bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Verification of the MLP network-based current sensor fault classifier for vector-controlled AC motor drives
Authors: Teler Krystian , Skowron Maciej , Orłowska-Kowalska Teresa
Published: April 2024

In modern drive systems, the aim is to ensure their operational safety. Damage can occur not only to the components of the motor itself but also to the power electronic devices included in the frequency converter and the sensors in the measurement circuit. Critical damage to the electric drive that makes its further exploitation impossible can be prevented by using fault-tolerant control (FTC) algorithms. These algorithms are very often combined with diagnostic methods that assess the degree and type of damage. In this paper, a fault classification algorithm using an artificial neural network (ANN) is analysed for stator phase current sensors in AC motor drives. The authors confirm that the investigated classification algorithm works equally well on two different AC motors without the need for significant modifications, such as retraining the neural network when transferring the algorithm to another object. The method uses a stator current estimator to replace faulty sensor measurements in a vector control structure. The measured and estimated currents are then subjected to a classification process using a multilayer perceptron (MLP), which has the advantage of a small structure size compared to deep learning structures. The uniqueness of the method lies in the use of data in the training set that are not dependent on the parameters of a specific motor. Four types of current sensor faults were studied, namely total signal loss, gain error, offset, and signal saturation. Simulations were performed in a MATLAB/SIMULINK environment for drive systems with an induction motor (IM) and a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The results show that the algorithm correctly evaluates the type of damage in more than 99.6% of cases regardless of the type of motor. Therefore, the results presented here may help to develop universal diagnostic methods that will work on a wide variety of motors.
Impact of chemical weed management in sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris) on productivity, quality and economics
Authors: Grzanka Monika , Sobiech Łukasz , Idziak Robert , Filipczak Arkadiusz , Skrzypczak Grzegorz
Published: April 2024

Weeds in sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris L.) can contribute to a significant reduction in the root yield. The species composition of these plants is an important factor influencing the competition with crops. The aim of the 2-year field experiment with mixtures of: phenmedipham + ethofumesate + metamitron + quinmerac; ethofumesate + metamitron + metamitron + + quinmerac + triflusulfuron-methyl; phenmedipham + ethofumesate + metamitron + + quinmerac + triflusulfuron-methyl + clopyralid + lenacil, and phenmedipham + ethofumesate + metamitron + quinmerac + triflusulfuron-methyl + clopyralid applied in split doses, microdoses and Conviso Smart technology was to determine the weed species community composition and effectiveness of weed control strategies. The most common species occurring in both years were: Chenopodium album L., Fallopia convolvulus L., and Geranium pusillum L. The communities had the highest values of biodiversity indices in 2020 and lower values in 2021. There were no statistically significant differences in the herbicidal effectiveness of the tested herbicidal technologies over both years of research and for individual main weed species – 95–99%. The use of all herbicide variants contributed to achieving significantly higher yields than untreated treatments, and contributed to an increase in profitability of cultivation, but this result depended on the selected strategy. The presented herbicide solutions were characterized by direct income at a similar level.
Using building information modelling to optimise design quality of natural lighting in Iraqi school buildings
Authors: Al-Rudainy Ahmed Saad Ali , Mahjoob Ahmed Mohammed Raoof
Published: April 2024

One of the most important aspects directly affecting a building’s performance is the design quality of the natural day-lighting. The present research evaluates the effectiveness of daylight in school buildings in the city of Baghdad. It aims to ascertain how the characteristics of building windows affect the quality of day-lighting, the objective of this exercise being to improve educational processes in schools by making improvements in relation to the aspect of provision of satisfactory day-lighting levels. A building simulation approach was adopted, and using Autodesk Revit 2018 (Insight plug-in), a daylight analysis was conducted under the aegis of the Building Information Modelling (BIM) technology. For the case study, we selected the modern design of a 24-classrooms school building, which is part of a plan for the construction of 1,000 Iraqi schools. Leadership in Environmental and Energy Design (LEED v4) simulation was conducted on the school building design to provide the results, which were measured and analysed according to LEED v4 standards. The results demonstrated that opening dimensions and direction have an essential impact on natural day-lighting. The research concluded that using BIM simulation tools enhances the design quality of the natural lighting in such a way that compliance with LEED v4 requirements is achieved. The present study will assist in identification and assessment of the problems concerned with natural lighting levels in Iraqi school buildings as well as resolving these at an early design stage.
Conceptual Model of The Role of Territorial Management Controller and Good Governance
Authors: Kezazy Hamza el , Hilmi Yassine , Ezzahra Essahli Fatima , Hocine Ibn Ziyat Haj
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This literature review aims to explore the intersection of management control and good governance at the local level, specifically within territorial authorities. The central purpose is to understand how management control can act as a strategic tool to enhance transparency, efficiency, and accountability in local governance.
 
