bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE KOUNRADSKY MINE TAILINGS CEMENTING LAYER THAT PREVENTS DEFLATION: MINERAL COMPOSITION, GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES
Authors:   Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia, Lazareva E. V. , Litvinov V. V. ,   Project-Environmental Bureau, Ust-Kamenogorsk, the Republic of Kazakhstan, Aytekenova D. A. ,   Sary Kazna, Balkhash, the Republic of Kazakhstan, Myagkaya I. N. ,   Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia, Kirichenko I. S. ,   Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: September 2023

The paper is devoted to the study of composition of the surface matter of the man-made mineral formation (MMMF), namely, tailings of the Kounradsky mine (Konyrat, Karaganda region, the Republic of Kazakhstan), and the comparison of its geochemical characteristics with the composition of aerosols. The deposit is located in an arid area of steppe zone, which is characterized by wind-formed processes, therefore, an assessment of the degree of exposure of tailing substance to them is one of the important geoecological tasks. Most of the surface of the MMMF tailings of the Kounradsky mine is composed of coarse-grained material. At the sampling points the fraction content greater 1 mm amounted to 58.7–82.5%. The moisture content for the sampling period ranged from 1.9% to 4%. It is shown that the process of an oxidation leaching of sulphide-containing substance of MMMF led to the formation of acid sulphate detached waters, which dry out quickly in dry climates, that brings about the formation of sulphate efflorescences on the surface of tailings and cementing layer. It has been determined that cement is a complex and consists of newly formed kaolinite and/or illite, jarosite, gypsum and water-soluble sulphates of Fe, Ca, Al, Mg, Na and Cu. Comparison of geochemical characteristics of aerosols collected directly at tailings and at the background point with geochemical characteristics of MMMF of the Kounradsky mine shows that today tailings are not a source of air pollutants. The source of high concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Ad, Cd in aerosols recorded at one of the points is industrial enterprises of Balkhash.
Modelagem dos níveis de base fluviais da bacia do rio Jacuípe, nordeste semiárido do Brasil
Authors: Guillén Anais del Jesús González , Nolasco Marjorie Csekö , Castro Paulo de Tarso Amorim
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo visou modelar espacialmente os níveis de base do rio Jacuípe e seus afluentes, localizados no estado da Bahia, Brasil. Para isso, implementaram-se produtos de sensoriamento remoto e técnicas de geoprocessamento num ambiente de Sistema de Informações Geográficas, no intuito de reconhecer automaticamente a distribuição das anomalias fluviais;  determinar seus condicionantes estruturais, tectônicos, litológicos, hidrológicos e antrópicos, através de mapas temáticos de índices estruturais (Mapa de Lineamentos, Densidade de Lineamentos, Frequência de Lineamentos) e geomorfológicos (Densidade de Drenagem e Frequência de Fluxo), que foram integrados a partir da Lógica Fuzzy e da Análise Hierárquica de Processos (AHP), assim como mapas morfotectônicos (Fator de Assimetria da Bacia de Drenagem e  Fator de Assimetria Topográfica Transversal) e mapas geológicos combinados com imagens orbitais do Google Earth Pro; e estabelecer as possíveis relações entre as variações dos níveis de base com a neotectônica através de dados sísmicos. Entre os principais resultados, identificaram-se 1.634 anomalias de drenagem de 2ª ordem e 101 de 1ª ordem, concentrando-se 90% destas últimas no alto curso. Houve um notável controle estrutural e tectônico na formação das anomalias e não se registraram indícios da ação neotectônica relacionados à reativação de falhas e à formação de knickpoints.
Bir Bilgi Kaynağı Olarak Erken Boşalmayla İlişkin Türkçe YouTube Videoları: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma.
Authors: KAYNAK Yurdaer
Published: September 2023

YouTube'a gönderilen erken boşalma (PE) ile ilgili Türkçe videoların bilgilendirici değerini değerlendirmek. Youtube.com'da 15-16 Ağustos 2023 tarihleri arasında yayınlanan, "erken boşalma" anahtar kelimesi ile erişilen, Türkçe yayınlanan ve arama sonuçlarında standart bir alaka düzeyi sırasına göre görüntülenen ilk 103 video incelenmiştir. Ürün tanıtımlarının yapıldığı videolar çalışma dışında tutulmuştur. Videoların bilgi içeriğinin kalitesi, DISCERN puanlaması kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Elde edilen veriler IBM SPSS for Windows 21 kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 100 videonun %87'sinin sağlık çalışanları tarafından yüklendiği belirlendi. Videolar içeriklerine göre incelendiğinde yayınlanan videoların konularının öncelikli olarak teşhis ve tedavi odaklı olduğu belirlendi. Videoların toplam süresi 521,37 dakikadır (3,49 (0,34;36,06)). Toplam izlenme sayısı 17165500 (43000(1000;2100000)) olurken, toplam beğeni sayısı 52093,38(279.0000(1;2200)) olarak belirlendi. Videoların aylık ortalama beğeni sayısı 15.9375(2.4329;91.8750), aylık görüntülenme ortanca değeri ise 2512.5000(500.0000;15228.0833) dir.. Videoların 14'ü kötü, 10'u orta ve 76'sı yüksek içerik kalitesine sahipti. DISCERN puanları ile aylık ortalama beğeni ve görüntüleme sayısı arasında pozitif bir korelasyon vardı. Doktorlar tarafından yüklenen videolar yüksek bir DISCERN puanına sahipken, diğer videoların içerik kalitesi orta ile zayıf arasındaydı. Video uzunluğu ile izlenme sayısı (r=0,217 p=0,030) ve video beğeni sayısı (r=0,581 p<0,001) arasında pozitif korelasyon bulundu. PE ile ilgili Türkçe You Tube videolarının büyük bir kısmı Sağlık profesyonellerince yüklenmiş, içerik güvenirlik kalitesi genel olarak yüksek videolardır. Kullanıcılar çoğunlukla içerik güvenirlik kalitesi yüksek ve uzun videoları daha çok izlemekte ve beğenmektedirler.
IMPORTÂNCIA DA COENZIMA Q10 NO COMBATE AOS RADICAIS LIVRES DURANTE A PRÁTICA FÍSICA
Authors: Rodrigues Calil Renan , Rezende de Carvalho Julio Cesar , Leão de Araújo Luca , Alves de Castro Neto Antônio , Rangearo Peres Carlos Alberto
Published: September 2023

