bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic growth as a key factor in the dynamics of level and quality of life of Ukrainian population
Authors: Frolov Alexander , Kosich Marina , Aleksandrova Elena , Mozgovaya Olga , Komarenko Olga
Published: October 2019

The objective of this article is conducting the analysis of economic growth, being a key factor in the dynamics of level and quality of life of the population, as well as to develop the related suggestions, in order to accelerate and stabilize such processes in Ukraine. This research presents the analysis of the real GDP’s changing rate in recent years, along with the assessment of another evidence of the economic growth i.e. the income of the population. The related crosscountry comparative analysis of the level of population’s well-being has been performed. The reasons for Ukraine’s significant lagging behind its neighboring regions and other European countries in terms of main economic indicators have been determined. We’ve defined the “poverty trap”, the authors believe that it is the current state of Ukrainian Economy. The related suggestions aimed to accelerate and stabilize the economic growth in Ukraine have been developed.
Contemporary economic development challenges of the industry in luhansk region
Authors: Klius Yuliia , Kushal Iryna , Pchelynska Hanna , Chernodubova Eleanora
Published: October 2019

The modern Ukrainian economy is characterized by significant transformational processes that are accompanied by a transition from heavy industry to the agro-industrial sector. In recent years, traditional key domestic industries with high added value in production have substantially lost their positions in the domestic and foreign markets. Especially acute the crisis phenomena are observed in the areas that are involved or are bordered by the area of the armed conflict. Before the beginning of hostilities in the East of Ukraine, Luhansk region was among the five most powerful industrial and economic regions of Ukraine. Now the region has turned from industrial to agrarian. Therefore, the matter of analysing the impact of post-conflict transformation processes in Ukraine on the region’s economic development and identifying the reasons that hinder transformation in the areas of post-conflict transformation is relevant. The article assesses the impact of military actions in the east of Ukraine on the economic performance of the industry in the region. The modern problems of Luhansk region industrial enterprises development are determined. According to the results of the macro-environment factors PEST analysis of the industrial enterprises in the region the main measures to overcome the crisis phenomena in the region’s economy are determined.
Approaches to formation of strategies for development of administrative territories
Authors: Klok Oleksii , Loseva Olha , Ponomarenko Oleksandr
Published: October 2019

The article studies theoretical and methodological bases of the strategic management of the development of administrative territories, considers the essence of strategic management and formulates the advantages of using it in management of administrative territory. Based on the analysis of the key provisions of the EU regional policy, the strategy of “smart specialization” is considered as the most common approach to territorial development. Using the experience of the countries of the European Union as a basis, a BPMN diagram, describing the conceptual bases for the formation of a competitive territory strategy, was built. Practical approaches to the formation of strategies for the development of administrative territories operating in Ukraine, regulatory acts, in particular, that had a direct impact on the formation of the existing model of strategic territorial management, were analyzed. The main requirements to the content of the strategic plan were considered and the list of key provisions and analytical methods (socio-economic analysis, comparative analysis, SWOT-analysis, PESTLE-analysis, sociological analysis) was formulated. Using the comparative legal analysis of the experience of the European Union as a basis, a number of features can be highlighted that must be taken into account in the process of forming the administrative territory development strategy.
Modification of the human development index in Ukraine in the regional aspect
Authors: Nazarova Galyna , Volikov Volodymyr , Demianenko Alina
Published: October 2019

The paper presents the results of research on the modification of the traditional index of human development to assess its level in Ukraine in the regional aspect. The difference between the proposed modified human development index from existing approaches is the inclusion of an additional component of human development: the development of information and communication technologies, the updating of the indicator system by the component “education” and “environmental welfare” in accordance with the domestic conditions of the development of society, as well as the method of determining weighting coefficients to calculate the integral index. In the process of research, the following methods have been used: the method of generalization, comparison, system analysis and hierarchy analysis method. The calculation of the modified index of human development was carried out on the example of statistical data of regions of Ukraine; the period of research was selected 2015-2017. The results of the measurement demonstrate the presence of the marked unevenness of Ukrainian regions by the level of human development.
Conceptual vision of the policy of implementing social and labor potential of the population with decentralization
Authors: Novikova Olga , Ostafiichuk Yaroslav , Khandii Olena , Deich Marina
Published: October 2019

The article defines the conceptual vision of the policy of implementing social and labor potential of the population with decentralization, formulates its basic principles as guidelines for practical actions. Essence and role of inter-municipal cooperation for intensification of social potential of communities are revealed, possible ways of its institutional support are suggested. It is found that decentralization processes require effective instruments for coordinating interests, and social mobilization plays an important role in this, which is to involve a maximum number of people in solving community problems and participating in decision making. It is concluded that social potential may turn into a decisive factor in the development of a territorial community in the implementation of the following principles: comparativeness and competitiveness; motivation; social connections and inclusion; mutual responsibility; network availability; openness and transparency; value orientation; individual social interaction; limited solidarity.
Complex synthesis of factors for modern development of welfare of territorial communities
Authors: Varuk Valentyna , Parkhomenko Olena
Published: October 2019

