bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced removal of cationic dye by eco-friendly activated biochar derived from rice straw
Authors: Abd-Elhamid A. I. , Emran Mohamed , El-Sadek M. H. , El-Shanshory Ahmed A. , Soliman Hesham M. A. , Akl M. A. , Rashad Mohamed
Published: January 2020

This report deals with converting the agriculture waste (rice straw) to environmental cleaner materials (biochar) using airless pyrolysis followed by eco-friendly activation. The biochar (p-Biochar) obtained after pyrolysis step (poorly active material) was activated using wet attrition method to give m-Biochar (highly active materials). The both p-Biochar and m-Biochar were characterized in detail and utilized for MB and CV dye removal from aqueous solution. Various parameters affecting the adsorption process such as dye concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time, temperature, NaCl dose and pH were investigated. The adsorption isotherm was well fitted using Langmuir isotherm, and the maximum adsorption capacity is 90.91 and 44.64 mg/g, for MB and CV dyes, respectively. The contact time data obtained showed that the two dyes were poorly adsorbed over p-Biochar. The equilibrium was reached quickly in 15 min for MB dye and 20 min for CV dye using the m-Biochar, and removal percent was 94.45 and 92.70% for MB and CV dyes, respectively. Moreover, the kinetic isotherm presented very well fitted by pseudo-second-order model. In addition, the adsorption percent increases with further increasing the pH value. Finally, we observed that m-Biochar highly adsorbs the MB dye compared with the CV dye over all experimental conditions.
Family Member Search Algorithms for Peridynamic Analysis
Authors: Vazic Bozo , Diyaroglu Cagan , Oterkus Erkan , Oterkus Selda
Published: January 2020

Peridynamic equation of motion is usually solved numerically by using meshless approaches. Family search process is one of the most time-consuming parts of a peridynamic analysis. Especially for problems which require continuous update of family members inside the horizon of a material point, the time spent to search for family members becomes crucial. Hence, efficient algorithms are required to reduce the computational time. In this study, various family member search algorithms suitable for peridynamic simulations are presented including brute-force search, region partitioning, and tree data structures. By considering problem cases for different number of material points, computational time between different algorithms is compared and the most efficient algorithm is determined.
The subjective experience of recollection and familiarity in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Kapogiannis Dimitrios , El Haj Mohamad
Published: January 2020

Although the integrative memory model proposed by Bastin et al. is interesting, particularly for Alzheimer's disease, it may benefit from incorporating the subjective experience of recollection. We therefore offer complementary lines of interpretation to explain how recollection and familiarity in Alzheimer's disease can be dissociated based not only on accounts of their neural correlates but, critically, on the subjective experience of memory in patients.
How do memory modules differentially contribute to familiarity and recollection?
Authors: Hakobyan Olya , Cheng Sen
Published: January 2020

We fully support dissociating the subjective experience from the memory contents in recognition memory, as Bastin et al. posit in the target article. However, having two generic memory modules with qualitatively different functions is not mandatory and is in fact inconsistent with experimental evidence. We propose that quantitative differences in the properties of the memory modules can account for the apparent dissociation of recollection and familiarity along anatomical lines.
Cognitive control constrains memory attributions
Authors: Kelley Colleen M. , Jacoby Larry L.
Published: January 2020

Cognitive control constrains retrieval processing and so restricts what comes to mind as input to the attribution system. We review evidence that older adults, patients with Alzheimer's disease, and people with traumatic brain injury exert less cognitive control during retrieval, and so are susceptible to memory misattributions in the form of dramatic levels of false remembering.
Understanding misidentification syndromes using the integrative memory model
Authors: Patchitt Joel , Shergill Sukhi S.
Published: January 2020

Misidentification syndromes occur commonly in neuropsychiatric practice and can be explained through aberrant integration of recollection and familiarity, in keeping with a dysfunction at the level of the attributional system in the new integrative memory model. We examine neuroimaging findings associated with Fregoli and Capgras syndromes and compare these with the proposed neural substrate of the integrative memory model supporting the core and attribution functions.
On the origin of N in galaxies with galaxy evolution models
Authors: Vincenzo Fiorenzo , Kobayashi Chiaki
Published: January 2020

Nitrogen is among the most abundant chemical elements in the cosmos, and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are fundamental nucleosynthetic sources of N in galaxies. In this work, we show how the observed N/O versus O/H chemical abundance diagram, both in extragalactic systems and in our own Galaxy, can be used to constrain the nucleosynthetic origin of N in the cosmos. In particular, we review the results of our studies with chemical evolution models, embedded in full cosmological chemodynamical simulations.
A Review of Potential Public Health Impacts Associated With the Global Dairy Sector
Authors: Grout Leah , Baker Michael G. , French Nigel , Hales Simon
Published: January 2020

