bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal control problem for the BCF model describing crystal surface growth
Authors: Zhao Xiaopeng , Cao Jinde
Published: July 2019

In this paper, for the BCF model describing crystal surface growth, the optimal control problem is considered, the existence of optimal solution is proved and the optimality system is established.
Finite-time generalized synchronization of nonidentical delayed chaotic systems
Authors: Bao Haibo , Cao Jinde
Published: July 2019

This paper deals with the finite-time generalized synchronization (GS) problem of drive-response systems. The main purpose of this paper is to design suitable controllers to force the drive-response system realize GS in a finite time. Based on the finite-time stability theory and nonlinear control theory, sufficient conditions are derived that guarantee finite-time GS. This paper extends some basic results from generalized synchronization to delayed systems. Because finite-time GS means the optimality in convergence time and has better robustness, the results in this paper are important. Numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed control techniques.
Stochastic analysis of a prey–predator model with herd behaviour of prey
Authors: Bera Shyam Pada Pada , Maiti Alakes , Samanta Guruprasad
Published: July 2019

In nature, a number of populations live in groups. As a result when predators attack such a population the interaction occur only at the outer surface of the herd. Again, every model in biology, being concerned with a subsystem of the real world, should include the effect of random fluctuating environment. In this paper, we study a prey–predator model in deterministic and stochastic environment. The social activity of the prey population has been incorporated by using the square root of prey density in the functional response. A brief analysis of the deterministic model including the stability of equilibrium points is presented. In random environment, the birth rate of prey species and death rate of predator species are perturbed by Gaussian white noises. We have used the method of statistical linearization to study the stability and non-equilibrium fluctuation of the populations in stochastic model. Numerical computations carried out to illustrate the analytical findings. The biological implications of analytical and numerical findings are discussed critically.
Optimal control of nonlinear systems with input constraints using linear time varying approximations
Authors: Itik Mehmet
Published: July 2019

We propose a new method to solve input constrained optimal control problems for autonomous nonlinear systems affine in control. We then extend the method to compute the bang-bang control solutions under the symmetric control constraints. The most attractive aspect of the proposed technique is that it enables the use of linear quadratic control theory on the input constrained linear and nonlinear systems. We illustrate the effectiveness of our technique both on linear and nonlinear examples and compare our results with those of the literature.
α-admissible Prešić type operators and fixed points
Authors: Shukla Satish , Shahzad Naseer
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we introduce α-admissible mappings on product spaces and obtain fixed point results for α-admissible Prešić type operators. Our results extend, unify and generalize some known results of the literature. We also provide examples which illustrate the results proved herein and show that how the new results are different from the existing ones.
Guarantee in Islamic Law Perspectives: A Theoretical discussion of Fiqh Al-Muqārin/Madhāhib Comparison
Authors: Muhajirin Muhajirin
Published: July 2019

Guarantee in Islamic Law Perspectives: Guarantee is a system that usually comes in the selling of automotive or electronics product, including others. The reason for this guarantee application for producer is basically to increase the selling rate of one product. While for the consumers this is a form of protection to the item they have purchased. There is indeed a mutualism relationship in this practice. The discussion of the application of guarantee in an Islam Law of trade practice is still being argued whether it is legal or not among the scholars. This happens because of the differences of foundation they use in establishing the legality of guarantee in Islam trade. The definition of guarantee in Indonesia state Law can be found in verse 1316 of Law Book, which is: guarantee is an enclose later from a product saying that the producers ensure a  particular product from any worker mistakes and material failure during certain time. The result of this research is the enclosing of Guarantee given in trade as a promise between seller and buyer to ensure the satisfaction of the buyer. The consequence would be to replace the item by justifying its damage.
Bargaining Mechanism in Islamic Economic System
Authors: Fikri Yudistia Teguh Ali
Published: July 2019

This article discusses the concept of bargaining position in the Islamic economic system. By using a literature study, this article finds a narrative that bargaining positions occur in goods or services. The conclusion are: bargaining must be carried out by more than one person. So, there are at least two people who transact (sellers and buyers). If there is only one person, the bargaining position certainly cannot happen. Examples of the many bargaining that occur are on the market. In a sale and purchase, those with higher bargaining rights are buyers. Whereas the seller will compensate the buyer for positive bargaining. Bidding is goods or services offered at a certain amount and price level and under certain conditions. There is also an offer in the Islamic economy that distinguishes it from conventional offers, that the goods or services offered must be transparent and specified in their specifications, how the condition of the goods, what are the advantages and disadvantages of the goods. The offer made does not harm the party submitting the request; and vice versa.
Islamic Law Review on The Determination of Surrogate Heirs
Authors: Utama Sofyan Mei
Published: July 2019

