bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Cardoso Rodolfo Souza
Published: October 2016

Caros (as) leitores (as),O lançamento de mais um número da Revista Ciências em Saúde é sempre um momento para ser saudado com entusiasmo, principalmente por divulgar os resultados de estudos e pesquisas, apresentados na XXV Semana Médica, XII Congresso Médico Acadêmico - COMA e VII Congresso de Iniciação Científica da Faculdade de Medicina de Itajubá, através de seus Anais. Dentro do pensamento científico, investigar, provar e reproduzir são os alicerces da publicação científica, que deverá levar aos seus leitores o conhecimento novo e relevante dentro de sua área temática. E deve fazê-lo a tempo e hora e perenizar-se, ou seja, existir para sempre. Somente atendendo a essas condições, a revista fará efetivamente jus ao adjetivo científico.Uma revista que servisse para a divulgação científica da FMIt sempre foi uma aspiração de seu grupo diretivo, originada ainda nos tempos da Dra. Maria Christina Anna Grieger. Idealizada várias vezes como produto editorial impresso, finalmente, graças à editoração eletrônica e ao acesso livre pela internet, todos os que historicamente conceberam e planejaram esta revista podem considerar-se realizados.Mas os desafios persistem. Com o crescimento rápido e a ampla disponibilidade da Internet, o acesso à informação passou a ser instantâneo e ilimitado. De tal forma que, tem-se exigido a indexação dos periódicos em bases de dados, para que a informação se torne visível à comunidade científica de forma rápida e sistemática.Uma das formas mais consagradas de qualificação científica na área médica é a indexação em bases de dados, que se traduz no reconhecimento de mérito, aval a qualidade de seus artigos e consequentemente seus autores.
Sling de Artéria Pulmonar em Recém Nato: Relato de Caso/Pulmonary Artery Sling in Newborn Baby: Case Report
Authors: Melo Ana Carolina , Barros Barbara Costa , Grilo Helena Sant’Anna
Published: October 2016

RESUMOIntrodução: Sling da artéria pulmonar, ou alça da artéria pulmonar é o nome que se dá a uma doença congênita, onde se forma um anel vascular incompleto que comprime estruturas importantes da região do mediastino. O quadro clínico pode ser desde assintomático podendo chegar ao óbito. Dos sintomáticos, mais da metade é diagnosticada logo nos primeiros meses de vida, porém nesses casos o quadro é geralmente leve e evolui de maneira lenta, porém progressiva. Estridor respiratório, tanto na inspiração quanto na expiração e cianose são sintomas comuns desses pacientes. Casuística: Esse projeto visa relatar um caso de Sling de artéria pulmonar, diagnosticado em um Hospital Escola do sul de Minas Gerais que se manifestou logo após o nascimento. Discussão: A criança em questão apresentou os sintomas clássicos da doença, porém devido sua raridade e variedade de diagnósticos diferenciais houve dificuldade em afirmar que se tratava de um Sling. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a doença foi diagnosticada e tratada a tempo e de maneira eficaz, embora fosse severa a gravidade do quadro apresentado pelo recém-nascido.Palavras-chave: Anel vascular, Sling de artéria pulmonar, Estridor respiratório. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Pulmonary artery sling or pulmonary artery handle is the name given to a congenital disease which forms an incomplete vascular ring that compresses important structures of the mediastinal region. The clinical picture may be from asymptomatic, experiencing mild cases turning to severe and even to death. More than half of symptomatic is diagnosed early in life, but in these cases the picture is generally mild and evolves slowly but progressively. Stridor, both in inspiration and in expiration and cyanosis are common symptoms of these patients. Case report: This project aims to report a case of pulmonary artery sling, diagnosed in a hospital school in southern Minas Gerais expressed just after birth. Discussion: The child presented classical symptoms of the disease, due to its rarity and another possible diagnosis was certain difficulty to be sure that it was a sling. Conclusion: The disease was diagnosed and treated on time and on the right way despite the severe gravity of the case presented by the newborn.Keywords: Vascular ring, Pulmonary artery sling, Stridor
Avaliação das Atitudes e Conhecimentos dos Médicos na Abordagem de Usuários de Álcool e outras Drogas/Evaluation of Attitudes and Knowledge of Physicians in Users of Alcohol and Other Drugs Approach
Authors: Alvarenga Karoline Modesto , Brandão Letícia Bernardes , Tostes Jorge Gelvane
Published: October 2016

RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar a abordagem e tratamentos realizados em pacientes alcoolistas ou dependentes de outras drogas por médicos de várias especialidades. Materiais e métodos: Os médicos responderam um primeiro formulário com 19 questões que avaliaram o atendimento e outro com dados sócio demográficos e formação acadêmica. Construiu-se um banco de dados e considerou-se um intervalo de confiança de 95% (p < 0,05). Resultados: 96,4% identificam um paciente alcoolizado e 84% reconhecem o efeito de outras drogas. Grande parte perguntava aos pacientes sobre o uso dessas substâncias (84,8% e 78,6% para álcool e outras drogas respectivamente). Todavia, sentiam-se incapazes de tratá-los (60,7 e 50%) ou desconfortáveis em atendê-los (62,5 e 66%). Acreditam que seus conhecimentos são insuficientes (57,1 e 62,5%) ou não conhecem tratamento alternativo (73,2 e 76,8%). Conclusão: A formação parece ser insuficiente e são necessários esforços para melhorar a formação médica nessa área.Palavras-chave: Atitudes e conhecimentos médicos, Álcool, Substâncias psicoativas. ABSTRACTObjectives: To assess the approach and treatments in patients who are alcoholics or addicted to other drugs by doctors of various specialties. Methods: Physicians answered a first questionnaire with 19 questions that evaluated the service and another with socio demographic data and academic training evaluating the care of these users and a questionnaire with demographic data and academic training. A database for analysis was built up and considered a confidence interval of 95 % ( p< 0.05 ) Results: 96.4% identified an alcoholic patient and 84% recognized the effect of other drugs. Many professionals ask their patients about substances used (84.8% and 78.6% for alcohol and other drugs respectively). However, they felt unable to treat (60.7 and 50%) or uncomfortable to serve them (62.5 and 66%). They believe that their knowledge is insufficient (57.1 and 62.5%) or they do not know an alternative treatment (73.2 and 76.8%). Conclusion: The training seems to be insufficient and efforts are needed to improve this area.Keywords: Attitudes and knowledge physicians, Alcohol, Psychoactive substance
Habilidades do Enfermeiro no Diagnóstico e Cuidado ao Portador de Depressão / Nursing Skills in Diagnosis and Care For Patients With Depression
Authors: Guedes Cristiane Rosa , Alvarenga Bianca Del Ducca , Rotella Isabella , Vilella Débora Vitória Alexandrina Lisboa
Published: October 2016

RESUMOObjetivo: Identificar o significado para o enfermeiro em prestar cuidados para pacientes com Depressão.  Materiais e métodos: Estudo exploratório e descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, a amostra foi de 12 enfermeiras, o cenário de estudo foram Unidades Básicas de Saúde e Estratégias de Saúde da Família, urbanas da cidade de Itajubá-MG. A coleta de dados foi por meio do roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada composta por questionário contendo uma pergunta inerente ao assunto. Resultados: Encontramos oito categorias como estigma da depressão, suicídio, dificuldade em lidar, tempo escasso, envolvimento familiar, aceitação da doença, acolhimento e dar medicamento, de acordo com os discursos dos sujeitos coletados na entrevista. Conclusão: Os enfermeiros não estão em contato direto com portadores de depressão no seu trabalho, não entendem que é sua tarefa identificar e encaminha-los para tratamento especializado. Sugerimos que outros estudos sejam desenvolvidos sobre essa temática.Palavras-chave: Depressão. Relação Enfermeiro-Paciente. Assistência de Enfermagem. ABSTRACTObjective: To identify the meaning for nurses when providing care for patients with depression. Materials and Methods: exploratory and descriptive study with qualitative approach, the sample consisted of 12 nurses, the study scenario was the urban Unidades Básicas de Saúde e Estrategia de Saúde da Família, in the city of Itajubá. Data collection was done through semi-structured interview guides consisting of a questionnaire containing a question related to the subject. Results and Discussion: we found eight categories as stigma of depression, suicide, coping difficulties, scarce time, family involvement, acceptance of the disease, host and give medicine, according to the speeches of the subjects collected in the interview. Conclusion: nurses are not in direct contact with individuals with depression in their work, do not understand that it is their job to identify and refer them to specialized treatment. We suggest that other studies be developed on this theme.Keywords: Depression, Nurse-patient Relationship, Nursing care.
Significado e Percepção de Eutanásia Sob a Óptica de Acadêmicos de Medicina de Uma Cidade Sul Mineira / Significance and Perception of Euthanasia under the Vision of Medical Students in a City in the South of Minas Gerais
Authors: Santos Agnes Aparecida dos , Azzolini Monalize , Simões Ivandira Anselmo Ribeiro
Published: October 2016

RESUMOObjetivo: Identificar o significado e a percepção de eutanásia para os acadêmicos de medicina de uma cidade sul mineira. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, qualitativa e transversal. Como método de estudo, foi utilizado o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo que tem como base a Teoria das Representações Sociais. Resultados: Mostraram que as ideias centrais “Provocar a morte” e “Sou contra” foram de maior prevalência para os acadêmicos de medicina. Conclusão: Depreende-se que é preciso incentivar os profissionais de saúde e acadêmicos a fazerem novas pesquisas sobre o assunto e oferecer subsídios às instituições de saúde para elaborarem junto a Comissão de Ética maneiras de tratar assuntos sobre a eutanásia e os cuidados com os pacientes no final da vida. Palavras-chave: Eutanásia, Medicina, Ética.  ABSTRACTObjective: Identify the meaning and sense of euthanasia to medical students in a city in the South of Minas Gerais. Materials and Methods: It is a exploratory, descriptive, qualitative and cross-sectional research. As a study method it was used the Discourse of the Collective Subject which is based in the Social Representations Theory. Results: demonstrated that the central ideas “To cause the death” and “I’m against” were the most prevalent among the medical students. Conclusion: It may be concluded that it is necessary to encourage health-care professionals and students to make new researches about this subject and offer subsidies to health facilities in onder to develop, with the ethics committee, ways to deal with topics about euthanasia and care of the terminal patients. Keywords: Euthanasia, Medical, Ethics.
Perfil dos Pacientes com Câncer Gástrico Atendidos no Hospital Municipal Dr. José de Carvalho Florence no Período de 2007 a 2012 / Profile of Gastric Cancer Patients Treated in Hospital Municipal Dr. José de Carvalho Florence Between the Period from 2007
Authors: Silva Rogério Mariotto Bitetti da , Freitas Rosyane Rena de , Rocha Thiago Santos
Published: October 2016

RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar o perfil dos pacientes com neoplasia maligna de estômago, que receberam atendimento e tratamento no Hospital Municipal Dr. Jose de Carvalho Florence (HMJCF). Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo a partir do levantamento de prontuários. Análises foram feitas com uma amostragem e proporções esperadas desiguais e Quadros de contingência. Para se verificar associação entre as variáveis, utilizado o teste Qui–Quadrado de Pearson, considerando-se p ≤ 0,05, em um grau de confiabilidade de 95%. Resultados: O sexo masculino é o com maior número de casos na proporção de 2:1. A idade média ao diagnóstico é 65,16 anos. A queixa mais comum apresentada por estes pacientes foi a epigastralgia seguido pela inapetência. A maioria dos tumores encontrava-se no antro gástrico. Cinquenta e nove destes pacientes foram submetidos a cirurgia sendo 45 com intuito curativo. A sobrevida média foi de 15 meses e a taxa de sobrevida em 5 anos de apenas 6%.  Conclusão: O CG é uma doença muito agressiva e de prognóstico ruim. Suas manifestações iniciais são inespecíficas, o que torna seu diagnóstico em fases iniciais muito difícil.Palavras chave: Câncer Gástrico, Úlcera gástrica, Perfil de SaúdeABSTRACTObjective: Evaluate the profile of patients with malignant neoplasia of stomach, receiving care and treatment in Hospital Municipal Dr. Jose de Carvalho Florence (HMJCF). Methods: Retrospective study based on a survey of medical records. Analysis were made with a sampling and unequal expected ratios and contingency tables. To assess the association between variables, will be used the chi-square test, considering p ≤ 0.05, at a reliability level of 95%. Results: The largest number of cases are male, ratio of 2:1. The average age at diagnosis is 65.16 years. Caucasians followed by mulatto were the most frequent with Gastric Cancer. The most common complaint presented by these patients was abdominal pain followed by loss of appetite. Most tumors found in the gastric antrum. Fifty-nine of these patients underwent surgery with curative intent in 45. Twenty of them had some type of metastasis intraoperatively and 12 outpatients progressed to metastatic lesions. The median survival was 15 months and the survivor rate in 5 years was only 6%. Conclusion: The Gastric Cancer is a very aggressive and poor prognosis disease. Its initial symptoms are nonspecific, making diagnosis difficult in the early stages.Keywords: Gastric Cancer, Gastric Ulcer, Health Profile.
Oncologia Moderna: Necessidade da Quebra de Paradigmas, Pré-conceitos e da Estagnação / Modern Oncology: Needs of Breaking Paradigms, Prejudice and Stagnation
Authors: Oliveira Harley Francisco de , Yoshinari Júnior Gerson Hiroshi , Santiago Antônio César Mendes
Published: October 2016

O câncer engloba uma vasta gama de neoplasias sólidas e não sólidas que possuem a capacidade de invadir tecidos adjacentes e potencial de disseminação à distância. É uma doença devastadora: representa uma patologia carregada de estigma social, com uma carga negativa bastante elevada na grande maioria das vezes, afetando todos os aspectos da vida dos pacientes bem como daqueles com quem convivem (familiares, amigos, cuidadores, etc.). É uma doença secular: as primeiras descrições remetem à Grécia antiga, onde foi descrito como uma doença semelhante a um caranguejo, karkínos, provavelmente devido sua característica infiltrativa em casos mais avançados, porém sua origem dá-se juntamente à origem da própria espécie. É uma doença democrática: salvo alguns casos onde os fatores de risco são bem conhecidos e podem ser evitados, o câncer não privilegia uma ou outra esfera social, limite geográfico, religião ou outro fator ambiental/social. O câncer é hoje a segunda causa de morte no país e no mundo, somente superado pelas doenças cardiovasculares; mais significativo ainda do que sua posição como causa de morte é o crescimento dessa taxa ao longo das últimas décadas e indícios evidentes de que continuará a crescer. As causas dessa impressionante mudança do perfil nosológico do Brasil, acompanhando uma tendência mundial, são em parte conhecidas. Em primeiro lugar, a melhoria das condições de vida e de saneamento básico, a crescente urbanização, a aplicação de medidas preventivas eficientes no controle de doenças infectocontagiosas, entre outros, contribuíram para uma redução significativa das doenças infecciosas e parasitárias. Por outro lado, estas mesmas causas produziram um sensível aumento da expectativa de vida, de 34 anos em 1.900 para 64 anos em 1980. A redução da mortalidade, principalmente nas faixas etárias mais elevadas (acima de 60 anos) e a diminuição da fecundidade resultaram em um aumento relativo e absoluto da população de idosos. De 1.900 a 2.025 a população brasileira terá sido multiplicada por cinco e o segmento de pessoas com mais de 60 anos terá o seu número multiplicado por quinze, fazendo com que em 2.025 a população de brasileiros com mais de 60 anos ultrapasse 13% da população, ou seja, um contingente de mais de 33 milhões de pessoas.
Editorial
Authors: Cardoso Rodolfo Souza
Published: October 2016

