bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pinned-Down Temporary Concrete Barrier with Transition Systems for Limited-Space Work Zone Applications
Authors: Sheikh Nauman M. , Bligh Roger P. , Fossier Paul
Published: November 2014

In work zones in which space to place a temporary concrete barrier (TCB) is limited (e.g., zones to expand or repair a bridge), the barrier must be restrained to prevent large, lateral deflection from vehicular impact. This paper presents the development and testing of a restrained, F-shaped TCB that has limited deflections. In addition, two transitions were developed: (a) from the freestanding, F-shaped barrier to the restrained barrier and (b) from the restrained barrier to a rigid concrete barrier. Details of the development and crash testing of these transitions are presented. The restrained TCB and its transitions were developed with the use of a simple pinned-down anchoring method. Steel pins were simply dropped into inclined holes that started from the toe of the barrier and continued a short distance into the underlying bridge deck or concrete pavement, and thus locked the barrier in place. The drop-pin method makes it easy to install the barrier, inspect for proper installation, and remove or relocate the temporary barrier in a work zone. The pinning method also results in minimal damage to the underlying bridge deck or concrete pavement. Thus the method is more desirable to use, as opposed to some anchoring systems that require through-deck bolting, which results in greater concrete damage and is difficult to install and relocate.
Physiological Behaviour and Yield Performances of Hybrid Rice at Different Planting Dates in Aus Season
Authors: Haque MM , Pramanik HR , Biswas JK
Published: November 2014

Two field experiments were conducted in 2009 and 2010 to evaluate some physiological traits and yield of three hybrid rice varieties (BRRI hybrid dhan2, Heera2, and Tia) in comparison to BRRI dhan48 in Aus season. The experiments involved four planting dates (1 April, 16 April, 1 May and 16 May). Compared to BRRI dhan48, hybrid varieties accumulated greater shoot dry matter at anthesis, higher flag leaf chlorophyll at 2, 9, 16 and 23 days after flowering (DAF), flag leaf photosynthetic rate at 2 DAF and longer panicles. However, hybrid varieties demonstrated smaller remobilization of shoot reserve to grain and photosynthetic rate of its flag leaf at 9 and 16 DAF than BRRI dhan48. Heera2 and BRRI hybrid dhan2 maintained significantly higher chlorophyll a:b ratio over Tia and BRRI dhan48 at 2, 9, 16 and 23 DAF in their flag leaf. Shoot reserve remobilization to grain exhibited higher degree of sensitivity to rising of minimum temperature in the studied hybrids compared to the inbred. Inefficient photosynthetic activities of flag leaf and poor shoot reserve translocation to grain resulted poor grain filling percentage in the test hybrids. Consequently the studied hybrids showed significantly lower grain yield (ca. 36.7%) as compared to inbred BRRI dhan48, irrespective of planting date in Aus season.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v17i1-2.20839Bangladesh Rice j. 2013, 17(1&2): 7-14
Regulation of Marketing of Breast milk Substitutes
Authors: Khatoon Soofia
Published: November 2014

No AbstractDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i2.20758 J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2013, Vol.5(2); 75-76
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Displaced Fractures of Lateral Malleolus by Tension and Wiring and Plating in Bimalleolar Fractures in Adults
Authors: Alamgir MHM , Islam Monowarul , Islam Md. Nazrul , Kader Abdul
Published: November 2014

Background: Lateral malleolus is the key structure for anatomic reduction of the displaced bi-malleolar fracture and that restored the integrity of stability of ankle. Therefore, accurate reduction and fixation is needed for proper functioning of the joint.Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to find out the better method of fixation for the unstable lateral malleolar fracture between tension band wiring and semitubular plating.Methodology: This was a prospective study carried out the National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR) Dhaka during the period of July 2000 and June 2002. All the relevant data were collected for each individual patient on a predesigned data sheet and analyzed. A p value of <0.05 was taken as minimum level of significance.Result: Twenty patients were available till the final follow up. Tension band wiring was done for ten patients and semitubular plating for the rest ten patients. All fractures were united in 12 weeks in plating group and in tension band wiring group union occurred as early as 10 weeks. Radiological evaluation continued at 18th and 24th week showed no signs of osteoarthritis or any deformity.Conclusion: Displaced lateral malleolar fractures demands operative treatment and tension band wiring using 2 k-wires provide stronger fixation and fracture united early.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i2.20760J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2013;5(2):81-83
Correlation of Thyroid Hormone Derangement with Serum Ferritin Level in Children with Beta Thalassaemia Major at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Karim AKM Rezaul , Islam Md Rafiqul , Deeba Farzana , Fakir Md Hasan Jamal , Matin Abdul
Published: November 2014

