bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact factors in LED lamp measurement reproducibility
Authors: Gutierrez-Ballesteros E , Gil-de-Castro A , Rönnberg S , Garrido-Zafra J
Published: November 2020

The aim of this paper is to study the reproducibility of measurements in LED lamps. For research purposes as well as for standardized tests, there is a need for measurements to be reproducible so that results can be accurately compared. The knowledge regarding which parameters and test conditions will influence the results is therefore crucial. This paper aims at identifying how changes in supply voltage and ambient conditions impact the results and defining a methodology to determine when an LED lamp is considered stable. The paper describes the differences in illuminance and active power under different ambient conditions and supply voltages for several LED lamps for indoor use. Variations in illuminance and active power are also studied within the stabilisation time. A consistent methodology for temperature measurement is explained and used in this paper.
DARS-AS1 Knockdown Inhibits the Growth of Cervical Cancer Cells via Downregulating HMGB1 via Sponging miR-188-5p
Authors: Zhu Jinming , Han Shichao
Published: November 2020

Background:

Evidence has been shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the development of cervical cancer. Recently, lncRNA DARS-AS1 was shown to be dysregulated in several cancer types, but the role of DARS-AS1 in cervical cancer remains unclear.

Methods:

Immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and transwell invasion assays were used to determine proliferation, apoptosis and invasion in cervical cancer cells, respectively. The dual luciferase reporter system assay was performed to assess the interaction between DARS-AS1, miR-188-5p, and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in cervical cancer cells.

Results:

Downregulation of DARS-AS1 markedly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Moreover, DARS-AS1 knockdown obviously induced the apoptosis of SiHa and HeLa cells. Meanwhile, luciferase reporter assay identified that miR-188-5p was the potential miRNA binding of DARS-AS1, and HMGB1 was the potential binding target of miR-188-5p. Mechanistic analysis indicated that downregulation of DARS-AS1 decreased the expression of HMGB1 by acting as a competitive “sponge” of miR-188-5p.

Conclusion:

In this study, we found that DARS-AS1 knockdown suppressed the growth of cervical cancer cells via downregulating HMGB1 via sponging miR-188-5p. Therefore, DARS-AS1 might serve as a potential target for the treatment of cervical cancer.
Creation and Validation of German Oral Reading Fluency Passages With Immersion Language Learners
Authors: Newell Kirsten W. , Kember Jessie , Zinn Gesa
Published: November 2020

This brief report summarizes the development and psychometric properties of German reading fluency passages as compared to English reading fluency passages for immersion language learners. Results indicated that scores from German language reading fluency passages alone were (a) somewhat less reliable than scores from English publisher-developed passages, (b) similarly valid measures of reading when compared to scores from English reading fluency passages, and (c) more accurate than publisher-provided English cut-scores but not as accurate as locally developed English cut-scores in the identification of at-risk readers.
Relationships between teacher influence in managerial and instruction-related decision-making, job satisfaction, and professional commitment: A multivariate multilevel model
Authors: Park Joo-Ho , Cooc North , Lee Kang-Ho
Published: November 2020

Research shows teacher influence in school decision-making is related to improving individual job satisfaction and professional commitment. However, few empirical studies investigate how different domains of school decision-making may have a distinct relationship with both individual teacher job satisfaction and professional commitment. Using the Schools and Staffing Survey 2011–2012 and the National Teacher and Principal Survey 2015–2016 which are national samples of U.S. primary and secondary schools, this study examines teacher influence in managerial and instruction domains of school decision-making and whether both are associated with job satisfaction and professional commitment. Results showed that teacher influence in the instruction domain has a statistically stronger relationship with teacher professional commitment than job satisfaction. In contrast, teacher influence in the managerial domain of school decision-making has a statistically stronger relationship with teacher job satisfaction than professional commitment. The results have policy implications for involving teachers in school decision-making and improving their overall job satisfaction.
Negotiating the family order and the initiation of methamphetamine use in Japan
Authors: Brewster David
Published: November 2020

This article uses the concept of the “negotiated order” as developed by McAra and McVie to focus on the role and nature of the “family order” in shaping the initiation of methamphetamine use in Japan. Presenting empirical qualitative data from multiple life-story interviews with 11 men with a history of methamphetamine use, the findings demonstrate that while there were variegated paths that led to initiation of use, a common factor was family breakdown and exclusion. Given the “group-oriented” nature of social organization and relations in Japan and the risks emanating from marginalization from “insider” groups, understanding the importance of the ways in which the ascription and negotiation of identities within and around the family can lead to initiation in a severely stigmatized and criminalized activity in this cultural context provides useful lessons for thinking about formal and informal responses to illegal drugs.
Self-assessment of treatment targets in patients with inflammatory bowel disease using a survey
Authors: Reuken Philipp A. , Grunert Philip C. , Lügering Andreas , Teich Niels , Stallmach Andreas
Published: November 2020

Background:

Physicians can improve their relationships with patients by understanding and meeting patients’ treatment targets, leading to higher adherence to therapy and improved disease prognosis. In the current study, we performed a questionnaire-based survey to further understand treatment targets in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods:

We created a questionnaire based on a point-allocation scale with 10 treatment target items. A total of 234 patients with IBD [Crohn’s disease ( n = 129) and ulcerative colitis ( n = 105)] participated in three German IBD centers. Patients were asked to allocate a total of 10 points across the 10 items, with more points indicating more importance.

