bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PLANT GROWTH POTENTIAL OF SALT TOLERANT ENDOPHYTE Pseudomonas Sihuiensis ISOLATED FROM CHICKPEA
Authors:   Department of Biosciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh, Sikar, Rajasthan, India, Joshi Navneet , Choudhary Laxmi ,   Department of Biosciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh, Sikar, Rajasthan, India, Sharma Kanti Prakash ,   Department of Biosciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh, Sikar, Rajasthan, India, Iqbal Hafiz M.N. ,   Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
Published: April 2021

Bacterial endosymbionts are well characterized for plant growth promotion. In this study, the root, nodules, and stem of the Cicer arietinum crop planted in a semi-arid zone were used as a source to isolate potential plant growth bacteria. The ability to grow under salt stress was determined, and the potential isolate was screened for plant growth promotion traits. The selected isolate was identified by the 16S rDNA method. Pot trials were conducted to know the ability of the isolate to promote plant growth in-vivo. Among various isolates obtained, a bacterial isolate obtained from root showed the ability to grow in the presence of 10 % Sodium fluoride (NaF). The isolate produced Indole Acetic acid in an amount of 72 mg per liter in production medium. The bacteria solubilized phosphate and produce exopolysaccharide (2.12 g per liter). The isolate was identified as Pseudomonas sihuiensis. The result of pot trials reveals that the endophyte promotes plant growth under stress conditions and may be used as a bio-fertilizer.
Los estudios sobre el conflicto armado y la construcción de paz en Colombia desde una perspectiva territorial: abordajes y desafíos
Authors: Rojas-Granada Cristian , Cuesta-Borja Reinaldo
Published: April 2021

This paper presents a critical analysis of the recent literature on the armed conflict and the peace building in the Colombian context; from a territorial perspective. Scientific journal databases were consulted, using a combination of the words territory, armed conflict, and peace; the results since 2008 were considered for the analysis. It was found that this type of studies has addressed the symbolic dimension of territory to analyze aspects such as forced displacement, territorial resistance in contexts of armed conflict, which were created to be peace initiatives by the communities affected by violence, and the study of the territorial transformations produced by the armed conflict. The study identified pieces of research focused on the analysis of territorial management in relation to the armed conflict and as an important tool for peace building. This paper concludes by highlighting the challenges revealed by the studies in this field in the current context.
A cross-sectional study to assess lipid profile & atherogenic index of plasma in premenopausal & post menopausal women in rural Telangana
Authors: Jabeen Ayesha , Rahman Amtul , Ravirala Tagore
Published: April 2021

: Menopause is associated with various hormonal changes which are accountable for the dyslipidemic pattern seen in postmenopausal women. This deranged lipid profile in postmenopausal women is indicative of their susceptibility to various cardiovascular diseases.

: The aim of the study is to estimate and compare serum lipid profile and Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) among premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Mahavir institute of medical sciences (MIMS), Vikarabad for a period of 3 months.

Fasting samples were collected from 100 healthy female volunteers of which 50 were premenopausal women and the other 50 were postmenopausal women. Lipid profile was performed on all samples and AIP was calculated.

Carried out in the two groups using paired t tests. Results were expressed as mean ±SD. p value of < 0.05 was considered to be significant.

: Total cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TAG), Low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were statistically significantly increased in postmenopausal women as compared to premenopausal women. Atherogenic index plasma (AIP) was elevated in postmenopausal women’s group.

Lipid profile screening should be mandatory in postmenopausal women as the hormonal disturbances make them more vulnerable to cardiovascular diseases and its associated complications.
Serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and gamma glutamyl transferase levels in patients with breast carcinoma
Authors: Mahmood Shaikh , Phaneendra D S Jagannadha , Deepak C S N
Published: April 2021

Cancer also known as malignant neoplasm, is a broad group of various diseases. In cancer, cells divide and grow uncontrollably, forming malignant tumours, and invade nearby parts of the body. There are over 200 different known cancers that afflict humans. Malignant neoplastic lesions are the eighth leading cause accounting for 6.7% of the total medically certified deaths in India. Breast cancer is by far the most frequent cancer among women with an estimated 2.58 million new cancer cases diagnosed in 2019 (23% of all cancers), and ranks second overall (10.9% of all cancers). It is now the most common cancer both in developed and developing regions with around 690000 new cases estimated in each region (population ratio1:4). Breast cancer is the Most Common cancer in all urban areas in India, and 2nd most common in the rural areas. The most recent data Population Based Cancer Registry PBCR 2016 - 2018 tells us that breast cancer accounts for 25% to 31% of all cancers in women in cities(Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Bhopal etc.). Breast cancer alone accounts for around 14% of total female neoplasm deaths.
Study of thyroid profile in relation to glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Anveetha Penugonda , Krishna Chittimoju Vamsi
Published: April 2021

Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine metabolic disorder that causes significant morbidity and mortality around the world. Thyroid gland dysfunction is a significant problem in diabetic patients. In diabetics, hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid abnormality. When compared to healthy people, diabetic patients have a higher incidence of thyroid abnormalities. Diabetes mellitus treatment can be complicated due to irregular thyroid activity.

