bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic turning and running of a hexapod robot using a separated and laterally arranged two-leg model
Authors: Chang I-Chia , Lin Pei-Chun
Published: March 2023

We report on the development of separated and laterally arranged two-leg (SLTL) models with/without differentiated leg properties and their use as the dynamic running and turning templates for a hexapod robot. The laterally arranged two-leg morphology enables differential driving for turning. The differentiable leg settings, such as stiffness, enables the model to adopt unbalanced leg arrangements of empirical legged gaits, such as a tripod gait, into consideration. The fixed-point motion of the model was utilized as the main methodology to plan dynamic running and turning, in which the plot of one-step distance versus period was constructed for the legs’ operation point selection and matching. The proposed methodology was experimentally validated using four indices: turning curvature, flight phase, motion stability, and energy efficiency. The experimental results show that the running robot using the SLTL model with differentiated leg stiffness has better energy efficiency than one without by 4%, while the latter model has identical performance to the original spring-loaded inverted pendulum model with rolling contact. As for turning, the robot using the SLTL models with/without differentiated leg stiffness can preserve dynamic turning in all experiments with turning curvatures up to

0.28

m

−
1

and

0.30

m

−
1

, respectively,

33
%

and

43
%

more than the robot using the original model-less phase-shift turning strategy (

0.21

 

m

−
1

). Using the proposed model-based strategy, the flight phase of the robot turning in all curvatures (including straight running) maintains around 20%, the root-mean-squared (RMS) values of pitch and roll remains less than

3

 

deg

, and the specific resistance (

S
R

) is bounded between

0.64

 and 

0.73

. By contrast, the robot using the phase-shifting turning strategy can maintain dynamic motion up to a turning curvature of

0.21

 

m

−
1

. A further increase in phase shifting not only does not increase the turning curvature but also changes the robot motion from running to walking. In this case, no flight phase exists, the

S
R

jumps up significantly, and RMS values of pitch and roll also increase dramatically. In short, the experimental validation confirms the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for initiating the dynamic running and turning of the robot.
KdV breathers on a cnoidal wave background
Authors: Hoefer Mark A , Mucalica Ana , Pelinovsky Dmitry E
Published: March 2023

Using the Darboux transformation for the Korteweg–de Vries equation, we construct and analyze exact solutions describing the interaction of a solitary wave and a traveling cnoidal wave. Due to their unsteady, wavepacket-like character, these wave patterns are referred to as breathers. Both elevation (bright) and depression (dark) breather solutions are obtained. The nonlinear dispersion relations demonstrate that the bright (dark) breathers propagate faster (slower) than the background cnoidal wave. Two-soliton solutions are obtained in the limit of degeneration of the cnoidal wave. In the small amplitude regime, the dark breathers are accurately approximated by dark soliton solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. These results provide insight into recent experiments on soliton-dispersive shock wave interactions and soliton gases.
Development of a biomimetic arch-like 3D bioprinted construct for cartilage regeneration using gelatin methacryloyl and silk fibroin-gelatin bioinks
Authors: Chakraborty Juhi , Fernández-Pérez Julia , van Kampen Kenny A , Roy Subhadeep , ten Brink Tim , Mota Carlos , Ghosh Sourabh , Moroni Lorenzo
Published: March 2023

In recent years, engineering biomimetic cellular microenvironments have been a top priority for regenerative medicine. Collagen II, which is arranged in arches, forms the predominant fiber network in articular cartilage. Due to the shortage of suitable microfabrication techniques capable of producing 3D fibrous structures, in vitro replication of the arch-like cartilaginous tissue constitutes one of the major challenges. Hence, in the present study, we report a 3D bioprinting approach for fabricating arch-like constructs using two types of bioinks, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMa) and silk fibroin-gelatin (SF-G). The bioprinted SF-G constructs displayed increased proliferation of the encapsulated human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells compared to the GelMA constructs. Biochemical assays, gene, and protein expression exhibited the superior role of SF-G in forming the fibrous collagen network and chondrogenesis. Protein-protein interaction study using Metascape evaluated the function of the proteins involved. Further GeneMANIA and STRING analysis using Col 2A1, SOX 9, ACAN, and the genes upregulated on day 21 in RT-PCR, i.e. β-catenin, TGFβR1, Col 1A1 in SF-G and PRG4, Col 10A1, MMP 13 in GelMA validated our in vitro results. These findings emphasized the role of SF-G in regulating the Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β signaling pathways. Hence, the 3D bioprinted arch-like constructs possess a substantial potential for cartilage regeneration.
Investigation of electron cyclotron wave absorption and current drive in CFETR hybrid scenario plasmas
Authors: WANG Hanlin , WANG Xiaojie , ZHANG Chao , TANG Yunying , LIU Fukun
Published: March 2023

