bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association Between University Student Political Party Alignment and HPV Vaccination Rates, HPV Knowledge, and Risk Factors
Authors: Jensen JaNiese Elizabeth , Wendt Linder Hagstrom , Spring Joseph , Jackson Jay Brooks
Published: January 2025

Background: To determine the association between university student political party alignment and HPV vaccination rates, HPV knowledge, and risk factors.

Methods: A survey was emailed in April 2024 to 28,095 students enrolled at the University of Iowa. Surveys were entered online and downloaded into a REDCap database for analysis.

Results: The majority (54%) of 1,380 respondents were aligned with the Democratic party, 16% Republican Party, 2.4% Libertarian Party, 23% Independent, and 4.9% other parties. The percentage of female respondents was higher in students aligned with the Democratic voters (81%) compared with Republican (71%) and Independent (68%) voters. The overall HPV vaccination rate for respondents was 82% with HPV vaccination rates highest among females 88% vs 73% males, Democrats 88% vs 75% Republican, 76% Independent and 87% Health Science students. Median age at first HPV vaccine dose was 14. For females 21 or older, 76% of Democrats vs 69% Republican, and 65% Independent had received a Pap smear, p=0.040. 94% of Democrat vs 75% Republican and 83% Independent affiliated students recommended others get the HPV vaccine, p=<0.001. Age of first sex, percent sexually active, knowledge of HPV prevention, non-heterosexual orientation, and vaccination rates for COVID-19 and influenza were higher among Democrats. Number of sex partners, percentage with history of sexually transmitted infection, and reasons for not getting the HPV vaccine were similar between aligned Democrats, Republicans, and Independents.

Conclusion: HPV vaccination rate was highest among females and Democrats as was knowledge of HPV prevention and disease and support for HPV vaccination.
Visceral Leishmaniasis in Children: A Neglected Clinical Entity in Guatemala
Authors: Lorenzana Julio Werner Juárez , Recinos Ana Gabriela Córdova , Fernández Xavier Eduardo Anzueto
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Leishmaniasis comprises a group of diseases caused by strict intracellular and unicellular eukaryotic protozoa belonging to the genus Leishmania sp. Clinical syndromes ranging from self-limiting skin ulcers to fatal visceral diseases have also been described.

Methods: We describe the clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory characteristics of six children with visceral leishmaniasis evaluated and treated at Roosevelt Hospital, Guatemala City, Guatemala, between 2017-2022.

Results: The mean age was 20.8 months. Fever was present in of the 5/6 cases at the time of diagnosis. All patients presented hepatosplenomegaly and hematologic alterations such as leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Diagnostic confirmation was performed in 5/6 patients through direct visualization of amastigotes in the bone marrow, 3/6 by polymerase chain reaction, and 2/6 by detection of rk39 antigen. A total of five patients received treatment with liposomal amphotericin B; only one case was treated with an antimonial, which failed; thus, treatment with liposomal amphotericin B was required. Resolution of hematologic alterations and decrease in splenomegaly were evident in all cases.

Conclusion: Guatemala is an endemic country for leishmaniasis in all forms, but visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is rare. The classic presentation of VL in children is fever, hematological changes, and organomegaly. The disease should be considered in children with manifestations originating from endemic countries. A liposomal amphotericin B regimen is currently the recommended treatment.
Epidemiology and Antibiotic Resistance of Uropathogenic Bacteria Isolated at Thierno Birahim Ndao Regional Hospital Center in Kaffrine (Senegal)
Authors: Sow Serigne Mourtada Mbacké , DIOP Abdou , NDIAYE Babacar , Badiane Fatou , Dieng Djiby , DIALLO Thierno Abdoulaye , SECK Abdoulaye
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is very common in hospital and community settings. This study aims to determine bacteriological profile and to study sensitivity to antibiotics of bacteria isolated at Thierno Birahim Ndao Regional Hospital Center in Kaffrine.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with an epidemiological aim over a period of three years was conducted concerning all bacteria isolated from urine samples of patients suffering from benign prostatic hypertrophy hospitalised or outpatient. Culture was done according to the usual techniques and antibiogram was carried out by the method of diffusion disk in Mueller-Hinton agar medium according to the recommendations of EUCAST 2023.

Results: A total of 537 samples were analysed from patients with an average age of 70 years, 61-80 age group was most represented with 75.8%. Samples came from outpatients (7.3%) and inpatients (92.7%), mainly from urology department (69.3%). Bacteriological study showed that enterobacteria were the most frequently isolated germs, including Escherichia coli (52.43%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.62%). With regard to antibiotic sensitivity of strains, out of a total of 172 enterobacteria (83.9%), 61.05% (n=105) produced an extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL), with a predominance of Escherichia coli (41.28%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.88%) (p<0.001). Antibiotic resistance in ESBLE over the three-year period revealed co-resistance to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin (80%), gentamicin (39.05%) and tobramycin (40%).

