bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O abastecimento de água no Brasil
Authors: Rückert Fabiano Quadros
Published: December 2020

O artigo apresenta o resultado de um estudo bibliográfico sobre a história do abastecimento de água no Brasil. Partindo de um conjunto de doze textos (dez dissertações e duas teses) procedentes de Programas de Pós-Graduação em História, o artigo identifica aspectos relevantes para a construção de um conhecimento histórico sobre o tema; analisa procedimentos metodológicos presentes nas obras e trata das fontes documentais usadas pelos historiadores que elegeram o abastecimento de água como objeto das suas investigações. Os critérios aplicados para a seleção da bibliografia, as prioridades definidas e as limitações da abordagem adotada são descritos na Introdução do artigo. Posteriormente, a segunda seção apresenta um panorama da historiografia do abastecimento de água no Brasil com ênfase nas fontes documentais pesquisadas pelos historiadores. Na sequência, a terceira seção concede uma especial atenção para as escalas espaciais e a quarta trata dos recortes cronológicos presentes no conjunto dos textos acadêmicos selecionados.
Biopolítica na epidemia de Covid-19 no Brasil (2020)
Authors: Oliveira Leandro Vilar
Published: December 2020

Neste artigo analisou-se a epidemia de Covid-19, no Brasil, abordando desde seu início diagnosticado no final de fevereiro até os fins de agosto, quando se nota um forte declínio na manutenção das medidas para o combate à doença. Para a coleta de dados recorreu-se a artigos científicos sobre a epidemia, informes oficiais publicados pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) e dados produzidos pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Além dessas fontes, recorremos a publicações jornalísticas para conhecer a repercussão da doença. Para realizar o estudo, analisamos algumas das decisões adotadas pelo Governo Federal e Estaduais e sua repercussão no país, focando em compreender com a população reagiu a tais medidas concebidas para esse momento de crise. Abordando os problemas políticos e sociais da implementação das políticas públicas de saúde. Diante disso, adotamos o uso dos conceitos de biopolítica e biopoder, do filósofo francês Michel Foucault, aplicando suas ideias ao contexto brasileiro, mostrando um desentendimento quanto a perceber a biopolítica como algo positivo ou negativo. E nesse ponto recorremos a autores como Agamben, Boaventura dos Santos, Žižek, Safatle e Mbembe para dialogar a respeito das intenções políticas por trás da epidemia. Onde chegamos à conclusão de que a doença foi tratada em vários momentos como uma teoria da conspiração, farsa, sensacionalismo midiático e uma disputa política entre Direita x Esquerda.
Black American Colonization in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Agostinho Marcia Esteves
Published: December 2020

In the 1860s, when post-emancipation debates reached transnational significance, Brazil and the United States were the only two countries in the Americas where slavery was still legal. While Brazil was recognized as a place where “colour is no obstacle to advancement” (CHRISTIE, 1865, 78), the United States witnessed the emergence of the belief that “the races cannot live together in a state of freedom” (WEBB, 1853).  Considering that context, the fortuitous encounter of a New York Times article from 1862 aroused my curiosity for it reported a project to transplant Afro-descendants from the United States to the Brazilian Amazon. Such a project remained virtually ignored by the Brazilian historiography, except for the book published by Nícia Vilela Luz in 1968, denouncing the American intentions to colonize the Amazon. Although the so-called “negro colonization” project never yielded an official proposition to the Brazilian government, it still deserves examination.  I argue that, in the present context of global exchanges and migrations, this historical event gains new relevance.  The intention of transferring an entire category of the population from one national territory to another raises questions about citizenship and national sovereignty.  At the same time, it opens the opportunity for a transnational approach that can illuminate otherwise unseen aspects of migrations.
O material manipulável em conversões entre representações do número racional e suas implicações nos fenômenos de não congruência e heterogeneidade dos sentidos
Authors: Melo Wellington José de Arruda , Teles Rosinalda Aurora de Melo
Published: December 2020

Este texto é um recorte da pesquisa desenvolvida no Programa de Pós Graduação em Educação Matemática e Tecnológica da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (EDUMATEC-UFPE), cujo objetivo foi investigar, à luz da Teoria dos Registros de Representação Semiótica de Raymond Duval, limites e possibilidades no uso de material manipulável concreto em conversões entre representações de números racionais. Um experimento piloto, com a utilização de quatro materiais desse tipo, integrou o percurso metodológico e resultou na escolha do Material Dourado Adaptado para o aprofundamento da análise e a conclusão do trabalho. Neste recorte, o foco será a discussão das implicações da utilização desse material manipulável concreto e da regra de correspondência a ele associada nos exercícios de conversões entre representações semióticas do número racional no que concerne aos fenômenos de não congruência e heterogeneidade dos sentidos. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram que a mediação do material dourado adaptado reduziu as dificuldades causadas pela mudança no sentido e pela variação de congruência e não-congruência nas conversões propostas. Demonstraram ainda que a aplicação da regra de codificação associada ao manipulável no caminho resolutivo pode ser aplicada a estas conversões não importando o sentido em que estejam.
Tandem Nanobody: a feasible way to improve the capacity of affinity chromatography
Authors: Fu Jinheng , Huang Yunxiang , Zhong Yinfeng , Shuai Wenyuan , Zhang Hang , Li Yanping , He Qinghua , Tu Zhui
Published: December 2020