The surrogate heirs position on  Islamic laws in indonesia reflects a justice form in the  inheritance distribution, and constitutes a relief to the inheritors of inheritance, which is called the pre-empitiv policy ie, in the  testator life by distributing his property to the heirs or heirs  substitute. In accordance with the objectives of Islamic law (maqashid al-syari'ah) is intended for the benefit of the ummah and the theorem of Al-Maslahah Al-Mursalah which is necessary for caution, avoid following harmful lusts. Then the problem is: What was underlies  the surrogate heirs position in Islamic law and how it relates to the Maslahah Mursalah's theory in Islamic law. The result of the research shows that, the substitute heirs position in Islamic law is based on the Article 185; Islamic Law Compilation in Indonesia by adhering to the principle of monotheism, an obedience to God's rule by not forgetting Iltihad. And the relationship with Maslahah Mursalah theory which is tied to Tawheed is the basis of this theory, ie : seeking the benefit for Allah SWT. there are benefits that are covered in the objectives of syara, so regarding to the surrogate heirs is done by giving priority to the benefit
Character Education Relation with Spiritual Intelligence in Islamic Education Perspective
Authors: Rohana Etep
Published: July 2019

This article tries to discuss about character education building in an Islamic education perspective. It is education that forms superior character and human character in terms of intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence. The totality of these three bits of intelligence will shape humans. This article is written using a sociological approach with a descriptive type. The method used is library research. The findings obtained indicate that the concept of character education in Indonesia is education that emphasizes great values originating from Indonesian national culture in the context of fostering the personality of the young generation which includes three aspects, namely moral knowledge, moral attitude, and ethical behavior (decent acting). It is following the objectives of Islamic education, which provides for three physical, spiritual, and reason aspects. Therefore, building complete human resources, in essence, is the development of character and superior human character from the intellectual, emotional, and spiritual side that can actualize the dimensions of intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence holistically in the life.
Policy Analysis for the Operation of Cianjur State Community Academy
Authors: Karmila Wati
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine the suitability of the study program at the Community Academy for the potential of the region and to know the interest of secondary school graduates continuing to the Community Academy. The research method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The data and information in this study were collected through Focuss Group Discussion (FGD) and questionnaires. The conclusion in this study is that the Community Academy study program in the city of cianjur is still not in accordance with regional potential, because the study program only represents the needs of the workforce in general and the Cianjur City Community Academy gets considerable interest from secondary school graduates.
Integrasi Sosial Masyarakat Berbeda Ormas Islam di Perdesaan Bandung
Authors: Kurniati Aneu Lita , Rahman M. Taufiq
Published: July 2019

Pemahaman keagamaan yang berbeda menciptakan kelompok keagamaan tertentu. Pemahaman keagamaan merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku sosial keagamaan masyarakat. Perilaku sosial dan perilaku keagamaan orang PERSIS dan NU dipengaruhi oleh pemahaman keagamaan masing-masing organisasi tersebut. Namun meskipun jamaah kedua organisasi ini mempunyai perbedaan mengenai permahaman keagamaan, namun interaksi sosial yang terjalin di antara mereka dapat dikatakan berjalan dengan baik. Hal tersebut dikarenakan mereka terintegrasi dalam struktur sosial masyarakat.Adapun implikasi teori terhadap realitas sosial di masyarakat dapat dijelaskan oleh beberapa pendekatan, yang pertama pendekatan humanistic yang implementasinya terlihat dalam menjabarkan faktor internal yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya perilaku sosial orang PERSIS dan NU. Kemudian perilaku sosial yang nampak di lingkungan sosial ini berelevansi dengan pendekatan behavioristik, dan yang terakhir adalah pendekatan kognitif  yang berimplementasi terhadap pengaruh stimulus (faktor eksternal) yang membentuk sebuah perilaku baru yang ada di masyarakat.
HUBUNGAN RAJA DENGAN RAKYAT DALAM KOHESI SOSIAL MELAYU ISLAM
Authors: Ali Wan Zailan Kamaruddin
Published: July 2019

In the context of the Malay world, Islam and the Malays are not inseparable. Islam is the "a-gama", "a way of life," "system and way of life" or more precisely, "al-Din" and Malay are also race and adherents. It seems that Islam is strong and strengthening the Malays, while Malays are strong and strengthened with Islam. In the context of Taj al-Salatin, the issue of leadership (al-Imamah wa al-Khilafah) or the issue of the rulers (al-Ra 'i wa al-Ra'iyyah) was seriously debated. Is it in parallel with the Qur'an and al-Hadith, and fulfilling the reference and the framework of Islamic political thought is interesting to study. Apparently, it also presents examples from non-Islamic sources that certainly invite controversy. Collected data is analyzed in a comparative basis based on qualitative methods. The main objective of this article will be on leadership issues, the rulership of the people (al-ra'i wa al-ra'iyyah) from the perspective of Islamic Political Thoughts with the results hoped to help Islamic politics and Malay politics to go along and align to fulfill and realize Islam as "Din al-Hayat" and Malay as one of the ummah of "umam muslimah" who became his supporters and supporters to achieve his excellence and glory not only in the context of the Malay World and the Islamic World.
PERKEMBANGAN ISLAM DI TENGAH FENOMENA ISLAMOFOBIA DI JERMAN
Authors: Wildan Muhammad
Published: July 2019

