bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iris sibirica L. in the collection of training and science center “Botanical garden” of Saratov State University n. a. N. G. Chernyshevsky
Authors: Shakina T. N. , Kulikova L. V. , Martynova A. V. , Serova L. A.
Published: June 2020

The paper presents the results of the study of phenorhythms and introduction assessment of four samplesIris sibirica L. and 9 of it cultivars: 'Burgomistr', 'Roaring Jelly', 'Temper tantrum', 'Contrast in Styles', 'Caeser', 'Tikun','Butter and Sugar', 'Ruffled Velvet', 'Kabluey'. Phenological observations between 2016 and 2019 in the "Botanical Garden"of the SSU of Saratov, calendar dates of the main phases of development were set, the average values of the timing andduration of flowering in the studied samples were determined. Conducted research showed that the studied samples andcultivars are stable in culture, as they are winter resistant, immune to diseases and pests, differ in decorative flowering.Cultivars have been successfully grown for a number of observed years, preserving their varietal features. Evaluation ofthe introduction success showed that the tested samples and varieties of Iris were very promising for introduction into theculture and can be recommended for landscaping in the conditions of Saratov.
Adaptation experience of some ornamental and fruit-berry plantlets to ex vitro conditions in the training and science center “Botanical garden” of Saratov State University n. a. N. G. Chernyshevsky
Authors: Shakina T. N.
Published: June 2020

One of the quickways of vegetative plant reproduction is micropropagation. Receiving high results usingthis method is significantly limited by one of the most important stages – adaptation of plantlets to growing under ex vitroconditions, which completes the whole process of reproduction in vitro. To date, there are no universal technologies foradaptation plantlets to non-sterile conditions, which would suit all crops, determine the optimal humidity conditions, substrate, temperature and lighting. The article presents preliminary results of the study of the plantlets adaptive potential fora number of ornamental and fruit-berry crops in non-sterile conditions. The objects of the study were: Cotinus coggygria'Royal Purple'; Syringa vulgaris 'M-me Casimir Perier', 'А. Gromov', 'Sensation'; Pentaphylloides fruticosa L.; Weigelahybrida 'Eva Rathke', 'Candida'; Sorbus aucuparia 'Granatnaya'; Ribes nigrum 'Black Pearl', ' Bagheera', 'Elvesta', 'LittlePrince', 'Wonderful moment', 'Charovnica', 'Zusha', 'Tamerlan', 'Dachnica', 'Dessertnay Olkhina', 'Zagadka'; Lonicera edulis 'Gzhelka', 'Kamchadalka', 'Lazurnay', Moscowskay''.
Ligandrol (LGD-4033)-Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Barbara Mary , Dhingra Sadhna , Mindikoglu Ayse L.
Published: June 2020

We described a 32-year-old man who developed severe drug-induced liver injury after using Ligandrol (LGD-4033). The diagnosis was confirmed by a liver biopsy that showed cholestatic hepatitis with a mild portal, periportal, and perisinusoidal fibrosis. Ligandrol is a selective androgen receptor modulator that is available over the counter and via the internet.
Diagnosis of a Lymphoenteric Fistula by Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography Lymphoscintigraphy
Authors: Anantharachagan Ariharan
Published: June 2020

Protein losing enteropathy can present as an immunodeficiency. This report describes a rare cause of protein losing enteropathy due to a lymphoenteric fistula and how a novel use of a pre-existing combined imaging technique of single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography lymphoscintigraphy helped in making the diagnosis.
Large Necrotic Mass in the Small Bowel
Authors: Singh Rohit , Torre Kristin , Farooq Hafsa , Chang Victor
Published: June 2020

Melanoma of unknown primary (MUP) is a melanoma found in sites other than the skin, mucosa, or eye. It is most commonly present in lymph nodes and least frequently in visceral organs. Diagnosis is difficult given its internal presentation and is often late stage with poor prognosis. We report an 89-year-old man who presented with weakness, a 27-kg weight loss, and gastrointestinal bleeding. He was found to have a large necrotic mass in the small bowel consistent with melanoma. Although he had extensive skin, anogenital, and ocular examinations, no cutaneous lesion was identified, therefore leading to a diagnosis of MUP.
Severe Small Bowel Bleeding Associated With Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma to the Jejunum
Authors: Mitchell Brittany M. , Lapinski James , Rubio-Tapia Alberto
Published: June 2020

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is a malignancy of the kidneys that most commonly metastasizes to lung, bone, lymph nodes, liver, adrenal glands, and brain. We present a 75-year-old man with severe and chronic gastrointestinal bleeding who was eventually discovered to have clear cell renal cell carcinoma metastatic to his jejunum as the source of his bleed. This is a rare phenomenon and an unusual cause of gastrointestinal bleeding.
DOKTRIN TASAWUF DALAM KITAB FUSHUS AL-HIKAM KARYA IBN ‘ARABI
Authors: Usman Ali
Published: June 2020

Ibn ‘Arabi was an Islamic thinker and a well-known Sufi figure among Sufi figures who had an extraordinary influence on the development of Islamic thought until now. His knowledge and thoughts really have a very high imaginative power, as seen in many of his works, which until now have never been bored by their readers. Fushus al-Hikam, which is his monumental work, besides al-Futuhat al-Makkiyah. The Book of Fushus al-Hikam (Ring of Wisdom Binding / String of Pearls of Wisdom) is a relatively shorter work than the Futuhat, but it is the most widely read and suggested by the reviewer (perhaps because it is the most difficult), as well as the most influential and most famous. This book was compiled in 627 AH / 1229 CE, ten years before he died. According to Ibn ‘Arabi himself, the content in this work was entirely based on the inspiration of his spiritual knowledge from the Prophet who held a book in his hand and he ordered to take it and bring it to the world so that people could benefit from it.
KONSEP KEBAHAGIAAN DALAM TASAWUF MODERN HAMKA
Authors: Arrasyid Arrasyid
Published: June 2020

