bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence of the musculoskeletal system diseases in children and the organization of specialized care in Saint Petersburg
Authors: Baindurashvili Alexey G. , Vissarionov Sergey V. , Zaletina Anna V. , Lapkin Yuri A. , Schepina Elena N.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: The high prevalence of musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases, effects on the quality of life of children, and disability level are among the main medical and social problems.
AIM: To assess the morbidity rates and provision of medical care to St. Petersburg children with musculoskeletal diseases between 2017 and 2021.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data on the incidence of musculoskeletal diseases in children of St. Petersburg were analyzed based on the Federal statistical observation forms submitted by the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Institution Medical Center for Information and Analysis, collections of N.N. Priorov National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation “Trauma, orthopedic morbidity, the state of trauma and orthopedic care for the population,” edited by Acad. S.P. Mironov, RAS, and data from the Federal State Statistics Service.
RESULTS: In Saint Petersburg, the morbidity rate of musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases from 2017 to 2021 was 13%, excluding 2020, which was most likely due to the introduction of measures aimed at counteracting the spread of COVID-19 and the suspension of planned outpatient specialized care. The number of orthopedic beds for children decreased by 58, whereas the availability of beds for children remained at the same level and amounted to 4.3 beds per 10,000 children, which exceeded the indicator for the Russian Federation (1.0). The number of children with these disabilities increased 1.4-fold. Deaths of children due to musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases were recorded in 2019 and 2020.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of the 5-year observation period of musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases in children in St. Petersburg revealed increasing incidence because of the increase in the number of children newly diagnosed with these diseases.
Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of acute pain in children
Authors: Kenis Vladimir M.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: In children, injuries are the focus of attention both for the increasing incidence and necessity of pain management, and pain can be indicate the severity of injuries or serious complications that worsens the treatment results. Despite the obvious problem, information available in the literature regarding the theoretical and practical aspects of acute pain in children is often contradictory and needs to be systematized.
AIM: To present current information about the epidemiology, physiology, diagnosis, and treatment of acute pain in children to pediatric orthopedic and trauma specialists.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Selective analysis and narrative review of relevant studies analyzing the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of acute pain in children were performed.
RESULTS: Although various pain assessment tools are available, the clinical assessment of acute pain in children remains challenging. The use of these tools depends on the child’s age, cognitive and communication skills, and pain location. The term oligoanalgesia has been used to describe inadequate pain relief in the emergency department. Oligoanalgesia in children has negative physiological and psychological effects, sometimes with long-term consequences, and may negatively affect their future pain experiences. Parents often underestimate their child’s pain level and have serious misunderstandings about how children express pain. The World Health Organization has developed recommendations for pain management in children. Ibuprofen and paracetamol are recommended as analgesics for mild-to-moderate pain in children aged 3 months. This choice considered extensive data on the effectiveness and safety.
CONCLUSIONS: Personalized management strategies utilizing biopsychosocial approach will ensure that children are treated comprehensively according to their unique pain status.
Radial nanotubes for nanoelectronics elements: structure and diffraction
Authors: Khalitov Z.Y. , Fayzullin R.R. , Odintsov V.L. , Valeeva D.N.
Published: April 2024

Formulation of the problem. Nanotubes are promising objects for the development of nanoelectronic elements. The range of electronic properties of nanotubes can be significantly expanded by synthesizing structures on their surface. Such structures have a radial cylindrical lattice; a number of nanowires have a similar lattice. Radial crystals are a new group of cylindrical structures, the study of which is at an early stage. Therefore, it is necessary to develop both ideas about the structure of radial crystals and a method for their structural analysis. The aim. Consider the simplest radial structures and the features of diffraction by them. Results. A description of the close-packed structure of nanowires and atomic layers with bcc, fcc, and hcp radial lattices sorbed on the nanotube surfaces is proposed, taking into account the effect of radial relaxation. A linear approximation is proposed that makes it possible to quantitatively describe radial relaxation at the initial stage of block growth. The quantitative kinematic theory of Fraunhofer diffraction on achiral radial structures is considered as the basis for their structural analysis, and formulas relating the parameters of the direct and reciprocal lattices are obtained. The results of model calculations of scattering intensity distributions by layer planes of the reciprocal lattice of radial crystals and along the layer lines of their diffraction patterns are presented. Schemes of diffraction patterns of radial crystals with bcc, fcc, and hcp radial lattices are presented. The applicability of traditional selection rules and the significant dependence of the positions of pseudo-orthogonal reflections on the crystal size are shown. Practical significance. The proposed description of radial structures with bcc, fcc, and hcp radial lattices and the diffraction method of structural analysis of their achiral varieties will provide structural control of the products of their synthesis, which is necessary when carrying out a wide range of studies both at the stage of development work on the synthesis of nanoelectronic elements, and for technological control during their industrial production.
Choosing optimal distance between ground-based technical observation posts
Authors: Zwierzynski S.S. , Dukhan E.I. , Mironov M.A.
Published: April 2024

