bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Persepsi Pendidik dan Peserta Didik terhadap Pengembangan Buku Bacaan Cerita Fantasi Bermuatan Nilai Moral bagi Peserta Didik SMP Kelas VII
Authors: Najichah Amalia Fajriyyatin , Nuryatin Agus , Mulyani Mimi
Published: February 2019

Buku bacaan sebagai salah satu buku nonteks pelajaran seringkali tidak digunakan secara maksimal dalam proses pendidikan di sekolah. Padahal, dengan adanya gerakan literasi sekolah (GLS) saat ini, justru keberadaan buku bacaan sangat diperlukan sebagai kebutuhan utama bagi peserta didik. Tidak hanya itu, buku bacaan juga dapat digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran tertentu untuk menambah pengetahuan yang tidak dapat diperoleh peserta didik dari  buku teks pelajaran. Salah satu contohnya adalah buku bacaan cerita fantasi bermuatan nilai moral yang dapat digunakan untuk menunjang proses pembelajaran teks cerita fantasi untuk siswa SMP Kelas VII. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi pendidik dan peserta didik terhadap adanya pengembangan buku bacaan cerita fantasi bermuatan nilai moral. Penelitian dengan desain kualitatif deskriptif ini menunjukkan hasil bahwa, keberadaan buku bacaan cerita fantasi bermuatan nilai moral sangat diperlukan dalam menunjang proses pembelajaran teks cerita fantasi. Selain itu, nilai moral yang terkandung dalam cerita fantasi dapat digunakan sebagai sarana pembentukan nilai moral bagi peserta didik.
Pengembangan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Pada Materi Pertidaksamaan Linier Satu Variabel Melalui Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Modul
Authors: Mariyam Mariyam , Prihatiningtyas Nindy Citroresmi , Wahyuni Rika
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa pada materi Pertidaksamaan Linear Satu Variabel (PtLSV) melalui penerapan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) berbantuan modul. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan bentuk penelitian adalah True Experimental dengan rancangan penelitian Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design.Populasi dalam Penelitian ini adalah semua siswa Kelas VII SMP N 2 dan SMP N 7 Singkawang. Sampel dipilih dengan teknik simple random sampling.Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa; (1)Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa pada materi PtLSV di SMP N 2 Singkawang dan SMP N 7 Singkawang sebelum dan sesudah diterapkannya model PBL berbantuan modul berbeda, berdasarkan uji paired t test didapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai pretest dan nilai posttest siswa, (2) Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa pada materi PtLSV di SMP N 2 Singkawang dan SMP N 7 Singkawang sebelum dan sesudah diterapkannya model pembelajaran langsung berbantuan modul berbeda, berdasarkan uji paired t test didapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai pretest dan nilai posttest siswa, (3) Tidak terdapat perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa pada materi PtLSVanatara kelas yang menggunakan model PBL dan kelas yang menggunakan Model pembelajaran langsung dengan pendekatan Saintifik  berbantuan modul baik di SMP N 2 Singkawang dan SMP N 7Singkawang .
Factores asociados a ideas suicidas en adolescentes escolarizados de Bogotá 2006, 2013 y 2018
Authors: González Quiñones Juan Carlos , Monroy Henao Catalina , Mogollón Chacón Laura Alejandra , Molano Guarín Juan Pablo , Maturana Córdoba Cristian Leiner , Oñate Niño Nathalya , Ospina Castellanos María Alejandra , Pinzón Ramírez Jenny Alexandra
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: Establecer la relación entre factores psicosociales y el desarrollo de ideas suicidas en adolescentes de un colegio de Bogotá durante los años 2006, 2013 y 2018.Metodología: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se aplicó una herramienta a estudiantes adolescentes de un colegio de Bogotá en los años 2006, 2013 y 2018, para indagar por factores sociodemográficos, comportamientos de violencia, funcionalidad familiar, religión, sexualidad, autoestima y consumo de alcohol. Se compararon estas variables con la presencia de ideación suicida.Resultados: Se encuestaron 2817 estudiantes (1001 en 2006, 475 en 2013 y 1341 en 2018). La baja autoestima (OR 11 IC 95 % 6,9-17,5) y la disfunción familiar (OR 15 IC 95 % 8,4-26,9) representan factores de riesgo importantes para la ideación suicida. La edad con mayor riesgo está en el rango de los 17 a los 20 años.
Nanocellulose-Graphene Oxide Hybrid Aerogel to Water Purification
Authors:   Shandong Agricultural University, Wei Jie , Gui Shi-Han ,   Shandong Agricultural University, Wu Jun-Hua ,   Shandong Agricultural University, Xu Dan-Dan ,   Shandong Agricultural University, Sun Yun ,   Shandong Agricultural University, Dong Xiao-Ying ,   Shandong Agricultural University, Dai Yang-Yong ,   Shandong Agricultural University, Li Yong-Feng ,   Shandong Agricultural University
Published: February 2019

