bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversidad de mamíferos en una área con relictos de bosque seco en el Magdalena Medio (Caldas, Colombia)
Authors: Garcés Retrepo Mario Fernando , Quintero Ángel Andrés , Cuéllar Natalia , Giraldo Alan
Published: June 2017

Los relictos de bosque seco del departamento de Caldas se encuentran afectados por actividades humanas como la minería y la ganadería. Debido a la importancia biológica de estos bosques, las amenazas que enfrentan y el poco conocimiento de su diversidad, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la diversidad y abundancia de mamíferos en un mosaico de Bosque Seco en este departamento. Entre octubre de 2013 y agosto de 2014, se realizó un muestreo de mamíferos implementándose técnicas de búsquedas en trayectos, trampas de captura, trampas cámara, redes de niebla y búsqueda de rastros. Se registraron 49 especies de mamíferos pertenecientes a nueve órdenes y 23 familias. Estas especies correspondieron a cerca del 49% de las especies de mamíferos distribuidas en el Valle Alto del Magdalena y el muestreo tuvo una representatividad cercana al 84 % de las especies esperadas con el esfuerzo realizado. Tres especies se consideran amenazadas a nivel nacional e internacional (Lontra longicaudis, Aotus cf griseimembra, Saguinus leucopus). Adicionalmente, Leopardus wiedii se cataloga casi amenazado y Proechimys chrysaeolus se considera de datos deficientes a nivel internacional. Los relictos de bosque de esta zona presentan una alta diversidad y permiten el asentamiento de algunas especies amenazadas.
Phytochemical Screening of Methanolic Leaves Extract of Malva sylvestris
Authors: Al-Rubaye Abeer Fauzi , Kaizal Ashwak Falih , Hameed Imad Hadi
Published: June 2017

The objectives of this study were analysis of the secondary metabolite products and evaluation antibacterial activity.
Bioactives are chemical compounds often referred to as secondary metabolites. Thirty six bioactive compounds were
identified in the methanolic extract of Malva sylvestris. The identification of bioactive chemical compounds is based on
the peak area, retention time molecular weight and molecular formula. GC-MS analysis of Malva sylvestris revealed the
existence of the1-Propanamine , 2-methyl-N-(2-methylpropyldene)- , Pyrrolidine,1-(1-oxo-2,5-octadecadienyl)- ,
Dimethyl sulfoxide , Cyclohexylamine ,N-ethyl- , N-(2-Methylbutylidene)isobutylamine , 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolideethanol ,
2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperidine , 1-Butanamine , 2-methyl-N-(2-methylbutylidene)- , 4-(Pyrrolidin-2-
ylcarbonyl)morpholine , Dithiocarbamate , S-methyl-,N-(2-methyl-3-oxobutyl)- , l-Gala-l-ido-octonic lactone , 1-(5'-
methylfurfuryl)pyrrolidine , 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol , Pyrrolizin-1,7-dione-6-carboxylic acid , methyl(ester) , 1-
Naphthaienol , 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2,5,8-trimethyl- , Pterin-6-carboxylic acid , N-(2-Acetamido)iminodiacetic acid , N-(1-
Hydroxy-4-oxo-1-phenylperhydroquinolizin-3-yl)carbamic , Cyclopropanedodecanoic acid , 2-octyl-,methyl ester ,
Cholestan-3-ol,2-methylene-,(3β,5α)- , 3-(N,N-Dimethyllaurylammonio)propanesulfonate , Pyrazole[4,5-b]imidazole ,
1-formyl-3-ethyl-6-β-d-ribofuranosyl- , Octahydrobenzo[b]pyran , 4a-acetoxy-5,5,8a-trimethyl- , Tetraacetyl-d-xylonic
nitrile , 4,6-Heptadien-3-one,1,7-diphenyl- , Pentanoic acid ,2,2,4-trimethyl-3-carboxyisopropyl , isobutyl ester , DFructose
, diethyl mercaptal, pentaacetate , Phytol , Hexadecanamide , Tributyl acetylcitrate , Cholestan-3-one,cyclic 1,2-
ethanediyl aetal , (5β)- , Dasycarpidan-1-methanol, acetate ( ester)- , 9-Desoxo-9-x-acetoxy-3,8,12-tri-O-acetylingol ,
(+)-y-Tocopherol, O-methyl- , Campesterol and Stigmasterol.
Microfluidics: A Tool to Control the Size and Composition of Particles
Authors: Amstad Esther
Published: June 2017

Particles and capsules are used as containers for active ingredients to delay their degradation and control the location and kinetics of their release. Key to a successful application of these containers is a good control over their size, composition, and the release kinetics of encapsulants.
These parameters can be tuned if containers are made from drops of a controlled size and composition; a method that enables formation of drops of a defined size is microfluidics. This review highlights some recent developments in the use of drops made with microfluidics to produce particles
and capsules of controlled sizes, compositions, and structures.
Fall in new HIV diagnoses among men who have sex with men (MSM) at selected London sexual health clinics since early 2015: testing or treatment or pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)?
Authors: Brown Alison E , Mohammed Hamish , Ogaz Dana , Kirwan Peter D , Yung Mandy , Nash Sophie G , Furegato Martina , Hughes Gwenda , Connor Nicky , Delpech Valerie C , Gill O Noel
Published: June 2017

