bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence, epidemiology and etiology of acute meningitis in Mures County – an observational study
Authors: Tilea Brindusa , Brînzaniuc Klara , Tilea I.
Published: March 2013

Background: Meningitis are multiple aetiology disorders characterized by infectious triggered inflammation of the meningeal serrosa manifesting as an acute systemic illness with variable evolution from cure to death. The objectives of this study were the evaluation of incidence, epidemiologic and diagnostic aspects of the acute meningitis in a well define region.

Methods: we have designed an observational retrospective study that included a number of 165 consecutively admitted patients with the diagnosis of meningitis at the Targu-Mures Infectious Disease Clinic, Romania, from January 1st to December 31st 2011. We have compared cases of confirmed meningitis vs. meningismus, and meningeal reaction. We kept track of the demographic aspects, the annual and seasonal distribution of cases. The diagnosis of meningitis was established by examination of the cerebrospinal fluid such as: aspect, pleocytosis, biochemical reactions, wet mounts, Latex agglutination tests, serological reactions, cultures and antibiotic resistance testing (when needed). Results: the majority of the patients were male, from rural areas. The mean age of patients with bacterimeningitis was 36 years old, and that of viral meningitis cases was 20 years old. The acute meningitis incidence in 2011 was 19.73 cases/100.000 inhabitants. 26 patients (15.76%) of the observed group were diagnosed with bacterial meningitis, and 63 cases (38.18%) with viral meningitis. The most common cause for bacterial meningitis were Gram-positive cocci, and for viral meningitis, the varicella-zoster virus.

Conclusions: in 2011, the incidence of acute meningitis in our region has not decreased significantly compared to previous studies. In the case of bacterial meningitis, the etiologic agent was identified in a small proportion, possibly because of antibiotic treatment administered before the admission, also observing an increase in antibiotic resistance of the identified agents.
Hannah More’s Art of Reduction
Authors: Heisel Andrew
Published: March 2013

Hannah More is widely viewed as a major figure in the rise of evangelicalism, but how she played her role is still in doubt. She can be read as a conservative interested in maintaining social hierarchy or even as a radical who levels social strata by insisting that only spiritual classifications are important. An underlying network of theological uncertainties in More’s writing creates this divide in the criticism of her work. More insists on the plainness of the Bible, but, since readers nonetheless err, she suggests its plainness must first be matched in the reader in order for the text to be understood. She contradictorily indicates that the Bible or morally sound fictional works may improve the reader and that readers must already be purified before a text can have saving effects. On the one hand, this theological ambiguity can be liberating. On the other hand, the Pauline universalizing rhetoric on which More relies, rather than having the salutary impact recently described by philosophers Giorgio Agamben and Alain Badiou, creates a constant interrogation of self and others in order to reduce individual particularity. More’s fiction continually figures forth the need for an “annihilation of the self” that is to be admired for its saving power and yet also pitied for the suffering it creates—suffering which is the vehicle of both that annihilation and attendant salvation.
Angiographic findings in 2 children with cerebral paragonimiasis with hemorrhage
Authors: Chen Zhi , Chen Jingyu , Miao Hongpin , Li Fei , Feng Hua , Zhu Gang
Published: March 2013

Hemorrhagic events associated with cerebral paragonimiasis are not rare, especially in children and adolescents; however, angiographic evidence of cerebrovascular involvement has not been reported. The authors describe angiographic abnormalities of the cerebral arteries seen in 2 children in whom cerebral paragonimiasis was associated with hemorrhagic stroke. The patients presented with acute intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angiography revealed a beaded appearance and long segmental narrowing of arteries, consistent with arteritis. In both patients, involved vessels were seen in the area of the hemorrhage. The vascular changes and the hemorrhage, together with new lesions that developed close to the hemorrhage and improved after praziquantel treatment, were attributed to paragonimiasis. Further study of the frequency and mechanism of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular complications associated with cerebral paragonimiasis is needed.
Incomplete stent apposition in Enterprise stent–mediated coiling of aneurysms: persistence over time and risk of delayed ischemic events
Authors: Heller Robert , Calnan Daniel R. , Lanfranchi Michael , Madan Neel , Malek Adel M.
Published: March 2013

Object

Incomplete stent apposition of the closed cell–design Enterprise stent following stent-mediated coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms has been associated with increased risk of periprocedural thromboembolic events. In this study, the authors seek to determine the natural history of incomplete stent apposition and evaluate the clinical implications of the phenomenon.

Methods

Since January 2009, all patients receiving Enterprise stents in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms at the authors' institution have undergone serial 3-T MRI with incomplete stent apposition identified by the crescent sign on multiplanar reconstructions of MR angiograms. Magnetic resonance images and MR angiograms obtained at 3, 9, and 18 months after stent-assisted coil embolization were analyzed along with admission and follow-up clinical medical records. These records were evaluated for any radiographic and clinical, transient or permanent ischemic neurological events.

