bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Eastern European Country’s Cinderella- Romania’s Management Accounting Critical Regulations
Authors: Moroşan Adrian , Oprişan Oana , Stoica Eduard Alexandru , Tileagă Cosmin , Opreana Claudiu
Published: January 2022

In this study were presented the most important directions to which management accounting -adapted in the last decades in the developed countries and the Romanian management accounting regulations in force now were analyzed to see whether their formulation is unclear, as some researchers stated before. This paper’s authors made a multi-method study through it combining a literature review with an ethnographical content analysis and argued that the wording of Romania’s management accounting regulations are, in part, or unclear or unnecessary and, because of that, presented the proposals made by them for the reformulation of the provisions of the regulations they consider unnecessary or unclear. The data from the accounting regulations were analyzed by a qualitative analysis. The authors concluded that management accounting is mandatory in Romania, according to the actual regulations, but can be organized and managed, according to their provisions, “as appropriate”. The vagueness of the regulations, the necessity of some legal rules and the fact that the role of the accountant involved in external financial reporting, taxation, audit activities, it is much better established by the Romanian law, overshadow the management accounting and the management accountant’s role. By this study, the authors are filling the gap.
Market Analysis in the Romanian Agricultural Sector: Statistics Explained
Authors: Săvescu Roxana , Rotaru Mihaela
Published: January 2022

This study gives an insight into the agriculture sector in Romania, over the last 10 years (2011-2020). The analysis draws on secondary data recorded in different databases and reports. An aggregate assessment of main agricultural macroeconomic indicators has been carried out at a wider scale. The country-specific analysis aims at identifying and evaluating main insights impacting the supply and demand side of agricultural or agriculture-related products and services and serves as a basis in quantifying the need for different interventions and mechanisms to support the agricultural sector. The target group consisted of agricultural holdings dealing with the primary production of agricultural products listed in Annex I of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.
Evaluating the Quality of Corporate Governance of Swiss Banks
Authors: Tzavara Dionisia , Grose Christos , Rebelo Greven Sandra Pereira , Argyropoulou Maria
Published: January 2022

The aim of this research is to investigate the corporate governance frameworks of listed Swiss bank, to evaluate their performance across several indicators and identify strengths and weaknesses of their internal guidelines and code of best practice. More specifically, we use the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance, the Basel Committee Guidance on Corporate Governance for Banks and the Swiss Code of Best Practices for Corporate Governance to develop a framework to evaluate the corporate governance of Swiss banks relative to factors such as board structure, board composition, transparency, compensation and risk management To meet the aim of the research, we collect qualitative data from publicly available yearly reports, corporate governance documents and codes of conduct from a sample of listed Swiss banks. We find that, overall, Swiss banks have a sound corporate governance framework. However, board gender diversity is low. Also, there are differences between smaller and bigger banks in board composition. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the corporate governance structure of listed Swiss banks and they can be a useful tool for the banks, which can use our findings to implement enhancements to their corporate governance frameworks.
Misdiagnosis of pulmonary artery aneurysm with eroding thrombus into the airways. A fatal case of suffocation
Authors: Svendsen Ida Marie , Rasmussen Marina , Henningsen Maria Høy , Banner Jytte
Published: January 2022

We present a fatal case of hemoptysis following a thrombus-eroding pulmonary artery aneurysm into the left upper bronchus of a 79-year-old male with a history of multiple hospital contacts and examinations due to cough, hemoptysis, and reflux symptoms.

A postmortem computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a hyperdense, condensed area in the left lung in relation to the lung hilus. At autopsy, the forensic specialist discovered a large, organized thrombus in a pulmonary artery aneurysm. The thrombus was adherent to the pulmonary artery aneurysm wall with an underlying defect directly communicating to the left upper bronchus. The cause of death was asphyxia due to blood in the airways (i.e., suffocation).

The combination of pulmonary artery hypertension, previous pulmonary embolism, and hemoptysis should lead to a particularly thorough inspection of the lungs with a focus on the pulmonary circulation. This case report emphasizes the importance of early detection of patients at risk of pulmonary artery rupture and attentiveness when performing biopsies during bronchoscopy to prevent communication between the artery and the airway. The risk of rupturing an aneurysm should be taken into account when performing biopsies on excrescence intruding into the bronchus in patients with medical histories of pulmonary hypertension, cough, and sporadic hemoptysis.
Semantic Ambiguities and Classification Struggles in the Post-Socialist Informal Medical Economy
Authors: Palaga Cristine
Published: January 2022

