bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Program-Based Methods of Public Administration on the Legal Regulation of Financial Control over the Activities of Military Organizations
Authors:   Member of the Equitas Center for Research of the Russian Law Problems, PhD (Law), Trofimov Maxim V.
Published: March 2022

In the article the author characterizes certain problems of legal regulation of financial control that are important for military organizations, which have arisen against the background of changes in legislation in this area, due to the transition of the Russian Federation to program-target budget planning, focused on results.
Türkiye ve PIIGS Ülkelerinde İkiz Açık Hipotezinin Testi: Panel Veri Analizi
Authors: Gediz Oral Burcu , Arpazlı Fazlılar Tuğba
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışma 1986-2018 döneminde Türkiye ve PIIGS (Portekiz, İrlanda, İtalya, Yunanistan, İspanya) ülkelerinde İkiz Açık Hipotezi’nin geçerliliğini test etmektedir. Ülkelere ait 33 yıllık verilerde rasgele dağılım gösteren eksik gözlemler bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışma dengesiz panel veri analizine uygun gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri koşullarına uygun olarak, otokorelasyon ve birim kök testlerinin ardından, kısa ve uzun dönemli katsayıların tahmini için Havuzlanmış Ortalama Grup Tahmincileri (PMGs) kullanılmıştır. Modelde uzun dönemde panel ortalaması için İkiz Açık Hipotezi doğrulanmıştır. Ancak modelin birimlere özgü sonuçlarına bakıldığında İrlanda, İtalya, Yunanistan ve İspanya için uzun dönemli katsayılar anlamlı çıkmıştır. Portekiz ve Türkiye için kısa ya da uzun dönemli anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: İkiz Açık, Türkiye, PIIGS, PMGs
JEL Sınıflandırması:H62, F00, E60, C23
Effect of Multinutrients Loaded Electrospun PVA Nanofibre on Germination and its Growth Parameters of Green Gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
Authors: Mohanraj J. , Subramanian K.S. , Raja K.
Published: March 2022

Background: In the present study, redundant blanket applications of chemical fertilizer application to the soil set foot into the aquatic environment and cause eutrophication. Besides it cause low nutrient efficiencies, low organic matter, imbalanced fertilization and low fertilizer response influence to decrease crop yield. To solve this serious problem localized delivery of multi nutrients loaded with electrospun nanofibre through the seed coating approach. The nanofibre regulates the nutrient release at the targeted site (rhizospheric zone) in a sustained pattern of using e-spin technology. Methods: The electrospun carrier was developed from PVA at 10%, diameter of fibre ranges form (260 nm to 540 nm) was used as nanocarrier for encapsulate the multi nutrient at different concentration of 25, 50, 75, 100%. A field experiment was conducted during 2019-2020, to study the impact of crop response of MNC loaded nanofibre coated green gram seed. Result: It conclude that the novel nanofibre technology improve the higher plant height (47.38 cm) at maturity stage, total leaf area (1093.95), net assimilation rate (2.92 mg cm-2 day-1) at flowering stage, seed yield (883.41 kg ha-1) as compared to absolute control approaches. This nanofibre technology will give novel idea for the fertilizer industry owing to its unique larger surface area and controlled release kinetics.
C Kümesi Kişilik Bozukluklarında Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapinin Etkililiği
Authors: ERGİN Elif , YALÇINKAYA ALKAR Özden
Published: March 2022

Bireylerin hayatlarını birçok açıdan etkilediği bilinen ve işlevsellikte bozulmalara neden olan kişilik bozukluklarının özelliklerinin iyi bilinmesi ve tedavi yolları hakkında bilgi sahibi olunması önemlidir. Bu yazıda C kümesi kişilik bozukları olarak kategorilendirilen çekingen, bağımlı ve obsesif kompulsif kişilik bozukluğu ile bu bozukluklarda bilişsel davranışçı terapi’nin (BDT) etkililiği hakkında yapılan çalışmaların incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. İlk olarak kişilik bozukluklarının tanımlanması ve DSM’deki sınıflandırmanın yıllara göre değişimi açıklanmıştır. Daha sonra çalışma için C kümesi bozukluklarının ve BDT’nin seçilme nedenine değinilip C kümesi bozukluklarının ortak özellikleri gözden geçirilmiştir. Devamında bu üç bozukluk ayrı ayrı ele alınmıştır. Bozukluklar hem tanı kriterleri ve genel özellikleri hem de BDT ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalar çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Son olarak yazının tartışma ve sonuç kısmında ise tarama sonucunda elde edilen bulgulardan bahsedilmiş ve alanyazındaki eksikliklerin giderilmesi, ayrıca yeni bakış açıları kazanılması için yapılabilecekler tartışılmıştır.
Pengaruh Transparansi Laporan Keuangan, Akuntabilitas, dan Responsibilitas Pemerintah Desa terhadap Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pembangunan Desa di Bandung Tulungagung
Authors: Suyono Dwi Wulan Fitriani
Published: March 2022

