bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The anti-diabetic effects of NAG-1/GDF15 on HFD/STZ-induced mice
Authors: Lertpatipanpong Pattawika , Lee Jaehak , Kim Ilju , Eling Thomas , Oh Seung Yeon , Seong Je Kyung , Baek Seung Joon
Published: July 2021

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-activated gene-1 (NAG-1) plays a role in various diseases. Here, the anti-diabetic effects of NAG-1 were evaluated using a high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model. NAG-1-overexpressing transgenic (NAG-1 Tg) mice exhibited lower body weight, fasting blood glucose levels, and serum insulin levels than wild-type (WT) mice. The homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance scores of NAG-1 Tg mice were lower than those of WT mice. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed a smaller lipid droplet size in the adipose tissues, lower lipid accumulation in the hepatocytes, and larger beta cell area in the pancreas of NAG-1 Tg mice than in those of WT mice. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed downregulated expression of cleaved caspase-3, an apoptosis marker, in the beta cells of NAG-1 Tg mice. Adiponectin and leptin mRNA levels were upregulated and downregulated in NAG-1 Tg mice, respectively. Additionally, the expression of IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway components, especially Foxo1, which regulates gluconeogenesis in the muscle and white adipose tissue, was downregulated in NAG-1 Tg mice. Furthermore, NAG-1 overexpression promoted the expression of As160 in both muscles and adipocytes, and the mRNA levels of the NLRP3 pathway members were downregulated in NAG-1 Tg mice. Our findings suggest that NAG-1 expression alleviates diabetes in mice.
The use of diversity indices for local assessment of marine sediment quality
Authors: Hosokawa Shinya , Momota Kyosuke , Chariton Anthony A. , Naito Ryoji , Nakamura Yoshiyuki
Published: July 2021

Diversity indices are commonly used to measure changes in marine benthic communities. However, the reliability (and therefore suitability) of these indices for detecting environmental change is often unclear because of small sample size and the inappropriate choice of communities for analysis. This study explored uncertainties in taxonomic density and two indices of community structure in our target region, Japan, and in two local areas within this region, and explored potential solutions. Our analysis of the Japanese regional dataset showed a decrease in family density and a dominance of a few species as sediment conditions become degraded. Local case studies showed that species density is affected by sediment degradation at sites where multiple communities coexist. However, two indices of community structure could become insensitive because of masking by community variability, and small sample size sometimes caused misleading or inaccurate estimates of these indices. We conclude that species density is a sensitive indicator of change in marine benthic communities, and emphasise that indices of community structure should only be used when the community structure of the target community is distinguishable from other coexisting communities and there is sufficient sample size.
New insight on the role of localisation in the electronic structure of the Si(111)(7 × 7) surfaces
Authors: Dávila M. E. , Ávila J. , Colambo I. R. , Putungan D. B. , Woodruff D. P. , Asensio M. C.
Published: July 2021

New angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) data, recorded at several different photon energies from the Si(111)(7 × 7) surface, show that the well-known S1 and S2 surface states that lie in the bulk band gap are localised at specific (adatom and rest atom) sites on the reconstructed surface. The variations in the photoemission intensity from these states as a function of polar and azimuthal emission angle, and incident photon energy, are not consistent with Fermi surface mapping but are well-described by calculations of the multiple elastic scattering in the final state. This localisation of the most shallowly bound S1 state is consistent with the lack of significant dispersion, with no evidence of Fermi surface crossing, implying that the surface is not, as has been previously proposed, metallic in character. Our findings highlight the importance of final state scattering in interpreting ARPES data, an aspect that is routinely ignored and can lead to misleading conclusions.
Extracellular DNA released by glycine-auxotrophic Staphylococcus epidermidis small colony variant facilitates catheter-related infections
Authors: Liu Junlan , Shen Zhen , Tang Jin , Huang Qian , Jian Ying , Liu Yao , Wang Yanan , Ma Xiaowei , Liu Qian , He Lei , Li Min
Published: July 2021

Though a definitive link between small colony variants (SCVs) and implant-related staphylococcal infections has been well-established, the specific underlying mechanism remains an ill-explored field. The present study analyzes the role SCVs play in catheter infection by performing genomic and metabolic analyses, as well as analyzing biofilm formation and impacts of glycine on growth and peptidoglycan-linking rate, on a clinically typical Staphylococcus epidermidis case harboring stable SCV, normal counterpart (NC) and nonstable SCV. Our findings reveal that S. epidermidis stable SCV carries mutations involved in various metabolic processes. Metabolome analyses demonstrate that two biosynthetic pathways are apparently disturbed in SCV. One is glycine biosynthesis, which contributes to remarkable glycine shortage, and supplementation of glycine restores growth and peptidoglycan-linking rate of SCV. The other is overflow of pyruvic acid and acetyl-CoA, leading to excessive acetate. SCV demonstrates higher biofilm-forming ability due to rapid autolysis and subsequent eDNA release. Despite a remarkable decline in cell viability, SCV can facilitate in vitro biofilm formation and in vivo survival of NC when co-infected with its normal counterparts. This work illustrates an intriguing strategy utilized by a glycine-auxotrophic clinical S. epidermidis SCV isolate to facilitate biofilm-related infections, and casts a new light on the role of SCV in persistent infections.
Tumor-derived NKG2D ligand sMIC reprograms NK cells to an inflammatory phenotype through CBM signalosome activation
Authors: Dhar Payal , Basher Fahmin , Ji Zhe , Huang Lei , Qin Si , Wainwright Derek A. , Robinson Jerid , Hagler Shaye , Zhou Jing , MacKay Sean , Wu Jennifer D.
Published: July 2021