Background: Thalassaemia is a heterogeneous group of disorders. In multi-transfused thalassaemia major patients  the  thyroid  gland  function has  been  reported  to  be  normal,  decreased  reserve,  or  primary hypothyroidism.Objective: This study was an attempt to know the thyroid function status in multi-transfused thalassaemic patients and it's correlation with iron overload.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Pediatrics at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and Transfusion centre of Bangladesh Thalassaemia Samity, Dhaka during May 2011 to April 2012. Previously diagnosed cases of thalassaemia major patients with transfusion dependent at any age with both sexes were randomly selected for this study. Serum total thyroxine (T4), total triiodothyronine (T3), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and serum ferritin level were estimated from venous blood.Results: A total of 50 previously diagnosed cases of thalassaemia major patients of which 30 male and 20 female of 4 to 15 years age, transfusion dependent were randomly selected for this study. Hypothyroidism was present in 10(20%) patients.  Among  these 10 patients  compensated  primary  hypothyroidism  was  in  5(10%)  cases  and decompensate primary hypothyroidism was 5(10%) cases. The TSH value of hypothyroid patients was higher. Serum ferritin value was significantly higher in all the three groups of thalassaemic patients. There was no significant correlation between the high serum ferritin value with thyroid stimulating hormone or serum total thyroxin level.Conclusion: All transfusion dependent thalassaemic patients need periodic evaluation of thyroid  function  because  there  was  incidence  of  hypothyroidism.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i2.20762J  Shaheed  Suhrawardy  Med  Coll 2013;5(2):87-90]
Trend of Sensitivity Pattern of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli: Five Year Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka
Authors: Begum Most. Fahmida , Mosaddek Abu Syed Md. , Perveen Kawser , Karim Rezina , Begum Nurun Nahar
Published: November 2014

Background: Urinary tract infections are among the most common bacterial infections caused by pathogens with a decreasing susceptibility to several classes of antimicrobials.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the trend of sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from the urinary tract patients.Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted at Uttara Adhunik Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from 2008 to 2012 for a period of 5(five) years. All patients were within ages 1 month to 80 years, comprising of both male and female, either out or in patients were included as study population. Urine sample was collected and Escherichia coli was isolated and identified as well as the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns was determined.Results: A total number of 16,666 urine samples were collected. No significant changes of susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli was found to ciprofloxacin, cephradine, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin,  nalidixic  acid,  imipenem  and  meropenem;  however,  significant  change  was  detected  to amoxicillin, amoxiclav, cefixime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amikacin, ceftazidime and mecillinam between 2008 and 2012.Conclusion: Trend of sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli is changing to few important antibiotics.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i2.20766J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2013;5(2):103-105
Vers une viropoétique: cinéma de la crise et (dé)limite du poétique dans Le Testament d'Orphée
Authors: Andréo Benjamin
Published: November 2014

Le Testament d'Orphée (1960) est une étape critique de l’œuvre poétique coctalienne. Si l'on admet la crise comme l'instant qui précipite le sens d'une fin et d'une limite, pour Cocteau elle se joue davantage dans le moment insaisissable mais décisif de l'absence des limites ou de leur convergence. Le poète tourne son dernier film pour jouer (de) sa propre crise (moment de la mort proche) et déplacer les limites traditionnelles et/ou contextuelles du poétique. On peut considérer ce film comme une forme de virus qui infecte le mode d'expression cinématique et ses sources poétiques, un testament qui interroge le statut du poétique et de la réalité, et une approche de la crise qui nous libère des limites de cette poésie pour inciter, irrévérencieux, à notre propre action créatrice. Testament d'une fin et d'une limite, mais surtout celui du recommencement à venir: la phénixologie naît de la virologie poétique opérée dans et par l’écriture cinématographique.
Next-Generation Sequencing in Clinical Oncology: Next Steps Towards Clinical Validation
Authors: Bennett Nigel , Farah Camile
Published: November 2014

Compelling evidence supports the transition of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology from a research environment into clinical practice. Before NGS technologies are fully adopted in the clinic, they should be thoroughly scrutinised for their potential as powerful diagnostic and prognostic tools. The importance placed on generating accurate NGS data, and consequently appropriate clinical interpretation, has stimulated much international discussion regarding the creation and implementation of strict guidelines and regulations for NGS clinical use. In the context of clinical oncology, NGS technologies are currently transitioning from a clinical research background into a setting where they will contribute significantly to individual patient cancer management. This paper explores the steps that have been taken, and those still required, for the transition of NGS into the clinical area, with particular emphasis placed on validation in the setting of clinical oncology.
Analysis of Future Vehicle Energy Demand in China Based on a Gompertz Function Method and Computable General Equilibrium Model
Authors: Wu Tian , Zhang Mengbo , Ou Xunmin
Published: November 2014

This paper presents a model for the projection of Chinese vehicle stocks and road vehicle energy demand through 2050 based on low-, medium-, and high-growth scenarios. To derive a gross-domestic product (GDP)-dependent Gompertz function, Chinese GDP is estimated using a recursive dynamic Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model. The Gompertz function is estimated using historical data on vehicle development trends in North America, Pacific Rim and Europe to overcome the problem of insufficient long-running data on Chinese vehicle ownership. Results indicate that the number of projected vehicle stocks for 2050 is 300, 455 and 463 million for low-, medium-, and high-growth scenarios respectively. Furthermore, the growth in China’s vehicle stock will increase beyond the inflection point of Gompertz curve by 2020, but will not reach saturation point during the period 2014–2050. Of major road vehicle categories, cars are the largest energy consumers, followed by trucks and buses. Growth in Chinese vehicle demand is primarily determined by per capita GDP. Vehicle saturation levels solely influence the shape of the Gompertz curve and population growth weakly affects vehicle demand. Projected total energy consumption of road vehicles in 2050 is 380, 575 and 586 million tonnes of oil equivalent for each scenario.
Recycle Effect on Device Performance of Wire Mesh Packed Double-Pass Solar Air Heaters
Authors: Ho Chii-Dong , Lin Chun-Sheng , Yang Tz-Jin , Chao Chun-Chieh
Published: November 2014

