bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bharatiya Yog Sansthan: reshaping society through Yog
Authors: Samal Jayalaxmi
Published: November 2019

Learning outcomes

The learning outcomes are as follows: understand the operating model of a not-for-profit organization; gain knowledge about the significance of an organizational structure to successfully run a not-for-profit organization; learn the socio-cultural implication of yog through BYS; and learn the applicability of growth and business expansion strategy in the case of a not-for-profit organization.

Case overview/synopsis

This case covers the innovative operating model of Bharatiya Yog Sansthan (BYS) – a not-for-profit organization which offers free service towards the society through yog. BYS was a not-for-profit organization that survived for long without accepting donation in any form. They had more than 3,500 Yog Centers in 21 States and 2 union territories in India and more than 60 Yog Centers in foreign countries. They were the only not-for-profit organization which had operated such a huge number of Yog Centers across the world. Des Raj became the face of BYS after the demise of the founder Mr. Prakash Lal. While adhering to the core principle of the founder, the list of challenges in front of Mr. Des Raj and other yog enthusiasts’ associated with BYS was long. There arise no questions regarding the level of commitment and dedication of Des Raj and his team. They had left no stone unturned to bring BYS into the lime light and perhaps this is the reason because of which BYS had stood for more than fifty years. On one part they were strictly against commercialization and on the other part, they wanted to reach every household. Was it truly challenging for them to reach people without spending money on promotion? Was it really difficult for a not-for-profit which survived without donation to establish it as a brand?

Complexity academic level

This case can be taught effectively to MBA/ BBA students as a part of Strategic Management and Entrepreneurship subject.

Supplementary materials

Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code

CSS 11: Strategy.
Melting heat transfer of a non-Newtonian phase change material in a cylindrical vertical-cavity partially filled porous media
Authors: Ghalambaz Mohammad , Ayoubi Ayoubloo Kasra , Hajjar Ahmad
Published: November 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate melting heat transfer of a non-Newtonian phase change material (PCM) in a cylindrical enclosure-space between two tubes using a deformed mesh method.

Design/methodology/approach

Metal foam porous layers support the inner and outer walls of the enclosure. The porous layers and clear space of the enclosure are filled with PCM. The natural convection effects during the phase change are taken into account, and the governing equations for the molten region and solid region of the enclosure are introduced. The governing equations are transformed into non-dimensional form and then solved using finite element method. The results are compared with the literary works and found in good agreement. The non-Newtonian effects on the phase change heat transfer and melting front are studied.

Findings

The results show that the increase of non-Newtonian effects (the decrease of the power-law index) enhances the heat melting process in the cavity at the moderate times of phase change heat transfer. The temperature gradients in porous metal foam over the hot wall are small, and hence, the porous layer notably increases the melting rate. When the melting front reaches the cold porous layer, strong non-linear behaviors of the melting front can be observed.

Originality/value

The phase change heat transfer of non-Newtonian fluid in a cylindrical enclosure partially filled with metal foams is addressed for the first time.
Lattice Boltzmann simulation for natural convection of supercritical CO2 in an inclined square cavity
Authors: Lu Shihua , Zhu Jianqi , Gao Dongyan , Chen Weiwei , Li Xinjun
Published: November 2019

Purpose

This study aims to show the importance of natural convection of supercritical fluid in an inclined cavity. The heat transfer performance of natural convection can be improved.

Design/methodology/approach

A model of an inclined cavity was set up to simulate the natural convection of supercritical fluid. The influence of inclined angles (30 to approximately 90°) and pressures (8 to approximately 12 MPa) are analyzed. To ascertain flow and heat transfer of supercritical fluid natural convection, this paper conducts a numerical investigation using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), which is proven to be precise and convenient.

Findings

The results show that the higher heat transfer performance can be obtained with an inclined angle of 30°. It is also presented that the heat transfer performance under pressure of 10 MPa is the best. In addition, common criterion number correlations of average Nusselt number are also fitted.

Originality/value

These study results can provide a theoretical reference for the study of heat transfer of supercritical fluid natural convection in engineering.
Numerical investigation of thermal pulsating alumina/water nanofluid flow over three different cross-sectional channel
Authors: Hoseinzadeh S. , Otaghsara S.M. Taheri , Khatir M.H. Zakeri , Heyns P.S.
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the pulsating flow in a three-dimensional channel. Channel flow is laminar and turbulent. After validation, the effect of different channel cross-sectional geometries (circular, hexagonal and triangular) with the pulsating flow are investigated. For this purpose, the alumina nanofluid was considered as a working fluid with different volume percentages (0 per cent [pure water], 3 per cent and 5 per cent).

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the pulsatile flow was investigated in a three-dimensional channel. Channel flow is laminar and turbulent.