Since October 2015 up to September 2016, HIV diagnoses fell by 32% compared with October 2014–September 2015 among men who have sex with men (MSM) attending selected London sexual health clinics. This coincided with high HIV testing volumes and rapid initiation of treatment on diagnosis. The fall was most apparent in new HIV testers. Intensified testing of high-risk populations, combined with immediately received anti-retroviral therapy and a pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) programme, may make elimination of HIV achievable.
Staphylococcus schleiferi coinfection in dengue fever
Authors: Manappallil Robin George
Published: June 2017

This is a Letter to EditorAsian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(4) 2017 62-63
Helicobacter pylori infection and vitamin B-12 deficiency- A cross sectional study
Authors: Ravi K. , Joseph Jacob , Thomas David Mathew
Published: June 2017

Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency is a common, often overlooked medical problem in adult  population. Diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency is incomplete without the evaluation of underlying cause. In majority of the cases Vitamin B12 deficiency is attributed to malnutrition. H. pylori infection plays an important role in the development of atrophic gastritis and related malabsorption. Hence it is suggested that there may be a relationship between h. pylori infection and vitamin B12 deficiency.Aims and Objective: To evaluate correlation of helicobacter pylori infection and blood levels of vitamin B12.Materials and Methods: A total of 120 patients with deficient serum vitamin B12 levels were evaluated. Upper GI Endoscopy was performed and gastric biopsies were obtained for Histopathological examination and histological evidence of H. pylori infection.Results: Tissue biopsy revealed chronic atrophic gastritis in 65 patients and chronic antral gastritis in 39 patients. H. pylori infection by histology was positive in 68 patients. There was significant correlation between atrophic gastritis and H. pylori as well as between H. pylori and B12 deficiency.Conclusion: H.pylori has an effect on gastric mucosa, which influences the absorption of vitamin B12. Thus individuals with B12 deficiency must be subjected for diagnostic evaluation of H.pylori infection and appropriate therapy must be initiatedAsian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(4) 2017 16-20
A study of clinical profile and management of dominant thyroid nodule in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal
Authors: Mandal Nibaran , Kuiri Shib Shankar , Nandi Mintu Mohan , Ghosh Bikash Chandra , Ghosh Goutam , Sharma Yash
Published: June 2017

Background: A dominant thyroid nodule (swelling) is a discrete swelling in a gland with clinical evidence of generalized abnormality in the form of palpable contra-lateral lobe or generalized mild nodularity. About 30% of thyroid nodules are dominant. The important aspect in evaluation of dominant thyroid nodule is to exclude malignancy.Aims and Objectives: 1) to determine incidence of dominant thyroid nodule in relation with age and sex. 2) to determine the functional status of thyroid in dominant nodule. 3) to determine role of FNAC to diagnose a case of dominant thyroid nodule 4) incidence of malignancy among dominant thyroid nodule cases.Materials and Methods: All patients attending surgery OPD at BSMCH between the study periods of August 2013 to July 2016 with clinically and radiologically proven dominant thyroid nodule were included in this study. Patients with solitary or recurrent nodules were excluded.Results: Total of 147 patients were included in his study, with 86% of them being female, mean age of presentation was 38.35 yrs, and commonest age group being 5th decade. Only one patient had secondary hyperthyroidism. FNAC reports reveled 79 % benign etiology, 16 % malignant etiology, 4% intermediate etiology, 1% suspicious to be malignant. Sensitivity of FNAC was 73.3%, and specificity 97.2% to diagnose malignant etiology. The frequency of malignancy was 21.1%.Conclusion: Thyroid nodule is commonest presentation in various thyroid diseases mainly seen in females and in 5th decade and presents as thyroid cyst, colloid nodule, thyroid neoplasm, and thyroiditis. USG and FNAC has established role in evaluation of the nature of thyroid nodule and its management. Pressure symptoms requires surgery. Toxic nodules are mainly treated with antithyroid drugs, radioactive iodine and occasionally surgery, but malignant thyroid nodule mainly treated with total thyroidectomy.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(4) 2017 11-15
Improved operative efficiency using a real-time MRI-guided stereotactic platform for laser amygdalohippocampotomy
Authors: Ho Allen L. , Sussman Eric S. , Pendharkar Arjun V. , Le Scheherazade , Mantovani Alessandra , Keebaugh Alaine C. , Drover David R. , Grant Gerald A. , Wintermark Max , Halpern Casey H.
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVE

MR-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is a minimally invasive method for thermal destruction of benign or malignant tissue that has been used for selective amygdalohippocampal ablation for the treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy. The authors report their initial experience adopting a real-time MRI-guided stereotactic platform that allows for completion of the entire procedure in the MRI suite.

METHODS

Between October 2014 and May 2016, 17 patients with mesial temporal sclerosis were selected by a multidisciplinary epilepsy board to undergo a selective amygdalohippocampal ablation for temporal lobe epilepsy using MRgLITT. The first 9 patients underwent standard laser ablation in 2 phases (operating room [OR] and MRI suite), whereas the next 8 patients underwent laser ablation entirely in the MRI suite with the ClearPoint platform. A checklist specific to the real-time MRI-guided laser amydalohippocampal ablation was developed and used for each case. For both cohorts, clinical and operative information, including average case times and accuracy data, was collected and analyzed.

RESULTS

There was a learning curve associated with using this real-time MRI-guided system. However, operative times decreased in a linear fashion, as did total anesthesia time. In fact, the total mean patient procedure time was less in the MRI cohort (362.8 ± 86.6 minutes) than in the OR cohort (456.9 ± 80.7 minutes). The mean anesthesia time was significantly shorter in the MRI cohort (327.2 ± 79.9 minutes) than in the OR cohort (435.8 ± 78.4 minutes, p = 0.02).