The depletion of non-renewable resources and pollution of industrial wastewater are major challenges to the human security. Using green renewable resources to address the above problems coincides with the sustainable development of human society. In this study, we attend to design hybrid aerogel, derived from nanocellulose and graphene oxide (GO), to realize wastewater purification via adsorption behavior, benefitting from its high specific surface area and high porosity. Nanocellulose, isolated from Amorpha fruticosa Linn. as a shrub plant, and graphene oxide were combinely employed to prepare the hybird aerogel via freeze-drying process; and its purification ability to remove methylene blue(MB), congo red (CR) and waste oil in waste water was tested. The results indicate that the isolated nanocellulose bears abundant hydroxyl groups and high aspect ratio of ~500 with average diameter of ~30 nm, which is well distributed on the surface of graphene oxide sheet with side length of about 1~3 μm, both of which form the hybrid aerogel with porosity larger than 99%. The nanomaterials physically assemble its orignial aggregation state. When the mass ratio of nanocellulose and graphene oxide is 8 : 2, the hybrid aerogel reaches the highest adsorption capacity of 265.6mg/g and 21.5mg/g for MB and CR, respectively. The hybrid aerogel after hydrophobic treatment shows excellent oil adsorption capacity up to 25.6 g/g, which is beneficial to oil/water separation. This strategy provides potential great-application of the nanocellulose in water purification.
TECHNOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION OF STUDENTS BY MUSIC ACTIVITIES
Authors: Zheyuan Wei
Published: February 2019

The article presents the results of experimental work on introducing the technology of intercultural education of students by music in non-auditing work of a higher educational institution and assessing its effectiveness. It was shown that at the end of the forming stage of the experiment there was a significant decrease in the low level of formation of intercultural education of students in the experimental group and the growth of the indicator of a high level in comparison with the control.
INVESTIGATING FACTORS ENHANCING INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION: FROM STUDENTS’ WRITING TO TEACHERS’ PRACTICE
Authors: Papadopoulos Isaak
Published: February 2019

Intercultural communication constitutes a research field with an increasing interest within the Greek context, as the Greek classes are characterized to a great extent by a cultural- and linguistic- diversity. This study aims at investigating linguistic-elements used by students as a key-factor affecting intercultural written communication between Greek students and students coming from other countries. Effectiveness in intercultural communication is a multifaceted factor which is dependent both on the use of intercultural communication strategies and on the way that speakers/writers modify their utterances in terms of either softening or intensifying their speech as well. More specifically, through this research attempt was made to record internal modifiers, linguistic elements which act either as downgraders (mitigators), aiming to soften the act or as upgraders aiming to intensify the coerciveness or urgency of the act performed by the speakers. Towards that goal, a subject of 150 students (11-12 years of age) was urged to influence a pen-friend from another cultural environment, as regards to taking up a new sports-activity while the scripts of the students underwent investigatory qualitative research. Following the qualitative analysis of the students’ pieces of writing, it was revealed that students made an extensive use of a) downgraders like the marker 'please', consultative devices and subjectivisers as well as b) upgraders such as overstaters and time intensifiers. With respect to the fact that employing modification within the context of social interaction among people from different cultural backgrounds is of utmost importance, it is necessary the students to get familiarized with the significance of modification in their discourse and be encouraged to make use of modifiers which empower their communication within and outside the school context.
La ciudad, espacio de reproducción de las desigualdades
Authors: Dammert Guardia Manuel , Delgadillo Víctor , Erazo Jaime
Published: February 2019

Presentación del dossier del número 39 de la revista Andamios
Urbanismo “pasito a pasito”. Villas y reconfiguración de la centralidad metropolitana en Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Rodríguez María Carla
Published: February 2019

El artículo analiza políticas urbanas que involucran dos barrios originados en la autoproducción informal –las villas 31-31 bis y Rodrigo Bueno–, localizados en el área costera de Retiro-Puerto Madero, en la ciudad de Buenos Aires (caba). Presenta evidencia sobre los modos en que la planificación por proyectos despliega una perspectiva estratégica consistente con la expansión del mercado inmobiliario, partiendo de una gran flexibilidad táctica; alienta procesos simultáneos de “producción local de lo global” y dinamización del mercado inmobiliario informal sustentados en la privatización del suelo público; y refuerza desigualdades socioterritoriales a escala macro y micro. La investigación desarrolló una estrategia metodológica mixta cuantitativa y cualitativa, articulando datos de fuente primaria (25 entrevistas semiestructuradas con distintos actores, participación en mesas técnicas, encuesta propia con inquilinos) y fuentes secundarias (datos censales y fuentes documentales).
América Latina, nuevas y viejas desigualdades urbanas. Entrevista a Raquel Rolnik
Authors: Dammert Guardia Manuel , Delgadillo Víctor
Published: February 2019