Conclusion: Bacterial epidemiology of UTIs has not changed much in recent years, and remains dominated by Enterobacteriaceae. However, the level of antibiotic resistance is becoming increasingly high, reaching worrying levels, particularly in relation to beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones.
Tenofovir Induced Lichenoid Planus Drug Reaction
Authors: Shankar Lal , Afreen Siddiqui , Dima Youssef
Published: January 2025

Antiretroviral therapy has significantly transformed the progression of HIV and improved the quality of life for individuals living with HIV. However, many drug treatments can have lasting side effects, one of which is a lichenoid drug reaction (DLR). Here, we present the case of a 55-year-old female on tenofovir therapy for HIV, who developed lichen planus lesions. Tenofovir was discontinued and topical treatment with clobetasol 0.05% and hydroxyzine 10mg resulted in significant improvement and resolution of the lesions. Extended follow-up proved beneficial in managing this patient, with eventual resolution and no recurrence of the lesions.
Current Aspects of Non-Pulmonary Tuberculosis at Brazzaville University Hospital: Prevalence and Associated Factors
Authors: T Adoua doukaga , P Bendett Lebaho , P Bintsindou , M Ekat , E Angonga Pabota , BR Ossibi Ibara
Published: January 2025

Objective: Determine the prevalence of non-pulmonary tuberculosis in the Infectious Diseases department of the University Hospital of Brazzaville and look for associated factors.

Patients and Method: This was a prospective, descriptive and analytical study of non-pulmonary tuberculosis cases registered in the Infectious Diseases Department between January 2022 and October 2024, regardless of the serological status of patients who consented to the study.

Results: 115 cases of non-pulmonary tuberculosis were recorded in patients with an average age of 41 ± 4 (17-73), who were female (61%), single (79%), urban dwellers (100%) and HIV-infected (95%). The average consultation time was 43.7 ± 4 (4-30) days for fever (78%), physical asthenia (65%), pallor (44%), AEG (41%). The main nonlung localizations were lymph node (31%), pleural (26%), peritoneal (20%), bone (12%) and meningeal (11%). Associated opportunistic infections were Toxoplasmosis (n=18), neuromeningeal Cryptococcosis (n=26), chronic diarrhea (n=17). The mean CD4 count was 139.8 ± 13 (16-439)/mm3. Abdominal ultrasound showed adenopathy (38%). Ascites fluid had more than 30 proteins (20%). Images of geodes and bone demineralization were present (12%). Patients were started on EHRZ followed by ART (TDF+FTC+DTG 100mg) within 2 weeks. Immune restoration was observed in 5 patients. Progression was favorable in 65% of cases. Death occurred in 35% of cases. Neurological location (p=0.001), age (p=0.0001) and anemia (p<0.006) were associated with death.

Conclusion: Non-pulmonary tuberculosis remains common at Brazzaville University Hospital, in association with HIV infection. It is a pathology of immune restoration. Anemia remains the main complication of this co-infection. Prevention requires early detection and management of HIV infection.
Promoting Wellness: An Influenza Vaccination Initiative for University Health
Authors: Correa Priscella , Devkota Shravan , Loftin Collette , Phillips Angela , Drinnon Sherri , Friemel Alee
Published: January 2025

The annual influenza season in the United States poses a considerable public health burden, leading to numerous deaths, hospitalizations, and substantial economic costs. Despite the preventable nature of influenza, vaccination rates remain below the target, with only 46.9% of adults immunized during the 2022-23 season. This study examines the effectiveness of a comprehensive influenza vaccination initiative implemented at the West Texas A&M University to address the specific challenges of a densely populated campus environment.

A campus wide influenza immunization initiative that began in 2018, has demonstrated positive outcomes, with increasing vaccination numbers each year. The study utilized a survey to evaluate the experiences and motivations of faculty and staff who participated in the fall of 2023. Convenience emerged as a key factor influencing vaccination decisions, with over 88% of participants cited it as a major consideration. The survey also revealed the initiative's success in attracting individuals who might not have actively sought vaccination elsewhere, emphasizing the importance of on-campus accessibility.

