bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penyuluhan dan Deteksi Dini Anemia menuju Generasi Berkualitas pada Mahasiswa Kebidanan
Authors: Sari Marlynda Happy Nurmalita , Anggraini Dina Dewi
Published: August 2020

Background: The prevalence of anemia in adolescent girls in Indonesia is still high at 57.1%. As a result of anemia is adolescent learning achievement can decrease, work productivity decreases and body immunity decreases so that the body is easily infected. Long-term effects of anemia in adolescent girls can occur complications of pregnancy and even the risk of maternal and perinatal death. Purpose of this studi is provide counseling and early detection of anemia to Midwifery students as an effort to make them aware in preventing and overcoming anemia. Methods: The target of this activity is 132 students of the Blora Midwifery Diploma Program. This activity is carried out by providing information or knowledge in the form of counseling to students about anemia and followed by history and physical examination. Only students who showed signs and symptoms of anemia who were tested for HB levels were 30 students. Results: Early detection of 30 students there were 53.3% who were not anemic and 46.7% were anemic. Most of the students' menstruation period is 6-7 days which is 73.3%. While the results of counseling some students already understand about anemia. Conclusion: Of the 132 students only 30 showed signs and symptoms of anemia. Hb examination results are almost the same between respondents who are anemic and not anemic. It is hoped that the results of community service activities can be used as an illustration of the incidence of anemia in Midwifery students so that efforts can be made to prevent and manage anemia. Provide motivation and awareness to students to consume nutritious and iron-containing foods or to consume extra blood tablets.
Deteksi Sederhana Boraks dan Formalin pada Makanan Jajanan Anak dengan Bunga Terompet Ungu (Ruellia Tuberosa)
Authors: Hastuti Rini Tri , Rusita Youstiana Dwi
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background: Borax and Formalin are often misused by naughty producers as additional preservatives in children's snacks such as cilok, meatballs, noodles and other foods. BPOM data shows that throughout 2012, the incidence of poisoning due to consuming food occupied the highest position, namely 66.7%, one of the causes of food poisoning was the presence of chemical contamination in children's snack foods, such as borax and formalin. The accumulation of these substances in the body can have a negative impact on health. Purple trumpet flower is a simple detection material to find out the presence of borax and formalin in food. The aim of community service is to increase knowledge in mothers of school-age children, how to detect simple borax and formalin in children's snacks with purple trumpet flowers. Methods: The method by means of detection training is how to detect simple borax and formalin in children's snacks with purple trumpet flowers. Results: From the results of community service, that mothers with 90% of school-age children can do a simple way of detecting borax and formalin in children's snacks with purple trumpet flowers. Conclutions: that mothers of school-age children can do a simple way of detecting borax and formalin in children's snacks with purple trumpet flowers.
Cat Stretch Exercise sebagai Salah Satu Solusi Mengatasi Dismenore pada Remaja Putri
Authors: Wulandari Yunita , Subekti Wulandari Ika , Murharyati Atiek
Published: August 2020

Background: Dysmenorrhea is a result of menstruation. Dysmenorrhea can cause a variety of complaints in young women such as irregular pain, severe pain and cramps in the lower abdomen that will spread to the back of the back, legs, groin. Cat Stretch Exercise is one of the interventions that is considered to reduce dysmenorrhea pain. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in pain levels in Pondok Imam Bukhari students who were given Cat Stretch Exercise. Methods: The study design used a quasi-two-group pre-test and post-test without control method. Pain measurement with a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) to assess the level of pain before and after the Cat Stretch Exercise exercise. Respondents in the community service were 31 students who experienced dismenore. Results: Obtained decreased respondents' pain scale from moderate to mild pain. Conclusion: CSE interventions are recommended as one of the non-pharmacological steps to deal with the pain of dysmenorrhea.
ANÁLISIS DEL PERFIL DE LOS PACIENTES CON CÁNCER COLORRECTAL EN LA PROVINCIA DE MÁLAGA: CARACTERÍSTICAS CLÍNICO DEMOGRÁFICAS Y FACTORES DE RIESGO.
Authors: Zamudio Sánchez Antonio , Romero Arana Adolfo , Salinas Pérez Virginia , García Sánchez Rosa , Sánchez Lozano Miguel Ángel , Manjón Rodríguez Estefanía
Published: August 2020

Introducción

La incidencia y mortalidad del cáncer colorrectal exige la necesidad de su adecuado manejo a nivel asistencial, que necesariamente obliga a conocer el perfil clínico y demográfico de las personas con este proceso de enfermedad para mejorar los resultados de salud.

Objetivo

Conocer el perfil del paciente de cáncer colorrectal atendido en Málaga en el año 2016.

Método

Estudio descriptivo transversal, en UGCI de Oncología de los hospitales de Málaga, año 2016, por patología y centro sanitario para  variables clínicas, socio-demográficas y factores de riesgo de cáncer colorrectal. Se realizó análisis estadístico al objetivo planteado con programa SPSS 24.

Resultados

Total de 394 pacientes, con edad promedio de 67,18 años para ambos tumores, con mayor presencia de hombres que de mujeres. El síntoma más frecuente de la muestra ha sido el dolor abdominal en el cáncer de colon y rectorragia en el cáncer de recto. Un 28,65 % presentó antecedentes familiares de cáncer de colon o recto. Se han hallado evidencias estadísticamente significativas entre el consumo de tabaco y alcohol como factores de riesgo de la enfermedad, con mayor presencia diagnóstica depacientes en estadio III, seguidos del estadio II.

