bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
КЫРГЫЗСТАНДЫК ЭМГЕК МИГРАНТТАРЫНЫН УЧУРДАГЫ АБАЛЫ
Authors: Макыев Акылбек , Заирова Нурзат
Published: January 2024

Бул макалада Кыргызстандын калкынын тышкы эмгек миграциясы каралган, эмгекте жана эмгек миграциясы жаатындагы абал талданган. Кыргызстандын калкынын тышкы эмгек миграциясын стимулдаштыруучу негизги факторлору  изилденип  ошону менен бирге эмгек мигранттарын тынчсыздандырган негизги көйгөйлөрү  чагылдырылган.  Заманбап тышкы эмгек миграциясы жалпысынан Кыргызстан үчүн пайдалуу экенине токтолуп, ал дагы эле өлкөнүн көптөгөн курч социалдык-экономикалык көйгөйлөрүн чечүүдөгү бирден-бир мүмкүн болгон жолу экендиги каралган.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РЫНКА КЫРГЫЗСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Абдулложонова Азизпошшо , Артыкбаева Фарида
Published: January 2024

Одним из элементов обеспечения национальной безопасности является продовольственная безопасность. В ее обеспечении ключевая роль возлагается именно на аграрную сферу экономики. В статье обозначены основные направления продовольственного самообеспечения, классификация ступеней продовольственного обеспечения.  Проанализированы современные тенденции обеспечения физической и экономической доступности продовольствия и обоснована необходимость развития и совершенствования механизмов регулирования продовольственного рынка.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ УЧЕТА И НАЛОГООБЛОЖЕНИЯ СТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ В КЫРГЫЗСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКЕ
Authors: Ташкулова Гульэра , Обитшер кызы Жасмин
Published: January 2024

В данной статье рассмотрены особенности бухгалтерского учета и налогообложения строительной отрасли в Кыргызской Республике, изучены теория и  практика признания выручки в строительном учете, законодательные основы и методы признания доходов и расходов строительных компаний,  а также рассмотрены изменения международных стандартов по учету выручки в строительстве, проанализированы условия признания выручки и соответствующего расхода по МСФО 15 «Выручка по договорам с покупателями» и влияние технологических и коммерческих разработок системы налогообложения на деятельность субъектов строительной отрасли и государственной налоговой службы.
КАЛКТЫ СОЦИАЛДЫК ЖАКТАН КОРГООНУН ЕВРОПА ӨЛКӨЛӨРҮНҮН ТАЖРЫЙБАСЫ
Authors: Кайыпкулова Асел , Омурзаков Сатыбалды
Published: January 2024

Сунуш кылынган илимий макалада рыноктук мамилелердин шартында калкты социалдык жактан коргоо боюнча Европа өлкөлөрунун тажрыйбасынын теориялык негиздери жана аларды уюштуруу жолдорунун абалы изилденди. Изилдөө объектиси катары калкты социалдык жактан коргоо тутуму эсептелинет. Изилдөөнүн негизинде теориялык аспекте бул көйгөй боюнча калкты социалдык жактан коргоо боюнча  Европа өлкөлөрунун, тагыраагы Англия, Швеция, Германия, Финляндиянын тажрыйбасы изилденип, алардын алгылыктуу жактарын Кыргызстандын шартында колдонуу сунушталды. Изилдөөдө системдүү анализ, монографиялык жана салыштыруу ыкмалары колдонулду.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ УРОВНЯ ЗАРАБОТНОЙ ПЛАТЫ В ТЕРРИТОРИЯХ ОШСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ꞉ ЭКОНОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ФАКТОРОВ
Authors: Кулуева Чинара , Исманалиева Курманбек , Токошева Жазгул
Published: January 2024

В работе рассматриваются вопросы оплаты труда на территориях Ошской области, в частности проводится анализ факторов, влияющих на уровень и дифференциацию заработной платы на территориях. Также анализируются данные о структуре денежных доходов населения Ошской области и роли заработной платы в ней. Выявлена ​​степень корреляции факторов с объясняемой переменной, а также метод информационной емкости, используемый для выбора значимых переменных модели множественной регрессии.
The Needs and Context of Gender Equality Training for Workers in Protection and Support Facilities for Women affected by Gender Violence.
Authors:   The Korean Society for Lifelong Education, Ham Sejung , Lim Sung Sook
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the needs and context of gender equality training for workers at the protection and support facilities for women affected by gender violence. We employed focus group interviews (FGI) with 20 field workers from various support facilities, exploring the specific contexts in which they need gender training and the particular contents and training methods needed. The findings indicate workers agreed on the importance of continuous gender training, emphasizing the necessity of training that encourages critical reflection on practices that contribute to gender discrimination. They sought knowledge and attitudes to approach victim support with the understanding of social structure. They also desired an open learning community for discussion due to the tension among colleagues and the need for more conversation on the gender-sensitive approach. In terms of method of education, they expected participatory and self-directed learning. Based on this, the study suggests gender equality training that brings the content from the actual experiences of their field. It explores participatory training that uses voices collected from the field as both material and direction for education and analyzes and discusses the social structures underlying the cases. This research provides foundational data for developing professional training programs for the workers that enables more comprehensive support of gender violence victims and offers meaningful insights for social transformation toward gender equality.
Unsteady and Transient applications of Pressure-Sensitive Paint
Authors: Quinn Mark
Published: January 2024