Method/design/approach: Methodologically, the review involves a comprehensive exploration of academic databases to identify relevant articles, theses, and books on the subject. The synthesis of findings encompasses historical perspectives, theoretical frameworks, and empirical studies, providing a holistic overview of the complex relationship between management control and local governance.
 
Results and conclusion: The review synthesizes findings that reveal the multifaceted nature of good governance, the historical evolution of governance concepts, and the intricate link between management control and organizational strategy. It highlights the various responsibilities of territorial management controllers, encompassing decision support, education, and mediation functions.
 
Research implications: The review suggests future research directions and underscores the practical importance of adapting private sector tools to the public sector while considering the specificities of territorial governance. Socially, effective management control practices are seen as potential enhancers of citizen satisfaction, transparency, and accountability in local governance.
 
Originality/value: The originality and value of the literature review lie in its comprehensive exploration of historical governance evolution, the conceptualization of good governance, and the integration of management control into the public sector. It provides a rich framework for studying their interaction in territorial communities, offering insights that can inform both research and practical applications in local governance.
Consumer Behavior on Healthy Food in Covid-19: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Anh Nguyen Thi Mai , Dung Nguyen Thi Phuong , Nguyen Thanh Tung , Nguyen Thanh Hue
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This article analyzes the factors influencing consumers' behavior toward healthy food during the COVID-19 period in Vietnam.
 
Design/methodology/approach: Healthy food is increasingly crucial in customers' awareness and purchasing behavior.  During the COVID-19 crisis, people were more aware of maintaining good health. The study assessed people's shopping behavior, specifically the decision to purchase healthy food during the COVID-19 period. The study was conducted with 368 consumers who regularly purchase healthy foods online and offline in Hanoi, Vietnam.
 
Findings: The findings reveal that ease of purchase, fear of COVID-19, and purchasing experience positively impact customers' purchase decisions; meanwhile, the overall risk negatively impacts customers' purchase decisions in Hanoi.
 
Research, Practical & Social Implications: From these results, the retailers and companies can propose sales and marketing plans to expand the market for retail supermarkets, healthy food stores, and restaurants to those who use healthy food after any severe pandemic in the future.
 
Originality/value: There is a shortage of research on healthy food during COVID-19 in emerging countries like Vietnam. This is expected to shift consumer preferences dramatically during the pandemic. People consider more healthy food because of hectic lifestyles and to reduce pandemic effects. Therefore, this research sheds light on customers' purchase decisions on healthy food and the significant factors affecting the purchase decisions under COVID-19 in Vietnam.
Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Intention of Higher Diploma Students in Hanoi-Vietnam
Authors: Anh Nguyen Thi Mai , Giang Nguyen Hoang , Hoa Nguyen Thi Xuan
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing the entrepreneurial intention (EI) of Higher Diploma (HD) students in Hanoi, Vietnam, addressing a notable gap in the literature regarding this specific demographic.
 
Design/methodology/approach: Surveys were conducted using both web-based platforms, such as Google Forms, and distributed questionnaires. In total, 411 valid responses from HD students in Hanoi were collected. A convenient sampling method is utilized, considering the distribution of students across various demographic variables to ensure the reliability and representativeness of the study. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was employed. Multiple regression in SPSS is used to analyze the collected data.
 
Results and discussions: The analysis results unveiled that all scrutinized factors, including Attitude Toward Behavior, Perceived Behavioral Control, Subjective Norm, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, Closer Valuation, and Social Valuation, exerted a positive and substantial influence on HD students' Entrepreneurial Intention (EI). Notably, the six factors collectively accounted for 40.6% of the variance in entrepreneurial intention observed among the respondents.
 
Research Implications: The findings hold valuable implications for policymakers, educators, and stakeholders, guiding the development of targeted interventions aimed at fostering entrepreneurship among HD students. By leveraging these insights, they can design tailored initiatives to promote entrepreneurship, potentially leading to enhanced economic development in Vietnam.
 
Originality/Value: The findings provide valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and stakeholders involved in entrepreneurship education and support programs, helping them tailor interventions to effectively cultivate an entrepreneurial mindset among HD students. Furthermore, the study adds to the broader understanding of the psychological and social factors that shape entrepreneurial intentions, contributing to the advancement of knowledge in the field of entrepreneurship research.
Analysis of Contact Thermal Resistance and the Use of Coatings on Heat Transfer in Cemented Carbide Metal Cutting Tools
Authors: Brito Rogério Fernandes , Teixeira Ricardo Luiz Perez , Siqueira Antonio Marcos de Oliveira , Lacerda José Carlos de , Fetuga Ibrahim Ademola , Abderrahmane Khechekhouche , Campos Julio Cesar Costa
Published: April 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the thermal behavior of coated cutting tools in industrial turning processes, aiming to enhance machining efficiency and prolong tool lifespan.
 
Theoretical Framework: The study is grounded in the concepts of heat transfer, thermally insulating coatings, and their impact on cutting tool performance. Key theories and models include thermal conductivity, thermal insulation, and heat dissipation mechanisms.
 