It is substantiated that providing citizens’ welfare, which occurs through a complex synthesis of factors, is one of those that is in the constant field of view of the socio-economic sphere. Analyzing, systematizing and summarizing the scientific works of many scientists, welfare factors are identified that are important for prospects’ understanding of territorial communities’ functioning, their role and place in the national economy, conditions that ensure competitiveness, and directions for improving efficiency of activities. At the same time, factors of welfare of territorial communities can be individual and subjective, with different significance for different people, may vary throughout a lifetime, and may also have a direct or indirect impact on each member. So, some people pay more attention to financial wealth, others – to their physical and/or mental health. The following factors of welfare of territorial communities are proposed and described: socio-economic, demographic, legal, political, cultural and psychological. It is concluded that to date, in the context of intensive transformations and reforms, communities’ welfare is a product of many and often interconnected factors, understanding the impact of which is important for determining competitiveness of the communities and directions to improve efficiency of activities.
Pathophysiologie der Migräne
Authors: Ziegeler Christian , May Arne
Published: October 2019

Lange Zeit wurde das pathophysiologische Verständnis der Migräne von der Vorstellung geprägt, dass die Gefäße des Kopfes den Schmerz bedingen und die Migräne also ein vaskulärer Kopfschmerz sei. Diese Theorie kann als überholt, zumindest jedoch lückenhaft angesehen werden. Mittlerweile deutet vieles darauf hin, dass es sich bei der Migräne um eine oszillierende Schwellen-/Filterstörung des zentralen Nervensystems handelt, wobei der im Vordergrund stehende Kopfschmerz nur einen Teil des vielfältigen Symptomkomplexes darstellt. Neuere Befunde der funktionellen Bildgebung zeigen zyklische Veränderungen von Aktivitätsmustern im Hypothalamus, Thalamus und Hirnstamm, welche besser erklären können, wie der Kopfschmerz und die migränetypischen Begleitsymptome entstehen. Die zukünftige Grundlagenforschung wird sich auf Kerngebiete im Diencephalon als mögliche Ursprungsorte der Attackengenerierung bei Migräne fokussieren. Große Hoffnung ruhen auf der Erforschung der Wirkweisen neuer Antikörpertherapien, welche helfen werden, molekulare Mechanismen der Schmerzentstehung der Migräne zu entschlüsseln.
Kopfschmerzklassifikation in der Medizingeschichte
Authors: Evers Stefan
Published: October 2019

Kopfschmerzklassifikationen existieren seit der Spätantike und haben zuerst in einfacher Weise Kopfschmerzen semiologisch beschrieben. Durch die humoralpathologische Medizin kam es im Mittelalter aber auch zu ätiologisch orientierten Klassifikationen, die jedoch immer von der vorherrschenden Lehrmeinung ausgingen und sich immer wieder als nicht haltbar erwiesen. Im 20. Jahrhundert wurde als erstes 1962 eine ätiologische Klassifikation vorgelegt, die aber durch moderne Forschungsergebnisse überholt wurde. Die aktuelle Kopfschmerzklassifikation ist zwar phänomenologisch orientiert, wird sich aber durch moderne Feldforschung hin zu einer ätiologisch orientierten entwickeln.
Tops und Flops der Kopfschmerztherapie
Authors: Diener Hans-Christoph , Limmroth Volker , Gaul Charly
Published: October 2019

Die Therapie akuter Migräneattacken und die Prophylaxe der Migräne wurde durch Fortschritte in den Erkenntnissen der Pathophysiologie der Migräne und die Entwicklung neuer Substanzklassen in den letzten 30 Jahren dramatisch verbessert. Dazu gehört die Einführung der Triptane. Antagonisten gegen Substanz-P waren allerdings nicht wirksam. In der Migräneprophylaxe waren neben den etablierten Medikamenten auch Topiramat und bei der chronischen Migräne Onabotulinumtoxin A wirksam. Neue Ansätze ergeben sich durch die neuen monoklonalen Antikörper gegen CGRP oder den CGRP-Rezeptor. Wichtige Fortschritte gab es in der Epidemiologie und Therapie des chronischen Kopfschmerzes durch Übergebrauch von Schmerz- oder Migränemittel. Patienten mit diesem Krankheitsbild sollten bevorzugt in Schwerpunktpraxen oder Kopfschmerzzentren behandelt werden.
Coronary Aneurysm: An Enigma Wrapped in a Mystery
Authors: Carino Davide , Agarwal Arvind , Singh Mrinal , Meadows Judith , Ziganshin Bulat A. , Elefteriades John A.
Published: October 2019

Coronary aneurysms are defined as localized dilatations of the coronary arteries. In this review, we will analyze the most important aspects of this rare condition while trying to provide answers to the following questions: What is a coronary aneurysm? What causes coronary aneurysm? Do coronary aneurysms cause symptoms? Can coronary aneurysms rupture? How do we treat coronary aneurysms?
Native Aortic Arch Interruption in Adulthood: Surgical Management
Authors: Federici Duccio , Bichi Samuele , Montesi Gianfranco , Matiashvili David , Agostinis Cristina , Morzenti Cesare , Sironi Sandro , Galletti Lorenzo
Published: October 2019

