bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Putting it Together, Together
Authors: Zheng Chen , Tversky Barbara
Published: February 2024

People are not as fast or as strong as many other creatures that evolved around us. What gives us an evolutionary advantage is working together to achieve common aims. Coordinating joint action begins at a tender age with such cooperative activities as alternating babbling and clapping games. Adult joint activities are far more complex and use multiple means of coordination. Joint action has attracted qualitative analyses by sociolinguists, cognitive scientists, and philosophers as well as empirical analyses and theories by cognitive scientists. Here, we analyze how joint action is spontaneously coordinated from start to finish in a novel complex real‐life joint activity, assembling a piece of furniture, a task that captures the essentials of joint action, collaborators, things in the world, and communicative devices. Pairs of strangers assembled a TV cart from a stack of parts and a photo of the completed cart. Coordination prior to each assembly action was coded asexplicit, using speech or gesture, orimplicit, actions that both advanced the task and communicated the next step. Initial planning relied on explicit communication about structure, but not action nor division of labor, which were improvised. That served to establish a joint representation of the goal that informed actions and monitored progress. As assembly progressed, coordination was increasingly implicit, through actions alone. Joint action is a dynamic interplay of explicit and implicit signaling with respect to things in the world to coordinate ongoing progress, guided by a shared representation of the goal.
The impact of acute asymmetric hearing loss on multisensory integration
Authors: Böing Sanne , Van der Stigchel Stefan , Van der Stoep Nathan
Published: February 2024

Humans have the remarkable ability to integrate information from different senses, which greatly facilitates the detection, localization and identification of events in the environment. About 466 million people worldwide suffer from hearing loss. Yet, the impact of hearing loss on how the senses work together is rarely investigated. Here, we investigate how a common sensory impairment, asymmetric conductive hearing loss (AHL), alters the way our senses interact by examining human orienting behaviour with normal hearing (NH) and acute AHL. This type of hearing loss disrupts auditory localization. We hypothesized that this creates a conflict between auditory and visual spatial estimates and alters how auditory and visual inputs are integrated to facilitate multisensory spatial perception. We analysed the spatial and temporal properties of saccades to auditory, visual and audiovisual stimuli before and after plugging the right ear of participants. Both spatial and temporal aspects of multisensory integration were affected by AHL. Compared with NH, AHL caused participants to make slow, inaccurate and unprecise saccades towards auditory targets. Surprisingly, increased weight on visual input resulted in accurate audiovisual localization with AHL. This came at a cost: saccade latencies for audiovisual targets increased significantly. The larger the auditory localization errors, the less participants were able to benefit from audiovisual integration in terms of saccade latency. Our results indicate that observers immediately change sensory weights to effectively deal with acute AHL and preserve audiovisual accuracy in a way that cannot be fully explained by statistical models of optimal cue integration.
Survival of new and small retail businesses facing mega‐retailers in non‐metropolitan areas—The case of Walmart in the province of Quebec
Authors: Cissé Ismaëlh , Dubé Jean
Published: February 2024

The aim of this paper is to study the impact of Walmart's entry on the survival of new and small retail businesses within non‐metropolitan areas in the province of Quebec. To do so, the study covers the years 1999–2007 and focuses on four non‐metropolitan cities. These include two Walmart entry cities, Rimouski and Salaberry‐de‐Valleyfield, and two other cities, where no Walmart was present during the study period, La Pocatière and Sorel‐Tracy. The results of a difference‐in‐differences analysis, conducted through a semi‐parametric Cox proportional hazards model, reveal that the entry of Walmart decreases the risk of closure of the new and small retail businesses.
Clay larvae do not accurately measure biogeographic patterns in predation
Authors: Rodriguez‐Campbell Antonio , Rahn Olivia , Chiuffo Mariana C. , Hargreaves Anna L.
Published: February 2024

Aim

Spatial variation in predation can shape geographic patterns in ecology and evolution, but testing how predation varies across ecosystems is challenging as differing species compositions and defensive adaptations can mask underlying patterns. Recently, biogeography has borrowed a tool from ecology: clay prey models. But clay models have not been adequately tested for geographic comparisons, and a well‐known problem –that clay prey only appeal to a subset of potential predators– could bias detected geographic patterns whenever the relative importance of predator guilds varies among sites. Here, we test whether clay larvae accurately capture geographic differences in predation on real larvae.

Location

90° of latitude and >2000 m elevation across the Americas.

Taxon

Vertebrate and invertebrate predation on ‘superworms’ (Zophobas larvae).

Methods

Across six sites that vary dramatically in latitude, elevation, and biome, we quantified predation on live, dead, and clay larvae. We physically excluded vertebrate predators from some larvae to distinguish total predation and invertebrate‐only predation.

Results

Predation on live superworms almost doubled from our high‐elevation high‐latitude site to our low‐elevation tropical site. Geographic patterns were consistent among live and dead larvae, but clay larvae missed extremely high predation at some sites and therefore mis‐measured true geographic patterns. Clay larvae did a particularly bad job at capturing geographic patterns in predation by invertebrates, although sample sizes for invertebrate predation were small.

