bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Những Phụ Nữ Thừa Hưởng Gia Nghiệp Thi Hành Thánh Ý Chúa – Phân Tích Đoạn DS 36, 1-13
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Đức
Published: July 2023

Khi chuẩn bị tiến vào vùng đất hứa Canaan, Thiên Chúa đã truyền cho ông Mô-sê bắt thăm để phân chia đất đai làm gia nghiệp cho các chi tộc. Phần hai của sách dân số dành hầu hết nội dung để mô tả lại việc phân chia đất đai này. Theo Lời Chúa và dựa vào số liệu của cuộc kiểm tra dân số, ông Mô-sê chia đất cho các gia trưởng của các thị tộc con cái Ít-ra-en. Tuy nhiên, gia tộc của ông Xơ-lóp-khát lại không có đàn ông hay con trai để nhận số gia nghiệp ấy. Các con gái của ông Xơ-lóp-khát đã khiếu nại ông Mô-sê để xin cho gia tộc mình được thừa hưởng một phần gia nghiệp từ người cha đã chết mà không có con trai nối dõi. Con gái của ông Xơ-lóp-khát đã được chia gia nghiệp như các gia đình khác trong thị tộc. Tuy nhiên câu chuyện vẫn chưa kết thúc ở đó, khi các gia trưởng của thị tộc sợ mất đi sự toàn vẹn gia nghiệp của thị tộc vì con gái ông Xơ-lóp-khát sẽ đi lấy chồng. Bài viết sau đây sẽ phân tích đoạn Ds 36,1-13 để làm sáng tỏ những người con gái ông Xơ-lóp-khát đón nhận gia nghiệp của Thiên Chúa như thế nào?   Abstract When preparing to enter the promised land of Canaan, God instructed Moses to take a census in order to divide the land and allocate inheritances to the various tribes. The second part of the book of Numbers mainly focuses on describing this division of the land. According to the word of God and based on the census data, Moses divided the land among the elders of the clans of the Israelites. However, the clan of Zelophehad had no male heirs to inherit their portion of land. The daughters of Zelophehad approached Moses and requested that their clan be given a share of the inheritance since their father had died without leaving any sons. The daughters of Zelophehad were granted an inheritance like other families within their tribe. However, the story doesn't end there, as the clan elders were concerned that if the daughters of Zelophehad married men from other tribes, the integrity of their tribe's inheritance would be compromised. The following article will analyze Numbers 36:1-13 to clarify how the daughters of Zelophehad received their inheritance from God.
Crop diversification with short-duration cassava (Manihot esculenta) in the humid tropics for agronomic and economic benefits
Authors: SUJA G , SREEKUMAR J
Published: July 2023

Presently cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivation has shifted from the uplands to the lowlands, sequentially after main crop of rice, banana or vegetables and short-duration varieties (6-7 months) hold great promise. A three-year field experiment was carried out during 2007 to 2010 at Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram to develop feasible short-duration cassava-legume system in lowland situation akin to rice fallow. Two short-duration cassava varieties, Vellayani Hraswa and Sree Vijaya were evaluated in two cropping systems (sequential cropping and intercropping) involving two types of cowpea (vegetable (var. Pusa Komal) and grain types (var. C 152)) under two fertility levels based on soil testing (full and reduced) in split plot design. Vellayani Hraswa (24.55 tonnes/ha) produced significantly higher yield over Sree Vijaya (21.46 tonnes/ha) in systems involving cowpea. But the tuber and total biomass, crop growth rate, tuber bulking rate, mean tuber bulking rate, relative growth rate and harvest index of the varieties was comparable. Sequential cropping proved superior to intercropping as indicated by the significantly higher fresh tuber yield of 26.07 tonnes/ha under sequential cropping over 19.94 tonnes/ha in intercropping) and dry matter production. Both vegetable cowpea and grain cowpea were equally compatible with short-duration cassava under both the systems. Entire P and half N for short-duration cassava (N: P2O5: K2O @ 50:0:100 kg/ha) could be saved in both the systems involving cowpea by the third year. Sequential cropping of vegetable cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] followed by short-duration cassava (under full N) proved to be a profitable production system generating the highest net return (Rs. 97398/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.15).
Profiling mahua (Bassia latifolia) accessions for flower characters and nutraceutical attributes under north Indian conditions
Authors: SINGH A K , BAJPAI ANJU , RAVISHANKAR H , SINGH V K , SINGH J P
Published: July 2023

Mahua (Bassia latifolia Roxb.) is a characteristic spontaneous crop species found scattered throughout the tropics and subtropics of the Indian subcontinent. Categorized as an underutilized fruit crop, there is considerable scope to evaluate and characterize the available diverse germplasm in natural stands for promoting its utilization on commercial scale. Keeping the importance of variability in view, 24 accessions collected from different diversity hot spots of the country during 2006-2010 were asexually propagated on seedling rootstocks, planted in the field gene bank and evaluated for flower biology, physicochemical and nutraceutical parameters of the fruit. Approach herkogamy demonstrated by spatial separation of sex organs, existed in the species as an out-crossing mechanism allowing gene flow and genetic introgression in natural stands that contributed to the prevailing diversity. The pollen was 45-55 Î¼m in size, anemophily coexisting with geitonogamy appeared to be the mechanism of pollen transfer. Thus, the flower biology demonstrated floral attributes that accounted for cross pollination resulting in genetic introgression and generation of appreciable diversity in natural stands, emphasizing needs of its characterization for profitable utilization. Based on the attributes, CISH M-4, CISH M-3 and CISH M-8 showed promise in respect of different fruit quality parameters. CISH M-4 outscored others with regard to juice content (65.42 %), pomace (37.94), TSS (26.40 0Brix), Total sugar (23.497 %), Vit C content (64.163 mg/100g) and antioxidant value (44.483 mg AEAC/g). Lack of improved cultivars for commercial utilization, can thus be attended by focused evaluation of mahua germplasm accessions for the fruit quality parameters and their exploitation in further crop improvement programmes.
CODESRIA Bulletin, Nos 3 & 4, 2011
Authors: Journal system
Published: July 2023

