bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changing Climate
Authors: Subramanian Abirami , Baskar Sushmitha
Published: September 2023

Earth is endowed with sufficient reserves to meet all of our needs. It is the fact that all living organisms use the planet's resources to the extent that they require them. Humans, on the other hand, are the only creatures on the planet who enjoy and even exploit resources beyond their necessity. To be more precise, due to population surge, rapid industrialization, and urbanization, there is a need to meet both the demands and luxuries. The Earth's species are dependent on the ecosystem service functions which are driven by climate stability. Climate-triggered health illnesses are currently showing new trends and are expected to increase in the future if the current climate disturbances persist. In brief, climate instability (warming or cooling) undeniably provides suitable ground for vector and zoonotic life cycles. Climate-related morbidity and mortality are developing public health concerns that, if not addressed properly, will have serious corollaries. This chapter summarizes the various factors responsible for climate variability-induced health impacts.
Urbanization and Emergence of Infectious Diseases
Authors: Ray Supriya , Puluamaghatta Venugopal N. , Arakera Suresh Basavaraj
Published: September 2023

The process of urbanization is ongoing and continuous since the industrial revolution in the 18th century. The United Nations has estimated the growth of world's urban population to be 6.3 billion by 2050. Rapid influx of migrants in cities led to the development of informal urban settlement which is the initial probable source of emerging communicable diseases. Due to overcrowding, closer contacts with wild and domesticated animals increases the risk of emerging zoonotic diseases. Adequate housing, proper city planning, proper hygiene and sanitation, and surveillance can help in preventing transmission of pathogens, emerging infectious diseases, and decline of ecosystem. This chapter considers the role of urbanization that plays in the emergence of zoonotic diseases and cross-species transmission of pathogens into new host population through exploring the dynamics and complexity of ecological system at wildlife-livestock-human interfaces and the factors affecting the epidemiology of disease emergence.
Urbanization and the Mosquito Population
Authors: Biswal Debraj
Published: September 2023

Mosquitoes have always been a source of threat to human health because of their ability to transmit deadly diseases. Despite several efforts to curb their population, they have managed to survive and spread havoc. Urbanization has emerged to be one of the major contributors to their reproductive success followed by climate change. Urbanization has stimulated opportunistic breeding behaviour in mosquitoes by generating a vast array of temporary breeding habitats. The effect has been compounded by climate change allowing the mosquitoes to breed throughout the year and spread to regions which were previously inhospitable to them. Further, a study of mosquito breeding behaviour shows that gravid females follow several visual and olfactory cues to select their breeding habitats to ensure the well-being of their young ones. Thus, study of mosquito breeding habitats in urban areas helps to identify their markers to be used in mosquito larval source management. Similar problems can be largely overcome in the future by taking a more inclusive approach during town planning.
Classification of Melanoma Skin Cancer Based on Transformer Deep Learning Model
Authors: Telagam Nagarjuna , Kandasamy Nehru
Published: September 2023

An increasing number of genetic and metabolic anomalies have been determined to lead to cancer, which is generally fatal. Cancerous cells may spread to any body part, which can be life-threatening. Skin cancer is significant cancer, and its frequency is increasing worldwide. The main subtypes of skin cancer are squamous and basal cell carcinomas and melanoma. The deep learning methods were used to detect the two primary types of tumours, malignant and benign, by using the MELANOMA dataset. The proposed system utilizes a convolutional neural network (CNN), transformer, and InceptionV3 architecture to learn and extract meaningful features from skin lesion images. The CNN model was trained on a large dataset of dermoscopic images of melanoma and benign lesions. The transformer model in deep learning refers to a neural network architecture based on the transformer architecture specifically designed for image classification tasks. Inception is an image recognition model that has been shown to attain greater than 78.1% accuracy on the ImageNet dataset.
Further Analysis of Some Northen Asian Corporate Governance Standards After the Global Crisis
Authors: Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc , Diep Nguyen Trong
Published: September 2023

The aim of this article is to present a set of comparative corporate governance standards in some Northern Asian countries, including Bangladesh and Mongolia. There are strengths and weaknesses in these codes or practices which will be identified in this work. Therefore, this article not only identifies different points in latest corporate governance standard principles and systems in the above two countries, but also provides with a summary of evaluation of current corporate governance systems in these above countries which may enable relevant organizations in re-evaluating their current ones. Last but not least, it aims to illustrate a limited comparative set of standards of Northern Asian corporate governance, and give proper recommendations to relevant governments and institutions toward a sustainable practices in business life.
The Design of a Compound Neural Network-Based Economic Management Model for Advancing the Digital Economy
Authors: Shang Ke , Asif Muhammad
Published: September 2023

The rapid progress of the digital economy has brought forth a myriad of complexities in economic governance, particularly in the domains of stocks and network finance. The authors propose the exploration of an innovative economic management model founded on the compound neural network framework. Central to this approach is the utilization of the deep bidirectional long and short-term memory neural network model (Bi-LSTM) as the primary instrument for predictive analysis, complemented by the refinement and enhancement provided by the Markov chain model. Through comparative analysis of experiments, it is found that although the forecast price of this model has a certain lag, it has a more accurate judgment than other prediction models, and the accuracy and recall rate reach 87.66% and 86.31%. At the same time, the error evaluation index R2 is very close to the upper limit 1 of the index, and the mean absolute error MAE Hill inequality coefficient; TIC root; mean square error; RMSE; and symmetric mean percentage error (SMAPE) are 0.2654, 0.0124, 0.3481, and 0.3531, respectively.
Tension pyopneumothorax caused by Burkholderia cenocepacia: a rare case report in an immunocompetent individual
Authors: Garg Shivam , Mohapatra Madhusmita , George Joseph Christie , Bhaskar Maanasa
Published: September 2023