Natural Killer (NK) cell dysfunction is associated with poorer clinical outcome in cancer patients. What regulates NK cell dysfunction in tumor microenvironment is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that the human tumor-derived NKG2D ligand soluble MIC (sMIC) reprograms NK cell to secrete pro-tumorigenic cytokines with diminished cytotoxicity and polyfunctional potential. Antibody clearing sMIC restores NK cell to a normal cytotoxic effector functional state. We discovered that sMIC selectively activates the CBM-signalosome inflammatory pathways in NK cells. Conversely, tumor cell membrane-bound MIC (mMIC) stimulates NK cell cytotoxicity through activating PLC2γ2/SLP-76/Vav1 pathway. Ultimately, antibody targeting sMIC effectuated the in vivo anti-tumor effect of adoptively transferred NK cells. Our findings uncover an unrecognized mechanism that could instruct NK cell to a dysfunctional state in response to cues in the tumor microenvironment. Our findings provide a rationale for co-targeting sMIC to enhance the efficacy of the ongoing NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy.
A water-stable open-framework zirconium(iv) phosphate and its water-assisted high proton conductivity
Authors: Yu Jing-Wei , Yu Hai-Jiao , Yao Zhi-Yuan , Li Zi-Han , Ren Qiu , Luo Hong-Bin , Zou Yang , Wang Lifeng , Ren Xiao-Ming
Published: July 2021

A water stable open-framework zirconium(iv) phosphate (ZrP) has a low anhydrous proton conductivity of 7.73 × 10−7 S cm−1 at 220 °C, and a water assisted high proton conductivity of 4.41 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 60 °C and 98% RH.
Molecular dynamics: a powerful tool for studying the medicinal chemistry of ion channel modulators
Authors: Şterbuleac Daniel
Published: July 2021

The most important fields of molecular dynamics involved in investigating the interactions between chemical compounds and ion channels are reviewed, and a selection of case studies and their approaches is analysed and put into context.
Transcriptome features of striated muscle aging and predictability of protein level changes
Authors: Han Yu , Li Lauren Z. , Kastury Nikhitha L. , Thomas Cody T. , Lam Maggie P. Y. , Lau Edward
Published: July 2021

We performed a multi-omics analysis to examine the molecular mechanisms of aging in the mouse skeletal and cardiac muscles. A computational workflow is developed to filter transcriptomics data based on how well might predict protein level changes.
Influence of Ag nanoparticles anchored on protonated g-C3N4–Bi2MoO6 nanocomposites for effective antibiotic and organic pollutant degradation
Authors: Govinda raj Muniyandi , Vijayakumar Elayaperumal , Neppolian Bernaurdshaw , Lakhera Sandeep Kumar , Bosco Aruljothy John
Published: July 2021

The development of noble metal-anchored semiconductors for photocatalytic processes is now garnering interest for potential application to toxic pollutants as well as antibiotic degradation.
Rational synthesis of a hierarchical Mo2C/C nanosheet composite with enhanced lithium storage properties
Authors: Yue Xin , Cao Minglei , Wu Limeng , Chen Wei , Li Xingxing , Ma Yanan , Zhang Chuankun
Published: July 2021

The hierarchical Mo2C/C nanosheet composite exhibits excellent cyclability owing to its structural and kinetic advantages.
Correction: Terephthalate and trimesate metal–organic frameworks of Mn, Co, and Ni: exploring photostability by spectroscopy
Authors: Gupta Nishesh Kumar , Bae Jiyeol , Kim Suho , Kim Kwang Soo
Published: July 2021

Correction for ‘Terephthalate and trimesate metal–organic frameworks of Mn, Co, and Ni: exploring photostability by spectroscopy’ by Nishesh Kumar Gupta et al., RSC Adv., 2021, 11, 8951–8962, DOI: 10.1039/D1RA00181G.
The contact angle of an evaporating droplet of a binary solution on a super wetting surface
Authors: Wu Mengmeng , Doi Masao , Man Xingkun
Published: July 2021

Pseudo-constant contact angle appears in evaporating binary droplets on supper-wetting surfaces.
Correction: Comparing different geometries for photovoltaic-thermoelectric hybrid devices based on organics
Authors: Jurado José P. , Dörling Bernhard , Zapata-Arteaga Osnat , Goñi Alejandro R. , Campoy-Quiles Mariano
Published: July 2021