Although Islam in Europe is not a new phenomenon, Muslims in Germany are still quite remarkable to study. The dynamic of Muslims both internally and externally is the most interesting thing. Internally, Muslims in Germany who are coming from many different ethnics and races in Asia and Africa is a such a big challenge for Muslims to unite and integrate. Externally, Islam which is historically not a “homegrown” religion in Europe is facing such a big challenge to adjust to such a “new” circumstances. Judeo-Christian has long been the cultural tradition of Germans and Europeans in general. The influx of a number of Muslims from some conflict areas in the Middle East and Africa recently adds another notable phenomenon. This article is trying to portray the development of Islam and Muslims in Germany and the way how they mingle with German counterparts along with the growing of islamophobia in the country. Eventually, this article will also observe some resistance of Muslims in the form of radicalism in the country and their efforts to integrate into Western society.
MODERATISME HUKUM SEBAGAI FONDASI MASYARAKAT ISLAM
Authors: Mutaqin Zaenal , Ahmad Ridzwan
Published: July 2019

This study is a discussion on the concept of moderate (wasatiyyah) in Islamic law from the perspective of Yusuf al-Qaradawi. It aims to provide an understanding of the concept of wasatiyyah in the face of two extreme streams: modernism and liberalism. The concept of wasatiyyah is characterized by ijtihad based on maqasid (the goals of Law), integration between shari'a, simple view, performing fiqh al-waqi ', dialogue (hiwar) and tolerance. While the basis of its application is based on ijtihad maqasidi, understanding the text within the framework of the current situation, distinguishing between eternal maqasid and changing wasilah, adjusting the qat'i and zhanni, distinguishing the meaning between mu'amalah (custom) and excess in worship (ifrat) and neglect (tafrit). The correct understanding and implementation of the comprehensive wasatiyyah concept will prove that Islam is a religion that brings tranquility and happiness to all human beings on earth based on rahmatan li al-'alamin. This study found that Yusuf al-Qaradawi wasatiyyah thought was based on the goal of Islamic Law (maqasid al-syari’ah). It is precisely the practice of wasatiyyah to be in line with the maqasid al-syari’ah in the framework of making Islamic shari'ah a solution to the problems of the umma.
CHARACTER EDUCATION OF OPENNESS IN REGIONAL REPRESENTATIVE BODY OF WEST JAVA
Authors: Rizal Edwin , Sjoraida Diah Fatma , Anwar Rully Khairul
Published: July 2019

Artikel ini menganalisis implementasi UU No. 14/2008 tentang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik (KIP; Keterbukaan Informasi Publik) dari Badan Perwakilan Daerah Provinsi Jawa Barat (DPRD; Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah). Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini menyajikan diskusi tentang pendidikan karakter dalam implementasi kebijakan tersebut di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Dengan teori implementasi kebijakan dan pendidikan karakter, diperoleh temuan bahwa elemen pendidikan karakter dalam implementasi kebijakan informasi publik di DPRD Jawa Barat cukup tebal dan efektif. Karena itu harus memasyarakatkan implementasi UU di Jawa Barat. Ditemukan juga bahwa unsur-unsur pendidikan DPRD provinsi Jawa Barat dalam implementasi undang-undang ini dengan mendapat penilaian yang cukup baik di masyarakat. Namun demikian, kurangnya publisitas tentang UU KIP ini dapat mengurangi kekuatan pesan moral yang terkandung dalam UU kepada publik, yaitu tentang keterbukaan.
The physical immortalist and the guru who died
Authors: Christof Dada Catharine
Published: July 2019

Most of the Western world’s first introduction to Babaji was through Paramahansa Yogananda’s classic Autobiography of a Yogi, where Babaji is lovingly described as the satguru who can bestow all gifts on anyone who calls his name sincerely. Those who did call his name sincerely included Leonard Orr, the originator of rebirthing therapeutic work, and of the practice known as physical immortality. According to Orr, Haidakhan Babaji was an immortal being who had lived for over 9000 years. In the late 1970s and early 1980s Orr revisioned his emerging therapeutic work, suggesting that Haidakhan Babaji should become the satguru (supreme teacher) for all Westerners who wish to remain immortal in their current physical bodies. Orr was at the forefront of a new therapy – with a growing international presence garnering interest and acclaim within the New Age movement. But on 15 February 1984 the inconceivable happened: the immortal Haidakhan Babaji died of a heart attack. This article examines how meaning was reframed and recreated subsequent to the death of the guru, to whom all the freedoms that physical immortality could provide were ascribed. Fallout for Orr included not only the grief of losing his beloved teacher, but also the possibility of losing the bedrock of the belief system which he had already publicly espoused and internationally promoted.
Religion as embodied taste
Authors: Zeller Benjamin E.
Published: July 2019

This article offers a model of conceptualising religion as taste. Using religion and food as a point of entry, it demonstrates how modelling religion as taste permits attention to such concepts as embodiedness, the place of the senses within religious experience, the relation of memory to experience, and the mediation of culture. I draw on the cognitive and biological science of taste, and argue that religion functions analogously to this sense, experienced through the brain, body, and mind. The article uses the intersection of religion and food, and religion and visual taste, to develop the theme of how culturally conditioned tastes emerge out of embodied experiences, with reference to memories, past experiences, and collective worldviews.
Let’s get physical
Authors: Ellis Thomas
Published: July 2019