Introdução – A coenzima Q10, também conhecida como ubiquinona, é uma substância encontrada naturalmente no corpo humano e em muitos alimentos. Ela desempenhou um papel crucial no processo de produção de energia nas células, apresentou-se como um cofator essencial nas mitocôndrias, como "usinas de energia" das células. Ela atua como uma espécie de "transportadora" de elétrons, auxiliando na conversão de nutrientes em energia na forma de adenosina trifosfato (ATP).  Metodologia – Esse estudo de revisão da literatura foi desenvolvido por busca de artigos indexados, estudos longitudinais, transversais e ensaios clínicos, no qual foram encontrados 100 artigos no período de 2008 a 2022.  Resultados – foram encontrados um total de 100 artigos sendo 50 da base de dados PubMed MEDLINE, 20 SciELO, 18 CDSR e 12 BVS. Após leitura do título e ou resumo um total de 5 estudos foram selecionados para a revisão sistemática. Conclusão – A Coenzima Q10, como visto, tem papel fundamental em se tratando da prática de atividades físicas uma vez que possui função antioxidante, reduz a lesão muscular, retarda aa fadiga e melhora no desempenho esportivo.     

Palavras-chave: COENZIMA Q10. RADICAL LIVRE. ATIVIDADE FÍSICA.
ATUAÇÃO DO SVO DO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS NA PANDEMIA POR COVID-19
Authors: Moitinho Thamilis , Sousa Vera Célia Tássila , Pereira da Silva Izabella Cristina , Azevedo de Brito Roberta Aline , Nunes Prestes Ludimila Inês , Alves Borges de Carvalho Arthur
Published: September 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: O Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos (SVO) é o serviço médico público que objetiva elucidação da “causa-mortis” natural mal definida de interesse epidemiológico. Durante a pandemia, a atuação do SVO-TO, junto a unidades nosocomiais públicas e privadas, foi implementar coleta de “swab” nasal como ferramenta diagnóstica para determinação da causa de morte. OBJETIVO: Identificar as mudanças adotadas na investigação de morbimortalidade natural mal definida, analisando possíveis fatores limitantes para execuções de exames necroscópicos e desencadeantes da adaptação de procedimentos operacionais no SVO-TO, em período de pandemia. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, observacional e retrospectivo realizando pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais acerca da atuação dos SVOs e as mudanças realizadas durante a pandemia nesse serviço. ANÁLISE: As mudanças iniciais adotadas pelo SVO determinavam que os serviços de saúde públicos e privados não deveriam enviar casos suspeitos ou confirmados de COVID-19 para o SVO-TO, passando a coletar o material biológico post-mortem, caso não tenha sido realizada em vida, por meio de swab nasal/orofaríngeo, para posterior investigação pela equipe de vigilância local. Nos casos que o óbito não seja por suspeita de COVID, é indicada somente a coleta de Autópsia Verbal por entrevista com a família para o preenchimento do atestado de óbito. CONCLUSÃO: Nota-se a importância dos SVO para o contexto epidemiológico para a população em geral e os impactos causados pelas limitações da sua atuação durante o período pandêmico.

Palavras-chaves: pandemia por COVID-19; atestado de óbito; Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária; Médicos Legistas; Serviço de Verificação de óbito.
ARGUIÇÃO DO PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA ANEMIA FERROPRIVA NO BRASIL ENTRE 2018 E 2022
Authors: Giudice Branco Lucas , Leite Bitencourt Evandro
Published: September 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: A anemia ferropriva é um tipo de anemia causado pela deficiência de ferro no organismo. O ferro desempenha um papel crucial na produção de hemoglobina, uma proteína presente nos glóbulos vermelhos que transporta o oxigênio dos pulmões para todas as células do corpo. Sem ferro suficiente, o corpo não é capaz de produzir hemoglobina suficiente, resultando em uma diminuição na quantidade de oxigênio transportada para as células. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico de natureza descritiva, realizado por meio da coleta de dados anuais referentes ao período entre 2018 até 2022, no Brasil, disponibilizado pelo Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH). RESULTADOS: O país registrou um total de 59.289 internações nos 5 anos de análise sendo que idosos com 70 anos ou mais de idade e mulheres foram os mais acometidos pela patologia. O Nordeste foi a região com maior Taxa de Mortalidade. CONCLUSÃO: a anemia ferropriva é uma condição comum, mas que pode ter sérias consequências quando não diagnosticada ou tratada adequadamente. É importante estar atento aos sintomas e procurar um médico em caso de suspeita para que, com o tratamento adequado e a adoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis, seja possível reverter a deficiência de ferro e melhorar a qualidade de vida.

