bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate Apology and Forgiveness
Authors: Fredericks Sarah E. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2019

Christian ethicists rarely study apology or forgiveness about climate change, possibly because it is just another sin that God may forgive. Yet apology between humans may be critical to avoiding paralysis after people realize the horror of their actions and enabling cooperative responses to climate change among its perpetrators and victims. Climate change challenges traditional ideas and practices of apology because it involves unintentional, ongoing acts of diffuse collectives that harm other diffuse collectives across space and time. Developing concepts of collective agency and responsibility enable a reconceptualization of apology for an era of climate change. While more work is needed to understand and implement such ideas, this paper lays the groundwork for future studies of collective apology and forgiveness by identifying general features of climate apologies including their symbolic dimensions and connection to ongoing changed actions.
An evaluation of tick and Lyme disease information on health unit websites in Ontario
Authors: Irving Kaitlyn , Galway Lindsay
Published: April 2019

Climate change has allowed for the expansion and intensification of blacklegged ticks; the vector of Lyme disease. Projections estimate that by the year 2049 all health units in Ontario will have suitable environmental conditions for the establishment of this vector. A review of website content from health units in Ontario was performed to assess the quality of tick and Lyme disease information provided to the public and health care providers. Websites were evaluated based on criteria such as the provision of Lyme disease information (i.e., transmission, symptoms, treatment, etc.), the inclusion of misleading or incorrect information, and visuals provided. The quality of textual and visual information varied substantially across the 35 health units analyzed. Eleven health units were found to provide misleading or incorrect information. Disparities were found between areas with current Lyme disease risk and those without. The majority of health units did not include satisfactory visual content pertaining to ticks. Given the expected expansion and intensification of blacklegged tick populations across the province, all health units must ensure the information communicated to the public about ticks and Lyme disease is of high-quality and consistent. We conclude with specific recommendations to improve the textual and visual content of websites.
Regeneration of nonfunctional Macronet MN 200 loaded with metal complex dye using alcohols in batch and column experiments
Authors: Kaušpėdienė Danutė , Gefenienė Audronė , Ragauskas Romas , Binkienė Rima
Published: April 2019

The conditions for reuse of the Macronet MN 200 by removing the metal complex dye Lanasyn Navy M-DNL (LnCr) from water solutions have been investigated. The Macronet MN 200 loaded with the LnCr dye has been regenerated using alcohols (methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol) in batch and column experiments. The FTIR spectrum of the Macronet MN 200 loaded with the LnCr dye confirmed physical interactions between the LnCr anion and Macronet MN 200 involving π–π and electrostatic bonds. In the batch experiments the desorption efficiency of LnCr dye depends on the solid/liquid ratio (S/L, g/mL), molecular mass of alcohol and duration of desorption. The LnCr dye has been desorbed most efficiently after 10 min at S/L = 0.033, while the desorption efficiency decreases with the increase of alcohol molecular weight: methanol > ethanol > 2-propanol. The rates of desorption were quantified using second-order (k2), pore diffusion (D/r2) and intraparticle diffusion (ki) models. The column test results showed that the regeneration efficiency of MN 200 loaded with the LnCr dye (Re) using methanol with repeated adsorption/desorption cycles decreased but seems to be stabilized to 70% after 3 cycles. A very high LnCr dye concentration in methanol (about 4 g/L) has been obtained within the first 2 alcohol bed volumes and the LnCr dye has been completely desorbed back to the solution with 10 alcohol bed volumes.
Philosophy of Economics: The Constructivist and Scientific Realist Interpretation of Macroeconomics
Authors: Scheuer Bartosz , Maziarz Mariusz
Published: April 2019

The contemporary methodological debate focuses on studying the relation between models and reality regarding idealization and resemblance. Limited attention is put on the process of model building. The study focuses its attention on the latter. The purpose of this article is twofold. First, we reconstruct the philosophical presuppositions of the participants of a cliometric debate. Second, we employ the Fleckian constructivist philosophy with the aim of offering an account of how econometric facts are constructed. Contrary to our reconstruction of the process of ‘observing’ macroeconomic phenomena, econometricians ground their viewpoint in the scientific-realist and neopositivist philosophies of science.
Young People, Precarity and Global Grammars of Enterprise: Some Preliminary Provocations
Authors: Carbajo Padilla Diego , Kelly Peter
Published: April 2019

At a time in which labour markets are becoming increasingly globalised and precarisation processes are altering young people’s working and living conditions, a whole network of public and private agencies are developing different entrepreneurship programmes as the main mechanism to deal with youth exclusion and unemployment. Grounded in two on-going research projects conducted in Europe and Australia, this article proposes a preliminary, thought-provoking engagement with the concept of global grammars of enterprise to examine how the truth regimes are framed and articulated in these networks. We argue that this concept enables us to identify, examine and analyse the shifting, unstable, but always strategic power relations between the governmental discourses on entrepreneurship and the enterprising behaviour and dispositions of persons and groups, and the particular «declensions» and local «translations» of the ideas of entrepreneurship that organisations and young people perform within a process of globalised precarisation.Al albur de la globalización de los mercados laborales, al mismo tiempo que ciertos procesos de precarización están alterando profundamente las condiciones de vida y de trabajo de las personas jóvenes, se despliega toda una red de agentes públicos y privados que buscan fomentar el emprendimiento como principal mecanismo para enfrentar la exclusión y el paro juvenil. Fundamentado en dos proyectos de investigación en curso en Europa y Australia, el artículo se involucra preliminar y provocativamente con el concepto analítico de gramáticas globales del emprendimiento para analizar cómo se enmarcan y articulan los regímenes de verdad de estas redes. Argumentamos que este constructo posibilita abordar las inestables y estratégicas relaciones de poder entre los discursos gubernamentales del emprendimiento y las disposiciones y los comportamientos; las declinaciones particulares y las «traducciones» locales que la juventud y algunas organizaciones afines realizan de ellos en el marco de un proceso de precarización globalizado.
Gestión humana socialmente responsable en cooperativas de trabajo asociado colombianas
Authors: Bustamante Salazar Alina Marcela
Published: April 2019

