bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SISTEM REKAM MEDIS ELEKTRONIK DALAM PANDANGAN PERAWAT MANAJER
Authors: Nilawati
Published: January 2020

Rekam medis merupakan dokumen hukum, sehingga dokumen rekam medis dalam bentuk konvensional maupun elektonik harus dijaga keamanannya. Tujuan Kajian literature ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pandangan manajer perawat dengan system rekam medis elektronik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah kajian literatur. Literatur diambil dari 15 jurnal maupun buku yang didapakan melalui google scholar, dengan kata kunci pencarian sistem rekam medis , rekam medis elektroik dan perawat manajer. Rekam Medis Elektronik (RME) memiliki banyak manfaat dalam pengguaannya dalam hal medis, administrasi, hukum, keuangan, penelitian, pendidikan dan dokumentasi. Pemerintah atau organisasi harus merancang payung hukum yang memberi jaminan keabsahan informasi rekam medis dalam bentuk elektronik yang tentu saja menyangkut aspek keamanan, kerahasiaan dan privacy informasi medis.
PERAN KEPALA RUANGAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOLABORASI INTERPROFESI PERAWAT-DOKTER DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PELAYANAN
Authors: SILITONGA TINA RAHAYU
Published: January 2020

Kolaborasi interprofesional merupakan merupakan strategi untuk mencapai kualitas hasil yang dinginkan secara efektif dan efisien dalam pelayanan kesehatan. Komunikasi dalam kolaborasi merupakan unsur penting untuk meningkatkan kualitas perawatan dan keselamatan pasien. Hubungan kolaborasi interprofesi dalam pelayanan kesehatan melibatkan sejumlah profesi kesehatan, namun kolaborasi antara dokter dan perawat merupakan faktor penentu yang sangat penting bagi kualitas proses perawatan. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran kepala ruangan untuk meningkatkan kolaborasi interprofesi perawat-dokter dalam meningkatkan mutu pelayanan. Metode dalam penulisan ini yaitu dengan mendeskripsikan dan menguraikan tentang peran kepala ruangan untuk meningkatkan kolaborasi interprofesi perawat-dokter dalam meningkatkan mutu pelayanan. Adapun pengambilan data dari jurnal-jurnal penelitian orang lain. Dari beberapa penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa peran kepala ruangan untuk meningkatkan kolaborasi interperprofesi perawat-dokter dalam meningkatkan mutu pelayanan sangatlah penting karena demi mencapai tingkat pelayanan kepada pasien yang lebih baik lagi, sehinnga dibutuhkan peran kepala ruangan agar perawat bisa menjalin hubungan komunikasi yang baik.
PHF24 is differentially expressed in the tumors of patients with glioblastoma.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2020

Epigenetic molecules represent attractive therapeutic targets in cancer (1, 2). We performed comparative transcriptome analysis of tumors from patients diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme relative to the non-affected brain transcriptome using published microarray data (3, 4). The PHD-finger protein PHF24 was among the most differentially expressed genes in the glioblastoma transcriptome. Glioblastoma has a median survival of 15 months and there are zero available targeted treatment options for the disease (5, 6). Efforts should be prioritized towards understanding whether glioblastoma possesses any cancer-specific dependencies on PHF24.
PERAN PERAWAT DIBIDANG POLITIK UNTUK MEWAKILI PERAWAT DI PERLEMEN REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Sutejo Djoko
Published: January 2020

Latar Belakang : Dalam pemerintahan tidak akan terlepas dengan kebijakan dan keputusan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemangku wewenang, biasanya kebijakan ini dipegang oleh kekuasaaan, dan kekuasaan merupakan bagian dari birokrasai, birokrasi tidak terlepas dari peran politik. Karena jabatan didalam pemerintah yang sangat penting banyak di duduki oleh politikus – politikus Tujuan: Tujuan dalam literature review adalah ingin memgetahui sejauh mana peran perawat dalam keterlibatan di bidang politik, khususnya di parlemen di Indonesia Metode : Dalam pelaksanaan analisis yang dilakukan menggunakan metode review lieratur, literature review Hasil : Bahwa dibutuhkan peran perawat di bidang politik, terkhusus dalam parlemen. Hal ini akan menjadi kekuatan bagi perawat dalam keterlibatan didalam pengambilan keputusan Pembahasan :. Politik merupakan cara untuk mencapai tujuan, baik scara personal maupun kelompok. Dengan berpolitik dalam membrikan atau merumuskan kebijakan, banyak orang atau profesi melakukan kontribusi dan relasi kepada pemangku pengambilan kebijakan Selain itu juga, perawat mesti memiliki konstribusi dalam sistem pemerintah, agar dapat memberikan pandangan dan saran kepada pemangku kebijakan. Rekomendasi : Demi kepentingan dan kemajuan serta kesejahteraan perawat, maka perawat harus berpikir lebih luas dan ikut berperan dalam politik di Indonesia
The Quest for Historical Elements in Plato's "Critias"
Authors: Kühne Rainer Walter
Published: January 2020

Based upon the writings of ancient Greek authors it is shown that Plato has mixed historical elements with fiction in his "Critias". By comparing Plato's description with our knowledge of the ancient Athens one finds that Plato has used historical elements of 1200 BC. -- This preprint was written by the author in 1992 and in the same year submitted to and rejected by the scientific journals "Hesperia" and "Antiquity".
Peran Perawat Dalam Tindakan Rehabilitatif Pasien Pasca Stroke Di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Silalahi Rini Debora
Published: January 2020