CONCLUSIONS

The real-time MRI platform for MRgLITT can be adopted in an expedient manner. Completion of MRgLITT entirely in the MRI suite may lead to significant advantages in procedural times.
Application of FEM to Estimate Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Plasma Sprayed Composite Coatings
Authors: Bolot Rodolphe , Aussavy Delphine , Montavon Ghislain
Published: June 2017

The presence of defects such as voids, inter-lamellar porosities or cracks causes a decrease in the effective thermal conductivity of plasma-sprayed coatings as well as a decrease in corresponding mechanical properties, such as the Young’s modulus. In general, the effective properties of thermal spray coatings are thus very different from that of bulk materials and thus have to be quantified to validate in service performances. A complementary approach allowing us to understand the relationships between the microstructure of a coating and its macro-properties is that of Finite Element Modeling (FEM). The case of composite coatings is more complicated still, due to the presence of different materials. In the present study, thermo-mechanical properties of a plasma-sprayed composite coating were estimated by numerical modeling based on FEM. The method applied uses directly cross-sectional micrographs without simplification, using a one-cell per pixel approach. Characteristics such as the thermal conductivity, the Young’s modulus, the Poisson’s ratio and the dilatation coefficient were considered. The example selected was an AlSi/polyester coating used as an abradable seal in the aerospace industry.
Pre-Replicative Repair of Oxidized Bases Maintains Fidelity in Mammalian Genomes: The Cowcatcher Role of NEIL1 DNA Glycosylase
Authors: Rangaswamy Suganya , Pandey Arvind , Mitra Sankar , Hegde Muralidhar
Published: June 2017

Genomic fidelity in the humans is continuously challenged by genotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated both endogenously during metabolic processes, and by exogenous agents. Mispairing of most ROS-induced oxidized base lesions during DNA replication induces mutations. Although bulky base adducts induced by ultraviolet light and other environmental mutagens block replicative DNA polymerases, most oxidized base lesions do not block DNA synthesis. In 8-oxo-G:A mispairs generated by the incorporation of A opposite unrepaired 8-oxo-G, A is removed by MutYH (MYH) for post-replicative repair, and other oxidized base lesions must be repaired prior to replication in order to prevent mutation fixation. Our earlier studies documented S phase-specific overexpression of endonuclease VIII-like 1 (NEIL1) DNA glycosylase (DG), one of five oxidized base excision repair (BER)-initiating enzymes in mammalian cells, and its high affinity for replication fork-mimicking single-stranded (ss)DNA substrates. We recently provided experimental evidence for the role of NEIL1 in replicating-strand repair, and proposed the “cowcatcher” model of pre-replicative BER, where NEIL1’s nonproductive binding to the lesion base in ssDNA template blocks DNA chain elongation, causing fork regression. Repair of the lesion in the then re-annealed duplex is carried out by NEIL1 in association with the DNA replication proteins. In this commentary, we highlight the critical role of pre-replicative BER in preventing mutagenesis, and discuss the distinction between pre-replicative vs. post-replicative BER.
Assessing Lead, Nickel, and Zinc Pollution in Topsoil from a Historic Shooting Range Rehabilitated into a Public Urban Park
Authors: Urrutia-Goyes Ricardo , Argyraki Ariadne , Ornelas-Soto Nancy
Published: June 2017

Soil contamination is a persistent problem in the world. The redevelopment of a site with a historical deposition of metals might conceal the threat of remaining pollution, especially when the site has become a public place. In this study, human health risk assessment is performed after defining the concentrations of Pb, Ni, and Zn in the topsoil of a former shooting range rehabilitated into a public park in the Municipality of Kesariani (Athens, Greece). A methodology that uses inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS, 13 samples), another that uses portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) following a dense sample design (91 samples), and a hybrid approach that combines both, were used to obtain the concentrations of the trace elements. The enrichment factor and geoacummulation index were calculated to define the degree of pollution of the site. The hazard quotient and cancer risk indicators were also computed to find the risk to which the population is exposed. The present study reveals high non-carcinogenic health risk due to Pb pollution with ingestion as the main exposure pathway. The carcinogenic risk for Pb is within tolerable limits, but the definition of land use might alter such a statement. Lastly, regarding Ni and Zn, the site is unpolluted and there is insignificant carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks.
The Buffer Effect of Therapy Dog Exposure on Stress Reactivity in Undergraduate Students
Authors: Fiocco Alexandra , Hunse Anastasia
Published: June 2017

Stress is an insidious health risk that is commonly reported among university students. While research suggests that dog exposure may facilitate recovery from a stress response, little is known about the buffer effect of dog exposure on the stress response to a future stressor. This study examined whether interaction with a therapy dog could reduce the strength of the physiological stress response when exposed to a subsequent stressor. Sixty-one university students were randomly assigned to either a therapy dog (TD, n = 31) or a no-dog control (C, n = 30) group. The stress response was measured by electrodermal activity (EDA) in response to the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT). Participants also completed questionnaires that assessed pet attitude, general stress levels, and affect. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) showed that increase in EDA was significantly more pronounced in the C group than in the TD group (p < 0.01). Pet attitudes did not modulate the buffer effect of therapy dog exposure. Results suggest that therapy dog exposure may buffer the stress response in university students, which has implications for the promotion of a viable stress management program on university campuses.
Early Onset of Type 1 Diabetes and Educational Field at Upper Secondary and University Level: Is Own Experience an Asset for a Health Care Career?
Authors: Lovén Ida , Steen Carlsson Katarina
Published: June 2017

