bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of CaWO 4 as a photocatalyst for degradation of methylene blue and carmine under ultraviolet light irradiation
Authors: Yuan Cunyang , Sun Fuwei , Liu Haibo , Chen Tianhu , Chu Ziyang , Wang Hanling , Zou Xuehua , Zhai Peixun , Chen Dong
Published: December 2022

Due to its advantages of high efficiency, simplicity of operation, and no secondary pollution, photocatalysis is considered as a promising method for wastewater treatment. Most synthesized photocatalysts are structure complex and costly. Thus, in this study, a novel CaWO4 sample was synthesized by a co-precipitation method in one step and proved as a preferable photocatalytic material by a series of characterization methods.
The synthesized CaWO4 can be used as a catalyst to degrade dyes as methylene blue (MB) and carmine (CR), under UV light without the addition of oxidants. The effects of water matrix, including pH value, solid-liquid ratio, light intensity, and initial concentration of pollutants on photocatalytic degradation were studied. According to the results of scavengers experiments, holes and hydroxyl radicals dominate the degradation of MB while hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion are mainly responsible for the degradation of CR. Furthermore, i-t curves demonstrate the CaWO4 has good photoelectric response capability. It means that photogenerated electrons generated on the surface of the CaWO4 can form electron hole pairs, thereby forming hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion to degrade dyes. In addition, the CaWO4 has good cycling performance in the process of degrading MB. Results indicate that minerals-based photocatalyst can be synthesized in one step by simple coprecipitation and exhibit good photocatalytic effect. It provides a new idea for the study of photocatalytic degradation of dyes by mineral-like materials.
Excessive mechanical stress mediated Piezo1 activation regulates lysosomal membrane permeabilization-induced chondrocyte apoptosis in mouse osteoarthritis model
Authors: He Zili , Yan Zijian , Zhang Yu , Xv Yitie , Chen Kongbin , Zhan Jiayu , Zhang Yingze
Published: December 2022

Excessive mechanical stress is closely associated with progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Pathological mechanical stress can lead to chondrocyte apoptosis and subsequent cartilage degeneration. Piezo1 is a recently identified mechanosensitive ion channel that mediates chondrocyte response to mechanical stress. Here, we investigated the potential role of Piezo1 in chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage degeneration induced by excessive mechanical stress. The primary mouse chondrocytes were subjected to mechanical stretch stress for 0, 6, 12 and 24 h, respectively. Western blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, lysosomes and acridine orange staining were applied to examine levels of Piezo1, lysosomal function, chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage degeneration. In vivo studies, DMM mouse model was performed to explore the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of Piezo1 inhibition on chondrocyte apoptosis and articular cartilage degradation. Exposure of chondrocytes to excessive mechanical loading caused lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), which increased chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage degeneration. Moreover, Piezo1 was upregulated in mechanical stress treated chondrocytes, and Piezo1 inhibition by siRNA or pharmacological inhibitor attenuated LMP, chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage degeneration. We also found that Piezo1 activated cPLA2 through the calcium signaling, and cPLA2 subsequently caused the occurrence of LMP. Finally, the DMM mouse model revealed that Piezo1 inhibition reduced cPLA2 induced LMP, thereby ameliorated the surgery induced chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage degradation, and attenuated OA pathological process. In summary, our study indicates that activity of Piezo1 was the culprit in the excessive mechanical stress-induced LMP and cartilage degradation, and Piezo1 inhibition may be a promising strategy for OA treatment.
Efficiency of modified hydrodissection vs traditional method in age related cataract surgery: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Liu Zhen , Chen Zeli , Lan Changjun , Liao Xuan
Published: December 2022

Purpose
To investigate whether our modified hydrodissection is safe and efficient in age related cataract surgery.
Methods
A prospective, randomized, single-blind clinical study was performed in Chongqing Bishan Old Town Hospital from May 16 to August 31, 2022. Age related cataract patients without any other ocular disease were included. They were randomly allocated into modified hydrodissection and traditional hydrodissection groups. Hydrodissection was performed using modified or traditional method. It kept the same procedures as routine in incision, continuous circular capsulorhexis, phacoemulsification, irrigation-aspiration. Hydrodissection time and Oscar score are the main measurement to evaluate the efficiency of the modified method. Descemet membrane detachment, unstable anterior chamber and posterior capsular rupture were the main measurements to evaluate the safety.
Results
There were 156 patients (age:71.39 ± 7.17 years old; gender: 90 (57.7%) female, 66(42.3%) male) with age related cataract participating in this study. The hydrodissection time was 12.23 ± 1.84s and 18.72 ± 1.69s in the modified hydrodissection group and traditional group, respectively (P༜.001). 89.7% of eyes in modified hydrodissection group achieved Oscar score 5, which was achieved by only 75.6% eyes in traditional group (P = .033). There was no complication occurred in these patients.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated that the modified hydrodissection was as safe as traditional method but with more efficiency.
Direct use of gaseous and air-derived CO2 for amino acid biosynthesis in an ATP and NAD(P)H-free chemoenzymatic system
Authors: Liu Jianming , Zhang Han , Zeng An-Ping
Published: December 2022