Stroke adalah suatu kondisi susunan sistem saraf pusat yang patologis akibat adanya gangguan peredaran darah. Perubahan gaya hidup masyarakat yang serba instan dan praktis mengakibatkan orang semakin malas untuk beraktivitas dan menjalankan pola hidup sehat. Setelah mengalami stroke, 60-70% penderita mengalami gangguan fungsi motorik atas. Keadaan ini memerlukan rehabilitatif secepatnnya, agar fungsi motorik atas bisa segera pulih. Pemulihan motoris anggota gerak atas dapat terjadi oleh karena pemberian latihan seperti mobilisasi (ROM Pasif) dan rangsangan taktil. Terdapat pengaruh Range Of Motion (ROM) terhadap kekuatan otot dan rentang gerak pasien pasca perawatan stroke. Diperlukan dukungan keluarga dalam pemulihan pasien pasca stroke. Pasien dan keluarga juga perlu mendapat pendidikan kesehatan untuk dapat menerapkan latihan ROM di rumah secara rutin dan berkelanjutan.
Alih Kode dan Campur Kode dalam Video Youtube Gita Savitri Devi
Authors: P NarindraRamadhani
Published: January 2020

Bahasa yang digunakan untuk berkomunikasi dan atau alat interakssi dicirikan dengan symbol atau lambang yang bersifat abitrer. Tuturan seseorang dalam proses berbicara menimbulkan berbagai alih kode dan campur kode. Salah satunya adalah dalam video yang diunggah oleh Gita Savitri Devi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bahasa yang digunakan oleh Gita Savitri Devi dalam video yang diunggah oleh Gita Savitri Devi dengan judul “Don’t Lose Hope | Beropini eps. 18” dengan alih kode dan campur kode. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif analisis. Dari analisis tersebut terdapat dua bahasa yang digunakan dalam video tersebut antara lain bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris. Adanya penggunaan dua bahasa tersebut ditemukan ungkapan-ungkapan yang merupakan alih kode dan campur kode. Ada sepuluh alih kode dan ada tiga campur kode. Alih kode dan campur kode dalam video youtube tersebut disebabkan adanya latar belakang si penutur yang dapat menggunakan dua bahasa atau lebh, suasana bicara, dan tempat bicara.
Peran Kepala Ruangan Dalam Pengembangan Dokumentasi Keperawatan Secara Elektronik Untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Pelayanan Keperawatan
Authors: Silalahi Rini Debora
Published: January 2020

Dalam era 4.0, rumah sakit dituntut untuk meningkatkan kinerja serta mampu merumuskan kebijakan-kebijakan strategis antara lain efisiensi dari dalam (organisasi, manajemen, serta SDM) serta harus mampu secara cepat dan tepat mengambil keputusan untuk peningkatan pelayanan kepada masyarakat agar dapat menjadi organisasi yang inovatif, efektif, efisien, menguntungkan juga tanggap terhadap perkembangan IPTEK termasuk teknologi informasi. Teknologi informatika keperawatan sudah saatnya diterapkan di pelayanan kesehatan Indonesia. Sebagai contoh dalam melakukan dokumentasi pasien. Selama ini penerapannya terhambat karena ketidaksiapan sumber daya manusia, dan rutinitas perawat yang membuat malas berubah. Penerapan dokumentasi elektronik di pelayanan keperawatan akan menghemat tenaga, biaya, dan waktu. Penerapan dokumentasi elektronik keperawatan bukan hal yang tidak mungkin dilaksanakan, jika dilakukan dengan sepenuh hati dan bekerjasama dengan semua pihak yang terkait mulai dari pihak managerial, perawat pelaksana, tim kesehatan lain, pasien, dan tenaga ahli teknologi informatika.
PENGEMBANGAN SOFTSKILL PERAWAT MELALUI KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL MENEJER KEPERAWATAN
Authors: padang Alisarjuni
Published: January 2020

PENGEMBANGAN SOFTSKILL PERAWAT MELALUI KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL MENEJER KEPERAWATANALISARJUNI PADANG/ 197046017alisarjunipadang@gmail.comAbstrakLatar Belakang : Softskill adalah keterampilan kecakapan hidup baik untuk diri sendiri, berkelompok atau bermasyarakat yaitu berupa keterampilan dalam berhubungan dengan orang lain (interpersonal skill) maupun keterampilan dalam mengatur dirinya sendiri (intra personal skill) agar mampu mengembangkan produktifitas kerja secara maksimal, sedangkan Kepemimpinan transformasional merupakan kepemimpinan yang dapat diterapkan dengan karakteristik kharismatik, pengaruh idealis, motivasi inspirasional, stimulasi intelektual, serta konsiderasi individu. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kepemimpinan Transformasional kepala ruang terhadap pengembangan kemampuan softskill dari perawat pelaksana. Metode : Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan kajian pustaka, yang berkaitan dengan pengembangan soft skill perawat melalui kepemimpinan transformasional, dimana peneliti mengumpulkan beberapa jurnal kemudian melakukan pembanding. Hasil : Hasil ulasan literatur menunjukan bahwa peningkatan softskill sangat di pengaruhi oleh kepemimpinan transpormasional menejer keperawatan.Kata kunci : kepemimpinan Transformasional, softskill, menejer
Kajian Sosiolinguistik: Fenomena Diglosia
Authors: P NarindraRamadhani
Published: January 2020

