bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestión de calidad en pymes de Guanajuato, México y Provincia Sabana de Occidente, Cundinamarca, Colombia
Authors: Cruz-Páez Fabio Orlando , Rueda-Pineda Danna Julieth
Published: September 2023

Dentro del contexto de este artículo se ve un análisis de sistemas de gestión de calidad - SGC y las herramientas de la calidad y su aplicación en las empresas pequeñas y medianas que están ubicadas en Cundinamarca, Colombia y en Guanajuato, México. El alcance investigativo es descriptivo basado en las variables teóricas competencia y gestión de la innovación, el diseño de la investigación es cuasi experimental, es de tipo mixta, la obtención de la información se realizó a través de encuesta tipo Delphi dentro de la cual se obtuvo la aplicación de expertos en calidad de 26 empresas de México y Colombia. En la información que se analizó se encontró que los sistemas de gestión de calidad le sirven a las entidades a mejorar el nivel competitivo y productivo, haciendo productos y prestando servicios teniendo en cuenta los procesos de calidad junto con el uso de herramientas de calidad en cado proceso y procedimiento lo cual facilita a una empresa certificarse con la Norma ISO generando mayor credibilidad y confianza hacia los clientes en contextos locales, nacionales e internacionales en los países de Colombia y México con gestión innovadora potencializando la competitividad organizacional en las pymes.
Collage -Antología literaria del Grupo TA.LI.U.M.-
Authors: Aguirre Alarcón Adailton Manuel , Suárez Lozano Camila Andrea , Romero Segrera Carmen Lorena , Martínez Martínez David Orlando , Palacio Palacio Daylin Patricia , Amaya Viloria Eduis David , Arévalo Fontalvo Glenys Giomar , Tribiño Salas Kaleth Jadith , Retamozo Rodríguez Luis A. , Padilla Ariña Xilena , Marín Freyle Yarife , Manjarrés Acosta Yulitza Tatiana , Mena de la Cruz Aura , Patiño Hernández Carlos , Manjarrés Herrera Cristian Camilo , Pérez Arias Daniela María , Carmona Arrieta Deiner Javier , Márquez Antonova Diana Victoria , Carrillo Ruiz Edwin Galeth , Salazar Robles Isabel , De la Cruz Valiente Joel , Guerra Osuna José Antonio , Arango Juan José , Jimeno Juan José , Zapata Doncel Jimeno , Miranda Ortiz María José , Sánchez Mercado María Valeria , De La Rosa Durán Miguel Ángel , Moreno Santiago Sergio Andrés , García Peña Belisa Andrea , Soledad Sánchez Diego Armando
Published: September 2023

Talium en los tiempos de la IA: La creatividad humana no tiene precio. Desde el inicio de los tiempos todos hemos sido creadores, no solamente en las artes, sino también en todas y cada una de las ciencias, incluyendo la mayor de todas: la cotidianidad. Estoy seguro de que desde ahí detonan los textos que presento como editor en esta sexta antología del taller literario Grupo Talium. Sin embargo, no somos máquinas de procesar realidades; si bien una chispa, una genialidad nos lleva a traducir un hecho en un verso, en una narración literaria, no hay fórmulas ni algoritmos y quizá las técnicas revisadas al interior de las dinámicas del taller están planteadas para ser matizadas, ajustadas a lo que cada poeta y escritor es en su esencia humana, pero deben ser olvidadas luego. Nadie ni nada nunca puede o podrá reemplazar hoy ese acto creador, ese big bang de una idea en la inteligencia natural de cualquier persona; por ello en esta antología son treinta y dos creadores los elegidos y debemos estar orgullosos por toda la eternidad de esas conmociones que nos despiertan.
State-of-the-art Review on the Antiparasitic Activity of Benzimidazolebased
Derivatives: Facing Malaria, Leishmaniasis, and Trypanosomiasis
Authors: Francesconi Valeria , Rizzo Marco , Schenone Silvia , Carbone Anna , Tonelli Michele
Published: September 2023

Protozoan parasites represent a significant risk for public health worldwide, afflicting
particularly people in more vulnerable categories and cause large morbidity and
heavy economic impact. Traditional drugs are limited by their toxicity, low efficacy, route
of administration, and cost, reflecting their low priority in global health management.
Moreover, the drug resistance phenomenon threatens the positive therapy outcome. This
scenario claims the need of addressing more adequate therapies. Among the diverse strategies
implemented, the medicinal chemistry efforts have also focused their attention on
the benzimidazole nucleus as a promising pharmacophore for the generation of new drug
candidates. Hence, the present review provides a global insight into recent progress in
benzimidazole-based derivatives drug discovery against important protozoan diseases,
such as malaria, leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis. The more relevant chemical features
and structure-activity relationship studies of these molecules are discussed for the purpose
of paving the way towards the development of more viable drugs for the treatment of these
parasitic infections.
3D Printed Personalized Colon-targeted Tablets: A Novel Approach in Ulcerative Colitis Management
Authors: Mishra Yachana , Mishra Vijay , Aljabali Alaa A.A. , El-Tanani Mohamed , Naikoo Gowhar A. , Charbe Nitin , Chava Sai Raghuveer , Tambuwala Murtaza M.
Published: September 2023

Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are two types of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that are increasing in frequency and incidence worldwide, particularly in highly industrialized countries. Conventional tablets struggle to effectively deliver anti-inflammatory drugs since the inflammation is localized in different areas of the colon in each patient. The goal of 3D printing technology in pharmaceutics is to create personalized drug delivery systems (DDS) that are tailored to each individual's specific needs. This review provides an overview of existing 3D printing processes, with a focus on extrusion-based technologies, which have received the most attention.

