bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Path Optimization of Automated Warehouse Based on Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Li Hao Ping , Fang Zi Fan , Wang Ying
Published: February 2011

Based on analysis of the cargo selecting strategy of fixed shelf automated warehouse, the idea of path optimization is put forward and the stacker path optimization method is studied. A mathematical model of stacker operation path optimization is built to minimize the length of operation path and the operation time. The model is solved by using the ant colony optimization method. Simulation shows that chosen stacker operation path by using the optimization model and optimization algorithm, can not only reduce energy consumption and warehouse operating costs, but also improve the efficiency of goods storage.
The Empirical Study on Relationship between Design-Manufacturing Integration and Manufacturing Performance of Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises
Authors: Chen Song , Tian Ye Zhuang
Published: February 2011

Nowadays, researchers’ study on DMI more focus on the influence of DMI to new products or new products development, Few focus on the influence to the manufacturing performance in manufacturing enterprises. Especially it lacks empirical research on how DMI’s various activities influence manufacturing performance and how interact on each other between them. Based on the theoretical analysis on DMI, this paper analyzes the correlations between horizontal organizational integration, design integration, technological integration and the relation between them and manufacturing performance, provides the hypothesis, and carries out the empirical research on 150 enterprises in china in 2009’s International Manufacturing Strategy Survey, it turned out that horizontal organizational integration, design integration between design and manufacturing departments have positive promoting effect on technological integration. Horizontal organizational integration, design integration and technological integration have positive promoting effect on manufacturing performance. Technological integration plays mediating effect between horizontal organizational integration and manufacturing performance. Technological integration plays mediating effect between design integration and manufacturing performance.
Research on 3D Reconstruction of the Facial Surface Reverse Engineering
Authors: Yang Jie , Zhao Lei
Published: February 2011

According to the surface integration of laser technology and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology (CAD & CAM), a method that is rebuilt surface of three-dimensional facial reconstruction has been explored. A laser scanning system is used to collect the 3D discrete point data of the facial model, which will be cut up by their characteristics and curvature in order to make a 3D face reconstruction. The maximum reconstructive error is 0.2174mm. Application results indicate that the proposed method is quite satisfactory for facial reconstructive surgery, rehabilitation design and plastic surgery.
Misoperation Study on Samsung VP－101 Digital Video Camcorder
Authors: Cheng Bin
Published: February 2011

Digital video camcorder is a kind of mechanical and electrical product that is easy to make misoperation. Chose green hand users as subjects.Then applied experiment method to study their misoperation manner in using Sangsumg VP－101 digital video camcorder. According to industrial design psychology and ergonomics theory , analysed experimental result. Firstly, through F testing of psychology statistics method, found that the major effective reason of misoperation was task difference which was relevant to interface and interacting means design factors, and individual difference of each subject had little effect on misoperation. Secondly, in terms of analysis on the relevance of interacting means design details and misoperation manner, found rational design reasons of misoperation. They were mismatching attribute of perception, mismatching attribute of touching size, lack of visuality. Thirdly, On the basis of statistics on subjects mood research, found that nervous and whiny mood were irrational factors affecting misoperation. The conclusion could be summarized as the three results mentioned above. Specific to this conclusion, discussed methods to deduce misoperation by building user task model, user mental model and green hand user mood model.
Torque Ripple Suppression of Brushless DC Motors with Non-Ideal Back EMF for EPS Applications
Authors: Zhang Xue Feng , Ji Xue Wu , Gao Feng
Published: February 2011

The torque ripple of brushless dc (BLDC) motors at low rotation speeds is prominent, while in the majority of working time of the automotive electric power steering (EPS) system, the steering rate is low and the assistant motor runs at low rotation speeds. Therefore, to develop a high-performance EPS system with a BLDC motor, the problem of torque ripple at low rotation speeds must be solved. Otherwise, the steering feel will not be smooth. This paper proposed an algorithm based on BLDC motors’ essential torque formula combined with the back-EMF (Electromotive Force) waveform coefficient to modify the target current to suppress the torque pulsation effectively. Meanwhile, the commutation process of this type motor is very short. Therefore, the torque coefficient can be regarded as constant during the commutation intervals. A direct pulse-width modulation (PWM) control method considering phase resistances is analyzed with a unipolar PWM scheme to reduce the commutation torque ripple further. Finally, simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of this method.
Energy-Based Optimum Pattern Development for Garment Industry
Authors: Fang Jing Jing , Ding Yu
Published: February 2011

Distortions are inevitable when flattening is applied to an irregular surface. This study presents a meshing energy model and evaluates the energy variation between the 3D designed surface and the 2D flattened pattern in order to minimize the energy that arises from the development process. Base on expert knowledge, constraint optimization methods are used to find the unique pattern in its minimum deformation. This method is applied via simulation to some garment examples. Taking design and manufacturing conditions into consideration, the designed garments are flattened into patterns which have the least energy and area variation from the 3D designs.
The Application of Fuzzy Modeling and PSO in Spaces Allocation of Naval Ship
Authors: Hu Yu Long , Huang Sheng , Hou Yuan Hang , Meng Xiang Yin , Wang Wen Quan , Wang Chao
Published: February 2011

