bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CIGARETTES, DRUGS, AND BULLYING AMONG ISLAMIC SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: AGUSTINE ELEONORA , SUGANDA FILDZA NURFAJRINA , ZUFAR HAFIZH AIM , BAHJAH FIRDA HANAN , DAKOSTA ANGELINA , NUGRAHA MUHAMMAD  ADHITYA , MAGDALENA ERIN WULAN , NOVIANDRI KUSNAEDI CHELSEA SUCIATI , YUSUF RAYHAN SALPA , NUR PRIYANSYAH RIFKI , SRIGUTOMO HILMY REY HANZYAD , RAMADHAN RIZKY  RIYADI , FEBRIAN RIZAL NUR , BALEY BUNAIYA RIZKY , KAERUDIN NANDIRA PUTRI , INTANIA FINA FERINA , FERDIANA MICHELLE LAURA , KENCANA MAHYANA MAIRUBI , HYANI FATHIRIZQI FAWWAZ
Published: July 2024

Juvenile delinquency (such as smoking, drug use, and acts of bullying) is prone to occur after the COVID-19 pandemic and during digitalization, including students in Islamic-based schools. This study aims to examine the perceptions and attitudes of Islamic school students towards smoking, drugs, and bullying, the demographic differences, and the relationship between these variables. The survey was conducted by distributing 26 questions to 94 Islamic school students. Data were processed using descriptive analysis, comparative (t test and ANOVA) and correlation (pearson correlation test). The results showed that almost half of the students had smoked with the male predominance. Perception toward smoking, attitude towards drugs, and bullying were good in each group; shows the contribution of Islamic education to juvenile delinquency. However, perception towards cigarettes and drugs were significantly higher in the upper grade and anti-bullying attitudes were also significantly higher in the group of students who had never smoked. Based on the results of this study, perception towards smoking, attitude towards drugs, and bullying are interrelated so that handling one variable of juvenile delinquency can have an impact on other variables.
DEVELOPMENT OF RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY BASED ON RELIGIOUS VALUES IN IMPROVING STUDENT DISCIPLINE
Authors: SAPUTRI SITI WAHYUNINGSIH , BAFADAL IQBAL , MARETA MIRA
Published: July 2024

The behavior of students in the world of education is always developing in all aspects. This form of development leads not only to positive things, but also to negative things. This research was motivated by the high level of disciplinary violations that occurred at MTS NW Pringgasela, Pringgasela District, East Lombok Regency, especially students in grades VIII and IX. The purpose of this study is to develop rational emotive behavior therapy counseling based on religious values in improving discipline. The method used is Research and Development where researchers first create the concept of rational emotive behavior therapy based on religious values through Qur'anic verses surah An-Nisa and wisdom stories about the Art of Living a Life Full of Meaning in improving discipline that is tested on a limited basis. The results showed that with rational emotive behavior therapy counseling based on religious values through Qur'anic verses surah An-Nisa and wisdom stories about the art of living a meaningful life in improving discipline was effectively used in helping to improve student discipline
THE ROLE OF SEXUAL PSYCHOEDUCATION IN FOSTERING SEXUAL AWARENESS AND SELF-DEFENSE SKILLS IN MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH STUDENTS
Authors: Mierrina Mierrina , Chairiyah Ummy , Maslahul Adi Nur Romdlon
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine the level of sexual knowledge and sexual awareness among students and assess the impact of the sexual awareness and self-defense program on madrasah tsanawiyah students. The researcher implemented a sexual awareness and self-defense program through sexual psychoeducation for madrasah tsanawiyah students.  This research employs an experimental design known as the One Group Pre-test – Post-test Design. Data were collected through data collection instruments or scales measuring sexual knowledge and sexual awareness. The research findings the average scores of sexual knowledge and sexual awareness abilities showed an increase from pre-test to post-test. In the pre-test, the average score for these abilities was 13.33, whereas in the post-test, the abilities of students who had undergone the psychoeducational program on sexual awareness and self-defense improved to an average of 23.05. There is a noticeable mean difference that indicates improvement following the implementation of the sexual awareness and self-defense program. The Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test conducted on the results yielded a z-value of 7.540 with a probability/significance level of 0.000 (p value ? 0.05).
Efectividad de intervención educativa en el conocimiento de jóvenes sobre la prevención de prácticas sexuales riesgosas.
Authors: Zambrano Lozano Alessandro , Luna Villanueva Rossana Viana , Meléndez De la Cruz Julia Raquel
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de la intervención educativa de enfermería en el nivel de conocimiento sobre prevención de prácticas sexuales riesgosas, en jóvenes de una comunidad de Lamas- Región San Martín, 2022. Material y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, de diseño preexperimental, participaron 63 jóvenes que cumplieron con los criterios de selección. Se aplicó un cuestionario de manera presencial pre y post test, respetando todas las medidas de bioseguridad, previo consentimiento informado y se desarrollaron 2 intervenciones educativas. Para comparar el nivel de conocimiento antes y después de la intervención se utilizó la prueba de los rangos con signo de Wilcoxon. Resultados: Se encontró que el nivel de conocimiento sobre prevención de prácticas sexuales riesgosas en jóvenes antes de la intervención educativa fue alto en un 46% y después en un 100%, por lo que, las diferencias observadas entre la evaluación previa y posterior fueron significativas (p < 0,005). Conclusiones: La intervención educativa de enfermería fue efectiva, ya que incrementó el nivel de conocimiento de los jóvenes sobre prevención de prácticas sexuales riesgosas.
Estilos de afrontamiento en mujeres sometidas a mastectomía
Authors: Padilla Rosales Deysi Pamela , Campos Cuenca Leonor Karen , Obando Zegarra Roxana
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: identificar los métodos de afrontamiento utilizados por mujeres que han experimentado mastectomía debido al cáncer de mama en el Hospital Santa Rosa, Lima. Material y método: investigación de enfoque cuantitativo, nivel descriptivo, de tipo transversal, con la participación de 30 mujeres sometidas a mastectomía y que fueron atendidas en el servicio de oncología, cumpliendo con los requisitos de inclusión. Se utilizó la herramienta Google Form para administrar el cuestionario COPE. Resultados: 90.0% de las mujeres hicieron uso del AE, 6.7% del AP y en otros estilos adicionales el 33% como la distracción, conductas inadecuadas, y la negación Conclusiones: el estilo de afrontamiento predominante, en el contexto de este estudio, fue el centrado en la emoción.
The Monarchies of the Persian Gulf and Central Asia
Authors: Malysheva D.
Published: July 2024

