bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urinary orosomucoid: a novel, early biomarker of sepsis with promising diagnostic performance
Authors: Kustán Péter , Szirmay Balázs , Horváth-Szalai Zoltán , Ludány Andrea , Kovács Gábor L. , Miseta Attila , Kőszegi Tamás , Mühl Diána
Published: November 2016

Background:

In order to help clinical decision making, we investigated the diagnostic and prognostic ability of urinary orosomucoid (u-ORM) as a new sepsis biomarker, and compared its performance to classical inflammatory parameters.

Methods:

We monitored u-ORM in septic (n=43) and SIRS (n=13) patients in a 5-day follow-up study vs. control patients (n=30). U-ORM was measured by a newly developed turbidimetric assay. U-ORM values were referred to urinary creatinine and expressed as u-ORM/u-CREAT (mg/mmol).

Results:

Significantly higher (p<0.001) u-ORM/u-CREAT levels were found in sepsis than in SIRS. Both intensive care unit (ICU) groups showed strongly elevated values compared to controls (p<0.001). The medians of admission u-ORM/u-CREAT levels were 19.2 in sepsis, 2.1 in SIRS and 0.2 mg/mmol in controls. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for distinguishing SIRS from sepsis was found to be 0.954 for u-ORM/u-CREAT, superior to serum ORM and hsCRP. U-ORM levels did not change during the 5-day follow-up and were independent of the severity of sepsis however, we found extremely elevated u-ORM/u-CREAT values in dialyzed septic patients (52.2 mg/mmol as median).

Conclusions:

The early and relevant increase of u-ORM in sepsis suggests that it might be a promising novel marker of sepsis and could be a valuable part of routine laboratory and clinical practice.
Polyurethane modification with acrylic acid by Ce(IV)-initiated graft polymerization
Authors: Butruk-Raszeja Beata A. , Trzaskowska Paulina A. , Kuźminska Aleksandra , Ciach Tomasz
Published: November 2016

This paper presents a method for polyurethane surface functionalization for tissue engineering applications. Functionalization has been carried out by grafting acrylic acid to the polyurethane surface with the use of radical polymerization with a Ce4+ initiator. Contrary to other papers suggesting that the presence of hydroxyl groups are essential for successful grafting via ceric ions, we propose a method with the omission of the surface hydroxylation step. The influence of reaction conditions: reaction time, reaction temperature and monomer concentration on carboxyl groups surface density has been analyzed and described. The quantity of carboxyl groups on the surface was determined with the use of the TBO method. Materials grafted with acrylic acid have been subjected to conjugation with a peptide using sulfoNHS/ EDC chemistry. Successful incorporation of the peptide has been confirmed by an ELISA assay. Additionally, for better characterization, after each step of modification materials were subjected to SEM, FTIR-ATR, XPS and contact angle measurement analysis.
The rhetorics of fictive interaction in advertising: The case for imagined direct speech in argumentation
Authors: Brandt Line
Published: November 2016

The paper examines imagined dialogue, aka fictive (verbal) interaction, in the strategically motivated discourse of advertising campaigns, i. e., discourse designed for the specific purpose of promoting a particular agenda or commercial product. The paper furthermore explores the grammatical aspect of the examined direct-speech metonymies. Though excluded so far from the grammars of Germanic languages, embedded utterances may in fact function as heads or modifiers in syntactic phrases and as sentence functions (e. g., direct object, verb). The overall aim of this paper is to demonstrate how embedded utterances function linguistically as well as rhetorically in the discourse of marketing – a particularly high-stakes genre of professional communication – and to stipulate hypotheses concerning strategic motivations for this employment of non-quotational direct speech.
Multilevel poetry translation as a problem-solving task
Authors: Atã Pedro , Queiroz Joao
Published: November 2016

Poems are treated by translators as hierarchical multilevel systems. Here we propose the notion of “multilevel poetry translation” to characterize such cases of poetry translation in terms of selection and rebuilding of a multilevel system of constraints across languages. Different levels of a poem correspond to different sets of components that asymmetrically constrain each other (e. g., grammar, lexicon, syntactic construction, prosody, rhythm, typography, etc.). This perspective allows a poem to be approached as a thinking-tool: an “experimental lab” which submits language to unusual conditions and provides a scenario to observe the emergence of new patterns of semiotic behaviour as a result. We describe this operation as a problem-solving task, and exemplify with Augusto de Campos’ Portuguese translation of John Donne’s poem “The Expiration.”
The role of diagram materiality in mathematics
Authors: Steensen Anna Kiel , Johansen Mikkel Willum
Published: November 2016

Based on semiotic analyses of examples from the history of mathematics, we claim that the influence of the material aspects of diagram tokens is anything but trivial. We offer an interpretation of examples of diagrammatic reasoning processes in mathematics according to which the mathematical ideas, arguments, and concepts in question are shaped by the physical features of the chosen diagram tokens.
A Monte Carlo Study on the Effect of Energy Barriers on the Thermoelectric Properties of Si
Authors: Zianni Xanthippi , Chantrenne Patrice , Narducci Dario
Published: November 2016

