bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acquisition of Genetic Aberrations During the Progression of High-Grade Intraepithelial Lesions/Micro-Invasive Squamous Cancers to Widely Invasive Cervical Squamous Cell Cancer
Authors: Kashofer Karl , Reich Olaf , Regauer Sigrid
Published: February 2023

Context.—

Acquisition of genetic aberrations during cervical carcinogenesis in individual patients is poorly documented.

Objective.—

To provide a comparative analysis of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (n = 7) and pT1a squamous cancers (n = 1) and their recurrences, subsequent widely invasive cancers, and metastases developed during 1–24 years.

Design.—

Archival tissues of 8 patients were analyzed immunohistochemically for reserve-cell origin, human papillomavirus genotypes, mutations in 50 cancer genes, and chromosomal copy number variations.

Results.—

Intraepithelial lesions arose either from cytokeratin 17- or 7-expressing reserve cells. All preinvasive and invasive tumors carried human papillomavirus high-risk genotypes and lacked somatic mutations. Chromosomal copy number variations were identified in all intraepithelial lesions and invasive cancers. Four of 8 high-grade intraepithelial lesions progressed to invasive cancer after incomplete treatment, and 4 of 8 invasive cancers arose de novo after in sano resection. Four of 8 cancers carried mutations with high mutational frequency (PIK3CA E545K [n = 2]; PIK3CA and SMAD1 [n = 1]; HRAS, RB1, and EGFR [n = 1]), as did their corresponding regional metastases. One nonmetastasized cancer had a subclonal PIK3CA mutation, and an initially nonmutated, low-stage cancer developed ovarian metastases with PIK3CA amplification. One patient had neither mutations nor metastases. The patient with treated PIK3CA E545K–mutated pT1a cancer developed a subsequent nonmutated intraepithelial lesion that progressed to invasive cancer with a subclonal PIK3CA-H1047R mutation. Cancer-related deaths in 4 of 8 (50%) patients occurred independent of mutational status or metastatic disease.

Conclusions.—

Recurrences arose after persistent or de novo human papillomavirus infection of residual reserve cells or squamous metaplasia. Activating driver mutations were identified in invasive cancers only. High mutational load correlated with metastases, which in turn represented clonal disease.
Community Empowerment by Utilizing Waste into Plastic Flower Crafts at Sidowaras, Bumi Ratu Nuban Central Lampung
Authors: Rizky Hidayatullah  , Mai Zuniati  , Wiwied Pratiwi  , Umar Al Faruq A. Hasyim  , Santi Widyawati  , Peni Maulita
Published: February 2023

Located in the lowlands, Sisowaras Village, Bumi Ratu Nuban Subdistrict, has many livelihoods as farmers, where the majority of the population grows rice in the fields. Apart from farmers, there are also many other livelihoods such as traders, livestock breeders, builders, educators and government employees. However, there are still many young people in the Sidowaras village who do not have a livelihood and lack of creativity, so the purpose of this service is to empower the community in utilizing waste into plastic flower crafts. The service method uses the Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) approach by involving members of the Sidowaras village community, Bumi Ratu Nuban District. . The results of this service are community empowerment in terms of utilizing waste into flower crafts and Capacity Building in the Creative Economy Sector for the Sidowaras community through the use of waste into plastic flowers  which can increase capacity in terms of creativity of the Sidowaras village community in terms of creative industries that can develop creativity in terms of the economy.
Keywords:  Community Empowerment, Waste Utilization, Plastic Flowers
Training of Learning Model Snowball Throwing of Teachers at State Elementary School
Authors: Golda Novatrasio Sauduran  , Rani Farida Sinaga
Published: February 2023

One of the presentations of teaching materials that includes aspects before being and after learning by the teacher which is used directly or indirectly in the teaching and learning process is the snowball throwing learning model. The snowball throwing model is designed like a ball game with the aim of provoking creativity in making questions as well as testing the absorption of the material that has been delivered. The implementation of this community service activity aims to improve the insight and skills of teachers in choosing appropriate learning models during face-to-face learning activities. Partners involved in this community service activity are teachers at State Elementary School No. 173553 Simaremarejae Laguboti-Tobasa , where the activity carried out was training in making questions using the snowball throwing learning model. The results of the training carried out for two days showed that the teachers at State Elementary School No. 173553 Simaremarejae Laguboti-Tobasa is enthusiastic about the material presented and already understands and is able to make practice questions using the snowball throwing learning model.
Training and Installation of Solar Power Public Street Lighting for Karang Taruna at Bareng Village Klojen Malang Districs
Authors: Agus Setiawan  , Sugeng Hadi Susilo  , Elka Faizal  , Ratna Monasari
Published: February 2023

