bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Media Information Credibility Based on User Perception and Cloud Computing System
Authors: Dai Zhen , Fei Hongxiao
Published: July 2022

While people enjoy the convenience brought by more and more technological developments, its importance is also more widely known. Big data and cloud computing are the two most typical representatives of many new information technologies, and their combination is also the general trend. But big data will also have privacy and security issues in cloud computing. Displayed security mechanisms and implicit security mechanisms are the two main directions for discussion, so that user privacy and security can be in the big data that it is well guaranteed when processing the calculations and storage. The rapid development of social media has been widely used, but it has also brought new social problems, such as the increasing difficulty of verifying the authenticity of information. This article will discuss the influence of the credibility of social media on the credibility of social media from the perspectives of the credibility of the communicator and the information media, the quality of the information, the reason for the transmission, and the form of expression. The influence on information credibility and information quality is the relationship between information credibility and other influencing factors when trust tendency and information involvement have become moderating variables.
Animation User Value Portrait Based on RFM Model under Big Data
Authors: Liu Qifang , Deng Wuying
Published: July 2022

The development and application of big data technology has expanded the sources and methods for enterprises in the animation industry to obtain data, which provided them with the opportunity to obtain more user samples and solved the computing and storage problems faced by enterprises with massive data. By using statistical analysis and data mining methods for modeling, the user portrait of each user is depicted in an all-round and three-dimensional manner. Based on this background, this study proposes the topic of user portrait modeling based on the Reference Forward Model (RFM) model under big data. In this study, the animation user portrait modeling based on the RFM model under big data is firstly summarized: collect and summarize the behavior data of animation client users, prepare the data, and use entropy and Pearson correlation coefficient methods for data processing. And, then the weight of RFM is calculated through AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), and the behavior data collection method for animation user portrait modeling is described. Finally, based on the model tag in the constructed user portrait tag system, the RFM model under big data is used to analyze and model from multiple dimensions. In particular, in the algorithm model of animation user recognition, the weight and value of RFM are calculated to obtain the user value, and the results of the animation user portrait are summarized. Experiments proved that based on RFM Model under Big Dat can identify animation users more accurately.
Quality of Reclaimed Domestic Water Irrigated Peppers-NPK Couple Model Based on Optimized Combination Technique
Authors: Yinghai Li , Juncang Tian
Published: July 2022

China has been utilizing wastewater to irrigate grain, cotton, and vegetable crops, as well as landscapes, for decades. Nowadays, about 1/3 of the reclaimed water is used for irrigation purposes in China. This study focuses on the coupling between the nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) content in the reclaimed domestic water irrigated peppers and capsaicin. A field experiment in the three-factor, five-level quadratic general revolving combination design was conducted for an in-depth analysis of the capsaicin content coupling model by testing the significance of the regression equation and coefficient of the regression equation. The test result shows that: (1) the factors affecting the content of capsaicin are in the following order: nitrogen fertilizer application level (x1) > phosphorus fertilizer application level (x2) > potassium fertilizer application level (x3). This arrangement is according to the effect analysis based on the established capsaicin-NPK coupling model. (2) The nitrogen-potassium interaction effectively improves the content of capsaicin. Theoretically, the content of capsaicin tends to be 0 g.kg−1 when both the nitrogen and potassium fertilizer application are at the lowest level, while the content of capsaicin increases with the increase of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer application. The nitrogen-potassium combination can achieve a high level of capsaicin content when both are taken on a medium scale, which can reach 0.068 g.kg−2 when the level of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers application reaches 120 g.kg−1 and 112.5 g.kg−1, respectively. Further, maximum capsaicin content of 0.21 g.kg−1 is achieved when the level of potassium and phosphorus fertilizer application reaches 120 kg.hm−2 and 60 kg.hm−2, respectively. (3) The range of the ideal target content of capsaicin in peppers irrigated with the reclaimed domestic water in China’s Ningxia Region and an optimized NPK-coupling model is developed. More specifically, based on the developed model the level of NPK fertilizers application would be 186.15 kg.hm−2, 71.17 kg.hm−2, and 122.02 kg.hm−2, respectively, under the condition that the content of capsaicin is greater and beyond 0.12 g.kg−1.
Mixed Response to Cancer Immunotherapy is Driven by Intratumor Heterogeneity and Differential Interlesion Immune Infiltration
Authors: Morinaga Takao , Inozume Takashi , Kawazu Masahito , Ueda Youki , Sax Nicolas , Yamashita Kazuo , Kawashima Shusuke , Nagasaki Joji , Ueno Toshihide , Lin Jason , Ohara Yuuki , Kuwata Takeshi , Yukami Hiroki , Kawazoe Akihito , Shitara Kohei , Honobe-Tabuchi Akiko , Ohnuma Takehiro , Kawamura Tatsuyoshi , Umeda Yoshiyasu , Kawahara Yu , Nakamura Yasuhiro , Kiniwa Yukiko , Morita Ayako , Ichihara Eiki , Kiura Katsuyuki , Enokida Tomohiro , Tahara Makoto , Hasegawa Yoshinori , Mano Hiroyuki , Suzuki Yutaka , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi , Togashi Yosuke
Published: July 2022