Findings

The results show that the fluid temperature decreases by increasing the volume percentage of particles of Al2O3; this is because of the fact that the input energy through the wall boundary is a constant value and indicates that with increasing the volume percentage, the fluid can save more energy at a constant temperature. And by adding Al2O3 nanofluid, thermal performance improves in channels, but it should be considered that the use of nanofluid causes a pressure drop in the channel.

Originality/value

Alumina/water nanofluid with the pulsating flow was investigated and compared in three different cross-sectional channel geometries (circular, hexagonal and triangular). The effect of different volume percentages (0 per cent [pure water], 3 per cent and 5 per cent) of Al2O3 nanofluid on temperature, velocity and pressure are studied.
Stock visibility for retail using an RFID robot
Authors: Morenza-Cinos Marc , Casamayor-Pujol Victor , Pous Rafael
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The combination of the latest advancements in information and communication technologies with the latest developments in AutoID technologies, especially radio frequency identification (RFID), brings the possibility of high-resolution, item-level visibility of the entire supply chain. In the particular case of retail, visibility of both the stock count and item location in the shop floor is crucial not only for an effective management of the retail supply chain but also for physical retail stores to compete with online retailers. The purpose of this paper is to propose an autonomous robot that can perform stock-taking using RFID for item-level identification much more accurately and efficiently than the traditional method of using human operators with RFID handheld readers.

Design/methodology/approach

This work follows the design science research methodology. The paper highlights a required improvement for an RFID inventory robot. The design hypothesis leads to a novel algorithm. Then the cycle of development and evaluation is iterated several times. Finally, conclusions are derived and a new basis for further development is provided.

Findings

An autonomous robot for stock-taking is proven feasible. By applying a proper navigation strategy, coupled to the stream of identifications, the accuracy, precision, consistency and time to complete stock-taking are significantly better than doing the same task manually.

Research limitations/implications

The main limitation of this work is the unavailability of data to analyze the actual impact on the correction of inventory record inaccuracy and its subsequent implications for the supply chain management. Nonetheless, it is shown that figures of actual stock-tacking procedures can be significantly improved.

Originality/value

This paper discloses the potential of deploying an inventory robot in the supply chain. The robot is called to be a key source of inventory data conforming supply chain management 4.0 and omnichannel retail.
Overtourism management competencies in Asian urban heritage areas
Authors: Jamieson Walter , Jamieson Michelle
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Urban heritage areas are under significant pressure as a result of increasing populations and significant visitor growth. The growth in visitor numbers is of particular concern as this is leading to the phenomenon of overtourism. In Asia, although the issue of overtourism requires immediate attention in order to avoid the loss of tangible and intangible heritage, many of those responsible for managing urban heritage areas lack the skills and competencies to prevent it or mitigate its effects. The purpose of this paper is to present an exploratory competency framework for managing urban heritage areas sustainably, for thereby preventing and/or mitigating overtourism.

Design/methodology/approach

In developing this framework, the authors examined how the context needs to change in order to implement sustainable urban heritage management, and they identified the particular competencies and associated skills and knowledge that are required of the stakeholders responsible for urban heritage areas to manage, prevent and/or mitigate overtourism. This analysis was based on a series of case studies examining the planning and management of urban heritage areas in Asia.

Findings

It was found that meeting three key objectives was essential in improving the competencies of stakeholder heritage area planners and developers as it relates to overtourism: integrated team approach, a mindset change on the part of key stakeholders and a common vision guiding the development process.

Research limitations/implications

It was found that in order for urban heritage managers to sustainably manage the heritage under their responsibility and prevent and/or mitigate overtourism, a fundamental shift in mindset is required on the part of key stakeholders, moving away from a “silo” approach and towards an integrated approach to urban heritage management, in which the team leaders and management teams have an interdisciplinary set of competencies and are supported in the planning and management process by subject/discipline specialists. The authors found that the set of competencies that are required by heritage management teams lie at the intersection of the four key areas of policy and planning intervention in urban heritage areas, which are: community economic development, urban planning and design, urban heritage area planning, and tourism planning and management. The competencies can be categorized under three headings: interdisciplinary perspective, soft management competencies and technical competencies.

Originality/value

This paper was developed based on the authors’ experience in planning and tourism initiatives throughout Asia and on a long history of urban heritage tourism and planning work around the world. Most of the discussion focusses on how urban destinations can prevent and/or address the issues associated with overtourism by enhancing the competencies of the teams and practitioners who are responsible for managing urban heritage areas.
The importance of keeping employees satisfied
Authors: Blanchard Céline , Baker Amanda , Perreault Dominique , Mask Lisa , Tremblay Maxime
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between three antecedents, namely, work self-determination, managerial support (i.e. interpersonal motivation style) and person–organization fit (P-O) (i.e. shared values among employees and the overall organization) on employee work satisfaction in a French Canadian health care context. Assessing the relationships between such intrapersonal, interpersonal and macro-level variables will help to better comprehend work satisfaction in health care and shed light on applicable transformations for management.

