bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Neo-Magnetic System Composed with Newtown from the Practice of Xi’an
Authors: Ren Yun Ying , Fu Kai , Tian Ye
Published: October 2011

This paper focuses on the methodology and dynamic system of New-town practice, which corresponds with the policy-oriented principle in Xi’an, and analyzes the relativity between the evolution of spatial structure and the influential factors such as the land usage, resources endowment, economic development, population growth, by studying the process of Xi’an Newtown construction over the past 20 years. Xi’an Newtown is attached to the main city area like a magnetic container, absorbing population either from urban or rural area. Furthermore, it is more like a huge magnetic field composed with multiple small poles. To some extent, New-town practice in Xi’an follows the policy-oriented principle, and meanwhile meets the goal of regeneration of cultural heritages, ecological restoration and low-carbon control. Yet it is very different from the experiences of building an anti-magnetic system of metropolitans in European countries after the World War II. Till now, seven relatively independent "edge cities" have came into being with new cluster centers and edge-economic growth poles, which effectively keeps the suburbs from spreading disorderly.
Study on Explicit Memory Management for CBEA Green Computing Architecture
Authors: Feng Guo Fu , Wang Ming , Chen Ming , Chi Tao
Published: October 2011

Heterogeneous multi-core processors are attractive for power efficient green computing because of their ability to meet varied resource requirements. The multi-level memory hierarchy of Cell Broadband Engine Architecture (CBEA) which requires explicit management by software poses significant challenges to performance increasing and programming. In this paper, with analysis of characteristic of the architecture, we implemented four access methods and a corresponding access library with a uniform memory access interface. Besides getting performance boosts beyond current level technology, the memory access library with uniform access interface could collect profile information of memory management for further performance optimization. Experimental results show the performance of proposed method is better than related works and profile information provided by the method is helpful for programmer to optimize application performance.
Analysis on Factors that Affect the Damping of Reinforced Concrete Beam under Hammering Method
Authors: Gu Da Peng , Yan Wei Ming , Chen Yan Jiang , Zhou Hai Xia
Published: October 2011

Abstract. Damping, as one of the most important indicators of the structure’s dynamic behaviors, depicts how energy dissipates during vibration. Using Hammering Method on Reinforced Concrete Simply Supported Beam model dynamic experiment, by analyzing the vibrating signals captured during hammering process, how the allocation of the sensors and the hammer strength affect the parameter identification can be revealed. A rational method of parameter identification can be presented as well.
On the Reconstruction of Historic Blocks and Inheritance of Urban Culture: on Reconstruction of Shanghai Xintiandi
Authors: Huang Hai Jing , Li Ling , Wang Heng Xu
Published: October 2011

Urban culture is the foundation of the development of city，and discussions on its inheritance have been held for a long time. It is necessary to protect the space-time characteristics of historical heritages and absorb the contemporary elements. Only in this way, can we ensure the cultural life of historic blocks, and offer it new meanings.
Analysis on Seismic Response Characteristics of a Face Rockfill Dam across an Extra Wide River Valley
Authors: Pan Jia Jun , Jiang Ling , Chen Yun
Published: October 2011

No relevant high earth face rockfill dams built across a river valley with a width-to-depth ratio of more than 8.0 is reported both at home and abroad. In this paper, non-linear finite elements method is adopted to analyze the seismic response of a 139m high CFRD proposed across a river valley with a width-to-depth ratio of 9.5, and dynamic response conditions such as dam’s absolute acceleration, dynamic displacement and dynamic stress etc., are highlighted Analysis results show that under existing design conditions, due to great river valley’s width-to-depth ratio, dam’s seismic response under an earthquake action of 8 Richter Scale is not intense, but an evident whipping effect occurs at the crest, it is necessary to take corresponding anti-seismic engineering measures.
Research of Defense Settlement of the Interior and Exterior Pass of Shanxi
Authors: Han Wei Cheng , Wang Jin Ping
Published: October 2011

From the ancient times, Shanxi was called the strategic gateway of the national capital. An impregnable defensive system is required to guard Shanxi, therefore, the defense settlement rose in response to the request, shaped as a city surrounded by many successive forts. Beyond the government building forts, there were a lot of civilian communities. According to the form and the size, the defense system could be distinguished as the following: Town City—Road City—Wei City－Suo City－Fort City —Community Fort. It was constructed as this: guarding system (outside) --- transportation system--- building units. The three layers affected and restricted each other.
Fireproof Design on City Traffic Road Tunnel
Authors: Ma Lan , Wang Zhao Fei , Yang Qiu Xia
Published: October 2011

The paper analyses the characteristics and reasons of fire occurring inside city traffic road tunnel, With an example of road tunnel project from Guangzhou, The paper presents the contents and emphases of fireproof design on city traffic road tunnel, which covers framework design , aeration design and refuge establishment .
A Review of Genetic Algorithms Applied to Optimizing Maintenance Strategy of Bridges
Authors: Bian Jing Mei , Bai Quan , Shi Qing Hua
Published: October 2011