Raquel Rolnik es un referente fundamental en el debate urbano en América Latina y el mundo, tanto desde la academia como desde las políticas públicas y el activismo. Ella es arquitecta, urbanista y profesora de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de São Paulo. Entre 2008 y 2014 se desempeñó como relatora especial para el Derecho a la Vivienda Adecuada de la Organización de Naciones Unidas. Además, ella ha ocupado importantes cargos como directora de Planeamiento de la Ciudad de São Paulo (1989-1992), secretaria nacional de Programas Urbanos del Ministerio de la Ciudades de Brasil (2003-2007), entre otros. Su libro más reciente (Rolnik, 2015) es La guerra de los lugares. La colonización de la tierra y la vivienda en la era de las finanzas (publicado en portugués, español e inglés). En éste, ella presenta —de manera convincente y desoladora— los arreglos que impiden la puesta en marcha de políticas de vivienda justas, equitativas y garantes de mejoras en la condición de vida de la población. A continuación reproducimos la entrevista que generosamente Raquel Rolnik concedió a Andamios, Revista de Investigación Social el 28 de agosto de 2018 en la Ciudad de México.
Bibliografía sobre América Latina: nuevas desigualdades urbanas
Authors: Dammert Guardia Manuel , Delgadillo Víctor , Erazo Jaime
Published: February 2019

Los estudios urbanos en América Latina son un campo dinámico, que se expresa en la existencia de redes temáticas a nivel regional, programas de estudios de posgrado, centros de investigación universitarios y distintos espacios de articulación entre la academia, la política y las políticas públicas. Tres cambios institucionales y estructurales han permitido la expansión de este campo de estudios, pero también su fragmentación temática en las últimas dos décadas: a) la consolidación de la universidad como centro de investigación y productor de conocimiento, a diferencia del modelo existente hasta los ochenta que estaba mas vinculado a las organizaciones de la sociedad civil y las organizaciones no gubernamentales; b) la reincorporación y preocupación de lo urbano y las ciudades para las políticas públicas (por ejemplo, el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible No. 11, y la Nueva Agenda Urbana de la Cumbre de Naciones Unidades sobre Ciudades - Hábitat III); c) la consolidación de un nuevo patrón de urbanización en la región como resultado del proceso expansivo de migración en el siglo xx.La elaboración del listado bibliográfico se ha realizado tomando en cuenta dos grandes criterios. Por un lado, se incluyen estudios publicados  entre 2015 y 2018 sobre América Latina, que provengan del mayor número de países de la región, dando prioridad a los libros como formato de difusión. Por otro lado, el listado responde a la necesidad de asumir el estudio de las desigualdades urbanas desde sus distintas dimensiones y escalas, pues estas involucran el acceso diferencial a recursos, sean materiales o simbólicos. Pero esto no se traduce en que el debate sobre desigualdades urbanas se centre exclusivamente en el acceso a servicios básicos, brechas de infraestructura y segregación residencial. Por el contrario, incluye también procesos de socialización, pautas de interacción en el espacio urbano, mecanismos de integración social y formas de experimentar la ciudad. Este listado no busca ser exhaustivo (y por motivos de espacio no se han podido incluir todos los títulos), sino presentar esta diversidad de enfoques y temas para ayudar al lector a conocer más sobre los estudios urbanos en la región.
La lengua al servicio de la adaptación sociocultural y económica de los migrantes en la época de las transformaciones globales
Authors: Cherkashina Tatiana , Novikova Natalia , Dembitskyi Sergey , Pugachev Ivan , Iakovleva Svetlana
Published: February 2019

El artículo presenta el análisis de los problemas de globalización e integración, así como de individualización de la persona que obtuvo el estatus de migrante económico en la Europa occidental y Rusia. La adaptación sociocultural y económica de los migrantes, las transformaciones axiológicas en su conciencia, se analizan a través del prisma de la lengua. Se explican las causas de polarización de la sociedad según el principio “propios – extraños”, se mencionan las vías para unir la gente de distintos orígenes étnicos. En el artículo se exponen los resultados de la encuesta entre la juventud universitaria, se determina el grado de su tolerancia hacia los migrantes, se presenta el conjunto de iniciativas de su adaptación académica. Los autores probaron que la consideración de los matices etnopsicológicos de la comunicación está determinada por la influencia de la sociedad sobre la aculturación como forma de socialización y modelo de la integración psicológicamente confortable del individuo a una cultura distinta.
A cross-cultural perspective on musealization: the museum’s reception by China and Japan in the second half of the nineteenth century
Authors: Wan-Chen Chang
Published: February 2019

Historically museums emerged in the West and were subsequently taken up by people in other regions of the world, including the Far East, where the museum was adopted with alacrity by Japanese and Chinese intellectuals. This article explores how China and Japan imagined museums when they first encountered them in the West. It sketches how intellectuals in these two nations began to conduct ‘musealization’, and suggests that the museum in China and Japan was a product of appropriation of Western formats that was, however, deeply influenced by traditional attitudes to cultural preservation and display.
Making Contact in an exhibition zone: Displaying contemporary cultural diversity in Donegal, Ireland, through an installation of visual and material portraits
Authors: Purkis Harriet
Published: February 2019