A new device for inserting an absorber plate to divide a flat-plate channel into two subchannels to conduct double-pass wire mesh packed operations was developed. The proposed wire mesh packed device improves the heat transfer efficiency substantially as compared that to flat-plate single-pass and double-pass operations using the same working dimensions, and the improvement of device performance was investigated experimentally and theoretically. Good agreement between the theoretical prediction and the measured values from the experimental results was achieved. Considerable heat transfer improvement was obtained employing wire mesh packed double-pass operations under the absorber plate with external recycle. The influences of recycle ratio on the heat transfer efficiency and the power consumption increase were also discussed.
Mapping the Global Potential Geographical Distribution of Black Locust (Robinia Pseudoacacia L.) Using Herbarium Data and a Maximum Entropy Model
Authors: Li Guoqing , Xu Guanghua , Guo Ke , Du Sheng
Published: November 2014

Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a tree species of high economic and ecological value, but is also considered to be highly invasive. Understanding the global potential distribution and ecological characteristics of this species is a prerequisite for its practical exploitation as a resource. Here, a maximum entropy modeling (MaxEnt) was used to simulate the potential distribution of this species around the world, and the dominant climatic factors affecting its distribution were selected by using a jackknife test and the regularized gain change during each iteration of the training algorithm. The results show that the MaxEnt model performs better than random, with an average test AUC value of 0.9165 (±0.0088). The coldness index, annual mean temperature and warmth index were the most important climatic factors affecting the species distribution, explaining 65.79% of the variability in the geographical distribution. Species response curves showed unimodal relationships with the annual mean temperature and warmth index, whereas there was a linear relationship with the coldness index. The dominant climatic conditions in the core of the black locust distribution are a coldness index of −9.8 °C–0 °C, an annual mean temperature of 5.8 °C–14.5 °C, a warmth index of 66 °C–168 °C and an annual precipitation of 508–1867 mm. The potential distribution of black locust is located mainly in the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, Switzerland, Australia, New Zealand, China, Japan, South Korea, South Africa, Chile and Argentina. The predictive map of black locust, climatic thresholds and species response curves can provide globally applicable guidelines and valuable information for policymakers and planners involved in the introduction, planting and invasion control of this species around the world.
Dexamethasone Improves Heat Stroke-Induced Multiorgan Dysfunction and Damage in Rats
Authors: Liu Chia-Chyuan , Shih Mei-Fen , Wen Yi-Szu , Lai Ying-Hsiu , Yang Tsai-Hsiu
Published: November 2014

Dexamethasone (DXM) is known as an immunosuppressive drug used for inflammation control. In the present study, we attempted to examine whether DXM administration could attenuate the hypercoagulable state and the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, improve arterial hypotension, cerebral ischemia and damage, and vital organ failure in a rat model of heat stroke. The results indicated that all the rats suffering from heat stroke showed high serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), accompanied with increased prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and D-D dimer, and decreased protein C. During the induction period of heat stroke, plasma levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), were consistently increased. High striatal levels of glycerol, glutamate, and lactate/pyruvate were simultaneously detected. On the contrary, the mean arterial pressure, plasma levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), and local cerebral blood flow at the striatum were all decreased. Importantly, intravenous administration of DXM substantially ameliorated the circulatory dysfunction, systematic inflammation, hypercoagulable state, cerebral ischemia and damage during the induction period of heat stroke. These findings demonstrated that DXM may be an alternative therapy that can ameliorate heat stroke victims by attenuating activated coagulation, systemic inflammation, and vital organ ischemia/injury during heat stroke.
Small Molecule Membrane Transporters in the Mammalian Podocyte: A Pathogenic and Therapeutic Target
Authors: Zennaro Cristina , Artero Mary , Maso Vittorio , Carraro Michele
Published: November 2014

The intriguingly complex glomerular podocyte has been a recent object of intense study. Researchers have sought to understand its role in the pathogenesis of common proteinuric diseases such as minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerular sclerosis. In particular, considerable effort has been directed towards the anatomic and functional barrier to macromolecular filtration provided by the secondary foot processes, but little attention has been paid to the potential of podocytes to handle plasma proteins beyond the specialization of the slit diaphragm. Renal membrane transporters in the proximal tubule have been extensively studied for decades, particularly in relation to drug metabolism and elimination. Recently, uptake and efflux transporters for small organic molecules have also been found in the glomerular podocyte, and we and others have found that these transporters can engage not only common pharmaceuticals but also injurious endogenous and exogenous agents. We have also found that the activity of podocyte transporters can be manipulated to inhibit pathogen uptake and efflux. It is conceivable that podocyte transporters may play a role in disease pathogenesis and may be a target for future drug development.
Survival Strategies in the Aquatic and Terrestrial World: The Impact of Second Messengers on Cyanobacterial Processes
Authors: Agostoni Marco , Montgomery Beronda
Published: November 2014