Happiness is an eternal concept that will always keep being up to date which means the concept of happiness will never be ended for discussion. Starting from ancient times, people today, and people in the future always want the same thing as happiness. The concept of happiness is not something new for both the world of Sufism and philosophy, therefore the concept of happiness experiences the dynamic development of the concept. Hamka is one of the scholars in Indonesia who discusses the concept of happiness, but Hamka has its own characteristics in explaining happiness. According to Hamka, happiness actually exists in every human being, happiness can be achieved from inside, not from outside, happiness that comes from outside of ourself is only as a complement to happiness inside, happiness can be achieved if humans always hone and develop tools which can be used to achieve happiness and these tools are religion, reason, and mind. These three things have a relationship with each other, if humans are able to develop these three things then humans can achieve happiness in their lives. In achieving happiness, these three things can be applied by using several methods namely zuhud, sincere, qana’ah and tawakal. The background of this research will explain the concept of happiness in the modern mysticism of Hamka. This research is a library research, and to make it more functional and useful, this paper will be equipped by a description method, interpretation and analysis of data in detail for each problem raised, therefore it can obtain a comprehensive understanding.
SOSOK RATU ADIL DALAM RAMALAN JAYABAYA
Authors: Fatkhan Muh
Published: June 2020

The doctrine of Ratu Adil or messias is actually not something new. In various cultures and social institutions, this kind of doctrine is often found, both within a religious framework and within a particular cultural framework. The belief in the arrival of a Ratu Adil is usually a form of opposition that arises naturally when a group of people experiences discrimination, oppression and social, cultural and political constraints. This Messianistic concept is usually in the form of predictions of the coming of a Savior. The following article tries to trace the figure of the Savior who is predicted to come by a king from Kediri who is quite well known and even he himself is also considered the Queen of Justice, namely Prabu Jayabaya.
A Strength and Weakness of Regression Analysis and Quartile and IQR Deviation by using Test- Driven Development
Authors: Myint Myint Moe Myint Myint Moe
Published: June 2020

Test-Driven Development (TDD) derives an evolutionary approach which needs unit test cases to be made before implementation of the code. The goal of this paper is to examine product code quality and programmer productivity using test-driven development approach. This paper establishes regression analysis and quartile & inter-quartile range deviation to evaluate the process effect on external code quality and developer productivity. The results of this paper are that if developer productivity is the actual effect, external code quality will be fewer decreased and external code quality is the actual effect if developer productivity will be fewer reduced. Test-Driven Development can produce the clear of code, simple and bug-release. Defect numbers decreased when automated unit tests are written iteration related to test-driven development. If necessary, the code refactoring is acted TDD. This proposed system evaluates regression analysis and quartile & inter-quartile range deviation based on a fixed time-frame.
Analysing the narrative and promises of 'avoided deforestation' implementation in Central Africa
Authors: Demaze M. Tsayem , Sufo-Kankeu R. , Sonwa D.J.
Published: June 2020

Projects aimed at reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) have expanded in Central Africa following carbon certification standards, which were intended to demonstrate the feasibility of payments and rewards earned depending on a measured quantity of avoided
deforestation. We used storytelling as a communication concept to analyse the narratives of five main certification standards that accompanied the implementation of REDD+ projects in Central Africa. Our analysis focuses on two storylines: the measurement of avoided deforestation, and payments
or rewards. The examination of official documents disseminated by certification standards and the results from a survey of REDD+ stakeholders highlighted a gap between these promises and reality. Our findings show that carbon standards have diffused an idyllic view of REDD+, simplifying methods
of measuring avoided deforestation and promising payments, co-benefits and sustainable development. Unkept promises result in disappointment and declining enthusiasm on the part of those involved in REDD+ projects at an early stage.
Forest management certification in the Americas: difficulties in complying with the requirements of the FSC system
Authors: Basso V. M. , Andrade B.G. , Jacovine L.A.G. , Silva E.V. , Alves R.R. , Nardelli A.M.B.
Published: June 2020

'Forest management' aims to maintain forests as producers of goods and services, while ensuring their conservation for future generations. Forest certification has become one of the most widely used mechanisms to encourage and recognize this 'forest stewardship', with the Forest Stewardship
Council (FSC) among the most well-known systems worldwide. FSC is widely used in several Management Units on the American Continent, which is home to large forest areas. Therefore, we evaluated the main difficulties in complying with the principles of the FSC standard in 18 American countries
based on verification of non-conformities generated in the process. The data were obtained from information contained in the certification audit reports available on the FSC official website, covering all organizations with valid certificates from 1995 to 2013. We found that the United States
presented the lowest mean of non-conformities per audit, which may indicate better capacity of managers to implement practices of its forestry activities. Regarding the deviation type, the United States and Canada presented higher indices in relation to the adequacy of the environmental impacts
(P6) of their activities. Meanwhile, the greatest non-conformities in the Central and South America countries occurred in the labor and social area (P4), followed by environmental issues (P6). All organizations presented some type of non-compliance with the criteria set by the FSC and needed
to adapt. The major difficulties encountered were related to compliance with environmental requirements. The need to implement corrective actions to maintain the certificate demonstrates a change of management influenced by the forest certification process, thus contributing to minimizing
socio-environmental impacts resulting from forest operations.
Review of China's forestry industry over the past 70 years and an outlook for the future
Authors: Zhang X. , Ke S. , Xu T. , Qiao D.
Published: June 2020

