bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS SISWA MELALUI PROGRAM SKUA DI MA UMMUL QURO PUTRI PAMEKASAN
Authors: Ningsih Fitria , Rijal Akh Syaiful
Published: September 2021

This study aims to analyze the implementation of SKUA program management in shaping the religious character of students at MA Ummul Quro Putri Pamekasan. The method used is a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis type. Data collection techniques were obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. Then the data collected was analyzed with the stages of data condensation activities, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The results of the research that have been conducted show that: First, the process of implementing the SKUA program management in shaping the religious character of students at MA Ummul Quro Putri consists of five stages, planning, organizing, implementing, monitoring and evaluating. Second, the impact obtained is to deepen students scientific treasures, slowly students begin to learn daily practices with discipline, each student begins ti be directed ti have a religious character and students begin to get used ti religius attitudes and traits. Third, the inhibiting factor is the lack of awareness of students how important the SKUA program is in daily life, student personal differences and different environmental factors have a negative impact on the formation of students religious character. Solution that can be done to overcome these inhibiting factors are by firt identifying the problems faced by students and then looking for solutions, providing sanctions related to religion, and providing special guidance to overcome problems that cannot be solved by sanctions.
MANAJEMEN PEMBIAYAAN OPERASIONAL BOARDING SCHOOL PUTRA DARUL HIKAM DAGO GIRI BANDUNG
Authors: Mubarok Acep Husni , Sopwandin Iwan , Hidayat Ara
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to reveal the management of education financing at the Putra Darul Hikam Dago Giri boarding school Bandung. This study uses a qualitative method with the type of field research. The results showed that the education financing management at the Putra Darul Hikam Dago Giri boarding school Bandung, includes: Planning based on the evaluation of the previous year's budget, which was carried out by the Treasurer, Head of Bureau II and Head of Boarding school approved by the college director. Sources of funding are obtained from guardians of students, boarding, donors and foundations. Financing management includes entry and exit costs which include personnel, non-personnel and investment costs. Operational budget supervision is carried out by the Head of Bureau II and the Director of Darul Hikam College. Financial reports are carried out by two parties, namely by the foundation through the Darul Hikam college and by the chairman of the Boarding which is called the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) system.
The Role of Leadership in Forming Organizational Culture in Islamic Education Institutions
Authors: Suwandi Suwandi , Umam Khoirul
Published: September 2021

Organizational culture has a very important role in improving the quality of the organization. If the role of culture can function properly, it can be expected that organizational performance will increase. The purpose of this research article was to understand and describe the role of the principal in the process of forming organizational culture in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Malang. This research uses a qualitative approach through a case study design using a phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by: in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation studies. The informant's sampling technique used purposive sampling. Data analysis was carried out by means of: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Meanwhile, checking the validity of the data is carried out using the following criteria: credibility, dependability, and confirmability. The results showed that: First, the leader factor has an important role in the process of forming organizational culture. Second, the process of forming organizational culture occurs through several stages, namely: the adaptation stage, the pattern search stage, the system building stage, and the stage for forming organizational culture as self-identity. The results of this study are expected to be useful for the development of organizational culture theory and also the development of Islamic educational institutions, especially in the development of organizational culture.
THE ROLE OF SHADOW TEACHER IN LEARNING MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS IN PAUD TERPADU INKLUSI BINA INSAN KREATIF TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Salis Hijriyani Yuli , Andriani Fenty , Rosidin Rosidin
Published: September 2021

As part of inclusion education, Education for All (EfA) or Pendidikan untuk Semua (PuS) has six main programs, including the inclusion program of Early Childhood Education (Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini or PAUD). This article is compiled based on a qualitative approach, which is a type of field research and presented descriptively. This article highlights the role of Shadow Teacher as one of the main keys to the success of inclusion education in PAUD Terpadu Inklusi Bina Insan Kreatif (BIK) in Tasikmalaya city. The findings of the article show that Shadow Teacher has a variety of relatively different roles and responsibilities than class teachers. But it plays a big role in helping the success of learning carried out by class teachers, especially related to Children with Special Needs (Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus or ABK). In undergoing its roles and responsibilities, Shadow Teacher applies various strategies to assist the development of ABK students, in the academic, non-academic and self-developed fields. Furthermore, the PAUD Terpadu Inklusi BIK institute has such a crucial policy related to improving the quality, qualifications and competency of Shadow Teacher that it can provide better inclusion education services for ABK students in particular, and for other stakeholders in general.
Concerns About own Security Among Police Officers in Relation to Some Demographic Factors
Authors: Valentinova Zaimova – Tsaneva Emelina
Published: September 2021

The research demonstrates that working in the field of civil security is a stressful and dangerous occupation which determinates negative impact on police officers’ experienced level of own security, which grows into concerns about own security. The examination of concerns about own security included 264 police officers (Mean=36.11). Women have higher values of concerns about their own security (Mean=38.86), than men (Mean=34.67). Police officers who lived in the capital have higher concerns about own security (MR=149.10). The correlation analysis shows a weak proportional relationship between age and concerns about own security among police officers (r=0.146; p=0.018).
Verwendung psychoaktiver Substanzen bei Medizinstudenten an der Bundesuniversität Amapá im Jahr 2018
Authors: Dias Cláudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos , Facco Lucas , Fecury Amanda Alves , Melo Felipe Rodrigues Martins de , Azevedo Eduardo José Lobato de , Rizzi Ana Carolina Miranda , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Silva Anderson Walter Costa , Silva Alceu dos Santos , Cardoso Rosilene Ferreira , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça
Published: September 2021