Correction for ‘Comparing different geometries for photovoltaic-thermoelectric hybrid devices based on organics’ by José P. Jurado et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2021, 9, 2123–2132, DOI: 10.1039/D0TC05067A.
A Novel Hierarchical Framework for Measuring the Complexity and Irregularity of Multimodal Speech Signals and Its Application in the Assessment of Speech Impairment in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Rong Panying
Published: July 2021

Purpose

The purposes of this study are to develop a novel multimodal framework for measuring variability at the muscular, kinematic, and acoustic levels of the motor speech hierarchy and evaluate the utility of this framework in detecting speech impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Method

The myoelectric activities of three bilateral jaw muscle pairs (masseter, anterior temporalis, and anterior belly of digastric), jaw kinematics, and speech acoustics were recorded in 13 individuals with ALS and 10 neurologically healthy controls during sentence reading. Thirteen novel measures (six muscular, three kinematic, four acoustic), which characterized two different but interrelated aspects of variability—complexity and irregularity—were derived using linear and nonlinear methods. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to identify the latent factors underlying these measures. Based on the latent factors, three supervised classifiers—support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and logistic regression (Logit)—were used to differentiate between the speech samples for patients and controls.

Results

Four interpretable latent factors were identified, representing the complexity of jaw kinematics, the irregularity of jaw antagonists functioning, the irregularity of jaw agonists functioning, and the irregularity of subband acoustic signals, respectively. Based on these latent factors, the speech samples for patients and controls were classified with high accuracy (> 96% for SVM and RF; 88.64% for Logit), outperforming the unimodal measures. Two factors showed significant between-groups differences, as characterized by decreased complexity of jaw kinematics and increased irregularity of jaw antagonists functioning in patients versus controls.

Conclusions

Decreased complexity of jaw kinematics presumably reflects impaired fine control of jaw movement, while increased irregularity of jaw antagonists functioning could be attributed to reduced synchronization of motor unit firing in ALS. The findings provide preliminary evidence for the utility of the multimodal framework as a novel quantitative assessment tool for detecting speech impairment in ALS and (potentially) in other neuromotor disorders.
Transport delay assessment at signalized intersections feeding focal points
Authors: Zedgenizov Anton , Solodkiy Aleksandr , Silinsky Ivan
Published: July 2021

The article focuses on the issues of organizing transport services for visitors of the focal points (FP) using individual transport (IT). The main factors influencing the generation of transport demand arising from the focal points functioning are considered. The authors present the mathematical models that allow assessing the following variables: the traffic flow intensity arising during the transport service of individual transport users both at the entrance to the focal point territory and at the exit from it; the value of the load factor of the given group of lanes at the signalized intersection; the value of delay that occurs when visiting focal units using individual transport. The authors elaborate recommendations for the practical application of the considered mathematical models while organizing transport services for focal points visitors using individual transport.
Efficiency of vehicle operation in the context of digital transformation of transportation technologies
Authors: Kochegura Denis
Published: July 2021

The paper describes the features of planning in-house technological, transport and logistics processes of a resource-extracting complex. The factors influencing the transport capacity of production processes and their situational analysis are given. The directions of optimization of related interrelated processes based on digital transformation of characteristic indicators and their step-by-step iteration are proposed
Fatigue management methodology in aircraft maintenance as a way of reducing errors related to the human factor
Authors: Rybalkina Alexandra , Enikeev Ruslan
Published: July 2021

Maintenance staff fatigue is one of the key factors contributing to the occurrence of errors in the maintenance. The problem of maintenance staff fatigue is a serious challenge for aircraft maintenance organizations, and its solution is directly related to the impact on flight safety. The authors consider the issues of the fatigue effect on the maintenance staff performance and related consequences. The article provides the results of the maintenance staff fatigue research, obtained through a survey of one of the organizations` employees. According to the survey, errors are the most likely outcome of work in a state of fatigue in aircraft maintenance. The obtained results made it necessary to develop a methodology for managing maintenance staff fatigue in aircraft maintenance. The methodology is based on a questionnaire, where the respondents are asked to answer questions regarding their state of fatigue, and fatigue assessment criteria. The assessment results make it possible to develop the necessary corrective and preventive measures, including the privilege limitation and suspension to perform maintenance tasks.
Designing a compact helmet for a motorcycle
Authors: Gaevsky Vitaly , Sidorenko Tatiana , Andreev Egor , Nefedkin Aanatoly
Published: July 2021

The paper considers the issues of increasing the passive safety of motor vehicles. The designs of modern helmets are shown, the positive and negative sides are considered, and the systems of their certification are considered. Aspects of creating compact helmets and a conceptual folding helmet are discussed. The design of a folding helmet, the material for making it, is proposed.
Staffing analysis of the regional motor transport complex (by the case of the Orenburg region)
Authors: Yakunin Nicolay , Yakunina Natalya , Kotov Vitaliy , Kabanova Olga
Published: July 2021

