bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bosniaks and Bosnia: A Study in Philosophy of Politics
Authors: Muhić Ferid
Published: April 2021

In the first part of this study, published in the first issue of the magazine Illuminatio/Svjetionik/Almanar, the author briefly outlined the basic elements of the philosophy of politics characteristic of the history of modern nations in which he analysed the relations of the individual, the people, the nation and the state. The second part of this study focuses on the attitude of Bosniaks towards collective memory, which, according to the author, was brought to the threshold of amnesia under the influence of the long-term political strategy of their neighbours.

The author believes that the shaken collective memory represents the most neuralgic problem and the greatest danger for the historical reintegration and homogenization of Bosniaks as an ethnicity and a nation. The author emphasizes that “Bosnian” is a territorial determinant and completely excludes the national determinant “Bosniak”. Flirting with the phrase “Bosniaks/Bosnians”, which is often used, is not only a denouncement of the ethnic and national affiliation of Bosniaks, but further denies their uniqueness – and thus calls into question the very existence of Bosniaks. A Bosniak is born, a Bosniak remains. A "Bosnian" becomes, a "Bosnian" cease to be. A Bosniak living in Bosnia is also a "Bosnian". A "Bosnian" who is not a Bosniak does not become a Bosniak anywhere, not even in Bosnia. A Bosniak who does not live in Bosnia remains a Bosniak, but ceases to be a "Bosnian". The goal of substituting the historical name Bosniaks with the territorial designation "Bosnians" is obvious: Break the homogeneous core of Bosniaks by erasing awareness of their ethnic identity, name, national unity, common history, culture, language, in short – a common past, present and future. The study also recalls the difference between the modern understanding of the nation and the way in which this social phenomenon was interpreted until the middle of the 20th century. Behind the separation of the nation from the ethnicity/people, as the supposedly superior form, lies the effort to relativize the ethnicity/people, as an objective fact, to weaken the mutual ties of its members and to bring the entire population under the control of central political power – as a seemingly integrated and homogeneous whole.
Cosmic Dance of Dialogue!
Authors: Swidler Leonard
Published: April 2021

The author starts from the obvious statement that no one knows everything about everything and that we can have only partial knowledge of any limited study of reality, although, when it comes to religion, many still claim to know everything they need to know. Since people cannot know everything, dialogue is necessary, because through a conversation with another, a person learns what he cannot notice from his place and with his personal lenses of knowledge. 

Dialogue is not just a way to get more information: Dialogue is a whole new way of thinking! Dialogue in its broadest sense is at the very heart of the cosmos, that is, the very essence of the cosmos and our humanity is dialogical, and fulfilled human life is the highest expression of the Cosmic Dance of Dialogue. Therefore, the author emphasizes, we humans today have an obvious choice: dialogue or death! The text points out that there are three main dimensions of dialogue, which correspond to the structure of humanity: The dialogue of the head, hands and heart in the holistic harmony of the holy man. In the dialogue of the head we reach out to those who think differently from us to understand how they see the world and the reason for their behavior. The world is too complicated for anyone to figure it out on their own. In hand dialogue, we team up with others to make the world a better place where we all need to live together. In the dialogue of the heart we open ourselves to perceive/receive the beauty of the other. The author concludes that people cannot live divided. If they want to survive, and even flourish, they must not only dance individually the dialogues of head, hand, and heart but also bring together the various parts in harmony.
مقدمو الرعاية المنزلية لكبار السن من أفراد الأسرة في دولة قطر
Authors: عبد المنعـم عـزة , كورمـان ميشـيل , رانكن جانيت
Published: April 2021

يوثق هذا المشروع لتجارب مقدمي الرعاية القطريين وغير القطريين الذين يقدمون الرعاية لكبار السن من أفراد الأسرة. ويحدد المشروع ضغوطات وأعباء تقديم الرعاية، واستراتيجيات التأقلم، وفوائد تقديم الرعاية لأفراد الأسرة من المسنين. وتسلط الدراسة الضوء على أهمية توفير الرعاية المنزلية لأفراد الأسرة من المسنين وتقديم الدعم الاجتماعي والعاطفي لمقدمي الرعاية.
Narrative Breakdown in the Political Asylum Process
Authors: Shuman Amy , Bohmer Carol
Published: April 2021

The narratives that political asylum applicants tell in immigration hearings are often fragmentary, in part because people fleeing violence and discrimination are not always knowledgeable about the details of their persecution. We discuss the particular problem of narrating unanticipated events, experiences that have no precedent in people’s ordinary lives before violence. Building on earlier research on narrative coherence and trauma narrative, we describe how narrative breakdown occurs in narrative form and in the hearing interactions. We suggest that this narrative breakdown is part of a larger discourse of suspicion in political asylum hearings.
Restorative justice conferencing in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Hamilton Mark
Published: April 2021

Restorative justice conferencing in Australia and New Zealand Application and potential in an environmental and Aboriginal cultural heritage protection context