In this paper I will engage in a process of highlighting the way in which liberal and, later, neoliberal political agendas regulate and establish formal semantic registers in the field of medical informal economy within the Romanian public healthcare system. How accurate is the legalistic approach, which classifies any extra-payment as a bribe? Despite the questionable legal status, the voluntary informal economy acquires the role of establishing bridges at human level between doctor and patient. Far from pleading to accept the conditioning of the medical act by an additional payment from patients or their family members, facts that obviously fall within the scope of illegality, I claim that the labels of “corruption”, “bribe”, “informal payment” cannot be correctly applied to the whole phenomenon of informal exchanges. Moreover, the gifts offered as a form of gratitude or to tame the “medical gaze” even have a role of social link between doctor and patient, helping to bind an unwritten human contract between the two who, in fact, are victims of the same system and its political decision-makers.
Distance and Boundaries Issues in the Transition from Face-to-Face Talking Therapy to Online Therapy in the Time of Covid-19
Authors: Mateescu Veronica Maria
Published: January 2022

The primary main aim of this article is to explore the changes and adjustments brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic to the therapeutic process in the transition from face-to-face talking therapy to online therapy. Online therapy sessions, once a niche, have now become the norm in therapeutic work. This, more than ever before, raises the question of the efficacy of online therapy compared to face-to-face talking therapy. A related question is how the “classical” elements of in-person therapies (especially the psychodynamic, affective and relational-based), such as: the therapeutic alliance, the therapeutic containing space, the therapeutic relationship, etc. work in the on-line setting. This article draws on a primary qualitative exploratory research carried among Romanian clients who undergo a psychodynamic type of therapy and who transitioned from face-to-face to online therapy as a reaction to the new constraints engendered by the COVID-19 pandemic and after the measures were relaxed, the transition from on-line to in-person therapy. Our focus is on how they experience online therapy compared to face-to-face therapy in terms of intimacy, therapeutic frame and efficacy, as well as on the boundaries challenged, erased and created by the switch between the two types of therapy settings.
Sur la mobilité des frontières de soi au profit du passage transfrontalier interlinguistique et sémiotique. Étude de cas : traduction et adaptation filmique du roman Ce que le jour doit à la nuit, de Yasmina Khadra
Authors: Badea Georgiana I. , Botnari Lucia , Emciuc Alexandra , Jianu Bianca , Nagy Imola , Vlad Miruna
Published: January 2022

In this article, we briefly present the results of a multifaceted investigation of the book Ce que le jour doit à la nuit. We examine the effects produced on the novel by the transgression of multiple frontiers: identity, geographic, interlinguistic, translation, semiotic, etc. These are frontiers that both the writer, Yasmina Khadra, and her novel transgress. A necessary look at the circumstances in which the book was created will allow us to survey the types of frontier transgression: of the self, of the civilian and artistic identity, in order to concentrate on the crossing of interlinguistic frontiers (the translation into Romanian of the novel Ce que le jour doit à la nuit in this case), semiotic (its cinema adaptation and its subtitles).
İHRACAT İŞLETMELERİNDE YEŞİL TEDARİK UYGULAMALARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ACAR Raşit , ŞAHİN Yusuf , KİLİC Burak
Published: January 2022

Yeşil tedarik zinciri kavramı ile ilgili farkındalık tüm dünyada her geçen gün artmaktadır. Hammadde temininden başlamak üzere, nihai ürünün hareketi ve tersine lojistik konularını da içine alan bu kavram, işletmelerin kaynaklarını en iyi şekilde kullanmasını ve bunun yanı sıra doğal kaynakların korunmasına hizmet eder. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ihracat işletmelerinde yeşil tedarik zinciri yönetimi duyarlılığı ve uygulamalarının işletmenin performansına etkisini analiz etmektir. Bu kapsamda, Burdur ilinde faaliyet gösteren 108 ihracat işletmesinden anket yoluyla toplanan veriler yapısal eşitlik modellemesi yöntemi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, yapısal eşitlik modeli yardımıyla yeşil uygulamalar ve yeşil duyarlılığın yeşil tedarik performansını etkilediği belirlenmiştir.
YEŞİL ÖRGÜT İKLİMİ ALGISININ YEŞİL ÖRGÜTSEL DAVRANIŞ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: ÖZALP Özer
Published: January 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, otel çalışanlarının yeşil örgüt iklimi algısının yeşil örgütsel davranışları üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Ayrıca araştırmada, otel çalışanlarının yeşil örgüt iklimi algısı ve yeşil örgütsel davranış düzeylerinin bazı demografik değişkenlere göre farklılıkları incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini Konya ilindeki 5 ve 4 yıldızlı çevre sertifikasına sahip otel işletmelerindeki çalışanlar oluşturmaktadır (N=375). Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre, katılımcıların yüksek düzeyde yeşil örgüt iklimi algısına ve yüksek düzeyde yeşil örgütsel davranışa sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada yeşil örgüt iklimi algısının çalışanların oteldeki görevine göre anlamlı farklılaştığı; cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim düzeyi, gelir, iş deneyimi, çalışma süresi ve çalışılan departman değişkenleri açısından anlamlı farklılaşmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra çalışanların yeşil örgütsel davranışlarının cinsiyet, oteldeki görev ve çalıştığı departman değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılaştığı; yaş, eğitim düzeyi, gelir, iş deneyimi ve çalışma süresi değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılaşmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Improving convergence of solving system of equations of matching of turbocharger and engine characteristic maps
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Stolyarov A.S.
Published: January 2022