The consensus in philosophical and scientific circles is that physicalism is the most warranted position to adopt. With respect to the academic study of religion, physicalism underwrites two complementary approaches, one widely recognized and the other underappreciated in the field at large. While the cognitive science of religion (CSR) enjoys widespread recognition, the ethology of religion does not. This paper employs ethology to explain two submissive behaviours ritual practitioners often perform, that is, ocular aversion and rump presentation. Significantly, the means of submission reflect the practitioner’s perceptions of the intimidating agents’, e.g., deities’, organ of intimidation. As it is in the animal kingdom, so too in the religious imagination, dominant others, especially males, will use their eyes or their phalluses to intimidate.
Purity, Body, and Self in Early Rabbinic Literature By M. Balberg
Authors: Schofer Jonathan
Published: July 2019

Purity, Body, and Self in Early Rabbinic Literature By M. Balberg (2014) Berkeley: University of California Press, 265pp.
Incorruptible Bodies: Christology, Society, and Authority in Late Antiquity By Y. Moss
Authors: Wickes Jeffrey
Published: July 2019

Incorruptible Bodies: Christology, Society, and Authority in Late Antiquity By Y. Moss (2016) Berkeley: University of California Press, 264pp.
The taste of religion in the Roman world
Authors: Kamash Zena
Published: July 2019

As well as providing an overview of taste and mainstream Roman religion through sacrifice and feasting, this article highlights some of the specific tastes, and possible menus, of Roman religion. I explore how archaeologists can use the evidence from plant remains, animal bones and objects, such as ceramics, to explore taste. I look at what evidence we have for the main taste groups: sweet, salty, bitter and sour. Case studies are drawn from the northwestern provinces and the Middle East with a focus on Mithraism and the worship of Mercury. I draw out how religious tastes differed from everyday life, and how these differed from god to god and from god to human in an effort to answer the question: what did Roman religion taste like?
Candomblé’s eating myths
Authors: Rodrigues de Souza Patricia
Published: July 2019

All religions have particular relationships with food. Either through fasts, interdictions, sacred foods, banquets or rituals involving food, religious values can be represented, expressed and reinforced through taste. Some religions, such as African Brazilian Candomblé, have food systems as complex as a language. Each of its deities has a favorite food, prepared according to strict rules, similar to a grammar. A slight modification of the ingredients or of the way of preparing a food offering could change its meaning and cause unexpected, undesirable effects. In Candomblé there is no ritual without food. Depending on the goal, food is served to the deities but also shared with mortals, or only to mortals but representing the deities, and sometimes foods are not eaten at all but are one element of cures, being passed over a person, e.g. in the popcorn bath discussed here.
O programa de aprimoramento profissional em psicologia na perspectiva do egresso
Authors: Dutra Pereira Evelyn Francine , Pereira Padovani Flavia Helena
Published: July 2019

Os Programas de Aprimoramento Profissional foram criados na década de setenta, e tem seu valor reconhecido como formação de pós-graduação na modalidade latu sensu dentro do território do estado de São Paulo. O presente estudo teve por objetivo identificar o impacto dos Programas de Aprimoramento Profissional na formação e exercício profissional do psicólogo, especialmente na área da saúde, de acordo com a percepção dos egressos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, de abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Grande parte dos egressos (93,1%) encontra-se inserida no mercado de trabalho, atuando como psicólogo. As atividades práticas foram melhores avaliadas do que as atividades teóricas. Conclui-se, com o presente estudo, que a realização do Programa de Aprimoramento Profissional possibilitou o aperfeiçoamento e a capacitação do profissional para atuação qualificada e diferenciada na área da saúde. Por fim, cabe ressaltar, a necessidade de adequação dos Programas de Aprimoramento às novas demandas em saúde.
Cluster approach to organization of special economic zones in Russia and Kazakhstan
Authors: Turgel Irina D. , Bozhko Larisa G. , Zinovyeva Ekaterina G.
Published: July 2019

The article aims to study the theoretical and empirical foundations of combining free economic zones with industrial clusters. The theoretical foundation is provided by the concept of a cumulative and circular process and the theory of ‘new economic geography’. The empirical part deals with the creation of cluster-type economic zones in Russia and Kazakhstan. The symbiosis of special economic zones (SEZs) and clusters is expected to enhance export potential and act as a powerful catalyst for national innovative development. Establishment of clusters within the framework of the existing SEZs can bring to these zones highly efficient projects for manufacturing export-oriented products. Methodologically, the research relies on systemic and structural-functional approaches, the logical method and the method of formalization as well as on the comparative and grouping methods applied to analyze SEZs. The study also provides a general overview of the SEZs and clusters operating in Russia and Kazakhstan and indicates their main types and characteristics. The practical significance of this research is that its findings can be used to devise recommendations for improving economic performance of both countries, attracting new technologies and investments and addressing social and economic problems of the regions.
In/exclusão escolar: a invenção de tipos específicos de alunos
Authors: Corcini Lopes Maura
Published: July 2019

