bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Forwarding Strategy Based on MCDM Model in Named Data Networking
Authors: Pu Cong
Published: December 2020

Named Data Networking (NDN), as a specific architecture

design of Information-Centric Networking (ICN), has quickly became a promising candidate for future Internet architecture, where communications are driven by data names instead of IP addresses. To realize the NDN architecture in the future Internet, a stateful forwarding plane has been proposed to maintain the pending Interest packets and guide Data packets back to the consumers. However, the operations of stateful forwarding plane are not fully explained in NDN project and the design specifics remain to be filled in. In addition, the overall framework of stateful forwarding plane should be adaptive and responsive to diverse network conditions by taking into account of multiple network metrics. In this paper, we propose a novel adaptive forwarding strategy, also referred to as fwdPRO, to realize intelligent and adaptive Interest packet forwarding in NDN. The basic idea of the fwdPRO is to employ Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Idea Solution (TOPSIS)

to dynamically evaluate outgoing interface alternatives based on multiple network metrics and objectively select an optimal outgoing interface to forward the Interest packet. The TOPSIS is a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model to identify the best alternative that is nearest to the positive ideal solution and farthest from the negative ideal solution. We conduct extensive simulation experiments for performance evaluation and comparison with the existing BestRoute and EPF schemes. The simulation results show that the proposed adaptive forwarding strategy can improve the Interest satisfaction ratio and Interest satisfaction latency as well as reduce the average hop count.
PENGGUNAAN CERTIFIED EMISSION REDUCTIONS SEBAGAI BUKTI OBJEK TRANSAKSI CARBON CREDITING
Authors: Maharani Agatha Sevilla , Muhdar Muhamad , Alhidayah Rahmawati
Published: December 2020

Indonesia ikut serta dalam skema jual-beli karbon sebagai upaya mitigasi perubahan iklim. Karbon merupakan benda tidak berwujud yang diperjualbelikan berdasarkan pada perjanjian. Penelitian ini diajukan untuk menjawab dua pertanyaan yaitu pertama menganalisis skema perdagangan karbon menurut Hukum Perdata khususnya jual-beli. Kedua menganalisa mengenai Certified Emissions Reductions (CER) sebagai bukti objek transaksi Carbon Crediting.Dalam hukum perdata Indonesia tidak mengenal karbon sebagai objek hukum, tetapi Indonesia telah melakukan jual-beli karbon sebagai bentuk adaptasi dan mitigasi perubahan iklim. Namun demikian dalam precedent praktek hukum dapat direplikasi sebagai objek hukum tidak berwujud. Hak kepemilikan dari karbon ditandai dengan CER berpotensi sebagai peneguhan objek kepemilikan karbon belum dapat dipastikan yang dapat berakibat pada adanya konflik dimasyarakat karena hak karbon dan pembagian manfaat dari jual beli karbon belum dapat dipastikan.
¿Refundación del Estado o ampliación de élites? El gobierno de Evo Morales y el proyecto indígena en la Bolivia actual
Authors: Makaran Gaya
Published: December 2020

El artículo tiene como objetivo revisar el estado actual del proyecto indígena de refundación estatal enel contexto de los gobiernos de Evo Morales Ayma en Bolivia. Como proyecto indígena se entenderá la propuesta política surgida desde las organizaciones indígenas como consecuencia de la actividad del movimiento originario en Bolivia que tomó cuerpo en la Asamblea Constituyente bajo las figuras del Estado Plurinacional y del modelo Buen Vivir. ¿Es el Estado boliviano plurinacional como declara la Nueva Constitución o se trataría más bien de un Estado-nación pluricultural y multiétnico? ¿Coincide el modelo de desarrollo económico y social promovido por el gobierno con el ideal del Buen Vivir? Analizaremos tanto el discurso oficial, como las políticas concretas del gobierno de Evo Morales Ayma (2006-2020) a fin de revelar la situación actual de la propuesta indígena, tomando en cuenta un largo debate histórico sobre la construcción del Estado-nación en Bolivia.
Pengaruh Musik terhadap Kualitas Tidur pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana
Authors: Akasian Syela C , Rumiati Flora , William William
Published: December 2020

Musik merupakan suatu alunan nada yang bisa dinikmati, umumnya digunakan untuk menghilangkan rasa penat atau stres seseorang. Secara ilmiah musik juga dapat berpengaruh untuk meningkatkan kualitas tidur terutama pada lansia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh musik terhadap kualitas tidur pada usia dewasa muda khususnya mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran yang biasanya memiliki kualitas tidur buruk. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan teknik simple random sampling. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Ukrida angkatan 2018 sebanyak 96 mahasiswa. Pembagian kuesioner Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) dan kuesioner tambahan untuk melihat kebiasaan mendengarkan musik pada mahasiswa dilakukan secara serentak saat proses perkuliahan.  Sebagian besar mahasiswa  memiliki kualitas tidur yang buruk yaitu 88 (91,7%) mahasiswa. Tiga dari  48  mahasiswa yang memiliki kebiasaan mendengarkan musik sebelum tidur  memiliki kualitas tidur baik. Lima dari delapan mahasiswa yang memiliki kualitas tidur baik  tidak memiliki kebiasaan mendengarkan musik sebelum tidur. Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara kebiasaan mendengarkan musik dan kualitas tidur mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Ukrida (p  0,714).
Some Physicochemical Parameters of Wastewater from an Oil Industry at Point of Discharge in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Biology, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, PMB 5047 Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, Wokoma O. A. F , Edori O. S ,   Department of Chemistry, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, PMB 5047 Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Published: December 2020