Abstract:Along with the fast increasing of maintenance demand, the problems associated with maintenance and reinforcement decision-making for deteriorating bridges such as maintenance strategy optimization have been present research focus. The solutions to these problems have inspired a considerable amount of research, one particular area being the application of evolutionary search algorithms such as the genetic algorithm (GA). This paper begins with a brief overview of bridge maintenance strategy optimization followed by a review of the current state of research in applying evolutionary techniques to solving this problem.
The Study of Ecologically-Adapted Architectural Designing Method — under the Guidance of Regional Interface Typology
Authors: Song Ming Xing , Wei Chun Yu
Published: October 2011

This thesis is mainly contributed to the study of the complex interface type sorted as traditional architecture located in Western Hunan Province, by using the research methods of architectural typology. Furthermore, I extract its regional type and take the efforts to make typology transformation, and also pay enough attention to the regional expression of the architecture space and interface during the practice.
Strengthening Design of Rammed Pedestal Pile Based on Thin Stiff Stratum
Authors: Peng Hao Ming , Xie Jie Jun
Published: October 2011

This paper discusses the application of the rammed pedestal pile in thin stiff stratum in soft soil based on the engineering practice, presents the strengthening design of adopting thin stiff stratum as bearing stratum, and provides guidance for the strengthening of thin stiff stratum which has great economic significance on the reduction of engineering cost.
Influence of Shrinkage and Creep of the Concrete Slab on the Mechanical Behavior of Steel Arch Bridge
Authors: Wu Chong , He Zu Lin , He De Fu , Zhang Wan Jun , Wang Rui , Yang Guo Tao
Published: October 2011

Steel and concrete composite structures are widely used in bridge engineering, for it can fully utilize the compression property of concrete and tensile behavior of the steel. However, the coupled behavior of shrinkage and creep exist in concrete. The creep behavior is dependent on the initial stress, while shrinkage is not. The shrinkage and creep of the concrete have a significant influence on the internal force and deformation and it may cause the cracking or even the failure of the structure. Nowadays, precast concrete slab is widely adopted in the composite bridges to reduce the effect of shrinkage and creep. Storage time is a critical parameter for the precast concrete slab to reach the best economic benefit and mechanical behavior of the structure. Therefore, in this paper, the finite element model of Xinshiji Bridge with the consideration of the relative slip between the steel and concrete was established to investigate the influence of loading age of the concrete on the mechanical behavior of the composite bridge, and the optimal storage time was determined.
Optimal Design of the External Respiration Double Skin Facade
Authors: Feng Shi , Wei Wang
Published: October 2011

An optimal design is taken on the external respiration double skin facade (DSF) of a office building in Wuhan. The indoor thermal environment of the office units in the building have been simulated by taken computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, and then the paper analyzes the indoor temperature changes under the condition that the internal airflow status of the DSF for natural ventilation, without shade, vents closed and other cases, discusses the influences of different inner glazed skin’s thermal properties, DSF for active ventilation and different wind speed on indoor thermal environment, according to the simulation results we obtain parameters of relevant optimal design.
Thinking the Regional Performance of Contemporary High-Tech Building from the Architectural Design of Norman Foster
Authors: Kang Zhen Zhen , Zhang Bing Jun
Published: October 2011

High-Tech building is an important genre of contemporary architecture, which has a major impact on the architecture design nowadays. Based on some typical architectural designs of Norman Foster, the paper analyzes the specific regional performances of high-tech building and elucidates its characteristics
Evaluation of Public Building Energy Systems
Authors: Yang Mao Sheng , Ren Fei Lei
Published: October 2011

Considering that energy-saving of public building is affected by many complicated factors, and there exists difference energy-saving methods from the building project design stage, construction stage and operational stage. This article has firstly made an analysis from the point of the systems engineering, pointing out that the public building energy systems is based on the life cycle of the theory, and then set up the evaluation target system of public building energy systems. The evaluation target system includes energy consumption target, economic target, sustainable development target, environmental target, technical target and function target. Finally, we applied Extension evaluation method to evaluate public building energy-saving, and adopt AHP to make the weight of targets.
The Financing Decision Research of Entropy Proportion in Water-Recovery Engineering
Authors: Gao Xun Kuo , Zhao Chen Guo
Published: October 2011

Water-recovery is very useful for ease water shortages in our country cities. But this engineering’s investment is huge and capital pay back is very long. This type of environmental engineering depends on the government investment primarily, but now financial only from the government already cannot satisfy needs. In order to reduce the government's financial burden, we should expand more financial channels. Therefore, this kind of project financing decision is becoming more and more important. This paper puts forward a method considering policymakers experience combine with objective date. This Information entropy theory model can order according to approach degree in order to select the best scheme, which can provide a kind of subjective and objective for project financing decision combined with decision making method, making the decision more reasonable.
A Study on Game of Carbon Trade Risks under Non-Market Function
Authors: Li Xiao Ying , Lu Cai Wu , Jin Wei Xing
Published: October 2011

