the focused ophthalmological assessment, ultrasonic measurement of the bulbar axis length, indirect binocular ophtalmoscopy, we analysed diag-nosed retinal ruptures according to the shape and axis length.Mean age of our patients was between 48,43 and to 51,60 years with SD ranging from 13,88 to 18,45. The study included 102 (56,6%) male and 78 (43,3%) female patients; there was no statistically significant difference regarding the occurrence of retinal ruptures between male and female patients compared to the axis length. Most dominant was round (28,2%), then oval (25%) category - multiple small ruptures (19,2%), and horseshoe-shaped (15,3%), and finally the ruptures with operculum.We consider the length of bulbar axis ranging from 24,52 mm to 26,51 mm to be a predictive factor in the occurrence of retinal rupture, and later in retinal detachment.
Expression and Clinical Significance of P120 Catenin mRNA and Protein in Pancreatic Carcinoma
Authors: Fei Yang , Cheng Zhangjun , Liu Shengli , Liu Xushun , Ge Zi , Wang Feng , Zong Guangquan , Wang Wei
Published: January 2018

The aim of this work was investigate the association of P120 catenin expression with the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of pancreatic carcinoma. RT-PCR was performed to investigate the expression of P120 catenin mRNA and western blotting were performed to investigate the expression of P120 catenin protein in 52 patients with pancreatic carcinoma. The relationships between P120 catenin expression and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were analyzed.The mRNA and protein expression of P120 catenin detected by RT-PCR and western blot-ting in pancreatic carcinoma was significantly lower than that in normal pancreatic tissues (0.227±0.067 vs 0.793±0.162, t=9.157, P =0.000; 0.665±0.192 vs 0.936±0.251, t=3.857=, P=0.002). Reduced expression of P120 catenin mRNA and protein was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P =0.004, P =0.006), vascular invasion (P =0.022, P=0.039), distant metastasis (P =0.037, P =0.025), differentiated (P =0.033, P =0.013) and pTNM stage (P =0.003, P =0.022) of tumours. Additionally, reduced expression of P120 catenin mRNA and protein in tumour correlated with a worse prognosis and normal expression with a better survival rate (P=0.022, P=0.007). The reduced expression of both P120 catenin mRNA and protein in pancreatic carcinoma suggest that low expressions relate to pancreatic carcinoma develop- ment. P120 catenin may be related to pancreatic carcinoma behaviour and be a potential prognostic molecule.
Decreased Serum Lipids in Patients with Probable Alzheimer´s Disease
Authors: Lepara Orhan , Valjevac Amina , Alajbegović Azra , Zaćiragić Asija , Nakaš-Ićindić Emina
Published: January 2018

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease but its aetiology and pathophisiology are still not fully understood. Epidemiologic studies examining the association between lipids and dementia have reported conflicting results. High total cholesterol has been associated with both an increased, and decreased, risk of AD and/or vascular dementia (VAD), whereas other studies found no association. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum lipids concentration in patients with probable AD, as well as possible correlation between serum lipids concentrations and cognitive impairment.Our cross-sectional study included 30 patients with probable AD and 30 age and sex matched control subjects. The probable AD was clinically diagnosed by NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. Serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) levels were determined at the initial assessment using standard enzymatic colorimetric techniques. Low-den- sity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) levels were calculated. Subjects with probable AD had significantly lower serum TG (p<0,01), TC (p<0,05), LDL-C (p<0,05) and VLDL-C (p<0,01) compared to the control group. We did not observe signifi-cant difference in HDL-C level between patients with probable AD and control subjects. Negative, although not significant correlation between TG, TC and VLDL-C and MMSE in patients with AD was observed. In the control group of subjects there was a negative correlation between TC and MMSE but it was not statistically significant (r = -0,28). Further studies are required to explore the possibility for serum lipids to serve as diagnostic and therapeutic markers of AD.
Pentoxifylline Ameliorates Glomerular Basement Membrane Ultrastructural Changes Caused by Gentamicin Administration in Rats
Authors: Stojiljković Nenad , Veljković Slavimir , Mihailović Dragan , Stoiljković Milan , Ranković Goran , Jovanović Ivan , Randjelović Pavle
Published: January 2018

