bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum Interleukin-1β and Interleukin-6 levels in children with status epilepticus in Indonesia
Authors:   Division of Neurology, Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Gunawan Prastiya Indra , Noviandi Riza ,   Division of Neurology, Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Samosir Sunny Mariana ,   Division of Neurology, Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

Background and objectives. The most common neurological emergency is status epilepticus (SE). The morbidity and mortality of SE are still high. Immune system activation and inflammation play a role in neuronal death in humans with SE. Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) are important pro-inflammatory cytokines in seizure susceptibility and brain cell death. This study aims to compare serum IL-1β and IL-6 levels of between children with SE and non-SE seizures. Material and methods. This study employed an analytic observational method at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya. The subjects were divided seizures into SE and non-SE seizures. The patients underwent a blood test after the initial assessment in the form of anamnesis, physical examination. Serum IL-1β and IL-6 levels were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Differences between the SE and non-SE groups were determined by using Fisher’s exact test or the Mann-Whitney test. Results. Forty patients participated in the study. In the SE seizure group, the median was 16 months, and the male gender was more prevalent (75%). The clinical manifestations that appeared more frequently in the SE group were fever and decreased consciousness. Most patients were alive at the end of the study: four patients in the SE group died. There was no significant difference in serum IL-1β between the groups (P=0.372). However, serum IL-6 serum levels were significantly higher in the SE group compared with the non-SE group (P=0.001). Conclusions. Serum IL-1β levels did not differ between the SE and non-SE groups, but serum IL-6 levels were higher in the SE group.
Two of a kind: analyzing juvenile polyps in a 5-year-old boy
Authors: MSJ Jeevprita , S Mary Lily ,   Department of Pathology, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: December 2024

Background. Juvenile polyps are most common benign lesions of the gastrointestinal tract predominantly affecting children. Occasionally, they can also be found in adults. These polyps belong to the group of hamartomatous polyps. Sporadic juvenile polyps generally occur singly, most common in the rectum, and are the leading cause of gastrointestinal bleeding in children. Case report. Here, we present a case of 5-year-old male child with the complaints of constipation for past 2 months and bleeding per rectum for past month. After a polypectomy, he was diagnosed with two synchronous non syndromic juvenile polyps which is not very common as most cases will present with either a solitary or multiple polyps (usually more than five in number). Conclusions. This article discusses the clinical presentation, histopathological features, pathogenesis, molecular alterations, prognosis and recent diagnostic advances of the juvenile polyps. Despite their innocuous nature, understanding their pathological characteristics is crucial for their timely diagnosis, management and for predicting clinical outcomes. Even with a lower risk of malignancy, regular surveillance is of utmost importance in case of patients with more than one juvenile polyp due to the increased risk of recurrence and neoplastic transformation.
Capacity Analysis of Reinforced Concrete and Composite Concrete with the Nonlinear Time History of Imperial Valley Earthquakes
Authors: Costa Anthony , Andini Thania , Wadirin Wadirin , Adanta Dendy , Iryani Sakura Yulia , Verawati Kencana
Published: December 2024

The design of a water intake system will be a highly efficient water use plan for the future fulfilment of water resources. In the case of pump intake building, a pier-type intake with reinforced concrete, steel structures and composite steel piles was used. 3D finite element modelling with a nonlinear time history loading method using Finite Element Analysis software was conducted to determine the failure performance of the structural capacity. The ground motion data utilised were Imperial Valley-06 of 1979, which were matched with the response spectrum of Bengkulu City and entered into the programme as earthquake load scaled to 2 times the original scale. The results of the structural capacity analysis included floor deviation, beam deflection, composite ratio and steel frame ratio. When the earthquake scale was increased to 1.5 × A0g, structural damage occurred in the steel columns because the damage ratio value was ≥1, indicating that the steel structure’s load value exceeded the steel material’s stress–strain capacity. The reinforced concrete pile cap beams also showed evidence of structural damage due to increased seismic loads because the deflection value of the beam structure exceeded the predetermined allowable deflection value. However, no structural failure occurred in the composite column structure because the capacity of the composite material was still able to withstand the earthquake’s magnitude.
Assessing the Relational Benefits of Logistics Services (LSP) as Perceived by Automotive Manufacturers in Klang Valley using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM)
Authors: Sazali Muhamad Faiz , Shariff S.Sarifah Radiah , Shamshol Bahri Muhamad Safuan , Zahari Siti Meriam , Masudin Ilyas
Published: December 2024

