bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioinspired production of magnetic laccase‐biotitania particles for the removal of endocrine disrupting chemicals
Authors: Ardao Inés , Magnin Delphine , Agathos Spiros N.
Published: June 2015

Microbial laccases are powerful enzymes capable of degrading lignin and other recalcitrant compounds including endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Efficient EDC removal on an industrial scale requires robust, stable, easy to handle and cost‐effective immobilized biocatalysts. In this direction, magnetic biocatalysts are attractive due to their easy separation through an external magnetic field. Recently, a bioinspired immobilization technique that mimics the natural biomineralization reactions in diatoms has emerged as a fast and versatile tool for generating robust, cheap, and highly stable (nano) biocatalysts. In this work, bioinspired formation of a biotitania matrix is triggered on the surface of magnetic particles in the presence of laccase in order to produce laccase‐biotitania (lac‐bioTiO2) biocatalysts suitable for environmental applications using a novel, fast and versatile enzyme entrapment technique. Highly active lac‐bioTiO2 particles have been produced and the effect of different parameters (enzyme loading, titania precursor concentration, pH, duration of the biotitania formation, and laccase adsorption steps) on the apparent activity yield of these biocatalysts were evaluated, the concentration of the titania precursor being the most influential. The lac‐bioTiO2 particles were able to catalyze the removal of bisphenol A, 17α‐ethinylestradiol and diclofenac in a mixture of six model EDCs and retained 90% of activity after five reaction cycles and 60% after 10 cycles. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 1986–1996. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A radiative–conductive–convective approach to calculate thaw season ground surface temperatures for modelling frost table dynamics
Authors: Williams Tyler J. , Pomeroy John W. , Janowicz J Richard , Carey Sean K. , Rasouli Kabir , Quinton William L.
Published: June 2015

The frost table depth is a critical state variable for hydrological modelling in cold regions as frozen ground controls runoff generation, subsurface water storage and the permafrost regime. Calculation of the frost table depth is typically performed using a modified version of the Stefan equation, which is driven with the ground surface temperature. Ground surface temperatures have usually been estimated as linear functions of air temperature, referred to as ‘n‐factors’ in permafrost studies. However, these linear functions perform poorly early in the thaw season and vary widely with slope, aspect and vegetation cover, requiring site‐specific calibration. In order to improve estimation of the ground surface temperature and avoid site‐specific calibration, an empirical radiative–conductive–convective (RCC) approach is proposed that uses air temperature, net radiation and antecedent frost table position as driving variables. The RCC algorithm was developed from forested and open sites on the eastern slope of the Coastal Mountains in southern Yukon, Canada, and tested at a high‐altitude site in the Canadian Rockies, and a peatland in the southern Northwest Territories. The RCC approach performed well in a variety of land types without any local calibration and particularly improved estimation of ground temperature compared with linear functions during the first month of the thaw season, with mean absolute errors <2 °C in seven of the nine sites tested. An example of the RCC approach coupled with a modified Stefan thaw equation suggests a capability to represent frozen ground conditions that can be incorporated into hydrological and permafrost models of cold regions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Association Between p38 MAPK‐Mediated TNF‐α/TNFR2 up‐Regulation and 2‐(4‐Aminophenyl)‐7‐Methoxybenzothiazole‐Induced Apoptosis in Human Leukemia U937 Cells
Authors: Huang Chia‐Hui , Chen Ying‐Jung , Chao Tzu‐Yu , Liu Wen‐Hsin , Changchien Jung‐Jung , Hu Wan‐Ping , Chang Long‐Sen
Published: June 2015

The primary cause of treatment failures in acute myeloid leukemia is usually associated with defects in the apoptotic pathway. Several studies suggest that 2‐(4‐aminophenyl)‐7‐methoxybenzothiazole (7‐OMe‐APBT) may potentially induce apoptosis of cancer cells. Thus, the present study was conducted to explore the cytotoxic effect of 7‐OMe‐APBT on human leukemia U937 cells. The apoptosis of human leukemia U937 cells induced by 7‐OMe‐APBT was characterized by an increase in mitochondrial membrane depolarization, procaspase‐8 degradation, and tBid production. Down‐regulation of FADD blocked 7‐OMe‐APBT‐induced procaspase‐8 degradation and rescued the viability of 7‐OMe‐APBT‐treated cells, suggesting the involvement of a death receptor‐mediated pathway in 7‐OMe‐APBT‐induced cell death. Increased TNF‐α expression, TNFR2 expression, and p38 MAPK phosphorylation were noted in 7‐OMe‐APBT‐treated cells. Pretreatment with a p38 MAPK inhibitor abolished 7‐OMe‐APBT‐induced TNF‐α and TNFR2 up‐regulation. 7‐OMe‐APBT stimulated p38 MAPK/c‐Jun‐mediated transcriptional up‐regulation of TNFR2, while the increased TNF‐α mRNA stability led to TNF‐α up‐regulation in 7‐OMe‐APBT‐treated cells. Treatment with 7‐OMe‐APBT up‐regulated protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit α (PP2Acα) expression via the p38 MAPK/c‐Jun/ATF‐2 pathway, which, in turn, promoted tristetraprolin (TTP) degradation. Pretreatment with a protein phosphatase 2A inhibitor or TTP over‐expression abrogated TNF‐α up‐regulation in 7‐OMe‐APBT‐treated cells. Abolishment of TNF‐α up‐regulation or knock‐down of TNFR1/TNFR2 by siRNA restored the viability of 7‐OMe‐APBT‐treated cells. Taken together, our data indicate a connection between p38 MAPK‐mediated TNF‐α and TNFR2 up‐regulation and 7‐OMe‐APBT‐induced TNF‐α‐mediated death pathway activation in U937 cells. The same pathway also elucidates the mechanism underlying 7‐OMe‐APBT‐induced death of human leukemia HL‐60 cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 130–141, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lanthanum Chloride Attenuates Osteoclast Formation and Function Via the Downregulation of Rankl‐Induced Nf‐κb and Nfatc1 Activities
Authors: Jiang Chuan , Shang Jiangyinzi , Li Zhe , Qin An , Ouyang Zhengxiao , Qu Xinhua , Li Haowei , Tian Bo , Wang Wengang , Wu Chuanlong , Wang Jinwu , Dai Min
Published: June 2015