Strong demand for dairy products has led to a global increase in dairy production. In many parts of the world, dairy systems are undergoing rapid intensification. While increased production may contribute to food security, higher dairy stocking rates in some regions have resulted in increased pressure on natural resources with the potential to affect public health and wellbeing. The aim of this review was to identify and describe the potential health harms and benefits associated with dairy production and consumption. Electronic databases Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched for published literature that investigated human health impacts of dairy production and consumption. Occupational hazards, environmental health impacts, ecosystem health impacts, foodborne hazards, and diet‐related chronic diseases were identified as potential public health hazards. Some impacts, notably climate change, extend beyond directly exposed populations. Dairy production and consumption are also associated with important health benefits through the provision of nutrients and economic opportunities. As the global dairy sector increases production, exposure to a range of hazards must be weighed with these benefits. The review of impacts presented here can provide an input into decision making about optimal levels of dairy production and consumption, local land use, and identification and management of specific hazards from this sector. Future research should consider multiple exposure routes, socioeconomic implications, and environmental factors, particularly in regions heavily dependent on dairy farming.
Seasonal and Long‐Term Groundwater Unloading in the Central Valley Modifies Crustal Stress
Authors: Carlson G. , Shirzaei M. , Werth S. , Zhai G. , Ojha C.
Published: January 2020

Changes in terrestrial water content cause elastic deformation of the Earth's crust. This deformation is thought to play a role in modulating crustal stress and seismicity in regions where large water storage fluctuations occur. Groundwater is an important component of total water storage change in California, helping to drive annual water storage fluctuations and loss during periods of drought. Here we use direct estimates of groundwater volume loss during the 2007–2010 drought in California's Central Valley obtained from high resolution Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar‐based vertical land motion data to investigate the effect of groundwater volume change on the evolution of the stress field. We show that GPS‐derived elastic load models may not capture the contribution of groundwater to terrestrial water loading, resulting in an underestimation of nontectonic crustal stress change. We find that groundwater unloading during the drought causes Coulomb stress change of up to 5.5 kPa and seasonal fluctuations of up to 2.6 kPa at seismogenic depth. We find that faults near the Valley show the largest stress change and the San Andreas fault experiences only ~40 Pa of Coulomb stress change over the course of a year from groundwater storage change. Annual Coulomb stress change peaks dominantly in the fall, when the groundwater level is low; however, some faults experience peak stress in the spring when groundwater levels are higher. Additionally, we find that periods of increased stress correlate with higher than average seismic moment release but are not correlated with an increase in the number of earthquakes. This indicates groundwater loading likely contributes to nontectonic loading of faults, especially near the Valley edge, but is not a dominant factor in modulation of seismicity in California because the amplitude of stress change declines rapidly with distance from the Valley. By carefully quantifying and spatially locating groundwater fluctuations, we will improve our understanding of what drives nontectonic stress and forces that modulate seismicity in California.
Complex Deformation at Shallow Depth During the 30 October 2016Mw6.5 Norcia Earthquake: Interference Between Tectonic and Gravity Processes?
Authors: Delorme A. , Grandin R. , Klinger Y. , Pierrot‐Deseilligny M. , Feuillet N. , Jacques E. , Rupnik E. , Morishita Y.
Published: January 2020

The relation between slip at the near surface and at depth during earthquakes is still not fully resolved at the moment. This deficiency leads to large uncertainties in the evaluation of the magnitude of past earthquakes based on surface observations, which is the only accessible evidence for such events. A better knowledge of the way slip distributes over distinct rupture strands within the first few kilometers from the surface would contribute greatly to reduce these uncertainties. The 30 October 2016Mw6.5 Norcia earthquake has been captured by a variety of geodetic techniques, which provide access to the slip distribution both at depth and at the ground surface, with an unprecedented level of detail for a normal‐faulting earthquake. We first present coseismic surface offset measurements from correlation of optical satellite images of submetric resolution, which are compared to field observations made shortly after the earthquake. Based on a joint inversion of optical data together with InSAR and GPS data, we then propose a rupture model that explains the observations both at far‐field and near‐field scales. Finally, we explore different rupture geometries at shallow depth, in an attempt to better explain the near‐field deformation (i.e., within the first hundreds of meters around the fault) observed at the surface. Despite the fact that the solution is not unique, several lines of evidence suggest that gravity processes could be locally involved, which interfere with the dominant tectonic processes.
Estimating Bedload From Suspended Load and Water Discharge in Sand Bed Rivers
Authors: Ashley T. C. , McElroy B. , Buscombe D. , Grams P. E. , Kaplinski M.
Published: January 2020

Estimates of fluvial sediment discharge from in situ instruments are an important component of large‐scale sediment budgets that track long‐term geomorphic change. Suspended sediment load can be reliably estimated using acoustic or physical sampling techniques; however, bedload is difficult to measure directly and can consequently be one of the largest sources of uncertainty in estimates of total load. We propose a physically informed predictive empirical model for bedload sand flux as a function of variables that are measured using existing acoustic or physical sampling techniques. This model depends on the assumption that concentration and grain size in suspension are in equilibrium with reach‐averaged boundary conditions. Bayesian inference is used to fit model parameters to data from eight sand‐bed rivers and to simulate bedload flux over the available gage record at one site on the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park. We find that the cumulative bedload flux during the 9 year period from 2008 to 2016 was 5% of the cumulative suspended sand load; however, instantaneous bedload flux ranged from as little as 1% of instantaneous suspended sand load to as much as 75% of instantaneous suspended sand load due to fluctuations in flow strength and sediment supply. Changes in bedload flux at a constant discharge are indicative of short‐term sediment supply enrichment and depletion. Long‐term average bedload flux cannot be expected to remain constant in the future as the river adjusts to changes in sediment runoff and the dam‐regulated discharge regime.
Cascade surface modification of colloidal quantum dot inks enables efficient bulk homojunction photovoltaics
Authors: Choi Min-Jae , García de Arquer F. Pelayo , Proppe Andrew H. , Seifitokaldani Ali , Choi Jongmin , Kim Junghwan , Baek Se-Woong , Liu Mengxia , Sun Bin , Biondi Margherita , Scheffel Benjamin , Walters Grant , Nam Dae-Hyun , Jo Jea Woong , Ouellette Olivier , Voznyy Oleksandr , Hoogland Sjoerd , Kelley Shana O. , Jung Yeon Sik , Sargent Edward. H.
Published: January 2020

