bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El burlador de Sevilla, don Juan antes del mito
Authors: Zamorano Heras Miguel Ángel
Published: October 2020

Es posible suponer que muchos lectores tengan una idea del donjuanismo derivada de otras versiones y orquestada en la sensibilidad de otras preocupaciones y épocas. Sorprende constatar que aquello que atrajo posteriormente el interés de escritores y públicos de diferentes tradiciones literarias no coincida con lo que su primer autor quiso tratar, es decir, que la erotomanía compulsiva de un personaje que expresa paradójicamente la inconstancia y la imposibilidad de amar, asunto tan atractivo para la mentalidad contemporánea, no fuera una pieza original ni el tema vertebral ni un fin en sí mismo, sino un medio para teatralizar otras preocupaciones como la impunidad del poderoso, el buen gobierno de la república, la corrupción de los jóvenes nobles y la salvación de las almas. En este artículo comentaré algunos aspectos de este clásico de la dramaturgia, con el propósito de despertar en el lector no especializado el interés por sus temas conexos y el complejo intertexto, tanto sincrónico como diacrónico, en el que inevitablemente se inserta su interpretación: el teatro español del Siglo de Oro y el contexto sociopolítico de la época.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------O BURLADOR DE SEVILHA, DON JUAN ANTES DO MITOÉ plausível supor que muitos leitores possuam uma ideia do dom-juanismo derivada de outras versões e orquestrada na sensibilidade de outras preocupações e épocas. Assombra constatar que aquilo que atraiu posteriormente o interesse de escritores e públicos de diferentes tradições literárias não coincida com o que seu primeiro autor quis tratar, isto é, que a erotomania compulsiva de um personagem que expressa paradoxalmente a inconstância e a impossibilidade de amar, assunto tão atrativo para a mentalidade contemporânea, não foi na peça original nem o tema vertebral nem um fim em si mesmo, senão um meio para teatralizar outras preocupações como a impunidade do poderoso, o bom governo da república, a corrupção da juventude nobiliária e a salvação das almas. Neste artigo comentarei alguns aspectos deste clássico da dramaturgia, com o fim de despertar no leitor não especializado o interesse por seus temas conexos e o complexo intertexto, tanto sincrônico quanto diacrônico, em que inevitavelmente se insere sua interpretação: o teatro espanhol do Século de Ouro e o contexto sociopolítico da época.---Artigo em espanhol. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2017n43a938.
Os corvos de Púchkin: a tradução da tradução
Authors: Vólkova Américo Ekaterina
Published: October 2020

A história das traduções de Aleksandr Púchkin no Brasil, bem como a dos estudos puchkinianos, evidencia lacunas existentes nessas áreas, principalmente no que diz respeito a sua herança poética. Em seguida, dedico-me ao caso particular do poema de Púchkin Os corvos (1828), uma tradução livre das baladas escocesas The three ravens e The twa Corbies, publicadas por Walter Scott em 1802-1803. A análise semântica do poema demonstra transformações significativas em relação às baladas originais. Por sua vez, a consciência sobre a origem folclórica do poema puchkiniano predestinou muitas das escolhas feitas por tradutores brasileiros, Boris Schnaiderman e Nelson Ascher. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2017n43a952.
O ponto de vista do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo sobre Saussure
Authors: Leite Evandro Gonçalves , Pereira Regina Celi Mendes , Barbosa Maria do Socorro Maia Fernandes
Published: October 2020

Passados cem anos da publicação do Curso de Linguística Geral, os estudos linguísticos têm voltado atenção para a importância e a relativa atualidade do pensamento de Ferdinand de Saussure para a consolidação da linguística como ciência e para disciplinas nesse campo científico. Este trabalho, nessa direção, tem o objetivo de apresentar algumas contribuições do pensamento de Saussure para o Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo, especialmente na explicação do desenvolvimento humano. Consiste numa revisão bibliográfica de textos representativos do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo que tratam da ressignificação e da integração de teses saussurianas a esse quadro teórico. Os textos apontam que há um processo de (re)descoberta de textos fundamentais de Saussure (manuscritos e notas), que, conjuntamente aos já largamente conhecidos, como o Curso de Linguística Geral, têm provocado reavaliações e ampliações de algumas de suas teses, relacionadas à linguística da fala, à língua como sistema social e, sobretudo, ao signo linguístico, suas características e seu papel no desenvolvimento humano nos planos filogenético e ontogenético. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2017n44a1005
Sobre recepções, heranças e encontros: Uma resenha de “Saussure e Benveniste no Brasil”, de Valdir do Nascimento Flores
Authors: Knack Carolina , Oliveira Giovane Fernandes
Published: October 2020

Resenha do livro:FLORES, Valdir do Nascimento. Saussure e Benveniste no Brasil: quatro aulas na École Normale Supérieure. São Paulo: Parábola Editorial, 2017. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2017n44a1020
“Walahé!”; “You should have seen it”: Validating the Truth of Wartime Absurdities in Ahmadou Kourouma’s Allah is Not Obliged
Authors: Addei Cecilia
Published: October 2020