A total of 120 people were studied, with 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (Cases group) and 60 healthy people (Control group). Patients with and without strong diabetic control are represented in 60 cases. Both subjects had their fasting venous blood samples taken. In both the cases and control groups, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, serum T3 (Triiodothyronine), serum T4 (Thyroxine), and serum TSH (Thyroid-stimulating hormone) were measured.

The thyroid abnormality was significantly seen in diabetic patients when compared to healthy individuals. The abnormality was more significant in patients with poor glycemic control. When comparing cases to controls, mean serum TSH levels were significantly higher, whereas mean serum T3 and T4 levels were significantly lower.

Thyroid hormone levels in type 2 diabetics are abnormal due to a change in the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis. This in turn produces significant metabolic disturbances. This is more significant in diabetics with poor glycemic control. Routine screening for thyroid function should be done in diabetics, which helps in preventing complications. This contributes to improved treatment by lowering morbidity and improving quality of life.
Benefits of green chemistry
Authors: Ravichandran S , Madhumitha Sri R M , Suneetha T B
Published: April 2021

Our living standard rose after the industrial revolution. Chemistry has brought about medical revolution in the middle of 20th century in which drugs and antibiotics might have discovered. The world’s food supply also increased enormously due to the discovery of new hybrid varieties, improved methods of farming, better and quality seeds, use of insecticides, herbicides and fertilizers. The quality of life on earth became much better due to the discovery of dyes, plastics, cosmetics and medicines. Soon, the ill effects of chemistry also became pronounced, main among them being the pollution of land, water and atmosphere. This is caused mainly due to the effects of byproducts of chemical industries, which are being discharged into the air, water and land. The use of toxic reactants and reagents also make the situation worse. Chemical industry developed many products that facilitate life, to extend human life. Industrial revolution has brought increased production but also waste material made to be consumed rapidly. As on today, maximum pollution to the environment is caused by numerous chemical industries. Therefore, attempts have been made to design synthesis for manufacturing processes in such a way that the waste products are minimum, Sustainability has spread in waves with the slogan in the end of 20th century. Chemical industry using the principles of green chemistry began to take measures relating to sustainability and the environment. For a continually growing population and restricted resources in a sustainable future in a world where the idea of development in the 21st century is one of the biggest challenges of green chemistry. Our scientific research must work for the welfare of our people. One of the best ways is to increase the direct interface of science with society. We need to strengthen our policies, regulations, investments and management to achieve our sustainable goals. In order to attain Sustainable Development, we have to bridge our traditional knowledge and Modern Science. It is significant to understand the principles of green chemistry to leave a livable world for future generations. Green chemistry represents the pillars that hold up our sustainable future. It is clear that many industries and research of many academics recognize the significance of green chemistry. The Green Chemistry is making us all to build a more sustainable, safer, progressive and prosperous mother planet for all humanity.
Tunable LiNbO3-based diffractive optical element for the control of transverse modes of a laser beam
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Esin A.A. , Akhmatkhanov A.R. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Pavelyev V.S. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Shur V.Y. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin
Published: April 2021

A diffractive optical element based on a nonlinear-optical ferroelectric single crystal has been proposed, synthesized, and experimentally characterized. The element allows fast modulation of transverse modes of a Gaussian laser beam.
Indication of long-term changes in the vegetation of abandoned agricultural lands for the forest-steppe zone using NDVI time series
Authors:   Belgorod State University, Terekhin E.A.
Published: April 2021

The paper presents results of the analysis of long-term changes in the vegetation cover of abandoned agricultural lands in the forest-steppe zone of the Central Chernozem Region using time series of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which are measured using MOD13Q1 data. The vegetation index dynamics linked with the proportion of forest communities formed on the abandoned agricultural lands is investigated. The index values for the period of mid-August are the most informative for analyzing the share of forest communities growing on the abandoned agricultural land. Abandoned agricultural lands with coniferous forests have a higher correlation with NDVI than fallows with deciduous species. In the period 2000-2018, for all types of abandoned arable lands, the presence of a positive statistically significant trend component of the vegetation index long-term series is established. Using a slope angle coefficient of the NDVI trend line, a spatio-temporal analysis of the rate of formation of forest stands in the forest-steppe fallows at the beginning of the XXI century was carried out. Features of this process are studied.
An algorithm for detecting events in video EEG monitoring data of patients with craniocerebral injuries
Authors:   Federal Research Center ", Murashov D.M. ,   Computer Science and Control",   of Russian Academy of Sciences, Obukhov Y.V. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kershner I.A. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Sinkin M.V. ,   Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department
Published: April 2021

