bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of forcing differences and initial conditions on inter-model agreement in the VolMIP volc-pinatubo-full experiment
Authors: Zanchettin Davide , Timmreck Claudia , Khodri Myriam , Schmidt Anja , Toohey Matthew , Abe Manabu , Bekki Slimane , Cole Jason , Fang Shih-Wei , Feng Wuhu , Hegerl Gabriele , Johnson Ben , Lebas Nicolas , LeGrande Allegra N. , Mann Graham W. , Marshall Lauren , Rieger Landon , Robock Alan , Rubinetti Sara , Tsigaridis Kostas , Weierbach Helen
Published: November 2021

Abstract. This paper provides initial results from a multi-model ensemble analysis based on the volc-pinatubo-full experiment performed within the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to volcanic forcing (VolMIP) as part of the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The volc-pinatubo-full experiment is based on ensemble of volcanic forcing-only climate simulations with the same volcanic aerosol dataset across the participating models (the 1991–1993 Pinatubo period from the CMIP6-GloSSAC dataset). The simulations are conducted within an idealized experimental design where initial states are sampled consistently across models from the CMIP6-piControl simulation providing unperturbed pre-industrial background conditions. The multi-model ensemble includes output from an initial set of six participating Earth system models (CanESM5, GISS-E2.1-G, IPSL-CM6A-LR, MIROC-E2SL, MPI-ESM1.2-LR and UKESM1). The results show overall good agreement between the different models on the global and hemispheric scale concerning the surface climate responses, thus demonstrating the overall effectiveness of VolMIP’s experimental design. However, small yet significant inter-model discrepancies are found in radiative fluxes especially in the tropics, that preliminary analyses link with minor differences in forcing implementation, model physics, notably aerosol-radiation interactions, the simulation and sampling of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and, possibly, the simulation of climate feedbacks operating in the tropics. We discuss the volc-pinatubo-full protocol and highlight the advantages of volcanic forcing experiments defined within a carefully designed protocol with respect to emerging modeling approaches based on large ensemble transient simulations. We identify how the VolMIP strategy could be improved in future phases of the initiative to ensure a cleaner sampling protocol with greater focus on the evolving state of ENSO in the pre-eruption period.
The Mesoamerican mid-summer drought: the impact of its definition on occurrences and recent changes
Authors: Maurer Edwin P. , Stewart Iris T. , Joseph Kenneth , Hidalgo Hugo G.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The mid-summer drought, veranillo or canícula, is a phenomenon experienced in many areas, including Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. It generally is experienced as reduced rainfall in July–August, in the middle of the typical rainy season (May–September). Many past studies have attempted to quantify changes in mid-summer drought characteristics during the recent past or for future climate projections. To do this, objective definitions of a mid-summer drought’s occurrence, strength and duration have been developed by many researchers. In this effort we adopt a recent set of definitions and examine the impact of varying these on the characterization of mid-summer droughts and the detected changes over the past four decades. We find the selection of a minimum intensity threshold has a dramatic effect on the results of both the area considered as experiencing a mid-summer drought and the changes detected in the recent historical record. The intensity chosen can affect both the magnitude and direction of changes reported in the recent observed record. Further, we find that the typical mid-summer drought pattern may not be occurring during the time it has historically; whether examining past or future changes or developing improved seasonal forecasts, the non-stationarity of its timing should be accommodated.
Flood forecasting with machine learning models in an operational framework
Authors: Nevo Sella , Morin Efrat , Gerzi Rosenthal Adi , Metzger Asher , Barshai Chen , Weitzner Dana , Voloshin Dafi , Kratzert Frederik , Elidan Gal , Dror Gideon , Begelman Gregory , Nearing Grey , Shalev Guy , Noga Hila , Shavitt Ira , Yuklea Liora , Royz Moriah , Giladi Niv , Peled Levi Nofar , Reich Ofir , Gilon Oren , Maor Ronnie , Timnat Shahar , Shechter Tal , Anisimov Vladimir , Gigi Yotam , Levin Yuval , Moshe Zach , Ben-Haim Zvika , Hassidim Avinatan , Matias Yossi
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Google’s operational flood forecasting system was developed to provide accurate real-time flood warnings to agencies and the public, with a focus on riverine floods in large, gauged rivers. It became operational in 2018 and has since expanded geographically. This forecasting system consists of four subsystems: data validation, stage forecasting, inundation modeling, and alert distribution. Machine learning is used for two of the subsystems. Stage forecasting is modeled with the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks and the Linear models. Flood inundation is computed with the Thresholding and the Manifold models, where the former computes inundation extent and the latter computes both inundation extent and depth. The Manifold model, presented here for the first time, provides a machine-learning alternative to hydraulic modeling of flood inundation. When evaluated on historical data, all models achieve sufficiently high-performance metrics for operational use. The LSTM showed higher skills than the Linear model, while the Thresholding and Manifold models achieved similar performance metrics for modeling inundation extent. During the 2021 monsoon season, the flood warning system was operational in India and Bangladesh, covering flood-prone regions around rivers with a total area of 287,000 km2, home to more than 350M people. More than 100M flood alerts were sent to affected populations, to relevant authorities, and to emergency organizations. Current and future work on the system includes extending coverage to additional flood-prone locations, as well as improving modeling capabilities and accuracy.
Mid-term clinical results of chronic cavitary long bone osteomyelitis treatment using S53P4 bioactive glass: a multi-center study
Authors: Van Vugt Tom A. G. , Heidotting Jeffrey , Arts Jacobus J. , Ploegmakers Joris J. W. , Jutte Paul C. , Geurts Jan A. P.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Introduction: Chronic osteomyelitis is a challenging condition in the orthopedic practice and traditionally treated using local and systemic antibiotics in a two-stage surgical procedure. With the introduction of the antimicrobial biomaterial S53P4 bioactive glass (Bonalive®), chronic osteomyelitis can be treated in a one-stage procedure. This study evaluated the mid-term clinical results of patients treated with S53P4 bioactive glass for long bone chronic osteomyelitis. Methods: In this prospective multi-center study, patients from two different university medical centers in the Netherlands were included. One-stage treatment consisted of debridement surgery, implantation of S53P4 bioactive glass, and treatment with culture-based systemic antibiotics. If required, wound closure by a plastic surgeon was performed. The primary outcome was the eradication of infection, and a secondary statistical analysis was performed on probable risk factors for treatment failure. Results: In total, 78 patients with chronic cavitary long bone osteomyelitis were included. Follow-up was at least 12 months (mean 46; standard deviation, SD, 20), and 69 patients were treated in a one-stage procedure. Overall infection eradication was 85 %, and 1-year infection-free survival was 89 %. Primary closure versus local/muscular flap coverage is the only risk factor for treatment failure. Conclusion: With 85 % eradication of infection, S53P4 bioactive glass is an effective biomaterial in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis in a one-stage procedure. A major risk factor for treatment failure is the necessity for local/free muscle flap coverage. These results confirm earlier published data, and together with the fundamentally different antimicrobial pathways without antibiotic resistance, S53P4 bioactive glass is a recommendable biomaterial for chronic osteomyelitis treatment and might be beneficial over other biomaterials.
Brief communication: Seismological analysis of flood dynamics and hydrologically-triggered earthquake swarms associated with storm Alex
Authors: Chmiel Małgorzata , Godano Maxime , Piantini Marco , Brigode Pierre , Gimbert Florent , Bakker Maarten , Courboulex Françoise , Ampuero Jean-Paul , Rivet Diane , Sladen Anthony , Ambrois David , Chapuis Margot
Published: November 2021