This paper through the analysis on status and barriers of carbon trade in China and factors for price, made a study on the game of carbon trade risks under non-market function. This paper used the reverse signal transduction model, analyzes the path selection of emissions measures under the government mandatory policy. And it established the two stages carbon trading competition model, which reveals the best effort level and the optimal referral reward (incentive problems) under the voluntary emissions of carbon trading. And then it established the characteristic carbon trade mode of China providing reference to the economic development of China’s future carbon emission trade market.
Study on the Local Heating Modes in North of Qinghai Province
Authors: Liu Jia Ping , Chen Lin Bo
Published: October 2011

Qinghai province is one of the important provinces in the development of the western region. It has a continental plateau climate and is extreme cold in winter. There are many local heating modes. Based on the field investigation, this paper presents six heating modes, independent stove, stove Kang, stove heating system, heated Kang, passive solar house, active and passive integration solar house, and compares their advantages and disadvantages. The heating information presented in this paper is significant for the development of heating, and has reference value for heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) engineers.
Influence of the Initial Nitrogen Concentration on Eliminating Nitrogen Load of Europhia Sediment Capping with Active Barrier System (ABS)
Authors: Xu Jin Lan , Wang Lei , Kang Jun Chen , Huang Ting Lin , Dong Yu Hua
Published: October 2011

Abstract: Active barrier system (ABS) capping zeolite with large surface area and strong adsorption ability is an effective way to control eutrophication of lake since it can remove ammonia in the lake released by sediment. Influence of the initial nitrogen concentration on eliminating nitrogen load of europhia sediment capping with active barrier system (ABS) were studied through an investigation of the repairment results of serious pollution period (total nitrogen concentration up to 25.33 mg/L), moderate pollution period (14.39 mg/L) and the slight pollution period (3.47 mg/L) of the ancient Canal of Yangzhou. The results showed that: (1) zeolite F1 inhibition effect is stronger than zeolite F2. More TN were removed as the initial TN concentration increased and longer rapid inhibit period were presented with the increased initial TN concentration. (2) The ammonia nitrogen in sediment could be rapidly released into the overlying water, and with lower initial TN concentration in source water, more ammonia would be released from the sediment. Long time treatment was necessary to inhibit the release of ammonia completely if the water showed a high initial TN concentration. (3) After covering zeolite, the total nitrogen in the overlying water were removed mainly through nitrification and denitrification. At the initial TN concentration of 3.47 mg/L, 14.39 mg/L, 25.88 mg/L, 61%, 45% and 52% of TN were removed by the conversion of ammonia to nitrogen gas, however, others left in water as nitrate nitrogen and nitrite residues, and 90% was nitrate nitrogen.
Analysis on Potential Energy-Saving by Ventilation Management in Existent Office Building in Northwest Sichuan P.R.
Authors: Li Xian Bi
Published: October 2011

There is some restrictive in reducing office building energy consumption by natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation. Mianyang city is a typical city in northwest Sichuan P.R. According to the typical weather condition and building spatial arrangement, natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation can be used to save energy by efficiency ventilation management.
A Kind of Efficient and Energy Saving Pulsed High-Voltage Supplying Technology of Electrostatic Precipitator
Authors: Chen Deng Feng , Wang Yu Ping , Dong Hui
Published: October 2011

Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is one of the most important and efficient applicants in industrial dust pollution protection. The charging method of ESP influences the efficient of dust-collection and operating stability of ESP markedly. A new pulsed high-voltage supplying technology of ESP was proposed in this paper. The principles of the pulsed high-voltage supplying circuit and the energy recuperation circuit are studied. The simulation experiments certified their feasibility and innovativeness.
The Green Value Evaluation Study of Ecology Energy Conservation Construction
Authors: Yang Mao Sheng , Ning Ji Huan , Ning Rui Rui
Published: October 2011

This paper makes a detailed analysis of the four dimensions of influencing factors and composition index, namely, financial return, resource consumption, environment load and external benefit. On the basis of such an analysis, the paper establishes a comprehensive assessment on the green value of ecological energy-saving buildings. And discusses the concept of ecological energy-saving buildings, and reveals the content of the green value.
Comprehensive Evaluation for Tao Huaxi Ecological Water System Project in Lanzhou
Authors: Liu Yu Ping , Zhao Yan Long , Bao Xue Ying
Published: October 2011

Using AHP to establish the water ecological projects, and conduct a series of index system matrix to determine the weights of each index, and according to the weight of each index combining grey correlation method to conduct grey relation analysis between ideal scheme and different scheme, and determined an ideal solution for ecological water system projects in Lanzhou with a clear comprehensive evaluation.
Sustainable Development Drivers for Green Buildings: Incremental Costs-Benefits Analysis of Green Buildings
Authors: Mao Yi Hua , Yang Guo Hua
Published: October 2011

