bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using a Multicountry Learning Network to Harvest and Rapidly Spread Implementation Knowledge across Programs Aimed to Reduce Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV and Improve Nutrition: Perspectives and Lessons Learned for Similar Large-Scale Initiatives
Authors: Webster Patty D. , Deka Sidhartha , Ismail Anisa , Stern Amy F. , Barker Pierre M.
Published: June 2019

As countries pursue UNAIDS’s 90-90-90 target for ending the AIDS epidemic, success is dependent on learning how to deliver effective care. We describe a learning network and mechanisms used to foster communication and sharing of ideas and results across 6 countries in the Partnership for HIV-Free Survival. The network used 2 forms of peer exchange, in-person and virtual, and a variety of knowledge management mechanisms to harvest and spread key learning. Key learning included valuable insights on how to design and convene a multicountry learning network, including top enablers of success and practical insights on the network’s value. The network was instrumental in accelerating learning about improving care. Our experience shows the value of creating a quality improvement–driven, multicountry learning network to accelerate the pace of improving care systems. Government ownership and adaptation of collaborative learning efforts to the country context must be considered when designing future networks.
Tumour incidence in Fabry disease: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Rossi Federica , Auricchio Sara , Binaggia Agnese , L’imperio Vincenzo , Pagni Fabio , Pieruzzi Federico
Published: June 2019

Background:

Recently, a possible correlation between altered glycosphingolipid metabolism, that occurs in Fabry disease, and cancer development has been suggested. We analysed both incidence and prevalence of benign and malignant tumours in a Fabry patient cohort and compared them with the Italian general population. The analysis of major risk factors was performed.

Methods:

A total of 53 Fabry patients, followed by Nephrology Unit of San Gerardo Hospital (Monza, Italy), were retrospectively enrolled. Primary outcome was cancer development during the follow-up period (2007–2017). Cancer prevalence and incidence rate were calculated and compared to those in the Italian general population, acquired from public report on cancer estimates produced by the Cancer Registers’ Italian Association. Fisher’s exact test and multivariate analysis were performed to identify significant risk factors.

Results:

Nine (17%) patients were diagnosed with malignant neoplasia (stage T1–T3, N0M0). Most of them were female (77.8%) and were 59 ± 9 years old. In the benign tumour group, different lesions, ranging from adenoma to dysplasia, were recorded. Italian cancer prevalence is currently 5.5%, while in our population it was 17%; the incidence rate ratio of the Fabry population compared with the general population was 2.66 (95% confidence interval from 1.33 to 5.32). The risk factor analysis has revealed that older age was a negative factor for cancer onset, while enzyme replacement therapy had a protective role effect against cancer in Fabry patients.

Conclusion:

Cancer could be an important associated pathology in Fabry patients. Their altered glycosphingolipid metabolism may have an oncogenic role. Further studies are needed to clarify the relationships between Fabry disease and cancer onset. Tumours in Fabry subjects could be diagnosed at an early stage allowing patients to have a concrete chance of treatment success.
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with high mutation burden presenting in a child with constitutional mismatch repair deficiency
Authors: Oshrine Benjamin , Grana Nanette , Moore Colin , Nguyen Johnny , Crenshaw Melissa , Edwards Melissa , Sudhaman Sumedha , Forster Victoria J. , Tabori Uri
Published: June 2019

Key Points

Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome should be considered in children with acute leukemia and characteristic skin lesions. The high mutation burden of CMMRD-related cancers contributes to treatment resistance, necessitating individualized treatment strategies.
Cardiac angiosarcoma in a female adolescent: a case report
Authors: Oliveira Wlisses Ramon , Machado Carla Pérez , Moreira Marcelo Mendes Las Casas , de Siqueira Elisa Carvalho , de Souza Fabrício Tinôco Alvim , Prado Fabiano Franco Monteiro , Álvares Maria Carolina Barbosa , Antunes Paulo Ramos Botelho , Faleiro Cláudia Souza Freitas
Published: June 2019

We report a rare case of cardiac angiosarcoma in a female adolescent patient that is an unusual case of cardiac angiosarcoma. As the initial symptoms are nonspecific our case demonstrated difficulty to establish the correct diagnosis. Our patient has in addition to these, malaise, diarrhea and hemoptysis which was mistakenly diagnosed with pneumonia. Here, we discuss aspects of computed tomography with a definitive diagnosis confirmed by immunohistochemistry, through a transthoracic radioguided biopsy. The patient presented improvement after urgent chemotherapy, however, she died 4 months after initial symptoms. In view of these aspects, it is clear the need for early diagnosis and a definition of optimized treatment in order to extend the survival of these patients.
A 3D channel body interpretation via multiple attributes and supervoxel graph cut
Authors: Yao Xingmiao , Zhang Mengxin , Sun Mengyang , Zhou Cheng , Yi Yang , Hu Guangmin
Published: June 2019

