bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An optimizing technique for using MATLAB HDL coder
Authors: Kayed Somaya , Elsayed Ghada
Published: June 2023

Background

MathWorks has provided an invaluable tool for designing and implementing FPGAs. MATLAB HDL coder serves a dual purpose, providing a quick proof of concept on the one hand and providing the g an easy-to-use platform for testing and verification on the other. It has main drawbacks over these advantages; it generates a code that is not optimized for both area and frequency.

Results

In this paper, we provide a technique for optimizing both area and frequency without losing the main advantages. The most affecting problem we found is loops. This paper classifies loop writing purposes into two types. The first one is preferable and introduces ease of writing a few lines instead of repeating the code. The second type is the problem that we intended to solve. Type II loop is appearing when the algorithm should perform these lines for several clock cycles. Writing it traditionally, force the synthesizer to implement all the repetitive clock cycles as repetitive hardware to be done in one clock cycle. This clock cycle is wide in time and is slow in frequency. This paper introduces an optimization technique for this problem. We compare before and after the implementation of our proposed technique.

Conclusions

We used Xilinx Spartan 6 XC6SLX4-2CPG196 FPGA. Our proposed technique improves the number of slice LUTs (Look Up Tables) requirement from 366 to 72%. The frequency improved from: 26.574 to 185.355 MHz. Based on that, we now recommend using MATLAB HDL coder in FPGA Design.
Validating field regeneration capacity for selected accessions of Gossypium hirsutum using callus induction and regeneration capacity
Authors: TAJO Sani Muhammad , PAN Zhaoe , HE Shoupu , JIA Yinhua , MAHMOOD Tahir , NAZIR Mian Fasil , HU Daowu , WANG Liru , SADAU Salisu Bello , IBRAHIM Sani , AUTA Umar , GENG Xiaoli , DU Xiongming
Published: June 2023

Background

Gossypium hirsutum undergoes rapid clonal propagation to regenerate a mature plant through tissue culture. However, the correlation between cotton leaf regeneration, callus induction, and regeneration ability was still obscure. In this research, cotton leaf regeneration level for 21 accessions in the field (new leaves) was observed after the first harvest, and a comparison between field regeneration level and callus induction with its regeneration capacity (new shoots and roots) for the same 21 accessions was carried out. Agronomic traits, including plant height, leaf area, fresh leaf weight, dry leaf weight, the number of flowers and bolls, and biochemical (proline content) and physiological (chlorophyll and carotenoid content) traits during the flowering stage of 21 upland cotton accessions, were investigated.

Result

A significant correlation between physiological parameters and callus induction was discovered. Callus induction and regeneration capacity of roots and shoots for hypocotyl, cotyledons, and shoot tip tissues were used to validate field leaf regeneration level after the first harvest. CCRI 24 showed significant leaf regeneration in the field and callus induction capacity through callus induction and regeneration.

Conclusion

We found a substantial relationship between field regeneration capability and callus induction with its regeneration capacity for the hypocotyl, cotyledons, and shoot tip. The results showed that ZS061, Lumian 378, Jimian 863, and ZS065 have the highest moisture retention capacity, while CCRI 24, Liaoyang Duomaomian, and Beizhe Gongshemian have the lowest moisture retention capacity. CCRI 24 has the highest leaf regeneration capacity in the field, while Beizhe Gongshemian has the lowest leaf regeneration capacity. All our result provides a clue for checking the regeneration capacity through leaf regeneration level in the field.
Mutational spectrum of the AP3B1 gene in an Iraqi family affected with Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome type 2
Authors: Neissi Mostafa , Al-Badran Adnan Issa
Published: June 2023

Background

Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome type 2 (HPS2) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disease present with partial oculocutaneous albinism, nystagmus, prolonged bleeding time, and immunodeficiency.

Case presentation

We aimed at identifying a genetic mutation in an Iraqi family affected by HPS type 2. Here, we applied whole-exome sequencing to identify mutations in the proband. Moreover, we applied Sanger sequencing to confirm the candidate variant. We found a homozygous novel single nucleotide substitution (c.892A > T) in the exon 8 of the AP3B1 gene in the proband.

Conclusion

This study is the first Iraqi case report of a diagnosis of HPS type 2 caused by AP3B1 mutation. Our data expand the spectrum of mutations in AP3B1 gene in HPS type 2 and highlight the importance of molecular prenatal evaluation and relevant genetic counseling.
Evaluation of diastolic dysfunction in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and its relationship with development of myocardial fibrosis
Authors: Deraz Salem Elsayed , Esmat Omar Deyaa , El-Hmid Rehab Galal Abd , Amin Sayed Ali
Published: June 2023

Background

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may develop symptoms of shortness of breathing due to diastolic dysfunction which is not related to the severity of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. As these patients usually develop a non-ischemic pattern of myocardial fibrosis, this may represent a mechanism for increased myocardial stiffness leading to impaired diastolic filling. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of myocardial fibrosis assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and to evaluate its relationship with echocardiographic parameters including left ventricle diastolic dysfunction and to find echocardiographic indices which correlates with myocardial fibrosis as detected by cardiac magnetic resonance. A cross-sectional study was done for data of 50 children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from July 2018 to July 2021, patients were divided into (group 1) having myocardial fibrosis and (group 2) with no myocardial fibrosis, and results of echocardiographic parameters were compared between the two groups.