Main Conclusions

Clay larvae are inappropriate for comparing predation rates across sites. They should be abandoned for biogeographic studies and reserved for comparisons within, rather than across, predator communities.
Bottom‐up dynamics in circular innovation systems: The perspective of circular start‐ups
Authors: Henry Marvin , Kirchherr Julian , Raven Rob , Hekkert Marko
Published: February 2024

The concept of circular economy (CE) is proposed to lead humanity toward a sustainable future. Public authorities increasingly build on CE narratives. The progress of private sector actors is key to enable more circular resource flows. Still, the world falls far short from becoming circular and large‐scale implementation of CE in actual problem–solution spaces is scarce. This study sheds light into the external strategies of circular start‐ups (CSUs) in building an adequate socio‐institutional embedding for circular business models (CBMs) and puts the findings in the context of CE and sustainability transformations research. CSUs are a distinct group of CE‐oriented actors that build and implement CBMs wholistically and from scratch. Thereby, they can directly and indirectly contribute to the creation of circular innovation systems. This study defines the common CE mission of CSUs, sets it in context of respective socio‐political CE missions, and scrutinizes the roles that CSUs adopt to drive systemic CE implementation. We observe that CSUs’ strategic interventions go further than only novelty creation. This article proposes and elaborates on four roles that CSUs adopt:conveners,reinforcers,pioneers, andchampions. The roles differ according to the CSU business models, stakeholders, the institutional elements that are addressed, as well as the directionalities that CSUs set. The findings are discussed considering the governance, policies, and strategic management of various directionalities in which CE innovation develops. It sheds light on inadequacies and limitations for bottom‐up CE innovation in existing norms and cognition, policy, and network governance.
Phenotyping Down syndrome: discovery and predictive modelling with electronic medical records
Authors: Nguyen T. Q. , Kerley C. I. , Key A. P. , Maxwell‐Horn A. C. , Wells Q. S. , Neul J. L. , Cutting L. E. , Landman B. A.
Published: February 2024

Background

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have a heightened risk for various co‐occurring health conditions, including congenital heart disease (CHD). In this two‐part study, electronic medical records (EMRs) were leveraged to examine co‐occurring health conditions among individuals with DS (Study 1) and to investigate health conditions linked to surgical intervention among DS cases with CHD (Study 2).

Methods

De‐identified EMRs were acquired from Vanderbilt University Medical Center and facilitated creating a cohort of N = 2282 DS cases (55% females), along with comparison groups for each study. In Study 1, DS cases were one‐by‐two sex and age matched with samples of case–controls and of individuals with other intellectual and developmental difficulties (IDDs). The phenome‐disease association study (PheDAS) strategy was employed to reveal co‐occurring health conditions in DS versus comparison groups, which were then ranked for how often they are discussed in relation to DS using the PubMed database and Novelty Finding Index. In Study 2, a subset of DS individuals with CHD [N = 1098 (48%)] were identified to create longitudinal data for N = 204 cases with surgical intervention (19%) versus 204 case–controls. Data were included in predictive models and assessed which model‐based health conditions, when more prevalent, would increase the likelihood of surgical intervention.

Results

In Study 1, relative to case–controls and those with other IDDs, co‐occurring health conditions among individuals with DS were confirmed to include heart failure, pulmonary heart disease, atrioventricular block, heart transplant/surgery and primary pulmonary hypertension (circulatory); hypothyroidism (endocrine/metabolic); and speech and language disorder and Alzheimer's disease (neurological/mental). Findings also revealed more versus less prevalent co‐occurring health conditions in individuals with DS when comparing with those with other IDDs. Findings with high Novelty Finding Index were abnormal electrocardiogram, non‐rheumatic aortic valve disorders and heart failure (circulatory); acid–base balance disorder (endocrine/metabolism); and abnormal blood chemistry (symptoms). In Study 2, the predictive models revealed that among individuals with DS and CHD, presence of health conditions such as congestive heart failure (circulatory), valvular heart disease and cardiac shunt (congenital), and pleural effusion and pulmonary collapse (respiratory) were associated with increased likelihood of surgical intervention.

Conclusions

Research efforts using EMRs and rigorous statistical methods could shed light on the complexity in health profile among individuals with DS and other IDDs and motivate precision‐care development.
The potential use of daphnia meal as substitute for fishmeal in diets of hybrid red tilapia affects growth performance, activities of digestive enzymes, antioxidant, immune status and intestinal histological parameters
Authors: Abo‐Taleb Hamdy A. , Mabrouk Mohamed M. , El‐Tabakh Mohamed A. M. , Abdelzaher Othman F. , Nabeeh Ahmed , Elokaby Mohamed A. , Ashour Mohamed , Sallam Ahmed E. , Mansour Abdallah T. , El‐feky Mohamed M. M.
Published: February 2024