Wastewater samples were collected from an oil industry at the point of discharge for a period of two years, from January 2018 – December 2019. The wastewater samples were analyzed for different physicochemical parameters such as temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), conductivity, pH, alkalinity, salinity, total hydrocarbon content (THC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) to examine their conformity to fulfill requirements as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO), Federal Ministry of Environment (FME) and Drinking Water Association (DWA). The results indicated that all the parameters in the discharged wastewater were within acceptable limits of the regulatory bodies. The field data showed that the investigated firm conformed to the law by carrying out proper procedures before discharging the effluents into the public drain and river. Therefore, the release of wastewater from the industry doesn't constitute a danger to the environment as well as aquatic organisms. Keywords: Physicochemical parameter, wastewater discharge, oil industry, environment, contaminants
Karl Jaspers: el hombre y su trascendental contribución a la psiquiatría
Authors: Doerr-Zegers Otto
Published: December 2020

En primer lugar, el autor alude a la trascendencia de Karl Jaspers como filósofo y como psiquiatra y a las múltiples celebraciones que se realizaron en el año 2013, al cumplirse 100 años de la primera edición de su Psicopatología General. En segundo lugar, se refiere sucintamente a su biografía y, en especial, a las circunstancias que lo llevaron a dejar la psiquiatría para dedicarse a la filosofía (1918) y tres décadas más tarde (1948) a abandonar Alemania y radicarse en Suiza. En tercer lugar, el autor revisa los temas esenciales que trata cada una de las seis partes de su Psicopatología General. En cuarto lugar, se detiene a analizar en detalle lo que podría considerarse como los cinco aportes más fundamentales de Karl Jaspers a la psicopatología como ciencia y a la psiquiatría como praxis. Estos son: La introducción del método fenomenológico en la investigación psicopatológica y la práctica clínica; La introducción del método comprensivo en el diagnóstico y en el tratamiento de los enfermos mentales; Los conceptos de “proceso” y “desarrollo” como base para una posible clasificación de los cuadros psicóticos; El concepto de “situación” como forma de superar el mecanicismo que implica el concepto de “reacción”. Y, por último, la introducción de la aproximación dialéctica a la psicopatología y la psiquiatría y su importancia para esclarecer la complejidad de las anormalidades mentales.
‘Stim Your Heart Out’ and ‘Syndrome Rebel’ (Performance Artworks, Autism Advocacy and Mental Health)
Authors: Stevenson Prue
Published: December 2020

‘Stim Your Heart Out’ is a set of concepts and beliefs that advocate the benefits of the autistic culture of ‘stimming’, a repetitive physical action that provides enjoyment, comfort and contributes towards self-regulation of emotions. Facilitating the exploration of contemporary movement in the context of stimming and self-regulation, workshops generated a series of movement scores, culminating in a patented choreographic system of stimming performances documented at the www.stimyourheartout.com website and associated film.
‘Syndrome Rebel’ utilises this new choreographic system, where a performative movement score was created. A new stimming symbology/language was then developed and embroidered around the edge of a circular blanket, to record the movement score in this new symbology. The artist then interacted with these symbols within a live integrated movement score stimming performance. Continuing the conversations of Civil Rights and Feminism, the work uses textiles, language and performance to challenge the use of deficit language by the medical academic fraternity, and to protest against social behavioural norms, and the stigma that medical and educational practitioners and society associate with autistic behaviours, due to their medicalised perspective of ‘cure.’ These works advocate for autistic people to be able to celebrate and practise their autistic culture, while sharing the self-awareness of our sensory perception and neuroperspective with the rest of society.
The project and performance address the prevalence of mental health conditions among autistic people, raise the discussion of art as a process of social cognition, and speak to the gap between descriptions of embodied cognition and the co-construction of lived experience. ‘Stim Your Heart Out’ project and ‘Syndrome Rebel’ performance make connections across my lived-experience and research practices within the arts and sciences.
OPTIMALISASI PENJADWALAN PROYEK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE CPM DI PROYEK LRT PULOMAS
Authors: Setiawan Budhi , Ridwan Usman
Published: December 2020