A Importância da Pesquisa Científica na Formação UniversitáriaCom cordiais cumprimentos, oferecemos a Edição Especial da Revista Ciências em Saúde (RCS). Neste exemplar, é publicada uma seleção dos estudos apresentados na 36ª Semana Médica da Faculdade de Medicina de Itajubá (FMIt). O referido evento agrega pressupostos da educação formativa por excelência, priorizando o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão.O estímulo científico em nossa escola existe há vários anos, graças à percepção dos inúmeros benefícios propiciados aos alunos. A prática da pesquisa desperta o olhar crítico e a capacidade de se formularem hipóteses, além de desenvolver a consciência sobre os aspectos éticos em ciência. Outras vantagens da iniciação científica durante a graduação incluem o contato com distintas áreas de interesse, a experiência de se trabalhar em times multidisciplinares, e até a possibilidade de nossos estudantes se transformarem em futuros pesquisadores. Isso não apenas os torna diferenciados em termos curriculares, mas principalmente melhor preparados para desempenharem suas posteriores funções profissionais.Nossa preocupação não se restringe, no entanto, à formação acadêmica dos estudantes. O retorno à sociedade assume igualmente papel fundamental, uma vez que os projetos visam, na medida do possível, favorecer o bem-estar da população. Nesse mesmo sentido, a RCS tem como principal missão a disseminação da ciência de qualidade, de forma a aproximar o leitor do que vem sendo realizado nos mais recentes trabalhos científicos.Com os agradecimentos aos cientistas/autores que colaboraram com a presente edição, bem como aos nossos leitores a quem nossos objetivos e sonhos se destinam, desejamos uma boa leitura.
An Empirical Review of English Language Teaching in Congo
Authors: Ndongo Ibara Yvon-Pierre
Published: October 2016

This contribution examines the pro and cons on the English language teaching practice in a non-English speaking country, Congo. It appears that English language is solely taught for examination purposes what is best summarized in terms of eye to read, think to write when the mouth remains shut. Oral communication is in a poor relation in language teaching and learning in Congo. One of the reasons is the inefficiency of the course of English phonetics and phonology at the Teachers Training College coupled with the lack of English linguistic background to prospective teachers.
The Effect of Storytelling on Iranian EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Retention
Authors: Morsali Shahla
Published: October 2016

This paper presents the results of a study on utilizing two storytelling techniques, summarizing and strip story arrangement, in an EFL context. It focused on exploring which type of storytelling technique was more effective and thus could help EFL learners master the new words better. In was carried out in a private language school in Tehran, Iran. The participants were 105 learners who were selected from 160 elementary learners based on their performance on Oxford Placement Test as the test of homogenization. Three groups were formed, two experimental and one control group with 35 subjects in each. The learners in the summarizing group used the new words to summarize the stories in their written and spoken tasks and the learners in the other experimental group, strip story arrangement group, were asked to arrange some split sentences in their personal drafts. After thirty treatment sessions, the learners were given the posttest. The three groups’ performances on the posttest were compared by one way ANOVA. The results showed that the learners in summarizing group performed better than strip story arrangement group and both groups outperformed the control group.
Fundamentos de um Programa de Avaliação Educacional
Authors: Vianna Heraldo Marelim
Published: October 2016

O artigo oferece reflexões sobre aspectos da avaliação educacional e procura estimular diferentes pensares sobre a definição de uma política de avaliação do sistema educacional brasileiro. Destaca, inicialmente, a relação entre avaliação e planejamento escolar; associa a idéia de avaliação a uma efetiva política de ação e procura estimular estudos sobre as possibilidades dos testes referenciados a critério. O trabalho chama a atenção para a influência da diversidade socioeconômica e cultural nas avaliações e mostra o significado da avaliação na tomada de decisões. A questão da disseminação dos resultados é vista como ponto fundamental no impacto da avaliação sobre os sistemas educacionais. Outros aspectos relacionados à temática geral sobre
Prontuário Eletrônico do Paciente: uma ferramenta para aprimorar a qualidade dos Serviços de Saúde
Authors: Bezerra Selene Maria
Published: October 2016

O presente artigo tem por objetivo promover uma discussão sobre o prontuário eletrônico do paciente (PEP). Atualmente, devido a grande quantidade de informações possibilitada pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação, verifica-se a necessidade de mudanças na área de informação da saúde. Nesse sentido, o PEP pode ser um grande aliado como dispositivo de acesso às informações médicas necessárias tanto ao profissional, como ao paciente. Apesar das vantagens proporcionadas pelo PEP, existem ainda muitos desafios a serem enfrentados tais como o alto custo para a informatização adequada das Unidades Hospitalares e a resistência de parte dos profissionais de saúde. O Ministério da Saúde, assim como as Agências Reguladoras e os
Avaliação: viagem por dentro de si mesma
Authors: Gomes Candido Alberto da Costa , Leal Helder Bueno
Published: October 2016

O trabalho, por meio da análise de decisões ao longo de dois processos de pesquisa, coloca em debate dilemas éticos e metodológicos da avaliação. A primeira investigação avaliou um pequeno projeto de extensão universitária sob o ponto de vista dos seus custos e benefícios, integrando metodologias quantitativa e qualitativa para estudar o atingimento dos seus amplos objetivos. A segunda investigação tratou da viabilidade de implantação do então ensino de 2º grau em dois municípios do interior amazônico. Diante de peculiaridades e das pressões do ambiente sócio-político, o estudo aborda dificuldades que exigem pronta resposta, situando o papel do pesquisador, as opções da ética científica e o caráter legitimador da ciência. Afinal, debate a ciência como um universo racional e isento ou como um processo de legitimação.
Avaliação Educacional: formas de uso na prática pedagógica
Authors: Freitas Sirley Leite , Costa Michele Gomes Noé da , Miranda Flavine Assis de
Published: October 2016