Design/methodology/approach

The study tested a judicious model grounded in self-determination theory in order to capture and construe the three levels of influence. Participants were recruited from four health centers in the Suroît (Quèbec, Canada) region. Management was provided with the questionnaire and asked to distribute to all employees including nurses and allied health. A serial multiple mediation analysis was used to test the proposed model.

Findings

The findings revealed that nearly 60 percent of the participants from each of the professional groups reported feeling moderately to not at all satisfied with their job (follow-up ANOVA revealed that nurses were the least satisfied). Through closer examination, the findings revealed that 46 percent of the variance in reported job satisfaction was explained by the three focal antecedents from the hypothesized model (work self-determination, managerial support and P-O fit). Therefore the model, in its entirety, represents a comprehensive perspective for influencing employee work satisfaction in particularly demanding health care work contexts.

Originality/value

The study is the first to indicate the prevailing factors necessary to pursue and support employee satisfaction within a health care context among French Canadians.
“There is total silence here” Ethical competence and inter-organizational learning in healthcare governance
Authors: Falkenström Erica , Höglund Anna T.
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyse ethical competence related to healthcare governance and management tasks at the county/regional level in Sweden. The paper also discusses conditions that support or constrain the development and application of such competence.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on original qualitative data from 13 interviews and 6 meeting observations. Three key groups of actors were included: politicians, civil servants and CEOs in publicly financed health-provider organizations. An abductive analysis was carried out by a stepwise method guided by thematic research questions.

Findings

The informants viewed themselves as having a high degree of ethical responsibility for healthcare practice. However, they did not integrate ethical reflection and dialogue into their work decisions (e.g. regarding budgets, reforms and care agreements). The current organization, control systems and underlying business principles, along with the individuals’ understanding of their own and others’ roles, tended to constrain the development and use of ethical competence.

Practical implications

Qualities of an appropriate ethical competence related to healthcare governance and management, and conditions to develop and use such competence, are suggested.

Originality/value

Hardly any empirical research has examined ethical competence related to healthcare governance and management tasks. The paper integrates ethics and theories on learning in organizations and contributes knowledge about ethical competence and the conditions necessary to develop and practise ethical competence in an organizational and inter-organizational context.
Strategies to increase physician engagement in acute care settings: a scoping review
Authors: Shaw Graham , Smith Neale , Khowaja Asif , Mitton Craig , Denis Jean-Louis , Lovato Chris
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Despite growing attention to physician engagement there is a lack of literature to guide the development of physician-led interventions. A scoping review was conducted to describe physician-led strategies that have been implemented to promote increased physician engagement in acute care settings. Strategies are viewed through the theoretical lens of institutional work to advance the understanding about how the theory can be applied. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

Searches were conducted in English-language publications (2012–2017). Of 35 retained articles, 15 were from the gray literature; and 20 were peer reviewed. The review was guided by Arskey and O’Malley’s (2005) five-stage process.

Findings

Five themes reflecting different foci of physician-led activity were examined from the perspective of institutional work: systematically analyze context using participatory methods; work collaboratively toward locally defined, shared targets and build in processes to monitor progress; expand physicians’ role and capacity to include leadership toward shared organizational goals; promote appropriate rewards and incentives for work that builds engagement; and invest in opportunities for formal and informal communication and interaction.

Practical implications

Physicians considering action to increase their engagement in system improvement may benefit from analysis of local opportunities and barriers in selecting context-relevant activities that will motivate participation and build engagement through a balance of institutional work.

Originality/value

The paper considers the potential for physicians to initiate and support activity that will increase their engagement. It provides pragmatic strategies for designing intervention and research using the theoretical lens of institutional work.
Organisational communication as trespass: a patient safety perspective
Authors: Debono Deborah , Robertson Hamish , Travaglia Joanne
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Significant, sustained improvement in patient safety has proved an intractable goal. Attempts to address persistent problems have largely focused on technical solutions to issues conceptualised as clinical, cultural or system based. While communication is at the core of many remediation strategies, the focus has remained largely on communication between clinicians or between clinicians and patients, and on creating centralised guidelines as communicative mechanisms to transmit approved practice. Yet, current attempts at improvement have had limited impact. The purpose of this paper is to highlight vital new ways of conceptualising and exploring the relations and actions that are meant to constitute safety within organisations.

Design/methodology/approach

Utilising theory from social sciences, the authors reconceptualise trespass and transgression, traditionally positioned as infringements, as acts of resistance: mechanisms for intrusion which intentionally or unintentionally disrupt the territorial claims of professions and organisations to enhance patient safety.

Findings

Drawing on the literature, research and professional experience, two forms of trespass are discussed: the intrusion of largely invisible and understudied ancillary staff into the world of clinicians; and the use of workarounds by clinicians themselves. In both cases, transgressors intend to increase rather than decrease patient safety and may, upon further examination, prove to do so.