Salah satu tujuan proyek adalah menyelesaikan proyek tanpa mengalami keterlambatan dengan biaya minimal, oleh karena itu tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengoptimalkan waktu dan biaya pada proyek LRT Pulomas di PT. CBU. Dalam penelitian ini waktu normal pekerjaan yang dibutuhkan adalah 90 hari dengan biaya Rp 3.566.685.480. Dari 90 hari tersebut dilakukan percepatan waktu menjadi 67 hari dan membutuhkan biaya percepatan sebesar Rp. 118.550.000 sehingga total biaya proyek naik menjadi Rp 3.685.235.480. Untuk mendapatkan percepatan menjadi 67 hari tersebut dilakukan proses perhitungan mulai dari membuat jaringan kerja (network planning), menentukan jalur kritis, melakukan crash program  dengan melakukan penambahan jam kerja (lembur) selama 4 jam tanpa menambah tenaga kerja
METABOLISMO DE RUMINANTES EM LACTAÇÃO NO ESTADO DE JEJUM: REGULAÇÃO HORMONAL, FORMAÇÃO DE CORPOS CETÔNICOS E PRODUÇÃO DE LEITE
Authors: Alves Júnior Renato Tonhá , Amorim Mikael Leal Cabral Menezes de , Pascoal Leonardo Augusto Fonseca , Silva David Rwbystanne Pereira da , Almeida Jonathan Mádson dos Santos
Published: December 2020

O estado de jejum é observado quando o animal é privado do fornecimento de fontes externas de energia metabólica, tendo início em um determinado momento após a última refeição, a partir do qual já não ocorre absorção significativa de nutrientes no trato gastrintestinal. Em caso de subalimentação, os animais mobilizam substratos das reservas do glicogênio hepático, tecidos adiposo e muscular. O catabolismo desses tecidos ocorre devido a diminuição plasmática de insulina e o aumento da secreção de hormônios glicocorticoides. Esta mobilização das reservas corporais, que ocorre mesmo em animais não produtivos, se torna ainda maior durante as fases de gestação e lactação pelo aumento das necessidades fisiológicas. Tendo em vista que a alimentação animal e o fornecimento desta influenciam diretamente na produção leiteira e no metabolismo energético, objetivou-se com essa revisão esclarecer como o jejum pode interferir no metabolismo de ruminantes em lactação.
Review of the tribe Typoderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Caucasus with the description of a new species of Caulomorphus from Armenia
Authors: Hlaváč Peter
Published: December 2020

All genera of the tribe Typoderini presented in the Caucasus Region, i.e. Adexius Schönherr, 1834 (which is here transferred to Typoderini from Molytini based on morphological characters), Anchonidium Bedel, 1884, Aparopion Hampe, 1861, Caulomorphus Faust, 1886, and Pseudaparopion Borovec, Osella & Zuppa, 2002, are diagnosed and partly illustrated. One new species, Caulomorphus kociani sp. nov., is described; Caulomorphus besucheti Osella, 1970, Caulomorphus talyschensis Reitter, 1897, and Anchonidium perpensum Faust, 1886 are redescribed. Lectotype is designated for Anchonidium perpensum. Keys to Caucasian genera of Typoderini and to all species of Caucasian Anchonidium and Caulomorphus are provided. A complete list of species with their distribution is given.
Copepod egg production rate in pelagic copepods in the Mexican Central Pacific
Authors: Herandez -Trujillo Sergio , Esqueda Escárcega Gabriela Ma.
Published: December 2020

Estimates of secondary production through indicators from pelagic copepods under laboratory conditions were carried out in Mexican waters of the eastern tropical Pacific. Copepods were  collected during April 2015, separated and in three oceanographic stations off the coast of Guerrero, Mexico. Only Labidocera acutifrons, Subeucalanus pileatus and Centropages furcatus presented reproductive activity. Secondary production indicators were the rate of egg production (TPH), the mass-length relationship and condition factor. The species with the highest TPH and the highest value of condition factor (K) was Labidocera acutifrons. In all three species allometric growth was observed. This is the first estimate of secondary production for zooplankton in the Mexican Central Pacific. Thus it should be extended to a larger number of taxa and for a wider seasonal space-time scale
Macroalgal assemblages on dead surfaces of scleractinian corals (Anthozoa: Scleractinia) in the Oro Verde reef, Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: LUNA ORTEGA IVONNE , DE LA CRUZ FRANCISCO VICENCIO
Published: December 2020

Benthic macroalgae are abundant in the Oro Verde reef but their taxonomic richness was hitherto unknown and it is presumed to present settlements on the massive corals. For this reason, the present workinvestigated which species of massive corals show algal colonization. Also, their taxonomic composition wasdetermined, and the similarity of the algal assemblages between species of scleractinian corals was measured. Tensampling points were systematically established in the reef, where a transect band of 50 x 2 m at each site wasplaced to locate and collect algae fron the dead surfaces of scleractinian corals. The frequency of occurrence ofalgae species was estimated based on the total number of coral species studied, as well as on each coral species.Similarity and ordination analysis were applied in order to explain similarities and significant differences of thephycological composition among the coral species. Scleractinian corals with algal assemblages were: Siderastreasiderea, Montastraea cavernosa, Pseudodiploria strigosa, Colpophylia natans, Stephanocoenia intersepta, Porites astreoides, Orbicella annularis, Orbicella faveolata. Thirty-two species of algae were identified from a total of100 revised coral colonies which are represented in 3 divisions, 10 orders and 15 families. The corticated, foliosecorticated and filamentous macroalgae were the most represented species. The most frequent algae on massive corals were Laurencia obtusa, Amphiroa rigida and Caulerpa chemnitzia. Massive corals with higher algal recordswere S. siderea (9 species), M. cavernosa (19 species) and P. strigosa (17 species). The algal assemblages on themassive corals presented low similarity. However, no significant dissimilar groups were detected. Only S. sidereaand M. cavernosa are relatively similar in phycological composition. The results suggest that the massive coralsof the Oro Verde reef are vulnerable to the colonization of algae, but it is necessary to investigate the conditionspreceding algal settlement.
Predictive analytics technologies in the management of the COVID‑19 pandemic
Authors:   LLC “K-Skai”, Gusev A. V. , Novitsky R.E. ,   LLC “K-Skai”
Published: December 2020

