bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with low back pain in ready-made garments workers in Bangladesh
Authors: Mithy Samme Akter , Hossain Shohal , Afroz Sadia
Published: August 2024

Objectives

Low back pain (LBP) is an increasingly prevalent work-related condition that affects workers in manufacturing in Dhaka, Bangladesh, which often causes disability or additional problems when doing demanding physical duties. This study focused on the risk factors for LBP in the context of workers with LBP who work in the ready-made garment (RMG) factories.

Methods and materials

A cross-sectional study involved 385 RMG workers, all of whom were adults with ≥ 1 year of work job experience and who typically worked in a sitting position. We use surveys method for collecting data, and a standardized questionnaire covering sociodemographic, pain, work, associated effects, and activities, as well as risk factor-related variables, was used. To evaluate the associations among categorical variables and LBP, we used the chi-square test. To identify the variables that showed strong relationships with LBP, multivariable logistic regression analysis was also carried out.

Results

The participant’s age (mean ± SD) is 31.27 ± 6.94. One-hundred ninety-four of the 385 participants between the ages of 30–39 years (23.9%) suffered from LBP and statistically strongly significant (χ2 = 15.187, p < 0.05). BMI, employment pattern, and specific work experience are also strongly significant. Out of all risk factors, age 40 and above (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.53–17.78), overweight (BMI >  = 25 kg/m2) (OR 10.72, 95% CI 2.16–53.5), work in an awkward position, stationary position for ling time, working beyond physical ability, incorrectly using body mechanics, repeated twisting and bending, continuously longtime sitting, and using ergonomically improper tools were found to be significantly associated with LBP.

Conclusion

The point prevalence of LBP among RMG workers is 41.6%. Only male gender is associated with the presence of LBP. This study showed that working in an awkward position, stationary position for a long time, incorrectly using body mechanics, repeated twisting, and bending had significant associations with LBP. Training programs that instruct proper weight-bearing skills should be encouraged by factories. The occurrence of LBP must also be reduced by regularly performing screening activities to detect it, with a special focus on married people, overweight or obese, and older-aged people.
Another Language: The Relationship between War and Politics in Ernst Jünger’s Early Political Writings
Authors: Pankakoski Timo
Published: August 2024

This article analyzes the linguistic means Ernst Jünger employed to construct the relationship between war and politics in his early political writings. These include military metaphors, the topos of transferring elements from war to politics, depicting politics as the continuation of war by other means, the opposition of pen and sword, and the topos of “another language.” Jünger relied on expressions from Carl von Clausewitz yet inverted Clausewitz’s arguments, considering war the primary category even in peace. He “temporalized” the quasi-Clausewitzian continuity thesis, arguing that nationalistic politics should be merely an extension of World War I violence. His interrelated arguments downplayed the differences between war and politics, indirectly justifying political violence. Given Jünger’s explicit rejection of any characteristically political means, we should read him as a military thinker calling for the continuation of war by the same means, rather than as a theorist of autonomous politics. This is a rhetorically constructed and self-imposed problem, resulting from his chosen argumentative framework.
Melanocyte lineage dynamics in development, growth and disease
Authors: Brombin Alessandro , Patton E. Elizabeth
Published: August 2024

Melanocytes evolved to produce the melanin that gives colour to our hair, eyes and skin. The melanocyte lineage also gives rise to melanoma, the most lethal form of skin cancer. The melanocyte lineage differentiates from neural crest cells during development, and most melanocytes reside in the skin and hair, where they are replenished by melanocyte stem cells. Because the molecular mechanisms necessary for melanocyte specification, migration, proliferation and differentiation are co-opted during melanoma initiation and progression, studying melanocyte development is directly relevant to human disease. Here, through the lens of advances in cellular omic and genomic technologies, we review the latest findings in melanocyte development and differentiation, and how these developmental pathways become dysregulated in disease.
Crossover in conflicting youth cultures
Authors: Ανεσιάδης Αλέξανδρος-Γεώργιος
Published: August 2024

