bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of Promitobates Roewer, 1913 and cladistic analysis of Mitobatinae Simon, 1879 (Arachnida: Opiliones: Gonyleptidae)
Authors: BRAGAGNOLO CIBELE , PINTO-DA-ROCHA RICARDO
Published: March 2019

A cladistic analysis of the genera of Mitobatinae and species of Promitobates Roewer, is presented. Only one equally mostparsimonious tree was obtained (L=273, CI=0.36; RI=0.73) from a data matrix of 77 equally weighted characters.Mitobatinae is recovered as a monophyletic group, with low Bremer support, sister to (“Pachylinae” + Bourguyiinae).Despirus parvulus, Roewer is sister to the remaining mitobatines, which are divided into two major clades: [1] one thatpossesses a roughly rectangular body, and males and females with coxa and trochanter IV without large apophyses,including the genera Ischnotherus Kury, Encheiridium Kury, Metamitobates Roewer, Ruschia Mello-Leitão, MitobatulaRoewer, and Mitobates Sundevall; and [2] one that possesses the body roughly pyriform, with evident sexual dimorphismof coxa and trochanter IV, in which males have a large apophysis on coxa IV and tubercles on trochanter IV, including thegenera Discocyrtoides Mello-Leitão, Longiperna Roewer, Neoancistrotus Mello-Leitão, and Promitobates. A taxonomicreview of Promitobates and a new classification of its species, supported by results of the cladistic analysis, are presented. Based on these results P. intermedius (Mello-Leitão) comb. n., and P. nigripes (Mello-Leitão) comb. n., are revalidatedand removed from the synonymy of P. ornatus (Mello-Leitão). The following synonymies are proposed: Leonardosianitida Mello-Leitão = P. nigripes (Mello-Leitão), Ancistrotellus hauseri Šilhavý = P. viridigranulatus (Soares & Soares),P. margaritatus Roewer, 1931 = P. ornatus (Mello-Leitão, 1922) and P. mendax H. Soares, 1945 = P. hatschbachi H.Soares. Promitobates granulosissimus Mello-Leitão and P. hexacanthus Koch are considered species inquirendae. Fournew species from Brazil are described: P. ale sp. n. (type locality: Ano Bom, Santa Catarina); P. trapista sp. n. (typelocality: Reserva Morro Grande, São Paulo); P. weissbier sp. n. (type locality: Ribeirão Pires, São Paulo), and P. lager sp. n. (type locality: Jacarepaguá, Rio de Janeiro).
A new species group in Edessa Fabricius, 1803 (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Edessinae)
Authors: DA SILVA VALÉRIA JULIETE , FERNANDES JOSÉ ANTÔNIO MARIN
Published: March 2019

The caldaria group of Edessa is proposed to include four species: Edessa caldaria Distant, 1890, Edessa pantherina Bergroth,1891, Edessa rufomaculata sp. nov. and Edessa costaricensis sp. nov. Diagnoses, line drawings of the metasternal process,male and female external genitalia, digital habitus photographs and distributional maps are provided. This group can be identi-fied by rounded to ovate body shape, pattern of maculae on connexivum and stripes on ventral surface. The following syn-onyms are proposed: Edessa pacifica Breddin, 1903 = Edessa pantherina Bergroth, 1891. The lectotype of Edessa caldaria is designated.
Sicardicoris, a new Madagascan subgenus of Peyrierocoris Chłond & Junkiert 2010 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae)
Authors: CHŁOND DOMINIK , GUILBERT ERIC
Published: March 2019

Sicardicoris, a new subgenus of Peyrierocoris Chłond & Junkiert and one new species Peyrierocoris (Sicardicoris) nigeris described on the basis of specimens selected from the collection of the Muséum national D’Histoire naturelle, Paris.Description with drawings of dorsal habitus and characters of male and female genitalia are given. A key to all the species of the genus is also provided.
Description of four new species of Limnadopsis from Australia (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata)
Authors: SCHWENTNER MARTIN , TIMMS BRIAN V. , RICHTER STEFAN
Published: March 2019

Four new species of Limnadopsis, L. bloodwoodensis sp. nov., L. paratatei sp. nov., L. brevirostris sp. nov. and L. centralensissp. nov., are described for Australia. Three of these were delineated in an earlier study based on an integrative taxonomicapproach. The fourth (L. centralensis sp. nov.) was not part of that study but can be distinguished from all other Limnadopsismorphologically. The morphological variation in L. tatei is described here in detail as L. paratatei sp. nov. and L. tatei closely resemble each other and have in earlier studies been grouped together as L. tatei.
Parambassis bistigmata, a new species of glassperch from north-eastern India (Teleostei: Ambassidae)
Authors: GEETAKUMARI KHANGJRAKPAM
Published: March 2019

Parambassis bistigmata, a new species of glassperch from northeast India, is distinguished from its congeners by the com-bination of the following characters: two distinct black spots on either side of the anal-fin origin connected by a narrowblack curved line; 13–14 gill rakers on the first gill arch; 65–67 scales in lateral series; a well developed pre-orbital edgewith prominent, acute spines, almost covering the upper lip; dorsal and ventral sides of caudal peduncle with a longitudinal black stripe; and the presence of a faint, vertically elongated humeral spot.
To the knowledge of Vespidae (Hymenoptera) of Pakistan
Authors: MAHMOOD KHALID , ULLAH MISHKAT , AZIZ ABDUL , HASAN SYED AZHAR , INAYATULLAH MIAN
Published: March 2019

