bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Um mecanismo para recomendação de algoritmos de anonimização de dados baseado no perfil dos dados para ambientes IoT
Authors: Neves Flávio S. , Garcia Vinicius Cardoso , Bonfim Michel Sales
Published: January 2022

Apesar dos grandes desafios relacionados à privacidade dos dados, a Internet das Coisas (IoT) continua em franca ascensão. Existem inúmeros dispositivos espalhados por vários locais, tais como, casas inteligentes, carros inteligentes, locais públicos, bem como, dispositivos que as pessoas usam em seu corpo, por exemplo, smartwatches. Parte dessas pessoas usam esses dispositivos sem saber das suas reais capacidades e potencialidades. Assim sendo, o problema que permeia esta pesquisa é: não foi identificado na literatura uma solução para privacidade de dados baseada em anonimização que seja adaptável para vários ambientes de uso da IoT. Diante disto, objetivou-se com esta pesquisa a proposição de uma solução que possa recomendar qual o algoritmo de anonimização de dados é mais adequado para um conjunto de dados de acordo com suas características, e que consiga aprender conforme analisa os dados. Para a condução e a execução desta pesquisa foi escolhido como método principal o Design Science Research (DSR) que é uma abordagem que tem duplo objetivo: (i) desenvolver um artefato para resolver um problema prático num contexto específico e (ii) gerar novos conhecimentos técnicos e científicos. As principais contribuições desta pesquisa serão: (i) a solução proposta; (ii) criação dos critérios para escolha de algoritmos de anonimização baseado nas características dos dados; (iii) uma ontologia para dar suporte a recomendação baseada na lógica de descrição; (iv) modelo de aprendizagem para atualizar a base de conhecimento da ontologia à medida que analisa novos dados; e (v) o método para a avaliação da solução proposta. Os resultados da Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) podem ser considerados contribuições para a comunidade científica, pois nela são apresentadas as principais técnicas de anonimização usadas atualmente para fornecer privacidade em IoT, bem como os pontos positivos e negativos de cada uma.
Challenge Based Startup Learning: A Framework to Teach Software Startup
Authors: Chanin Rafael , Sales Afonso , Pompermaier Leandro , Prikladnicki Rafael
Published: January 2022

This paper introduces the Challenge Based Startup Learning, a framework that combines the Challenge Based Learning methodology with Lean Startup and Customer Development concepts, supported by software development techniques. We have applied and evaluated the framework in an undergraduate digital entrepreneurship course. Our preliminary results indicate that students not only understood what it takes to run a real startup, but they also felt engaged and empowered by delivering a useful and meaningful software.
Aprimorando a Detecção de Ataques Automáticos através de Decomposição Espectral de Pacotes de Rede
Authors: Souza Lucas Airam C. de , Camilo Gustavo F. , Duarte Otto Carlos M. B.
Published: January 2022

A classiﬁcação de ﬂuxos para a identiﬁcação de ataques em redes de computadores por aprendizado de máquina utiliza características quantitativas que sintetizam as informações de pacotes pertencentes a um ﬂuxo. Entretanto, as características convencionais, como tamanho de pacote e número de bytes, geram redundâncias e não representam as correlações temporais entre os pacotes de um ﬂuxo. Ataques de rede automatizados geram padrões periódicos observáveis através da decomposição espectral, o que facilita a classiﬁcação. Este artigo propõe o FENED1, um método para extrair características de dados de rede considerando a ordem de chegada dos pacotes dentro de um mesmo ﬂuxo através da transformada rápida de Fourier para a classiﬁcação binária. O vetor de características proposto contém o módulo das componentes espectrais do ﬂuxo. Os resultados mostram que a proposta é melhor ou igual às propostas convencionais de extração de características que desconsideram a ordem de chegada dos pacotes em um ﬂuxo.
Destravando o Element Management System: Permitindo a Gerência Holística de Funções de Rede Virtualizadas
Authors: Fulber-Garcia Vinicius , Flauzino José , Duarte Jr. Elias P.
Published: January 2022

O gerenciamento eﬁciente de funções de rede virtualizadas é um desaﬁo importante para a adoção em larga escala da tecnologia Network Function Virtualization (NFV). O Element Management System (EMS) é um componente da arquitetura de referência NFV que atua no gerenciamento de instâncias de Virtualized Network Functions (VNF), executando operações requeridas pelo VNF Manager (VNFM) e Operation and Business Support Systems (OSS/BSS). Porém, atualmente, ou (i) o EMS é completamente ignorado, ou (ii) é usado de forma limitada, permitindo a execução de operações simples no contexto de uma única aplicação. Neste trabalho, uma arquitetura EMS abrangente e compatível com a arquitetura de referência NFV é proposta. Essa arquitetura permite ao EMS executar um gerenciamento holístico das instâncias de VNF, abstraindo protocolos e tecnologias de comunicação e provendo interoperabilidade entre as diferentes plataformas de execução de VNF, VNFM e OSS/BSS. Um protótipo da arquitetura foi implementado e avaliado pela sobrecarga imposta à execução de operações típicas do gerenciamento de funções de rede virtualizadas.
Estimando métricas de serviço através de In-band Network Telemetry
Authors: Almeida Leandro C. de , Verdi Fábio L. , Pasquini Rafael
Published: January 2022