Channels have always been vital geologic features in the exploration of hydrocarbon reservoirs, which makes the interpretation of channels an important task. Many different seismic attributes have been proposed to help the process of channel interpretation. A single seismic attribute could not fully and accurately reflect the geologic structure and edge details of a channel. Therefore, interpretation on a single attribute causes inaccurate segmentation. A 3D channel body interpretation method based on multiple attributes and supervoxel graph cut is applied in this paper, which identifies and segments the channel geologic body with fuzzy boundaries, poor continuity, or even data loss more accurately. First, a nonlinear dimensionality reduction method (locally linear embedding with geodesic distance) is applied to fuse a variety of seismic attributes to make channels clearer. Then, a graph-cut method based on the super geologic voxel is introduced, which reduces the computational complexity of segmentation and generates supervoxels more fitted to the edge of the channel body. Finally, a smooth 3D surface of the channel is obtained through the isosurface extraction. We use the data of a work area in northwest China and Parihaka-3D to evaluate the performance of our method. Our results show that, compared with other methods, the information provided by the fusion attribute is more complete, and the edge continuity of the channel is improved. The 3D channel bodies obtained by our method are clear and continuous. In the case of a complex channel body, our method can also work well.
Neighbourhood greenness and depression among older adults
Authors: Perrino Tatiana , Lombard Joanna , Rundek Tatjana , Wang Kefeng , Dong Chuanhui , Gutierrez Carolina Marinovic , Toro Matthew , Byrne Margaret M. , Nardi Maria I. , Kardys Jack , Szapocznik José , Brown Scott C.
Published: June 2019

Background

Neighbourhood greenness or vegetative presence has been associated with indicators of health and well-being, but its relationship to depression in older adults has been less studied. Understanding the role of environmental factors in depression may inform and complement traditional depression interventions, including both prevention and treatment.

Aims

This study examines the relationship between neighbourhood greenness and depression diagnoses among older adults in Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA.

Method

Analyses examined 249 405 beneficiaries enrolled in Medicare, a USA federal health insurance programme for older adults. Participants were 65 years and older, living in the same Miami location across 2 years (2010–2011). Multilevel analyses assessed the relationship between neighbourhood greenness, assessed by average block-level normalised difference vegetative index via satellite imagery, and depression diagnosis using USA Medicare claims data. Covariates were individual age, gender, race/ethnicity, number of comorbid health conditions and neighbourhood median household income.

Results

Over 9% of beneficiaries had a depression diagnosis. Higher levels of greenness were associated with lower odds of depression, even after adjusting for demographics and health comorbidities. When compared with individuals residing in the lowest tertile of greenness, individuals from the middle tertile (medium greenness) had 8% lower odds of depression (odds ratio 0.92; 95% CI 0.88, 0.96; P = 0.0004) and those from the high tertile (high greenness) had 16% lower odds of depression (odds ratio 0.84; 95% CI 0.79, 0.88; P < 0.0001).

Conclusions

Higher levels of greenness may reduce depression odds among older adults. Increasing greenery – even to moderate levels – may enhance individual-level approaches to promoting wellness.

Declaration of interest

None.
Antibodies Predict Pegaspargase Allergic Reactions and Failure of Rechallenge
Authors: Liu Yiwei , Smith Colton A. , Panetta John C. , Yang Wenjian , Thompson Lauren E. , Counts Jacob P. , Molinelli Alejandro R. , Pei Deqing , Kornegay Nancy M. , Crews Kristine R. , Swanson Hope , Cheng Cheng , Karol Seth E. , Evans William E. , Inaba Hiroto , Pui Ching-Hon , Jeha Sima , Relling Mary V.
Published: June 2019

PURPOSE

Pegaspargase (PEG-ASP) has largely replaced native Escherichia coli asparaginase (L-ASP) in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia because of its longer half-life and lower immunogenicity. Risk factors for allergic reactions to PEG-ASP remain unclear. Here, we identify risk factors for reactions in a front-line acute lymphoblastic leukemia trial and assess the usefulness of serum antibodies for diagnosing allergy and predicting rechallenge outcome.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

PEG-ASP was administered to 598 patients in St Jude’s Total XVI study. Results were compared with Total XV study ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT00549848 and NCT00137111 ), which used native L-ASP. Serum samples (n = 5,369) were analyzed for anti–PEG-ASP immunoglobulin G by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Positive samples were tested for anti–polyethylene glycol (PEG) and anti–L-ASP. We analyzed potential risk factors for reactions and associations between antibodies and reactions, rechallenge outcomes, and PEG-ASP pharmacokinetics.

RESULTS

Grade 2 to 4 reactions were less common in the Total XVI study with PEG-ASP (81 [13.5%] of 598) than in the Total XV study with L-ASP (169 [41.2%] of 410; P = 1.4 × 10−23). For Total XVI, anti-PEG, not anti–L-ASP, was the predominant component of anti–PEG-ASP antibodies (96%). In a multivariable analysis, more intrathecal therapy (IT) predicted fewer reactions ( P = 2.4 × 10−5), which is consistent with an immunosuppressant contribution of IT. Anti–PEG-ASP was associated with accelerated drug clearance ( P = 5.0 × 10−6). Failure of rechallenge after initial reactions was associated with anti–PEG-ASP ( P = .0078) and was predicted by the occurrence of angioedema with first reaction ( P = .01).

