bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studi Inovasi Desain Produk Jam Dinding Menggunakan AI
Authors: Ratu Gregorius Samodra Bhato
Published: January 2023

Desain Produk merupakan suatu proses dalam merancang desain produk yangfungsional, efektif, dan bermanfaat dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dan keingin konsumen.Fungsi dari produk desain ini memeberikan quality kontrol, meningkatkan penjulanproduk, dan juga mempengaruhi suatu bisnis berjalan. Sedangkan AI atau artificialintelligence merupakan simulasi kercerdesaan manusia yang dijalankan memalui mesinatau program dengan cara kerja seperti pikiran manusia.
FILSAFAT HUKUM MENJADIKAN ILMU HUKUM SEBUAH SOLUSI DARI MASALAH HUKUM
Authors: murdanil syafri ajis
Published: January 2023

Filsafat lahir di Yunani pada abad keenam Sebelum Masehi (SM). Dalam bahasa Yunani filsafat disebut philosophia yang berasal dari dua akar kata yakni “philos” atau “philia” dan “sophos” atau “sophia”. “Philos” mempunyai arti cinta, persahabatan, sedangkan “sophos” berarti hikmah, kebijaksanaan, pengetahuan, dan inteligensia. Dengan demikian maka philosophia ini dapat diartikan sebagai cinta akan kebijaksanaan. Pengertian filsafat secara umum hampir sama tetapi yang membedakan hanyalah dari para filsuf yang memaparkan teori filsafat tersebut. Kemudian munculnya jaman filsafat modern dengan perkembangan yang semakin berubah pula seiring perkembangan jaman
The Effect of Legal Consciousness of the Korean Unification Law on South Koreans’ Attitudes Towards Unification and Preferences on Policies Towards North Korea
Authors: Kim Dongkyu , Lim Jungbin
Published: January 2023

The Republic of Korea enacted and promulgated the Inter-Korean Exchange and Cooperation Act on August 1, 1990 to specifically execute the Special Presidential Declaration for National Pride and Unification Prosperity, expressing its willingness to promote North Korea and unification policies based on the rule of law. As a result, the Ministry of Unification currently holds 31 laws, Presidential decrees, and Ministry of Unification decrees. However, the public's understanding of the Unification Law is insufficient, even though interest in North Korea and inter-Korean relations is high, due to the fact that the North Korea policy has been led by the president and the administration so far and the National Assembly, a legislative body, has been very lowly responsible for inter-Korean relations. Effective rule of law reduces corruption, protects people from injustice, while recognizing responsible government and fundamental rights, and lays the foundation for a community of justice, opportunity, and peace. In order to become an ideal unified state, a legal system must be secured to create a fair society according to reasonable and public rules through "rule of law," not arbitrarily by the ruler. The present study examined the legal consciousness of unification-related laws among 240 South Korean citizens over the age of 19 using an online questionnaire. Results show that legal consciousness of Unification Laws has an impact on attitudes towards unification and preferences for Inter-Korean policy. This suggests that the government could consider expanding the functionality of the Database on a Unified Korea’s Legal System and strengthening legal education in the curriculum of the National Institute for Unification Education.
The effect of performance pressure and error-feedback on anxiety and performance in an interceptive task
Authors: Harris David , Arthur Tom , Vine Samuel James , Rahman Harith Rusydin Abd , Han Feng , liu jiayi , Wilson Mark
Published: January 2023

While the disruptive effects of anxiety on attention and performance have been well documented, the antecedents to anxiety in motivated performance scenarios are less well understood. We therefore sought to understand the cognitive appraisals that mediate the relationship between pressurised performance situations and the onset of anxiety. We tested the effects of performance pressure and error feedback on appraisals of the probability and cost of failure, the experience of anxiety, and subsequent impacts on visual attention, movement kinematics, and task performance during a virtual reality interception task. A series of linear mixed effects models indicated that failure feedback and situational pressure influenced moment-to-moment appraisals of the probability and cost of failure, which subsequently predicted the onset of anxious states. We did not, however, observe downstream effects on performance and attention. The findings support the predictions of Attentional Control Theory Sport, that i) momentary errors lead to negative appraisals of the probability of future failure; and ii) that appraisals of both the cost and probability of future failure are important predictors of anxiety. The results contribute to a better understanding of the precursors to anxiety and the feedback loops that may maintain anxious states.
COVID protection behaviours, mental health, risk perceptions and control beliefs: A dynamic temporal network analysis of daily diary data
Authors: Jones Christopher Martin , O'Connor Daryl Brian , Ferguson Stuart G , Schüz Benjamin
Published: January 2023

Background: Behavioural non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as social distancing and hygiene (masking, hand hygiene) were implemented widely during the COVID-19 pandemic to control infections. NPI adherence is crucial for effectiveness, but has also been implied in an increase in mental health problems. However, existing studies often have designs unsuited to understanding mechanistic relationships between NPI adherence, mental health symptoms, and health-related cognitions (risk perceptions, control beliefs). Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for the refinement of existing and the designs of effective future NPIs.Purpose: To separate between- and temporal within-person associations between mental health, risk cognitions and NPI adherence.Methods: Six-month ecological momentary assessment study with six 4-day assessment bouts in 397 German adults. Daily measurement of adherence, mental health symptoms and cognitions during bouts. We used dynamic temporal network analysis to estimate between- person, as well as contemporaneous and temporal within-person effects for distancing and hygiene NPIs.Results: Distinct networks of mental health, health cognitions and adherence emerged. Participants with higher control and higher susceptibility were also more adherent. Similar within-person contemporaneous patterns; additionally, distancing and loneliness were associated. Temporally, better adherence to NPIs was associated with better mental health on subsequent days, whereas higher loneliness was associated with better subsequent hygiene adherence.Conclusion: Findings suggest no negative impact of NPI adherence on mental health or vice versa, but instead suggest that adherence might improve mental health symptoms. Control beliefs and risk perceptions are important covariates of adherence - both on between-person and within-person level.
Inadequate planning for climate driven increases in surface water flood risk: an audit of England’s local flood risk management strategies
Authors: Russell Andrew , McCue Adam James
Published: January 2023