To improve security for residents in the area at ​​Bareng Village Klojen Malang Districts, one of the most important is lighting. The installation of public street lighting is still minimal, so it is far from meeting security and safety standards. In order to ensure the availability of safe and reliable street lighting, training on the assembly of solar-powered street lighting lamps (PJU) was carried out for members of the youth group RT10 RW 08 at Bareng Village Klojen Malang Districs. Prior to the assembly process for street lighting, a brief training was conducted on the assembly of solar-powered PJU light poles and their installation. Hence, they have skills that can be developed people. The result of assistance giving an increasing knowledge and skills of residents of RT10 RW 08 at ​​Bareng Village Klojen Malang Districts. This place in the fabrication and installation of solar-powered PJU lights. In addition, the installation of 3 Solar Powered PJU lights that are safe and reliable, and have an impact on increasing environmental security and residents' activities.
Keywords: Solar Power, Public Street Lighting, Installation Solar Power
Mentoring Children to Memorize Asmaul Husna Using Singing Method at The TPA Al-Muhajirin
Authors: Salsabila Asyifana DLT  , Muslimah  , Nurul Wahdah
Published: February 2023

Mentoring children at Al-Muhajirin Sidomulyo TPA RT 03 in memorizing Asmaul Husna using the singing method is one of the work programs carried out by students of the Thematic Real Work Lecture (KKN) IAIN Palangka Raya. This assistance is a form of community service for Thematic KKN students. The method used in this service is the ABCD (Asset Based Community Development) method. This method has a main focus, namely broadcasting Islamic teachings by developing children's assets through memorizing Asmaul Husna. This mentoring activity aims to increase the potential of children in TPA in Islamic education, especially in the field of memorization. In the mentoring process, four stages are carried out, namely: 1) planning, 2) implementation, 3) observation, 4) reflection. Based on the results of the mentoring carried out, researchers saw that by using the singing method in memorizing Asmaul Husna, there was an increase in memorizing Asmaul Husna in children at Al-Muhajirin TPA. It is proven from the existence of 9 children who have not memorized Asmaul Husna, they have memorized 10 Asmaul Husna; from 5 children who memorized 12 Asmaul Husna, to memorize 20 Asmaul Husna with the correct recitation. Likewise with the quality of memorization, of the 15 children who lacked recitation, they became good and correct in recitation. Thus, mentoring children to memorize Asmaul Husna using the singing method at the Al-Muhajirin Sidomulyo TPA has an effect and has increased.
The analysis of L1 gene variability of Human papilloma virus type 16 in our population
Authors: Milošević Filip , Gatarić Nina , Knežević Aleksandra
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Human papilloma viruses (HPV) have been identified as a major etiological factor in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. High-risk type HPV16 has the greatest medical significance. Based on differences in the nucleotide sequence of the type 16 genome, the existence of 16 variants of this type with different geographical distribution has been shown. Aim: Examination of the nucleotide sequence variability of the L1 gene presented in HPV16 variants in our territory. Material and methods: The paper includes 37 sequences of HPV16 L1 genes taken from the database of the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade. The sequences were compared with the reference sequences of the HPV16 variants and the construction of the phylogenetic tree was done using the MEGA (Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis, version X) software package. Results: Out of the 37 HPV16 L1 analyzed gene sequences, 23 were grouped with European variants. Other isolates were grouped with non-European HPV16 variants. The nucleotide distance was less than 1%, that is, at the level of subvariants. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the European variants of the HPV16 virus are the most common in our population, but they also indicate the presence of non-European variants. Further analysis is necessary in order to monitor the circulation of HPV16 variants in our population.
The role of redox homeostasis biomarkers in clear cell renal cell carcinoma development and progression
Authors: Mihailović Smiljana , Džamić Zoran , Plješa-Ercegovac Marija
Published: February 2023

The clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most frequent and the most aggresive subtype of renal cell carcinoma usually detected at an already advanced stage. It might even be observed as a metabolic disease since complex molecular changes and disturbed redox homeostasis are its hallmark. As certain changes are characteristic for tumorigenesis, while some other for metastatic disease, the identification of metabolic modifications could also point out the stage of tumor progression. Hypoxia inducible factor, as a factor regulating transcription of genes encoding glycolytic enzymes, as well as controlling lipid accumulation, has a particular place in ccRCC development. Additionaly, disturbed redox homeostasis induces the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway which further modulates the synthesis of phase-II detoxifying metabolism enzymes. The upregulation of glutathione transferases, Pi class especially, inhibits kinase-dependent apoptosis that is essential in tumor progression. Furthermore, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) acts as a signaling molecule conveying redox signals, while superoxide dismutase, as well as glutathione peroxidase are enzymes involved in its production and degradation. Hence, the activity of these enzymes impacts hydrogen peroxide levels and consequentially the ability of ccRCC cells to evade negative effect of reactive oxygen species.
Histomorphological skin changes in the wound healing process after surgical intervention
Authors: Neorčić Martin , Fejsa-Levakov Aleksandra
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The process of wound healing is best represented by an uninfected surgical wound. It is characterized by the formation of granulation tissue, with migration and proliferation of fibroblasts, neoangiogenesis and production of extracellular matrix. Granulation tissue is gradually replaced by scar made up of connective tissue and, in most cases - the process is ended up in three or four weeks. The whole process takes about six weeks and a newly formed scar has approximately 90% of strength of the intact skin. Aim: The aim of this paper is the examination of histomorphological changes in the skin during wound healing by first intention. Material and methods: Six groups are formed based on the age of the wounds. In each group we searched for changes in epidermis, collagen fibers, fibroblasts, capillaries, inflammatory infiltrate and hypodermis. Tissue biopsies were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Mallory trichrome stain, silver impregnation and immunohistochemically for CD31, collagen IV and h-caldesmon. Results: Analyzing the wounds in different stages of healing we have observed histomorphological changes that could be described chronologically. In each group we chose the most representative biopsy with visible location of surgical cut, and clear histological changes of the repairing process specific for every period. Conclusion: After the surgical incision, the process of skin repair takes place to form a new scar made up of tissue different from the surrounding intact skin. The scar shows irregular architectonics of collagen fibers, loss of skin appendages in dermis, and thicker epidermis.
Risks factors of prolonged hospitalization in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Janković Slobodan , Živković-Zarić Radica , Gavrilović Jagoda , Opančina Valentina , Čekerevac Ivan , Pušica Romana
Published: February 2023