Results:

The most important treatment targets for patients regarding their therapy were quality of life (2.78 points), control of defecation (1.53 points), and avoidance of IBD-related surgery (1.69 points). Avoiding surgery for IBD was less important in patients who had already undergone a surgical procedure than in those who had not (1.26 points versus 1.89 points, p < 0.001). Typical treatment targets, including mucosal healing (0.52 points) and normal biochemical markers (0.39 points), were not scored high by patients. The least important item was the possibility of all-oral therapy (0.19 points in 33 patients, 0 points in 201 patients).

Conclusion:

Treatment targets for patients were primarily related to quality of life, such as therapy side effects. Knowing these targets may improve patient–physician relationships and communication, and consequently, adherence to therapy.
Olaparib is effective for recurrent urothelial carcinoma with BRCA2 pathogenic germline mutation: first report on olaparib response in recurrent UC
Authors: Yang Hong , Liu Zhimin , Wang Yufang , Li Jun , Li Ruiqian , Wang Qilin , Hu Chen , Jiang Haiyang , Wu Hongyi , Song Lele , Bai Yu
Published: November 2020

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common malignancy of the lower and upper urinary tract. Recurrent UC has poor prognosis due to delayed diagnosis and a lack of clinical management guidance, especially for upper urinary tract UC. Patients with germline or somatic BRCA1/2 mutations are a special population in UC. No evidence is available so far on the effectiveness of poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) in this population. Here, we report a 60-year-old female patient diagnosed with left ureter high-grade UC. Recurrent lesions were found 20 months after radical surgery. Computed tomography (CT) examination showed a slightly high-density soft tissue mass (3.2 × 3.1 cm) on the left posterior wall of the abdomen (waist), soft tissue mass adjacent to the left inner wall of the pelvis (3.2 × 4.2 cm), and multiple enlarged lymph nodes to the left of abdominal aorta. A next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based 605-gene panel detected a novel BRCA2 pathogenic germline mutation c.1670T>A (p.L557*), and a series of somatic insertion and deletion (INDEL) mutations of BRCA1, RB1, and JAK2, and single nucleotide variation (SNV) mutations of TP53, KMT2D, MET, ROS1, and IL7R. The above lesions were reduced significantly or disappeared (partial response, PR) after a 3-month Olaparib treatment, and the patient’s general condition remained well. In conclusion, this study proved for the first time that PARPi was effective for UC treatment in patients carrying germline BRCA2 pathogenic mutations, providing new treatment options for such patients. In addition, the circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) test can be used for drug selection and response monitoring in UC treatment.
Variation in Headspace Volatiles of Saffron Determined by GC×GC-ToF-MS
Authors: Zwane Busisiwe N. , Kamatou Guy P. , Viljoen Alvaro M. , Betti Georges , Schmidt Mathias
Published: November 2020

Saffron, obtained from the stigmas of Crocus sativus L (Iridaceae), is the most expensive spice traded worldwide. In addition to its culinary uses, various medicinal properties have been confirmed for saffron, which has recently captured the interest of the phytotherapy industry. The quality of saffron is determined by the presence of 3 compounds, namely, crocin, picrocrocin, and safranal, with the latter being responsible for the distinct aroma characteristic of saffron. To determine the volatiles and assess possible geographical variation, headspace analysis using 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional gas chromatography (GC) on 26 samples collected from 9 countries was undertaken. The major constituents identified include safranal, 4-ketoisophorone, acetic acid, 2(5H)-furanone, and 1,4-cyclohexanedione-2,2,6-trimethyl. Quantitative rather than a qualitative variation was noted in the samples from different origins. The levels of safranal ranged from 22.1% to 62.4%. This study represents the first report on the headspace volatiles of saffron using GC×GC-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry and clearly demonstrates the superior chromatographic potential of 2-dimensional GC compared with conventional 1-dimensional GC.
Always available via WhatsApp: Mapping everyday boundary work practices and privacy negotiations
Authors: Mols Anouk , Pridmore Jason
Published: November 2020

Messaging apps such as WhatsApp collapse temporal and spatial distances and enable continuous interactions. At the same time, messaging apps blur boundaries by default and contribute to the blending of different relational contexts as well as the collapsing of absence and presence. Whereas existing studies have mainly focused on the blurring of boundaries between work and private life, this study expands beyond the personal/professional binary and considers boundary work in more nuanced relational contexts. In order to provide a better understanding of boundary work within messaging practices, we conducted interviews and focus groups with employees from a variety of Dutch workplaces, and with participants of WhatsApp neighborhood crime prevention groups. Our findings highlight two forms of boundary work strategies. First, respondents purposefully tinker with WhatsApp features to manage the boundaries between absence and presence. Second, they use smartphone and WhatsApp functionalities to carefully construct segmentations between different contexts. The meaning of particular contexts, the materiality of messaging apps, and technical know-how play a crucial role in these boundary-sculpting practices. The importance of our study is in noting how the ongoing contradictions of messaging practices—being always available but always negotiating that availability—affect everyday experiences of freedom, privacy, and autonomy in significant ways.
Prevalence, Length of Stay, and Hospitalization of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With and Without Sjogren’s Syndrome
Authors: Ghandour Mohamedanwar , Shereef Hammam , Khalid Mowyad , Adam Omeralfaroug , Hashim Ahmed , Yeddi Ahmed , Osman-Malik Yahya
Published: November 2020