Nanobodies, referred to the binding domain of the heavy-chain-only
antibodies, are the smallest antigen recognition unit. The molecular
weight of monomeric nanobodies is about one-tenth of the conventional
antibodies. The small size of nanobodies facilitates genetic
manipulation and recombinant expression. This study aimed to investigate
the effects of nanobody multivalency on the binding capacity of affinity
resin. The nanobody (namely AFV), which binds to the fragment
crystallizable (Fc) region of immunoglobulin G (IgG), was fused to the
N-terminal of HaloTag in the form of monomeric (H-AFV), dimer (H-diAFV),
trimer (H-triAFV), and tetramer (H-tetAFV). The fusion proteins were
solubly expressed in Escherichia coli yielding at least 9.9 mg L-1. The
biolayer interferometry confirmed an increment of avidity as the
increase of AFV valences. The four recombinant proteins in crude cell
lysate were site-specifically immobilized onto the Halo ligand resin via
the self-labeling HaloTag, respectively. The generated affinity resins
were able to isolate high purity IgG from mouse plasma. An improvement
of 73.7% of the static binding capacity was achieved by the H-diAFV
resin as compared to the H-AFV affinity resin.
Intratympanic gentamicin injection in Ménière’s disease: our experience and outcomes
Authors: Filosa Barbara , Trusio Antonio , Malafronte Giuseppe
Published: December 2020

Title: Intratympanic gentamicin injection in Ménière’s disease: our
twelve years’ experience and outcomes. Objective: The aim of our study
is to evaluate the effectiveness of intratympanic gentamicin
injection(ITG) on vertigo control with reduced doses and its hearing
effects. Study design: Retrospective study Materials and Method: The
study was conducted at our Otolaryngology Department of AORN “S.G.
Moscati” between January 2005 and January 2015 on 72 patients with
disabling unilateral Meniere’s disease treated with ITG. We use 0.2-0.3
mL of gentamicin sulfate at a concentration of 40mg/ml, injected into
the affected ear through the posterior-inferior quadrant of the tympanic
membrane. The procedure was carried out for three following days. Main
outcome measures: vertigo control and hearing threshold changes after
ITG treatment. Results: In the 98.6% of the patients (n=71) the ITG
produced the full remission of the vertiginous symptoms. In the 91.6%
of cases(n=66) a single treatment (three consequent injections) was
sufficient to control vertigo, in the 5.5% of cases (n=4) two
treatments were necessary to control vertigo and in the 1.3% of
patients(n=1) three treatments were necessary to control vertigo. In no
case we have had hearing loss after ITG procedure. The pre-treatment
pure tone average was 48 db. The post-treatment pure tone average was
49.2 db. This difference was no statistical difference. Conclusion: In
this study we reported high vertigo control, long follow-up and no case
of significant hearing worsening. We consider the three injections in
the following three days with low doses of gentamicin a safe and valid
treatment for Meniere’s disease. Keyword : Meniere’s disease,
intratympanic gentamicin injection, vertigo control, hearing worsening,
aminoglycoside ototoxicity.
Properties of the Composites Made of Glauconite and Polyaniline in Aqueous Solutions of Phosphoric Acid
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 6, Kyryla & Mefodiya St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine, Nesterivska Solomiia , Makogon Victoriia Makogon ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 6, Kyryla & Mefodiya St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine, Yatsyshyn Мykhaylo ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 6, Kyryla & Mefodiya St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine, Saldan Ivan ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 6, Kyryla & Mefodiya St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine, Reshetnyak Oleksandr ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 6, Kyryla & Mefodiya St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine, German Nestor ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 6, Kyryla & Mefodiya St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine, Stadnyk Yurii ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 6, Kyryla & Mefodiya St., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Properties of the Composites Made of Glauconite and Polyaniline in Aqueous Solutions of Phosphoric Acid
Influence of Polymer-Silicate Nucleator on the Structure and Properties of Polyamide 6
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Levytskyi Volodymyr ,   The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 14, Al. Racławickie, 20-950 Lublin, Poland, Masyuk Andrii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Katruk Diana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Kuzioła Rafał ,   The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 14, Al. Racławickie, 20-950 Lublin, Poland, Bratychak Jr. Mykhailo ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Chopyk Nataliia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Khromyak Ulyana ,   Lviv State University of Life Safety, 35, Kleparivska St., 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Physico-chemical properties of developed nickel-containing modified silicate materials as the nucleators for composites based on polyamide 6 are presented. As it was established, additive of the nucleator modified by polyvinylpyrrolidone promotes the increase of crystallinity degree of polyamide 6 and the decrease of crystallite size. It was found that changes in the structure of the material cause the increase of its tensile strength, surface hardness and Vicat softening point.
Chemical Composition and Hydraulic Properties of Incinerated Wastepaper Sludge
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Sobol Khrystyna , Solodkyy Serhiy ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Petrovska Nadiya ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Belov Sergiy ,   SC “Kyiv Cardboard and Paper Mill”, 130, Kyivska St., 08703 Obukhiv, Ukraine, Hunyak Oleksii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Hidei Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The hydraulic properties of ash from incinerated wastepaper sludge were investigated. It is shown that the phase composition of wastepaper sludge after heat treatment is similar to the classical fired carbonate-clay mixes. The necessity of using the combination of retarding admixtures with different action mechanism is shown. The strength in the initial hardening period is ensured by the formation of AFm-phases and ettringite, and subsequently by increasing the role of CSH.
Application of Response Surface Method to Copper Cementation by Metallic Aluminum Particles
Authors:   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, İnönü University, Malatya, 44280, Turkey, Demirkɪran Nizamettin , Özdemir G. Deniz Turhan ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, İnönü University, Malatya, 44280, Turkey, Dardağan Merve ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, İnönü University, Malatya, 44280, Turkey
Published: December 2020

