bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Norwegian Mobile Army Surgical Hospital in the Korean War (1951–1954): Military Hospital or Humanitarian “Sanctuary?”
Authors: Lockertsen Jan-Thore , Fause Åshild , Hallett Christine E.
Published: September 2019

During the Korean War (1950–1953) the Norwegian government sent a mobile army surgical hospital (MASH) to support the efforts of the United Nations (UN) Army. From the first, its status was ambiguous. The US-led military medical services believed that the “Norwegian Mobile Army Surgical Hospital” (NORMASH) was no different from any other MASH; but both its originators and its staff regarded it as a vehicle for humanitarian aid. Members of the hospital soon recognized that their status in the war zone was primarily that of a military field hospital. Yet they insisted on providing essential medical care to the local civilian population as well as trauma care to UN soldiers and prisoners of war. The ambiguities that arose from the dual mission of NORMASH are explored in this article, which pays particular attention to the experiences of nurses, as expressed in three types of source: their contemporary letters to their Matron-in-Chief; a report written by one nurse shortly after the war; and a series of oral history interviews conducted approximately 60 years later. The article concludes that the nurses of NORMASH experienced no real role-conflict. They viewed it as natural that they should offer their services to both military and civilian casualties according to need, and they experienced a sense of satisfaction from their work with both types of patient. Ultimately, the experience of Norwegian nurses in Korea illustrates the powerful sense of personal agency that could be experienced by nurses in forward field hospitals, where political decision-making did not impinge too forcefully on their clinical and ethical judgment as clinicians.
Kelembagaan Politik Islam: Konsep Konstitusi, Legislasi, Demokrasi, Ummah Dan Syura’
Authors: Budianto Kun
Published: September 2019

Islam is a religion perfect and comprehensive, it should have a major role in the political life of a country. To go toward the integration of society, the state and the Islamic ijtihad is needed that will provide guidance for parliamentarians or politicians in explaining hujahnya in politics. And the interaction of Muslims living in the modern world with the political will give new experiences and challenges towards a just and prosperous society. A clean and healthy politics will increase public confidence, especially in Indonesia that Islam is indeed manage all aspects from the economic, social, military, cultural to political. Political institutions in Islam, among others, consists of the concepts of the constitution, legislation, shura and democracy and also the ummah. Islam made ​​in the constitution is in order as the guidelines and rules of the game in the relationship between government and the people. Legislation created to deal with affairs of state and government set a law that will be enforced and implemented by people. While the shura and democracy are two interrelated things, shura is in deliberation and democracy also emphasizes the element of deliberation. And the ummah or community can be defined nation, people, people, communities and so on. It could be said that the people of an organization are bound by the rules of Islam.
Demokrasi Mahasiswa Universitas PGRI Palembang yang Dilaksanakan oleh Organisasi Mahasiswa (ORMAWA)
Authors: Yusmiono Boby Agus
Published: September 2019

Intention of this research is to understanding the role of PGRI university Palembang to elevate democracy to its student. This method research use the quantitative research procedure [is] way of measurement by using traditional Scale Guttman model ( cross sectional) in the form of number, percentage. The result of research show that the opinion from interview by 30 are manager Ormawa in environment of PGRI university Palembang, that is from result interview shall be as follows ( 1) indicator of college student knowledge to knowledge democratize that is equal to 64,75%, in meaning enough its Knowledge in democratizing. ( 2) Indicator of student involvement in campus democracy that is equal to 39,40%, meaning students are do not got mixed up with by a campus democracy in PGRI university Palembang. ( 3) Assessment Indicator of equal to 21,67% meaning campus democracy in PGRI university Palembang assessed is not effective and efficient. ( 4) indicator of freedom Expectation democratize equal to 68,20%, meaning Ormawa hope to own the role and freedom creativity in democratizing PGRI university Palembang.
Implementasi Peraturan Walikota Palembang Nomor 69 Tahun 2012 Tentang Pedoman Pemberian Hibah Dan Bantuan Sosial di Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kota Palembang
Authors: Apriani Reni
Published: September 2019

The study is based on the problems caused by its implementation such as grant, as in grant management that is not in accordance with the provisions. Grants are granted with the aim of supporting the improvement of governance and development functions. Grant spending is included in one part of the revenue and expenditure area. In overcoming this matter, the Government of Palembang City has made the Regulation of Mayor of Palembang Number 69 Year 2012 on Guidance of Grant and Social Assistance in Regional Financial Management and Asset of Palembang City. In this case the authors narrow the research that is on grant expenditure. In the Mayor Regulation there are rules in the process of grant giving for maximum results. This research is intended to find out how the grant in Palembang City Government. This study uses qualitative research methods with the four dimensions that are in the focus of research is the level of compliance, Smooth routine functions, performance and impacts arising from the policy. Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that the Implementation of the Mayor of Palembang Regulation Number 69 of 2012 on the Guidance Grant and Social Assistance this particular grant has not been successful.
Peluang Peran Serta Para Ahli Hukum Islam di Indonesia dalam Perumusan Kebijakan Publik
Authors: Darmawan Erik
Published: September 2019