The increasing significance of logistics activities that extend across the boundaries of supply chain firms highlights the importance of managing relationships within the supply chain. Many automotive companies nowadays find outsourcing logistics functions to be a compelling choice. In the current landscape, a growing number of automotive companies are opting for outsourcing logistics functions. This shift is driven by the desire to attain strategic advantages in logistics with the ultimate goal of cost reduction. As the Malaysian automotive industry continues to grow annually, it is increasingly crucial for car manufacturers and assemblers in Malaysia to establish successful relationships with Logistics Service Providers (LSPs). In alignment with the current marketing concept that prioritizes relational benefits and insights derived from the supply chain management literature concerning consumer satisfaction, this research evaluates logistics service performance perceived by manufacturers. The validation process involves distributing questionnaires to 74 car manufacturing companies in Klang Valley area, achieving a response rate of 52.7%. In this study, the automotive companies are chosen to examine the relative importance of the three identified benefits, Special Treatment, Value Added (VAL), and Collaborative Benefits (COL) using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and a new benefit, Loyalty Benefit (LOY), was added to the framework. The contribution of this study includes providing new theoretical insights into the benefits–satisfaction–loyalty triad as applied by manufacturers and logistics service providers (LSPs). It also provides valuable perspectives on how to strategically evaluate logistics providers, aiming to transform a logistics firm from a tactical service provider into a closely integrated strategic partner
Life's Essential 8 in industrial workers
Authors: Henrique de Almeida Silva Pedro , Suzel Martins Cosme Ayse , Filipe Da Silva Mello Marcos , Moreira de Assis Feitosa Helayne , Ribeiro Gonçalves Karolina , Moreira Gomides Sardinha Carvalhedo Filipe , De Oliveira Fernandes Giovanna , de Almeida Silva Sales Kercya , Abdalla Soares Ruy , Soares Viviane
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The prevalence of cardiovascular health (CVH) factors defined by Life’s Simple 8 (LS8) among men and women in Brazil who work in industry is still incipient. And it is known that low levels of CVH are associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and early mortality. Objective: To evaluate CVH in workers in the industrial sector. Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out with 78 industrial employees. CVH was defined by the LS8 established by the American Heart Association (AHA). The eight factors evaluated were diet, physical activity level (PAL), sleep health, smoking, non-HDL cholesterol, fasting glucose, systemic blood pressure (SBP) and body mass index (BMI). Thus, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ - short version), the Mediterranean Diet and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were applied to evaluate PAL, diet and sleep health, respectively. Results: Women presented higher values ​​for diet (p=0.001), with lower systolic BP (p=0.020). Men had a lower prevalence of high CVH for the diet metric (p=0.002). Women presented a higher prevalence of high CVH for the BMI metric. Conclusion: Women in the industrial sector have a more cardioprotective diet and better blood pressure levels. The assessment of CVH in this sector is essential to identify behaviors and health factors that require greater attention, in addition to encouraging industries to implement policies aimed at promoting employee health.
Avaliação do conhecimento de professores de fisioterapia sobre neurofisiologia da dor
Authors: Severo Jaqueline , José Edson , Wanderley Débora
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento de professores de fisioterapia sobre neurofisiologia da dor e os fatores que interferem nesse conhecimento. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, do tipo transversal, que segue as recomendações do STROBE. Participaram da pesquisa 57 fisioterapeutas professores do curso de Fisioterapia de instituições de ensino superior, públicas e privadas, da cidade do Recife. Os participantes responderam um formulário contendo questões sócio-demográficas e o Questionário de Neurofisiologia da Dor (QND). Resultados: A média de acertos no QND foi 8/12. A análise resultou em um modelo estatisticamente significativo (p=0,002; R2=0,203), e as variáveis “ter disciplina sobre dor na graduação” (β=-3,521; t=-2,518; p=0,015, IC=-6,325a-0,718) e “idade” (β=-0,055;t=-2,958; p=0,005, IC=-0,092a-0,018) influenciam no escore do QND. Conclusão: O presente estudo evidenciou lacunas no conhecimento dos professores de fisioterapia acerca da neurofisiologia da dor. A compreensão mais efetiva sobre neurofisiologia da dor esteve relacionada à idade e ao fato de ter cursado uma disciplina sobre dor durante a graduação.
Instrumentos de avaliação das alterações na memória após infecção por COVID-19
Authors: Rabêlo de Souza Nathália Carolinne , Santos da Cruz Vieira Murillo , Dos Santos Layanna Nayra , Coelho de Azevedo Guilherme , Gomes da Silva Wesley
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Identificar o melhor instrumento de avaliação das alterações na memória, além de comparar a avaliação objetiva e a autoavaliação das mudanças na memória. Métodos: Amostra de 48 participantes com queixas de alterações na memória após infecção por COVID-19, com diagnóstico confirmado há, no mínimo, um mês, por indivíduos maiores de 18 anos e com adequado nível de consciência. A coleta aconteceu nas UBSs coparticipantes e fundamentou-se na aplicação do Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) para as queixas referentes à memória. A avaliação subjetiva foi baseada no questionário elaborado pelos autores. Resultados: Cerca de 31% dos pacientes que responderam o MEEM apresentaram prejuízo cognitivo. Em contrapartida, 83,3% dos entrevistados obtiveram esse resultado, ao se aplicar o  MoCA. 81,25% dos indivíduos notaram alterações na memória, principalmente na memória recente. Conclusão: O MoCA identificou uma maior quantidade de indivíduos com déficit cognitivo, inclusive aqueles que não apresentaram essa queixa na avaliação subjetiva. A maioria dos participantes notaram mudanças na capacidade de armazenamento de informações, principalmente, à curto prazo.
A Prevalência do câncer colorretal associado ao papiloma vírus humano
Authors: De Oliveira Jubiele Fernandes , Maria Aguiar Luna Bárbara , Fernandes Costa Maria do Socorro , Orrany Rodrigues Rocha Larissa , Melo Lucas Luisa , Costa Matos da Silva Pedro Henrique
Published: December 2024

