bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EEE. UU vs. Apple Inc.: a propósito de los litigios suscitados por la obsolescencia programada tecnológica
Authors: Soto Pineda Jesús Alfonso
Published: April 2022

La obsolescencia programada configura una conducta empresarial ampliamente advertible en los mercados que ha adquirido relevancia litigiosa en el marco internacional, en virtud de las múltiples pesquisas de naturaleza pública y privada que han sido emprendidas para contener sus efectos aparentemente antijurídicos. Así, el presente artículo analiza las acciones privadas emprendidas por particulares contra la compañía multinacional Apple en el sistema jurídico estadounidense, en atención a la presunta planificación de la vida útil de los productos que ésta pone en marcha en favor de la dinamización de la demanda. En concreto, se exponen y analizan los fundamentos jurídico-sustantivos que han sido elegidos por los actores de las distintas class actions interpuestas recientemente contra la mencionada multinacional, en busca de valorar el alcance y la relación que tienen aquellos argumentos, con la concepción y el recorrido teórico-práctico de la obsolescencia programada. Los resultados de la investigación demuestran que existe un incrementoen la litigiosidad de la obsolescencia programada tecnológica a nivel global y que los argumentos esgrimidos en el marco de los litigios que ha suscitado, son principalmente de corte privado, a pesar de que las inquietudes públicas están presentes.
Investigation of Secondary School Students' Perceptions on the Concept of Health Through the Word Association Test
Authors: KARAMAN Burcu , KARAKUŞ Ufuk
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study is to examine the cognitive structures of the secondary school students towards the concept of health. The study was carried out using the descriptive survey model, which is a research approach that intends to describe a past or present situation as it is. The study group of the research was determined by maximum diversity sampling and consisted of 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th grade secondary school students studying in Bursa and Malatya in the 2021-2022 academic year. In this study, which attempts to examine the perceptions of secondary school students regarding the concept of health, WAT (Word Association Test) was used as a data collection tool. The word association test consists of two dimensions. While there are explanations about WAT (Word Association Test) and sample WAT (Word Association Test) study in the first dimension, there is the WAT worksheet for the concept of health in the second dimension. In the analysis of the data, the words obtained regarding the answers given by the students to the key concept of health were examined in detail in a table, the threshold point was determined by considering the repeated words, and concept networks were created in this direction. In the study, secondary school students produced different words for the concept of health. Those with four or fewer frequencies of these words were not included in the analysis. The most repeated word among the words included in the analysis was "doctor". Those which followed this word were "hospital", "vaccine" and "Covid-19". As a result of the research, no difference was observed in terms of the cities in which the study was conducted or regarding class level, and similar answers were obtained in all classes.
Enforcing U.S. Foreign Policy by Imposing Unilateral Secondary Sanctions: Is Might Right in Public International Law?
Authors:   University of Public Administration in Kehl, Terry Patrick C. R.
Published: April 2022

Following the United States’ unilateral withdrawal from the agreement between the five permanent UN Security Council members, the European Union, Germany, and Iran, that intends to stop Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons, the United States has re-imposed and tightened its sanctions against Iran. The United States’ renunciation of the agreement, despite the agreement’s UN Security Council approval and verified Iranian compliance, arguably violated international law. Nevertheless, the United States is attempting to compel the other state parties (and others) to follow its policy on Iran by threatening those states’ companies and business executives with economic or even criminal sanctions to force them to cut commercial ties with Iran. Based on an in-depth discussion of the lawfulness of such secondary sanctions under public international law, this article concludes that secondary sanctions, as imposed by the United States more recently, are unlawful. The United States’ assertion of extraterritorial jurisdiction is not justified under any principle of jurisdiction recognized in customary international law. In fact, the international community explicitly rejects the United States’ claims to extraterritorial jurisdiction. Furthermore, the United States seeks to undermine third states’ foreign and trade policies by targeting their citizens and businesses. United States’ sanctions policy is thus an attempt to assert control over other states’ foreign policies. This coercion amounts to an unlawful intervention into those states’ internal affairs. Lastly, the use of the United States’ superior economic power to strong-arm other states into abandoning their own foreign policy is a violation of the sovereign equality principle.
Excision of delayed presented giant pseudoaneurysm of left subclavian artery post stab injury
Authors: Deepak Jaiswal
Published: April 2022

Post-traumatic pseudoaneurysms involving the subclavian artery are uncommon and whenever diagnosed they should be repaired early because of the risk of complications such as thrombosis, gangrene, limb disability, and rupture may result in death if not reached the hospital early. Presenting a case report of a 20-year-old male who presented with a left subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm following a stab injury to the left axilla. He was referred to our institute, 20 days after the alleged assault. The presentation, diagnosis, and management of this injury are discussed.
Healing of Wounds Treated with Chitosan Hydrogels with Extracts from Aloe vera and Calendula officinalis
Authors:   ,   Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioquímica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Nakamura-García Arturo Kenzuke
Published: April 2022