Indonesia is a predominantly Muslim country. Muslims have their own rules of life, needs and interests that must be met that are different from other community groups. With its existence, the Indonesian Muslims are a group of interests. In the context of the life of the state, the needs and interests of Muslims can be fulfilled legally formal through their active participation in the political process and the process of public policy formulation. This paper examines the opportunities that Islamic jurists can take in the process of public policy formulation so that the needs and interests of Muslims can be met. The trick is to formulate new laws based on actual Islamic values, based on problems and realities in society and then propose them into a public policy. Islamic jurists must also actively engage in the process of public policy formulation. That is an opportunity that Muslim jurists can gain in helping people meet their distinctive needs and interests.
Islam, ethics and bioethics
Authors: Tabatadze G. S , Golitsyna O. Yu
Published: September 2019

The article discusses the influence of Sharia, as mandatory rules of behavior of Muslims, on ethical and bioethical norms of life. Based on the sources of Islam, the Koran and the Sunnah, rather than their various interpretations, the article deals with a number of problems of medical bioethics. It is noted that, despite the influence of modern biomedical technologies on modern world cultures, their moral and ethical comprehension is the least in Islam. All of these issues are considered solely on the basis of the provisions of the Koran and the Sunnah. From the various ethical positions that contain the Qur'an and the Sunnah, it can be concluded that the physician, as a true Muslim, must demonstrate the qualities prescribed by Islam to the individual. It is shown that discussions in Islamic countries in a number of areas of modern bioethics do not conflict with the sources of Islam. It is concluded that in the Islamic world the norms of medical bioethics are determined by religious beliefs, which are the dominant of all social life.
Socio-cultural representations of female in biomedicine: transformation vectors
Authors: Dondokova B. B
Published: September 2019

The article describes the sociocultural basis of representation of the feminine in biomedicine. The relevance of the topic is associated with the expansion of medical intervention in human reproduction and the proliferation of assisted reproductive technologies. These tendencies are based on a rather entrenched sociocultural interpretation of the feminine as a passive material principle. The anthropology of the female body is reduced only to its ability to bear children. The transformation of this attitude to the female ability to bear children is reflected in the work “Hospitality of the Matrix” by Irina Aristarkhova. The main vector of transformation is the position of restoring the subjectivity of a woman in her corporal incarnation. The author emphasizes the importance of the diversity of female subjectivity in all the richness of corporal experience.
Particularly vulnerable patients as a category of Bioethics and law
Authors: Mokhov A. A.
Published: September 2019

This article is devoted to the analysis of the categories of "vulnerable persons" and "particularly vulnerable patients." International and national ethical and legal acts are analyzed from the standpoint of mentioning certain groups of vulnerable persons. The author proves that certain groups of patients can be classified as the most vulnerable due to: age, presence of certain diseases; the difficult life situation; attracting as trial subjects. The approval and wider use of the phrase “particularly vulnerable patients” is necessary to further clarify the catalog of their rights, as well as to take additional measures to protect them.
Evtanazia as a form of implementation of human rights to death in the russian federation: ethical and legal aspects
Authors: Guryleva M. E , Khamitova G. M
Published: September 2019

Euthanasia is a procedure for stopping the life of a person experiencing pain and suffering. Attitude towards it depends on cultural, religious, ethical values. In connection with the problems that arise in all continents, the discussion of legal and ethical problems that are relevant to all mankind. The article deals with the problem of euthanasia, as a form of realization of the human right to death. The authors study the problems of population aging, statistics of growth in the number of patients with cancer, severe forms of incurable pathology, accompanied by the suffering of patients, a significant deterioration in their quality of life, and uncontrollable pain syndrome. The authors raise the question of the realization of the patient’s right to a dignified end to life and suggest holding a nationwide discussion on the possibility of resolving euthanasia in our country. The article analyzes the current legislation of the Russian Federation on the problem of a decent death, in particular, the ratio of such regulations as the constitutional right to life and the legislative ban on euthanasia. The authors conclude on the need to develop a special legal act regulating the procedure for conducting this procedure in the Russian Federation. The article contains the principles and conditions for conducting euthanasia, which should be enshrined in law with a positive decision of the issue. The experience of the Netherlands, Switzerland and Germany is given as an example.
Experience of pedagogical work on implementation of principles of medical deontology at training of students of medical university
Authors: Alyoshina N. F. , Piterskaya N. V. , Starikova I. V. , Radyshevskaya T. N
Published: September 2019