With the rise of low-carbon economy, more and more investors understand and accept the concept of sustainable development, some investors have gradually shifted business focus to green buildings, but most are still on the sidelines. For investors, the most important consideration in their decision-making is the project's future benefits. The main aim of this paper is to identify incremental return on incremental costs of green buildings from the real estate investor’s perspective by analyzing a green residential building project. Based on the detailed analysis of incremental costs and benefits of the green building, the paper obtains the incremental investment rate of return using incremental analysis method. It certifies that there is a large benefit space for the developers to invest in green buildings.
Research on Several Fracture Forms and Controlling Parameters of Ductile Materials
Authors: Li Zhi Hui , Shi Jun Ping , Tang An Min
Published: October 2011

The experimental procedures of mixed mode fracture of several ductile materials are investigated. The position and direction of crack initiation are determined according to a new method. The variations of fracture caused by different physical mechanisms are analyzed. Through studying the changing regularity of different fracture mechanisms, it is believed that the main ways of the fracture in ductile materials can be divided into three groups. They are traction fracture and two different types of shear fracture. Void nucleation, expansion and coalescing are the dominant mechanism of traction fracture. The formation and development of localized shear bands are the dominant mechanism of the two different types of shear fracture. Localized large plastic deformation will cause damage within the material. The fundamental factor, which causes the occurrence of fracture in the material, is a certain stress parameter at the dangerous point has reached the critical fracture value of the material. Based on those phenomena listed above, several fracture controlling parameters for different fracture forms have been discussed, and several new parameters, which affect various fracture forms, have been proposed.
Studies on the Carbonation Restraint Capability of Dam Concrete with High Fly Ash Content
Authors: Yan Han Dong
Published: October 2011

A quantificational relationship between carbonization depth and fly ash content as well as carbonation age to the mortars corresponding to five typical concrete mixture ratio of dam interior，exterior and foundation was educed by means of accelerating carbonation test and plurality regression means. The experimental results demonstrated that the carbonation restraint capability of the concrete was degreased with the increase of the fly ash content. The studies on the Ca(OH)2 content of the fly ash-cement paste attested that the replacement of fly ash to cement should be low to 40% in dam exterior concrete according to the results of theoretics calculation, glycerine-ethanol and XRD measurement. The extent of the Pozzloan reaction of the fly ash was reduced with the increase of the fly ash content according to the Ca(OH)2 quantity expended by the Pozzolan reaction resulted from the TG-DTA measurement. The Pozzloan reaction of the fly ash occurred mainly before 90d of the curing age, and it would not be high form 90d till to one year. The fly ash content of the dam interior and foundation concrete may be enhanced to 55% because the dam interior and foundation concrete were not contacted with the atmosphere and the carbonation extent may be very low.
Utilization of Phosphogypsum as Raw Material for Manufacturing of Non-Fired Load-Bearing Wall Bricks
Authors: Yang Lin , Yan Yun , Hu Zhi Hua
Published: October 2011

Non-fired load-bearing wall brick was prepared utilizing non-treated original waste PG as raw material in the laboratory. When the amount of PG and cement is 65% and 10% (by weight) in the brick mixture, respectively, the compressive strength of bricks is still over 23MPa and the flexural strength comes up to 4MPa. Besides, the bricks hold excellent water-resistance and frost-resistance. Effects of steel slag or/and fly ash content on performance of bricks and effects of the change of sand content on water-resistance and frost-resistance are discussed. Results indicate that the compressive strength, flexural strength and soft coefficient are higher when blended mineral additive with various amounts of steel slag and fly ash. The frost-resistance goes up with the increase of the steel slag content, the water-resistance and frost-resistance goes down when the sand content decreases from 15% to 10%, no matter the 5% sand was replaced by fly ash or steel slag as equal weight. Microstructure of brick was investigated by XRD and SEM. Strength of brick results from a large amount of AFt (3CaO•Al2O3•3 CaSO4•32H2O) and C-S-H (calcium silicate hydrate) presented in the matrix which may be viewed as the biggest strength contributors bonding the gypsum and quartz together to a compact matrix.
Category Analysis and Application Status Study of Energy-Saving Product of Building Envelope in Northern China
Authors: Li Guo Chang , Zhang Chun Yu , Gao Cheng Fu
Published: October 2011

In order to establish and analyze the categories and application status of energy-saving products of building envelope in northern China, especially in severe cold and cold climate zones, the categories and statistic data of building envelope in northern China is gained in the classes of wall, door and window, through the way of referencing from the relevant literatures and data, investigating and visiting companies. The comparison and analysis of the date shows that the building envelop in northern China can basically meet the design requirement of heat preservation and energy-saving in severe cold and cold climate zones. Traditional products of building envelop are suitable for the multiple requirements and energy-saving need of modern architecture. Further research and development of new materials and technologies is needed but the restrain and lack of standardization in existing market should also be taken into consideration. The categories and statistic data in this paper play a reference role to other scholars and designers for researching the building envelop in severe cold and cold climate zones.
Operating Characteristic of IC Reactor Treating Wastewater of Sweet Potato Starch
Authors: Zhu Ling Feng , Guo Yi Ping , Huang Dou Dou , Tian Yan'e , Liu Li Li
Published: October 2011

