bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Expressing S Protein of Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) Protects Chickens against IBV and NDV
Authors: Shirvani Edris , Paldurai Anandan , Manoharan Vinoth K. , Varghese Berin P. , Samal Siba K.
Published: August 2018

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes a highly contagious respiratory, reproductive and urogenital tract disease in chickens worldwide, resulting in substantial economic losses for the poultry industry. Currently, live-attenuated IBV vaccines are used to control the disease. However, safety, attenuation and immunization outcomes of current vaccines are not guaranteed. Several studies indicate that attenuated IBV vaccine strains contribute to the emergence of variant viruses in the field due to mutations and recombination. Therefore, there is a need to develop a stable and safe IBV vaccine that will not create variant viruses. In this study, we generated recombinant Newcastle disease viruses (rNDVs) expressing the S1, S2 and S proteins of IBV using reverse genetics technology. Our results showed that the rNDV expressing the S protein of IBV provided better protection than the rNDV expressing S1 or S2 protein of IBV, indicating that the S protein is the best protective antigen of IBV. Immunization of 4-week-old SPF chickens with the rNDV expressing S protein elicited IBV-specific neutralizing antibodies and provided complete protection against virulent IBV and virulent NDV challenges. These results suggest that the rNDV expressing the S protein of IBV is a safe and effective bivalent vaccine candidate for both IBV and NDV.
A superfolder variant of pH-sensitive pHluorin for in vivo pH measurements in the endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Reifenrath Mara , Boles Eckhard
Published: August 2018

Many cellular processes are regulated via pH, and maintaining the pH of different organelles is crucial for cell survival. A pH-sensitive GFP variant, the so-called pHluorin, has proven to be a valuable tool to study the pH of the cytosol, mitochondria and other organellesin vivo. We found that the fluorescence intensity of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-targeted pHluorin in the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaewas very low and barely showed pH sensitivity, probably due to misfolding in the oxidative environment of the ER. We therefore developed a superfolder variant of pHluorin which enabled us to monitor pH changes in the ER and the cytosol ofS.cerevisiae in vivo. The superfolder pHluorin variant is likely to be functional in cells of different organisms as well as in additional compartments that originate from the secretory pathway like the Golgi apparatus and pre-vacuolar compartments, and therefore has a broad range of possible future applications.
Real time in situ x-ray diffraction study of the crystalline structure modification of Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 during the post-annealing
Authors: Bauer Sondes , Rodrigues Adriana , Baumbach Tilo
Published: August 2018

We report about an in situ study of crystalline structural changes during thermal treatment of a Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (BSTO) film grown on MgO. The study covers the complete cycle of heating, annealing and cooling and reveals simultaneous phenomena of phase transitions and strain evolution, which have been characterized by in situ 2D reciprocal space mapping (2D-RSM) using high-resolution synchrotron x-ray diffraction in coplanar and grazing incidence geometries. In this way, temperature induced phase transformation from the BSTO2 to the BSTO1 phase has been monitored and the appearance of a further crystalline phase was detected. Moreover, for both BSTO phases, transitions between in-plane compressive and tensile states have been determined during thermal treatment. Furthermore, a contraction of the out-of-plane lattice components has been observed during the annealing phase while the in-plane lattice components remain leading to the change of the residual in-plane strain towards tensile state. The in situ 2D-RSM findings provide valuable and versatile insights into strain engineering and structure modification upon thermal treatment.
Design considerations for the enhancement of human color vision by breaking binocular redundancy
Authors: Gundlach Bradley S. , Frising Michel , Shahsafi Alireza , Vershbow Gregory , Wan Chenghao , Salman Jad , Rokers Bas , Lessard Laurent , Kats Mikhail A.
Published: August 2018

To see color, the human visual system combines the response of three types of cone cells in the retina—a compressive process that discards a significant amount of spectral information. Here, we present designs based on thin-film optical filters with the goal of enhancing human color vision by breaking its inherent binocular redundancy, providing different spectral content to each eye. We fabricated a set of optical filters that “splits” the response of the short-wavelength cone between the two eyes in individuals with typical trichromatic vision, simulating the presence of approximately four distinct cone types. Such an increase in the number of effective cone types can reduce the prevalence of metamers—pairs of distinct spectra that resolve to the same tristimulus values. This technique may result in an enhancement of spectral perception, with applications ranging from camouflage detection and anti-counterfeiting to new types of artwork and data visualization.
Adenosine Kinase couples sensing of cellular potassium depletion to purine metabolism
Authors: de Oliveira Renata Rocha , Morales-Neto Raphael , Rocco Silvana Aparecida , Sforça Maurício Luis , Polo Carla Cristina , Tonoli Celisa Caldana Costa , Mercaldi Gustavo Fernando , Cordeiro Artur Torres , Murakami Mário Tyago , Franchini Kleber Gomes
Published: August 2018