The principal investigative goal of the present research is aimed at revealing the parameters and main directions of political and economic interaction between the Arabian monarchies and post-Soviet Central Asia (CA). The analysis takes into account the cardinal changes in the world system, where the formation of a polycentric world order is in full swing against the background of rejection of the monopolar model of world development. The place of the Arab states of the Persian Gulf in this order is determined by their increased foreign policy ambitions, supported by super-profits from the sale of oil and gas. The article also addresses an important issue of perception of the wealthy Arabian monarchies and their regional association, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), in Central Asia as a rather attractive foreign policy alternative. The Arab states of the Persian Gulf are currently intensifying their interaction with the Central Asian region, which offers them considerable opportunities in political, trade, and economic spheres. The interest of the Arabian monarchies, members of the Gulf Cooperation Council, in Central Asia is also in line with their intentions to establish themselves as an independent geopolitical center. In turn, Central Asian countries hope to accelerate their economic modernization with the help of Arab investment and to broaden the horizons of international cooperation through interaction with the GCC. The Central Asian countries also do not give up hopes for the inflow of Arab investments, which are so essential to their development. In the context of growing geopolitical turbulence and a competitive environment, post-Soviet Central Asia opens up new horizons of international cooperation.
Šta možemo da radimo i kakve živote možemo da vodimo?
Authors: Konjović Marko , Radovanović Bojana , Bulatović Aleksandra
Published: July 2024

U ovom radu razmatra se pristup zasnovan na sposobnostima kao pojmovni okvir za procenjivanje ljudskog blagostanja, te kao normativna paradigma za procenjivanje društvenog razvoja i društvene pravde. Pristup zasnovan na sposobnostima predstavlja alternativno i bogatije viđenje društvenog razvoja, odnosno viđenje koje podrazumeva da ljudi imaju slobodu da ostvare svoje potencijale i da vode živote koje imaju razloga da vrednuju. Pored toga, pristup zasnovan na sposobnostima brani ideju da društvena pravda zahteva obezbeđivanje određenih vrednih sposobnosti svim građanima i građankama barem do nivoa koji je potreban za minimalno dostojanstven život. Poseban akcenat ovog rada stavljen je na jedan ključan problem koji opseda pristup zasnovan na sposobnostima. Naime, koje su sposobnosti vredne? Kako ih treba odrediti? Analizirajući „teorijsko-refleksivni pristup” i „deliberativno-demokratskipristup” kao međusobno suprotstavljene pristupe projektu određenja vrednih ljudskih sposobnosti za normativne svrhe, nastojimo da pokažemo da je moguće kombinovati ova dva pristupa na plodonosan način.
Ravnopravnost spolova u kaznenoj politici prema nametljivom ponašanju u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Vranek Tena , Petković Krešimir
Published: July 2024