CONCLUSION

Less IT therapy was the only independent clinical risk factor for reactions to PEG-ASP. PEG, and not L-ASP, is the major antigen that causes allergic reactions. Anti–PEG-ASP has utility in predicting and confirming clinical reactions to PEG-ASP as well as in identifying patients who are most likely to experience failure with rechallenge.
Genomic Instability andTP53Genomic Alterations Associate With Poor Antiproliferative Response and Intrinsic Resistance to Aromatase Inhibitor Treatment
Authors: Schuster Eugene F. , Gellert Pascal , Segal Corrinne V. , López-Knowles Elena , Buus Richard , Cheang Maggie Chon U. , Morden James , Robertson John , Bliss Judith M. , Smith Ian , Dowsett Mitch ,   on behalf of the POETIC Trial Management Group and Trialists
Published: June 2019

PURPOSE

Although aromatase inhibitor (AI) treatment is effective in estrogen receptor–positive postmenopausal breast cancer, resistance is common and incompletely explained. Genomic instability, as measured by somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs), is important in breast cancer development and prognosis. SCNAs to specific genes may drive intrinsic resistance, or high genomic instability may drive tumor heterogeneity, which allows differential response across tumors and surviving cells to evolve resistance to treatment rapidly. We therefore evaluated the relationship between SCNAs and intrinsic resistance to treatment as measured by a poor antiproliferative response.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

SCNAs were determined by single nucleotide polymorphism array in baseline and surgery core-cuts from 73 postmenopausal patients randomly assigned to receive 2 weeks of preoperative AI or no AI in the Perioperative Endocrine Therapy—Individualizing Care (POETIC) trial. Fifty-six samples from the AI group included 28 poor responders (PrRs, less than 60% reduction in protein encoded by the  MKI67 gene [Ki-67]) and 28 good responders (GdRs, greater than 75% reduction in Ki-67). Exome sequencing was available for 72 pairs of samples.

RESULTS

Genomic instability correlated with Ki-67 expression at both baseline ( P < .001) and surgery ( P < .001) and was higher in PrRs ( P = .048). The SCNA with the largest difference between GdRs and PrRs was loss of heterozygosity observed at 17p (false discovery rate, 0.08), which includes TP53. Nine of 28 PrRs had loss of wild-type TP53 as a result of mutations and loss of heterozygosity compared with three of 28 GdRs. In PrRs, somatic alterations of TP53 were associated with higher genomic instability, higher baseline Ki-67, and greater resistance to AI treatment compared with wild-type TP53.

CONCLUSION

We observed that primary tumors with high genomic instability have an intrinsic resistance to AI treatment and do not require additional evolution to develop resistance to estrogen deprivation therapy.
Persistently Elevated PTH After Parathyroidectomy at One Year: Experience in a Tertiary Referral Center
Authors: Caldwell Marie , Laux Jeff , Clark Marshall , Kim Lawrence , Rubin Janet
Published: June 2019

Context/Objective

Increased PTH after successful parathyroid surgery represents a clinical conundrum. We aimed to determine the prevalence of persistently elevated PTH (PePTH) postsurgery, along with predisposing factors.

Design

and Setting: Patients ≥ age 18 with parathyroidectomy performed at University of North Carolina Hospitals for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) over a 12-year period were identified from the Carolina Data Warehouse. Clinical and demographic characteristics were collected, transformed, and analyzed.

Results

Five hundred seventy patients met initial criteria for PHPT, and of those 407 had postoperative values. One hundred forty-four had laboratory results within 3 to 18 months post operatively. There was no clinical difference between those with and without long-term laboratory follow-up. Presurgery, patients had average calcium of 11 mg/dL and PTH 125.4 pg/mL. Ninety-seven percent of patients had normalized calcium after surgery, but 30% had PePTH, which can be predicted at 3 months. Patients with PePTH (persistent elevation of PTH) after surgery did not differ from those with normalized PTH in terms of sex, age, body mass index, or excised gland weight; presurgery 25-vitamin D was slightly lower, but not abnormal (26 ± 15 vs 36 ± 11). The presurgical PTH was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in those with PePTH (156.5 pg/mL compared with presurgical level of 102.5 in those whose PTH normalized).

Conclusions

Nearly one-third of PHPT patients have elevated PTH levels postsurgery in a tertiary hospital setting. At presentation, patients with PePTH tend to have higher PTH relative to calcium levels. Whether PePTH after surgical treatment of PHPT has pathological consequences is unknown.
An instrumented centrifuge for studying mouse locomotion and behaviour under hypergravity
Authors: Smith Benjamin J. H. , Usherwood James R.
Published: June 2019

Gravity may influence multiple aspects of legged locomotion, from the periods of limbs moving as pendulums to the muscle forces required to support the body. We present a system for exposing mice to hypergravity using a centrifuge, and studying their locomotion and activity during exposure. Centrifuge induced hypergravity has the advantages that it allows animals to move freely, and it affects both body and limbs. The centrifuge can impose two levels of hypergravity concurrently, using two sets of arms of different lengths, each carrying a mouse cage outfitted with a force and speed measuring exercise wheel and an infrared high speed camera; both triggered automatically when a mouse begins running on the wheel. Welfare is monitored using infrared cameras. As well as detailing the design of the centrifuge and instrumentation, we present example data from mice exposed to multiple levels of hypergravity, and details of how they acclimatized to hypergravity.
Repair-independent functions of DNA-PKcs protect irradiated cells from mitotic slippage and accelerated senescence
Authors: Liu Yue , Efimova Elena V. , Ramamurthy Aishwarya , Kron Stephen J.
Published: June 2019