:

Personalized pharmaceutical products offer numerous benefits to patients worldwide, and 3D printing technology is becoming more affordable every day. Custom manufacturing of 3D printed tablets provides innovative ideas for developing a tailored colon DDS. In the future, 3D printing could be used to manufacture personalized tablets for UC patients based on the location of inflammation in the colon, resulting in improved therapeutic outcomes and a better quality of life.
Pil-Pintar Intervention Reduce Anemia among Young Teen Girls: A Pilot
Study
Authors: Muwakhidah M. , Rahmawaty Setyaningrum , Rakhma Luluk Ria , Widiyaningsih Endang Nur , Hidayati Listyani , Rusdanurmaala Shofianabila
Published: September 2023

Background:

Iron deficiency anemia and low adherence to take iron tablets are prevalent
issues among teenage school girls in Indonesia. To address this concern and encourage regular
iron supplementation, the public health office of Sukoharjo Central Java Indonesia introduced a
pil-pintar program, colloquially known as the “smart pill.”

Aims:

This study aimed to measure the increase in hemoglobin (Hb) levels and its correlation with
nutrient intake related to Hb synthesis following the pil-pintar intervention.

Methods:

A quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-posttest approach was performed involving
49 school teenage girls aged 12-15 years in a public school in Sukoharjo, Indonesia. Each
student was given an iron sugar coat tablet containing 182 mg of ferrous-fumarate (equivalent to
60 mg elemental iron) and 0.400 mg of folic acid per tablet, called pil-pintar, once a week for 12
weeks.

Results:

A decrease in anemia prevalence by 24.4% and a notable increase in Hb levels by 1.0
mg/dL (p = 0.001) were observed in the 12 weeks of intervention. However, the study found no association
between the nutrient intakes related to Hb production and the resulting Hb levels.

Conclusion:

The pil-pintar program effectively improved the hemoglobin levels of anemic teenage
girls in the Sukoharjo district, Indonesia.
The Mechanism of Plantaginis Semen in the Treatment of Diabetic
Nephropathy based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Technology
Authors: He Linlin , Shen Kai , He Lei , Chen Yuqing , Tang Zhiyuan
Published: September 2023

Background:

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the common complications of diabetes. Plantaginis Semen (PS) has a variety of therapeutic effects, however its mechanism on DN is unclear.

Objective:

This paper aims to find the ingredients, the key targets, and the action pathways of PS on DN from the perspective of network pharmacology.

Methods:

The databases of network pharmacology, such as Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), Pharmmapper, OMIM, DrugBank, Gene-Cards, TTD, Disgenet, STRING, and Cytoscape software, were used to find the main ingredients and targets. Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genome and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were used to reveal the potential pathways of the PS on DN. The GEO database was used to find the targets of DN based on valid experimental research. The molecular docking technology was used to evaluate the combination between ingredients of PS and the targets.

Results:

A total of 9 active ingredients and 216 potential therapeutic targets were obtained for PS on DN. Hub targets were discovered by the Cytoscape software analysis. CASP3 was screened by Venn diagram by making intersection between GSE30529 and hub genes. Moreover, CASP3 was combined with one of the nine active ingredients, quercetin, by molecular docking analysis. The KEGG pathways were mainly involved in diabetic nephropathy, and were simultaneously associated with CASP3 as followed: AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, apoptosis, lipid and athero-sclerosis, MAPK signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and p53 signaling pathway.

Conclusion:

PS can have the treatment on DN through CASP3. Quercetin, as one of the nine active ingredients, can be bounded to CASP3 to inhibit apoptosis in DN. PS can also take action on DN probably through many pathways. The role of PS on DN through other pathways still needs to be further elaborated.
Autoimmune Responses and Therapeutic Interventions for Systemic
Lupus Erythematosus: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Pandey Surya Prakash , Bhaskar Rakesh , Han Sung Soo , Narayanan Kannan Badri
Published: September 2023

