bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study of disability in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain
Authors: Chaudhari Prasad L. , Kale Sachin Y. , Kanade Gaurav , Singh Shikhar D. , Dhar Sanjay B. , Sharma Ajay
Published: August 2022

Background: Musculoskeletal impairment is the most common cause of chronic pain and subsequent disability world over. Yet their very few Indian studies on this subject. The aim of study was to assess the extent of disability in out-patients suffering from chronic musculoskeletal pain, to determine whether the disability varied with the age and sex of the patient, to assess any correlation between the intensity of pain and the extent of disability, and to evaluate whether the extent of disability depended upon the site, periodicity and duration of pain.

Methods: The 200 patients of chronic musculoskeletal pain were assessed for disability using the pain disability questionnaire (PDQ) and pain intensity using the numeric pain rating scale. The patients with mild, moderate and severe disability were compared using non parametric tests to assess the differences related to age, sex, pain intensity, site, duration and periodicity of pain.

Results: The 56% patients had mild, 41% had moderate while 3% patients reported severe disability. Disability was higher in patients in the younger age group, higher intensity of pain, heel pain and variable pain. In the regression analysis, pain intensity emerged as the sole predictor of disability.

Conclusions: We conclude that 56% patients had mild, 41% had moderate while 3% patients reported severe disability. Disability was higher in patients at the extremes of age, higher intensity of pain, and variable pain. Gender and pain duration did not have any significant association with disability.
O Papel da Dependência do Smartphone na explicação do Bem-estar e Estresse
Authors: Lopes Bruna De Jesus , Cerqueira Iara Sampaio , Moizéis Heloísa Bárbara Cunha , De Figueiredo Camilla Vieira
Published: August 2022

Objetivou-se conhecer a relação entre a dependência do smartphone, o estresse e o bem-estar subjetivo (BES), além de verificar se a dependência poderia explicar essas variáveis. Para tanto, contou-se com uma amostra de 250 universitários (M = 24,45 anos; DP = 14,65), os quais responderam a Escala de Dependência de Smartphone, a Escala de Estresse Percebido, a Escala de Bem-Estar Subjetivo e questões sociodemográficas. Os resultados apontaram relações significativas entre dependência do smartphone e as dimensões do BES. Especificamente, uma correlação positiva com afetos negativos (r = 0,35; p < 0,01) e correlações negativas com afetos positivos (r = -0,33; p < 0,01) e satisfação com a vida (r = -0,33; p < 0,01). Em relação ao estresse, a dependência se relacionou positivamente (r = 0,48; p < 0,01). Observou-se ainda que esta variável explicou negativamente os afetos positivos (β = -0,33; p < 0,001) e a satisfação com a vida (β = -0,33; p < 0,001), além de predizer positivamente os afetos negativos (β = 0,35; p < 0,001). Sobre o estresse, verificou-se que a dependência também o predisse (β = 0,48; p < 0,001). A discussão se concentra nos impactos psicossociais da nomofobia.
Machine Learning e Processos Diagnósticos com Avaliação Neuropsicológica: Uma Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Biermann Mariana Costa , Arruda Clara Monte , Holanda Leonardo Carneiro
Published: August 2022

Este estudo objetivou realizar uma revisão integrativa acerca do uso de machine learning como ferramenta auxiliar no processo diagnóstico em casos com avaliação neuropsicológica. Para tanto, conduziu-se uma busca por artigos publicados na última década e indexados nas bases de dados SciELO, PePsic, LILACS, BVS, PubMed, MedLine, APA PsycNET e Science Direct, utilizando tanto os termos em português “machine learning” AND “avaliação neuropsicológica” AND “diagnóstico” quanto em inglês “machine learning” AND “neuropsychological assessment” AND “diagnosis”. A amostra final contou com 31 artigos publicados apenas língua inglesa. Os estudos analisados demonstraram a adequada identificação de distintos diagnósticos mesmo com base em diferenciações sutis. Os algoritmos utilizados consideraram informações decorrentes de testes psicométricos, de neuroimagens, de histórico clínico e familiar, assim como exames que contemplassem biomarcadores fisiológicos e, em alguns casos, genéticos. Apesar da ampla literatura internacional e dos avanços aprofundados dos estudos na temática abordada, destaca-se a escassez de publicações no Brasil e o impacto dessa lacuna científica no desenvolvimento da neuropsicologia e dos processos diagnósticos no contexto brasileiro.
Using Artificial Intelligence in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Authors: Özsezer Gözde , Mermer Gülengül
Published: August 2022