Second messengers are intracellular substances regulated by specific external stimuli globally known as first messengers. Cells rely on second messengers to generate rapid responses to environmental changes and the importance of their roles is becoming increasingly realized in cellular signaling research. Cyanobacteria are photooxygenic bacteria that inhabit most of Earth’s environments. The ability of cyanobacteria to survive in ecologically diverse habitats is due to their capacity to adapt and respond to environmental changes. This article reviews known second messenger-controlled physiological processes in cyanobacteria. Second messengers used in these systems include the element calcium (Ca2+), nucleotide-based guanosine tetraphosphate or pentaphosphate (ppGpp or pppGpp, represented as (p)ppGpp), cyclic adenosine 3’,5’-monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP), cyclic guanosine 3’,5’-monophosphate (cGMP), and cyclic dimeric AMP (c-di-AMP), and the gaseous nitric oxide (NO). The discussion focuses on processes central to cyanobacteria, such as nitrogen fixation, light perception, photosynthesis-related processes, and gliding motility. In addition, we address future research trajectories needed to better understand the signaling networks and cross talk in the signaling pathways of these molecules in cyanobacteria. Second messengers have significant potential to be adapted as technological tools and we highlight possible novel and practical applications based on our understanding of these molecules and the signaling networks that they control.
TecLines: A MATLAB-Based Toolbox for Tectonic Lineament Analysis from Satellite Images and DEMs, Part 2: Line Segments Linking and Merging
Authors: Rahnama Mehdi , Gloaguen Richard
Published: November 2014

Extraction and interpretation of tectonic lineaments is one of the routines for mapping large areas using remote sensing data. However, this is a subjective and time-consuming process. It is difficult to choose an optimal lineament extraction method in order to reduce subjectivity and obtain vectors similar to what an analyst would manually extract. The objective of this study is the implementation, evaluation and comparison of Hough transform, segment merging and polynomial fitting methods towards automated tectonic lineament mapping. For this purpose we developed a new MATLAB-based toolbox (TecLines). The proposed toolbox capabilities were validated using a synthetic Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and tested along in the Andarab fault zone (Afghanistan) where specific fault structures are known. In this study, we used filters in both frequency and spatial domains and the tensor voting framework to produce binary edge maps. We used the Hough transform to extract linear image discontinuities. We used B-spline as a polynomial curve fitting method to eliminate artificial line segments that are out of interest and to link discontinuous segments with similar trends. We performed statistical analyses in order to compare the final image discontinuities maps with existing references map.
Locally-Referenced Ultrasonic – LPS for Localization and Navigation
Authors: Gualda David , Ureña Jesús , García Juan , Lindo Alejandro
Published: November 2014

This paper presents a flexible deployment of ultrasonic position sensors and a novel positioning algorithm suitable for the navigation of mobile robots (MRs) in extensive indoor environments. Our proposal uses several independently-referenced local positioning systems (LPS), which means that each one of them operates within its own local reference system. In a typical layout, an indoor extensive area can be covered using just a reduced set of globally-referenced LPS (GRLPS), whose beacon positions are known to the global reference system, while the rest of the space can be covered using locally-referenced LPSs (LRLPS) that can be distributed arbitrarily. The number of LRLPS and their position can be also changed at any moment. The algorithm is composed of several Bayesian filters running in parallel, so that when an MR is under the GRLPS coverage area, its position is updated by a global filter, whereas when the MR is inside the LRLPS area, its position is updated using position increments within a local filter. The navigation algorithm has been tested by simulation and with actual data obtained using a real set of ultrasonic LPSs.
Spatial Pattern and the Process of Settlement Expansion in Jiangsu Province from 1980 to 2010, Eastern China
Authors: Xu Yan , Pu Lijie , Zhang Lifang
Published: November 2014

Human settlement expansion has very important effects on regional population migration, economic balance and ecosystem services. Understanding the evolution of settlement expansion and regional differences is significant for regional sustainability. The results showed that in the past 30 years, the urbanization rate in Jiangsu province was lower. From 1980 to 2010, the expansion area of urban settlement was larger than that of rural settlement. Urban settlement expanded slowly from 1980 to 2005 and strongly from 2005 to 2010. Rural settlement expanded greatly from 1980 to 1995, and 37.14% of settlement was mostly on cropland. The type of urban settlement expansion from 1980 to 1995 and from 2000 to 2005 was compact expansion. Settlement expansion in the south of Jiangsu province was greater than that in the north of Jiangsu province. The spatial pattern of settlement in most cities was a cluster. In the past 30 years, urban and rural settlement expansion had significantly different impacts on the soil and water environment. Urban settlement expansion was great in the south of Jiangsu province and widened the economic and social gap between the south and north of Jiangsu province.
Dynamic Evaluation of Water Quality Improvement Based on Effective Utilization of Stockbreeding Biomass Resource
Authors: Yan Jingjing , Sha Jinghua , Chu Xiao , Xu Feng , Xiang Nan
Published: November 2014