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) or Lupus is a multifactorial autoimmune disease of multiorgan malfunctioning of extremely heterogeneous and unclear etiology that affects multi-ple organs and physiological systems. Some racial groups and women of childbearing age are more susceptible to SLE pathogenesis. Impressive progress has been made towards a better under-standing of different immune components contributing to SLE pathogenesis. Recent investigations have uncovered the detailed mechanisms of inflammatory responses and organ damage. Various environmental factors, pathogens, and toxicants, including ultraviolet light, drugs, viral pathogens, gut microbiome metabolites, and sex hormones trigger the onset of SLE pathogenesis in genetical-ly susceptible individuals and result in the disruption of immune homeostasis of cytokines, macro-phages, T cells, and B cells. Diagnosis and clinical investigations of SLE remain challenging due to its clinical heterogeneity and hitherto only a few approved antimalarials, glucocorticoids, im-munosuppressants, and some nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are available for treatment. However, the adverse effects of renal and neuropsychiatric lupus and late diagnosis make therapy challenging. Additionally, SLE is also linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases due to inflammatory responses and the risk of infection from immunosuppressive treat-ment. Due to the diversity of symptoms and treatment-resistant diseases, SLE management re-mains a challenging issue. Nevertheless, the use of next-generation therapeutics with stem cell and gene therapy may bring better outcomes to SLE treatment in the future. This review highlights the autoimmune responses as well as potential therapeutic interventions for SLE particularly focusing on the recent therapeutic advancements and challenges.
Dissipation of Water Energy by Using a Special Stilling Basin Via Three-dimensional Numerical Model
Authors: El-Saie Yasser , Saleh Osama , El-Sayed Marihan , Ali Abdelazim , Sadek Eslam El-Tohamy Yasser Mohamed
Published: September 2023

Introduction:

The forced hydraulic jump characteristics were studied numerically using Flow-3D software. Rectangular and semi-cylindrical shape slices were used as obstacles with different arrangements in the stilling basin to dissipate the excess kinetic energy.

Methods:

Each shape type was tested under five values of discharges (60, 80, 100, 120, and 160 l s-1). The numerical results showed that the obstacles act as good energy dissipators, which decrease the hydraulic jump length and the length of the stilling basin as a result. The best case is installing three semi-cylindrical slices in the stilling basin, and energy dissipation ratios range from 48% to 63%, with an average difference of 14% from the values of classical hydraulic jumps, according to discharge values.

Results:

It should be noted that the semi-cylindrical slices have better performance on energy dissipation ratios than rectangular slices, which indicates concave surface models cause the flow to change its direction, and this leads to a stable hydraulic condition.

Conclusion:

Results of this work can be applied to a prototype by fixing three semi-cylindrical slices in the stilling basin at relative distances of 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 from the end of the spillway, and this lead to maximize energy dissipation rates.
Nanoemulsion Based Supramolecular Drug Delivery Systems for
Therapeutic Management of Fungal Infections
Authors: Sethi Surjeet Kaur , Goel Honey , Chawla Viney
Published: September 2023

Fungal infections are one of the significant causes of death worldwide. Antifungal agents are associated with several side effects and toxicities while treating these infections. To overcome these physicochemical and pharmacokinetic side effects of antifungal agents, supramolecular drug delivery systems can be employed. The emulsion-based supramolecular assemblies, i.e., micro-emulsion and nanoemulsion, can be functionalized to achieve targeted delivery of antifungal drugs at the desired body sites. Emulsion based supramolecular assemblies have the ability to minimize the side effects related to antifungal agents and enhance their efficacy and safety profile. The pre-sent review focuses on the severe fungal infections and antifungal agents available for their man-agement with their drawbacks. This review also introduces various emulsion-based supramolecular drug delivery approaches that may improve the usability of antifungal agents or reduce their side effects to treat fungal infections.
MicroRNAs Regulate Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Tanzadehpanah Hamid , Avan Amir , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Ferns Gordon A. , Manoochehri Hamed , Sheykhhasan Mohsen , Mahaki Hanie
Published: September 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer mortality, with approximately 1.9 million new cases and 0.9 million deaths globally in 2020. One of the poten-tial ways to treat colorectal cancer may be through the use of molecular methods to induce cell apoptosis. Apoptosis is a natural cellular event that regulates the growth and proliferation of body cells and prevents cancer. In this pathway, several molecules are involved; one group promotes this process, and some molecules that are representative of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) inhibit apoptosis. The most important human IAPs include c-IAP1, c-IAP2, NAIP, Survivin, XIAP, Bruce, ILP-2, and Livin. Several studies have shown that the inhibition of IAPs may be useful in cancer treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may be effective in regulat-ing the expression of various proteins, including those of the IAPs family; they are a large sub-group of non-coding RNAs that are evolutionarily conserved. Therefore, in this review, the miRNAs that may be used to target IAPs in colorectal cancer were discussed.
Biochar, Clay, Zeolites, and Microorganism-based Methods for Remediation
of Heavy Metals
Authors: Monga Yukti , Sharma Shivangi , Singh Shivendra , Gupta Ashu
Published: September 2023

The modern world of chemistry needs to find a sustainable solution for the remediation of
heavy metals. The method of solving heavy metal problems using abundant and easily available ways is
an integral part of green chemistry. This approach stimulates innovation among scientists. These procedures
increase performance and decrease the consumption of non-renewable resources, minimizing negative
impacts on the environment and less use of harmful chemicals. In this review, we have included some
natural ways for the remediation of heavy metals such as Biochar, Clay, Zeolites, and Microorganismbased
methods. We have also incorporated the mechanism of action of each of these procedures for the
betterment of the reader.
Employment Relations: An Evolutionary Perspective
Authors: Mishra Abhishek
Published: September 2023

