bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The World Health Organization Reporting System for Lung Cytopathology
Authors: Schmitt Fernando C. , Bubendorf Lukas , Canberk Sule , Chandra Ashish , Cree Ian A. , Engels Marianne , Hiroshima Kenzo , Jain Deepali , Kholová Ivana , Layfield Lester , Mehrotra Ravi , Michael Claire W. , Osamura Robert , Pitman Martha B. , Roy-Chowdhuri Sinchita , Satoh Yukitoshi , VanderLaan Paul , Zakowski Maureen F. , Field Andrew S.
Published: December 2022

The International Academy of Cytology has joined with the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) to bring together a group of experts in lung cytopathology to develop a WHO Reporting System for Lung Cytopathology (WHO System). This WHO System defines five categories for reporting lung cytopathology, that is, “Insufficient”/“Inadequate”/“Non-diagnostic,” “Benign,” “Atypical,” “Suspicious for malignancy,” and “Malignant,” each with a clear descriptive term for the category, a definition, a risk of malignancy and a suggested management algorithm. The key diagnostic cytopathology features of each of the lesions within each category have been established by consensus and will be presented more fully in a subsequent IARC e-book and published hard cover book.The WHO System provides the best practice application of ancillary testing, including immunocytochemistry and molecular pathology, and provides a review to guide sampling and processing techniques to optimize the handling and preparation of the cytopathology sample emphasizing the cytomorphological differential diagnosis to aid low-resourced settings. The authors recognize that local medical and pathology resources will vary, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, and have developed the WHO System to make it applicable worldwide based on cytomorphology with options for further diagnostic management of the patient.The online WHO System provides a direct link to the WHO Tumour Classification for Thoracic Tumours 5th Edition. It will raise the profile and use of cytopathology by increasing awareness of its current role and its potential role in the era of personalized medicine based on molecular pathology utilizing “small biopsies.” Ultimately, the System will improve patient care and outcomes.This System aims to improve and standardize the reporting of cytopathology, facilitate communication between cytopathologists and clinicians and improve patient care. The System is based on the current role of lung cytopathology and synthesizes the existing evidence while highlighting areas requiring further research and the future potential role of lung cytopathology.
Masking preprocessing in transfer learning for damage building detection
Authors: Toba Hapnes , Bunyamin Hendra , Widyaya Juan Elisha , Wibisono Christian , Haryadi Lucky Surya
Published: December 2022

The sudden climate change occurring in different places in the world has made disasters more unpredictable than before. In addition, responses are often late due to manual processes that have to be performed by experts. Consequently, major advances in computer vision (CV) have prompted researchers to develop smart models to help these experts. We need a strong image representation model, but at the same time, we also need to prepare for a deep learning environment at a low cost. This research attempts to develop transfer learning models using low-cost masking pre-processing in the experimental building damage (xBD) dataset, a large-scale dataset for advancing building damage assessment. The dataset includes eight types of disasters located in fifteen different countries and spans thousands of square kilometers of satellite images. The models are based on U-Net, i.e., AlexNet, visual geometry group (VGG)-16, and ResNet-34. Our experiments show that ResNet-34 is the best with an F1 score of 71.93%, and an intersection over union (IoU) of 66.72%. The models are built on a resolution of 1,024 pixels and use only first-tier images compared to the state-of-the-art baseline. For future orientations, we believe that the approach we propose could be beneficial to improve the efficiency of deep learning training.
Deep convolutional neural networks-based features for Indonesian large vocabulary speech recognition
Authors: Pardede Hilman F. , Adhi Purwoko , Zilvan Vicky , Ramdan Ade , Krisnandi Dikdik
Published: December 2022

There are great interests in developing speech recognition using deep learning technologies due to their capability to model the complexity of pronunciations, syntax, and language rules of speech data better than the traditional hidden Markov model (HMM) do. But, the availability of large amount of data is necessary for deep learning-based speech recognition to be effective. While this is not a problem for mainstream languages such as English or Chinese, this is not the case for non-mainstream languages such as Indonesian. To overcome this limitation, we present deep features based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) for Indonesian large vocabulary continuous speech recognition in this paper. The CNN is trained discriminatively which is different from usual deep learning implementations where the networks are trained generatively. Our evaluations show that the proposed method on Indonesian speech data achieves 7.26% and 9.01% error reduction rates over the state-of-the-art deep belief networks-deep neural networks (DBN-DNN) for large vocabulary continuous speech recognition (LVCSR), with Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) and filterbank (FBANK) used as features, respectively. An error reduction rate of 6.13% is achieved compared to CNN-DNN with generative training.
Classification of semantic segmentation using fully convolutional networks based unmanned aerial vehicle application
Authors: Ahmed Shouket Abdulrahman , Desa Hazry , Hussain Abadal-Salam T.
Published: December 2022