Tension pyopneumothorax is a medical emergency that occurs when air and pus build up in the pleural space. This case report describes a 47-year-old diabetic female who presented with tension pyopneumothorax due to Burkholderia cenocepacia. The patient was successfully treated with a 24-French tube thoracostomy and antibiotics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of tension pyopneumothorax caused by Burkholderia cenocepacia to be reported.
Role of three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in cardiac myxomas: an imaging challenge
Authors: Alamro Bandar , Pergola Valeria , Eltayeb Abdalla , Alshammari Amal , Kholaif Naji , Alhamshari Ahmad , Al Admawi Mohammed , Mohammed Shamayel , Khaliel Feras , Galzerano Domenico
Published: September 2023

Nowadays, the diagnosis of cardiac myxomas (CM), particularly the histological types, remains a challenge. Two-dimensional (2D) transthoracic (TT) and transesophageal (TEE)  echocardiography (ECHO) represent the first steps in the imaging pathway. 3D ECHO,  implemented in imaging practice, appears to be an emerging diagnostic technique that overcomes some of the limitations of 2D ECHO while integrating the information provided by magnetic resonance (MRI). However, its role in the imaging arena is still debatable. Analyzing 17 myxomas in 13 patients, the study uncovers a diverse anatomical spectrum. Classical CM morphology is a minority, with most myxomas being sessile and originating from unexpected locations (right ventricular outflow tract and left atrial appendage). Texture and size variations are also noted. Comparing imaging, 2D TEE outperforms 2D TT in visualizing anatomical features, especially attachment types. 3D TEE confirms 2D TT findings and offers more detailed assessments, identifying peduncles missed in four cases by 2D TEE. Two small recurrent myxomas were exclusively detected by 3D TEE, not by 2D TEE or MRI. Two patients have papillary myxomas, one has an embolism. Another patient with a solid myxoma also suffers an embolism, with a clot found at the apex during surgery. Our study showed that CM has a wide anatomical spectrum beyond the typical features, making the diagnosis challenging. Therefore, a multimodality imaging approach is essential for distinguishing CM from other cardiac masses and differentiating myxoma histological types. These findings stress the importance of incorporating 3D ECHO alongside other imaging techniques for a comprehensive evaluation.
The combined application of stem cells and three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds for the repair of spinal cord injury
Authors: Ju Dingyue , Dong Chuanming
Published: September 2023

Spinal cord injury is considered one of the most difficult injuries to repair and has one of the worst prognoses for injuries to the nervous system. Following surgery, the poor regenerative capacity of nerve cells and the generation of new scars can make it very difficult for the impaired nervous system to restore its neural functionality. Traditional treatments can only alleviate secondary injuries but cannot fundamentally repair the spinal cord. Consequently, there is a critical need to develop new treatments to promote functional repair after spinal cord injury. Over recent years, there have been several developments in the use of stem cell therapy for the treatment of spinal cord injury. Alongside significant developments in the field of tissue engineering, three-dimensional bioprinting technology has become a hot research topic due to its ability to accurately print complex structures. This led to the loading of three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds which provided precise cell localization. These three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds could repair damaged neural circuits and had the potential to repair the damaged spinal cord. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms underlying simple stem cell therapy, the application of different types of stem cells for the treatment of spinal cord injury, and the different manufacturing methods for three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds. In particular, we focus on the development of three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds for the treatment of spinal cord injury.
Tau truncation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease: a narrative review
Authors: Chu Dandan , Yang Xingyue , Wang Jing , Zhou Yan , Gu Jin-Hua , Miao Jin , Wu Feng , Liu Fei
Published: September 2023

Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by two major neuropathological hallmarks—the extracellular β-amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting of aggregated and hyperphosphorylated Tau protein. Recent studies suggest that dysregulation of the microtubule-associated protein Tau, especially specific proteolysis, could be a driving force for Alzheimer’s disease neurodegeneration. Tau physiologically promotes the assembly and stabilization of microtubules, whereas specific truncated fragments are sufficient to induce abnormal hyperphosphorylation and aggregate into toxic oligomers, resulting in them gaining prion-like characteristics. In addition, Tau truncations cause extensive impairments to neural and glial cell functions and animal cognition and behavior in a fragment-dependent manner. This review summarizes over 60 proteolytic cleavage sites and their corresponding truncated fragments, investigates the role of specific truncations in physiological and pathological states of Alzheimer’s disease, and summarizes the latest applications of strategies targeting Tau fragments in the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
Intranasal administration of stem cell-derived exosomes for central nervous system diseases
Authors: Gotoh Shuho , Kawabori Masahito , Fujimura Miki
Published: September 2023

