bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İki Zamanlı Benzinli Motorların Teorik Çevrimlerinin Parametrik İncelenmesi
Authors: ORMAN Recep Çağrı
Published: September 2022

Özellikle küçük tarım makinelerinde, küçük ulaşım araçlarında ve düşük kapasiteli güç jeneratörlerinde sıklıkla tercih edilen iki zamanlı motorlar 19. yüzyıldan bu yana kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada basit bir termodinamik model oluşturulmuş ve motor performansını etkileyici tasarım parametrelerinden geometrik sıkıştırma oranı, egzoz açılma açısı ve biyel uzunluğu-krank yarıçapı oranı parametrelerinin etkileri 50 cc kurs hacmine sahip bir motorun performansı için sayısal olarak incelenmiştir. Buna göre bu üç parametrenin efektif sıkıştırma oranı, maksimum sıcaklık, maksimum basınç ve efektif güç parametrelerine etkileri üçlü grafiklerle incelenmiştir. Böylelikle her üç tasarım parametresinin etkisi tek bir grafikle incelenmiştir. Yapılan sayısal inceleme neticesinde motor performansını en etkileyen tasarım parametresinin geometrik sıkıştırma oranı olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte biyel uzunluğu-krank yarıçapı oranının artırılması da motor performansını belirgin bir biçimde iyileştirmektedir. Egzoz açılma açısının düşük tercih edilmesinin motor performansını iyileştirdiği görülmüştür. Burada sunulan sonuçlar özellikle motor tasarımcılarının kullanabileceği niteliktedir.
Relation of Money Supply (M2) with Inflation
Authors: Önder Hatice
Published: September 2022

Türkiye ekonomisinin uzun yıllardır en önemli sorunlarından birisi enflasyondur. İstikrar programlarının önceliği haline gelmiş hedeflerinden biri kronikleşmiş enflasyonu düşürüp kalıcı bir şekilde kontrol etmektir. Enflasyon genel
itibariyle fiyatlar genel seviyesinde meydana gelen devamlı bir artış olarak tanımlanmakta olup ulusal paranın değerinin düşmesiyle de sonuçlanmaktadır. Genel itibariyle de enflasyonun para miktarında meydana gelen artışa bağlı
olduğu başka bir ifadeyle enflasyonun parasal olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Bunun nedeni ise para arzı ile fiyatlar genel düzeyi ilişkisinin temelinde miktar teorisinin olması ve para arzı ile enflasyon arasında nedensellik ilişkisine
yönelik Klasik, Keynesyen, Parasalcı ve Yapısalcı gibi başta gelen yaklaşımlarla beraber geniş bir literatüre dayanmasıdır. Bu çalışmada, iktisat literatürü içerisinde hem teorik olarak hem de ampirik olarak yaygın bir araştırma
konusu olan para arzı - enflasyon ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın literatüre en önemli katkısı ise güncel bir veri setinin kullanılmasıdır. Para ile enflasyon arasında nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu hipotezinden yola çıkarak
Türkiye açısından 2005-2022 dönemine ait aylık veriler kullanılarak zaman serisi analizi yoluyla inceleme yapılmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmada değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için öncelikle Fourier ADF (FADF) birim kök testi,
Engle-Granger eşbütünleşme testi ve Toda & Yamamoto nedensellik yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizde değişkenler arasında eşbütünleşme olduğu ortaya çıkmış ve para arzından enflasyona doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi
bulunmuştur.
Efficacy of Different Treatments for Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A System Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ling Yunyan , Jin Meng , Zhu Meiyan , Wang Yan , Chen Yong , Peng Zhenwei
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

Over the past decade, the treatment landscape for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has expanded considerably. Therefore, this network meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of combination treatment versus sorafenib.

Materials and Methods:

A systematic literature review was conducted to select eligible studies. A network meta-analysis was performed to compare the overall survival (OS) and objective response rate (ORR) among anti- programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) plus anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) plus sorafenib and sorafenib in patients with advanced HCC. Furthermore, for patients without extrahepatic spread, the comparison of the OS among transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus radiotherapy (RT), anti-PD-1/PD-L1 plus anti-VEGF, HAIC plus sorafenib and sorafenib was conducted.

Results:

A total of 1182 articles were screened through database searching, among which 7 studies involving 1639 patients were included in the analysis. By comparison of 6-month OS, 12-month OS and ORR, anti-PD-1/PD-L1+anti-VEGF was considered the best intervention in advanced HCC anti-PD-1/PD-L1 plus anti-VEGF versus sorafenib: 12-month OS: HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.47–0.88; ORR: odd ratio, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.38–0.74). While for patients without extrahepatic spread, the above four interventions showed similar OS; however, TACE plus RT rank the best with a P-score of 57.07%.

Conclusions:

In patients with advanced HCC, anti-PD-1/PD-L1+anti-VEGF was associated with highest ranking of OS compared with HAIC plus sorafenib and sorafenib. TACE plus RT might be a more favorable choice than other treatments in advanced HCC without extrahepatic spread.

Highlights:
Analisis Total Fenol Dan Flavonoid Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack)
Authors: Ramadhani Nurfijrin , Samudra Agung Giri , Pertiwi Reza , Utami Cyntia Dwi , Muslimah Annisa , Syahidah Wafa , Khodijah Petri Siti
Published: September 2022