Abstract
On Poetic Modes of Glorifying a Ruler and Retelling His Past: The Sāḷuvābhyudaya Narrative on Sāḷuva Narasiṃha the Ahobilanarasiṃha Incarnate
Authors: Dębicka-Borek Ewa
Published: July 2023

This paper discusses the poetic modes of recounting the past in a Sanskrit mahākāvya titled Sāḷuvābhyudaya, authored by Rājanātha Ḍiṇḍima ca. 1480 AD, to eulogise Sāḷuva Narasiṃha, the soon-to-be founder of the Sāḷuva dynasty of Vijayanagara. Focusing on the poem’s second canto, which is built on the theme of divine intervention culminating in the miraculous conception of the future, I argue that depiction of Sāḷuva Narasiṃha as the Ahobilanarasiṃha incarnate – a rather locally known form of Narasiṃha presiding over a Vaishnava religious centre in Ahobilam (currently Andhra Pradesh) – was aimed at enunciating his martial power and justifying his claims to the Vijayanagara throne, while simultaneously revealing the growing interests of Vijayanagara rulers in cooperating with temples and religious institutions.
Recordar, repetir e elaborar
Authors: Katz Gildo
Published: July 2023

O autor discute a evolução do conceito de repetição e compulsão à repetição na obra de Freud salientando que o primeiro relaciona-se às pulsões de vida e à transferência e o segundo à pulsão de morte. Ilustra, através de um exemplo clínico, como, em certas circunstâncias, os procedimentos autocalmantes servem ao propósito de lidar com a pulsão de morte. A partir daí enfatiza a necessidade de utilizar-se de se abordar o problema com técnicas que fogem daquelas utilizadas nas neuroses de transferência nas quais valoriza-se mais a interpretação do que a atitude empática . Conclui que somente dessa maneira a psicanálise, em casos semelhantes, nos quais falta a angústia sinal, a clínica psicanalítica poderá ser efetiva e terá futuro pois estes quadros caracterizam o que se denominou de patologias atuais.
Sobre como adotar uma teoria (psicanalítica) sem tornar-se um adepto
Authors: Viñar Marcelo
Published: July 2023

Conferência apresentada na Sociedade de Psicanálise Freudiana, Paris, 12 de dezembro de 2005.
Novos tempos, velhas recomendações II
Authors: Paim Filho Ignácio Alves , Leite Lísia
Published: July 2023

Os autores se propõem a refletir, nesse “Novos Tempos, Velhas Recomendações II”, a interação entre Função Analítica e a Função de Escuta. Para tal, partem da regra fundamental da atenção flutuante, vendo nessa um instrumento vital para que o analista possa escutar o fluir dos inconscientes. Buscam tecer a hipótese metapsicológica de que a “atenção” está para a força de ligação da pulsão sexual assim como a “flutuação” está para a força disruptiva da pulsão de morte. Ratificam a importância de se validar nesses novos tempos a escuta analítica do inconsciente, do representável ao irrepresentável, tendo como vetor a atenção flutuante.
Ovodoação
Authors: Plut Sebastián , Oliveira José Facundo Passos de
Published: July 2023

Neste trabalho serão expostas algumas conclusões e reflexões provenientes de uma pesquisa em andamento, realizada por J. F. Oliveira. Inicialmente, a proposta da investigação foi estudar algumas características psicológicas de mulheres que decidiram recorrer à ovodoação para poder ter filhos. Certamente estão em jogo inúmeros aspectos, e cada um deles poderia ser objeto de estudo específico. [...]
itinerário da ética da alteridade
Authors: Amaral Augusto Jobim do , Pereira Gustavo Oliveira de Lima
Published: July 2023

Não existe questão humana que não seja uma questão radicalmente ética. Portanto, contar com a alteridade e tê-la em conta representa o intervalo crítico que, irredutível à tematização, convoca a diferença como significação para além de qualquer essência. O trauma ao pensamento logocentrado inspira um instante que irrompe no dizer ético por excelência, desagregando, com seu encontro com o outro, as racionalidades bem pensadas e que investe de responsabilidade qualquer crítica da realidade.
Desejo, dor e pensamento. Pensar transforma-dor?
Authors: Skowronsky Silvia Brandão
Published: July 2023

