bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of paraoxonase I and hemoglobin levels in farmers and agricultural workers in relation to organophosphorus and carbamate levels in their blood and urine samples: A cross sectional study
Authors: Bhat Vinutha , Nayak Pragati , Bakkannavar Shankar , Udupa Padmanabha
Published: October 2023

Background: Pesticides are chemicals that have become common household products in developing countries. The purpose of pesticides is to manage agricultural work. The majority of pesticides for indoor and agricultural use are carbamate and organophosphorus. Toxicity is caused due to excess and improper use or disposal of these chemical agents. Slow exposure to pesticides causes chronic poisoning whereas rapid exposure causes acute poisoning. The paraoxonase I (PON 1) enzyme has a role in detoxifying some of the oxon derivatives which thereby inhibit acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Methods: This study analyzed farmers who were exposed intermittently to organophosphorus and carbamates pesticides during farming for more than five years. Serum paraoxonase I was evaluated by colorimetry method, and hemoglobin levels were evaluated using portable Fresenius Kabi haemoglobinometer. Results: The study showed that the pesticides were found in the blood and urine samples of farmers and there was an alteration of paraoxonase I and hemoglobin levels in them due to the exposure of pesticides in large quantities over some time. The present study showed around 81% of the participants who were intermittently exposed to pesticides for more than five years were detected with pesticide toxicity. The paraoxonase I level was altered in farmers who were positive for organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides. The hemoglobin level did not show much variation among the farmers exposed to pesticides. This may be due to the lifestyle of the subjects, climatic variations and also their eating habits. Conclusions: The study suggested that there was alteration in the levels of PON1 and hemoglobin in farmers and agricultural workers with positive organophosphorus and carbamates in their blood and urine samples. As our study was done without quantifying the amount of pesticides, further studies can be done by quantifying the pesticide level and comparing it with the paraoxonase I level.
Identification of high-performing antibodies for Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 (hVPS35) for use in Western Blot, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence
Authors: Ayoubi Riham , Fotouhi Maryam , Southern Kathleen , McPherson Peter S. , Laflamme Carl ,   NeuroSGC/YCharOS/EDDU collaborative group,   ABIF consortium
Published: October 2023

Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 is a subunit of the retromer complex, a vital constituent of the endosomal protein sorting pathway. The D620N mutation in the VPS35 gene has been reported to be linked to type 17 Parkinson’s Disease progression, the exact molecular mechanism remains to be solved. The scientific community would benefit from the accessibility of validated and high-quality anti-hVPS35 antibodies. In this study, we characterized thirteen hVPS35 commercial antibodies for Western Blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence using a standardized experimental protocol based on comparing read-outs in knockout cell lines and isogenic parental controls. We identified many high-performing antibodies and encourage readers to use this report as a guide to select the most appropriate antibody for their specific needs.
Developing potential drugs for insomnia through computational analysis
Authors: Oronyi Isaac , Kagia Richard
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Insomnia is a condition that affects the quality of life of an individual. It is associated with a lack of sleep or interrupted sleep. If not managed, insomnia may end up causing conditions such as obesity, heart conditions, hypertension, and mental disorders. Lack of sleep is also associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease. There is, therefore, a need to develop a drug that manages insomnia with desirable clinical outcomes Methods: The canonical smiles of Zolpidem, Suvorexant, Ramelteon, and Triazolam were obtained from PubChem. The study used the online tool SwissSimilarity to identify structural analogs for Zolpidem, Suvorexant, Ramelteon, and Triazolam. The canonical smiles were copied to PubChem Sketcher were converted to a 2- dimensional (2D) format. The Avogadro was used to optimize the ligands. The respective receptors were obtained from the Protein Data Bank. Chimera was used to prepare the receptor and the docking, using AutoDock Vina. SwissADME and Protox server was used in the determination of the pharmacokinetics and toxicity profiles, respectively. Results: Docking scores, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity profiles of the analogs were recorded. Nine structural analogs from the ZINC database (ZINC000004222622, ZINC000003981996, ZINC000003825731, ZINC000000000903, ZINC000039247014, ZINC000010152022, ZINC000000347721, ZINC000065743121 ZINC000022054496) were found to have a better docking score, blood brain barrier permeability, Lipinski’s violations, synthesizability index, gastrointestinal tract absorption, p-glycoprotein substrate metabolism LD50 compared to the parent drug molecules. All the nine molecules had good synthesizability index, gastrointestinal absorption and zero Lipinski violations indicating good oral availability. Conclusions: Ramelteon analogs ZINC000004222622, ZINC000003981996, and ZINC000003825731, Triazolam drug-like molecules, ZINC000000000903, ZINC000039247014, ZINC000010152022, and ZINC000000347721 and Zolpidem drug-like molecules ZINC000065743121 and ZINC000022054496 were identified as the best compound bases on the pharmacokinetic binding to the respective receptors and toxicity profiles.
Estimation of prevalence of risk factor of hypertension among population of Wardha district between age group of 35-60 years: a study protocol.
Authors: Dadmal Amruta , Mude Gaurav
Published: October 2023

