bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variability of fiber content in the stems of different varieties of fiber flax
Authors: Rozhmina T. A. , Yanyshina A. A.
Published: August 2023

The analysis of experimental data on the evaluation of seed lots of fiber flax of domestic varieties for genetic uniformity by the method of soil control according to the trait "fiber content in the stem" for the period from 1953 to 2022 was carried out. Seed material for evaluation was obtained from breeding and seed-growing institutions in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.

   The purpose of the research was to assess the level of variability of the trait "fiber content in the stems" of fiber flax and the effectiveness of domestic breeding in this direction for 70 years.

   Using the Svetoch variety as an example, it was shown that the differences between seed lots (from 4 to 11 lots of various scientific institutions were estimated annually) based on the results of 13 years of testing ranged from 0.4 to 2.5 abs. percent within one year, the coefficient of variation was from 0.52 to 3.14 %, which indicated the high stability of this trait. At the same time, the value of the trait in this variety, depending on the growing conditions for the period from 1953 to 1972 ranged from 27.9 to 35.4 %, the coefficient of variation on average over 20 years was 6.8 %, the average value of the trait was 31.7 %. In variety Tomsky 18, for the period of testing from 1993 to 2022, the value of the trait was in the range from 25.5 to 35.0 % (Cv = 8.4 %). The biological potential of modern varieties of fiber flax – Krom, A-29, Diplomat, Cesar, Visit and Tomsky 17 made it possible to obtain a fiber content in the stem in some years at the level of 38.1...39.8 %, with an average value of the trait – 32.8…35.2 % (Cv = 9.6…14.9 %). The highest and most stable fiber content in the stem of 36 studied modern domestic varieties of fiber flax was found in Sursky variety, in which the value of the trait on average over the years of testing was 34.5 %, the coefficient of variation was 6.4 %, which indicated a high level of adaptability.
Dynamics of honey productivity of Robinia pseudoacacia L. standsof the steppe Don region
Authors: Samsonova I. D. , Sattarov V. N. , Ilyasov R. A. , Plahova A. A.
Published: August 2023

The lands of the forest fund on the territory of the steppe Don region are distinguished by a significant spread over the area of the main melliferous plant Robinia pseudoacacia (R. Pseudoacaci L.), which has a high bioresource potential for the honey collection of the Rostov region. The objectives of the research included identifying the features of the honey productivity of R. pseudoacacia plantations, depending on the dynamics of taxation indicators and forest conditions in the steppe Don region. In order to study changes in the honey productivity of Robinia plantations, accounting work was carried out in pure and mixed stands in each age group. The relationship of the studied indicator of Robinia forest stand with taxation characteristics and growing conditions was revealed. The highest honey productivity (347.5 kg/ha) is observed in pure Robinia forest stands in the forest growing conditions of fresh glague - sedge oak groves, where at the age of 50 there is an intensive flowering of trees (80.060 thousand pieces) and active release of sugar in nectar (2.48 mg). According to the observations, the density of the forest stand decreases with age, and the number of flowers on the trees increases. The results of the research showed that at the age of 40 years, the honey productivity of a hectare of Robin plantations reaches its maximum (586.3 kg/ha). The equations for the dependence of honey productivity on the taxation characteristics of R. pseudoacacia plantations and the obtained high correlation coefficients indicate a close relationship between the studied indicators. The data obtained will make it possible in the future to calculate the honey productivity of Robinia forest stands more accurately, taking into account the dynamics of their taxation indicators.
The use of high humidity disperse fraction of jerusalem artichoke developed by its processing into alcohol in the food extrusion technology
Authors: Sharikov A. Yu. , Turshatov M. V. , Amelyakina M. V. , Solovyev A. O. , Abramova I. M.
Published: August 2023

The chemical composition and agrotechnical characteristics of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) determine the wide prospects for its use in various branches of the processing industry, including food biotechnology.

   The aim of the study was to determine the possibility to use Jerusalem artichoke processed products from various stages of alcohol production in native form without drying in the technology of extruded products and to assess the impact of the raw material selection stage on extrusion modes and quality indicators of the finished product.

   In the course of the experimental work, Jerusalem artichoke tubers were processed into alcohol, samples of the high-moisture dispersed fraction of Jerusalem artichoke were taken from different stages of the process. These fractions were added in an amount of 15 % without pre-drying into the mixture for extrusion based on rice groats. The obtained extrudates were dried and their structural-mechanical, color characteristics and nutritional value were determined. The control sample was without the addition of Jerusalem artichoke additives. It has been established that during the extrusion of test samples, compared with the control, the expansion index and the number of microfractures significantly decrease. These data show that with the addition of Jerusalem artichoke fractions, the samples become less porous, their crispness decreases. The expansion index of all experimental samples decreased by 42-49 %. The maximum hardness of 22.9 N, which is 56 % higher than the control value, was noted for a sample with a fraction taken after the fermentation stage. The use of food additives of Jerusalem artichoke from the stages of hydromechanical processing and after fermentation, added in the amount of 15 % to the mixture for extrusion, significantly, by 52-61 %, increased the content of dietary fiber. More promising is the use of Jerusalem artichoke as an ingredient after a full cycle of its processing into alcohol, which makes it possible to enrich the product with microbiological protein of alcohol yeast biomass and increase the total protein content.
Application of convolutional neural network for monitoring the condition of strawberries
Authors: Kutyrev A. I. , Filippov R. A.
Published: August 2023

