bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immune enhancing measures in Children
Authors: Rohini Dharwal  , Rakesh Sharma
Published: June 2024

Children are the epitome of innocence and purity therefore the child’s health care should include specific biological and psychological needs that must be ensured to the survival and healthy development of the child, the future adult. They are in constant danger of developing infections due to underdeveloped immune system. Ayurveda emphasizes not only treating diseases but also by maintenance of health by improving immunity of the body. Several measures are considered to enhance the immunity in children. To ameliorate the immunity Acharya Kashyapa described a special formulation by the name Lehana in which herbal drugs are mixed with Madhu (honey) and Sarpi (clarified butter) to the child for the first time. Suvarnaprashna is another method adopted for physical and mental development in newborn and preschool children. Phalaprashan Samskara is a ritual or sacrament acknowledged by him where the first solid food is introduced to the baby that helps in strengthening the bodily tissues. In our classics as a part of Dinacharya, Abhyanga and Snana helps to keep child’s immune system performing at its peak by stimulating the lymphatic system. Nidra (adequate sleep) contributes to child’s overall wellbeing and establishing healthy sleep habits with recommended amount of sleep for their age is an absolute necessity to rejuvenate the body. Daily practice of Yogasana and Pranayam in children helps them to boost their immune system by synchronizing their mind and body. Encouraging children to follow an Ayurvedic routine helps in balancing and enhancing their innate capacity to grow, heal and thrive.
Understanding the Nidana Panchaka of Sthoulya induced Fibroid Uterus (Garbhashaya Granthi) through its Ayurvedic management
Authors: Chaithra TM  , Pramod Katti
Published: June 2024

Sthoulya (obesity) is one among the non-communicable disease which is a threat for human health. The overweight population have been doubled in a few decades in urbanised societies as a result of changes occurring in Food Habits, Lifestyle and Occupational patterns, and these have significant health implications as they produce Santarpanottha Vikaras. In Ayurveda metabolic disorders can be corelated with the Santarpanottha Vikaras. Sthoulya is enumerated under Santarpanottha Vyadhi. Dustha Kapha and Medo Dhatu when they take Sthanasamshraya in Garbhashaya Mamsa Dhatu and results in the manifestation of Granthi, Arbuda, which are enumerated under Santarpanotha Vyadhi. In the Nidanaarthakara Roga, the Ubhayarthakara Roga is explained which refers to the manifestation of secondary disease with persistence of primary disease. Here in this Vyadhi Sthoulya acts as a Ubhayarthakara Roga for Garbhashaya Granthi. In the literatures of Ayurveda, research articles, Allopathic books, Modern research articles we have found a link between Kapha Dosha, Meda Dhatu, Sthoulya (Obesity) having relation with manifestation of Fibroid Uterus (Garbhashaya Granthi). To come out with line of treatment, as direct line of treatment is not explored hence, we want to explore the line of treatment for Sthoulya (Obesity) induced Fibroid Uterus (Garbhashaya Granthi). The present article is focused on understanding of pathophysiology of Sthoulya induced Fibroid Uterus (Garbhashaya Granthi) with its different dimensions of Ayurvedic treatment.
A clinical study of Digestive Health Capsules in the management of Grahani Roga with special reference to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Jat Rohini , Preeti Gavali  , Pawankumar Godatwar  , Harshad Jain  , Neeraj Kumar Patel  , Jahan Peston Jamas
Published: June 2024

Background: Clinical manifestation of Grahani Roga is similar to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). IBS is not a life-threatening condition but it can significantly impact the quality of life. The prevalence of IBS varies from 12% to 15% in India. It is 3 times more common in women and people of working age. Due to the wide spectrum of disease, much prevalence in society and lack of effective medicines, the disease has been chosen for the trial. Digestive Health Capsules manufactured by Bombay Hemp Company is used in patients suffering from Grahani Roga (IBS). Aim: The aim of this study was to study the safety and efficacy of Digestive Health Capsules in the management of Grahani Roga (IBS). Materials and Methods: Forty clinically diagnosed patients of Grahani Roga (IBS) were selected and administered Digestive Health Capsules - 1 capsule twice a day with water after meal for 8 weeks. Study Design: It was an open labeled, single center, single arm clinical study. Results: The result was highly significant for all the subjective and objective parameters. Conclusion: Digestive Health Capsules can be used as safe and effective drug of choice in patients suffering from Grahani Roga (Irritable Bowel Syndrome).
Rutucharya - A brief postulation of Grishma Rutucharya (Summer Regimen)
Authors: Vinayak Dashrath Munde  , Amit Hanmant Shinagare  , Ganesh Vitthal Lokhande
Published: June 2024

Ritu, the season, classified by different features expresses different effects on the body as well as the environment. Ayurveda has depicted various rules and regimens (Charya), regarding diet and behaviour to acclimatize seasonal enforcement easily without altering body homeostasis. The prime principle of Ayurvedic system of medicine is preventive aspect, can be achieved by the change in diet and practices in response to change in climatic condition. This is a very important aspect of preventive medicine as mentioned in Ayurvedic texts. The basic principle followed in the Ayurvedic system of medicine is Swasthyashya Swasthya Rakshanam, which means to maintain the health of the healthy, rather than Aturashya Vikara Prashamanancha, means to cure the diseases of the diseased. For this purpose the Dinacharya (daily regimen) and Ritucharya (seasonal regimen) have been mentioned in the classics of Ayurveda.
Exploring Dhumapana: The ancient art of Ayurvedic inhalation for health
Authors: Somanath S.  , Durgawati Devi
Published: June 2024