Artificial intelligence applications are known to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 infection. This research was conducted to investigate and systematically review the studies published on the use of artificial intelligence in the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was conducted between April 25 and May 6, 2020 by scanning national and international studies accessed in "Web of Science, Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Scopus" databases with the keywords ("Coronavirus" or "COVID-19") and ("artificial intelligence" or "deep learning" or "machine learning"). As a result of the scanning process, 1495 (Google Scholar: 1400, Pubmed: 58, Scopus: 30, WOS: 7) studies were accessed. The studies were first examined according to their titles, and 1385 studies, which were not related to the research topic, were not included in the scope of the research. 50 articles, which did not meet the inclusion criteria, were excluded. The abstract and complete texts of the remaining 60 studies were scanned for the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 10 studies, consisting of reviews, letters to the editor, meta-analysis studies, animal studies, conference presentations, studies not related to COVID-19, and incomplete studying protocols, were excluded. There were 50 studies left. 9 articles with duplication were identified and excluded. The remaining 41 studies were examined in detail. A total of 26 studies were found to meet the criteria for the systematic review study. In this systematic review, AI applications were found to be effective in COVID-19 diagnosis, classification, epidemiological estimates, mode of transmission, distribution, the density of lesions, case increase estimation, mortality/mortality risk, and early scans.
Expression of Cyclin D1 in Colorectal Cancer and Its Association With Clinicopathologic Parameters in Patients Underwent Colectomy
Authors: Moradi Chaleshtori Maryam , Kheradmand Parvin , Ranjbari Nastaran , Taheri-Moghadam Mahin
Published: August 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is common cancer with a high mortality rate worldwide. Cyclin D1 is a gene that regulates cell cycle passage from stage G1 to S (G1/S checkpoint) and has recently been linked to the prognosis of a variety of cancers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of cyclin D1 in colorectal cancers and its relationship with clinicopathologic factors. In this retrospective study, paraffin blocks of tumors of consecutive CRC patients registered in the histopathology laboratory of hospitals affiliated with Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences were used. Patients' clinicopathologic findings were extracted from their files, and using paraffin blocks, specific staining for cyclin D1 was performed using the immunohistochemistry method. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. In terms of staining, 11 samples (28.9%) scored 4, 11 samples (28.9%) scored 3, 8 samples (1/21%) scored 2, 3 samples (7.9%) scored 1, and 5 samples (2/13٪) scored zero. Staining intensity was severe in 10 cases (26.3%), moderate in 14 cases (36.8%), mild in 8 cases (21.1%), and negative in 6 cases (15.8%). The severity and extent of staining had no significant relationship with sex, age, tumor location, degree of differentiation (grade), depth of invasion, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and vascular and perineural invasion (P>0.05). Despite the high expression of cyclin D1 in colorectal carcinoma, no significant relationship was observed between its expression and prognostic factors, which is probably due to the small sample size.
Effects of Remdesivir on In-Hospital and Late Outcomes of Patients With Confirmed or Clinically Suspected COVID-19: A Propensity Score-Matched Study
Authors: Hadadi Azar , Ajam Ali , Montazeri Mahnaz , Kafan Samira , Veisizadeh Abdolazim , Ghoghaei Morteza , Kazemian Sina , Ahmadi Arezoo , Majidi Fazeleh , Moghadasi Maryam , Kashani Mehdi , Ghasemi Faezeh , Pazoki Marzieh
Published: August 2022

Remdesivir, an antiviral medication, became an early promising therapeutic candidate for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to its ability to inhibit the virus in vitro. Current evidence about remdesivir treatment has been very controversial, so we aim to evaluate remdesivir to improve our knowledge about COVID-19 management and its long-term effects. In this retrospective cohort study using registered data derived from the Sina Hospital COVID-19 Registry with a 9-month follow-up, we enrolled patients receiving remdesivir and then matched a "control group" which did not receive remdesivir based on age, gender, and severity using propensity score matching. We used multivariant Cox regression to evaluate the remdesivir effect on patients' 9-month and in-hospital survival. We enrolled 227 patients, 116 in remdesivir and 111 in the control group. 213(93.8%) patients developed the severe disease, 88(38.8%) died during the 9-month follow-up, and 84(37.0%) died during hospitalization. In multivariate analysis, remdesivir did not affect the 9-month all-cause mortality and in-hospital mortality. Remdesivir was associated with increased in-hospital survival only in severe patients with diabetes (HR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.14-0.75; P:0.008), and there was a trend for better 9-month survival in severe patients with diabetes (HR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.20-1.09; P:0.080). We concluded that remdesivir treatment did not increase the 9-month survival rate either in patients with COVID-19 or patients with severe disease and underlying diseases. On the other hand, we found that remdesivir treatment could increase in-hospital survival only in patients with severe COVID-19 and a history of diabetes mellitus.
Investigation of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Genes (L1 and NDM1) in Isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Authors: Izadi Amoli Rabeeh , Nowroozi Jamileh
Published: August 2022