O campo do desejo e os caminhos de figurabilidade e representação psíquica estão construídos na metapsicologia de Freud em 1915. As possíveis figurabilidades, com as formas-de-ação do inconsciente recalcado, os sonhos, atos falhos, sintomas e transferência, são indicadores da representabilidade da pulsão na expressão da dimensão psíquica. Campo do desejo em dialética com o interdito e com o pensamento. Solução da dimensão psíquica para angústia. Um afeto assim como a dor. Barbárie, violência e tragédia são diferentes de drama. A construção conceitual de Freud, a partir de Além do princípio do prazer, de 1920, ilustra as ampliações teóricas para se pensar o traumático e a destrutividade. O campo da dor. Freud conceitua o instinto de morte como um componente intrínseco à origem inorgânica, da matéria inanimada, tende para a volta ao estado anterior, inorgânico e ao repouso absoluto. O nada! Não vida. Para Freud, a pulsão de vida e o instinto de morte coexistem desde o nascimento. Ligação, desligação e a intrincação. Caminho dialético entre o desejo e a dor. Desafios para o pensamento. Ser humano, um sujeito do inconsciente.
“Eu te bato porque te amo” – sobre a violência contra a mulher
Authors: Vives Renata Viola
Published: July 2023

A pandemia que nos assola denunciou algo há muito conhecido: a violência de gênero. Nos vimos diante do aumento do número de casos de violência contra a mulher, inclusive com muitos casos de feminicídio. Essa violência não é só resultado dos aspectos sadomasoquistas, mas da junção de fatores intrapsíquicos, transgeracionais, culturais e sociais. Através de um relato clínico de uma paciente que viveu uma situação de violência, e apoiados na teoria psicanalítica contemporânea, procuramos compreender esses fenômenos cada vez mais comuns em nossa sociedade.
Trauma e representação
Authors: Saigh Yeda Alcide
Published: July 2023

Neste artigo, apresento e comento, à luz das idéias freudianas, os conceitos de trauma, representação e repetição. Podemos considerar que a primeira mudança traumática, que passa a ser o protótipo de toda mudança posterior, é o trauma do nascimento; é seguida pela terrível catástrofe, que é a descoberta do terceiro e é tomada como modelo em relação a todas quantas se seguem, no desenvolvimento da vida dos indivíduos. Grande parte do desenvolvimento emocional, ao longo da vida, dependerá da maneira como o indivíduo vai lidar e elaborar essas vivências traumáticas. Os conceitos são ilustrados com comentários sobre um caso clínico.
Integrated Electromagnetic Device with On‐Off Heterointerface for Intelligent Switching Between Wave‐Absorption and Wave‐Transmission
Authors: Pan Fei , Pei Ke , Chen Gang , Guo Hongtao , Jiang Haojie , Che Renchao , Lu Wei
Published: July 2023

Intelligent electromagnetic wave absorbers (IEAs) are in high demand due to their dynamic electromagnetic parameters that can adapt to the complex and volatile application environments of the current 5G era. Despite of this, there is currently a lack of research on the convertible electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption mode (switching between wave‐absorption and wave‐transmission) and their integrated design with external physical stimulations, so that the electromagnetic device will realize intelligent switching in any conditions. In this work, a V2C‐VO2(M) heterostructure that exhibits a reversible metal–insulator transition at the temperature of 62 °C is fabricated via oxidation of MXene. The heterostructures demonstrate near wave‐transmission characteristics at 25 °C while wave‐absorption behavior with wide effective absorption bandwidth (4.04 GHz) at 70 °C. VO2(M) exhibits stronger intrinsic conductivity after phase transition, and the “on‐off” heterostructure between V2C and VO2 lead to poor/strong local conductive network and interfacial polarization in 25/70 °C, thus creating “quantized” dielectric loss. Furthermore, a multilayered electromagnetic functional device is developed to facilitate the absorber's phase transition temperature at a voltage of 17.5 V. This work presents promising opportunities of the V2C‐VO2(M) heterostructure for various applications, including radar stealth, portable stealth suits, signal regulation, and deicing.
Roles of Alkali Metals tert‐Butoxide as Catalysts and Activators in Organic Transformations
Authors: Patel Chandresh K. , Banerjee Sourav , Kant Kamal , Sengupta Ragini , Aljaar Nayyef , Malakar Chandi C.
Published: July 2023

The alkali metal tert‐butoxides have found wide application as catalysts and activators for the conversion of numerous organic molecules. These formidable additives in catalytic amounts are extensively employed in the transition metal‐free approaches to serve for the single‐electron transfer processes towards the formation of C−C and C‐heteroatom bond formation. This review elucidates their multifaceted roles encompassing a series of novel synthetic methodologies, in‐depth analyses of their reactivity patterns, and catalytic efficiencies across a myriad of reactions. The involvement of alkali metal tert‐butoxides either directly or in combination with other metals as catalysts are discussed along with the detailed mechanistic pathways in various reactions. Overall, this article summarises approximately all reactions those have been influenced by the catalytic amounts of tert‐butoxides and reported in the last decades.
Investigation of High‐Power Spatiotemporal Mode‐Locking with High Beam Quality
Authors: Zhang Huaiwei , Lu Jiayu , Peng Jiying , Xiao Xiaosheng , Xu Guoyu , Zhang Yunhong , Su Xinyang , Sun Tianran , Zheng Kai , Zheng Yi , Yao Jianquan
Published: July 2023