Recently, a new coronavirus infection, or COVID‑19, caused by the pathogen SARS-CoV‑2, has been continuing to spread around the world rapidly. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), which declared this outbreak a pandemic, COVID‑19 is a serious public health problem of international concern. Due to the lack of proven effective treatment and vaccination against COVID‑19, precautions are considered by WHO to be strategic goals and a primary response to the pandemic. It is recommended that country guidelines adopt national health care programs aimed at assessing and reducing the risk of infection spread. Predictive analytics have begun to be actively used to compile population and personal forecasts of the progression of morbidity, mortality, assess the severity of the course of the disease, etc. This article provides an overview of available developments and publications on the use of predictive analytics in the management of COVID‑19 pandemic.
Radiological Images in the Construction of Hybrid Intelligent System
Authors:   Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control”, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kobrinskii B. A. , Dolotova D. D. ,   Gammamed- Soft, Ltd, Donitova V. V. ,   Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control”, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gavrilov A. V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: December 2020

So far, the concept of image row or tuples in the development of intelligent systems has been discussed in relation to the role of phenotypic (external) manifestations of diseases in diagnostics. This study introduces the idea of neuroimaging tuples as a tool to make a prognosis of the course of chronic cerebral ischemia. The phenomenon of leukoaraiosis is analyzed as a radiological feature of chronic brain ischemia and a predictor of stroke. Image tuples are formed from the results of computed tomography, computed tomography angiography, magnetic resonance imaging, of 85 patients with chronic cerebral ischemia. Native computed tomography images were processed with adaptive filtering methods. Computed tomography angiography results were processed through a vesselness filter that allows development of 3D reconstructions of vasculature in leukoaraiosis areas. The problem of fuzzy images, the principles of comparative analysis of images and the possibility of using confidence factors in the image tuples are discussed in the article. A scheme of a hybrid intelligent system that combines traditional logic-linguistic rules and images based on primary information and reconstruction of the original DICOM images in the knowledge base was developed. The sphere of the application is stroke risk prediction using an intelligent system.
Mathematical interpretation of avian egg shapes
Authors: Mytiai Ivan S. , Matsyura Alex V. , Jankowski Kazimierz , Mytiai Zoya
Published: December 2020

The general principles of ovoid shapes and their mathematical interpretation were considered concerning previous data and experience. Previously, bird egg description was carried out using the composite ovoid model. According to this model, an ovoid is considered as a set of arcs with a smooth transition between them. The studied group of eggs was named true ovoid. They differ from other forms in size of their infundibular zone radius (thick end) that is almost equal to half of the diameter (0.5D ± 0.01 ˂ ri = 0.5D).We suggested that this commonality, a priori, implies the presence of an abstract geometric model, which is a satisfactory solution and logical approach for analyzing the diversity of natural ovoids. Such a model is a system of circles passing into each other. This allows, within a single system, to assign a vendor code to each form, which involves the name, geometric shape, and quantitative parameters that can be implemented in bird taxonomy.Early, 0.01 D was chosen as the model difference value and the ratio of symmetrical eggs in the analyzed database was 1.1%. In this research, we extended the difference value to 0.05 D and this covered 6.0% of the egg shapes. This is the maximum interval at which the curvature of the polar zones does not visually differ. We revealed that the variability in the egg shapes depends on the radii of curvature of the lateral and polar arcs. The larger the radius of the lateral arches, the greater the degree of freedom for variation of the lateral arches. We supposed that our data could associate any form of bird egg with its biological content. In turn, many ovoid features relevant to other natural objects can be used in bird taxonomical study.
A Thermal Conduction Comparative Study Between the FDM and SPH Methods with A Proposed C++ Home Code
Authors: Bensafi Mohammed , Draoui Belkacem , Menni Younes , Ameur Houari
Published: December 2020

The heat transfer phenomenon is modeled by the Finite Difference Method (FDM) and the Soothed Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) approach. The numerical approach under investigation may be used to solve many complex problems of applied mechanics. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is generally used for the Lagrangian description, and the FDM is used for the Eulerian report. However, the SPH method, which is better than other approaches to solve some problems, may be used in many aspects. Numerical details on the SPH method are discussed in this paper, with a focus on its application on the heat equation. A simple two-dimensional heat conduction problem is simulated by using the SPH approximation procedure and the newly constructed quartic smoothing function. Besides, a comparison is made between both techniques. Finally, C++ code is proposed for SPH and FDM methods.
A Map Between Moduli Spaces of Connections
Authors:   Univ Rennes, France, Loray Frank , Ramírez Valente ,   University of Twente, The Netherlands
Published: December 2020