The flood risk management policy and implementation framework in England is overseen by complex layers of governance bodies via a range of overlapping legislations, policies and strategies. Within this, responsibility for surface water flood management is largely delegated to 152 local authorities. In this research, the local flood risk management strategies (LFRMSs) produced by these local authorities were audited using a systematic, largely objective method to identify alignment with a range of factors that good strategies should include. The aim was to determine if the strategies were meeting their minimum statutory requirements and whether they were developing robust climate change adaptation plans. The findings show that LFRMSs are, in the main, meeting their minimum statutory requirements. However, there is a widespread issue across most LFRMSs regarding inadequate consideration of increasing surface water flood risk from climate changes. Therefore, we conclude that surface water flood risk plans are not adequate in England largely because of the range in quality across the local authorities. Nonetheless, there is some evidence of good practice within the LFRMS portfolio, which is discussed in the context of the ongoing update process of these strategies. This research is the first examination of the full suite of LFRMSs and, therefore, is the first time that the complete approach to surface water flood management has been assessed in England.
धार्मिक कार्यक्रम एवं श्रीमद्भागत पुराणमा सङ्गीत- एक अध्ययन
Authors: ढकाल वेङ्कटीश
Published: January 2023

धर्मसँग सम्बन्धित कार्यक्रम नै धार्मिक कार्यक्रम भन्ने गरिन्छ । धार्मिक प्रकृतिका विभिन्न कार्यक्रम संसारका विभिन्न स्थानमा आस्था अनुसार आयोजना गर्ने प्रचलन रहेको छ । प्रस्तुत लेखमा धार्मिक एवम् नेपालमा श्रीमद्भागवत महापुराणको सप्ताह कार्यक्रममा हुने सङ्गीतका साथै त्यस विषयका कलाकारहरूको चर्चा गरिने छ । वैदिक धर्ममा आस्थावान् समूहद्वारा धार्मिक कार्यक्रम अन्तर्गत श्रीमद्भागवत पुराणको साप्ताहिक आयोजना प्राचीनकालदेखि नै हुने गरेको इतिहास छ । वर्तमान परिप्रेक्ष्यमा नेपालमा श्रीमद्भागवत कथाको आयोजनामा सङ्गीतको अपरिहार्यता प्रष्ट देख्न सकिन्छ । नेपालमा आयोजना गरिने धार्मिक एवम् श्रीमद्भागवत सप्ताह कार्यक्रममा सङ्गीत अन्तर्गत अनुबन्धित कलाकारद्वारा गायन एवम् वादन अन्तर्गत बाँसुरी, बेला, सितार, मादल, ढोलकका साथै तबलाको प्रयोग हुने गर्दछ । विभिन्न स्थानमा आयोजना हुने श्रीमद्भागवत कथामा लोक एवम् शास्त्रीय दुवै शैलीका सङ्गीत श्रवणगर्न सकिन्छ । सङ्गीत सिकेर भविष्यमा के गर्न सक्छौ भन्ने जमातलाई यस लेखबाट सङ्गीत प्रयोग हुने विभिन्न आयामहरू मध्येको एक आयामका बारेमा ज्ञान प्राप्त हुनेछ । जसबाट सङ्गीत सिक्ने चाहना भएका नवपुस्ताहरूको उत्साहमा वृद्धि आउने छ । नेपालमा सङ्गीतमय श्रीमद्भागवतको प्रचलन रहेको भएता पनि यस प्रकारको लेख जानकारीमा नभेटिएको हुनाले एउटा प्रयास गरिएको हो । प्राथमिक (सम्बन्धित कथावाचक एवम् कलाकारहरूसँग गरिएको छलफल), द्वितीयक ( विभिन्न लेख, पत्रिकाहरु, ग्रन्थहरू) एवम् अनुभवका आधारमा गुणात्मक विधिको सहयोगमा लेख तयार गरिएको छ ।
Leading Schools for Innovation and Change: A Case Study of Successful Schools
Authors: Shiwakoti Krishna Prasad
Published: January 2023

This study explores the role and leadership management practices of head teachers in public schools. In schools, the leadership goals are for developing innovative and excellent student outcomes. The data were collected from interviews with five head teachers or principals of five schools. The findings showed that the innovative head teachers adopted several leadership strategies to enhance the school's success and quality enhancement. An innovative model for innovative leadership was developed that provided a road map of the influence for their leadership. This study makes clear that head teachers have experienced noticeable success in school’s quality enhancement through establishing innovative cultures. The findings of this study imply that leadership behavioral changes can lead to great positive impacts in improving school’s teaching and learning quality.
Secondary Level Students’ Choice of Learning Styles in Nepalese English as a Second Language Classrooms
Authors: Baral Parmeshor
Published: January 2023