Since the founding of New China 70 years ago, China's forestry industry has reached important milestones. The country's total industrial output value has been increasing, structures have been continuously optimized, and emerging industries have developed rapidly. This paper initially
takes the construction of China's industrial system as its main focus and divides it into four stages based on data and policy documents: an initial period of industrial system establishment, a period of reform and exploration, a period of refinement and stabilization, and finally a period
of diversification and expansion. The paper then analyses important driving factors including policies and systems, investment and financing, international trade, technology and other impacts on China's forestry industry, and in turn builds a forestry industry drive path map. Finally, the
authors propose that China's future forestry industry will be ecological, green, modern, refined, multi-integrated and cross-composite.
Stochastic MMSIF of multiple edge cracks FGMs plates subjected to combined loading using XFEM
Authors: Lal Achchhe , Mishra Kundan
Published: June 2020

The second order statistics of multiple edge crack functionally graded materials (FGMs) under tensile, shear and combined loading assuming uncertain system parameters is presented in this paper. The uncertain parameters used under the present study are the material properties, and crack parameters such as crack length and crack angle. In this present analysis extended finite element method (XFEM) is used. The stochastic analysis is carried out using second order perturbation technique (SOPT) for the evaluation of mean and coefficient of variance (COV) of mixed mode stress intensity factor (MMSIF).
Comparison of two methods for determining Q95 reference flow in the mouth of the surface catchment basin of the Meia Ponte river, state of Goiás, Brazil
Authors: Honório Michelle da Silva , Pinheiro Roberta Vieira Nunes , Costa Isabella Almeida , Scalize Paulo Sérgio
Published: June 2020

The preferred data for analyzing water availability are those of historical flow series of the sources of interest; however, most Brazilian watersheds do not have sufficient fluviometric monitoring. Such cases require techniques for transposing data from one region to another, otherwise known as ‘flow regionalization’. The present work aimed to compare the method proposed by Secretaria de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável (SEMAD) of the state of Goiás with the traditional method of regionalization for determining reference flow at the mouth of the surface catchment basin of the Meia Ponte river. Data from eight fluviometric stations were used for regionalization, with the regression equations being adjusted using four different models. The result revealed that the potential and linear models performed the best, both with R2 and R2a values of 0.996 and 0.995, respectively. The relative error in the application of the potential model and of the method adopted by SEMAD were below 30%. The reference flows obtained by the two best performing methods differed, with flow determined by the traditional method being 5.93% lower than that of the SEMAD equation. Therefore, a more detailed study is recommended to determine which equation models better fit the region.
The effects of various parameters on the strengths of adhesives layer in a lightweight floor system
Authors: Karpiesiuk Jacek , Chyzy Tadeusz
Published: June 2020

The article presents the results of shear and tensile strength of deformable cement adhesives, reinforced by fiberglass mesh with a different weight in a lightweight floor system without screeds. The substrate under adhesive was EPS and XPS thermal insulation. Tests were carried out in dry, wet conditions as well as during freezing and thawing. On their basis, it can be concluded that the larger contact surface of the EPS thermal insulation with the deformable adhesive C2S1 increases the adhesive’s tensile strength. This surface is not important using C2S2 adhesives or when the substrate is made from rough insulation XPS. It was generally found that the higher weight of the fibreglass mesh in deformable cement adhesives has a more favorable effect on their shear strength. Water absorption does not significantly affect the adhesion of terracotta, and in some configurations of components in this system increases it. The adhesive with the symbol C2S2 compared to C2S1 has a higher tensile and shear strength using the same materials. Frost conditions do not allow for long-term use of this type of floor construction in snow and ice protection systems. This experimental research shows that an economical solution with optimal strength consists of XPS insulation, 205 g/m2 mesh, C2S1 adhesive.
On hyperquadrics containing projective varieties
Authors: Park Euisung
Published: June 2020

Classical Castelnuovo Lemma shows that the number of linearly independent quadratic equations of a nondegenerate irreducible projective variety of codimension c is at most

(

c
+
1

2

)

{{{c+1}\choose{2}}}

and the equality is attained if and only if the variety is of minimal degree. Also G. Fano’s generalization of Castelnuovo Lemma implies that
the next case occurs if and only if the variety is a del Pezzo variety. Recently, these results are extended to the next case in [E. Park,
On hypersurfaces containing projective varieties,
Forum Math. 27 2015, 2, 843–875]. This paper is intended to complete the classification of varieties satisfying at least

(

c
+
1

2

)

-
3

{{{c+1}\choose{2}}-3}

linearly independent quadratic equations. Also we investigate the zero set of those quadratic equations and apply our results to projective varieties of degree

≥

2
⁢
c

+
1

{\geq 2c+1}

.
The non-linear sewing lemma III: Stability and generic properties
Authors: Brault Antoine , Lejay Antoine
Published: June 2020