This project's purpose was to evaluate the healing effects of chitosan (CS) hydrogels loaded with extracts from Aloe vera (CS+AV) and Calendula officinalis (CS+CO) on wounds of diabetic and non-diabetic Wistar rats. A total of 24 rats were used; animals were randomly divided into three diabetic and three non-diabetic groups (one control and two treated groups) and monitored for 13 days. A biopsy on the wound site was recovered to assess the collagen and n-acetyl glucosamine content. The wound area ratio was reduced since day 1 on both non-diabetic treated groups. A similar effect was observed on the diabetic group treated with CS+AV, while the diabetic group treated with CS+CO showed a reduction in wound area compared to the diabetic control until day 11 after being wounded. Collagen and n-acetyl glucosamine content were higher in every treated group. Further studies are needed to clarify the underly- ing mechanisms through which they promote wound healing. These results suggest that the hydrogels prepared are potential material to be used as wound dressings.
A Chitosan-based Hydrogel with PLCL, ZnO NPs, and Oligoelements: A Promising Antibiotic Scaffold for Tissue Engineering
Authors:   ,   Universidad de La Ciénega del Estado de Michoacán de Ocampo, Salinas Delgado Yvain de los Ángeles
Published: April 2022

Tissue engineering involves anchorage-dependent cells cultured on scaffolds, with growth factors added to facilitate cell proliferation. Its use in transplants implies the risk of bacterial infection. The current contribution describes the preparation and antibacterial evaluation of a chitosan-based hydrogel physically cross-linked with poly(l-lactic-co- ɛ-caprolactone) (PLCL) and enriched with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and trace elements (potassium and magnesium). The material was developed as a scaffold with built-in antibacterial properties. Chitosan and PLCL are biocompatible support materials applied in medicine for the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues, ob- jectives promoted by ZnO NPs and the aforementioned trace elements. The ZnO NPs were elaborated by chemical coprecipitation. The materials were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, and SEM. Antibacterial testing was performed with strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by the Kirby-Bauer method, in accordance with the NCCLS and CLSI guidelines. It was possible to obtain a homogeneous hydrogel with adequate morphology and distribution of elements. The hydrogel with 300 mM of Mg, K, and ZnO NP’s showed antibacterial inhibition halos of 13 mm for S. aureus and 19 mm for E. coli. This innovative biomaterial with trace elements holds promise for tissue engineering by considering the challenge of bacterial infection.
Effect of the Unilateral Breast Cancer Surgery on the Shoulder Movement: Electromyographic and Motion Analysis
Authors:   ,   Centro de Innovación Aplicada en Tecnologías Competitivas (CIATEC, A. C.), Miguel-Andrés Israel
Published: April 2022

After breast cancer surgery, women might develop musculoskeletal impairments that affect movements of the upper limbs and reduce the quality of life. The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of the unilateral breast cancer surgery on the kinematics of the shoulder and the electrical activity of the upper trapezius, middle deltoid and pectoralis major muscles. Eight right-handed female participants, mean age 46.5 ± 5.45 years and mean body mass 71.21 ± 13.33 kg, with unilateral breast cancer surgery, without breast reconstruction and without lymphede- ma symptoms were included in the research. Flexion-extension and abduction-adduction movements of the shoul- der were evaluated with infrared cameras and the electrical activity was measured using surface electromyography. The statistical analysis of the direction angles showed a significant reduction of the flexion-extension and abduc- tion-adduction movements in the affected side in most of the participants (p<0.05). The muscle electrical activity did not present a significant difference between the two sides for the flexion-extension and abduction-adduction movements (p>0.05). The results suggest that the surgical procedure could compromise the range of motion of the affected side. Furthermore, this research contributes to clarify the effect of the surgical procedure in the range of motion of the upper limbs.
[RETRACTED] What are the health benefits of Prima weight loss pills in the UK? v1
Authors: not provided prima
Published: April 2022

[RETRACTED]

Prima Weight Loss Pills UK
[RETRACTED] IGenics Eye Supplement | 100% Organic And Made With Powerful RealPlant Extracts v1
Authors: Eye Supplement IGenics
Published: April 2022

[RETRACTED]

IGenics Eye Supplement
Human Pregnant Fallopian Tube Tissue Collection and Preservation Methods - UCSD Female Reproductive TMC v1
Authors: Stanley Valentina , Lindsay-Hewett Scott , Parast Mana , Laurent Louise
Published: April 2022

Human pregnant fallopian tube tissue collection and storage protocol for HuBMAP's UCSD Female Reproductive TMC.
DNA Extraction from Modern Dental Plaque on Gauze v1
Authors: Aron Franziska , Velsko Irina
Published: April 2022

Protocol for DNA extraction from modern dental plaque dried on gauze samples for Illumina sequencing. This protocol uses the Qiagen PowerSoil DNA extraction kit, but applies modifications to improve DNA recovery. Specifically, solution C2 is not used to avoid uneccessary DNA loss during inhibitor removal.
Purify 247 Keto Gummies v1
Authors: Shi H
Published: April 2022

Health care reform adds various taxes on health care that insurance companies will have to collect and pay, but they're just going to pass it right through to us, the consumer.
[RETRACTED] OcuRenew *REPORT REVEALS* Shocking About Side Effects? v1
Authors: A H
Published: April 2022