In the present study, the interactive effects of the process variables containing copper concentration, temperature, and time on the efficiency of copper cementation by metallic aluminum particles were examined by using response surface methodology (RSM). It was observed that the efficiency of cementation increased with an increase in the initial concentration of copper, temperature and time. The multiple regression analysis to the experimental data was applied to see the interactive effects of process variables. The second-order polynomial equation was obtained. The optimal values were found to be 0.075 mol/l, 303 K, and 90 min to maximize the amount of the deposited copper.
Mathematical modeling of stationary thermoelastic state in a half plane containing a periodic system of cracks due to periodic local heating by a heat flux
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Zelenyak Volodymyr , Kolyasa Liubov ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Klapchuk Myroslava ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2020

Purpose. To determine the two-dimensional thermoelastic state in a semi-infinite solid (half-plane), weakened by a system of periodic internal cracks under conditions of local heating on the edge of the half plane. Heat flux due to frictional heating on the local area of the body, causes changes in temperature and stresses in the body, which significantly affects its strength, as it can lead to crack growth and local destruction. Therefore, the study of the problem of frictional heat is of a practical interest. This paper proposes to investigate the stress-deformed state in the vicinity of the crack tip, depending on the period of cracks placement. Methodology. The methods for studying two-dimensional thermoelastic state of a body with crack as stress concentrators are based on the method of complex variable function. Reducing the problem of stationary heat conduction and thermoelasticity to singular integral equations (SIE) of the first kind, the numerical solution by the method of mechanical quadrature was obtained. Findings. In this paper, we present graphical dependencies of stress intensity factors (SIF) at the crack tip on the angle of orientation and on the relative position of cracks. The obtained results will be used later to determine the critical value of the intensity of the local heat flux from equations of limit equilibrium at which crack growth and the local destruction of the body occur. Originality. The originality of our solution lies in the fact that the new two-dimensional problems of heat conduction and thermoelasticity for a half plane containing a periodic cracks due to local heating by a heat flux are obtained. Practical value. The practical value is the ability to extend our knowledge of the real situation in the thermoelastic elements of engineering structures with cracks that operate under conditions of heat stress (frictional heat) in various industries, particularly in mechanical engineering. The results of specific values of SIF at the crack tip in graphs may be useful in the development of sustainable modes of structural elements in terms of preventing the growth of cracks.
Microstructure and microhardness of nickel-base heat-resistant alloys obtained by directional and equilibrium crystallization
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Trostianchyn Andriy , Shvachko Serhii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kulyk Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Pleshakov Eduard ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Molkov Yuriy ,   Karpenko Physico-mechanical Institute of the NAS of Ukraine, Lenkovskiy Taras ,   Karpenko Physico-mechanical Institute of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

