bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lignocellulose-Derived Arabinose for Energy and Chemicals Synthesis through Microbial Cell Factories: A Review
Authors: Jacob Samuel , Dilshani Aswin , Rishivanthi Srinivasan , Khaitan Pratham , Vamsidhar Adhinarayan , Rajeswari Gunasekaran , Kumar Vinod , Rajak Rajiv , Din Mohd , Zambare Vasudeo
Published: May 2023

The exploration of natural substrates for microbial conversion to synthesize industrial platform and fuel chemicals seems to be inevitable within a circular bioeconomy context. Hemicellulose is a natural carbohydrate polymer consisting of a variety of pentose (C5) sugar monomers such as arabinose, mannose, erythrose, and xylose. Among the C5 sugars, L-arabinose (L-Ara) is the second-most-abundant pentose sugar in the lignocellulosic biomass after xylose. L-Ara has been used as an industrial carbon source to produce several value-added chemicals such as putrescine, which is used to synthesize polymers in the textile industry; sugar alcohols that are used as sweeteners in diet foods; and amino acids such as L-lysine, L-glutamate, L-arginine, and L-ornithine, which are used in nutritional supplements, fertilizers, and other products in the food and beverage industries. L-Ara, a natural non-caloric sweetener, is used as a substitute in the food and beverage industry, when the risk of blood sugar and lipid levels could be reduced. Major use of L-Ara is also found in the medical and pharmaceutical sectors to treat several conditions, including mineral absorption disorder, constipation, and diabetes, among others. In recent years, there has been a rising interest in synthesizing various sugar alcohols and derivatives, including arabitol, xylitol, and 2,3-butanediol, through the modification of producer organisms either genetically or metabolically to produce value-added products. Understanding the current demand and the need to increase the diversified production of industrial green chemicals with the reduced waste of useful lignocellulosic resources, this review focuses on the background of L-Ara and its various sources, microbes that utilize L-Ara to produce high-value-added products, and the future prospects for strain improvements to increase the yield of high-value-added products.
Alternative Sources of Energy in Transport: A Review
Authors: Pustějovská Kristýna , Janovská Kamila , Jursová Simona
Published: May 2023

Alternative sour2ces of energy are on the rise primarily because of environmental concerns, in addition to the depletion of fossil fuel reserves. Currently, there are many alternatives, approaches, and attempts to introduce alternative energy sources in the field of transport. This article centers around the need to explore additional energy sources beyond the current ones in use. It delves into individual energy sources that can be utilized for transportation, including their properties, production methods, and the advantages and disadvantages associated with their use across different types of drives. The article not only examines the situation in the Czech Republic but also in other nations. In addition to addressing future mobility, the thesis also considers how the utilization of new energy sources may impact the environment.
Multi-Criteria Screening of Organic Ethanolamines for Efficient CO2 Capture Based on Group Contribution Method
Authors: Liu Bin , Yu Yanan , Liu Hanlin , Cui Zhe , Tian Wende
Published: May 2023

Amine solvent has attracted much attention due to its high CO2 capture level and wide application range, but its high energy consumption for recycling restricts its large-scale commercialization. In this work, a multi-objective optimization technology based on the group contribution method was used to select potential amine solvents for CO2 capture. This computer-aided molecular design method considers the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the candidate solvent and evaluates the influence of relevant parameters on solvent performance. Compared with previous experimental methods used to optimize solvent, this method selects potential solvents from a large number of solvent databases based on group contribution. Firstly, a corresponding classification database was established for various kinds of amine solvents. Then, the traditional experiments were used to verify and screen solvents. At the same time, the method was applied to 31 amine absorbents concerning solubility, molar volume, surface tension, heat capacity, viscosity, pKa, saturated vapor pressure, and so on, and seven solvents were found to have comparable performance to MEA, with higher absorption rates and solubility. This method provides guidance for screening CO2 capture absorbents with economic viability, high efficiency, fast absorption rates, and low regeneration energy consumption.
A Diversification Framework for Multiple Pairs Trading Strategies
Authors: Lee Kiseop , Leung Tim , Ning Boming
Published: May 2023

We propose a framework for constructing diversified portfolios with multiple pairs trading strategies. In our approach, several pairs of co-moving assets are traded simultaneously, and capital is dynamically allocated among different pairs based on the statistical characteristics of the historical spreads. This allows us to further consider various portfolio designs and rebalancing strategies. Working with empirical data, our experiments suggest the significant benefits of diversification within our proposed framework.
COVID-19 Media Chatter and Macroeconomic Reflectors on Black Swan: A Spanish and Indian Stock Markets Comparison
Authors: Ghosh Indranil , Alfaro-Cortés Esteban , Gámez Matías , García-Rubio Noelia
Published: May 2023