The current study aimed to evaluate growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant status, nonspecific immune response and intestinal histological status of red tilapia fed Daphnia meal (DM) as a substitute for fishmeal (FM). Hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis aureus) fry (0.54 ± 0.05 g fish−1) was allocated in nylon haba cages (100 fry m−3) for 2 weeks as an acclimation period. The fish were divided into five groups (three replicates each). The experimental diets were prepared by replacing FM with DM at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% respectively. The results indicated that fish fed increasing levels of DM (50%–75%) experienced high growth performance, feed utilisation and protein content. The activities of digestive enzymes were significantly increased in all groups fed DM diets compared to the control. The antioxidant balance was improved by decreasing the level of malondialdehyde and increased the total antioxidant capacity, catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase activities in the liver of fish fed DM. The nonspecific immune response, including lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase activities and total protein level improved significantly with increasing FM substitution levels by DM in a dose‐dependent manner. Histometric analysis of the intestinal wall revealed an increase in the villus length, crypts depth and goblet cells number in groups fed DM meal up to 50% substitution level compared to other treatments. It may be concluded from results of this feeding trial that in the aquaculture of hybrid tilapia, FM may be substituted with up to 50% DM without compromising intestinal health, growth performance and immune status of the fish.
Assembling an illustrated family‐level tree of life for exploration in mobile devices
Authors: Del Risco Andrés A. , Chacón Diego A. , Ángel Lucia , García David A.
Published: February 2024

Since the concept of the tree of life was introduced about 150 years ago, a considerable fraction of the scientific community has focused its efforts on its reconstruction, with remarkable progress during the last two decades with the advent of DNA sequences. However, the assemblage of a comprehensive and explorable tree of life has been a difficult task to achieve due to two main obstacles: (i) information is scattered into several individual sources and (ii) practical visualization tools for exploring large trees are needed. To overcome both challenges, we aimed to synthesize a family‐level tree of life by compiling over 1400 published phylogenetic studies, choosing the source trees that represent the best phylogenetic hypotheses to date based on a set of objective criteria. Moreover, we dated the tree by employing over 550 secondary calibrations using publicly available sequences for more than 5000 taxa and by incorporating age ranges from the fossil record for over 2800 taxa. Additionally, we developed a mobile app for smartphones to facilitate the visualization and exploration of the resulting tree. Interactive features include exploration by the zooming and panning gestures of touch screens, collapsing branches, visualizing specific clades as subtrees, a search engine, and a timescale to determine extinction and divergence dates, among others. Small illustrations of organisms are displayed at the terminals to better visualize the morphological diversity of life. Our assembled tree currently includes over 7000 families, and its content will be expanded through regular updates to cover all life on earth at the family level.
Respect for others' risk attitudes and the long‐run future
Authors: Mogensen Andreas L.
Published: February 2024

When our choice affects some other person and the outcome is unknown, it has been argued that we should defer to their risk attitude, if known, or else default to use of a risk‐avoidant risk function. This, in turn, has been claimed to require the use of a risk‐avoidant risk function when making decisions that primarily affect future people, and to decrease the desirability of efforts to prevent human extinction, owing to the significant risks associated with continued human survival. I raise objections to the claim that respect for others' risk attitudes requires risk‐avoidance when choosing for future generations. In particular, I argue that there is no known principle of interpersonal aggregation that yields acceptable results in variable population contexts and is consistent with a plausible ideal of respect for others' risk attitudes in fixed population cases.
Speciation in the Iranian plateau: Molecular phylogeny and evolutionary history of the Persian long‐tailed desert lizard
Authors: Boroumand Hamid , Saberi‐Pirooz Reihaneh , Bafti Soheila Shafiei , Böhme Wolfgang , Ahmadzadeh Faraham
Published: February 2024

Mesalina watsonana is a well‐known species of small lacertid lizards with an extensive species distribution that exhibits high genetic diversity. The species has a wide distribution range in Iran, some parts of Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northwest India. This study aims to generate phylogenetic and phylogeographic evidence to derive taxonomic recommendations supporting. Furthermore, this species can be used as a model for examining Iranian Platuea's historical biogeography. We conducted a very detailed sampling of its distribution and used genetic approaches. Phylogenetic analyses were done implementing two mitochondrial (Cytb and 16S) and one nuclear (C‐mos) gene fragments. Combination of these results indicated that seven well‐supported distinct clades exist within this species complex, i.e. Kerman clade, Esfarayen clade, Halil clade, Ardestan clade, M. watsonana clade, Bardaskan Clade, and Khuzestan Clade in Iran. Also, our results revealed that several distinct clades diverged due to geologic events when the Dasht‐e‐Kavir and the Zagros Mountains were formed. It seems that the ancestor of M. watsonana spread to Iranian Plateau before the formation of the Zagros Mountains. Orogenic activities of the Zagros Mountains and the formation of deserts have influenced the separation of these lineages from the Late Miocene by allopatric speciation. Generally, our findings suggest that each of the seven clades corresponding to distinct geographic regions deserves to be elevated to the species level.
The Impact of Online Negative Reviews on Consumer Purchasing Intention in the Apparel Industry: The Mediating Role of Perceived Risk
Authors: Yang Yuhui , Li Xiangmei
Published: February 2024