Exosomes, lipid bilayer-enclosed small cellular vesicles, are actively secreted by various cells and play crucial roles in intercellular communication. These nanosized vesicles transport internalized proteins, mRNA, miRNA, and other bioactive molecules. Recent findings have provided compelling evidence that exosomes derived from stem cells hold great promise as a therapeutic modality for central nervous system disorders. These exosomes exhibit multifaceted properties including anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, neurogenic, and vasculogenic effects. Furthermore, exosomes offer several advantages over stem cell therapy, such as high preservation capacity, low immunogenicity, the ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier, and the potential for drug encapsulation. Consequently, researchers have turned their attention to exosomes as a novel therapeutic avenue. Nonetheless, akin to the limitations of stem cell treatment, the limited accumulation of exosomes in the injured brain poses a challenge to their clinical application. To overcome this hurdle, intranasal administration has emerged as a non-invasive and efficacious route for delivering drugs to the central nervous system. By exploiting the olfactory and trigeminal nerve axons, this approach enables the direct transport of therapeutics to the brain while bypassing the blood-brain barrier. Notably, exosomes, owing to their small size, can readily access the nerve pathways using this method. As a result, intranasal administration has gained increasing recognition as an optimal therapeutic strategy for exosome-based treatments. In this comprehensive review, we aim to provide an overview of both basic and clinical research studies investigating the intranasal administration of exosomes for the treatment of central nervous system diseases. Furthermore, we elucidate the underlying therapeutic mechanisms and offer insights into the prospect of this approach.
Insecticide resistance status of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Malaysia (2010 to 2022): A review
Authors: Nurul-Nastasea Sabar , Yu Ke-Xin , Rohani Ahmad , Zurainee Mohamed Nor , Tengku-Idris Tengku Idzzan Nadzirah , Dianita Roza , Sabrina Masse Rezki , Ali Wan Najdah Wan Mohamad
Published: September 2023

This review aimed to determine the prevalence of the insecticide resistance status of the field-collected Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Malaysia from 2010 to 2022 towards carbamates, organochlorines, organophosphates and pyrethroids. Biological and environmental controls were summarized with an emphasis on the mosquito vector control strategies in Malaysia. The information in this review was extracted from several databases such as PubMed (MEDLINE), Science Direct and Scopus by using keywords including “insecticide resistance”, “carbamate resistance”, “organochlorine resistance”, “organophosphate resistance”, “pyrethroid resistance”, “Aedes” and “Malaysia”, between January 2022 and December 2022. Distribution of resistant Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Malaysia was mapped using QGIS software. Insecticide resistance in both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus is widespread in Malaysia, although the rates vary by states. The most notable was the steep increase in permethrin resistance of Aedes aegypti in Selangor, Malaysia, over the past decade. Aedes albopictus also displayed moderate resistance to permethrin, though not as widespread as Aedes aegypti in Selangor, but showed sign of resistance in Sarawak, East Malaysia. Resistance towards four main classes of insecticides have been widely documented in Malaysia. The extensive resistance towards permethrin in Malaysia which is one of the current insecticides used in Malaysia suggested that policies supporting the widespread use of permethrin fogging needs further evaluation.
Clinical study on laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery and transumbilical single-port laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of benign ovarian tumours and its influence on ovarian functions
Authors: Liang Xiaolan , Zhang Run , Shi Liping , Qi Shufang , Guo Hongqian , Long Yue , Yang Yongxiu
Published: September 2023

Objective:

The objective of this study was to explore the influence of traditional laparoscopic surgery and transumbilical single-port laparoscopic surgery on ovarian function in patients with benign ovarian tumours.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-four patients with benign ovarian tumours who were treated in our hospital from January 2020 to June 2021 were selected and randomly divided into two groups, with 22 cases in each group according to random number table. The conventional group was treated with conventional laparoscopic surgery, while the modified group was treated with transumbilical single-port laparoscopic surgery. The measurement method was t-test, and the enumeration method was two tests. The clinical operation-related indicators, ovarian function (follicle-stimulating hormone, E2 and luteinising hormone), complication incidence, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and landscaping satisfaction scores of the two groups were compared.

Results:

There were no significant differences in complications and operation duration between the two groups (P > 0.05). After treatment, the ovarian function indexes and beautification satisfaction scores of the modified group were significantly superior to those of the conventional group (P < 0.05). Besides, the intraoperative bleeding volume, post-operative exhaust time, hospital stay and three-dimensional VAS scores on day 1 and day 3 after surgery of the modified group were lower than those of the conventional group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Transumbilical single-port laparoscopic surgery for benign ovarian tumours has a significant clinical effect, which can effectively reduce bleeding during the operation, improve ovarian function, relieve surgical pain, promote rapid post-operative recovery and improve patients’ satisfaction with landscaping. It is worthy of clinical application.
Management of unilateral ocular myasthenia gravis through Ayurveda therapies
Authors: Namboothiri Narayanan , Parameswaran Sreekanth N. , Kumar Aravind , Sukumaran Krishnendu
Published: September 2023