Daun sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) memiliki aktivitas dan kandungan antioksidan yang kuat yang terkait dengan kadar fenol dan flavonoid, namun pada kulit batang penelitian masih terbatas. Kandungan fenol dan flavonoid di dalam kulit batang sungkai diharapkan dapat menjadi sumber alam pengembangan obat sintesis dan suplemen.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan metabolit sekunder kulit batang sungkai dan menetapkan kadar fenol dan flavonoid kulit batang sungkai. Metode penelitian ini dengan mengekstrak kulit batang sungkai yang telah dirajang dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol etanol 70%. Selanjutnya hasil ekstraksi diuapkan dengan rotary evaporator. Ekstrak kulit batang sungkai diskrining fitokimia dengan pereaksi warna serta diuji kandungan fenol total dan flavonoid total dengan metode kolorimetri. Pereaksi Folin–Ciocalteu digunakan sebagai pengompleks senyawa fenolik dan menggunakan baku pembanding asam galat. Penentuan kadar total flavonoid menggunakan metode alumunium klorida dan standar kuersetin sebagai baku pembanding. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ekstrak kulit batang sungkai positif fenol, flavonoid, alkaloid, dan saponin. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh total fenol ekstrak kulit batang 14.97±1.28 mg ekuivalen asam galat/ g ekstrak sedangkan total flavonoid sebesar 29.41±0.64 mg ekuivalen kuersetin/ g ekstrak.
Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Melalui Pelatihan Microsoft Office Pada Aparat Desa di Kecamatan Lamasi Timur Kabupaten Luwu Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Irmayani Irmayani , Sudirman Andi Mangnguntungi
Published: September 2022

Kemajuan informasi dan teknologi menuntut sebuah kewajiban pada penguasaan ilmu di bidang tekonologi informasi untuk menghadapi era globalisasi ini. Tidak kurangnya dalam bidang pemerintahan. Pembuatan arsip atau dokumen yang dulunya menggunakan mesin ketik, sekarang menggunakan komputer yang lebih praktis dan efisien. Adapun pembuatan dokumen ini menggunakan aplikasi Microsoft Office, di antaranya yang menjadi fokus dan sering digunakan adalah Microsoft Word dan Microsoft Excel. Tujuan dari kegiatan Program Kemitraan Masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan keterampilan aparat desa dalam pengoperasian computer khususnya Microsoft Office Word dan Microsoft Office Excel. Setidaknya dasar Microsoft word dan Excel seperti penggunaan tools khususnya yang mereka gunakan untuk pembuatan laporan keuangan seperti penggunaan margin, pengaturan teks dalam table, pembuatan format tanggal dan waktu, penggunaan rumus tambah, bagi, kali, kurang serta penyusunan format logika matematika dengan baik dan benar yang dapat diterapkan pada pelaksanaan tugas dan keawajiban selama di kantor desa demi kelancaran pelayanan pada masyarakat. Melalui kegiatan pelatihan MS. Office Word dan Excel mereka dapat mengetahui pentingnya Teknologi Informasi untuk menambah pengetahuan, wawasan, dan dapat menggunakan salah satu aplikasi TI untuk mengembangkan kemampuan administrasi desa.
Analisis Minat Dan Bakat Peserta Didik Kelas 4B SDN 043 Cimuncang Terhadap Profesi yang Relevan Di Era Society 5.0
Authors: Khanesa Dhafi , Putri Salsabilla Amartya , Arifin Muh. Husen , Wahyuningsih Yona
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui minat dan bakat peserta didik kelas 4B di SDN 043 Cimuncang terhadap profesi yang relevan di era society 5.0. Metode penelitian  yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dengan wali kelas dan angket yang diisi oleh peserta didik kelas 4B SDN 043 Cimuncang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Mayoritas hobi (minat dan bakat) peserta didik sebelum pandemi Covid-19 adalah berenang sebanyak 9 peserta didik sementara hobi (minat dan bakat) peserta didik selama pandemi Covid-19 adalah main game dan menggambar sebanyak 5 peserta didik; 2) Profesi yang diminati peserta didik memilih menjadi TNI sebanyak 6 peserta didik; 3) 61,5% peserta didik mengalami kesulitan dalam mengembangkan minat dan bakatnya. Diantara kesulitan tersebut seperti konsentrasi belajar yang tidak fokus, biaya pendidikan yang mahal, pesimis dengan situasi dan kondisi di masa pandemi Covid-19, tidak punya mentor belajar, dan tidak adanya waktu untuk mengambangkan minat dan bakat; 4) 69,2% peserta didik mengetahui mengenai pengetahuan dan informasi dunia profesi dari orang tua
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pokok Bahasan Pesawat Sederhana Melalui Metode Eksperimen Di Kelas V SDI Unggulan BTN PEMDA Kota Makassar
Authors: Baso B Syukroni , Baso Munirah
Published: September 2022

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dalam pokok bahasan pesawat sederhana melalui metode eksperimen di kelas V SD Inpres Unggulan BTN Pemda Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas terdiri dari 2 siklus, dan setiap siklus terdiri atas 3 kali pertemuan. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas V sebanyak 49 orang, dan 1 guru kelas V. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes, observasi, dan dokumentasi, selanjutnya dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian, yaitu: hasil belajar siswa berdasarkan tes pratindakan pada kategori cukup, kemudian hasil belajar siswa dalam pokok bahasan pesawat sederhana pada siklus pertama tetap dalam kategori cukup dan belum memenuhi ketuntasan belajar yang diharapkan, kemudian siklus kedua meningkat menjadi kategori baik dan telah memenuhi ketuntasan belajar yang diharapkan. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa dalam pokok bahasan pesawat sederhana dapat ditingkatkan melalui metode eksperimen.
Using Reading Questioning Answering (RQA) Model to Improve Student Reading Skill During Online Learning
Authors: Ardini Feby , Hadi Muhamad Sofian , Aswir Aswir
Published: September 2022

This research is motivated by the lack of reading interest in students at MTS Khazanah Kebajikan which affects online learning activeness in increasing reading interest, student understanding and students' critical thinking skills. As we already know, online learning makes learning less effective because students can easily answer all questions from the internet without reading in detail, but there are also students who are hampered in terms of facilities, technology and networks. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method based on information data collection, interviews and observations about the problems or difficulties of students during online learning and especially in increasing students' reading interest. The main target of this research is students at MTS Khazanah Kebajikan, where students lack reading interest during online learning. With the RQA model it can be seen how high the level of students 'reading interest is during online learning and can optimize students' understanding at school.