Ahmadou Kourouma’s Allah is Not Obliged is a fiction based on the civil wars in the West African countries of Liberia and Sierra Leone as a result of the breakdown of democracy. It employs the point of view of a child narrator, Birahima, a literalist picaro, to narrate wartime atrocities. The novel, mainly a satire, employs the devices of irony and humour that allow Birahima to present his world, which is turned upside down, and morality, reversed, in a way that makes the reader laugh in spite of the horror. The reality of Birahima’s wartime experience, which has left him in a kind of developmental “limbo”, is difficult to believe to be true. However, he makes every effort in his use of language to prove the truthfulness of the absurdity he narrates. This paper considers how the protagonist/narrator Birahima’s entry into war leaves him in an absurd, cyclical limbo while he resorts in frustration to validate his absurd experience through appealing to God, folk wisdom and dictionaries.---Original in English.---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2018n45a1097.
'Amerika', de Franz Kafka: de pai para filho
Authors: Pimentel Davi Andrade
Published: October 2020

Este artigo analisa, no romance O desaparecido ou Amerika, de Franz Kafka, a configuração da lei paterna enquanto sistema opressor que julga e sentencia o filho segundo uma lei-conceito predefinida, que acaba por tornar esse julgamento uma ficção. Dois territórios democráticos, um utópico e outro real, apresentam-se como o cenário do julgamento, da sentença e do castigo do filho. Diante da lei do pai, o filho não dispõe de nenhuma possibilidade de escolha, pois se encontra enredado em um pecado original que, antes de sua própria existência, já o tinha sentenciado como culpado. No desenvolvimento deste artigo, três narrativas curtas de Kafka são apresentadas como exercício de reflexão sobre essa lei paterna autocrática, são elas: A metamorfose, O veredicto e Carta ao pai. Textos de Jacques Derrida, “Préjugés: devant la loi”, e de Jacques Rancière, “O continente democrático”, dão a este artigo uma estrutura teórica pela qual a lei paterna kafkiana pode ser pensada. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2018n45a1066.
O poeta insone
Authors: Alves Fabio Cesar
Published: October 2020

O objetivo do artigo é o de compreender, por meio da análise do poema “Campo, chinês e sono”, de A rosa do povo (1945), a maneira pela qual Carlos Drummond de Andrade responde, crítica e criativamente, às composições cabralinas de Pedra do sono, pautadas pela tentativa de dessubjetivação e esquecimento de si. Para esse fim, o texto se vale da correspondência entre os autores e de formulações teóricas do próprio Cabral. A resposta poética e política de Drummond em “Campo, chinês e sono”, no qual se pressente utopicamente a construção de uma sociedade justa e emancipada, permite repensar também a suposta intransitividade de alguns dos poemas herméticos de A rosa do povo. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2018n45a1086.
'A melhor parte de mim'. As epístolas matrimonias de Pêro Andrade Caminha
Authors: Shibata Ricardo Hiroyuki
Published: October 2020

Em dois momentos particularmente impressionantes da história da epistolografia, Pêro Andrade Caminha (1520-1580), um dos mais importantes poetas da Literatura Portuguesa do século XVI, escreveu sobre o casamento cristão. Tratava-se de uma nova temática na qual Caminha emulava e expandia o modelo horaciano das epístolas em verso. As duas cartas de Andrade Caminha – a primeira, endereçada a Alexandre Farnese e a segunda, a D. Miguel de Noronha – tomaram como referência o epitalâmio, um gênero literário dedicado aos noivos. A partir disso, é possível investigar a concepção da temática do casamento como verdadeira amizade e, em perspectiva complementar, a poesia como valor aristocrático e espiritual. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2018n45a1028.
Língua: cognição e usos
Authors: Kenedy Eduardo , Donazzan Marta
Published: October 2020

Apresentação à Gragoatá 46.  ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2018n46a1228
Orações causais e estrutura informacional da sentença
Authors: Rodrigues Patrícia
Published: October 2020

Este trabalho investiga as orações causais do português brasileiro introduzidas por porque. O objetivo principal é mostrar que, para obter-se uma análise adequada dessas orações, é necessário levar em conta a estrutura informacional da sentença. Em geral, assume-se implicitamente que as orações causais próprias com porque são sempre focalizadas, e, por esse motivo, são analisadas como orações subordinadas de predicado. Este artigo mostra que é possível atribuir diferentes estruturas informacionais a essas construções: ou (i) a construção causal é associada a uma única estrutura foco-pressuposição, em que a oração subordinante veicula a pressuposição, e a oração causal, o foco; ou (ii) a construção causal pode ser associada a duas estruturas foco-pressuposição distintas. Argumenta-se que, enquanto a análise como subordinada de predicado se aplica corretamente aos casos descritos em (i), essa análise não é adequada aos casos descritos em (ii). Conclui-se que a oração causal nesses casos deve ser analisada como uma oração subordinada de frase. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2018n46a1135
A vitalidade identitária de contornos entonacionais característicos do falar manezinho
Authors: Seara Izabel Christine , Sosa Juan Manuel , Oliveira Roberta Pires de
Published: October 2020