Ill health in early life has a significant negative impact on school grades, grade repetition, educational level, and labor market outcomes. However, less is known about qualitative socio-economic consequences of a health shock in childhood or adolescence. We investigate the relationship between onset of type 1 diabetes up to age 15 and the probability of choosing and completing a health-oriented path at upper secondary and university level of education. We analyze the Swedish Childhood Diabetes Register, the National Educational Register, and other population registers in Sweden for 2756 people with type 1 diabetes and 10,020 matched population controls. Educational decisions are modeled as unsorted series of binary choices to assess the choice of educational field as a potential mechanism linking early life health to adult outcomes. The analyses reject the hypothesis of no systematic differences in choice of educational field between people with and without type 1 diabetes at both levels. The results are robust to selection on ability proxies and across sensitivity analysis. We conclude that the observed pro health-oriented educational choices among people with type 1 diabetes in our data are consistent with disease onset in childhood and adolescence having qualitative impact on life-course choices.
Coordination Driven Capture of Nicotine Inside a Mesoporous MOF
Authors: Balestri Davide , Capucci Davide , Demitri Nicola , Bacchi Alessia , Pelagatti Paolo
Published: June 2017

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are a wide class of crystalline porous polymers studied in many fields, ranging from catalysis to gas storage. In the past few years, MOFs have been studied for the encapsulation of organic or organometallic molecules and for the development of potential drug carriers. Here, we report on the study of two structurally-related mesoporous Cu-MOFs, namely PCN-6 and PCN-6′ (PCN stands for Porous Coordination Network), for nicotine trapping. Nicotine is a well-known alkaloid liquid molecule at room temperature, whose crystalline structure is still unknown. In this work, the loading process was monitored by electron ionization mass spectrometry by using a direct insertion probe (DIP-EI/MS), infrared (IR), and ultraviolet/visible (UV/VIS) analysis. Both nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis showed evidence that nicotine trapping reaches remarkable uptakes up to 40 wt %. In the case of PCN-6@nicotine, X-ray structural resolution revealed that the guest uptake is triggered by coordination of the pyridine ring of nicotine to the copper nuclei of the paddle-wheel units composing the framework of PCN-6.
Improved Gene Transfer with Functionalized Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles of Reduced Cytotoxicity
Authors: Zhan Zhengwen , Zhang Xiaoxu , Huang Jiayuan , Huang Ying , Huang Zhengwei , Pan Xin , Quan Guilan , Liu Hu , Wang Lili , Wu and Chuanbin
Published: June 2017

Gene therapy is a promising strategy for treatment of genetically caused diseases. Successful gene delivery requires an efficient carrier to transfer the desired gene into host cells. Recently, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) functionalized with 25 kD polyethyleneimine (PEI) were extensively used as gene delivery carriers. However, 25 kD PEI could significantly reduce the safety of the modified MSNs although it is efficient for intracellular delivery of nucleic acids. In addition, limited drug loading remains a challenge for conventional MSNs drug carriers. Hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) with high pore volume, tunable pore size, and excellent biocompatibility are attractive alternatives. To make them more efficient, a less toxic 1.8 kD PEI polymer was used to functionalize the HMSNs which have large pore size (~10 nm) and form PEI-HMSNs. Scanning and transmission electron microscopic images showed that HMSNs were spherical in shape and approximately 270 nm in diameter with uniform hollow nanostructures. The maximum loading capacity of green fluorescent protein labeled DNA (GFP-DNA) in PEI-HMSNs was found to be 37.98 mg/g. The loading capacity of PEI-HMSNs was nearly three-fold higher than those of PEI modified solid nanoparticles, indicating that both hollow and large pores contributed to the increase in DNA adsorption. The transfection of GFP-DNA plasmid loaded in PEI-HMSNs was increased two-fold in comparison to that of 25 kD PEI. MTT assays in Lovo cells showed that the cell viability was more than 85% when the concentration of PEI-HMSNs was 120 µg/mL, whereas the cell viability was less than 20% when the 25 kD PEI was used at the same concentration. These results indicated that PEI-HMSNs could be used as a delivery system for nucleic acids due to good biocompatibility, high gene loading capacity, and enhanced gene transfer efficiency.
Preparation and Characterization of Eco-Friendly Mg(OH)2/Lignin Hybrid Material and Its Use as a Functional Filler for Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
Authors: Klapiszewski Łukasz , Tomaszewska Jolanta , Skórczewska Katarzyna , Jesionowski Teofil
Published: June 2017

A functional magnesium hydroxide/lignin hybrid system was prepared by grinding and mixing the pure precursors using a planetary ball mill. In addition, the thermal stability was assessed based on the total mass loss of the hybrid system within the temperature range of 30–1000 °C, which amounted to 38%. Moreover, the average particle size was at 4.9 μm as determined by the laser diffraction method. The effect of addition of the prepared and characterized Mg(OH)2/lignin hybrid filler at concentrations ranging from 2.5 wt % to 10 wt % on the processing as well as mechanical and thermal properties of composites on the matrix of the unplasticized PVC compound was also evaluated. The addition of a filler to the poly(vinyl chloride) matrix causes a significant improvement of its thermal stability, which is approximately three times higher compared to a polymer without a filler. Furthermore, the prepared composites are additionally characterized by advantageous mechanical properties, especially higher Young’s modulus. A 10% increase in the oxygen index of PVC composites upon addition of 10 wt % hybrid fillers has also been observed, which contributes to an extended range of their application under conditions that require notable fire resistance.
Homo- and Copolymerizations of Ethylene and Norbornene Using Bis(β-ketoamino) Titanium Catalysts Containing Pyrazolone Rings
Authors: Pei Lixia , He San , Gao Jie , Liao Heng , Gao Haiyang
Published: June 2017