Abstract. On October 2, 2020, the Maritime Alps in southern France were struck by the devastating storm Alex that caused locally more than 600 mm of rain in less than 24 hours. The extreme rainfall and flooding destroyed regional rain and stream gauges. That hinders our understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of rainfall-runoff processes during the storm. Here, we show that seismological observations from permanent seismic stations constrain these processes at a catchment scale. The analysis of seismic power, peak frequency, and backazimuth provide us with the timing and velocity of the propagation of flash-flood waves associated with bedload-dominated phases of the flood on the Vésubie river. Moreover, the combined short-term average to long-term average ratio and template matching earthquake detection reveal that 114 local earthquakes between local magnitude ML = −0.5 and ML = 2 were triggered by the hydrological loading and/or the resulting in-situ underground pore pressure increase. This study shows the impact of storm Alex on the Earth’s surface and deep layer processes and paves the way to future works that can reveal further details of these processes.
Brief communication: An innovation-based estimation method for model error covariance in Kalman filters
Authors: Bach Eviatar , Ghil Michael
Published: November 2021

Abstract. We present a simple innovation-based model error covariance estimation method for Kalman filters. The method is based on Berry and Sauer (2013) and the simplification results from assuming known observation error covariance. We carry out experiments with a prescribed model error covariance using a Lorenz (1996) model and ensemble Kalman filter. The prescribed error covariance matrix is recovered with high accuracy.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH BERBANTUAN LKPD DAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MEMECAHKAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VI SD
Authors: Juhaeriah Diah , Hidayat Sholeh , Sudrajat Ajat
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah berbantuan LKPD dan kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap kemampuan memecahkan masalah matematika siswa kelas VI Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain faktorial 2 2. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VI SDN Sangiang 2 berjumlah 60 orang siswa, sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik random yang berjumlah 30 orang siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes berupa soal uraian. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik dengan teknik anova dua jalur. Berdasarkan hasil penghitungan didapatkan hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: (1) Terdapat perbedaan kemampuan memecahkan masalah matematika antara siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah berbantuan LKPD dan yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah tanpa bantuan LKPD. Hal ini didasarkan dari uji coba statistik anova dua jalur yang menyatakan bahwa signifikansi untuk kategori pembelajaran berbasis masalah   berbantuan LKPD, (2) Terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dan kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap kemampuan memecahkan masalah matematika siswa kelas VI SD, (3) terdapat perbedaan kemampuan memecahkan masalah matematika antara siswa yang memilki kemampuan berpikir kritis tinggi yang dibelajarkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah menggunakan LKPD dan tanpa menggunakan LKPD, dan (4) terdapat perbedaan kemampuan memecahkan masalah matematika antara siswa yang memilki kemampuan berpikir kritis rendah yang dibelajarkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah menggunakan LKPD dan tanpa menggunakan LKPD. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah menyatakan bahwa ada pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dan kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap kemampuan memecahkan masalah matematika siswa kelas VI Sekolah Dasar.
PEMANFAATAN PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 OLEH GURU PPKN KELAS XI IPA III DAN IV SMA NEGERI 1 SUNGAI RAYA KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA
Authors: Nurjanah Nurjanah , Syamsuri Syamsuri , Purnama Shilmy
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pemanfaatan pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi covid-19 oleh guru PPKn kelas XI IPA III dan IV SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Raya Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan bentuk penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah 2 orang guru PPKn dan 1 orang kepala sekolah. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik komunikasi secara langsung, teknik observasi, dan teknik dokumentasi. Sedangkan alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah pedoman wawancara, dan alat dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian pemanfaatan pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi covid-19 oleh guru PPKn kelas XI IPA III dan IV SMA Negeri Satu Sungai Raya Kabupaten Kubu Raya sudah terlaksana dengan baik. Hal ini di buktikan dengan peran guru PPKn kelas XI IPA III dan IV proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran menggunakan google meet, classroom, dan Whatsapp group.
ANALISIS KEPUASAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN DARING SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID -19
Authors: Yunita Nourma , Putri Lidia Aditama
Published: November 2021