In order to determine the safe operational life of the components of gas turbine engines (GTE), introductory tests of nickel-base heat-resistant alloys (NHRA) have been performed. X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction analyzes, optical microscopy and Vickers hardness measurements provided data on the phase-structural state and mechanical properties of the pristine ZhS6K-VI and ZhS32-VI alloys obtained by equilibrium and high-speed directional crystallization, respectively. Almost complete compliance of the investigated materials with the certified alloys in chemical and phase composition has been found. A significant difference in the parameters of the fragments of the microstructure of the investigated alloys, which is naturally consistent with the conditions of equilibrium and high-speed directional crystallizations, was revealed. A slightly lower anisotropy of microhardness (2.8 %), measured in transverse and longitudinal sections, was found in the ZhS6K-VI alloy as compared to the anisotropy (5.1 %) in the ZhS32-VI alloy. The obtained results will be used to test a non-destructive method for determining the safe operational life of gas turbine engine components.
Analysis and improvement of design diagrams and mathematical models of vibratory lapping machines
Authors:   ISKRA PJSC, Zakharov Viktor , Kuzio Ihor ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Korendiy Vitaliy ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Dmyterko Petro ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2020

Problem statement. The development of energy-efficient and high-performance vibratory lapping machines demands the improvement of their design diagrams and calculation techniques. Purpose. The main objectives of this research consist in detailed analysis of existent design diagrams and mathematical models of vibratory lapping machines; designing the three-mass hanger-type structures of such machines providing circular oscillations of laps; derivation of differential equations describing the motion of their oscillatory systems. Methodology. The technique of the research is based on fundamental concepts of engineering mechanics, strength of materials and theory of mechanical vibrations. Findings (results). The improved design diagrams of vibratory lapping machines with circular oscillations of laps are proposed and the corresponding differential equations describing the motion of the working elements are derived. Originality (novelty). The mathematical model of circular oscillations of the three-mass mechanical oscillatory system of vibratory lapping machine is developed. The possibilities of performing the double-side lapping of cylindrical and prismatic parts are considered. Practical value. The results of the performed investigations can be used during creating new designs and improving existent structures of vibratory finishing machines for lapping flat surfaces of cylindrical and prismatic parts. Scopes of further investigations. In further investigations, it is necessary to perform the numerical modelling of the system’s motion using the derived differential equations, and to compare the obtained theoretical results with the results of experimental investigations.
Determination of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns between Different Strains of Propionibacterium Acnes
Authors: N. Yusufu, W. , O. Suleiman, H. , Y. Akwa, V. , L. David, D. , A. Taiga,
Published: December 2020

Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) isolated in infections of deep tissues was originally thought to be as a result of improper sterilization of skin and hence contamination of medical processes with this commensal/ normal flora of the skin. P. acnes has latter been identified as the principal agent responsible for the progression of some deep tissue diseases. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns between different strains of P. acnes was determined. Ten (10) P. acnes clinical isolates of infections were considered, two (2) from acne vulgaris and eight (8) [two (2) per recA types 1A1, 1B, II and III] from lumber herniation tissues. Antibiotic susceptibility of some antibiotics was also determined and resistance to tetracycline was seen in 1 isolate, trimethoprim (1 isolate) and weak activity seen in 5 isolates. Heteroresistance to rifampicin was witnessed among 6 isolates. Upon four days of incubation, no inhibition of the bacterial growth by tetracycline in isolate 1(III). Isolate 17(1B) had no inhibition from trimethoprim. There was low inhibition of P. acnes by this antibiotic in isolates 71(IA1), 82(IB), 55(II), 1 (III) and 64(III). Amoxicillin and rifampicin created greater zones of inhibition among P. acnes isolates. Erythromycin was the next most inhibiting antibiotic with greater inhibition zones. Although Rifampicin had large inhibition zones, heteroresistance was observed among isolates 82(IB), 24(II), I (III), 17(IB), 55(II) and 71(IA1) as colonies were observed growing within the zones after 4 days of incubation. The antibiotics resistance expressed in the study were seen displayed among the lumber disc herniation isolates only with none involving acne vulgaris isolates. This study supports the theory that most P. acnes isolates in deep tissues exhibit higher rate of antibiotic resistance. P. acnes hence might be named the etiological agent of foreign-body infections like infections of indwelling medical devices.
Efficient and Selective Catalytic N-Glycosilation, by NP/ SnCl₄ in HMDS or BSA Under Eco-Friendly Conditions
Authors: Ouzebla Driss
Published: December 2020

The 1-O-acetyl-2, 3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranosides are synthesized by the coupling of sugar and silylated nucleobase. All these derivatives are synthetized using NP/SnCl4 as cartalyst.
Modelling Alternatives for Highland Soil Structural Degradation and Erodibility, Bui Plateau, Cameroon
Authors: Fokeng Reeves M. , Fogwe Zephania N. , Yemelong Nadine T.
Published: December 2020