Este trabalho apresenta, analisa e discute os dados de 371 pareceres pedagógicos e 105 entrevistas com professores sobre como eles posicionam os alunos que apresentam dificuldade de aprendizagem . Entre tais alunos, observouse que é feita uma distinção entre aqueles considerados alunos problemas  e os considerados alunos com deficiência . Entre os alunos problema, estão os que possuem diagnóstico médico de Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) ou que, segundo os professores, têm os sintomas desse transtorno e os que apresentam problemas de aprendizagem. Entre os alunos com deficiência, estão os que apresentam deficiência sensorial, cognitiva ou física. Todos eles são posicionados pelos professores como alunos de inclusão . As posições de aluno problema , aluno com deficiência  e de aluno de inclusão,  são construídas a partir de fronteiras imaginárias que separam o aprendente do não-aprendente, o aluno médio do aluno insuficiente, a corrigibilidade da incorrigibilidade, o incluído do excluído, etc. Problematizando esses enunciados e outras questões que se relacionam ao tema inclusão escolar , o trabalho traz alguns excertos dos materiais da pesquisa para dar materialidade à idéia de invenção de tipos específicos de alunos e de posições necessárias ocupadas por eles no currículo escolar.
PCR screening for lagovirus recombinants (Rec2PCR) v1
Authors: Hall Robyn , Huang Nina
Published: July 2019

This protocol amplifies a PCR fragment spanning the most common recombination breakpoint of rabbit caliciviruses, the RdRp/VP60 junction. This enables screening of RHD-positive field samples for recombinants in a high-throughput format. These amplicons can either be Sanger sequenced or amplicon sequenced on MiSeq. This assay amplifies all known pathogenic lagovirus variants currently circulating in Australia, namely GI.1, GI.2, GI.1a-K5, GI.1a-Aus, GI.4eP/GI.2, and GI.1a-AusP/GI.2.
Spot-bleaching of a handful of C. elegans nematode worms v2
Authors: Riccio Cristian
Published: July 2019

This protocol describes the spot-bleaching of C. elegans
Os conteúdos de educação física: uma análise dos relatórios de estágio supervisionado
Authors: Silva Aline Rodrigues Guedes da , Souza Vivian Mendes de , Levandoski Gustavo
Published: July 2019

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a frequência dos conteúdos de Educação Física nos relatórios de Estágio Supervisionado. A pesquisa é caracterizada como documental e exploratória, de caráter quali-quantitativo, realizada com 66 relatórios de Estágio do Ensino Fundamental e Ensino Médio de acadêmicos concluintes no ano de 2016 de uma Universidade Federal. O conteúdo mais desenvolvido no estágio das séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental consistiu em atividades recreativas (32,3%), já no estágio das séries finais do Ensino Fundamental e no Ensino Médio, foi a modalidade esportiva de voleibol (22% e 38% respectivamente). Concluímos que os acadêmicos se mostraram criativos ao desenvolver os planejamentos das aulas, considerando as dificuldades em encontrar nas escolas públicas materiais específicos e local apropriado para a prática esportiva.
Análisis multidimensional del aprendizaje de lengua extranjera en eSports
Authors: Postigo Fuentes Ana Yara , Fernández Navas Manuel
Published: July 2019

El peso que ha adquirido la industria de los videojuegos en diferentes países y la posibilidad de jugar a estos videojuegos en línea han permitido que jugadores españoles se comuniquen con jugadores de otros orígenes que hablen una lengua diferente a la de ellos. En este estudio de caso, hemos querido analizar qué se aprende en cuanto a una segunda lengua extranjera cuando se juega a videojuegos. Para ello se han llevado a cabo observación sistemática y análisis de los discursos en partidas, entrevistas a jugadores y evaluación de destrezas. Los resultados obtenidos se han puesto en relación con la escala descriptiva que ofrece el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia de las Lenguas (MCERL).
ACTIVITY OF PREFIX ANTI- IN THE NEOLOGIZATION PROCESSES OF CONTEMPORARY FRENCH
Authors:   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ukraine, Kosovych Оlga
Published: July 2019

The article deals with the issues of the productiveness of prefix anti- in contemporary French, revealing the semantic meanings of prefix anti- in different contexts.
FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF PERSONAL-PRONOMINAL WORDS OF SPANISH DISCOURSE IN THE COGNITIVE ASPECT ON THE EXAMPLE OF CONSTRUCTION YO CREO
Authors:   Evgeniy Bereznyak Military-Diplomatic Academy, Kyiv, Ukraine, Lomakina Irina
Published: July 2019

The article deals with the semantic-grammatical construction (Yo) creo, I think, which is used to form the context of evidence and reliability under a certain assumption. The use of the subject, personal-pronominal word of the first person уo, is associated with the contexts of argumentation and the desire to express one's own opinion, and that is why this option focuses on the presence of the speaker, and also concentrates discourse on the personal sphere. On the other hand, the omission of the subject in such a context is more often encountered in cases of the lack of confidence, formulating a hypothesis with assumptions which are usually found in the field of the generalized. But precisely this sociolinguistic variability can also depend on certain cognitive factors. From the cognitive point of view, the verb form сreo has a basic invariant content, although, depending on the context, it can acquire a variety of shades and interpretations. In all studied cases of use the investigated form is characterized by a certain conceptual content: the speaker expresses a part of his knowledge of reality or what is his assumption of reality beyond his knowledge. And vice versa, should be emphasized that there are significant differences at the semantic level between the constructions creo / yo creo. The use or omission of the subject in the investigated statements is not casual, because it correlates with the semantics of the discourse-cognitive nature and can be an important stylistic resource of communication. These semantics can be positioned in an abstract form between the subjectivity and the objectivity of the linguistic statement.
GENDER MARKERS AS A DOMINANT FEATURE OF AMELIE NOTHOMB’S STYLE (based on the novel “The Character of Rain”)
Authors:   Kyiv National Linguistic University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Myronova Natalia
Published: July 2019