The investigation of electron cyclotron (EC) wave absorption and current drive has been performed for the China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) hybrid scenarios using the TORAY code. To achieve the physics goal of the EC system in CFETR, a total of four wave frequency values and nine locations of launching antennas have been considered, and the injection poloidal and toroidal angles have been scanned systematically. The electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) efficiency of the 170 GHz EC system is quite low due to the wave-particle interactions being located at the low-field side. To optimize the ECCD efficiency, the wave frequency is increased up to 221–250 GHz, which leads to the power being deposited at the high-field side. The off-axis ECCD efficiency can be significantly enhanced by launching EC waves from the top window and injecting them towards the high-field side. The optimized ECCD efficiency at ρ = 0.32 and at ρ = 0.4 is 2.9 and 2.2 times that of 170 GHz, respectively.
A method for constructing minimal projective resolutions over idempotent subrings
Authors: Klapproth Carlo
Published: March 2023

We show how to obtain minimal projective resolutions of finitely generated modules over an idempotent subring

Γ
e

≔
(
1
−
e
)
R
(
1
−
e
)

\Gamma _e ≔(1-e)R(1-e)

of a semiperfect noetherian basic ring

R
R

by a construction inside

m
o
d

R

\mathsf {mod}\,R

. This is then applied to investigate homological properties of idempotent subrings

Γ
e

\Gamma _e

under the assumption of

R

/

⟨
1
−
e
⟩

R/\langle 1-e\rangle

being a right artinian ring. In particular, we prove the conjecture by Ingalls and Paquette that a simple module

S
e

≔
e
R

/

rad
⁡
e
R

S_e ≔eR /\operatorname {rad}eR

with

Ext
R
1

⁡
(

S
e

,

S
e

)
=
0

\operatorname {Ext}_R^1(S_e,S_e) = 0

is self-orthogonal, that is

Ext
R
k

⁡
(

S
e

,

S
e

)

\operatorname {Ext}^k_R(S_e,S_e)

vanishes for all

k
≥
1

k \geq 1

, whenever

gldim
⁡
R

\operatorname {gldim}R

and

pdim
⁡
e
R
(
1
−
e

)

Γ
e

\operatorname {pdim}eR(1-e)_{\Gamma _e}

are finite. Indeed, a slightly more general result is established, which applies to sandwiched idempotent subrings: Suppose

e
∈
R

e \in R

is an idempotent such that all idempotent subrings

Γ
\Gamma

sandwiched between

Γ
e

\Gamma _e

and

R
R

, that is

Γ
e

⊆
Γ
⊆
R

\Gamma _e \subseteq \Gamma \subseteq R

, have finite global dimension. Then the simple summands of

S
e

S_e

can be numbered

S
1

,
…
,

S
n

S_1, \dots , S_n

such that

Ext
R
k

⁡
(

S
i

,

S
j

)
=
0

\operatorname {Ext}_R^k(S_i, S_j) = 0

for

1
≤
j
≤
i
≤
n

1 \leq j \leq i \leq n

and all

k
>
0

k > 0

.
Collective behavior for the delayed Cucker-Smale system in a harmonic potential field
Authors: Du Linglong , Han Xiaoyue , Wang Yue
Published: March 2023

We consider a time varying delayed Cucker-Smale system in a harmonic potential field and analyze its long time collective behavior. Under appropriate assumptions on the initial data, we show the asymptotic collective behavior when the time varying delay is uniformly bounded by a sufficiently small constant. Our strategies are based on the Lyapunov functional approach, forward-backward estimate and the continuity argument. Finally, some numerical tests are performed to illustrate the theoretical result.
Optimal condition for asymptotic consensus in the Hegselmann-Krause model with finite speed of information propagation
Authors: Haskovec Jan , Rodriguez Cartabia Mauro
Published: March 2023

We prove that asymptotic global consensus is always reached in the Hegselmann-Krause model with finite speed of information propagation

c

>
0

{\mathfrak {c}}>0

under minimal (i.e., necessary) assumptions on the influence function. In particular, we assume that the influence function is globally positive, which is necessary for reaching global consensus, and such that the agents move with speeds strictly less than

c

{\mathfrak {c}}

, which is necessary for well-posedness of solutions. From this point of view, our result is optimal. The proof is based on the fact that the state-dependent delay, induced by the finite speed of information propagation, is uniformly bounded.
Tropical curves in abelian surfaces II: Enumeration of curves in linear systems
Authors: Blomme Thomas
Published: March 2023

In this paper, second installment in a series of three, we give a correspondence theorem to relate the count of genus

g
g

curves in a fixed linear system of an abelian surface passing through

g
−
2

g-2

points to a tropical count. To do this, we relate the linear system defined by a complex curve to certain integrals of

1
1

-forms over cycles on the curve. We then give an expression for the tropical multiplicity provided by the correspondence theorem, and prove the invariance for the associated refined multiplicity, thus introducing refined invariants of Block-Göttsche type in abelian surfaces.
Weighted monotonicity theorems and applications to minimal surfaces of ℍⁿ and 𝕊ⁿ
Authors: Nguyen Manh Tien
Published: March 2023

We prove that in a Riemannian manifold

M
M

, each function whose Hessian is proportional the metric tensor yields a weighted monotonicity theorem. Such function appears in the Euclidean space, the round sphere

S

n

{S}^n

and the hyperbolic space

H

n

\mathbb {H}^n

as the distance function, the Euclidean coordinates of

R

n
+
1

\mathbb {R}^{n+1}

and the Minkowskian coordinates of

R

n
,
1

\mathbb {R}^{n,1}

. Then we show that weighted monotonicity theorems can be compared and that in the hyperbolic case, this comparison implies three