Adenosine Kinase (ADK) regulates the cellular levels of adenosine (ADO) by fine-tuning its metabolic clearance. The transfer of γ-phosphate from ATP to ADO by ADK involves regulation by the substrates and products, as well as by Mg2+ and inorganic phosphate. Here we present new crystal structures of mouse ADK (mADK) binary (mADK:ADO; 1.2 Å) and ternary (mADK:ADO:ADP; 1.8 Å) complexes. In accordance with the structural demonstration of ADO occupancy of the ATP binding site, kinetic studies confirmed a competitive model of auto-inhibition of ADK by ADO. In the ternary complex, a K+ ion is hexacoordinated between loops adjacent to the ATP binding site, where Asp310 connects the K+ coordination sphere to the ATP binding site through an anion hole structure. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 2D 15N-1H HSQC experiments revealed that the binding of K+ perturbs Asp310 and residues of adjacent helices 14 and 15, engaging a transition to a catalytically productive structure. Consistent with the structural data, the mutants D310A and D310P are catalytically deficient and loose responsiveness to K+. Saturation Transfer Difference spectra of ATPγS provided evidence for an unfavorable interaction of the mADK D310P mutant for ATP. Reductions in K+ concentration diminish, whereas increases enhance the in vitro activity of mADK (maximum of 2.5-fold; apparent Kd = 10.4 mM). Mechanistically, K+ increases the catalytic turnover (Kcat) but does not affect the affinity of mADK for ADO or ATP. Depletion of intracellular K+ inhibited, while its restoration was accompanied by a full recovery of cellular ADK activity. Together, this novel dataset reveals the molecular basis of the allosteric activation of ADK by K+ and highlights the role of ADK in connecting depletion of intracellular K+ to the regulation of purine metabolism.
Combined quantification of procalcitonin and HLA-DR improves sepsis detection in surgical patients
Authors: Almansa Raquel , Martín Silvia , Martin-Fernandez Marta , Heredia-Rodríguez María , Gómez-Sánchez Esther , Aragón Marta , Andrés Cristina , Calvo Dolores , Rico-Feijoo Jesus , Esteban-Velasco Maria Carmen , Vaquero-Roncero Luis Mario , Ortega Alicia , Gómez-Pesquera Estefania , Lorenzo-López Mario , de Cenarruzabeitia Iñigo López , Benavides Diana , López-Sanchez Jaime , Doncel Cristina , González-Sanchez Carmen , Zarca Esther , Ríos-Llorente Alberto , Diaz Agustín , Sanchez-Barrado Elisa , de Heredia Juan Beltran , Calvo-Vecino Jose Maria , Muñoz-Bellvís Luis , Gomez-Herreras Jose Ignacio , Aldecoa César , Tamayo Eduardo , Bermejo-Martin Jesus F.
Published: August 2018

Early recognition of sepsis is a key factor to improve survival to this disease in surgical patients, since it allows prompt control of the infectious source. Combining pro-inflammatory and immunosupression biomarkers could represent a good strategy to improve sepsis detection. Here we evaluated the combination of procalcitonin (PCT) with gene expression levels of HLA-DRA to detect sepsis in a cohort of 154 surgical patients (101 with sepsis and 53 with no infection). HLA-DRA expression was quantified using droplet digital PCR, a next-generation PCR technology. Area under the receiver operating curve analysis (AUROC) showed that the PCT/HLA-DRA ratio outperformed PCT to detect sepsis (AUROC [CI95%], p): PCT: 0.80 [0.73–0.88], <0.001; PCT/HLA-DRA: 0.85 [0.78–0.91], <0.001. In the multivariate analysis, the ratio showed a superior ability to predict sepsis compared to that of PCT (OR [CI 95%], p): PCT/HLA-DRA: 7.66 [1.82–32.29], 0.006; PCT: 4.21 [1.15–15.43] 0.030. Multivariate analysis was confirmed using a new surgical cohort with 74 sepsis patients and 21 controls: PCT/HLA-DRA: 34.86 [1.22–995.08], 0.038; PCT: 5.52 [0.40–75.78], 0.201. In conclusion, the combination of PCT with HLA-DRA is a promising strategy for improving sepsis detection in surgical patients.
Monitoring of pH changes in a live rat brain with MoS2/PAN functionalized microneedles
Authors: Zhou Jin-Xiu , Ding Fan , Tang Li-Na , Li Teng , Li Yun-Hui , Zhang Yu-Jie , Gong Hao-Yue , Li Yu-Tao , Zhang Guo-Jun
Published: August 2018

Monitoring the dynamic pH changes in vivo remains very essential to comprehend the function of pH in various physiological processes.
Highly sensitive colorimetric immunoassay for Escherichia coli O157:H7 based on probe of pseudo enzyme and dual signal amplification
Authors: Huang Haoran , Wu Zunyi , Huang Jianfeng , Zhao Guangying , Dou Wenchao
Published: August 2018

A sensitive colorimetric immunoassay was established for quantitative detection of E. coli O157:H7. Au@Pt with peroxidase-like activity was combined with flaky reduced graphene oxide to form a chromogenic probe of pseudo enzyme. HRP was modified on rGO-NR–Au@Pt and a dual signal amplification system was realized.
Highly practical and efficient preparation of aldehydes and ketones from aerobic oxidation of alcohols with an inorganic-ligand supported iodine catalyst
Authors: Zhang Mengqi , Zhai Yongyan , Ru Shi , Zang Dejin , Han Sheng , Yu Han , Wei Yongge
Published: August 2018

Herein, we divulge an efficient protocol for aerobic oxidation of alcohols with an inorganic-ligand supported iodine catalyst, (NH4)5[IMo6O24].
Probing functional self-assembled molecular architectures with solution/solid scanning tunnelling microscopy
Authors: Cui Daling , MacLeod Jennifer M. , Rosei Federico
Published: August 2018

STM is emerging as a tool to elucidate and guide the use of self-assembled molecular systems in practical applications, including small molecule device engineering, molecular recognition and sensing and electronic modification of 2D materials.
A plug and socket approach for tightening polyelectrolyte multilayers
Authors: Lin Cen , Stedronsky Erwin R. , Jordan Luke R. , Wittenberg Nathan J. , Regen Steven L.
Published: August 2018

A plug and socket approach for tightening polyelectrolyte multilayers is introduced based on the use pendant β-cyclodextrin groups.
Visible-light promoted fluoroalkylselenolation: toward the reactivity of unsaturated compounds
Authors: Ghiazza Clément , Khrouz Lhoussain , Monnereau Cyrille , Billard Thierry , Tlili Anis
Published: August 2018

