bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relationship between seagrass abundance, distribution and the abiotic factors in Big Gifton and Abu Minqar islands, Red Sea, Egypt
Authors: EBEAD MOHAMED A.W.S. , HUSSEIN HUSSEIN N.M. , GOMAA HASSANIEN , ABDELMOTTALEB MOHAMED , MAHDY ALDOUSHY
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Ebead MAS, Hussein HNM, Gomaa H, Abdelmottaleb M, Mahdy A. 2022. The relationship between seagrass abundance, distribution and the abiotic factors in Big Gifton and Abu Minqar islands, Red Sea, Egypt. Biodiversitas 23: 2295-2303. Seagrass communities represent spatially complex and biomass-producing systems. The current research aims to understand the relationship between the abundance and distribution of seagrass communities and the abiotic factors in Big Gifton Island and Abu Minqar Island, Red Sea, Egypt. Seasonal seagrass samples were collected during 2019-2020 using line-transect and quadrat techniques. Canonical Correspondence Analysis was used to determine the effect of environmental factors on the occurrence and abundance of seagrass species. Three seagrass species, i.e., Halophila stipulacea, Halodule uninervis, and Halophila ovalis were recorded in the two islands. The most dominant seagrass species in both locations was H. stipulacea, which accounted for 54% in Big Gifton and 45% in Abu Minqar Island, while H. uninervis and H. ovalis were less numerous, with a percentage cover of 23 and 24%; and 8 and 5% in Big Gifton and Abu Minqar island, respectively. Halophila stipulacea was highest in the winter season with a percentage of 62 % and lowest in the spring (47%) in Big Gifton, whereas it was highest in the spring (62%) and lowest in the winter (47%) on Abu Minqar Island (22%). Statistical analysis showed highly significant differences between both sites and seasons in terms of conductivity, total dissolved solids, salinity, and the presence of H. uninervis and H. ovalis. On the other hand, there were non-significant differences between both sites and seasons in terms of temperatures, dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, phosphorus and the presence of H. stipulacea. Throughout the year, Big Gifton had a higher mean phosphate value than Abu Minqar Island and this may be related to the highest abundance of H. stipulacea in Big Gifton Island. The findings of this study may aid decision-makers in the management of natural resources, particularly the seagrass beds of Big Gifton and Abu Minqar Island.
Spatial distribution of tree species composition and carbon stock in Tozi tropical dry forest, Sinnar State, Sudan
Authors: YASIN EMAD HASsAN ELAWAD , MULYANA BUDI
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Yasin EHE, Mulyana B. 2022. Spatial distribution of tree species composition and carbon stock in Tozi tropical dry forest, Sinnar State, Sudan. Biodiversitas 23: 2359-2368. Dryland forest ecosystem in Sudan plays an important role, either ecologically or economically, for the community around the forest areas. However, land-use change, illegal logging and grazing have caused dryland forests in the country to degrade. The research aimed to investigate the species composition and carbon stock in a Tozi tropical dry forest (TTDF), a typical dryland forest ecosystem in Sinnar state, Sudan. A total of 306 circular sample plots (1000 m2 for each) were established using a systematic sampling grid method. The distance between plots was 400 m and between survey lines 500 m. In each plot, all living trees were identified and counted, and their diameter at the breast height (DBH) was recorded. Research findings showed that there were 2,339 individual trees representing four species (Acacia seyal, Balanites aegyptiaca, Acacia senegal and Acacia mellifera) that belong to two families. The B. aegyptiaca and A. seyal were the dominant species widely distributed in the TTDF. The average tree density was 175 trees/ha and the Shannon-Weiner index for trees diversity was 0.264. For the seedlings stage, A. mellifera showed a high value of frequency and density, followed by B. aegyptiaca and A. seyal. The structure of seedlings, saplings, and adults trees formed a reverse J-shape in which the density of seedlings was the highest and followed by saplings and adult trees. Carbon stock of A. seyal, B. aegyptiaca, A. senegal, and A. mellifera were 990.95, 2602.78, 1085.82, and 249.20 kg C/ha, respectively. Spatial analysis showed that sites composed of three species resulted in the highest above ground carbon stock compared to single species, two species, and four species compositions.
Diversity and distribution pattern of scorpions from the Ouarsenis massif of Tissemsilt, North-West Algeria
Authors: CHEDAD ABDELWAHAB , AIT HAMMOU MOHAMED , CHELGHOUM HICHAM , CHEDAD ABDESSALEM , OULD AMARA OMAR , EL BOUHISSI MAYSSARA , DAHMANI WALID , SADINE SALAH EDDINE
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Chedad AW, Hammou MA, Chelghoum H, Chedad A, Amara OO, El Bouhissi M, Dahmani W, Sadine SE. 2022. Diversity and distribution pattern of scorpions from the Ouarsenis massif of Tissemsilt, North-West Algeria. Biodiversitas 23: 2444-2450. Ecological barriers such as mountains are important factors leading to fragmentation of the range of different species and the important cause of vicariance events. Ouarsenis massif (Tissemsilt, North-West Algeria) is an important protected Park. This paper presents a preliminary study of scorpion diversity and assesses this biodiversity change in this Mountain range along a gradient of many ecological descriptors, including elevation, vegetation cover, slope, and soil types. During 2020 and 2021, we sampled 179 specimens of scorpions by direct hunting from the eight biotopes in Ouarsenis massif. Only adult individuals were used for identification after being killed and kept in 70% alcohol. Based on morphological criteria, we identified eight species distributed in two genera and two families. The family Buthidae was represented by five species with the highest relative abundance (RA) was Buthus tunetanus (RA: 47.49%). Furthermore, the family Scorpionidae was represented by three species with the highest RA was Scorpio maurus (RA: 25.14%). The Shannon index (H’: 2.71 bits) indicated that Ouarsenis massif region had a high level of scorpion diversity and the value of evenness (E: 0.90) reflected the high equilibrium between the effectiveness of sampled species. The main determinant descriptor of scorpion distribution was the elevation and soil types, while the vegetation cover could be considered an ancillary factor.
Two new taxa of Curcuma sect. Ecomata (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae), from coastal Central Vietnam
Authors: NGUYEN DANH DUC , LE TUAN ANH , HOANG QUOC HUY , LE QUOC THUONG , NGUYEN EMMY
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Nguyen DD, Le TA, Hoang QH, Le QT, Nguyen E. 2022. Two new taxa of Curcuma sect. Ecomata (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae), from coastal Central Vietnam. Biodiversitas 23: 2512-2519. Curcuma sixsensesensis and Curcuma vinhlinhensis, two new species belonging to subgenus Ecomata from Coastal Central Vietnam, are described and illustrated in the present articles. The C. sixsensesensis easily gets confused with C. newmanii Škorni?k. in compact rhizome; short lateral inflorescence composing of a few bracts; white corolla lobes and lateral staminodes; white labellum with a yellow mid-rid band but readily distinguished in rhomboid lateral staminodes (vs. obovate) with apex acuminated (vs. rounded); labellum 3-lobed (vs. emarginated), a mid-rid band being yellow at apex half, white at the base (vs. yellow throughout); anther crest presented (vs. reduced); oblong (lightly arching) (vs. L- shaped) anther in side view with slender and inward-pointing (vs. stout and outward-facing) spurs. The second one is similar to C. pambrosima Škorni?k. & N. S. Lý in general habit and shape of the spike but differs in reduced ligule ca. 1 (vs. 4-5) mm long; lateral staminodes orange throughout (vs. yellow at apex, white at base), elliptic with round apex (vs. unequally ovate-rhomboid with acute apex); anther spurs elongate into the acute apex, outward-facing (vs. curved inward), ca. 2-3 (vs. ca. 1,5) mm long, anther crest reduced, up to 0.5 mm, 2-lobed (vs. prominent anther crest, ca. 1.5 mm apex round). Data for each described species comprises standard citation of type specimens, description, proposed species epithet etymology, data on ecology and distribution, and short taxonomic notes and morphological comparison of these new species with its allies species, a revised key to species of Curcuma sect. Ecomata in Vietnam is included.
