bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced Methods for Detection of Haemoglobinopathies
Authors: Kwaifa Ibrahim Kalle , Ibrahim Zainab Abubakar
Published: December 2024

Haemoglobinopathies, a group of genetic disorders affecting the structure or production of haemoglobin, remain a significant public health concern globally, particularly in regions such as sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Mediterranean. These disorders include conditions like sickle cell disease and various forms of thalassemia, which necessitate early and accurate diagnosis for effective management and treatment. Normal adult haemoglobin (HbA) is designated αᴬ₂βᴬ₂. Variant haemoglobin is derived from gene abnormalities affecting the α-globin genes (HBA1 or HBA2) or β-globin (HBB) structural genes. More than a thousand haemoglobin variants have been identified relative to changes in the globin chains. Advanced methods for the detection of haemoglobinopathies have dramatically improved our diagnostic capabilities, facilitating more precise and comprehensive investigation of these conditions. The use of next-generation sequencing (NGS), permits the screening of multiple genes linked with haemoglobinopathies, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques, such as quantitative PCR (qPCR) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) are essential tools for investigating specific mutations in haemoglobin genes, the integration of CRISPR-Cas9 technology for gene editing provides a promising stage for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications in haemoglobinopathies, while Advancements in mass spectrometry have also expressively facilitated to the detections of haemoglobinopathy. These would definitely help in the development of targeted therapeutic strategies and personalized management plans. Data were generated from PubMed, Google Scholar, Nature, BMC, Tailor and Francis, MDPI, Springer, and some other related data. This review was aimed to provide appreciable information on the current methods for the investigation of haemoglobinopathies.
Intervenção do Estado na educação em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Vieira Wládia Martins Ribeiro , Oliveira Francisco Mesquita de
Published: December 2024

Introdução. A pandemia do coronavírus (COVID-19) no início de 2020 obrigou a humanidade a adotar práticas de isolamento e distanciamento social, ocasionando a interrupção das atividades presenciais em muitos setores da sociedade, sendo essa uma das primeiras medidas adotadas pelos poderes públicos para conter o avanço a proliferação do vírus. Nesse contexto, as liberdades individuais foram tensionadas em prol da coletividade, colocando no centro do debate político e social a atuação do Estado e sua capacidade de equacionar – sem cometer arbitrariedades (excessos) – relação indivíduo e sociedade durante o contexto apontado. Qual o limite da intervenção do Estado? Objetivo. O presente artigo pretende refletir acerca da problemática em questão, enfatizando o conceito de liberdade cunhado por Adam Smith (1999), John Stuart Mill (2000) e Alexis de Tocqueville (2000), considerando as repercussões desse tensionamento no campo específico da educação, oferecendo elementos para o debate sobre a intervenção do Estado no âmbito da educação no momento pandêmico da COVID-19. Metodologia. O percurso metodológico ancorado na abordagem qualitativa, consiste na realização pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Resultados e Discussão. Temos que, no caso da educação em particular, a atuação do Estado ocorreu em consonância com as balizas do pensamento dos autores Conclusão. Diante da análise realizada, nota-se que no campo da educação, a atuação estatal reflete o pensamento político dos autores com os quais o presente ensaio dialoga.
O conhecimento das mulheres sobre o exame de mamografia e o câncer de mama na zona urbana do município de Lagoa do Mato, Maranhão
Authors: Santos Danyele Silva , Silva Filho Wilson Seraine
Published: December 2024

Introdução. A mamografia é o principal exame para a detecção precoce do câncer de mama, sendo que quanto mais precoce o diagnóstico, melhores são as chances de cura. Objetivo. Examinar o acesso das mulheres ao exame de mamografia e o conhecimento sobre o câncer de mama no município de Lagoa do Mato, Maranhão. Metodologia. Para a coleta de dados foi elaborado um questionário e aplicado para 60 mulheres. Os dados colhidos foram analisados e apresentados em forma de gráficos em valores percentuais. Resultados e Discussão. Realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa e os dados foram apresentados nos gráficos com auxílio do Excel para uma melhor análise. Diante disso, verificou-se que as entrevistadas possuíam conhecimento sobre o câncer de mama, porém muitas delas desconhecem o exame de mamografia e a maioria não o realiza regularmente. Conclusão. Os resultados desta pesquisa revelam que embora o câncer de mama seja uma preocupação conhecida entre as mulheres, o conhecimento sobre a importância da mamografia para a detecção precoce da doença ainda é limitado.
ANALISIS KEBERGUNAAN WEBSITE SMAN 1 PRINGGARATA MENGGUNAKAN METODE HEURISTIC EVALUATION
Authors: Nitami Dian , Ashari Maulana , Zaen Mohammad Taufan Asri
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kebergunaan website sekolah menggunakan metode danevaluasi heuristik. skala Likert yang digunakan dalam kuisioner untuk mengumpulkan persepsi pengguna terhadap berbagai aspek website, evaluasi heuristik yang dilakukan oleh ahli untuk mengidentifikasi masalah desain berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip usability. Website ini berfungsi sebagai platform untuk mempublikasikan informasi, kegiatan, dan prestasi siswa, sehingga kualitasnya sangat penting untuk memastikan kemudahan akses dan interaksi bagi pengunjung. Metode Heuristic Evaluation, yang dikembangkan oleh Nielsen dan Molich, digunakan untuk menilai kesesuaian desain website dengan sepuluh prinsip heuristik usability, termasuk visibilitas status sistem, kesesuaian antara sistem dan dunia nyata, kendali dan kebebasan pengguna, standar dan konsistensi, pencegahan kesalahan, memahami lebih baik daripada mengingat, fleksibilitas dan efisiensi, desain minimalis dan estetika, pertolongan untuk mengenali serta memperbaiki kesalahan, dan bantuan serta dokumentasi.Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa website sudah cukup efektif dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna, tetapi masih ada ruang untuk peningkatan dalam efisiensi dan konsistensi tampilan. Rekomendasi untuk perbaikan meliputi peningkatan kecepatan website, penguatan konsistensi desain, dan penyediaan opsi efisiensi yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan panduan bagi pengembang dan pihak sekolah untuk meningkatkan kualitas website, sehingga dapat lebih optimal dalam mendukung kebutuhan informasi dan interaksi pengguna.
Productivity and chemical composition of green mass of sand lucerne (Medicago varia Martyn) and sickle medick (Medicago falcata L.) with the use of the growth regulator Albit, the microbiological fertilizer Sporion and ammonium molybdate
Authors:   RGAU–Moscow State Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev, Dikareva Svetlana , Kurenkova Evgeniya , Belopukhov Sergey , Dmitrevskaya Inna , Lazarev Nikolay
Published: December 2024