Keyword: Education, Online Learning, Reading Interest, RQA
Deskripsi Pembekalan Program Pembelajaran Kolaboratif-Partisipatif pada Kegiatan Implementasi Kurikulum Kerjasama MBKM
Authors: Syamsuddin Agustan , Tahir Ratnawati , Munir Abdul
Published: September 2022

Kemampuan awal mahasiswa dalam merancang skenario pembelajaran belum berorientasi pada PjBL atau Case Based Learning yang bersesuaian dengan tuntutan bentuk pembelajaran yang tertuang dalam kebijakan MBKM Permendikbud Nomor 3 Tahun 2020. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan gambaran proses pembekalan program pembelajaran kolaboratif pada implementasi kurikulum kerja sama MBKM. Bentuk pembekalan difokuskan pada pengembangan kemampuan peserta Asistensi Mengajar dalam merancang skenario pembelajaran yang tertuang dalam bentuk RPP berbasis PjBL dan/atau Case Based Learning (CBL). Penelitian ini melibatkan 341 dosen, 16 tenaga kependidikan dan 3692 mahasiswa yang diperoleh melalui teknik random sampling untuk mendapatkan gambaran pengetahuan secara umum terkait implementasi program MBKM dan dampaknya pada peningkatan terhadap hard-skill dan soft-skill bagi mahasiswa di Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar. Secara umum, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa baik dosen, mahasiswa dan tenaga kependidikan bahwa implementasi program MBKM memberi konstribusi terhadap peningkatan hard-skill dan soft-skill mahasiswa. Selain itu, pembekalan program pembelajaran kolaboratif pada implementasi kurikulum kerja sama MBKM – Asistensi Mengajar dapat memberi kesempatan kepada mahasiswa untuk Menyusun scenario pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan tuntuan implementasi kurikulum MBKM.
Physiologic Effects of Housing Rats in Metabolic Cages
Authors: Giral Marta , Armengol Clara , Gavaldà Amadeu
Published: September 2022

Currently, metabolic cages (MC) are the only way to achieve serial sampling of urine and feces in rodents. However, the use of this caging creates a dramatic change from an animal's usual microenvironment. Here we sought to examine the effect of MC on physiologic parameters that are
stress-responsive in rats. We surgically implanted 8 male Wistar rats (weight, 150 to 175 g) with telemetric transmitters and allowed them to recover for at least 2 wk. At the beginning of the study, the rats were moved to conventional open-top cages, and telemetry recording was initiated.
After 24 h, the rats were moved to MC or to another conventional cage and the recording continued for another 24 h. Finally, the rats were returned to their home cages, and telemetry recording was performed for a final 24 h. After 10 days, this process was then repeated, with MC and conventional
assignments switched. During the 78-h monitoring period, we recorded heart rate, arterial blood pressure, locomotor activity, body weight, and food and water consumption. Heart rate and arterial blood pressure showed transient but significant changes. Locomotor activity during the dark phase
was greatly decreased in MC compared with conventional cages, perhaps due to space constraints. In addition, when the rats were housed in MC, they showed a small but significant weight loss. Food consumption did not differ between housing environments, but water consumption was lower when
rats were in MC. In conclusion, the housing of rats in MC for 24 h can elicit mild and reversible cardiovascular changes. This finding is consistent with European Directive 2010/63/EU, which considers short-term (less than 24 h) restraint in MC a procedure of mild severity.
Investigation of hockey referees' levels of sport commitment to attending referee training: An example of examining in terms of education level and gender variable
Authors:   Kilis 7 December University, Turkey, Gür Yunus
Published: September 2022

This study aims to examine the behaviors of hockey referees in Turkey to continue and quit the refereeing profession and to examine their sports commitment levels. A total of 70 referees (37 women, 33 men) participated in the research, including trainee, county, national and international referees. In the research, the “Sport Commitment Scale” developed by Scanlan et al. (1993) and reorganized by Vanyperen was used. The scale is a 5-point Likert scale consisting of 20 items and consists of a total of 6 sub-dimensions as enjoyment, participation alternatives, personal investment, social barriers, participation opportunities and intention to quit refereeing. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 Program. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the data showed a normal distribution. Considering the gender variable, a significant result was obtained in the sub-dimension of female referees' personal investment and participation alternatives (p < 0.05). According to the education level variable, a significant result was revealed in the sub-dimension of social barriers and quitting the refereeing (p < 0.05). As a result, it was concluded that they liked the refereeing profession, they considered it as an opportunity to participate, and especially female referees regarded the refereeing profession as a personal investment tool, and it was also found that both male and female referees were exposed to social barriers. In this sense, it is seen that the conscious awareness levels of the masters and doctoral referees are high and their stress and pressure management is better.
SEMINOMA INTRA-ABDOMINAL RELACIONADO À CRIPTORQUIDIA: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors:   Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas, Oliveira Kato Ludmila , de Sousa Oliveira Julia , Andrade Silva Lorrana , Melo Martins Mariana , Fernandes Neto Franco , Antonacci Júnior Edson ,   Hospital Imaculada Conceição
Published: September 2022