The article develops an approach to rational video monitoring construction of spatially distributed objects territories. Target. Justification for choice optimal distance between ground technical observation posts (TOP) based on electro-optical surveillance equipment in the visible and thermal imaging ranges. Results. The developed model makes it possible to determine maximum distance between adjacent TOPs, ensuring guaranteed surface targets detection and recognition in standard conditions. Practical significance. The optimal distance between TOPs ensures not only guaranteed quality of monitoring of territory boundaries, but also minimum linear cost of the security line.
Approach to fuzzing testing of network interfaces of Linux family operating systems using hardware virtualization technology
Authors: Samarin N.N. , Krotov N.D.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this research is to create a new approach to fuzzing testing of network interfaces of Linux family operating systems. The relevance of the research is due to the growing number of network attacks, the prevalence of Linux family operating systems on server hardware, and their use in the construction of cloud computing systems. According to data as of November 2021, among all web servers whose operating system is known, 38.9% use Linux family operating systems. In this work, the architecture and implementation of the Linux kernel networking stack are investigated. Current research in the field of Linux kernel security is analyzed.
Construction of an acoustic information transmission system of a horizontal directional drilling device
Authors: Vagin A.V. , Vorotyntseva A.S.
Published: April 2024

Currently, the constant growth in the volume of the horizontal directional drilling procedure dictates the improvement of the drilling technology and the technical requirements. One of the important technical requirements for the horizontal directional drilling device is the transmission of information about drilling parameters to the operator (depth, rotation angle, inclination angle). The solution to this problem is possible with the help of measuring systems installed inside the drilling head. Traditionally, in real drilling conditions, three communication channels are distinguished: electrically conductive, hydraulic and electromagnetic, each of which has some advantages and disadvantages. The use of acoustic waves excited in the internal space of the drilling head and propagating in the material of the drilling column to the receiver allows to eliminate the disadvantages of the listed communication channels and ensure the highest quality horizontal directional drilling procedure. The paper investigates the acoustic method of information transmission in a horizontal directional drilling device. An acoustic system for positioning a drilling tool has been developed, which provides the transmission of information about the coordinates of the drilling head. The acoustic channel of information transmission has been studied in terms of constructing its structural components: the design of the probe-transmitter (electromechanical transducer) has been developed, as well as the hardware of the system. In order to determine the requirements for the modulator-demodulator of signals of an acoustic information transmission channel, the propagation of an information package was simulated taking into account the resonant properties of the converter using the Multisim circuit simulation program. Thus, the use of an acoustic system for monitoring and transmitting information about the positioning of the drilling head makes it possible to abandon expensive contact methods for determining the position of the drilling head, which give point information and require a lot of time. The proposed acoustic information transmission channel allows for tight acoustic contact between the protective container and the drilling column to eliminate power losses, increases the efficiency of the device and reduces the loss of a useful signal during its propagation and also simplifies the operation of the device. As a result, the developed acoustic system provides an opportunity to perform the highest-quality horizontal directional drilling procedure with the necessary requirements for the volume of transmitted information and stability of operation in complex noise-signal conditions, which eliminates the disadvantages of previously used methods.
2023 Climate Finance Database
Authors: Morandi Paula , Lewis Amy
Published: April 2024

Under the current IDBG Corporate Results Framework (CRF) 2020-2023 (https://crf.iadb.org/en), the IDB committed to reach 30% of the total amount approved (including all lending operations) of climate finance during this period. In 2022, the IDB Group - composed of the IDB, IDB Lab (formerly the Multilateral Investment Fund) and IDB Invest - approved US$7.8 billion in climate finance as per the MDB climate finance tracking methodology. This resource is aimed at development activities carried out by the public and private sectors that reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and thus mitigate climate change, and/or that reduce vulnerability to climate change and contribute to an adaptation process. The IDB approved US$6.1 billion in climate finance (45.3% of total approvals). The IDB Group is composed of two separate legal entities: the IDB and the Inter-American Investment Corporation (IIC), which was rebranded as IDB Invest in 2017. The IDB Lab is a trust fund administered by the IDB and serves a unique function as the IDB Group s innovation laboratory. This dataset pertains to the IDB. Climate finance for the entire IDB Group (IDB, IDB Lab, and IDB Invest) in 2023 was US$8.3 billion.
The Peculiarities of the Development Sportsmen’s Intellectual Attention to Coach’s Pedagogical Iniercourse
Authors:   Saratov State University, Tkacheva M. S.
Published: April 2024