The article proposes a method for improving the accuracy of diagnosing calcium deficiency in strawberry plants, suggests the use of machine learning algorithms, such as convolutional neural networks (CNN), which makes it possible to train a model on a data set for qualitative detection of signs of calcium deficiency in the leaves. A dataset of images of healthy leaves and leaves with signs of calcium deficiency was collected, the method of artificially increasing the volume of the training sample (image augmentation) was applied, by horizontal and vertical reflection of objects in the images, rotation by a given angle and random addition of «noise». To train a convolutional neural network, an algorithm for obtaining RGB images using a robotic platform is proposed. A modern model of the YOLOv7 neural network was used as a means of detecting the signs of calcium deficiency in the leaves of strawberry in the images. The configuration of the YOLOv7 machine learning algorithm for recognizing areas of damage to strawberry leaves caused by calcium deficiency has been determined. To train the YOLOv7 model, the Transfer learning method was used. To assess the quality of the object recognition algorithms, the metric mAP (mean average precision) – 0.454 was used, the metric F1-score (F-measure) – 0.53, the average absolute error (Mean Absolute Percentage Error, MAPE) of the analyzed model of the YOLOv7 neural network was calculated. The analysis of the results showed that the YOLOv7 model recognized the «Calciuemdeficiency» class, with a MAPE index equal to 7.52 %. The analysis of the research results showed that timely monitoring of the condition of garden strawberries on an industrial plantation carried out using a wheeled robotic platform with the use of the YOLOv7 convolutional neural network for processing the data obtained will allow to determine calcium deficiency in the leaves of strawberry plants with high accuracy up to 94.43 % at the early stages of pathology development.
Comparative Analysis of Student Understanding Levels Using Lecture, Group Discussion and Information Technology- Based Methods of Postpartum Care Education at 'Aisyiyah University Surakarta
Authors: Siska Ningtyas Prabasari  , Maulina Rufidah , Saputro Indrawan Ady
Published: August 2023

Postpartum care is one of the most essential subjects in midwifery program which student needs to obtain. This provides students with abilities based on concepts, attitudes, skills and the results of critical thinking as well as an evidence base in practice. This study aims to analyze the comparison of students' understanding levels using information technology-based, lecture and group discussion methods about postpartum care education at 'aisyiyah Surakarta University, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used was data collection ,form of interviews and questionnaires, related to midwifery care material/competencies using lecture, group discussion and information technology-based methods with a total of 37 students as respondents. Calculation the level of understanding using a Likert Scale, Validity Test (T-count, T-table) and Reliability Test, to find out the results of a comparison of learning models with lecture,  group discussion and information technology-based methods. Results : The level of understanding using the lecture method is 81%, 94% in the group discussion method and 100% in information technology-based methods. Conclusion : It can be concluded that the learning model which is most in demand by students and has a strongly high level of comprehension was using information technology-based methods.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gula terhadap Sifat Fisikokimia dan Sensori Biskuit Labu Kuning (Cucurbita Moschata)
Authors: Agus Theresia Felita , Magdalena Stella , Lestari Diana
Published: August 2023

Biscuit is a snack based on wheat flour. Excessive use of wheat flour makes an increasing import of wheat from other countries. as a solution is to use yellow pumpkin flour for substitution. Yellow pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) contains high protein, fiber, and also β-carotene as a source of antioxidants. Yellow pumpkin flours were mixed with wheat flour in 3 ratios. The ratio of pumpkin flour and wheat flour are 2:3, 1:1, and 3:2 and also divided into 2 sugar contents, which are 120 g and 60 g. Water content analysis result was 2,57%, which has met SNI requirements with the maximum at 4%. The most preferred biscuit was 2:3 sample with 60 g sugar. Yellow pumpkin biscuits were acceptable in the organoleptic test. The higher yellow pumpkin flour concentration, the color was darker and the texture was easy to break. Proximate analysis for the best formulation was 57,11% carbohydrate, 6,93% protein, 28,68% for fat, water content 4,78% and ash content 2,50%. The total energy was 514 Calories/100 g value and the energy from fat was 258 Calories/100 g.

Biskuit merupakan salah satu makanan ringan berbasis tepung terigu. Tingginya penggunaan tepung terigu meningkatkan impor gandum dari negara lain. Sebagai salah satu solusinya adalah penggunaan tepung labu kuning. Labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata) merupakan tanaman yang tinggi serat dan protein serta beta karoten sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 ratio tepung labu kuning : tepung terigu sebesar 2:3, 1:1, 3:2 dan dengan dua konsentrasi gula yaitu 120 g dan 60 g. Analisis kadar air menghasilkan nilai dengan rata-rata 2,57% dimana telah memenuhi SNI yaitu maksimum 4%. Hasil organoleptik menyatakan biskuit dengan  perbandingan 2:3 dan gula 60 g paling disukai. Tepung labu kuning dalam formulasi biskuit dapat diterima secara organoleptik oleh masyarakat. Hasil analisis warna dan daya patah menunjukkan penggunaan tepung labu kuning tinggi menyebabkan warna gelap dan mudah patah. Analisis proksimat pada formulasi terbaik menunjukkan 57,11% karbohidrat, 6,93 % protein, dan 28,68% lemak. Kandungan kadar air 4,78%, dan kadar abu 2,50%. Energi total adalah 514 Kalori /100g dan energi dari lemak menunjukkan hasil 258 Kalori/100g.
Optimasi Proses Isolasi Antosianin Bunga Rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) untuk Implementasi Pangan Tinggi Antioksidan
Authors: Resma Prima Sukmana , Septiawan Tri Sutrisno  , Mardiah
Published: August 2023