S
O
(
n
,
1
)

SO(n,1)

-distinct unweighted monotonicity theorems. From these, we obtain upper bounds of the Graham–Witten renormalised area of a minimal surface in term of its ideal perimeter measured under different metrics of the conformal infinity. Other applications include a vanishing result for knot invariants coming from counting minimal surfaces of

H

n

\mathbb {H}^n

and a quantification of how antipodal a minimal submanifold of

S
n

S^n

has to be in term of its volume.
Cohesin: an emerging master regulator at the heart of cardiac development
Authors: Mfarej Michael G. , Hyland Caitlin A. , Sanchez Annie C. , Falk Matthias M. , Iovine M. Kathryn , Skibbens Robert V.
Published: March 2023

Cohesins are ATPase complexes that play central roles in cellular processes such as chromosome division, DNA repair, and gene expression. Cohesinopathies arise from mutations in cohesin proteins or cohesin complex regulators and encompass a family of related developmental disorders that present with a range of severe birth defects, affect many different physiological systems, and often lead to embryonic fatality. Treatments for cohesinopathies are limited, in large part due to the lack of understanding of cohesin biology. Thus, characterizing the signaling networks that lie upstream and downstream of cohesin-dependent pathways remains clinically relevant. Here, we highlight alterations in cohesins and cohesin regulators that result in cohesinopathies, with a focus on cardiac defects. In addition, we suggest a novel and more unifying view regarding the mechanisms through which cohesinopathy-based heart defects may arise.
A Dictionary of Weather
Authors: Dunlop Storm
Published: March 2023

‘The definitive reference for all things meteorological’—Bill Giles

Over 2,300 entries

An authoritative and comprehensive dictionary of weather, forecasting, and climate terms with illustrative examples of specific events and extremes. Weather records and climate data from around the world are given and key terms from the related fields of oceanography, hydrology, and climatology are also covered.

Revised and updated, this edition includes 270 new and revised entries, such as Bergen School, hair ice, Lightning Imaging Sensor, meddy, Sir William Reid, and sun pillar.

This is a unique dictionary and an essential reference source for meteorology and geography students, whether at school or university, as well as for amateur meteorologists and the general reader.
Musical Ontology and the Audibility of Musical Works
Authors: Gutiérrez Sofía Meléndez
Published: March 2023

There are compelling reasons to believe that musical works are abstract. However, this hypothesis conflicts with the platitude that musical works are appreciated by means of audition: the things that enter our ear canals and make our eardrums vibrate must be concrete, so how can musical works be listened to if they are abstract? This question constitutes the audibility problem. In this paper, I assess Julian Dodd’s elaborate attempt to solve it, and contend that Dodd’s attempt is unsuccessful. Then I discuss what I take to be the ideal response to the audibility problem, and show that it ultimately fails. I contend, consequently, that the project of construing musical works as audible is disheartening. Accordingly, in my last section, I will argue the audibility problem may be satisfactorily resolved without ascribing audibility to musical works.
Elevated troponin I is associated with a worse long-term prognosis in patients undergoing beating-heart coronary surgery
Authors: Kim Kang Min , Kim Sang Yoon , Jung Joon Chul , Chang Hyoung Woo , Lee Jae Hang , Kim Dong Jung , Kim Jun Sung , Lim Cheong , Park Kay-Hyun
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES

The impacts of elevated troponin I levels after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) on long-term outcomes were investigated.

METHODS

A total of 996 patients who underwent elective isolated CABG for stable or unstable angina were enrolled. Patients were divided into higher and lower groups based on 80th percentile postoperative peak troponin I (ppTnI) levels. The relationship between ppTnI and long-term clinical outcomes was analysed.

RESULTS

The median ppTnI was 1.55 (2.74) ng/ml and was significantly higher in the conventional CABG subgroup than in the beating-heart CABG subgroup: 4.04 (4.71) vs 1.24 (1.99) ng/ml, P < 0.001. The 80th percentile of ppTnI was 3.3 ng/ml in the beating-heart CABG subgroup and 8.9 ng/ml in the conventional CABG subgroup. In the conventional CABG subgroup (n = 150), 10-year overall survival showed no significant difference between the higher (≥8.9 ng/ml) and lower (<8.9 ng/ml) ppTnI groups: 71% (10%) vs 76% (5%), P = 0.316. However, the beating-heart CABG subgroup (n = 846) showed significantly worse 10-year overall survival in the higher ppTnI group (≥3.3 ng/ml) than in the lower ppTnI group (<3.3 ng/ml): 64% (6%) vs 73% (3%), P = 0.010. In the beating-heart CABG subgroup, multivariable analysis showed that ppTnI exceeding the 80th percentile was a risk factor for overall death (hazard ratio: 1.505, 95% confidence interval: 1.019–2.225, P = 0.040).

