bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling of maximum runoff characteristics of small rivers in the mountain permafrost zone
Authors: Zhunusova Oksana Radikovna , Nesterova Nataliia Vadimovna , Makarieva Olga Mikhailovna
Published: December 2024

Climate change leads to the transformation of hydrological processes in the mountain permafrost regions, increasing the frequency and intensity of catastrophic floods. An example is the Magadan Oblast – an important region for the Russian economy, exposed to the risk of floods. The aim of the study was to calculate the maximum water discharge of three small rivers in the Magadan Oblast – the Krivulya, Ambardakh and Susuman rivers – using pluviograph data and the hydrological model Hydrograph. The model was verified on daily intervals for the periods 1966–1994 for the Krivulya stream and 1966-1987 for the Susuman and Ambardakh rivers. Modelling results have shown satisfactory correlation with the observed daily and mean annual values. The median values of the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient varied from 0.52 to 0.62. The model parametrization for three main types of the landscapes was developed based on the data of the Kolyma Water-Balance station. The modeling was carried out for the historical floods of August 16, 1986 for the Susuman and Ambardakh rivers (maximum observed instant discharges were 393 m3/s and 74.7 m3/s, calculated 1-hourly discharge – 420 m3/s and 78.5 m3/s, respectively) and July 26, 1984 for the Krivulya Stream (observed instant discharge – 14.2 m3/s, calculated 1-hourly discharge – 16.5 m3/s). The relative error of simulated and observed maximum discharges did not exceed 20%. The results of the study confirm the possibility of applying deterministic hydrological modeling on an intra-day interval using pluviograph data. However, the main limitation for the mountain cryolithozone remains the lack of precipitation data. A promising solution may be the use of climate model data, which, in combination with runoff formation models, opens up new opportunities for assessing and predicting maximum runoff characteristics.
The initial period of the formation of the national school of automatic weapons design on the example of the development of automatic rifles (1904–1926).
Authors: Timofeeva Rimma Aleksandrovna , Chumak Ruslan Nikolaevich
Published: December 2024

The subject of the research is the initial stage of the formation of the national school of automatic weapons design (1904–1926). This period of history is one of the most important in the domestic arms industry. At this time, Russia began the formation of its own, original and independent from direct foreign participation school of automatic weapons design, which flourished during the Soviet period of the country's history and is developing to the present day. This plot is considered on the example of one of the activities of this kind – the work on the creation of early domestic automatic rifles after their official launch in 1908, which are considered as the basis for the subsequent development of the Russian and Soviet schools of design and engineering activities. The complex of methods used included the processing of archival materials, historical and scientific analysis of the fundamental works on the topic and the comparative historical method. The analysis of the place of the initial period of the development of the school of design of automatic weapons has not received any significant coverage in domestic weapons studies. The reason for this state of affairs is the significant fragmentation of archival documentation on this topic and samples of early Russian automatic rifles preserved in various collections, combined with their very approximate, often incorrect attribution. Based on the newly revealed information, the article makes a number of clarifications concerning the activities of the commission for the development of an automatic rifle sample and the GAU as a management body for the creation of new models of small arms. The role of the Sestroretsk Arms Factory as the leading center for the creation of automatic weapons in Russia before 1917 is revealed. For the first time in Russian historiography, the stages of designing automatic rifles are revealed.
Formation of the system of training and staffing of industrial enterprises of Stalingrad with engineering and technical workers during the period of industrialization (1929-1941)
Authors: Lozin Dmitrii Ivanovich
Published: December 2024

The subject of the study is the system of training and staffing of industrial enterprises of Stalingrad with engineering and technical personnel during the period of industrialization. Based on data from the State Archive of the Volgograd Region, the Center for Documentation of the Modern History of the Volgograd Region, the funds of the museum of the Krasny Oktyabr plant, as well as scientific literature, the problem of shortage of technical personnel at industrial enterprises of Stalingrad in 1929-1941 is revealed; ways and sources of attracting engineers and technicians to the factories of the city, as well as their training to solve this problem as a holistic the system. The author considers in detail the external and internal sources for the recruitment and training of qualified technical specialists. Special attention is paid to the effectiveness of the in-house training system as one of the main sources of replenishment of enterprises by engineers and technicians. The study is based on a systematic approach that allows us to consider the solution of the problem of staffing Stalingrad factories with engineers and technicians and training new technical personnel as a system. Also, in the course of the research, a functional and structural approach was used, which allowed us to consider the activities of various party, state and factory bodies aimed at recruiting enterprises with qualified technical personnel. The novelty of the work consists in attracting archival materials previously unused in scientific circulation, as well as a comprehensive consideration of the problem of staffing industrial enterprises of Stalingrad with technical personnel, which allowed us to reveal the causes of the shortage of engineers and technicians at the factories of the city, sources and methods of attracting and training technical personnel. During the period of industrialization, Stalingrad experienced an acute shortage of technical specialists. To solve this problem, Stalingrad had an extensive system for recruiting and training technical specialists. It was divided into external forms of recruitment, when enterprises attracted foreign specialists, engineers and technicians from other industrial regions of the USSR, as well as internal ones, which included sending their specialists for training, in-house training and training of specialists in specialized secondary and higher educational institutions. By 1940 – 1941, Stalingrad enterprises still lacked qualified technical specialists, but their total number increased many times, which allowed not only to increase output, but also to develop production qualitatively.
A historical source in the digital Age: towards the publication of a monograph by Yu. Yu. Yumasheva
Authors: Zlobin Evgenii Valentinovich
Published: December 2024