One of the problems solved by analyzing the data of long-term Video EEG monitoring is the differentiation of epileptic and artifact events. For this, not only multichannel EEG signals are used, but also video data analysis, since traditional methods based on the analysis of EEG wavelet spectrograms cannot reliably distinguish an epileptic seizure from a chewing artifact. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for detecting artifact events based on a joint analysis of the level of the optical flow and the ridges of wavelet spectrograms. The preliminary results of the analysis of real clinical data are given. The results show the possibility in principle of reliable distinguishing non-epileptic events from epileptic seizures.
Hyperspectral data compression based upon the principal component analysis
Authors:   RSC Kurchatov Institute, Minkin A.S. , Nikolaeva O.V. ,   Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Russkov A.A. ,   Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS
Published: April 2021

The paper is aimed at developing an algorithm of hyperspectral data compression that combines small losses with high compression rate. The algorithm relies on a principal component analysis and a method of exhaustion. The principal components are singular vectors of an initial signal matrix, which are found by the method of exhaustion. A retrieved signal matrix is formed in parallel. The process continues until a required retrieval error is attained. The algorithm is described in detail and input and output parameters are specified. Testing is performed using AVIRIS data (Airborne Visible-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer). Three images of differently looking sky (clear sky, partly clouded sky, and overcast skies) are analyzed. For each image, testing is performed for all spectral bands and for a set of bands from which high water-vapour absorption bands are excluded. Retrieval errors versus compression rates are presented. The error formulas include the root mean square deviation, the noise-to-signal ratio, the mean structural similarity index, and the mean relative deviation. It is shown that the retrieval errors decrease by more than an order of magnitude if spectral bands with high gas absorption are disregarded. It is shown that the reason is that weak signals in the absorption bands are measured with great errors, leading to a weak dependence between the spectra in different spatial pixels. A mean cosine distance between the spectra in different spatial pixels is suggested to be used to assess the image compressibility.
Digital analysis of a speckle pattern of chaotic mode composition and restoration of a regular intensity pattern after a multimode fiber
Authors:   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Volyar A.V. , Bretsko M.V. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Akimova Y.E. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Egorov Y.A. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
Published: April 2021

A process of mode matching in a chaotic speckle pattern without a reference beam responsible for the formation of a holographic grating was studied experimentally and theoretically. Our approach was based on measuring the amplitudes and phases of the Hermite-Gauss (HG) and Laguerre-Gauss (LG) modes in a speckle pattern formed by the radiation of a multimode gradient fiber. The speckle pattern was formed in a hologram of a spatial light modulator using a multimode gradient fiber model while taking into account the mode and polarization dispersion, as well as random phase jumps of each eigenmode. We managed to match 210 modes of the speckle pattern and restore not only the original pattern, but also each structured LG mode and the entire chain of HG eigenmodes.
Astigmatic transformation of a set of edge dislocations embedded in a Gaussian beam
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kotlyar V.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Kovalev A.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Nalimov A.G. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: April 2021

It is theoretically shown how a Gaussian beam with a finite number of parallel lines of intensity nulls (edge dislocations) is transformed using a cylindrical lens into a vortex beam that carries orbital angular momentum (OAM) and has a topological charge (TC). In the initial plane, this beam already carries OAM, but does not have TC, which appears as the beam propagates further in free space. Using an example of two parallel lines of intensity nulls symmetrically located relative to the origin, we show the dynamics of the formation of two intensity nulls at the double focal length: as the distance between the vertical lines of intensity nulls is being increased, two optical vortices are first formed on the horizontal axis, before converging to the origin and then diverging on the vertical axis. At any distance between the zero-intensity lines, the optical vortex has the topological charge TC=–2, which conserves at any on-axis distance, except the initial plane. When the distance between the zero-intensity lines changes, the OAM that the beam carries also changes. It can be negative, positive, and at a certain distance between the lines of intensity nulls OAM can be equal to zero. It is also shown that for an unlimited number of zero-intensity lines, a beam with finite OAM and an infinite TC is formed.
The investigation of the features of focusing vortex super-Gaussian beams with a variable-height diffractive axicon
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Savelyev D.A. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: April 2021