Direct use of gaseous and air-derived CO2 for technical biosynthesis is highly desired, but elusive so far due to several obstacles including high energy (ATP, NADPH) demand, low thermodynamic driving force and limited biosynthesis rate. Here, we present an ATP and NAD(P)H-free chemoenzymatic system for amino acid biosynthesis from gaseous and air-derived CO2. It relies on a reengineered glycine cleavage system with the NAD(P)H-dependent L protein replaced by biocompatible chemical reduction of protein H with dithiothreitol. The latter provides a higher thermodynamic driving force, determines the reaction direction, and avoids protein polymerization of the rate-limiting enzyme carboxylase. Engineering of H protein to effectively release the lipoamide arm from a protected state further enhanced the system performance, achieving the synthesis of glycine, serine and pyruvate at g/L level from methanol and gaseous CO2. This work opens up the door for biosynthesis of amino acids and derived products directly from air.
Rab32 promotes glioblastoma migration and invasion via regulation of ERK/Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission
Authors: Chen Pin , Lu Yanbing , He Binfeng , Xie Tao , Yan Chaolong , Liu Tengfei , Wu Silin , Yeh Yuyang , Li Zeyang , Huang Wei , Zhang Xiaobiao
Published: December 2022

Background and objective: The highly widespread and infiltrative nature of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) makes complete surgical resection hard, causing high recurrence rate and poor patients’ prognosis. However, the mechanism underlying GBM migration and invasion is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of a Ras-related protein Rab32 on GBM and uncovered its underlying molecular and subcellular mechanisms that contributed to GBM aggressiveness.
Method: The correlation of Rab32 expression with patient prognosis and tumor grade was investigated by public dataset analysis and clinical specimen validation. The effect of Rab32 on migration and invasion of GBM had been evaluated using wound healing assay, cell invasion assay, as well as protein analysis upon Rab32 manipulations. Mitochondrial dynamics of cells upon Rab32 alterations were detected by immunofluorescence staining and western blotting. Both the subcutaneous and intracranial xenograft tumor model were utilized to evaluate the effect of Rab32 on GBM in vivo.
Results: The expression level of Rab32 is significantly elevated in the GBM, especially in the most malignant mesenchymal subtype, and is positively correlated with tumor pathological grade and poor prognosis. Knockdown of Rab32 attenuated the capability of GBM’s migration and invasion. It also suppressed the expression levels of invasion-related proteins (MMP2 and MMP9) as well as mesenchymal transition markers (N-cadherin, vimentin). Interestingly, Rab32 transported Drp1 to mitochondrial from the cytoplasm and modulated mitochondrial fission in an ERK1/2 signaling-dependent manner. Furthermore, silencing of Rab32 in vivo suppressed tumor malignancy via ERK/Drp1 axis.
Conclusion: Rab32 regulates ERK1/2/Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission and causes mesenchymal transition, promoting migration and invasion of GBM. It serves as a novel therapeutic target for GBM, especially for the most malignant mesenchymal subtype.
Local production of reactive oxygen species drives vincristine-induced axon degeneration
Authors: Gomez-Deza Jorge , Slavutsky Anastasia , Nebiyou Matthew , Pichon Claire Le
Published: December 2022

Neurological side effects arising from chemotherapy, such as severe pain and cognitive impairment, are a major concern for cancer patients. These major side effects can lead to reduction or termination of chemotherapy medication in patients, negatively impacting their prognoses. With cancer survival rates improving dramatically, addressing side effects of cancer treatment has become pressing. Here, we use iPSC-derived human neurons to investigate the molecular mechanisms that lead to neurotoxicity induced by vincristine, a common chemotherapeutic used to treat solid tumors. Our results uncover a novel mechanism by which vincristine causes a local increase in mitochondrial proteins that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the axon. Vincristine triggers a cascade of axon pathology, causing mitochondrial dysfunction that leads to elevated axonal ROS levels and SARM1-dependent axon degeneration. Importantly, we show that the neurotoxic effect of increased axonal ROS can be mitigated by the small molecule mdivi-1 and antioxidants glutathione and mitoquinone, identifying a novel therapeutic avenue to treat the neurological effects of chemotherapy.
The role of green ICT on ecological footprint: Does environmental regulation work?
Authors: Lee Chien-Chiang , Chen Mei-Ping , Wu Wenmin
Published: December 2022

Using 95 countries’ panel data for the period 2000–2017, this research explores how GICT affects six types of ecological footprint (EF) with ERs as the interaction variables by concurrently testing the GICT-induced environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis. Using a quantile regression (QR) that tests the effects of GICT on environment degradation varying across diverse quantiles of EF, we present the vital role that GICT plays in lessening cropland, forest area, and grazing land, while increasing consumption of built-up land. Additionally, the findings partially confirm the existence of an inverted U-shape EKC hypothesis of technologies about mitigation against climate change for cropland, forest area, and grazing land via consideration of non-market-based ER as the interaction term. GICT does not notably reduce carbon-absorption land usage, however, the interaction between GICT and non-market-based ER does.
Effect of glutamine on the systemic innate immune response in broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella pullorum
Authors: Wu Qiu jue , Zhu Long , Zhang Rong kai , Xing Zhong , Wang Cong , Liao Jia hui , Hu Nai zhi , Cheng Bin yao , Ma Yan , Wang Yu qin
Published: December 2022