The object of the research is Yu. Yu. Yumasheva's monograph "Source studies of the information age". The subject of the study was a potentially possible new type of historical source introduced by the author into the scientific circulation of historical source studies — electronic historical sources (EII), its features, structure and classification. The necessity and timeliness of allocating this type of historical source based on the available and incoming arrays of electronic documents for archival storage is considered. As well as the possible correlation of EII with electronic and technotronic documents, electronic analog sources. The dependence of the possibility of preservation of EII on the type of material information carrier, migration during archival storage is shown. Some types and features of network information resources (SIRS) preceding the Internet are described. As well as computer programs as a possible component of the EII. In preparing the review, the descriptive method was used, as well as the method of historical comparative analysis and comparison. For the first time in Russia, the monograph comprehensively, deeply and fully examines the most important issues of the necessary transformation of historical source studies in the digital age. For this purpose, an attempt has been made to introduce the concept of a qualitative new type of historical source — EII. Its classification is developed and justified, the place of the EII in the general source complex of historical science and its correlation with traditional historical sources are described. The possible structure of a new type of historical source is revealed, and a detailed description of the necessary techniques and methods of internal and external criticism of the new source is given. Examples of EII repositories made using EII research projects both in Russia and abroad are also given. The study of such experience in the use of EII makes it possible to significantly enrich the methodological arsenal of the historian, and brings it in line with the requirements of the digital age. The review provides possible alternative definitions of EII, discusses some particular problems concerning the constituent elements of EII, as well as the onset of the era of the mobile revolution. Recommendations are formulated for the creation of a reference and information section of the author's website based on a large factual material of the monograph.
L’Università tra ricerca e co-progettazione: l’applicazione del modello a Tripla Elica allargata ai Gruppi di Azione Locale
Authors: Belotti Sara , Burini Federica , Ghisalberti Alessandra
Published: December 2024

Abstract University between Research and Co-Planning: The Application of the Triple Helix Extended Model to Local Action Groups The University is a strategic actor for territorial development in the cultural, social and economic fields, showing the integration of research, teaching and third mission activities for the co-construction of public goods and the improvement of the well-being of inhabitants. The paper presents the co-design process started by the geographers of the Imago Mundi Lab at the University of Bergamo to support the definition of the Local Development Strategy 2023-2027 of the Local Action Group (LAG) Colline Bergamasche. Assuming a Triple Helix approach, a socio-territorial study was carried out in preparation for a participatory process, in which public bodies, private enterprises, non-profit associations and inhabitants were involved in order to define strategic actions for the future, laying the foundations for a new shared local governance.
Comparative Analysis of Risk-Based and Time-Based Inspection Application in Hydrocarbon and Chemical Industries: A Review
Authors:   Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok,  West Java, 16424, Indonesia, Azizar Azizar , Sofyan Nofrijon ,   Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok,  West Java, 16424, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

This review evaluates the effectiveness of Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) and Time-Based
Inspection (TBI) strategies in maintaining asset integrity in the hydrocarbon and chemical industries. The
goal is to compare these methodologies based on cost efficiency, risk management, and operational
safety. The study draws on industry standards, such as API 580 for RBI and API 510, API 570, and API 653
for TBI, as well as case studies and literature analysis. Data were analyzed to understand how each
approach handles inspection planning and decision-making. The findings show that RBI, with its risk
focused prioritization, offers a more efficient approach for high-risk assets, while TBI provides a more
straightforward, standardized method but may lead to over-inspections or missed emerging risks. The
review concludes by recommending a tailored approach combining RBI and TBI to effectively balance
operational needs, risk profiles, and compliance requirements.
DNA replication in primary hepatocytes without the six-subunit ORC
Authors: Przanowska Róża K , Chen Yuechuan , Uchida Takayuki-Okano , Shibata Etsuko , Hao Xiaoxiao , Rueda Isaac Segura , Jensen Kate , Przanowski Piotr , Trimboli Anthony , Shibata Yoshiyuki , Leone Gustavo , Dutta Anindya
Published: December 2024