α-Fluoroalkylselenolated sulfones have been readily obtained via a visible-light promoted radical addition of fluoroalkylselenyl and tosyl groups onto unsaturated substrates.
Iodine-catalyzed synthesis of N,N′-diaryl-o-phenylenediamines from cyclohexanones and anilines using DMSO and O2 as oxidants
Authors: Xiong Mingteng , Gao Zhan , Liang Xiao , Cai Pengfei , Zhu Heping , Pan Yuanjiang
Published: August 2018

An I2/DMSO system has been successfully applied to synthesize N,N′-diaryl-o-phenylenediamines from cyclohexanones for the first time.
A supramolecular hybrid material constructed from pillar[6]arene-based host–guest complexation and ZIF-8 for targeted drug delivery
Authors: Yang Kui , Yang Ke , Chao Shuang , Wen Jia , Pei Yuxin , Pei Zhichao
Published: August 2018

A well dispersive supramolecular hybrid material ZIF-8@DOX@WP6@G constructed from the host–guest complexation between carboxylated pillar[6]arene (WP6) and a galactose derivative (G), and doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded ZIF-8 has been synthesized for targeted drug delivery.
A recyclable hydroxyl functionalized polyindole hydrogel for sodium hydroxide extraction via the synergistic effect of cation–π interactions and hydrogen bonding
Authors: Chang Guanjun , Wang Yan , Wang Cheng , Li Yannan , Xu Yewei , Yang Li
Published: August 2018

We have successfully constructed a new type of recyclable indole-based hydrogel, which exhibited highly effective extraction behavior for hydroxide via the synergistic effect of cation–π interactions and hydrogen bonds.
HMTA-assisted formation of hierarchical Co-based materials built by low-dimensional substructures as water oxidation electrocatalysts
Authors: Yan Ke , Liang Zuozhong , Li Zhimin , Zhang Maolin , Huang Yunxia , Wang Yuan
Published: August 2018

We report a 3D Co-based micro-flower constructed from 2D nanosheets, which exhibits excellent OER performance.
Hydrogen storage on volleyballene
Authors: Tlahuice-Flores A.
Published: August 2018

This study is devoted to the hydrogenation of the recently predicted volleyballene (Sc20C60) compound.
The metal–ionic liquid interface as characterized by impedance spectroscopy andin situscanning tunneling microscopy
Authors: Pajkossy Tamás , Müller Claus , Jacob Timo
Published: August 2018

Electrochemical measurements including impedance spectroscopy andin situscanning tunneling microscopy were performed to study the interface between solid electrodes and ionic liquids. We could reveal that the double layer rearrangement processes are not instantaneous, but that the ions can form ordered clusters at the interface.
The impact of heteroatom substitution on cross-conjugation and its effect on the photovoltaic performance of DSSCs – a computational investigation of linear vs. cross-conjugated anchoring units
Authors: Paramasivam Mahalingavelar , Chitumalla Ramesh Kumar , Jang Joonkyung , Youk Ji Ho
Published: August 2018

The heteroatom substitution on cross conjugation takes a reverse trend to the linear π-conjugated systems by means of energy levels and photophysical properties. The resultant changes directly affecting the photovoltaic performance of DSSCs.
Softening to hardening of stretched diamondene nanotubes
Authors: Wang Lei , Cai Kun , Wei Siyu , Xie Yi Min
Published: August 2018

Diamondene nanotubes rolled from 2D diamondene exhibit a softening-to-hardening transition under axial tension.
Molecular investigation of the wettability of rough surfaces using molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Yaghoubi Hamzeh , Foroutan Masumeh
Published: August 2018

In the present study, a computational investigation on the effect of surface roughness on the wettability behavior of water nanodroplets has been performed via molecular dynamics simulation.
Theoretical discovery of novel two-dimensional VA-N binary compounds with auxiticity
Authors: Xiao Wen-Zhi , Xiao Gang , Rong Qing-Yan , Wang Ling-Ling
Published: August 2018

Novel two-dimensional VA-nitride binary compounds with a large negative Poisson's ratio and a suitable band-gap are predicted based on first-principles calculations.
Chemically addressed switching measurements in graphene electrode memristive devices using in situ XPS
Authors: Köymen Itır , Aydoğan Göktürk Pınar , Kocabaş Coşkun , Süzer Şefik
Published: August 2018

In situ measurements using XPS were performed on Pt/TiO2/TiOx/graphene structures to chemically address switching and hysteresis.
Adaptive reorientation of endothelial collectives in response to strain
Authors: Bernardi Laura , Giampietro Costanza , Marina Vita , Genta Martina , Mazza Edoardo , Ferrari Aldo
Published: August 2018

Ecs in monolayers respond to various levels of stretch with different collective reorientation that are enabled by functional cell-to-cell junctions.
Microfluidic filter device with nylon mesh membranes efficiently dissociates cell aggregates and digested tissue into single cells
Authors: Qiu Xiaolong , Lombardo Jeremy A. , Westerhof Trisha M. , Pennell Marissa , Ng Anita , Alshetaiwi Hamad , Luna Brian M. , Nelson Edward L. , Kessenbrock Kai , Hui Elliot E. , Haun Jered B.
Published: August 2018

Tissues are increasingly being analyzed at this single cell level. We present a simple and inexpensive microfluidic filter device that can rapidly and effectively improve the quality of single cell suspensions obtained from digested tissue samples.
Chromosomal aberrations, cell suppression and oxidative stress generation induced by metal oxide nanoparticles in onion (Allium cepa) bulb
Authors: Ahmed Bilal , Shahid Mohammad , Khan Mohammad Saghir , Musarrat Javed
Published: August 2018