Persebaran virus corona di berbagai negara membuat perubahan perubahan besar, seperti bidang ekonomi, teknologi dan tidak terkecuali pada bidang pendidikan. Pandemi Covid-19 memaksa kebijakan social distancing. Pemerintah pusat hingga daerah mengeluarkan kebijakan untuk meliburkan seluruh lembaga pendidikan. Kebijakan lockdown atau karantina dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi interaksi dengan banyak orang yang dapat memberi akses penyebaran virus tersebut. Kebijakan belajar dari rumah mengakibatkan pembelajaran harus dilaksanakan secara daring. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui analisis kepuasan orang tua wali murid terhadap pembelajaran daring selama masa pandemi Covid -19 di RA Al-Akbar Surabaya. Metode penelitian dengan Pendekatan kuantitatif dan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah wali murid RA Al-Akbar Surabaya sebanyak 165. Sampel diambil berdasarkan menggunakan sistem random (acak) sampling, yaitu pengambilan sampel secara acak sehingga didapatkan sampel sejumlah 131 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan google form. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis dengan cara memetakan distribusi frekuensi pada aspek-aspek kepuasan. Hasil Penelitian ini memiliki nilai rata-rata kepuasan wali siswa terhadap pembelajaran daring selama pandemi Covid-19 di RA Al-Akbar Surabaya adalah sebesar 52,85%. Rata-rata tingkat penilaian kenyataan layanan pembelajaran daring selama masa pandemic covid adalah 2,04 (Cukup Memuaskan) sedangkan tingkat harapannya adalah 3,86 (Penting). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa lebih dari 50 % wali murid di RA Al-Akbar Surabaya merasa puas terhadap pembelajaran daring selama pandemi pandemi covid.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN DIGITAL BERBASIS E-LEARNING PADA MATAKULIAH PERAKITAN KOMPUTER DI STKIP MUHAMMADIYAH MUARA BUNGO
Authors: Fauziah Fauziah , Muthmainah Nafsul
Published: November 2021

Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang sangat cepat pada Era Revolusi industri 4.0 juga berdampak pada dunia Pendidikan. Adanya pandemi covid 19 mengakibatkan proses pembelajaran tatap muka tidak dapat dilakukan secara langsung, Sehingga proses pembelajaran Dalam Jaringan (Daring) harus dilakukan. Pembelajaran daring yang dilaksanakan mengalami banyak kendala salah satunya belum adanya modul pembelajaran yang secara khusus dirancang untuk pembelajaran daring. Tujuan penelitian ini menghasilkan modul pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran melalui E-Learning. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan Research and Development (R&D). Model pengembangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model 4-D (Four D-Model), yang terdiri atas 4 tahap utama yaitu, Define (pendefinisian), Design (perancangan), Develop (pengembangan) dan Disseminate (penyebaran). Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi (PTI) pada semester 2 genap di STKIP Muhammadiyah Muara Bungo tahun 2020/2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah total sampling. Hasil analisis uji validitas kepada ahli media diperoleh rata-rata aspek sebesar 0,875>0,667,  hasil validasi dengan ahli materi diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 0,885>0,667. Hasil analisis data pre-test dan post-test pada taraf signifikansi 0,05 diperoleh nilai normalitas sebesar 0,163. Maka data dinyatakan berdistribusi normal.  Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji homogenitis diperoleh taraf signifikansi nilai pre-test dan post-test sebesar 0,836>0,05, artinya data pre-test dan post-test memiliki varian yang sama.  Sedangkan untuk menentukan besarnya pengaruh menggunakan modul pembelajaran melalui e-learning didapatkan nilai effect size sebesar 3,01 dengan kategori besar, dengan demikian modul pembelajaran melalui e-learning berpengaruh terhadap pembelajaran. Hasil uji efektivitas motivasi diproleh rata-rata sebesar 85,86% sehingga modul pembelajaran melalui e-learning termasuk pada kategori efektif dilihat dari segi motivasi belajar mahasiswa
La (re)presentación del periodista en Twitter: claves para la construcción de la identidad digital profesional
Authors: Pérez-Díaz Pedro Luis , Planes Pedreño José Antonio
Published: November 2021