Psychoaktive Substanzen, auch psychotrope Substanzen genannt, sind Produkte, die die Fähigkeit haben, Reize oder sensorische Veränderungen zu fördern, Die Emotionen und das Bewusstseinsniveau derjenigen, die sie verwenden, beeinflussen. Ziel dieser Studie war es, 2018 den Einsatz psychoaktiver Substanzen bei Medizinstudenten der Föderalen Universität Amapá (UNIFAP) zu analysieren. Es wurde eine quantitative und qualitative Querschnittsstudie durchgeführt, bei der eine nicht-probabilistische Convenience-Probe von Universitätsstudenten verwendet wurde. In dieser Universität, unter Medizinstudenten, Es wurde festgestellt, dass die Verwendung von psychotropen Drogen vor allem durch den Einsatz von Alkohol und Analgetika auftritt. Im medizinischen Kontext ist ihr Einsatz aufgrund des erleichterten Zugangs zu verschreibungspflichtigen Medikamenten in dieser Öffentlichkeit von Fachleuten und Akademikern viel breiter, und die Verwendung solcher Substanzen ist manchmal verborgen, und es gibt Schwierigkeiten, darüber zu sprechen und Hilfe zu suchen.
Употребление психоактивных веществ среди студентов-медиков Федерального университета Amapá в 2018 году
Authors: Dias Cláudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos , Facco Lucas , Fecury Amanda Alves , Melo Felipe Rodrigues Martins de , Azevedo Eduardo José Lobato de , Rizzi Ana Carolina Miranda , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Silva Anderson Walter Costa , Silva Alceu dos Santos , Cardoso Rosilene Ferreira , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça
Published: September 2021

Психоактивные вещества, также называемые психотропными веществами, являются продуктами, которые имеют способность поощрять стимулы или сенсорные изменения, влияющие на эмоции и уровень сознания тех, кто их использует. Целью данного исследования был анализ употребления психоактивных веществ студентами-медиками Федерального университета Amapá (UNIFAP) в 2018 году. Было проведено количественное и качественное поперечное исследование, в котором использовалась не вероятностная выборка студентов университетов. В этом университете, среди студентов-медиков, было отмечено, что употребление психотропных препаратов происходит в основном из-за употребления алкоголя и анальгетиков. В медицинском контексте, в связи с облегченный доступ к отпускаемых по рецепту лекарств, их использование гораздо шире в этой общественности специалистов и ученых, и использование таких веществ иногда скрыты, и есть трудности в разговоре и ищет помощи.
Digital Economy as an Environment for Virtual Platform Operators
Authors: Paprocki Wojciech
Published: September 2021

Digital economy that embraces the analogue and digital world has been developing for over the last ten years. The leaders of the digital economy are commercial and public virtual platform operators. In the 3 rd decade of the 21st century, the hybrid system will be dominating in the world. The concept of “Industry 4.0” will be implemented in all regions, but analogue processes will be still popular in the industry, distribution channels and households. Robots will become popular in production and services. In the management of data, information and knowledge solutions which are supported by the narrow artificial intelligence will be utilised step by step. The goal is the creation of new wisdom. Virtual platform operators in their commercial and public activities will strengthen their position on the market in the New Space. At the same time the producers and service providers representing the Old Space will be pressed to accept dependence on virtual platform operators.
The influence of fiscal rules on the discipline in the public finance in Poland
Authors: Ciak Joalnta Maria
Published: September 2021

Fiscal rules constitute tools that match the characteristics of a transparent fiscal policy. Increasing the predictability of activities conducted within the public finance sector, which can limit politicians’ irresponsible behaviour, is of crucial importance. Fiscal rules may be preventative in nature – they can, therefore, prevent negative phenomena in the area of public finance now and in the near future. They become a kind of obstacle for potential inappropriate fiscal expansion, expenditure expansion in particular, of the public authorities, which could lead to too deep an imbalance between the liabilities of the state and the sources sufficient to cover its obligations. The trends in changes in the current public finance are supplemented by introducing fiscal rules or strengthening their role. The basic problem with fiscal rules is that in many cases they are leaky and are also not consistently observed. The aim of the article is to present a brief overview of national and supranational fiscal rules and reference to the existing situation in the public finance in Poland. The article presents the analysis of the source literature, legal acts and statistical data.
Ocena kondycji publicznej opieki zdrowotnej w Polsce
Authors: Borkowska Iwona
Published: September 2021

Z wielu źródeł można obecnie usłyszeć informacje o konieczności poprawy funkcjonowania opieki zdrowotnej w Polsce. Mówią o tym zarówno osoby korzystające ze świadczeń medycznych – pacjenci, jak i środowisko medyczne. Opinie te wydawane są na podstawie własnych doświadczeń bez oparcia w analizach i badaniach naukowych. Niniejsze opracowanie zawiera próbę obiektywnej oceny kondycji opieki zdrowotnej w Polsce. Zostało przygotowane w świetle oficjalnych danych dotyczących otoczenia prawnego i finansowania systemu ochrony zdrowia funkcjonującego w kraju, a także problemów, z jakimi system ten się boryka. Tematyka jest bezkresna i można ją analizować z punktu widzenia wielu zróżnicowanych problemów. W pracy przedstawiono najważniejsze aspekty mające kluczowe znaczenie w analizie oceny stanu i kondycji opieki zdrowotnej w Polsce. Analiza wykazała konieczność zmiany wysokości i struktury nakładów na zdrowie w Polsce oraz zwróciła uwagę na niekorzystną strukturę demograficzną osób wykonujących zawody medyczne i na starzenie się społeczeństwa. Wnioski płynące z analizy dotyczą konieczności podjęcia działań, które usprawnią system opieki zdrowotnej, aby złagodzić presję na wyższe nakłady finansowe na ten cel.
Jakość sprawozdań narracyjnych i jej determinanty – przegląd literatury
Authors: Mućko Przemysław
Published: September 2021

