bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic investigation of congestion management methods for dynamic security assessment application
Authors: I. Hauer , M. Richter , C.O. Heyde
Published: November 2024

The large share of renewables in the generation mix and concomitant upgrading of the grid into a smart grid is making system operation more complex and highly dynamic. This necessitates swifter responsiveness to changes in system states in order to operate highly loaded grids in which dynamic security limits will likely become increasingly critical. Dynamic security assessment can be applied to detect potential hazards and to assist operators by recommending optimized countermeasures. This paper is focused on the identification of countermeasures against congestion, which can be employed in dynamic security assessments. These problems are generally counteracted by preventive redispatch using conventional power plants located far away. Managing the situation with technical efficiency requires factoring in distributed energy resources and loads. Based on a literature review, an extended Newton-Raphson algorithm has been chosen for this purpose. The algorithm has been modified to calculate optimal redispatch, factoring in loads, generators and slack generators. Optimal in this case denotes the most effective technical measures and solutions identified, which will return the system to its normal state with a minimum of adjustments. The suitability of the redispatch method is subsequently tested in a dynamic security assessment system. The results of the dynamic test reveal the utility of the proposed method. The redispatch amount can be reduced by factoring in generator performance after a fault.
Multi-Criteria Problems in Electric Power System Expansion Planning
Authors: N.I. Voropai
Published: November 2024

The paper presents different options of the power industry structure in a market environment and the nature of electric power system expansion planning problems. Mathematical methods are proposed to solve the problems of generation expansion planning. The use of a hierarchical multi-criteria game model is demonstrated for the case of “soft” regulation of the liberalized electric power industry expansion. Methods for analysis of many preference relations in electric power system expansion planning are discussed. Two illustrative case studies are presented.
"Floating" threshold values for energy security indicators describing the tariffs of energy resources
Authors: E.V. Bykova
Published: November 2024

The paper briefly presents the methodological approaches to analyzing the energy security and the system of indicators used in Moldova. One of the tasks is to determine the threshold values of indicators, which, when exceeded, indicate a state of crisis. The threshold values are determined for the entire time series of values and for each indicator individually. Different approaches can be used. However, for the indicators describing energy tariffs, the attempts to use fixed thresholds for the entire time series were unsuccessful. Tariffs for energy resources and GDP are interrelated. Tariffs are involved in the calculations of Intermediate Consumption - one of the GDP components. The growth of tariffs is one of the reasons for the decline in GDP. In this regard, there was a need for a special new approach to the development of threshold values of tariff indicators that would be related to annual changes in GDP. The idea that the growth of tariffs should not exceed the GDP growth was used to determine the threshold values. The annual values of the maximum possible growth of tariffs are obtained based on the dynamics of the GDP growth. They gave the ("floating") thresholds for tariff indicators for each year of the time series.
An Improved Technique For Identification Of Mathematical Models Of Thermal Power Equipment
Authors: V. Alexeyuk
Published: November 2024

The paper proposes an improved technique for identification of mathematical models of complex thermal power equipment. This integrated technique provides more effective detection of gross errors in measurements of control parameters applied for identification of a mathematical model of studied equipment, validation of the model, correction of errors in the model construction, and an increase in the identification accuracy. Additionally, the paper presents an original approach to considering the effect of a generating unit load on the internal relative efficiencies of turbine compartments, which can be applied to other adjusted coefficients of the mathematical model with nonlinear dependence on equipment operating conditions. The proposed technique was tested on a detailed mathematical model of a 225 MW generating unit. In the paper, the mathematical model identification problem is solved for the generating unit and an example of optimization calculation is demonstrated for the actual operating conditions to decrease specific fuel consumption for electricity generation.
A Computing System for Processing the Interstate Power Grid Data
Authors: I. Trofimov , S. Podkovalnikov , L. Trofimov , L. Chudinova
Published: November 2024

The paper presents a Data Processing and Geo-information Computing System (DPGICS) intended to study and forecast the expansion of interstate power grids. We propose an original technology for data storage in an object-oriented database, and a technology for data processing and representation using user-friendly interface. An example is given to demonstrate the DPGICS applied to visualize energy data on maps, and to form aggregated tables with the results obtained using the ORIRES optimization model being part of DPGICS. Index Terms: geo-information system, optimization model, data processing, object database, power plant, power system, interstate power interconnection.
Load-Reduction Capability Estimation for an Aggregator in Demand Bidding Program
Authors: H. Yang , J. Liao , J. Wang
Published: November 2024