Prayogika Dhumapana is a traditional Ayurvedic practice involving the inhalation of medicinal smoke derived from specific herbs and minerals, aimed at maintaining health and treating ailments, particularly those related to the Kapha and Vata Dosha in the Urdhva Jatru. Rooted in ancient Ayurvedic texts such as the Caraka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita, Prayogika Dhumapana is known for its efficacy in managing respiratory conditions, chronic cough, sinusitis, headaches, and stress-related disorders. This therapeutic approach utilizes the rapid absorption of bioactive compounds through the respiratory mucosa to provide immediate relief and therapeutic effects. Although traditionally practiced, Prayogika Dhumapana has potential for integration into modern clinical settings, with preliminary research indicating its benefits in managing chronic respiratory issues, migraines, and allergic rhinitis. However, further rigorous clinical trials are necessary to validate these findings and develop standardized treatment protocols. The practice of Prayogika Dhumapana exemplifies the convergence of ancient Ayurvedic wisdom with contemporary scientific inquiry, offering a holistic approach to health and well-being. Continued research and clinical evaluation will be essential to fully harness its therapeutic potential and ensure its safe application in modern healthcare.
Tracing the pathways: Identifying Nadi linking foot to eye and their role in Padabhyanga
Authors: Lovepreet  , Sunil Kumar Yadav
Published: June 2024

Throughout Ayurveda texts, the practices of Padabhyanaga, Padatrdharana, Prakshalana, and Padapooja have been emphasized as beneficial for ocular health, referred to as Dhrishti Prasadaka or Chakshusya. Acharya Vagbhatta's elaboration on two Nadi originating from the midpoint of the feet, ascending to the Shirah Pradesh and extending to the Netra, underscores a profound correlation between the Chakshu Indriya and the Pada. This research article delves into the intricate relationship between the foot and the eye as elucidated in ancient Ayurveda texts. After meticulous examination of various sources, it becomes evident that a network of interconnected Nadi links the foot to the eye. Texts such as Vaishshtha Samhita, Varah Samhita, Shandilya Samhita, and Darshan Samhita mention Yashshvini-Pusa Nadi connected by Varana Nadi to the right eye, and Hasthjihva-Gandhari Nadi connected via Vishwodhara Nadi to the left. Similarly, insights from Yoga Upanishads and Varmam Shastra further corroborate the association of specific Nadi with ocular function. Central to this understanding is the role of Vayu, described as the "Yantra Tantra Dhra," responsible for physiological functioning via the Nadi. The unimpeded flow of Vayu through the Nadi is crucial for overall health. Acharya Charaka's mention of Vayu residing abundantly in Twacha (skin) highlights the tactile sensation's dependency on Vayu, suggesting the efficacy of Tailabhyanga (foot massage) in maintaining Vayu equilibrium, particularly Vyana and Kurma Vayu, thus benefiting ocular health. Hence, Padabhyanga emerges as a pivotal practice for promoting eye wellness, aligning with the concept of Chakshushya.
Annadravashoola and Ayurveda: A Case Study
Authors: Pallavi Survase  , Ashok Naikar  , Vinod B.
Published: June 2024

Annadrava Shoola is one of the diseases of the alimentary canal in which there is pain occurs after digestion, during digestion & patient feels relief after vomiting. It can be clinically co related with gastric ulcer on the basis of its signs & symptoms. Gastric ulcers are most commonly located at the lesser curvature, whereas duodenal ulcers are more common in duodenal bulb. The ulcer is round to oval with a smooth base. Acute ulcers have regular borders, while chronic ulcers have elevated borders with inflammation. An ulcer extends beyond the muscularis mucosa. Ayurveda encourages lifestyle interventions & natural therapies to regain a balance between body mind &the environment. In this paper a case study of Annadrava Shoola has been explained. A 43 yrs old female patient having complaint of pain in epigastric region after having meals radiating to back since 6 months.  The nature of pain is burning type & exaggerated after having meals, Pain relieved after vomiting. On the basis of history of patient & endoscopy report, she was diagnosed as gastric ulcer (two small antral ulcers). We have done Shamana Chikitsa with a simple formulation of Yashtimadhu Kwatha for 4 months. After the treatment, symptoms relieved. So, there is hope in Ayurveda for treatment of Annadrava Shoola.
Ayurvedic management of Sensorineural Hearing Loss (Badhirya) - A Case Study
Authors: Lakhwinder Singh  , Ashu  , Manoj Kumar
Published: June 2024