Nametljivo je ponašanje uzrok psihološke štete, oblik viktimizacije i upozorenje za buduće nasilje. Kao kazneno djelo uvedeno je u Kazneni zakon Republike Hrvatske koji je stupio na snagu 2013. godine, no i dalje postoje problemi s njegovim preciznim određenjem. S obzirom na to da su žrtve nametljivog ponašanja u većini slučajeva žene, često se zanemaruje činjenica da ovo kazneno djelo nije spolno specifično. Iako je kroz studije dokazano da se žene počinitelji u bitnom ne razlikuju od muškaraca, zbog predrasuda često dolazi do podcjenjivanja potencijala žene za nasilje. Cilj ove studije jest utvrditi postoji li ravnopravnost spolova u kaznenoj politici prema nametljivom ponašanju u Hrvatskoj. Kako bi odgovorili na ovo pitanje, analizirali smo sudske presuda različitih sudova u Hrvatskoj, a kroz anketni upitnik dobili uvid u percepciju građana u Hrvatskoj o ovome kaznenom djelu.
Greening the Grassroots: Evaluating Environmental Management in Nigeria's Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
Authors: Amiolemen Sunday , Adenekan Olapeju , Ologeh Idowu , Omoyajowo Koleayo , Oludoye Oluseye , Raimi Morufu
Published: July 2024

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are recognized as the main drivers of economic growth and development in many countries throughout the world. SMEs represent about 90% of the manufacturing sector and contribute about 14% of the total manufacturing contribution to GDP. Despite SMEs’ potential to change Nigeria’s status from a consumer economy to a production economy, policies that will ensure that environmentally- friendly manufacturing processes and production technology are not implemented or complied with. SMEs’ operational activities may be deleterious to human health and the ecosystem if environmental management practices are not adopted or prioritized. This paper evaluated the perception and adoption of the Environmental Management System, mainly ISO 14001, by SMEs in Nigeria. One hundred and fifty (150) SMEs in the manufacturing sector in Lagos and Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria, were randomly selected for this study. The paper posits that environmental management literacy and advocacy should be carried out in SMEs. Environmental management practices involve engaging both industries and product end-users in sustainable practices. The paper concludes that the implementation of environmental management practices and culture by SMEs will abate environmental pollution and its concomitant health risks to humans, the environment, flora, and fauna. Mandatory and voluntary environmental measures are suggested as a means of engendering eco-friendly innovation for sustainable development, triggering employment, job security, and gross domestic product.
Factors Influencing the Financial Management Behavior of PayLater Users
Authors: Putri Sari Widyaningtyas , Ayatulloh Michael Musyaffi  , Gentiga Muhammad Zairin
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of financial literacy, financial socialization, and financial self-efficacy on the financial management behavior of PayLater users in the Jabodetabek area. The sampling method uses convenience sampling. Data collection uses a survey method by distributing questionnaires. In this study, 100 respondents were obtained who met the criteria with statistical analysis using Structural Equation Modeling - Partial least square (SEM - PLS). The results showed that the three independent variables had an effect on financial management behavior. From the research results, it is hoped that paylater users will improve their financial understanding and learn to manage finances wisely, such as making financial plans, paying paylater bills on time, and limiting themselves in using excess paylater. Good financial management behavior can prevent individuals from financial problems and the risk of defaulting on paylater bills.
Factors Influencing the Adoption of QRIS Digital Payments in MSMEs
Authors: Santika Anaya Zahra , Musyaffi Ayatulloh Michael , Zairin Gentiga Muhammad
Published: July 2024

This study examines factors influencing the adoption of QRIS digital payments in MSMEs in West Jakarta. QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard) standardises QR codes for easier transactions. Utilising the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework, this research investigates the impact of Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, and Financial Literacy on Behavioural Intention to use QRIS. Data were collected via a survey of MSME owners using QRIS and analysed with SmartPLS software using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method. Findings indicate that Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, and Financial Literacy significantly influence Behavioural Intention. This research contributes to understanding digital payment technology adoption among MSMEs and provides insights for policy development to boost QRIS use. Future research should expand geographic coverage, sample size, and explore additional financial technologies to understand adoption challenges and opportunities more comprehensively.
Legal Reform of Zakat Management Based on Personal Data Protection Law in Indonesia
Authors: Rahmatullah Indra , Suwadi Pujiyono , Purwadi Hari
Published: July 2024

This article proposes the idea of accommodating the concept of personal data protection in zakat management law in Indonesia. It is because the Zakat Management Organization and online platforms that facilitate zakat payments online still need legal certainty regarding collecting, using, and reporting personal data about zakat payers (muzakki). There needs to be more clarity on the types of muzakki's personal data that can be collected and reported by Zakat Management Organization and online platforms to the government, which creates the potential for a muzakki's personal data breach. This article uses normative legal research methods with statutory and conceptual approaches. In conclusion, a mutually agreed-upon personal data protection agreement is required between Zakat Management Organization, the online platform, and muzakki. Therefore, it is necessary to reform the zakat management law to be adaptive to personal data protection by amending Law Number 23 of 2011 concerning the Management of Zakat.
Strategi Coping dalam Menghadapi Kematian Ibu pada Wanita Dewasa yang Mengalami Fatherless
Authors: Arhadita Inocencia Vivinca , Darmawanti Ira
Published: July 2024