Soil organic carbon of grassland and bush forest on dryland in Aceh Besar District, Indonesia
Authors: ABDULLAH UMAR H. , SUFARDI SUFARDI , SYAFRUDDIN SYAFRUDDIN , ARABIA TETI
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Abdullah UH, Sufardi S, Syafruddin S, Arabia T. 2022. Soil organic carbon of grassland and bush forest on dryland in Aceh Besar District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2594-2600. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is one of the important components that can improve soil conditions and maintain agriculture sustainability. This study was conducted to determine the potential of soil organic carbon in grassland and bush forest in Aceh Besar District. We used purposive random sampling by taking soil samples at various depths with five samples for each land type. The parameters of soil bulk density, % carbon soil, the potential of carbon and carbon stock were analyzed. Soil organic carbon (SOC) analysis followed the Walkley and Black method using analytical guidelines from the Indonesian Soil Research Institute. The results showed that land type and soil depth affected bulk density, % carbon soil, the potential of carbon and carbon stock. Land type affected soil organic carbon in which grasslands had a higher soil carbon than bush forests. In total, total soil carbon stock in the bush forest of Aceh Besar District was higher than that in grassland due to the much larger extent of bush forest in the district. Land use management efforts to improve soil SOC need to be carried out and in collaboration with various parties. Thus, it is necessary to maintain the availability of soil carbon stock for sustainable land management, including agriculture.
Vegetation diversity, structure and composition of three forest ecosystems in Angsana coastal area, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: NUGROHO YUSANTO , SUYANTO SUYANTO , MAKINUDIN DINDIN , ADITIA SILVYNA , YULIMASITA DINDA DEWI , AFANDI AHMAD YUSUF , HARAHAP MOEHAR MARAGHIY , MATATULA JERIELS , WIRABUANA PANDU YUDHA ADI PUTRA
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Nugroho Y, Suyanto, Makinudin D, Aditia S, Yulimasita DD, Afandi AY, Harahap MM, Matatula J, Wirabuana PYAP. 2022. Vegetation diversity, structure and composition of three forest ecosystems in Angsana coastal area, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2640-2647. Vegetation communities around coastal ecosystems play important roles in mitigating natural disaster and climate change. However, available information about vegetation communities in coastal areas is still limited despite being a requirement in developing strategies for environmental preservation. Angsana coastal area in South Kalimantan, Indonesia has unique characteristics in which it has three different forest ecosystems, namely heath forest (HF), beach forest (BF), and mangrove forest (MF). This study aimed to identify the vegetation diversity, structure and composition of the three forest ecosystems in Angsana coastal area. A field survey was conducted using transect line methods with a sampling plot size of 10 × 10 m and an interval of 20 m. Vegetation communities were assessed using species abundance, plant diversity, importance value index (IVI), and similarity level. Results showed that 37 species from 25 families were recorded at the study site. The highest species abundance was observed in HF (22 species), followed by BF (18 species) and MF (7 species). The same trend was found for vegetation diversity, in which HF had the highest richness (Dmg = 4.52), heterogeneity (H' = 2.86), and evenness (J' = 0.94). Hibiscus tiliaceus L. had the highest IVI in BF in all vegetation stages, and Rhizophora mucronata Lam. consistently had the greatest IVI in MF in all stages. Species thet exhibited the highest IVI in HF were Adina minutiflora Valeton (seedlings), Rhodedomia tomentosa and Premna serratifolia L. (saplings), Tristania maingayi Duthie (poles), and Vitex ovata Thunb. (trees). Our study also observed that species abundance in forest ecosystems gradually declined from seedlings to trees, except in MF. Among the three forest types, vegetation composition was highly similar between MF and BF, with a similarity level of 47.1%. Based on these results, this study concluded that the three forest ecosystems in Angsana coastal area exhibit a highly diverse vegetation structure, and each type of forest has specific characteristics as its entity.
Construction of CRISPR/Cas9_gRNA-OsCKX2 module cassette and its introduction into rice cv. Mentik Wangi mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Authors: RUZYATI MARINA , SISHARMINI ATMITRI , APRIANA ANIVERSARI , SANTOSO TRI JOKO , PURWANTO EDI , SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI , YUNUS AHMAD
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Ruzyati M, Sisharmini A, Apriana A, Santoso TJ, Purwanto E, Samanhudi, Yunus A. 2022. Construction of CRISPR/Cas9_gRNA-OsCKX2 module cassette and its introduction into rice cv. Mentik Wangi mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Biodiversitas 23: 2679-2689. Mentik Wangi is an aromatic superior rice variety from the tropical japonica group with high posture and low productivity. The tall plant posture causes Mentik Wangi rice to be prone to lodging, resulting in yield loss. Therefore, improvement of plant height and productivity of Mentik Wangi is still required. The sd-1 (OsGA20ox-2) and CKX2 genes are responsible for the semi-dwarf character and high productivity. The study aimed to construct a CRISPR/Cas9 cassette module carrying a gRNA of OsCKX2 gene and introduce this construct to Mentik Wangi rice mediated by an Agrobacterium tumefaciens vector strain LBA4404. The introduction of the CRISPR/Cas9_gRNA-GA20ox-2 cassette plasmid that was constructed in previous research into Mentik Wangi rice was also carried out. The results showed that the CRISPR/Cas9_gRNA-CKX2 cassette module had been successfully constructed using the Golden gate cloning method. The introduction of the CRISPR/Cas9_gRNA-CKX2 and CRISPR/Cas9_gRNA-GA20ox-2 cassette modules into Mentik Wangi rice resulted in 30 putative transformant lines that passed the hygromycin selection. PCR analysis showed that from the 30 transformant lines, 15 lines were positive for the hygromycin resistance gene. Further analysis is necessary to be conducted to identify the occurrence of mutagenesis in the OsCKX2 and GA20ox-2 target genes.
Genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida from Kupang based on ISSR profiles, stomatal density, and chlorophyll content
Authors: JANNAH NUR , PHARMAWATI MADE , USLAN USLAN
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Jannah N, Pharmawati M, Uslan. 2022. Genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida from Kupang based on ISSR profiles, stomatal density, and chlorophyll content. Biodiversitas 23: 2690-2698. This study investigated the genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.or faloak based on Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) molecular markers and determined stomatal density and chlorophyll content from several localities in Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. For genetic diversity analysis, samples were collected from the Oelsonbai forest area of Maulafa Sub-district, Kupang City, whereas for stomatal density and chlorophyll content analysis, samples were collected from areas with various degrees of anthropogenic activity from Kupang city. DNA was isolated using Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) method and amplified by three ISSR primers (UBC 811, UBC 812, and UBC 815), whereas stomatal density was observed using a microscope and chlorophyll content was determined using a spectrophotometer. Genetic data were analyzed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) method and Nei & Li coefficient similarity in the MVSP software. A total of 78 ISSR bands ranging from 320-3200 bp were obtained, where populations were divided into four main clusters and six sub-clusters, similarly having moderate heterozygosity (He=0.50) not clustered based on their geographical distribution. There was a difference in stomatal density and chlorophyll content, probably influenced by anthropogenic disturbances. A conservation action plan is required to ensure the S. quadrifida's survival in the future.