The analysis of the relationship between the parameters of the operating point of the engine and the turbocharger is carried out in this article. The calculation method of matching of turbocharger and engine characteristic maps is proposed. The developed method makes it possible to calculate the operating point of a turbocharged diesel engine with simple iterations. The results of the work are useful for matching of turbocharger and engine characteristic maps.
Thermal and stress-strain state of the cast-iron cylinder head
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Technical University, Yaroslavl, Russia, Khryashchev Yu.E. , Ivnev A.A. ,   Yaroslavl State Technical University, Yaroslavl, Russia, Yamanin A.I. ,   Yaroslavl State Technical University, Yaroslavl, Russia, Shevtsov A.A. ,   PJSC “Tutaevsky Motor Plant”, Tutaev, Russia, Varenykh O.S. ,   PJSC “Tutaevsky Motor Plant”, Tutaev, Russia
Published: January 2022

Based on the FEM calculation, the choice of cast iron with vermicular graphite for the cast cylinder head of a transport diesel engine when it is converted into a ship's one is justified.
Influence of cross-profiling of the intake manifold on diesel power
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Plotnikov L.V. , Osipov L.E. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Plotnikov O.A. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Grigoriev N.I. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of bench tests of a single-cylinder diesel engine (dimension 7.5/6.0) with different configurations of the intake manifold. A brief description of the stand is given. The modernization consisted in the use of a section in the manifold with cross-sections in the form of a square or a triangle. The power characteristics of the diesel engine in two operating modes are presented. It was shown that the profiling of the intake manifold leads to an increase in the diesel engine power up to 17%.
Comparison of thermodynamic models of various levels of complexity for the calculation of a diesel engine operating on the Miller cycle
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Romanov A.V. , Skomorovsky S.A. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2022

A comparison of the results of calculations performed by the Grinevetsky-Mazing method and in the Diesel-RK software package, the working cycle of a diesel engine operating according to the Miller method, is presented. At the same boost pressures, if the closing angles of the intake valve differ by 24° CAD, the compression start pressure and the calculation results and the P-CAD diagrams of the working cycle strokes become almost identical.
To the question of the power calculation of planetary cycloid transmissions
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Senchurin L.P. , Ivanova M.A. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Cherenkova S.V. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2022

