bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Fixation Methods on the Composition and Activity of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Leaf Tea
Authors: Chen Xuetao , Jiang Xiumei , Zhao Sanhu , Liang Huimin , Zhang Xiyan , Xu Xinyu , Cao Yexia , Li Xia
Published: December 2022

Fixation is the key step to improve the quality of sea buckthorn leaf tea. Composition and activity are important indexes to evaluate the quality of sea buckthorn leaf tea. Comparing the effects of fixation methods on components and activities provides a theoretical basis for the contemporary, controllable, and continuous production of sea buckthorn leaf tea. The effects of six different fixed methods, pan-firing fixed (PF), steaming fixed (SF), boiling water fixed (BF), hot air fixed (HF), microwave fixed (MWF), and infrared fixed (IRF) for sea buckthorn leaf tea in terms of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, lipase inhibitory ability, and the antioxidant capacity were studied. The total flavonoids (TF) content, total soluble phenolics (TP) content, water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content, the inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase, lipase inhibitory ability, and the antioxidant capacity of fixed sea buckthorn leaf tea were significantly higher (

p
≤
0.05

) compared with sea buckthorn leaf. IRF and MWF samples had higher (

p
≤
0.05

) contents of TF (92.48 mg RE/g and 79.20 mg RE/g), TP (115.37 mg GA/g and 135.18 mg GA/g) and WSC (4.24% and 4.39%). The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the SF sample was the strongest one, followed by the MWF sample and IRF sample (

p
≤
0.05

). The hydroxyl radical scavenging ability and reducing power of IRF were the strongest one, followed by the MWF sample (

p
≤
0.05

). The IRF sample had the strongest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (

p
≤
0.05

), and the MWF sample had the strongest lipase inhibitory ability while samples contained the same amount of total polyphenols (

p
≤
0.05

). Principal component analysis results showed that the IRF sample, MWF sample, and SF sample had higher comprehensive principal component values. MWF takes less time than IRF, which operated at 2,450 MHz (full power of 700 W) for 2 min. Therefore, MWF was the most suitable fixation method for sea buckthorn leaf tea. Practical Applications. Leaf tea is the main product of sea buckthorn leaf. However, at present, the quality of sea buckthorn leaf tea in the market is uneven, the processing methods are diverse, and there is no certain quality standard. This paper provides some data support and theoretical support for the production, processing, and purchase of sea buckthorn leaf tea.
Wildfire Susceptibility Mapping Using Five Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms: The Case Study of the Mediterranean Region of Turkey
Authors: Abujayyab Sohaib K. M. , Kassem Moustafa Moufid , Khan Ashfak Ahmad , Wazirali Raniyah , Coşkun Mücahit , Taşoğlu Enes , Öztürk Ahmet , Toprak Ferhat
Published: December 2022

Forest fires caused by different environmental and human factors are responsible for the extensive destruction of natural and economic resources. Modern machine learning techniques have become popular in developing very accurate and precise susceptibility maps of various natural disasters to help reduce the occurrence of such calamities. The present study has applied and tested multiple algorithms to map the areas susceptible to wildfire in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Besides, the performance of XGBoost, CatBoost, Gradient Boost, AdaBoost, and LightGBM methods for wildfire susceptibility mapping is also examined. The results have revealed the higher testing accuracy of CatBoost (95.47%) algorithm, followed by LightGBM (94.70%), XGBoost (88.8%), AdaBoost (86.0%), and GBM (84.48%) algorithms. Resultant wildfire susceptibility maps provide proper inventories for forest engineers, planners, and local governments for future policies regarding disaster management in Turkey.
Chinese Herbal Medicine Combined with Intravitreal Antivascular Growth Factor Agents in Treatment of Macular Edema Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xiaojuan Su , Xiaodong Li , Zhongmei Fu , Hejiang Ye
Published: December 2022

Background. Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the second most common retinal vascular disease in the world after diabetic retinopathy. Moreover, macular edema (ME) is the main cause of visual impairment in RVO patients. Intravitreal injection of antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents is recommended for RVO-ME. However, repeated injections severely limit their efficacy. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is widely used in RVO-ME as adjuvant therapy in China. Objective. The study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anti-VEGF combined with CHM for RVO-ME and to provide reliable evidence for clinical application. Methods. Seven databases were searched without language or publication status restrictions. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing anti-VEGF combined with CHM (anti-VEGF + CHM) versus anti-VEGF in participants with RVO-ME were included in this study. The “risk of bias assessment tool” of the Cochrane Handbook was applied to assess the quality of included trials, and RevMan 5.3 software was used for data analysis. Results. A total of 10 relevant trials with 743 patients were identified. The results showed that BCVA of the anti-VEGF + CHM group significantly improved at 3 months (

P
<
0.00001

), 6 months (

P
=
0.008

), and 12 months (

P
=
0.01

), and CMT significantly reduced at 1 month (

P
=
0.02

), 2 months (

P
=
0.0009

), 3 months (

P
<
0.05

), 6 months (

P
<
0.0001

), and 12 months (

P
<
0.00001

) compared with the anti-VEGF group alone. At the same time, the anti-VEGF + CHM group has a better performance in reducing the number of injections (

P
<
0.05

) and improving the total effective rate (

P
<
0.0001

). However, regarding adverse events, there was no statistical difference between the two groups (

