bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kebutuhan Materi Ajar Bahasa Inggris Mandiri Untuk Mahasiswa Pariwisata Berdasarkan Asean Toolboxes
Authors:   UHN I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar, Kurniarini Ni Nyoman Yunike
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini berfokus pada dalam pengembangan materi pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di bidang pariwisata berbasis ASEAN Toolboxes. Tujuannya untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data untuk mengembangkan materi belajar mandiri Bahasa Inggris untuk mahasiswa pariwisata sebagai cara untuk menanggapi kebijakan tentang standar kompetensi pengajaran Bahasa Inggris yang diakui bersama dan disepakati oleh Kementerian Pariwisata di antara negara-negara anggota ASEAN. Data untuk penelitian ini adalah dikumpulkan dalam bentuk dokumen (ASEAN Toolboxes, silabus bahasa Inggris, dan rencana pelajaran) dan wawancara dengan siswa tentang kebutuhan belajar dan dengan guru tentang metodologi pengajaran. Produk analisis data adalah materi belajar mandiri. Wawancara dengan siswa membuktikan bahwa materi sangat penting untuk pengembangan diri siswa. Wawancara dengan para guru mendesak perlunya lebih banyak materi untuk siswa. Secara umum, materi pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris yang diterapkan cukup memberikan kompetensi yang diharapkan diwakili dalam ASEAN Toolbox, tetapi perlu studi lebih lanjut.
Improving The Child's Moral Development through The Storytelling Method on Children 5–6 Years Old
Authors: Jannah Riyadoh , Mulyanti Fitrah , Pasco Bayan Rocelia
Published: October 2023

Early Childhood Education is an educational stage that has the goal of having fun learning for children, which is carried out in an interactive and participatory manner so that aspects of children's development can be more optimal in their development process. The purpose of this research is to find out the improvement results from the application of the storytelling method to the moral development of early childhood. This research was conducted in group B which consisted of 14 children. This study used the Kemmis and McTaggart class action research design. This study used class action research. The class success rate on increasing moral development through the storytelling method has reached 75%, so that research has achieved a high and satisfying success rate. Based on the results of these observations, we can conclude that the storytelling method is very effective if applied in learning to improve children's moral development. So to further ensure the moral development of the child, a storytelling method that is more interesting, interactive, and liked by children is needed.
Lernaufgaben mit automatisiertem Feedback in einem digitalen Hochschultutorium zur Vorlesung der Allgemeinen Chemie als Angebot zur Binnendifferenzierung
Authors: Trauten Florian , Eitemuelle Carolin , Walpuski Maik
Published: October 2023

Die hohen Abbruchquoten in naturwissenschaftlichen Studiengängen im Allgemeinen und speziell in der Chemie wurden zum Anlass genommen, ein digitales, binnendifferenzierendes Förderangebot für Chemiestudierende im ersten Semester zur Erhöhung des Studienerfolgs zu entwickeln. Da die Überwindung von Vorwissensdefiziten entscheidend für den Verbleib im Studium ist (Heublein et al., 2017), wurden Online-Lernaufgaben entwickelt, die basierend auf der individuellen Performance in einem multiple-try Feedback Algorithmus automatisiert adaptives Feedback bereitstellen. In einem Prä-post-Vergleichsgruppendesign wurde zudem die Rolle des Vorwissens auf die Wirksamkeit der zwei adaptiven Feedback-Algorithmen (elaboriert vs. korrektiv) untersucht, da die aktuelle Befundlage diesbezüglich keine eindeutigen Schlüsse zulässt. Für Studierende, die zuvor keinen Chemie Leistungskurs belegt haben, konnte dabei ein signifikanter positiver Effekt für adaptives elaboriertes Feedback gefunden werden.
Predict the thyroid abnormality particular disease likelihood of the symptoms’ certainty factor value and its confidence level: A regression model analysis
Authors: Al-Hakim Rosyid Ridlo , Arief Yanuar Zulardiansyah , Pangestu Agung , Hidayah Hexa Apriliana , Hamid Aditia Putra , Andriand Aviasenna , Soelaiman Nur Fauzi , Arif Machnun , Alrahman Mahmmoud Hussein Abdel
Published: October 2023

The traditional expert system (TES) in the medical field commonly uses a certainty factor (CF) rule-based algorithm that can be calculated several symptoms to determine the inference solutions. The main issue for this TES included a prediction for some particular disease likelihood in the cases of new patients. CF is calculated based on symptoms related to clinical signs in patients’ diagnoses. For some reason, this TES probably won’t predict uncertain things, such as particular disease likelihood of some diseases. So, supervised learning, such as linear regression, can solve this problem. We tried to analyse the existing TES for thyroid disorders due to modelling the regression equation to predict the thyroid abnormality particular disease likelihood, based on the symptoms’ CF value and its confidence level. We used multiple linear regression (MLR) and multiple polynomial regression (MPR) to analyse the best regression model to solve the problem. The results show that the MPR model indicates the best regression model for predicting particular disease likelihood of thyroid abnormality, supported by R-squared 94.7%, R-squared adjusted 94.4%, F-value 265.925, and p-value < 0.05, which are higher than MLR model. Our study proposed a foundation for expert system development by focusing more on machine learning expert system (MLES) analysis approaches than TES.
Web-Based Human Resource System Quality Analysis Using ISO 25010:2011 Method Based on Usability Characteristics
Authors: Desi Geoloni Grace , Agushinta R. Dewi
Published: October 2023