Some patients experience mixed response to immunotherapy, whose biological mechanisms and clinical impact have been obscure. We obtained two tumor samples from lymph node (LN) metastatic lesions in a same patient. Whole exome sequencing for the both tumors and single-cell sequencing for the both tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) demonstrated a significant difference in tumor clonality and TILs’ characteristics, especially exhausted T-cell clonotypes, although a close relationship between the tumor cell and T-cell clones were observed as a response of an overlapped exhausted T-cell clone to an overlapped neoantigen. To mimic the clinical setting, we generated a mouse model of several clones from a same tumor cell line. Similarly, differential tumor clones harbored distinct TILs, and one responded to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade but the other did not in this model. We further conducted cohort study (n = 503) treated with PD-1 blockade monotherapies to investigate the outcome of mixed response. Patients with mixed responses to PD-1 blockade had a poor prognosis in our cohort. Particularly, there were significant differences in both tumor and T-cell clones between the primary and LN lesions in a patient who experienced tumor response to anti–PD-1 mAb followed by disease progression in only LN metastasis. Our results underscore that intertumoral heterogeneity alters characteristics of TILs even in the same patient, leading to mixed response to immunotherapy and significant difference in the outcome.

Significance:

Several patients experience mixed responses to immunotherapies, but the biological mechanisms and clinical significance remain unclear. Our results from clinical and mouse studies underscore that intertumoral heterogeneity alters characteristics of TILs even in the same patient, leading to mixed response to immunotherapy and significant difference in the outcome.
Dietary Nonstarch Polysaccharide Intake and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Findings from the Singapore Chinese Health Study
Authors: Yu Yi-Chuan , Paragomi Pedram , Jin Aizhen , Wang Renwei , Schoen Robert E. , Koh Woon-Puay , Yuan Jian-Min , Luu Hung N.
Published: July 2022

Dietary fiber or nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP) may provide protection from colorectal cancer development. Epidemiologic studies on the association between dietary fiber and colorectal cancer is inconsistent are limited on NSP as a modifiable risk factor. Using the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a population-based prospective cohort of 61,321 cancer-free middle-aged or older Chinese Singaporeans, we examined the association between dietary fiber and NSP intakes and colorectal cancer risk. Fiber and NSP intakes at baseline were obtained using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire coupled with the Singapore Food Composition Database. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate the HRs and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) for colorectal cancer associated with dietary fiber and NSP intakes after adjusting for potential confounders. After an average of 17.5 years of follow-up, 2,140 participants developed colorectal cancer. NSP was inversely associated with the risk of colorectal cancer in a dose-dependent manner, whereas dietary fiber was not associated with risk of colorectal cancer overall or histologic subtypes. The multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of colorectal cancer for quartiles 2, 3, and 4 of dietary NSP intake were 0.99 (0.88–1.11), 0.98 (0.87–1.11), and 0.84 (0.73–0.95), respectively, compared with the lowest quartile (Ptrend = 0.006). This inverse association was more apparent for colon cancer (HRQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.67–0.93, Ptrend = 0.003) than rectal cancer (HR Q4 vs. Q1 = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.74–1.13, Ptrend = 0.53). Our findings suggested that dietary NSP but not fiber is associated with a reduced risk of colon cancer in Chinese Singaporeans.

Significance:

NSPs may be beneficial for colorectal cancer primary prevention.
Real Life Study of Lenvatinib Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: RELEVANT Study
Authors: Casadei-Gardini Andrea , Rimini Margherita , Kudo Masatoshi , Shimose Shigeo , Tada Toshifumi , Suda Goki , Goh Myung Ji , Jefremow Andre , Scartozzi Mario , Cabibbo Giuseppe , Campani Claudia , Tamburini Emiliano , Tovoli Francesco , Ueshima Kazuomi , Aoki Tomoko , Iwamoto Hideki , Torimura Takuji , Kumada Takashi , Hiraoka Atsushi , Atsukawa Masanori , Itobayashi Ei , Toyoda Hidenori , Sakamoto Naoya , Sho Takuya , Kang Wonseok , Siebler Jürgen , Neurath Markus Friedrich , Burgio Valentina , Cascinu Stefano
Published: July 2022