Indigenous people may suffer harm when the environment, sacred places and sacred objects are destroyed or damaged. Restorative justice conferencing, a facilitated face-to-face dialogue involving victims, offenders, and pertinent stakeholders has the potential to repair that harm. This article explores the use of conferencing in this context with case law examples from New Zealand and New South Wales, Australia. As will be discussed, the lack of legislative support for conferencing in the Land and Environment Court of New South Wales means it is doubtful that such conferencing will develop past its current embryonic state. As well as using restorative justice conferencing to repair harm from past criminality, this article suggests that further research should explore the use of restorative justice to resolve present conflict, and prevent future conflict, where there is a disconnect between non-Indigenous use of the environment and Indigenous culture embedded in the environment.
Quenching for Porous Medium Equations
Authors: Selcuk Burhan
Published: April 2021

This paper studies the following two porous medium equations with singular boundary conditions. First, we obtain that finite time quenching on the boundary, as well as kt blows up at the same finite time and lower bound estimates of the quenching time of the equation kt = (kn)xx + (1 − k)−α, (x,t) ∈ (0,L) × (0,T) with (kn)x (0,t) = 0, (kn)x (L,t) = (1 − k(L,t))−β, t ∈ (0,T) and initial function k(x,0) = k0 (x), x ∈ [0, L] where n > 1, α and β and positive constants. Second, we obtain that finite time queching on the boundary, as well as kt blows up at the same finite time and a local existence resultbythehelpofsteadystateoftheequationkt =(kn)xx,(x,t)∈(0,L)×(0,T)with (kn)x (0,t) = (1 − k(0,t))−α, (kn)x (L,t) = (1 − k(L,t))−β, t ∈ (0,T) and initial function k (x, 0) = k0 (x), x ∈ [0, L] where n > 1, α and β and positive constants.
Housing in Slovenia
Authors: Gorczyca Mirosław
Published: April 2021

The article presents the housing situation in Slovenia in 2000–2012. The development of housing conditions, the situation in housing, and housing resources, as well as expenditure on housing are discussed. The article also compares indicators characterizing the housing in Poland and Slovenia.
Forecasting withdrawals from ATMs
Authors: Gurgul Henryk , Suder Marcin
Published: April 2021

The authors explain links between strategy of replenishment of ATMs and costs of ATMs holders. Cost minimalization depends on accuracy of forecasts of withdrawals from ATMs. In the paper the several forecasting methods of withdrawals from ATMs in Euronet network installed in Małopolskie and Podkarpackie voivodships are applied. The used forecasting models are compared based on quality of ex post and ex ante forecasts. The model used in forecasting process depends on many factors e.g. location of ATM or calendar effects. The importance and role of these factors are analyzed in the paper. The authors supplied evidence, that suggested forecasts based on weighted averages are more accurate than forecasts based on methods applied by other authors.
Comprehensive lifestyle modification as complementary therapy to prevent and manage post-transplant diabetes mellitus*
Authors: Madziarska Katarzyna , Hap Katarzyna , Mazanowska Oktawia , Sutkowska Edyta
Published: April 2021

Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is one from the most common metabolic complications after kidney transplantation. PTDM develops in the early period after transplantation. The risk factors of PTDM are carbohydrate imbalances occurring in the patient prior to transplantation, surgery and the inclusion of immunosuppressive treatment. Kidney transplant patients tend to gain weight, which is associated with an increased risk of post-transplant diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and abnormal transplanted kidney function.

Patients after kidney transplantation should be advised to adopt a lifestyle based on a proper diet, exercise, weight control and smoking cessation. The strategy to reduce the risk factors for PTDM development should start before transplantation and continue after kidney transplantation. A targeted, non-pharmacological approach to patients already during the dialysis period may have a significant impact on reducing post-transplantation diabetes.

Lifestyle interventions can effectively reduce the risk of development and inhibit the progression of post-transplantation diabetes. The article describes elements of comprehensive non-pharmacological management based on available knowledge of rehabilitation, dietetics and psychology.
Survey of musculoskeletal disorders among US ophthalmologists
Authors: Schechet, MD* Sidney A. , DeVience, MD* Eva , DeVience, PhD Stephen , Shukla, MD Shweta , Kaleem, MD Mona
Published: April 2021

PurposeTo characterize the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), symptoms, and risk factors among ophthalmologists.MethodsAn online survey was distributed to ophthalmologist members of the Maryland Society of Eye Physicians and Surgeons. The survey consisted of 34 questions on respondent demographics, practice characteristics, pain, and effects of MSD on their practice patterns. Participants were excluded if they were not ophthalmologists or if they had MSD symptoms prior to the start of their ophthalmology career. Demographics and practice patterns were compared for those with or without MSD symptoms using the Welch t test and the Fisher exact test.ResultsThe survey was completed by 127 of 250 active members (response rate, 51%). Of the 127, 85 (66%) reported experiencing work-related pain, with an average pain level of 4/10. With regard to mean age, height, weight, years in practice, number of patients seen weekly, and hours worked weekly, there was no difference between respondents reporting pain and those without. Those reporting MSD symptoms spent significantly more time in surgery than those who did not (mean of 7.9 vs 5.3 hours/week [P < 0.01]). Fourteen percent of respondents reported plans to retire early due to their symptoms.ConclusionsA majority of respondents experienced work-related MSD symptoms, which was associated with time spent in surgery. Modifications to the workplace environment focusing on ergonomics, particularly in the operating room, may benefit ophthalmologists.
A 54-year-old man with bilateral symmetrical circular corneal opacities
Authors: McAlinden, MD, MB BCh, BSc (Hons), MSc, PhD, MRCOphth Colm , Williams, BSc (Hons), MB BCh (Hons), MRCP, FRCOphth Christopher P. R.
Published: April 2021