Neste artigo discute-se o tema avaliação abordando seus tipos, formas e usos. Apresenta conceitos relacionados à avaliação diagnóstica, formativa e somativa, segundo os conceitos de autores como Bloom (1983) e Haydt (2008). Destaca a avaliação apresentando suas formas sob uma visão tradicional em que a avaliação é usada com finalidade ora classificatória, ora punitiva e como controle social. Também apresenta a avaliação sob uma visão mediadora da aprendizagem sendo essa um processo contínuo de ação-reflexão-ação em relação à prática pedagógica. Ao final se propõem superar essa visão classificatória e punitiva da avaliação, é vista como medida de valor para classificação do conhecimento e exclusão social.
Heparanase Overexpression Induces Glucagon Resistance and Protects Animals From Chemically Induced Diabetes
Authors: Zhang Dahai , Wang Fulong , Lal Nathaniel , Chiu Amy Pei-Ling , Wan Andrea , Jia Jocelyn , Bierende Denise , Flibotte Stephane , Sinha Sunita , Asadi Ali , Hu Xiaoke , Taghizadeh Farnaz , Pulinilkunnil Thomas , Nislow Corey , Vlodavsky Israel , Johnson James D. , Kieffer Timothy J. , Hussein Bahira , Rodrigues Brian
Published: October 2016

Heparanase, a protein with enzymatic and nonenzymatic properties, contributes toward disease progression and prevention. In the current study, a fortuitous observation in transgenic mice globally overexpressing heparanase (hep-tg) was the discovery of improved glucose homeostasis. We examined the mechanisms that contribute toward this improved glucose metabolism. Heparanase overexpression was associated with enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and hyperglucagonemia, in addition to changes in islet composition and structure. Strikingly, the pancreatic islet transcriptome was greatly altered in hep-tg mice, with >2,000 genes differentially expressed versus control. The upregulated genes were enriched for diverse functions including cell death regulation, extracellular matrix component synthesis, and pancreatic hormone production. The downregulated genes were tightly linked to regulation of the cell cycle. In response to multiple low-dose streptozotocin (STZ), hep-tg animals developed less severe hyperglycemia compared with wild-type, an effect likely related to their β-cells being more functionally efficient. In animals given a single high dose of STZ causing severe and rapid development of hyperglycemia related to the catastrophic loss of insulin, hep-tg mice continued to have significantly lower blood glucose. In these mice, protective pathways were uncovered for managing hyperglycemia and include augmentation of fibroblast growth factor 21 and glucagon-like peptide 1. This study uncovers the opportunity to use properties of heparanase in management of diabetes.
Effect of Finishing and Polishing on the Surface Roughness and Gloss of Feldspathic Ceramic for Chairside CAD/CAM Systems
Authors: Carrabba M , Vichi A , Vultaggio G , Pallari S , Paravina R , Ferrari M
Published: October 2016

Objectives: To evaluate surface roughness and gloss of feldspathic ceramic blocks for chairside CAD/CAM systems before and after finishing and polishing.

Methods: VITA Mark II ceramic blocks for the CEREC CAD/CAM system were cut perpendicularly in order to obtain a total of 70 specimens (14 × 18 × 3 mm). The flat surface was roughened using a grinder/polisher with dry 120-grit silicone-carbide paper. Surface roughness and gloss were measured using a digital profilometer (Ra) and a glossmeter (GU), respectively. Specimens were randomly divided into seven groups (n=10) based on the finishing/polishing system as follows: 1) Identoflex NGPorcelain Polisher (INP), 2) Identoflex Diamond Ceramic Polisher (IDP), 3) Hiluster Polishing System (HPS), 4) OptraFine (OF), 5) Identoflex Lucent (IL), 6) VITA Akzent Glaze Spray (AGS), and 7) VITA Shading Paste and Liquid (SPL). Surface analysis was repeated after the finishing/polishing treatment, and the obtained data were compared to the baseline in order to evaluate the ΔRa and ΔGU. Results were statistically analyzed. The surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy.

Results: The mean surface roughness of polished systems increased in the order (statistical groups designated) SPLa < ILa < OFab < IDPbc < AGSbc < INPbc < HPSc and mean gloss decreased in the order AGSa > SPLa > OFab > ILabc > HPSbcd > INPcd > IDPd.