Σε αυτό το διδακτορικό, εξετάζεται και αναλύεται η προοπτική της διασταύρωσης μεταξύ της πανκ και χέβι μέταλ μουσικής κουλτούρας στο Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο κατά τη διάρκεια της εποχής διακυβέρνησης της Θάτσερ. Η έρευνα βασίζεται στη διασταύρωση μεταξύ του πανκ και του χέβι μέταλ και περιλαμβάνει την στιχουργική, μουσική, εικονογραφική/οπτική ανάλυση και των δύο ειδών και τον τρόπο αλληλεπίδρασης των συγκροτημάτων και των δύο ειδών, στηρίζοντας την έρευνα στο κοινωνικό και πολιτικό πλαίσιο της εποχής της διακυβέρνησης της Θάτσερ (1979-1990). Εισάγοντας την έρευνα, λαμβάνουν χώρα οι ορισμοί του «Πολιτισμού», των «Νεανικών Πολιτισμών», της «Διασταύρωσης» και της «Σύγκρουσης», προκειμένου να δημιουργηθεί το υπόβαθρο. Ως εκ τούτου, δίνονται οι παραλλαγές των ορισμών της κουλτούρας, εξετάζεται η ιστορία των νεανικών κουλτουρών στο Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο (προπολεμικά και μεταπολεμικά), καθώς και το crossover και οι παραλλαγές του, ενώ αναφέρονται τα διάφορα είδη σύγκρουσης. Στη συνέχεια, γίνεται μια παρουσίαση των περιπτώσεων των αντικρουόμενων υποκουλτούρων του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου (rockers vs mods, skinheads), πριν αναλυθούν περιπτώσεις σύγκρουσης και αλληλεπίδρασης στο punk και το heavy metal που θα μπορούσαν να βρεθούν στην παγκόσμια ιστορία αυτών των δύο υποκουλτούρων. Η διασταύρωση μεταξύ πανκ και χέβι μέταλ υπήρχε επίσης ταυτόχρονα παγκοσμίως (μαζί με το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο), με την περίπτωση των ΗΠΑ να είναι η πρώτη που εμφανίστηκε αυτή, με συγκροτήματα που εμφάνισαν επιρροές και από τα δύο είδη μουσικής (όπως οι MC5, οι Blue Cheer, οι The Stooges) ή μπάντες που συνδύασαν πρώτα αυτά τα μουσικά είδη (όπως οι Runaways και οι The Dictators) και ο λόγος που αυτό το crossover εξετάζεται επίσης παγκοσμίως είναι να παρουσιάσει γεγονότα σύγκρουσης, καθώς και αμοιβαίες μουσικές/στιχουργικές/οπτικές προσεγγίσεις που μοιράστηκαν κοινά με το crossover στο Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο. Για να εδραιωθούν στη συνέχεια οι ορισμοί του πανκ και του χέβι μέταλ, γίνεται μια ενδελεχής ανάλυση της εικονογραφικής/οπτικής, της μουσικής και της στιχουργικής κατάστασης και των δύο μουσικών ειδών, παρουσιάζοντας και αναλύοντας αντιπροσωπευτικά παραδείγματα και των δύο ειδών σε κάθε περίπτωση. Τέλος, εξετάζεται και αναλύεται το κοινωνικό και πολιτικό πλαίσιο σε εκείνη την περίοδο (1979-1990) όπου εντοπίζονται αναφορές (σε στιχουργικούς και εικονιστικούς όρους) συγκροτημάτων και από τα δύο είδη μουσικής και εξετάζονται και συνδέονται με το κοινωνικό/ιστορικό υπόβαθρο παρουσιάζοντας ταυτόχρονα μια ολιστική διασταύρωση μεταξύ των μουσικών ειδών. Η ανάλυση της έρευνας βασίζεται ανάλογα στα θέματα: Ανεργία, Αποξένωση και Ανομία, Φόβος του Πυρηνικού Πολέμου, Κυνήγι Αλεπούς και Αντιαμερικανισμός.
Οιδίποδας και Ιοκάστη. Εικόνες πριν και μετά την τύφλωση
Authors: Παπουτσής Γεώργιος
Published: August 2024

Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή συμπεριλαμβάνονται: 1) το μουσικό θέατρο Οιδιπόδειο Σέλας (Project I), 2) το χορόδραμα Οιδιπόδειο Σέλας (Project ΙΙ), 3) το θεωρητικό υπόμνημα που συνοδεύει τα δύο έργα. Βασικός άξονας της πρωτότυπης μουσικής σύνθεσης είναι αφενός η αναζήτηση της έννοιας του τραγικού μέσα από τη σχέση Οιδίποδα – Ιοκάστης κι αφετέρου η μεταφορά αυτής της φιλοσοφικής προδιάθεσης στο μουσικό υλικό και στην σκηνική δράση. Το πρώτο σκηνικό μουσικό δρώμενο, διάρκειας ογδόντα ενός λεπτών, χωρισμένο σε δύο πράξεις, εμπεριέχει όλα εκείνα τα στοιχεία που αφορούν στο σύγχρονο μουσικό θέατρο και το καθιστούν ένα είδος ζωντανό και συνεχώς εξελίξιμο. Είναι γραμμένο για ενόργανο σύνολο, τις φωνές των κύριων ρόλων, τετράφωνη μικτή χορωδία, και συμμετέχουν ένας αφηγητής, ένας άνδρας χορευτής (ο ρόλος του Οιδίποδα) και ομάδα τριών γυναικών χορευτριών. Το δεύτερο δρώμενο, διάρκειας σαράντα λεπτών, είναι ένα χορόδραμα σε τέσσερα μέρη, το οποίο αντλεί όλο το μουσικό υλικό από το πρώτο έργο, αλλά πρόκειται για τέσσερα σόλο έγχορδα με ηλεκτρονικά. Το μουσικό υλικό στηρίζεται σε δύο κολόνες, η μία είναι αυτή του συγκερασμένου κουρδίσματος των μουσικών οργάνων και η δεύτερη του ηχογραφημένου ηλεκτρονικού υλικού που κινείται σε μη συγκερασμένες συχνότητες και έχει δομηθεί από ένα αυτόνομο σύστημα βασισμένο στους λόγους συχνοτήτων (ratios) μεταξύ κάποιων επιλεγμένων σχέσεων εντός της αρμονικής στήλης. Στην εργασία που συνοδεύει τα δύο έργα, γίνεται αναφορά στον μύθο του Οιδίποδα, την έννοια του τραγικού και την μεταβλητότητά του ανά ιστορική περίοδο. Επίσης πριν την ανάλυση των δύο έργων, εστιάζεται η προσοχή στον τρόπο που αντιμετώπισαν τα τραγικά συμβάντα στον Οιδίποδα, τέσσερις συνθέτες του 20ού αι.: ο Georges Enescu, ο Igor Stravinsky, ο Θεόδωρος Αντωνίου και ο Wolfgang Rihm. Κατόπιν επισημαίνονται τα κριτήρια επιλογής τους και οι κοινές ή διαφορετικές προσεγγίσεις με το δικό μου έργο. Η σύνθεση των δύο έργων πραγματεύεται – μέσω της συγχώνευσης διαφορετικών πηγών μουσικού υλικού και της ενσωμάτωσης και διάδρασης διαφόρων παραστατικών τεχνών – την προοπτική αναζήτησης των εκφάνσεων που καθιστούν τον Οιδίποδα οδοιπόρο στο κύλισμα των αιώνων.
Case Report: Rare case of Cutaneous Metastasis of Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma.
Authors: Al-Abdulla Mohammed Nasser , Koshy Shieja Mary , Alhyassat Samir Abdulghani , Al Mahmoud Badria , Al-Malki Aysha
Published: August 2024

Follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) is the second most common differentiated thyroid cancer, accounting for approximately 10–15% of all thyroid cancers. Skin metastasis is rare, and only 30 cases have been documented as of 1997. Here, we present a rare case of cutaneous metastasis of follicular thyroid carcinoma with clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological findings as well as an ongoing management plan. The rarity of this disease often presents diagnostic difficulties, and in this case report, we highlight the challenges and methods to address them.
Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing and cross platform messaging application in improving oral health knowledge, attitude and behaviours among pregnant women- A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Basheer N Amitha , Jodalli Praveen , Gowdar Inderjit Murugendrappa , Almalki Sultan Abdulrahman
Published: August 2024

Background Body goes through significant hormonal and physiological changes during pregnancy, which could be linked to changes in oral health. Many women are unaware of the negative consequences of poor dental health during and after pregnancy, both for themselves and their children. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing (MI) and cross platform messaging application (WhatsApp messenger) for oral health education on the oral health knowledge, attitude and behaviours among pregnant women attending ante natal care. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 84 pregnant women. Simple random sampling was employed to select participants after oral examination. Participants were randomly allocated to two groups (Group 1: Cross-platform messaging application [WhatsApp]; Group 2: MI) using a lottery method. Pregnant women aged 18 years and older, gestational age between 8 and 30 weeks were included. A face-to-face interview and oral examination were conducted to assess baseline knowledge and oral hygiene status. A follow-up examination was conducted after one month of intervention. Inferential statistics, including the chi-square test and independent t-test, were used to compare variables between the two groups. Results The mean knowledge score at baseline was comparable between Group 1 (WhatsApp) and Group 2 (MI). However, post-intervention, Group 2 showed a significantly higher mean knowledge score compared to Group 1. Post-intervention, Group 2 exhibited a significantly better oral hygiene status compared to Group 1. Significant improvements in oral health behaviours were observed in Group 2 compared to Group 1 (p < 0.001). Conclusions The findings suggested that while both interventions were effective, MI showed superior results in improving knowledge, oral hygiene status, and oral health behaviours. The personalized and client-centred approach of MI enables participants to explore and resolve ambivalence, promoting a deeper understanding of the importance of oral health during pregnancy. Registration: CTRI (CTRI/2021/09/036407, 10/09/2021).
Samodzielność podziemnego lokalu garażowego (wybrane zagadnienia)
Authors: Kucharski Krzysztof
Published: August 2024

Przedmiot analizy w niniejszym artykule stanowi problematyka spełnienia przez parking podziemny przesłanek samodzielności lokalu w rozumieniu ustawy o własności lokali. W pierwszej części artykułu odniesiono się do kwestii możliwości uznania parkingu podziemnego za budynek w rozumieniu Prawa budowlanego, w drugiej zaś do kwestii uznania lokalu garażowego za odrębny lokal użytkowy. W szczególności uwzględniono sytuację, w której inwestor występuje o zaświadczenie o samodzielności więcej niż jednego lokalu w budynku, a dodatkowo pomiędzy lokalami przewidywana jest możliwość przejścia i przejazdu.
Koniec życia małżonka z perspektywy kanonicznego prawa małżeńskiego
Authors: Rakoczy Bartosz
Published: August 2024

Koniec życia małżonka jako zdarzenie prawne ma w prawie kanonicznym szczególne znaczenie. W istocie bowiem koniec życia współmałżonka w przypadku małżeństwa ważnie zawartego i dopełnionego jest jedyną okolicznością powodującą ustanie węzła małżeńskiego. Stąd też prawodawca kościelny do zakończenia życia współmałżonka przywiązuje dużą wagę. Jak dowiedziono, z punktu widzenia prawa kanonicznego sposób zakończenia życia przez małżonka ma znaczenie. Dotyczy to sytuacji małżonkobójstwa. Wprawdzie śmierć w wyniku małżonkobójstwa rozwiązuje węzeł małżeński, ale ten z małżonków, który pozostał przy życiu, nie może skorzystać na takiej sytuacji. Stąd też ustanowiono przeszkodę małżonkobójstwa. Koniec życia współmałżonka ma tak istotne znaczenie, że prawodawca kościelny w razie wątpliwości co do tego, czy taki koniec rzeczywiście nastąpił, przewidział stosowne postępowanie. Postępowanie to wszczyna się w przypadku braku autentycznego świeckiego lub kościelnego dokumentu potwierdzającego śmierć współmałżonka. Deklaracja biskupa diecezjalnego, wydana po uzyskaniu przez niego pewności moralnej, zastępuje taki dokument. Należy zaznaczyć, że do czasu wydania takiej deklaracji osoba małżonka pozostała przy życiu jest związana węzłem małżeńskim.
Referendum lokalne jako (alternatywna) forma partycypacji społecznej w ochronie środowiska – studium przypadku instalacji termicznego przekształcania odpadów komunalnych
Authors: Starzyk Szymon
Published: August 2024