Pressure-sensitive paint is a promising and ever growing aerodynamic measurement tool which is finding new applications in many different areas. Unsteady applications have yielded fantastic insights into spatially varying transient phenomenon such as buffet. This talk describes approaches for unsteady and transient applications of PSP from data processing and physical set up perspectives.
Pelatihan Software R Untuk Statistika Siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Manuhing
Authors: Basani Yuniarta , Puspitorini Mega , Pakpahan Herman Santoso
Published: January 2024

Pelatihan mengenai statistik dengan menggunakan Software R untuk siswa SMA Negeri 1 Manuhing di Kabupaten Gunung Mas Kalimantan Tengah bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan dalam statistik yang terintegrasi dengan materi Teknologi Informasi sehingga kemampuan dasar pemrograman dan mengolah data dapat dimiliki. Tahapan pelatihan yaitu pemberian pre-test, penyampaian materi, praktek yang dilakukan siswa didampingi tutor, dan pemberian post-test. Melalui statistik deskriptif, diperoleh rata-rata nilai post-test mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan rata-rata nilai pre-test. Kemudian data nilai diolah lebih lanjut dengan uji rata-rata dua populasi berpasangan menggunakan Uji T dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hipotesis nolnya (H0) adalah nilai pre-test sama dengan nilai post-test dan hipotesis alternatifnya (H1) adalah nilai pre-test lebih kecil daripada nilai post-test. Melalui Uji T diperoleh nilai mutlak t sebesar 4,202 lebih besar dari ttabel yaitu 2,048 dan diperkuat oleh p-value sebesar 0,02 yang lebih kecil dari taraf signifikansi sehingga diputuskan bahwa tolak H0. Kesimpulan bahwa pelatihan Software R untuk statistika siswa di SMAN 1 Manuhing dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta.
Integridade e funcionalidade dos instrumentais cirúrgicos de um hospital público universitário: estudo prospectivo
Authors: Gomes Eduardo Tavares , Dos Santos Rafaela Ingridy , Lopes Marcella Gomes dos Santos , Souza Cinthia Regina Albuquerque de , Adelino Simone Danielly  Vidal de Negreiros , Monteiro Estela Maria Leite Meireles , Gomes Roseane Lins Vasconcelos
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Caracterizar a integridade e a funcionalidade dos instrumentais cirúrgicos de um hospital público universitário. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, transversal, realizada num hospital universitário de grande porte do Nordeste do Brasil, de maio a julho de 2022. Foram avaliados 384 instrumentais quanto à sua integridade e funcionalidade, divididos em doze classes, cada uma contendo 32 itens. Os mecanismos de inspeção utilizados seguiram normas nacionais e internacionais. Resultados: Aproximadamente metade dos equipamentos avaliados apresentaram não conformidade em pelo menos um teste de integridade e um de funcionalidade. Conclusão: Houve alto índice de não conformidade dos instrumentais representativos do enxoval do hospital. Os dados refletem a necessidade premente de a instituição investir em rastreio, avaliação periódica e manutenção de instrumentais.
Frequency of Ultrasonographically Detectable Fetal Anomalies in Pregnancies Complicated by Polyhydramnios
Authors: Qadir Sidra , Younas Maria , Aftab Amina , Jan Sadiq , Waleed Khan Muhammad Aiman , Khan Muhammad Adil Hadeed
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The diagnosis of polyhydramnios is made prenatally by ultrasound examination using a noninvasive qualitative or quantitative approach. Ultrasound is well suited to assess liquor status and assess amniotic fluid volume. It is non- invasive, easily performed test and had no adverse effects on fetus and mother. 3.5 MHz convex ultrasound transducer (probe) is used to perform sonography, with use of Color Doppler whenever necessary. Objectives: To find out the frequency of ultrasonographically detectable fetal anomalies in pregnancies complicated by polyhydramnios. Study design: Cross sectional study Settings: Radiology Department of PAF Hospital Islamabad. Study duration: 6th October 2020 to 5th April 2021 Materials & Methods: A total of 150 women 20 to 40 years old having polyhydramnios during their second or third trimester of pregnancy were included. Patients with multiple gestation and intrauterine fetal death were excluded. They were scanned in detail with ultrasound machine having a convex 3.5 MHz probe for the severity of Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) and for congenital fetal anomalies. Patients’ demographics and clinical characteristics were recorded. Results: Age range in this study was from 20 to 40 years with mean age of 28.87±4.16 years. Majority of the patients 92 (61.33%) were between 20 to 30 years of age. Mean gravidity was 3.01 ± 0.99. Mean duration since marriage was 5.50 ± 1.22 years. In this study, frequency of ultrasonographically detectable fetal anomalies in pregnancies complicated by polyhydramnios was found to be 38 (25.33%). Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of ultrasonographically detectable fetal anomalies in pregnancies complicated by Polyhydramnios is quite high. Keywords: polyhydramnios, fetal anomalies, ultrasonography
Burkholderia Cepacia, an Emerging Nosocomial Pathogen in Neonates
Authors: Shaikh Maria , Shaikh Humera , Khan Farhan , Devi Durga , Memon Kiran , Zameer Sambreen , Aamir Kiran , Ramzan Aamir
Published: January 2024