Introduction: In the REFLECT trial, lenvatinib was found to be noninferior compared to sorafenib in terms of overall survival. Here, we analyze the effects of lenvatinib in the real-life experience of several centers across the world and identify clinical factors that could be significantly associated with survival outcomes. Methods: The study population was derived from retrospectively collected data of HCC patients treated with lenvatinib. The overall cohort included western and eastern populations from 23 center in five countries. Results: We included 1,325 patients with HCC and treated with lenvatinib in our analysis. Median OS was 16.1 months. Overall response rate was 38.5%. Multivariate analysis for OS highlighted that HBsAg positive, NLR >3, and AST >38 were independently associated with poor prognosis in all models. Conversely, NAFLD/NASH-related etiology was independently associated with good prognosis. Median progression-free survival was 6.3 months. Multivariate analysis for progression-free survival revealed that NAFLD/NASH, BCLC, NLR, and AST were independent prognostic factors for progression-free survival. A proportion of 75.2% of patients suffered from at least one adverse effect during the study period. Multivariate analysis exhibited the appearance of decreased appetite grade ≥2 versus grade 0–1 as an independent prognostic factor for worse progression-free survival. 924 patients of 1,325 progressed during lenvatinib (69.7%), and 827 of them had a follow-up over 2 months from the beginning of second-line treatment. From first-line therapy, the longest median OS was obtained with the sequence lenvatinib and immunotherapy (47.0 months), followed by TACE (24.7 months), ramucirumab (21.2 months), sorafenib (15.7 months), regorafenib (12.7 months), and best supportive care (10.8 months). Conclusions: Our study confirms in a large and global population of patients with advanced HCC, not candidates for locoregional treatment the OS reported in the registration study and a high response rate with lenvatinib.
Management of Chronic Sialadenitis due to Sjogren’s Syndrome and Radioactive Iodine Therapy Using Sialendoscopy
Authors: Douglas Jennifer E. , Wen Christopher Z. , Thomas W. Walsh , Elrakhawy Mohamed , Rassekh Christopher H.
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Sialendoscopy is a minimally invasive technique for the management of salivary gland disease. This work characterizes its utility for treating chronic sialadenitis due to Sjogren’s syndrome and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. Methods: A single-center, retrospective review of patients undergoing sialendoscopy between March 2013 and May 2019 for the treatment of chronic sialadenitis due to Sjogren’s or prior RAI therapy was performed. Results: Thirty-four patients with Sjogren’s and 25 patients who received RAI were identified, undergoing a total of 86 procedures. Median age at presentation was 53 years with mean follow-up time of 14.3 months. Seventy-two procedures were performed on the parotid gland, four on the submandibular gland, and ten on both glands. Corticosteroid injection and duct dilation were performed most commonly. Sixteen patients required repeat procedure. All patients were symptomatically improved at follow-up visit. Discussion/Conclusion: These results support the idea that sialendoscopy offers symptomatic benefit for patients with chronic sialadenitis due to Sjogren’s or RAI.
Investigating Health Managers’ Perspectives of Factors Influencing Their Acceptance of eHealth Services in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Alshahrani Abdullah , Williams Hector , MacLure Katie
Published: July 2022

Background: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is a country with one of the largest land masses and the most difficult geographical terrain in the Middle East. The accessibility of advanced health services, especially for people in rural areas, has been considered one of the main health challenges. To overcome this problem, many initiatives to embrace technology in healthcare were launched by the Ministry of Health (MOH). Despite the growth of utilizing eHealth interventions in the country, more research related to the end-users’ acceptance of eHealth services remains needed. This study aimed to investigate the relative importance of factors that influence health managers’ acceptance of eHealth services in KSA against behavioural intention (BI) and use behaviour (UB). Methods: An online questionnaire was designed based on two sources: first, the thirty-nine factors identified in a related systematic review to be relevant to eHealth acceptance in KSA, and second, the validated questionnaire adopted from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. Participants were asked to rate the relative importance of the factors. The questionnaire was available in both Arabic and English. Professionals in KSA with a health management role from different backgrounds such as health professions, Health Information Technology, and administration were invited to take part. Participation links were distributed across social media platforms. Ethical approval had been gained. Results: 385 responses were received. Findings highlighted the relative importance of the main determinants that health managers in the KSA thought were important to influence their acceptance of eHealth services. The top rated influential factors were (i) availability of operational resources, (ii) privacy and security of health information, (iii) Information and Communication Technology infrastructure and readiness, (iv) availability of qualified human resources, and (v) quality of eHealth systems and applications. Of the UTAUT constructs, performance expectancy (PE) and social influence, which encapsulate factors such as management support, change resistance, and stakeholders’ voice that can play a crucial role in the acceptance of technology as part of daily work, showed significance to the BI, as well as facilitating conditions and PE to the UB. However, some results need further investigation to clarify ambiguity. Conclusion: Findings from this study may help address the current challenges and barriers and prioritize the main areas to improve eHealth acceptance in the KSA. Further research is planned to explore the identified factors across KSA through in-depth interviews.
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Janus Kinase Inhibitors and Secukinumab in Patients with Active Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lee Young Ho
Published: July 2022