The stockbreeding industry is growing rapidly in rural regions of China, carrying a high risk to the water environment due to the emission of huge amounts of pollutants in terms of COD, T-N and T-P to rivers. On the other hand, as a typical biomass resource, stockbreeding waste can be used as a clean energy source by biomass utilization technologies. In this paper, we constructed a dynamic linear optimization model to simulate the synthetic water environment management policies which includes both the water environment system and social-economic situational changes over 10 years. Based on the simulation, the model can precisely estimate trends of water quality, production of stockbreeding biomass energy and economic development under certain restrictions of the water environment. We examined seven towns of Shunyi district of Beijing as the target area to analyse synthetic water environment management policies by computer simulation based on the effective utilization of stockbreeding biomass resources to improve water quality and realize sustainable development. The purpose of our research is to establish an effective utilization method of biomass resources incorporating water environment preservation, resource reutilization and economic development, and finally realize the sustainable development of the society.
Neurospora crassa: Looking back and looking forward at a model microbe
Authors: Roche Christine M. , Loros Jennifer J. , McCluskey Kevin , Glass N. Louise
Published: November 2014

Investigation of the red bread mold that contaminated French bakeries nearly two centuries ago has led to a wealth of discoveries that have impacted our understanding of genetic, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms in microbes, from Mendelian genetics and the gene–enzyme relationship to circadian rhythm and plant cell wall degradation. EarlyNeurosporaresearch focused on elucidating mechanisms of genetic recombination and gene action and later progressed to addressing complex biological questions of eukaryotic microbes. Here we review the evolution of the filamentous fungusNeurosporaas a model microbe over the past century. We discuss the origins ofNeurosporaas a model microbe, the immediate scientific impacts from work in this filamentous fungus, and how the introduction of other model organisms (i.e.,Escherichia coliandSaccharomyces cerevisiae) redirected the focus ofNeurosporaresearch.Neurosporahas and continues to inform our understanding of a myriad of basic scientific concepts and now has the opportunity to forge into the applied biosciences and biotechnology.
Multiflagellated sperm cells of Ceratopteris richardii are bathed in arabinogalactan proteins throughout development
Authors: Lopez Renee A. , Renzaglia Karen S.
Published: November 2014

• Premise of the study: Sperm cell differentiation in ferns involves the origin of an elaborate locomotory apparatus, including 70+ flagella, and the structural modification of every cellular component. Because arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are implicated in molecular signaling and in regulation of plant development, we speculated that these glycoproteins would be present during spermiogenesis in ferns.

• Methods: Using β‐glucosyl Yariv reagents that specifically bind to and inhibit AGPs and immunogold localizations with monoclonal antibodies JIM13, JIM8, and LM6, we examined the specific expression patterns of AGPs and inhibited their function during sperm cell development in the model fern Ceratopteris richardii.

• Key results: Developing sperm cells stained intensely with Yariv phenylglycosides, demonstrating the presence of AGPs. JIM13‐AGP epitopes were widespread throughout development in the expanding extraprotoplasmic matrix (EPM) in which flagella elongate, cytoplasm is eliminated, and spherical spermatids become coiled. JIM8 and LM6 epitopes localized to the plasmalemma on growing flagella and on the rapidly changing sperm cell body. Spermatids treated with β‐glucosyl lacked an EPM and formed fewer, randomly arranged flagella.

• Conclusions: We demonstrated that AGPs are abundant in the EPM and along the plasmalemma and that the three AGP epitopes have specific expression patterns during development. Coupled with inhibition studies, these results identify AGPs as critical to the formation of an extraprotoplasmic matrix and the consequent origin and development of flagella in an orderly and precise fashion around the cell. We speculate that AGPs may play additional roles as signaling molecules involved in cell shaping, cytoskeletal development, vesicle trafficking, and cytoplasmic elimination.
UHV deposition and characterization of a mononuclear iron(III) β-diketonate complex on Au(111)
Authors: Cimatti Irene , Ninova Silviya , Lanzilotto Valeria , Malavolti Luigi , Rigamonti Luca , Cortigiani Brunetto , Mannini Matteo , Magnano Elena , Bondino Federica , Totti Federico , Cornia Andrea , Sessoli Roberta
Published: November 2014

The adsorption of the sterically hindered β-diketonate complex Fe(dpm)3, where Hdpm = dipivaloylmethane, on Au(111) was investigated by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM). The high volatility of the molecule limited the growth of the film to a few monolayers. While UPS evidenced the presence of the β-diketonate ligands on the surface, the integrity of the molecule on the surface could not be assessed. The low temperature STM images were more informative and at submonolayer coverage they showed the presence of regular domains characterized by a flat morphology and height of ≈0.3 nm. Along with these domains, tetra-lobed features adsorbed on the kinks of the herringbone were also observed. DFT-simulated images of the pristine molecule and its possible decomposition products allowed to assess the partial fragmentation of Fe(dpm)3 upon adsorption on the Au(111) surface. Structural features with intact molecules were only observed for the saturation coverage. An ex situ prepared thick film of the complex was also investigated by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and features typical of high-spin iron(III) in octahedral environment were observed.
Introduction
Authors: Croché Sarah
Published: November 2014