Ekstrak kelopak bunga rosela merupakan sumber bahan antosianin yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antioksidan pada industri produk makanan, minuman dan juga kosmetika. Kelopak bunga rosela dapat dengan mudah dilakukan ekstraksi dengan menggunakan air. Namun demikian, untuk tetap bisa menjaga antosianin dalam jumlah yang optimal proses ekstraksi juga harus mempertimbangkan faktor yang mempengaruhinya seperti cahaya, suhu, logam, dan oksigen. Pemilihan metode ekstraksi bunga rosela didasarkan pada tujuan untuk memperoleh kandungan antioksidan yang tinggi. Penggunaan pektinase dan selulase dapat meningkatkan kadar antosianin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi optimal penggunaan asam sitrat dan natrium metabisulfit pada proses ekstraksi kelopak bunga rosela dengan menggunakan enzim pektinase : selulase : papain (2:2:1) sebanyak 1000 ppm pada suhu 50°C selama 10 menit dengan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) yang meliputi respon terhadap kadar antosianin, derajat keasaman (pH) dan total padatan terlarut. Hasil optimasi didapatkan bahwa penggunaan 1% asam sitrat dan 30% natrium metabisulfite dapat menghasilkan kadar antosianin hingga 1541,650 mg/ liter.
Pengenalan Desain Pembelajaran Flip Classroom untuk Meningkatkan Efektivitas Pembelajaran Pasca Pandemi
Authors: Trisnowati Eli
Published: August 2023

Pelaksanaan kegiatan belajar mengajar selalu mengalami perubahan khususnya pembelajaran pascapandemi yang menuntut siswa dan guru untuk beradaptasi terhadap proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan. Hal ini menyebabkan guru tidak fokus dalam mendesain pembelajaran untuk dapat membekali keterampilan abad 21 pada siswa dan siswa masih sulit untuk beradaptasi dengan materi dan waktu pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil analisis di lapangan maka dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berupa pengenalan pembelajaran flip classroom. Desain pembelajaran flip classroom dilatihkan untuk dapat meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran pascapandemi dalam aspek waktu dan capaian pembelajaran. Kegiatan ini menggunakan metode partisipasi dan diskusi, serta praktek desain pembelajaran. Pelaksanaan program pengabdian ini mencakup beberapa tahap kegiatan yakni tahap persiapan materi, tahap pelaksanaan program dan tahap evaluasi kegiatan. Pelaksanaan program dilakukan di SMP N 2 Magelang dalam forum musyawarah guru mata pelajaran (MGMP) IPA Kota Magelang dengan 33 orang guru. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan secara umum bernilai baik baik kebermaknaan program maupun respon terhadap materi dan penguasaan materi tim pengabdian.
Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Blended Learning Berbasis Moodle dalam Pembelajaran Matematika di SMP Negeri 1 Magelang dan SMP Negeri 2 Magelang
Authors: Fatih 'Adna Syita
Published: August 2023

Entering the new normal era, Mathematics learning is carried out using blended learning. However, in its implementation so far it has not run optimally. Discussions held online were not well facilitated, materials were only sent via whatsapp groups, and documentation was not good. Mathematics learning should be presented in an attractive manner by utilizing learning technology in accordance with the times. One of the platforms that can be used is the Moodle platform, which can be implemented simultaneously for face-to-face learning and online learning. Through Moodle, teachers can provide materials, videos, assignments, and quizzes that students can access anytime and anywhere, and create discussion forums with their students. Students who find it difficult to learn mathematics can ask the forum according to the topic of discussion. Thus, it is necessary to hold service activities in the form of training and mentoring of Moodle-based blended learning in learning mathematics at SMP Negeri 1 Magelang and SMP Negeri 2 Magelang. The purpose of this service activity is to provide training and mentoring for Moodle-based blended learning in mathematics learning at SMP Negeri 1 Magelang and SMP Negeri 2 Magelang as an innovation in learning mathematics. The target of this service is to transfer the science and technology of junior high school learning innovations to teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Magelang and SMP Negeri 2 Magelang in the form of training and mentoring, in the form of: (1) introduction to the Moodle platform and its features, (2) training in making teaching materials, assignments, quizzes, and videos using the Moodle platform, and (3) mentoring the use of Moodle in junior high school learning. The methods used in this service are lecture, question and answer, and practice methods. Service activities are carried out for 4 months in several stages, namely planning, implementing, evaluating, and reporting the results of service activities. The result of community service activities is an increase in skills using the Moodle platform for mathematics teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Magelang and SMP Negeri 2 Magelang in blended learning-based Mathematics learning.
Pendampingan Belajar Anak Berbasis Living Values Education Program Melalui Smart Kids Bimbel di Kentolan Lor Guwosari Pajangan
Authors: Fitriyawati Listia
Published: August 2023