Aortic coarctations in adults are mainly represented by recurrent critical narrowing at the site of previous surgical correction, or less frequently by native forms of complex obstructive malformations of the distal arch and isthmus. We present our experience with an unusual form of native adult aortic coarctation presenting as a complete interruption of the aortic arch.
Cs2CO3-Promoted C(sp2)–N Formation of Dimethyl Thiocarbamate-Protected Indoles Using Tetramethylthiuram Monosulfide (TMTM)
Authors: Peng Han-Ying , Wu Yu-Xi , Dong Zhi-Bing
Published: October 2019

An efficient and simple synthesis of 1-thiocarbamoylindoles is reported in which 1H-indoles react with tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) to give a series of 1-thiocarbamoylindoles that were obtained­ in good to excellent yields. The procedure was promoted by Cs2CO3 under transition-metal-free conditions and gives a simple entry to protected indoles.
The Clinical Impact of Imaging Surveillance and Clinic Visit Frequency after Acute Aortic Dissection
Authors: Chaddha Ashish , Eagle Kim A. , Patel Himanshu J. , Deeb G. Michael , Yang Bo , Harris Kevin M. , Braverman Alan C. , Hutchison Stuart , Evangelista Arturo , Fattori Rossella , Froehlich James B. , Nienaber Christoph A. , Isselbacher Eric M. , Montgomery Dan G. , Kline-Rogers Eva , Woznicki Elise , LaBounty Troy M.
Published: October 2019

Background Guidelines recommend frequent follow-up after acute aortic dissection (AAD), but optimal rates of follow-up are not clear.

Methods We examined rates of imaging and clinic visits in 267 individuals surviving AAD during recommended intervals (≤1, > 1–3, > 3–6, > 6–12 months, then annually), frequency of adverse imaging findings, and the relationship between follow-up and mortality.

Results Type A and B AAD were noted in 46 and 54% of patients, respectively. Mean follow-up was 54.7 ± 13.3 months, with 52 deaths. Adverse imaging findings peaked at 6 to 12 months (5.6%), but rarely resulted in an intervention (3.4% peak at 6–12 months). Compared with those with less frequent imaging, patients with imaging for 33 to 66% of intervals (p = 0.22) or ≥66% of intervals (p = 0.77) had similar adjusted survival. In comparison to patients with fewer clinic visits, those with visits in 33 to 66% of intervals experienced lower adjusted mortality (hazards ratio: 0.47, 95% confidence interval: 0.23–0.97, p = 0.04), with no difference seen in those with ≥66% (vs. < 33%) interval visits (p = 0.47). Imaging at 6 to 12 months (vs. none) was associated with decreased adjusted mortality (hazards ratio: 0.50, 95% confidence interval: 0.27–0.91, p = 0.02), while imaging during other intervals, or clinic visits during any specific intervals, was not associated with a difference in mortality (p > 0.05 for each).

Conclusions Adverse imaging findings following AAD are common, but rarely require prompt intervention. Patients with the lowest and highest rates of clinic visits experienced increased mortality. While the overall rate of surveillance imaging did not correlate with mortality, adverse imaging findings and related interventions peaked at 6 to 12 months after AAD, and imaging during this time was associated with improved survival.
Clot Structure and Implications for Bleeding and Thrombosis
Authors: Mihalko Emily , Brown Ashley C.
Published: October 2019

The formation of a fibrin clot matrix plays a critical role in promoting hemostasis and wound healing. Fibrin dynamics can become disadvantageous in the formation of aberrant thrombus development. Structural characteristics of clots, such as fiber diameter, clot density, stiffness, or permeability, can determine overall clot integrity and functional characteristics that have implications on coagulation and fibrinolysis. This review examines known factors that contribute to changes in clot structure and the presence of structural clot changes in various disease states. These insights provide valuable information in forming therapeutic strategies for disease states where alterations in clot structure are observed. Additionally, the implications of structural changes in clot networks on bleeding and thrombus development in terms of disease states and clinical outcomes are also examined in this review.
Impact of Insurance Scheme on Adults’ Dental Check-Ups in a Developing Oral Health Care System
Authors: Bayat Fariborz , Vehkalahti Miira M , Zafarmand A. Hamid , Tala Heikki
Published: October 2019

Objectives: To find out the relationship between dental insurance and demand for dental care, the present study evaluated impact of insurance scheme on adults’ dental check-ups in a developing oral health care system.

Methods: The target population included adults in the city of Tehran where the only telecommunication company provides 90% of the 1.9 million households with a fixed telephone. Of the 1531 subjects who answered the phone call, 224 were outside the target age (under 18), 67 said that they never had visited a dentist, and 221 refused to respond, leaving 1019 subjects in the final sample. Each interview lasted 15 minutes and was carried out using a structured questionnaire with fixed and open-ended questions.