Transpozycją Konwencji z Aarhus wprowadzono do krajowego systemu prawnego rozwiązania, mające zagwarantować udział społeczeństwa w skonkretyzowanych postępowaniach w zakresie ochrony środowiska. W związku z brakiem ich waloru wiążącego w praktyce wykorzystuje się coraz częściej instytucję referendum lokalnego. Przykładem jest referendum przeprowadzane w sprawie instalacji termicznego przekształcania odpadów komunalnych. Taka inwestycja jest bowiem poprzedzana oceną oddziaływania przedsięwzięcia na środowisko, która wymaga partycypacji społecznej. Analiza porównawcza poszczególnych wyników referendów lokalnych odbywających się w ostatnich latach prowadzi do wniosków, że rzadko są one wiążące. Powodem tego są ustawowe wymagania osiągnięcia m.in. ściśle określonej frekwencji, co skutkuje uznawaniem głosowań za nieważne. Jednocześnie należy zauważyć, że mała liczba przeprowadzanych referendów ma związek z niemożliwym wyeliminowaniem powiązanych z nimi dodatkowych wydatków dla poszczególnych jednostek samorządu terytorialnego. W niniejszej publikacji autor pragnie przedstawić propozycje działań innego rodzaju, które w połączeniu z konwencyjnymi instrumentami mogą efektywniej oddziaływać na planowanie inwestycji mających wpływ na środowisko. W pracy nad artykułem została wykorzystana metoda dogmatyczno-prawna.
Śmierć wskutek wypadku przy pracy lub choroby zawodowej rencisty, który był uprawniony do renty z ubezpieczenia wypadkowego. Glosa częściowo aprobująca do uchwały Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 14 grudnia 2022 r., III UZP 4/22
Authors: Napiórkowska Anna
Published: August 2024

W uchwale Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 14 grudnia 2022 r. przyjęto, że członkom rodziny przysługuje jednorazowe odszkodowanie także w razie śmierci wskutek wypadku przy pracy lub choroby zawodowej rencisty mającego ustalone w decyzji organu rentowego prawo do renty z tytułu niezdolności do pracy na podstawie przepisów ustawy o emeryturach i rentach z Funduszu Ubezpieczeń Społecznych, który spełniał ustawowe przesłanki do przyznania mu prawa do renty w związku z wypadkiem przy pracy lub chorobą zawodową. Sąd Najwyższy wyraził przekonujące stanowisko, że pojęcie rencisty, który był uprawniony do renty z ubezpieczenia wypadkowego, obejmuje także taką osobę, która miała ustalone prawo do renty z tzw. ogólnego stanu zdrowia i spełniała (in abstracto) warunki prawa do renty wypadkowej. Nie jest natomiast – zdaniem autorki glosy – do końca przekonująca metoda dojścia przez Sąd Najwyższy do wskazanego rozstrzygnięcia.
Właściwość organu do przyjęcia zawiadomienia o zbyciu pojazdu. Glosa do postanowienia Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z dnia 1 grudnia 2020 r., I OW 97/20
Authors: Przychodzki Michał
Published: August 2024

Celem artykułu jest analiza zagadnienia związanego z właściwością organu do przyjęcia zawiadomienia o zbyciu pojazdu. Obowiązek każdorazowego zgłaszania zbycia pojazdu wynika z art. 78 ust. 2 ustawy prawo o ruchu drogowym. Rozważania prowadzone w artykule dotyczą również administracyjnej kary pieniężnej związanej z niezgłoszeniem przez obowiązany podmiot zbycia pojazdu, w ustawowym terminie 30 dni. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono praktyce stosowania omawianych przepisów, które dla sporej grupy podmiotów, związanych z branżą motoryzacyjną, rodzą problemy natury organizacyjnej, wynikającej z dużej skali prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej. W artykule krytycznie oceniono rozstrzygnięcie Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego, które spowodowało problemy zarówno po stronie podmiotów zgłaszających zbycie pojazdu, jak i po stronie organów, które takie zgłoszenia przyjmują. W podsumowaniu autor przedstawił odmienne rozwiązanie problemu zawisłego przed Naczelnym Sądem Administracyjnym, opierające się na gruncie obowiązujących przepisów ustawy.
Application of Milkfish Bone-Based Gelatin as an Alternative to Non-halal Gelatin
Authors: Setyabudi Latif , Pambudi Alfian Wisnu , Gunawan Setiyo
Published: August 2024

Collagen partially hydrolyzes to produce gelatin that functions as a gelling and non-gelling agent for various industries. Currently, Indonesia cannot produce its own gelatin, so to meet its needs, Indonesia imports 100%. However, many imported gelatins are still made from pork, so they need to be replaced to ensure that the gelatin is halal . This paper discusses the substitution of pork-based gelatin with milkfish bones. The general process for making gelatin from milkfish bones involves extracting, drying, demineralizing, degreasing, and determining the gelatin yield. Brackish water fish collagen, including milkfish, contains approximately 12–14 kDa parvalbumin, suggesting the potential for allergic reactions among consumers. Meanwhile, the critical point for halal gelatin extracted from milkfish bones is the origin of the milkfish bones and the use of citric acid as an extractor. Although there are still weaknesses, gelatin from milkfish can replace pork-based gelatin, and it can have a positive impact on the Indonesian economy by reducing gelatin imports.
‘The building blocks to develop essential skills’
Authors: Guscott Sarah
Published: August 2024

In the first article of a new series, Sarah Guscot, Higher Education Practice tutor and lecturer at University Centre Peterborough, shares more about sensory processing, how important it is for infants, and her research into this area.
Moments of play
Authors: Willis Richard
Published: August 2024