The classification of semantic segmentation-based unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) application based on the datasets used in this work and the necessary data preprocessing steps for the optimization and implementation of the models are also involved. The optimization of the various models was done using the evaluation metrics and loss functions because deep neural networks (DNNs) are just about writing a cost function and its subsequent optimization. convolutional neural network (CNN) is a common type of artificial neural network (ANN) that has found application in numerous tasks, such as image and video recognition, image classification, recommender systems, financial time series, medical image analysis, and natural language processing. CNN is developed to automatically and adaptively learn spatial feature hierarchies via backpropagation using numerous building blocks, such as pooling, convolution, and fully connected layers. The result of identification was excellent. The image segmentation was detected and comprehend the actual components of an image down to the pixel level. The result created an entire image segmentation masks with instances using the new label editor in the label box.
A collaborated genetic with lion optimization algorithms for improving the quality of forwarding in a vehicular ad-hoc network
Authors: Rashid Sami Abduljabbar , Hamdi Mustafa Maad , Audah Lukman , Jubair Mohammed Ahmed , Hassan Mustafa Hamid , Abood Mohammed Salah , Mostafa Salama A.
Published: December 2022

Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is dynamic and it works on various noteworthy applications in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). In general, routing overhead is more in the VANETs due to their properties. Hence, need to handle this issue to improve the performance of the VANETs. Also due to its dynamic nature collision occurs. Up till now, we have had immense complexity in developing the multi-constrained network with high quality of forwarding (QoF). To solve the difficulties especially to control the congestion this paper introduces an enhanced genetic algorithmbased lion optimization for QoF-based routing protocol (EGA-LOQRP) in the VANET network. Lion optimization routing protocol (LORP) is an optimization-based routing protocol that can able to control the network with a huge number of vehicles. An enhanced genetic algorithm (EGA) is employed here to find the best possible path for data transmission which leads to meeting the QoF. This will result in low packet loss, delay, and energy consumption of the network. The exhaustive simulation tests demonstrate that the EGA-LOQRP routing protocol improves performance effectively in the face of congestion and QoS assaults compared to the previous routing protocols like Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV), ant colony optimization-AODV (ACO-AODV) and traffic aware segmentAODV (TAS-AODV).
Robustness enhancement study of augmented positive identification controller by a sigmoid function
Authors: Issa Abbas H. , Mahmood Sarab A. , Humod Abdulrahim T. , Ameen Nihad M.
Published: December 2022

The dissolved oxygen concentration in the wastewater treatment process (WWTP) must remain in a specific range while the factory operates. The augmented positive identification (PID) controller with a nonlinear element (sigmoid function) is proposed to assure stability and reduce uncertainties in the wastewater direct reuse/recycling model. The nonlinear controller gains (PID controller with sigmoid function) for uncertain wastewater treatment processes are tuned using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. The proposed robust method for controlling wastewater treatment processes has good robustness during model mismatching, reduces treatment time compared to traditional positive identification (PID) controllers tuned by PSO, is easy to apply, and has good performance, according to simulation results.
Dialect classification using acoustic and linguistic features in Arabic speech
Authors: Humayun Mohammad Ali , Yassin Hayati , Abas Pg Emeroylariffion
Published: December 2022

Speech dialects refer to linguistic and pronunciation variations in the speech of the same language. Automatic dialect classification requires considerable acoustic and linguistic differences between different dialect categories of speech. This paper proposes a classification model composed of a combination of classifiers for the Arabic dialects by utilizing both the acoustic and linguistic features of spontaneous speech. The acoustic classification comprises of an ensemble of classifiers focusing on different frequency ranges within the short-term spectral features, as well as a classifier utilizing the ‘i-vector’, whilst the linguistic classifiers use features extracted by transformer models pre-trained on large Arabic text datasets. It has been shown that the proposed fusion of multiple classifiers achieves a classification accuracy of 82.44% for the identification task of five Arabic dialects. This represents the highest accuracy reported on the dataset, despite the relative simplicity of the proposed model, and has shown its applicability and relevance for dialect identification tasks. 
Hybrid Forex prediction model using multiple regression, simulated annealing, reinforcement learning and technical analysis
Authors: Jamali Hana , Chihab Younes , García-Magariño Iván , Bencharef Omar
Published: December 2022

Foreign exchange market refers to the market in which currencies from around the world are traded. It allows investors to buy or sell a currency of their choice. Forex interests several categories of stakeholders, such as companies that carry out international contracts, large institutional investors, via the main banks, which carry out transactions on this market for speculative purposes. One of the most important aspects in the Forex market is knowing when to invest by buying, selling, and this through the recorded trend of a currency pair, but given the characteristics of the Forex market namely its chaotic, noisy and not stationary nature, prediction becomes a big challenge for traders when it comes to predicting accuracy. This paper aims to predict the right action to be taken at a certain moment through the development of a model that combines multiple techniques such multiple regression, simulated annealing meta-heuristics, reinforcement learning and technical indicators.
Facial expression recognition of masked faces using deep learning
Authors: Hdioud Boutaina , El Haj Tirari Mohammed
Published: December 2022