Methodology: The research employs numerical simulation using the COMSOL® Multiphysics package to model transient heat transfer within coated tools and their holders. Thermal contact resistance at the tool-holder interface is also considered. Two coating configurations (Model 1 and Model 2) with different materials are analyzed, resulting in six simulation scenarios.
 
Results and Discussion: The simulations demonstrate significant temperature reductions in the coated tools compared to uncoated ones, with Model 2 showing the most substantial decrease. These findings indicate the effectiveness of thermally insulating coatings in mitigating heat generation and improving tool performance.
 
Research Implications: The study's findings have practical implications for the manufacturing industry, suggesting that the use of specific coatings can lead to higher cutting velocities and prolonged tool lifespan. These insights can inform decision-making in tool selection and process optimization.
 
Originality/Value: This research contributes to the literature by providing a detailed analysis of the thermal behavior of coated cutting tools under extreme temperatures. The study's innovative approach and practical implications offer valuable insights for improving machining processes and tool performance.
Evaluation of the Socioeconomic Impacts of the Production of Carob Pod Derivatives in Two Rural Communities in Peru
Authors: Blanco-Jimenez Katicza Yllanely , Montalvan-Meza Mary Elena , Esparza-Huamanchumo Rosse , Romo-Roman Pablo César , Mougenot Benoit
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This research analyzes the impact of carob pod processing on the economic, social and environmental conditions of communities in Piura and Lambayeque, Peru.
 
Method/design/approach: The study focused on products derived from carob trees, particularly algarrobina, and the Total Economic Value theory based on the Market Price Method was used to evaluate the economic and social conditions.
 
Results and conclusion: The study found that the production of algarrobina provides an annual economic benefit in monetary units of S/ 31,881.24 (Thirty-one thousand eight hundred eighty-one and 24/100 nuevos soles) in the producers studied. In economic terms. In social terms, the study found that the community obtains in monetary units a social benefit of S/ 32,029.18 (Thirty-two thousand and twenty-nine and 18/100 nuevos soles). The income generated by algarrobina production provides families with access to basic services such as education and health care. In environmental terms, the study found that carob syrup production also has a positive impact on the environment, but this impact is only partially due to permanent deforestation. The carob tree is a native species that grows in arid and semi-arid areas, and its cultivation does not require large amounts of water, but nevertheless showed changes in their fruits, the quantities produced are much lower than in previous years and with respect to their characteristics the quality of this shows a sharp reduction in size and thickness.
 
Research implications: The results highlights that algarrobina production also fosters community participation and strengthens social ties, generating a positive impact on the quality of life of the communities.
 
Original value: Algarrobina production generates income for producers and traders, which in turn contributes to the economic development of the communities. In addition, the study found that algarrobina production also has a positive impact on employment, as labor is required to harvest and process the carob tree.
BENEFÍCIOS E DIFICULDADES DE IMPLANTAÇÃO DA NBR ISO 14001 EM ORGANIZAÇÕES DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Martins Valeska , Moura Natália Wondracek
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Este estudo analisou o processo de implantação da NBR ISO 14001 em empresas certificadas, buscando subsídios para auxiliar outras empresas interessadas em implantar esse sistema.
Referencial teórico: A norma ABNT NBR ISO 14001:2015 objetiva a proteção do meio ambiente, fornecendo as empresas e organizações procedimentos para que aliem as necessidades sociais a proteção ambiental. A ISO 14001:2015 foi organizada em onze cláusulas, sendo quatro cláusulas introdutórias (0 a 3) e sete cláusulas específicas (4 a 10). Nela, estão descritos os processos e ferramentas para gerenciar as questões ambientais em qualquer tipo de organização.
Método: Foram identificadas 22 empresas no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul que apresentavam sistema de gestão ambiental certificado na ISO 14001 em status ativo. Foi encaminhado, via e-mail, um arquivo de apresentação e um link para um questionário, elaborado via Google Forms®. A maioria das empresas vem buscando a certificação na ISO 14001, motivadas pela sua melhor colocação no mercado. No entanto, como o processo é dispendioso, propõe-se recomendações que as orientem na implantação da norma.
Resultados e conclusão: Das 22 empresas identificadas, apenas seis responderam ao questionário. Em relação ao porte, pode-se verificar que 66,7% das empresas possuem mais de mil funcionários, sendo que 80% buscou a implantação da norma para uma melhor colocação no mercado. As seções da norma citadas com maior demanda de tempo e recursos para adequação foram as seções 6: Planejamento, 8: Operação, 9: Avaliação de desempenho e 10: Melhoria. Entre os benefícios foram citados a gestão dos aspectos e impactos ambientais, a gestão dos requisitos, melhor desempenho ambiental e melhor posicionamento perante o mercado.
Implicações da pesquisa: A partir deste estudo, empresas interessadas em implantar o Sistema de Gestão Ambiental, conforme a NBR ISO 14001/ 2015, poderão identificar os pontos críticos e obterem acesso a orientações e recomendações de empresas já certificadas, facilitando o processo de implantação.
Originalidade/valor: Identificação dos principais benefícios e dificuldades encontradas pelas empresas certificadas no Rio Grande do Sul, auxiliando outras empresas em sua implantação.
Strengthening Generic Skills in Undergraduate Students in Physical Education. Perception of University Professors
Authors: Bernate Jayson Andrey , Salamanca Henry Alexander Babativa , Roa Pedro Nel Urrea , Celis Mauro Freddy Garcia , Franco Ingrid Patricia Fonseca
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposal for strengthening generic and specific competencies, which are evaluated in the Saber Pro tests in students of the Bachelor's program in Physical Education at a Colombian university, through the perception of participating teachers. said proposal.
 