Conclusion: These results indicate that Gln might stimulate the systemic innate immune responses of the spleen in broiler chickens challenged with S. pullorum.
Background: The effects of glutamine on the growth performance and systemic innate immune response in broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella pullorum were evaluated. A total of 600 one-day-old Arbor Acres broiler chickens were assigned randomly to 6 dietary treatments with 10 replicates for a 21-day feeding experiment. The experimental treatments were as follows: the control treatment (birds fed the basal diet), the Gln1 treatment, and the Gln 2 treatment (birds fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5%, and 1.0% Glutamine, respectively). At 3 d of age, birds from each treatment were then oral gavage with 2.0 × 104 CFU/mL of S. pullorum suspension (1.0 mL per bird) or an equivalent amount of sterile saline alone, which served as a control.
Results: The results showed that S. pullorum infection had adverse effects on the average daily feed intake, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio of broiler chickens compared with those of the CON treatment on d 7, decreased the spleen and bursa of Fabricius relative weights (except on d 21), serum immunoglobulin A (IgA),immunoglobulin G (IgG), and immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentrations, and spleen melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) and laboratory of genetics and physiology gene 2 (LGP2) mRNA expression levels, and increased the mRNA expression levels of spleen Nodinitib-1 (NOD1), Toll-like receptors 2,4 (TLR2, TLR4), DNA-dependent activator of IFN-regulatory factors (DAI), mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS), P50, P65, and RelB on d 4, 7, 14, and 21.
Supplementation with Gln improved the relative weights of the spleen and bursa of Fabricius (except on d 21), increased the serum IgA, IgG, and IgM concentrations and the mRNA expression levels of spleen MDA5 and LGP2, and decreased the mRNA expression levels of spleen NOD1, TLR2, TLR4, DAI, MAVS, P50, P65, and RelB of S. pullorum-challenged broiler chickens.
Comparison of Mulligan Mobilization Technique Versus Mckenzie Exercises Among Patient With Sacroilliac Joint Dysfunction: a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ghafoor Faisal , Ahmad Zunaira , Soomro Mahjabeen , khan Wajid Javed , Pando Alejandro , Shafaqat Amina
Published: December 2022

Background:Sacroiliac joint dysfunction frequently causes pain in low back. Localized tenderness and pain around the sacroiliac joint are signs of sacroiliac joint dysfunction, which is made worse by strenuous activities.Objective:This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of mulligan mobilization Technique Versus McKenzie exercises among patients with sacroiliac joint Dysfunction.Methodology:Total 58 patients, with sacroiliac joint dysfunction were included who were fulfilled the eligibility criteria.This trial was registered withRegistration number: NCT05404451 Dated 01-08-2022.This study is assessor blind. We have used the convenient sampling technique and the Lottery Method was used to randomly select a participant who met the criteria for participation, and participants were then divided into the two groups at random. The researcher and participants were not informed of the allocation process. A research assistant who was unrelated to the next stage of the study covered up the allocation method. In envelopes, the allocation was concealed. The study subjects were categorized into two groups. Group A received treatment with mulligan mobilization technique while group B received treatment with McKenzie exercises. Both groups received treatment for four weeks. Using the VAS and the MODI scale, pain and disability were evaluated before and after treatment.Results:Results indicated that individuals of both therapy group mulligan and McKenzie showed improvement in VAS and MODI ratings P value was (>0.005). Additionally, it was observed that McKenzie exercises were more effective than Mulligan mobilization techniques at reducing pain, disability, and enhancing sitting, standing, and walking in patients P value was (>0.005). While there was no significant difference has been observed in personal care lifting, sleeping, when comparing both groups P value was (>0.005).Conclusion:This study concluded that Mulligan's Mobilization and McKenzie exercises are both beneficial in reducing pain and improving disability. The McKenzie exercises, however, are more efficient than Mulligan's Mobilization technique when the two groups are compared (at reducing pain, disability, and enhancing sitting, standing, and walking in patients).Trial Registration number: NCT05404451 Dated 03-06-2022
Inherent Spatiotemporal Uncertainty of Renewable Power in China
Authors: Wang Jianxiao , Chen Liudong , Tan Zhenfei , Du Ershun , Liu Nian , Ma Jing , Sun Mingyang , Li Canbing , Song Jie , Lu Xi , Tan Chin-Woo , He Guannan
Published: December 2022

