bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Osmanlılarda Dondurma ve Dondurmacılık Mesleği İle İlgili Notlar
Authors: ÖZLÜ Zeynep
Published: May 2022

Türklerin, henüz ata yurtta iken, yaşadıkları ortam genelde serin olmakla beraber özellikle yaz aylarında serinlemek amacıyla soğuk veya dondurulmuş meyve suları içtikleri tahmin edilmektedir. XIII. asırdan itibaren ise Selçuklular ile beraber soğuk veya dondurulmuş şerbetleri hazırlamak için "karlıklar" yapmışlardır. Karlıkların Osmanlılar döneminde de kullanıldığı hatta sarayda bu işleri organize eden "karcıbaşı ve buzcubaşı" adı verilen bir görevli tayin edildiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu görevli sadece sarayın değil bütün esnafın ihtiyaç duyduğu kar ve buzu temin ederek bunların ilgililere dağıtımını organize etmiştir. Osmanlı toplumunda dondurma ise 17. yüzyıldan itibaren sofralarımıza girmeye başlamış, başlangıçta "ev dondurmacılığı" şeklinde ev ve tekke gibi alanlarda yapılmış, daha sonra ise sokağa taşınarak yaz günlerinin aranan tatlısı ve ticari bir emtiası olmuştur. Dondurma, başlangıçta muhallebici, helvacı, fındıkçı, kestaneci, kahveci gibi esnaflar tarafından satılırken daha sonra ihtisas bir meslek haline gelerek dondurmacılık mesleğinin ortaya çıktığı düşünülmektedir. 19. yüzyıl başlarında dondurmacılık mesleğinin bulunduğu ancak kar ve buz temininde hoşabçı ve şerbetçi esnafının dondurmacılara göre daha öncelikli olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bunun olası nedeni hoşabcı ve şerbetçi mesleklerinin dondurmacılık mesleğine göre daha köklü olmasıdır. 18. ve 19. yüzyıllarda Osmanlı sarayında da dondurmanın ikram edildiği hatta 1910 yılında sarayda "mâbeyn-i hümâyûn dondurmacılığı" adı altında bir meslek grubunun bulunduğu görülmektedir.
Musa Celil’in “Moabit Defterleri” Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: KAMALİEVA Alsu
Published: May 2022

Musa Celil, 1906'da dünyaya gelmiş ve otuz dokuz yıllık kısa bir yaşamın ardından 1945 yılında hayata veda etmiş, fakat bu kısa zamana çok sayıda ölümsüz eseri sığdırabilmiş önemli bir Tatar şairidir. Bu kısa süre içerisinde verdiği eserlerle Tatar sanatçılarına ilham kaynağı olmuş ve Tatar sanat dünyasında adı konulmamış yeni bir edebî akımın ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Musa Celil, birçok önemli eserini İkinci Dünya Savaşı yıllarında tutuklu kaldığı Alman Moabit Toplama Kampı'nda oldukça zor şartlar altında yazmıştır. Burada yazdığı şiirleri, Tatar halkı tarafından dilden dile ulaştırılarak çoğaltılmış, ölümünden sonra da "Moabit Defterleri" adı altında kitaplaştırılarak yayınlanmıştır. Bu şiirlerde vatan sevgisi, vatan özlemi, gurbet, sevgiliye ve dostlara duyulan hasret ile kahramanlık duyguları yoğun olarak işlenmektedir. Musa Celil'in bu şiirlerinde kendisine özgü dil ve üslup özellikleri dikkat çeker.
Endülüs Bilim Tarihçisi ve Oryantalist Prof. Dr. Mercè Comes Maymó (1949-2010)
Authors: AYAN Dursun
Published: May 2022

Prof. Dr. Mercè Comes Endülüs matematiksel coğrafyası, astronomisi ve Arap dili ve bilimi konularında Barselona Üniversitesi'nin seçkin öğretim üyelerindendi. Şubat 2010'da vefatından önce aşağıda belirtilen kurumlarda görev aldı, yöneticilik yaptı: Uluslar Arası Bilim Tarihi ve Felsefesi Birliği (International Union for the History and Philosophy of Science) (UHPS), Uluslar Arası Bilim Tarihi Akademisi (International Academy of History of Science), İslam Toplumları Bilim ve Teknoloji Tarihi Komisyonu (The Commission on History of Science and Technology in Islamic Societies) (CHSTIS), Katalan Araştırmaları Enstitüsü (Institut d'Estudis Catalans) (IEC). Prof. Mercè Comes'in son çalışması Akdeniz haritalarını konu alan İspanya Kültür Bakanlığı'nın "Cartografía náutica árabe en el contexto mediterráneo (ss. XIII - XVI), influencias entre oriente y occidente" adlı projesi olmuştur. Bu yazıda okuyucu Prof. Comes'in yayınlanan çalışma ve çevirilerinin bir listesini bulacaktır.
Peyami Safa Öykücülüğüne Tematik Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: HARMANCI Abdullah
Published: May 2022