Este artigo descreve um contorno entonacional que particulariza uma variedade dialetal - o falar manezinho - e aventa a hipótese de “interface" entre prosódia e semântica/pragmática em que um mesmo contorno prosódico é associado a diferentes significações pelo manezinho e pelo não manezinho. Seara e Sosa (2017), estudando o falar manezinho, observaram um contorno declarativo com upstep em falantes mais velhos (acima de 50 anos) ainda não descrito na literatura. Esse contorno apresenta, no núcleo entonacional, um pico bastante alto seguido por uma drástica queda na parte inferior do registro do falante ((LH) ¡H*L% - representação fonológica do pitch apoiada na teoria métrica autossegmental (PIERREHUMBERT, 1980; entre outros). Essa investigação mostrou que, embora os mais jovens produzam o contorno com upstep, esse contorno apresenta uma subida não tão alta quanto a exibida pelos mais velhos. Realizamos um teste de discriminação com os contornos com upstep com características similares às dos sujeitos mais velhos e, com um teste de identificação, averiguamos o valor semântico-pragmático desses contornos. O teste de discriminação mostrou que o contorno com upstep tem vitalidade entre os mais jovens, mesmo que apresente uma subida não tão relevante quanto à apresentada pelos mais velhos. O teste de identificação mostrou que contornos com upstep mais proeminente foram identificados pelos ouvintes não manezinhos como uma pergunta (17%); no entanto, nenhum ouvinte manezinho compreendeu que estava diante de uma pergunta. Esses resultados parecem sugerir que há indícios de que se trata de duas variedades distintas e requer o aprofundamento das análises. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2018n46a1098
A mitologia do ornamento e a “lição” do animal: Humboldt nas cataratas do Orenoco
Authors: Pinto Lúcia Ricotta Vilela
Published: October 2020

O presente texto consiste em uma versão adaptada da apresentação que fiz durante o Seminário Monstruosas Organizações em 2017, em que retomo análises sobre o americanista Alexander von Humboldt. Existem passagens de seu Quadros da Natureza em que se constatam camadas de um discurso antropológico, quando o ornamento das urnas funerárias indígenas é visto em favor de um foco nas linhas de contato da natureza e cultura, para se transformarem na orquestração de uma mitologia interna à fantasia humana. No entanto, para além da escavação humboldtiana de um “pensamento selvagem” por meio das condições simbólicas do ornamento, há uma camada abafada em sua perspectiva antropológica que marca, no espaço colonial, uma ambivalência. Graças ao papagaio que Humboldt encontra nas cataratas do Orenoco, a língua dos extintos índios aturianos ganha contorno, constituindo os acordes do que se poderia chamar “lição” do animal. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2018n47a1212
O 'médio' e o monstro: Hibridismo mínimo em 'Effi Briest', de Theodor Fontane
Authors: Bonomo Daniel
Published: October 2020

Mediante uma leitura de Effi Briest, de Theodor Fontane, o ensaio discute a possibilidade do hibridismo romanesco num estado de evidência mínima. Pressupondo que a afirmação do romance no século XVIII e suas crises no XX expuseram um número considerável de formas narrativas heterogêneas, lê-se por oposição o modelo realista histórico, entre esses dois momentos, como uma espécie de assentamento normativo que admite, entretanto, o sentido de uma antinorma para um gênero ele próprio não normativo. Assim, argumenta-se que Effi Briest, no desenvolvimento pleno da literatura realista, expõe, tanto no plano formal como no conteudístico, um controle exemplar do irrompimento monstruoso associado ao hibridismo e à heterogeneidade, para adquirir uma dimensão crítica nesse território do médio que, em parte, circunscreve o romance oitocentista em tempos de epopeia burguesa. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2018n47a1145
Responsabilidad de los administradores en las Entidades Sin Ánimo de Lucro (ESAL)
Authors: González-Robles Mariela
Published: October 2020

Non-Profit Organizations (NOPs) were created to benefit vulnerable communities; their proper functioning is their administrators’ responsibilities. Nevertheless, how far does the responsibility of an administrator of this type of entity go? This article analyzes the regulations that govern commercial firms and NPOs, as well as the scope, particularities and interpretations that frame the responsibility of the administrators of Non-Profit Organizations. Regulating NPOs and their representatives is an example case in which analogy offers solutions to regulatory gaps and helps to harmonize the branches of law for the organizations’ benefit and their purpose.
Economía Social de Mercado versus capitalismo rentista
Authors: Resico Marcelo F.
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo es un estudio comparado de tres modelos de organización económica: economía de mercado “des-regulada”, capitalismo de Estado y la economía social de mercado. El primer y el segundo modelo son analizados como caminos que conducen, paradójicamente, en una dirección similar, hacia un capitalismo rentista. Por contraposición, se presenta el enfoque de la ESM como un modelo alternativo, constituido por un marco institucional que propone prevenir o combatir conductas de tipo rentista. Entendemos que la región Latinoamericana vive una coyuntura histórica que, a pesar de los desafíos estructurales y de un contexto internacional con altas dosis de incertidumbre y riesgos, luce como propicia para discutir nuevos conceptos capaces de armonizar crecimiento económico y desarrollo social.
The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic with Hidradenitis suppurativa Being Treated with Adalimumab: Evidence from Real-World Data
Authors: M Turkmen
Published: October 2020

Background: There is uncertainty concerning the outcome of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infections in patients who are receiving adalimumab for hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) treatment. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effect of adalimumab in HS patients during COVID 19 outbreak. Methods: We performed a retrospective observational analysis of the moderate-to-severe HS patients under adalimumab therapy, with reporting the number of patients hospitalized or who died from COVID 19 infection between 13 March 2020 and 31 July 2020. Results: Eighty nine patients who continued their therapy during pandemic were evaluated retrospectively. There were no cases of death from COVID-related disease in our study population or patients hospitalized for COVID-related disease. Conclusions: We suggest continuing the treatment of ADA in HS patients, under COVID-19 pandemic.
Development of Radio Propagation Path Loss Model for Kaduna Town, Nigeria Using GMDH Algorithm
Authors: Abdullahi Z. M. , Okereke O. U. , Isa A. I. , Ozovehe A.
Published: October 2020