Originality/value

Trespasses and transgressions considered in this light offer the opportunity to make visible people, relationships and actions which have previously remained hidden in our understanding of, and therefore proposed solutions to, patient safety.
SEC announces results of share class selection disclosure initiative
Authors: Carroll Brenden , Perlow Mark , Schleppegrell Christine Ayako , Scarritt-Selman Sam
Published: November 2019

Purpose

To explain the SEC’s Share Class Selection Disclosure Initiative (SCSD Initiative), the purpose it seeks to serve, the results it has generated, and its broader implications for the asset management industry.

Design/methodology/approach

Explains the newly announced results of the SEC’s Share Class Selection Disclosure Initiative. Provides background on the principles underlying the initiative, the mechanics by which the initiative’s self-reporting program operated, and industry reaction to the initiative. Analyzes the results the initiative generated, in terms of both aggregate disgorgement and the terms of settlement offered to self-reporting advisers. Draws conclusions and provides key takeaways.

Findings

Although the terms of the actual settlements were consistent with the framework of standardized settlement terms set forth in the SCSD Initiative, whether the standardized terms of settlement offered under the SCSD Initiative ultimately will be viewed as favorable will depend in large part upon how the SEC continues to treat advisers that did not self-report.

Originality/value

Expert analysis from experienced lawyers in the mutual fund and investment advisory industries.
Combining group psychotherapy and yoga exercises improves quality of life in mental health professionals: a controlled randomized clinical trial
Authors: Maglia Marilena , Auditore Roberta , Pipitone Stefano , DiPasqua Rachele , Inguscio Lucio , Caponnetto Pasquale
Published: November 2019

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the effects of combining 12-week group psychotherapy with yoga exercises on stress perception and quality of life in mental health professionals.

Design/methodology/approach

This study was a parallel-arm randomized controlled trial, in which the participants was unaware of which group was the experimental one. Participants involved in our research were assigned to two groups of separate treatment that followed for three months group psychotherapy combined with yoga program for stress management or usual stress coping strategies.

Findings

The findings did not reveal a significant difference in stress perception assessed in the two groups either before or after intervention but reveal a significant difference in the quality of life in the two groups before and after the psycho behavioral interventions.

Originality/value

The findings did not reveal a significant difference in stress perception assessed in the two groups either before or after intervention but reveal a significant difference in the quality of life in the two groups before and after the psycho behavioral interventions.
Exploring member readiness for change in manufacturing industries using phenomenology
Authors: Costello Jayne E. , Arghode Vishal
Published: November 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to explore member readiness for change in manufacturing industry.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors interviewed 14 upper management professionals in Northeast US state companies. Inductive analysis and creative synthesis were used for identifying important patterns, themes and relationships pertaining to external and internal factors influencing employee attitudes related to change processes.

Findings

The findings suggest relationship between process change and member readiness for change. Leadership and communication channels play a significant role in determining how members adapt and respond to organizational process changes. Companies can achieve desirable outcomes when members trust organizational leadership and perceive management as fair and transparent.

Originality/value

Currently, there is little known about the relationship between process change and member readiness for change in manufacturing industry. The study advances the theoretical literature and provides practical information for manufacturing professionals.
Introducing Chinese private enterprise survey: points and prospects
Authors: Chen Guangjin , Lu Peng , Lin Zeyan , Song Na
Published: November 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to introduce the history and major achievement of the Chinese private enterprise survey (CPES), which is one of the most enduring large-scale nationwide sample surveys in China, providing important micro firm-level data for understanding and studying the development of Chinese enterprises and entrepreneurs over the past 26 years.

Design/methodology/approach

The main body of this paper is based on a bibliometric analysis of all literature using CPES until 2017.

Findings

This paper discusses problems that users may encounter during data mining. By doing so, it can assist other researchers to get a better understanding of what has been done (e.g. journals, topics, scholars and institutions) and do their research in a more targeted way.

Research limitations/implications

As members of the survey project team, the authors also take a prospect of the future data design and use, as well as offer some suggestions about how to use the CPES data to improve high-quality development and business environment evaluation in China.

Originality/value

This paper is the first to provide an overall picture of academic papers in China and abroad that have used the CPES data.
Fitness consequences of different migratory strategies in partially migratory populations: A multi‐taxa meta‐analysis
Authors: Buchan Claire , Gilroy James J. , Catry Inês , Franco Aldina M. A.
Published: November 2019

Partial migration—wherein migratory and non‐migratory individuals exist within the same population—represents a behavioural dimorphism; for it to persist over time, both strategies should yield equal individual fitness. This balance may be maintained through trade‐offs where migrants gain survival benefits by avoiding unfavourable conditions, while residents gain breeding benefits from early access to resources.