Palavras-chave:  ANEMIA,FERROPRIVA.FERRO.FISIOLOGIA.EPIDEMIOLOGIA
EFEITOS DA BETA-ALANINA DURANTE A PRÁTICA DE EXERCÍCIOS FÍSICOS – REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Rezende de Carvalho Julio Cesar , Rodrigues Calil Renan , Moraes Jacob José Augusto , Do Nascimento Souza Bruno César , Medeiros de Melo Rycharles Rudson , Rangearo Peres Carlos Alberto
Published: September 2023

Introdução – A beta-alanina é um aminoácido com papel fundamental no metabolismo muscular. Ela é encontrada naturalmente no organismo humano, mas também pode ser consumida através de suplementação.  Metodologia – Esse estudo de revisão da literatura foi desenvolvido por busca de artigos indexados, estudos longitudinais, transversais e ensaios clínicos, no qual foram encontrados 80 artigos no período de 2004 a 2022. Resultados – Foram encontrados um total de 80 artigos sendo 30 da base de dados PubMed MEDLINE, 20 SciELO, 18 CDSR e 12 BVS sendo que um total de 6 estudos foram selecionados para a revisão sistemática. Conclusão – Suplementação  de beta-alanina pode ser uma estratégia eficaz para melhorar o desempenho atlético. Ela aumenta os níveis de carnosina nos músculos, retardando a fadiga muscular, reduzindo o acúmulo de ácido lático e protegendo as células musculares contra danos oxidativos.

Palavras-chave: BETA ALANINA.CARNOSINA.EXERCÍCIOS.
An Algebraic Non-equilibrium Turbulence Model of the High Reynolds Number Transition Region
Authors: Basse Nils Tångefjord
Published: September 2023

We present a mixing length based algebraic turbulence model calibrated to pipe flow; the main purpose of the model is to capture the increasing turbulence production-to-dissipation ratio observed in connection with the high Reynolds number transition region. The model includes the mixing length description by Gersten and Herwig which takes the observed variation of the von Kármán number with Reynolds number into account. Pipe wall roughness effects are included in the model. Results are presented for area-averaged (integral) quantities which can be used both as a self-contained model and as initial inlet boundary conditions for computational fluid dynamics simulations.
CO2, CH4 and CO Emission Sources and Their Characteristics in the Lamto Ecological Reserve (Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Tiemoko Toure Dro , Yoroba Fidele , Kouassi Komenan Benjamin , Diawara Adama , Kouadio Kouakou , Bouo Francois-Xavier Djezia Bella , Yapo Assi Louis Martial , Kouman Abraham , Ramonet Michel
Published: September 2023

CO2, CH4 and CO are the most critical atmospheric gases in terms of their impact on the radiative system, air quality and health. This work provides information on the direction of source areas and potential sources of emissions and shows many aspects of these gases by a statistical analysis using bivariate polar diagrams and local weather conditions (e.g., temperature, wind speed and wind direction) recorded at the Lamto station (LTO, 6°31N and 5°02W) in Côte d’Ivoire over the 2014-2018 period. The results show that the main regions contributing to the high concentrations of CH4 (> 1925 ppb) and CO2 (> 420 ppm) in the GSS, GSP, PSS and PSP seasons are the North and Northwest sectors of Lamto. In these directions, CH4 and CO2 concentrations are associated with wind speeds less than 6 m.s-1, due to the influences of local sources as emissions resulting from the degradation of organic matter submerged during the impoundment of the Taabo dam, and/nor human activities linked to the practice of intensive agriculture. In addition, the high concentrations of CO (> 350 ppb) are observed in GSS in the North, North-West, North-East and East sectors for wind speeds less than or equal to 9 m.s-1, due to the influences of both local and distant sources. The correlation coefficients between CH4 and CO, and between CH4 and CO2 are positive and significant in all sectors. However, those calculated between CO2 and CO have showed both low and high values in all seasons.
Non-Pharmacological Pain Treatment of Patients with Myofascial Pain Syndrome of the Masticatory Muscles – Case Series
Authors: Macrì Monica , Rotelli Chiara , Pegreffi Francesco , Festa Felice
Published: September 2023