Many research studies agreed that learning is an idiosyncratic process since individual learner possesses a unique style of learning. This research is an attempt to investigate the learning style students in grades 11 and 12 employ in learning academic and nonacademic texts. For the same, 10 students from five higher secondary schools were chosen as the sample for the study using a judgmental sampling procedure. Semistructured interviews were conducted, and data were analyzed descriptively. The findings suggest that learning style depended on the type of texts they learned and the time-bound contexts of learning. In this, it was identified that each of the learners shifted from creative learning to rote learning when they needed to prepare for the examination.
Teachers of English and their Perceptions towards ESL Errors
Authors: Maharjan Laxmi Bahadur
Published: January 2023

This study entitled 'Teachers of English and their Perceptions towards ESL Errors' aimed at evaluating and determining gravity of grammatical errors in terms of acceptability and intelligibility judgments. Quantitative research methodology was utilized in this study. The data was gathered with the aid of a questionnaire prepared on the basis of the result of error analysis conducted earlier. The questionnaires were mailed to English teachers of different private and public schools, colleges and universities of Nepal and worldwide. Two hundred twenty (220) useable surveys were collected altogether for the study: 100 surveys from Nepali English teachers, 100 surveys from native English speaking teachers, 20 each from Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and America, and likewise, 20 surveys from non-Nepali English teachers. Received responses were analyzed and explained descriptively. The findings of the study showed that the native English teachers evaluated the errors far more leniently than Nepali and non- Nepali English teachers. There is no any significant difference in evaluation of errors found in between Nepali and non-Nepali English teachers, but compared to native English teachers, they were found statistically and significantly different in their judgments of errors in acceptability and intelligibility both. On the other hand, while comparing judgments of learners' errors in between the native English teachers; it was revealed that there were not any significant differences found there. It is recommended that the native English speaking teachers’ perception of errors be rightly explored and accordingly evaluation scales be developed and the teachers be made aware of such universal rating scales of grammatical errors while evaluating learners' errors.
किशोरीहरूले प्रयोग गर्ने भाषा {Language Use by Teenage Girls}
Authors: दाहाल Dahal दुर्गाप्रसाद Durga Prasad
Published: January 2023

किशोरीहरूले प्रयोग गर्ने भाषा शीर्षकको प्रस्तुत अध्ययनका लागि किशोरीहरूको अभिव्यक्तिमा प्रयोग हुने शब्दको आयाम, स्रोत र बनोटका साथै उनीहरूको वाक्यको आयाम, कोड मिश्रण र सङ्गतिका आधारमा भाषाको विश्लेषण गर्नु उद्देश्य निर्धारण गरिएको छ । यस अध्ययनका लागि स्थलगत अध्ययन गरिएको छ । किशोरीहरूको वार्तालापलाई अभिलेखीकरण गरी त्यस वार्तालापका आधारमा विश्लेषण गरी निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । किशोरीहरूले वार्तालापमा लामालामा शब्दभन्दा छोटा शब्दको बढी प्रयोग गरेको देखिन्छ । किशोरीहरूकोभाषामा आगन्तुक शब्दको तुलनामा बढी तद्भव शब्द प्रयोग भएको देखिन्छ तापनि उनीहरूको भाषिक अभिव्यक्तिमा आगन्तुक स्रोतका शब्दहरूको अत्यधिक प्रयोग भएको पाइन्छ । उनीहरूले तत्सम शब्द कम मात्रामा प्रयोग गरेका छन्। उनीहरूले अत्यन्त प्रचलित तत्सम शब्दको मात्र प्रयोग गरेको देखिन्छ । यसबाट उनीहरूको सिकाइमा संस्कृत भाषाको भन्दा अङ्ग्रेजी र भारतीय भाषाको प्रभाव रहेको देखिन्छ । यिनीहरूले व्युत्पन्न शब्दको तुलनामा मूल शब्द नै प्रयोग गर्ने गरेको देखिन्छ । किशोरीहरूले साथीहरूलाई बोलाउँदा प्रयोग गर्ने ब्रो, ड्युड, सिस्, गाइज, फ्रेन्ड, पार्ट्स, जस्ता शब्दहरू अङ्ग्रेजी भाषाबाट भित्रिएको हुन्। उनीहरूले आफ्नो अभिव्यक्तिमा स्वतःस्फुर्त रूपमा अङ्ग्रेजी र हिन्दी भाषाका शब्दहरू प्रयोग गरी कोड मिश्रण गरेको देखिन्छ । यसरी किशोरीहरूले स्थानीय वा आञ्चलिक प्रकृतिको कोड मिश्रण नभई अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय भाषाको कोड मिश्रणको प्रयोग गरेको पाइन्छ । यसबाट हामीले स्थानीय भाषाका सामग्रीहरूको सम्पर्कमा किशोरीहरूलाई पुर्‍याउन नसकेको देखिन्छ । किशोरीहरूको वार्तालापमा लामा लामा वाक्यको प्रयोग नभई छोटा वाक्यको प्रयोग भएको पाइन्छ । यिनीहरूले वचन र आदरका दृष्टिले वाक्यको सङ्गतिगत प्रयोग गरेको देखिँदैन ।
नेपाल भाषा र नेपाली भाषामा कारक व्यवस्था {Case study Arrangement of Nepal Bhasa (Newari Language) and Nepali Language}
Authors: महर्जन Maharjan सिद्धिबहादुर Siddhi Bahadur
Published: January 2023