Twenty-three species in eight genera are recorderd from Pakistan and two species in two genera are recorded from Bangladesh (former East Pakistan). Seven species Vespula nursei Archer, Polistes (Polistella) stigma tamulus (Fabricius), P. (Gyrostoma) olivaceus (De Geer), Ropalidia brevita Das & Gupta, R. cyathiformis (Fabricius), Ancistrocerus gazella (Panzer), and Anterhynchium flavomarginatum flavomarginatum (Smith) are newly recorded from Pakistan. Body length variability is given for all studied species. Four figures (habitus, head, mesosoma and metasoma ) are given for 22 species from Pakistan.
Biodiversity assessment of the Lower Mekong Basin: A new species of Corvospongilla (Porifera: Spongillina: Spongillidae) from Thailand
Authors: RUENGSAWANG NISIT , SANGPRADUB NARUMON , HANJAVANIT CHUTIMA , MANCONI RENATA
Published: March 2019

Only six species (four genera, one family) of freshwater sponges are known until now from Thailand. A first record of thegenus Corvospongilla Annandale, 1911 with the description of a new species is here reported from the Pong River in the LowerMekong Basin. The taxonomic status of Corvospongilla siamensis nov. sp. is discussed in comparison to the 18 speciesassigned to the genus. The new species is characterised by i) alveolate, paucispicular skeletal network with scanty spongin,thick ascending tracts towards the sponge surface to support conules; ii) skeleton of stout microspined strongyles, andextremely rare, abruptly pointed oxeas usually with a few tubercles, plus micropseudobirotules with smooth shaft; iii) gem-mules belonging to a single gemmular morph, typically sessile; iv) gemmular cage notably stout, of tangentially arrangedstrongyles of variable length from tubercled to spiny; v) gemmular theca with abundant laminar compact spongin, lackingpneumatic layer, armed by short, tubercled to spiny strongyles tangentially embedded; vi) larvae armed by spiny oxeas. Corvo-spongilla siamensis nov. sp. differs from all the other known species of the genus in its unique combination of diagnostic traits,particularly a) acanthostrongyles (megascleres), b) gemmuloscleres, both in the cage and in the theca, as strongyles showing the tendency towards ring-shape and button-like shape, and c) larval spiny oxeas.
Two new species of Veraphis Casey (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae) from China
Authors: JAŁOSZYŃSKI PAWEŁ
Published: March 2019

Two new species of the Holoarctic genus Veraphis Casey are described from the sub-Himalayan part of China: V. qinghaiensissp. n. (from Qinghai) and V. calcarifer sp. n. (from Sichuan and Qinghai). Diagnostic characters of the new taxa are illustrated,including the aedeagi and modified fore legs, and possible relationships with previously known Eastern Palaearctic species are discussed.
Immature stages of the rose chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae): a historical overview
Authors: ŠÍPEK PETR , KRÁL DAVID
Published: March 2019

Immature stages of holometabolous insects represent a useful source of information for phylogenetic studies. However,knowledge about immature stages of insects is generally poor. This paper presents a historical overview on the study ofimmature Cetoniinae and provides an up-to-date list of 194 so far described taxa at the species level. Most immature stagesare described for the Cetoniini. Larvae of Microvalgini, Taenioderini, and Phaediminini are unknown, while the larvae of Platygeniini need to be redescribed.
Nine new species of Agromyzidae from North Carolina, USA, with new host and distribution records for additional species
Authors: EISEMAN CHARLES S. , LONSDALE OWEN , FELDMAN TRACY S.
Published: March 2019

We present novel rearing records of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from three years of collecting in North Carolina, USA. These include the first reported host for Calycomyza novascotiensis Spencer (new to the USA) and new host records for Ophiomyia beckeri (Hendel) (new to North America), Liriomyza helianthi Spencer, L. schmidti (Aldrich), and Phytomyza plantaginis Robineau-Desvoidy, all of which are reported from North Carolina for the first time. We review host and distribution data for each of these species and describe their leaf mines. We describe the following nine new species: Agromyza arundinariae, A. indistincta, Calycomyza chrysopsidis, Cerodontha (Butomomyza) enigma, Cer. (Poemyza) arundinariella, Cer. (P.) saintandrewsensis, Liriomyza carphephori, L. polygalivora, and L. triodanidis. Seven host plant genera are new for world Agromyzidae: Carphephorus Cass., Chrysogonum L., Chrysopsis (Nutt.) Elliott, Krigia Schreb., Pyrrhopappus DC. (Asteraceae), Triodanis Raf. ex Greene (Campanulaceae), and Arundinaria Michx. s.s. (Poaceae). Host plants of the new species also include Bidens L., Mikania Willd. (Asteraceae), Dichanthelium (Hitchc. & Chase) Gould (Poaceae), and Polygala L. (Polygalaceae).
First record of the genus Chandleriella Hlaváč (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from China, with description of a second species
Authors: YIN ZI-WEI
Published: March 2019