In this work, we assess the phytotoxicity of various-sized metal oxide nanoparticles on cell cycle progression and induction of oxidative stress in onions.
Evaluation of the corrosion behavior of a TiN-coated 316L SS bipolar plate using dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Mani S. Pugal , Rikhari Bhavana , Agilan Perumal , Rajendran N.
Published: August 2018

In the present investigation, the corrosion behavior of TiN-coated 316L SS was evaluated for use in a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell using dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS).
Electrochemical synthesis andin vitrocytotoxicity study of copper(ii) carboxylates with different fatty acid alkyl chain lengths
Authors: Nordin Norazzizi , Yahaya Badrul Hisham , Yusop Muhammad Rahimi
Published: August 2018

This study examines the optimum electrolysis parameters and cytotoxic effects of Cu(ii) carboxylates with different alkyl chain fatty acid ligands.
Effect of the development of a cell barrier on nanoparticle uptake in endothelial cells
Authors: Francia Valentina , Aliyandi Aldy , Salvati Anna
Published: August 2018

Nanoparticle uptake is reduced when endothelial cells are grown to form a cell barrier.
Free-standing nanostructured vanadium pentoxide films for metal-ion batteries
Authors: Diem Achim M. , Knöller Andrea , Burghard Zaklina , Bill Joachim
Published: August 2018

Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanofibers, which can self-assemble into self-supporting, free-standing electrodes for metal-ion batteries, exhibiting high mechanical stability and electrical conductivity.
Electrocatalysis of polysulfide conversion by conductive RuO2 nano dots for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Wang Ruxing , Wang Kangli , Gao Shu , Jiang Mao , Han Jing , Zhou Min , Cheng Shijie , Jiang Kai
Published: August 2018

Highly conductive RuO2 nano dots (NDs) are taken as an efficient anchor and catalytic conversion center of polysulfides for the first time, the designed RuO2@NMCs/S ternary electrodes possess superior rate capability and ultra-long cycle life.
Responsive upconversion nanoprobe for monitoring and inhibition of EBV-associated cancersviatargeting EBNA1
Authors: Zha Shuai , Fung Yan Ho , Chau Ho-Fai , Ma Ping'an , Lin Jun , Wang Jing , Chan Lai Sheung , Zhu Guang , Lung Hong Lok , Wong Ka-Leung
Published: August 2018

Responsive emission enhancement was observed between EBNA1 and dual-function EBNA1-targeting nanoprobe UCNP-P4, monitoring and inhibition of EBV-associated tumor is achieved.
Highly sulphated cellulose: a versatile, reusable and selective desilylating agent for deprotection of alcoholic TBDMS ethers
Authors: Dachavaram Soma Shekar , Penthala Narsimha R. , Calahan Julie L. , Munson Eric J. , Crooks Peter A.
Published: August 2018

A mild, effcient protocol was developed for the deprotection of alcoholic TBDMS ethers using highly sulphated HS-cellulose sulphate catalyst, which selectively cleaves alcoholic TBDMS ethers in bis-TBDMS ethers containing both alcoholic and phenolic TBDMS ether moieties.
Synthesis of 2,2-difluoro-homoallylic alcohols via ring-opening of gem-difluorocyclopropane and aerobic oxidation by photo-irradiation in the presence of an organic pigment
Authors: Takenaka Hiroaki , Masuhara Yoshihiro , Narita Kent , Nokami Toshiki , Itoh Toshiyuki
Published: August 2018

The aerobic oxidation took place after the visible light-mediated ring-opening reaction of gem-difluorocyclopropane in the presence of an organic dye and amine to furnish 2,2-difluoro-homoallylic alcohols in good yields.
A study of the thermoelectric properties of benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene–based donor–acceptor conjugated polymers
Authors: Wang Luhai , Pan Chengjun , Chen Zhongming , Zhou Xiaoyan , Gao Chunmei , Wang Lei
Published: August 2018

Three benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene (BDT)-based donor–acceptor (D–A) conjugated polymers with different side chains were designed, synthesized, and investigated as organic thermoelectric materials.
Efficient control of ethylene–norbornene copolymerization behavior of a fluorenylamido-ligated titanium complex: substituent effects of the amido ligand and copolymer properties
Authors: Wang Huajin , Cheng Hailong , Tanaka Ryo , Shiono Takeshi , Cai Zhengguo
Published: August 2018

Copolymerization behavior of ethylene and norbornene was controlled using a (fluorenyl)(amido)titanium complex bearing a cumyl-amido ligand.
Correction: A highly selective ratiometric fluorescent probe for the cascade detection of Zn2+ and H2PO4− and its application in living cell imaging
Authors: Du Kui , Niu Shizhen , Qiao Li , Dou Yandong , Zhu Qing , Chen Xinzhi , Zhang Pengfei
Published: August 2018

Correction for ‘A highly selective ratiometric fluorescent probe for the cascade detection of Zn2+ and H2PO4− and its application in living cell imaging’ by Kui Du et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 40615–40620.
Order parameters and time evolution of mesophases in the lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal Sunset Yellow FCF by DNMR
Authors: Berart Sergio Diez , Tortora Luana , Finotello Daniele , Zupancic Blaz , Zalar Bostjan , Green Lisa , Lavrentovich Oleg D.
Published: August 2018