The introduction of the principles of medical ethics in teaching students is carried out by the staff of the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry in practical classes, lectures, during the work of student scientific circles and evening student polyclinics, as well as during extracurricular time in the process of curatorial work of teachers. During practical classes, the teacher pays attention to students not only theoretical knowledge and practical skills, but also deontological principles in relation to the patient: respect, polite treatment, which helps to gain the patient’s trust, to establish good contact, in many respects helping to conduct a successful examination of the patient, to put the right diagnosis and prescribe effective treatment. Solving situational problems reveals the ability of students to generalize results, conduct differential diagnostics with similar diseases, assign additional examination methods, which develops clinical thinking, the ability to tactfully and competently compose questions to identify the patient’s history and complaints, taking into account his emotional state and the results of an objective examination. The purpose of such training is aimed at educating students of a sense of duty and responsibility towards patients and colleagues. The consolidation and deepening of knowledge in deontology is achieved not only by solving situational problems, but also by solving test tasks, working on essays on the proposed topic under the guidance of a teacher, as well as preparing for performances at student scientific and practical conferences and participating in student Olympiads. Interactive teaching methods contribute to the improvement of the quality of training of future specialists, allow learning to interact with each other. With the help of such teaching methods, the formation of cognitive and professional motives, the development of systemic thinking of the future dentist in accordance with the core competencies, takes place.
Problems of bioethics in veterinaria: transplantation of dogs organs
Authors: Kozhevnikova Magdalena PhD
Published: September 2019

The article reviews the bioethics of veterinary medicine as an alternative to the professional ethics of a veterinarian. From this position the transplantation of organs in the field of veterinary medicine is analyzed, its ethical problems are compared with the ethical problems of transplantology in human medicine. The case of two recent kidney transplantations to dogs in Poland, and the public reaction to them, as well as kidney transplantation to dogs in Moscow, which have been already conducted for several years, are described. The problem of organ donation in the field of veterinary medicine and the quality of life of donor dogs is being raised. The author argues that these cases go beyond professional ethics and should be considered more widely, ге. in the framework of bioethics.
COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PLASTIC WASTE BANKS IN PASURUAN REGENCY EAST JAVA PROVINCE
Authors: Helpiastuti Selfi Budi , Jahro Siti
Published: September 2019

This study describes collaborative governance in the management of plastic waste bank in Pasuruan Regency. The problem of plastic waste experienced by Pasuruan Regency regarding the ineffectiveness of plastic waste management has led to Government efforts to overcome it, one of which is through a plastic waste bank. The emergence of plastic waste banks in Pasuruan Regency began with the participation of the community. This study uses a qualitative approach, a type of descriptive research and uses two types of data, namely primary data and secondary data. Data obtained through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis. Determination of research informants was done purposively. The validity of the data uses triangulation and analysis techniques using interactive models. The results of the study show that collaborative governance in the management of plastic waste banks has been carried out through four stages, namely assessment, initiation, deliberation, and implementation. The process of collaborative governance begins with the process of assessment or identification, carrying out plastic waste management involving several stakeholders. Next is the initiation process, conducting deliberations which were attended by stakeholders. Then the stages of deliberation through deliberation and dialogue to reach agreement between stakeholders in collaborating and the last stages of implementation carried out by all stakeholders in accordance with the assigned division of tasks. Collaboration in the management of plastic waste banks is still semiformal, which is only based on the commitment of the stakeholders involved.

Keywords: collaborative governance, management of plastic waste banks
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN TOURISM MANAGEMENT OF DIPOWINATAN TOURISM VILLAGE IN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Sumarto Rumsari Hadi
Published: September 2019

Along with the culture changing of modern society that positions tourist visits as a necessity, Yogyakarta has become a tourist destination for tourists. However, if it's observed, the existing destinations have not shown significant development. The destinations offered are still old destinations such as Malioboro and surrounding areas which are tourist icons in Yogyakarta. Meanwhile, other districts in Yogyakarta keep on developing tourist destinations in their area. Therefore, Yogyakarta needs to find new breakthroughs to keep attracting tourists. Tourism village development needs to be intensified so that it can become a cultural tourism destination. However, the tourism village has not been widely known by the public. In the implementation of policies in the tourism field, community participation in tourism villages has not been managed intensively. Based on the background, this study aims to describe and analyze community participation in tourism management, especially Dipowinatan Tourism Village in Yogyakarta. This research uses qualitative research. Through the Community Based Tourism (CBT) approach, residents feel that they have a cultural tourism destination in their area and participate in developing these destinations and can increase the economic income of the residents. Thus, to realize sustainable tourism, there is a need for participation from the community where the community is involved in the implementation of tourism policies through the management of tourism villages.

Keywords: Tourist destination, Participation, Policy Implementation
DESIGN OF PANCASILA IN TROIKA TRAINS
Authors: Permana Ipik , Hamirul Hamirul
Published: September 2019

Various kinds of cases that occur in this country are caused by the lack of practice of Pancasila which is the basis of this country, ranging from various kinds of problems that occur nowadays to widespread corruption cases and many more cases involving politicians, businessmen and bureaucrats in this article called the troika train has three horses that can draw a train which is analogous as a country, this term is taken from Russia for a small train drawn by three horses and this is analogous to the three roles of politicians, businessmen and bureaucrats as government representatives. Politicians, bureaucrats and entrepreneurs where they do more actions that are not in accordance with the Pancasila and harm the community and cause the gap of poverty to deepen between one another.In each component of precepts that exist in pencasila should be applied to all the actions of politicians, businessmen and bureaucrats in terms of serving the community and if all the precepts have been fixed, of course the thing called corruption will not happen in this country and of course this corrupt act is detrimental and many people really hope that the troika train (Politicians, Bureaucrats and Entrepreneurs) can implement and apply the spirit of Pancasila in every policy for politicians and services for all bureaucrats and entrepreneurs and run their businesses in accordance with the essence of Pancasila.