Abstrak : Fokus penelitian yaitu bertujuan mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh transparansi laporan keuangan, akuntabilitas, dan responsibilitas pemerintah desa terhadap keikutsertaan masyarakat dalam pembangunan desa di Bandung Tulungagung. Adapun pendekatan yang dipakai peneliti yaitu kuantitatif. Data menggunakan jenis primer dengan penyebaran angket kepada masyarakat desa Bandung Tulungagung serta mengacu pada Skala Likert. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling dan diperoleh dari perhitungan rumus Slovin sehingga memperoleh 97 responden. Perolehan data dianalisis dengan memakai SPSS 16.0  dan menguji output dari uji kevalidan, uji reliabel, uji kenormalan data, uji multikoliniearitas, uji autokorelasi, uji heteroskedasitas, uji regresi linier berganda, uji t parsial, uji F simultan, koefisien determinasi (R2). Perolehan uji SPSS 16.0 dan analisis yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa transparansi laporan keuangan, akuntabilitas, dan responsibilitas pemerintah desa secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembangunan desa.
HARMONIZATION OF COMMERCIAL TRANSACTION LAW IN THE ASEAN REGION: THE IMPORTANCE, POSSIBILITIES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Lingkanaya Jovanka
Published: March 2022

The Southeast Asian region is viewed as a united block that is ASEAN. The ASEAN roots from a diverse economic system, culture, ethnic, technical, and educational system. In the modern-day globalization, economic globalization continues to develop as well. This economic globalization pushes the importance of having an integrated commercial transaction law of the ASEAN member states. The idea of integration that stems from a rapidly growing economic globalization results in an unavoidable demand for harmonization of commercial transaction law within the ASEAN region. As a united region that is the ASEAN, having different regulations to govern matters of cross border commercial transactions inter-ASEAN would hinder the effectiveness of each country’s law itself. Yet, the importance of having a harmonized commercial transaction law within the ASEAN region is still questioned. This paper will analyze on the importance of having a harmonized commercial law among the ASEAN member states, the possibility and challenges of developing such a harmonization and if possible, how the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) is planning to develop a form of harmonization in its commercial transaction law.
STUDI PERBANDINGAN IMPLEMENTASI PERLINDUNGAN HAK ATAS PENDIDIKAN BAGI PEREMPUAN DI INDONESIA DAN TURKI [A Comparison Study of the Implementation of Women’s Right to Education between Indonesia and Turkey]
Authors: Hugeng Andi , Erliyana Anna
Published: March 2022

The 2018 International Student Assessment data puts Indonesia at 72nd and Turkey at 40th in the world, but that’s not all, the Times Higher Education World University Rankings Research puts 49 universities in Turkey on the list of the best university in the world, while Indonesia has left behind with only 9 campuses. In 2020, the literacy rate in Indonesia is 98.28% while Turkey is at 99.07%. However, how exactly is the fulfillment of the right to education for women in both countries? This article aims to explore the education system, budget allocation and education delivery based on the principle of equality. The results of the study show that although the law has guaranteed equal access to education, there is still discrimination in access to education for women in Indonesia, especially for coastal women and pregnant women. This study uses a qualitative method with a deductive approach, while the benefits of this article are to provide an overview of the education system and the fulfillment of education rights for women in both countries that can be used as lessons to build a better education system based on the principle of equality.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Data Internasional Student Assessment tahun 2018 menempatkan Indonesia di peringkat 72 dan Turki di peringkat 40 dunia, tak hanya itu, Penelitian Times Higher Education World University Rankings menempatkan 49 Universitas di Turki masuk dalam daftar kampus terbaik didunia, sedangkan Indonesia jauh tertinggal dengan hanya 9 kampus. Tahun 2020, angka melek huruf di Indonesia adalah 98,28% sedangkan Turki berada di angka 99,07%. Namun, bagaimana sebenarnya pemenuhan hak atas pendidikan bagi perempuan dikedua negara? Artikel ini hendak mengupas sistem pendidikan, alokasi anggaran dan penyelenggaran pendidikan yang berdasarkan pada prinsip kesetaraan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan meskipun Undang-undang sudah menjamin kesetaraan akses atas pendidikan namun masih terdapat diskriminasi akses pendidikan bagi perempuan di Indonesia, khususnya bagi perempuan pesisir dan perempuan hamil. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kualitatif dengan pendekatan deduktif, adapun manfaat artikel ini untuk memberikan gambaran sistem pendidikan dan pemenuhan hak pendidikan bagi perempuan di kedua negara yang dapat dijadikan pelajaran untuk membangun sistem pendidikan yang lebih baik berlandaskan pada prinsip kesetaraan.
Career Strategies for Higher Education Teachers
Authors: Efimova Galina
Published: March 2022

The article analyses autobiographical essays on key career stages and typical career paths written by Russian university teachers. Motives and attitudes influencing their decisions whether to continue or finish their careers are identified. The article studies career strategies and motivation of academic and teaching staff to be involved in the academic labour market.
Based on these results, three key career tracks are formed: 1) intracorporate (classical inbreeding) – university graduates are employed in the same university they graduated from; 2) intraprofessional – university graduates choose to work in the academic field outside their alma mater; 3) mixed (intercorporate) – university graduates may leave the academic field immediately after graduation or sometime later, but then return to the field of higher education as members of academic and teaching staff. The study of the autobiographical essays of academic and teaching staff in higher education has shown that there are eight stages of academic career related to: obtaining higher education, having work experience and subsequent employment, obtaining a Candidate of Sciences Degree or second higher education, career changes after defending a post-graduate thesis, obtaining a PhD and subsequent career changes and becoming a corresponding member or an academician at the state academy of sciences. These stages create a fork in the road (potential opportunity) for academic and teaching staff to follow or to change their career paths. The study was conducted using the method of semi-formalised expert interview with 86 members of academic and teaching staff from five Russian universities – Tyumen State University, Tomsk State University, St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI).
Сonvulsive syndrome. Part 2
Authors:   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Moskaleva P.V. , Shnayder N.A. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Petrova M.M. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Nasyrova R.F. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University
Published: March 2022