We are interested in studying moduli spaces of rank 2 logarithmic connections on elliptic curves having two poles. To do so, we investigate certain logarithmic rank 2 connections defined on the Riemann sphere and a transformation rule to lift such connections to an elliptic curve. The transformation is as follows: given an elliptic curve C with elliptic quotient, and the logarithmic connection, we may pullback the connection to the elliptic curve to obtain a new connection on C. After suitable birational modifications we bring the connection to a particular normal form. The whole transformation is equivariant with respect to bundle automorphisms and therefore defines a map between the corresponding moduli spaces of connections. The aim of this paper is to describe the moduli spaces involved and compute explicit expressions for the above map in the case where the target space is the moduli space of rank 2 logarithmic connections on an elliptic curve C with two simple poles and trivial determinant.
Small Gauge Transformations and Universal Geometry in Heterotic Theories
Authors:   University of New England, Australia, McOrist Jock , Sisca Roberto ,   University of Surrey, UK
Published: December 2020

The first part of this paper describes in detail the action of small gauge transformations in heterotic supergravity. We show a convenient gauge fixing is 'holomorphic gauge' together with a condition on the holomorphic top form. This gauge fixing, combined with supersymmetry and the Bianchi identity, allows us to determine a set of non-linear PDEs for the terms in the Hodge decomposition. Although solving these in general is highly non-trivial, we give a prescription for their solution perturbatively in α and apply this to the moduli space metric. The second part of this paper relates small gauge transformations to a choice of connection on the moduli space. We show holomorphic gauge is related to a choice of holomorphic structure and Lee form on a 'universal bundle'. Connections on the moduli space have field strengths that appear in the second order deformation theory and we point out it is generically the case that higher order deformations do not commute.
Community Preventive Measures Related to Coronavirus Disease-19 among Iraqi Population
Authors: Taher Taqi Mohammed Jwad , Al-Fadhul Shaymaa Abdul Lateef , Hassooni Zainab Abbas
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus (CoV) disease (COVID)-19 outbreak is considering as a health disaster which threatens the world right now because of its higher infectivity and unavailability of definite vaccine or treatment. The only effective strategies are a commitment to prevention and quarantine of the diseased people to decrease the transmission and spreading.
AIM: The objective of the study was to assess the preventive measures adopted by the Iraqi population to protect themselves from acquiring severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2 infection in correlation with their age, sex, educational level, and occupation.
METHODS: A total of 619 volunteers were involved in this online cross-sectional study, all of them answered a semi-structured questionnaire including 14 questions regarding the preventive practices. The questionnaire was distributed into three general and mixed Facebook groups during the period from April 18 to 28. Data analyzed by SPSS version 23 using frequency tables and descriptive statistics for numerical continuous age variable, t-test, and ANOVA were used for mean differences in the preventive scores.
RESULTS: The sociodemographic features of participants were showed that 81.3% were women and 91.9% had college or higher education. The majority (75.6%) were <30 years old and 42.5% governmentally employed.
The mean preventive practice score mentioned by them was 2.60 ± 0.28 with the highest three scores was for stay away from infected and sick people, avoid crowded places, and avoid travel and commuting. A significant difference was found in the practice score according to age, gender, and occupation (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Iraqi people mentioned that they always adhere to the health instructions related to COVID-19 prevention as suggested by the government, health workers, and organizations. Male, students, and people younger than 30 years are less frequently followed the main preventive measures.
Functional Outcomes and Hop Tests Results in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Patients with Adjustable Loop Fixation: 2-Years Follow-up
Authors: Rhatomy Sholahuddin , Wahjudi Chairul , Prasetyo Thomas Edison , Setyawan Riky , Budhiparama Nicolaas C.
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Grafts are ultimately integrated into the bone tunnels by either screws, cross-pins, or cortical suspension devices in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Investigation the usage of adjustable loop button is inadequate.
AIM: The aim of this study was to identify knee functional outcome and serial hop test in ACL reconstruction with adjustable loop button in 2-years follow-up.
METHODS: Chronic isolated ACL ruptured patients were reconstructed with adjustable loop button using peroneus longus autograft. We recorded knee functional outcome score using Tegner-Lysholm score, Modified Cincinnati score, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) at pre-operative and 2-years follow-up. Serial hop test was assessed at 6 months after surgery.
RESULTS: Forty-seven patients fulfilled inclusion criteria with median age 22.0. Evaluation of functional outcome of Tegner-Lysholm score, Modified Cincinnati score, and IKDC showed significant improvement at 2-years follow-up compared to pre-operative. Serial hop test showed excellent result at 6 months after surgery.
CONCLUSION: The result of knee functional score (Tegner-Lysholm score, Modified Cincinnati score, and IKDC) and serial hop test in ACL reconstruction with adjustable loop using peroneus longus autograft was excellent at 2-years follow-up.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 2, Retrospective Cohort Study.
Psychological Effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Sim Minyoung
Published: December 2020

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread across the world, reducing social interactions and causing substantial psychological distress and economic losses. This review summarizes the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of uncertainty, the loss of autonomy associated with preventive measures, and secondary stressors such as potential future economic losses.
Clinical Approach for Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Kim Soo Hyung , Son Byoung Kwan
Published: December 2020