The ‘museum as contact zone’ (Clifford 1997: 192) has been a concept that has theoretically framed the inclusion of different cultures in museums. The contact zone concept has been revisited, for example by Boast 2011. Further, the idea of the ‘dialogic contact zone’ (Witcomb 2003; Bennett 2006) is used in relation to exhibition communication techniques that aim to establish a dialogue on cultural diversity between visitors, exhibitions and curators. This paper sets out to reframe the contact zone concept, by considering both the nature and form of contact in an exhibition. The method used is the practical curation of one exhibition by the author in Ireland called Destination Donegal. The main argument is that a curatorial production focused on individual people can create an empathetic contact zone between individual subjects and visitors, achieved through the non-verbal display language of art installation using multimedia portraits.
Morale and Mass Observation: Governing the Affective Atmosphere on the Home-Front
Authors: Dibley Ben , Kelly Michelle
Published: February 2019

This paper focuses on Mass Observation (MO)’s morale work, commissioned by the British Government over the period 1939–41. It examines the ways in which MO’s earlier collecting practices were recomposed through its research into civilian morale, and linked up with national centres of calculation, in particular the Ministry of Information (MoI). We explore the associations through which civilian morale was established, simultaneously, as an autonomous object of knowledge and as a particular field of intervention. As an object of knowledge, morale posited the existence of a dynamic affective ‘atmosphere’ associated with collective everyday life, which could be calibrated through various social scientific methods. As a particular field of intervention, technicians of morale postulated that this atmosphere might be regulated through various policy instruments. This paper traces the ways in which MO practices were implicated along these two axes in the emergence of civilian morale as a domain warranting the state’s ‘constant attention and supervision’.
Arte Juntos/Art Together: Promoting School Readiness among Latino Children through Parent Engagement and Social Inclusion in a Suburban Museum
Authors: Tazi Zoila , Vidal Helena , Stein Karen
Published: February 2019

Census data reveal that suburban communities are becoming increasingly diverse. Once considered affluent and predictable places, American suburbs are now confronting increasing poverty rates as well as ethnic, racial and linguistic diversity. Currently, more than half of US Latinos live in the suburbs. Schools and public institutions such as museums are challenged to provide programming that meets the needs of Latinos, who are disproportionately poor (Ackerman and Tazi 2015:3). Promoting school readiness among Latino children is an important effort in maximizing the potential and educational attainment of this growing population. In one suburban community, a school-museum collaboration resulted in a bilingual parent-child program promoting school readiness and social inclusion for Latino families. Arte Juntos/Art Together engaged parents and children using art andculture-based activities that developed observation skills, creativity, critical thinking, vocabulary, and aesthetic appreciation. Celebrating diverse perspectives and self-expression, the program provided access to museums as enriching spaces for informal learning, personal empowerment and social inclusion
Are coins small and boring? Developing an experiential based education programme
Authors: Harris Mieka
Published: February 2019

With the refurbishment of the Citi Money Gallery came the foresight to include a dedicated education programme. The collection is perfectly placed to reinvigorate financial education, which is becoming more prominent on social policy agendas.Financial education considers the local, national and international levels and is more than just creating budget sheets. It is about the appreciation of money and how to make effective decisions around it; a contextualized education programme can facilitate this. However there are numerous barriers that prevent schools from participating in financial education as well as visiting museums. This paper will consider the challenges faced by the Citi Money Gallery education programme and strategies to overcome them, including the role of object handling, creating a teacher advisory panel and investing in a pilot phase.
Contested Objects: Curating Soldier Art
Authors: Furneaux Holly , Prichard Sue
Published: February 2019

Joseph Rawdon’s account of his making of a military quilt incorporates an emotionalobject biography of a kind typically attached to this kind of material. He recallsthe long period of production, an investment of physical and emotional labourof a different, but related, order to the effort of his dead colleagues, those ‘poorfellows that fought hard for their country and fell in the struggle’, and whose thensurplus uniforms contribute to the fabric of the patchwork. In this co-authoredarticle we draw upon objects like that produced by Rawdon, and the narrativesthat accompany them, to explore the value and challenges of curating objectsproduced by soldiers in wartime. Focusing on patchwork produced by Victorianmilitary men, we seek to extend the understanding of trench art, in terms ofchronology and form.
Objects and the Representation of War in Military Museums
Authors: Scott James
Published: February 2019

This paper reflects upon the ability of a military museum to create diverserepresentations of war, through the use and interpretation of its objects. In this type of museum, war can be presented as being both a positive or negative phenomenon. For many people, a visit to a military history museum is the one of the main ways that a person will learn about war, aside from its portrayal in education, the media or in film and television. These museums have great influence in representing war. This is particularly true in Northern Ireland where representations of conflict have the potential to widen the gap between communities in an already divided society.How objects affect the creation of representations of war can depend on whichtypes of object are displayed, in what context they are displayed, their physicalcondition and also the way in which the objects are connected with people orindividuals (Saunders, 2004; Dudley 2010). This paper examines three approaches to displaying objects in the regimental museums of Northern Ireland. These have been termed the celebratory approach, the sanitized approach and the realistic approach.
Shaped by familiarity: Memory, Space and Materiality at Imperial War Museum North
Authors: Loxham Angela
Published: February 2019