Ada beberapa upaya yang bisa dilakukan untuk mendapatkan sebuah pendidikan. Tidak hanya menempuh pendidikan secara formal saja, akan tetapi pendidikan secara non-formal juga bisa menjadi opsi yang dapat ditempuh untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Salah satu pendidikan non-formal yang dapat diikuti anak anak adalah bimbingan belajar diluar jam belajar sekolah (Bimbel). Bimbingan belajar menjadi upaya yang dilakukan oleh orang tua untuk mengatasi permasalahan pendidikan pada anak. Ada banyak lembaga bimbingan belajar yang sudah tersebar luas saat ini. Namun, tidak semua anak dapat mengikuti bimbingan belajar tersebut. Hal tersebut terjadi pada beberapa anak di Dusun Kentolan Lor Kecamatan Pajangan yang yang tidak mengikuti bimbingan belajar karena biaya bimbel yang mahal dan letak bimbel yang berada di pusat perkotaan. Berdasarkan fakta tersebut, mahasiswa prodi PGSD yang mengikuti program kerja KKN Tematik Matching Fund Universitas Alma Ata melaksanakan kegiatan pendampingan belajar melalui Smart Kids Bimbel di Dusun Kentolan Lor Kecamatan Pajangan. Kegiatan bimbel dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Living Values Education Program (LVEP). Tujuan dari kegiatan ini untuk meningkatkan prestasi akademik, motivasi belajar anak, dan menanamkan karakter anak melalui aktivitas moral yang menyenangkan mencakup dua belas nilai universal melalui program LVEP. Kegiatan pendampingan belajar Smart Kids Bimbel berlangsung selama dua bulan pada bulan Oktober hingga Desember tahun 2022, dengan jadwal pelaksanaan setiap hari minggu pukul 15.00. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan setiap satu minggu sekali ini mencakup kegiatan pendampingan belajar, belajar bersama, bermain permainan tradisional, bernyanyi, bermain kuis, serta pembentukan karakter melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Living Values Education.
“¿Falta cariño en Chile?” Discursos sobre el amor y “abandono materno” en las adopciones “irregulares” de niñas y niños pobres en la dictadura militar chilena
Authors: Alfaro Monsalve Karen , Salvo Agoglia Irene
Published: August 2023

En este artículo se analizan los usos políticos y morales del discurso del amor materno en la promoción y gestión de las adopciones “irregulares” de niñas y niños pobres durante la dictadura militar chilena. Dicha coyuntura propició el desarrollo de prácticas adoptivas irregulares, principalmente hacia el extranjero, en cuyas gestiones se utilizó el discurso de la ausencia del amor materno y del abandono con el fin de separar a las madres de origen pobres de sus hijas e hijos, vulnerando su derecho a cuidarlos. Mediante el análisis de fuentes documentales de instituciones públicas y de prensa, se examinan y discuten los discursos públicos construidos en el marco de las políticas públicas de la época, con el objetivo de regular las moralidades y reforzar los mandatos de género y familia conservadores del régimen.
Madres-Abuelas. Apuntes sobre la formación histórica de Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo
Authors: Laino Sanchis Fabricio Andrés
Published: August 2023

En este artículo abordaremos el proceso de formación histórica de Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo. Reconstruiremos los orígenes del núcleo primigenio de “madres-abuelas” como una “subcomisión de abuelas” dentro de Madres de Plaza de Mayo. Analizaremos las diferentes alternativas que se plantearon en su derrotero y los factores que coadyuvaron a la progresiva autonomización del grupo y su transformación final en una agrupación independiente abocada de manera específica a la causa por la restitución de los “niños desaparecidos” que, a su vez, logró transformar este reclamo en un problema público en la esfera pública nacional (y, hasta cierto punto, internacional). Veremos también otras iniciativas de acción colectiva que fueron sincrónicas (o, incluso, anteriores) a la formación de Abuelas, tanto en la región metropolitana de Buenos Aires como en otras localidades del país. Si bien estas iniciativas no se sostuvieron en el tiempo, nos permitirán observar el carácter contingente y procesual de la conformación de Abuelas como la principal (y casi exclusiva) referente en la búsqueda de los “niños desaparecidos”.
De nación, erudición y racismo
Authors: Villanueva Criales Juan
Published: August 2023

Este artículo recorre la narrativa arqueológica de “aloctonismo racial” desarrollada por Belisario Díaz Romero en Bolivia entre 1904 y 1925. Se resume la biografía del autor y se disecciona la narrativa, resaltando sus ideas centrales y relacionándolas con el estado de las discusiones de su época. Se plantea que Díaz Romero, erudito y fanático de la “ciencia positiva”, incorporó selectivamente a su narrativa argumentos –algunos para entonces ya obsoletos- procedentes de varias disciplinas científicas sociales y naturales. Se analizan las estrategias del autor en el contexto político-intelectual de su época, relacionando su narrativa con el auge del “estado oligárquico” liberal; se propone que el alocotonismo racial, al glorificar a un Tiwanaku prehispánico “blanco” y emplazar a los ancestros de los indígenas contemporáneos como agentes destructivos, era funcional a los objetivos del estado-nación boliviano. Finalmente, se pondera el impacto de las nociones raciológicas de Díaz Romero sobre Arthur Posnansky y, mediante este último, sobre la arqueología boliviana de los años 30 y 40.
Propuesta metodológica para el estudio de la variabilidad en el uso de fuentes líticas (campo volcánico Pali Aike, Patagonia argentina)
Authors: Pallo María Cecilia , Criado Axel , Cirigliano Natalia Andrea
Published: August 2023