A 54-year-old man was referred to the Princess of Wales Hospital, Bridgend, United Kingdom, for evaluation of corneal opacities found on routine eye examination. He was asymptomatic and had no history of contact lens wear. Past ophthalmic, medical, and drug history were unremarkable. Of note, the patient reported having taken various brands of multivitamins over the preceding 3 years. He did not smoke tobacco, but he had a history of smoking cannabis in the past. He denied alcohol excess. The patient reported that his siblings and mother all had recent eye examinations and no signs of corneal opacities. His mother denied drug use during pregnancy. The patient was observed over a period of 2 months, with no change in appearance of the stromal opacities.
Der Rechtsrahmen für die europäische Normung
Authors: Leibrock Gero
Published: April 2021

Technische Normung und Rechtsetzung betreffen dem Grunde nach sehr unterschiedliche Bereiche, sowohl institutionell als auch materiell. Institutionell gibt es zwei voneinander unabhängige Entscheidungsebenen. Technische Normen werden von der Industrie erarbeitet und verabschiedet, Rechtssetzungsakte hingegen auf der staatlichen Ebene. Technische Normen sind „per se“ freiwillig und haben eher den Charakter einer Empfehlung, wohingegen Rechtsetzungsakte stets verbindlich sind. Der Adressatenkreis einer technischen Norm ist eher beschränkt. In der Regel handelt es sich um Hersteller bestimmter Produkte oder Erbringer von Dienstleistungen. Ein Rechtsetzungsakt hingegen adressiert die Allgemeinheit. Gleichwohl haben beide eine Gemeinsamkeit. Beide formulieren allgemeine materielle „Regeln“, die von jedermann angewendet werden können (Normung) oder müssen (Rechtsetzung). Wegen des in den Normungsorganisationen versammelten technischen Know-hows, der breiten Akzeptanz der Normung und der ständigen Anpassung von Normen an den neuesten Stand der Technik machen die rechtsetzenden Institutionen gerne und häufig Gebrauch von Normen zur Unterstützung ihrer Rechtsetzung. Die Wege hierzu sind vielfältig und mit Vor- und Nachteilen verbunden. Auch der europäische Gesetzgeber macht umfänglich Gebrauch von der Normung zur Unterstützung seiner Gesetzgebung. Im Wissen um die Vor- und Nachteile der verschiedenen Methoden zur Nutzung der Normung zur Unterstützung der Rechtsetzung hat er insbesondere im Bereich der Binnenmarktgesetzgebung eine Methode entwickelt, mittels derer die Vor- und Nachteile der bisher bekannten Methoden miteinander vereinigt und die unterschiedlichen Entscheidungsebenen besser miteinander verflochten werden können. Ziel des Beitrags ist, einen kurzen Überblick über die Einbindung von Normen in die Rechtsetzung, die Lösungsansätze des europäischen Gesetzgebers, die hierzu erlassenen europäischen Rechtsakte und die dennoch verbliebenen Problempunkte, die beim europäischen Gerichtshof anhängig waren und noch sind, zu geben.
Freihandel mit Grenzen? Aktuelle Entwicklungen im Bereich der nationalen und europäischen Investitionskontrolle (Investment Screening)
Authors: Nussbaum Ulrich
Published: April 2021

Digitalisierung, Klimawandel und zunehmender Wettbewerb durch aufsteigende Volkswirtschaften in Asien verändern die Spielregeln des internationalen Wirtschaftssystems. Insbesondere China gilt als „systemischer Wettbewerber“, dessen Wertesystem die westlich geprägte internationale Handelsordnung in ihren Grundsätzen herausfordert. Gleichzeitig wächst die wirtschaftliche Abhängigkeit Europas von China und mit den zunehmenden chinesischen Direktinvestitionen in sensible Branchen die Gefahr, dass damit Technologie und Know-how abgeschöpft werden. Wie können Deutschland und Europa mit dieser Herausforderung umgehen? Welche Möglichkeiten der Regulierung und des Schutzes gibt es? Diesen Fragen wird zunächst mit Blick auf die europäische Dimension und im Weiteren vor dem Hintergrund der nationalen Handlungsoptionen Deutschlands nachgegangen. In der Betrachtung der europäischen Dimension wird deutlich, dass die Europäische Union (EU) insbesondere in den strategischen Handlungsfeldern der Handels- und Infrastrukturpolitik, u.a. mit dem EU-China-Investitionsabkommen sowie der EU-Asien-Konnektivitätsstrategie, bereits wichtige Grundlagen für regelbasierte Wirtschaftsbeziehungen gelegt hat. Handlungsbedarf besteht hingegen bei der Anpassung des EU-Rechtsrahmens. Diskutiert werden Veränderungen im Vergabe-, Wettbewerbs- und Beihilferecht. Das Investment Screening unionsfremder Direktinvestition hingegen verbleibt nach aktueller Rechtsverordnung in der Verantwortung der Mitgliedsstaaten, wenngleich der Prüfrahmen insbesondere mit Blick auf kritische Infrastrukturen, kritische Technologien und kritische Ressourcen verschärft wurde. Eine wesentliche nationale Handlungsoption für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland liegt folglich in der Novellierung des Außenwirtschaftsrechts zur Umsetzung des verschärften Prüfrahmens in der Investitionskontrolle. Gleichzeitig müssen mit einer intelligenten Industriepolitik der nationale Standort und der Ausbau strategischer Technologie gestärkt sowie das industrielle und technologische Kapital geschützt werden. Die Bundesregierung hat hierzu mit der „Industriepolitik 2030“ bereits wichtige Leitlinien verabschiedet. Im Ergebnis bedarf es zukünftig eines verstärkten Zusammenwirkens europäischer und nationaler Anstrengungen für eine streitbare und wehrhafte Ökonomie, um die multilaterale Handelsordnung gegenüber systemkritischen Staaten erfolgreich zu verteidigen und zu stärken.
Nichteinmischung heute. Wandel des Konzepts der Nichteinmischung in innere Angelegenheiten im Licht von Individualschutz, Globalisierung und nur teilweiser Verrechtlichung der internationalen Beziehungen
Authors: Hector Pascal
Published: April 2021