Sprawozdawczość narracyjna obejmuje wiele ważnych trendów we współczesnej sprawozdawczości przedsiębiorstw: sprawozdawczość w zakresie społecznej odpowiedzialności, ochrony środowiska, ryzyka i informacji prospektywnych. W artykule przedstawiono stan badań nad jakością sprawozdań narracyjnych oraz jej determinantami. Wyróżniono grupy metod wykorzystujących indeksy ujawnień oraz analizy tekstowe, w tym tematyczne analizy treści, wskaźniki czytelności tekstu oraz analizy lingwistyczne. Przedstawiono również propozycję konstrukcji złożonego miernika oceny jakości ujawnień autorstwa S. Beretty’ego i B. Bozzolana. We wnioskach podkreślono, że narracyjny aspekt sprawozdawczości przedsiębiorstw obejmuje elementy perswazji, których wpływ na jakość informacji nie został do tej pory wystarczająco przebadany.
Struktura sektora transportu drogowego w Polsce i ocena jego wyników ekonomicznych na tle państw Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Koźlak Aleksandra
Published: September 2021

Transport drogowy ładunków stanowi znaczącą część systemu transportowego Polski i całej Unii Europejskiej. W artykule przeprowadzono analizę porównawczą struktury sektora transportu drogowego, kosztów świadczenia usług przez przewoźników z różnych krajów oraz ich wyników ekonomicznych. Celem artykułu jest wykazanie, że struktura polskiego sektora transportu drogowego i osiągane wyniki ekonomiczne na tle innych krajów UE są czynnikami utrudniającymi polskim przedsiębiorstwom  dostosowanie się do Pakietu mobilności. Badania wykazały, że wprowadzenie proponowanych zmian spowoduje pogorszenie konkurencyjności polskich przewoźników, którzy wprawdzie mają obecnie przewagę kosztową, ale charakteryzują się niską wydajnością pracy, słabszymi niż konkurenci wynikami ekonomicznymi i niekorzystną strukturą sektora drogowego.
Rozwój rynku operatorów publicznego transportu zbiorowego w Polsce
Authors: Krawczyk Grzegorz
Published: September 2021

Rynek publicznego transportu zbiorowego charakteryzuje się występowaniem monopolu naturalnego. W konsekwencji w Polsce realizacja przewozów odbywa się na podstawie ustanowienia podmiotu wewnętrznego (Rozporządzenie WE 1370/2007). W przypadku organizatorów publicznego transportu zbiorowego kontraktujących znaczny wolumen pracy eksploatacyjnej dochodzi do wdrożenia rozwiązań konkurencyjnych i zastosowania modelu opartego na konkurencji regulowanej. W modelu tym operatorów publicznego transportu zbiorowego wybiera się przez stosowanie procedury zamówień publicznych.  Najczęściej przedmiotem postępowania jest obsługa jednej linii komunikacyjnej lub pakietu, o której realizację rywalizują podmioty prywatne oraz komunalne. Celem artykułu jest ocena rozwoju konkurencji regulowanej na silnie skoncentrowanym rynku transportu publicznego przez pryzmat rynku operatorskiego. Podstawowym źródłem danych są te udostępnione przez organizatorów transportu publicznego dotyczące udziału poszczególnych operatorów w obsłudze linii oraz wyniki postępowań przetargowych, które odzwierciedlają aktywność poszczególnych podmiotów w pozyskiwaniu nowych zleceń. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy wskazano główne tendencje rozwoju rynku publicznego transportu zbiorowego w Polsce.
Optymalna strategia inwestycyjna na rynku finansowym Blacka-Scholesa-Mertona typu Lévy’ego
Authors: Sulima Anna
Published: September 2021

Celem badań jest znalezienie optymalnej strategii inwestycyjnej na zupełnym rynku finansowym Blacka-Scholesa-Mertona typu Lévy’ego bez arbitrażu. W artykule wyznaczono udziały różnych instrumentów finansowych w portfelu optymalnym. Ceny tych instrumentów opisane są za pomocą procesu Levy’ego, który jest uogólnieniem procesu Wienera. Ponadto założono, że współczynniki modelu zależą od stanów łańcucha Markowa. Taki rynek jest niezupełny, co oznacza, że nie każdą wypłatę można zreplikować za pomocą pewnej strategii inwestycyjnej. Aby uzupełnić ten rynek, dodano skokowe instrumenty finansowe oraz aktywa potęgowo skokowe. Następnie wykorzystano metody programowania dynamicznego do wyznaczenia optymalnej strategii inwestycyjnej na tym rynku. Optymalna strategia to taka, która maksymalizuje oczekiwaną użyteczność procesu bogacenia na końcu ustalonego z góry okresu. Analizę przeprowadzono dla logarytmicznej i potęgowej funkcji użyteczności wypłaty.
Innowacje produktowe i ich uwarunkowania na przykładzie Protektor S. A.
Authors: Szafranowicz Małgorzata
Published: September 2021