Uniaxial order parameters of the nematic and columnar mesophases in the lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal Sunset Yellow FCF have been determined from deuteron nuclear magnetic resonance.
An insight into the electrochemical performance of La0.5−xPrxBa0.5CoO3−δ as cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells: study of the O2-reduction reaction
Authors: Garcés D. , Wang H. , Barnett S. A. , Leyva A. G. , Napolitano F. R. , Fuentes R. O. , Troiani H. E. , Mogni L. V.
Published: August 2018

The mechanism controlling the electrode polarization resistance response was studied for new LT-SOFC cathodes with La0.5−xPrxBa0.5CoO3−δ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) compositions.
Hierarchically porous adamantane-shaped carbon nanoframes
Authors: Jeoung Sungeun , Ju In Tae , Kim Jae Hyung , Joo Sang Hoon , Moon Hoi Ri
Published: August 2018

A new type of hollow carbon material consisting of adamantane-shaped, hierarchically micro- and macro-porous N-doped carbon nanoframes was prepared by exploiting selective etching and pseudomorphic thermal conversion of ZIF-8, which showed superior adsorption performance for large dye molecules as well as electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction.
Revisiting the exomoon candidate signal around Kepler-1625 b
Authors: Rodenbeck Kai , Heller René , Hippke Michael , Gizon Laurent
Published: August 2018

Context. Transit photometry of the Jupiter-sized exoplanet candidate Kepler-1625 b has recently been interpreted as showing hints of a moon. This exomoon, the first of its kind, would be as large as Neptune and unlike any moon we know from the solar system.

Aims. We aim to clarify whether the exomoon-like signal is indeed caused by a large object in orbit around Kepler-1625 b, or whether it is caused by stellar or instrumental noise or by the data detrending procedure.

Methods. To prepare the transit data for model fitting, we explore several detrending procedures using second-, third-, and fourth-order polynomials and an implementation of the Cosine Filtering with Autocorrelation Minimization (CoFiAM). We then supply a light curve simulator with the co-planar orbital dynamics of the system and fit the resulting planet–moon transit light curves to the Kepler data. We employ the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) to assess whether a single planet or a planet–moon system is a more likely interpretation of the light curve variations. We carry out a blind hare-and-hounds exercise using many noise realizations by injecting simulated transits into different out-of-transit parts of the original Kepler-1625 light curve: (1) 100 sequences with three synthetic transits of a Kepler-1625 b-like Jupiter-size planet and (2) 100 sequences with three synthetic transits of a Kepler-1625 b-like planet with a Neptune-sized moon.

Results. The statistical significance and characteristics of the exomoon-like signal strongly depend on the detrending method (polynomials versus cosines), the data chosen for detrending, and the treatment of gaps in the light curve. Our injection-retrieval experiment shows evidence of moons in about 10% of those light curves that do not contain an injected moon. Strikingly, many of these false-positive moons resemble the exomoon candidate, that is, a Neptune-sized moon at about 20 Jupiter radii from the planet. We recover between about one third and one half of the injected moons, depending on the detrending method, with radii and orbital distances broadly corresponding to the injected values.

Conclusions. A ΔBIC of − 4.9 for the CoFiAM-based detrending is indicative of an exomoon in the three transits of Kepler-1625 b. This solution, however, is only one out of many and we find very different solutions depending on the details of the detrending method. We find it concerning that the detrending is so clearly key to the exomoon interpretation of the available data of Kepler-1625 b. Further high-accuracy transit observations may overcome the effects of red noise but the required amount of additional data might be large.
Luminosity functions of cluster galaxies
Authors: De Propris Roberto , Bremer Malcolm N. , Phillipps Steven
Published: August 2018

We derive NUV luminosity functions for 6471 NUV detected galaxies in 28 0.02 < z < 0.08 clusters and consider their dependence on cluster properties. We consider optically red and blue galaxies and explore how their NUV LFs vary in several cluster subsamples, selected to best show the influence of environment. Our composite LF is well fit by the Schechter form with M*NUV = −18.98 ± 0.07 and α = −1.87 ± 0.03 in good agreement with values for the Coma centre and the Shapley supercluster, but with a steeper slope and brighter L* than in Virgo. The steep slope is due to the contribution of massive quiescent galaxies that are faint in the NUV. There are significant differences in the NUV LFs for clusters having low and high X-ray luminosities and for sparse and dense clusters, though none are particularly well fitted by the Schechter form, making a physical interpretation of the parameters difficult. When splitting clusters into two subsamples by X-ray luminosity, the ratio of low to high NUV luminosity galaxies is higher in the high X-ray luminosity subsample (i.e., the luminosity function is steeper across the sampled luminosity range). In subsamples split by surface density, when characterised by Schechter functions the dense clusters have an M* about a magnitude fainter than that of the sparse clusters and α is steeper (−1.9 vs. −1.6, respectively). The differences in the data appear to be driven by changes in the LF of blue (star-forming) galaxies. This appears to be related to interactions with the cluster gas. For the blue galaxies alone, the luminosity distributions indicate that for high LX and high velocity dispersion cluster subsamples (i.e., the higher mass clusters), there are relatively fewer high UV luminosity galaxies (or correspondingly a relative excess of low UV luminosity galaxies) in comparison the lower mass cluster subsamples.
Natural Qubit Matrix of Primary Elements of Matter
Authors: Machusky Eugene
Published: August 2018

The arithmetic limits of natural bit calculations are strictly established. The natural quantum metric system has been developed. Only seven scaling units that generate thirteen invariant values are necessary and sufficient for an accurate estimation and a mutual coordination of the fundamental constants of quantum physics. For the first time, the calibration constants of quantum physics were obtained, calculated and identified analytically with almost an absolute accuracy, which is limited only by a bit capacity of a computer. The basic constants of quantum physics are, in fact, the dynamic parameters of the functional relationships of the transcendental numbers PI and E with natural numbers, which draw a holographic picture of the motion of spherical wave fronts.
Algorithm for Numerical Solution of Diffraction Problem on the Joint of Two Open Three-Layer Waveguides
Authors: Divakov Dmitriy , Tiutiunnik Anastasiia , Sevastianov Anton
Published: August 2018