There has been little overarching quantitative analysis of the evidence for this fitness balance. As migrants—especially long‐distance migrants—may be particularly vulnerable to environmental change, it is possible that recent anthropogenic impacts could drive shifts in fitness balances within these populations.

We tested these predictions using a multi‐taxa meta‐analysis. Of 2,939 reviewed studies, 23 contained suitable information for meta‐analysis, yielding 129 effect sizes.

Of these, 73% (n = 94) reported higher resident fitness, 22% (n = 28) reported higher migrant fitness, and 5% (n = 7) reported equal fitness. Once weighted for precision, we found balanced fitness benefits across the entire dataset, but a consistently higher fitness of residents over migrants in birds and herpetofauna (the best‐sampled groups). Residency benefits were generally associated with survival, not breeding success, and increased with the number of years of data over which effect sizes were calculated, suggesting deviations from fitness parity are not due to sampling artefacts.

A pervasive survival benefit to residency documented in recent literature could indicate that increased exposure to threats associated with anthropogenic change faced by migrating individuals may be shifting the relative fitness balance between strategies.
Synergistic Gelation Effects in Surimi Mixtures Composed of Nemipterus virgatus and Hypophthalmichtys molitrix
Authors: Yi Shumin , Huo Yan , Qiao Cuiping , Wang Wei , Li Xuepeng
Published: November 2019

Mixtures of marine fish surimi and freshwater fish surimi might have synergistic gelation effects under certain conditions. Here, various mixtures of Nemipterus virgatus surimi and Hypophthalmichtys molitrix surimi were analyzed, with respect to gelation characteristics, rheological properties, protein conformations, and microstructure. When the ratio of N. virgatus surimi to H. molitrix surimi was 3:1, gel strength was increased by 3.08% and 92.13%, while cooking loss was reduced by 7.64% and 33.94%, as compared to pure N. virgatus surimi and pure H. molitrix surimi, respectively. In the mixed surimi as compared to the pure surimi, brightness and whiteness were improved, while water holding capacity, the elasticity modulus (G′), and the β‐sheet content were increased. Three‐dimensional (3D) network structure of the mixed surimi gel was more compact and uniform than that of either pure surimi gel. In a word, the elasticity modulus and β‐sheet content of mixtures surimi were significantly increased, and the 3D structure was more compact and uniform; all these led to synergistic gelation effects in surimi mixtures composed of N. virgatus and H. molitrix.

Practical Application

With the accelerated pace of life, the demand quantity of surimi products has increased year by year, but the main raw materials of marine fish resources are increasingly scarce. On the contrary, freshwater fish that can be used for surimi processing resources are very rich, and the price of them is low. Gel properties of freshwater fish surimi is worse than marine fish surimi, and how to improve it is one of the bottlenecks in the development of freshwater fish surimi. We and others have been found that the blended surimi from freshwater fish with marine fish could produce gel synergies under the proper conditions. So, Nemipterus virgatus (marine fish) surimi and Hypophthalmichtys molitrix (freshwater fish) surimi were used as raw materials, and the synergistic effects of the mixed surimi were explored.
Identification of Beta‐Carotene Degradation Compounds and Their Structural Elucidation by High‐Resolution Accurate Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Xu Minren , Chen Tom , Butt Craig M.
Published: November 2019

Beta‐carotene (BC) degradation was studied by liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer. Throughout/After 21 days of dark storage, 56 nonvolatile degradants were chromatographically separated from pure BC crystal and their molecular formulas were identified. Their structure information was gained by comparing the fragments to a different, but structure‐related compound. For example, a newly formed double bond position in dehydrogenated BC was determined by comparing the fragments between BC and dehydrogenated BC. One of their chemical structures was confirmed by comparing its precursor ion mass, retention time, isotopic ratio, and fragmentation to a pure trans‐beta‐apo‐8′‐apocarotenal. BC cleavage was observed on double bonds as well as single bonds in BC conjugation chain.

Practical Application

As evidenced in this study, beta‐carotene (BC) degradation is a spontaneous process initiated when the compound is exposed to air. The stoichiometric ratio of BC to oxygen is 1:0.03 at the first oxidation, therefore, only 0.3 mg oxygen or 1.2 mL air will degrade 10 mg BC, an average daily recommended intake. Not like in enzymatic BC degradation, spontaneous BC oxidation did not produce provitamin A, either in retina C20H38O or retinol C20H40O forms. For BC application in vitamin A deficiency, spontaneous BC oxidation should be avoided.
The role of personality functioning in drug misuse treatment engagement
Authors: Papamalis Fivos E. , Kalyva Efrosini , Teare M. Dawn , Meier Petra S.
Published: November 2019

Background and aim

Personality functioning is predictive of drug misuse and relapse, yet little is known about the role of personality in engagement with the treatment process. This study aimed to estimate the extent to which broad‐ and facet‐level characteristic adaptations contribute to or hinder treatment engagement, while controlling for psychosocial indicators.