Employment relations started gaining significant importance in the last 20 years due the changes taking place in the business landscape. The structural changes evolving in organisations had a significant effect on stthe industrial and employment relations in the organisations. With the beginning of the 21century, the term 'industrial relation' started to lose its sheen and the term employment started gaining prominence in the annals of academic studies. The objective of the paper is to present an evolutionary perspective of employment relations and will present an elaborate discussion on how employment relations have evolved from ancient times till date.
Internet-Based Inquiries From Users With the Intention to Overdose With Over-the-Counter Drugs: Qualitative Analysis of Yahoo! Chiebukuro
Authors: Kariya Azusa , Okada Hiroshi , Suzuki Shota , Dote Satoshi , Nishikawa Yoshitaka , Araki Kazuo , Takahashi Yoshimitsu , Nakayama Takeo
Published: September 2023

Background

Public concern with regard to over-the-counter (OTC) drug abuse is growing rapidly across countries. OTC drug abuse has serious effects on the mind and body, such as poisoning symptoms, and often requires specialized treatments. In contrast, there is concern about people who potentially abuse OTC drugs whose symptoms are not serious enough to consult medical institutions or drug addiction rehabilitation centers yet are at high risk of becoming drug dependent in the future.

Objective

Consumer-generated media (CGM), which allows users to disseminate information, is being used by people who abuse (and those who are trying to abuse) OTC drugs to obtain information about OTC drug abuse. This study aims to analyze the content of CGM to explore the questions of people who potentially abuse OTC drugs.

Methods

The subject of this research was Yahoo! Chiebukuro, the largest question and answer website in Japan. A search was performed using the names of drugs commonly used in OTC drug abuse and the keywords overdose and OD, and the number of questions posted on the content of OTC drug abuse was counted. Furthermore, a thematic analysis was conducted by extracting text data on the most abused antitussive and expectorant drug, BRON.

Results

The number of questions about the content of overdose medications containing the keyword BRON has increased sharply as compared with other product names. Furthermore, 467 items of question data that met the eligibility criteria were obtained from 528 items of text data on BRON; 26 codes, 6 categories, and 3 themes were generated from the 578 questions contained in these items. Questions were asked about the effects they would gain from abusing OTC drugs and the information they needed to obtain the effects they sought, as well as about the effects of abuse on their bodies. Moreover, there were questions on how to stop abusing and what is needed when seeking help from a health care provider if they become dependent. It has become clear that people who abuse OTC drugs have difficulty in consulting face-to-face with others, and CGM is used as a means to obtain the necessary information anonymously.

Conclusions

On CGM, people who abused or tried to abuse OTC drugs were asking questions about their abuse expectations and anxieties. In addition, when they became dependent, they sought advice to quit their abuse. CGM was used to exchange information about OTC drug abuse, and many questions on anxieties and hesitations were posted. This study suggests that it is necessary to produce and disseminate information on OTC drug abuse, considering the situation of those who abuse or are willing to abuse OTC drugs. Support from pharmacies and drugstores would also be essential to reduce opportunities for OTC drug abuse.
Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Personalized Home-Based Motor-Cognitive Training Program in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Protocol for a Pragmatic Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Seinsche Julia , de Bruin Eling D , Saibene Enrico , Rizzo Francesco , Carpinella Ilaria , Ferrarin Maurizio , Ifanger Sarina , Moza Sotiria , Giannouli Eleftheria
Published: September 2023

Background

Exergame-based motor-cognitive training in older adults has been associated with improvements in physical, cognitive, and psychological functioning. The novel Cocare system (Dividat GmbH), developed through a user-centered design process, allows motor-cognitive training in a telerehabilitation setting. It includes (1) a stationary stepping platform for supervised exergame training (Dividat Senso; Dividat GmbH), (2) a home-based version (Dividat Senso Flex, which is a rollable pressure-sensitive mat; Dividat GmbH), (3) an assessment system (including motor-cognitive tests), and (4) a rehabilitation cockpit for remote training supervision and management.

Objective

The aim of this study is to test the feasibility and effectiveness of this novel training system.

Methods

A total of 180 older adults from Switzerland, Italy, and Cyprus aged ≥60 years with a prescription for rehabilitation are randomly allocated to an intervention group or a control group. Both groups continue with their usual care, whereas participants in the intervention group additionally perform a 2-week supervised exergame training program at rehabilitation centers, followed by a 10-week home training program under remote supervision. The assessment system is used to indicate the start level of each participant, and, in both intervention periods, standardized progression rules are applied. The measures of feasibility include adherence, attrition, exergame enjoyment, willingness to perform such a training program, and the number and types of help requests. Effectiveness is assessed in terms of cognitive and physical functioning, balance confidence, and quality of life.