The developed spatiotemporal mode‐locked (STML) laser has emerged as an effective platform for investigating high‐dimensional nonlinear spatiotemporal dynamics. Additionally, it offers a novel avenue for the design of fiber oscillators capable of operating at high power levels. At present, the focus of STML laser research primarily revolves around this aspect. However, considering practical applications, there is a strong desire to conceive a simple all‐fiber STML oscillator with both high beam quality and high power. In this study, an all‐fiber, high‐power STML oscillator based on multimode fibers is constructed and investigated. By manipulating the pump power and the polarization state, the laser could operate in a dissipative soliton or noise‐like pulse regime, both with average output powers of two operation states reaching the Watt level. Simultaneously, high‐quality output beam profiles are observed in both operation states. To the best of knowledge, this is the first demonstration of high‐power spatiotemporal mode‐locking with high beam quality. The study holds great benefits for advancing the investigations of compact all‐fiber STML lasers which deliver high‐power outputs with superior beam quality and ultimately propels the application of STML lasers. Furthermore, this study contributes to the understanding of the behavior of STML lasers with high power.
Exciton and Excited‐State Charge Transfer at 2D van der Waals Interfaces
Authors: Zorn Morales Nicolas , Rühl Daniel Steffen , List-Kratochvil Emil , Blumstengel Sylke
Published: July 2023

Combining materials with diverse properties into two‐dimensional (2D) van der Waals heterostructures lies at the heart of electronic, optoelectronic, and photonic applications. Prerequisite is a significant degree of electronic or photonic coupling of the constituents across the heterointerface. Understanding and controlling these interactions is mandatory to achieve the desired functionality. This review focuses on the charge and energy transfer processes and their dynamics in a specific class of van der Waals heterostructures, namely such composed of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides and conjugated organic molecules. With the help of prototypical material combinations, the importance of a precise knowledge of the interfacial electronic structure is demonstrated as it governs the excited‐state dynamics. This review aims at providing basic design guidelines to achieve functional 2D organic/inorganic van der Waals heterostructures with final properties that can be designed by careful selection of the organic component.
A Simple and Effective Physical Ball‐Milling Strategy to Prepare Super‐Tough and Stretchable PVA@MXene@PPy Hydrogel for Flexible Capacitive Electronics
Authors: Qin Zipeng , Zhao Gang , Zhang Yaoyang , Gu Zhiheng , Tang Yuhan , Aladejana John Tosin , Ren Junna , Jiang Yunhong , Guo Zhanhu , Peng Xiangfang , Zhang Xuehua , Xu Ben Bin , Chen Tingjie
Published: July 2023

Biomimetic flexible electronics for E‐skin have received increasing attention, due to their ability to sense various movements. However, the development of smart skin‐mimic material remains a challenge. Here, a simple and effective approach is reported to fabricate super‐tough, stretchable, and self‐healing conductive hydrogel consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets, and polypyrrole (PPy) (PMP hydrogel). The MXene nanosheets and Fe3+ serve as multifunctional cross‐linkers and effective stress transfer centers, to facilitate a considerable high conductivity, super toughness, and ultra‐high stretchability (elongation up to 4300%) for the PMP hydrogel with. The hydrogels also exhibit rapid self‐healing and repeatable self‐adhesive capacity because of the presence of dynamic borate ester bond. The flexible capacitive strain sensor made by PMP hydrogel shows a relatively broad range of strain sensing (up to 400%), with a self‐healing feature. The sensor can precisely monitor various human physiological signals, including joint movements, facial expressions, and pulse waves. The PMP hydrogel‐based supercapacitor is demonstrated with a high capacitance retention of ≈92.83% and a coulombic efficiency of ≈100%.
Performance evaluation of downhole oil–water separators in wells that use DWL technique using computational fluid dynamics: influence of velocities and flow rates
Authors: Buhamad Ahmad , Saeedi Dehaghani Amir Hossein
Published: July 2023

A major issue in many oil fields is the production of undesirable water from oil wells. One of the most important causes of unwanted water is water coning. This phenomenon may be leading to a decreasing oil production rate, an increasing water cut, and consequently high production costs. Downhole water loop (DWL) is a relatively new and effective technique to control water coning. Even though many studies have shown how effective the DWL approach is in reducing the problem of water cones, the issue of oil droplets escaping the drainage zone might damage the injection area and perhaps cause blockage. It is suggested to use the downhole oil–water separator (DOWS) approach to separate oil droplets from the water stream based on the difference in densities. This article gives a numerical analysis of DOWS in two stages. In order to confirm that the simulator could faithfully simulate this sort of separator, the findings of the employed simulator were first compared with the preceding analytical solutions. Then the impact of inlet velocities and flow rates was discussed numerically for seven scenarios in the second stage. The results showed that a high inlet velocity encourages the formation of oil droplets as a result of the mixture stream colliding with the separator walls, whereas a low inlet velocity produced undesirable results because the oil droplets remained dispersed in the water stream (the separation efficiency was 30.6% less than the high-velocity condition). In the following case, a novel design based on expanding the mixture input area and changing the mixture inlet and outlet points was presented to lessen the impact of mixture inlet velocity. The separation efficiency was improved by 38.65% as a result of this approach. Finally, the discussion's findings about the effect of mixture flow rates at the separator's inlet and upper outlet showed that the inlet rate has a bigger impact on separator performance than the upper outlet rate. The outcomes of this research and the numerical models can be utilized to enhance the system-level design, better understand this kind of separator, and increase its efficacy.
Comparison of prediction of biogas yield in a batch mode underground fixed dome digester with cow dung
Authors: Obileke KeChrist , Tangwe Stephen , Makaka Golden , Mukumba Patrick
Published: July 2023