Bahasa adalah suatu alat komunikasi yang digunakan masyarakat khususnya penutur untuk berinteraksi, berkomunikasi dengan masyarakat lainnya. Bahada Indonesia menjadi salah satu bahasa yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia untuk berkomunikasi dengan masyarakat yang beragam latar belakangnya. Latar belakang msyarakat Indonesia yang berasal dari berbagai budaya, suku, ras, dan daerah menyebabkan suatu fenomena diglosia. Diglosia merupakan suatu fenomena bahasa di mana terdapat pembagian fungsional atas variasi bahasa (ragam bahasa tinggi dan ragam bahasa rendah) yang ada di lingkungan masyarakat. Penelitian yang dilakukan terhadap mahasiswa pendidikan bahasa Indonesia merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif analisis melalui pendekatan fenomonologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keadaan fenomena diglosia pada mahasiswa pendidikan bahasa Indonesia 2017 dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dari hasil analisis ditemukan bahwa bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Jawa ragam T (Tinggi) digunakan saat berbicara dengan dosen dan karyawan atau pada saat perkuliahan berlangsung. Sedangkan bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Jawa ragam R (Rendah) digunakan saat berbicara dengan teman sebaya.
Auf den Spuren der Götter
Authors: Kühne Rainer Walter
Published: January 2020

I wrote this book typescript in 1989. It includes my then views about Plato's Atlantis. My then view that Plato's Atlantis story includes historical elements and is based on Greek reports on the Bronze Age Athens and Egyptian reports on the Bronze Age wars of the Sea Peoples received worldwide media interest in 2004 following my publication in the scientific journal "Antiquity".
Tantangan Perawat Manager Dalam Pemberian Reward Untuk Meningkatkan Kepuasan Kerja Perawat
Authors: Silalahi Rini Debora
Published: January 2020

Kinerja perawat adalah aktivitas perawat dalam mengimplementasikan suatu wewenang, tugas dan tanggung jawabnya dengan sebaik-baiknya. Dari hasil survey didapatkan hasil analisis sementara rendahnya kinerja perawat pada kepuasan kerja, sistem penghargaan, motivasi kerja perawat tersebut. Tujuan kajian untuk melihat pengaruh reward terhadap kepuasan kerja serta motivasi perawat. Dari beberapa penelitian diperoleh hasil terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara pemberian reward dengan kepuasan kerja perawat. Kesimpulan. Perlu ada perhatian lebih kepada perawat dalam menciptakan kepuasan kerja dengan mensesuaikan pekerjaan sesuai dengan kemampuannya, peningkatan gaji sesuai dengan pendidikan dan masa kerjanya, serta menciptakan suasana kerja yang kondusif.
Pengembangan Modul Praktikum Microsoft PowerPoint berbasis audio
Authors: Alexander Ferdinant
Published: January 2020

Penelitian dan pengembagan ini menghasilkan produk berupa modul praktikum microsoft powerpoint berbasis audio. Tahapan yang dilakukan dalam menghasilkan modul praktikum microsoft powerpoint berbasis audio ini adalah sebagai berikut: 1) tahap assesment/ analisis; 2) desain; 3) pengembangan. Mengingat keterbatasan waktu maka tahapan implementasi dan evaluasi dimana uji coba produk seharusnya dilakukan belum dapat terlaksana. Materi di dalam modul praktikum microsoft powerpoint berbasis audio terdiri dari tiga bagian besar yaitu: pengenalan microsoft powerpoint, materi utama dan latihan.
ANALISIS KEPUASAN DOSEN DAN TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN TERHADAP LAYANAN PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI SEKOLAH TINGGI AGAMA KRISTEN NEGERI KUPANG TAHUN 2019
Authors: Alexander Ferdinant , Manuain Leryani Mince Maria
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besaran tingkat kepuasan dosen dan tenaga kependidikan terhadap layanan pengelolaan SDM di STAKN Kupang Tahun 2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey yang dilakukan terhadap sejumlah sampel, dosen sebanyak 53 orang dan tenaga kependidikan sebanyak 57 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata tingkat kepuasan dosen terhadap layanan pengelolaan SDM di STAKN Kupang Tahun 2019 berada pada kategori cukup puas. Dominasi sebaran responden dosen ada pada kategori cukup puas, sedangkan dominasi sebaran responden tenaga kependidikan berada pada kategori cukup puas dan puas. Perbedaan ini disebabkan oleh rendahnya tingkat kepuasan dosen pada beberapa indikator, diantaranya terhadap layanan sistem pengelolaan SDM, layanan pengembangan kompetensi, layanan pengembangan karier maupun pelaksanaan penelitian dan publikasi karya ilmiah serta pelaksanaan PKM.
adminitrasi ketatahusahan sekolah
Authors: islamiarty diah
Published: January 2020

Administration is also interpreted as an activity of determining everything that happens in the organization, to be used as information material by the leadership , wich covers all activities ranging from making, processing, structuring to storing all the information needed by the organization. Keywords- Administrasi Ketatausahaan Sekolah
TEACHING AND LEARNING ENGLISH FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED STUDENTS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC CASE STUDY
Authors: Susanto Susanto , Nanda Deri Sis
Published: January 2020