Nursing faculty wish to continue to promote on campus wellness and so to further enhance vaccination rates, the study recommends robust marketing strategies, follow-up conversations with vaccine decliners, additional vaccination dates, easily accessible drive-through clinics, and faculty-led wellness events.
Review of Medication Use in the Prevention of Migraines
Authors: Hamilton Sarah , KB Sneed , Pathak Yashwant
Published: January 2025

Migraines are a neurological disorder that negatively affects the lives of many around the world. This review article will focus on the different medications that are currently used to prevent migraines from occurring, focusing on how they work and if they’re effective. Currently most of the medications used to prevent migraines are repurposed oral medications. Antidepressants that are tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are used. The beta-blockers that are used in migraine prevention are propranolol, metoprolol, and timolol. The anti-epileptics that are used are topiramate and divalproex. Another form of medication that is used is a series of onabotulinumtoxinA injections using the PREEMPT paradigm injection mode. The newest development in migraine preventatives is the CGRP targeting drugs. There are the drugs Galcanezumab, eptinezumab, fremanezumab and erenumab, which use monoclonal antibodies. The second type of CGRP targeting medication uses small molecules and are CGRP receptor antagonists, the only preventive in this category is atogepant. All these medications have evidence that show that they are effective at preventing migraines, but they also all have side effects. When considering which medications are the best option the side effects and a patients other conditions have to take into consideration. Looking at what is currently not understood about migraine pathophysiology and the current direction preventative medication for this condition is headed helps to determine what future trends for this field will be.
A Comprehensive Review on Treatments for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Authors: Patel Anushree , Jacob Anita , Thomas Rosemaria , Plavumkal Hannah , KB Sneed , Pathak Yashwant
Published: January 2025

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent hormonal disorder-affecting woman of reproductive age, marked by imbalances in hormones, insulin resistance, and metabolic irregularities. It manifests with symptoms such as irregular menstrual cycles, ovarian cysts, hirsutism, acne, and infertility. PCOS not only poses challenges to reproductive health but also elevates the risk of conditions like infertility, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Diagnoses encompass evaluating symptoms, hormonal profiles, and ovarian ultrasound results. The management of PCOS is designed to alleviate symptoms, restore hormonal equilibrium, and reduce associated health risks. PCOS is addressed through various systems of medicine, including lifestyle modifications, Allopathic or Western Medicine, Ayurvedic Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Persian Herbal Medicine, and Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM). Tailored to individual symptoms and health needs, these approaches aim to enhance the overall well-being of individuals with PCOS. Aspects of the mentioned systems of medicine can be combined to create personalized treatment plans that are the most effective in treating PCOS for unique patients.
Türklerde Kelle Yemek Ayrıcalığı ve Maraş Kelle Paça Çorbasının Kültürel Kökenleri
Authors: Aras Bahtiyar Murat
Published: January 2025

Gündelik hayatta farkında olmadan yapılan birçok uygulamanın aslında çok eskiye dayanan kültürel kökenleri vardır. Her gün kullanılan ve neden kullanıldığı pek bilinmeyen kelimelerden başlamak üzere, giyilen kıyafetler, tercih edilen yemekler, yapılan dualar, beddualar, oyunlar, danslar, kullanılan müzik aletleri, toplu yapılan törenler gibi birçok şey atalardan kalan miras olarak toplumların hayatında varlığı devam ettirmektedir. Toplumun büyük kısmı aslında sıradanmış gibi gelen bu uygulamaların, çok eski bir kültürel kökene sahip olduğunun farkında bile değildir. Milletlerin geçmişinden miras kalan bu uygulamalar her gün yerine getirilmesine rağmen, bunların neden yapıldığı konusunda pek az kişi bir fikre sahiptir. Oysa kültür ve medeniyetlerin oluşumu nesiller boyu devam eden tüm geleneklerin bir toplamıdır. Bu yüzden, bir toplumun gündelik hayatı biraz dikkatli incelendiğinde o toplumun mensup olduğu kültürel köken konusunda çarpıcı bilgiler verir. Bunlar evlilik ve cenaze merasimlerinden başlamak üzere, yeme-içme gelenekleri, sofra adabı ve düzeni, misafir karşılama usulleri, çocukların doğumundan büyütülmesine kadar her gün yapılan birçok şeyi içinde barındırır. Aynı dine mensup olan farklı milletlerin dini hayatları içinde bile birçok eski kültürel öge bugün dahi en canlı şekilde varlığını sürdürmektedir. Örneğin Arap coğrafyasında neredeyse şirk olarak tanımlanan ataların, cetlerin ve toplum önderlerinin türbe ve mezar ziyaretleri Türkler için vazgeçilmez bir uygulamadır. Dinin fıkıh kısmında yeri olup olmamasından bağımsız olarak bu uygulamalar en canlı şekliyle bugün bile sürdürülmektedir. Milletlerin ilk göründükleri coğrafyalar nasıl onların anatomi ve karakterleri üzerinde etki yapıyorsa, gündelik hayatları üzerinde de etki yapmışlardır. Bunlardan biri ve en önemlisi de beslenme alışkanlıklarıdır. Her milletin kendine özgü bir damak tadı, yemek şekli ve buna bağlı olarak fiziksel özellikleri bulunmaktadır. Böylece her millet kendine özel bir yemek alışkanlığı oluşturmuş ve bazı değişiklikler olmasına rağmen ana hatlarıyla bugünlere kadar muhafaza edilmiştir. Bu tercih edilen yemeklerin en belirgin özelliği, milletlerin yaşadığı coğrafya ve yaşam şekilleriyle yakından alakalı olmasıdır.
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN (STUDI KASUS PADA PT SANAMPAN KAYA BAHAGAI)
Authors: Septiady Adryan , Sandika Rifa
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini berlatar belakangi kinerja karyawan pada PT Sanampan Kaya Bahagia belum maksimal dalam melaksanakan kegiatan pekerjaannya, dimana masih terdapat beberapa tujuan yang belum tercapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompensasi terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT Sanampan Kaya Bahagia. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dan asosiatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik analisis data yaitu menggunakan statistik dengan bantuan SPSS 26 dengan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji korelasi, uji koefesien determinasi dan uji t. Dari hasil korelasi diperoleh keterangan bahwa kompensasi mempunyai pengaruh yang kuat dengan kinerja karyawan dengan nilai 0,711 dan koefesien determinasi sebesar 50,5% dan sisanya sebesar 49,5% di pengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti. Dan nilai uji t menyebutkan bahwa variabel kompensasi berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan di PT Sanampan Kaya Bahagia.
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¿Igualdad en la cancha? Percepciones de un grupo de mujeres periodistas deportivas sobre la evolución de su profesión en el Perú
Authors: Vera Galán Lizet , Pahuacho Portella Alonso
Published: January 2025