The biological activities of lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) and the molecular mechanisms of action underlying its anti‐inflammatory, anti‐hyperphosphatemic, and osteoblast‐enhancing effects have been studied previously, but less is known about the effects of LaCl3 on osteoclasts. The present study used in vivo and in vitro approaches to explore the effects of LaCl3 on osteoclasts and osteolysis. The results indicated that LaCl3 concentrations that were non‐cytotoxic to mouse bone marrow‐derived monocytes attenuated receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL)‐stimulated osteoclastogenesis, bone resorption, mRNA expression of osteoclastogenic genes in these cells, including cathepsin K, calcitonin receptor, and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Further, LaCl3 inhibited RANKL‐mediated activation of the nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway, and downregulated mRNA and protein levels of nuclear factor of activated T‐cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin‐dependent 1 (NFATc1), and c‐fos. In vivo, LaCl3 attenuated titanium (Ti) particle‐induced bone loss in a murine calvarial osteolysis model. Histological analyses revealed that LaCl3 ameliorated bone destruction and decreased the number of TRAP‐positive osteoclasts in this model. These results demonstrated that LaCl3 inhibited osteoclast formation, function, and osteoclast‐specific gene expression in vitro, and attenuated Ti particle‐induced mouse calvarial osteolysis in vivo, where the inhibition of NF‐κB signaling and downregulation of NFATc1 and c‐fos played an important role. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 142–151, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Different Effects of p52SHC1 and p52SHC3 on the Cell Cycle of Neurons and Neural Stem Cells
Authors: Tang Ning , Lyu Dan , Liu Tao , Chen Fangjin , Jing Shuqian , Hao Tianyu , Liu Shaojun
Published: June 2015

SHC3 is exclusively expressed in postmitotic neurons, while SHC1 is found in neural stem cells and neural precursor cells but absent in mature neurons. In this study, we discovered that suppression of p52SHC1 expression by RNA interference resulted in proliferation defects in neural stem cells, along with significantly reduced protein levels of cyclin E and cyclin A. At the same time, p52SHC3 RNAi caused cell cycle re‐entry (9.54% in S phase and 5.70% in G2‐M phase) in primary neurons with significantly up‐regulated expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, cyclin A, CDK2, and phosphorylated CDK2. When p52SHC3 was overexpressed, the cell cycle of neural stem cells was arrested with reduced protein levels of cyclin D1, cyclin E, and cyclin A, while overexpression of p52SHC1 did not result in significant changes in postmitotic neurons. Our results indicate that p52SHC3 plays an important role in maintaining the mitotic quiescence of neurons, while p52SHC1 regulates the proliferation of neural stem cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 172–180, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Physico‐chemical properties of starches isolated from potato cultivars grown in soils with different phosphorus availability
Authors: Leonel Magali , Carmo Ezequiel L , Fernandes Adalton M , Franco Célia ML , Soratto Rogério P
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND

Starch is the major component of potato tubers, amounting approximately to 150‐200 g kg −1 of the tuber weight. Starch is considered to be a major factor for the functionality of the potato in food applications. This study evaluated the physical characteristics of potato starches isolated from tubers of different potato cultivars grown in soil with three levels of phosphorus (P) availability. All potatoes were growing according the same method. The starches were isolated by physical methods and the samples were analyzed for the amylose, P content, paste properties (RVA) and thermal properties of gelatinization and retrogradation (DSC). Experimental data were analyzed considering the potato cultivars and the three soil P availability.

RESULTS

For all measured parameters significant impact of cultivar and soil P availability was determined. Phosphorus contents in potato starches ranged from 0.252 to 0.647 g kg−1 and amylose from 27.18 to 30.8%. Starches from different potato cultivars independent of soil showed a small range of gelatinization temperature. All starches showed low resistance heating and shear stress.

CONCLUSION

The results showed the influence of growing conditions (soil P availability) and also of the differences between the potato cultivars on important characteristics of applicability of starches. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
pH and heat‐dependent behaviour of glucose oxidase down to single molecule level by combined fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular modelling
Authors: Dumitraşcu Loredana , Stănciuc Nicoleta , Bahrim Gabriela Elena , Ciumac Alexandrina , Aprodu Iuliana
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND

In the food industry, glucose oxidase (GOX) is used to improve the shelf life of food materials. The pH‐ and heat‐induced conformational changes of glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger were quantified by means of fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations.

RESULTS

The phase diagram showed an all‐or‐none transition process, indicating that pH and temperature largely influence the conformational state of GOX. Shifts in maximum wavelength of Trp, Tyr were registered as the protein encounters a lower pH (pH 4.0), suggesting significant changes of the polarity around the chromophore molecule. Quenching experiments using KI showed higher quenching constants of Trp and flavin adenine dinucleotide upon heating or by changing pH value, and were mainly correlated with the conformational changes upon protein matrix. Finally, valuable insights into the thermal behaviour of GOX were obtained from molecular modelling results.

