bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Not Playing With a Full Deck?
Authors: Anderson D. M. , Schulze T. P. , Wahl B. N.
Published: March 2024

A standard deck of 52 playing cards has 4 suits: clubs (♣), spades (♠), hearts (♥) and diamonds (♦). Each suit has 13 denominations, or ranks, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, J (Jack), Q (Queen), K (King) and A (Ace). But sometimes, a card goes missing – lost between the couch cushions, clothes-pinned in the bike spokes, filched by the cat, eaten by the dog (see Figure 1), or maybe misplaced in a matching deck. You may find yourself not playing with a full deck. Building a house of cards? No problem. Playing poker? Problem. Or is it? Ask yourself the following question:

What is the probability of being dealt a Two-Pair hand of five cards from a well-shuffled deck when the Ace of Spades is missing from the deck? Specifically, how does it compare to the probability of being dealt a Two-Pair hand from a standard 52-card deck?

What does your ‘probability intuition’ tell you? On the one hand, with a missing Ace of Spades there are fewer Two-Pair hands. On the other hand, there are also fewer total five-card hands. The ratio of these two numbers defines the probability; which way it goes seems unclear. Let’s do the calculation – first for the standard 52-card deck and then for the 51-card deck missing the Ace of Spades.
Integrated Wastewater Processing using Electrogoagulation Method into Oxyhydrogen (HHO) for Renewable Energy
Authors:   Renewable Energy Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Jalan Srijaya Negara, Bukit Besar, Palembang, Rusdianasari Rusdianasari , Taqwa Ahmad , Syarif Aida , Bow Yohandi
Published: March 2024

Integrated wastewater is one of the contributors to wastewater that can harm the environment, thus fast industrial expansion must be followed with advancements in wastewater processing systems. Because the presence of contaminants in integrated wastewater can cause several issues for persons and the environment, integrated wastewater processing is required. One type of integrated wastewater processing is the production of hydrogen gas as a new and sustainable energy source. The electrocoagulation process may be used to convert integrated wastewater into hydrogen gas. One type of integrated wastewater processing is the production of hydrogen gas as a new and sustainable energy source. The electrocoagulation process may be used to convert integrated wastewater into hydrogen gas. In this study, oxyhydrogen (HHO) was produced from integrated wastewater utilizing two process stages: integrated wastewater processing with an electrocoagulator, followed by the process of getting HHO using an oxyhydrogen reactor. A NaOH catalyst was applied at different concentrations of 0.1 M, 0.2 M, 0.3 M, 0.4 M, and 0.5 M with an electrolysis period of 5 minutes to produce hydrogen gas. The addition of the NaOH catalyst is intended to find the optimal concentration for the production of hydrogen gas. According to the findings of the study and analysis, the optimal NaOH catalyst concentration for producing hydrogen gas is 0.5 M with hydrogen content of 346 mg/m3
Culture, Religion, and Harmony: The Struggle for Roles in Diversity in Indonesia
Authors: Waston  , Ali Mudzakkir , Rizka  , Wiranto Erham Budi , Shobahiya Mahasri , Maksum Muh. Nur Rochim
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the contribution of religious attitudes to harmony, and the contribution of Javanese culture to harmony in the context of a multireligious society in Ngandong, Girikerto. As well as finding the most influential social capital in building harmony for a multireligious community in Ngandong Hamlet, Girikerto.
 
Methods: This research is qualitative, presenting field data descriptively. Data collection was used in this study through in-depth interviews, observations, and literature studies. The data analysis carried out, first carried out at the time of recording field data, and the second was carried out after data collection was completed. Then conclude from the results of the data analysis. The data analysis process used follows the model developed by Creswell. 
 
Results and Conclusion: Based on the results of research conducted in Ngandong Hamlet, Girikerto the Javanese cultural heritage is firmly held by its citizens as the strongest social capital. This is evidenced by the involvement of citizens from various religious backgrounds to succeed in every cultural event in Girikerto. Cultural activities become a unifier of people of different religions. As a result, the Ngandong people can continue to preserve Javanese cultural values that prioritize harmony: harmony, togetherness, and oneness.
 
Research implications: The impact of this research has proven that there is harmony in Ngandong, which can be seen directly in the form of social activities, starting from daily activities. Harmony in Ngandong emerged as a combination of religious expression with cultural expression (Javanese tradition) which has become Javanese cultural heritage and can be firmly held by its citizens as a strong social capital of harmony.
 
Originality/value: The originality of this research lies in the concept of religion, culture, and harmony in Ngandong Girikerto Village, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
ASHOBAH BILGHOIR; PRAKTIK DAN METODE PENYELESAIANNYA BERDASARKAN SYAJARAH AL-MIRATS
Authors: Ritonga Raja
Published: March 2024