Design

Multi‐site cross‐sectional survey.

Setting

In‐patient treatment units covering 80% of residential treatment entries in Greece.

Participants

A total of 338 service users, 287 (84.9%) male, 51 (15.1%) female, average age 33.4 years.

Measurements

Expressions of personality functioning (characteristic adaptations) were assessed using the Severity Indices of Personality Problems (SIPP‐118). Treatment engagement was measured using the Client Evaluation of Self and Treatment, in‐patient version (CEST).

Findings

Dysfunctional levels of relational capacities predicted counselling rapport [β = 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.326–2.69, P = 0.013], treatment participation (β = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.15–3.11, P < 0.001) and treatment satisfaction (β = 1.65, 95% CI = 0.735–2.57, P < 0.001). Counselling rapport was also predicted by dysfunctional levels in self‐control (β = 1.78, 95% CI = 0.899–2.67, P < 0.001), self‐reflective functioning at the facet‐level (β = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.01–3.46, P < 0.001) and aggression regulation (β = 1.43, 95% CI = 0.438–2.42, P = 0.005). Dysfunctional levels on social concordance (β = −1.90, 95% CI = −2.87 to –0.941, P = 0.001), emotional regulation (β = 1.90, 95% CI = 0.87–2.92, P < 0.001) and intimacy (β = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.31–3.05, P < 0.001) were significant predictors of treatment participation. Treatment readiness and desire for help predicted treatment engagement.

Conclusions

In people attending substance use treatment services, maladaptive interpersonal patterns and relational intimacy, emotional dysregulation and impulse control may be associated with low levels of counselling rapport and treatment participation. Low frustration tolerance and aggressive impulses also appeared to predict low participation.
Diagnostic and prognostic role of electrocardiogram in acute myocarditis: A comprehensive review
Authors: Buttà Carmelo , Zappia Luca , Laterra Giulia , Roberto Marco
Published: November 2019

Background

Acute myocarditis represents a challenging diagnosis as there is no pathognomonic clinical presentation. In patients with myocarditis, electrocardiogram (ECG) can display a variety of non‐specific abnormalities. Nevertheless, ECG is widely used as an initial screening tool for myocarditis.

Methods

We researched all possible ECG alterations during acute myocarditis evaluating prevalence, physiopathology, correlation with clinical presentation patterns, role in differential diagnosis, and prognostic yield.

Results

The most common ECG abnormality in myocarditis is sinus tachycardia associated with nonspecific ST/T‐wave changes. The presence of PR segment depression both in precordial and limb leads, a PR segment depression in leads with ST segment elevation, a PR segment elevation in aVR lead or a ST elevation with pericarditis pattern favor generally diagnosis of perimyocarditis rather than myocardial infarction. In patients with acute myocarditis, features associated with a poorer prognosis are: pathological Q wave, wide QRS complex, QRS/T angle ≥ 100°, prolonged QT interval, high‐degree atrioventricular block and malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmia. On the contrary, ST elevation with a typical early repolarization pattern is associated with a better prognosis.

Conclusions

ECG alterations in acute myocarditis could be very useful in clinical practice for a patient‐tailored approach in order to decide appropriate therapy, length of hospitalization, and frequency of followup.
Comparative analysis of ensiling characteristics and protein degradation of alfalfa silage prepared with corn or sweet sorghum in semiarid region of Inner Mongolia
Authors: Tao Ya , Sun Qizhong , Li Feng , Xu Chuncheng , Cai Yimin
Published: November 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate silage fermentation and protein degradation of alfalfa prepared with corn or sweet sorghum (SS) at different mixing ratios. The chemical composition, ensiling characteristics, and protein degradation of alfalfa prepared with and without corn or SS at mixing ratios of 7:3, 1:1, and 3:7 on a fresh matter (FM) basis were studied. The alfalfa had the highest crude protein (CP) content and lactate buffering capacity (LBC), but lower water‐soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content than corn and SS. After 60 days of ensiling, the corn and SS silages had good quality, with lower pH and ammonia‐N content, and higher dry matter (DM) content than the alfalfa silages. In the alfalfa and corn mixture silages, the DM contents linearly increased with an increase in the proportion of corn, while the pH, non‐protein N (NPN), ammonia‐N, and peptide‐N contents linearly decreased. In the alfalfa and SS mixture silages, the DM and NPN contents linearly increased with an increase in the proportion of SS, while the pH, lactic acid, and ammonia‐N contents linearly decreased. This study suggests that alfalfa silage prepared with corn has more positive effect on fermentation quality and inhibiting protein degradation than addition of SS.
Health Effects of Risky Lifestyles and Adverse Working Conditions: Are Older Individuals More Penalized?
Authors: Cottini Elena , Ghinetti Paolo
Published: November 2019