Radio propagation measurement were acquired at the 900 MHz and 1800 MHz frequency bands from six (6) live base stations (BS1 to BS6) in Kaduna town, Nigeria using an Asus Zenfone enhanced with a network monitoring software (Network Cell Info Lite). The receive signal strength (RSS) measurements were taken from the BSs at a distances of 200 m apart (in dB) until the signal faded out and the measurements were taken for twelve (12) calendar months which covered all seasons of the year, the corresponding path loss were calculated which were subsequently used to develop a propagation path loss prediction model with the Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) algorithm. However, the results obtained shows very small variations between the model fit (which was the best fit curve from the measured data) and the predictions (which is the forecast). Hence, since the variations between the model fit and the predictions are not wide, with sometime the values of prediction being better than that model fit, the GMDH model is showing good prediction for Kaduna metropolis.
Determinants of Hungarian negotiators’ trust-level
Authors:   Department of International Studies and Communication Széchenyi István University, Gyor, Hungary, Szoke Julia
Published: October 2020

Trust is considered to be an essential element of effective business relationships. However, it is not easy to build trust as it varies from culture to culture which aspects influence trust-level. Therefore, the purpose of the paper is to discuss the importance of trust in cross-cultural business contexts from Hungarian negotiators’ viewpoint as well as to reveal the factors that determine their trust-level. This provides the originality of the paper, since no research like this has been conducted so far. To achieve this purpose, an assumption was formulated and tested using data deriving from a two-phase research. In the first phase, a questionnaire survey was carried out to assess the importance of trust in cross-cultural business contexts, and then structured interviews were conducted to reveal the determinants of the respondents’ trust-level. The findings show that the factors related to the relationship (e.g. previous experience, duration of the relationship, frequency of the contacts) determine the respondents’ trust-level the most, however, the role of stereotypes is also important. It is also revealed that the potential consequences of the low level of trust include more regulations, more misunderstandings, and changed behaviour and attitude. The paper concludes that even though stereotypes are not the most determining factors, their role is remarkable. The paper also formulates some practical implications, namely that Hungarian negotiators should use stereotypes accurately to avoid behaviours that diminish trust, and foreign businesspeople should be aware of the fact that stereotypes sometimes determine their Hungarian partners’ attitude and trust-level.
Saudi Aramco’s IPO: The motivational factors involved in the purchase of Saudi Aramco shares
Authors:   College of Business Administration, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia, Mehrez Khadija , Hamid Lubna ,   College of Business Administration, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia, Medabesh Ali ,   College of Business Administration, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia, Nesreen Ghousia ,   College of Business Administration, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
Published: October 2020

This study investigates the main reasons behind the purchase of Aramco shares. It examines whether the following financial variables: financial literacy, financial self-efficacy, financial behavior and financial perceived value influence the attitude towards Saudi Aramco's IPO. Other variables dealing with environmental concerns and patriotism perception were added to this analysis, making it one of the pioneer studies in this field. A primary data collection through a survey questionnaire and structural equation modeling (SPSS-AMOS-26) were followed to study our research hypotheses. Our findings highlight a significant relationship between patriotism level, environmental concerns and attitude towards Saudi Aramco's IPO, which may encourage financial institutions to slot this investors’ psychosocial side in their marketing strategy, making environment sustainability a part of their corporate identity. Our study will also open the way for further investigation on the role played by these variables on financial decision making and to what extend a financial organization can use them to enhance its performance and gain investors’ attention.
The Noir Landscape of Dublin in Benjamin Black’s Quirke Series
Authors:   Universidad de Huelva, Pérez-Vides Auxiliadora
Published: October 2020

This article offers an examination of Benjamin Black’s Quirke series through an ecocritical lens. Set against the backdrop of 1950s Dublin, the texts feature a pathologist who investigates the murder of the victims that end at the morgue of the Holy Family Hospital. I contend that by exhaustively mapping the city through its crimes, the author hints at the far-reaching web of criminal actions executed and sanctioned by different agents of authority and violence. Similarly, I also claim that the author consistently draws on the notions of coexistence and interdependence to construct the personality of the protagonist, as the narrator insists on this growing indignation and cynicism towards the connected artefacts of dominance that inhabit the city. Consequently, the novels suggest that relationality and interdependence should involve untangling that net of power and control so as to negotiate social responsibility and create a climate of greater justice and solidarity.
An Arabic text as content in an Indonesian EFL setting: Trans-language
Authors: Aini Safi
Published: October 2020

Maynard and Furlong (1995) state that teaching materials should be something that students can relate to, and that occupy students’ interests. They assert that teachers must recognise what students already know about material to be learnt, and introduce teaching material which students are somewhat familiar with. This study was conducted at an Islamic school where the English teachers fostered a culture of English learning using content embedded in Islamic theme. This was manifested in Arabic textbooks, which were used as a resource for learning English, and as a basis for translation and communicative language activities. The purpose of this study is to examine learners’ perceptions about the use of Arabic texts as a resource for learning English as a foreign language (EFL). The results show that through a trans-language approach, learners can improve their English vocabulary, understand parts of speech of translated English words, improve their use of English grammar, especially regarding tenses, learn how to translate, and speak English more fluently, since they understand the content of the textbooks. However, they also have difficulty in making English sentences in the passive voice, and in pronouncing English words.
Detection of Fraud Transactions Using Recurrent Neural Network during COVID-19
Authors:   Academic Advisor, The Bhawanipur Education Society College, Kolkata, India, Bandyopadhyay Samir Kuma
Published: October 2020