The operating characteristics of IC reactor were studied when wastewater of sweet potato starch was utilized to domesticate the granular sludge. The effect of temperature on the treatment of sweet potato starch wastewater using IC reactor was specially researched. Results showed that the COD removal rate improved gradually in the process of the granular sludge in the IC reactor was domesticated by wastewater of sweet potato starch, and the activity of granular sludge also increasingly recovered. When the domestication was finished, the volume loading rate and the COD removal rate could attain 21.9kgCOD/ (m3 •d) and 84%, respectively. When the system temperature was between 29～35°C,the COD removal rate could be above 80%. However, when the temperature decreased, the COD removal rate reduced sharply.
New Construction of Water Measuring Devices Accurate Micro-Flow Drip
Authors: Pang He Liang , Gao Jin Liang , Qin Ke Na
Published: October 2011

China is an arid country, but leakthrough phenomenon is widespread in chinese architecture, which resulting in invalid water supply and the waste of water resource. The structure of this device is simple and the effect is obvious.Its working principle is to use the pressure difference between the waterproof plugs to store a certain big amount of flow by accumulating the small flow which can not be measured,.Making the micro-flow of water be the discontinuous high flow which can be measured by water-flowmeter,so as to achieve accurate measurement of micro-flow. In addition, the device is precise and the flow losses and head losses are small, having a strong practical applicability.As an innovative product ,it has many superiorities such as no energy, low cost and so on.
Study on Problems Concering the Application of Solar Energy in Energy Efficiency of Building
Authors: Zhang Wei Hua , Liu Jia Ping
Published: October 2011

The application of solar energy technology is of vital significance to the development of China’s residential housing. As one kind of renewable energy source, solar energy has its advantages and distinct defects at the same time, thus, the application of such source is greatly limited. In China, an issue with realistic significance is reducing the cost of total energy consumption through solar energy to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.
Study on Production Wastewater in Water Treatment Plants by Submerged Micro-Filtration Membrane
Authors: Yang Jin Man , Jia Rui Bao , Wang Zhan Jin , Yang Xiao Liang , Pan Zhang Bin
Published: October 2011

To verify the feasibility of micro-filtration membrane process to treat the water treatment plants production wastewater, a submerged polypropylene membrane module was applied in a test pilot plant. It was found that membrane process had remarkable characteristics of stable operation, high water quality and the membrane module were needed to chemical medicine washing as trans-membrane pressure (TMP) to 36 Kpa after running across 41day. The operation cycle was the best period for 20 minutes (filter 18 minutes, backwash 2 minutes). Membrane filtration water was showed as turbidity of 0.1-0.2NTU, CODMn generally less than 3mg / L, CODMn removal efficiency of 60% -80%.Fe2 +, Mn2 +,Al3 + and THMFP of membrane filtration water were lower than the national drinking water health standards.
Behavior of FRP Sandwich Panels under Synergistic Effects of Low Temperature and Cyclic Loading I: Experiment and Numerical Simulation Method
Authors: Du Bai Song , Ma Zhong Guo , Luo Ling
Published: October 2011

The paper is concerned with using experiments and numerical simulations to study the mechanical performance of a Honeycomb Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (HFRP) sandwich panel at different temperatures, especially at low temperatures coupled with cyclic loadings. All physical tests were performed in a temperature controlled room and used a three-point bending setup where the applied load gradually increased from zero to 36kN. Experimental results show that the stiffness of the panel becomes softer at some lower temperatures. In order to eliminate the influence of the initial conditions, an incremental method was introduced to process the experimental results. This method treated all displacements and strains as zero when applying a load of 4.5kN. Furthermore, the change in stiffness of the panel was obtained through the use of a special equivalent stiffness which involved measuring the change of the stiffness of the panel. After comparing different methods, the composite shell method was used to build finite element models for numerical simulations in ABAQUS. Reduction of moduli and Random Mesh Size Method (RMSM) were employed to simulate microcracking between fibers and matrix and debonding between the core and face sheets, respectively.
Design of Safety Monitoring System for Super-Large Deep Foundation Pit in City Center
Authors: Pan Wei Dong , Gu Ren Guo , Hu Gui Xian , Sheng Xiao Long
Published: October 2011

Aimed at main factors influencing the safety of super-large deep foundation pit, a safety monitoring system combined with technologies of modern compute, network, image-video transmission and GPS satellite positioning was designed in this paper. The system is effective in rapid, precise data collection, scientific analysis, giving feedbacks, sharing information between different departments using different sources of monitoring data and other related information. It can provide security for construction of foundation pit, and valuable for foundation pit design and construction technology advancement.
Running Cars Induced Wind Loads on Sound Barrier of Elevated Roads
Authors: Wang Da Lei , Zheng Liang , Chen Ai Rong
Published: October 2011