Results

Results showed strong relationship between presence of myocardial fibrosis and each of the following: Interventricular septum thickness, lower lateral and septal early diastolic tissue velocities (E′), E/E′ ratio, presence of left ventricular out flow tract obstruction and the grade of diastolic dysfunction.

Conclusions

The trans-mitral lateral and septal E/E′ (early mitral inflow to early diastolic mitral annular velocity ratio) allows early detection of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The prevalence of diastolic dysfunction is higher in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The diastolic dysfunction severity is higher in patients with myocardial fibrosis.
Has the Information Channel of Monetary Policy Disappeared? Revisiting the Empirical Evidence
Authors: Hoesch Lukas , Rossi Barbara , Sekhposyan Tatevik
Published: June 2023

Does the Federal Reserve have an “information advantage” in forecasting macroeconomic variables beyond what is known to private sector forecasters? And are market participants reacting only to monetary policy shocks or also to information on the future state of the economy that the Federal Reserve communicates in its announcements via an “information channel”? This paper investigates the evolution of both the information advantage and the information channel over time. Although they appear to be important historically, we find substantially weaker empirical evidence of their presence in recent years once instabilities are accounted for. (JEL C53, E32, E37, E47, E52, E58)
Measuring the Cost of Living in Mexico and the United States
Authors: Argente David , Hsieh Chang-Tai , Lee Munseob
Published: June 2023

We use a dataset with prices and spending on consumer packaged goods matched at the bar code level across the United States and Mexico to measure the price index in Mexico relative to the United States. Mexican prices relative to the United States are 23 percent lower compared to the International Comparisons Project’s (ICP) price index. We decompose the 23 percent gap into the biases from imputation, sampling, quality, and variety. Quality bias increases Mexican prices by 48 percent. Imputation, sampling, and variety bias lowers Mexican prices by 11 percent, 13 percent, and 33 percent, respectively. (JEL C43, E31, I31, O11, O12)
Cultural institutions in Poland: the nature of their organisation and financing
Authors: Gałecka Małgorzata , Smolny Katarzyna
Published: June 2023

Motivation: Previous research regarding the external conditions of public cultural institutions inspired us to analyse the internal conditions of individual institutions.Aim: The purpose of the current study is to answer the question of whether and how the internal regulations pertaining to theatres based on financial, organisational, and creative autonomy affect the financial and substantive performance of public cultural institutions. In order to achieve the aim of the study and answer the research question, we analysed cultural institutions in terms of their system. Additionally, the financial and substantive situation of the studied theatres was analysed.Results: The lack of clear process and entity requirements affects the dependence of the performance of public cultural institutions on individual, internal organisational arrangements, suggesting the need to unify these processes through a reform of these institutions. Attention should be paid to the transparency of public spending, organizational culture and effectiveness of public cultural institutions. In the current legal status, the conducted showed a large discrepancy in the results of the theatres studied.
Motivation to work remotely in the face of organizational and cost conditions
Authors: Ziomek Agnieszka
Published: June 2023

Motivation: Working conditions have changed significantly as remote working has become widespread in many countries. These changes were caused by a pandemic, as a result of which the possibility of direct communication as well as control and integration of employees was limited. There are also new cost categories for employees and employers, such as installing a better internet connection, purchasing new hardware and software, and implementing better security for data transmission outside the company’s premises. These changes resulted in changes in the employee motivation factors against the background of organizational and cost conditions, which is important for the proper development of the organization.Aim: The aim of the article is to assess motivation to work remotely, based on a survey of opinions among 450 employees in total in Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary. The assessment was performed by verifying, using the logistic regression method, ten hypotheses describing organizational and cost conditions as well as individual effects, such as career opportunities, increase in knowledge and skills, and the occurrence of stress that arose as a result of working remotely. The motivation to work remotely was verified by establishing the willingness to continue working through an opinion.Results: Motivation in remote work is influenced by both efficient communication and technical assistance provided to the employee remotely. Motivation resulting from the independent organization of working time is also important, and it is based on the decision to choose the duration of work, hours and intensity of its performance. Organizational and cost-related factors are related to motivation, as well as individual effects experienced by the employee. Directly from the survey, it appears that only 26.8% of the respondents incurred higher costs related to remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the respondents want to continue it with their current earnings. The study found that employees are motivated to work remotely because the organizational conditions and earnings meet their needs. They also admitted that thanks to remote work, they have a better chance of developing a professional career, as well as a higher level of their knowledge and skills, which is also associated with the motivation to continue working remotely.
Podstawa programowa jako szansa wspierania profilaktyki zachowań ryzykownych uczniów szkoły podstawowej w świetle koncepcji resilience
Authors: Sielicka Edyta
Published: June 2023