Control over carrier type and doping levels in semiconductor materials is key for optoelectronic applications. In colloidal quantum dots (CQDs), these properties can be tuned by surface chemistry modification, but this has so far been accomplished at the expense of reduced surface passivation and compromised colloidal solubility; this has precluded the realization of advanced architectures such as CQD bulk homojunction solids. Here we introduce a cascade surface modification scheme that overcomes these limitations. This strategy provides control over doping and solubility and enables n-type and p-type CQD inks that are fully miscible in the same solvent with complete surface passivation. This enables the realization of homogeneous CQD bulk homojunction films that exhibit a 1.5 times increase in carrier diffusion length compared with the previous best CQD films. As a result, we demonstrate the highest power conversion efficiency (13.3%) reported among CQD solar cells.
Mapping axon initial segment structure and function by multiplexed proximity biotinylation
Authors: Hamdan Hamdan , Lim Brian C. , Torii Tomohiro , Joshi Abhijeet , Konning Matthias , Smith Cameron , Palmer Donna J. , Ng Philip , Leterrier Christophe , Oses-Prieto Juan A. , Burlingame Alma L. , Rasband Matthew N.
Published: January 2020

Axon initial segments (AISs) generate action potentials and regulate the polarized distribution of proteins, lipids, and organelles in neurons. While the mechanisms of AIS Na+ and K+ channel clustering are understood, the molecular mechanisms that stabilize the AIS and control neuronal polarity remain obscure. Here, we use proximity biotinylation and mass spectrometry to identify the AIS proteome. We target the biotin-ligase BirA* to the AIS by generating fusion proteins of BirA* with NF186, Ndel1, and Trim46; these chimeras map the molecular organization of AIS intracellular membrane, cytosolic, and microtubule compartments. Our experiments reveal a diverse set of biotinylated proteins not previously reported at the AIS. We show many are located at the AIS, interact with known AIS proteins, and their loss disrupts AIS structure and function. Our results provide conceptual insights and a resource for AIS molecular organization, the mechanisms of AIS stability, and polarized trafficking in neurons.
Polar recruitment of RLD by LAZY1-like protein during gravity signaling in root branch angle control
Authors: Furutani Masahiko , Hirano Yoshinori , Nishimura Takeshi , Nakamura Moritaka , Taniguchi Masatoshi , Suzuki Kanako , Oshida Ryuichiro , Kondo Chiemi , Sun Song , Kato Kagayaki , Fukao Yoichiro , Hakoshima Toshio , Morita Miyo Terao
Published: January 2020

In many plant species, roots maintain specific growth angles relative to the direction of gravity, known as gravitropic set point angles (GSAs). These contribute to the efficient acquisition of water and nutrients. AtLAZY1/LAZY1-LIKE (LZY) genes are involved in GSA control by regulating auxin flow toward the direction of gravity in Arabidopsis. Here, we demonstrate that RCC1-like domain (RLD) proteins, identified as LZY interactors, are essential regulators of polar auxin transport. We show that interaction of the CCL domain of LZY with the BRX domain of RLD is important for the recruitment of RLD from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane by LZY. A structural analysis reveals the mode of the interaction as an intermolecular β-sheet in addition to the structure of the BRX domain. Our results offer a molecular framework in which gravity signal first emerges as polarized LZY3 localization in gravity-sensing cells, followed by polar RLD1 localization and PIN3 relocalization to modulate auxin flow.
A deep-learning technique for phase identification in multiphase inorganic compounds using synthetic XRD powder patterns
Authors: Lee Jin-Woong , Park Woon Bae , Lee Jin Hee , Singh Satendra Pal , Sohn Kee-Sun
Published: January 2020

Here we report a facile, prompt protocol based on deep-learning techniques to sort out intricate phase identification and quantification problems in complex multiphase inorganic compounds. We simulate plausible powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns for 170 inorganic compounds in the Sr-Li-Al-O quaternary compositional pool, wherein promising LED phosphors have been recently discovered. Finally, 1,785,405 synthetic XRD patterns are prepared by combinatorically mixing the simulated powder XRD patterns of 170 inorganic compounds. Convolutional neural network (CNN) models are built and eventually trained using this large prepared dataset. The fully trained CNN model promptly and accurately identifies the constituent phases in complex multiphase inorganic compounds. Although the CNN is trained using the simulated XRD data, a test with real experimental XRD data returns an accuracy of nearly 100% for phase identification and 86% for three-step-phase-fraction quantification.
CaSpER identifies and visualizes CNV events by integrative analysis of single-cell or bulk RNA-sequencing data
Authors: Serin Harmanci Akdes , Harmanci Arif O. , Zhou Xiaobo
Published: January 2020