The six subunit ORC is essential for initiation of DNA replication in eukaryotes. Cancer cell-lines in culture can survive and replicate DNA replication after genetic inactivation of individual ORC subunits, ORC1, ORC2 or ORC5. In primary cells, ORC1 was dispensable in the mouse liver for endo-reduplication, but this could be explained by the ORC1 homolog, CDC6, substituting for ORC1 to restore functional ORC. Here, we have created mice with a conditional deletion of ORC2, which does not have a homolog. Although mouse embryo fibroblasts require ORC2 for proliferation, mouse hepatocytes synthesize DNA in cell culture and endo-reduplicate
in vivo
without ORC2. Mouse livers endo-reduplicate after simultaneous deletion of ORC1 and ORC2 both during normal development and after partial hepatectomy. Since endo-reduplication initiates DNA synthesis like normal S phase replication these results unequivocally indicate that primary cells, like cancer cell lines, can load MCM2-7 and initiate replication without ORC.
Compressed sensing based approach identifies modular neural circuitry driving learned pathogen avoidance
Authors: Hallacy Timothy , Yonar Abdullah , Ringstad Niels , Ramanathan Sharad
Published: December 2024

An animal’s survival hinges on its ability to integrate past information to modify future behavior. The nematode
C. elegans
adapts its behavior based on prior experiences with pathogen exposure, transitioning from attraction to avoidance of the pathogen. A systematic screen for the neural circuits that integrate the information of previous pathogen exposure to modify behavior has not been feasible because of the lack of tools for neuron type specific perturbations. We overcame this challenge using methods based on compressed sensing to efficiently determine the roles of individual neuron types in learned avoidance behavior. Our screen revealed that distinct sets of neurons drive exit from lawns of pathogenic bacteria and prevent lawn re-entry. Using calcium imaging of freely behaving animals and optogenetic perturbations, we determined the neural dynamics that regulate one key behavioral transition after infection: stalled re-entry into bacterial lawns. We find that key neuron types govern pathogen lawn specific stalling but allow the animal to enter nonpathogenic
E. coli
lawns. Our study shows that learned pathogen avoidance requires coordinated transitions in discrete neural circuits and reveals the modular structure of this complex adaptive behavioral response to infection.
“Interesting but incongruous”
Authors: Kapogianni Eleni , Tsami Vasia , Tsakona Villy , Archakis Argiris
Published: December 2024

The goal of this case study is to explore the attitudes of Greek secondary education teachers towards the teaching of humour within a critical literacy framework. This fieldwork-based research took place during and after 8 training seminars (218 participants), which aimed to familiarise educators with the critical teaching of humorous texts using an annotated database. After each seminar, participants answered questions eliciting their attitudes towards concepts and proposals introduced in the training sessions. This data (collected in two stages, immediately following the training and 15 months later) is complemented by fieldnotes from the discussions that took place during the training sessions. Our findings indicate a lack of familiarity with the theory, the sociopragmatic effects, and the teaching of humour. For many teachers, humour functions exclusively as a means of attracting students’ interest. Participants evaluate the critical teaching of humour as interesting and innovative, but simultaneously express various concerns regarding its applicability, which can be attributed not only to practical difficulties, but also to long-standing biases regarding the purposes and standards of language education.
Differential perception of shame in the Japanese
Authors: Shirai Mariko , Ito Rie
Published: December 2024

Although laughter is typically considered to be a positive expression, being laughed at by someone else evokes several types of negative emotions. However, the changes in the negative emotions recognized after being laughed at compared to before have yet to be clarified. The present study investigated the emotional responses and the relationship between the intensity of these emotions and gelotophobia when laughed at due to an unexpected failure situation of tripping over. Study 1 involved a survey with 130 Japanese undergraduate students. Study 2 was performed to confirm the results of Study 1 and examine gender differences. The participants of Study 2 were 392 Japanese undergraduate students, and we assessed the intensity of four negative emotions (shame, pain, anger, and sadness) perceived by participants when the character in the given scenario was laughed at following a failure (tripping over). The results of Study 1 and 2 showed that shame was mainly reported in the laughing situation irrespective of gelotophobia. Furthermore, significant correlations between anger or sadness and gelotophobia were observed but not between shame and gelotophobia. In conclusion, gelotophobia as individual differences modulates the perception of emotional feelings, producing different mixed negative emotions in the same laughing situation.
Análise de Causalidade entre PIB e consumo de combustíveis pelo setor de transportes brasileiro – uma análise do período 2001 a 2022
Authors: Brondino Nair Cristina Margarido , Brondino Odney Carlos
Published: December 2024

Na maioria das vezes, a previsão da demanda por energia é feita com base no consumo histórico e na relação deste com outras variáveis econômicas e demográficas. Entretanto, ao se tratar de modelagem de séries de tempo, é importante verificar se a relação entre as variáveis é espúria. Nesse sentido, os testes de causalidade consistem em uma ferramenta para identificar uma relação estatística de causa e efeito entre duas ou mais variáveis, quando existe uma relação de precedência temporal entre elas. Vários autores têm estudado a relação de causalidade entre consumo de energia e PIB e as conclusões desses trabalhos, muitas vezes, são conflitantes, indicando que essa relação pode variar de país para país. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho visa a analisar a relação de causalidade entre o PIB e o consumo de combustíveis pelo transporte rodoviário brasileiro.
Industry 4.0 techniques applied to the improvement of the cutting process of Lithium-Ion battery terminals
Authors: Maciel Lincoln Fábio Luiz , Nascimento Manoel Henrique Reis , Mendonça Kyara Travessa de
Published: December 2024