Aim: To determine the prevalence of burkholderia cepacia infection at neonatal intensive care unit at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad/ Jamshoro. Study Design: Retrospective study Place and Duration: Department of Pathology Diagnostic and Research Laboratory LUMHS, Hyderabad. August 2017-September 2018. Methods: Total 140 neonates were presented in this study. Each case's blood sample was extracted and prepared for five days of incubation on the BACT ALERT 3D at 37 degrees Celsius. Blood culture-verified BCC infections were examined in this investigation within the first 72 hours of admission. Analysis has been done on the nosocomial B. cepacia pattern's antibiotic susceptibility. All data was analysed using SPSS 23.0. Results: There were 85 (60.7%) females and 55 (39.3%) males among all cases. Neonates mean age was 9.25±4.31 days. Most of the neonates had normal mode of delivery 90 (64.3%) and C-section was in 50 (35.7%) cases. According to antibiotic susceptibility in our study, most sensitive antimicrobial agents were Piperacillin/tazobactam 98%, Meropenem 98%, Minocycline 85% and Cefotaxime 80% and resistant agents were resistivity of Amikacin 99%, Ampicillin 99%, Cefixime 95% and Aztreonam 90%. Conclusion: This study revealed the high prevalence of Burkholderia cepacia infection in neonatal intensive care unit patients, and urgent need for an effective Intervention to control this outbreak. Keywords: Burkholderia cepacia, Neonates, Antibiotic susceptibility, Nosocomial infection
The Effectiveness of Aquatic Exercises in Improving Balance and Gait in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Noor Kinza , Ahsan Muhammad Aqdus , Bibi Salma , Mumtaz Tayyaba
Published: January 2024

Aim: Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that primarily affects older persons. The second most common disease among adults living in communities is osteoarthritis, which also has the second-highest overall medical cost aggregate. Objective: This review aimed to synthesize evidence for the effectiveness of aquatic exercises on the mobility, balance, gait, and posture of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Method: The databases utilized for literature searching were Embase, PubMed, PEDro, Cochrane library, and web of science. The search was conducted for literature selection on electronic databases up to November 2022. The selected studies were randomized controlled trials conducted in the past 12 years and published in English. To assess the methodological quality of the selected studies, the PEDro scale for quality assessment was applied. Results: Out of 366 obtained studies from the initial search, 10 trials met the inclusion criteria and were selected for review. All the included studies were found to have good methodological quality when assessed by the PEDro scale. A total of 531 participants, 74 males, and 457 females were evaluated with ages above 40 years. The aquatic exercise sessions for 3 to 12 weeks, 2 to 5 times a week for 30 to 90 minutes were administered across the studies. Although the method, duration, and frequency of aquatic interventions varied widely regarding mobility and balance in the studies, most of the studies found significant improvement in balance, postural control, and mobility. No convincing evidence can be provided for the improvement of gait and reduction of postural sway for both genders. Conclusion: Aquatic exercises are generally effective for the management and treatment of elderly patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis and should be used as an initial treatment option. Aquatic exercises with proper protocols of warm-up, specific aquatic exercise sessions, and cool-down are effective for the improvement of mobility, balance, and postural control in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Keywords: knee osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis of the knee, knee osteoarthritides, aquatic exercise, hydrotherapy, and water exercise
A Comparison of Clinical Outcomes in Patients of Mandibular Condyles Fractures Treated with Open Versus Close Reduction
Authors: Abbas Nasir , Nazir Asif , Khan Tanveer Ahmed , Khaliq Fahad , Iftikhar Ali , Muntaha Sidra Tul
Published: January 2024

Aim: The absence of a widely acknowledged and conclusive therapy for condylar fractures is a matter of contemporary debate and contention, with the issue of whether surgical or conservative approaches are better suitable for managing such fractures being unresolved. This study investigates several methodologies pertaining to the conservative, closed, and open surgical interventions for the treatment of condylar fractures. The standardization of fracture classification systems and treatment techniques is necessary to provide a clear and optimum strategy for individual individuals and their respective fractures. Objectives: The objectives of the study are to compare clinical outcomes in patients of mandibular condyles fractures treated with open versus close reduction. Method: A total of 84 individuals diagnosed with subcondylar fractures of the mandible were assessed. All fractures seen in the study exhibited displacement, with either angulation ranging from 10° to 35° or a reduction in length of the ascending ramus by more than 2 mm. A comprehensive assessment, including both clinical and radiographic examination, was conducted at the 6-month mark after the occurrence of the trauma. The clinical criteria assessed in this study included mouth opening, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) discomfort, mandibular deviation, malocclusion, facial damage, and scar formation. Results: The findings indicated a statistically significant difference between the two groups, with a p-value of less than 0.05. The findings suggest that open reduction was found to be more efficacious than closed reduction in enhancing mouth opening, mandibular deviation, TMJ discomfort, and malocclusion. Conversely, closed reduction was shown to be more beneficial than open reduction. Conclusion: The study findings indicate that the open treatment approach yields superior progress compared to closed techniques, and these differences are statistically significant. Patients who had open reduction demonstrated considerably superior results in all functional measures, with the exception of facial nerve damage and scar formation, when compared to those who underwent closed reduction. Keyword: Mandibular fracture, open reduction, closed reduction, clinical outcome
A Prospective Study Comparing Diagnosis of Neck Swellings by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology with Histopathology
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Wasif , Hashmat Shazia , Rashid Azhar , Singh Dolat , Alam Shomaila Ameer , Fauzia Taqia
Published: January 2024