RNA sequencing experiments generate large amounts of information about expression levels of genes. Although they are mainly used for quantifying expression levels, they contain much more biologically important information such as copy number variants (CNVs). Here, we present CaSpER, a signal processing approach for identification, visualization, and integrative analysis of focal and large-scale CNV events in multiscale resolution using either bulk or single-cell RNA sequencing data. CaSpER integrates the multiscale smoothing of expression signal and allelic shift signals for CNV calling. The allelic shift signal measures the loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) which is valuable for CNV identification. CaSpER employs an efficient methodology for the generation of a genome-wide B-allele frequency (BAF) signal profile from the reads and utilizes it for correction of CNVs calls. CaSpER increases the utility of RNA-sequencing datasets and complements other tools for complete characterization and visualization of the genomic and transcriptomic landscape of single cell and bulk RNA sequencing data.
Polydiacetylene-based ultrastrong bioorthogonal Raman probes for targeted live-cell Raman imaging
Authors: Tian Sidan , Li Haozheng , Li Zhong , Tang Huajun , Yin Mingming , Chen Yage , Wang Shun , Gao Yuting , Yang Xiangliang , Meng Fanling , Lauher Joseph W. , Wang Ping , Luo Liang
Published: January 2020

Live-cell Raman imaging based on bioorthogonal Raman probes with distinct signals in the cellular Raman-silent region (1800–2800 cm−1) has attracted great interest in recent years. We report here a class of water-soluble and biocompatible polydiacetylenes with intrinsic ultrastrong alkyne Raman signals that locate in this region for organelle-targeting live-cell Raman imaging. Using a host-guest topochemical polymerization strategy, we have synthesized a water-soluble and functionalizable master polydiacetylene, namely poly(deca-4,6-diynedioic acid) (PDDA), which possesses significantly enhanced (up to ~104 fold) alkyne vibration compared to conventional alkyne Raman probes. In addition, PDDA can be used as a general platform for multi-functional ultrastrong Raman probes. We achieve high quality live-cell stimulated Raman scattering imaging on the basis of modified PDDA. The polydiacetylene-based Raman probes represent ultrastrong intrinsic Raman imaging agents in the Raman-silent region (without any Raman enhancer), and the flexible functionalization of this material holds great promise for its potential diverse applications.
Interpreting pathways to discover cancer driver genes with Moonlight
Authors: Colaprico Antonio , Olsen Catharina , Bailey Matthew H. , Odom Gabriel J. , Terkelsen Thilde , Silva Tiago C. , Olsen André V. , Cantini Laura , Zinovyev Andrei , Barillot Emmanuel , Noushmehr Houtan , Bertoli Gloria , Castiglioni Isabella , Cava Claudia , Bontempi Gianluca , Chen Xi Steven , Papaleo Elena
Published: January 2020

Cancer driver gene alterations influence cancer development, occurring in oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and dual role genes. Discovering dual role cancer genes is difficult because of their elusive context-dependent behavior. We define oncogenic mediators as genes controlling biological processes. With them, we classify cancer driver genes, unveiling their roles in cancer mechanisms. To this end, we present Moonlight, a tool that incorporates multiple -omics data to identify critical cancer driver genes. With Moonlight, we analyze 8000+ tumor samples from 18 cancer types, discovering 3310 oncogenic mediators, 151 having dual roles. By incorporating additional data (amplification, mutation, DNA methylation, chromatin accessibility), we reveal 1000+ cancer driver genes, corroborating known molecular mechanisms. Additionally, we confirm critical cancer driver genes by analysing cell-line datasets. We discover inactivation of tumor suppressors in intron regions and that tissue type and subtype indicate dual role status. These findings help explain tumor heterogeneity and could guide therapeutic decisions.
Collective exchange processes reveal an active site proton cage in bacteriorhodopsin
Authors: Friedrich Daniel , Brünig Florian N. , Nieuwkoop Andrew J. , Netz Roland R. , Hegemann Peter , Oschkinat Hartmut
Published: January 2020

Proton translocation across membranes is vital to all kingdoms of life. Mechanistically, it relies on characteristic proton flows and modifications of hydrogen bonding patterns, termed protonation dynamics, which can be directly observed by fast magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR. Here, we demonstrate that reversible proton displacement in the active site of bacteriorhodopsin already takes place in its equilibrated dark-state, providing new information on the underlying hydrogen exchange processes. In particular, MAS NMR reveals proton exchange at D85 and the retinal Schiff base, suggesting a tautomeric equilibrium and thus partial ionization of D85. We provide evidence for a proton cage and detect a preformed proton path between D85 and the proton shuttle R82. The protons at D96 and D85 exchange with water, in line with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. We propose that retinal isomerization makes the observed proton exchange processes irreversible and delivers a proton towards the extracellular release site.
N-Protecting group tuning of the enantioselectivity in Strecker reactions of trifluoromethyl ketimines to synthesize quaternary α-trifluoromethyl amino nitriles by ion pair catalysis
Authors: Du Mengyuan , Yu Longhui , Du Ting , Li Zhaokun , Luo Yueyang , Meng Xiangyu , Tian Zhengtao , Zheng Changwu , Cao Weiguo , Zhao Gang
Published: January 2020