Methodology: A qualitative methodology was implemented, with the purpose of trying to understand the reality and behaviors of individuals who belong to a certain social context (Vílchez, 2022), in addition to understanding and identifying various characteristics associated with the qualities and descriptions of a social phenomenon without resorting to the collection of specific numerical data (Morenos, 2021).
 
Results and Conclusions: They indicate the development of innovative teaching strategies in academic spaces in order to strengthen competencies. Likewise, it demonstrates the viability of the proposal in relation to the teaching strategies that make a theoretical and practical approach, since they adjust to the focus and thematic contents of the subjects, therefore, they facilitate the assimilation and appropriation of the knowledge that requires a future graduate, thus concluding the need to incorporate innovative tools that promote the appropriation of knowledge to train better professionals in the area of Physical Education.
 
Implications: This research provides implications for educational and government policy to continue to strengthen standardized testing policies in higher education.
 
Originality/value: This research offers novelty by glimpsing the impact of the formation of the pedagogical model in higher education.
An Improved Interference Mitigation Scheme for Femtocell Networks
Authors: Adekunle Adeyelu  , Ijeoma Godwin  , Samera Otor  , Ademoh Isah  , Oyeyemi Elusakin  , Zakka John
Published: April 2024

Femtocell networks have gained significant attention in recent years due to their ability to improve indoor wireless coverage and capacity. However, they are susceptible to interference from neighboring cells, which significantly degrade their performance and quality of service to the end-user. The study introduced an adaptive power control technique that causes the power level of the femtocell base station to adjust dynamically to reduce the interference caused by adjacent femtocell networks, thereby adjusting the system bandwidth, carrier frequency, path loss and femtocell Base Station (BS) transmission power based on the request made by the users. The interference mitigation scheme was optimized by tuning the parameters of the power control algorithm, such as the transmit power levels and the interference thresholds. The algorithm was simulated with MATLAB simulation tools. Throughput, Signal to Interference Noise Ratio (SINR), coverage enhancement and user satisfaction were used as measurement metrics for the model using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the average performance obtained for the throughput increased by 25.88% from 3.40 X 1010 (bps) to 4.28 X 1010 (bps), and the SINR increased by 35.29% from 1.70 X 109 dB to 2.30 X109 dB for the benchmarked power control and improved power control techniques respectively. Coverage enhancement and user satisfaction were nearly 0, which indicates that the technique was of average performance. This study concluded that the new scheme enhances wider coverage to reach more users and mitigate interference while maintaining a higher level of femtocell user satisfaction.
Governance Dialogue through Forms of Political System
Authors: Joseph Mabor James Marial
Published: April 2024

Governance is the processes and practices in which issues of concern are decided upon and regulated. It is important to understand and address the problems of political administration through well-known approaches to the concept of governance, such as corporate governance, global governance, good governance and modern governance. Ensuring the needs and expectations of the common citizen are given due regard. Understanding the relationship between fiscal and political decentralization and its forms is must. When centralization becomes a monopoly, it gives a second thought in searching for other Political systems, i.e. federalism, where a federal constitution is considered as a constitutional arrangement --- when the powers of government are distributed between the central and component units. The best examples are the federal systems of larger political entities of the U.S. federal government and the disaggregated federation of Nigeria. Some democratic institutions always tried to fund decentralized governments under the abled and literate civil society for the success of anti-poverty measures, whereas Federalism encourages unity in diversity and is a very potent instrument for national integration in plural societies like the USA, China and India. It only becomes fragile when politicians mobilize support along ethnic lines, as in the case of newly formed countries.
The Influence of Work Experience and Audit Expertise on Audit Quality in the Public Sector: The Moderating Effect of Professional Qualification
Authors: Amofa-Sarpong, Kwabena  , Dr. Tornyeva Kingsley
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study analyses the degree to which audit experience and expertise affect audit quality through the moderating effect of Professional Qualification.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used a survey research design from a sample of about 400 audit staff of the Ghana Audit Service.

A conceptual framework was developed by adopting the framework for Audit Quality (2014) instituted by the International Auditing and Assurance Board (IAASB) and tested using PLS-SEM method of analysis.