This paper constructs a model that examines how online negative reviews impact consumer purchasing intention in the apparel industry under the mediating role of perceived risk. A questionnaire survey was conducted among consumers in the clothing industry, and the collected data underwent descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The results indicate that the quantity, content quality, and perceived risk of online negative reviews negatively affect purchasing intention, with the inhibitory effect of content quality being particularly prominent. Furthermore, the mediating impact of perceived risk is validated. To better understand the perceptual processes behind consumer behavior, this study reveals this connection and provides targeted online reputation management recommendations for apparel businesses. The managerial implications of this paper lie in the necessity for clothing enterprises to establish effective feedback mechanisms for online negative reviews and implement measures to reduce consumers’ perceived risk in purchasing decisions.
Fotografía pintoresca y antropométrica: un instrumento de dominio y expansión colonial en el contexto brasileño y su descolonización a través de la obra de Rosana Paulino
Authors: Velásquez Sánchez Ximena
Published: February 2024

La fotografía pintoresca de tipos pretos y antropom.trica realizada en Brasil, al igual que en otros lugares de América a finales del siglo XIX, es analizada como un instrumento de dominio y expansi.n colonial, que sirvió para promover y perpetuar el modelo esclavista al intentar naturalizar el trabajo esclavo de la población negra, que durante más de tres siglos mantuvo la econom.a de los reinos. Para este propósito, se realiza un análisis del uso y las características del retrato en Occidente, en general, encontrando que los recursos formales y técnicos son los mismos, pero su rol social fue marcadamente diferente, aspecto que contribuyó a la exotización y deshumanización del cuerpo negro, características que han sobrevivido hasta nuestra época promoviendo el racismo en nuestra sociedad. En una segunda instancia, se analiza la obra de la artista Rosana Paulino, quien busca una reafirmación histórica de la violencia esclavista desde una perspectiva crítica y sensible, a través de la apropiación fotogrífica en la producción de obras de arte. Este procedimiento lo denomino segunda vida de la imagen, con la finalidad de resaltar la transformación política y formal que adquiere el archivo fotográfico desde el campo del arte. Asimismo, se busca examinar aspectos de la fotografía, como la ampliación, fragmentación, transferencia y reproducción, entre otros, que más allá de ser una serie de recursos formales se presentan como cuestiones teóricas y simbólicas en la producción de obras de arte en la actualidad.
Objetos domésticos, piel re-negra: entre la mirada colonial y la herejía en la obra de Liliana Angulo
Authors: Pineda Repizo Fabrizio
Published: February 2024

Este artículo presenta una reflexión en torno a la relación entre la obra de la artista Liliana Angulo y la crítica a la mirada colonial como vector configurador de la subjetividad en Latinoamérica. El recurso de Angulo de hacer visible la relación entre objetos domésticos y “negrita” da cuenta de la intersección entre género y raza en los prejuicios culturales de la sociedad colombiana y la mirada colonial heredada con la que se establece la jerarquía de clasificación de los cuerpos en esta. Para explorar esta relación y su posible resistencia expresada desde el arte, se desarrollarán tres análisis. Primero, la disposición del cuerpo femenino afrodescendiente en correlación con objetos domésticos que signan una jerarquía de dominación generizada y racializada encuentra resonancia en las maneras en que se ha forjado el sujeto colonial tanto en la circulación de un mimetismo como en la posibilidad de invertir los códigos del orden unívoco de la colonialidad y sus efectos en la gradiente del género y la raza. Segundo, en efecto, en la manera en que las mujeres de las imágenes de Angulo performan la relación con los objetos y articulan formas de expresión se puede plantear una potencia de expresión hereje que confronta estos códigos. Finalmente, la herejía, y el sujeto hereje, expresado en esa relación entre cuerpo y objetos en la obra de Angulo, pueden ser proyectados

como una línea estética del arte colombiano.
El archivo de Juan Guillermo Rúa Figueroa: comprensión de la experiencia de un afrointelectual de Medellín en el siglo XX
Authors: Cabezas Galindo Wilson David , Ciacchi Andrea , Henao Hander Andrés , Bustamante García Gustavo Adolfo
Published: February 2024

El artículo se basa en el estudio documental de la experiencia artística del teatrero y polifacético artista afrocolombiano Juan Guillermo Rúa Figueroa, cuya trayectoria artístico-política permite reconocer e identificar a un afrointelectual de Medellín en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Así que, al describir los procesos y los diversos avatares en la formación, preservación, organización, digitalización, difusión y estudio de su archivo personal, tratamos de dilucidar el carácter estructural del racismo, la clandestinización y el mnemocidio de la afrointelectualidad en Medellín y en Colombia. Como sustentación teórico-metodológica, partimos de la “epistemología vagabunda” emanada de la trayectoria del intelectual Manuel Zapata Olivella, que abre hermenéuticamente el archivo en dirección al desvelamiento de los mecanismos de racialización.
Clima escolar y funcionalidad familiar como factores asociados a la intimidación escolar en Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Moratto Váquez Nadia Semenova
Published: February 2024

Objetivo.

Determinar la relación entre clima escolar, funcionalidad familiar e intimidación escolar en

estudiantes de Antioquia (Colombia).

Método.

Se encuestaron 2421 estudiantes, con edades comprendidas

entre los 9 y los 18 años, que asistían a instituciones educativas en las nueve subregiones del departamento.

Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la Escala de Clima Escolar, APGAR familiar y CIE-A abreviada.