An enantioselective Strecker reaction to construct trifluoromethylated quaternary stereocenters with N-PMP and unexplored N-Boc trifluoromethyl ketimines catalyzed using an organophosphine dual-reagent catalyst has been reported.
Mg0.8Zn0.2O microspheres: preparation, characterization and application for degrading organic dyes
Authors: Zheng Yajun , Cao Liyun , Xing Gaoxuan , Huang Jianfeng , Zhang Zhiping
Published: January 2020

Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater is one of the most promising strategies for environmental remediation, and photocatalysts as the prerequisite have received considerable attention.
Tilts and shifts in molecular perovskites
Authors: Boström Hanna L. B.
Published: January 2020

A survey of the rigid unit modes in molecular perovskites is presented, showing how the prevalence of conventional tilts, unconventional tilts and columnar shifts vary across the different classes of molecular perovskites.
Investigating the character of excited states in TiO2nanoparticles from topological descriptors: implications for photocatalysis
Authors: Valero Rosendo , Morales-García Ángel , Illas Francesc
Published: January 2020

Excited state topological descriptors based on the attachment/detachment one-electron charge density are used to investigate the centroids of photoactive TiO2nanoclusters and nanoparticles.
Pressure-stabilized polymerization of nitrogen in alkaline-earth-metal strontium nitrides
Authors: Wei Shuli , Lian Lili , Liu Yan , Li Da , Liu Zhao , Cui Tian
Published: January 2020

We predicted several N-rich structures under high pressure. C2/c-SrN4 can make the ambient-pressure recovery possible. The energy densities for C2/m-SrN3 and P1̄-SrN5 are 1.08 and 1.09 kJ g−1, respectively, similar to that of common energy materials.
A modified backward elimination approach for the rapid classification of Chinese ceramics using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and chemometrics
Authors: Ruan Fangqi , Hou Lin , Zhang Tianlong , Li Hua
Published: January 2020

A modified backward elimination approach was proposed for feature selection (FS) to eliminate the redundant and irrelevant features from laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) spectra for the rapid classification of Chinese archaeological ceramics.
A biscoumarin scaffold as an efficient anti-Zika virus lead with NS3-helicase inhibitory potential: in vitro and in silico investigations
Authors: Mayank  , Kumar Deepak , Kaur Navneet , Giri Rajanish , Singh Narinder
Published: January 2020

Competitive NTPase inhibition and the potential binding to the RNA binding pocket of Zika NS3-helicase were observed using biscoumarin derivatives. The SAR was established, and MN-9 and MN-10 were identified as potent anti-Zika leads.
Synthesis of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers over different microporous and mesoporous zeolites: the effects of acidity and pore size
Authors: Xue Zhenzhen , Lu Changbo , Shang Hongyan , An Gaojun , Zhang Jun , Zhao Shidong , Liu Yu
Published: January 2020

Polymethoxydimethyl ether (PODEn) is an ideal blending component of diesel oil.
Monodispersed plasmonic Prussian blue nanoparticles for zero-background SERS/MRI-guided phototherapy
Authors: Zhu Wei , Gao Meng-Yue , Zhu Qing , Chi Bin , Zeng Ling-Wen , Hu Ji-Ming , Shen Ai-Guo
Published: January 2020

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided phototherapy are new breakthroughs in cancer therapeutics due to their complementary advantages, such as enhanced imaging spatial resolution and depth.
Hot carrier relaxation in Cs2TiIyBr6−y (y = 0, 2 and 6) by a time-domain ab initio study
Authors: Yan Hejin , Li Yingfeng , Li Xiang , Wang Bingxin , Li Meicheng
Published: January 2020

The hot carriers within 10 nm from the Cs2TiIyBr6−y/TiO2 interface can be extracted effectively due to their 2–3 ps relaxation time.
Humic acid as an efficient and reusable catalyst for one pot three-component green synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles in water
Authors: Wang Hongshe , Wang Yichun , Han Yinfeng , Zhao Weixing , Wang Xiaomei
Published: January 2020

A simple one pot three-component green synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles is described using humic acid as an efficient catalyst in water.
Retracted Article: Overexpression of circ_0034642 contributes to hypoxia-induced glycolysis, cell proliferation, migration and invasion in gliomas by facilitating TAGLN2 expression via sponging miR-625-5p
Authors: Kong Bo , Li Mingxuan , Gao Bo , Han Bin , Zhao Wanju , Wang Fujun
Published: January 2020

Circ_0034642 was upregulated under hypoxic conditions in gliomas.
Synthesis of natural 1-O-alkylglycerols: a study on the chemoselective opening of the epoxide ring by onium quaternary salts (N and P) and ionic liquids
Authors: Nascimento Thiana Santiago , Braga Esther Faria , Casaes Gomes Giselle Cristina , Batista William Romão , Mazzei Albert André Luís , Capella Lopes Rosangela Sabbatini , Lopes Claudio Cerqueira
Published: January 2020

A chemoselective route for the synthesis of 1-O-alkylglycerols chimyl (1), batyl (2), and selachyl (3) is reported.
Platinum nanoparticles on defect-rich nitrogen-doped hollow carbon as an efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reactions
Authors: Cheng Yapeng , Fan Meiling , Lin Weiran , Zhang Zhiwei , Zhang Haining
Published: January 2020