In the recent decades, as a result of the increase in demand for electricity, it has been getting increasingly more frequent that the spinning reserve rate of the generators in Taiwan reaches lower level which reflects the emergency of power supply. The paper employs neural network (NN) to forecast the clearing price of the bidding through spinning reserve ratio and temperature data. Subsequently, the load-reduction of customers is forecasted through NN and fuzzy logic system. Fuzzy system is adopted for forecasting of low voltage LV customer to simulate the uncertainties of load reduction considering different situations during demand response (DR). In order to improve the forecasting accuracy when realistic data of DR is available, another procedure of correcting the customers’ model for forecasting is proposed. Afterwards, the feasible contract capacity of load-reduction signed with Taiwan Power Company (TPC) is determined through an optimization algorithm. To actually assess the benefit, the real load data from Taiwan and Texas are used in the simulation.
An An Approach to the Modeling of Decentralized Integrated Energy Systems with Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: V. Nikolai , S. Valery , Z. Bin , B. Evgeny , K. Dmitriy
Published: November 2024

Abstract New conditions for the development of energy systems, the growing consumer involvement in energy demand management, the expansion of energy supply services, the adoption of highly efcient technologies for energy production, transportation, and distribution both for largescale systems and smallscale distributed generation, whose share is increasing, on the one hand, have already built a certain level of mutual integration of various systems, and, on the other hand, facilitate their even greater integration at the level of control of their expansion and operation. The paper presents an approach based on the longterm meteorological observation data. A chronological method for the calculation of operating conditions of integrated energy systems is presented.
System inertia as a barrier that holds back the acceleration of the energy sector development
Authors: K. Yuri , K. Dmitry
Published: November 2024

This study is focused on the qualitative assessment of the barriers that hinder the acceleration of energy systems development. System inertia is one of the above barriers and as such, it is of tantamount importance. It is brought about by high capital intensity and material intensity of the electric power industry and the fuel industry as well as by the close direct and indirect production links they maintain with the machine industry, the iron and steel industry, and other industries that serve as their suppliers. We propose a system of performance indicators to characterize the property of inertia and the techniques for their estimation. The study reveals a nonlinear dependence of inertia on the acceleration rates of energy development. Furthermore, we elucidate the impact of imports from the industries related to the energy sector on its system inertia.
Accidents prevention in power supply systems with distributed generation plants
Authors: B. Yuri , K. Andrey
Published: November 2024

The paper is concerned with the study aimed at the development of methods for emergency control in power systems with distributed generation plants. The control actions enabling the state parameters to meet stability constraints were generated by changing the vector of controlled parameters along a preset path corresponding to the shortest distance from a point of the initial state to a limiting hypersurface. In this case, limit loads equations of the power system were used. The quality of dynamic processes during control actions was ensured by harmonized tuning of the automatic voltage regulator (AVR) and automatic speed regulator (ASR) of distributed synchronous generators. Computeraided modeling was used to demonstrate that the postemergency operating conditions meeting stability constraints can be calculated using limit load equations while using the starting algorithm that enables the values of operating parameters to reach the nearest boundary of the feasibility (stability) region. Modeling of the power system in MATLAB environment demonstrates that the fuzzy algorithms used to control AVR and ASR settings considerably enhance the quality of transient processes of voltage, frequency, and power when the power of distributed generators in postemergency conditions is reduced.
Study On Multi-Component Flows In GasTransmission Systems(Flow And Measurement Processing Models)
Authors: N. Kislenko , A. Kazak , M. Sukharev , E. Fomina
Published: November 2024

The focus of the study is on multicomponent natural gas flows through gas transmission systems (GTSs). The key objective is to determine the natural gas composition in each GTS branch. The initial data for calculation include measured natural gas components for all GTS metering points. The obtained measurements are considered to be random values due to instrument errors. Heat (calorific) value can be considered instead of natural gas components. A mathematical model has been developed for the calculation of natural gas composition for each pipeline. The gas composition changes at the joint points of the system. The model takes into account the irreversibility and non-equilibrium properties of mixing processes. The model is based on the well-known method of mathematical statistics, which is also known as the maximum likelihood method. It allows converting the problem to the quadratic programming problem with equality and inequality constraints. The equality constraints are the mass conservation equations for each fluid component, and inequality constraints are the relations demonstrating the incompleteness of components mixing at the joint points. A calculation example is presented to illustrate both the recommended calculation method and the approximate algorithm based on heuristic considerations. The developed approaches and methods are used to support the decision-making of diverse technological problems related to variation in the natural gas composition by gas transportation direction.
Modeling the Development Prospects of the Coal Industry of Russia and its Regions
Authors: A. Sokolov , L. Takaishvili
Published: November 2024