[RETRACTED]

encounters societal and demographic challenges for underserved and chronically ill patients throughout the southeast area.
[RETRACTED] Keto Extreme Fat Burner South Africa - (ZA EXPOSED) "Real or Fake" Report? v1
Authors: Walsky Tamara
Published: April 2022

[RETRACTED]

Keto Extreme Fat Burner South Africa
[RETRACTED] IGenics Eye Supplement - Natural Dietary Supplement For Vision Regain (IGenics) v1
Authors: Eye Supplement IGenics
Published: April 2022

[RETRACTED]

IGenics Eye Supplement
De las herramientas de gobierno a los instrumentos de política. Un análisis de las estrategias frente al covid-19 en Sudamérica
Authors: Del Tronco Paganell José , Paz-Gómez Diana
Published: April 2022

La transformación del gobierno y de las relaciones entre administración pública, actores económicos y ciudadanía, es el elemento distintivo del análisis de políticas públicas desde hace por lo menos tres décadas. El papel central, rector y directivo del gobierno fue dejando paso paulatinamente a diversas modalidades de gobernanza en red, en la cual las autoridades públicas se convierten en uno más de los actores participantes del proceso de diseño e implementación de políticas públicas. El presente artículo tiene dos objetivos: 1) hacer un recorrido analítico de la transformación de los esquemas de gobernanza y el papel que juegan, en estos cambios, los instrumentos de política pública (Howlett, 2005) -especialmente los orientados a modificar las conductas ciudadanas desde una lógica multiactor y menos jerárquica- por sobre las herramientas de gobierno tradicionales -tesoro, organización, nodalidad y autoridad- (Hood, 1986), y 2) analizar de qué manera tales cambios afectaron las estrategias desplegadas por los gobiernos sudamericanos frente a la primera ola de la pandemia de covid-19, en 2020.
Percepción de anomia social e inseguridad percibida en jóvenes y adultos intermedios de Bogotá, Colombia. Un estudio de comparación 2017 y 2021
Authors: Ariza Forero Erika Bibiana , Guillén Villamil Andrés Felipe , Ramírez Cortázar Felipe , Bejarano Gómez Alejandro
Published: April 2022

El contexto sociohistórico reciente de Colombia está inmerso en diversas problemáticas sociales como la desigualdad, la pobreza, la corrupción, el asesinato de líderes sociales y una elevada percepción de inseguridad. Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos de dos estudios realizados en diferentes periodos de tiempo (2017 y 2021) en los que se aplicó la escala de percepción de anomia social (PAS) y la escala de inseguridad en dos grupos de participantes: jóvenes (18 a 25 años) y adultos intermedios (40 a 49 años) de la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia. El tipo de estudio es descriptivo comparativo. La muestra total fue de 371 personas, prevaleciendo la participación del género femenino en ambos años con cerca de 65%. Se presentan estadísticos descriptivos, las correlaciones, la regresión y la comparación, asociados a los resultados del estudio 2017 y 2021. Se comprueba que existen diferencias significativas, siendo la ruptura del tejido social (RTS) más elevada en 2017 y la percepción de inseguridad más alta en 2021; asimismo, en ambos años las mujeres percibieron mayor inseguridad que los hombres.
Una reconstrucción conceptual y política del voto en blanco en Colombia. Crónica de un debate
Authors: Palacio Vélez Andrés Camilo
Published: April 2022

El voto en blanco es un mecanismo que cada vez tiene mayor eco en las democracias contemporáneas. Sus lecturas pasan por discusiones en el campo de los partidos políticos, la participación ciudadana, la acción colectiva, la protesta social, así como en discusiones jurídicas y políticas sobre su aplicabilidad, eficiencia y eficacia para la democracia. Este artículo, a partir de una revisión documental, se propone sintetizar la forma en que se ha debatido este mecanismo desde dos ámbitos específicos: uno de corte académico, a partir de la producción teórica del voto en blanco, y otro ubicado en los debates del Congreso de la República de Colombia, donde se confieren mayores efectos políticos a la norma. Es posible entrever que, si bien la bibliografía no es prolífica, hay líneas marcadas en el estudio de esta regla electoral que tienden a comprenderlo en un sentido valorativo, aunque con algunos atisbos como herramienta susceptible de ser usada estratégicamente.
A Syntactic-Prosodic Analysis of Focalizing Ser
Authors: Flores Tanya , Méndez Vallejo Dunia Catalina
Published: April 2022

This study is the first analysis on how focalizing ser is marked prosodically, and how this compares to cleft and pseudo-cleft focus structures. Data was collected from Barranquilla, Bogotá, Cali, and Medellín. Our results show that ser in FS structures can have a pre-nuclear pitch accent, unlike ser in cleft and pseudo-cleft structures. Although FS is considered a discourse marker (Curnow & Travis, 2004; Pato 2010), it still behaves like a verb in terms of syntax and prosody.
¿Envejecen las unidades fraseológicas? Los zoomorfismos del Vocabulario cubano (1921): un siglo después
Authors: Labrada Hernández Geisy , Pérez Marqués Celia María , Bidot Martínez Irina
Published: April 2022