Recentemente, novas abordagens de telemetria ﬁna na rede, através de In-band network telemetry em equipamentos programáveis, têm entregue novas e precisas informações sobre o estado da rede. Neste contexto, este trabalho apresenta indícios de que é possível utilizar métricas ﬁnas de telemetria de rede em plano de dados programável, em conjunto com métodos de aprendizado de máquina, para estimar métricas de qualidade de serviço. Um prova de conceito minimalista foi realizada e resultados preliminares indicam que, com o auxílio de algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina, é possível estimar métricas de um serviço de vídeo a partir de métricas ﬁnas relacionadas aos buffers dos switches.
IAMVT: Mecanismo de Seleção de Rotas Multicaminhos para Aplicações de Vídeo Monitoramento
Authors: Bhering Fabiano , Albuquerque Célio , Passos Diego , Obraczka Katia
Published: January 2022

Alguns dos principais desaﬁos para transmissão de vídeo em redes sem ﬁo estão relacionados com a largura de banda e altas taxas de transmissão. Estudos indicam que dividir os ﬂuxos do vídeo para transmiti-los por diferentes caminhos pode melhorar a qualidade do serviço (Quality of Service QoS) das aplicações. Porém, a seleção de rotas multicaminhos não é uma tarefa trivial, principalmente quando as aplicações necessitam de múltiplas fontes de vídeo transmitindo simultaneamente, pois é necessário encontrar um conjunto de caminhos com o mínimo de interferência entre os ﬂuxos para suportar os requisitos das aplicações. Assim, este trabalho apresenta o Interference Aware Multipath Video Transmission (IAMVT), um mecanismo de seleção de rotas multicaminhos baseado na metaheurística Iterated Local Search (ILS). O mecanismo busca maximizar o rendimento global da rede para transmissão de múltiplos ﬂuxos de vídeos provindos de diferentes fontes. Os resultados das simulações demonstram o potencial da utilização do IAMVT para aumentar a qualidade do vídeo, quando comparado com outros mecanismos da literatura.
Restauração dirigida por conexões de baixa prioridade e recursos de backup em cenários de desastres em EON
Authors: Silva Tatiana de O. , Costa Rodrigo A. , Oliveira Helder M. N. S. , Santi Juliana de , Figueiredo Gustavo B.
Published: January 2022

As Redes Ópticas Elásticas (Elastic Optical Networks EON) tem se mostrado uma solução para o futuro das redes de transporte óptico. No entanto, eventos de falhas podem causar a perda vigorosa de dados. Para isso esquemas de proteção e restauração tem sido desenvolvidos a ﬁm de minimizar tal prejuízo, a exemplo deste trabalho que propõe um esquema de sobrevivência com degradação de banda e atraso na restauração para conexões de baixa prioridade transmitidas no caminho de backup de conexões de alta prioridade. Comparações com a estratégia de proteção de caminho com backup dedicado demonstram superioridade em nosso algoritmo salientando que a política de degradação favorece redução da probabilidade de bloqueio.
An Overview of Brain Tumor
Authors: Pichaivel Manimekalai , Anbumani Gayathri , Theivendren Panneerselvam , Gopal Muruganantham
Published: January 2022

Brain tumor is an abnormal growth of mass of cells in (or) around the brain. Brain tumors can be malignant (cancerous) or being non-cancerous. It is the most common malignant primary intracranial tumors of central nervous system. Brain tumor can affect brain function if they grow large enough to press on surrounding nerves, blood vessels and tissues. Only one third of tumors formed in the brain are formed as cancerous cells. Brain tumors release molecular information to the circulation. Liquid biopsies collect and analyse tumor component in the body fluid and there is an increasing interest in investigation of liquid biopsies as substitute from tumor markers. Tumor-derived biomarkers include nucleic acids, proteins and tumor-derived extracellular vesicles that accumulate in blood (or) cerebrospinal fluid. Circulating biomarkers like O-6-methylguanine DNA methyl transferase, epidermal growth factor, isocitrate dehydrogenase, circulating tumor cells, circulating cell free micro RNAs, circulating extracellular vesicles plays and important role in causing a cancer. Brain tumor can be treated by surgery, radiation therapy (or) targeted therapy. Radiation therapy is often given afterwards. As a consequence, the most recent review reviewed the present state of research with the hopes of discovering a new brain tumor inhibitor that may be used to treat advanced malignancies.
Experimental Model of Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Erbaş Oytun , Altuntaş İlknur , Çağlar Özge , Özyilmaz Elif , Sari Ece , Üzümcü İlayda , Erbakan Kaan
Published: January 2022