Aim: To to correlate the fine needle aspiration cytology findings with histopathology findings of specimens from neck swellings. Study Design; Cross-Sectional Observational Setting: Pathology Department, Chandka Medical College, Larkana Period: June 2021 to June 2023 Methods: This study consisted of neck swelling samples received in the Department of Pathology by FNAC or excision. Both Cytology and Histopathology were evaluated by an experienced pathologist. Diagnoses of cytology were compared with the histopathological examination and the data was recorded into groups that comprised of lymph nodes, thyroid gland, and salivary glands. Lesions that did not fit into these groups were classified into as “others”. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS Version-22. Results: There were a total of 261 cases of neck swelling samples received in our department. Most of the cases were due to lymph node (n=104) pathologies notably due to reactive hyperplasia and tuberculosis. The thyroid gland (n=95) was the second most common region for FNAC and most samples showed the diagnosis of colloid goiter followed by follicular adenomas. There were n=30 samples of salivary glands whereas n=32 were classified into others. Overall sensitivity and specificity were variable among the regions of FNAC with the highest being (100%) in the salivary glands and lesions classified into others category. Practical Implication: Comparing neck swelling diagnosis via Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) with Histopathology is vital to validate FNAC's accuracy before definitive treatment. It ensures informed decision-making, avoiding unnecessary surgeries and minimizing risks. Conclusion: FNAC of the neck swellings is a highly accurate technique and provides the first line of diagnosis. However, FNAC does have its own limitations and this technique should always be complemented by a confirmatory histopathology. Keywords: Fine needle Aspiration Cytology, Neck Swellings, Lymph node, Salivary Glands, Thyroid Glands
A Comparison of Quality of life in Patients of Mandibular Condyles Fractures Treated with Open Versus Close Reduction
Authors: Abbas Nasir , Nazir Asif , Khaliq Fahad , Khan Tanveer Ahmed , Fishan Muhammad , Shaukat Aysha
Published: January 2024

Aim: The notion of quality of life pertains to the subjective assessment made by people on their overall well-being, taking into account their cultural and value orientations, as well as their goals, expectations, standards, and concerns. The notion of quality of life (QoL) within the medical field is often denoted as Health-Related Quality of Life (HR-QoL) or subjective health status. The primary objective of research on quality of life (QoL) is to evaluate the influence of sickness, disease, and their corresponding therapies on the holistic welfare of individuals. Objectives: The objectives of the study are to compare quality of life in patients of mandibular condylar fractures treated with open versus close reduction. Method: A total of 84 individuals diagnosed with subcondylar fractures of the mandible were subjected to evaluation. All fractures seen in the study exhibited displacement, either in the form of angulation ranging from 10° to 35° or a shortening of the ascending ramus by more than 2 mm. A comprehensive assessment, including both clinical and radiographic examination, was conducted at the 6-month mark after the occurrence of the trauma. The clinical characteristics assessed in this study included oral pain, difficulty in chewing, discomfort, cosmetic deformity, impact on daily routine, and symptoms of sadness. Results: The findings of the study indicate a statistically significant difference between the two groups, with a p-value of less than 0.05. The findings suggest that open reduction had superior outcomes compared to closed reduction in terms of alleviating oral pain, enhancing chewing ability, reducing discomfort, addressing cosmetic deformities, minimising disruptions to daily activities, and mitigating depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The study has determined that open therapy yields a better improvement in quality of life compared to closed treatments, and these differences are statistically significant. Keyword: Mandibular condylar fracture, open reduction, closed reduction, Quality of life
Frequency and Pattern of Presentation of Mental Nerve Injury During Para Symphysis Fracture
Authors: Iqbal Ahsan , Nazir Asif , Rashid Tania , Sultan Saima
Published: January 2024