El trabajo analiza el uso actual de 34 zoomorfismos, extraídos del Vocabulario cubano de Constantino Suárez, un siglo después de su publicación. Para ello, dichas expresiones han sido cotejadas en diccionarios posteriores, en el sitio webcorp.org.uk y a partir de encuestas. En el análisis se han tomado en consideración la variación fraseológica, el cambio semántico y ciertas preferencias de uso de estos zoomorfismos en la actualidad. Entre los resultados destacan la presencia de variantes léxicas y la vigencia, en más del 65 % de las expresiones, del significado recogido por Suárez en 1921.
Estudio de disponibilidad léxica asociado al ámbito de las matemáticas y las tecnologías
Authors: Salcedo Lagos Pedro Antonio , Zambrano Matamala Carolina del Carmen , Rojas Diaz Darío Fernando , Friz Carrillo Miguel Claudio
Published: April 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el léxico disponible de estudiantes de Pedagogía en Matemáticas respecto de ocho centros de interés. Los resultados evidencian que el léxico disponible en los centros de interés de las matemáticas es mayor que el disponible en los centros de interés de las TIC aplicados a las matemáticas. Además, se sugiere una categorización de este último léxico inscrito en los siguientes ámbitos: software para educación matemática, herramientas de ofimática y conceptos tecnológicos asociados a internet.
Carmen de Burgos y Roberto Bracco: Escritos feministas entre Italia y España
Authors: Moreno Lago Eva María , Duraccio Caterina
Published: April 2022

En este artículo se indaga sobre los vínculos literarios e intelectuales entre Carmen de Burgos y Roberto Bracco. En primer lugar, se analizan las narraciones de viajes, reportajes de prensa y ensayos de la escritora almeriense. Luego, se examinan las ideas principales que el dramaturgo napolitano expone en Nel mondo della donna (conversazioni feministe), ensayo traducido al español por De Burgos. A partir del cotejo de las obras de ambos escritores, se descubre que la dualidad feminista y antifeminista planteada por Bracco se hace presente en los escritos De Burgos, especialmente en La mujer moderna y sus derechos (1927).
La proyección subjetiva a través de la personificación en Inquietudes sentimentales (1917) de Teresa Wilms Montt: Una aproximación desde la poética cognitiva
Authors: Parra Parra Ignacia Francisca
Published: April 2022

Este artículo presenta un análisis del poemario Inquietudes sentimentales (1917) de Teresa Wilms Montt a partir de la poética cognitiva. En este sentido, se estudia la conceptualización de los dominios: muerte, alma, naturaleza, los objetos físicos, y del entorno físico y abstracto a través de la personificación y sus implicaciones cognitivas como una proyección de la subjetividad de la protagonista. De esta forma, se indaga la manera en que se configura el significado literario de este poemario.
Comprimidos (1929), de Lydia Bolena (1882-1959). Un capítulo inédito del cuento modernista en la literatura colombiana
Authors: Ochoa Marín Jorge Mario
Published: April 2022

Este artículo busca resaltar una figura poco estudiada en la historia del cuento modernista y de la literatura femenina del siglo xx en Colombia. En él se aborda la obra narrativa de la escritora Lydia Bolena, publicada en la prensa colombiana y extranjera entre 1912 y 1947. Una parte importante de esa obra fue recopilada en el libro Comprimidos (1929). El presente estudio explora algunos elementos característicos de la narrativa modernista en esta obra, tanto formales (construcción precisa y austera), como temáticos (cosmopolitismo, presencia de la ciudad, esteticismo), e igualmente la voz de la mujer del siglo xx.
De la perfecta incomunicación a la comunicación imperfecta. Memoria y lenguaje en las cartas autobiográficas de Emma Reyes
Authors: Echeverry Fernández Diana
Published: April 2022

En este trabajo analizamos los manuscritos de la correspondencia de la artista y escritora colombiana Emma Reyes con Germán Arciniegas. Tratamos de demostrar que en sus cartas existe una propuesta de escritura que tiene un efecto desestabilizador. En este sentido, reflexionamos sobre el ejercicio de memoria que implica sus epístolas. Luego, presentamos su visión del lenguaje. Más adelante, mostramos la articulación entre lo expresado y la forma de expresión, donde opera una tensión entre lenguaje y memoria. Concluimos que la propuesta de su escritura impacta a los lectores por su «incorrección» y posibilita una reflexión sobre el poder del lenguaje.
Arquitecturas de la vida. Escribir el espacio hospitalario con Gloria Peirano y Jorge Consiglio
Authors: Gelman Francisco
Published: April 2022

Tanto La ruta de los hospitales (2019), de Gloria Peirano, como Hospital Posadas (2015), de Jorge Consiglio, pueden comprenderse como organizaciones del espacio del cuidado de la salud, entre el hospital y sus contornos. Desde las prácticas de control del Estado totalitario, hasta la mirada minuta de una niña que acompaña a su madre nutricionista en su jornada laboral, se advierte que el lugar para la cura de los cuerpos no surge simplemente del discurso técnico y la labor disciplinaria de la medicina, sino que está atravesado por múltiples métodos de gobierno y formas de uso, que incluyen la narración.
1813 Church Painting on Show at the Summer Exhibition
Authors:   Museum of London, Ardill Tom
Published: April 2022