The death of a mother brings deep mourning to a daughter, especially when faced without the presence of a father figure or fatherless. Its indirect effects pose their own challenges in navigating life after the loss of a mother. The importance of addressing grief by selecting appropriate strategies significantly influences how one continues their life. This research aims to understand the experiences of the subjects, who are early adult women, in facing life after the death of their mother, and to analyze the coping strategies used. In the context of this research, the case study method is employed to deeply understand the experiences and coping strategies of adult women in facing the death of a mother and fatherlessness. The research findings indicate that external and internal support, as well as the use of positive and negative coping strategies, have different impacts.
Persuasive Communication of DKBP3A as a Form of Early Marriage Prevention Power to Minimize Domestic Violence and Perpetrator’s Mental Disorders
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sri , Kurniasari Netty Dyah , Manafe Yeremia Djefri , Andriyanto Riski Bayu , Putri Efendi Devian Ayu
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to know, analyze, and explore, persuasive communication of stakeholders of DKBP3A as a form of early marriage prevention power to minimize domestic violence and mental disorders of perpetrators. The research method uses descriptive qualitative, constructivistic paradigm, with a case study approach. Informant technique using purposive sampling, The subject in this study is DPKP3A Bangkalan. The object of his research is persuasive communication of DKBP3A stakeholders as a form of early marriage prevention power to minimize domestic violence and mental disorders of perpetrators. Data collection techniques through observation of in-depth interviews, documentation, audio-visual materials. Data analysis techniques by reducing data, playing data by making categories and discussions, and drawing conclusions. Validity techniques through triangulation and member check. Research Location in Madura. Persuasive communication from DKBP3A in suppressing early marriage to minimize domestic violence and mental disorders is  by socializing the prevention of early marriage, socializing the ideal age for marriage, pre-wedding socialization for prospective brides and grooms going directly to the village through GENRE (Generation Planning), socializing through pamphlets, socializing through banners, and can also use persuasive communication through social media that reaches teenagers, because of his tendency to play social media. As for other findings, apart from socialization, there are obstacles in running the program, namely there is no budget support from the government in 2023. The solution is that DKBP3A continues to run the program by reaching out to the lower classes of society together with cadres who have been previously trained so that the DKBP3A program continues to run.
Development of Coastal Tourism Potential Lombang Beach Based on Customer Perceived Value
Authors: Atika Mery , Ariyani Yan , Risqullah Alfiyan
Published: July 2024

The potential that exists in the northern coastal area of Sumenep Regency is very diverse and abundant. In line with the sector that is being intensively developed by the Indonesian government, namely the tourism sector. Indonesia is also classified as a maritime country which certainly makes it one of the various factors why Indonesia is aggressively developing the coastal or marine tourism sector. This is inseparable from the principle of sustainable tourism development which maintains the integrity of natural, economic and social development, and ensures the maintenance of natural and cultural resources. Considering that Madura is a popular tourist island with 126 small islands and 48 inhabited islands, Sumenep Regency has the greatest potential for the development of coastal or marine tourism in Madura. The purpose of this study was to determine the development of coastal tourism in Lombang Beach based on customer perceived value in Sumenep.   This research is a community mapping using qualitative methods with semi-structured interviews to obtain in-depth results in describing research results based on aspect categories.  The research respondents were 24 Lombang beach tourists in Sumenep. The results of this study present a from of development that has been concluded based on costumer perceived value,  where the results of respondents' submission based on aspects are described with different levels, as for things that need to be maintained, improved and developed from Lombang Beach both in terms of services, environment, and physical facilities in order to provide a positive experience to Lombang Beach tourists.Keywords:  Coastal Tourism, Customer Perceived Value, Lombang Beach, Sumenep, Community Mapping
Indian Lettre Philosophique: the Lecture On the Nature and Importance of Historical Studies by Krishnamohun Banerjea. Banerjea, Krishnamohun, On the Nature and Importance of Historical Studies, Trans. by Tatiana G. Skorokhodova, ed. by Anna A. Neivirt
Authors: Skorokhodova Tatiana ,   Penza State University
Published: July 2024

The lecture On the Nature and Importance of Historical Studies by Krishnamo­hun Banerjea (1838) and the first Lettre Philosophique by Pyotr Tchaadaev (1836) demonstrate an important parallelism of ideas and meaning in the context of Indian and Russian Modernity. A comparative analysis of the texts by Indian thinker and Russian philosopher is presented in the research. The analogue of Let­tre Philosophique had symbolically begun the period of development of historical consciousness in social thought of Modern India. Both text had raised the prob­lems of crisis condition of thinkers’ own societies, on uncertainty of the future perspectives and possibilities for development, on conscious discovery of the peo­ples by themselves in history and on a meaning of historical consciousness and memory as well as on need of research of own history. In his lecture K. Banerjea had articulated an imperative of creation new and unusual sphere of thinking and study in India. He had denoted three dimensions of Indian Modern problematics: the need for explanation of contemporary crisis based on the knowledge of own history; a searching for experience and the means for a settling of problems in history and a need of historical knowledge for definition of future perspectives and an optimistic view to human perfection and social development.
E.V. Ilyenkov against Positivism
Authors: Muravyev Andrey ,   St. Petersburg State University, Ivanenko Anton ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: July 2024