Online transactions are becoming more popular in present situation where the globe is facing an unknown disease COVID-19. Now authorities of several countries have requested people to use cashless transaction as far as possible. Practically, it is not always possible to use it in all transactions. Since number of such cashless transactions has been increasing during lockdown period due to COVID-19, fraudulent transactions are also increasing in a rapid way. Fraud can be analysed by viewing a series of customer transactions data that was done in his/ her previous transactions. Normally banks or other transaction authorities warn their customers about the transaction, if they notice any deviation from available patterns; the authorities consider it as a possibly fraudulent transaction. For detection of fraud during COVID-19, banks and credit card companies are applying various methods such as data mining, decision tree, rule based mining, neural network, fuzzy clustering approach and machine learning methods. The approach tries to find out normal usage pattern of customers based on their former activities. The objective of this paper is to propose a method to detect such fraud transactions during such unmanageable situation of the pandemic. Digital payment schemes are often threatened by fraudulent activities. Detecting fraud transactions during money transfer may save customers from financial loss. Mobile-based money transactions are focused in this paper for fraud detection. A Deep Learning (DL) framework is suggested in the paper that monitors and detects fraudulent activities. Implementing and applying Recurrent Neural Network on PaySim generated synthetic financial dataset, deceptive transactions are identified. The proposed method is capable to detect deceptive transactions with an accuracy of 99.87%, F1-Score of 0.99 and MSE of 0.01.
PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS DAN PATOGENESIS DISFUNGSI KOGNITIF: ANALISIS PERAN SITOKIN NEUROINFLAMASI (Tinjauan Pustaka)
Authors: Putri Citra Feriana , Bachtiar Endang Winiati
Published: October 2020

Porphyromonas gingivalis merupakan bakteri utama penyebab penyakit periodontal. Bakteri ini memiliki faktor virulensi seperti lipopolisakarida dan gingipain. Faktor virulensi ini dapat membuatnya lolos dari sistem imun periodontal lalu masuk ke dalam sirkulasi darah atau bakterimia. Bakterimia yang terjadi kemudian menyebabkan bakteri berpindah ke sistem saraf pusat sehingga mengaktivasi mikroglia dan respon neuroinflamasi. Neuroinflamasi merupakan proses inflamasi kompleks yang terjadi di sistem saraf pusat sebagai mekanisme pertahanan dalam melawan patogen, toksin, atau faktor yang menyebabkan neurodegenerasi. Proses neuroinflamasi ini diregulasi oleh aktivitas sel neuron, glia, dan sel endotel di dalam sistem neurovaskular. Produksi mediator inflamasi yang berlebihan oleh sel-sel tersebut dapat menyebabkan kematian sel neuron dan berhubungan dengan terjadinya disfungsi kognitif, seperti penyakit Alzheimer. Dalam tinjauan pustaka ini akan dipaparkan tentang imunopatogenesis Porphyromonas gingivalis pada disfungsi kognitif melalui aktivasi neuroinflamasi di otak.
POTENSI EKSTRAK DAUN UNGU DALAM MENURUNKAN JUMLAH SEL OSTEOKLAS TIKUS YANG DIINDUKSI PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS
Authors: Kurniawati Atik , Wahyukundari Melok Aris , Astuti Syafira Dwi
Published: October 2020

Periodontitis merupakan penyakit inflamasi pada jaringan periodontal. Porphyromonas gingivalis merupakan salah satu bakteri patogen pemicu periodontitis. Respons awal inflamasi dipicu oleh faktor virulen P.gingivalis antara lain lipopolisakarida (LPS) yang berlanjut pada kerusakan ligamen periodontal sehingga memicu resorpsi tulang alveolar yang diperankan oleh sel osteoklas. Ekstrak daun ungu (Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff) diketahui dapat menghambat P.gingivalis secara in vitro, namun kemampuannya sebagai antiinflamasi dalam menurunkan jumlah sel osteoklas pada kejadian periodontitis belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi ekstrak daun ungu (EDU) dalam menurunkan jumlah sel osteoklas pada tikus wistar yang diinfeksi dengan P.gingivalis. Penelitian dilakukan pada tikus wistar yang terdiri atas 6 kelompok. Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 5 tikus wistar. Enam kelompok yang terdiri dari kelompok normal (KN): tanpa perlakuan, kelompok kontrol negatif (K-): diinfeksi P.gingivalis (Pg), kelompok kontrol positif (K+): Pg + Tantum Verde, dan 3 kelompok perlakuan yaitu: KP2,5% (Pg + EDU 2,5%), KP5% (Pg + EDU 5%) serta KP10% (Pg + EDU10%). Pemeriksaan histologi dengan pengecatan Haematoxylin-Eosin (HE), jumlah sel osteoklas pada jaringan gingiva, ditentukan dengan menghitung jumlah rata-rata dari 3 lapang pandang tiap potongan jaringan. Analisis data dengan One Way Anova dilanjutkan LSD. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ekstrak daun ungu berpotensi menurunkan jumlah sel osteoklas pada jaringan gingiva tikus wistar (p0,05).
DAYA FITO-RESPON EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) TERHADAP SEL OSTEOSIT DAN MATRIKS TULANG MANDIBULA TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Chairunas Chairunas , Saputri Dewi , Putri Meutia Komala
Published: October 2020