The binding of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs, also known as PRKDC) to Ku proteins at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) has long been considered essential for non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair, providing a rationale for use of DNA-PKcs inhibitors as cancer therapeutics. Given lagging clinical translation, we reexamined mechanisms and observed instead that DSB repair can proceed independently of DNA-PKcs. While repair of radiation-induced DSBs was blocked in cells expressing shRNAs targeting Ku proteins or other NHEJ core factors, DSBs were repaired on schedule despite targeting DNA-PKcs. Although we failed to observe a DSB repair defect, the γH2AX foci that formed at sites of DNA damage persisted indefinitely after irradiation, leading to cytokinesis failure and accumulation of binucleated cells. Following this mitotic slippage, cells with decreased DNA-PKcs underwent accelerated cellular senescence. We identified downregulation of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM) as the critical role of DNA-PKcs in recovery from DNA damage, insofar as targeting ATM restored γH2AX foci resolution and cytokinesis. Considering the lack of direct impact on DSB repair and emerging links between senescence and resistance to cancer therapy, these results suggest reassessing DNA-PKcs as a target for cancer treatment.
Regulation of dendrite morphology and excitatory synapse formation by zDHHC15
Authors: Shah Bhavin S. , Shimell Jordan J. , Bamji Shernaz X.
Published: June 2019

Protein palmitoylation is the most common post-translational lipid modification in the brain and is mediated by a family of 24 zDHHC enzymes. There has been growing interest in zDHHCs due to mounting evidence that these enzymes play key roles in the development and function of neuronal connections, and the fact that a number of zDHHCs have been associated with neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. Loss-of-function variants in several zDHHCs, including zDHHC15, have been identified in patients with intellectual disabilities; however, the function of zDHHC15 in the brain has not been well studied. Here, we demonstrate that knocking down zDHHC15 in primary rat hippocampal cultures reduces dendritic outgrowth and arborization, as well as spine maturation. Moreover, knockdown of zDHHC15 reduces palmitoylation of PSD-95 and its trafficking into dendrites, resulting in an overall decrease in the density of excitatory synapses being formed onto mutant cells.
Predictors of age at first child’s birth and contraceptive use among men in Uganda
Authors: Nsobya Henry , Kabagenyi Allen , Rusatira Jean Christophe
Published: June 2019

Background: Globally, research on age at first child’s birth among men has been neglected especially in Africa. Consequently, little is known about its impact on male involvement in reproductive health. This paper examined the socio-demographic, economic and proximate predictors of age at first child’s birth among men aged 15-54 years in Uganda.

Methods: We used the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) on a sample of 3,206 men aged 15-54 years who had a biological child.  The outcome variable was age at first childbirth categorized as: below 17, 18-24 and 25 years and above (25+). Analysis was done using descriptive statistics,  un-adjusted and adjusted multinomial regressions with significance level at 95%.

Results: Median age at first child’s birth was 22 years (IQR = 20-25). The majority of men (62.4%) had fatherhood onset between 18 and 24 years. Only 5.2% had fatherhood onset at 17 years or earlier, increasing to 32.4% at 25+. Respondents whose first sexual encounter was before 18 years was 44.3% and 92.7% by 24+. Few respondents (44.1%) reported use of any contraceptive methods. Anglican religion (RRR=1.62; CI 1.06 – 2.46) or not having attended school (RRR=2.20; CI 1.02-4.71) were predictors of childbirth onset before 17 years.  Age of sex debut at 18 years or higher (RRR= 2.09, CI 1.72 – 2.54) and secondary and above education (RRR = 1.76, CI 1.42-2.18) were predictors of fatherhood onset at 25+.  Contraceptive use among men had no association with age at first child’s birth.

Conclusion: These findings are important for strategic allocation of resources to curb early onset of fatherhood among adolescent and young men under the age of 25 years. They highlight the need for gender-sensitive interventions targeting men for behavioral change, participation in Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights (SRHR) programming and improved access to services delivery.
Jay Zysk. Shadow and Substance: Eucharistic Controversy and English Drama Across the Reformation Divide. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2017. Pp. xiv, 377. Paperback USD $45.00. ISBN 9780268102302.
Authors: Atkin Tamara
Published: June 2019

This review considers Shadow and Substance: Eucharistic Controversy and English Drama Across the Reformation Divide.
Tamara Atkin. Reading Drama in Tudor England. London & New York: Routledge, 2018. Pp. xxx, 239. Hardback USD $140.00. ISBN: 9781472476265.
Authors: Bourne Claire M. L.
Published: June 2019

This review considers Reading Drama in Tudor England.
Chris Fitter, ed. Shakespeare and the Politics of Commoners: Digesting the New Social History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017. Pp. 264. Hardback £55.00. ISBN: 9780198806899.
Authors: Haworth Ben
Published: June 2019

This review considers Shakespeare and the Politics of Commoners: Digesting the New Social History.
Goran Stanivukovic, ed. Queer Shakespeare: Desire and Sexuality. London: Bloomsbury, 2017. Pp 424. Hardback: £72.00. ISBN: 9781350084476.
Authors: McHugh Emer
Published: June 2019

This review considers Queer Shakespeare: Desire and Sexuality.
Ross W. Duffin. Some Other Note: The Lost Songs of English Renaissance Comedy. New York: Oxford University Press, 2018. Pp xxxviii, 722. Hardback £32.99. ISBN: 9780190856601.
Authors: McInnis David
Published: June 2019

This review considers Some Other Note: The Lost Songs of English Renaissance Comedy.
Dementia: prevalence and pathophysiology
Authors: Nazarko Linda
Published: June 2019

An estimated 954 000 people in the UK have dementia. The number of people with dementia is projected to rise to 1.14 million by 2025 and to 2.09 million by 2051, as a result of population ageing ( Prince et al, 2014 ).