Gentamicin is commonly used for the treatment of severe gram negative bacterial infections but inevi-tably cause renal failure during prolonged use. The aim of our study was to emphasize protective effects of pentoxifylline on glomerular basement membrane (GBM) alterations induced by gentamicin in rats. Experiments were done on 40 male Wistar rats divided in three experimental groups. GM-group was treated daily with gentamicin in dose of 100 mg/kg during 8 days. PTX-group was treated daily with pentoxifylline in dose of 45 mg/kg and the same dose of gentamicin as in GM-group during 8 days. The control group received 1 ml/day saline intraperitoneally. Morphometric parameter measured during the analysis was glomerular basement membrane thickness. In GM-group of animals glomeruli were en-larged and GMB was diffusely and unequally thickened with neutrophil cells infiltration. In proximal tu-bules epithelial cells, vacuolization of cytoplasm with coagulation-type necrosis were observed. In PTX-group of animals glomeruli were somewhat enlarged and GBM was thickened only in some segments. Coagulation-type necrosis was not found. Blood urea and serum creatinine concentration in GM-group were significantly elevated in comparison with PTX-group while potassium level was decreased. Our results suggest that PTX has protective effects on GBM and proximal tubules in GM-treated rats.
Influence of Splitting on Dissolution Properties of Metoprolol Tablets
Authors: Vranić Edina , Uzunović Alija
Published: January 2018

The objective of this work was to compare several profiles of dissolution data for metoprolol controlled release tablet formulations in order to identify possible changes in dissolution profiles of whole and scored tablets. Adequate design of score lines (on one or both sides) as well as the technology of preparation of tablet mixtures ensure forming a score line of adequate thickness, shape, size, curvature. According to the obtained results, this type of extended release formulation is eligible for splitting and use in therapy either as a whole or scored tablets.
Metabolic Control of Type 1 Diabetes in Children Treated with Insulin Pump Therapy
Authors: Hasanbegović Sniježana , Hasanbegović Edo
Published: January 2018

In this paper we present study of metabolic control in children suffering from TYPE 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) who use insulin pump (IP) therapy, and who were treated at Paediatric Clinic in Sarajevo.In retrospective study we followed all T1DM patients with IP therapy introduced in the period from 1st March 2005 to 1st September 2008.We analyzed their age and sex structure, therapy before IP use, and the metabolic control of T1DM represented with glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) value just before and 6 months after IP therapy introducing.The total number of observed patients was 39. There were 24 boys (61,5 %) and 15 girls (38,5 %) with the age range between 12,3 ± 3,2 years. Most patients were from age group 8-14 years. In the same number of patients 17 (43,6 %) diabetes duration was less than 5 years and 5-10 years. Before IP introduction most patient 61,5 % use therapy with insulin analogues. Mean value of HbA1c before IP therapy introduction was 8,57±1,65 % and 6 months after IP therapy introduction HbA1c 7,53 ± 0,81 % (p = 0,0009). There was significant reduction HbA1c values even 6 month after IP therapy introduced.Therapy with IP in children with diabetes was very efficient in achieving therapeutic goal of T1DM treatment (HbA1c<7,0 %) what will protect patients from appearance and progression of chronic micro vascular complications on eyes, kidneys and peripheral nerves.
Changes in Serum Homocysteine Level Follow Two Different Trends in Patients During Early Post Myocardial Infarction Period
Authors: Valjevac Amina , Džubur Alen , Nakaš-Ićindić Emina , Hadžović-Džuvo Almira , Zaćiragić Asija , Lepara Orhan , Arslanagić Amila
Published: January 2018