Sound barriers are widely used as an important engineering measure to mitigate traffic noise pollution in urban elevated roads. However, structure design codes on sound barrier used in urban viaduct is empty, which is a key reason for the short service life of sound barrier. Numerical simulation of characteristics of running cars induced wind loads on sound barrier of elevated roads is carried out based on the method of computational fluid dynamics. The changing course of wind loads on the surface of sound barrier is reappeared in the process of cars passing by the sound barrier. The distribution rule of wind loads on the surface of sound barrier at different space positions is revealed. Influence factors of wind loads on surface of sound barrier are discussed by parameter analysis. The conclusions shows that running cars induced wind loads on sound barrier of elevated roads should considered as one main design loads, especially for the anti-fatigue design of steel columns of plate-inserted sound barrier.
Mechanics Model of Stress Compute on Contract Deformation of the Concrete’s Foundation Mat
Authors: Dong Yu Hui , Wang Hui Min , Wang Xiu Mei , Xing Hua
Published: October 2011

It is a knotty problem in the actual project, that contraction deformation produce stretching stress on the concrete engineering. To counter deformation characteristic of the large-scale concrete foundation mat in construction temperature field,this paper has put a complete set of compute mechanics model of stress analysis and influence limits of constrained deformation on the basis of Saint-Venant’s principle. A number of computing formulas were inferred with theory of materil mechanics and structural mechanics,so that have obtained a set of analysis methods.By theory analysing and computing an actual project, it was that compute result accorded with structure law and the seat of compute crack was identical with cracking seat of the actual project.So, the achievement has the same values about the theory and the engineering application.
Numerical Simulation of the Quasi-Static Axial Compression of the Pseudo-Elastic Phase Transformation Cylindrical Shells
Authors: Li Dan , Tao Jun Lin , Tang Zhi Ping
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the quasi-static axial compression of the pseudo-elastic phase transformation cylindrical shells (PTCS) is systematically investigated experimentally and numerically. Some interesting phenomena and regularities are found and in-depth understanding is gained: (i) static buckling instability properties of the PTCS with different sizes; (ⅱ) the formation and development regularities of the phase transformation hinges (PTHs). The length-diameter ratio (L/D) of the PTCS is closely related to its buckling modes.
Experimental Study on Concrete’s Dry-Shrinkage Stress in Construction Stage
Authors: Xia Duo Tian , He Ming Sheng , Tang Yan Juan , Shi Lei Wei
Published: October 2011

At present, many experts and scholars use theory way to search the concrete’s dry shrinking stress. According to action and in-action principle, the writer designed one experiment model indoor to test the concrete’s stress variety in construction stage by the stress and strain apparatus. In this experiment, successfully collected the data of the stress variety with the time in 0~24 hours of concrete plank-placing in unit width. Through analysis the data, discover the regulation that dry shrinking cause crack in concrete’s construction stage.
Random Seismic Response Analysis of Leaning-Type Arch Bridge
Authors: Li Yong He , Liu Ai Rong , Yu Qi Cai , Tang Pan , Cheng Fang Jie
Published: October 2011

With an example of steel pipe concrete leaning-type arch bridge, space truss system Finite Element Analysis model is constructed using the Ruiz-Penzien random seismic vibration power spectrum model. The impact of inclined arch rib angle and the number of cross brace between main and stable arch ribs on the seismic internal force response under lateral random seismic excitation is also studied in this research. Research finding shows, the in-plane bending moment of main arch rib gradually increases with increasing stable arch rib angle and cross brace, whereas the out-of-plane bending moment and axial force display a decreasing trend. In general, this indicates that increasing stable arch rib angle and number of cross brace improves the lateral aseismatic performance of leaning-type arch bridge.
Internal Load Determination of Two Spatial Structures: A Simple Roof Truss and a Quadrangular Pyramid
Authors: Niu Wen Jie
Published: October 2011

Single storey industrial plant, civil building and shelters from rain in stadium and gymnasium both have roof system. They are spatial structures. This paper intends to calculate the internal load of a simple truss when external load is applied between truss nodes. Quadrangular pyramids supporting system was also discussed. For the roof trusses, if the node is rigid connection, they can not be simplified as hinges connection. If the node of quadrangular pyramids is rigid connection, the author of this paper speculated that if the supporting bar does not occur bending deflection, the calculation that simplified the rigid connection as hinge connection is approximately right which needs future experimental validation. The buckling analysis of the top chord for roof trusses and the bars in quadrangular pyramids supporting system are both important.
Study of Permeability Coefficient in Pumping Test on Steady Flow in Completely Penetrating Well
Authors: Men Ni , Sun You Wei , Bo Jing Shan , Li Ping , Lin Wei
Published: October 2011