The monotypic genus Chandleriella Hlaváč, 2000 is reported from China for the first time, and a new species, C. yunnanica Yin, sp. nov. (type locality: Lincang, Yunnan), is described. It can be readily separated from C. termitophila (Bryant, 1915) of Sarawak by possessing a conspicuously modified antennomere 11 of the male.
Neotropical Chvalaea Papp & Földvári (Diptera: Hybotidae: Ocydromiinae): new records, an illustrated key to species and description of three new species
Authors: BARROS LUANA MACHADO , SOARES MATHEUS MICKAEL MOTA , DE FREITAS-SILVA RAFAEL AUGUSTO PINHEIRO , ALE-ROCHA ROSALY
Published: March 2019

Three new species of Chvalaea Papp & Földvári are described and illustrated: Chvalaea annularis sp. nov., C. ecuadoriensis sp. nov., and Chvalaea sinclairi sp. nov. In addition, an illustrated key, distribution map, new records, and updated diagnoses of all Neotropical species are presented.
Verification of Heat Stress Thresholds for a Health-Based Heat-Wave Definition
Authors: Di Napoli Claudia , Pappenberger Florian , Cloke Hannah L.
Published: March 2019

Heat waves represent a threat to human health and excess mortality is one of the associated negative effects. A health-based definition for heat waves is therefore relevant, especially for early warning purposes, and it is here investigated via the universal thermal climate index (UTCI). The UTCI is a bioclimate index elaborated via an advanced model of human thermoregulation that estimates the thermal stress induced by air temperature, wind speed, moisture, and radiation on the human physiology. Using France as a test bed, the UTCI was computed from meteorological reanalysis data to assess the thermal stress conditions associated with heat-attributable excess mortality in five cities. UTCI values at different climatological percentiles were defined and evaluated in their ability to identify periods of excess mortality (PEMs) over 24 years. Using verification metrics such as the probability of detection (POD), the false alarm ratio (FAR), and the frequency bias (FB), daily minimum and maximum heat stress levels equal to or above corresponding UTCI 95th percentiles (15° ± 2°C and 34.5° ± 1.5°C, respectively) for 3 consecutive days are demonstrated to correlate to PEMs with the highest sensitivity and specificity (0.69 ≤ POD ≤ 1, 0.19 ≤ FAR ≤ 0.46, 1 ≤ FB ≤ 1.48) than minimum, maximum, and mean heat stress level singularly and other bioclimatological percentiles. This finding confirms the detrimental effect of prolonged, unusually high heat stress at day- and nighttime and suggests the UTCI 95th percentile as a health-meaningful threshold for a potential heat-health watch warning system.
Increased Predictability of Spring Precipitation over Central East China around the Late 1970s
Authors: Zhang Mengqi , Sun Jianqi
Published: March 2019

The predictability of spring (March–May) precipitation over East China is investigated, based on the February-start hindcasts of eight coupled models from DEMETER and ENSEMBLES during 1960–2001. Five out of the eight models exhibit significantly increased predictability of central East China spring precipitation (CECSP) after the late 1970s. The mechanism analysis indicates that CECSP variability is closely related to a meridional dipole vorticity pattern at 200 hPa and southerly wind at 850 hPa over East Asia, whose prediction skill increased significantly around the late 1970s, consistent with the changes in CECSP predictability. Observational analysis indicates that the sea surface temperature (SST) over the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans experienced a notable decadal change around the late 1970s. After the decadal change, the tropical SST has an enhanced impact on the CECSP-related East Asian dipole vorticity pattern at the upper level and on the western North Pacific anticyclone at the lower level. The five models can adequately reproduce the observed enhanced connection between the tropical SST and East Asian atmospheric circulation after the late 1970s, consequently showing higher predictability of East Asian atmospheric circulation and CECSP. However, the other three models cannot reproduce the relationship between the tropical SST and East Asian atmospheric circulation; therefore, CECSP predictability in these models remains low during the entire period. The increased predictability is valuable for current dynamical seasonal prediction for central East China.
The Effect of El Niño on Flood Damages in the Western United States
Authors: Corringham Thomas W. , Cayan Daniel R.
Published: March 2019

This paper quantifies insured flood losses across the western United States from 1978 to 2017, presenting a spatiotemporal analysis of National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) daily claims and losses over this period. While considerably lower (only 3.3%) than broader measures of direct damages measured by a National Weather Service (NWS) dataset, NFIP insured losses are highly correlated to the annual damages in the NWS dataset, and the NFIP data provide flood impacts at a fine degree of spatial resolution. The NFIP data reveal that 1% of extreme events, covering wide spatial areas, caused over 66% of total insured losses. Connections between extreme events and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) that have been documented in past research are borne out in the insurance data. In coastal Southern California and across the Southwest, El Niño conditions have had a strong effect in producing more frequent and higher magnitudes of insured losses, while La Niña conditions significantly reduce both the frequency and magnitude of losses. In the Pacific Northwest, the opposite pattern appears, although the effect is weaker and less spatially coherent. The persistent evolution of ENSO offers the possibility for property owners, policy makers, and emergency planners and responders that unusually high or low flood damages could be predicted in advance of the primary winter storm period along the West Coast. Within the 40-yr NFIP history, it is found that the multivariate ENSO index would have provided an 8-month look-ahead for heightened damages in Southern California.
A Look to the Interior: Trends in U.S. Immigration Removals by Criminal Conviction Type, Gender, and Region of Origin, Fiscal Years 2003-2015
Authors: Moinester Margot
Published: March 2019