CONCLUSIONS

The conformation and structure of GOX protein is dependent upon the pH and heat treatment applied. Molecular dynamics simulation indicated significant changes in the substrate binding region at temperatures over 60°C that might affect enzyme activity. Moreover, an important alteration of the small pocket hosting the positively charged His516 residue responsible for oxygen activation appears evident at high temperatures. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Partners in crime: The role of tandem modules in gene transcription
Authors: Sharma Rajal , Zhou Ming‐Ming
Published: June 2015

Histones and their modifications play an important role in the regulation of gene transcription. Numerous modifications, such as acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and SUMOylation, have been described. These modifications almost always co‐occur and thereby increase the combinatorial complexity of post‐translational modification detection. The domains that recognize these histone modifications often occur in tandem in the context of larger proteins and complexes. The presence of multiple modifications can positively or negatively regulate the binding of these tandem domains, influencing downstream cellular function. Alternatively, these tandem domains can have novel functions from their independent parts. Here we summarize structural and functional information known about major tandem domains and their histone binding properties. An understanding of these interactions is key for the development of epigenetic therapy.
Axonal Fusion via Conduit-Based Delivery of Hydrophilic Polymers
Authors: Sexton Kevin W. , Rodriguez-Feo Charles L. , Boyer Richard B. , Del Corral Gabriel A. , Riley David C. , Pollins Alonda C. , Cardwell Nancy L. , Shack R. Bruce , Nanney Lillian B. , Thayer Wesley P.
Published: June 2015

Background

Hydrophilic polymers have been shown to improve physiologic recovery following repair of transected nerves with microsutures. Our study was designed to combine hydrophilic polymer therapy with nerve tubes (NT) to enhance polymer delivery to the site of nerve injury.

Methods

Using a rat sciatic nerve injury model, a single transection injury was repaired in an end-to-end fashion with NT+polyethylene glycol (PEG) to NT alone. Compound action potentials (CAPs) were recorded before nerve transection and after repair. Behavioral testing was performed for 5 weeks.

Results

PEG therapy restored CAPS in all, but one, animals, while no CAPS were recorded in animals not receiving PEG. Behavioral nerve function was measured using the standardized functional assessment technique and foot fault asymmetry scores (FF). FF scores were improved for the PEG therapy groups on postoperative days 7, 14, and 21. However, after expected eventual axonal outgrowth, the benefit was less noticeable at days 28 and 35. Immunohistochemistry of the distal axon segments showed an increase number of sensory and motor axons in the NT+PEG group as compared to NT alone.

Conclusion

These data suggest that PEG delivery via a conduit may provide a simple, effective way to fuse severed axons and regain early nerve function. For proximal nerve injuries in large animals, recovery of axonal continuity could dramatically improve outcomes, even if fusion only occurs in a small percentage of axons.
The Seventieth Anniversary of World War II's End in Asia: Three Perspectives
Authors: Gluck Carol , Mitter Rana , Armstrong Charles K.
Published: June 2015

Editor's Introduction: This year marks the seventieth anniversary of the end of World War II, an event that had profound implications for many Asian countries. This “Asia Beyond the Headlines” feature focuses on the impact that the Japanese surrender, which came several months after the German one, had across East Asia. I put a series of questions to three scholars—modern Japan historian Carol Gluck, China specialist Rana Mitter, and Koreanist Charles Armstrong—who have thought deeply about 1945 and its aftermath. Contacting them initially before the seventieth anniversary of VE Day had come and gone in early May, and then following up after that first big commemorative date had passed but well before the mid-August and early September dates associated with Japan's surrender, I invited them to reflect on the following issues: (1) how discussions associated with this year's anniversary have been and are likely to carry forward or break from those of one, two, three, or four decades ago; (2) what we should expect from the statements and other activities to come in mid-August and in early September; and (3) the varying ways that 1945 can be understood, depending on the part of the region in question, as bringing one era to a close, beginning another, or doing both of these things. Their responses, which engage to greater or lesser degrees with the three themes flagged in my initial questions, can be read as standalone short essays. They also fit together neatly to offer a collective window onto the varied meanings of the war and the wide-ranging debates that continue to swirl around how it should be understood, remembered, and commemorated.
5 Years, 20 Issues, 141 Articles, and What?
Authors: Hosmer LaRue Tone
Published: June 2015

The first issue of BusinessEthics Quarterlyappeared five years ago. This article classifies the content of the 141 articles that have appeared since that time along 18 dimensions, and 118 categories within those dimensions, to determine trends within the discipline. The major trend appears to be a shift in focus towards the increased discussion of a new approach/paradigm for the field, and towards a normative/descriptive interface of the theory. The major problem seems to be a lack of explicit conceptual definition and beginning empirical effort to support that new focus, which may thus prove unsustainable over time.
The Civic, Religious and Political Incorporation of British Muslims and the Role of the Anglican Church: Whose Incorporation, Which Islam?
Authors: Lewis Philip
Published: June 2015

The new Muslim presence in the West has become the source of multiple anxieties. This article, by focusing on one city in the north of England with a Muslim presence which has grown from 3000 to 130,000 in 50 years, considers the resources which state and the established church bring to incorporate such communities in the mainstream of society. The Muslim communities are not presented as passive victims of prejudice and exclusion but as possessed of agency. This paper concludes that there are expressions of Islam which are easy to incorporate but others which generate an isolationist mindset which can create major problems.
Apology and forgiveness evolve to resolve failures in cooperative agreements
Authors: Martinez-Vaquero Luis A. , Han The Anh , Pereira Luís Moniz , Lenaerts Tom
Published: June 2015