The application of information technology is a crucial aspect of Human Resources (HR) activities in an organization (company) to manage its employees, such as attendance data, personal data, and performance appraisals. This data can produce information to make a decision. To assist HR in carrying out their duties, an IT company implements a Human Resources Information System (HRIS), but it has never been tested. The purpose of this research is to test the Human Resource system that has been implemented using the ISO 25010:2011 method with usability characteristics. The research stage starts with analyzing the employees' problems with using the system. Tests are divided into 2 types, namely on employees who often use the system and employees who rarely use the system, and determining the research method. Afterward, determine the characteristics and sub-characteristics and their weight, make assessment indicators of the sub-characteristics, assess the usability characteristic testing, and at the end, total calculation of them. The results showed that the lowest ratings were still obtained for the employee learnability sub-characteristics, namely 77.2% and 65.3% for both types. Therefore, it is recommended that the company should make a detailed user guide and prepare training for all employees. So they will understand the system well.
Online Attendance with Python Face Recognition and Django Framework
Authors: Dwi Rahmatya Myrna , Wicaksono Mochamad Fajar
Published: October 2023

Online learning certainly requires an attendance system that is accessed anywhere with a minimum level of fraud. This research aimed to build an online attendance system using face recognition to prevent filling out online learning attendance represented by others. The online attendance system was built using the object-based system approach method. The system development method used was the waterfall. The development of this system utilizes the Django python framework, face recognition library, and OpenCV. This research delivered an attendance system that could not be represented by others. To record attendance, students visit the online attendance system. Students can only record attendance once according to the lecture schedule. The camera will capture the student’s face and equate it with the existing facial data. Only the registered student that his attendance data stored in the database. In addition, students cannot record attendance with face recognition outside of their lecture hours. This attendance system was tested using black-box testing. The test is carried out on the access button function to record attendance during the lecture schedules data and outside the lecture schedule, facial recognition function with valid and not valid facial data, function to store attendance data, and function to view attendance data recap in the current semester. The result showed that the attendance application with facial recognition is 100% running as it should and as expected.
Influence of the Internal Electric Field on the Accumulation of a Mobile Charge in MOS Structures
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Aleksandrov O. V. , Morozov N. N. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University
Published: October 2023

Using the developed quantitative model, the influence of the internal electric field on the process of accumulation of a mobile charge in MOS structures is shown. The distribution of the mobile charge over the depth of SiO2 is calculated for various times of thermal field exposure and impurity concentrations. Using Na+ ions as an example, the numerical calculation is compared with the analytical and experimental dependences. It is shown that at high concentrations of impurity ions, the internal electric field induced by them increases near the cathode surface and causes excessive accumulation of impurities at the interface.
Ontologies and Physical Analogues of Two-Particle Intrasystem Interactions Based on Doublets Models
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Kachanova T. L. , Fomin B. F. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University
Published: October 2023

Open systems (natural, social, anthropogenic, cyber-physic, and technical ones) are initially given in actual states by their empirical descriptions, obtained from huge amount of retrospective multimodal heterogeneous empirical data. At the level of fact, the empirical descriptions contain hundreds and thousands of indicators and represent such systems at their natural scales and real complexity. Furthermore, knowledge about systems’ ontology is represented at the level of sense, knowledge whose fullness and completeness are investigated and proven. At the level of ontological knowledge, the system’s reconstructions are obtained «in parts» (in eigen qualities). And, to build reconstruction of system’s states as a whole, such system reconstructions «in parts» need to be complemented by models of two-particle, three-particle, and multi-particle interactions between eigen system qualities. Ontologies of all kinds of doublets (models of two-particle interactions named SIM, SWI, MIX, SEP, ABS, DIV) are obtained and investigated in this paper. Each such kind of model possesses discovered types and forms. And, for them, such states are revealed whose attributes of orientation, tension, and “charge” level are agreed upon values. These doublets states attributed in such a way possess analogues represented by states of physical science objects exhibiting effects of deformation field as well as electric and magnetic fields that cause «multispecies» variability of open systems.
Research and Simulation of a 5G Network and Transmission Characteristics in AnyLogic
Authors:   Penza State University, Nikishin K. I.
Published: October 2023