The occurrence of heart electrophysiology dysfunction or/and muscle damage is referred to as cardiotoxicity. The heart weakens and becomes less efficient at pumping and hence circulating blood. Cardiomyopathy can be caused by a variety of factors, including viral infections, diseases such as diabetes, ischemia, hypertension, obesity, radiation therapy, antipsychotic drugs, cytotoxic drugs, most notably chemotherapeutic agents; antitumor antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, platinum-based compounds, microtubule inhibitors, vinca alkaloids, antimetabolites, proteasome inhibitors, topoisomerase inhibitors, alkylating agents, corticosteroids. This chapter focuses on the mechanisms of cardiotoxicity, animal models and transgenic methods used in studies, and the effects of therapeutic agents on cardiotoxicity.
Mitochondrial Cytopathies of the Renal System
Authors: K. Nigam Lovelesh , V. Vanikar Aruna , Dalsukhbhai Patel Rashmi , V. Kanodia Kamal , Suthar Kamlesh , Thakkar Umang
Published: January 2022

Mitochondria are major intracellular organelles with a variety of critical roles like adenosine triphosphate production, metabolic modulation, generation of reactive oxygen species, maintenance of intracellular calcium homeostasis, and the regulation of apoptosis. Mitochondria often undergo transformation in both physiological and pathological conditions. New concepts point that mitochondrial shape and structure are intimately linked with their function in the kidneys and diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction have been identified. Diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction are termed as “mitochondrial cytopathies”. Evidence support that there is a role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of two common pathways of end-stage kidney disease, namely, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI). Mitochondrial cytopathies in kidneys mainly manifest as focal segmental glomerular sclerosis, tubular defects, and as cystic kidney diseases. The defects implicated are mutations in mtDNA and nDNA. The proximal tubular cells are relatively vulnerable to oxidative stress and are therefore apt to suffer from respiratory chain defects and manifest as either loss of electrolyte or low-molecular-weight proteins. Patients with mitochondrial tubulopathy are usually accompanied by myoclonic epilepsy and ragged red muscle fibers (MERRF), and Pearson’s, Kearns-Sayre, and Leigh syndromes. The majority of genetic mutations detected in these diseases are fragment deletions of mtDNA. Studies have shown significantly increased ROS production, upregulation of COX I and IV expressions, and inactivation of complex IV in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with stage IV–V CKD, thereby demonstrating the close association between mitochondrial dysfunction and progression to CKD. Furthermore, the mechanisms that translate cellular cues and demands into mitochondrial remodeling and cellular damage, including the role of microRNAs and lncRNAs, are examined with the final goal of identifying mitochondrial targets to improve treatment of patients with chronic kidney diseases.
Making Our Preference Known: Preference Signaling in the Emergency Medicine Residency Application
Authors: Pelletier-Bui Alexis , Schnapp Benjamin , Smith Liza , Franzen Doug , Werley Elizabeth , McDonough Erin , Camejo Melanie
Published: January 2022

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An Effective COVID-19 Medical Student Elective
Authors: Sudario Gabriel , Wiechmann Warren , Youm Julie , Le-Bucklin Khanh-Van
Published: January 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the importance of teaching medical students pandemic preparedness and COVID-19 related clinical knowledge. To fill the gap of COVID-19 instruction backed by evaluation data, we present a comprehensive COVID-19 pilot curriculum with multiple levels of evaluation data.

Methods: In the spring of 2020, the University of California, Irvine (UCI) School of Medicine piloted a two-week, primarily asynchronous COVID-19 elective course for medical students. The goal of the course is to provide a foundation in clinical care for COVID-19 while introducing students to emerging issues of a modern pandemic. Objectives align with institutional objectives, and instruction is delivered in thematic modules. Our curriculum utilizes numerous instructional strategies effective in distance learning including independent learning modules (ILM), reading, video lectures, discussion board debates, simulation and evidence-based argument writing. We designed a three-level, blended evaluation plan grounded in the Kirkpatrick and Kirkpatrick evaluation model that assessed student satisfaction, relevance, confidence, knowledge and behavior.

Results: Our end of course survey revealed that students had high levels of satisfaction with the curriculum, and felt the course was relevant to their clinical education. Various assessment tools showed excellent levels of knowledge attainment. All respondents rated themselves as highly confident with the use of personal protective equipment, though fewer were confident with ventilator management.

Conclusion: Overall our pilot showed that we were able to deliver relevant, satisfying COVID-19 instruction while allowing students to demonstrate knowledge and desired behaviors in COVID-19 patient care.
Emergency Medicine Residents’ “Just World” Bias Is Not Associated with a Biased Case Mix
Authors: Edgecomb Jessica , Alexandridis Roxana , Schnapp Benjamin
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Belief in a just world is the cognitive bias that “one gets what they deserve.” Stronger belief in a just world for others (BJW-O) has been associated with discrimination against individuals with low socioeconomic status (SES) or poor health status, as they may be perceived to have “deserved” their situation. Emergency medicine (EM) residents have been shown to “cherry pick” patients; in this study we sought to determine whether BJW-O is associated with a biased case mix seen in residency.

Methods: We assessed EM residents on their BJW-O using a scale with previous validity evidence and behavioral correlates. We identified chief complaints that residents may associate with low SES or poor health status, including psychiatric disease, substance use disorder (SUD); and patients with multidisciplinary care plans due to frequent ED visits. We then calculated the percentage of each of these patient types seen by each resident as well as correlations and a multiple linear regression.