Th e convulsive syndrome is an urgent and potentially life-threatening condition in neurological, pediatric and general medical practice. Over the past decade, there has been a reconsideration of the definition of epilepsy and epileptic syndromes, including the convulsive syndrome. Additionally, the arsenal of pharmaceuticals for the relief of seizures in children and adults has expanded. In this connection, this lecture was created in two parts: this second part will consider treatment of convulsive syndrome at the pre-hospital and the hospital stages. Th e lecture is intended for neurologists, pediatricians, general practitioners, emergency doctors, anesthesiologists. In the system of continuing medical education, convulsive syndrome is considered within the framework of the postgraduate training program for doctors of these specialties.
Factors predisposing to carotid atherosclerosis progression in patients with arterial hypertension
Authors:   Novokuznetsk State Institute for Further Training of Physicians, Morozova N.I. , Mulerova T.A. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Tsygankova D.P. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Indukaeva E.V. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bazdyrev E.D. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Nahratova O.V. ,   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ogarkov M.Yu. ,   Novokuznetsk State Institute for Further Training of Physicians
Published: March 2022

The aim of the research. To study clinical and genetic factors predisposing to progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis among the Shor people based on a 5-year dynamic follow-up of hypertensive patients. Material and methods. A prospective clinical and epidemiological study of the indigenous population of the Mountain Shoria was carried out including patients with arterial hypertension (367 subjects). The dynamics of the intima-media complex thickness and atherosclerotic plaque thickness was assessed 5 years later by repeat ultrasound examination of carotid arteries. Polymorphisms of ACE (I/D, rs 4340), AGT (c.803T>C, rs699), AGTR1 (A1166C, rs5186), ADRB1 (c.145A>G, Ser49Gly, rs1801252), ADRA2B (I/D, rs28365031), MTHFR (C677T, rs1801133) and eNOS (VNTR 4b/4a) genes were tested using polymerase chain reaction. Results. The 5-year observation of the indigenous population of the Mountain Shoria has shown that such factors as the age (p=0.011) and the course of arterial hypertension (3rd-degree AH, duration of the disease for over 10 years, failure to achieve the target level of arterial pressure during treatment) play a significant role in the frequent unfavourable dynamics of the intima-media complex thickness. Th e study has also established association between the development of the atherosclerotic process in carotid arteries and smoking (OR=1.52), abdominal obesity (OR=2.87) and impaired glucose tolerance (OR=2.94). The increased level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol also determines the negative dynamics as manifested by the growth of the atherosclerotic plaque in brachiocephalic arteries (OR=1.93). A high risk of atherosclerosis in the Shor cohort is associated with carriership of the prognostically unfavourable D alleles of the ACE gene (OR=8.29), C of the AGTR1 gene (OR=7.04) and T of the MTHFR gene (OR=3.25). Conclusion. The 5-year prospective observation of the small indigenous population of the Shors has revealed certain clinical and genetic factors for patients with arterial hypertension that are associated with the carotid artery atherosclerosis. The polymorphism of certain candidate genes is an important strategic biomarker that can be used in the future for early diagnostics of diseases associated with atherosclerosis.
Takayasu’s arteritis: a relevant problem in modern rheumatology (a literature review)
Authors:   Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogareva, Suvanov B.S. , Shalin V.V. ,   Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogareva, Viryasova A.A. ,   Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogareva, Terichev A.E. ,   Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogareva, Viryasov D.V. ,   Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogareva, Babushkin I.O. ,   Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogareva, Ufaeva T.V. ,   Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogareva, Tyurina O.A. ,   Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogareva
Published: March 2022