The evolution of homocysteine (Hcy) changes after acute myocardial infarction is still not elucidated. Serum Hcy concentration has been shown to increase between acute and convalescent period after myocardial infarction and stroke, Also a decrease in serum Hcy during acute phase was observed, It is still not clear whether the Hcy is a culprit or an innocent bystander in cardiovascular diseases, Addressing the discrepancies in Hcy changes in patients with acute myocardial infarction might give insight in Hcy role in cardiovascular diseases and offer implications both for the clinical interpretation and patients risk stratification, The aim of the study was to evaluate serum Hcy concentration changes during early post myocardial infarction, The study included 55 patients with AMI from the Clinics for Heart Diseases and Rheumatism at University of Sarajevo Clinics Centre, For Hcy analysis blood was collected on day 2 and 5 after the AMI onset, Serum Hcy concentration was determined quantitatively with fluorescent polarisation immunoassay on AxSYM system, Cluster analysis revealed two groups ofAMI patients with different trends of serum Hcy changes, Increase in serum Hcy concentration was observed in 33 (60,0%) patients (AMI 1 group), while in 22 (40,0%) patients a decrease was observed (AMI 2 group), On day 2, patients in AMI 2 group had significantly higher mean Hcy concentration compared to AMI 1 group of patients (15,27±0,96 and 11,59±0,61 μmol/L p<0,05), On day 5, no significant difference in mean Hcy level between AMI 1 and AMI 2 group of patients was observed (14,86±1,1 vs, 12,75±0,74 μmol/L respectively), Significant differences between AMI 1 and AMI 2 patients were observed in VLDLC levels and CK-MB activity on day 2,Patients in AMI 1 group had significant increase in platelets count from day 2 to day 5 (230,1±11,6 vs. 244,2±11,0; p<0,05). Our study of serial Hcy changes in patients with AMI revealed two different patterns of Hcy changes in early post infarction period which might reflect two distinct populations of AMI patients. Although further research is necessary, possible explanation for the observed findings could be a different genetic background, vitamin and oxidative status of patients with AMI.
Efficacy of tennis elbow (Epicondylitis humeri radialis) treatment in CBR "PRAXIS".
Authors: Pecar Džemal , Avdić Dijana
Published: January 2018

Tennis elbow (Epicondylitis humeri radialis) is the most frequent reason that patients with elbow pain report to a physician. The exact cause of elbow pain is still unclear. However, it is certainly causally connected with connective intersection between forearm muscle and bone in the elbow region.In this paper, we analyzed patients that, over the period of 15 years, reported to “Praxis” clinic for elbow pain treatment (Epicondylitis humeri radialis). Of the total number of 228 patients, 126 were male, 101 female while one patient was younger than 14. Initial analysis established that average overall health condition grade was 2,87 at the onset of treatment. Following the treatment completion that grade was 4,48.Of the total number of 223 patients who were treated by combined method of manipulation and local corticosteroid instillation, eight patients received physical therapy as well. Thus, surgical treatment was not necessary in any patient.The patients’ treatment included:Application of manipulative methods in order to reestablish mobility in the “blocked” radio-humeral and the upper radio-ulnar joints.Local instillation of corticosteroid depot in order to control inflammation (enthesitis) and thus, eliminate pain and establish physiological conditions for functioning of joint and local structures. Unlike conservative method which includes initial immobilization due to irritation and inflammation development prevention with concomitant analgesic and antirheumatic therapy, initial application of manipulation with reinstatement of joint mobility instead of immobilization with subsequent instillation of steroid preparations achieves functional restitution and fast reinstatement of full working ability, as a rule.
Identification and Isolation of Pharmacologically Active Triterpenes in Betuale Cortex, Betula Pendula Roth., Betulaceae
Authors: Kovač-Bešović Elvira E. , Durić Kemal , Kalođera Zdenka , Sofić Emin
Published: January 2018