Islamic inheritance is synonymous with the comparison of the share between male and female heirs. Furu' and hawasyi heirs often become polemics over the value of the portion received by female heirs in particular. In practice, the share of inheritance for men and women is influenced by the existence of one another. Therefore the value of the part they will receive is determined by the whereabouts of each. This research will describe the practices and methods of solving the inheritance of ashobah bilghoir heirs based on the concept of syajarah al-mirats. The method used is a qualitative form with a type of library research. In this study, researchers collected data by searching some books, books, articles, and other scientific works related to the research theme. Furthermore, the data findings were analyzed descriptively with a conceptual approach. The results of this study explain that the practice of ashobah bilghoir inheritance can occur in the inheritance group of children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, siblings, and half-brothers of the father. Meanwhile, in the settlement method, each male heir is counted as two people and one woman heir is still counted as one person. In addition, great-grandsons can have their ashobah combined with granddaughters.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PUTUSAN PENGADILAN AGAMA MEDAN NO.1353/Pdt.G/2020/PA.Mdn TENTANG PEMBATALAN HIBAH DITINJAU DARI HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Hidayah Harahap Purnama
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilik pertimbangan hakim Pengadilan Agama dalam memeriksa dan memutus sengketa pembatalan hibah. Penelitian ini akan menganalisa putusan Pengadilan Agama tentang pembatalan hibah ditinjau dari maslahah. Kajian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat kualitatif. Sedangkan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan perudang-undangan dan konseptual. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data primer yang terdiri dari putusan Pengadilan Agama, kompilasi hukum Islam, kitab undang-undang hukum perdata, kompilasi hukum ekonomi syariah. Sedangkan sumber hukum sekunder terdiri dari kitab-kitab fikih Islam, buku-buku hukum, dan artikel jurnal ilmiah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa majelis hakim yang memeriksa perkara sengketa pembatalan hibah dominan menerapkan pasal 35 ayat 1, pasal 36 ayat I undang-undang nomor 1 tahun 1974 tentang harta bersama dan pasal 1338 kitab undang-undang hukum perdata mengenai perjanjian/perikatan, sehingga mengabaikan pasal tentang kebolehan menarik objek hibah meskipun hibah tersebut tanpa persetujuan ahli waris lainnya. Sedangkan menurut teori maslahah yang digagas oleh al-Ghazali bahwa putusan Pengadilan Agama yang dibuat oleh majelis hakim idealnya untuk mewujudkan konsep maqasid syariah yakni pemeliharaan terhadap harta dan keturunan. Dengan demikian, dapat menghindari dampak negatif yang bakal terjadi dalam hubungan keluarga, seperti hubungan orang tua dengan ahli  warisnya. Namun menurut teori keadilan Hans Kelsen menyatakan bahwa pertimbangan yang dilakukan oleh hakim dalam memutus perkara pembatalan hibah lebih cendrung tidak konsisten dalam penerapan sistem hukum yang berlaku sehingga menurutnya belum sepenuhnya terpenuhi rasa keadilan yang dimaksud.
Hacia un Marx desconocido
Authors: Dussel Enrique
Published: March 2024

En el siglo XXI Marx sigue siendo un autor desconocido, no solamente por el limitado acceso a su obra —que no ha terminado de publicarse ni siquiera en alemán, lo que está en proceso a través del Proyecto Marx-Engels Gesamtausgabe—, o porque tengamos traducciones problemáticas, sino fundamentalmente porque el marxismo del siglo XX realizó una lectura de Marx con muchos prejuicios y fuertemente influenciada por el velo de marxismo-leninismo estaliniano que impidió descubrir las tesis fundamentales de un pensamiento crítico que tiene vigencia hasta el día de hoy y que nos abre a una crítica no solo económica, sino de la modernidad como proyecto civilizatorio.
El método de Marx y la inversión de la dialéctica
Authors: Colmenares Lizárraga Katya
Published: March 2024

El artículo aborda el significado de la inversión de la dialéctica hegeliana en el método crítico de Marx y expone la complejidad del pensamiento transmoderno de Marx en relación y más allá de los distintos niveles de la dialéctica, hacia una analéctica que transita de la interpretación a la transformación del mundo.
La obra de Marx como fenomenología de la vida real: entrevista a Franz J. Hinkelammert
Authors: Colmenares Lizárraga Katya , Bautista Segales Juan José
Published: March 2024

Franz Josef Hinkelammert (1931-2023) es el más grande pensador crítico latinoamericano contemporáneo, a decir de Enrique Dussel, el más importante filósofo contemporáneo del sur global. Su obra deja al descubierto el fundamento ideológico, fetichista y de dominación del proyecto civilizatorio de la modernidad, así como la irracionalidad de su razón instrumental y científica, principales responsables de la profunda crisis en la que se encuentra la humanidad en el siglo XXI. Su investigación ha pretendido continuar y profundizar el proyecto de Marx, así como actualizar su crítica contra el modelo neoliberal. Es uno de los exponentes más relevantes de la teología de la liberación y de la crítica teológica del capitalismo. Fue uno de los cofundadores del Departamento Ecuménico de Investigaciones en San José, Costa Rica, junto con Hugo Assmann y Pablo Richard.
Hubungan Keparahan Karies dengan Kualitas Hidup Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Lubuk Buaya Kota Padang
Authors: Zulfaneti Lutfia Khairani , Sovira Gita Dwi Jiwanda , Susi Susi
Published: March 2024