In this article we report an ethnographic case study of observing the teaching and learning of English at a school for visually impaired students in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. Data collection included student and teacher interviews. It also covered class observation and used a social constructivist framework of disability. The study revealed that the students received inadequate modifications of instruction in foreign language learning. However, the students used a variety of resources with the screen reader technology such as Non Visual Desktop Access (NVDA) and Job Access with Speech (JAWS). These findings suggest that visually impaired students actually can have unique ways of learning foreign language supported by the assistive technology. These abilities should be acknowledged to obtain the perspectives of students who receive disability specific education. Moreover, the study might provide a further facet to the research especially on the importance of learning strategies in special education.
Media Sosial sebagai Penjaga Eksitensi Permainan Tradisional Anak
Authors: husni dicka
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this research aims to spread the development of traditional children's games today through social media. Is today the traditional game of children still preserved or started to disappear ?. Traditional children's games have existed since ancient times. Lots of traditional games that are fun and exciting for example playing marbles, hide and seek, jumping rope, and others - others. But in this day and age, the traditional game of children is starting to disappear because of the gadget. Children now prefer at home and play the gadget rather than go out to play with their friends. Apart from the emergence of gadgets today, we can also use the gadget to help the development of traditional children's games through social media.
pengertian, fungsi dan gaya kepemimpinan
Authors: Revenia Isra
Published: January 2020

This article aims to describe what the meaning, function, and types of educational leadership. It uses research literature techniques, by gathering resources from books and journals as what students use in learning. It is very important to know leadership in education in order to facilitate teaching and learning process.
Penanggulangan Penggunaan Bahasa Gaul di Era Globalisasi pada Pemuda Dwi Tunggal Ngerso, Karanganyar
Authors: Rahmah Radana Fauziana
Published: January 2020

Bahasa adalah sarana bagi manusia yang bertujuan untuk menyampaikan suatu maksud, keinginan, ataupun perasaan. Bahasa juga dipergunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai alat komunikasi yang bersifat kompleks karena berbagai fenomena penggunaan bahasa dapat dijumpai dalam kehidupan manusia. Salah satu fenomena yang sedang terjadi pada masa ini adalah penggunaan bahasa gaul. Bahasa gaul ialah suatu bahasa yang diciptakan oleh kaula muda. Bahasa ini juga disebut dengan bahasa prokem. Bahasa ini dibuat dengan sengaja tidak digunakan dalam forum formal. Bahasa gaul digunakan untuk komunikasi pada era globalisasi dimana pemuda menyebut diri mereka sebagai generasi millenial, generasi jaman now, generasi +62 , dan lain-lain. Bahasa ini muncul akibat perubahan arus globalisasi. Perubahan arus globalisasi memang mempengaruhi seluruh aspek kehidupan, termasuk bahasa. Hal ini disebabkan oleh karena bahasa yang juga bersifat dinamis, yaitu berubah-ubah sesuai perubahan zaman. Eksistensi bahasa gaul oleh masyarakat Indonesia semakin marak di era globalisasi ini. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah dikhususkan pada pemuda Dwi Tunggal Karanganyar.
Kajian Sosiolinguistik Campur Kode dalam Vidio Youtube Perspektiv MetroTV Tasya Kamila: Sia-sia kah S2?
Authors: Romlah Sarotun
Published: January 2020

Campur kode terjadi apabila seorang penutur menggunakan suatu bahasa secara dominan, tetapi disisipi dengan unsur bahasa lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dan mendeskripsikan: (1) bentuk campur kode, (2) faktor penyebab campur kode pada akun youtube Perspektif MetroTV berjudul “Tasya Kamila (sia-sia kah S2) part 1 dan Tasya Kamila (sia-sia kah S2) part 2. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan sampel percakapan antara Tasya Kamila dengan pembawa acara. Hasil penelitian ini sebagai berikut. Pertama, gejala campur kode terjalin dalam tiga formasi. Kedua, faktor pendorong campur kode berkaitan dengan latar belakang si penutur dan mitra tutur dalam hal ini adalah Tasya kamila.
Variasi Bahasa Pedagang dan Pembeli di Pasar Dibal Kabupaten Boyolali : Kajian Sosiolinguitik
Authors: Mayliana Rheina
Published: January 2020

Masyarakat yang heterogen serta keadaan geografis yang berbeda telah memisahkan masyarakat yang terbagi menjadi beberapa kelompok suku bangsa. Keberagaman tersebut bahkan telah melahirkan perbedaan dari segi budaya hingga bahasa dan variasinya. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi, diantaranya status sosial, waktu, situasi berbahasa, budaya dan individual yang menyebabkan munculnya variasi – variasi bahasa. Variasi bahasa dapat terjadi apabila terdapat penggunanaan dua atau lebih bahasa di suatu tempat oleh penutur tertentu. Variasi bahasa dalam papper ini mencerminkan keragaman bahasa yang digunakan di Dibal terutama pasar Dibal. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan variasi bahasa yang dilihat dari segi penuturnya yang yang berlatar di pasar Dibal, kabupaten Boyolali. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif secara deskriptif yang berupa analisis dan data tertulis. Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi bahasa PKL (Pedagang Kaki Lima) memiliki ciri khas tersendiri, baik memiliki persamaan jenis dagangan maupun memiliki perbedaan jenis dagangan. Pedagang yang berasal dari daerah cenderung mengikuti bahasa pembeli agar pembeli dapat mengerti apa yang diucapkan pedagang. Teknik penelitian data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik observasi (pengamatan) terhadap kegiatan jual beli di pasar Dibal, kabupaten Boyolali.Kata Kunci : Bahasa, variasi bahasa, ragam bahasa
Menyunting 3 Artikel
Authors: Syahidan Effaizah
Published: January 2020

Menyunting 3 naskah artikel menjadi bentuk penulisan yang baik dan benar.
Alih Kode dan Campur Kode Dalam Interaksi Jual Beli di Pasar Raya Gentan
Authors: Raras Haralda
Published: January 2020