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is resistant to a wide range of antibiotics. This study aimed to investigate the beta-lactamase, ESBL, and MBL enzymes and also L1and NDM1 genes in isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Antibiotic susceptibility test, beta-lactamase, ESBL, and MBL test were done on 23 isolated Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The presence of L1 and NDM1 genes was investigated on isolated MBL bacteria by the PCR method. The results showed the most effective antibiotics were tigecycline and gentamicin (100%), and the highest resistance was observed with aztreonam (56.22%). 39.13% of isolates were ESBL, 82.66% of isolates were beta-lactamase positive, and 60.86% of isolates were Metallo-beta-lactamase positive. 39.13% of MBL-positive isolates were positive for the L1 gene, but the NDM1 gene was not seen. Results of this study showed higher resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics also the presence of the l1 gene. ESBL and MBL producing S. maltophilia are frequently resistant to a wide range of antibiotics. Therefore, needs to be done antibiotics sensitivity tests, ESBL, and MBL tests before treatment for this bacterium.
Prenatal and clinical characteristics of pregnant women infected with COVID-19 in Yazd, Iran: A multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Sadat Tabatabai Razieh , Asadi Leila , Mohammadi Maryam , Rahmani Mina , Rezaeian Elahe , Ghasemi Fatemeh , Javad Tarahi Mohammad
Published: August 2022

Background: Coronavirus infection has caused widespread concern among mothers and physicians about the health of pregnant women and infants.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and prenatal findings of pregnant women with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) virus.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive study that was conducted in 6 mother and child care centers. In this study, 81 pregnant women with COVID-19 admitted to centers in the period from March 2020-September 2020 were studied. Clinical and prenatal findings of the pregnant mothers were recorded using a data collection form with details of demographic characteristics and these were analyzed.
Results: The gestational age of the affected women was between 4 and 40 wk. 48 deliveries were performed and 25% of deliveries were preterm. Coronavirus infection was the cause of termination of pregnancy in 4 cases. The most common symptoms of women when visiting the medical centers were: dry cough (58.0%), muscle pain and myalgia (56.8%) and fever (51.9%). The most common laboratory findings in the women were: increased C-reactive protein (67.90%), lymphopenia (18.51%), decreased white blood cells (27.16%), and increased liver enzymes (18.51%). Regarding the status of the newborns, out of the 33 neonates examined, 3 neonates were diagnosed with COVID-19.
Conclusion: The most common symptoms of pregnant women with COVID-19 are similar to those of other adults. In relation to neonatal infection, given that a number of the neonates tested positive, there appears to be evidence of vertical transmission, which requires further investigation.
Key words: Coronavirus, COVID-19, Pregnancy, Clinical, Prenatal.
Effect of resistance training with and without vitamin D calcium chitosan nanoparticle supplements on apoptosis markers in ovariectomized rats: An experimental study
Authors: Dehghan-Manshadi Mahsa , Azarbayjani Mohammad-Ali , Atashak Sirvan , Peeri Maghsoud , Rahmati- Ahmadabad Saleh
Published: August 2022

Background: Hormone therapy is one of the most effective treatments for menopausal disorders, but it may increase the risk of breast cancer, coronary heart disease, and pulmonary embolism.
Objective: The present study investigated the effect of resistance training with and without vitamin D calcium (Ca++) chitosan nanoparticles on apoptosis markers in ovariectomized rats.
Materials and Methods: 42 female Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups (n = 6/each). One group was assigned as the healthy controls to show the induction of menopause. The other 6 groups comprised ovariectomized (OVX) animals including: 1) vitamin D + calcium + chitosan + resistance training, 2) saline + estrogen + resistance training, 3) saline + resistance training, 4) vitamin D + calcium + chitosan, 5) saline + estrogen, and 6) OVX + control. 48 hr after the last intervention, the hippocampus tissue was extracted to measure the BCL-2-associated X (BAX), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), and caspase-3 gene expression as well as the percentage of dead cells.
Results: OVX rats demonstrated increased BAX gene expression, ratio of BAX gene expression to BCL-2, caspase-3 gene expression, and percentage of dead cells of hippocampal tissue, but decreased BCL-2 gene expression. Resistance training and vitamin D Ca++ chitosan nanoparticle supplements seemed to reverse these changes.
Conclusion: The combination of resistance training and vitamin D Ca++ chitosan nanoparticle supplements may be considered a non-pharmacological treatment for OVX-induced apoptosis.
Key words: Apoptosis, BCL-2-associated X protein, Caspase-3, Estrogen replacement therapy, Hormone replacement therapy.
Chronic scrotal heat stress causes testicular interstitial inflammation and fibrosis: An experimental study in mice
Authors: Nguyen-Thanh Tung , Dang-Van Phuoc , Dang- Ngoc Phuc , Kim Won , Le-Minh Tam , Nguyen-Vu Quoc-Huy
Published: August 2022