Design and synthesis of efficient electrocatalysts with low usage of precious metal and of high stability are essential for hydrogen evolution reaction in their practical applications.
Site-selective redox isomerizations of furanosides using a combined arylboronic acid/photoredox catalyst system
Authors: Dimakos Victoria , Gorelik Daniel , Su Hsin Y. , Garrett Graham E. , Hughes Gregory , Shibayama Hiromitsu , Taylor Mark S.
Published: January 2020

The combined action of boronic acid, photoredox catalyst and hydrogen atom transfer mediator enables the transformation of furanosides to 2-keto-3-deoxyfuranosides, a synthetic analog of the process catalyzed by the ribonucleotide reductase enzymes.
Proteostasis regulators modulate proteasomal activity and gene expression to attenuate multiple phenotypes in Fabry disease
Authors: Seemann Susanne , Ernst Mathias , Cimmaruta Chiara , Struckmann Stephan , Cozma Claudia , Koczan Dirk , Knospe Anne-Marie , Haake Linda Rebecca , Citro Valentina , Bräuer Anja U. , Andreotti Giuseppina , Cubellis Maria Vittoria , Fuellen Georg , Hermann Andreas , Giese Anne-Katrin , Rolfs Arndt , Lukas Jan
Published: January 2020

The lysosomal storage disorder Fabry disease is characterized by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme α-Galactosidase A. The observation that missense variants in the encoding GLA gene often lead to structural destabilization, endoplasmic reticulum retention and proteasomal degradation of the misfolded, but otherwise catalytically functional enzyme has resulted in the exploration of alternative therapeutic approaches. In this context, we have investigated proteostasis regulators (PRs) for their potential to increase cellular enzyme activity, and to reduce the disease-specific accumulation of the biomarker globotriaosylsphingosine in patient-derived cell culture. The PRs also acted synergistically with the clinically approved 1-deoxygalactonojirimycine, demonstrating the potential of combination treatment in a therapeutic application. Extensive characterization of the effective PRs revealed inhibition of the proteasome and elevation of GLA gene expression as paramount effects. Further analysis of transcriptional patterns of the PRs exposed a variety of genes involved in proteostasis as potential modulators. We propose that addressing proteostasis is an effective approach to discover new therapeutic targets for diseases involving folding and trafficking-deficient protein mutants.
Realität schlägt Virtualität – Hirnleistungstraining
Authors: Raß Lisa
Published: January 2020

Bei Klienten mit psychiatrischen Erkrankungen wird oft standardmäßig das computergestützte Hirnleistungstraining angewandt, um ihre kognitiven Fähigkeiten zu verbessern. Dabei ist nicht klar, ob es wirksamer ist als eine zielgerichtete betätigungsorientierte Therapie. Eine Fortbildungsgruppe junger Ergotherapeuten liefert nun Hinweise, dass die betätigungsorientierte Therapie schnellere und bessere Ergebnisse liefert als das Training am Computer.
„Leben heißt nicht nur lebendig zu sein“ – Die Wirkung einer Freizeitreise für Palliativpatienten auf Lebensqualität und soziale Integration: eine Analyse mittels audioregistrierter Leitfadeninterviews
Authors: Kaiser Florian , Vehling-Kaiser Ursula , Hoffmann Ana , Schmidt Jörg , Kaiser Ulrich
Published: January 2020

Ziel der Studie Neben der palliativmedizinischen Versorgung fordern die Deutsche und die Europäische Gesellschaft für Palliativmedizin die Berücksichtigung der sozialen Bedürfnisse von Patienten mit weit fortgeschrittenen und unheilbaren Erkrankungen. Soziale Isolation kann die Lebensqualität und den Krankheitsverlauf verschlechtern oder zur Verkürzung der Lebensdauer führen. Diese Arbeit soll den Effekt eines Integrationsprojekts auf den persönlichen (Lebensqualität, Selbstsicherheit, Krankheitsbewältigung) und sozialen (gesellschaftliche Reintegration) Nutzen für Palliativpatienten analysieren.

Methodik Im Anschluss an eine mehrtägige Reise für Palliativpatienten nach Rom wurden 17 Teilnehmer und sieben Betreuer zum soziopsychologischen Gewinn mittels audioregistrierter telefonischer Leitfadeninterviews befragt. Die Interviews wurden transkribiert und in einem mehrstufigen Prozess inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet und zusammengefasst.

Ergebnisse Eine organisierte Reise steigerte die soziale Integration, Lebensqualität und Selbstsicherheit von Palliativpatienten und führte zu einer besseren Krankheitsbewältigung.

Schlussfolgerung Die Aussagen von Patienten und Betreuern spiegeln die Notwendigkeit und den Nutzen der gesellschaftlichen Integration von Palliativpatienten wider.
Impact of Task-Oriented Role Assignment on Neonatal Resuscitation Performance: A Simulation-Based Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Litke-Wager Carrie , Delaney Heather , Mu Thornton , Sawyer Taylor
Published: January 2020

Objective Task-oriented role assignment (TORA) is the assignment of a specific role, a list of tasks, and a location to stand to each resuscitation team member. We performed this study to examine the impact of TORA training during a Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) course on neonatal resuscitation team technical performance and behavioral skills.

Study Design Participants were cluster randomized into either a standard NRP course (control) or an NRP course with TORA training. Both technical and behavioral skills were evaluated using standardized simulations. The simulations were video recorded and then scored by two blinded reviewers using previously validated instruments.