The paper is concerned with the approach to modeling the development prospects of the Russian coal industry. A brief overview of the simulation modeling experience is given. A profile of the Russian coal industry and its specific features are given as an object of research. A research workflow is provided. The hierarchy of levels of studying the Russian coal industry and the system of models corresponding to these levels are shown. The system of models is represented by optimization and simulation models corresponding to various hierarchical levels (Russia as a whole, federal districts, federal subjects, and companies). Separate optimization models have been developed to make projections of the development of production, consumption, and supply of steam and coking coal. Consumer costs of coal purchase and transportation are minimized provided that a given demand for coal and other constraints are met. The simulation models are of four types, corresponding to different levels of hierarchy and aspects of consideration. An aggregated diagram of the relationships between the models is studied. We detail the most frequently used types of models that either represent the last option for certain studies or are typical of a given category. To fit each study, either previously developed models were adjusted or new ones were developed. References to the studies carried out using the tools covered in this paper are provided.
ОСНОВНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ОТЧЕТНОСТИ В СООТВЕТСТВИИ С МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫМИ СТАНДАРТАМИ ФИНАНСОВОЙ ОТЧЕТНОСТИ
Authors: И.В. Измалкова , Н.С. Морозова
Published: November 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются основные аспекты трансформации национальной отчетности в соответствии с международными стандартами финансовой отчетности. В современных условиях важным составляющим для привлечения инвестиций на российские предприятия является переход на международные стандарты финансовой отчетности (МСФО), так как в период преодоления последствий экономического кризиса российские предприятия испытывают острую потребность в инвестиционных ресурсах. Однако инвесторы предъявляют повышенные требования об объекте инвестиций, а именно о российских коммерческих предприятиях. Доверием инвесторов и кредиторов пользуется отчетность, подготовленная в формате МСФО. Поэтому появляется острая потребность в совершенствовании практики применения МСФО как инструмента для международного обмена финансовой информацией. Стоит заметить, что предприятия, которые составляют отчетность в формате МСФО, являются более конкурентоспособными на международном рынке.
ОБЗОР МЕТОДИК ОЦЕНКИ АДАПТАЦИИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ РЕГИОНА В УСЛОВИЯХ ПЕРЕХОДА К ДИНАМИЧНОМУ РАЗВИТИЮ
Authors: С.В. Сятчихин
Published: November 2024

Адаптация населения к изменениям условий внешней среды приводит к формированию различных моделей поведения населения, что может различным образом сказываться на развитии как регионов, так и домохозяйств. Научная значимость исследования обусловлена необходимостью разработки методики оценки адаптации населения региона в условиях перехода к динамичному развитию. Целью настоящего исследования является обзор методик оценки адаптации населения региона в условиях перехода к динамичному развитию. В качестве объекта исследования выступает население, а предметом исследования – методическое обеспечение оценки адаптации населения региона в условиях перехода к динамичному развитию. Информационной базой исследования стали научные публикации, касающиеся методических инструментариев оценки адаптации населения с точки зрения анализа сознания с позиции культурных ценностей, социального самочувствия и безопасности жизни; анализа экономических, демографических, трудовых, природно-экологических и информационных процессов; анализа финансового, сберегательного и потребительского поведения; анализа образовательного, профессионального, информационного, социального и культурного капиталов. В процессе исследования использовались методы группировки, сравнительно-аналитического и системного анализа, а также графического моделирования. Результаты проведенного исследования свидетельствуют о том, что процесс оценки адаптации населения носит многоаспектный характер не только с точки зрения выбора объекта оценки, но и необходимости учета региональных особенностей. Существующий методический инструментарий оценки не учитывает комплексный характер адаптации населения, но и региональные особенности, что обусловливает необходимость проведения дополнительных научных исследований. По итогам анализа методик и подходов к оценке адаптации населения сделан вывод о потребности в комплексном анализе адаптации населения региона в условиях перехода к динамичному развитию в разрезе регионов в целом и домохозяйств в частности. Эта проблема обусловливает потребность в разработке соответствующего методического инструментария оценки адаптации населения региона в условиях перехода к динамичному развитию.
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ
Authors: С.А. Доронина , О.Ю. Абашева , О.И. Рыжкова , Е.А. Конина
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматриваются возможности целенаправленного воздействия на все фрагменты цепи поставок для продвижения товарных потоков от продуцента к конечному потребителю. Определены актуальные задачи развития и рассмотрены различные варианты внедрения программного обеспечения логистической деятельности организации. Необходимо организовать деятельность так, чтобы все процессы в совокупности приводили к минимизации складских издержек. Резервы снижения затрат  могут находиться в области оптимизации расходов, непосредственно не связанных с обслуживанием клиентов. Для определения способа автоматизации были  проанализированы несколько возможных вариантов и определена их экономическая целесообразность. Первый вариант внедрение системы управления складом на основе «Логистической информационной системы БИТ». Второй вариант доработка существующей учетной программы «1С УПП» под требования организации. Третий вариант внедрение системы управления складом на основе программного продукта «1C: WMS Логистика. Управление складом 4.Предложение». Обоснована перспективная система  логистического управления в организации  на основе оптимизации процессов принятия и реализации управленческих решений, направленных на повышение эффективности деятельности складского хозяйства предприятия.