The transition to Industry 4.0 has brought significant advancements in production, especially in the manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries, through the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI). This study focuses on the development of an intelligent system to improve the cutting of battery terminals, using AI algorithms to optimize precision and reduce defects. The main challenge is the imprecision in the cutting process, which results in a high rate of defective products and increases production costs due to material waste. The application of machine learning and real-time data analysis enabled automatic adjustments in the cutting process, creating a flexible and adaptable manufacturing environment. As a result, there was a significant reduction in the defect rate of the batteries, along with an increase in the quality and uniformity of the terminals. These efficiency gains demonstrate the potential of AI to improve precision and reduce costs while meeting quality requirements. The integration of AI in the cutting process not only improves quality and sustainability but also opens up new possibilities for other applications in Industry 4.0. The study demonstrates that technological innovations in flexible manufacturing processes can generate a significant competitive advantage for the renewable energy and storage sector.
Challenges and strategies for SDG 14 in brazilian ports
Authors: Azevedo Randolfo Rocha , Cunha Darliane Ribeiro , Oliveira Clóvis Bôsco Mendonça , Pereira Newton Narciso , Lima Shigeaki Leite de
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe port sector is integral to both global and local economies, managing a substantial share of international trade. Given their economic significance, ports are also prime locations for advancing sustainability, with many adopting measures aligned with this objective. The integration of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within the port sector provides a structured framework for sustainability, offering specific indicators to guide progress. This study assesses the implementation of the SDGs in the Brazilian port sector, focusing on SDG 14 (Life Below Water). The data were collected through interviews with eight respondents. The findings reveal that current practices align with recognised sustainability standards, particularly addressing SDG 14 targets 14.1, 14.2, and 14.5. Key initiatives include ISO 14001 certification, monitoring of aquatic life and water quality, waste management, and environmental education programmes. Voluntary socio-environmental projects, adherence to the UN Global Compact, and partnerships with academic and regulatory bodies further demonstrate a proactive commitment to sustainability. However, significant challenges persist, such as gaps in environmental noise monitoring, the conservation of Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs), and the adoption of Environmental DNA (eDNA) for biodiversity monitoring. Enhanced environmental reporting standards and the adoption of SMART targets are recommended to strengthen SDG alignment. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of SDG 14 implementation in Brazilian ports, highlighting both successes and areas for improvement. As sustainability practices mature, Brazilian ports are well-positioned to contribute to the blue economy, balancing economic growth with marine conservation.
Immunohistochemical Expression of p53 Gene and Clinicopathological Assessment of Low-grade Serous Ovarian Cancer and High-grade Serous Ovarian Cancer: A Cohort Study
Authors: Bazard Geeta , Vashist Minakshi , Singh Sunita , Rohilla Gulshan , Paliwal Nidhi
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Ovarian cancer is a significant global health concern for women. More than 85-90% of ovarian cancer cases originates from epithelial causes. Dysfunctional p53 is a hallmark of many cancers, including ovarian cancer. Alteration in functioning of p53 gene has been connected to the onset and spread of ovarian cancer.

Aim: To analyse the Immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of p53 gene and clinicopathological features of Low-grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (LGSOC) and High-grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (HGSOC).

Materials and Methods: This cohort study was conducted on 37 histopathologically confirmed cases of serous carcinomas of ovary in Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, in collaboration with Department of Pathology, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India during the period 2019 to 2023. Study was approved by the Institutional Human Ethical Research Committee (Ref no-IHEC/19/07). Parameters of study included clinical features of ovarian cancer patients, histological types, the Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics stage, survival of patients and prognostic factors. Analysis of p53 expression was analysed immunohistochemically. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad PRISM Version 8.0.1.

Results: A total of 37 cases of serous carcinoma were analysed, including 26 cases of HGSOC and 11 cases of LGSOC. Comparative analysis revealed advanced-stage disease in patients HGSOC, 20 cases (76.92%) compared to 4 cases (36.36%) in LGSOC. Additionally, higher median CA125 levels were found in HGSOC patients (median 269 U/mL vs. 27 U/mL) and a higher rate of postsurgery residual disease (57.69% vs. 27.27%). Among all serous carcinoma cases, 17 cases (45.95%) showed null p53 expression, 16 cases (43.24%) showed diffuse p53 expression, and four cases (10.81%) had focal positive expression (wild type). Statistically significant differences (p-value=0.02) between the grade of serous ovarian cancer and the expression of p53 were observed. However, median Overall Survival (OS) between the two groups (39 months for HGSOC vs. 41 months for LGSOC) showed a statistically non significant difference (p-value=0.51). Log-rank statistical analysis showed a non significant association between the overall survival time of the two grades, with a Hazard Ratio of 1.384 (0.5-3.5) at 95% confidence interval with p-value=0.51.