A serious medical condition known as hypertension or elevated blood pressure significantly rises the risk of brain, heart, kidney, and other medical conditions. It is the most common cardiovascular disease globally and is now recognized as a major health issue that needs to be addressed. It serves as a warning sign for serious illnesses including myocardial infarction, stroke and renal failure. An estimated 46% of the population with hypertension are not aware of the condition they have. Only 42% of those diagnosed with hypertension receive a diagnosis and treatment. 21% (1/5) of the population who have hypertension have it under control. Around the world, high blood pressure (HBP) is a main cause of early death. Knowledge on the prevalence of risk factors for hypertension is needed because there are relatively few community-based research projects on the condition. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of hypertension risk factor in the Wardha district in the state of Maharashtra in western India. A cross-sectional study will be performed. The study’s strength lies in the use of a standardized risk factor check list, which will ensure consistency in data collection and minimize bias. The use of a large sample size (165 patients) will also improve the precision of study and increase the generalization of the result.
Comparative evaluation of the effect of the complete denture on airflow between hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients - in vivo study
Authors: Minase Dhanashree , Sathe Seema
Published: October 2023

Background: Edentulism is a disabling condition of oral cavity and can impact the stomatognathic system as a whole, which cause a reduction in the size of the airway lumen. Among the vital functions affected by edentulism, respiration is one of the most important as edentulism affects cardio-respiratory symptoms by increasing pharyngeal collapsibility. A prosthodontist's priority should be in-depth knowledge of the patient in order to encourage patients to recognize the type of prosthesis they might require. Spirometry is a technique for determining how well a respiratory system is working and its mechanical qualities by measuring volumes of lungs and their capacities. Previous studies have suggested that hypertensive individual’s pulmonary function measures were significantly lowered than the percentage anticipated values in spirometry. Hypertensive patients had lower pulmonary function metrics, according to certain researchers.

We aim to evaluate the effect of complete dentures on the airflow in hypertensive and non-hypertensive complete denture wearers.

Methods: The study is an in vivo study and will be carried out in the Prosthodontics department. This study will be comprised of 40 subjects, over 40 years of age, split into two groups. Measurement of the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), and the forced vital capacity (FVC) will be done in all participants. Statistical analysis will be performed by using the Chi-square test will be applied for analysis and the students’ unpaired t-test. Evaluation will be done in four groups- wearing both dentures, without both dentures and only upper and only lower dentures.

Expected results: This study may show a definite correlation in the airflow between hypertensive complete denture wearers and non-hypertensive complete denture wearers. Changes in treatment plans by shifting to other treatment modalities can be done if the study shows a reduction in airflow in the hypertensive complete denture wearers and non-hypertensive complete denture wearers.
Statistics
Authors: Edronova Valentina
Published: October 2023

In this textbook, the methodology of statistics is presented in the unity of quantitative assessment and meaningful analysis of the state, development, forecast and connections of socio-economic phenomena. The evolution of statistics as a science and its subject, methods of calculating absolute, relative, average indicators in the assessment of socio-economic phenomena are considered. The content and types of statistical observation and summary are described.
The characteristic of selective observation and methods of calculating its errors are given. The methods of research of development and forecasting based on the series of dynamics, as well as indices in assessing the development and relationships of phenomena, the basics of correlation and regression analysis of relationships are considered.
Meets the requirements of the Federal State educational Standard of higher education of the latest generation in the field of training "Economics".
For students studying in economic specialties.
Accounting (management) accounting. Fundamentals of theory. Practical tasks. Tests
Authors: Kizilov Aleksandr
Published: October 2023

The textbook contains questions of the theory of accounting (management) accounting, tasks for conducting practical classes on the course "Accounting (management) accounting".
For the purposes of current control over the study of the material passed on all topics, tests are given to help students consolidate knowledge, and teachers find out the degree of assimilation of the subject.
A distinctive feature of this publication is that the proposed material is presented not only by text, but also by drawings, diagrams that contribute to a more effective perception of the course being studied.
Complies with the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of all forms of education in the field of preparation 38.03.01 "Economics".
Finances of state extra-budgetary funds in the digital economic order
Authors: Levchaev Petr
Published: October 2023