Results

Data collection started in February 2023 and is ongoing. Final measurements are expected to be performed in January 2024.

Conclusions

Owing to the user-centered design approach, the Cocare system is expected to be user-friendly and offers several novel features to cover the whole continuum of care. This pragmatic trial will provide valuable information regarding final necessary adaptations and subsequent implementation efforts.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05751551; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05751551

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/49377
Authors’ Reply: Methodological Considerations for a Diabetes Family-Based eHealth Intervention (Preprint)
Authors: Feng Yuheng , Li Xiaohong
Published: September 2023

UNSTRUCTURED
Correction: Psychiatric Treatment Conducted via Telemedicine Versus In-Person Modality in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Shaker Ali Abbas , Austin Stephen F , Storebø Ole Jakob , Schaug Julie Perrine , Ayad Alaa , Sørensen John Aasted , Tarp Kristine , Bechmann Henrik , Simonsen Erik
Published: September 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Figure Correction
Can Large Language Models Replace Therapists? Evaluating Performance at Simple Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Tasks (Preprint)
Authors: Hodson Nathan , Williamson Simon
Published: September 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

The advent of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has potential implications for psychological therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). We systematically investigated whether LLMs could recognize an unhelpful thought, examine its validity, and reframe it to a more helpful one. LLMs currently have the potential to offer reasonable suggestions for the identification and reframing of unhelpful thoughts but should not be relied on to lead CBT delivery.
Appeal of Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Authors No
Published: September 2023

No abstract
Renal dysfunction in general overheating (literature review)
Authors: Kravets O.V. , Yekhalov V.V. , Sedinkin V.A. , Pylypenko O.V. , Martynenko D.A.
Published: September 2023

Over the past 30 years, climate change has taken one of the leading places among the ten main causes of death due to natural disasters. Rising temperatures have been shown to increase emergency department admissions for a wide range of kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease, kidney stones, and urinary tract infections. The occupational effect of heat stress is also associated with AKI, which can quickly progress to acute kidney failure with high mortality. The basis of the pathogenetic mechanisms of heat-induced AKI is a decrease in the circulating blood volume and electrolyte disturbances due to increased perspiration. Water evaporation from the surface of the skin contributes to dehydration with an increase in serum osmolarity. In response to this, vasopressin is activated, the specific gravity of urine increases, and the amount of urine decreases. The glomerular filtration rate progressively decreases. Hypokalemia develops, which changes to hyperkalemia within 12 hours. Tubular endothelium is damaged, which leads to microthrombosis of afferent and efferent renal arteries, the development of an inflammatory response, and exhaustion of the renal interstitium. Possible rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinemia with subsequent tubular obstruction worsen existing kidney damage. According to the leading mechanism of damage, there are two types of acute heat damage to the kidneys: classical rhabdomyolysis and acute interstitial nephritis. Although modern medical advances have contributed to the development of effective treatment and management strategies (rapid cooling, extracorporeal detoxification methods, etc.), mortality in kidney damage due to general overheating has decreased slightly over the past decades. For health care and industry researchers, it is necessary to identify the harmful occupational conditions that lead to heat stress nephropathy and to develop certain occupational safety strategies.
Kajian kedaulatan atas Kepulauan Paracel dan dampaknya terhadap delimitasi batas maritim antara Cina dan Vietnam di Laut Cina Selatan
Authors: Dewi Chika Laksita , Arsana I Made Andi
Published: September 2023

Kepulauan Paracel merupakan kumpulan fitur maritim di Laut Cina Selatan yang sampai saat ini masih disengketakan antara Negara Cina dan Negara Vietnam. Sengketa yang terjadi bukan hanya sebatas masalah kedaulatan atas kepemilikan fitur-fitur maritim, tetapi juga hak berdaulat atas zona maritimnya. Penelitian ini menyajikan dua opsi terkait simulasi delimitasi batas maritim antara Negara Cina dan Negara Vietnam. Opsi yang pertama, yaitu berdasarkan klaim yang diajukan oleh Negara Cina dengan mengacu pada Pasal 46 – 47 UNCLOS 1982. Opsi yang kedua, yaitu berdasarkan klaim yang diajukan oleh Negara Vietnam atas dasar prinsip tindakan pendudukan dengan mengacu pada putusan kasus Pulau Sipadan – Ligitan dan Pulau Palmas. Menurut UNCLOS 1982, salah satu cara yang dilakukan untuk mencapai solusi yang adil dalam delimitasi batas maritim adalah dengan menerapkan prinsip garis tengah atau sama jarak pada area yang tumpang tindih. Hasil dari penelitian ini berdampak pada penambahan dan pengurangan luas ZEE kedua negara.
Pemetaan cepat batimetri perairan dangkal menggunakan citra Sentinel-2 dan Google Earth Engine di Perairan Tanjung Kelayang – Pulau Belitung
Authors: Munawaroh Munawaroh , Wicaksono Pramaditya , Rudiastuti AW
Published: September 2023