A semi-automated general arrangement technique of naval ship is discussed, it approached by a series of two essentially two-dimensional problems: the allocation of spaces to Zone-decks (one deck within one vertical zone), after that, implement the detailed arrangement of spaces to each Zone-deck. In this context, fuzzy modeling is introduced for evaluating environmental loadings (noise, vibration and ship motion) and Naval Equipment Standards, and then these measures are translated to fuzzy utility values which express the satisfaction location of each group spaces. The fuzzy location preference values are combined with Zone-deck utilization utility to establish the objective function using fuzzy product inference. Lastly, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) is performed on the objective function to acquire the allocation plan of spaces in each Zone-deck.
Study on the Match of Ignition Coil with Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine
Authors: Liu Xing Hua , Fan Zhi Qiang , Lu Feng Jie
Published: February 2011

In the paper, by means of the method of directly measuring the discharge voltage and discharge current of ignition coil, the match between hydrogen internal combustion engine (HICE) and ignition coil is studied, and the experimental research of ignition coils’ charging and discharging characteristics is carried out which leads that more accurate discharge energy is obtained. The experimental results show that the ignition coil here meets the need of the ignition of HICE; the energy corresponding to the pulse width of 5ms is the maximum one the primary coil can store; with pulse width constant the oscillation of the voltage leads to different discharge durations; the larger the charge pulse width is, the lower the utilization of coils is.
Frequency Optimal Design Method and Application
Authors: Bi Shou Yi , Liang Xing Pei
Published: February 2011

A program for frequency optimal design of structure composed of bar, beam, plate is developed based on finite analysis system ZR[1] that finite element model, including mesh generation of truss element, beam element and plate element, is automatically generated. Because of integrated with three dimensional CAD, specification of boundary conditions and design variables can be finished based on the three dimensional CAD model, so user need not deal with nodal and element of finite model in the procedure of forming finite model and specifying mathematical problem for optimization. This paper introduces a new method how to insert the frequency sensitivity analysis process into the structural analysis program, integrate mathematical optimization method and design structure based frequency optimization. The program is applied to the optimal design of actual engineering. The results are acceptable.
The Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Microbus
Authors: Qi Xiao Ni , Meng Jian , Liu Yong Qi
Published: February 2011

This work is focused on the reduction of the aerodynamic resistance of a microbus. The approach is the three dimensional (3-D) numerical simulation. The RNG k–ε turbulence models are adopted in the computation. Based on the model of SC6350 Chang’an microbus and the improved rear shape, the aerodynamic characteristics of both models at different speeds are studied. Flow maps drawn on the basis of the computed results can offer a reliable method to study the flow field around a microbus. The computed results can give a reference for study of the aerodynamic resistance reduction on a microbus for energy saving. And the results of the optimized shape can provide a theoretical basis for the related research.
Study on Lightweight of the Engine Piston Based on Topology Optimization
Authors: Du Fa Rong , Tao Zhi
Published: February 2011

The topology optimization and analysis were studied on the area of piston pin boss for a high-speed gasoline engine based on the variable density topology optimization method. Firstly, the model of the variable density topology optimization was founded. Then, the topology optimization and topology deconstruction on the piston pin boss were carried out by using Hyper Works. In this process, the minimum mass of piston was pursued as an objective function and the displacements of specified nodes on the piston skirt were made as constraints. Based on the topology optimization, the piston configuration of curved rod frame was designed. The complex stress of the piston before and after optimization was calculated respectively by ANSYS. The calculation results indicate that the piston mass can be lightened by 30% through optimizing under the same level of maximal stress, with satisfying the strength requirements. Therefore, the aim of piston lightweight is achieved, and there is no stress concentration in the area of the optimizing piston pin boss, which is propitious to the deformation compatibility of the piston pin boss.
Special Purpose Five-Axis Machine Tool for Manufacturing a Precision Cam
Authors: She Chen Hua , Li Kai Sheng , Zheng Zhi Hao
Published: February 2011

Five-axis machining, an important processes in precision manufacturing, has been used in defense, aerospace and consumer product industries. Many combinations can be synthesized to generate various five-axis machine tool configurations, in which the linear and rotary axes are normally orthogonal. Since five-axis NC data can only be applied to a specific configuration, the portability of the NC data is inevitably limited. A special purpose five-axis machine with a nonorthogonal linear axis configuration is investigated in this research. The complete analytical equations for NC data are obtained using the homogeneous coordinate transformation matrix and inverse kinematics. A window-based postprocessor system written by Borland C++ Builder was developed according to the proposed algorithm. A roller gear cam was adopted as an example to generate the NC code using the proposed postprocessor system. A trail-cut experiment conducted with this special purpose machine tool confirms the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
A Hybrid Approach for Part Geometry Optimization through Engineering Simulation
Authors: Qiao Li Hong , Zia Ahmad , Cai Na
Published: February 2011