CONCLUSIONS

Higher ppTnI over the 80th percentile was associated with worse long-term survival in beating-heart CABG, but not in conventional CABG.
Gene flow accelerates adaptation to a parasite
Authors: Lewis Jordan A , Kandala Prathyusha , Penley McKenna J , Morran Levi T
Published: March 2023

Gene flow into populations can increase additive genetic variation and introduce novel beneficial alleles, thus facilitating adaptation. However, gene flow may also impede adaptation by disrupting beneficial genotypes, introducing deleterious alleles, or creating novel dominant negative interactions. While theory and fieldwork have provided insight into the effects of gene flow, direct experimental tests are rare. Here, we evaluated the effects of gene flow on adaptation in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans during exposure to the bacterial parasite, Serratia marcescens. We evolved hosts against nonevolving parasites for 10 passages while controlling host gene flow and source population. We used source nematode populations with three different genetic backgrounds (one similar to the sink population and two different) and two evolutionary histories (previously adapted to S. marcescens or naive). We found that populations with gene flow exhibited greater increases in parasite resistance than those without gene flow. Additionally, gene flow from adapted populations resulted in greater increases in resistance than gene flow from naive populations, particularly with gene flow from novel genetic backgrounds. Overall, this work demonstrates that gene flow can facilitate adaptation and suggests that the genetic architecture and evolutionary history of source populations can alter the sink population’s response to selection.
Heat and mass transfer in different concrete structures: a study of self-compacting concrete and geopolymer concrete
Authors: Ebid Ahmed M , Onyelowe Kennedy C , Kontoni Denise-Penelope N , Gallardo Alberto Quintana , Hanandeh Shadi
Published: March 2023

Thermal characteristics of concrete are one of the main topics in concrete technology researches. They were extensively studied since the 1980s to predict the behavior of the concrete in fire and the performance of massive concrete. However, this topic was raised again after 2010 as a part of sustainable, energy effective and ecofriendly buildings studies. The aim of this research is to present a comparison between the thermal characteristics of self-compacted concrete (SCC) and the geopolymer concrete (GPC) using collected previous researches. More than fifty references were collected, sorted and analyzed in the last forty years. The results showed that (GPC) has better thermal characteristics, such as thermal conductivity, heat capacity, fire resistance, while (SCC) has better mechanical properties, such as compressive strength, early strength and elastic modulus. Besides that, from ecological point of view, partially replacing of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with microencapsulated phase change materials (MPCM), such as fly ash, silica fume, slag and metakaolin, remarkably decreases the CO2 footprint of construction industry.
Thermal optimization research of vertical tube climbing film desalination system
Authors: Yang Yong , Ren Xiaotong , Li Yiqiao , Yuan Dayuan , Guo Yali , Zhang Kun , Shen Shengqiang
Published: March 2023

Based on the pinch theory and energy cascade utilization principle, the performance of a multi-effect shipboard vertical tube climbing film desalination system combined thermal vapor compression with different preheating configuration has been analyzed. The mathematical model is established for thermodynamic simulation, in which various thermodynamic losses caused by boiling point elevation and pressure drop are considered, and the effective heat transfer temperature difference and the hot side temperature difference are used to analyze the influences of heating steam temperature, final effect evaporation temperature, and concentration ratio on thermal performance including gained output ratio (GOR)—specific heat transfer area for different preheating configuration. The results show that the internal average effective heat transfer temperature difference determines characteristics of multi-effect distillation (MED) system. While for system with similar average effective heat transfer temperature, the temperature difference of hot side is the controlling parameter. And the energy cascade utilization principle shows the controlling attribute in MED thermodynamic system, as GOR is improved mainly due to utilization of the secondary energy and residual energy of the heating steam for preheating process.
Morphometric and sexual characteristics ofMacrobrachium rosenbergii(De Man, 1879) from the Nyatoh River, Malaysia
Authors: Okomoda Victor Tosin , Hon Jung Liew , Suhairi Mazelan , Mohd Sabri Muda , Zaidi Ibrahim , Iffa Rezuan Rusdi , Rohisyamuddin Othman , Nurul Hayati Ismail , Gusti Afis Gusti Roslan , Sairatul Dahlianis Ishak , Ahmad Najmi Ishak , Nor Azman Kasan , Liqun Liang , Yumei Chang , Ikhwanuddin Mhd Abdullah
Published: March 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate the morphological variation of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) from the Nyatoh River, Terengganu state, Malaysia. Three hundred and thirty-five samples of M. rosenbergii comprising 41.5% males and 58.5% females were collected from August 2019 to October 2020. The bulk of the sample collection had small claws (69.1%), whereas those with orange and blue claws constituted 19.1% and 11.8%, respectively. The result obtained from the analysis of nine sets of morphometric data for both sexes showed univariate morphometric similarities and wide overlap in principal component analysis (PCA) without separation into unique clusters. Comparison by claw-type showed significant variation in the univariate analysis of the morphometric parameters measured in the following order: blue claw > orange claw > small claw. PCA did not cluster the prawns into different groups, hence multivariate analysis of morphometric parameters cannot be used to distinguish the prawn by claw type should the appendages be lost. Comparisons of the length-weight relationship data and condition factor suggest that the Terengganu River prawn population had a positive allometric growth pattern and were in good condition. The Pearson’s correlation analysis also showed a largely positive relationship between the morphometric data collected (with a few exceptions in the different morphotypes). The morphological measurements could not therefore be used to discriminate the sex and claw-type of freshwater prawn M. rosenbergii in the Nyatoh River.
Interactive Digital Platforms, Human Rights Fact Production, and the International Criminal Court
Authors: MacLean Ken
Published: March 2023