Solutions of Rough Differential Equations (RDE) may be defined as paths
whose increments are close to an approximation of the associated flow. They
are constructed through a discrete scheme using a non-linear sewing lemma.
In this article, we show that such solutions also solve a fixed point
problem by exhibiting a suitable functional. Convergence then follows from
consistency and stability, two notions that are adapted to our framework.
In addition, we show that uniqueness and convergence of discrete
approximations is a generic property, meaning that it holds excepted for a
set of vector fields and starting points which is of Baire first category.
At last, we show that Brownian flows are almost surely unique solutions to
RDE associated to Lipschitz flows. The later property yields almost
sure convergence of Milstein schemes.
Histone deacetylase 1 regulates the malignancy of oral cancer cells via miR-154-5p/PCNA axis
Authors: Lv Yuanjing , Lu Jinle , Liu Xin , Miao Susheng , Mao Xionghui , Li Baojun , Pei Rong , Xiang Cheng
Published: June 2020

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) can regulate the progression of various cancers, while their roles in oral cancer cells are not well known. Our present study found that the HDAC1 was over expressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and tissues. Targeted inhibition of HDAC1 via its specific inhibitor PCI24781 or siRNA can inhibit the proliferation of OSCC cells and increase their sensitivity to the chemo-sensitivity such as doxorubicin treatment. HDAC1 can regulate the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) via decreasing its mRNA stability. While over expression of PCNA can attenuate HDAC1 inhibition induced suppression of cell proliferation. We checked the expression of various miRNAs which can target the 3′UTR of PCNA. Results showed that HDAC1 can negative regulate the expression of miR-154-5p, inhibitor of miR-154-5p can attenuate PCI24781 treatment decreased PCNA expression and cell proliferation. Collectively, our present study suggested that HDAC1 can promote the growth and progression of OSCC via regulation of miR-154-5p/PCNA signals.
Indicators of nutritional status and physical activity level as factors associated with the onset of menarche of ten year old girls from Zadar county, Croatia
Authors: Samaržija Donata Vidaković , Mišigoj-Duraković Marjeta , Karamatić Lara Pavelić
Published: June 2020

Objectives

The aim is to determine the differences in nutritional status and level of physical activity (PA) of ten year old menstruating and non-menstruating girls.

Methods

On the sample of 208 girls, fourth graders of elementary schools in Croatia, the indicators of nutritional status were measured: body mass index(BMI), body fat % and waist to hip ratio(WHR), while the PA was assessed using PAQ-C questionnaire. Welch´s t-test was applied to establish the differences and multivariate regression analysis was applied to establish the relationships.

Results

Menstruating girls have significantly higher body mass (43.42 kg±8.31 vs. 38.64 kg±8.33), waist circumference (68.10 cm ± 9.86 vs. 62.22 cm ± 7.16), hip circumference (80.81 cm ± 7.24 vs. 76.63 cm ± 7.7), BMI (19.70 ± 3.42 vs. 17.74 ± 3.10), body fat % (28.05 ± 7.54 vs. 21.98 ± 7.67) and WHR (0.84 ± 0.06 vs. 0.81 ± 0.05) in comparison to non-menstruating girls, while non-menstruating girls have significantly higher PA level (2.93 ± 0.57 vs. 2.68 ± 0.57). The regression analysis have shown a significant relationship between body fat % and the onset of menarche (β=−0.23, SEβ=0.07, p<0.01).

Conclusions

Results show differences in the indicators of nutritional status of girls with regard to the status of maturity. Increased nutritional status and body fat % may be indicators of the accelerated developmental tempo and a determinant for the earlier onset of menarche.
Risk of eating disorders in university students: an international study in Hungary, Poland and Ukraine
Authors: Lukács Andrea , Wasilewska Małgorzata , Sopel Olha , Tavolacci Marie-Pierre , Varga Beatrix , Mandziuk Marta , Lototska Olena , Sasvári Péter , Krytska Halyna , Kiss-Tóth Emőke , Ladner Joël
Published: June 2020

Objective

In this international study, the prevalence of Eating disorders (EDs) was determined among university students and identified associated demographic and behavioral factors predicting disorders using data from three European countries.

Methods

The survey was conducted in Hungary, Poland, and Ukraine in 2018. Registered full-time students completed an online anonymous questionnaire. Students provided data about socioeconomic characteristics, body mass index (BMI), EDs, physical fitness and sport practice, psychological distress (stress, anxiety, depression), life orientation, alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 software.

Results

From the 1965 returned questionnaires 1950 were analyzed, because of the missing data (67.3% female, mean age of the total participant’s 21.40 ± 3.83 years old). EDs were observed in 26.3% of students. In logistic regression, EDs were predicted by female sex, higher BMI, single marital status, elevated psychological distress and limited access to health care.

Conclusion

EDs are relatively common in university students especially in females. Students with higher distress and BMI, limited access to health care and living without partner are at risk for EDs. This result highlights the need for a public health approach. Universities are the last chance where students can be screened in an organized setting and offer interventions early when treatment is likely to be most effective.
Use of modern contraceptives among advanced-level secondary school girls in the Rukwa Region, Tanzania, 2018
Authors: Massawa Otmar , Kazaura Method
Published: June 2020

Objectives

To determine contraceptive uptake, reasons for non-use and predictors of use.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study among girls in advanced-level secondary schools in the Rukwa region of Tanzania. Using probability proportional to size (PPS), we recruited a random sample of 660 girls out of 1447-targeted participants. A tool for data collection was a questionnaire. Data analyses included univariate analysis to describe study participants and Poisson regression analysis to assess the effect of independent factors to the dependent variable. A 5%-level of significance was used in multivariate analysis.

Results

More than 40% of the girls report being sexually active and only 25% reported current use of modern contraceptives. The main reported main method being use of male condoms (93%). Barriers for non-use of contraceptives included fear of side effects, fear of being perceived or labeled as promiscuous, inadequate knowledge about contraceptives and for religious reasons. The predictor for using modern contraceptives was attending class sessions about modern contraceptives.