Conclusions: The smoothest surface of CAD/CAM feldspathic ceramic blocks was achieved using the furnace-based glaze systems VITA Akzent Glaze Spray and VITA Shading Paste and Liquid and manual systems Identoflex Lucent and OptraFine.
Efficacy of Home-use Bleaching Agents Delivered in Customized or Prefilled Disposable Trays: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Carlos NR , Bridi EC , Amaral FLB , França FMG , Turssi CP , Basting RT
Published: October 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate bleaching methods containing hydrogen peroxide (HP) or carbamide peroxide (CP), dispensed in customized or prefilled trays, in terms of color change, tooth sensitivity, gingival irritation, acceptance, and comfort. Seventy-five volunteers were randomly selected and distributed according to the whitening agent (n=25): 10% HP dispensed in prefilled trays (Opalescence Go 10%) and 9.5% HP (Pola Day) and 10% CP both delivered in customized trays (Opalescence PF 10%). HP was applied for 30 min/d for 14 days (d), and CP for 8 h/d for 14 days. Evaluations were performed at baseline and at 7 days and 14 days of treatment. Color change was measured with Commission internationale de l'éclairage color coordinates (L*, a*, b*), Vita Classical, and 3D Master scales. A visual analog scale was used to assess tooth sensitivity, acceptance of the method and degree of comfort of the tray. Gingival irritation was evaluated as present or absent and localized or generalized. Regarding gingival irritation, tray acceptance, and tooth sensitivity, no differences were observed among the groups at any time (p>0.05). As for degree of comfort, 10% HP showed lower scores (comfortable) than 10% CP, with significant differences (p<0.05) from the other groups (comfortable to very comfortable). In terms of ΔL, Δa, and ΔE, no difference was observed among the groups or between the time periods (p>0.05). The Δb average was higher at 14 days (p<0.05), and there was no difference among the groups (p>0.05). Localized gingival irritation was observed in both tray methods. Mild tooth sensitivity was observed with time, regardless of the bleaching agent concentration or the application time. Color change was similar for all the groups at 7 days and 14 days, but there was a greater reduction in the yellow hue at 14 days. All the bleaching methods were highly accepted and effective in promoting whitening. Although prefilled trays are generally comfortable, they proved less comfortable than customized trays.
Antipredator behaviour of domestic guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)
Authors: Baklová Aneta , Baranyiová Eva , Šimánková Hana
Published: October 2016

The objective of this study was to test the reactions of domestic guinea pigs to the presence of aerial and terrestrial predators in a laboratory setting. We measured the behavioural reactions of 27 adolescent guinea pigs to the presence of a dog, imitation of a bird of prey and an unknown human as control. Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U Test were used to analyse the differences in duration and frequency of responses (freezing, fleeing, and vigilance) to predators. When confronted with the dog, guinea pigs reacted for the longest time and most frequently by freezing. In presence of the bird of prey, they responded for the longest time and most often by freezing and fleeing. In presence of a human, they showed mostly vigilance. When comparing reactions to the dog and human, there were differences in duration and frequency of freezing and fleeing. When comparing reactions to the bird of prey and control test, we observed differences between fleeing and vigilance. The durations and frequencies of freezing, fleeing and vigilance to the dog and bird of prey were different. The only differences in reactions of males and females occurred in duration and frequency of fleeing in presence of the bird of prey. No vocalization was observed except for two occurrences, of a “drrr” and a “chirrup”. Our results indicate that domestic guinea pigs tested under laboratory conditions can discriminate between a terrestrial and an aerial predator, when exposed to them individually. Their antipredator behaviours remained functional, although their vocalizations may have been affected by the absence of signal receivers.
VIRO-TypeNed, systematic molecular surveillance of enteroviruses in the Netherlands between 2010 and 2014
Authors: Benschop Kimberley S M , Rahamat-Langendoen Janette C , van der Avoort Harrie G A M , Claas Eric C J , Pas Suzan D , Schuurman Rob , Verweij Jaco J , Wolthers Katja C , Niesters Hubert G M , Koopmans Marion P G ,   on behalf of VIRO-TypeNed
Published: October 2016

VIRO-TypeNed is a collaborative molecular surveillance platform facilitated through a web-based database. Genetic data in combination with epidemiological, clinical and patient data are shared between clinical and public health laboratories, as part of the surveillance underpinning poliovirus eradication. We analysed the combination of data submitted from 2010 to 2014 to understand circulation patterns of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV) of public health relevance. Two epidemiological patterns were observed based on VIRO-TypeNed data and classical surveillance data dating back to 1996: (i) endemic cyclic, characterised by predictable upsurges/outbreaks every two to four years, and (ii) epidemic, where rare virus types caused upsurges/outbreaks. Genetic analysis suggests continuous temporal displacement of virus lineages due to the accumulation of (silent) genetic changes. Non-synonymous changes in the antigenic B/C loop suggest antigenic diversification, which may affect population susceptibility. Infections were frequently detected at an age under three months and at an older, parenting age (25–49 years) pointing to a distinct role of immunity in the circulation patterns. Upsurges were detected in the summer and winter which can promote increased transmissibility underlying new (cyclic) upsurges and requires close monitoring. The combination of data provide a better understanding of NPEV circulation required to control and curtail upsurges and outbreaks.
French Aedes albopictus are able to transmit yellow fever virus
Authors: Amraoui Fadila , Vazeille Marie , Failloux Anna Bella
Published: October 2016

We assessed the ability of a French population ofAedes albopictusto transmit yellow fever virus (YFV). Batches of 30 to 40 female mosquitoes were analysed at 7, 14 and 21 days post-exposure (dpe). Bodies, heads and saliva were screened for YFV. Infectious viral particles were detected in bodies and heads at 7, 14 and 21 dpe whereas the virus was found in saliva only from 14 dpe. Our results showed thatAe. albopictuscan potentially transmit YFV.
Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure of the Transformation Zone: an out patient procedure
Authors: Saha Mukti Rani , Ara Iffat , Khatun Sabera , Roy Suvash Chandra , Saha Tapan Kumer
Published: October 2016