Facial expression recognition (FER) represents one of the most prevalent forms of interpersonal communication, which contains rich emotional information. But it became even more challenging during the times of COVID, where face masks became a mandatory protection measure, leading to the challenge of occluded lower-face during facial expression recognition. In this study, deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) represents the core of both our full-face FER system and our masked face FER model. The focus was on incorporating knowledge distillation in transfer learning between a teacher model, which is the full-face FER DCNN, and the student model, which is the masked face FER DCNN via the combination of both the loss from the teacher soft-labels vs the student soft labels and the loss from the dataset hard-labels vs the student hard-labels. The teacher-student architecture used FER2013 and a masked customized version of FER2013 as datasets to generate an accuracy of 69% and 61% respectively. Therefore, the study proves that the process of knowledge distillation may be used as a way for transfer learning and enhancing accuracy as a regular DCNN model (student only) would result in 46% accuracy compared to our approach (61% accuracy).
O demoníaco no romance Eduard Allwills Briefsammlung de Friedrich Jacobi
Authors: Lazzaretti Lucas
Published: December 2022

As contribuições literárias de Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi foram muito reduzidas às querelas filosóficas nas quais o autor participou. Contudo, Jacobi publicou dois importantes romances que, além da boa acolhida recebida em sua época, dialogaram fortemente com as tendências da época. O presente artigo visa analisar de que maneira o primeiro desses romances, Eduard Allwills Briefsammlung, pode servir como uma importante contribuição para a literaturamoderna e para o estabelecimento de tendências e estruturas posteriormente exploradas desde o romantismo até a literatura contemporânea. Segundo nossa análise, o romance de Jacobi é marcado por um forte traço de negatividade, sendo este elemento inserido através do personagem principal, Eduard Allwill. Ao emular gêneros como o romance epistolar ou o romance filosófico, Jacobi utiliza essa negatividade como uma chave que produz efeitos de suspensão e de subversão na constituição de um novo romance. Nossa análise busca demonstrar como essa negatividade é realizada através do conceito de demoníaco, herdado da filosofia e convertido em um dos principais componentes da literatura moderna.
O conceito de Espírito nos Ensaios Bíblicos de Herder
Authors: Oliveira Leonardo D'Avila de
Published: December 2022

Este estudo investiga alguns ensaios bíblicos de Johann Gottfried von Herder com o fim de pormenorizar o surgimento do conceito de “espírito” (Geist) em sua filosofia e de salientar como essa concepção simultaneamente se insere e redefine a tradição judaico-cristã sobre o tema. Para tanto, são analisados os textos Lieder der Liebe, Vom Geist der Ebräischen Poesie e Von der Gabe der Sprachen am ersten christlichen Pfingstfest a partir dos quais o espírito é pensado, ao longo de três décadas (entre 1778 a 1794), respectivamente como: poesia popular, vitalidade social, organicidade e cultura. É possível afirmar que os ensaios bíblicos de Herder ultrapassam a teologia, investigando, de maneira laica, as especificidades das religiões, das línguas, das tradições ou das culturas, cujas nuances podem esclarecer ou questionar dicotomias relevantes, tais como: natureza-cultura, cultura-civilização ou até mesmo humanidade-animalidade.
Protótipo didático demonstra o efeito da pressão intracraniana sobre a pressão de perfusão cerebral
Authors: Cassani Marcus Roberto Magalhães , Guilarducci Victor Toledo , Hohl Rodrigo , Mourão Júnior Carlos Alberto , Nagato Akinori Cardozo
Published: December 2022

A pressão de perfusão cerebral (PPC) resulta da diferença entre pressão arterial média e pressão intracraniana (PIC). A compreensão dos princípios biofísicos que explicam como a PIC influencia a PPC exigem abstração e podem ser explicados por analogia utilizando protótipos de baixo custo. Objetivo: Apresentar um protótipo didático desenvolvido com materiais recicláveis que mostre a influência da PIC sobre a PPC. Método: Foi construído um protótipo com uma garrafa PET de 200 ml, ultrapassada por 6cm de uma bola de látex (padrão 5:150cm), simulando, respectivamente, o crânio e um vaso cerebral. Uma seringa de 10ml foi conectada ao PET para reduzir o volume do sistema e elevar a pressão no seu interior. Um bulbo de látex, com válvula unidirecional, foi conectado à bola através de um equipo de duplo lúmen, no qual um dos ramos foi utilizado para direcionar fluxo de ar para a bola. Para demonstrar a variação de pressão no interior do PET (∆P1) e da bola de látex (∆P2) foram utilizados dois manômetros aneroides (M1 e M2, respectivamente) conectados com mangueiras de látex. Todas as conexões foram vedadas com silicone. Resultados: A compressão do êmbolo da seringa reduziu o volume do sistema e aumentou ∆P1 = 30mmHg, implicando colapso da bola, elevação da resistência à passagem do fluxo de ar (com um aumento de ∆P2 = 30mmHg em M2) quando o bulbo era pressionado. Uma maior sensação de esforço manual para comprimir o bulbo foi percebida com ∆P1 aumentado. O protótipo permitiu a analogia intuitiva garrafa PET /crânio e bola/ vaso sanguíneo, sendo possível perceber como a elevação da PIC altera a PPC. Conclusão: Protótipos com materiais de baixo custo são ferramentas intuitivas e de fácil acesso que podem ser utilizados para ilustrar didaticamente os fenômenos biofísicos fundamentais da PIC sobre a PPC em humanos.
Entrevista com Daniela Galdino: estética literária e fotográfica em diálogo – uma encruzilhada epistemológica
Authors: Galdino Daniela , Santos de Matos Elisiane
Published: December 2022