Based on the material of E.V. Ilyenkov’s latest monograph “Lenin’s Dialectics and Metaphysics of Positivism (Reflections on V.I. Lenin’s book Materialism and Empirioсriticism)”, the authors of the article explore his struggle against neo-positivism. The first part of the article reveals the real reason from the authors’ point of view for the steady popularity of Bacon and Locke’s empiricism as a philosophical prerequisite for any positivism among representatives of the scien­tific and technical intelligentsia. Its reason lies in the reliance of the subject of empirical cognition on sensory perceptions, which establish the connection of human consciousness with the outside world, although they do not yet sepa­rate random and necessary definitions of perceived things from each other, which falls to the lot of abstract thinking. In the second part of the article, it is proved that Ilyenkov, like Lenin, failed to convince his opponents because the polemic of Marxism with positivism was conducted within the limits of an unresolved contradiction between philosophy and experience. The conclusion of the article fixes the need for a dialectical step towards a completely reasonable resolution of the contradiction between philosophy and experience, which was made by E.V. Ilyenkov – an outstanding thinker of the Soviet era.
Kant and Shpet: Convergences and Divergences. An Overview of the International Scientific Conference
Authors: Volodin Andrei ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (IKBFU), Zilber Andrey , Rifalsky Artem ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (IKBFU),   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (IKBFU)
Published: July 2024

The analytical review presents the problematic field of reports and discussions presented at the international scientific conference “Kant and Shpet: conver­gences and divergences”, which was organized by the scientific and research unit “Academia Kantiana” of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University on No­vember 17–18, 2022 in Kaliningrad as part of the “Immanuel Kant and Russian philosophers: convergences and divergences” cycle of scientific events. The theme of the third conference that was dedicated to the perception of Kant’s ideas by Russian philosopher G.G. Shpet united eleven participants, two of which repres­ented foreign universities. The participants of the conference – famous domestic and foreign philosophers and historians of philosophy shared their conceptions and discussed debatable points of view on theoretical correlations in philosoph­ical conceptions of Immanuel Kant and Russian philosopher and phenomenolo­gist Gustav Gustavovich Shpet (1879–1937). During the discussion a wide range of not only historical and philosophical, but also existential, as well as philo­sophical and methodological subjects were touched upon, within the framework of which Shpet’s views on Kant’s heritage were reconstructed: problems of lo­gic, methodology of historical knowledge, philosophy of language, philosophy of culture, epistemology, etc. A summary of reports given and discussions held was reflected in the review in accordance with the order of presentations.
The Emergence, Development, and Meaning of the Concept “Reflection” in Philosophy and Psychology
Authors: Muss Alexander ,   St.-Petersburg State University, Shilova (Ermilova) Viktoriia , Borovikov Andrei , Postovalov Anton , Golovina Marina ,   St.-Petersburg State University,   St.-Petersburg State University,   St.-Petersburg State University,   St.-Petersburg State University
Published: July 2024