Solar and wind resources are vital for the sustainable and cleaner transition of the energy supply. Although renewable energy potentials are assessed in the literature, few studies examine the statistical characteristics of the inherent uncertainties of renewable generation arising from natural randomness, which is inevitable in stochastic-aware research and applications. Here we develop a rule-of-thumb statistical learning model for wind and solar power prediction and generate an hourly and year-long dataset of prediction errors in 30 provinces of China. The results reveal diversified spatial and temporal distribution patterns of prediction errors, indicating that more than 70% of wind prediction errors and 50% of solar prediction errors arise from scenarios with high utilization rates. We discover that the first-order difference and peak ratio of generation series are two primary indicators explaining the distribution characteristics of prediction errors. Furthermore, the prediction errors could result in additional CO2 emissions from coal-fired thermal plants. We estimate that such emission would potentially reach 319.7 megatons in 2030, accounting for 7.7% of China’s power sector. Finally, improvements in investment incentives and interprovincial scheduling could be suggested.
Versatile optical manipulation of trions, dark excitons and biexcitons through contrasting exciton-photon coupling
Authors: Li Zhe , Zhang Xin-Yuan , Ma Rundong , Fu Tong , Zeng Yan , Cheng Yufeng , Wang Cheng , Wang Yun , Feng Yuhua , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Wang Ti , Liu Xiaoze , Xu Hongxing
Published: December 2022

Various exciton species in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as neutral excitons, trions (charged excitons), dark excitons, and biexcitons, have been individually discovered with distinct light-matter interactions. In terms of valley-spin locked band structures and electron-hole configurations, these exciton species demonstrate flexible control of emission light with degrees of freedoms (DOFs) such as intensity, polarization, frequency and dynamics. However, it remains elusive to fully manipulate different exciton species on demand for practical applications. Here, we investigate the contrasting light-matter interactions to control multiple DOFs of emission light in a hybrid monolayer WSe2-Ag nanowire (NW) structure by taking advantages of various exciton species. These excitons, including trions, dark excitons and biexcitons, are found to couple independently with propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) of Ag NW in quite different ways, thanks to the orientations of transition dipoles. Consistent with the simulations, the dark excitons and dark trions show extremely high coupling efficiency with SPPs, while the trions demonstrate directional chiral-coupling features. This study presents a crucial step towards the ultimate goal of exploiting the comprehensive spectrum of TMD excitons for optical information processing and quantum optics.
Anatomy Education Evaluation Scale Development, Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: PEKMEZ Hidir , AYDIN Merve , INCEOĞLU Feyza
Published: December 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Ocular surface involvement and histopathologic changes in the acute stage of Stevens- Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Yingyi , Feng Jianing , Ren Yuerong , Shi Wen , Kang Huanmin , Peng Yingqian , Tan Yixin , Wu Ruifang , Zhang Guiying , He Yan
Published: December 2022

Background
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare and extremely serious drug-induced dermatological disorders. The ocular surface condition at the early stage has been little studied and should contribute to novel perspectives in early and effective topical therapy of these diseases. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the acute phase of ocular surface involvement and histopathologic changes in patients with acute SJS/TEN.
Methods
Ten patients with acute phase of SJS/TEN onset and eleven age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were recruited. Ocular surface symptoms and signs, conjunctival impression cytology, and tear multi-cytokine were assessed.
Results
Ocular surface objective signs were normal at the acute stage of SJS/TEN, while most patients have abnormal ocular surface subjective symptoms and meibomian gland secretion. Conjunctival impression cytology showed a significant decrease in goblet cell density and severe ocular surface squamous metaplasia in acute SJS/TEN patients. Tear multi-cytokine analysis showed all 21 pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines all sharply elevated.
Conclusions
Severe pathologic squamous metaplasia and inflammation onset in the ocular surface at the acute stage of the SJS/TEN, even if the ocular surface condition seemed basically normal with adequate systemic immunosuppressant and general supportive treatment. Early topical anti-inflammatory therapy should be carried out actively.
Single-cell molecular profiling using ex vivo functional readouts fuels precision oncology in glioblastoma
Authors: Panovska Dena , Nazari Pouya , Cole Basiel , Creemers Pieter-Jan , Derweduwe Marleen , Solie Lien , Gassen Sofie Van , Claeys Annelies , Verbeke Tatjana , Saeys Yvan , Plancken David Van Der , Bosisio Francesca M. , Put Eric , Bamps Sven , Clement Paul M. , Verfaillie Michiel , Sciot Raf , Ligon Keith L. , De Vleeschouwer Steven , Antoranz Asier , De Smet Frederik
Published: December 2022

Background

Functional profiling of freshly isolated glioblastoma cells is being evaluated as a next-generation method for precision oncology. While promising, its success largely depends on the method to evaluate treatment activity which requires sufficient resolution and specificity.

Methods

Here, we describe the ‘precision oncology by single-cell profiling using ex vivoreadouts of functionality’ (PROSPERO) assay to evaluate the intrinsic susceptibility of highgrade brain tumor cells to respond to therapy. Different from other assays, PROSPERO extends beyond life/death screening by rapidly evaluating acute molecular drug responses at single-cell resolution.

Results

The PROSPERO assay was developed by correlating short-term single-cell molecular signatures using CyTOF to long-term cytotoxicity readouts in representative patientderived glioblastoma cell cultures (n=14) that were exposed to radiotherapy and the smallmolecule p53/MDM2 inhibitor AMG232. The predictive model was subsequently projected to evaluate drug activity in freshly resected GBM samples from patients (n=34). Here, PROSPERO revealed an overall limited capacity of tumor cells to respond to therapy, as reflected by the inability to induce key molecular markers upon ex vivo treatment exposure, while retaining proliferative capacity, insights that were validated in PDX models. This approach also allowed the investigation of cellular plasticity, which in PDCLs highlighted therapy-induced proneural-to-mesenchymal transitions, while in patients’ samples this was more heterogeneous.