Wireless networks, such as Wi-Fi, 4G, and 5G, play an important role in the development of modern technologies. The minimum transmission speed of a 5G signal is 10 times higher than that of a 4G signal. The author of the present paper aims to construct and investigate a model of distributed 5G network in the AnyLogic environment. The main research objectives included construction of a model consisting of one 5G base station and different network characteristics, evaluation of the efficiency of data transmission in the network, and analysis of the impact of 5G tower characteristics (delays, loads, and priorities) on the service quality of data packets, namely, the speed of packet processing and the number of lost packets. A model with one base station and six towers having different parameters (load, number of incoming packets, priority) was developed in AnyLogic. An experimental evaluation of data transmission efficiency in the constructed network was carried out; the effect of tower characteristics (delays, loads, and priorities) on the service quality of data packets, namely, the speed of packet processing and the number of lost packets, was estimated.
КОНЦЕПЦІЯ КАЙДЗЕН: ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ТА ПРИКЛАДНІ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: Гірна Ольга
Published: October 2023

У статті розкрито сутність концепції Кайдзен. Першочерговий аспект зосереджено на теоретичній базі, зокрема, підкреслено важливість безперервного вдосконалення процесів виробництва, розробки допоміжних бізнес-процесів, управління ними. Представлено взаємозв’язок Кайдзену з теорією загального управління якістю (ТQM), що дозволяє виокремити три основні напрями функціонування з орієнтацією на якість. Розкрито практичні аспекти реалізації Lean Production (LP) та Just-in-time (JIT) на основі Кайдзену. Пріоритетну роль в дослідженні відведено Інституту Кайдзену, який зосереджує свою увагу на навчанні, сертифікації та бенчмаркінгу у напрямі Кайдзен. Підкреслено важливість розроблення моделі TFL, яка дає можливість покращити процеси в цілому ланцюгу постачання. Окреслено нові прогресивні напрями розвитку даної концепції (Гемба Кайдзен, Бліц Кайдзен).
ПРАКТИКА ТА ПРОБЛЕМАТИКА РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ РИНКУ ФАКТОРИНГОВИХ ПОСЛУГ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Римар Ольга
Published: October 2023

Стаття присвячена практиці та проблематиці функціонування та регулювання ринку факторингових послуг. В сучасних умовах господарювання факторинг може стати ефективним інструментом не лише оптимізації діяльності підприємницьких структур, але і стимулювати прискорене економічне зростання країни. Однак, попри увесь його потенціал, ефективність і значні темпи зростання, у законодавчій площині він залишається недосконало урегульованим. Окрім того, факторинг в Україні не розвинений у своїй класичній формі, а радше ця операція полягає у відступленні протермінованої заборгованості фінансового характеру. З огляду на поточний стан ринку перспективи розвитку вітчизняного сегменту таких послуг масштабні. Тому створення оптимальної моделі функціонування ринку факторингових послуг через співпрацю усіх його учасників та регулятора (НБУ) дозволить ринку розвиватися, нарощувати свій потенціал, стимулювати і розширювати бізнес, залучати нових сильних гравців.
Determination of the Decision of the Jamaah Masjid to Pay Infaq Through the Qris Application (Case Study of the Ar-Rahman Masjid Hm. Yamin Field of Fight)
Authors: Amelia Anika , Anggraini Tuti , Bi Rahmani Nur Ahmadi
Published: October 2023

Technology has made life more comfortable and efficient for people today. The use of QRIS and other innovative payment systems is influenced by technological developments in all areas, including the banking industry. One of the technological advancements that are in demand today is the use of QRIS as a non-financial payment mechanism. The use of QRIS has become one of the alternative payments in mosques in addition to being used for shopping payments. The Ar-Rahman Mosque is one of the mosques that uses QRIS to raise funds for infacts. This research is intended to study the variables that affect the decision of the Mosque of Ar-Rahman to inflate using QRIS.Ketua BKM Mosque and Jamaah Mosque Ar- Rahman became the main source of data in this research, which is carried out with qualitative descriptive methodology. Secondary data sources come from literature surveys. The percentage of Ar-Rahman Mosque jamaahs using QRIS is currently around 20%; however, as the BKM of the mosque continues to socialize, this number will probably continue to increase. Awareness of QRIS, the ease of using QRIS and the satisfaction of the QRIS users are factors that influence the decision of the Masjid Ar-Rahman to inflate through QRIS.
Política urbana, comunicación y organización en barrios informales en Brasil y Colombia: Vila Autódromo y Samanes del Cauca
Authors: Rodríguez-Quintero Ricardo , Soares Gonçalves Rafael
Published: October 2023