Cahaya lampu diketahui memiliki dampak buruk terhadap perkembangan tulang. Paparan berlebihan dari cahaya lampu dapat menurunkan kadar melatonin pada manusia yang mengakibatkan tanda-tanda osteoporosis tahap awal. Studi sebelumnya menyatakan melatonin dapat menekan estrogen yang akan berdampak menghambat aktivitas osteoklas. Untuk mencegah kerusakan tulang maka dapat diberikan obat alami yang diketahui dapat meningkatkan metabolisme tulang. Senyawa flavonoid yang terkandung dalam daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) berfungsi membantu metabolisme kalsium dengan cara menginduksi penurunan resorpsi tulang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya fitorespon ekstrak etanol daun kelor terhadap osteosit dan matriks tulang mandibula yang terpapar cahaya lampu fluoresen. Sampel penelitian menggunakan tikus wistar jantan sebanyak 10 ekor. Tikus tersebut dipaparkan pada cahaya lampu fluoresen kemudian diberi ekstrak daun kelor yang diolah dengan teknik maserasi. Pembuatan preparat histologi menggunakan pewarnaan hematoxylyn eosin. Mikroskop (Olympus BX-51) dengan perbesaran 400X digunakan dalam perhitungan sel osteosit dan matriks tulang. Data penelitian dianalisa menggunakan uji One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dengan nilai p0,05. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa daya fito-respon ekstrak etanol daun kelor pada tulang mandibula yang terpapar cahaya lampu fluoresen dapat meningkatkan jumlah sel osteosit dan dapat mempertahankan matriks tulang sehingga masa tulang tetap terjaga.
PORCELAIN LAMINATE VENEER SEBAGAI PERAWATAN ESTETIK PADA GIGI INSISIVUS LATERALIS 1 (Laporan Kasus)
Authors: Fitria Ivony , Arifianti Isti , Sumarsongko Taufik , Bonaficius Setyawan , Rikmasari Rasmi
Published: October 2020

Seiring dengan meningkatnya popularitas esthethic dentistry, semakin banyak pasien yang membutuhkan perawatan yang dapat meningkatkan penampilan gigi anterior. Salah satu perawatan estetik yaitu porcelain laminate veneer yang merupakan lapisan tipis, sedikit tembus cahaya, terbuat dari bahan porselen, dan berfungsi untuk melaminasi atau menutupi gigi yang mengalami kerusakan, kelainan bentuk atau perubahan warna. Pada kasus diastema gigi 12 dan peg shape gigi 22, secara anatomis gigi terlihat lebih kecil dan akan terbentuk ruang atau diastema antar gigi. Pada kasus ini dilakukan perawatan estetik porcelain laminate veneer untuk memperbaiki bentuk dan menutupi diastema ini sehingga akan dicapai estetik yang lebih baik. Penatalaksanaan kasus yaitu wax up untuk melihat kesesuaian bentuk dan proporsi veneer yang telah didesain dengan digital smile design. Pasien menyetujui untuk dilakukan crown lengthening untuk mendapatkan level gingival margin yang lebih proporsional. Dibantu dengan diagnosis wax up dan smile designing yang direncanakan pada awal perawatan, pasien mendapatkan gambaran visual dari hasil perawatan yang diharapkan. Pasien merasa puas dengan hasil perawatan. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil yaitu porcelain laminate veneer merupakan suatu alternatif yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan penampilan estetik pada gigi anterior agar pasien mendapatkan senyum yang lebih indah.
KETERKAITAN LESI ENDO-PERIO (Tinjauan Pustaka)
Authors: Ismi Nuzulul , Susanto Agus
Published: October 2020

Kasus lesi endo-perio merupakan kasus yang sering ditemui dalam praktek kedokteran gigi. Hubungan antara penyakit pulpa dan periodontal (lesi endo-perio) pertama kali dikemukakan oleh Simring dan Goldberg pada tahun 1964. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menjelaskan tentang hubungan lesi endo-perio dan penatalaksanaannya. Lesi endoperio disebabkan oleh adanya inflamasi pada area pulpa dan jaringan periodontal secara bersamaan pada satu gigi. Keterkaitan pulpa dan jaringan periodonsium melalui jalur anatomi dan non-fisiologis. Jalur secara anatomis melalui foramen apikal, kanal lateral dan tubulus dentin, sedangkan jalur non-fisiologis seperti perforasi iatrogenik, trauma, fraktur gigi vertikal, perawatan periodontal yang tidak adekuat, dan lainnya. Perawatan lesi endo-perio bertujuan menghilangkan inflamasi pada area pulpa dan jaringan periodontal. Pemeriksaan secara komprehensif diperlukan, meliputi pemeriksaan klinis dan radiograf yang dapat membantu dalam menegakkan diagnosis melalui tanda dan gejala klinis serta mengklasifikasikan lesi endo-perio sehingga perawatan yang tepat dapat dilakukan. Pemeriksaan tanda dan gejala klinis dalam menentukan diagnosa lesi endo-perio penting dilakukan untuk menentukan perawatan yang tepat.
PERSEPSI TENTANG FUNGSI ESTETIK DAN MASTIKASI GIGI TIRUAN LENGKAP TERHADAP LANJUT USIA
Authors: Falatehan Niko , Fahira Jihan
Published: October 2020