Conclusion: The significant difference in p53 IHC expression between LGSOC and HGSOC highlighted the role of p53 mutation in pathogenesis of HGSOC. However, by understanding genetic predisposition of ovarian tumour preventive steps as well as planning of early treatment can reduce the mortality rate.
Microbial Diversity of Bacterial Species (Rhizobium and Azospirillum) under Different Agroforestry Land Use Systems
Authors: Priya  , Agrawal S.B. , Solanki Vishnu , Kumar Ashish , Dwivedi B.S. , Shah Ajay Kumar , Patel Kamal Kishor , Jatav Sanjay Singh
Published: December 2024

This investigation is associated with the microbial diversity of different agroforestry systems. The study interpreted the changes of bacterial population during the duration of the experiments. This study was analyzed by CRBD (Complete Randomized Block Design) with 5 treatments (i.e. agroforestry systems) and 4 replications. The research was conducted on cropping systems at JNKVV, Jabalpur, and the Forest Research Farm during the Rabi season of 2021-22 and 2022-23. Soil collection was carried out at a depth of Rhizosphere soil (0 to 15 cm) in different agroforestry systems; later on, the soil was tested through the use of serial dilution methods. The bacterial population influence to the decomposition of leaf litter and straw material in the soil.The result revealed that the Rhizobium species population was found in maximum T1-D. sissoo- wheat (66.28 and 66.96 X 107 cfu g-1) in the respective years of 2021-22 and 2022-23, followed by the sequence of population of Rhizobium spp. had T3 (M. pinnata-Wheat) > T2 (G. arborea-Mustard) > T5 (M. indica-linseed) > T4 (A. nilotica-wheat) estimated under agroforestry systems. The Azospirillum species population increases year to year under the agroforestry system. the population sequence under agroforestry system had T1 (D. sissoo-wheat) >T3 (M. pinnata-wheat) > T2 (G. arborea-mustard) > T5 (M. indica-linseed) > T4 (A. nilotica-wheat) obtained under agroforestry systems. The overall conclusion of this investigation is that the bacterial population is obtained under maximum in the D. sissoo with wheat-based agroforestry systems.
Comparing the Performance of Physical, Chemical and Biological Treatment in Waste Water Remediation
Authors: Mmonwuba N.C. , Agunwamba J.C. , Obumneme Anaezionwu Ambrose , Linus Ileagu Chibuikem , Chukwuemelie Nwokedi Alexander
Published: December 2024

This study is aimed at comparing the performance of physical, chemical and biological treatment in wastewater remediation using standard sampling methods of APHA (1999). Grey wastewater samples were collected from wastewater collection generated from the student’s hostel at Chukwemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli, Anambra State. Wastewater remediation involves treating contaminated water to remove pollutants before it will be reused. This process typically includes physical, chemical and biological methods. Physical method involves filtration, sedimentation and adsorption to separate solids from water. Chemical method uses coagulants, flocculants and disinfectants to neutralise contaminants. Biological method employs microorganisms to break down organic matter through processes like activated sludge or bio-filtration. The supernatant was then subjected to physicochemical analysis. The physicochemical analysis carried out in the cause of this study includes; determination of temperature, pH and conductivity, determination of phosphate, determination of chloride, determination of dissolved oxygen, determination of chemical oxygen demand, determination of total dissolved solid, determination of total hardness of the water and colour determination, which from the result obtained it was discovered that grey waste water has the highest values in pH (7.45), turbidity (356.79 NTU), chloride (151.2 mg/mL), colour unit (77.28 CU), total hardness (500 mg/mL), COD(500 mg/mL) and phosphate (50.0 mg/mL). While grey wastewater plus photocatalyst plus moringa extract has the highest value in temperature (279⁰C), Conductivity (418 µS/cm), TDS (313.50 mg/mL), and TDO (25.00 mg/mL) respectively. A thorough review of the purification processes been used in this study alongside literature, indicated that none of the treatment options can be used alone safely to treat wastewater to make them save for home use. It is therefore recommended that a combination of the performance of physical, chemical and biological treatment in wastewater remediation is needed to achieve a greater and better result.
SASRA Financial Monitoring and Reporting Tools and Financial Performance of DT-SACCOS in Kenya
Authors: Muhumed Abdullahi Mohamed , Olando Clement O.
Published: December 2024