The article considers the possibilities of purposeful influence on all parts of the supply chain to promote commodity flows from the producer to the final consumer. The current development tasks are identified and various options for implementing software for the organization’s logistics activities are considered. It is necessary to organize the activities so that all the processes together lead to the minimization of warehouse costs. Cost reduction reserves may be located in the area of cost optimization that is not directly related to customer service. To determine the method of automation, several possible options were analyzed and their economic feasibility was determined. The first option is the introduction of a warehouse management system based on the “Logistics Information System BIT”. The second option is to modify the existing accounting program “1C SCP” to meet the requirements of the organization. The third option is the implementation of a warehouse management system based on the software product “ 1C: WMS Logistics. Warehouse management 4.Offer”. The article substantiates a promising system of logistics management in the organization based on the optimization of the processes of making and implementing management decisions aimed at improving the efficiency of the warehouse management of the enterprise.
АНАЛИЗ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО СУБЪЕКТА
Authors: И.А. Будылина , О.И. Аверина
Published: November 2024

Рассматриваются подходы к анализу устойчивого развития экономического субъекта и делается вывод о том, что оценка степени устойчивого развития может быть дана только при использовании комплексных методик экономического анализа, включающих как количественный, так и качественный анализ экономических, социальных и экологических показателей. Предложен алгоритм формирования интегрального показателя оценки устойчивого развития для конкретного АО. Применение интегрального показателя позволяет управленческому персоналу оперативно выявлять существующие проблемы, оказывающие негативное влияние на финансовую, социальную и экологическую устойчивость предприятия по отдельности и комплексно, и принять соответствующие меры по их решению.
ОНТОЛОГИЯ ПОНЯТИЯ «СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ БИЗНЕСА»
Authors: И.С. Трапезникова
Published: November 2024

Аннотация. В западной науке концепция социальной ответственности бизнеса начала формироваться в 1950-х гг., когда Хоуард Р. Боуэн сформулировал ряд положений, определивших рамки и направления дискуссий по проблемам социальной ответственности компаний. С тех пор понятие социально ответственного поведения бизнес-субъектов претерпело достаточное количество научных интерпретаций, однако, до сих пор, исчерпывающая характеристика понятия социальной ответственности бизнеса и её структурных элементов отсутствует. Речь идёт в основном о попытках очертить общие границы, направления и тенденции развития изучаемого явления. В настоящей статье, на основе систематизации знаний и обобщении теоретических обоснований различных авторов, уточнено понятие «социальной ответственности бизнеса» с учетом современных требований устойчивого социально-экономического развития территорий. В отличие от существующих подходов к определению данной дефиниции акцентировано внимание  на достижении целей устойчивого развития территорий присутствия и разделении бремени финансирования социальной политики в зависимости от совокупного размера ущерба наносимого производственной деятельностью бизнеса.
О СОПРЯЖЕННОСТИ НОРМАТИВНЫХ ПРАВОВЫХ ДОКУМЕНТОВ, РЕГЛАМЕНТИРУЮЩИХ ПРЕДОСТАВЛЕНИЕ СУБСИДИЙ ЮРИДИЧЕСКИМ ЛИЦАМ
Authors: С.В. Фрумина
Published: November 2024

Аннотация Определяется согласованность документов стратегического планирования и ведомственных документов, регламентирующих предоставление субсидий юридическим лицам. Рассматриваются вопросы координации и соподчиненности документов, выявляются отдельные неточности в формулировках результатов предоставления субсидий. Вносится предложение по уточнению содержания государственных программ в целях достижения гармонизации нормативных правовых документов, в рамках которых осуществляется расходование бюджетных средств.
ИПОТЕЧНОЕ КРЕДИТОВАНИЕ В РОССИИ: ИСТОРИЯ И СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ РЕАЛИИ
Authors: О.А. Степанова , Е.Е. Уварова
Published: November 2024

Ипотека представляет собой важную и сложную категорию экономической науки, для которой характерны определенный вид общественных, экономических отношений, связанных с движением ссудного капитала и гарантией возвратности кредитных средств. Помимо этого ипотека является своеобразным инструментом, непосредственно смыкающимся с конкретными нормами и положениями гражданского, земельного, семейного и жилищного права, в частности, по вопросам залога как способа обеспечений кредитных обязательств. Современное представление о кредитовании под залог недвижимого имущества появилось не сразу. Возникновение и дальнейшее развитие ипотечного кредитования связано с экономическими потребностями граждан и развитием товарно-денежных отношений. Сегодня ипотека – это ключевой драйвер роста, как розничного кредитования, так и развития жилья и строительства в России. Большое внимание и поддержка ипотечному кредитованию оказывается со стороны государства.