प्रस्तुत ‘नेपाल भाषा र नेपाली भाषामा कारकको व्यवस्था’ शीर्षकको लेखको मूल उद्देश्य नेपाल तथा नेपाली भाषाका कारक व्यवस्थाको तुलना गर्नु हो। यहाँ नेपाल भाषाका सामग्री कीर्तिपुरमा बोलिने नेपाल भाषाबाट उद्देश्यमूलक नमुना छनोटका आधारमा सङ्कलन गरिएको छ भने नेपाली भाषाका सामग्री सङ्कलनका लागि पुस्तकालीय स्रोतबाट गरिएको छ । यसका लागि नेपाली भाषामा कारक सम्बन्धी लेखिएका पुस्तकलाई आधार मानिएको छ । नेपाल भाषा र नेपाली भाषाका कारकहरू प्रयोग भएका वाक्यहरू उल्लेख गरी विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । पुस्तकालयीय कार्यबाट तथ्य सङ्कलन गरिएको यस लेखमा वर्णनात्मक विधिको उपयोग गरिएको छ । नेपाल र नेपाली दुवै भाषामा अर्थका दृष्टिले छ प्रकारका कारकहरू रहेका छन् भने रूपका दृष्टिले नेपाली र नेपाल भाषामा सरल र तिर्यक् दुवै प्रकारका कारकहरू छन्। नेपाली भाषामा वचन, आदर र विभक्तियुक्त कारक तिर्यक् रुपमा प्रयोग हुन्छ भने नेपाल भाषामा पनि वचन, आदर र विभक्तियुक्त कारक नै तिर्यक् कारकका रूपमा प्रयोग भएको पाइन्छ ।
Estudio del sistema de canasta para la determinación de la renta en el instituto nacional de colonización
Authors: García Suárez F. , Vassallo M.
Published: January 2023

El Instituto Nacional de Colonización es un Ente Autónomo cuya función principal se encuentra definida en el artículo primero de su ley de creación en el año 1948. Para cumplir su misión el Instituto es poseedor de tierras, las cuales son transferidas en arrendamiento u otras formas a pequeños productores agropecuarios. Las tierras son arrendadas por el INC a productores colonos, quienes deben pagar un canon o arrendamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo es comprender el sistema de determinación de la renta y estudiar su evolución desde el ejercicio 1992-93 al 2002-03. El cálculo del pago de arrendamiento se realiza con base a canastas de productos, de acuerdo al rubro de producción para el cual la fracción se supone más apta acorde a sus recursos naturales. En el trabajo se presenta la forma en la cual el INC realiza el cálculo del valor de renta que debe pagar cada colono y luego se estudia la evolución del precio de la renta para cada tipo de canasta de productos. En particular, se analiza la variación del valor de la renta para las tres canastas principales: Agrícola-ganadera, Ganadera y Lechera. A los efectos de analizar la evolución de la renta en valores constantes, de forma que permita comparar entre años se aplicaron dos aproximaciones: a) se deflactó el valor de la renta por el IPC y b) se valorizó en dólares. También se comparó la evolución en términos de producto, de manera de conocer el arrendamiento valorado en producto físico.
FUNKCJONALNOŚĆ PRAWNYCH I STRUKTURALNYCH PRZEKSZTAŁCEŃ GŁÓWNEGO URZĘDU MIAR W LATACH 2021–2022
Authors: Mikołajczyk Magdalena , Ziółkowski Piotr
Published: January 2023

The subject of this article is the Central Office of Measures (COM) and the structural and functional changes it underwent in 2022. This institution dates back more than 100 years. It is worth studying because it is an important element of public administration and civil service. The standard tasks of the COM are related to different units of measurement and their definitions, as well as the international measurement standards. The structural and functional changes analyzed in this article occurred in response to current technological advances. They involve expanding the COM scope, tasks, and funding opportunities for the Ph.D. research focused on implementation. The article also touches on future plans for 2022–2025, including investing in a modern laboratory.
PRACA ZDALNA I HYBRYDOWA JAKO WYZWANIE DLA ZARZĄDZANIA ZASOBAMI LUDZKIMI W POLSKIEJ SŁUŻBIE CYWILNEJ
Authors: Sidor-Rządkowska Małgorzata
Published: January 2023

The article explores the phenomenon of remote work and the risks connected with this mode of work as seen by the employee, employer, and society. This approach was adopted when presenting data related to remote work of civil servants in the years 20202022. The accompanying technological and legal barriers were also taken into account. It was revealed that so far the activities undertaken in the area of performing professional duties have been fairly reactive. Thus, it is vital that the aforementioned actions become more proactive so as to enable remote work or the hybrid mode of work to become a lasting component of the way organisations operate.
POSTAWY MŁODYCH WOBEC SŁUŻBY CYWILNEJ
Authors: Marciniak Ewa Maria , Godlewski Tomasz
Published: January 2023