Results

Fifty patients receiving Enterprise stents were eligible for inclusion and analysis in the study. Incomplete stent apposition was identified in postoperative imaging studies in 22 (44%) of 50 patients, with 19 (86%) of 22 crescent signs persisting and 3 (14%) of 22 crescent signs resolving on subsequent serial imaging. Delayed ischemic events occurred in 8 (16%) of 50 cases, and all cases involved patients with incomplete stent apposition. The events were transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) in 5 cases, asymptomatic radiographic strokes in 2 cases, and symptomatic strokes and TIAs in the final case. There were no delayed ischemic events in patients who did not have incomplete stent apposition. Only 1 of the delayed ischemic events (2%) was permanent and symptomatic. The postoperative presence of a crescent sign and persistence of the crescent sign were both significantly associated with delayed ischemic events (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively).

Conclusions

Incomplete stent apposition is a temporally persistent phenomenon, which resolves spontaneously in only a small minority of cases and appears to be a risk factor for delayed ischemic events. Although further follow-up is needed, these results suggest that longer duration of antiplatelet therapy and clinical follow-up may be warranted in cases of recognized incomplete stent apposition.
Surgical treatment of transsphenoidal encephaloceles: transpalatal versus combined transpalatal and transcranial approach
Authors: Ogiwara Hideki , Morota Nobuhito
Published: March 2013

Object

Transsphenoidal encephalocele (TSEC) is a rare developmental anomaly with herniation of neural elements including pituitary gland or optic apparatus, through a defect of sphenoid bone. To prevent obstructive dyspnea, endocrine dysfunction, or visual disturbance, surgical correction is usually performed. However, the optimal operative approach has not been determined yet. The authors present their surgical experiences with transpalatal, transcranial, or combined approach.

Methods

The authors retrospectively analyzed surgical results in patients with TSEC. The charts were reviewed for demographic data, clinical presentation, surgical therapy, and clinical outcomes.

Results

Seven consecutive patients with TSEC were surgically treated between March 2004 and February 2012. The mean age was 23.9 months (range 2–69 months). Four patients with TSEC who had a bone defect within the sphenoid bone were successfully treated using a transpalatal approach. Two patients with an extensive sphenoethmoidal bone defect that was treated either by a transpalatal or transcranial approach experienced several relapses with a prolapse of the encephalocele. One patient with an extensive sphenoethmoidal bone defect was successfully treated by combined transpalatal and transcranial approach without relapse for 3.6 years.

Conclusions

The combined transpalatal and transcranial approach is useful for TSEC with an extensive sphenoethmoidal bone defect to dissect the sac and expose the bone defect circumferentially. If dissection is not sufficient, relapse with a prolapse of the encephalocele can ensue. The transpalatal approach is sufficient for TSEC in which a bone defect is limited within the sphenoid bone.
Myelopathy due to calcified meningiomas of the thoracic spine: minimum 3-year follow-up after surgical treatment
Authors: Zhu Qing , Qian Ming , Xiao Jianru , Wu Zhipeng , Wang Yu , Zhang Jishen
Published: March 2013

Object

Calcified meningiomas are an uncommon type of meningioma. This study details the clinical features, treatment, and follow-up of 11 calcified meningiomas treated from 2002 to 2009, for the purpose of providing general information, describing the skill required for the surgery, and detailing the imaging study of these tumors.

Methods

Between 2002 and 2009, 11 patients underwent surgery for the treatment of calcified meningiomas. All were treated by the same group of doctors at the same institution, including surgery and rehabilitation after surgery. The minimum 3-year (> 36 months) follow-up data from the 11 patients were detailed. Neurological function was evaluated twice, based on the Frankel scale and Japanese Orthopaedic Association scoring system. The first evaluation occurred before surgery and the second 3 years after surgery.

Results

In 3 cases, the Frankel score decreased by 1 level. In a comparison of the duration of preoperative symptoms, age, degree of canal stenosis, and intraoperative blood loss, it was found that the greater the degree of canal stenosis, the poorer the outcome of the patient. Calcified meningiomas were more likely to adhere to the nerves and dura, a finding that might explain the high incidence of neurological dysfunction and CSF leakage after surgery.

Conclusions

Calcified meningiomas are the most rare of all meningiomas. It appears that a greater degree of canal stenosis can lead to a poorer outcome. Computed tomography scans and MRI with contrast enhancement are recommended for intraspinal tumors before surgery to exclude the possibility of calcification. For calcified meningiomas, precise tumor resection, dura repair during surgery, and medical care after surgery are important for achieving an acceptable outcome.
Selection and Characterization of Single Domain Antibodies Specific for Bacillus anthracis Spore Proteins
Authors: Walper Scott , Lee P. , Anderson George , Goldman Ellen
Published: March 2013