Keywords: Pancasila, Train Troika, Entrepreneurs, bureaucrats, politicians.
DIFFERENCES OF JOB SATISFACTION AMONG THREE GENERATIONS: A STUDY IN PT ASDP INDONESIA FERRY (PERSERO)
Authors: Akhmad Fauzie , Nasution Yasmine
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze job satisfaction' differences among three generations (generation Y, generation X, and generation Baby Boomer) in PT ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero). Additional focus is placed on discovering any variations dimension of job satisfaction' preferences on these three generations, particularly about any intrinsic or extrinsic factors on generation Y that differ with generation X or generation Baby Boomer. The population is the employee of PT ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero) based in Jakarta. Data analyzed using SPSS with multivariate GLM method on 189 respondents. This study revealed that there are job satisfaction’s differences among the three generations in PT ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero), some indicating that generation Y is more intrinsic than extrinsic factor’s preference which contrary to current popular belief.

Keywords: Job satisfaction; Generation Y; Generation X; Baby Boomer.
IN SEARCH OF DIVINITY: PAVING THE PATH FOR SPIRITUAL TOURISM IN GARUT REGENCY, INDONESIA
Authors: Ulumudin Aceng , Akbar Gugun Geusan , Kania Ikeu , Pasciana Rostiena , Pundensari Pupung
Published: September 2019

: The tourism industry is projected to be the largest foreign exchange earner in Indonesia in 2019, surpassing the oil and gas, coal and palm oil sectors. There is a paradigm shift in tourism from "sun, sand and sea" to "serenity, sustainability and spirituality". The purpose of this study is to examine the conditions and potential of pilgrimage tourism in Garut Regency as part of spiritual tourism destinations. By using a qualitative approach, beside in-dept intervew conducted toward a number of key persons, observation was also carried out to obtain a clear picture of both tangible and intangible elements in the tourist attraction. The results showed that the potential of  pilgrimage tourist attractions in Garut Regency were considered very good, even though it had not significantly impact  in increasing local revenue (PAD). The strengths and weaknesses of this pilgrimage tourism were discussed comprehensively in this research. The output of this study had a major impact toward the tourism agency of Garut Regency, as a consideration for the tourism potential of Garut which is packed in ”Pesona Garut”.

Keywords: pilgrimage tourism, spiritual tourism destinations, local revenue
THE KATINGAN CONSERVATION PROGRAM FOR BORNEO AS A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY AT KATINGAN REGENCY, CENTRAL KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri
Published: September 2019

The largets capital of development is sourced from natural resources, therefore, to guarantee the continuous development, the management of natural resources and environment should be carried out professionally and wisely while still taking into account the conditions of the environment and available natural resources in accordance with the concept of sustainable development. The sustainable development strategy in the Katingan Conservation program for Borneo is an effort to improve development through improving the economy and people's welfare while maintaining the preservation of natural resources and the environment. The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze a sustainable development strategy model through the Katingan Conservation Program for Borneo in Katingan Regency, Central Kalimantan. With a qualitative descriptive approach where data collection is carried out by observation, interviews and documentation, the results of the research show that the strategy concept undertaken is through environmental sustainability strategies, economic sustainability strategies and socio-cultural sustainability strategies.

Keywords: sustainable development, conservation of natural resources and environment.
Flipped vs. Traditional: An Analysis of Teaching Techniques in Finance and Psychology
Authors: Andreychik Michael Robert , Martinez Valeria
Published: September 2019

Recently there has been a surge of interest in technology-aided teaching strategies such as the flipped classroom. Given the growing interest in these techniques it is important to critically evaluate their effectiveness. Although most existing research on the flipped classroom suggests an advantage of the flipped approach over a more traditional lecture approach, most of this research has been conducted in ways that preclude definitive conclusions about the relative effectiveness of the flipped approach. We present the results of a study that addressed many of these methodological limitations and compared the effectiveness of the flipped approach to a traditional lecture approach across two semesters in courses from two different disciplines, Finance and Psychology. We found mixed support for the effectiveness of the flipped vs. the traditional approach. In particular, in the Psychology courses the flipped approach resulted in superior performance on quizzes administered immediately after exposure to the material, but resulted in similar performance on exams administered some time after initial exposure. In contrast, in the Finance courses the flipped approach resulted in similar performance on immediately-administered quizzes, but superior performance on later-administered exams.
Writing Scholarship of Teaching and Learning Articles for Peer-Reviewed Journals
Authors: Healey Mick , Matthews Kelly E , Cook-Sather Alison
Published: September 2019