Conclusion

PROSPERO provides a precise way to evaluate therapy efficacy by measuring molecular drug responses using specific biomarker changes in freshly resected brain tumor samples, in addition to providing key functional insights in cellular behavior, which may ultimately complement standard, clinical biomarker evaluations.
Malaria drives unique regulatory responses across multiple immune cell subsets
Authors: Dooley Nicholas , Chabikwa Tinashe , Pava Zuleima , Loughland Jessica , Hamelink Julianne , Berry Kiana , Andrew Dean , Soon Megan , SheelaNair Arya , Piera Kim , William Timothy , Barber Bridget , Grigg Matthew , Engwerda Christian , López J. Alejandro , Anstey Nicholas , Boyle Michelle
Published: December 2022

Plasmodium falciparum malaria results in immunoregulatory responses across multiple cell subsets, which protects the individual from inflammatory mediated immunopathogenesis. However, these anti-inflammatory responses also hamper the development of effective anti-parasitic immunity. Understanding malaria induced tolerogenic responses in specific cell subsets may inform the development of strategies to boost protective immunity during drug treatment and vaccination. Here, we analysed the immune landscape with single cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells during falciparum malaria and at convalescence in children and adults from a low malaria transmission area in Malaysia. To understand malaria driven changes specific to each immune cell subset, we interrogated transcriptional changes in sub-clustered major immune cell types during infection. We found that malaria drove development of immunosuppressive monocytes, alongside NK and γδ T cells which regulated inflammatory function but maintained cytolytic capacity. IL10-producing CD4 T cells and IL10-producing regulatory B cells were also induced. Type I interferon responses were identified across all cell types, linking Type I interferon signalling with the induction of immunoregulatory networks during malaria. Together, these findings provide insights into cell-specific and shared immunoregulatory changes induced during malaria, and provides a data set resource for additional analysis of anti-parasitic immunity and disease pathogenesis.
Experimental investigation on the mechanical properties and large laboratory test of a novel filling material in mining engineering
Authors: Hong Zi-jie , Li Zhen-hua , Du Feng , Xu Lei , Zhu Chun
Published: December 2022

In this paper, a novel filling material was developed which consisted of coal gangue and fly ash mixture as the main material, the ground slag, quicklime and plaster mixture as the cementing material. Moreover, an auxiliary agent was added as an activator. Test results showed that the optimum composition of the filling material was: 2:1 ratio of coal gangue and fly ash, which accounted for 85% of the total mass; 5:3:2 ratio of ground slag(G)-quicklime(Q)-plaster(P), which accounted for 15% of the total mass; expansive agent content of 0.01% and modifier additive content of 1.0%. A large volume sample (1m*1m*1m) was tested with this optimized material composition. The experimental temperature, mechanical performance, regeneration strength, and failure characteristics were determined. The results showed that the temperature of the middle part of the filling body was the highest and reached the peak of 40.2℃. The filling material had high compressive strength, and presented ideal plastic deformation characteristics. The strength could be restored after the damage had occurred and the fracture surface along a certain angle was destroyed.
Entanglement dynamics in the spin-1/2 XX chain with uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction revisited
Authors: Motamedifar Mostafa , Sadeghi Fatemeh , Golshani Mojatab
Published: December 2022

We revisited the effectiveness of state and entanglement transmission through a spin-chain-based quantum channel while altering the system parameters and the channel’s initial state. Our research is focused on the spin-1/2 XX chain with Dzyaloshinski-Moriya (DM) interaction and the aim is to measure entanglement dynamics between different part of the chain. The speed of entanglement propagation is utilized to probe the evolution of the system via three scenarios: (i) pure Heisenberg interaction, (ii) pure DM interaction, and (iii) collaboration of both types of couplings. To accomplish this, we employ the fermionization approach to obtain an exact solution to the problem. Aside from investigating the influence of magnetic interaction type on entanglement transfer, the effect of selecting the initial state has also been studied. As a result, we discovered that the phase factor (φ) regulating the system’s initial state induces sharp drops in the propagation speed of entanglement. In addition, the fastest transmission occurs at a special value of φ in which the highest amount of entanglement reaches the system’s different pairs. On the other hand, we observe a continuous and flat range of φ in which the least amount of entanglement is transmitted and for them we have a sharp drop in the speed profile.
Active Suspension Control Strategy for Vehicles Based on Road Surface Recognition
Authors: Yang Taiping , Li Peiqing , Li Qipeng , Li Zhuoran
Published: December 2022