Study the sociolinguistic meaning of language conversation in the socio-cultural context and the relationship of the speaker with the listener. Social groups that determine differences in population or groups in classes of power, income, position and type of work. Through sociolinguistic studies we can find variations in the language of groups or social classes of society. Language societies are formed because of mutual understanding, largely due to the presence of togetherness in linguistic codes. The process of communication and social interaction that gives rise to the tendency of speakers to utilize the potential of language variation. One variation of language consists of codes and mixed codes for togetherness in the community. Code switching and code mixing are changes in the use of certain languages or languages to other languages. This research aims to describe the form of code switching and the form of certain code mix found in the sale and purchase program in the market and related determinants.
NETWORK SECURITY & INTERKONEKSI JARINGAN DENGAN L2TP+IPSEC
Authors: wandanaaris
Published: January 2020

Dengan kemajuan teknologi kita memiliki semua yang tersedia dalam satu klik. Alih-alih membuang banyak waktu sambil berdiri dalam antrian untuk tugas yang harus dilakukan sekarang kita hanya perlu membuka perangkat kita dan menghubungkannya ke internet dan tugas selesai dalam beberapa menit. Ini semua dimungkinkan karena ketersediaan jaringan. Di satu sisi di mana kami menghemat waktu di sisi lain kami memaparkan informasi rahasia kami kepada pihak ketiga yang dapat menyalahgunakannya. Itu karena struktur internet itu sendiri memungkinkan banyak masalah keamanan terjadi. Kita dapat memodifikasi arsitektur internet untuk mengurangi kemungkinan serangan terhadap data. Jika kita berbicara tentang berbagai organisasi bisnis, mereka menjaga diri mereka terlindung dari ancaman dengan menghubungkan diri mereka ke intranet daripada internet. Network Security bisa sederhana atau kompleks tergantung pada persyaratan. Untuk memahami skenario penelitian saat ini dalam bidang ini, kita harus terlebih dahulu memahami pentingnya, sejarah, dan berbagai teknologi yang dapat digunakan untuk memberikan langkah-langkah keamanan.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Menyimak Dengan Metode Mendongeng Pada Anak Kelas 1-3 SD
Authors: Raras Haralda
Published: January 2020

This research was conducted to determine listening skills in 1-3 elementary school children during Sunday school at church. This research was conducted because listening skills contained a fundamental problem, namely the lack of students' listening skills either at school or anywhere. The lack of listening skills is due to the learning methods used which are still conventional, usually still using the lecture method. To improve listening skills, a change in method is used, namely the storytelling method. The objectives to be achieved in this classroom action research are (1) increasing the ability of elementary school students in grades 1-3 in listening by using the storytelling method, (2) improving student learning outcomes, and (3) increasing teacher innovation in the learning process especially during Sunday school in church. This research was conducted by direct observation during Sunday school activities in the church.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENCERITAKAN KEMBALI TEKS LEGENDA BERBAHASA JAWA DENGAN PENERAPAN METODE MAKE A MATCH DAN MEDIA PERMAINAN BERBURU HARTA KARUN PADA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 14 SURAKARTA
Authors: Rahmawati Mega Ulfa
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemapuan menceritakan kembali teks legenda berbahasa Jawa pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 14 Surakarta dengan menerapkan metode make a match dan media permainan harta karun. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Selain itu peneliti juga menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa angket dan tes menceritakan kembali teks legenda berbahasa Jawa. Teknik uji validitas data yang digunakan ialah uji validitas data triangulasi metode.
Analisis Kesalahan Bahasa Pada Skripsi “Hubungan Pemahaman Tentang Ideologi Pancasila Dengan Sikap Nasionalisme (Studi Pada Anggota Bidang Kepemudaan dan Olahraga Serta Bidang Pendidikan dan Kesenian di Perkumpulan Masyarakat Surakarta)” Karya Yuliyanto Dwi Saputro
Authors: Putri Ulfa Rizqi
Published: January 2020

Bahasa merupakan alat komunikasi yang digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Komunikasi dapat dilakukan secara lisan maupun tulisan. Tujuan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia adalah agar siswa memiliki kemampuan berbahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar serta dapat menghayati bahasa dan sastra Indonesia sesuai dengan situasi dan tujuan berbahasa serta tingkat pengalaman siswa sekolah dasar. Penyimpangan terhadap kaidah kebahasaan yang dilakukan pembelajar dapat disebut dengan kesalahan berbahasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan berbahasa morfologi pada skripsi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif yang berbentuk studi kasus dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis dokumen pada tulisan skripsi.
Hiding Success
Authors: Roberts Annabelle , Levine Emma , Sezer Ovul
Published: January 2020

Self-promotion is common in everyday life. Yet, across seven studies (N = 1,672) examining a broad range of personal and professional successes, we find that individuals often hide their successes from others and that such hiding has harmful relational consequences. We document these effects among close relational partners, strangers, and within hypothetical relationships. In Study 1, we find that targets feel less close to and more insulted by communicators who hide rather than share their successes. Conversely, sharing success increases closeness, despite also triggering envy. In Study 2, we find that hiding is more costly than sharing success, even when the target does not learn about the act of hiding. That is, hiding success harms relationships both when the success is eventually discovered and when it is not. In Studies 3 and 4, we explore the mechanism underlying these interpersonal costs: Targets infer that communicators have paternalistic motives when they hide their success, which leads them to feel insulted. Studies 5 and 6 explore this mechanism in greater detail by documenting the contextual cues that elicit inferences of paternalistic motives. While a large body of existing research highlights the negative consequences of sharing one’s accomplishments with others, our research demonstrates that sharing is often superior to hiding. In doing so, we shed new light on the consequences of paternalism and the relational costs of hiding information in everyday communication.
No evidence for an association between facial fluctuating asymmetry and vocal attractiveness in men and women
Authors: Kordsmeyer Tobias L. , Thies Yasmin T. K. , Ekrami Omid , Stern Julia , Schild Christoph , Spoiala Cristina , Claes Peter , van Dongen Stefan , Penke Lars
Published: January 2020