O câncer colorretal é a terceira neoplasia mais incidente no Brasil, tratando-se de uma doença multifatorial, na qual pode-se destacar dentre seus fatores de risco a relação com o  Papilomavírus humano (HPV), principalmente seus subtipos 16 e 18. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar e compilar, de forma integrativa, os artigos mais recentes acerca da correlação entre o HPV e o câncer colorretal, através de busca nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Google Acadêmico, com os descritores “câncer colorretal e HPV” e “HPV  e carcinoma colorretal”. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos em português e inglês publicados a partir de 2008, excluindo-se aqueles que se relacionavam com outros carcinomas. Foram examinados 16 artigos científicos, tendo a maioria evidenciado a presença de HPV naqueles indivíduos diagnosticados com câncer colorretal. Tal incidência foi também relatada em pacientes imunocomprometidos, como transplantados e portadores de HIV, que possuem uma maior probabilidade de infecções pelo vírus ora mencionado, indicando possível aceleração na oncogênese, porém sem desigualdade de gênero digna de nota entre os estudados.
Relato de experiência júri simulado na saúde coletiva V
Authors: Rodrigues Franco Junqueira Ana Luiza , Borges Rufino Cruz Amanda , Vilges de Oliveira Stefan
Published: December 2024

Introdução: O método ativo de ensino médico busca dar protagonismo ao estudante em seu processo de aprendizagem, apresentando situações-problema que estimulem o pensamento crítico e a busca por respostas, promovendo autonomia. Diante da necessidade de favorecer essa participação ativa, métodos como Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas - Júri Simulado surgem como estratégia para redirecionar o processo de aprendizagem dos estudantes. Objetivos: Relatar como a realização de uma atividade simulada em uma universidade federal brasileira dialoga com o método ativo de aprendizado. Métodos: Foi feita revisão integrativa da literatura de artigos que descreviam as novas metodologias de ensino na Medicina para embasar a parte teórica do relato. Relato de Experiência: Relato de uma atividade proposta pelo componente curricular Saúde Coletiva da Faculdade de Medicina. A metodologia ativa utilizada foi o Júri Simulado, partindo de um problema concreto, objetivo e previamente estudado para análise pelos estudantes. A formulação de hipóteses para embasar uma argumentação crítica na tomada de decisões tornou-se essencial para o julgamento final, preparando os alunos para defenderem suas ideias. Discussão: Observou-se que a metodologia de colocar o estudante de Medicina no centro do processo de aprendizado incentivou a busca por informações verídicas para embasar seus posicionamentos nas arguições orais. Destacou-se também a interação entre os colegas e a ludicidade durante a atividade, rompendo com o padrão tradicional de aprendizado. Conclusões: O Júri Simulado proporcionou aos alunos o reconhecimento da importância do pensamento crítico e argumentativo para lidar com situações-problema e futuros desafios na vida profissional e pessoal.
Uşaklıgil’in “Onu Beklerken” Öyküsünde Bir Esaret Deneyiminin Kurgusal Anlatısı
Authors: Direnç Dilek , Dinçer Fahriye
Published: December 2024

ÖZET
Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil öykü, roman ve otobiyografik yazılarında köleleştirilmiş Afrikalıların deneyimlerini anlama ve anlamlandırma çabalarıyla dikkat çeker. Köleleştirilmiş Afrikalıları merkeze yerleştirerek, özneliğe sahip karakterler olarak işler. Kendi gözlem ve tanıklıklarından yola çıkan yazar, eserlerinde köleliğin yarattığı ötekilerin seslerini duymayı ve duyurmayı, bu seslerin anlattıklarını anlamayı ve aktarmayı denemiştir. Yazarın “Onu Beklerken” (1908) adlı öyküsü, on altı yaşlarındaki Afrikalı bir kızın Çad Gölü kıyılarında esir alınmasıyla başlayıp, getirildiği Osmanlı konağında kısa süre sonra gerçekleşen ölümüyle sonlanan bir esaret yolculuğunun hikâyesidir. Yazar ekosisteminden koparılan, benliği ve özgürlüğü elinden alınan, kendini yabancı bir dünyada buluveren Afrikalı kızın esaret deneyimine ses vermeyi seçerek, köleleştirilmiş Afrikalılara ilişkin basmakalıp tipleme ve önyargılara saplanmadan, alternatif bir esaret anlatısı üretir. Bu makale esaret altına alınmış ve ‘öteki’ olarak konumlandırılmış bireyin yaşantı ve duygularını esaret, şiddet ve ötekileştirme bağlamında çözümlemeyi hedefler. Kullandığı imgeler, semboller ve lirik dil aracılığıyla Uşaklıgil’in okuru kölelik kurumunun adaletsizliğini sorgulamaya yönlendirdiğini, toplumsal vicdana seslenerek yakın geçmişin kölelik pratikleri konusunda döneminin yerleşik kabullerine itiraz ettiğini ve böylece etik bir duruş ortaya koyduğunu ileri sürer.
QR 2
Authors: Cenicafé Federación Nacional de Cafeteros
Published: December 2024