Conclusiones

Destacar la importancia del Cribado poblacional, junto a la necesidad de intervenciones educativas sobre estos factores de riesgo (tabaco y alcohol) en la población, así como continuar el estudio en relación a tiempos de demora del diagnóstico, dirigiéndonos hacia la mejora diagnóstica y terapéutica en beneficio de los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal.
Protonterapia: estado del arte y aplicaciones clínicas
Authors: López-Moranchel Ignacio
Published: August 2020

La terapia protones es la forma más común de radioterapia con partículas pesadas y en los últimos años ha captado la atención pública debido a las expectativas generadas sobre su eficacia y a la expansión de centros especializados por diferentes países, incluida España. Este trabajo revisa las propiedades físicas de la terapia con protones, su evolución histórica, sus ventajas e inconvenientes, técnicas de aplicación y evidencias de efectividad clínica comparada la radioterapia de fotones. El interés en el uso de protones se debe a su comportamiento dosimétrico, que permite una mejor distribución de la dosis en la zona a tratar, una menor irradiación de los órganos críticos de riesgo y tejidos colindantes y, en consecuencia, una menor toxicidad. Mientras que la principal desventaja se relaciona con la incertidumbre que existe en la estimación del pico de Bragg. Para la conformación del haz de protones se recurre a dos sistemas, uno pasivo (PSPT), más antiguo, y otro activo en el que los protones son dirigidos magnéticamente sobre la zona de tratamiento (PBS); es sobre este último, sobre el que se están introduciendo sistemas que mejoran la precisión de la irradiación sobre el volumen tumoral (IMRT, SFUD). Actualmente, la protonterapia no ha demostrado ser un tratamiento más eficaz y seguro que la terapia con fotones para la mayoría de los tipos de tumores sólidos estudiados, si bien, la terapia con protones ha proporcionado mejores resultados en determinados aspectos evaluados para el meduloblastoma y algunos tumores pediátricos del sistema nervioso central, los tumores de la base del cráneo y el melanoma uveal. El consenso general es que existe la necesidad de realizar ensayos aleatorios y recopilar datos de resultados multicéntricos para demostrar inequívocamente la ventaja de los protones.
Dolor, cáncer, pseudociencias y mala ciencia: a propósito de un caso
Authors: SANTILLAN-GARCIA AZUCENA , Peco Ivan Herrero , Moran José-María
Published: August 2020

El dolor en el paciente oncológico es un aspecto que las enfermeras tratan de manejar de la manera más eficaz y segura. Para ello la literatura científica describe interevenciones farmacológicas y no farmacológicas. Orientada a estas ultimas hay una revisión sistématica que recomienda intervenciones como la acupresión. Sin embargo al realizar una revisión de lo publicado en esa revisión sistematica (post peer review) se identifican fallos en la misma que deben hacernos tomar con precaución sus recomendaciones. A través de esta caso práctico ponemos de manifiesto la importancia de la lectura crítica de la evidencia científica , si como de los cuidados basados en ciencia y alejados de pseucociencias.
Necesidades de los familiares en la etapa de larga supervivencia de cáncer
Authors: Cavallar Oriol Beatriz , García-Vivar Cristina
Published: August 2020

Introducción: El cáncer es una experiencia familiar en la que los supervivientes y sus familiares vivencian cambios a corto y largo plazo, especialmente en la esfera emocional. La preocupación por la recidiva o la incertidumbre del futuro generan niveles de estrés significativo en la familia. A pesar de ello, existe escasa investigación sobre las necesidades de los familiares en la supervivencia de cáncer.

Objetivos: Identificary describir las necesidades de los familiares de pacientes supervivientes de cáncer en la etapa de larga supervivencia.

Métodos: Revisión narrativa con metodología sistemática de selección de artículos en cuatro bases de datos publicados entrediciembre de 2015 y marzo de 2018, y revisión manual de las 10 revistas internacionales más relevantes del ámbito de la oncología. Los 14 artículos identificados fueron analizados y la calidad de estos fue también evaluada.

Resultados:Los familiares, denominados como “supervivientes secundarios”, tienen necesidades específicas que precisan ser abordadas por los profesionales. Estas necesidades fueron clasificadas en las siguientes categorías: apoyo emocional y espiritual, información, manejo de cuidados al superviviente y atención al propio familiar.

Conclusiones: Esta revisión recopila información que demuestra que la familia debe considerarse como unidad de cuidado en la larga supervivencia de cáncer. Además, proporciona un punto de partida para el desarrollo de nuevas guías de práctica clínica que promuevan la evaluación e intervención familiar, no solo en las fases iniciales del diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer, sino también en la larga supervivencia de cáncer.
The Free-movement pattern Y-maze: A cross-species measure of working memory and executive function
Authors: Cleal Madeleine , Fontana Barbara D. , Ranson Daniel C. , McBride Sebastian D. , Swinny Jerome D. , Redhead Edward S. , Parker Matthew O.
Published: August 2020