Predictive analytics of financial markets in developed and emerging economies during the COVID-19 regime is undeniably challenging due to unavoidable uncertainty and the profound proliferation of negative news on different platforms. Tracking the media echo is crucial to explaining and anticipating the abrupt fluctuations in financial markets. The present research attempts to propound a robust framework capable of channeling macroeconomic reflectors and essential media chatter-linked variables to draw precise forecasts of future figures for Spanish and Indian stock markets. The predictive structure combines Isometric Mapping (ISOMAP), which is a non-linear feature transformation tool, and Gradient Boosting Regression (GBR), which is an ensemble machine learning technique to perform predictive modelling. The Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is used to interpret the black-box type predictive model to infer meaningful insights. The overall results duly justify the incorporation of local and global media chatter indices in explaining the dynamics of respective financial markets. The findings imply marginally better predictability of Indian stock markets than their Spanish counterparts. The current work strives to compare and contrast the reaction of developed and developing financial markets during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has been argued to share a close resemblance to the Black Swan event when applying a robust research framework. The insights linked to the dependence of stock markets on macroeconomic indicators can be leveraged for policy formulations for augmenting household finance.
Precipitation Conditions Constrain the Sensitivity of Aboveground Net Primary Productivity in Tibetan Plateau Grasslands to Climate Change
Authors: Zeng Na , Ren Xiaoli , He Honglin , Zhang Li , Niu Zhongen
Published: May 2023

Continued climate warming and precipitation fluctuations are expected to further affect aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) across alpine grasslands, with associated implications for ecosystem functions. The spatial and temporal variability of ANPP in Tibetan Plateau (TP) grasslands and its response to temperature and precipitation were investigated in this study, based on the ANPP estimated by means of ensemble analysis of multiple machine learning models. First, the response of the spatial distribution of ANPP to variations in the precipitation gradient was nonlinear and showed an S-shaped growth pattern, which could be divided into four stages (stationary, rapid growth, slower growth, and saturation) corresponding to arid (mean annual precipitation (MAP) < 250 mm), semiarid (250 mm < MAP < 450 mm), semihumid (450 mm < MAP < 650 mm) and humid (MAP > 650 mm) precipitation regimes, respectively. Second, regional precipitation regimes affected the sensitivity of ANPP’s interannual variability to temperature and precipitation; ANPP is more sensitive to temperature in wetter areas than in dryer areas of the TP region. The results of our study suggest that in the region of Tibetan Plateau, the response of grassland ANPP variation to climate was constrained by the background precipitation regimes.
YOLO for Penguin Detection and Counting Based on Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Wu Jiahui , Xu Wen , He Jianfeng , Lan Musheng
Published: May 2023

As the largest species of birds in Antarctica, penguins are called “biological indicators”. Changes in the environment will cause population fluctuations. Therefore, developing a penguin census regularly will not only help carry out conservation activities but also provides a basis for studying climate change. Traditionally, scholars often use indirect methods, e.g., identifying penguin guano and establishing regression relationships to estimate the size of penguin colonies. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of automatic object detection algorithms based on aerial images, which locate each penguin directly. We build a dataset consisting of images taken at 400 m altitude over the island populated by Adelie penguins, which are cropped with a resolution of 640 × 640. To address the challenges of detecting minuscule penguins (often 10 pixels extent) amidst complex backgrounds in our dataset, we propose a new object detection network, named YoloPd (Yolo for penguin detection). Specifically, a multiple frequency features fusion module and a Bottleneck aggregation layer are proposed to strengthen feature representations for smaller penguins. Furthermore, the Transformer aggregation layer and efficient attention module are designed to capture global features with the aim of filtering out background interference. With respect to the latency/accuracy trade-off, YoloPd surpasses the classical detector Faster R-CNN by 8.5% in mean precision (mAP). It also beats the latest detector Yolov7 by 2.3% in F1 score with fewer parameters. Under YoloPd, the average counting accuracy reaches 94.6%, which is quite promising. The results demonstrate the potential of automatic detectors and provide a new direction for penguin counting.
Uncertainty Quantification of Satellite Soil Moisture Retrieved Precipitation in the Central Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhang Ke , Zhao Long , Yang Kun , Song Lisheng , Ni Xiang , Han Xujun , Ma Mingguo , Fan Lei
Published: May 2023

SM2RAIN is a well-established methodology for estimating precipitation from satellite or observed soil moisture and it has been applied as a complementary approach to conventional precipitation monitoring methods. However, satellite soil moisture retrievals are usually subject to various biases and limited number of retrievals (and therefore large intervals) in remote areas, such as the Tibetan Plateau (TP), and little is known about their potential impacts on precipitation estimation. This study seeks to quantify the uncertainties in Soil Moisture Active and Passive (SMAP) soil moisture estimated precipitation through the commonly used SM2RAIN by referring to in situ soil moisture observations from the central Tibetan Plateau soil moisture network. The estimated precipitation is evaluated against rain gauge observations. Additional attention is paid to different orbits of the SMAP retrievals. Results show that the original SM2RAIN algorithm tends to underestimate the precipitation amount in the central TP when using SMAP soil moisture retrievals as input. The retrieval accuracy and sampling interval of SMAP soil moisture from ascending (descending) orbits each count for 1.04 mm/5 d (−0.18 mm/5 d) and 1.67 mm/5 d (0.72 mm/5 d) of estimated precipitation uncertainties as represented by root mean square error. Besides, the descending product of SMAP with a relatively less sampling interval and higher retrieval accuracy outperforms the ascending one in estimating precipitation, and the combination of both two orbits does add value to the overall SM2RAIN estimation. This study is expected to provide guidance for future applications of SM2RAIN-derived precipitation. Meanwhile, more reliable SM2RAIN precipitation estimations are desired when using higher quality satellite soil moisture products with better retrieval accuracy and smaller intervals.
An Efficient Procedure for Bonding Piezoelectric Transducers to Thermoplastic Composite Structures for SHM Application and Its Durability in Aeronautical Environmental Conditions
Authors: Sofi Tasdeeq , Gude Maria R. , Wierach Peter , Martin Isabel , Lorenzo Eduardo
Published: May 2023