Resultados.

Los análisis multivariados y de regresión logística binomial encontraron que en los estudiantes antioqueños

que reportaron un clima escolar inadecuado tienen una probabilidad de riesgo de presentar alta intimidación

escolar cuatro veces mayor, mientras que la probabilidad de riesgo medio de intimidación es tres veces mayor,

frente a los jóvenes que reportaron una percepción de un clima escolar adecuado. A su vez, el reporte de

disfunción familiar indicó asociación con un clima escolar inadecuado.

Conclusión.

Se evidenció no solo una

estrecha vinculación entre la percepción de un clima escolar inadecuado y la aparición de la intimidación

escolar en este contexto, sino que la funcionalidad familiar es la base fundamental para resolver las di

fi

cultades

que en el día a día se presentan en el ambiente escolar.
Efectos del juego grupal en el desarrollo psicológico de un niño con síndrome de Down
Authors: González Moreno Claudia Ximena , Solovieva Yulia
Published: February 2024

Objetivo.

Evaluar los efectos de una intervención basada en el juego grupal en el desarrollo psicológico de un

niño de siete años con síndrome de Down.

Método.

El programa fue diseñado a partir de las propuestas de la

concepción histórico-cultural de la actividad de juego y el desarrollo psicológico, bajo un diseño metodológico

de pretest y postest, con comparaciones intra e intersujeto.

Resultados.

El análisis mostró que el juego grupal

fomenta el desarrollo positivo de la comunicación, la interacción social, la expresión de las emociones, la

actividad voluntaria, la actividad objetal y la función simbólica del niño del caso experimental. El niño del

caso control no mostró los mismos resultados en la evaluación postest.

Conclusión.

Se discute la utilidad de la

aplicación del juego de roles en grupos de niños con retraso del desarrollo, en la que se tenga en cuenta el tipo

de actividad predominante y el nivel de desarrollo psicológico para asegurar que los niños con esta condición

médica se bene

fi

cien de la intervención.
El racismo del cuerpo: procesos psicosociológicos de discriminación escolar
Authors: Kaplan Carina Viviana , Szapu Ezequiel
Published: February 2024

Objetivo.

Reflexionar en torno a los resultados de un estudio socioeducativo, el cual tenía el propósito de

comprender la construcción social de los cuerpos y las emociones de los estudiantes y sus relaciones con

la producción de las violencias. Esto, teniendo en cuenta que la convivencia se enmarca en un entramado

de vínculos sociales, cuya matriz emocional se codifica y decodifica a través de los cuerpos.

Método.

Se

empleó la entrevista en profundidad por medio de una guía semiestructurada. Para el análisis de datos se

empleó un procedimiento inductivo-deductivo.

Resultados.

El análisis de los testimonios brindados por

jóvenes atravesados por condiciones materiales y simbólicas de marginalidad urbana, permitió interpretar

ciertos rasgos corporales que funcionan como signos de humillación y autohumillación, particularmente la

piel. El racismo del cuerpo se expresa en los modos de la interacción escolar, en la que unos grupos se creen

superiores y subsumen a los otros a quienes consideran de menor valía social.

Conclusión.

Ante el sentimiento

de exclusión y negación de la subjetividad se pueden desencadenar ciertos comportamientos asociados con

la violencia hacia los otros, o bien generar prácticas de autodestrucción. La piel es depositaria de este dolor

social que puede traducirse en autoagresiones corporales.
A Foucauldian Autoethnographic Account of a Male Former Soccer Player’s Move to Coaching Female Players: A Call to Problematize the Importation of Gendered Assumptions During a Common Coaching Transition
Authors: Jones Luke , Avner Zoe
Published: February 2024

It has frequently been observed that the disproportionate number of male coaches within women’s soccer is problematic, not least, because it limits the opportunities for the progression of female coaches. Despite this, the transition from “male former player to male coach of female players” is one that remains common, is likely to continue, yet is not widely discussed in the sport/coach transition literature. This is an oversight given the numerous problematic outcomes that are routinely connected to the presence of male coaches in women’s sport. In this confessional, analytical autoethnography, we build upon our existing work regarding coaching women’s soccer that has been informed by Michel Foucault’s conceptual framework. Precisely, we use a collection of creative narrative reflections to discuss the first author’s transition from that of a British semiprofessional soccer player context, to an Assistant Coach of a female soccer team in a North American varsity program. In so doing, we trace and map some of the (problematic) learned gendered assumptions which initially shaped and guided the first author’s coaching assumptions, relationships, approaches, and practices within this context, before unpacking some of the challenges he navigated along the way (with varying degrees of success). We end by summarizing our paper and a call to male coaches working with female athletes to reflect on how “thinking with Foucault” might help them to coach in more ethical and gender-responsive ways by both problematizing imported gendered assumptions and developing active allyship practices.
Structural basis for sugar perception by
Drosophila
gustatory receptors
Authors: Ma Demin , Hu Meiqin , Yang Xiaotong , Liu Qiang , Ye Fan , Cai Weijie , Wang Yong , Xu Ximing , Chang Shenghai , Wang Ruiying , Yang Wei , Ye Sheng , Su Nannan , Fan Minrui , Xu Haoxing , Guo Jiangtao
Published: February 2024