Background: Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors and secukinumab have been demonstrated to be effective treatments for ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, there have been no head-to-head trials comparing the effectiveness and safety characteristics of JAK inhibitors with secukinumab. This study aimed to evaluate the relative effectiveness and safety of JAK inhibitors and secukinumab in patients with active AS. Summary: A Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted using direct and indirect data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib 5 mg, upadacitinib 15 mg, filgotinib 200 mg, and secukinumab 150 mg in patients with active AS who had a poor response or intolerance to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and were tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor-naïve. Data from six RCTs comprising 937 patients were analyzed. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society 20 (ASAS20) response rates were significantly higher in the JAK inhibitors and secukinumab groups than in the placebo group. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA)-based ranking probability based on the ASAS20 response rate suggested that tofacitinib 5 mg had the highest likelihood of being the best treatment for achieving the ASAS20 response rate, followed by filgotinib 200 mg, upadacitinib 15 mg, secukinumab 150 mg, and placebo. The SUCRA-based ranking probability based on the ASAS20 response rate suggested that tofacitinib 5 mg had the highest likelihood of being the best treatment for achieving the ASAS40 response rate, followed by upadacitinib 15 mg, secukinumab 150 mg, filgotinib 200 mg, and placebo. Key Messages: Tofacitinib 5 mg was the most effective treatment for AS, whereas JAK inhibitors and secukinumab 150 mg were effective treatments in patients with active AS who had a poor response or intolerance to NSAIDs and were TNF inhibitor-naïve.
Prolonged Myocardial Regenerative Capacity in Neonatal Opossum
Authors: Nishiyama Chihiro , Saito Yuichi , Sakaguchi Akane , Kaneko Mari , Kiyonari Hiroshi , Xu Yuqing , Arima Yuichiro , Uosaki Hideki , Kimura Wataru
Published: July 2022

Background:

Early neonates of both large and small mammals are able to regenerate the myocardium through cardiomyocyte proliferation for only a short period after birth. This myocardial regenerative capacity declines in parallel with withdrawal of cardiomyocytes from the cell cycle in the first few postnatal days. No mammalian species examined to date has been found capable of a meaningful regenerative response to myocardial injury later than 1 week after birth.

Methods:

We examined cardiomyocyte proliferation in neonates of the marsupial opossum (
Monodelphis domestica
) by immunostaining at various times after birth. The regenerative capacity of the postnatal opossum myocardium was assessed after either apex resection or induction of myocardial infarction at postnatal day 14 or 29, whereas that of the postnatal mouse myocardium was assessed after myocardial infarction at postnatal day 7. Bioinformatics data analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and pharmacological and genetic intervention were applied to determine the role of AMPK (5′-AMP–activated protein kinase) signaling in regulation of the mammalian cardiomyocyte cell cycle.

Results:

Opossum neonates were found to manifest cardiomyocyte proliferation for at least 2 weeks after birth at a frequency similar to that apparent in early neonatal mice. Moreover, the opossum heart at postnatal day 14 showed substantial regenerative capacity both after apex resection and after myocardial infarction injury, whereas this capacity had diminished by postnatal day 29. Transcriptomic and immunofluorescence analyses indicated that AMPK signaling is activated in postnatal cardiomyocytes of both opossum and mouse. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of AMPK signaling was sufficient to extend the postnatal window of cardiomyocyte proliferation in both mouse and opossum neonates as well as of cardiac regeneration in neonatal mice.

Conclusions:

The marsupial opossum maintains cardiomyocyte proliferation and a capacity for myocardial regeneration for at least 2 weeks after birth. As far as we are aware, this is the longest postnatal duration of such a capacity among mammals examined to date. AMPK signaling was implicated as an evolutionarily conserved regulator of mammalian postnatal cardiomyocyte proliferation.
Frailty Status Modifies the Efficacy of Exercise Training Among Patients With Chronic Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction: An Analysis From the HF-ACTION Trial
Authors: Pandey Ambarish , Segar Matthew W. , Singh Sumitabh , Reeves Gordon R. , O’Connor Christopher , Piña Ileana , Whellan David , Kraus William E. , Mentz Robert J. , Kitzman Dalane W.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Supervised aerobic exercise training (ET) is recommended for stable outpatients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Frailty, a syndrome characterized by increased vulnerability and decreased physiologic reserve, is common in patients with HFrEF and associated with a higher risk of adverse outcomes. The effect modification of baseline frailty on the efficacy of aerobic ET in HFrEF is not known.

Methods:

Stable outpatients with HFrEF randomized to aerobic ET versus usual care in the HF-ACTION (Heart Failure: A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise Training) trial were included. Baseline frailty was estimated using the Rockwood frailty index (FI), a deficit accumulation–based model of frailty assessment; participants with FI scores >0.21 were identified as frail. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with multiplicative interaction terms (frailty × treatment arm) were constructed to evaluate whether frailty modified the treatment effect of aerobic ET on the primary composite end point (all-cause hospitalization or mortality), secondary end points (composite of cardiovascular death or cardiovascular hospitalization, and cardiovascular death or HF hospitalization), and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score. Separate models were constructed for continuous (FI) and categorical (frail versus not frail) measures of frailty.

Results:

Among 2130 study participants (age, 59±13 years; 28% women), 1266 (59%) were characterized as frail (FI>0.21). Baseline frailty burden significantly modified the treatment effect of aerobic ET (
P
interaction: FI × treatment arm=0.02; frail status [frail versus nonfrail] × treatment arm=0.04) with a lower risk of primary end point in frail (hazard ratio [HR], 0.83 [95% CI, 0.72–0.95]) but not nonfrail (HR, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.87–1.25]) participants. The favorable effect of aerobic ET among frail participants was driven by a significant reduction in the risk of all-cause hospitalization (HR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.72–0.99]). The treatment effect of aerobic ET on all-cause mortality and other secondary endpoints was not different between frail and nonfrail patients (
P
interaction>0.1 for each). Aerobic ET was associated with a nominally greater improvement in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire scores at 3 months among frail versus nonfrail participants without a significant treatment interaction by frailty status (
P
interaction>0.2).