A encruzilhada epistemológica comparece como cerne da entrevista com a poeta/performer e docente da Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB) Daniela Galdino, que soma forças aos movimentos de re-existências ao mercado editorial brasileiro, criador de obstáculos à publicação e à circulação de obras literárias assinadas por escritoras e demais identidades dissidentes. A fim de combater os silenciamentos históricos, obras colaborativas, como a coletânea por ela organizada Profundanças - antologia híbrida – literária e fotográfica – promovem, a partir do diálogo entre diferentes estéticas, a guerrilha literária, de outro modo, dribla o mercado editorial brasileiro. No que toca à metodologia que orientou a condução da entrevista, essa compreende a escrita de perguntas e respostas e a disponibilização por troca de mensagens, via email, de modo a garantir uma amplitude de temas a serem tratados e uma gama de referências, construindo interlocuções profícuas, no intervalo de tempo justo.
Efeitos da acupuntura no tratamento da dor crônica associada à osteoartrite do quadril
Authors: Astini Rafael , Sanches Gabriel Barcelos , Santos Daisy de Souza , Riberto Marcelo
Published: December 2022

A osteoartrite (OA) do quadril implica em dor e perda da funcionalidade em pacientes que habitualmente estão em uma faixa etária mais avançada e podem apresentar diversas comorbidades impeditivas de procedimentos cirúrgicos de maior complexidade.
A terapia da onda de choque em úlcera diabética: um relato de caso
Authors: Santos Rafael Gonzalez dos , Kameoka Camila Rimoldi , Lucca Vinícius Imakawa de , Diniz Alex Luis Araújo , Santos Ana Paula Bertole Cirino dos , Caldas Carla Andrea Tanuri
Published: December 2022

As úlceras diabéticas vem sendo uma condição de alta morbidade e difícil manejo, muitas vezes associado a uma alimentação não balanceada e má adesão ao tratamento.
Perioperative Practices in Moyamoya Syndrome Revascularization: An International Transdisciplinary Survey
Authors: Eckert Melody , Bhakta Nilan , Cohen Scott A. , Babi Marc Alain , Elghareeb Mohammed , Gatica Sebastian , Pizzi Michael A. , Robicsek Steven A. , Robinson Christopher P. , Koch Matthew , Laurent Dimitri , Trippensee Arvin , Mohamed Basma , Busl Katharina M. , Maciel Carolina B.
Published: December 2022

Background

There are no evidence‐based resources guiding the perioperative management of patients with moyamoya syndrome who are undergoing revascularization surgery. We investigated practice patterns among a transdisciplinary group aiming at identifying possible heterogeneity of practices on key components of care that warrant prospective studies.

Methods

We disseminated a web‐based Qualtrics survey internationally to physician members of the following: Neurocritical Care Society, Society of Critical Care Medicine, American Academy of Neurology, Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Asian Society of Neuroanesthesia and Critical Care, Indian Society of Neuroanesthesia and Critical Care, Japanese Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care, and World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies. The survey contained questions on demographics and aspects of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care.

Results

Among the 175 physicians who managed at least 1 adult (aged ≥18 years) undergoing moyamoya revascularization in the preceding 24 months, 18 countries (United States, 84.6%) and 4 disciplines (anesthesiology [44.7%, 76/170], critical care medicine [30.6%, 52/170], neurology [32.4%, 55/170], and neurosurgery [15.3%, 26/170]) were represented. Anesthesiologists preferred total intravenous over volatile anesthesia (56.3%, 40/71 versus 42.3%, 30/71) and arterial line zeroing at the circle of Willis/tragus over the phlebostatic axis/right atrium intraoperatively (84.3%, 59/70 versus 11.4%, 8/70) and postoperatively (68.9%, 42/61 versus 24.6%, 15/61). Intraoperative blood pressure goals were primarily targeted to baseline blood pressure (34.8%, 48/138), whereas postoperative blood pressure goals were mainly determined by neurosurgeon preference (48.9%, 65/133). The predominant hemodynamic target was mean arterial pressure intraoperatively (50.4%, 68/135) and systolic blood pressure postoperatively (48.5%, 63/130). Crystalloid infusion was the preferred method to achieve perioperative hemodynamic goals (median rank, 1.0), followed by colloid infusion (median rank, 2.0) and phenylephrine (median rank, 2.0); however, colloid infusion and phenylephrine were considered contraindicated by 18.2% (10/55) and 20.0% (11/55), respectively.