Daha çok romancılığı ile tanınan Peyami Safa, öykü türünde de çok sayıda eser vermiştir. Peyami Safa'nın edebiyat dünyasınca adının duyulmasının gazetelerde yayımladığı öyküleriyle olduğu hatırlanırsa, yazarın öykücülüğünün onun edebi portresini daha iyi anlamamızı sağlayacak nitelikte olduğu dikkat çeker. Yıllar sonra vereceği eserlerinin çekirdeğini oluşturan öyküleri, daha çok insanların şehevi arzularını ön plana alan aşk temasına yönelmiştir. Bunun dışında, ölüm, yoksulluk, hastalık, hırsızlık, savaş, ahlaki yozlaşma gibi temalarda da öyküler yazmıştır. Makalemizde; Peyami Safa'nın öykülerinde işlediği konular yazarın metinlerinden örnekler verilerek incelenmeye çalışılacaktır.
Peyami Safa’nın Eserlerinde Güzel Sanatlar
Authors: KARACA İsmail
Published: May 2022

Peyami Safa, Türk düşünce, kültür ve sanat hayatının en önemli şahsiyetlerinden biridir. Türk edebiyatına damga vuran önemli romanlarının dışında bilgi ve kültür birikimiyle Türk fikir hayatında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Yazar, romanlarının dışında yazılarında, sohbet ve röportajlarında roman, edebiyat, kültür, güzel sanatlar gibi pek çok konudaki düşüncelerini ortaya koymuştur. Biz de bildirimizde romanlarından, yazılarından, röportajlarından hareketle "Peyami Safa'nın Eserlerinde Güzel Sanatlar"ı göstermeye çalıştık.
Dokuzuncu Hariciye Koğuşu Romanında ‘Ben Anlatım’ Yöntemi ve Sorunları
Authors: TEKİN Mehmet
Published: May 2022

Bu incelemede, Peyami Safa'nın Dokuzuncu Hariciye Koğuşu romanı otobiyografik yöntem açısından incelenmiş; bu bağlamda yöntemin roman açısından olumlu ve olumsuz yönleri tartışılmıştır.
Kassandra Damgası’nda Kronotop Kavramı
Authors: ARSEVEN Tülin
Published: May 2022

Cengiz Aytmatov'un Kassandra Damgası adlı eseri, ele aldığı konu ve kurgusu bakımından yazarın diğer romanlarından farklı bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu romanda yazar mitolojik kahraman Kassandra'ya gönderme yaparak insanlığın sonuna dair öngörülerde bulunmaktadır. Edebiyat araştırmalarının temel amacı literatüre kaynak oluşturmak, yazarı ve eseri tanıtmak ve okurda estetik zevk oluşmasını sağlamaktır. Edebiyat araştırmalarının bir yönünü de yazar ile eser arasındaki ilgi oluşturmaktadır. 20. yüzyılın önde gelen edebiyat eleştirmeni ve kuramcısı Mihail Bahtin, kitaplarında ve makalelerinde yazar ile eser arasındaki ilişkiyi türlü yönlerden sorgular. Metnin yazarından ne ölçüde etkilendiği meselesini tartışır. Bahtin, yazarın yazdığı metnin kimi zaman diyaloglarına kimi zaman da kronotopuna sızdığını söyler. Bu çalışmada da yazar eser ilişkisi bağlamında Kassandra Damgası, kronotop kavramı çerçevesinde ele alınarak, romanın zaman ve mekân ilişkisi irdelenecektir.
Tatar Yazarı Galimcan Gıylmanov’un “Uçan İnsanlar” Adlı Romanında Mitoloji
Authors: YURİLİNA YILDIRIM Ramilya
Published: May 2022

Son yıllarda özgürlüğüne kavuşan ve yaratıcılık yoluna çıkan Tatar nesrinde hem gerçekçilik metodu çerçevesinde, hem romantizm akımı dışında eserler meydana geldi. Arkaik, kozmik vb. gibi mitolojiyi edebi eserin temeline alan konular işlendi. Tatar nesrinde arkaik tip imajlar ve yeni mit yaratma çabalarının yaygın olduğunu görüyoruz. Çağdaş yazarlar, mitolojik imajları ve eski motifleri ele alarak onları ana probleme uygun bir şekilde kullanıyorlar, değiştiriyorlar, kendi mitlerini yaratıyorlar. G. Gıylmanov'un "Oça Torgan Keşeler" yani "Uçan İnsanlar" adlı nesrinde kozmik mit ve dağ mitolojik imajı kullanılarak, eski kültürümüz ile bugünkü hayat arasında bağlantı kuruluyor. Gerçek ve mitolojik konuların sentezi yardımıyla bizim bildiğimiz gerçek hayata, oradaki kanunlara, çevremize, hatta kendi yaşam tarzımıza yön veriliyor. Anahtar Kelimeler: Tatar edebiyatı, Galimcan Cıylmanov, kozmik mit, mitoloji, dağ poetik imajı, lirik-felsefi bakış.
Anadolu’ da Antik Dönemden Cumhuriyete Uzanan Bir Yerleşim: Selçikler
Authors: TORUK Ferruh
Published: May 2022