Piezoceramic transducers (PCTs) bonded to carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) composite structures must be durable as well as remain properly bonded to the structure in order to provide reliable data for accurate guided-wave-based structural health monitoring (SHM) of aeronautical components. The current method of bonding transducers to composite structures through epoxy adhesives faces some shortcomings, such as difficult reparability, lack of weldability, longer curing cycles, and shorter shelf life. To overcome these shortcomings, a new efficient procedure for bonding the transducers to thermoplastic (TP) composite structures was developed by utilizing TP adhesive films. Application-suitable TP films (TPFs) were identified and characterized through standard differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and single lap shear (SLS) tests to study their melting behavior and bonding strength, respectively. Special PCTs called acousto-ultrasonic composite transducers (AUCTs) were bonded to high-performance TP composites (carbon fiber Poly-Ether-Ether-Ketone) coupons with a reference adhesive (Loctite EA 9695) and the selected TPFs. The integrity and durability of the bonded AUCTs in aeronautical operational environmental conditions (AOEC) were assessed in accordance to the standard Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics DO-160. The AOEC tests performed were operating low and high temperatures, thermal cycling, hot-wet, and fluid susceptibility tests. The health and bonding quality of the AUCTs were evaluated by the electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) spectroscopy method and ultrasonic inspections. The AUCT defects were created artificially and their influence on the susceptance spectra (SS) was measured to compare them with the AOEC-tested AUCTs. The results show that a small change occurred in the SS characteristics of the bonded AUCTs in all of the adhesive cases after the AOEC tests. After comparing the changes in SS characteristics of simulated defects with that of the AOEC-tested AUCTs, the change is relatively smaller and therefore it can be concluded that no serious degradation of the AUCT or the adhesive layer has occurred. It was observed that the most critical tests among the AOEC tests are the fluid susceptibility tests, which can cause the biggest change in the SS characteristics. Comparing the performance of the AUCTs bonded with the reference adhesive and the selected TPFs in the AOEC tests, it was seen that some of the TPFs, e.g., Pontacol 22.100 outperforms the reference adhesive, while the other TPFs have similar performance to that of the reference adhesive. Therefore, in conclusion, the AUCTs bonded with the selected TPFs can withstand the operational and environmental conditions of an aircraft structure, and hence, the proposed procedure is easily installed, reparable, and a more reliable method of bonding sensors to aircraft structures.
Code Integrity and Confidentiality: An Active Data Approach for Active and Healthy Ageing
Authors: Litvinov Egor , Llumiguano Henry , Santofimia Maria J. , del Toro Xavier , Villanueva Felix J. , Rocha Pedro
Published: May 2023

Internet of Things cybersecurity is gaining attention as the number of devices installed in IoT environments is exponentially increasing while the number of attacks successfully addressed to these devices are also proliferating. Security concerns have, however, been mainly addressed to service availability and information integrity and confidentiality. Code integrity, on the other hand, is not receiving proper attention, mainly because of the limited resources of these devices, thus preventing the implementation of advanced protection mechanisms. This situation calls for further research on how traditional mechanisms for code integrity can be adapted to IoT devices. This work presents a mechanism for code integrity in IoT devices based on a virtual-machine approach. A proof-of-concept virtual machine is presented, specially designed for providing code integrity during firmware updates. The proposed approach has been experimentally validated in terms of resource consumption among the most-widespread micro-controller units. The obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of this robust mechanism for code integrity.
A Context-Aware, Computer-Vision-Based Approach for the Detection of Taxi Street-Hailing Scenes from Video Streams
Authors: Mastouri Mahmoud , Bouyahia Zied , Haddad Hedi , Horchani Leila , Jabeur Nafaa
Published: May 2023