This study is an attempt to reconstruct the development of the term “reflection”, which was of great importance within the framework of historical and dialectical materialism and remains one of the central concepts of modern Russian psycho­logy, especially in Leningrad (St. Petersburg) and Moscow schools of psychology. Also, an anthropological analysis of this term would contribute to modern cross-disciplinary studies delivering the psychological vision of the human nature to a broader professional community. To reach this aim, we highlight the specific characteristics of the development of the term “reflection” and identify the three stages of its development: 1) 1920–1960; 2) 1961–1990; 3) from 1991 to the pre­sent. The research shows that the concept and term “reflection” was not a domain of psychological science and thought until the end of the first quarter of the 20th century. So, in the first period of the concept development the attempts were made to actively include it in the discourse of historical and dialectical materialism, the results of which were approved and consolidated through numerous discussions and congresses, while in the second period, discussions arise and develop in rela­tion to the already established idea of reflection as a philosophical category, and the question arises of what actually observed processes can be attributed to it. The third period is already characterized by an appeal to this term outside the con­text of Marxist theory and ideology. The term and the concept remain in active use in psychological theories and concepts.
Freedom, Worldly Power and Divine Power in Alexander S. Pushkin’s Kamennoostrovsky Cycle of Poems
Authors: Tantlevskij Igor ,   Institute of Philosophy, Saint Petersburg State University
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the correlation between the ideas of freedom, first of all the individual freedom, worldly power and Divine power in the poems of Ale­xander S. Pushkin, written on Kamenny Island (St. Petersburg) in the summer of 1836. In the poem From Pindemonti, Pushkin explicitly rejects worldly power, both in the form of autocracy and democracy, and contrasts it with the idea of complete self-sufficiency and freedom of the individual. Pushkin may have been influenced by Fichte with regard to the doctrine of the, in essence, absolute liberty of the individual, French translation of whose Destination of Man (Desti­nation de l’Homme, 1832) is attested in the poet’s library. In Fichte, however, it is exclusively the “will” and “force” of the individual himself that appear to be the “ultimate grounds” of all his activity. In Pushkin’s understanding, however, absolute individual liberty cannot ignore, on the one hand, the Divine basis of the universe, and on the other hand, the fact that man in his highest creative manifestations is guided and inspired by God, obedient to His will (cf., e.g., The Monument). The author does not exclude the possibility that Pushkin implic­itly correlates the mystery presented in the poem of the Kamennoostrovsky cycle From the Italian with the action allegorically described by him in The Prophet (1826), as if contrasting the acts of the devil and Satan in relation to Judas with the acts of the seraphim and God in relation to himself. In general, one gets the impression that with the passage of time Pushkin, to a certain extent, increas­ingly correlates his “soteriological” poetic-spiritual mission with the mission of the New Testament Savior, which finds its highest expression in The Monu­ment. In general, the author concludes that after the death of Alexander I and the defeat of the Decembrists’ revolt, Pushkin increasingly expresses the idea of the unconditional value of the individual as such, the possibility of its spiritual transformation, and when speaking of freedom, less and less he means political or social freedom and more and more he contrasts the power of heaven with the worldly power, which finds its culmination in the poems of the Kamennoost­rovsky cycle. The article also makes an attempt to conditionally distinguish sev­eral main ideological stages in this process.
Oedipus as Myself and as Other: Sophocles’ Tragedy Oedipus Rex in La Violence et le Sacré by René Girard. Part II
Authors: Monin Maxim ,   Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
Published: July 2024

The article examines the theory of violence of the philosopher Rene Girard and the role that Girard’s interpretation of Sophocles’ tragedy Oedipus Rex plays in it. Since the story of Oedipus has repeatedly been the subject of consideration, in particular, by psychoanalysis and structuralism, and since Girard’s own inter­pretation continues and at the same time polemicizes with these interpretations, the article examines the story of Oedipus taking into account the broad context of its modern philosophical, literary, and historical explanations. At the same time, the story of Oedipus itself is analyzed as a sequential layering of levels called in the article “mythological”, “family” and “political”. The article argues that almost all interpretations of the story of Oedipus consider one of these levels as the main one, and, therefore, can also be divided into three types. The inter­pretation of the story of Oedipus in Girard's theory, in accordance with this ty­pology, belongs to those that consider primarily its political aspect, which makes it close to modern problems, but at the same time vulnerable to criticism, since, in accordance with the logic of this interpretation, Oedipus is deprived of the qualities of a character, turning into a toy of impersonal processes, which significantly distorts the meaning of Sophocles’ tragedy in its “classical reading”.
On the Nature of Power in Philosophical and Worldview Content
Authors: Abishev Kazhimurat ,   Institute for Philosophy, Political Science and Religion Studies of Committee Science of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes concept of power in philosophical and worldview content. The analysis is based on the category of freedom. Freedom is understood by authors as universal fundamental basis of human life. It, being outside limits of cause-and-effect relationships, defines itself. This means that a man estab­lishes a law for himself, is able to radically change way of his thinking and be­ing, which can have both positive and negative consequences. Each individual can choose certain values for himself, or he can refuse such a choice. That is, to be “your own master” is freedom of every human individual. Freedom is un­derstood as an opportunity to deny freedom. The peculiarity of human existence consists in substantial rootedness of man in freedom, which constitutes essence of man, generates diversity of his individual and social being, which distin­guishes him from nature, subject to the necessary universal laws. From this posi­tion of understanding of freedom, the authors deduce the concept of power as freedom of self-creation, creativity by man, namely, by each individual, his own mental and spiritual world, his essence, which distinguishes this understanding of power from definitions of power in classical theories of Antiquity, Modern Age and modern concepts of political philosophy. Consequently, every human being, in principle, has its own special essence, which he himself creates and changes. Therefore, power and freedom are not opposed: power is presented as an attribute of freedom, ontologically expressing and revealing the content of freedom both in a positive and negative, alienated sense.
Genius Loci. Kantian Research in Kaliningrad
Authors: Zagirnyak Mikhail ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (IKBFU)
Published: July 2024