The scope of design optimization differs from one industry to another. In various situations, new part design is an instance of previously designed part i.e. it differs only in some dimension from the previous part. This can be due to change in functional parameters of the product, building part family or continual improvement in existing design etc. A hybrid approach for part geometry optimization of such parts is presented in this paper. It includes finding relationship between part geometric and functional parameters at assembly level. The designed part is simulated using finite element analysis (FEA) for validation and a set of feasible part geometry parameters along with their effect on objective function (functional parameters) are obtained through knowledge enabled design of experiments (DOE). The optimum solution is sought among them and validated through structural analysis of part / product. The process has been applied successfully in design optimization of electrode_holder in spot welding equipment for automotive industry.
Design and Development of New Auto-Detecting Platformfor Hoists of Suspended Access Platform
Authors: Sun Jia , Wu Yu Hou , Zhang Ke
Published: February 2011

A new detecting platform has been designed and developed to improve the performance of suspended access platform’s hoists in the paper. The new platform consists of a mechanical and control piece. The core control system is designed based on S7-200PLC and VB6.0; Computer is a superior machine and S7-200PLC is an inferior machine in the system; VB6.0 is used in the superior machine as the development platform. Testing data will be saved into Excel2000 by using VB's OLE automation technology; and in the VB environment, using OPC standard drive will complete real-time data communication between superior and inferior, also complete data processing at the same time. Therefore, Man-machine interface and reliable control system can be built. The inferior computer can achieve running and testing process control of hoists and collect the data of tension, vibration and temperature of hoists. The practical application of the platform shows that the system can well reduce the time costs and improve test results’ inaccurate of existing detection methods. The detection efficiency is improved; the labor intensity of operators and the running costs of produces are reduced, greatly.
Accurate Prediction of Die Face Coloring Rate for Short-Period Manufacturing of Automotive Drawing Dies
Authors: Yu Qiang , Miao De Hua , Cai Yu Jun , Men Chang Feng
Published: February 2011

In this paper, the thinning rate and die elastic deformation under large forming force are investigated by finite element simulation with experimental validation focused on the problem of coloring rate between die and panel in automotive die manufacturing. The study suggests that when the panel is formed, the thinning rate of panel has little influence on the coloring rate and the die elastic deformation under large forming force is the main influence factor. The definition of high contact pressure area is proposed by the comparison between the simulation and industrial experiment results. The definition greatly benefits the predication of die face coloring rate. The method that die face is compensated reasonably is also proposed. It can reduce the die polishing workloads obviously compared to the traditional method of die face equivalent offset. This paper has a guide for comprehensive understanding the influence factors of coloring rate and greatly reducing the die tryout period.
A Study on Data Flow Model of Web to Print
Authors: Liu Zhen , Liu Chang Xin , Yang Sheng Wei
Published: February 2011

As to the complexity data transmission and processing of web to print（W2P） system, The input and output of these data are analyzed and classified in this paper, based on the actual demand of ShangHai TongKun Digital Printing Enterprise, structure analysis method are used to construct the data model of W2P as a form of Data Flow Diagram(DFD), and then the single order’s business flow model are built with Uniform Model Language(UML). At last, both the two models are combined to illustrate the corresponding relationship in the data exchanges. This study is helpful to analyze data of W2P system and can decrease risk during software’s development.
Structure Design of Multi-Purpose Elevation Mechanism
Authors: Wang Ke She , Wang Dong
Published: February 2011

Now a days, high construction are growing up just as the bamboo shoots after rain.Earthquake,fire and other disasters are running into people's eyes because of group of deaths and wounds,it teaches people to pay more attention to self-help in an emergency,especially when they are at home in the air.My design can be used as automatic lift racks in peacetime,slow down device in an emergency.It can bring a resistance form against the movement which is caused by the gravity of people by compressing spring in it,lifting victims down to safe place slowly .
The Design of Movable Landslide Physical Model Testing Frame
Authors: Zhao Dai Peng , Wang Shi Mei , Tan Yun Zhi , Liu Xiao Ling
Published: February 2011

The small landslide physical model testing frame was designed and made in order to analyze the induction mechanism of landslide by rainfall and reservoir water level variation by adopting the physical model tests. It is consisted by exterior frame, internal body box, water supply and discharge pipelines, hoisting jacks and steel rollers. Some functions such as uniform sample preparation, confined effect reduction, lifting flexibility as well as water level change simulation and so on are realized through some design technologies like removable model frame, adjustable width, rotatable frame body ,mobile model frame and water supply and discharge pipeline and so on.
Analysis of Energy Factor Effectiveness in Air-Conditioning Refrigeration System
Authors: Wang Yan , Liu Guang Fu , Song Shou Xu , He Ping
Published: February 2011