Drei Tiefenströmungen der internationalen Beziehungen verändern aktuell Rolle und Tragweite des Nichteinmischungsprinzips in unterschiedliche Richtungen: Die Stärkung des Individualschutzes auch gegen den Heimatstaat im Völkerrecht führt tendenziell zu seiner Einschränkung und die zunehmende Globalisierung zu einer Vervielfachung nicht gewaltsamer Einwirkungsmöglichkeiten, während andererseits die nach wie vor mangelhaften Möglichkeiten rechtsförmlicher Rechtsdurchsetzung im Völkerrecht seine fortdauernde Bedeutung unterstreichen. Diese Entwicklungen erfordern ein neues Austarieren des Nichteinmischungsprinzips unter zahlreichen Aspekten, wobei hier die Frage der Auswirkungen auf die Schutzverantwortung (responsibility to protect) hervorgehoben werden soll: Bisher überwiegend kritisch betrachtet, wegen der perzipierten Gefahr einer Aushöhlung des Gewaltverbots, könnte dieser Rechtsgedanke eine Renaissance im Hinblick auf nicht-militärische Einflussmethoden erfahren. Bei alledem bleibt das Einmischungsverbot aber ein zentrales Element der internationalen Ordnung in einem - außerhalb supranationaler Integrationsgemeinschaften - nach wie vor „westfälisch“ geprägten Staatensystem, in dem es Menschen in unterschiedlichen Staats- und Gesellschaftsformen auch weiterhin die Freiheit gewähren soll, innerhalb dem durch die universellen Menschenrechte vorgegebenen Rahmen, unterschiedliche politische und gesellschaftliche Vorstellungen zu verwirklichen.
Towards a European Economic Criminal Law of Human Rights
Authors: Nieto Adán
Published: April 2021

The work proposes the emergence of a new sector within economic criminal law whose objective would be the protection of human rights and the sanctioning of multinational companies. This new sector should be promoted by the EU, which in recent years and from various sources, has been enacting a set of directives and regulations that affect this area. The economic criminal law of human rights would complement the possibilities already offered by international criminal law to sanction these conducts. The basis of the new incriminations found in this work connects with the obligations to establish compliance measures (due diligence) that have been established in the United Nations Guiding Principles for Multinational Enterprises and also with the new duties of transparency linked to non-financial information.
A Proposal for Criminal Liability for Breach of Due Diligence Obligations: the European Conflict Minerals Regulation as an Example
Authors: Vioque Luis Miguel
Published: April 2021

In recent years, the international community has adopted standards aimed at encouraging States to promote the development and implementation of human rights compliance programmes by companies. This has been the case for conflict minerals, where soft law recommendations have been translated into a European Union (EU) hard law standard that sets out several due diligence obligations for importers of certain minerals or metals. This article will examine the origin of the EU Conflict Minerals Regulation and outline the type of compliance and due diligence obligations imposed on EU importers. It also reflects on the role of criminal law as a means of sanctioning the most serious violations of these new due diligence obligations such as traceability and transparency.
The Use of Criminal Law on Abortion: A Structural Barrier that Limits Women’s Rights
Authors: Cristina González-Vélez Ana , Castro González Laura
Published: April 2021

The use of criminal law to limit abortion rights still prevails in most of the legal regimes around Latin America. This particular law reveals the lower value assigned to women’s lives in modern societies and how much the state interferes in women’s freedom and reproductive autonomy. This situation has had an impact on women’s ability to access safe and timely abortion services due to the numerous barriers they face, among other things the criminalization of abortion. This paper develops the arguments that support a recent constitutional claim submitted to the Constitutional Court in Colombia by the Just Cause Movement, demonstrating that abortion crime violates several human rights including equality and freedom and compromises women’s citizenship by undermining their ability to make free decisions about their bodies and their lives.
Vitamins and Minerals in Raw and Cooked Donkey Meat
Authors: Polidori Paolo , Di Girolami Paola , Vincenzetti Silvia
Published: April 2021