LOCATE: There are many general books and articles on publishing in peer-reviewed journals, but few specifically address issues around writing for scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) journals. One of the challenges of beginning to write about SoTL is that most scholars have become interested in exploring teaching and learning issues in higher education (HE) alongside their disciplinary interests and have to grapple with a new literature and sometimes unfamiliar methods and genres as well. Hence, for many, as they write up their SoTL projects, they are simultaneously forging their identities as SoTL scholars.
FOCUS: We unpack the process of writing SoTL articles for peer-reviewed journals with the goal of supporting both new and experienced SoTL scholars (faculty/academics, professional staff, and students) as they nurture and further develop their voices and their SoTL identities and strive to contribute to the enhancement of learning and teaching in HE.
REPORT: We pose three related sets of overarching questions for consideration when writing SoTL articles for peer-reviewed journals followed by heuristic frameworks for publishing in five specific writing genres (empirical research articles, conceptual articles, case studies of practice, reflective essays, and opinion pieces).
ARGUE:  Using the metaphor of being in conversation, we argue that writing is a values-based process that contributes to the identity formation of SoTL scholars and their sense of belonging within the SoTL discourse community.
Process design for social empowerment under the inequitable phenomenon of conurbation; new links between Academia and communities
Authors: Lozano de Poo Juan Manuel , Molina Ayala María Elena
Published: September 2019

This study aims to improve the welfare of local rurban communities by reducing their vulnerability, thereby empowering them through new strategic partnerships with Academia in order to address the inequitable phenomenon of conurbation, and reappraise the rurban landscape as a cultural capital. The willingness to meet specific demands from members of rurban localities is the driving force for creating an inclusive design process, which consists of three areas: the local community, as well as students and researchers from the Faculty interacting assertively with and in such a context. The design process is focused on providing viable options for communities to relate the physical and social structure systems that make up the habitat to the objective of leveraging their capacity for resilience, as well as strengthening their identity. The creation of new links between Academia and communities at-risk encourages the participation of the three areas that make up the design process. Through communities' experience and cultural capital, a dialogue can be instated between the uncertainty and empowerment of the parties involved. Coexistence between rural and urban landscapes requires a system and structure, which actively promotes the preservation of natural resources and social cohesion. The task of each of the participants encounters its true meaning when practical actions arising from and for the adaptation of the local cultural landscape become a reality. How does one begin if not by opening a dialogue between researchers and student members of vulnerable communities?
Los procesos de regeneración urbana basados en la cultura en el centro de Monterrey, México
Authors: Garza-Rodríguez Fabiola Rosamaría
Published: September 2019

En las últimas décadas, la cultura se ha utilizado como estrategia de regeneración urbana por ser un concepto permeable hacia otras áreas de desarrollo. Desde hace 30 años se manifiesta que el centro de Monterrey está en deterioro, por lo que el sector público ha realizado regeneraciones urbanas con fuerte implicación cultural. A pesar de la calidad y magnitud de los proyectos, estos no han logrado los objetivos esperados. En contraparte, surgen intervenciones urbanas por residentes locales que están logrando transformar la imagen urbana de manera positiva. Utilizando un método cualitativo se analizan y contrastan los proyectos de regeneración a partir de entrevistas a actores clave. Entre los principales resultados destaca que el centro cuenta con un alto potencial cultural que se ve disminuido por la falta de comunicación entre actores, los cuales, actuando en separado han contribuido a que la degradación en lugar de que cese, continúe.
Kebiasaan Membaca Label Gizi Berhubungan Dengan Asupan Natrium Pada Wanita Dewasa
Authors: Ady Dea Dellyana Wahyutia , Sumarmi Sri
Published: September 2019

Background: Sodium is one of the nutrients which is mandatory to be displayed in food packaging. High intake of sodium can increase the risk blood pressure elevation and hypertension. The habit of reading the nutrition label can affect in dietary intake, one of them is sodium.Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between the habit of reading the nutrition label and sodium intake in female adolescents.Methods: This study was a cross sectional study with citizens of  Modong Village, Tulangan Sub-district, Sidoarjo District with 70 participants. Sample collection used a simple random sampling method. Sodium intake data was collected through interview using Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Data of habit of reading the nutrition label were obtained through interview in reading nutrition label frequency. Statistical test performed was chi square test.Result: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between reading habit of nutrition fact with sodium intake among adult woman (p=0.023). Most respondents rarely read nutrition label (40%) and inadequate sodium intake (30%).Conclusion: The habit of reading nutrition label is significantly associated with sodium intake in female adolescents in Modong Village, Tulangan Sub-district, Sidoarjo District.ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Natrium adalah salah satu zat gizi yang wajib ditampilkan di label pangan kemasan. Asupan tinggi natrium meningkatkan resiko peningkatan tekanan darah dan hipertensi. Kebiasaan membaca label gizi dapat berpengaruh terhadap asupan zat gizi, salah satunya natrium.Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan kebiasaan membaca label gizi dengan asupan natrium pada wanita dewasa.Metode: Penelitian cross sectional ini dilakukan pada populasi wanita dewasa di Desa Modong, Kecamatan Tulangan, Kabupaten Sidoarjo dengan 70 orang responden. Teknik pengumpulan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Data asupan natrium didapatkan melalui wawancara menggunakan Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Data kebiasaan membaca label gizi didapatkan melalui wawancara frekuensi membaca label gizi. Hubungan antara kebiasaan membaca label gizi dengan asupan natrium dianalisis menggunakan uji statistic uji chi square.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kebiasaan membaca label gizi dengan asupan natrium (p=0,023). Sebagian besar responden jarang membaca label gizi (40%) dan mengonsumsi natrium yang berlebih (30%).Kesimpulan: Kebiasaan membaca label gizi memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan asupan natrium wanita dewasa di Desa Modong, Kecamatan Tulangan, Kabupaten Sidoarjo.
Epidemiology of primary biliary cholangitis and its factors: An updated systematic review
Authors: Wu Nan , Jin Rui , Wang Xiao-Xiao , Jiang Han-Ji , Luo Bi-Fen , Song Guang-Jun , Feng Bo
Published: September 2019