Numerous neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders are associated with deficits in executive functions such as working memory and cognitive flexibility. Progress in developing effective treatments for disorders may benefit from targeting these cognitive impairments, the success of which is predicated on the development of animal models with validated behavioural assays. Zebrafish offer a promising model for studying complex brain disorders, but tasks assessing executive function are lacking. The Free-movement pattern (FMP) Y-maze combines aspects of the common Y-maze assay, which exploits the inherent motivation of an organism to explore an unknown environment, with analysis based on a series of sequential two-choice discriminations. We validate the task as a measure of working memory and executive function by comparing task performance parameters in adult zebrafish treated with a range of glutamatergic, cholinergic and dopaminergic drugs known to impair working memory and cognitive flexibility. We demonstrate the cross-species validity of the task by assessing performance parameters in adapted versions of the task for mice and Drosophila, and finally a virtual version in humans, and identify remarkable commonalities between vertebrate species’ navigation of the maze. Together, our results demonstrate that the FMP Y-maze is a sensitive assay for assessing working memory and cognitive flexibility across species from invertebrates to humans, providing a simple and widely applicable behavioural assay with exceptional translational relevance.
La manufactura aditiva y los materiales compuestos en el diseño de prótesis transtibiales de uso deportivo
Authors: Rosel Solís Manuel Javier , Molina Salazar Javier , Paz González Juan Antonio , Ruíz Ochoa Juan Antonio
Published: August 2020

En el presente trabajo se revisa el estado del arte que guarda la manufactura aditiva en cuanto a sus avances en la mejora de sus materiales, específicamente, a través de la incorporación de materiales compuestos, como la fibra de carbono. Además, se hace una revisión de los procesos convencionales de manufactura de materiales compuestos y se analiza el grado de aplicación de la manufactura aditiva y los materiales compuestos en la manufactura de prótesis transtibiales prostéticas y de uso deportivo, con el objetivo de identificar oportunidades de mejora.
POÉTICA EPISTOLAR O SOBRE LA HECHURA DE LAS CARTAS
Authors: Pagés-Rangel Roxana
Published: August 2020

Sin información.
Начально-краевая задача для параболических систем в областях диэдрального типа
Authors: Duong P. T.
Published: August 2020

УДК 517.9
Наведено деякi результати щодо гладкостi розв'язку початково-крайової задачi для параболiчної системи рiвнянь з частинними похiдними

u
t

-

(
-
1
)

m

P

(
x
,
t
,

D
x

)

u
=
f

(
x
,
t
)

??

Ω
T

:
=
Ω
×

(
0
,
T
)

,

∂
j

u

∂

ν
j

=
0

????

(
∂
Ω
\
M
)

×

(
0
,
T
)

u

(
x
,0
)

=
0
,

в областi

Ω
T

дiедрального типу, де

P

- еліптичний оператор iз змiнними коефiцiєнтами. Показано залежнiсть регулярностi розв'язкiв вiд розподiлу власних значень для вiдповiдних спектральних задач. Отриманi результати кориснi для розумiння асимптотики слабкого розв'язку поблизу сингулярного краю дiедральних областей.
On the cardinality of unique range sets with weight one
Authors: Chakraborty B. , Chakraborty S.
Published: August 2020

UDC 517.9

Two meromorphic functions

f

and

g

are said to share the set

S
⊂
ℂ
∪

{
∞
}

with weight

l
∈
ℕ
∪

{
0
}

∪

{
∞
}

,

if

E
f

(
S
,
l
)

=

E
g

(
S
,
l
)

,

where where

t
=
p

if

p
≤
l

and

t
=
p
+
1

if

p
>
l
.

In this paper, we improve and supplement the result of L. W. Liao and C. C. Yang [Indian J.  Pure and Appl.  Math., 31, No~4, 431–440 (2000)] by showing that there exist a finite set

S

with 13 elements such that

E
f

(
S
,1
)

=

E
g

(
S
,1
)

implies

f
≡
g
.
On the commutator of Marcinkiewicz integrals with rough kernels in variable Morrey type spaces
Authors: Qu M. , Wang L.
Published: August 2020

UDC 517.5
In the framework of variable exponent Morrey and Morrey–Herz spaces, we prove some boundedness results for the commutator of Marcinkiewicz integrals with rough kernels. The approach is based on the theory of variable exponent and on generalization of the BMO-norms.
Essential amenability of Fréchet algebras
Authors: Abtahi F. , Rahnama S.
Published: August 2020

UDC 517.98
Essential amenability of Banach algebras have been defined and investigated. Here, this concept will be introduced for Frechet algebras. Then a number of well-known results of essential amenability of Banach algebras are generalized for Fréchet algebras. Moreover, related results about Segal–Fréchet algebras are provided. As the main result, it is provedthat if

(
𝒜
,

p
ℓ

)

is an amenable Fréchet algebra with a uniformly bounded approximate identity, then every symmetric Segal – Fréchet algebra in

(
𝒜
,

p
ℓ

)

is essentially amenable.
GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF LEGAL ECONOMIC POLICY
OF THE SOCIAL STATE:
GENERAL THEORETICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Садыков И.А.
Published: August 2020