Conclusions

Although girls in advanced-level secondary schools are sexually active, the use of modern contraceptives is still low. Girls report several barriers frustrating their intention to use contraceptives, mainly based on misconceptions and lack of knowledge.
Not just studies, but fitness can also get you the intelligence and the grades!!
Authors: Jain Sonam , Shimpi Apurv , Shyam Ashok , Sancheti Parag
Published: June 2020

Objectives

Physical fitness in children and adolescents determines their health status and predicts if they are prone to co-morbidities that may extend in adulthood. The initial literature on the benefits of being physically fit was limited to the musculoskeletal and cardio-respiratory systems. The recent trends have shown that physical fitness has an effect on the neurological system as well. Considering physical inactivity to be a problem in today’s world and the growing evidences on physical fitness being related to cognition and academic performance, there is a need to explore more on these relationships. Thus, this study aims to find the correlation between physical fitness with academic performance and cognitive functions in adolescent urban school children.

Hypothesis

There is an association between physical fitness with academic performance and cognitive function.

Methodology

Three hundred and ninteen children were approached out of which 107 children consented for assessment. Their physical fitness was measured using the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) test, the cognitive function was assessed using the Stroop test and the academic performance were taken from their final exam grades of 2019.

Results

A moderate positive correlation was found between physical fitness with cognitive function (r=0.528), with academic performance (r=0.545) and with self-reported physical activity per week (r=0.427). A fair negative correlation was found between physical fitness and Body Mass Index (BMI) (r=0.296).

Conclusion

This study confirms that physical fitness is positively associated with cognitive function, academic performance and self-reported physical activities and has a negative correlation with BMI.
Experiences of involvement processes during participation in cancer service user initiatives from an adolescent and young adult perspective
Authors: Hanghøj Signe , Pappot Helle , Hjalgrim Lisa Lyngsie , Hjerming Maiken , Visler Camilla Louise , Boisen Kirsten A.
Published: June 2020

Background

Service user participation contributes to the improvement of health care services for the betterment of conditions experienced by patients. However, there is a lack of knowledge about how adolescents and young adults (AYAs) experience involvement processes in practice and what it would take to achieve a high degree of involvement according to AYAs.

Objectives

To explore: (1) how AYAs with cancer experienced involvement processes during participation in three different service user involvement initiatives (development of an app, development of a book and youth panel meetings), and (2) AYAs' perceptions of determination and collaborative areas between AYAs and professionals.

Methods

Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 AYAs with cancer aged 16–29 who had participated in at least one of the service user initiatives in Kræftværket, a youth cancer support centre and social organisation located at Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark. We analysed data with thematic analysis.

Results

We identified three main themes with matching sub-themes: Working procedures (Agenda setting, Workflow, Dialogue), Knowledge sharing (AYAs' needs and ideas, Areas of expertise), Influence (Decisions, Ownership). Generally, the participants experienced an equal dialogue with professionals and felt they had the final say on decisions.

Conclusions

This study produced specific suggestions on how to involve AYAs to a high extent. Based on AYAs' own perceptions of involvement, AYAs', professionals' and shared determination areas were illuminated. Additionally, the AYAs highlighted how the professionals gave feedback during co-creation processes, which may inspire future service user involvement projects.
Exploring the phytochemical and nutraceutical potentials of dasapatrachurnam
Authors: Nadella Rasajna , Hernandez-Baltazar Daniel , Nannepaga John Sushma , Gorthi Balamani Venkata Annapurna , Martinez-Fong Daniel
Published: June 2020

Background

Dasapatrachurnam (DPC), a multicurative powder prepared from the leaves of 10 green leafy vegetables, was developed recently with known ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological significance. However, its functional role in curing a disease is not yet scientifically proven. The present study aims at performing the phytochemical screening of DPC and exploring its possible activity as bacteriostatic, antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory.

Methods

We performed qualitative and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to find out the presence of active compounds and tested the bacteriostatic activity in four bacterial strains namely Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus by agar well diffusion method. We further explored the antineoplastic activity in vitro in C6 and HEK293 cell lines by cell viability assay and the anti-inflammatory activity in the ovalbumin-induced inflammation in male Wistar rats.

Results

DPC showed 60% solubility in PBS and showed the presence of flavonoids and glycosides. FTIR results indicated the presence of alkyl, ketone and aldehyde groups. The bacteriostatic activity of DPC was higher (60%) in E.coli and lower (8%) in S.aureus, when compared to streptomycin. The anti-cancerous activity of DPC in C6 and HEK293 cancer cells was similar to their respective positive controls, curcumin and camptothecin. The anti-inflammatory activity of DPC was more evident with local administration in all the parameters studied in brain hippocampus, kidney, liver and spleen in ovalbumin-induced rats.

Conclusion

Our results, for the first time, suggest the potentiality of the DPC in treating bacterial diseases, cancer and also inflammation. Our results also suggest the possible therapeutic role of DPC in treating chronic kidney disease.
The Metabolomic study of Calotropis procera Ait. from Burkina Faso, based on chemical functional groups profiling using FTIR
Authors: Kinda Prosper T. , Nacoulma Aminata P. , Guenné Samson , Compaoré Moussa , Djandé Abdoulaye , Lagnika Latifou , Kiendrébéogo Martin
Published: June 2020

Background

C. procera is an important wild medicinal plant used in different area of Burkina Faso for the neuropsychiatric disorders treatment. It was reported to possess many pharmacological properties because of its phytochemical diversity. This study was carried out to identify possible specific chemical characteristics form C. procera leaves and root-bark samples, harvested in two regions of Burkina Faso, for a better selective use of specimens in traditional medicine.