Background:

Literature on the outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI) in Sjogren’s syndrome (SJS) is quite scanty. Acute kidney injury has emerged as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective:

To examine the outcome of AKI with and without SJS. To achieve this, we examined the prevalence, mortality, outcomes, length of stay (LOS), and hospital charges in patients with AKI with SJS compared with patients without SJS from a National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database in the period 2010 to 2013.

Design:

A retrospective cohort study using NIS.

Setting:

United States.

Sample:

Cohort of 977 055 weighted patient discharges with AKI from the NIS.

Measurements:

Not applicable.

Methods:

Data were retrieved from the NIS for adult patients admitted with a principal diagnosis of AKI between 2010 and 2013, using the respective International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision ( ICD-9) codes. The study population divided into 2 groups, with and without Sjogren’s disease. Multivariate and linear regression analysis conducted to adjust for covariates. We omitted patients with systemic sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis from the analysis to avoid any discrepancy as they were not meant to be a primary outcome in our study.

Results:

The study population represented 977 055 weighted patient discharges with AKI. Analysis revealed AKI patients with Sjogren’s compared with patients without Sjogren’s had statistically significant lower hyperkalemia rates (adjusted odds ratio: 0.65, confidence interval: 0.46-0.92; P = .017. There was no statistically significant difference in mortality, LOS, hospital charges, and other outcomes.

Limitations:

Study is not up to date as data are from ICD-9 which are testing data from 2010 to 2013, and data were obtained through SJS codes, which have their limitations. Also, limitations included lack of data on metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, and not including all causes of AKI.

Conclusions:

At present, our study is unique as it has examined prevalence, mortality, and outcomes of Sjogren’s in patients with AKI. Patients with Sjogren’s had significantly lower hyperkalemia during the hospitalization. Further research is needed to identify the underlying protective mechanisms associated with Sjogren’s that resulted in lower hyperkalemia.

Trial registration:

Not applicable.
Composite sural neurocutaneous flap with gastrocnemius tendon for repairing defects of Achilles tendon and overlying soft tissue
Authors: Zhou Lingli , Wei Jianwei , Liu Lihong , Tao Shibin , Dong Zhonggen
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

Defect of Achilles tendon and overlying soft tissue remains a surgical challenge due to its insufficient blood supply and high requirement of function. This study aims to report the clinical efficacy of the composite sural neurocutaneous composite flap with gastrocnemius tendon on the complicated defect of Achilles region.

Methods:

Seven cases of defects of Achilles tendon and overlying soft tissue were reconstructed by the composite sural neurocutaneous composite flaps with gastrocnemius tendons. It is important to keep the connection between gastrocnemius tendon and deep fascia of the composite flap during operation. The smallest and the largest areas of transferred skin flaps were 7.5 cm × 4.5 cm and 11 cm × 10 cm respectively. The size of gastrocnemius tendon ranged from 5 cm × 3 cm to 9 cm × 4 cm. Patients was evaluated by using the Arner-Lindholm scale at the last follow-up.

Results:

Six flaps survived completely with no complication. One flap developed wound dehiscence and went on to heal by daily dressing. With 12–60 months follow-up, all patients gained satisfactory appearance and function of ankle, without tendon re-rupture or recurrent infection. Based on Arner-Lindholm scale, six cases were noted to be excellent and one was good.

Conclusion:

The composite sural neurocutaneous flap with gastrocnemius tendon is a viable and practical method to salvage Achilles tendon defect and overlying soft tissue coverage, with minimal adhesion and satisfactory function.
Relationship-based Models for Supporting Young People Transitioning from Out-of-home Care: Two Case Studies from Victoria, Australia
Authors: Mendes Philip , Purtell Jade
Published: November 2020

It is evident from the international literature that supportive relationships with professional workers can play a key role in advancing positive transitions from out-of-home care. This article presents findings from the evaluations of two leaving care support programmes in the state of Victoria, Australia, where relationship-based models were introduced to support care leavers during preparation, transition and post transition from care phases. While the programme models varied according to the eligibility criteria, caseload numbers and programme priorities, they were both effective in facilitating positive outcomes in a range of areas, including housing, family relationships, education, employment and income, physical and mental health, and social and emotional well-being and stability. Relationship-based models based on trust and continuity that protect care leavers from social isolation are likely to be even more crucial in the context of COVID-19
Primary central nervous system lymphoma in scleroderma: A case series
Authors: Robinett Danielle M , Hummers Laura K , Morris Meaghan , Duffield Amy S , Shah Ami A
Published: November 2020