Esta investigación examina la presentación de sí mismos que realizan los profesionales del periodismo en sus perfiles de Twitter. A partir del enfoque dramatúrgico de la interacción social planteado por Erving Goffman (1971), diseñamos un análisis de contenido que se aplica a un censo de 1.207 cuentas de Twitter pertenecientes a periodistas que trabajan para cuatro diarios españoles líderes: dos de matriz impresa (El País y El Mundo) y dos nativos digitales (Eldiario.es y ElConfidencial.com). La construcción identitaria estudiada fue dividida en dimensiones profesionales, personales, interactivas y de actividad. Nuestras conclusiones respaldan que los periodistas muestran aspectos profesionales por encima de los íntimos, una ‘apariencia’ que contribuye a una clara identificación ocupacional. Aunque sus ‘modales’ participativos resultan limitados, la ‘actuación’ descrita por las interdependencias entre sus métricas de actividad social –antigüedad en la red social, número de seguidores, seguidos, publicaciones o ‘me gusta’– atesora relevancia para delimitar las oportunidades de interacción con la audiencia activa.
Cuando Netflix mató (definitivamente) a la televisión de calidad: Un análisis de las tramas y los nudos de acción en sus pilotos originales de drama (2014-2018)
Authors: Pérez Morán Ernesto
Published: November 2021

La irrupción de Netflix como productora de ficción televisiva cumplía cinco años en 2018. Un primer lustro marcado por la abundancia de acercamientos por parte de los estudiosos y por la asunción de que el famoso algoritmo que maneja la empresa, así como la minuciosa labor de etiquetar las series a través de categorías conceptuales con el fin de estar en mejor posición para juzgar lo que quiere su público, han llevado a una producción uniforme. En otras palabras, que la cultura del algoritmo deviene en productos muy similares que van repitiéndose una y otra vez para satisfacer al suscriptor. Tras dos años analizando los dramas producidos por Netflix bajo la etiqueta ‘Netflix Originals’ esa homogeneidad no se advierte en las formas de escribir y las estructuras manejadas. Por el contrario, lo que sí sorprende es que los guiones de la productora se asemejan más a los de una cadena en abierto que a los de una plataforma de pago.
Protocolo de análisis para evaluar la experiencia de búsqueda en medios digitales
Authors: Lopezosa Carlos , Codina Lluís , Freixa Pere
Published: November 2021

El Protocolo de Análisis de la eXperiencia de Búsqueda en CiberMedios (PAXBCM) tiene como objetivo proporcionar un procedimiento detallado y con las mejores condiciones de operatividad posibles para el análisis de la Search eXperience Optimization, o SXO en medios de comunicación digitales. Este sistema de análisis se basa en la identificación y  operacionalización de  los indicadores obtenidos previamente  gracias a una revisión sistematizada y un análisis comparativo. Después de una versión inicial de indicadores, de su aplicación a un conjunto de sitios web y de su posterior refinamiento se obtuvieron los indicadores que se presentan ahora. El PAXBCM puede actuar como un protocolo completo porque está compuesto por una parte conceptual, establece formalmente sus fundamentos, comprende una parte procedimental y presenta sus indicadores para la toma de datos mediante un sistema de fichas sistemáticas que asegura la plena operatividad de los mismos.
#EsteVirusloParamosUnidos: War-like political communication on Twitter. Creating homogeneous communities in the Covid-19 crisis
Authors: Tous-Rovirosa Anna , Dergacheva Daria
Published: November 2021

This article analyses the political communication on Twitter of the Government of Spain at the height of the Covid-19 pandemic. The #estevirusloparamosunidos campaign on Twitter is monitored during the dates with the worst results in terms of fatalities (March 31th- April, 4th, 2020). The sample included in total 398 523 tweets in four data sets. Through the Social Network Analysis, the main actors and the main interactions between users are identified. The research shows a high coincidence between the typology of the Press Conference Spokespersons and the main actors on the analyzed hashtag, prioritizing the Spanish Administration and the Armed Forces. There was also a high relationship of the main opinion leaders with their “natural spectrum”. We conclude that in this hashtag there was a “war-like” atmosphere. Via the computer-based text analysis we identify that the word ‘government’ was mentioned more than medical words and that there are present some military-like terms.
Rigor periodístico y regularidad como claves del éxito de los periodistas españoles en YouTube
Authors: Blanco Sonia , Palomo Bella
Published: November 2021

El desafío que plantea YouTube en la prensa no solo afecta a las empresas sino también a los profesionales, especialmente a los más jóvenes, que han visto cómo tenían que prepararse para una nueva audiencia en la era de los medios digitales (Newman et al., 2019). Tras un estudio preliminar sobre la presencia de periodistas en YouTube (Blanco y Palomo, 2019), esta investigación analiza cómo se desenvuelven aquellos profesionales que desarrollan contenidos en la plataforma. Para ello, se realizan nueve entrevistas en profundidad con los periodistas más exitosos para entender cómo interactúan con sus audiencias, y se actualizan los datos recogidos para medir la evolución de sus canales. Los resultados concluyen que, a pesar del bajo número de iniciativas individuales en YouTube, quienes trabajan su canal con rigor, a largo plazo y de forma constante logran un importante crecimiento de hasta siete veces en el número de visitas.
Cyclopia - A Rare Lethal Malformation
Authors: Agarwalla Sunil Kumar , Patra Upasana
Published: November 2021