Making agreements on how to behave has been shown to be an evolutionarily viable strategy in one-shot social dilemmas. However, in many situations agreements aim to establish long-term mutually beneficial interactions. Our analytical and numerical results reveal for the first time under which conditions revenge, apology and forgiveness can evolve and deal with mistakes within ongoing agreements in the context of the Iterated Prisoners Dilemma. We show that, when the agreement fails, participants prefer to take revenge by defecting in the subsisting encounters. Incorporating costly apology and forgiveness reveals that, even when mistakes are frequent, there exists a sincerity threshold for which mistakes will not lead to the destruction of the agreement, inducing even higher levels of cooperation. In short, even when to err is human, revenge, apology and forgiveness are evolutionarily viable strategies which play an important role in inducing cooperation in repeated dilemmas.
Molding acoustic, electromagnetic and water waves with a single cloak
Authors: Xu Jun , Jiang Xu , Fang Nicholas , Georget Elodie , Abdeddaim Redha , Geffrin Jean-Michel , Farhat Mohamed , Sabouroux Pierre , Enoch Stefan , Guenneau Sébastien
Published: June 2015

We describe two experiments demonstrating that a cylindrical cloak formerly introduced for linear surface liquid waves works equally well for sound and electromagnetic waves. This structured cloak behaves like an acoustic cloak with an effective anisotropic density and an electromagnetic cloak with an effective anisotropic permittivity, respectively. Measured forward scattering for pressure and magnetic fields are in good agreement and provide first evidence of broadband cloaking. Microwave experiments and 3D electromagnetic wave simulations further confirm reduced forward and backscattering when a rectangular metallic obstacle is surrounded by the structured cloak for cloaking frequencies between 2.6 and 7.0 GHz. This suggests, as supported by 2D finite element simulations, sound waves are cloaked between 3 and 8 KHz and linear surface liquid waves between 5 and 16 Hz. Moreover, microwave experiments show the field is reduced by 10 to 30 dB inside the invisibility region, which suggests the multi-wave cloak could be used as a protection against water, sonic or microwaves.
Unraveling adaptation of Pontibacter korlensis to radiation and infertility in desert through complete genome and comparative transcriptomic analysis
Authors: Dai Jun , Dai Wenkui , Qiu Chuangzhao , Yang Zhenyu , Zhang Yi , Zhou Mengzhou , Zhang Lei , Fang Chengxiang , Gao Qiang , Yang Qiao , Li Xin , Wang Zhi , Wang Zhiyong , Jia Zhenhua , Chen Xiong
Published: June 2015

The desert is a harsh habitat for flora and microbial life due to its aridness and strong radiation. In this study, we constructed the first complete and deeply annotated genome of the genus Pontibacter (Pontibacter korlensis X14-1T = CCTCC AB 206081T, X14-1). Reconstruction of the sugar metabolism process indicated that strain X14-1 can utilize diverse sugars, including cellulose, starch and sucrose; this result is consistent with previous experiments. Strain X14-1 is also able to resist desiccation and radiation in the desert through well-armed systems related to DNA repair, radical oxygen species (ROS) detoxification and the OstAB and TreYZ pathways for trehalose synthesis. A comparative transcriptomic analysis under gamma radiation revealed that strain X14-1 presents high-efficacy operating responses to radiation, including the robust expression of catalase and the manganese transport protein. Evaluation of 73 novel genes that are differentially expressed showed that some of these genes may contribute to the strain’s adaptation to radiation and desiccation through ferric transport and preservation.
Gender Bias in U.S. Pediatric Growth Hormone Treatment
Authors: Grimberg Adda , Huerta-Saenz Lina , Grundmeier Robert , Ramos Mark Jason , Pati Susmita , Cucchiara Andrew J. , Stallings Virginia A.
Published: June 2015

Growth hormone (GH) treatment of idiopathic short stature (ISS), defined as height <−2.25 standard deviations (SD), is approved by U.S. FDA. This study determined the gender-specific prevalence of height <−2.25 SD in a pediatric primary care population and compared it to demographics of U.S. pediatric GH recipients. Data were extracted from health records of all patients age 0.5–20 years with ≥ 1 recorded height measurement in 28 regional primary care practices and from the four U.S. GH registries. Height <−2.25 SD was modeled by multivariable logistic regression against gender and other characteristics. Of the 189,280 subjects, 2073 (1.1%) had height <−2.25 SD. No gender differences in prevalence of height <−2.25 SD or distribution of height Z-scores were found. In contrast, males comprised 74% of GH recipients for ISS and 66% for all indications. Short stature was associated (P < 0.0001) with history of prematurity, race/ethnicity, age and Medicaid insurance and inversely related (P < 0.0001) with BMI Z-score. In conclusion, males outnumbered females almost 3:1 for ISS and 2:1 for all indications in U.S. pediatric GH registries despite no gender difference in height <−2.25 SD in a large primary care population. Treatment and/or referral bias was the likely cause of male predominance among GH recipients.
Repeated, long-distance migrations by a philopatric predator targeting highly contrasting ecosystems
Authors: Lea James S. E. , Wetherbee Bradley M. , Queiroz Nuno , Burnie Neil , Aming Choy , Sousa Lara L. , Mucientes Gonzalo R. , Humphries Nicolas E. , Harvey Guy M. , Sims David W. , Shivji Mahmood S.
Published: June 2015