In the article there is discussion of the problems coaches’ pedagogical intercourse and sportsmen’ attention to this form of interaction. The author shows age’s and activity’s features of development of sportsmen’ attention to content and form of coaches’ pedagogical intercourse.
The Concept of “Educational Environment” and Models of Educational Media in the Modern National Educational Psychology
Authors:   Saratov State University, Grigorieva M. V.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of a theoretical analysis of the problem of understanding the educational environment in modern psychology. Different approaches to the definition of the concept and construction of models of educational environments. The author’s definition of the educational environment and interactions with her pupils.
To the Issue of Envy in the Aspect of Family Relationships’ Psychology
Authors:   Institute of Social Education (branch) of the Russian State Social University in Saratov, Letyagina S. K.
Published: April 2024

Peculiarities of correlation of a person’s jealousy with satisfaction from the marriage, reasons for getting married, styles of love, matrimonial needs, a family’s values and role aims are considered in the article.
Humanistic Paradigm of Modern Education: the Theory and Practice
Authors:   Moscow State Psychological and Pedagogical University, Demakova I. D.
Published: April 2024

In article the humanistic paradigm of modern education is submitted: the theory and practice, problems and prospects. Realization of the concept of transition from the fact educational activity of the teacher to from sense can be considered as a strategic direction of development of educational activity of the teacher.
ANTIQUE MOTIVES IN THE WORK OF A. MIRE (A. M. MOISEEVA, 1874-1913)
Authors: Kudritskaya Sofya V.
Published: April 2024

The subject of research are the antique motives that occur in the works of A. Mire, not well-known woman writer of the Silver Age of Russian literature. The antique characters appearing in a number of her stories (the poet Sappho, a Roman dictator, the sculptor Phidias) and the antiquity which serves as a background in the analyzed texts allows the writer to depict “timeless” situations: the jealousy of a distressed woman, the ecstatic inspiration of a genius, the human greediness and thirst for goods of the Earth. Key words: A. Mire, Menander, Publius Ovidius Naso, Gaius Julius Caesar, Phidias, Prometheus, antiquity, the myth of Sappho, hetaera Acknowledgments: The author expresses gratitude to his scientific supervisor, Ph.D., Prof. Mikhailova Maria Viktorovna, as well as Konovalova Tatyana Vladimirovna and Alikin Pavel Sergeevich.
THE WAY FROM THE EAST: IVAN BUNIN AND NIKOLAY ROERICH ON THE UNITY OF MANKIND (LITERARY, HISTORIOSOPHICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL CONTEXT)
Authors: Karpenko Gennady Yu.
Published: April 2024

Ivan Bunin and Nikolay Roerich created the concepts about the Ceylon-Indian way of the European peoples, expressed them in the images of uterine brotherhood, cradle and cultural kinship with the ancient civilization. The analysis of philological and historiosophical sources XIX century allowed us to outline two multidirectional trends in solving the Ceylon-Indian question: one of them found its embodiment in linguistic and cultural constructions and in the works of Bunin and Roerich, the other – in statements about European superiority over “backward Eastern humanity” (Fichte, Hegel, Tylor). Key words: Ivan Bunin, Nikolay Roerich, Ceylon, India, Russia, Europe, anthropic memory of the unity of mankind
Slovenske pripojedke – motivacija za učenje slovenščine kot drugega in tujega jezika na razredni stopnji
Authors: Voršič Ines , Haramija Dragica
Published: April 2024

Prispevek na primeru knjige Slovenske pripojedke predstavlja vpetost gradnikov bralne pismenosti v pouk slovenščine kot drugega in tujega jezika na razredni stopnji, pri tem pa se osredotoča zlasti na gradnika besedišče in razumevanje besedila. Slovenske pripojedke v povezovanju umetnostnega (ljudska pravljica/pripovedka) in neumetnostnega besedila (kuharski recept) ter različnih zanimivosti (običaji, vraže, pregovori …) omogočajo usvajanje slovenščine kot drugega in tujega jezika v tesnem prepletu s spoznavanjem slovenske kulturne dediščine na treh ravneh: (1) z vidika jezika in prehranskega besedišča; (2) z vidika slovenskih praznikov, običajev in navad; (3) z vidika slovenske ljudske mladinske književnosti.
Chasing Malawi fish: The irony of local fish scarcity vs exports
Authors:   Mzuzu University, Kapute Fanuel
Published: April 2024

Fish and fishery products are an important source of dietary animal protein and food security in Malawi - a land locked country in southern Africa [1] (Figure 1). In the 1970s, fish provided about 70% of the animal protein intake of the Malawian population and 40% of total protein supply for the country [2].
A call to end poverty
Authors:   African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Oniang'o Ruth
Published: April 2024

The UNFSS has come and gone. What did achieve? Personally, I did a number of pre-conference sessions many of which I contributed to. My message was always very clear, that we need to focus on people. We need to focus on the vulnerable. We need to focus on working towards world peace at all levels. As countries battle to contain the pandemic, in their individual countries and have failed to link this to mental health and conflict resolution. During a pandemic like one we have never seen before, when few have made so much money by taking advantage of the working class and the hand to mouth working class members of the society.
The Long and Arduous Journey of Pursuing Graduate Studies in Kenya: My experience
Authors:   Egerton University, Oloo Benard
Published: April 2024