This paper deals with the energy-saving product design involving the product energy property into design process. On the basis of the energy factors concepts, the paper analyzes the extraction process and energy effectiveness model of energy factors. To study the air-conditioning refrigeration system, the paper establishes the energy information model, recognizes the crucial and controllable energy element and extracts the energy factor set C = {compressor volumetric efficiency λ, motor efficiency ηd, power frequency fd, heat transfer performance coefficient φ, finned lateral general area Ao}. Then it makes a further decomposition of coupling energy factors λ, φ and finds out the corresponding design parameter. In the end, the paper maps the energy factors and design parameter into design process, establishes the energy effectiveness model and presents several measurers for decreasing the energy consumption during the actual use of air-conditioner.
Study on the Intelligent Creel of Advanced Carpet Loom
Authors: Guo Jing Zhe , Sun Jiu Wei , Zhang Fei Hu , Yang Xu Jian
Published: February 2011

The detailed design and development of the intelligent creel mechanical structure and control system is based on the research and analysis of specific operation and practical functions, which realizes its functions of intelligent analysis, right amount of supply and prompt storing. As the transmission of the carpet yarns from the storage unit to the loom, the intelligent creel is able to automatically make analysis of the usage amount of different yarns according to different orders, makes more reasonable supplies to the loom and prepares yarns before used up, which makes best use of the yarn and increases the production efficiency. Meanwhile, a lot of time and labor of replacing yarns is saved.
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation on Battery Electric Vehicle Dynamics and Energy Consumption Economy
Authors: Chen Ming , Guo Li Xin
Published: February 2011

This paper gives the evaluation method of the design scheme of power transmission system and builds the evaluation index system and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on the index of dynamic property and energy consumption economy of battery electric vehicle. And the evaluation index system and evaluation model can be used to provide basis for the decision of the design scheme.
Pneumatic Press Based on Toggle-Lever Force Amplifier
Authors: Wang Jin E , Cui Zhi Lei , Zhong Kang Min
Published: February 2011

Compared with hydraulic press, pneumatic press has many prominent advantages such as low energy consumption, no pollution to environment, fast speed and high efficiency etc. However, its critical disadvantage is that its pressure is much slower than that of the hydraulic system, which results in lower output force. An innovative pneumatic press driven by a new composite pneumatic-mechanical transmission mechanism is presented in this paper. With the aid of the force amplifier of two-step serial toggle-lever, the output force of the piston is amplified twice and the amplification factor can up to 20. Besides, two innovation design plans were discussed, namely, the single-cylinder-single-piston press and the single-cylinder-double-piston press. Moreover, the single-cylinder-double-piston press is remarkable in harmonious symmetry and technical performances.
A Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Method Based for 3D Mechanical Models Retrieval
Authors: Jing Hui , Li Cong , Kuang Bing , Huang Mei Fa , Liu Fu Yun
Published: February 2011

To accelerate the development of new product, one important method is to use the information of the existed products. In this paper, Fuzzy C-Means clustering method (FCM) is proposed to retrieve the desired model in the given model database. In the retrieval process, first, the shape distribution histograms of the model are established and transformed into the proper format of FCM. Then, the shape distribution histograms of the model are served as inputs of FCM and classified into several groups by this algorithm. Last, all the models that belong to the classification of the query model are returned as the retrieval results. To validate the proposed method, a case study is presented. The results show that the result of proposed method is better than that of Shape Distribution. Thus, this method is suitable for 3D mechanical models retrieval.
Research and Design of Transmission Rate Adaptive Control in Public Video Monitoring System
Authors: Mei Lu Hai , Jin Wen Bing
Published: February 2011

In order to solve the practical technology problems in the field of public video monitoring system engineering, in this paper, a real-time video transmission rate adaptive control programming in public video monitoring system is introduced. The system can monitor network congestion status according to the parameters such as network transmission time, transmission delay and data packet loss rate, and dynamically adjust the output rate of the video transmitter according to a certain algorithm of adaptive control of transmission rate, it has certain robustness, and improved the quality of video output. Experimental test results show that the contrast effect is better in reducing video packet loss rate, improving network bandwidth utilization or avoiding network congestion.
Equipment Design of the Ship Sewage Treatment
Authors: Zhang Xian Chao , Xu Jian Ping
Published: February 2011

A set of equipments for ship sewage treatment, which has been designed according to the characteristics of ship sewage with the advanced sewage treatment technique and the modern automatic control technique, makes ship sewage treatment miniaturized and automatized. The device takes biological method, + MBR Membrane Bioreactor, as the main treatment technique. After the reliability of the technique was justified through the simulation experiment, the mechanical structure of the equipment, including the detailed dimensions and relevant accessories, was designed according to the number of people. Besides, through PLC programmable controller the automatic operation and the automatic alarm have been achieved. As the result of the sewage treatment testing of the prototype, COD removal rate was above 92% , BOD5 removal rate above 98%, SS removal rate above 97%, the test value of heat-resistant Escherichia coli zero, totally meeting the IMO emission standards.
Intelligent Mapping of Semi-Structured Customer Needs for Web-Based Product Customization
Authors: Jing You Guo , Dan Bin , Peng Shuang , Guo Li Fei
Published: February 2011