This paper describes the algorithm for the numerical solution of the diffraction problem of waveguide modes at the joint of two open planar waveguides. For planar structures under consideration, we can formulate a scalar diffraction problem, which is a boundary value problem for the Helmholtz equation with a variable coefficient in two-dimensional space. The eigenmode problem for an open three-layer waveguide is the Sturm-Liouville problem for a second-order operator with piecewise constant potential on the axis, where the potential is proportional to the refractive index. The described problem is singular and has a mixed spectrum and therefore the Galerkin method can not be used in this definition. One way to adapt the Galerkin method for the problem solution is to artificially limit the area, which is equivalent to placing the open waveguide in question in a hollow closed waveguide whose boundaries are remote from the real boundaries of the waveguide layer of the open waveguide. Thus, we obtain a diffraction problem on a finite interval and with a discrete spectrum, which can be solved by the projection method, as done in this paper.
Development of Rigid Polyurethane Foam (RPUF) for Imitation Wood Blown by Distilled Water and Cyclopentane (CP)
Authors: Boonachathong Ratchanon , Kaewnok Bordin , Widjaja Halim , Amornraksa Suksun
Published: August 2018

Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) used for imitation wood is typically prepared by using 1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b) as a blowing agent. However, this chemical is a hydrofluorocarbon which severely causes ozone depletion to the atmosphere. In this study, a more environmental-friendly RPUF was prepared by using distilled water and cyclopentane (CP) as alternative blowing agent. Several properties of the prepared RPUF were investigated and measured such as density (kg/m3), surface hardness (Durometer, type D), and glass transition temperature (°C) using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). It was found that when the amount of blowing agents decreased, the foam density was increased as well as the surface hardness. The developed RPUF with CP co-blown has higher surface hardness and glass transition temperature compare to pure water-blown RPUF at the same density (353 kg/m3). And the new RPUF produced has a good potential to substitute for a conventional RPUF.
Dossier : La fabrique de la compensation écologique : controverses et pratiques – La compensation écologique : fondements épistémiques et reconfigurations technoscientifiques
Authors: Devictor Vincent
Published: August 2018

La compensation écologique s’appuie sur des hypothèses scientifiques dont les fondements épistémologiques demeurent souvent implicites. Le but de cet article est d’expliciter la manière dont l’écologie scientifique et les politiques d’aménagement posent le problème de la compensation des entités écologiques. Le bien-fondé de deux enjeux fondamentaux est analysé : la question de l’équivalence entre deux entités écologiques et celle du référentiel spatio-temporel pour mesurer la dynamique de ces entités. L’analyse d’un cas d’étude mobilisant le calcul d’une équivalence entre des pertes et des gains de biodiversité est proposée. Nous montrons comment le calcul des équivalences impose un espace-temps étranger aux dynamiques écologiques. Cet article propose de comprendre la compensation comme une prise en charge technoscientifique des problèmes écologiques. Cette approche facilite l’intégration des enjeux de biodiversité dans une politique d’aménagement en contournant la spécificité et la complexité des dynamiques écologiques.
Stimmlippenknötchen
Authors: Nawka Tadeus
Published: August 2018

Eine zu hohe Stimmbelastung kann zu Stimmlippenknötchen führen, einer subepithelialen Schwellung des Stimmlippenrandes. Die Therapie erfolgt aufeinander
aufbauend durch Stimmruhe, Stimmübungen und Phonochirurgie mit anschließenden Stimm- oder Gesangsübungen.
Unter welchen Bedingungen ist eine ambulante Tonsillektomie sicher?
Authors: Wilhelm Thomas
Published: August 2018

Morris S et al. Overnight in-hospital observation following tonsillectomy: retrospective study of post-operative intervention. J Laryngol Otol 2018; 132: 46–52

Die Sicherheit der ambulanten oder tagesklinischen Tonsillektomie ist gut dokumentiert. Allerdings existieren keine evidenzbasierten Leitlinien, die empfehlen, bei bestimmten Patienten keine ambulante Tonsillektomie auszuführen. Daher wollten australische Ärzte herausfinden, unter welchen Umständen eine ambulante Tonsillektomie als unsicher angesehen werden kann.
The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Markers Related to Endothelial Function Among Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials
Authors: Tabrizi Reza , Vakili Sina , Lankarani Kamran , Akbari Maryam , Jamilian Mehri , Mahdizadeh Zahra , Mirhosseini Naghmeh , Asemi Zatollah
Published: August 2018

This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted to summarize the effect of vitamin D supplementation on endothelial function among people with metabolic syndrome and related disorders. Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science database were searched to identify related RCTs published up 20th May 2018. To check heterogeneity a Q-test and I2 statistics were used. Data were pooled by using the random-effect model and standardized mean difference (SMD) was considered as summary effect size. Twenty-two trials of 931 potential citations were found to be eligible for current meta-analysis. The pooled findings by using random effects model indicated that vitamin D supplementation to individuals with MetS and related disorders significantly increased flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) (SMD=1.10; 95% CI, 0.38, 1.81, p=0.003). However, it did not affect pulse-wave velocity (PWV) (SMD=0.04; 95% CI, –0.25, 0.33, p=0.80) and augmentation index (AI) (SMD=0.07; 95% CI, –0.25, 0.40; p=0.65). Overall, this meta-analysis demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation to patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders resulted in an improvement in FMD, but did not influence PWV and AI.
Increased Numbers of Circulating Tumor Cells in Thyroid Cancer Patients
Authors: Ehlers Margret , Allelein Stephanie , Schwarz Franziska , Hautzel Hubertus , Kuebart Anne , Schmidt Mathias , Haase Matthias , Dringenberg Till , Schott Matthias
Published: August 2018