Myofascial pain is the most common cause of chronic pain in the masticatory region and can be assessed through clinical analysis and muscle palpation. Generally, it appears with headache and orofacial pain associated with sensitive points (trigger points) due to the excessive contraction of the masticatory muscle fibres. The study aims to evaluate how a correct treatment of myofascial pain can improve the life quality of the affected patients. In this case series, 300 patients with myofascial pain were divided into two groups: 150 with intra- and extra-articular disorder and 150 with the only extra-articular disorder. Each group included 75 males and 75 females. All the patients were treated with gnathological therapy through passive aligners and biofeedback exercises for 4 months. They underwent pain assessment (through a visual analogue scale and muscular palpation test) before, during and after the treatment, and nuclear magnetic resonance of the temporomandibular joint before and after the gnathological treatment. The treatment considerably reduced the pain in all patients, without drugs, in 4 months, according to the visual analogue scales and the palpation test. The temporomandibular magnetic resonance in each patient was similar before and after the gnathological treatment. The improvement in pain did not depend on a change in the relationship between the articular condyle and the disc.
Hispidulin Inhibits Vascular Inflammation Triggered by Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Kim Yeon , Lee Hoyong , Park Hyun-Joo , Kim Mi-Kyoung , Kim Yong-Il , Kim Hyung Joon , Bae Soo-Kyung , Kim Yung-Jin , Bae Moon-Kyoung
Published: September 2023

Hispidulin is a natural bioactive flavonoid that has been studied for its potential therapeutic properties, including its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. The aim of this study was to explore whether hispidulin could inhibit endothelial inflammation triggered by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The adhesion of monocytes to vascular endothelium was evaluated by in vitro and ex vivo monocyte adhesion assays. We analyze the migration of monocytes across the endothelial layer using transmigration assay. The result showed that treatment with hispidulin decreased P. gingivalis LPS-induced the adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells and their migration by suppressing P. gingivalis LPS-triggered expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) through downregulating nuclear factor-қB (NF-қB). In addition, hispidulin inhibited P. gingivalis LPS-induced mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AKT in endothelial cells. Altogether, the results indicate that hispidulin suppresses vascular inflammation induced by P. gingivalis LPS. Mechanistically, it prevents the adhesion of monocytes to the vascular endothelium and migration and inhibits NF-қB, MAPKs, and AKT signaling in endothelial cells.
Anisotropic Tensile and Compressive Strengths of Al–4wt.%Cu Alloy Powder: Part 1—Effects of Compaction Loads and Heat Treatments
Authors: Bonatti Rodrigo Silva , Bortolozo Ausdinir D. , Baldo Rodrigo F.G. , Poloni Erik , Osório Wislei R.
Published: September 2023

Powder metallurgy is a preferred manufacturing method in various industries because it offers design flexibility, material efficiency and a cost-effective production. In this work, we study the effects of different compaction directions on the strength of parts produced by powder metallurgy. Al–4wt.%Cu alloys are used due to their recyclability, and three distinctive compaction pressures are applied, resulting in two sample groups. One group is air-cooled after sintering, while the other is water-quenched and naturally aged (T4 temper). Both the compressive and tensile strengths are measured and analyzed. The study reveals that both heat treatments and compaction directions significantly influence anisotropic strengths. The novelty of this research lies in the use of powders that can be reused from machining, turning, or foundry rejection. By omitting or reducing the melting stage and employing simple powder metallurgy, the cost-effective and environmentally friendly processes are achieved. The planning of compaction load, compaction direction, and heat treatments is found to play a crucial role in determining the final mechanical performance. Notably, this approach aligns with the environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices that have been increasingly adopted by industry.
Long-Term Organ Complications: The True Public Health Concern in SARSCoV-2 Infection
Authors: palacios castrillo Ronald
Published: September 2023

The collective considerations presented here lead to a crucial question: What truly constitutes the primary public health challenge posed by SARSCoV-2 infection and its variants?The findings of Bowen et al.(1) and Noé et al.(4) have offered us new insights into the actual repercussions of SARSCoV-2 virus infections on public health. They unmistakably point to the late sequelae and complications arising as secondary effects of the viral infection, causing severe and long-term damage to global public health. Rather than the acute infection which has a very low mortality rate in the general population, as initially and commonly believed.
How Human Alike Connected Autonomous Vehicles Affect Traffic Conditions in Urban Environment?
Authors: Dinar Yousuf , Qurashi Moeid , Papantoniou Panagiotis , Antoniou Constantinos
Published: September 2023

Different methodologies are being used to study the effects of autonomous vehicle (AV) in the mixed traffic indicating the interaction among autonomous and human-driven vehicles. Micro-scopic simulation tools are popular in such assessment as it offers scope to experiment in eco-nomical, robust, and optimistic way. Lack of reliable real-world data to calibrate and evaluate the connected autonomous vehicles (CAV) simulation model is a major challenge. One interesting methodology could be dealing the CAVs as conventional human driven vehicles and predict its possible characteristics based on the simulation inputs. The conventional human driven vehicles from real world, in this methodology, come to aid as benchmark to offer the measure of effective-ness (MoE) for the calibration and validation.
For the three most common driving modules, a sensitivity analysis of the driving behaviors of AVs and an effect assessment of CAVs in a mixed traffic environment were done to explore the human alike autonomous technology. The findings show that, up to a point, which is directly re-lated to the quantity of interacting vehicles, the impact of CAVs is typically favorable. This study validates the approach and supports past studies by showing that CAVs perform better in traffic than AVs for traffic performance and safety aspects. On top of that, the sensitivity analysis has shown that enhancements in technology are required for obtaining the maximum advantages.
Circular Economy and Solid Waste Management: Connections from a Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Reis Wender Freitas , Barreto Cristiane Gomes , Capelari Mauro Guilherme Maidana
Published: September 2023