Along with the classic gearboxes, cycloid gearboxes, which are based on mechanical transmissions of the K-H-V and 2K-V types, are increasingly strong positions. Kinematic and force relations between the links are obtained for a two-stage planetary cycloid transmission of type 2K-V with off-centroid gearing.
Prescrição de psicofármacos em pacientes pediátricos: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Oliveira Carla Resende Vaz , Moreira Caique Nunes , Reis Bruno Cezario Costa
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Analisar o padrão das prescrições dos psicofármacos em crianças, relacionando com a idade e gênero. Avaliando, assim, a existência ou não de prescrições inadequadas. Métodos: A abordagem metodológica deste trabalho se propõe a um compilado de pesquisa bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa e caráter descritivo por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados National Library of Medicine, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Directory of Open Access Journals. Os descritores utilizados foram “over prescribing”, “psychotropic drugs” e “child”. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos de journal article, clinical trial, ensaios clínicos, randomizados ou não randomizados, estudos de caso-controle, estudo de coorte, livre acesso, publicados em inglês, português, espanhol, no intervalo de 2010 a 2021 e faixa etária de 2 a 18 anos. Resultados: Os psicofarmácos apresentados são os ansiolíticos, antipsicóticos, antidepressivos, antiepléticos e psicoestimulantes utilizados para controle dos comportamentos externalizantes e comportamentos internalizantes. Os externalizantes por sua vez são prevalentes em meninos mostrando divergência das prescrições e sintomatologia segundo as idades e sexo abordados. Considerações finais: Dessa forma, a prescrição de psicotrópicos é inadequada e indiscriminada na maioria dos casos, não respeitando as idades mínimas para prescrição, o diagnóstico e as indicação de cada medicamento e classe.
Transpupillary laser thermotherapy: effectiveness in the treatment of cavitic retinoblastoma
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Yarovoy A.A. , Volodin D.P. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Yarovaya V.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kotova E.S. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Chochaeva A.M. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kotelnikova A.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy of transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) in the treatment of cavitary retinoblastoma (Rb). Material and methods. In the period from 2014 to 2018, 15 children (16 eyes, 21 tumors) with Rb were treated by pigment inducing TTT. The average age at the time of treatment was 22.8 months. The binocular form of Rb was observed in 9 patients (60%), monocular – in 6 (40%). In 5 cases (33%) TTT was performed in monocular patients. In total, 21 tumors of post-equatorial localization of Rb were treated by pigment inducing TTT, 12 of which (57%) were located in functionally significant areas of the fundus. The mean tumor height was 2.8 mm, the mean basal diameter was 6.5 mm. TTT was performed using a diode laser with the following parameters: wavelength – 810 nm, spot diameter – 1200 microns, power from 300 to 800 MW, with continuous exposure until the whitening of the tumor appearance. Results. Local tumor control after organ-preserving treatment was achieved in 95% of the cases (20 tumors). Complete tumor regression after pigment inducing TTT was achieved in 81% of cases (17 tumors). In 9% of the cases (2 tumors), partial regression of the tumor with stabilization was achieved. In one case (5%), brachytherapy was performed due to the continued tumor growth. 14 eyes (88%) were preserved after organ-preserving treatment. 2 eyes (12%) were enucleated due to tumor progression. Complications after pigment inducing TTT were observed in one case (6%) and were represented by partial vitreous hemorrhage. The mean follow-up period after pigment inducing TTT was 35 months. Conclusion. Pigment inducing TTT is highly effective in the treatment of cavitary Rb. Key words: ophthalmology, retinoblastoma, transpupillary thermotherapy, cavitary retinoblastoma, laser treatment, pediatric oncology.
Ophthalmopathy in premature babies
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow , Russian Federation, Sidorenko E.I.
Published: January 2022

Ophthalmopathy of prematurity (OP) was first described in 1942 by T. Terry and was named by him «Retrolental fibroplasia». Later, with the accumulation of knowledge, it became clear that retrolental fibroplasia is only the final stage of the process and in 1951 Parker Heath proposed the term «Retinopathy of prematurity» (ROP). The author of the presented material suggests the modern term «Ophthalmopathy of prematurity», is reflecting the most complete morphophysiological changes in the eye of a premature baby, giving the ophthalmologist an in-depth understanding and generalized study of this problem for the further development of full-fledged, adequate therapeutic and preventive measures. Focusing only on the processes in the retina and giving insufficient attention to a huge number of other manifestations of ROP significantly narrows the doctor’s thinking, reduces the objective assessment of changes in the eye and allows you to skip most of the unaccounted changes in the structures and functions of the eye, which can lead to a decrease in the quality of medical measures provided. Key words: ophthalmopathy of prematurity, retinopathy of prematurity, microphthalmos, corneal opacities, cataract, secondary glaucoma, dystrophy, partial atrophy of the optic nerve, fibrotic changes of the vitreous body.
In the Year of Science — About Library Science
Authors: Tikunova Irina P.
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the first in the domestic history International research and practical conference “Library Science in the 21st century: content, organization, digitalization and scientometrics”, organized by the Russian State Library, the National Library of Russia and the Russian Library Association. The conference was held on October 19—20, 2021 in Moscow — in the Year of Science and Technology and in the first year of implementation of the Strategy for development of librarianship in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030, where one of the main priorities is scientific and methodological support of libraries. The aim of the conference is to update the topics and identify the factors that stimulate the study of the library sphere, discussion of issues of organization and evaluation of performance of library science, the exchange of experience in organizing scientific activities. The event was held in face-to-face and remote format; more than 180 directors and experts of federal, central regional and university libraries, cultural institutes, as well as other institutions of science, education and culture attended it from 14 regions of the Russian Federation and from foreign countries. During the online broadcast of the meetings, there were recorded over one and a half thousand connections. The program included more than 50 reports, focused on theoretical problems of science studies and practical issues of organization of scientific activity. Summing up, the conference participants noted the importance of library science and proposed a set of specific measures, the implementation of which should help strengthen the regulatory framework for scientific activities in libraries, increase personnel staff; stimulate scientific creativity and research initiative; promote the spread of new scientific knowledge. The conference has important scientific and practical value. It demonstrated the current state of library science, allowed to identify and comprehensively discuss the most acute problems of its development and to outline steps to eliminate them. The conference materials contain a rich empirical base for further study of library science itself.
The Systematic Model for the Promotion of Library and Information Resources and Services
Authors: Rykhtorova Anna E.
Published: January 2022