Objective: A prospective, observational study in Dhaka Medical College Hospital was carried out to assess the efficacy of loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) of the transformation zone of cervix as an outpatient procedure as diagnostic and therapeutic purpose during visit of patients with the report of CIN II or CIN III on histopathology.Method: One hundred women over a period of one year from 1st January to 31st December 2011 were treated with LEEP as an outpatient procedure. Among these women 63 patients were CIN II and 37 patients were CIN III on histopathology report. LEEP were done under local anaesthesia. All patients were followed up for one year with colposcopy and also histology where appropriate.Results: In all cases, the specimens obtained were adequate for histopathological assessment and in 98 (98%) cases the lesion had been completely excised. Two cases of CIN III required a second excision. One patient needed cervical sutures to achieve haemostasis following the excision. One patient was admitted in the hospital with primary haemorrhage. Two patients were admitted with secondary haemorrhage.Conclusion: LEEP under local anaesthesia is an effective technique. It enables the treatment of patients with cervical intraepithelial neaplasia and exclusion of invasive cancer in a subsequent visit. Thus adequate tissue is made available for accurate diagnosis, thereby improving the accuracy of treatment.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(1) : 5-8
Fluid and Nutritional Management Can Significantly Reduce the Mortality of Patients with Eclampsia in Resource Poor Settings
Authors: Begum Badrunnesa , Akhter Nasreen , Uddin Md Kamal , Aziz Md Abdul , Nova Kashfia Kamal
Published: October 2016

Objective: To observe fluid and nutritional management along with specific management and close clinical monitoring without intensive care management improve the condition of unconcious eclamptic patients in the resource poor setting.Method: Six hundred and nine(609) eclamptic patients were admitted in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital from January to December 2008. Twenty four (24) unconscious eclamptic patients were enrolled for this clinical trial study. These patients were managed in eclampsia ward with fluid therapy of 0.9% sodium chloride, 25% glucose, 5% aminoacids along with hydrocortisone and in some cases nasogastric feeding in addition to other regular medications. They were compared with 26 eclampsia patients treated with normal regular hospital management. A systematic guideline was followed and patients were closely monitored until the outcome.Results: The mean age of 23 years, 18 cases were primi-gravida; 16 had intrapartum, 6 had postpartum and 2 had antepartum eclampsia. The mean number of convulsion before admission was 12. The mean Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of these patients during admission was 5, which improved to 10.3 in 24 hours and 14.5 in 36 hours. None of these patients had fatal outcome in compare to observation group where three patients died following complications.Conclusion: Close monitoring with fluid and nutritional management can significantly reduce the mortality of unconscious eclamptic patients in resource poor settings where intensive care facility is limited. Development and adaptation of feasible systematic guideline for the management of unconscious eclamptic patient should be scaled up for the resource poor settings of developing and under developed countries.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(1) : 18-20
Society News Vol.27(1)
Authors: Fatima Parveen
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(1) : 38-39
International News Vol.27(1)
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(1) : 40-41
Early termination of pregnancy
Authors: Kabir Nazneen
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(2) : 42-43
Experience of Persistent Gestation Trophoblastic Disease in a Tertiary Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh
Authors: Nahar Kamrun , Yesmin Halima , Roy Kanika , Alam Safiul , Khatun Kashefa
Published: October 2016

Objectives: To study the clinical presentation and risk factors of persistent trophoblastic disease and its outcome of treatment with chemotherapy.Materials and methods: This observational study was carried out on fifty patients of persistent trophoblastic disease who were admitted in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Mymensingh Medical Hospital (MMCH) during one year period. Evaluation of disease was done by thorough clinical examination and a set of investigations including chest radiography, ultrasound scan of abdomen and pelvis and estimation of serum â hCG. The four factors under analysis of PTD were age of the patient, clinical presentation, gestational age at diagnosis of molar pregnancy and nature of antecedent pregnancy. Patients with non-metastatic trophoblastic disease and low risk metastatic trophoblastic disease were offered single agent chemotherapy with methotrexate and folinic acid rescue in consultation with the oncologist. When â hCG response was inadequate, multi-agent chemotherapy was given. Complications of chemotherapy were also observed and supportive treatment was given.Results: Out of 50 patients, 49 (98%) patients had antecedent molar pregnancy and 1(2%) had missed abortion. In cases of post molar trophoblastic disease, 28 (57.58%) were in 20-30 yrs. Mean ± SD was 31.35 ± 7.25. In these cases gestational size of molar pregnancy was between 16-20 weeks in 24 (48.98%), <16 wks in 19 (38.78%) and >20 wks in 6 (12.24%) cases. Mean ± SD was 16.78 ± 4.45 wks (p<0.001). Associated theca lutein cysts were present among higher number of cases (57.14%) but not statistically significant. Regarding clinical presentation, 40 (80%) patients presented with irregular pervaginal bleeding, 3(6%) patients with features of metastasis. Most of the of the study subjects 43 (86%) were treated with chemotherapy and 7 (14%) had undergone both hysterectomy and chemotherapy. Single agent methotrexate was given in 47 (94%) cases and multiple agent (EMA-CO) in 3 (6%). After giving 4 cycles of chemotherapy 11 (22%) patients were cured, 38 (76%) had declining â hCG level and one had static â hCG level. Overall remission was 98 %. Complication of chemotherapy was observed in 5 (10%) patients.Conclusion: Theca lutein cyst are important in the prediction of persistent disease after molar pregnancy. Methotrexate chemotherapy is effective and well tolerated in treating patients with nonmetastatic and low risk metastatic gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(2) : 50-56
To compare the Effectiveness and Tolerability of Misoprostol as a Cervical Ripening Agent in the First Trimester Abortion through Sublingual and Vaginal Routes of Administration
Authors: Nath Jayati , Jain Maneesha , Najam Rehana , Sharma Rina
Published: October 2016