Energy filtering by energy barriers has been proposed to interpret observations on large thermoelectric power factor (TPF) enhancement in highly doped nanocrystalline Si (nc-Si). Previous Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) modeling indicated that high TPFs could be explained as the result of the presence of energy barriers at the grain boundaries, the high Fermi energy due to the high doping level, and the formation of a low thermal conductivity second phase. To test the assumptions of the BTE modeling and provide more realistic simulations, we have performed Monte Carlo (MC) simulations on the transport properties of composite nc-Si structures. Here, we report on (i) the effect of an energy barrier, and (ii) the effect of multiple barriers on the conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient. In short structures, a TPF enhancement was found and it has been attributed to energy filtering by the energy barrier. The MC indicated that the TE performance can be improved by multiple barriers in close separation. It has been shown that TPF enhancement is possible even when the condition for thermal conductivity non-uniformity across the composite structure is not-fulfilled.
A cognitive-constructionist approach to Spanish creo Ø and creo yo ‘[I] think’
Authors: Hennemann Anja
Published: November 2016

The present study approaches the Spanish postposed constructions
Qualitative properties of positive solutions of quasilinear equations with Hardy terms
Authors: Lei Yutian
Published: November 2016

In this paper, we are concerned with the following quasilinear PDE with a weight:

-

div
⁡
A

⁢

(
x
,

∇
⁡
u

)

=

|
x
|

a

⁢

u
q

⁢

(
x
)

,

u
>

0
 

in 
⁢

ℝ
n

,

-\operatorname{div}A(x,\nabla u)=|x|^{a}u^{q}(x),\qquad u>0\quad\text{in }%
\mathbb{R}^{n},

where

n
≥
1

{n\geq 1}

,

q
>

p
-
1

{q>p-1}

with

p
∈

(
1
,
2
]

{p\in(1,2]}

and

a
≤
0

{a\leq 0}

.
The positive weak solution u of the quasilinear PDE is

𝒜

{\mathcal{A}}

-superharmonic.
We also consider an integral equation involving the Wolff potential

u
⁢

(
x
)

=

R
⁢

(
x
)

⁢

W

β
,
p

⁢

(

|
y
|

a

⁢

u
q

⁢

(
y
)

)

⁢

(
x
)

,

u
>

0
 

in 
⁢

ℝ
n

,

u(x)=R(x)W_{\beta,p}(|y|^{a}u^{q}(y))(x),\qquad u>0\quad\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{%
n},

which the positive solution u of the quasilinear PDE satisfies.
Here

β
>
0

{\beta>0}

and

p
⁢
β

<
n

{p\beta<n}

.
When

-
a

>

p
⁢
β

{-a>p\beta}

or

0
<
q
≤

(

n
+
a

)

⁢

(

p
-
1

)

n
-

p
⁢
β

{0<q\leq\frac{(n+a)(p-1)}{n-p\beta}}

, there does not exist any positive solution to this integral equation.
On the other hand, when

0
≤

-
a

<

p
⁢
β

{0\leq-a

(

n
+
a

)

⁢

(

p
-
1

)

n
-

p
⁢
β

{q>\frac{(n+a)(p-1)}{n-p\beta}}

, the positive
solution u of the integral equation is bounded and decays with the fast rate

n
-

p
⁢
β

p
-
1

{\frac{n-p\beta}{p-1}}

if and only if it is integrable (i.e., it belongs to

L

n
⁢

(

q
-
p

+
1

)

p
⁢
β

+
a

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{L^{\frac{n(q-p+1)}{p\beta+a}}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}

).
However, if the bounded solution is not integrable and decays with some rate,
then the rate must be the slow one

p
⁢
β

+
a

q
-
p

+
1

{\frac{p\beta+a}{q-p+1}}

.
In addition, we also discuss the case of

-
a

=

p
⁢
β

{-a=p\beta}

.
Thus, all the properties above are still true for the quasilinear PDE.
Weyl asymptotics for Hanoi attractors
Authors: Alonso Ruiz Patricia , Freiberg Uta R.
Published: November 2016

This paper studies the asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalue counting function of the Laplacian on some weakly self-similar fractals called Hanoi attractors.
A resistance form is constructed and equipped with a suitable measure in order to obtain a Dirichlet form and its associated Laplacian.
Hereby, the classical construction for p.c.f. self-similar fractals has to be modified by combining discrete and quantum graph methods.
Direct Acid Leaching of Vanadium from Stone Coal
Authors: Zhang Bo , Gao Zhaoguo , Liu Hongzhao , Wang Wei , Cao Yaohua
Published: November 2016

This paper focused on optimizing the process conditions of direct acid leaching process to enhance the leaching efficiency of leaching vanadium from the stone coal. Orthogonal experiments and single factor experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of the influential factors of direct acid leaching on vanadium leaching ratio. The results showed that the vanadium leaching ratio reached the maximum value of 89.22 % under the optimal process conditions of CaF2 dosage 5 mass%, H2SO4 dosage 40 mass%, leaching temperature 95 °C and leaching time 10 h. Furthermore, the reaction mechanisms of the main influencing factors were analyzed. Finally, the two-stage counter-current leaching process was adopted to decrease the consumption of sulfuric acid and neutralizer, and the results indicated that the consumption of sulfuric acid decreased 12.50 % as well as neutralizer decreased 35.80 %.
Improved Control Strategy for Subsynchronous Resonance Mitigation with Fractional-order PI Controller
Authors: Raju D. Koteswara , Umre Bhimrao S. , Junghare A.S. , Chitti Babu B.
Published: November 2016