To obtain thermostable immunoreagents specific for the spore form of Bacillus anthracis two llamas were immunized with a combination of six different recombinant proteins. These proteins BclA, gerQ, SODA1, SOD15, BxpB and the protein p5303 have all been shown as components of the B. anthracis spore and could potentially serve as targets for the detection of spores in multiplexed biosensors. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were used to construct a phage display library from which single domain antibodies (sdAbs) targeting each of the proteins were isolated. Unique sdAbs exhibiting nanomolar or better affinities for the recombinant proteins were obtained and most of the isolated sdAbs retained their ability to bind antigen after cycles of heating as determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SdAbs targeting the BclA and gerQ proteins were able to successfully detect bacterial spores, whether broken or intact, using a direct ELISA; the sdAbs were specific, showing binding only to B. anthracis spores and not to other Bacillus species. Additionally, SODA1 and p5303 binding sdAbs detected spores in sandwich assays serving as both captures and tracers. Used in combination, sdAbs targeting B. anthracis proteins could be integrated into emerging biosensors to improve specificity in multiplex assays.
Alteration of Podocyte Protein Expression and Localization in the Early Stage of Various Hemodynamic Conditions
Authors: Li Kai , Wang Juan , Yin Xiaohui , Zhai Xiaoyue , Li Zilong
Published: March 2013

Given that podocalyxin (PCX) and nestin play important roles in podocyte morphogenesis and the maintenance of structural integrity, we examined whether the expression and localization of these two podocyte proteins were influenced in the early stage of various hemodynamic conditions. Mice kidney tissues were prepared by in vivo cryotechnique (IVCT). The distribution of glomeruli and podocyte proteins was visualized with DAB staining, confocal laser scanning microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy. The mRNA levels were examined by real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed the following: Under the normal condition, PCX stained intensely along glomerular epithelial cells, whereas nestin was clearly staining in the endothelial cells and appeared only weakly in the podocytes. Under the acute hypertensive and cardiac arrest conditions, PCX and nestin staining was not clear, with a disarranged distribution, but the colocalization of PCX and nestin was apparent under this condition. In addition, under the acute hypertensive and cardiac arrest conditions, the mRNA levels of PCX and nestin were significantly decreased. Collectively, the abnormal redistribution and decreased mRNA expressions of PCX and nestin are important molecular events at the early stage of podocyte injury during hemodynamic disorders. IVCT may have more advantages for morphological analysis when researching renal diseases.
A Case of Stage III c Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma: The Role for Predictive Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies
Authors: Rahman Munmun , Nakayama Kentaro , Ishibashi Tomoka , Ishikawa Masako , Rahman Mohammed , Katagiri Hiroshi , Katagiri Atsuko , Iida Kouji , Kikuchi Yoshihiro , Miyazaki Kohji
Published: March 2013

Ovarian cancer treatment presently does not reflect molecular differences in histologic subtype. Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) exhibits several differences in terms of molecular pathogenesis and tumor behavior from the more common, chemosensitive, serous carcinomas, which makes OCCC a candidate for targeted therapies. A 53-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed with stage IIIc ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma with marked chemoresistance to conventional regimens. She demonstrated a partial response to a multikinase inhibitor. The tumor was resistant to PI3K/mTOR pathway inhibitors despite harboring a PIK3CA mutation. The present case suggests a role for targeted therapies in the treatment of OCCC and a need for the identification of biomarkers that will predict response to targeted therapies.
Advanced Electrodes for High Power Li-ion Batteries
Authors: Zaghib Karim , Mauger Alain , Groult Henri , Goodenough John , Julien Christian
Published: March 2013

While little success has been obtained over the past few years in attempts to increase the capacity of Li-ion batteries, significant improvement in the power density has been achieved, opening the route to new applications, from hybrid electric vehicles to high-power electronics and regulation of the intermittency problem of electric energy supply on smart grids. This success has been achieved not only by decreasing the size of the active particles of the electrodes to few tens of nanometers, but also by surface modification and the synthesis of new multi-composite particles. It is the aim of this work to review the different approaches that have been successful to obtain Li-ion batteries with improved high-rate performance and to discuss how these results prefigure further improvement in the near future.
Photoluminescence Study of Gallium Nitride Thin Films Obtained by Infrared Close Space Vapor Transport
Authors: Santana Guillermo , De Melo Osvaldo , Aguilar-Hernández Jorge , Mendoza-Pérez Rogelio , Monroy B. , Escamilla-Esquivel Adolfo , López-López Máximo , De Moure Francisco , Hernández Luis , Contreras-Puente Gerardo
Published: March 2013

Photoluminescence (PL) studies in GaN thin films grown by infrared close space vapor transport (CSVT-IR) in vacuum are presented in this work. The growth of GaN thin films was done on a variety of substrates like silicon, sapphire and fused silica. Room temperature PL spectra of all the GaN films show near band-edge emission (NBE) and a broad blue and green luminescence (BL, GL), which can be seen with the naked eye in a bright room. The sample grown by infrared CSVT on the silicon substrate shows several emission peaks from 2.4 to 3.22 eV with a pronounced red shift with respect to the band gap energy. The sample grown on sapphire shows strong and broad ultraviolet emission peaks (UVL) centered at 3.19 eV and it exhibits a red shift of NBE. The PL spectrum of GaN films deposited on fused silica exhibited a unique and strong blue-green emission peak centered at 2.38 eV. The presence of yellow and green luminescence in all samples is related to native defects in the structure such as dislocations in GaN and/or the presence of amorphous phases. We analyze the material quality that can be obtained by CSVT-IR in vacuum, which is a high yield technique with simple equipment set-up, in terms of the PL results obtained in each case.
Determinants of Disaffiliation: An International Study
Authors: Brañas-Garza Pablo , García-Muñoz Teresa , Neuman Shoshana
Published: March 2013