Este artículo compara la génesis, consolidación, remoción y reasentamiento de dos barrios informales: Vila Autódromo (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil) y Samanes del Cauca (Cali, Colombia), con énfasis en aspectos organizativos y comunicativos a partir de la realización de tres entrevistas semiestructuradas: una en Samanes del Cauca (enero de 2019), otra en Vila Autódromo (enero de 2020), y una tercera compartida vía videoconferencia (noviembre de 2020) con los líderes de los dos barrios. La comparación de ambos procesos a partir del testimonio de los protagonistas ha arrojado resultados significativos sobre los procesos de surgimiento, las estrategias de consolidación y las formas de control y administración estatal de estos barrios, así como las acciones de movilización política de los pobladores, desde una perspectiva de la comunicación como recurso de organización.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Kualitas Pelayanan Dan Relationship Marketing Terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah (Studi Kasus Pada Bank Syariah PT. BPRS Puduarta Insani Tembung)
Authors: Hanifah Oktaviani Fakhri  , Sri Ramadhani  , Nurul Jannah
Published: October 2023

Lembaga keuangan dituntut untuk lebih fokus pada kepuasan pelanggan, kualitas layanan, dan kualitas produk akibat saat ini persaingan semakin banyak. Akibatnya, bank termotivasi untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk, pelayanan, dan relationship marketing untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pelanggan dan mendapatkan loyalitas mereka. Kualitas produk, kualitas pelayanan, dan relationship marketing diidentifikasi sebagai variabel independen pada penelitian ini, sedangkan loyalitas nasabah diidentifikasi sebagai variabel dependen. Alasan dilakukannya eksplorasi ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana dampak kualitas produk, kualitas pelayanan, dan relationsip marketing Bank Syariah PT. BPRS Puduarta Insani Tembung terhadap loyalitas nasabah. Dengan menggunakan metodologi kuantitatif, penelitian ini yaitu penelitian lapangan. Data primer ditangani karena penelitian ini yaitu informasi langsung kemudian diperiksa melalui program SPSS 25. Pengumpulan informasi diperoleh melalui angket yang disampaikan kepada 90 responden. Metode pengambilan sampel yang dipakai agar menjabarkan data karena studi ini yaitu dengan memakai regresi linier berganda. Kualitas produk (X1), Kualitas Pelayanan (X2), dan RelationshipMarketing (X3) semuanya ditemukan memiliki dampak positif dan penting pada Loyalitas Nasabah (Y).
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE TRAINING FOR ORGANIZATIONAL LEADERSHIP: EXPERIENCES OF DEVELOPING AND FACILITATING THE EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE MODULE IN NEPAL
Authors: Shrestha Bhawana , Satyal Sagar , Jha Aprajita , Niroula Pankaj , Shrestha Sajani , Khatri Rashmita
Published: October 2023

In this article, we present the development of a module for Emotional Intelligence to foster organizational leadership in Nepal through the use of Collaborative Autoethnography (CA), a qualitative research method. The authors use their personal experiences related to the development of the module, its facilitation, and its impact when implemented in one of the organizations in Nepal to share their personal journey and the lessons learned. The reflections illustrate how participation in an EI module helped the organization gain insights into its leadership approach. The article also demonstrates how reflecting on the experiences helps both the facilitators and the participants draw tangible lessons associated with the content, to further improve their practice.
From headwaters to outlets: Bird species accrual curves are faster downstream with different implications for varying landcovers and ecoregions
Authors: Julien Adisa , Melles Stephanie
Published: October 2023

Terrestrial and aquatic systems are geographically connected, yet these systems are typically studied independently of each other. This approach omits a large amount of ecological information as landscapes are best described as mosaics in watersheds. Species Accumulation Curves (SACs) that incorporate sampling effort are familiar models of how biodiversity will change when landcovers are lost. In land-based systems, the consistent pattern of increased species richness with increasing number of sites sampled is an ecological norm. In freshwater systems, fish species discharge relationships are analogous to species-area relationships in terrestrial systems, but the relationship between terrestrial species and discharge remains largely unexplored. Although some studies investigate the effect of terrestrial systems on neighboring aquatic species, less work has been done on exploring the effect of aquatic systems on terrestrial species. Additionally, creating statistical models to observe these interactions need to be explored further. Using data from the Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas (2001–2005), we created bird SACs to explore how increases in diversity with sites sampled varies with watershed position on the Canadian side of the Great Lakes Basin (GLB). The mosaic landscape of the GLB was characterized using six majority land cover classes at a 15 m resolution. This work shows that rates of species accrual and potential maximum species richness vary as a function of watershed position, underlying land cover, and the Ecoregion in which sampling was performed. We also found that Urban landcover has the potential to retain relatively high levels of species richness, which is further modified by Ecoregion and watershed position. Through our ‘world building,’ we believe that we can increase knowledge around the importance of land-water interactions and further the goals of viewing landscapes as mosaic watersheds.