Based on the study of used by library the marketing technologies and marketing policy, linking such technologies into system, the author has built the systematic model for promotion of library and information resources and services. The model reflects the sequence of actions taken within the subsystems of the library’s marketing policy, focusing on the need to monitor both the use of resources and services and changes in the state of the target audience for a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the implemented promotion strategy. The model also takes into account the need for different promotion strategies, depending both on the lifecycle of the resource or service and its uniqueness, as well as on the attitude of users toward the library as a whole. In addition, the model can be adapted to different types of libraries by expanding or reducing certain sequences within a particular marketing policy subsystem.
The User Satisfaction with the Quality of Library and Information Services: Research Results
Authors: Podik Irina V.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study is to analyze the satisfaction of users with library and information services of the Scientific Library of Tuva State University. The main criterion of satisfaction with services is quality. Relatively large number of methods has been developed to study the quality of services provided. It is advisable to use various tools to obtain reliable and complete information about the quality of library work. In the practical activities of the Scientific Library of Tuva State University, there is most widely used statistical analysis of performance indicators, in particular, access to library resources, attendance (the library, the website, electronic library systems, etc.). To study satisfaction with the services provided by the Scientific Library of Tuva State University, there was conducted the user survey, which revealed strengths and weaknesses, as well as allowed to avoid problems in terms of customer service during the distance-learning period.

Sociological research of the Scientific Library of Tuva State University revealed the need for advanced training courses for library staff in a number of areas, to create a welcoming library environment, to change the interface of the library website, as well as the need to redesign the training programs for library specialists.
Media Library Resources as Means of Developing Semantic Reading
Authors: Demshina Natalia V.
Published: January 2022

The article considers the concept of electronic educational manuals aimed at developing semantic reading. Modern reality offers the reader a huge amount of digital information. The difficulty, especially for schoolchildren, consists in logical comprehension and critical evaluation of the information received. These qualities directly depend on the skill of semantic reading. The author analyses content of the types of activities in electronic educational resources available of institution of additional education. Comparison of the content of the types of activities offered by electronic manuals and the recommendations of the scientific and pedagogical community on the development of semantic reading skills led to the conclusion that there are practically no types of activities aimed at the development of semantic reading in the electronic educational resources. The author carried out theoretical analysis of the properties of electronic resources that can become factors of its development. The article defines the property of interactivity as a reserve for the development of semantic reading. Interactivity is divided into “managing”, in which no new information is created, except for information about the management itself, and “complementary”, where the new information is created. The “complementary” interactivity is the reserve for the development of semantic reading. For experimental verification of this statement, there has been created the electronic educational resource — the workbook “Questions of the Computer”. The influence of this resource has been studied in the course of classes in additional education programs. The article confirms the assumption about the effectiveness of using the property of “complementary” interactivity for the development of semantic reading skills when working with electronic educational resources. The author gives recommendations on the creation of electronic educational resources and acquisition of media libraries of institutions of additional education, taking into account the need to develop students’ semantic reading skills.
Systems and Methods of Document Delivery in the Foreign Libraries
Authors: Zimina Elena I.
Published: January 2022

In the modern digital society, innovative technologies are coming to the fore in the activities of libraries; with their help the libraries can focus on the value of their role in culture and education, meet information needs in the context of digital transformation. At the same time, libraries try to facilitate the work of their employees as much as possible and simplify the efforts of readers in obtaining the necessary literature. This can be achieved by automation of the process of delivery and return of library materials ordered by users within the premises of the library. As a rule, for such purposes there is used telelift — an automated monorail handling system designed for the delivery of goods up to 50 kg (documents, books, magazines, etc.) inside buildings and premises. Telelift is installed in many large libraries, including national libraries in many countries. In addition to telelifts, national libraries use some other document delivery systems. So, the national library of the Netherlands, which is located in one building, has three reading rooms and several storages in the same building, uses the automated storage and retrieval systems of Swisslog company. The article is based on studying the materials of websites of the national libraries, the appeals to the library virtual reference services Ask a Librarian, correspondence with employees of the departments of storage and library and information services of national libraries, as well as additional questionnaire surveys of libraries on the issues related to the storage of library materials. The questionnaire covered the following topics: conducting complete or partial audit, types of audit, use of RFID tags, delivery of material to reading rooms, including, from the remote repositories, the preferred format for issuing a document to the user if this document has a copy (microfilm, microfiche, electronic copy, etc.), as well as statistics of binding and restoration work, ordering necessary materials by readers, etc. The article presents the questionnaire survey responses of the national libraries of Switzerland, Korea, the Royal Library of Netherlands, the British Library, as well as the the Library and Archives of Canada.
Formation and Development of Library Education in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the First Half of the Twentieth Century
Authors: Satagaliyeva Sandi M.
Published: January 2022