Results: 71% of the subjects reported having dental insurance and 16% having visited a dentist for a check-up; 55%, more women than men, reported having had a dental visit within the past 12 months.

Conclusions: The present results revealed the positive relationship between insurance and demand for dental care. Those having dental insurance were more likely to go to check-ups despite their generally low rate found in this country with a developing oral health care system. In such countries, health insurance schemes should therefore include obligatory regular dental check-ups to emphasize prevention-oriented dental care. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:3-10)
Treatment of Anterior Dental Crossbite Using Bonded Resin-Composite Slopes: Case Reports
Authors: Bayrak Sule , Tunc Emine Sen
Published: October 2019

Anterior crossbite is the term used to describe an abnormal labiolingual relationship between one or more maxillary and mandibular incisor teeth. Different techniques have been used to correct anterior crossbite. This paper describes the use of bonded resin-composite slopes for the management of anterior crossbite in children in early mixed dentition.

In each of the cases presented here, dental crossbite was corrected by applying a 3-4 mm bonded resin-composite slope to the incisal edge of the mandibular incisor with an angle 45° to the longitudinal axis of the tooth. Correction was achieved within 1-2 weeks with no damage to either the tooth or the marginal periodontal tissue. The procedure is a simple and effective method for treating
anterior dental crossbite. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:303-307)
Pre-Eruptive Coronal Resorption and Congenitally Missing Teeth in a Patient with Amelogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Report
Authors: Miloglu Ozkan , Karaalioglu Osman Fatih , Caglayan Fatma , Yesil Zeynep Duymus
Published: October 2019

This clinical report describes a male with autosomal recessive generalized hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta. This case is unusual in coronal resorptions prior to tooth eruption. This finding has been reported in some cases of autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant and X linked amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). In reported cases, the defects were usually small and occurred in a maximum of 2 teeth per person. In our case, pre-eruptive coronal resorptions affected three second molar teeth from both jaws. On the other hand; congenitally missing teeth and malocclusion were present in this case. Recall evaluations at 3 month intervals occurred for a period of 2 years and then prosthodontic management began. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:140-144)
An Unusual Association of Odontomas with Primary Teeth
Authors: Yıldırım-Öz Gülsün , Tosun Gül , Kızıloğlu Dilek , Durmuş Ercan , Şener Yağmur
Published: October 2019

Odontomas generally appear as small, solitary or multiple radio-opaque lesions found on routine radiographic examinations. Traditionally, odontomas have been classified as benign odontogenic tumors and are subdivided into complex or compound odontomas morphologically. Compound odontomas commonly occur in the incisor-canine region of the maxilla and complex odontomas are frequently located in the premolar and molar region of both jaws. Occasionally, odontoma may cause disturbances in the eruption of teeth such as impaction, delay eruption or retention of primary teeth. In general, odontomas occur more often in the permanent dentition and are very rarely associated with the primary teeth. In this report; two cases of compound odontoma associated with primary teeth is presented. (Eur J Dent 2007;1:45-49)
A Different Pontic Design for Fiber-Reinforced Composite Bridgeworks: A Clinical Report
Authors: Kumbuloğlua Ovul , Özdemira Niler , Aksoy Gökhan , User Atilla
Published: October 2019

This clinical report describes a relatively simple but esthetic, non-invasive and functional prosthodontic treatment option for a patient with missing tooth..

Methods: Methods: A patient with a missing maxillary left canine was non-invasively treated with a fiber reinforced composite (FRC) bridgework with an all ceramic (Empress II, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) pontic design, using laboratory technique.

Results: The restoration has served the patient for 2 year, seemingly without discomfort, and it has not required any maintenance. The patient has kept up with his oral hygiene. Conclusions: Although additional clinical experience is necessary, fiber-reinforced composite materials can be used in combination with a lithium disilicate ceramic material in fixed partial dentures. (Eur J Dent 2007,1:50-53)
Bonded Orthodontic Retainer and Fixed Partial Denture Made with Fiber Reinforced Composite Resin
Authors: Kumbuloglu Ovul , Saracoglu Ahmet , Cura Cenk , User Atilla
Published: October 2019

Retention is the phase of orthodontic treatment which maintains teeth in their orthodontically corrected positions, following the cessation of active orthodontic tooth movement. Development of resin-impregnated, fiber-reinforced composite materials has provided the potential to develop new approaches for stabilizing teeth and replacing teeth conservatively. This case report describes the rehabilitation of a patient with orthodontic and prosthetic problems. The long-term behavior of glass fibers splint must be evaluated in clinical studies. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:237-240)
Oral Manifestations in HIV/AIDSInfected Children
Authors: Rwenyonyi Charles Mugisha , Kutesa Annet , Muwazi Louis , Okullo Isaac , Kasangaki Arabat , Kekitinwa Addy
Published: October 2019