QR 1
Designing educational programs taking into account the needs of the labor market: the role of social and humanitarian cybernetics and environmental design
Authors:   Volzhsky Institute of Economics, Pedagogy and Law, Borovskaya Marina A. , Skokov Roman Yu. ,   Volzhsky Institute of Economics, Pedagogy and Law
Published: December 2024

In the context of rapid technological development, it is necessary to adapt the education system to the requirements of the labor market based on the achievements of social and humanitarian cybernetics and environmental design. Interdisciplinary education that develops technical and social and humanitarian skills can contribute to solving complex problems of modern society. Social and humanitarian cybernetics, using digital tools, builds relationships between humans, society and technologies in such areas as education, healthcare, socio-economic and political processes. Currently, a new direction is emerging in the labor market associated with the growing demand for design and analytics in all sectors of the economy. This technological demand requires the development of new areas of training specialists and updating the content of educational programs. It is important to take these requirements into account when creating additional professional education programs, advanced training and general education courses aimed at training specialists capable of forming and developing industries and technologies related to environmental design. The conclusions and recommendations presented in the article are based on an interdisciplinary approach and analysis of current trends in the development of technologies and the labor market.
Financial and methodological aspects of supporting export activities at the meso-economic level (based on the example of regions of Russia)
Authors:   Kostroma State University, Berkovich Margarita I. , Zakrevskaia Ekaterina S. ,   Kostroma State University
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to improving the ways of managing the system of state support for export activities at the regional level, including methodological support for stimulating foreign trade relations through subsidiary support, as well as assessment of financial institutions for export development (banks and other credit institutions). Alternative methods of financing the system of state support for export activities at the meso-economic level are proposed and tested, based both on an assessment of the state and potential for the development of foreign trade relations in the regions and on the share of Russian goods in the total annual volume of purchases by state customers at the level of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The method of evaluating banks as subjects of state support for export activities in the region has been clarified and tested, taking into account various characteristics of both credit institutions themselves and their foreign trade financing programs.
Strategic development of the Republic of Buryatia: new solutions in a new reality
Authors:   East Siberian State University of Technology and Management, Slepneva Lyudmila R. , Zhelaeva Svetlana E. ,   East Siberian State University of Technology and Management, Naydanova Erzhena B. ,   East Siberian State University of Technology and Management
Published: December 2024

In article the review of the documents regulating strategic development of the Republic of Buryatia in the last 15-20 years is carried out, the main changes and differences of documents of the modern period demonstrating better and objective planning in the system of strategic development of the region are shown. The key indicators testifying to region economic and social situation are analyzed. It is revealed that without watching destructive influence of a number of calls and problems of the present, for the Republic of Buryatia positive trends in dynamics of socio-economic indexes are inherent. The demographic situation stabilizes, the real monetary income of the population grows, the volume of investment into fixed capital increases, the index of industrial and agrofood production grows. The listed and other trends allow to draw a conclusion on successful overcoming a point of bifurcation thanks to the strategic decisions realized in the republic.
Energy in the context of new challenges and threats
Authors:   Eurasian Economic Commission, Kozhoshev Arzybek O.
Published: December 2024

In the modern world, deep structural changes are taking place, due to the change of technological modes. This process is accompanied by a technological revolution, abrupt changes in the system of economic valuations, and large-scale shifts in the economy. Two key components are implied here. The first is the energy challenges facing the Eurasian Economic Union. The second is the willingness to overcome them by joint efforts. The global energy sector has faced serious challenges and upheavals that require the search for new opportunities for the development of the fuel and electric complex. These challenges are exacerbated by a number of other problems that the five countries need to address.
Socio-economic analysis of the dynamics of regional development on the example of the subjects of the North Caucasus federal district
Authors: Kulova Margarita R. , Fedosova Elena V. , Khosaeva Zarina Kh. , Gabaraeva Marina R.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the regional characteristics of economic dynamic in the North Caucasus Federal District from 1998 to 2021. The research is based on methods of statistical and comparative analysis, as well as qualitative content analysis of social media networks. As a result of the research, we can conclude that the the dynamic of indicators per capita GDP, the volume of investment in fixed capital per capita and the unemployment rate in the macroregion all correlate with content analysis of social media networks. The results can be used in public administration practice.
Energy sector in the context of national development goals of Russia
Authors:   Institute for Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolpakov Andrey Yu.
Published: December 2024

The inertial way of planning in the energy sector does not allow achieving national development goals set by the President of Russia. Qualitative changes in approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of projects and policies are needed. Accounting for economic efficiency alone is not relevant in the context of achieving national goals and should be supplemented with metrics responsible for social and environmental well-being, scientific and technological development, technological sovereignty, compliance with climate policy goals.
Theoretical aspects of the application of artificial intelligence technology in the context of digital transformation of high-tech industrial enterprises
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Nigmatov Ravil R.
Published: December 2024