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a serious but treatable autoimmune condition characterized by muscle fatigue and weakness. Ocular MG is characterized by muscle weakness isolated to the eyelids and extraocular muscles. Unilateral ocular MG refers to a condition in which only one eye shows the cardinal features of ptosis and the restriction of extraocular movement. The management of ocular MG is mainly symptomatic and is aimed at curing muscle weakness. The closest approximation of ocular MG in Ayurveda is Vatahata Vartma, an incurable eyelid disease. A case of a 40-year-old man who was diagnosed with unilateral ocular MG and treated with Ayurveda interventions is presented here. In this case, the evaluation of the severity of ptosis revealed a 4 mm of ptosis in the right eye and 2 mm in the left eye; margin reflex distance of 1 mm in the right eye and 4 mm in the left eye; and a levator palpebrae superioris function of 2 mm in the right eye and 12 mm in the left eye. The absence of adduction, intorsion, and extorsion was noted in the right eye, whereas movements were normal in the left eye. Cogan’s sign and eyelid fatigue were present in the right eye and absent in the left eye. The patient underwent two courses of Ayurveda inpatient treatments with regular follow-ups in between. The treatment course included oral interventions (herbal decoctions, oils, and tablets), bio-purification therapies (nasal medication, the retention of medicine in the mouth), sudation (Nadi Sveda, Pinda Sveda), and external therapies for the eyes and head (ocular irrigation, massage, eye drops, irrigation over the head, the application of medicated paste over the head), along with lifestyle modifications. The Ayurveda treatment protocol was found effective in reducing the ptosis and improving the ocular movements. The relapse of the ptosis was observed after the discontinuation of the treatment. A long-term regular treatment strategy with regular inpatient therapies can improve the disease outcomes, despite not being able to produce a complete relief owing to the autoimmune nature of the disease.
Vitamin D deficiency and its impact on respiratory health in the Hong Kong pediatric population: Current evidence and future directions
Authors: Lo Chris Chun Hei , Ng Daniel K K
Published: September 2023

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a global phenomenon. While well known to negatively influence bone health by increasing the risks of osteoporosis or osteopenia in adults and rickets in children, emerging evidence supports the negative extraskeletal effects of VDD, such as increased risks of infection, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. In view of the potential respiratory impacts of VDD, there is a need to investigate the status quo of VDD in Hong Kong. This review outlines the current prevalence of VDD in the pediatric population of Hong Kong, which is up to 64.7%. It also highlights emerging evidence of its impact on respiratory health (in particular asthma, pneumonia, and COVID-19) and summarizes current guidelines on vitamin D supplementation. Despite limited high-quality studies, evidence seems to suggest that the prevalence of VDD in Hong Kong is in keeping with global trends and that pharmacological treatment by supplementation may be beneficial.
High-frequency ventilation in an infant with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia: A case report
Authors: Hsia Kai-Ting , Wu Yu-Lun , Chen Jia-Yuh , Wang Shih-Chung , Lin Liang-Mei , Whang Jeffrey Eli , Lee Ming-Sheng
Published: September 2023

Pneumocystis jirovecii could lead to respiratory failure immunocompromised individuals, this pathogen typically causes lung interstitial inflammation and patient hypoxia. For pediatric patients with severe respiratory failure and ventilated with excessively high ventilator settings, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) might serve as an alternative treatment. HFOV is a lung protective strategy, which provides an increased mean airway pressure to maintain patient’s oxygenation, and theoretically decrease ventilator-associated lung injury. We present a 9-month-old female infant with Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and Kasabach–Merritt syndrome, she received chemotherapy and took prednisolone for disease control. She developed acute respiratory distress syndrome after P. jirovecii infection. Conventional ventilation with pressure control mode was applied at the beginning, the peak airway pressure was 28 cmH2O and highest mean airway pressure was 17 cmH2O before we shift to HFOV. The highest mean airway pressure was 22 cmH2O during the treatment course under HFOV. Although the patient developed a pneumomediastinum but was successfully extubated on 28th day of admission and was safely discharged on 45th day of admission. We suggest clinicians consider early HFOV intervention in pediatric patients with P. jirovecii infection.
A Phase II Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Bortezomib in Combination with Thalidomide in Treatment-Naïve Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Patients
Authors: Byun Ja Min , Shin Junghoon , Kim Sang-A , Park Hyunkyung , Lee Jiyun , Shin Dong-Yeop , Hong Junshik , Lee Jeong-Ok , Bang Soo-Mee , Kim Inho , Yoon Sung-Soon , Koh Youngil
Published: September 2023

Purpose Despite the recent success of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors for the treatment of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM), their indefinite treatment duration ultimately tantamount to substantial financial and emotional burden. On the other hand, fixed duration of proteasome inhibitors (PI) have shown rapid and reasonable response in WM treatment. Despite the well-known synergism between PI and immunomodulatory drugs (IMiD), there is no trials evaluating such combination in WM.Materials and Methods Based on above, we designed this phase II study to investigate the efficacy and safety of 6 cycles of 28-day bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone (VTD) regimen for treatment-naïve WM.Results A total of 15 patients were enrolled: major response rate was 64.3%, and overall response rate was 78.6%. During the median follow-up of 41 months, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 13 months and overall survival 40 months. For responders, median duration of response was 13 months and median PFS 19 months. The most common adverse event (AE) of any grade was constipation (57.1%). The most common grade ≥ 3 AE was anemia (21.4%).Conclusion All in all, we hereby provide proof-of-concept that PI + IMiD may be an attractive backbone for fixed duration treatment. It should be noted that granting the same level of access to newer drugs globally is virtually impossible. Thus efforts to develop regimens using readily available drugs to yield similar or adequate treatment outcomes should not be disregarded. In this sense, we believe our study holds its place for its novelty and eloquently addresses achieving the daunting societal quest of health equity.
Shifted moments of the Riemann zeta function
Authors: Ng Nathan , Shen Quanli , Wong Peng-Jie
Published: September 2023