The International Criminal Court (ICC) initiated criminal proceedings against Ahmad Al Faqi Mahdi in 2016 for the war crime of directing the destruction of religious monuments in Timbuktu, Mali, in the context of a non-international conflict. The monuments included nine mausoleums of Sufi saints that Islamist groups regarded as idolatrous, one mosque, and approximately four thousand ancient manuscripts. The case, which successfully ended in a guilty plea, marks the first time that the ICC charged an individual with a ‘cultural heritage’ crime. The prosecution’s argument during the hearing relied heavily on an interactive digital platform that facilitated the organization, analysis, and presentation of the evidence to the court. SITU, an applied research organization, created the platform in collaboration with the ICC’s Office of the Prosecutor. It combined geospatial information, historic satellite imagery, photographs, open-source videos, and other types of site documentation to help the ICC judges visualize what was no longer physically there. The result was a digital reconstruction featuring structures and their contents lost to explosives, pickaxes, and hammers. The theoretical, methodological, and ethical issues that arose out of the collaboration, the focus of this article, highlights the multiple ways in which such platforms fashion ‘facts’ rather than objectively present them. A close analysis of the design decisions made, visualization techniques employed, and presentation strategies used to support the case against the defendant highlights both the possibilities and limits of such platforms as part of future international criminal proceedings.
Cardiac impacts of postoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer in Japanese patients
Authors: Segawa Erika , Jingu Keiichi , Umezawa Rei , Yamamoto Takaya , Takahashi Noriyoshi , Kadoya Noriyuki , Takeda Ken
Published: March 2023

Radiotherapy for breast cancer has attracted attention in Western countries because radiation to the heart can cause cardiac events. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the relationship between radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery and the frequency of cardiac events in Japanese patients and to investigate the risk factors of cardiac events after postoperative radiotherapy in those patients. Female patients who received postoperative radiotherapy following breast-conserving surgery between 2007 and 2012 at our hospital were evaluated. In this study, we estimated the cumulative incidence of cardiac events including angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, heart failure and cardiomyopathy after radiotherapy. Of 311 eligible patients, 7.1% of the patients had a smoking history, 20.3% of the patients were obese and 22.2% of the patients had hypertension. The median follow-up period was 118 months (interquartile range, 102–132 months). Twelve patients (3.9%) experienced cardiac events after treatment. The mean time to cardiac events was 126 months. The 10-year cumulative incidences of cardiac events after treatment were 4.2% and 4.3% for patients with left-sided and right-sided breast cancer, respectively, without a significant difference. Multivariate analysis showed that only hypertension was a risk factor for cardiac events (hazard ratio = 16.67, P = 0.0003). In conclusion, postoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer did not increase the incidence of cardiac events. Since at least 2007, postoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer has been safely performed without effects on the heart.
Assessing the reporting quality of adult neuro-oncology protocols, abstracts, and trials: Adherence to the SPIRIT and CONSORT statements
Authors: Suppree Joshua S , Patel Avni , Keshwara Sumirat M , Krishna Sandhya Trichinopoly , Gillespie Conor S , Richardson George E , Mustafa Mohammad A , Hart Sophia , Islim Abdurrahman I , Jenkinson Michael D , Millward Christopher P
Published: March 2023

Background

Comprehensive and transparent reporting of clinical trial activity is important. The Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) 2013 and Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 statements define the items to be reported in clinical trial protocols and randomized controlled trials, respectively. The aim of this methodological review was to assess the reporting quality of adult neuro-oncology trial protocols and trial result articles.

Methods

Adult primary and secondary brain tumor phase 3 trial protocols and result articles published after the introduction of the SPIRIT 2013 statement, were identified through searches of 4 electronic bibliographic databases. Following extraction of baseline demographic data, the reporting quality of independently included trial protocols and result articles was assessed against the SPIRIT and CONSORT statements respectively. The CONSORT-A checklist, an extension of the CONSORT 2010 statement, was used to specifically assess the abstract accompanying the trial results article. Percentage adherence (standard deviation [SD]) was calculated for each article.

Results

Seven trial protocols, and 36 trial result articles were included. Mean adherence of trial protocols to the SPIRIT statement was 79.4% (SD: 0.11). Mean adherence of trial abstracts to CONSORT-A was 75.3% (SD: 0.12) and trial result articles to CONSORT was 74.5% (SD: 0.10).