This paper proposes an approach of mapping semi-structured customer needs (SCN) into precise functional requirements (PFR) for Web-based product customization by integrating fuzzy set theory. The mapping relationship between SCN and PFR is discussed. Then a framework of the SCN mapping is constructed; and the methodology of implementation is presented in detail. Finally, an example of Web-based customization of pedal motorcycles is employed to illustrate the proposed approach.
Investigation on Slider Structure Deformation and Crowning System of Large-Scale Press Brake
Authors: Li Heng , Liu Quan Kun , Qian Ling Yun , Han Yu
Published: February 2011

Improving the straightness accuracy of bending workpieces becomes an urgent problem for the development of bending equipment with large size and high precision. In order to obtain the characteristics of slider deformation, a three-dimensional finite element model was developed according to the mechanic characteristics of large-scale press brake and obtained the small deformation using FEM (finite element method). The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimentation. Then based on the simulation results we design a large-scale mechanical crowning system through which the press brake could be automatically compensated in the bend direction by means of a CNC (Computer Numerical Control)-powered motor and could also be compensated for local parts by adjusting the side screw nuts manually. The system has been successfully applied in production and its accuracy was increased 33% compared with the traditional ones. It is proved that the present investigation can provide a technical support and reliable system for the improvement of accuracy of the press brakes.
Tolerance Synthesis Modeling Based on Degree of Freedom of Geometric Variations of Features
Authors: Xu Ben Sheng , Wang Can , Huang Mei Fa
Published: February 2011

A tolerance synthesis model is established based on degree of freedom of geometric variations of features in this paper. The method allows a designer to analyze the relationship between geometric variations of features of a part and functional requirement of assembly (FRA). Firstly, tolerance is modeled with DOFs of geometric variations of features and the tolerance zone is expressed with six kinematic DOFs in three-dimensional (3D) space. Secondly, the stack-up of geometric variations of features is formulated as explicit tolerance analysis equations using kinematical coordinate systems associated with each feature. To express mathematically the relationship between given FRA values and the corresponding DOFs of geometric variations of features, the reverse synthesis equations are obtained using a matrix inversion scheme of the tolerance analysis equations. Finally, a case study is used to illustrate the proposed method.
Research and Application of Intelligent CAD Technology in R and D and Management of the Electric Equipment
Authors: Zhou Hong Gen , Tang Wen Cheng , Jing Xu Wen , Han Shuai
Published: February 2011

The paper chooses SolidWorks as the developing platform and Electric Equipment as object, researches into the principle of redevelopment by parameter-driving based on 3D feature modeling system of SolidWorks is introduced. Intelligent-CAD system is developed oriented to Electric Equipment by the parametrization structural design actuation technology, the manufacture characteristic automatic diagnosis and the extraction technology, the manufacture characteristic and the design resources, the design knowledge intelligence matching technique and so on. Through applies this system, we should develop the parametrization model of vise crucial element quickly, should extraction and memory components characteristic information and completion of the design features and design resources, design knowledge matching, and so on. The system should achieve to quickly finish product design, to shorten the development cycle and reduce product development costs.
Application of Six Sigma Method in Quality Improvement of Hard Alloy Gear Circular Saw Blades
Authors: Zhao Hui Zhen , Meng Li Li , Lu Chun Guang
Published: February 2011

According to the quality problems in one saw blade enterprise, six Sigma theory and method are used to improve the quality o f saw blades, and establish the 6σ DMAIC improvement model. Six sigma DMIAC procedures are applied to define the problems and set at target for improvement, the main quality are investigated， and measurement systems and process capability are evaluated. Then, we set a specific program for the improvements. At last, the project is successfully implemented, result shows that failure rate reduced to 0.3%, DPMO dropped below 160, and the process capability is improved largely.
The Design Technology of PDC Bit in The High Hardness and Abrasiveness Formation of Xishanyao
Authors: Wei Zhong Liang , Lin Hai Peng , Du Juan Juan , Pan Yue Yong
Published: February 2011

High hardness and abrasiveness, low ROP and seriously deviation are the features of Shanle block Xishanyao formation in Turpan-Hami Oilfield, whose lithology was conglomerate, glutenite, interbedded sandstone, large angle of bedding and many fractures. To enhance ROP at this high hardness and abrasive region, designing of PDC bit is introduced based on crown shape, blade, teeth, bit hydraulics and so on. The designed bit had a good performance in the test of Well He-3 at Shanle block.
The Features of the Integrated Multilayer-Wrapped High Pressure Vessel and its Fabrication Quality being Inspected by Hydrostatic Test
Authors: Song Peng Yun , Yong Yang , Zhong Wang , Yu Weng , Hu Ming Fu , Zhu Xiao Qin
Published: February 2011