Mortgage is an important and complex category of economic science, which is characterized by a certain type of social and economic relations associated with the movement of loan capital and the guarantee of repayment of credit funds. In addition, the mortgage is a kind of tool that directly connects with the specific rules and regulations of civil, land, family and housing law, in particular, on the issues of collateral as a method of securing credit obligations. The modern idea of lending secured by real estate did not appear immediately. The emergence and further development of mortgage lending is associated with the economic needs of citizens and the development of commodity-money relations. Today, mortgages are a key driver of growth, both in retail lending and in the development of housing and construction in Russia. Much attention and support for mortgage lending is provided by the state.
A Fully Light-Driven Approach to Separate Carbon Dioxide from Emission Streams
Authors: Ahmad Bayu , Colley Kiser , Musser Andrew , Milner Phillip
Published: November 2024

Carbon capture from industrial point sources is an essential component of the global effort to mitigate climate risks. However, traditional approaches require significant energy input—often provided, counterproductively, by fossil fuel combustion. Using sunlight directly as the energy source would significantly improve the energy efficiency of carbon capture processes. Herein, we report the first fully visible light-driven CO2 separation system, in which carbon capture is achieved via the photoenolization/cycloaddition reaction of inexpensive 2-methylbenzophenone with CO2, and CO2 release is realized through an intramolecular photodecarboxylation reaction. This system operates isothermally, works with natural sunlight, and facilitates CO2 removal from natural gas flue emissions, providing a blueprint for other non-thermal chemical separations.
Assessing the Performance of Emerging and Existing Continuous Monitoring Solutions under a Single-blind Controlled Testing Protocol
Authors: Cheptonui Fancy , Emerson Ethan , Ilonze Chiemezie , Day Rachel , Levin Ezra , Fleischmann Daniel , Brouwer Ryan , Zimmerle Daniel
Published: November 2024

Continuous Monitoring (CM) solutions have been identified as one method to address methane emissions at oil and gas (O&G) facilities, as these solutions may facilitate faster emission detection and repair than traditional survey methods. This study tested 13 CM solutions over 12 weeks using single-blind controlled testing. Controlled release rates ranged from 0.08 to 6.75 kg CH4/hr and lasted 18 minutes to 8 hours. Six solutions demonstrated 90% detection limits (DLs) within the range of controlled releases, 0.5 [0.3, 0.6] kg CH4/hr to 6.8 [5.9, 8.0] kg CH4/hr. Of the six solutions, 4 had False Positive (FP) rates of 7.8-14%, and four had False Negative rates (FN) of 8-34.1%. Compared with Ilonze et al., these results show retested solutions balancing method sensitivity and FP and FN rates. All scanning/imaging solutions had high localization (≥ 40%) precision and accuracy to the equipment unit. Eleven of 13 solutions were tested for quantification; three had a mean relative quantification error ranging from 33.4 [0.85, 66.0] % to 96.1 [63.4, 128.9] %, 95% CI for leaks between 0.1 – 1 kg CH4/hr. For larger emissions (> 1 kg CH4/hr), nine solutions had a mean relative quantification error ranging from 2.8 [-20.3, 25.9] % to 32.8 [17.2, 48.5] %, 95% CI. Relative to previous studies, uncertainties in quantification estimates decreased, as did FN and FP rates, with improved detection limits for 2 of the four retested solutions. These findings highlight that continuous, rigorous testing enhances solution performance, with notable improvements observed across multiple test programs using the same test protocol.
APPLICATION OF AN OPEN MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM-ORIENTED PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODEL IN INFLUENCING PROBLEM-SOLVING ABILITY AND MATHEMATICAL DISPOSITION
Authors: Laksmiyeny Desak Ayu Ike , Sariyasa Sariyasa , Ardana I Made
Published: November 2024

The improvement in students’ problem-solving ability and mathematical disposition is a highlight, especially in geometry transformation materials. This is because the learning model still uses conventional methods that emphasize students following and waiting for the direction of the teacher. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of problem-based learning models oriented toward open mathematical problems on the problem-solving ability and mathematical disposition of students in SMA Negeri 1 Susut. A pseudoexperimental study with a posttest-only control group design was conducted by comparing the provision of PBL and conventional learning models. The instruments used are tests and questionnaires. There are 5 items and 25 statements that meet the criteria of very high reliability. Data collection techniques in this study used test and questionnaire methods. The sample consisted of 60 students, 30 each as a control and an experiment. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using MANOVA (p0.05). The results indicate that the application of PBL models oriented towards open mathematical problems is significantly more effective than conventional learning models in improving students' problem-solving abilities and mathematical dispositions both partially and simultaneously. The application of this learning model has led to an increase in perseverance, interest, and curiosity, which are essential for problem-solving with teachers as facilitators
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL MATEMATIKA BERBASIS NILAI KEISLAMAN DAN SITUATION BASED LEARNING
Authors: Yunian Putra Rizki Wahyu , Nur Azmi Nazwa Nuzul , Ambarwati Riyama , Leni Nurhasanah , Fadila Abi , Dewi Novian Riskiana
Published: November 2024