The article considers the initial stages of development of library and information education in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the early years of Soviet power, as well as in the pre-war period and during the Great Patriotic War. The present work reveals the issues of formation of the library education system in Kazakhstan, the evolution of forms of training organization, the development of personnel potential of the library sector. The study of the history of library education is of undoubted interest, since it allows better understanding of the processes of socio-economic and cultural development of the country. This is due to the increased attention of society to the problems of culture and, in particular, libraries as necessary socio-cultural institutions, to the efficiency of their work and the quality of training of library specialists. In the course of research, the author studied published and unpublished sources, namely: archival documents, research studies (dissertations, monographs), publications in periodicals and continuing publications. The analysis of sources, to one degree or another touching upon the issues of training the library specialists, showed that from the earliest stages of development of library education, the society set serious tasks for it. The article focuses on the organization of library education, various forms of training and advanced training of library specialists – groups, seminars, courses and conferences. The author characterizes the work of associations of library workers on the increase of personnel potential of the sector and methodological support of libraries. The article reveals the main problems and achievements associated with the organization and work of library technical schools. The author considers the evolution of library education in the context of cultural, historical, socio-economic and political conditions for the development of library sector in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
How the Library of D.V. Ulyaninsky Entered the State Rumyantsev Museum
Authors: Samarin Alexander Y.
Published: January 2022

Based on the unpublished documents, the author reconstructs the history of acquisition of the famous book collection of D.V. Ulyaninsky (1861—1918) by the State Rumyantsev Museum. The well-selected library, significant part of which consisted of publications on bibliography, book studies and book business, became widely known thanks to the three-volume printed catalogue prepared by the owner.

After the suicide of bibliophile in February 1918, which occurred due to the threat of deprivation of the apartment where the library was kept, the collection was bought by the State Rumyantsev Museum. Archival documents allow examining this process in detail. During his life, D.V. Ulyaninsky had extensive connections with the oldest museum in Moscow, but he clearly had no plans to transfer or sell his library to the institution. After his tragic death, the State Rumyantsev Museum first moved his library to the museum’s territory. Then, despite the presence of third-party buyers, the museum actually forced the widow of the collector T.F. Ulyaninskaya to sell the library, taking into account the circumstance that the library located in her apartment. The organizer of the actions on acquisition of the D.V. Ulyaninsky book collection was the librarian of the State Rumyantsev Museum Y.V. Gauthier; and the Head of the reading room Y.G. Kvaskov assessed the collection. The article introduces into scientific circulation the materials on assessment of the library and the contract of the State Rumyantsev Museum with the widow of bibliophile, which legally secured the transfer of ownership of the collection of D.V. Ulyaninsky to the State Rumyantsev Museum.
Conceptualization and Coordination of Competing Discourses: The Theory of Cultural Policy
Authors: Astafyeva Olga N.
Published: January 2022

The article explores the process of formation of competing discourses by different subjects of cultural policy, revealing deep discrepancies in the strategies of their interaction and the need to develop new models. There is noted the multi-subject nature of cultural policy and the decentralization of the culture management system, as well as the importance of the scientific and analytical justifications and conventional principles that ensure coordinated schematization of actions in the context of a complex and dynamically transforming reality. This leads to the increasing importance of the role of the expert scientific community of culturologists, who provide conceptual categorization and translation of perceptual and empirical data to the logical and conceptual level based on modern methodological principles of research, as well as interpretation that is inextricably present in the unfolding of meanings and the perception of institutional and everyday events. This justification is relevant and in demand in the situation of openness and permanent incompleteness of cultural and civilizational changes, plurality of cultures and socio-cultural diversity, since it is aimed at coordinating conceptual constants and value orientations discursively transmitted by different subjects of cultural policy. Revealing the ambivalence of discourses that focus both on the development and modernization, and the revitalization of archaism, on mythologization, the author speaks about the retention of the value-semantic core and the integrity of culture, which allows for alternative design practices and helps to overcome information pressure factors and reduce the risks of digital coding of public consciousness.