Çalışmamızda öncelikle kasabanın tarihsel süreç içerisinde fiziksel dokusunun oluşumuna yer verilmiştir. Bu bağlamda yerleşimin, topografik ve coğrafi konumu üzerinde durulmuş ve ayrıca İlk Tunç ve Kalkolitik dönemden başlayarak; Bizans, Selçuklu ve Osmanlı yerleşim sahalarını içine alacak şekilde fiziksel gelişimi tarihsel süreç içerisinde ele alınmıştır. Devamında, bölgedeki tümülüsler ve kiliselerde yapılan kazı çalışmaları ile nekropol alanında yapılan yüzey araştırmalarına değinilmiş ve bu alanların; İzmir II. Numaralı Kültür ve Tabiat Varlıklarını Koruma Kurulu'nun 21.01.1983 tarih ve A-4049 sayılı kararı ile 1 ve 3. derece arkeolojik sit alanı ilan edilmesi neticesinde, tescilli ve tescile değer tarihi anıtlar, kendi içlerinde sınıflandırılarak incelenmiştir. Son bölümde İzmir II. Numaralı Tabiat Varlıklarını Koruma Kurulu'nun almış olduğu kararlar doğrultusunda 1/5000 ve 1/1000 ölçekli koruma amaçlı imar planı kapsamında tarihi anıtların korunması için öneriler dile getirilmiştir.
Şiire Öykünen Öykü: Necati Tosuner’in Kısa Öykülerinde Şiirin Ayak Sesleri
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Tacettin
Published: May 2022

Küçürek öykü ile şiir arasında çok yakın bir ilişki vardır. Türkiye'de şiirle kısa öykü arasındaki kan bağını vurgulayan ve yazdıklarıyla belgeleyen isimler arasında yakın dönem öykücüsü Necati Tosuner de bulunur. Yazar, "çok kısa öykü" diye adlandırdığı küçürek öykünün tanımımı yaparken "öykünün romandan çok şiire yakın durduğunun bir kanıtıdır" der. Bu düşünceyle örtüşen Tosuner'in kısa öyküleri, dize ve imge öykünmeleriyle açıklanabilecek özellikler gösterir. Gruplandırmak gerekirse, şiirin dizesine ve imgesine öykünür.

Bu makalede, Necati Tosuner'e ait kısa öykülerde şiirin dize ve imge ögeleri aranacak, seçilen metinler bu gruplandırma çevresinde incelenecektir. Özetle, Tosuner'in kısa öykülerinde şiirin ayak izleri sürülecektir.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF «GREEN» ECONOMY IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   SHEE «Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman», Samoilenko Alla
Published: May 2022

The article considers the current and more significant «green» economy determinants, factors and reasons for its development. The definition of the term «green economy» according to various author's interpretations is presented. The state actions in the context of ensuring the national economies «greening» in the global cooperation framework are identified. The author clarified the system of the «green» economy evaluation indicators. It allowed to present significant indices that represent the development processes of the «green» economy not only in terms of quantitative but also qualitative value. Ecological methods of production and consumption were updated, which will result in meeting the sustainable development goals. It will be also able to guarantee the security of mankind further development on the principles of «living in harmony with nature». As a result, it was found that in order to ensure environmental and social sustainability, various international rankings began to be formed. With the help of these rankings a comprehensive assessment made it possible to identify the country's position in the global economy, assess the effectiveness of its institutions, policies and more. The index values of the «green» economy was proved to allow to assess the degree of ecological development of the country's policy, its opportunities to approach the conditions of sustainable development, creating favorable conditions for multilateral cooperation in the field of environmental protection. Prospects and opportunities for further development and cooperation of countries in the innovative renewal direction of the new format «green» economy concept are identified. It is noted that the world community, cooperating in the direction of the concept of «green» economy development intensification aims to create an effective environment for economic and social progress. In this direction, countries are working to minimize the negative impact on the environment and the efficient use of natural resources while maintaining a decent standard of living. Thus, it was found that the modern concept of «green» economy unites the world community with a single goal - to overcome environmental problems in order to preserve the environment quality, rational use of natural resources and achieve sustainable development goals.
COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN BUSINESS CYCLES OF THE WORLD ECONOMY
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Dergachova Viktoriia , Holiuk Viktoriia ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Koleshnia Yana ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: May 2022

Despite the significant amount of papers on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of the global economy, its place in business cycles remains unstated, that limits the ability to predict its impact on the global economy within cycle development theory. That is why this study focuses on the analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economic dynamics and its place in the business cycles of the world economy. The study conducted a brief review and identified the main features of the pandemic impact on various sectors of the economy. The most probable directions of further development of the world economy are determined. The results of the study show that the pandemic has caused the great damage to some industries. However, significant progress has been made in the other fields that could be a major driver of economic growth in the 21th century. In the paper econometric models developed for analysis and forecasting of pandemic impact on economic development of different countries are considered. The article investigates the role of the modern pandemic in small, medium and long cycles. Based on statistics of some post-socialist countries, the place of the pandemic in the Kitchin and Juglar cycles has been demonstrated. Particular attention is paid to the periodization of K-cycles, as one of the most controversial issues in the theory of business cycles, and the authors’ vision of the place of the current stage of development of the world economy in long cycles is stated. The study of the place of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kondratiev's large cycles gives the authors reason to claim that it occurred at the end of the 5th K-cycle and significantly deepened the existing problems of world development, although it should be noted that some scientists believe that 6 The K-cycle has already begun. Although the scale of the decline in development is significant, studies of so-called "mini-cycles" pushed by the tightening of epidemiological constraints show that easing constraints is accompanied with a rapid economic recovery. The analysis show how soon we can expect a significant revival of business activity.
WAYS TO IMPROVE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION MECHANISMS FOR THE FORMATION OF A POSITIVE IMAGE OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES IN UKRAINE
Authors:   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Kalashnikova Khrystyna , Shevchenko Viktoriia ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: May 2022