Aim: The mandibular fracture at the parasymphysis is the most often seen fracture of a facial bone. The occurrence of anaesthesia or paraesthesia in the skin and mucous membrane within the distribution of the mental nerve may be seen due to mental nerve injury resulting from fractures in the Parasymphysis region. This condition has the potential to impact the overall well-being of affected individuals. Objective: To determine the Frequency and pattern of presentation of mental nerve injury during Para symphysis fracture. Method: The present research is an observational and descriptive investigation including a sample of 65 patients diagnosed with parasymphysis fracture. The study was done at the Nishter Institute of Dentistry in Multan, Pakistan, spanning from September 2021 to February 2023.Following the endorsement of the research by the Ethical Review Board of the hospital, patients were recruited using a non-probability sequential sampling method. The researchers used clinical neuro-sensory testing (NST) as a means of evaluating nerve damage and determining the specific kind of neurosensory impairment that occurred subsequent to a para symphysis fracture. A specifically prepared proforma is used as a tool for data collecting. The data underwent statistical analysis, and findings and observations were derived from the analysis. Results: The study assessed the incidence of mental nerve damage in instances with Para symphysis fracture, revealing that 23 cases (35%) exhibited the presence of mental nerve injury, whereas it was missing in 42 cases (65%). The study observed a total of 23 individuals, consisting of 17 males and 6 females, who were diagnosed with mental nerve damage. The most often encountered neurosensory problems experienced by patients after surgery are paraesthesia. Additionally, it has been shown that the leading cause of parasymphysis fracture in both males and females is road traffic accidents (RTA). Conclusions: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) have been identified as a significant factor contributing to parasymphysis fractures. These fractures may result in the development of neurosensory deficits either as a consequence of the initial trauma or as a complication after surgical intervention. It has been seen that such fractures can lead to persistent complications and a decrease in overall quality of life. Additionally, it is essential to conduct additional research studies that cover a longer duration and include a bigger cohort of patients. Keywords: Mandibular fracture, Mental nerve, Paraesthesia, Trauma
Frequency and Pattern of Presentation of Infra-Orbital Nerve Injury in Patients of Zygomatic Bone Fracture
Authors: Shaukat Ayesha , Nazir Asif , Chauhdry Wajeeha , Khan Tanveer Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Aim: In order to evaluate the frequency and kind of infraorbital nerve injury in zygomatic bone fractures Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2022 to January 2023 at the Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department, Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan. Sixty-four zygomatic bone fracture patients were included, meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria after a complete clinical and radiological examination. Clinical neuro-sensory testing (NST) was performed to assess nerve injury. The patient's demographic data, cause of fracture, presence, and type of nerve injury were collected on a specially designed proforma. The data was analysed using SPSS version 22. Frequencies, percentages, and mean ± standard deviation were taken. Results: Sixty four patients were included with male into female ratio of 4.34:1. There was male predominance. Most common cause of ION injury, in zygomatic bone fractures was RTA (n=13,46.4%) while nerve injury was present in 29 patients (46.77%) of patients. Most common presentation of ION nerve injury was paresthesia n=10,34.5%. Conclusion: Zygomatic bone fracture is the leading cause of infra-orbital nerve injury and its most common presentation is paresthesia. Keywords: infra-orbital nerve (ION) injury, paresthesia, zygomatic bone (ZMC) fracture
Causes, Types and Management of Fracture of Dentate Region of Mandible
Authors: Iqbal Ahsan , Nazir Asif , Sultan Saima , Rashid Tania
Published: January 2024

Aim: The mandible fracture ranks as the second most often occurring facial fracture. The advent of high-speed automobiles has led to a significant increase in the frequency of accidents in recent times. Mandibular fractures are observed as a notable occurrence of maxillofacial trauma in the region of Multan. Purpose: To determine the Causes, types and management of fracture of dentate region of mandible fracture. Method: The present research is an observational and descriptive investigation including a sample of 52 patients diagnosed with mandible fractures. The study was done at the Nishter Institute of Dentistry in Multan, Pakistan, spanning from September 2021 to February 2023. Following the endorsement of the research by the Ethical Review Board of the hospital, patients were recruited using a non-probability sequential sampling method. This research included patients who had a history of trauma and were admitted to Nishter Institute of Dentistry in Multan, Pakistan, as well as those from the surrounding districts of Multan. The assessment of mandibular fractures included doing extra-oral and intra-oral clinical evaluations, as well as obtaining panoramic and posterior-anterior radiographs of the mandible to establish a diagnosis. The data collected was then subjected to statistical analysis. Result: Among the sample of 52 individuals diagnosed with mandibular fractures, the age group of 21-30 years had the greatest proportion, with a notable male preponderance. The leading causes of fractures were road traffic accidents and assault, with the parasymphysis being the most often affected anatomical region. The occurrence and aetiology of mandibular fracture are indicative of the prevailing trauma patterns in a given population and may serve as a valuable resource for informing the development of initiatives aimed at mitigating and managing such injuries. Conclusions: Patients in the older age (51 years and over) exhibited a higher prevalence of fracture sites in comparison to patients in the younger age. This observation might perhaps be ascribed to the presence of a larger tooth-to-bone ratio. As a result, a decrease in bone density was seen among participants in the younger age category, whereas those in the older age category exhibited an elevation in bone frailty Keywords: Dentate fracture, mandible, trauma
Efficacy of Balloon Tamponade in Postpartum Hemorrhage
Authors: Yousaf Sara , Nasim Noreen , Anjum Hafiz Naveed , Yasmin Safia
Published: January 2024