P
=
0.09

). Conclusions. Our results provide promising evidence that anti-VEGF therapy combined with CHM may be more beneficial to patients than anti-VEGF therapy alone. However, because of the low quality and small sample size of the included studies, more rigorous and larger-scale trials were necessary to validate our results. Registration Number. CRD42021270262.
An Index for Rail Weld Health Assessment in Urban Metro Using In-Service Train
Authors: Shadfar Morad , Molatefi Habibollah , Nasr Asghar
Published: December 2022

Rail welds are considered as the weak part of a railway track. Their defects and health can directly affect wheel-rail interaction, track safety, and reliability. Current practices for rail welds health assessment are based on 2D vertical and lateral wear measurement which needs time and track blocking. The development of inertia-based condition monitoring methods such as measuring axle box acceleration (ABA) comes with a crucial question on criteria or index for each rail track component health monitoring. In this study, an index for evaluation of rail weld health is proposed through integrated numerical and field experiment data within a metro line using the ABA technique. The relationship between the speed, wheel structural vibration, and acceleration amplitude is investigated using fast Fourier transformation (FFT) and a nonlinear neural network principal component analysis (PCA) model. An index is introduced to assess weld severity level based on the statistical method. This index is simple and applicable for maintenance practice.
Pharmacology Mechanism of Polygonum Bistorta in Treating Ulcerative Colitis Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Liu Jun , Liu Suxian , Cao Hui , Shi Bei , Li Qiaodong , Shan Jingyi , Yuan Jianye , Lin Jiang
Published: December 2022

Aim. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a refractory gastrointestinal disease. The study aimed to expound the mechanism of Polygonum bistorta (PB) in treating UC by network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experiment verification. Methods. The compositions and targets of PB and UC-associated targets were obtained by searching the websites and the literature. The potential mechanism of PB in the treatment of UC was predicted by protein-protein interaction network construction, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Molecule docking was performed by AutoDock. In vitro experiments explored the mechanism of quercetin (Que), the main active composition of PB, in treating UC. Results. Six compositions, 139 PB targets, and 934 UC-associated targets were obtained. 93 overlapping targets between PB and UC were identified, and 18 of them were the core targets. 467 biological processes, 10 cell components, and 30 molecular functions were obtained by GO analysis. 102 pathways were enriched through KEGG analysis. Among them, the IL-17 signaling pathway had high importance. The core targets FOS, JUN, IL-1β, CCL2, CXCL8, and MMP9 could dock with Que successfully. Act1, TRAF6, FOS, and JUN were identified by KEGG as the key proteins of the IL-17 signaling pathway. The expressions of the abovementioned proteins were increased in Caco-2 cells stimulated by Dextran sulfate sodium and decreased after being treated by Que. Conclusion. PB might treat UC by downregulating the IL-17 signaling pathway. It is worth doing further research on PB treating UC in vivo.
Correlations between Visual Performance and Chorioretinal Variables after Vitrectomy for the Idiopathic Macular Hole
Authors: Chen Minfeng , Zheng Chenchen , Liu Yu , Chen Feng , Xu Dan , Lu Fan
Published: December 2022

Purpose. To investigate the relationships between visual function and the retinal and choroid microstructure in idiopathic macular hole patients after surgery. Methods. A prospective study investigated changes in the fundus structure and visual function in 16 macular hole patients before and after surgery. Patients’ best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and retinal sensitivity were measured by an EDTRS visual chart and microperimetry (MP1), respectively. The thickness of the retina and the blood supply to the retina and superficial choroid were detected by OCTA, and the choroidal capillary blood flow density was analysed with MATLAB. The thickness of the choroid and the aperture size of the macular hole were detected by Heidelberg OCT. Results. Compared with before surgery and one month after surgery, the BCVA (3 months: 0.47 ± 0.27, before: 1.02 ± 0.22, 1 month: 0.66 ± 0.27, and

P

 < 0.05) and the central sensitivity of the retina (3 months: 14.88 ± 2.87 dB, before: 8.76 ± 3.27 dB, 1 month: 12.22 ± 3.30 dB, and

P

 < 0.05) were significantly improved three months after surgery. The change in BCVA was significantly correlated with the basal diameter (r = 0.677 and

P

 = 0.004), the minimum diameter (r = 0.585 and

P

 = 0.017), the macular hole cystoid height area index (r = −0.618 and

P

 = 0.011), the central macular hole index (r = −0.727 and

P

 = 0.001), the peripheral macular hole index (r = −0.758 and

P

 = 0.001), the central tractional hole index (r = −0.717 and

P

 = 0.002), the peripheral tractional hole index (r = −0.725 and

P

 = 0.001), and changes in the peripheral blood vessel density of the choroid capillary layer (r = 0.585 and

P

 = 0.0017). The change in central retinal sensitivity was correlated with the change in the superficial foveal avascular zone (FAZ; r = 0.520 and

P

 = 0.039), change in the retinal superficial peripheral blood flow density (r = −0.503 and

P

 = 0.047), change in the deep FAZ (r = 0.599 and

P

 = 0.014), and change in the retinal deep peripheral blood flow density (r = −0.601 and