Innowacje są warunkiem koniecznym przetrwania każdego przedsiębiorstwa w turbulentnym i konkurencyjnym otoczeniu. Analiza literatury przedmiotu oraz wyników badań dotyczących innowacji wskazuje na aktywną działalność innowacyjną przedsiębiorstw różnych pod względem formy i przedmiotu działalności. Mimo to innowacje kojarzone są głównie z branżą wysokich technologii. Celem publikacji jest dokonanie przeglądu definicji innowacji, ich typologii oraz prezentacja i analiza determinant działalności innowacyjnej wybranego przedsiębiorstwa spoza branży wysokich technologii. Publikacja ma charakter przeglądowo-poznawczy. Część teoretyczna powstała przy wykorzystaniu analizy literatury przedmiotu i danych zastanych, natomiast analiza przypadku wypełniła część poznawczą opracowania. W publikacji pokazano, że innowacyjne może być przedsiębiorstwo tzw. niskich technologii, a zakres i rodzaj implementowanych innowacji uwarunkowany jest zarówno czynnikami wewnętrznymi organizacji, jak i warunkami jej otoczenia.
Wykorzystanie działań marketingowych w kształtowaniu modelu biznesu w przedsiębiorstwie
Authors: Nogalski Bogdan , Czapiewski Roman
Published: September 2021

Każda organizacja przedsiębiorstwa pracuje po to, aby zadowolić klienta, zwiększając jednocześnie wytwarzaną wartość dodaną przy zachowaniu odpowiednich standardów jakości. Występująca na rynku dynamika powoduje presję na ciągłą rywalizację i poszukiwanie nowych możliwości przez daną firmę. Jednym z głównych celów każdego przedsiębiorstwa jest bieżące definiowanie i wyprzedzanie potrzeb docelowych rynku, poprzez przystosowywanie produktów oraz usług w sposób bardziej atrakcyjny i efektywny niż konkurencja. Największe sukcesy odnoszą i będą odnosić przedsiębiorstwa, które będą potrafiły wykorzystać i zintegrować w praktyce wszystkie narzędzia i elementy konfiguracji marketingu do konkretnych uwarunkowań indywidualnego klienta.W przeciwieństwie do marketingu tradycyjnego, który koncentrował się przede wszystkim na korzyściach materialnych uzyskiwanych w wyniku każdej transakcji, marketing relacji akcentuje znaczenie symbolicznego wymiaru długoterminowych stosunków między sprzedawcą a nabywcą. Podkreśla również, że oczekiwana rentowność jest równoważona przez korporacyjną odpowiedzialność oraz jest rozpatrywana w strategicznej perspektywie, będąc jednocześnie sztuką tworzenia i utrzymywania wzajemnych kontaktów.

Model biznesu jest konstrukcją, która informuje o stanie i perspektywach przedsiębiorstwa oraz jak posiadane możliwości i potencjał działalności można zmieniać, poprzez możliwości rynkowe, w rezultaty ekonomiczne, zwłaszcza w procesie globalizacji.W artykule autorzy skupili się na zagadnieniach występujących na rynku B2B. Jest on kontynuacją tematyki podejmowanej w wydanych przez autorów publikacjach. Zaprezentowany materiał został poparty badaniem pilotażowym wraz z wnioskami.
Analiza możliwości zastosowania metod wyceny przedsiębiorstw do startupów
Authors: Czyżewska Marta , Kozioł Karolina , Pitera Rafał
Published: September 2021

W artykule podjęto problematykę tradycyjnych metod wyceny przedsiębiorstw i możliwości ich zastosowania do obecnie modnych, innowacyjnych przedsiębiorstw, jakimi są startupy. Autorzy, bazując na doświadczeniu we współpracy z lokalnym środowiskiem startupowym, w tym również w obszarze inwestowania kapitału zalążkowego, stwierdzają, iż problem wyceny przedsięwzięć stanowi niezwykle istotne wyzwanie dla inwestorów oraz samych założycieli startupów. Artykuł jako pierwszy z cyklu publikacji poświęcony został analizie znanych w teorii i praktyce pięciu grup metod wyceny przedsiębiorstw w kontekście możliwości ich zastosowania do wyceny startupów. Niniejsza publikacja wskazuje na zalety i wady stosowanych metod wyceny przedsiębiorstw oraz nakreśla dylematy i wyzwania, przed jakimi stają inwestorzy oraz założyciele startupów.
Wirtualizacja – na styku techniki, organizacji i zarządzania
Authors: Konopka Mariusz
Published: September 2021

Rozwój technologii teleinformacyjnych nieustannie zmienia otaczający nas świat. W naszej codzienności obok rzeczywistości rozwija się zyskująca na znaczeniu i złożoności sfera wirtualna. Stawiam hipotezę, że następująca wszechobecnie wirtualizacja ma charakter postępowy i prowadzi do zmian w organizacjach i zarządzaniu. Podejmuję próbę uporządkowania informacji o pochodzeniu, podstawach i poglądach na temat wirtualizacji. Przedstawiam własną propozycję podejścia do zagadnień związanych z wirtualizacją. Jednocześnie staram się zaznaczyć powiązanie pomiędzy zarządzaniem, wirtualizacją i organizacją.
Lęk technologiczny jako patologia organizacyjna w dobie czwartej rewolucji przemysłowej
Authors: Młody Michał
Published: September 2021