Background: Chronic heat stress is a risk factor that adversely affects the reproduction system. Inflammation and fibrosis are 2 important response processes to damaged tissues.
Objective: This study investigates the association of chronic scrotal heat stress with testicular interstitial inflammation and fibrosis in mice.
Materials and Methods: For all experiments, 8-10 wk old male Swiss mice (Mus musculus) (20-23 gr) were divided into 3 groups (n = 10/each). The heat-stress groups were submerged in a water bath at 37°C and 40°C, while the control group was treated at 25°C. The testicular tissues underwent hematoxylin and eosin staining, picro sirius red staining, and immunohistochemistry for intercellular adhesion molecule-1, fibroblast-specific protein 1, F4/80, collagen I, and Ki-67 staining to determine the testicular interstitial inflammation and fibrosis.
Results: Chronic scrotal heat stress impairs spermatogenesis and reverses testicular histological structure. In this study, heat stress significantly induced increased interstitial cell proliferation and upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in the interstitial testicular tissue. In the interstitial testicular tissue, the number of F4/80-positive macrophages and the number of fibroblast-specific protein 1- positive fibroblasts were significantly increased in the heat-exposed groups compared to those in the control group. The heat exposed groups had substantially increased extracellular matrix collagen accumulation in their testicular interstitial tissues.
Conclusion: Heat stress adversely affects the testicular structure and spermatogenesis, causes inflammation, and leads to testicular interstitial fibrosis.
Key words: Heat stress, Testicular, Inflammation, Fibrosis.
Functionalization of Bacterial Cellulose With Bacterial Pigments: Optimization Using a Full Factorial Design Approach
Authors: Amorim Lúcia , Fangueiro Raul , Gouveia Isabel
Published: August 2022

Pigments from natural sources, such as bacterial pigments, have gained increased attention in recent years due to their biodegradability, non-toxicity, and noncarcinogenicity. The intention to replace synthetic and oil-derived compounds is not restricted to synthetic dyes; other applications include the replacement of oilderived polymers for more environmentally friendly options, such as biopolymers. In this work, the functionalization of a bacterial cellulose (BC) biopolymer with bacterial pigments was explored using a full factorial design methodology to evaluate the best functionalization conditions to produce colored BC. From the factors and interactions evaluated, it was possible to conclude that the variable duration of the functionalization procedure could be reduced to a low level without significantly affecting the functionalization of the BC samples with bacterial pigments. Moreover, BC is a product with high industrial applicability, versatility, and sustainability. Hence, the multifunctional colored BC can be applied in the packaging, paper, and textile industries, among others.
Keywords: bacterial pigments, bacterial cellulose, full-factorial design, optimization
Opportunities for Microalgae-Bacteria Consortium Application to the Treatment of Effluents Generated in Fiber-Waste-Based Recycling Processes
Authors: Sátiro Josivaldo , Leitão Sanderson , Gomes Arlindo , Simões Rogério , Albuquerque António
Published: August 2022

Technologies based on microalgae-bacteria seem to be sustainable options for wastewater treatment and reuse, with lower costs than conventional biological treatment technologies. Furthermore, they can generate added-value products produced from algae biomass. Among other advantages, the consortium bacteriaalgae produce photosynthetic oxygen through the microalgae, which can be used by aerobic bacteria for oxidizing organic matter and nitrogen, thus reducing the need for introducing artificial oxygen. In this review paper, the main systems that use microalgaebacteria consortium are discussed. Microalgae-bacteria present advantages in the removal of organics, nitrogen and phosphorus, when compared with conventional biological treatment systems (e.g., activated sludge, percolating filters and ponds), and are able to produce final effluents for reuse (e.g., in agricultural irrigation, industry or aquifer recharge) and excess of microalgae that can be converted to added-value products such as biogas and biofuels. Attention is given to the innovative aspects of applying photobioreators to the treatment and reuse of pulp and paper effluents and fiber-waste-based recycling wastewaters, which seems to open a new opportunity for the pulp, paper and recycling paper industries.
Keywords: fiber-waste-based industry, microalgae-bacteria consortium, removal of nutrients, wastewater treatment
Dynamic Penetration Profile of Starch Betainate, Pluronics and PCC Coated Papers
Authors: Sharma Mohit , Aguado Roberto , Valente Artur , Murtinho Dina , Ferreira Paulo
Published: August 2022

Despite changes in optical and printing properties, the applied coating components on the paper surface have a significant impact on the surface chemistry of office paper. Depending on the use, such as ink penetration for printing and writing papers, an optimal hydrophobic and hydrophilic balance may be beneficial. In this study, several coating components including starch betainate, Pluronics, and precipitated calcium carbonate were employed to coat base paper (paper without any surface treatment). The influence of these components on water penetration was investigated using dynamic penetration. When compared to native starch coated papers, paper coated with starch betainate (a cationic starch ester) showed reduction in hydrophobicity and increased water penetration. Moreover, this effect was further enhanced with the use of Pluronics. Likewise, hydrophobicity decreased as the concentration of starch betainate, precipitated calcium carbonate and Pluronics increased. Furthermore, water penetrated even more quickly when the combination of these components compared with the individual component coatings.
Keywords: hydrophobicity, PCC, Pluronics, starch betainate, water penetration
Control biomédico del entrenamiento deportivo
Authors:   Indeportes Antioquia,   Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
Published: August 2022