Using unusually rich panel data from Denmark, we investigate differences by age in the health implications of risky lifestyles and adverse working conditions. Accounting for time‐invariant unobserved heterogeneity, overall, we find no health penalties for older workers (55 and over) compared to younger ones (18–34; 35–54). However, the former suffer more from the health consequences of risky lifestyles — especially the lack of consumption of fruit and vegetables and physical inactivity. Working conditions negatively relate with health, but fewer differences across age groups exist. Selection bias, namely the healthy worker effect, does not alter our results.
Human equilibrative nucleoside transporter‐1 expression is a predictor in patients with resected pancreatic cancer treated with adjuvant S‐1 chemotherapy
Authors: Okamura Yukiyasu , Yasukawa Satoru , Narimatsu Hiroto , Boku Narikazu , Fukutomi Akira , Konishi Masaru , Morinaga Soichiro , Toyama Hirochika , Kaneoka Yuji , Shimizu Yasuhiro , Nakamori Shoji , Sata Naohiro , Yamakita Keisuke , Takahashi Amane , Kainuma Osamu , Hishinuma Shoichi , Yamaguchi Ryuzo , Nagino Masato , Hirano Satoshi , Yanagisawa Akio , Mori Keita , Uesaka Katsuhiko
Published: November 2019

The high expression of human equilibrative nucleoside transporter‐1 (hENT1) and the low expression of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) are reported to predict a favorable prognosis in patients treated with gemcitabine (GEM) and 5‐fluorouracil (5FU) as the adjuvant setting, respectively. The expression of hENT1 and DPD were analyzed in patients registered in the JASPAC 01 trial, which showed a better survival of S‐1 over GEM as adjuvant chemotherapy after resection for pancreatic cancer, and their possible roles for predicting treatment outcomes and selecting a chemotherapeutic agent were investigated. Intensity of hENT1 and DPD expression was categorized into no, weak, moderate or strong by immunohistochemistry staining, and the patients were classified into high (strong/moderate) and low (no/weak) groups. Specimens were available for 326 of 377 (86.5%) patients. High expression of hENT1 and DPD was detected in 100 (30.7%) and 63 (19.3%) of 326 patients, respectively. In the S‐1 arm, the median overall survival (OS) with low hENT1, 58.0 months, was significantly better than that with high hENT1, 30.9 months (hazard ratio 1.75, P = 0.007). In contrast, there were no significant differences in OS between DPD low and high groups in the S‐1 arm and neither the expression levels of hENT1 nor DPD revealed a relationship with treatment outcomes in the GEM arm. The present study did not show that the DPD and hENT1 are useful biomarkers for choosing S‐1 or GEM as adjuvant chemotherapy. However, hENT1 expression is a significant prognostic factor for survival in the S‐1 arm.
Health‐related quality of life, pain, and fatigue in young adults with cerebral palsy
Authors: Jacobson Dan N O , Löwing Kristina , Tedroff Kristina
Published: November 2019

Aim

To describe health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), pain, fatigue, and other health variables in young adults with cerebral palsy (CP), and to explore associations with the Gross Motor Function Classification System – Expanded and Revised (GMFCS‐ER) and physical activity.

Method

This was a cross‐sectional study of 61 young adults at a mean age of 21 years 2 months (standard deviation 8mo, range 20–22y) with CP, from a geographically defined area. Data collection included: Short Form 36 version 2 for HRQoL, Brief Pain Inventory – Short Form, Fatigue Severity Scale, level of physical activity, medical history, and physical examination.

Results

Overall HRQoL equalled that of population norms; however self‐reported physical health was lower in GMFCS‐ER levels III to V compared to GMFCS‐ER levels I to II. Self‐reported mental health was, inversely, lower in GMFCS‐ER levels I to II compared to GMFCS‐ER levels III to V. Pain prevalence was 49%, and pain was present across all GMFCS‐ER levels. Fatigue, as well as sleep problems, had 41% prevalence, with fatigue severity decreasing with increasing level of physical activity.

Interpretation

General HRQoL in young adults with CP was comparable to population norms. Pain and fatigue are important to address in high motor‐functioning individuals also. Physical activity could be a possible protective factor against fatigue.

What this paper adds

Health‐related quality of life in young adults with cerebral palsy (CP) was comparable to population norms.

Pain, fatigue, and sleep problems occurred at all Gross Motor Function Classification System levels.