Objectives: To assess factors influencing the distribution of oral manifestations in HIV/AIDS-infected children attending the Paediatric Infectious Disease Clinic in Mulago Hospital, Kampala. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study comprising 237 children (males/females: 113/124) aged 1 to 12 years. The parents/guardians were interviewed to obtain demographic information, oral hygiene practices, dietary habits and health seeking behaviours as well as any medications taken. The children were clinically examined for oral lesions based on World Health Organization criteria with modifications. Results: About 71.7% of the children cleaned their teeth. About 16.9% of the children had visited a dentist since birth, mainly for emergency care. One or more oral lesions were recorded in 73% of the children of whom 19.0% experienced discomfort during oral functions. Cervical lymphadenopathy, oral candidiasis and gingivitis were the most common soft tissue oral lesions: 60.8%, 28.3% and 19.0%, respectively. Except for dental caries, the overall frequency distribution of soft tissue oral lesions was significantly lower in children on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) as compared to their counterparts not on HAART. The prevalence of dental caries in deciduous and permanent dentitions was 42.2% and 11.0%, respectively. Tooth brushing and previous visits to the dentist were indirectly and significantly associated with dental caries. About 5.9% (n=14) of the children had <200 CD3 + CD4 T-lymphocyte cells per μl of blood. Conclusions: The majority of the children had one or more oral lesions, particularly in the group not on HAART. Some of the lesions were associated with discomfort during oral functions. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:291-298)
Effect of Provisional Cements on Shear Bond Strength of Porcelain Laminate Veneers
Authors: Altintas Subutay Han , Tak Onjen , Secilmis Asli , Usumez Aslihan
Published: October 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of three provisional cements and two cleaning techniques on the final bond strength of porcelain laminate veneers. Methods: The occlusal third of the crowns of forty molar teeth were sectioned and embedded in autopolymerizing acrylic resin. Dentin surfaces were polished and specimens were randomly divided into four groups (n=10). Provisional restorations were fabricated and two provisional restorations were cemented onto each tooth. Restorations were fixed with one of three different provisional cements: eugenol-free provisional cement (Cavex), calcium hydroxide (Dycal), and light-cured provisional cement (Tempond Clear). Provisional restorations were removed with either a dental explorer and air-water spray, or a cleaning bur (Opticlean). In the control group, provisional restorations were not used on the surfaces of specimens. IPS Empress 2 ceramic discs were luted with a dual-cured resin cement (Panavia F). Shear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine. Data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD and Dunnett tests. Surfaces were examined by scanning electronic microscopy. Results: Significant differences were found between the control group and both the light-cured provisional cement groups and the eugenol-free provisional cement-cleaning bur group (P<.05). Groups that had received light-cured provisional cement showed the lowest bond strength values. Conclusions: Selection of the provisional cement is an important factor in the ultimate bond strength of the final restoration. Calcium hydroxide provisional cement and cleaning with a dental explorer are advisable. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:373-379)
Upper continuity bound on the quantum quasi-relative entropy
Authors: Vershynina Anna
Published: October 2019

We provide an upper bound on the quasi-relative entropy in terms of the trace distance. The bound is derived for any operator monotone decreasing function and either mixed qubit or classical states. Moreover, we derive an upper bound for the Umegaki and Tsallis relative entropies in the case of any finite-dimensional states. The bound for the relative entropy improves the known bounds for some states in any dimensions larger than four. The bound for the Tsallis entropy improves the known bounds.
Oxidation of metal thin films by atomic oxygen: A low energy ion scattering study
Authors: Stilhano Vilas Boas C. R. , Sturm J. M. , Bijkerk F.
Published: October 2019

In this study, we combine low-energy ion scattering (LEIS) static and sputter depth profiles for characterization of the oxidation kinetics on Zr, Mo, Ru, and Ta films of various thicknesses, followed by exposure to atomic oxygen at room temperature (∼20 °C). A method for nondestructive determination of the oxide growth rate via LEIS static depth profiling (static DP) is presented in detail. This method shows high sensitivity to the oxide thickness formed, and the results are in agreement with those obtained by X-ray reflectometry and sputter depth profiling (sputter DP). Sequential exposures of oxygen isotopes in combination with LEIS sputter DP are applied to elucidate the growth mechanism of the oxide films. The results indicate that the oxidation kinetics at the applied experimental conditions is directly influenced by the metal work function, characterizing a Cabrera-Mott growth type. The maximum thickness of the formed oxide and oxide growth rate are in the order Zr ≈ Ta > Mo > Ru. The combining of analysis by LEIS static DP and isotope tracing sputter DP is decisive in the characterization of oxidation kinetics in the room temperature regime.
Nanoscale aluminum plasmonic waveguide with monolithically integrated germanium detector
Authors: Sistani M. , Bartmann M. G. , Güsken N. A. , Oulton R. F. , Keshmiri H. , Seifner M. S. , Barth S. , Fukata N. , Luong M. A. , den Hertog M. I. , Lugstein A.
Published: October 2019