Objective. Although some factors that may influence hospitalization of COVID-19 patients are already known (hypocalcaemia and hyponatremia, bilateral pneumonia), there is a number of other potential predictors that were not investigated previously. The aim of our study was to investigate further potential predictors of the length of hospitalization among patients with COVID-19. Methods. The study was designed as observational, retrospective cohort investigation of factors associated with length of stay in a tertiary care hospital of patients admitted primarily due to COVID-19. Main outcome of the study was length of hospitalization. Secondary outcomes were mortality rate, rate of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and rate of severe sepsis. Results. There were 110 patients whose primary reason for admission was COVID-19. The average age of our study sample was 56 years and the male gender was predominant. The median length of hospitalization was 12 days, and most of the patients lived in a city. Our study suggested that Charlson Comorbidity Index, antipsychotics, beta-blockers, metronidazole and oxygen inhalation therapy could prolong stay of COVID-19 patients in a hospital. On the other hand, corticosteroid therapy, blood transfusion, parenteral proton pump inhibitors, and macrolides reduced the length of hospitalization. Conclusions. Co-morbidities and prescribing drugs that are used for treatment of delirium or post-antibiotic diarrhea are associated with prolonged hospitalization of COVID-19 patients, while medication used for treatment of complications may shorten stay in a hospital and probably improve survival.
About Collocation Methods for Marine Propeller Design
Authors: Guermond J. L.
Published: February 2023

Linearized numerical methods are extensively used to design marine propellers since blade thickness ratios are generally small. These methods mainly consist of distributing normal dipoles and sources on the mean blade surface to represent lifting and thickness effects. They are particularly adapted to the design process since they do not require the exact knowledge of the actual surface; furthermore, they give satisfactory results for very low panel numbers, enabling fast and accurate iterations of the design process. These are the advantages they have against more sophisticated methods like panel methods, for which singularity panels are distributed on the actual surface.

However, linear singularity methods have inherent problems, among them is the fact that the kernel associated with the dipole distribution has a Cauchy type singularity. They have also to deal with square root singularities at the leading-edge and the blade tip. To cope with these problems, collocation methods: like the Vortex Lattice Method (VLM), have been devised. Although these methods are well founded in two dimensions, their application in three dimensions is still somewhat empirical and sometimes inaccurate. Actually, they are not reliable in predicting the force and pressure distribution in the vicinity of the blade tip if the blades are highly skewed, or if the blade aspect ratio is very small.

In the present paper, the origins of these inaccuracies are thoroughly discussed, and after a simple mathematical analysis, a new scheme is proposed to overcome them. It is mainly a matter of adapting the panel arrangement to the blade boundaries: leading-edge, tip and trailing edge. The force calculation is reviewed in the second part of this paper. It is shown that the pressure induced force along with leading-edge suction can be accurately determined everywhere on the blades.
Multi-purpose Ducted CP-Propellers, Some Design and Operation Problems
Authors: Bjarne E.
Published: February 2023

The aim of this paper is to give some idea of the difficulties which can arise at the design and operation of multi-purpose ducted CP-Propellers.

The most important problems are the contradictory requirements of bollard pull and push forces, but simultaneously the requirements for transit conditions with pull or reduced power, often at constant propeller RPM, must be fulfilled.

In all the cases it is desired that no harmful cavitation phenomena appear (i.e. no erosion and vibration problems and no propeller force reduction.)

Investigations in the SSPA cavitation tunnel and towing tank have been carried out with a number of propeller and duct models to study the influence of geometric parameters on the propeller behaviour at different conditions. Some of the results of these investigations are analyzed and discussed here.
Iron status influences mitochondrial disease progression in Complex I-deficient mice
Authors: Kelly CJ , Couch Reid K , Ha Vivian T , Bodart Camille M , Wu Judy , Huff Sydney , Herrel Nicole T , Kim Hyunsung D , Zimmermann Azaad O , Shattuck Jessica , Pan Yu-Chen , Kaeberlein Matt , Grillo Anthony S
Published: February 2023

Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by aberrant Complex I assembly and reduced activity of the electron transport chain is pathogenic in many genetic and age-related diseases. Mice missing the Complex I subunit NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4 (NDUFS4) are a leading mammalian model of severe mitochondrial disease that exhibit many characteristic symptoms of Leigh Syndrome including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, brain lesions, and premature death. NDUFS4 knockout mice have decreased expression of nearly every Complex I subunit. As Complex I normally contains at least 8 iron-sulfur clusters and more than 25 iron atoms, we asked whether a deficiency of Complex I may lead to iron perturbations, thereby accelerating disease progression. Consistent with this, iron supplementation accelerates symptoms of brain degeneration in these mice, while iron restriction delays the onset of these symptoms, reduces neuroinflammation, and increases survival. NDUFS4 knockout mice display signs of iron overload in the liver including increased expression of hepcidin and show changes in iron-responsive element-regulated proteins consistent with increased cellular iron that were prevented by iron restriction. These results suggest that perturbed iron homeostasis may contribute to pathology in Leigh Syndrome and possibly other mitochondrial disorders.
Coevolution-based prediction of key allosteric residues for protein function regulation
Authors: Xie Juan , Zhang Weilin , Zhu Xiaolei , Deng Minghua , Lai Luhua
Published: February 2023

Allostery is fundamental to many biological processes. Due to the distant regulation nature, how allosteric mutations, modifications, and effector binding impact protein function is difficult to forecast. In protein engineering, remote mutations cannot be rationally designed without large-scale experimental screening. Allosteric drugs have raised much attention due to their high specificity and possibility of overcoming existing drug-resistant mutations. However, optimization of allosteric compounds remains challenging. Here, we developed a novel computational method KeyAlloSite to predict allosteric site and to identify key allosteric residues (allo-residues) based on the evolutionary coupling model. We found that protein allosteric sites are strongly coupled to orthosteric site compared to non-functional sites. We further inferred key allo-residues by pairwise comparing the difference of evolutionary coupling scores of each residue in the allosteric pocket with the functional site. Our predicted key allo-residues are in accordance with previous experimental studies for typical allosteric proteins like BCR-ABL1, Tar, and PDZ3, as well as key cancer mutations. We also showed that KeyAlloSite can be used to predict key allosteric residues distant from the catalytic site that are important for enzyme catalysis. Our study demonstrates that weak coevolutionary couplings contain important information of protein allosteric regulation function. KeyAlloSite can be applied in studying the evolution of protein allosteric regulation, designing and optimizing allosteric drugs, and performing functional protein design and enzyme engineering.
Tracking multiple conformations occurring on angstrom-and-millisecond scales in single amino-acid-transporter molecules
Authors: Zhou Yufeng , Lewis John H , Lu Zhe
Published: February 2023

Most membrane protein molecules undergo conformational changes as they transition from one functional state to another one. An understanding of the mechanism underlying these changes requires the ability to resolve individual conformational states, whose changes often occur on millisecond and angstrom scales. Tracking such changes and acquiring a sufficiently large amount of data remain challenging. Here, we use the amino-acid transporter AdiC as an example to demonstrate the application of a high-resolution fluorescence-polarization-microscopy method in tracking multistate conformational changes of a membrane protein. We have successfully resolved four conformations of AdiC by monitoring the emission-polarization changes of a fluorophore label and quantified their probabilities in the presence of a series of concentrations of its substrate arginine. The acquired data are sufficient for determining all equilibrium constants that fully establish the energetic relations among the four states. The KD values determined for arginine in four individual conformations are statistically comparable to the previously reported overall KD determined using isothermal titration calorimetry. This demonstrated strong resolving power of the present polarization-microscopy method will enable an acquisition of the quantitative information required for understanding the expected complex conformational mechanism underlying the transporter’s function, as well as those of other membrane proteins.
A natural language processing based technique for sentiment analysis of college english corpus
Authors: Xu Jingjing
Published: February 2023

The college English corpus can help us better master English, but how to obtain the desired information from a large number of English corpus has become the focus of information technology. Based on the natural language processing (NLP) technology, a sentiment analysis model is built in this article. An improved term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) algorithm is proposed in this article, where the weighted average method is used to determine the emotional value of each emotional word. The inspirational words are used to obtain the English corpus’s emotional tendency and emotional value. The results show that the model has high classification accuracy and operation efficiency when selecting feature words. Compared with the TF-IDF, the improved TF-IDF algorithm added the necessary information weight processing and word density weight processing to two new processing links, which can significantly improve the efficiency of college English learning.
Adaptive changes in bodybuilders in conditions of different energy supply modes and intensity of training load regimes using machine and free weight exercises
Authors: Chernozub Andrii , Manolachi Veaceslav , Tsos Anatolii , Potop Vladimir , Korobeynikov Georgiy , Manolachi Victor , Sherstiuk Liudmyla , Zhao Jie , Mihaila Ion
Published: February 2023

Background

The research was aimed at comparing the effect of using two types of training load different in intensity and energy supply. We studied the influence of the proposed load variations (machine and free weight exercises) on long-term adaptation of the body at the stage of specialized basic training in bodybuilding.

Methods

A total of 64 athletes aged 18–20 years were examined. The research participants were randomly divided into four groups, 16 athletes in each group. Athletes of group 1 and 3 used a complex of free weight exercises. Group 2 and 4 participants performed machine exercises. Bodybuilders of group 1 and 2 were trained in conditions of medium intensity training load (Ra = 0.58) in the anaerobic-glycolytic mode of energy supply. Athletes of the 3rd and 4th groups used high intensity load (Ra = 0.71) in the anaerobic-alactate mode of energy supply. We managed to determine the nature of adaptation processes using methods of control testing of strength capabilities, bioimpedansometry, anthropometry, biochemical analysis of blood serum (LDH, creatinine).