The study aimed to compare the development of an artificial neural network (ANN) and multilinear regression (MLR) model used to predict the performance of biogas in a batch-mode underground fixed dome biogas digester. In this study, 50 experimental datasets were used to assess the rate of biogas production with developed ANN and MLR models. The six variables, including solar irradiance, relative humidity, slurry temperature, biogas temperature, pH, and ambient temperature, were selected as the input parameters or predictors of the model. Therefore, the developed ANN and MLR models were used to describe the rate of biogas yield. The study found that the determination coefficient (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) for ANN and MLR were 0.999/0.968 and 8.33 × 10−6/1.84 × 10−4, respectively. Both models were significant because of their high correlation between measured and predicted values of the biogas yield. However, the ANN performs better because of the smaller RMSE and higher R2 derived compared to the corresponding values of the MLR. The study proved that both the ANN and MLR can accurately predict the rate of biogas production but with better predictions obtained from ANN.
Cracking property and brittleness evaluation of granite under high-temperature true triaxial compression in geothermal systems
Authors: Liu Zaobao , Wang Chuan , Zhang Mingshan , Shao Jian-fu
Published: July 2023

Cracking property and brittleness are critically important to the drillability of injection and production wells of enhanced geothermal systems. This paper is devoted to evaluating the cracking property and brittleness of the Gonghe granite under high-temperature true triaxial compression conditions through a series of laboratory tests. Thermal–mechanical coupled true triaxial compression tests were conducted on Gonghe granite samples under four representative temperatures (20 °C, 120 °C, 180 °C, and 240 °C) and three different minimum (5, 10, and 30 MPa) and intermediate (40, 60, and 75 MPa) principal stresses that correspond to the in-situ conditions of Gonghe geothermal reservoir. The strength, deformation, and cracking characteristics of the Gonghe granite are quantitatively evaluated from macro- to micro-scales based on the experimental results. Meanwhile, a novel brittleness index evaluation method considering both energy and failure surface roughness is proposed to accurately assess the brittleness strength of the Gonghe granite. We found that the strength of Gonghe granite is reduced by more than 20% when the temperature increases from room temperature to 240 °C. Higher temperature contributes to a smoother fracture surface and reduced brittleness of the Gonghe granite under thermal–mechanical coupled true triaxial compression. Our findings provide new insights for brittleness evaluation of the Gonghe granite formation and assist in efficient wells drilling design of enhanced geothermal systems.
Thymus × citriodorus: an Emerging Aromatic and Medicinal Hybrid Plant with Relevant Bioactive Potential
Authors: Oliveira Ana Sofia , Cavaleiro Carlos , Martinez-de-Oliveira José , Palmeira-de-Oliveira Ana
Published: July 2023

Thymus × citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb., Lamiaceae, is an emerging aromatic and medicinal hybrid plant with a lemon-like aroma and a mild and sweet-floral odor, distinct from other species from the Thymus genus, a characteristic that makes it appealing for food-related industries. Still, its different chemical profile also makes it particularly interesting for industries in other sectors. This review aimed to clarify the value of Thymus × citriodorus for health or well-being applications, by systematizing information on its different bioactive properties, which are relevant for health-related applications. Information on the chemical composition of its volatile oil and different extracts and the factors that contributed to the variation of their major components were also addressed. Geraniol was reported as the major compound in volatile oils from this plant, with relative abundances varying widely. Extracts (water or hydroalcoholic) were chiefly characterized by the presence of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and triterpenic acids. A wide variety of biologically significant activities were reported for the volatile oil and extracts of Thymus × citriodorus. This included antioxidant, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities and cytoprotective effects on hepatic cells. Still, few studies address the hazardous/toxic effects on non-target organisms. Based on the reported bioactivities, the interest in Thymus × citriodorus goes beyond food-related applications. Further studies are still necessary to characterize this emerging hybrid plant for efficacy and safety of its preparations, thus promoting its value as raw material for industries in other fields, such as the cosmetic, perfumery, and pharmaceutical ones.

Graphical Abstract
Data Governance in a Trilemma: A Qualitative Analysis of Rights, Values, and Goals in Building Data Commons
Authors: Zygmuntowski Jan Oleszczuk
Published: July 2023

Most of the discussions on data governance stress legal and technological aspects, while avoiding the discussion of power, stakeholder interests, and value. In order to move from formal debates to operational institution-building, we ask about the goals of data governance for different stakeholders and why data commons can be useful in achieving them. We discuss the evolution of data governance over time and cast light on the antagonism between three main goals of data governance: protecting fundamental rights, generating economic value and serving public interest. Given the necessity to navigate this conflicted political economy of data, we introduce the data governance trilemma (DGT) model. We turn to data commons as an institution capable of solving the collective action problem and negotiating acceptable configuration of the DGT goals. In order to operationalize data commons using DGT, we conducted workshops combining the critical success factors (CSFs) method with a deliberative Delphi technique. We find that the systemic configuration of data governance should be restructured towards data sovereignty, founded on institutional trust, protection of rights, and obligatory data sharing with the public interest in mind. Based on our results, we claim that unless we build data commons to steward data as a democratic medium, a lack of legitimization will riddle attempts to govern data better, and societal benefits will fail to manifest.
JUN-induced super-enhancer RNA forms R-loop to promote nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis
Authors: Jia Qunying , Tan Yuan , Li Yuejin , Wu Yao , Wang Jing , Tang Faqin
Published: July 2023