Takayasu’s arteritis is a rare chronic large-vessel vasculitis that predominantly affects the aorta, its major branches and pulmonary arteries. The exact occurrence rate of this pathology is unknown. However, it has been found that the disease is registered in 2.6 people per 1 million of the population in Russia, more oft en in young females. As with all rheumatic diseases, the issues of pathogenesis and therapy of non-specific aortoarteritis remain open. The complexity of pathogenetic reactions appears to be a problem for early diagnosis and selection of the correct therapy. Th is review covers the issues of pathogenesis and modern pharmacotherapy: tumor necrosis factors, pharmacotherapy and genetically engineered drugs. The review was written based on analysis of scientific literature. The eLIBRARY.RU, Cyberleninka, Pub Med, Cochrane Library databases were searched for materials published within the period of 2002-2021 with an emphasis on the past 5-10 years for the following keywords: Takayasu arteries, nonspecific aortroartery, systemic vasculitis, rheumatological diseases
Severity of Acne and Use of Cosmetics in Adult Men
Authors: Kwon Ji-Yeon , Lee Myung-Sun
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to collect basic data to educate adult men about the importance of skincare and to direct product research and development by identifying the use patterns of acne-only cosmetics in adult men based on the severity of their acne.Method: A nationwide online survey of 300 adult men in their 20s to 40s with acne-prone skin was conducted. The questionnaire had 36 questions in total, and questions related to acne occurrence and recognition level were evaluated using photos representing grades 1 to 6 of the Korean acne severity system listed in the Skin Science Journal, and data analysis was performed using the statistical package SPSS/WIN 23.0.Results: The longer the acne progression period, the higher the acne level. The skincare regimen involved acne-only cosmetics although studies have shown that the effectiveness of cosmetics is inadequate. Furthermore, in the acne group with low acne level, participants did not use dedicated cosmetics or take care of their skin because the cost was prohibitive and the problem was likely to worsen.Conclusion: This study provided insights on adult men's perceptions of acne-prone skin care and use of acne-only cosmetics based on the severity of acne. Further research by experts is required to confirm these findings.
Potential Antioxidant and Antiphotoaging Effects of Fagopyrum esculentum Honey on Human Dermal Fibroblasts
Authors: Kim Hye-Bin , An Sungkwan , Bae Seunghee
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The present study investigated the potential use of Fagopyrum esculentum (F. esculentum) honey as a functional skin cosmetic by examining its antioxidant and antiaging effects on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs).Methods: Total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of F. esculentum honey were analyzed. HDF cell viability was examined after treatment with F. esculentum honey and expression of genes encoding collagen and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis.Results: Analysis of antioxidant activity showed that total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, and DPPH radical scavenging activity of F. esculentum honey increased in a dose-dependent manner. qRT-PCR analysis revealed an increase in mRNA expression of the collagen-producing genes, collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1) and collagen type III alpha 1 chain (COL3A1), whereas MMP1 and MMP3 expression decreased in HDFs treated with F. esculentum honey. Furthermore, F. esculentum honey protected HDFs from ultraviolet (UV) irradiation-induced cytotoxicity and reduced reactive oxygen species production. Expression of COL1A1 and COL3A1, which was reduced by UV irradiation, was restored in a dose-dependent manner, whereas expression of MMP1 and MMP3, which was increased by UV irradiation, was reduced in a dose-dependent manner in HDFs pretreated with F. esculentum honey.Conclusion: These findings indicate that F. esculentum honey is a natural antioxidant that is enriched in phenols and flavonoids and has the potential to act as an antiaging cosmetic ingredient due to its protective effects on UV irradiation-damaged skin cells.
PENGARUH INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS DAN RETURN SAHAM SYARIAH (STUDI KASUS JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX PERIODE 2013-2018)
Authors: Adhama Gabriella Jodie , Mawardi Imron
Published: March 2022

Intellectual capital is the creation of company value added represented by employees with all the potential and capabilites they have. This study aims to analyze the effect of Intellectual Capital, profitability as an intervening variable on Islamic stock returns on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII). Sampling of 14 issuers was carried out using purposive sampling technique. The method used is path analysis with a maximum likelihood model. Intellectual capital has a positive effect on ROA, ROA has no significant effect on returns, Intellectual Capital has a significant positive effect on returns directly, Intellectual Capital indirectly has insignificant effect on returns for the 2013-2018 period. Based on these results, the issuer company can disclose reports related to intellectual capital from the company. Research on intellectual capital using intervening variables in Indonesia still tends to be limited, besides that the writer also uses path analysis with the maximum likelihood model. In this study robustness tests were also conducted to test the resilience of the variables used.Keywords: intellectual capital, ROA, return, JII, path analysis
Discussion and Optimization of Teaching Practice of Chemistry of Chinese Materia Medica Based on Student-Centered and Big Health Industry
Authors: Sun Jianbo
Published: March 2022

Chemistry of Chinese Materia Medica (CCMM) is a discipline that uses the basics of chemistry and other related disciplines to study the effective substances of traditional Chinese medicine. With the advancement of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine, the scientific research platform of CCMM have been significantly improved. Thus, the progress of the traditional Chinese medicine industry, especially the rise of the health industry has been promoted. With the help of resources such as MOOCs and micro-classes, the teaching method of CCMM is realized by flipped classrooms, which truly breaks the boundaries between in and out of class, online and offline, making “The study of CCMM” everywhere. This teaching mode can effectively enhance students’ interest, increase effective learning time, and greatly improve teaching efficiency and effects.
Catholic Feminist Ethics and Its Localization Prospect in the East-Asia Region (Take China as an Example)
Authors: Yan Ruixi
Published: March 2022

With the unceasing liberation of people’s ideology, the promotion of women’s rights has been raised to unprecedented importance in today’s society. Therefore, more and more theologists have started to re-examine the conventional Catholic doctrines through a critical lens, especially under the framework of moral philosophy. The author aims to explore two main conceptions deep-rooted in Catholic traditions or sacred books that are considered to convey gender inequality, for one decrees the inferior of the gender female to the gender male while the other emphasizes women’s obedience to men’s instructions. In addition, the author analyzes the origin of such conceptions, the dualistic theory, and how renowned Catholic feminists such as Margret Farley and Lisa Cahill managed to develop new comprehension towards Catholicism based on Catholic feminist ethics. While the modern spiritual movements are predominantly derived from Western experience, the application of theological innovations in the East-Asia region still depends on different, complex religious realities. In this article, the author takes China as an example and investigates how secularization may encourage the practice of Catholic feminist reformations in China.
Calculation of the Pressure Field for Turbulent Flow Around a Surface Mounted Cube Using the SIMPLE Algorithm and PIV Data
Authors: Pallas Nikolaos-Petros , Bouris Demetri
Published: March 2022