This paper explores a robust Fractional-order PI (FOPI) controller to diminish Subsynchronous Resonance (SSR) using Static Synchronous series compensator (SSSC). The diminution of SSR is accomplished by increasing the network damping with the injection of voltage of subsynchronous component into the line at those frequencies which are proximate to the torsional mode frequency of the turbine-generator shaft. The voltage of subsynchronous frequency component is extracted from the transmission line and further the similar quantity of series voltage is injected by SSSC into the line to make the current of subsynchronous frequency component to zero which is the major source of oscillations in the turbine-generator shaft. The insertion and fine tuning of Fractional-order PI controller in the control scheme of SSSC the subsynchronous oscillations are reduced to 4 % as compared to conventional PI controller. The studied system is modelled and simulated using MATLAB-Simulink and the results are analysed to show the precision and robustness of the proposed control strategy.
The Impact of Default on Tax Shield Valuation
Authors: Lahmann Alexander , Arnold Sven , Gmehling Philipp
Published: November 2016

In this paper we develop a model to value debt related tax savings and associated yield rates for debt in a setting where future cash flows are uncertain and follow a stochastic diffusion process. By explicitly modeling a default trigger we find that tax shield values in standard Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) valuation formulas are too high as they do not correctly incorporate the risk of default. Furthermore, we are able to endogenously derive risk-adjusted yield rates, while keeping the overall simple and tractable structure of the DCF approach.
Certain irreducible characters over a normal subgroup
Authors: Navarro Gabriel , Rizo Noelia
Published: November 2016

We extend the Howlett–Isaacs theorem
on the solvability of groups of central type
taking into account actions by automorphisms. Then we study
certain induced characters whose constituents have all the
same degree.
A derivative-free iterative method for nonlinear ill-posed equations with monotone operators
Authors: George Santhosh , Nair M. Thamban
Published: November 2016

Recently, Semenova [12] considered a derivative free iterative method for nonlinear ill-posed operator equations with a monotone operator. In this paper, a modified form of Semenova’s method is considered providing simple convergence analysis under more realistic nonlinearity assumptions. The paper also provides a stopping rule for the iteration based on an a priori choice of the regularization parameter and also under the adaptive procedure considered by Pereverzev and Schock [11].
Time varying axially symmetric vector random fields on the sphere
Authors: Ma Chunsheng
Published: November 2016

This paper presents a general form of the covariance matrix structure for a vector random field that is axially symmetric and mean square continuous on the sphere and
provides a series representation for a longitudinally reversible one.
The series representation is somehow an imitator of the covariance matrix function, and both of them have simpler forms than those proposed
in the literature in terms of the associated Legendre functions and are useful for modeling and simulation.
Also, a general form of the covariance matrix structure
is derived for a spatio-temporal vector random field that is axially symmetric and mean square continuous over the sphere,
and a series representation is given for a longitudinally reversible one.
Stability of fractional neutral stochastic partial integro-differential equations
Authors: Xu Liping , Li Zhi
Published: November 2016

In this paper, we are concerned with a class of fractional partial neutral stochastic integro-differential equations in Hilbert spaces. We assume that the linear part of this equation generates an α-resolvent operator and transform it into an integral equation. By the stochastic analysis and fractional calculus technique, and combining some integral inequalities, we obtain some sufficient conditions ensuring the exponential p-stability of the mild solution of the considered equations are obtained. Subsequently, by the weak convergence approach, we have a try to deal with the stability conditions in distribution of the segment process of mild solutions to the stochastic systems under investigation. Last, an example is presented to illustrate our theory in the work.
Prediction of the long-term efficacy of STA-MCA bypass by DSC-PI
Authors: Hui Li , Hui Liu , Tong Han
Published: November 2016

Superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass [1,2] is an important and effective type of surgical revascularization that is widely used in the treatment of ischemic cerebral artery disease. However, a means of predicting its postoperative efficacy has not been established [3,4]. The present study analyzes the correlation between preoperative perfusion parameters (obtained using dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion imaging, DSC-PI) and postoperative long-term prognosis (using modified Rankin Scale, mRS scores). The preoperative perfusion parameters were defined by a combination of perfusion-weighted imaging and the Alberta Stroke Program Early Computerized Tomography Score (PWI-ASPECTS) and included cerebral blood flow (CBF)-ASPECTS, cerebral blood volume (CBV)-ASPECTS, mean transit time (MTT)-ASPECTS, and time to peak (TTP)-ASPECTS. Preoperative and postoperative scores were determined for 33 patients that received a unilateral STA-MCA bypass in order to discover the most reliable imaging predictive index as well as to define the threshold value for a favorable clinical outcome. The results showed that all of the PWI-ASPECTS scores were significantly negatively correlated with clinical prognosis. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis of the preoperative parameters in relation to long term prognosis showed the area under curve (AUC) was maximal for the CBF-ASPECTS score (P = 0.002). A preoperative score of less than six indicated a poor postoperative prognosis (sensitivity = 74.1%, specificity = 100%, AUC = 0.843). In conclusion, preoperative PWI-ASPECTS scores have been found useful as predictive indexes for the long-term prognosis of STA-MCA bypass patients, with higher scores indicating better postoperative long-term outcomes. As the most valuable prognostic indicator, the preoperative CBF-ASPECTS score has potential for use as a major index in screening and outcome prediction of patients under consideration for STA-MCA bypass surgery.
Deletion of the Mouse Homolog ofCACNA1CDisrupts Discrete Forms of Hippocampal-Dependent Memory and Neurogenesis within the Dentate Gyrus
Authors: Temme Stephanie J. , Bell Ryan Z. , Fisher Grace L. , Murphy Geoffrey G.
Published: November 2016