Many studies have demonstrated an increased risk of cancer in patients with rheumatologic diseases, including systemic sclerosis. Less explored is the role of immunosuppressive therapy as a contributing factor in cancer emergence or detection. This series introduces two cases of patients with systemic sclerosis who demonstrated clinical improvement in their rheumatic disease process with immunosuppression, but both of whom developed neurologic symptoms in the setting of decreasing or discontinuing immunosuppressive therapy, leading to the ultimate diagnosis of Epstein–Barr virus positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system. To our knowledge, primary central nervous system lymphoma has not been previously described in systemic sclerosis patients. Immunosuppressive therapies could promote the development of virus-associated malignancies due to decreased viral clearance. We hypothesize that removing immunosuppression could allow the immune system to generate an inflammatory response to an underlying tumor or viral antigen, contributing to development of neurologic symptoms and detection of underlying disease.
Enhanced IL-9 secretion by p66Shc-deficient CLL cells modulates the chemokine landscape of the stromal microenvironment
Authors: Patrussi Laura , Manganaro Noemi , Capitani Nagaja , Ulivieri Cristina , Tatangelo Vanessa , Libonati Francesca , Finetti Francesca , Frezzato Federica , Visentin Andrea , D’Elios Mario Milco , Trentin Livio , Semenzato Gianpietro , Baldari Cosima T.
Published: November 2020

The stromal microenvironment is central to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) pathogenesis. How leukemic cells condition the stroma to enhance its chemoattractant properties remains elusive. Here, we show that mouse and human CLL cells promote the contact-independent stromal expression of homing chemokines. This function was strongly enhanced in leukemic cells from Eμ-TCL1 mice lacking the pro-oxidant p66Shc adaptor, which develop an aggressive disease with organ infiltration. We identified interleukin-9 (IL-9) as the soluble factor, negatively modulated by p66Shc, that is responsible for the chemokine-elevating activity of leukemic cells on stromal cells. IL-9 blockade in Eμ-TCL1/p66Shc−/− mice resulted in a decrease in the nodal expression of homing chemokines, which correlated with decreased leukemic cell invasiveness. IL-9 levels were found to correlate inversely with residual p66Shc in p66Shc-deficient human CLL cells (n = 52 patients). p66Shc reconstitution in CLL cells normalized IL-9 expression and neutralized their chemokine-elevating activity. Notably, high IL-9 expression in CLL cells directly correlates with lymphadenopathy, liver infiltration, disease severity, and overall survival, emerging as an independent predictor of disease outcome. Our results demonstrate that IL-9 modulates the chemokine landscape in the stroma and that p66Shc, by regulating IL-9 expression, fine tunes the ability of leukemic cells to shape the microenvironment, thereby contributing to CLL pathogenesis.
Low-dose chest computed tomographic screening and invasive diagnosis of pulmonary nodules for lung cancer in never-smokers
Authors: Kim Yeon Wook , Kang Hye-Rin , Kwon Byoung Soo , Lim Sung Yoon , Lee Yeon Joo , Park Jong Sun , Cho Young-Jae , Yoon Ho Il , Lee Kyung Won , Lee Jae Ho , Lee Choon-Taek
Published: November 2020

Background

Although lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is now widely used in clinical practice, the characteristics and outcomes of diagnostic procedures related to screen-detected nodules in never-smokers remain unclear. We aimed to determine the incidence of nodules considered for invasive biopsy and evaluate the final diagnoses and procedure-related complications in never-smokers in comparison to ever-smokers who underwent LDCT screening.

Methods

We evaluated 37 436 asymptomatic adults (17 968 never-smokers and 19 468 ever-smokers) who underwent LDCT screening for lung cancer between January 2009 and December 2018 at a tertiary centre in South Korea. The rates of invasive diagnostic procedures for detected nodules and related complications, and the diagnostic outcomes were determined in the never-smoker and ever-smoker groups.

Results

Among the never-smokers, 2908 (16.2%) out of 17 968 had positive nodules. Overall, 139 (0.77%) out of 17 968 never-smokers and 194 (1.00%) out of 19 468 ever-smokers underwent invasive biopsy (p=0.022). Lung cancer was diagnosed in 84 (0.47%) out of 17 968 never-smokers and 123 (0.63%) out of 19 468 ever-smokers (p=0.032). The proportions of participants diagnosed with benign disease after invasive biopsy (false-positive) were 50 (0.28%) out of 17 968 and 69 (0.35%) out of 19 468 in the never-smoker and ever-smoker groups, respectively (p=0.191). Multivariate analyses revealed no significant associations of smoking with the risk of a false-positive diagnosis (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.62–1.57) and complications (OR 1.33, 95% CI 0.65–3.73) after biopsy. Of the 84 never-smokers with lung cancer, 82 (97.6%) had adenocarcinoma, and 75 (89.3%) were in stage I with a favourable prognosis.