This article is dedicated to the study of artificial intelligence technology, which has become one of the key components of the digital transformation of high-tech industrial enterprises in recent years. The author analyzes the conceptual foundations of the digital transformation of high-tech enterprises as a systematic approach to their technological development in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Examples of Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies are provided, one of which is artificial intelligence. The definitions of the concept of 'artificial intelligence' presented in the works of Russian scholars are examined, revealing similarities and differences in the authors' positions regarding the understanding of the essence of this technology. The advantages of the practical application of artificial intelligence arising during the digital transformation of enterprises are discussed. Among the actively developed approaches to the implementation of artificial intelligence technology, neural networks are considered. The author analyzes the main types of neural networks and the sequence of steps performed by developers when creating and training a neural network to be implemented in a high-tech enterprise. Examples of successful implementation of artificial intelligence in domestic and foreign enterprises are investigated.
VLA 22 GHz Imaging of Massive Star Formation in Local Wolf–Rayet Galaxies
Authors: Ferraro Nicholas G. , Turner Jean L. , Beck Sara C. , Alexani Edwin , Indrei Runa , Welch Bethany M. , Xie Tunhui
Published: December 2024

We present 22 GHz imaging of regions of massive star formation within the Local Wolf–Rayet Galaxy Sample, a NSF Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array survey of 30 local galaxies showing spectral features of Wolf–Rayet (WR) stars. These spectral features are present in galaxies with young super star clusters (SSCs), and are an indicator of large concentrations of massive stars. We present a catalog of 92 individually identified regions of likely free–free emission associated with potential young SSCs located in these WR galaxies. The free–free fluxes from these maps allow extinction-free estimates of the Lyman continuum rates, masses, and luminosities of the emission regions. Thirty-nine of these regions meet the minimum Lyman continuum rate to contain at least once SSC, and 29 of these regions could contain individual SSCs massive enough to test specific theories on star formation and feedback inhibition in SSCs, requiring follow-up observations at higher spatial resolution. The resulting catalog provides sources for future molecular line and IR studies into the properties of SSC formation.
Testing the Bullet Dwarf Collision Scenario in the NGC 1052 Group through Morphologies and Stellar Populations
Authors: Tang Yimeng , Romanowsky Aaron J. , van Dokkum Pieter G. , Jarrett T. H. , Bundy Kevin A. , Buzzo Maria Luisa , Danieli Shany , Gannon Jonah S. , Keim Michael A. , Laine Seppo , Shen Zili
Published: December 2024

NGC 1052-DF2 and -DF4 are two ultradiffuse galaxies that have been reported as deficient in dark matter and associated with the same galaxy group. Recent findings suggest that DF2 and DF4 are part of a large linear substructure of dwarf galaxies that could have been formed from a high-velocity head-on encounter of two gas-rich galaxies, known as a “bullet dwarf” collision. Based on new observations from the Hubble Space Telescope, combined with existing imaging from the u band to mid-infrared, we test the bullet dwarf scenario by studying the morphologies and stellar populations of the trail dwarfs. We find no significant morphological differences between the trail dwarfs and other dwarfs in the group, while for both populations, their photometric major axes unexpectedly align parallel with the trail. We find that the trail dwarfs have significantly older ages and higher metallicities than the comparison sample, supporting the distinctiveness of the trail. These observations provide key constraints for any formation model, and we argue that they are currently best explained by the bullet dwarf collision scenario, with additional strong tests anticipated with future observations.
Combined Fit of Spectrum and Composition for FR0 Radio-galaxy-emitted Ultra–high energy Cosmic Rays with Resulting Secondary Photons and Neutrinos
Authors: Lundquist Jon Paul , Vorobiov Serguei , Merten Lukas , Reimer Anita , Boughelilba Margot , Vela Paolo Da , Tavecchio Fabrizio , Bonnoli Giacomo , Righi Chiara
Published: December 2024

This study comprehensively investigates the gamma-ray dim population of Fanaroff–Riley Type 0 (FR0) radio galaxies as potentially significant sources of ultra–high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs, E > 1018 eV) detected on Earth. While individual FR0 luminosities are relatively low compared to the more powerful Fanaroff–Riley Type 1 and Type 2 galaxies, FR0s are substantially more prevalent in the local universe, outnumbering the more energetic galaxies by a factor of ∼5 within a redshift of z ≤ 0.05. Employing CRPropa3 simulations, we estimate the mass composition and energy spectra of UHECRs originating from FR0 galaxies for energies above 1018.6 eV. This estimation fits data from the Pierre Auger Observatory (Auger) using three extensive air shower models; both constant and energy-dependent observed elemental fractions are considered. The simulation integrates an approximately isotropic distribution of FR0 galaxies, extrapolated from observed characteristics, with UHECR propagation in the intergalactic medium, incorporating various plausible configurations of extragalactic magnetic fields, both random and structured. We then compare the resulting emission spectral indices, rigidity cutoffs, and elemental fractions with recent Auger results. In total, 25 combined energy-spectrum and mass-composition fits are considered. Beyond the cosmic-ray fluxes emitted by FR0 galaxies, this study predicts the secondary photon and neutrino fluxes from UHECR interactions with intergalactic cosmic photon backgrounds. The multimessenger approach, encompassing observational data and theoretical models, helps elucidate the contribution of low-luminosity FR0 radio galaxies to the total cosmic-ray energy density.
More Likely Than You Think: Inclination-driving Secular Resonances Are Common in Known Exoplanet Systems
Authors: Faridani Thea H. , Naoz Smadar , Li Gongjie , Rice Malena , Inzunza Nicholas
Published: December 2024