P

 = 0.014). Conclusions. The morphology of the macular hole as well as changes to the retinal and choroidal microstructure contributes to the recovery of visual function after surgery.
Investigating Travel Flow Differences between Peak Hours with Spatial Model with Endogenous Weight Matrix Using Automatic Vehicle Identification Data
Authors: Zhou Yiwei , He Zhaocheng , Chen Jin-Yong , Ni Linglin , Dong Jieshuang
Published: December 2022

The rapid urbanization has brought great challenges to the transportation network. However, travel flow at peak hours is not always the same. It is important to investigate how travel flow differs between peak hours to capture travel flow patterns and influential factors to facilitate traffic management and urban planning. This paper establishes a spatial model with endogenous weight matrix (SARBP-EWM) to investigate the travel flow differences between morning and evening peaks on both weekday and weekend based on automatic vehicle identification (AVI) data and point of interest (POI) data in Xuancheng, China. The results confirm strong spatial effects and endogeneity issue. Besides, facility variables such as number of offices and number of clinics reveal strong negative impacts on travel flow differences on both weekday and weekend, while the number of middle school shows significantly positive relation with travel flow differences. In addition, the endogenous weight matrix on both weekday and weekend is successfully estimated and compared. It is found that TAZ pairs tend to be clustered with lower spatial weights on weekday, while they are more randomly distributed with higher spatial weights at weekend. Based on the results above, the policies proposed from Xuancheng 14th Five-Year Plan are evaluated and discussed. The above empirical analysis quantifies impacts from key factors on urban travel flow differences between peak hours and provides important references for urban planning and policy making.
Simultaneous Estimation of Wall and Object Parameters in TWR Using Deep Neural Network
Authors: Ghorbani Fardin , Soleimani Hossein
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this paper is to present a deep learning model that simultaneously estimates targets and wall parameters in through-the-wall radar (TWR). As a result of the complexity of the environments in which through-the-wall radars operate, TWR faces many challenges. The propagation of radar signals through walls is further delayed and attenuated than in free space. Therefore, the targets are less able to be detected and the images of the targets are distorted and defocused as a consequence. To address the above challenges, two modes are considered in this work: single targets and two targets. In both cases, permittivity and wall thickness are considered, along with the target’s center in two dimensions and the permittivity of targets. Therefore, in the case of a single target, we estimate five values, whereas in the case of two targets, we estimate eight values simultaneously, each representing the mentioned parameters. As a result of using deep neural networks to solve the task of target locating problem in TWR, the model has a better chance of learning and increased accuracy if it involves more parameters (such as wall parameters and permittivity of the wall) in the target location problem. In this way, the accuracy of target locating improved when two wall parameters were considered in problem. A deep neural network model was used to estimate wall permittivity and thickness, as well as two-dimensional coordinates and permittivity of targets with 99% accuracy in single-target and two-target modes.
Application of Machine Learning in Intelligent Medical Image Diagnosis and Construction of Intelligent Service Process
Authors: Gao Zhihong , Lou Lihua , Wang Meihao , Sun Zhen , Chen Xiaodong , Zhang Xiang , Pan Zhifang , Hao Haibin , Zhang Yu , Quan Shichao , Yin Shaobo , Lin Cai , Shen Xian
Published: December 2022

The introduction of digital technology in the healthcare industry is marked by ongoing difficulties with implementation and use. Slow progress has been made in unifying different healthcare systems, and much of the globe still lacks a fully integrated healthcare system. As a result, it is critical and advantageous for healthcare providers to comprehend the fundamental ideas of AI in order to design and deliver their own AI-powered technology. AI is commonly defined as the capacity of machines to mimic human cognitive functions. It can tackle jobs with equivalent or superior performance to humans by combining computer science, algorithms, machine learning, and data science. The healthcare system is a dynamic and evolving environment, and medical experts are constantly confronted with new issues, shifting duties, and frequent interruptions. Because of this variation, illness diagnosis frequently becomes a secondary concern for healthcare professionals. Furthermore, clinical interpretation of medical information is a cognitively demanding endeavor. This applies not just to seasoned experts, but also to individuals with varying or limited skills, such as young assistant doctors. In this paper, we proposed the comparative analysis of various state-of-the-art methods of deep learning for medical imaging diagnosis and evaluated various important characteristics. The methodology is to evaluate various important factors such as interpretability, visualization, semantic data, and quantification of logical relationships in medical data. Furthermore, the glaucoma diagnosis system is discussed in detail via qualitative and quantitative approaches. Finally, the applications and future prospects were also discussed.
Políticas de emprendimiento para personas migrantes
Authors: Castillo-Vergara Mauricio
Published: December 2022

El número de migrantes a nivel mundial ha crecido continuamente en los últimos años, pasando de 173 millones de personas en el año 2000, a 220 millones en 2010 y llegando a 272 millones de migrantes en 20201. Los problemas políticos, económicos, sociales y ambientales sin resolver continuarán impulsando la migración, planteando la interrogante sobre cómo los migrantes pueden integrarse en las sociedades de acogida (Brieger & Gielnik, 2021). Continuar leyendo...
CD137 (4-1BB)-Based Cancer Immunotherapy on Its 25th Anniversary
Authors: Melero Ignacio , Sanmamed Miguel F. , Glez-Vaz Javier , Luri-Rey Carlos , Wang Jun , Chen Lieping
Published: December 2022

Twenty-five years ago, we reported that agonist anti-CD137 monoclonal antibodies eradicated transplanted mouse tumors because of enhanced CD8+ T-cell antitumor immunity. Mouse models indicated that anti-CD137 agonist antibodies synergized with various other therapies. In the clinic, the agonist antibody urelumab showed evidence for single-agent activity against melanoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma but caused severe liver inflammation in a fraction of the patients. CD137's signaling domain is included in approved chimeric antigen receptors conferring persistence and efficacy. A new wave of CD137 agonists targeting tumors, mainly based on bispecific constructs, are in early-phase trials and are showing promising safety and clinical activity.