Research into the attitudes towards the state institutions always provides answers to questions about the status and direction of development of the social environment in which these institutions operate. The study of the attitudes towards the civil service is no different. The centenary of the civil service in Poland provides a good opportunity to look at how it functions in the opinion and assessment of young people (aged 1834). This is because attitudes reflect civic education on the one hand, and on the other practical experience of contacts with offices and corps members. The identification of factors forming attitudes towards the civil service of young people and the diagnosis of their beliefs are the basic objectives of this article. Studies of attitudes of young people towards the civil service indicate a relatively good level of recognition of this service and positive beliefs about its functioning. It is noteworthy that in the youngest group of respondents the opinions about the civil service are better, compared with those of all the respondents and the young working people. This state of affairs may be indicative of relatively high attractiveness of the corps and the potential of the civil service as an employer. However, attitudes towards the civil service are not onesided. The perception of strengths is accompanied by a realistic view of the problems faced by both a civil servant himself and his clients. This twosided perspective gives hope that young people, whether as clients or as employees, have an educated view of the functioning of the civil service in Poland.
SŁUŻBA CYWILNA W EUROPEJSKIEJ TRADYCJI PAŃSTWOWOŚCI
Authors: Otto Justyna G.
Published: January 2023

The introduction of the civil service is an implementation of the idea of the state (public) service, i.e. providing staff for the state apparatus, especially the state administration, which in professional, competent, disciplined, and loyal to carry out the tasks of the state and exercise the powers of its organs. Such staff remaining in service of the state are to guarantee the permanent, efficient, and responsible performance of its functions and administration, and thus the stable and effective operation of the entire mechanism of exercising power in the state. The public service is one of the most important institutions of a democratic rule of law. The aim of the article is to explore the position of the civil service in the European tradition of statehood. The research thesis of the article is: The European tradition of statehood proves that the precondition of the existence of a stable, durable, effective, strong, and efficient state organism is the quality of administration, and the crème de la crème of administration is the civil service.
WPŁYW ROZWIĄZAŃ PRAWNYCH I TRADYCJI SŁUŻBY CYWILNEJ RP NA OBECNY MODEL SŁUŻBY CYWILNEJ
Authors: Izdebski Hubert
Published: January 2023

The presented article is of a historical and legal nature. It analyzes the impact of the legal solutions and the tradition of the Polish civil service on the current model of the civil service. The results of the conducted research lead to the conclusion that despite the considerable passage of time – and despite the fact that while the 1922 Act on the State Civil Service was formally maintained until 1974, the continuity of tradition was interrupted in the period of “People’s Poland” – the classic solutions of the Act from before a century have survived to such extent that there are grounds for talking about the impact of the 1922 Act on the current model of the civil service – a model far from perfect, and even “decapitated”.
ROZLICZALNOŚĆ SŁUŻBY CYWILNEJ. ANALIZA KONCEPCJI W KONTEKŚCIE MODELU PRZEDWOJENNYCH POLSKICH REGULACJI DOTYCZĄCYCH SŁUŻBY CYWILNEJ
Authors: Nowak-Far Artur
Published: January 2023

Fundamental Polish pre-war regulations pertaining to civil service (i.e. the 1918 Regency Council Rescript and 1922 Law on Civil Service) represent fairly comprehensive pieces of legislation which also somehow reflect the concept of civil service accountability. The reflection they offered, however, is far from representing a complete model of accountability as they contain only a handful of criteria useful for the identification of quality expected from civil service performance. Yet, even these limited regulations can be considered effective anchors for construing the concept of civil service accountability with the intentionally left loopholes to be filled in by the political (i.e. non-civil service) corps of governmental offices. The identified criteria of civil service quality can be interpreted as representing determinants of accountability identified in the Friedrich-Finer Debate. In the regulations concerned, Friedrichian determinants (i. e. these concerned with the systemic delineation of competences) are less pronounced than the Finerian ones (concerned with the axiological content of accountability). When compared with the present 2008 Civil Law, the pre-war regulations provided for far more regulatory determinants of accountability. The resulting normative intensiveness produced a stronger anchor for civil service accountability (and,atthe same time, independence) than the one now in force.
GRANICE KRYMINALIZACJI POMOCY DO SAMOBÓJSTWA – UWAGI NA TLE ORZECZENIA AUSTRIACKIEGO TRYBUNAŁU KONSTYTUCYJNEGO Z 11 GRUDNIA 2020 R. (SYGN. G 139/2019-71)
Authors: Długosz-Jóźwiak Joanna , Mayr Sebastian
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the issue of limits of the criminalisation of assisted suicide. The reason for addressing this issue is the finding of the Austrian Constitutional Court on 11 December 2020 (ref. G 139/2019-71), in which the Austrian criminal provision penalising assisting another person to commit suicide (Section 78 of the Austrian Criminal Code) was unexpectedly declared unconstitutional. The Court not only confirmed that everyone’s right to autonomous and independent decision-making in matters of personal life includes the decision as to the time and manner of a dignified death, but also decided whether an individual’s right to selfdetermination includes obtaining the assistance of another person to undertake a suicidal act. The resolution of this issue is of universal significance – including for the Polish legal order, in which assisted suicide is currently penalised without exception. The aim of the paper is not only to provide an overview of the grounds for the finding and explain the limits of criminal liability under the revised Section 78 of the Austrian Criminal Code, but in particular to resolve the question of the admissibility and legitimacy of decriminalising assistance to suicide to the extent adopted in Austrian law, which may also provide some inspiration for the Polish legislator. The study uses a formal-dogmatic method of research, which is determined by its subject. In the final conclusions it was indicated that the Austrian legislator cautiously liberalized the prohibition of assisted suicide, which, however, is not without some controversy.
ANALIZA USTAWOWYCH ZNAMION PRZESTĘPSTWA Z PUNKTU WIDZENIA SPOSOBU ICH DOWODZENIA W PROCESIE KARNYM. WYBRANE PRZYKŁADY
Authors: Gardocka Teresa
Published: January 2023