Facial fluctuating asymmetry (FA), presumably a proxy measure of developmental instability, has been proposed to inversely relate to vocal attractiveness, which may convey information on heritable fitness benefits. Using an improved method of measuring facial FA, we sought to replicate two recent studies that showed an inverse correlation of facial FA with vocal attractiveness. In two samples of men (N = 165) and women (N = 157), we investigated the association between automatically measured facial FA based on 3D face scans and male and female observer-rated attractiveness of voice recordings. No significant associations were found for men or women, also when controlling for facial attractiveness, age and BMI. Equivalence tests show that effect sizes were significantly smaller than previous meta-analytic effects, providing robust evidence against a link of facial FA with vocal attractiveness. Thus, our study contradicts earlier findings that vocal attractiveness may signal genetic quality in humans via an association with FA.
General Causality Orientations in Self-Determination Theory: Meta-Analysis and Test of a Process Model
Authors: Hagger Martin S , Hamilton Kyra
Published: January 2020

Causality orientations theory, a key sub-theory of self-determination theory, identifies three distinct causality orientations: autonomy, control, and impersonal orientation. The theory proposes generalized effects of the orientations on motivation and behavior. We meta-analyzed studies (k=83) testing relations between causality orientations, forms of motivation from self-determination theory, and behavior. Pooled data were used to test a process model in which autonomous and controlled forms of motivation mediated relations between causality orientations and behavior. Results revealed that autonomy and control orientations were positively correlated with autonomous and controlled forms of motivation, respectively. Impersonal orientation was correlated negatively with autonomy orientation and autonomous forms of motivation, and positively with control orientation and controlled forms of motivation. Process model tests revealed total effects of autonomy orientation on behavior, comprising direct and indirect effects through autonomous motivation, and a positive direct effect of control orientation on behavior and a negative indirect effect through controlled motivation, resulting in a zero total effect. Analysis of age, gender, behavior type, study design, and study quality revealed few moderator effects on model relations. Findings support effects of autonomy orientation on motivation and behavior, and the processes involved, and identifies constructs that could be targeted, or circumvented, in behavioral interventions.
Rationalität in der Praxis: Definitionen, Herausforderungen, Optimierungsstrategien
Authors: Kovic Marko
Published: January 2020

Dieses Grundlagenpapier bietet einen Überblick über das Thema (Ir-)Rationalität und dessen praktische Bedeutung. Das Dokument besteht aus drei Teilen. Zunächst wird das Konzept Rationalität philosophisch eingeordnet. Danach werden die praktischen Probleme, welche zu irrationalem Denken und Entscheiden führen, beschrieben. Zuletzt werden die Ansätze des Nudging, Debiasing und Red Teaming vorgestellt, mit denen Irrationalität in der Praxis angegangen werden kann.
Cancer patients in complementary and alternative medicine: More harm
Authors: Adhikari Abish , Adhikari Rupendra Bahadur
Published: January 2020

Not available.
Comparison of single shot caudal Ropivacaine and Bupivacaine in paediatric patients undergoing herniotomy
Authors: Ravi Rishabh , Shakya Bigen Man , Shrestha Anil
Published: January 2020

Background: Inguinal hernia repair is a common surgical procedure in children. Caudal block is an appropriate technique for the treatment of post operative pain in children undergoing herniotomy. This study compared the effects of Ropivacaine and Bupivacaine in caudal block in children undergoing herniotomy.

Methodology: A total of 74 patients between 5-16 yrs undergoing herniotomy were randomized in two groups. In Group B, 0.75ml/kg of 0.25% caudal Bupivacaine was administered whereas Group R received 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% caudal Ropivacaine. Pain score was assessed using Wong Baker pain scale in post operative period and motor power was assessed using modified Bromage scale till 6 hours.

Results: The mean duration of post operative analgesia was found to be 253.51 ± 11.48 minutes in Bupivacaine and 258.1 ± 12.10 minutes in Ropivacaine group. The median duration of motor block was 180 (Q1 60- Q3 180) minutes in Bupivacaine and 30 (Q1 22.5- Q3 45) minutes in Ropivacaine group which was statistically significant. There was complete recovery of motor block by 2 hour in Ropivacaine and by 4 hour in Bupivacaine group. (p value< 0.001).

Conclusion: From the current study, it is concluded that caudal Ropivacaine at 0.25% concentration and 0.75ml/ kg provides similar duration of post operative analgesia with less motor block in comparison to Bupivacaine.
Life style factors associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shrestha Bikash , Nepal Bipin , Shakya Yagya Laxmi , Regmi Binaya
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the commonest form of diabetes affecting more than 90% of the diabetic population worldwide. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and its complications are increasing in the world, including developing nations like Nepal. This study aimed to determine the association between the lifestyle risk factors and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Nepalese population.