Methods

Plant materials (leaves and root-bark) were collected from five sites in each region. Samples powders and extracts were mixed with potassium bromide for the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. A multivariate data analysis was performed to highlight differences in the FTIR spectral profile of samples. Therefore, phytochemical contents such as phenolics, flavonoids and terpenoids were evaluated with aqueous and methanolic extracts, using UV/visible light spectrophotometer method.

Results

Results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed a significant difference between leaves and root-bark spectral profile, independently to the region of collection. These profiles possess characteristic signals which could be exploited as biomarkers for plant organ discrimination. The phytochemical contents evaluation showed that C. procera leaves contain more significant phenolics, and root-bark possess more terpenoid compounds. This study of C. procera Ait. based on FTIR spectral characteristic and phytochemical content, suggest that terpenoids, notably cardenolide-type could be a good biomarkers for C. procera samples characterization and to explain root-bark therapeutic potential.
Synthetic biology open language visual (SBOL visual) version 2.2
Authors: Baig Hasan , Fontanarrosa Pedro , Kulkarni Vishwesh , McLaughlin James , Vaidyanathan Prashant , Bartley Bryan , Bhatia Swapnil , Bhakta Shyam , Bissell Michael , Clancy Kevin , Cox Robert Sidney , Moreno Angel Goñi , Gorochowski Thomas , Grunberg Raik , Luna Augustin , Madsen Curtis , Misirli Goksel , Nguyen Tramy , Le Novere Nicolas , Palchick Zachary , Pocock Matthew , Roehner Nicholas , Sauro Herbert , Scott-Brown James , Sexton John T. , Stan Guy-Bart , Tabor Jeffrey J. , Vilar Marta Vazquez , Voigt Christopher A. , Wipat Anil , Zong David , Zundel Zach , Beal Jacob , Myers Chris
Published: June 2020

People who are engineering biological organisms often find it useful to communicate in diagrams, both about the structure of the nucleic acid sequences that they are engineering and about the functional relationships between sequence features and other molecular species. Some typical practices and conventions have begun to emerge for such diagrams. The Synthetic Biology Open Language Visual (SBOL Visual) has been developed as a standard for organizing and systematizing such conventions in order to produce a coherent language for expressing the structure and function of genetic designs. This document details version 2.2 of SBOL Visual, which builds on the prior SBOL Visual 2.1 in several ways. First, the grounding of molecular species glyphs is changed from BioPAX to SBO, aligning with the use of SBO terms for interaction glyphs. Second, new glyphs are added for proteins, introns, and polypeptide regions (e. g., protein domains), the prior recommended macromolecule glyph is deprecated in favor of its alternative, and small polygons are introduced as alternative glyphs for simple chemicals.
The factorization and monotonicity method for the defect in an open periodic waveguide
Authors: Furuya Takashi
Published: June 2020

We consider the inverse scattering problem to reconstruct the defect in an infinite medium with periodicity in the upper half space from near field data.
This paper has two contributions.
Firstly, we mention that there is a mistake in the factorization method of the earlier paper [A. Lechleiter, The factorization method is independent of transmission eigenvalues, Inverse Probl. Imaging 3 2009, 1, 123–138] and give the correct one.
Secondly, we give two reconstruction algorithms for the unknown defect by a combination of the factorization method and the monotonicity method.
We also give numerical examples based on the former algorithm.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[triaqua-(μ2-1,4-di(pyridin-4-yl)benzene-κ2
N:N′)-(3′,5-dicarboxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3,4′-dicarboxylato-κO)nickel(II)], C32H26N2O11Ni
Authors: Chen Shi-Jun , Li Shi-Hui , Zhao Yan
Published: June 2020

C32H26N2O11Ni, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 19), a = 7.6085(5) Å, b = 23.5084(14) Å, c = 15.8052(9) Å, β = 94.207(6)°, V = 2819.4(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0571, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1285, T = 293(2) K.
The crystal structure of 5-bromo-2-fluoronicotinic acid monohydrate, C6H5BrFNO3
Authors: Cai Bin , Meng Yu-Ning , Zhu Meng-En , Yao Xi-Shuang , Chen Gang
Published: June 2020

C6H5BrFNO3, orthorhombic,P212121(no. 19),a= 3.9894(4) Å,b= 13.6128(11) Å,c= 14.7495(12) Å,V= 801.00(12) Å3,Z= 4,Rgt(F) = 0.0213,wRref(F2) = 0.0465,T= 150(2) K.
The crystal structure of fac-tricarbonyl(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2
N,N′)-(pyrazole-κN)rhenium(I)nitrate, C18H12O3N4Re
Authors: Ramoba Lesetja V. , Alexander Orbett T. , Visser Hendrik G. , Manicum Amanda-Lee E.
Published: June 2020

C18H12O3N4Re, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.3476(15) Å, b = 9.5742(17) Å, c = 12.435(2) Å, α = 87.606(5)°, β = 74.502(5)°, γ = 88.028(5)°, V = 956.6(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0213, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0523, T = 100(2) K.
Information management in the Intelligence Branch of Britain’s War Office, 1873-1914: ‘All information flows toward it, or returns to it, in a form worked up into shape’
Authors: Black Alistair
Published: June 2020