Cyclopia is the rare manifestation of most severe degree of alobar holoprosencephaly1. Its most cardinal feature is presence of single eye or partially divided eye in a single socket at mid face with varying degrees of fusion of globes. The teratogenic factors leading to this anomaly include genetics, drugs, infection, radiation. Very few reports have documented this anomaly in newborn. Hence we present a case of stillborn baby of cyclopia with synophthalmia to a 27 year old woman who presented in second stage of labour with USG showing placenta previa. Early prenatal diagnosis, genetic study and proper management of this anomaly should be emphasized for better outcome in future.

Key words: cyclopia; holoprosencephaly; teratogenic; synophthalmia; prenatal diagnosis.
The Role of Management Competency in Moderating Organizational Cultural Relations to LPD Performance in Bali Province
Authors: Giri Ni Putu Rediatni , Sudarmini Ketut , Ganawati Nengah
Published: November 2021

This study examines the role of management competence in moderating the relationship between organizational culture and LPD performance. It is hoped that with this model, LPD can optimize everything related to organizational culture and management competence so that it can have positive implications for improving organizational performance. The population of this research is LPD registered and still active in Denpasar City and Badung Regency. The sampling method in this study used the saturated sampling method with a total of 157 samples. This study uses the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis tool with the SmartPLS version 3.2.9 program used to test the hypothesis.

Keywords: Organizational Culture, Management Competence, Organizational Performance.
Inflammatory changes in the placenta in ischemic-cervical insufficiency
Authors: Dolgushina V. F. , Alikhanova E. S. , Astashkina M. V. , Smolnikova L. A.
Published: November 2021

Introduction.The high frequency of inflammatory changin the placenta in isthmic-cervical insufficiency may be primarily associated with an ascending infection as a result of a violation of the barrier function of the cervix, however, premature remodeling of the cervix may also be secondary due to an already existing process. The study of the features of the spread of the infectious process and thnature of the inflammatory reaction in various structures of the placenta and fetal membranes can contribute to the understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms of preterm birth in isthmic-crvical insufficiency.Aim of the study— to evaluate the frequency and structure of inflammatory changes in the placenta in women with isthmic-cervical insufficiency.Materials and methods.A prospective cohort study was conduct, which included 154 pregnant women taken by the continuous sampling method. All patients were divided into two groups: group 1 consisted of 100 pregnant women with isthmic-cervical insufficiency, group 2 — pregnant women without isthmic-cervical insufficiency. All women after childbirth underwent a pathomorphological examination of the afterbirth.Results and discussion.In women with isthmic-cervical insufficiency, inflamatory changes in the placenta were detected in 71% (71) of cases, which was significantly more frequent compared to group 2 — 38.9% (21). Membranitis was significantly more frequent in isthmic-cervical insufficiency, amounting to 16% (16) versus 3.7% (2) comparison group (OR=4.32, 95% СI=1.03-18.09, p=0.023). Chorioamnionitis was 6 times more common in the afterbirth in women of group 1, accounting for 12% (12), versus 1.9% (1) in group 2 (OR=6.48, 95% CI=0.87-48.51, p=0.031). Involvement of the umbilical cord in the inflammatory process occurred only in pregnant women with isthmic-cervical insufficiency: funiculitis was combined with membranitis in 4% (4) of cases (p=0.137), the combination of funiculitis with choriomnionitis was detcted in 7% (7) of women p=0.047).Conclusion.The frequencof detection of inflammatory changes in the placenta in ICN was 71% (71). In the structure of inflammatory changes of the afterbirth in patients with ICN, the defeat of the fetal membranes prevails, which may indicate a predominatly ascending path of infection in this pathology. Damage membranes prevails, which may indicate a predominatly ascending path of infection in this pathology. Damage to the umbilical cord in ICN can occur both wth total inflammation of all structures of the placenta, and directly through the fetal membranes, without involving the chorion in the process.
Possibilities of bioimpedance method of investigation of elderly patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Kirillova V. V. , Sokolova L. A. , Meshchaninov V. N. , Myakothyh V. S.
Published: November 2021