Results: 38 of 48 (79%) residents completed the BJW-O, representing 98,825 total patient encounters. The median BJW-O score was 3.25 (interquartile range 2.81–3.75). There were no significant correlations observed between BJW-O and the percentage of patients with multidisciplinary care plans who were seen, or patients with psychiatric, SUD, dental or sickle cell chief complaints seen; and a multiple linear regression showed no significant association.

Conclusion: Higher BJW-O scores in EM residents are not significantly associated with a biased case mix of patients seen in residency.
Educating Future Educators–Resident Distinction in Education: A Longitudinal Curriculum for Physician Educators
Authors: Seelig Sandra , Bright Erin , Bod Jessica , Della-Giustina David , Goldflam Katja , Coughlin Ryan , Tsyrulnik Alina
Published: January 2022

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A Brief Coaching Pilot Enhances Professional Identity Formation and Clinical Skills Acquisition During Emergency Medicine Clerkships Shortened by COVID-19
Authors: Dixon William , Gallegos Moises , Williams Sarah
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic limited educational and career development opportunities for medical students, requiring innovative programs to accelerate professional identity formation and clinical skills acquisition. Methods: We developed a brief coaching intervention that took place over the advanced (sub-internship) emergency medicine rotation at our institution. We trained coaches using a newly developed workshop, who met with students for an average of 4.5 hours over 3 weeks. Impact/effectiveness: We showed that this coaching program was both feasible and impactful for faculty coaches and medical students.
Response to AAEM’s “Response to the Yale PA Residency Program”
Authors: Tsyrulnik Alina , Goldflam Katja , Coughlin Ryan , Bod Jessica , Chekijian Sharon , Della-Giustina David
Published: January 2022

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Evaluation of the Frequency of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Patients with COVID-19 Admitted to Hospitals in Sari, Iran in 2020
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Hamzeh , Elyasi Forouzan , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Ghafour Ideh
Published: January 2022

Backgrounds: The COVID-19 epidemic has affected people's mental health around the world. According to previous epidemics, an increase in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been seen until one year later. Objectives: Due to the importance of psychological issues secondary to COVID-19, in this study, the frequency of PTSD symptoms in the follow-up of patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in Sari was evaluated. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 199 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in Sari were identified, and patients’ records were recorded. PTSD criteria were assessed based on the PTSD Checklist for DSM 5 (PCL-5). Data were analyzed using SPSS 16. Results: In the present study, the overall prevalence of PTSD was 19.1% (38 patients). The frequency of PTSD was higher in women, married people, people with children, and those aged 20-44 years. The prevalence of PTSD was higher in 29 patients (38.2%) with higher education. Conclusions: This study showed that PTSD has a high prevalence in people with a history of COVID-19, and it is necessary for these patients to undergo psychiatric evaluations.
Strong Sustainability Ethics
Authors: Bourban Michel ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: January 2022

This article explains how strong sustainability ethics has emerged and developed as a new field over the last two decades as a critical response to influential conceptions of weak sustainability. It investigates three competing, normative approaches to strong sustainability: the communitarian approach, the Rawlsian approach, and the capabilities approach. Although these approaches converge around the idea that there are critical, non-substitutable natural resources and services, they diverge on how to reconcile human development and environmental protection. The aim of the paper is to provide a critical overview of these three perspectives, but also and mostly to show that when we put them into dialogue with each other, we can clarify the demands of sustainability. The paper concludes that the capabilities approach is the most suitable way to think about sustainability, but only if it goes beyond its dominantly anthropocentric view.
Schopenhauer e a fisiologia francesa (Cabanis e Bichat), de Paul Janet
Authors: Souto Caio , Martins Iasmim
Published: January 2022

Artigo originalmente publicado em 1880 na Revue des deux mondes.
Meu caminho até Paul Deussen: sobre as relações perenes entre a filosofia de Schopenhauer e o Advaita Vedānta
Authors: Rodrigues Braz Daniel
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo reproduz o itinerário, da iniciação científica ao doutorado, que me conduziu atualmente ao estudo da filosofia de Paul Deussen (1845-1919). Faço, aqui, uma cronologia ao longo da qual são abordados os seguintes assuntos: (i) o que é Vedānta e quais seriam suas relações com o idealismo transcendental kantiano-schopenhaueriano; (ii) as tendências filosóficas implícitas na gênese do pensamento de Schopenhauer; (iii) a compreensão da filosofia schopenhaueriana como zona de convergência das doutrinas presentes em Kant, Platão e nas Upaniṣad's; e, por fim, (iv) o sentido perenialista de filosofia na obra de Deussen, a qual se apoia na comparação de textos oriundos de múltiplas tradições filosóficas e religiosas, com o que se pretende extrair "a única verdade eterna comum a todos" (DEUSSEN, 1894, p. V).
A consciência revoltada do planeta: interlocuções entre Schopenhauer e Krajcberg
Authors: Souto Iasmim Cristina Martins
Published: January 2022