Despite being crucial to Kenya's socioeconomic development, DT-SACCOs' financial performance is significantly impacted by issues related to financial reporting and monitoring that are getting worse. Although, there is a wealth of research on financial performance aspects including; earnings, liquidity, asset quality, and capital adequacy, the findings of extant studies are inconsistent occasioned. The current study as a consequence closed these knowledge gaps by evaluating the impact of financial tools for financial reporting and monitoring provided by SASRA on the financial performance of DT-SACCOs in Kenya. The specific objective to guide the study was to find out the effect of capital adequacy, asset quality, earnings, and liquidity on the financial performance of deposit-taking savings and credit cooperative societies in Kenya. The study, which applied a positivist paradigm, adopt a correlational research design, and employ a quantitative approach. The target population was the 181 DT-SACCOs engaged in Kenya SACCO business between 2018 and 2022, where census approach was employed. Quantitative evaluation of the data is required to produce descriptive and inferential statistics. The study concludes that; capital adequacy has a statistically significant positive impact on the financial performance of Kenyan DT-SACCOs, asset quality, conversely exerts a statistically significant negative influence on financial performance, earning ability, similarly, demonstrates a significant negative effect on financial performance of Kenyan DT-SACCO, and liquidity has a positive significant effect on Kenyan DT-SACCOs' financial performance. The study recommends that DT-SACCOs should, implement robust internal mechanisms to continuously monitor their capital adequacy ratios, enhance asset quality and maintain financial stability through comprehensive credit evaluation mechanisms, conduct a comprehensive review of operational costs to identify inefficiencies and reduce unnecessary expenditures, and continuously monitor liquidity levels and adjust policies to balance cash availability with profitability objectives.
Effectiveness of Marungko Approach in Enhancing the Reading Performance among Grade 1 Pupils of San Antonio Elementary School
Authors: Bernabe Raiza V.
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Marungko Approach in enhancing the reading performance of Grade 1 pupils of San Antonio Elementary School, Sta Marcela, Apayao in School Year 2023-2024. This study utilized the Quasi- Experimental type of research in gathering the responses employing the quantitative approach. To gather the necessary data needed in the study, the researcher utilized the Block-out Oral Reading Test and FLAT (Fluency and Literacy Assessment Tool) as a tool to assess the reading performance of the Grade 1 learners. The researcher prepared the research design and tools that were used in the study. Approval and recommendation from the principal were sought. The research instruments used was the BORT (Block-out Oral Reading Test). The Pre-BORT (Block-out Oral Reading Test) was administered by the researcher to identify the reading level of the Grade 1 pupils which was based on the word recognition and comprehension. The Post BORT (Block-out Oral Reading Test) using Marungko Approach was administered to test whether the reading performance of the non-reader pupils increased.
The findings reveal a significant improvement in reading performance, particularly among non-reader pupils, indicating that the Marungko Approach effectively fosters reading fluency and comprehension. The results suggest that this instructional strategy can be broadly applied in early literacy education, providing a strong foundation for developing reading skills.
Based on the findings of the study, were drawn three conclusions.
The Grade I pupils have improved their reading performance after the Marungko Approach was used in teaching reading.
The use of the Marungko Approach to teach reading resulted to a significant mean gain in the reading performance of the Grade 1 pupils from pretest to posttest.
The Marungko Approach could significantly improve the reading performance of Grade 1 pupils.
From the findings and conclusions, it is recommended that teachers should use the Marungko Approach in teaching reading and should conduct LAC Session to parents to capacitate them use the Marungko Approach in teaching their children reading. This initiative seeks to increase parental involvement in literacy education. Additionally, future research should look into how effective the Marungko Approach is in different schools to confirm its benefits and flexibility.
Pharmacological Potential of Securidaca longipedunculata: A Comprehensive Review of Traditional and Scientific Insights
Authors: Kporvie Atsu Kodjo George
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Securidaca longipedunculata is a plant that has been used for medicinal purposes throughout the world for thousands of years.
Aims: Update and discuss the chemistry, traditional and biological activities of Securidaca longipeduncula based on surveys and literature. This could motivate researchers to manufacture pharmaceutical products from Securidaca longipedunculata and to think of other more targeted research on the plant.
Study Design: This is a review based on data collection method.
Methodology: Investigations and Electronic database engines such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Biomed Name Meaning Finder were used to carried out the work.
Results: Securidaca longipedunculata has antibacterial, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancer, antiparasitic, antioxidant, antivenomous, antiviral, cardiovascular and neuromuscular properties, hypoglycemic, pesticidal and immunostimulant. All parts of the plant are used in traditional medicine and have been used as drugs in several pharmacological and toxicological trials in vivo and/or in vitro. The interpretation of local names testifies to the usefulness and potency of Securidaca longipedunculata, that is confirmed by scientific research.
Conclusion: Securidaca longipedunculata has potential pharmacological effects. This raises doubts about its use as a candidate plant for the manufacture of drugs against many diseases.
Effect of Seed Hardening on Morphological, Growth and Yield Parameters of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: P Soumya , Akshya  , C, M Nawalagatti,
Published: December 2024