Three-year field studies at the Timiryazev Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy (Moscow) have shown that new varieties of variable alfalfa of the hay-pasture type Agnia and Taisiya and yellow alfalfa Nizhegorodskaya formed highly productive grass stands with a yield of 7,94 to 10,28 t/ha of dry matter in the 2nd and 3rd years of life. When applying the growth regulator Albit, the microbiological fertilizer Sporion and ammonium molybdate, the yield of variable alfalfa Taisiya and yellow alfalfa Nizhegorodskaya increased by 3,9-7,5% on average over 3 years. Foliar feeding with ammonium molybdate and Albit contributed to an increase in the yield of the Agnia variety by 8,8 and 6,5%, respectively. On average, for all preparations, the Taisiya variety was 3,9% more productive than the Nizhegorodskaya variety. Due to active symbiotic nitrogen fixation, alfalfa exceeded the festulolium variety Fest in yield by 3,0-3,3 times. The three-fold mowing regime ensured the production of green fodder with a high content of crude protein in the dry mass of alfalfa - from 13,55 to 20,02%, calcium - from 1,20 to 1,82% and phosphorus - from 0,33 to 0,45%. The concentration of crude fiber in mowings varied from 27,11 to 31,95%. In the 2nd-3rd years of life, alfalfa accumulated from 156,9 to 224,1 kg / ha of symbiotically fixed nitrogen in the aboveground mass. In all the years of research, alfalfa Agnia and Nizhegorodskaya responded most positively to the introduction of ammonium molybdate, increasing the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen by 11,2-14,0%.

Keywords: VARIABLE ALFALFA, YELLOW ALFALFA, VARIETIES, YIELD, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, SYMBIOTIC NITROGEN
Engelli Yerli Turistlerin Turizmde Yaşadıkları Sorunlar: Çevrim İçi Platformlardaki Şikâyetler Üzerinden Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Kesim Meral Melisa , Yılmaz İbrahim
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Türkiye’deki farklı destinasyonlarda tatillerini geçiren engelli bireylerin tatilleri süresince karşılaştıkları sorunları çevrim içi platformlardaki şikâyetleri üzerinden değerlendirmektir. Bu kapsamda, engelli Türk turistler tarafından 2023 yılı Ocak-Aralık döneminde sikayetvar.com, tripadvisor.com.tr, engelliler.biz, sikayet.com ve sikayetim.com platformlarında konuya ilişkin olarak yapılan 311 yorum içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda 8 ana tema ve bu temalara bağlı 25 kategori kapsamında toplam 1.746 şikâyet belirlenmiştir. Ana temalar arasında en çok şikâyet edilen konular sırasıyla "personel tutum ve davranışları", "hizmet kalitesi" ve "fiziki erişilebilirlik" olmuştur. Kategoriler açısından bakıldığında ise, personel tutum ve davranışları içerisindeki “davranış problemleri”, hizmet kalitesi kapsamındaki “vaat edilen hizmetlerin verilmemesi” ve fiziki erişilebilirlik kapsamındaki “engellilere yönelik fiziksel düzenlemeler” en sık şikâyete konu olan kategorilerdir. Çalışma, engelli Türk turistlerin turizmde karşılaştıkları en önemli sorunları ortaya koyması bakımından önemlidir. Araştırmada elde edilen sonuçlar, engelli bireylerin tatilde karşılaştıkları sorunların çözümüne yönelik hayata geçirilmesi gereken öncelikli düzenleme ve iyileştirmeler için atılması gereken adımlara ilişkin somut ipuçları vermesi bakımından da önemli katkı sunmaktadır.
What I Have Not Learned
Authors: Spector Jonathan Michael
Published: December 2024