El presente texto examina la evolución de la participación de un grupo de mujeres en el periodismo deportivo peruano en la última década, centrándose en cómo las propias periodistas deportivas perciben su evolución y los cambios en dicho campo laboral. El objetivo general es analizar desde la óptica de las participantes, los cambios y avances en la igualdad de género en este campo profesional. Utilizando una metodología cualitativa, se condujeron entrevistas en profundidad a ocho periodistas deportivas, seleccionadas mediante criterios de trayectoria, reconocimiento en el medio y que se hayan mantenido vigentes el ambiente laboral durante los últimos diez años. Los resultados destacan un crecimiento notable en la presencia femenina y una mayor conciencia sobre la igualdad de género, aunque persisten desafíos significativos relacionados con la discriminación y los estereotipos de género. El hallazgo más importante revela que, a pesar de los obstáculos, hay un incremento en la valoración de las contribuciones de las mujeres en el periodismo deportivo, acompañado de un cambio gradual en la narrativa mediática hacia una representación más equitativa y diversa. Este ensayo subraya la necesidad de continuar promoviendo políticas de inclusión y diversidad de género en los medios de comunicación deportivos.
Impacto de gestión por resultados y evaluación en la efectividad de un programa social en la región centro-sur del Perú
Authors: Badajoz-Ramos Jesús Augusto , Pérez-Márquez Luis Antonio , Gutierrez Telesforo Ruben , Quispe Chuchón Alfredo
Published: January 2025

Los programas sociales adquieren relevancia gracias a la gestión que emprenden basados en resultados, los mismos que contribuyen a que sean efectivos en las tareas que llevan a cabo, de asistencia y acompañamiento a las personas con limitados recursos. El objetivo del estudio es determinar si la gestión por resultados y la evaluación influyen en la efectividad de un programa social en las regiones de Ayacucho, Huancavelica y Apurímac–Perú. Respecto a la metodología, se utilizó el tipo de investigación aplicada, descriptivo explicativo y diseño no experimental, transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 222 familias beneficiarias del programa de las tres regiones, la muestra fue de 127 familias, determinado por conveniencia, dividido en tres distritos pertenecientes a cada región. Se utilizó la encuesta como técnica, y el cuestionario como instrumento. Los resultados dan cuenta que el 50% de las familias consideran que el programa es efectivo, mientras para la otra mitad no lo es. Se concluye que, la gestión por resultados influye en la efectividad del programa, mientras que la evaluación no es significativa, debido al establecimiento de acciones estratégicas que contribuyen para tal fin, siendo un aliado estratégico los padres de familia por ser los principales educadores de sus hijos.
The Impact of Patient Demographics and Clinical Characteristics on Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Çiftci Bahtiyar , Bornaun Teymur
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates how patient demographics and clinical characteristics influence treatment outcomes in urinary incontinence, aiming to identify key factors that impact patient perceptions of improvement.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 251 patients treated for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) at a tertiary care center. Patient characteristics, including age, body mass index (BMI), parity, and education level, were analyzed in relation to treatment outcomes using the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) scores. Statistical methods, specifically Spearman’s correlation, were employed to examine potential associations between these variables and PGI-I scores.
RESULTS: Analysis revealed no significant correlations between traditionally emphasized demographic factors, such as age and BMI, and PGI-I scores, suggesting that commonly considered characteristics may not directly influence patient satisfaction with treatment. The findings challenge assumptions that higher education or parity necessarily correlate with better or worse treatment outcomes, pointing to a need for a broader approach to patient assessment.
CONCLUSION: This study underscores the importance of a holistic, patient-centered approach to urinary incontinence treatment, considering a wider array of factors beyond demographic profiles. These insights call for further research to explore the complex variables affecting patient-reported outcomes in urogynecology and to enhance individualized care strategies.
Análise do custo de execução de diferentes tipos de fachadas em uma obra piloto
Authors: Andrade Amanda Oliveira , Freitas Márcia Regina de
Published: January 2025