A field experiment was conducted at Main Agriculture Research Station, University of Agricultural sciences, Dharwad during rabi 2021-22 to study the impact of seed hardening chemical Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on morphological, biochemical parameters and yield in Chickpea (var. JG-11). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The treatments consist of seed hardening with Aminolevulinic acid at different concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 ppm) and CaCl2 (2%). The results of the investigation revealed that, among the treatments the seed soaking with Aminolevulinic acid @ 30 ppm has registered significantly highest plant height, number of primary branches per plant, and total dry matter and SPAD value followed by 2% CaCl2. Whereas it was lowest in control in all the parameters. The growth parameters viz., leaf area index, absolute growth rate, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate  and leaf area duration increased significantly with seed hardening treatments. yield and yield components increased significantly due to seed hardening with Aminolevulinic acid (30 ppm) followed by 2% CaCl2 as compared to control. The economics of chickpea was highest with 2 % CaCl2 compared to aminolevulinic acid @ 30 ppm. As per the results obtained seed hardening with Aminolevulinic acid (30 ppm) and CaCl2 (2%) are more effective in increasing drought tolerance in chickpea.
Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations in Fractional Sobolev Spaces: Existence, Regularity, and Stability
Authors: A. M. Wafula , Evans Mogoi N.
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the theory and application of fractional Sobolev spaces Ws,p(Ω) in the analysis of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). Specifically, we examine the existence, uniqueness, regularity, and blow-up phenomena of solutions to fractional PDEs, such as the fractional Laplace equation. The paper presents several original theorems related to the embedding properties of fractional Sobolev spaces, energy minimization problems, and the maximum principle for fractional operators. We also investigate the stability of solutions under perturbations and establish the fractional Poincare inequality and trace theorem. Our results contribute to the understanding of the interplay between fractional Sobolev norms and nonlinear variational problems, offering insights into energy minimization, regularity results, and nonlocal effects in PDEs. These findings have significant implications for the study of nonlocal problems, fractional variational calculus, and fractional diffusion equations in applied mathematics and physics.
Seasonal Trends and Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 in Mexico City Primary Care Facilities: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Lopez-Hernandez Daniel , Melgarejo-Estefan Emmanuel , Brito-Aranda Leticia , Torres-García Edgar Esteban , Vazquez-Sanchez Alberto , Jimenez-Hernandez Rocio Liliana , Beltran-Lagunes Luis , Liceaga-Perez Liliana Grisel , Olivares-Lopez Xochitl Liliana , Noguez-Alvarez Victor Hugo , Castro-Diaz Alaina Mariana , Salinas-Palacios Perla Veronica , Castillo-Cruz Tania , Sanchez-Barcernas Ricardo Alejandro , Martinez-Castillo Nallely , Flores-Morales Guadalupe Jacqueline , Cruz-Aviles Edgar , Espinoza-Perdomo Abraham , Hernandez-Ramirez Geovanna Elizabeth
Published: December 2024

Aims: To determine Seasonal Trends and Epidemiological Characteristics on COVID-19 at a Primary Care Setting, in Mexico City.
Study Design:  A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted.
Place and Duration of Study: Ambulatory Care Medical Unit. The study was conducted from July 1st to November 30th, 2024, with Mexican patients attending the Family Medicine Speciality outpatient consultation at the Family Medicine Clinic “División del Norte”, in Mexico City, from January 1st, 2022 to December 31st, 2022.
Methodology: Data on health and sociodemographic variables were collected through a retrospective design, using the SIMEF system.
Results: We included 2,847 patients with COVID-19 (ICD-10 code U07.1), of a total of 17,918 persons, mainly females (n=1,868; 65.6%, CI95% 64.0-67.4). COVID-19 activity displayed seasonal patterns, with primary peaks occurring in winter and summer. The overall prevalence of COVID-19 was 15.9% (CI95% 13.3-16.4). However, the prevalence of COVID-19 varies significantly (p<0.001) across the major age groups: among children, it was higher (6.8%; CI95% 5.1-8.6) compared to adolescents (3.8%; CI95% 2.6-5.1) and elderly population (5.6%; CI95% 5.1-6.1). The mature adult population had the highest prevalence of COVID-19 (26.6%; CI95% 25.7-27.4). Similarly, the comorbidities in patients with COVID-19 vary significantly across major age groups. Among children, the most prevalent comorbidities are exclusively respiratory diseases (acute nasopharyngitis=17.54%, allergic rhinitis=14.03%). In adolescents there is a more diverse range of comorbidities (myopia=8.82%, gastroenteritis and colitis of unspecified origin=2.94%). In mature adults (acute pharyngitis; AP=9.65%, hypertension=8.11%, and type 2 diabetes; T2D=6.96%) and elderly (hypertension=25.84%, T2D=19.08%, and AP=8.45%), the top three diseases are the same but differ in order.
Conclusion: The analysis of COVID-19 patients in the primary care level provides an overview of seasonal trends and epidemiological characteristics, identifying key areas for development interventions. The high incidence of respiratory infections in children underscores the need for targeted public health policies. Strengthening epidemiological surveillance and implementing age—and gender-specific prevention strategies are essential to effectively addressing seasonal patterns.
Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Dialium guineense Fruit (Fabaceae), Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Flavie Adopo Sopie Sheilla , Mida Kabran Guy Roger , M Baguia-Broune Fatou Diane , Pierre Konan Kouassi Alain , Akhanovna Mamyrbékova-Békro Janat , Yves-Alain Békro
Published: December 2024