Skuteczność profilaktyki uzależnień, kierowanej do dzieci i młodzieży, wydaje się obecnie budzić wiele emocji i prowokować do weryfikowania jej teoretycznych źródeł. Rezygnacja z profilaktyki defensywnej na rzecz profilaktyki pozytywnej wydaje się być w edukacji procesem już dokonanym, jednak niewystarczającym. Interesującym podejściem do procesu przeciwdziałania uzależnieniom dzieci i młodzieży jest koncepcja resilience. Zakłada ona indywidualną i swoistą odporność osoby, która wpływa na jej pozytywną adaptację lub trwanie w sytuacjach przeciwności i trudności, które uznane są za ryzykowane dla jej właściwego funkcjonowania. Jednocześnie niska wiedza dzieci i młodzieży na temat uzależnień, wzrost zagrożeń wynikających z zażywania przez młodych ludzi substancji i podejmowania działań uzależniających przekonują, że to właśnie szkoła powinna być jednym z pierwszych ogniw systemowych rozwiązań w zakresie wsparcia i profilaktyki. Mając to na uwadze, autorka dokonała analizy podstawy programowej kształcenia ogólnego dla uczniów klasy IV–VII szkoły podstawowej pod kątem weryfikacji celów i treści kształcenia w niej zawartych w odniesieniu do przyjętych wskaźników budowania postawy resilience u uczniów. Uzyskane wyniki obrazują brak spójności i powiązań pomiędzy poszczególnymi celami i treściami kształcenia, co wskazuje na niski potencjał szkoły w świadomym projektowaniu treści edukacyjnych wzmacniających indywidualne zasoby odpornościowe uczniów.
Oddziaływania terapeutyczne wobec osób z uzależnieniem w jednostkach penitencjarnych
Authors: Piasecka Małgorzata , Podolak Emil
Published: June 2023

Zjawisko uzależnienia od substancji psychoaktywnych, w tym tzw. dopalaczy, występuje wśród osób pozbawionych wolności. Brak oddziaływań terapeutycznych lub nieadekwatne oddziaływania skierowane do osób z uzależnieniem mogą stanowić czynniki ryzyka recydywy penitencjarnej. Dlatego ważne jest, aby działania prowadzone w tym zakresie opierały się na metodach udokumentowanych jako skuteczne. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja wyników badań prowadzonych na podstawie analizy danych zastanych dotyczących programów terapeutycznych wdrażanych na oddziałach w jednostkach penitencjarnych i skierowanych do osób z uzależnieniem od substancji psychoaktywnych innych niż alkohol, w tym od nowych substancji psychoaktywnych. Wyniki badań koncentrują się na identyfikacji poszczególnych elementów programów wynikających z przyjętej ich struktury oraz poziomu uwzględnienia oddziaływań udokumentowanych jako skutecznie w terapii uzależnień. Wnioski i zalecenia wypływające z przeprowadzonych badań źródeł wtórnych pozwalają na wyprowadzenie rekomendacji dla doskonalenia praktyki penitencjarnej.
Internet Gaming Disorder wśród polskiej młodzieży – analiza profili latentnych symptomów zaburzenia
Authors: Kotyśko Martyna
Published: June 2023

Granie w gry jest aktywnością chętnie podejmowaną przez młodzież, jednak może się wiązać z ryzykiem wystąpienia zaburzenia korzystania z gier internetowych (ang. Internet Gaming Disorder – IGD). Celem badania było ustalenie, jakie profile można wyodrębnić wśród nastolatków z dwóch polskich województw na podstawie występowania dziewięciu symptomów IGD. W badaniu wzięło udział 623 uczniów (57,9% chłopców) ze szkół podstawowych (klasy V–VII) i gimnazjum (klasy II i III), którzy zadeklarowali granie w gry wideo. Do pomiaru IGD wykorzystano The Internet Gaming Disorder Scale 9 – Short Form (IGDS9-SF), a pozostałe zmienne uwzględnione w badaniu pozyskano za pomocą własnej ankiety. Przeprowadzona analiza profili latentnych wszystkich symptomów IGD pozwoliła na wyodrębnienie czterech profili określonych jako: Bezproblemowi gracze, Doświadczający objawów odstawienia i uciekający, Doświadczający negatywnych konsekwencji i uciekający oraz Zaabsorbowani i uciekający. Ucieczka od negatywnych emocji była symptomem, który ujawniał się w każdej grupie. Istotne różnice między profilami odnotowano dla kontroli czasu grania przez rodziców oraz płci, natomiast nie ze względu na fazę rozwoju. Czas poświęcany na granie różnicował przede wszystkim profil bezproblemowych graczy od pozostałych grup. Dalsza analiza występowania symptomów IGD wśród młodych graczy jest niezbędna do zrozumienia specyfiki tego zjawiska we wspomnianej grupie.
Poczucie samotności i obniżony poziom samooceny w kontekście ryzyka uzależnienia od internetu wśród słyszących i niesłyszących adolescentów
Authors: Michalczyk Anna
Published: June 2023

Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w dwóch grupach adolescentów w wieku 15–18 lat, zmierzających do oceny ryzykownych zachowań prezentowanych w trakcie korzystania z internetu. Celem przeprowadzonych badań była ocena korelacji pomiędzy poczuciem osamotnienia wśród słyszących adolescentów i adolescentów z wadą słuchu a ryzykownym korzystaniem z internetu, które zwiększa ryzyko uzależnienia od tego medium. Do zgromadzenia danych posłużyły trzy narzędzia: Kwestionariusz Nastawień Intrapersonalnych, Interpersonalnych i Nastawień wobec Świata, autorstwa Bartłomieja Gołka i Ewy Wysockiej (2011), Skala Poczucia Samotności, autorstwa Jenny de Jong Gierveld i Theo van Tilburga (2006, polska adaptacja: Grygiel i in. 2012) oraz Kwestionariusz Problematycznego Używania Internetu (PUI), autorstwa Kimberly Young (1996, polska adaptacja: Poprawa 2012). Uzyskane wyniki jednoznacznie wskazały na fakt istnienia korelacji pomiędzy podwyższonym poziomem poczucia samotności, niższym poziomem samooceny a tendencją do ryzykownych zachowań w sieci wśród adolescentów z wadą słuchu.
Biblijne obrazy o grzechu, pokucie i pojednaniu w przepowiadaniu papieża Benedykta XVI
Authors: Pałęcki Waldemar Jan
Published: June 2023

Papież Benedykt XVI podczas swego pontyfikatu, trwającego od 19 kwietnia 2005 r. do 28 lutego 2013 r., wygłosił wiele homilii, przemówień, aby nie tylko pouczyć wiernych, ale również ukazać piękno i głębię wiary chrześcijańskiej. Ważnym miejscem w tym nauczaniu był obraz biblijny, który ukazuje wielkość Bożego Miłosierdzia, słabość grzechu, a także konieczność zadośćuczynienia, pojednania i nawrócenia. Omawiając zagadnienie istnienia grzechu papież powoływał się na klasyczny obraz grzechu pierwszych rodziców w Raju oraz związek, według tradycji, pomiędzy drzewem z Raju a krzyżem Chrystusa. Przywołane przez niego obrazy biblijne dotyczyły konieczności uznania grzechu i pojednania z Bogiem (Dawid po grzechu z Batszebą, jawnogrzesznica, którą przyprowadzono do stóp Jezusa, grzeszna niewiasta, która w domu faryzeusza obmyła stopy Jezusa, Piotr, któremu Jezus umył nogi). W ten sposób paschalny dar Jezusa odpuszczenia grzechów ma prowadzić do nawrócenia, jak św. Pawła. W przywoływaniu tych obrazów papieżowi nie chodziło jedynie o ilustrację biblijną w jego przepowiadaniu, ale o przedstawienie istoty tych zagadnień w teologii.
Wpływ synodów w pierwszych pięciu wiekach chrześcijaństwa na obrzędy Eucharystii
Authors: Mieczkowski Janusz
Published: June 2023

Choć synody, które odbywały się między II a V wiekiem zwoływane były głównie z powodów dyscyplinarnych i dogmatycznych, to zajmowały się one także sprawami liturgii eucharystycznej. Celem podejmowanych decyzji było przeciwdziałanie pojawiającym się nadużyciom oraz dążenie pewnej do jedności obrzędów liturgicznych w obrębie jednej prowincji. Decyzje synodów dotyczyły takich spraw, jak: treść modlitw, ujednolicenie pewnych obrzędów, miejsce sprawowania Eucharystii, kanon ksiąg Pisma Świętego w Liturgii słowa, obrzędy Komunii św., czy kompetencje oraz strój liturgiczny biskupa, prezbitera, diakona i innych posługujących w liturgii.
Adaptations in the Polish Rites of the Sacrament of Marriage
Authors: Kołodziej Marcin
Published: June 2023

One of the issues raised by the Second Vatican Council was the need to revise the liturgical books that had been used until that time. The ritual of the sacrament of marriage was the first to undergo this process. The editio typica was prepared, and, following the promulgation of the Code of Canon Law in 1983, the Holy See published the second model edition of the ritual in question. The Polish version of the rites of the sacrament of marriage was developed on the basis of the Latin book, using historical sets of liturgical books from the nation. By virtue of the authority granted by the legislator, the Polish Episcopal Conference incorporated liturgical adaptations relevant to Poland into the ritual. With adherence to the indications included in the editio typica, the formularies and ceremonies established domestically were taken into consideration.
Business Value of Information Technology Capabilities: An Institutional Governance Perspective
Authors: Pye Jessica , Rai Arun , Dong John Qi
Published: June 2023

Situated in the U.S. electric utility industry in a period of significant market restructuring, our study investigates how market valuations of a firm’s investments to develop intrafirm and interfirm information technology (IT) capabilities are conditional on regulatory context. We find that firms are rewarded by investing in intrafirm IT capabilities in a more deregulated context, and by investing in interfirm IT capabilities in a more uncertain regulatory context. When deregulation expands customer choice, intrafirm IT capabilities create value by enabling greater efficiency and service reliability through coordination of a firm’s internal activities. When regulatory uncertainty increases for key aspects such as price control, value chain configuration, and information control, interfirm IT capabilities create value by enabling greater flexibility through reduction of external transaction costs with customers and suppliers. When allocating resources to develop IT capabilities, executives need to consider that market valuation of IT capabilities development is not static, but dynamic with changes in market structure and regulatory uncertainty. Regulators also need to consider that the regulatory context that they shape through their deliberations and decisions has a substantial impact on the market valuation of investments by firms to develop different types of IT capabilities.
Nonmonetary Reward Systems, Counterproductive Behavior, and Responses to Sanctions in Open Collaboration Environments
Authors: Chambers Cassandra R.
Published: June 2023