Spatial intensity distributions of the Laguerre-superGauss modes (1,0) as well as a super-Gaussian beam with radial and circular polarization were investigated versus changes in the height of a diffractive axicon. The height of the relief of the optical element varied from 0.25λ to 3λ. The modeling by a finite-difference time-domain method showed that variations in the height of the diffractive axicon significantly affect the diffraction pattern in the near field of the axicon. The smallest focal spot size for a super-Gaussian beam was obtained for radial polarization at a height equal to two wavelengths. The minimum size of the focal spot for the Laguerre-superGauss mode (1,0) was obtained for circular "–" polarization with an element height equal to a quarter of the wavelength.
VALORAÇÃO DOS SERVIÇOS ECOSSISTÊMICOS DO USO DA TERRA NA SUB-BACIA DO RIO JACARÉ, SERGIPE
Authors: Fernandes Milton Marques , Silva Diego Araujo Oliveira , Barbosa Bruno Aquitofel , Xavier Bruno Damasceno , Andrade Daniel Caixeta
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho objetivou analisar a dinâmica do uso e cobertura da terra nos anos de 2013 e 2017 na -bacia do rio Jacaré, SE, buscando-se a valoração monetária dos seus serviços ecossistêmicos. Delimitou-se a bacia do rio Jacaré e, para análise do uso e cobertura da terra, utilizou-se imagens Landsat-8, sensor OLI, dos anos de 2013 e 2017. Para a valoração ecossistêmica das classes, pautou-se nos valores monetários conforme metodologia que classifica o valor dos biomas mais representativos, utilizados como proxy para o valor de cada categoria de uso da terra. Em 2013, o maior uso da terra foi a pastagem, com 55,8%, já em 2017, mais de 50% das áreas estavam florestadas (Regeneração natural e Caatinga) e 20% delas com solo exposto, o que sugeriu que a bacia está em processo de desertificação. As classes Caatinga, Regeneração natural e Pastagem correspondem a cerca de 99% e 98% dos valores dos serviços ecossistêmicos de 2013 e 2017, respectivamente. Portanto, houve um aumento de aproximadamente 23% no valor dos serviços ecossistêmicos, que é equivalente a US$ 30,71 milhões. Conclui-se que houve incremento nos percentuais das áreas florestadas e de solos expostos. O serviço ecossistêmico ciclagem de nutrientes foi o que obteve maior valor econômico, em ambos os anos; e, os valores 105,4 US$. ha-1.ano-1 e 46,5 US$.ha-1.ano-1.
TRATAMENTOS TÉRMICOS PARA A SUPERAÇÃO DA DORMÊNCIA EM SEMENTES DE Caesalpinia ferrea MART. EX TUL.
Authors: Lafetá Bruno Oliveira , Lopes Fabiana Martins , Figueiredo Mariany Augusta , De Azevedo Roniel Fernandes Dias , Madureira Nívea Fransuelli da Silva , Silva Wemerson Marcelo Gonçalves
Published: April 2021

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a influência de tratamentos térmicos para superar a dormência de sementes de Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. ex Tul. var. leiostachya Benth. O experimento foi conduzido em câmara de germinação do tipo Biochemical Oxigen Demand (BOD). Adotou-se delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições de 25 sementes. Os tratamentos consistiram em imergir as sementes em água aquecida (T1 – 27ºC; T2 – 70ºC; T3 – 80ºC; T4 – 90ºC e T5 – 100ºC). O tempo de imersão foi de 5 minutos. Cada unidade experimental conteve 200 cm3 de vermiculita expandida distribuída em caixa gerbox. Realizaram-se análises de variância e de regressão, ambas a 5,0% de significância estatística. Os tratamentos não influenciaram a emissão de raízes laterais. O tratamento cinco apresentou mais sementes embebidas (69,0%), germinadas (59,0%), emissões de parte aérea (56,0%) e IVG (2,12). Estes atributos aumentaram à medida que se elevou a temperatura de imersão. Conclui-se que a dormência das sementes de C. ferrea pode ser superada pela imersão em água aquecida como tratamento pré-germinativo. A imersão de sementes em água aquecida a 100ºC por 5 minutos é eficiente para superar a dormência desta espécie.
MACRÓFITAS AQUÁTICAS DO PARQUE NACIONAL SERRA DE ITABAIANA, SERGIPE, BRASIL
Authors: Almeida Thieres Santos , Fabricante Juliano Ricardo
Published: April 2021

As macrófitas aquáticas são um grupo de plantas de extrema importância para os ecossistemas aquáticos. A despeito dessa relevância, não existem trabalhos direcionados ao grupo no Parque Nacional Serra de Itabaiana (PARNASI), importante unidade de conservação do estado de Sergipe. Assim, este estudo objetivou inventariar as macrófitas aquáticas presentes no PARNASI e em áreas vizinhas. O levantamento florístico foi realizado por meio de busca ativa em nove diferentes ambientes. Ao todo foram inventariadas 63 espécies pertencentes a 29 famílias, sendo Cyperaceae (14,28%) e Lentibulariaceae (12,7%) as famílias com mais representantes. As espécies da família Lentibulariaceae e Apteria aphylla (Nutt.) Barnhart ex Small foram os táxons mais frequentes. Esses resultados sugerem que os ambientes aquáticos amostrados possuem boas condições de conservação, uma vez que estas espécies são bioindicadoras de qualidade ambiental. A forma de vida com mais representantes foi a anfíbia com 55 espécies (87,3%). A baixa ocorrência de outras formas de vida devem-se as caracterísitcas dos ambientes amostrados, sistemas lóticos com fortes correntezas. Além de possuir uma riqueza de espécies maior quando comparada com outras áreas estudadas no Nordeste, a comunidade de macrófitas aquáticas do PARNASI apresenta uma composição única, atributos que refletem a importância do local estudado para a conservação desse grupo de plantas.
La incidencia de las prácticas académicas en las disposiciones profesionales
Authors: Quintero Luz Mary , Villamizar Niño Yazmín , Bolívar Nathalia
Published: April 2021