Multiplanet systems face significant challenges to detection. For example, farther-orbiting planets have a reduced signal-to-noise ratio in radial velocity detection methods, and small mutual inclinations between planets can prevent them from all transiting. One mechanism for exciting mutual inclination between planets is secular resonance, where the nodal precession frequencies of the planets align so as to greatly increase the efficiency of the angular momentum transport between planets. These resonances can significantly misalign planets from one another, hindering detection, and typically can only occur when there are three or more planets in the system. Naively, systems can only be in resonance for particular combinations of planet semimajor axes and masses; however, effects that alter the nodal precession frequencies of the planets, such as the decay of stellar oblateness, can significantly expand the region of parameter space where resonances occur. In this work, we explore known three-planet systems, determine whether they are in (or were in) secular resonance due to evolving stellar oblateness, and demonstrate the implications of resonance on their detectability and stability. We show that about 20% of a sample of three-planet transiting systems seem to undergo these resonances early in their lives.
Disk Kinematics at High Redshift: DysmalPy’s Extension to 3D Modeling and Comparison with Different Approaches
Authors: Lee Lilian L. , Förster Schreiber Natascha M. , Price Sedona H. , Liu Daizhong , Genzel Reinhard , Davies Ric , Tacconi Linda J. , Shimizu Taro T. , Nestor Shachar Amit , Espejo Salcedo Juan M. , Pastras Stavros , Wuyts Stijn , Lutz Dieter , Renzini Alvio , Übler Hannah , Herrera-Camus Rodrigo , Sternberg Amiel
Published: December 2024

Spatially resolved emission-line kinematics are invaluable for investigating fundamental galaxy properties and have become increasingly accessible for galaxies at z ≳0.5 through sensitive near-infrared imaging spectroscopy and millimeter interferometry. Kinematic modeling is at the core of the analysis and interpretation of such data sets, which at high z present challenges due to the lower signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and resolution compared to the data of local galaxies. We present and test the 3D fitting functionality of DysmalPy, examining how well it recovers the intrinsic disk rotation velocity and velocity dispersion, using a large suite of axisymmetric models, covering a range of galaxy properties and observational parameters typical of z ∼ 1−3 star-forming galaxies. We also compare DysmalPy’s recovery performance to that of two other commonly used codes, GalPak

3D and 3D
Barolo, which we use in turn to create additional sets of models to benchmark DysmalPy. Over the ranges of S/N, resolution, mass, and velocity dispersion explored, the rotation velocity is accurately recovered by all tools. The velocity dispersion is recovered well at high S/N, but the impact of methodology differences is more apparent. In particular, template differences for parametric tools and S/N sensitivity for the nonparametric tool can lead to differences of up to a factor of 2. Our tests highlight and the importance of deep, high-resolution data and the need for careful consideration of (i) the choice of priors (parametric approaches); and (ii) the masking (all approaches); and (iii), more generally, the evaluating of the suitability of each approach to the specific data at hand. This paper accompanies the public release of DysmalPy.
A Framework to Calibrate a Semianalytic Model of the First Stars and Galaxies to the Renaissance Simulations
Authors: Hazlett Ryan , Kulkarni Mihir , Visbal Eli , Wise John H.
Published: December 2024

We present a method that calibrates a semianalytic model to the Renaissance Simulations, a suite of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations with high-redshift galaxy formation. This approach combines the strengths of semianalytic techniques and hydrodynamical simulations, enabling the extension to larger volumes and lower redshifts that are inaccessible to simulations due to computational expense. Using a sample of Renaissance star formation histories from an average density region of the Universe, we construct a four-parameter prescription for metal-enriched star formation characterized by an initial bursty stage followed by a steady stage where stars are formed at constant efficiencies. Our model also includes a treatment of Pop III star formation where a minimum halo mass and log-normal distribution of stellar mass are adopted to match the numerical simulations. Star formation is generally well reproduced for halos with masses ≲109
M
⊙. Between 11 < z < 25 our model produces metal-enriched star formation rate densities (SFRDs) that typically agree with Renaissance within a factor of ∼2 for the average density region. Additionally, the total metal-enriched stellar mass only differs from Renaissance by about 10% at z ∼ 11. For regions that are either more overdense or rarefied and not included in the calibration, we produce metal-enriched SFRDs that agree with Renaissance within a factor of ∼2 at high-z but eventually differ by higher factors for later times. This is likely due to environmental dependencies not included in the model. Our star formation prescriptions can easily be adopted in other analytic or semianalytic works to match our calibration to Renaissance.
A Systematic Survey of Moon-forming Giant Impacts. II. Rotating Bodies
Authors: Meier Thomas , Reinhardt Christian , Timpe Miles , Stadel Joachim , Moore Ben
Published: December 2024