The structure communities of gastropods in the permanently inundated mangrove forest on the north coast of Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Hilmi Endang , Sari Lilik Kartika , Cahyo Tri Nur , Dewi Rose , Winanto Tjahjo
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Hilmi E, Sari LK, Cahyo TN, Dewi R, Winanto T. 2022. The structure communities of gastropods in the permanently inundated mangrove forest on the north coast of Jakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2699-2710. The permanently inundated mangrove ecosystem support gastropods communities to live and grow. The gastropods communities require a mangrove ecosystem for feeding, spawning, nursing, distributing, and breading. The distribution of gastropod communities is shown by the number, association, and clustering of gastropods and is influenced by the potential of permanent water inundation. This research used association, clustering, and correlation methods to describe the distribution of gastropod communities. The results of this research showed that the mangrove ecosystem on the north coast of Jakarta was dominated by Avicennia marina, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Calophyllum inophyllum, Cerbera manghas, Excoecaria agallocha, Nypa fruticans, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia caseolaris, Terminalia catappa, and Thespesia populnea with density between 20-2800 trees/ha. However, the gastropods communities in the mangrove ecosystem were dominated by Cassidula angulifera, Cassidula aurisfelis, Cassidula plecotrematoides, Cassidula rugata, Ellobium aurisjudae, Ellobium gangeticum, Pythia plicata, Cerithidea obtusa, Cerithidea quoyii, and Melanoidessarius tuberculata with abundance between 0.36 to 6.68 ind/m2, 12 pairs positive association from 78 pairs, had uniform distribution (Moroshita index 0-0.87), and two clusters.
Application of sexual dimorphism-derived variation in morphometrics and intraspecific interaction likelihood in Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) to increase species encounter rates
Authors: Novriyanti Novriyanti , Takandjandji Mariana
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Novriyanti N, Takandjandji M. 2022. Application of sexual dimorphism-derived variation in morphometrics and intraspecific interaction likelihood in Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) to increase species encounter rates. Biodiversitas 23: 2753-2759. Effectively encounters opportunities of Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) in natural habitats is still necessary to have more research. A diversity of pangolins' physical and biological characteristics has been disclosed to facilitate the identification process in natural habitats. However, pangolins are animals that tend to be solitary; they have fast movement, so the area coverage is extensive; this condition complicates the data collection process. It is unknown yet, whether pangolins of different sexes usually exist in the same space and time, either in terms of foraging or other interactions, known as intra-specific interactions. Thus, this study aimed to predict intraspecific interactions of M. javanica to increase the encountering of pangolins chance in natural habitats. As many as 29 individual pangolins (14 males and 15 females) be measured its morphometric data. To convincingly justify that morphometric variation can be used as encounter rate opportunities in natural habitats, a series of analyses, i.e., univariate test, correlation analysis, and multiple regression, were applied to this research. Other estimations from feeding activity data were also carried out to detect pangolins' niche width and its overlap according to sexual dimorphism. Univariate analysis shows that overall, the total body length (head to tail) of both males and females does not differ significantly. But, the correlation coefficient indicates the physical character of female and male body length is related to each other (value 0.769**). The resulting regression model indicates that the presence of pangolins in their sex similarity in a particular place tends to be avoided, while there is a 1:1 probability of sexual dimorphism. This also means that males and females can be used as the same individual in ecological observations.
Short Communication: Assessment of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv.) genetic variation in Java, Indonesia using atpB-rbcL and trnL-F intergenic spacer
Authors: SUSANTO AGUS HERY , DWIATI MURNI
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Susanto AH, Dwiati M. 2022. Short Communication: Assessment of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv.) genetic variation in Java, Indonesia using atpB-rbcLand trnL-F intergenic spacer. Biodiversitas 23: 2760-2767. Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica(L.) P.Beauv.) is an invasive species commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, consequently threatening global plant biodiversity, and sustainable agriculture. Nevertheless, some of its potential as a medicinal herb, phytoremediation agent, and alternative energy have been reported. genetic variation of cogongrass has been studied in certain areas, however genetic variation in Java, Indonesia has not been reported. Therefore, this study aims to assess the genetic variation of cogongrass in Java, Indonesia using atpB-rbcLand trnL-F intergenic spacer (IGS). Twenty-one plant samples were collected randomly from nine different sites and two pairs of universal primers were employed to amplify the markers. The results showed a much lower genetic difference among subpopulations in comparison to genetic variation within individual subpopulations. This result indicates that the subpopulations have high connectivity, meaning the rapid change in terrestrial ecosystems on the island does not affect the cogongrass population.
Short Communication: First report of Nectria haematococca causing a moler disease on shallots in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: MARIANI MARIANI , SUPRAPTA DEWA NGURAH , SUDANA I MADE , TEMAJA I GEDE RAI MAYA , SUDANTHA I MADE
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Mariani, Suprapta DN, Sudana IM, Temaja IGRM, Sudantha IM. 2022. Short Communication: First report of Nectria haematococca causing a moler disease on shallots in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2768-2774. Moler disease caused by Nectria haematococca is the main disease of shallots in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Moler disease caused significant yield loss and even crop failure. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify the pathogen causing moler disease on shallots. This research was conducted from February 2018 to November 2019. Survey was conducted at 13 shallot planting locations in West Nusa Tenggara, namely: Ngali, Ncera, Cenggu, Renda, Sajang, Rensing, Dasan Baru, Batu Layar, Anyar, Sembalun, Jerowaru, Batujai and Sakuru Village. Ten infected plants were taken, at each observation point, then put in a labeled plastic bag and brought to the laboratory for isolation purposes. The results showed that pathogen causing moler disease on shallot was isolated NTB2018. On PDA isolate NTB2018 produced white color colony, the mycelium growth direction was sideways with smooth mycelium structure, sideways growth direction of mycelium and fine structure mycelium. The fungus produced insulated mycelium consisting of macroconidia and microconidia as asexual spores and ascospores as sexual spores. Based on analysis of 18S rRNA gene, isolate NTB2018 DNA fragment of ±569 bp.
An Approach Towards Parametric Optimisation of Construction Frames for Cartesian Industrial Robots
Authors: Gwardecki Filip , Falkowski Piotr
Published: May 2022