This paper considers Imperial War Museum North’s attempts to disturb popularmemories about British experiences of war through the mobilisation of space andmateriality. However, it is argued that this does not succeed because of the spatial mediation and object placement employed throughout which allow the museum to reinforce bodily, spatial and historical experiences of the outside world. The second part of the paper analyses the neglected place of the museum shop inthis, which contributes to making the IWM visit one of familiarity because of thequotidian consumption practices that are encouraged there.
Making Sense of Things: Constructing Aesthetic Experience in Museum Gardens and Galleries
Authors: Mangione Gemma
Published: February 2019

Studies of museum behaviour in sociology often examine how external environments shape organizational practice. Through an ethnographic study, this article considers programmes for visitors with disabilities at a major metropolitan art museum and botanical garden to ask how ‘sensory conventions’ vary across museums, and with what effects. I trace how museum staff construct the aesthetic experience of art and nature differently to shape how visitors use their senses, and which senses they use, when interacting with museum collections. Examining aesthetic meanings across different kinds of museums reveals these institutions’ differing local cultures and how such cultures affect visitor experience. In particular, aesthetic practices across museums facilitate varying opportunities for perception, and interactions that may privilege particular embodied capacities.Key words: art museums; botanical gardens; aesthetics; senses; disability
The Habitus of Heritage: a Discussion of Bourdieu's Ideas for Visitor Studies in Heritage and Museums
Authors: Dicks Bella
Published: February 2019

This article argues that Pierre Bourdieu’s conceptual framework of habitus, field and symbolic capital has much to offer museum and heritage visitor studies. However, rather than focusing on his well-known critique of high-cultural taste, the discussion here concerns displays of the ‘ordinary’ and social histories - of occupations, crafts, places, communities. Habitus reveals how visitors to such sites are involved in making value judgments, not solely of aesthetics but also of the social identities on display. In particular, it directs analytic attention to the active positions that visitors take up during the visit. Instead of focusing on their immediate actions and responses, however, or on exhibitions alone, I approach the visit as a moment in a person’s life, where a relationship is constructed between an individual biography, a social field that assigns value to different identities, and the particular set of symbols encountered during the visit. It is suggested that these are appropriated as symbolic ‘tokens’ in accordance with individuals’ practical relation to the world they inhabit. Past experience, memory, and class become crucial here, as these illuminate the subjective stances visitors adopt to the symbols on display, which also involve important affective and non-ideational dimensions. Data from prior visitor research conducted by the author are reanalyzed to illustrate the points made. The aim is to show how visiting is a social practice that mobilises symbolic dimensions of memory and class experience, one which cannot be understood by examining exhibit-visitor interactions in isolation.Key words: visitor studies, heritage, museums, Bourdieu, habits, symbolic capital.
Exhibiting the Nation: Indigenousness in Chile's National Museums
Authors: Gil Magdelena
Published: February 2019

This article describes the history of Chile’s national museums, focusing in particular on their exhibition of indigenous cultures. Three museums are considered: the National Museum of Natural History (originally the National Museum); the National Museum of Fine Arts; and the National Museum of History. Using museum catalogues, visitor’s guides and bulletins as sources, this research traces the role given to indigenousness in the museums’ exhibitions through time. Initially, the ‘Indian’ was presented as either part of the territory conquered by Chileans, or as not part of Chilean culture at all. By the twentieth century, however, a new narrative emerged which recognizes the indigenous people as the ‘pre-historic’ inhabitants of Chile. Most recently, a more complex narrative presents Chile as a blending of races and cultures. Overall, we see that today each museum continues to see nationhood as something that is monolithic, allowing little place for indigenous people beyond mestizaje (blending of ‘races’).Key words: indigenous, exhibitions, Latin America, national identity
Using the Local to Tell a Global Story: How the Peabody Essex Museum Became a World Class Museum
Authors: Levitt Peggy
Published: February 2019

According to the World Bank, one out of every seven people in the world today is an internal or international, voluntary or involuntary migrant. Learning to live with diversity next door or across the globe is the challenge of the day. What role are contemporary museums playing in imparting cosmopolitan values and skills to their visitors? What helps explain how they present the nation in relation to the world? In this article, we use the case of the Peabody Essex Museum, in Salem, Massachusetts to explore these questions. In 1993, the Peabody Museum and the Essex Institute were poised to close. Despite their long histories and important collections, they were operating at the far frontier of the regional cultural map. In the ensuing years, the new PEM rewrote that cartography. By telling new global stories about very local objects, and by showcasing its global institutional roots, the museum dramatically transformed visitors’ experiences. It broadened and diversified the possible messages they might take away from their visits and sought to connect them to other times and places. Excavating pieces of Salem’s cultural armature enabled the PEM to display cosmopolitan ideas and to cultivate cosmopolitan skills while rescaling itself and its city in the process.Key words: museums, cosmopolitanism, global, culture, scale
Curating Action: Rethinking Ethnographic Collections and the Role/Place of Performing Arts in the Museum
Authors: Bernier Hélène , Viau-Courville Mathieu
Published: February 2019