This article, the first in a series, explains about the different types of diseases that can lead to dementia symptoms and our knowledge regarding the development of dementia symptoms.
Rare health conditions 24: Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), papilloedema, spondylothoracic dysostosis (STD)
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this series is to briefly highlight a range of rare health conditions. Rare health conditions are those that affect no more and usually fewer than 1 person in every 2000 and many HCAs and nurses will encounter some of these conditions, given the high number of these conditions. This 24th article will briefly explore three of these conditions.
Celebrating partnership working between the third sector and the NHS
Authors: Glasper Alan
Published: June 2019

Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, University of Southampton, discusses the success of partnerships between the third sector and the NHS, which is crucial to improving care for people in society.
Should there be compulsory childhood immunisation?
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: June 2019

Richard Griffith, Senior Lecturer in Health Law at Swansea University, considers whether childhood immunisation should be made compulsory or left to parental choice.
Drug breakdown: warfarin
Authors: Rees Sharon
Published: June 2019

In this column, Sharon Rees aims to refresh knowledge and interest in some of the commonly used drugs in a series of tweets. This month she is talking about #warfarin
A role for low-carbohydrate diets in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Winter George
Published: June 2019

Prescribing for diabetes has increased in recent years. Here, George Winter discusses the potential role of a low-carbohydrate diet in type 2 diabetes control
Pharmacology content in pre-registration curricula: evidence to support implementation
Authors: Paterson Ruth , Wood Alison
Published: June 2019

Ruth Paterson and Alison Wood provide an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to non-medical prescribers. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided
Human factors and safe prescribing
Authors: Greenwood Sarah
Published: June 2019

The aim of this article is to discuss the professional issues and complex factors that can contribute to prescribing errors. It will review the need for a focus on pharmacovigilance and human factors in order to reduce the risk of errors and develop safe prescribing practices in newly qualified non-medical prescribers. The article will also highlight the professional elements that require recognition, not only for the prescriber, but also from an organisational perspective.
Organisational management tools in healthcare
Authors: Hancock Dave
Published: June 2019

Recent NHS England plans and the new GP Contract emphasise developments in primary care that will inevitably involve practice managers. Dave Hancock looks at how you can acquire the skills to implement these developments
Cyber safety: Steps to ensuring password security
Authors: Taylor Clive
Published: June 2019

When it comes to protecting your data, information or money, the only way to make a long-term difference is by changing your attitude towards password security, says Clive Taylor
Food allergy in children
Authors: Noakes Amy
Published: June 2019

Health professionals in primary care are encouraged to provide support for parents of children with a diagnosed or suspected food allergy, says Amy Noakes
Sharing staff across a network
Authors: Cumberlege Justin
Published: June 2019

Justin Cumberlege, a partner in the healthcare law firm Hempsons, specialises in advising GPs. Here he considers sharing staff in a primary care network
Primary care networks: Extended hours access
Authors: McCutcheon Jonathan
Published: June 2019

In view of the transferred responsibility and funding for extended hours access service to primary care networks, there are a significant amount of practical arrangements to be considered by member practices
Forces on Monitoring Cables during Grain Bin Filling and Emptying
Authors: Thompson Sidney A. , Armstrong Paul R. , McNeill Samuel G. , Maghirang Ronaldo G. , Montross Michael D. , Turner Aaron P. , Casada Mark   E.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Monitoring the temperature of stored grain with permanent cables suspended from the bin roof is common practice in commercial grain storage and is sometimes used in on-farm grain storage bins. Knowledge of the forces imparted on the cables by flowing grain is required for proper design of cables, connection hardware, and bin roofs, but there is little data in the literature for full size bins. To determine forces on different cable sizes and configurations, five different cable designs were tested during filling and emptying of wheat and corn. Two concrete storage bins, 4.6-m diameter and 25-m maximum depth, were used with cables suspended from the center of the bin or suspended 0.6 m from the sidewall. The bottom ends of the cables were weighted, but were not fully restrained. Forces on the cables were monitored during filling and emptying of the bins. Forces during emptying usually exhibited slip-stick behavior. The greatest forces were during emptying, where forces were often double those during filling, with vertical forces up to 4.7 kN for the largest cable. Both peak and average forces for bin emptying were significantly larger than corresponding forces for bin filling. Results showed no effect of grain type (corn or wheat) while cable size had significant effects on peak and average force in most cases. Keywords: Corn, Design load, Force, Grain bin, Temperature monitoring cable, Wheat.
Resistance response of fifteen sweet potato genotypes to scab disease (Sphaceloma batatas) in two growing sites in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: MAU YOSEP SERAN
Published: June 2019