Long-distance movements of animals are an important driver of population spatial dynamics and determine the extent of overlap with area-focused human activities, such as fishing. Despite global concerns of declining shark populations, a major limitation in assessments of population trends or spatial management options is the lack of information on their long-term migratory behaviour. For a large marine predator, the tiger sharkGaleocerdo cuvier, we show from individuals satellite-tracked for multiple years (up to 1101 days) that adult males undertake annually repeated, round-trip migrations of over 7,500 km in the northwest Atlantic. Notably, these migrations occurred between the highly disparate ecosystems of Caribbean coral reef regions in winter and high latitude oceanic areas in summer, with strong, repeated philopatry to specific overwintering insular habitat. Partial migration also occurred, with smaller, immature individuals displaying reduced migration propensity. Foraging may be a putative motivation for these oceanic migrations, with summer behaviour showing higher path tortuosity at the oceanic range extremes. The predictable migratory patterns and use of highly divergent ecosystems shown by male tiger sharks appear broadly similar to migrations seen in birds, reptiles and mammals and highlight opportunities for dynamic spatial management and conservation measures of highly mobile sharks.
Potent Paracrine Effects of human induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Doxorubicin-induced Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zhang Yuelin , Liang Xiaoting , Liao Songyan , Wang Weixin , Wang Junwen , Li Xiang , Ding Yue , Liang Yingmin , Gao Fei , Yang Mo , Fu Qingling , Xu Aimin , Chai Yuet-Hung , He Jia , Tse Hung-Fat , Lian Qizhou
Published: June 2015

Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) can protect cardiomyocytes against anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy (AIC) through paracrine effects. Nonetheless the paracrine effects of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs (iPSC-MSCs) on AIC are poorly understood. In vitro studies reveal that doxorubicin (Dox)-induced reactive oxidative stress (ROS) generation and cell apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) are significantly reduced when treated with conditioned medium harvested from BM-MSCs (BM-MSCs-CdM) or iPSC-MSCs (iPSC-MSCs-CdM). Compared with BM-MSCs-CdM, NRCMs treated with iPSC-MSCs-CdM exhibit significantly less ROS and cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Transplantation of BM-MSCs-CdM or iPSC-MSCs-CdM into mice with AIC remarkably attenuated left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and dilatation. Compared with BM-MSCs-CdM, iPSC-MSCs-CdM treatment showed better alleviation of heart failure, less cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis. Analysis of common and distinct cytokines revealed that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) were uniquely overpresented in iPSC-MSC-CdM. Immunodepletion of MIF and GDF-15 in iPSC-MSCs-CdM dramatically decreased cardioprotection. Injection of GDF-15/MIF cytokines could partially reverse Dox-induced heart dysfunction. We suggest that the potent paracrine effects of iPSC-MSCs provide novel “cell-free” therapeutic cardioprotection against AIC and that MIF and GDF-15 in iPSC-MSCs-CdM are critical for these enhanced cardioprotective effects.
Reactive Liftoff of Crystalline Cellulose Particles
Authors: Teixeira Andrew R. , Krumm Christoph , Vinter Katherine P. , Paulsen Alex D. , Zhu Cheng , Maduskar Saurabh , Joseph Kristeen E. , Greco Katharine , Stelatto Michael , Davis Eric , Vincent Brendon , Hermann Richard , Suszynski Wieslaw , Schmidt Lanny D. , Fan Wei , Rothstein Jonathan P. , Dauenhauer Paul J.
Published: June 2015

The condition of heat transfer to lignocellulosic biomass particles during thermal processing at high temperature (>400 °C) dramatically alters the yield and quality of renewable energy and fuels. In this work, crystalline cellulose particles were discovered to lift off heated surfaces by high speed photography similar to the Leidenfrost effect in hot, volatile liquids. Order of magnitude variation in heat transfer rates and cellulose particle lifetimes was observed as intermediate liquid cellulose droplets transitioned from low temperature wetting (500–600 °C) to fully de-wetted, skittering droplets on polished surfaces (>700 °C). Introduction of macroporosity to the heated surface was shown to completely inhibit the cellulose Leidenfrost effect, providing a tunable design parameter to control particle heat transfer rates in industrial biomass reactors.
Selective Functional Disconnection of the Dorsal Subregion of the Temporal Pole in Schizophrenia
Authors: Xu Lixue , Qin Wen , Zhuo Chuanjun , Zhu Jiajia , Liu Huaigui , Liu Xingyun , Xu Yongjie , Yu Chunshui
Published: June 2015

Although extensive resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes have been reported in schizophrenia, rsFC changes in the temporal pole (TP) remain unknown. The TP contains several subregions with different connection patterns; however, it is not known whether TP subregions are differentially affected in schizophrenia. Sixty-six schizophrenia patients and 76 healthy comparison subjects underwent resting-state fMRI using a sensitivity-encoded spiral-in (SENSE-SPIRAL) imaging sequence to reduce susceptibility-induced signal loss and distortion. The TP was subdivided into the dorsal (TPd) and ventral (TPv) subregions. Mean fMRI time series were extracted for each TP subregion and entered into a seed-based rsFC analysis. Direct between-group comparisons revealed reduced rsFC between the right TPd and brain regions involved in language processing and multisensory integration in schizophrenia, including the left superior temporal gyrus, left mid-cingulate cortex and right insular cortex. The rsFC changes of the right TPd in schizophrenia were independent of the grey matter reduction of this subregion. Moreover, these rsFC changes were unrelated to illness severity, duration of illness and antipsychotic medication dosage. No significant group differences were observed in the rsFC of the left TPd and bilateral TPv subregions. These findings suggest a selective (the right TPd) functional disconnection of TP subregions in schizophrenia.
A dielectrophoretic method of discrimination between normal oral epithelium, and oral and oropharyngeal cancer in a clinical setting
Authors: Graham K. A. , Mulhall H. J. , Labeed F. H. , Lewis M. P. , Hoettges K. F. , Kalavrezos N. , McCaul J. , Liew C. , Porter S. , Fedele S. , Hughes M. P.
Published: June 2015