The article explores the individual-author's style of Amélie Nothomb, namely, giving analysis of gender markers of the novel by a Belgian French-speaking writer.
CONTACT BETWEEN DIALECTS AND THE ITALIAN LITERARY LANGUAGE AT THE CONTEMPORARY STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE LANGUAGE SYSTEM OF ITALY
Authors:   Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University, Odesa, Ukraine, Rayevska Iryna
Published: July 2019

The article focuses on the study and analysis of the linguistic situation in modern Italy and the process of interference and interaction between dialects and the literary Italian language and vice versa. Complex coexistence of the literary Italian language and Italian dialects is described taking into consideration different extralinguistic factors such as historic, social and cultural development that cause the changes and influence the development of the linguistic situation in the country.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SYNTACTIC SEPARATION IN THE LITERATURE OF FRENCH SURREALISM (linguistic and cultural aspects of research)
Authors:   Lesya Ukrainka Eastern-European National University, Lutsk, Ukraine, Stanislav Olga
Published: July 2019

The article deals with the problem of such kind of syntactic connection as separation, which is characteristic of the artistic language of modern French literature, surrealistic in particular. The analysis showed that in texts of the surrealistic direction of the technique of "automatic" writing, the effect of the "unexpected" creates the compositional chaos of the works, their structurally unsystematic pattern, a kind of paste-up, illogicality and subjectivism of the authors' associations. It was established that the basic principles of artistic surrealism in the syntax of the modern French language were expressed through the use of the irrational connection of words, sentences, the text as a whole, the violation of the syntactic hierarchy, proportions, structural syntactic segmentation, separation.
CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SEMANTIC PARADIGMS OF THE BRITISH AND AMERICAN SPACE NOMINATIONS
Authors:   Kyiv National Linguistic University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tkachenko Natalia
Published: July 2019

The article provides a contrastive analysis of the semantic paradigms – thematical groups and semantic series of the British and American cultural linguistic space representations. The aim of the article is to select the thematical groups with the highest territorial and functional variativity linked to the problem of developing functional semantics in both compared variants of English. The contrastive analysis of the thematical groups of the British and American nominations of natural spaces reveals the highest development of functional semantics in the names of valleys and water spaces; the highest territorial and functional semantic variativity is observed in the names of artificial spaces, for example, those of communications. Thematical group reducing takes place in the process of space names desemantization, and their increasing is typical of lexico-semantic variants of other thematical groups, borrowings and homonyms, the words of different functional styles of English.
“SLUZHBOVTSI” (OFFICIALS) IN THE 1920-30’s UKRAINIAN LITERARY TRANSLATIONS (based on the abridged and free translations by E. Zbars’ka)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Vasylyeva N.
Published: July 2019

The article pioneers introduction of the noun “sluzhba” (job, service) and its derivative “sluzhbovets’” (an official) into the free and abridged translations by E.Zbars’ka of James Oliver Curwood’s works “Kazan” and “Baree, son of Kazan”. The noun “sluzhba” is introduced into the translation by means of paraphrase, its derivative “sluzhbovets’” is introduced into the translation by means of translation transformation of concretization. The introduction of the noun “sluzhba” into the translations by E.Zbars’ka of James Oliver Curwood’s works could be caused by some peculiarities of E.Zbars’ka individual translating style. Also it could be caused by the then tendency for the domestication of translations, which, in its turn, might be caused by the then so called “iron curtain”. The usage of the noun “sluzhba” and the derivatives in the works of the then translated literature (free and abridged translations by E.Zbars’ka) is being compared to the usage of the noun “sluzhba” and its derivatives in the works of the then national literature (the works of Valeriyan Pidmohylnyi, Mike Yohansen and Mikhail Zoshchenko). An attempt is being made to explain the introduction of the noun “sluzhbovets’” into E.Zbars’ka’s translation by the then professional and social composition of the population in the country of the source language. Also an attempt is being made to explain the usage of the noun “sluzhba” and its derivatives in the works of the then translated literature as well as in the works of the then national literature from the point of view of literary polysystem theory by Itamar Even-Zohar. Prospects for research are to continue the study of the 1920-30’s Ukrainian translation heritage, namely the study of Ukrainian literary free and abridged translations of the 1920-30’s, the study of their similarities and of their connection with the then Ukrainian national literature.
Sunspot magnetic fields in 24 cycle of solar activity
Authors: Lozitska N.
Published: July 2019