The textbook reveals the theoretical, methodological and practical foundations of state extra-budgetary funds. The structure of the presentation of the material allows you to consistently master important topics of the course, as well as check your level of training. The textbook gives a comprehensive idea of the specifics of functioning, the basics of the formation and use of funds of the state extra-budgetary funds of the state.
The debatable issues of the digital economy are considered, attention is paid to the current state of digital technologies, economic principles, characteristics and opportunities of the digital services economy, forecasts of the development of digitalization processes in society and virtualization of the future economic structure are made.
In order to comprehensively assimilate the provisions of the course, in addition to considering the topics of the discipline, various forms of intermediate and final control of students' knowledge are given.
The content meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students studying in the field of Economics, as well as graduate students and anyone interested in the problems of extra-budgetary funds and public finance.
Performing work by the profession of a worker: tractor driver-machinist of agricultural production. Workshop
Authors: Saydullaeva Lyudmila
Published: October 2023

In the textbook on the implementation of practical work on PM.04 "Performance of work on one or more professions of workers, positions of employees of the MDK.04.01 — Performance of work in the profession of a worker: tractor driver-machinist of agricultural production" the methods and technologies of performing work in crop production during the cultivation of agricultural crops, the general arrangement of machines and aggregates are considered. The agrotechnical requirements for the performance of mechanized work in crop production, information on the preparation of machines for work and the adjustment of their working bodies to the specified working conditions, the rules of operation of machines and aggregates that ensure their most effective use in agricultural production, as well as methods of quality control of the operations performed.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students of secondary vocational educational organizations in the specialty 35.02.16 "Operation and repair of agricultural machinery and equipment", as well as in other technical specialties of secondary vocational education.
Knowledge economy and digital transformation of business
Authors: Kel'chevskaya Natal'ya , Pelymskaya Irina , Chernenko Il'ya
Published: October 2023

The textbook examines the social and economic aspects of the formation of the knowledge economy in the modern period and the development of new methods and approaches in the management of knowledge and intellectual capital of organizations in the context of digitalization. The article analyzes the evolution of approaches to organization management due to the development of intellectual capital of companies and states, the formation of a knowledge-based economy, technological development of cyber-physical systems and new methods of data analysis.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of economic specialties of higher educational institutions and a wide range of readers interested in practical and theoretical problems of the knowledge economy, knowledge management and intellectual capital.
Recreational tourism: Crimean prospects
Authors: Selivanov Viktor
Published: October 2023

The textbook discusses issues related to a number of theoretical and practical problems related to the study of the possible direction of the formation of innovative projects in the field of development
of tourist and excursion activities of enterprises of the tourist and recreational complex of the Republic of Crimea.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying tourism, studying in the direction of training 43.03.02 "Tourism", profile "Technology and organization of travel agency and tour operator
services", teachers and specialists in the field of hospitality and tourism, as well as a wide range of readers interested in the Crimean region and the issues of long-term development of tourism.
Physiology with the basics of anatomy
Authors: Tyukavin Aleksandr , Vasil'ev Andrey , Arseniev Nikolay , Karelina Nalal'ya , Davydov Aleksey , Nikitina Ekaterina , Sayfitdinova Alsu , Zachepilo Tat'yana , Muruzheva Zamira , Karpenko Marina , Hvastunova Irina , Solomennikov Aleksandr , Trofimov Aleksandr , Gayvoronskiy Ivan , Nichiporuk Gennadiy , Degtyarev Vitaliy , Chereshnev Valeriy , Dorohov Evgeniy
Published: October 2023

The textbook presents modern ideas about the structure and functions of the human body in accordance with the curriculum of the discipline "Physiology with the basics of anatomy".
The morphofunctional features of living systems and basic physiological processes that manifest themselves at the level of cells, tissues, organs and the body as a whole are highlighted. The main genomic and epigenomic mechanisms of regulation of intracellular processes, as well as molecular mechanisms of adaptation of cells to the action of environmental factors are presented. The structure and precision neurohumoral mechanisms of functioning of internal organ systems are described. The reproductive function is considered, the main stages of individual human development are shown. The main systems mediating immunity, oxygen and circulatory regimes, metabolism and energy, as well as the water-electrolyte balance of the body are described. Information about the role of histohematic barriers in maintaining homeostasis of the human internal environment is presented. The principles of the organization and functioning of the central nervous system are highlighted, the basics of perception and psychophysiological relationships, the architectonics of the behavioral act, human biorhythms, as well as neurophysiological mechanisms of pain are considered.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of the specialty of pharmaceutical universities and faculties studying in the specialty 33.05.01 "Pharmacy". It can be used as additional educational literature by students of medical universities.
Organization of construction production
Authors: Serov Viktor
Published: October 2023

