bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comunicação em saúde sobre HIV/Aids: mapeamento bibliométrico de artigos científicos internacionais (2007-2017) e caracterização dos artigos de acesso aberto (2017)
Authors: Farias Iaralyz Fernandes , Amaral Ana Margarida Ribeiro do , Martins Vitor Hugo , Santos Adriana Kelly
Published: September 2020

O tema do Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) e da Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (Aids) está nas agendas políticas e científicas de diversos países. A comunicação em saúde é um componente contemplado nas diretrizes de prevenção do HIV/Aids. Este estudo apresenta uma análise de artigos científicos internacionais na temática da comunicação em saúde sobre HIV/Aids, publicados entre 2007 e 2017. Especificamente, tem como objetivo: (i) apresentar o mapeamento bibliométrico do período supracitado; (ii) caracterizar as publicações de acesso aberto do ano de 2017. Adotamos o procedimento metodológico: (1) definição das bases de dados (WoS/Clarivate Analytics, PubMed e Scopus); (2) composição da amostra do estudo (tipologia de artigos e título como campo de busca); (3) criação da estratégia de busca, coleta de dados e tratamento das informações no software Vantage Point; (4) mapeamento bibliométrico dos 245 artigos encontrados, segundo os campos: ano de publicação; país de origem da instituição de filiação do primeiro autor; revistas; instituições de filiação dos autores e coautores; (5) caracterização dos 13 artigos de acesso aberto no ano de 2017, evidenciando as revistas em que os artigos foram publicados, os temas neles abordados e as metodologias adotadas nas pesquisas. O mapeamento bibliométrico revelou a desigualdade na produção do conhecimento científico, prevalecendo as publicações oriundas de países da América do Norte, Europa e África. A análise dos 13 estudos publicados no ano de 2017 demonstra que as redes sociais e sites institucionais são fontes auxiliares na busca de informação sobre o HIV e sobre a Aids, sendo priorizada a relação entre profissionais de saúde para o engajamento de pacientes. As ações intersetoriais promovidas por lideranças políticas e comunitárias também se destacam no enfrentamento do HIV.
Museu da Vida e seus públicos: reflexões sobre a zona de influência e o papel social de um museu de ciência
Authors: Bevilaqua Diego Vaz , Gonzalez Ana Carolina de Souza , Mano Sonia Maria Figueira , Guimarães Vanessa Fernandes , De Almeida Wanessa da Silva
Published: September 2020

Este artigo retrata o processo de definição da zona de influência do Museu da Vida, ou seja, das áreas do município do Rio de Janeiro de onde a maioria dos seus visitantes provém e cuja população é a base para a amostragem da pesquisa. Como resultados, este artigo faz uma análise sociodemográfica desse público e apresenta algumas de suas características relevantes. Essa definição de zona de influência, dentro da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, uniu conceitos de território e o conhecimento acumulado da proveniência dos visitantes do Museu da Vida. Definiu-se essa zona como uma área contínua do município do Rio de Janeiro que abrange Zona Central, Grande Tijuca, Zona Norte e Grande Jacarepaguá. Nesta zona de influência, 1.296 pessoas responderam a um questionário autoaplicado, das quais 13% já haviam visitado o Museu da Vida. Em contraste com aqueles que nunca visitaram o Museu, o público que já o visitou é relativamente jovem, com uma discreta maioria de mulheres e com renda bem distribuída de acordo com a demografia local, porém com um grau de escolaridade maior que a média. Analisaram-se, também, hábitos culturais relacionados à busca de informação em ciência e tecnologia na infância; a percepção dos visitantes sobre a influência da visita ao museu; seu interesse, conhecimento e engajamento a respeito de temas de ciência e tecnologia e a forma como os visitantes lidam com notícias falsas em ciência. Essas análises permitem uma visão mais sistêmica da importância de um museu de ciência em uma região com baixíssima oferta de equipamentos de ciência e cultura.
Análise do processo de recuperação da informação em bases de dados publicadas como dados abertos ligados utilizando a abordagem RDB2LOD
Authors: Martins Pereira Clayton , Ferneda Edberto , Santarem Segundo José Eduardo
Published: September 2020