Significance:

CD137 (4-1BB) is a costimulatory receptor of T and natural killer lymphocytes whose activity can be exploited in cancer immunotherapy strategies as discovered 25 years ago. Following initial attempts that met unacceptable toxicity, new waves of constructs acting agonistically on CD137 are being developed in patients, offering signs of clinical and pharmacodynamic activity with tolerable safety profiles.
Anxiety Constitutes an Early Sign of Acute Hypoglycemia
Authors: Gutiérrez García Ana G. , Contreras Carlos M.
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Research in humans has identified a link between hypoglycemia and anxiety. The present study examined anxiety-like behaviors in rats that were subjected to hypoglycemia that was produced by an acute injection of insulin. Healthy female Wistar rats were subjected to a battery of tests to explore anxiety (elevated plus maze) and locomotion (open field test). Methods: The control (CT) group received 0.9% saline (3 mL/kg, p.o.). Three other groups received 50% glucose (3 mL/kg, p.o.), insulin (0.1 UI, s.c.), or insulin + glucose (normalized glycemia [NG] group). Results: Normal glycemic values were found in the CT and NG groups. Therefore, a single control (CT-NG) group was formed for statistical comparisons. The highest glycemic value was found in the glucose-induced hyperglycemia group. The lowest glycemic value was found in the insulin-induced hypoglycemia group. In the open field test, the most significant change was a higher number of rearings in the hypoglycemia group. In the elevated plus maze test, the CT-NG group and hyperglycemia groups exhibited similar behavior, whereas the hypoglycemia group spent a shorter time on the open arms and a longer time on the closed arms and had the highest Anxiety Index. Hyperglycemia is a typical characteristic of diabetes. Insulin normalizes glycemia. In the present study, insulin produced anxiety only when it produced hypoglycemia. Conclusion: The main effect of acute hypoglycemia is anxiety, which may be considered an early sign of hypoglycemia in an allostatic process.
Initial Therapeutic Approach with Pembrolizumab in Synchronous Multiple Cancers, Including Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Highly Positive for Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression
Authors: Koizumi Tomonobu , Kanda Shintaro , Kobayashi Takashi , Iwasa Yoh-ichiro , Matsuo Akemi
Published: December 2022

Treatment of synchronous multiple primary cancers is clinically difficult. We report four cases of synchronous primary cancers, including advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLCs) highly positive for programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression and initially treated with pembrolizumab. Pembrolizumab was efficacious in 2 patients with NSCLC lesions, followed by chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer (case 1) and chemotherapy for gastric cancer (case 2). Both cancers in case 1 showed a complete response for 3 years, while progression of the accompanying gastric cancer resulted in mortality at 20 months in case 2. Both NSCLC and gastric cancer in case 3 failed to respond to pembrolizumab, but the accompanying laryngeal cancer in case 4 showed a complete response, and cytotoxic chemotherapy for NSCLC was continued for 18.0 months. Our clinical experience suggests that pembrolizumab is a useful therapeutic approach for patients with synchronous cancers, including NSCLC that highly expresses PD-L1.
Old Icelandic veri
Authors: de Leeuw van Weenen Andrea
Published: December 2022

In Modern Icelandic the form veri of the verb vera ‘to be’ is seen as a subjunctive expressing a wish. Treating Old Norse veri, earlier vesi, as an imperative of the third person simplifies the vera paradigm. A survey of the oldest attestations shows that veri not only fits qua form in the imperative paradigm, but also behaves like an imperative and expresses a command. The hypothesis that veri is an imperative can be extended to: Old Norse had an imperative of the 3rd person consisting of stem+i. What usually is called the use of the 3rd person subjunctive to fill in for the missing 3rd person imperative, would then be nothing else than a real imperative, which, however, in all verbs except vera coincides in form with the subjunctive. The form verir looks like a counter example to the hypothesis, but it is only found twice in poetry, never in prose, and can be explained as a common copying error. We cannot ask the native speakers of Old Norse, so the description of Old Norse veri as a subjunctive is a hypothesis as well. It is argued that seeing veri as an imperative is the more elegant solution.
“Let the Sirens Roar”: The Women’s Protests in Poland and the Artistic Response to the Backlash
Authors: Stępnik Małgorzata
Published: December 2022