Este artículo presenta los resultados parciales de un estudio exploratorio sobre el papel del mentor en la construcción de una comunidad académica en los programas de Trabajo Social y Licenciatura en Inglés de la Universidad Industrial de Santander , con el objetivo de indagar la incidencia que tienen las prácticas académicas en las disposiciones iniciales de los estudiantes de los dos programas. Se realizó un estudio mixto mediante un cuestionario para caracterizar las disposiciones de los estudiantes de práctica I y práctica II al momento de iniciar y terminar su experiencia. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, se realizaron entrevistas a algunos participantes cuyas disposiciones tuvieron un incremento o una disminución durante la práctica, con el fin de comprender, desde su visión, las razones por las cuales ocurrieron los cambios. Los resultados del estudio revelaron que durante el período de las prácticas profesionales las disposiciones incrementaron, disminuyeron y en otros casos no hubo ningún cambio significativo. De igual manera, se encontró que el rol del mentor en el proceso de acompañamiento y las condiciones propias de la institución donde se realiza la práctica, son dos de los factores que más influyeron en las disposiciones de los estudiantes en práctica. Este estudio reafirma el papel preponderante que tienen las disposiciones, valores y creencias de los estudiantes en su formación y futuro desempeño profesional.
[1] Proyecto financiado por la convocatoria interna de investigación, de la vicerrectoría de investigación y extensión de la Universidad Industrial de Santander, registrado ante la misma dependencia con el código 1796.
Development of NCOVID-19 Colloidal Gold Immunochromatographic Test Strip
Authors: Liu Wenyi , Li Zhaohua
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To establish a fast, simple and accurate method and immunoassay test card for the detection of new coronavirus (nCOVID-19) antigen. Methods: In this study, colloidal gold immunochromatography technology was used to detect nCOVID-19 virus antigens through the sandwich method. At the same time, the preparation plan of colloidal gold was improved, and the application of rapid immune-diagnosis technology in other fields was developed. In this study, purified recombinant nCOVID-19 nucleocapsid protein is used as the antigen to prepare murine monoclonal antibodies. The BN02 antibody produced by the mouse is used as the detection antibody to couple with colloidal gold, forming a gold-labeled complex probe. BN9m1 is used as the coating antibody for the C-line, and ProA is used for the T-line. The polymerization of colloidal gold particles enables us to detect the new coronavirus antigen’s appearance. Thus an in vitro rapid detection kit for virus detection can be made. Results: The positive detection rate of the antigen quality control serum with this colloidal gold reagent was 100%. The specificity was 100%, and the sensitivity was 1ng/ml.  Conclusion: The nCOVID-19 antigen detection reagent (colloidal gold method) developed in this research has high specificity and sensitivity, and can be used in conjunction with nucleic acid detection. As a means of detecting nCOVID-19, it can achieve qualitative and rapid screening of samples with advantage such as accuracy, repeatability, and low cost.
Exploration on the Training Mode of Applied Pharmaceutical Professionals Oriented by Social Needs
Exploration on the Training Mode of Applied Pharmaceutical Professionals Oriented by Social Needs
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wang Shijie , Li Liangtong , Diao Lei , Zhang Wei , Liu Junxia , Li Yujie
Published: April 2021

According to the requirements of the Ministry of Education's transformation, development and classified management, the pharmacy major of Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University is based on social demand investigations, with the main goal of vocational ability training, take knowledge system and technical ability training as the core, social competence training runs through the whole process. And the university closely integrates with market demands, and comprehensively improve the quality of pharmacy professional training through clarifying the training objectives of professional talents, integrating the curriculum system, improving teaching methods and perfecting the assessment and evaluation system of teaching links.
Research on Hybrid Teaching Mode Based on "Cloud Class Intelligent Vocational Education"
--- Take "Introduction to Internet of Things" as An Example
Authors: Zhang Zhiwen
Published: April 2021

The advent of the era of ＂Internet+＂has made intelligent classroom an inevitable trend of current education. Based on the cloud class intelligent vocational education platform, this paper takes the course "Introduction to Internet of things" as an example, and constructs a hybrid teaching mode through the integration of online and offline resources. Through the actual classroom teaching, this paper analyzes the traditional teaching and hybrid teaching, and discusses their possible shortcomings. By reflecting on its shortcomings, new ideas are put forward for the innovation and practical application of hybrid teaching mode in vocational education in the future. This paper mainly introduces the application advantages of the "cloud class intelligent vocational education" hybrid teaching mode in the "Introduction to the Internet of Things", analyzes the problems in the application of the hybrid teaching mode in the course of "Introduction to the Internet of Things", and studies the specific problems and countermeasures.
Estimating Dairy Young Stock Rearing Cost of Different Management Systems in Keningau, Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Ang X.T. , Nor N. Mohd , Hiew M.W.H. , Khairuddin U. , Tan C.T. , Shapiai M.I. , Suhaimi N.A.M. , Lee P.A.K.
Published: April 2021