Over the past two decades, the U.S. federal government has sought to increase its capacity to find, apprehend, and deport noncitizens residing in the United States who have violated federal immigration laws. One way the federal government has done this is by partnering with state and local law enforcement agencies on immigration enforcement efforts. The present study analyzes the records of all 1,964,756 interior removals between fiscal years 2003 and 2015 to examine how, if at all, the types of criminal convictions leading to removal from the U.S. interior have changed during this period of heightened coordination between law enforcement agencies and whether there are differences by gender and region of origin in the types of convictions leading to removal. Findings show that as coordination between law enforcement agencies intensified, the proportion of individuals removed from the U.S. interior with either no criminal convictions or with a driving-related conviction as their most serious conviction increased. Findings also show that the proportion of individuals removed with no criminal convictions was greater for women than for men and that the share of individuals removed with a driving-related conviction as their most serious conviction was greater for Latin Americans than for individuals from all other regions. Given renewed investment in these types of law enforcement partnerships under the Trump administration, the patterns presented in this article may foreshadow trends to come.
The Strain From Procedural Injustice on Parolees: Bridging Procedural Justice Theory and General Strain Theory
Authors: Liu Lin , Visher Christy A. , O’Connell Daniel J.
Published: March 2019

The procedural justice literature explains why people obey the law. However, prior research has largely neglected the implication of procedural justice in the correctional context in general and in parole efficacy in particular. In an attempt to bridge the propositions of procedural justice and general strain theory, this study assesses the effect of parolees’ perceived procedural injustice on their success in reentry. Using data from a longitudinal study of prisoner reentry, we investigate the nexus of procedural injustice, negative emotions, family bonds, and postrelease criminal propensity. Findings indicate that procedural injustice increases criminal propensity, and the negative emotion of depression partially mediates this relationship. We also find parolees’ family bonds totally mediate the effect of procedural injustice on criminal propensity.
The Validity of an Oculus Rift to Assess Postural Changes During Balance Tasks
Authors: Marchetto Jonathan , Wright W. Geoffrey
Published: March 2019

Objective:

To investigate whether shifts in head position, measured via an Oculus Rift head-mounted display (HMD), is a valid measure of whole-body postural stability.

Background:

The inverted single-link pendulum model of balance suggests shifts in whole-body center of mass can be estimated from individual body segments. However, whether head position describes postural stability such as center-of-pressure (COP) remains unclear.

Method:

Participants ( N = 10) performed six conditions while wearing an HMD and performing a previously validated virtual reality (VR)-based balance assessment. COP was recorded with a Wii Balance Board force plate (WBB), while an HMD recorded linear and angular head displacement. Visual input was presented in the HMD (stable scene, dark scene, or dynamic scene) and somatosensory information (with or without foam) was varied across each condition. The HMD time series data were compared with the criterion-measure WBB.

Results:

Significant correlations were found between COP measures (standard deviation, range, sway area, velocity) and head-centered angular and linear displacements (roll, pitch, mediolateral and anteroposterior directions).

Conclusions:

The Oculus Rift HMD shows promise as a measure of postural stability without additional posturography equipment. These findings support the application of VR HMD technology for assessment of postural stability across a variety of challenging conditions.

Application:

The human factors and ergonomic benefit of such an approach is in its portability, low cost, and widespread availability for clinic and home-based investigation of postural disturbances. Fall injury affects millions of people annually, so assessment of fall risk and treatment of the underlying causes has enormous public health benefit.
A suitable woman: The coming-of-age of the ‘third world woman’ at the bottom of the pyramid: A critical engagement
Authors: Chatterjee Suparna
Published: March 2019

While the slogan ‘Make Poverty Business’ has become integral to neoliberal discourses on global poverty management, what often goes unremarked is the role of women, especially poor third world women in profitable poverty ventures. Taking the ‘Bottom of the Pyramid’ (BOP) approach as an entry point, the present article brings into sharpened focus the centrality of poor third world women in the ‘global order of poverty management.’ Drawing on Foucaultian notions of problematization, combined with feminist insights on the stakes involved in instrumentalizing women and their subjectivities, and a Marxist-inspired notion of immaterial labor, the article examines how poor third world women are incorporated into profitable poverty eradication ventures. I argue that the construal of poor third world women as knowable objects of knowledge and entrepreneurial subjects remains at the heart of the BOP programmatic. Where, at one level, poor third world women’s participation lends ethical credence to the BOP projects; at another level, their immaterial labor helps to build ‘economies of affect’ at the bottom of the pyramid. Located at the intersection of neoliberalism and feminism, the article aims to add to the ongoing debates on the uneasy proximity between women’s empowerment and ‘neoliberal reason.’
Rates and correlates of employment in patients with schizophrenia: A multicenter study in Turkey
Authors: Yıldız Mustafa , Kaytaz Yılmaz Beyza Nur , İncedere Aysel , Abut Fatma Betül , Aydın Azize Özgül , Sarandöl Aslı , Örüm Tuna Güzide Yener , Kurt Aydın , Erşan Etem Erdal
Published: March 2019

Background:

There is not enough information regarding the participation in the working life of the patients with schizophrenia in Turkey.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to examine the occupational experiences of patients with schizophrenia before and after the illness and to investigate the factors that predict work participation.