Os dados abertos ligados têm se tornado um padrão para publicação e enriquecimento de dados, o que promove a transição de uma Web orientada a documentos para uma Web de dados e, por conseguinte, para a Web Semântica. Por outro lado, bases de dados relacionais compõem o núcleo da maioria dos sistemas de informação atualmente em operação. Assim, a publicação da imensa quantidade de dados mantidos em bases de dados relacionais, seguindo as boas práticas e recomendações do Linked Data, pode contribuir significativamente para a consolidação das ferramentas e tecnologias da Web Semântica. É nesse contexto que surgiu a abordagem RDB2LOD para publicação de dados abertos ligados obtidos a partir de bases de dados relacionais. Porém, depois de os dados serem efetivamente publicados, o passo seguinte é recuperá-los de forma eficiente para o seu devido consumo. Este trabalho, de natureza qualitativa e do tipo exploratório, tem como objetivo fazer uma análise do processo de recuperação da informação na abordagem RDB2LOD, a fim de averiguar se a utilização desta abordagem pode facilitar a formulação de consultas SPARQL e, consequentemente, melhorar a visualização e exploração dos dados recuperados. Para isso foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, além de um experimento no qual a abordagem teve seu processo de recuperação da informação avaliado em dois casos distintos. Ficou demonstrado que, ao levar em consideração os aspectos semânticos dos termos empregados nas expressões de consulta, por meio da aplicação de ontologias, é possível tornar mais eficiente e precisa a recuperação de dados.
Interpretação do patrimônio cultural por meio da roteirização turística da Avenida 7 de Setembro, Manaus, AM
Authors: Guimarães Márcia Raquel Cavalcante , Maia Karla Cristina Ribeiro , Oliveira Sibelle da Silva , Tricárico Luciano Torres
Published: September 2020

O espaço urbano proporciona o conhecimento das diversas manifestações da sociedade materializado em suas ruas, avenidas, edificações e praças, permitindo uma melhor compreensão do processo que, ao longo do tempo, foi responsável por sua configuração. Assim, buscou-se identificar as possibilidades de interpretação patrimonial de uma cidade, por meio da Avenida 7 de Setembro, espaço representativo da história de Manaus nos períodos pré-colonial, colonial, império e república, marcados por sua construção e suas edificações. A metodologia é qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso, com a utilização de fontes bibliográficas, documentais, de instrumentos como inventário turístico, observação e entrevista. A paisagem construída na avenida é consequência da formação social e econômica da região, onde as principais modificações ocorridas foram resultado da circulação de mercadorias e do capital financeiro de dois grandes marcos de desenvolvimento econômico e social no estado e na capital: o ciclo da borracha (1860-1930) e a criação da Zona Franca de Manaus (a partir de 1967 até hoje). Outro resultado da pesquisa é a sugestão de um roteiro turístico interpretativo pela Avenida 7 de Setembro, com a finalidade principal de diversificação da oferta turística local, valorização patrimonial e facilitação da compreensão desse espaço.
’Predictors of hospitalization in children with infectious mononucleosis
Authors: TOPAL Yaşar , TOPAL Hatice , BATTALOĞLU İNANÇ Betül
Published: September 2020

Background: Infectious mononucleosis (IM), characterized by fever, lymphadenopathy and pharyngitis, is a common infectious disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). In this study, we performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical findings, laboratory data and management of children with IM due to EBV to find out the predictors of hospitalizations. Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients under the age of 18 years who were diagnosed with IM between October 31, 2017 and October 31, 2018 at Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Medical Faculty Hospital. The study population was categorized into three groups according to the age; the 0-4 years, 5-10 years, and above 10 years. Complaints, physical examination findings, laboratory data, complications and treatment strategies of the patients were compared in these groups. Factors associated with hospitalizations and predictors of hospitalization were also investigated.Results: This study included 158 patients. The mean age of the patients was 88.9 ± 53.5 months and 93 (58.9%) were male. The most common complaint was fever (57.6%), and the most common physical examination finding was hepatomegaly (73.4%). No significant difference was found between the age groups in most of the clinical and laboratory findings. The antibiotic treatment was administered in 44% of the patients and 34.8% of the patients were required hospitalization. Patients who needed hospitalization were more symptomatic, had more physical examination findings and had higher acute phase reactants. For variables were found to be significant predictors of hospitalization: presence of fever, palatal petechiae, or exudative tonsillitis and higher levels of C-reactive protein at presentation.Conclusions: More than one third of the children with IM required hospitalization. Presence of fever, palatal petechiae, or exudative tonsillitis and higher levels of C-reactive protein at presentation were ssociated with  higher  rates of  hospitalizations. Key words: Infectious mononucleosis, children, clinical features
A LEI 11.689/2008 E O TRIBUNAL DO JÚRI NO BRASIL: ASPECTOS CRÍTICOS DOUTRINÁRIOS E JURISPRUDENCIAIS
Authors: Câmera Kamila , Oliveira Tarsis Barreto
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo utiliza o embasamento teórico para expor possíveis violações de fundamentos constitucionais que ocorrem durante os debates no Tribunal do Júri, especificamente quanto ao crime de homicídio. Inicialmente, discorre-se sobre o instituto do Tribunal do Júri, tratando de sua evolução histórica e de seu posicionamento na Constituição Federal, tornando-o cláusula pétrea, bem como dos seus princípios próprios. Aborda-se a vinculação entre os debates e possíveis violações à Constituição Federal. Demonstra-se o caráter simbólico e arcaico do instituto, prevalecendo a encenação das partes sobre o processo em si, a importância da tecnicidade coloquial da acusação e da defesa em plenário, para que o Conselho de Sentença seja capaz de compreender as normas jurídicas ali debatidas e, consequentemente, ter discernimento no momento da votação dos quesitos, para não comprometer o resultado do julgamento. Conclui-se pela imprescindibilidade das partes buscarem aproximação linguística com o conhecimento dos jurados leigos, manterem o foco no processo em discussão e valorizarem o réu e a vítima, muitas vezes marginalizados em detrimento do privilégio das encenações das partes.
INCONSTITUCIONALIDADE NO PAGAMENTO DAS CUSTAS PROCESSUAIS POR BENEFICIÁRIOS DA JUSTIÇA GRATUITA EM CASO DE AUSÊNCIA INJUSTIFICADA NA AUDIÊNCIA TRABALHISTA
Authors: Mariano Xavier Anna Luiza , Malachias Santos Schadong Flávia
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo trata das alterações inseridas pela Lei 13.467/2017, popularmente denominada de Reforma Trabalhista, no que se refere ao pagamento das custas processuais por beneficiários da justiça gratuita, tornando-se uma restrição ao direito fundamental do acesso à justiça.  Apresentando conceitualmente os direitos fundamentais, os princípios constitucionais e as garantias fundamentais do acesso à justiça como instrumento de viabilização do direito de ação. Refere-se ainda sobre as alterações realizadas pela Reforma Trabalhista, e os efeitos causados com a aplicação do artigo 844 §§ 2º e 3º, demonstrando os efeitos na Justiça do Trabalho, como as discussões, críticas, votos e argumentos relacionados ao assunto, principalmente relacionado ao pedido de declaração de inconstitucionalidade formulado através da ADI 5.766/DF. Analisando também a repercussão das alterações diante dos TRT’s, uma vez que causa impactos diretamente na classe trabalhadora hipossuficiente.
Boom Bust Economy and Social-ecological System Relationship
Authors: Liu Xiaohui , Ungar Michael , McRuer Jen , Blais Daniel , Theron Linda , Schnurr Matthew
Published: September 2020