Dance involves a set of movements that embody social memory. Such forms of intangible heritage have presented emerging challenges for curatorship. This paper draws from the experience of the Musées de la civilisation (Quebec City, Canada) to address ideas of collecting and curating in the performing arts. By presenting the travelling exhibition Rebel Bodies, an international collaborative project that highlights contemporary dance and movement as universal modes of creativity and expression, the paper reflects on the social role of the museum in sustaining creativity within the community as well as on the use of ethnographic material to collectively (through museums and artists) curate the intangible. In treating notions of natural, virtuoso, urban, multi, political, and atypical bodies, this exhibition brings together performers and creative artists as well as industries in the museum setting. Such interplays, it is argued, encourage the sustainable participation of artistic communities/industries and further highlight museums as dynamic loci for the promotion of social change.Keywords: performing arts, intangible cultural heritage, museum, dance, performance, participation, reenactment, artists
Desiring the past and reimagining the present: contemporary collecting in Qatar
Authors: Exell Karen
Published: February 2019

The collecting processes in Qatar at state level is intimately linked with the construction of a new Qatari identity for global consumption and national cohesion. At an individual level, collecting can be linked with the desire to preserve the disappearing present in the face of rapid development, as well as representing local traditions of authority and erudition. The national collections created for the first Qatar National Museum institutionalize this process and re-classify the objects as representing the newly constructed ‘Qatari’ identity. The Msheireb Arts Center holds the Echo Memory collection of found objects, collected to inspire a Qatari future but representing the lives of the South Asian community otherwise excluded from the Qatari national discourse. Using these examples, this paper situates the processes of collection, curation and display within, or in opposition to, the ongoing process of Qatari national identity construction, preservation and dissemination, and presents them as a facet of Qatar’s engagement with modernity and the reimagining of itself in the contemporary global age.Key words: Qatar, collections, modernity, national identity, authorized heritage
Cultural diplomacy, national identity and national museum: South Korea’s first overseas exhibition in the US, 1957 to 1959
Authors: Jang Sang-hoon
Published: February 2019

The exhibition Masterpieces of Korean Art, which toured 8 cities in the US from December 1957 to June 1959, was the first large-scale overseas exhibition of Korean cultural objects that the South Korean government organized. This overseas exhibition in the US was designed to secure a cultural identity for South Korea on the world stage by explaining to US citizens that Korean culture has peculiar characteristics and independence from Chinese or Japanese culture. It was in the same context that the South Korean government was trying to secure a place within the world order controlled by the US. This touring exhibition shows that, through this exhibition, the National Museum of Korea was engaged in a dual mission to both gain cultural citizenship on the world stage and, reflexively, to internalize this for internal consumption so as to consolidate a sense of Korean cultural identity at home.
“Russenlager” and forced labour. Soviet prisoners of war in Bremen - “home” as a reference for historical memory Creating an exhibition on a voluntary basis: a case study
Authors: True-Biletski Kerstin , Redert Petra
Published: February 2019

This article focuses on emotional approaches within the framework of the exhibition “Russenlager” and Forced Labour in Bremen. Having traced local events and circumstances related to general historical topics, we expose on 14 displays a network of camps of Soviet POWs (“Russenlager”), work commandos, places of labour and the profiting companies in Bremen. Accordingly, ‘home’ is the emotional core, combined with a face-to-face approach presenting individual Soviet POWs, depicted on facsimile registration cards, issued by the Wehrmacht, which we use as guides through the exhibition. Another biographical approach extends into the present, involving the contact with a relative of a Soviet POW, who was forced to work in Bremen until he perished.Key words: Soviet POW, forced labour, collective memory, home, emotional approach.
Interpreting social issues: Museum theatre’s potential for critical engagement
Authors: Nikonanou Niki , Venieri Foteini
Published: February 2019

Museum theatre and its potential within museum education is explored at the Museum Education and Research Laboratory at the University of Thessaly, Greece. There, the leading research project Museums and Education: methods of approaching and interpreting museum objects’aims to address how, over the last few decades, museum theatre has been in ever-increasing use to vocalize the sensitive issues of a multicultural society and marginalized social communities. Recent studies highlight museum theatre evoking empathy and critical engagement in the audience with the subject-matter of the performance. One such performance was organized by the School of Drama at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and studied in depth. Titled Voices of the City: Historical Routes through Theatre, the performance embodied controversial social issues, and its implementation was evaluated using qualitative methodology to examine the responses of visitors.
National Identity, International Visitors: Narration and Translation of the Taipei 228 Memorial Museum
Authors: Chen Chia-Li , Liao Min-Hsiu
Published: February 2019