The Kenyan government through the Commission of University Education (CUE) envisages that Kenyan universities will be at the cutting edge of research and development and to help the country respond to its research and developmental challenges [1].
Developing Ghana’s first Food-based dietary guidelines: An evidence-informed process
Authors:   University of Ghana, Aryeetey Richmond
Published: April 2024

Globally, sub-optimal diets across the entire lifecycle have been identified as an important driver of malnutrition in all its forms (global panel, Global burden of disease). The 2020 Global nutrition indicates that several countries on the African continent are off course in their efforts to address malnutrition in all its forms. Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) have been recommended as a necessary public health tool for creating awareness and promoting the consumption of optimal diets. Evidence-informed FBDGs can serve as a communication tool for enabling healthier dietary and lifestyle choices among the lay population. They can also be used by governments and other institutional actors as a policy tool for population-level interventions that improve the nutrition-sensitivity of food systems as well as food environments.
Rural Outreach Africa during COVID-19: Reaching those who fall through the CRACKS
Authors:   African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Oniang'o Ruth
Published: April 2024

Here we go again. Just when we thought we could reopen the economy and even send children back to school, we see a resurgence in COVID-19 numbers. There are still too many challenges. Economies are on their knees, and yet grim as it looks, one sees opportunities. If these lockdowns resume, fragile economies will sink to levels never seen before in recent times and probably most difficult to recover from.
“Nutrition Year of Action”
Authors:   African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Oniang'o Ruth
Published: April 2024

The Nutrition Year of Action is 2021, launched by a number of countries on December 14, 2020, designed to address the global hunger and nutrition crisis that was made worse by the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. What does that mean? For anyone not taking what they eat seriously after 2020, the COVID-19 year, then something is wrong. It became clear very quickly that the coronavirus was an attack on the human immune system. There have been other viruses in the recent past that have attacked the immune system as well, the most notable being HIV/AIDS. This has meant that any treatment regime has a chance only if it includes near-potent levels of micronutrients and generally good nutrition. In fact, those of us familiar with the management of HIV/AIDS know that sticking to a fairly good diet increases chances of survival by maintaining a healthy weight.
POVERTY is the VILLAIN
Authors:   African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Oniang'o Ruth
Published: April 2024

Without eradicating poverty, there is no way to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030. At the 1974 World Food Conference, it was declared: “Within a decade, no child will go to bed hungry, and no family will fear for its next day’s bread” by the then US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger.
Optimal breastfeeding: Solid foundation to transform the nutrition landscape of Africa for national development
Authors:   University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nnam Ngozi
Published: April 2024

Nutrition forms the foundation for good health and wellbeing of people and nations. The nutrition landscape of Africa shows that many African countries are not on course to meeting the global nutrition targets. Only 5 out of 54 African countries are on course to achieving the global targets of 40% reduction of under-five stunting [1]
Problems of creating antibody phage libraries and their solutions
Authors: Aripov V. S. , Volkova N. V. , Ilyichev A. A. , Shcherbakov D. N.
Published: April 2024

Phage display has become an efficient, reliable and popular molecular technique for generating libraries encompassing millions or even billions of clones of divergent peptides or proteins. The method is based on the correspondence between phage genotype and phenotype, which ensures the presentation of recombinant proteins of known amino acid composition on the surface of phage particles. The use of affinity selection allows one to choose variants with affinity for different targets from phage libraries. The implementation of the antibody phage display technique has revolutionized the field of clinical immunology, both for developing tools to diagnose infectious diseases and for producing therapeutic agents. It has also become the basis for efficient and relatively inexpensive methods for studying protein–protein interactions, receptor binding sites, as well as epitope and mimotope identification. The antibody phage display technique involves a number of steps, and the final result depends on their successful implementation. The diversity, whether natural or obtained by combinatorial chemistry, is the basis of any library. The choice of molecular techniques is critical to ensure that this diversity is maintained during the phage library preparation step and during the transformation of E. coli cells. After a helper phage is added to the suspension of transformed E. coli cells, a bacteriophage library is formed, which is a working tool for performing the affinity selection procedure and searching for individual molecules. Despite the apparent simplicity of generating phage antibody libraries, a number of subtleties need to be taken into account. First, there are the features of phage vector preparation. Currently, a large number of phagemid vectors have been developed, and their selection is also of great importance. The key step is preparing competent E. coli cells and the technology of their transformation. The choice of a helper phage and the method used to generate it is also important. This article discusses the key challenges faced by researchers in constructing phage antibody libraries.
Sóis e liberdade
Authors: Barros Luciana Gonçalves , Bonfim Maria Aracy
Published: April 2024

Resenha 
MARQUES, Carvalho. Halodomira. São Paulo: Skull, 2021.
Characterization of Post-harvest Losses along the Supply Chain of Vegetables in Punjab
Authors: Sidhu Jashleen Kaur , Mohapatra Lopamudra , Singh Davinder
Published: April 2024