Mau YS. 2018. Resistance response of fifteen sweet potato genotypes to scab disease (Sphaceloma batatas) in two growing sites in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Trop Drylands 2: 5-11. Field experiments were carried out in two growing locations involving potential sweet potato clones from East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia to: (i) evaluate scab resistance levels of the sweet potato clones, and (ii) identify sweet potato clones with good resistance level to scab disease. The experiment was carried out in the fields employing a Randomized Block Design with a mono-factorial treatment design in each location. The treatment assigned was sweet potato genotype, each consisted of two replicates. The variables observed were disease severity that was assessed at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after inoculation (WAI), which then was used to calculate the Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) of the disease severity. The ANOVA of AUDPC was used to determine the treatment effect, and the disease severity at 8 WAI was used to assess scab resistance level of the sweet potato genotypes tested. The study results showed highly significant differences of disease severities among the tested sweet potato genotypes within each trial location. The majority of the genotypes tested were classified "resistant" or "moderately resistant" to scab disease, except the check clone SLM-01 and KRA-01 that were, respectively, "susceptible" and "moderately susceptible" to scab disease. The majority of sweet potato genotypes evaluated were consistent in their resistance performance in the two trial locations.
Review: Agriculture-industry linkage and technology adoption in Ethiopia: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: SISAY TILAHUN
Published: June 2019

Sisay T. 2018. Review: Agriculture-industry linkage and technology adoption in Ethiopia: Challenges and opportunities. Trop Drylands 2: 18-27. High rate of agricultural growth has far-reaching positive implications for economic development of low-income countries in terms of increasing employment and accelerating poverty reduction. For Ethiopia to achieve middle-income status by 2025 and make substantial inroads against food insecurity, concerted and strategic investment and strategic choices in the agricultural sector are vital. Agricultural linkage encloses generating and transferring agricultural technologies to enhance productivity, reduce loss, and improve the livelihoods of beneficiaries as well as the country’s economy. The objective of this paper was to review the current status of linkage between agriculture-industry actors, extent of technology adoption system, challenges and opportunities in Ethiopia. The result of the review study shows that different factors are constraining the system. Most of the agriculture industry linkage and technologies promoted through the extension system and adoption levels are far below the possible expectation in the country. Agriculture research industries lack effective mechanisms of transferring their technologies to the end users, inadequate technological skilled manpower, poor market linkage between technology multiplication enterprises and technology users, lack of responsible body to transfer technology were the major challenges in Ethiopia. Factors constraining the linkage between stakeholders and technology adoption level of Universities, TEVTs, agriculture Research institutions and agriculture sector are wide ranging from poor linkage between stakeholders and weak involvement of professionals are among the main problems that constraining the system. Weak link between research, education, and extension and the contact of these organizations have with farmers is among the main bottlenecks in agricultural technology development, adoption level. Therefore, strong University and Research-industry linkage is needed in the country.
A MATERIALIZAÇÃO DO CENTRO DE SANTO ESTEVÃO-BA: HISTÓRIA, PROCESSOS E SUAS INFLUÊNCIAS
Authors: Silva Leniara da Conceição
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem como linha principal a análise e discussão sobre os diferentes processos que influenciaram na urbanização do Centro, assim como também a formação da cidade de Santo Estevão-BA. Visto isso, pesquisar ações, transformações e agentes que permeiam a produção do espaço urbano nas pequenas cidades, em especifico da cidade estudada, permitiu observar os processos históricos que envolvem a sua produção, assim como também as mudanças econômicas e sociais que a cidade apresenta. Dessa forma, o estudo foi parte de uma experiência de iniciação cientifica, a qual possibilitou a compreensão da área e a coleta de dados históricos e informações que foram fundamentais para subsidiar a compreensão da estruturação da cidade, tendoem vista que seu surgimento está ligado ao seu Centro. Assim, buscou-se analisar as transformações que influenciaram no espaço do Centro e, consequentemente, no modo de vida da população de Santo Estevão.
Salafismus / salafiyya als historische Reformbewegung und ihr Einfluss auf islamische Strömungen der Gegenwart
Authors: Sander Amrei
Published: June 2019

Initially Salafism/salafiyya was an Islamic reform movement that developed in contrast to the tradition of law schools and to Sufism. It was not only fed by different sources, but its contents were also adopted and appropriated by different Islamic movements of the present. This article intends to sketch the historical development and shed light on the multi-faceted movements that adopted basic contents from the salafiyya.
The Cities of Genesis: Religion, Economics and the Rise of Modernity
Authors: Wagner-Tsukamoto Sigmund
Published: June 2019

The paper argues the thesis that the modern city rises in Genesis and that urban development intertwines (a) with changes to religious concepts from spiritual religion to rational religion, and (b) with changes to economic concepts from behavioural socio-economics to non-behavioural institutional economics. The conclusion arrived at is that the modern city and religious pluralism do manifest themselves, exemplarily so in the final stories of Genesis. Then, ideas on rational religion and institutional economic governance become much more visible. Through textual, narratological analysis, the paper contributes to an institutional economic theory of ancient polity, religious text and of Old Testament-based religion.
When Lovers Recount their Own Stories: Assimilating Text and Image Units in the Prologue of the Roman de la Poire, MS Paris BnF 2186
Authors: Doggett Laine E.
Published: June 2019