Ce dossier s’intéresse à la façon dont les systèmes éducatifs, les programmes, les manuels, les enseignants et les élèves tentent de concilier le discours de la science dite occidentale avec les discours issus de la religion, de l’opinion et de la tradition qui comprennent des expressions locales de la magie et de la sorcellerie. Il traite de la question des identités, des croyances, du pouvoir et des résistances à l’école moderne. L’idée de concurrence des discours de vérité fait référence à Latour pour qui notre société moderne n’a jamais fonctionné conformément au grand partage qui fonde son système de représentation du monde. La fin du grand renfermement de l’école ou de la règle de claustration se traduit par la nécessité pour les élèves de jongler avec les vérités, qui s’imposent de façon différente selon les temps et les lieux.
Discours scientifique et discours religieux à propos de l'origine des espèces vivantes dans les manuels scolaires du secondaire en Grèce
Authors: Delhaye Coralie
Published: November 2014

Les contenus de manuels scolaires grecs de religion utilisés ces dernières années ont été examinés. L’article cherche si les discours de vérité scientifiques et religieux –notamment à propos de l’origine des espèces vivantes – y sont présentés comme concurrents ou non. Des représentations qui semblent liées aux mises en concurrence sont étudiées : le discours est ou non montré comme une vérité, la nature de cette vérité est ou non considérée ; les discours sont mis en rapport ou non, la nature de ce rapport est considérée ou non ; enfin, l’un des deux discours est prééminent par rapport à l’autre. En prenant appui sur un modèle théorique développé par Wolfs, l’analyse de contenu montre que, même si les discours de vérité sont explicitement présentés comme incommensurables et non concurrents, des représentations promeuvent la nécessité d’une indissociabilité entre les deux. La prééminence du discours religieux sur le discours scientifique est transmise de façon moins transparente dans les dernières années de l’enseignement secondaire.
Enseignement laïque, porosité religieuse et lutte de légitimité dans l'enceinte scolaire française en Tunisie
Authors: Pontanier Émilie
Published: November 2014

Comment la laïcité des lycées français en Tunisie permet-elle, dans les murs de l’enceinte scolaire, de légitimer la vérité religieuse ou areligieuse des lycéens tunisiens et binationaux ? Comment sert-elle la pluralité des pratiques religieuses des familles qui y scolarisent leurs enfants ? Au travers d’une analyse qualitative des choix scolaires motivés par des stratégies d’entre-soi social et religieux, l’article montre que ce système d’enseignement favorise, d’une part, l’autonomie cultuelle des familles musulmanes et, d’autre part, le rejet de l’islam dogmatique. La laïcité est alors analysée comme une valeur qui permet le contournement des codes sociaux et religieux du pays. En effet, pour la majeure partie des lycéens et des familles des établissements français, la laïcité autorise une pluralité de pratiques religieuses et, surtout, la préservation de leur vision de l’islam dans une société qui révèle d’autres pratiques, d’autres valeurs et qui engendre des craintes d’embrigadement.
Diversité ethnique et éducation inclusive : fondements et perspectives
Authors: Potvin Maryse
Published: November 2014

Cet article illustre les principaux fondements de l’éducation inclusive et équitable. Il situe d’abord ses grands “principes d’action” et ouvre la réflexion sur le développement d’indicateurs visant à mettre en œuvre une démarche d’équité et d’inclusion en milieu scolaire. L’accent est aussi mis sur le rôle central des compétences professionnelles en formation initiale et continue des professionnels de l’éducation au Québec, dans une perspective d’équité et d’inclusion. L’article met aussi en évidence le “paradigme commun” qui relie les différents courants sur la diversité ethnoculturelle, religieuse et linguistique en éducation, notamment les approches antiraciste et inclusive. Enfin, en conclusion, deux grands défis quant à l’application d’une approche inclusive institutionnelle au Québec sont soulevés.
La connaissance de soi entre tendance naturelle et exercice spirituel
Authors: Andrei Laurentiu
Published: November 2014

L’injonction delphique, « Connais-toi toi-même ! », outre le fait qu’elle a été le leitmotiv de la démarche socratique, mit à l’épreuve la sagacité des stoïciens. Pour ce qui est du Zen, Dōgen rappelle qu’il consiste dans une quête de soi. Depuis cette perspective, la similarité entre stoïcisme et Zen est frappante. La connaissance de soi est une tâche urgente qui requiert une ascèse. Ce qui n’empêche pas qu’elle soit entendue comme une tendance naturelle. Dès lors, comment comprendre la connaissance de soi située entre spontanéité naturelle et techniques propres à une discipline ? Quel est son objet ? Quel “soi” s’agit-il de connaître et à quelle fin ? Pour explorer ces questions un poème de Coleridge servira de tertium comparationis permettant des va-et-vient entre stoïcisme et Zen.
Tristan et Iseut : le philtre et l'ordalie
Authors: Valleur Marc
Published: November 2014