For the first time, the article offers a systematization of the factors accompanying the process of making managerial decisions that affect the state of culture in society. Critical and reflexive thinking of culturologists provides a high level of expertise and conceptualization of discourses of cultural policy. The article raises the question of the expanding prospects for the inclusion of discourses of various subjects of cultural policy in the digital environment and the space of mass media.
Gods and Demons of Diseases: Japanese Traditional Views on Epidemics and the Ways of Resistance to Them
Authors: Steiner Evgeny S.
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the mechanisms of protection against infectious diseases that have been employed in Japan through ages, and the religious, social, and individual practices considered effective in the struggle with epidemics. Studying the cultural and ethnoreligious roots of Japanese attitude towards epidemics is particularly relevant these days. The coronavirus pandemic has reanimated the memory of old popular beliefs and actualized traditional, even archaic, rituals and superstitions. Alongside obvious hygienic measures going back to the Shinto rites of purifications, historically, the amplitude of responses (whether on state or local or family levels) oscillated from the ceremonies of appeasing the demons of diseases to the rituals for exorcising them.

Besides written historical sources, the main material analyzed in this article is visual: popular woodblock prints with mythological subjects, leaflets on vaccination, children’s toys representing protective characters, and apotropaic amulets. The main focus is on the materials against smallpox and cholera in the early modern period in Japan (the Edo epoch, mainly the 18th—19th centuries) and the mass reaction (not medical but resurrecting traditional superstitions) to the COVID-19 pandemic. Concerning the coronavirus, this is a new academic subject, and as for the analytical studies of visual sources on the magical reaction on epidemics during the Edo time, there are hardly any of them in Russian and quite few of them in other languages, including Japanese.

In conclusion, the author posits that along with certain real benefits (like the propaganda, albeit mythologized, for vaccination, or the practices of “self-purification” jishuku of the COVID times), the demonological approach played (and partly plays) the role of a humorous and entertaining instrument that alleviated the sense of menace and insecurity.
The Style of the 18th Century German Poetry Book
Authors: Zubkov Nikolai N.
Published: January 2022

The article considers a question mainly unexplored — the history of German book art of the 18th century. There are outlined the main trends in the evolution of German books and highlighted their stylistic varieties. The “archaic” style, inherited from the 17th century, has its characteristic disharmony, rough types, and eclectic ornamenting. It remains relevant until the 1770s. From the 1730s, a style called here the “Leipzig classic” strives to overcome the limitations of the archaic. Its development is related to the partnership of the poet J.C. Gottsched and the publisher B.K. Breitkopf, and to the short period in German literature when classical standards prevailed. Probably, the Leipzig publishers’ practice directly affected the Russian book style of the third quarter of 18th century. In the 1750s, the literary program of the writer J.J. Bodmer and the circle of Zurich writers, opponents of J.C. Gottsched, fused with the publishing program associated with an attempt of some fundamental reforms. Bodmer himself, and later the poet Salomon Gessner, were co-owners of the largest Zurich publishing company. Through that, the original “Zurich” style appeared, heralding the future book “empire” style. Its most characteristic features are the Roman-faced type instead of the Gothic type and the lack of ornamentation. The end of the century typography is marked by some further evolution of the “Leipzig classic” style, the Gothic type standardization, and later the Roman-faced type standardization as well (“Walbaum” type). Consequently, German books of the 18th century represent a complex and uneven evolution, with huge regional differences and directly or indirectly related to the development of national literature, which is a phenomenon that cannot be observed in other European countries.
The Watercolor Technique in Illustrations of Children’s Books of the 1980s—2020s by Soviet and Modern Russian Artists
Authors: Sheng Keren
Published: January 2022

The article analyzes the technique of watercolor in illustrations of children’s books of the 1980s—2020s by Soviet and modern Russian artists. There is traced the influence of modern technologies on children’s book illustrations made in the watercolor technique. In the context of current artistic trends, the article examines the connections of social processes and book graphics; the features of the technical development of book design; the combination of various visual materials with the technique of “watercolor” in the conditions of information technology; new technological and technical approaches; the author’s vision of an illustrated work. The main method used is the analysis of the works of Soviet and modern illustrators of children’s books: V.V. Pertsov, N.E. Popov, A.V. Kokovkin, V.G. Britvin, V.V. Pavlova, A.A. Koshkin, E.A. Silina, Ya.M. Sedova, A.A. Desnitskaya, O. Demidova, V. Pomidor, A.Ya. Lomaev. The relevance of this topic is determined by the intensive introduction of digital technologies into book art and the transformation of the traditional watercolor technique, and the topic’s novelty is based on the lack of formulation of the mentioned issues in the context of children’s book watercolor illustration. Modern technologies make it possible to implement any creative idea of the artist, who, being able to freely interpret the literary work, is now an active participant in the creation of a book image. Absence of censorship imposes a certain responsibility for the quality of illustrations on the artist, since it affects the perception of the child. Thus, forming the aesthetic taste of the younger generation, the artist becomes a participant in the educational process.