As I approach retirement and reflect on nearly 80 years of life and over 50 years as an educator, I am struck by a humbling realization: the more I learn, the less I seem to know. Influenced by Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus and its final proposition—“Whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must remain silent”—I have come to appreciate the limits of knowledge and the importance of humility in scholarship and life. My career, though unplanned, has taken me across diverse roles in philosophy, computer science, and instructional systems, yet the most profound lesson came not from academic achievements but from the realization that knowledge alone is insufficient without care for others. Echoing my professor’s advice to think for oneself but live for others, I have grown to believe that the true purpose of education extends beyond skill acquisition; it lies in fostering compassion, intellectual humility, and meaningful contributions to humanity. I lament that I may have done too little to instill these ideals but hope that my students will surpass me in advancing lives centered on peace, service, and community. Ultimately, as my father once said, what remains is not what you say but what you do, and it is my earnest desire that education continues to inspire action toward the betterment of others.
Chest X-Ray as A Predictor of Mortality in Pulmonary TB Patients with Respiratory Distress: A Literature Review
Authors: Aisyi Aidan Azka , Syafa’ah Irmi , Ferriastuti Widiana , Wulaningrum Prastuti Asta
Published: December 2024

This article provides an in-depth review of the correlation between radiological features and mortality in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients presenting with respiratory distress, highlighting the interplay between diagnostic imaging and clinical outcomes. It examines key aspects such as the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying respiratory distress in TB, predictors of adverse outcomes, and the critical role of diagnostic imaging in identifying disease severity. Radiological findings, including cavitation, infiltrates, consolidations, and pleural effusions, are explored for their prognostic implications and their role in guiding treatment strategies for high-risk patients. By synthesizing evidence from recent studies, the review underscores the importance of integrating radiological assessments with clinical, biochemical, and laboratory data to improve risk stratification and optimize management. These insights aim to enhance understanding of how severe radiological patterns influence mortality and provide actionable guidance for improving therapeutic approaches in TB patients, particularly those in critical care settings.
Factors Contributing to Neonatal Asphyxia
Authors: Herlambang Rr. Sekar Dian Putri , Santoso Kohar Hari , Sulistyono Agus , Mulawardhana Pungky
Published: December 2024

Background: Neonatal asphyxia is the failure of spontaneous breathing, and in some cases, an APGAR score of <7 is observed in the first minute. According to the WHO, asphyxia is one of the leading causes of neonatal death. Objective: To identify the factors that cause asphyxia in newborns based on previous studies. Methods: For the literature review, we gathered a range of journals from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The research involved reviewing literature by using keywords like “neonatal asphyxia, “APGAR score” and “low APGAR score” with 30 articles. Results: Factors contributing to asphyxia (Apgar score <7) in newborns include maternal factors, fetal factors, delivery factors, and external factors.
A study of animal action segmentation algorithms across supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised learning paradigms
Authors: Blau Ari , Schaffer Evan S , Mishra Neeli , Miska Nathaniel J ,   International Brain Laboratory, Paninski Liam , Whiteway Matthew R
Published: December 2024

Action segmentation of behavioral videos is the process of labeling each frame as belonging to one or more discrete classes, and is a crucial component of many studies that investigate animal behavior. A wide range of algorithms exist to automatically parse discrete animal behavior, encompassing supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised learning paradigms. These algorithms – which include tree-based models, deep neural networks, and graphical models – differ widely in their structure and assumptions on the data. Using four datasets spanning multiple species – fly, mouse, and human – we systematically study how the outputs of these various algorithms align with manually annotated behaviors of interest. Along the way, we introduce a semi-supervised action segmentation model that bridges the gap between supervised deep neural networks and unsupervised graphical models. We find that fully supervised temporal convolutional networks with the addition of temporal information in the observations perform the best on our supervised metrics across all datasets.
Nvivo as a Handy Tool in Qualitative Meta-Synthesis Studies in L2 Research
Authors: Bakla Arif
Published: December 2024