Findings: The study found that in the Public Sector, both audit expertise and experience influence audit quality.

Furthermore, it was also established that professional qualification did not moderate the relationships between work experience, audit expertise and audit quality.

Professional qualification in audit quality was also found to be significant in the study.

Implications/Research Limitation: The results of the study extend and add to the growing empirical research studies on audit expertise, work experience, and audit quality, as well as in the area of public sector auditing. However, the study was limited to only public sector auditors working with Ghana's Supreme Audit Institution (SAI), the Audit Service.

Practical Implication: The study results have the prospect of encouraging top management to intensify the need to consciously institute and implement strategies that incorporate people with the requisite audit expertise and experience into the public sector to maximise and enhance audit quality.

Originality/Value: This study is the first from a public sector perspective that directly examines how audit quality is influenced by audit expertise and experience and how professional qualification moderates this effect.

Nonetheless, this research is distinct from other empirical studies on the basis of the method used and the context of the study.
Enhancing Channel Performance: The Moderating Effect of Soft Skills Training Programs in the Relationship Marketing Context for MLM Sales Leaders in Malaysia
Authors: Loo Yew Liang
Published: April 2024

Multi-level Marketing (MLM) business revolves largely around people due to its business concept connecting large groups of downlines' network business activities. In MLM industry, people costs are much higher than capital costs. This people-based business requires the influence of relationship marketing, which requires the initiative of showing trust and commitment between MLM sales leaders and their downlines to ensure long-term cooperation. This study intends to understand the consequences of relationship marketing amongst MLM sales leaders towards channel performance. The achievement of channel performance depends on the loyalty and retention between MLM sales leaders and downlines. The study also employs a soft skills training program as a moderator to examine the intensity between relationship marketing and channel performance. Cluster sampling is employed, and 64 Multi-level Marketing Organizations (MLMOs) are selected as the study sample. 320 sets of questionnaires were mailed out to the targeted downlines, and 210 duly answered the questionnaires (65% response rate). The study reveals that trust and commitment positively influence channel performance. Soft skill training is also found to moderate the relationship between trust, commitment and channel performance.
The Use of Technology in English Language Teaching: A Thematic Analysis to Investigate the Effectiveness of Integrating Technology in the English Language Classroom
Authors: Zeba Quamer  , Aalia Sabahat
Published: April 2024

This research paper explores the effectiveness of integrating technology, specifically computer-assisted language learning (CALL) and mobile applications, in the English language classroom. The study adopts a qualitative approach using thematic analysis to explore the experiences, perceptions, and attitudes of English language teachers and students towards the integration of technology. Data collection methods include interviews, observations, and document analysis. The findings of this study shed light on the benefits, challenges, and implications of incorporating technology in English language teaching, ultimately providing insights for educators and policymakers.
Hand Embroidery and Visual Communication Nexus: Analysis of Temitayo Taofeek Badru’s Embroidered Works
Authors: Isaiah Túndé Ògúnjìmí  , Adéjọkẹ́ Fúnmilọ́lá Adélẹ́yẹ
Published: April 2024

Art has passed through a series of changes right from the first man in the cave, and artists through the ages have also explored different methods and materials. Such an aspect is the art of hand embroidery. Hand embroidery is a form of decorative stitches for embellishment on worn apparel and garments that was widely used in the past. This paper examines selected embroidered works by Temitayo Taofeek Badru. These artworks are coded with African philosophy, especially Yorùbá proverbs, sayings, myths, folklore and aphorisms, and social issues in society. This is to establish the development of creativity in embroidery works and artist's contributions to contemporary Nigerian art. The paper also discusses the biography and artistic development of the artist, classifies the selected works into expressionistic and Realistic styles, and analyses the symbolic forms of the works. Data were collected through oral interviews with the artist and participant observation method. Data were also gathered from journal articles and art exhibition catalogues of the artist. Descriptive and formal methods of art historical studies were used to analyse the data. The study revealed that Badru grew up in an environment that encouraged his artistic development. It was found that the artist mostly uses expressionistic and realistic styles in his embroidered works and that he sometimes combines the use of threads and acrylic paints for the realistic style he adopts. The paper concludes that Badru has taken Textile Art to a new dimension through the use of hand embroidery for artistic innovations, which has equally contributed to the development of contemporary Nigerian art.
An Examination of the Best Practices on the Independence of the Anti-Corruption Agencies in Hong Kong and Singapore: Lessons for Nigeria
Authors: Zakiyya Haruna
Published: April 2024

Anti-Corruption Agencies are great weapons in the fight against corruption. However in some countries, Anti-corruption agencies perform below expectation and as such leave much to be desired while in some other countries they perform with credible results. This paper looks at the Anti-Corruption Agencies in Honk-Kong and Singapore to discuss some of the practices that contributed to their success having drawn the yard stick set by The South African Constitutional Court on the Independence of Anti-corruption agencies. The paper then looks at the Nigerian experiences and uncovers the major drawbacks of its Anti-Corruption Agencies and what lessons Nigeria learn from.
Role of Cybersecurity Legal Frameworks in Shaping the Risk Preparedness of the Telecommunication Sector in Safaricom Head Office, Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Ruth Kamau  , Justus K. Musya
Published: April 2024