With the increasing deployment of autonomous taxis in different cities around the world, recent studies have stressed the importance of developing new methods, models and tools for intuitive human–autonomous taxis interactions (HATIs). Street hailing is one example, where passengers would hail an autonomous taxi by simply waving a hand, exactly like they do for manned taxis. However, automated taxi street-hailing recognition has been explored to a very limited extent. In order to address this gap, in this paper, we propose a new method for the detection of taxi street hailing based on computer vision techniques. Our method is inspired by a quantitative study that we conducted with 50 experienced taxi drivers in the city of Tunis (Tunisia) in order to understand how they recognize street-hailing cases. Based on the interviews with taxi drivers, we distinguish between explicit and implicit street-hailing cases. Given a traffic scene, explicit street hailing is detected using three elements of visual information: the hailing gesture, the person’s relative position to the road and the person’s head orientation. Any person who is standing close to the road, looking towards the taxi and making a hailing gesture is automatically recognized as a taxi-hailing passenger. If some elements of the visual information are not detected, we use contextual information (such as space, time and weather) in order to evaluate the existence of implicit street-hailing cases. For example, a person who is standing on the roadside in the heat, looking towards the taxi but not waving his hand is still considered a potential passenger. Hence, the new method that we propose integrates both visual and contextual information in a computer-vision pipeline that we designed to detect taxi street-hailing cases from video streams collected by capturing devices mounted on moving taxis. We tested our pipeline using a dataset that we collected with a taxi on the roads of Tunis. Considering both explicit and implicit hailing scenarios, our method yields satisfactory results in relatively realistic settings, with an accuracy of 80%, a precision of 84% and a recall of 84%.
A Comparison of Multiple Odor Source Localization Algorithms
Authors: Staples Marshall , Hugenholtz Chris , Serrano-Ramirez Alex , Barchyn Thomas E. , Gao Mozhou
Published: May 2023

There are two primary algorithms for autonomous multiple odor source localization (MOSL) in an environment with turbulent fluid flow: Independent Posteriors (IP) and Dempster–Shafer (DS) theory algorithms. Both of these algorithms use a form of occupancy grid mapping to map the probability that a given location is a source. They have potential applications to assist in locating emitting sources using mobile point sensors. However, the performance and limitations of these two algorithms is currently unknown, and a better understanding of their effectiveness under various conditions is required prior to application. To address this knowledge gap, we tested the response of both algorithms to different environmental and odor search parameters. The localization performance of the algorithms was measured using the earth mover’s distance. Results indicate that the IP algorithm outperformed the DS theory algorithm by minimizing source attribution in locations where there were no sources, while correctly identifying source locations. The DS theory algorithm also identified actual sources correctly but incorrectly attributed emissions to many locations where there were no sources. These results suggest that the IP algorithm offers a more appropriate approach for solving the MOSL problem in environments with turbulent fluid flow.
Influence of Multimodal Emotional Stimulations on Brain Activity: An Electroencephalographic Study
Authors: Gao Chenguang , Uchitomi Hirotaka , Miyake Yoshihiro
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to reveal the influence of emotional valence and sensory modality on neural activity in response to multimodal emotional stimuli using scalp EEG. In this study, 20 healthy participants completed the emotional multimodal stimulation experiment for three stimulus modalities (audio, visual, and audio-visual), all of which are from the same video source with two emotional components (pleasure or unpleasure), and EEG data were collected using six experimental conditions and one resting state. We analyzed power spectral density (PSD) and event-related potential (ERP) components in response to multimodal emotional stimuli, for spectral and temporal analysis. PSD results showed that the single modality (audio only/visual only) emotional stimulation PSD differed from multi-modality (audio-visual) in a wide brain and band range due to the changes in modality and not from the changes in emotional degree. The most pronounced N200-to-P300 potential shifts occurred in monomodal rather than multimodal emotional stimulations. This study suggests that emotional saliency and sensory processing efficiency perform a significant role in shaping neural activity during multimodal emotional stimulation, with the sensory modality being more influential in PSD. These findings contribute to our understanding of the neural mechanisms involved in multimodal emotional stimulation.
A Direct Immunoassay Based on Surface-Enhanced Spectroscopy Using AuNP/PS-b-P2VP Nanocomposites
Authors: Vieira Moyra F. , Bovolato Ana Lívia de Carvalho , da Fonseca Bruno G. , Izumi Celly M. S. , Brolo Alexandre G.
Published: May 2023

A biosensor was developed for directly detecting human immunoglobulin G (IgG) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) based on stable and reproducible gold nanoparticles/polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (AuNP/PS-b-P2VP) nanocomposites. The substrates were functionalized with carboxylic acid groups for the covalent binding of anti-IgG and anti-ATP and the detection of IgG and ATP (1 to 150 μg/mL). SEM images of the nanocomposite show 17 ± 2 nm AuNP clusters adsorbed over a continuous porous PS-b-P2VP thin film. UV–VIS and SERS were used to characterize each step of the substrate functionalization and the specific interaction between anti-IgG and the targeted IgG analyte. The UV–VIS results show a redshift of the LSPR band as the AuNP surface was functionalized and SERS measurements showed consistent changes in the spectral features. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to discriminate between samples before and after the affinity tests. Moreover, the designed biosensor proved to be sensitive to different concentrations of IgG with a limit-of-detection (LOD) down to 1 μg/mL. Moreover, the selectivity to IgG was confirmed using standard solutions of IgM as a control. Finally, ATP direct immunoassay (LOD = 1 μg/mL) has demonstrated that this nanocomposite platform can be used to detect different types of biomolecules after proper functionalization.
CNN–LSTM Neural Network for Identification of Pre-Cooked Pasta Products in Different Physical States Using Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Sun Penghui , Wang Jiajia , Dong Zhilin
Published: May 2023