This paper reports on the changing dynamics of a small town’s social-ecological system (SES) concerning oil and gas industry boom-bust economic cycles and both the vulnerability and resilience of the town over the past 30 years. With the goal to understand how resource-based single industry impact social-ecological systems, we developed indicators of human and environmental well-being and assessed them. Seven indicators include labor force distribution, education, oil price, household income, water quality, air quality, and land cover land use. Over this period, Drayton Valley, Canada quadrupled in size, with more than 20% of the population working in the oil and gas sector. Median income rose to 42% above the national average despite the population lagging national benchmarks for educational attainment. There have also been dramatic fluctuations in levels of fluoride, phosphorus, and other chemicals in water quality samples, implying a correlation with fossil fuel extractive activities over this period. Land cover land use change analysis shows a decreased area of water bodies, wetland, and forests, and increased built capital and agricultural land. While economic boom cycles have led to cash inflows, an exclusive focus on the benefits of the oil and gas industry may leave those dependent on the industry vulnerable to social and environmental risk factors during bust cycles that are beyond their control in the everchanging global oil economy. This phenomenon which has been referred to as the “resource curse” suggests the need to anticipate cyclical (or more sustained) periods of low levels of oil and gas production. These results suggest that single boom-bust economies impact every aspect of social-ecological systems. Therefore, a sustainable development plan that comprehensively considers not only economic growth, but also diversification, environment protection, and strategic land use planning is indispensable to ensure the long-term development of communities that depend upon extractive industries.
Optimal Operation of Conventional Power Generation with High Penetration of Renewable Energy using Equilibrium Optimizer Technique
Authors: Nusair Khaled , Alhmoud Lina
Published: September 2020

Over the last decades, the energy market around the world has reshaped due to accommodating the high penetration of renewable energy resources. Although renewable energy sources have brought various benefits, including low operation cost of wind and solar PV power plants, and reducing the environmental risks associated with the conventional power resources, they have imposed a wide range of difficulties in power system planning and operation. Naturally, classical optimal power flow (OPF) is a nonlinear problem. Integrating renewable energy resources with conventional thermal power generators escalates the difficulty of the OPF problem due to the uncertain and intermittent nature of these resources. To address the complexity associated with the process of the integration of renewable energy resources into the classical electric power systems, two probability distribution functions (Weibull and lognormal) are used to forecast the voltaic power output of wind and solar photovoltaic, respectively. Optimal power flow, including renewable energy, is formulated as a single-objective and multi-objective problem in which many objective functions are considered, such as minimizing the fuel cost, emission, real power loss, and voltage deviation. Real power generation, bus voltage, load tap changers ratios, and shunt compensators values are optimized under various power systems’ constraints. This paper aims to solve the OPF problem and examines the effect of renewable energy resources on the above-mentioned objective functions. A combined model of wind integrated IEEE 30-bus system, solar PV integrated IEEE 30-bus system, and hybrid wind and solar PV integrated IEEE 30-bus system are performed using the equilibrium optimizer technique (EO) and other five heuristic search methods. A comparison of simulation and statistical results of EO with other optimization techniques showed that EO is more effective and superior.
Automated Conditional Screening of Escherichia Coli Knockout Mutants in Parallel Adaptive Fed-Batch Cultivations
Authors: Hans Sebastian , Haby Benjamin , Krausch Niels , Tilman Barz , Neubauer Peter , Cruz-Bournazou Mariano Nicolas
Published: September 2020