Frans Krajcberg, através do seu trabalho artístico e do seu ativismo, expressa muito bem o trabalho do artista admirado por Schopenhauer, que interfere o mínimo na natureza, apenas fazendo com que sua essência seja revelada. Além disso, também contribui para que a natureza seja digna de considerações estéticas e éticas. Neste artigo, abordaremos a crise ambiental a partir da atualização do pensamento de Schopenhauer, fazendo também uma interlocução do filósofo com o trabalho do artista e ativista ambiental Frans Krajcberg.
Constellation of methicillin-resistant genomic islands (SCCmec) among nasal meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates
Authors: Suleiman Adeiza , Ademola Onaolapo , Olalekan Olayinka
Published: January 2022

The apprehensiveness for the knowledge vacuum on existential threat of nasal carriage of pvl+ healthcare-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) strains amongst subjects in hospitals have led us to pursue a grasp on the constellation of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types and pvl gene among mecA positive MRSA nasal strains. This was accomplished by phenotypic (catalase, coagulase, Microgen staph ID, ORSAB) and genotypic (polymerase chain reaction) biotyping techniques. All the mecA+ strains harboured the SCCmec gene; SCCmec type I prevailed in 43.75% and pvl was found in 42.1% of the isolates. Dual carriage of mecA and pvl genes occurred in six (37.5%, n = 6/16) strains. Overall, majority of the mecA+ MRSA strains documented in this study carried SCCmec elements of the HA genotype with a hint of community-acquired (CA)genotype suggesting a possible coexistence of both HA-MRSA and community-acquiredhealthcare-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) strains. Consequently, the implementation of methodical surveillance is needed for the evaluation of potential shifts in directionality of (HA-MRSA/CA-MRSA) pvl+ MRSA clones in our hospitals for effective and prudent antimicrobial stewardship.
Shocked to happy: Experiences of Iranian diabetics in reaction to the bad news of the diagnosis
Authors: Namdar Areshtanab , Karimi Moonaghi , Vahidi Maryam , Jouybari Leila , Emami Zeydi , Ranjbar Hossein
Published: January 2022

Diagnosis of a chronic disease like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is frequently shocking for patients, which influences their lives. Getting aware of bad news such as obtaining a chronic illness diagnosis is a sensitive issue in patients' lives. Conversely, reactions to the reception of a diagnosis of diabetes are often varied for a few reasons. To manage the diseases through care planning, the identification and modification of the causes of various reactions are necessary. The aim of the present survey was to investigate the reaction of diabetics to the reception of diabetes diagnosis and its possible reasons. In this qualitative study, in-depth interviews were used. Furthermore, traditional content analysis of semi-structured interviews was conducted using a qualitative strategy with 20 individuals with type 2 diabetes. The purposeful sampling approach was employed for recruiting the participants. Eleven male and nine female participants having type 2 diabetes had been transferred to the diabetes association of Iran for receiving consulting assistance in the areas of nutrition, psychology, and health care. Four categories of reactions have arisen from the investigation including behavioral, emotional, contextual, and cognitive reactions. Reactions to the prognosis of diabetes may be different for some reasons. The findings of the present investigation may be employed by health care providers to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of unusual and usual reactions, their causes, and the context in the early years after the diagnosis and planning care programs for disease management.
Evaluation of pneumonia due to mechanical ventilation and its association with the severity of disease in patients admitted to intensive care unit
Authors: Farivar Atefe , Sanagoo Akram , Jouybari Leila , Ali Vakili , Moghaddam Shahram , Rahmania Aanraki
Published: January 2022

Among the hospital-acquired infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) has the highest mortality and morbidity rates. The aim of this study was to identify VAP in the intensive care unit (ICU) and its association with the severity of the disease. This descriptive-analytic study was conducted in Golestan University of Medical Sciences (Northern Iran). In the present study, 239 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation hospitalized in ICU were selected through non-random sampling. Data were recorded by using APACHE II criteria and diagnosis of VAP was made based on clinical criterion and physician confirmation. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, and single-variable logistic test. The incidence of VAP was 19.2% and it was significantly related to mean arterial pressure (P = 0.035) and male sex (P = 0.122). There was a significant and direct correlation between the incidence of VAP and the increase in the value of gastric residual volume > 200 ml (P = 0.001). The findings of this study showed that male sex, increased arterial pressure, and gastric residual volume were the risk factors for the development of of VAP.
Positive effects of a four-week rehabilitation spa program on quality of life in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Mustur Dušan
Published: January 2022

This is an open uncontrolled study about the positive effects of a four-week rehabilitation spa program on the quality of life of 74 patients with ankylosing spondylitis. We assessed the following health status parameters on admission and discharge from the Institute Igalo, Montenegro: BASFI, BASDAI, ASDAS-CRP, ASAS 20 improvement criteria and SF-36 questionnaire. It was a "test-retest study". All the patients had six days of spa physical therapy per week during the four-week rehabilitation program, which made 24 therapy days in total. Therapy sets included the exercise program in gym and pool with mineral water, breathing exercises, massage therapy, balneotherapy (mud packs of baths, mineral and pearl baths, underwater massages), electrotherapy, sonotherapy, as well as thalassotherapy. Physiotherapy was prescribed by physician individually according to general health status and eventual contraindications. In all the observed parameters, statistical analysis showed that there was a highly significant improvement (p < 0.01). After four weeks of spa rehabilitation, ASAS 20 improvement index was achieved in 74.3% of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Conclusions were that four weeks of complex spa physical therapy program in Institute Igalo led to a significant improvement of assessed parameters of disease activity, functional status and in domains of quality of life.
An automated framework for runtime analysis of malicious executables on Linux
Authors: Vurdelja Igor , Blažić Ivan , Bojić Dragan , Drašković Dražen
Published: January 2022