The paper presents an approach to parametric optimization with response surface methodology. This process was performed based on the design of a construction frame for a Cartesian industrial robot. The presented installation is dedicated to the real industrial pick-and-place application. Firstly, the case study was described with relevant information about the components involved. Then, the finite element model with constraints and loads, as well as the settings of the response surface optimization were discussed. The simulation was presented to the reader within all the stages with necessary details. Into consideration were taken six methods of creating response surfaces. Influence on the final optimization result and prediction accuracy of each one was presented. In the end, to validate the outcomes of the process, the static structural analysis of the setup was computed.The paper compares the impact of applying different methods of response surface generation on the results of parametric optimization. Moreover, it indicates the most vulnerable fragments of dynamically loaded elements made of construction profiles. Its results may be used to select appropriate settings in similar applications, mainly for frame structures.
Software for the Control and Monitoring of Work of a Collaborative Robot
Authors: Łabuński Wojciech , Burghardt Andrzej
Published: May 2022

The development of robotic systems is correlated with the development of their software. Expanding robot implementation areas and attempts to replace more and more groups of activities carried out by people requires increasing the degrees of freedom, introducing robot interaction with the environment, and preparing software that manages over six degrees of freedom in a friendly, understandable, ergonomic, and functional manner. The authors proposed a method of programming a collaborative robot with the use of a joystick, created the necessary software, constructed elements of the system, obtaining an original, flexible, and intuitive solution. As part of the work, the proposed solution has been simulated and verified. Verification of the proposed solution was carried out on a real bench equipped with a cobot, Kawasaki duAro.
FDA*: A Focused Single-Query Grid Based Path Planning Algorithm
Authors: Boumediene Mouad , Mehennaoui Lamine , Lachouri Abderezzak
Published: May 2022