Jednym z kluczowych zagadnień poruszanych w rozważaniach na temat wewnętrznych uwarunko­wań funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstw są patologie organizacyjne. W obszarze zainteresowania bada­czy szczególnie widoczne są zachowania i mechanizmy dysfunkcyjne, nieefektywne, destrukcyjne oraz destabilizujące, obserwowane w stopniu, który można uznać za „patologiczny”. W dobie czwartej re­wolucji przemysłowej, która stopniowo wymusza na przedsiębiorstwach wdrożenie zaawansowanych maszyn i technologii oraz ich integrację z ludźmi, tworząc cyberfizyczną rzeczywistość, zauważalnych jest wiele zjawisk wewnętrznych, utrudniających przejście przez proces transformacji. Ograniczenia te mogą przyjmować charakter trwałego „lęku”, mającego cechy charakterystyczne dla patologii orga­nizacyjnych. W artykule, na podstawie analizy wyników badań wtórnych, podjęto próbę konceptuali- zacji lęku technologicznego, wskazując na jego wieloaspektowość oraz złożoność, a także znaczenie dla wyborów strategicznych przedsiębiorstw.
The impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on mental health among Marine Engineering students in Region VI, Philippines
Authors: Galicia Peter Ralph B.
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 Pandemic has brought the world into a catastrophic situation. The Philippines is one of the nations that has been dramatically affected by this unseen and deadly virus. As early as March 2020, the country declared a nationwide lockdown that psychologically impacted the people. This descriptive-correlational study aimed at ascertaining the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the mental health of Marine Engineering students. DASS-21 was adopted to assess depression, anxiety, and stress among 185 respondents. The computer-processed statistics used were mean and frequency for descriptive analysis; t-test was used for Independent Samples, and One-way ANOVA was used for inferential analysis. The Alpha level was set at 0.5. The study found that, generally, Marine Engineering students had mild signs of depression, moderate signs of anxiety, and normal signs of stress. There was no significant difference in terms of impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Marine Engineering students’ mental health in terms of depression, anxiety, and stress when classified according to year level, place of birth, and location of residence. A psychological intervention program, “bUligAn and Naapektuhan ng Pandemya: A Psychological Intervention Program,” was formulated to address the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the mental health of Marine Engineering students.
SOME CRUCIAL AREAS IN SCIENCE EDUCATION RESEARCH CORRESPONDING TO THE NEEDS OF THE CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY
Authors: Rannikmäe Miia
Published: September 2021

Innovative societies need people who are equipped with scientific and technological competences e.g. are scientifically literate. Being scientifically literate encompasses a large set of competences, many beyond those which are directly linked with exhibiting acquired scientific knowledge. While PISA studies mainly give a comparison of students’ science knowledge, thinking and process skills, the assessment is not so much about the skills needed in the workplace or functioning in society as a responsible citizen. This suggests there is a need for further comparative studies to cover this deficit. Such kind of research is essential directed to those countries which have shown high results in PISA studies (e.g. Estonia) in order to interpret PISA results more widely in new contexts. This is especially highlighted by recent findings from research carried out among a representative sample of Estonian gymnasium students. The outcomes showed that students’ problem solving, decision-making and reasoning skill do not significantly change during the gymnasium years, even though the amount of science factual knowledge is increasing (Rannikmäe, Reiska & Soobard, 2014, Soobard & Rannikmäe, 2014).
PRE-SERVICE SCIENCE TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES ABOUT THE USE OF MODELS
Authors: Aktan Mustafa B.
Published: September 2021

Models are central constructs of science teaching and learning. This research aims to report on seven pre-service science teachers’ perceptions and attitudes towards models and the rationale for using models in science teaching. Semi-structured in-depth interviewing, an open-item questionnaire, and a five-point Likert scale questionnaire were used to obtain data from the participants. No evidence of negative attitude towards the use of models was observed among the participants. Although the pre-service science teachers (PSTs) valued the idea that scientific models are important aspects of science teaching and learning, they were hesitant to use and build models as teaching tools. Four categories related to the perceptions about the rationale for using models were identified from the data namely, promoting interest and attention, promoting understanding due to illustrative and representative nature of models, promote concretization as instrumental tool and promoting theoretical understanding in science. The findings indicated that the PSTs showed positive attitudes towards the use of models in their teaching, but certain factors like level of learner, time, lack of modeling experience, and limited knowledge of models appeared to be affecting their perceptions and attitudes negatively. Key words: modeling experience, pre-service teacher, science teacher, use of models.
IMPROVING STUDENT UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPTS OF WEIGHT AND MASS WITH A COMPUTER SIMULATION
Authors: Sarabando Cândida , Cravino José P. , Soares Armando A.
Published: September 2021