La roca de grano fino oscura tipo Potrok Aike (RGFO PKA) fue la más utilizada por los cazadores-recolectores para confeccionar artefactos en el campo volcánico Pali Aike (CVPA), Patagonia meridional. A pesar de la importancia regional del recurso lítico, su distribución natural se restringe principalmente al interfluvio Gallegos-Chico, por lo que es un sector clave para comprender las estrategias de obtención y uso de la materia prima. En este trabajo se evalúa la existencia de variaciones en el aprovisionamiento directo de la RGFO PKA en una porción del interfluvio. Para ello elaboramos una propuesta metodológica que incluye análisis de redes y otros procedimientos estadísticos con el fin de jerarquizar las fuentes del área de estudio a partir de las variaciones en los tiempos de viaje y la probabilidad de éxito en la obtención de la roca. Los resultados alcanzados permiten establecer implicancias variables en las decisiones tecnológicas y los modos de uso del espacio para los distintos sectores del área de estudio. Esta propuesta tiene el potencial de ser replicada en escalas mayores y para otras materias primas líticas.
Vulcanita 8 de las juntas. Una materia prima alternativa para palas/azadas y otros artefactos líticos en Antofagasta de la Sierra (Catamarca)
Authors: Sentinelli Natalia , Rasjido Matias
Published: August 2023

Se presenta y describe una fuente de vulcanita localizada en el sitio arqueológico de Las Juntas (Antofagasta de la Sierra, Puna meridional, Catamarca). Esta fuente está compuesta por un afloramiento en el sector medio de una escarpa y un depósito en forma de cono de derrubios que caen desde la veta hacia la base de la pendiente. A ojo desnudo, la vulcanita que compone este afloramiento presenta características macroscópicas y de fractura muy similares a otras conocidas en la región, particularmente Vc8 y Vc. 8 CCT, por lo que la denominamos Vulcanita 8 Las Juntas (Vc8 LJ). Estas rocas comparten una fractura natural en forma de lajas de gran tamaño que fue aprovechada para la confección de palas/azadas, lo cual también es evidenciado por desechos de preparación de formas base y formatización primaria de estos instrumentos en sus fuentes de aprovisionamiento. Sin embargo, la variedad de Las Juntas presenta una serie de características que permiten diferenciarla macroscópicamente de aquellas. En el sitio Las Escondidas se hallaron instrumentos, fragmentos de instrumentos y desechos que se asignaron macroscópicamente a Vc8 LJ. El análisis petrográfico de algunas piezas del sitio y una muestra de la fuente de Las Juntas permiten sostener esta adscripción. Sin embargo, los resultados petrográficos indicaron que un desecho de talla preliminarmente descrito como vulcanita no diferenciada corresponde a Vc8 LJ, lo que sugiere que la identificación macroscópica de esta roca puede conllevar cierta dificultad. El hallazgo de esta fuente lleva a reconsiderar algunas de las adscripciones de materias primas sobre varios de los conjuntos artefactuales líticos de Miriguaca y de la región.
Repaso integrador de la presencia del jaguar (Panthera onca) en Uruguay con nuevos datos arqueozoológicos
Authors: Ferrari Luaces Alejandro Carlos , González Enrique , Manzuetti Berón Aldo
Published: August 2023

En Uruguay el jaguar, Panthera onca, se considera extinto desde 1901. Existen registros paleontológicos, arqueológicos y documentación histórica que dan cuenta de la presencia de la especie en distintas partes del territorio nacional. Asimismo, hay en el país numerosos accidentes geográficos que incluyen en su nombre la palabra “tigre”, que es como se denominaba localmente a este félido en la época colonial, lo que denota su importancia a nivel cultural. Para determinar la distribución pasada del jaguar en Uruguay se revisó la bibliografía histórica y actual. Se relevó material existente en colecciones zoológicas, paleontológicas y arqueológicas nacionales y se analizó la toponimia nacional en busca de referencias sobre la especie. Se encontraron 14 registros paleontológicos, 3 arqueológicos, 45 menciones históricas y 51 topónimos. Adicionalmente, se describen materiales inéditos o escasamente estudiados asociados a sitios arqueológicos y se discuten sus implicancias a nivel antropológico. Se revisan las referencias literarias relativas a su abundancia en el pasado y su potencial vinculación con el desarrollo ganadero temprano en esta región del continente.
Examining the Factors Influencing Turkish Nursing Students’ Motivation: An Explorative Qualitative Study
Authors: GÜNER Perihan , ZEYBEKOĞLU Zuhal , KARAÇAY Pelin , EROĞLU Kafiye
Published: August 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the factors that affect the motivation of students in a Bachelor of Science nursing program.
Methods: A qualitative study was carried out with 32 Bachelor of Science nursing students with different class studying in a non-profit foundation university. Data was collected through four focus groups using a semi-structured interview form. Content analysis was used to analyze data.
Results: The following five themes emerged: Choosing the university, but not the future profession; lack of a feeling of belonging to university; group cohesion; student-faculty relationship; quality of education.
Conclusion: In this study showed how important it is for students' motivation to study on a large campus rather than on an isolated campus.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN APRESIASI MAHASISWA DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN AGAMA ISLAM DI UNIVERSITAS MADURA PAMEKASAN JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Marsum Marsum , Anam Syaiful
Published: August 2023