Using a dataset of 15,000 subjects from 32 Western countries, the current study examines individuals who were raised in a certain religion and, at some stage of their lives, left it. Currently, they define their religious affiliation as ‘no religion’. A battery of explanatory variables (country-specific, personal attributes and marriage variables) was employed to test for determinants of this decision. It was found that the tendency of individuals to leave their religion—the most extreme symptom of secularization—is strongly correlated with their liberal beliefs and with parental and spousal religious characteristics. Moreover, country characteristics, as well as personal socio-demographic features seem to be much less relevant, except for the religious diversity of the country that has a positive effect on disaffiliation.
Slotted Photonic Crystal Sensors
Authors: Scullion Mark , Krauss Thomas , Di Falco Andrea
Published: March 2013

Optical biosensors are increasingly being considered for lab-on-a-chip applications due to their benefits such as small size, biocompatibility, passive behaviour and lack of the need for fluorescent labels. The light guiding mechanisms used by many of them results in poor overlap of the optical field with the target molecules, reducing the maximum sensitivity achievable. This review article presents a new platform for optical biosensors, namely slotted photonic crystals, which provide higher sensitivities due to their ability to confine, spatially and temporally, the optical mode peak within the analyte itself. Loss measurements showed values comparable to standard photonic crystals, confirming their ability to be used in real devices. A novel resonant coupler was designed, simulated, and experimentally tested, and was found to perform better than other solutions within the literature. Combining with cavities, microfluidics and biological functionalization allowed proof-of-principle demonstrations of protein binding to be carried out. Higher sensitivities were observed in smaller structures than possible with most competing devices reported in the literature. This body of work presents slotted photonic crystals as a realistic platform for complete on-chip biosensing; addressing key design, performance and application issues, whilst also opening up exciting new ideas for future study.
Assessing Herbivore Foraging Behavior with GPS Collars in a Semiarid Grassland
Authors: Augustine David , Derner Justin
Published: March 2013

Advances in global positioning system (GPS) technology have dramatically enhanced the ability to track and study distributions of free-ranging livestock. Understanding factors controlling the distribution of free-ranging livestock requires the ability to assess when and where they are foraging. For four years (2008–2011), we periodically collected GPS and activity sensor data together with direct observations of collared cattle grazing semiarid rangeland in eastern Colorado. From these data, we developed classification tree models that allowed us to discriminate between grazing and non-grazing activities. We evaluated: (1) which activity sensor measurements from the GPS collars were most valuable in predicting cattle foraging behavior, (2) the accuracy of binary (grazing, non-grazing) activity models vs. models with multiple activity categories (grazing, resting, traveling, mixed), and (3) the accuracy of models that are robust across years vs. models specific to a given year. A binary classification tree correctly removed 86.5% of the non-grazing locations, while correctly retaining 87.8% of the locations where the animal was grazing, for an overall misclassification rate of 12.9%. A classification tree that separated activity into four different categories yielded a greater misclassification rate of 16.0%. Distance travelled in a 5 minute interval and the proportion of the interval with the sensor indicating a head down position were the two most important variables predicting grazing activity. Fitting annual models of cattle foraging activity did not improve model accuracy compared to a single model based on all four years combined. This suggests that increased sample size was more valuable than accounting for interannual variation in foraging behavior associated with variation in forage production. Our models differ from previous assessments in semiarid rangeland of Israel and mesic pastures in the United States in terms of the value of different activity sensor measurements for identifying grazing activity, suggesting that the use of GPS collars to classify cattle grazing behavior will require calibrations specific to the environment and vegetation being studied.
Seeing Green: The Re-discovery of Plants and Nature’s Wisdom
Authors: Gagliano Monica
Published: March 2013

In this article, I endeavor to recount the odd history of how we have come to perceive plants like we do, and illustrate how plants themselves perceive and sense the world and, most importantly, what they can tell us about Nature. Through examples of the ingenious ways plants have evolved to thrive, I engage the idea that our modern society is afflicted by a severe disorder known as plant blindness, a pervasive condition inherited from our forefather Aristotle and accountable for the current state of vegetal disregard and hence environmental dilapidation. I propose that the solution to this state of affairs rests in a radical change of perspective, one that brings the prevailing, yet defective, Aristotelian paradigm together with its expectations on how Nature should behave to an end. Enacted, such change releases us into a new experience of reality, where the coherent nature of Nature is revealed.
Synthesis and evaluation of cell-permeable biotinylated PU-H71 derivatives as tumor Hsp90 probes
Authors: Taldone Tony , Rodina Anna , DaGama Gomes Erica M , Riolo Matthew , Patel Hardik J , Alonso-Sabadell Raul , Zatorska Danuta , Patel Maulik R , Kishinevsky Sarah , Chiosis Gabriela
Published: March 2013