 
What is Europe?
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna , Gropas Ruby
Published: October 2023

This authoritative yet accessible introduction to understanding Europe today moves beyond accounts of European integration to provide a wide-ranging and nuanced study of contemporary Europe and its historical development. This fully updated edition adds material on recent developments, such as Brexit and the migrant and Eurozone crises. The concept of Europe is instilled with a plethora of social, cultural, economic, and political meanings. Throughout history, and still today, scholars writing on Europe, and politicians involved in national or European politics, often disagree on the geographic limits of this space and the defining elements of Europe. Europe is, therefore, first and foremost a concept that takes different shapes and meanings depending on the realm of life on which it is applied and on the historical period under investigation. At a given point in time, depending on the perspective we adopt and the situation in which we find ourselves, Europe may represent very different things. Thus, we should better talk about ‘Europes’ in plural. What is Europe? explores these evolving conceptions of Europe from antiquity to the present. This book is all the more timely as Europe responds to the Russian invasion of Ukraine and Britain’s departure from the European Union, financial slump, refugee emergencies, and the COVID-19 pandemic. This book offers a fully updated introduction to European studies from an interdisciplinary perspective. It is a crucial companion to any undergraduate or graduate course on Europe and the European Union.
Precarity, Opportunity, and Adaptation: Recently Arrived Immigrant and Refugee Experiences Navigating the Canadian Labour Market
Authors: Ellis Claire , Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

Canada relies on immigrants as key drivers of the country’s population and economic growth. Composing a quarter of the Canadian labour market, immigrants accounted for over 80 per cent of population growth between 2017 and 2018 (Yssaad & Fields, 2018; IRCC, 2020). Recognising this benefit, the federal government has projected increasing admission levels by 1% of the population and reach 451,000 new permanent immigrants per year by 2024 (IRCC, 2022a). Yet beyond the numbers, and despite clear advantages of a smooth transition into the Canadian labour force, many migrants and refugees experience a multitude of barriers that impede their earnings and pathways to sustainable livelihoods. Research has examined various dimensions such as skill devaluing (Bauder, 2003; Creese & Wiebe, 2012), the effects of neoliberal restructuring (Bhuyan et al., 2017; Hiebert, 2006), bias and discrimination in hiring practices (Esses et al., 2007; Fuller & Martin, 2012), the role of points-based selection policies (Sweetman & Warman, 2013; Warman et al., 2015), and the impact of familial structures (Dyson et al., 2019; Shields & Lujan, 2019). Furthermore, the Covid-19 pandemic has introduced new dimensions that interplay with existing labour market barriers and enablers facing newly-arrived immigrants and refugees. In particular, job loss as a result of the pandemic was more significant for recently-arrived immigrants, who saw a reduced employment rate during the initial months of the pandemic compared to Canadianborn workers (Cornelissen & Turcotte, 2020).
A Long Journey of Integration
Authors: Isaakyan Irina , Triandafyllidou Anna , Baglioni Simone
Published: October 2023

What is labour market integration and what would be the best way to think about it? The short answer is that integration is a process of establishing yourself as a professional and as a person in a host society. It is a long journey of responding to critical events, undergoing various obstacles, and possibly finding a desired outcome. It is a difficult journey during which the migrant may be lost, depending on how ready they are for it. It is therefore an outcome of migrant agency that follows a scenario, albeit with individualised configurations. It is a process of self-discovery through which the migrant not only finds a better place to live and work but also re-evaluates the symbolic meanings and social relations that they encounter. It is a complex socio-cultural scenario, in which each migrant is both the actor and the director. 
Irregular Migration
Authors: Spencer Sarah , Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

Irregular migration is a multifaceted, dynamic phenomenon that has attracted disproportionate media and political attention since the early 2000s. It has been at the forefront of the political debate in most of the European Union’s Member States since the outbreak of the so-called ‘migration crisis’ of 2015. Indeed, the political attention paid to irregular migration is disproportionate to its volume. Migrants are estimated to represent 3.3% of the world’s population (IOM, 2017, from UNDESA, 2017) with migrants in an irregular situation between 15% and 20% of them. This is approximately 1% of the global population, some 30–40 million individuals worldwide (UN OHCHR, 2014; ILO, 2015). In the USA, the undocumented population was estimated in 2015 to be 11 million (Rosenblum & Ruiz Soto, 2015); while in Europe it was estimated to be 1.9–3.8 million in 2008 (Kovacheva & Vogel, 2009); and between 2.9 and 3.8 million in 2018 (Pew Research Centre, 2019). 
Spaces of Solidarity and Spaces of Exception: Migration and Membership During Pandemic Times
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