Введение: в статье формулируются цели и задачи правовой экономической политики социального
государства, значимость реализации которых подтверждается современными преобразованиями правовой реальности.
Материалы и методы: в работе использованы общенаучные и частнонаучные методы исследования (анализ, синтез, сравнение, формально-юридический метод и др.). Межотраслевое взаимодействие
теоретического правоведения и конституционного права позволило обосновать цели и задачи правовой
экономической политики в аксиологическом подходе.
Результаты исследования: проведен анализ развития теории правовой политики, объяснено ее методологическое значение, обоснован межотраслевой подход теории государства и права и конституционного права, при помощи которого необходимо установить цели и задачи современной правовой экономической политики социального государства.
Обсуждение и заключения: обосновывается необходимость применения межотраслевого и междис-
циплинарного подходов в правовой науке при объяснении стратегий правовой экономической политики
социального государства в ходе взаимодействия таких научных дисциплин, как право, экономика, исто-
рия, социология, политология и др. Автор приходит к выводу, что необходимо определение конкретных
целей и задач рассматриваемой проблемы, важной для юридической науки и практики.
Natural and Positive Law: Prospects
for Overcoming Contradictions
Authors: Карнаушенко Л.В.
Published: August 2020

Введение: в статье исследуется вопрос о соотношении теорий естественного и позитивного права.
При этом одной из основных исследовательских задач является определение возможности синтеза обо-
значенных теорий, а также определение специфики и сущности противоречий между ними. В статье
проводится исследование и сопоставление естественно-правовой и позитивно-правовой теорий, анализируются основные критические замечания в их адрес. Рассматриваются особенности современной
правовой практики с точки зрения момента обращения к исследованиям естественно-правового и пози-
тивно-правового характера.
Материалы и методы: в ходе работы были задействованы классические общенаучные методы ана-
лиза, синтеза и дедукции, а также обобщение. Кроме того, на отдельных этапах исследования был при-
менен диалектический подход.
Результаты исследования: противоречие между естественно-правовой и позитивно-правовой теорией пролегает в области приоритетов в рассмотрении права, критериев оценки правовых норм, а также
характере применяемой методологии. При этом присутствует ряд аспектов, в которых позитивное право
дополняет естественно-правовую теорию. Обосновывается возможность формирования правовой теории на стыке естественно-правовой и позитивно-правовой теорий.
Обсуждение и заключения: обосновывается значимость и перспективность разработок, ориентированных на объединение естественно-правового и позитивно-правового подходов. Доказывается, что
уже сейчас одной из серьезных тенденций современного права становится совмещение элементов естественного и позитивного права в практике регулирования законодательной сферы.
Biological Properties of Betalains extracted from inermis nopals of Algerian Opuntia ficus indica (L.)
Authors: Moussaoui Badreddine , Rahali Abdellah , Bouamar Sarah , Riazi Ali
Published: August 2020

The nopals of Opuntia ficus indica, used traditionally as a valuable vegetable, present a vegetative part highly rich in biomolecules such as betalain pigments. In order to reveal a possible use of these nopals as nutraceutical, in modern medicine or cosmetics, this study was conducted to quantify the betalains in inermis nopals of Algerian Opuntia, and highlighted their biological antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant activities in vitro. The yield of betalains extraction was 0.04% which equaled to 48.13±2.2 mg/100g dry weight (DW). The nopal's betalains showed a high antioxidant ability with a DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 =104.89 μg/mL), a reducing power (absorbance = 0.901 ± 0.065) and a maximum inhibition of β-carotene bleaching equivalent to 64.88%. These pigments exhibit a pertinent in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, betalains prevent protein (BSA) denaturation and stabilize erythrocyte membrane at levels of 95.51±2.16% and 66.79±1.09%, respectively. In this work, betalains missed of anticoagulant efficacy since the clotting times registered were similar or even less than those of control. The above results clearly suggest that opuntia nopals, with their content of betalains, can be considered as functional food that can provide health effects for the consumer.
The Cosmic Merger Rate Density Evolution of Compact Binaries Formed in Young Star Clusters and in Isolated Binaries
Authors: Santoliquido Filippo , Mapelli Michela , Bouffanais Yann , Giacobbo Nicola , Di Carlo Ugo N. , Rastello Sara , Artale M. Celeste , Ballone Alessandro
Published: August 2020

Next generation ground-based gravitational-wave detectors will observe binary black hole (BBH) mergers up to redshift

, probing the evolution of compact binary (CB) mergers across cosmic time. Here, we present a new data-driven model to estimate the cosmic merger rate density (MRD) evolution of CBs, by coupling catalogs of CB mergers with observational constraints on the cosmic star formation rate (SFR) density and on the metallicity evolution of the universe. We adopt catalogs of CB mergers derived from recent N-body and population-synthesis simulations, to describe the MRD of CBs formed in young star clusters (hereafter, dynamical CBs) and in the field (hereafter, isolated CBs). The local MRD of dynamical BBHs is

Gpc−3 yr−1, consistent with the 90% credible interval from the first and second observing runs (O1 and O2) of the LIGO–Virgo collaboration, and with the local MRD of isolated BBHs (

Gpc−3 yr−1). The local MRD of dynamical and isolated black hole–neutron star binaries is

and

Gpc−3 yr−1, respectively. Both values are consistent with the upper limit inferred from O1 and O2. Finally, the local MRD of dynamical binary neutron stars (BNSs,

Gpc−3 yr−1) is a factor of two lower than the local MRD of isolated BNSs (

Gpc−3 yr−1). The MRD for all CB classes grows with redshift, reaching its maximum at