L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (LVGCCs) have been implicated in various forms of learning, memory, and synaptic plasticity. Within the hippocampus, the LVGCC subtype, CaV1.2 is prominently expressed throughout the dentate gyrus. Despite the apparent high levels of CaV1.2 expression in the dentate gyrus, the role of CaV1.2 in hippocampal- and dentate gyrus-associated forms of learning remain unknown. To address this question, we examined alternate forms of hippocampal-dependent associative and spatial memory in mice lacking the mouse ortholog ofCACNA1C(Cacna1c), which encodes CaV1.2, with dentate gyrus function implicated in difficult forms of each task. We found that while the deletion of CaV1.2 did not impair the acquisition of fear of a conditioned context, mice lacking CaV1.2 exhibited deficits in the ability to discriminate between two contexts, one in which the mice were conditioned and one in which they were not. Similarly, CaV1.2 knock-out mice exhibited normal acquisition and recall of the location of the hidden platform in a standard Morris water maze, but were unable to form a memory of the platform location when the task was made more difficult by restricting the number of available spatial cues. Within the dentate gyrus, pan-neuronal deletion of CaV1.2 resulted in decreased cell proliferation and the numbers of doublecortin-positive adult-born neurons, implicating CaV1.2 in adult neurogenesis. These results suggest that CaV1.2 is important for dentate gyrus-associated tasks and may mediate these forms of learning via a role in adult neurogenesis and cell proliferation within the dentate gyrus.
A Review of Numerical Simulation and Analytical Modeling for Medical Devices Safety in MRI
Authors: Kabil J. , Belguerras L. , Trattnig S. , Pasquier C. , Missoffe A. , Felblinger J.
Published: November 2016

Objectives: To review past and present challenges and ongoing trends in numerical simulation for MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) safety evaluation of medical devices.

Methods: A wide literature review on numerical and analytical simulation on simple or complex medical devices in MRI electromagnetic fields shows the evolutions through time and a growing concern for MRI safety over the years. Major issues and achievements are described, as well as current trends and perspectives in this research field.

Results: Numerical simulation of medical devices is constantly evolving, supported by calculation methods now well-established. Implants with simple geometry can often be simulated in a computational human model, but one issue remaining today is the experimental validation of these human models. A great concern is to assess RF heating on implants too complex to be traditionally simulated, like pacemaker leads. Thus, ongoing researches focus on alternative hybrids methods, both numerical and experimental, with for example a transfer function method. For the static field and gradient fields, analytical models can be used for dimensioning simple implants shapes, but limited for complex geometries that cannot be studied with simplifying assumptions.

Conclusions: Numerical simulation is an essential tool for MRI safety testing of medical devices. The main issues remain the accuracy of simulations compared to real life and the studies of complex devices; but as the research field is constantly evolving, some promising ideas are now under investigation to take up the challenges.
Efficient Results in Semantic Interoperability for Health Care
Authors: Charlet J. , Soualmia L. F. ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Knowledge Representation and Management
Published: November 2016

Objectives: To summarize excellent current research in the field of Knowledge Representation and Management (KRM) within the health and medical care domain.

Method: We provide a synopsis of the 2016 IMIA selected articles as well as a related synthetic overview of the current and future field activities. A first step of the selection was performed through MEDLINE querying with a list of MeSH descriptors completed by a list of terms adapted to the KRM section. The second step of the selection was completed by the two section editors who separately evaluated the set of 1,432 articles. The third step of the selection consisted of a collective work that merged the evaluation results to retain 15 articles for peer-review.

Results: The selection and evaluation process of this Yearbook’s section on Knowledge Representation and Management has yielded four excellent and interesting articles regarding semantic interoperability for health care by gathering heterogeneous sources (knowledge and data) and auditing ontologies. In the first article, the authors present a solution based on standards and Semantic Web technologies to access distributed and heterogeneous datasets in the domain of breast cancer clinical trials. The second article describes a knowledge-based recommendation system that relies on ontologies and Semantic Web rules in the context of chronic diseases dietary. The third article is related to concept-recognition and text-mining to derive common human diseases model and a phenotypic network of common diseases. In the fourth article, the authors highlight the need for auditing the SNOMED CT. They propose to use a crowd-based method for ontology engineering.