Institutionalisation of a research school often causes difficulties due to different circumstances: scientific policy, funding, staffing, thematic uniqueness of re­search team members. In the situation of long-term existence of a school, there may be problems caused by the need to combine old, established scientific strategies and the newest vectors of research interest, determined both by the internal logic of the development of the subject area of research, and the challenges from the international scientific community and non-scientific factors. It cannot be said that all these aspects and difficulties had no influ­ence on the processes of formation of Academia Kantiana, the research unit of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University. However, the localisation of all, including heterogeneous, tendencies in the intellectual space of Kantian philosophy made it possible to organically reorganise and institutionalise re­search strategies and successfully reach new horizons of Kantian studies and possibilities of modern use of its ideas. I comprehensively present the scientific and scientific-organisational activities of the Academia Kantiana in the context of similar Russian and international initiatives and show the logic of the re­search program formation and the main milestones of its implementation. I also give a brief overview of the main structural elements of the established intellec­tual ecosystem: scientific projects, scientific conferences and summer schools, the quarterly Kantian Journal.
The Concept of the Cognitive Unconscious: Philosophical View
Authors: Katunin Alexandr ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The article examines the concept of “cognitive unconscious”, which has become widespread in cognitive science. The author explores the origins of the concept, provides a detailed historical context for the emergence of the problem of the cog­nitive unconscious. He analyzes the prerequisites for the emergence of the problem of the cognitive unconscious, the role of Descartes in this process, the endowment of the unconscious with cognitive independence by Leibniz, the understanding of unconscious cognitive processes and the anticipation of a number of postulates of cognitive theory by Helmholtz. The author shows the relationship between the cognitive unconscious and the more familiar understanding of the unconscious as well as the differences between them. He considers the variety of manifesta­tions, of the cognitive unconscious, analyzes the existing viewpoints on the onto­logical status and power of the cognitive unconscious in modern philosophy and science, and also makes a comparison of processes of conscious and unconscious work with perceived information. The author comes to the conclusion that the cog­nitive unconscious is an auxiliary system parallel to consciousness, and illustrates this conclusion with cases of substitution of an unconscious system for a conscious system, including in cases where the latter fails (as a result of health problems and/or operational interventions). He makes criticisms of the “strong” version of the cognitive unconscious, reviews discussions regarding the role and status of the cognitive unconscious in modern philosophy and cognitive science and the role of consciousness in cognitive processes. Finally, he gives a refined defini­tion of the cognitive unconscious.
Object-Oriented Ontology by Graham Harman as a Project to Overcome Correlationism
Authors: Devaykin Igor ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the concept of Graham Harman, who is working on the cre­ation of an object-oriented ontology. Harman sets himself the task of overcoming correlationism, which is understood as a type of philosophizing that defines the re­lationship (correlation) between man and the world as the only object of study. We must agree that the criticism of correlationism is necessary, since correlation­ism narrows the field of philosophical work and does not clarify the conditions of its own functioning. Harman’s arguments against correlationism are discussed and the conclusion is made that OOO rightly demands the restoration of the idea of a thing as such. However, Harman absolutely incorrectly presents his concept of the “object” as a substitute for the Kantian “thing in itself”. We also criticize Harman’s idea of the “flat ontology” for the fact that it presupposes the exis­tence of objects (real, fictional and created) with an equal degree of reality, due to the completely unreasonable extrapolation of human relationship with the world to all things. The result of Harman’s attempt to overcome correlationism is the strengthening of correlationism. From which we conclude that the object-ori­ented overcoming of correlationism is completely inconsistent. A detailed analy­sis fails to reveal at least one clearly substantiated proposition of Harman’s con­cept. In our opinion, correlationism cannot be overcome, but it must be fought. To do this, ontology should shift its attention to reality itself, which affects the subject in everyday life. Harman unjustifiably denies the figure of the subject, since its restoration contributes to a decrease in correlation, while the elimination of the subject, on the contrary, leads to the risk of hypertrophy of correlationism.
Progress in Philosophy: pro et contra in Metaphilosophical Studies
Authors: Skripnik Konstantin ,   Southern Federal University, Institute of Philosophy and Social and Political Studies
Published: July 2024