An adaptive model predictive control (AMPC) algorithm based on pavement identification was proposed to determine the influence of different pavement inputs on a vehicle suspension system. First, a vehicle dynamics model was established, and a discrete leveling index-based pavement comfort assessment method was proposed based on the international leveling index to quantify the comfort level by calculating the maximum instantaneous vibration index based on the vertical acceleration of the driver's seat. Second, an augmented Kalman filter algorithm with a forgetting factor is proposed to track the pavement time-varying parameters and estimate pavement leveling. Finally, the control of the quarter-vehicle active suspension system is transformed into solving the decay of hard constraints, designing the AMPC strategy, parameterizing the cost function of AMPC with the global cost of the performance index as the evaluation function, and using Bayesian optimization to predict the time domain and weight of the cost function to achieve the global performance optimum. While satisfying the dynamic constraints, passenger comfort is improved by attenuating roadway pre-sighting disturbances. Experimental results indicate that the proposed active suspension AMPC algorithm improves suspension smoothness and driver comfort compared with the MPC algorithm and passive suspension. The effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm for different road vibrations was verified.
Comparison of Age and Modified Frailty Index-5 as Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality in Complete Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Shakil Husain , Jaja Blessing N.R. , Zhang Peng F. , Jaffe Rachael H. , Malhotra Armaan K. , Harrington Erin M. , Wilson Jefferson R. , Witiw Christopher D.
Published: December 2022

Frailty, as measured by the modified frailty index-5 (mFI-5), and older age are associated with increased mortality in the setting of spinal cord injury (SCI). However, a comparison of the predictive power of each measure has not been completed. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate in-hospital mortality among adult complete cervical SCI patients at participating centers of the Trauma Quality Improvement Program from 2010 to 2018. Logistic regression was used to predict in-hospital mortality, and the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUROC) of regression models with age, mFI-5, or age with mFI-5 was used to compare predictive power. 4,733 patients were eligible. We found significant effect of age > 75 years (OR 9.77 95% CI [7.21 13.29]) and mFI-5 ≥ 2 (OR 3.09 95% CI [1.85 4.99]) on in-hospital mortality. The AUROC of a model including age and mFI-5 (0.81 95%CI [0.79 0.84] AUROC) was comparable to a model with age alone (0.81 95%CI [0.79 0.83] AUROC). Both models were superior to a model with mFI-5 alone (0.75 95% CI [0.72 0.77] AUROC)). Our findings suggest that age provides more predictive power than mFI-5 in the prediction of in-hospital mortality for complete cervical SCI.
Extraction of impacted mandibular third molars in close proximity to the inferior alveolar canal with coronectomy-miniscrew traction to avoid nerve injury
Authors: Zhao Sufeng , Wang Yujia , Yang Xiaoyue , Zhou Xinyao , Wang Zezheng , Zhang Kun , Yang Xudong
Published: December 2022

Objectives
Extraction of impacted mandibular third molars (IMTMs) is the most common surgery in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury is a rare but severe complication, and the risk is significantly higher for IMTM near the inferior alveolar canal (IAC). The existing surgical method to extract such IMTMs is either not safe enough or is time-consuming. A better surgical design is needed.
Materials and Methods
From August 2019 to June 2022, 23 patients received treatment by Dr Zhao at Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, to extract their IMTMs and were diagnosed with IMTMs connecting the IAC. Due to high IAN injury risk, these patients undertook coronectomy-miniscrew traction to extract their IMTMs.
Results
The time between the two surgeries (time of miniscrew traction) was 32.65 ± 2.110 days, which was significantly lower than that of traditional orthodontic traction. No IAJ injury was observed with two-point discrimination testing or reported by patients during follow-up. Other complications such as severe swelling, severe bleeding, dry socket, and limited mouth opening were not observed. Postoperative pain was not significantly higher in the coronectomy-miniscrew traction group than in the traditional IMTM extraction group.
Clinical Relevance:
For IMTMs connecting the IAC that must be extracted, coronectomy-miniscrew traction is a novel approach to minimize IAN injury risks in a less time-consuming way with a lower possibility of complications.
A novel model for runoff prediction based on the ICEEMDAN-NGO-LSTM coupling
Authors: Yang Chen , Jiang Yatao , Liu Ying , Liu Songlin , Liu Fuping
Published: December 2022

The prediction of runoff trends has always been an essential topic in the field of hydrological forecasting, accurate and reliable prediction models are of great significance to the rational use of water resources. Considering the relatively-low accuracy and poor solving ability of present models for runoff prediction, a new coupled model based on the Improved Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (ICEEMDAN) and Northern Goshawk Optimization (NGO) with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model is proposed in the paper, for runoff prediction. The present model is applied to predict the monthly runoff in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River. The results show that the ICEEMDAN-NGO-LSTM model not only increases the fit by 3.09%, but also reduces the average relative error, average absolute value error, and root mean square error by 54.43, 73.11%, and 53.95%, respectively, compared with the traditional LSTM under the same data conditions. In addition, the fit of the ICEEMDAN-NGO-LSTM model was improved by 0.69% and 0.56% compared with the LSTM models optimized based on Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) and Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA), respectively, and the average relative error, average absolute value error, and root mean square error were also significantly lower. This indicates that the coupled ICEEMDAN-NGO-LSTM model has better prediction performance, and the prediction results provide a new method for short-term runoff forecasting.
A review and comparative study of cancer detection using machine learning: SBERT and SimCSE application
Authors: Mokoatle Mpho , Marivate Vukosi , Mapiye Darlington , Bornman Riana , Hayes Vanessa. M
Published: December 2022