The content of the organization of construction production, its purpose, tasks are considered. The main provisions on the organization of design and surveys in construction, organizational and technical preparation for construction, the basics of the flow organization of construction, methods of scheduling the construction of facilities, including using network methods and models, provisions and methods of organizing construction sites and designing construction master plans, as well as the organization of logistics and transport support are outlined construction.
Meets the requirements of the federal state standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying in the fields of "Economics" (profile "Economics of enterprises and organizations") and "Management" (profile "Production Management").
Law of obligations
Authors: Formakidov Dmitriy
Published: October 2023

The textbook is a systematic, complete and at the same time concise presentation of the law of obligations as a sub-branch of civil law of the Russian Federation, which allows you to easily and quickly master the material in preparation for seminars or control events.
It contains information about general provisions on obligations and contracts, as well as certain types of civil obligations arising from unilateral actions, contracts, causing harm and unjustified enrichment.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is addressed to students, postgraduates of law faculties (universities) studying Russian civil law, as well as teachers and anyone interested in the legal regulation of contractual relations.
Digital platforms and ecosystems in public administration
Authors: VASIL'EVA ELENA , GROMOVA ALLA , ZARAMENSKIH EVGENIY , KOShKIN ANDREY , PETROV MIHAIL , SLAVIN BORIS
Published: October 2023

The monograph is devoted to one of the most relevant topics in the field of modern automation systems of authorities — digital platforms and ecosystems in public administration. The main architectural solutions, components, and technologies used in the construction of existing Russian and international distributed and high-load digital platforms are identified; approaches that determine the choice of certain solutions, components, and technologies are described. The assessment of the demand for technological trends is compiled, the main classes of information systems used to provide social services to the population are formulated. A conceptual approach to the development and implementation of a targeted digital platform for the social sphere is proposed, and the transition from platforms to digital ecosystems is also shown. Theory and practice are connected. It contains rich illustrative material, case studies, features of the application of various methodologies in solving issues of creating digital services, which can be used both in practice and in the educational process.
For undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate students studying in the areas of training (specialties) "Business Informatics", "Applied Informatics", "State and Municipal Administration", "Economics", "Management".
Nonparametric consent criteria
Authors: Lemeshko Boris
Published: October 2023

The monograph discusses the application of nonparametric criteria of agreement (Kolmogorov, Cooper, Kramer-Mises -Smirnov, Watson, Anderson -Darling, Zhang) when testing simple and complex hypotheses.
The appendix contains tables containing percentage points and statistical distribution models necessary for the correct use of criteria when testing simple and, most importantly, various complex hypotheses.
In comparison with the first edition, more attention is paid to the application of criteria in non-standard application conditions, in particular for the analysis of large samples.
It is shown that in applications, the properties of criteria can change significantly due to the presence of rounding errors, and this must be taken into account when forming statistical conclusions.
Following the recommendations in data analysis will ensure the correctness of statistical conclusions and increase their validity.
It is designed for specialists who, in one way or another, face issues of statistical data analysis, processing of experimental results, the use of statistical methods to analyze various aspects and trends of the surrounding reality in their activities. It will be useful for engineers, researchers, specialists of various profiles (physicians, biologists, sociologists, economists, etc.), university teachers, graduate students and students.
Legislation in the arrangement of Russian life: history and modernity. To the 250th anniversary of the birth of M.M.Speransky
Authors: Lazarev Valeriy , Habrieva Taliya , Krasheninnikov Pavel , Zaharcev Sergey
Published: October 2023

The book is based on the materials of the IX All-Russian Annual Meeting of Legal Theorists, dedicated to the 250th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding reformer and creator of the first code of laws of the Russian Empire Mikhail Mikhailovich Speransky.
The authors explore the creative heritage of M. M. Speransky, trace his influence on the development of theoretical legal thought and the formation of modern doctrines in constitutional, administrative and financial law.
For experts in the field of law-making, as well as a wide range of readers interested in the problems of law-making.
Constitutional judicial process
Authors: Komarova Valentina , Narutto Svetlana , Torop Yuliya , Taeva Natal'ya , Ponomarenko Aleksandr , Budaev Andrey , Sokolova Natal'ya , Osavelyuk Aleksey , Rybakova Ol'ga , Mityukov Mihail
Published: October 2023