Human health is deeply affected by nutrition. The most important nutritional property of a good diet, able to provide an adequate amount of nutrients, to fulfill growth and development requirements, permitting also health maintenance, is variety of foods. Meat can be included in several diets, particularly when they are based on a restricted choice of plant foods. The inclusion of meat and meat products, even in small amounts, can significantly improve many diets; in fact, meat and derived products are good sources of proteins, vitamins and mineral salts. Thermal processes used for cooking meats represent an important factor which affects the minerals and vitamins meat content. Loss of minerals and water-soluble vitamins in cooked meat may occur, depending on the cooking method used. Previous studies investigated on donkey meat nutritional properties, described interesting characteristics of this alternative red meat, rich in protein and in iron, and with low-fat content. This chapter describes the donkey meat chemical composition, showing a comparison with other traditional red meats. The effects of cooking methods on donkey meat vitamins and minerals content will be also evaluated.
Changes in Atherosclerotic Plaque Composition with Anti-Lipid Therapy as Detected by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Thomas Drew , Marcelin Darma , Almeida Shone
Published: April 2021

Lipid management remains the mainstay of cardiovascular disease prevention. Drugs that target cholesterol reduction, such as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, have shown significant mortality and morbidity benefit. Predominantly targeting low-density lipoprotein (LDL). These drugs have been indicated to reduce lipid composition and plaque proliferation. Total plaque burden and composition can now be assessed with noninvasive advanced cardiac imaging modalities. This chapter will address the components of atherosclerotic plaque as identified with coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and review in detail the changes in plaque characteristics that may be responsible for reduction in cardiac events. These changes in plaque composition may help guide future management of cardiovascular disease, serving as an imaging biomarker for better risk stratification. Readers will gain a deeper understanding of plaque morphology with direct clinical applicability as well as an understanding of how noninvasive imaging can be utilized to assess plaque composition.
Nitrogen Fixation in Soybean Nodules Affects Seed Protein and Oil Contents: The Suggested Mechanism from the Coordinated Changes of Seed Chemical Compositions and Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase Activity Caused by Different Types of Nitrogen Fertilizer
Authors: Sugimoto Toshio , Yamamoto Naoki , Masumura Takehiro
Published: April 2021

The contents of seed storage compounds, protein and oil, determine the best use of soybean seeds, namely materials for food processing and oil production. Genetic and environmental factors could affect the chemical compositions of soybean seeds. However, the mechanisms of how the accumulation of these primary seed compounds is regulated are mostly unclear. In this chapter, we describe the different effects of nodulation on the protein and oil contents in soybean seeds and the crucial role of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) in the protein accumulation of soybean seeds. Based on our previous studies on soybean seeds, we introduce five manners deduced; (1) protein accumulation is independent of oil accumulation, (2) nitrogen fixation results in decreasing oil amount per seed and decreased seed oil content, (3) a high pseudo negative correlation between protein and oil contents in seeds is likely to be observed under less nitrogen supply from the soil, (4) nitrogen absorbed from soil during the late growth stage promote seed production, (5) plant-type PEPC, ex. Gmppc2 in soybean could play a role in amino acid biosynthesis for storage protein accumulation in seeds during the late maturation period.
Electrochemical Applications for the Antioxidant Sensing in Food Samples Such as Citrus and Its Derivatives, Soft Drinks, Supplementary Food and Nutrients
Authors: Demir Ersin , Silah Hülya , Aydogdu Nida
Published: April 2021

Although there are many definitions of antioxidants, the most general description; antioxidants are carried a phenolic function in their structure and prevent the formation of free radicals or intercept from damage to the cell by scavenging existing radicals. Moreover, they are one of the most effective substances that contain essential nutrients for healthy individuals. The importance of these antioxidants, which have an incredible effect on the body and increase the body’s resistance, is increasing day by day for healthy individuals. Numerous studies have been carried out for antioxidants with excellent properties and however new, reliable, selective, sensitive and green analytical methods are sought for their determination at trace levels in food samples. Along with the latest developments, electrochemical methods are of great interest in the world of science because they are fast, reliable, sensitive and environmentally friendly. Electrochemical methods have been frequently applied to analyze antioxidant capacity in many nutrients samples found in different forms such as solid, liquid without any pretreatment applications in the last decade. Furthermore, these methods are preferred because of the short analysis time, the ability to lower detection limits, reduction in a solvent, high sensitivity, portability, low sample consumption, wide working range, and more economical than existing other traditional analytical methods. The antioxidant sensing applications by modern electrochemical methods such as cyclic, square wave, differential pulse, and combined with stripping voltammetric techniques were used to deduce antioxidant capacity (AC) in critical nutrients. Moreover, this chapter includes a description of the classification of electrochemical methods according to the working electrode type, dynamic working range, limit of determination (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), sample type, and using standard analyte and so forth for each voltammetric methods. While many articles applied for the determination of antioxidant sensing by electrochemistry have gained momentum in the last two decades, we focused on the studies conducted over the last 4 years in this chapter.
Modern Teacher Education - Supporting the Vast Landscape of 21st Century Pedagogy
Authors: Joshua C. Elliott Dr , Craig S. Tunks Dr
Published: April 2021