The formation of a modern system of public administration in Ukraine requires adequate information support from the state authorities. The development of new communicative forms and methods of interaction between the authorities and the population, on the one hand, and the availability of public response, on the other, should stimulate a positive image of politicians and support for democratic transformation of the country as a whole. The image of state authorities, including the image of central executive bodies, is evaluative. The level of assessment of the image of public authorities by citizens may vary in accordance with the socio-political, economic and cultural conditions of society. The article identifies the main tasks of communication units in public authorities. Proposals for improving the information and communication mechanisms for the formation of a positive image of public authorities in Ukraine are presented. Specific proposals for the development of information and communication mechanisms for the formation of a positive image in the field of interaction between government and the media are proposed. The peculiarities of using the components of the information and communication mechanism of forming a positive image of the professional activity of the managerial staff are systematized. The most important task of government management is to master modern approaches to the collection, processing and effective use of information, methods and tools for its updating. The timeliness and urgency of making and implementing public administration decisions to support the socio-economic growth of the state and improve the social welfare of the population and the country as a whole will depend on the solution of this issue. It is determined that the improvement of information and communication mechanisms for the formation of a positive image should take place in four main areas, in particular: expanding the system of public relations; increasing the interaction of state power and mass media; improving the mechanism of providing public services; optimization of the personnel mechanism.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESSES QUALITY ASSESSMENT BASED ON THE ENTROPIC CONCEPT
Authors:   Odessa National Maritime University, Obronova Alesia
Published: May 2022

Quality management is one of the areas of knowledge in project management and implies two components - the quality of the product and the project management processes quality. In modern literature, considerable attention is paid to the first component - the quality of the product. It is explained by the fact that this direction is connected both ideologically and methodically with quality management system (QMS), international quality standards, which is well represented in various modern research. The project management processes quality is a property of the management system and reflects its ability to successfully control and implement a project. Since the success of a project is the achievement of the project's goals and intended results in a timely manner within the established budget constraints, the management processes quality is associated precisely with ensuring the project success. This understanding of the management processes quality is considered as the basis in this study. Naturally, the presence and degree of such a property as the management processes quality should be assessed both at the beginning and throughout the entire project life cycle. This allows, on the one hand, to assess and monitor the project success; on the other hand, to identify problems in order to take adequate corrective actions. In this study, entropy is considered as an integral indicator for the project management processes quality, characterizing the project "manageability" and "confidence" in certain project results. This is a new approach essence to the information entropy use, which does not contradict existing theories and approaches, but complements and develops them. In this research, taking into account the entropic concept, it is proposed to use the information entropy as an indicator of project management processes quality, which is considered as the management system ability to minimize, through preventive or adaptive measures, uncertainty or negative external and internal impact on the project to ensure the project success.
THE IMPACT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION PROCESSES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Вінницький національний аграрний університет, Tomashuk Inna
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of rural development of Ukraine in the context of the European integration perspective of our state. Particular attention is paid to the study of the evolution of EU economic policy aimed at rural development, as well as priorities of institutional and organizational and economic development of rural areas of Ukraine, aimed at maximizing the experience of EU countries. The ways of overcoming the existing socio-economic, institutional and demographic problems of the native village on the principles and principles of EU economic policy are outlined. The main reasons and main directions of spreading negative trends in rural development in Ukraine are described. Options for adapting the EU experience to domestic realities are proposed. Socio-economic trends in rural development in the context of economic and food security of both the EU and Ukraine have been studied. An assessment of the existing socio-economic potential for the development of rural areas of Ukraine in terms of prospects for further European integration of our country. The regional aspects of development of rural territories of Ukraine in the conditions of increase of their competitiveness on the basis of global competition are defined. The main directions of formation of innovative agricultural production and multifunctional development of rural economy of Ukraine are outlined. Methodical recommendations on improving the infrastructure of rural areas in order to increase their competitiveness in the context of European integration are identified. Priorities for improving the socio-demographic situation in rural areas in the context of improving the quality of human capital have been identified. Measures to improve the investment climate in rural areas through the use of innovative levers for their integrated development are proposed. Recommendations for public authorities and local self-government are proposed, which are aimed at overcoming the existing differences in the legal and institutional support for the development of rural areas of Ukraine and the EU at the national and regional levels.
STATE REGULATION OF THE STOCK EXCHANGE IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES AND IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Lviv University of Trade and Economics, Horbanevych Vitaliy , Ivanyuta Pavlo ,   Vinnitsya Cooperative Institute
Published: May 2022