Insects rely on a family of seven transmembrane proteins called gustatory receptors (GRs) to encode different taste modalities, such as sweet and bitter. We report structures of
Drosophila
sweet taste receptors GR43a and GR64a in the apo and sugar-bound states. Both GRs form tetrameric sugar-gated cation channels composed of one central pore domain (PD) and four peripheral ligand-binding domains (LBDs). Whereas GR43a is specifically activated by the monosaccharide fructose that binds to a narrow pocket in LBDs, disaccharides sucrose and maltose selectively activate GR64a by binding to a larger and flatter pocket in LBDs. Sugar binding to LBDs induces local conformational changes, which are subsequently transferred to the PD to cause channel opening. Our studies reveal a structural basis for sugar recognition and activation of GRs.
Estimating the joint association of adverse childhood experiences and asthma with subsequent depressive symptoms: a marginal structural modelling approach
Authors: Takemura Yuta , Sato Koryu , Liang Richard , Isobe Masanori , Kondo Naoki , Inoue Kosuke
Published: February 2024

Background

The relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and depression risk has been well documented. However, it remains unclear whether stress-related chronic conditions associated with ACEs, such as asthma, increase the long-term mental health burden of ACEs.

Objective

To investigate the joint association of ACEs and asthma with subsequent depressive symptoms among US adults.

Methods

This study used data from the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System 2010, including 21 544 participants over 18 years old from four states where participants were questioned about ACEs. We used logistic regression models to calculate the adjusted OR (aOR) for elevated depressive symptoms evaluated by Patient Health Questionnaire-8 according to ACEs and asthma, along with marginal structural models (MSM) to consider ACE-related confounders between asthma and depression. We evaluated the additive interaction between ACEs and asthma on depressive symptoms with the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI).

Findings

Of the 21 544 participants (mean age: 56, women: 59.5%), 52.3% reported ≥1 ACEs, 14.9% reported a history of asthma and 4.0% had depressive symptoms. ACEs and asthma were independently associated with elevated depressive symptoms (aORs (95% CI) were 2.85 (2.30 to 3.55) and 2.24 (1.50 to 3.27), respectively). Furthermore, our MSM revealed an additive interaction between ACEs and asthma for depressive symptoms (RERI (95% CI)=+1.63 (0.54 to 2.71)).

Conclusions

These findings suggest that asthma amplifies the risk of depressive symptoms associated with ACEs.

Clinical implications

Prevention and treatment of asthma, along with establishing preventive environments and services against ACEs, are effective in mitigating the potential burden of ACEs on mental health.
First exploration of the on-treatment changes in tumor and organ uptake of a radiolabeled anti PD-L1 antibody during chemoradiotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer using whole body PET
Authors: Pouw Johanna E E , Hashemi Sayed M S , Huisman Marc C , Wijngaarden Jessica E , Slebe Maarten , Oprea-Lager Daniela E , Zwezerijnen Gerben J C , Vugts Danielle , Ulas Ezgi B , de Gruijl Tanja D , Radonic Teodora , Senan Suresh , Menke-van der Houven van Oordt C Willemien , Bahce Idris
Published: February 2024

Background

In patients with locally advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), durvalumab, an anti-programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) antibody, has shown improved overall survival when used as consolidation therapy following concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). However, it is unclear whether CRT itself upregulates PD-L1 expression. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the changes in the uptake of the anti PD-L1 antibody [89Zr]Zr-durvalumab in tumors and healthy organs during CRT in patients with NSCLC.

Methods

Patients with NSCLC scheduled to undergo CRT were scanned 7±1 days after administration of 37±1 MBq [89Zr]Zr-durvalumab at baseline, 1-week on-treatment and 1 week after finishing 6 weeks of CRT. First, [89Zr]Zr-durvalumab uptake was visually assessed in a low dose cohort with a mass dose of 2 mg durvalumab (0.13% of therapeutic dose) and subsequently, quantification was done in a high dose cohort with a mass dose of 22.5 mg durvalumab (1.5% of therapeutic dose). Tracer pharmacokinetics between injections were compared using venous blood samples drawn in the 22.5 mg cohort. Visual assessment included suspected lesion detectability. Positron emission tomography (PET) uptake in tumoral and healthy tissues was quantified using tumor to plasma ratio (TPR) and organ to plasma ratio, respectively.

Results

In the 2 mg dose cohort, 88% of the 17 identified tumor lesions were positive at baseline, compared with 69% (9/13) for the 22.5 mg cohort. Although the absolute plasma concentrations between patients varied, the intrapatient variability was low. The ten quantitatively assessed lesions in the 22.5 mg cohort had a median TPR at baseline of 1.3 (IQR 0.7–1.5), on-treatment of 1.0 (IQR 0.7–1.4) and at the end of treatment of 0.7 (IQR 0.6–0.7). On-treatment, an increased uptake in bone marrow was seen in three out of five patients together with a decreased uptake in the spleen in four out of five patients.