DEP has the potential to be developed into a low-cost, rapid tool for the early identification of oral cancer in primary care.
A simple, highly sensitive, high throughput and organic solvent-free screening method for melamine by microsphere-based flow cytometry immunoassay
Authors: Tsoi Tik-Hung , Wong Wing-Tak
Published: June 2015

A facile method based on indirect competitive inhibitory microsphere-based flow cytometry for melamine screening.
Integration of DNA bio-gates and duplex-specific nuclease signal amplification: towards electrochemiluminescence detection of survivin mRNA
Authors: Wang Jing , Li Xiang-Ling , Zhang Jia-Dong , Hao Nan , Xu Jing-Juan , Chen Hong-Yuan
Published: June 2015

Based on the integration of DNA bio-gates and duplex-specific nuclease assisted target recycling, a facile electrochemiluminescence assay was developed for the sensitive detection of survivin mRNA.
Giant tubular and toroidal vesicles from self-assembled triblock copolymer–polyaniline complexes in water
Authors: Palanisamy Anbazhagan , Guo Qipeng
Published: June 2015

We report here a facile method for fabrication of giant tubular and toroidal vesicles from self-assembled complexes of a flexible coil-like triblock copolymer and a rigid rod conjugated homopolymer.
Ni(ii)-catalyzed dehydrative alkynylation of unactivated (hetero)aryl C–H bonds using oxygen: a user-friendly approach
Authors: Liu Yan-Hua , Liu Yue-Jin , Yan Sheng-Yi , Shi Bing-Feng
Published: June 2015

Ni(ii)-catalyzed dehydrative alkynylation of unactivated C(sp2)–H bonds with terminal alkynes under atmospheric pressure of oxygen is described.
The effect of carbon–polyaniline hybrid coating on high-temperature electrochemical performance of perovskite-type oxide LaFeO3 for MH–Ni batteries
Authors: Pei Yaru , Du Wenkai , Li Yuan , Shen Wenzhuo , Wang Yunchai , Yang Shuqin , Han Shumin
Published: June 2015

An efficient carbon–polyaniline (PANI)-coated method was applied for perovskite-type oxide LaFeO3 to enhance its high-temperature electrochemical performance.
The selectivity of water-based pyrophosphate recognition is tuned by metal substitution in dimetallic receptors
Authors: Svane Simon , Kjeldsen Frank , McKee Vickie , McKenzie Christine J.
Published: June 2015

Indicator displacement assays show that a digallium complex is selective for pyrophosphate even compared with higher concentrations of other common oxoanions like phosphate, ATP, arsenate, nitrate, perchlorate, sulfate, formate, carbonate and acetate.
Acetate anion-triggered peroxygenation of non-native substrates by wild-type cytochrome P450s
Authors: Onoda Hiroki , Shoji Osami , Watanabe Yoshihito
Published: June 2015

Wild-type cytochrome P450SPαand cytochrome P450BSβcan catalyze the oxidation of non-native substrates by performing the reaction at a high concentration of the acetate anion.
Chemistry and structure by design: ordered CuNi(CN)4 sheets with copper(ii) in a square-planar environment
Authors: Chippindale A. M. , Hibble S. J. , Marelli E. , Bilbe E. J. , Hannon A. C. , Zbiri M.
Published: June 2015

Cu(ii) has been stabilised with square-planar coordination in a cyanide-only environment in the layered semiconducting material, copper–nickel cyanide, CuNi(CN)4, which shows 2-D negative thermal expansion.
Photochemical behavior of antibiotics impacted by complexation effects of concomitant metals: a case for ciprofloxacin and Cu(ii)
Authors: Wei Xiaoxuan , Chen Jingwen , Xie Qing , Zhang Siyu , Li Yingjie , Zhang Yifei , Xie Hongbin
Published: June 2015

Cu(ii) complexation altered the light absorption, direct photolytic pathways, 1O2 photo-generation ability, and the reactivity of H2CIP+ towards 1O2 by changing its molecular orbitals and atomic charge distribution.
Synthesis and strong photooxidation power of a supramolecular hybrid comprising a polyoxometalate and Ru(ii) polypyridyl complex with zinc(ii)
Authors: Ohashi Kenji , Takeda Hiroyuki , Koike Kazuhide , Ishitani Osamu
Published: June 2015