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is nondestructive, fast, and straightforward. Recently, a growing number of pasta companies have been using IR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics to quickly determine sample parameters. However, fewer models have used deep learning models to classify cooked wheat food products and even fewer have used deep learning models to classify Italian pasta. To solve these problems, an improved CNN–LSTM neural network is proposed to identify pasta in different physical states (frozen vs. thawed) using IR spectroscopy. A one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) were constructed to extract the local abstraction and sequence position information from the spectra, respectively. The results showed that the accuracy of the CNN–LSTM model reached 100% after using principal component analysis (PCA) on the Italian pasta spectral data in the thawed state and 99.44% after using PCA on the Italian pasta spectral data in the frozen form, verifying that the method has high analytical accuracy and generalization. Therefore, the CNN–LSTM neural network combined with IR spectroscopy helps to identify different pasta products.
Detecting Unique Analyte-Specific Radio Frequency Spectral Responses in Liquid Solutions—Implications for Non-Invasive Physiologic Monitoring
Authors: Klyve Dominic , Anderson James H. , Lorentz George , Somers Virend K.
Published: May 2023

With rising healthcare costs and the rapid increase in remote physiologic monitoring and care delivery, there is an increasing need for economical, accurate, and non-invasive continuous measures of blood analytes. Based on radio frequency identification (RFID), a novel electromagnetic technology (the Bio-RFID sensor) was developed to non-invasively penetrate inanimate surfaces, capture data from individual radio frequencies, and convert those data into physiologically meaningful information and insights. Here, we describe groundbreaking proof-of-principle studies using Bio-RFID to accurately measure various concentrations of analytes in deionized water. In particular, we tested the hypothesis that the Bio-RFID sensor is able to precisely and non-invasively measure and identify a variety of analytes in vitro. For this assessment, varying solutions of (1) water in isopropyl alcohol; (2) salt in water, and (3) commercial bleach in water were tested, using a randomized double-blind trial design, as proxies for biochemical solutions in general. The Bio-RFID technology was able to detect concentrations of 2000 parts per million (ppm), with evidence suggesting the ability to detect considerably smaller concentration differences.
An Energy-Efficient Flexible Multi-Modal Wireless Sweat Sensing System Based on Laser Induced Graphene
Authors: Feng Jiuqing , Jiang Yizhou , Wang Kai , Li Jianzheng , Zhang Jialong , Tian Mi , Chen Guoping , Hu Laigui , Zhan Yiqiang , Qin Yajie
Published: May 2023

Real-time sweat monitoring is vital for athletes in order to reflect their physical conditions, quantify their exercise loads, and evaluate their training results. Therefore, a multi-modal sweat sensing system with a patch-relay-host topology was developed, which consisted of a wireless sensor patch, a wireless data relay, and a host controller. The wireless sensor patch can monitor the lactate, glucose, K+, and Na+ concentrations in real-time. The data is forwarded via a wireless data relay through Near Field Communication (NFC) and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology and it is finally available on the host controller. Meanwhile, existing enzyme sensors in sweat-based wearable sports monitoring systems have limited sensitivities. To improve their sensitivities, this paper proposes a dual enzyme sensing optimization strategy and demonstrates Laser-Induced Graphene (LIG)-based sweat sensors decorated with Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT). Manufacturing an entire LIG array takes less than one minute and costs about 0.11 yuan in materials, making it suitable for mass production. The in vitro test result showed sensitivities of 0.53 μA/mM and 3.9 μA/mM for lactate and glucose sensing, and 32.5 mV/decade and 33.2 mV/decade for K+ and Na+ sensing, respectively. To demonstrate the ability to characterize personal physical fitness, an ex vivo sweat analysis test was also performed. Overall, the high-sensitivity lactate enzyme sensor based on SWCNT/LIG can meet the requirements of sweat-based wearable sports monitoring systems.
Faulty Feeder Detection Based on Grey Correlation Degree of Adaptive Frequency Band in Resonant Grounding Distribution System
Authors: Wang Yanwen , Cao Jiyuan , Hu Zhiming , Han Xueqian , Zhou Xuan
Published: May 2023