Conclusions: The current research activities further illustrate the continuous convergence of Knowledge Representation and Medical Informatics, with a focus this year on dedicated tools and methods to advance clinical care by proposing solutions to cope with the problem of semantic interoperability. Indeed, there is a need for powerful tools able to manage and interpret complex, large-scale and distributed datasets and knowledge bases, but also a need for user-friendly tools developed for the clinicians in their daily practice.
Hazai kórházi antibiotikum-alkalmazás az elmúlt két évtizedben (1996–2015)
Authors: Benkő Ria , Matuz Mária , Hajdú Edit , Bor Andrea , Doró Péter , Viola Réka , Soós Gyöngyvér
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Growing bacterial resistance threatens public health, which can be tempered by prudent antibiotic use. Aim: To quantify systemic antibacterial use in Hungarian hospitals. Method: Consumption data were analysed using the Anatomical-Therapeutic-Chemical – Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) methodology. Data were standardized for patient turnover and also for population to enable international benchmarking. Results: Hospital antibiotic use was quite constant (22.4 ± 1.5 DDD/100 patient-days), but its composition changed substantially. The use of parenteral products rose gradually (in 1996 26.4% and in 2015 41.6%). The pattern of use was homogenised due to the headway of co-amoxiclav use. A substantial increase of fluoroquinolone (2.3 vs. 4.2 DDD/100 patient-days) and third generation cephalosporin (1.0 vs. 2.9 DDD/100 patient-days) use was detected. In parallel the use of narrow spectra penicillins diminished. Conclusion: Hungarian hospital antibiotic use is low. The causes and the justification of this low use together with the internationally outstanding use of certain antibacterials should be addressed in future studies. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(46), 1839–1846.
Emlőtumor intracranialis metasztázisainak eredményes szisztémás palliatív kemoterápiája
Authors: Sipőcz István , Pintér Tamás , Skaliczky Zoltán , Kullmann Tamás
Published: November 2016

The authors present the history of two patients. The first patient, a 69-year-old woman was diagnosed with locally invasive triple negative breast cancer with pulmonary and cerebral metastases. Complete radiological remission of the clinically asymptomatic cerebral metastases was detected under systemic chemotherapy with carboplatin-docetaxel (75 mg/m2). Later, the patient received whole brain radiotherapy and a second line of chemotherapy. The overall survival was 20 months from the diagnosis of cerebral metastases with conservation of partial autonomy. The second patient, a 57-year-old woman was diagnosed as having hormone sensitive lobular breast cancer with leptomeningeal, lymphonodular and multiple osseal metastases. Before the appearance of the lymphonodular metastasis the patient received intrathecal methotrexate chemotherapy for the leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Her neurological symptoms completely disappeared. At the onset of the lymphonodular metastasis systemic chemotherapy with ifosfamide (1000 mg/m2, D1–3) – etoposide (100 mg/m2, D1–3) was started allowing complete clinical remission of the lymphadenomegaly and stability of the asymptomatic neurological status. The overall survival was 13 months from the diagnosis of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis with conservation of autonomy. The two cases support potential efficacy of systemic chemotherapy for intracranial metastases of breast cancer. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(45), 1809–1813.
A hepatocellularis carcinoma előfordulása és kezelésének tanulságai az északkelet-magyarországi régióban
Authors: Papp Renáta , Papp Mária , Tornai István , Vitális Zsuzsanna
Published: November 2016

Introduction: The increasing incidence and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma places huge burden on healthcare. Aim: After reviewing literature on epidemiological trends, risk factors, diagnosis and management options for hepatocellular carcinoma, the authors investigated results of treatment and survival data of patients in Northeastern Hungary. Method: In a retrospective study, the authors analyzed medical records of 187 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (etiology, presence of cirrhosis, stage of the tumor, treatment and disease outcome). Results: Seventy-one patients (38%) had known cirrhosis at the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, while in 52 patients (28%) the presence of cirrhosis was established at the time of the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Fifteen patients (8%) had no cirrhosis and in 49 patients (26%) no data were available regarding cirrhosis. Etiological factors were alcohol consumption (52%), viral hepatitis (41%) and metabolic syndrome (44%). In cases of metabolic syndrome, hepatocellular carcinoma frequently occurred without cirrhosis. In 83% of the cases, the tumor was discovered in an advanced stage. Median survival time was significantly associated with tumor stage (Barcelona A stage vs. B/C vs. D: 829 vs. 387 vs. 137 days, respectively p<0.001) but not with disease etiology (virus 282 days, metabolic syndrome 335 days and alcohol 423 days, p = 0.65). Conclusions: High mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma was mainly attributed to the delayed diagnosis of the disease. Screening of patients with cirrhosis could only result in a partial improvement since in a great proportion cirrhosis was diagnosed simultaneously with the tumor. Screening of diabetic and obese patients by ultrasonography should be considered. Management of baseline liver disease is of importance in the care of hepatocellular carcinoma. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(45), 1793–1801.
Azonnali, postmastectomiás emlőrekonstrukciókkal szerzett tapasztalatok. Száz eset klinikopatológiai utánkövetése és a kozmetikai eredmények felmérése
Authors: Pukancsik Dávid , Kelemen Péter , Sávolt Ákos , Újhelyi Mihály , Kovács Eszter , Zaka Zoltán , Kásler Miklós , Mátrai Zoltán
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Immediate breast reconstruction provides oncological safety, requires longer operation time. It does not influence the initiation of adjuvant therapy and radiological control, and results in favourable cosmetic outcome. Aim: Assessing the Hungarian data of immediate postmastectomy breast reconstructions, and comparing them to international findings. Method: Between May, 2011 and September, 2014 121 therapeutic and prophylactic, postmastectomy immediate breast reconstructions were performed in 100 patients. The clinico-pathological findings were assessed retrospectively, and surgical, oncological and cosmetic outcomes were evaluated statistically. Results: The mean age of patients was 42.6 years, the follow up time was 29.4 months, and the duration of operation was 132 minutes. Skin-sparing mastectomy was performed most commonly (64%) with submuscular tissue expander placement (70%). Early postoperative complication was identified in 18 patients, and loco-regional recurrence in 1 patient. Most patients (89%) were satisfied with the cosmetic outcome. The average initiation time of adjuvant therapy was 4.8 weeks. Conclusions: Immediate breast reconstruction is a safe and effective option in line with international findings. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(46), 1830–1838.
Quo vadis, hematológia?
Authors: Matula Zsolt , Kudlik Gyöngyi , Urbán S. Veronika , Uher Ferenc
Published: November 2016