Teknologi digital telah membawa perubahan pada dunia pendidikan, e-modul merupakan salah satu jenis teknologi yang digunakan dalam pendidikan. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah guna mengatasi masalah pemahaman peserta didik pada pelajaran matematika dengan membuat e-modul matematika berbasis nilai keislaman dan situation based learning pada materi koordinat kartesius. Subjek penelitian pengembang adalalah peserta didik kelas VIII MTs Al Hikmah Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Research and Development, model ADDIE ialah model pengembangan yang diterapkan. Metode yang diterapkan untuk mendapatkan data ialah wawancara, tes, angket validasi, dan angket kemenarikan. Hasil uji kelayakan validator ahli materi senilai 3,62, ahli media senilai 3,48, dan ahli agama senilai 3,58. Pada tes kelompok kecil respon peserta didik senilai 3,53 dan pada tes kelompok besar senilai 3,44 dengan kriteria sangat menarik. Hasil uji efektivitas memperoleh skor effect size senilai 0,67 dengan kategori sedang. Maka dapat dinyatakan e-modul matematika berbasis nilai keislaman dan situation based learning layak, sangat menarik, dan cukup efektif diterapkan ketika pembelajaran.
COMPARING THE PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE ALGERIAN ECONOMY DURING THE PERIOD 1974-2021
Authors: Mohamed Abdelbaki , Abdelaziz Chikhaoui
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate to assess and measure economic performance in the field of agriculture, through both the public and private sectors, and to determine the agricultural sector’s contribution to the Algerian economy,
 
Theoretical Framework: The importance of the agricultural sector in achieving food security and economic diversification by encouraging growth in renewable resource sectors such as agriculture.
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises Conducting a statistical analysis of a set of economic variables related to the agricultural sector to understand the importance of this sector and its performance during the period from 1974 to 2021.
 
Results and Discussion: - There are significant differences in favor of the private sector in all study variables, indicating a shift from public sector dominance to private sector dominance. - The public sector dominated from independence until 1990, after which the private sector emerged and participated alongside the public sector in all economic activities in Algeria.
 
Research Implications: The agricultural sector in Algeria helps to diversify the economy and gradually reduce dependence on the unstable hydrocarbon sector by relying on sectors with renewable resources.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by Understanding the importance of the agricultural sector through its provision of food security, its contribution to the Algerian economy, and its role in reducing the import bill. All of this contributes to minimizing economic fluctuations that may affect Algeria, which is a goal pursued through economic diversification by encouraging both the public and private sectors in agriculture.
A Prognostic Nomogram Based on Log Odds of Positive Lymph Nodes for Patients with Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Xu Jinsheng , Xu Yujie
Published: November 2024

Objective: To explore the prognostic value of log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEPNET) and to develop nomograms based on LODDS for predicting 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Methods: This retrospective cohort study was based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. Demographic data, clinical data, and survival status were extracted, with endpoints of OS and CSS. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis assessed predictors associated with OS and CSS, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) evaluated. Nomogram performance was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). Results: A total of 1,673 patients were included and divided into a training set (n = 1,172) and a testing set (n = 501). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses identified LODDS as an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.44–2.24) and CSS (HR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.41–2.31). The OS and CSS nomograms, developed from multivariate Cox regression analyses, showed good performance, with AUCs of 0.858, 0.878, and 0.852 for predicting 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS, and AUCs of 0.859, 0.887, and 0.865 for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year CSS in the testing set. The nomograms are accessible online (OS: https://zhmte.shinyapps.io/DynNomapp/; CSS: https://zhmty.shinyapps.io/DynNomapp/). Conclusions: LODDS serves as an independent prognostic factor in GEPNET. Online nomograms based on LODDS demonstrated effective performance in predicting OS and CSS in GEPNET patients, providing a convenient tool for clinical application.
Rosk digestion rocks using the ammonium sulfate and ammonium bifluoride mixture for element analysis
Authors: Krisenko Galina F. , Zarubina Natalia V. , Dmitrieva Elena E. , Blokhin Maxim G. , Molchanov Vladimir P. , Medkov Mikhail A.
Published: November 2024