“Let the Sirens Roar”: The Women’s Protests in Poland and the Artistic Response to the BacklashThe ruling of the Constitutional Tribunal of 22 October 2020, which tightened the restrictions on reproductive rights in Poland and was adopted in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, sparked strong social opposition and massive demonstrations. The article focuses on artistic works accompanying these protests, providing a kind of visual commentary to them or, in other words, their visual “framework”. The discussion refers to the most characteristic iconographic materials, mainly posters, uploaded and shared by (mostly young) artists on their profiles on popular social media and specially created websites (such as Graphic Emergency). The content of this artistic “production” often refers to important moments in the recent history of Poland (the Solidarity movement), traditional symbols, and the imaginational sphere; however, to some extent, it also refers to the countercultural revolution of the late 1960s, especially to L’Atelier Populaire, established by students of Académie des Beaux Arts in Paris. The article proposes that the discussed posters be interpreted as a generational counterreply to the “backlash”, understood in accordance with the meaning given to that word by Susan Faludi in her classic 1991 study. „Niech wyją syreny”. Kobiece protesty w Polsce i artystyczna odpowiedź na „backlash”Orzeczenie Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z 22 października 2020 roku, ograniczające prawa reprodukcyjne w Polsce – przyjęte w środku pandemii COVID-19 – wywołało silny sprzeciw społeczny i masowe demonstracje. Tematyka artykułu zogniskowana jest wokół prac artystycznych towarzyszących owym protestom, stanowiących ich wizualny komentarz, innymi słowy: ich wizualną „oprawę”. W niniejszych rozważaniach odniesiono się do najbardziej charakterystycznych materiałów ikonograficznych, głównie plakatów, zamieszczanych i udostępnianych przez (przeważnie młodych) artystów na profilach w popularnych mediach społecznościowych oraz na specjalnie wykreowanych witrynach (jak np. Pogotowie Graficzne). Zawartość treściowa tej twórczej „produkcji” często odnosi się do ważnych momentów w najnowszej historii Polski (Solidarność), tradycyjnej symboliki i sfery wyobrażeniowości, a w pewnym względzie także i do kontrkulturowej rewolty późnych lat 60., zwłaszcza do L’Atelier Populaire założonego przez studentów paryskiej Académie des Beaux Arts. W artykule wskazano, iż omawiane plakaty można interpretować jako pokoleniową odpowiedź na „backlash” w takim rozumieniu, jakie nadała temu słowu Susan Faludi w swej klasycznej już rozprawie z 1991 roku.
“The Lexicon of Migrating Ideas in the Slavic Balkans” and the Risk of Knowledge: Some Considerations Regarding Two Promotional Events for This Book
Authors: Drzewiecka Ewelina
Published: December 2022

The Lexicon of Migrating Ideas in the Slavic Balkans and the Risk of Knowledge: Some Considerations Regarding Two Promotional Events for This Book
The text is an account of two events that promoted the extensive (ten-volume) monograph by Polish Slavic studies scholars (with contributions from scholars from a number of foreign research centres): Leksykon idei wędrownych na słowiańskich Bałkanach (XVIII – XXI w.) [The Lexicon of Migrating Ideas in the Slavic Balkans (18th-21st centuries)] (2018–2020). These events were held in 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic, by means of social media and common communication platforms. As the Lexicon consists of many synthetically expressed, original, and source-based insights on the southern Slavic cultures’ struggles with modernity, the author comments on both the research project at the root of this publication and on the course of the discussion which emerged during these meetings. She does so in order to express her view on the capacity of the modern researcher by adapting Olga Tokarczuk’s notion of the tender narrator.
 
Leksykon idei wędrownych na słowiańskich Bałkanach a ryzyko wiedzy. Rozmyślania wokół dwóch wydarzeń promujących publikację
Artykuł stanowi sprawozdanie z dwóch wydarzeń promujących dziesięciotomową monografię autorstwa kolektywu polskich slawistów (we współpracy z badaczami z kilku zagranicznych ośrodków naukowych) – Leksykon idei wędrownych na słowiańskich Bałkanach (XVIII – XXI w.) (2018–2020), jakie zostały zorganizowane za pośrednictwem platform społecznościowych oraz komunikacyjnych w 2021 roku, a więc w warunkach pandemii COVID-19. Autorka najpierw prezentuje sam projekt naukowy, który legł u podstaw publikacji, wskazując, że Leksykon zawiera wiele syntetycznie wyrażonych, oryginalnych, opartych na badaniach źródłowych refleksji na temat spotkania z nowoczesnością na gruncie kultur południowosłowiańskich. Następnie referuje przebieg dyskusji, jakie wynikły w trakcie obu spotkań promocyjnych, po czym odnosi się do kwestii kompetencji nowoczesnego naukowca, adaptując pojęcia czułego narratora Olgi Tokarczuk.
Lessons from the Past: The Right to Abortion in Three Pictures
Authors: Milinković Jelena
Published: December 2022