Highland triggers of soil physical degradation through the fragilisation of soil aggregates are primarily factors of soil biochemistry and anthropogenic mishandling of land resources. Soil degradation forms are challenging the sustenance of human systems on earth. This study probes into soil physical degradation and exposure to external stressors using 60 soil samples collected and analysed for soil aggregate stability, vulnerability and erodibility to determine soil structural stability/resilient capacity. The soils were found to be stable in structure, but highly vulnerable to stress and erodible. Coarse-granitic sandy soils just as the less evolved erosion soils of the eastern slopes of the plateau were proven to be most erodible and vulnerable to physical degradation. Soil Structural Stability Index (ISS) was very low (≤ 4.3%: severe physical degradation) for disturbed soils under grazing with similar tendencies on cultivated humid volcanic soils. High erosion vulnerability/erodibility soils are indicative of low organic matter and organic carbon content issuant of heavy and uncontrolled grazing, annual biomass burning and long-term cropping without soil improvement schemes which calls for guided land use practices over the Bui Plateau.
The Concept of “Zemsky Sobor” in the Interpretation of State Authority in Russia of the 19th Century: From Karamzin to Stepnyak-Kravchinsky
Authors: Badalyan Dmitry A.
Published: December 2020

“Zemsky Sobor” was one of the key concepts in Russian political discourse in the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. It can be traced to the notion well-known already since the 17th century. Still in the course of further evolution it received various mew meaning and connotations in the discourse of different political trends. The author of the article examines various stages of this concept configuring in the works of the Decembrists, especially Slavophiles, and then in the political projects and publications of the socialists, liberals and “aristocratic” opposition.
Parliament as the Foreign Policy Actor: the Resources of the Parliamentary Diplomacy
Authors: Ananyev Boris I. , Parenkov Daniil A.
Published: December 2020

The aim of the article is to show the role of parliament in the foreign policy within the framework of the conservative school of thought. The authors examine both Russian and Western traditions of conservatism and come to the conclusion that the essential idea of “the rule of the best” has turned to be one of the basic elements of the modern legislative body per se. What’s more, parliament, according to the conservative approach, tends to be the institution that represents the real spirit of the nation and national interests. Therefore the interaction of parliaments on the international arena appears to be the form of the organic communication between nations. Parliamentary diplomacy today is the tool that has the potential to address to the number of issues that are difficult to deal with within the framework of the traditional forms of IR: international security, challenges posed by new technologies, international sanctions and other.
Russian Society and the Three Decades of National Parliamentarism
Authors: Makarkin Alexey V.
Published: December 2020

The Russian Parliament is often considered to be an unpopular authority, though on closer examination it becomes evident that the situation is more complicated than it could seem at first glance. The popularity of State Duma during the presidency of Vladimir Putin is really inferior to the popularity of the President, still the attitude to the State Duma as the instrument of power depends greatly on the actual political state of affairs and the state of public opinion, and has changed in different times. At the same time the reaction of the society to the lawmaking process may be of more fundamental character. The conservative style of behavior of the Russian people in recent years has substantially changed their attitude to the law, and can be viewed as an important new factor of public opinion. We could speak about such social phenomenon as “new conservatism” that is more related to the style of life than to the political choice, when this style is targeted to the “normality” demonstrated in the concern for the personal and family health and welfare, and respect for the law, even if the law is not perfect, as the necessary tool for the defense of the citizen’s interests. Such conservatism favors the growth of the “Yedinaya Rossia” (“United Russia”) party rating, but doesn’t exclude the possibility of those conservatives voting for non-conservative parties, depending on the sympathies and current political challenges.
F.M. Dostoevsky and A.I. Solzhenitsyn: Continuity of Ideas in Publicism
Authors: Kruglikova Olga S. , Shapovalova Ksenia A.
Published: December 2020

he article analyzes the ideological and stylistic continuity of the journalistic works of F.M. Dostoevsky and A.I. Solzhenitsyn. On the basis of their common ideological constants - anti-rationalism, approval of the religious worldview and Christian anthropological pessimism - both thinkers built socio-political concepts of national conservative type. The ideological close parallels between the reflections of the prophet of post-reform Russia and the philosophical quest of one of the most ambitious writers of Russia after the collapse of the former statehood and the birth of the new one, profoundly demonstrate the patterns of cyclically repeated historical processes.
Political Project and Flaws of the Socialist System Criticism: A.I. Solzhenitsyn vs I.A. Efremov
Authors: Chernyakhovskaya Yulia
Published: December 2020