Due to the particularity of their process, petrochemical enterprises have high requirements for the reliability of power supply. If a large-scale blackout occurs due to a grounding fault, it will pose a huge threat to safe production. When the resonant grounding system of petrochemical enterprises faults, due to the complex fault process and weak fault signal, it is difficult to accurately detect the faulty feeder by traditional methods. This paper presents a new method of grey correlation degree based on adaptive frequency band. Firstly, the transient zero-sequence current of each feeder is decomposed by coif5 wavelet, and the low frequency band a5 (power frequency component) and high frequency band d1, d2 (noise signal) are removed. By stacking all of the remaining frequency band signals to construct the wavelet area matrix, the faulty feeder detection characteristic scale and the first faulty feeder detection result are obtained. Secondly, based on the faulty feeder detection characteristic scale, the second faulty feeder detection result is obtained by the average grey correlation degree matrix, which detects the faulty feeder according to the waveform correlation degree. Finally, the final faulty feeder detection result is obtained by equal weight voting. In MATLAB/Simulink, the 10 kV resonant grounding system of petrochemical enterprises is modeled. A large number of simulation results show that the faulty feeder detection method is not affected by the initial phase angle (0°, 45° and 90°), transition resistance (10 Ω, 100 Ω and 1000 Ω), fault distance (1 km, 8 km and 15 km) and overcompensation degree (5%, 8% and 10%), and has good sensitivity.
The Missing Relationship between the Miscibility of Chiral Dopants and the Microscopic Dynamics of Solvent Liquid Crystals: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Watanabe Go , Yamazaki Akane , Yoshida Jun
Published: May 2023

Nematic liquid crystals (LCs) are known to undergo a phase transition to chiral nematic LCs possessing helices upon doping with enantiomeric molecules known as chiral dopants. The relationship between the helical pitch (p), the molar fraction (x), and the power of the chiral dopant to induce a helix in a nematic solvent (βM) is expressed as p=1/(x·βM). The helical pitch is easily controlled by the concentration of the chiral dopant when the dopant molecule is miscible with the host nematic LC. However, it has not yet been clarified what the miscibility of the chiral dopant molecules with the nematic LCs depends. Therefore, we performed all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for the system composed of both Δ and Λ isomers of a chiral dopant molecule dispersed in a nematic LC and investigated the relationship between the microdynamics of the chiral molecules and their miscibility with the nematic solvent. The miscibility of the chiral dopant molecules with the LC solvent was found to correlate with the diffusion coefficient of the LC solvent. In the system where the chiral dopant molecules with high miscibility were added, the diffusion coefficient of the LC solvents was comparable to that of the system in which the chiral molecule was not doped. Furthermore, it was confirmed that more elongated chiral dopants were more miscible with the nematic solvent consisting of calamitic molecules, and that these dopant molecules did not have a significant effect on the diffusion behavior of the LC molecules.
Transdermal Nicotine Poisoning: A Rare Case Report of Occupational Exposure
Authors: Becam Jenny , Martin Edouard , Pouradier Gildas , Doudka Natalia , Solas Caroline , Guilhaumou Romain , Fabresse Nicolas
Published: May 2023

We report a case of accidental nicotine intoxication following transdermal exposure in a 22-year-old man with no medical history, who worked in a company manufacturing e-liquids for electronic cigarettes. He accidentally spilled 300 mL of pure nicotine solution (>99%) on his right leg without wearing protective clothing or a mask. Less than a minute later, he experienced dizziness, nausea, and headaches, followed by painful burning sensations in the affected area. He immediately removed his pants and washed his leg thoroughly with water. He presented to the emergency department two hours later, where he exhibited a respiratory rate of 25 cpm, a heart rate of 70 bpm, headaches, abdominal pain, pallor, and vomiting. He recovered without specific treatment five hours post-intoxication. Plasma levels of nicotine, cotinine, and hydroxycotinine were measured five hours after exposure using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The concentrations found were 447 ng/mL for nicotine, 1254 ng/mL for cotinine, and 197 ng/mL for hydroxycotinine. Nicotine is an alkaloid that can be highly toxic, with doses of 30–60 mg being potentially fatal. Transdermal intoxication is rare, with very few cases reported in the literature. This case highlights the risk of acute intoxication through cutaneous exposure to nicotine-containing liquid products and the need for protective clothing when handling such products in a professional context.
Improved Performance of the QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2 Assay with the Extended Set
Authors: Lamara Mahammed Lydia , Bensaid Kahina , Ait-Seddik Sarah , Larinouna Amel , Brahimi Ghania , Belkaid Rosa , Hamzaoui Ouassila , Rouaki Soumia Meriem , Idder Cherifa , Allam Ines , Djidjik Reda
Published: May 2023

Multiple assays have been developed for the characterization of the functional activation of SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells. This study was conducted to assess the post-vaccination and post-infection T cell response, as detected by the QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2 assay using the combination of three SARS-CoV-2 specific antigens (Ag1, Ag2 and Ag3). An amount of 75 participants with different infection and vaccination backgrounds were recruited for the evaluation of humoral and cellular immune responses. An elevated IFN-γ response in at least one Ag tube was observed in 69.2% of convalescent subjects and 63.9% of vaccinated ones. Interestingly, in a healthy unvaccinated case and three convalescents with negative IgG-RBD, we detected a positive QuantiFERON test after stimulation with Ag3. The majority of the T cell responders reacted simultaneously to the three SARS-CoV-2 specific antigens, and Ag3 demonstrated the highest rate of reactivity. At univariable analysis, the only factor that was associated with an absence of a cellular response was time from blood collection, being less than 30 days (OR:3.5, CI95% [1.15–10.50], p = 0.028). Overall, the inclusion of Ag3 improved the performance of the QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2 and showed a particular interest among subjects who fail to achieve a measurable antibody response after infection or vaccination.
Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Modulates p90 Ribosomal S6 Kinase 2 by ERK to Promote Growth of Hepatoma Cells
Authors: Han Ning , Zhang Qingbo , Tang Xiaoqiong , Bai Lang , Yan Libo , Tang Hong
Published: May 2023