Oncogenic super-enhancers (SEs) generate noncoding enhancer/SE RNAs (eRNAs/seRNAs) that exert a critical function in malignancy through powerful regulation of target gene expression. Herein, we show that a JUN-mediated seRNA can form R-loop to regulate target genes to promote metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A combination of global run-on sequencing, chromatin-immunoprecipitation sequencing, and RNA sequencing was used to screen seRNAs. A specific seRNA associated with NPC metastasis (seRNA-NPCM) was identified as a transcriptional regulator for N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1). JUN was found to regulate seRNA-NPCM through motif binding. seRNA-NPCM was elevated in NPC cancer tissues and highly metastatic cell lines, and promoted the metastasis of NPC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the 3’ end of seRNA-NPCM hybridizes with the SE region to form an R-loop, and the middle segment of seRNA-NPCM binds to heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R (hnRNPR) at the promoter of distal gene NDRG1 and neighboring gene tribbles pseudokinase 1 (TRIB1). These structures promote chromatin looping and long-distance chromatin interactions between SEs and promoters, thus facilitating NDRG1 and TRIB1 transcription. Furthermore, the clinical analyses showed that seRNA-NPCM and NDRG1 were independent prognostic factors for NPC patients. seRNA-NPCM plays a critical role in orchestrating target gene transcription to promote NPC metastasis.
Ultralow-field magnetocaloric materials for compact magnetic refrigeration
Authors: Liu Peng , Yuan Dongsheng , Dong Chao , Lin Gaoting , Víllora Encarnación G. , Qi Ji , Zhao Xinguo , Shimamura Kiyoshi , Ma Jie , Wang Junfeng , Zhang Zhidong , Li Bing
Published: July 2023

Magnetic refrigeration around the liquid-helium temperature plays a critical role in many technological sectors. Even if gallium gadolinium garnet (GGG) has been regarded as the benchmark, its application is highly limited by the small magnetic entropy changes, the requirement of superconducting magnets, and the large device sizes. Here, we report that LiREF4 (RE = rare earth) single crystals exhibit significantly superior magnetocaloric performance levels to commercial GGG. Under a small magnetic field of 5 kOe, which can be easily achieved by a permanent magnet, the magnetic entropy change reaches a record-high value of 16.7 J kg−1 K−1 in LiHoF4 in contrast to the value of 1.0 J kg−1 K−1 in GGG. The combination of small driving fields, large entropy changes, and excellent thermal and/or magnetic reversibility enables this series to be employed as the ideal working material for compact magnetic refrigeration around the liquid-helium temperature.
Mammalian maxilloturbinal evolution does not reflect thermal biology
Authors: Martinez Quentin , Okrouhlík Jan , Šumbera Radim , Wright Mark , Araújo Ricardo , Braude Stan , Hildebrandt Thomas B. , Holtze Susanne , Ruf Irina , Fabre Pierre-Henri
Published: July 2023

The evolution of endothermy in vertebrates is a major research topic in recent decades that has been tackled by a myriad of research disciplines including paleontology, anatomy, physiology, evolutionary and developmental biology. The ability of most mammals to maintain a relatively constant and high body temperature is considered a key adaptation, enabling them to successfully colonize new habitats and harsh environments. It has been proposed that in mammals the anterior nasal cavity, which houses the maxilloturbinal, plays a pivotal role in body temperature maintenance, via a bony system supporting an epithelium involved in heat and moisture conservation. The presence and the relative size of the maxilloturbinal has been proposed to reflect the endothermic conditions and basal metabolic rate in extinct vertebrates. We show that there is no evidence to relate the origin of endothermy and the development of some turbinal bones by using a comprehensive dataset of µCT-derived maxilloturbinals spanning most mammalian orders. Indeed, we demonstrate that neither corrected basal metabolic rate nor body temperature significantly correlate with the relative surface area of the maxilloturbinal. Instead, we identify important variations in the relative surface area, morpho-anatomy, and complexity of the maxilloturbinal across the mammalian phylogeny and species ecology.
Surface coupling in Bi2Se3 ultrathin films by screened Coulomb interaction
Authors: Liu Jia-nan , Yang Xu , Xue Haopu , Gai Xue-song , Sun Rui , Li Yang , Gong Zi-Zhao , Li Na , Xie Zong-Kai , He Wei , Zhang Xiang-Qun , Xue Desheng , Cheng Zhao-Hua
Published: July 2023

Single-particle band theory has been very successful in describing the band structure of topological insulators. However, with decreasing thickness of topological insulator thin films, single-particle band theory is insufficient to explain their band structures and transport properties due to the existence of top and bottom surface-state coupling. Here, we reconstruct this coupling with an equivalently screened Coulomb interaction in Bi2Se3 ultrathin films. The thickness-dependent position of the Dirac point and the magnitude of the mass gap are discussed in terms of the Hartree approximation and the self-consistent gap equation. We find that for thicknesses below 6 quintuple layers, the magnitude of the mass gap is in good agreement with the experimental results. Our work provides a more accurate means of describing and predicting the behaviour of quasi-particles in ultrathin topological insulator films and stacked topological systems.
Representations in human primary visual cortex drift over time
Authors: Roth Zvi N. , Merriam Elisha P.
Published: July 2023