Background: Dental caries can cause health problem among pregnant women including pain, eating and sleeping disturbances. It’s impact to the physical, social and mental health and also affected their disruption of the quality of life. Objectives: This study aims to determine the relationship between the severity of dental caries and the quality of life among pregnant women at the Lubuk Buaya Public Health Center. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that involving 74 pregnant women. The quality of life was measured by the OHIP-14 questionnaire with seven assessment aspects. Quality of life categories is good (score ≤ 27) and poor (score >27). PUFA index was used to assess caries severity. PUFA categories is negative (PUFA = 0) and positive (PUFA ≥1). Data were analyzed by chi-square test. Results: This study show that almost respondents (55.4% of pregnant women) have PUFA (+), with mean 0.82 ± 0.86 SD. Most pregnant women have poor quality of life (51.4%). Some chief complaints discovered due to the severity of caries like disruption of tasting food 10.8%, discomfort during chewing the food 48.7%, feeling tension 10.5%, stopping while eating 56.8%, feeling not relaxed 17.6%, daily activities disturbance 8.1% and less happy 9.5%. Pregnant women with PUFA (-) had more good quality of life, while pregnant women with PUFA (+) had more poor quality of life (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Caries severity influence quality of life. This suggests the need for strategies to prevent and manage caries in pregnant woman.
Analisis Determinan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut di Kota Depok pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Permitasari Kurnia , Novrinda Herry , Darwita Risqa Rina , Bahar Armasastra
Published: March 2024

During the Covid-19 pandemic, starting from 2019, there was a 62.78% gap in dental and oral care patient visits at the Depok City Health Center. Data from the Depok City Health Department indicates a decrease in patient visits at the Depok City Health Center in 2018 by 90,366, in 2019 by 90,979, in 2020 by 33,861, and in 2021 by 29,455. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors associated with the utilization and selection of dental and oral healthcare providers in Depok City during the Covid-19 pandemic. It is a cross-sectional study conducted on the population of Depok City in 2021, with respondents who are willing to fill out online questionnaires, understand the Indonesian language, are able to read, write, communicate, and have a smartphone. The sample size is 580 people, and multivariate analysis with multinomial regression is used. The research results show that during the Covid-19 pandemic, 26.7% of the population utilized government services, 11.6% utilized private services, and 61.7% did not utilize any services. The multivariate analysis results indicate that age, marital status, medical history, insurance, and perception of needs have a significant relationship with the prediction of choosing to utilize dental and oral health examinations provided by the government and private sectors. The determinant factors associated with the utilization of dental and oral health services during the Covid-19 pandemic are age, having a medical history, having insurance, and having a perception of needs.
Eros, Thanatos, and Decisive Moments in Virginia Woolf's Mrs Dalloway
Authors:   Institute of British & American Studies Center for International Area Studies Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Kang Seojung
Published: March 2024

Mrs. Dalloway is a modernist masterpiece that was written by Virginia Woolf in her prime years. Woolf’s artistic excellence in constantly exploring the meaning of life and the functions of art and her incorporation of these themes into her unique narrative style make this book outstanding. Bresson's concept of a “decisive moment” enables a unique reading of Mrs. Dalloway because Woolf’s narrative reveals the flows of the intersubjective consciousnesses of various individuals in a single moment. All humans encounter Eros and Thanatos simultaneously. However, Thanatos heightens Eros among artists, engaged in creative activities and acts as a driving force that triggers certain epiphanies. Eros is the will of art, but it is accompanied by constant skepticism and doubt, a form of Thanatos. Artists must crucially and completely embrace Eros and Thanatos with maturity in their literary works. Like Picasso, Woolf interweaves impressions of objects from diverse perspectives. The decisive moment captures the consciousnesses evoked in multiple agents in a fleeting moment and represents the world by connecting these discrete perceptions. Woolf’s work shows that the contents of novels are inseparable from their narrative styles or forms.
Satellite Attitude Control Using Faulty Double Gimbal Variable Speed Control Moment Gyroscope
Authors: Das Gargi , Sinha Manoranjan
Published: March 2024