Dosen memiliki peranan penting dalam menumbuhkan semangat belajar Mahasiswa melalui berbagai motivasi belajar yang didasarkan pada pengalaman dan kepedulian secara individual. Selain Dosen, orang tua juga sangat berperan aktif di rumahnya memberikan motivasi dan dorongan demi kecakapan Mahasiswa di Universitas dalam pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran. Seperti memberikan Apresiasi atau penghargaan dengan menggunakan kata-kata dengan ucapan bagus sekali, hebat dan menakjubkan. Penguatan atau motivasi yang dilakukan dengan verbal mengandung penilaian dan penghargaan yang dapat menimbulkan interaksi dan pengalaman pribadi bagi diri Mahasiswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan peneliti adala kualitatif deskriptif, Adapun informan dalam penelitian ini adalah Sebagian mahasiswa yang peneliti temui di lapangan yang kemudian peneliti kombinasikan dengan para informan yang lain. Metode pengumpulan datanya adalah interview, observasi lapangan dan analisis data dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian yang berhasil peneliti temukan diantaranya adalah Mahasiswa yang ada di Universitas Madura Pamekasan kurang termotivasi dalam proses pembelajaran Agama Islam, karena dianggap biasa, sehingga tingkat apresiasi Mahasiswa terhadap pembelajaran tidak memungkinkan secara maksimal. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah para praktisi Pendidikan dari tingkat satuan Pendidikan dasar, menengah dan tinggi memiliki gambaran yang utuh tentang problematika Pendidikan Agama Islam yang kemudian menjadikan sebagai bahan untuk perbaikan implementasi Pendidikan ke depannya.
УЯВЛЕНЯ ПРО МАЙБУТНЮ СІМ’Ю У ПІДЛІТКІВ З ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНИМИ ПОРУШЕННЯМИ
Authors: Опалюк Тетяна
Published: August 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостей уявлень підлітків з інтелектуальними порушеннями про сімейно-шлюбні відносини та майбутню сім’ю. Дослідження показали, що уявлення про майбутню сім’ю загалом позначаються на успішності розв’язання окремих проблем у сім’ї, зокрема конфліктних, формуванні реальних соціально-шлюбних відносин. Визначено, що уявлення про майбутню сім’ю – це узагальнений комплекс уявно відтворених образів, який відображає характерні ознаки майбутньої сім’ї, потенційних чоловіка чи дружину та дітей, характер взаємовідносин із ними, особливості організації сімейного життя. З’ясовано, що однією із основних функцій закладів освіти є підготовка молоді до різних сфер самостійного життя, у тому числі сімейного. Дослідження сучасних науковців свідчить про необхідність здійснення спеціальних заходів і залучення фахівців до цілеспрямованого формування уявлення про майбутню сім’ю у підлітків з інтелектуальними порушеннями. Аналіз отриманих даних показав, що осягнення значення і змісту даного поняття у підлітків з інтелектуальними порушеннями характеризується конкретністю, одноманітністю та стислістю, що пояснюється, по-перше, порушеннями інтелектуального розвитку, насамперед, недорозвиненням мисленнєвих операцій. По-друге, складнощі із наданням ґрунтовного визначення поняття пояснюються низьким словниковим запасом підлітків із інтелектуальними порушеннями, адже розгорнуті висловлювання в їхньому активному словнику, як правило, відсутні. По-третє, внаслідок свого віку та відсутності певного життєвого досвіду підлітки з інтелектуальними порушеннями не можуть надати розширену характеристику поняття «сім’я». І, по-четверте, важливою причиною, на нашу думку, є відсутність системи корекційно-розвивальної роботи з підготовки підлітків означеної категорії до майбутнього сімейного життя.
On the efficacy of a CBT-I-based online program for sleep problems: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Eigl Esther-Sevil , Hauser Theresa , Topalidis Pavlos , Schabus Manuel
Published: August 2023

Objectives: There is an urgent need for easily accessible treatment options for sleep problems to reduce the current treatment gap in receiving cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). Using a randomized controlled trial, we evaluate the efficacy of an CBT-I-based online-program on sleep. Methods Fifty-three volunteers (21-71 years; MAge = 44.6±12.5; 27 female) suffering from impaired sleep were randomly allocated either to the experimental group (EG, n = 27) or to an active control group (CG, n = 26). The EG participated in a 6-week CBT-I-based online-program, while the CG received psychoeducation and sleep hygiene instructions. Sleep was assessed both objectively, via ambulatory polysomnography (PSG), as well as subjectively, via questionnaires at three time points (baseline, pre- and post-intervention). A one-month follow-up assessment was done using questionnaires. Results: The EG showed small but reliable improvements from pre- to post-intervention in PSG-derived wake after sleep onset (from 58.6min to 42.5min.; p <.05) and sleep efficiency (from 86.0% to 89.2%; p <.05). Furthermore, subjective sleep quality (assessed via Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) improved significantly during intervention (p = .011) and follow-up (p = .015) in the EG only (T0: 8.2, T3: 4.5). The Insomnia Severity Index decreased from pre- to post-intervention in both groups (EG: p = .003, CG: p = .008), while it further improved during follow-up (p = .035) in the EG only. Conclusions: We show that a CBT-I-based online program can improve sleep not only subjectively but also objectively and can be a viable alternative when face-to-face interventions are not available (T0: 13.2, T3: 6.7).
Explaining the Ratios of Masses of all Three Generations of Leptons and Quarks and Predicting the Mass Eigenstates of Neutrinos
Authors: Perkovic Nikola
Published: August 2023