Square grid representations of the state‐space are a commonly used tool in path planning. With applications in a variety of disciplines, including robotics, computational biology, game development, and beyond. However, in large scale and/or high dimensional environments the creation and manipulation of such structures become too expensive, especially in applications when an accurate representation is needed.In this paper, we present a method for reducing the cost of single‐query grid‐based path planning, by focusing the search to a smaller subset, that containsthe optimal solution. This subset is represented by a hyper‐rectangle, the location, and dimensions of which are calculated departing from an initial feasible path found by a fast search using the RRT* algorithm. We also present an implementation of this focused discretization method called FDA*, a resolution optimal algorithm, where the A* algorithm is employed in searching the resulting graph for an optimal solution. We also demonstrate through simulation results, that the FDA* algorithm uses less memory and has a shorter run‐time compared to classic A* and thus other graph based planning algorithms, and in the same time, the resulting path cost is less than that of regular RRT based algorithms.
Risk Analysis Method by the Extreme Data of Dependent Exogenous Variables
Authors: Tereshchenko Ihor , Tereshchenko Anton , Bilous Nataliya , Shtangey Svitlana , Warsza Zygmunt
Published: May 2022

Many practical tasks of data multivariate statistical analysis from the standpoint of a risk-oriented process approach (in accordance with ISO 9001: 2015, 31000: 2018) requires the definition of the risk values for the dependent exogenous variables of some processes. This paper proposes the method, which consist of original stages sequence for calculating value-at-risk (VaR) or conditional-value-at-risk (CVaR) of dependent exogenous variables, presented of the extreme data frame of critical manufacture process parameters or other parameters, for example, extreme data of environmental monitoring and etc. Risk analysis method by the extreme data of dependent exogenous variables, presented of the data matrix, uses the result of solving the formalized problem of defines the tails parameters of the joint distributions of exogenous variables as components of a bivariate random variable. It can be argued that the tails parameters of the joint distributions of dependent exogenous variables make the validated corrections of the VaR and CVaR estimates for such variables. This method expands the practical application of extreme value theory for the value at risk analysis of any dependent variables as process parameters.
Ethnic diversity and burden of polycystic ovary syndrome among US adolescent females
Authors: Khil Jaclyn , Darbinian Jeanne A. , Guo Lynn , Greenspan Louise C. , Ramalingam Nirmala D. , Lo Joan C.
Published: May 2022

Objectives

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common female endocrine disorder presenting as early as adolescence. Recent data suggest that Asians may be at increased risk. This study examines PCOS prevalence by race/ethnicity in a large, diverse population of adolescent females.

Methods

This retrospective study included 244,642 females (ages 13–17) with well-child visits during 2012–2018 in a Northern California healthcare system. Race/ethnicity and Asian ethnicity were classified using self-reported data. Body mass index was classified as healthy, overweight, and moderate/severe obesity. PCOS was determined by clinical diagnosis within one year of the visit.

Results

The overall prevalence of PCOS was 0.7% and increased substantially with weight. Among those with obesity, PCOS prevalence was 4.2, 2.9, 2.4, 2.1% in Asian/Pacific Islander (PI), Hispanic/Latina, Non-Hispanic White, Black adolescents and 7.8, 6.7, 5.7, 3.4% in South Asian, Chinese, Filipina, Native Hawaiian/PI adolescents, respectively. Compared to White adolescents, Asian/PIs had two-fold higher risk of PCOS, and Hispanic/Latinas had 1.3-fold higher risk. Compared to Chinese adolescents, South Asians had 1.7-fold higher risk, while Native Hawaiian/PIs had half the risk.