The circular economy (CE) has emerged as a viable alternative for tackling the problems caused by rising consumption, including solid waste (SW). The present study conducted a meta-analysis of research published between 2012 and 2022 on CE and solid waste management (SWM). A bibliometric analysis was used from the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. By studying the articles, we briefly discussed the connections between them and how one contributes to the evolution of the other. Some findings point to greater collaboration between Italy and Bolivia, followed by China and Malaysia. However, they move away from the traditional axes as the United States and Canada. In addition, it was found that the adoption of reuse and selective collection, in fact, allow the reduction of the volume of discarded materials. In this way, it was possible to conclude that a greater connection between CE and GRS makes it possible to optimize the useful life of landfills through the treatment of organic waste and recycling, to encourage waste picker cooperatives and selective collection programs, and to reduce the financial costs of the system as a whole, making it more durable and sustainable.
Impact of COVID-19 on Child Development: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jones Maude , Walker Joy , Jones Elizabeth
Published: September 2023

Background: As a result of the pandemic, families and children have faced physical, emotional, and mental challenges. However, there has been little attention given to the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and child development. This systematic review aims to identify the impact of the pandemic on child development, globally. Methods: This study follows the PRISMA guidelines for the systematic review of 16 quantitative and qualitative studies conducted between 2020-2023. Results: This systematic review suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic played a crucial role in hindering child development in early childhood. Conclusion: Therefore, it is important to promote and implement the use of policies and strategies to overcome these obstacles.
Simulation and Experimental of Infiltration and Solidification Process for Al2O3(3D)/5083Al Interpenetrating Phase Composite Prepared by Low-Pressure Infiltration
Authors: Jiang Yanli , Xu Pianpian , Zhang Chen , Jin Fengjun , Li Yichao , Cao Xiuling , Yu Liang
Published: September 2023

Understanding the infiltration and solidification processes of liquid 5083Al alloy into Al2O3 three-dimensional reticulated porous ceramic (Al2O3(3D) RPC) is essential for optimizing the microstructure and properties of Al2O3(3D)/5083Al interpenetrating phase composites (IPCs) prepared by low-pressure infiltration process (LPIP). This study employs ProCAST software to simulate the infiltration and solidification processes of liquid 5083Al with pouring velocities (PV) of 0.4 m/s infiltrating into Al2O3(3D) RPC preforms with varying porosities at different pouring temperatures (PT) to prepare Al2O3(3D)/5083Al IPCs using LPIP. The results demonstrate that pore diameter of Al2O3(3D) RPC preforms and PT of liquid 5083Al significantly influence the of the infiltration. Solidification process analysis reveals that the Al2O3(3D) RPC preform with smaller pore diameters allows the lower pouring velocity of 5083Al to solidify faster compared to the preform with larger pore diameters. Al2O3(3D)/5083Al IPCs were prepared successfully from Al2O3(3D) RPC porosity of 15 PPI with liquid 5083Al at PV 0.4 m/s and PT 800 °C using LPIP, resulting in nearly fully dense composites, where both Al2O3(3D) RPCs and 5083Al interpenetrate throughout the microstructure. The infiltration and solidification defects were reduced under air pressure of 0.3 MPa (corresponding to PV of 0.4 m/s) during LPIP. Finite volume method simulations are in good agreement with experimental data, validating the suitability of the simplified model for Al2O3(3D) RPCs in the infiltration simulation.
Combined Biomarker System Predicts Prognosis in Patients with Metastatic Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Khromov Tatjana , Fischer Lucas , Leha Andreas , Bremmer Felix , Fischer Andreas , Schliephake Henning , Rahat Michal A. , Brockmeyer Phillipp
Published: September 2023

Background: Metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is associated with poor patient prognosis. Metastasis is a complex process involving various proteins, tumor cell alterations including changes caused by the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and interactions with the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, we investigate a combined protein marker system consisting of connexin 43 (Cx43), EMMPRIN (CD147), E-cadherin and vimentin during the invasive metastatic process of OSCC and the possibility of using this system for prognosis prediction. Methods: The protein expression profiles of Cx43, EMMPRIN, E-cadherin and vimentin were investigated by immunohistochemistry in tissue samples from 24 OSCC patients. The metastatic process was mapped through different regions of interest (ROI) of adjacent healthy oral mucosa (OM), center of primary OSCC, invasive front (IF), and local cervical lymph node metastases (LNM). Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were the primary clinical endpoints. Results: Significant changes in the expression profiles of the different marker proteins were detected between the different ROIs (all p values < 0.05). Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed a significant effect of increased EMMPRIN expression towards IF on DFS (p = 0.019) and OS (p = 0.023). The combined predictive analysis showed a significant predictive value of the marker system for DFS (p = 0.0017) and OS (p = 0.00044). Conclusions: The combined marker system was able to significantly predict patient prognosis. An increase in EMMPRIN expression towards IF showed the strongest effect and could be an interesting new antimetastatic therapy approach.
Energy Management and Environmental Protection in Indus-trial Parks: A Comparative Study of Central Taiwan Science Park and Silicon Glen
Authors: Chen Fu-Hsuan , Liu Hao-Ren
Published: September 2023