Conclusions:

Among patients with chronic stable HFrEF, baseline frailty modified the treatment effect of aerobic ET with a greater reduction in the risk of all-cause hospitalization but not mortality.
The Difficulty of Being a Marxist in Philosophy
Authors: Mozzachiodi Roberto Marino
Published: July 2022

This article seeks to locate Louis Althusser’s late preoccupation with the status of Marxists in philosophy through a survey of archival and marginal texts written on and amid struggles within the French education system. This material evidences that Althusser held a long-term ambition to reconcile the demands of being a Marxist in his professional life with the demands of being a philosopher in his political life. On this basis, this article offers an expanded contextualisation of the stakes that weighed upon Althusser’s shifting understanding and inhabitation of a Marxist position in philosophy. It aims to show that Althusser’s involvement with, and changing attitudes towards, the educational institution (and in particular the teaching of philosophy) played a significant role in forging the discontinuities in his conceptualisation of Marxist philosophy. The article additionally traces the afterlife of this practice in the work of Jacques Derrida and the Groupe de recherches sur l’enseignement de a philosophe (GREPH).
Negotiating Information under Conditions of High Asymmetry: An Exploration into the Domain of Interrogation
Authors: Faure Guy Olivier
Published: July 2022

The interrogation situation is a particularly asymmetric type of negotiation where the interrogated persons are prisoners and/or terrorists, having nothing more to lose because they know that their fate is already sealed. This type of relationship strictly responds to the definition of what is a negotiation, a process involving two or more parties to achieve a transaction. The objective of this article is to highlight the logic and techniques available to interrogators so that they succeed in establishing a form of exchange allowing them to gather strategic information, in particular when the parties to the conflict are engaged in open warfare. Five types of methods are distinguished and their effectiveness assessed: emotionally focused interrogation, morally based interrogation, manipulation, hard questioning, and extended object interrogation. Cases and examples are provided as illustrations.
Fair Trial for Victims Invoking Civil Claims: Rereading Αrticle 6(1) echr
Authors: Chioni-Chotouman Chara
Published: July 2022

The application of Article 6(1) echr under certain conditions in the case of the victim constitutes a distinct scope of application of the right to a fair trial. Even though the article applies only to the accused in its criminal aspect, it may apply in its civil one in criminal proceedings in the case of the civil party or any other procedural status inextricably linked to securing a civil claim. In this article, the exact scope of application for the victim will be examined alongside the extensive case-law of the ECtHR, which redefines the rights deriving from Art.6(1), revealing a new aspect of the right to a fair trial.
Celia’s Delighted Hips
Authors: Bariselli Michela
Published: July 2022

This article analyses the figure of Celia, questioning the description that emerges from the main account of Beckett’s early women. This account, originally developed by Bryden (1993), claims that women in Beckett’s early prose are represented through the filter of the male gaze, and are constructed in opposition to, and as an obstacle for, the male hero. This article argues that, in Murphy, the mechanisms set to reduce Celia to a stereotypical Woman, are foregrounded, and hence disrupted, by the presence of several contradicting perspectives, including Celia’s own perspective.
Manifestasi Ideologi dalam Terjemahan Item Taksa Al-Quran oleh Abdullah Basmeih
Authors: Kadir Kasyfullah Abd , Mansor Idris
Published: July 2022

Tafsir Pimpinan Al-Rahman (TPA) is the official Malay translation of the Quran. The government has worked on the translation ever since Malaya gained independence. Among the roles of TPA is to unite the Muslims in this country with one true belief. However, the Quran contains two types of meaning; the clear, direct verses as well as the ambiguous verses which are open for interpretations based on the translators’ ideologies. As such, the TPA is also subject to ideology-based interpretations of the translator. At the same time, the Muslims in Malaysia officially follow the Ahli Sunnah wal Jamaah and the Shafii School of belief. Therefore, this article reports on the findings from research carried out to examine the influence of the Ahli Sunnah wal Jamaah and Shafii School ideologies on the TPA translation of the Quran into Malay. Research data consists of ambiguous homonyms known as mushtarak. The research found that the TPA translation is in line with the belief and practice of the Malay Muslims in Malaysia who follow the Ahli Sunnah wal Jamaah and Shafii School of belief, through the selection of meanings consistent with the thought of the Shafii School, and the use of meaning interpretation approach to avoid resembling Allah with any creatures. This conforms to the Malaysian government’s policy on Islam.
Pemikiran Wasatiyyah Abdul Hadi Awang Mengenai Wacana Kenegaraan Menerusi Pentafsiran Al-Quran
Authors: Norasid Muhamad Alihanafiah bin , Abdullah Mustaffa bin , Amir Selamat bin
Published: July 2022