Betulae cortex, Betulapendula Roth., Betulaceae, comprise triterpene substances which are confirmed to posses very important pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antiviral. In this study, extraction of triterpene substances from both, inner and external birch bark was carried out and after that qualitative analysis on betulin, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and lupeol was performed by method of thin layer chromatography. By this separation method, applying system for development benzene-ethyl acetate-formic acid (36:12:5), is gained a good separation of examined triterpene substances from methanol extracts of inner and external birch bark as well as used standards. From obtained row triterpene mixtures, certain triterpene substances are isolated using method of dry column chromatography. To those substances infrared (IR) spectra were recorded and compared with IR spectra of adequate standards.The study encloses all obtained IR spectra and interpretations on the basis of which can be concluded that triterpene substances, betulin, betulin acid and lupeol isolated from external birch bark give identical characteristic signals and absorbance as referent standards. Method of dry column chromatography has resulted as simple, efficient, repeatable and economical for laboratory conditions. Beside this, a sufficient quantity of examined triterpene substances is also obtained for continuation of their further analytical analysis.
Early Detection of Melanoma Skin Cancer
Authors: Alendar Faruk , Drljević Irdina , Drljević Kenan , Alendar Temeida
Published: January 2018

Primary skin melanoma and skin cancers have been more prevalent in the last decades and therefore have become a very significant public health problem. In May 2008 Dermatologists of the Skin and Venereal Diseases Clinic of the University of Sarajevo Clinics Centre have initiated the first public preventive action called "Days of Fighting Melanoma".The objective of the campaign was to provide free dermatological examinations for all volunteers and also inform through the media a wider population on early signs and recognition of skin cancer, including sun protection. A total of 325 citizens were examined clinically and with dermatoscope in the period between 5 and 31 May 2008 and the results also included histological diagnoses: 7 patients with proven melanoma, 30 with basal cell carcinoma and 2 with spinocellular carcinoma. The results have indicated a need to expand this campaign to other towns of our country in order to show importance of early detection of the disease and treatment options.
Recipe for sugar-agar food source for drosophila v1
Authors: M Monteith Katy
Published: January 2018

This protocol describes the recipe for a standard sugar-agar food source for fruit flies
Giardia supernatant cleansing protocol v1
Authors: Dubourg Audrey , Xia Dong , P Winpenny John , Al Naimi Suha , Bouzid Maha , W Sexton Darren , M Wastling Jonathan , R Hunter Paul , M Tyler Kevin
Published: January 2018

This protocol provides an inexpensive and fast way to cleanse the supernatant of Giardia trophozoites' culture from bovine proteins and any other protein digests present in TYI-S-33.
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate PolyAcrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with Sypro straining v1
Authors: Dubourg Audrey , Xia Dong , P Winpenny John , Al Naimi Suha , Bouzid Maha , W Sexton Darren , M Wastling Jonathan , R Hunter Paul , M Tyler Kevin
Published: January 2018

This protocol provides an efficient way to observe proteins in samples.
Proteomics Analysis v1
Authors: Dubourg Audrey , Xia Dong , P Winpenny John , Al Naimi Suha , Bouzid Maha , W Sexton Darren , M Wastling Jonathan , R Hunter Paul , M Tyler Kevin
Published: January 2018

This protocol provides an efficient and standardized way to prepare samples ready for mass spec analysis.
Developing a database for pedestrians’earthquake emergency evacuation in indoor scenarios v1
Authors: Zhou Junxue , Li，Gaozhong Nie Sha
Published: January 2018

With the booming development of evacuation simulation software, developing an extensive database in indoor scenarios for evacuation models is imperative. In this paper, we conduct a qualitative and quantitative analysis on the collected videotapes and aim to provide a complete and unitary database of pedestrians' earthquake emergency response behaviors in indoor scenarios, including interactions between man and the environment. Using the qualitative analysis method, we extract keyword groups and keywords that code the response modes of pedestrians in indoor scenarios and construct a general decision flowchart using chronological organization. Using the quantitative analysis method, we analyze data on the delay time, evacuation speed, evacuation route and emergency exit choices. Furthermore, we study the effect of classroom layout on emergency evacuation. The database in indoor scenarios provides reliable input parameters and allows the construction of real and effective constraints for use in software and mathematical models. It can also be used to validate the accuracy of evacuation models.