La légende de Tristan et Iseut décrit une passion envahissante, qui s’impose au sujet malgré sa volonté, et qui risque de le conduire à la mort. Rien d’étonnant dès lors qu’elle illustre à la fois la passion amoureuse mais également, par sa dimension ordalique, les addictions.
Le Subutex® une drogue, mais qu'est-ce qu'une drogue ? Esquisse d'une anthropologie sémiotique des psychotropes
Authors: Escots Serge
Published: November 2014

Les traitements de substitution aux opiacés (TSO) se sont mis en place en France au milieu des années 1990 dans un contexte polémique. Le laboratoire pharmaceutique trouva dans la situation sanitaire et politique française de l’époque une opportunité pour obtenir une autorisation de mise sur le marché de la BHD. La France changea de paradigme en matière de soin aux toxicomanes et les évaluations tirèrent de ce changement un bilan globalement positif. Toutefois, des études montrent que la BHD fait l’objet de diverses formes de mésusages et qu’elle est utilisée parfois comme une « drogue ». Mais, dès lors, qu’est-ce qu’une drogue ? Définir la drogue comme ce qu’une société considère comme tel ne nous permet pas de répondre à la question si la limite entre médicament et drogue est renvoyée aux discours normatifs. Or il s’agit de comprendre et d’expliquer pourquoi et comment un médicament devient une drogue par la reconfiguration de ses usages. La BHD est un cas contemporain exemplaire de ce processus de reconfiguration, mais où s’origine ce processus ? Au XIX e  siècle naissant, l’opiomane anglais Thomas de Quincey témoigne dans ses « confessions » d’une pratique qui se répandait à son époque. Le livre connut un grand succès et son texte constitue le récit canonique d’un mythe qui institue un rapport inédit et irréversible d’Homo sapiens avec les psychotropes. Pour l’anthropologue, les mythes sont des narrations qui, en fixant des signes, instituent des formes de donation du sens. L’anthropologie sémiotique se propose d’étudier la culture envisagée comme mode de donation du sens. En nous appuyant sur son programme épistémologique, nous analyserons le cas de la BHD en France dans la perspective de celui de l’opium de T. de Quincey. Le retour à cette source originaire permet de reconsidérer différents discours en jeu actuellement sur « la drogue » et les psychotropes. Cet article vise à clarifier l’aspect instituant du geste littéraire de « l’opiophage anglais » et de vérifier ce qu’il devient 200 ans plus tard à l’introduction de la BHD. Une idée largement répandue considère que la drogue est un mythe, une construction sociale, bref que « ça n’existe pas ». Pourtant, comme forme symbolique, elle institue des conditions de possibilités d’usages de psychotropes. Cette forme symbolique sera travaillée pour elle-même, dans une diversification de formes, par des pratiques langagières, techniques et d’interactions sociales innombrables.
Entre impuissance et abstinence chez les Alcooliques Anonymes : vers le développement du pouvoir d'agir
Authors: Suissa Amnon Jacob
Published: November 2014

En Amérique du Nord, et dans une moindre mesure en Europe et ailleurs dans le monde, le discours fondé sur les 12 étapes exerce une influence considérable dans la conception du phénomène des dépendances d’une part, et des interventions à privilégier d’autre part. Quels sont les fondements et les finalités sociales du discours AA qui permettent d’expliquer son succès ? Dans quelle mesure le discours des 12 étapes des AA est-il compatible avec les valeurs du DPA (développement du pouvoir d’agir) des personnes ? Y a-t-il des conditions plus propices à la motivation et au changement personnel et social en contexte de dépendance ? Face à ces questions, et à partir d’une analyse sociale critique, l’auteur propose d’explorer et d’identifier certains paradoxes pour des pistes alternatives dans le processus de changement personnel et social. Enfin, il illustre les fondements qui favorisent le développement du pouvoir d’agir (DPA) des personnes et de leur réseau social.
Using Data Labels to Discover Moderating Effects in PLS-Based Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Kock Ned
Published: November 2014

PLS-based structural equation modeling is extensively used in e-collaboration research, as well as in many other fields of research. Two main types of exploratory analyses are frequently employed in the context of PLS-based structural equation modeling: covariance (or correlation) analyses, where the covariances (or correlations) among all variables are inspected; and model-driven exploratory analyses, where one or more variations of theory-supported models are built and adjusted associations among variables are inspected. These analyses, while useful, provide limited insights about the possible presence of moderating effects. We discuss a general approach through which researchers can employ data labels, implemented as symbols that are displayed together with legends on graphs, to uncover moderating relationships among variables. The discussion is illustrated with the software WarpPLS version 4.0. While the approach is illustrated in the context of e-collaboration research, it arguably applies to any field where PLS-based structural equation modeling can be used.
Accelerating a Cloud-Based Software GNSS Receiver
Authors: Karimi Kamran , Pamir Aleks G. , Afzal M. Haris
Published: November 2014