The inner ear is the main culprit of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), which is a specific type of hearing loss. Peripheral and Central SNHL (auditory pathway or cortex) can be distinguished. It might be congenital or acquired. Congenital: resulting from prenatal or perinatal conditions or from defects of the inner ear. About 90% of reported cases of hearing loss are related to it. There is currently no suggested course of treatment for it. Hearing loss is associated with Badhirya (hearing loss) in Ayurveda, and our Acharyas have prescribed numerous therapeutic techniques and formulations for the effective treatment of Badhirya (hearing loss). This case study demonstrates the efficacy of Ayurvedic treatment in improving the hearing capacity of a 42-year-old male patient who has had moderate to severe SNHL for two years. He was made to undergo both Ayurvedic procedures and medications. The names of the Ayurvedic procedures adopted are Nasya (nasal drops) with Shirbala Taila (101 Avrti), Karnapoorana with Bilwa Taila for 7 days, Sarivadi Vati, Dashmoola Arishta, and Ashavagandha Arishta internally for 45 days. The intervention resulted in a good improvement in hearing.
Management of Essential Hypertension (Ucharaktachap) - A Pilot Study
Authors: Sonika Solanki  , Babita Dash
Published: June 2024

Hypertension is the most common lifestyle disorder today. Hypertension may be a chronic and sometimes asymptomatic medical condition during which systemic blood pressure is elevated beyond normal. Fewer than half of those with hypertension are conscious of their condition and lots of others are Modern treatment modalities are effective for the management of hypertension but pose human beings to their unwanted complications on their long-term use. The conventional antihypertensive drugs have many adverse effects & are not well tolerated which led to non-compliance, switching & discontinuation of treatment. There is no direct description of HTN in Ayurveda but based on its clinical presentation and similarity between pathogenesis factors for hypertension can be correlated with Raktadhatugata Vata (Vatpradhan) and it is considered as Tridoshaja Vyadhi. Treatment for hypertension in Ayurveda on the idea of Balancing all three Doshas. So Nidan Parivarajan, proper dietary habits, Yoga, Meditation along with Ayurvedic herbs can be beneficial for balancing the state of mind, maintaining as well as reducing blood pressure. Ayurveda has various classical formulations and single herbs having Hridya, Kaphahara, Vatahara, Balya, Raktaprasadana, etc. properties which are safe and cost-effective too. In present study Nitya Virechana Karma has been selected as Shodhana measure, to trump over offending Tridosas, as Virechana has also been equally effective in Rakta vitiation. In the present study Shamana remedy (Amritanagaradi Kashayam) has been selected taking in to view the aspect of the preventive, curative and also Dosha Pratyanic effect of Shamana Yoga drugs.
Successful management of Osteomyelitis through Integrated Approach : A Case Report
Authors: Nanasaheb Memane  , Sonal Memane  , G. Gupta
Published: June 2024

Osteomyelitis is a severe condition characterized by the infection and inflammation of the bone and its bone marrow, thus quickly impacting the Harversian systems. It is often caused by bacteria, the methicillin-resistant S. aureus bacteria being the most common organism. Conventional treatment typically involves long-term antibiotic therapy, surgical debridement, and supportive measures. However, the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance and the adverse effects emphasize the need for complementary and alternative treatment approaches. The rationale for Ayurvedic is that inflammatory swelling is correlated with vidradhi. This case report discusses about the chronic inflammation of osteomyelitis caused by fracture of the humerus with mal-union which has been treated successfully through an Ayurvedic approach by administering Varunaadi Gana Kashaya (decoction), Nyagrodhadi Gana Kashaya (decoction), Arogyavardhini Vati (tablet), Lakshadi Guggulu (tablets), Local application of Jatyadi Taila (oil). Results: The patient was followed up every 7 days while on ayurvedic treatment. In the initial days, the wound was closed with a cast; after 10 days, the cast was removed, and discharge was drastically reduced culminating in overall wound healing. Conclusion: This case report highlights the successful management of osteomyelitis using Ayurvedic medicine as an adjunct therapy. The individualized Ayurvedic treatment plan, including internal medicine, external applications, and lifestyle modifications, contributed to symptom improvement, reduced inflammation, and promoted healing in the patient.
Management of Sandhivata (osteoarthritis of knee joint) in Ayurveda with Rasnashirishadi Kwatha and Ajamodadi Vati: A Case Series
Authors: OP Vyas  , Nimina Nanu Manikkoth
Published: June 2024

Sandhivata or Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease. It is considered to be the result of inflammation, degeneration and wearing out of joint cartilage over time. Here the top layer of cartilage breaks down and goes away. This makes the bones under the cartilage to rub together. The rubbing results in pain, swelling and loss of motion of the joint. Sandhivata develops in all ages of people, but most probably it occurs after the age of 40. The most commonly affected joints include knee, hips, etc. Gradually O.A worsens as the time passes. Then the bone starts to break down and develops growths called spurs. There is a possibility to chip off the bits of bone or cartilage and float around in the joint. As a result of inflammatory process in the body, cytokines (proteins) and enzymes are produced that will further damage the cartilage. The primary purpose of this study was to establish the efficacy of medicines or treatment and demonstrate freedom from unwanted side effects in human. Suitable medicine plays a paramount role in the success of treatment as it is a main factor lying with the management of a disease. There is a direct proportional relationship between the success of treatment and the genuineness of the medicine. The present study was undertaken to carry out the clinical evaluation of Rasnashirishadi Kwatha and Ajamodadi Vati in Sandhivata patients.
Centralized Pump Monitoring System: Perception on Utility and Workflows by Nurses in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Chindamorragot Naruemol , Suitthimeathegorn Orawan , Garg Amit
Published: June 2024