In this article considers that the stock market is the object of state regulation which substantiates the main aspects of the formation of the stock exchange within financial market. Here given characteristic of regulatory infrastructure of financial market, revealed the essence of its state regulation in general and stock exchange in particular. Since the stock market is a more to spreading basis of financial market, than he necessarily primes state regulation as matter element economical system of the each country. The mainly in this article by illuminated foreign experience of formation and improvement stock market, where by indicated state institutions as appointed conducting regulation of exchange trades such as state power bodies, state departments, self-regulation organization, norm-legal providing. Because the stock market in the that or other countries characterized primarily by the volume of the stock exchange trades stocks, and also number of securities, what to located in turnover on the stock exchanges. This is where it is advisable to reveal the features of the state regulation in the European countries and implement this comparison with domestic realities, at what stage they are. For this in article by formation and generalities the structure of National securities and stock market commission, as single body of regulation of sphere stocks exchange in the state. In high-developed countries the main direction of improving the system of state regulation financial market is its adaptation to condition World market, in first duty, legal base and by taking standards what to concerning financial tools, securities issues and other. But in middle-developed countries basis task for body of regulation is a involvement of massed investor, introduction of new tools, improvement of the technological structure of market. Exactly from activities regulatory bodies it depends on the level of transparency the financial market, which is the most important means of protecting investors and allows them to better evaluation the possible risks, and therefore increase the efficiency of the market as a whole. And based on this there is a practical possibility for improvement state regulation of domestic stock market with aim increasing effectiveness in the economics Ukraine.
BUSINESS ANALYTICS AS A BASIS FOR MAKING MANAGERIAL DECISIONS IN TERMS OF USING INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Biloskurskyi Ruslan , Skraschuk Larisa ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University
Published: May 2022

The article explores and systematizes different approaches to defining the concept of business intelligence as a generalized term that characterizes the technology of preparation, storage and accumulation of data, data management, and their visualization. The use of management analytics provides users with the necessary information, thus ensuring optimal management decisions. The main trends in the development of business intelligence are reflected. One of the effective methods of decision theory is modeling based on business intelligence. Combining modeling with the capabilities of modern information technology, we get a universal tool for training and making management decisions. By modeling different scenarios of enterprise development, thus simulating its behavior, you can analyze the dynamics of enterprise development and choose the best possible options. The necessity of automation of production processes with the use of modern information technologies is proved. The use of these systems will provide: input of primary information; data processing and storage; automated generation of necessary reports and source information; prompt reflection of the state of economic facilities for timely decisions. The inexpediency of using ERP-class systems for automation of small enterprises is shown. In such cases, there is a need to develop an information system that would be aimed at optimizing production activities, reducing production costs and providing access to reporting analytical information necessary for effective management decisions. Structurally, it is formed from a set of interconnected functional subsystems that provide solutions to a number of problems, including long-term production development planning, operational management of material and financial resources, as well as sales and sales of finished products and business analysis. The advantages of using the information system in terms of automation of management business analytics processes on the example of the Ukrainian software product "A2" are analyzed. The development and implementation of an automated information system based on A2 has significantly facilitated and automated the process of obtaining analytical information and making adequate management decisions.
IMPROVING THE SYSTEM OF STATE REGULATION AS A COMPONENT OF THE INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISM OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Podolsk State Agrarian Technical University, Zhuk Mykola
Published: May 2022

The article highlights the role of the state as an element of the institutional mechanism in increasing the multiplicative effect of agricultural development. The tasks of the state agrarian policy aimed at achieving certain strategic goals have been identified. The directions of functioning of the institutional mechanism of agricultural sector development are outlined: improvement of normative-legal provision and system of state planning of agricultural sector development, formation of effective mechanism of state support of agricultural producers, improvement of structure of state regulation institution, overcoming institutional traps of state regulation of agrarian sector. The signs of the mechanism of state support for the development of agricultural production in Ukraine, which is represented by a set of organizational and functional institutions, are given. The main instruments of state support of agricultural production are highlighted: measures for preferential and priority lending for investment projects; preferential insurance of crops of certain agricultural crops; distribution of budget funds in different directions. The state subsidizes interest rates on loans to agricultural production entities, the formation of regional and state food funds, leasing, etc. The importance of approximation of the legislation of Ukraine to the regulations in force in the EU in the field of technical regulation of the lists of national standards, which are identical to the harmonized European standards, is determined. The main problems in the domestic agricultural sector are outlined. It is noted that the formation and implementation of state support mechanisms should ensure the development of peasant farms, financing of production and social infrastructure, soft loans and insurance of agricultural activities, streamlining the tax system. It is important to achieve optimal interaction between the use of market relations and rational state intervention in agriculture. The main components of the institutional mechanism of state support of the agricultural sector in modern conditions are offered.
DEVELOPMENT OF MANAGERIAL DECISIONS FORA COMPANY IN CRISIS: ASPECTS AND STAGES
Authors:   Dniprovsky State Technical University, Gurzhiy Tamara
Published: May 2022