A series of bis(β-ketoamino) titanium complexes containing pyrazolone rings (1–3) have been synthesized, characterized, and used as precursors for homo- and copolymerization of ethylene and norbornene. The titanium complexes activated with methylaluminoxane (MAO) exhibited good activities for homopolymerization of ethylene (E) to produce linear polyethylenes (PEs). Ethylene–norbornene copolymers (E–N) were also prepared by these catalysts with moderate activities, and influences of ligand substituents and norbornene addition on copolymer microstructure were studied in detail. Microstructure analysis of the E–N copolymers by 13C NMR and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques showed that alternating (ENEN) and isolated (ENEE) norbornene predominately appeared in the copolymer chain, and the NN dyad and NNN triad sequences were also present in the copolymers obtained by the less bulky catalyst 1.
The Solar Neighborhood. XXXIX. Parallax Results from the CTIOPI and NOFS Programs: 50 New Members of the 25 parsec White Dwarf Sample
Authors: Subasavage John P. , Jao Wei-Chun , Henry Todd J. , Harris Hugh C. , Dahn Conard C. , Bergeron P. , Dufour P. , Dunlap Bart H. , Barlow Brad N. , Ianna Philip A. , Lépine Sébastien , Margheim Steven J.
Published: June 2017

We present 114 trigonometric parallaxes for 107 nearby white dwarf (WD) systems from both the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory Parallax Investigation (CTIOPI) and the U. S. Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station (NOFS) parallax programs. Of these, 76 parallaxes for 69 systems were measured by the CTIOPI program and 38 parallaxes for as many systems were measured by the NOFS program. A total of 50 systems are confirmed to be within the 25-pc horizon of interest. Coupled with a spectroscopic confirmation of a common proper-motion companion to a Hipparcos star within 25 pc as well as confirmation parallax determinations for two WD systems included in the recently released Tycho Gaia Astrometric Solution catalog, we add 53 new systems to the 25-pc WD sample—a 42% increase. Our sample presented here includes four strong candidate halo systems, a new metal-rich DAZ WD, a confirmation of a recently discovered nearby short-period (P = 2.85 hr) double degenerate, a WD with a new astrometric perturbation (long period, unconstrained with our data), and a new triple system where the WD companion main-sequence star has an astrometric perturbation (P ∼ 1.6 year).
L’architecture des décisions
Authors: Helie Thomas
Published: June 2017

Au début du mois de mars 1982, François Mitterrand annonce un programme ambitieux de grands travaux culturels, visant à jeter les bases d’une « nouvelle civilisation urbaine » ; un an plus tard, ce programme est remis en cause par la politique de rigueur engagée sous le gouvernement Mauroy. À partir d’un travail sur archives et d’une enquête par entretiens, cet article étudie le processus décisionnel atypique sur la base duquel ont été mis en œuvre les grands projets présidentiels, ainsi que les résistances institutionnelles qui apparaissent dans le contexte du « tournant de la rigueur ». L’analyse tente de montrer l’intérêt que présentent les grands travaux pour saisir l’institution présidentielle « en action ».
Portrait d’une écoféministe dans les Cévennes
Authors: Barbe Sylvie
Published: June 2017

Mon écoféminisme est directement enraciné dans mon style de vie expérimental, il évolue, s’affine et se radicalise au gré de mes expériences de femme, de ma réflexion, et par l’immersion constante en forêt où j’habite. Je partage ce vécu en offrant des séjours sur mon éco-lieu à des femmes en quête d’authenticité, j’organise des rencontres entre sœurs hors système, au plus près des besoins essentiels. Mon écoféminisme est donc plus un esprit qu’une pensée ou une idéologie, plus une pratique qu’une revendication.
Starhawk, écoféministe et altermondialiste
Authors: Querrien Anne
Published: June 2017

Starhawk a été une des militantes les plus visibles des ras-semblements altermondialistes face aux conférences des dirigeants mondiaux, et une des plus attentives à développer une non-violence active chez les participants. Cet article cherche à comprendre comment cette dimension politique s’articule avec l’insistance sur le souci de la nature des écoféministes.
Les Sorcières sont de retour
Authors: Gauthier Xavière , Carrer Danièle , Burgart Goutal Jeanne
Published: June 2017

Dans cet entretien, Xavière Gauthier, fondatrice de la revue Sorcières , revient avec sa sœur Danièle Carrer sur l’histoire méconnue de l’écoféminisme français des années 1980. Autour de cette revue, consacrée à la création littéraire et artistique des femmes, gravitaient plusieurs autrices engagées pour l’écologie et contre le nucléaire. Xavière Gauthier explique ici comment elles reliaient féminisme et écologie, domination des femmes et domination de la nature, objets d’une seule et même répression, celle de l’hyper-capitalisme, qui va jusqu’à désirer s’approprier le vivant. Nulle notion de magie ici, mais une mise en cause radicale des rapports de reproduction et de production.
Solidarité versus identification
Authors: Afeissa Hicham-Stéphane
Published: June 2017

Le débat entre l’écologie profonde et l’écoféminisme définit une constante dans le développement de ces deux courants de pensée. En resserrant notre attention autour des deux figures centrales de chacun de ces courants que furent Arne Naess et Val Plumwood, nous souhaiterions montrer que la proposition clé qu’avance cette dernière d’une solidarité politique avec la nature demande pour être comprise d’être située en relation polémique avec la thèse d’une identification entre humains et non humains défendue par le théoricien de la deep ecology .
Biopolitique du travail social
Authors: Puaud David
Published: June 2017