Background: The loss of vegetables is immense which is accrued to its perishability and sub optimal level of post-harvest management. There is a technological gap in adoption of harvesting and post-harvesting practices by farmers. There is sparse qualitative and quantitative assessment of post-harvest losses of vegetables in Punjab. The objective of the study is to identify the operation and channel where the losses are crossing the threshold, to estimate the extent of losses and characterize them at various post-harvest operations and levels for selected vegetables in Punjab and to analyse the factors responsible for post-harvest losses. Methods: The sample in survey location consisted of all the stakeholders of supply chain network for vegetables in the state of Punjab, India. The stakeholders consisted of farmers, wholesalers and retailers. The study adopted cluster sampling technique. The clusters selected for the study were Nakodar, Malerkotla and Baba Bakala Sahib and the vegetables selected for the study were potato, pea, tomato, okra and cauliflower. Further snowball sampling technique was used to select 80 farmers from each cluster, making up a total sample of 240 farmers and one reference each for wholesaler and retailer was identified in every cluster. Then using snowball technique, 2 wholesalers and 10 retailers were selected from each cluster. Thus, making total sample of 10 wholesalers and 30 retailers were selected for the study. The instrument used for the data collection was a structured interview schedule. The one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s Honest Significant Difference test were employed to understand the significant difference in post-harvest losses between the selected vegetables and along the supply chain. Result: The results revealed that the maximum losses were observed in tomato crop at farm level (17.71%) and retailer level (30.10%) whereas at wholesaler level maximum losses were recorded in pea (8.19%). The extent of losses at farm level has been higher as compared to wholesaler level and it was highest at the retailer level. At farmer’s level it was observed that there have been significantly higher losses in tomato crop (17.7±13.35). At retailer level, significantly higher losses were observed in tomato (30.10±15.80) whereas at wholesaler level, significantly higher losses occurred in pea (12.29±3.15). There was no significant difference in losses between farmer and retailer level. Major cause of loss reported by tomato growers (88.6%) was infestation of fruits with disease and insect. Main reason of post-harvest losses in okra and cauliflower as stated by farmers were bruises/blackening and over maturity. Since the findings reveal that the major losses in the supply chain of vegetables was due to lack adoption of harvest and post-harvest practices at farmer’s level. It is suggested that field level training should be imparted to farmers regarding post-harvest management techniques.
Distribution of Charcoal Rot of Soybean, its Influencing Factors and Pathogenic Variabilities in Different Regions of Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Amrate Pawan K. , Chaukika Kailash , Kharte Sanjay , Pancheshwar Dinesh K. , Marabi R.S. , Shrivastav M.K. , Bhale M.S.
Published: April 2024

Background: Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid is a necrotrophic soil-inhabiting fungus that causes disease in several economic plants worldwide and has now become a serious threat to soybean cultivation in central India. Methods: The random surveys were done during 2018 and 2019 to determine the present status of charcoal rot (M. phaseolina) in key soybean growing districts of Madhya Pradesh. Sixteen isolates of pathogen were characterized based on morpho-cultural and pathogenic variability by using cut stem inoculation techniques at J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur. Result: Charcoal rot was prevalent in all surveyed sixteen districts of Madhya Pradesh. Out of six, Kymore plateau and Satpura hills (44.5%), Satpura plateau (42.5%), Central Narmada Valley (42.0%) and Vindhyan plateau agroclimatic zones (35.0%) were identified as favouable zones for charcoal rot. Malwa plateau (16.25%) and Northern hill region (24.5%) had low incidences of charcoal rot. Among varieties, JS 95-60, JS 93-05 and JS 20-29 were highly affected, whereas, JS 20-34, JS 20-98 and JS 20-69 were least affected. Incidence of charcoal rot was comparatively higher in the fields that had Maize-Chickpea (26.32%), Maize-Wheat, Soybean- Pea and Soybean - Chickpea cropping patterns in the previous year and lowest in Rice-Chickpea (12.00%) and Rice - Wheat (12.45%) cropping patterns. The incidence of charcoal rot was partially higher in the fields with light soil (21.3%) than in heavy soil (19.0%). Isolates investigation revealed that isolates from Jabalpur, Hoshangabad, Chhindwara and Sagar were fast-growing variables and highly aggressive in developing necrotic lesions on the cut stem of soybean. This investigation could be instrumental in forewarning sensitive areas of charcoal rot, varietal options and crop rotation to be followed to minimize the incidence of charcoal rot. Moreover, identified variable aggressive isolates could be utilized in genotype resistance screening programs.
Fundamentos da educação em debate
Authors: Maia Júlio César Apolinário
Published: April 2024