This paper discusses ways to reduce the execution time of a software Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver that is meant for offline operation in a cloud environment. Client devices register satellite signals they receive, and send them to the cloud, to be processed by this software. The goal of this project is for each client request to be processed as fast as possible, but also to increase total system throughput by making sure as many requests as possible are processed within a unit of time. The characteristics of the application provided both opportunities and challenges for increasing performance. This paper describes the speedups we obtained by enabling the software to exploit multi-core CPUs and GPGPUs. It mentions which techniques worked and which did not. To increase throughput, it describes how to control the resources allocated for each invocation of the software to process a client request, such that multiple copies of the application can run at the same time. It uses the notion of the effective running time to measure the system's throughput when running multiple instances at the same time, and show how to determine when the system's computing resources have been saturated.
A Generic Privacy Breach Preventing Methodology for Cloud Based Web Service
Authors: Murugaiyan S. R. , Chandramohan D. , Vengattaraman T. , Dhavachelvan P.
Published: November 2014

The present focuses on the Cloud storage services are having a critical issue in handling the user's private information and its confidentiality. The User data privacy preserving is a vital facet of online storage in cloud computing. The information in cloud data storage is underneath, staid molests of baffling addict endeavor, and it may leads to user clandestine in a roar privacy breach. Moreover, privacy preservation is an indeed research pasture in contemporary information technology development. Preserving User Data in Cloud Service (PUDCS) happens due to the data privacy breach results to a rhythmic way of intruding high confidential digital storage area and barter those information into business by embezzle others information. This paper focuses on preventing (hush-hush) digital data using the proposed privacy preserving framework. It also describes the prevention of stored data and de-identifying unauthorized user attempts, log monitoring and maintaining it in the cloud for promoting allusion to providers and users.
Validation of the Technology Satisfaction Model (TSM) Developed in Higher Education
Authors: Islam A.Y.M. Atiquil
Published: November 2014

This project validates the Technology Satisfaction Model (TSM) developed. While Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) developed by Davis (1989) ignored the issue of computer self-efficacy and satisfaction. TSM incorporates both. While TAM is used for measuring the acceptance of technology in general; TSM examines the satisfaction on wireless internet usage with a particular focus to the students studying in Higher Education. To develop and validate the TSM, data gained through a survey conducted with 285 students studying in five faculties of a comprehensive public university in Malaysia. Quota sampling technique was used. Instrument reliability and validity were performed by Rasch analysis using Winsteps version 3.49. The results of the study were analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS version 18.0. The findings showed that perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness had a statistically significant positive direct influence on satisfaction. Subsequently, computer self-efficacy discovered a significant positive direct influence on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Moreover, the results also demonstrated that computer self-efficacy had a significant indirect influence on satisfaction mediated by perceived usefulness. Eventually, computer self-efficacy also revealed a statistically significant indirect influence on satisfaction mediated by perceived ease of use of wireless internet.
TCRklass: A New K-String–Based Algorithm for Human and Mouse TCR Repertoire Characterization
Authors: Yang Xi , Liu Di , Lv Na , Zhao Fangqing , Liu Fei , Zou Jing , Chen Yan , Xiao Xue , Wu Jun , Liu Peipei , Gao Jing , Hu Yongfei , Shi Yi , Liu Jun , Zhang Ruifen , Chen Chen , Ma Juncai , Gao George F. , Zhu Baoli
Published: November 2014

The next-generation sequencing technology has promoted the study on human TCR repertoire, which is essential for the adaptive immunity. To decipher the complexity of TCR repertoire, we developed an integrated pipeline, TCRklass, using K-string–based algorithm that has significantly improved the accuracy and performance over existing tools. We tested TCRklass using manually curated short read datasets in comparison with in silico datasets; it showed higher precision and recall rates on CDR3 identification. We applied TCRklass on large datasets of two human and three mouse TCR repertoires; it demonstrated higher reliability on CDR3 identification and much less biased V/J profiling, which are the two components contributing the diversity of the repertoire. Because of the sequencing cost, short paired-end reads generated by next-generation sequencing technology are and will remain the main source of data, and we believe that the TCRklass is a useful and reliable toolkit for TCR repertoire analysis.
A Novel Flow Cytometric Method To Assess Inflammasome Formation
Authors: Sester David P. , Thygesen Sara J. , Sagulenko Vitaliya , Vajjhala Parimala R. , Cridland Jasmyn A. , Vitak Nazarii , Chen Kaiwen W. , Osborne Geoffrey W. , Schroder Kate , Stacey Katryn J.
Published: November 2014

Inflammasomes are large protein complexes induced by a wide range of microbial, stress, and environmental stimuli that function to induce cell death and inflammatory cytokine processing. Formation of an inflammasome involves dramatic relocalization of the inflammasome adapter protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) into a single speck. We have developed a flow cytometric assay for inflammasome formation, time of flight inflammasome evaluation, which detects the change in ASC distribution within the cell. The transit of ASC into the speck is detected by a decreased width or increased height of the pulse of emitted fluorescence. This assay can be used to quantify native inflammasome formation in subsets of mixed cell populations ex vivo. It can also provide a rapid and sensitive technique for investigating molecular interactions in inflammasome formation, by comparison of wild-type and mutant proteins in inflammasome reconstitution experiments.