Learners have changed; Teaching has changed; Expectations have changed. How to best support modern learners is the challenge of all educators at all grade levels. The students of today are sophisticated users of technology, they are multitasking constantly and can sometimes be more comfortable with the technology than they are interacting with teachers and peers in the real world. Marc Prensky described them as “Digital Natives” over 10 years ago implying that they are efficient users of technology. This is not always the case. While they are exposed to various technologies and can successfully use them outside the classroom their use of these same tools as learning support tools can be lacking. Digital natives have different learning styles and different concerns than previous students. Educators need to keep up with this changing landscape and need to learn, develop and innovate new ways to support todays’ learners. Supporting today’s learners now requires more than just educating them in a specific content area but also includes supporting them in the use of technology tools in an education setting. Supporting educators through areas of primary training such as teacher preparation programs and degree programs are one way to accomplish this but also the many credible teacher training programs that provide experience, peer support or certifications are also excellent tools. Through this chapter we will take a close look at pedagogy, learning styles, support tools, and the skills needed to be a modern educator.
Path Integral Two Dimensional Models of P– and D–Wave Superconductors and Collective Modes
Authors: Brusov Peter , Filatova Tatiana
Published: April 2021

The main parameter, which describes superfluids and superconductors and all their main properties is the order parameter. After discovery the high temperature superconductors (HTSC) and heavy fermion superconductors (HFSC) the unconventional pairing in different superconductors is studied very intensively. The main problem here is the type of pairing: singlet or triplet, orbital moment of Cooper pair value L, symmetry of the order parameter etc. Recent experiments in Sr2RuO4 renewed interest in the problem of the symmetry of the order parameters of the HTSC. The existence of CuO2 planes – the common structural factor of HTSC – suggests we consider two-dimensional (2D) models. A 2D– model of p–pairing using a path integration technique has been developed by Brusov and Popov. A 2D model of d–pairing within the same technique has been developed by Brusov et al. All properties of 2D–superconductors (for example, of CuO2 planes of HTSC) and, in particular, the collective excitations spectrum, are determined by these functionals. We consider all superconducting states, arising in symmetry classification of p-wave and d-wave 2D–superconductors, and calculate the full collective modes spectrum for each of these states. This will help to identify the type of pairing and the symmetry of the order parameter in HTSC and HFSC.
Calling and Comradeship
Authors: van den Goor Myra , Bondarouk Tanya
Published: April 2021

Patient safety heavily relies on doctors performing to the best of their abilities, delivering high quality of patientcare. However, changing market forces and increasing bureaucracy challenge physicians in their performance. Despite the dynamic conditions they experience, the majority performs on a high level. What exactly drives these doctors? Answering this question will shed light on how to best support doctors to be the engaged healthcare professionals that society wants and needs them to be. So patients are ensured safe and high quality of care. This chapter dips deeper into what primarily drives doctors, thus we turned to doctors themselves for answers. Being interested in their perceptions, feelings, behaviour, relations to, and interactions with, each other, this chapter relies heavily on qualitative research involving around 1000 hospital-based physicians. Conclusively, doctors can only truly blossom in an environment that stimulates their calling and that breathes a comradeship mindset, where sharing is about caring and peer-support is felt. It’s alarming that these essential humanistic and relational values are supressed by today’s more business-like climate in healthcare. Curtailing what primarily inspires doctors will eventually lead to doctors no longer having the time, energy and motivation to deliver the best possible patientcare. To restore the balance, we provide recommendations on the individual-, group-, and organizational level.
Clinical Approaches of Biomimetic: An Emerging Next Generation Technology
Authors: Rani Kirti
Published: April 2021

Biomimetic is the study of various principles of working mechanisms of naturally occurring phenomena and their further respective integrations in to such a modified advanced mechanized instruments/models of digital or artificial intelligence protocols. Hence, biomimetic has been proposed in last decades for betterment of human mankind for improving security systems by developing various convenient robotic vehicles and devices inspired by natural working phenomenon of plants, animals, birds and insects based on biochemical engineering and nanotechnology. Hence, biomimetic will be considered next generation technology to develop various robotic products in the fields of chemistry, medicine, material sciences, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering medicine, biomedical engineering to treat various diseases and congenital disorders. The characteristics of tissue engineered scaffolds are found to possess multifunctional cellular properties like biocompatibility, biodegradability and favorable mechanized properties when comes in close contact with the body fluids in vivo. This chapter will provide overall overview to the readers for the study based on reported data of developed biomimetic materials and tools exploited for various biomedical applications and tissue engineering applications which further helpful to meet the needs of the medicine and health care industries.
Individuation, Identity, and Resurrection in Thomas Jackson and John Locke
Authors: Thompson Jon W. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

This paper outlines the views of two 17th century thinkers (Thomas Jackson and John Locke) on the question of the metaphysics of resurrection. I show that Jackson and Locke each depart from central 17th century Scholastic convictions regarding resurrection and philosophical anthropology (convictions laid out in section II). Each holds that matter or material continuity is not a plausible principle of diachronic individuation for living bodies such as human beings. Despite their rejection of the traditional view, they each provide a defence of the possibility of a personal afterlife. I outline these (quite different) defences in sections III–IV. I then argue (section V) that it is likely either that Locke had read Jackson on the issue of resurrection or that the two were influenced by a common source. I argue that matter might provide a suitable principle of diachronic individuation in both everyday cases of living bodies and in the case of resurrection.
Down the Rabbit hOle: Museum to Offer New Experiences of Children’s Books Up Close and Personal
Authors: Foat Lindsey
Published: April 2021