Introdução: O seminoma é um tipo de tumor de células germinativas (TCG). Tais neoplasias são responsáveis por menos de 1% dos cânceres que acometem o sexo masculino. O criptorquidismo aumenta de 10 a 40 vezes o risco de seminoma, enquanto história pessoal de TCG aumenta o risco de novo tumor primário em cerca de 10 vezes. Relato do caso: J.F.S., 54 anos, queixava-se de lombalgia frequente. Possui história prévia de criptorquidismo esquerdo. Ao exame físico, havia grande massa indolor na região infraumbilical. A ressonância mostrou uma massa pélvica heterogênea sem plano de clivagem com as alças intestinais. A conduta foi uma laparotomia exploratória, ressecando toda a massa e alguns linfonodos, além de envio da peça para estudo anatomopatológico e imuno-histoquímico. Após a confirmação do seminoma, o paciente foi estadiado e direcionado à quimioterapia. Conclusão: O caso de seminoma intra-abdominal associado à criptorquidia relatado neste estudo mostrou-se relevante em reafirmar aspectos clínicos, imagéticos, anatomopatoçógicos e imuno-histoquímicos típicos desse tipo de neoplasia de células germinativas. Por outro lado, o diagnóstico tardio e a extensão da massa abdominal trouxeram informações relevantes para a abordagem cirúrgica do tumor, além do estadiamento e tratamento adjuvante. Palavras-chave: Criptorquidismo. Neoplasias Embrionárias de Células Germinativas. Seminoma.
PERITONITE ESCLEROSANTE ENCAPSULANTE IDIOPÁTICA: UMA CAUSA RARA DE OBSTRUÇÃO INTESTINAL
Authors:   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Rocha Antonio Angelo , Rocha-Filho Antonio Angelo , Clemente da Silva Ana Gabriela , Guimarães de Moraes Schenka Natália , Souza Lima Talita Cristine , Emílio Cássia Caroline ,   Hospital Santa Casa de Poços de Caldas
Published: September 2022

Introdução: A peritonite esclerosante encapsulante (PEE) é um processo inflamatório crônico e raro que envolve, por uma membrana fibrocolágena, total ou parcialmente, o intestino delgado, frequentemente resultando em obstrução intestinal devido à adesão das alças intestinais umas às outras. Pode ser primária, ou idiopática (também conhecida como "abdominal cocoon"), e secundária, na qual uma etiologia subjacente para a inflamação distribuída por essa membrana serosa pode ser definida. Clinicamente, a maioria dos indivíduos afetados apresentam episódios agudos, subagudos ou crônicos de obstrução intestinal, perda de peso, náuseas, vômitos, anorexia e desnutrição. Um diagnóstico préoperatório correto é profundamente difícil e possui pouca especificidade, portanto demandando um alto índice de suspeição clínica e permanecendo como um desafio para a maioria dos médicos, que ou nunca encontraram essa entidade ou negligenciam sua identificação ao conduzirem um paciente acometido. Relato do caso: Relatamos aqui o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, de 68 anos de idade, que se queixava de dor abdominal cólica prolongada, com importante perda de peso e apresentava obstrução intestinal. Tomografia computadorizada de abdome mostrou um agregado de alças de intestino delgado, com uma delgada membrana em seu entorno. A laparotomia exploratória revelou PEE primária, confirmada pela análise histopatológica. Palavras-chave: Obstrução Intestinal. Peritonite. Fibrose Peritoneal.
Efektivitas Model Reciprocal Teaching dengan Pendekatan RME terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Kelas VIII SMP
Authors: Aeni Nurul , Lukman Hamidah Suryani , Setiani Ana
Published: September 2022

Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis merupakan kemampuan yang penting untuk dimiliki, namun pada kenyataannya kemampuan ini masih tergolong rendah. Penggunaan model pembelajaran serta pendekatan pembelajaran dapat menjadi solusi efektif untuk melatih siswa dalam memecahkan suatu permasalahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari penerapan model pembelajaran Reciprocal Teaching dengan pendekatan RME terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis khususnya siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Cibadak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif, jenis Quasi Experimental dengan desain pretest-posttest control group design. Terdapat tiga kelas penelitian yang diberikan perlakuan dan ketiga kelas penelitian dipilih secara random. Analisis uji statatistik dari hasil kemampuan akhir (posttest) menggunakan uji Anava Satu Jalur Sel Tak Sama. Kemudian, berdasarkan hasil analisis uji lanjutan Anava (Scheffe) dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa: (1) kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang memperoleh model Reciprocal Teaching dengan pendekatan RME lebih baik dibandingkan yang memperoleh model Reciprocal Teaching; serta (2) kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang memperoleh model Reciprocal Teaching dengan pendekatan RME lebih baik dibandingkan yang model pembelajaran langsung.
Características clínicas de pacientes con Cáncer de Mama y / o Cáncer de Ovario con mutaciones en los genes BRCA1 y BRCA2 en Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Martin Claudia Alejandra , Suárez Villasmil Lourdes , Sembaj Adela , Gomez Balangione Fabian , Zunino Silvia , Montes Cecilia del Carmen , Borello Adriana , Del Castillo Andres , Zeballos Maximiliano , Rossi Norma Teresa
Published: September 2022

Introducción: Los síndromes de predisposición hereditaria al cáncer representan un 5-10% de los casos de cáncer, el más estudiado es HBOC producido por mutaciones en los genes BRCA1/2. Objetivos: Describir características clínicas, histopatológicas y VP en pacientes con HBOC en Córdoba, Argentina y compararla con aquellas sin mutaciones en BRCA1/2. Métodos: Análisis transversal, correlacional y observacional de pacientes de Córdoba. Se utilizó la prueba ANOVA, t de Student, tablas de contingencia y prueba exacta de Fisher, el nivel de significancia fue α=0,05. Resultados: Se estudiaron 155 mujeres con CM, CO y CM/CO. Se identificaron 40 mutaciones en BRCA1/2. No se encontraron diferencias en edad de diagnóstico entre pacientes con y sin mutaciones en BRCA1/2. Se encontró asociación significativa entre VP en BRCA1/2 y el tipo de cáncer (p=0,003); todos los casos con CM/CO presentaron mutaciones en BRCA1/2. No se encontró asociación significativa entre mutados/no mutados y AP, AF, RE-RP-HER2. El 23.1% y 38.1% de los casos de CM fueron TN en individuos con VP en BRCA 1 y 2 respectivamente. La prevalencia de mutaciones fue 25,8% y la prevalencia de VP noveles del 10,0%. Conclusiones: Las pacientes con CM-VP BRCA1/2 están asociadas con histología ductal, y menor edad de presentación con VP BRCA1. No encontramos diferencias significativas en edad de diagnóstico del CM entre pacientes con mutaciones BRCA1 y BRCA2, se observa una mayor proporción CM TN que en la población en general. En nuestra muestra, la prevalencia de mutaciones en BRCA1/2 entre los pacientes que reúnen criterios para HBOC es del 25,8%, con 10% de VP noveles.
Puntos de corte de indicadores antropométricos para hipertensión e hiperglucemia en adultos argentinos
Authors: Farinola Martín Gustavo , Sganga Magalí
Published: September 2022