Although quantitative paradigm still appears to occupy a significant place in social sciences (more specifically in second language acquisition research), there has been a widespread interest in qualitative studies in these areas since the last quarter of the twentieth century. As more qualitative studies are being conducted, there emerges a need to synthesize their findings to draw generalisable conclusions to inform practice. This paper provides an overview of qualitative meta-synthesis by highlighting its key aspects. Then it goes on to discuss how NVivo, a computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS) program, can be used to facilitate, speed up and improve the quality of qualitative meta-syntheses by increasing their depth. NVivo can be quite useful in qualitative meta-synthesis studies, not only because it helps organise the data but also because it facilitates such key activities during data analysis as coding, writing analytic memos, conducting keyword searches and comparing coding and analytical notes. Besides these, a highly practical tool is framework matrix, which helps prepare a neatly organized synthesis of research studies in spreadsheet format. This paper discusses the use of these tools in the context of meta-synthesis and offers some practical suggestions in this regard.
Teachers' Perspectives on Assessing English Speaking Skills: A Post-New Exam Model Investigation
Authors: Dinçer Merve Nur , Bal Gezegin Betul
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the secondary school English as Foreign Language (EFL) teachers' perspectives on assessing English speaking skills after the new regulations introduced in the 2023-2024 academic year by the Turkish Ministry of National Education (MoNE). With the new regulations, students started to take English speaking exams for the first time in secondary schools in Türkiye. The focus of the study is on EFL teachers' perspectives, feelings, experiences, and thoughts regarding pre-, during, and post-exam situations in this adaptation process. In this qualitative study, data was gathered from 11 teachers via one-on-one semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions. The thematic analysis revealed that EFL teachers find the speaking exams significant, necessary, and useful. Teachers reported that they had become more motivated about speaking activities and using English in the lessons after the regulations. While teachers generally expressed positive sentiments regarding the introduction of speaking exams in secondary schools and the opportunity to collaborate with colleagues during the adaptation process, they also reported experiencing negative emotions, including feelings of unpreparedness, stress, burnout, fatigue, and hopelessness, largely due to the abrupt timing of the change. Challenges such as difficulties in adaptation, ineffective exams, increased teacher workloads, impractical grading processes within the e-school system, and teachers' demanding schedules were also reported. For the future of speaking exams, teachers believe that these exams will/should continue but need to be improved. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable resource for English testing and evaluation, curriculum development, educational planning and programming, material development, in-service teacher training, and the preparation of pre-service EFL teachers, particularly in relation to speaking exams in secondary schools
Assessment of sustainable nutrition practices among individuals attending the gym
Authors: Kenger Emre Batuhan , Aydın Öykü , Balkan Cansu , İşcan Ecem , Erol Ezgi , Türkmen Tuba Beyza
Published: December 2024

Sustainable diets refer to diets with low environmental impacts and positive impacts on food security and health. Considering resource depletion and environmental pollution, it is thought that foods with low environmental impact should be chosen instead of foods with high environmental impact. However, given the high protein consumption of individuals who go to the gym, it is thought that they pose a risk for a sustainable future. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the behaviors of gym-going individuals towards sustainable nutrition. A total of 203 individuals with a mean age of 28.57±9.97 years were included in this cross-sectional study. A questionnaire containing demographic information was prepared by the researchers. In addition, the Sustainable Nutrition Behavior Scale was administered to the participants. An overwhelming majority of the participants, specifically 97.5%, reported consuming meat, chicken, or fish at least once or twice a week. The mean total score of the sustainable dietary behavior scale was 97.65±21.59. There was no significant difference between the body mass index values of the participants and the total score of the sustainable nutrition behavior scale (p>0.05). The total score of the behavior scale for sustainable nutrition was lower in participants with active sports duration of less than 5 years, single marital status, and male participants (p
The legal system reform of Ukraine in the context of EU integration and hybrid threats
Authors: Kryvytskyi Yurii , Kuznetsova Liudmyla , Chekalіuk Veronika , Maidaniuk Iryna , Khriapynskyi Anton
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by Ukraine's European integration aspirations and the need to bring its legal system into line with European standards, creation of the state image of an independent state striving for integration with the European community. The aim of the research is to investigate the reform of the legal system in the context of Ukraine's integration into the EU in the face of hybrid threats and to search for legal mechanisms to counter such hybrid threats. The author used descriptive, comparative (comparative legal), and legal act analysis methods. Special attention was paid to special methods of scientific research, in particular, the method of interpreting legal norms. As a result of the study, the author concluded that Ukraine has made significant progress in aligning its legal system with European standards, but there is still much work to be done in this direction. The author formulated recommendations for developing mechanisms to counter hybrid threats, both at the level of Ukraine and at the pan-European level. In particular, it was proposed to develop a single pan-European strategy to combat hybrid threats at the EU level. The implementation of the proposed recommendations, in particular, will lead to the integration.
A Preliminary Study of USDA 110 (Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens) Strain Nodulation Performance and Soybean Growth Under Water Scarcity Conditions
Authors: Yaraşır Nermin , Yiğit Ali , Erekul Osman
Published: December 2024

Nitrogen fixation is one of the key benefits of the economic and environmentally sustainable approach that legumes contribute to crop production. With the fruitful cooperation of legume-rhizobia symbiosis, soybean cultivation contributes to this sustainability while drought threatens this sustainable agricultural system. Thus, this study aimed to verify the influence of water deficit on the soybean nodulating performance concerning different inoculants, crop growth and quality. A field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of irrigated and water scarcity conditions (full: WHC 100% and deficit: WHC 50%) on soybean yield and quality and also to test the nodulation performance of two different inoculants USDA 110 (Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens) and Azotek (Rhizobium spp.) applied to 3 different soybean cultivars (Umut-2002, Cinsoy and Altınay). For this purpose, plant height (cm), first pod height (cm), number of pods per plant, 1000 seed weight (g), seed yield (kg ha-1), SPAD chlorophyll content, leaf area (cm2), crude protein and oil content (%) traits were measured. According to the field and root observations, no nodulation history was observed in both Rhizobia strains under irrigated and water scarcity conditions. Water limitation resulted with the negative impact on soybean yield (≈35% less) and yield formation. In addition to yield reduction, water scarcity caused a significant decrease in SPAD chlorophyll content in the reproductive stages and leaf area of the plant. As a result of this preliminary study, water scarcity has irreversible effects on soybean plant physiology and yield formation in the hot climate conditions of Aydın province. Further field studies are needed to observe the nodulation performance of soybean plants in the region which has not been observed in the field studies so far.
Production Performance and Chemical Composition of Various Hydroponic Fodder Species
Authors: Rahman Md. Mustajabur , Islam Sarder , Islam Md. Shafiqul
Published: December 2024