Calculation of the pressure field on and around solid bodies exposed to external flow is of paramount importance to a number of engineering applications. However, conventional pressure measurement techniques are inherently linked to problems principally caused by their point-wise and/or intrusive nature. In the present paper, we attempt to calculate the time-averaged two-dimensional pressure field by integrating PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) velocity measurements into a CFD code and modifying them by the respective correction step of the SIMPLE algorithm. Boundary conditions are applied from the PIV data as a three-layer area of constant velocities, adjacent to the boundaries. A novel characteristic of the approach is the straightforward inclusion of the Reynolds Stresses into the source terms of the momentum equations, calculated directly from the PIV statistics. The methodology is applied to three regions of the symmetry plane parallel to the main boundary layer flow past a surface mounted cube. In spite of findings of deviations from the planar 2D flow assumption, the derived pressure fields and the adjusted velocity fields are found to be reliable, while the intrinsic turbulent nature of the flow is considered without modelling of the Reynolds stresses.
Financial Analysis of Coconut Sugar Production: A Case Study in Mempawah Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Ekawati Ekawati , Rizieq Rahmatullah , Ellyta Ellyta
Published: March 2022

Coconut is one of the key plantation commodities in the Mempawah Regency that needs to be developed. This is necessary in order to increase the income of coconut sugar craftsmen and also allow them gain knowledge of the industrial scale through feasibility studies on the agro-industry. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the structure of production cost and operating income as well as the feasibility of the coconut sugar agro-industry. This analysis is important for craftsmen in the regency that engage in the continuous production of coconut sugar. Furthermore, this study was conducted in Mempawah Regency with 34 coconut farmers. The analysis of the R/C ratio and Break-Even Point (BEP) was used to determine the indicator of financial feasibility. The result revealed that the average production cost needed by the agro-industry was 7,659,868 IDR month-1 and the generated income was 3,483,132 IDR month-1. Additionally, the coconut sugar agro-industry was financially feasible as the obtained R/C ratio was 1.45. The BEP of production volume and Cost of Good Solds (COGS) was 346 kg and 9,814.92 IDR which is less than the actual production volume and price. It was suggested that craftsmen of coconut sugar produce more than 346 kg of sugar per month with a selling price above 9,814.92 IDR kg-1 in order to obtain profit.
Lady Macbeth’s Desire and Body
Authors: Dou Junge
Published: March 2022

One of the greatest tragedies in the universe, Macbeth exploring the desire, usurpation, fear, and death of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, is Shakespeare’s most compelling study of the nature of evil. In a sense, it is a narrative of desire, both of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, and their desire is dynamic to push the plot forward and to destroy their humanity and integrity. Significantly, Lady Macbeth, who has undergone a fundamental process of physical transformation and mental madness, has a key role to play in the completion of this tragedy. Lady Macbeth presents her narrative of a woman, a wife, a queen, a potential mother, and both a powerful and a fragile female through her marked, and narrative body, which is involved in varied kinds of events and practices, becoming one of the central figures of Macbeth.
Peran Karang Taruna Dalam Pembangunan Desa Pandanrejo Kecamatan Bumiaji Kota Batu
Authors: Prima Yohana , Sari Yuli Ifana , Putra Dwi Fauzia
Published: March 2022

Keberadaan organisasi karang taruna pada dasarnya untuk mengubah generasi muda agar lebih baik dalam meneruskan pembangunan, namun permasalahan dalam organisasi karang taruna GEMPAR yaitu kurangnya kesadaran pemuda tehadap organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Arah pembangunan Desa Pandanrejo, (2) Peran karang taruna GEMPAR dalam pembangunan Desa Pandanrejo, (3) Faktor pendukung dan penghambat karang taruna GEMPAR. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan observasi yaitu menanyakan visi misi dan program kerja karang taruna. sedangkan wawancara, peneliti melakukan wawancara dengan 13 informan, dan dokumentasi yang dikumpul yaitu foto, file dan rekaman. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian kualitatif yaitu pengumpulan data hasil dari observasi dan wawancara, reduksi data mengelompokan jawaban yang sama dari setiap narasumber, penyajian data dalam bentuk tabel analisis dan penarikan kesimpulan.  Hasil penelitian menemukan beberapa temuan sesuai dengan fokus penelitian yaitu arah pembangunan desa Pandanrejo yaitu pengembangan pada sektor pariwisata, pengembangan infrastruktur baik pariwisata mau pun pertanian. Peran karang taruna GEMPAR dalam pembangunan desa Pandanrejo lebih kepada pembangunan non fisik seperti melakukan gotong royong bersama, sedangkan faktor penghambat karang taruna dalam pembangunan desa Pandanrejo yaitu keterbatasan waktu dan kesadaran pemuda yang kurang maksimal dalam ikut berorganisasi.
Komparasi Algoritma Spectral Angle Mapper dan Algoritma Spectral Information Divergence untuk Pemetaan Penutup Lahan pada Citra Pansharped
Authors: Azmi Naufal , Himayah Shafira , Somantri Lili , Ridwana Riki
Published: March 2022