Conclusions

We demonstrate perioperative practice heterogeneity for moyamoya syndrome revascularization among physicians for both methods and targets of hemodynamic management, constituting equipoise for prospective studies targeting optimal management strategies.
A new species of Olethreutes Hübner, 1822 (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Olethreutinae) from Korea
Authors: KIM JEONG-NAM , BAYARSAIKHAN ULZIIJARGAL , LEE TAK-GI , CHA YEONG-BIN , KIM HANUL , BYUN BONG-KYU , BAE YANG-SEOP
Published: December 2022

One new species of Olethreutes Hübner, 1822 species, O. oculata Kim, Byun & Bae, sp. nov., is described, and two related species, O. captiosana (Falkovitsh, 1960) and O. subtilana (Falkovitsh, 1959), are redescribed from Korea. Color figures of adults and images of genitalia are provided. [Zoobank registrations: Olethreutes oculata Kim, Byun & Bae, new species: LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:814E618C-C13D-4FAC-A669-C3AD8673227F].
pH-Controlled bio-reduction of indigo with S. cerevisiae whole-cell biotransformation
Authors: Cheng Meilin , Gong Jixian , Li Zheng , Li Qiujin , Fang Kuanjun , Zhang Chunchun , Li Huiqin , Zhang Jianfei , Liu Ruining
Published: December 2022

Indigo is one of the most widely used dyes in history, but its application is currently greatly limited due to the lack of clean and efficient reduction methods. Aimed at the long-term consumption of traditional bio-reduction of indigo and the ecological problems existing in the application of chemical reducing agents, a high-efficiency indigo dyeing method based on pH-controlled bio-reduction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae under an aerobic environment at normal temperature was constructed. The results showed that the reduction ability of the bio-reduction system and its effect on dye reduction was closely related to the growth and metabolism of cells and the pH of the system. It is worth noting that a suitable alkaline environment is a key to improving the reduction capacity and shortening the reduction time. Under the dyeing pH condition of 10, the K/S of the fabric could reach 6.2 and exhibited the greatest color strength with good fastness after dyeing for 4 days. A pH-controlled bio-reduction strategy with whole-cell biotransformation was designed to construct an indigo green dyeing system with high efficiency and less environmental pollution.
Technologies as Tools to Increase Active Learning During Online Higher-Education Instruction
Authors: Barbetta Patricia M.
Published: December 2022

Higher education (HE) faculty are increasingly teaching online. For many faculty, this represents a new instructional mode that comes with its own set of challenges but also with new instructional possibilities. One challenge is identifying innovative and effective active learning methods that academically engage online students. Along with other benefits, students learn more with instruction that includes active learning opportunities rather than simply passively attending, whether learning face-to-face or online. Fortunately, HE faculty have at their disposal numerous technology tools to increase active learning in their synchronous, asynchronous, and hybrid online courses. This technology presents several active learning technologies organized under these online instructional methods: content presentations, game-based and gamification activities, peer collaboration, and multimedia. Mostly, the technologies reviewed are free or relatively low-cost and easy to use, with some available within typical HE learning management systems.
When a dying patient is asked to participate in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial on symptom control: The decision-making process and experiences of relatives
Authors: van Esch Harriëtte J , Stoppelenburg Arianne , van Zuylen Lia , van der Rijt Carin CD , van der Heide Agnes
Published: December 2022

Background:

Placebo-controlled trials can provide evidence to inform end-of-life care, but it is contested whether asking dying patients to participate in such trials is morally justifiable. To investigate the experiences of these patients is even more complex. Therefore, proxy assessments by relatives can be a good alternative.

Aim:

To explore the experience of participating in a placebo-controlled trial at the end of life from the perspective of bereaved relatives.

Design:

Mixed-method study, including questionnaires and interviews.

Setting/participants:

The SILENCE study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on the efficacy of scopolamine butylbromide to prevent death rattle. The study was performed in six inpatient hospice facilities. Patients were asked to participate at admission in the hospice. Three months after the death of the patient, bereaved relatives were invited to fill in a questionnaire and to participate in an interview. One hundred four questionnaires were completed and 17 relatives were interviewed.

Results:

Fourteen percent of the relatives participating in the questionnaire study considered the participation of their loved one in research a bit burdensome and 10% considered it a bit stressful. Seventeen percent thought that it was a bit burdensome for the patient. Eighty-three percent considered participation in this type of research (very) valuable. The in-depth interviews showed that patients and relatives jointly decided about participation in this double-blind placebo-controlled medication trial. Relatives generally respected and felt proud about patients’ decision to participate.

Conclusion:

The large majority of bereaved relatives experienced the participation of their dying love one in this RCT as acceptable and valuable.
Occupational Therapy Interventions for the Improvement of the Quality of Life of Healthy Older Adults Living in Nursing Homes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Portillo Cristian Uceda , Calvo Arenillas José Ignacio , Miralles Pedro Moruno
Published: December 2022

Objective

To evaluate current scientific evidence on the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions for the improvement of the quality of life of healthy adults over 65 years old living in nursing homes.

Data source

PubMed, Web of Science, Dialnet, Scopus, Cochrane, Cinahl and SciELO databases searched between 2012 and 2022.

Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria

a) Studies involving occupational therapy interventions in residential settings (nursing homes or community residential settings), b) Studies conducted on a population of healthy adults over 65 years old, c) Studies with a level of evidence 1a-1b to 3a-3b, d) Studies containing the MeSH descriptors in the keyword list.

Data Extraction

For each study included in the review, key information was collected and entered into a data extraction form based on Cochrane recommendations, using Microsoft Excel v.16.16.21 software.

Data Synthesis

Descriptive summary of study characteristics and summarized methodological quality of the studies.