During 2020, as the coronavirus pandemic spread around the world, we have witnessed countries making unprecedented decisions, restricting international travel and closing borders but also chartering fights to bring in migrant workers employed in essential sectors. While important (internal) travel restrictions were frst implemented by China in late February 2020 on the Chinese New Year holiday, the relevance of borders in relation to controlling the pandemic became internationally visible when the United States banned EU citizens from entering the country on 14 March 2020 as Covid-19 cases and victims sharply rose in Italy and a number of other European countries. A sweeping closure of the EU external borders to all nonEU citizens was announced on 17 March 2020 – a rare occasion where EU citizenship had a tangible effect on all EU citizens’ livelihoods without being mediated by their national citizenship. That closure confrmed that EU citizens and their national governments felt they were closer together and in solidarity and interdependence under this pandemic although intra-EU border closures followed. Indeed, March 2020 saw the closure of borders between countries with very long and strong socioeconomic and political ties such as Canada and the US (a closure that is still effective at the time of writing in November 2020), or member states of the European Union with one another. Regional trade and migration within west Africa were also interrupted abruptly when, for instance, Nigeria closed its borders on 23 March after recording its frst death from the virus. And while it was initially hoped that the summer of 2021 will bring not only temporary relief but also a way out of the pandemic, it has since become clear that 2020–2021 will be marked with at least selective border closures and migration and mobility restrictions. The wider impact of the pandemic on society and the economy will be long lasting and global. 
State-religion relations in Southern and Southeastern Europe : moderate secularism with majoritarian undertones
Authors: Magazzini Tina , Triandafyllidou Anna , Yakova Liliya
Published: October 2023

This contribution studies comparatively three Southern European countries (Italy, Spain, and Greece) and three Southeastern European countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Bulgaria). Looking beyond historical path-dependencies, we investigate recent developments in terms of state-religion relations. Starting with a thick description of the historical legacies and post-1989 developments, we focus on issues of the last decade, such as the rise of populism and nationalism, the path to EU accession for Bosnia and Albania, the economic and Eurozone crisis of the 2010s, and the refugee emergency of 2015. Our aim is to assess how these have shaped state-religion relations and to categorise the six countries within the typology proposed in the introductory contribution to this collection. Our findings suggest that moderate secularism and liberal neutralism prevail in all six countries. There are, however, important variations in terms of the relevance of majoritarian nationalism in some of them, as the state defines the prevailing religion and has strong historical and institutional ties with that religion. The contribution elaborates on these specificities and concludes with some questions on the importance of the notion of dominant vs qualifying norms and on the role of current challenges in shaping further state-religion relations.
Migration and pandemics : spaces of solidarity and spaces of exception
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

This open access book discusses the socio-political context of the COVID-19 crisis and questions the management of the pandemic emergency with special reference to how this affected the governance of migration and asylum. The book offers critical insights on the impact of the pandemic on migrant workers in different world regions including North America, Europe, and Asia. 
Migration 2030 : governing migration in a globalising worldwide
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

International migration is arguably an important challenge and opportunity for the world today. In these two first decades of the 21st century, we are witnessing important changes in the direction of flows, the motivations of people on the move and the complex patterns of human migration. In addition, 2020 has brought an extraordinary and unexpected pandemic crisis, that has temporarily brought international migration to a standstill while further exacerbating inequalities and vulnerabilities of migrants and their families. This special issue finds its origins in the inaugural conference of the Canada Excellence Research Chair in Migration and Integration programme at Ryerson University in Toronto which took place in February 2020, while the COVID-19 epidemic was being felt in China but was still believed to remain a regional and short-lived challenge. As we developed our writing, COVID-19 turned into a global pandemic pushing us also to rethink some of our considerations and arguments. The first set of papers aims to unsettle the main migration policy narratives and to critically engage with dominant views of international migration governance. The second set of papers focuses on the new complex realities of temporary migration, investigating critically policies and practices in different world regions, and how they compound vulnerabilities for migrants while failing to offer a sustainable way forward.
Nationalism in the 21st century : neo-tribal or plural?
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

Nations are faced today with a new set of social and economic challenges: economic globalisation has intensified bringing with it a more intense phase of cultural interconnectedness and political interdependence. Nation-states see their sovereign powers eroded and are transformed to post-national states as the political space they govern is no longer congruent with the socio-economic space which transcends the national borders. Nonetheless, the nation continues to be a powerful source of identity and legitimacy. We are actually witnessing in Europe and worldwide a comeback of nationalism oftentimes in an aggressive, nativist and populist guise. This paper seeks to offer a new analytical lens through which to make sense of this new tide of nationalism. It therefore reviews critically the ethnic vs civic and perennialist, primordialist, modernist and ethnosymbolist approaches to suggest that they are no longer fit for purpose in explaining where nations and nationalism come from and where they are headed to. The paper proposes a new analytical framework which distinguishes between plural and neo-tribal nationalism, focusing on how nations interact with diversity and permeability in the 21st century context.
Rethinking migration and return in Southeastern Europe : Albanian mobilities to and from Italy and Greece
Authors: Gemi Eda , Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

This book provides an important new analytical framework for making sense of return, remigration and circular mobility, conceptualising them as different phases of a wider migration process. Using an in-depth case study of Albania and its two main destination countries, Italy and Greece.
'Enchanted with Europe' : family migration and European law on labour-market integration
Authors: Isaakyan Irina , Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