Background
Pretrained convolutional neural networks and traditional machine learning algorithms have extensively been considered for the detection of various cancers using image data and clinical data as the input source. Initially, a series of preprocessing steps and image segmentation steps are performed to extract region of interest (ROI) features from noisy features. Then, the extracted features are applied to several machine learning and deep learning methods for the detection of cancer.
Method
In this work, a review of all the methods that have been applied to develop machine learning algorithms that detect cancer is provided. This study solely focuses on work that investigates four cancer types (lung, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer) that have been published in the last five years (2018-2022). Then, a colorectal cancer detection framework is proposed using colorectal cancer DNA sequences as the only input source. For data representation, recent state-of-the-art sentence transformers namely: Sentence-BERT (2019) and the unsupervised SimCSE (2021) are applied. The novelty of this approach is that, the two sentence transformers have not been used to represent DNA sequences of matched tumor/normal pairs for cancer detection using machine learning. For classification, the learned DNA representations were then provided as input to traditional machine learning algorithms.
Result
Using SBERT sentence embeddings, the XGBoost model achieved the best overall, achieving the highest accuracy of 73 ± 0.13 % on the development set, and 73.3 ± 0.20 % on an independent test set. With regard to the SimCSE embeddings, the Random forest model achieved the best overall on the development set with an accuracy of 71.6 ± 1.47 %. And on the test set, the XGBoost model achieved the highest accuracy of 75 ± 0.12 %. In summary of these findings, no significant improvement was observed in the performance of the machine learning models when using sentence representations from either SBERT or SimCSE transformer model. cancer detection, machine learning, SentenceBert, SimCSE
Effect of Health Education about Care of Stroke Patients on the Burden of Care Providers and their Quality of Life
Authors: Aziz Eman , Mliegy Om Ibrahim El , Esmail Amany , Mohammed Amany
Published: December 2022

Background:It is estimated that the burden of care for stroke patients' care providers is increasing in the world due to the lack of support from the organizations and associations. This studyaimed toevaluate the effect of health education about care of stroke patients on the burden of care providers and their quality of life.Setting:Neurology Department for nursing staff and stroke out patients' clinic for family care providers at Tanta University Hospitals.Design:A quasi-experimental.Subject:Allnurses 50 from Neurology Department and convenience sample 70 of family care providers.Tools:6 tools were used:Tool (I)Nursing Interview Questionnaire.Tool (II)Expanded Nursing Stress Scale.Tool (III)Family Care providers Interview.Tool (IV)Zarit Burden Questionnaire.Tool (V)Ways of Coping Questionnaire.Tool (VI)Quality of Life (SF-36) Questionnaire.Results:Immediately after implementation of the educational program; (62.0%) of the studied nurses had occasionally stress factors, and (72.0%) of them had increase in quality of life. As well as (67.1%) of the family care providers had mild to moderate burden and (54.3%) of them had increase in quality of life.Conclusion:Immediately after implementation of the educational program there was an enhancement in the studied nurses and family care providers’ knowledge, using of coping ways, and quality of life and reduction in the care of burden.Recommendation:Further study is recommended on large sample and in different hospitals settings in order to generalize the result.
Field inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi having contrasting life-history strategies differently affects tomato nutrient uptake and residue decomposition dynamics
Authors: Arcidiacono Myriam , Pellegrino Elisa , Nuti Marco , Ercoli Laura
Published: December 2022

Purpose: In the scenario of an increased atmospheric CO2 concentration, nutrients are reduced in all vegetables. In this context, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) could enhance nutrient concentration in edible portions of plants, including tomato. However, field studies on tomato AMF inoculation are scarse. AMF species belonging to Gigasporaceae and Glomeraceae families known to vary in life-history strategies may determine differential effects on plant nutrient benefits and residue decomposition. Despite this, the effect of different life-history strategies on nutrient acquisition of tomato fruits has not yet been investigated.
Methods: We studied the effect of inoculation of two tomato varieties with AMF belonging to Glomeraceae and Gigasporaceae. Fungal establishment, yield, fruit nutrient concentration, litter decomposition, and bacterial and fungal abundances in soil were assessed in a two-year field trial under organic agriculture.
Results: Overall Gigasporaceae promoted the concentration of nutrients in tomato fruits compared to Glomeraceae. A variability in AM fungal colonization and fruit nutrient concentration occurred within Glomeraceae. Scutellospora pellucida increased the yield (+27%) of var. Rio Grande respect to Gigaspora gigantea. In var. Rio Grande, Funneliformis mosseae determined a litter degradation similar to controls and lower than Sclerocystis sinuosa and Gigasporaceae species, which showed the highest decomposition rates. AMF inoculation promoted soil total bacterial and fungal abundance and fungal:bacterial (F:B) ratio compared to controls, and members of Gigasporaceae had the highest F:B ratio.
Conclusion: These findings strongly support that AM fungal life-history strategy should be considered in biofertilizer development to enhance the nutritional value of vegetables under organic farming systems.
The protective role of staff wellbeing centres for wellbeing and presenteeism in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Secondary analysis of COVID-Well data
Authors: Blake Holly , Mancini Helen , Coyne Emma , Cooper Joanne , Stanulewicz-Buckley Natalia
Published: December 2022