In the textbook, from the standpoint of the current state of the science of constitutional law and taking into account the competence-based approach to mastering the knowledge of the discipline "Constitutional Judicial process", the material and procedural foundations of the constitutional judicial process at the federal level, in the subjects of the Russian Federation, special attention is paid to the experience of foreign countries and issues of interaction with international judicial bodies. Topical issues of the theory and practice of constitutional justice of modern Russia are highlighted.
For students and teachers of law and other educational institutions whose plans provide for the teaching of the constitutional judicial process; scientists and practitioners.
Indoor Generation Era. Risks and challenges
Authors: Pruszyński Jacek , Cianciara Dorota , Włodarczyk-Pruszyńska Inga , Górczak Małgorzata , Padzińska-Pruszyńska Irena
Published: October 2023

Our ability to remain in good health, both physical and mental, largely depends on the amount of time we spend out of doors. Certain changes to our lifestyle which came about due to technological progress have reduced the frequency of direct contact with the natural world and resulted in people remaining indoors for around 90% of their time. This has a negative impact on our health due to prolonged exposition to indoor pollutants, including light pollution on account of artificial lighting. A reasonable conclusion can be drawn that members of developed societies will, in the nearest future, continue to spend most of their time in various enclosed spaces. Because of this, in addition to taking steps aimed at motivating people to spend as much time as possible outside, we need to ensure that the conditions indoors are detrimental to us to the least extent possible and that the structural design of rooms where we stay supported our biological and mental needs.
Exploring Ofsted's ‘Best start in life’ report, part two
Authors: Cowley Sue
Published: October 2023

Ofsted recently published the second in a series of three research reviews, entitled the ‘Best start in life’, and focused on the early years curriculum. The reviews run alongside a series of curriculum research reviews published by the inspectorate for the National Curriculum subjects. This second early years review focuses on the prime areas within the Statutory Framework. Sue Cowley explains more.
Creating healthy movers for life: Increasing physical education in early years
Authors: Wright Chris
Published: October 2023

Figures released this summer by the Government showed that 4,000 hours of PE and sport have been cut in state-funded secondary schools in the last academic year. Physical activity throughout childhood is vital to building the foundations of health in adults. Chris Wright, head of wellbeing at Youth Sport Trust, discusses the importance of proper physical education in early years to create good habits for life, and shares tips for how practitioners can include more physical activity in settings.
Remembrance Day: Tackling difficult topics in early years
Authors: Barclay Meg
Published: October 2023

When is it suitable to discuss subjects like Remembrance Day with young children? Meg Barclay, educational consultant and trainer discusses how to approach sensitive and upsetting issues in a way that is still meaningful and safe for children in early years, in time Remembrance Day in November.
Minimally invasive lip treatments: from alienisation to normalisation
Authors: Harris Steven
Published: October 2023

When it comes to judging beauty, we tend to focus first on the eyes and lips. Minimally invasive lip procedures involving hyaluronic acid dermal fillers have become extremely popular, including certain trends involving distortions of normal anatomy. These distortions, referred to as ‘alienisation’, can involve all areas of the face, but with respect to the lips, they result from ‘tenting’ procedures, which create a ‘flattened’ appearance with a ‘ledge’. The reasons for why practitioners distort their patients, and indeed themselves, broadly fall under two categories of those who ‘do see’ and those who ‘do not see’. Alienisation involves increased risks to both the physical and mental well-being of patients and therefore, practitioners have a duty of care to normalise their results. The Nonsurgical Lip Tubercle Technique (NLTT) offers a safer and more effective way to enhance lips by focusing on their natural anatomy, in particular, the lip tubercles; the results maintain the individual's lip type and normal lip function
Catalysts of Open Education in Colorado: A Qualitative Study of Enabling Forces in OE Momentum
Authors: Hey Maya
Published: October 2023

What are/were the catalysts that enabled Open Education (OE) momentum in Colorado, and what can be gleaned from its origin stories? Using a mix of qualitative methods (e.g. interviews, narrative analysis, discourse analysis), this paper maps the forces, both actual and imagined, that enabled OE to flourish across the state. This paper locates patterns specific to Colorado and analyzes the interdependent and interpersonal aspects of the OE movement/philosophy there. It arrives at the conclusion that two themes in particular (state-level support and community characteristics) contribute to Colorado’s reputation as an OE leader. Rather than view these as distinct forces, the two themes entwine and synergistically enhance the other. This paper contributes to growing research in the area of second-order OE thriving and sustainability. It makes the case that, while identifying barriers to OE can assist with action-oriented research, identifying the enabling forces can also offer a more nuanced understanding in a particular place: less of the bad is one tactic, more of the good is another.
Food-Borne Diseases and their Impact on Health
Authors: Almaary Khalid Salmeen
Published: October 2023