Nurses play a key role in providing in-hospital care to patients. Worldwide, there has been a shortage of nursing staff, putting enormous strain on the existing nursing workforce physically and mentally. A vicious cycle of demanding workplaces exacerbated by perennial shortages leads to attrition and high staff turnover. A centralized, automated infusion pump monitoring system optimizes and augments nurses’ performance in the hospital by cutting down on nurse visits to the patient’s bedside for every matter, whether significant or insignificant. This viewpoint intends to highlight that by filtering out the noise effectively, nurses can focus on improving patient outcome–led interventions and enhancing the quality of care.
Relapse Prevention Group Therapy in Indonesia Involving Peers via Videoconferencing for Substance Use Disorder: Development and Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Siste Kristiana , Ophinni Youdiil , Hanafi Enjeline , Yamada Chika , Novalino Reza , Limawan Albert P , Beatrice Evania , Rafelia Vania , Alison Peter , Matsumoto Toshihiko , Sakamoto Ryota
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Substance use disorder (SUD) is a major health issue in Indonesia, where several barriers to treatment exist, including inaccessibility to treatment services, stigma, and criminalization of drug issues. Peer involvement and the use of telemedicine to deliver psychotherapy are promising approaches to overcome these barriers.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims (1) to describe the development of a new group psychotherapy coprovided by a health care worker and a peer and (2) to evaluate the acceptability, practicality, and preliminary outcomes of the program delivered via videoconferencing in Indonesia.

METHODS

Building upon an established relapse prevention therapy in Japan, we developed a 3-month weekly group therapy module in the Indonesian language. Adjustments were made via focus group discussions with local stakeholders in terms of substance types, understandability, inclusive language, and cultural relevance. A pilot study was conducted to test the new module provided by a peer and a psychiatrist via videoconferencing, termed tele-Indonesia Drug Addiction Relapse Prevention Program (tele-Indo-DARPP), with a pre- and postcontrolled design. We analyzed data from semistructured feedback interviews and outcome measurements, including the number of days using substances and quality of life, and compared the intervention (tele-Indo-DARPP added to treatment as usual [TAU]) and control (TAU only) arms.

RESULTS

In total, 8 people diagnosed with SUD participated in the pilot study with a mean age of 37 (SD 12.8) years. All were men, and 7 (88%) used sedatives as the primary substance. Collectively, they attended 44 of the 48 tele-Indo-DARPP sessions. A total of 3 out of 4 (75%) preferred telemedicine rather than in-person therapy. Positive acceptability and practicality were shown from qualitative feedback, in which the participants who joined the tele-Indo-DARPP reported that they liked the convenience of joining from home and that they were able to open up about personal matters, received helpful advice from peers, and received support from other participants. Providers reported that they feel the module was provider-friendly, and the session was convenient to join without diminishing rapport-building. Meanwhile, troubles with the internet connection and difficulty in comprehending some terminology in the workbook were reported. The intervention arm showed better improvements in psychological health and anxiety symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS

Group psychotherapy via videoconferencing coprovided by health care workers and peers was acceptable and practical for participants with SUD and service providers in this study. A large-scale study is warranted to examine the effectiveness of the newly developed module in Indonesia.
The Machine Speaks: Conversational AI and the Importance of Effort to Relationships of Meaning (Preprint)
Authors: Hartford Anna , Stein Dan J
Published: June 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

The focus of debates about conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) has largely been on social and ethical concerns that arise when we speak to machines—what is gained and what is lost when we replace our human interlocutors, including our human therapists, with AI. In this viewpoint, we focus instead on a distinct and growing phenomenon: letting machines speak for us. What is at stake when we replace our own efforts at interpersonal engagement with CAI? The purpose of these technologies is, in part, to remove effort, but effort has enormous value, and in some cases, even intrinsic value. This is true in many realms, but especially in interpersonal relationships. To make an effort for someone, irrespective of what that effort amounts to, often conveys value and meaning in itself. We elaborate on the meaning, worth, and significance that may be lost when we relinquish effort in our interpersonal engagements as well as on the opportunities for self-understanding and growth that we may forsake.
Prácticas de ciencia abierta utilizadas por investigadores colombianos del área de las humanidades
Authors: Vallejo-Sierra Ruth Helena , Pirela-Morillo Johann Enrique
Published: June 2024

Este artículo analiza las prácticas de ciencia abierta predominantes en las instituciones y a las que más recurren los investigadores humanísticos colombianos, partiendo de la premisa de que esta forma de hacer ciencia se enmarca en la idea del conocimiento como bien común. Diseñamos un cuestionario que respondieron 173 investigadores del área de las humanidades; los resultados destacan que las prácticas de participación abierta más usadas por los diferentes actores sociales son: el intercambio y la cocreación entre los investigadores y la ciudadanía para el desarrollo de proyectos de investigación (46 %) y el reconocimiento de la participación y aportes de estos actores en los resultados de las investigaciones (44 %). En el diálogo abierto con otros sistemas de conocimiento puede observarse una valoración de los saberes ancestrales y tradicionales de comunidades indígenas, negras, afrocolombianas, raizales, palenqueras, rom, campesinas y locales (40 %), así como de sus sistemas de conocimiento (30 %). También, no se percibieron obstáculos para la implementación de la ciencia abierta. Como conclusión destacamos el fortalecimiento de competencias en este grupo de investigadores para un uso mucho más situado e intencionado de las tecnologías, guiadas por principios de apertura del conocimiento, colaboración e inclusión.
Temas y aproximaciones actuales para el estudio de las migraciones y movilidades en las Américas
Authors: Gandini Luciana , Camacho Beltrán Enrique , Camargo Martínez Abndel , Franco Aguilar José , Lizárraga Salas Frambel , Hernández Flores Janeth , Willers Susanne , Trejo Peña Alma Paola , Alfaro Yolanda , Rodríguez Cruz Marta , Solís Arellano Lilia Adriana , Narváez Gutiérrez Juan Carlos , Miranda Bruno , Cejudo Ramos Denisse de Jesús , Chávez Elorza Mónica Guadalupe
Published: June 2024