Intelligence has always been an aspect of organized warfare. It was not until 1873, however, that the British Army recognised this formally by establishing an explicitly named unit, under the auspices of the War Office, dedicated to the development of strategic intelligence: the Intelligence Branch. Based on documents held in the National Archives (UK), this study explores the ways in which the work of the Intelligence Branch developed before the First World War in response to imperial and foreign military challenges and the growing awareness of the importance of strategic intelligence and planning. The Branch’s steam-age origins should not disguise the intensity and sophistication of the information management that underpinned its operations. Attention is paid to the type of information management methods that were employed. The existence of a rational system of information management is revealed, consisting of planned phases for the collection, processing, storage, organisation, analysis and dissemination of information.
Touristische Beschilderung – Wahrnehmung und Erinnerung der touristischen Unterrichtungstafeln an deutschen Autobahnen
Authors: Groß Sven , Felser Georg
Published: June 2020

Es werden in den letzten Jahren immer mehr touristische Unterrichtungstafeln an deutschen Autobahnen aufgestellt. Diese sollen laut der Richtlinie für die touristische Beschilderung (RtB) zur Unterrichtung über touristisch bedeutsame Ziele dienen und eine hinweisende Funktion haben. Ob sie jedoch tatsächlich von den Autofahrern wahrgenommen werden und ob sich die Autofahrer an diese Schilder und die darauf abgebildeten Sehenswürdigkeiten, Städte und Landschaften erinnern können, wurde bisher nicht wissenschaftlich untersucht. Daher werden in der vorliegenden Untersuchung Ergebnisse aus 29 Leitfadeninterviews und 25 Erinnerungstests dargestellt, so dass erstmals Hinweise auf die zuvor aufgestellten Fragen gegeben werden können. Neben den inhaltlichen Ergebnissen wird auch der Erinnerungstest selbst auf seine Anwendbarkeit in der Tourismus- und Verkehrsforschung überprüft. Wichtige Ergebnisse der Untersuchung sind folgende: Eine Wahrnehmung der touristischen Unterrichtungstafeln ist (so gut wie) bei allen Probanden gegeben. Darüber hinaus ist bei fast allen Probanden eine freie („recall“) und gestützte Erinnerungsleistung beobachtbar. Die Teilnehmer können also gesehene von neuen Schildern unterscheiden, so dass die Fähigkeit zu diskriminieren, gegeben ist. Diese variiert jedoch bei den einzelnen Probanden, so dass es Personen gibt, die sich nicht bzw. kaum erinnern können und Personen, die sich stärker erinnern können und von sich selbst sagen, dass sie ein „fotografisches Gedächtnis“ haben.
Ad-hoc-Information der Anleger: Zwischenschritte und Compliance-Vorfälle als Insiderinformation
Authors: Leyens Patrick C.
Published: June 2020

Die Ad-hoc-Publizitätspflicht nach Art. 17 Abs. 1 MAR erstreckt sich auf Zwischenschritte. Bei Compliance-Vorfällen sind Zwischenschritte jedoch nur eingeschränkt steuerbar. Zur Vermeidung einer uferlosen Weite darf die Publizitätspflicht erst bei einem verlässlichen Verdachtsmoment (Probability/Magnitude) und nur bei Fundamentalwertrelevanz der Information einsetzen (verständiger Anleger). Ein Aufschub der Publizität nach Art. 17 Abs. 4 MAR sollte auf die zu erwartenden weiteren Zwischenschritte erstreckt werden dürfen. Offene Fragen betreffen die Organisationspflichten, Wissenszurechnung und die Konzerndimension der Publizitätspflicht.
Transparenzregister über Beteiligungen und treuhänderische Gestaltungspraxis
Authors: Tebben Joachim
Published: June 2020

In Umsetzung der 4. EU-Geldwäscherichtlinie wurde in Deutschland das Transparenzregister eingeführt, das seit dem 1.1.2020 von jedermann eingesehen werden kann. Das Transparenzregister enthält Angaben zu den wirtschaftlich Berechtigten von juristischen Personen und anderen eingetragenen Gesellschaften. Hierzu zählen diejenigen natürlichen Personen, in deren Eigentum oder unter deren Kontrolle die transparenzpflichtige Gesellschaft letztlich steht. Diese der Bekämpfung von Geldwäsche und Terrorismusfinanzierung dienende Neuerung trifft auf eine Gestaltungspraxis, die seit jeher das Gestaltungsmittel der Treuhand am Gesellschaftsanteil nutzt, wenn sich jemand aus legitimen Gründen an einer Gesellschaft beteiligen möchte, ohne dass dies nach außen erkennbar wird. Seit Einführung des Transparenzregisters wird kontrovers diskutiert, ob ein nur mittelbar über einen Treuhänder an einer Gesellschaft beteiligter Treugeber als wirtschaftlich Berechtigter im Transparenzregister einzutragen ist. Der Beitrag wird zeigen, dass die gegen eine Transparenzpflicht von Treuhandverhältnissen geltend gemachten Argumente sämtlich nicht tragfähig sind und gestalterisch kaum Möglichkeiten bestehen, die Transparenz zu vermeiden. Damit ergibt sich, dass der Kautelarpraxis durch eine gemessen am Regelungszweck weit überschießende Regulierung die Treuhandbeteiligung an Gesellschaften als althergebrachtes Gestaltungsmittel für das legitime Anliegen einer nach außen nicht erkennbaren Beteiligung aus der Hand genommen wurde.
Der Diffusionsthermoeffekt in vielkomponentigen Isotopengemischen
Authors: Waldmann Ludwig
Published: June 2020