One way of testing a malware detection tool is to expose it to a large number of diverse malware samples and verify its detection accuracy. During these tests, the host system must not be harmed by malware and yet be able to analyze its harmful behavior. An additional challenge is to run a large number of executables in the shortest amount of time. Advanced malware can even stop its execution when detecting a simulation. This paper presents a framework for automated malware analysis on Linux. The proposed solution addresses these problems with parallel realistic simulations. Existing malware analysis methods are discussed, as well as technical details behind reliable execution simulations.
Antecedentes y ceremonial de los matrimonios militares en España
Authors: Eiroa Escalada Javier , Bolivar Martín Juan José
Published: January 2022

Nuestra sociedad suele tener la necesidad de exteriorizar y solemnizar los momentos culminantes de la vida, siendo el matrimonio uno de ellos. Hay numerosas publicaciones relacionadas con el matrimonio civil, pero son muy escasas las relacionadas con el ámbito militar.

Las Fuerzas Armadas siempre se han considerado como un colectivo especial, pero como integrantes de la sociedad no son ajenos a los cambios producidos a lo largo de la historia de España.

Este trabajo aborda las singularidades del matrimonio militar. En la primera parte, este artículo analiza la evolución histórica y normativa del matrimonio militar en España. En la segunda parte, para enmarcar el tema, se recoge la normativa vigente de aplicación en la materia, considerándose los aspectos generales desde los puntos de vista civil y eclesiástico y, de manera específica, el ámbito militar.

Finaliza el trabajo detallando y analizando los distintos momentos en el protocolo y en el ceremonial concreto de una boda militar en la actualidad.
La creación de la Orden “Lealtad y Mérito” como última disposición normativa de Derecho Premial de la Segunda República española
Authors: Mesa Göbel José Manuel
Published: January 2022

La Segunda República española llevará a cabo una serie de derogaciones, modificaciones y creación ex novo en relación con las Órdenes de carácter civil, en los primeros años de esta, como resultado lógico del establecimiento del nuevo régimen de Estado, como medio de legitimación del poder y ruptura con el régimen monárquico. Por tanto, una de esas vías de legitimación incidirá en el Derecho Premial, y el desarrollo legislativo y de concesión de estas. Con la presente investigación se analizan los aspectos más relevantes de la Orden “Lealtad y Mérito”, Orden civil que se establece en la antesala de la finalización de la Guerra Civil y tras cinco años desde la última orden o condecoración de carácter civil creada al efecto, y que se va a caracterizar por su escasa concesión e inconcluso desarrollo jurídico, toda vez que se establecerá su implementación reglamentaria, la cual y dadas las circunstancias será imposible de llevar a cabo. A su vez la República en el exilio no dará continuidad a la concesión ni de la Orden que vamos a analizar ni de las otras existentes, estableciéndose y creándose otras. Destacable será en relación con la concesión de dicha Orden que la misma tendrá carácter póstumo, como tendremos ocasión de analizar, toda vez que la norma de creación de la Orden y la norma de concesión de dicha recompensa, tienen igual fecha de decreto y serán publicadas en el mismo número de la Gaceta de la República.
IMPACT ENERGY DISSIPATOR WITH VARIABLE STIFFNESS AND DRY FRICTION LAYERS
Authors: Domínguez Gurría Miguel Alberto , SZWEDOWICZ WASIK DARIUSZ , MARTINEZ RAYON ELADIO , ESTRADA BARBOSA QUIRINO
Published: January 2022

This paper presents an experimental and numerical study that allows to evaluate the dissipation of impact energy, proposing a friction damper with the use of layers (LFD) for impact energy dissipation. The study is carried out on a macro scale of contact between the layers and friction elements. The effects of displacement and applied speed are experimentally analyzed. Numerically, the FEM analyses the effects of the preload and the material of the friction layers on the hysteretic behavior of the LFD. The energy dissipation in a cycle increases with respect to the applied displacement. The operating range of the LFD is variable, because the stiffness of the system increases with respect to the applied displacement. The preload applied to the damper varies with respect to the displacement applied. A theoretical approach is established to estimate the energy dissipation of the system with previously defined parameters or, to define the geometry and material of the damper elements for an estimated energy range.