In this paper we will provide a new equation that explains why there are three generations or families of leptons and quarks, respectively. We will also explain why all those particles have the known mass ratios amongst their three respective generations and flavors. We will also tackle the problem of Yukawa couplings being arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model Higgs mechanism, which is a long standing problem do to their formulaic dependence on the Higgs Vacuum Expectation Value (VEV). We will attempt to solve this problem and provide a strong argument through an equation for Yukawa couplings of all leptons and quarks via a new methodology that depends on the running of the fine-structure constant on the Q scale, quantum numbers and the Weinberg angle (also on the Q scale). We will also make predictions for all three left-chiral neutrino mass eigenstates and we will provide upper limits for the three right-chiral neutrino mass eigenstates.
Bài học giữa rừng nguyên sinh với “chuyên gia” thực thụ
Authors: Bản Già
Published: August 2023

Vẫn biết, học hỏi từ sách vở rất quan trọng, nhưng học từ thiên nhiên lại có những giá trị khó gì sánh nổi. Xét cho cùng phần nhiều kiến thức của con người cũng là thu nạp từ thông tin thiên nhiên mang lại. Hành trình của Charles Darwin từ xa xưa cũng mang bản chất học hỏi như vậy. Trong hình là hai cán bộ nghiên cứu của AISDL rời bỏ máy tính, thuật toán, dữ liệu số, để đi vào rừng. Trước hướng nghiên cứu bền vững môi sinh, bước vào rừng là một việc mang nhiều ý nghĩa.
Giá trị kinh tế của vùng bảo tồn sinh thái Qurumber National Park
Authors: Dân Lâm
Published: August 2023

Ước lượng giá trị kinh tế của dịch vụ hệ sinh thái (ES) là việc rất thách thức. Tuy vậy, do một số lượng lớn cư dân trên Trái Đất phụ thuộc vào ES để có sinh kế, công việc này vẫn luôn cần tiến hành. Một nghiên cứu mới trên tạp chí PARKS do IUCN xuất bản công bố ước lượng giá trị kinh tế quy đổi (có chọn lọc tiêu chí) cho Rừng quốc gia Qurumber thuộc vùng Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
Rarity-Expertise Valuation: The Role of Domain Knowledge in the World of Big Experimentation
Authors: Iliev Rumen
Published: August 2023

Most of the conceptualizations of how big data will change behavioral sciences have been focused on the question of what the world of big data can offer to the behavioral sciences. The recent deployment of industry-level behavioral experimentation, however, prompts the reverse question: what can behavioral science offer to the world of big data in general, and to big experimentation in particular. In this paper we contrast insights from behavioral theories to insights from large-scale experimentation and propose a simple cost-benefit framework that can help evaluate the potential contribution of behavioral science. Based on this framework, we isolate cases where behavioral theories can provide clear benefits from cases where naive approaches alone would perform equally well. While our model is primarily focused on behavioral science, it is also relevant to other fields where big experimentation platforms will become widely used.
Human Behavior in the Context of Low-Probability High-Impact Events
Authors: Sundh Joakim
Published: August 2023

Events with very low a-priori probability but very high impact shape our lives to a significant degree, on an individual as well as a global level. Unfortunately, people have difficulties understanding and processing the prospects of such events, leading to idiosyncratic behavior. In this article I summarize the main findings regarding human behavior in the context of low-probability high-impact events and identify the main sources of bias and other idiosyncrasies, specifically: [1] ignorance of critical events due to biased information search, [2] a false sense of security due to reinforcement learning and reliance on small samples, [3] biased evaluation of likelihood due to mental availability and affective content, and [4] inaccurate interpretation of risks due to the format by which they are communicated. I further suggest ways to mitigate these problems and areas where additional research is needed.
Consumed by Conspiracy? Individual and Social Risk Factors for Violent Radicalization
Authors: Duindam Hanne , Asscher Jessica J. , Lösel Friedrich
Published: August 2023

Conspiracy theories threaten Western society’s cohesion and democracy (AIVD, 2023). Yet, little is known about who’s vulnerable to conspiracy-motivated violent radicalization, which is essential for effective prevention. This study explored whether subgroups at risk for conspiracy-motivated violent radicalization could be identified in a Dutch sample (N = 709) and whether demographic characteristics and risk factors were associated with profile membership. Latent-profile analyses unveiled five profiles named: the general population (82%; with low indicator levels overall) and the conspiracists (10%) who had high conspiracy belief, conspiracy exposure, and radical attitudes, but low radical behavior. Three smaller profiles with elevated radical behavior emerged: the violent experimenters (6%), vandalists (1%), and the extremely violent (1%). Conspiracy theories were only elevated for some with heightened radical behavior. Overall, younger males in criminogenic or extreme right-wing environments, lacking tertiary education, with poor school performance, and an ideologically-driven crime history, seemed to face heightened violent radicalization risks. Criminogenic risk factors differentiated conspiracists from the more violently radical profiles, while social risks factors were shared. Integrating evidence-based strategies for anti-crime interventions into anti-radicalization efforts may help curb conspiracy-motivated radical behavior (Jugl et al., 2021).
Thermal and atomic properties of hydrogen atom and diatomic molecules in Wilson-Racah Quantum System
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Sciences, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria., Otor D. Abi , Emmanuel V. Tikyaa ,   Department of Physics, College of Sciences, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria., Gundu A. Augustine ,   Department of Physics, College of Sciences, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria., Gurgur B. Vincent ,   Department of Physics, College of Sciences, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria., Nyiyongo S. Emmanuel ,   Department of Physics, University of Mkar, P. M. B. 017 Gboko Benue State, Nigeria., Igba D. Solomon ,   Department of Physics, Anna College of Technology, Zaki-Biam, Benue State, Nigeria.
Published: August 2023