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide that poses a significant threat to human health. The multifunctional regulator known as Hepatitis B virus X-protein (HBx) interacts with host factors, modulating gene transcription and signaling pathways and contributing to hepatocellular carcinogenesis. The p90 ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2) is a member of the 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase family involved in various intracellular processes and cancer pathogenesis. At present, the role and mechanism of RSK2 in the development of HBx-induced HCC are not yet clear. In this study, we found that HBx upregulates the expression of RSK2 in HBV-HCC tissues, HepG2, and SMMC-7721 cells. We further observed that reducing the expression of RSK2 inhibited HCC cell proliferation. In HCC cell lines with stable HBx expression, RSK2 knockdown impaired the ability of HBx to promote cell proliferation. The extracellularly regulated protein kinases (ERK) 1/2 signaling pathway, rather than the p38 signaling pathway, mediated HBx-induced upregulation of RSK2 expression. Additionally, RSK2 and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) were highly expressed and positively correlated in HBV-HCC tissues and associated with tumor size. This study showed that HBx upregulates the expression of RSK2 and CREB by activating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, promoting the proliferation of HCC cells. Furthermore, we identified RSK2 and CREB as potential prognostic markers for HCC patients.
Forms and Functions of Indonesian-English Code Switching: A Case Study of Elites in Makassar City
Authors: Hanafiah Wa Ode
Published: May 2023

The phenomenon of code switching is one of the many social contexts that can help any interaction with the transition from one language to another. The aims of this research are to find out the general patterns of linguistic configuration and socio-pragmatic functions of Indonesian-English code switching. This research used descriptive qualitative and quantitative and the data were collected from 40 elites of different professions in four different types of interactions; seminars, meetings, dialogues on TV, and chitchats employing a direct observation technique including recording and jotting down, and questionnaires. The result of this research is demonstrated that code switching is a crucial phenomenon for a multilingual society. It plays a significant role in governing the social interaction of the community because it has a very wide spectrum of socio-pragmatic implication which significantly contribute to the lives of man whether as an individual being or as a social one
A Stylistic Study of Subjugation in Quranic Texts
Authors: Al-Ameedi Riyad Tariq Kadhim , Al-Tamimi Aseel Kareem Mohammed
Published: May 2023

This is a study of finding the term ‘subjugation’ in Qur’anic texts, which explores the possibility of looking differently to the concept of subjugation in holding some components between the varieties of some Suras that are usually encountered in the Qur’anic texts. It adopts some stylistic techniques from Leech and Short (2007) categorization of figures of speech and Athens (2015) components of subjugation are utilized for the analysis of the data under study. The main aim of this paper is to show how people subjugate to Allah’s message based on force, domination, power and intimidation to control over them and to do what they are told. God intimidates people to worship Him for the purpose of making them feel safety in their life and in the Last Day (Judgment Day). This research used descriptive qualitative method. This paper attempts to identify the stylistic aspects of subjugation in certain Qur’anic texts, study aims at identifying the most common stylistic devices employed in using subjugation, showing the most frequent components of subjugation utilized in such texts and identifying the most frequently types of stylistics. It hypotheses that parallelism, metaphor, rhyme, emphasis and synonymia are more frequently used in Quranic texts, force and domination are the most frequently components employed, and phono-stylistics is the most frequently type of stylistics utilized in Quranic texts.
Recipes for the Derivation of Water Quality Parameters Using the High-Spatial-Resolution Data from Sensors on Board Sentinel-2A, Sentinel-2B, Landsat-5, Landsat-7, Landsat-8, and Landsat-9 Satellites
Authors: Tavora Juliana , Jiang Binbin , Kiffney Thomas , Bourdin Guillaume , Gray Patrick Clifton , Carvalho Lino Sander , Hesketh Gabriel , Schild Kristin M. , Souza Luiz Faria , Brady Damian C. , Boss Emmanuel
Published: May 2023

Satellites have provided high-resolution (
<
100 m) water color (i.e., remote sensing reflectance) and thermal emission imagery of aquatic environments since the early 1980s; however, global operational water quality products based on these data are not readily available (e.g., temperature, chlorophyll-
a
, turbidity, and suspended particle matter). Currently, because of the postprocessing required, only users with expressive experience can exploit these data, limiting their utility. Here, we provide paths (recipes) for the nonspecialist to access and derive water quality products, along with examples of applications, from sensors on board Landsat-5, Landsat-7, Landsat-8, Landsat-9, Sentinel-2A, and Sentinel-2B. We emphasize that the only assured metric for success in product derivation and the assigning of uncertainties to them is via validation with in situ data. We hope that this contribution will motivate nonspecialists to use publicly available high-resolution satellite data to study new processes and monitor a variety of novel environments that have received little attention to date.
SOMA ITERADA DE ALGARISMOS DE RACIONAIS E NÚMEROS PRIMOS
Authors: Gardel Élis
Published: May 2023