The article defines the quantitative staff characteristics of road transport and vehicles of economic entities of various organizational and legal forms and departmental subordination. The dependences of the personnel number on the vehicles number were obtained, which made it possible to determine the need for the motor complex of the Orenburg region in labor resources, also the share of road transport workers in the total structure of the working population was determined. The work establishes the values of the staffing characteristics of motor transport enterprises, taking into account the levels of education and forms of ownership, which made it possible to determine the need for the motor transport complex of the Orenburg region in personnel.
Role of time in implementation of innovative technologies
Authors: Borovik Vitaly S. , Skorobogatchenko Dmitry , Borovik Vitaly V. , Borovik Alexandra
Published: July 2021

Time is considered as production resource, which determines the need for its effective use in connection with other production resources. The problem consists in the inconsistency of the results of the existing forecasting system of production which are founded on modern concepts of space and time. The theoretical positions of Galilean, A. Lorentz and G. Minkowski were analyzed. A. Einstein’s explanations regarding the use of the velocity of light in vacuum as a constant in the well-known dependency for the generalized four-dimensional space were studied. An attempt is made to solve the applied problem in space and time, taking as a constant, for example, standard or maximum possible, (calculated) productivity.
Creation of modified friction surfaces
Authors: Gorin Andrei , Novikov Alexandr , Karpeeva Svetlana , Tokmakovа Мaria
Published: July 2021

The article provides information on the creation of modified friction surfaces. The results of the analysis of the applied antifriction film coatings are presented. One of the main problems in the application of thin film coatings is the lack of technological modes recommended by the manufacturer. The composition of the film anti-friction coating is described. The results of experimental studies of the deposition of thin film coatings are presented. Selected pneumatic spray gun for depositing of thin film coating. A series of experiments were carried out to identify the technological modes of applying thin film coatings. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results of applying thin film coatings has been carried out. A functional diagram of the application of an antifriction film coating is proposed. On the basis of the conclusions made, recommendations are given on the technological modes of applying thin film antifriction coatings on the modified friction surface.
Investigation of the microhardness of the W-Ni-Fe powder alloy used for the restoration of machine parts
Authors: Ageev Evgeny , Karpeeva Svetlana
Published: July 2021

The paper presents the results of a study of the microhardness of the WNF-95 sintered electroerosive powder alloy. Powder alloy W-Ni-Fe95 was obtained by electroerosive dispersion of tungsten-containing waste in a kerosene medium. The resulting electroerosive powder alloy W-Ni-Fe 95was pressed in a vacuum chamber and sintered by the method of spark plasma sintering. The aim of this work was to study the microhardness of the WNF-95 sintered powder alloy obtained by the electroerosive dispersion of tungsten-containing waste in a kerosene medium. It has been established that the microhardness of samples sintered by the method of spark plasma sintering from particles of W-Ni-Fe 95alloy dispersed by electric erosion obtained in lighting kerosene is 2185.8 MPa and 2268.0 MPa, indicating their suitability for the manufacture of tungsten-nickel-iron alloys.
The solving of optimizing the structure of a transport node problem by the fuzzy set method
Authors: Kushchenko Liliya , Kushchenko Sergey
Published: July 2021

One of the main tasks in the road traffic organization is to create fast, convenient and safe traffic on the road network. For this purpose, the main factors influencing the technical and economic indicators for the construction of intersections of various complexity are determined [1, 2]. These include: capital costs, taking into account reconstruction and installation; the area of the territory for the intersection device; the degree of danger of the intersection; maintenance costs; accident rate of the site; road capacity; impact on the environmental situation of the environment.
Development of business processes of distance educational activities at higher educational institutions using the experience of foreign countries against the backdrop of pandemic (by the example of MSTUCA)
Authors: Kachalova Anastasiia
Published: July 2021

This article examines the problem of distance educational activities at higher educational institutions against the backdrop of pandemic. The article compares the work of foreign HEIs and the results of their activities. Particular attention is paid to distance education at Russian HEIs, including the Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation. The characteristic features of business processes of distance educational activities at the university using applied programs are determined and described. This problem has been little studied and requires further research.
Influence of the technical operation of passenger road transport on the quality indicators of transportation in interregional traffic
Authors: Epifanov Vyacheslav , Obshivalkin Michael , Generalova Kristina
Published: July 2021