Objective: To compare the effectiveness and tolerability of misoprostol as a cervical ripening agent in first trimester abortion through sublingual and vaginal routes of administration.Material and Methods: This study was carried out in the department of Obst. & Gynae Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre (TMMC&RC). A total of 120 patients were included in the study. They were divided in two groups Group A  60 patients  sublingual Group B  60 patients  vaginal The drug was administered 3-4 hours before suction and evacuation by sublingual and vaginal routes. Efficacy was assessed on the basis of time taken for ripening, dilatation achieved, duration of the procedure, intraoperative blood loss and pain. The patients tolerability was noted on the basis of side effects.Results: The mean time taken for cervical ripening was more in the sublingual group as compared to the vaginal ( P<0.001).The duration of suction and evacuation was less as compared to the vaginal route. The mean intraoperative blood loss was more in sublingual as compared to the vaginal group. The intraoperative pain score was comparatively lower (P<0.05) as compared to the vaginal route. Side effects like loose motions, nausea vomiting were more with sublingual group.Conclusion: Sublingual Misoprostol is an effective and favourable cervical ripening agent for 1st trimester abortions.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(2) : 63-66
Intravaginal Misoprostol versus Transcervical Foley Catheter for Pre-Induction Cervical Ripening and their Outcome - A Comparative Study
Authors: Nazneen Sabiha , Sultana Ferdousi , Nahaer Kamrun
Published: October 2016

Objective : To compare the efficacy of transcervical Foley Catheter and Intravaginal Misoprostol in pre-induction cervical ripeningMaterials & Methods : This crosssectional study was done in the inpatient dept. of obs. and gynae at the Rangpur Medical College and Hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh between 1st July 2005 to 30th December, 2006. During 18 (eighteen) months of study period, 99 patients were enrolled, 50 were in group 1 where Misoprostol tablet was given vaginally and 49 were in group II where Foley Catheter was used transcervically. The Misoprostol tablet dosing regime was 50?g (one- fourth of a 200?g tablet), which was given vaginally (in the posterior vaginal fornix). The second dose was given after six hours. Though the maximum target was four doses that was 200?g, cervical ripening took place in all the cases with only two doses. Cervical scoring was reassessed after four hours in both the groups.Results: There were similar baseline characteristics such as age of the patients, socioeconomic condition etc. No significant difference was observed regarding parity, gravidity, gestational age, Bishops score and pre-induction of labour. There was also no significant difference in the mean time of pre-induction to delivery interval, mode of delivery and neonatal out come. Change in Bishops score was similar in both groups but more time was required from pre-induction to delivery in Foley catheter group. The most frequent complaint in Foley catheter group was mild discomfort at insertion. Vaginal delivery was higher in this group (63.3%) whereas Caesarean section rate was higher in Misoprostol group (36%) due to hyperstimulation syndrome.Conclusion: Both intravaginal Misoprostol and transcervical Foley catheter have similar effectiveness as pre-induction agents in unripe cervix. Transcervical Foley catheter is associated with a lower incidence of hyperstimulation syndrome (presence of hypertonous utrine contraction associated with abnormal foetal heart rate) and higher incidence of vaginal deliveries.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(2) : 72-78
International News Vol.27(2)
Authors: Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: October 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(2) : 93
The murky waters of neoliberal marketization and commodification on the education of adults in the United States
Authors: Holloway Jessica , Zacharakis Jeff
Published: October 2016

We approach marketization and commodification of adult education from multiple lenses including our personal narratives and neoliberalism juxtaposed against the educational philosophy of the Progressive Period. We argue that adult education occurs in many arenas including the public spaces found in social movements, community-based organizations, and government sponsored programs designed to engage and give voice to all citizens toward building a stronger civil society. We conclude that only when adult education is viewed from the university lens, where it focuses on the individual and not the public good, does it succumb to neoliberal forces.
Tolerance Redistributing of the Reassembly Dimensional Chain on Measure of Uncertainty
Authors: Liu Conghu
Published: October 2016

How to use the limited precision of remanufactured parts to assemble higher-quality remanufactured products is a challenge for remanufacturing engineering under uncertainty. On the basis of analyzing the uncertainty of remanufacturing parts, this paper takes tolerance redistributing of the reassembly (remanufactured assembly) dimensional chain as the research object. An entropy model to measure the uncertainty of assembly dimensional is built, and we quantify the degree of the uncertainty gap between reassembly and assembly. Then, in order to make sure the uncertainty of reassembly is not lower than that of assembly, the tolerance redistribution optimization model of the reassembly dimensional chain is proposed which is based on the tolerance of the grading allocation method. Finally, this paper takes the remanufactured gearbox assembly dimension chain as an example. The redistribution optimization model saves 19.11% of the cost with the assembly precision of remanufactured products. It provides new technical and theoretical support to expand the utilization rate of remanufactured parts and improve reassembly precision.
Realistic Many-Body Quantum Systems vs. Full Random Matrices: Static and Dynamical Properties
Authors: Torres-Herrera Eduardo , Karp Jonathan , Távora Marco , Santos Lea
Published: October 2016

We study the static and dynamical properties of isolated many-body quantum systems and compare them with the results for full random matrices. In doing so, we link concepts from quantum information theory with those from quantum chaos. In particular, we relate the von Neumann entanglement entropy with the Shannon information entropy and discuss their relevance for the analysis of the degree of complexity of the eigenstates, the behavior of the system at different time scales and the conditions for thermalization. A main advantage of full random matrices is that they enable the derivation of analytical expressions that agree extremely well with the numerics and provide bounds for realistic many-body quantum systems.