En los últimos años ha habido un creciente interés en estudiar la relación entre la responsabilidad social y la gestión humana dando origen a la gestión humana socialmente responsable. El objetivo de esta investigación es conceptualizar la gestión humana socialmente responsable en el contexto de las cooperativas de trabajo asociado colombianas, desde una perspectiva que integra el enfoque de las capacidades de Amartya Sen y los principios cooperativos, para comprender cómo las prácticas de gestión humana desarrollan diferentes capacidades de los asociados. Para lograr este propósito se realizó una investigación de enfoque cualitativo, basado en el estudio de casos múltiple y la teoría fundamentada. A partir de los resultados de la investigación, la gestión humana socialmente responsable en las cooperativas de trabajo asociado se define como un conjunto de prácticas, fundamentadas en los principios cooperativos, que están orientadas a desarrollar las capacidades de agencia, de bienestar y de solidaridad de los asociados, a través de la información, la formación, la participación, las condiciones de trabajo, la salud y la seguridad laboral, la igualdad de oportunidades y el balance trabajo-familia, para empoderarlos como trabajadores, propietarios y gestores de la cooperativa; proporcionando oportunidades laborales, económicas y sociales que contribuyan a su bienestar y les permita ser y hacer lo que consideran valioso para sus vidas; y de proyección a la comunidad a través de la información y la formación. Para lograr este propósito es necesario tener en cuenta las condiciones personales, organizacionales y del entorno externo que afectan estas prácticas, el cumplimiento de los principios cooperativos y el desarrollo de las capacidades de los asociados.
Mejorando el bienestar de la sociedad a través del cooperativismo de plataforma
Authors: Falcón Pérez Carmen Esther , Fuentes Perdomo Juana
Published: April 2019

Una característica diferenciadora de la economía colaborativa es el uso de las nuevas tecnologías por diferentes agentes que persiguen un objetivo común. Esta revolución digital plantea un reto a las organizaciones de la economía social.El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cómo el cooperativismo de plataforma puede ser una vía adecuada para llevar a cabo la mejora del bienestar social en barrios vulnerables. Con el fin de promover la renovación y mejora de los barrios es necesario una participación activa de los ciudadanos y de la administración pública; de hecho, uno de los elementos claves en la obtención de la mejora de la calidad de vida es la implicación de los residentes que, en muchas ocasiones, son los que proponen los cambios y la renovación en sus barrios con deficiencias importantes de habitabilidad y consumo energético, problemas de accesibilidad y carencia de servicios. Hace falta, pues, recuperar la ciudad consolidada a través de la rehabilitación y regeneración urbana. El cooperativismo de plataforma puede facilitar la participación pública de los distintos actores intervinientes en los procesos de rehabilitación urbana como residentes (a título individual o asociados), administraciones públicas, cooperativas y otros usuarios, promoviendo que se involucren de manera activa en el diseño y seguimiento de los proyectos de regeneración urbana, a través del uso de la plataforma digital.El cooperativismo de plataforma puede ser el nexo de unión entre los valores cooperativos y la revolución digital encaminados a promover la mejora del bienestar de la sociedad.
¿Cómo percibe la banca cooperativa el impacto de la transformación digital?
Authors: Fernández Torres Yakira , Gutiérrez Fernández Milagros , Palomo Zurdo Ricardo
Published: April 2019

El sector financiero en general, y el bancario en particular, se han caracterizado habitualmente por ser innovadores en la incorporación de la tecnología a sus procesos y servicios. Sin embargo, por primera vez en su historia, la tecnología está originando modos de desintermediación financiera y de capacidad de aportación de servicios que nacen en empresas tecnológicas y no en entidades financieras. La disrupción de las pequeñas empresas fintech; así como la innovación en servicios financieros ofrecidos por los gigantes tecnológicos, parecen amenazar el modelo de negocio tradicional de la banca. En este contexto, la banca cooperativa no es ajena a este fenómeno y vive su propia transformación digital, tanto por la demanda de sus socios y clientes, como por la necesidad de competir frente a esos nuevos actores financieros. Su tradicional arraigo territorial y el conocimiento más personalizado de sus socios y clientes deben hacerse ahora compatibles con los planteamientos de una nueva sociedad digital. Por ello, en este trabajo se ha analizado cuál es la percepción de las cooperativas de crédito españolas sobre la transformación digital, lo que ha arrojado interesantes resultados como: la reconocida necesidad de mejorar en la digitalización de sus procesos internos y externos; su percepción sobre la amenaza proveniente de las grandes empresas tecnológicas; las diferencias en lo que respecta a la digitalización de los socios y usuarios cuando cambia la dimensión de las entidades; así como su papel en la educación financierodigital de su base societaria y de usuarios.
¿Es la tecnología blockchain compatible con la Economía Social y Solidaria? Hacia un nuevo paradigma
Authors: Corrons Giménez August , Gil Ibáñez Marta
Published: April 2019