Permeability coefficient is one of the important hydrogeololgy parameters on dewatering design. Owing to complexity of hydrogeololgy and diversity of calculation, there is much difference in calculated values of permeability coefficient. This paper takes the case of pumping test on steady flow in completely penetrating well at underground station of Zhengzhou-Xinzheng airport route, the test result is analyzed and calculated with the whole process and multi-methods, and then the permeability coefficient of soil horizon is determined comprehensively with some reference value.
Changes in Cupressus funebris and Cryptomeria fortunei Root Parameters in Landslides Caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake
Authors: Yu Hui , Cheng Song , Yang Gang , Gao Yong Heng , Zhang Zhong You , Peng Bo , Xiong Gang
Published: October 2011

Strong earthquakes (>7.0 Ms) critically change pedosphere, how the changed soils disturb tree root growth related to forest restoration is unclear globally. Therefore, a total of 15 plots were established in non-removed and landslide areas of Cupressus funebris and Cryptomeria fortunei plantations near northern section of fault belt of Wenchuan Earthquake (8.0 Ms) occurring in May 12, 2008, China. 112 and 114 small fine roots (≤2.0 mm in diameter) in all the plots were sampled in June and October of 2009. Mean tips length/length, area/ length, volume/length, mean tips length/biomass, specific root area and specific root length in 0.0–0.5, >0.5–1.0 and >1.0–2.0 mm diameters of roots were examined. This study revealed 1) root parameters did not respond to the landslide soils in the June, but did until the October, suggesting after many root tips and tiny roots die in winter, the roots lose sensitivity to a changing soil environment; 2) mean tips length/length and mean tips length/biomass decreased for Cupressus funebris, and increased for Cryptomeria fortunei as well as area/length and volume/length in the landslide soils, implying both species roots have different processes of forest restoration; 3) the smallest sized roots were more sensitive to the landslide soils than the other sized roots, which are better indicators for the forest restoration.
Exogenous Nitric Oxide Reduces Cadmium Toxicity of Maize Roots
Authors: Li Hai Yan , Shao Hong
Published: October 2011

The effects of nitric oxide (NO) in protecting maize (Zea mays) roots against cadmium (Cd) toxicity were investigated. Maize seedlings pretreated for 24 h with 10-40 µM sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an NO donor, and subsequently exposed to 5 µM Cd for 24 h exhibited significantly greater root elongation as compared with the plants without SNP pretreatment. The pretreatment with 20 µM SNP alleviated Cd toxicity most obviously. SNP reduced Cd-induced accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malonodialdehyde (MDA), which indicated NO alleviated Cd-induced oxidative damage. Cd treatment resulted in an upregulation of activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and the contents of glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate (ASC). Though SNP suppresses activities of POD, SOD and APX, it increases the production of non-enzymic antioxidants including glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate (ASC). The protective effect of SNP on Cd toxicity can be reversed by 2-(4-carboxy-2-phenyl)-4,4,5,5 -tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO), a NO scavenger, suggesting that the protective effect of SNP is attributable to NO released. These results suggest that NO plays an important role in protecting the plant against Cd-induced oxidative damage.
Abscisic Acid-Induced Chilling Tolerance in Maize Seedlings Is Mediated by Nitric Oxide and Associated with Antioxidant System
Authors: Li Hai Yan , Zhang Wan Zhong
Published: October 2011

Abscisic acid (ABA) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) treatment significantly increased chilling tolerance in maize seedlings. ABA in combination with nitric oxide (NO) donor SNP further enhanced the ABA-induced chilling tolerance. But the addition of NO scavenger 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO) nullified the increasing effect of SNP on chilling tolerance. In addition, the combination of ABA and PTIO decreased the ABA-induced chilling tolerance. Measurement of activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and the level of lipid peroxidation (in terms of malondialdehyde) indicated that chilling stress induced an oxidative stress in maize seedlings. ABA treatment enabled maize seedlings to maintain higher SOD and CAT activities and lower level of H2O2 and lipid peroxidation under chilling stress. ABA in combination with SNP further enhanced the ABA-induced increase in SOD and CAT activities and lowered the chilling stress-induced lipid peroxidation in the ABA-treated seedlings. But the addition of PTIO scavenged the increasing effect of SNP. In addition, the combination of ABA and PTIO had a contrary effect with that of ABA and SNP. These results suggest that the ABA-induced chilling tolerance is mediated by NO, NO is involved in ABA-induced chilling tolerance by increasing activities of antioxidant enzymes and reduced endogenous H2O2 accumulation.
Dynamic Response Analysis of Asphalt Pavement Based on Transversely Isotropic Subgrade under Different Speeds
Authors: Guo Xiang Yun , Li Zhen Feng , Zhang Ming
Published: October 2011

Considering the typical semi-rigid pavement structure, combined with our existing asphalt pavement structural design specification indicators and pavement analysis evaluation indexes, this paper discussed the changing of surface deflection and the tensile stress of the bottom of asphalt pavement graded aggregate base on load axle center under subgrade transversely isotropic, different speeds and non-uniform dynamic load ,when the vehicles running to the central road of model which has a good guide for low speed controlling and service life extension of the road.
A Numerical Analysis on the Behavior of End-Bearing Pile for Supporting Embankment over Soft Soils
Authors: Cao Wei Ping , Zhao Min , Shi Qi Chao
Published: October 2011