Edward Bird’s series of six canvases illustrating the punishment and reformation of a poacher garnered particular press attention. George Dawe’s dramatic A child rescued by its mother from an eagle’s nest, and J.W.M. Turner’s Frosty Morning were also much noted. The painting to attract the greatest crowds, however, was David Wilkie’s Blind Man’s Buff. This was helped in part by being placed in the central position in the Great Room by the artist, who was leading the Hanging Committee. The Summer Exhibition of 1813 was somewhat overshadowed by Joshua Reynolds’ contemporaneous exhibition at the British Institution.
Risk factors of negleted diseases at juai district of balangan regency, south kalimantan: a lymphatic filariasis
Authors: Pratiwi Dina Amalia , Kusumaratna Rina K.
Published: April 2022

Background. About 65% of all lymphatic filariasis (LF) could be found in South East Asia, including Indonesia. As one of neglected tropical diseases, filariasis has a major problem on public health in Indonesia, and 72% of districts are endemic areas. The clinical manifestation has a major impact on social, economic burden and decreasing quality of life. 

Methods.This research was conducted to explore and determine an influences factors based on social determinant of health among inhabitants at Juai district, Balangan, South Kalimantan, by using a standardized questionnaire. A two phase of an observational study, firstly a cross-sectional conducted at 3 villages among suspected screening subjects from March to May 2014. The diagnosis of infection was confirmed by finger prick test, which was done from 10 PM until 2 AM. Second phase, a case-control study from October 2014 to January 2015, were obtained from data-based of affected patients and their neighborhoods, comprising 38 subjects respectively. Statistical analysis were descriptive and analytical by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression.

Results. First phase found 100% of 64 subjects were positive with the count varies from 3 up-to 34 microfilaria. The second phase, LF incidence was significantly associated with age (OR=5.32, 95% CI:1.99-14.16), occupation (OR=3.04, 95% CI:0.95-9.75), less knowledge on avoiding mosquito bites (OR=3.75, 95% CI:1.37-10.26) and presence of water hyacinths (OR=3.32, 95% CI:1.3-8.54). Only Physical Environment score were significantly associated (p=0.00) and demonstrably as a protected against LF (OR=0.3, 95% CI: 0.10 – 0.69).

Conclusion.The study highlights subjects at those area was at risk for developing LF diseases.
Gender-Specific Marketing Strategies Used by Sports Supplements
Authors: Cosgrove Anna M. , Lorts Cori , Ransdell Lynda B.
Published: April 2022

While the use of sports supplements is common among athletes and active adults, the marketing strategies used by these sports
supplement manufacturers remain unknown—especially relative to active and athletic women. This descriptive study aims to describe
marketing strategies used, such as color choices, structure function claims, and picture choice, and analyze if there are gender-specific
differences within the strategies. A total of 100 best-selling sports supplements were selected from three separate third-party websites.
Food products, accessories, and kitchen appliances were excluded. Supplement main webpages and sports supplement-specific webpages were
explored to determine which marketing strategies were used and if there were gender-specific differences. Of 169 sports supplement webpages
reviewed, only 23.1% (n=39) included pictures that were only/majority female. Only 7.1% (n=12) of supplement bottles used feminine colors,
while for supplement pages, only 8.3% (n=14) utilized feminine colors and 43.2% (n=73) used masculine colors. While the number of women
athletes continues to grow, sports supplement manufacturers are not using strategies targeted to women. Future research should examine
the reasons for this discrepancy and women’s perceptions of purchasing sports supplements targeted to men.
In the Search for a Non-Invasive Sonification Method Based on a Physically-Based Model for the Guidance of the Visually Impaired Population
Authors: Herrera Martínez Marcelo , Useche Ramírez Jorge E.
Published: April 2022

The present paper initially presents to the reader the most prominent results in the field of SSD (Sensory Substitution Devices) for the visually impaired population. Afterwards, a technical-ergonomic comparison is held, where some important academic and commercial projects in the last decade are highlighted. Several transcendental discoveries in this matter are depicted and at the end a new promising method is introduced, making use of Haralick texture features. The main finding of the present work is that this approach could present to the visually impaired texture-like properties of the image based on its physical characteristics, and even more, since the Haralick approach is mathematically rigorous, then it may render a more coherent and congruent image-to-sound algebra than previous methods.
Awareness, perception and outlook of oro-dental health among North Indian population: an online survey
Authors: Bhat Nitish , Anjum Rubeena , Bhardwaj Nandini , Thakur Kalpna , Thakur Rajesh
Published: April 2022

Background: Oral diseases have contributed enormously to a majority of public health problems and are highly prevalent with significant social impact. Oral health is a precious plus point and a fundamental branch of general health. In India, oral health has been ignored since a long time and people have underestimated the pitfalls of bad oral health Therefore, the aim of the study was to look upon a variety of different contusive and responsible factors which all and all relate to dental health awareness in North Indian population. Also, this study objected to consider the acquaintance, outlook, practices and perceptions of patients attending the outpatient departments of dental hospitals enrooting North India.

Methods: A self-administered structured questionnaire including demographic characteristics and oral health awareness attributes was distributed among 200 people in the age group 20-50 years using random sampling technique and the results were analyzed using percentage. The survey was cross-sectional, descriptive and hospital based and the technique was convenient sampling. SPSS version 17.0 was used to analyse the data.