Conclusions

The increased burden of diagnosed PCOS in Asian/PI and Hispanic/Latina adolescents, especially those with obesity, calls for further examination and clinical surveillance of at-risk populations.
Recent advancements in metal–organic frameworks integrating quantum dots (QDs@MOF) and their potential applications
Authors: Giri Lopamudra , Rout Smruti Rekha , Varma Rajender S. , Otyepka Michal , Jayaramulu Kolleboyina , Dandela Rambabu
Published: May 2022

Design and development of new materials and their hybrids are key to addressing current energy issues. Thanks to their tunable textural and physiochemical properties, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) show great potential toward gas sorption, catalysis, sensing, and electrochemical energy applications. Nevertheless, practical applications of MOFs have been hampered because of their limited electrical conductivity, micropore size, and poor stability. However, smart integration of zero-dimensional quantum dots (QDs) into an MOF template, where the host structure offers suitable interactions for enhancing the stability and synergic properties, may be a solution. The objective of this review is to summarize recent advances in the field of QD@MOFs, highlighting fresh approaches to synthesis strategies and progress made in their application to optoelectronic devices, sensing, biomedical, catalysis, and energy storage. The current challenges and future directions of QDs@MOFs hybrids toward advancing energy and environmental applications are also addressed. We anticipate that this review will inspire researchers to develop novel MOF hybrids for energy, optoelectronics, and biomedical applications.
Effects of cinnamaldehyde on the germination and growth of Bacillus cereus spores in ready-to-eat boiled ground beef
Authors: Zhang Menghan , Zhou Ruixiang , Jin Sixu , Song Yuhang , Xu Nuonuo , Wang Yuexia
Published: May 2022

The study quantitatively described the effects of cinnamaldehyde on the germination and growth of Bacillus cereus spores in boiled ready-to-eat ground beef. With the combination of the concentrations of cinnamaldehyde 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% vol/wt at temperatures 12, 20, 28, and 36°C, the Huang model was successfully used as the primary model to predict the lag time (λ) and maximum growth rate (µmax). Thereafter, the cubic polynomial models were used to estimate the values of Ln λ and Ln µmax considering both the storage temperature and cinnamaldehyde concentration. The models were highly accurate, because they produced acceptable root mean squared error (RMSE) values that were close to 0, while the determination (R2), accuracy factor (Af), and bias factor (Bf) values were all close to 1. As indicated by the fitted models, the supplementary of cinnamaldehyde in samples increased the lag time of B. cereus significantly from 17.7 to 75.8 h at 12°C of storage. Increasing the storage temperature from 12 to 36°C led to only 0.80-fold prolongation of lag time from 1.6 to 2.9 h in the sample containing cinnamaldehyde. However, the µmax value declined most obviously at 20°C, while 66% decrease was determined. According to the results, the cinnamaldehyde can be used as a natural antimicrobial agent in boiled ready-to-eat ground beef in staple food industry by inhibiting the germination and growth of B. cereus. The results also provided regressing models that can be used for effectively designing the storage temperature and cinnamaldehyde concentration for a specific requirement.
1.5 versus 3 Tesla structural MRI in patients with focal epilepsy
Authors: Zhu Hanjie , Scott James , Hurley Alison , Gaxiola‐Valdez Ismael , Peedicail Joseph S. , Federico Paolo
Published: May 2022

Objective. Structural MRI is a critical component in the pre‐surgical investigation of epilepsy, as identifying an epileptogenic lesion increases the chance of post‐surgical seizure freedom. In general practice, 1.5T and 3T MRI scans are still the mainstream in most epilepsy centres, particularly in resource‐poor countries. When 1.5T MRI is non‐lesional, a repeat scan is often performed as a higher‐field structural scan, usually 3T. However, it is not known whether scanning at 3T increases diagnostic yield in patients with focal epilepsy. We sought to compare lesion detection and other features of 1.5T and 3T MRI acquired in the same patients with epilepsy.

Methods. MRI scans (1.5T and 3T) from 100 patients were presented in a blinded, randomized order to two neuroradiologists. The presence, location, and number of potentially epileptogenic lesions were compared. In addition, tissue contrast and the presence of motion/technical artifacts were compared using a 4‐point subjective scale.

Results. Both the qualitative tissue contrast and motion/technical artifacts were improved at 3T. However, this did not result in statistically significant improvement in lesion detection. Qualitatively, five patients had subtle lesions seen only at 3T. However, minor differences in image acquisition parameters between 1.5T and 3T scans in these cases may have resulted in greater lesion visibility at 3T in four patients. Based on a general linear model analysis, the presence of a focal abnormality on EEG was predictive of the presence of a lesion at 1.5T and 3T.