In this study, a conventional quantum mechanics in which the potential function is not specified but replaced by specifying four parameters Wilson-Racah orthogonal polynomials in the energy and physical parameter space was presented. The wave function is written as a bounded sum of elements of a complete basis with these polynomials as expansion coefficients. By finding the asymptotic of these Wilson – Racah polynomials, the physical properties of the corresponding system (wave function, bound state energy spectrum and/or scattering phase shift) was obtained. Wilson – Racah quantum system was applied to determine the thermodynamics and atomic properties of Hydrogen atom and diatomic molecules. All properties of associated physical systems are obtained directly and simply from the asymptotic of the associated orthogonal polynomials. This new model, gives good an approximate prediction of the Hydrogen atom energy with an estimated average error of 0.125%. The proposed procedure merely relies on experimental values of five molecular constants. The average relative percentage deviations of the thermodynamic properties’ functions Q, U, C, S and F which are 2.42, 0.45, 0.30, 1.23 and 1.50% satisfied the experimental finding as ascertained. These represent satisfactory compromise between accuracy and rapid computations.
Geoelectrical, hydrochemical, and health risk assessment of groundwater quality in Fountain University, Osogbo, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria., Majolagbe A. O. , Whetode J. M. ,   Department of Physics, Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria., Adeogun O. ,   Department of GeoSciences, University of Lagos, Nigeria., Adegbola R. B. ,   Department of Physics, Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria., Yusuf K. A. ,   Department of Chemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria., Anko S. O. ,   Department of Chemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria., Munis M. C. ,   Department of Chemistry, Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria.
Published: August 2023

Geoelectrical method and physiochemical analyses were applied to obtain subsurface resistivity variation and water quality assessment respectively in Fountain University, Osogbo, Osun State. A young academic institution with a measurable growing population is seriously concerned with the hygienic situation within its environment, especially water quantity and quality. The geophysical method was employed to determine the subsurface groundwater potentials via vertical electrical sounding (VES) using the Schlumberger array. Ten (10) water samples were collected from different locations within the study area and analyzed for physiochemical parameters and trace metals using standard procedure. Water quality index (WQI), exceedance, and human health risk index were determined. All parameters estimated were below the WHO permissible limits except the pH and iron concentration. WQI values of the ten collected water samples reflected 100% excellent grade for drinking. Chronic dietary intake (CDI) is in the order of Fe >Zn > Cu for both children and adults. The VES (9 location points were studied) data revealed four to five geo-electric layers which corresponded to the topsoil, lateritic clay, weathered layer, fractured basement, and fresh basement with thickness ranges of 0.5 to 39.6 m, while resistivity values vary from 27.5 to 5432.6 Ωm. The study observed and recommended that boreholes could be sunk at VES 1, 6, and 7 at depths between 26.1 to 39.6 m for exploitation of good quality water along with continuous monitoring of groundwater quality to maintain the good water quality area, hence the safety of the environment.
Some inequalities bounding certain ratios of the q-gamma function
Authors:   Department of Mathematics/ICT, St Vincent College of Education, Yendi, Ghana., Hashimu Mohammed
Published: August 2023

In this short paper, we established q- analogues of some well-known inequalities for the classical Gamma function and some inequalities bounding the ratio Γ_q (x)/Γ_q (y), where Γ_q (.) is the q-analogue of the Gamma function. The method employed in presenting the results made use of strict logarithmic convexity of a function and classical mean value theorem involving the q-analogue of the psi function. At the end, the proven result provided the q-analogue of some known result concerning the classical Gamma function.
Impact of foreign direct investment on financial institution performance in Nigeria: A study of Jos Metropolitan City of Plateau State
Authors:   M.sc Student Faculty of Management Sciences, Department of Business Administration, University of Jos, Nigeria., Maude Isaac Jonathan , Wapmuk Shitnaan Emmanuel ,   Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria., Okpara Arinzechukwu Jude ,   Juhoari Enterprise and Consulting Services, Rock Haven, Jos, Nigeria.
Published: August 2023

Financial institutions are faced with increasingly keen competition and rising costs as a result of regulatory requirements, financial and technological innovations, institutional distress and other challenges which have dramatic effects on their performances. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of foreign direct investment on financial institution performance in Nigeria. The study was grounded in profit maximization theory in relation to FDI performance. This study employs a survey design aimed at establishing the effects of the variables of foreign direct investment as the independent variable on financial institution performance as the dependent variable. The population of this study was based on 10 selected financial institutions operating in Jos Metropolitan city of Plateau Nigeria as at 1st January 2022. Each bank is represented by its Chief finance officer (CFO). Primary data and secondary data were collected from the annual financial statement of selected financial institutions through the respective Chief finance officers also, books, journals and publications, while primary data was collected through questionnaire, while the scope dwells on the deposit money banks in Jos, Plateau State. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used to analyze the data collected. The results revealed that the FDI variables indicate a strong impact on financial institution performance in Nigeria. The study recommends that a solid framework should be set up in order to curtail bottlenecks and other issues in relation to FDI among Financial institution performance. The study concludes that FDI in relation to financial institutions’ transactions can be intermediated by its dimensions (Foreign exchange).