Results

Six of the articles met the inclusion criteria and were categorised into “promotion of active ageing” and “meaningful activities and quality of life”. Overall, the strength of evidence was moderate, and the risk of bias was low.

Conclusion

Occupational therapy intervention programmes structured around the opportunity to choose meaningful activities can improve the perceived quality of life of healthy older adults living in nursing homes.
Comparative study on low velocity impact behavior of natural hybrid and non hybrid flexible thermoplastic based composites
Authors: Kumbhare Kartik S , Mahesh Vishwas , Joladarashi Sharnappa , Kulkarni Satyabodh M
Published: December 2022

The current study attempts to evaluate the low-velocity impact (LVI) behavior of jute and banana fiber-based hybrid and non hybrid green composites. The proposed composites are fabricated using compression moulding method with variety of positioning of layers namely jute-rubber-jute-rubber-jute (JRJRJ), banana-rubber-banana-rubber-banana (BRBRB), jute-rubber-banana-rubber-jute (JRBRJ) and banana-rubber-jute-rubber-banana (BRJRB). Thus developed composites are subjected to LVI testing using conical and hemispherical shaped impactor in drop weight impact testing machine and different impact velocities of 5 m/s, 10 m/s and 15 m/s. Based on the ability of the proposed composites to absorb energy, coefficient of restitution (CoR), energy loss percentage (ELP), and failure behaviour, the suggested flexible composites’ performances are assessed. The study reveals that JRJRJ composite exhibits better energy absorption capability and BRBRB exhibits least energy absorption capability compared to its counterparts. The damage study reveals that hemispherical impactor leads to more damage area due to its larger contact area whereas, conical impactor results in local penetration. Results reveals that inclusion of jute fiber as reinforcement results in better LVI properties compared to banana fiber. It is also clear that the presence of a compliant matrix improves energy absorption and damage resistance in flexible composites.
A hybrid WFS-CGO based approach for optimal allocation of EV charging spots along with capacitors in smart distribution network for congestion management
Authors: Vijayalakshmi VJ , Amudha A , Dhayalini K , Prakash A
Published: December 2022

In this document, a new methodology for the optimal allocation of capacitor electric vehicle (EV) charging points on smart grid systems is introduced. To realize a better balance between exploring and exploiting Wing suit Flying Search (WFS), the Chaos Game Optimization (CGO) algorithm is used on WFS performance. Thus, it is named the WFS-CGO approach. Here, along with reactive compensation, allocation of parking and capacitors is presented for congestion management. The proposed approach is used to limit the amount of parking space. The performance of the proposed system is tested on a IEEE 34 bus distribution network. The outcome obtained by the QGDA system is compared to existing procedures like PSO, ALO, ACSO, WFSA, and WFS2ACSO techniques. Under cases 1, 2, and 3, after EV loss, the proposed technique achieves 216.3397, 232.9558, and 265.0174. Additionally, the proposed outcomes portray that an uneven EV charging scenario may cause an important voltage imbalance that goes beyond their allowable limit of 2%.
Urine Galectin-3 binding protein reflects nephritis activity in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Faustini Francesca , Idborg Helena , Fuzzi Enrico , Larsson Anders , Lie Wen-Rong , Pötzsch Sven , Okitsu Shinji L , Svenungsson Elisabet , Gunnarsson Iva
Published: December 2022

Background

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a major and severe organ involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), whose diagnosis and treatment necessitate to perform kidney biopsy, which is an invasive procedure. Non-invasive urine biomarkers are an active area of investigation to support LN diagnosis and management.

Objective

To investigate the role of urinary galectin-3 binding protein (u-Gal-3BP) as a candidate biomarker of renal disease in biopsy proven LN.

Patients and methods

Levels of u-Gal-3BP were investigated in a cross-sectional fashion by ELISA in 270 subjects: 86 LN patients, 63 active SLE patients with no kidney involvement, 73 SLE patients with inactive disease and 48 age and sex-matched population-based controls (PBC). Moreover, urine samples were analysed separately by ELISA for additional markers of kidney pathology: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), osteopontin (OPN), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and galectin-3 (Gal-3). The concentrations of all studied molecules were normalized to urine creatinine levels. In 10 patients, post-treatment levels of the biomarkers were measured.

Results

Normalized u-Gal-3BP levels were higher in LN patients compared to the other groups ( p < .0001). Comparing different LN classes, u-Gal-3BP levels were higher among patients with proliferative (class III/IV) and membranous (class V) as compared to mesangial (class II) forms ( p = .04). In proliferative forms, u-Gal-3BP levels correlated with the activity index in renal biopsies (r = 0.42, p = .004). Moreover, in a subset of 10 patients with repeated kidney biopsy and urine sampling before and after induction treatment, a significant decrease of u-Gal-3BP was observed ( p = .03) . Among the other markers, KIM-1 was also able to discriminate LN from the other groups, while NGAL, OPN and Gal-3 could not in this cohort.