Nonmonetary reward systems that recognize high-quality contributions are a common feature of online communities. A growing body of work demonstrates positive links between nonmonetary rewards and increases in voluntary contributions, but negative externalities that may arise with these systems have received little attention. Concomitant performance pressures could incite counterproductive behaviors, and whether counterproductive behavior would be at the expense of productive contributions is unclear. Using proprietary data of members’ suspensions for counterproductive behavior in the online community, Stack Overflow, which enlists a nonmonetary reward system to sustain voluntary contributions, this study examines site members’ weekly movements through the system and their corresponding behaviors. I find being near a milestone reward threshold is associated with an increased likelihood of suspension for counterproductive behavior. However, members also increase productive contributions near the time of their suspensions, which may help offset their counterproductive behaviors. By contrast, formal suspensions for counterproductive behavior are associated with a reduction in post-suspension contributions. Jointly, these findings support the use of nonmonetary rewards systems to sustain voluntary contributions in online communities but offer a note of caution regarding the unintended consequences of enforcement.

Funding: The author thanks the Stephen M. Ross School of Business for financial and institutional support.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2020.14548 .
Lying on a CV: the consequences for all
Authors: Stevens Mark , Bernstein Adam
Published: June 2023

Mark Stevens and Adam Bernstein discuss the importance of being honest on a CV and the implications for employees and employer.
Skeletal discrepancies. Part 1: assessment, aetiology, and management of low angle cases
Authors: Jopson Jenifer L , Haworth Jennifer A , Fowler Peter , Ireland Anthony J
Published: June 2023

This is the first article in a three-part series considering skeletal discrepancies in the vertical and transverse dimensions. Discrepancies in the vertical dimension are a relatively common finding, presenting challenges for the orthodontist, in terms of treatment planning, management and relapse.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article aims to increase awareness of the assessment, aetiology and management of patients presenting with a reduced Frankfort/maxillary mandibular planes angle and reduced anterior lower face height commonly described as ‘low angle’.
Metodologías de participación ciudadana con niños, niñas y adolescentes
Authors: Pardo-Beneyto Gonzalo , Abellán López María Ángeles
Published: June 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN. Con el surgimiento de los presupuestos participativos como los de Porto Alegre, las instituciones públicas han implementado dinámicas similares a distintas temáticas y públicos. Entre estos colectivos, se encuentran los niños, niñas y adolescentes. OBJETIVO. Analizar una serie de experiencias participativas implementadas en municipios españoles implementadas en un arco temporal diverso (2015-2021). MÉTODO. Para la obtención de datos se diseñó un cuestionario con preguntas abiertas que UNICEF España distribuyó entre los participantes e interesados en la iniciativa Ciudades Amigas de la Infancia durante julio-septiembre de 2021. Al final se obtuvieron un total de 35 respuestas válidas que fueron tratadas a través del programa CAQDAS MAXQDA 2022 y así utilizar una metodología mixta de investigación. En concreto, este estudio se ha centrado en las siguientes variables: ediciones, objetivos, estrategia, fases y participantes para su caracterización. RESULTADOS. Entre los hallazgos destacan la proliferación de experiencias con múltiples participaciones y el desarrollo medio de las experiencias participativas. Además, hay que mencionar que existe un sesgo hacia los instrumentos que fomentan exclusivamente la participación por encima de otros valores como la educación, laformación o el empoderamiento. DISCUSIÓN. Este hecho también se manifiesta en la importancia que le otorgan los informantes al papel de los técnicos y de los políticos en el proceso. Los resultados de este trabajo de investigación pueden ser útiles para aportar otro tipo de evidencias, más allá de las que ya están disponibles en este campo de estudio y pueden generar comprensión en el fenómeno de los presupuestos participativos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes.
La participación de la infancia y la adolescencia en la municipalidad. Discursos y estrategias políticas en Andalucía, Catalunya y Galicia
Authors: Sabariego Puig Marta , Pose Porto Héctor , Sánchez Lissen Encarnación , Buxarrais Estrada Maria Rosa
Published: June 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN. Tras la agenda política para el fomento de la participación de la infancia en la municipalidad subyacen los discursos políticos y las experiencias socioeducativas desarrolladas para la proyección de la ciudadanía de la infancia y la adolescencia (NNyA) en el territorio. Más allá de los marcos referenciales desde donde el Gobierno local configura este ejercicio, se considera clave su rol como agencia educativa para formar a la ciudadanía en la participación y afianzar un modelo de gobernanza y de servicio de calidad democrática en cada territorio. Nuestro objetivo es identificar los discursos políticos en materia de participación y ciudadanía de NNyA en nueve municipios de las comunidades autónomas de Andalucía, Catalunya y Galicia, y las estrategias desarrolladas en este ámbito desde las diferentes áreas de la Administración. MÉTODO. La investigación responde a un enfoque cualitativo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a 30 cargos electos municipales (CE) y figuras técnicas (FT) responsables de la participación social de NNyA en los contextos analizados. RESULTADOS. Los hallazgos describen la contextualización de los municipios referente a la proyección de la ciudadanía de la infancia y su evolución hasta el momento actual. También revelan el valor que se le da a la participación de NNyA y cómo se visualiza en el marco de las políticas de participación, sin olvidar los marcos referenciales desde donde el Gobierno local configura la ciudadanía de la infancia en los territorios analizados. DISCUSIÓN. Destacan los aportes de la investigación para avanzar en un ecosistema participativo de NNyA en la municipalidad que posibilite cristalizar la representación de estos colectivos como ciudadanía capaz y comprometida con su entorno.
Oral cancer survival and marital status: observations from an Australian population
Authors: Wang Weilan , Ramamurthy Poornima , Sharma Dileep , Choi Siu-Wai , Thomson Peter
Published: June 2023