Background: Rearing young stock is costly, yet study on the economics of dairy young stock rearing in Malaysia is scarce. This study aims to determine the cost of rearing dairy young stock in different management system at the largest milk producer area located in Keningau, Sabah, Malaysia. Methods: A survey was conducted at 7 smallholders, 6 semi-commercial sand 1 commercial dairy farms between July and August 2019 to estimate costs of rearing young stock from birth until first calving age (FCA) with the average number of milking cows as 16±2.495, 40±3.256 and 1,303 heads, respectively and the average number of young stocks was 2±0.769, 14±4.578 and 2,221 heads, respectively. Only feed costs were estimated. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS software. Result: The average cost of rearing was RM4, 052 (USD1,000)/heifer across three different management systems, which were RM3,478 (USD858)/heifer in small scale, RM4,380 (USD1,081)/heifer) in semi-commercial and RM4,300 (USD1,061)/ heifer) in commercial farms.
Effect of Barley Flour on Quality of Restructured Spent Hen Meat Blocks
Authors: Gupta Swati , Sharma B.D. , Mendiratta S.K.
Published: April 2021

Background: Spent hen meat is considered as poor because of comparatively higher toughness and chewiness. The present study was envisaged to find out the effect of barley flour on the quality characteristics of restructured spent hen meat blocks. Methods: Barley flour (1:1 hydration, w/w) was incorporated at the levels of 4, 6 and 8% by replacing the lean meat in pre-standardized restructured spent hen meat blocks (RSHMB) formulation and evaluated for physico-chemical, sensory and textural quality. Result: Product yield was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) and at 6 and 8% level of barley flour as compared to control. Fat percentage and shear force value of RSHMB was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) at 8% level of barley flour as compared to control. There were no significant differences in the scores for general appearance, texture, binding, juiciness and overall acceptability of RSHMB of control as well as those incorporated with different levels of barley flour. Texture profile analysis revealed that the hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness of RSHMB with 8% barley flour were significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than that of control. Optimum incorporation level of barley flour for the preparation of restructured spent hen meat blocks was adjudged as 8%. The production cost of RSHMB with 8% barley flour reduced by Rs. 18.4/Kg than that of control. The developed restructured spent hen meat blocks with 8% barley flour can be utilized as texture-modified nutritious soft food products.
Assessment of Antigout, Antioxidant and Production Performance Augmenting Activity of Piper betle L. in Gout Induced Broiler Chicken
Authors: Periasamy Vikrama Chakravarthi , Sundaravelayutham Murugesan , Arivalagan Arivuchelvan , Karupannan Sukumar , Ayyasamy Arulmozhi , Appusamy Jagadeeswaran
Published: April 2021

Background: The gout is commonly reported in birds and causes severe economic losses to the farmers. Hence to prevent the gout occurrence P.betle L. herb was selected and its antigout potential was studied in comparison with Allopurinol. Methods: The biological experiment was conducted with 120 broiler chicks and was divided into 5 treatment groups of 8 birds each with triplicate study for six weeks. The groups were control (T1), gout control (T2), Allopurinol (T3), P.betle L. - 10 g/kg (T4) and P.betle L. - 12.5 g/kg of feed (T5). The gout was induced using toxic dose of sodium bicarbonate in water (20 g/litre). The clinical signs and production performance were recorded and gross and histopathology studies were conducted. Serum biochemical parameters viz., uric acid and creatinine were periodically estimated (day 10, 15, 18 and 42 of trial) and anti-oxidant and xanthine oxidase enzyme activity were measured. Result: The production performances and the antioxidant activity were improved in P.betle L. groups and even better than Allopurinol. Also progressive reduction of uric acid and equivalent suppression of xanthine oxidase activity as that of Allopurinol were observed. Hence P.betle L. herb can be used effectively in the prevention of gout in birds.
Studies to Evaluate the Safety of Constant Rate Infusions of Dexmedetomidine, Ketamine and Lidocaine Alone or in Combination during Isoflurane Anesthesia in Horses
Authors: Gopinathan Aswathy , Singh Kiranjeet , Sarangom Sherin B. , Ramya V. , Sangeetha P. , Mohan Divya , Kumar Naveen
Published: April 2021