Richard Willis, visiting professor at the University of South Wales, reviews a book which features activities that help practitioners and parents make the most of play to support babies’ physical, cognitive and emotional development
Farms, fog & food
Authors: Barclay Meg
Published: August 2024

Education consultant and early years reviewer for the School Library Association, Meg Barclay, reviews books which teach children about farms through nursery rhymes, about how to build resilience, and introduce children to healthy foods and recipes
UK prehospital practitioners' knowledge of heat-related illness and heatstroke
Authors: Griffen Harry , Walter Edward
Published: August 2024

Background:

Heat-related illness is commonly seen in individuals undergoing physical exercise or exertion (exertional heat illness) and those exposed to high ambient temperatures, for example in heatwaves (classic heat illness). While severe heat-related illness, including heatstroke, requires urgent recognition and treatment to minimise morbidity and mortality, little is known about prehospital practitioners' knowledge of the condition.

Aims:

This study aimed to assess UK prehospital practitioners' knowledge of recognition, treatment and risks of heat-related illness.

Methods:

An online questionnaire was disseminated to UK prehospital practitioners.

Findings and conclusions:

Some aspects, such as the criteria for diagnosis and the need for urgent treatment were generally well known. Other areas, such as risk of mortality and risk of complications and organ dysfunction, were less well known. Further education and awareness of this condition may be warranted.
Repetitive combined doses of bacteriophages and gentamicin protect against Staphylococcus aureus implant-related infections in Galleria mellonella
Authors: Mannala Gopala K. , Rupp Markus , Walter Nike , Youf Raphaelle , Bärtl Susanne , Riool Martijn , Alt Volker
Published: August 2024

Aims

Bacteriophages infect, replicate inside bacteria, and are released from the host through lysis. Here, we evaluate the effects of repetitive doses of the Staphylococcus aureus phage 191219 and gentamicin against haematogenous and early-stage biofilm implant-related infections in Galleria mellonella.

Methods

For the haematogenous infection, G. mellonella larvae were implanted with a Kirschner wire (K-wire), infected with S. aureus, and subsequently phages and/or gentamicin were administered. For the early-stage biofilm implant infection, the K-wires were pre-incubated with S. aureus suspension before implantation. After 24 hours, the larvae received phages and/or gentamicin. In both models, the larvae also received daily doses of phages and/or gentamicin for up to five days. The effect was determined by survival analysis for five days and quantitative culture of bacteria after two days of repetitive doses.

Results

In the haematogenous infection, a single combined dose of phages and gentamicin, and repetitive injections with gentamicin or in combination with phages, resulted in significantly improved survival rates. In the early-stage biofilm infection, only repetitive combined administration of phages and gentamicin led to a significantly increased survival. Additionally, a significant reduction in number of bacteria was observed in the larvae after receiving repetitive doses of phages and/or gentamicin in both infection models.

Conclusion

Based on our results, a single dose of the combination of phages and gentamicin is sufficient to prevent a haematogenous S. aureus implant-related infection, whereas gentamicin needs to be administered daily for the same effect. To treat early-stage S. aureus implant-related infection, repetitive doses of the combination of phages and gentamicin are required.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(8):383–391.
Data-driven correction for the masking model of Smith
Authors: Tamisier Elsa , Ribardière Mickaël , Meneveaux Daniel , Horna Sébastien , Poulin Pierre
Published: August 2024

To render realistic material appearances, physically based models often rely on the microfacet theory. These models require several parameters that drive the distribution of microfacet orientations, their reflectance, and a geometric attenuation factor. The latter accounts for self-masking and self-shadowing; it must be managed carefully when physical plausibility is required. The masking term proposed by Smith [IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 15, 668 (1967)IETPAK0018-926X10.1109/TAP.1967.1138991] is widely used for its accuracy when employed with theoretical distributions. However, it does not ensure exactness when compared with the masking of measured microsurfaces. We have conducted an in-depth study of the error associated with isotropic roughnesses, based on a ray-casting measurement with mesh-based surfaces. This article proposes a correction function that can be added to the theoretical masking term at a very low computation cost while bringing the masking closer to the ground truth. Our correction term is built from a linear combination of two Johnson SB distributions, parameterized according to statistical features of the microsurface. We show that the resulting masking term always reduces the error when compared to the original Smith term alone. This improvement is illustrated in the whole bidirectional reflectance functions with rendered images.
Ultra-low reflection of sub-THz waves in graphene-based composite with metasurface for stealth technology
Authors: Sobczyk Artur , Filak-Mędoń Karolina , Kowalczyk Adam , Suszek Jarosław , Zdrojek Mariusz , Sypek Maciej
Published: August 2024

Sub-wavelength metasurfaces offer opportunities to develop efficient stealth technologies that are increasingly significant in modern civil and military applications. Here, we demonstrate that a highly efficient flexible graphene-based composite sub-THz radiation absorber can also act as an ultra-low reflection material with reflectivity as low as 0.12%. To enable this, we employ a surface modification of the composite with periodic shapes designed to harness the sub-wave low reflection mechanism for a given frequency - at 96.9 GHz that is within the range of the atmospheric radio window. The terahertz goniometric system measurements show that the fabricated metasurface works for terahertz waves with two polarization directions (S and P) and exhibits material characteristics with polarization independence. Our work offers an alternative approach for designing and fabricating a flexible metasurface for efficient antireflection and stealth application.
Mechanism and empirical evidence on new-type urbanization to narrow the urban–rural income gap: Evidence from China’s provincial data
Authors: Zhao Na
Published: August 2024