Piled embankments are increasingly used to construct highways on soft soils. End-bearing piles for supporting embankment exhibit different characteristics for the soil arch developed within the embankments. A numerical analysis was conducted to evaluate the soil stress concentration ratio, pile and soil settlements, pile axial force, negative skin friction (NSF) and location of the neutral plane (NP) during embankment filling and consolidation of soft soils. The results indicate that the stress concentration ratio varies with time and most of the embankment load is born by the pile. The soil pressure on the soft soils increase and reach a maximum value during the filling, then decrease gradually and maintain nearly a constant value at the end of the consolidation. The settlement of shallow soft soils differs significantly from that of the deep soft soils. The location of the NP shows a complicated variation.
Application of Information Entropy and FAHP Evaluation Model in Optimization Decision of Bracing System for Deep Excavation
Authors: Ding Min , Yan Yi , Zhang Yong Xing
Published: October 2011

The selection of bracing system for a deep excavation is a quite complex system engineering which relates to many target factors of safety and feasibility, economy and rationality, construction period, convenience of construction and environmental protection. In order to avoid the casualness in determining subjective weight by traditional fuzzy analytic hierarchy process evaluation, taking information entropy into consideration, the comprehensive evaluation model was established. This model is proved to be reasonable and effective by an engineering example.
TOPSIS-Based Multi-Criteria Group Decision Making under Heterogeneous Information Setting
Authors: Peng Ding Hong , Gao Chang Yuan , Wu Li Xuan
Published: October 2011

This paper presents a multi-criteria group decision making method based TOPSIS, which can be used to deal with heterogeneous information(the numerical, interval valued and linguistic variable with different granularity). The uniform and aggregation of the heterogeneous information is investigated to effectively avoid loss of information. The OWA Operator based on separation measures is constructed. Finally, a numerical experiment is used to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method.
Study of Fraunhofer Diffraction Pattern from a Circular Aperture Using an Optical Fiber Microprobe
Authors: Mukhtar Wan Maisarah , Menon P. Susthitha , Shaari Sahbudin
Published: October 2011

Fraunhofer diffraction pattern from a circular aperture with the diameter of 10µm was observed using an optical fiber microprobe. The optical fiber microprobe started to detect optical power when the distance between the probe and the circular aperture was more than 292µm. When the probe was moved in a lateral motion, the light propagation showed a Bessel function profile. When the optical fiber microprobe was moved from 293µm to 309µm from the centre of the circular aperture in a transverse motion, the power detected was not consistent with a continuation of maxima and minima due to the effect of light propagation from the circular aperture. We also observed that the distance between the probe and the centre of the circular aperture was directly proportional with the radius of focused spot and inversely proportional with the Fresnel number.
Inverse Hall-Petch Effect of Hardness in Nanocrystalline Ta Films
Authors: Cao Zhen Hua , Meng Xiang Kang
Published: October 2011

Hardness and creep property of nanocrystalline Ta films were studied by nanoindentation tests. Experimental results suggested that hardness decreases with the decrement of grain size, which exhibits an inverse Hall-Petch effect. A remarkable room temperature creep behavior of nanocrystalline Ta films was revealed during indentation response. Creep stress exponent decreases with the decrement of feature scale, such as grain size and indent displacement. Grain boundary (GB) mediated process involving atomic diffusion and the emission of dislocation at GB is believed to be the dominant deformation mechanism.
Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Novel 2 DOF Haptic Master Device Featuring Magneto-Rheological Fluid
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Bac , Oh Jong Seok , Choi Seung Bok
Published: October 2011

In this study, configuration and modeling of haptic mater device for minimally invasive surgery (MIS) featuring magneto-rheological (MR) fluid are proposed. This haptic device consists of two friction-free magneto-rheological (FFMR) brakes incorporated with a gimbal mechanism for realizing a 2-DOF rotational motion. The total torque induced from the FFMR brakes of the haptic device is computed based on Bingham model. In order to enhance the performance of the device, an optimal design for its brakes is undertaken. A prototype for the design is then manufactured and an experiment is undertaken to validate the result of the optimal design process.
Preparation of Lightweight Bricks Using Sewage Sludge
Authors: Jeong Jae Ah , Lee Woo Keun
Published: October 2011

8,285 tons/day of sewage sludge was discharged in 2009. Our study investigated improving sewage sludge’s recyclability by making lightweight bricks from it. The bricks’ compressive strength, specific gravity, water absorption and so on were measured to evaluate its characteristics. Its compressive strength ranged from 1.11 MPa to 10.92 MPa (3-class clay brick, the Korean standard, is 10.78 MPa or more). Its highest compressive strength was obtained at the mixing ratio of SS:MBA:BFS:WA = 6:1:1:2, and its range of specific gravity was 0.73–1.02 g/cm3. Heavy metal did not leach from it. Therefore, sewage sludge can be prepared and used to make lightweight brick.