In order to improve transport services for the population, it is necessary, based on the accumulated experience and wishes of passengers, to carefully study and analyze information on the quality of transport services. This requires the development of modern methods that will effectively improve the level of transport activities. The main prerequisites will be the development of methodological regulations for the organization of the transport process, which will primarily relate to improving its quality and safety. The article establishes the relationship of factors affecting the efficiency of technical operation of the vehicle, which in turn affects the quality indicators of inter-municipal passenger traffic. Quality scores are considered simple to calculate and easy to use; Quality indicators are formed in such a way that they can be used to judge the activities of carriers in the field of improving the quality of the transport process and, thus, to separate the quality aspects that depend and do not depend on their activities. The article uses indicators developed on the basis of the requirements of quality standards for transport services. Such an approach in the process of managing passenger traffic in intermunicipal traffic can greatly contribute to improving the quality of service to the population by intermunicipal road transport. The analysis made it possible to establish modern features of the functioning of passenger traffic in intermunicipal traffic and outline ways to improve the quality of transportation and the efficiency of passenger road transport, of which, first of all, one can single out: increasing the efficiency of using road transport, reducing transport costs, developing the production and technical base. and maintenance and repair technologies.
Parameterization of the ABS electronic control unit for increasing the autonomous trucks’ active safety
Authors: Begizhonov Shakhrom , Buyvol Polina , Makarova Irina , Tsybunov Eduard
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the issue of improving the autonomous vehicles safety. The anti-lock braking system was chosen as the object of the study, since it is one of the components of the vehicle active safety during emergency braking. Its functioning varies depending on parameters such as vehicle type, transmission type, external and internal steering wheel angles. It is necessary to parameterize correctly the electronic control unit of the anti-lock braking system depending on the specific values of these parameters. For this, a software module was developed that reads the values of the vehicle parameters from a file and sends their array to the electronic control unit. Then we can check the result: how the block responded to the sent request -positively or negatively. All this will speed up the parameterization process, increase its accuracy, preventing the occurrence of operator errors during its implementation.
Application of intelligent analysis to identify defective vehicle components
Authors: Voroshilov Aleksandr , Buyvol Polina
Published: July 2021

The article shows the possibility of using intelligent analysis in a vehicle service when assessing the vehicle reliability. It was hypothesized that the use of association rules in diagnostics can increase the speed of repairs and the quality of customer service, allowing to identify the nodes that are highly likely to be faulty at the same time. For this, a knowledge base was built from the patterns obtained by applying association rules to the vehicle failure statistics. An application was implemented, which, on its basis, issues recommendations to the repair worker to check certain nodes based on the already identified defective nodes entered into the program. The proposed technique, together with the developed software tool, will optimize the diagnostic processes.
Monitoring of moving objects in the absence of a GSM signal
Authors: Rodimtsev Sergey , Psaryov Alexander , Chuykin Andrey
Published: July 2021

Many modern transport processes require constant on-line monitoring and management. However, the main difficulty lies in the lack of a stable GSM connection. One of the possible solutions to this issue is the use of MESH networks. These represent the possibility of wireless communication between multiple entities, which are nodes on a distributed network. The article presents the results of the development of original local radio modules and a base station to ensure uninterrupted transmission of digital data from the monitoring object, in conditions of insufficient GSM coverage. The complex provides the following operating modes: simple interaction via a GSM channel, data transmission via a self-organizing network, as well as sensory interaction between objects. In the absence of GSM communication, the repeater provides on-line data transmission from the monitoring object, at a distance of up to 860 m, at a distance from the base station - at least 500 m. The use of the new complex makes it possible to promptly respond to changes in operating factors and prevent emergency situations during the operation of vehicles.
Analytical determination of application point and normal reaction arm when rolling a wheel on a drum
Authors: Karelina Maria , Balabina Tatyana , Mamaev Alexey
Published: July 2021

Evaluation of the rolling resistance of car tires is now often performed on drum stands like car tests. This necessitates the study of the mechanics of interaction between the wheel and the drum in order to determine its force and kinematic characteristics, including the values and points of application of tangential and normal forces in contact with the drum. These problems can be solved taking into account that the mechanics of elastic wheel rolling on a drum is the same as when rolling on a flat rigid support surface. In this paper, from consideration of the mechanics of interaction between an elastic wheel and a drum, using the equations of power balance and force equilibrium of the wheel, the equations for determining the point of normal reaction in contact and its arm relative to the wheel axis during its rolling along one and two drums have been derived.. These dependencies have a simple form and can be applied when considering the rolling of both a single wheel and the car as a whole on a drum stand.
The social risk forecast indicator of the road traffic accidents in the territory of Khabarovsk and the Khabarovskiy krai
Authors: Pugachev Igor , Shcheglov Valentin , Kondratenko Tatiana , Umanets Irina
Published: July 2021

The paper analyzes the road traffic safety in the territory of Khabarovsk in 2011-2020 according to the following indicators: the severity of the accidents, the severity of the consequences, the social risk, the forecast indicator of the social risk in the city of Khabarovsk by 2024. The analysis is based on the exponential smoothing method using the statistical data of 2011-2020. The forecast indicator of the social risk is compared to the value established by the Road Safety Strategy in the Russian Federation for 2018 - 2024, as a target by 2024. An assessment of achieving the mortality rate reduction in the Khabarovskiy krai is also given. The impact of the pandemic consequences and the socio-economic situation on reducing the road accidents mortality are examined. The objective data on the costs increasing to support the population and business being evaluated, the target values are set by the national project in 2020 and the subsequent years. For the analysis, the empirical methods are used, such as: examining the results of the previous activities; the expert assessments; the methods of studying an object in time: retrospective, forecasting. The socio-economic factors are considered the most susceptible to reduce the traffic accidents mortality.
Development of public transport coordination systems in the Oryol urban agglomeration: problems and perspectives
Authors: Bodrov Andrei , Lomakin Denis , Gagarin Ilia , Simushkin Andrew
Published: July 2021