Introducción: Circunferencia de cintura (CC), índice cintura/talla (ICT) e índice de masa corporal (IMC) elevados se relacionan con mayor riesgo cardiometabólico. El objetivo fue identificar puntos de corte antropométricos que permitan discriminar a sujetos en riesgo aumentado de presentar tensión arterial y glucemia elevadas en adultos argentinos. Métodos: Se utilizaron los resultados de la 4ta ENFR argentina. Se incluyeron sujetos de 18 a 65 años a quienes se les haya medido directamente tensión arterial, glucemia y antropometría (n=4.254 y 1.683 sujetos de ambos sexos para tensión arterial y glucemia elevadas respectivamente). Se calculó el área bajo la curva ROC. El punto de corte óptimo fue el que presentó menor diferencia entre sensibilidad y especificidad. Se calcularon odds ratios ajustados (ORa) para cada punto. Resultados: En varones los puntos de corte para tensión arterial elevada fueron CC=91,5 cm (ORa=3,55; IC95%=2,97-4,24), ICT=0,541 (ORa=3,12; IC95%=2,61-3,73) e IMC=27,0 kg/m2 (ORa=3,04; IC95%=2,55-3,63); y para glucemia elevada CC=94,5 cm (ORa=2,46; IC95%=1,64-3,70), ICT=0,559 (ORa=2,35; IC95%=1,55-3,55) e IMC=28,6 kg/m2 (ORa= 3,23; IC95%=2,14-4,88). En mujeres, para tensión arterial elevada fueron CC=88,5 cm (ORa=3,57; IC95%=2,84-4,41), ICT=0,542 (ORa=3,45; IC95%=2,79-4,27) e IMC=26,7 kg/m2 (ORa=3,25; IC95%=2,64-4,02); y para glucemia elevada CC=93,5 cm (ORa=4,28; IC95%=2,72-6,75), ICT=0,573 (ORa=3,61; IC95%=2,31-5,66) e IMC=27,8 kg/m2 (ORa=3,14; IC95%=2,03-4,87). Conclusión: Los adultos argentinos a quienes se les mida CC sobre la piel y se encuentren por encima de los puntos de corte aquí identificados, cuentan con un riesgo significativamente mayor de presentar tensión arterial y glucemia elevadas.
90’larda Türkiye Kentleşmesi: Arada Kalmış Bir Döneme Ruşen Keleş'in “Kentleşme Politikası” Üzerinden Bakmak
Authors: POYRAZ Ufuk
Published: September 2022

2000 sonrasında Türkiye kentlerinin geçirdiği dönüşüm önceki dönemleri gölgede bırakır niteliktedir. 1980 sonrasında atılan adımlar, bu durumun başlıca sebebi olarak ortaya konsa da, 1990’lı yılların bu tabloda oynadığı rol açık bir şekilde kentleşme yazınında dillendirilmemiştir. Arada kalmış bir dönem olarak 90’lar hem 80 darbesi sonrasında dönüştürücü neoliberal gündemin sancılarının yoğun bir şekilde çekildiği, hem de 2000’lerin sadece yapılı çevre üretmekle kalan yıkıcı kentleşmesinin ortaya çıkışına zemin hazırlayan dönemdir. Bu bağlamda Türkiye kentleşme yazınının köşe taşı ve kentleşme meraklılarının başucu kitabı olan Prof. Dr. Ruşen Keleş’in 2021 yılında 18. “güncellenmiş” baskısını yapmış “Kentleşme Politikası”, 40 yıla yayılan büyük dönüşüm içerisinde 90’ları diğer dönemlerle bağlantılı olarak incelemek için önemli bir olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu çerçevede çalışmada, 1990’lı yıllardaki baskılar başta olmak üzere kitapta yapılan güncellemeler ve eklemeler incelenerek Türkiye kentleşmesinin 1990’lardaki durumunun ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir. Böylece, planlama, yerel yönetimler, kalkınma, konut, çevre ve doğal afetler gibi 90’lı yılların kentleşme sürecine ışık tutacak farklı konulara değinilmiştir.
Differential expression of CEBPD in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines sporadic ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of CEBPD, encoding CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta, in primary motor neurons of patients with ALS. CEBPD was also differentially expressed in the fibroblasts isolated from patients with ALS. CEBPD transcript was present at significantly higher levels in ALS patient fibroblasts as compared to control, non-diseased fibroblasts. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Konsep dasar dan ruang lingkup ekonomi moneter
Authors: Nurbaiti
Published: September 2022

Ekonomi moneter adalah suatu cabang ilmu dari pada ilmu ekonomi yang membahas tentang uang (peran) dalam mempengaruhi tingkat harga-harga dan tingkat kegiatan ekonomi dalam suatu Negara. Konsep dasar moneter konvensionalTujuannya adalah transaksi, berjaga-jaga dan spekulasi (tingkat bunga yang baik, mengambil keputusan hanya memikirkan resikodemi keuntungan) Kebijakan moneter kuantitatif dan kualitatif
VR gaming may make the mind a bit confused about reality
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: September 2022

A recent study suggests that VR gaming can increase the degrees of depersonalization and derealization.
Higher risk – less data: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the role of sex and gender in trauma research
Authors: Haering Stephanie , Schulze Lars , Geiling Angelika , Meyer Caroline , Klusmann Hannah , Schumacher Sarah , Knaevelsrud Christine , Engel Sinha
Published: September 2022