Conclusions

This study successfully imaged patients with NSCLC with [89Zr]Zr-durvalumab PET before and during CRT. Our data did not show any increase in [89Zr]Zr-durvalumab uptake in the tumor 1-week on-treatment and at the end of treatment. The changes observed in bone marrow and spleen may be due to an CRT-induced effect on immune cells.

Trial registration number

EudraCT number: 2019-004284-51
Approaches to neuropathic amputation-related pain: narrative review of surgical, interventional, and medical treatments
Authors: Markewych Adrian N , Suvar Tolga , Swanson Marco A , Graca Mateusz J , Lubenow Timothy R , McCarthy Robert J , Buvanendran Asokumar , Kurlander David E
Published: February 2024

Background/importance

Neuropathic amputation-related pain can consist of phantom limb pain (PLP), residual limb pain (RLP), or a combination of both pathologies. Estimated of lifetime prevalence of pain and after amputation ranges between 8% and 72%.

Objective

This narrative review aims to summarize the surgical and non-surgical treatment options for amputation-related neuropathic pain to aid in developing optimized multidisciplinary and multimodal treatment plans that leverage multidisciplinary care.

Evidence review

A search of the English literature using the following keywords was performed: PLP, amputation pain, RLP. Abstract and full-text articles were evaluated for surgical treatments, medical management, regional anesthesia, peripheral block, neuromodulation, spinal cord stimulation, dorsal root ganglia, and peripheral nerve stimulation.

Findings

The evidence supporting most if not all interventions for PLP are inconclusive and lack high certainty. Targeted muscle reinnervation and regional peripheral nerve interface are the leading surgical treatment options for reducing neuroma formation and reducing PLP. Non-surgical options include pharmaceutical therapy, regional interventional techniques and behavioral therapies that can benefit certain patients. There is a growing evidence that neuromodulation at the spinal cord or the dorsal root ganglia and/or peripheral nerves can be an adjuvant therapy for PLP.

Conclusions

Multimodal approaches combining pharmacotherapy, surgery and invasive neuromodulation procedures would appear to be the most promising strategy for preventive and treating PLP and RLP. Future efforts should focus on cross-disciplinary education to increase awareness of treatment options exploring best practices for preventing pain at the time of amputation and enhancing treatment of chronic postamputation pain.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR SYSTEM DYNAMICS OF Ca2+ AND DOPAMINE IN A FIBROBLAST CELL
Authors: KOTHIYA ANKIT , ADLAKHA NEERU
Published: February 2024

Fibroblasts significantly affect wound healing, cancer progression and development. Disturbances in the calcium [Formula: see text] and dopamine [Formula: see text] dynamics leads to fibrotic disorders like cancer and fibrosis. Calcium signaling is required for [Formula: see text] concentrations in fibroblasts. Alteration in the many processes of [Formula: see text] kinetics can disturb [Formula: see text] regulation in fibroblast cells. No model has been reported till date for the study of spatiotemporal relationships of [Formula: see text] with calcium signaling in fibroblasts. A model is provided here to study the dynamic relationship of [Formula: see text] regulation with calcium signaling in a fibroblast cell. Finite element and Crank–Nicholson techniques are employed for numerical simulation. The numerical results provide insights into the buffer, source influx, and diffusion effects on the spatiotemporal dynamics of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in a fibroblast. Disturbances in the constitutive processes in the system dynamics of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] can cause fibrotic diseases such as fibrosis and cancer in various organs.
THE JARROW AND TURNBULL SETTING REVISITED
Authors: KRABICHLER THOMAS , TEICHMANN JOSEF
Published: February 2024

We consider a financial market with zero-coupon bonds that are exposed to credit and liquidity risk. We revisit the famous Jarrow & Turnbull  ( 1995 ) setting in order to account for these two intricately intertwined risk types. We utilize the foreign exchange analogy that interprets defaultable zero-coupon bonds as a conversion of nondefaultable foreign counterparts. The relevant exchange rate is only partially observable in the market filtration, which leads us naturally to an application of the concept of platonic financial markets as introduced by Cuchiero et al.  ( 2020 ). We provide an example of tractable term structure models that are driven by a two-dimensional affine jump diffusion. Furthermore, we derive explicit valuation formulae for marketable products, e.g. for credit default swaps.
The associative algebra of derivations of a group algebra
Authors: Creedon Leo , Hughes Kieran
Published: February 2024

In this paper, necessary and sufficient conditions on a group algebra of a finitely generated group [Formula: see text] over a finite field [Formula: see text] are determined such that the set of derivations of the group algebra form an associative [Formula: see text]-algebra. The derivations of [Formula: see text] form a nontrivial associative [Formula: see text]-algebra if and only if [Formula: see text] has characteristic 2 and [Formula: see text] is the direct product of a finite abelian group of odd order with either a cyclic 2-group or an infinite cyclic group. In this special case, the Jacobson radical of the resulting [Formula: see text]-algebra is determined.
COMPLEX CONTAGION IN SOCIAL SYSTEMS WITH DISTRUST
Authors: DE KEMMETER JEAN-FRANÇOIS , GALLO LUCA , BONCORAGLIO FABRIZIO , LATORA VITO , CARLETTI TIMOTEO
Published: February 2024