Surface plasmon polaritons have rapidly established themselves as a promising concept for molecular sensing, near-field nanoimaging, and transmission lines for emerging integrated ultracompact photonic circuits. In this letter, we demonstrate a highly compact surface plasmon polariton detector based on an axial metal-semiconductor-metal nanowire heterostructure device. Here, an in-coupled surface plasmon polariton propagates along an aluminum nanowire waveguide joined to a high index germanium segment, which effectively acts as a photoconductor at low bias. Based on this system, we experimentally verify surface plasmon propagation along monocrystalline Al nanowires as thin as 40 nm in diameters. Furthermore, the monolithic integration of plasmon generation, guiding, and detection enables us to examine the bending losses of kinked waveguides. These systematic investigations of ultrathin monocrystalline Al nanowires represent a general platform for the evaluation of nanoscale metal based waveguides for transmission lines of next generation high-speed ultracompact on-chip photonic circuits.
Back-mapping based sampling: Coarse grained free energy landscapes as a guideline for atomistic exploration
Authors: Hunkler Simon , Lemke Tobias , Peter Christine , Kukharenko Oleksandra
Published: October 2019

One ongoing topic of research in MD simulations is how to enable sampling to chemically and biologically relevant time scales. We address this question by introducing a back-mapping based sampling (BMBS) that combines multiple aspects of different sampling techniques. BMBS uses coarse grained (CG) free energy surfaces (FESs) and dimensionality reduction to initiate new atomistic simulations. These new simulations are started from atomistic conformations that were back-mapped from CG points all over the FES in order to sample the entire accessible phase space as fast as possible. In the context of BMBS, we address relevant back-mapping related questions like where to start the back-mapping from and how to judge the atomistic ensemble that results from the BMBS. The latter is done with the use of the earth mover’s distance, which allows us to quantitatively compare distributions of CG and atomistic ensembles. By using this metric, we can also show that the BMBS is able to correct inaccuracies of the CG model. In this paper, BMBS is applied to a just recently introduced neural network (NN) based approach for a radical coarse graining to predict free energy surfaces for oligopeptides. The BMBS scheme back-maps these FESs to the atomistic scale, justifying and complementing the proposed NN based CG approach. The efficiency benefit of the algorithm scales with the length of the oligomer. Already for the heptamers, the algorithm is about one order of magnitude faster in sampling compared to a standard MD simulation.
Enhanced and guided self-propelled jumping on the superhydrophobic surfaces with macrotexture
Authors: Yuan Zhiping , Hu Zhifeng , Chu Fuqiang , Wu Xiaomin
Published: October 2019

The conventional coalescence-induced jumping of droplets has been extensively studied, but the energy conversion efficiency of conventional droplet jumping is low and the jumping direction is uncontrollable, which greatly limits the application of droplet jumping. In this work, we report an enhanced and guided self-propelled jumping on a superhydrophobic surface with macrotexture and analyze the mechanism of enhancement and guidance. The interaction between the liquid bridge and macrotexture changes the direction of the jumping droplet and enhances the energy conversion efficiency. The direction of droplet jumping can be controlled at about 45°, and the energy conversion efficiency can be increased by about 2.7 times.
Full-dimensional (12D) variational vibrational states of CH4·F−: Interplay of anharmonicity and tunneling
Authors: Avila Gustavo , Matyus Edit
Published: October 2019

The complex of a methane molecule and a fluoride anion represents a 12-dimensional (12D), four-well vibrational problem with multiple large-amplitude motions, which has challenged the quantum dynamics community for years. The present work reports vibrational band origins and tunneling splittings obtained in a full-dimensional variational vibrational computation using the GENIUSH program and the Smolyak quadrature scheme. The converged 12D vibrational band origins and tunneling splittings confirm complementary aspects of the earlier full- and reduced-dimensionality studies: (1) the tunneling splittings are smaller than 0.02 cm−1; (2) a single-well treatment is not sufficient (except perhaps the zero-point vibration) due to a significant anharmonicity over the wells; and thus, (3) a full-dimensional treatment appears to be necessary. The present computations extend to a higher energy range than earlier work, show that the tunneling splittings increase upon vibrational excitation of the complex, and indicate non-negligible “heavy-atom” tunneling.
An improved method for fast evaluating arc quenching performance of a gas based on 1D arc decaying model
Authors: Zhong Linlin , Gu Qi , Zheng Shangzhi
Published: October 2019

The evaluation of an arc quenching medium in circuit breakers usually requires the experimental investigation or the 2D or 3D magnetohydrodynamics simulation of switching arcs, which are expensive and time-consuming. In this work, a fast method is proposed for evaluating the arc quenching performance of gases. In this method, the arc decaying process is divided into three stages based on the results of 1D arc decaying modeling, including the thermal recovery stage, the predielectric recovery stage, and the postdielectric recovery stage. Compared to the previous method, the present method is improved mainly in the three aspects: the thermal recovery stage is featured by the average radial temperature instead of the axial temperature; the criterion of dividing the dielectric recovery stage into the pre- and postdielectric recovery stages is validated by the average electron number density instead of choosing arbitrarily; and the postdielectric recovery stage is characterized by the critical electric field strength Ecr instead of the reduced critical electric field strength (E/N)cr. The case study of SF6, CO2, CF4, and air arcs indicates that the present method yields the same descending order of the thermal recovery rate and the predielectric recovery rate for the four gases as the previous method. Moreover, the present method can avoid negative postdielectric recovery rates, which means that it is more reasonable than the previous method.
The distribution of singular points of the sum of a series of exponential monomials on the boundary of its domain of convergence
Authors: Krivosheev A. S. , Krivosheeva O. A.
Published: October 2019