In the leading theory of lunar formation, known as the giant impact hypothesis, a collision between two planet-sized objects resulted in a young Earth surrounded by a circumplanetary debris disk from which the Moon later accreted. The range of giant impacts that could conceivably explain the Earth–Moon system is limited by the set of known physical and geochemical constraints. However, while several distinct Moon-forming impact scenarios have been proposed—from small, high-velocity impactors to low-velocity mergers between equal-mass objects—none of these scenarios have been successful at explaining the full set of known constraints, especially without invoking one or more controversial post-impact processes. Allowing for pre-impact rotation of the colliding bodies has been suggested as an avenue that may produce more promising collision outcomes. However, to date, only limited studies of pre-impact rotation have been conducted. Therefore, in this second paper of the series, we focus on pairwise impacts between rotating bodies. Using nonrotating collisions as a baseline, we systematically study the effects of rotation on collision outcomes. We consider nine distinct rotation configurations and a range of rotation rates up to the rotational stability limit. Notably, we identify a population of collisions that can produce low post-impact angular momentum (AM) budgets and massive, iron-poor protolunar disks. Furthermore, even when pre-impact rotation is included, we demonstrate that the canonical Moon-forming impact can only generate sufficiently massive protolunar disks in the presence of excessive post-impact AM budgets; this casts doubt on the canonical impact scenario.
CHANG-ES. XXXV. Cosmic Ray Transport and Magnetic Field Structure of NGC 3556 at 3 GHz
Authors: Xu Jianghui , Yang Yang , Li Jiang-Tao , Liu Guilin , Irwin Judith , Dettmar Ralf-Jürgen , Stein Michael , Wiegert Theresa , Wang Q. Daniel , English Jayanne
Published: December 2024

Radio halos of edge-on galaxies are crucial for investigating cosmic ray propagation and magnetic field structures in galactic environments. We present VLA C-configuration S-band (2–4 GHz) observations of the spiral galaxy NGC 3556, a target from the Continuum Halos in Nearby Galaxies—an EVLA Survey. We estimate the thermal contribution to the radio emission from a combination of the Hα and mid-IR data, and employ rotation measure synthesis to reveal the magnetic field structures. In our data, NGC 3556 exhibits a box-like radio halo extending nearly 7 kpc from the galactic plane. The scale height of the total S-band intensity in the halo is 1.68 ± 0.29 kpc, while that of the nonthermal intensity is 1.93 ± 0.28 kpc. Fitting the data to a 1D cosmic-ray transport model, we find advection to describe the cosmic-ray propagation within the halo better than diffusion, with advection speeds of 245 ± 15 km s−1 and 205 ± 25 km s−1 above and below the disk, respectively. The magnetic field is detected patchily across the galaxy, displaying a toroidal configuration in the rotation measure map. The mean equipartition magnetic field strength is approximately 8.3 μG in the disk and 4.5 μG in the halo. In addition, a bubble-like structure extends nearly 3 kpc into the southern halo, aligned with the polarized intensity and Hα image, suggestive of superwinds generated by recent star formation feedback in the nuclear region.
V1663 Aquilae: A Fast Fe ii-type Nova that Formed Dust and Coronal Lines
Authors: Rudy Richard J. , Russell Ray W. , Lynch David K. , Puetter R. C.
Published: December 2024

V1663 Aquilae was a rare nova that formed both dust and coronal emission lines. A spectrum from 157 days after peak brightness shows both thermal dust emission and coronal emission present at the same epoch. An earlier spectrum from 36 days post maximum captures the nova prior to the formation of either dust or high-excitation emission lines. At the earlier epoch, its emission lines arose mostly from neutral species and singly ionized iron.
Vegetation of the southern slopes of Mt. Damavand, Iran: a comprehensive phytosociological classification
Authors: Talebi Amir , Vynokurov Denys , Attar Farideh , Dengler Jürgen , Naqinezhad Alireza
Published: December 2024

Aims: To provide the first syntaxonomic scheme of the main natural and semi-natural steppic vegetation types along a 3000-m elevational gradient. Location: South-facing slopes of Mt. Damavand, Iran. Methods: A dataset of 330 phytosociological plots of 25 m2 sampled in all main vegetation types of the region was subjected to unsupervised classification with TWINSPAN. After some manual adjustments to maximise the floristic distinctness of clusters, the resulting units were translated into syntaxa at the class, order, alliance and association level. Diagnostic species were determined with phi values as measure of fidelity. The differences in abiotic and vegetation parameters among associations/communities were visualised with boxplots and the environmental gradients associated with the community differentiation via detrended correspondence analysis (DCA). Results: We found four main groups that are ecologically well interpretable and considered at the level of phytosociological classes: rocky habitats (Tanacetalia kotschyi, class unknown), scree habitats (Didymophyso aucheri-Dracocephaletea aucheri), snow-beds (Salicetea herbaceae) and grasslands (Astragalo-Brometea). We distinguished six orders, nine alliances and 18 association-level communities, which were floristically well separated. Many of these syntaxa were new to science. Elevation was the main driver of species composition and formation of the major vegetation groups. Conclusions: This study contributes to advancing the syntaxonomic understanding of the vegetation of Iran. It is particularly valuable as it covers the complete elevational gradient of 3000 m and thus also comprehensively includes the vegetation types of the lower elevations that previously had been rarely studied syntaxonomically in Iran. Furthermore, this study is the first to examine mown (semi-natural) tall herb rich grasslands in Iran, which were assigned to the new alliance Cousinion petrocauli. Since our study was based on a regionally constrained dataset, we could not solve all syntaxonomic issues conclusively. This underscores the need for more comprehensive studies of the vegetation in the entire Alborz Mts as well as other Iranian mountain ranges in the future.