Este artigo objetiva retratar a degenerescência assumida pelo componente educacional, especificamente sobre o campo dos fundamentos da educação, frente a díade “ideário pedagógico neoliberal”/“discurso pós-moderno”. Parte de um resgate histórico do que tem sido denominado “pós-modernidade”. Na sequência investiga a representação deste conceito sobre os fundamentos da educação assumidos pelos componentes educacionais das várias nações capitalistas desde as reformas neoliberais da década de 1990. O esforço de síntese vale-se do conjunto de teorias pedagógicas florescidas nas três últimas décadas, constitutivas do “ideário pedagógico neoliberal”, para validação da tese norteadora, qual seja: justaposição entre neoliberalismo e “pós-modernidade”. As teorias consideradas para validação desta tese são, respectivamente, o construtivismo eclético, a pedagogia das competências, a pedagogia do professor reflexivo, a pedagogia dos projetos, a pedagogia corporativa e a pedagogia multiculturalista.
International Comparisons of Higher Education Finance of OECD Countries
Authors:   KOREA DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION, Kim Jin-Yeong
Published: April 2024

In this article we compare the higher education finance of advanced countries using OECD’s “Education at a Glance” data from 1998~2018. We first investigate the relationship among input side variables such as relative size of number of college students, relative size of per student expenditure, the portion of public expenditure in higher education finance. We find fundamental trade-off between the quality and quantity, as captured by the negative correlation between the per student expenditure-GDP per capita ratio and the number of college students compared to the total population. We also investigate the relationship between the input and outputs of higher education. The major findings are that the higher the portion of public expenditure in higher education finance, the lower the chance of having world’s top research universities. Meanwhile, the youth unemployment tends to be lower in countries that governments’ portion of higher education finance are large.
“It’s a Psychiatric Patient”: Misdiagnosing of Somatic Symptoms in Patients with Mental Disorders Due to Stigma and Inadequate Diagnostic Treatment
Authors: Bračko Sara , Čelofiga Andreja
Published: April 2024

Aim: People with mental illness have more somatic comorbidities and are frequently mistreated. Misdiagnosis occurs for a variety of reasons, including stigma, poor communication, lack of knowledge of psychiatric pathology, and a tendency to attribute physical symptoms to a mental disorder. Case report: The factors listed above, as well as the unique circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic led to the misdiagnosis in the case discussed in this paper. The patient was a middle-aged man diagnosed with an ICD-10 diagnosis of a chronic mental disorder in the F2 category and multiple somatic comorbidities in whom amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis was undiagnosed and somatic symptoms were attributed to antipsychotic-induced parkinsonism. The mechanism of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis and antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms will be described, together with the factors that caused our patient to be misdiagnosed. Conclusion: Psychiatric patients are often specific in their communication and behaviour, therefore interaction must be adapted, with a focus on destigmatizing and educating health workers.
Exploring Indonesian Panic Buyers’ Typologies in Time of Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lukitaningsih Ambar , Hartono Arif
Published: April 2024

Purpose – This study aims to investigate hitherto unresearched panic buyer (shopper) typologies among Indonesian consumers as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak. In this study, a panic buyer (shopper) is described as a customer who worries about their stock during a pandemic and decides to purchase things in bulk or in greater quantities at the start of the pandemic.
Design/methodology/approach – To identify probable groupings of the items, an exploratory factor analysis is carried out using principal component analysis and varimax rotation. Then to identify consumer groups, a two-step cluster analysis was conducted. Lastly, an ANOVA test is run on the whole set of variables to identify differences between the detected clusters in order to validate the cluster solutions.
Findings – Five components that served as the foundation for the typology emerged from exploratory factor analysis. Using behaviour and attitude factors including "consumption savers," "adapters reluctant," "preservers of social consciousness," "online shopping shifters," and "all-around adapters," five clusters were then defined.
Research limitations/implications – This study contributes significantly to the body of knowledge on consumer behavior during health crises (Covid-19) by putting into context the frantic shoppers that we frequently observe during these situations. It's noteworthy that throughout the epidemic, no panic buyers (shoppers) voiced worry about health problems.
Practical implications – This study provides essential practical information for marketing professionals. For instance, it may be necessary to consider research showing that panic buyers (shoppers) tend to be consumption savers during a pandemic when developing a price plan.
Originality/value – Despite the fact that there have been many studies on panic behavior during COVID-19, most of them tend to concentrate on medical problems. There are now a few studies that examine several sorts of panic buyers (shoppers) based on their purchasing behaviors and attitudes. By categorizing various categories of panic buyers (shoppers) among 121 decision-makers in families, this study aims to close this literature gap.
Cracking Factorization- Cryptography Challenges
Authors: Durmagambetov Asset , Durmagambetov Aslan
Published: April 2024