This chapter explores the European legal platform for alleviating the main barriers in the labor market integration of dependent family migrants in the EU. Namely, the chapter looks at the work of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) in relation to cases that involve recognition of professional qualifications and establishment of residence status.
Transatlantic Repatriation: Stigma Management of Second-Generation Italian- and Greek-American Women “Returning Home”
Authors: Isaakyan Irina , Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

Based on 30 narrative-biographic interviews with second-generation Greek and Italian women who have migrated from the USA to their ancestral homelands of Greece and Italy, our paper explores nuances of their stigma management by focusing on the interaction between their pre-repatriation past and post-repatriation present and the spaces of inclusion and exclusion. We investigate from the insider perspective the interplay between returnee-women’s rejection and acceptance of stigma and, particularly, their use of body politics in negotiating their new living spaces. Adopting the method of narrative biographic analysis, we present three detailed case studies of repatriate women – organized as composite biographies - to illuminate from different angles the process of stigma management and body politics. Our findings contribute to the elaboration of concepts ‘diasporic duress’ (‘transnational/diasporic patriarchy’) and ‘nativity voucher’; while also highlighting the dynamics in the reproduction of the diasporic patriarchy through repatriation to the ancestral homeland.  
Exploring the links between enhancing regular pathways and discouraging irregular migration : a discussion paper to inform future policy deliberations
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna , Bartolini Laura , Guidi Francesca Caterina
Published: October 2023

The relationship between discouraging irregular migration through enforcement and encouraging regular migration flows is not straightforward. Relevant studies have highlighted complex dynamics. While stricter controls through both “fencing” (border controls) and “gatekeeping” (visa restrictions) policies appear to slow irregular migration, they also tend to change its course, leading migrants to try their luck through alternative irregular channels. Understanding migrant decision making as well as the contexts in which potential migrants make decisions is critically important but often misunderstood or ignored in policy deliberations. This discussion paper reviews a number of policy ideas that could lead to better management of regular migration while discouraging irregular flows as well as decision making contexts: Enhanced regional mobility regimes that allow for relatively seamless mobility within a set of countries, coupled with specific rights and obligations for workers and employers; Bilateral mobility schemes between a country of origin and a country of destination that respond to specific labour market dynamics; Sponsorship schemes that may facilitate entry and integration of the migrant and her/his family at destination; Humanitarian corridors that aim at preventing vulnerable migrants (including those who have become stranded) from undertaking irregular migration, with a view of arriving in a safe third country. New ideas discussed include Temporary Migration Partnerships; Skills and Mobility Partnerships; a Human Development Visa Scheme.
Forum on agriculture, rural development and migration in the Mediterranean : a better understanding of the drivers and impacts for forward-looking policies and programmes
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna , Nori Michele , Hénaff Marie Hélène Le , Robert Clemence , Castro Giulia , Abdelali-Martini Malika , Provenzano Giuseppe
Published: October 2023

Most rural areas in the Mediterranean and beyond are characterised by migratory flows, which affect local economies, societies and agroecologies. This is significant for both the countries of origin and those of destination. The implications of this phenomenon are relevant in terms of food production, natural resource management, territorial integration, social protection, diasporas and inclusive development – with impacts on the overall sustainability and resilience of our society. This work reports the outcomes of the Forum on Agriculture, Rural Development and Migration in the Mediterranean organized on 29/5/2018 CIHEAM, FAO, UfMS and EUI’s Global Governance Programme to discuss rural migration in the Mediterranean from the perspective of rural and agricultural development, with the aim to provide policy recommendations and establish a regional multi-stakeholder platform for decision-makers at different levels. 
The Migration Archipelago: Social Navigation and Migrant Agency
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

This paper is inscribed into a new line of scholarly work seeking to cast light to the ways in which migrants convert their motivations into action within a policy framework that is characterised by many restrictions and limited opportunities to move. Drawing on recent fieldwork (2013-2014) on irregular migrants from Afghanistan, Albania, Georgia, Pakistan and the Ukraine, in Greece, we investigate how they perceive opportunities and navigate restrictions eventually crossing borders whether unlawfully (from unguarded border areas or with fake documentation) or legally (abusing the terms of their entry/stay). The paper adopts the notion of social navigation as a heuristics tool to conceptualise the social, temporal and spatial character of the migration journey, its nodal points, and the interaction of migrants with different actors and factors that shape their migration plans and explores different types of migrant agency (recuperation, resilience and resistance) developed during the navigation process. 
Migrant Smuggling Data and Research: A global review of the emerging evidence base Volume 2
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna , McAuliffe Marie
Published: October 2023

Migrant Smuggling Data and Research: A global review of the emerging evidence base (Volume 2) presents a unique review of what is being collected and what can be done to further build the evidence base on migrant smuggling globally. The second volume on the topic, and building on the 2016 report, Volume 2 is again the result of a collaboration between the International Organization for Migration and researchers from a range of backgrounds and academic disciplines, and supported by the Government of Turkey. 