The idea of Moderation (Wasatiyyah) is believed to be a solution towards the unity of the people. This assertion of wasatiyyah is very significant in Malaysia which has a multi-ethnic population compared to other neighbouring countries. With the diversity of races and cultures in Malaysia, a harmonious life (al-Taʿāyush al-Silmi) needs to be manifested by displaying the wasatiyyah Approach from the Islamic worldview. Thus, this article aims to present the thoughts of an influential Malaysian leader and scholar, Tuan Guru Haji Abdul Hadi Awang in the discourse of nationhood in Malaysia. This study uses different methods including; descriptive method, content analysis method, interpretive thematic analysis method, and comparative analysis method. In order to reveal his moderate ideas from Islamic point of view, the author analyses his interpretation of the Quranic verses related to nationhood. The study significantly found that the issue of national discourse or nationhood presented by him respects the belief system, Islamic justice, and national unity and it is in line with the Quran and sunnah. The pattern of wasatiyyah manifested in his thinking helped the political system in Malaysia in strengthening the national unity among the plural society too.
A diverse assemblage of Miocene Lauraceae in Chalatenango, El Salvador
Authors: Vasquez-Loranca Alma Rosa , Cevallos-Ferriz Sergio R.S.
Published: July 2022

The paleofloras of Central America are little known, and on this occasion, woods from the Miocene of Chalatenango, El Salvador, are reported. The identification was carried out from the elaboration of thin sections that allowed observation of anatomical patterns. Later, they were compared with woods of current and fossil taxa already described in the literature. The fossil specimens presented characteristics shared by several current genera of Lauraceae, so they were assigned to this family. However, since the variability of the woods between the genera of Lauraceae is low, it was uncertain to assign them to the current genera without having other plant organs. We recognize five new species in three fossil genera: Argapaloxylon salvadorensis, Laurinoxylon scalariforme, Mezilaurinoxylon miocenica, M. americana, and M. draconis. In addition, we assign a wood to an already described species, L. chalatenangensis. In Central America and southern Mexico, there is a great diversity and dominance of lauraceous plants in forests and jungles. The specimens described here represent new evidence suggesting that this vegetation type may have existed for approximately 15 million years. However, that current genera cannot be recognized even at this time is striking. A more detailed history of the lineages involved requires a closer comparison of existing plants with extinct ones.
The Roots of Culture
Authors: Choi Jung A , Kim Han Sung
Published: July 2022

Kim Suyŏng (1921–1968) is a Korean modernist poet whose works have been widely studied from the perspective of comparative and world literature. Yet, there is hardly any research on how his work is related to Russian literature. Given that he had little to no command of the Russian language, he used English translations to translate into Korean or comment on the Russian works selected for publication. His translations of Russian literature exhibit a consciousness of the characteristics of Russian literature, blended with Cold War English literature and post-colonial Korean literature. Referring to Pasternak’s poem “The Caucasus,” Kim noted that Pasternak’s journey in search of Russian roots was comparable to his pursuit of the “gigantic root” in post-colonial Korea. These two poets shared common ground in that both delved deep into tradition during the Cold War, when tradition was rejected as being reactionary.
Of Littérature-monde as an Untranslatable
Authors: Lejeune Nadège
Published: July 2022

In March of 2007 French newspaper Le Monde published the co-signed manifesto laying out the project of littérature-monde. Since then it has received much scholarly attention and has often been associated with its Anglophone counterpart, world literature. This article draws on Barbara Cassin’s concept of the untranslatable in the Vocabulaire européen des philosophies (2004) to complicate the project of littérature-monde: it needs to be articulated in relation to, rather than as a translation of, world literature. Following Cassin’s linguistic claim to a “maintien d’ une pluralité,” this article calls for contemporary literary scholarship to acknowledge littérature-monde and world literature as responses to different social, political, and cultural issues. Applying conceptual and philosophical untranslatability to the intrinsically different littérature-monde and to world literature destabilizes these fields’ global reach and consequently opens the possibility to consider them as co-existent, independent ways of reading literature on a global scale.
Woes of the True Global Novelist
Authors: Sotgiu Elisa
Published: July 2022

The global novel is one of the central stakes in the US-centered international literary field, a field that openly celebrates marginality, authenticity, and ethical bearing while still rewarding works targeted to an Anglophone, educated audience with an omnivorous aesthetic disposition. This essay reconstructs the genesis and the history of the contemporary literary field, tracing the geopolitical, social, and institutional changes that resulted in the current system of beliefs. The second part focuses on two celebrated global novelists, Elena Ferrante and Roberto Bolaño, studying the affinities in their work that reflect their similar position vis-à-vis the United States: they both disallow the centrality of the US and the legitimacy of academic institutions, make use of genre fiction, and craft their narratives around the figure of an authentic, marginal friend. These strategies prove to be particularly effective in responding to the contradictory constraints of the literary field.
Pachytylaradus cretaceous gen. et sp. nov. from Burmese amber (Heteroptera, Aradidae)
Authors: HEISS ERNST
Published: July 2022