Background: Horses mount a huge stress response to anesthesia when compared to other animals, hence are risky candidates for anesthesia. Inhalant anesthetic agents offer more control to anesthetic depth and facilitate rapid recovery, hence are considered to be safer than intravenous agents for surgical procedures requiring more than an hour, however, newer drug combinations are being explored to minimize the undesired consequences and dose rate of inhalant agents. The present study explored the safety of dexmedetomidine, ketamine and lidocaine constant rate infusion alone or as a combination along with Isoflurane for safer anesthesia in horses. Methods: The study was conducted on 28 horses divided into S, D, DK and DKL groups having 7 animals in each. Xylazine (1 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.05mg/kg) were given intravenously for premedication. Ketamine (2 mg/kg) and midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) were used for induction and anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane. Normal saline (1000ml/hour), Dexmedetomidine (2µg/kg/hr), Dexmedetomidine and ketamine (2 µg/kg/hr and 2 mg/kg/hr) and Dexmedetomidine, ketamine and lidocaine (2 µg/kg/hr, 2 mg/kg/hr and 2 mg/kg/h) were given as CRI in groups S, D, DK and DKL, respectively. Thiopentone sodium (250mg bolus, 5%) was given as a fast intravenous bolus whenever required. Anesthetic efficacy was evaluated based on clinical, haemato-biochemical, hemodynamic, and endocrine variables. Result: A significant decline in mean arterial pressure was noticed in group DKL but changes in CVP and SpO2 in different groups were non-significant. Higher Blood glucose and low Insulin levels were seen in group DK during 45-60 min. Constant rate infusions of Dexmedetomidine, Ketamine and Lidocaine alone or in combination produced a significant sparing effect on Isoflurane and thiopentone while they improved peri-operative quality of anesthesia in horses.
Microbiological Evaluation and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Isolates Associated with Some Contaminated Edible Fruits and Vegetables
Authors: Gundappa Mallikarjun , Prabhurajeshwar C. , Ahmed Sarfaraz , Navya H.M. , Vijayasarathy M. , Velayuthaprabhu Shanmugam
Published: April 2021

Background: The present study was undertaken to study the percentage of pathogenic bacteria present in different fruit and vegetable samples available in the market in and around Kalaburagi, Karnataka, South India. Methods: A total of 940 different samples were collected from Kalaburagi, out of which 390 (23.84%) were fruits and 550 (35.27%) were vegetables. The pathogenic bacteria were isolated, by enrichment culture method using peptone water. The bacterial isolates were identified by convention microbial identification procedures. Result: Antibiotic resistant testing by disc diffusion method performed for E.coli, Salmonella and Shigella. Among the pathogens, E. coli (86.50%) of the isolates were resistant to Nalidixic acid while Imipenem and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole has the lowest resistance (19.84%), Salmonella (86.66%) isolates were resistant to Ciprofloxacin while Norfloxacin has the lowest resistance (4.76%) and Shigella (80.35%) isolates were resistant to Vancomycin while Amoxicillin has the lowest resistant (3.57%). Multiple drug resistance (MDR) was seen in E. coli at (38.88%), Salmonella at (26.66%) and Shigella at (10.71%) accordingly. The study therefore shown that E.coli, Salmonella and Shigella occur in Fruits and vegetables which collected from market place in Kalaburagi, Karnataka India, As per the results, adequate precaution should be taken while handles these fruits and vegetables. The antimicrobial resistance pattern shown by the isolates is an indication that adequate measurement needs to be taken to regulate the drug use in both humans and animals in order to minimize the risk of increasing antimicrobial resistance.
Phenotypic Diversity Assessment of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Collection in Vietnam
Authors: Bui Dang Quang , Tran Trung Duc , Le Ha Thi My , Nguyen Tuyet Thi , Tran Yen Thi Oanh
Published: April 2021

Background: Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is an important cultivated fruit crop in Vietnam due to its commercial value for fresh consumption and especially for fruit processing industry. A large number of diverse guava accessions, both indigenous and exotic, are available in Vietnam but their characterization, which is needed to identify targeted guava accessions for breeding programs, is still limited. Methods: The phenotypic variation and relationship among 40 guava accessions collected across Vietnam were assessed employing leaf and fruit morphological and physiological characterizations. Result: Range of variation for different leaf and fruit parameters were recorded. Significant correlations between leaf and fruit traits relating to yield and fruit quality were also observed implying a possibility of their simultaneous or interchangeable use in selection. Furthermore, the dendrogram generated from agglomeration hierarchical clustering grouped the 40 guava accessions into four major clusters which are highly associated with their origins. The result indicated that existing guava accessions are an important source of genetic diversity and can be used in the guava improvement program in Vietnam.
Seed Osmo-priming in Chickpea Enhances Seed Quality and Crop Performance under Normal and Water Deficit Conditions
Authors: Tiwari T.N. , Katiyar P.K.
Published: April 2021