The problem of the distribution of the singular points of the sum of a series of exponential monomials on the boundary of the domain of convergence of the series is considered. Sufficient conditions are found for a singular point to exist on a prescribed arc on the boundary; these are stated in purely geometric terms. The singular point exists due to simple relations between the maximum density of the exponents of the series in an angle and the length of the arc on the boundary of the domain of convergence that corresponds to this angle. Necessary conditions for a singular point to exist on a prescribed arc on the boundary are also obtained. They are stated in terms of the minimum density of the exponents in an angle and the length of the arc. On this basis, for sequences with density, criteria are established for the existence of a singular point on a prescribed arc on the boundary of the domain of convergence.

Bibliography: 27 titles.
Some arithmetic properties of the values of entire functions of finite order and their first derivatives
Authors: Yanchenko A. Ya.
Published: October 2019

We describe a class of entire functions of finite order which, together with their first derivative, take sufficiently many algebraic values (with certain restrictions on the growth of the degree and height of these values). We show that, under certain conditions, any such function is a rational function of special form of an exponential. For entire functions of finite order which are not representable in the form of a finite linear combination of exponentials, we obtain an estimate for the number of points (in any fixed disc) at which the values of the function itself and its first derivative are algebraic numbers of bounded degree and height.

Bibliography: 8 titles.
Analytic complexity of differential algebraic functions
Authors: Stepanova M. A.
Published: October 2019

Examples of differential algebraic functions with infinite analytic complexity are constructed. The fact of their existence implies that the class of differential algebraic functions is wider than the class of functions with finite complexity.

Bibliography: 6 titles.
The action of the Monge-Ampère operator on polynomials in the plane and its fixed points of polynomial type
Authors: Aminov Yu. A.
Published: October 2019

The action of the Monge-Ampère operator on polynomials of degree four in two variables is investigated. Two necessary conditions for the Monge-Ampère equation to have a solution are established. Sufficient conditions for solvability are indicated, which coincide with necessary conditions in certain cases. Invariant submanifolds of the action of the Monge-Ampère operator are found. Closed invariant chains of polynomials are constructed, and all the fixed points having the form of general polynomials of degree four are found.

Bibliography: 9 titles.
Universality of

-Dirichlet functions and nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta-function
Authors: Laurinčikas A. , Petuškinaitė J.
Published: October 2019

We prove a joint discrete universality theorem for Dirichlet

-functions concerning joint approximation of a tuple of analytic functions by shifts

, where

is the sequence of imaginary parts of the nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta-function,

is a fixed positive number, and

are pairwise nonequivalent Dirichlet characters. We use a weak form of Montgomery’s conjecture on the correlation of pairs of zeros of the Riemann zeta-function in the analysis. Moreover, we show the universality of certain compositions of Dirichlet

-functions with operators in the space of analytic functions.

Bibliography: 31 titles.
The boundary values of solutions of an elliptic equation
Authors: Gushchin A. K.
Published: October 2019

The paper is devoted to the study of the boundary behaviour of solutions of a second-order elliptic equation. Criteria are established for the existence of a boundary value of a solution of the homogeneous equation under the same conditions on the coefficients of the equation as were used to establish that the Dirichlet problem with a boundary function in

,

, has a unique solution. In particular, an analogue of Riesz’s well-known theorem (on the boundary values of an analytic function) is proved: if a family of norms in the space

of the traces of a solution on surfaces ‘parallel’ to the boundary is bounded, then this family of traces converges in

. This means that the solution of the equation under consideration is a solution of the Dirichlet problem with a certain boundary value in

. Estimates of the nontangential maximal function and of an analogue of the Luzin area integral hold for such a solution, which make it possible to claim that the boundary value is taken in a substantially stronger sense. Bibliography: 57 titles.
First integrals and asymptotic trajectories
Authors: Kozlov V. V.
Published: October 2019

We discuss the relationship between the singular points of an autonomous system of differential equations and the critical points of its first integrals. Applying the well-known Splitting Lemma, we introduce local coordinates in which the first integral takes a “canonical” form. These coordinates make it possible to introduce a quasihomogeneous structure in some neighbourhood of any singular point and so to prove general theorems on the existence of asymptotic trajectories which go into or out of that singular point. We consider quasihomogeneous truncations of the original system of differential equations and show that if the singular point is isolated, the quasihomogeneous system is Hamiltonian. For a general mechanical system with two degrees of freedom, we prove a theorem on the instability of an equilibrium when it is neither a local minimum nor a local maximum of the potential energy.