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been shown to be a valuable prognostic marker for different solid cancers. Within the present study we quantified CTCs in thyroid cancer (TC) patients. Special focus was given to disease-free PTC patients with undetectable serum thyroglobulin (Tg) levels. Altogether, 67 TC patients (33 papillary, 20 follicular, 14 medullary) were included in the study. CTC numbers, which were normalized to 3.3×105 peripheral blood mononuclear cells, were correlated with clinical outcome. TC patients had significantly higher CTC numbers compared to controls. The number of CTCs correlated to the initial tumor stage. Importantly, in comparison to controls, differentiated TC patients with serum Tg levels<0.3 ng/ml (no evidence of tumor recurrence) revealed a significantly higher amount of CTCs, also associated to their former tumor stage. Regarding the tumor-free papillary TC (PTC) patients the number of CTCs additionally correlated to the time point of radioiodine (RI) therapy: PTC patients with RI therapies>8 years before CTC measurement had significantly higher CTC numbers compared to those with RI therapy<8 years ago. We found a clear correlation between the number of CTCs and the tumor stage. Importantly, PTC patients who are in remission may still have increased numbers of CTCs. Follow-up analyses in these patients will reveal whether these data will have a clinical impact.
Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung im Koalitionsvertrag: Eine qualitative Analyse
Authors: von Philipsborn Peter , Drees Simon , Geffert Karin , Krisam Mathias , Nohl-Deryk Pascal , Stratil Jan
Published: August 2018

Hintergrund Die Förderung gesunder Lebensbedingungen hat in der Vergangenheit wesentlich zur Verlängerung der gesunden Lebenszeit der Bevölkerung in Deutschland und weltweit beigetragen. Trotz dieser Forschritte führen in Deutschland vermeidbare verhaltens-, umwelt- und berufsbedingte Risikofaktoren weiterhin zu einer erheblichen Krankheitslast. Viele dieser Risikofaktoren werden maßgeblich von Rahmensetzungen auf politischer Ebene beeinflusst. Der am 14. März 2018 beschlossene Koalitionsvertrag zwischen CDU, CSU und SPD gibt Anhaltspunkte zu entsprechenden Prioritätensetzungen und Vorhaben der Bundesregierung.

Methodik Der Koalitionsvertrag zwischen CDU, CSU und SPD wurde mittels einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse auf Inhalte mit Bezug zu Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung untersucht. Die Ergebnisse werden tabellarisch und narrativ dargestellt und vor dem Hintergrund der wissenschaftlichen Evidenzlage und des politischen Kontexts diskutiert.

Ergebnisse Im Koalitionsvertrag werden diverse Maßnahmen zur Stärkung der Prävention im Allgemeinen, der Prävention spezifischer Krankheiten und Krankheitsgruppen sowie zur Reduktion von verhaltens-, umwelt- und berufsbedingten Risikofaktoren diskutiert. Vorgesehen ist unter anderen eine Evaluation und Weiterentwicklung des Präventionsgesetzes, ein Ausbau der Präventionsforschung, die Entwicklung einer nationalen Adipositas-Strategie sowie Maßnahmen zur Erhöhung der Impfquoten.

Diskussion Die umfassende Verankerung von Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung im Koalitionsvertrag ist begrüßenswert. Ein Abgleich mit Empfehlungen relevanter Fachgesellschaften zeigt jedoch, dass eine Reihe wichtiger Handlungsfelder unerwähnt bleiben. Hierzu zählen unter anderen die Regulierung der Werbung für Tabak und Alkohol sowie steuerpolitische Maßnahmen. Zudem bleiben viele Aussagen im Koalitionsvertrag vage. Damit es zur Umsetzung wirkungsvoller Maßnahmen kommt, wird es der Aufmerksamkeit und politischen Drucks von Seiten der wissenschaftlichen Fachgemeinschaft, zivilgesellschaftlicher Organisationen, der Medien sowie der Regierungs- und Oppositionsfraktionen im Bundestag bedürfen. Die im Koalitionsvertrag vorgesehene Zwischenevaluation zur Mitte der Legislaturperiode kann Wissenschaft, Politik und Zivilgesellschaft Anlass geben, die bis dahin erfolgten Umsetzungsleistungen kritisch zu prüfen.
Clinical Assessment and Management of Portal Hypertension
Authors: Kibrit Jacob , Khan Ruben , Jung Barbara , Koppe Sean
Published: August 2018

The development of portal hypertension in a patient with cirrhosis portends a poor prognosis. Untreated or progressive portal hypertension has serious clinical outcomes, which are often fatal. It is important to recognize portal hypertension early to delay progression and to treat complications of portal hypertension as they arise. This review will focus on the clinical assessment and management of portal hypertension.
Endovascular Treatment for Variceal Hemorrhage: TIPS, BRTO, and Combined Approaches
Authors: Pandhi Mithil , Khabbaz Ramzy , Gaba Ron , Lipnik Andrew
Published: August 2018

Variceal hemorrhage is a feared complication of portal hypertension, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Optimal management requires a thoughtful, multidisciplinary approach. In cases of refractory or recurrent esophageal hemorrhage, endovascular approaches such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) have a well-defined role. For hemorrhage related to gastric varices, the optimal treatment remains to be established; however, there is increasing adoption of balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO). This article will review the concept, history, patient selection, basic technique, and outcomes for TIPS, BRTO, and combined TIPS + BRTO procedures for variceal hemorrhage.
Hepatorenal Syndrome: Physiology, Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Chmielewski Joseph , Lewandowski Robert , Maddur Haripriya
Published: August 2018