The traditional agricultural system is highly dependent on the soil and the natural environment. It is encountering significant challenges from climate change, soil degradation, and water scarcity. Hydroponic fodder production offers as an alternative solution to traditional agricultural system of fodder cultivation which does not rely on soil and can be produced in controlled environment while yielding highly nutritious fodder. This study assesses biomass production, plant height, primary root length, chlorophyll index, nutritional content and economic feasibility of five hydroponic fodder species which includes maize (Zea mays), wheat (Triticum aestivum), oat (Avena sativa), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). The research was conducted at Dr. Purnendu Gain field laboratory and Animal Husbandry laboratory at Khulna University, Bangladesh. Experimental design was completely randomized design (CRD). There were five repetition and, in each repetitions consisted of four replications for each species. Seeds were carefully selected, prepared, and grown in a controlled environment. It was harvested at 11th day after germination. Results indicated that oat consistently achieved the highest biomass yield, peaking at 1254.22g ± 249.98 from 250 g seeds on day 11, followed by cowpea at 1045.22 g ± 71.57 from same quantity of seeds. Oat also maintained the highest plant height reaching up to 19.81 cm ± 1.34 by day 11. Maize showed the longest root length, measuring of 28.59 cm ± 0.120. Cowpea demonstrated the highest chlorophyll levels across all days. Wheat was proved to be the most cost-effective option. Highest dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), total ash (TA) and nitrogen-free extract (NFE) was found in wheat (26.62% ± 2.91), cowpea (25.80% ± 0.48), oat (19.31% ± 1.62), maize (3.59% ± 0.17), cowpea (9.61% ± 0.36) and maize (54.15% ± 2.48), respectively. The results demonstrated the potential of hydroponic fodder production as a viable, sustainable solution for livestock farming, particularly in regions where traditional fodder cultivation is constrained.
Effects of Zinc on Yield and Quality of Forage Pea [Pisum sativum ssp. arvense (L.) Poir.]
Authors: Özyazıcı Mehmet Arif , Açıkbaş Semih
Published: December 2024

Zinc (Zn) is one of the most important micronutrients that can increase the growth, yield attributes, yield, quality and nutritional value of plants. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of zinc sulphate (ZnSO4·7H2O) application at different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 kg ha-1) on forage yield and quality and mineral content of the plant in forage pea [Pisum sativum ssp. arvense (L.) Poir.] (cv. Özkaynak) under semi-arid climate conditions. The response variables included stem diameter, plant height, green forage yield, hay yield, crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, total phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg). As a result of the research, it was determined that the Zn doses applied from the soil had meaningful effects on the green forage yield (p
The Effect of the Roughage Production Project on Forage Crops Agriculture in Kırşehir
Authors: Yavuz Tamer , Hatipoğlu Rüştü , Gül Veysel , Kır Hakan , Cinar Selahattin
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to determine the effects of the Roughage Production Project on forage crop agriculture, which was carried out to introduce and extend forage crops to the region's producers and show how to produce cheap and high-quality roughage. In the research, a mixture of 70% Hungarian vetch and 30% triticale was grown on the lands of farmers selected from the region's producers, especially those engaged in animal production, during growing seasons between 2018 and 2024. Because forage crop agriculture is not sufficiently developed in the region, in the production carried out within the project's scope, one-on-one application was made to the producers in the field in all processes from planting to harvest. During the project, 1363 tons of quality roughage was produced on the areas of 6270 decares with 67 producers in seven production seasons. The Roughage Production Project practices have contributed not only to seed and fertilizer support for the producer but also to a change of habits through technical support provided at every stage of production, to producers' willingness to cultivate forage crops, and to the development of forage crop culture with mixtures created with species and varieties suitable for the ecology of the region. As a result, the Roughage Production Project has made a significant contribution to raising regional producers' awareness of producing their own quality roughage and establishing forage crop culture.
TANGGUNG JAWAB PERUSAHAN DAMRI TERHADAP HILANGNYA BARANG PENUMPANG DI CABANG SINTANG
Authors: Ngebi Stefanus
Published: December 2024

Transporting services is a vital means or activity in people’s lives. It shows a variety of factors. Transportation services often require treaties, such as transportation agreements. Agreements are used asa basis for the morning laws of those who have committed themselves to the alliance. Losing a passenger item was not immediately a passenger responsibility. In the transport of tickets that became the basis for the implementation of the agreement. Of course there are rights and obligations to be noticed and properly fulfilled. In this study, researchers used normative-empirical law research methods. This was necessary if the scientific writing did not deviate from the matter at hand. The research methodology is the study of frameworks carrying out research. The company is expected to be able to minimize damage or accidents to the delivery by inspecting the delivery beforehand in order to make sure that the delivery is safe and comfortable.
RESEARCH OF MODULATION METHODS FOR DATA TRANSMISSION VIA VISIBLE LIGHT
Authors:   D.  Serikbayev  East  Kazakhstan  technical  university, Alimkhanova A. , Grigoryeva S. , Bolatova A.
Published: December 2024