Hypertriglyceridemia is an important cause of acute pancreatitis, and its symptoms are similar to those of pancreatitis of other causes. Moreover, the possibility of recurrence renders accurate diagnosis critical, and treatment, lifestyle modifications, and education should be performed simultaneously. For treatment during the acute phase of the disease, insulin or plasmapheresis can be combined with modalities used for acute pancreatitis of other causes; fibrate administration is recommended. In addition, hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis requires daily management, such as continuous administration of lipid-lowering agents, and lifestyle modifications are needed even after completion of acute-phase treatment.
Respiratory allergy control by probiotic fermented milk intake: a mouse model from weaning to maturity
Authors: Velez E.M.M. , Weill R. , Maldonado-Galdeano M.C. , Perdigón G.
Published: December 2020

This study is based on our previous research showing that commercial probiotic fermented milk (PFM) intake mitigates respiratory allergy development to ovalbumin (OVA) in adult mice (6-weeks old) increasing specific immunoglobulin (Ig)G2a and interferon (IFN)-γ rather than IgE. The aim was to determine if PFM exerts a protective effect when an allergy model is induced 5 days after weaning and whether the mechanisms involved are similar to those previously reported. Before inducing allergy, a group of 21-day old BALB/c mice received PFM for 10 days to analyse the impact on intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) activation. Two more groups received PFM for 5 days and were sensitised with OVA; only one group continued taking PFM until the end of the experiment. Sensitisation scheme: 3 OVA injections 1% in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) plus 7 days OVA aerosol exposure and re-stimulus 15 days later. The contents of specific- IgE, IgG, total-secretory-IgA and Th1/Th2 balance in serum, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and gut were measured at 7 and 15 days post-sensitisation (dPS) and 2 days post-re-stimulus (2dPR). Treg cells in lungs were also quantified. Results were compared with normal and sensitised controls. PFM induced mild activation of IECs increasing monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1 or CCL2) and interleukin (IL)-6 production. In sensitised mice, PFM controlled the response inducing IgG rather than IgE at 7 and 15-dPS and 2dPR (60 days old). Th1-balance (IFN-γ) was favoured by PFM in lungs at 7 dPS with low levels of IL-10 released to regulate the response. Total-S-IgA increased in lungs and gut; however, PFM intake did not affect Treg cells in lungs. PFM maintains controlled stimulation of the immune cells involved in Th1 response, favouring IgG at the respiratory mucosal site. Although the effect was not as strong as that reported previously, PFM promoted maturation and activation of gut immune cells preserving intestinal homeostasis and lung immune response.
The Counter mode with encrypted nonces and its extension to authenticated encryption
Authors: Agievich Sergei Valer'evich
Published: December 2020

В модифицированном режиме CTR (счетчика), известном как CTR2, синхропосылки зашифровываются перед тем, как по ним строятся последовательности счетчиков. Гарантии неперекрытия последовательностей становятся вероятностными. Показано, что эти гарантии, а следовательно, и гарантии стойкости CTR2, достаточно высоки в двух стандартных сценариях: случайные синхропосылки и неповторяющиеся синхропосылки. Предложен способ расширения CTR2 до режима аутентифицированного шифрования Counter-Hash-Encrypt (CHE). В CHE дополнительно к CTR2 требуются одно полиномиальное хэширование и одно зашифрование блока.
Related-key attack on 5-round Kuznyechik
Authors: Kiryukhin Vitalii Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2020

Первая атака на связанных ключах на шифр Кузнечик была представлена на конференции CTCrypt'18. Атаковались 3 раунда шифра (из 9) и 2 раунда развертки ключа (из 8). В настоящей работе представлена атака на 5-раундовый шифр с аналогичной процедурой развертки ключа. Атака имеет практическую сложность (2$^{32}$ операций, 2$^{30}$ памяти, 2$^{16}$ связанных ключей, одна пара выбранный текст-шифртекст для каждого ключа), была реализована на ЭВМ. Основной результат получен благодаря одновременному использованию интегральных свойств самого шифра и процедуры развертки ключа.
Modified Gaudry-Schost algorithm for the two-dimensional discrete logarithm problem
Authors: Nikolaev Maxim Vladimirovich
Published: December 2020

Рассматривается двумерная задача дискретного логарифмирования для подгруппы $G$ группы точек эллиптической кривой над конечным простым полем, обладающей эффективным автоморфизмом порядка 6 (для заданных $P_1,P_2,Q \in G$, ${0<N_1,N_2<\sqrt{|G|}}$ требуется найти такие $n_1,n_2$, что $Q=n_1P_1+n_2P_2, {-N_1\leq n_1 \leq N_1}, {-N_2\leq n_2 \leq N_2}$). Для этой задачи конструктивно доказывается, что для любого ${\varepsilon>0}$ существует модификация алгоритма Годри-Шоста, средняя трудоемкость которой не превосходит ${(1+\varepsilon)0.847\sqrt{N} + O _{\varepsilon} (N ^ {1/4})}$ групповых операций при $N=4N_1N_2, N\to \infty$.
Safety Management Plan through Offsite Risk Assessment during Tank Terminal Construction
Authors: Baek Eun Sung , Park Kyoshik
Published: December 2020