Methods:

The data on occupational life of the patients with schizophrenia, which were treated as outpatients in six different centers, were examined. The rates of participation in working life before and after the disease were evaluated. Patients with and without occupational life history after the disease were compared in terms of demographic characteristics. Factors predicting participation in work life after the disease were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.

Results:

Out of the 587 patients evaluated in the study, 73% were males, 73% were single, the mean age was 42, mean level of education was 9 years and the average duration of illness was 18 years. The duration of the employment before the disease was higher than that after the disease regarding expected working time. The rate of employment was 11% currently, 14% in the last year, 62% after the disease and 83% for the lifetime. While the factors that predicted to be in working life after the illness were male gender (odds ratio (OR) = 2.9), diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder (OR = 2.6), high level of education (OR = 1.2) and employment history before the onset of the illness (OR = 1.0), only the shorter duration of illness (OR = 1.1) predicted the current working status when the gender variable was excluded.

Conclusion:

Rate of employment of patients with schizophrenia living in Turkey was low as in other countries. Good premorbid functioning seems to determine participation in occupational life after the illness.
Design of acoustic foam wedge panels by finite element frequency domain acoustical analysis
Authors: Tsay Huoy-Shyi , Yeh Fung-Huei
Published: March 2019

Acoustic foam wedge panels provide good sound absorption qualities in the mid and high frequency ranges. In this study, a finite element frequency domain acoustical analysis is used for analysis. Such a numerical method is more efficient than the earlier studies by saving the calculation time on the elements of the incident acoustic field. During the design of a wedge panel, the cross-sectional width and the area of one section of the wedge panel are kept the same throughout the study. By varying the wedge angle, the maximum sound absorption capability of the wedge foam can be found. It is concluded that in the interested frequency regions, 100–4000 and 2000–4000 Hz, the wedge foam with wedge angle of 31° has the excellent sound absorption capability.
The effect of doum palm fibers on the mechanical and thermal properties of gypsum mortar
Authors: Fatma Naiiri , Allègue Lamis , Salem Mehdi , Zitoune Redouane , Zidi Mondher
Published: March 2019

The main objective of this paper is the evaluation of the possibility of using a gypsum mortar reinforced with doum palm fibers as thermal insulators in building material. Several composite configurations with three sizes and five-weight ratios (from 0.5% to 2.5%) of doum palm fiber were prepared for mechanical and thermo-physical characterization. Generally, natural fibers are affected by the alkali environment of gypsum mortar. To overcome this problem, doum palm fibers were treated with a NaOH solution of 1% concentration to enhance their resistance against chemical degradation. Chemical treatment of fiber removes some hemicellulose and lignin and tends to make the fiber more homogenous, which enhances fiber–matrix interfacial properties. In addition, the mechanical properties of the specimens were tested after 7 days, 28 days and 1 year of curing in normal conditions. The obtained results show an improvement in the mechanical performance of composites reinforced with treated fibers. In fact, better results were obtained for gypsum mortar reinforced with treated reinforcement seive2 for the value of 1% of fibers. It was also noticed that NaOH treatment has an influence on the thermal conductivities. In fact, the use of treated doum palm fibers as reinforcement in gypsum mortar seems to be an alternative natural material to be used as a thermal insulator material.
Science, Medicine and the Creation of a ‘Healthy’ Soviet Cinema
Authors: Toropova Anna
Published: March 2019

Cinema had long been hailed by Bolshevik party leaders as a crucial ally of the Soviet mass enlightenment project. By the mid-1920s, however, Soviet psychologists, educators and practitioners of ‘child science’ (pedology) were pointing to the grave effects that the consumption of commercial cinema was exerting on the physical, mental and moral health of Soviet young people. Diagnosing an epidemic of ‘film mania’, specialists battled to curtail the NEP-era practices of film production and demonstration that had rendered cinema ‘toxic’ to children. Campaigns to ‘healthify’ Soviet cinema, first manifesting in the organization of child-friendly screenings and forms of ‘cultural enlightenment work’, soon extended to attempts to develop a new children's film repertoire based on the results of psycho-physiological viewer studies. A vast variety of pedological research institutions established during the late 1920s and early 1930s began to experimentally test cinema's effects on children with the view of assisting the production of films that could cultivate a sound mind and body. Tracing a link between the findings of pedological viewer studies and the ‘healthy’ cinema championed in the 1930s, this article sheds light on the vital role played by medical and scientific expertise in shaping Stalinist culture.
Disruption of FOXF2 as a Likely Cause of Absent Uvula in an Egyptian Family
Authors: Seselgyte R. , Bryant D. , Demetriou C. , Ishida M. , Peskett E. , Moreno N. , Morrogh D. , Sell D. , Lees M. , Farrall M. , Moore G.E. , Sommerlad B. , Pauws E. , Stanier P.
Published: March 2019