Primary sensory regions are believed to instantiate stable neural representations, yet a number of recent rodent studies suggest instead that representations drift over time. To test whether sensory representations are stable in human visual cortex, we analyzed a large longitudinal dataset of fMRI responses to images of natural scenes. We fit the fMRI responses using an image-computable encoding model and tested how well the model generalized across sessions. We found systematic changes in model fits that exhibited cumulative drift over many months. Convergent analyses pinpoint changes in neural responsivity as the source of the drift, while population-level representational dissimilarities between visual stimuli were unchanged. These observations suggest that downstream cortical areas may read-out a stable representation, even as representations within V1 exhibit drift.
The behavioral signature of stepwise learning strategy in male rats and its neural correlate in the basal forebrain
Authors: Manzur Hachi E. , Vlasov Ksenia , Jhong You-Jhe , Chen Hung-Yen , Lin Shih-Chieh
Published: July 2023

Studies of associative learning have commonly focused on how rewarding outcomes are predicted by either sensory stimuli or animals’ actions. However, in many learning scenarios, reward delivery requires the occurrence of both sensory stimuli and animals’ actions in a specific order, in the form of behavioral sequences. How such behavioral sequences are learned is much less understood. Here we provide behavioral and neurophysiological evidence to show that behavioral sequences are learned using a stepwise strategy. In male rats learning a new association, learning started from the behavioral event closest to the reward and sequentially incorporated earlier events. This led to the sequential refinement of reward-seeking behaviors, which was characterized by the stepwise elimination of ineffective and non-rewarded behavioral sequences. At the neuronal level, this stepwise learning process was mirrored by the sequential emergence of basal forebrain neuronal responses toward each event, which quantitatively conveyed a reward prediction error signal and promoted reward-seeking behaviors. Together, these behavioral and neural signatures revealed how behavioral sequences were learned in discrete steps and when each learning step took place.
Grain boundary effects in high-temperature liquid-metal dealloying: a multi-phase field study
Authors: Bieberdorf Nathan , Asta Mark , Capolungo Laurent
Published: July 2023

A multi-phase field model is employed to study the microstructural evolution of an alloy undergoing liquid dealloying, specifically considering the role of grain boundaries. A semi-implicit time-stepping algorithm using spectral methods is implemented, which enables simulating large 2D and 3D domains over long time scales while still maintaining a realistic interfacial thickness. Simulations reveal a mechanism of coupled grain–boundary migration to maintain equilibrium contact angles with the topologically complex solid–liquid interface, which locally accelerates diffusion-coupled growth of a liquid channel into the precursor. This mechanism asymmetrically disrupts the ligament connectivity of the dealloyed structure in qualitative agreement with published experimental observations. The grain boundary migration-assisted corrosion channels form even for precursors with small amounts of the dissolving alloy species, below the parting limit. The activation of this grain boundary dealloying mechanism depends strongly on grain boundary mobility.
Space hardware for concrete sample production on ISS “MASON concrete mixer”
Authors: Müller J. T. I. , Rattenbacher B. , Tell K. , Rösch C. , Welsch T. , Maurer M. , Sperl M. , Schnellenbach-Held M.
Published: July 2023

Advances in space flight technology will enable the construction of Moon or even Mars bases in the not-too-distant future. Thus, materials will be needed that are suitable for building in microgravity environments. One idea is to use concrete, the most used construction material on Earth, for these challenging tasks. The hardening and the properties of concrete under the boundary conditions prevailing on Earth are well understood, but there is only limited research on concrete produced in microgravity. Hence, a research project called MASON was established, which aims to mix and harden concrete on the ISS and to investigate the properties of the specimens made in microgravity extensively. Since a defined geometry of the specimens would be favorable for these investigations, a special hardware was developed, called the MASON Concrete Mixer (MCM), which allows the production of concrete specimens fulfilling the requirements on the geometry as well as the safety requirements. Subsequently, the development, design, tests, and qualification of the MCM as well as its usage are presented.
A 64k pixel CMOS-DEPFET module for the soft X-rays DSSC imager operating at MHz-frame rates
Authors: Maffessanti Stefano , Hansen Karsten , Aschauer Stefan , Castoldi Andrea , Erdinger Florian , Fiorini Carlo , Fischer Peter , Kalavakuru Pradeep , Klär Helmut , Manghisoni Massimo , Reckleben Christian , Strüder Lothar , Porro Matteo
Published: July 2023

The 64k pixel DEPFET module is the key sensitive component of the DEPFET Sensor with Signal Compression (DSSC), a large area 2D hybrid detector for capturing and measuring soft X-rays at the European XFEL. The final 1-megapixel camera has to detect photons with energies between $$250\,\text{eV}$$

250

eV

and $$6\,\text{keV}$$

6

keV

, and must provide a peak frame rate of $$4.5\,\text{MHz}$$

4.5

MHz

to cope with the unique bunch structure of the European XFEL. This work summarizes the functionalities and properties of the first modules assembled with full-format CMOS-DEPFET arrays, featuring $$512\,\times \,128$$

512

×

128

hexagonally-shaped pixels with a side length of 136 μm. The pixel sensors utilize the DEPFET technology to realize an extremely low input capacitance for excellent energy resolution and, at the same time, an intrinsic capability of signal compression without any gain switching. Each pixel of the readout ASIC includes a DEPFET-bias current cancellation circuitry, a trapezoidal-shaping filter, a 9-bit ADC and a 800-word long digital memory. The trimming, calibration and final characterization were performed in a laboratory test-bench at DESY. All detector features are assessed at $$18\,^{\circ }\text{C}$$