This investigation delves into an examination of the growth dynamics observed in Central Taiwan Science Park (CTSP) and Silicon Glen in Scotland, with a specific focus on their energy, environmental, and economic management. The aim is to predict and evaluate the latest advancements and applications of technology. In terms of energy, CTSP focuses on Taiwan's supply security and green transformation challenges, while Silicon Glen emphasizes Scotland's wind energy generation technologies. Both regions are committed to the development of renewable energy and smart grids. Regarding environmental aspects, CTSP and Silicon Glen prioritize environmental protection and sustainable development by implementing measures for environmental monitoring. In terms of economic management, CTSP, and Silicon Glen serve as key technology industry hubs This investigation delves into an examination of the growth dynamics observed in Central Tai-wan Science Park (CTSP) and Silicon Glen in Scotland, with a specific focus on their energy, environmental, and economic management. The aim is to predict and evaluate the latest advancements and applications of technology. In terms of energy, CTSP focuses on Taiwan's supply security and green transformation challenges, while Silicon Glen emphasizes Scotland's wind energy generation technologies. Both regions are committed to the development of renewable energy and smart grids. Regarding environmental aspects, CTSP and Silicon Glen prioritize environmental protection and sustainable development by implementing measures for environmental monitoring. In terms of economic management, CTSP, and Silicon Glen serve as key technology industry hubs in Taiwan and Scotland, respectively, attracting numerous high-tech and startup enterprises. Various means facilitate the growth of industries and foster innovations in different industrial spheres. Important factors contributing to this growth include policy support, availability of research materials, and provision of infrastructure. This research paper compares the successful case studies of two industrial parks, along with their environmental and economic management strategies. It explores the management principles that ensure the sustainable development and economic growth of industrial parks, aiming to assist decision-makers and relevant stakeholders in evaluating the sustainable development planning of industrial parks.
Clinical and Histopathologic Predictors of Survival among Children with Retinoblastoma from Two Tertiary Health Facilities in Uganda
Authors: Atwine Raymond , Laffita Damaris , Birungi Abraham , Kiconco Ritah , Waddell Keith
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumour that develops from the immature cells of the retina. It is the most frequent type of paediatric intraocular cancer and is curable. Clinical and histological findings after enucleation of the affected eye dictate not only the patient's secondary care but also their prognosis. We assessed the clinical and histopathologic predictors of survival among children with retinoblastoma from two tertiary health facilities in Uganda. METHODS: This retrospective research utilized archived formalin fixed & paraffin embedded blocks of eye specimens enucleated between 2014 to 2016 at Mbarara University, pathology department and Ruharo Eye Centre. The specimens were then processed and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The confirmation of retinoblastoma was made to include histologic stage and features of the tumor. Biographic data of the patients and the clinical features such as leukocoria, proptosis, phthisis, staphyloma, buphthalmos were retrieved from the records.RESULTS: Males (55.1%) dominated the study population (N=78). The median age was 31 months. The commonest clinical sign was leukocoria (69.2%) and the most abundant histopathological stage was stage 1 (41%). Optic nerve invasion 39.5%, choroidal invasion 29.5%, scleral invasion 7.7% and orbital extension 16.7% were seen. Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes were seen in 24.6%. Necrosis was a prominent feature (71.2%). The two-year survival was estimated to be 62%. Leukocoria (RR 1.1), female gender (RR 1.4), intralaminar optic nerve invasion (RR 7.6) and a lack of orbital extension (RR- 7) were significant predictors of survival.CONCLUSION: Leukocoria and proptosis are noticeable clinical signs of retinoblastoma. Most patients present while in stage one although stage four presentation is also common. Leukocoria, optic nerve invasion, orbital extension, and gender are significant factors predictive of survival in patients with retinoblastoma.
Characterization of Axial Forces to the Head during Kipping Handstand Push-ups
Authors: Bove Geoffrey
Published: September 2023

The kipping handstand push-up (kHSPU) is an exercise performed by millions of people. The safety of kHSPUs has been questioned because of vertical impacts upon the head. Here, we measured the axial loads placed upon the head during kHSPUs and sought to identify other factors that may place participants at risk of injury. 16 volunteers from a single gym performed 3 sets of up to 7 kHSPUs with their head and one hand contacting force platforms. Forces were recorded continuously and video recording were made while performing the exercises. The force profiles showed distinct landing and kipping peaks. Participants landed with more force than during their normal headstand, but less than their body weight. The force on the head was greatest during the "kip," and was usually more than body weight. Participants who reported pain following kHSPUs moved their head into extension during the exercises. Forces to the head during kHSPUs were below forces proposed for damage to the young cervical spine, with minimum estimated safety factors of 4.3 for landing and 3.8 for kipping. While kipping handstand push-ups may be safe for young and previously uninjured athletes, they may be unsafe for those with previous injury or other compromising factors.
Metal Element Traces Sampled from Peri-Urban Road Verge Particulate Matter
Authors: Popa Rareș-Mihăiță , Mustață Dan-Marius , Ionel Ioana , Balogh Ramon-Mihai
Published: September 2023