This study investigated the genetic basis of an unusual autosomal dominant phenotype characterized by familial absent uvula, with a short posterior border of the soft palate, abnormal tonsillar pillars, and velopharyngeal insufficiency. Cytogenetic analysis and single-nucleotide polymorphism–based linkage analysis were investigated in a 4-generation family with 8 affected individuals. Whole exome sequencing data were overlaid, and segregation analysis identified a single missense variant, p.Q433P in the FOXF2 transcription factor, that fully segregated with the phenotype. This was found to be in linkage disequilibrium with a small 6p25.3 tandem duplication affecting FOXC1 and GMDS. Notably, the copy number imbalances of this region are commonly associated with pathologies that are not present in this family. Bioinformatic predictions with luciferase reporter studies of the FOXF2 missense variant indicated a negative impact, affecting both protein stability and transcriptional activation. Foxf 2 is expressed in the posterior mouse palate, and knockout animals develop an overt cleft palate. Since mice naturally lack the structural equivalent of the uvula, we demonstrated FOXF2 expression in the developing human uvula. Decipher also records 2 individuals with hypoplastic or bifid uvulae with copy number variants affecting FOXF2. Nevertheless, given cosegregation with the 6p25.3 duplications, we cannot rule out a combined effect of these gains and the missense variant on FOXF2 function, which may account for the rare palate phenotype observed.
Mutational Signatures in Mandibular Ameloblastoma Correlate with Smoking
Authors: Guan P. , Wong S.F. , Lim J.Q. , Ng C.C.Y. , Soong P.L. , Sim C.Q.X. , Ong C.K. , Rajasegaran V. , Myint S.S. , Lee J.Y. , Tan H.K. , Iyer N.G. , Soo K.C. , Teh B.T. , Tay A.B.G.
Published: March 2019

Ameloblastoma is a rare tumor of odontogenic epithelium, the low incidence rate of which precludes statistical determination of its molecular characterizations. Despite recent genomic and transcriptomic profiling, the etiology of ameloblastomas remains poorly understood. Risk factors of ameloblastoma development are also largely unknown. Whole exome sequencing was performed on 11 mandibular ameloblastoma samples. We identified 2 convergent mutational signatures in ameloblastoma: 1) a signature found in multiple types of lung cancers with probable etiology of tobacco carcinogens (COSMIC signature 4) and 2) a signature present in gingivobuccal oral squamous cell carcinoma and correlated with tobacco-chewing habits (COSMIC signature 29). These mutational signatures highlight tobacco usage or related mutagens as one possible risk factor of ameloblastoma, since the association of BRAF mutations and smoking was demonstrated in multiple studies. In addition to BRAF hotspot mutations (V600E), we observed clear inter- and intratumor heterogeneities. Interestingly, prior to BRAF mutation, important genes regulating odontogenesis mutated (e.g., corepressor BCOR), possibly playing important roles in tumorigenesis. Furthermore, recurrent mutations in the CDC73 gene, the germline mutations of which predispose patients to the development of jaw tumors, were found in 2 patients, which may lead to recurrence if not targeted by therapeutic drugs. Our unbiased profiling of coding regions of ameloblastoma genomes provides insights to the possible etiology of mandibular ameloblastoma and highlights potential disease risk factors for screening and prevention, especially for Asian patients. Because of the limited sample size and incomplete habitual, dietary, and occupational data, a causal link between tobacco usage and ameloblastoma still requires further investigations.
Politicizing the Minimum Wage: Wage Councils, Worker Mobilization, and Local Elections in Indonesia
Authors: Caraway Teri L. , Ford Michele , Nguyen Oanh K.
Published: March 2019

Indonesia’s weak labor movement transformed local wage councils from institutions of wage restraint into institutions that delivered generous wage increases. This article argues that the arrival of direct elections created an opportunity for unions to leverage elections to alter the balance of power on the wage councils. Activating that leverage required increased contentiousness and coordination among unions. As unions mobilized around wages, conflict with capital intensified and produced disruptive protests that led incumbents to side with workers. Unions also developed innovative tactics to sustain momentum in nonelection years. As unions turned the wage councils in their favor, employers fought back by shifting the scale of the conflict to the national level; the result was the recentralization of wage setting and more modest increases. In a global context of ever weakening organized labor, the Indonesian case shows how weak unions can gain power by mobilizing politically at the local level.
One to serve them all. The growth of chaplaincy in public institutions in Denmark
Authors: Kühle Lene , Christensen Henrik Reintoft
Published: March 2019

The number of Lutheran chaplains in Danish public institutions (hospitals, prisons, the military) has grown substantially in the last few decades. This article presents the results of a recent study of Lutheran (Church of Denmark) chaplains. The material studied is a collection of legal documents and media, a population survey of 300 chaplains, and 34 qualitative interviews. On the basis of this comprehensive body of data, we argue that even in a country as secular as Denmark there are numerous interactions between the religious and the secular, and that the secular state facilitates these interactions. We also argue that the secular public institutions actively reshape the religious landscape because they require a certain kind of religious specialist that focuses on helping patients, prison inmates, and soldiers to cope with hardship and existential issues.
Identity and Other: Women and Transgender Sex Workers in Karnataka
Authors: Sahu Skylab
Published: March 2019