The article presents the structure of the subsystem named “Public transport coordination”, which comprises two obligatory modules and one optional. Within the framework of intelligent transport systems (ITS), this subsystem could be put into practice in the Oryol urban agglomeration.
Perspectives of the implementation of intelligent transport systems in the Oryol urban agglomeration
Authors: Bodrov Andrei , Lomakin Denis , Ivanov Oleg , Minaeva Ekaterina
Published: July 2021

In the presented work authors discuss and put under scrutiny perspectives of the implementation of intelligent transport systems (ITS) in urban agglomerations in the Russian Federation on the example of the Oryol urban agglomeration. The degree of readiness of the Oryol urban agglomeration for the implementation of intelligent transport systems was assessed by applying the following criteria: a) the state of traffic monitoring performance, b) the state of traffic management organization and road safety, c) the state of transport planning organization, d) the state of traffic administration, e) the degree of justification for the implementation (improvement) of ITS in the agglomeration, f) the level of development of ITS in the region, g) resource provision of ITS engineering systems.
Prospects of engine building transformation to the hydrogen-containing fuel
Authors: Barelko Viktor , Brizitsky Oleg , Kuznetsov Maxim , Parkin Ivan , Safonov Alexey
Published: July 2021

Promising developments in the field of engine building, associated with increasing of natural gas usage as a motor fuel for internal combustion engines (ICE), are presented. Technology of hydrogen-containing fuel composition forming created. Advantages of motor transport based on ICE with GHA: lower amount of toxic (reduction of CO release) of about 7 times; retention of existing infrastructure of fuel supply with decrease of fuel consumption of 12-17%; safety; reasonable combination of advantages of hydrocarbon and hydrogen power engineer. The perspectives of modified engines for the various interested organizations and ministries operating gasoline and diesel vehicles are discussed.
The method of rational organization of maintenance of light commercial vehicles of foreign production using specialized diagnostic tools at the motor transport company in cooperation with the branded service stations
Authors: Sarbaev Vladimir , Boldin Adolf , Bogumil Veniamin , Chusova Antonina
Published: July 2021

The article describes a method of rational organization of maintenance and repair of light commercial vehicles of foreign production using specialized diagnostic tools with the diagnosis in cooperation with branded service stations (BSS). The main purpose of using technical diagnostics tools is to reduce the time losses that occur when sending vehicles for maintenance, and to reduce the cost of maintenance and repair of foreign-made trucks undergoing maintenance and repair at a motor transport company (MTC) and at branded service stations. A simulation model is used as a tool for assessing the economic efficiency of various options for cooperation between a motor transport enterprise and a branded service station when performing maintenance and repair of light commercial vehicles of foreign production. The objective function of the simulation model contains components that estimate the loss of profit from the downtime of vehicles in the maintenance and repair area and the cost of organizing maintenance at the enterprise in cooperation with the company’s service station. A comparative analysis of each variant of the organization of cooperation is carried out with and without taking into account the use of diagnostics. The currentness of the described methodology is explained by the fact that in the field of production of services for maintenance and repair of light commercial vehicles, fundamental changes have occurred, caused by a change in the form of ownership of both transport enterprises and maintenance and repair enterprises. In addition, the widespread use of foreign-made light trucks has led to the emergence of branded service stations that have licenses to service and repair foreign cars during the warranty period. This circumstance fundamentally changes the scheme of servicing these vehicles and increases the downtime of expensive foreign-made cars for organizational reasons.
Innovative transport technologies for transportation along the Northern Sea Route
Authors: Alpatov Anton , Zyryanov Vladimir , Alpatova Ekaterina , Markarian Julia
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the study of innovative transport technologies for the transportation of liquefied natural gas by sea along the Northern Sea Route. The attention of the researchers was directed to the study of innovative mooring technologies in the conditions of the Far North. In the case of cargo transportation of gas along the Northern Sea Route, there is a need for continuous movement in view of the peculiarities of the Arctic Ocean and the danger of icing and stopping the cargo flow. To ensure the continuity of the cargo flow along the Northern Sea Route, it is necessary to provide refueling of sea transport, for this purpose, the introduction of an innovative system of hydraulic magnetic fenders is proposed. The application of this innovative technology consists in the use of electromagnetic equipment for the fender system when bunkering at sea on the “ship to ship” principle and the port harbor instead of the traditional mooring principle. It is used to improve the mooring process several times, which leads to increased economic efficiency and additional safety of crew members, and as an additional means of overcoming the ice barrier, which is a feature of the Northern Sea Route.
Building an information model in wheel-rail tribosystem control tasks
Authors: Korchagin Vadim , Kosmodamianskiy Andrey , Vorobiev Vladimir
Published: July 2021