Results

The study showed that the difference in the dynamics of the participants’ maximum strength development (on example of chest muscles) did not depend on the content of machine or free weight exercises, but on the features of training load regimes. Thus, the controlled indicator of strength capabilities in athletes of groups 3 and 4 increased by 5.1% compared to groups 1 and 2. During all stages of the study, the indicators of the projectile working mass in athletes of groups 3 and 4 exceeded the results observed in groups 1 and 2 by 25.9%. At the same time, the amount of load in a set is on average 2 times higher in athletes of groups 1 and 2. Group 4 athletes, who used machine exercises and high intensity training load, increased the circumferential body measurements by 3.8 times (the chest), compared to the results recorded in group 1 athletes. Athletes of group 1 and 2 showed increasing in body fat by 3.4% compared to the initial level on the background of large load volume. The basal creatine level in bodybuilders of groups 3 and 4 increased by 3.7 times after 12 weeks of study, which indicates an accelerated growth of muscle mass.

Conclusion

The most pronounced adaptive body changes in bodybuilders at the stage of specialized basic training occurred during high intensity training load and anaerobic-alactate energy supply mode. Machine exercises contributed to increasing the morpho functional indicators of athletes more than free weight exercises.
Crystal Plasticity Elastic-Plastic Rate-Independent Numerical Analyses of Pollycrystalline Materials
Authors: Wójcik Marta , Skrzat Andrzej , Stachowicz Feliks , Spišák Emil
Published: February 2023

Macroscopic analyses of plastic forming processes give only the overall description of the problem without the consideration of mechanisms of plastic deformation and the microstructure evolution. For the consideration of these processes, numerical simulations within crystal plasticity include the change of texture, anisotropy, and strain hardening of the material are used. In this paper, a crystal plasticity rate-independent model proposed by Anand and Kothari is applied for numerical analyses of polycrystalline materials. The slip was considered as the main mechanism of the plastic deformation. Basic constitutive equations of crystal plasticity for large deformation theories are presented. The selected results of elastic-plastic problems obtained using both macro- and micro- scales software for the explicit and implicit integration are featured here. The heterogeneous distribution of strain and stress in different grains are obtained, which is associated with the various crystal orientation. The crystal plasticity modelling of materials subject to plastic deformation involves not only the information about the change of a material’s shape in a macro-scale, but also describes the phenomena occurring in material in a micro-scale.
Performance of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) based Intercropping System in kharif under Different Row Proportion on Yield and Economics
Authors: Rakshit Shubhashish , Choudhary A. , Potkile S. , Sahare Vipin
Published: February 2023

An Agronomic investigation entitled “Performance of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Based intercropping system in kharif under different row proportion” was carried out at Agriculture College Farm, Nagpur during kharif 2017-18. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with nine treatments as T1- Sole sesame, T2 - Sole green gram, T3 - Sole black gram, T4 - Sesame : Green gram in 1:1 row ratio, T5 - Sesame : Green gram in 2:1 row ratio, T6 - Sesame : Green gram in 3:1 row ratio, T7 - Sesame : Black gram in 1:1 row ratio, T8 - Sesame : Black gram in 2:1 row ratio and T9 - Sesame : Black gram in 3:1 row ratio and were replicated thrice. The results of the study indicated that, among all treatments, sole sesame (T1) recorded highest seed yield, straw yield and biological yield. Among the intercropping treatments, sesame with black gram in 1:1 row ratio recorded higher seed yield, straw yield and biological yield. Intercropping of sesame: black gram in 1:1 row ratio (T7) recorded the higher GMR (₹ 87563 ha-1), NMR (₹ 62060 ha-1), B:C ratio (3.43).
Evaluation of Autologous Plasma Gel in Tear Trough Deformity
Authors: Waheed Elmahdi Shimaa , Seif El-Eslam Shaker Engi , Hussein Mahmoud Wael , El-Sayed Amin Tarek
Published: February 2023

Background: Plasma gel is a gelatinous substance made of proteins that have been gelled together and includes fibrin, which gives the formula more firmness and resistance than regular platelet-rich plasma. The aim of this work was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of autologous plasma gel injection in treatment of tear trough deformity.

Methods: This study was carried out on 10 female patients presented with tear trough deformity without prior cosmetic therapy or performed any facial surgery. Female patients were received two sessions of autologous plasma gel injection at 2- week interval.

Results: There was statistically significant improvement (decrease) in Tear Trough Rating Scale after intervention compared to before intervention (P=0.004). Regarding patient satisfaction after treatment, all patients showed various degree of satisfaction as follows: there was any patient very satisfied, 2 patients (20%) satisfied, 4 patients (40%) neutral, 3 patients (30%) dissatisfied, and 1 patient (10%) very dissatisfied.