The emergence of new directions based on the optical range in the field of communications is explained
by existing problems in organizing modern wireless infrastructure. Currently, the radio frequency band widely used
for data transmission is overloaded and cannot meet the rapidly growing traffic and demand for wireless data services.
Additional implementation of wireless systems based on the use of optical range can help solve existing problems.
Visible light communication, as an integral part of optical wireless communication, can realize the requirements for
data transmission speed in the network, and reduce the load on the bandwidth of existing wireless networks. The article
discusses modulation methods in a wireless optical communication network. Modulation characteristics that are
important for system performance are studied. For types of pulse modulation, the power spectral density is calculated
and studied to obtain time waveforms with a given signal-to-noise ratio. A model of an ideal transmission and reception
system for OOC-NRZ in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise is constructed, which is suitable for indoor
visible light data transmission systems. Signal shapes and the influence of instrumental and external noise were studied.
Calculated values of the bit error probability based on experimental data are given. The proposed simulation model
can be used in the design of real transmitting and receiving devices for a visible light communication system.
STUDY OF RE-EXTRACTION OF ORES FROM MCC WITH FIELD PREPARATION IN CONDITIONS OF THE COLLAPSE AREA
Authors:   D.A. Kunayev Mining Institute, Bekbergenov D.K. , Jangulova G.K. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh  National University, Zhanakova R.K. ,   K.I. Satbayev Kazakh National Research  Technical University, Abiyev B.A. ,   Kazakh  Highway  Institute
Published: December 2024

Justification of the technology for repeated ore extraction from deposits with preparation in complex
mining and geological conditions of collapsed zones and subsidence troughs based on a rating indicator. To address
the set tasks, theoretical and experimental studies were conducted to analyze the stages and sequence of developing
remaining reserves, as well as methods for substantiating geomechanical parameters and assessing the value of
mineral resources. Based on these studies, technological schemes were proposed to enable efficient repeated extraction
of ore reserves from pillars with preliminary field preparation and determination of the order of development for
specific sections. The first to be developed is block 54, followed by blocks 22-23-24, blocks 15 and 15-15 south in areas
with overlapping deposits, and finally block 7bis of the "Annenskaya" mine (VGR). Technical and economic
calculations confirmed the feasibility of extracting ore reserves from these blocks, despite the challenging conditions
of collapsed zones and subsidence troughs.
APPLIED COMPUTER MODEL FOR CALCULATING THE PARAMETERS OF A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER CERTIFICATE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Authors:   D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University, Baigereyev Samat , Konurbaeva Zhadyra , Mashekenova Assiya
Published: December 2024

Certification of engineering personnel is one of the effective systems for assessing the compliance of engineers' competencies with international requirements. The result of professi onal certification of engineers is a certificate. This article presents an applied computer model for calculating the validity period of a certificate depending on the applicant's level of knowledge, length of service, and level of responsibility of the pr ofession.
According to the results of computer modeling, the specified input parameters affect the validity period of the certificate and differ from the existing approach by 20%. The research results can be applied in certification centers for certification of professional engineers.
RESEARCH ON THE POSSIBILITY OF INTENSIFICATING THE PROCESS OF RICTION OF ZINC CONCENTRATE IN A FLUIDIZED BED USING MATHEMATICAL MODELING METHODS
Authors:   D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan technical university, Saprykin D.N. , Sadenova M.A. , Kulenova N.A. , Varbanov P.S. ,   Széchenyi István University Egyetem
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the possibility of intensifying the process of roasting zinc concentrate in fluidized
bed furnaces using mathematical modeling methods. The purpose of the study is to optimize firing conditions to increase
the yield of zinc oxide and reduce energy costs. Using mathematical models describing reaction kinetics and mass and
heat transfer processes, key parameters such as temperature, firing time and composition of the starting material are
analyzed. The effect of aeration and the addition of reagents on the speed and efficiency of the reaction is considered.
The experimental part of the work includes laboratory tests that allow us to validate mathematical models and confirm
theoretical predictions. The results show that the proposed intensification methods significantly improve the efficiency
of the roasting process, reduce emissions and contribute to more sustainable production. The data obtained can be
useful for implementation in industry and the development of new technological solutions in the field of processing zinc
concentrates.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DA AVALIAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO DO ESTUDANTE (ADE) NAS ESCOLAS MUNICIPAIS DE MANAUS: DESAFIOS, PROCESSOS E IMPACTOS EDUCACIONAIS
Authors: Batista Ivan Carlos Rufino
Published: December 2024