A fachada de um edifício tem como função básica a vedação, além de apresentar estética adequada e agradável para o empreendimento. No entanto, o processo de revestimento comumente utilizado, geralmente constituído de argamassa de fachada e pintura texturizada, possui grande tempo de execução no cronograma geral de uma obra. Ademais, verifica-se que tal procedimento gera grande produção de resíduos, podendo tornar a execução desses serviços mais onerosa. Em contrapartida, verifica-se uma tendência pela industrialização dos métodos construtivos nesse mercado. Uma prática que vem sendo utilizada é a execução de fachada com painéis pré-fabricados arquitetônicos de concreto (PPAC), contribuindo significativamente para o processo de industrialização da construção civil. Assim, elaborou-se um estudo comparativo do custo de execução de uma mesma obra em relação à fachada com argamassa e pintura texturizada versus com painéis de concreto pré-fabricado, através do percentual de acréscimos ou decréscimos referente ao valor inicial orçado para a execução do respectivo serviço de revestimento. Constatou-se que ao executar a fachada do edifício analisado com PPAC, houve um aumento de 1,13% no custo total da obra, quando comparado os dois orçamentos iniciais, ou seja, antes da entrega do produto. No entanto, teve-se uma redução de três meses no prazo de entrega do empreendimento.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Murbei (Morus Nigra L.) Sebagai Sabun Dalam Menurunkan Angka Kuman Pada Piring
Authors: Ika irliana rahmadani  , Suyanto Adib , Haryanti Sri
Published: January 2025

Latar Belakang: Kebersihan peralatan makan penting untuk mencegah penyakit dan menjaga kualitas makanan. Salah satu alat penunjang kebersihan yaitu sabun dengan penambahan antibakteri alami seperti daun murbei karena mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tannin, dan terpenoid yang bersifat antibakteri. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun murbei (Morus nigra L.) sebagai bahan alami sabun dalam menurunkan angka kuman pada piring di Warung Makan “X” Sleman. Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimen semu (Quasi Experiment) dengan pendekatan Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Penelitian ini menggunakan quota sampling. Total sampel yang dibutuhkan 24 piring makan kotor. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Shapiro-Wilk, kemudian uji One Way Annova dan dilanjutkan uji LSD. Hasil: Rata-rata penurunan angka kuman setelah menggunakan sabun cuci piring ekstrak daun murbei konsentrasi 25% yaitu 134,3 CFU/cm² atau 88,3%, pada konsentrasi 30% yaitu 171,3 CFU/cm² atau 90,8% , konsentrasi 35% yaitu 174,5 CFU/cm² atau 92,3%, dan kontrol menggunakan sabun cuci piring merk “X” yaitu  147,0 CFU/cm² atau 85,2%. Uji One Way Anova menghasilkan p-value 0,012 (Sig. <0,05), menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan dalam penurunan angka kuman dengan penggunaan ekstrak daun murbei. Kesimpulan: Ada pengaruh ekstrak daun murbei sebagai bahan alami pada sabun dalam menurunkan angka kuman pada piring, dengan konsentrasi tertinggi 35% dalam menurunkan angka kuman.
Efektivitas Betta splendens dan Pterophyllum scalare sebagai Predator Jentik Culex sp untuk Penanggulangan Filariasis
Authors: Zikir  , Djaafar Tjitrowati , Sasmita Hanum , Arianty Ros , Susanto S Herlina , Mustafa Mustafa
Published: January 2025