Methods: This is hospital based cross sectional observational study done in the urban area of Nepal. Records of clients coming for the general health checkup in Grande International Hospital were evaluated in this study. Comparisons of the lifestyle factors in participants having and not having type 2 diabetes mellitus were done.

Results: Significant associations with diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 were seen in age (P ≤ 0.001), associated hypertension (P ≤ 0.001), dyslipidemia, family history of DM (P ≤ 0.001), alcohol use (P ≤ 0.001), and tobacco use (P ≤ 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of having diabetes were high in age group above 40 (OR – 6.9, CI 3.82 – 12.47), history of hypertension (OR- 3.84, CI 2.42 – 6.08), tobacco users (OR-2.26, CI 1.12 – 4.53), alcohol users (OR-3.99, CI 2.47 – 6.44), family history of DM (OR-2.44, CI 1.53 – 3.89), and abdominal obesity in both males (OR-3.9, CI 2 – 7.4) and females (OR-9.6, CI 3.78 – 24.35).

Conclusions: The modifiable risk factors - obesity, smoking and alcohol use carry significant risks of developing type 2 diabetes. These red flag signs call for urgent attention to look for and rectify the modifiable risk factors in Nepalese population to prevent diabetes.
ABO blood group discrepancies: Study of prevalence and related factors
Authors: Nepal Bipin , Shrestha Bikash , Maharjan Sabindra , Bhasima Sunil , Shrestha Shrawan Kumar
Published: January 2020

Background: ABO discrepancy is any deviation from the expected pattern of red cell antigen grouping with serum-grouping or when the forward-grouping results do not correlate with reverse-grouping results. This study was done to determine the incidence and causes of ABO discrepancies and to identify the correct blood group for safe blood transfusions.

Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study. It was done on 9970 samples collected between June 2017and May 2018. All ABO typing records kept at the Grande International Hospital (GIH) blood bank laboratory were reviewed.

Results: During the study period, 9970 blood grouping tests were performed. ABO discrepancies occurred in 26 of them. Discrepancies were more prevalent in the age of 20-30 and 30-40 years. Majority were seen in patients with history of pregnancy/miscarriage (30%) and with any Carcinoma (23%). The most common blood group involved was B with 34% frequency. 96% were reverse discrepancy type, 84% with extra antibody which was resolved by incubating the sample at 37°C for 30 minutes signifying most probably A and B subgroups and auto/allo antibodies.

Conclusion: This study emphasizes the need of considering ABO discrepancies in blood banks for donors and recipients for safe blood transfusion to avoid any fatal complications. This discrepancy ratio of 1/384 is more than in other studied population of other countries and also higher than ABO mismatched transfusion in standard centers in Nepal. Repeat testing and investigating for ABO subgroups and auto/allo antibodies is important.
Epidemiological study of spine cases admitted at Grande International Hospital
Authors: Khan Javed Ahmad , Bijukachhe Binod , Joshi Gyanendra , Dahal Ram Krishna
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Our institution is tertiary care centre and referral centre for spine surgery. We like to share the epidemiological parameters of the case treated here.

Methods: This is retrospective, descriptive study conducted from 2013 to August 2018. All the data retrieved from hospital information system of admitted patients and demographic presentations, disease pattern, region of involvement were analyzed.

Result: There were a total of 698 patients. Male were 262(37.5%) and female were 436(62.5%). Age wise distribution ranged from 2 years to 85 years. Maximum numbers of patients were from 31 to 60 years (57.5%) and there were only 3% of cases less than 15 years and above 76 years. 30.2% cases were related to trauma, 29.8% of cases were related to disc pathology, followed by degenerative diseases 13%, infection 9.2%, and 5.4% were of tumors 8.7 % were cases were not classified in the above categories. There were 56.7% cases from lumbosacral region, 16.3% cases from thoracic region, 13.2% cases from cervical region, 5.7% cases were from multiple regions. 0.3% were of generalized nature which could not be classified.

Conclusion: Spinal diseases are more common in female population, more frequent in third to sixth decade of life. Highest numbers of cases were from traumatic cause followed by degenerative disc diseases. Lumbosacral region is most commonly affected.
Paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma - A case report
Authors: Kayastha Prakash , Poudel Sharma , Bhandari Rajan Mani , Gyawali Prem Raj , Banstola Shova
Published: January 2020

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor of muscular origin. It comprises the most common soft tissue tumor in children accounting for approximately 5-8% of childhood cancers. Here we present a case of paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma in a 13-year male child who was referred for ultrasonic examination (USG) to the department of radiology for evaluation of right scrotal swelling with pain for few months. Paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare non germ cell tumor of scrotal sac in children and young adult/teens which can invade testis at presentation. We review the epidemiology, histology, clinical presentation, staging and prognosis of paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma and discuss the role of radiology in their management.
Importance of moisturizers in skin
Authors: Shrestha Rushma , Karki Anupama , Parajuli Niraj
Published: January 2020

Not available.
Role of Micro ESR in the Evaluation of Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Kafle Raju , Yadav Jaydeep , Gupta Binod Kumar , Gupta Badri Kumar
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION: In a developing country like Nepal, where proper medical care and obstetrical facilities are still scarce in the rural areas, neonatal sepsis is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. With limited resources, early diagnosis and treatment if crucial, may not be achieved. Objective of this study is to evaluate the role of micro ESR in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective analytical study was done where all neonates with suspected sepsis admitted in NICU were included in the study. Micro-ESR was measured with relevant septic screening investigations. The micro-ESR was compared with age specific cut off value and the results were compared with various clinical presentations, laboratory findings and outcome variables.