La significativa evolución que las tecnologías de la información han experimentado en los últimos años ha afectado a todos los sectores, incluido el de la Economía Social y Solidaria. El desarrollo emergente de la tecnología blockchain y sus posibilidades para modificar las formas de colaboración solidaria de la ciudadanía, presentan un reto actual y un cambio de paradigma para el Tercer Sector. El objeto del presente artículo es analizar las posibilidades existentes de que ambos ámbitos compartan valores, principios y objetivos. Para ello, en primer lugar y como punto de referencia, se presentan los conceptos de Economía Social y Solidaria y de blockchain. A continuación, se presentan las compatibilidades de ambos ámbitos y se relacionan sus componentes. Por último, el artículo finaliza con un apartado de conclusiones y futuras líneas de investigación.
Uzay Ve Havacılık Alaşımlarının Elektriksel Erozyonla Delinmesi İşleminde Yüzey Bütünlüğünün İncelenmesi
Authors: EKİCİ Merve , ABASI Tohid , YILMAZ Oguzhan
Published: April 2019

Elektro Erozyon ile İşleme
(EEİ),iş parçasının ergitilmesi ve elektrot malzemesinin buharlaştırılmasına
dayanan geleneksel olmayan işleme yöntemlerinden biridir. Bu çalışmada, havacılık
uzay endüstrisinde sıklıkla kullanılan Deneylerde Ti-6Al-4V ve Inconel 718
alaşımları, elektrot malzemesi olarak bakır ve pirinç kullanılarak EEİ ile
delinmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Ti-6Al-4V ve Inconel 718 alaşımları üzerinde
EEİ ile delinen deliklerin yüzey bütünlüğünü incelemektir. Bu amaç
doğrultusunda elektriksel erozyonla işleme yöntemi kullanılarak, alaşımlar
üzerinde delik delme operasyonları gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen delik
yüzeylerinin yüzey bütünlükleri incelenmiştir.. Deliklerin giriş ve çıkış
çapları ve delik yüzeylerinde oluşan ergimiş-katılaşmış tabaka kalınlığı
ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca delik yüzeylerindeki mikro yapı analizleri SEM görüntüleri
ve EDS dataları yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan deneylerden elde edilen
sonuçlara göre küçük elektrot çaplarında daha fazla çap büyümesi olduğu
görülmüştür. Bakır yerine pirinç elektrot kullanıldığında çap büyümesinin
azaldığı gözlemlenmiştir. Elektrot malzemesi olarak pirinç kullanıldığında her
iki alaşım üzerinde delinen delik yüzeylerinde de ergimiş katılaşmış tabaka
kalınlığının arttığı görülmüştür. Ti-6Al-4V alaşımının hem bakır hem de pirinç elektrot ile delinmesi
sonucunda, Inconel 718 alaşımında elde edilen yüzeylere kıyasla daha fazla
yüzey çatlakları görülmüştür. Her iki elektrot tipi için Inconel 718 alaşımında
elde edilen yüzey pürüzlülüğü Ti-6Al-4V alaşımına göre
daha iyidir. Ti-6Al-4V
alaşımının EEİ işleminde bakır yerine pirinç elektrot kullanıldığında daha kaba
delik yüzeyi elde edilmiştir.
Perceptions of Nursing Professionals with Regards to the Suffering and its Coping Strategies in Oncology / Percepções dos Profissionais da Enfermagem a Respeito do Sofrimento e das Estratégias de Enfrentamento na Oncologia
Authors: Bubolz Betania Kohler , Barboza Michele Cristiene Nachtigall , Amaral Débora Eduarda Duarte , Viegas Aline Costa , Bernardes Lidiane Souza , Muniz Rosani Manfrin
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: Conhecer quais as situações que causam prazer e sofrimento no trabalho dos profissionais de enfermagem em setores oncológicos. Método: Estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado em dois setores oncológicos de um Hospital Escola do sul. Resultados: Foram identificadas duas categorias: Sofrimento na visão dos profissionais de enfermagem em setores oncológicos, mostra que esse sentimento é desenvolvido na maioria das vezes quando o paciente está no seu processo de morte, e Estratégias que os profissionais de enfermagem utilizam para enfrentar o sofrimento no trabalho em setores oncológicos, onde identificou-se que o distanciamento entre os profissionais da enfermagem e os pacientes pode ser um dos mecanismos de defesa para minimizar o sofrimento gerado. Conclusão: O profissional de enfermagem esta rodeado tanto de sentimento de prazer no setor oncológico, quanto de sofrimento relacionado preponderantemente pela morte do paciente.
The Theoretical-Methodological Conceptions of Jonh Thompson: Production Analysis and Its Contribution for the Nursing Research Field / Concepções Teórico-Metodológicas de Jonh Thompson: Análise de Produções e Contribuição para a Pesquisa em Enfermagem
Authors: Menezes Harlon França de , Silva Priscila Cristina Pereira de Oliveira da , Cardoso Maria Manuela Vila Nova , Rosas Ann Mary Machado Tinoco Feitosa , Souza Emilia Jales Simões de
Published: April 2019