Significance. Repeat MRI scanning of patients with focal epilepsy at 3T using similar scan protocols does not significantly increase diagnostic yield over scanning at 1.5T; the increased signal‐to‐noise ratio can potentially be better allocated for novel scan sequences in order to provide more clinical value.
Electrical Wada for pre‐surgical memory testing: a case report
Authors: Kaestner Erik , Pedersen Nigel P. , Hu Ranling , Vosoughi Armin , Alwaki Abdulrahman , Ruiz Andres Rodriguez , Staikova Ekaterina , Hewitt Kelsey C. , Epstein Charles , McDonald Carrie R. , Gross Robert E. , Drane Daniel L.
Published: May 2022

We report a case study of a surgical candidate, a 51‐year‐old woman with left temporal lobe epilepsy, who failed a left injection intracarotid amobarbital procedure (e.g., Wada test), scoring 0 of 8 items. This raised concerns for postoperative memory decline. However, the patient was uninterested in a neuromodulatory approach and wished to be reconsidered for surgery. A stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy (SLAH) was considered, encouraging the need for an alternative test to evaluate risk of memory decline. We developed a novel approach to testing memory during stimulation of a depth electrode implanted in the hippocampus, i.e., an electric Wada. During multiple stimulation trials across a range of amplitudes, the patient scored up to 8 of 8 items, which suggested strong contralateral memory support. The surgical team proceeded with a radiofrequency ablation and a subsequent SLAH. The patient remains seizure‐free at 12 months post SLAH with no evidence of verbal or visuospatial memory decline based on a post‐surgical neuropsychological battery. We believe that this case study provides a proof of concept for the feasibility and possible utility of an electric version of the Wada procedure. Future studies are needed to develop an optimal paradigm and to validate this approach.
Electroclinical features and long‐term therapeutic response in patients with typical absence seizures
Authors: Vlachou Maria , Skrimpas Georgios Alexandros , Kural Mustafa Aykut , Rackauskaite Gija , Nikanorova Natalya , Christensen Jakob , Nikanorova Marina , Beniczky Sándor
Published: May 2022

Objective. To characterize in detail the electroclinical features of typical absence seizures and elucidate whether EEG or semiology features, alone or in combination, can predict long‐term therapeutic outcome.

Methods
. We analysed video‐EEG recordings from 213 typical absence seizures from 61 patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy. We extracted semiological features, in addition to hallmark manifestations (motor/behavioural arrest, non‐responsiveness), their location, timing and frequency. We evaluated the duration and frequency of generalized spike‐wave discharges and the presence of polyspikes. We used a supervised machine‐learning approach (random forest) to search for classifier features for long‐term therapeutic outcome (>one year).

Results. Besides the hallmark manifestations, additional semiological features were identified in 87% of patients (75% of seizures). The most common additional semiological features were automatisms and eye blinking (observed in 45% and 41.5% of seizures, respectively). Automatisms were associated with longer seizure duration, and oral automatisms occurred earlier compared to limb automatisms (4.03 vs. 6.19 seconds; p=0.005). The mean duration of the ictal spike‐wave discharges was nine seconds, and the median frequency was 3 Hz. Polyspikes occurred in 46 seizures (21.6%), in 19 patients (31%). Median follow‐up was five years, and 73% of the patients were seizure‐free at the end of the follow‐up. None of the semiological features, alone or in combination, were predictors of therapeutic outcome. The only significant classifier was the presence of polyspikes, predicting a non‐seizure‐free outcome with an accuracy of 73% (95% CI: 70‐77%), positive predictive value of 92% (95% CI: 84‐98%) and negative predictive value of 60% (95% CI: 39‐81%).

Significance. Semiological features, in addition to behavioural arrest and non‐responsiveness, are common in typical absence seizures, but they do not predict long‐term therapeutic outcome. The presence of polyspikes has a high positive predictive value for unfavourable therapeutic outcome, and their presence should therefore be included when reporting EEGs in patients with typical absence seizures.
Diagnostic value of MRI in the presurgical evaluation of patients with epilepsy: influence of field strength and sequence selection: a systematic review and meta‐analysis from the E‐PILEPSY Consortium
Authors: Rados Matea , Mouthaan Brian , Barsi Peter , Carmichael David , Heckemann Rolf A. , Kelemen Anna , Kobulashvili Teia , Kuchukhidze Giorgi , Marusic Petr , Minkin Krasimir , Tisdall Martin , Trinka Eugen , Veersema Tim , Vos Sjoerd B. , Wagner Jan , Braun Kees , van Eijsden Pieter ,   E‐PILEPSY and the ERN EPiCARE
Published: May 2022

Objective MRI is a cornerstone in presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. Despite guidelines, clinical practice varies. In light of the E‐PILEPSY pilot reference network, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis on the diagnostic value of MRI in the presurgical evaluation of epilepsy patients.

Methods We included original research articles on diagnostic value of higher MRI field strength and guideline‐recommended and additional MRI sequences in detecting an epileptogenic lesion in adult or paediatric epilepsy surgery candidates. Lesion detection rate was used as a metric in meta‐analysis.

Results Eighteen studies were included for MRI field strength and 25 for MRI sequences, none were free from bias. In patients with normal MRI at lower‐field strength, 3T improved lesion detection rate by 18% and 7T by 23%. Field strengths higher than 1.5T did not have higher lesion detection rates in patients with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). The lesion detection rate of epilepsy‐specific MRI protocols was 83% for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients. Dedicated MRI protocols and evaluation by an experienced epilepsy neuroradiologist increased lesion detection. For HS, 3DT1, T2, and FLAIR each had a lesion detection rate at around 90%. Apparent diffusion coefficient indices had a lateralizing value of 33% for TLE. DTI fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity had a localizing value of 8% and 34%.