RESULTS: Out of 250 neonates, micro-ESR was elevated in 12% (29 neonates) of cases. Total proven sepsis is 6%, probable sepsis 60.8% and no sepsis in 33.2%. Correlation of elevated micro ESR was statistically significant with presence of clinical symptoms, clinical and systemic signs. It had significant clinical association with blood culture and CSF findings. The sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive value of micro ESR compared to blood culture was 93.3%, 93.6%, 48.3% and 99.5%.

CONCLUSION:- Micro ESR is a simple, relatively cheap and sensitive study in prediction of neonatal sepsis. It can be useful test in settings with limited resources.
Analgesic Efficacy and Tolerability of Tramadol Versus Low Dose Tramadol-Paracetamol in Patients with Gastro Intestinal Surgery
Authors: Nepal Monica , Paudel Rama , Poudel Rajesh , Gautam Narayan
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION: Analgesic regimens with an improved efficacy and tolerability balance have potential to improve acute pain management, and thus reduce the progression into chronic pain. Hence, an opportunity was gained to compare analgesic efficacy and tolerability of Tramadol (T) 1.5 mg/kg versus low dose Tramadol 1mg/kg-Paracetamol 1000mg (T-P) in patient with Gastro Intestinal (GI) surgery.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was a hospital based prospective, observational study conducted in sixty post-operative GI surgery patient at Universal College of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital, Ranigaon, Bhairahawa, Nepal. One group received Tramadol 1.5mg/kg (n=30) while the other group received Tramadol 1mg/kg with Paracetamol 1000 mg (n=30). The primary efficacy outcome measures were pain intensity difference (PID) and sum of pain intensity difference (SPID) whereas secondary efficacy measures included number of patient who require rescue medication, haemodynamic parameter, their quality of sleep in the night and satisfaction with their medication. For tolerability, adverse effect was noted that occurred during study time intervals.

RESULTS: Mean pain intensity differences assessed on Numerical Rating Scores (NRS) were significantly better for Group T-P compared to Group T at all the points except 0.5, 1 and 6 hrs. The sum of pain intensity difference over 8, 16, 24, 48 hrs for Group T-P was significantly superior to Group T. Two patients in Tramadol group required rescue medication. Satisfaction to the pain medication was comparatively higher for Tramadol-Paracetamol group.

CONCLUSION :- Tramadol-Paracetamol had more pronounced analgesic effect with lower incidence of side effect than Tramadol alone. Thus, low dose Tramadol-Paracetamol is better option for management of post-operative pain in patient with GI surgery.
Normal Kidney Size in Nepalese Female at KMCTH
Authors: Badu Muna , Rajbhandari Shankar Bahadur Singh , Regmi Pashupati
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION: Baseline knowledge of normal kidney size is essential when evaluating patients with possible renal disease. This study was done to assess normal kidney size in Nepalese female at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital.

 MATERIALAND METHODS:  Prospective hospital based cross sectional study was conducted including 231 adult females without any known renal diseases from  November  2018  to February 2019. Renal length was measured as longest pole to pole distance. Renal width was measured as the maximum dimension in the cross section at the level of the renal hilum. Cortical thickness was measured between outer renal margin and renal sinus in transverse plane.

 RESULTS: The mean length of right and left kidneys were 96.53±8.29 mm and 100.47±9.15 mm respectively with a range of 76-120 mm and 78-120 mm respectively. The mean renal width was 46.80±6.87 mm for right kidneys and 48.61±6.64 mm for left kidneys. The mean cortical thickness were 17.03±3.58 mm for right kidneys and 17.43±3.73 mm for left kidneys. There was significant correlation between length of right and left kidney, however there was no significant correlation between kidney length with kidney width and kidney length with cortical thickness. There was no significant correlation of renal parameters with age, height, weight and body mass index.

 CONCLUSION: Normal kidney size of Nepalese females visiting Kathmandu Medical College was comparable to the previous studies. This will help as future reference to evaluate abnormal kidney sizes.
The Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty among Nursing Staff
Authors: Shrestha Neelam , Shrestha Pragya , Yadav Roshan Dev
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION: Percutaneous Transluminal coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) is an increasingly important revascularization strategy in coronary artery disease management and can be an emergent planned or rescue procedure. Nurses play a critical role in delivering care both in the independent and collaborative contexts of PTCA management. To improve the care given to patients, it is important to base practice on high level evidence. The study was carried out to assess the knowledge regarding percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty among nursing staffs and to evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:  Quasi experimental one group pre-test post-test research was done. The target population for the study were nursing staffs working in Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS), Bhairahawa and those who were willing to participate were included in the study and non-willing staffs were excluded. The total duration of study was three months from 25/07/2018 to 22/10/2018.Convenient sampling technique was used for the study. Among 102 nursing staffs, 62 nursing staffs were participated in the study. The time taken to complete the demographic data and questionnaire was 20-30 minutes. On the same day after the pre-test video assisted teaching programme was administered to the subject to assess the knowledge regarding Percutaneous Transluminal coronary angioplasty. Post-test was conducted with the same questionnaire on the seventh day of pre-test.  Data was collected using structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0.

RESULTS: The findings of the study revealed that only 1.6% of the nurses had adequate level of knowledge before video assisted teaching programme which increased to 64.5% in post-test.

CONCLUSION: The knowledge score of most of the nurses on PTCA was moderate before the administration of video assisted teaching programme whereas as most of the nurses had adequate knowledge score after the teaching. There was overall gain in knowledge score following the video assisted teaching programme