A rigid satellite attitude control requires stable finite-time attitude convergence in the presence of rotation unwinding, external disturbances, and actuator faults. To achieve this, a new nonsingular fast fixed-time sliding mode controller is proposed to ensure finite-time convergence independent of the initial conditions of the system. Rotation unwinding is addressed using the body and shadow pair of the Modified Rodrigues Parameters (MRPs). Convergence behavior of the states errors in the neighborhood of the MRPs switching surface is also addressed. Attitude control is achieved using a double-gimbal variable-speed control moment gyro (DGVSCMG). For the first time, a DGVSCMG having all possible electrical and mechanical faults is considered for control design. A novel nonsingular fast fixed-time anti-unwinding fault-tolerant sliding control using a new sliding surface is proposed. This eliminates switching of the sliding surfaces and minimizes control chattering. Four new propositions are proposed and proved to establish fast fixed-time global stability of the system for tracking maneuver in fault and fault-free conditions with anti-unwinding. Simulation results are presented and compared with existing fixed-time sliding control approaches. The results show superiority of the proposed anti-unwinding fault-tolerant fast fixed-time control for the tracking maneuver in terms of convergence time, energy efficiency, and fault tolerance.
Método START em incidentes com múltiplas vítimas: a percepção de acadêmicos de enfermagem
Authors: Kasimoff Ana Carolina da Silva , Gomes Morgani Neckel , Maia Millena , Moreira Andressa das Graças Godinho , Bucco Márcia
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento dos estudantes de enfermagem em relação à aplicação do método Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START). Métodos: A pesquisa foi conduzida utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa, envolvendo a participação de 32 estudantes de enfermagem. O estudo incluiu a aplicação de um caso de incidentes com múltiplas vítimas com perguntas de múltipla escolha e um vocabulário com questões abertas. A análise dos dados ocorreu através do software “IRAMUTEQ” que fornece diferentes tipos de análises textuais. Resultados: A partir da análise pode se observar que grande parte dos acadêmicos demonstrou dificuldade em reconhecer o método e seus parâmetros descrevendo o despreparo em realizar a triagem de múltiplas vítimas em um cenário de feridos em massa, enfatizando a falta de conhecimento oferecida sobre o assunto no período de graduação e a necessidade de abranger novas formas de ensino, elaborando aulas dinâmicas focadas em urgência e emergência. Conclusão: Diante da importância de realizar uma classificação correta e rápida destaca-se a necessidade de ampliar o conhecimento ofertado dispondo de aulas práticas e dinâmicas de forma com que se intensifique o aprendizado sobre o tema apresentado.
Conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem acerca das medidas de prevenção da pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica em um hospital escola de referência do nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Silva Wellington Manoel da , Duarte Maria do Carmo Menezes Bezerra
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento o conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem acerca das medidas de cuidados para Pneumonia Associada a Ventilação Mecânica (PAVM) na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI). Métodos: Estudo descritivo, do tipo corte transversal. A amostra foi composta por 318 participantes (95 enfermeiros e 225 técnicos de enfermagem). Resultados: A frequência de enfermeiros com desempenho adequado no questionário foi de 87% e de técnicos de enfermagem de 51,5%. A frequência dos enfermeiros e de técnicos de enfermagem que responderam à questão “você sente que possui conhecimento suficiente acerca das medidas de prevenção da PAVM?” foi de 52,6% e 24% respectivamente. Na análise bivariada, gênero masculino, ter mestrado, trabalhar pela manhã, participar de eventos científicos, menor tempo de serviço estiveram associados a um melhor conhecimento. Observou-se conhecimento inadequado sobre componentes dos cuidados na assistência ventilatória. Os técnicos de enfermagem tiveram um conhecimento médio ± DP de 8,95 ± 2,72 acertos (Conhecimento moderado), enquanto os enfermeiros, 10,45 ± 1,38 acertos (Conhecimento adequado). Conclusão: Conclui-se que os profissionais possuem conhecimento dentro do esperado, para cada categoria profissional. Destaca-se a relevância da avaliação periódica do conhecimento e do treinamento da equipe de saúde, através de programas de educação continuada.
A bibliometric analysis of the 100 most-cited clinical articles in the research of intracranial artery stenosis and intracranial atherosclerosis
Authors: Hirano Yudai , Miyawaki Satoru , Sakaguchi Yusuke , Koizumi Satoshi , Hongo Hiroki , Saito Nobuhito
Published: March 2024

Background:

Intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS), caused by intracranial atherosclerosis, is one of the major causes of ischemic stroke. This study identified the top 100 most-cited publications on ICAS through a bibliometric analysis.

Methods:

Two independent authors conducted a search in the Web of Science database for clinical articles on ICAS published between 1993 and 2022. The top 100 most-cited articles were then extracted. For each article, the analysis covered the title, author, country of origin/affiliation, journal, total number of citations, number of citations per year, and type of study.

Results:

The top 100 most-cited papers in the ICAS were authored by 565 authors from 12 countries and published in 29 journals. In terms of the 5-year trend, the largest number of papers were published between 2003 and 2007 (n = 31). The median number of citations for the 100 papers was 161 (range 109–1,115). The journal with the highest proportion of the 100 most published articles was Stroke, accounting for 41% of articles and 37% of the citations. According to country of origin, the United States of America accounted for the largest number of articles, followed by China, Japan, and South Korea, with these four countries together accounting for 81% of the total number of articles and 88% of the citations. Trends in the past five years included the use of terms such as acute ischemic stroke and mechanical thrombectomy.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study provide novel insight into this field and will facilitate future research endeavors.
Classification of Ionospheric Scintillations during high Solar Activity and Geomagnetic Storm over Visakhapatnam Region using Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Shiva Kumar Nimmakayala , Srilatha Indira Dutt V.B.S.
Published: March 2024

The ionospheric plasma disturbances typically correlate with irregularities in electron density and ionospheric scintillations are produced in reaction to these variations generating radio signal fluctuations. Geolocation services and space based communication are endangered due to ionospheric scintillation which promptly produces fluctuations in information collected by Global Navigation Satellite Systems and this is at its strongest when the solar cycle is at its peak. Ionospheric space weather has a significant impact on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and one crucial aspect used in investigating ionospheric characteristics is total electron content (TEC). Due to fluctuations in time and space, the TEC obtained from GNSS signals is nonlinear and nonstationary. In this study, machine learning approaches for Classification of the ionospheric scintillations were used during the high solar activity and geomagnetic storm in the month of July 2023. This approach enables the classification of ionospheric phase scintillations using well-known classifiers: Decision Tree and Support Vector Machine.
Geospatial techniques to determine Coastal geomorphology changes along the Cuddalore and Nagapattinam coast, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Kongeswaran Thangaraj , Sivakumar Karthikeyan , Muthuramalingam Rajendran , Muruganantham Arumugam
Published: March 2024