Le travail social est une activité éminemment ordinaire. Mais c’est également un ensemble de métiers liés à des activités professionnelles. Le secteur du travail social est soumis depuis plusieurs années à des remaniements drastiques notamment dus à la volonté de l’État de réduire la dette publique. Devenu une variable d’ajustement économique, le travail social se retrouve de manière contiguë confronté à la prolifération de dispositifs à tendance sécuritaire transformant ces derniers en intervention sociale.
Modèle ou repoussoir ?
Authors: Foucher-Dufoix Valérie , Dufoix Stéphane
Published: June 2017

La période de l’entre-deux-guerres en France est marquée par un véritable intérêt pour les États-Unis, intérêt qui se manifeste par la publication de récits de voyage, de romans, d’essais. Ces ouvrages et articles, parfois à fort tirage, donnent lieu à de vifs débats dans les revues et journaux. Si cet aspect a été peu étudié, la ville américaine occupe néanmoins une place importante dans ces écrits. Certains s’avèrent teintés d’une forte dimension critique, voire d’un anti-américanisme patent, lisant dans la ville américaine une forme inhumaine et machinisée alors que d’autres insistent sur la modernité de la métropole américaine et sur son caractère précurseur. Mais les descriptions de la ville américaine et de ses habitants laissent transparaître la vision d’une civilisation américaine distincte, opposée presque terme à terme à une civilisation européenne déjà fragilisée. La différence entre l’ancien et le nouveau monde devient peu à peu une menace, celle qui guette la civilisation européenne si elle ne parvient à défendre ses propres valeurs.
Aux origines du BERU
Authors: Prévot Maryvonne
Published: June 2017

Fondée sur la découverte puis l’exploitation de fonds d’archives publics et privés inédits, cette contribution éclaire d’abord les conditions de création du très influent Bureau d’études et de réalisations urbaines (BERU) à la fin des années cinquante, ses solides parrainages et leur signification, les trajectoires militantes et professionnelles de ses premières recrues et les mobilisations des réseaux, anglo-saxons compris, de Max Stern, son fondateur. Elle s’emploie ensuite à décrypter les influences intellectuelles et méthodologiques à l’œuvre au sein du BERU à ses débuts, à la croisée du planisme et de l’“ human engeneering ”. Enfin, si l’objet social du BERU fut bien de concourir, par des missions de conseil, d’études et d’assistance technique à la résolution des problèmes posés par la conception et la réalisation d’opérations d’urbanisme et d’aménagement d’envergure, c’est d’abord la question de l’habitat qui préoccupa ses créateurs. La volonté du BERU - partagée notamment par les jeunes architectes de l’Atelier de Montrouge (ATM) - de donner une dimension subjective et plus humaine à l’architecture et à l’urbanisme va trouver à s’exprimer dès ses premiers contrats de rénovation des centres-villes en Basse-Seine, où le « cœur de ville » est envisagé comme l’interface privilégiée entre l’individu et la communauté.
Quelle place royale pour Brest ?
Authors: Plouzennec Yvon
Published: June 2017

Apparue au début du XVII e siècle, la place royale devient rapidement un élément caractéristique de l’urbanisme d’Ancien Régime. Permettant à la fois d’embellir la cité et de glorifier le souverain, elle est intimement liée à la période historique de la monarchie absolue. Bien que Paris soit la mieux pourvue en la matière, le modèle de la place royale s’est également développé dans de nombreuses villes françaises jusque dans les dernières années du règne de Louis XVI. En 1786, le plan d’un projet de place royale à Brest, proposé par l’architecte parisien Claude Jean-Baptiste Jallier de Savault (1739-1806) est approuvé par le roi en son Conseil. Il ne sera pourtant jamais réalisé du fait des tensions politiques qu’il suscite. Ce désaveu immédiat du choix royal est une illustration des profondes crispations locales et provinciales qui se manifestent dans la cité du Ponant et en Bretagne à la fin de l’Ancien Régime.
L’harmonia mundana au xviie siècle. Les critiques de Marin Mersenne adressées au monocorde du monde de Robert Fludd
Authors: Basílico Brenda
Published: June 2017

Dans son Traité de l’harmonie universelle Marin Mersenne se concentre sur la représentation du monde de Robert Fludd. Dans cette représentation, la terre est un instrument de musique dont les cordes et les harmonies qu’elles produisent sont tempérées par la main de Dieu : le monde est un ordre mathématique et musical. Mersenne critique l’image de Fludd par ses inexactitudes scientifiques concernant les intervalles attribués aux différentes sphères de l’univers et par certains symboles que Mersenne considérait « impropres pour un chrétien », comme la représentation de Dieu à travers le Soleil. Mersenne critique donc cette image en tant que philosophe et apologète. Il refuse d’incorporer dans la représentation du cosmos des éléments propres de l’hermétisme de Fludd qui contribueraient non seulement à une conception et à une représentation erronée du monde mais aussi à un éloignement de la vérité chrétienne. Nous proposons un examen de cette critique avec trois objectifs principaux : saisir la portée religieuse et politique de l’analyse de Mersenne de cette représentation, décrire brièvement une image d’harmonie universelle proposée par Mersenne et identifier les éléments musicaux qui sont repris ou réappropriés par la cosmologie et la cosmographie en générale tout en considérant les enjeux politiques et religieux de ce moment historique. Ainsi nous prétendons contribuer d’une part avec une analyse dont le sujet est la musique dans ses projections multiples et d’autre part avec l’ouverture à la réflexion sur la façon dont elles convergent dans les conceptions du cosmos.
Advances in Cybernetics Provide a Foundation for the Future
Authors: Umpleby Stuart , Wu Xiao-hui , Hughes Elise
Published: June 2017