Objetivos: Identificar produções acadêmicas, nos programas stricto sensu de enfermagem, onde se adota referencial de Thompson e discutir concepções teórico-metodológicas e contribuição de Thompson para o conhecimento e prática da Enfermagem. Método: Estudo descritivo-documental, reflexivo, cuja análise constituiu-se por resumos de teses/dissertações por enfermeiros no Brasil, relacionadas às concepções teórico-metodológicas de Thompson. Resultados: Identificou-se 17 produções, 07 teses de doutorado (41,17%), 10 dissertações de mestrado acadêmico (58,83%), com destaque para a Escola de Enfermagem Anna Nery da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Conclusão: Estudos de enfermagem permeados pela sociologia ampliam a visão de que uma técnica, uma estratégia educativa, uma tecnologia emergem em razão do cenário social, das necessidades permeadas por valores e da dinâmica existente entre ciência e sociedade. Acredita-se ser importante para o cenário cientifico e investigativo de enfermagem, compreender as modificações inerentes ao cuidar, advindas de um produto crítico-reflexivo social, que pode ser contemplado por adotarmos como norteador de análise, teóricos imersos no viés da sociologia.
Social Representations of Pediatric Patients’ Relatives without Current Therapeutic Treatment / Representações Sociais de Familiares de Pacientes Pediátricos Fora de Possibilidades Terapêuticas Atuais
Authors: Da Silva Silvio Éder Dias , Dos Santos Arielle Lima , Paranhos Sheila Barbosa , Tavares Roseneide dos Santos , Da Costa Joel Lobato , De Sousa Yasmin Martins
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: Descrever a compreensão de cuidadores de clientes pediátricos FPTA sobre o câncer e sua repercussão para o cuidado em domicílio. Método:  pesquisa foi descritiva, com o emprego de uma abordagem qualitativa empregando a teoria das representações sociais. Resultados: Os dados desta pesquisa foram obtidos por meio da utilização de uma técnica de coleta: a livre associação de ideias, emergindo as unidades: cuidado paliativos: cuidador diante do cuidar. a essência do cuidar nas situações limites,  A criança oncológica - a necessidade de um cuidar atencioso e o cuidar em casa – um cuidar familiar. Conclusão: Observou-se que os familiares de uma criança necessitam de um acompanhamento da equipe de saúde. a nível domiciliar, mais precisamente do enfermeiro para oferecer as informações necessárias sobre os principais cuidados de saúde nessa fase da vida, para oferecer o suporte emocional e minimizar as dúvidas sobre o tratamento instituído.
Mortality Among Men Bearing Prostate Cancer and its Association With Sociodemographic and Clinical Variables / Mortalidade em Homens com Câncer de Próstata e sua Associação com Variáveis Sociodemográficas e Clínicas
Authors: Zacchi Sérgio Riguete , Viana Kátia Cirlene Gomes , Brandão-Souza Camila , Amorim Maria Helena Costa , Zandonade Eliana
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: Avaliar a associação de variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas com a mortalidade geral e específica por câncer de próstata. Método: Estudo retrospectivo de 1290 homens diagnosticados com câncer de próstata entre 2000 e 2006. Consultou-se prontuários, Sistema de Registro Hospitalar e Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade. Resultados: Dos 1290 homens, 758 estavam vivos, 308 morreram por câncer de próstata e 224 por outras causas. Associaram-se ao óbito por câncer de próstata: escore de Gleason > 9, PSA > 20 (entre 2,82 e 5,55 vezes) e presença de metástase. Associaram-se ao óbito por outras causas: estado civil viúvo, ingresso no hospital sem diagnóstico e sem tratamento e PSA > 50. Conclusão: Variáveis clínicas predominaram sobre a mortalidade específica por câncer de próstata, já variáveis sociodemográficas em óbitos por outras causas.Descritores: Neoplasias da próstata, Mortalidade, Saúde do homem, Políticas públicas.
Ishikawa Diagram: Causes and Solutions of Hiv Infection in Nursing Professionals Due to Sharps Use / Diagrama de Ishikawa: Causas e Soluções da Infecção ao Hiv Adquirida por Profissionais de Enfermagem Através de Materiais Perfurocortantes
Authors: De Araújo Patrício Anna Cláudia Freire , De Lima Nailson Silva , Lopes Rodrigues Brenda Feitosa , Minhaqui Ferreira Milena Azevedo , Dos Santos Thayná Dias , De Brito Rodrigues Thays Domingos
Published: April 2019