Este libro es el resultado del trabajo conjunto de las diferentes áreas del conocimiento en la Oficina de Medicina Deportiva de Indeportes Antioquia, como aporte al proceso de apoyo del deporte asociado en el departamento. El objeto de la publicación se enfoca en la salud del deportista y en cómo su entrenamiento modifica las respuestas del organismo a las cargas recibidas, para permitir un mejor rendimiento en el tiempo. Este texto hace parte de los productos de extensión a la comunidad. La obra será de gran ayuda a los profesionales que se forman en los diferentes postgrados relacionados con el deporte que se ofrecen en las universidades colombianas, y también a aquellos que laboran en clubes y organizaciones deportivas, para lograr una visión más real de lo que se debe hacer en le control del entrenamiento de una serie importante de modalidades deportivas que incursionan cada vez más en los ámbitos nacional e internacional en nombre de Antioquia.
Socialist Realism: An Instrument of Class Struggle in Ukrainian Fine Arts and Architecture
Authors: Rohotchenko Oleksii , Zuziak Tetiana , Markovskyi Andrii , Lagutenko Olga , Marushchak Oksana
Published: August 2022

The article contains the conceptual vision of socialist realism as one of the key characteristics of art, transformed in the postmodern cultural era. Social realism is a cultural manifestation of the historical development of Soviet republics, including the Ukrainian SSR. The essence of socialist realism is seen as a manifestation of ideology in the Soviet conditions. Besides, the article considers the phenomenon in the context of postmodernism, relying on the findings of various scholars, and describes the interaction between postmodernism and socialist realism. Despite the general view that postmodernism (literally “coming after modernism”) emerged in the United States and Western Europe in the 1960s-1970s, there could be another way this movement evolved in fine art and architecture. The fact that the artists from the post-Soviet space managed to adapt to the global cultural field of postmodernism so swiftly proves that the totalitarian system failed to eliminate the plurality of opinions. A post-Soviet variant of postmodernism was largely defined by the influence of socialist realism. The recently proclaimed era of post-truth that allegedly started after the new millennium produced fascinating political and artistic experiments in the post-Soviet space. Hence, it would be logical to assume that some previously developed mechanisms were activated there. Post-truth as an instrument of politics in that sense resonates with the socialist realism used as an instrument of class struggle. Research methods include description, synthesis and analysis.
Postmodernism and the Perspectives of University Education
Authors: Vakhovskyi Leonid , Babichev Oleksandr , Ivchenko Tetiana
Published: August 2022

The article reveals the use of postmodernism as a style of thinking and a special view of contemporaneity as an interpretive basis for understanding present-day university education and understanding the prospects for its development in new conditions. The emphasis is based on three characteristics of the postmodern paradigm: change in the status of knowledge in society; non-structural, non-linear way of organizing integrity, excluding rigid centralization, orderliness and symmetry; a special model of contemporaneity, which does not allow the imposition of life guidelines and values on a person.
It is shown that the situation of postmodernism has led to new phenomena in university education, which have changed the traditional status and mission of the university. There was a tendency towards the mass character of university education, which, by expanding accessibility, contributed to a decrease in its quality. The change in the status of knowledge in society has led to the commercialization of education, which puts on threat the academic freedom and autonomy of the university, which becomes dependent on the “order” for educational services. Teaching strategies and educational strategies of students are changing; the level of their interconnection and interdependence is decreasing.
It is noted that the modernization of higher education determines the formation of a new university – the university at risk and actualizes the task of predicting systematically emerging risks and dangers and developing measures to level or limit their negative impacts.
Virtual Teaching: Arabic language Teachers' Perspectives on Online Virtual Classroom Effectiveness During and Beyond COVID-19
Authors: Bin Mohammed Al-Subaie Abdullah
Published: August 2022

The aim was to investigate and assess the acceptance of virtual classes among Arabic language student teachers during and beyond covid-19. Quantitative research is carried out with the aim to assess the acceptance of virtual classes among Arabic language student teachers during and beyond covid-19. It uses a survey-based methodology to obtain data from the respondents. An online questionnaire was used to collect data via Facebook and WhatsApp groups. 450 questionnaire responses were received. They were 300 males (66.6%), and 150 females (33.4%). Results indicated that the student behavioral intention to use educational technology is positively affected by perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use. PU, PEOU yielded a coefficient of multiple regression (R) of 0. 450 and a multiple correlation square of 0. 435. This shows that 43.5% of the total variance in student behavioral intention to use educational technology is accounted for by the combination of PU, PEOU. Efforts to integrate educational technology into teacher education and Arabic language student teachers education programs are necessary.
EDUCAÇÃO PARA O RISCO: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA COMPLEXIDADE, DA REFLEXIVIDADE E DAS PRODUÇÕES SOCIOAMBIENTAIS
Authors: Carvalho Fernanda , David Luis , Santos Carla , Masaharu Fabricio , Cuzziol Gabriel , Ribeiro Thiago , Chierecci Ricardo , Watanabe Giselle
Published: August 2022