Latar Belakang: Pemberantasan nyamuk secara kimiawi dapat meningkatkan resistensi nyamuk terhada racun tersebut, oleh karna itu perlu dilakukannya pengendalian sacara biologis dengan menggunakan predator alami yaitu ikan cupang hias dan ikan hias manfihs.Tujuan:  untuk mengetahui efektivitas antara ikan cupang hias (betta splendens crown tail)  dan ikan hias manfihs (pterophyllum scalare) sebagai predator jentik culex sp dalam upaya penanggulangan filariasis. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah Eksperimen Murni dengan rancangan penelitian desain pra-eksperimen yaitu perlakuan atau intervensi telah dilakukan (X) kemudian dilakukan pengukuran (Observasi) atau post test (O2). Hasil: ikan cupang hias (Betta splendens crown tail) lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan ikan hias manfihs (Pterophyllum scalare) dalam memakan jentik Culex sp. Pada 1 jam pertama Ikan cupang hias mampu memakan sebanyak 25 jentik Culex Sp dari 5 kali pengulangan, sedangkan Untuk Ikan hias manfihs pada 1 jam pertama hanya mampu memakan rata-rata 23 jentik Culex Sp dari 5 kali pengulangan. Kesimpulan: ikan cupang hias lebih efektif dibandingkan ikan hias manfihs sebagai predator jentik Culex sp. Saran untuk Tenaga kesehatan dan puskesmas dapat menggunakan ikan cupang hias (Betta splendens crown tail) sebagai predator alami dari jentik Culex sp dalam upaya penanggulangan filariasis
Uji Perbandingan Kualitas Kompos Menggunakan Mol Kentang Dan Mol Wortel
Authors: A. Hi. Adam Herwin , Sangadjisowohy Idayani , Washliyah Siti , H Halil Nurbaiya
Published: January 2025

Latar Belakang: Pengelolaan sampah organik merupakan tantangan penting dalam menjaga kelestarian lingkungan, salah satu metode pengelolaan adalah dengan mengubahnya menjadi kompos menggunakan Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kualitas kompos yang dihasilkan dengan tambahan MOL kentang dan wortel. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain eksperimen dengan sampel berupa 30 kg sampah organik dari Pasar Bahari Berkesan, Ternate, serta 5 kg masing-masing kentang dan wortel untuk MOL. Data diperoleh melalui pengamatan kualitas fisik kompos selama 21 hari menggunakan alat seperti mesin pencacah, soil thermometer, dan soil meter. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan standar SNI 19-7030-2004. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompos dengan MOL kentang dan wortel lebih unggul dibandingkan kontrol. MOL kentang dan wortel menghasilkan warna kehitaman, bau tanah, dan tekstur menyerupai tanah, sementara kontrol hanya menghasilkan warna kecokelatan dan bau sampah. Kesimpulan: Temuan ini mengimplikasikan bahwa MOL berbasis kentang dan wortel efektif meningkatkan kualitas kompos. Disarankan untuk mengadopsi metode ini pada skala lebih besar guna mengelola sampah organik secara efisien.
Perbedaan Dosis Serbuk Biji Kelor (Moringa oleifera) dan Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica L.) Terhadap Penurunan Kekeruhan Air dengan Metode Jar Test
Authors: Erlisa Hindriani  , Bungawati Andi , Mahyudin Syam Dedi
Published: January 2025

Latar Belakang: Biji kelor (Moringa oleifera) dan biji asam jawa (Tamarindus indica L) merupakan tanaman yang memiliki potensi sebagai biokoagulan pada proses koagulasi karena kandungan protein. Protein penyusun biji kelor dan biji asam jawa digunakan sebagai alternatif bagi penggunaan koagulan sintetik dalam memperbaiki kualitas kekeruhan air. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian  ini adalah diketahuinya perbedaan dosis serbuk biji kelor dan biji asam jawa terhadap penurunan kekeruhan air dengan metode jar test. Metode: Penelitian eksperimen dengan pendekatan eksperimen sungguhan dengan pola penelitian pretest posttest with control (-) group. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu air sungai di kelurahan Taipa dengan cara Grab Sampling. Hasil: Persentase tertinggi penurunan kekeruhan dengan serbuk biji kelor sebesar 38,44% pada dosis 0,2 gr dan persentase tertinggi penurunan kekeruhan dengan serbuk biji asam jawa sebesar 22,83% pada dosis 0,2 gr. Hasil uji T-Test  pada jenis koagulan biji kelor dengan rata-rata penurunan 118,300 NTU, sedangkan pada koagulan biji asam jawa terjadi penurunan tingkat kekeruhan dengan rata-rata 134,94 NTU. Kesimpulan: Ada perbedaan rata-rata nilai hasil setelah dilakukan uji coba pada serbuk biji kelor dan biji asam jawa.
Baseline gene expression in BALB/c and C57BL/6 peritoneal macrophages influences but does not dictate their functional phenotypes
Authors: Restrepo Carlos M. , Llanes Alejandro , Herrera Lizzi , Ellis Esteban , Quintero Iliana , Fernández Patricia L.
Published: January 2025