Food safety remains a vulnerable issue in the face of foodborne disease outbreaks, which have significant consequences for individuals, the food industry, and the economy. This article aimed to investigate the impact of food borne diseases on food quality along with the public health concerns related to contaminated foods. This study was conducted through secondary data extracted from the literature on an emerging and concerning topic, which revealed that the emergence of antibiotic resistance in foodborne bacteria has a significant impact on public health. Resistant bacterial infections pose considerable costs to society and threats to food safety and the health of the population as a whole. Multidrug-resistant microorganisms causing illnesses possess several biological mechanisms to counteract the drugs’ effectiveness and avoid being killed by them. It has been extracted that foodborne illnesses are caused by bacterial infections from various pathogens, including Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium botulinum, Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio spp., Shigella spp., Escherichia coli, Campylobacter spp., and Salmonella spp. Foodborne illness epidemiological surveillance methods are powerful tools for monitoring the phenomenon that occurs in populations. These population-based approaches, focused on advancing technology and advanced molecular subtyping available to public health laboratories, are essentially suitable for cooperation with foodborne diseases correlated with cluster-produced and widely distributed food products.
A Recent Advancement Towards Herbal Biomass-Assisted Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Shivhare Ruchi , Jain Neelam
Published: October 2023

Using plant extracts in metal nanoparticle production is a straightforward, practical, cost-effective, and ecologically benign alternative to the use of harmful chemicals. As a consequence, several approaches for the quick manufacture of silver nanoparticles that are acceptable to the environment and use aqueous extracts of plant materials including leaves, bark, and roots have been published recently. In this paper, recent advancements in the area of environmentally friendly manufacturing of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using diverse plant extracts are highlighted and expanded upon, along with the potential use of these materials as antibacterial agents. A thorough analysis of the potential effects of phytochemical concentrations in plant extracts, extraction temperatures, extraction solvents, reaction temperatures, reaction times, reaction pHs, and precursor concentrations. Furthermore provided are extensive details on the potential mechanism by which AgNPs have strong antibacterial action and induce cell death in pathogens by interacting with their cell walls. In addition, whereas chemical methods for shape-controlled synthesis are widely established, controlling the shape of biologically generated AgNPs has several advantageous effects on its activities.
Screening of Phytochemicals from Derris indica for Antimycobacterial Potential using Molecular Docking Analysis
Authors: Kashyap Harsh , Makol Vanshika , Khatri Manisha
Published: October 2023

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, responsible for causing tuberculosis (TB) in humans, continues to pose a significant worldwide threat, causing extensive fatalities as the most prominent bacterial disease and urgent attention is required to develop novel anti-TB drugs. Throughout the history of medicine, natural remedies have consistently held a vital position, offering valuable references for the development of new drugs. The present study aimed to screen phytoconstituents of Derris indica as inhibitors of protein kinase B, an enzyme critical for cell wall synthesis of Mtb using in silico approach. Molecular docking of phytochemical library of D. indica against PknB was carried out to explore binding interactions, alongwith in silico toxicity prediction of the phytoconstituents. The shortlisted phytoconstituents demonstrated favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics suitable for oral absorption and met the criteria set by Lipinski's rule of five, indicating their potential as drug candidates. Six compounds (Pongaflavanol, Kaempferol, Quercetin, Karanjin, Ovaliflavanone A and Pongaglabrone) demonstrated significant binding interactions with the minimum binding energy ranging from -9.71 kcal/mol to -8.68 kcal/mol as compared with conventional synthetic drugs. These selected phytoconstituents may serve as valuable starting points for the future advancement of effective and safe antimycobacterial drug.
Association between Anti-Sperm Antibody and Intra-cytoplasmic Sperm Injection Outcomes Among Male Infertility Patients
Authors: Alkhafaji Haider Rafea Chiflawy , Hassan Sahib Yahiya , Al-Esawi Saaduldeen Gali
Published: October 2023