Background To understand the latest data on the prevalence and incidence rates for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and its factors, we systematically reviewed recent studies on epidemiology of PBC.Methods Case-finding and general population-based studies reporting prevalence and/or incidence rates for PBC were systematically identified by searching electronic databases combined with manual searching.Results A total of 37,452 PBC patients from 22 studies based on cases and 6 based on general population were included, which covered over 112.62 million inhabitants and 107,490 individuals undergoing health check-ups. As for case-finding studies, global prevalence and incidence rates for PBC ranged from 2.6 to 58.2 per 100,000 inhabitants and 0.8 to 5.3 per 100,000 inhabitants/year during the past decade, in which the variable data are associated with gender, age, race and region. Of the individuals undergoing health check-ups, 1,034 were positive for type M2 antimitochondrial antibody (AMA-M2) and 150 were diagnosed as PBC, and prevalence rates of positive AMA-M2 and PBC ranged from 430.7 to 1,456.9 and 49.2 to 276.6 per 100,000 individuals. The prevalence ratios of male/female were 1:2.2 and 1:4.1 in individuals with positive AMA-M2 and in PBC patients.Conclusions Global prevalence and incidence rates for PBC vary widely, which were significantly affected by gender, age, race and region. Studies based on general population showed a much higher prevalence of PBC and AMA-M2, and the association of gender with AMA-M2 may be far less than that with PBC in real world.
Relationship between cognitive factors and healthy spine-related behavior among pupils
Authors: Chehrehbargh Zahra Akbari , Tavafian Sedigheh S. , Montazeri Ali
Published: September 2019

Background Back pain is one of the most important public health problems. It is on rise among adolescent and pupils’ population. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between cognitive factors (skills, knowledge, self-efficacy, and expectation beliefs) and back care behavior among pupils.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted on a random sample of students attending public elementary schools in Tehran, Iran from October 2018 to March 2019. They completed a questionnaire containing items on cognitive abilities and a checklist to assess their skills on back care behaviors. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to find out the contribution of cognitive factors on outcome.Results In all, 204 students were entered into the study. The results revealed that 95.3% of the variance in the back behavior was explained by self-efficacy (β=0.586, t=12.08, P<0.001), expectation beliefs (β=0.232, t= 5.08, P<0.001), and skills (β=0.181, t=4.46, P<0.001).Conclusion These results showed that the pupils who had more confident, skills, and expectation beliefs were more likely to do proper back behavior. In this regard, school-based back pain prevention interventions should be addressed using key cognitive factors that consider the potential change strategies.
Shaping the Evolution of CME towards better Outcomes: Proceedings of the 2018 ISSECAM Colloquium
Authors: Michel Martin C. , Toelen Jaan , Tombal Bertrand , Papalois Vassilios , Littlejohns Peter , Cervero Ronald M. , Schoenmakers Birgitte , Graham Ian , Michels Nele R. , Hofstädter-Thalmann Eva , Preiningerova Jana Lizrova , Speakman Mark J.
Published: September 2019

Continuing medical education (CME) as part of life-long learning in medicine should focus on patient outcomes and appropriate care by increasing knowledge, competence and/or performance of clinicians. In this article, we present the views of the different stakeholders on the future of CME, presented at the ISSECAM colloquium held in December 2018. Within the framework of the colloquium, a survey was done asking health care professionals about their learning practices. We present an integrated summary of the attendees’ views and survey results. Key elements for effective learning in CME and how they can be implemented have been identified. Increased interactivity and focus on real-life practice seem to have the highest likelihood to induce behavioural changes. In addition, online CME activities will steadily gain more weight in the learning curriculum of medical practitioners. CME providers should take these elements (interactivity, real-life practice, online) into consideration when designing their different activities.
Design and Application of Mobile Clinical Education
Authors: Wang Jin , Ma Xianghua , Cai Jinxin , Gao Shiqi , Zhao Ting , Wang Fujie , Pan Chen
Published: September 2019