The new sample preparation method of rock samples for elemental analysis using emission spectral analysis (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectral analysis (ICP-MS) is proposed. International standard samples of rock composition GM (granite), JA-2 (andesite), BHVO-1 (basalt) and JR-1 (rhyolite) were the material for the study. The major elements detection in terms of oxides TiO2, Al2O3, MnO, CaO, MgO, Fe2O3, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, was carried out by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The ICP-MS method was used to determine the trace element composition of the studied samples: Li, Be, Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cd, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Th, U. The rocks interaction with the bifluoride and ammonium sulfate mixture at heating up to 350°C for 2 h was applied for complete decomposition of minerals. It was found that at the process all components of the investigated samples are completely dissolved in 13% nitric acid. The elemental analysis for micro- and macro-components of the solutions has shown good agreement with the certified characteristics, which indicates the completeness of the rock components transition into solution. The interaction mechanism of rock minerals with ammonium bifluoride and ammonium sulfate was investigated. It has been established that the combination of fluorination and sulfation stages allows for the effective decomposition of silicate rocks. This is achieved by breaking Si–O bonds with NH4HF2 with the formation of simple and complex fluorides and converting insoluble fluorides of the raw material elements into more soluble sulfates with (NH4)2SO4. It was shown that in the sample preparation process silicon being the main rocks component is sublimated in the form of (NH4)2SiF6 as a result of which a significant mass reduction of dissolved salts was achieved. The advantage of the proposed method, for example, compared to acid decomposition, is its rapidity and completeness of opening due to the reduction in the number of stages in the process of decomposition of rocks.
Application of mathematical statistics methods in assessing the reliability of forensic testing methods
Authors: Bebeshko Galina I. , Novoseletsky Igor N. , Omel’yanyuk Georgii G. , Usov Aleksandr I. , Fedotov Sergey V.
Published: November 2024

Quantitative assessment of reliability of forensic testing methods (FTM) is not given sufficient attention. In this paper, we use the metrological parameter of validation — «reliability», which is understood as the reproducibility of test results, with multiple repetitions of tests for samples with known characteristics/properties under varying conditions: different operators, use of different equipment, different time. The quantitative characteristic of FTM reliability is the level of false positive and false negative results in the total number of tests. The specificity of control samples for the experiment and the need to take into account the variability of features in them are emphasized, the use of samples with a distinct manifestation of controlled features for validation is recommended. Statistical assessment of test results consists in calculating the indicators (experimental probability) of errors according to the given formulas. Formulas for calculating various indicators related to truene positive and negative results are also given. A binary classification table is provided to present the results of the validation experiment. As an example, the correspondence of the indicators (experimental probabilities) to the true probabilities of events is given for the case of a comparative study of the situation with a pair of samples: «the same source of origin (coincidence)» and «different sources of origin (mismatch)». Formulas are given for the approximate calculation of the confidence limits for the binomial distribution, which most of the binary response methods considered in the work obey. A practical example of calculating the confidence interval in the validation of a specific SEMT method is considered. It is shown that, based on the experimentally established indicators of the correct results of «sensitivity» and «specificity» and in the presence of a priori data on the prevalence of samples by a set of controlled characteristics, using the Bayesian formula, it is possible to calculate the proportions of false positive/negative analytical signals (FPS and FNS). Low values of the FPS and FNS indicators indicate the correctness of testing or the correctness of the decision made and the suitability of the method for its intended purposes.
Monitoring of the composite materials destruction kinetics using acoustic-emission diagnostics
Authors: Matvienko Yury G. , Makhutov Nikolai A. , Vasiliev Igor E. , Chernov Dmitry V.
Published: November 2024

The structural-phenomenological concept (SPC) and model of the evolution of destruction of a composite material are considered, connecting its load-bearing capacity with the kinetics of redistribution of the weight content of micro, meso and macroscale damage during loading. By monitoring changes in the values of partial accumulation of damage in the structure of the material at different scale levels in the loading mode, and comparing them with threshold values, it is possible to control the actual state of the load-bearing capacity of the product. The correspondence between the surface of micro, meso, macro-destruction of structural bonds of a structural material and the energy parameters of the acoustic emission pulses recorded in this case, forming in the field of descriptors of relative energy (Ei) and maximum amplitude (um), clusters of the lower (L), middle (M), and upper (H) levels with boundaries: Ei < 85 dB, um < 55 dB; Ei = 85 – 115 dB, um = 55 – 80 dB; Ei > 115 dB, um > 80 dB. An algorithm and software (software) have been developed that controls the dynamics of the redistribution of parameters of partial activity (Ńi) and weight content (Wi) of location pulses in energy clusters characterizing the kinetics of micro-, meso- and macro-damage «in situ» of violation of the structural bonds of a product under loading mode. By comparing the current values of the most informative parameters WL and WM, with their threshold values [WL] and [WM], corresponding to the state of the product when the material is destroyed, we get the opportunity to control the actual level of the load-bearing capacity of the structure. The developed concept, algorithm and software were used to evaluate the load-bearing capacity of the panel mesh structure during compression tests under loading conditions.
Influence of low pressure hydrogen on the mechanism of destruction of steel in petrochemical equipment
Authors: Nechaeva Anna V. , Polyanskiy Vladimir A. , Shalagaev Vladimir V. , Yakovlev Yuriy A.
Published: November 2024