ResumoObjetivo: Analisar por meio do Diagrama de Ishikawa as causas e soluções da infecção ao HIV adquirida por profissionais de enfermagem no manuseio de materiais perfurocortantes. Métodos: Revisão da literatura baseada na Construção do Diagrama de Ishikawa, realizado em maio de 2017 nas bases de dados Pubmed e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde. Resultados: Dentre as causas da infecção ao HIV através de perfurocortantes: sobrecarga de trabalho, percepção de risco fragilizada, utilização descuidada de agulhas, ausência de treinamento. Quanto às soluções: gestão pós exposição adequada, implementar e fiscalizar o cumprimento das normas de biossegurança, aprimorar a notificação de acidentes com materiais perfurocortantes. Conclusão: Destaca-se a necessidade de sensibilizar gestores para intervir nos fatores que podem desencadear acidentes com materiais perfurocortantes pela equipe de enfermagem.Descritores: HIV, Enfermagem, Acidentes de Trabalho, Fatores Desencadeantes.
Nurse’s Attention in Primary Health Care Towards the Cancer Topic: From Real to Ideal / Atuação do Enfermeiro na Atenção Primária à Saúde na Temática do Câncer: Do Real ao Ideal
Authors: Sescon Nogueira Iara , Fernanda Previato Giselle , Denardi Antoniassi Baldissera Vanessa , Paiano Marcelle , Salci Maria Aparecida
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: identificar na literatura brasileira a atuação do profissional enfermeiro na Atenção Primária à Saúde na temática do câncer. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura com busca nas bases de dados LILACS, BDENF e biblioteca SciELO, em outubro de 2016, respondendo a questão norteadora: Qual a atuação do profissional enfermeiro na Atenção Primária à Saúde na temática do câncer? As publicações foram analisadas à luz da Política Nacional para a Prevenção e Controle do Câncer na Rede de Atenção à Saúde das Pessoas com Doenças Crônicas no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde. Resultados: oito estudos abordaram a realização de atividades assistenciais, como a realização de consultas de enfermagem com foco em exames preventivos do câncer de colo de útero e mama, atividades educativas e visitas domiciliares. Conclusão: verificou-se escassez de estudos sobre a atuação do enfermeiro na temática do câncer. Essa atuação quando existente volta-se ao modelo curativo de atenção.
The Nursing Team Approach When Facing the Feelings of Relatives of Patients Undergoing Intensive Therapy / Atuação da Enfermagem Frente aos Sentimentos dos Familiares de Pacientes em Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Poerschke Silvia Maria Bohmer , Salbego Cléton , Gomes Iris Elizabete Messa , Andrade Andressa de , Nietsche Elisabeta Albertina , Da Silva Thayná Champe
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: descrever os sentimentos vivenciados por familiares de pacientes internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e conhecer como os profissionais de enfermagem atuam frente a esses sentimentos. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas base de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), utilizando-se os descritores: enfermagem, apoio familiar de paciente, acolhimento, comunicação, relações profissional-família, unidade de terapia intensiva adulto, no período de 2012 a 2016. Resultados: Obteve-se um total de 139 artigos sendo que, destes, 32 foram analisados por satisfazerem aos critérios de inclusão. Evidenciou-se os sentimentos vivenciados pelos familiares, a atuação da enfermagem frente a esses sentimentos bem como as orientações e informações prestadas aos familiares. Ainda ficaram evidentes os fatores negativos que influenciaram a atuação dos profissionais de enfermagem com a família. Conclusão: Os resultados permitiram uma reflexão sobre as percepções e atuação dos profissionais de enfermagem de UTI, frente aos sentimentos vivenciados pelos familiares.
Maternal Mortality Profile: An Integrative Literature Review / Perfil da Mortalidade Materna: Uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura
Authors: Scarton Juliane , De Paula Saul Ferraz , De Andrade Gustavo Baade , Rangel Rosiane Filipin , Ventura Jeferson , De Siqueira Hedi Crecencia Heckler
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: Conhecer e analisar os aspectos que os estudos da literatura nacional e internacional revelam sobre o perfil da mortalidade materna. Metodologia: Revisão da literatura, a busca foi realizada em agosto de 2017, por meio da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, nas bases de dados da Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online e, Base de dados da Enfermagem, estabelecendo-se critérios de inclusão e exclusão, sendo selecionados nove estudos. Resultados: O perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos maternos é influenciado por fatores sociais, os quais refletem as desigualdades que assolam o mundo, a disparidade nas formas de acesso aos serviços de saúde, a educação e demais fatores que repercutem num grupo vulnerável para índices alarmantes. Conclusões: Os estudos refletem a necessidade de maiores esforços com engajamento da sociedade, órgãos públicos, profissionais de saúde, com vista a maior comprometimento e co-resposabilização na luta pela redução da mortalidade materna.
Fold 2D Woven DNA Origami to Origami+ Structures
Authors: Zhang Yiyang , Wang Chao , Dong Yuanchen , Wang Dianming , Cao Tianyang , Wang Shuo , Liu Dongsheng
Published: April 2019

DNA origami strategy has greatly promoted the development of DNA nanotechnology as it can construct delicate 2D/3D nanostructures. The current method to prepare DNA origami is through a woven approach to fix a long strand of DNA into certain shapes. This article describes a novel strategy to fold the same 2D DNA sheet into multiple complex structures driven by introducing hydrophobic interaction. The pathway of the folding process can be adjusted by tuning the distribution and chronic order of cholesterol, resulting in different complicated structures. This method is proven efficient for constructing variable nanostructures based on the same DNA origami sheet, and termed as origami+. This work represents a new strategy in DNA nanotechnology and will improve the ability to manipulate objects at nanoscale.
Strain Enhanced Functionality in a Bottom‐Up Approach Enabled 3D Super‐Nanocomposites
Authors: Chen Aiping , Harrell Zach , Lu Ping , Enriquez Erik , Li Leigang , Zhang Bruce , Dowden Paul , Chen Chonglin , Wang Haiyan , MacManus‐Driscoll Judith L. , Jia Quanxi
Published: April 2019

The ability to control nanoparticle size, concentration, and distribution in epitaxial nanocomposite films has been a formidable challenge in the synthesis of nanostructured composite materials. Here, a novel 3D super‐nanocomposite (3D‐sNC) architecture is successfully demonstrated by integrating superlattice and vertically aligned nanocomposite structures. In the 3D‐sNC architecture, the feature size and distribution of the nanocylinders such as the height/lateral dimension and the vertical/lateral spacing of nanocylinders can be precisely controlled. The microstructure parameters such as nanocylinder height and spacing modulated interfacial area control the lattice strain, which further tunes the magnetotransport property. These results demonstrate that 3D‐sNC is a simple and yet effective architecture to achieve controlled functionalities via the precise control of nanocylinder size, spacing, concentration, and distribution. Such a 3D‐sNC structure can be used to design advanced nanostructures with desired physical properties for a variety of material systems.
High Efficiency Planar p‐i‐n Perovskite Solar Cells Using Low‐Cost Fluorene‐Based Hole Transporting Material
Authors: Zhang Jing , Sun Quan , Chen Qiaoyun , Wang Yikai , Zhou Yi , Song Bo , Yuan Ningyi , Ding Jianning , Li Yongfang
Published: April 2019