Running a children’s bookstore for nearly thirty years, Deb Pettid and Pete Cowdin witnessed not only the vital impact of books and story, but also how educational trends were increasingly focused more on proficiency levels than cultivating a love of reading.As both booksellers and artists, the pair began to envision a place where children and families could reconnect with story, celebrate the culture around children’s literature, and literally step into some of the greatest children’s books ever published.So, five years ago they closed their beloved children’s bookstore, The Reading Reptile, to embark on an outlandishly ambitious adventure—The Rabbit hOle.
Determinantes de desempenho em joint ventures internacionais brasileiras
Authors: Camelo Lianna Silva , Forte Sergio Henrique Arruda Cavalcante
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Investigar a relevância dos determinantes do desempenho em Joint Ventures Internacionais (JVI) Brasileiras em cada estágio do seu ciclo de vida.Metodologia: Os determinantes já mapeados na literatura foram identificados e agrupados em três dimensões: interna, industrial e institucional. Um questionário que solicitou o ordenamento das dimensões e determinantes foi desenvolvido e encaminhado a acadêmicos e gestores. Os dados foram tratados por meio da técnica de análise multicritério MAGIQ (Multi-Attribute Global Inference of Quality).Resultados: Os resultados evidenciaram que a relevância das dimensões varia conforme o estágio no ciclo de vida organizacional. A dimensão interna tem mais influência no desempenho de JVIs durante o período de startup do que as dimensões industrial e institucional, contudo esta posição se inverte quando a JVI adquire maior maturidade.Limitações do estudo: Os dados coletados para o estudo referem-se à percepção que os especialistas tem relação aos determinantes do desempenho em JVIs Brasileiras. Isso significa que pode haver um gap entre esta percepção e os indicadores de desempenho quantitativos de uma JVI.Implicações práticas: Entender qual é a relevância dos determinantes do desempenho de JVIs em cada fase do seu ciclo de vida pode facilitar o manejo dessas variáveis de forma a possibilitar a criação de ações mais eficientes de acordo com o momento da empresa.Originalidade: O estudo enquadra os determinantes nas três dimensões propostas pelas teorias de administração estratégica estabelecendo um ranking entre eles e utiliza técnica MAGIQ na análise dos resultados.
New floristic records for the province of Albacete and Granada
Authors: Sánchez-Gómez Pedro , Jiménez Juan Francisco , Cánovas José Luis , Catalán Antonio , López-Donate José Antonio , del Río Jesús , Vera Pérez Juan Bautista
Published: April 2021

Se presenta un listado de 21 especies de flora, novedosas o de interés, para las provincias de Albacete y Granada, procedentes de las sierras subbéticas y aledaños.

In this work, 21 new or interesting records for the flora of Albacete and Granada are listed, mainly belonging to Sub-baetic Mountains and surrounding areas.
La parole de L’Utopie : oralité d’une écriture chez Thomas More
Authors: Poirier Guillaume G.
Published: April 2021

Cet article exploratoire offre une réinterprétation de L’Utopie de Thomas More en y problématisant le rôle politique de l’écriture et de la parole. En prenant pour point de départ le concept de voie oblique offert par Abensour, il s’agira de souligner la prédominance de l’oralité dans cette stratégie littéraire. Pour ce faire, trois influences sous-estimées dans les analyses de L’Utopie seront dégagées : le problème de la logographie du Phèdre, l’emploi rhétorique d’une mise en abîme topologique dans le De Republica de Cicéron et les récits modernes sur « les peuples sans écriture » du Nouveau Monde. On pourra enfin saisir comment cette tension entre écriture et parole affecte le questionnement utopiste sur la chose politique. C’est qu’en se faisant parole, l’écriture de L’Utopie produit une stratégie discursive que l’on voit résonner chez d’autres auteurs du XVIe siècle (Machiavel, La Boétie) : elle offre une pensée heuristique sur le possible doublée d’une critique de l’ordre politique de son temps.
La résurrection qui vient
Authors: Chatonsky Grégory
Published: April 2021

Dans ce texte, Grégory Chatonsky, déploie les possibilités discursives d’une installation exposée au Palais de Tokyo à Paris en été 2019. Partant de la situation critique de l’anthropocène, il développe une relation entre les réseaux de neurones de l’intelligence artificielle et l’extinction. Décrivant l’IA comme une volonté de préserver l’humanité au-delà de sa limite, la résurrection prend une signification qui n’est plus simplement théologique.
« Personne ne va s’évader de la prison de la langue » : Galatea 2.2 de Richard Powers
Authors: Regnauld Arnaud
Published: April 2021