For decades, developing hematopoietic cells have been strictly compartmentalized into a small population of multipotent self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells, multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cells that are undergoing commitment to myeloid or lymphoid fates, and unipotent precursor cells that mature towards peripheral blood and immune cells. Recent studies, however, have provided a battery of findings that cannot be explained by this “classical” hierarchical model for the architecture of hematopoiesis. It is emerging that heterogeneous hematopoietic stem cell populations in the bone marrow coexist, each with distinct, preprogrammed differentiation and proliferation behaviors. Three subsets can be distinguished among them: myeloid-biased (α), balanced (β), and lymphoid-biased (γ/δ) hematopoietic stem cells. The ratio of these hematopoietic stem cell subsets is developmentally regulated in the foetal liver and hematopoietic stem cells adult bone marrow, and coordinately gives rise to hematopoiesis. Beta- and γ/δ-hematopoietic stem cells are found predominantly early in the life of an organism, whereas α-hematopoietic stem cells accumulate in aged mice and humans. In addition, new sophisticated genetic experiments in mice have identified a major role of long-lived, committed progenitor cells downstream from hematopoietic stem cells as drivers of normal adult hematopoiesis, and revealed that post-transplantation hematopoiesis differs qualitatively and quantitatively from normal steady-state hematopoiesis. These findings have important implications for understanding in situ the regulation of haematopoiesis in health and disease. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(46), 1819–1829.
Munkahelyi stressz és megküzdési stratégiák vizsgálata földi és légi mentésben dolgozók körében
Authors: Schiszler Bence , Karamánné Pakai Annamária , Szabó Zoltán , Raposa László Bence , Pónusz Róbert , Radnai Balázs , Endrei Dóra
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Among Hungary’s health sector workers the presence of a high level of stress is known, which can affect the individual. Aim: The aim of the authors was to uncover major risk factors causing work-related stress, as well as its extent, and positive and negative coping strategies among ground and aerial rescue workers. Method: From June until October 2015, a national survey was conducted among Hungarian rescue workers. An own questionnaire and Rahe Stress and coping validated short questionnaire online form were used. A total of 141 persons took part in the survey. Results: As compared to air-ambulance workers, ground rescue workers were exposed to higher work-related stress effects (p<0.01), resulting in a much larger variety of physical and psychological symptoms (p<0.05). Based on Global Stress and Coping Index effective coping mechanisms were observed among air rescue workers (p<0.01). Conclusions: It is important to perform regular professional theoretical and practical training. Human resource management should pay attention on occupational stress reduction. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(45), 1802–1808.
Az első 200 transzkatéteres aortabillentyű-implantáció a Gottsegen György Országos Kardiológiai Intézetben
Authors: Fontos Géza , Dékány Gábor , Hegedüs Nikolett , Piróth Zsolt , Amit Kumar Chaurasia , Pál Mátyás , Mandzák Adrienn , Takács Viktor , Varga Andrea , Kovács Attila , Szabó György , Andréka Péter
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is a therapeutic alternative for contraindicated and high surgical risk patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. This intervention is part of daily routine in the Institute of the authors. Aim: In the present work the results of the first 200 patients are discussed. Method: Until January, 2016, 200 patients (female 55%, mean age 79.9 years, average EuroSCORE 19.3%, left ventricular ejection fraction 54%, peak gradient 81.2 mmHg, mean aortic gradient 50.9 mmHg) underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Results: The procedure was performed with 99% success rate. Complications were evaluated according to VARC 2 definitions. Mortality was 5% at one month and 17.4% at one year. Cardiac mortality was 13.6 at one year. Cerebrovascular complications were 5% within one year, and 95% of patients were in NYHA I or II functional classes at one year. Conclusion: These findings are consistent with worldwide results. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(45), 1786–1792.
A psoriasis és az oxidatív stressz
Authors: Péter Iván , Jagicza Anna , Ajtay Zénó , Kiss István , Németh Balázs
Published: November 2016