Conclusions

LDCT screening in never-smokers resulted in a notable detection rate of lung nodules, which warranted invasive biopsy. The lung cancer detection rate was lower in never-smokers than in ever-smokers. However, no significant differences in the false-positive and complication rates were observed between the two groups. Accordingly, a more specifically tailored management strategy is needed for screen-detected nodules in Asian never-smokers.
Transcriptomic analysis of CFTR-impaired endothelial cells reveals a pro-inflammatory phenotype
Authors: Declercq Mathias , de Zeeuw Pauline , Conchinha Nadine V. , Geldhof Vincent , Ramalho Anabela S. , García-Caballero Melissa , Brepoels Katleen , Ensinck Marjolein , Carlon Marianne S. , Bird Matthew J. , Vinckier Stefan , Proesmans Marijke , Vermeulen François , Dupont Lieven , Ghesquière Bart , Dewerchin Mieke , Carmeliet Peter , Cassiman David , Treps Lucas , Eelen Guy , Witters Peter
Published: November 2020

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening disorder characterised by decreased pulmonary mucociliary and pathogen clearance, and an exaggerated inflammatory response leading to progressive lung damage. CF is caused by bi-allelic pathogenic variants of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which encodes a chloride channel. CFTR is expressed in endothelial cells (ECs) and EC dysfunction has been reported in CF patients, but a role for this ion channel in ECs regarding CF disease progression is poorly described.

We used an unbiased RNA sequencing approach in complementary models of CFTR silencing and blockade (by the CFTR inhibitor CFTRinh-172) in human ECs to characterise the changes upon CFTR impairment. Key findings were further validatedin vitroandin vivoin CFTR-knockout mice andex vivoin CF patient-derived ECs.

Both models of CFTR impairment revealed that EC proliferation, migration and autophagy were downregulated. Remarkably though, defective CFTR function led to EC activation and a persisting pro-inflammatory state of the endothelium with increased leukocyte adhesion. Further validation in CFTR-knockout mice revealed enhanced leukocyte extravasation in lung and liver parenchyma associated with increased levels of EC activation markers. In addition, CF patient-derived ECs displayed increased EC activation markers and leukocyte adhesion, which was partially rescued by the CFTR modulators VX-770 and VX-809.

Our integrated analysis thus suggests that ECs are no innocent bystanders in CF pathology, but rather may contribute to the exaggerated inflammatory phenotype, raising the question of whether normalisation of vascular inflammation might be a novel therapeutic strategy to ameliorate the disease severity of CF.
Asthma in South African adolescents: a time trend and risk factor analysis over two decades
Authors: Baard Cynthia B. , Franckling-Smith Zoe , Munro Jacinta , Workman Lesley , Zar Heather J.
Published: November 2020

Background

South Africa has undergone major economic and health system changes, impacting the epidemiology of childhood asthma. This study aimed to investigate prevalence time trends of asthma in South African adolescents over two decades and to identify associated risk factors.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2017, in a randomised sample of 13–14-year-old Cape Town adolescents, using the standardised Global Asthma Network written, video and environmental questionnaires. Using time-trend analysis, the prevalence and severity of asthma were compared with data from the 2002 ISAAC phase III study. Environmental and social risk factors were analysed.

Results

A total of 3979 adolescents were included. The prevalence of lifetime and current asthma were 34.5% and 21.3%, respectively, on the self-report written questionnaire, similar to 2002 results. The prevalence of severe asthma in the previous 12 months increased, measured by wheeze limiting speech (7.8% to 11.8%), four or more attacks of wheezing (5.0% to 5.8%) or woken by wheeze on one or more nights per week (5.0% to 6.9%). The video questionnaire revealed increases in lifetime (16.9% to 22.5%), current (11.2% to 18.7%) and severe asthma (12.1% to 14.8%). Multivariate analysis showed associations between current asthma and smoking, female sex, pet exposure and higher socioeconomic status. Severe asthma was associated with smoking, pet exposure, outdoor pollution exposure and informal housing; 33% of those with severe or current asthma had been diagnosed.

Conclusion

The prevalence of asthma is high, with increasing rates of severe asthma in adolescents. Underdiagnosis is a major concern and reduction in exposure to environmental factors, particularly smoking, and improved socioeconomic development are needed.
Home purchase restriction, real estate investment, and corporate innovation
Authors: Kuang Weida , Chen Changyu , Wang Qilin
Published: November 2020

It is ubiquitous for non-real estate firms to conduct real estate business in China. Home purchase restriction (HPR) affects corporate innovation by dampening the real estate investment of non-real estate firms. The extant literature has examined the impact of HPR on corporate innovation, but it has not focused on the expectation of HPR and the endogeneity problem. Employing a dataset of 1830 listed non-real estate firms over the period 2009–2016, this research explores the expectation of HPR on corporate innovation based on the motivations for real estate investment in non-real estate firms. We demonstrate that HPR facilitates the enhancement of research and development (R&D) investment in non-real estate listed firms by hindering real estate investment, particularly for non-high-tech firms. The effects of HPR arrive at the crest in the third implementation year and remain steady thereafter. The real estate investment of non-real estate firms rebounds and the R&D investment declines along with the cancellation of HPR. Tackling the selection bias and endogeneity problems, the baseline results are also robust. Hence, HPR should serve as a long-term vehicle to improving corporate innovation, in addition to preventing housing speculation.
Degradation and sorption of the herbicides 2,4-D and quizalofop-P-ethyl and their metabolites in soils from railway tracks
Authors: Buerge Ignaz J. , Pavlova Pavlina , Hanke Irene , Bächli Astrid , Poiger Thomas
Published: November 2020