There is a possible protective effect of physical activity on fatigue.
Potassium citrate supplementation with ketogenic dietary therapy for drug‐resistant epilepsy
Authors: Schoeler NE
Published: November 2019

This commentary is on the original article by Bjurulf et al. on pages 57‐61 of this issue.
No‐tillage combined with residue retention and plastic mulching improves maize yields in a cold semiarid region of northern China
Authors: Yin Tao , Yan Changrong , Liu Qi , He Wenqing
Published: November 2019

Management strategies are needed to solve the problem of low soil temperatures under no‐tillage combined with residue retention, which can reduce crop yields in cold semiarid regions. Plastic mulching has been proposed as a solution. A 4‐year field study was conducted to investigate the effects of no‐tillage combined with residue retention and plastic mulching (NTRP), compared with no‐tillage with residue retention (NTR) and conventional tillage (CT) on soil moisture content, soil temperature, water use efficiency (WUE) and maize yield at a cold semiarid site in northern China. Compared with CT, NTR significantly increased soil moisture content by 11.5% in the 0–1.8‐m soil profile (p < .05) but decreased soil temperature by 0.5 °C at the depths of 5–25 cm (p < .05). The maize yield was not significantly different between NTR and CT but was lower under NTR in 2013 and 2015. Compared with NTR, NTRP significantly increased soil temperature by 1.9 °C at the depths of 5–25 cm (p < .05) by changing the spatiotemporal distribution of hydrothermal properties, and ultimately significantly increased maize yields and WUE (p < .05). Although NTRP decreased the soil moisture between 0.4 and 1.2 m of the soil profile, there was no significant difference between NTRP and CT over the entire 0–1.8‐m soil profile. Our results suggest that NTRP reduces the limitations of NTR on soil temperature and thus improves maize grain yield in cold semiarid regions of northern China. Therefore, using plastic mulch to balance and optimize soil moisture and temperature under agricultural practice maybe a wise choice for maintaining and increasing maize productivity in cold semiarid regions.

Highlights

No‐tillage combined with residue retention and plastic mulching (NTRP) reduces the limitation of no‐tillage with residue retention (NTR) on soil temperature.

NTRP maintains the beneficial effects of NTR on soil water conservation.

NTRP increased crop yield and water use efficiency.
Plagiarism, Replication of Published Material without Citation and the Policy of the European Management Review
Authors: Lee Bill , Méric Jérôme , Altman Yochanan
Published: November 2019

This paper responds to calls for editorial teams to provide clear guidance on ethical issues such as plagiarism. Our objective is to outline a policy suitable for an international journal that belongs to an international community, with members across different cultures, speaking different languages. After considering definitions of plagiarism and stating our preference for addressing issues of undeclared replication of text without citation, we review the academic literature on incidents of such behaviour and extant policies of different bodies addressing such practices. We then offer a unique insight into incidents and editorial considerations around submissions to the European Management Review that have replicated text without proper citation. Finally, we employ our definition of replication of text without citation, lessons from the extant literature and evidence from our observations in this journal to establish a policy that European Management Review will employ in the future.
The functions of multiple visual signals in a fiddler crab
Authors: Perez Daniela M. , Backwell Patricia R. Y.
Published: November 2019

In many species, it is common for animals to have multiple signals within one channel of communication. Multiple signals may, however, be inefficient if they are redundant in nature. Identifying the functional significance of these multiple signals is therefore important if we are to understand the evolution of such elaborated behaviours. We proposed to identify the roles of movement‐based multiple signals in a model animal system. Male fiddler crabs wave their sexually dimorphic enlarged claw during social interactions. Some species present multiple signals, where the level of complexity of the movement changes. Males of Austruca mjoebergi can perform a double wave consisting of a high‐ followed by a low‐elevation lifting of the claw, or a single wave consisting of the high‐elevation movement alone. We first investigated structural differences between the double and single wave types, and found that single waves were lower in elevation than double waves. We then explored the adaptive meaning of the wave types by manipulating the social context in which males wave. We found that double waves were given in all contexts and in higher proportions at long distances, suggesting a function of broadcasting male location. Single waves, on the other hand, were mainly given at close range and in the presence of conspecifics, suggesting intraspecific communication. Female presence elicited the highest number and proportion of single waves, a likely result of a female preference for higher wave rates. Finally, we point out that there is an element of interaction between wave types that deserves future attention. This paper is an important contribution to expand our understanding of the adaptive meaning of multiple visual signals and help reach a unified theory of their evolution.
Clinician responses to management control: Case evidence from a university hospital during the fiscal crisis
Authors: Carr Michelle , Beck Matthias P.
Published: November 2019

Ireland experienced a major fiscal crisis from 2008 to 2013. This paper explores clinician responses to crisis‐related control initiatives at one of Ireland's largest university hospitals. Using qualitative research methods within an interpretative framework, our study suggests that some clinicians responded with antipathy, whereas others attempted to engage with managerial demands. Using notions of organizational and occupational professionalism, we link the observed heterogeneity of these responses to factors such as the perceived usefulness of control information, the clinician management relationship, and the clinicians’ specialism. Our analysis supports a nuanced interpretation of clinician behavior where their position along a continuum from resistance to collaboration is affected by group characteristics and beliefs as well as the way control information is collated and disseminated. These findings have implications for the implementation of control measures in various contexts.