Social systems are characterized by the presence of group interactions and by the existence of both trust and distrust relations. Although there is a wide literature on signed social networks, where positive signs associated to the links indicate trust, friendship, agreement, while negative signs represent distrust, antagonism, and disagreement, very little is known about the effect that signed interactions can have on the spreading of social behaviors when, not only pairwise, but also higher-order interactions are taken into account. In this paper, we introduce a model of complex contagion on signed simplicial complexes, and we investigate the role played by trust and distrust on the dynamics of a social contagion process, where exposure to multiple sources is needed for the contagion to occur. The presence of higher-order signed structures in our model naturally induces new infection and recovery mechanisms, thus increasing the richness of the contagion dynamics. Through numerical simulations and analytical results in the mean-field approximation, we show how distrust determines the way the system moves from a state where no individuals adopt the social behavior, to a state where a finite fraction of the population actively spreads it. Interestingly, we observe that the fraction of spreading individuals displays a non-monotonic dependence with respect to the average number of connections between individuals. We then investigate how social balance affects social contagion, finding that balanced triads have an ambivalent impact on the spreading process, either promoting or impeding contagion based on the relative abundance of fully trusted relations. Our results shed light on the nontrivial effect of trust on the spreading of social behaviors in systems with group interactions, paving the way to further investigations of spreading phenomena in structured populations.
Ab-Initio Calculation of Electronic Properties of Doped GaN Nanoribbon
Authors: Ismayilova N. A.
Published: February 2024

In this study, the electronic and magnetic properties of hydrogen-passivated armchair and zigzag GaN nanoribbons are investigated using density-functional theory. We explore that doped TM atom leads to additional levels in the band gap and thus plays an essential role in spin polarization and changes their properties. Depending on its location in the nanoribbon, the character of spin-dependent electronic property of a doped GaN-NR was analyzed. Our calculations show that, regardless of the position of Mn atoms, GaNNTs are stable in ferromagnetic phase.
Characterization of Green and Chemically Synthesized Yttrium Oxide Nanoparticles from Tribulus Terrestris
Authors: Pukale Archna , Sahay Archna , Shaikh Shamim
Published: February 2024

Nanotechnology has a significant impact on different fields such as medicine, information technology, energy, advanced materials, textiles, and many other new areas. In this study, the characterization of the green synthesized and chemically synthesized nanoparticle from Tribulis terrestris was studied. Yttrium nitrate hexahydrate was employed as a precursor material for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Characterization study was performed by using UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, FE-SEM. For green synthesis, the peak was observed at 311[Formula: see text]nm while for chemically synthesized nanoparticles the maximum peak absorption was seen at 239[Formula: see text]nm. The FTIR analysis for green synthesized nanoparticles reveals the presence of three prominent peaks due to C–O stretching vibration, C–O bending vibration and Y–O vibration. Chemically synthesized nanoparticles show the presence of C–O stretching vibration, C–O bending vibration and OH-stretching. The results of SEM studies indicated the particle shape and size of chemically synthesized nanoparticles and green synthesized nanoparticles. Green synthesized Y2O3 NPs are an appropriate option for use in medicinal applications. Furthermore, detailed in vivo studies are needed to determine the safety and effectiveness of these green synthesized Y2O3 nanoparticles.
2-Point Markov Evolutions
Authors: Accardi Luigi , Dhahri Ameur
Published: February 2024

We study the Markov evolutions associated to the expected Markov processes.
Deviation from Equilibrium of QMS of Weak Coupling Limit Type with Respect to Uniform and Completely Nonequilibrium Invariant States
Authors: Cruz de la Rosa M. A. , García J. C. , Guererro-Poblete F. , Hernández A.
Published: February 2024

We study the deviation from equilibrium with respect to a special class of states, the so called uniform and completely nonequilibrium, which were introduced and characterized in [11]. We compute explicitly such a deviation, we obtain an equivalent expression in terms of circulant matrices and give a bound for it. Finally, as an example, we make explicit computations in the three level case.
Prospective Analysis of Simulated Pneumatic Tourniquet Use and Oedema Following Axillary Lymph Node Dissection
Authors: WU Edward J. , LAI Cara H. , MURAOKA Kunihide , SEGOVIA Nicole , KLEIMEYER John P. , YAO Jeffrey
Published: February 2024

Background: Tourniquet use during upper extremity surgery in patients with a history of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) remains controversial due to the perceived but unproven risk of lymphoedema. We prospectively evaluated upper extremity swelling in patients with a history of unilateral ALND using a standardised tourniquet model.

Methods: A tourniquet was applied to the upper arm bilaterally, with the unaffected side serving as an internal control. Each arm was subsequently held in an elevated position to reduce swelling. Hand volume was measured using an aqueous volumeter.

Results: The patients’ ALND arms experienced slightly greater increases in volume following tourniquet application compared to their healthy control arms. However, this amount of oedema was temporary and reversible, as both arms experienced spontaneous resolution of swelling with no significant difference in residual hand volume at the conclusion of the study.

Conclusions: Tourniquet use may be safe in patients with a history of ALND. Further investigation is needed to verify this in a surgical setting.

Level of Evidence: Level II (Therapeutic)