For commercial applications, it is a challenge to find suitable and low‐cost hole‐transporting material (HTM) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), where high efficiency spiro‐OMeTAD and PTAA are expensive. A HTM based on 9,9‐dihexyl‐9H‐fluorene andN,N‐di‐p‐methylthiophenylamine (denoted as FMT) is designed and synthesized. High‐yield FMT with a linear structure is synthesized in two steps. The dopant‐free FMT‐based planar p‐i‐n perovskite solar cells (pp‐PSCs) exhibit a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.06%, which is among the highest PCEs reported for the pp‐PSCs based on organic HTM. For comparison, a PEDOT:PSS HTM‐based pp‐PSC is fabricated under the same conditions, and its PCE is found to be 13.9%.
Recent Development of Printed Micro‐Supercapacitors: Printable Materials, Printing Technologies, and Perspectives
Authors: Li Hongpeng , Liang Jiajie
Published: April 2019

The rapid progression of portable and wearable electronics has necessitated the development of high‐performing, miniaturized energy‐storage devices with flexible form factors and high energy and power delivery. Printed micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs), with in‐plane interdigital configurations, is touted as a promising choice to fulfill these requirements. New printing technologies can assemble MSCs with fiscal and environmental benefits, large form factors, and at high throughputs, qualities not afforded with conventional microfabrication technologies. Here, recent progress in the preparation of functional ink systems for wearable MSCs, encompassing electrode materials, conductor materials, and electrolytes, is presented. First, a comprehensive background of the fundamentals of printing technology is introduced, with discussions focusing on methods of improving ink functionality while simultaneously retaining good printability. Second, various printing techniques to ensure manufacturable scaling of wearable MSCs with high areal electrochemical performance and small footprint are explored. Within the scope of these two topics, various issues that hinder the full materialization of widespread adoption of printed MSC and next steps to overcome these issues are discussed. Further deep dives in scientific and technical challenges are also presented, including limited functionality of the inks, low printing resolution, overlay accuracy, and complex encapsulation.
PEG‐Lipid Post Insertion into Drug Delivery Liposomes Quantified at the Single Liposome Level
Authors: Eliasen Rasmus , Andresen Thomas L. , Larsen Jannik B.
Published: April 2019

Liposomal drug delivery systems are designed to avoid the body's natural clearance machinery and are typically achieved by incorporation lipid‐anchored poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers. When preparing such liposomes it is intrinsically assumed that all available PEG‐lipid is incorporated evenly into every liposome of a preparation, however this assumption remains unchallenged. Thus, a quantitative understanding of how PEG‐lipid incorporation conditions affect the PEG density on individual liposomes can provide novel insights on how to optimize an important parameter of liposomal circulation kinetics and therapeutic efficacy. Here a sensitive fluorescence‐based single liposome assay is employed that allows, for the first time, the quantification of the PEG‐lipid density on individual liposomes. The assay is used to demonstrate that incubation time and temperature, liposome membrane lipid saturation state and PEG anchoring moiety all affect the effective PEG surface density. Furthermore, the unique ability of the assay to investigate single liposomes within the ensemble, allows to quantify significant variations in PEG surface density between individual liposomes. Thus, the assay provides crucial insights on how to improve both the overall PEG surface density and reduce the liposome‐to‐liposome variation, facilitating the design and development of more uniform, controllable, and efficacious PEG‐lipid containing liposomal drug delivery systems.
Giant retroperitoneal lipoma presenting as abdominal protrusion: One case report and review of literature
Authors: Chen Yung‐Hung , Chen Ming‐Jen , Lin Han‐Jung
Published: April 2019

Lipomas are benign tumors of mature adipocytes, which are commonly located in the subdermal tissue of the trunk or extremities. Deep‐seated lipomas, especially originating from the retroperitoneal space, are extremely rare. We present the case of a 57‐year‐old man with a giant retroperitoneal lipoma but without impaired gastrointestinal (GI) function. This patient visited the GI outpatient clinic for progressively distended abdomen in the preceding months. The patient denied experiencing any nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, and change of bowel habits. Physical examination demonstrated a soft, nontender protrusion in the abdomen without guarding. Further analysis via dynamic liver computed tomography scan indicated a large, fat‐attenuated, mass‐like lesion in the left upper abdomen. In order to rule out malignant fat‐containing retroperitoneal masses, the patient underwent resection of the retroperitoneal and intra‐abdominal tumor. It is quite important to analyze the characteristics of the tumor accurately in order to make subsequent decisions on how to proceed with the surgery.
Chimpanzee feeding ecology and fallback food use in the montane forest of Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda
Authors: Matthews Jaya K. , Ridley Amanda , Niyigaba Protais , Kaplin Beth A. , Grueter Cyril C.
Published: April 2019

Almost all primates experience seasonal fluctuations in the availability of key food sources. However, the degree to which this fluctuation impacts foraging behavior varies considerably. Eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda, live in a montane forest environment characterized by lower primary productivity and resource diversity than low‐elevation forests. Little is known about chimpanzee feeding ecology in montane forests, and research to date predominantly relies on indirect methods such as fecal analyses. This study is the first to use mostly observational data to examine how seasonal food availability impacts the feeding ecology of montane forest chimpanzees. We examine seasonal changes in chimpanzee diet and fallback foods (FBFs) using instantaneous scan samples and fecal analyses, supported by inspection of feeding remains. Chimpanzee fruit abundance peaked during the major dry season, with a consequent change in chimpanzee diet reflecting the abundance and diversity of key fruit species. Terrestrial herbaceous vegetation was consumed throughout the year and is defined as a “filler” FBF. In contrast to studies conducted in lower‐elevation chimpanzee sites, figs (especiallyFicus lutea) were preferred resources, flowers were consumed at seasonally high rates and the proportion of non‐fig fruits in the diet were relatively low in the current study. These divergences likely result from the comparatively low environmental diversity and productivity in higher‐elevation environments.
A case of hypoxic encephalopathy induced by the inhalation of helium that resolved with no neurological complications: a case report and analysis of similar cases
Authors: Ogura Koichiro , Takahashi Waka , Morita Yasumasa
Published: April 2019

Background

Nowadays, it is getting easier to search information about helium‐assisted suicide online. Therefore, healthcare professionals must understand helium‐associated medical conditions.