Background: Infertility, a clinical and public concern, affects both social life and the health system. Sperm abnormalities which include (Oligozoospermia), (teratozoospermia) or abnormalities related to sperm motility are essential factors in male infertility. Anti-sperm antibodies (ASA) are the leading cause of immune infertility in men (autoimmune disease). Intra-cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is specially designed to manage severe cases of male-factor infertility. this study aimed to determine the effect of ASA on ICSI outcomes among Normospermia and (Oligozoospermia, Asthenozoospermia and Teratozoospermia). Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional study performed at Fertility Center, Najaf-Iraq between Jan to June 2023, it included 50 couples who suffered from a minimum of 12 months of primary fertility who had attended the Fertility Center. They were divided into four groups (Normospermia, Oligospermia, Teratozoospermia, and Asthenospermia) according to their seminal fluid analysis (SFA). Sperms were collected by ICSA, immobilized, and processed. The oocytes were collected, injected, and prepared for fertilization , after that fertilization took place. Finally, pregnancy was examined in each female partner. Results: there was no significant difference in the age of the four groups, there was no relationship between ASA and Sperm concentration, and there was no relationship between ASA and Normal Sperm Morphology, fertilization , & pregnancy rates, in addition to other ICSI outcomes, were similar among the four groups.in conclusion, pregnancy rates were higher in the normospermia group than the other three groups and ICSI overcomed the presence of ASA in the semen plasma.
Perioperative Analgesia for Forequarter Amputation in a Morbidly Obese Patient: Dual ESP Block Catheters Plus Interscalene Block
Authors:   Department of General Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio., Taleb Husien , Trela Stefan ,   Department of General Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio., Ayoub Mohammad I ,   Department of General Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
Published: October 2023

Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a novel fascial plane block that has been first described in 2016. ESPB has been considered as an alternative for brachial plexus blocks in the shoulder and upper back surgeries as the erector spinae muscle extends to the cervical level. We present a case of a 34-year-old, 6-foot, 145 kg female patient with a BMI of 43.5, for which we successfully inserted dual-level ESPB catheters combined with single shot interscalene for an upper extremity forequarter amputation. Keywords: Erector spinae plane block, Interscalene block, Morbidly obese, Forequarter amputation
Common Peroneal Nerve Palsy Due to Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome after Military Training: A Case Report
Authors: Meshram Prashant , Owais Syed , Althani Saeed
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The common peroneal nerve (CPN) palsy in military personnel due to chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is uncommon. There are no previous reports of treatment of this condition with simultaneous CPN and superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) neurolysis and compartment release. Case Report: An 18-year-old military recruit presented with complete CPN palsy after sitting cross-legged for 2 h in training. After 3 months of failed non-operative treatment, a clinical diagnosis of CECS with CPN palsy was made and the patient was treated with simultaneous CPN and SPN neurolysis and release of the anterior and lateral leg compartments. The patient had full recovery at 6 months post-operative period and returned to sports at 1 year follow-up. Conclusion: This case report of a young military recruit with CPN palsy after prolonged cross-legged sitting in the setting of CECS demonstrates successful treatment with simultaneous CPN and SPN neurolysis and anterior and lateral compartment release. Future studies should explore the efficacy of this treatment option and prevention strategies of CPN palsy in military personnel. Keywords: Penoreal, palsy, compartment syndrome, chronic exertional compartment syndrome, military, surgery.
Outcome Analysis of Adult Distal Radius Fractures Managed During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Southend University Hospital, Westcliff on Sea, Essex, United Kingdom., Maliyappa Chandrashekara , Raghupathi Anantha ,   Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Southend University Hospital, Westcliff on Sea, Essex, United Kingdom., Rupasinghe Dilupa ,   Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Southend University Hospital, Westcliff on Sea, Essex, United Kingdom., Iancu Persidiu ,   Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Southend University Hospital, Westcliff on Sea, Essex, United Kingdom., Mohamed Muawia ,   Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Southend University Hospital, Westcliff on Sea, Essex, United Kingdom., Qazzaz Layth ,   Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Southend University Hospital, Westcliff on Sea, Essex, United Kingdom.
Published: October 2023