Abstrak Peta batimetri perairan dangkal dapat membantu pengelolaan, pemantauan, dan perlindungan bagi ekosistem di dalamnya. Namun, ketersediaan peta batimetri di wilayah perairan dangkal di Indonesia masih terbatas. Untuk itu, diperlukan sebuah metode pemetaan cepat estimasi batimetri di perairan dangkal di Indonesia. Penelitian ini mencoba mengaplikasikan metode otomatisasi pemetaan batimetri perairan dangkal di Tanjung Kelayang menggunakan band biru dan hijau dari mosaik clean-coastal-water citra Sentinel-2, klorofil-a dari aqua-MODIS pada platform Google Earth Engine (GEE). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguji keandalan metode pemetaan cepat batimetri dengan menggunakan data mosaik citra satelit Sentinel-2, klorofil-a dan algoritma band-ratio pada platform GEE di wilayah penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model SDB (Satellite Derived Bathymetry) memiliki R2 sebesar 0,62, mean absolute erorr (MAE) sebesar 1,77 meter dan RMSE sebesar 2,02 meter dengan estimasi nilai kedalaman optimum 5 meter dan maksimum 10 mter. Dengan demikian, model SDB yang dihasilkan dapat diandalkan sebagai alternatif untuk pemetaan cepat batimetri di perairan dangkal, meskipun harus berkompromi dengan akurasi peta batimetri yang dihasilkan. Abstract Bathymetric maps of shallow waters can aid in managing, monitoring, and protecting ecosystems within them. However, the availability of bathymetric maps for shallow water regions in Indonesia still needs to be improved. Therefore, a method of rapid mapping for bathymetry in shallow waters in Indonesia is needed. This study attempts to apply an automated method for mapping shallow water bathymetry in Tanjung Kelayang using the blue and green bands of the clean-coastal-water mosaic of Sentinel-2 images, chlorophyll-a data from aqua-MODIS, and the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. This research aims to test the reliability of the rapid bathymetry mapping method using Sentinel-2 image mosaics, chlorophyll-a data, and band-ratio algorithms on the GEE platform in the study area. The results of the study show that the Satellite Derived Bathymetry (SDB) model has an R2 value of 0,62, a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1,77 meters, and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 2,02 meters, with an estimated optimal depth value of 5 meters and a maximum depth value of 10 meters. Thus, the generated SDB model can be considered a reliable alternative for rapid bathymetry mapping in shallow waters, although it may compromise the accuracy of the resulting bathymetric maps.
Kesiapsiagaan masyarakat desa tangguh bencana terhadap ancaman tsunami di Kabupaten Cilacap
Authors: Akhirianto Novian Andri , Giyarsih Sri Rum , Mardiatno Djati
Published: September 2023

Abstrak Wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Cilacap memiliki potensi ancaman tsunami yang dapat terjadi setiap saat, sehingga masyarakat yang tinggal di dalamnya dituntut memiliki kesiapsiagaan yang baik. Adanya intervensi program “Desa Tangguh Bencana” (Destana), tidak serta-merta menjamin kesiapsiagaan masyarakat selalu dalam kondisi baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tingkat kesiapsiagaan masyarakat Destana tsunami, menggunakan empat parameter kesiapsiagaan masyarakat (pengetahuan risiko bencana, rencana tanggap darurat, sistem peringatan bencana, dan mobilisasi sumberdaya). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei menggunakan kuesioner, terhadap 100 responden rumah tangga yang ada di 8 desa yang sudah ditetapkan menjadi Destana di Kabupaten Cilacap. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis indeks untuk mengetahui tingkat kesiapsiagaan masyarakat terhadap ancaman tsunami. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kesiapsiagaan masyarakat Destana tsunami di Kabupaten Cilacap berada pada kategori hampir siap, dengan indeks kesiapsiagaan masyarakat 55. Adanya intervensi program Destana belum mampu menjadikan tingkat kesiapsiagaan masyarakat terhadap ancaman tsunami pada level siap ataupun sangat siap. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena keempat parameter kesiapsiagan belum optimal, dimana mobilisasi sumberdaya menjadi parameter yang paling belum optimal. Dukungan dari berbagai pihak sangat dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat terhadap ancaman tsunami di Kabupaten Cilacap. Abstract The coastal area of Cilacap Regency has the potential for a tsunami hazard that can occur at any time, so that the community who live in it are required to have good preparedness. The program intervention of Disaster Resilient Village (Destana) does not necessarily guarantee that community preparedness is always in good condition. This research aims to assess the level of preparedness of the tsunami village community, using four parameters of community preparedness (disaster risk knowledge, emergency response plans, disaster warning systems, and resource mobilization). This research was conducted using a survey method using a questionnaire, to 100 household respondents in 8 villages that had been designated as the Destana. Data analysis was carried out using index analysis to determine the level of community preparedness against the threat of a tsunami. The results showed that the community preparedness level of the Destana tsunami was in the almost ready category, with a community preparedness index of 55. The four parameters of preparedness are not optimal, with resource mobilization being the least optimal parameter. Support from various parties is urgently needed to increase community preparedness against the tsunami hazard in Cilacap Regency.
Местонахождение Шапи — новый памятник энеолита в Рын-песках Северного Прикаспия
Authors:   Margulan Institute of Archaeology, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (44, Dostyk Ave., 050010 Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan), Mamirov Talgat B. , Klyshev Yerlan Ye. ,   Margulan Institute of Archaeology, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (44, Dostyk Ave., 050010 Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan),   Makhambet Utemisov West Kazakhstan University (162, N. Nazarbayev Ave., 090000 Uralsk, Republic of Kazakhstan), Kuandyk Samrat R. ,   Margulan Institute of Archaeology, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (44, Dostyk Ave., 050010 Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan), Shagirbayev Mambet S. ,   Margulan Institute of Archaeology, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (44, Dostyk Ave., 050010 Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan)
Published: September 2023