A novel method for constructing supramolecular hybrids composed of polyoxometalates and photofunctional metal complexes was developed. A Ru(ii) complex with phosphonate groups (RuP) strongly interacted with Zn(ii) to afford a 2 : 1 trinuclear metal complex ([(RuP)2Zn]3+). In dimethylsulfoxide, [(RuP)2Zn]3+ strongly interacted with a Keggin-type heteropolyoxometalate (Si-WPOM) to form a 1 : 1 hybrid ([(RuP)2Zn]-POM). Irradiation of [(RuP)2Zn]-POM in the presence of diethanolamine caused rapid accumulation of the one-electron reduced hybrid with a quantum yield of 0.99.
The impact of fertilization on the chicken egg yolk plasma and granule proteome 24 hours post-lay at room temperature: capitalizing on high-pH/low-pH reverse phase chromatography in conjunction with tandem mass tag (TMT) technology
Authors: Padliya Neerav D. , Qian Meiqian , Mimi Roy Sushmita , Chu Patrick , Zheng Haiyan , Tess Alex , Dariani Maghsoud , Hariri Robert J.
Published: June 2015

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics may help develop egg yolk-based products optimized for specific applications.
In-depth comparative proteomic analysis of yeast proteome using iTRAQ and SWATH based MS
Authors: Basak Trayambak , Bhat Ajay , Malakar Dipankar , Pillai Manoj , Sengupta Shantanu
Published: June 2015

SWATH is capable of quantifying proteins of lower abundance as compared to iTRAQ.
The facile synthesis of a magnetic OMS-2 catalyst for decomposition of organic dyes in aqueous solution with peroxymonosulfate
Authors: Wei Mingyu , Ruan Yang , Luo Shilu , Li Xiaoxia , Xu Aihua , Zhang Ping
Published: June 2015

A magnetically recyclable nanocomposite, manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves (OMS-2) coated Fe3O4 nanoparticle, was prepared by a facile solvent-free process, and used for peroxymonosulfate activation and pollutants degradation.
CuBr catalyzed aerobic oxidative coupling of 2-aminopyridines with cinnamaldehydes: direct access to 3-formyl-2-phenyl-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines
Authors: Bharate Jaideep B. , Abbat Sheenu , Bharatam Prasad V. , Vishwakarma Ram A. , Bharate Sandip B.
Published: June 2015

Copper bromide catalyzed aerobic oxidative coupling of 2-aminopyridines with cinnamaldehydes provides direct access to 3-formyl-2-phenyl-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines.
Total synthesis of two potent anti-inflammatory macrolactones of the oxacyclododecindione type
Authors: Tauber Johannes , Rohr Markus , Walter Thorsten , Erkel Gerhard , Opatz Till
Published: June 2015

The first successful synthetic entry into the highly potent oxacyclododecindione type macrolactones by a late-stage intramolecular Friedel–Crafts cyclization is described.
Modulation of human mesenchymal stem cell survival on electrospun mesh with co-immobilized epithelial growth factor and gelatin
Authors: Shin Young Min , Lim Jong-Young , Park Jong-Seok , Gwon Hui-Jeong , Jeong Sung In , Ahn Sung-Jun , Shin Heungsoo , Lim Youn-Mook
Published: June 2015

Co-immobilization of EGF and gelatin on a fibrous mesh promotes spreading and viability of hMSC, and coupled EGF involves involucrin expression and procollagen secretion, indicating trans-differentiation to keratinocyte-like cell.
Lanthanum loaded CuO nanoparticles: synthesis and characterization of a recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles and propargylamines
Authors: Sasikala R. , Rani S. Kutti , Easwaramoorthy D. , Karthikeyan K.
Published: June 2015

A click and three component A3coupling reactions were achieved by lanthanum loaded CuO NPs under ultrasonication. 1,4-Disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles and propargylamines were synthesized in a short reaction time with high regioselectivity and yields.
An electrochemical synthesis strategy for composite based ZnO microspheres–Au nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide for the sensitive detection of hydrazine in water samples
Authors: Madhu Rajesh , Dinesh Bose , Chen Shen-Ming , Saraswathi Ramiah , Mani Veerappan
Published: June 2015

RGO/ZnO–Au nanocomposite towards the toxic hydrazine sensor.
Chlorine-functionalized reduced graphene oxide for methylene blue removal
Authors: Wang Chubei , Zhou Jianwei , Chu Liangliang
Published: June 2015

Hydroxyl group in graphene oxide can be substituted by chlorine in sulfuryl chloride at mild condition.
Semitransparent polymer-based solar cells via simple wet lamination process with TiO2 layer using automatic spray layer-by-layer method
Authors: Ariyarit Atthaporn , Manabe Kengo , Fukada Kenta , Kyung Kyu-Hong , Fujimoto Kouji , Shiratori Seimei
Published: June 2015

We fabricated electron transport TiO2 layer by water base solution using spray layer-by-layer method for semitransparent organic thin film solar cell.
Molecular charge transfer via π–π interaction: an effective approach to realize the half-metallicity and spin-gapless-semiconductor in zigzag graphene nanoribbon
Authors: Chen Wei , Sun Yuanhui , Guan Jia , Wang Qiang , Huang Xuri , Yu Guangtao
Published: June 2015

Molecular charge transfer via simple π–π interaction is an effective strategy to modulate the electronic and magnetic behaviors of zGNRs.
Advances in bioprocessing for efficient bio manufacture
Authors: Zhang Genlin , Qi Feng , Jia Haiyang , Zou Changling , Li Chun
Published: June 2015

The strategies involving molecular, cellular and community levels for improving various bioprocesses are reviewed with specific examples presented.
Multi-scale study of hydrodynamics in an interconnected fluidized bed for the chemical looping combustion process
Authors: Wang Shuai , Chen Juhui , Lu Huilin , Liu Guodong , Sun Liyan
Published: June 2015