Taxonomic reference: Catalogue of Life (Bánki et al. 2024).

Abbreviations: DCA = detrended correspondence analysis, ICPN = International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature (Theurillat et al. 2021), TWINSPAN = two-way indicator species analysis.
African vegetation studies: introduction to a Special Collection
Authors: Guuroh Reginald T. , Brown Leslie R. , Alvarez Miguel , Finckh Manfred , Schmiedel Ute , Tsheboeng Gaolathe , Dengler Jürgen
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This editorial introduces the Special Collection of “African Vegetation Studies”. The collection includes seven research papers from four African countries. One paper examines the impact of traditional agro-ecosystems on plant diversity in Morocco. In Benin, one research paper focuses on vegetation associations in a biosphere reserve, and another is on land cover changes on inselbergs. In Namibia, one paper provides a syntaxonomic description of the Karstveld vegetation, while another models potential vegetation changes along a south-north rainfall gradient. Two papers present research on vegetation classification and descriptions of two natural areas in South Africa, namely the Tankwa Karoo National Park and the Telperion Nature Reserve. The collection demonstrates that there are important classification studies ongoing in different parts of the continent to better understand the diversity and complexity of African vegetation. At the same time our mini-review of the current status of vegetation classification and vegetation-plot databases in Africa highlights that much work remains to be done to achieve a comprehensive and internationally consistent vegetation classification for the countries of Africa, which would be beneficial for land use management, biodiversity conservation and ecological research.

Abbreviations: EVA = European Vegetation Archive; EVS = European Vegetation Survey; GDP = Gross Domestic Product; IAVS = International Association for Vegetation Science; IAVS-AS = IAVS Regional Section for Africa; VCS = Vegetation Classification and Survey.
First record of the family Calliopiidae (Crustacea, Malacostraca, Amphipoda) from Korean waters, with description of new species Calliopius ulleungensis sp. nov.
Authors: Kim Kyung-Won , Kim Young-Hyo
Published: December 2024

A new species of the family Calliopiidae was collected from the East Sea of Korea. Calliopius ulleungensissp. nov. is similar to C. columbianus Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1997 in having numerous calceoli on the posteromedial margins of antennae and a weakly carinate body. However, the new species can be distinguished from C. columbianus by the shorter process on peduncular article 3 of antenna 1, subrectangular eyes, and fewer articles in the antenna flagellum. This species, along with C. ezoensisShimoji et al. 2020, occurs in the Western Pacific. The females of the two species are morphologically very similar, but the males of C. ezoensis are easily distinguishable, as the gnathopod 1 is larger than gnathopod 2. The new species is fully illustrated and extensively compared with related species. In this paper, both Calliopius and Calliopiidae are reported from Korea for the first time. A key to species of Calliopius is also provided.
Ce qui manque : explorer l’utilisation de photographies dans la « perlaboration » du corps de naissance avec les jeunes transgenres
Authors: Lemma Alessandra
Published: December 2024

Cet article se concentre sur la manière dont, pour certains jeunes qui s’identifient comme transgenres, l’anticipation et/ou le véritable processus de transition représente(nt) un mouvement d’éloignement de quelque chose en elleux-mêmes ressenti comme faux, douloureux, ou traumatique, et qui n’a pas encore été reconnu consciemment comme tel. Ceci devient une partie « manquante » de l’expérience du self, enfermée dans le corps. Je suggère que le processus d’identification et de restitution de la partie « manquante » exige de perlaborer le corps de naissance au sens métaphorique et littéral, au service de l’expansion du choix autonome sur la manière de trouver un lieu à soi 2 hospitalier dans le corps. M’appuyant sur les trois « faits de la vie » fondamentaux de Roger Money-Kyrle, j’en propose un quatrième, à savoir le fait inéluctable de notre corporéité, pour souligner que notre histoire personnelle inclut toujours notre histoire corporelle, d’où l’importance de perlaborer ce que le corps de naissance représente inconsciemment. Je décris l’utilisation de photographies au cours de la psychothérapie psychanalytique de jeunes ayant entrepris une transition sociale, afin de travailler sur les représentations visuelles du corps de naissance dans le but de faciliter la perlaboration, au sens psychanalytique, du récit inconscient du corps de naissance. Je suggère que le déploiement de ce mode visuel peut être particulièrement utile pour impliquer des jeunes du spectre autistique, qui représentent de nos jours une minorité significative des jeunes transgenres.