Although many museums nowadays provide multilingual services, translations in museums have not received enough attention from researchers. The issue of how ideology is embedded in museum texts is translated is particularly underresearched. Since museums are often important sites for tourists to learn about a nation, translation plays a pivotal role in mediating how international visitors construct the host nation’s identity. The translation of national identity is even more important when sensitive topics are dealt with, such as exhibitions of the past in memorial museums. This paper takes the Taipei 228 Memorial Museum as a case study to examine how Taiwanese identity is formatted in the Chinese text and reframed in the English translation. The current study found inconsistent historical perspectives embedded in both texts, particularly in the English translation. We argue that, without awareness of ideological assumptions embedded in translations, museums run the risk of sending unintended messages to international visitors.
Practice Makes ‘Museum People’
Authors: Hakamies Inkeri
Published: February 2019

This article examines how museum work is evaluated, and how it affects museum professionals’ identities. The empirical material consists of biographical interviews of Finnish museum professionals. The key concept for the analysis is ‘museum people’, which represents the ideal museum workers. As a community of practice ‘museum people’ are defined by what they do – ‘proper’ museum work. Analyzing the defining practices and elements of the community also reveals that it is placed in a time and space of its own. Reflecting oneself to ‘museum people’ and their practices can be elemental for the identity work of a museum professional.Keywords: Museum work, practices, community of practice, professional identity
“I ♥ Skagens Museum”: Patterns of Interaction in the Institutional Facebook Communication of Museums
Authors: Laursen Ditte , Mortensen Christian Hviid , Olesen Anne Rørbæk , Schrøder Kim Christian
Published: February 2019

Facebook has often been hailed for affording participation and thus for representing an opportunity for institutions to interact with the public. However, research concerning how institutions are actualizing this communicative opportunity is still scarce. In this article, we seek to address this gap by investigating empirically how one type of institution, namely museums, and their Facebook followers, actually communicate. Our approach is innovative in combining analytical tools from speech act theory and Conversation Analysis (CA) to a corpus of activities from the Facebook pages of nine Danish museums of different types and sizes collected during eight consecutive weeks in 2013. This approach enables us to both investigate communicative actions as isolated speech acts and the micromechanics of the interaction that potentially arise from these actions. Our findings indicate that certain kinds of speech act are used more than others and that certain speech acts lead to more interaction than others. By analyzing a fairly standard example of museum/follower interaction, we show how different kinds of micro conversational dynamics play out. In light of this analysis, we ask what modes of participation the interaction affords and we discuss the implications of our findings for recent debates about how museums can adapt to the participatory paradigm underlying institutional Facebook communication.Key Words: Social media communication, Facebook, speech acts, conversation analysis,institutional communication, museums
Objects as identity markers – Ways of mediating the past in a South Sámi and Norse borderland
Authors: Swensen Grete
Published: February 2019

Museums have several means of communicating with their audiences. The problems discussed here concern how local museums interact with their audience when the past they want to portray is multiple, complex and sometimes disputed. It is based on an analysis of three exhibitions in local museums situated in a region where archaeological findings indicate that the South Sámi have been present since the Late Neolithic and the Bronze Age. It highlights the various ways in which the pluralistic past in the region is being portrayed by asking whether its history appears as neutralized, i.e. transmitted in passive impartial terms, or is exoticized, repressed or mediated through other images. The one common identity marker the three exhibitions share, although portrayed in different ways and with different effects, is the gåetie, a turf hut in common use in the South Sámi region. A tendency to neutralize the multiple and complex past in the South Sámi region takes place, either by operating in a form of ‘timeless past‘ or by referring to a shared ‘far away past‘ as fishers and hunters. By barely mentioning cultural encounters, the South Sámi and the Norse are primarily presented as ethnic groups who have lived isolated and independent of each other.Key words: disputed heritage; identity markers; South Sámi; perceptions of the past; museum exhibitions
Simmons, J.E. (2016) Museums. A History. London: Rowman & Littlefield
Authors: Tulliach Anna
Published: February 2019

Museums convincingly achieves the aim of giving a general summary of the key themes of the museum’s history. The author does not fail in missing a point: he offers a comprehensive history of museums from the ancient world to contemporary times, focusing on well-known historical examples of museum collections taken from different parts of the world and on contemporary subjects of debate in the museum world, producing a valuable synthesis of this wide topic. I recommend this book to museum studies students interested in the history of museums, but also to scholars who would like to have a complete and valuable summary of the subject.
Exhibiting Epistemic Objects
Authors: Tybjerg Karin
Published: February 2019