Salah satu masalah dalam rongga mulut yang banyak dialami oleh populasi lansia adalah kehilangan gigi secara keseluruhan, untuk mengatasi hal tersebut pasien bisa melakukan perawatan prostodontik berupa gigi tiruan lengkap. Persepsi lansia dalam penggunaan GTL penting diketahui guna mengevaluasi kelebihan dan kekurangan GTL yang digunakan, terutama dari segi estetik dan mastikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi persepsi lansia terhadap fungsi estetik dan mastikasi GTL, dimana merupakan observasional deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional dari 30  orang lansia di Panti Werdha Tresna Wisma Mulia, Jelambar, Jakarta Barat. Persepsi lansia terhadap fungsi estetik dan mastikasi GTL diukur dengan instrumen OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile-14). Analisis data dengan program SPSS versi 22.0 menunjukkan secara umum keseluruhan sampel memiliki persepsi sedang terhadap fungsi estetik dan mastikasi GTL. Berdasarkan pengelompokkan jenis kelamin diperoleh kelompok lansia pria dengan kategori sedang memiliki persepsi mengenai fungsi mastikasi terhadap GTL. yaitu sebesar 84,6% dan kelompok lansia wanita dengan kategori baik memiliki persepsi mengenai fungsi estetik terhadap GTL yaitu sebesar 58, 8%. Pria lebih mementingkan fungsi mastikasi pada penggunaan GTL, sedangkan wanita lebih mementingkan fungsi estetik pada penggunaan GTL.
Physiologic Periostitis: Erroneous presentation on 99mTc MDP bone scintigraphy - a case report
Authors: Ahmad Warda , Iqbal Muhammad , Naeem Muhammad , Qadeer Owais bin , Imran Muhammad Babar , Afzal Muhammad Shahzad
Published: October 2020

Background:

Physiologic periostitis (PP) is characterized by periosteal reaction without any inflammatory condition, and with a more common presentation in pediatric age group involving long bones. It can easily be misinterpreted for a pathological process due to asymmetrical presentation in some cases. 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) bone scintigraphy is one of the effective tools for its diagnosis as it helps to localize multiple lesions in the whole skeleton.

Case Presentation:

A male child, 1 month of age, was referred to the nuclear medicine department of our hospital with swelling involving the right hip for 2 weeks with no history of fever and trauma. There was a mild skin discoloration at the site of swelling along with restricted leg movements. The 99mTc-MDP bone scan (BS) showed abnormal increased uptake in the proximal and distal ends of the right femur along with increased uptake in proximal right humerus. X-ray images showed periosteal reaction involving diaphyseal ends of respective long bones, and these findings together with the patient’s history and normal biochemical profile suggested the presence of PP in this case. The patient’s condition was improved later after treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), thus confirming our diagnosis.

Conclusion:

PP is one of the differential diagnoses in children presenting with pain or swelling in upper or lower limbs. As the condition is self-limiting, it is important to accurately diagnose this condition before subjecting the child to vigorous testing and treatments. Exceptional behavior of this condition on BS should also be kept in mind.
Hereditary angioedema: Epidemiology and burden of disease
Authors: Lumry William R. , Settipane Russell A.
Published: October 2020

 Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by swelling of subcutaneous, mucosal, and submucosal tissue without associated pruritus or wheals caused by a temporary localized increase in vascular permeability. Swelling attacks primarily affect the cutaneous tissue, abdominal viscera, genitals, or airways.
 Reports of the prevalence of HAE C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency varies widely, from 1:50,000 to 1:100,000. The prevalence of HAE normal C1-INH is unknown but is likely much lower than HAE C1-INH. Approximately one-third of patients with recurrent angioedema without wheals have HAE.
 The burden of disease for patients with HAE is substantial. Attacks are unpredictable with respect to frequency, severity, and the site that swells. Laryngeal attacks can be fatal if not treated promptly and appropriately. Feelings of stress, anxiety, and depression can trigger attacks, and begin a cycle of attacks that cause anxiety that, in turn, triggers further attacks. Despite full physical recovery between attacks, patients often experience continual emotional impairment and reduced quality of life (QoL). Absenteeism from work and presenteeism at work or educational activities for patients and caregivers increase stress and reduce productivity during and between attacks. Missed opportunities for career development are common.
 Significant advances have been made in the past decade to expand both acute and prophylactic treatment options for patients with HAE, lowering both the disease and treatment burden, and improving the QoL of patients with HAE.
Triggers and short-term prophylaxis in patients with hereditary angioedema
Authors: Craig Timothy
Published: October 2020

Background:Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare disease that affects 1 in 60,000; however, despite being extremely rare, the severity of the disease can cause significant limitations to quality of life. In addition, attacks can be fatal and require urgent care.Methods:We searched PubMed and Google for Hereditary Angioedema and prophylaxis, short term prophylaxis, surgery, medical procedures, dental work, triggers.Results:The main triggers are estrogens, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACI) inhibitors, trauma, dental work, stress, surgery, manipulation of the upper airway, and medical procedures. Prophylaxis is often used long term to prevent attacks; before known triggers, prophylaxis is referred to as short-term prophylaxis (STP). When to initiate STP, what to use, and what dose to use have not been adequately researched, but there is consensus that, whenever the upper airway is manipulated, STP is essential. In addition, consensus has been reached that an IV C1 inhibitor is the preferred STP agent, and it is my opinion that dosing at 20 units/kg allows dosing for all ages and also allows average-size adults to receive >1000 units because failures at 1000 units have been documented in the literature.Conclusions:This article focused on triggers and preprocedural STP and not on pre-event STP, which is often used before important life events; however, medications and dosing are the same for pre-event prophylaxis.
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps management in the age of biologics
Authors: Blaiss Michael S.
Published: October 2020