Conclusion

Given its ability to discriminate LN patients from active non-renal and inactive SLE patients, the observed correlation with the activity index in renal biopsies, and its levels declining following treatment, u-Gal-3BP shows promise as a non-invasive urinary biomarker to help detecting and to monitor renal involvement in SLE patients and should be validated in larger cohorts.
Nationwide partial knee replacement uptake is influenced by volume and supplier––A Dutch arthroplasty register study
Authors: Koenraadt-van Oost Iris , Koenraadt Koen LM , Hoorntje Alexander , van Steenbergen Liza N , Bolder Stefan BT , van Geenen Rutger CI
Published: December 2022

Background

Despite the established advantages of partial knee replacements (PKR), their usage remains limited. We investigated the effect of hospital knee arthroplasty (KA) volume and the availability of a frequently used PKR by the total KA supplier on the use of PKRs in a hospital.

Methods

A total of 190,204 total knee replacements (TKR) and 18,134 PKRs were identified in the Dutch Arthroplasty Register (LROI) from 2007 to 2016. For each hospital we determined the annual absolute KA volume (TKR+PKR) into quartiles (<103, 103–197, 197–292, >292 knee replacements/year), and determined whether the TKR supplier provided a frequently used PKR. Hospitals were divided in routine PKR users (≥13 PKRs/year) or occasional/non PKR users (<13 PKRs/year). Based on these parameters, the effect of total KA volume and supplier on PKR usage was investigated, using chi-square tests. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of the combination of these factors.

Results

In the lowest volume group, around 15% of the hospitals used PKRs, compared to 75% in the highest volume group. Having a TKR supplier that also provides a frequently used PKR resulted in a higher likelihood of performing PKR, especially in low volume hospitals.

Conclusions

Hospitals’ total KA volume and the availability of a frequently used PKR appear to influence the use of PKR.
Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP)-Negative Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach and its Associated Uncommon Features With a Review
Authors: Rajasekaran Pavithra , Pattnaik Bramhadatta , Mishra Monica , Shahin Mohammed , Mishra Pritinanda , Ayyanar Pavithra
Published: December 2022

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach is a rare histologic subtype of gastric carcinoma. Morphologically, it shows hepatocyte-like features and the tumor cells can show the expression of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the tumor cells as well as in serum. There are a few AFP-negative hepatoid adenocarcinoma tumors that have been reported in the literature. A 45-year-old male patient presented with abdominal pain. Endoscopy and radiological studies showed an ulceronodular thickening in the antropyloric thickening with lymphadenopathy. He underwent radical subtotal gastrectomy with lymph node dissection. Microscopic examination showed adenocarcinoma with hepatocytic morphology, the presence of lymphovascular and perineural invasion, prominent peritumoral lymphocytic infiltration, multiple metastatic tumor deposit involving regional lymoh nodes and omentum. Adjacent gastric mucosa showed Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia. On immunohistochemistry (IHC), tumor cells were immunopositive for keratin 7, CDX2, and HepPar-1, p53 (focal), and MUC5AC (focal) while immunonegative for AFP, SALL4, MUC2, CD10, and HER2 (ERBB2) was negative. We report this AFP-negative hepatoid adenocarcinoma with its associated uncommon features and discussed the literature review and diagnostic approach.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of the Prothrombin Time/International Normalized Ratio in Sepsis and Septic Shock
Authors: Schupp Tobias , Weidner Kathrin , Rusnak Jonas , Jawhar Schanas , Forner Jan , Dulatahu Floriana , Brück Lea Marie , Hoffmann Ursula , Bertsch Thomas , Müller Julian , Weiß Christel , Akin Ibrahim , Behnes Michael
Published: December 2022

Objective

The study investigates the diagnostic and prognostic significance of the prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) in patients with sepsis and septic shock.

Background

Sepsis may be complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). While the status of coagulopathy of septic patients is represented within the sepsis-3 definition by assessing the platelet count, less data regarding the prognostic impact of the PT/INR in patients admitted with sepsis and septic shock is available.

Methods

Consecutive patients with sepsis and septic shock from 2019 to 2021 were included. Blood samples were retrieved from day of disease onset (ie, day 0), as well as on day 1, 2, 4, 6 and 9 thereafter. Firstly, the diagnostic value of the PT/INR in comparison to the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was tested for septic shock compared to sepsis without shock. Secondly, the prognostic value of the PT/INR for 30-day all-cause mortality was tested. Statistical analyses included univariable t-tests, Spearman's correlations, C-statistics, Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox proportional regression analyses.

Results

338 patients were included (56% sepsis without shock, 44% septic shock). The overall rate of all-cause mortality at 30 days was 52%. With an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.682 ( p= .001) on day 0, the PT/INR revealed moderate discrimination of septic shock and sepsis without shock. Furthermore, PT/ INR was able to discriminate non-survivors and survivors at 30 days (AUC = 0.612; p = .001). Patients with a PT/INR >1.5 had higher rates of 30-day all-cause mortality than patients with lower values (mortality rate 73% vs 48%; log rank p = .001; HR = 2.129; 95% CI 1.494-3.033; p = .001), even after multivariable adjustment (HR = 1.793; 95% CI 1.343-2.392; p = .001). Increased risk of 30-day all-cause mortality was observed irrespective of concomitant thrombocytopenia.