Bibliography: 21 titles.
The changing nature of dairy production in Victoria, Australia: are we ready to handle the planning and development of large, intensive dairy operations?
Authors: Williams Y. J. , McDonald S. , Chaplin S. J.
Published: October 2019

Around the world, dairy production continues to intensify, with farmers increasing stocking rates, feeding more supplements, and transitioning into fully housed systems. Dairy production in Victoria is no exception and farmers are starting a move towards intensive (i.e. permanently housed) dairy operations. Challenges associated with these transformations have included difficulties, or failure, to obtain planning approval and public concern around the effect of intensive developments on environmental degradation, animal welfare and industry image. We examined current land-use planning provisions, environmental requirements, animal-welfare regulations, industry guidelines and codes of practice for their applicability and suitability to the implementation of intensive dairy-production operations, particularly large-scale ones, in Victoria, Australia. Our aim was to clearly identify factors that have the potential to hinder the growth and expansion of existing dairy-production systems into intensive operations, and the establishment of new intensive dairy enterprises. The majority of legislation examined posed no obstacles to the development of large-scale intensive dairy operations. New definitions for intensive livestock production and the inclusion of an intensive dairy-farm category in the State planning provisions will reduce current confusion across and within planning departments. A standard methodology to determine separation distances is required and a code for intensive dairy farming would greatly assist with the planning-approval process. Many advisory publications fall short when applied to intensive dairy operations as they are currently written for pasture-based farms with limited infrastructure for regularly feeding or housing large herds of >700 cows.
The PedBE clock accurately estimates DNA methylation age in pediatric buccal cells
Authors: McEwen Lisa M. , O’Donnell Kieran J. , McGill Megan G. , Edgar Rachel D. , Jones Meaghan J. , MacIsaac Julia L. , Lin David Tse Shen , Ramadori Katia , Morin Alexander , Gladish Nicole , Garg Elika , Unternaehrer Eva , Pokhvisneva Irina , Karnani Neerja , Kee Michelle Z. L. , Klengel Torsten , Adler Nancy E. , Barr Ronald G. , Letourneau Nicole , Giesbrecht Gerald F. , Reynolds James N. , Czamara Darina , Armstrong Jeffrey M. , Essex Marilyn J. , de Weerth Carolina , Beijers Roseriet , Tollenaar Marieke S. , Bradley Bekh , Jovanovic Tanja , Ressler Kerry J. , Steiner Meir , Entringer Sonja , Wadhwa Pathik D. , Buss Claudia , Bush Nicole R. , Binder Elisabeth B. , Boyce W. Thomas , Meaney Michael J. , Horvath Steve , Kobor Michael S.
Published: October 2019

Significance

DNA methylation is the most studied modification in human population epigenetics. Its information content can be explored in 2 principal ways—epigenome-wide association studies and epigenetic age. The latter likely reflects cellular/biological age and works with impressive accuracy across most tissues. In adults, it associates with various environments and health. However, current epigenetic clocks are not very accurate in the pediatric age range perhaps because DNA methylation changes much faster in children. Addressing this crucial gap, we created a precise tool to estimate DNA methylation age specific to pediatric buccal epithelial cells. This tool has the potential to become the standard reference for epigenetic studies broadly relevant to child development across the spectrum from health to disease.
Optimized filopodia formation requires myosin tail domain cooperation
Authors: Arthur Ashley L. , Songster Livia D. , Sirkia Helena , Bhattacharya Akash , Kikuti Carlos , Borrega Fernanda Pires , Houdusse Anne , Titus Margaret A.
Published: October 2019

Significance

Cells interact with their environment using filopodia, thin membrane protrusions supported by actin filaments. Filopodia formation in evolutionarily divergent organisms requires force generation by a MyTH4-FERM (MF) myosin that binds membrane proteins and is designed to promote cytoskeletal reorganization and filopodial transport. The amoeboid filopodial MF myosin is found to be a resilient motor in filopodia formation. Its activity and regulation appear to have emerged by multidomain coevolution for optimized control of filopodia formation and stability. Its properties reflect those of the ancestral MF myosin that gave rise to the metazoan MF myosins. These findings have implications for understanding the fundamental principles of how filopodia form and how MF myosins function in phylogenetically distant organisms.
Heterogeneity of Myc expression in breast cancer exposes pharmacological vulnerabilities revealed through executable mechanistic modeling
Authors: Kreuzaler Peter , Clarke Matthew A. , Brown Elizabeth J. , Wilson Catherine H. , Kortlever Roderik M. , Piterman Nir , Littlewood Trevor , Evan Gerard I. , Fisher Jasmin
Published: October 2019

Significance

Breast cancer remains a leading cause for cancer-related mortality worldwide. All breast cancers, including the more difficult-to-treat, higher-grade, and triple-negative subtypes of breast cancer, exhibit strong genetic heterogeneity, which hampers treatment and fuels relapse. Our study advances the development of successful treatment approaches by unravelling the mechanistic basis of one form of heterogeneity arising from mutualism between high- and low-Myc–expressing clones in breast cancer. We use this mechanistic understanding to build an executable
in silico
model of oncogenic Myc/Ras/p53/Wnt signal cross talk for each Myc-expressing clone, separately and together, and then use this model to identify potential therapeutic vulnerabilities, which we then verify experimentally.