Key Words: dry friction, variable stiffness, damper energy, layers, FEM,
Soundcool, from Art to Medicine
Authors: Scarani Stefano
Published: January 2022

Se trata de una entrevista realizada en 2021 a Jorge Sastre y Roger Dannenberg sobre el proyecto musical innovador Soundcool.
Apropant la creació musical actual a tots els públics. XENSEMS. El projecte pedagògic del Festival ENSEMS
Authors: Cubells Pérez Cristina
Published: January 2022

El present article rastreja en les tres línies programàtiques del projecte pedagògic XENSEMS del Festival de Música ENSEMS de València des de 2018 fins 2021 amb la intenció de proporcionar materials pedagògics concebuts des d’una mirada crítica en relació a la creació musical actual. Tanmateix pretén mostrar formes diverses de materialitzar els conceptes desenvolupats en les anomenades edicions per mitjà de les guies didàctiques, els tallers d’experimentació per a tots els públics, les instal·lacions sonores, els concerts participatius i la hibridació entre el moviment i la música de nova creació.
Consideraciones acerca de la ciencia como cultura
Authors: Navarro David
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo consiste en una aproximación a la ciencia considerada como siendo en primera instancia un producto histórico y cultural. Dicha consideración no impide que la ciencia pueda ser también evaluada en su posición frente a otras formas culturales ofreciendo como resultado un serio cuestionamiento del relativismo cognitivo. En la línea de las tesis del pensador inglés Ernest Gellner realizamos una ponderación racionalista del conocimiento científico y su valor para la sociedad contemporánea.
María Zambrano. Filósofa de la Generación del 27
Authors: Beltrán Llavador José
Published: January 2022

Reseña del libro: Zacarés Pamblanco, A. y Mascarell Dauder, R. (2021). Madrid: Ediciones Antígona. ISBN: 978-84-18119-46-0, 176 págs.
Una sociología de la relación con el mundo
Authors: Jaramillo Tejedo Lidia
Published: January 2022

Reseña de: Hartmut, Rosa (2019). Resonancia. Una sociología de la relación con el mundo. Madrid: Katz Editores. ISBN 9788415917458, 589 páginas.
¿Buena praxis profesional o dinero fácil?
Authors: Serrano Martin Carlos , López Redondo Isaac , Arumburu Moncada Luisa Graciela
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Ante las recientes campañas gubernamentales para concienciar a la población en contra de las Fake News, vemos en el cine una herramienta didáctica ideal para estudiar la representación que el séptimo arte ha realizado del ámbito de la empresa informativa bajo las siguientes cuestiones: ¿Qué caminos y estrategias toman las empresas de la información para ganar la credibilidad de la audiencia? ¿Cómo se adaptan a las continuas novedades del gremio informativo según el séptimo arte?

Diseño/metodología/enfoque: Elegimos el cine europeo como ámbito geográfico a investigar debido a que consideramos que hay una sobreexplotación del cine norteamericano como fuente de estudio para analizar la relación entre cine y periodismo. Esta situación hace necesario buscar otras filmografías que aportan al imaginario colectivo grandes títulos no estudiados con la profundidad precisa. Hemos tratado los filmes analizados como fuente primaria, si recurrimos a terminología propia de los estudios históricos, para que responda lo manifiesto del metraje a las preguntas de la investigación. Nuestra muestra está formada por cinco películas. Un 80% de las producciones son europeas: The Program, Corresponsales Especiales, The Eichmann Show y Sympathy for the Devil. El 20% restante es una producción estadounidense: Nightcrawler.

Resultados: Los resultados desvelan que existe una gran diferencia entre los objetivos de la empresa informativa y las metas que desean alcanzar los profesionales de la comunicación. El principal punto de esta diferencia reside, principalmente, en que el brazo económico del medio en cuestión socava los principios de servicio público perseguidos por una gran mayoría de profesionales de la comunicación.

Limitaciones/implicaciones: El marco temporal europeo abarcado en estas líneas comienza en el año 2006 y finaliza en 2019. El único ejemplo estadounidenses es el filme Nightcrawler (2014).
Research progress of mode-locked pulsed fiber lasers with high damage threshold saturable absorber
Authors: Cui Wen-Wen , Xing Xiao-Wei , Xiao Yue-Jia , Liu Wen-Jun ,   State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
Published: January 2022

As the basic hardware to promote the development of various fields, fiber laser has great development potential in rail transit, optical communication, new material manufacturing, power battery processing, military defense, medical treatment, and other fields. As the core device of passively mode-locked fiber laser, a high damage threshold saturable absorber plays a decisive role in achieving high power, ultrashort pulse duration, and high energy laser output for a fiber laser. For saturable absorbers of traditional materials and structures, the spot size of light acting on the material is almost the same as the exit diameter of the optical fiber, which is easy to exceed the damage threshold of the saturable absorber and lead to damage. To improve the damage threshold of saturable absorbers, the structure of saturable absorbers based on both real materials and traditional saturable absorbers can be optimized. On the one hand, the preparation technology of the saturable absorber is adjusted, such as using the sol-gel method, which has a good effect on improving the damage threshold of the saturable absorber. Moreover, different materials are selected and used as substrates, such as the use of inorganic materials as material substrates and the selection of a variety of insertion cavity structures, such as “sandwich” transmission structures, tapered fibers, and photonic crystal fibers. These methods are of great significance in improving the damage threshold of the real material saturable absorber and realizing pulsed laser with excellent performance and high stability. On the other hand, the equivalent saturable absorber structure is used to improve the damage threshold and optimize the laser performance, such as hybrid mode-locked structure and nonlinear multimode interference. The continuous optimization of the fiber laser damage threshold will further expand its application range. Therefore, it is important to adjust the preparation process and insert the cavity structure of saturable absorbers for improving the damage threshold of the saturable absorber and achieving high performance and stability of the pulsed laser. This paper reviews the research status of high damage threshold saturable absorbers at home and abroad, summarizes the latest methods to improve material damage threshold and the latest research progress of equivalent saturable absorbers, and also points out the future development direction of high damage threshold saturable absorbers.
Therapeutic downregulation of neuronal PAS domain 2 (Npas2) promotes surgical skin wound healing
Authors: Shibuya Yoichiro , Hokugo Akishige , Okawa Hiroko , Kondo Takeru , Khalil Daniel , Wang Lixin , Roca Yvonne , Clements Adam , Sasaki Hodaka , Berry Ella , Nishimura Ichiro , Jarrahy Reza
Published: January 2022