This study proposes to use geospatial techniques to assess coastal geomorphological changes along the southeast coast of India, from Cuddalore to Nagapattinam. The results will provide insights into regional morphology changes and will advance our understanding of coastal evolution, sea level variations and quaternary geomorphic processes. The coastal geomorphological units of the study area comprise of the coastal zone and an older deltaic plain. Most coastal zone features have developed through erosion, accretion and other natural processes. These features can be classified as depositional or erosional. By analyzing satellite imagery from 1980 to 2020, the study identified changes in coastal geomorphological features. This information can be used to locate mineral deposits, hydrocarbon locales, groundwater targets and sites for artificial recharge and saltwater intrusion mitigation. It can also affect coastal zone management decisions.
Disaster Management and Landslide Risk Reduction Strategies in The Gebog Sub-District of Kudus Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Tjahjono Heri , Hanafi Fahrudin , Trihatmoko Edy , Findayani Aprilia , Miftahurridlo Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Historically, the Kudus Regency in Central Java Province, Indonesia, has been prone to landslides. This study was conducted in the Gebog Sub-District of Kudus Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The objectives of this study are: (1) to analyze the level of landslide disaster risk in the Gebog Sub-District, (2) to assess the current community-based landslide risk management activities undertaken by the local population in the Gebog Sub-District and (3) to formulate community-based landslide risk reduction management strategies to mitigate landslide risk. Variables for the level of landslide disaster risk include landslide hazards/threats, vulnerability to landslide hazards and community capacity to deal with landslides. Variables related to the management of landslide risk studied encompass pre-disaster, during-disaster and post-disaster activities by the community. Meanwhile, the variables for community-based landslide risk reduction management strategies include threat reduction, vulnerability reduction and enhancing community capacity before, during and after a landslide disaster. The research design is based on field surveys with 99 individuals as research subjects and 33 field units as samples. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews and analysis was conducted using scoring and ranking. The research findings indicate that the current community-based landslide risk management activities are still low. From the research and focus group discussions, new strategies for community-based landslide risk reduction management were identified to reduce landslide risk.
Coral Primary Polyp Settlement on Crustose Coralline Algae from India
Authors: Kashyap Kumar , Venu Sasidharan , Kalita Samrat , Kripa S. , Lakshmanan Sreelakshmi
Published: March 2024

Crustose coralline algae (CCA) are calcareous red algae belonging to the diverse group Rhodophyta. They are known to play numerous important ecological roles in the coral reef ecosystems such as various invertebrate larval settlement, cementing the reef together, participating effectively in primary productivity. One of the most important ecological roles these algae play, are the settlement and metamorphosis of coral larvae. Though lots of observations have been made on a juvenile coral being settled on CCA, there has not been any study on the initial settlement of coral larvae on CCA. The present study was carried out in the intertidal regions of South Andaman district. During intertidal survey, a single thin layered CCA was observed to house four different coral recruits which had settled and metamorphosed to form a single polyp coral.
Study on Desulfovibrio desulfuricans mediated copper corrosion and its inhibition using bio-wax of Colocasia esculenta
Authors: Challaraj Emmanuel E.S. , Mishra Arpita , Benny Suby Mon , Prince Amal , Joy Antony
Published: March 2024

In the present study, the bio-wax was extracted from Colocasia esculenta and was tested for its corrosion inhibiting property against Desulfovibrio desulfuricans. Inhibition of copper corrosion by bio wax from Colocasia was observed using weight loss method, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results obtained from the weight loss studies and impedance measurements provided similar trends of inhibition efficiency. Cu coupon coated with bio-wax showed significant reduction in corrosion rate i.e. Rcorr of 0.0011mmpy. This result gives an idea about the protective nature of thick bio-wax coated copper coupons from bacterial adherence and bacterial metabolites. The impedance value in the bio wax coated coupon was found to be from 188.67 to 781.25 ohms at 1 Volt. The wax FTIR analysis in a spectral region of 4000 cm- 1 - 400 cm -1 showed peaks at 2918.75 cm -1 and 2849.73 cm -1 confirming the presence of hydrophobic hydrocarbon. Morphological changes were observed after coating the bio wax as shown from SEM analysis. The incorporation of the hydrophobic property of bio-wax showed sufficient reduction in MIC of copper. Bio-wax acted as a protective covering inhibiting the adherence of corroding bacteria on the surface. Inhibition efficiency results are in good agreement to use Colocasia bio wax as a source of sustainable and renewable surface coating material. This property might be used in future as an ingredient in anti-rust paint used in coating metal surfaces like ship parts, pipelines systems of petroleum industry and other metal made machines etc.
Assessing water quality at Jakkur Lake: a comparative analysis of Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery
Authors: Bobalade Abhishek , Patil K.A. , Bartakke P.P.
Published: March 2024