In this article, we prove that the Riemann hypothesis implies a conjecture of Chandee on shifted moments of the Riemann zeta function. The proof is based on ideas of Harper concerning sharp upper bounds for the
$2k$
th moments of the Riemann zeta function on the critical line.
Oral and Inactivated Polio Vaccine Coverage and Determinants of Coverage Inequality Among the Most At-Risk Populations in Ethiopia
Authors: Gebremedhin Samson , Shiferie Fisseha , Tsegaye Dawit A. , Alemayehu Wondwossen A. , Wondie Tamiru , Donofrio Jen , DelPizzo Frank , Belete Kidist , Biks Gashaw Andarge
Published: September 2023

Combining oral (OPV) and inactivated (IPV) poliovirus vaccines prevents importation of poliovirus and emergence of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus. We measured the coverage with IPV and third dose of OPV (OPV-3) and identified determinants of coverage inequality in the most at-risk populations in Ethiopia. A national survey representing 10 partly overlapping underserved populations—pastoralists, conflict-affected areas, urban slums, hard-to-reach settings, developing regions, newly formed regions, internally displaced people (IDPs), refugees, and districts neighboring international and interregional boundaries—was conducted among children 12 to 35 months old (N = 3,646). Socioeconomic inequality was measured using the concentration index (CIX) and decomposed using a regression-based approach. One-third (95% CI: 31.5–34.0%) of the children received OPV-3 and IPV. The dual coverage was below 50% in developing regions (19.2%), pastoralists (22.0%), IDPs (22.3%), districts neighboring international (24.1%) and interregional (33.3%) boundaries, refugees (27.0%), conflict-affected areas (29.3%), newly formed regions (33.5%), and hard-to-reach areas (38.9%). Conversely, coverage was better in urban slums (78%). Children from poorest households, living in villages that do not have health posts, and having limited health facility access had increased odds of not receiving the vaccines. Low paternal education, dissatisfaction with vaccination service, fear of vaccine side effects, living in female-headed households, having employed and less empowered mothers were also risk factors. IPV–OPV3 coverage favored the rich (CIX = −0.161, P < 0.001), and causes of inequality were: inaccessibility of health facilities (13.3%), dissatisfaction with vaccination service (12.8%), and maternal (4.9%) and paternal (4.9%) illiteracy. Polio vaccination coverage in the most at-risk populations in Ethiopia is suboptimal, threatening the polio eradication initiative.
RELAÇÕES E CONTRIBUIÇÕES ENTRE FAMÍLIA E ESCOLA NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO APRENDIZAGEM DO SUJEITO
Authors: Oliveira Enilson Marques de , Martins Reginaldo Neves , Lima Dragsa Silva Santos
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo principal, analisar e compreender a influência da família e do ambiente onde o aluno está inserido, no desenvolvimento do aprendizado. Assim, entendemos que a Dificuldade de Aprendizagem se refere a situações difíceis encontradas por crianças e adolescentes na escola, no entanto, lançamos mão do presente tema com o intuito de detectar ou compreender as causas que interferem no desempenho da aprendizagem, ponto primordial para o bom rendimento escolar, desde que as causas sejam trabalhadas e superadas. Para tanto faz se necessário que haja uma interação entre professor/aluno/família. Finalmente, o trabalho orientou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa: observação, análise documental e entrevistas semiestruturas, realizadas em uma Escola Municipal, do município Serra do Ramalho, Bahia, com base em estudos de autores renomados como Gema (2007) e Bourdieu, (2004).
DESAFIOS E ENTRAVES DA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO NOVO ENSINO MÉDIO EM UMA ESCOLA EM SERRA DO RAMALHO
Authors: Mata Cândida Santos
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo te como objetivo analisar as implicações da implantação do Novo Ensino Médio em uma escola de Serra do Ramalho a partir da implantação da reforma curricular do ensino médio no estado da Bahia, iniciada em 2019. Esta reforma foi implementada por meio de uma Medida Provisória aprovada em um contexto de profunda crise institucional, política e social, reflexo de um estado neoliberal e conservador no Brasil. O estudo utilizou da abordagem qualitativa e se configura como documental a partir da análise de documentos e decretos de leis publicados no decorrer da história da educação no Brasil, sites oficias de dados educacionais dos governos estadual e federal. Para atingir este objetivo foram analisadas as normativas e as diretrizes, como as diferentes versões do Documento Curricular Referencial da Bahia (DCRB). De modo geral, pode-se dizer que a implantação de reforma do Ensino Médio na Bahia, especificadamente em uma escola de Serra do Ramalho ainda precisa de uma ampla discussão com toda sociedade e a comunidade educacional a fim de refletir sobre as problemáticas e possíveis alterações nessa etapa de ensino, bem como a adequação dos espaços escolares para que possa ser garantido aos estudantes do território um ensino de qualidade, na perspectiva da formação humana integral e de transformação social.
Análise financeira da Petrobras no contexto dos atos de corrupção expostos na operação Lava Jato
Authors: Rodrigues da Silva João Victor , Oliveira dos Santos Vitty Enzo , Santos Maxwell de Souza , Veloso Leite Oliveira Pedro Henrique , Albuquerque Costa Ian , Chaves Cardoso João Otávio , Vieira Lopes Marcelo
Published: September 2023