Introduction. A continental stage in the Northern Caspian geological history began with the Mangyshlak regression when sands that would shape the Ryn Desert were freed from marine waters, and the region started being actively invaded by humans, which is evidenced by numerous Stone Age sites. The bulk of the latter are represented by ‘open-air’ materials — some mixed complexes with few ceramic remains — and this does complicate chronological attributions of such archaeological collections. So, the study of monuments with preserved ‘cultural layers’ instrumental in obtaining a series of absolute dates is a primary task in understanding historical and cultural processes of the Mesolithic/Eneolithic in the Northern Caspian. Goals. The article aims to introduce into scientific circulation some materials discovered at the site of Shapi in the Ryn-Peski Desert. Materials and methods. The site of Shapi is located in the north-northwest of the Ryn Desert, 30 km south of Lake Aralsor in present-day Bokey Orda District of West Kazakhstan Region. The stone artefacts obtained are few enough, mainly of quartzitic sandstone, and number 67, e.g., 6 items are tools — arrowheads, an arrowhead fragment, a notched piece, a flake with a distinguished point, and a flake with retouch. There are 8 flint artefacts, including 5 tools — an arrowhead, fragments of blades with retouch, and two flakes with retouch. A pit was dug out on the spot abundant in finds, and it yielded bone remains of cattle, goats and sheep, a horse, a camel, and a dog (wolf). Results. Despite tool forms are few enough, one can note the presence of pieces with bifacial retouch and concave-based arrowheads with small wings. Species composition analysis of the bone remains shows those are dominated by cloven-hoofed animals, essentials of the examined bone complex attest to these are kitchen waste. Bone remains at depths of 20–40 and 40–60 cm yielded a series of calibration dates between 4048 and 3956 BCE. Conclusions. Chronologically, the site clusters with Late Eneolithic ones, and may be attributed to the late Khvalynsk and Altata cultures.
О порядке рассмотрения наградных материалов за оспопрививание в дореволюционной Калмыкии XIX в. (на примере архивного дела № 141 фонда И-2 «Комиссии калмыцких дел» Национального архива Республики Калмыкия)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Mandzhikova Larisa B.
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The early-to-mid 19th-century Kalmyk Steppe witnessed certain changes in the system of governing the Kalmyk people that were to introduce the region into the unified agenda of Russia’s administrative and territorial structures. And it was Kalmyk Affairs Commission that became the first agency to have implemented such administrative functions and solved issues related to the life of Kalmyks. Documents containing evidence of its activities were included in Collection-2 (similarly referred to as ‘Kalmyk Affairs Commission’, 1825–1836) of Kalmykia’s National Archive. Goals. The study attempts an analysis of the documents’ composition, investigates paperwork procedures adopted by the Commission, and explores whether (and to what extent) the latter actually complied with the then general nationwide norms of records keeping and management. These shall be achieved through an insight into the consideration of a petition insisting Emchi Gelyung Dzhalov be awarded a medal ‘For Smallpox Vaccination’. Results. Documents of Kalmyk Affairs Commission are unique written sources for the study of records keeping and management practices in pre-revolutionary Kalmykia. The examined archival materials hereby introduced into scientific circulation can also become a source for further research into the formation and development of pre-revolutionary Kalmykia’s healthcare system.
Рукопись на тодо бичиг «Sukhvadiyin oroni bayidal keyigēd irel tobči xyrāngγu» («Краткий сборник, [включающий] описание страны Сукхавати и благопожелание») из Научного архива Калмыцкого научного центра РАН: проблемы археографического описания, транслитерации и перевода
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Muzraeva Deliash N.
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The issues of identifying primary sources for handwritten Oirat-language (Clear Script) collections and selections of texts preserved by Kalmyks, delineating their constituent elements, finding correspondences between the former and Tibetan-language works still constitute a topical area of Oirat and Mongolian studies at large. Goals. The study aims to perform an archaeographic description, transliterate, and translate the text under consideration to introduce into scientific circulation this Oirat-language handwritten collection attesting to that the cult of Buddha Amitabha and his pure land has existed among Kalmyks. Materials. The work investigates the handwritten collection titled ‘Sukhvadiyin Oroni Bayidal Keyigēd Irel Tobči Xyrāngγu’ from scientific archives of Kalmyk Scientific Center RAS (O. Dordzhiev / Rev. Tugmyud Gavji Collection). Results. The manuscript comprises texts compiled at later stages of Clear Script’s dissemination among Kalmyks. It is characterized by erroneous spellings of graphemes, words, lack of punctuation marks, which complicates transliteration and translation efforts. It is the colophon that contains most interesting data about the author of the original Tibetan-language text which served as a basis for the Oirat translation included in the collection — Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen, a renown Tibetan Buddhist preacher (late 13th – mid-14th cc.). This text is evidence that Kalmyk clerics did create short collections of compositions to perform various cults and practices, including those aimed at worshiping Buddha Amitabha, his pure land, and taking vows for rebirth in heavenly realms of Sukhavati.
Функции шаманов в бурятской эпической традиции
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Nikolaeva Natalia N. , Dampilova Liudmila S. ,   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation)
Published: September 2023