The role of cybersecurity legal frameworks for assessing risk preparedness in the telecommunications industry is crucial to protecting sensitive information and guaranteeing the resilience of digital infrastructure. To investigate how legal frameworks affect the risk preparation tactics used by the massive telecom company, this research employs the Safaricom Head Office in Nairobi, Kenya, as a case study. The study adopts a descriptive methodology to thoroughly explore and describe the current cybersecurity legal landscape, including its conceptualization and subsequent impact on risk management within the company. This study is significant because of the rising reliance on digital technologies and the frequency and sophistication of cyber threats. Because the telecommunications sector is an essential backbone for many sectors, knowing the legal frameworks governing cybersecurity is critical to guaranteeing the reliability and security of communication networks. This includes determining how well Safaricom's cybersecurity policies correspond with regulatory requirements, identifying any gaps, and investigating compliance concerns. The study aims to gain a thorough understanding of the relationship between legal frameworks and risk management strategies, ultimately contributing to the improvement of cybersecurity practices in the telecommunications industry.
Fundamentos metodológicos y lingüísticos de la interpretación de textos
Authors: Villa Villegas Tito
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Conceptos de forma y estructura en la crítica del siglo XX
Authors: Wellek Rene
Published: April 2024

Resumen
El fundamento lingüístico de la lectura -2A. Parte.
Authors: Bastidas C. Alfonso
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Desarrollos actuales de la lingüística: el semanticismo
Authors: Baena Luis Angel
Published: April 2024

Resumen
La sociolingüística
Authors: Botero de Zuluaga Raquel
Published: April 2024

Resumen
MISCELÂNEA DE SENTIMENTOS: REFLEXÕES DE QUEM SOBREVIVEU A COVID-19
Authors: Harmuch Camila , Antunes Bezerra Nacamura Paula , Dos Santos Pini Jéssica , Caroline Ribeiro Devechi Anny , Graciela Vestena Zillmer Juliana , Salci Maria Aparecida , Paiano Marcelle
Published: April 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender os sentimentos atribuídos à pandemia da COVID-19 por indivíduos que vivenciaram a doença. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo que utilizou como referencial teórico o Interacionismo Simbólico e metodológico a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados vertente construtivista, realizado em um município de médio porte situado na região noroeste do Paraná. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de abril a novembro de 2021, por meio de entrevistas individuais mediadas por tecnologias. Os informantes foram 19 indivíduos hospitalizados pela COVID-19. A análise seguiu a codificação aberta e focalizada proposta pelo método. Os resultados demonstram como houve a ressignificação da pandemia da COVID-19 por indivíduos hospitalizados pela doença, sendo que este momento levou a uma maior valorização da vida e mudanças comportamentais. Conclui-se que os sentimentos revelaram uma nova percepção de vida diante do contexto da pandemia de COVID-19, com alterações de rotinas, sentimentos e readaptações, o que gerou o desenvolvimento de estratégias de enfrentamento.
Implementation of the state policy in the field of healthcare as a factor of improving the quality of life of the population (regional aspect)
Authors: Bizin Sergei Viktorovich
Published: April 2024

The subject of the research reflected in this article is the implementation of state policy in the field of healthcare in the region, which acts as a key factor determining the quality of life of the population. The object of the study is the health care system of the Lipetsk region and the peculiarities of the regional state policy in the field of health protection. The issues of improving the management of the healthcare system and the implemented state policy are becoming particularly relevant in view of overcoming the consequences of the pandemic and external challenges that have significantly affected this industry. The article reveals the features of theoretical and normative approaches to the essence of state policy in the field of healthcare. Special attention in the study is paid to the trends in the development of the health care system of the Lipetsk region, taking into account regional issues, and tools to improve its effectiveness. The scientific novelty and special contribution of the research lies in the systematic analysis of the results of the implementation of state policy in the field of healthcare in the region in the totality of its components: public health indicators (morbidity, mortality, life expectancy), staffing, digitalization of the industry and financial stability of the healthcare system. As a result of the conducted research, it was concluded that the effectiveness of state policy was achieved through the implementation of a set of measures to improve the organizational processes of medical care, optimize personnel functions, strengthen the material and technical base, etc., which reduced the negative impact of problematic aspects for the health sector of the region and, as a result, will improve the quality of life of the population of the region.
PHYSICAL FITNESS ANALYSIS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS: A STUDY TO DESIGN AN EXERCISE PROGRAM
Authors: Hardinata Riyan , Rinto Rinto , Deski Deski , Hartikasari Hartikasari , Nofita Tika , Hendra Hendra , Pardi Pardi , Cadiente Derick Sam A.
Published: April 2024