Although weight and mass are considered fundamental concepts in physics, they are still not well understood by students. A computer simulation was designed to improve students’ learning of these concepts and compared it with other teaching strategies. The research was carried out with 142 students (7th grade; 12-13 years old), from three schools. There is a significant change in conceptual understanding of the concepts weight and mass for all groups. Nevertheless, total gains were higher for students who used the computer simulation. The implication is that using a computer simulation, carefully designed to address specific conceptual difficulties, may help the students understand the concepts of weight and mass. We also interviewed teachers to understand their role in the classroom. It was found that the features most likely to contribute to improve students’ learning are related to the balance between support and autonomy given to students during the use of the computer simulation.
Key words: computer simulation, teaching and learning, physics education, mass and weight.
THE USE OF REALIA VERSUS POWERPOINT PRESENTATIONS ON BOTANY LESSONS
Authors: Prokop Pavol , Majerčíková Dominika , Vyoralová Zuzana
Published: September 2021

Botany is traditionally viewed as less attractive than zoology for students, despite the fact that plants play a key role in natural ecosystems. It is hypothesized that survival-relevant information may enhance learner's attention and that this information might be better remembered than others. Additionally, the use of the PowerPoint (PPT) presentation software in teaching biology is questionable, particularly in comparison with the use of realia. A theory of adaptive memory was employed in an experiment, in which the presence of fruits, their colour and their toxicity on samples of plants was handled. The memory scores and interest in plants of the participants were measured. The effectiveness of the PPT compared with the use of realia (live plants) was also analysed. The memory scores were highest in treatments with living samples of plants containing fruits. Survival-relevant information (plant toxicity) was better retained than survival-irrelevant information. Participants retained information about plants with dark fruits better than about plants with red fruits. The activities with live plants, but not the PPT, increased participant's interest in plants. In summary, using living plants and fruits over the PPT is recommended when teaching botany. Key words: adaptive memory, biology education, PowerPoint programme, realia.
DEVELOPMENT OF A QUESTIONNAIRE TO MEASURE CO-REGULATED LEARNING STRATEGIES DURING COLLABORATIVE SCIENCE LEARNING
Authors: Olakanmi Eunice Eyitayo
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this research was to develop a questionnaire that measures students’ self and co-regulated learning processes during science learning. An instrument named Co-regulated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (CRSLQ) was developed, and its validity and reliability were analysed. Factor analytic evidence from a sample (n=214) of science students indicated that the 21 items CRSLQ consists of four constructs: monitoring, help-seeking and help-giving, efforts regulation, and planning. Cronbach’s Alpha (α) coefficients were calculated for the reliability of CRSLQ scales which ranged from 0.87 to 0.92 and 0.95 for the entire questionnaire. Additional analysis with a second sample (n=40) showed that CRSLQ was an effective instrument for measuring co-regulated learning strategies during collaborative science learning. According to these results, the CRSLQ can be used as a valid and reliable instrument in science education. Key words: collaborative learning, co-regulated learning, efforts regulation, help-seeking and help-giving, monitoring, planning, science learning, self-regulated learning.
EVALUATING OF PRE-SERVICE SCIENCE TEACHERS’ UNDERSTANDING OF GENERAL CHEMISTRY CONCEPTS BY USING TWO TIER DIAGNOSTIC TEST
Authors: Mutlu Ayfer , Acar Şeşen Burçin
Published: September 2021

This research aimed at evaluating pre-service science teachers’ understanding of the subject matters such as “thermochemistry, chemical kinetics, chemical equilibrium, acids and bases and electrochemistry”. For this purpose, a two-tier diagnostic test consisting of 44 items (α = 0.84) related to the aforementioned concepts was developed by the researchers. This test was applied on to the first, second, and third year pre-service science teachers in Hasan Ali Yucel Education Faculty, Istanbul University. The results showed that the pre-service science teachers had alternative conceptions about endothermic-exothermic reactions, conservation of energy, reaction enthalpy, calorimeters; rate of reaction, reaction rate constant, effects of some factors on reaction rate and reaction rate constant; effects of some factors on equilibrium, equilibrium dynamics, Le Chatelier Principle; equivalence point, end point, indicators, buffers, titrations, neutralization, strength and properties of acids and bases, pH; effects of concentrations on cell potential, metal electrodes, localization of anode and cathode, plating, galvanization. Key words: acids and bases, alternative conception, chemical equilibrium, chemical kinetic, electrochemistry, thermochemistry, two tier diagnostic test.
COMPARATIVE RESEARCH ON THE UNDERSTANDINGS OF NATURE OF SCIENCE AND SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY BETWEEN SCIENCE TEACHERS FROM SHANGHAI AND CHICAGO
Authors: Wang Jingying , Zhao Ying
Published: September 2021

Nature of science is considered to be an important component of scientific literacy, and understanding the nature of science is advocated as an important goal of science education. Scientific inquiry is regarded as the core of curriculum reform, which has become the consensus of the international K-12 science education, as well as a scientific direction for which educators have been striving over the last century. To compare the views of nature of science and scientific inquiry of teachers between China and United States, 90 high school science teachers from Shanghai and Chicago are chosen to do open-ended questionnaires and interviews. By conducting the sequential mixed method and using the empirical investigations of VNOS-D and VOSI-S, their different understandings mainly perform in the specific aspects of nature of science and scientific inquiry, cognitive stages, types and relationships etc. Overall, the level of American teachers’ views of nature of science and science inquiry are better than Chinese. Finally, some suggestions on Chinese science teachers’ education are proposed. Key words: epistemological belief in science, nature of science, scientific inquiry.
Dyslipidemia and Conventional Risk Factors in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Admitted in a CCU of a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md Mahfuzur , Ahmed Farid Uddin , Sharmin Sanjida , Hyder Tanvir , Nehal Saifuddin
Published: September 2021