In bioprocess development, the host and the genetic construct for a new biomanufacturing process are selected in the early developmental stages. This decision, made at the screening scale with very limited information about the performance of the selected cell factory in larger reactors, has a major influence on the performance of the final process. To overcome this, scaledown approaches are essential to run screenings that show the real cell factory performance at industrial like conditions. We present a fully automated robotic facility with 24 parallel mini-bioreactors that is operated by a model based adaptive input design framework for the characterization of clone libraries under scale-down conditions. The cultivation operation strategies are computed and continuously refined based on a macro-kinetic growth model that is continuously re-fitted to the available experimental data. The added value of the approach is demonstrated with 24 parallel fed-batch cultivations in a mini-bioreactor system with eight different Escherichia coli strains in triplicate. The 24 fed-batches ran under the desired conditions generating sufficient information to define the fastest growing strain in an environment with varying glucose concentrations similar to industrial scale bioreactors.
محرمات الطعام والشراب في القرآن الكريم وأثرها في حفظ صحة الإنسان في الحضارة الإسلامية
Authors: Abu Zeid Mohamed
Published: September 2020

What was deprived of food and drink it was harmful to a person's health or himself. In this research, the researcher deals with the prohibitions of food and drink in the Holy Quran, as it explains how the ban of these beverages had a definite impact on the Islamic nation in the best conditions of physical and psychological health. This research will solve according to the inductive and descriptive approach, whereby the researcher will extrapolate the Quranic text and determine the prohibitions of foods and beverages in it, whether they are specific or outlined in the Quranic texts such as the prohibition of malice. The researcher will transfer the findings of Sharia scholars or natural sciences scientists from the harms of those taboos And its mental, psychological, and physical effects. He described the impact of the purity of Islamic society on these taboos on the development and advancement of Islamic civilization
A Century Later: Rural Public Health’s Enduring Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Ziller Erika , Milkowski Carly
Published: September 2020

The US public health community has demonstrated increasing awareness of rural health disparities in the past several years. Although current interest is high, the topic is not new, and some of the earliest public health literature includes reports on infectious disease and sanitation in rural places. Continuing through the first third of the 20th century, dozens of articles documented rural disparities in infant and maternal mortality, sanitation and water safety, health care access, and among Black, Indigenous, and People of Color communities. Current rural research reveals similar challenges, and strategies suggested for addressing rural–urban health disparities 100 years ago resonate today. This article examines rural public health literature from a century ago and its connections to contemporary rural health disparities. We describe parallels between current and historical rural public health challenges and discuss how strategies proposed in the early 20th century may inform current policy and practice. As we explore the new frontier of rural public health, it is critical to consider enduring rural challenges and how to ensure that proposed solutions translate into actual health improvements. (Am J Public Health. 2020;110:1678–1686. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305868 )
Risk perception related to COVID-19 among the Iranian general population: An application of the extended parallel process model
Authors: Jahangiry Leila , Bakhtari Fatemeh , Sohrabi Zahara , Reihani Parvin , Samei Sirous , Ponnet Koen , Montazeri Ali
Published: September 2020

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a major global public health challenge. This study aimed to investigate how people perceived the COVID-19 outbreak using the components of the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) and to find out how this might contribute to possible behavioral responses to the prevention and control of the disease.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted online in Iran in March and April 2020. The Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire via Porsline. Participants were recruited using online applications and posts on a number of platforms such as Telegram, WhatsApp, and Instagram asking people to take part in the study. To collect data a self-designed questionnaire based on the EPPM was used in order to measure the risk perception (efficacy, defensive responses, perceived treat) related to the COVID-19. Descriptive statics, chi-square, t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA), were used to explore the data.Results: A total of 3,727 individuals with a mean age (SD) of 37.0 (11.1) years participated in the study. The results revealed significant progressive increases in efficacy, defensive responses and perceived treat particularly among those aged 60 and over. Women had significantly higher scores than men on some aspects such as self-efficacy, reactance, and avoidance but men had higher perceived susceptibility scores for COVID-19 than women. Overall 56.4% of participants were engaged in danger control (preventive behavior) while the remaining 43.6% were engaged in fear control (non-preventive behavior) process.Conclusion: More than half of all participants motivated by danger control. This indicated that more than half of participants had high perceived efficacy (i.e., self-efficacy and response efficacy). Self-efficacy scores were significantly higher among participants who were older, female, single, lived in rural areas, and had good economic status. The results suggest that socioeconomic and demographic factors are the main determinants of risk perceptions for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.
Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models for Traffic Flow Prediction: A Survey
Authors: Gobezie Ayele , Fufa Marta Sintayehu
Published: September 2020