Objectives : In order to conduct the quantitative risk assessment for hazardous chemical storage facilities at the tank terminal in the port area, the entire risk assessment process was performed in according to the guidances of the Korea Ministry of Environment.Methods : The risk of the facility was derived by the worst-case scenario, alternative scenario, and then evaluated by KORA program. The countermeasures of the risk were suggested by the concept of LOPA.Results and Discussion : Focusing on the worst case scenario and alternative scenario among the scenario having effet to offsite, risk can be reduced to satisfy regulation by applying measures of passive, active, and managerial.Conclusions : According to the result of risk assessment on benzene storage tank and tank lorry when port construction, the amount of storage inside the tank has a significant impact on the offsite. It is necessary to organize the risk of benzene, and comprehensive management of tank terminal storage facilities.
Evaluation of Bio-drying Process of Sewage Sludge using Mathematical Model of Heat and Mass Balance: Effects of Temperatures of Supplied Air and Exhaust Gas
Authors: Park Jae-Ram , Lee Dong-Hoon , Kim Kyung-Hyun
Published: December 2020

Objectives : The effects of temperatures of supplied air and exhaust gas on moisture removal in the bio-drying process of sewage sludge were assessed by simulating the process. We also suggested performance and efficiency indicators for moisture removal in this process and identified their effectivity.Methods : The bio-drying process of sewage sludge was simulated by mathematical modeling of heat and mass balance under different combinations of supplied-air temperatures and control ranges of exhaust gas temperatures. The simulation results were analyzed by using some indicators for assessing the performance and efficiency of moisture removal.Results and Discussion : While BVS (biodegradable volatile solid) degradation was inhibited at a higher supplied-air temperature and a lower control range of exhaust gas temperature, moisture reduction was enhanced at the supplied-air temperature nearer to ambient and the controlled exhaust gas temperature for 45 to 50℃. The drying performance could be improved by the utilization of both metabolic heat and convective heat from hot supplied-air for the source of heat necessary for moisture removal. We suggested the moisture removal rate as a performance indicator, and both the moisture removing capacity of supplied-air and the mass ratio of moisture removal to BVS degradation as an efficiency indicator. We identified that this mass ratio could be an alternative for thermal efficiency of drying.Conclusions : It is effective to control the air-flow rate to keep the exhaust gas temperature within 45~50℃ during bio-drying of sewage sludge in terms of drying performance and efficiency. It is expected that a specified range or minimum required value for the performance and efficiency indicators in the bio-drying process which suggested in this study needs to be established.
State of shadow economic activity in Russian regions
Authors:   Ogarev Mordovia State University, Lizina Olga M.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The level of the shadow economy is important for the development of any state, identifying the goals and priorities of its development. The shadow economy in Russia is the leading one among the problems that destroy the state system and pose a serious threat to national economic security. Materials and Methods. To identify the state of the shadow economy in the Russian Federation in the context of its regions, the tax approach was used, on the basis of which the GRP indicators and components were analyzed. Results. A comparison of statistical data with those provided by the Federal Tax Service made it possible to identify the scale of the shadow economy in Russian regions over the period from 2007 to 2018. An analysis of the data showed that from 2007 to 2009. there was a decrease in the level of the shadow economy, and, since 2009, its growth has been noted in most regions. Conclusion. The presence of unaccounted economic activity in all Russian regions poses a threat not only to the economic security of individual regions but also to the safe and sustainable development of the entire state. Analysis of the state of the shadow economy in Russian regions showed the unevenness of its development in different regions. To conduct an effective policy of countering shadow economic processes, it is important to identify their scale and take regional characteristics into account.
Ženské a detské hroby s honosným šperkom v dlhom 9. storočí v Čechách, na Morave a na Slovensku (komparácia, identifikácia elít a pokus o novú historickú interpretáciu formovania veľkomoravského Nitrianska)
Authors: Chorvátová Hana , Harvát Matej
Published: December 2020

The study primarily deals with the archeological findings of the women and children luxurious jewelry from the burial sites located at regions nort of the Danube of the so-called Great Moravia. The paper consists of two parts – surveys of archeological and textual evidence. The main goal is interdisciplinary evaluation and comparison of available and well–known sources which indicate a specific discrepancy in the general historiographic interpretation of the formation of the Great Moravian „state“. The discrepancy between archeological and historiographic interpretation is much more obvious in the case of the so-called Principality of Nitra and its assumed elite. The first part of the study contains a comparative analysis of the findings of luxurious jewelry from the regions of present-day Bohemia, Moravia and western Slovakia, where authors point out the qualitative and quantitative differences in the spatial distribution of these artifacts. In the second part, the authors propose the alternative explanatory model of the formation of the so-called core area of Great Moravia based on the different reading of some notorious textual evidence. In this section is critically examined a conventional and rather problematic historiographic explanation based on the notion of the unification of (old) Moravian principality and „Nitrava“ principality as a consequence of the expulsion of Priwina from Nitra by the Moravian dux Mojmír I around 833. Contrastingly, authors rather suggest the later incorporation of the Nitra region to the political unit ruled by the Moravian prince which may have happend as a result of Svätopluk expansion.
A New Model for eGovernment in Local Level Administrations in Libya
Authors:   , Forti Yousef
Published: December 2020