The article offers comparative analysis of the biography and work of the two famous Russian writers, philosophers and public figures – I.A. Efremov (1908–1972) and A.I Solzhenitsyn (1918–2008), whose political activity started in 1950-iess. and continued throughout the second half of the 20th century. 2018 was the anniversary year for both thinkers as that year we celebrated the centenary of A.I. Solzhenitsyn and the 110th anniversary of I.A. Efremov. Both thinkers professed the ideology of statism and conservatism and represented two schools of Soviet philosophy; they became leading figures in the directions featured in their creative work. At the same time their views on the goals of literature and public work were diametrically opposite, and the present article is devoted to the study of the present issue.
Solzhenitsyn and the Country. Evaluation of the Rejection
Authors: Chernyakhovsky Sergey F. 
Published: December 2020

lmost all estimates of the figure of Alexander Solzhenitsyn are not related to literary criticism. Most studies evaluate his role, intentions and results. His figure is assessed in the context of the fate of the country, public perception and attitude to the country, which is Motherland for some, and mental and political enemy for the others. And for this purpose it is not even important who is right from the historical and political point of view. The point is who and how perceived the USSR and the entire Soviet project. Solzhenitsyn is seen as the enemy of the USSR and the Soviet project by those who popularized and helped him, and also according to his self-evaluation. Therefore, for those who identify themselves with the Soviet Union, its heritage and the entire Soviet project Solzhenitsyn represents the enemy and bearer of evil. For those who are hostile to the Soviet Union and the Soviet project, Solzhenitsyn is an ally in their struggle and bearer of good. Which of these parties is right is the issue of history and morality. 66% of Russian citizens support the first point of view, and the second point of view is supported by 25% of the population. Nowadays 88 % of Russian citizens know who Solzhenitsyn was. 31% consider him to be moral authority for them. 8% of the people believe that Solzhenitsyn presented true facts in his books.
Daily Routine, Food and Faith. To Yu.F. Samarin’s Thesis on “Formalism” of the Church Life in the Pre-Petrine Period
Authors: Utkin Abbot Vitaly
Published: December 2020

With reference to Yu. F. Samarin’s thesis on “Formalism” of the Church Life in the Pre-Petrine Period, the article examines the issue of the role of fasts, eating patterns and daily routine in general among most radical groups of Old Believers. The author of the article draws the conclusion that such conceptions were rooted in the Pre-Nikon Russian religious (monkish) traditions. The author pays special attention to the social and political aspect of the connection between food and payer for the Tsar in the context of the “spiritual Antichrist” teaching.
The Memory about Yury F. Samarin and his Heritage in the Last Quarter of the Nineteenth and the Early Twentieth Century: Constructing the Image of a Thinker
Authors: Medovarov Maxim V.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the constructing of the image of Yury F. Samarin in the Russian public consciousness from the moment of his death in 1876 to the revolution of 1917. Attention is paid to the collection of speeches in his memory. The book by Peter Linitsky and the polemics of Vladimir Solovyov and Dmitry Samarin about Slavophilism are analyzed with reference to the heritage of Yuri Samarin. The author also analyzes the appraisal of the thinker by other conservatives, primarily on the materials of “Russkoe Obozrenie” (“Russian Review”) journal. He comes to the conclusion that the heritage of Yuri Samarin was studied only fragmentary by the beginning of the 20th century, and his image in the Russian public consciousness was not yet fixed and clearly defined.
“My Power is in My Infirmity”: Illness and Death of Yu.F. Samarin
Authors: Skorokhodova Svetlana I.
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the insufficiently known topic of the disease and death of Y. F. Samarin, a great Russian philosopher, ascetic and warrior, politician and scientist. On the basis of the extensive archival materials the author of the article presents the events panorama that allows to reconstruct certain fragments of Samarin’s life. According to the author, the strongest aspects of Samarin’s personality, supported by his belief in bodily resurrection, were revealed in the face of bodily affliction and death. His love for congenial people, relatives, and Russia dominated all the other feelings of the philosopher both during his life and at the time of his departure. The article shows that something mysterious and undisclosed still remains in Samarin s death.
Samarin – the Turn of Russian Thought to Its Roots
Authors: Girenok Fedor I.
Published: December 2020

In the article the author analyzes the reversion of Russian thought to its original roots. The starting point of such turn can be considered the research and studies of Yu. F. Samarin. Before Samarin Russian thinkers usually addressed European sources in their work. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that Samarin was the first to make Russian thought to resort to its own roots That turn served as the basis for the creation of Russian philosophy that is characterized by the subjectifying thinking and personal world outlook rather than objectifying thinking and conceptual framework. Samarin was greatly influenced by the revision of Baltic governorates in Russia.In the article the author also examines discussions between Kavelin and Samarin and remarks on the fruitfulness of the idea of a collegial individual. Samarin understand the inner (subjective) essence as a complex connection of the external relations of the people united by one and the same idea.
Yu.F. Samarin and Discussions on the All-class Zemstvo in the Works of Russian Conservatives in Post-reform Russia
Authors:  Saevskaya Maria A.
Published: December 2020