Conclusion

The reporting quality of adult neuro-oncology trial protocols and trial result articles requires improvement to ensure comprehensive and transparent communication of planned neuro-oncology clinical trials and results within the literature. Raising awareness by clinical triallists and implementing mandatory evidence of proof of adherence by journals should improve reporting quality.
Failure of Early Mycological Clearance in HIV-Negative Cryptococcal Meningitis
Authors: Su Zhihui , Luo Chongliang , Dai Kai , Yuan Dasen , Qin Bang-e , Gu Meifeng , Liu Junyu , Chen Yong , Peng Fuhua , Jiang Ying
Published: March 2023

Background

Negative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures at 2 weeks after antifungal treatment (early mycological clearance [EMC]) should be a treatment goal of cryptococcal meningitis (CM). However, EMC in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–negative patients with CM is poorly understood.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective review of medical records and 1-year follow-up of 141 HIV-negative patients with CM with an initial positive CSF culture for Cryptococcus neoformans. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to analyze clinical features and laboratory and CSF findings of patients with CM with different EMC statuses. Random forest models were used to predict failure of EMC. All-cause mortality and clinical functional status were analyzed.

Results

Of 141 patients, 28 (19.9%) had EMC failure. The 1-year mortality rate was 5.7% (8/141). Multivariate analysis showed that non–amphotericin B (AmB)–based regimens, baseline log10Cryptococcus count/mL, baseline CSF opening pressure (CSF-OP) >30 cm H2O, and baseline serum creatinine were significantly associated with EMC failure. A parsimonious predictive rule given by the decision tree identified patients with CM with non-AmB-based therapy and baseline CSF-OP >30 cm H2O as being at high risk of EMC failure. Incidence of all-cause mortality, the follow-up modiﬁed Rankin Scale, and Karnofsky performance status scores were not significantly related to EMC.

Conclusions

EMC failure in HIV-negative CM is attributed to non-AmB-based therapy and is associated with log10Cryptococcus count/mL and CSF-OP >30 cm H2O at baseline. Because of the small number of deaths, we are not able to comment on whether or not EMC is associated with mortality.
The Nature of Light
Authors: Katsos Isidoros C.
Published: March 2023

This chapter reconstructs a hexaemeral theory of light from a combined reading of the sources. Through the causal interlink of fire and light, hexaemeral light is theorized as the purest kind of fire. The chapter explores the language and physical properties of fire that explain luminosity: the light ray, its liminal corporeality, its radiancy and causticity, its propagation in space, its velocity, and its interaction with the medium. The investigation proceeds on to the nature of light itself and the relation of its causal principle to its effects. Sensible and intelligible light are logically and hermeneutically distinguished even though they remain ontologically and hermeneutically interlinked. Hexaemeral exegesis, if successfully performed, enables the reader to emerge from the sensible experience of light to the intelligible grasp of its formative logos.
Conclusions
Authors: Katsos Isidoros C.
Published: March 2023

The concluding chapter gathers together the various stages of the argument of the study. It gives a clear answer to the research question ‘what is light?’ and offers a synthetic disambiguation of the multiple uses of light language in the sources. The reflective interplay between physics, metaphysics, and light language unfolds the full anagogical potential of the hexaemeral narrative as spiritual exercise, transposing the biblical text from the level of cosmogonical literary narrative to the level of contemplative introspection of the self. The light/mind analogy becomes the apex of hexaemeral exegesis, capturing paradigmatically the embodied, trinitarian, and Christocentric hylomorphism of the Christian metaphysics of creation. It thus serves as the ground of meaning of the early Christian language of light.
Personality Assessment in Neuropsychological Settings
Authors: Dumitrascu Nicolae R.
Published: March 2023

This chapter discusses the importance of personality assessment in neuropsychological settings (e.g., to establish the contribution of psychopathology to symptom presentation). The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) transdiagnostic and dimensional model of psychopathology is emerging as a helpful paradigm guiding the practice of personality assessment with neuropsychiatric patients. The chapter discusses (a) the roles of personality assessment in the neuropsychology clinic; (b) potential implications of the HiTOP model of conceptualizing psychopathology on conducting personality assessment as part of neuropsychological assessment; (c) the advantages of using a multimethod approach in assessment (e.g., self-report and implicit personality measures; maximal and typical performance measures); (d) the research with the Personality Assessment Inventory clinical scales in acquired brain injuries; and (e) research with the Rorschach Inkblot Test in assessing alexithymia in patients with chronic pain and psychosis.
Assessment of Personality and Psychopathology with Immigrants and Refugees
Authors: Hass Giselle A.
Published: March 2023

Attention to the competent assessment of diverse individuals, including immigrants and refugees, has reached a peak due to the conscientization regarding the social and political discrimination and the limited science, services, and political will to address the systemic inequity impacting the lives of diverse individuals. While psychological science has shown progress to service a multicultural population, assessment models and procedures that meaningfully take into consideration the needs of immigrants are lagging. The psychological assessment field has been criticized for inappropriate use of Western assessment measures and theories on diverse individuals, but that is only one of several problems. The gaps to understand the reality of immigrant clients include the need to integrate factors external to the client in the case formulation, the need to pay greater attention to the evaluative relationship, the impact of microaggressions and insensitivity during the assessment process, and the questionable use of Western methods of diagnosis and assessment with non-Western immigrant clients. This chapter deconstructs these difficulties and shows how to minimize them in the clinical assessment with immigrants.
Deuteronomy in the LGBTQIA+ Community
Authors: Stewart David Tabb
Published: March 2023