Os riscos referem-se a um conjunto de situações que nos afetam, sejam eles cotidianos ou mais globais. Para promover uma formação mais crítica e complexa, capaz de lidar com essas incertezas, nos parece essencial delinear um conjunto de parâmetros que definem uma Educação para o Risco. Para isso, esse artigo propõe investigar as principais ideias trazidas pelas pesquisas sobre Educação Ambiental, incluindo alguns referenciais teóricos da complexidade e reflexividade. Metodologicamente, identificam-se (i) os pressupostos teóricos da complexidade e reflexividade que contribuem para definir uma Educação para o Risco; e  (ii) aspectos nos trabalhos sobre Educação Ambiental da área que contribuem para definir uma Educação para o Risco. Para essa análise toma-se como referência os pressupostos da Análise Textual Discursiva. Dos resultados, nota-se a quase ausência de uma discussão explícita sobre o risco pelos pesquisadores da área; no entanto, é possível identificar alguns aspectos que podem delinear o conceito tais como a diferenciação entre Educação Ambiental e Educação para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável; aproximações envolvendo aspectos da complexidade, do decrescimento, e da reflexividade.
Case report of surgical treatment of capillary hemangioma of middle ear
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Dvoryanchikov V. V. , Kuzenkova A. I. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia, Golovanov A. E. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia, Korovin P. A. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia, Morozova M. V. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia
Published: August 2022

Benign ear tumors are the rarest tumors of ENT organs, this group includes papillomas, fibromas, osteomas, and hemangiomas (vascular tumors). The aggressive course of the hemangiomas, their rare occurrence, and histological structure make it necessary to pay attention to their clinical course, diagnosis, and possibilities of surgical treatment. We present a clinical case of the surgical treatment of capillary hemangioma of the middle ear.
Revisiting early diagnosis of voice disorders in children
Authors:   Pirogov Russian NationalResearch Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, 117997, Russia, Bogomil’skii M. R. , Radtsig E. Yu. ,   Pirogov Russian NationalResearch Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, 117997, Russia,   Morozovskaya City Children’s Clinical Hospital, Moscow, 119049, Russia, Bulynko Ya. E. ,   Pirogov Russian NationalResearch Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, 117997, Russia, Orlova O. S. ,   Scientific and Clinical Center of Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency  of Russian Federation, Moscow, 123182, Russia,   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia,   Federal Center for Brain and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency  of Russian Federation, Moscow, 117513, Russia
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this work was to assess the time interval necessary to clarify the diagnosis and start treatment in a patient with various voice disorders (VD). Based on the data of a survey of 243 patients aged from 1 month to 17 years inclusive, it was found that various NCs most often occurred in patients 2–5 years old (36,2%), 5–9 years old (24,7%). Hoarseness is the most frequent complaint (48.6%), but in 15.6% it was regarded as an individual feature of the voice, in 10.7% it was ignored, and in 20.2% the examination of the larynx was postponed until an older (5–7 years) age, which lengthened the start time before diagnosis and treatment (from several weeks to 2 years). Insufficient attention to the quality of voice at the primary medical appointment is confirmed by the fact that in 60,9% of cases patients applied for endoscopic admission independently, and only in 39.1%, by referral of various specialists, as well as cases (15,2%) of detection of VD by us at endoscopic admission in patients who applied without complaints about its quality. Focusing on the sound quality of the voice at the initial admission by a doctor of any specialty and informing about the possibilities of endoscopic examination of the larynx in any period of childhood will help reduce the time from the moment of identification of the problem to the diagnosis and the beginning of treatment and rehabilitation measures that contribute to its normalization.
Features of body’s immunoreactivity in post-covid period in polymorbid patients with chronic foci of infection of ent organs and oral cavity
Authors:   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russia, Gorbacheva I. A. , Antonova I. N. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russia, Sycheva Yu. A. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russia, Osintseva Ya. E. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russia, Donskaya O. S. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russia, Ryazantseva E. S. ,   Mechnikov Northwest State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 191015, Russia, Kasatkin A. E. ,   St. Luke Clinical Hospital, Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia
Published: August 2022