The analysis of the watercolor illustration showed that the artist is faced with a difficult task, which is associated not only with the ability to use technological and technical innovations, understand the principle of modern computer programs, reinforce the visual series with knowledge of the historical context, but also to know and understand how children’s consciousness works and how to instill good taste in a child.
The Collective Memory of the Motherland in Palestinian and Israeli Cinema
Authors: Nemer Nassar Ali
Published: January 2022

The author examines the differences in the interpretation of historical events in the cinematography of the two opposing sides — Palestine and Israel, and the ways of forming a particular point of view by means of dramaturgy. This subject is relevant in the light of the growing information confrontation between different states, as well as political and social movements. The article analyzes the event context of the creation of Israel as a state in the view of Israeli and Palestinian filmmakers. The author considers samples of Israeli and Palestinian film production — feature films and documentaries, television series that reflect the transfer of Palestinian territory to the Israelis in 1948. The day of the Arabs’ exodus from Palestine in 1948 is considered tragic for the Palestinians and is known among them as “Nakba” (catastrophe, cataclysm), but at the same time it is the Independence Day for the Jews of Israel.

The article demonstrates what plot devices and narrative techniques are used by directors to emphasize aspects of historical events that are beneficial to them, using cinematography as an instrument of ideological confrontation between the two peoples who have claims to the same land. Trying to have an impartial take, without siding with either of the conflicting parties, the author focuses exclusively on studying the means used by the creators of the films considered. This article can be useful for art historians, culturologists and sociologists dealing with issues of the Middle East, as well as for humanitarians whose research interests include theoretical understanding of ideology and propaganda without reference to specific epochs and regions (territories).
Invasive rodents and damages to food stocks: a study in the Autonomous Harbor of Cotonou, Benin
Authors: Dossou Henri-Joël , Adjovi Nestor Ahoyo , Houéménou Gualbert , Bagan Thomas , Mensah Guy-Apollinaire , Dobigny Gauthier
Published: January 2022

Description of the subject. Rodents may be major pests to crops and stored food, thus threatening food security. Among them, invasive species such as rats and mice are of particular concern since they are disseminated globally following international trade. We investigated the small mammal assemblage within the international seaport of Cotonou, Benin, in order to determine the relative importance and distribution of native vs invasive rodent species, as well as to evaluate the amount and associated costs of rodent-induced damages on imported/exported stored goods (here, rice). Objectives. Description of rodent assemblages within an African seaport, and evaluation of the associated damages on stored food stocks. Method. Rodent communities were described following trapping results while associated damages and costs were evaluated following a 25 days long monitoring campaign and subsequent economic estimation of loss. Results. Our results show that invasive mice and rats are, from far, the most impacting rodents in the storage warehouses, and that the associated economic losses are quite large. Moreover, we point towards a few environmental management procedures that may greatly reduce the impact of rodents on stored goods. Conclusions. Damages and costs due to invasive rodents within the Cotonou Harbor are so that they justify financial investment in rodent population control.
Pedagogical aspects of the formation of motivational attitudes at the stage of preparation and admission to service in the internal affairs bodies of young employees
Authors: Лунин А.А.
Published: January 2022

Сегодня во всех сферах нашей жизни происходят достаточно серьезные изменения которыетребуют грамотного чёткого и безусловно ответственного отношения всех специалистовзадействованных, в реформах за принимаемые решения, которые станут флагманом развитиягосударства и всех его институтов. Отдельно хотелось бы отметить, что педагогика и психологияявляются динамичными науками, в сферу которых входит в том числе изучение мотивов выбора путейсвоего личностного развития подростков, где важное значение имеет применение психолого-педагогических технологий, направленных на активизацию процесса обучения подрастающегопоколения и развития самостоятельности. В эпоху развития цифрового контента, информатизации иперехода в сети интернет многих жизненно важных направлений деятельности человека изменилась исистема ценностей, мотиваций и анализа перспектив развития личности. Поэтому все, что связано сполучением образования, выбора перспективных путей реализации полученных знаний и навыков такжедолжно идти в ногу со временем и даже опережать его.

Today, in all spheres of our life, quite serious changes are taking place that require a competent, clearand unconditionally responsible attitude of all specialists involved in reforms for the decisions made, which willbecome the flagship of the development of the state and all its institutions. Separately, I would like to note thatpedagogy and psychology are dynamic sciences, the scope of which includes, among other things, the study ofthe motives for choosing the paths of their personal development of adolescents, where the use of psychologicaland pedagogical technologies aimed at enhancing the learning process of the younger generation and thedevelopment of independence is important. In the era of digital content development, informatization and thetransition to the Internet of many vital areas of human activity, the system of values, motivations and analysis ofthe prospects for personality development has also changed. Therefore, everything related to obtaining aneducation, choosing promising ways to implement the knowledge and skills acquired must also keep pace withthe times and even be ahead of it.