The integrated multilayer-wrapped high pressure vessel is a special kind of multilayered pressure vessel whose circumferential weld seams are able to be in an offset pattern. The fabrication quality is assured by controlling the gaps of the layers. The tightness of the wrapped layers can be inspected by the hydrostatic test. The stress at the outer shell of a DN1400 urea synthetic reaction tower of the integrated multilayer-wrapped has been measured at the time of the hydrostatic test. The results show that the longitudinal stress is identical to that of the theoretical value, and the ratio of the measured circumferential stress to the theoretical calculated one of the corresponding solid shell vessel is more than 0.5 when the hydrostatic test pressure reaches the design pressure. The averaged ratio of the measured circumferential stress to the theoretical calculated one is 0.61 of the two measured sections at the hydrostatic test pressure of 20 MPa. The conclusions are: (1) the fabrication quality of the integrated multilayer-wrapped high pressure vessel are able to be assured, and (2) the tightness of the wrapped layers can be inspected by measuring the circumferential stress at outer shell, and compared to that of the theoretical value of the corresponding solid shell vessel, and (3) it is realizable that the circumferential stress at outer shell of the multilayer-wrapped vessel being not less than 50% of that of the theoretical calculated one of the corresponding solid shell vessel at the design pressure.
Research on Real Tooth Surface Deviation Correction of Spiral Bevel Gear Based on Truncated Singular Value Decomposition
Authors: Chen Shu Han , Yan Hong Zhi , He Shang Hong
Published: February 2011

According to structure of traditional milling machine, the tooth surface error identification model of forming processing spiral bevel gear is established by the 4×4 Denavit-Hartenberg homogeneous transformation matrix, the gear meshing theory and so on. In view of the present commonly used least squares method’s solution defects, the truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) and the L curve method are proposed to solve the identification model and the solution method accuracy was verified by the example and experiment. The results show that the gear concave average error is at 0.01498mm before correction, and the average error will drop down to 0.00084mm after using this method correction, and the error corrects 94.4%. The gear convex average error is at 0.00846mm before correction and the average error will drop down to 0.00176mm after using this method correction and the error corrects 79.2%.
On-Machine Illumination Technique in Industry Machine Vision
Authors: Wang Zhong Ren , Wu Yan Hua
Published: February 2011

On-machine illumination is a key technology in industry machine vision. In this paper, two on-machine illuminant schemes were introduced. Firstly, for vision measurement of large-scale workpiece, an adjustable LED lighting source was established on the worktable of NC milling machine. High-quality image sequence was acquired to guarantee the effect of image mosaicing. Secondly, for texture classification of machined surface, a kind of dome LED illuminant was set up on the lathe. Experiment results show that red light is appropriate selection for on-machine illumination. Moreover, the size and the shape of illuminant should suit for the situation of the machine tool and workpiece.
Design of the Proportional Feeding System of Raw Mill
Authors: Luo Bing Yang , Du Fan , Mo Yi Min
Published: February 2011

A raw mill’s production line is to grind the raw material mixed with limestone, clay and basalt of certain proportion; it decides the quality of the cement clinker. The production efficiency and quality can be promoted by precisely controlling the proportion of the three raw materials and feeding automatically. The system’s controller is S7-400, and the measurement is done by the rotor scale produced by SHENCK. The variable speed device (VSD) of the feeder was controlled by the flow through the PID controller to realize the precise proportion. Moreover, the proportion can be set and the feeding quantity, the producing process can be monitored by the position machine (Win CC), to achieve production automation.
Morphology and Formation Mechanism of Martensite in Steels with Different Carbon Content
Authors: Ji Yun Ping , Liu Zong Chang , Ren Hui Ping
Published: February 2011

0MnVTiNb, 12Cr1MoV, 20Cr2Ni4, 35CrMo, 40Cr, 42CrMo, 60Si2CrV and T8 steels and Fe-1.2C alloy were used to study the morphology and formation mechanism of martensite by metallographic microscope, QUANTA-400 environmental scanning electron microscope and JEM-2100 transmission electron microscope after they were austenized at different temperature and then quenched respectively. The results show that the martensite of low-carbon steel is lath martensite, the martensite of high-carbon steel is plate martensite, and the martensite of medium-carbon steel is the integrated microstructure of lath martensite and plate martensite. With the increase of carbon content, the morphology of martensite in steel evolves from lath shape to plate shape, the distribution of martensite slices changes from in parallel to with crossing angle, and the substructure evolves from high density dislocations and stacking faults to twin crystals. The martensite in steel can nucleate in the austenite crystal grain interior as well as along the austenite crystal grain boundary. It is proposed that the volumetric strain energy in martensite transformation is the essential reason of the different morphologies of martensite.
Quality Prediction Model Based on PCA-BP Neural Network for Tobacco Leaves Redrying Process
Authors: Yin Jian Kang , Chen Chang Hua , Li Jing Min , Zhang Fei , Yao Jin
Published: February 2011