Dans cet article, Arnaud Regnauld aborde la question de la création littéraire et de l’expérience esthétique à partir du roman de Richard Powers intitulé Galatea 2.2. Que se passerait-il en effet si une machine pouvait réellement produire une forme pertinente d’analyse littéraire et réussir à se faire passer pour un être humain? Au-delà des questions de connaissance et de cognition, s’il n’y avait pas de différence entre le cerveau humain et un réseau neuronal, qu’est-ce que cela signifierait en matière d’expérience esthétique? L’enjeu de cet article vise à déterminer les limites de la simulation. En d’autres termes, une machine est-elle susceptible de formuler un jugement esthétique selon une logique computationnelle fondée sur le calcul?
Dynamic Bayesian Network-Based Escape Probability Estimation for Coach Fire Accidents
Authors: Zhou Chenyu , Zhao Xuan , Yu Qiang , Huang Rong
Published: April 2021

Coach emergency escape research is an effective measure to reduce casualties under serious vehicle fire accidents. A novel experiment method employing a wireless transducer was implemented and the head rotation speed, rotation moment and rotation duration were collected as the input variables for the classification and regression tree (CART) model. Based on this model, the classification result explicitly pointed out that the exit searching efficiency was evolving. By ignoring the last three unimportant factors from the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the ultimate Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) was built with the temporal part of the CART output and the time-independent part of the vehicle characteristics. Simulation showed that the most efficient exit searching period is the middle escape stage, which is 10 seconds after the emergency signal is triggered, and the escape probability clearly increases with the efficient exit searching. Furthermore, receiving emergency escape training contributes to a significant escape probability improvement of more than 10%. Compared with different failure modes, the emergency hammer layout and door reliability have a more significant influence on the escape probability improvement than aisle condition. Based on the simulation results, the escape probability will significantly drop below 0.55 if the emergency hammers, door, and aisle are all in a failure state.
De Luce Boreali
Authors: Mayer Friedrich Christoph
Published: April 2021

This is Friedrich Christoph Mayer's first article "De Luce Boreali" (On the Nothern Light), as published in the Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae Tomus I ad annum 1726 (printed 1728).
Association behavior between sand tiger sharks and round scad is driven by mesopredators
Authors: Coleman Nicholas C. , Burge Erin J.
Published: April 2021

In marine systems, behaviorally-mediated indirect interactions between prey, mesopredators, and higher trophic-level, large predators are less commonly investigated than other ecologic interactions, likely because of inherent difficulties associated with making observations. Underwater videos (n = 216) from SharkCam, a camera installation sited beneath Frying Pan Tower, a decommissioned light house and platform, on a natural, hard bottom site approximately 50 km off Cape Fear, North Carolina, were used to investigate association behavior of round scadDecapterus punctatusaround sand tiger sharksCarcharias taurus. Videos containing sand tiger sharks were analyzed for the simultaneous presence of round scad, and six species of scad mesopredators, with scad-shark interactions assigned to one of three categories of association: no visible interaction, loosely associated, or tightly associated. The likelihood of scad being loosely or tightly associated with sharks was significantly higher in the presence of scad mesopredators, suggesting that sharks provide a predation refuge for scad. This behaviorally-mediated indirect interaction has important implications for trophic energy transfer and mesopredator control on hard bottoms, as scad are one of the most abundant planktivorous fish on hard bottoms in the western Atlantic Ocean. Although we were not able to provide statistical evidence that sand tiger sharks also benefit from this association behavior, we have clear video evidence that round scad association conceals and attracts mesopredators, enhancing predation opportunities for sand tiger sharks. These interactions potentially yield additional trophic consequences to this unique association and highlight the value of exploring behaviorally-mediated interactions in marine communities.
Diagnostic Value of Circulating MicroRNAs for Middle Aged Coronary Artery Disease Patients: A Case-control Study
Authors: Ali Wahid , Mishra Sridhar , Rizvi Aliya , Perrone Marco A , Tasleem Mohd , Wamique Mohd , Sethi Rishi , Pradhan Akshay
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) remains a major problem worldwide. New and useful biomarkers for early diagnosis are necessary. MicroRNAs (miR) are short, non-coding RNAs that post transcriptionally regulate gene expression through degradation and translational repression of mRNAs. Aim: The current case-control study was designed to assess strength and relevance of diagnostic miR-126, 122 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) level in the diagnoses of angiographically proven CAD cases. Materials and Methods: Circulating levels of miR-126 and miR-122 and VEGF levels were measured in serum from 100 middle aged 46-58 years patients with CAD and 100 patients without CAD through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. Results: Circulating miR-122 level was significantly higher in CAD cases compared to control (1.60±1.06 and 0.93±0.43, p=0.001), however miR-126 was significantly lowered in CAD cases compared to control (0.82±0.51 and 1.01±0.47, p=0.02). Circulating VEGF level was significantly higher in CAD cases compared to control (182.97±156.49 and 105.49±103.88, p=0.02). Circulating miR-122, 126 and VEGF level did not show any association with demographic and clinical parameters. Area Under the Curve (AUC) for circulating miR-122, 126 and VEGF were 0.700, 0.644 and 0.649 with sensitivity and specificity of 66.67%, 56.41%, 61.18% and 70%, 60% and 64%, respectively. The combined diagnostic efficacy of miR-122 and 126 showed higher sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: Circulating miR-122 and 126 might be novel, non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of CAD. Further exposition of the role of miR-122, 126 and VEGF in the progression of CAD will add to the understanding of the disease process leading to a new diagnostic approach. However, further studies on larger patient cohorts are required to validate the findings.