This article presents a description of a new method for solving the factorization problem, based on the gradient descent algorithm. This approach demonstrates significant improvements in efficiency compared to traditional methods proposed in previous research. This article describes a new method for solving the factorization problem, based on the gradient descent algorithm, and demonstrates the transition from algebraic methods to approaches based on functional analysis. The proposed approach not only improves the efficiency of solving the problem but also allows the application of computational algorithms of functional analysis, opening new possibilities for research and optimization.
A Comparative Study of Indentation Size Effect Models for Different Materials
Authors: Wang Peina , Gao Yu , Wang Peihuan
Published: April 2024

Although researchers have proposed various indentation size effect (ISE) models, these models often involve different form and number of parameters that can make our wonder which is the best in existed ISE models. Three types of ISE test data, namely, normal ISE, reverse ISE and transition of normal to reverse ISE, are used to evaluate the sixteen ISE models. The comparatively study indicates that H-J, N-G-Fs, N-G-H, N-G-A and N-G-Qs models can accurately predict the normal ISE. The reason for this is that the friction stress that is not related to dislocation activities or the indentation size effect of plastic zone has been introduced into these models. Therefore, these two factors should be considered in future ISE models. The sixteen ISE models are originally proposed to describe the normal ISE of different materials. However, to our surprise, some of these models are able to capture the reverse ISE and the transition of normal to reverse ISE of different materials. The determination coefficients (DC) of the sixteen ISE models are also determined for different materials. For reverse ISE, the highest DC value for NiCSi, TC4 and PED Ni are given by the EXP, N-G-Fs and N-G-A models, respectively. For the transition of normal to reverse ISE, the N-G-YC, N-G-Fs, and N-G-H models produce the maximum DC for ZrO2, Cu and Y2O3-ZrO2, respectively. Moreover, the mean DC of the N-G-Fs model is the maximum among the sixteen ISE models, followed by the N-G-H model, but they cannot accurately predict the reverse ISE. Therefore, the N-G-Fs and N-G-H models should be further modified to accurately predict the reverse ISE.
The Prevalence and Risk Analysis of Cerebral Palsy in Children with Low Birth weight in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Fan Hueng-Chuen , Chang Yu-Mei , Lee Jen-Yu , Wang Der-Shiun , Chen Chuan-Mu , Shu-Wei Hu , Chiang Kuo-Liang , Kuo Fang-Chuan
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the early-childhood comorbidities of cerebral palsy (CP) in children with low birth weight (LBW) and assess the impact of maternal bio-psychosocial factors on the risk of CP in preterm infants across varying birth weights. Data for 15,181 prematurely born infants from 2009 to 2013 and 151,810 matched controls from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database were analyzed. Period prevalence of CP, and comorbidities of LBW were verified, and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. Results confirmed that increasing prematurity and low birth weight (LBW) rates in Taiwan. LBW was associated with higher CP prevalence. Maternal age extremes (<20 and >40 years) were significant risk factors of CP in LBW infants. LBW infants showed higher risks of respiratory, circulatory, and nervous system and psycho-developmental comorbidities compared to controls. Infants with the lowest birth weights had even higher ORs for these comorbidities. However, gastrointestinal and nutritional comorbidities were less prevalent in premature infants. Maternal factors such as family income, number of hospital admissions, and length of hospital stay were significantly correlated with birth weight and subsequent complications. Each additional gestational week significantly reduced the risk of complications in premature infants. Additionally, maternal bio-psychosocial factors were associated with birth weight and related outcomes in premature infants, emphasizing the importance of addressing these factors in prenatal care and interventions.
Comparative Analysis on the Mechanical Properties, Transportation Cost, and Carbon Footprint Emission of Cement Mortar with PE and SSRS as Partial Replacement for Aggregates
Authors: Tsai Shen-Lun , Wang Her-Yung , Lin Keng-Ta , Hung Chang-Chi
Published: April 2024

This study presents an innovative approach for the utilization of industrial by-products and municipal waste in the production of sustainable and environmentally friendly cement mortar. We explored stabilized stainless-steel reduced slag (SSRS) and polyethylene (PE) plastic waste as partial replacements for aggregates. Various engineering properties of the resulting cement mortar specimens, including slump, slump flow, compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength, water absorption, and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), were investigated through comprehensive experimental tests. The influence of different water-cement (w/c) ratios and substitution amounts on the engineering properties of the cement mortar samples was thoroughly examined. The findings revealed that an increase in PE substitution adversely affected the overall workability of the cement mortar mixtures, whereas an increase in SSRS amount contributed to enhanced workability. As for the hardened properties, a consistent trend was observed for both cases, with higher w/c ratios and substitution amounts leading to reduced mechanical properties. Water absorption and UPV test results validated the increased formation of porosity with higher w/c ratios and substitution amounts. This study proposes a promising method to effectively repurpose industrial by-products and municipal wastes, transforming them into sustainable construction and building materials. Additionally, a comparative analysis of transportation costs and carbon footprint emissions between SSRS-cement mortar and PE-cement mortar was conducted to assess their environmental impact and sustainability. Generally, higher w/c ratios and replacement levels corresponded to reduced carbon footprint. The geographical location of the source of SSRS and PE remains a challenge and studies to overcome this challenge must be further explored.
Heat-Annealed Zinc Oxide on Carbon Nanotube Paper and Exposed to Gradient Light to Enhance Its Photoelectric Response
Authors: LIU JIH-HSIN , SHEN PI-YU
Published: April 2024