Conclusion

The PT/INR revealed moderate diagnostic accuracy for septic shock but was associated with reliable prognostic accuracy with regard to 30-day all-cause mortality in patients admitted with sepsis and septic shock.
Cognitive and behavioral predictors of procrastination behavior in adolescents at a mental health clinic in Turkey
Authors: Gundogdu Ummugulsum
Published: December 2022

Objective

Procrastination behavior (PB) negatively impacts individuals’ daily lives. Based on existing evidence that states executive function (EF) problems and internalizing symptoms (IS) are related to PB, this study examined IS, EF problems, and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms in adolescents, and their relationships with PB and gender.

Methods

The sample consisted of 78 adolescents (56.4% female) aged 12–18 years. Participants and their families completed the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED), Barkley Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale-Children and Adolescent (BSCTS-CA), General and Academic Procrastination Scales, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF), and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).

Results

The scores for academic PB were significantly positively associated with the CDI, SCARED, subscales comprising the metacognitive index of the BRIEF, and all four subscales of the SDQ but not with SCT. General and academic PB yielded similar results except for the conduct problems. Academic PB and EF problems were more prevalent in males. Lack of organizational skills, a part of EF; IS; and attention problems were associated with academic and general PB in girls and boys.

Conclusion

Adolescents who have difficulty organizing their work and attention problems may have higher PB.
The gendered nature of Muslim and Christian stereotypes in the United States
Authors: Erentzen Caroline A. , Bergstrom Veronica N. Z. , Zeng Norman , Chasteen Alison L.
Published: December 2022

Despite the increasing diversity of religious affiliations in the United States, little research has explored the nature and structure of religious stereotypes of Muslims in America. The present research explores the gendered dimensions of stereotypes of both Muslims and Christians, using a multimethod approach. In Study 1, participants engaged in visual representations of intersectional and superordinate identities using Venn diagrams and slider tasks. Study 2 elicited open trait listings for religious, gender, and intersectional groups, with the most common traits reported for each group. In a conceptual replication, Study 3 asked participants to rate each group for the applicability of the most common traits identified in Study 2. Across the three studies, we found clear and consistent support for intersectionality effects. Unique stereotypic traits were identified for each intersectional group that were not present in either religious or gender superordinate identity. Stereotypes of Christians as a superordinate group contained a balanced representation of Christian men and Christian women traits. In contrast, Muslim stereotypes were strongly influenced by androcentric assumptions, with approximately 80% of the traits ascribed to Muslims overlapping with those of Muslim men. In addition, Muslim women were rated as significantly different from both Muslims and Muslim men on all trait evaluations. This was not observed with Christians, who showed little differentiation by gender. This research provides a rare systematic analysis of the gendered nature of religious stereotypes of Christians and Muslims and contributes to the developing literature on intersectionality and prototypicality.
Parental Income and the Sexual Behavior of Their Adult Children: A Trivers–Willard Perspective
Authors: Manning John T. , Fink Bernhard , Trivers Robert
Published: December 2022

Parental income is negatively and linearly related to the digit ratio (2D:4D; a proxy for prenatal sex steroids) of their children. Children of parents with high income are thought to be exposed to higher prenatal testosterone and develop lower 2D:4D. It is further hypothesized that 2D:4D relates to sexual orientation, although it is unclear whether the association is linear or curvilinear. Here, we consider patterns of parental income and its association with the sexual behavior of their adult children in a large online study (the BBC internet study). There were curvilinear relationships with parental income in male and female children. The highest frequencies of homosexuality and bisexuality were found in the lowest income group (bottom 25% of the population), the lowest frequencies in the income group representing the upper 50% of the population, and intermediate values in the other groups (low 50% and top 25% of the population). Parental income showed a U-shaped association with scores for same-sex attraction and an inverted U-shaped association with opposite-sex attraction. Thus, for the first time, we show that same-sex attraction is related to parental income. The curvilinear relationship between parental income and sexual behavior in their adult children may result from an association between very high fetal estrogen or testosterone and attraction to partners of the same sex. Among non-heterosexuals, and in both sexes, very high fetal estrogen may be associated with femme or submissive sexual roles, and very high fetal testosterone with butch and assertive sexual roles.
On solid grounds: Dynamic emplacement and category construction in US specialty coffee, 1974–2016
Authors: Tunarosa Andrea
Published: December 2022

Understanding how the construction of a market category occurs is contingent upon a consideration of where it occurs. Yet extant research mostly depicts place as the backdrop against which market actors cognitively formulate claims about the meaning of a category. Drawing on an inductive historical study of over four decades of the US specialty coffee category, I induce an empirically grounded model of category construction through dynamic emplacement: actors’ ongoing efforts to ground category meanings in particular places and places’ ongoing heightening of the category’s credibility. This model reorients research away from an exclusive focus on socio-cognitive explanations that highlight claim-making and claim-evaluation as the drivers of category construction and, instead, recognizes that categories are also experienced and transformed materially. Dynamic emplacement unfolds as (1) actors anchor category meanings, shift material forms, and transpose the category to new meaning systems, and (2) places, as bundles of location, material forms, and meanings, become truth-spots—sites in which experiences of the category render “what ought to be” and, thus, what is central to the category. The study suggests that dynamic emplacement helps to address construction challenges, enabling the category to develop without losing its bearings.