Background

Broad spectrum of activity and low potential for leaching to groundwater are important arguments for the application of the herbicide glyphosate on railway tracks. Nevertheless, certain weeds are insufficiently controlled or develop resistance, and there is also an ongoing controversial discussion about possible carcinogenicity of glyphosate. Alternatives are thus strongly desired. 2,4-D and quizalofop-P-ethyl (QE) are two selective herbicides with a complementary spectrum of activity. When used in agriculture, the compounds and their metabolites exhibit low groundwater contamination potential. Uses on railway tracks may, however, be more critical, since degradation likely is slower and mobility higher than in agricultural soils. In this study, we investigated degradation and sorption of the two active substances as well as five metabolites in three soils collected from railway tracks and in a crushed sand, used for construction works.

Results

In these railway materials, the compounds were indeed degraded slower than in agricultural soils (mean half-lives differed by a factor of 1.4–26, depending on the substance) and mobility was higher (mean sorption coefficients differed by a factor of 3–19). Half-lives and sorption coefficients were also estimated by extrapolation of data from agricultural soils, considering the organic carbon content of railway soils and agricultural soils. Estimated values were more conservative than measured values.

Conclusions

Based on our experimental data, possible leaching to groundwater is predicted to be highest for 2,4-D and quizalofop-acid, the primary metabolite of QE, moderate for 2,4-dichlorophenol, the primary metabolite of 2,4-D, but low for QE. Secondary and tertiary metabolites were formed in only low quantities. For herbicides, for which no measured parameters are available for railway soils, estimated values may also be a viable alternative for a first tier groundwater assessment.
Deep learning based DNA:RNA triplex forming potential prediction
Authors: Zhang Yu , Long Yahui , Kwoh Chee Keong
Published: November 2020

Background

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can exert functions via forming triplex with DNA. The current methods in predicting the triplex formation mainly rely on mathematic statistic according to the base paring rules. However, these methods have two main limitations: (1) they identify a large number of triplex-forming lncRNAs, but the limited number of experimentally verified triplex-forming lncRNA indicates that maybe not all of them can form triplex in practice, and (2) their predictions only consider the theoretical relationship while lacking the features from the experimentally verified data.

Results

In this work, we develop an integrated program named TriplexFPP (Triplex Forming Potential Prediction), which is the first machine learning model in DNA:RNA triplex prediction. TriplexFPP predicts the most likely triplex-forming lncRNAs and DNA sites based on the experimentally verified data, where the high-level features are learned by the convolutional neural networks. In the fivefold cross validation, the average values of Area Under the ROC curves and PRC curves for removed redundancy triplex-forming lncRNA dataset with threshold 0.8 are 0.9649 and 0.9996, and these two values for triplex DNA sites prediction are 0.8705 and 0.9671, respectively. Besides, we also briefly summarize thecisandtranstargeting of triplexes lncRNAs.

Conclusions

The TriplexFPP is able to predict the most likely triplex-forming lncRNAs from all the lncRNAs with computationally defined triplex forming capacities and the potential of a DNA site to become a triplex. It may provide insights to the exploration of lncRNA functions.
Genome-wide survey of soybean papain-like cysteine proteases and their expression analysis in root nodule symbiosis
Authors: Yuan Songli , Ke Danxia , Li Rong , Li Xiangyong , Wang Lei , Chen Haifeng , Zhang Chanjuan , Huang Yi , Chen Limiao , Hao Qingnan , Yang Hongli , Cao Dong , Chen Shuilian , Guo Wei , Shan Zhihui , Yang Zhonglu , Zhang Xiaojuan , Qiu Dezhen , Guan Yuefeng , Zhou Xinan
Published: November 2020

Background

Plant papain-like cysteine proteases (PLCPs) are a large class of proteolytic enzymes and play important roles in root nodule symbiosis (RNS), while the whole-genome studies ofPLCPfamily genes in legume are quite limited, and the roles ofGlycine max PLCPs(GmPLCPs) in nodulation, nodule development and senescence are not fully understood.

Results

In the present study, we identified 97GmPLCPsand performed a genome-wide survey to explore the expansion of soybeanPLCPfamily genes and their relationships to RNS. Nineteen paralogous pairs of genomic segments, consisting of 77GmPLCPs, formed by whole-genome duplication (WGD) events were identified, showing a high degree of complexity in duplication. Phylogenetic analysis among different species showed that the lineage differentiation ofGmPLCPsoccurred after family expansion, and large tandem repeat segment were specifically in soybean. The expression patterns ofGmPLCPsin symbiosis-related tissues and nodules identified RNS-relatedGmPLCPsand provided insights into their putative symbiotic functions in soybean. The symbiotic function analyses showed that a RNS-relatedGmPLCPgene (Glyma.04G190700) really participate in nodulation and nodule development.