Kota Bandung memiliki luas wilayah 16.731 hektar dan senantiasa berkembang dari tahun ke tahun termasuk dalam hal perubahan penutup lahan. Penelitian ini membandingan algoritma Spectral Angle Mapper dan Spectral Information Divergence untuk pemetaan penutup lahan di Kota Bandung menggunakan citra SPOT 7 PMS ORT tahun 2019. Pengolahan data citra dimulai dengan koreksi geometrik, koreksi radiometrik, pemotongan area kajian, dan pengambilan training area. Proses selanjutnya adalah klasifikasi citra masing-masing algoritma yang kemudian dibuat peta penutup lahan, validasi data, dan uji keakuratan. Hasil klasifikasi citra mengklasifikasikan 11 kelas penutup lahan, yaitu bangunan industri, bangunan permukiman, hutan kota, hutan lahan rendah, hutan lahan tinggi, jaringan jalan, kebun campuran, ladang, lahan terbuka, sawah, dan sungai. Algoritma SAM memperoleh luasan terbesar pada kelas penutup lahan bangunan permukiman seluas 7.551,37 hektar (45,20%) dan luasan terkecil pada kelas penutup lahan hutan lahan rendah seluas 349,24 hektar (2,09%). Lalu algoritma SID memperoleh luasan terbesar pada kelas penutup lahan bangunan permukiman seluas 4.837,70 hektar (23,37%) dan luasan terkecil pada kelas penutup lahan sawah seluas 287,53 hektar (1,72%). Nilaii uji akurasi keseluruhan agoritma SAM sebesar 90% lebih teliti 4% dibandingkan nilai uji akurasi keseluruhan algoritma SID sebesar 86%.
Analisis Metode Hisab Kontemporer terhadap Jam Istiwa’
Authors: Majid Amirudin Abdul , Junaidi Ahmad
Published: March 2022

In determining the beginning of prayer times in this modern era, there are several very practical and efficient ways, such as the Contemporary Hisab method in which there are various theories such as the Nutical Almanac theory and the Ephemeris theory, both of which are used by the government as a reference in determining early prayer time. In contrast to the Fathul Ulum Islamic boarding school, one of the Islamic boarding schools in Kediri which still adheres to the Istiwa Hour in determining the start of prayer times, which in the calculation results have a difference of about 5, 15, 30 to 45 minutes with the prayer time schedule used by the community. government. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences, calculation processes and contemporary Hisab analysis on the use of special hours in determining the beginning of prayer times. This research is a field research using qualitative analysis methods. From this study it was concluded that the difference in time between Contemporary Hisab and Istiwa' Clock in determining the beginning of prayer timeThe difference between the prayer times is about 5-45 minutes. The difference is due to the different time rules, ikhtiyat, and calculation methods. Based on the results of the contemporary reckoning analysis, the use of this special clock is still very relevant, because this special clock includes tahqiqi reckoning, in which the tahqiqi reckoning and contemporary reckoning are both used. spherical triangle formula.

Penentuan awal waktu salat di era moderen seperti ini terdapat beberapa cara yang sangat praktis dan efesien seperti halnya metode Hisab Kontemporer yang mana didalam nya terdapat berbagai teori-teori seperti teori Nutical Almanac dan teori Ephemeris yang kedua teori tersebut digunakan oleh pemeritah sebagai acuan dalam menentukan awal waktu salat. Berbeda dengan pondok pesantren Fathul Ulum salah satu pondok pesantren di Kediri yang mana masih berpegang teguh terhadap Jam Istiwa’ dalam menentukan awal waktu salat, yang mana didalam hasil perhitungannya memiliki selisih sekitar 5, 15, 30 sampai 45 menit dengan jadwal waktu salat yang digunakan oleh pemerintah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan, proses perhitungan dan analisis Hisab kontemporer terhadap penggunaan jam istiwa’ dalam menentukan awal waktu salat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan menggunkan metode analisis kualitatif. Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan selisih waktu antara Hisab Kontemporer dengan Jam Istiwa’ dalam menetukan awal waktu salat adalah selisih jadwal waktu salatnya sekitar 5-45 menit. Perbedaan itu disebabkan karena kaidah waktu yang digunakan, ikhtiyat, dan metode perhitunganya berbeda dan Berdasarkan hasil analisis hisab kontemporer penggunaan jam istiwa’ ini masih sangat relevan, karena jam istiwa’ ini termasuk hisab tahqiqi yang mana hisab tahqiqi dengan hisab kontemporer itu sama-sama menggunkan rumus segitiga bola.
Speckle Tracking Derived Contractile Reserve and Microvascular Functions in Ischaemia with No Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease – A Pilot Study.
Authors: Ooi Eng Lee , Rajendran Sharmalar , Chapman Matthew , Munawar Dian Andina , Pati Purendra , Tavella Rosanna , Beltrame John , Arstall Margaret , Mahadavan Gnanadevan
Published: March 2022