, and then decreases. This trend springs from the interplay between cosmic SFR, metallicity evolution, and delay time of binary compact objects.
The R-Process Alliance: First Magellan/MIKE Release from the Southern Search for R-process-enhanced Stars*
Authors: Ezzeddine Rana , Rasmussen Kaitlin , Frebel Anna , Chiti Anirudh , Hinojisa Karina , Placco Vinicius M. , Ji Alexander P. , Beers Timothy C. , Hansen Terese T. , Roederer Ian U. , Sakari Charli M. , Melendez Jorge
Published: August 2020

Extensive progress has recently been made in our understanding of heavy-element production via the r-process in the universe, specifically with the first observed neutron star binary merger (NSBM) event associated with the gravitational-wave signal detected by LIGO, GW170817. The chemical abundance patterns of metal-poor r-process-enhanced stars provide key evidence for the dominant site(s) of the r-process and whether NSBMs are sufficiently frequent or prolific r-process sources to be responsible for the majority of r-process material in the universe. We present atmospheric stellar parameters (using a nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium analysis) and abundances from a detailed analysis of 141 metal-poor stars carried out as part of the R-Process Alliance (RPA) effort. We obtained high-resolution “snapshot” spectroscopy of the stars using the MIKE spectrograph on the 6.5 m Magellan Clay telescope at Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. We find 10 new highly enhanced r-II (with [Eu/Fe] > +1.0), 62 new moderately enhanced r-I (+0.3 < [Eu/Fe] ≤ +1.0), and 17 new limited-r ([Eu/Fe] < +0.3) stars. Among those, we find 17 new carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars, of which five are CEMP-no. We also identify one new s-process-enhanced ([Ba/Eu] > +0.5) and five new r/s (0.0 < [Ba/Eu] < +0.5) stars. In the process, we discover a new ultra-metal-poor (UMP) star at [Fe/H] = −4.02. One of the r-II stars shows a deficit in α and Fe-peak elements, typical of dwarf galaxy stars. Our search for r-process-enhanced stars by RPA efforts has already roughly doubled the known r-process sample.
Hydrodynamic Response of the Intergalactic Medium to Reionization
Authors: D’Aloisio Anson , McQuinn Matthew , Trac Hy , Cain Christopher , Mesinger Andrei
Published: August 2020

The intergalactic medium is expected to clump on scales down to

M
⊙ before the onset of reionization. The impact of these small-scale structures on reionization is poorly understood despite the modern understanding that gas clumpiness limits the growth of

regions. We use a suite of radiation-hydrodynamics simulations that capture the

Jeans mass of unheated gas to study density fluctuations during reionization. Our simulations track the complex ionization and hydrodynamical response of gas in the wake of ionization fronts. The clumping factor of ionized gas (proportional to the recombination rate) rises to a peak value of 5–20 approximately Δt = 10 Myr after ionization front passage, depending on the incident intensity, redshift, and degree to which the gas had been preheated by the first X-ray sources. The clumping factor reaches its relaxed value of ≈3 by Δt = 300 Myr. The mean free path of Lyman-limit photons evolves in unison, being up to several times shorter in unrelaxed, recently reionized regions compared to those that were reionized much earlier. Assessing the impact of this response on the global reionization process, we find that unrelaxed gaseous structures boost the total number of recombinations by ≈50% and lead to spatial fluctuations in the mean free path that persist appreciably for several hundred million years after the completion of reionization.
An Experimental Study of Chemical Desorption for Phosphine in Interstellar Ice
Authors: Nguyen Thanh , Oba Yasuhiro , Shimonishi Takashi , Kouchi Akira , Watanabe Naoki
Published: August 2020

Phosphine (PH3), an important molecule for the chemistry of phosphorus (P)-bearing species in the interstellar medium (ISM) is considered to form primarily on interstellar grains. However, no report exists on the processes of PH3 formation on grains. Here, we experimentally studied the reactions of hydrogen (H) atoms and PH3 molecules on compact amorphous solid water, with a particular focus on the chemical desorption of PH3 at 10–30 K. After exposure to H atoms for 120 minutes, up to 50% of solid PH3 was lost from the icy surface. On the basis of experiments using deuterium atoms, it was concluded that the loss of PH3 resulted from chemical desorption through the reactions PH3 + H → PH2 + H2 and/or PH2 + H → PH3. The effective desorption cross-section was ∼5 × 10−17 cm2, which is three times larger than that of hydrogen sulfide measured under similar experimental conditions. The present results suggest that the formation of PH3, and possibly PH2 and PH, followed by their desorption from icy grains, may contribute to the formation of PN and PO in the gas phase, and thus may play a role in the P chemistry of the ISM.
Clinical Approach and Diagnosis of Syncope
Authors: Choi Yun Young , Choi Jong-Il
Published: August 2020

Syncope, defined as a transient loss of consciousness, is commonly clinical encountered in patients of all ages at emergency and outpatient clinics. However, syncope shares various clinical features with other diseases (e.g., epilepsy), and the explicit cause may be difficult to identify because testing (e.g., electrocardiography) cannot be performed during a syncopal episode. Syncope due to a cardiac disorder may lead to a fatal outcome such as sudden cardiac death, whereas neurally mediated syncope has a much more favorable prognosis. Herein, we classify the causes of syncope and provide the clinical approach for each, focusing on recently updated guidelines.
Improved Outcomes Using a Fibular Strut in Proximal Humerus Fracture Fixation
Authors: Myers Devon M. , Triplet Jacob J. , Warmoth Patrick J. , Passias Braden J. , McGowan Sean P. , Taylor Benjamin C.
Published: August 2020