Neste trabalho, estudamos as funções soma e soma iterada de algarismos estendidas ao conjunto dos números racionais com representação decimal finita e infinita. Mais especificamente, investigamos a soma de algarismos das partes periódicas de números racionais dos tipos k/q, k/(pq^n), k/q^n, em que p e q são números primos maiores que 5, k um inteiro positivo que satisfaz certas condições e n um inteiro não negativo. Quando x é uma dízima periódica de um dos tipos acima, definimos rho(x) como o número inteiro cujos dígitos são iguais aos algarismos do período de x. Feito isto, provamos que a soma iterada de algarismos de rho(x) é constante e igual a 9, o que amplia, neste sentido, o resultado principal em (Gray, 2000). Na sequência, mostramos que a soma iterada de racionais com representação finita das formas rho(x)/2^n e rho(x)/5^n são também constantes e iguais a 9, qualquer que seja o inteiro positivo n. Quando lidamos com frações em que o denominador é um primo menor ou igual a 5, fazemos algumas conjecturas sobre o comportamento da soma iterada de 1/2^n, 1/3^n e 1/5^n, para qualquer n inteiro positivo.
Effect of Germination on Antioxidant Activity of Peanut Sprouts (Arachis Hypogaea)
Authors: Hayuningtyas Afwa , Putri Suci Eka , Rinawati Rinawati , Khairunnas Khairunnas , Marniati Marniati
Published: May 2023

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are plant-based foods that are abundantly available in Indonesia which also have high economic value and are an essential source of protein for many people. In Aceh, peanuts are one of the leading commodities, especially in the districts of Pidie, West Aceh, Aceh Jaya, Nagan Raya, Southwest Aceh and South Aceh. Apart from being rich in protein, it also contains fibre, antioxidants, and other good health components. During germination, proteins, starches, and lipids are metabolised by enzymes. These components are used as building blocks for growth and as a source of energy for respiration. Germination has the advantage of increasing several levels of nutrients, eliminating oligosaccharides that cause flatulence, and increasing several types of vitamins. Previous research reported that soybean germination significantly increased isoflavone levels and antioxidant activity of fresh tempeh flour produced. In this study, the antioxidant activity of peanut sprouts was identified using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazine-hydrate) radical scavenging method in three different germination times. The result shows that the most optimal percentage of antioxidant activity is the 48-hour treatment (88.24%). It also shows that the germination treatment can increase the per cent of antioxidant activity compared to peanuts without germination.
Literature Review: The Effectiveness of Electronic Medical Records (RME) On Hospital Service Quality
Authors: Indira Zahrasita Nur , Widodo Aris Puji , Agushybana Farid
Published: May 2023

Health Information System is a systematic way of managing information at all levels of government to provide healthcare services to the community. In providing services to the community, the health information system is a systemic management of information at all levels of government. Every healthcare facility in Indonesia must maintain electronic medical records based on Permenkes No. 24/2022. This shows that the role of Health Information Systems is needed in a health system. However, using electronic medical records (EMR) in Indonesian healthcare facilities must be uniformly and sufficiently implemented, so it cannot provide accurate and timely data. This study aims to assess the implementation of EMR in Indonesian hospitals. This study used the literature review method by reviewing 15 journal articles published between 2016 and 2022, retrieved through Google Scholar. The results showed that several hospitals in Indonesia had implemented EMR; some hospitals have effectively implemented it and benefit from the implementation of EMR, such as improving the efficiency of time and effort in providing health services to patients. Patients also receive better medical care. The study findings aim to encourage all healthcare facilities to optimize the use of EMR to enhance healthcare services.
Exploring the Relationship Between Immunization and Stunting: Understanding the Impact of Vaccinations on Child Growth and Development
Authors: Mulyani Itza , Khairunnas Khairunnas , Ayunda Hanif Muchdatul , Syafiq Ahmad , Ahmad Aripin , Muliadi Teuku
Published: May 2023

The study aimed to investigate the relationship between stunting and completeness of immunization among children under five years old in Indonesia. The study used a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach, utilizing secondary data from the Indonesian Family Life Study (IFLS) V big data in 2014. The sample consisted of children aged 12-59 months from 13 provinces in Indonesia, representing 83% of the total population. Data were analyzed using SPSS and STATA programs. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the association between immunization status and stunting. The results showed a significant statistical relationship (p-value <0.05) between immunization status and stunting occurrence among children aged 12-59 months in Indonesia, with a p-value of 0.001 and a PR value of 1.2 (95% CI: 1.14-1.6). Children who receive incomplete immunization have a 1.2 times greater risk of stunting compared to those who receive complete immunization. The study concluded that completeness of immunization is associated with stunting among children under five years old in Indonesia. Therefore, it is essential to ensure complete immunization coverage to prevent stunting in this population.