Background and Study Aim. Physical fitness is a parameter used to assess a person's ability to perform physical activities, lead a productive life and have good health. The body's ability to overcome fatigue during sports activities is very important to maintain concentration and focus on learning. Therefore, information about the physical fitness of elementary school students is very important to know. Material and Methods. This research method uses a quantitative approach conducted by survey then giving tests and measurements to elementary school students. The sampling technique uses total sampling, so all students in one class are sampled, totaling 25 people. This research instrument uses the 12-Minute Cooper Test. Analysis is assisted using the SPSS 26 application. Results. Based on these results, it shows that physical fitness, especially the endurance of elementary school students, is included in the moderate interpretation with a percentage of 52%. Based on the results of research on the analysis of physical fitness, especially aerobic endurance in elementary school students, it can be concluded that students' physical fitness is still in moderate interpretation. Conclusion. The results of this study serve as a reference for designing lessons to improve physical fitness. That way these results can be taken into consideration in developing exercise programs to improve the physical fitness of elementary school students.
Direct C4- and C2 C–H Amination of Heteroarenes Using I(III) Reagents via a Cross Azine Coupling
Authors: Motsch Bill J , Quach Amelia H , Dutton Jason L , Wilson David J D , Wengryniuk Sarah E
Published: April 2024

Aminated nitrogen heterocycles are valuable motifs across numerous chemical industries, perhaps most notably small mole-cule pharmaceuticals. While numerous strategies exist to install nitrogen atoms onto azaarenes, most require pre-functionalization and methods for direct C–H amination are almost entirely limited to the C2-position. Herein, we report a method for the direct C2 and C4 C–H amination of fused azaarenes via in situ activation with a bispyridine-ligated I(III)-reagent, [(Py)2IPh]2OTf, or Py-HVI. Unlike commonly used N-oxide chemistry, the method requires no pre-oxidation of the azaarene and it provides unprecedented access to C4-amination products. The resulting N-heterocyclic pyridinium salts can be isolated via simple trituration, and the free amine can be liberated under mild Zincke aminolysis, or the amination and cleav-age can be telescoped to a one-pot process. The scope of the method is broad, the conditions are mild and operationally sim-ple, and the aminated products are produced in good to excellent yields. Computational studies provide insights into the mech-anism of activation, which involves an unusual direct nucleophilic functionalization of an I(III)-ligand, as well as a kinetic basis for the observed C2 and C4 amination products.
Uniting targeted (Zeno MRM-HR) and untargeted (SWATH) LC-MS in a single run for sensitive high-resolution exposomics.
Authors: Verri Hernandes Vinicius , Warth Benedikt
Published: April 2024

Traditionally, chemical exposure has been assessed by low-resolution mass spectrometry via targeted ap-proaches due to the typically extremely low concentration of such compounds in biological samples. Never-theless, untargeted approaches are now becoming a promising tool for a broader investigation of the expo-some, covering additional compounds, their biotransformation products and possible metabolic alterations (metabolomics). However, despite broad compound coverage, untargeted metabolomics still underperforms in ultra-trace biomonitoring analysis. To overcome these analytical limitations, we present the development of the first combined targeted/untargeted LC-MS method, merging MRM-HR and SWATH experiments in one analytical run, making use of the Zeno technology for improved sensitivity. MRM transitions were optimized for 135 highly diverse toxicants including mycotoxins, plasticizers, PFAS, personal care products ingredients and industrial side products as well as potentially beneficial xenobiotics such as phytohormones. As a proof of concept, standard reference materials of human plasma (SRM 1950) and serum (SRM 1958) were ana-lyzed with both, Zeno MRM-HR + SWATH and SWATH-only methodologies. Results demonstrated a signifi-cant increase in sensitivity represented by the detection of lower concentration levels in spiked SRM materi-als (mean value: 2.2x and 3x more sensitive for SRMs 1950 and 1958, respectively). Overall, detection fre-quency was increased by 45% (from 22 to 40 positive detections) in MRM-HR+SWATH mode compared to the SWATH-only. This work presents a promising avenue for addressing the outstanding challenge in the small-molecule omics field: finding balance between high sensitivity and broad chemical coverage. It was demonstrated for exposomic applications but might be transferred to lipidomics and metabolomics work-flows.
Challenges for 10 nm MOSFET process integration
Authors: Östling Mikael , Gunnar Malm Bengt , Von Haartman Martin , H ̊allstedt Julius , Zhang Zhen , Hellström Per-Erik , Zhang Shili
Published: April 2024

An overview of critical integration issues for future generation MOSFETs towards 10 nm gate length is presented. Novel materials and innovative structures are discussed. The need for high-k gate dielectrics and a metal gate electrode is discussed. Different techniques for strain-enhanced mobility are discussed. As an example, ultra thin body SOI devices with high mobility SiGe channels are demonstrated.
Semiconductor cleaning technology for next generation material systems
Authors: Ruzyllo Jerzy
Published: April 2024