Indian society is multicultural in nature, the diverse socio-cultural and the political factors operating within the society usually create some sort of norms, establish dominance, identify normality and simultaneously create the ‘other’. The other is not a monolithic singular identity, rather it is multiple identities associated with caste, class, gender, religion, etc. The female gender is entangled to multiple layers of power/powerlessness that makes a group of women more vulnerable than the other. While some like sex workers face exclusion because of their disclosed identity, non-recognition of any particular identity can further exclude a group of people. This article analyses how identity formation is an out product of social, political and legal construction. It explains the process through which the state contributes towards social exclusion pertaining to gender, work and sexuality.
The impact of hereditary angioedema on quality of life and family planning decisions
Authors: Kuman Tunçel Özlem , Gökmen Nihal Mete , Demir Ece , Gülbahar Okan , Pırıldar Şebnem
Published: March 2019

Objective

Hereditary angioedema is a serious disease with unpredictable attacks. It has an impact on patients’ health-related quality of life. This study aimed to assess the quality of life of the hereditary angioedema patients and to investigate the relationship between quality of life and demographic, clinical, laboratory, and psychiatric parameters.

Method

A semistructured face-to-face interview, Hamilton depression rating scale, and Hamilton anxiety rating scale were performed by a psychiatrist. Participants completed Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36, Revised Form of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3, and Adult Separation Anxiety Questionnaire. Patients’ complement results were recorded, and clinical data obtained by interview were cross-checked from patients’ files.

Results

In 33 hereditary angioedema patients, subscales of the Study Short Form-36, except for physical functioning, vitality, and mental health were significantly lower compared with population norms. Quality of life scores were found to be correlated with depression, anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, separation anxiety, perceived social support, perceived discrimination, perceived limitation, treatment naïve C1-Inhibitor function, and C1q level. Physical role functioning scores were better in the patients using attenuated androgens (p = 0.006, t = −3.027). Hereditary angioedema contributed to the marital problems and childbearing decisions of the patients.

Conclusion

Hereditary angioedema results in significant impairment in quality of life of the patients and has an impact on family life and life style of the patients. In case of depressive and/or anxiety symptoms, patients should be referred to psychiatrists for better quality of life. Higher levels of C1-inhibitor function and C1q seem to correlate with better quality of life; these needs to be further studied.
Role of quetiapine in protection of neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Morra Joseph A , Alao Adekola O
Published: March 2019

Objective

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychotic disorder in which patients experience positive and negative symptoms for over six months. Schizophrenia is associated with early mortality, with 40% of this excess mortality due to suicide. This is a case of patient with schizophrenia who was treated with quetiapine after suffering a traumatic brain injury and recovered enough to be discharged to a rehabilitation unit. This case illustrates the neuroprotective effects of quetiapine in treating neurologic deficits in a patient who recently suffered a traumatic brain injury.

Method

This is a case report of a patient with schizophrenia treated in the hospital setting. He was placed on quetiapine after suffering a traumatic brain injury due to a suicide attempt in which he shot himself with a nail gun.

Results

The patient initially presented with neurologic deficits suggestive of traumatic brain injury (inattention, memory loss, muscle weakness) and psychosis from schizophrenia. He was treated with quetiapine and recovered enough to be discharged to a rehabilitation unit.

Conclusion

Quetiapine, a second-generation antipsychotic, has been shown to significantly decrease blood–brain barrier hyperpermeability by preserving tight junction integrity in small animal models. This anti-inflammatory effect may also help to preserve neurogenesis in patients with traumatic brain injury, as shown in this case. This case may help elucidate the nature of quetiapine’s neuroprotective effects in patients who have suffered traumatic brain injury and also highlights the need to further investigate other atypical antipsychotics and their potential neuroprotective role in treating traumatic brain injury.
Effects of the Proximity of Paraeducators on the Interactions of Braille Readers in Inclusive Settings
Authors: Harris Beth A.
Published: March 2019

This article reports on a multiple–case study that found a relationship between the proximity of paraeducators and the interactions of students with visual impairments with teachers and sighted students in general education classrooms. More interactions were found with teachers and peers in the classrooms when paraeducators were physically distant from the students. The findings have implications for addressing the roles of and training for paraeducators.
General Education Teachers' Ratings of the Academic Engagement Level of Students who Read Braille: A Comparison with Sighted Peers
Authors: Bardin Julie A. , Lewis Sandra
Published: March 2019

English and language arts teachers of braille-reading students in general education classes rated these students' academic engagement and the academic achievement of low- and average-achieving sighted students in the same classrooms. The braille readers were found to be statistically similar to the low-achieving students with regard to effort, self-determination, and inattention.
Survey Results for Training and Resource Needs Cited by Early Intervention Professionals in the Field of Visual Impairment
Authors: Ely Mindy S. , Ostrosky Michaelene M.
Published: March 2019

Introduction

Professionals working with infants and toddlers with visual impairments (that is, those who are blind or have low vision) were surveyed regarding their preservice training and their awareness and use of 29 resources related to young children who are visually impaired.

Methods

Early intervention visual impairment professionals ( n = 109) from 11 states completed a survey called the Early Intervention Visual Impairment Self-Efficacy Evaluation. The online tool was distributed to all professionals in each target state.