Los estudios sobre migraciones y movilidades se encuentran en un momento vibrante. La región se transformó intempestivamente en lo que va del siglo xxi. Aunque muchas de las dinámicas que se conjugan en la actualidad no son del todo novedosas, adoptan patrones, tendencias y formatos que desafían las miradas clásicas sobre ellas. La composición de los flujos se ha hecho crecientemente más heterogénea, desbordando ciertas categorías conceptuales con las que acostumbrábamos a observarlos y nos obliga a repensarlas. La direccionalidad de los flujos ha convertido a la mayoría de los países en receptores de población, junto a otros patrones de movilidad que incluyen retorno, tránsito, desplazamiento forzado, población atrapada y en espera, entre otros. A estos desafíos se suman los que enfrentan quienes se encuentran en los contextos receptores: situaciones de violencia, racismo, violaciones a sus derechos, desigualdades de género, discriminaciones de diverso tipo. En conjunto, los retos apuntan a cómo garantizar políticas de protección social, acceso a la justicia, al sistema educativo, al trabajo, a un sistema de cuidados, entre otros; en definitiva, en cómo diseñar políticas migratorias y políticas públicas eficaces. Los doce capítulos que componen este volumen, abordan estos temas y en su conjunto, constituyen una aportación teórica, metodológica y empírica contemporánea muy valiosa para el estudio de las migraciones y movilidades. Por la profundidad y amplitud de los temas tratados presentan un alto valor didáctico, en especial para estudiantes de posgrado, representando además un gran recurso también para especialistas. Este proceso de transformación social incesante en el que se encuentran las movilidades y migraciones ha sido identificado oportunamente por esta academia experta de la unam al proponer el abordaje de nuevos temas y aproximaciones teóricas y metodológicas para su comprensión e interpretación.
Desplazamiento Forzado Interno en México. Análisis y Recomendaciones para su Atención en Jalisco, Puebla y Querétaro
Authors: Gandini Luciana , Amaro Miguel , Rabasa Jofre Valentina
Published: June 2024

El Desplazamiento Forzado Interno (DFI) afecta a millones de personas en el mundo. De acuerdo con los datos del último informe de la Agencia de la ONU para los Refugiados (ACNUR, 2021), alrededor de 48 millones de personas se encuentran en esta situación, y México no es la excepción. En los últimos años, la violencia en diversos contextos del país ha obligado a miles de personas a abandonar sus hogares, sin embargo, no se cuenta con un registro oficial que de manera directa permita saber cuántas y quiénes son, y cuáles fueron sus motivaciones para huir de sus lugares de origen o residencia. Asimismo, tampoco existe un marco normativo general, o un andamiaje institucional integral y adecuado para la atención y prevención del fenómeno. La presente investigación busca conocer el estado que guarda el DFI en México, en cuanto a su magnitud y volumen, así como en lo que respecta a su inclusión dentro de las agendas de políticas públicas a nivel federal y subnacional (en tres estados seleccionados) alrededor de la movilidad humana voluntaria y no voluntaria. Se presenta un abordaje cualitativo y cuantitativo alrededor de tres ejes analíticos: 1) conceptual y normativo; 2) sociodemográfico; y 3) agenda e intervención pública.
Unifying flavors of fault tolerance with the ZX calculus
Authors: Bombin Hector , Litinski Daniel , Nickerson Naomi , Pastawski Fernando , Roberts Sam
Published: June 2024

There are several models of quantum computation which exhibit shared fundamental fault-tolerance properties. This article makes commonalities explicit by presenting these different models in a unifying framework based on the ZX calculus. We focus on models of topological fault tolerance – specifically surface codes – including circuit-based, measurement-based and fusion-based quantum computation, as well as the recently introduced model of Floquet codes. We find that all of these models can be viewed as different flavors of the same underlying stabilizer fault-tolerance structure, and sustain this through a set of local equivalence transformations which allow mapping between flavors. We anticipate that this unifying perspective will pave the way to transferring progress among the different views of stabilizer fault-tolerance and help researchers familiar with one model easily understand others.
Servitūta tiesība pašam uz savu lietu
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Kalniņš Erlens
Published: June 2024

Based on a specific example of court practice, the article examines the prevailing opinion in Latvian law on servitude as a “right in the property of another” and statutory exceptions which deal with the servitude right on own property, as well as focuses on how the idea of “the owner’s servitude” has developed in other countries with a similar legal systems (Switzerland, Germany and Austria), leading to the conclusion that for similar practical reasons, Latvian law should further develop the institution of an owner’s servitude.
Pieteikuma tiesības kolektīvo interešu aizsardzībai administratīvajā tiesā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Bērtaite-Pudāne nga
Published: June 2024