Interest in cybernetics declined in North America from the mid 1970s to 2010, as measured by the number of journal articles by North American authors, but increased in Europe and Asia. Since 2010 the number of books on cybernetics in English has increased significantly. Whereas the social science disciplines create descriptions based on either ideas, groups, events or variables, cybernetics provides a multi-disciplinary theory of social change that uses all four types of descriptions. Cyberneticians use models with three structures – regulation, self-organization and reflexivity. These models can be used to describe any systemic problem. Furthermore, cybernetics adds a third approach to philosophy of science. In addition to a normative or a sociological approach to knowledge, cybernetics adds a biological approach. One implication of the biological approach is additional emphasis on ethics.
First Principles Calculations of Graphene Doped with Al, P and Si Heteroatoms
Authors: Romero Maria Teresa , Avila Alvarado Yuliana , Garcia-Diaz Reyes , Garcia Carlos Rodriguez , Ochoa Valiente Raul , Cocoletzi Gregorio H.
Published: June 2017

In this work, studies of the doping effects on the electronic and structural properties of graphene were performed. Calculations have been done within the periodic density functional theory (DFT) as implemented in PWscf code of the Quantum Espresso Package. Graphene layers have been modeled using the 4x4 periodic supercells. The doping is explored considering phosphorus (P), aluminum (Al) and silicon (Si) heteroatoms. One heteroatom per supercell was considered. Electronic structure results show that the pristine graphene has a linear dispersion at high symmetry K point and zero gap. Band structure of graphene doped with Al atoms exhibit a metal behavior since a valence band crosses the Fermi level. Graphene doped with P also presents a metal behavior but in this case a conduction band crosses the Fermi level. In addition, when the dopant is Si the band structure shows a semiconductor behavior with a 0.3 eV gap. In all cases, the zero gap energy characteristic of graphene was changed by dopant heteroatom. The Dirac lineal dispersion relation is preserved only in the pristine graphene.
Historical fluctuations of lake shorelines based on geomorphological analysis in the vicinity of Rankin Inlet, Nunavut
Authors: Bellehumeur-Génier O , Oldenborger G A , LeBlanc A
-M
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this Open File is to provide information derived from the analysis of lake shorelines in the vicinity of Rankin Inlet, Nunavut. The analysis focused on three areas of interest located north of Rankin Inlet, with different surficial material
mosaics. A total of 220 lakes were digitized from air photos and satellite imagery using a geographical information system (GIS) for the period 1954 to 2014. Lake surface areas were computed using the digitized polygons. A visual assessment of the geomorphological dynamics of individual lakes was
undertaken to differentiate normal shoreline behavior from that potentially associated with thermokarst. Results showed that lakes in the areas of interest have experienced significant shoreline fluctuation as part of normal lake behavior. Despite the high degree of normal shoreline variability, the
geomorphological analysis revealed that certain lakes demonstrated abnormal increases or decreases in area, along with localized shoreline dynamics.
Subvisible cirrus clouds – a dynamical system approach
Authors: Spreitzer Elisa Johanna , Marschalik Manuel Patrik , Spichtinger Peter
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Ice clouds, so-called cirrus clouds, occur very frequently in the tropopause region. A special class are subvisible cirrus clouds with an optical depth lower than 0.03, associated with very low ice crystal number concentrations. The dominant pathway for the formation of these clouds is not known well. It is often assumed that heterogeneous nucleation on solid aerosol particles is the preferred mechanism although homogeneous freezing of aqueous solution droplets might be possible, since these clouds occur in the low-temperature regime T < 235 K. For investigating subvisible cirrus clouds as formed by homogeneous freezing we develop a reduced cloud model from first principles, which is close enough to complex models but is also simple enough for mathematical analysis. The model consists of a three-dimensional set of ordinary differential equations, and includes the relevant processes as ice nucleation, diffusional growth and sedimentation. We study the formation and evolution of subvisible cirrus clouds in the low-temperature regime as driven by slow vertical updraughts (0 < w ≤ 0. 05 m s−1). The model is integrated numerically and also investigated by means of theory of dynamical systems. We found two qualitatively different states for the long-term behaviour of subvisible cirrus clouds. The first state is a stable focus; i.e. the solution of the differential equations performs damped oscillations and asymptotically reaches a constant value as an equilibrium state. The second state is a limit cycle in phase space; i.e. the solution asymptotically approaches a one-dimensional attractor with purely oscillatory behaviour. The transition between the states is characterised by a Hopf bifurcation and is determined by two parameters – vertical updraught velocity and temperature. In both cases, the properties of the simulated clouds agree reasonably well with simulations from a more detailed model, with former analytical studies, and with observations of subvisible cirrus, respectively. The reduced model can also provide qualitative interpretations of simulations with a complex and more detailed model at states close to bifurcation qualitatively. The results indicate that homogeneous nucleation is a possible formation pathway for subvisible cirrus clouds. The results motivate a minimal model for subvisible cirrus clouds (SVCs), which might be used in future work for the development of parameterisations for coarse large-scale models, representing structures of clouds.
Fungal colonization of seeds of three lupine species in different regions of Poland
Authors: Pszczółkowska Agnieszka , Okorski Adam , Fordoński Gabriel , Prusiński Janusz , Faligowska Agnieszka , Borowska Magdalena
Published: June 2017