Este artigo, adotou como objetivo analisar financeiramente a situação da Petrobras no período da Lava Jato, que ocorreu entre os anos de 2014 e 2021. A pesquisa foi do tipo descritiva, pois visou descrever o estabelecimento de relações entre variáveis, por meio de uma abordagem quantitativa. Através da análise de alguns indicadores como a análise vertical, análise horizontal e índices de liquidez, foi possível entender o comportamento financeiro da estatal durante o período analisado. Após estudo dos resultados coletados, tornou-se exequível apurar a capacidade da Petrobras em gerar lucro mesmo em meio a tantas polemicas e exposições de forma exacerbada. Além disso, o artigo apurou que houve uma repercussão da operação na petrolífera perante o cenário mundial, mostrando o impacto negativo que ela sofreu durante as investigações.
Comunidade indígena Xavante da aldeia Tsorempré: Gestão de recursos e aproveitamento de serviços ecossistêmicos
Authors: Gomes Júnior João , Neto Odorico Ferreira Cardoso
Published: September 2023

Este artigo aborda a gestão de recursos naturais e produzidos na aldeia Tsorempré, terra indígena Sangradouro-Volta Grande, nos municípios de General Carneiro, Novo São Joaquim e Poxoréu, estado de Mato Grosso. Para coletar e compreender os dados relacionados aos serviços ecossistêmicos realizados pelos indígenas e garantir a assertividade das observações realizadas durante as vivências na aldeia, foram elaborados e aplicados questionários temáticos, divididos por categorias. Esta pesquisa tem caráter etnográfico e qualitativo, sem o propósito de quantificar os aspectos investigados. De acordo com as observações feitas em campo, foi possível verificar que a população da aldeia Tsorempré utiliza os serviços ecossistêmicos (recursos naturais), principalmente para alimentação e para manutenção da cultura. Boa parte dos alimentos consumidos na aldeia são oriundos dos serviços ecossistêmicos. O povo Xavante é coletor e caçador; a coleta é uma atividade de responsabilidade das mulheres e a caça compete aos homens. Na relação entre produção, compra e venda existe uma prática complexa onde o que é produzido envolve condições climáticas e, especialmente, a cultura Xavante. O que é vendido considera, principalmente, as necessidades dos indígenas, ficando, os preços, estabelecidos em segundo plano, sem considerar o mercado. Percebe-se, assim, modos outros de os seres humanos se relacionarem uns com os outros, com a natureza, e com o consumo.
The dynamics of renewable energies in the Brazilian energy matrix in the 21ST century
Authors: Araújo Daniel Féo Castro de
Published: September 2023

In the early 21st century, Brazil began adopting a series of energy policies aimed at analyzing and understanding the dynamics of its energy matrix. In this context, this article aims to analyze the dynamics of the Brazilian energy matrix based on the main energy policies adopted in the early 21st century. The research methodology begins with a bib-liographic review on the topic, directed at understanding the studied dynamics, as well as the construction of a theoretical framework from directly and indirectly related works. The bibliographic survey was conducted through research in libraries, digital repositories, and scientific journals, referencing books, dissertations, theses, databases, and articles related to the topic. This investigation is important as it deals with energy-related issues that are related to climate concerns. We conclude that, based on existing data, although there are concerns and debates about the environment and climate change in Brazil, there has been little progress in terms of the percentage of renewable energy sources incorporated into the Brazilian energy matrix between 1990 and 2020. Examining the Brazilian energy panorama in 1990 and 2020, we can see that the share of renewable sources reached 49%, making it the highest percentage of renewable sources in the internal energy supply during this period of analysis, with 51% of non-renewable sources.
MULTIMODAL TREATMENT APPROACHES FOR ARSHA: A CRITICAL REVIEW
Authors: Ram Bhinya , Singh Manmahendra , Chauhan Neha , Kumar P. Hemantha
Published: September 2023

Arsha (piles) is one of the commonest diseases of ano-rectal region which is included under the Ashtamahagada
(eight great diseases). Arsha (Hemorrhoids) is clinically an engorged condition of hemorrhoidal venous plexus
along with abnormally displaced enlarged anal cushion, characterized by inflamed or prolapsed pile mass, bleeding per rectum and some abnormal discharge from anus. Modern medical science has treatment alternatives such
as diet- lifestyle modification, sclerotherapy, banding, LASER ablation etc. in early stage and various surgical
procedures such as Haemorrhoidectomy, and other minimal invasive procedures. in advanced stage with varied
prognosis. Haemorrhoid can be co-related with Gud-Arsha in Ayurveda. Ayurvedic texts suggest fourfold treatment for Arsha such as Bheshaja (Medicinal treatment), Kshara karma (Herbal caustic paste), Agnikarma (thermal heat burn) and Shastra karma (Surgery). In this review article, information from modern surgery texts in view
of available treatment options as per stage of disease and a gist of contemporary texts of Ayurveda related to Arsha (Haemorrhoid), have been documented to understand integrated and holistic treatment approach towards
haemorrhoid management. The article attempts to simplify haemorrhoid management and touches maximum aspects of this disease with an integrated approach. Hence, this article will certainly prove useful to proctologist and
researchers belonging to field of Modern and Ayurveda, to know about holistic haemorrhoid management.
STABILITY STUDY OF PATOLADI KWATH FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF BASELINE
MICROBIAL PROFILE USED IN MIGRAINE ASSOCIATED GASTROINTESTINAL
DISEASES W.S.R. TO AMLAPITTA
Authors: Shruti Vinchhi , Poojan Verma Ram , M. S Cholera , D. H Pandya
Published: September 2023