Significance A dedicated MRI protocol and expert evaluation benefits lesion detection rate in epilepsy surgery candidates. If patients remain MRI negative, imaging at higher‐field strength may reveal lesions. In HS, apparent diffusion coefficient indices may aid lateralization and localization more than increasing field strength. DTI can add further diagnostic information. For other additional sequences, the quality and number of studies is insufficient to draw solid conclusions. Our findings may be used as evidence base for developing new high‐quality MRI studies and clinical guidelines.
Epileptic belly dancing: a video‐polygraphic recording
Authors: Trimboli Michele , Fortunato Francesco , Sturniolo Miriam , Pucci Franco , Labate Angelo , Gambardella Antonio
Published: May 2022

Content available: Video
Homophonic Translation in Early Latin and Spanish Comedy
Authors: de la Fuente Marina Beatriz
Published: May 2022

La traduction homophonique a joué un rôle considérable depuis les origines de la littérature occidentale, notamment dans des textes comiques et parodiques. A partir de deux langues différentes, elle fait jouer un ressort comique en exploitant la similitude phonétique entre certains vocables ou segments (homophonie ou parophonie), lesquels font allusion à des concepts distincts, voire opposés. Ce chapitre propose un parcours à travers un ensemble de traductions homophoniques ayant la langue latine comme langue source ou comme langue cible. En étudiant des passages de Plaute (254-184 av. J. C.) et de Bartolomé de Torres Naharro (env. 1485-1530 apr. J. C.), il s’agit de fournir des exemples de mécanismes linguistiques et culturels qui interviennent dans ce phénomène, tout en contribuant à l’exploration de ses origines littéraires et de sa transmission.
La poésie homophonique de Gertrude Stein
Authors: Alfandary Isabelle
Published: May 2022

This chapter addresses the different homophonic games Gertrude Stein intensively resorted to in her early works. Homophony is mobilized by the writer in order to translate the thing itself that language per se is unable to express. Homophony in Stein’s poetic writing is ascribed a very complex and specific function: to convey and re-member an archaic mother tongue that lies beneath the surface of articulated language.
The Geomancers’ Access
Authors: Clarke Chris
Published: May 2022

Les procédés traductifs ont joué un rôle fondamental dans la poésie expérimentale des auteurs canadiens bpNichol et Steve McCaffery. La traduction homophonique et d’autres méthodes d’écriture fondées sur la traduction inter- et intralinguistique ont ainsi été au cœur du Toronto Research Group, le projet qu’ils ont fondé en 1973. Ce chapitre se propose de montrer la place centrale que ces approches occupent dans leur travail, en mettant en avant l’importance que les poètes ont accordée à la traduction dans la création poétique. La présentation de leurs réflexions et de leurs objectifs en matière d’écriture traductive se fonde sur les premiers rapports du Toronto Research Group, qui ont été influencés par de nombreuses sources, dont le poète américain Jerome Rothenberg, inventeur du concept de « traduction totale ». Pour bpNichol et McCaffery, la traduction est un acte spatial qui consiste à déplacer des systèmes ouverts ou fermés (parfois les deux), selon la position du traducteur par rapport au texte source. Les deux poètes ont plus tard développé et illustré ces problématiques dans des œuvres telles que Translating Translating Apollinaire (1979). L’analyse de ces rapports et de ces projets fait apparaître une conception de la traduction comme outil créatif et souligne le rôle important que ces réflexions et pratiques ont joué dans le développement de l’esthétique littéraire de bpNichol et McCaffery.
La traduction homophonique et le canon musical
Authors: Bloomfield Camille
Published: May 2022

Published in 1984, Les Œuvres complètes de Lord Charles presented by John Hulme are based on a homophonic translation towards English of well-known French nursery rhymes, thus completing in an interesting way the more famous Mots d’heures gousses rames by Antin Van Rooten (1967), which worked identically with English nursery rhymes. The investigation carried out on the author as much as the analysis of this humorous text and its whimsical exegesis allow for an understanding of the work in the broader context of relations between homophonic translation and music, more specifically this form based on collective memory which are the nursery rhymes. This chapter thus contends that, in order for the play of the text to work, the latter must be pronounced with a “homophonic accent”, that is a “sound third-space” in which three languages (English, French and the language of homophony) can be heard simultaneously.
Homophonics - Self-Translation
Authors: Swensen Cole
Published: May 2022

Missing abstract
Surface translation
Authors: Fraser Ryan
Published: May 2022

Contrairement à la traduction homophonique, terme qui, au sens large, s’applique à toute traduction cherchant à faire écho au profil phonologique et phonétique du texte source, la traduction de surface semble avoir un objectif plus précis, celui d’un « faux déguisement ». Elle place le lecteur devant un amalgame linguistique qui cache (« dissimule », « masque ») dans sa matière profonde un signifiant source, dont il produit un écho monstrueux. « Monstrueux », « hyperbolique », « surdéterminée », le déguisement s’annonce « faux » dès le départ – un jeu révélé au préalable. Le texte source se transforme alors en objet de caricature, et finalement en noyau d’associations linguistiques insolites – signe grotesque et comique d’une régression cognitive et linguistique. En se référant à cinq poètes-traducteurs de la traduction de surface (Ernst Jandl, Howard Chace, Luis d’Antin van Rooten, Ormonde de Kay et John Hulme), cette chapitre propose une réflexion sur l’épistémologie comico-naïve qui conduit à cette pratique singulière de traduction, sur sa conceptualité (fortement analogue à celle du déguisement), et finalement sur ses fonctions caricaturales, grotesque et comiques.