The health status of seeds of three lupine species (white lupine, narrow-leaved lupine, and yellow lupine) from different regions of Poland was investigated. Seeds were analyzed by microscopic method and PCR. The examined lupine seeds were colonized by saprotrophic fungi of the genera Alternaria, Cladosporium, and Penicillium, and pathogenic fungi of the genera Fusarium, Botrytis, Mycosphaerella, and Colletotrichum. The relative frequency (RF) of fungi detected on lupine seeds from the regions of Kujawy, Wielkopolska, Lower Silesia, and Warmia and Mazury was determined. The highest RF values of pathogenic fungi were noted in Lower Silesia in 2012 and 2013, and in Warmia and Mazury in 2011. The RF values of pathogenic and saprotrophic fungi on lupine seeds harvested in different regions of Poland were affected by weather conditions. PCR analyses revealed the presence of Tri genes in the seeds of narrow-leaved lupine. The analyzed seeds were relatively free of pathogenic fungi and could be used for sowing and feed production.
The Invisible Hand of Rent Seeking: Capitalism, Democracy, and the Budget Deficits
Authors: Hayakawa Hiroaki , P. Venieris Yannis
Published: June 2017

Historically, social and economic grievances resulted in sociopolitical instability, which served as a medium of institutional changes in the evolution of Western Europe toward a more inclusive regime. In today's democratic capitalism, however, a great many interest groups have burgeoned and acquired political power to seek their own interest at the expense of the welfare of the general public. Interest groups thrive on a tacit agreement with those members of the political body whose primary interest lies in their own aggrandizement. Such agreement inevitably leads to excessive claims on public resources, interferes with the market system by perpetuating rent in many sectors of the economy, erodes the moral values of trust and respect, and causes moral hazard among the legislators by undermining budgetary discipline. Moreover, the inevitable friction among the legislators often results in gridlock in public decision making. The democratic capitalism thus is losing on both ends: the market efficiency and political efficacy, with reduced prospect of economic growth. This paper attempts to explain these phenomena as a strategic equilibrium of the major players in the politico-economic arena.
Foliar and petiole anatomy of Pterygota (Sterculioideae; Malvaceae) species and their distribution in Nigeria
Authors: Chukwuma Emmanuel Chukwudi , Soyewo Luke Temitope , Okanlawon Tolulope Fisayo , Ugbogu Omokafe Alaba
Published: June 2017

Se estudió la anatomía foliar y del peciolo de especies de Pterygota de Nigeria, proveyendo información sobre su distribución en el área. Principalmente están distribuidas por el sur de Nigeria, especialmente en zonas más húmedas. Los microcaracteres foliares muestran que las especies son hiposteomátcas y generalmente paracíticas, más abundantes en P. berquaertii, con un promedio de 115/mm2, que en P. macrocarpa, con 59/mm². Las células epidérmicas son irregulares, rectangulares y poligonales. El peciolo esférico con epidermis uniseriada; la distribución celular varia desde solitarias a radiales múltiples. Este estudio ha proporcionado importante información sobre las especies indígenas. Son necesarios estudios posteriores para comprender grado y tiempo de evolución independiente de las especies en Nigeria.

Leaf and petiole anatomy of Pterygota species in Nigeria were studied and their distribution within the area is also reported, following outlined standard protocols. They are chiefly distributed in Southern Nigeria especially in wetter areas. Foliar micro-characters showed that the species are hypostomatic and generally paracytic, more abundant in P. berquaertii, with an average of 115/mm2, than in P. macrocarpa, where it is 59/mm2. Epidermal cells are irregular, rectangular and polygonal. Petiole spherical with uniseriate epidermis; cell distribution ranging from solitary to radial multiples. This study has provided valuable information about these indigenous species. Further systematic studies are vital to understand the number and timing of independent evolution of the species into Nigeria.
DESIGN OF BREAKWATERS
Authors: Kaplan Kenneth , Pape Henry E.
Published: June 2017

As the name implies, a breakwater is a barrier constructed to break up and disperse heavy seas, to shield the interior waters of a harbor from winds and waves, and to provide shelter and protection for ships, shipping facilities, and other harbor improvements. Breakwaters are structures used to improve a naturally protected (sheltered) harbor or to create a sheltered harbor at locations required for shipping, refuge, recreation, etc. Breakwaters may be roughly divided into two main groups, the vertical-wall type and the rubble-mound type. A possible third group, the composite type, consists of the wall-type placed upon a rubble-mound foundation. Since the experience of the San Francisco District, Corps of Engineers, has been limited to the construction of rubble-mound breakwaters and jetties in as much as practically all breakwaters on the Pacific Coast are of rubble-mound construction, the second half of this paper has been limited to the consideration of this type of structure. The first half of the paper discusses general subjects (choice of location and type of breakwater, etc.) relevant to both types. Until recently, the design and construction of breakwaters was largely an empirical "art" based mainly on the designer's observations of the performance of previously constructed breakwaters. Great latitude was given personal discretion and judgment, since those factors which might influence or standardize design were little understood.
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF JETTIES
Authors: Hickson R. E. , Rodolf F. W.
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this paper is to present a brief outline of the general engineering procedure for the siting and design of jetties and the methods of constructing such structures. After a general presentation of the formulae proposed by various engineers to determine the size and weight of individual pieces of stone or other material which should be used under various wave heights, this paper will be devoted principally to the construction of rubble stone jetties. This is the type principally used on the Pacific Coast of the United States.