Individuals with end-stage liver disease are susceptible to a myriad of highly morbid complications, including hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). This specific type of renal dysfunction in patients with underlying liver disease occurs in pathophysiologically normal kidneys and is a result of renal vasoconstriction secondary to diminished renal blood flow in the setting of worsening hepatic dysfunction. Liver transplantation is curative; shortage of available organs limits access to this beneficial therapy. Medical management of HRS has demonstrated increasing promise. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation has also been shown to be efficacious in enhancing transplant-free survival, although further study is advisable before widespread implementation of this strategy.
Acute Portal Vein Thrombosis: Current Trends in Medical and Endovascular Management
Authors: Seedial Stephen , Mouli Samdeep , Desai Kush
Published: August 2018

Acute portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a relatively rare diagnosis with a nonspecific clinical presentation. Imaging plays an important role in establishing the diagnosis as well as the etiology and complications of acute PVT. Prompt diagnosis is essential to prevent catastrophic short-term complications including bowel infarction, sepsis, and possible death; missed diagnosis can also result in the long-term sequelae of portal hypertension. Differentiation of acute from chronic PVT is crucial as management strategies differ. Currently, guidelines for treating acute PVT recommend immediate initiation of systemic anticoagulation. Catheter-directed therapy may be used in combination with systemic anticoagulation in the setting of bowel ischemia or as an adjunct in patients with a contraindication to systemic anticoagulation. In this review article, we discuss the diagnosis and clinical features of acute PVT, focusing on current medical and endovascular management strategies including mechanical thrombectomy and fibrinolytic therapy.
New Techniques and Devices in Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Placement
Authors: RiChard Jamie , Thornburg Bartley
Published: August 2018

Recently, new techniques and devices in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement have emerged that can improve upon the standard procedure. Ultrasound guidance during TIPS with intracardiac echocardiography (ICE), placement of controlled expansion (CX) stents, and portal vein recanalization (PVR) via transsplenic access are three techniques with new data supporting their implementation. ICE guidance can improve the technical success of difficult cases, decrease procedure time, and decrease complications such as capsular puncture, hemobilia, and hepatic artery injury. CX stents offer the operator better control over the final portosystemic gradient, which is particularly useful in patients with a high risk of post-TIPS hepatic encephalopathy. Finally, transsplenic access provides a stable, antegrade route for PVR, which can be used to optimize transplant candidacy as well as treat the sequelae of portal hypertension in patients with portal vein thrombosis. This article will describe the benefits, technical parameters, and patient selection criteria for each of these new techniques.
Similar Outcome, but Different Surgical Requirement in Conversion Total Knee Arthroplasty following High Tibial Osteotomy and Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lee Yong Seuk , Kim Hyun Jung , Mok Su Jung , Lee O-Sung
Published: August 2018

The present systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to find out how effective any subsequent conversion total knee arthroplasty (TKA) would be after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and which is better in outcomes. A rigorous and systematic approach was used. Each of the selected studies was evaluated for methodological quality. Data were extracted by the following standardized protocol: study design, level of evidence, cases enrolled, age, sex ratio, follow-up, kind of index surgery, type of index surgery, average time to failure, mode of failure, surgical data, preclinical score, post-clinical score, and major related complications. Nineteen articles were included in the final analysis. In conversion TKA following UKA, revision components (metal augment, bone graft, and stem) were frequently used, and thicker polyethylene was used comparing to the primary TKA. In the conversion TKA following HTO, only stem was more common (relative risk of revision component UKA:HTO = 0.57:0.07). The estimated range of motions (ROM) of conversion TKA following HTO and UKA was 107.75° (101.93–113.58°) and 111.84° (108.41–115.26°), respectively (p > 0.05). The knee scores of conversion TKA following HTO and UKA were 89.10 (86.45, 91.75) and 85.48 (79.82, 91.14), respectively (p > 0.05). The function scores were 78.60 (72.44, 84.76) and 75.60 (69.85, 81.35), respectively (p > 0.05). Clinical outcome was similar between conversion TKA following HTO and UKA. However, conversion TKA after UKA required more revision components and thicker polyethylene, while conversion TKA after HTO sometimes required a stem to bypass the osteotomy gap.
Non-Nutritive Sucking in the Preterm Infant
Authors: Dewey Kelsey , Jacobsen Amy , Smith Joan , Pineda Roberta
Published: August 2018

Objective To identify the progression of non-nutritive sucking (NNS) across postmenstrual age (PMA) and to investigate the relationship of NNS with medical and social factors and oral feeding.

Study Design Fifty preterm infants born at ≤32 weeks gestation had NNS assessed weekly starting at 32 weeks PMA with the NTrainer System. Oral feeding was assessed at 38 weeks PMA.

Results There were increases in NNS bursts per minute (p = 0.005), NNS per minute (p < 0.0001), NNS per burst (p < 0.001), and peak pressure (p = 0.0003) with advancing PMA. Level of immaturity and medical complications were related to NNS measures (p < 0.05). NNS measures were not related to Neonatal Oral Motor Assessment Scale scores. Smaller weekly change in NNS peak pressure (p = 0.03; β = –1.4) was related to feeding success at 38 weeks PMA.

Conclusion Infants demonstrated NNS early in gestation. Variability in NNS scores could reflect medical complications and immaturity. More stable sucking pressure across time was related to feeding success at 38 weeks PMA.