Proximal humerus fractures, although common, have high rates of failure after open reduction and internal fixation. The use of a fibular allograft has been explored as a means to decrease complications, particularly varus collapse and the need for revision surgery. The authors performed a retrospective review of 133 proximal humerus fractures managed surgically with locking plates (n=72) or locking plates with fibular allograft intramedullary struts (n=61). Demographic, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were collected and analyzed. The fibular allograft group was more likely to be older (P<.01), be female (P=.04), and have a history of osteoporosis (P=.01). No differences were noted in the proportions of 2-, 3-, or 4-part fractures between groups. Average follow-up was 28 weeks. Medial calcar length was longer in the locking plate only group (P=.04); however, this group demonstrated a decreased head shaft angle (P=.01) and a trend toward increased rates of varus collapse (P=.06). No significant differences were found regarding other radiographic complications, irrespective of fracture complexity. A notable decrease in fluoroscopy time was seen with strut use (P=.04), but operative time and blood loss were similar between groups. A significant decrease in revision surgery rate was found with use of an allograft strut (P=.05). Using a strut appears to preserve the radiographic head shaft angle and decrease the risk of fracture collapse in 2-, 3-, and 4-part fractures, without increasing surgical time or morbidity. Use of an intramedullary strut appears to reduce the need for revision surgery, particularly in 3- and 4-part fractures. [Orthopedics. 2020;43(5):262–268.]
Denosumab for Bone Giant Cell Tumor of the Distal Radius
Authors: Tsukamoto Shinji , Mavrogenis Andreas F. , Tanzi Piergiuseppe , Leone Giulio , Ciani Giovanni , Righi Alberto , Akahane Manabu , Honoki Kanya , Tanaka Yasuhito , Donati Davide Maria , Errani Costantino
Published: August 2020

There are conflicting reports regarding the outcome and effect of denosumab for distal radius giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB). The authors performed this study to evaluate the behavior of distal radius GCTB in relation to the type of treatment and the administration of denosumab. The files of 72 patients with distal radius GCTB treated from 1984 to 2018 were reviewed. Fourteen patients were administered denosumab. Surgical treatment consisted of curettage (25 patients) or resection (47 patients) and allograft or vascularized fibular head graft reconstruction. Median follow-up was 63.1 months (interquartile range [IQR], 35.5–107.1 months). The authors evaluated local recurrences, metastasis, function, and complications. The local recurrence rate was 30.6% at a median of 14.0 months (IQR, 10–19 months), with no difference between curettage and resection. The local recurrence rate was significantly higher in the patients who received denosumab. The metastasis rate was 9.7% at a median of 41.0 months (IQR, 15–114 months), with no difference regarding denosumab administration. Function was significantly better in patients after curettage. The complication rate was 25%; vascularized fibular graft reconstruction was associated with fewer complications. This study found that denosumab increases the risk of local recurrence after curettage, function is better after curettage, and vascularized fibular graft is the optimal reconstruction after resection of distal radius GCTB. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(5):284–291.]
Current Treatment Considerations for Osteosarcoma Metastatic at Presentation
Authors: Tsukamoto Shinji , Errani Costantino , Angelini Andrea , Mavrogenis Andreas F.
Published: August 2020

Approximately one-fourth of osteosarcoma patients have metastases at presentation. The best treatment options for these patients include chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy; however, the optimal scheme has not yet been defined. Standard chemotherapy for osteosarcoma metastatic at presentation is based on high-dose methotrexate, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (the MAP regimen), with the possible addition of ifosfamide. Surgical treatment continues to be fundamental; complete surgical resection of all sites of disease (primary and metastatic) remains essential for survival. In patients whose tumors do not respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, early surgical resection of the primary tumor with limb-salvage surgery or amputation and multiple metastasectomies, if feasible, after the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy is a reasonable option, as the reduction of the tumor volume could probably increase the effect of chemotherapy. Advanced radiotherapy techniques, such as carbon ion radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery, and molecular targeted chemo-therapy with drugs such as pazopanib or apatinib have improved the dismal prognosis, especially for patients who are medically inoperable or who refuse surgery. Given that the presence of metastatic disease at diagnosis of a patient with osteosarcoma is a poor prognostic factor, a multidisciplinary approach by surgeons, medical oncologists, and radiotherapists is important. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(5):e345–e358.]
In-depth Analysis of Adult Reconstruction Fellowship Websites
Authors: Ahmed Shaan A. , Elnemer William , Eltorai Adam E. M. , Mariorenzi Michael , Daniels Alan H. , Cohen Eric M.
Published: August 2020