Introduction.Diagnostics of congestive events in chronic heart failure (CHF) in elderly people is increasingly relevant due to the general aging of the population, which determines the search for new research methods.The aimis to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of bioimpedance method in determining the severity of congestion in elderly patients with CHF.Materials and methods.86 elderly patients with CHF of different clinical stages were examined, 36.0% of them were burdened with varicose vein disease of the lower limbs. Total body water content was assessed by active impedance at 50 kHz, extracellular fluid content — at 5 kHz.Results.Active resistance at 50 kHz in patients with CHF II B was 473.92±29.39, with CHF II A - 569.24±58.97, with CHF I — 601.33±24.64 ohms, respectively, at 5 kHz — 555.52±27.44, 633.50±51.32 and 722.50±15.85 ohms respectively. No total and/or extracellular fluid retention was detected in CHF II A without lower limb varicosity, and in 10 (58.8%) patients — in cases of its presence. Retention of total and/or extracellular fluid was detected in 74.4% of CHF stage II B patients, and 48.3% of them had varicose vein disease of the lower limbs.Discussion.Patients with CHF stage II B have the highest amount of total and extracellular fluid in the body compared to patients with CHF stage II A and CHF stage I, but the method is insensitive for diagnosis of fluid retention in the small circle of the circulation and differential diagnosis of the genesis of edema in varicose vein disease of the lower limbs.Conclusion.Bioimpedance imaging can be used for additional diagnostics of CHF in elderly patients in order to estimate the amount of total/extracellular fluid in the body to build personalized treatment and prevention programs.
Study of quality of life indicators in patients with atrophic postacne scars after laser ablation techniques
Authors: Ufimtseva M. A. , Simonova N. V. , Bochkarev Yu. V.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Atrophic postacne scars are a persistent cosmetic defect, cause psychological discomfort, and significantly reduce patients' quality of life. Laser technologies are effectively used for their treatment. The aim of the study was to investigate the quality of life in patients with atrophic post-cancerous scars before and after the use of laser methods of scar correction. Materials and methods. A randomized comparative clinical trial included 120 patients with atrophic postacne scars divided into two comparable groups of 60 patients each. Patients received laser ablation procedures with an Erbium laser (2940 nm). The Dermatological Quality of Life Index (DQLI) questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life before and after the laser procedures. Results. The DICG of patients before treatment ranged from 8 to 17 points and averaged 12.962.05 points. In women the mean value of DICG was 14.221.34 points and was higher compared to men (11.141.45 points) (p0.05). After fractional laser ablation procedures and the procedures of its combination with the treatment of the scar edge with a solid stain, improvement of the DICG scores was observed; intergroup differences were found in self-esteem, in the choice of clothing, in personal and intimate relationships, and in the assessment of daily routine. Discussion. The pre-treatment DICG scores of patients with postacne scars indicate a strong impact of the disease on quality of life. The DICG in women was higher than in men, which may be associated with a greater degree of women's anxiety about the aesthetic condition of the skin and appearance. After treatment, the degree of impact of the disease on patients' quality of life decreased to moderate in both groups. Conclusion. The combined method of treatment contributes to the reduction of DICG compared to fractional ablation procedures, which indicates greater patient satisfaction with the result of these procedures.
The capacity of computed tomography in preoperative determination of surgery volume in kidney tumors
Authors: Shakeyev K. T. , Kabildina N. A. , ZHUMAKAEV A. M. , TOKSAMBAEVA A. S. , SURMIN S. V. , ELUBAYULY A. , NURALY Sh. S. , KOKIMOV A. A.
Published: November 2021

Relevance: Computed tomography allows detecting small tumors. However, surgical tactics cannot always be determined

in advance.

The purpose of the research was to assess the capacity of computed tomography in the preoperative determination of

surgery volume in kidney tumors.

Results: 548 patients were treated for kidney neoplasms. They were divided into three groups by computed tomography

based on the R.E.N.A.L. scale: with a high risk of complications – 265 patients (48.4%), medium risk – 107 (19.5%), and low risk – 176 (32.1%). All operations were performed in the planned volume depending on the identified risk group for complications and resectability of kidney neoplasms; no changes to the plan of surgical interventions were made. The preoperative assessment of the kidney angioarchitectonics and the tumor relation to the pyelocaliceal system and the organ parenchyma helped determine the surgery volume and the possibility for organ-reserving interventions in 283 patients and radical nephrectomy in 265 patients.

Conclusion: Such a highly informative method as computed tomography made allows early detection of small-sized kidney tumors to provide an opportunity for organ-preserving surgery and improved treatment outcome
Laparoscopic cystectomy with lymphadenectomy and ileoconduitis creation: А case report
Authors: Kurmanov T. A. , Digay A. K. , Mugalbekov Sh. V. , Zhumagazin Zh. D. , Mukazhanov A. K. , Mustafinov D. D.
Published: November 2021

Relevance: Radical cystectomy remains the «gold standard» of muscle-invasive and locally advanced bladder cancer treatment. The article describes the capacity and technique of laparoscopic cystoprostatectomy with lymphadenectomy and the creation of ileoconduitis in bladder cancer since the authors could not find publications on conducting laparoscopic cystoprostatectomy with the creation of an ileoconduitis in oncological and urological clinics in Kazakhstan by domestic specialists.

The purpose was to describe an attempt to reproduce the method of open radical cystectomy laparoscopically as accurately as possible.

Results: In the described case, the patient diagnosed with bladder cancer T2N0M0 IIst underwent surgery in the form of

laparoscopic cystectomy with lymphadenectomy and the creation of ileoconduitis. This method of surgical intervention is minimally invasive, less traumatic, and ensures quick recovery in the postoperative period.