Traditionally, the role of administrative courts has focused on the settlement of individual disputes between private individuals and the state in the field of public administration of public law. However, in recent decades, the protection of collective interests and the procedural mechanisms for their protection have become increasingly important. Although this mechanism is more specific to civil proceedings, it is worth discussing it also in the context of administrative court proceedings. Firstly, the article provides a general overview of the collective redress mechanism and legal standing under it. Secondly, the article analyses the judgment of the Senate of 17 August 2022 in Case № SKA297/2022, in which the Senate, although it did not recognise legal standing for collective redress, provided a number of important insights into the mechanism for the protection of collective interests in administrative proceedings before a court.
Noziedzīgo nodarījumu izdarījušās personas nenoskaidrošanas tiesiskās sekas kriminālprocesā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Koroševska Kitija
Published: June 2024

Within the framework of this article, the legal consequences of failing to identify the offender in criminal proceedings are studied, examining the institute of termination of “cold” cases, its prerequisites and issues of application. By determining the shortcomings of current regulation and the inconsistency of the application thereof, the author proposes to improve the existing criminal procedural regulation and to develop auxiliary sources to encourage clearer procedural regulation, consensus regarding the application of termination of “cold” cases and more systematic approach, ensuring effective and just practice of this institute.
Augstākās izglītības ieguve kā administratīvais process
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Ratniks Agris
Published: June 2024

Providing higher education is a task of the state administration that can also be delegated to private universities on the basis of administrative acts. It should be considered that in the administrative procedure in court the defendant should be the private university itself. Obtaining higher education is a specific administrative procedure, because during the acquisition of higher education, the student simultaneously is subordinated to the university and the subject of a public law contract, creating a dualism in the legal relationship between the university and the student. This causes issues in determining whether the decision taken by the university can be assessed as an independent administrative act or as a decision related to the public law contract.
Maksātnespējas process kā krimināltiesiska piespiedu ietekmēšanas līdzekļa izpildes mehānisms
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Moisejs Edgars
Published: June 2024

Effective enforcement of court judgments is an essential part of the right to a fair trial. The regulation of enforcement by criminal-law means of coercive measures is outdated. The means of coercive measures include liquidation, which is carried out by declaring insolvency proceedings. The author analyses the suitability of the insolvency proceedings as an enforcement mechanism for achieving such purposes.
Evaluación de parámetros relacionados con el crecimiento de plantas de café (Coffea arabica L.) en respuesta al déficit hídrico del suelo
Authors: Lince Salazar Luz Adriana , Sadeghian-Khalajabadi Siavosh , Sarmiento Herrera Ninibeth Gibelli
Published: June 2024

Contextualization: Water is indispensable for plant development, and its response to water deficit varies according to the species and their growth stages.
Knowledge gap: The magnitude of the effect of soil water deficit on the growth of young coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plants evaluated over time is unknown.
Purpose: Research was carried out to identify the effect of soil water deficit and, therefore, the sensitivity to drought in young coffee plants.
Methodology: The deficit irrigation method was used. Coffee plants of the Cenicafé 1 variety were planted at three months old in cylindrical pots and conditioned for four months in mesh houses at Cenicafé - Planalto. After conditioning, the effect on plants' growth and dry matter subjected to five ranges of soil matric potential was evaluated over 140 days. Potentials ranged from -20±10 kPa (control) to -1600±100 kPa.
Results and conclusions: The results showed that soil water deficit affects the growth of young coffee (C. arabica) plants, which could define C. arabica at this stage as drought sensitive. Plants subjected to the least stress and the extreme drought showed a 30% and 57% decrease in dry matter, respectively. For growth variables, the effect of water deficit was evident in the evaluations at 77, 113, and 140 days of treatment application. In all cases, the results showed differences between the extreme drought and the control of up to 30cm in height and equatorial diameter, 0.9 m2 of leaf area, 132 leaves, 3 branches, and 66 nodes. The mathematical models that explained the effect of drought on dry mass were of the logarithmic type. It was identified that for weather and soil conditions similar to those in the study, young coffee plants begin to deteriorate after 40 days of drought. With a soil matric potential close to -40 kPa, for a time of 120 days, coffee plants can lose 10% of dry mass, and when the potential exceeds -90 kPa there can be further losses in dry matter and decreases in the number of branches between the 77 and 113 days.
Inoculantes biológicos: oportunidades y desafíos para la sustentabilidad agrícola y bioeconomía colombiana. Una revisión
Authors: Montenegro Gómez Sandra Patricia , Calderón Vallejo Luisa Fernanda , Parra Orobio Brayan Alexis
Published: June 2024