The high level of morbidity and labor losses among the population during the epidemic of a new coronavirus infection is largely determined by the protracted course of the post-COVID syndrome, which is often complicated by the exacerbation of chronic foci of infection of the upper respiratory tract and oral cavity. Clinical manifestations of a developed immunodeficiency state require an assessment of the characteristics of the body’s immunoreactivity in patients who have undergone COVID-19 in order to develop targeted programs for their immunorehabilitation and prevent manifestations of chronic focal infection, which was the purpose of the study. Immunological examination of 37 patients aged 42 to 60 years (53 ± 3.8 years), 24 women and 13 men, in the post-COVID period with exacerbation of chronic ENT infection (nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, laryngitis) and dental pathology (generalized inflammatory periodontal disease, apical granulomas) showed the formation of an immunological imbalance with a quantitative deficiency of T-helpers with a high level of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and NK cells expressing the alpha chain of the CD8 antigen as well as cytokine-producing NK cells against the background of a pronounced decrease in the resources of alpha and gamma interferon and a high level of Ig E and CIC in the blood. The established immunological prerequisites for comorbid infection, allergization, autoimmunization, and chronic sequel of inflammatory response motivated approaches to the rehabilitation of patients in the post-COVID period and the prevention of activation of chronic foci of infection in the ENT organs and oral cavity through sequential detoxification and immunocorrection. The positive experience of using bioactive preparations of natural origin with a complex detoxifying, immunotropic, antioxidant, and adaptogenic action is presented.
10.18692/1810-4800-2022-3-40-46
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Dvoryanchikov V. V. , Kuznetsov M. S. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia, Pastushenkov V. L. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Golovanov A. E. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia, Isachenko V. S. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Pastushenkov A. L. ,   Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 191015, Russia, Kuzenkova A. I. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia
Published: August 2022

Objective of the study. To investigate the effect of triazino-indole derivative on the parameters of glycolysis in the endolymph during preventive and therapeutic use on the model of acoustic trauma. Experimental animals and methods. The experiments were carried out on 82 mice, female F1 hybrids of the CBA and C57BL/6 lines weighing at least 17 g at the age of 4–12 weeks. When simulating an acute acoustic trauma, an animal was exposed to white noise with a level of 107 dB SPL and frequency band 3–100,000 kHz. For therapeutic purposes, a single intravenous injection of a triazino-indole derivative was carried out immediately after noise exposure. The drug was administered at doses of 5, 7, and 10 mg/kg of animal weight. For prophylactic purposes, the intramuscular drug injection was administered before the acoustic trauma application. The drug was administered at doses of 5, 7, and 10 mg/kg of animal weight once a day for 3 days before noise exposure. The Cytoflavin was a reference drug. A normal saline was administered to the control group. When using the acoustic trauma models, the metabolic processes level in the cochlea was assessed by the glucose and lactic acid (lactate) content in the labyrinth fluid before and 2 hours after pathological exposure. Results and discussion. The triazino-indole derivative, both during preventive and therapeutic administration, significantly corrects changes in the glycolysis (glucose, lactate) indicators in the endolymph, thereby improving the bioenergetics of the inner ear cells. The best effect is observed when the drug is administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg. When compared with Cytoflavin, the antihypoxic effect of the triazino-indole derivative is more pronounced.
Comprehensive treatment of patients with extended cicatricial stenosis of larynx and cervical trachea
Authors:   Sverzhevsky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology,  Moscow, 117152, Russia, Kirasirova E. A. , Frolkina E. A. ,   Sverzhevsky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology,  Moscow, 117152, Russia, Tyutina S. I. ,   Sverzhevsky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology,  Moscow, 117152, Russia, Mamedov R. F. ,   Sverzhevsky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology,  Moscow, 117152, Russia, Rezakov R. A. ,   Sverzhevsky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology,  Moscow, 117152, Russia, Lafutkina N. V. ,   Sverzhevsky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology,  Moscow, 117152, Russia, Mironov A. S. ,   Sklifosovsky Scientific Research Institute of Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Health Department, Moscow, 129090, Russia, Rybal’chenko I. E. ,   Gormedtechnika of the Department of Health of the city of Moscow,  Moscow, 115093, Russia
Published: August 2022

Improving the methods of reconstructive plastic surgery, the emergence of new algorithms for managing patients, the development of pharmacology have significantly improved the results of treatment of patients with cicatricial stenosis of the larynx and cervical trachea; however, the problem continues to be relevant since the outcome of treatment is not always satisfactory. The presence of chronic respiratory failure (which often accompanies cicatricial stenosis of the respiratory tract) as well as the lack of supporting viable cartilaginous structures of the larynx and trachea aggravates the course of the disease and requires a differentiated approach to the treatment of extended cicatricial laryngotracheal stenosis. The article analyzes the effectiveness of an integrated approach to the treatment of patients with extended laryngotracheal cicatricial deformity of the lumen using allogeneic graft as well as the correction of respiratory disorders and post-hypoxic tissue changes using inhalations of a heated helium-oxygen mixture in the perioperative period. The study included 20 patients with an age interval of 20–65 years and a disease duration of 1–12 years. At the outpatient stage, the necessary clinical and radiological, endoscopic, and functional examination was carried out. To detect chronic respiratory failure, the gas and acid-base composition of the blood was studied. In the hospital, all patients underwent reconstructive plastic surgery using allogeneic graft. All patients at the pre- and postoperative stage received inhalations with a heated helium-oxygen mixture according to the developed algorithm. The study showed that an integrated approach to the treatment of patients with extended laryngotracheal cicatricial stenoses is an effective method leading to good functional results of surgical treatment, reducing the time of postoperative wound regeneration and improving the quality of life of patients.
Assessing performance of healthcare facilities in context of covid-19 pandemic: results of cross-sectional survey of healthcare workers
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Korneenkov A. A. , Ovchinnikov P. A. ,   Vishnevsky 3 Central Military Clinical Hospital, Krasnogorsk, 143409, Russia, Vyazemskaya E. E. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Fanta I. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Dvoryanchikov V. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Yanov Yu. K. ,   Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 191015, Russia
Published: August 2022