The issues of filling the information model with data on the state of the wheel-rail tribosystem are considered. The “Program for modeling the transverse position of a wheelset in a track” is used, and the main modules of the program are described. The geometrical parameters of the contact of the wheel profile with the rail profile are obtained. The values of the nominal contact of the wheel with the rail for the extreme and intermediate positions of the wheel pair in the rail track are calculated. The displacement of the wheelset in the rail track, its slope, and the width of the contact of the wheel with the rail, the gap between the wheel crest and the inner face of the rail are determined. The obtained data are compared with the results of the experiment.
Search for system solutions for the development of parking space in the residential area of the Maykop urban agglomeration
Authors: Akhunova Inna , Tlekhurai-Berzegova Larisa , Guk Galina
Published: July 2021

The growing number of personal cars in cities has given rise to the problem of congestion of city streets and roads, and as a result, a lack of parking spaces in the courtyards and adjoining territories of the existing residential development. One of the factors of chaotic parking of vehicles on the carriageway of the road network is the loading of courtyard and adjoining territories. As a result of the research carried out in this article, the authors propose system solutions for the development of parking space in the residential area of the urban agglomeration.
Expert poll in complex system projects – scientometric view on the trend of redundancy research
Authors: Egorov Victor , Rementsov Andrey , Egorovа Tatyana , Rementsov Alexander
Published: July 2021

When carrying out research works in the economic, political, sociological fields, as well as in the sphere of governance and in management, we widely apply the integral characteristics of a plenty of factors affecting the existence, functioning and further effectiveness of the existence of the object being studied - a social phenomenon, the development and extinction socio-political trends, the existence and stability of specific clusters of economic projects or some large technical projects, etc. Since the influence manifestations of different factors are different, for estimation of their influence complex (vector. To assess the impact, an analysis of expert opinions is carried out, often with multiple redundancy. Such an approach can lead not to an increase in reliability, but to the opposite result, certainly leading to an increase in the cost of preliminary analysis.
Analysis of vehicles complex displacement in the process of investigation of vehicle crash
Authors: Novikov Ivan , Degtyar Andrey , Lazarev Dmitriy , Makhonin Vitaliy
Published: July 2021

Nowadays, the vehicle crashes are the main problem concerned with automobilization growth, apart traffic management issues. The process of investigation of vehicle crash is an important task. There is very often the necessity to determine the vehicle crash mechanical device at each of its stages in order to determine the extent of responsibility of its participants, in the process of investigation of vehicle crash. However, it is not always possible due to the absence or efficiency of track conditions, on which the modern analysis models are currently based. The acquisition of general and inclusive model for vehicle displacement in the vehicle crash is the main task nowadays. The proposed model makes it possible to predict the vehicle displacement based on complex array of variables, at each mechanism’s stage during the compound motion based on the fundamental principles of engineering (theoretical) mechanics.
Methodical approach to the provision of spare parts for buses operating in tropical African countries
Authors: Ngendakumana Marcien , Rementsov Andrey , Еgorov Victor
Published: July 2021

The article shows the role and features of the operation of vehicles in the tropical region of Africa. The dependence of the reliability of the functioning of transportation company on the climate and local features of operation is noted. A methodological approach to the provision of spare parts for buses is proposed. The issues of management of spare parts reserves for the organization of maintenance and repair of buses are considered.
Einstellungen von Pflegefachkräften der stationären psychiatrischen Versorgung zu aufsuchenden Tätigkeiten
Authors: Kuntz Anja
Published: July 2021

Der psychiatrische Versorgungsauftrag verschiebt sich von der klassischen stationären Versorgung hin zu aufsuchenden Versorgungsangeboten. Ziel unserer Autorin war es, im Rahmen einer Forschungsarbeit die Einstellungen von Pflegefachkräften der stationären psychiatrischen Versorgung in Rheinland-Pfalz zu aufsuchenden Tätigkeiten zu erfassen. Die Ergebnisse sollen dazu dienen, auf die Rückmeldungen dieser Personengruppe einzugehen und beispielsweise Maßnahmen bezüglich der Rekrutierung, Qualifizierung oder Umstrukturierung innerhalb psychiatrischer Krankenhäuser abzuleiten.
Psychosoziale Therapie mit Klemmbausteinen
Authors: Eike Denecke Cord , Kirschstein Felix
Published: July 2021

In der Behandlung von Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen spielt es eine wichtige Rolle, Aktivitäten anzuregen und umzusetzen – hier kommen Klemmbausteine ins Spiel. Wie kognitive und soziale Fähigkeiten und Fertigkeiten spielerisch mithilfe von Klemmbausteinen trainiert werden können, schildern unsere Autoren.
Pain Relief by Analgesic Eardrops: Paradigm Shift in the Treatment of
Acute Otitis Media?
Authors: Michel Olaf
Published: July 2021