Conclusion: Laparoscopic execution of radical cystectomy allows preserving the advantages of minimally invasive interventions without losing the reliability of the well-proven open surgery. Currently, the implementation of such minimally invasive surgical interventions is possible in many clinics in Kazakhstan, equipped with endoscopic video equipment, if there are specialists experienced in open surgery
Eco-friendly ultraviolet spectrophotometric methods for the determination of clotrimazole and tinidazole in bulk and ointment dosage form
Authors: Kannaiah Kanaka Parvathi , Sugumaran Abimanyu
Published: November 2021

Analyzing a drug over its overlapped spectra utilizes sophisticated instruments and more toxic solvents, which has a deleterious effect on environmental safety. There is an alarming need to develop a simple, novel, and cost-effective method for determining combined substances that are non-toxic to the environment. So, the study aimed to develop four simple, fast and eco-friendly spectrophotometric techniques for quantifying clotrimazole and tinidazole in bulk and ointment dosage form. Stock solutions produced at concentrations of 7 to 13 and 17.5 to 32.5 µg/mL of clotrimazole and tinidazole in 10% v/v ethanol and scanned in the UV-visible range 200-450 nm, and used for all methods. The methods were validated according to the International Council for Harmonization guidelines and found to be within limits. Additionally, the outliers were tested by using the Grubbers test and found within limits. Finally, green evaluation studies show that the method is more environmentally friendly, as confirmed by four assessment tools.
Synthesis, reactions, and applications of pyrimidine derivatives
Authors: Tolba Mahmoud S. , El-Dean Adel M. Kamal , Ahmed Mostafa , Hassanien Reda , Sayed Mostafa , Zaki Remon M. , Mohamed Shaaban K. , Zawam Sameh A. , Abdel-Raheem Shaban A. A.
Published: November 2021

Pyrimidine compounds continue to attract great interest in the field of organic synthesis due to their various chemical and biological applications observed, especially in recent times. As a result, this review covering some periods from 1957 to 2021 has been prepared to discuss some of the structural pathways of these compounds as well as some of their interactions and applications.
Silver-calcium-borates as better replacement for conventional organic antimicrobials in cosmetic products
Authors: Arunachalam A.L. , Induja S. , Parthasarathy V. , Raghavan P.S.
Published: November 2021

Microbes generally develop resistance towards organic antibacterial agents like ampicillin, Sulfonamides, methicillin, etc., and progressively new drugs are being invented to replace them. Hence, replacement of organic antibacterial agents with inorganic analogues requires constant research and the present investigation reports alternatives for conventional antimicrobial agents like methylparaben, diazolidinyl urea, etc., in the cosmetic products with silver incorporated calcium borates. The chemically synthesized silver-calcium borates have been analyzed for phase purity using powder XRD analysis, nature of bonding using FTIR vibrations, and morphology using SEM. The antibacterial and antifungal studies were carried out for the novel inorganic silver-calcium borates incorporated cosmetic products. The products were also subjected to thermal & photostability studies and found to be comparable with that of commercially available products. A minimum quantity of 3 ppm of silver-calcium borate concentration was required to bring about nearly 100% bacterial reduction in the cosmetic products.
Synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of azodyes incorporated acridine chromophore and their applications in polyester printing
Authors: Hassan Khalid , Shaban El-khabiry , ElHaddad Ghada M. , Sallam Asmaa B. , Sayed Ibrahim El
Published: November 2021

A series of azo dyes incorporated acridine chromophore labelled as 8 (a-d), 10 (a, b), 12 and 14 were prepared in very good yields starting from 9-chloroacridine 1 followed by amination, diazotization and coupling either with rhodanine analogues 6 (a, b) or other coupling partners 9 (a, b), 11 and 13. FT-IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectroscopic analysis were used to establish the structures of the produced azo dispersed dyes. Moreover, the synthesized azo dyes were used to prepare pastes that were used to print polyester fabric using classic silk-screen printing techniques. The dyes were tested for color strength and fastness properties, and they showed good fastness resistance to washing, rubbing, and perspiration, as well as fastness to sublimation and light. The dyes were further screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against both Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacterial species. Most of them showed promising activities against these tested organisms.
Synthesis and characterization of some new tebufenozide analogues and study their toxicological effect against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.)
Authors: Elhady Omar M. , Mansour Erian. S. , Elwassimy M. M. , Zawam Sameh A. , Drar Ali M.
Published: November 2021

Many of mimic analogues synthesized before depending on the change in the structure of aromatic rings. In this work, the carbonyl group in the structure of compounds 1-4 converted to thiocarbonyl group, and then studying the toxicological activity due to chemical change in the active center of mimic analogues was performed for compounds N-tert-butyl-2,4-dichloro-N'-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)benzohydrazide (2) and N-tert-butyl-2,4-dichloro-N'-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)carbonothioyl]benzenecarbothiohydrazide (6). The toxicological study was done by using 2nd and 4th instar larvae of the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). Five concentration levels (600, 300, 150, 75 and 37.5 ppm) of compounds (2) and (6) were applied on the fresh plant food to the newly grown (2nd and 4th) instar larvae.
An optimal Islamic investment decision in two-region economy: The case of Indonesia and Malaysia
Authors: Syarifuddin Ferry , Sakti Ali , Bakhtiar Toni
Published: November 2021