Results: The result of this study shows an acute lack of oral hygiene awareness and limited knowledge of oral hygiene practices. Routine dental check-up was more commonly seen in people living in cities. In addition to this, the country side people visited the dental clinic only when they have extreme pain. Few people have the habit of oral rinsing after the meals. About 67% people used tongue cleaner and the use of interdental aids is very less and uncommon.

Conclusions: Results of this study also show that use of accessible dental service is mainly for urgent situations such as pain relief and very infrequently for regular oral health protection. There is an urgent need for comprehensive educational programs to promote good oral health and impart education about correct oral hygiene practices. Based upon these results, methodical district-oriented oral health endorsement programs are obligatory to mark the lifestyles in poles apart broad-spectrum population groups.
Effect of paracetamol as a prophylactic analgesic in infertile women undergoing hysterosalpingography in Bayelsa State, South-South Nigeria: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Oriji Peter Chibuzor , Kiridi Enefia Kelvin , Ugwoegbu Johnpatrick Uchenna , Abasi Isaac Joel , Ubom Akaninyene Eseme
Published: April 2022

Background: Hysterosalpingography is the primary investigative modality of choice for the evaluation of the uterine cavity, fallopian tubes, and adjacent peritoneal cavity. Objective were to compare the effectiveness of paracetamol and placebo in pain reduction during hysterosalpingography.

Methods: This randomised controlled trial was conducted at the radiology departments and infertility clinics of the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa and Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital, Okolobiri, both in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, from February, 2021-July, 2021. Three hundred and eighty infertile women were assigned into two groups. Women in group I received paracetamol, while the women in group II received placebo. Data were analysed using statistical product and service solutions for Windows® version 25. Student’s t-test was used to compare sample means; and the Chi-square test was used to compare the proportion of women who expressed pain at the different steps of the procedure.

Results: Pain ratings among women in the placebo group were higher than those of women in the paracetamol group at all the stages of the procedure. The highest pain scores were recorded during the instillation of contrast media in both study groups, but higher in patients in the placebo group.

Conclusions: Our study revealed that paracetamol was superior to placebo in the control of hysterosalpingography-associated pain. However, pain scores high in the 2 groups during instillation of contrast media into uterine cavity.

 
Correlation of neuroimaging findings and outcome in West syndrome
Authors: Manandhar Bina Prajapati , K. C. Divya , Khatun Najala
Published: April 2022

Background: West syndrome (WS), an infantile epileptic encephalopathy which occurs in clusters with developmental regression and hypsarrhythmia. The classification refers to genetic, structural and metabolic cause. Neuroimaging can help to identify various lesion in the brain leading to West syndrome and outcomes can be measured in form of seizure control and neurodevelopmental improvement. We aimed to study the correlation of neuroimaging in West syndrome with the outcomes.Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study done among patients who presented to International friendship children’s hospital. All the cases diagnosed with WS and between 4 months to 5 years of age according to ILAE (International league against epilepsy) were included in this study. The study duration was three years. Fisher’s exact test was used to see correlation of underlying neuroimaging findings with outcome in children with West syndrome.Results: Of 37 children diagnosed with WS, 65% were male with a mean age of presentation 17±7 months and mean age of onset of seizure 5±1 months. Thirty patients had regular follow up and neurodevelopmental outcome could be determined. There was no significant relation between neuroimaging finding and neurodevelopmental outcome along with seizure remission (p>0.05). Improvement in developmental milestones was seen in 17 patients (56.6%) and 1 patient (3.3%) had normal milestone as per age.Conclusions: Neuroimaging is an important diagnostic tool to determine etiology of WS but it’s not the sole component to predict the neurodevelopmental outcome and seizure remission.
Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase ratio as an early predictor to assess dengue severity
Authors: Sabapathy Sarala , Rajanna Chaithrashree , Das K. Rasmika , Geetha Nithin Raj Muniraju , Thampi Nikhitha S.
Published: April 2022

Background: Dengue fever is a benign syndrome caused by arthropod borne viruses which is transmitted by infective bite of a particular mosquito known as Aedes aegypti, a day time biting mosquito, which is the principal vector of the disease. Although liver is not a major target organ, hepatic dysfunction is well recognised and can be used as an early predictor to assess the dengue severity by looking at the ratio of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) levels. Studies using SGOT/SGPT ratio to assess severity of dengue were  very few, hence the need for the study.Methods: Ratio of SGOT and SGPT is considered as an early predictor to assess severity of dengue in children admitted under department of paediatrics at Sapthagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore. A total of 100 children aged between 0-15 years were admitted with signs and symptoms of dengue. Informed consent was obtained and detailed history was taken. For all cases, dengue serology rapid and ELISA was done at our hospital. Children positive for NS1, IgM, IgM+ IgG were included in the study and ratio of SGOT/SGPT done at the time of admission was taken and followed up for clinical profile. Results: Children with SGOT/SGPT ratio<1 at the time of admission had lesser duration of hospital stay and complications when compared to children with SGOT/SGPT ratio >1.Conclusions: SGOT/SGPT ratio at the time of admission can be used to predict dengue severity, duration of hospital stay and outcome.
Neonatal outcome of abnormal versus normal antenatal Doppler in high-risk pregnancies
Authors: Sasi Navaneetha , Kariyappa Pushpalatha , Sohail Abdus Subhan , Naik Jyothi , Seetharam Rao Udayakumar
Published: April 2022