The sexual and gender systems portrayed in Deuteronomy differ in many details from those in the Priestly texts and Yahwistic/Elohistic narratives. In its drive to ban magical practices and idolatries, Deuteronomy demythologizes and rejects some prior practices and understandings. The shape of the biblical systems and the developments in Deuteronomy thus contextualize the interpretation of its texts concerning, or imagined to concern, sex and gender. In this regard, four possible texts or clusters of texts that are used against LGBTQIA+ people are considered in detail: alleged cross-dressing, eunuchs rejected from the community, cultic prostitution as homosexuality, and plague judgments. As all of these have idolatry or magical practices as a focus, their application against sexual minorities is misplaced and their misprisions analyzed.
The Cultural Response to Moore’s Irish Melodies in Nineteenth-Century Paris
Authors: O'Hanlon Tríona
Published: March 2023

This chapter considers the cultural response to Thomas Moore’s Irish Melodies in nineteenth-century Paris. In focusing on collected editions of the lyrics, French song imitations, and French song translations published between 1819 and 1880, it brings new perspectives to the debate on Moore’s work. It identifies the publishing and creative networks responsible for influencing his reception in France, and analyzes the mechanisms by which the Irish Melodies, and individual songs from the collection, were adapted, re-worked, and reimagined for European audiences. The Irish Melodies clearly resonated with Parisian-based creatives; Moore’s fusion of sentimental themes, poetry, and song aligned with the aesthetics of French Romanticism, while the political songs reflected an emerging sense of national identity post-Revolution (1789). However, translating Moore proved challenging, even for those who had a profound understanding of Irish culture and the idiom. The unauthorized publication of the lyrics in English by Galignani was a key moment, and preceded the publication of the first French translation by four years. As Paris quickly became a centre for the publication of the Melodies, and various re-workings thereof, Moore’s success, and that of the song collection, must be attributed to the activities of the publishing and cultural networks which responded by exploiting and exploring various modes for dissemination. In bringing attention to lesser known sources (musical and textual), this chapter is innovative in its approach, and demonstrates the reciprocal impacts and influences between Irish art song, its derivatives, and cultural activity in nineteenth-century Europe.
The Latin Bible and Jewish Tradition
Authors: Dahan Gilbert
Published: March 2023

Abstract: References to Jewish exegesis feature throughout Christian commentaries, and textual criticism of the Vulgate had recourse to the Hebrew Scriptures on more than one occasion. This chapter examines the methods and means by which Latin Christian exegetes were able to gain knowledge of Jewish tradition and the ways in which this was deployed for exegesis. Earlier centuries relied on personal connections with Jews, converts, and polemics. The eleventh-century Rabbi Solomon (Rashi) served as an authority for subsequent generations, mediated from the fourteenth century through the writings of Nicholas of Lyra. The sixteenth century saw a steep rise in knowledge of Hebrew and the use of Jewish commentaries, as exemplified by Johannes Reuchlin, even though such practices encountered fierce opposition from Reformed circles. Although the principal exegetical value of Jewish tradition was often for the literal understanding of Scripture, more speculative interpretations (such as midrash) also left their mark on Latin scholarship.
Vernacular Translations of the Latin Bible
Authors: Dy Oliver , François Wim
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The stated use of the Latin Vulgate as a source text for translation is a characteristic feature of Catholic vernacular Bibles published before the twentieth century. In a milieu shaped and informed by confessional confrontations, Catholic translators often felt compelled by the declaration of the Vulgate’s authenticity at Trent in 1546 to recognize and deploy the Vulgate as their primary source in a clear and visible expression of Catholic identity. The later shift in the choice of source texts away from the Vulgate and toward the texts of Scripture in the original languages occurs as a result of developments both in Catholic biblical scholarship and in the understanding of the Tridentine decree, following the release of new information about Trent with the opening of the Vatican Archives in 1880. Changes in the choice and prioritization of the source texts of biblical translation are illustrated through a historical survey of Catholic Bibles in German, French, English, and Dutch.
The Bible in the Carolingian Age
Authors: Boodts Shari
Published: March 2023