The main component of China’s income gap is the urban–rural income gap, which is largely affected by urbanization. It is worth studying how new-type urbanization affects the income gap between urban and rural areas. Research mostly focuses on the urbanization rate as the core explanatory variable to explain the impact using one or two factors. This paper analyzes the mechanism of the effect using a comprehensive number of factors, with the quality of new-type urbanization development as the core explanatory variable. In terms of theoretical research, we believe that new-type urbanization affects the urban–rural income gap by promoting the transfer of labor, changing industrial structure, and policy tendency. Using both static and dynamic empirical analyses, we test the impact of new-type urbanization on the urban–rural income gap based on China’s provincial data. We find that new-type urbanization is conducive to narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas. The transfer of labor significantly reduces the urban–rural income gap. However, the upgrading of industrial structure will enlarge the gap. The impact of China’s policy orientation is negligible. Policy should focus on promoting urbanization and improving the marginal rate of return of agriculture, improve the level of human capital, reverse the mismatch between employment structure and industrial structure, increase support for rural areas, and make substantial progress in promoting common prosperity.
Evaluation of COVID-19 rapid antigen test against polymerase chain reaction test in immunocompromised patients
Authors: Sabateen Ali , Sadaqa Dana , Nino Taleen , Zaghal Ghayd , Qumsieh George , Fakhori Reena , Rjoub Hammam , Taha Tahreer , Zghari Rami , Abu Hanieh Sari , Al-Basha Duaa , Qabaja Marwan , Alsaid Hamza , Hindiyeh Musa Y.
Published: August 2024

On the 11th of March 2020, the world faced a new global pandemic, COVID-19 which is a disease caused by the novel coronavirus, it had multiple devastating outcomes on multiple sectors along with significant rates of mortality. These challenges encouraged the development of multiple testing methods, as well as anti-viral medications such as Molnupiravir, as well as evaluating the efficacy of available medications against it, like; Azithromycin, Ritonavir and Hydroxychloroquine. Vaccination against COVID-19 forged into a significant challenge, few months ensuing the first case of SARS-CoV-2, which was diagnosed in December 2019, in Wuhan-China, thus, multiple vaccines were approved for use around the world to combat this pandemic. Our study includes a sample of 556 oncology patients at Augusta Victoria Hospital in Jerusalem, all patients were tested using Panbio rapid antigen test and Allplex PCR Assay. The main objective was to study the sensitivity and specificity of Rapid antigen test, which contributes to a faster isolation call and management of infected patients, thus decreasing the risk on spread to other patients and health care. Patients were categorized based on two factors: Ct range and age group and studying their possible effect on false-negative results. Patients with Ct value less than 20, had the highest detection rate which is consistent with other studies in the literature. The sensitivity and specificity of Panbio Rapid Antigen testing were of 69.9% and 100%, respectively. A correlation between age group and false negative results could not be made, but a correlation between Ct value and false negative result was noticed, Ct value was directly related to false negative results. P-value of 0.007 indicated that results were statistically significant where PCR test is considered more sensitive compared to rapid antigen test.
Trend and determinants of minimum dietary diversity consumption change among children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia from 2011 to 2019: A multivariate decomposition analysis
Authors: Endawkie Abel , Asmare Lakew , Alemu Hiwot Tadesse , Geberu Demiss Mulatu , Hagos Asebe , Jejaw Melak , Abera Kaleab Mesfin , Tiruneh Misganawu Guadie , Demissie Kaleb Assegid , Tsega Yawkal , Yeshambel Belay Adina , Negash Wubshet Debebe , Workie Amare Mesfin , Yohannes Lamrot , Getnet Mihret , Worku Nigusu
Published: August 2024

Background

Sustainable Development Goals 2 target 2.2 aimed to end all forms of malnutrition by 2030. However, the prevalence of inadequate minimum dietary diversity (MDD) is high in Ethiopia and the evidence of trends and determinants of MDD consumption change among children over time is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to determine trends and determinants of MDD consumption change among children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia from 2011–2019 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data.

Method

The study used the data on nationally representative weighted samples of 6,971, 7,467, and 3,154 children aged 6–23 months from the 2011, 2016, and 2019 rounds of the DHS. Trend and Multivariate Decomposition analysis was conducted to determine MDD consumption change from 2011–2016, and 2016–2019 into two components: one that was explained by differences in the level of the determinants (endowment), and the other component was explained by differences in the effect of the covariates on the outcome (coefficient effects).

Result

The trends analysis showed that adequate MDD consumption significantly increased from 2% to 10.41% from 2011 to 2016 but decreased from 10.41% to 7.11% from 2016 to 2019 in Ethiopia. The compositional and behavioral change factors like maternal age, occupational status of parents, sex of the household head, wealth index, residence, and sex of child statistically contributed to changes in MDD consumption from 2011 to 2016, and from 2016 to 2019 at p-value <0.05.