Background: Umbilical Doppler flow abnormalities occur in 6% of high-risk pregnancies. Preterm infants born with abnormalities in the umbilical artery Doppler waveforms is at a risk of various complications. The objective of this study were to understand and compare the neonatal outcome of normal verses abnormal antenatal Doppler.Methods: 100 newborns each with normal antenatal Doppler and abnormal antenatal Doppler, born to women with singleton pregnancies of 28 weeks and above, were enrolled for the study after taking informed written consent from the parents. All the newborns enrolled were followed up for various neonatal outcomes and complications.  Results: Majority of fetal Doppler abnormalities were seen in mothers with PIH (50% verses 21%) and Intra uterine growth restriction (59% verses 29%) which was statistically significant. Majority of babies in abnormal Doppler group were delivered by LSCS compared to normal Doppler group (72% verses 36%). Neonates in the abnormal Doppler had more risk of becoming SGA (52% verses 24%), more risk of developing NEC (32% verses 18%) and thrombocytopenia (34% verses 17%). The need for longer duration of NICU stay (22 days verses 14 days) and need for mechanical ventilation were more in them (17% verses 7%) compared to normal Doppler group.Conclusions: Colour Doppler is a useful modality to predict fetal outcome in high-risk pregnancies. It allows better understanding of hemodynamic changes in feto-placental and utero-placental circulation and helps pediatrician to anticipate the complications and helps in early intervention and thus results in decreased neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Atypical presentation of neurofibromatosis type 1 in a 10-month-old girl: a case report
Authors: Asad Marui , Zahra Fatima Al- , Pandit Gauri Shankar , Ahmad Rafi Raza , Awais Muhammad , Akhtar Nadeem
Published: April 2022

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a neurocutaneous genetic disorder of heterogenic symptoms majorly affecting the nervous system, eye, skin and bone. This study was about a 10-month-old female child who developed a lump/mass on the left side of neck 3 months ago that rapidly increased in size along with ulceration and bleeding for one month with no associated symptoms. MRI of neck showed large heterogeneous and enhancing lesion with thick lobulated folds noted posteriorly, located in the left posterior cervical space deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. On histopathological examination nerve sheath tumor favoring NF1 was confirmed. Child underwent debulking/excision of the mass.
Non-response in a child with pulmonary tuberculosis: a story of strange partners
Authors: Walia Shagun , Singh Varinder
Published: April 2022

This case report is about a 13 years old boy who was diagnosed to have sputum negative pulmonary tuberculosis. Anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) was continued for it and he initially showed improvement but later transitioned into a slowly progressive persistent pneumonia. In this scenario, most appropriate approach is to work the patient up for persistent tuberculosis (TB)/multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) due to poor compliance to treatment or emergence of resistant tubercular strains. This patient was treated on the same lines but did not improve. The initial tubercular disease process was joined by a strange forgotten partner whose diagnosis was tough. Many times, in clinical practise such dilemmas are encountered wherein secondary disease pathology gets masked by primary disease process. We present one such case and how we managed it.
Association of hemolysis markers and cortisol level with different severity of sickle cell disease among Sudanese patients
Authors: Abdelgadir Ream E. , Muddathir Abdel Rahim M. , Krama Moyssar A. , Adam Ebtehal A. , Abdelgadir Osman , Abd-allah Elharam I.
Published: April 2022

Background: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an inherited disorder of hemoglobin. Several biomarkers have been identified, which is essential in the different clinical presentations of the disease. This study aimed to determine the association between hemolysis markers and cortisol level with varying severity groups of Sudanese patients with SCA.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 100 patients with sickle cell disease between February 2016 and April 2017. According to Hedo et al scoring, medical history was obtained to conduct disease severity. A total of 3 ml of venous blood was collected from each patient. A complete hemogram was performed using an automated hematology analyzer (Sysmix®-KX-21N). Bilirubin and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were estimated using a spectrophotometer, while cortisol was measured using the Elecsys® system 2010 E170. The reticulocyte count was performed manually. Data were analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 21 computer software program.Results: Disease severity was variable and was categorized into; eighteen (18%) patients had mild symptoms, while 70 (70%) patients had moderate disease, and 12 (12%) patients had severe disease. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test showed that hemoglobin, reticulocyte count, LDH, and direct bilirubin were positively correlated with disease severity, p value: 0.001, 0.04, 0.00, and 0.02, respectively. While indirect bilirubin, total bilirubin, and cortisol did not correlate with disease severity, the p value was (0.248, 0.083, and 0.868, respectively).Conclusions: This study confirmed that the hemolysis markers (Hb, reticulocyte count, direct bilirubin and LDH) were positively associated with disease severity. In contrast, indirect bilirubin, total bilirubin, and cortisol levels were not associated with the disease severity.
Folic acid usage and associated factors among pregnant women attending a tertiary health facility in Nigeria
Authors: Alegbeleye Justina O. , Ozueh Chioma O.
Published: April 2022