Oral cavity cancer is a lethal and deforming disease of rising global significance. We have previously highlighted limitations in contemporary awareness regarding sociodemographic influence on the prognosis and management of patients in Australia. Patients’ marital status has been proposed as an independent prognostic factor for various cancers but few data exist in relation to oral cancer outcomes. This study, a retrospective analysis of 21,858 Queensland oral cancer patients diagnosed over a 31-year period, confirmed a protective effect for marriage on survival, after adjustment for age and tumour characterisation. The benefits of marriage, however, were significantly greater for men than women, implying an important differential effect. Clinicians should be cognisant of the psychosocial influences on patient outcome following cancer treatment, and should consider the use of all available social support mechanisms to optimise patient survival and quality of life.
Phaselis Teritoryumundaki Ekizce Ares Kutsal Alanı na Dair Ön Değerlendirmeler
Authors: AKÇAY Aykan
Published: June 2023

Makalede Phaselis ve Teritoryumu Yüzey Araştırmaları kapsamında Ekizce’de tespit edilen Ares Kutsal Alanı tanıtılmaktadır. Ekizce Ares Kutsal Alanı’nda 2017-2021 yılları arasında yürütülen disiplinlerarası yüzey araştırmaları sonucunda onlarca yazıtlı adak steli, pişmiş toprak kaplara ait seramik fragmanları, kült amaçlı kullanılmış hayvan figürinlerine ait terrakota parçaları, aşık kemikleri, metal buluntular ile farklı dönem ve kentlere ait sikkeler tespit edilmiştir. Kesintisiz olarak yürütülen beş yıllık çalışmaların sonucunda elde edilen veriler bir bütünlük içerisinde çalışmada ele alınmakta ve kült merkezine yönelik tespit edilen arkeo¬lojik kalıntı ve epigrafik belgeler disiplinlerarası bakış açısıyla ilk kez birarada değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışmada alanda bulunan adak yazıtlarının tespiti sırasında karşılaşılan zorluklar ve belgelenen çoğu yazıtın aşınmış durumda olması sebebiyle transliterasyon ve transkripsiyon yapılama¬masına ilişkin kısıtlamaları aşmak için yürütü¬len sayısal görüntüleme çalışmalarına da değinilmiştir (RTI & SfM). Çalışmada kutsal alanda tespit edilen epigrafik belgeler ve arkeolojik materyal kültür kalıntıları özelinde alana dair değerlendirmeler yapılmaktadır.
Set of mathematical models for Bessel-Gauss beams coupling into the parabolic-index fiber under the influence of atmospheric turbulence and random jitter
Authors: Shang Shunyuan , Li Xinyu , Deng Wei , Wang Youran , Han Yiming , Su Hang , Yang Huajun , Jiang Ping
Published: June 2023

The expression of efficiency for Bessel-Gauss (BG) beams coupling into the parabolic fibers (PF) after passing through the Cassegrain antenna system is first derived. The effects of atmospheric turbulence and random jitter of the coupling lens on the efficiency are also taken into account to improve the practical applicability of our model. This article use a BG beam with a wavelength of 1550 mm and fiber with a core radius R
F
of 50 μm and a relative refractive index difference ζ of 0.01 for simulation testing. The optimal parameters of the antenna system are determined: the radius of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is 8.33 cm and 1.25 cm, respectively. The coupling efficiency of BG beams of different orders reaches above 94% simultaneously when the lens’s focal length is 7.8 cm. After taking into account the transmission efficiency of the antenna system, the system’s total efficiency for BG beams of different orders averages 76.33%, when the transmission distance is 1 km. The results show that the same degree of turbulence and random jitter have different influences on the coupling efficiency of BG beams of different orders, and lower-order BG beams have better resistance to turbulence and jitter during propagation and coupling. Moreover, the effect of the guided mode field on the coupling efficiency and the resistance to turbulence varies for different values of mode radial index in the fiber p. The guided mode with p = 0 not only enables the BG beams of different orders to achieve the highest transmission efficiency in the coupling system almost simultaneously but also the random jitter and turbulence have less influence on the coupling efficiency of this mode. It means that the BG beams can have higher efficiency when coupled to the mode with p = 0 after long-distance transmission. This property of the fiber mode at p = 0 provides conditions for the simultaneous propagation of multiple BG beams in a parabolic fiber, which provides a theoretical basis for higher transmission capacity. This research work provides a theoretical model for the theoretical study of vortex beams and optical communication, which is beneficial for the design and application of vortex beams and has instructive meaning for practical engineering design.
Mitigation of transverse mode instability by heat-load modulation
Authors: Kholaif Sobhy , Jauregui Cesar , Limpert Jens
Published: June 2023