Introduction. It is urgent enough to reveal original features of epic traditions in certain ethnic environments to draw a general epic picture of Central Asian peoples. As is evident, shamanism has given rise to diverse epic and poetic genres. Shamanic and epic texts of Mongols are characterized by identical mythological patterns of world order, unified heavenly pantheons, coherent and synonymous ideas and concepts. Goals. The article aims to identify the functions of a shaman/shamaness in plots of Buryat epic narratives, determine the former’s position and status in the system of images. So, the paper shall analyze epic texts clustering with different local traditions of Cis-Baikal Buryats, delineate images of shamans and shamanesses to consider them in a comparative perspective with the involvement of ethnographic material. Materials and methods. The study employs comparative-historical and contrastive methods as key tools of analysis. It examines Buryat epic texts — both published ones and those contained in archives of the Center of Oriental Manuscripts and Xylographs (IMBTS SB RAS). Results. The paper suggests that in the Buryat epic tradition shamans and shamanesses can be viewed as traditional characters traced back to most archaic beliefs, though their functions in uligers are essentially limited and monotypic. There is a gender division at different levels of the universe: celestial deities of upper realms are represented by male shamans, while only shamanesses exhibit activity in the Middle World (i.e., on the Earth). The functions of male shaman deities are nominal and not that significant for the plot. The status of a shamaness in variants and versions of the Unga Geseriad is quite high: she serves as mediator between Heaven and Earth, defender, assistant and adviser to the main characters, clairvoyant and soothsayer — and performs the classical role of shamans in society. Narratives recorded from shaman taletellers or individuals with extensive expertise in shamanic traditions tend to entrust shamanesses with larger plot development impacts rather than those delivered by mere narrators. However, in other uligers (not included in Geseriad) the shamaness — though endowed with the same functions of a clairvoyant, soothsayer and adviser — is opposed to the main character and supports his enemies. So, such uligers often contain the motif of her physical elimination. As can be seen from the above, in Buryat uligers male shamans are rather passive and nominal characters, while shamanesses do play most active roles. In general, the status of shamanesses in the epic tradition does not quite correlate with the traditionally high status of shamans and shamanesses among Cis-Baikal Buryats.
Два сюжета о тигрице (на материале рассказов из «Гирлянды джатак» и «Сутры о мудрости и глупости»)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Maksimova Olga A.
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The article deals with two samples of Tibetan-language jātaka texts traced back to the story of the tigress — from the Jātakamālā or Garland of Birth Stories” (Tib. skyes pa'i rabs kyi rgyud, 4th c. AD) and Sutra of the Wise and the Fool (Tib. ’Dzangs blun zhes bya ba theg pa chen po’i mdo, 5th–7th cc. AD). In the narratives under consideration, the Bodhisattva sacrificed himself to a tigress that suffered from starvation and was unable to feed two cubs of hers. Despite the setup and resolution parts associated with the image of a starving tigress and the Bodhisattva’s deed of ‘giving one’s own body’ (Tib. lus sbyin pa) are identical enough, the narrative constructs at large, main and secondary characters do differ significantly in the two stories. The article analyzes some distinctive aspects of compositional components inherent to the canonical Tibetan original texts, describes the plots proper, and identifies common and differing features. Goals. The paper aims to consider contents of the two stories — Jātaka of the Tigress and [Story] of How Prince Mahasattva Sacrificed His Body to a Tigress (Chapter 2), respectively — arising from the plot archetype of giving one’s own body to a tigress, yield genre affiliations, provide comparative data about characters of the stories. The work employs methods of textual and literary analysis Results. Our analysis of the texts shows the latter differ significantly, and the differences touch upon some aspects, such as belonging to the canonical corpus (which accordingly influences structural patterns), numbers of storylines and images of the main character, composition of characters, etc. The work also examines semantics of the concept ‘generosity’ (Tib. sbyin pa) articulated in the title of the Sutra’s chapter. Conclusions. The plot contents of the analyzed jātaka texts vary essentially but the plot archetype of sacrificing one’s body to a tigress remains unchanged.