Este estudo analisa os desafios, processos e impactos educacionais relacionados à implementação da Avaliação de Desempenho do Estudante (ADE) nas escolas da rede municipal de Manaus, no período de 2017 a 2019. O objetivo é compreender como fatores estruturais, pedagógicos e institucionais influenciaram a aplicação da avaliação e seu potencial para aprimorar o ensino. A pesquisa adota uma abordagem dedutiva, qualitativa e exploratória, utilizando análise documental e dados quantitativos fornecidos pela Divisão de Avaliação e Monitoramento. Foram investigados desafios como desigualdades regionais, limitações logísticas e resistências institucionais, além de processos envolvendo planejamento, execução e uso pedagógico dos resultados. Os impactos identificados incluem avanços no monitoramento da aprendizagem e no planejamento escolar, embora a eficácia tenha sido comprometida por lacunas na formação docente e desigualdades estruturais. Os dados demonstraram um incremento pontual no desempenho em Matemática, mas com resultados desiguais entre escolas urbanas e ribeirinhas. A análise conclui que, apesar das limitações, a ADE proporcionou contribuições significativas para a gestão educacional, destacando a necessidade de maior integração entre avaliação, formação e políticas públicas. Como proposta, sugere-se o fortalecimento da capacitação docente, maior investimento em infraestrutura e a adaptação de estratégias às especificidades regionais. O estudo contribui para o debate sobre políticas avaliativas e reforça a importância de ações estruturadas que promovam equidade educacional. Dessa forma, a ADE se apresenta como uma ferramenta relevante para a transformação do ensino no contexto de Manaus, mas exige ajustes para alcançar maior efetividade.
TERAPIA DE SUBSTITUIÇÃO HORMONAL E DENSIDADE MINERAL ÓSSEA EM MULHERES PÓS-MENOPAUSA COM OSTEOPOROSE
Authors: Lobo Daniel Mendes Lira , Fernandes Debora Silveira Damas , Carvalho Mayara Rodrigues Aguiar de , Evangelista Filho Osmar Pereira
Published: December 2024

A osteoporose pós-menopáusica representa uma condição de grande relevância clínica, caracterizada pela perda progressiva da densidade mineral óssea (DMO), aumentando o risco de fraturas. A Terapia de Substituição Hormonal (TSH) tem sido amplamente utilizada no manejo dessa condição devido aos seus efeitos positivos sobre a manutenção da DMO. Este estudo revisa as evidências disponíveis sobre a relação entre TSH e a DMO em mulheres pós-menopáusicas com osteoporose. A análise abrange diferentes tipos de estrogênios e progestágenos utilizados na terapia, bem como suas variações em termos de eficácia e segurança. Estudos sugerem que a TSH pode melhorar significativamente a DMO, principalmente em mulheres no início da menopausa. No entanto, o uso prolongado de TSH está associado a potenciais riscos, como o aumento do risco de câncer de mama e doenças cardiovasculares. A compreensão dos efeitos a longo prazo da TSH na DMO é essencial para otimizar seu uso terapêutico, levando em consideração os riscos e benefícios individuais das pacientes.
Double-moment normalization of hail size number distributions over Switzerland
Authors: Ferrone Alfonso , Kopp Jérôme , Lainer Martin , Gabella Marco , Germann Urs , Berne Alexis
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Measurements of hailstone diameters and kinetic energy, collected by the Swiss network of automatic hail sensors, are available in three regions of Switzerland for the period between September 2018 and August 2023. In this study, we propose the use of double-moment normalization for modeling the hail size number distribution (HSND), which is defined as the number of hailstone impacts measured, for each diameter size, by one instrument during one hail event. This method uses two of the empirical moments of the HSND to compute a normalized distribution. While the HSND is dependent on the duration and intensity of the event and on the detection area of the sensor, we show that the normalized distribution has limited variability across the three geographical regions of deployment of the sensors. Thanks to its invariance in space and time, a generalized gamma function is used to model the normalized distribution, and its parameters have been determined through a fit over approximately 70 % of the events. The fitted model and the previously chosen pair of empirical moments can be used to reconstruct the HSND at any location in Switzerland. The accuracy of the reconstruction has been estimated over the remaining 30 % of the dataset. An additional evaluation has been performed on an independent HSND, made of estimates of hail diameters measured by drone photogrammetry during a single event. This HSND has a much larger number of hailstone impacts (18 000) than those of the hail sensor events (from 30 to 400). The double-moment normalization is able to reproduce well the HSND recorded by the hail sensors and the drone, albeit with an underestimation of the number of impacts at small diameters. These results highlight the invariance of the normalized distribution and the adaptability of the method to different data sources.
Türkmenler Üzerine Bir İnceleme: Tarihsel Süreç, Direniş ve Kimlik
Authors: Özkan Murat
Published: December 2024