Conclusions

Our findings improved our understanding of the functional diversity of legumePLCPfamily genes, and provided insights into the putative roles of the legumePLCPsin nodulation, nodule development and senescence.
Mortality and return to work in patients transported by emergency ambulance after involvement in a traffic accident
Authors: Ringgren Kristian Bundgaard , Mills Elisabeth Helen Anna , Christensen Erika Frischknecht , Mortensen Rikke Nørmark , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Kragholm Kristian Hay
Published: November 2020

Introduction/background

Traffic accidents constitute a common reason for injury. Little is known about long-term outcomes for patients following a traffic accident. Therefore, in this present paper, we examine 1-day, 30-day and 1-year mortality, and return to work (RTW) during a 1-year period.

Methods

Patients (between 18 and 65 years of age) who had an ambulance dispatched to them following a traffic accident and who were employed prior to the accident were identified from the Electronic Prehospital Emergency Patient (amPHI™) database in the North Denmark Region (catchment population ≈600,000) during 2006–2014. Outcomes of 1- and 30- and 365-day mortality and 1-year return to work (RTW), with mortality as competing risk. We stratified by intensive care unit (ICU) admission; and the anatomical region of injury (head/neck, thorax, abdomen, extremities and multiple injuries) is reported.

Results

Of 6072 patients in our study population, 59 (1%) died within 1 day and 76 (1.3%) within 30 days; 88 (1.5%) were dead within a year.

Thirty-day mortality was 1.7% for the 290 patients admitted to the ICU, and 1.2% for the remaining 5782 patients.

Within the study population, RTW rate was 92.7% (N = 5984). RTW was 84.8% among 290 ICU-admitted patients versus 93.1% for the remaining 5782 patients.

RTW rate was 94.6% for the 1793 patients discharged with a diagnosis of head/neck injury. Of 671 patients with a discharge diagnosis for the thoracic region, 92.6% returned to work. Of 402 patients with abdominal injury diagnoses, 90.8% returned to work. Of 1603 patients discharged with a diagnosis of extremity injury, the RTW rate was 93.6%. Of 192 patients with a discharge diagnosis of injury in multiple regions, 91.7% returned to work.

Conclusion

Overall, mortality rates were low and RTW rates high in patients who had an ambulance dispatched due to a traffic accident. Those admitted to the ICU had the lowest RTW rate, yet still around 80% returned to work.
Comparing multiple statistical software for multiple-indicator, multiple-cause modeling: an application of gender disparity in adult cognitive functioning using MIDUS II dataset
Authors: Chang Chi , Gardiner Joseph , Houang Richard , Yu Yan-Liang
Published: November 2020

Background

The multiple-indicator, multiple-cause model (MIMIC) incorporates covariates of interest in the factor analysis. It is a special case of structural equation modeling (SEM), which is modeled under latent variable framework. The MIMIC model provides rigorous results and becomes broadly available in multiple statistical software. The current study introduces the MIMIC model and how it can be implemented using statistical software packages SAS CALIS procedure, R lavaan package, and Mplus version 8.0.

Methods

In this paper, we first discussed the formulation of the MIMIC model with regard to model specification and identification. We then demonstrated the empirical application of the MIMIC model with the Midlife in the United States II (MIDUS II) Study (N = 4109) using SAS CALIS procedure, R lavaan package and Mplus version 8.0 to examine gender disparities in cognitive functioning. The input, output, and diagram syntaxes of the three statistical software packages were also presented.

Results

In terms of data structure, all three statistical programs can be conducted using both raw data and empirical covariance matrix. SAS and R are comprehensive statistical analytic packages and encompass numerous data manipulation capacities. Mplus is designed primarily for latent variable modeling and has far more modeling flexibility compared to SAS and R, but limited in data manipulation. Differences in model results from the three statistical programs are trivial. Overall, the results show that while men show better performance in executive function than women, women demonstrate better episodic memory than men.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates the utility of the MIMIC model in its empirical application, fitted with three popular statistical software packages. Results from our models align with empirical findings from previous research. We provide coding procedures and examples with detailed explanations in the hopes of providing a concise tutorial for researchers and methodologists interested in incorporating latent constructs with multiple indicators and multiple covariates in their research projects. Future researchers are encouraged to adopt this flexible and rigorous modeling approach.
Management of syphilitic hepatitis
Authors: Kaya Abdurrahman , Kaya Sibel Yıldız
Published: November 2020

Syphilis is a sexuality transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum. Liver involvement is very rarely seen and occurs in the second phase of the disease. Syphilitic hepatitis generally is mild clinical condition and is characterized by high serum alkaline phosphatase level, often with normal or only slightly abnormal transaminases. The skin eruptions are classically diffuse, symmetric maculopapular rashes involving trunk and extremities. Involvement of palms and soles is a strong clue to the diagnosis of secondary syphilis. Therefore, syphilitic hepatitis should be included in the early differential diagnosis in patient with abnormal liver enzyme, especially increased alkaline phosphatase, and rashes involving palms and soles.
Association among pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain and neonatal birth weight: a prospective cohort study in China
Authors: Wang Yawen , Ma Haihui , Feng Yahui , Zhan Yongle , Wu Sansan , Cai Shuya , Shi Yingjie , Chen Yunli , Ma Liangkun , Jiang Yu
Published: November 2020

Background

This study aims to explore the relationships between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG), rate of GWG during the second and third trimesters (GWGrate) and birth weight among Chinese women.