Background: Folic acid (FA) is an essential water-soluble vitamin that cannot be synthesized in the human body; hence its major source is from diet. It plays a key role in embryonic development. FA supplementation in pregnancy reduces the risk of megaloblastic anaemia, preterm delivery and neural tube defects. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the use of FA and factors associated with uptake amongst pregnant women at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 451 antenatal attendees at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital from 1 January to 31 March 2020. After consent was obtained, a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect information from the women. Data was entered into a spread sheet and analyzed with SPSS version 25. The results are presented in means and percentages. The confidence interval was set at 95% and a p value of <0.05 was deemed statistically significant. Chi square test and Pearson’s correlation were used to determine association between usage of FA and variables.Results: Most of the women, 258 (57.21%) were between the ages of 30 and 39 years and were primarily nulliparous 122 (27.1%). Moreover, two-thirds of them 330 (73.2%) had post-secondary education and nearly all 409 (90.7%) of the women were married. Majority 370 (82.0%) of the pregnant women were currently taking folic acid but only 109 (24.2%) commenced before pregnancy. Use of FA was significantly associated with socio-demographic characteristics such as age, marital status, level of education and occupation (p<0.05). In addition, parity, planned pregnancy, history of having a child with neural tube defect, and timing of commencement of folic acid were all significantly associated with folic acid usage (p<0.05).Conclusions: Only a small proportion of pregnant women have used FA before their pregnancies. A public health policy or strategy to increase the pre-conceptional use of folic acid is needed.
Association of COVID-19 severity with body mass index and underlying comorbid conditions-a hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Sampath Raju Kannan , Hussain Aamina , Subramanian Venkata Meenakshi , Logaraj Muthunarayanan
Published: April 2022

Background: To reduce the severity of the disease among COVID-19 patients with co-morbidities is the need of the hour. Obesity may contribute to adverse outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to find the association between the COVID-19 biomarker values and the underlying comorbid conditions and assess the severity of the disease according to the patients' body mass index (BMI).Methods: A single centre cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital among 184 COVID-19 patients admitted for one month (June-July 2021).Results: The results show a statistically significant association between the COVID-19 severity and co-morbidity status of the patients, with diabetes mellitus being the most prevalent co-morbidity among the patients, followed by diabetes with hypertension. A statistically significant association was also seen between age and co-morbidity and biomarkers and co-morbidity.Conclusions: Obesity and other comorbid conditions like diabetes mellitus and hypertension should be given utmost importance during treatment among COVID-19 patients. Biomarker screening should be routinely done in patients with co-morbidities and obesity. Awareness among the COVID-19 patients regarding the comorbid conditions and BMI is the need of the hour.
A cross-sectional e-survey to map clinical practice of electrocardiogram use as a screening tool in outpatient department: India office electrocardiogram e-survey
Authors: Prajapati Divyanshu , Prajapati Hiren , Joshi Vijay , Patel Ronak , Patel Khushbu , Mishra Ashish , Shah Nehal , Bhavsar Marmik
Published: April 2022

Background: Early detection of electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities in high risk cardiovascular patients with routine ECG screening is the need of the hour. The aim of the e-survey was to understand the use of ECG in high risk cardio-metabolically deranged patients at outpatient departments (OPDs) by Indian physicians.Methods: A cross-sectional India office ECG (IOECG) e-survey was conducted using Google form questionnaire from November 2021 to December 2021 among Indian physicians. Survey results were collected and analysed using Google form survey tool.Results: We received total of 1863 responses. The results of the survey showed that while 90% of physicians agreed to the necessity of doing 12 lead ECG of cardio-metabolically deranged patients, only 61% of all physicians could perform ECG screening in less than 40% of high risk cardio-metabolic patients mainly, due to several practical challenges. Among physicians, 40.2% physicians believed that 12 lead ECG was too time consuming, 35.8% physicians believed that the unavailability of ECG device was common reason while 27.5% physicians believed that there was a lack of trained staff. Majority of physicians (69.7%) agreed to use point of care ECG device which can be a solution for more screening of such patients whether symptomatic or asymptomatic. According to the survey, 88.7% physicians would appreciate if a portable handheld ECG device was made available to facilitate screening in their practice.Conclusions: There is a need of the portable handheld ECG device which helps physicians to screen large number of cardio-metabolically deranged patients in their busy OPDs.
A suspected case of COVID-19 vaccine (Covishield) induced Guillain Barre syndrome-a case report
Authors: Gupta Anirudh , Verma S. L. , Rana Dinesh , Goel Varnik
Published: April 2022

Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS) is a collection of clinical syndromes that manifest as an acute inflammatory poly radiculopathy. It usually presents as an acute, non-febrile, monophonic, post infectious illness manifesting as ascending weakness and areflexia. It is an autoimmune disorder characterized by production of antibodies against the myelin and is often triggered by bacterial and viral infections, vaccines against rabies, flu and COVID-19. Here we present a case of 31 years old male with characteristic signs and symptoms of GBS possibly triggered by Covishield vaccine.