The data of visual measurements of the magnetic field in sunspots umbra, obtained in four observatories during 24 cycles of solar activity, are compared. Magnetic field strength modules with averaging over each observatory are analyzed. The measurements taken in the Astronomical Observatory of the University of Kyiv (KAO) were used as base, where 170 spots were measured on average 4 times each at intervals of one to two daysduring the group passing through the solar disk. Measurements of the Ural, Crimean and Mount Wilson Observatory, performed within 24 hours of observation in the KAO, are used in the study. It was found that the average value of the magnetic field per cycle, obtained from the data of three observatories UrAO, CrAO and KAO, was 26.0 ± 0.3, 25.0 ± 0.2 and 25.2 ± 0.2 cT, respectively. They differ by no more than 3 standard errors, while the Mount Wilson Observatory gives a significantly lower magnetic field – 23.8 ± 0.1 cT. This result is confirmed by the work of R. Rezaei et al., 2015, which compares the visual measurements in Mount Wilson with Tenerife Infrared Polarimeter (TIP) and Facility InfRared Spectropolarimeter (FIRS) for the 23rd and 24th cycle of solar activity. The average magnetic field value for observations of TIP and FIRS in 24 cycles is 26.0 cT, which is slightly higher than we obtained from the visual observations of three observatories, while MtW shows a few centitesla less. The mean square error of the average per cycle of the magnetic field, based on the data of TIP and FIRS is 0.2 cT, so the difference with the MtW is reliable. An understatement of the measured intensity of the magnetic field of the spots requires a revision of the measurement calibration in Mount Wilson. The data of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory can be considered reference for subsequent comparisons with the results of observations of other observatories. For the calculation of the annual index Bsp of magnetic fields of sunspot size 22-44 Mm, the data of visual measurements of all 4 observatories are traditionally used. We have found that variations in the magnetic field of sunspots are the same as in previous cycles: the peak occurs in the second-third years after the maximum number of spots. The average for the 24 cycle Bsp index is 24.9 ± 0.3 сT, which allows us to consider this magnetic cycle as moderately strong. Reduction of the sunspots magnetic field in 2018 to 23 cT allows it to expect in 2019 the highest near-ground level of galactic cosmic rays in the last half century.
Reversal of Sun’s polar magnetic field in solar cycle
Authors: Pishkalo M.
Published: July 2019

The connection of solar activity expressed by international sunspot (Wolf) numbers in the northern and southern hemispheres of the Sun in the current 24th cycle with the time of polar magnetic field reversal in the corresponding hemisphere is investigated. It was obtained that: – The change of the sign of the polar magnetic field at the southern pole occurs almost a year later than in the north. – The polar magnetic field reversals do not coincide with the maximum activity in each of the hemispheres. In the northern hemisphere, the activity maximum was observed almost one and a half years earlier than the first polar field reversal and two and a half years earlier than the third or final one. In the southern hemisphere, the activity maximum was observed almost a year earlier from the change of the field sign at the pole. – The maximum of the 24th cycle almost coincides with the time of the change of the sign of the magnetic field at the northern pole. – In each of the hemispheres, the change in the sign of a magnetic field in the polar zone above 55 degrees occurred almost two years earlier than the final polar field reversal. The second and third changes of the sign of the total field in the polar zone above 55 degrees occurred shortly after the corresponding polar field reversal. – In the northern hemisphere, the polar field reversals occur at the time of maximum values of the inclination of the heliospheric current sheet, and in the south – almost two years after the maximum inclination of the HCS. – Three-fold polar field reversal at the northern pole occurs at small values of polar magnetic field measured at the Wilcox Solar Observatory while single reversal at the southern pole occurs at sufficiently high value of the corresponding measured polar field.
Measurements of spatially unresolved magnetic fields of mixed polarity using observations of the Zeeman effect in the solar faculae
Authors: Lozitsky V.
Published: July 2019

It is shown that it is quite possible to measure spatially unresolved magnetic fields of mixed polarity by the Zeeman effect if their intensity exceeds 150-200 G. This means that one can interconnect the ranges of the registration of these fields based on the Hanle and Zeeman effects. This thesis is illustrated by the results of calculations of the half-width of the Stokes profile I for the FeI 5247.1 and 5250.2 lines. Parameter I is sensitive to the presence of magnetic fields, regardless of whether they have the same magnetic polarity within the input aperture of the instrument, or the opposite one. According to the calculations, if the accuracy of the measurement of the half-width ratio of these two lines is increased to 0.5 %, then it is possible to measure the magnetic fields from 70-100 G. On the basis of the proposed method, an estimate of the intensity of the magnetic fields of mixed polarity in a solar faculae in the tail part of the active region NOAA 1809 was made, which on the day of observations, August 6, 2013, was located not far from the Sun’s disc center. The Echelle Zeeman-spectrogram of this region was obtained on the Horizontal Solar Telescope of Astronomical Observatory of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The magnetic field in the faculae was measured in two ways: by shift of of the “center of gravity”of the profiles of the FeI 5247.1 and FeI 5250.2 Ǻ lines in the I + V i I – V spectra and also by the half-width ratio of the profiles I of these lines. The first method allows to measure the effective magnetic field Beff, which turned out to be 280 G by FeI 5250.2 and 360 G by FeI 5247.1. The corresponding ratio Beff (5247.1) / Beff (5250.2) ≈ 1.3 indicates the existence of the sub-telescopic flux tubes with kilogauss fields. However, the ratio of the half-width of the Stokes I profiles of these two lines is 1.08, which corresponds to the magnetic field ± 650 G, if magnetic field is purely longitudinal. Based on the analysis of these data as well as the results of other studies, one can conclude that in the investigated faculae there were probably three magnetic field field components: the fluxtubes with kG field Bfluxtube, the areas of background field Bbackgr of regular magnetic polarity, and the areas of subtelescopic fields Bmixpol of mixed magnetic polarity. In absolute value the magnetic flux of tangled mixed-polarity field exceeds the flux of entire regular field with the intensities of Bfluxtube and Bbackgr at least 2-fold.
Constraints of Crustal Heterogeneity and Q(f) from Regional (<4  Hz) Wave Propagation for the 2009 North Korea Nuclear Test
Authors: Olsen Kim B. , Begnaud Michael , Phillips Scott , Jacobsen Bo Holm
Published: July 2019