The objective of this research is to analyze metal elements like Na (sodium), Mg (magnesium), Al (aluminum), Si (silicon), Pb (lead), K (potassium), Ca (calcium), and Fe (iron) found in dust particles within two distinct areas from which the sampling has been done. First sampling was taken from the road verge of a highly trafficked road section, while the second sampling was done in a residential garden area 90 m away from the road. Several metal elements have been detected, with a high difference for Silicon Si, which present higher concentrations in the dust sampled from the road verge area. Pb has only been detected in the samples taken from the road verge, which could be explained by residual remnants from old lead gasoline, and wheel weights. Additionally, airborne particulate matter (PM) concentrations have been measured, during the same episode, in comparison between the road verge and the garden area, presenting a substantial difference in the concentration levels, deducing that dense vegetation is protecting and blocking a majority of airborne PM. A literature highlight of health effects of different metal elements and PM concentrations is presented.
Intelligent Image Recognition System for Preventing Wrong Side Upper Limb Surgery
Authors: Wu Yi-Chao , Chang Chao-Yun , Huang Yu-Tse , Chen Sung-Yuan , Chen Cheng-Hsuan , Kao Hsuan-Kai
Published: September 2023

Our image recognition system mainly judges whether the left upper limb in the image is the left upper limb or the right upper limb through our deep learning model in the image. The doctor then could give the correct surgical position. From the experimental results, it could be found that the precision rate and recall rate of the intelligent image recognition system proposed in this paper for preventing the upper limb dislocation surgery could reach 98% and 93%, respectively. It proved that our intelligent image recognition system could indeed assist orthopedic surgeons to prevent the occurrence of left and right dislocation in upper limb surgery. At the same time, this paper also completes the IRB application approval through the prototype experimental results and will conduct the second phase of human trials in the future. It showed that the research results of this paper will be of great benefit and research value to upper limb orthopedic surgery.
STABILIZATION OF LATERITIC SOIL SAMPLE FROM IJOKO WITH CEMENT KILN DUST AND LIME
Authors: AKINBULUMA AYODEJI
Published: September 2023

Abstract

 

When building roads and paved surfaces, a strong foundation is always essential. A durable material that can withstand years of traffic while staying trustworthy must be used to build the foundation. A frequent problem in the construction of roads and pavements is the lack of high-quality, long-lasting materials for the pavement structure (base, subbase, and subgrade). Hence, this study examined stabilization of lateritic soil sample from Ijoko with cement kiln dust and lime.  The study adopted the experimental design. Laboratory test were conducted on classification, swelling potential, compaction, California bearing ratio (CBR), unconfined compressive tests, among others were conducted on the laterite sample treated with cement kiln dust (CKD) and lime in incremental order of 2% up to 10% of dry weight soft soil sample. The results of the test showed that the studied soil can be classified as an A-7-6 and CL soil using American Association of State Highway and transport officials (AASHTO) and unified soil classification system (USCS) respectively. The plasticity (PI) of the studied soil reduced from 30.5% to 29.9% at the application of CKD. The maximum dry density on the application of CKD reduced from 1.9.7 mg/m3 to 1.86mg/m3 and lime application yielded a reduction from 1.97mg/m3 to 1.88.mg/m3. The swell potential on CKD application was reduced from 0.05 to 0.039%. The study concluded that soil stabilizations are effective and economic way of improving road pavement for engineering benefit. The degree of effectiveness of stabilization in pavement construction was found to depend on the type of soil to be stabilized. The study therefore recommended that stabilized soil mixtures should be used to subbase material for flexible pavement since is a suitable.

 

Key words : Lateritic Soils, Sand,  Cement, Stabilization, Road Pavement

 

 

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Activity Space Assessments to Investigate Neighborhood Exposure to Racism-Related Stress and Related Substance Use Among Young Black Men: Connecticut, 2019
Authors: Taggart Tamara , Ransome Yusuf , Andreou Ashley , Song Insang , Kershaw Trace , Milburn Norweeta
Published: September 2023

Objectives. To use activity space assessments to investigate neighborhood exposures that may heighten young Black men’s vulnerability to substance use and misuse.

Methods. We surveyed young Black men in New Haven, Connecticut in 2019 on the locations (activity spaces) they traveled to in a typical week and their experiences of racism and any alcohol and cannabis use at each location.

Results. A total of 112 young Black men (mean age = 23.57 years; SD = 3.20) identified 583 activity spaces. There was significant overlap between racism-related events and substance use (alcohol and cannabis use) at specific locations. Areas with a higher prevalence of violent crime also had a greater frequency of racism-related events and substance use.

Conclusions. An activity space approach is a promising method for integrating objective and subjective experiences within neighborhood contexts to better understand the frequency and co-occurrence of racism-related stress and substance use among young Black men. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(S2):S136–S139. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307254 )
Using Modernized Medicaid Data to Advance Evidence-Based Improvements in Maternal Health
Authors: Daw Jamie R. , Auty Samantha G. , Admon Lindsay K. , Gordon Sarah H.
Published: September 2023

Medicaid is the primary payor for nearly half of all births in the United States and plays a disproportionate role in covering maternity care for low-income people, rural people, and minoritized racial groups.

Newly available, modernized Medicaid claims data—the Transformed Medicaid Statistical Information System Analytic Files (TAF)—offer a significant opportunity to conduct novel research that can drive the development of evidence-based programs and policies for Medicaid beneficiaries before, during, and after pregnancy. Yet, the public health research community has so far underused the TAF for maternal health research.