The article described studies of the consequences of hydrogen corrosion of the steel walls of a chemical reactor during operation. Service life is 100,000 h. The walls are made of steel 09G2S. They worked under external thermomechanical load at low pressure of a hydrogen-containing internal environment (0.05 MPa). A comparison was made of the data obtained during the study of samples cut from the walls of the reactor with the data obtained during testing of isolated, hydrogen-charged samples made of steel of the same grade. New data were obtained regarding the influence of hydrogen and external load on the mechanical properties, structural and chemical transformations of steels. The differences between operational hydrogen corrosion and the consequences of hydrogen charging and from numerous previously published results were the increase in the ductility of the metal after operational hydrogen degradation (it becomes higher than that of new samples made of steel of the same grade) and the formation of a brittle fracture of this metal at a sufficiently high the value of its impact strength. It was also discovered that with complete decarbonization of some microstructure elements during operation, observed under a microscope, the average carbon concentration does not change, carbon accumulates at the grain boundaries.

Nothing similar is observed in hydrogen-charged samples. Assumptions have been made about possible mechanisms, chemical reactions, the structure of the carbon formed in this process and its effect on the mechanical properties of the metal.
Study of plastic deformation heterogeneousity at the prefracture stage of copper-nickel alloy
Authors: Barannikova Svetlana A. , Kolosov Sergey V. , Iskhakova Polina V.
Published: November 2024

The most important regularity of plastic deformation process is its tendency to localize at all stages. Localization accompanies plastic deformation from beginning to end (until failure), taking on various regularly changing forms along the way. Localization of plastic flow can cause destruction of materials during technological processes associated with large plastic deformations. In this regard, it is necessary to clarify the laws governing the localization of plastic deformation throughout the entire length of the strain — stress curve from the yield strength to the strength limit. Knowledge of the patterns of localization of plastic flow will allow us to formulate a criterion for predicting the plasticity reserve of materials. The use of the speckle photography method has proven promising in studying the characteristics of plastic deformation of metals. The spatial resolution of this method corresponds to the level of optical microscopy with a significant advantage in the size of the field of view. This method makes it possible to obtain the values of the components of the plastic distortion tensor of the working surface of the sample with an interval of 30 sec (the maximum displacement of surface points is 100 μm) and, ultimately, to analyze the evolution of localization patterns, as well as to determine the kinetic parameters of moving localization foci, which is its main advantage. In this work, the kinetics of development of localized plastic deformation sites in the polycrystalline copper-nickel alloy Cu-40%Ni-1.5%Mn was studied using speckle photography. It was possible to find out that the forms of localization are completely determined by the laws of strain hardening of the material operating at the corresponding stage of the process. The localization of plastic flow in a copper-nickel alloy has an autowave character. At the same time, at the yield site, stages of linear and parabolic strain hardening, as well as at the pre-fracture stage, the observed localization patterns are different types of autowave processes. Analysis of the characteristics of such processes made it possible to measure their propagation speed and wavelength. In conclusion, a method for identifying the source of destruction to predict the ductility reserve of metals is proposed.
Genomic surveillance detects interregional spread of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1-producing Providencia stuartii in hospitals, Romania, December 2021 to September 2023
Authors: Linkevicius Marius , Witteveen Sandra , Buzea Mariana , Flonta Mirela , Indreas Marina , Nica Maria , Székely Edit , Tălăpan Daniela , Svartström Olov , Alm Erik , Palm Daniel , Monnet Dominique L , Hendrickx Antoni PA , Kohlenberg Anke , Popescu Gabriel Adrian
Published: November 2024

Background

New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM)-producing Providencia stuartii has been reported from European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries with increasing frequency. During 2018 to 2022, 355 cases of NDM-producing P. stuartii were detected in seven hospitals reporting on NDM-production in Enterobacterales in Romania.

Aim

Our aim was to determine the extent of spread of NDM-producing P. stuartii in hospitals in Romania.

Methods

We analysed whole genome sequences and epidemiological data of 74 P. stuartii isolates collected in six hospitals from December 2021 to September 2023.

Results

We identified four multi-hospital clusters including isolates detected over more than a year, indicating sustained spread of bla
NDM-1-carrying P. stuartii within the healthcare system. These clusters consisted of isolates from up to four hospitals and three regions. Three multi-hospital clusters were caused by a specific multidrug-resistant P. stuartii sequence type 46 lineage carrying bla
NDM-1 and a large set of additional resistance markers. Investigation in an international context showed that this lineage had already been detected in nine countries (Bulgaria, France, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, Romania, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States) since 2015.

Conclusion

Our results alert about the risk of carbapenem-resistant P. stuartii transmission in healthcare settings. Enhanced infection prevention and control measures should be instituted as soon as cases are detected in healthcare facilities. National surveillance systems in EU/EEA countries should, in addition to carbapenem-resistant and/or carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, consider reporting carbapenem-resistant and/or carbapenemase-producing P. stuartii and other Enterobacterales where relevant.