Contextualización: El inadecuado uso de agroquímicos genera grandes problemas ambientales, incluyendo emisiones de gases efecto invernadero. Esto se ha pasado por alto durante mucho tiempo por la gran demanda para la producción agrícola global y actualmente se evidencian efectos negativos desde la perspectiva de sustentabilidad, sumado a la coyuntura de precios elevados de agroinsumos.
Vacío del conocimiento:  Compilar información de bioinsumos registrados como inóculos biológicos en Colombia, facilita la búsqueda por parte de productores interesados en fortalecer la competitividad sustentable del agro colombiano encaminada a la mitigación del uso de fertilizantes de síntesis química e ir incrementando el uso de bioinsumos que puedan suplir los requerimientos de los cultivos.
Propósito: El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar beneficios asociados con   el uso de   Inoculantes biológicos microbianos y la oportunidad que representan para la sustentabilidad agrícola y fortalecimiento de la bioeconomía colombiana. 
Metodología: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de literatura con parámetros establecidos por PRISMA y con base a información relevante de empresas de inoculantes biológicos en la agricultura colombiana.
Resultados y conclusiones: Se identificaron 4910 estudios y 12 cumplieron con los protocolos de selección.  De 393 registros de productos biológicos en Colombia, 119 corresponden a inoculantes biológicos.  Desde la perspectiva de bioeconomía y negocios verdes, la exploración y aprovechamiento ecológicamente responsable   de la biodiversidad microbiana en Colombia, es una oportunidad para disminuir el uso de fertilizantes de síntesis química y encaminar una transición hacia la agricultura sustentable basada el uso de inóculos biológicos microbianos como mejoradores de la calidad y salud de suelos agrícolas.
Dinámica espaciotemporal de la contaminación por microplásticos en sedimentos marinos de la bahía de Tumaco, pacífico colombiano
Authors: Martínez Martínez Sofía , Molina Sandoval Andrés , Duque Nivia Guillermo
Published: June 2024

Contextualización: La bahía de Tumaco es potencialmente receptora de residuos domésticos, lo que conlleva a que diferentes contaminantes como los microplásticos (<5mm) se acumulen en los sedimentos marinos.
Vacío de conocimiento: En el Pacifico colombiano no se ha explorado como la emergencia sanitaria (COVID-19) afectó los patrones de contaminación de microplásticos en sedimentos marinos antes, durante y después de esta.
Propósito: El propósito de este estudio fue identificar la presencia, características y variación espaciotemporal de la contaminación por microplásticos (MP) durante los años 2020 y 2021 en la zona interna y externa de la bahía de Tumaco y si ello tuvo alguna relación con la cercanía a la zona costera, la desembocadura de los ríos y el COVID-19.
Metodología: Se recolectaron muestras de microplásticos en la zona interna y externa de la bahía de Tumaco, durante las épocas de lluvia y seca en los años 2020 y 2021.
Resultados y conclusiones: 
Resultados y conclusiones: La contaminación por MP fue predominante en la zona interna (721.37 ± 175.96 partículas/kg). A sí mismo; la época de lluvia presentó la mayor contaminación por microplásticos (928.73 ± 220.20 partículas/kg) mientras que la menor se observó en la época seca (440.78 ± 101.54 partículas/kg). Finalmente, se evidencio una disminución de MP de un año a otro, siendo marzo durante la época de lluvia de 2020, el que presentó la mayor contaminación con un promedio de 1543.55 ± 362.92 partículas/kg, este patrón se debe posiblemente a la disminución del turismo en la bahía de Tumaco por la emergencia sanitaria que comenzó en Colombia a mediados de marzo del año 2020 y que se presentó a nivel mundial.
Congreso Internacional Desarrollo sostenible: avances y procesos desde la alimentación y la nutrición
Authors: J C Rodríguez
Published: June 2024

El “Congreso Internacional Desarrollo sostenible: avances y procesos desde la alimentación y la nutrición”, fue organizado por la Carrera de Licenciatura en Nutrición de la Universidad Católica de Córdoba.
El rol del Licenciado en Nutrición en la transformación de los sistemas agroalimentarios es fundamental e intransferible. Es urgente la necesidad de destacar esta responsabilidad de incumbencias y la necesidad de articular acciones intersectoriales e interdisciplinarias. El mundo atraviesa una coyuntura crítica que fue agravada por el COVID 19. En el año 2015, los estados miembros de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas adoptaron la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible, que incluye 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), estos son un llamado universal a la adopción de medidas para poner fin a la pobreza, proteger el planeta y garantizar que todas las personas gocen de paz y prosperidad1.
The clinical evaluation of nineteen instances of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in infants
Authors: Yang Lihua , Zhang Yajie , Liao Xu , Lin Danna , Yu Lihua , Huang Lulu , Lai Xiaorong , Wu Li , Zi Juan , Zhang Jingxin , Huang Siyin
Published: June 2024