Women and men are at different risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is unclear, however, how studies on PTSD risk factors integrate this knowledge into their research. Moreover, the temporal development of women’s higher PTSD risk is unknown. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we examine how prospective studies on PTSD development (k=47) consider sex and gender across four domains (samples, terminology, analyses, and reporting). Further, we differentially analyze sex/gender differences within five time-intervals from 1 month to 5 years post-trauma. PTSD prevalence (OR = 1.72 [1.27 – 2.34]) and severity (g = 0.31 [0.09; 0.53]) were increased for women relative to men at one month post-trauma already, i.e. at the first timepoint of a possible PTSD diagnosis. PTSD severity was elevated for women compared to men across all time intervals, but evidence for increased PTSD prevalence for women relative to men was less stable with longer follow-ups. Despite women’s higher PTSD burdens, they were clearly underrepresented in samples (68.3% male, 31.7% female participants). Only 5.0% of studies explained or described their understanding of sex and gender, and only 2.6% used sex as discovery variable, i.e. investigating sex-dependent risk mechanisms. Sex and gender aspects in design, data, and discussion were considered by only one third of studies each. Trauma research falls short of its potential to adequately consider sex and gender. Sex- and gender-sensitive practices can advance rigor, innovation and equity in psychopathology research.
Holter Monitoring in assessing Cardiac Arrhythmias in Symptomatic Patients: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Karki Biplave , Ghimire Jeet , Nepal Bikash , Mahaseth Aditya , Sah Ajit , Pandit Swapnil , Pandey Naveen , Shah Prashant , Karki Prahlad
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND The 24hr ECG Holter monitoring system is helpful in assessing cardiac arrhythmias in patients presenting with palpitation, dizziness, presyncope and syncope, which are not detected by standard office electrocardiogram.

METHODS This was a single center prospective observational study conducted to assess the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias among 78 patients consisting of 41 males and 37 females referred for 24 hr ECG Holter monitoring in BPKIHS, Dharan, Nepal, between October 2021 to December 2021.

RESULTS The most common indication for 24 hr ECG Holter monitoring in these patients was unexplained palpitation. Ventricular ectopics were the most common arrhythmias detected, followed by supraventricular ectopics, most of which were benign. Among 18 patients with significant bradyarrhythmia, 3 had sinus bradycardia with significant pause, 3 had AF with significant pause, and 2 had high grade/complete AV block.

CONCLUSIONS The study showed that most of the arrhythmias detected are benign and prevalence of potentially fatal ventricular and supraventricular tachyarrythmias are relatively low in our population.
Satisfaction as the Moderator Between Discrimination and Stress at Work
Authors: Adhikari Pralhad
Published: September 2022

Job satisfaction refers to the positive emotions an employee gets from various aspects of their work. Work-related stress is the stress caused because of one's job. Work discrimination is the perception of being treated unfairly at work. Job satisfaction has the chance of being protective against work-related stress caused by discrimination at work. An online survey was developed in Google Forms to test the hypothesis that job satisfaction moderated the relationship between work discrimination and work stress among Nepalese employees. A snowball sample of 278 employees working in various professions was made in the first three months of 2022. Moderation analysis was done and the results showed that highland average but low levels of job satisfaction were protective against the work stress caused by discrimination at work. One-fourth of employees were found to have job satisfaction. Job satisfaction was significantly negatively associated with discrimination and stress at work. The conclusion is that the employers should try to increase job satisfaction of the employees in workplaces where there is more discrimination to protect employees against negative consequences of work-related stress. In the future, studies focused on specific occupations can be carried out to test the same hypothesis.
जिरो कटेज उपन्यासमा पर्यावरणीय सङ्कट {Environmental Crisis in Zero Cottage Novel}
Authors: ढकाल Dhakal दीपकप्रसाद Dipakprasad
Published: September 2022

प्रस्तुत लेख जिरो कटेज उपन्यासको पर्यावरणीय सङ्कटमा केन्द्रित छ । प्रविधिसंस्कृति र आविष्कारका कारण पर्यावरणको अत्यधिक दोहन हुँदा पर्याचक्रमा परेको प्रतिकूलतालाई यस लेखमा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । कृतिमा पर्याचक्रीय प्रभावको विश्लेषण गर्ने पर्यावरण सिद्धान्त यस लेखको मुख्य सैद्धान्तिक आधार हो । आरम्भमा पर्यावरणीय विश्लेषणका प्रतिमान दिएर पाठका साक्ष्य प्रस्तुत गरिएकाले यसमा निगमनात्मक विश्लेषण विधिको प्रयोग भएको छ । विश्लेषणलाई सामान्यीकरण गरेर निष्कर्षमा पुग्ने क्रममा यस लेखमा आगमनात्मक विधिको पनि प्रयोग गरिएको छ । विश्लेषणका क्रममा जिरो कटेजलाई प्राथमिक र पार्यवरणीय सिद्धान्ततथा व्याख्यात्मक सन्दर्भका अन्य सामग्रीलाई द्वितीयकका रूपमा  पुस्तकालय स्रोतबाट प्रयोग गरिएको छ । जिरो कटेज साइबर संस्कृति र पर्यावरणीय सङ्कटको संयोजित प्रयोग भएको उपन्यास हो । पृथ्वीमा रहेका प्राकृतिक साधनको अत्यधिक दोहनका कारण मानव लगायत अन्य प्रजातिका जीवन एवं पर्याचक्र समाप्त हुने सम्भावनाको सत्याभासमा यो उपन्यास आधारित छ । भूमण्डलीकृत पुँजीवादका कारण नेपाल जस्ता विकासशील देशले पर्याचक्रमा आएका प्रतिकूलताका प्रभाव भोग्नु पर्ने अवस्थाको प्रतीकात्मक चित्रण यस उपन्यासमा गरिएको छ ।
Curcuminoids from the Vietnamese Curcuma longa: Phytochemical analysis and biological activities
Authors:   Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Nguyen Thi Thu Ha ,   Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Le Thi Tu Anh ,   Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Nguyen Thanh Tra ,   Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology,   Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ninh The Son ,   Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
Published: September 2022