Methods

Women were enrolled by 24 hospitals in 15 different provinces in mainland China from July 25th, 2017 to 26 November 2018. Pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG and GWGrate were calculated and divided in to different groups. The multinomial logistic regression model and restrictive cubic spline model were used to explore the relationships.

Results

Of the 3585 participants, women who were underweight, had insufficient GWG or GWGrate had 1.853-, 1850- or 1.524-fold higher risks for delivering small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infant compared with women who had normal BMI, sufficient GWG or GWGrate. Women who were overweight/obese, had excessive GWG or GWGrate had 1.996-, 1676- or 1.673-fold higher risks for delivering large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infant. The effects of GWG and GWGrate on birth weight varied by pre-pregnancy BMI statuses. Dose-response analysis demonstrated L-shaped and S-shaped relationships between pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG, GWGrate and neonatal birth weight.

Conclusions

Pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG or GWGrate were associated with neonatal birth weight among Chinese women. Both body weight before and during pregnancy should be maintained within the recommendations to prevent abnormal birth weight.
Successful emergency endovascular aortic repair for intratumoral hemorrhage in extensive retroperitoneal mass of testicular origin
Authors: Hulova S. , Aziri R. , Vulev I. , Palacka P. , Kolnikova G. , Rejlekova K. , Chovanec M. , Mardiak J. , Pindak D. , Mego M.
Published: November 2020

Background

Metastatic germ cell cancer of the testis is characterized by favorable prognosis since effective treatment methods are available even in cases of extensive disease. Retroperitoneal masses frequently encroach major blood vessels requiring a vascular intervention usually performed in association with the post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND). Reported clinical case describes a successful pre-treatment endovascular surgery for abdominal aortic rupture allowing for full-dose systemic chemotherapy administration, and subsequent radical surgical intervention at primary tumor site as well as metastatic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection including the reconstruction of inferior caval vein.

Case presentation

Patient presented with left-sided testicular tumor and voluminous retroperitoneal mass with vascular involvement. Soon after the patient had been admitted for the first cycle of cisplatin-based chemotherapy, computed tomographic angiography (CTA) revealed a dorsal aortic wall rupture with active extravasation and irregular pseudoaneurysmatic dilatation of the aorta below the leak area. Retroperitoneal intratumoral hemorrhage associated with the bilateral iliac venous thrombosis required an endovascular repair procedure of infrarenal abdominal aorta.

Conclusions

Following the successful endovascular aortic repair 3 cycles of BEP (bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin) regimen were administered with subsequent delayed left radical orchiectomy and RPLND associated with vena cava inferior (VCI) resection. Reconstruction of VCI was originally not deemed necessary as collateral blood flow appeared sufficient, however, intraoperative complications resulted in the need for unilateral VCI reconstruction, using the interposed bypass between right common iliac vein and infrarenal segment of VCI. Histopathologic examination of the attained specimen detected no vital cancer structures. The patient remains disease-free 18 months after the RPLND.
Expression of early angiogenesis indicators in mature versus immature teeth
Authors: Caviedes-Bucheli Javier , Lopez-Moncayo Luis F. , Muñoz-Alvear Hernan Dario , Hernandez-Acosta Francisco , Pantoja-Mora Melissa , Rodriguez–Guerrero Angie S. , López–Ordoñez Alexander , Díaz Luis E. , Gomez-Sosa Jose Francisco , Munoz Hugo R.
Published: November 2020

Background

Proper oxygen balance in the dental pulp is essential for cell metabolism. Angiogenesis in the pulp is a constant process during the life of the tooth. Hypoxia indicators in a tissue, such as HIF-1α, as well as vascular destabilization markers, such as ANG2 and its receptor TIE2, are necessary for angiogenesis. Therefore the purpose of this study is to evaluate the expression of HIF-1α, ANG1, ANG2 and TIE2 in dental pulp as early angiogenesis indicators in teeth with complete and incomplete root development.

Methods

Forty human dental pulps were obtained from freshly extracted third molars divided into two groups: incomplete (n = 20) and complete (n = 20) root development. Dental pulps were stored at − 80 °C, defrosted in an ice bath and re-frozen with their respective thaws to disintegrate the tissue. Three sonication cycles were performed until the tissues were homogenized, then thaw were centrifuged and the supernatant was collected for the detection of the markers to be studied. The samples were processed for the ELISA test using the ELISA-sandwich principle. Student t and Mann–Whitney U tests were performed to determine statistically significant differences between groups.

Results

In the complete root development, HIF-1α, ANG1, ANG2 and TIE2 expressions were significantly higher than their expression in the incomplete root development group.

Conclusions

The angiogenic process seems to be a physiological process in the dental pulp. Angiogenic activity is higher in teeth with mature than immature apex teeth.