We present the first experimental realization of a new mitigation strategy for TMI based on controlling the phase shift between the modal intensity pattern and the thermally induced refractive index grating. If specific modulation parameters are applied while pulsing the seed and/or pump radiation, the direction of energy transfer is forced from the higher-order modes into the fundamental mode. In this way, the fiber amplifier can operate at an average output power significantly higher than the TMI threshold with a diffraction-limited beam profile. A stable beam profile is observed at an average output power that is 83% higher than the TMI threshold of the free-running system, with an intra-burst average power that is 4.15 times higher than the TMI threshold.
Continuous roller transfer-printing and automated metrology of >75,000 micro-LED pixels in a single shot
Authors: Margariti Eleni , Quinn Gemma , Jevtics Dimitars , Guilhabert Benoit , Dawson Martin D. , Strain Michael J.
Published: June 2023

A continuous, single shot roller transfer printing process is presented for the large-scale hybrid integration of semiconductor devices. Transfer of a 320 × 240 pixel micro-LED array, representing >75,000 individual devices in a single shot with sub-micron relative position accuracy is demonstrated. The transfer printing process preserves the array geometry with pixel spatial location error less than 1 µm deviation from the as-designed layout. An automated sub-micron precision metrology system based on simple optical microscopy was developed to asses such large device populations and allow the assessment of yield.
Insight into neodymium clusters and spectroscopic properties in CaF2 single crystals
Authors: Liu Junyang , Wang Yangxiao , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Zhonghan , Jiang Dapeng , Tang Fei , Kou Huamin , Ma Fengkai , Su Liangbi
Published: June 2023

In this work, the relationship between local structures and the photoluminescence parameters of neodymium activated fluorite crystals has been preliminary investigated in CaF2 crystals. The first principles calculation results reveal that as the size of codoped rare earth ions become smaller, the corresponding stable clusters twists progressively from cubic sublattice to square antiprism. The regulated spectral line properties and the concentration dependent photoluminescence parameters, including the absorption, emission and decays, agree well with the calculated results. In detail, the cubic stable clusters of Nd3+,La3+:CaF2 and Nd3+,Gd3+:CaF2 crystals possess similar spectral characteristics, while the other category of Nd3+,Y3+:CaF2 and Nd3+,Lu3+:CaF2 resembles both in the square antiprism cluster structures and spectra. Besides, a crystal with ultra long lifetime near 600 µs, wide emission bandwidth and high thermal conductivity has been obtained, which is promising for generation of the LD-pumped ultrafast lasers. By connecting the enriched spectral properties with local structures, it is highly expected to design new laser materials through regulating the local structures of active ions in rare earth doped fluorite crystals.
Partial sequence identity in a 25-nucleotide long element is sufficient for transcriptional adaptation in the Caenorhabditis elegans act-5/act-3 model
Authors: Welker Jordan M. , Serobyan Vahan , Zaker Esfahani Elhamalsadat , Stainier Didier Y. R.
Published: June 2023

Genetic robustness can be achieved via several mechanisms including transcriptional adaptation (TA), a sequence similarity-driven process whereby mutant mRNA degradation products modulate, directly or indirectly, the expression of so-called adapting genes. To identify the sequences required for this process, we utilized a transgenic approach in Caenorhabditis elegans, combining an overexpression construct for a mutant gene (act-5) and a fluorescent reporter for the corresponding adapting gene (act-3). Analyzing a series of modifications for each construct, we identified, in the 5’ regulatory region of the act-3 locus, a 25-base pair (bp) element which exhibits 60% identity with a sequence in the act-5 mRNA and which, in the context of a minimal promoter, is sufficient to induce ectopic expression of the fluorescent reporter. The 25 nucleotide (nt) element in the act-5 mRNA lies between the premature termination codon (PTC) and the next exon/exon junction, suggesting the importance of this region of the mutant mRNA for TA. Additionally, we found that single-stranded RNA injections of this 25 nt element from act-5 into the intestine of wild-type larvae led to higher levels of adapting gene (act-3) mRNA. Different models have been proposed to underlie the modulation of gene expression during TA including chromatin remodeling, the inhibition of antisense RNAs, the release of transcriptional pausing, and the suppression of premature transcription termination, and our data clearly show the importance of the regulatory region of the adapting gene in this particular act-5/act-3 TA model. Our findings also suggest that RNA fragments can modulate the expression of loci exhibiting limited sequence similarity, possibly a critical observation when designing RNA based therapies.
G3’MTMD3 in the insect GABA receptor subunit, RDL, confers resistance to broflanilide and fluralaner
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Huang Qiutang , Sheng Chengwang , Liu Genyan , Zhang Kexin , Jia Zhongqiang , Tang Tao , Mao Xin , Jones Andrew K. , Han Zhaojun , Zhao Chunqing
Published: June 2023