The variation range of bubble diameter in the FR is narrow compared to that in the AR.
POSS-tethered fluorinated diblock copolymers with linear- and star-shaped topologies: synthesis, self-assembled films and hydrophobic applications
Authors: Pan Aizhao , Yang Shao , He Ling
Published: June 2015

Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) tethered fluorinated diblock copolymers are synthesized using octakis(dibromoethyl)POSS and aminopropylisobutyl POSS initiation of methylmethacrylate and dodecafluoroheptylmethacrylate.
Mo(vi) complex supported on Fe3O4 nanoparticles: magnetically separable nanocatalysts for selective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides
Authors: Keypour Hasan , Balali Masomeh , Haghdoost Mohammad Mehdi , Bagherzadeh Mojtaba
Published: June 2015

A molybdenum complex was immobilized on amino propyl and Schiff base modified magnetic nanoparticles by covalent linkage. In catalytic oxidation of sulfides, the catalysts showed similar catalytic activity but different stability and recyclability.
Advanced analysis of nanoparticle composites – a means toward increasing the efficiency of functional materials
Authors: Crick C. R. , Noimark S. , Peveler William J. , Bear J. C. , Ivanov A. P. , Edel J. B. , Parkin I. P.
Published: June 2015

Direct visualisation of embedded nanoparticles allows for quantification of their concentration, at the surface and the bulk of host matrix.
Copper-catalyzed synthesis of 1,3,5-triarylpentane-1,5-diones from α,β-unsaturated ketones
Authors: Li Zheng , Wen Gong , He Lili , Li Jiasheng , Jia Xianggui , Yang Jingya
Published: June 2015

An efficient method for copper catalyzed synthesis of 1,3,5-triarylpentane-1,5-diones using α,β-unsaturated ketones as a unique starting material is described.
Type-I clathrates of K7.69(2)Cu2.94(6)Ge43.06(6)and Rb8Ag2.79(4)Ge43.21(4)
Authors: Zhang Hui , Xu Xuguang , Li Wei , Mu Gang , Huang Fu-Qiang , Xie Xiao-Ming
Published: June 2015

Type-I clathrates of K7.69(2)Cu2.94(6)Ge43.06(6)and Rb8Ag2.79(4)Ge43.21(4)are successfully synthesized.
Matching energy levels between TiO2 and α-Fe2O3 in a core–shell nanoparticle for visible-light photocatalysis
Authors: Lin Zhaoyong , Liu Pu , Yan Jiahao , Yang Guowei
Published: June 2015

Coupling TiO2 with other semiconductors is a route to extend the optical response range of TiO2 and to improve the efficiency of its photon quantum.
How do nitrogen-doped carbon dots generate from molecular precursors? An investigation of the formation mechanism and a solution-based large-scale synthesis
Authors: Hu Yaoping , Yang Jing , Tian Jiangwei , Yu Jun-Sheng
Published: June 2015

A solution-based method is developed for rapid and scalable synthesis of highly fluorescent carbon dots in a monoethanolamine system, and an interesting formation process of carbon dots is directly observed.
Derivatization of diamondoids for functional applications
Authors: Zhou Yingjie , Brittain Alex D. , Kong Deyuan , Xiao Min , Meng Yuezhong , Sun Luyi
Published: June 2015

Diamondoids, a group of hydrocarbon cage molecules that resemble diamond lattice, are attracting increasing interest.
Breeding the dairy cow of the future: what do we need?
Authors: Berry Donagh P.
Published: June 2015

Genetics is responsible for approximately half the observed changes in animal performance in well structured breeding programs. Key characteristics of the dairy cow of the future include (1) production of a large quantity of high-value output (i.e. milk and meat), (2) good reproductive performance, (3) good health status, (4) good longevity, (5) no requirement for a large quantity of feed, yet being able to eat sufficient feed to meet its requirements, (6) easy to manage (i.e. easy calving, docile), (7) good conformation (over and above reflective of health, reproductive performance and longevity), (8) low environmental footprint, and (9) resilience to external perturbations. Pertinent and balanced breeding goals must be developed and implemented to achieve this type of animal; excluding any characteristic from the breeding goal could be detrimental for genetic gain in this characteristic. Attributes currently not explicitly considered in most dairy-cow breeding objectives include product quality, feed intake and efficiency, and environmental footprint; animal health is poorly represented in most breeding objectives. Lessons from the past deterioration in reproductive performance in the global Holstein population remind us of the consequences of ignoring or failing to monitor certain animal characteristics. More importantly, however, current knowledge clearly demonstrates that once unfavourable trends have been identified and the appropriate breeding strategy implemented, the reversal of genetic trends is achievable, even for low-heritability traits such as reproductive performance. Genetic variation exists in all the characteristics described. In the genomics era, the relevance of heritability statistics for most traits is less; the exception is traits not amenable to routine measurement in large populations. Phenotyping strategies (e.g. more detailed phenotypes, larger population) will remain a key component of an animal breeding strategy to achieve the cow of the future as well as providing the necessary tools and information to monitor performance. The inclusion of genomic information in genetic evaluations is, and will continue, to improve the accuracy of genetic evaluations, which, in turn, will augment genetic gain; genomics, however, can also contribute to gains in performance over and above support of increased genetic gain. Nonetheless, the faster genetic gain and thus reduced ability to purge out unfavourable alleles necessitates the appropriate breeding goal and breeding scheme and very close monitoring of performance, in particular for traits not included in the breeding goals. Developments in other disciplines (e.g. reproductive technologies), coupled with commercial struggle for increased market share of the breeding industry, imply a possible change in the landscape of dairy-cow breeding in the future.