From the rich mid-Cretaceous amber deposits in Northern Myanmar, which yielded already numerous biological inclusions (Ross, 2019, 2021, 2022), to date the following nine genera of the heteropteran flat bug family Aradidae are recorded: Aradoleptus Heiss, 2016 (1 sp.); Archeaneurus Heiss, 2019 (1sp.); Archearadus Heiss & Grimaldi, 2001 (2 sp.); Archecalisius Heiss, 2019 (1sp.); Calisiomorpha Heiss 2016 (1sp.); Cretopiesma Grimaldi & Engel, 2008 (4 sp.); Ellenbergeria Heiss, 2016 (1sp.); Kachinocoris Heiss, 2012 (1sp.); Myanmezira  Heiss & Poinar, 2012; (Heiss & Grimaldi, 2001; Grimaldi & Engel, 2008; Heiss, 2012, 2016, 2019a, b; Heiss & Poinar, 2012; Azar et al., 2020).
Changes in the Speed–Ability Relation Through Different Treatments of Rapid Guessing
Authors: Deribo Tobias , Goldhammer Frank , Kroehne Ulf
Published: July 2022

As researchers in the social sciences, we are often interested in studying not directly observable constructs through assessments and questionnaires. But even in a well-designed and well-implemented study, rapid-guessing behavior may occur. Under rapid-guessing behavior, a task is skimmed shortly but not read and engaged with in-depth. Hence, a response given under rapid-guessing behavior does bias constructs and relations of interest. Bias also appears reasonable for latent speed estimates obtained under rapid-guessing behavior, as well as the identified relation between speed and ability. This bias seems especially problematic considering that the relation between speed and ability has been shown to be able to improve precision in ability estimation. For this reason, we investigate if and how responses and response times obtained under rapid-guessing behavior affect the identified speed–ability relation and the precision of ability estimates in a joint model of speed and ability. Therefore, the study presents an empirical application that highlights a specific methodological problem resulting from rapid-guessing behavior. Here, we could show that different (non-)treatments of rapid guessing can lead to different conclusions about the underlying speed–ability relation. Furthermore, different rapid-guessing treatments led to wildly different conclusions about gains in precision through joint modeling. The results show the importance of taking rapid guessing into account when the psychometric use of response times is of interest.
Impact of Haptic Cues and an Active Ankle Exoskeleton on Gait Characteristics
Authors: Wu Man I , Stegall Paul , Siu Ho Chit , Stirling Leia
Published: July 2022

Objective

This study examined the interaction of gait-synchronized vibrotactile cues with an active ankle exoskeleton that provides plantarflexion assistance.

Background

An exoskeleton that augments gait may support collaboration through feedback to the user about the state of the exoskeleton or characteristics of the task.

Methods

Participants ( N = 16) were provided combinations of torque assistance and vibrotactile cues at pre-specified time points in late swing and early stance while walking on a self-paced treadmill. Participants were either given explicit instructions ( N = 8) or were allowed to freely interpret (N=8) how to coordinate with cues.

Results

For the free interpretation group, the data support an 8% increase in stride length and 14% increase in speed with exoskeleton torque across cue timing, as well as a 5% increase in stride length and 7% increase in speed with only vibrotactile cues. When given explicit instructions, participants modulated speed according to cue timing—increasing speed by 17% at cues in late swing and decreasing speed 11% at cues in early stance compared to no cue when exoskeleton torque was off. When torque was on, participants with explicit instructions had reduced changes in speed.

Conclusion

These findings support that the presence of torque mitigates how cues were used and highlights the importance of explicit instructions for haptic cuing. Interpreting cues while walking with an exoskeleton may increase cognitive load, influencing overall human-exoskeleton performance for novice users.

Application

Interactions between haptic feedback and exoskeleton use during gait can inform future feedback designs to support coordination between users and exoskeletons.
Facilitating Cross-Cultural Adaptation: A Meta-Analytic Review of Dispositional Predictors of Expatriate Adjustment
Authors: Han Yu , Sears Greg J. , Darr Wendy A. , Wang Yun
Published: July 2022

This meta-analytic review examines the relationship between various dispositional characteristics and expatriate adjustment, including the Big Five constructs and other characteristics that have garnered more recent empirical attention (i.e., cultural empathy/flexibility, cognitive intelligence, emotional intelligence). Using 62 primary studies ( n = 13,060), we found that the Big Five traits play an important role in expatriate adjustment; however, when assessing the relative influence of these predictors, characteristics such as cultural empathy, cultural intelligence (e.g., motivational CQ), and emotional intelligence appear to exert a stronger influence on adjustment outcomes. Various cultural variables (cultural distance, cultural tightness, gender inequality in the host country) and year of publication were found to moderate some relationships, indicating that sociocultural factors may temper some of these effects.
A Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis of the Mother-To-Infant Bonding Scale
Authors: Demir Emin , Öz Sena , Aral Neriman , Gürsoy Figen
Published: July 2022

The Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS) is among the most popular measurement tools to evaluate caregiver-infant attachment. We carried out a meta-analysis study to explore the generalizability of the reliability coefficients for the MIBS in different studies. The literature review yielded a total of 702 studies investigating caregiver-infant attachment. After removing duplicate studies, we also excluded compilations, meta-analyses, qualitative studies, those using different measurement tools, studies published in a language other than English, citations, and those whose full texts could not be accessed. Eventually, we considered a total of 26 studies with 33 Cronbach’s alpha coefficients that satisfied the inclusion criteria. We normalized the alpha coefficients using Bonett’s transformation, and the analyses were performed using a 95% confidence interval. The findings revealed a Cronbach’s alpha ( n = 33) coefficient of 0.73 (CI = 0.68–0.77); hence, the present reliability generalization study provides evidence that the reliability scores produced after measurements with the MIBS in previous studies are acceptable across samples. Overall, further studies may reliably utilize the MIBS to evaluate mother-infant attachment.
The material effects of Whiteness: Institutional racism in the German welfare state
Authors: Lewicki Aleksandra
Published: July 2022

The scholarship on institutional racism has emerged from contexts such as Australia, the UK or the US. Less is known about how racism operates within institutional settings elsewhere. What is more, our understanding of Whiteness is shaped by this Anglocentric literature. In this article, I explore the contextual features of Whiteness in residential care in Germany. More specifically, I trace how institutional routines shape affective subjectivities and thereby develop material effects. The study draws on 17 expert interviews and 20 interviews with managers of care homes run by the two largest providers, the Christian welfare associations Caritas and Diakonie. Respondents frequently highlighted their organisation’s commitment to equality, which they saw grounded in its Christian ethos, their professional self-understanding as carers, or Germany’s post-racial nationhood. Paradoxically, however, my analysis shows that respondents also deployed these ‘representations of self’ to justify access and service quality differentials. On this basis, I argue that Whiteness materialises via self-ascribed civility, ‘goodness’ and egalitarianism in the German welfare state. Signified by visual markers, Whiteness emerges from projections of purity, innocence and good intentions. In varying ways, groups distinctively racialised as ‘Other’, notably as ‘Black’, ‘Muslim’ or ‘Eastern European’, are placed outside this notion of Whiteness.
A narrative review of efficacy of antibiotics in treatment of children with severe acute malnutrition in community based out-patient treatment
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Chatterjee Keya , Daniel Abner , Kumar Sinha Rajesh , Arora Purnima , Wagt Arjan De
Published: July 2022

The World Health Organisation (WHO) updated guidelines on the management of severe acute malnutrition in infants and children (2013) recommends antibiotic treatment of uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in the community setting. As community-based treatment is gaining ground, this evidence review looks at the emerging data to improve the decision-making process. The databases of Pubmed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Database of Systematic Review were searched for experimental and observational studies in the English literature for the period of 2011–2021. The search identified seven studies: two interventional and five observational. Six of these studies showed significant improvement in recovery rates using weight for height Z-score-2. Emerging evidence supports the continuation of antibiotic treatment for uncomplicated SAM in out-patient settings, as recommended in the WHO guideline of 2013.
Encouraging Productive Behavior in Student Teams with Interventions
Authors: Zalewski Jacqueline M. , Brudvig Susan
Published: July 2022

Teamwork pedagogies are used for teaching and learning in sociology, addressing general education goals, and developing students’ professional skills. Nevertheless, problems arise in group work that negatively affect learning, engagement, treatment of others, and team satisfaction. An intervention was added to an Introduction to Sociology course with an established teamwork pedagogy to improve these outcomes. We compared the results of student surveys before and after the intervention, finding improvement in students’ satisfaction with teamwork and students’ perceptions of their teammates. There were large, statistically significant improvements in interactional fairness. Students’ perceptions of learning improved, although the gains were not statistically significant. We theorize that the intervention improved the psychological safety climate for students, resulting in attitudes and dispositions that benefited social interactions in their teams. Our study demonstrates that faculty can encourage productive behavior in student teams with carefully crafted interventions.
A case report of otoendoscopic radiofrequency resection of squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal
Authors: Liu Hong , Zhao Jing-Jing , Yang Hua
Published: July 2022

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common pathological type of external and middle ear malignancy. Squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal and middle ear is closely associated with long-term chronic inflammatory irritation. The patient was admitted with a major complaint of a “stuffy feeling in the left ear for more than three months.” The results of the otoendoscopic examination were as follows: The left external auditory canal was filled with a granuloma-shaped mass with an unsmooth surface that showed obvious oozing of blood. The tympanic membrane was not visible. After the completion of the relevant examinations, radiofrequency resection of the external auditory canal mass was performed under otoendoscopy and the wound healed well with postoperative dressing changes. Pathological results revealed a well-differentiated keratinizing cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and there was no recurrence throughout the next 5 years after the operation. Proper preoperative evaluation and the correct selection of surgical approaches can be of great importance. The primary complication of ear squamous cell carcinoma was local recurrence with a low incidence of metastasis. Early and complete resection was determined to be the optimal course of treatment.