We provide an overview of the TAF and how they compare to other major data sets available to study maternal health. We highlight some major limitations of the TAF and offer strategies to maximize the potential of these novel data to accelerate timely, rigorous research to improve maternal health and health equity. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(7):805–810. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307287 )
Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Interpersonal Violence Within Marginalized Communities: Toward a New Prevention Paradigm
Authors: Smith-Clapham Amber M. , Childs Julia E. , Cooley-Strickland Michele , Hampton-Anderson Joya , Novacek Derek M. , Pemberton Jennifer V. , Wyatt Gail E.
Published: September 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, reports of domestic violence across the United States increased from 21% to 35%. Stay-at-home orders, designed to protect the public against the spread of COVID-19, along with heightened societal stressors as a result of the global pandemic, inadvertently increased rates of illicit drug and alcohol use, job loss, and isolation, resulting in increased stress and nonphysical (e.g., psychological, emotional, economic, technological) abuse that often escalated to physical violence.

These processes were exacerbated in marginalized communities. These risks were heightened among Black women and Latinas, who experience high rates of domestic violence, long-standing distrust in law enforcement, and compromised self-reporting or anonymous reporting of abuse.

We make recommendations for training key stakeholders (e.g., law enforcement, mental health clinicians, and public health care professionals) to facilitate the safety and well-being of domestic violence survivors and to better manage prevention or intervention efforts targeted at domestic violence. We make public health policy suggestions for individuals, communities, and governing structures. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(S2):S149–S156. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307289 )
Examining Smoking Prevalence Disparities in Virginia Counties by Rurality, Appalachian Status, and Social Vulnerability, 2011–2019
Authors: Pilehvari Asal , You Wen , Krukowski Rebecca A. , Little Melissa A.
Published: September 2023

Objectives. To estimate county-level cigarette smoking prevalence in Virginia and examine cigarette use disparities by rurality, Appalachian status, and county-level social vulnerability.

Methods. We used 2011–2019 Virginia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System proprietary data with geographical information to estimate county-level cigarette smoking prevalence using small area estimation. We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s social vulnerability index to quantify social vulnerability. We used the 2-sample statistical t test to determine the differences in cigarette smoking prevalence and social vulnerability between counties by rurality and Appalachian status.

Results. The absolute difference in smoking prevalence was 6.16 percentage points higher in rural versus urban counties and 7.52 percentage points higher in Appalachian versus non-Appalachian counties in Virginia (P < .001). Adjusting for county characteristics, a higher social vulnerability index is associated with increased cigarette use. Rural Appalachian counties had 7.41% higher cigarette use rates than did urban non-Appalachian areas. Tobacco agriculture and a shortage of health care providers were significantly associated with higher cigarette use prevalence.

Conclusions. Rural Appalachia and socially vulnerable counties in Virginia have alarmingly high rates of cigarette use. Implementation of targeted intervention strategies could reduce cigarette use, ultimately reducing tobacco-related health disparities. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(7):811–814. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307298 )
Falling Behind: The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy Between the United States and Other Countries, 1933–2021
Authors: Woolf Steven H.
Published: September 2023

Objectives. To document the evolution of the US life expectancy disadvantage and regional variation across the US states.

Methods. I obtained life expectancy estimates in 2022 from the United Nations, the Human Mortality Database, and the US Mortality Database, and calculated changes in growth rates, US global position (rank), and state-level trends.

Results. Increases in US life expectancy slowed from 1950 to 1954 (0.21 years/annum) and 1955 to 1973 (0.10 years/annum), accelerated from 1974 to 1982 (0.34 years/annum), and progressively deteriorated from 1983 to 2009 (0.15 years/annum), 2010 to 2019 (0.06 years/annum), and 2020 to 2021 (–0.97 years/annum). Other countries experienced faster growth in each phase except 1974 to 1982. During 1933 to 2021, 56 countries on 6 continents surpassed US life expectancy. Growth in US life expectancy was slowest in Midwest and South Central states.

Conclusions. The US life expectancy disadvantage began in the 1950s and has steadily worsened over the past 4 decades. Dozens of globally diverse countries have outperformed the United States. Causal factors appear to have been concentrated in the Midwest and South.

Public Health Implications. Policies that differentiate the United States from other countries and circumstances associated with the Midwest and South may have contributed. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(9):970–980. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307310 )
CRISPR in Public Health: The Health Equity Implications and Role of Community in Gene-Editing Research and Applications
Authors: Subica Andrew M.
Published: September 2023

CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) is a Nobel Prize–winning technology that holds significant promise for revolutionizing the prevention and treatment of human disease through gene editing. However, CRISPR’s public health implications remain relatively uncertain and underdiscussed because (1) targeting genetic factors alone will have limited influence on population health, and (2) minority populations (racial/ethnic, sexual and gender)—who bear the nation’s greatest health burdens—historically suffer unequal benefits from emerging health care innovations and tools.

This article introduces CRISPR and its potential public health benefits (e.g., improving virus surveillance, curing genetic diseases that pose public health problems such as sickle cell anemia) while outlining several major ethical and practical threats to health equity. This includes minorities’ grave underrepresentation in genomics research, which may lead to less effective and accepted CRISPR tools and therapies for these groups, and their anticipated unequal access to these tools and therapies in health care.

Informed by the principles of fairness, justice, and equitable access, ensuring gene editing promotes rather than diminishes health equity will require the meaningful centering and engagement of minority patients and populations in gene-editing research using community-based participatory research approaches. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(8):874–882. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307315 )