In order to properly prepare for a crisis, overcome and recover from it with minimal losses, a company needs to design an efficient system for developing and making managerial decisions when running a company that prevents a crisis or contributes to such managerial decisions that allow one to successfully and timely overcome crisis phenomena. The purpose of the article is to study the process of developing and making managerial decisions in anti-crisis management. The research allowed the authors to substantiate the aspects behind the development and decision-making process in a crisis situation: limited time for decision-making; limited resources; uncertainty of aspects behind managerial decision-making; psychological stress; the level of significance of individual risk perception for the person making managerial decisions in crisis; the need for decision-making skills in crisis situations and the immediate assessment of new information; flexibility in making managerial decisions; social pressure on the decision-making process in a crisis. The process of developing managerial decisions in anti-crisis management consists of three stages: identification of the situation; development of alternative scenarios for anti-crisis solutions; selection of the optimal managerial solution in anti-crisis management. This process is shown as dynamic with interaction and feedback between all stages. At the identification stage, it is important not only to use certain standards (models) for assessing the probability of bankruptcy, but also the complex, often non-standard indicators and assessment methods. The authors attach special importance to teamwork and group mentality, reaching consensus in different views at the stage of development and selection of the optimal solution. For the successful implementation of managerial decision-making process in anti-crisis management, it is advisable to use the recommendations of foreign scientists regarding the need to train personnel, improve their experience, develop active mindset and communications in companies.
TO THE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES IN CONDITIONS OF CLIMATIC EQUILIBRIUM
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drachuk Yurii , Trushkina Nataliia ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Zerkal Anastasiia ,   Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic National University
Published: May 2022

The article deals with environmental safety, actions against climate change. The climate change issue is currently a major concern in most of developed countries, where the issue of global warming degradation caused by carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) arise. The necessity to take into account environmental factors in market economy conditions is becoming an increasingly important factor in terms of competition since economic and administrative sanctions are intensified for violating the legal requirements concerning environmental protection. The gradual reduction of the waste produced by the metallurgical industry, the expansion of recycling opportunities, neutralization, environmentally safe disposal of it for reuse contributes to an increase in the level of environmental safety. The directions for reducing carbon emissions CO2 by industrial enterprises, modernizing production and management up to the European level, increasing the efficiency of industrial enterprises, and reducing the impact on the environment are pitched out. To stimulate the industry, the EU countries tend to introduce high taxes. The directions for reducing carbon emissions CO2 by industrial enterprises, modernizing production and management up to the European level, increasing the efficiency of industrial enterprises, and reducing the impact on the environment are picked out. In modern conditions, management is focused on innovative solutions for the use of slag waste produced by the metallurgical industry. In this regard, to ensure sustainable competitive advantages of enterprises, an important resource is the commercial consciousness of employees. Cooperation and trust, through personnel exchanging knowledge, contributes to the improvement of organizational capabilities. This is necessary in the management of industrial enterprises in modern conditions of climatic balance. The metallurgical sector has been singled out, requiring more and more attention and pressure from environmentalists to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. And this depends on the implementation of specific steps to use new climate-friendly technologies in the production of steel and iron, on the search for effective policies and incentives for steel plants, where as early as next decade the growing demand of the mankind for steel would not be under the threat of achieving climatic balance.
First report about ants associated with Diaphorina citri Kuwayama in Mexican lime (Citrus aurantiifolia Swingle) in the Apatzingán Valley, Michoacán, México
Authors: Avendaño-Gutiérrez Francisco Javier , Escalante-Jiménez Ana Leticia , Hernández-Nuñez Julio César , Reyes-González Bernardo , Vásquez-Bolaños Miguel , Morales-Guerrero Alejandro
Published: May 2022

Objective: To carry out taxonomic studies that determine which formicine species are associated with the cultivation of Mexican lime.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was conducted in eight municipalities and 59 localities of the Apatzingán Valley region, Michoacán, Mexico, where Mexican lime (Citrus aurantiifolia Swingle) is produced. A randomized complete blocks design was used in the experiment, where each municipality represented a block. The repetitions were the number of collections, while the experimental unit was a lime sprout infested with Diaphorina citri and ants. The collections were direct and were made with an entomological aspirator. The values obtained were analyzed with the SAS University Edition software (2018).

Results: The studied ants belong to the Dolichoderinae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae, Pseudomyrmecinae, and Ponerinae subfamilies, which represent 15 genera and the same number of species. The subfamilies with the greatest presence in the eight municipalities were: Myrmicinae, Dolichoderinae, and Formicinae. The species with the highest impact were Paratrechina longicornis, Forelius mccooki, and Atta mexicana, while Cardiocondyla minutior and Odontomachus sp. had a lower impact.

Study limitations/implications: Social insecurity in the eight municipalities and the new form of coexistence.

Findings/Conclusions: The studied species prefer dry, warm, and disturbed sites
Considerações estéticas e didáticas para o ensino de literatura: uma apropriação materialista histórico-dialética de João Cabral de Melo Neto
Authors: Nardy João Pedro , Teixeira Lucas André
Published: May 2022