Macrophages are effector cells of the immune system and essential modulators of immune responses. Different functional phenotypes of macrophages with specific roles in the response to stimuli have been described. The C57BL/6 and BALB/c mouse strains tend to selectively display distinct macrophage activation states in response to pathogens, namely, the M1 and M2 phenotypes, respectively. Herein we used RNA-Seq and differential expression analysis to characterize the baseline gene expression pattern of unstimulated resident peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Our aim is to determine if there is a possible predisposition of these mouse strains to any activation phenotype and how this may affect the interpretation of results in studies concerning their interaction with pathogens. We found differences in basal gene expression patterns of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, which were further confirmed using RT-PCR for a subset of relevant genes. Despite these differences, our data suggest that baseline gene expression patterns of both mouse strains do not appear to determine by itself a specific macrophage phenotype.
Tau mediates the reshaping of the transcriptional landscape toward intermediate Alzheimer’s disease stages
Authors: Siano Giacomo , Varisco Martina , Terrigno Marco , Wang Congwei , Scarlatti Arianna , Iannone Vincenzo , Groth Marco , Galas Marie-Christine , Hoozemans Jeroen J. M. , Cellerino Alessandro , Cattaneo Antonino , Di Primio Cristina
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Recent research revealed that Tau plays critical roles in various neuronal functions. We previously demonstrated that destabilization and nuclear delocalization of Tau alter the expression of glutamatergic genes, mediating early neuronal damage.

Methods

In this study, we discovered that changes in Tau availability are linked to global alterations in gene expression that affect multiple neuronal pathways. Comparison with the human temporal region showed that the Tau-dependent modulation of gene expression closely resembles the intermediate stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that precede the definitive pathological condition.

Results

Furthermore, we identified the chromatin remodeling pathway as being significantly affected by Tau in both our cellular model and AD brains, with reductions in heterochromatin markers. Our findings indicate that Tau is able to globally affect the neuronal transcriptome and that its subcellular unbalance changes gene expression in the intermediate stages of AD development. In addition, we found that the chromatin architecture is affected by Tau during the progression of AD.

Discussion

These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying early stages of AD development and highlight the central role of Tau and the contribution of nuclear Tau in this process.
Clinical efficacy of antibiotic-loaded bone cement and negative pressure wound therapy in multidrug-resistant organisms diabetic foot ulcers: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Guo Huihui , Xue Zhenqiang , Mei Siwei , Li Tengfei , Yu Haiyang , Ning Tao , Fu Yongbin
Published: January 2025

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) combined with Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) aspiration technique in the treatment of multidrug-resistant diabetic foot ulcers (MDRO-DFUs).

Methods

A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 80 patients with MDROs-DFU who were used Vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) as NPWT excipient and met the inclusion criteria from January 2019 to January 2024 at our hospital. Patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 40 cases in each. The control group received conventional treatment, routine debridement, and NPWT treatment, while the experimental group received ALBC treatment in addition to the treatment plan of the control group. Measurements of blood inflammatory indicators, foot hemodynamic indicators, wound bacterial clearance time, wound healing time, and hospital stay were taken before and after treatment for both groups.

Results

Inflammatory indexes, Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), and internal diameter of dorsalis pedis arteriosus of both groups after treatment were significantly better than those before treatment, and the improvement of the experimental group was more obvious than that of the control group; the experimental group had a significantly shorter time of trauma bacterial turnover, healing time of trauma, and hospitalization time compared with that of the control group (P<0.05).
Case Report: Recurrent cardiogenic shock caused by inter-arterial left coronary artery originating from the right coronary sinus, successfully rescued by mechanical circulatory support
Authors: Jin Tietuo , Wang Rui , Dong Liang , Lv Yvhang
Published: January 2025