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the single largest cause of death in the developed countries and is one of the leading causes of disease burden in developing countries. The prevalence of dyslipidemia and conventional risk factors profile at the time of admission in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is not well described in our context. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and conventional risk factors profiles of patients with ACS in a tertiary care center of Bangladesh.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 96 admitted patients of ACS [30 cases of Unstable Angina, 25 cases of Non ST segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and 41 cases of ST segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction] from the Department of Cardiology, Abdul Malek Ukil Medical College Hospital, Noakhali, Bangladesh from January 2019 to June 2019. Fasting serum lipid profile was obtained within 24 hours of hospitalization and demographic and other cardiovascular risk factors were documented.
Results: The mean age of the subjects were 57.7±14.4 years with majority (71.9%) being male. The most frequent reported risk factor was smoking, present in 55.2% of patients, followed by hypertension (47.9%), diabetes (37.5%), dyslipidemia (27.1%) and family history of CAD (15.6%). Based on Body Mass index 50% patients were obese (≥25kg/m2) and 69.8% had central obesity based on waist circumference. The lipid profile analysis revealed that 99% of patients had some type of dyslipidemia, and the most frequent was high level of triglyceride and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (68.8% of cases in each).
Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is a significant risk factor in patients with ACS and high TG and low HDL-C were more prevalent. Careful attention to its management may help to reduce further events.
Cardiovasc j 2021; 14(1): 24-29
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF AIR- WATER SYSTEM USING DISSIMILAR MOTIONLESS MIXERS
Authors: Hussain Dr. Mazhar
Published: September 2021

The hydrodynamic characteristics of mixing fluids are always the points to consider in improvement of their mixing quality especially using motionless mixers normally stated as “Static Mixers”. Motionless mixing technique was adopted for Air-Water system with the advantage of negligible power consumption over dynamic mixers. Different hydrodynamic characteristics were experimented using “Baffle Type” static element and were compared to those of already used in recent studies. Dissolved oxygen content, Static mixer geometry (i.e. Baffle, Blade, Wheel, Plate and Needle), mixing fluids flow rates were chosen as variables and selected in this content as rate of mass transfer study which founds out to be significant using “Baffle Type” static element. Volumetric mass transfer was also achieved at higher scale which gives a clear indication of increase the mass transfer coefficient in between the comparison of “Baffle type” element and other mentioned elements. Pressure droplet and depletion in Air bubble size across static elements were visually perceived using Hg-Manometer and still photography respectively. A mathematical model was also developed portraying the Air bubble diameter at different flow rates for this system. Other hydrodynamics like higher Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Content, Less Power consumption were also found to be more advantageous for “Baffle Type” static element.
Persepsi konsumen dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian beras premium
Authors: Mahendra Mas’ud , Mamilianti Wenny
Published: September 2021

Increasing rice consumption in Indonesia provides a great opportunity in the rice business. Rice's business development is marked by the emergence of rice producers with various brands and qualities. Improving the standard of living of the Indonesian people also affects consumer behavior in choosing rice to be consumed. This change in consumer behavior is responded by rice producers by producing super quality rice or often called premium rice. The rise of premium rice sales now needs a study of consumer behavior towards premium rice purchasing decisions. This study aims to analyze consumers' perceptions of premium rice and analyze the factors that influence consumer behavior in purchasing premium rice. The study's location was determined intentionally in the city of Pasuruan, and respondents were 100 rice consumers through convenience sampling. The method of data analysis uses tabulation description analysis and regression Logit models. The results showed consumers' perceptions of premium rice by 47% the price of premium rice is higher, 53% the color is perfect, 56% expressed better dexterity, 51% better aroma, 47% endurance as well as other rice, 78% uniformity of grain better, and 49% stated that cleanliness was the same as other rice. Consumer perception of the belief in premium rice that 47% of consumers stated that premium rice is better than medium rice. The factors that significantly influence the purchase of premium rice are education, income, and the number of household members.
Struktur pasar pisang ”kepok”
Authors: Bunga Jessica Yuliana , Olviana Tomycho , Nendissa Doppy Roy
Published: September 2021

Bananas are planted almost evenly throughout the territory of Indonesia, including in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). One of the potential areas of NTT that produces a lot of Kepok bananas is Sikka Regency, especially Paga District. Market structure is one indicator to analysis the level of competition and marketing efficiency. This study aims to analyze the structure of the Kepok market in Paga District, Sikka Regency, involving 45 respondents of banana farmers and ten intermediate traders (between islands). Analysis of the banana market structure uses CR4, HHI, and GR to find the level of market concentration, the barrier to entry, market information, and product differentiation. The results found that in selling banana, banana farmers are at a low concentration level dealing with traders with high concentration levels. Judging from the entry barriers, undifferentiated market, and product information shows that the Kepok banana market is classified as an oligopsonistic imperfect market. In this condition, the farmer is only a price taker, while the price is determined by the trader (price maker). Consequently, the dependence of Kepok banana farmers on intermediary traders is very high, so the hopes of farmers to get a reasonable income have not been achieved. Farmers and trader’s marketing institutions need to regulate market mechanisms to be more efficient. There is a fair distribution among marketing institutions.
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi kopi arabika
Authors: J. B. Pangkur Hugolinus , R. Pellokila Marthen , Sirma I Nyoman
Published: September 2021