Background: To design and evaluate a mobile app to provide Mobile Clinical Education (MCE).Students: 181 students from the Nursing Department of Nanjing Medical University. Methods: The students were divided into an MCE group and a control group based on their class organization. “Nutrition” was chosen as the experimental course. The MCE app was developed and applied during a whole semester for the MCE group, while the control group was taught using the traditional method of passive transfer of information from lecturer to group of students. Results: The MCE group performed better on the final examination (69.1 ± 7.5 vs 67.9 ± 6.7, t = 1.127, P = 0.26); and in terms of general evaluation(74.9 ± 6.0 vs 67.9 ± 6.7, t = 7.419, P < 0.001). There was a significant increase in the MCE group after introduction of MCE in terms of course appeal (t = -4.75, P < 0.001), classroom communication and the opportunity to discuss and debate what they had learnt (t = -4.5, P < 0.001) and course content (t = -4.44, P < 0.001).Conclusion: MCE has been found to improve learning and the overall experience. The application and promotion of this teaching method should improve medical education in terms of flexibility, practicability and extensiveness.
First Report of Successful Hybridization betweenArachis vallsiiandArachis dardani
Authors: Cason J. M. , Simspon C. E. , Rooney W. L. , Brady J. A.
Published: September 2019

Core Ideas

Development of drought tolerance has become a priority in many crops, including peanut.

Germplasm collection data show there is variation among wild relatives of peanut for drought tolerance.

This research represents the first report of a successful hybridization of sectionArachiswith sectionHeteranthae.

In this study, a hybrid of the bridge speciesArachis vallsiiandA. dardaniwas created to initiate an introgression pathway for movement of possible drought tolerance into the cultivated peanut (A. hypogaeaL.).Arachis vallsiiis now accepted as belonging to sectionArachisby most taxonomists who work with the genus.Arachis dardaniis a member of sectionHeteranthae. Based on conformation of intermediate, seed, leaf, and flower morphology of the hybrid, this article represents the first report of successful hybridization between sectionArachis(A. vallsii) and species of sectionHeteranthae(A. dardani).
Magyarországot érintő magyar nemzetközi vándorlások a Kárpát-medencében 2011 és 2017 között
Authors: Kincses Áron
Published: September 2019

A Magyarországot érintő nemzetközi vándorlásnak két szintjét különböztethetjük meg, melyek markánsan eltérnek egymástól: a globális migrációs hatás, valamint a környező országok és hazánk közötti folyamatok. A nemzetközi migráció hazai jellegzetessége, hogy a bevándorló népesség nagy része magyar nemzetiségű, ami részben az I. és II. világháborút lezáró békeszerződések következménye.
A külhoni területekről Magyarországra történő vándorlások a magyarság Kárpát-medencei összlétszámát rövidtávon nem változtatják meg, azonban hosszabb időhorizonton csökkenthetik, mivel az etnikai térszerkezetre jelentős befolyásuk van: lokálisan, az elvándorlási térségekben a magyarok számával arányosan csökkennek a lehetőségek, és a szórványosodással párhuzamosan megjelenhet az asszimiláció. A rendszerváltás utáni népességmozgások tették egyértelművé, hogy a magyar nyelvközösség körében lejátszódó demográfiai folyamatokat – az 1918-ban bekövetkezett széttagoltság, és a közel 100 éves „szétfejlődés” ellenére – csak akkor ismerhetjük meg, ha azokat együtt, egységes folyamatként vizsgáljuk. Mindaz, ami Magyarországon zajlik, csak része a magyar nyelvközösség népesedési folyamatainak, de nem azonos azzal. Cél ezáltal nemcsak a magyarországi, hanem a Kárpát-medencei magyarság létszámcsökkentésének megállítása is lehet. Ennek megvalósítása nem egyszerű feladat, mert ellentétes a szomszédos országok nemzeti érdekeivel.
A Kárpát-medence országaiból a nem magyarok lakta területekről érkezők száma növekszik, újra megfigyelhető hazánkban a nem magyar etnikumúak asszimilációja, melyben az 1918 előtti idők demográfiai folyamatait ismerhetjük fel. Kérdés tehát, hogy a mai magyar népességfejlődés mennyire lehet folytatása az 1918-as évet megelőző évszázadoknak.
A tanulmányban leírt vándorlási folyamatok jelentős hatással lennének a magyarság Kárpát-medencei etnikai térszerkezetére és létszámára, ha a többi etnikum száma nem csökkenne hasonlóan a magyarhoz. A szülőföldön maradás erősödése, a visszavándorlások számának, illetve a helyi magyarság termékenységi rátájának emelkedése jelenthetne megoldást a problémára. Mindezzel talán elérhető lenne, hogy a Kárpát-medencében újra 50% fölé emelkedjen a magyar nemzetiségűek aránya. Ennek a folyamatnak jelenleg legnagyobb gátja az a népességveszteség, amely az alacsony termékenység, a magas halálozás következtében a Kárpát-medence magyar népességét éri.
Developing Moodle E-Learning Media to Teach Descriptive Text Writing
Authors: Zahroh Layla Fatimatutz
Published: September 2019