The attachment of biotin to a small molecule provides a powerful tool in biology. Here, we present a systematic approach to identify biotinylated analogues of the Hsp90 inhibitor PU-H71 that are capable of permeating cell membranes so as to enable the investigation of Hsp90 complexes in live cells. The identified derivative 2g can isolate Hsp90 through affinity purification and, as we show, represents a unique and useful tool to probe tumor Hsp90 biology in live cells by affinity capture, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. To our knowledge, 2g is the only reported biotinylated Hsp90 probe to have such combined characteristics.
Le revenu universel : une véritable perspective inclusive pour les personnes en situation de handicap
Authors: Presse Patrick
Published: March 2013

La loi du 11 février 2005 initie le principe de l’inclusion des personnes en situation de handicap. L’école, la formation et le travail ont l’obligation de mettre en œuvre les modalités d’accueil des personnes vivant avec des particularités. Pour autant, nombre de résistances existent encore, presque huit années plus tard, autant dans les esprits que dans les actes.
Les intermittents du spectacle
Authors: Grégoire Mathieu
Published: March 2013

Le régime des intermittents du spectacle constitue une expérience historique de socialisation massive des salaires. Même si le régime d’indemnisation des intermittents et la revendication de revenu inconditionnel/universel présentent de nombreuses différences de nature, l’expérience historique du premier permet d’éclairer et d’interroger les potentialités et les apories de la seconde. Les mécanismes de socialisation du salaire au fondement du régime des intermittents subvertissent profondément l’ordre salarial ordinaire. Pour autant, le salariat, comme rapport social, a constitué la condition économique, historique et sociale de cette dynamique d’émancipation.
Le travail, sa valeur et la gauche
Authors: Vicherat Denis
Published: March 2013

Travail, valeur travail, gauche : trois notions apparemment simples, mais qui font l’objet de controverses et d’interprétations variables, surtout lorsqu’on les juxtapose. Commençons donc par définir, en acceptant une part de convention, ce que nous entendons par ces trois termes.
Allocation universelle et économie solidaire : une alliance au nom de la démocratie
Authors: Dacheux Éric , Goujon Daniel
Published: March 2013

L’économie solidaire est un mouvement citoyen visant à démocratiser l’économie, c’est-à-dire à favoriser l’autonomie et la participation, tant au sein des entreprises que dans l’espace public. Dans ce cadre, il est évident que la question du dépassement du travail salarié, mode de subordination à une autorité économique non choisie, est une question centrale. C’est cette question que nous nous proposons d’aborder ici en montrant qu’une alliance entre économie solidaire et revenu d’existence est nécessaire.
Des « coopératives municipales » pour des travailleurs « autonomes »
Authors: Zin Jean
Published: March 2013

Toutes les versions du revenu garanti ne se valent pas, exprimant au contraire toute une gamme de projets différents. On ne peut donner un sens à un dispositif isolé que si on lui fait jouer un rôle dans l’organisation sociale. Ce qui peut aller, pour un revenu garanti, de la simple mesure sociale, d’un palliatif au marché du travail assurant juste une consommation minimum, jusqu’à l’élément d’un nouveau système de production relocalisé qui change la façon de produire en donnant accès au « travail choisi ».
Expérimentations locales : une voie pragmatique vers la mise en place du revenu universel ?
Authors: Jourdan Stanislas
Published: March 2013

Mises en place en premier lieu dans les années 1970 à des fins de recherche et d’anticipation des effets du revenu de base, les expérimentations sociales sont devenues de véritables opérations d’activisme. En Namibie comme au Brésil, en Inde et ailleurs encore, les activistes ne travaillent plus tant à tester le concept qu’à le faire vivre localement, espérant ainsi convaincre les décideurs de la pertinence de l’idée. Avec un certain succès pour la diffusion de l’idée dans le monde, et parfois même un impact concret sur les politiques gouvernementales.
Lecture géopolitique d'un produit alimentaire mondialisé : le vin
Authors: Dubois Stéphane
Published: March 2013

La globalisation des échanges impacte tous les produits alimentaires au xxi e siècle. Cet article propose d’analyser la mondialisation et la géopolitique des produits vinicoles. Il s’agit de comprendre que le vin constitue un important révélateur des dynamiques de la mondialisation, des logiques de territoire et des rapports de force commerciaux. À travers une perspective historique, l’auteur montre que les évolutions de la production et de la commercialisation du vin suivent les grandes tendances géoéconomiques mondiales. Il dégage les orientations actuelles du vin et dresse l’état des lieux de la production, de la consommation et de l’exportation au niveau mondial. Le glissement de l’Occident vers l’Asie (et notamment vers la Chine), la montée en puissance du développement durable et la financiarisation des marchés sont autant de facteurs que l’auteur applique à son analyse du monde vitivinicole.
Pour une théorie non subjectiviste de la subjectivité : Jacques Lacan relu par Michel Pêcheux
Authors: Gillot Pascale
Published: March 2013

J’examine dans cet article les enjeux de la « réinscription non idéaliste » de la pensée de Jacques Lacan, dans ce courant de la philosophie française marqué par le travail de Louis Althusser, et sa théorie de l’idéologie. J’explore plus particulièrement dans ce but l’« analyse du discours » proposée dans les années 1970 par Michel Pêcheux, sous la double influence d’Althusser et de Lacan, et destinée à promouvoir une théorie non subjectiviste de la subjectivité.
Jacques Lacan et le matérialisme sadien
Authors: Marty Éric
Published: March 2013