BackgroundMicrovascular angina (MVA) is increasingly recognized as an endotype of ischaemia with no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA), but assessment remains difficult while validated diagnostic investigation is invasive. This pilot study assessed the correlation between left ventricular contractile reserve (CR), measured via speckle-tracking imaging on low dose dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) and the invasive coronary microvascular function in patients with INOCA.MethodsForty-two patients with INOCA and abnormal coronary vasomotor dysfunction were prospectively screened at a single tertiary centre covering the Northern metropolitan area of South Australia, from February 2018 to December 2020 (ACTRN12618000149268). Forty patients were invited into to the DSE study after coronary angiography demonstrated NOCAD and abnormal coronary epicardial and microvascular function (n = 40).Results: Of the 40 participants undergoing DSE study, 30 were suitable to be included in the final analysis. Average age of 54.8 ± 10.8 years old and more female (76.2%) than male recruited. 92.1% of patients were of Caucasian ethnicity. 65.8% were considered obese. The study cohort demonstrating a degree of angina burden, with 73.7% experiencing > once angina in a week. Weak positive association between CR with hyperaemic microvascular resistance (HMR); at 5mcg/kg/min, CR(absolute) (r=0.427, p-value=0.019); between 5 and 10 mcg/kg/min, CR(absolute) (r = 0.481, p-value = 0.007). The relationship between CR and HMR showed a trend of increase in CR at a DSE of 5mcg/kg/min, but a blunted response at the higher doses of 10 and 20mcg/kg/min (p=0.400). Weak positive association between CR with coronary flow reserve (CFR); at 5mcg/kg/min, CR(absolute) (r = 0.442, p-value = 0.015). The relationship between CR and CFR showed a trend of increase in CR at a DSE of 5mcg/kg/min, but a blunted response at the higher doses of 10 and 20mcg/kg/min (p=0.393).Conclusion:This pilot study has provided the possible utility of speckle tracking technique in assessment of INOCA with a MVA endotype.
Electrolytic-plasma modification for the surface hardening of a low-carbon Structural steel for Friction and wear-resistant applications.
Authors: Ogwu A.A , Kombayev K.K. , Kassenova A.B. , Sypainov G.S
Published: March 2022

An alternative technology of surface hardening by the electrolytic-plasma modification (EPM) of a low-carbon alloy steel has been developed. The processing of 20KH (207) alloy steel samples to achieve surface hardening was conducted using electrolytic-plasma surface modification in a Na2CO3 solution electrolyte. The optimal processing modes of the electrolyte-plasma modification treatment was determined experimentally using voltage and applied current measurements. The quenching of the steel was performed in the electrolyte stream. The plasma was ionized after excitation. A mathematical model using thermal conductivity equations and regression analysis relating the key parameters of the hardening process was also carried out. Our experimental and mathematical model results both confirmed that the EPM processing clearly leads to a significant reduction in the time for hardening relative to other traditional hardening methods for steels. We observed that electrolyte-plasma modification (EPM) processing promotes the transformation of coarse-grained pearlite-ferrite microstructure into quenched martensite in 20KH (207) alloy steel samples using inverted light optical microscopy. Our Vickers micro-hardness indentation measurements showed an increase in hardness relative to the initial state of the steel samples after electrolyte-plasma surface treatment. The major advantage of the method of electrolytic-plasma treatment includes a low energy consumption at high quenching rates and the possibility of a local surface treatment. They also provide an overall cost reduction in the surface treatment of steels for various industrial applications.
Peripheral sympathectomy alters neuroinflammatory responses and microglial activity in response to sleep fragmentation in female mice
Authors: Mishra Ila , Pullum Keelee B. , Eads Kristen N. , Strunjas Anna R. , Ashley Noah T.
Published: March 2022

Sleep loss, either induced by obstructive sleep apnea or other forms of sleep dysfunction, induces an inflammatory response, as commonly measured by increased circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Increased catecholamines from sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation regulates this peripheral inflammation. However, the role that catecholamines play in mediating neuroinflammation from sleep perturbations is undescribed. The aims of this study were to determine (i) the effect of peripheral SNS inhibition upon neuroinflammatory responses to sleep fragmentation (SF) and (ii) whether homeostasis can be restored after 1 week of recovery sleep. We measured gene expression levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and microglial activity in brain (prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus) of female mice that were subjected to acute SF for 24 hours, chronic SF for 8 weeks, or 7 days of recovery after chronic SF. In each experiment, SF and control mice were peripherally sympathectomized with 6-OHDA (6-hydroxydopamine) or injected with vehicle. SF elevated cytokine mRNA expression in brain and increased microglial density and cell area in some regions. In addition, chronic SF promoted hyper-ramification in resting microglia upon exposure to chronic, but not acute, SF. Effects of chronic SF were more pronounced than acute SF, and 1 week of recovery was not sufficient to alleviate neuroinflammation. Importantly, 6-OHDA treatment significantly alleviated SF-induced inflammation and microglial responses. This study provides evidence of SNS regulation of neural inflammation from SF, suggesting a potential role for therapeutics that could mitigate neuroinflammatory responses to sleep dysfunction.
Post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and care responses among mothers of preterm infants at one month of corrected age after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Wang Qihui , Gao Wenying , Ding Wenwen , Zhang Ying
Published: March 2022