Conclusions: The present study showed that plasma gel was safe and effective in the treatment of Tear Trough Deformity. Plasma gel give significantly better outcome as regard global improvement, complications and patient satisfaction.
Evaluation of Agronomic Performance and Fruit Quality of Four Genotypes of Bell Pepper under Greenhouse Conditions
Authors: Castañeda Lorena Silvestre , Montejo Neymar Camposeco , López Josué Israel García , Naveda Antonio Flores , Torres Norma Angélica Ruiz , Chacón Xóchitl Ruelas , Rico Juan Samuel J. G. Alcalá , Bautista Adriana Antonio
Published: February 2023

Aims: The objective of this experiment was to evaluate agronomic performance of four pepper genotypes under greenhouse conditions, and to determine the nutritional content of their fruits.

Study Design: Was with the completely randomized model with four treatments (genotypes P-01, P-02, P-03 and P-04) and four repetitions each. The comparison of means was by Tukey ≤.05.

Place and Duration of Study: Experimental greenhouse "The Bajío” Buenavista, Plant Breeding Department of the Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro. between March 2021 to December 2021.

Methodology: Four genotypes of bell pepper were evaluated (P-01, P-02, P-03 and P-04), through the quantification and determination of morphological variables, yield, as well as the physicochemical and nutritional quality of the pepper fruits.

Results: Significant statistical differences were identified in the number of fruits per plant, highlighting P-03, P-04 with 13.81 and 13.53 fruits, in fruit length, the P-01 genotype exceeded the rest of the genotypes by more than 16.5 %. For physicochemical evaluations there were no significant differences, however, there was a 10 % increase in firmness and mesocarp thickness in the P-03 and P-04 genotypes. Regarding carotenoids, P-03 had 52 % more than the rest of the genotypes, the P-01 genotype stood out in antioxidant capacity with 6 and 15 % for ABTS and FRAP, while the P-02 genotype stood out in a 26 % for DDPH. The color of the fruits turned out to be yellow red, highlighting P-03 and P-02 in terms of luminosity.

Conclusion: Due to the length of the fruits, the genetic potential of the P-03 genotype could be exploited, while due to the number of fruits harvested per plant, the genotypes with the greatest potential are P-02 and P-04. The variables with differences between treatments can lead to the selection of genotypes of better commercial quality and greater fruit set.
Studi Mengenai Directed Changes dan Constructive Changes pada Proyek Bangunan Tinggi di Surabaya
Authors: Henuk Yohana Gunawan , Nugraha Paul , Andi Andi
Published: February 2023

Change order terdiri dari directed changes (perubahan formal) dan constructive changes (perubahan  informal). Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai apa saja faktor penyebab change order yang terjadi serta dampaknya dalam hal biaya, waktu dan produktivitas. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada proyek bangunan tinggi di Surabaya, termasuk melakukan studi kasus pada sebuah proyek kampus di Surabaya. Penelitian dimulai dengan menemukan faktor-faktor penyebab change order melalui studi literatur, yang dilanjutkan dengan proses penyusunan kuesioner.  Proses analisa data dilakukan dengan analisa deskriptif dan dilakukan Kruskal Wallis Test serta uji ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum pendapat antara pihak owner, konsultan pengawas, dan kontraktor baik perubahan secara formal maupun informal tidak ada perbedaan. Sedangkan pendapat antara pihak tersebut terhadap dampak biaya, waktu, dan produktivitas pada proyek berbeda pada beberapa faktor. Sedangkan untuk hasil penelitian dari proyek kampus di Surabaya, didapati 7 faktor untuk perubahan formal serta 1 faktor untuk perubahan informal yang terjadi.
Cellular effects of olomoucine, an inhibitor of cyclin‐dependent kinases
Authors: Abraham RT , Acquarone M. , Andersen A. , Asensi A. , Bellé R. , Berger F. , Bergounioux C. , Brunn G. , Buquet‐Fagot C. , Fagot D. , Glab N. , Goudeau H. , Goudeau M. , Guerrier P. , Houghton P. , Hendriks H. , Kloareg B. , Lippai M. , Marie D. , Maro B. , Meijer L. , Mester J. , Mulner‐Lorillon O. , Poulet SA , Schierenberg E. , Schutte B. , Vaulot D. , Verlhac MH
Published: July 2002