The problem of criminal evidence is a very important factor of the establishment of the elements of a crime from the point of view of a criminalstatute’s conformity with the rule of law. For the criminal court the elements of crime in the criminal statute show what should be proven for the sentencing judgment to be passed in a given case. For the defendant accused of committing a of crime it shows the possibility of defence. The accused person may prove that some elements of the crime are not met in his or her case. A too broad description of the elements of a crime allows for a considerable degree of freedom in the attribution of perpetration of a crime. In this sense criminalisation before the social harmfulness of the act is realised may be less dangerous for the legal order than an overly broad description of the crime.
PRZEPISY KARNE USTAWY O PRZECIWDZIAŁANIU NARKOMANII W ŚWIETLE JEJ ZAŁOŻEŃ AKSJOLOGICZNYCH I TELEOLOGICZNYCH
Authors: Kładoczny Piotr
Published: January 2023

The article analyses the impact of axiological assumptions presented in a non-code legal act on the interpretation of the features of criminal provisions of the Act of 19 July 2005 on Contering Drug Addiction. Based on the provisions of the Act and historical interpretation, the author examines the most important criminal Articles – 62a, 70a and 72 – of the Act to find the legal norms. The norms presented in the Act on Counteracting Drug Addiction are compared with their practical application by prosecutors – who are key executors of the criminal provisions of the Act. The author indicates dysfunctional interpretations of the provisions of the Act as applied by prosecutors that can be contradictory to the expectations of legislators. The article points the causes of that situation as well as lex ferenda and lex lata solutions.
Long Term Study of Otitis Media with Effusion after Palatoplasty and Myringotomy with Ventilation Tube Insertion
Authors: Suwansa-Ard Saranyoo , Chortrakarnkij Peerasak , Vathanophas Vannipa
Published: January 2023

Objective: To identify the incidence of recurrent otitis media in cleft palate patients after palatoplasty and myringotomy \14 ";">with ventilation tube (VT) insertion in addition to identifying risk factors of recurrent otitis media with effusion (OME). Material and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted from; January 2002 – December 2014. A total of 120 non- syndromic cleft palate patients were included and analyzed for risk factors contributing to recurrent otitis \14 ";">media with effusion. Results: \14 ";">In total, 77.5% of the VT slipped off at 10 months after their initial operation. The incidence of recurrent OME was 54.2% at 7 months after VT slipped off. Significant risk factors that were associated to recurrent OME included: complete cleft palate, two-stage palatoplasty and VT slip-off (p-value<0.05). Conclusion: \14 ";">The incidence of recurrence OME was 54.2%, and risk factors for recurrence OME are VT slipped off, complete cleft palate and two-stage palatoplasty.
Topography and Composition of the Iliolumbar Veins in a South African Cohort: Implications for Spinal Surgery
Authors: Manjatika Arthur Tsalani , Mazengenya Pedzisai , Davimes Joshua Gabriel
Published: January 2023

Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study of the anatomical variations, morphometry, and histology of the iliolumbar veins (ILVs).Purpose: This study aimed to describe the anatomical variations of the ILVs and determine their tissue composition in South African cadavers of European descent.Overview of Literature: A safe anterior surgical approach to the L4/L5 intervertebral disc space requires understanding the anatomy of the ILVs. Limited understanding of ILVs and their variations may lead to inadvertent avulsion of veins with subsequent hemorrhage and damage to the adjacent nerves intraoperatively. Variations in ILVs are population specific, but such reports are limited in the South African population.Methods: Eighty-nine adult cadavers were dissected to reveal ILV patterns. The variations (origin, course, and drainage pattern), morphometries, and topography of the ILVs were studied. A total of 19 (10 proximal, nine distal) ILVs were processed for hematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s trichrome, and Verhoeff’s histological staining to determine the tissue composition.Results: The ILVs were identified in 100% of the cases, and 45% of the ILVs were anastomosed to each other bilaterally. The rightside ILVs terminated into the posterior surfaces of the iliac vessels (p =0.001), whereas the left-side ILVs terminated into the lateral surfaces (p =0.001). The left-side proximal ILVs had higher elastic fiber composition (p =0.030). The ratio of the ILVs’ elastic fibers to collagen fibers was 1:9, and 61% of the cadavers exhibited type 1 ILV pattern. Moreover, 42% of the ILVs were at the S1 vertebral level with 31% lying between L4 and L5 spinal nerve roots. The obturator nerve coursed anteriorly to the ILVs in 96% of cases.Conclusions: The ILV variations described for South Africans present new additional patterns, such as bilateral anastomosis and laterality of the terminal drainage. The ILVs have more collagen fibers than elastic fibers, predisposing them to avulsion during surgical retraction. The identification of all the ILVs is crucial to minimize inadvertent hemorrhage and damage to adjacent structures.
The Queer Death of the Hanged Dog
Authors: Lodine-Chaffey Jennifer
Published: January 2023

Over the last forty years, scholars have interpreted the early modern public execution ritual variously as an affirmation of state power, a chance for victims to fashion a memorable identity on the scaffold, and a site of festivity for those gathered to witness. What, though, do we make of the public execution of a dog? This article considers the 1677 hanging of a dog and its female owner for the crime of bestiality, focusing on early modern English beliefs about animals, human sexuality, and punishment. In sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England, reasons for killing animals involved in bestiality found their basis in interpretations of biblical texts, anxieties about animal familiars, fears of crossbreeding, and a desire to maintain boundaries between beasts and humans. This dog's execution, which occurred publicly and was memorialized in print, complicates the usual understandings of public execution, effectively queering the ritual by destabilizing its meaning.
The Growth of Ecotourism - Ecopreneurship the Means - an Introspection
Authors: Bhadra Biswajit
Published: January 2023