Case Presentation

A 27‐year‐old man was found with his head covered with a bag connected to a helium tank. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy was not given because his head computed tomography showed no cerebral vasculature air embolism and there was no obvious limb paralysis. The diagnosis was impaired consciousness with hypoxic encephalopathy; he needed mechanical ventilation for 2 days. He was discharged after intelligence tests with no obvious higher brain dysfunction.

Conclusion

We successfully treated a patient with hypoxic encephalopathy due to helium inhalation. Our analysis suggests that the pathophysiology and appropriate intervention of helium intoxication might be different according to the devices used.
Unprecedented Bonding Situation in Viable E2(NHBMe)2(E=Be, Mg; NHBMe=(HCNMe)2B) Complexes: Neutral E2Forms a Single E−E Covalent Bond
Authors: Saha Ranajit , Pan Sudip , Merino Gabriel , Chattaraj Pratim K.
Published: April 2019

Is it possible to facilitate the formation of a genuine Be−Be or Mg−Mg single bond for the E2species while it is in its neutral state? So far, (NHCR)Be−Be(NHCR) (R=H, Me, Ph) have been reported where Be2is in1Δgexcited state imposing a formal Be−Be bond order of two. Herein, we present the formation of a single E−E (E=Be, Mg) covalent bond in E2(NHBMe)2(E=Be, Mg; NHBMe=(HCNMe)2B) complexes where E2is in3∑u+excited state having (nσg+)2(nσu+)1((n+1)σg+)1(n=2 for Be andn=4 for Mg) valence electron configuration and it forms electron‐shared bonding with two NHBMeradicals. The effects of bonding with nσu+and (n+1)σg+orbitals will cancel each other, providing the former E−E bond order as one. Be2(NHBMe)2complex is thermochemically stable with respect to possible dissociation channels at room temperature, whereas the two exergonic channels, Mg2(NHBMe)2→ Mg + Mg(NHBMe)2and Mg2(NHBMe)2→ Mg2+ (NHBMe)2, are kinetically inhibited by a free energy barrier of 15.7 and 18.7 kcal mol−1, respectively, which would likely to be further enhanced in cases of bulkier substituents attached to the NHB ligands. Therefore, the title complexes are first viable systems which feature a neutral E2moiety with a single E−E covalent bond.
Organoiodine‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Alkoxylation/Oxidative Rearrangement of Allylic Alcohols
Authors: Zhang Dong‐Yang , Zhang Ying , Wu Hua , Gong Liu‐Zhu
Published: April 2019

An enantioselective catalytic alkoxylation/oxidative rearrangement of allylic alcohols has been established by using a Brønsted acid and chiral organoiodine. The presence of 20 mol % of an (S)‐proline‐derived C2‐symmetric chiral iodine led to enantioenriched α‐arylated β‐alkoxylated ketones in good yields and with high levels of enantioselectivity (84–94 % ee).
From Alkyl Halides to Ketones: Nickel‐Catalyzed Reductive Carbonylation Utilizing Ethyl Chloroformate as the Carbonyl Source
Authors: Shi Renyi , Hu Xile
Published: April 2019

Ketones are an important class of molecules in synthetic and medicinal chemistry. Rapid and modular synthesis of ketones remains in high demand. Described here is a nickel‐catalyzed three‐component reductive carbonylation method for the synthesis of dialkyl ketones. A wide range of both symmetric and asymmetric dialkyl ketones can be accessed from alkyl halides and a safe CO source, ethyl chloroformate. The approach offers complementary substrate scope to existing carbonylation methods while avoiding the use of either toxic CO or metal carbonyl reagents.
Minimizing the Entropy Penalty for Ligand Binding: Lessons from the Molecular Recognition of the Histo Blood‐Group Antigens by Human Galectin‐3
Authors: Gimeno Ana , Delgado Sandra , Valverde Pablo , Bertuzzi Sara , Berbís Manuel Alvaro , Echavarren Javier , Lacetera Alessandra , Martín‐Santamaría Sonsoles , Surolia Avadhesha , Cañada Francisco Javier , Jiménez‐Barbero Jesus , Ardá Ana
Published: April 2019

Ligand conformational entropy plays an important role in carbohydrate recognition events. Glycans are characterized by intrinsic flexibility around the glycosidic linkages, thus in most cases, loss of conformational entropy of the sugar upon complex formation strongly affects the entropy of the binding process. By employing a multidisciplinary approach combining structural, conformational, binding energy, and kinetic information, we investigated the role of conformational entropy in the recognition of the histo blood‐group antigens A and B by human galectin‐3, a lectin of biomedical interest. We show that these rigid natural antigens are pre‐organized ligands for hGal‐3, and that restriction of the conformational flexibility by the branched fucose (Fuc) residue modulates the thermodynamics and kinetics of the binding process. These results highlight the importance of glycan flexibility and provide inspiration for the design of high‐affinity ligands as antagonists for lectins.
Na‐Y Zeolite, a convenient and recyclable catalyst for the facile one‐pot synthesis of spiro dibenzo[b,e][1,4]oxazepine scaffolds
Authors: De Kajal , Maity Suvendu , Ghosh Prasanta , Mukhopadhyay Chhanda
Published: April 2019