This investigation assessed the availability and comprehensiveness of adult reconstruction fellowship websites. A list of adult reconstruction fellowship programs was compiled using 4 online directories: American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons, San Francisco Match, Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database Access, and American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. These directories and Google (Alphabet Inc, Menlo Park, California) searches were used to assess for the presence and functionality of websites for each program. Each website was reviewed for the presence of 21 variables related to education and recruitment. The relationship between several program characteristics and presence of a website or website comprehensiveness was evaluated. In total, 81 programs were identified, of which 80.2% (65 of 81) had a functional website and 19.8% (16 of 81) did not. The mean±SD number of variables present on a website was 11.3±3.8 of 21 total variables, equating to mean comprehensiveness of 54.0%. Fellowships affiliated with an orthopedic residency were more likely to have a website than those that were not (91.8% vs 62.5%,
P
=.001). Fellowships that were accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education were more likely to have a website than those that were not (100.0% vs 73.8%,
P
=.009). Website comprehensiveness was not associated with any program characteristics assessed. This study highlights deficits in online resources available for adult reconstruction fellowship program information and the gap that exists between the current means of information sharing. Efforts to encourage an online presence and optimize a program’s online content may be of benefit to prospective applicants and the program itself. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(5):e447–e453.]
Locally repairable codes with high availability based on generalised quadrangles
Authors: Lavrauw Michel , Van de Voorde Geertrui
Published: August 2020

Locally Repairable Codes (LRC's) based on generalised quadrangles were introduced by Pamies-Juarez, Hollmann and Oggier in [3], and bounds on the repairability and availability were derived. In this paper, we determine the values of the repairability and availability of such LRC's for a large portion of the currently known generalised quadrangles. In order to do so, we determine the minimum weight of the codes of translation generalised quadrangles and characterise the codewords of minimum weight.
A Study of Various Types of Natural Marble Towards Their Use in Cultural Applications
Authors: Kazakis Nikolaos Andreas , Dallas George I. , Tsirliganis Nestor C.
Published: August 2020

Marble has been used as decorative or building material since ancient times. Various archaeological marble materials of cultural heritage (e.g., statues) are frequently encountered in excavation sites amongst other finds. The scope of the present work is to investigate whether natural marble could be used for dosimetric purposes in cultural applications, such as dating or authenticity test of ancient marble objects, through an integrated experimental approach. For this purpose, the chemical composition, structure/morphology, and luminescence properties of 11 different types of natural marble of different origin (from various geographical regions) were examined by means of micro-x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, stereoscopic microscopy, thermoluminescence (TL), and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), respectively. Results indicate that though TL and OSL could be used for the identification of the marble type (origin), the use of natural marble for dosimetric purposes using these methods requires the a-priori knowledge of its type along with some of the main luminescence properties.
Improving Education Delivery in a Technical University in Ghana Through Mobile Learning Technology
Authors: Asabere Nana Yaw , Agyiri Joseph , Acakpovi Amevi , Nachanja Abraham , Awuku Priscilla
Published: August 2020

Although in Accra Technical University (ATU), Ghana there exists a traditional face-to-face (F2F) mode of education already in place, the implementation of mobile learning (m-learning) through ICT in education will solve problems such as small classroom size, inappropriate time schedule for lectures, and provision technological resources needed to run successful classroom education. In order to validate successful implementation of m-learning in ATU, this paper employed a questionnaire research instrument with reference to the technology acceptance model (TAM-2) as a theoretical framework. Closed-ended questionnaires were administered to a sample size of 160 students and 15 lecturers in the Faculty of Applied Sciences (FAS) in ATU. Based on the responses received, the authors established positive technological acceptance of respondents, which paved the way to propose and develop a suitable m-learning system for ATU. It is envisaged that successful implementation of the m-learning system proposed in this paper will practically increase the use of ICT in education by both lecturers and students in ATU.
A Predictive Maintenance Planning System Implemented on a Web Platform
Authors: Romeira Bárbara , Moura Ana , Oliveira Santos José Paulo
Published: August 2020

Predictive maintenance predicts failures and determines the equipment's remaining useful life, which provides maintenance time to plan their interventions, preventing breakdowns or reducing their impact. This paper presents a software application, implemented in a web platform, to support the implementation of a predictive maintenance plan. The developed system currently monitors certain parameters of a plastic injection molding machine. Furthermore, this system has real-time alerts that notify the maintenance team when the measured temperatures are outside the defined limits. Some extras were added, such as the report page, which calculates, automatically, performance indicators, the access management page, and a page that permits the realization of autonomous maintenance interventions, the verification of its fulfilment, and the visualization of the performed interventions' results. After the system's implementation, it was tested in real operating conditions. Following the test time, it was concluded that the desired parameters were measured correctly, which supported the work's continuation.
Analyzing and Optimizing the Usability of Website Access
Authors: Sathiyamoorthi V.  , Jayapandian N.  , Gnana Prakasi O. S.  , Kanmani P.  , Vaithiyanathan Revathi , Prasanth Rao A.
Published: August 2020

The world wide web (WWW) plays a significant role in information sharing and distribution. In web-based information access, the speed of information retrieval plays a critical role in shaping the web usability and determining the user satisfaction in accessing webpages. To deal with this problem, web caching is used. The problem with the present web caching system is that it is very hard to recognize webpages that are to be accessed and then to be cached. This is forced by the fact that there are broad categories of users and each one having their own preferences. Hence, it is decided to propose a novel approach for web access pattern generation by analyzing the web log file present in the proxy server. Further, it tries to propose a novel hybrid policy called popularity-aware modified least frequently used (PMLFU) that best suits for the current proxy-based web caching environment. It combines features such as frequency, recency, popularity, and user page count in decision-making policy. The performance of the proposed system is observed using real-time datasets, empirically using IRCACHE datasets.
Thermal Comfort of Workers in Hot-Humid Climate: An Early Consistency Study for Physiology and Psychology Measurements
Authors: Aziiz Akhlish Diinal , Koerniawan M. Donny , Kawakami Risa , Hasebe Hisashi , Rhamadana Vebryan
Published: August 2020