Ecotourism is now widely acknowledged as a potent instrument for protecting forests, wildlife, biodiversity, and beautiful landscapes. It accomplishes this through developing viable, alternative sources of income for people that depend on forests, as well as public and decision-makers are becoming more aware of conservation. To ensure that the communities are interested in the conservation of forests and wildlife, it is crucial to create a sustainable flow of non-extractive financial advantages from the environment for the communities in order to endorse community control and managing the environment. Perhaps the only way to achieve this is through ecotourism. In order to make ecotourism more attractive and effective, ecopreneurship is one of the most important professions that will provide proper guidelines for the enrichment of ecotourism. In this article, an attempt has been made to explore to what extent ecopreneurship contributes to the growth of ecotourism in India.
Sustainability and Circular Economy in Mining
Authors: Hussain Syeed Afroz , Pandey Deepak , Singh Bhullar Manjeet , Chakrabarti Tulika
Published: January 2023

Sustainability and Circular Economy in Mining is the new generation way to take responsibility in mining to reduce the environment effect through mining after mining operation is completed and upgrading to new age technology for Mine operations which will be beneficial in terms of profitability and environment. This book chapter is written to make sure that every individual understands the importance of environmental concerns in mining, along with the importance of the mining industry and how to be the best entrepreneur in the mining industry. The context of this article includes the Sustainability and circular economy objectives of mining in environmental policy, the methods and ways for companies to become sustainable mining companies, and different case studies to help understand why reclamation is important. Three companies are used as examples in the case study. British Coal Mines, Appalachian Botanical Company, and Singerini Colleries Company Limited. Each case study is related to the "Reclamation" procedure of a project. In the conclusion part, it is explained why it is important to reclaim mine land, what are the various procedures to reclaim mine land, and why, as an entrepreneur, it is important to consider reclamation in mining.
THE IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT PSBB POLICY ON TRADISONAL MARKETS IN THE CITY OF SURAKARTA
Authors: Octaviani Andri , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Panglipurningrum Yofhi Septian , Pahlawi Lukman Ahmad Imron
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTSince the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus in Indonesia, which began in March 2020, began to spread. The Covid-19 virus has had a significant impact on global conditions, not only in terms of the number of people who have died as a result of contracting the virus but also on the global economy. One of the affected nations, especially economically, is Indonesia. The Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) policy is one of the government's efforts to reduce the number of people who have become infected with the Covid-19 virus, and its effects are already being felt. The MSME sector of traditional market traders is included in the issued policies.In order to get input and evaluate the government's PSBB policy program or strategy in improving quality and sustainable PSBB regulatory policies, this study aims to analyze the implementation of the PSBB policy that is enforced on Traditional Market traders, including UMKM, during the Covid-19 pandemic.The SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat) matrix analysis was used in this study. In Surakarta, the SWOT matrix analysis is used to evaluate opportunities and threats as well as the advantages and disadvantages of government policies toward traditional markets.The research results show the impact that has occurred from the PSBB policy in Traditional Markets during Covid-19 is the decreased purchasing power of consumers resulting in traditional market traders closing their businesses, many are confused about policies that have not been consistent so that the income of traditional market traders has decreased. In overcoming this, the government is working on consistency, better dissemination of Government Policy (PSBB) so that traditional market traders do not experience many losses due to decreased income, as well as training human resources in the field of digital marketing so they are able to work to meet needs. The government is also trying to keep open access to traditional market sales for the economic stability of traditional market traders in the city of Surakarta.Keywords: PSBB, Traditional Market, Human Resources
Dispute resolution and technology : revisiting the justification of conflict management
Authors: Koulu Riikka
Published: January 2023

The rapid increase in e-commerce transactions has led to the emergence of new dispute resolution models, e.g. online dispute resolution (ODR). Simultaneously, public courts embrace new information and communication technologies in order to overcome the shortcomings of the public court system. Technological redress is more and more often sought within the private regimes of e-commerce instead of through public courts. But what exactly does this shift to technology in dispute resolution entail? In this book Koulu examines the multifaceted phenomenon of dispute resolution technology, using private enforcement as an example, and the impact it has on justifying dispute resolution. The implementation of technology in dispute resolution reveals the hidden justificatory narratives of procedural law and thus provides possibilities for their critical examination. Koulu argues that the privatisation of enforcement – as it is enabled by different forms of technology from the direct enforcement of e-commerce market leaders to self-executing smart contracts in the blockchain – brings the inherent violence of law out into the open. This increase in private enforcement, in turn, challenges the nationstate’s monopoly on violence, which has traditionally formed the main source of justification for dispute resolution and the enforcement of judicial decisions. After examining the possibilities of finding justification for private enforcement from other sources, e.g. from private autonomy or from human rights discourse, Koulu claims that private enforcement constitutes a new grey area of conflict management. Koulu’s doctoral dissertation gives unique insight into contemporary debates both in global procedural law and law and technology studies.
Utilizing Go-Yoga Smartphone Application to Prevent Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women
Authors: Zakaria Rabia , Astuti Siti Choirul Dwi
Published: January 2023