18

∘

C

. An outstanding equivalent noise charge of $$9.8$$

9.8

e−rms is achieved at ﻿1.1-MHz frame rate and gain of 26.8 Analog-to-Digital Unit per keV ($$\,\text {ADU}/\text{keV}$$

ADU
/
keV

). At $$4.5\,\text{MHz}$$

4.5

MHz

and $$3.1\,\,\text {ADU}/\text{keV}$$

3.1

ADU
/
keV

, a noise of $$25.5$$

25.5

e−rms and a dynamic range of $$26\,\text{k}\text {e}^{-}$$

26

ke
-

are obtained. The highest dynamic range of $$1.345\,\text{M}\text {e}^{-}$$

1.345

Me
-

is reached at $$2.25\,\text{MHz}$$

2.25

MHz

and $$1.6\,\text {ADU}/\text{keV}$$

1.6

ADU
/
keV

. These values can fulfill the specification of the DSSC project.
In vivo study on borophene nanoflakes interaction with Tenebrio molitor beetle: viability of hemocytes and short-term immunity effect
Authors: Czarniewska Elżbieta , Sielicki Krzysztof , Maślana Klaudia , Mijowska Ewa
Published: July 2023

The family of graphene-based materials welcomed a new member, borophene, in 2014. Research on synthesis routes and experimental study on physicochemical and biological (especially in vivo) properties still is strongly desired in order to evaluate its practical potential as a drug delivery-system. The effect of two-dimensional borophene nanoflakes on cells, systems and the entire animal organism has not been studied so far. Therefore, we investigated in vivo its biocompatibility with hemocytes in the Tenebrio molitor as a model organism. Short-term studies demonstrated that borophene nanoflakes at doses of 0.5, 1 or 2 µg of nanoflakes per insect did not induce hemocytotoxicity. Hemocytes exposed to nanoflakes showed morphology, adhesiveness and ability to form filopodia as in the control hemocytes. A detailed study indicates that borophene nanoflakes do not: (i) generate intracellular reactive oxygen species in hemocytes, (ii) affect the mitochondrial membrane potential and (iii) interfere with phagocytosis. Therefore, this contribution presents new in vivo insights into the group of two-dimensional materials which are one of the most promising materials for biomedical applications owing to their special structure and unique properties. However, long-term studies in insects and other animals are still necessary to confirm that borophene is biocompatible and biologically safe.
Machine learning-based approaches for cancer prediction using microbiome data
Authors: Freitas Pedro , Silva Francisco , Sousa Joana Vale , Ferreira Rui M. , Figueiredo Céu , Pereira Tania , Oliveira Hélder P.
Published: July 2023

Emerging evidence of the relationship between the microbiome composition and the development of numerous diseases, including cancer, has led to an increasing interest in the study of the human microbiome. Technological breakthroughs regarding DNA sequencing methods propelled microbiome studies with a large number of samples, which called for the necessity of more sophisticated data-analytical tools to analyze this complex relationship. The aim of this work was to develop a machine learning-based approach to distinguish the type of cancer based on the analysis of the tissue-specific microbial information, assessing the human microbiome as valuable predictive information for cancer identification. For this purpose, Random Forest algorithms were trained for the classification of five types of cancer—head and neck, esophageal, stomach, colon, and rectum cancers—with samples provided by The Cancer Microbiome Atlas database. One versus all and multi-class classification studies were conducted to evaluate the discriminative capability of the microbial data across increasing levels of cancer site specificity, with results showing a progressive rise in difficulty for accurate sample classification. Random Forest models achieved promising performances when predicting head and neck, stomach, and colon cancer cases, with the latter returning accuracy scores above 90% across the different studies conducted. However, there was also an increased difficulty when discriminating esophageal and rectum cancers, failing to differentiate with adequate results rectum from colon cancer cases, and esophageal from head and neck and stomach cancers. These results point to the fact that anatomically adjacent cancers can be more complex to identify due to microbial similarities. Despite the limitations, microbiome data analysis using machine learning may advance novel strategies to improve cancer detection and prevention, and decrease disease burden.
Incidence, risk factors, and clinical findings of syphilis among men living with HIV in Croatia during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Begovac Josip , Romih Pintar Vanja , Vrsaljko Nina , Močibob Loris , Bogdanić Nikolina , Zekan Šime , Đaković Rode Oktavija
Published: July 2023

We conducted a nationwide longitudinal observational study to estimate the incidence of syphilis in a cohort of male persons living with HIV (MLWH) in Croatia in the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 years. Data were reviewed and extracted from the clinical database. We analyzed 1187 MLWH (≥ 18 years) in care in Croatia from 2018 to 2021 and used Poisson regression to calculate rates. We observed a 91.4% increase in incidence between 2019 and 2020; the overall rate was 6.0/100 person-years, and the annual rate ranged from 3.3/100 person-years in 2018 to 9.3/100 person-years in 2021. We found higher rates in men who have sex with men, MLWH with a baseline history of syphilis, MLWH with a more recent HIV diagnosis, and a lower rate in those who had clinical AIDS. The rate of syphilis serological testing was 3.5% lower in 2020 compared to 2019. Recurrent syphilis was more likely asymptomatic compared to the first episodes. In conclusion, during the COVID-19 epidemic years, there was a huge increase in syphilis. Results highlight the need for enhanced and novel prevention interventions.