Results A total of 65 participants (62 resident physicians and 3 nurses) participated in 108 simulations (48 controls, 60 TORA). Technical skill scores were similar between the two groups (control = 77.6% [±8.4] vs. TORA = 78.1% [±8.1]; p = 0.74). The TORA group had higher behavior skill scores in 8 of the 10 NRP key behavioral skills and had higher overall behavioral skill scores (control = 30.1 [±7.2] vs. TORA = 34.9 [±4.8]; p < 0.001).

Conclusion In resuscitation teams comprising mostly resident physicians, TORA training resulted in better behavioral skills during simulated neonatal resuscitation. Further study on the impact of TORA training on actual resuscitation performance in interdisciplinary teams is warranted.
Impaired endothelium-mediated cerebrovascular reactivity promotes anxiety and respiration disorders in mice
Authors: Wenzel Jan , Hansen Cathrin E. , Bettoni Carla , Vogt Miriam A. , Lembrich Beate , Natsagdorj Rentsenkhand , Huber Gianna , Brands Josefine , Schmidt Kjestine , Assmann Julian C. , Stölting Ines , Saar Kathrin , Sedlacik Jan , Fiehler Jens , Ludewig Peter , Wegmann Michael , Feller Nina , Richter Marius , Müller-Fielitz Helge , Walther Thomas , König Gabriele M. , Kostenis Evi , Raasch Walter , Hübner Norbert , Gass Peter , Offermanns Stefan , de Wit Cor , Wagner Carsten A. , Schwaninger Markus
Published: January 2020

Carbon dioxide (CO
2
), the major product of metabolism, has a strong impact on cerebral blood vessels, a phenomenon known as cerebrovascular reactivity. Several vascular risk factors such as hypertension or diabetes dampen this response, making cerebrovascular reactivity a useful diagnostic marker for incipient vascular pathology, but its functional relevance, if any, is still unclear. Here, we found that GPR4, an endothelial H
+
receptor, and endothelial Gα
q/11
proteins mediate the CO
2
/H
+
effect on cerebrovascular reactivity in mice. CO
2
/H
+
leads to constriction of vessels in the brainstem area that controls respiration. The consequential washout of CO
2
, if cerebrovascular reactivity is impaired, reduces respiration. In contrast, CO
2
dilates vessels in other brain areas such as the amygdala. Hence, an impaired cerebrovascular reactivity amplifies the CO
2
effect on anxiety. Even at atmospheric CO
2
concentrations, impaired cerebrovascular reactivity caused longer apneic episodes and more anxiety, indicating that cerebrovascular reactivity is essential for normal brain function. The site-specific reactivity of vessels to CO
2
is reflected by regional differences in their gene expression and the release of vasoactive factors from endothelial cells. Our data suggest the central nervous system (CNS) endothelium as a target to treat respiratory and affective disorders associated with vascular diseases.
Rotary catalysis of bovine mitochondrial F
1
-ATPase studied by single-molecule experiments
Authors: Kobayashi Ryohei , Ueno Hiroshi , Li Chun-Biu , Noji Hiroyuki
Published: January 2020

The reaction scheme of rotary catalysis and the torque generation mechanism of bovine mitochondrial F
1
(bMF
1
) were studied in single-molecule experiments. Under ATP-saturated concentrations, high-speed imaging of a single 40-nm gold bead attached to the γ subunit of bMF
1
showed 2 types of intervening pauses during the rotation that were discriminated by short dwell and long dwell. Using ATPγS as a slowly hydrolyzing ATP derivative as well as using a functional mutant βE188D with slowed ATP hydrolysis, the 2 pausing events were distinctively identified. Buffer-exchange experiments with a nonhydrolyzable analog (AMP-PNP) revealed that the long dwell corresponds to the catalytic dwell, that is, the waiting state for hydrolysis, while it remains elusive which catalytic state short pause represents. The angular position of catalytic dwell was determined to be at +80° from the ATP-binding angle, mostly consistent with other F
1
s. The position of short dwell was found at 50 to 60° from catalytic dwell, that is, +10 to 20° from the ATP-binding angle. This is a distinct difference from human mitochondrial F
1
, which also shows intervening dwell that probably corresponds to the short dwell of bMF
1
, at +65° from the binding pause. Furthermore, we conducted “stall-and-release” experiments with magnetic tweezers to reveal how the binding affinity and hydrolysis equilibrium are modulated by the γ rotation. Similar to thermophilic F
1
, bMF
1
showed a strong exponential increase in ATP affinity, while the hydrolysis equilibrium did not change significantly. This indicates that the ATP binding process generates larger torque than the hydrolysis process.
The effect of proficiency, gender, and
learning style on the occurrence of negotiated
interaction in communicative task
performance
Authors: Pawlak Miroslaw
Published: January 2020

Apart from positive
evidence, or information about what is possible in
the target language (TL), second language learners
also need negative evidence, or information about
what is not possible in the TL, and opportunities
to engage in output production (Gass, 2003).
As postulated by the cognitive-interactionist
approach, these conditions can be met through
opportunities for negotiated interaction. Building
on previous research (e.g., Gass & Varonis, 1986;
Iwashita,
2001; Porter, 1996; Rassaei, 2015), this study
investigated the impact of English learners’
proficiency, gender, and learning style on the
occurrence, nature, and outcomes of negotiation in
two tasks, which differed with respect to the
presence of information gap. Results provide some
evidence for the mediating role of gender and
learning style but not proficiency, with task type
being an important mediating variable.
Synthesizing cross-theoretical explorations
of interlocutors and their individual
differences
Authors: Gurzynski-Weiss Laura
Published: January 2020