De tous les philosophes croisés par Lacan, nul doute que Sade est celui dont l’adhésion à un matérialisme intégral est la plus explicitement revendiquée. Si Lacan prend Sade au sérieux, c’est parce que l’hypermatérialisme de Sade pose un problème bien énoncé dans la séance du 21 janvier 1970 de son Séminaire L’envers de la psychanalyse où se laisse découvrir un matérialisme de la jouissance.
L'étiologie psychanalytique en criminologie dans l'œuvre de Lacan
Authors: Kaltenbeck Franz
Published: March 2013

Dans ses « Complexes familiaux » (1938), Lacan a commencé à élaborer les concepts nécessaires pour analyser l’envie. Plus efficaces que ceux de Melanie Klein, ils nous aident à éclairer certains crimes dont des agressions sexuelles. Ainsi, nous découvrons chez des sujets, dans l’anamnèse de leurs psychoses et perversions, pour les agressions sexuelles commises plus tard dans leur vie, l’impact d’une rivalité indépassable vis-à-vis d’un frère. Mais l’envie n’est pas seulement un affect individuel. Pour l’historien Götz Aly, c’est l’envie des Allemands à l’égard des juifs qui est à l’origine d’une haine ayant abouti à la Shoah. L’appareil théorique mis à notre disposition par Lacan nous permet de tenir compte de ces manifestations individuelles et collectives de l’envie.
Exploring and Addressing Faculty-to-Faculty Incivility: A National Perspective and Literature Review
Authors: Clark Cynthia M. , Olender Lynda , Kenski Diane , Cardoni Cari
Published: March 2013

This is the first-known quantitative study to measure nursing faculty perceptions of faculty-to-faculty incivility. A total of 588 nursing faculty representing 40 states in the United States participated in the study. Faculty-to-faculty incivility was perceived as a moderate to serious problem. The behaviors reported to be most uncivil included setting a coworker up to fail, making rude remarks or put-downs, and making personal attacks or threatening comments. The most frequently occurring incivilities included resisting change, failing to perform one’s share of the workload, distracting others by using media devices during meetings, refusing to communicate on work-related issues, and making rude comments or put-downs. Stress and demanding workloads were two of the factors most likely to contribute to faculty-to-faculty incivility. Fear of retaliation, lack of administrative support, and lack of clear policies were cited as the top reasons for avoiding addressing the problem of incivility. [J Nurs Educ. 2013;52(4):211–218.]
Survey of Advanced Practice Student Clinical Preceptors
Authors: Wiseman Rebecca F.
Published: March 2013

Most nursing schools use preceptors to provide critical elements of practice, instruction, and supervision. It is important to understand the factors influencing preceptors to volunteer their time and expertise. The purpose of this survey of advanced practice student clinical preceptors was twofold: to determine the barriers to and motivators for providing clinical mentoring and evaluation, and to determine the need for educational preparation to facilitate their roles as clinical preceptors. An online survey was distributed to a convenience sample of active clinical preceptors from multiple graduate-level programs. Responses to items in the categories of organizational support; rewards, disincentives, and barriers; relationship with school of nursing faculty members; and preparation for the preceptor role offered insights into the challenges and rewards that preceptors experience in their practice settings. This study’s findings will be useful in understanding some of the issues that contribute to the shortages. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2013;52(5):253–258.]
Intacs Followed by MyoRing Implantation in Severe Keratoconus
Authors: Behrouz Mahmoud Jabbarvand , Hashemian Hesam , Khodaparast Mehdi , Rad Ahmad Salamat , Shadravan Mahla
Published: March 2013

PURPOSE:

To describe the outcome of complete intrastromal ring (MyoRing, DIOPTEX GmBH, Linz, Austria) implantation following intrastromal corneal ring segment (Intacs, Addition Technology, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA) implantation for severe keratoconus.

METHODS:

Case report.

RESULTS:

A MyoRing was implanted in a keratoconic patient who had undergone a previous Intacs implantation surgery 4 years previously without Intacs explantation and had residual refractive error. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. After 1 year; mean keratometric power decreased from 50.3 to 43.6 diopters, uncorrected distance visual acuity improved from 20/400 to 20/50, and corrected distance visual acuity improved from 20/200 to 20/30.

CONCLUSIONS:

In selected severe keratoconus cases with high myopia and steep keratometry previously treated with Intacs implantation, if significant residual refractive error is observed, secondary implantation of MyoRing over Intacs may improve vision and refraction.

[
J Refract Surg.
2013;29(5):364–366.]
Corneal Ectasia Secondary to LASIK After Arcuate Keratotomy
Authors: Ghanem Ramon C. , Ghanem Marcielle A. , Bogoni Ayla , Ghanem Vinícius C.
Published: March 2013

PURPOSE:

To present a case of corneal ectasia after LASIK in a patient with previous arcuate keratotomy.

METHODS:

Case report.