As you know, both healthcare workers who have direct contact with COVID-19 patients and those whose contact with such patients is not recorded are at risk. Differences were found in the subjective assessments of their work in a pandemic among these groups of health workers. Objective. To analyze the perception of health workers of their security in the workplace and their assessment of the organization of the labor process healthcare facilities in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods. For the solution, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted among healthcare workers. The analytical cohort consisted of 269 survey participants. Results and discussion. A higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and a lack of personal protective equipment were felt by doctors who were in direct contact with patients with COVID-19. The presence of a medical worker outside the medical organization changes their attitude toward precautionary measures. In general, respondents gave a positive subjective assessment of the preventive measures taken and the preparedness of their healthcare facilities for the pandemic. Research in this area will help understand the psychological impact of the threat of SARS-CoV-2 infection, provide healthcare workers with safe and optimal working conditions, and prevent overburdening the healthcare system in general and otorhinolaryngology care in particular.
Clinical and pathogenetic features and outcomes of otogenic intracranial complications in acute and chronic purulent otitis media
Authors:   Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, 390026, Russia, Rondaleva A. V.
Published: August 2022

Introduction. To date, there are conflicting data on the frequency, structure, and severity of the clinical course of otogenic intracranial complications in various ear diseases. Objective. Investigation of the features of pathogenesis, clinic, and outcomes of otogenic intracranial complications in acute purulent otitis media and exacerbation of chronic purulent otitis media. Patients and methods. The gender, age, ways of infection of the cranial cavity, the timing of the prodromal period and the prehospital stage of observation, the level of consciousness at admission, the structure and outcomes of intracranial complications in 32 (62,7%) patients with acute purulent otitis media and in 19 (37,3%) patients with exacerbation of chronic purulent otitis media were studied. Conclusions/Results. In the groups of patients with acute purulent otitis media and exacerbation of chronic purulent otitis media, the hematogenic pathway of infection of the meninges was found, respectively, in 87,5% and 47,4%; fulminant and acute course of otogenic purulent meningitis, in 75% and 47,4%; the development of coma and sopor at the prehospital stage, in 81.3% and 47.4%; and fatal outcomes, in 31,3% and 26,3% of cases. The development of coma at the prehospital stage and hospitalization later than 24 hours after the onset of the manifestation of symptoms of otogenic purulent meningoencephalitis significantly increased the number of deaths, to a greater extent in acute purulent otitis media than in exacerbation of chronic purulent otitis media.
Modern methods of diagnosis and conservative treatment of chronic tonsillitis
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia, Shishkunova T. M.
Published: August 2022

The increase in the incidence of chronic tonsillitis, the increase in the frequency of complications caused by it as well as an increase in the number of patients with absolute contraindications to surgical treatment make the search for effective local therapy of chronic tonsillitis an urgent task. The article provides a brief literary review of the works of domestic and foreign authors devoted to the features of the clinical picture, diagnosis, and conservative treatment of chronic tonsillitis.
Searching for the Best Inflation Forecasters within an Employment Survey: Microdata Evidence from Chile
Authors: Medel Carlos A.
Published: August 2022

This article aims to evaluate quantitative inflation forecasts for the Chilean economy, taking advantage of a specific survey of consumer perceptions at the individual microdata level, which, at the same time, is linked to a survey of employment in Chile’s capital city. Thus, it is possible to link, with no error, consumer perceptions and 12-month-ahead inflation forecasts with personal characteristics such as gender, age, educational level, county of living, and the economic sector in which they are currently working. By using a sample ranging from 2005.III to 2018.IV, the results suggest that women aged between 35 and 65 years old, with a college degree, living in the North-eastern part of Santiago (the richest of the city), and working in the Community and Social Services sector are the best forecasters. Men aged between 35 and 65 years old, with a college degree, in a tie living in the North-eastern and South-eastern zones but working in Government and Financial Services and Retail sectors, respectively, come in second. Some econometric exercises reinforce and give greater support to the group of most accurate forecasters and reveal that another group of forecasters, different from the second-best in terms of forecast accuracy, displays the characteristics required of a forecasting variable. Remarkably, this group has the same specifications as the most accurate group, with the only difference being that it is composed of men instead of women. Thus, it looks promising for further consideration. Importantly, a forecast accuracy test reveals that no factor comes out as superior to the naïve random walk forecast used as a benchmark. These results are important because they help to identify the most accurate group when forecasting inflation and, thus, help refine the information provided by the survey for inflation forecasting purposes.