Die Thermodiffusionskoeffjzienten von vielkomponentigen Isotopengemisehen können aus dem Temperatureffekt der Diffusion entnommen werden, wenn die mittleren Molekulargewichte vor und nach der Mischung bekannt sind; die Kenntnis der genauen Isotopenzusammensetzung ist nicht erforderlich
Über Phosphatase
Authors: Ohlmeyer Paul
Published: June 2020

Eine Dialysierapparatur nach dem Gegenstromprinzip wurde enwickelt. Die Dissoziationskonstante der Verbindung Prostataphosphatase-Glycerinphosphorsäure hat bei 37° und PH 4,5 den Wert 4,7 . 10-3. Die Hemmung dieser Phosphatase durch Fluorid wird durch Magnesiumsalz vergrößert; sie beruht auf der reversiblen Bildung von wirkungslosem Phosphatase-Magnesium-Fluorid. Die Dissoziationskonstante dieser Verbindung hat bei 37° und PH 4,5 den Wert 4,6. 10-9. Die Fluoridliemmung wird auch durch Salze von Ca, Zn, Cd, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni und Cu vergrößert. Die Phosphatase des Harns und der Prostata wird, vor allem nach kathodischer Dialyse, durch Magnesiunisalz aktiviert. Muskelphosphatase, die bei 4,5 wirksam ist, wird durch Magnesiumsalz stark aktiviert. Aktivierung der Phosphorylase der Hefe durch Mangansalz ist noch in der Salzkonzentration 10-6 Mole/Liter nachweisbar. Die untersuchte Phosphatase ist empfindlich gegen ultraviolettes Licht. Die Lösung zeigt während der Bestrahlung eine Zunahme der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit, die keinen Gang mit der Fermentinaktivierung aufweist. Aus Adenosintriphosphorsäure wird durch das Ferment die Phosphorsäure quantitativ abgespalten. Das Prostataferment katalysiert die Synthese von Glycerinphosphorsäure aus Alkohol und Säure. Das synthetische Produkt wurde als krystallisiertes Bleisalz isoliert. Es bestand zur Hälfte aus a-Ester, der optisch inaktiv war. Die Synthese ist abhängig von der Wasserstoffionenkonzentration; sie tritt bei PH 6 ein, bei PH 4 nicht. Die Gleichgewichtskonstante von Glycerinphosphorsäure hat bei 20° und pH 5,8 den Wert 1,8. Aus der Änderung der Gleichgewichtskonstante mit der Temperatur errechnet sich für Zimmertemperatur eine molare Spaltungswärme von - 1300 cal. Die calorimetrische Messung der Spaltungswärme ergab - 1300 cal pro Mol. Aus dieser Übereinstimmung folgt ein echtes Gleichgewicht, eingestellt durch das Ferment als echten Katalysator. Aus den Gleichgew'ichtsversuchen wTird geschlossen, daß das HPO4- lon die Reaktionsform der Phosphorsäure in der enzymatischen Synthese ist.
Unregelmäßige Chromosomenverteilung durch eine Mutation bei Ephestia kühniella Z
Authors: Kühn Alfred , Woywod Dore-Li
Published: June 2020

Die unvollständig dominante Mutation Mo bewirkt unregelmäßige Chromosomenverteilung, meist in einer der ersten embryonalen Teilungen. In dem reinen Stamm entstehen etwa 20% Mosaiktiere, meist Halbseitenmosaiks, die verschieden helle Flügelschuppen haben. Im Mittel ist die eine Seite gegenüber der Flügelhelligkeit der gleichseitigen Tiere des Stammes aufgehellt, die andere verdunkelt. Nach Einkreuzung spalten verschiedene rezessive mutierte Allele nicht gekoppelter Gene mosaikhaft heraus. Mo bewirkt also die unregelmäßige Verteilung verschiedener Chromosomen. Das auf der einen Seite ausfallende Chromosom kann ganz verloren gehen oder der anderen Seite zugeteilt werden. Auch zweifach monosome Flügel können entstehen
Entorno virtual e-evaluaciones como herramienta de gestión en grupos numerosos
Authors: Espino Román Piero , Olaguez Torres Eugenia , López Hernández Ricardo Alonso , Vásquez Martínez Claudio Rafael
Published: June 2020

En este artículo se presenta el desarrollo de un entorno virtual de e-evaluaciones para la administración de evaluaciones y seguimiento del rendimiento académico de los estudiantes en grupos numerosos, aplicado en una prueba piloto en la unidad académica de ingeniería mecatrónica de la Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, México. El desarrollo del entorno virtual de e-evaluaciones consiste en el uso del framework de modelo-vista-controlador, CodeIgniter desarrollado por EllisLab, al mismo tiempo se utilizó Bootstrap un framework desarrollado dentro de la compañía Twitter con el objetivo de estandarizar las herramientas que se utilizan en el desarrollo del front-end.  Los resultados obtenidos permiten observar un incremento en la interacción sincrónica y asincrónica entre docente y estudiante en un entorno virtual e-evaluaciones; por su  parte de los docentes se midió y se observó un ahorro en el  tiempo destinado a realizar la evaluación en grupos numerosos, se realizó la evaluación a través de una administración personalizada de cada uno de los estudiantes, por otro lado el entorno virtual hizo partícipe al estudiante de su propia evaluación y retroalimentación,  la experiencia en el uso del entorno virtual dicha por los alumnos, fue positiva dado que les permitió desarrollar la evaluación de una manera interactiva en un menor tiempo. Como conclusión se obtuvo que el entorno virtual e-evaluaciones aporta elementos que promueve el seguimiento y monitoreo de los resultados de la evaluación.