Study of biological properties and antibiotic resistance of probiotics from Korea and Japan
Authors:   G.N.Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zubkova E.S. , Kiseleva I.A. ,   G.N.Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Mekhtiev E.R. ,   G.N.Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Mizaeva T.E. ,   G.N.Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pasivkina M.A. ,   G.N.Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Vorobev A.M. ,   G.N.Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Andreeva A.A. ,   G.N.Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Aleshkin A.V. ,   G.N.Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2024

The scope of the study is to study the biological properties of dietary supplements line: LactoBalance multiprobiotic, Neobiotic Lactobalance and Neobiotic Lactobalance Baby/Lactobalance Baby, isolation and generic identification of probiotic microorganisms from samples, confirmation of their growth properties and study of their antibiotic resistance. Materials and methods. The study confirmed that the number of probiotic microorganisms in the Lactobalance product line corresponds to those declared by the manufacturer. From biologically active food additives, probiotic microorganisms were isolated, identified and classified according to GOST R 56139-2014, MU 2.3.2.2789-10 [6, 7] and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). Isolation and cultivation of bifidobacteria strains and thermophilic streptococcus were carried out on a nutrient medium for the cultivation and isolation of bifidobacteria (FBSI SSC PMB, Obolensk, Russia), lactobacilli strains – on a nutrient medium MRS (HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Limited, India). The growth properties of isolated probiotic microorganisms were studied by passaging them on nutrient media and their resistance to the most clinically significant antibiotics (Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, Cefixime, Ciprofloxacin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Levofloxacin, Oxacillin) and to the antiprotozoal and antimicrobial substance Metronidazole was determined using 2 methods: disco-diffusion method (DDM) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using strips. The studies used antibiotic discs and MIC strips manufactured by HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Limited (India), Liofilchem srl. (Italy). Results. From the studied samples of dietary supplements, probiotic bacteria were isolated and identified (11 strains of bifidobacteria, 7 strains of lactobacilli and 1 strain of thermophilic streptococcus, which corresponds to those declared by the manufacturers). The number of living probiotic microorganisms was determined and their growth properties were confirmed. When studying the bacteria included in Lactobalance, almost all isolated strains and, in general, consortia of bacteria had resistance or low natural sensitivity to cefixime and ciprofloxacin, oxacillin. All lactobacilli were naturally resistant to metronidazole. Among bifidobacteria, the B. longum strain was resistant to metronidazole. All bacteria were highly sensitive to levofloxacin, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, azithromycin and clarithromycin. As part of Neobiotic Lactobalance and Neobiotic Lactobalance Baby/Lactobalance Baby, 84% of the isolated bacteria, as well as the consortium of bacteria, were resistant or had low sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, cefixime, metronidazole and oxacillin. B. bifidum was resistant to azithromycin and clarithromycin. All isolated bacteria showed sensitivity to amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and levofloxacin, but the consortium of bifidobacteria showed high sensitivity only to amoxicillin with clavulanic acid. The decrease in sensitivity to other antibiotics is associated with the synergy of the properties of individual strains. Conclusion. Based on the results of in vitro studies, it can be concluded that the probiotic bacteria included in the Lactobalance dietary supplement line correspond to the declared species and their quantity and retain their growth properties. When taking all dietary supplements in the Lactobalance line while taking antibiotic therapy with cefixime, ciprofloxacin and oxacillin, as well as taking metronidazole, there is a possibility of colonization of the intestinal mucosa with probiotic strains included in their composition. When taking Neobiotic Lactobalance and Neobiotic Lactobalance Baby/Lactobalance Baby, there is a possibility of colonization of the intestinal mucosa with probiotic strains while taking cefixime, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, oxacillin, azithromycin and clarithromycin. Key words: probiotics, bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, thermophilic streptococcus, natural antibiotic resistance, minimum inhibitory concentration of antimicrobial drugs