A poesia de João Cabral de Melo Neto está com seu lugar garantido nos atuais programas educacionais sobre ensino de literatura? Partindo de uma crítica radical do estado da arte pedagógica, considera-se que não. A tendência vigente hoje tende a descartá-lo juntamente com outras produções literárias preciosas, dentro de um processo maior de esvaziamento dos conteúdos escolares. Por que a valorização da poesia necessita de uma teoria pedagógica substantiva, histórica e crítica; e por que a poesia de Cabral é relevante para uma perspectiva educativa emancipadora e crítica? Em outras palavras, o trabalho ressalta a importância da Pedagogia Histórico-crítica para os educadores e estudiosos de João Cabral, por um lado; e a importância de João Cabral para os educadores que assumem tanto a PHC quanto outras perspectivas críticas em educação, por outro. Para resolver esse problema, analisa-se o poema “O Rio”, e discute-se a “teoria do reflexo estético”, de György Lukács, bem como a contribuição de A. Leontiev para a Teoria da Atividade, considerada oportuna para o problema do direcionamento ou não direcionamento do processo educativo e de suas necessidades, questões existentes no cerne da atual problematização pedagógica.
Influence of social conditions and ideological upbringing on the education of soviet pedagogical institute students in the 1960s
Authors: Smirnitsky Alexander Evgenievich , Smirnitsky Nina Vladimirovna , Shurshikova Anna Vladimirovna , Shlyakhov Mikhail Yurievich , Nochvina Bella Anatolyevna
Published: May 2022

O estudo é realizado no âmbito da tendência em desenvolvimento na ciência histórica russa — a história da vida cotidiana. Particular atenção é dada ao estudo de várias formas organizacionais de vida da comunidade estudantil soviética em uma cidade provinciana, como Gorky naquela época, durante um período difícil e intenso na política interna e externa da história da URSS. Os autores utilizam o método local de pesquisa histórica, mostrando a história do país pelo prisma da história de um determinado locus. Materiais da imprensa periódica dedicados à vida estudantil e aos problemas mais preocupantes dos alunos estão envolvidos no estudo. A novidade do artigo está na introdução de diversas fontes inéditas que lançam luz sobre alguns aspectos da vida da comunidade estudantil, aliando o método local com a história do cotidiano.
Impact of education and training on the development of an organization’s intellectual capital in the digital economy
Authors: Shumik Ekaterina Georgievna , Bembeev Maxim Nikolaevich , Blinov Mikhail Pavlovich
Published: May 2022

Uma tendência contemporânea urgente no desenvolvimento do sistema econômico é o desenvolvimento de tecnologias digitais, que se intensificou devido à pandemia de coronavírus. Nessa fase, o papel do capital intelectual como principal fator de formação do sistema da economia digital está aumentando, o que torna necessário melhorar as ferramentas para sua formação e desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi considerar mudanças nos elementos do capital intelectual de uma organização no contexto da economia digital, em comparação com a economia tradicional. A pesquisa conduzida permitiu concluir sobre a mudança no conteúdo dos elementos do capital intelectual, bem como sobre a mudança de ênfase tanto dentro dos elementos como entre eles. Os resultados podem ser usados como uma diretriz na tomada de decisões gerenciais destinadas a formar e desenvolver o capital intelectual da organização, considerando as especificidades dos processos de digitalização da economia.
Corporate responsibility stimulation instruments: management and education
Authors: Bagratuni Karine Yurevna , Zubenko Vyacheslav Vasilyevich , Zueva Irina Anatolievna , Sibiryaev Alexey Sergeevich
Published: May 2022

A história da participação do Estado na implementação e gestão da responsabilidade social corporativa é investigada. São analisadas as principais abordagens para a regulamentação da responsabilidade social corporativa utilizadas na prática internacional. Observa-se que, na Rússia moderna, a participação do Estado no estímulo à responsabilidade social corporativa carece da abordagem sistêmica que requer o estabelecimento de metas e instrumentos de estímulo específicos. Vários instrumentos de educação e estímulo financeiro da responsabilidade social corporativa que podem ser usados na implementação de componentes individuais da responsabilidade social corporativa na prática das entidades empresariais são desenvolvidos. São apresentadas recomendações para a implementação prática do mecanismo organizacional e econômico para a gestão da responsabilidade social corporativa.
Impact of pedagogical approaches on the outcome of socialization of preschool children
Authors: Butenko Natalia Valentinovna , Galyant Irina Gennadievna , Permyakova Nadezhda Evgenievna , Bekhtereva Elena Nikolaevna , Galkina Ludmila Nikolaevna
Published: May 2022

O artigo atualiza o problema do estabelecimento de crianças pré-escolares como indivíduos socializados no contexto do estudo dos aspectos pedagógicos e psicológicos da socialização. O processo de socialização infantil efetiva é examinado com base na implementação de abordagens metodológicas (genéticas, histórico-culturais, axiológicas, de gênero) e princípios (do desenvolvimento, integridade e reciprocidade das relações sociais e interpessoais) proporcionando uma resolução multivariada do problema. O estudo aborda as condições para a introdução de uma criança à sociedade em sua interação com o mundo como um sujeito ativo da situação social de desenvolvimento em uma comunidade de eventos criança-adulto em que os adultos se tornam iniciadores e participantes em transformações inovadoras do mundo social infantil. Os resultados do estudo realizado na forma de uma experiência pedagógica de verificação abrangente pretendem estudar a natureza multifatorial do processo dinâmico de realizações “extracurriculares” (socialização) de crianças pré-escolares nas condições de organizações educacionais pré-escolares.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Teks pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris di SMPN 2 Kumai
Authors: Suratinem Suratinem
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine student learning outcomes in English subjects by applying text-based learning, increasing activity, and student learning outcomes. The results showed that the learning process using the Text-Based Learning model was BKOF (Building Knowledge of Field), MOT (Modelling of Text), and JCOT (Join Construction of Text). The implementation of the research from cycle 1 to cycle 2 has improved. This study shows that student learning outcomes have increased after the action. The percentage of students who have not completed continues to decline from cycle 1 to cycle 2 (from 26.47% to 8.82%). The percentage of students who have completed has increased from cycle 1 to cycle 2 (from 73.53% to 91.18%). The indicator of the success of this CAR is that this CAR is said to be successful if the percentage of students whose learning outcomes are assessed as complete reaches a minimum of 85%. The table shows that the percentage of students whose grades have been completed has reached 91.18%, so this CAR has been successful.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Psikomotorik Siswa Pada Materi Lompat Jauh Gaya Hang Style Berbantukan Media Punching-Pad
Authors: Jauhari Muslih
Published: May 2022