A phytochemical investigation on the ethanolic (EtOH) extract of the Vietnamese Curcuma longa (C. longa) rhizomes has led to the isolation of four curcuminoids including curcumin (1), demethoxycurcumin (2), bisdemethoxycurcumin (3), and cyclocurcumin (4). The chemical structure of compounds 1-4 was elucidated by Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Mass spectrometry (MS) spectral data. Based on High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantitative analysis, the amounts of three major compounds 1-3 in the C. longa extract were calculated and reached 7.215±0.101, 3.927±0.031, and 2.255±0.049 mg/g, respectively. Curcuminoids 1-4 have induced IC50 values of 9.23-14.6 μg/ml in a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay as compared with that of the positive control resveratrol (IC50 11.5 μg/ml). Compounds 1-4 with IC50 values ranging between 8.7-15.54 μg/ml were better than the positive control acarbose (IC50 169.14 μg/ml) in α-glucosidase inhibitory examination. In addition, the EtOH extract and compounds 1-4 were also responsible for inhibitions against enzyme acetylcholinesterase and four cancer cell lines including including epidermoid carcinoma (KB), hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), lung cancer (SK-LU-1), and breast cancer (MCF7).
НАВЧАЛЬНО- ТА НАУКОВО-ДОСЛІДНИЦЬКА РОБОТА МАГІСТРАНТІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ НАВЧАННЯ ПРИРОДНИЧИХ ДИСЦИПЛІН
Authors: Гладун Т. С.
Published: September 2022

Розглядаються питання, що стосуються навчально-дослідницької і науково-дослідницької роботи магістрантів під час вивчення природничих дисциплін. За час навчання в університеті магістранти повинні навчитися методам самостійного пошуку знань, умінню розширювати і їх поглиблювати, оволодіти основами методики наукових досліджень. Вирішення цих питань знаходиться в тісному зв’язку зі станом навчально-дослідницької і науково-дослідницької роботи магістрантів у процесі вивчення методики природничих дисциплін. Характер занять (лекцій, практичних занять, семінарів, лабораторних занять, педагогічної і наукової практики, виконання магістерських робіт) надає широкі можливості для організації навчальних і наукових досліджень магістрантів.

Найбільших труднощів в організації наукових досліджень майбутні магістри природничих дисциплін зазнають під час роботи над науково-методичною літературою. У цьому випадку рекомендується проводити систематичний огляд підручників, навчальних посібників, статей зі спеціальності, кваліфіковано аналізувати їх.

Зазначено, що магістерські дослідження з методик природничих дисциплін повинні починатися з перенесення відомих теоретичних положень, які містяться в лекційному матеріалі, на розв’язання конкретних методичних задач. Для цього магістрам пропонуються індивідуальні завдання, виконання яких має навчально-дослідницький характер, сприяє засвоєнню й закріпленню лекційного матеріалу.

Виконання магістерської роботи слід розглядати як серйозну самоосвітню роботу магістранта, яка забезпечує високий рівень науково-методичних знань для успішної наукової і педагогічної діяльності. Теми робіт повинні бути актуальними, пов’язаними з удосконаленням навчально-виховного процесу в будь-якому навчальному закладі, а самі роботи – представляти самостійне творче дослідження відповідної наукової і методичної проблем.
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НАВЧАЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ МАЙБУТНІХ ПЕДАГОГІВ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ ПРИ ВИВЧЕННІ ПИТАНЬ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЯКІСТЮ ПРОДУКЦІЇ ТА ПОСЛУГ ГОТЕЛЬНО-РЕСТОРАННОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА
Authors: Корець О. М. , Іщенко С. М.
Published: September 2022

У статті проаналізовано і розглянуто інформаційне забезпечення навчального процесу у процесі вивчення управління якістю продукції та послуг у готельно-ресторанному господарстві майбутніми педагогами професійного навчання. Доведено, що недостатнє інформаційне забезпечення призводить до поступового відставання від загальних тенденцій підготовки висококваліфікованих педагогів професійного навчання.

Визначено та обґрунтовано основні складові формування у студентів системи знань щодо організаційних, нормативно-правових питань управління якістю продукції галузі, принципів функціонування систем управління якістю, уміння та навиків організації і контролю якості продукції громадського харчування, створення систем управління якістю за допомогою засобів інформаційного забезпечення.

Вивчення управління якістю продукції та послуг у готельно-ресторанному господарстві потребує постійного вдосконалення та оновлення, що неможливе без використання інформаційного забезпечення. Це покращує рівень знань, умінь та навичок як викладачів, так і студентів, дозволяє реалізувати потреби наукової грамотності, стимулює інтелектуальний розвиток, створює умови насиченого та активного інформаційного середовища, неперервної самоосвіти, а також самоконтролю. Виникає потреба в пошуку ефективних шляхів, методів та інструментів опрацювання інформаційних потоків, їх оцінки і відбору. Важливо, щоб нова інформація доповнювала навчальний матеріал, сприяла розширенню та поглибленню знань студентів, підтримувала професійний рівень педагогів, сприяла ефективним управлінським рішенням.