Background: The average productivity of chickpea is quite low (939 kg/ha) because of several factors including its cultivation in rain fed/low moisture and marginal lands, low seed replacement rate (25.4%), use of old and low-quality seed by the majority of farmers. This in turn gives poor germination, delayed emergence and sick seedlings that lead to poor yield. Osmo priming of seed with different in-organic salts has been reported to improve the germination, speed of emergence, seedling vigour, growth and yield of different vegetable and field crops but information’s on response of seed priming with in-organic salts on enhancement of seed quality parameters and crop performance of naturally aged seeds of chickpea is lacking over a wide range of environmental conditions including normal and water deficit conditions. Methods: An experiment was conducted under laboratory as well as in plastic pots with 05 seed osmo- priming level, two varieties of chickpea (Ujjawal and JG-14) and two moisture level (Normal at field capacity and water deficit at half of the field capacity) during rabi season 2017-18 and 2018-19.at the Research farm of ICAR- IIPR Kanpur (U.P.) to study the influence of seed osmo-priming with in- organic salts on seed quality parameters and crop performance under normal and water deficit conditions. The observations were recorded on seed quality, growth and crop efficiency parameters at their appropriate time. Result: Osmo-priming of one-year-old chickpea seeds with KNO3, MgSO4, Ca(NO3)2 at 0.2% solution and tap water for 06 hours significantly enhanced the seed quality parameters in both the varieties evaluated under normal as well as under water deficit conditions over their respective control. Amongst, the priming agents used, KNO3 performed better than MgSO4, Ca(NO3)2 and tap water in respect of most of the seed quality parameters studied. Variety Ujjawal responded better the priming treatments than JG-14 under both normal and water deficit conditions. Osmo-priming treatments also showed the positive response in the enhancement of Nitrogen balance index (NBI), chlorophyll, Flavonols, Stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate in both the varieties evaluated under normal as well as water deficit condition.
Promising scandium content of Tebinbulak titanium-magnetite deposit
Authors:   Research Institute of Mineral Resources, Islamov B. F. , Rustamov A. I. , Tsoi V. D. , Sayitov S. S.
Published: April 2021

We present results of geological-mineralogical-geochemical studies of the Tebinbulak scandium-containing titanium-magnetite deposit in Western Uzbekistan. The levels of scandium content in ores and rocks of the pyroxene-hornblende massif have been analyzed. The potential for the associated extraction of scandium from ores, which can significantly increase the profitability of the industrial development of the deposit, is discussed.
Coal as a collection object and a source of knowledge
Authors:   The Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry SB RAS, Kravtsova L. А.
Published: April 2021

At the current stage, museum collections on natural history play an important role in the fundamental and applied research activity and are an essential part of popularizing Earth sciences. This article focuses on natural-scientific collections of the Institute of Coal (which is a structural unit of the Federal Research Center for Coal and Petrochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences), documenting interdisciplinary scientific knowledge about coal. Through methods of petrochemical, petrographic and geological research, as well as museological approach systematizing natural samples, the systematic, thematic and educational collections have been formed. They include coals of the Kuzbass and other coal basins, rock formations and paleonthological objects. Being a specific form of preservation of certain natural history processes of regional and global significance, a systematized collection is a tangible and informational resource of scientific explorations. Realization of its scientific-informational potential promotes popularization of the scientific knowledge and search for answers to solve environmental problems.
Ethnic-based cyberbullying: The role of adolescents’ and their peers’ attitudes towards immigrants
Authors: ATALAN ERGİN Derya , AKGÜL Gülendam , GÜNEY KARAMAN Neslihan
Published: April 2021

The rate of migration has increased in Turkey in recent years. The school setting is the most important area for socialization and acculturation for immigrant adolescents. It is also the place where they might be exposed to negative attitudes and behaviors from their peers. Immigrant adolescents are at risk of experiencing ethnic-based cyberbullying; however, the research on its causes was limited despite the growing numbers of immigrant adolescents. We examined (a) the predictive role of adolescents' and their peers' attitudes toward immigrant adolescents’ ethnic-based cyberbullying behaviors and (b) whether the immigrant background of the cyber victim affects adolescents' reasoning about cyberbullying toward immigrants. To address the research questions, we used a mixed-method design. The sample included 139 participants (X̄age=13.16, SD=0.94) who attended two different secondary schools in Ankara. We found that both adolescents' and their peers' negative attitudes predicted ethnic-based cyberbullying. However, a positive attitude toward immigrants was not found to be related to ethnic-based cyberbullying. Qualitative analysis results regarding ethnic discrimination were interpreted within the framework of behavioral privacy. The present study highlighted that immigrant students are more likely to be cyber victimized in the presence of a negative attitude toward immigrants at the class level.
Tinha uma casa no meio do caminho: inundações e remoções em Ururaí, Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ
Authors: Cortes Thaís Lopes
Published: April 2021

This article aims to discuss central aspects of the removal processes, through the “Morar Feliz” Program, to which the residentes of Ururaí, were susceptible, under the justification of the “risk” of floods. In this way, we presente the contradictions of the largest housing program developed in the interior of Brazil. We start from the premise that the centrality of “Morar Feliz” ins’t to ensure house in worthy conditions for resettled subjects, however, the main objective was to promote processes of expropriation, that allowed the revaluation of urban space and the opening of new valuation niches for capital, while exasperating a living condition pf the resettled people, who came to live with a framework of successive expropriations and denials of rights. For this, the discussion presented has as reference of analysis the database of Núcleo de Pesquisa e Estudos Socioambientais of Universidade Federal Fluminense (NESA/UFF Campos). We note that the program operates in a similar way to the historical trajectory of the materialization of brazilian housing policy, which is to remove the subjects that is found in arches of land valuation, highlighting the manufacture of consensus by the “risk” discourse.