Aiming to the problem that is very difficult to establish the mechanism model of quality for the process of tobacco leaves redrying, this paper proposes a quality prediction model based on principal component analysis (PCA) and improved back propagation (BP)neural network for tobacco leaves redrying process. Firstly, 12 input variables are confirmed by analyzing the factors on quality of tobacco leaves redrying process. Second, the methods of PCA is used to eliminate the correlation of original input layer data, in which 12 input variables are transformed into 6 uncorrelated indicators. Then, the quality prediction model based on improved BP neural network is established. Finally, a simulation experiment is conducted and the average prediction error is as low as 1.03%, the absolute error for forecasting is fluctuated in the range of 0.16% - 2.49%. The result indicates that the model is simpler and has higher stability for prediction, which can completely meet the actual requirements of the tobacco leaves redrying process.
Thermal Deformation Errors Compensation System of Machine Tools
Authors: Li Sheng , Yao Xin Hua , Fu Jian Zhong
Published: February 2011

This research presents a design of a thermal deformation errors compensation system for CNC machine tools which can compensate thermal deformation of Z-axis during the working time. The thermal deformation errors compensation system includes three instruments: displacement tester, temperature tester and thermal errors compensator. Displacement and temperature testers have been designed in the early researches, and the thermal errors compensator is designed in this research. The compensation process includes two parts, modeling part and compensation part. Modeling part focuses on making a model of thermal deformation, and compensation part focuses on using the model to compensate the thermal deformation of Z-axis during the working time.
Study on Meshing Characteristic and CAM Technology of Limacon Type Gears
Authors: Zhao Jia Li , Meng Peng Fei
Published: February 2011

According to the meshing principle of non-circular gears, the meshing characteristic and digital manufacturing technology of Limacon type gears is studied. Based on analyzing the parameterized modeling of pitch curve, transmission characteristics and convexity-concavity analysis on Limacon type gears, the transmission feasibility of this type gear is proved. Through tooth shape design, CAM calculation and analysis with example, and processing simulation, the validity and manufacturability of theoretical design method on this type gear is proved. The research results can provide more systemic theory basis for the design, manufacture, measure and application of Limacon type gears.
Theoretical Model of Wall Heat Transfer in Turbulent Flow
Authors: Zhang Wei Zheng , Liu Xiao , Xiang Chang Hu
Published: February 2011

The turbulent flow in the near-wall region affects the wall heat transfer dominantly. The farther it is from the wall, the less effect it has. So a two-step mechanism of the turbulent wall heat transfer is released: first, the energy is transferred to the outside of the viscous sub-layer by the rolling of the micro-eddy; secondly, the energy gets to the wall by conduction. Then, a theoretical model of wall heat transfer is developed with this concept. The constant in the model is confirmed by experiment and simulation of the transient turbulent heat transfer in pipe flow. Finally, the model is used to predict the local heat flux under different conditions, and the results agree well with the experimental results as well as the simulation results.
Kinematics Characteristic Analysis and Structural Parameter Optimization of Twist Beam Rear Suspension
Authors: Tang Ai Hua , Tian Jian Ping , Liu Xiao Xu
Published: February 2011

The multi-body dynamics analysis is an important method to analyze the movement and dynamics characteristics of a car in modern vehicle design process . The twist beam rear suspension which is for rear wheel steering was widely equipped on front engine rear wheel drive vehicles . The modeling of twist beam rear suspensions is always difficult to describe accurately for its unique structural behaviour . First of all , a non-linear method based on multi-body dynamics was used to establish the dynamics model of the twist beam rear suspension system by using the ADAMS/Car . Secondly, the kinematics analysis of the rear suspension was realized and the main suspension parameters (toe angle, camber angle and wheel base) were calculated by changing wheel travel by means of ADAMS/Car . Finally , the suspension was optimized . The result shows that integrative use of ADAMS/Car and ADAMS/Insight in the kinematics analysis and optimized design of the suspensions is rapidly and effectively to design vehicle suspensions .
Kinetics of Reduction Roasting of Hematite to Magnetite in Crude Niobium Concentrate under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Li Jie , Wang Lei , Li Bao Wei , Zhang Bang Wen
Published: February 2011