Abstract: This chapter discusses the copying and study of the Bible during the reign of Charlemagne and his immediate successors. The Carolingian age was marked by technological innovations that led to a notable increase in the production of biblical manuscripts, in particular single-volume Bibles or pandects, while powerful patrons stimulated the creation of lavishly decorated luxury bibles. The ninth century further witnessed a dynamic tradition of study and exegesis of the Bible, steered in large part by the Carolingian rulers’ desire to consolidate their empire through the centralization of religious practice and education. Although a large corpus of biblical commentaries was produced by leading intellectuals such as Hrabanus Maurus, Florus of Lyons, and Haymo of Auxerre, it was the work of Theodulf of Orleans and Alcuin of York on the text of the Bible that was decisive in shaping the Carolingian legacy.
Glossed Bibles
Authors: Andrée Alexander
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Medieval scholars, masters, and students rarely encountered the Bible on its own but in the company of a commentary. The most important medieval biblical commentary apparatus was the twelfth-century Glossa, sometimes referred to as the ordinaria. The Gloss provided a comprehensive digest of available biblical exegesis collected from the Church Fathers and other authorities in a convenient format. Issuing from the teaching of Anselm of Laon and his school, the books of the Gloss were often compiled from previous commentaries, continuously written or “lemmatic” texts, themselves originating in the masters’ classroom teaching. The Gloss is recognized by its distinctive manuscript format: the Bible text is written in a central column running down the center of each page and is flanked on either side by marginal glosses. In between the lines, shorter exegetical extracts are placed. The combination of comprehensive learning with an accessible format secured the Gloss a dominant role in medieval theological teaching.
The Latin Bible and the Septuagint
Authors: Reíllo José Manuel Cañas
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The Latin Bible (especially the oldest Latin translation, or Vetus Latina) plays a crucial role in the textual criticism of the Septuagint. It is an old and faithful translation from the Septuagint, providing key information for the knowledge of lost stages of the Greek Bible and with a direct link to the oldest Hebrew tradition in Qumran manuscripts. The Latin Bible is not only a witness for stages of the Old Greek Bible that are very close to the original translation but also preserves traces of the evolution of the Greek Bible in a way that sometimes shows a richer and broader textual panorama not always preserved in the Greek manuscript tradition. The Vetus Latina thus enables researchers to follow the traces of the main Greek revisions undertaken from pre-Christian times until the fifth century.
Protestant Latin Bibles
Authors: Noblesse-Rocher Annie
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Despite its emphasis on translations into the vernacular, the Protestant Reformation also saw a series of revisions and new editions of the Latin Bible in the sixteenth century. Some of these reflected humanist interest in original sources and Latin learning (Sebastian Castellio). Others involved greater or lesser alteration of the Vulgate text with reference to Hebrew or Greek, and the provision of annotations (e.g., the Zurich Bible, Andreas Osiander, Martin Luther, Sebastian Münster, Immanuel Tremellius, and Theodore Beza). Some bilingual and polyglot editions are also considered (Biblia francolatina, Biblia germanolatina, Elias Hutter, David Wolder, Antwerp polyglot). The nature of the revisions is examined with particular reference to the book of Genesis.
Latin in Multilingual Biblical Manuscripts
Authors: Houghton H. A. G.
Published: March 2023

Abstract: This chapter provides an overview of the typology of bilingual manuscripts, along with tables of multilingual codices of the New Testament and of the Psalter in which a Latin text is present. The earliest Greek–Latin documents include a papyrus fragment and majuscule codices such as Codex Bezae and Codex Claromontanus. These are roughly contemporary with the Latin–Gothic bilingual tradition. Important evidence for Old English is provided in the oldest interlinear translations, and interlinear psalters were popular in England from the tenth to the twelfth century. Other psalters include a transliterated Greek text. Greek–Latin bilinguals with an emphasis on language study were copied in the ninth and tenth centuries. Later multilingual manuscripts (including Greek–Latin–Arabic trilinguals) reflect the political and cultural situation in which they were produced.
The Latin Psalter
Authors: Norris Oliver W. E.
Published: March 2023

Abstract: This chapter outlines the origins, nature, and differences found in the traditions that make up the Latin Psalter. Tracing the development from the time of Tertullian to that of Jerome and Augustine, particular attention is paid to new discoveries in the field that help explain the evolution in the text found in the early citations of the Old Latin Psalter to that found in later Psalter Manuscripts. The dependence of the Latin Psalter on the Septuagint Psalter and Origen’s Hexapla is explained, while Jerome’s authorship of the Roman Psalter is evaluated, and his method in composing the Hexaplaric (Gallican) and the Iuxta Hebraeos (Hebrew) Psalters is explored. Finally, the chapter provides a summary of the reception of the different Latin Psalter traditions.
Deuterocanonical Books in Latin Tradition
Authors: Gallagher Edmon L.
Published: March 2023

Abstract: A set of biblical books not considered canonical by all Christians has often found a place in Latin biblical manuscripts and in some cases has received canonical sanction. This essay considers not only the so-called Roman Catholic deuterocanonical books (Tobit, Judith, Wisdom of Solomon, Ecclesiasticus, Baruch, 1–2 Maccabees, Additions to Daniel, Additions to Esther) but also other writings important in the Latin biblical tradition: 3–4 Ezra, the Prayer of Manasseh, Psalm 151, Canticles, Laodiceans, 3 Corinthians, and the Gospel of Nicodemus. The bulk of the essay surveys each of these books in terms of its origins in Latin, the manuscript sources, and the relevant editions. There is also some discussion of the canonical history of these works.
Latin Gospel Harmonies
Authors: Schmid Ulrich B.
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Latin Gospel Harmonies have attracted comparatively little interest within broader biblical tradition. The oldest extant Latin harmony is Codex Fuldensis, and scholarship has tended to use this in conjunction with vernacular harmonies to try to reconstruct a lost Old Latin Vorlage rather than examine the surviving later manuscripts. After a brief account of the history of research, this chapter presents a gospel pericope (John 2:1–11) from fourteen Latin harmony manuscripts. This provides an impression of their textual variety, especially in later manuscripts. A comparison between earlier and later commentaries on Latin gospel harmonies show that the same traditions are utilized, which belong to the wider stream of medieval commentary tradition manifested in the Glossa ordinaria. Finally, an outline is given of the likely trajectory from the Fuldensis-type Vulgate harmony to vernacular harmonies via the glossed Latin harmony.