Migraine is the most prevalent neurological disorder which is also associated with gastrointestinal symptoms.
Patoladi Kwath is one of the herbal formulations mentioned which was used in clinical trial to treat Migraine associated with Amlapitta. Objective: In the present study, stability with respect to its microbial profile in different
climate condition of Patoladi Kwath carried out. Methods: Patoladi Kwath was stored in plastic bag of 1 kg each
with numbers given to each bag in cool, dark and dry place during different climatic condition. The drug was studied at different intervals for a period of one and half year from March 2019 to October 2020 for the assessment of
mycological findings and presence of microorganisms by Wet mount preparation and Gram stain test respectively.
Results and Conclusions: At the end of study, no contamination found in prepared drug at minimum humidity of
52% with 360C temperature and at maximum humidity of 94% with 270C temperature. Contamination in form of
the bacteria and fungus at minimum humidity of 42% with 320C temperature and at maximum humidity of 91%
with 290C temperature found in prepared drug.
A PHARMACUETICO-ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF JWARAHARA PROPERTY OF
NIMBADI CHURNA
Authors: prabhu G Shwetha , C Rachana. , Rao Hariharaprasad
Published: September 2023

Panchavidha Kashaya kalpanas are the fundamental preparations of bhaishajya Kalpana1
. Some of the authors
have considered churna as one among the Kashaya kalpanas. Churna is nothing but powdered form of raw drugs
which can contain both herbal and herbo mineral components2
. it is one of the most common dosage forms in dayto-day practice. Nimbadi churna contains drugs of herbal origin which was methodically prepared and analytical
study of the same was done. Animal experiment was done using Nimbadi churna on wistar albino rats for fever
study.
SIGNIFICANCE OF VIRECHAN IN VYANGA (MELESMA)- A KARMA REVIEW
Authors: Uniya Priyanka , Bhatkoti Mayank , Datta Shukla Gyanendra , Panwar Balkrishna
Published: September 2023

The purification of the provoked Doshas from the body is the focus of Panchakarma. Virechan Karma is a targeted treatment designed to remove Pitta Dosha from the body. In addition to Pitta Dosha, Virechan Karma is also
beneficial for eliminating Kapha Dosha which is associated with Pitta. This elimination process occurs not only
in the Amashaya (digestive system) but throughout the entire body, even at the cellular level. Vyanga is a Raktaprodash Vikar and main Dosha involvement is Pitta so among all the treatment modalities Acharya mentioned
importance of Shodhan especially Virechan Karma which is main line of treatment for Pitta and Rakta Dosha.
The procedure includes three distinct steps like Purvakarma, Pradhankarma and Paschatkarma. Shodhan Karma
(Virechan), when used correctly, is a useful way to remove morbid bodily waste and toxin from body along with
improvement overall health.
Design And Plastic Flow Analysis Of a 16-Cavity Injection Mold For a 2-Pole Automobile Wiring Harness Connector
Authors: Shashank S  , Sudeep I  , Dr. R. Nagaraja
Published: September 2023

The mold design for automobile wiring harness connectors plays a important role in maintaining the quality of the automotive electronic system. This project aims at a design approach with injection molding machine selection and mold flow analysis for a newly developed 16-cavity mold for a 2-pole automobile wiring harness connector. The designed mold is validated with the Solidworks plastic simulation software to verify the flow parameters such as fill time, ease of fill, cooling channel efficiency and possible defects that might occur such as warpage and shrinking. The calculated data and the analysis results are compared. The project helps in understanding the input parameters that needs to be considered during a mold design and steps to validate the same.
Face Gender Classification by Using Improve Binary Particle Swarm Optimization and K-Nearest Neighbors
Authors: Minh Ly Duc  , Dong Phan Tan
Published: September 2023

This paper studies the application of the Binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) algorithm to the optimal search for facial features and gender classification by K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) model. The results show that the accuracy and processing time of the model is much better than that of VGG16, VGG19, Resnet50, Senet50, Face Net, Open Face and FbDeep Face models. a large-scale GenderFace80K dataset with 80,000 facial images with gender annotation used in the research model.
Tỷ lệ chu kỳ chuyển phôi trữ lạnh có nồng độ progesterone huyết thanh thấp và các yếu tố liên quan tại Bệnh viện Hùng Vương
Authors: Huỳnh Phúc Khánh Minh , Lý Thái Lộc , Nguyễn Ánh Ngọc , Lê Thị Vân Trâm , Vương Thị Ngọc Lan
Published: September 2023

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ chu kỳ chuyển phôi trữ lạnh có nồng độ progesterone huyết thanh thấp (< 10 ng/mL) vào ngày chuyển phôi và khảo sát các yếu tố có liên quan đến nồng độ progesterone huyết thanh thấp.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả được thực hiện tại Bệnh viện Hùng Vương từ tháng 10/2022 - 02/2023 trên 367 chu kỳ chuyển phôi trữ lạnh được chuẩn bị nội mạc tử cung bằng phác đồ chu kỳ nhân tạo.