The prologue of the Roman de la Poire includes speeches from the God of Love, the Goddess Fortune, the poet/narrator of the work and several protagonists from twelfth-century texts.  MS Paris BnF 2186 includes nine full-page illuminations (very rare in romance) in the prologue that accompany the speeches, forming units of text and image.  This article analyzes the speeches by Cligés, Tristan, and Pyramus with their accompanying illuminations. In the speeches, the lovers narrate their own stories (which they did not in the earlier versions), changing them so as to offer a new and substantially different version of a central episode from their narrative that emphasizes how lovers manage appearances, shape perceptions and respond to various obstacles to love.  Comparisons between the Poire speeches and the twelfth-century texts reveal the divergences and their import for the Poire narrator.  The illuminator’s paintings carefully follow the details in the speeches and, through the power of visual representation, fix in the memory of an observer the lovers’ responses to barriers to love. The images and texts work synergistically and have the potential to encourage any lover, including the romance protagonist, who expresses uncertainty and hesitation throughout the text due to fear of slanderers.  The Poire points out the importance of memory, and the text and image units of the prologue of MS 2186 establish that importance from the first pages a reader encounters.
Vol 11.1-2 Front matter
Authors: O'Sullivan Daniel
Published: June 2019

Front matter
Leveraging research partnerships to achieve the 2030 Agenda: Experiences from North-South cooperation
Authors: Saric Jasmina , Blaettler Dominic , Bonfoh Bassirou , Hostettler Silvia , Jimenez Elizabeth , Kiteme Boniface , Koné Inza , Lys Jon-Andri , Masanja Honorati , Steinger Eveline , Upreti Bishnu Raj , Utzinger Jürg , Winkler Mirko S. , Breu Thomas
Published: June 2019

Creating an interconnected, transnational knowledge society that provides equal opportunities for everyone could prove a powerful way of moving towards sustainable development. Having experienced decades of North-South cooperation, the authors believe that with more transdisciplinary
research and support from funders, governments, the private sector and civil society, research partnerships can help forge a path towards a more balanced production and dissemination of knowledge. The opportunities offered by the digital era can help strengthen the framework and performance
of these partnerships.Transnational research partnerships are considered fundamental for supporting research and creating shared knowledge for sustainable development. They enable the acquisition and global sharing of high-quality information and create shared knowledge and capacity. This
paper aimed to identify the enabling factors of such partnerships. In a survey carried out by the authors of this article, partnerships were perceived most beneficial when they provided access to new key features such as funding, technology and training. Compliance with research partnership
principles, combined with funds and shared interests, was seen to further enhance the longevity of partnerships. Upon consulting the recent peer-reviewed literature, it became clear that research was lacking with regard to optimising the framework and performance of research partnerships,
despite galloping technological progress in other areas of sustainable development. We believe that technological opportunities could be better harnessed to enable the concept of partnership to evolve and move towards transformative research for the advancement of sustainable development.
Kommunalspezifische Nachhaltigkeitssteuerung: Erfahrungen und Empfehlungen
Authors: Kirst Ev , Lang Daniel J. , Heinrichs Harald , Plawitzki Jule
Published: June 2019

Kommunalverwaltungen stehen vor der Herausforderung, Nachhaltigkeit ganzheitlich in Verwaltungsaufbau und -abläufe zu integrieren. Unser Ansatz zur kommunalspezifischen Nachhaltigkeitssteuerung wurde in zwei deutschen Städten entwickelt. Er beschreibt, welche Handlungsoptionen
es gibt und wie Verwaltungen die zu ihrer Gemeinde und Situation passenden auswählen können.Local government plays an important role in operationalizing and implementing the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals. To reach these goals, local administrations,
as key stakeholders, should be promoted. Despite numerous promising attempts and approaches, public administrations still face great challenges in integrating sustainability goals into their actions. In this article, we present an approach for developing a municipality-specific form of sustainability
management. This focuses on 14 key areas and involves a five-step procedure for successful implementation. Based on the results of two case studies in the German cities of Freiburg im Breisgau and Hansestadt Lüneburg, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of this approach in fostering
sustainable municipalities.
Energiewende: So kommen neue Technologien im Alltag an
Authors: Matthies Ellen , Mack Birgit , Kastner Ingo , Tampe-Mai Karolin , Arnold Annika
Published: June 2019

Im Zuge der Energiewende werden neue Technologien entwickelt und Verhaltensweisen vorgeschlagen, mit denen unser alltägliches Handeln nachhaltiger wird. Doch unter welchen Bedingungen lassen sich die Potenziale nutzen? Das Arbeitspaket Verhalten im Wandel von Werten und Lebensstilen
des Kopernikus-Projekts Energiewende-Navigationssystem (ENavi) legt den Fokus auf Verhaltensänderungen in Haushalt und Unternehmen.
Humanökologie und Nachhaltigkeitswissenschaft: Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten, Optionen für Synergien
Authors: Tretter Felix , Simon Karl-Heinz , Glaeser Bernhard
Published: June 2019

Humanökolog(inn)en des deutschsprachigen Raums arbeiten de facto in Projekten der Nachhaltigkeitsforschung und viele Nachhaltigkeitsforscher(innen) schätzen die wissenschaftliche Tradition der Humanökologie und den humanökologischen Diskurs in Mitteleuropa. Obwohl es zwischen den terminologisch abgegrenzten Wissenschaftsfeldern signifikante Unterschiede gibt, überwiegen die Gemeinsamkeiten.
The2030 Agendaas a challenge to life sciences universities
Authors: Gratzer Georg , Muhar Andreas , Winiwarter Verena , Lindenthal Thomas , Radinger-Peer Verena , Melcher Andreas
Published: June 2019