Acute otitis media is a common middle ear infection in children with the
predominant symptoms of hearing impairment and pain. If antibiotics are given,
they need time to have an effect on the inflammation, so the focus is on pain
control. For pain management local anesthetics have the advantage of lesser
systemic side effects but are still subject to scrutiny. In this review the
literature between 2000 and 2020 was systematically searched for investigating
studies and recommendation in guidelines against the background of the mode of
action. 11 clinical studies, 2 guidelines and 5 reports resp. reviews could be
identified. Contraindications and side effects were not found in these studies.
The analgesic ear drops showed in placebo-controlled studies a relatively short
duration of action when applied once but rapid onset of action. There is
evidence that analgesic ear drops could provide a first-line analgesia in otitis
media without systemic adverse effects such as gastrointestinal disturbance and
nausea and could support an antibiotic-saving wait-and-see attitude. The review
shows a change in attitude towards the recommendation to include local
anesthetics ear drops in otitis media but still there is a lack in treatment
protocols which go beyond a single administration. The results do not yet show a
significant paradigm shift. The reviews revealed indications that a more adapted
galenic preparation could give more effectiveness. Pharmaceutical research in
this field should be intensified to exploit the analgesic potential of local
anesthetic ear drops in acute otitis media.
Biomarker-Based Determination of Equiseti herba Contamination by Equisetum palustre Using HPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Nowak Monika , Tipke Isabel , Bücker Luise , Franke Kerstin , Lubienski Marcus , Beuerle Till
Published: July 2021

Equiseti herba has been traditionally indicated in bacterial diseases of the efferent urinary tract or bad healing wounds in many regions worldwide. Most of the plant material used for medical purposes comes from collections of wild growing plants. The European Pharmacopoeia requires that Equiseti herba should consist of a minimum of 95% Equisetum arvense and a maximum of 5% foreign ingredients. This includes Equisetum palustre, which is known for its potentially toxic alkaloid palustrine. However, both Equisetum species are quite common, look morphologically very similar, and share similar habitats, hence, are therefore often confused. Recently, several structurally related Equisetum alkaloids have been identified in E. palustre but not in E. arvense. We have established a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for the detection of these E. palustre-specific Equisetum alkaloids in order
to quantify the contamination of Equiseti herba (E. arvense) by E. palustre plant material. In a second, independent approach, the results of the HPLC-MS/MS analysis were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, looking for the species-specific characteristics of the stoma apparatus of E. palustre. Thirty-four Equiseti herba products obtained from different pharmacies, drug stores, supermarkets, and web stores were analyzed. The majority of the products (26 out of 34) were Equisetum alkaloid positive, with contents ranging from 0.29 – 21.7 mg of Equisetum alkaloids/kg (d. w.). In addition, the transfer of Equisetum alkaloids into tea infusions was investigated, demonstrating a 42 to 60% transfer rate for cold and hot water extraction of Equisetum alkaloid-contaminated Equiseti herba, respectively.
Quantitative Removal of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Essential Oils by the Hydrodistillation Step in Their Manufacturing Process
Authors: Giera David S. , Preisitsch Michael , Brevard Hugues , Nemetz Jörn
Published: July 2021

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are naturally occurring toxins produced by certain weeds that can, if accidentally co-harvested, contaminate plant-based food, feed, and herbal medicinal products. Focusing on herbal medicinal products, the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids is restricted by regulatory prescribed thresholds to assure patient safety. Among the multitude of different herbal active substances utilized in herbal medicinal products, the class of pharmaceutically effective essential oils is considered to exhibit a negligible contribution to pyrrolizidine alkaloid contamination. Within the present investigation, this hypothesis should be scientifically scrutinized. For this purpose, an experimental set-up was chosen that reproduces the typical manufacturing step of hydrodistillation. Essential oils of eucalyptus and lemon were selected exemplarily and spiked with 3 representative pyrrolizidine alkaloids (retrorsine, retrorsine-N-oxide, and lycopsamine), whereupon
hydrodistillation was performed. Analysis of the resulting distillates by LC-MS/MS proved that artificially added pyrrolizidine alkaloids were removed completely. Moreover, quantitative pyrrolizidine alkaloid recovery in the aqueous phases was observed. Hence, it was experimentally confirmed that herbal medicinal products employing hydrodistilled essential oils of pharmaceutical quality are intrinsically free of pyrrolizidine alkaloids due to the particularities of their manufacturing process. Furthermore, it can be concluded from theoretical considerations that essential oils produced by cold pressing have a negligible risk of carrying pyrrolizidine alkaloid contamination. Our findings provide a strong indication that the requirement for analytical pyrrolizidine alkaloid testing of essential oils for pharmaceutical use should be fundamentally reconsidered.