A new method for the synthesis of Spiro dibenzo[b,e][1,4]oxazepines that involves a three‐component reaction of isatins, 2‐amino phenols and cyclic‐1,3‐diketones has been developed. This protocol employs Na‐Y zeolite nanopowder as a heterogeneous catalyst and does not require the presence of any additivies or strong acid–base condition. Na‐Y zeolite nanopowder was synthesized through a simple hydrothermal procedure and it was characterized using different array of shophisticated techniques. Key features of the reaction include a recyclable catalyst and a wide scope of possible substrates.
A new map of the tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) genetic population structure in the western Atlantic Ocean: Hypothesis of an equatorial convergence centre
Authors: Carmo Camila B. , Ferrette Bruno L.S. , Camargo Sâmia M. , Roxo Fábio F. , Coelho Rui , Garla Ricardo C. , Oliveira Claudio , Piercy Andrew N. , Bornatowski Hugo , Foresti Fausto , Burgess George H. , Mendonça Fernando F.
Published: April 2019

The tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) is a common widespread coastal–pelagic shark species whose population genetic structure has only recently been the object of genetic studies.

In this study, the tiger's shark mitochondrial DNA control region was sequenced for a sample of 172 individuals from the western Atlantic and from Australia's east coast in the Pacific Ocean.

The results show a moderate variation in genetic diversity (h = 0.615 ± 0.038, π = 0.00184 ± 0.00021) with a strong population structure between Atlantic areas (ΦST = 0.28141, P = 0.00001).

The maternal lineage has high site fidelity, which paradoxically is coupled with connectivity across open ocean stretches to Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, which is identified as an important hotspot for this species. These results help with the understanding of what drives the displacement of this shark, at intra‐ and/or inter‐ocean basins levels, and can help inform the implementation of future conservation and management measures.

We recommend that the conservation of genetic diversity should be maintained at a global level and its maintenance should be pursued diligently in all populations of tiger shark. As the Fernando de Noronha region in the western Atlantic appears to contain the largest global genetic diversity of the species, this area should be treated as a marine reserve or ecological refuge for the tiger shark.
Self‐Assembly of Spherical Organic Molecules to Form Hollow Vesicular Structures in Water for Encapsulation of an Anticancer Drug and Its Release
Authors: Sarkar Koushik , Ahmed Sabir , Dastidar Parthasarathi
Published: April 2019

Developing hierarchical supramolecular structures is important for better understanding of various biological functions and possibly generating new materials for biomedical applications. Herein, we report the first examples of functional vesicles derived from cationic spherical organic molecules (C1‐C3) which were readily synthesized by reacting a C3‐symmetric tris‐benzimmidazole derivative (possessing a 1,3,5‐ethyl substituted aromatic core) with 1,3,5‐substituted tris‐bromomethyl benzene derivatives. Vesicle formation by C1‐C3 was probed by high‐resolution microscopy (TEM and AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and fluorescence microscopic imaging of calcein‐loaded vesicles. One of the vesicles [Vesicle(C3)] displayed the ability to load the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). The drug was subsequently released from DOX@Vesicle(C3) in a stimuli‐responsive manner in presence of the well‐known vesicle destroyer Triton X‐100, as revealed by in vitro cell migration assay carried out on a highly aggressive human breast cancer cell line (MDA‐MB‐231).
A Twist‐Assisted Biphenyl Photosensitizer Passable Through Glucose Channel
Authors: Tsuga Yuki , Katou Masataka , Kuwabara Satoshi , Kanamori Takashi , Ogura Shun‐ichiro , Okazaki Shigetoshi , Ohtani Hiroyuki , Yuasa Hideya
Published: April 2019

While the development of low‐molecular‐weight drugs is saturating, agents for photodynamic therapies (PDTs) may become alternative seeds in pharmaceutical industry. Among them, orally administrative, cancer‐selective, and side effect‐free photosensitizers (PSs) that can be activated by tissue‐penetrative near‐infrared (NIR) lights are strongly demanded. We discovered such a PS from scratch by focusing on a twist‐assisted spin‐orbit charge transfer intersystem crossing (ISC) mechanism in a biphenyl derivative, which was demonstrated by thorough photophysical studies. The unique ISC mechanism enables the PS to be small and slim so as to pass through glucose transporters and exert a PDT effect selectively on a cancer cell line. The smallness will allow for oral administration and fast clearance, which have been agenda of approved PSs with larger molecular weights. We also demonstrated that our PS was able to be activated with an NIR pulse laser through two‐photon excitation.
One Water LA: A Collaborative Approach to Integrated Water Management
Authors: Poosti Ali , Marrero Lenise , Falcon Penny , Wiersema Inge , Reed Jacquelin
Published: April 2019

The One Water LA 2040 Plan involves a multitude of stakeholders to establish an integrated management plan for all of Los Angeles’ water resources.
Wärmeübertragung in Eisspeichern und Energiegewinne aus dem Erdreich
Authors: Goeke Johannes
Published: April 2019

Die Speicherung von Energie ist in der Wärmeversorgung von Gebäuden ein lange bekanntes Prinzip zur Sicherstellung optimaler Effizienz und bei der Einbeziehung erneuerbarer Energie eine Notwendigkeit. Eine neue Form des Eisspeichers als erdvergrabenes Wasserreservoir ist in den letzten Jahren vermehrt zum Einsatz gekommen. Da in vielen Fällen Unklarheit über die möglichen Energieflüsse bei der Beladung und bei der Entladung herrschen, sollen hier die Wärmeübertragungsbedingungen des Entzugswärmeübertragers im Eispeicher und die Wärmegewinne aus dem Erdreich diskutiert werden.