Summary— Olomoucine (2‐(2‐hydroxyethylamino)‐6‐benzylamino‐9‐methylpurine) has been recently described as a competitive inhibitor (ATP‐binding site) of the cell cycle regulating p34cdc2/cyclin B, p33cdk2/cyclin A and p33cdk2/cyclin E kinases, the brain p33cdk5 p35 kinase and the ERK1AP‐kinase. The unusual specificity of this compound towards cell cycle regulating enzymes suggests that it could inhibit certain steps of the cell cycle. The cellular effects of olomoucine were investigated in a large variety of plant and animal models. This compound inhibits the G1S transition of unicellular algae (dinoflagellate and diatom). It blocks Fucus zygote cleavage and development of Laminaria gametophytes. Stimulated Petunia mesophyl protoplasts are arrested in G1 by olomoucine. By arresting cleavage it blocks the development of Calanus copepod larvae. It reversibly inhibits the early cleavages of Caenorhabditis elegans embryos and those of ascidian embryos. Olomoucine inhibits the serotonin‐induced prophase/metaphase transition of clam oocytes; furthermore, it triggers the release of these oocytes from their meiotic metaphase I arrest, and induces nuclei reformation. Olomoucine slows down the prophase/metaphase transition in cleaving sea urchin embryos, but does not affect the duration of the metaphase/anaphase and anaphase/telophase transitions. It also inhibits the prophase/metaphase transition of starfish oocytes triggered by various agonists. Xenopus oocyte maturation, the in vivo and in vitro phosphorylation of elongation factor EF‐1 are inhibited by olomoucine. Mouse oocyte maturation is delayed by this compound, whereas parthenogenetic release from metaphase II arrest is facilitated. Growth of a variety of human cell lines (rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines Rh1, Rh18, Rh28 and Rh30; MCF‐7, KB‐3‐1 and their adriamycin‐resistant counterparts; National Cancer Institute 60 human tumor cell lines comprising nine tumor types) is inhibited by olomoucine. Cell cycle parameter analysis of the non‐small cell lung cancer cell line MR65 shows that olomoucine affects G1 and S phase transits. Olomoucine inhibits DNA synthesis in interleukin‐2‐stimulated T lymphocytes (CTLL‐2 cells) and triggers a G1 arrest similar to interleukin‐2 deprivation. Both cdc2 and cdk2 kinases (immunoprecipitated from nocodazole‐ and hydroxyurea‐treated CTLL‐2 cells, respectively) are inhibited by olomoucine. Both yeast and Drosophila embryos were insensitive to olomoucine. Taken together the results of this Noah's Ark approach show that olomoucine arrests cells both at the G1S and the G2M boundaries, consistent with the hypothesis of a prevalent effect on the cdk2 and cdc2 kinases, respectively.
Antioxidant α‐tocopherol ameliorates glycemic control of GK rats, a model of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ihara Yu , Yamada Yuichiro , Toyokuni Shinya , Miyawaki Kazumasa , Ban Nobuhiro , Adachi Tetsuya , Kuroe Akira , Iwakura Toshio , Kubota Akira , Hiai Hiroshi , Seino Yutaka
Published: July 2002

We have shown recently that oxidative stress by chronic hyperglycemia damages the pancreatic β‐cells of GK rats, a model of non‐obese type 2 diabetes, which may worsen diabetic condition and suggested the administration of antioxidants as a supportive therapy. To determine if natural antioxidant α‐tocopherol (vitamin E) has beneficial effects on the glycemic control of type 2 diabetes, GK rats were fed a diet containing 0, 20 or 500 mg/kg diet α‐tocopherol. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test revealed a significant increment of insulin secretion at 30 min and a significant decrement of blood glucose levels at 30 and 120 min after glucose loading in the GK rats fed with high α‐tocopherol diet. The levels of glycated hemoglobin A1c, an indicator of glycemic control, were also reduced. Vitamin E supplementation clearly ameliorated diabetic control of GK rats, suggesting the importance of not only dietary supplementation of natural antioxidants but also other antioxidative intervention as a supportive therapy of type 2 diabetic patients.
Cloning and expression analysis of an inducible HSP70 gene from tilapia fish
Authors: Molina Alfredo , Biemar Frédéric , Müller Ferenc , Iyengar Arati , Prunet Patrick , Maclean Norman , Martial Joseph A. , Muller Marc
Published: July 2002

We isolated and characterized the tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) HSP70 gene, highly homologous to other HSP70 genes. A dramatic increase of tilapia HSP70 mRNA levels was observed after heat shock of whole animals in all organs tested. Reporter constructs were tested for transient expression in carp cells and in microinjected zebrafish embryos. The entire isolated regulatory region (−851/+157) was able to mediate heat shock inducible expression of the reporter gene, with no preference for a particular tissue. Our studies represent the first transcriptional analysis of a HSP70 promoter from fish, revealing a powerful tool to direct controlled, tissue‐independent gene expression in fish.
Hydrogen peroxide activates IκB kinases through phosphorylation of serine residues in the activation loops
Authors: Kamata Hideaki , Manabe Tomoyuki , Oka Shin-ichi , Kamata Keiko , Hirata Hajime
Published: July 2002

The cellular redox state regulates nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling systems. We investigated the effects of H2O2 on inhibitor of NF‐κB (IκB) kinases (IKKα and IKKβ), which phosphorylate IκB leading to its degradation and NF‐κB activation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) stimulation increased IKK activity within 10 min, and then IKK activity decreased gradually within 30 min in HeLa cells. Stimulation of the cells with H2O2 induced a slight activation of IKK within 30 min. Furthermore, co‐stimulation with TNF suppressed the downregulation of IKK and sustained the activation for more than 30 min. H2O2 also markedly activated IKK in cells that were pretreated with TNF or phorbol myristate acetate. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that H2O2 enhanced TNF‐induced NF‐κB activation. Studies using IKK mutants and an antibody against phosphorylated IKK proteins revealed that phosphorylation of serine residues, Ser180 of IKKα and Ser181 of IKKβ, in the activation loops was essential for the H2O2‐mediated activation of IKK. H2O2‐induced activation of IKKα and IKKβ was reduced by IKKβ and IKKα kinase‐negative mutants, respectively, indicating that IKKα and IKKβ were stimulated by H2O2 in an interdependent manner. These results suggest that oxidative radical stress has stimulatory effects on NF‐κB through the activation of IKK, which is mediated by the phosphorylation of serine residues in the activation loops.
Intracellular mechanisms mediating the neuronal death and astrogliosis induced by the prion protein fragment 106–126
Authors: Thellung Stefano , Florio Tullio , Corsaro Alessandro , Arena Sara , Merlino Massimo , Salmona Mario , Tagliavini Fabrizio , Bugiani Orso , Forloni Gianluigi , Schettini Gennaro
Published: July 2002