The article describes the positions for and against the possibility of consider­ing progress in philosophy in the general framework of progress in science. The works of E. Dietrich, D. Chalmers, J. Shand, representing pessimistic or mo­derately pessimistic points of view, and the works of D. Stoljar, T. Williamson, P.M.S. Hacker as expressing an optimistic point of view, act as supporters of the op­position. Some models of considering progress are proposed: progress in the frame­work of the “abscissa axis” and “ordinate axis”, a model of progress in the form of a directed graph, in the form of opposition of internalism and externalism, progress in philosophy as an analogue of scientific progress in terms of changing models, progress as “increasing disagreement”. The concept of progress is closely connected with the concept of the goal of philosophy – the author states that there is complete ambiguity about the goal of philosophy and cites a number of obstacles to its explication related to both the training and professional activi­ties of philosophers. The author’s point of view is that progress in philosophy is conceptual in nature, associated with the concepts of sense, understanding, inter­pretation, but not necessarily with the number of quantitative characteristics of the growth of knowledge. The process of increasing in-depth and complicated understanding, refinement and generation of sense is represented by the author as a semiotic model in terms of the sign and the process of unlimited semiosis.
The philosophical teaching of Leonid Gabrilovich in the context of the logical and epistemological direction in the history of Russian thought of the 20th century
Authors: Shevtsov Alexandr ,   Moscow Aviation Institute
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the formation of the philosophical concept of Leonid Evgenievich Gabrilovich (1878–1953), a Russian thinker of the first half of the 20th century. In the Rus­sian period of creativity, i.e. until 1918, as it is shown in the article, in his philosophi­cal development Gabrilovich experienced the influence of such fundamental theories as the philosophy of normative, immanent philosophy of W. Schuppe and phenomenology of E. Husserl. The article studies the following articles by L.E. Gabrilovich of the first, “Russian” period: “On the concepts of truth and reliability in the theory of knowledge” 1908, “On two scientific concepts of thinking (to justify one dativist logic)” 1909, “On the meaning and essence of elementary concepts (an attempt at a new development of the problem of universal concepts)” 1910, as well as some others. It is shown that in his philosophical work L.E. Gabrilovich consistently and purposefully followed the de­velopment of his own concept, the nature of which makes it possible to attribute his phi­losophy to the logical and epistemological direction in Russian philosophy of the 20th cen­tury. The article proves that according to their ideas and structure, the analyzed texts of Gabrilovich revealed the themes of mathematical formalism, dativist logic, at the same time they were the main stages in the development of his own logical and epistemological concept as mathematical thinking and the actual form. L.E. Gabrilovich outlined the re­sults of these developments in the book “On Mathematical Thinking and the Concept of the Actual Form”, a 1914 essay written by him in German. It is concluded that the con­cept of “dativist logic”, developed by Gabrilovich in articles of 1909 and 1910, will later result in his theory of “actual forms”.
Disorder-driven Sintering-free Garnet-type Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Kwon Giyun , Gwon Hyeokjo , Bae Youngjoon , Jung Changhoon , Ko Dong-Su , Kim Min , Yoon Kyungho , Yoon Gabin , Kim Sewon , Jung In-Sun , Lee Sangjun , Kim Tahee , Kim Ju-Sik , Kim Tae Young
Published: July 2024

Oxide ceramic electrolytes for realization of high-energy lithium metal batteries generally require a series of high-temperature processes for the formation of the desired phase and inter-particle sintering. The high-temperature processing can lead to compositional changes or mechanical deformation, consequently, resulting in serious issues with material reliabilities. Here, we introduce a disorder-driven sintering-free garnet-type solid electrolyte using a novel approach for creating an amorphous matrix followed by a single-step mild heat-treatment. The softened mechanical property (yield pressure, Py = 359.8 MPa) of disordered base materials can achieve a facile formation of a dense amorphous matrix and contributes to maintaining inter-particle connectivity during crystallization. Remarkably, the formation of the highly conductive cubic-phase garnet is triggered at a drastically lowered temperature of 350°C, leading to high ionic conductivity (σLi+ = 1.8 × 10–4 S/cm at 25°C) through a single-step mild heat treatment at 500°C. The disorder-driven garnet solid electrolyte exhibits electrochemical performance similar to that of the conventional garnet solid electrolyte sintered at > 1100°C. This electrolyte exhibits the lowest processing temperature ever reported for garnet-type solid electrolytes with a high lithium ionic conductivity of ~ 10–4 S/cm. These findings will promote the fabrication of uniform, thin, and wide solid electrolyte membranes, which is a significant hurdle in the commercialization of oxide-based lithium metal batteries, and demonstrate the untapped capabilities of garnet-type oxide solid electrolytes.
Mechanochemical synthesis, characterization and reactivity of a room temperature stable calcium electride
Authors: Ortu Fabrizio , Bowles Alex , Quirk James , Liu Yu , Morritt George , Freitag Marina , Whitehead George , Woodward Adam , Brookfield Adam , Goodwin Conrad , Collison David , Tuna Floriana , McMullin Claire , Lu Erli
Published: July 2024

A new calcium-based Room temperature Stable Electride (RoSE), K[{Ca[N(Mes)(SiMe3)]3(e–)}2K3] (2), is successfully synthesized from the reaction of a calcium tris-amide, [Ca{N(Mes)(SiMe3)}3K] (1) (Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl), with potassium under mechanochemical treatment. The dimeric structure of K[{Ca[N(Mes)(SiMe3)]3(e–)}2K3] is calculated using ab initio random structure searching (AIRSS) methods. This shows the existence of highly localized anionic electrons (e−) and suggests poor electrical conductance, as confirmed via electroconductivity measurements. The two anionic electrons in 2 are strongly antiferromagnetically coupled, thus in agreement with the largely diamagnetic response from magnetometry. Reaction of 2 with pyridine affords 4,4′-bipyridine, whilst reaction with benzene gives C–H activation and formation of a calcium hydride complex, [K(η6-C6H6)4][{Ca[N(Mes)(SiMe3)](H)}2K3] (3). Computational DFT analysis reveals the crucial role played by the ligand framework in the stabilization of this new Ca-hydride complex.