In this work, the possibility of cross-border activities between two regions in the framework of the investment contract is viewed as optimal allocation problems. The problems of determining the optimal proportion of funds to be invested in liquidity and technology are analyzed in two different environments. In the first case, we consider a two-region and two-technology economy in which both regions possess the same productive technology or project, but a different stream of return. While in the second case, we examine an economy where two regions (i.e., Indonesia and Malaysia) hold different Islamic productive projects with identical returns. Allocation models are formulated in terms of investors’ expected utility maximization problem under budget constraints with respect to regional and sectoral shocks. It is revealed that optimal parameters for liquidity ratio, technological investment profile, and bank repayment are analytically characterized by the return of a more productive project and the proportion of impatient and patient investors in the region. Even though both cases employ different assumptions, they provide the same expressions of optimal parameters. The model suggests that cross-border Islamic investment activities between two regions might be realized, provided both regions hold productive projects with an identical stream of return. This paper also shows that by increasing the lower return of the project approaching the higher return, a room for inter-region investment can be created. An analytical framework of an investment contract in terms of optimal allocation model is provided.
Physical growth pattern and nutritional status among adolescent Bhumij boys of Khatra Block, Bankura District, West Bengal, India
Authors:   Department of Anthropology, Dinabandhu Mahavidyalaya, Bongaon, West Bengal, India, Bhadra Mithu , Paul Pabitra ,   Department of Anthropology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, West Bengal, India, Das Tanima ,   Department of Anthropology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, West Bengal, India;, Mukhopadhyay Ashish ,   Department of Anthropology, Acharya Prafulla Chandra College, New Barrackpore, West Bengal, India
Published: November 2021

A cross-sectional study of 238 adolescent Bhumij boys aged 11-16 years of Khatra block, Bankura district of West Bengal, India was undertaken to study their physical growth and nutritional status. The subjects were classified into six age groups: 11-11.9 (n=35), 12-12.9 (n=41), 13-13.9 (n=39), 14-14.9 (n=45), 15-15.9 (n=40), 16-16.9 (n=38). Physical growth status (estimated by height and weight) was compared with national standard. Nutritional status (undernutrition) was determined by the age and sex specific BMI cutoffs (less than fifth percentile values) based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I). Results shows that studied Bhumij boys were slightly shorter than the national standard at each age and heavier at late adolescence. The overall rate of undernutrition was 53.36%. The rates of undernutrition varied between 47.37% among 16 year olds to 57.50% at age 15 years. There was a gradual increasing trend of undernutrition from 11 to 15 years. Thereafter, there was a slight declining trend in the rates of undernutrition at age 16 (47.37%) years. In general, this study provided facts that the adolescent Bhumij boys had alarming rates of undernutrition. These rates of undernutrition were; in general, agree with the earlier Indian studies but higher than those found among adolescents in several developing countries.
The amount of fair remuneration determined on the basis of the theory of measuring human capital
Authors:   Cracow University of Economics, 27 Rakowicka Street, Cracow, Poland, Gaweł Krzysztof
Published: November 2021

The aim of the article is to compare the amount of remuneration expected by employees with the salary determined on the basis of the economic constant of potential growth. Using the theory of human capital, we are able to carry out a research consisting in a combination of remuneration resulting from the minimum wage. To achieve this, an econometric model containing three variables is introduced – the experience factor [Q(T)], the component of maintenance costs [K] and the cost element of education [E]. For the sake of clarity, individual measurement models of human capital are presented along with models of fair remuneration. The obtained results prove that the model of human capital presented in the study can be used to determine the level of fair wage.
The concept and essence of human capital
Authors:   University of Economics in Cracow, Rakowicka 27 St., 31-510 Cracow, Poland, Gąsiorek Mateusz
Published: November 2021

The article attempts to present the concept and essence of human capital. This subject is still current and evolves, along with dynamic changes in the market. Each company should determinate the need of its employees and adjust their remuneration fairly.
Consequences of inappropriate behavior in youth and the issue of mobbing
Authors:   Cracow University of Economics, 27 Rakowicka Street, Cracow, Poland, Gaweł Krzysztof
Published: November 2021

The aim of the article is to present a phenomenon closely related to the issue of mobbing. It offers theoretical approaches explaining this matter. The most common sources of aggressive proceedings in early childhood were discussed with details, mainly outlining subjective and situational conditions. Possible consequences of aggression in children at subsequent levels of their development have been presented, with special consideration of its negative consequences. The meaning of early aggression of violence for the future development of mobbing proceedings was also highlighted.
An Investigation into the Body Mass Index Levels of Female University Students and Women from Different Ages
Authors: Güler İskender
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine and to evaluate the Body Mass Index (BMI) levels of female students between the ages of 20 and 30 who study at Amasya University and women between the ages of 40 and 60 who live in Amasya since BMI levels are of great importance to determine the body fat levels for a healthy body. We recruited 910 female students and 688 women. All participants had no health problems. The formula we used for BMI levels of the participants was BMI = kg/m2. We relied on such parameters as mean, standart deviation, minimum and maximum values for statistical analyses of the data. We conducted the independent samples t test to see if there was any statistically significant differences between groups. The findings showed that female university students’ body mass index levels were 21.84 kg/m2, while women living in Amasya had 27.68 kg/m2 body mass index levels. We found a statistically significant difference in the body mass index levels between the groups in favor of the female university students. We conclude that female university students between the ages of 20 and 30 who study at Amasya University had normal levels of BMI when compared with women between the ages of 40 and 60 who live in Amasya.