Впровадження та застосування інноваційної техніки набуває бурхливого розвитку в освітній галузі. Інформаційні ресурси стали невід’ємною частиною сучасної дійсності, створюють унікальні умови для дослідження, аналізу та розвитку харчової галузі, дозволяють збагатити навчальний процес новими ідеями, що є основою для професійного зростання майбутніх педагогів професійного навчання. Застосування електронних освітніх ресурсів дають змогу наситити інформаційне середовище і вносити зміни в науково-методичну роботу навчального закладу [5].
Prędkość administracyjnie dopuszczalna – wybrana problematyka
Authors: Chodorowska Anna Ewa
Published: September 2022

Podstawowym problemem mających wpływ na bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego w Polsce jest nadmierna prędkość. W nadmiernej prędkości jazdy, przekraczaniu jej dopuszczalnych wartości lub jej niedostosowaniu do panujących na drodze warunków upatrywana jest główna przyczyna wypadków drogowych spowodowanych przez kierujących pojazdami. Od wielu lat, wypadki drogowe, których przyczyną jest nadmierna prędkości jazdy, zajmują czołowe miejsca we wszystkich zestawieniach statystycznych. Przekroczenie prędkości, nie tylko jest naruszeniem zasad bezpieczeństwa w ruchu drogowym, ale także zachowaniem zagrożonym pod groźbą kary na podstawie art. 92a Kodeksu wykroczeń. Autorka artykułu podejmuje rozważania dotyczące penalizacji przekroczenia prędkości, oraz skali wypadków drogowych, których przyczyną jest nadmierna prędkości. Szczególną uwagę zwraca na działania zmierzające do zwiększenia bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego w Polsce. Autorka pozytywnie ocenia ostatnio wprowadzone rozwiązania prawne, zmiany taryfikatora mandatów i podwyższenie maksymalnej wysokości grzywny za wykroczenie w Kodeksie wykroczeń, przy tym ma obawy, czy tak znaczny ich wzrost nie spowoduje problemu z ich egzekwowalnością.
O wnoszeniu podań na adres poczty elektronicznej organu administracji publicznej (o problemie „zwykłego” e-maila)
Authors: Szafrańska Weronika
Published: September 2022

Wskutek zmian wprowadzonych przez ustawodawcę w kodeksie postępowania administracyjnego od 5 października 2021 r. organy są zobligowane do pozostawiania bez rozpoznania pism wniesionych na adres poczty elektronicznej organu administracji publicznej, tj. przesłanych z prywatnej skrzynki pocztowej. Do tego momentu praktyka organów, podyktowana wypracowaną w sądach administracyjnych linią orzeczniczą, polegała na wzywaniu o uzupełnienie podpisu czy to w formie podpisu elektronicznego czy też jako podpisu odręcznego pod wydrukowanym pismem. Nie był to jednak pogląd przyjmowany jednolicie. Jak się okazało, opisana wyżej nowelizacja treści art. 63 § 1 k.p.a. przysparza w praktyce wiele problemów.

Celem niniejszej publikacji była analiza zmian zachodzących na przestrzeni ostatnich lat względem możliwości wnoszenia podań drogą elektroniczną z perspektywy korzystania z prywatnej skrzynki pocztowej, a także odpowiedź na pytanie czy opisaną zmianę przepisów można uznać za pożądaną i optymalną.

W toku prowadzonych rozważań Autorka doszła do wniosku, że był to krok niekorzystny dla obywateli, skutkujący często uchybieniem terminu na złożenie środka zaskarżenia, który to termin mógłby jednak zostać przywrócony przy przyjęciu, że niepoinformowanie przez organ strony, w trakcie trwającego postępowania, o właściwym sposobie wnoszenia podań zostałoby potraktowane jako naruszenie zasad pogłębiania zaufania obywateli do władzy publicznej oraz zasady informowania.
Exploring the relationship between digital literacy skills and Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) among secondary school teachers
Authors: khan Ruzina , Gul Fariha
Published: September 2022

There is an increasing demand for teachers to present technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) in their classrooms with the help of their digital literacy skills (DLS). Though the teachers at the secondary school level are provided with digital gadgets, however, the teachers are still struggling with the use of digital tools during the teaching-learning process. Lack of digital literacy might be the cause of this reluctance, so the current study aims to explore the relationship between the digital literacy skills of teachers with respect to Technological, Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK).Data was collected from four hundred school teachers through Digital Literacy Scale (DSL) and TPACK inventory. The results indicate a low level of digital literacy and knowledge of TPACK, identified through descriptive statistics.However, a significantly positive relationship was identified through a significant correlation relationship ((r =.587, p equal or less then .001) between both variables.On the basis of results, more trainings are recommended for teachers on both digital literacy and content pedagogy.
Assessing the costs of transition to low-carbon economy
Authors: Nikolaev Igor
Published: September 2022

The study attempts to assess the economic implications of the global transition to a low-carbon economy for Russia. Within the framework of the proposed methodology, losses are calculated as the value of lost revenues from hydrocarbon exports. An estimate of the total amount of losses of the Russian economy from the energy transition for the period up to 2035 is given. A review of foreign experience in assessing the cost of energy transition for some foreign countries is also presented.
Institutional and functional contradictions of the present-day global financial architecture
Authors: Balyuk Igor
Published: September 2022

The authors analyze the institutional and functional contradictions and imbalances of the modern global financial architecture (GFA) that exist at the national and international levels and are connected with the activities of various organizations (mainly financial and credit ones). The authors conclude that improving the efficiency of the GFA will largely depend on the combined efforts of national and supranational regulators aimed, if not at radically eliminating the various contradictions accumulated over many years, then at least at their maximum possible mitigation in order to ensure the stability of the global finance.
“Authoritarian” countries live better than their peripheral “democratic” neighbors
Authors: Galchenko Andrey
Published: September 2022

The article compares the levels of welfare and economic exploitation of the population of the countries of the World Economic Center (according to I. Wallerstein) with the countries of the rest of the world that have political systems labeled as “democratic”, “authoritarian” or “hybrid”. The analysis of the results has shown a sharp excess of the living standard of the population of the countries of the World Economic Center over the countries of the rest of the world (4-7 times). Besides, the inhabitants of the latter group are subjected to an unprecedentedly greater (2-4 times) economic exploitation caused by an unequal trade exchange between the Center and the World Economic Periphery. In addition, the living standard of the population of peripheral countries with “democratic” regimes is significantly lower than that of peripheral countries with “authoritarian” regimes, and the level of exploitation of the former is significantly higher. The worst welfare rates are in peripheral countries with hybrid regimes.