Aim: An estimated loss of more than 500 mL of blood after vaginal delivery and more than 1000 mL of blood following caesarean delivery from the birth canal within 24 hours is considered primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). Rightfully termed the "obstetrician's nightmare," primary postpartum haemorrhage remains a major contributor to maternal mortality and morbidity in underdeveloped countries like Pakistan, where it accounts for 21-31% of maternal deaths. As a result, investigating PPH management strategies is vital. Objectives: To determine the efficacy of intrauterine balloon tamponade in the management of post-partum hemorrhage Study Design: Descriptive study Study Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheikh Zayed Medical from 21st May 2021 till 20th November 2021. Methods: Total 126 women aged 18-35 years, parity 1-6 and 31-41 weeks of gestation, who develop atonic post-partum hemorrhage not responding to uterotonics following normal vaginal delivery or caesarean section were enrolled using non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Women having postpartum hemorrhage were treated with balloon tamponade to stop bleeding. Efficacy was noted after 06 hours of procedure. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS 25. Results: In this study total 126 patients were enrolled with mean age of 25.6±5.3 years. Mean gestational age was 38.2±3.2 weeks. Mean blood loss was 1032.1±379.6 ml. Mean parity was4.1±1.3. Most of patients had middle education i.e. 33.3%. Majority of patients belonged to middle socioeconomic status i.e. 47.6%. There were 41.3% patients who were booked and 2 had regular antenatal visits. Vaginal delivery was done in 55.6% patients. Balloon tamponade was effective in 81% patients. Practical Implication: Since balloon tamponade is a relatively new procedure, there is little information about its efficacy compared to the more traditional method of uterovaginal packing in Pakistan. Conclusion: Balloon tamponade is effective in stopping postpartum hemorrhage. The success rate (81%) of balloon tamponade in preventing PPH is high. It's convenient for use in situations with a higher risk of PPH. Keywords: Postpartum Hemorrhage, Balloon Tamponade, Delivery, Efficacy, Blood Loss, Management
Anti-Thrombin and its Biological Significance
Authors: Ansari Umer Saeed
Published: January 2024

Anti-thrombin (AT) is a small molecular weight glycoprotein molecule, synthesized by liver, and circulates in the plasma at a concentration approximately 150 mg/ml1. AT belongs to a family of serine proteases, and most potent inhibitor of coagulation, and has vital role in maintaining haemostatic balance. It is also termed as ‘Heparin Cofactor’, and is considered essential for effective heparin therapy. Under normal conditions, its biological half-life is 1.5–2.5 days; But in conditions of acquired deficiency, and in the presence of heparin, the half-life of AT is much shorter, even being reduced to few hours.
Effects of Cycle Ergometer Training on Heart Rate Recovery and Mind Fullness in NYHA class I, II Heart Failure Patients
Authors: . Irfanullah , Waseem Mehwish , Yaqoob Naveed , , Shah Saleh , Tariq Iqbal , Chaudhary Fatima , Ibrahim Umar , Huma Zil E , Khan Nasir
Published: January 2024

Aim: To determine effect of Cycle ergometer on heart rate recovery and mindfulness in NYHA Class I and II heart failure pts. Study design: The study was a randomized controlled trial. Place and duration: Total study duration was 6 months, carried out at Rawal general and dental hospital Islamabad. Methodology: 38 patients were divided into the Control and experimental group. The control group received only conventional Therapy at home and the hospital on the third and 6th weeks for a supervised conventional therapy session. The experimental group received conventional therapy and cycle ergometer training thrice weekly for six weeks. Baseline demographic data, Vitals, HRR1, HRR2, and MAAS scores were gathered from both groups and compared after six weeks. Results: The mean age of the control group was (46.37±4.43) and of the experimental group (was 50.47±9.22). The MAAS score was significant with a p-value (< 0.05). HRR1 and HRR2 were also significant, with a p-value (<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that cycle ergometer exercise training significantly improved heart rate recovery in NYHA Class I and II heart failure patients and improved mindfulness. Keywords: Heart failure, Heart Rate Recovery 1(HRR1), Heart Rate Recovery 2 (HRR2), Mindful Attention Aware Scale
Analysis of Stenting versus Non-Stenting in patients Undergoing Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy for Management of Ureteric Calculi
Authors: Wahab Aziz ul , Alam Numan , Hussain Adee , Ali Izhar , Khan Ijaz , Mirza Zahoor Iqbal
Published: January 2024

Background: Ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URL) for ureteric calculi is commonly followed by ureteric stenting in around 60% of patients. However, its use for ureteric stones is debatable due to the stent-related symptoms and extra risks of stent migration, stent encrustation, and vesicoureteral reflux. Aim: To compare stenting to no-stenting in terms of mean operative time and mean hospital stay in patients receiving ureteroscopic lithotripsy for the treatment of ureteric calculi. Methods: This RCT, conducted at the Armed forces institute of urology Rawalpindi, included 104 patients aged 18 to 65 years with newly diagnosed ureteric calculi of 10-20 mm in size. They were subsequently separated into two equal groups, group A patient underwent ureteric stenting, and group B patients without a ureteric stent after uncomplicated calculus clearance with URL. Operative time was recorded in minutes, and hospital stay was measured in hours. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22. Results: The mean (SD) operative time was significantly longer in group A as compared to Group B, 48.02 ± 4.33 and 33.67 ± 2.27 min, respectively (p-value <0.0001), similarly mean duration of hospital stay for Group B patients was significantly shorter as compared to Group A patients (21.94 ± 2.29 versus 27.10 ± 4.16 hours) which were significant statistically (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Non-stenting has reduced mean hospital stay duration and reduced mean operative time in comparison with stenting after URL; thus, unless desirably needed stenting in URL should be avoided. Keywords: Ureteroscopy (URL), DJ stenting, operative time. hospital stay. Keywords: Ureteroscopy (URL), DJ/JJ stenting, operative time. Hospital stay.
Investigation of Dietary Habits and Lifestyle in relation to Diabetes Mellitus Type II among Private-Sector Employees of Lahore: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hussain Muhammad Imran , Naveed Fatima , Sheikh Momina , Arif Minahil , Maqsood Sahaab , Yasir Areeba , Khalid Huba
Published: January 2024