Attempts to minimize scarring remain among the most difficult challenges facing surgeons, despite the use of optimal wound closure techniques. Previously, we reported improved healing of dermal excisional wounds in circadian clock neuronal PAS domain 2 (Npas2)-null mice. In this study, we performed high-throughput drug screening to identify a compound that downregulates Npas2 activity. The hit compound (Dwn1) suppressed circadian Npas2 expression, increased murine dermal fibroblast cell migration, and decreased collagen synthesis in vitro. Based on the in vitro results, Dwn1 was topically applied to iatrogenic full-thickness dorsal cutaneous wounds in a murine model. The Dwn1-treated dermal wounds healed faster with favorable mechanical strength and developed less granulation tissue than the controls. The expression of type I collagen, Tgfβ1, and α-smooth muscle actin was significantly decreased in Dwn1-treated wounds, suggesting that hypertrophic scarring and myofibroblast differentiation are attenuated by Dwn1 treatment. NPAS2 may represent an important target for therapeutic approaches to optimal surgical wound management.
Authorship then and now
Authors: Marder Eve
Published: January 2022

A researcher should only be an author on a paper if they have contributed to it in a substantive way.
Bioinformatics analysis and identification of hub genes and immune-related molecular mechanisms in chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Yao Fangyi , Zhao Cui , Zhong Fangmin , Qin Tingyu , Li Shuqi , Liu Jing , Huang Bo , Wang Xiaozhong
Published: January 2022

Background

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignant hyperplastic tumor of the bone marrow originating from pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells. The advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has greatly improved the survival rate of patients with CML. However, TKI-resistance leads to the disease recurrence and progression. This study aimed to identify immune-related genes (IRGs) associated with CML progression.

Methods

We extracted the gene’s expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Bioinformatics analysis was used to determine the differentially expressed IRGs of CML and normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Functional enrichment and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to explore its potential mechanism. Hub genes were identified using Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) and the CytoHubba plugin. The hub genes’ diagnostic value was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC). The relative proportions of infiltrating immune cells in each CML sample were evaluated using CIBERSORT. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to validate the hub gene expression in clinical samples.

Results

A total of 31 differentially expressed IRGs were identified. GO analyses revealed that the modules were typically enriched in the receptor ligand activity, cytokine activity, and endopeptidase activity. KEGG enrichment analysis of IRGs revealed that CML involved Th17 cell differentiation, the NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. A total of 10 hub genes were selected using the PPI network. GSEA showed that these hub genes were related to the gamma-interferon immune response, inflammatory response, and allograft rejection. ROC curve analysis suggested that six hub genes may be potential biomarkers for CML diagnosis. Further analysis indicated that immune cells were associated with the pathogenesis of CML. The RT-qPCR results showed that proteinase 3 (PRTN3), cathepsin G (CTSG), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), resistin (RETN), eosinophil derived neurotoxin (RNase2), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP, RNase3) were significantly elevated in CML patients’ PBMCs compared with healthy controls.

Conclusion

These results improved our understanding of the functional characteristics and immune-related molecular mechanisms involved in CML progression and provided potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Prediction of active ingredients in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. based on soil elements and artificial neural network
Authors: Liu Yu , Wang Ke , Yan Zhu-Yun , Shen Xiaofeng , Yang Xinjie
Published: January 2022

The roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. are commonly used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and tanshinones and salvianolic acids are its main active ingredients. However, the composition and content of active ingredients of S. miltiorrhiza planted in different regions of the soil environment are also quite different, which adds new difficulties to the large-scale and standardization of artificial cultivation. Therefore, in this study, we measured the active ingredients in the roots of S. miltiorrhiza and the contents of rhizosphere soil elements from 25 production areas in eight provinces in China, and used the data to develop a prediction model based on BP (back propagation) neural network. The results showed that the active ingredients had different degrees of correlation with soil macronutrients and trace elements, the prediction model had the best performance (MSE = 0.0203, 0.0164; R2 = 0.93, 0.94). The artificial neural network model was shown to be a method that can be used to screen the suitable cultivation sites and proper fertilization. It can also be used to optimize the fertilizer application at specific sites. It also suggested that soil testing formula fertilization should be carried out for medicinal plants like S. miltiorrhiza, which is grown in multiple origins, rather than promoting the use of “special fertilizer” on a large scale. Therefore, the model is helpful for efficient, rational, and scientific guidance of fertilization management in the cultivation of S. miltiorrhiza.