This research works’ objective is to observe the workers’ productivity by measuring the physiology and psychology based on the environment provided — the multivariate analysis presented to review the value of the significant data using JMP 11. Analysis of Variants and Bivariate Analysis then used to understand the cause-effect of the result gained. Result from of physiology that record the subject skin temperature and heart rate first analyze to break down the relationship between the environment to the body. Psychology test relating to the overall environment and their bodily feeling is questioned to the subject. The result then is analyzed using a scatter diagram and boxplot to observe its consistency. Four levels of air temperature and three levels of humidity were set in the room designed as a climate chamber for the respondent of who role as workers. The physiology result shows that the skin temperature and heart rate was the most significance that reacts to the air temperature, following up by the concentration level. Meanwhile, the physiology and psychology test consistently reveal that tropical natives highly react to hot temperature than colder temperature by agreeing to the label of uncomforted or dissatisfied and inform that the air temperature around 22°C. to 28°C. is suited for working productivity in the office in a hot-humid climate.
Effect of Fiber Laser Surface Modification on the Corrosion Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel
Authors: Tangkwampian Rachapong , Srisungsitthisunti Pornsak , Daopiset Siriporn , Kowitwarangkul Pruet
Published: August 2020

This paper investigates the effect of fiber laser surface modification of AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel on corrosion behavior. In the experiments, the fiber laser with center wavelength of 1062 nm was employed with various laser parameters of beam velocity and laser frequency. The laser-treated has performed on the specimen surface in order to form the melted layer with an argon gas shielding. The electrochemical tested results showed that the laser-treated increases 40% pitting potential. Moreover, the results also exhibited corrosion potential shift to more positive potential. On the basis of the findings on the corrosion improvement, it can be concluded that the pitting potential of the material can be improved by a corrosion protective layer from the new laser-treated surface.
Real-time Process Monitoring of Laser Welding by Infrared Camera and Image Processing
Authors: Kaewprachum Boonrit , Srisungsitthisunti Pornsak
Published: August 2020

Understanding and predicting relationships between laser welding process parameters, such as laser power and welding speed, and molten pool have been studied widely in order to critically control and improve laser welding. The laser welding processes are difficult to monitor in real time because of high temperature and rapid heating characteristics. In this study, infrared camera was set to collect data and provide real time monitoring system to determine the molten pool characteristics and weld quality. This study carried out a laser welding of SS400 low carbon steel and analyzed real-time image of the welding process to determine the average temperature of molten pool and calculate the size of molten pool. By varying the laser power and the welding speed, the infrared camera and imaging processing technique can monitor change of molten pool temperature in a range of 1000 C to 15000 C with about 1% temperature fluctuation. In addition, the size of molten pool can be calculated from the temperature profile of the welding zone. The calculated molten pool size was about 95% accurate compared to the measured size from microscope imaging.
The Effects of Various Ratios of Hybrid Filler to Rubber Vulcanisates Properties Based on Passenger Car Tyre Tread Compounds
Authors: Thongsaen Chatchatree , Sea-Oui Pongdhorn , Sirisinha Chakrit
Published: August 2020

Solution styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR) reinforced by hybrid fillers of carbon black (CB) and silica (PSi) was prepared with various CB/PSi ratios. Rheological and mechanical properties of rubber compounds and vulcanisates were investigated. Results of compounds demonstrate that, with increasing CB fraction, increases in the magnitude of the Payne effect and Mooney viscosity were found. On the contrary, with increased loading of PSi, increases in optimum cure time (tc90) and cure torque difference were evidenced. The results suggest superiority in filler dispersion level and cure efficiency in the systems filled with high PSi fraction due to the presence of Bis [3-(triethoxysilyl) propyl] tetrasulphide (TESPT or Si-69) as a silane coupling agent. As for vulcanisate properties, the systems with increased PSi fraction exhibit enhancement in mechanical strength and elastic contribution, which are in good agreement with rubber compound properties. Also, the decrease in loss factor at 60 °C was observed with increasing PSi fraction, suggesting the desirable reduction in rolling resistance of tyre tread.
Effect of Blank Holder Force and Edge Radius on Joining Strength in Flat-Clinching Process
Authors: Kumma Parinya , Soranansri Panuwat
Published: August 2020

A lightweight structure has been often mentioned in the automotive industry due to the increasing cost of energy as well as environmental legislation. Multi-material design is applied to reduce the weight of a car body. To join dissimilar sheet materials, it is quite difficult to achieve by welding processes. A flat-clinching process is one of the mechanical joining processes, which have join-ability of dissimilar sheet materials by plastic deformation. The purpose of this paper was to study the clinch-ability to join AA1100-to-AA1100 aluminum, AISI1010-to-AISI1010 steel, and AISI1010 steel-to-AA1100 aluminum sheets. Furthermore, the effect of both blank holder force (BHF) and edge radius (BHR) in the flat-clinching process on a joining strength was investigated. A shear strength test was conducted to examine the joining strength. The results show that the flat-clinching process can be successfully applied to join the similar sheet materials with the formation of interlocking. However, to achieve the joint of the dissimilar sheet materials, the AISI1010 steel sheet must be on the punch side. Also, both the BHF and the BHR significantly influent on the joining strength.