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis is one of the most common medical conditions seen in the U.S. population. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in adults has predominately a type 2 inflammatory endotype that usually is treated with medical management that consists
of inhaled corticosteroids, saline solution irrigation, oral corticosteroid bursts, and, at times, leukotriene antagonists and antibiotics. If medical management fails, then surgical intervention is usually recommended. Various biologics that target type 2 inflammation are now available, which
have been or will be approved for use in these patients. Objective: To determine where biologics that affect the type 2 pathway fit into the algorithm of treatment for CRSwNP. Methods: A review of the literature on standard-of-care measures and surgical
interventions in CRSwNP and an analysis of recent studies on the efficacy and safety of biologics in this condition. Results: Standard of care with medication and surgical interventions fail in some patients with CRSwNP. Biologics that affect the type 2 inflammatory pathway
led to a decrease in nasal polyp size, improved nasal congestion, and improved quality of life both in patients who had surgery and those who had not had surgery for CRSwNP. Also, they showed efficacy and safety in patients whether or not they had comorbid asthma. These agents do not cure
the patient with CRSwNP, and will be required chronically for control. Conclusion: Shared decision-making should be used in determining the use of certain medications, surgical management, and biologics in patients with CRSwNP. In patients for whom surgery has already failed
and in patients with moderate-to-severe CRSwNP who have other type 2 comorbidities, e.g., asthma, a trial of biologics is a rational course.
PySurf - A Framework for Database Accelerated Direct Dynamics
Authors: Faraji Shirin , Ehrmaier Johannes , Menger Maximilian
Published: October 2020

Here, PySurf is introduced as an innovative code framework, which is specifically designed for rapid prototyping and development tasks for data-science applications in computational chemistry. To illustrate the potential of the framework, a code for nonadiabatic surface-hopping simulations based on the Landau-Zener algorithm is presented here. The results reveal the degree of sophistication, which can be achieved by the database accelerated energy-only surface-hopping simulations being competitive to commonly used semi-classical approaches.
Contrast-associated acute kidney injury in patients with arterial hypertension and stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Mironova Olga Iu. , Fomin Viktor V.
Published: October 2020

Relevance.The combination of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the most common seen by cardiologists. The administration of contrast media might increase the risk of development of acute kidney injury, especially in patients with comorbidities. The influence of iodine contrast media administration on the risk of development of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) in patients with stable CAD and AH was studied in our work.
Materials and methods.863 patients with stable CAD and AH and indications for interventions requiring intraarterial administration of contrast media were included in the prospective open observational cohort study (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04014153). CA-AKI was defined according to KDIGO criteria as the elevation of serum creatinine 25% and more above baseline or 0.5 mg/dl (44 mkmol/l) and more in 48 hours after intraarterial administration of contrast media. The primary endpoint was the development of CA-AKI.
Results.Diabetes mellitus, obesity and hyperuricemia were not statistically significant risk factors of CA-AKI development according to the contingency tables analyses, unlike proteinuria. A logistic regression model was built (area under the curve 0.7638,p0.0001, 95% confidence interval 0.7130.815) and included the following risk factors: age, weight, body mass index, female gender, heart failure, proteinuria, AH, anemia, baseline creatinine. Proteinuria, baseline creatinine and contrast volume were statistically significant ones.
Conclusion.The rate of CA-AKI was 12.6%. Proteinuria, baseline creatinine and contrast volume were statistically significant risk factors of CA-AKI in logistic regression model.
Key words:contrast-induced acute kidney injury, contrast-induced nephropathy, contrast-associated acute kidney injury, coronary artery disease, percutaneous coronary intervention, arterial hypertension, stable coronary artery disease, prognosis.
Increasing frequency stability of HF signals in the transmitting device of the localiser based on statistical estimation of phases
Authors: Gabrielyan D. D. , Kostenko P. I. , Safaryan O. A.
Published: October 2020

The article based on the method of statistical frequency stabilization deals with the issues of increasing frequency stability and synchronization of the forming HF signals in a transmitting device of a localizer using a multichannel variant of construction. It was demonstrated that the available digital unit of frequency and phase correction allows easy application of the proposed method. Two main features of the localizer operation affecting frequency stability and phase synchronization of HF signals are noted. The first factor is determined by deviation of the present -HF signal frequency (on the measurement interval) from the average (i) frequency value in n-channel. The second one is related to average frequency variation of each of the forming HF signals and its deviation within the (i) value from the nominal value during localizer operation. On the basis of HF signals description in channels of the transmitting device of a localizer ratios are obtained determining optimal values in terms of the method of least square method as (i) deviations of the present frequency values from the average value as well as variations of average frequency values during localizer operation. The article considers the most significant, from an applicatory point of view, case of assessment covering only deviations of the present HF signals frequency values from the average value on the measurement interval. It is shown that application of the method of statistical frequency stabilization allows the transmitting device of a localizer including N channels of HF signals formation to increase frequency stability and HF signals phase synchronization times. That enables to improve accuracy of forming integrated and difference directivity diagrams and setting heading in the runway direction as well. Apart from that, on the basis of the received values of frequency parameters estimation and relative instability of the forming HF signals a decision can be made about the condition of the controlled parameter by the criterion STANDARD-DETERIORATION-ACCIDENT.