Meta-diamides (e.g. broflanilide) and isoxazolines (e.g. fluralaner) are novel insecticides that target the resistant to dieldrin (RDL) subunit of insect γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABARs). In this study, we usedin silicoanalysis to identify residues that are critical for the interaction between RDL and these insecticides. Substitution of glycine at the third position (G3’) in the third transmembrane domain (TMD3) with methionine (G3’MTMD3), which is present in vertebrate GABARs, had the strongest effect on fluralaner binding. This was confirmed by expression of RDL from the rice stem borer,Chilo suppressalis(CsRDL) in oocytes of the African clawed frog,Xenopus laevis, where the G3’MTMD3mutation almost abolished the antagonistic action of fluralaner. Subsequently, G3’MTMD3was introduced into theRdlgene of the fruit fly,Drosophila melanogaster, using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Larvae of heterozygous lines bearing G3’MTMD3did not show significant resistance to avermectin, fipronil, broflanilide, and fluralaner. However, larvae homozygous for G3’MTMD3were highly resistant to broflanilide and fluralaner whilst still being sensitive to fipronil and avermectin. Also, homozygous lines showed severely impaired locomotivity and did not survive to the pupal stage, indicating a significant fitness cost associated with G3’MTMD3. Moreover, the M3’GTMD3mutation in the mouseMus musculusα1β2 GABAR increased sensitivity to fluralaner. Taken together, these results provide convincingin vitroandin vivoevidence for both broflanilide and fluralaner acting on the same amino acid site, as well as insights into potential mechanisms leading to target-site resistance to these insecticides. In addition, our findings could guide further modification of isoxazolines to achieve higher selectivity for the control of insect pests with minimal effects on mammals.
A human model of Buruli ulcer: The case for controlled human infection and considerations for selecting a Mycobacterium ulcerans challenge strain
Authors: Muhi Stephen , Osowicki Joshua , O’Brien Daniel , Johnson Paul D. R. , Pidot Sacha , Doerflinger Marcel , Marshall Julia L. , Pellegrini Marc , McCarthy James , Stinear Timothy P.
Published: June 2023

Critical knowledge gaps regarding infection withMycobacterium ulcerans, the cause of Buruli ulcer (BU), have impeded development of new therapeutic approaches and vaccines for prevention of this neglected tropical disease. Here, we review the current understanding of host–pathogen interactions and correlates of immune protection to explore the case for establishing a controlled human infection model ofM.ulceransinfection. We also summarise the overarching safety considerations and present a rationale for selecting a suitable challenge strain.
Sixteen years of innovation in youth mental healthcare: Outcomes for young people attending Australia’s headspace centre services
Authors: Rickwood Debra , McEachran Juliet , Saw Anna , Telford Nic , Trethowan Jason , McGorry Patrick
Published: June 2023

Australia’s headspace initiative is world-leading in nation-wide youth mental healthcare reform for young people aged 12 to 25 years, now with 16 years of implementation. This paper examines changes in the key outcomes of psychological distress, psychosocial functioning, and quality of life for young people accessing headspace centres across Australia for mental health problems. Routinely collected data from headspace clients commencing an episode of care within the data collection period, 1 April 2019 to 30 March 2020, and at 90-day follow-up were analysed. Participants came from the 108 fully-established headspace centres across Australia, and comprised 58,233 young people aged 12–25 years first accessing headspace centres for mental health problems during the data collection period. Main outcome measures were self-reported psychological distress and quality of life, and clinician-reported social and occupational functioning. Most headspace mental health clients presented with depression and anxiety issues (75.21%). There were 35.27% with a diagnosis: overall, 21.74% diagnosed with anxiety, 18.51% with depression, and 8.60% were sub-syndromal. Younger males were more likely to present for anger issues. Cognitive behavioural therapy was the most common treatment. There were significant improvements in all outcome scores over time (P<0.001). From presentation to last service rating, over one-third had significant improvements in psychological distress and a similar proportion in psychosocial functioning; just under half improved in self-reported quality of life. Significant improvement on any of the three outcomes was shown for 70.96% of headspace mental health clients. After 16 years of headspace implementation, positive outcomes are being achieved, particularly when multi-dimensional outcomes are considered. A suite of outcomes that capture meaningful change for young people’s quality of life, distress and functioning, is critical for early intervention, primary care settings with diverse client presentations, such as the headspace youth mental healthcare initiative.
Multidimensional poverty among persons with disabilities in Colombia: Inequalities in the distribution of deprivations at the municipality level
Authors: Pinilla-Roncancio Mónica , Cedeño-Ocampo Gustavo
Published: June 2023

According to the national population Census of Colombia, 4.1 per cent of the population lives with a disability. Although information is available on the number of persons with disabilities in the country, little information exists on their levels of multidimensional poverty and deprivation, especially at the province of local level. Aiming to contribute to the analysis of the levels of poverty of persons with disabilities living at the municipal/province level, this study computes and analyses the levels of multidimensional poverty in households with and without members with disabilities in the 1.101 municipalities of Colombia. Using the 2018 national population census, we computed the percentage of people living with disabilities in each of the municipalities of the country, then we computed their levels of poverty and deprivation and analysed the difference between households with and without members with disabilities. We also analysed the availability of teachers and schools providing services for children living with disabilities and deprivations in terms of school attendance. The results reveal that households with members with disabilities are poorer than households without members with disabilities, These households present higher deprivations according to most indicators, and the intensity of their poverty is higher. In addition, households with members with disabilities usually present higher levels of deprivation in school attendance and live in municipalities where there is no provision of inclusive schools. These results highlight the importance of implementing specific policies designed to reduce the levels of poverty of persons with disabilities and their families and to guarantee their access to basic opportunities and services.