Mata pelajaran Pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan (penjasorkes) merupakan mata pelajaran yang mempunyai aspek luas. Tidak hanya bertujuan untuk meningkatan aspek fisik saja, namun penjasorkes berusaha untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, kemampuan sosial dengan melatih kejujuran dan sportifitas, kerja sama, dan mengembangkan sikap positif dalam diri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah penggunaan media Punching-Pad dalam pembelajaran lompat jauh gaya hang style pada mata pelajaran penjasorkes dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar psikomotorik siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan (action research). Terdapat dua putaran dimana setiap putaran terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu: rancangan, kegiatan dan pengamatan, refleksi dan refisi. Objek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 2 Banjar Tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Data yang diperoleh berupa hasil tes formatif, lembar observasi kegiatan belajar mengajar. Dari hasil analis didapatkan bahwa prestasi belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dalam pembelajaran lompat jauh gaya hang style dengan media Punching-Pad. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dampak positif dalam peningkatan hasil belajar ditandai dengan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar dalam setiap siklus, yaitu siklus I (73,53 %) dan siklus II (91,18 %). Penerapan metode ini memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar serta dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternative penjasorkes.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Ips Melalui Penerapan Metode Problem Solving Di SMPN 2 Pulau Malan
Authors: Arinda Timur Yohan
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan analisis deskriptif. Subjek dan lokasi penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII SMPN 2 Pulau Malan yang yang dibelajarkan dengan penerapan problem solving. Objek penelitian ini berupa hasil pembelajaran penerpan problem solving untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran IPS. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan angket tertutup, wawancara tidak terstruktur, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode statistik dengan rumus persentase.

Hasil penelitian tentang penerapan Problem Solving menujukan peningkatan hasil belajar IPS dengan menggunakan metode problem solving yaitu perolehan nilai rata-rata yang setiap siklusnya mengalami peningkatan. Siklus I nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh sebesar 6,57, pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan yaitu 7,57, dan mengalami peningkatan lagi pada siklus III yaitu memperoleh nilai rata-rata 8,33. Selain nilai rata-rata, aktivitas siswa juga mengalami peningkatan diantaranya aspek mengajukan pertanyaan pada siklus I sebesar 16,67%, siklus II sebesar 10%, dan siklus III sebesar 25%. Aspek menanggapi respon siswa lain pada siklus I sebesar 21,67%, siklus II sebesar 13,34%, dan silklus III sebesar 18,34%. Aspek menjawab pertanyaan pada siklus I sebesar 16,67%, siklus II sebesar 66,67%, dan pada siklus III sebesar 78,33%. Aspek memperhatikan penjelasan guru pada siklus I sebesar 71, 67%, siklus II sebesar 85%, dan silus III sebesar 90%. Aspek diskusi kelompok pada siklus I 66,67%, siklus II sebesar 86,67%, dan siklus III 96,67%. Aspek diskusi kelas pada siklus I sebesar 81,67%, siklus II sebesar 86,67%, dan pada siklus III sebesar 100%.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Dan Baca Pada Siswa Kelas II SDN 3 Telangkah Melalui Model Pembelajaran Menyanyi
Authors: Ristinae Ristinae
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa, aktivitas siswa dan aktivitas guru pada pembelajaran menulis dan baca dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran menyanyi.Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Perlakuan untuk 2 siklus disamakan hanya perbedaan pada penanaman konsep awal. Pada siklus 1 siswa diminta untuk melantunkan kata dalam bentuk syair yang tepat dan melakukan gerakan pada siklus 2 siswa melakukan permainan dalam bentuk nyanyian

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi presentase peningkatan yaitu Pada siklus I, rata-rata skor menulis permulaan siswa sebesar 69 yang berarti mengalami peningkatan sebesar 22,6 dari hasil pratindakan sebesar 46,6. Kemudian pada siklus II, kemampuan menulis dan baca siswa semakin meningkat, yaitu sebesar 12,6 yang terhitung dari siklus I 69 menjadi 81,6 pada siklus II. Sedangkan dibandingkan dengan hasil skor pratindakan, pada siklus II telah terjadi peningkatan sebesar 35 terhitung dari skor hasil siklus II dikurangi skor hasil pratindakan, yaitu 81,6 dikurangi 46,4. Persentase ketuntasan belajar juga meningkat sesuai KKM 70. Pada tes pratindakan 10,34% meningkat menjadi 56,62% pada siklus I, meningkat lagi pada siklus II menjadi 100%.