Life sciences universities (LSUs) play a specific role in achieving theSustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A number ofSDGsaddress topics that have been focal points for LSUs throughout their history of research, teaching and societal mission. Furthermore, LSUs traditionally have strong links to stakeholders central to the transformative process, such as the food sector, forestry and renewable energies. However, life sciences universities and the university system will have to undergo transformations if they want to contribute to a profound shift in societies.
Continuity results for parametric nonlinear singular Dirichlet problems
Authors: Bai Yunru , Motreanu Dumitru , Zeng Shengda
Published: June 2019

In this paper we study from a qualitative point of view the nonlinear singular Dirichlet problem depending on a parameterλ> 0 that was considered in [32]. Denoting bySλthe set of positive solutions of the problem corresponding to the parameterλ, we establish the following essential properties ofSλ:

there exists a smallest element$\begin{array}{} u_\lambda^* \end{array}$inSλ, and the mappingλ↦$\begin{array}{} u_\lambda^* \end{array}$is (strictly) increasing and left continuous;

the set-valued mappingλ↦Sλis sequentially continuous.
Comparison results for nonlinear divergence structure elliptic PDE’s
Authors: Liu Yichen , Marras Monica , Porru Giovanni
Published: June 2019

First we prove a comparison result for a nonlinear divergence structure elliptic partial differential equation. Next we find an estimate of the solution of a boundary value problem in a domainΩin terms of the solution of a related symmetric boundary value problem in a ballBhaving the same measure asΩ. For p-Laplace equations, the corresponding result is due to Giorgio Talenti. In a special (radial) case we also prove a reverse comparison result.
Aristotle on the Good of Reproduction
Authors: Gabbe Myrna
Published: June 2019

This paper discusses Aristotle’s theory of reproduction: specifically, the good that he thinks organisms attain by reproducing. The aim of this paper is to refute the widespread theory that Aristotle believes plants and animals reproduce for the sake of attenuated immortality. This interpretive claim plays an important role in supporting one leading interpretation of Aristotle’s teleology: the theory that Aristotelian nature is teleologically oriented with a view solely to what benefits individual organisms, and what benefits the organism is its survival and well–being. This paper challenges the theories that Aristotle takes plants and animals to reproduce for the sake of attenuated immortality, and that he believes survival to be the most basic of goods. It is argued that Aristotle believes reproduction is detrimental to organisms’ health and longevity but nonetheless is central to plant and animal flourishing. It is claimed that, to explain the fundamentality of the reproductive soul function, Aristotle appeals to the eternal and divine.
Promêtheiaas Rational Agency in Plato
Authors: Moore Christopher
Published: June 2019

The Greeks knew a virtue term that represented the ability to determine which norms deserved commitment, a virtue term usually misunderstood as “prediction of likely outcomes” or “being hesitant”:promêtheia. Plato’s uses of this term, almost completely ignored by scholarship, show a sensitivity to the prerequisites for the capacity for rational agency. We must add this virtue term to the usual suspects related to acting as a rational agent:sôphrosunê, dikaiosunê, phrônesis, andsophia.Promêtheiastands out for its importance in times of ignorance of the future.
Die Pest und die Juden - Mythen, Fakten, Topoi
Authors: Bergdolt Klaus
Published: June 2019

This paper explores the relation between the »Black Death« and the persecutions of Jews in the mid-14th century. At first glance, it may come as a surprise that pogroms never took place during an outbreak (as some black legends claim). They were a phenomenon which occurred, typically, before or (seldom) after a plague. When everyone had to reckon with the deadly danger, the charge of well-poisoning, which had a long and fatal tradition, moved to the centre again, accompanied by other incriminations of Jews. Having been of more theoretical (or magic) importance before then, the terrible accusation now seemed to be justified more than ever by the medical theory that poisoned water could cause »miasmata«. The general anxiety, described excellently by Petrarch and other contemporaries, provided an ideal playground for fanatics and zealots who tried to convince people of the validity of such assumptions. It is therefore no wonder that the number of pogroms increased dramatically in 1348/49. They were promoted by the tactics of the emperor who sold his profitable role as a »protector of the Jews« increasingly to the »Imperial Free Cities«. In many towns the Black Death was preceded (or sometimes followed) by anti-Jewish massacres that were instigated by anti-Jewish writings and pamphlets. Only a general crisis of mentality and widespread moral decadence made this possible. The solid financial interests of certain groups of society seem also to have played an important role. Nevertheless, we have to admit that these medieval persecutions have left many questions open - to this day.
Homosexualität, Krankheit und Judentum
Authors: Mildenberger Florian G.
Published: June 2019

Twenty years ago, »homosexuality« was only disputed by Rabbis and their scholars, but today LGBT-people are part of daily Jewish life, even in some orthodox communities. Despite the fact that modern Zionism and the sexual reform movement were founded at almost the same time, the two parties were, for many decades, never in accordance. Apparently neither male nor female »sexual in-betweens« fitted into a modern Zionistic culture or orthodox communities. This changed in 1980s due to HIV/AIDS and the success of sexual reform movements in the Western world. Today, the difference between rich and poor seems to be much more important than the question of hetero- or homosexuality.