Lessons from the Past: The Right to Abortion in Three PicturesThe starting point in this paper is the current situation in several countries regarding the prohibition or permission of abortion. In parallel with the pandemic, i.e., the COVID-19 crisis in European countries, there is also a crisis of women’s rights and freedoms. Within the already won rights and freedoms, and as a consequence of the traditionalization of state policies, the right to abortion is most endangered during crises. To show what the struggle for women’s rights might look like, an example from the past is taken: the struggle of Yugoslav women for the right to abortion during the 1920s and 1930s. Three aspects are analyzed: 1) the legal regulation of the right to abortion, 2) the discussion regarding this issue in the Ženski pokret [Women’s Movement] (1920–1938) journal, and 3) the topic of abortion in literature.Lekcja z przeszłości. Prawo do aborcji w trzech obrazachPunktem wyjścia w artykule jest aktualna sytuacja w kilku krajach dotycząca zakazu lub zezwolenia na aborcję. Równolegle z pandemią, czyli kryzysem COVID-19 w krajach europejskich, następuje również kryzys praw i wolności kobiet. W ramach wywalczonych już praw i wolności oraz w wyniku tradycjonalizacji polityki państwa prawo do aborcji jest najbardziej zagrożone w czasie kryzysów. Aby pokazać, jak mogłaby wyglądać walka o prawa kobiet, posłużono się przykładem z przeszłości dotyczącym walki kobiet jugosłowiańskich o prawo do aborcji w latach 20. i 30. XX wieku. Analizie poddane zostały trzy kwestie: 1) prawne uregulowanie prawa do aborcji, 2) dyskusja na ten temat w czasopiśmie „Ženski pokret” [„Ruch kobiet”] (1920–1938), 3) temat aborcji w literaturze.
Some Linguistic Phenomena in Belarusian Cities during the 2020 Mass Protests in Belarus
Authors: Mazurkiewicz-Sułkowska Julia
Published: December 2022

Some Linguistic Phenomena in Belarusian Cities during the 2020 Mass Protests in BelarusFollowing the results of the rigged presidential election in Belarus in August 2020, mass protests broke out in the country. These events completely changed the life of the entire country for several months, mainly the life of the large-city inhabitants. One of the characteristics visible during the largest wave of protests were linguistic phenomena. These include, first of all, an increase of the prestige of the Belarusian language in cities, and a positive attitude to the regionalisms and the so-called trasianka as well the introduction of a new toponymy by the protesters. These are the issues that this article is devoted to.O kilku zjawiskach językowych w białoruskich miastach podczas protestów 2020 rokuPo ogłoszeniu wyników wyborów prezydenckich w sierpniu 2020 roku na Białorusi wybuchły masowe protesty, które na kilka miesięcy całkowicie zmieniły życie całego kraju, a przede wszystkim mieszkańców dużych miast. W trakcie trwania najbardziej aktywnej fali protestów można wyodrębnić kilka zjawisk o charakterze językowym. Należy do nich przede wszystkim zwiększenie prestiżu języka białoruskiego w miastach oraz pozytywne nacechowanie wśród mieszkańców miast regionalizmów i tzw. trasianki, a także wprowadzenie przez protestujących nowej toponimiki. Tym właśnie zagadnieniom jest poświęcony niniejszy artykuł.
(With) Women Scholars and Scientists
Authors: Simić Zorana
Published: December 2022

(With) Women Scholars and ScientistsThis article is a review of the study entitled Naučnice u društvu / Women Scholars and Scientists in Society, edited by Lada Stevanović, Mladena Prelić, and Miroslava Lukić Krstanović (Belgrade: Institute of Ethnography SASA, 2020, pp. 456).Będąc (z) naukowczyniami Artykuł jest recenzją książki Naučnice u društvu / Women Scholars and Scientists in Society [Naukowczynie w społeczeństwie] pod redakcją Lady Stevanović, Mladena Prelicia i Miroslava Lukicia Krstanovicia (Beograd: Etnografski institut SANU, 2020, 456 ss.).
The Moral Witness: The Poetics of Testimony in Modern Serbian Poetry
Authors: Zorić Vladimir
Published: December 2022

The Moral Witness: The Poetics of Testimony in Modern Serbian PoetryThis essay reviews Dunja Dušanić’s book Sa silama nemerljivim: Pesnici kao svedoci modernog terora [Immeasurable Forces: Poets as Witnesses to Modern Terror, 2021], outlining the methodological assumptions of the book, tracing its overarching argument, and evaluating its importance within multiple scholarly contexts, including comparative literature, literary criticism and literary history. Świadek moralny. Poetyka świadectwa we współczesnej poezji serbskiejTekst stanowi recenzję książki Dunji Dušanić Sa silama nemerljivim: Pesnici kao svedoci modernog terora [Siły niezmierzone. Poeci jako świadkowie nowoczesnego terroru, 2021]. Zostają nakreślone założenia metodologiczne książki. Recenzent tropi jej nadrzędną argumenację i ocenia znaczenie w wielu kontekstach naukowych, jak na przykład literatura porównawcza, krytyka literacka i historia literatury.
Women Intellectual Mentors
Authors: Veselinović Jelena
Published: December 2022

Women Intellectual Mentors This review studies the book Mistrzynie myślenia. Serbski esej feministyczny (XIX–XXI wiek) [Women Intellectual Mentors: The Serbian Feminist Essay (From 19th to the 20th Century), 2019], written by the Polish author and professor of Serbian and Croatian literature, Magdalena Koch. In her book, Koch tries to shed light on the work of eight Serbian female authors who, over a period of 200 years, used the essay as their literary form of choice. Koch diachronically examines the role women played in the history of Serbian literature, as well as the significance of the essay in the development of emancipatory and feminist thought in Serbia.Mistrzynie myślenia Niniejsza recenzja dotyczy książki Mistrzynie myślenia. Serbski esej feministyczny (XIX– XXI wiek) (2019), autorstwa polskiej profesor literatury serbskiej i chorwackiej, Magdaleny Koch. W swojej książce stara się ona rzucić światło na twórczość ośmiu serbskich autorek, które przez 200 lat używały eseju jako formy literackiego wyrazu. Koch diachronicznie analizuje rolę kobiet w historii literatury serbskiej, a także znaczenie eseju w rozwoju myśli emancypacyjnej i feministycznej w Serbii.
What is Wrong with Our System?
Authors: Jevtić Radojka
Published: December 2022