We carried out 3D finite‐difference (FD) simulations (<4  Hz) of regional wave propagation for the 2009 North Korea nuclear explosion and compared the synthetics with instrument‐corrected records at stations INCN and TJN in South Korea. The source is an isotropic explosion with a moment magnitude of 4.1. Synthetics computed in the relatively smooth Sandia/Los Alamos National Laboratory SALSA3D (SAndia LoS Alamos 3D) velocity model significantly overpredict Rayleigh‐wave amplitudes by more than an order of magnitude while underpredicting coda amplitudes. The addition to SALSA3D of a von Karman distribution of small‐scale heterogeneities with correlation lengths of ∼1000  m, a Hurst number of 0.1, and a horizontal‐to‐vertical anisotropy of ∼5 produces synthetics in general agreement with the data. The best fits are obtained from models with a gradient in the strength of the velocity and density perturbations and strong scattering (10%) limited to the top 7.5–10 km of the crust. Deeper scattering tends to decrease the initial P‐wave amplitudes to levels much below those for the data, a critical result for methods discriminating between explosive and earthquake sources. In particular, the amplitude at the onset of Pn can be affected by as little as 2% small‐scale heterogeneity in the lower crust and upper mantle. Simulations including a constant Q of 200 (INCN) to 350 (TJN) below 1 Hz and a power‐law Q(f) formulation at higher frequencies, with an exponent of 0.3, generate synthetics in best agreement with the data. In our simulations, very limited scattering contribution from the near‐source area accumulates along the regional path.
Motion at an Explosive Source as Deduced From Surface Waves
Authors: Kisslinger Carl
Published: July 2019

The history of events occurring near the source following a small explosion has been deduced from the Rayleigh waves recorded at two distances. The Fourier analysis method developed by Sato, and Lamb’s solution for the displacement on a half-space have been employed in two distinct approaches to this problem. The displacement history from the first approach shows an essentially rectilinear vibration of the earth partiele, following the initial compression. The second technique yields the vertical point force equivalent to the explosion. The vertical acceleration at the source from the first method agrees fairly well in general form with the force found in the second.

Information about the phase velocities and the initial phases of the constituent frequency components is a valuable by product of the Fourier analysis technique.
Gravity Studies of Earthquake-Related Structures Near Massena, New York
Authors: Frohlich Reinhard K. , Albert Robert L. , Revetta Frank A.
Published: July 2019

The causes of the seismicity of the St. Lawrence River Valley are not well understood. As is the case for the entire east coast of North America, epicentral zones often occur in regions where no correlation exists between seismicity and mapped geologic structures. Several explanations have been proposed for such a phenomenon: a) earthquakes occur along unmapped surface faults; b) earthquakes occur along subsurface faults showing no surface expression; or c) the earthquakes are not related to existing faults.

Conventional analytical techniques, such as upward and downward continuation, were applied to gravity data from the St. Lawrence River Valley in an attempt to delineate possible seismic–related structures. The analysis of the gravity data indicates that the anomalies trend in a north-northeast direction similar to the structural trends of the Precambrian rocks. The major feature of the Simple Bouguer anomaly map is an extensive positive gravity anomaly centered at Massena, New York.

Profiles across the Bouguer gravity anomalies and the up-and downward continued gravity anomalies were reproduced with a two–dimensional modeling technique. Among the various non-unique anomaly-producing structures tested we prefer a model suggesting that the positive anomaly near Massena is derived from two bodies with different density contrasts. The first is a wedge (8 km deep by 35 km wide) located 6 km below sea level with a density contrast of +0.11 gm/cm3 and the second is a smaller body (2 km deep by 6 km wide) located 3.3 km below sea level with a density contrast of +0.2 gm/cm3. The large wedge may represent a sequence of interlayered metasediments and metavolcanics related to the Grenville sequence. The smaller body may represent a mafic intrusive. Several authors have suggested that high gradients of gravity (toward positive) produced by mafic intrusives are associated with earthquakes in the eastern United States. The possible existence of a mafic intrusive near Massena, New York, and its proximity to epicentral zones suggest a similar association for earthquakes in the study area.