Prion encephalopathies include fatal diseases of the central nervous system of men and animals characterized by nerve cell loss, glial proliferation and deposition of amyloid fibrils into the brain. During these diseases a cellular glycoprotein (the prion protein, PrPC) is converted, through a not yet completely clear mechanism, in an altered isoform (the prion scrapie, PrPSc) that accumulates within the brain tissue by virtue of its resistance to the intracellular catabolism. PrPSc is believed to be responsible for the neuronal loss that is observed in the prion disease. The PrP 106–126, a synthetic peptide that has been obtained from the amyloidogenic portion of the prion protein, represents a suitable model for studying the pathogenic role of the PrPSc, retaining, in vitro, some characteristics of the entire protein, such as the capability to aggregate in fibrils, and the neurotoxicity. In this work we present the results we have recently obtained regarding the action of the PrP 106–126 in different cellular models. We report that the PrP 106–126 induces proliferation of cortical astrocytes, as well as degeneration of primary cultures of cortical neurons or of neuroectodermal stable cell lines (GH3 cells). In particular, these two opposite effects are mediated by the same attitude of the peptide to interact with the L‐type calcium channels: in the astrocytes, the activity of these channels seems to be activated by PrP 106–126, while, in the cortical neurons and in the GH3 cells, the same treatment causes a blockade of these channels causing a toxic effect.
Oxidative damage in Alzheimer's disease: the metabolic dimension
Authors: Perry George , Nunomura Akihiko , Hirai Keisuke , Takeda Atsushi , Aliev Gjumrakch , Smith Mark A.
Published: July 2002

Cell bodies of neurons at risk of death in Alzheimer disease have increased lipid peroxidation, nitration, free carbonyls, and nucleic acid oxidation. These oxidative changes are uniform among neurons and are seen whether or not the neurons display neurofibrillary tangles and, in fact, are acutally reduced in the latter case. In consideration of this localization of damage, in this review, we provide a summary of recent work demonstrating some key abnormalities that may initiate and promote neuronal oxidatave damage.
Dietary vitamin E and T cell‐mediated function in the elderly: effectiveness and mechanism of action
Authors: Serafini Mauro
Published: July 2002

One of the most dramatic and consequence‐bearing age‐related phenomena is the decline of the immune function with old age. Age‐related T cell‐mediated immunity dysfunction has been implicated in the etiology of many of the chronic degenerative diseases of the elderly, including arthritis, cancer, autoimmune diseases and increased susceptibility to infectious diseases. T cells from aged individuals are impaired in their response to mitogens and in their cytokine production. In recent years, several studies have emphasized the importance of intracellular anti‐oxidant levels for preserving the immune function. Recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of action of anti‐oxidants on cellular metabolism, have shown that anti‐oxidants may modulate signal transduction and gene expression in immune cells. Vitamin E is widely recognized as a major lipid‐soluble chain‐breaking anti‐oxidant in the biological membrane, where it scavenges free radicals, inhibiting the initiation and chain propagation of lipid peroxidation and protecting cellular structures against oxidative stress damage. Experimental studies have provided evidences for a role of vitamin E in protecting the immune system of elderly subjects. This article reviews the studies concerning the effect of both vitamin E deficiency and supplementation on T cell‐mediated immune function in aging. Following a chronological pathway, the present article will also discuss the knowledge regarding the underlying mechanism of action of vitamin E.
East Central Europe on the eve of the changeover: the case of Poland
Authors: Korbonski Andrzej
Published: July 2002

In contrast to the voluminous literature dealing with the post-communist transformation, much less attention has been paid to the circumstances that led to the communist collapse. The purpose of this paper is to redress the imbalance by trying to examine the socio-political and economic situation on the eve of the changeover and to determine which factors, taken collectively, produced a trigger which ignited the implosion of 1989. The focus will be on Poland, the country which—it is generally agreed—was the first one to launch the process of change and to initiate the “domino effect” which ultimately affected the entire region.
An analysis of nontraditional activities at U.S. commercial banks
Authors: Rogers Kevin , Sinkey Joseph F.
Published: July 2002

In recent years, commercial banking in the United States has experienced a decline in its traditional business of financing loans by issuing deposits. Simultaneously, banks have become more involved in nontraditional activities that provide financial services and generate fee income. As a result, real aggregate noninterest income has risen relative to income from traditional activities. This paper examines features common to banks that are heavily engaged in nontraditional areas. The empirical analysis suggests that these banks tend to be larger, have smaller net interest margins, have relatively fewer core deposits, and exhibit less risk. These findings have intuitive appeal and conform to conventional wisdom; while larger banks have fewer core deposits and face more competitive interest rate conditions, resulting in narrow spreads from traditional intermediation, they have more diverse sources of revenue and greater access to financial markets, which reduces risk.