Traffic congestion is one of the problems for cities around the world due to the rapid increasing of vehicles in urbanization. Traffic flow prediction is of a great importance for Intelligent Transport System (ITS) which helps to optimize the traffic regulation of a transportation in the city. Nowadays, several researches have been studied so far on traffic flow prediction, accurate prediction has not yet been exploited by most of existing studies due to the impact of inability to effectively deal with spatial temporal features of the times series data. Traffic information in transportation system will also be affected by different factors. In this research we intended to study various models for Traffic flow prediction on the basis machine learning and deep learning approaches. Factors affecting the performance of traffic flow prediction intensity are studied as well. Benchmark performance evaluation metrics are also reviewed. Generally, this manuscript covers relevant methods and approaches, review the state-of-art works with respect to different traffic flow prediction technique help researchers in exploring future directions so as to realize robust traffic flow prediction.
Bi3+ Effects on Down-/up-conversion Luminescence, Temperature Sensing and Optical Transition Properties in Bi3+/Er3+ Co-doped YNbO4  Phosphors
Authors: Wang Xin , Li Xiangping , Yu Hongquan , Xu Sai , Sun Jiashi , Cheng Lihong , Zhang Xizhen , Zhang Jinsu , Cao Yongze , Chen Baojiu
Published: September 2020

A series of Bi3+ single-doped and Bi3+/Er3+ co-doped YNbO4 phosphors with various concentrations of Bi3+ ions were prepared by a conventional high temperature solid-state reaction method. The results of XRD and Rietveld refinement confirmed that monoclinic phase YNbO4 samples were achieved. The down-/up-conversion luminescence of Er3+ ions were investigated under the excitation of ultraviolet light (327 nm) and near infrared light (980 nm). Under 327 nm excitation, broad visible emission band from Bi3+ ions and characteristic green emission peaks from Er3+ ions were simultaneously observed, while only strong green emissions from Er3+ ions were detected upon excitation of 980 nm. Remarkable emission enhancement was observed in down-/up-conversion luminescence processes by introducing Bi3+ ions into Er3+-doped YNbO4 phosphors. By analyzing the laser working current dependent up-conversion luminescence spectra, two-photon processes were confirmed to be responsible for both the green and the red up-conversion emissions of Er3+ ion. The temperature sensing property of Er3+ was studied by using the temperature dependent up-conversion luminescence spectra and it was found that the temperature sensitivity was sensitive to the doping concentration of Bi3+ ions. By comparing the experimental values of the radiative transition rate ratio of the two green emission levels of Er3+ ions and the theoretical values calculated by Judd-Ofelt (J-O) theory, it was concluded that energy level splitting had significant influences on the temperature sensing property of Er3+ ions.
Pleurotus Ostreatus β-glucan Alleviates Cyclophosphamide-induced Immunosuppression by Regulating Gut Microbiota in Mice
Authors: Shao Yalu , Zhong Hua , Pérez-Ponce Alejandro , Chen Deli , Zhong Lei
Published: September 2020

BackgroundImmunosuppression has given a serious threat to human health and can induce gut microbial dysbiosis. Pleurotus ostreatus (P. ostreatus) β-glucan (POG) with an average molecular weight of 214.5 kDa, mainly consisting of 95.72 mol% glucose by β-(1→3) linkages, can probably act as promising probiotics to modulate gut microbiota for relieving immunosuppression.ResultsIn this study, based on a mouse model of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression, we found that high dose of POG (HPOG, 0.9 g/kg bodyweight) could stimulate immune response by increasing the concentrations of cytokines and immunoglobulins in serum. After administration of POG, the pathological damages to spleen and thymus were recovered in immunosuppressed mice, accompanied with an improved intestinal mucosal barrier maintained by tight junction proteins. Additionally, HPOG enriched short chain fatty acids and restored gut microbiota composition in immunosuppressed mice. Specifically, HPOG-mediated genera, including Intestinimonas (OTU185, OTU232), Bacteroides (OTU002, OTU034) and Barnesiella (OTU046), were found to have significant Spearman's correlation with the recovery of immune function and intestinal mucosal barrier.ConclusionsThese findings suggested that POG had the potential to protect mice from immunosuppression by “drugging the gut microbiota”.
A Ten Years Retrospective Study of Hysterectomy in Goba Referral Hospital, Bale Zone, South East Ethiopia, Magnitude Indications and Outcomes
Authors: Getachew Aklilu , Mengistu Takele , Asres Yaregal
Published: September 2020