Buckypaper (BP), a flexible and porous material, exhibits photovoltaic properties when exposed to light. In this study, we have employed Radio Frequency (RF) Sputtering of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) followed by rapid thermal annealing to enhance the photovoltaic response of BP. We investigated the impact of various sputtering parameters, such as the gas flow ratio of argon to oxygen and deposition time, on the morphology, composition, resistivity, and photovoltaic characteristics of ZnO-modified BP. Additionally, the photovoltaic performance of the samples under different illumination modes and wavelengths was compared. It was found that optimal sputtering conditions—argon to oxygen flow ratio of 1:2, deposition time of 20 minutes, and power of 100 watts—resulted in a ZnO film thickness of approximately 45 nanometers. After annealing at 400°C for 10 minutes, the ZnO-modified BP demonstrated a significant increase in photocurrent and photovoltage, along with a reduction in resistivity, compared to unmodified BP. Moreover, under gradient illumination, the ZnO-modified BP exhibited a photovoltage enhancement of 14.70 times and a photocurrent increase of 13.86 times, compared to uniform illumination. Under blue light, it showed a higher photovoltaic response than under other colors. The enhancement in photovoltaic response is attributed to the formation of a Schottky junction between ZnO and BP, an increased carrier concentration gradient, and an expanded light absorption spectrum. Our results validate that ZnO sputtering followed by annealing is an effective method for modifying BP for photovoltaic applications such as solar cells and photodetectors.
Detecting Co-Seismic Landslides in GEE using Machine-Learning Algorithms on combined Multispectral and RADAR Imagery
Authors: Peters Stefan , Liu Jixue , Keppel Gunnar , Wendleder Anna , Xu Peiliang
Published: April 2024

Landslides, resulting from disturbances in slope equilibrium, pose a significant threat to landscapes, infrastructure, and human life. Triggered by factors such as intense precipitation, seismic activities, or volcanic eruptions, these events can cause extensive damage and endanger nearby communities. A comprehensive understanding of landslide characteristics, including spatio-temporal patterns, dimensions, and morphology, is vital for effective landslide-disaster management. Existing Remote Sensing approaches mostly use either optical or Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensors. Integrating information from both these types of sensors promises greater accuracy for identifying and locating landslides.
This study proposes a novel approach, the ML-LaDeCORsat (Machine Learning-based coseismic Landslide Detection using Combined Optical and Radar Satellite Imagery), that integrates freely available Sentinel-1, Palsar-2, and Sentinel-2 imagery data, along with relevant spectral indices and suitable bands using machine-learning-based classification for coseismic landslide detection implemented in Google Earth Engine (GEE). The approach includes a robust and reproducible training and validation strategy. Using landslides from four different earthquake case studies, we demonstrate the superiority of our approach over existing solutions in coseismic landslide iden-tification and localization, providing a detection accuracy of 87-92%. ML-LaDeCORsat can be adapted to other landslide events (GEE script is provided). Transfer learning experiments proofed that our model can be applied to other coseismic landslide events without the need for additional training data. Our novel approach therefore facilitates quick and reliable identification of co-seismic landslides, highlighting its potential to contribute towards more effective disaster management.
Analyzing Bifurcations and Optimal Control Strategies in SIRS Epidemic Models: Insights from Theory and COVID-19 Data
Authors: Belili Mohamed Cherif , Sahari Mohamed Lamine , Kebiri Omar , Zeghdoudi Halim
Published: April 2024

Our study essentially concerns the dynamic behavior of an SIRS epidemic model in discrete time. Two equilibrium points are obtained; one is disease-free while the other is endemic. We are interested in the endemic fixed point as well as its asymptotic stability. Depending on the parameters which are estimated using the data from US Department of health and SIRS modelling with optimization, two Flip and Transcritical bifurcations appear. We illustrate their diagrams, as well as their bifurcation curves using the method of Carcasses \cite{carcasses1993determination,carcasses1995singularities} for the Flip bifurcation and by an implicit function deduced from such an equation for the Transcritical bifurcation. We use the scanning of the parametric plane to have a global view of the behavior of the model and to highlight the zones of stability of the existing singularities. A superposition of the bifurcation curves with the parametric plane can show the overlap of the curves with the boundaries of the stability domains, which confirms the smooth running of the simulation and its correspondence with the theory, we finish this article with constrained optimal control applied to infection rate and recruitment rate for an SIRS discrete epidemic model. Pontryagin's maximum principle is used to determine these optimal controls. Finally using COVID-19 data in the USA, we obtain results that demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy to mitigate the spread of the pandemic.