Background: Preterm birth is a worldwide problem that can cause changes in emotions of mothers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms on maternal care responses to preterm infants, and whether there is a mediation effect of maternal distress between preterm clinical status and maternal care responses. Methods: This hospital-based longitudinal cohort study included 256 mother-preterm infants who came to the outpatient clinic for a follow-up check after being discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit at one month of corrected age. Mothers completed the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Questionnaire, the Self-rating Anxiety Scale, and four sub-scales of care responses. Results: Significant post-traumatic stress disorder and anxiety were observed in 29.7% and 15.6%, respectively, of mothers at one month of corrected age and at about 10.83 weeks postpartum. Path analysis results showed that the final model could be fitted well with sample data(c2=33.098, DF =20, P=0.033, CFI=0.992, NFI=0.981, RMSEA=0.051, SRMR= 0.029). Path analysis showed that care responses were directly and indirectly affected by preterm infants’ clinical status, maternal post-traumatic stress disorder, and anxiety. Gestational age significantly influenced maternal care responses. Conclusion: This study identified maternal anxiety and PTSD symptoms may significant effects on maternal care responses to preterm infants at one month of corrected age. To promote the development of preterm infants after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit, multiple disciplinary interventions should be developed to improve maternal care responses.
Opposite trends of sea-breeze speeds and gusts in Eastern Spain, 1961-2019
Authors: Bedoya-Valestt Shalenys , Azorin-Molina Cesar , Gimeno Luis , Guijarro Jose A. , Sanchez-Morcillo Victor J. , Aguilar Enric , Brunet Manola
Published: March 2022

Most studies on wind variability have deepen into the stilling vs. reversal phenomena at global to regional scales, while the long-term changes in local-scale winds such as sea-breezes (SB) represent a gap of knowledge in climate research. The state-of-the-art of the wind variability studies suggests a hypothetical reinforcement of SB at coastal stations. We first developed a robust automated method for the identification of SB days. Then, by using homogenized wind observations from 16 stations across Eastern Spain, we identified 9,312 episodes for analyzing the multidecadal variability and trends in SB speeds, gusts and occurrence for 1961-2019. The major finding is the opposite trends and decoupled variability of SB speeds and gusts: the SB speeds declined significantly in all seasons (except for winter), and the SB gusts strengthened at the annual scale and in autumn-winter, being most significant in autumn. Our results also show that the SB occurrence has increased across most of Eastern Spain, although presenting contrasting seasonal trends: positive in winter and negative in summer. We found that more frequent anticyclonic conditions, NAOI+ and MOI+ are positively linked to the increased winter occurrence; however, the causes behind the opposite trends in SB speeds and gusts remain unclear. The SB changes are complex to explain, involving both large-scale circulation and physical-local factors that challenge the understanding of the opposite trends. Further investigation is needed to assess whether these trends are a widespread phenomenon, while climate models could simulate the drivers behind these decoupled SB changes in a warmer climate.
Molecular Basis of Mutual Benefits Between Cucurbit Chlorotic Yellows Virus (CCYV) Transmission and Imidacloprid Resistance in Bemisia Tabaci”
Authors: Yan Minghui , He Haifang , Zhang Zelong , Zhang Beibei , Zhu Chaoqiang , Yan Weili , Zhao Chenchen , Li Jingjing , Yan Fengming
Published: March 2022

Increased insecticide resistance among insect vectors and arboviruses results in significant economic losses to agricultural production and poses a continuous threat to human health. To date, many studies have been conducted on how virus-infected host plants indirectly and plant virus directly change the physiological characteristics of insect vectors. However, the relationship between the insecticide resistance of the insect vector and the virulence of the viral pathogen has not received sufficient attention. Here, we investigated the effect of Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV), a plant virus transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in a semi-persistent manner, on the tolerance of B. tabaci to the neonicotinoid imidacloprid. We found CCYV enhanced the tolerance of B. tabaci to imidacloprid. The CYP6CM1 gene was significantly up-regulated in viruliferous susceptible B. tabaci compared with non-viruliferous B. tabaci after an acquisition access period of 10 d, including its upstream regulators. Silencing the CYP6CM1 gene by RNA interference reduced the ability of B. tabaci to acquire CCYV compared with the control. Additionally, imidacloprid-resistant B. tabaci outperformed sensitive adults in terms of virus transmission ability. These results suggest that CCYV enhances the ability of imidacloprid-sensitive B. tabaci to resist adverse external factors (insecticides). In turn, B. tabaci resistance affects virus transmission. Thus, to a certain extent, the plant virus and insect vector establish a mutually beneficial relationship that facilitates virus transmission.
Interlayer electron coupling pathway driven electrochemiluminescence in hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks
Authors: Hou Hanlin , Wang Yunlei , Luo Rengan , Wang Yufei , Zhu Da , Zhou Jun , Wu Xiaojun , Ju Huangxian , Lei Jianping
Published: March 2022

The annihilation reaction between anionic and cationic radicals of the emitters is the determining step to produce electrochemiluminescence (ECL). However, the charge transfer process in the annihilation reaction has not been fully studied. Herein, benefiting from the densely-stacked structure, the hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) as efficient ECL emitters are designed to amplify the ECL signal through interlayer electron coupling (ILEC) pathway. Due to the electron accumulations between the adjacent interlayer benzenes, the 1,3,6,8-tetra(4-carboxylphenyl)pyrene-based HOF-101 exhibited the strong ILEC effect with 3.61 cm2 V-1 s-1 electron mobility. Significantly, the expanded aromatic HOF-101 demonstrates a 440-fold enhancement in ECL intensity compared with 1,3,6,8-tetracarboxypyrene-based HOF-100 due to the ultrafast excited carrier dynamics and high ILEC energy, which is rationalized by density functional theory and the Hall effect. Furthermore, the reduced ECL efficiency of Mg-based organic frameworks with antiparallel stacked morphology confirms that the ILEC process is a determining step during the generation of ECL. In addition, the unique properties of HOFs enable in situ self-repairing ECL capability. HOFs as ideal ECL emitters provide a tunable interlayer charge transfer pathway to decode the fundamentals of ECL.