Results

Thirty-eight percent of respondents indicated that the preservice program at which they received training as teachers of visually impaired students or orientation and mobility (O&M) specialists did not include content or experiences related to infants and toddlers with visual impairments. In addition, given three types of resources including books and curriculum ( n = 12), websites ( n = 5), and online or “eLearning” courses ( n = 12), websites were rated as most frequently used, and eLearning resources were least frequently used for professional development. Resources on the topic of cortical or cerebral visual impairment (CVI) were more frequently rated as used, compared to resources on topics such as multiple impairments.

Discussion

Results demonstrate that some training programs for teachers of visually impaired students and O&M specialists do not include content that prepares professionals to work with infants and toddlers with visual impairments, leaving professionals with a need for additional training to serve this population. In addition, workshops and web-based resources were respondents' preferred means of professional development.

Implications for practitioners

As they consider future professional training efforts, individuals responsible for workforce preparation and development in the field of visual impairment need to take into account the training needs and preferred training formats of early intervention professionals.
Implementation of Unified English Braille by Teachers of Students with Visual Impairments in the United States
Authors: Hong Sunggye , Rosenblum L. Penny , Campbell Amy Frank
Published: March 2019

Introduction

This study analyzed survey responses from 141 teachers of students with visual impairments who shared their experiences about the implementation of Unified English Braille (UEB).

Methods

Teachers of students with visual impairments in the United States completed an online survey during spring 2016.

Results

Although most respondents knew if their state had a UEB transition plan, few participated in its development. Half attended workshops to learn about word-based UEB, but few attended workshops about math-based UEB. They believed their students would be successful in transitioning to word-based UEB but were less sure about their transition to math-based UEB.

Discussion

The teachers believed they were more confident in their own skills and their students' future success with word-based UEB compared to math-based UEB. Additional clarification on the relationship between math-based UEB and the Nemeth Braille Code for Mathematics and Science Notation (hereafter, Nemeth code), an increased capacity of math-based UEB training, and clear instruction for high-stakes testing were considered to be urgent issues among these teachers.

Implications for practitioners

Issues concerning the implementation of UEB in the United States will continue to challenge the field of visual impairment for the next several years. Although many teachers of visually impaired students had knowledge of word-based UEB and resources for its implementation, as of January 4, 2016, few were prepared to teach math-based UEB. As the United States is maintaining the Nemeth code, future studies, workshops, and the development of resources are needed to ensure braille users have the knowledge and materials they need in order to be literate in all aspects of UEB.
Laser Partial Arytenoidectomy as an Office Procedure
Authors: Hamdan Abdul-Latif , Khalifee Elie , Jaffal Hussein , Abi Akl Pierre Richard
Published: March 2019

Bilateral vocal fold paralysis is a disabling condition that results in airway symptoms, dysphonia, and sometimes difficulty swallowing. Various types of glottal widening procedures have been described in the literature, all of which are performed in the operating room under general anesthesia. The aim is to report laser partial arytenoidectomy as an office-based treatment modality in a patient with bilateral vocal fold paralysis. Using Thulium laser fiber introduced through the working channel of fiberoptic nasopharyngoscope, a posterior cordectomy followed by resection of the vocal process of the right arytenoid was performed. The laser was used in a pulsed mode, power range 3.5 to 4.5 W, duration 70 to 300 milliseconds, repetition 2 to 4 Hz, and aiming beam 65%. The procedure was well tolerated and the patient was successfully decannulated 3 weeks later. Unsedated office-based laser arytenoidectomy might be considered a safe alternative to the commonly practiced glottal widening procedures in patients with a preexisting tracheotomy.
Primary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Frontal Sinus: Case Description of a Previously Unreported Entity and Literature Review
Authors: Tirelli Giancarlo , Capriotti Vincenzo , Sartori Giovanni , Tofanelli Margherita , Marcuzzo Alberto Vito
Published: March 2019

Sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare malignant epithelial tumor characterized by slow growth, multiple local recurrences, and perineural invasion; surgery followed by radiotherapy provides the best overall survival by means of an endoscopic, craniofacial, or combined approach. We present a previously undescribed case of frontal sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma involving the subcutaneous tissue and the dura mater treated with an open technique, free flap reconstruction, and hadron therapy together with a summary of the state of the art.
#BlackLivesMatter: An Analysis of the Movement as Social Drama
Authors: Jones Leslie Kay
Published: March 2019

Scholars agree that the United States is experiencing a new black civil and human rights movement called #BlackLivesMatter and that the Internet is pivotal to that movement. Protests in Ferguson, Missouri, and in Baltimore, Maryland, dominated national attention for months through 2014 and 2015. Protesters have successfully gained the attention of elite power brokers, a necessary step in the social movement process. #BlackLivesMatter has many insights to provide about mobilization, if researchers take black American discursive power and intellectual production more seriously as subjects of analysis. This article argues that a dramaturgy framework reveals important meaning making that occurs on the periphery of a social movement. In this periphery, my analysis shows that black social media publics are harbingers of racial progress. Introducing the concept of a Greek Chorus to the dramaturgy framework better clarifies the role that Twitter plays in the movement as a public space where outside observers negotiate their own meaning making surrounding the movement’s claims and strategies. Conceptualizing movement mechanics in this way provides a clearer understanding of the importance of digital media in the contemporary black civil rights movement without relying on technological determinism, reducing social media to a structural component of the movement, or undermining the importance of physicality to protest.