Psoriasis is among the most common dermatological diseases worldwide. Its significance is emphasized by adverse effects on quality of life, caused by chronic pain, physical and psychical disability due to psoriatic plaques. Besides the development of psoriatic arthritis, which often causes permanent joint damage, former studies revealed an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer. Genetic predisposition and oxidative stress caused by exogenous and endogenous factors can contribute to abnormal differentiation and hyperproliferation of keratinocytes, accordingly the development and maintenance of psoriasis. Moreover, excessive oxidative stress can be responsible for the onset of psoriasis complications. After a brief pathophysiological summary the authors discuss the role of oxidative stress in the development of psoriasis and its complications through several well studied biomarkers (asymmetric dimethylarginine, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase). Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(45), 1781–1785.
A sarcopenia prevalenciája, valamint az egészség- és életmódbeli tényezőkkel való kapcsolata a tartós ellátást nyújtó intézményekben élő idősek körében
Authors: Kovács Éva , Jónásné Sztruhár Izabella , Asiama Evelyn , Karóczi Csilla Kata , Gondos Tibor
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Earlier studies dealing with sarcopenia were conducted among community-living or hospitalized older adults; however, to date, study focusing on older adults living in institutions providing long-term care is lacking. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of sarcopenia and its associations with lifestyle and health factors among older people living in institutions providing long-term care. Method: Two hundred five individuals participated in the study. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on muscle mass, muscle strength and functional performance. The independent variables were functional mobility, protein intake, smoking, current physical activity, and physical activity when middle-aged, multimorbidity, and falls in the previous year. Univariate models and a multivariate model were used to assess associations. Results: In total 73 participants had sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was associated with smoking, multimorbidity, physically active lifestyle when middle aged, and functional mobility. Conclusion: This study showed that lifestyle factors and health condition have important roles in the prevalence of sarcopenia. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(46), 1847–1853.
Synthesis of Co–TiO2 nanostructured photocatalytic coatings for MDF substrates
Authors: Giampiccolo Andrea , Ansell Martin P. , Tobaldi David Maria , Ball Richard J.
Published: November 2016

This paper describes for the first time the development of novel photocatalytic coatings specifically for medium-density fibreboard (MDF) substrates. Anatase nanostructures were manufactured using a sol–gel synthesis route and subsequently heat-treated to form micro-sized agglomerates. In this study titanium dioxide particles were doped with cobalt in order to reduce the band gap and promote photocatalysis in the visible wavelength range. These agglomerates were then bound to MDF using a polyurethane-based binder. The subsequent coatings were tested under white, green and ultraviolet light using ink intelligent photoactive dyes in a gaseous environment and methylene blue indicator in an aqueous environment. Manufactured particles were also compared to the commercially available products P25 and Kronoclean 7000. The physical and chemical properties of the manufactured particles and substrates were evaluated using electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. This work demonstrates the performance of photocatalytic coatings applied to MDF.
Datos ambientales de impacto: el rol del gobierno local en el monitoreo ambiental comunitario
Authors: Mulbry Rachel
Published: November 2016

Reconociendo la importancia de la participación ciudadana en temas ambientales, este trabajo busca entender las implicaciones de la participación de otros actores – específicamente entidades de gobierno local – dentro de procesos de monitoreo ambiental participativo en Ecuador. La literatura le otorga atención a los grupos no gubernamentales, pero ensombrece la conexión entre la producción de datos y las circunstancias que facilitan su uso para informar las políticas públicas. Se concluye que la participación de las entidades de gobierno local en el monitoreo puede ayudar a mejorar el diseño de los proyectos, su implementación y el uso de los datos para informar decisiones locales. Sin embargo, factores como la intensidad y el cronograma del involucramiento de los gobiernos locales, como también la duración del monitoreo, delimitan el impacto potencial. Un análisis de cuatro proyectos de monitoreo ambiental participativo en Ecuador destaca los logros facilitados por la participación gubernamental, y retos como la sustentabilidad del monitoreo y la relevancia de la interpretación de los datos para el contexto local. Al situar estos casos dentro de un contexto internacional que valora la transparencia y participación, se visibiliza la necesidad de investigar las dinámicas que facilitan la producción y uso de datos ambientales de impacto.
The medial tibial stress syndrome score: item generation for a new patient reported outcome measure
Authors: Winters M
Published: November 2016

Background: There is no valid and reliable instrument thatevaluates injury severity and treatment effects for medial tibialstress syndrome (MTSS) patients.Objective: The aim was to generate items for the MTSS score, anew patient-reported outcome measure for patients with MTSS.Methods: The authors consulted experts in the field of MTSS togenerate items that measure the severity of MTSS and to reachconsensus on the relevance of items for the MTSS score. Thisresearch consisted of a pilot study and two Delphi rounds. TheDelphi approach entails the consultation of experts about a topicfor which no evidence is available during which consensus issought on this topic. Additionally, 20 MTSS patients appraisedthe MTSS score on readability and comprehension.Results: Nineteen experts consented to participate, 13 of whomreached consensus. Generated items address the followingdomains: ‘limitation in sporting activities’, ‘pain while performingsporting activities’, ‘pain while performing activities of dailyliving’ and ‘pain at rest’. Patients with MTSS confirmed the goodreadability and comprehension of the items.Conclusion: This study supports the importance of items in theaforementioned domains while evaluating treatment effects inpatients with MTSS.
Differences in Itself: Redefining Disability through Dance
Authors: Hermans Carolien
Published: November 2016

This paper brings together two different terms: dance and disability. This encounter between dance and disability might be seen as an unusual, even conflicting, one since dance is traditionally dominated by aesthetic virtuosity and perfect, idealized bodies which are under optimized bodily control. However, recently there has been a growing desire within dance communities and professional dance companies to challenge binary thinking (beautiful-ugly, perfect-imperfect, valid-invalid, success-failure) by incorporating an aesthetic of difference. The traditional focus of dance on appearance (shape, technique, virtuosity) is replaced by a focus on how movement is connected to a sense of self. This notion of the subjective body not only applies to the dancer's body but also to disabled bodies. Instead of thinking of a body as a thing, an object (Körper) that is defined by its physical appearance, dance is more and more seduced by the body as we sense it, feel it and live it (Leib). This conceptual shift in dance is illustrated by a theoretical analysis of The Cost of Living, a dance film produced by DV8.
Кафедра социологии Московского гуманитарного университета
Authors: Ковалева Антонина Ивановна , Луков Валерий Андреевич
Published: November 2016