This paper gives a brief overview of the challenges wafer cleaning technology is facing in the light of advanced silicon technology moving in the direction of non-planar device structures and the need for modified cleans for semiconductors other than silicon. In the former case, the key issue is related to cleaning and conditioning of vertical surfaces in next generation CMOS gate structure as well as deep 3D geometries in MEMS devices. In the latter, an accelerated pace at which semiconductors other than silicon are being introduced into the mainstream manufacturing calls for the development of material specific wafer cleaning technologies. Examples of the problems related to each challenge are considered.
Low frequency noise in Si and Si/SiGe/Si PMOSFETs
Authors: M. Thomas Stephen , J. Prest Marti , J. F. Fulgoni Dominic , R. Bacon Adam , J. Grasby Tim , R. Leadley David , H. C. Parker Evan , E. Whall Terence
Published: April 2024

Measurements of 1/f noise in Si and Si0.64Ge0.36 PMOSFETs have been compared with theoretical models of carrier tunnelling into the oxide. Reduced noise is observed in the heterostructure device as compared to the Si control. We suggest that this is primarily associated with an energy dependent density of oxide trap states and a displacement of the Fermi level at the SiO2 interface in the heterostructure relative to Si. The present study also emphasizes the important role of transconductance enhancement in the dynamic threshold mode in lowering the input referred voltage noise.
Modeling of negative bias temperature instability
Authors: Grasser Tibor , Selberherr Siegfried
Published: April 2024

Negative bias temperature instability is regarded as one of the most important reliability concerns of highly scaled PMOS transistors. As a consequence of the continuous downscaling of semiconductor devices this issue has become even more important over the last couple of years due to the high electric fields in the oxide and the routine incorporation of nitrogen. During negative bias temperature stress a shift in important parameters of PMOS transistors, such as the threshold voltage, subthreshold slope, and mobility is observed. Modeling efforts date back to the reaction-diffusion model proposed by Jeppson and Svensson thirty years ago which has been continuously refined since then. Although the reaction-diffusion model is able to explain many experimentally observed characteristics, some microscopic details are still not well understood. Recently, various alternative explanations have been put forward, some of them extending, some of them contradicting the standard reaction-diffusion model. We review these explanations with a special focus on modeling issues.
Availability analysis and comparison of different WDM systems
Authors: Rados Ivan
Published: April 2024

We begin reasons why high system availability is important. Furthermore, the basic terms are introduced pertaining to the availability with particular review of the parallel structure. Then the availability of different wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems is analysed: point to point, chain and ring with 1+1 protection of the wavelength channel, plus the influence of availability of nodes and links on the total system availability. The data on failure intensity and mean time to repair of certain components were taken from various literature sources. We assumed in the analysis a WDM system with 16 wavelengths and 2.5 Gbit/s capacity per wavelength channel. Finally, results of calculation and comparisons of availability of different WDM systems and proposals for improvement of their availability are presented.
Composition and electrical properties of ultra-thin SiOxNy layers formed by rf plasma nitrogen implantation/plasma oxidation processes
Authors: Bieniek Tomasz , B. Beck Romuald , Jakubowski Andrzej , Konarski Piotr , Ćwil Michał , Hoffmann Patrick
Published: April 2024

Experiments presented in this work are a summary of the study that examines the possibility of fabrication of oxynitride layers for Si structures by nitrogen implantation from rf plasma only or nitrogen implantation from rf plasma followed immediately by plasma oxidation process. The obtained layers were characterized by means of: ellipsometry, XPS and ULE-SIMS. The results of electrical characterization of NMOS Al-gate test structures fabricated with the investigated layers used as gate dielectric, are also discussed.
The influence of annealing (900◦C) of ultra-thin PECVD silicon oxynitride layers
Authors: Mroczyński Robert , Głuszko Grzegorz , B. Beck Romuald , Jakubowski Andrzej , Ćwil Michał , Konarski Piotr , Hoffmann Patrick , Schmeißer Dieter
Published: April 2024

This work reports on changes in the properties of ultra-thin PECVD silicon oxynitride layers after high- temperature treatment. Possible changes in the structure, composition and electrophysical properties were investigated by means of spectroscopic ellipsometry, XPS, SIMS and electrical characterization methods (C-V, I-V and charge- pumping). The XPS measurements show that SiOxNy is the dominant phase in the ultra-thin layer and high-temperature annealing results in further increase of the oxynitride phase up to 70% of the whole layer. Despite comparable thickness, SIMS measurement indicates a densification of the annealed layer, because sputtering time is increased. It suggests complex changes of physical and chemical properties of the investigated layers taking place during high-temperature annealing. The C-V curves of annealed layers exhibit less frequency dispersion, their leakage and charge-pumping currents are lower when compared to those of as-deposited layers, proving improvement in the gate structure trapping properties due to the annealing process.