In this paper, the method of microwave reduction roasting was applied to investigate the heating and weight loss process from hematite to magnetite in crude niobium concentrate under the protection of argon. The kinetics of microwave reduction roasting of hematite in crude niobium concentrate were analyzed and calculated at the temperature range of 500°C ~850°C by way of non-isothermal thermogravimetry and isothermal gravimetric analysis. Results from this investigation demonstrated that the activation energy of microwave reduction roasting calculated by non-isothermal thermogravimetry was 26.5769kJ•mol-1, and the activation energy calculated by isothermal gravimetric analysis was 64.1203kJ•mol-1. Compared with the method of reduction roasting under resistance heating, the activation energy of microwave reduction roasting was small, and the reaction rate was fast.
Leaching Behaviour of Metals from a Sphalerite Concentrate in Sulfuric Acid-Oxygen System
Authors: Li Cun Xiong , Wei Chang , Xu Hong Sheng , Liao Ji Qiang , Deng Zhi Gan , Fan Gang
Published: February 2011

Leaching behaviors of zinc, copper, indium and iron from a sphalerite concentrate in sulfuric acid-oxygen system has been investigated in the present paper. Various parameters were studied including particle size, concentration of sulfuric acid, partial pressure of oxygen, leaching temperature, and leaching time. The experimental data indicated that under the typical plant conditions employed up to 99% zinc , 85% copper and 90% indium extraction were achieved. The mineralogical analysis of the residue showed that the main minerals are elemental sulphur, unreacted pyrite and quartz, the amount of sulphide sulphur oxidized to sulfur during leaching is 81%. This process provides an effective way for the extraction of zinc, copper and indium from sphalerite concentrate.
A NeuroEndocrine-Inspired Manufacturing System Using the Potential Field Concept
Authors: Zheng Kun , Tang Dun Bing , Gu Wen Bin
Published: February 2011

The manufacturing industry must have manufacturing systems that deal with the agile response to the appearance and changing conditions.As biological organisms are quite capable of adapting to environmental changes and stimulus, bio-inspired concepts have been recognized much suitable for adaptive manufacturing system control. This paper, therefore, proposes a NeuroEndocrine-Inspired Manufacturing System (NEIMS) using the potential field concept. The proposed NEIMS control architecture is inherited from neuro-control and hormone-regulation principles to agilely deal with the frequent occurrence of unexpected disturbances at the shop floor level. Hormone-regulation can impel system to be equilibrium through a potential field approach. From the cybernetics point of view, the control model of NEIMS has been described in detail. And a test bed has been set up to enable the NEIMS simulation.
Research and Application on Burden Movement Model for Bell-Less Top of BF
Authors: Fu Chang Liang , Wu Sheng Li , Xu Jian , Liu Cheng Song , Kou Ming Yin
Published: February 2011

The mathematical model of burden movement for bell-less top of BF is described in detail, and the model of burden movement on rotating chute is improved combined with collision of burden to chute and effect of coriolis force. The influence degree of charging parameters on coke main striking position and stock flow width is investigated though establishing burden model. The research shows that: The changing of coke main striking point position is obvious under increasing decline angle of chute and length of chute, and for the stock flow width, the effects of decline angle of chute and depth of stock line are most important.
Research on Influence Law of Fuel Structure for Low-FeO Sintering
Authors: Bian Miao Lian , Wu Sheng Li , Wang Qing Feng
Published: February 2011

Micro–sintering equipment was applied to simulate sintering process of iron ore. FeO content of sinter-samples under different fuel structures was measured, and then the effect of fuel structure on fluidity of liquid phase and strength of bonding phase were analyzed in this paper. The proper fuel structure was finally discussed under low FeO sintering condition. The results show that: when anthracite was adopted as partial substitution of coke breeze as part of solid fuel, FeO of sinter reduces and self-strength of bonding phase increases. Although fluidity of liquid phase reduces, the fluidity index it is still above 0.8, which can meet the liquid volume needed for sintering. When CDQ powder is used as part of solid fuel, FeO of sinter also reduces, but fluidity of liquid phase and self-strength of bonding phase reduce a little due to its low combustibility. Taking experimental results and practical production together into account, it can be concluded that proper fuel structure that meets low FeO sintering should be “70% coke+30% anthracite”.
Study on the Sorption of Rhenium by Anion Exchange Resin
Authors: Ma Hong Zhou , Lan Xin Zhe , Wang Yao Ning
Published: February 2011

Techniques are applied for the sorption of rhenium from the leaching solution of the fume of calcinating molybdenite concentrate by 201×7 strong base anion exchange resin. By analyzing the main ion from the leaching solution be pretreatmented, the 201×7 strong base anion exchange resin be used in experiment. The influencing factors on the sorption were investigated, with medium pH, the existing form of the ion in the solution and the pH are greatly related to the ion exchange capacity , the result show that the resin not only have higher adsorption rate of ReO4-, but also have higher separation factor of ReO4-and MoO42-when the leaching solution was pretreated pH at 9.0. The separation factor of ReO4-and MoO42-reached to 980.5. 5%NH4OH+9%NH4Cl solution is a effective desorption reagent for molybdenum, the desorption rate is 96% and nitric acid solution is a effective desorption reagent for rhenium on the loaded resin after desorpted the MoO42-,the desorption rate of ReO4-is 98%.