Coffee has become the foundation of the economy of the community, including in Manggarai, East Nusa Tenggara. In running their farms, farmers find a problem, namely low production. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship and influence of Arabica coffee production factors. The sample in this study amounted to 83 farmers. The research data uses primary and secondary data. The data analysis method uses correlation analysis (Bivariate Correlation) and the Cobb Douglas production function model. The results showed that the factors that have a relationship with Arabica coffee farming production are fertilizer, seeds, labor, land area, and household size. In contrast, factors that have no relationship with production are education level, farming experience, and farmer's age. The factors that affect the production of Arabica coffee farming are seeds, land area, and household size. In contrast, factors that did not affect production were fertilizer, education level, labor, farming experience, and age
Efisiensi produksi sawi pakcoy (Brasica rapa L.) di Desa Sumberejo Kota Batu
Authors: Dangkung Lukas Irwantus , Pudjiastuti Agnes Quartina , Khoirunnisa Ninin
Published: September 2021

Pakcoy mustard (Brasica rapa L.) has a relatively high economic value in terms of low farming costs, so it has the potential to continue to be developed because the community widely consumes it both in fresh and processed form. The development of the population and industrial users of pakcoy mustard as a raw material causes this commodity's demand to continue to increase. This study aimed to analyze the production efficiency of pakcoy mustard  in the village of Sumberejo. This village is one of the pakcoy mustard production centers in Batu City. The data was collected through interviews with 45 pakcoy farmers selected from 350 pakcoy farmers in the research location. The data that has been collected were analyzed with the Cobb-Douglas production function, then the allocative efficiency was calculated. The results showed that the use of seeds, TSP, and NPK fertilizers in pakcoy mustard production in the village of Sumberejo, Batu City was not allocatively efficient.
Efisiensi teknis usahatani padi sawah pasang surut varietas lokal di Kecamatan Barambai Kabupaten Barito Kuala: pendekatan Dea
Authors: Husna Hatimatul , Azis Yusuf , Fauzi Muhammad
Published: September 2021

Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan memiliki lahan pasang surut cukup luas dan sebagian besarnya di Kabupaten Barito Kuala.Pemanfaatan lahan pasang surut berpotensi cukup besar dalam mengembangkan pertanian terutama untuk padi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efisiensi teknis petani padi sawah pasang surut di Kecamatan Barambai menggunakan pendekatan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik responden terhadap efisiensi teknis di Kecamatan Barambai menggunakan Tobit Regression, untuk menganalisis keuntungan petani padi sawah pasang surut di Kecamatan Barambai. Penelitian ini dilakukan di tiga desa di Kecamatan Barambai Kabupaten Barito Kuala yang ditentukan secara purposive dengan memilih 60 petani sampel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat 4 petani yang efisien dengan nilai rata-rata tingkat efisiensi 0,893. Dari 4 karakteristik petani sampel, ada 3 karakteristik yang berpengaruh terhadap efisiensi teknis yaitu usia berpengaruh negatif, lama pendidikan formal dan jumlah tanggungan anggota rumah tangga berpengaruh positif. Sedangkan untuk lama pengalaman berusahatani tidak berpengaruh. Penerimaan petani adalah Rp 13.609.917/usahatani atau Rp 15.869.420/hektar. Sedangkan pendapatan yang diperoleh Rp 11.411.300/usahatani atau Rp 13.305.792/hektar sehingga keuntungan Rp 7.172.502/usahatani atau Rp 8.363.262/hektar.
Efisiensi Pemasaran Sapi Potong di Kecamatan Takisung Kabupaten Tanah Laut Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Azis Yusuf , Husin Ibnu
Published: September 2021

Takisung District is one of the centers for beef cattle in Tanah Laut Regency. In creating an efficient and profitable marketing system for both farmers and consumers, farmers must choose short marketing channels. This study aims to identify the shape of the beef cattle marketing channel, determine the costs, benefits, margins, and farmer's share, and the marketing efficiency received by beef cattle producers. This research was conducted in Takisung District, Tanah Laut Regency. The sample villages were chosen deliberately, namely the three villages with the highest number of farmers (Source Makmur Village, Takisung Village, and Gunung Makmur Village). The sample of farmer respondents in each village was chosen randomly in proportion, with a total sample of 30 farmers. To select local traders and cutting traders, the snowball sampling method was used. The study was conducted from March to May 2020. The results showed that there were 4 forms of beef cattle marketing channels, namely Channel I (breeders – consumers), Channel II (breeders – slaughterers-consumers), Channel III (breeders – local traders – consumers), and Channel IV (breeders – local traders – slaughterers – consumers). Furthermore, costs, profits, margins, and farmer's share per head of cattle as well as marketing efficiency for each marketing channel, namely channel 1 with costs, profits, and marketing margins of Rp.0 and farmer's share get 100% results. Channel 2 with a cost of Rp. 570,000, a profit of Rp. 4,950,000 and a margin of Rp. 5,520,000 and a farmer's share with a yield of 73.74%. Furthermore, channel 3 with a cost of Rp.243,000, a profit of Rp.457,000, and a margin of Rp.700,000, and farmer's share obtained a yield of 95.39%. Finally, channel 4 with a cost of Rp. 1,766,000, a profit of Rp. 5,124,000 and a margin of Rp. 5,920,000 and farmer's share getting 71.84% results. Economically, beef cattle marketing can be said to be relatively efficient in all marketing channels. The most efficient marketing channels are channel 1 and channel 3.