Kết quả: Tỷ lệ chu kỳ chuyển phôi trữ lạnh có nồng độ progesterone huyết thanh thấp vào ngày chuyển phôi là 71,66%. Phân tích hồi quy logistic đa biến cho thấy cân nặng tăng làm tăng nguy cơ nồng độ progesterone huyết thanh thấp ở ngày chuyển phôi lên 1,04 lần (OR; KTC 95%: 1,0006 - 1,07, p = 0,05) và thời gian từ khi dùng liều progesterone cuối đến thời điểm lấy máu càng dài thì nguy cơ nồng độ progesterone thấp tăng 1,11 lần (OR; KTC 95%: 1,03 - 1,19, p = 0,004).

Kết luận: Tỷ lệ chu kỳ chuyển phôi trữ lạnh có nồng độ progesterone huyết thanh thấp vào ngày chuyển phôi là cao. Yếu tố liên quan của nồng độ progesterone thấp vào ngày chuyển phôi là cân nặng tăng và thời gian từ liều progesterone cuối đến khi lấy máu xét nghiệm kéo dài.
Nghiên cứu đặc điểm cận lâm sàng và kết quả điều trị dọa sẩy thai tại Khoa Phụ sản Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y - Dược Huế
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Kim Anh , Trương Thị Linh Giang
Published: September 2023

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu đặc điểm cận lâm sàng và kết quả điều trị các trường hợp dọa sẩy thai tại Khoa Phụ sản, Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y - Dược Huế.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: 82 thai phụ được chẩn đoán là dọa sẩy thai được nằm điều trị tại Khoa Phụ sản, Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y - Dược Huế từ tháng 06/2022 đến tháng 02/2023, thực hiện theo phương pháp mô tả cắt ngang.

Kết quả: Dọa sẩy thai gặp nhiều nhất ở nhóm tuổi mẹ từ 25 - 29 tuổi chiếm tỷ lệ 39,0%. Giá trị trung bình βhCG tăng dần và cao nhất ở tuần thai 7 tuần - < 13 tuần, sau đó giảm dần ở các tuần thai tiếp theo. Kết quả điều trị: Thành công 89,0%, thất bại 11,0%. Thai phụ ≥ 35 tuổi có nguy cơ điều trị thất bại gấp 4,4 lần so với thai phụ < 35 tuổi. Progesterone kết hợp với mức tăng trung bình βhCG, có giá trị chẩn đoán và có giá trị tiên đoán tốt kết quả thai kỳ. Siêu âm tim thai dương tính điều trị thành công chiếm tỷ lệ 98,5%. Trong đó, nếu tim thai ≥ 110 lần/ phút tỷ lệ điều trị thành công là 100,0%, nếu tim thai < 110 lần/ phút thì tỷ lệ điều trị thành công chỉ có 50,0%, ít hơn 2 lần.

Kết luận: Progesterone kết hợp với mức tăng trung bình βhCG, có giá trị chẩn đoán và có giá trị tiên đoán tốt kết quả thai kỳ.
Khảo sát giá trị các phương pháp ước lượng cân nặng thai nhi đủ tháng
Authors: Nguyễn Xuân Công , Đoàn Quang Huy , Bùi Thị Thảo , Lê Ngọc Quỳnh Hương , Nguyễn Quang Minh , Đàm Lê Châu , Trần Mạnh Linh , Trần Thị Ngọc Bích
Published: September 2023

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát mức độ phù hợp của các phương pháp ước lượng cân nặng thai trên lâm sàng và siêu âm.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 500 sản phụ mang đơn thai và đủ tháng vào sinh tại Khoa Phụ sản, Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y - Dược Huế từ tháng 06/2022 đến tháng 02/2023.

Kết quả: Tỷ lệ ước lượng chính xác của các công thức Hadlock I, Hadlock II, Hadlock III, Hadlock IV, Warsof, Cổ điển, McDonald và Dare lần lượt là 78,2%, 79,4%, 78,8%, 79%, 66%, 66,2%, 64,4% và 57%. Ngoại trừ công thức Dare, tất cả công thức còn lại đều có phần trăm sai số tuyệt đối < 10%. Trong các công thức dựa vào lâm sàng, công thức cổ điển cho sai số tuyệt đối thấp nhất với ± 272,85 g (254,05 - 292,29, KTC 95%). Trong các công thức dựa vào siêu âm, công thức Hadlock II và Hadlock IV hiệu quả nhất với sai số tuyệt đối trung bình lần lượt là ± 200,54 g (184,82 - 216,53, 95% CI); ± 205,73 g (190,04 - 221,51, KTC 95%) và giữa hai công thức không có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê (p < 0,05).

Kết luận: Công thức cổ điển có giá trị hiệu quả nhất trên lâm sàng, công thức Hadlock II và Hadlock IV là hiệu quả nhất trên siêu âm và không có sự khác biệt giữa 2 công thức. Trong nhóm thai có cân nặng khi sinh từ 3000 - 3500 g, phương pháp lâm sàng bằng công thức cổ điển hiệu quả hơn phương pháp siêu âm.