The theoretical and
empirical contributions of this current volume are
united in their efforts to examine interlocutors
and their individual differences. In this final
chapter, I demonstrate how the four approaches –
the cognitive-interactionist approach (Philp &
Gurzynski-Weiss; Pawlak); sociocultural theory
(Lantolf; Back); the variationist approach
(Geeslin; Long & Geeslin); and complex dynamic
systems theory (Larsen-Freeman; Serafini) – while,
on the surface may appear to be markedly
different, are all moving in harmony towards a
more comprehensive understanding of the nature of
interlocutors and their individual differences. I
will also discuss how this shared advancement
provides a more accurate picture of the complex
influences that affect second language
development. Finally, I will highlight the trends
and areas for future research common across all
approaches, providing concrete suggestions for
those interested in conducting research on this
topic.
Synthesis of the subsystem of supervision for grinding operation
Authors: Kharchenko A O
Published: January 2020

The article discusses the issues of building a dynamic system for assessing the state of a flat grinding operation, taking into account the statistical characteristics of the disturbances. To build the Kalman-Bucy filter, a program has been developed that allows solving the Riccati equations of the object and the filter. The calculation of the Kalman-Bussy filter coefficients for the stationary mode of the flat grinding process has been performed. This allows you to assess the state of the system in real time, and even in the case of measuring only one coordinate, the filter gives estimates of all coordinates, and the maximum estimation errors do not exceed 10%.
Recognition of underframe corrosion of automobile bodies using infrared themography methods
Authors: Kosenko Ekaterina , Zorin Vladimir , Baurova Natalia
Published: January 2020

The article describes the methodology of experimental studies on the detection and quantification of under-paint corrosion of metal parts with the use of infrared thermography. This study provides a description of the process of reducing the performance of a metal structure over time on the basis of the mathematical apparatus of the theory of catastrophe. The dependence of the diagnostic signal on the color of the paint coat, which characterizes the presence of a hidden corrosion defect is presented. Suggestions for the implementation of this method to evaluate the degree of corrosion damage in control objects with various colored paint coats are proposed.
Multi-level control of high-pressure sodium lamps parameters network technology
Authors: Semenov A D , Volkov A V
Published: January 2020

We created a mathematical model of a sodium high-pressure lamp. To develop the model, we used a mathematical model. An analytical method was used to describe the operation of a sodium lamp based on differential equations. We also used the singular value decomposition algorithm to find the coefficients of the ARMA model. Also, the transfer function of the ARMA model was obtained. Then we tested the models to control the quality of sodium lamps in production. The obtained results of the simulation coincide with the experimental results. Using a series of tests based on the singular value decomposition method, we confirmed the adequacy of elaborated model by Wilcoxon criterion.
Perspectives for organization of internal porous structure of loaded elements of optimal topology
Authors: Alekhin P A , Glebov A O , Karpov S V
Published: January 2020

The solution to the problem of topological optimization (TO) is often a complex irregular distribution of material. For this reason, the use of such results until recently was limited to theoretical studies. Modern additive technologies (AT) can solve this problem. A promising feature of AT is the possibility of obtaining a porous internal macrostructure of products. This can be used to optimize their mass during bending loads. In this paper, the problem of minimizing the compliance of a fixed two-dimensional beam is solved. The obtained structure was produced of ABS plastic according to the technology of layer-by-layer fusion of the material at different values of internal porosity. Standard three-point bending tests are implemented. It is shown that the use of porous products is a promising approach to reduce material consumption while maintaining the configuration of the stress-strain state. All other conditions being equal, these samples have greater plasticity and are capable of taking up large loads compared to monolithic products of the same mass.
Super engineering polyesters: synthesis and performance characteristics
Authors: Borodulin A S , Kalinnikov A N
Published: January 2020

The method of polycondensation allows to produce aromatic polyesters of various composition and structure. In this study, the structure and performance characteristics of the synthesized polymers have been investigated. It has been explained that the resulted aromatic polyesters have appropriate performance characteristics for using them as the base for producing prepregs and engineering polymeric materials with desired parameters in order to replace essential parts made of metals and metal alloys with the similar plastic ones in various industrial equipment.
Simulation and optimization of vacuum assisted resin infusion process for large-sized structures made of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics
Authors: Maung Pyi Phyo , Htet Tun Lin , Malysheva G V
Published: January 2020

Vacuum assisted resin infusion (VARI) is a process applied to manufacture large structures of composite materials, such as aircraft wing and fuselage skins, but the process parameters are designed by experience or lots of experiments. In this paper, the filling process of VARI for composite fuselage skin was analyzed based on simulation and optimized location of resin inlet ports. Firstly, we made 3D model of fuselage skin and simulated impregnation process. Secondly, we determined the location and quantity of resin inlet ports based on simulation results. The simulations showed that it is advisable to reduce the filing time not only by adding the resin inlet quantity, but also choosing optimal locations.