What is Wrong with Our System? Right at the very beginning of the pandemic, Slovenian philosopher Slavoj Žižek published a monograph about his thoughts on the first few weeks of the new situation. In it, he presents both his personal experience of the pandemic and his opinions on the overall changes that it might subsequently bring forth. As many times before, he once again calls for a new global order, basing his calls on the faults of the current system that the pandemic revealed in their entirety. He calls that world order “new communism” rooting it primarily in the need for solidarity and more executive power given to global organisations such as the World Health Organisation, as well as a more active role of the state during crises.Co jest nie tak z naszym systemem?Na samym początku pandemii COVID-19 słoweński filozof, Slavoj Žižek, opublikował książkę ze swoimi przemyśleniami na temat pierwszych kilku tygodni nowej sytuacji. Przedstawia w niej zarówno swoje osobiste doświadczenie pandemii, jak i opinie na temat ogólnych zmian, które może ona wywołać. Ponownie wzywa do utworzenia nowego globalnego porządku, wskazując na wady obecnego systemu, które w całości ujawniły nowe realia. Filozof nazywa ten światowy porządek „nowym komunizmem”, zakorzeniając go przede wszystkim w potrzebie solidarności i większej władzy wykonawczej przyznanej globalnym organizacjom, takim jak Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia, a także bardziej aktywnej roli państwa podczas kryzysów.
Pedagogy of Care: Building a Teaching and Learning Community
Authors: Kolarić Ana , Taczyńska Katarzyna
Published: December 2022

Pedagogy of Care: Building a Teaching and Learning CommunityThe COVID-19 pandemic shook the educational system to the core. Teaching moved from the classroom to the private space of teachers and students. The unexpected move to digital teaching and learning rendered “in-person” interaction impossible, forcing all of us working in education to reconsider what responsible pedagogy should look like during a crisis. In this article, we first elaborate the main ideas of the pedagogy of care. Then, we offer examples of teaching and learning during the pandemic from our personal experience of literary and language scholars, based in Serbia and Poland respectively. This experience has been shaped by our pedagogical choices and informed by our epistemological and ethical standpoints. Pedagogika troski. Budowanie społeczności nauczania i uczenia sięPandemia COVID-19 wstrząsnęła systemem edukacji do głębi. Nauczanie przeniosło się z klasy do prywatnej przestrzeni nauczycieli i uczniów. Nieoczekiwane przejście na cyfrowe nauczanie i uczenie się uniemożliwiło „osobistą” interakcję, zmuszając nas wszystkich pracujących w edukacji do ponownego przemyślenia, jak powinna wyglądać odpowiedzialna pedagogika w czasie kryzysu. W prezentowanym artykule najpierw omawiamy główne idee pedagogiki troski. Następnie przedstawiamy przykłady nauczania i uczenia się podczas pandemii płynące z naszych osobistych doświadczeń literaturoznawców i filologów z Serbii i z Polski. To doświadczenie zostało ukształtowane przez nasze pedagogiczne wybory i wsparte naszymi epistemologicznymi i etycznymi punktami widzenia.
Scholarship – Engagement – Activism
Authors: Kolarić Ana , Taczyńska Katarzyna , Drzewiecka Ewelina
Published: December 2022

Scholarship – Engagement – ActivismEditorial of the volume. Badania naukowe – zaangażowanie – aktywizmArtykuł wstępny do tomu.
Crisis: Sovereign or Distributed?
Authors: Polillo Simone , Vereta-Nahoum André
Published: December 2022

In the face of a proliferation of texts framing ongoing events and experiences in terms of crisis, a new critical literature has emerged to interrogate the political, moral, and epistemological assumptions and blind spots of this way of understanding the modern world. In this special issue, we engage with this new body of work on crisis by distinguishing between two models—sovereign and distributed. While the sovereign model of crisis fleshes out the link between crisis and political power, the distributed model points to the social fragmentation and confusion that crisis-claims can provoke when they are made outside established institutional channels—when they are distributed across disparate audiences. Understanding the relationship between crisis and sovereignty on the one hand, and between crisis-claims and their audiences on the other, sheds new light on the narrative and performative effects of crisis.
Temporary Organizations in Disaster Response: Crisis, Temporality, and Governance
Authors: Older Malka
Published: December 2022

For most modern governments, disasters are events that are demarcated from so-called normalcy by changes in organization and temporality. As much as the changes in procedures or staffing, these new structures are distinguished by their temporality. They are explicitly temporary organizations, designed to accomplish a specific task before dissolving and returning authority to the permanent organization. The choice to change to temporary organizations in times of crisis carries a number of implications. The switch to an entity that is both a part of the government, and distinct from it and that will disappear at some unspecified but unswervingly expected point in the future when the crisis is “over” points to a distinct separation between the disaster period and “normalcy,” and indicates that the disaster period will give way to normalcy again. It allows the government to portray the crisis as exogenous and separate from on-going policies, depicting it as the result of uncontrollable natural forces that must be dealt with on an ad hoc basis and ignoring links to long-term governance in areas of education, housing, health, and other areas. This paper uses original interviews and documentary data, collected as dissertation research, to look at the formation, dissolution, and occasional failure of temporary, government-based disaster management organizations across two events: Hurricane Katrina in the United States in 2005, and the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in northeastern Japan.
Capital Account Liberalisation and Crises: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kalsie Anjala , Kalra Jappanjyot Kaur
Published: December 2022