Background: Although some studies have shown the association between dietary patterns and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a general population but the associations in Pakistan have been rarely studied to date. Aim: To characterize the dietary patterns and lifestyle of private sector employees in Lahore adults aged above 25 to evaluate the relationship of dietary habits, and lifestyle with the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the private sector employees of Lahore, Pakistan. Two hundred and sixteen people participated in it and each provided their informed consent for data collection on their demographic, physical and biochemical characteristics along with the information on lifestyle and dietary patterns. Result: According to the observations from our study among the private sector employees in relation to their dietary habits, lifestyle and physical activity almost 174 private sector employees are diabetic out of which 42 are pre-diabetic.Their dietary intake was assessed using FFQ. The results show that diabetic people are taking more carbohydrates, saturated, trans-fats and red meat. Furthermore, pre-diabetic people are consuming high processed foods which contain more fats, calories and sugar without nutritional value. Conclusion: We have found that dietary habit, and lifestyle of private sector employees was associated with increased risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. As a result, in order to stop or reduce the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, it is necessary to promote healthy eating or dietary habits and physical activity to improve their lifestyle. Keywords: Cross-sectional study, informed consent, dietary intake, Diabetes Mellitus, FFQ, pre-diabetic.
Combined Effect of Dry Needling and Strain Counter Strain Technique in Myofascial Trigger Points of Upper Trapezius
Authors: Aroob Aqsa , Khan Zarnain , Ikram Adnan , Tahir Humera , Batool Farwa , Tehreem Zainab , Javed Hafiza Rabia
Published: January 2024

Aim: To evaluate the combined effect of dry needling and strain counter strain technique in myofascial trigger points of upper. Method: This randomized control trial study was conducted at Male and Female physiotherapy ward, Outdoor, Mayo Hospital, Lahore. 28 patients who had complain of taut band, tenderness and referred pain and fulfill the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this research via non-probability consecutive sampling which randomized later and allocated to two equal groups. Group A (n=14) was experimental group treated by Dry needling and strain counter strain with baseline treatment. Group B (n=14) was a control group treated by Strain counter strain with baseline treatment. Baseline Physiotherapy Protocol that was given to every patient: Hot pack for 10 minutes, Trapezius muscle stretching, cervical muscle strengthening exercises (2 sets of 5 repetition each). Written consent was procured by every patient. Questioner that was used for data collection was Neck disability index (NDI) and other tools were Goniometer and Visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: Descriptive statistics showed that participants having mean age of 27 in group A and 35 in group B. Participants who received dry needling and SCS showed marked improvement as compare to group B. Statistically significant improvement found in all variables that were measured following the intervention (P<0.05). The pre-treatment mean score for NDI in group A was 3.50±0.519, while in group B was 3.64±0.497. After 8 weeks of treatment, the mean score in group A was 1.79±0.579, and in group B was 2.64±0.497 with the p value <0.0001 is less than 0.05 showed that Combined treatment effect of dry needling and Strain counter strain and control group treatment with strain counter strain only both are statistically significant in improving pain in Trigger points of the upper trapezius. Conclusion: It was concluded from the study that the combined technique of Dry needling and strain counter strain and only strain counter strain technique with baseline treatment both are effective in reducing pain and better active range of motion outcome as p=0.000 that p<0.005 showed both techniques are statistically significant but the mean value of Study group A is more than control group B, so Combined technique study group A is more effective than Strain counter strain technique with baseline treatment of control group B. Keywords: Dry needling, Strain counter strain, Visual analogue scale, Neck disability index.
Effect of the Rehabilitation Program on knee Range of motion and muscle power after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Mazhar Tooba , Saddique Iram , Riaz Saba , Aziz Aasia , Batool Ayesha , Arif Ayesha
Published: January 2024