Conclusion

The trend of minimum dietary diversity consumption among children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia increased from 2011–2016 and decreased from 2016–2019 in the last decade. The study revealed that the changes in behavioral response and population composition contributed to MDD consumption change among children in Ethiopia. The finding highlights the urgent need for targeted interventions and policies to address the issue of MDD consumption change among young children due to population structure changes like wealth status, residence, and behavioral response related to employment, household head, and sex of the child in Ethiopia. Therefore, efforts should be geared to reduce poverty and improve maternal employment status, particularly for women, by producing equitable economic opportunities.
Digital Tourism Marketing:
Authors: CARDOSO DA SILVA GUTEMBERG , RAMOS VARGAS JOANE , PIVA DE CARVALHO ANDRE LUIZ
Published: August 2024

This research analyzes digital tourism marketing on the Instagram pages of receptiveagencies in Praia da Pipa, a tourist destination located along the coastline in the municipality ofTibaú do Sul, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, seen as a marketing action that brings togethera set of strategies to promote and sell tourism products. The aims of the investigation are toascertain the knowledge and strategies used by the four enterprises that were the focus of theresearch, the graphic and editorial quality of the posts, as well as their effectiveness in terms ofmarketing promotion. As a theoretical basis, this research draws on contributions from authorssuch as Kotler (2011; 2007), Rejowski (2007), Perussi (2007), Pantulfi (2021), among others. Themethodology applied is qualitative in nature and combines bibliographical readings, interviewswith the owners of the selected receptive agencies, and netnographic investigations into theirposts in order to contextualize their graphic and editorial quality using content analysis, as wellas their results in terms of customer engagement and sales. We conclude that the amount ofinvestment and effort made by Pipa's receptive agencies in their digital tourism marketing isproportional to the quality and results of the strategies put into practice.
Palavras-chave: Marketing Turístico; Marketing Digital; Receptivo; Praia da Pipa.
A disszimuláció haszna és használata
Authors: Czakó András István
Published: August 2024

The dissimulation had become an essential element in the early modern period’s political communication, which concept meant the hiding or postponement of an ulterior motive. For this reason my aim is the interpretation of the communication between the Hungarian Palatine, Miklós Esterházy and the Transylvanian Prince, Gábor Bethlen, in the aspect of dissimulation and its lessons, shortterm consequences. This type of communication implied legitimation to Gábor Bethlen’s military campaign in 1626, on the other hand Miklós Esterházy could not use this method to impact on the prince’s military efforts. This study enucleates the importance of the appropriate use of political communication, which was a key factor in the political elite’s interactions at this time. The communicational mistakes extremely paid off and determined the quality of the local dignitaries relationship.
Györgyey László tevékenysége az Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia diplomáciai testületében
Authors: Németh Csaba
Published: August 2024

László Györgyey (originally called Táfler) was born in 1864 in Pest, a member of the fourth generation of a Jewish merchant family of Moravian descent, who settled in Hungary and found his vocation in the diplomatic service of the foreign missions of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. After serving as consul in several countries on behalf of the Common Foreign Office, he was taken over by Hungary after the dissolution of the Monarchy, where he worked for several years as ambassador extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary. In recognition of his diplomatic activities, which were always of a high standard and carried out with a refined diplomatic flair, he received numerous state honours from the leaders of the countries where he served and from the monarch of the Monarchy. In 1922, he was forced to retire under rather undignified circumstances, citing redundancies, after which he tried to find useful employment in Hungarian political life. He was a member of the István Tisza Society until the end of his life and was a regular visitor to legitimist events. He died unmarried in 1944, with no descendants by blood. He had only one daughter, whom he adopted as an adult.
A római villa koncepciója ifjabb Plinius és Lucius Columella írásaiban
Authors: Ormos Bálint
Published: August 2024

For Pliny the Younger, who considered country villas to be comfortable homes, the profitability of landed estates was also important. And the link between estates and villas was taken for granted in the antique author’s own time, since ancient villas functioned not only as residences but also as estate centres. Pliny the Younger was mindful of the views of the agricultural writers who preceded him, such as Cato the Elder, Marcus Varro and Lucius Columella, on the purchase of an estate or, indeed, on the management of an estate. My aim in this paper is therefore to compare the contributions of Pliny the Younger and Lucius Columella, a close contemporary of his, on the Roman villa. The sources analysed in this paper are complemented by the findings of archaeological excavations.
Közgazdaságtani modellek a valláskutatásban
Authors: Szilárdi Réka , Paizs Melinda , Feleky Gábor Attila
Published: August 2024

The economics of religion has entered the social science mainstream in recent decades, mainly through the work of Roger Finke, Laurance Iannaccone and Rodney Stark. In these works, the authors sought to lay down a new theoretical framework for explaining religious phenomena that could be used to provide a new context for the empirical data sets of sociology of religion by applying approaches to rational choice theory and the concept of the market. In doing so, they have sought to overcome the secularisation thesis (Iannacone 1998, Finke and Stark, 2000) and the view that the religious dimension is primitive or at least irrational (Stark, Iannaccone and Finke, 1996). The first half of the following paper focuses on this economic approach, reflecting in this context on the changing nature of religiosity in modern times, the challenges of religious identity formation, and the issue of religious markets resulting from contemporary pluralism, including the spiritual offer in Hungary. In the second part, relevant parts of our data collected over several years at the Everness festival, which provides a platform for the display of a broad spectrum of Hungarian spiritual offerings, are briefly presented, along with religious market supply trends.
Rural Livelihoods in Inter-war Hungary
Authors: Balázs-Legeza Borbála
Published: August 2024

The issue of land was central to livelihoods in the villages of the Horthy era. The majority of Hungary’s agricultural land is under the cultivation of large estates and manors, while the majority of the village population owns small, fragmented estates. Thus, they are dependent on large estates and the natural environment for their supplementary livelihoods, to varying degrees and in different forms. In this paper, after a national overview, I present examples from two settlements to illustrate the rural livelihoods of the period, along which options and strategies are outlined - without claiming completeness. My sources include local historical works, official statistics, periodical press publications, and studies on the social history of the era. The first settlement is Tiszaigar from Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, which is basically an agrarian proletarian settlement, most of its land is owned by large estates, the population is highly vulnerable to the surrounding large estates. The other settlement, Dudar’s location in Veszprém County offers several opportunities for additional livelihoods: the mountainous environment and the proximity of forests provide the population with the possibility of multiple livelihoods.
Translations as a Transformative Form of Language Support to English Additional Language Speaking Students at a South African University
Authors: McGhie Venicia , Dos Reis Karen
Published: August 2024