В статье анализируется вклад кафедры социологии в развитие научной школы социологии молодежи Московского гуманитарного университета, рассматриваются основные теоретические концепции, разработанные преподавателями кафедры, их участие в исследовательских проектах, в том числе поддержанных российскими научными фондами (РГНФ, РФФИ, Роснаука) и международными организациями (ЮНЕСКО, ЮНИСЕФ).
Гендерные стереотипы как предмет дискуссии студенческой молодежи
Authors: Селиверстова Нина Анатольевна
Published: November 2016

В статье рассматривается опыт организации практических занятий по теме «Культура как фактор социальных изменений» в рамках вузовской дисциплины «Социология». В ходе занятий преподаватель фиксирует изменение гендерных стереотипов в отношении социальных ролей женщины и мужчины. 
Специфика трудовой адаптации российской молодежи
Authors: Ромашова Людмила Олеговна
Published: November 2016

В статье рассматривается проблема адаптации на рынке труда российской молодежи. Раскрывается содержание понятия трудовой адаптации, проанализированы ее разновидности. 
Социальный портрет работающего студента
Authors: Короткова Марина Сергеевна
Published: November 2016

В статье анализируются вопросы вторичной занятости студентов, объективные и субъективные причины подработки, основные сферы студенческой трудовой деятельности, преимущества и недостатки совмещения работы и учебы. На основе различий в мотивации выделяются разнообразные категории работающих студентов, тенденции в развитии студенческой занятости. 
Молодежь и безработица: ситуация в мире
Authors: Вирина Ирина Владимировна
Published: November 2016

В статье рассмотрены проблемы занятости и безработицы молодежи. Выявлены и обоснованы глобальные тенденции безработицы молодежи. Проанализированы актуальные показатели безработицы, показаны меры по решению проблемы трудоустройства и обеспечения конкурентоспособности молодежи.
Серебряный век и русское кино эпохи авангарда
Authors: Попова Лиана Владимировна
Published: November 2016

В статье исследуется русский кинематограф как наследие культуры Серебряного века, как сочетание «духа пластики» и «духа музыки», аполлонического и дионисийского. 
The Effect of TrainingIndividuals with Mild Intellectual Disability in Scaffolding Strategiesand Computer softwareon Their Generalization Skills
Authors: Jalloul Farah , ELDaou Badrie
Published: November 2016

The study aimed at investigating the effect of scaffolding strategies as thinking out loud and verbalization of instructions strategies on the generalization skills of language-related concepts in mildly intellectual disabled students. Twenty-seven subjects in three treatments were trained in solving a pattern of the Thurston letter series task. Group1 students received language concepts through training in verbal instructions and thinking out loud strategy.  Group 2 students received language concepts training through computers. Group 3 students received training in language concepts through thinking out loud, verbal instructions and computer software. Pre-training measures to subjects’ chronological age, Verbal Analogies Test and training trials were collected. Training measures pertaining to acquisition, maintenance and generalization of pattern completion tasks were collected. Mean scores and standard deviations were obtained for each dependent measure. The treatment effect was studied by a series of one way ANOVAS and a tukey post hoc test, which revealed that there was a significant difference between group1 and group 2, since the difference between the means (m1- m3) = -2.556 and p= 0.000. Also, the difference is shown between group 2 and group 3 since the difference between the means (m2- m3) = -2.333 and p= 0.000 and in both cases p is less than 0.05. Moreover, group 3 had a higher mean (M= 3.89) than group2 (M= 1.56) and group1 (M= 1.33). Group 3 had the ability to become self –regulated by solving the untrained letter patterns. Thus, we can conclude that training in scaffolding strategies, such as thinking out loud and verbalization of instruction strategies, helped individuals with an intellectual disability to acquire metacognitive strategies. This enabled them to generalize the learning experience and become self-regulated and better problem solvers. Also, using a computer program promoted the use of metacognitive strategies. Once students internalize target strategies, they can transfer these to second language patterns; therefore, it enhances the generalization of learning individuals with an intellectual disability. Recommendations for further research were discussed. Keywords:Metacognitive strategies; Intellectual disability; Language  related- concepts; Thinking out loud; computer training; verbal instructions, scaffolding strategy.
Economía política y métodos de avalúo del suelo
Authors: Pérez Torres Francisco José
Published: November 2016

Land is a key factor for urban planning and is a basic input for any housing and construction policy in public spaces. This requires the utmost rigor in the scientific perception, instruments and methods that are appropriate for determining the price of urban land. Before presenting and discussing these aspects, this article examines the arguments of classical and neoclassical economic theory that explain the principles of studying valuations as part of a theoretical conception of economical sciences. This review stresses poorly understood notions, such as this: the price of land is not established in the production process and it is not produced like any other commodity, since its existence comes from processes of higher productivity and resource ownership that makes a difference in productivity in a market where the worst production conditions regulate prices in short, it is the market and not land ownership what defines land prices, consistent with the valuation of utility in the production process of built environments.