Background: COVID-19 pandemic created extreme pressure situation on health care services across the globe with shortage of medical staff and beds. The management of fragility fracture also affected significantly. The distal radius fractures (DRFs) are one of the common frailty fractures. There was a significant shift in the treatment of such injuries with new guidelines leaning toward more of non-operative management. Case Report: A retrospective cross-sectional study of DRFs (DRF) treated during COVID pandemic for a period of 1 year in the United Kingdom. This included all radiologically confirmed cases of DRFs with isolated adult injuries excluding polytrauma, same limb other injuries, associated neurovascular injuries, and age below 18 years. All patient’s data were collected from hospital records retrospectively from April 2020 to March 2021. There was(were) a total of 179 patients with distal radius fracture, of which 141 (78.8%) were females and 38 (21.2%) males. The mean age was 68.2 years (SD 68.20 ± 15.63) and there were greater number of patients with intra-articular fracture. There were 28.5% (Grades 1 and 2, Group I) extra-articular fractures; 69.8% (Grades 3–8, Group II) were intra-articular fractures and 3 Barton’s fractures (Group III) accounted to 1.7%. 137 patients were (76.5%) treated to non-operatively and 42 (23.5%) were treated surgically. 135 (75.4%) patients had good and 43 (24%) satisfactory clinical outcomes. 3 (1.6%) patients required osteotomy for malunited fractures. Fracture grade I and II is significantly associated with non-operative procedure (100.0% vs 84.3%) with P < 0.001. Conclusions: This study confirmed that non-operative treatment is still a good option even in intra-articular fractures. Surgical fixation should be considered in young patients and those with higher grade of fracture classification and greater angulation at presentation. A virtual physiotherapy is still a good option. Keywords: Wrist fractures, COVID-19, retrospective study, adult.
Management of a Massive Solitary Femoral Condyle Bone Cyst at the Site of Knee Osteoarthritis with a Synthetic Bone Graft and Primary Robotic-assisted Cementless Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,, Ibaseta Alvaro , Pasqualini Ignacio ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,, Tidd Joshua L ,   [1] Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA, [2] Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University,, Ramos Michael S ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,, Piuzzi Nicolas S ,   [1] Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA, [3] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Subarticular cystic lesions, also known as geodes, present a challenge in the management of patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Although multiple treatment options are available for addressing these lesions, uncertainty persists regarding the optimal approach. Case Report: A 58-year-old man with a history of rheumatoid arthritis presented with several years of left knee pain. Evaluation showed severe left knee degenerative osteoarthritis complicated by the presence of a large lateral femoral condyle cyst. After failing conservative management, a robotic-assisted cementless cruciate-retaining TKA was indicated. The large bone cyst was managed with augmentation using synthetic bone grafting. 1 year postoperatively, he showed excellent clinical outcomes and radiographic evidence of osteointegration. Conclusion: This case highlights the value of robotic-assisted technology to plan and execute bone grafting of a large femoral cystic lesion while performing TKA with primary components. A computed tomography-imaged robotic TKA offers the potential benefit of screening bone cysts and thus planning a surgical approach in which bone preservation can be maximized. Keywords: Robotic arthroplasty, geode, bone cyst, injectable regenerative graft, bone void filler.
Pediatric Forearm Impalement Injury: A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Jiwan Jyoti Christian Hospital, Robertsganj (Affiliated to Emmanuel hospital Association), Uttar Pradesh, India., James Joyance
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Impalement injuries are relatively rare injuries but they can present with significant surgical challenges depending on the site of injury. They can occur through a variety of mechanisms such as fall on a sharp object, assault with a sharp object, high-velocity road traffic accidents, and shrapnel injuries during a blast. Adequate pre-operative planning and surgical execution is of utmost importance for optimal outcome. Case Report: We report a case of a 7-year-old child who presented with an impalement injury with a metal rod of a fence, following a fall on the fence while playing. The rod was removed under vision after ruling out any vascular injury. The child recovered without any residual deficits or sequelae. Conclusion: Proper history and mechanism of injury should be verified at the outset. Complete evaluation should be done to make sure it is a local injury; vascular and neurological status needs to be confirmed and documented before any procedure. Removal under vision in the operating theater under the cover of adequate antibiotics and debridement and wound lavage reduces rates of infection and post-operative morbidity. Keywords: Impalement injury, penetrating injury, metal rod.
Bilateral Non-traumatic Neglected Femoral Neck Fracture in a Healthy Adolescent: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India., Pandey Ritesh Arvind , Garg Lakshay ,   Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Bilateral femoral neck fracture in children is uncommon and is extremely rare in the absence of significant injury or any underlying systemic and local bone disease. Diagnosis in these healthy children is usually delayed due to the presence of mild symptoms and lack of suspicion for a fracture. Case Report: We report a case of 13-year-old girl with a bilateral neck of femur fracture without any history of trauma or any underlying systemic or local disease. The child presented to us 6 months after the onset of symptoms and was managed by osteosynthesis and valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy. The fractures on both sides healed satisfactorily without any evidence of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. However, nonunion of the intertrochanteric osteotomy was observed on the left side. It was subsequently managed by open reduction and bone grafting and healed satisfactorily thereafter. The relevant literature about this rare case has been discussed. Conclusion: Management of late presenting fractured neck femur is more complex and often needs more invasive procedures. Besides, it is known to increase the risk of complications and compromise the treatment outcome. Hence, it is important to realize the possibility of a fracture neck femur in an otherwise normal child and such children should be evaluated and treated at the earliest for a better outcome. Keywords: Bilateral, children, femoral neck fracture, pediatric, non-union, valgus osteotomy.