The assessment of eGovernment capability has often focused on assessing website functions and their use, whereas relatively little attention has been given to other aspects of local authority operations, particularly back-office processes. The study provides a literature review, from which a model for the assessment of eGovernment at individual process level is derived. The study provides a maturity stage model for analysing eGovernment based on technology deployment, organisational capability and process efficiency dimensions. For each of these three dimensions, a number of key change factors are identified and assessed to allow a positioning of the organisation in the stage model; and this is applied at individual process level within the organisation, as well as for the organisation as a whole. This research reports on the use of the model in two case studies - Sabratha local authority and Rujban local authority in Libya. The study illustrates the potential of the model in assessing eGovernment readiness and identifying opportunities for investment and change. It highlights the need for process improvement to accompany technology deployment, and the key role of organisational factors in bringing about the necessary change for the move to e-Government. The potential of the three-dimensional maturity model for developing appropriate strategies and plans for a transition to eGovernment is evidenced in the case studies. At Sabratha and Rujban local authorities, processes are generally not well developed, although in terms of technology deployment and organisational capability, there are some processes which have a reasonable basis from which to move forward. It is clear, however, that process maturity is generally weak in the local authorities studied, and this area needs appropriate focus and investment to allow the authorities to transition to an eGovernment in a planned and effective manner.
Care, Control, and Color: A Conversation About Disparities in School Disciplinary Practices
Authors: Wandix-White Diana
Published: December 2020

Disciplinary practices teachers use in their classrooms frequently result in life-altering consequences for students who are historically marginalized and struggling to meet normalized standards of academic success. Research suggests teachers often lack the skill needed to connect with students, manage their classrooms, and administer corrective action that is equitable, reasonable, and effective without being excessive and detrimental to the student’s future. This disconnection and lack of judgment is frequently attributed to 1) the cultural mismatch that exists between the majority U.S. teacher who is a young, White female, and the growing diverse population of students; 2) teachers’ deficit view of students of color, their families and communities; and 3) deficient pre-service teacher training that does not equip future teachers with the culturally relevant pedagogical skills needed to meet the needs of today’s students. Employing the qualitative research methods of interactive interviewing and parallel stories, an African American, veteran teacher and a young, White pre-service teacher explore the topic of disciplinary practices at the intersection of race, ethnicity, and a classroom culture of care in the k-12 U.S. classroom.
Caves, Liminality, and the Sun in the Inca World
Authors: Gullberg Steven R. , Malville J. McKim
Published: December 2020

Caves were liminal features of the Inca sacred landscape, connecting this world with the underworld. They were places for making contact with ancestors and the powers of creation. In this paper we examine caves in southeastern Peru for solar orientations and cosmological context, with recourse to the concept of liminality that appears central to cave use. The cave within Kenko Grande has ceremonial steps adjacent to an altar upon which sunlight climbs at midday in June. A rear entrance and altar are illuminated at the time of the solar equinox sunrises. Lacco has three caves which have one solsticial orientation and two light-tubes. A primary opening in the cave at Lanlakuyok faces sunrise at the time of the equinoxes. Tambomachay contains a major fountain and a cave with a platform oriented to December solstice sunrise. Rumiwasi Bajo contains a number of niches and a nine-meter-long passageway oriented close to the June solstice sunset, while the other door opens to December solstice sunrise. Choquequilla is a complex cave opening to December solstice sunrise. The Royal Mausoleum is one of the major shrines of Machu Picchu and opens to June solstice sunrise. Intimachay is a cave with a constructed opening for the December solstice sunrise. The Temple of the Condor contains a cave approximately open to the anti-zenith sunrise. The Gran Caverna includes both an upper and a lower cave oriented for June solstice sunset. There are two caves at the River Intihuatana that, while part of an astronomically oriented complex, don’t have solstitial nor equinoctial orientations, nor do they have interior carvings. We end the paper by considering the role of caves and liminality in Inca cosmology.
Collective and Democratic Experiments in the Politics of Knowledge in Britain since 1968:
Authors: Gwinn Ian
Published: December 2020

The tumultuous events of 1968 had a profound and lasting impact on society, culture and politics on a global scale. In Britain, the effects of the upswing in radicalism were powerfully registered in developments and departures in cultural and intellectual life. Recent contributions to the history of the intellectual Left during this period, including the traditions of the New Left, cultural studies, and feminism, have documented many of the decisive shifts in theoretical outlooks and thematic focus. Less frequently acknowledged, however, has been the formation of a distinctive ‘politics of knowledge’, which contested established hierarchies and norms of academic work through forms of collective and democratic practice. This article argues that this project was a decisive outcome and achievement of the post-68 conjuncture, becoming part of a much broader democratising front in the 1970s and 80s that centred upon sites of cultural and intellectual expression. The key features of this alternative apparatus of intellectual production are explored in the context of the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, History Workshop, and the scholarly endeavours of second-wave feminism, which paid critical attention to the possibilities, tensions and open contradictions intrinsic to this way of combining politics and intellectual practice.