Background Supported wellbeing centres established during the COVID-19 pandemic provided high quality rest spaces and access to peer-to-peer psychological first aid for healthcare workers (HCWs). The centres were well accessed and valued by HCWs, but their relationship with wellbeing and job-related factors is not well established. Methods Secondary analysis of data from 819 HCWs from an acute hospital trust who completed an online survey in April-July 2020, as part of the COVID-Well study. Measures included the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, and four single-item global measures of job stressfulness, job satisfaction, presenteeism and turnover intentions. ANCOVA models and regression analyses were conducted on these data. Results HCWs with lower wellbeing were less likely to have accessed wellbeing centres (β = .12, p < .001), had higher job stressfulness (β = − .22, p < .001), lower job satisfaction (β = .39, p < .001), higher presenteeism (β = − .22, p < .001) and were of younger age (β = .09, p = .002). Centre use was associated with wellbeing irrespective of job stressfulness. The relationship between job stressfulness and wellbeing was moderated by job satisfaction. Those reporting presenteeism and who accessed the centre (M = 3.30, SE = .04) had higher wellbeing than those who accessed the centre but did not report presenteeism (M = 3.06, SE = .04) (F(1, 791) = 18.65, p < .001, ηp2 = .02). Conclusions Accessing wellbeing centres had a protective effect on wellbeing of HCWs, particularly for those reporting presenteeism. Therefore, the centres may have provided greatest respite and restoration for those present at work but not in optimal health. Younger workers were disproportionately affected in terms of wellbeing, and targeted support for this population is needed. Strategies to decrease presenteeism and maximise job satisfaction which buffers the impact of job stressfulness on wellbeing are urgently required. Healthcare organisations should provide rest spaces and psychological support to HCWs for the long-term, as part of a systems-wide approach to improving workforce health and wellbeing.
First record of the parasitoid wasp Ixodiphagus hookeri (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) infesting the tick Amblyomma nodosum (Acari: Ixodidae)
Authors: Vecchi Mariah O.M. , Ramos Rafael Antonio Nascimento , Bitencourth Karla , Vecchi Maurício B. , Alves Maria Alice S.
Published: December 2022

Ticks (Ixodida) are ecologically important ectoparasites that may impact human health and economic activities. Parasitoid wasps are the natural enemies of ticks and a potential option for its biological control. In the present study, we recorded parasitism of the nymphs of the tick Amblyomma nodosum by the parasitoid wasp Ixodiphagus hookeri. The ticks, in turn, were parasitizing White-bearded Manakins, Manacus manacus (Pipridae) in the União Biological Reserve, one of the last major remnants of lowland rainforest in Rio de Janeiro state, southeastern Brazil. During the collection of ectoparasites from two manakins in this reserve, 20–30 parasitoid wasps hatched spontaneously from two of the ticks collected. The species of the tick nymphs and adult wasps were identified using morphological traits and molecular analyses. This record is the first documented case of I. hookeri parasitizing A. nodosum, and the first time that parasitoid wasps have been found in ticks parasitizing birds in Brazil. This is also the first record of Ixodiphagus from southeastern Brazil in more than a century, with the only other record dating back to 1914. The record presented here provides valuable new information on the biology of this tick and its parasites, and new insights into this interspecific interaction. Further research on these vertebrate-tick-wasp interactions will be necessary to better understand the respective roles of the organisms involved in these processes.
Biomechanical comparison between rotational Scarf osteotomy and translational Scarf osteotomy: a finite element analysis
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Yue , Tang Kanglai , Tao Xu
Published: December 2022

The computerized tomography (CT) data of a hallux valgus patient were selected to establish a finite element model. The standard Scarf osteotomy was simulated based on the model, and the rotation and translation were performed, respectively. The relevant parameters of hallux valgus were compared between the two groups. We completed the cartilage, ligament and other tissues on the bone model to establish a full foot model. We analyzed the troughing, plantar aponeurosis tension, plantar soft tissue, and ground stress and also observed the stability of the broken end by a three-point bending test. The results show that: rotational osteotomy can correct larger IMA, and the contact area after osteotomy is larger. The length of the first metatarsal initially increased and then decreased. Compared with the translational group, rotational Scarf can significantly increase DMAA. Mechanical analysis showed that the cancellous bone in the contact part of the broken end in the translation group had greater stress, which was the troughing performance. Stress distribution of plantar aponeurosis, plantar soft tissue, and the ground showed no significant difference. The three-point bending test showed that the separation of the broken ends of the rotational Scarf osteotomy model was slightly smaller than the translational group. We believe that rotational Scarf osteotomy can correct larger IMA, significantly increase the broken end contact area, and effectively avoid troughing. It also had broken end separation smaller than the traditional translational Scarf osteotomy, which is conducive to postoperative stability and healing. However, rotational Scarf osteotomy also has disadvantages, which can increase DMAA accordingly. For patients with large DMAA, other surgical methods should be considered clinically.