Türkmenlerin tarihî serüveni, Türkistan’ın siyasi ve kültürel dinamikleri içinde önemli bir konuma sahiptir. İlk dönemlerden itibaren Türkmenlerin çeşitli devletlerle kurduğu ilişkiler ve Türkistan hanlıklarıyla giriştiği mücadeleler, bölgenin tarihî ve siyasal yapısını anlamak için kritik bir perspektif sunmaktadır. XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Çarlık Rusya’nın Türkistan’ı işgal planlarını hayata geçirmesi, Türkmenler için sadece askerî değil, aynı zamanda kimlik ve kültürel değerler üzerinde derin etkiler yaratan yeni bir dönemin başlangıcı olmuştur. Çalışmada, Türkmen tarihinin genel bir özeti sunulduktan sonra, Rusların bölgeye düzenlediği, ilki 1879’da, ikincisi ise 1881’de gerçekleşen seferler ve bu süreçte Türkmenlerin sergilediği şanlı direniş ayrıntılı bir şekilde ele alınmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra, Sovyetler Birliği döneminde Türkmenlerin maruz kaldığı sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel baskılar da incelenmiştir. Sovyet yönetimi, Türkmen kimliğini baskılamak amacıyla toplumsal yapıyı yeniden şekillendirme, zorunlu kolektivizasyon ve kültürel asimilasyon politikaları uygulamış; bu süreç Türkmen toplumunda derin izler bırakmıştır. Çalışma, Türkmenlerin tarihî mirasını, bağımsızlık mücadelelerini ve modern Türkmenistan’ın kuruluşuna uzanan tarihî süreci analiz ederek kapsamlı bir çerçeve sunmayı hedeflemektedir.
Millî Eğitim Bakanı Hasan-Âli Yücel’in Ülkü Anlayışı ve Vatandaşlık Düşüncesinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Bodur Ahmet
Published: December 2024

Hasan-Ali Yucel's understanding of the country and the idea of citizenship is based on the love of people and the motherland. He is both an educator with a national thought and a progressive with a humanist understanding. Yücel, from a young age, we see that he has taken on efforts to strive for the future and for the country, that he has taken these issues into his own hands. Yücel has worked for the ambition of individuals who have the characteristics of a good citizen, a good person, a mature person. According to him, education should ensure that the citizens of the country can work for their country as a rule of patriotism and morality, put their existence on the path of service to their country, work for the advancement of their homeland, develop themselves in a way that can be useful to their nation, be able to run at the front when the task comes, and do all this sincerely and by becoming a behavior. The most important means for citizens to be able to get to the point that the country and the state are aiming at is education. Individuals who have fully acquired the educational dimension will be productive individuals for the country and the nation. This education, which extends to all areas from childhood to youth, adulthood and old age, is actually basically a process, and it is the goal of the state to be able to get efficiency as a result of this process. Individuals who continue their education both with state facilities and their own means will have a dedication and ideal, and they will continue this at every stage of their life. As an educator, we can say that Yücel's most important point is education. Yücel, who is against rote education, has targeted individuals who learn by living by doing. Individuals who receive an education that makes them love and believe instead of education given with fear and coercion should be able to meet the country's shortage in the vocational and technical field and the need for a qualified workforce. The student, who is at the center of education, is the main role of education and the efforts made to achieve the profile of a good citizen that the country aims at. These themes that express the student are also the themes and characteristics that Yücel aims at in the citizen of the country. Expressing that there should be individuals who have improved their spiritual life along with material life, that both are needed to fly and rise like two winged birds, Yucel spoke about the development of the individual as a whole, and mentioned that there is no way for a person whose material dimension develops but whose spiritual dimension is missing to become a “good citizen, a good person”.
Key Words: Hasan-Ali Yucel, The Understanding of the Country, the Idea of Citizenship
Eğitsel Yönetim Süreçlerinde Sosyal Bilimler, Yurt Bilgisi ve Vatandaşlık Eğitiminin İncelenmesi
Authors: Söğüt Mahmure
Published: December 2024

Social Sciences is a program that aims to bring an individual into the position of effective citizens who internalize the rights and responsibilities offered to them by the political system in the process of integration with society, learn their cultural values and are sensitive to social phenomena. For this purpose, states attach great importance to Social Science programs in terms of the continuity of their regimes and the transmission of their national policies to their citizens. The main purpose of Social Sciences is to help young people to develop the ability to make informed, logical decisions in the public interest as citizens of a democratic society with cultural differences in an interdependent, global world. The goal of raising a good citizen who adheres to the values of the Republic is an understanding that is based on Social Sciences. This can also be clearly seen in the Social Sciences program. The understanding of citizenship transfer is the oldest approach related to the teaching of Social Sciences. At the core of this approach is the conscious and planned acquisition of the most necessary knowledge, values and skills for the maintenance of culture to students. Certain behaviors, knowledge and values are tried to be passed on to students by teachers. The purpose here is not to question beliefs, but to convey the correct beliefs, to put forward and explain the facts, to guide the student. It is to ensure that students become a good citizen by passing on cultural heritage to them. Even today, the Social Sciences course effectively continues its historical mission of preparing individuals for the future for effective citizenship. As a matter of fact, according to educators in the field of Social Sciences, the focus should be on citizenship education within the Social Sciences program and the necessary importance should be given to this area. In order for a country to maintain and maintain its democratic life, the necessary importance should be given to the Social Science course, which is an effective course in this field in primary education. Because when students in the Social Sciences course in primary education do not acquire the basic citizenship knowledge, skills and values that should be acquired and acquired adequately and properly, the steps that follow are insufficient in raising individuals as effective citizens and it is difficult to compensate. The Social Sciences course is a course directly related to citizenship education. In line with the achievements of this course, students begin to learn the historical foundations of our country and the world and start looking at life in this direction.
Key Words: Educational Policies, Social Sciences, Dormitory Knowledge, Citizenship Education