Background: Hysterectomy is one of the major surgeries performed in clinical practice for commonly encountered diseases of the female genital tract worldwide. Even if Hysterectomy is widely performed surgery in both developed and low income countries little is known about is epidemiology in rural part of develop countries. Especially in developing countries like Ethiopia representative reliable statistics are rarely available on this important aspect of women’s health mainly on its prevalence, indication and outcome. So the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude indication and outcome of hysterectomy in Goba Referral Hospital from January 1, 2008 to January1, 2018. Methods: institutional based retrospective study was conducted in Goba Referral Hospital. Self-administered structured checklists were used to collect the data. The data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Continuous and categorical variables were summarized by tables, graph and descriptive statistics. Logistic regression was used to determine association between predictors and Hysterectomy prevalence. P-value <0.05 was -considered as statistically significant. Results: a total of 200 hysterectomies were done for obstetrics and gynecology indications, of which the commonest, 47% (n=94), indication was uterine rupture. From the total of 116 women, who had no antenatal care follow up, 40% (n=47) had uterine rupture. This study also indicated that, most of uterine rupture cases 80% (n=76) were living far away from the hospital (> 50km from the hospital) 94.6% (n-89) were multiparous. This study has also indicated that from the total of 20 discharged dead, 90% (n=18)) were came from a distance of >100km far from the hospital and 95% (n=19) were those who didn’t attend antenatal care. Conclusions: the higher rate of uterine rupture was seen in those who were multi Para, far from Hospitals and those who have no ANC follow up. Large scale study for the identification of determinant factors for evidence based intervention will be very important.
In My Opinion: Illiteracy and the New Technologies
Authors: Ungerleider Charles
Published: September 2020

None
The Long Slow Road to Technical Standards
Authors: Wyman Raymond
Published: September 2020

None
Book Reviews
Authors: Misanchuk Earl
Published: September 2020

None
Some Effects of Logo With Emotionally Disturbed Children
Authors: Michayluk J. O. , Saklofske D. H.
Published: September 2020

None
An Analysis of Discipline and Personality in Blended Environments
Authors: Tik Chan Chang
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the study is to investigate the interaction between discipline and personality in a blended classroom using the community of inquiry model. To this end, a factorial ANOVA is used to determine the main effects of the high and low of each personality trait as well as the four different clusters of discipline on the presences. The study used a non-experimental design to gather data. A total of 12 lecturers and 408 students from three institutions were involved. The results indicate that there is a significant difference in teaching presence between the hard-applied and hard-pure as well as the hard-applied and soft-pure disciplines only for the conscientiousness personality. Correspondingly, there is a significant difference in social presence between the hard-applied and soft-pure disciplines across all the five personality traits. However, there is no significant difference in cognitive presence for all the discipline clusters across all the personality traits.
Does the Association of Social Media Use with Problematic Internet Behaviours Predict Undergraduate Students Academic Procrastination?
Authors: Nwosu Kingsley Chinaza , Ikwuka O. I. , Ugorji Onyinyechi Mary , Unachukwu Gabriel Chidi
Published: September 2020

Researchers are of the view that students’ attachment to social media may lead to negative consequences such as postponement of their academic work. Yet how social media use is associated with academic procrastination of students is still underexplored. This study ascertained the pathways through which social media use predicted academic procrastination of undergraduate students. The sample size comprised 500 year one students of the Faculty of Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Path analysis was employed to test the model fit of the hypothetical model and show the direction of relationships between the exogenous and endogenous variables. Results showed that the hypothesized model fits the sample data satisfactorily, and Internet addiction predicted academic procrastination more than any other variable. Social media use had no significant effect on academic procrastination but indirectly significantly predicted academic procrastination through internet addiction.
Online Learning: Practices, Perceptions, and Technology
Authors: Miller Tess , MacLaren Kendra , Xu Han
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine factors influencing online learning given its rapid growth combined with the necessity to reduce attrition in online classes by providing quality instruction. This study was contextualized using the three elements of the community of inquiry (CoI) framework. We surveyed 93 students currently registered in online classes about their online learning experiences, perceptions, technological delivery of their course. Findings revealed that the majority of online courses were asynchronous using Moodle. There was a statistically significant difference between the three CoI dimensions and level of education where graduate students had more favourable online learning experience as measured by the CoI survey.
Impact of COVID-19 on Indian Economy
Authors: Rana Bharti
Published: September 2020

As the global economy is falling into a phenomenal recession due to COVID-19 (coronavirus) which is rapidly spreading across the World, health Services worldwide are increasingly abashed, also leads India into an arduous situation. The country’s growth rate has also reduced by 1.9% by International Monetary Fund from 5.8% for 2020-21. Businesses are in stress for their profit and trying to cover the operational cost, wondering if they will have customers which make them able to pay their employees. The informal sector especially the labourers are hurt the most as their wages are disappeared. Banks are realising, especially for small and medium sized (MSMEs), companies will default and that is why trying to protect the financial stability. Investors are in big confusion and badly hit in this situation. Meanwhile, the government of India is engaged to examine the impact of COVID-19 and improvising the tools to save economies from collapse. They know it well that this is unpalatable time, it will be known in the future only with the decision taken today.
MSMEs in COVID-19 Crisis and India’s Economic Relief Package: A Critical Review
Authors: Dubey Pushkar , Sahu Kailash Kumar
Published: September 2020

MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise) are the backbone of Indian economy as it contributes more than 30% in the India’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product). The present research studies the current conditions of MSMEs amid corona virus crisis and the economic relief package, specifically for MSMEs, entitled as “Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Dependent India)” in order to revive the business activities of MSMEs. Critical review of the economic package and modification needed in terms of MSMEs issues in the further announcements were discussed in this paper. Former RBI (Reserve Bank of India) governor Raghuram Rajan and Nobel Prize winner in economics Prof. Abhijit Banerjee has also contributed in the discussion in order to revive the Indian economy.
COVID-19 Knowledge, attitude and prevention practice in southwest Nigeria
Authors: Eniade Olanrewaju Davies , Agbana Dolapo E. , Afam Bridget O
Published: September 2020

To assess COVID-19 knowledge, attitude and prevention practice as well as the associated factors among people living in Southwest, Nigeria. This was an online cross-sectional study among dwellers of southwest Nigeria. Data were collected online with kobo toolbox and analyzed using descriptive statistics, test of independence and binary logistic regression. Of the 286 study participants, 96.1% had good knowledge, 99.3% had positive attitude towards control of COVID-19, while 77.3% had good practices for prevention of the virus. Majority of the participants (86.9%) had tertiary education, 11.3% were 40years or older. Age and education were independently associated with COVID-19 prevention practice. After adjustment for some selected socio-demographic factors, only age of 10 – 19 years (OR: 3.83, CI: 1.05, 14), age 20-29 years (OR: 2.99, CI: 1.18 -7.55), and 30 -39 years (OR: 4.35, CI: 1.49-12.67) were more likely to have good practice of COVID-19 prevention compared to age >=40 years. The result revealed a high prevalence of good practices, and majority had good knowledge of COVID-19 and positive attitude towards control of COVID-19. Age and education were identified to be associated with practice of COVID-19 prevention. While further exploration revealed that elders (>=40years) were not likely to have good practice of COVID-19 prevention. We deduced that good practice of COVID-19 prevention was high in southwest Nigeria but notably low among elders and those who attained below tertiary education in southwest Nigeria. However, people of older age and poor education should be given much attention for proper enlightening and prevention strategies in this pandemic.
Regulation of Electrolyte Permeability by Herbal Monomers in Edematous Disorders
Authors: Cui Yong , Hou Yapeng , Zhang Honglei , Liu Yanhong , Mao Kejun , Nie Hongguang , Ding Yan
Published: September 2020

Edema is a gradual accumulation of fluid in the interstitial tissues or luminal cavities, which is regulated by ion transport pathways and reflects dysfunction of fluid and salt homeostasis. Increasing evidence suggests that some herbal monomers significantly reduce organ/tissue edema. In this review, we briefly summarized the electrolyte permeability involved in pathomechanisms of organ edema, and the benefits of herbal monomers on ionic transport machinery, including Na+-K+-ATPase, Na+ and Cl- channels, Na+-K+-2Cl- co-transporter, etc. Pharmaceutical relevance is implicated in developing advanced strategies to mitigate edematous disorders. In conclusion, the natural herbal monomers regulate electrolyte permeability in many edematous disorders, and further basic and clinical studies are needed.
Molecular Hydrogen Application in Stroke: Bench to Bedside
Authors: Huang Lei , Lenahan Cameron , Boling Warren , Tang Jiping , Zhang John H.
Published: September 2020

Stroke is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Effective treatments are limited. Molecular hydrogen is emerging as a novel medical gas with therapeutic potential for various neurological diseases, including stroke. We reviewed the experimental and clinical findings of the effects of molecular hydrogen therapy in stroke patients and models. The underlying neuroprotective mechanisms against stroke pathology were also discussed.
Role of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology: Current Trends and Perspectives
Authors: Deng Jielin , Jiang Hong
Published: September 2020

:

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) comprise a large family of ligand-gated ion
channels that have a broad distribution in neurons and non-neuronal cells throughout the body. Native
nAChRs, activated by acetylcholine (ACh) endogenously, are involved in a variety of physiological
and pathophysiological processes. They regulate processes necessary for network operations
through neurotransmitter release, cell excitability and neuronal integration.

:

Emerging evidence suggests that nAChRs are capable of regulating cardiovascular (CV) functions
in a cell type-specific manner, through the nervous system and non-neuronal tissues. The aim of
this review is to describe the most recent findings regarding the role of nAChRs inside and outside
the nervous system in the regulation of CV activities.
Biodegradable Nanoparticles: A Recent Approach and Applications
Authors: Patil Vijay , Patel Asha
Published: September 2020

Biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) are the novel carriers for the administration of drug
molecules. Biodegradable nanoparticles have become popular recently because of their special features
such as targeted delivery of drugs, improved bioavailability, and better therapeutic effectiveness
to administer the drug at a constant rate. Polymeric NPs are very small-sized polymeric colloidal
elements in which a drug of interest may be encapsulated or incorporated in their polymeric network
or conjugated or adsorbed on the layer. Various polymers are employed in the manufacturing
of nanoparticles, some of the frequently employed polymers are agents, chitosan, cellulose, gelatin,
gliadin, polylactic acid, polylactic-co-glycolic acid, and pullulan. Nanoparticles have been progressively
explored for the delivery of targeted ARVs to cells of HIV-infected and have performed the
prolonged kinetic release. Drug embedded in this system can give better effectiveness, diminished
resistance of drugs, reduction in systemic toxicity and symptoms, and also enhanced patient compliance.
The present review highlights the frequently employed manufacturing methods for
biodegradable nanoparticles, various polymers used, and its application in anti-retroviral therapy.
Also, common evaluation parameters to check the purity of nanoparticles, ongoing and recently
concluded clinical trials and patents filled by the various researchers, and the future implication of
biodegradable NPs in an innovative drug delivery system are described. The biodegradable NPs are
promising systems for the administration of a broad variety of drugs including anti-retroviral
drugs, and hence biodegradable nanoparticles can be employed in the future for the treatment of
several diseases and disorders.
Role of Novel Drug Delivery Systems in Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19): Time to Act Now
Authors: Mittal Neeraj , Garg Varun , Bhadada Sanjay Kumar , Katare Om Prakash
Published: September 2020

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has found its roots from Wuhan (China).
COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2, previously named as 2019-nCoV. It has
spread across the globe and was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO)
on 11th March, 2020. Currently, there is no standard drug or vaccine available for the treatment,
therefore, repurposing of existing drugs is the only solution. Novel Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS)
will be boon for the repurposing of drugs. The role of various NDDS in repurposing of existing
drugs for the treatment of various viral diseases and their relevance in COVID-19 has been discussed
in this paper. It focuses on the currently ongoing research in the implementation of NDDS
in COVID-19. Moreover, it describes the role of NDDS in vaccine development for COVID-19.
This paper also emphasizes how NDDS will help to develop the improved delivery systems
(dosage forms) of existing therapeutic agents and also explore the new insights to find out the void
spaces for potential targeted delivery. Therefore, in these tough times, NDDS and nanotechnology
can be a safeguard to humanity.
Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Scaffold Delivers Salvianolic Acid B to Promote Bone Regeneration in a Rat Cranial Defect Model
Authors: Wu Lin , Wei Zhanying , He Siyu , Bi Yunlong , Cao Yang , Wang Wei
Published: September 2020

Background:

Mesoporous Bioactive Glass (MBG) has been widely studied because of
its excellent histocompatibility and degradability. However, due to the lack of good osteoinductive
activity, the pure MBG scaffold is not effective in repairing large-scale bone defects.

Objective:

To observe the repair effect of MBG scaffolds delivering salvianolic acid B (SB) on critical bone defects in rats.

Method:

In this study, MBG scaffolds were used as delivery vehicle. SB, a small molecular active
drug with good osteogenic differentiation ability, was loaded into the MBG scaffolds at low, medium
and high doses. The effect of SB released from the MBG scaffolds on osteogenic differentiation
of rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (rBMSCs) was investigated using alkaline phosphatase
staining, alizarin red staining and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Moreover,
8 weeks after implantation of the scaffolds, the bone regeneration was evaluated by micro-
CT, sequential fluorescence labeling and histological staining analysis.

Results:

The in vitro results showed that different doses of SB had similar release rate from scaffolds and could be released
from scaffolds continuously. The middle dose (MBG/MSB) and high dose (MBG/HSB) groups significantly promoted the
osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs when compared with low dose (MBG/LSB) group. Moreover, SB produced significant increases in newly formed bone of calvarial bone defects in rats.

Conclusion:

It is concluded that the use of MBG scffolds delivering SB is an effective strategy for
the treatment of bone defects.
The Use of Cyclodextrin or its Complexes as a Potential Treatment Against the 2019 Novel Coronavirus: A Mini-Review
Authors: Fatmi Sofiane , Taouzinet Lamia , Skiba Mohamed , Iguer-Ouada Mokrane
Published: September 2020

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 has spread rapidly since its discovery in December 2019 in the Chinese province of Hubei, reaching this day all the continents. This scourge is, unfortunately, in lineage with various dangerous outbreaks such as Ebola, Cholera, Spanish flu, American seasonal flu. Until today, the best solution for the moment remains prevention (Social distancing, hand disinfection, use of masks, partial or total sanitary containment, etc.); there is also the emergence of drug treatment (research and development, clinical trials, use on patients). Recent reviews emphasized the role of membrane lipids in the infectivity mechanism of SARS-COV-2. Cholesterol-rich parts of cell membranes serve as docking places of host cells for the viruses. Coronavirus 2 is a member of a virus family with lipid envelope that fuses with host cell through endocytosis, internalizing its components in the cell. In vitro cell models have shown that depletion of cholesterol by cyclodextrin, and particularly methyl beta cyclodextrin disturb the host cell membrane lipid composition this way, reducing the attachment of the virus to the protein receptors. This review aims to summarize the state of the art of research concerning the use of cyclodextrin or its complexes as a potential treatment against this new virus and update work already published.