[Abstract] Objective: This study aims to retrospectively
review the clinical presentation and treatment outcomes of 19 cases of
infant acute lymphocytic leukemia (IALL) treated at our institution,
summarizing the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of IALL.
Methods: Data from inpatient and outpatient electronic medical
records of IALL patients treated at the Pediatric Hematology Department
of Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, from April 2019 to
April 2023 were collected. A total of 19 cases were analyzed
retrospectively for their clinical manifestations, biological
characteristics, treatment, and prognosis. Results: The
patients, aged between 4 and 11 months at initial diagnosis, primarily
presented with fever, pallor, and hepatosplenomegaly. Among them, 10
cases (52.6%) had a peripheral white blood cell count ≥100×10^9/L at
the onset. Two cases were accompanied by extramedullary infiltration,
including one with testicular leukemia and another with central nervous
system leukemia. All cases were immunophenotyped as B-ALL, with 9 cases
(47.36%) being CD10 antigen-negative and 6 cases (46.2%) expressing
myeloid antigens. Chromosome culture results revealed ectopic chromosome
11 in 10 cases (52.6%). MLL gene rearrangement was observed in 13 cases
(68.4%), specifically MLL-AF4 in 8 cases, MLL-ENL in 3 cases, MLL-AF9
in 1 case, and MLL-USP2 in 1 case. According to the Interfant-06 scheme
risk stratification, there were 6 low-risk, 9 intermediate-risk, and 4
high-risk cases. Treatment with the Interfant-06 protocol led to
complications primarily including sepsis in 11 cases (57.9%),
drug-induced liver damage in 12 cases (63.2%), diarrhea in 7 cases
(36.8%), and pulmonary infections in 6 cases (31.6%). The median
follow-up duration was 36 months (range 1-55 months), with a
treatment-related mortality rate of 5.3% (1 child died due to septic
shock), an overall survival rate of 89.5% (17/19, excluding one lost to
follow-up), and a relapse rate of 21.1% (4/19, excluding one lost to
follow-up), including 3 cases of MLL-ENL rearrangement and 1 case of
MLL-AF4 rearrangement. All four relapsed patients achieved complete
remission after second-line treatment (CAR T-cell
therapy/radiation/immunotherapy), with MRD turning negative, among which
2 underwent bridging to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Conclusion: IALL is a rare pediatric leukemia characterized by
high aggressiveness, high leukocyte counts, and frequent extramedullary
infiltration. The Interfant-06 protocol offers high safety and remission
rates for non-AML-like chemotherapy regimens but still poses a risk of
relapse. MLL rearrangements are common in infant ALL and are associated
with poor prognosis, especially MLL-ENL, which is linked to a higher
rate of relapse. CAR T-cell therapy and Blinatumomab are effective
treatments for achieving remission after bone marrow relapse in IALL.
Rotating Cylinder Electrode in Reactive CO 2 Capture: Identifying Active C Species via Transport, VLE Models and Kinetics
Authors: Banerjee Avishek , Yue Chudi , Choi Jounghwan , Morales-Guio Carlos
Published: June 2024

This work explores technical challenges and potential methodologies for
understanding electrochemical Reactive CO2 Capture (RCC) mechanisms. RCC
offers potential energy cost advantages by directly converting captured
CO into fuels and chemicals, unlike traditional carbon
capture and utilization (CCU) processes that require sequential capture,
concentration, and compression. However, direct conversion of captured
CO introduces complexity due to additional equilibrium
buffer reactions, making it challenging to identify active species for
reduction in electrochemical studies. This work discusses methods to
integrate transport, thermodynamics, and kinetics concepts to identify
active carbon sources in RCC. Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium (VLE) and
transport models are validated against experimental results obtained in
a gastight rotating cylinder electrode reactor and are shown as useful
tools for studying RCC in heterogeneous electrocatalysts across
different capture agents, solvents, and temperatures. This work
establishes an experimental framework for advancing research in
electrochemical RCC.
ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF POLAND’S AGRICULTURE IN THE YEARS 2016-2022
Authors: Binderman-Dubik Agata
Published: June 2024

The work is a continuation of a series of works by A. Binderman- Dubik, published in the years 2004 - 2013, concerning the regional differentiation of Polish agriculture, in which she used two patterns (models): negative and positive. These studies showed the superiority of the two-pattern methods used over the single-pattern methods. Here, methods based on three patterns (negative, positive, indirect) are used. The author uses the method considered by the authors: Binderman Z., Borkowski B., Szczesny W. 2020.
An environmentally friendly indigo dyeing process using iron (II) gluconate as a reducing agent
Authors: Abdelileh Maha , Ben Ticha , Meksi Nizar , Dhaouadi Hatem
Published: June 2024

This research paper aims to replace the ecologically harmful sodium
dithionite traditionally used in the indigo dyeing process with the iron
(II) gluconate reducing agent. The density functional theory (DFT) method
using B3LYP 6- 311 G basis set was used to determine the optimized
structures of iron (II) gluconate and indigo. The highest occupied molecular
orbital (HOMO) energy and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO)
energy were calculated, and the electronic properties dependent on HOMO-LUMO
energies were determined. Furthermore, an ecological dyeing process using
this reducing agent was studied. The influences of alkalinity, reduction
temperature, and iron (II) gluconate concentration on the fulfilment of the
dyeing process were inspected by measuring the obtained redox potential and
the color strength of the dyed samples. A full factorial experiment was
performed for statistical analysis and optimization of the dyeing process.
The results revealed that the developed method is highly effective and
capable of generating redox potential and dyeing quality comparable to those
obtained with the conventional process employing sodium dithionite. Finally,
the substitution of sodium dithionite by iron (II) gluconate reduced the
wastewater load generated by the conventional dyeing process.
Novel Strategy of Local Infiltration Anaesthesia for Cyst Removal
Authors: Shi Xiao-Xiao , Zhang Yuan-Jin , Yang Xiao-Yan , Zhou Ting-Ting , Xu Ning
Published: June 2024

Abstract is missing (Short communication)