This research was conducted based on the researcher’s observation that every student and teachers had facilities for using e-learning system, but they couldn’t use it effectively. The aims of this research were 1) to explain the extent to which the product development needed to teach the writing of descriptive text; 2) to explain how the media potentially developed through Moodle e-learning media to teach descriptive text writing; 3) to explain the effectiveness of Moodle e-learning media to teach descriptive text writing. The subject of this research was students at tenth grade of SMK NU Ma’arif 01 Semarang. The scientific involved 47 students. 22 students were in the control class, and 25 students were in the experimental class. The data were collected through pre-test and post-test. The result of this research described as follow: 1) the extent needed of developing Moodle e-learning media is as follow: a) the students’ need analysis mentioned in the rate 96%, that students agreed toward Moodle e-learning media because it was very helpful. b) the total of validation result from expert validation 1 and 2 was 79.1% 2) The researcher developed Moodle e-learning media was done by using seven steps R and D research adapted by Borg and Gall. 3) the effectiveness of product supported by the results of students posttest that obtained 76.04. Based on those findings, this Moodle is valid to be implemented in an English learning process.
Designing a Midterm Reading Test for Junior High School Students in Semarang: A Practical Experience of a Master Student in TESOL
Authors: Waliyadin Waliyadin
Published: September 2019

Designing a test is an uneasy task. It is proven by the fact that many teachers find difficulties in designing a good test. The present article attempts to review the English school exam in Indonesia and present an example of the test design of a midterm reading test for junior high school students in Semarang. To this end, firstly, a sample of test script of the school exam for JHS students in Semarang in the academic year 2017/2018 was reviewed. The review of the test shows that creating a good quality of test items still become a concern for English teachers as they made some grammatical errors. Consecutively, a midterm reading test was also designed and administered in a junior high school in Semarang, Central Java. Then, the test designed was evaluated by considering the validity, reliability, and practicality as suggested by (Brown Abeywickrama, 2010).  The administration of the test and evaluation show some weaknesses; therefore, the suggestions for the betterment of the test design are also made, such as revising some test items with a very low facility index and negative discrimination index. This study implicates pedagogically the teachers to train students on how to summarize and paraphrase since these skills underrepresented.
Removal of cyanotoxins in drinking water using ozone and ozone-hydrogen peroxide (peroxone)
Authors: Ponnusamy Guhankumar , Francis Lijo , Loganathan Kavithaa , Ogunbiyi Oluwaseun O. , Jasim Saad , Saththasivam Jayaprakash
Published: September 2019

Presence of cyanotoxins in drinking water poses a great risk to public health. Elevated levels of cyanotoxins in drinking water can lead to acute gastroenteritis, liver diseases, and neurotoxicity. In this study, drinking water samples were collected across the eastern part of Qatar and screened using a rapid assay to detect the presence of microcystins and nodularins. The results showed that the toxin concentrations in all the water samples were below the WHO prescribed limit of 1 μg/L. Considering a worst-case scenario, toxin removal efficiencies were evaluated using ozone and ozone-hydrogen peroxide by spiking drinking water samples with microcystin-LR (MC-LR) at different oxidant dosages, toxin concentrations, water temperatures, and total organic carbon. It was found that peroxone-treated water samples have better MC-LR removal efficiency than molecular ozone at lower oxidant dosages. Nevertheless, at higher oxidant dosages, both ozonation and peroxone oxidation methods showed a similar removal efficiency. The experimental results also clearly indicated that variation in water temperature between 22 °C and 35 °C has minimal effect on the removal efficiency in both the treatment methods. It was also confirmed that the presence of organic carbon has a more profound detrimental impact than water temperature for toxin removal.
Prediction of side thermal buoyant discharge in the cross flow using multi-objective evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR-MOGA)
Authors: Khosravi Milad , Javan Mitra
Published: September 2019

The capability to predict the distribution of pollutants in water bodies is one of the most important issues in the design of jet outfalls. Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model and multi-objective evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR-MOGA) are used and compared in modeling the temperature field in the side thermal buoyant discharge in the cross flow. The input variables used for training the EPR-MOGA models are spatial coordinates (x, y, z), jet to cross flow velocity ratio (R), depth of the channel (d), and the temperature excess (T0). A previous experimental study is used to verify and compare the performance of the EPR-MOGA and CFD models. The results show that the EPR-MOGA model predicts the thermal cross section of the flow and the spread of pollutants at the surface with a better accuracy than the CFD model. However, the CFD method performs significantly better than EPR-MOGA in predicting temperature profiles. The uncertainty analysis indicated that the EPR-MOGA model had lower mean prediction error and smaller uncertainty band than the CFD model. The relationships achieved by the EPR-MOGA model are very useful to predict temperature profiles, temperature half-thickness, and temperature spread on surface in practice.