Jakkur lake is one of the biggest lakes of Bangalore and is located on the northern side of the city. It derives its name from the name of the locality, Jakkur. The waterbody area is about 160 acres and length is about 1.5 km with several islands. Because of urbanization and increase in population, the catchment location is highly encroached. The amount of the stormwater achieving the lake has decreased making the streams dry. Remote sensing is a tool used for monitoring water bodies to present better spatial and temporal resolution. Remote sensing is also used for continuous monitoring and assessment of water bodies. Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2 are recently launched multispectral sensors that have the potential to be used for the effective monitoring of the Jakkur Lake's water quality. Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2 are similar in many approaches. Sentinel-2, however, has higher spatial resolution. The aim of this research was to find out if Sentinel-2 produces better results than Landsat-8 OLI in testing water quality parameters in the Jakkur lake. The parameters of interest were chlorophyll_a and turbidity. The results show that Sentinel-2 generates better results. For Sentinel-2, the R2 values for chlorophyll_a and turbidity were 0.975 and 0.845 respectively whilst for Landsat-8, the chlorophyll_a and turbidity R2 values were 0.911 and 0.747 respectively.
Electrocoagulation (EC) treatment of model wastewater containing Rhodamine B
Authors: Vaghela Nareshkumar R.
Published: March 2024

The colour removal of synthetic Rhodamine B (RhB) wastewater by using the electrocoagulation (EC) process in batch mode utilizing commercially available iron plates as electrodes was investigated. The colour removal (%) was calculated for the EC process by taking into account the effects of several factors such as pHi, current density, RhB concentration and temperature. When NaCl was utilized as the electrolyte for EC, the efficiency of colour removal was enhanced. At the optimal experimental conditions (pHi 7.0, 100 A/m2, 50 ppm RhB concentration, 30 minutes, 30 oC and 0.075 M NaCl concentration), the colour removal (%) was 87.27 %. The negative values of ΔH° and ΔS° and ΔG° indicate that the adsorption process was spontaneous in nature and unfavorable at higher temperatures. The electrical energy consumption was assessed to be 2.44 KWh/m3. Characterization of the sludge was also carried out.
Activity of carboxylesterase enzyme in different tissues of sixth instar larvae Orthaga exvinacea Hampson under various conditions of temperature and pH
Authors: Mandeth Kodiyil Geetha Nambiar , Varghese Vijesh
Published: March 2024

The mango leaf-webber, Orthaga exvinacea Hampson is one of the major pests of mango crop. In larval stage, they defoliate the leaves and thereby reduce the crop yield but in adult stage, they do not cause any damage to the crop. Insect must chemically alter and dispose of a large variety of compounds to maintain their normal body function. They must neutralise, inactivate or eliminate many foreign substances including pesticides. All foreign organic compounds are susceptible to metabolic attack in vivo. This biotransformation may involve by the activity of some enzymes. Carboxylesterases are major enzymes involved in the resistance process in several insect species. The appraisal and hydrolytic capacity of these catalysts work best inside particular temperature and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) conditions. The impacts of temperature and pH on the hydrolysis of both α-naphthyl acetate and β-naphthyl acetate by Orthaga exvinacea carboxylesterase and the tissue fractionation of these enzymes were examined. The ideal conditions for measuring carboxylesterase movement of Orthaga exvinacea were pH of 6.6 - 7.2 and temperature 35°C - 45°C. The particular carboxylesterase action indicates most extreme behaviour at pH 6.8 and temperature at 40oC. Tissue confinement investigation of the enzyme in Orthaga exvinacea demonstrated the nearness of carboxylesterase action in every division.
Az orvosi táplálkozásterápia egyensúlyozása a testsúlycsökkentés és kardiovaszkuláris előnyök között
Authors: Bajnok László
Published: March 2024

Bár az étrendek kardiovaszkuláris hatásával kapcsolatos véletlen besorolásos vizsgálatok száma limitált, a kiegyensúlyozott, mediterrán jellegű táplálkozás előnyei a keményvégpontok szintjén is meggyőzőek. Határozott adatok vannak arra vonatkozóan is, hogy a tiltott élelmiszereknél fontosabbak lehetnek a protektívek. Testsúlycsökkentés céljából egészen különböző dietetikai módszereket is megfelelőnek tartanak a mérvadó ajánlások. Ugyanakkor az összehasonlító, véletlen besorolásos, prospektív táplálkozási vizsgálatok közötti, mind közép-, mind hosszú távon kimutatható jelentős hatékonysági különbségek és ellentmondások okai nem kellően tisztázottak. A fogyókúrák kardiovaszkuláris biztonságosságával kapcsolatban is merülnek fel aggályok. Ezek összefüggésben lehetnek egyrészt a súlyhullámzás fokozódásával, másrészt a ketogén étrenddel. Viszont indirekt bizonyítékaink vannak az aktuálisan az obezitológia fő sikermutatójának tekintett ≥10% súlycsökkenés kardiovaszkuláris előnyére vonatkozóan.
Structural transformations of metal-organic cages through tetrazine-alkene reactivity
Authors: Black Martin , Bhattacharyya Soumalya , Argent Stephen , Pilgrim Ben
Published: March 2024