Aim: To examine the effects of rehabilitation on knee ranges of motion and muscle power after ACL reconstruction surgery. Method: In this study, 40 participants were examined who had ACL reconstruction. Research data was collected from the records since 20th may 2022, 2022 to 10th November, 2022 from Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. An ordinary follow-up examination was conducted at 1st, 3rd and 6th week after procedure (Follow up rate was 90%). Range of motion were assessed and compared using statistical analysis. Level of significance was set at p<0.001. Results: The study revealed that out of 40 participants, 13 (32.5%) were in the age range of 18-25 years, 2 (55%) were in the age range of 26-33 years and 5 (12.5%) were in the age range of 34-40 years with minimum age of 18 years and maximum age of 40 years. Out of 40 Participants, 37(92.5%) were males and 3(7.5%) females were included in the study. of 40 participants, 3(7.1%) had complications and difficulty in returning to healthy lifestyle after ACL surgery. There was significant difference between flexion and extension of knee across time. (p<0.001) Conclusion: The study reported that physical therapy rehabilitation post ACL reconstruction surgery greatly improved Knee flexion and extension range of motion. Post-operative complications were not reported in the majority of participants. Therefore, it is suggested that physical therapy rehabilitation is important for the return of knee function post ACL surgery. Keywords: ACL reconstruction, Rehabilitation, Knee Ranges, Muscle Power
An Observational Study to Assess the Level of Awareness and Perception of Toxoplasmosis among women of Childbearing age in Gaza City, Palestine
Authors: Dardona Zuhair , Hindi Adnan Al , Hafidi Mohamed , Boumezzough Ali , Sharif Fadel A. , Boussaa Samia
Published: January 2024

Background: Toxoplasmosis is one of the world's most ubiquitous parasitic infections. According to numerous published studies and data, this disease affects approximately one-third of the world's population. In addition, it is caused by the obligatory intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii. Aim: To assess the level of toxoplasmosis awareness and knowledge among women of childbearing age in Gaza City, Palestine, as well as determine potential risk factors for toxoplasmosis. It is worth emphasizing that the researched region, Gaza City, is one of the world's most densely populated cities. Method: The study's assessment approach involved the distribution of 400 questionnaires to women of childbearing age. Aside from gender and age, no other criteria were considered for assessment purposes. Results: The findings of this questionnaire revealed that 38.25% of respondents had heard of this disease, 47.00% were knowledgeable about the means of transmission, and 35.00% were aware of the measures for managing and preventing toxoplasmosis. The most shocking finding was that merely 21.50% of respondents received counseling or information about this ailment, either through educational stages or from their treating physician. Additionally, the findings revealed that consuming raw meat, rearing domestic cats, direct contact with stray cats, and soil are all-important potential risk factors for acquiring this disease. Conclusion: As a result, the study attempted to shed light on the inadequacy of toxoplasmosis knowledge and awareness, particularly among women of childbearing age in the study region. Considering this, the study recommends additional efforts to raise and develop a strong standard for toxoplasmosis knowledge and awareness among women of childbearing age in the study area. Key words: Toxoplasmosis – childbearing age – awareness – risk factors – Gaza, Palestine.
Identification of Phthalates, Methyl Esters and Siloxanes through GCMS analysis, biological investigation, DFT and Molecular Docking studies on Methanolic Subfractions of Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis flower extract
Authors: Yasmin Farah , Nazli Zill-I-Huma , Shafiq Nusrat , Aslam Maryam
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Plants are vital source of bioactive molecules, so they play a significant role in prevention and curing of various health disorders. The Hibiscus rosa sinensis, an ornate with attractive flowers, has conventionally been utilized globally as a curative agent for a wide range of ailments. Methods: In current study, we prepared crude methanolic extract of flowers of Hibiscus rosa sinensis and subjected that to in vitro biological evaluation to assess its antidiabetic and antioxidant potential. Outcomes of in vitro evaluation confirmed the excellent antidiabetic and antioxidant potency of Hibiscus flowers. Further crude methanolic extract was fractionated to hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions. Among the three fractions, we subjected methanolic fraction to GCMS analysis to explore the bioactive molecules contained by this fraction. Results: The spectral data obtained from GCMS analysis revealed the existence of a total of 12 compounds including phthalates, methyl esters and siloxanes which are known to have a range of reported pharmacological activities. Successively, we subjected the identified molecules to molecular docking to assess their antidiabetic and antioxidant potential and DFT study to explore the reactivity of their molecular structures. As far as we are aware, it is the first report on the in-silico antidiabetic (128.1µM) and antioxidant (410.0µM) potential assessment of phytoconstituents of methanolic extract of floral part of Hibiscus rosa sinensis. The results revealed the H. Sinensis plat as more viable and good alternative to existing natural remedies.
The Influence of Spirituality during Pregnancy: The Lights and Shadows
Authors: Nisar Nusrat , , Ali Shah Syed Zulfiquar , Karim Imran , . Urooj , . Zubida , Rajar Taha
Published: January 2024

In Asia, religion and health have been intertwined for centuries. Many cultures relate pregnancy and childbirth with religion and tradition. Spirituality is vital to nursing and midwifery. It is the part of all nursing and midwifery clients' and families' care1. Women pray more for protection, safe delivery, and blessings throughout pregnancy. Some women dread death during caesarian section and others are stigmatized2. It endures, to birth spontaneously; expectant ladies would try all spiritual and conventional techniques. Women pray alone or together. Pregnant ladies pray to build their faith in God and have confidence in a safe delivery3. Women communicate differently depending on their religion. Women can pray with blessed water, threads, recited water and oil. These items can be used once or throughout pregnancy4. The Holy Spirit is supposed to influence users through blessed water and oil. Some women recite scripture during prayers. Religious restrictions for pregnant women vary by group.