The present study is a critical survey of the literature on the impact of capital account liberalisation on both banking and currency crises. The objective of the study is to identify the publication bias and explore heterogeneity in the extant studies. For measuring the effect size of capital account liberalisation on banking and currency crises, an identification of relevant studies is done. Partial correlation coefficient is used for measuring standardised effect size. Funnel asymmetry test (FAT) and precision effect test (PET–PEE) are used for identifying publication selection bias. Meta-regression analysis (MRA) is done for exploring the heterogeneity in literature. I did meta-analysis on 121 t stats reported in 14 empirical papers. The results of the FAT–PET–PEE test indicate that publication bias does not exist in the literature. The study explains the heterogeneity of results reported in earlier studies. De facto measure, size of economy, inflation, real interest rate differential, real effective exchange rate overvaluation, current account balance to GDP and reserve money to GDP are the major impacting variables of both banking and currency crises. The probit approach is seen to be more appropriate in capturing the above relationship.

JEL Codes: C1, F6, G01
The landscape of Route 854 in Israel's Galilee: Integrating nature, construction, and art in the service of a national project
Authors: Hildesheim Efrat , Alon-Mozes Tal
Published: December 2022

The article unfolds a micro-narrative historical case study that explores the process of building Route 854 and the intricate relations between landscape architecture and highway design. Employing a critical-historical inquiry based on a qualitative discourse and extensive archival research, it examines a process of planning, design, and construction over two decades, from 1976 to 1996. In the context of national development and the state's roads network, the emergence of environmental awareness, and the expansion of landscape architecture's disciplinary boundaries, the article addresses four themes: statutory and preliminary planning; landscape architecture and hardscapes; softscapes and vegetation design; the joint work of environmental artists and landscape architects in quarries rehabilitation. Revealing Route 854 as a milestone in Israeli highway-landscape planning, the article articulates the key role of landscape architects in landscape rehabilitation, their mediating position between planning agencies and the environmentalists, and between associated disciplines, including planning, engineering, design, art, and environmental activism.
Increasing the Independence of Students With Disabilities in the Classroom Through Indirect Paraprofessional Support
Authors: Scheef Andrew R. , Hollingshead Aleksandra , Malone Kalley , Sherman Whitney M. , Seamans Adrienne , Sabala Toni , Carson Janice
Published: December 2022

Paraprofessionals are a crucial component of special education services and can be vital to promoting inclusive learning opportunities. Although intentions behind utilizing paraprofessional support may be good, students with disabilities may become over-reliant on paraprofessionals, thus limiting student independence in the classroom. This paper intends to shift the traditional paradigm to focus on increasing student independence through indirect paraprofessional supports. Practical recommendations for fading paraprofessional support to promote student independence are included.
Community Gender Norms and Gender Gaps in Adolescent Agency in Nepal
Authors: Yount Kathryn M. , Durr Robert L. , Bergenfeld Irina , Clark Cari Jo , Khan Zara , Laterra Anne , Pokhrel Pankaj , Sharma Sudhindra
Published: December 2022

Sustainable Development Goal 5 challenges governments to address child marriage, which may inhibit girls from developing an agentic self. This paper assesses the direct influence of community gender norms on adolescent agency, and the normative contexts in which gender gaps in adolescent agency are larger or smaller in Nepal. Using baseline data for adolescent girls, adolescent boys, and adults in 54 clusters participating in the CARE Tipping Point Trial, multilevel analysis tested whether: adolescent boys had higher agency than girls; and community gender norms among adults partly accounted for or modified gender gaps in adolescent agency. Gender gaps in agency disfavoring girls were common. Community gender norms were more positively associated with intrinsic agency among girls than boys, and more negatively associated with instrumental and collective agency among girls than boys. Enhancing girls’ agency while promoting gender-equitable community norms may empower girls’ transition to adulthood.
Examining Risk Factors and Protective Resources as Predictors of Recovery Among Youth With Mental Illness and Lived Experience of Homelessness
Authors: Manoni-Millar Stéphanie , Distasio Jino , Latimer Eric , Somers Julian , Stergiopoulos Vicky , Kerman Nick , Roy Laurence , Aubry Tim
Published: December 2022

High level of mental health problems are a critical concern among youth experiencing or at-risk of homelessness. Using data from a randomized controlled trial on Housing First in Canada, this study examined the risk factors and protective resources associated with mental health recovery among 215 homeless youth with mental illness at baseline and at a 24-month follow-up. At study entry, higher levels of recovery were associated with a lower number of adverse childhood experiences, less frequent presence of mental health symptoms, higher level of satisfaction with social relationships, and a higher level of psychological integration at baseline. At 24-months, a lower frequency of experiencing mental health symptoms and a higher level of psychological integration were associated with a higher level of recovery. The study’s findings highlight the importance of protective resources, notably having supportive social relationships and a sense of belonging in the community as contributors to mental health recovery