RESULTS:

The patient underwent arcuate keratotomy in both eyes in 1997 for with-the-rule regular hyperopic astigmatism and uneventful bilateral LASIK for residual astigmatism 5 years later. Visual acuity and refraction remained stable for 5 years, when the patient noticed worsening visual acuity. Corneal topography showed progressive inferior steepening, confirming the diagnosis of ectasia. Corneal high-resolution optical coherence tomography revealed a normal LASIK flap. The patient had no risk factors for corneal ectasia other than previous incisional surgery.

CONCLUSIONS:

This case suggests that isolated arcuate keratotomy can be a significant risk factor for the development of corneal ectasia after LASIK.

[
J Refract Surg.
2013;29(6):426–429.]
Reflection on Chinese boys' love fans: An insider's view
Authors: Yi Erika Junhui
Published: March 2013

The fandom of BL, as it is known in China, celebrates explicit homoerotic relationships between boys or men—fictional characters taken from mainstream media, real-life celebrities, and male personifications of day-to-day objects and animals, as well as original characters. Mainstream media reports on BL fandom and BL fan girls in China have never been favorable; this subculture and the fans within it are constantly represented in a negative and biased light. But because I am a BL fan girl myself, I can offer an insider's perspective. This essay is a reflection on my personal experiences and observations as a member of BL fandom, and a response to erroneous, stigmatizing claims and moral panic about this community in China.
Transplanted boys' love conventions and anti-"shota" polemics in a German manga: Fahr Sindram's "Losing Neverland"
Authors: Malone Paul M.
Published: March 2013

Although manga arrived somewhat later in Germany than elsewhere in the West, the local publishers rapidly capitalized on its appeal to female readers and began fostering local manga artists in Germany. These are mainly young women producing shōjo manga, and increasingly integrating popular boys' love elements into their work. An unusual example of such work is Fahr Sindram's Losing Neverland, the story of an adolescent in Victorian London whose widowed father prostitutes him to middle-class men. Suggestive, though not visually explicit, such a story would likely run afoul of German and European Union laws against child pornography, were it not for the fact that Sindram continually reminds the reader that Neverland is in fact intended to raise awareness of child abuse and protest the dissemination of Japanese child pornography in Germany. Sindram thus openly advertises her work as a polemic, intended to mobilize the censorship of works seemingly much like her own; as a result, Losing Neverland has not only been socially accepted but even praised, earning an honorable citation from Germany's federal Council for Sustainable Development. Sindram's work thus accepts and capitalizes upon the globalizing aesthetic influence of manga, while at the same time adopting a defensive, quasi-protectionist stance against the spread of certain overtly foreign sexual attitudes associated with manga—and is visibly rewarded for doing so.
Where program and fantasy meet: Female fans conversing with character bots in Japan
Authors: Nishimura Keiko
Published: March 2013

Character bots are automated programs that post—that is, tweet—characters' lines from popular manga, anime, games, and so on. They post regularly, and in the past few years they have become difficult to ignore, especially in fan communities. Many fans take great pleasure in interacting with favorite characters as bots; rhey also enjoy the communities that spring up around favorite series, characters, and, yes, even bots. Here I adopt an ethnographic approach to analyze the human dimensions of the phenomenon of character bots, based on participant observation among female fans in Japan.
possibilities of research on "fujoshi" in Japan
Authors: Suzuki Midori
Published: March 2013

Today, people who are referred to as fujoshi exist in every part of the world. Especially in Japan, many women admit to liking genres such as yaoi and boys' love (BL). In the new millennium, the word fujoshi has traveled beyond fannish circles and has come into general use in Japanese popular media, reflecting the fact that fujoshi are no longer necessarily an underground phenomenon. Here, I trace the origins of the word fujoshi, consider whether reading of male-male romance was established before the word appeared, examine research on fujoshi in Japan, and finally look at why fujoshi have become an object of study.
Exploring E-Planning Practices in Different Contexts
Authors: Wallin Sirkku , Saad-Sulonen Joanna , Amati Marco , Horelli Liisa
Published: March 2013

As planners and decision-makers experiment with information and communication technologies (ICTs), it’s important to explore and analyze these attempts in different planning systems and contexts. The aim of the article is to compare the use of and aspirations attached to e-planning in Helsinki, Finland and Sydney, Australia. This comparison will highlight the interrelationship between planning context and its amenability to an e-planning approach and shows there are shared themes in both cases: firstly, the complexity involved in reconciling the aims of the e-planning experiments and their connection to the planning process itself (roles, objectives, implementation of tools and processes). Secondly, the way that e-planning opens up cracks in the façade of administration, and thirdly, the ways in which e-planning provides possibilities to reshape existing planning procedures. The authors argue that the different planning and governance contexts affect the adoption of e-planning and this adoption is necessarily a selective process.
Dehydration and Performance on Clinical Concussion Measures in Collegiate Wrestlers
Authors: Weber Amanda Friedline , Mihalik Jason P. , Register-Mihalik Johna K. , Mays Sally , Prentice William E. , Guskiewicz Kevin M.
Published: March 2013

Context:

The effects of dehydration induced by wrestling-related weight-cutting tactics on clinical concussion outcomes, such as neurocognitive function, balance performance, and symptoms, have not been adequately studied.