This study is devoted to the phytochemical analysis of Dialium guineense fruit, which is particularly popular in urban areas in Côte d'Ivoire. Despite its high consumption, there is still little information about its potential. To assess and identify the levels of various secondary metabolites, hydromethanolic extracts of the pulp, kernel, and shell of D. guineense fruit were analyzed via qualitative and quantitative methods (colorimetric and TLC tests) : total phenols (40.201 ± 1.8 ; 509.023 ± 14.5 and 194.368 ± 2.2 µg EAG/g dry extract), flavonoids (58.958 ± 6.1 ; 216.771 ± 21.7 and 238.385 ± 6.2 µg EC /g dry extract), condensed tannins (264.167 ± 13.9 ; 411.667 ± 25.8 and 282.500 ± 5.2 µg EC/ mg dry extract) and hydrolysable tannins (0.44 ± 0.03 %; 0.21 ± 0.02 % and 0.30 ± 0.03 %). Furthermore, the analysis of antioxidant potential (DPPH and FRAP) showed satisfactory activity overall, with special attention given to the kernel and shell. These results indicate that the fruit of D. guineense could be viewed as a potential source of antioxidant compounds that can help prevent or fight various pathologies associated with oxidative stress.
In-Silico Evaluation of Phenylisocytosine and Its Analogs as Potent Inhibitors of Plasmodium Falciparum Transketolase: A Strategic Approach in Anti-Malarial Drug Discovery
Authors: Atanda Opeyemi Emmanuel , Olaniyan Lamidi Waheed Babatunde , Fadare Olatomide Ayodeji , Ehigie Adeola Folasade , Adisa Tawakalit Abimbola , Odunitan Temitope Tunji , Alabi Oluwabunmi Temitope , Omonijo Bukola Adeola , Oluwaseun Aloba Gideon , Ehigie Leonard Ona
Published: December 2024

Background: The rise of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains, particularly those resistant to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs), underscores the urgent need for alternative antimalarial agents targeting novel biochemical pathways.
Aim: This study investigates the potential of pyrimidine-based compounds (phenylisocytosine, thioxopyrimidinone, and pyrimidinedione) as potential inhibitors of transketolase, a critical enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway essential for parasite nucleotide synthesis and redox homeostasis.
Methodology: Selected for their structural similarity to oxythiamine—a potent but nephrotoxic and carcinogenic transketolase inhibitor—these compounds were modified to improve safety profiles while retaining inhibitory efficacy. Using a combination of ligand-based and structure-based drug design approaches, comprehensive in silico assessments were conducted. Pharmacokinetic and toxicological profiling were evaluated using Lipinski’s Rule of Five and ADMET profiling. Binding affinities were determined through molecular docking, while binding free energies were calculated using molecular mechanics. Binding stability was further investigated through molecular dynamics simulations.
Results: Pharmacokinetic evaluations, including drug-likeness and ADMET profiling, indicated favorable drug-like properties and low toxicity across all compounds. Molecular docking studies identified phenylisocytosine as having the highest binding affinity with Plasmodium falciparum transketolase (-6.3 kcal/mol in AutoDock Vina and -8.5 kcal/mol in iGEMDock), outperforming both thioxopyrimidinone and pyrimidinedione. Molecular mechanics calculations confirmed phenylisocytosine’s superior binding free energy (-26.05 kcal/mol), with the reference drug oxythiamine exhibiting the weakest interaction (-16.85 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamics simulations over 50 nanoseconds further validated phenylisocytosine as the most stable ligand in complex with Plasmodium falciparum transketolase, with an RMSD of 0.30 nm, RMSF of 0.12 nm, ROG of 3.01 nm, and H-bond length of 1.01 nm. Although thioxopyrimidinone and oxythiamine showed moderate stability, phenylisocytosine consistently excelled across all parameters.
Conclusion: These findings position phenylisocytosine as a promising candidate for further experimental validation, to evaluate its efficacy, safety, and therapeutic potential as a novel antimalarial drug.
Impression of Different Agroforestry System on Physical Properties of Soil
Authors: Priya  , Agrawal S.B. , Solanki Vishnu , Kumar Ashish , Dwivedi B.S. , Shah Ajay Kumar , Patel Kamal Kishor
Published: December 2024

This study is associated with the difference between agroforestry systems and their impact on soil over long durations. This investigation interpreted the changes between two years. This study was analyzed by the RBD (Randomized Block Design) with 5 treatments (agroforestry systems) and 4 replications. This investigation was run in the existing systems planted at Forestry Reasech Farm, Department of Forestry, JNKVV, Jabalpur conducted during the Rabi season of 2021-22 and 2022-23. The soil collection was done in the 0-15 cm depth of soil under different agroforestry systems; after that, the soil was tested in the department of agricultural chemistry and soil science under different methodologies. The result revealed that the data of sand silt percentage maximum was obtained in the Acacia nilotica-wheat agroforestry system, and the sand value was found in the Dalbergia sissoo-wheat based system. A. Nilotica-wheat based intercropping agroforestry system shows the highest bulk density and lowest water holding capacity. The pH of soil under investigation was found to be slightly acidic; soil ranges from 6.20 to 6.51, and EC was obtained from 0.20 to 0.26 dsm-1 in the two years of the experiment, with cation exchange capacity (CEC) noted from 22.55 to 35.57 C mol kg-1 between 2021-22 and 2022-23 respectively. The above investigation of D. sissoo–wheat-based agroforestry system was found to be the best treatment. This research was important for the scientific community due to this study's focus on agroforestry systems that have to change the soil's physical properties in long-term scenarios.