Scientific and medical collections contain many of what we may call epistemic objects, i.e. objects that have played important roles in the production of knowledge. Drawing on the work of H.-J. Rheinberger on ‘epistemic things’ and J. Pickstone on ‘ways of knowing’ this paper considers ways of exhibiting epistemic objects that utilize their knowledge-generating potential and allow them to continue to stimulate curiosity and generate knowledge in the exhibition. The epistemic potential of the objects can then be made to work together with the function of the exhibition as a knowledge-generating set-up in its own right. A focus on epistemic history further allows the cultural and scientific roles of objects of science to be combined in exhibitions. This paper takes its point of departure in the development of displays for the exhibition The Body Collected at Medical Museion in Copenhagen, which shows how anatomical specimens have been used to generate medical knowledge.  KeywordsEpistemic objects, objects of knowledge, scientific instruments, anatomical collections, science as process
Personal Albums and Cultural Encounters: The Photo Albums at the Dutch National Maritime Museum
Authors: Marselis Randi
Published: February 2019

Increasingly, historical photographs and photo albums are taken seriously as museum objects, and museums are finding new ways of informing their visitors about the photo-historical aspects of their collections. Taking off from recent research on the changing role of photography in museums as well as discussions of representational ethics in relation to anthropological and colonial photography, this article examines the exhibition The Photo Albums at the Dutch National Maritime Museum. Typically, the photo collections of maritime museums include many photographs that represent cultural encounters on foreign coasts, and such photos are also included in The Photo Albums. This article examines the tensions arising between the innovative, aesthetic design that encourages an immersive visitor experience and questions of representational ethics toward photographs of distant Others.
Sentimental Education. Sound and Silence at History Museums
Authors: De Jong Steffi
Published: February 2019

Using an interdisciplinary approach, this article analyses the uses of sound and silence in three Polish history museums: POLIN – Museum of the History of Polish Jews, the Warsaw Rising Museum and the Historical Museum of the City of Krakow’s exhibition Krakow under Nazi Occupation 1939-1945. It argues that in these museums sounds and silence serve a sentimental education. They are used both to transmit historical knowledge in a sensorial way and to affectively engage visitors. Diegetic sounds thereby generally serve the transmission of historical knowledge, whereas non-diegetic sounds are used as affective triggers. In tis way, a sonic immersion is achieved that induces visitors to feel as if they were in the past as well as inviting them to emotionally engage with this past.
‘Aimless and Absurd Wanderings’? Children at the Museum of Old and New Art (Mona)
Authors: Franklin Adrian , Sansom Michelle
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis article reports on the experience of children at the Museum of New and Old Art (Mona) in Hobart, Tasmania.  Referred to by its innovative owner as a ‘subversive adult Disneyland’, Mona went further than most new contemporary art galleries in designing a radically new experience of art.  It captured the imagination of people new to art in its own locality as well as a global art public.  Favoured by leading international contemporary artists for the freedom it gave art unmediated by art history, Mona also seemingly captured the imagination of children. Through an ethnographic approach in which five young children’s visits were documented in great detail, the article considers these in the light of children’s experiences of previous exhibitionary platforms and the relevance of Mona’s museological interventions for building their dispositions to art and broadening art publics.
Patterns of accountability: an organizational approach to community engagement in museums.
Authors: Morse Nuala
Published: February 2019

This paper considers the divergent and often contradictory registers of ‘community engagement’ in contemporary UK museum practice.  The paper draws on an organizational study of a large local authority museum service and focuses on how community engagement is constructed across a range of museum professionals who use it for different purposes and outcomes. I argue that different departments make sense of community engagement through four patterns of accountability, each with complimentary and divergent logics reflecting a wider range of museum functions, demands and pressures.  The tensions that arise are discussed. In the final part, the notion of ‘relational accountability’ (Moncrieffe 2011) is introduced to re-settle these divergent logics in order to argue for community engagement work that is grounded in a relational practice. The paper contributes to further theoretical and practical engagement with the work of participation in museums by bringing forward an organizational view to highlight the ways in which museum practice is mediated within organizational frames.
Thinking outside the box: galleries, museums and evaluation
Authors: Galloway Sheila , Stanley Julian
Published: February 2019

Museums and galleries in the UK increasingly engage with educational and social concerns; this article refers to research to evaluate two such initiatives. Evaluation of the Museum and Gallery Education Programme Phase 2, funded by the Department for Education and Skills, ends in August 2004. The research partnership to evaluate the ‘En-vision’ pilot action research programme, established by Engage (the national association for gallery education) with support from the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, the Carnegie UK Trust and three Arts Council regional offices, will complete in 2005. The article explores some key methodological issues relating to evaluation in this developing field. The conclusions are not necessarily endorsed by these sponsors; they are the views of the authors alone.
Museums, Nation and Political History in the Australian National Museum and the Canadian Museum of Civilization
Authors: Dean David , Rider Peter E
Published: February 2019

The role museums play in shaping the public’s understanding of the past has recently become a matter of considerable interest for historians and others. In Canada and Australia, portraits of their country’s history created by national museums have ignited considerable controversy. The Canadian Museum of Civlization’s Canada Hall was the subject of a review by four historians, chosen to examine the Hall’s portrayal of political history, while the National Museum of Australia faced a highly politicised public review of all of its exhibits soon after the museum opened. By analysing and interpreting the findings of these reviews, the authors raise questions about the ability of museums to respond to historical controversy, shifting historiographies and changing understandings of what is important in the past.