Local self-administration was introduced in Russia by the Tsar Alexander II “Liberator” in 1864 and became one of the most important political events in the Russian Empire of that time. The new reform immediately sparked vigorous discussions on how exactly the Russian Zemstvo should be organized. The question of the role and importance of classes in Zemstvo institutions became most important. The Russian conservatives were also looking for the answer. Some of them considered that it was necessary to defend the old imperial order and the dominant role of the nobility, others hoped that Zemstvo would become a nationwide force based on the principle of the participation of all classes. Yu. F. Samarin, Zemstvo leader, Slavophil and the author of the most prominent project on the history of Zemstvo in Russia, supported the second alternative. He consistently criticized the idyll of the nobility domination in Zemstvo, asserted the ability of the peasants for self-government, and supported introducing the principle of all-classes representation in Zemstvo institutions of the Russian empire.
A Python application to generate digital signals
Authors: MĂLIN Tatian-Cristian , NEDELCU Dorian , GILLICH Gilbert-Rainer
Published: December 2020

We introduce in this paper an application developed in the Python programming language that can be used to generate digital signals with
known frequencies and amplitudes. These digital signals, since have known parameters, can be used to create benchmarks for test and numerical simulation.
Prediction of power cables failures using a software application
Authors: PREDUȘ Marius Florian , SPUNEI Elisabeta , ROȘU Monica
Published: December 2020

Marius Florian Preduș, Elisabeta Spunei*, Monica Roşu
This paper analyses the electrical performance of power supply cables in operation by investigating previous faults and forecasting faults using the Easyfit Professional 5.6 software program. The calculation of the maximum operating time until the first fault occurs is based on an algorithm for estimating the parameters entered in the application, respectively the intervals of good operation time between two successive faults. The case study presented in the paper analyses the probability of failure of a medium voltage power line, under the administration of a distribution operator, based on information collected during maintenance work on medium and low voltage installations in the analysed area.
Study of the influence of intermittent motion on the orientation kinematic precision of a double harmonic transmission
Authors: IANICI Sava , IANICI Draghița
Published: December 2020

The paper presents a method and an experimental installation, designed by the authors, for determining the orientation kinematic precision of a double harmonic transmission (DHT). The influence of repeated stops and then continued motion on the orientation kinematic precision of the DHT was researched. The study of the orientation kinematic precision of DHT was performed by taking into account 5 torque steps of DHT, at a constant speed of the driving shaft and maintaining its same direction of rotation. Experimental investigations have shown that the instantaneous transmission ratio of the DHT does not vary significantly from its nominal value and that the orientation kinematic precision of DHT decreases with increasing transmission torque.
Heat absorption and Hall current effects on unsteady MHD flow past an inclined plate
Authors: KUMAR Gaurav , RIZVI S.M.K. , KUMAR Amresh
Published: December 2020

In the present paper, we study the effect of heat absorption on unsteady flow of a viscous, incompressible, electrically conducting fluid past an impulsively started inclined plate with variable wall temperature and mass diffusion in the presence of transversely applied uniform magnetic field and Hall current. Earlier we analyzed the effects of radiation and chemical reaction on MHD flow past a vertical plate with variable temperature and mass diffusion. We had obtained the results which were in agreement with the desired flow phenomenon. To study further, we are changing the model by considering heat absorption on fluid, and changing the geometry of the model. Here in this paper we are considering the plate positioned inclined from vertically plane and impulsively started with velocity u0. The temperature of plate and the concentration level near the plate is increase linearly with time. The governing equations involved in the present analysis are solved by the Laplace-transform technique. The results obtained have been analyzed with the help of graphs drawn for different parameters like thermal Grashof number, mass Grashof Number, Prandtl number, permeability parameter, Hall current parameter, heat absorption parameter, magnetic field parameter and Schmidt number. The numerical values obtained for skin-friction and Nusselt number have been tabulated. The results are found to be in a good agreement and the data obtained is in concurrence with the actual MHD fluid flow phenomenon.
DIDACTIC MODEL OF COMPETENCE-BASED TEACHING LEGAL ENGLISH
Authors: HARUTYUNYAN ARUSYAK
Published: December 2020

The expansion of international relations and opportunities of an attractive work prospective for a future specialist create favourable conditions for those graduates wo master modern foreign languages. In this contect, the article discusses the increase in the effeciency of teaching English in the higher educational institution and development of a new and effective methodological system for teaching English to future lawyers.
CENTRALIZED, PARRALLEL, AND DISTRIBUTED INFORMATION PROCESSING DURING COLLECTIVE SENSEMAKING
Authors: KRAFFT PETER , ZHOU KAITLYN , EDWARDS ISABELLE , STARBIRD KATE
Published: December 2020