The report shows that important research has been undertaken on the transnational crime aspects of migrant smuggling, including on routes, smuggling organization (such as criminal networking and facilitation), smuggler profiles and fees/payment. Likewise, there is an emerging academic literature on migrant smuggling, particularly the economic and social processes involved in smuggling, which has largely been based on small-scale qualitative research, mostly undertaken by early-career researchers. Contributions from private research companies, as well as investigative journalists, have provided useful insights in some regions, helping to shed light on smuggling practices. The report confirms key findings of Volume 1, making recommendations in three priority areas:

Strengthening research and analysis partnerships;

Supporting capacity-building; and

Focusing on emerging and priority topics.
A ‘refugee crisis’ unfolding: ‘Real’ events and their interpretation in media and political debates
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

This article offers a comparative overview of the case studies included in this Special Issue with the aim of providing a narrative of how the refugee emergency in Europe has unfolded during the period 2014–2016. I look at the ‘real’ events as they happened, identify which events were taken up in the different national political scenes and media landscape as highly relevant, and then identify on the basis of a meta-analysis of the findings of the different articles, the main interpretative frames used to make sense of the refugee emergency. This meta-analysis allows me also to relate the discourses with the actual policies adopted or decisions taken with a view to addressing the emergency. The article focuses on contrasted discourses, how they are politicized in different countries and how they are eventually brought together adopting a frame of ‘reason’/rationalization that reconciles solidarity with public order.
Reflections on diaspora and soft power : community building among female US expats in Southern Europe
Authors: Isaakyan Irina , Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

Illuminated by life stories of American women in Italy and Greece, our work examines a complex relationship between expatriate collectivity and soft power agency. The data were collected from in-depth interviews with 60 US nationals who live in Italy and Greece. Our findings show that these women shape as a strong diasporic collectivity through activities of ecological civic engagement, which, however, do not result in a successful exercise of soft power. The isolationist nature of their collectivity causes a number of diasporic mistakes and turns their chosen community project into a weak resource for soft power, a translation of which remains highly problematic. The basic mistakes that such expats make while exercising soft power are misunderstanding of the notions of community and its main building tool (civic engagement) as well as overall inability to learn the new culture quickly. 
Is Italian agriculture a ‘pull factor’ for irregular migration – and, if so, why?
Authors: Corrado Alessandra , Caruso Francesco Saverio , Cascio Martina Lo , Nori Michele , Palumbo Letizia , Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

In September 2017, the European Commission Communication on the Mid-Term Review of the EU Agenda for Migration acknowledged ‘undeclared work’ in specific sectors of the economy of various member states as a ‘pull factor’ for irregular migration to the EU. By analysing the case of Italian agriculture, this policy brief – based on the findings of a comprehensive report commissioned by the Open Society European Policy Institute and drafted by a team of researchers coordinated by the European University Institute - turns the argument on its head, demonstrating that the supply of (irregular) migrant labour is only one of the factors that impact the wider process of restructuring of agricultural production, which began in the 1990s.
Global governance from regional perspectives : a critical view
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

 

Global Governance from Regional Perspectives argues that the academic debate on global governance has neglected the combination of power with value constellations/culture. Both input and output legitimacy, for instance, or the exercise of control and influence are inextricably related to culture, worldviews, and values. The book questions theoretically the Western hegemonic and hence 'invisible' definition of governance and related concepts, as well as the Western hegemony over global governance institutions. It looks from the ground up whether, and how, alternative practices, institutions/networks, and concepts/norms of global governance are emerging in relation to emerging powers and regional integration systems. Global Governance from Regional Perspectives starts with a critical reading of global governance from multi-disciplinary views and engages with two important and under-studied aspects, notably how global governance can be measured and what lies behind such measurements , and questions the democratic deficit of global governance. The book provides a series of regional and country perspectives on global governance which engage with a specific example of an institution, process, or issue that is used to highlight why and how the western hegemonic views and practices of global governance are (or not) contested. The book offers a mapping of global governance phenomena in different regions of the world and a critical readings of those. As such this volume is different from all international relations or political science collections on global governance and also opens up a new field of study that has been hitherto neglected in sociological or cultural studies.
European Muslims : caught between local integration challenges and global terrorism discourses
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

After the positive vibrations that the Arab Spring sent around Europe in 2011, today we are witnessing a reversal of that positive trend. The escalation of violence and insecurity in the region is sending shock waves across Europe and North America. Negative vibrations have been acutely felt in Europe, not only with the Charlie Hebdo events in Paris, but also in relation to the so-called foreign fighters question. Several thousand young people – mostly men but also women –, a tiny, albeit dramatically visible, part of the European Muslim community – some of whom are second-generation migrant youth of Muslim origin, while others are young converts – have joined ISIS forces in Syria to fight a jihadist war. My aim in this paper is to argue that, while the weaknesses and tensions of integration policies exist and may have intensified since the start of the new century, the seeds of minority Muslim youth recruitment in Europe has more to do with today’s global-local connections rather than with failed integration.