The assembly of metal-organic cages follows rules based on the coordination preferences of metal ions and the geometries of their typically rigid and planar precursor ligands. PdnL2n metal-organic cages are amongst the most structurally diverse with subtle differences in the metal-ligand coordination vectors giving rise to drastically different assemblies, however al-most all rely on the rigidity of aromatic linker groups to avoid the formation of intractable mixtures of structures. Here we exploit the inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction between tetrazine linker groups and alkene reagents to trigger structural changes induced by post-assembly modification. The structure of the 1,4-dihydropyridazine produced by IEDDA (often an afterthought in click chemistry) is crucial, with the presence of two sp3 centers leading to a greater degree of flexibility and non-planarity in this ligand. This drastically changes the range of accessible metal-ligand coordination vec-tors, triggering an initial Pd4L8 tetrahedral cage to transform into different Pd2L4 lantern cages, with both the extent (thermo-dynamics) and rate (kinetics) of this transformation dependent on the alkene dienophile selected. With cyclopentene, the unsymmetrical 1,4-dihydropyridazine ligands undergo integrative sorting in the solid state, with both head-to-tail orientation selection and enantiomer selection, leading to a single lantern isomer from the 39 possible. This preference is rationalized through entropy, symmetry, and the extent of hydrogen bonding. Subsequent oxidation of the 1,4-dihydropyridazine to the aromatic pyridazine rigidifies the ligands and imparts planarity again. The oxidized ligands can no longer fit in the lantern structure, inducing further structural transformations into Pd4L8 tetrahedral cages and Pd3L6 double-walled triangles. The concept of controllable addition of limited additional flexibility and then its removal through well-defined reactivity we en-visage being of great interest for those interested in structural transformations of any class of supramolecular architecture.
Python and MATLAB implementations of a fast numerical method for the solution of multiple chemical equilibria
Authors: TODISCO MARCO
Published: March 2024

Determining the distribution of multiple chemical species at equilibrium for a given system is a common problem that must be routinely addressed by scholars. While simple systems consisting of a few species and reactions can be solved manually, most of these problems require the definition and solution of higher-order equations and are intractable without reliable numerical methods, that can be slow and inefficient. In this work, we introduce straightforward Python and MATLAB implementations of the geometric-programming algorithm developed by Thomas Wayne Wall (1984) and we provide clear and easy-to-use scripts and examples for researchers approaching the problem. The code is readily available online in a package called equpy. The performance and stability of the algorithm are tested versus out-of-the-box MATLAB numerical solver (vpasolve) and the solver employed in chempy - one of the most complete opensource chemistry packages available to this date - showing an execution time reduced by as much as two orders of magnitudes.
Efficient and Accurate pKa Prediction Enabled by Pre-Trained Machine-Learned Interatomic Potentials
Authors: Wagen Corin , Wagen Arien
Published: March 2024

Quickly and accurately predicting the pKa of small molecules is an important unsolved challenge in computational chemistry: while approaches based on electronic structure theory have shown great promise, the utility of these methods is limited by the considerable expense of the requisite computations. In this study, we investigate AIMNet2, a machine-learned interatomic potential, as a low-cost surrogate for electronic structure theory in pKa prediction. The accuracy of the AIMNet2-based pKa prediction workflow is evaluated over a wide range of compounds and functional groups, and potential sources of error are discussed.
PRACTICAL MULTIGRAM APPROACH TO CONFORMATIONALLY CONSTRAINED PROLINE-BASED BUILDING BLOCKS WITH GAMMA-SPIRO CONJUNCTION
Authors: Iermolenko Ievgenii , Kolosov Oleksii , Ostapchuk Eugeniy , Lega Dmitry , Derkach Nikita , Levchenko Kostiantyn , Makhankova Valeriya , Rozhenko Alexandr , Volochnyuk Dmytro , Ryabukhin Serhiy
Published: March 2024

Unusual amino acids have arisen as an indispensable instrument at the disposal of modern medicinal chemistry. While extensively exploited as building blocks in the search for new pharmaceuticals, their application goes far beyond and they are currently involved in the exploration of the structure and conformational mobility of peptides, modification and amplification of peptidomimetics’ activity, and others. Herein, we communicate an effective synthetic approach to non-planar, conformationally restricted, sp3-enriched spirocyclic -prolines. The protocol employs readily available nitrile starting materials and conventional experimental procedures. The synthetic sequence is concise and includes three principal stages (one of them is a 4-step through process). The reactions proceed on a multigram scale affording the target prolines in overall good yields. The building blocks synthesized in the study are expected to have practical uses in the field of medicinal chemistry.
How do spin-scaled double hybrids designed for excitation energies perform for noncovalent excited-state interactions? An investigation on aromatic excimer models
Authors: Hancock Amy C. , Giudici Erica , Goerigk Lars
Published: March 2024

Time-dependent double hybrids with spin-component or spin-opposite scaling to their second-order perturbative correlation correction have demonstrated competitive robustness in the computation of electronic excitation energies. Some of the most robust are those recently published by our group [M. Casanova-Páez, L. Goerigk, J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2021, 20, 5165]. So far, the implementation of these functionals has not allowed correctly calculating their ground-state total energies. Herein, we define their correct spin-scaled ground-state energy expressions which enables us to test our methods on the noncovalent excited-state interaction energies of four aromatic excimers. A range of 22 double hybrids with and without spin scaling are compared to the reasonably accurate wavefunction reference from our previous work [A. C. Hancock, L. Goerigk, RSC Adv. 2023, 13, 35964]. The impact of spin scaling is highly dependent on the underlying functional expression, however, the smallest overall errors belong to spin-scaled functionals with range separation: SCS- and SOS-ωPBEPP86, and SCS-RSX-QIDH. We additionally determine parameters for DFT-D3(BJ)/D4 ground-state dispersion corrections of these functionals, which reduce errors in most cases. We highlight the necessity of dispersion corrections for even the most robust TD-DFT methods but also point out that ground-state based corrections are insufficient to completely capture dispersion effects for excited-state interaction energies.
C5aR plus MEK inhibition durably targets the tumor milieu and reveals tumor cell phagocytosis
Authors: Perrino Melissa R , Ahmari Niousha , Hall Ashley , Jackson Mark , Na Youjin , Pundavela Jay , Szabo Sara , Woodruff Trent M , Dombi Eva , Kim Mi-Ok , Köhl Jörg , Wu Jianqiang , Ratner Nancy
Published: March 2024

Plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs) are nerve tumors caused by loss ofNF1and dysregulation of RAS-MAPK signaling in Schwann cells. Most PNFs shrink in response to MEK inhibition, but targets with increased and durable effects are needed. We identified the anaphylatoxin C5a as increased in PNFs and expressed largely by PNF m acrophages. We defined pharmacokinetic and immunomodulatory properties of a C5aR1/2 antagonist and tested if peptide antagonists augment the effects of MEK inhibition. MEK inhibition recruited C5AR1 to the macrophage surface; short-term inhibition of C5aR elevated macrophage apoptosis and Schwann cell death, without affecting MEK-induced tumor shrinkage. PNF macrophages lacking C5aR1 increased the engulfment of dying Schwann cells, allowing their visualization. Halting combination therapy resulted in altered T-cell distribution, elevated Iba1+ and CD169+ immunoreactivity, and profoundly altered cytokine expression, but not sustained trumor shrinkage. Thus, C5aRA inhibition independently induces macrophage cell death and causes sustained and durable effects on the PNF microenvironment.
Analyzing computer vision models for detecting customers: a practical experience in a mexican retail
Authors: Fernández Del Carpio Alvaro
Published: March 2024

Computer vision has become an important technology for obtaining meaningful data from visual content and providing valuable information for enhancing security controls, marketing, and logistic strategies in diverse industrial and business sectors. The retail sector constitutes an important part of the worldwide economy. Analyzing customer data and shopping behaviors has become essential to deliver the right products to customers, maximize profits, and increase competitiveness. In-person shopping is still a predominant form of retail despite the appearance of online retail outlets. As such, in-person retail is adopting computer vision models to monitor store products and customers. This research paper presents the development of a computer vision solution by Lytica Company to detect customers in Steren’s physical retail stores in Mexico. Current computer vision models such as SSD Mobilenet V2, YOLO-FastestV2, YOLOv5, and YOLOXn were analyzed to find the most accurate system according to the conditions and characteristics of the available devices. Some of the challenges addressed during the analysis of videos were obstruction and proximity of the customers, lighting conditions, position and distance of the camera concerning the customer when entering the store, image quality, and scalability of the process. Models were evaluated with the F1-score metric: 0.64 with YOLO FastestV2, 0.74 with SSD Mobilenetv2, 0.86 with YOLOv5n, 0.86 with YOLOv5xs, and 0.74 with YOLOXn. Although YOLOv5 achieved the best performance, YOLOXn presented the best balance between performance and FPS (frames per second) rate, considering the limited hardware and computing power conditions.
Ranking de los programas de vacunación en América Latina, 2020
Authors: Rombini María Fernanda , Mauas Romina Paola , Katz Nathalia , Urueña Analía
Published: March 2024

Objetivo.

Construir y comparar el ranking de los programas nacionales de inmunizaciones (PNI) de América Latina del año 2020 con el año anterior.

Métodos.

Se evaluaron 18 PNI con base en la información pública obtenida de sitios oficiales de los ministerios de salud de los países, la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la Organización Panamericana de la Salud, el Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia y referentes locales. El ranking se elaboró con base en el calendario de vacunación del año 2020 en distintas etapas de la vida, situaciones especiales, vacunación antigripal, coberturas vacunales (CV) del 2019 y aspectos programáticos.

Resultados.

Las CV disminuyeron en la mayoría de los países. El puntaje promedio regional y de la mayoría de los países también bajó en el 2020 excepto en Chile y Colombia. Chile lidera el ranking, seguido por Uruguay, Panamá y Costa Rica, y se destaca por su calendario completo, mayores CV y logros programáticos.

Conclusiones.

El menor puntaje global del 2020 resalta que es necesario recuperar la CV en la Región. Este análisis busca motivar a los países a abordar los desafíos pendientes.
Integrated edge thresholded deep network for image denoising
Authors: Srinivasa Rao Thamanam , Manjunathachari K. , Satya Prasad K.
Published: March 2024

The outcome of the denoising network suffers from over-smoothing effect, due to this, the texture content of the object will be lost. Lack of accurate texture properties in the image may lead to inefficient object segmentation and classification. This paper proposes an edge-preserving thresholding approach and applies it to the output of the denoised network. The thresholding approach relies on the distance and weight factors, which move the noisy components toward the mean of the subspace. This proposal is meant to treat over and under-smoothed components, where the smoothing decrement or increment is controlled by the threshold calculated with the average mean of the components in the respective subspace. The approach is compared with state-of-the-art methods in terms of image quality, and it is observed that this approach increases the quality proportionately. The result depicts that there is a significant improvement in PSNR of about 0.7~ 1 dB with the proposed integrated mechanism when compared against the conventional CNN-based image denoiser. Moreover, the edge details are better preserved with the proposed integrated mechanism.