Widespread rumoring can hinder attempts to make sense of what is going on during disaster scenarios. Understanding how and why rumors spread in thesecontexts could assist in the design of systems that facilitate timely and accurate sensemaking. We address a basic question in this line: To what extent does rumor evolution occur (1) through reliance on a centralized information source, (2) in parallel information silos, or (3) through a web of complex informational interactions? We develop a conceptual model and associated analysis algorithms that allow us to distinguish between these possibilities.
CONCEPT OF CYBERSPACE AND THE INTERNET AS A FACTOR OF RADICAL TRANSFORMATION
Authors: HARUTYUNYAN MANUK
Published: December 2020

The article considers the problems of global information which is acquired via computer, social networks, the Internet and cyberspace. The main focus of the study is the disclosure of the complex and contradictory nature of the impact of the Internet on transformation processes of modern societies.
VARIOUS SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACHES ?? THE ISSUE OF SOCIAL TRUST
Authors: ALLAHYARAHMADI R.
Published: December 2020

Social trust, as an outstanding component of social capital, has interested classical theorists of sociology for a long time, but in the last decades, as a result of particular social processes and social concepts it became more and more significant. In sociological studies, the concept of “Social trust” is considered at low, medium and high levels, as referred in this article.
PSYCHO- LINGUODIDACTIC PROBLEMS OF TEACHING LITERARY UKRAINIAN TO PRIMARY GRADE STUDENTS IN TERMS OF DIALECTAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Lavrenova M.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of formation orthoepic Ukrainian literary language skills of primary school pupils living in the conditions of dialectal environment. It was determined that the successful training of Ukrainian literary language to a large extent depends on the mutual influence of languages used by children in the early school. Psycholinguistic bases of forming cultural speech of primary pupils are analysed. The effectiveness of pedagogical conditions of formation primary pupils’ speech culture in the native language lessons was theoretically proved.
EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG SOCIAL BENEFITS, ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORK DEPENDENCY, SATISFACTION, AND YOUTH?S HABIT FORMATION
Authors: TRAN VAN-DAT , HUYNH NGOC DOAN TRANG
Published: December 2020

Online social network is one of the biggest Internet phenomenon, which has attracted the interest of many marketers and psychologists who wanted to understand social network users? behavior. Recognizing the lack of theoretical and empirical attention that has been given to this field, especially in Vietnam market, this study was conducted to examine the relationships among social benefits, online social network dependency,satisfaction, and youth?s habit formation in the context of Facebook. The findings of the study of 200 Facebook users indicated that the interrelationship among four factors of social benefits, online social network dependency, satisfaction, and habit formation affect each other. Indeed, dependency on online social network among the youth whose age ranged from 16 to 24 years old is significantly affected by social benefits factor and leads to the formation of habit. In addition, satisfaction plays a role in determining habitual Facebook use. This paper discusses theoretical and practical implication in marketing and psychology field.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL-ROLE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITY
Authors: CHILINGARYAN LUSINE
Published: December 2020

To lead, means to assess the psychological dynamics of the members of the organization in time, set specific tasks for them, regulate interactions between them, stimulate the working mood between them, affect the appearance of opinions, on the processes of formation of goals and trends of the latter. Effective managerial activity is directly influenced by the components of the psychological structure of the leader, which have a significant importance for the social-role characteristics of its action.
Transdisciplinary Approach in Modern Psychology
Authors: GUSELTSEVA Marina
Published: December 2020

The paper looks at key transformations of the contemporary situation requiring new methodological strategies in psychology, and evolution of science in the 20th century from interdisciplinary to trans-disciplinary. The latter takes the form of a strategy for analyzing complex and dynamic phenomena with the help of combined methods and contextual application of research optics borrowed from related disciplines. Methodologically trans-disciplinarily serves as the basis for the integration of cognitive practices and research techniques, development of the holistic outlook, with the expansion of intellectual capacity as its educational side-effect. Conceptually trans-disciplinarily is expressed in several interpretations. Piaget, one of the founders of the approach, viewed it as a higher and more complex stage of integration of knowledge than interdisciplinarity. Contemporary interpretations of trans-disciplinarily vary from emphasizing the fluidity of cognitive space to general principles of cognitive activity seeking mathematical expression. The trans-disciplinary start of contemporary science is characterized by the fact that each discipline is viewed as both a sovereign and open system; development of cognition takes place in the antinomies of tradition and innovation: changes and breakthroughs happen by means of borrowing experience from related disciplines while preserving own scientific identity. Key characteristics of trans-disciplinarily are cognitive movement through disciplines; transparence of disciplinary boundaries: the dissolution of dominant paradigms. Human life space in a transitive society, which is variable, multi-dimensional and complex, can only be understood on the basis of comparison and integration of knowledge within the framework of the transdisciplinary approach.