After bleeding, hypertension is the second leading cause of maternal death.  Hypertension is caused by a combination of factors, including increased stress and a low level of albumin. All of these changes will cause complications and necessitate long-term medication therapy. As a result, complementary therapies such as family roles and yoga are required. Many people are unfamiliar with yoga movements, so this study provides innovation by incorporating yoga into a smartphone application. The objective of the study is to determine the differences in the implementation of the Go-Yoga smartphone application and the role of the family in pregnant women in the III trimester on blood pressure and albumin levels. This type of research is quasi-experimental involving 60 pregnant women in the third trimester. In Group I, 20 pregnant women practiced yoga with books; in Group II, 20 pregnant women exercised yoga with the Go-Yoga app without their families; and in Group III, 20 pregnant women practiced yoga with their families. The study's results revealed significant blood pressure, with the third group having the highest average (p = 0.000 1). Pregnant women who utilize the Go-Yoga app with their families have lower blood pressure than other groups. Furthermore, pregnant women who employ the Go-Yoga app with their families have higher albumin levels than other groups. Therefore, this study suggests employing the Go-Yoga application with the family prevents hypertension in pregnancy.
Detection of Human Parvovirus B19 antibodies in Pregnant Women with Spontaneous Abortion
Authors: Hussein Areej A.
Published: January 2023

Background: Viral infection in pregnancy is known to cause many problems such as fetal malformation; growth restriction and even fetal death; the relationship between viral infection and abortions is not well understood. The infection during pregnancy can affect the fetus due to lack of mother’s immunity.Objective: To assess the frequency of human parvovirus B19-specific antibody type IgM and IgG among pregnant women with spontaneous abortion.Patients and Methods: A semi-quantitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique was applied for detection of anti-human parvovirus B19 IgM (Ridascreen-K6031-Germany) and IgG (Ridascreen -K6021- Germany) in sera of 90 pregnant women who have previously experienced abortion were collected from Al-Batool teaching hospital for maternity and children in Baquba-Diyala province, Iraq, during the period from October 2014 till May 2015. The age was ranged from 18-40 years. Statistical analysis was performed by using statistical package of social sciences, version-16, and P-value of < 0.05 as significant difference.Results: Among study group the mean age was 26.57 years, with an age range 18-40 years. Seropositivity rate was 11.11% (10 cases) for an individual occurrence of human parvovirus B19 IgM alone and 13.33% (12 cases) for a similar individual rate of human parvovirus B19 IgG, while 6 cases (6.66%) had both types of antibodies. Multiple variables regarding occurrence of anti-human parvovirus B 19 specific IgM and IgG antibody simultaneously, was evaluated, and none the variables had significant difference.Conclusion: The fact that 31.11% of studied participants had specific Parvovirus B19 antibody revealed a high occurrence of primary acute parvovirus infection and non-immune against parvovirus B19. Considering the potential role of this virus in abortion and fetal death, it emphasizes the importance of Parvovirus infection in pregnant women also this finding is comparable with that in the other countries.
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (case report) Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (prolonged QT interval and hearing loss)
Authors: Mohammad Al-Mousawi Ali A.-A. , Ismail Al-Saedi Kasim A. , Nassir Shokry F.
Published: January 2023

Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (congenital LQTS and hearing loss) isa rare inherited disorder characterized by deafness present at birth (congenital) occurring in association with abnormalities affecting the electrical system of the heart , Iron-deficient anemia and elevated levels of gastrin are also frequent features of JLNS1. The severity of cardiac symptoms associated with Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome varies from case to case. Some individuals may have no apparent symptoms (asymptomatic); others may develop abnormally increased heartbeats (tachyarrhythmias) resulting in episodes of syncope, cardiac arrest, and potentially sudden death. Physical activity, excitement or stress may trigger the onset of these symptoms. Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome is usually detected during early childhood and is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.2
Comparative study of two different techniques for leak and bleeding prevention during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Mukhtar Ramiz S.
Published: January 2023

Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy has gained more popularity as an independent bariatric procedure because laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy was reported to be an effective, safe, and time-savingprocedure, leading to adequate weight loss for morbidly obese patients and becoming one of the most common procedures performed for the treatment of morbidly obese patients in the last few years until now.Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare two different techniques of the reinforcement of staple line during LSG in the reduction of major complications (bleeding and leak).Patients and methods: prospective randomized study of a consecutive series of 126 patients that underwent LSG between April 2014 till August 2015. Patients were randomly enrolled in two different techniques of reinforcing the staple line during LSG, Group A consisted of 63 patients that underwent sleeve gastrectomy using Ethicon Endo GIA stapleTM with staple line oversewn using 2.0 prolene continuous suture, group B also 63 patients who had the staple-line oversewn with a continuous suture using V-locTM and Covidien Endo GIA tristapleTM.Results: 126 patients who underwent LSG, 82(65%) were women and 44(35%) were men. Median age was 36 years (range, 19–58 years) and median preoperative BMI was 45.4 kg/m2 (range, 37–62 kg/m2), Three patients (4.76%)from group (A) and 2 patients (3.17%)from group (B)developed primary hemorrhage (within the first 24 hours post operatively), overall bleeding rate in both groups was (3.96%), no leak in both groups and no mortality.Conclusion: laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is a safe procedure as a sole weight reduction operation. The combination of meticulous surgical technique, reinforcement of the gastric staple line, lead to decrease the incidence of staple line leak whatever the suture material or stapler type used, but there is no significant decrease in the incidence of bleeding with staple line reinforcement.