Objective:

To evaluate the effects of dehydration on the outcome of clinical concussion measures in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate wrestlers.

Design:

Repeated-measures design.

Setting:

Clinical research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:

Thirty-two Division I healthy collegiate male wrestlers (age = 20.0 ± 1.4 years; height = 175.0 ± 7.5 cm; baseline mass = 79.2 ± 12.6 kg).

Intervention(s):

Participants completed preseason concussion baseline testing in early September. Weight and urine samples were also collected at this time. All participants reported to prewrestling practice and postwrestling practice for the same test battery and protocol in mid-October. They had begun practicing weight-cutting tactics a day before prepractice and postpractice testing. Differences between these measures permitted us to evaluate how dehydration and weight-cutting tactics affected concussion measures.

Main Outcome Measures:

Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 2 (SCAT2), Balance Error Scoring System, Graded Symptom Checklist, and Simple Reaction Time scores. The Simple Reaction Time was measured using the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics.

Results:

The SCAT2 measurements were lower at prepractice (P = .002) and postpractice (P < .001) when compared with baseline. The BESS error scores were higher at postpractice when compared with baseline (P = .015). The GSC severity scores were higher at prepractice (P = .011) and postpractice (P < .001) than at baseline and at postpractice when than at prepractice (P = .003). The number of Graded Symptom Checklist symptoms reported was also higher at prepractice (P = .036) and postpractice (P < .001) when compared with baseline, and at postpractice when compared with prepractice (P = .003).

Conclusions:

Our results suggest that it is important for wrestlers to be evaluated in a euhydrated state to ensure that dehydration is not influencing the outcome of the clinical measures.
Pancreatic Laceration in a Female Collegiate Soccer Athlete: A Case Report
Authors: Powers Michael E. , Tropeano Michelle , Priestman Diana
Published: March 2013

Objective:

To characterize the diagnosis of pancreatic trauma in an athletic population and to raise awareness among health care providers of the possibility of this life- and organ-threatening injury.

Background:

An 18-year-old, previously healthy female collegiate soccer athlete sustained a direct blow from an opponent's knee between the left and right upper abdominal quadrants while attempting to head the ball. She initially presented with only minimal nausea and discomfort, but this progressed to abdominal pain, tenderness, spasm, and vomiting. She was referred to the emergency department, where she was diagnosed with a pancreatic laceration.

Differential Diagnosis:

Duodenal, hepatic, or splenic contusion or laceration; hemorrhagic ovarian cyst.

Treatment:

The patient underwent a distal pancreatectomy and total splenectomy.

Uniqueness:

Pancreatic injuries, particularly those severe enough to warrant surgical intervention, are extremely rare in athletes.

Conclusions:

Recognition of a pancreatic injury can be very challenging outside the hospital setting. This is problematic, because a delay in diagnosis is a significant source of preventable morbidity and mortality after this rare injury. Thus, early identification depends on a high index of suspicion, a thorough examination, and close observation. It is imperative that athletic trainers and other health care professionals be able to identify this condition so that referral and management can occur without delay.
High School Automated External Defibrillator Programs as Markers of Emergency Preparedness for Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Toresdahl Brett G. , Harmon Kimberly G. , Drezner Jonathan A.
Published: March 2013

Context:

School-based automated external defibrillator (AED) programs have demonstrated a high survival rate for individuals suffering sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in US high schools.

Objective:

To examine the relationship between high schools having an AED on campus and other measures of emergency preparedness for SCA.

Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Setting:

United States high schools, December 2006 to September 2009.

Patients or Other Participants:

Principals, athletic directors, school nurses, and certified athletic trainers represented 3371 high schools.

Main Outcome Measure(s):

Comprehensive surveys on emergency planning for SCA submitted by high school representatives to the National Registry for AED Use in Sports from December 2006 to September 2009. Schools with and without AEDs were compared to assess other elements of emergency preparedness for SCA.

Results:

A total of 2784 schools (82.6%) reported having 1 or more AEDs on campus, with an average of 2.8 AEDs per school; 587 schools (17.4%) had no AEDs. Schools with an enrollment of more than 500 students were more likely to have an AED (relative risk [RR] = 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08, 1.16, P < .01). Suburban schools were more likely to have an AED than were rural (RR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.11, P < .01), urban (RR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.16, P < .01), or inner-city schools (RR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.23, P < .01). Schools with 1 or more AEDs were more likely to ensure access to early defibrillation (RR = 3.45, 95% CI = 2.97, 3.99, P < .01), establish an emergency action plan for SCA (RR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.67, 2.00, P < .01), review the emergency action plan at least annually (RR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.58, 2.50, P < .01), consult emergency medical services to develop the emergency action plan (RR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.05, 1.32, P < .01), and establish a communication system to activate emergency responders (RR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.08, P < .01).

Conclusions:

High schools with AED programs were more likely to establish a comprehensive emergency response plan for SCA. Implementing school-based AED programs is a key step associated with emergency planning for young athletes with SCA.