This paper reports on a translation intervention strategy piloted in the first semester of 2017 in the business faculty at a historically black university in South Africa. The pilot study covered the implementation and monitoring of translating instructions, questions and explanations into two of the students’ first languages in the formative assessments in the first-year Management 131 module. The findings show that the translations in their home languages assisted the students in comprehending the instructions and course content. In so doing, it levelled the playing field and enabled them to perform optimally, which aided the pass rate in the module. Additionally, the English-speaking students felt the intervention was a good idea; at the same time, the other additional language-speaking students also requested translations to be done in their languages. The findings provide evidence that students who are English additional language speakers need additional language support to succeed in their respective degree programmes at post-school institutions.
Global Journal of Transformative Education, Vol 4 Full Issue
Authors: GJTE Editors
Published: August 2024

4th Issue of GJTE, Published in 2024.
Pediatric modification of the Japanese Orthopedic Association scale
Authors: Sergeenko O. M. , Savin D. M. , Evsyukov A. V. , Burtsev A. V.
Published: August 2024

Objective. To perform clinical testing of a pediatric modification of the 18-point Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) scale for assessing pathology of the spine and spinal cord in children.Material and Methods. Functional and neurological status was assessed in 143 pediatric patients with pathology of the spine and spinal cord using the mJOA scale with three age versions (0.5–1.5 years, 1.5–4 years and 4–18 years). The control group included 10 adult patients with a similar pathology profile, who were assessed using the mJOA scale as modified by Benzel.Results. An initial analysis of mJOA scores across five age groups (0.5–1.5, 1.5–4, 4–8, 8–18, and over 18 years) did not reveal significant differences in final scores. Repeat assessment (mean 3.1 years, range 1–10 years) also showed no significant differences either withinor between groups. A secondary analysis was performed in patients with pathology at the cervical, thoracic and lumbar levels of the spinal cord: no significant changes in scale scores were found within the groups over time. At the same time, patients with pathology at thecervical level demonstrated a significantly higher score; they were less likely to have deformity of the lower extremities and dependence on a wheelchair, while sensitivity and movements in the upper extremities were significantly worse than in other groups.Conclusion. The proposed pediatric mJOA scale demonstrated age consistency and utility. The results of assessing the functional and neurological state of patients using this scale, in addition to being comparable with each other, are comparable with the results of the Benzel mJOA scale in adults.
Produksi Hidrogen Dari Air Laut Menggunakan Metode Elektrolisis Berbantuan Elektrokatalis
Authors: Natasha Febiana , Hutajulu Ezra Solafide , Pardi Hilfi
Published: August 2024

Hidrogen berpotensi sebagai sumber energi bersih yang ideal untuk menurunkan emisi karbondioksida di masa depan. Hal ini dikarenakan hidrogen memiliki kepadatan energi yang tinggi sekitar 142.351 MJ/kg dan bebas dari gas beracun. Oleh karena itu, diperkirakan permintaan hidrogen akan meningkat sekitar 18% pada tahun 2050 untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi pengganti bahan bakar fosil. Tujuan penelitian, yakni untuk merangkum reaksi-reaksi redoks pada elektroda dalam metode elektrolisis udara laut, menampilkan berbagai elektrokatalis dalam memproduksi hidrogen dari udara laut, dan elektrolisis sebagai media pendukung berlangsungnya proses produksi hidrogen air laut. Hasil yang ditampilkan adalah adanya 3 reaksi redoks dalam elektrolisis udara laut yang terdiri atas Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER), Chlorine Evolution Reaction (CER), dan Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER). Adapun elektrokatalis yang efisien dalam mendukung reaksi HER sebanyak 25 buah. Selain itu, terdapat 4 elektrolit yang mendukung kinerja dari reaksi elektrolisis udara laut dalam memproduksi hidrogen adalah H 2 SO 4 , NaCl, KOH dan NaOH. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan hidrogen dari air laut secara lebih lanjut patut dikembangkan guna mewujudkan Net Zero Emission.
Spatial distribution of Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast. formations in north- western Algeria
Authors: El Mechri Omar , Belgherbi Benamar , Benaradj Abdelkrim , Berkane Ibrahim
Published: August 2024

Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast., syn. Thuja articulata Vahl, is mainly confined to the south-western Mediterranean region and considered to be endemic to North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia). This tree species is experiencing a significant regression of its range, in some cases irreversible. Currently, it is classified as an Ibero-Mauritanianelement. Our objective was to study the dynamics of land cover and even the possibilities of rehabilitation of this species. The forest formation based on Tetraclinis articulata, represented in this study by the areas known as Oued Fergoug and Béni-Khenies forests, has been subject to both regressive and progressive dynamics. An analysis and mapping of the vegetation over 48 years (1975-1994-2022) revealed that the forest cover, with an initial surface area of 3680.47 ha (61.36%) deteriorated dramatically in 1994 as a result of repeated fires and the drought that prevailed then, to 122.65 ha (2.04%) – a truly alarming situation. However, in 1994-2022 this forest formation experienced a significant biological recovery, so that the estimated vegetation cover is now 4292.64 ha (71.56%), with the appearance of dense woodland in an area of 13.18 ha.