A young female patient suffered cardiogenic shock after undergoing surgery for an ectopic pregnancy. Coronary artery computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed a left main artery (LM) originating from the right coronary sinus and traveling between the aorta and pulmonary artery. We successfully resuscitated the patient with mechanical circulatory support using veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) and an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). The patient subsequently underwent surgery thereafter. When sudden cardiogenic shock occurs in a young patient, it is important to be vigilant for anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA).
Validation of an MPS-based intestinal cell culture model for the evaluation of drug-induced toxicity
Authors: Hoffmann Stefanie , Hewitt Philip , Koscielski Isabel , Kurek Dorota , Strijker Wouter , Kosim Kinga
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The potential for drug-induced gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity is significant, since the GI tract is one of the first barriers which come in to contact with oral drugs. In pharmaceutical research, the complex behavior of human intestinal cells is traditionally investigated using 2D cultures, in which one cell type grows under static conditions. With the development of advanced microphysiological systems (MPS) more in vivo like conditions can be generated which increase the physiological nature and also the predictive validity of these models. Caco-2 cells are known for their capability to build tight junctions. These connections are responsible for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and can be used as a specific safety endpoint, by measuring the Trans Epithelial Electrical Resistance (TEER), for the investigation of drug-induced GI toxicity. Compared to a widely used Caco-2 cell 2D Transwell model, the advanced MPS model (Mimetas OrganoPlate®) allows for the recapitulation of the enterocyte cell layer of the intestinal barrier as the Caco-2 cells grow in a tubular structure through which the medium continuously flows.

Methods

The OrganoPlate® intestinal model was qualified to be implemented as a routine test system for the early prediction of drug-induced GI toxicity based on the measurement of the tightness of the cell layer by measuring changes in the TEER. For this qualification 23 well known compounds as well as a positive, negative and solvent control were selected. The compounds were selected based on their known effect on the GI system (chemotherapeutics, tight junction disruptor, liver toxins, controls, NSAIDs and a mixed group of drugs).

Results

The TEER values were measured 4 h and 24 h after treatment. In parallel the cell viability was determined after 24 h to be able to distinguish between an unspecific cytotoxic effect or direct tight junction damage. Overall, from the 23 tested compounds, 15 showed the expected outcome, i.e., the compound led to a decrease of the TEER for the positive control compounds, or the TEER value remained stable after treatment with non-GI-toxic compounds.

Conclusion

In summary, this MPS model allowed the recapitulation of the human intestinal GI barrier and will enable a faster and more robust assessment of drug-induced damage in the GI tract.
The association between Vitamin D deficiency and clinical pregnancy rate in IVF patients with different age
Authors: Wang Keyan , Dong Fangli , Ma Shuxia , Bu Zhiqin
Published: January 2025

Background

The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of serum VD status on IVF outcomes and to observe the effect of VD deficiency on the expression of the endometrial receptivity marker HOXA10.

Materials and methods

Patients undergoing their first IVF cycles were divided into 3 groups according to VD levels (deficient: <20 ng/mL, insufficient: 20-29.9 ng/mL), and replete ≥30 ng/mL). IVF laboratory parameters, implantation rate, and clinical pregnancy rate were compared among these groups according to patient age (≥ 35 years old and < 35 years old). In addition, the expression of HOXA10 was analyzed using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot in mRNA and protein levels, respectively.

Results

A total of 1459 patients were included. Clinical pregnancy outcomes were significantly worse in vitamin D-deficient patients of advanced age than in other patients. VD status was a predictor of clinical pregnancy according to the multivariate regression model (Deficient: OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.59-0.90, P = 0.022; Insufficient: OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.70-1.10, P = 0.104; Reference = Replete). However, clinical pregnancy outcomes were comparable among the three groups of young patients. Endometrial tissue was collected from a total of 35 women. HOXA10 expression was significantly lower only in young women in the vitamin D deficiency group. Furthermore, among patients of advanced age, HOXA10 levels were significantly decreased in both vitamin D-deficient and vitamin D-insufficient women.

Conclusion

VD deficiency appears to lead to poorer clinical pregnancy outcomes in patients of advanced age. In the future we can observe whether pregnancy outcomes can be improved in such patients with vitamin D supplementation. In addition, a possible explanation for the worse results may be the detrimental effect of reduced HOXA10 expression on endometrial receptivity.
Innovations and barriers in sustainable and green finance for advancing sustainable development goals
Authors: Raman Raghu , Ray Suparna , Das Dayana , Nedungadi Prema
Published: January 2025

This study employs a mixed-methods approach to investigate the role of sustainable and green finance in advancing UN sustainable development goals (SDGs). We use quantitative bibliometric methods with machine learning-based BERTopic modeling and case study analysis to reveal trends. This study presents a cocitation analysis of the SDGs to visualize the interconnectedness between goals, highlighting the central role of SDG 13 (climate action) and key linkages with SDGs related to economic growth (SDG 8), industry and infrastructure (SDG 9), clean energy (SDG 7), and environmental sustainability (SDGs 6, 15). The findings indicate that innovations such as green fintech, social impact bonds, and risk models are crucial for facilitating renewable investment and mitigating environmental impacts. The identified barriers include high transaction costs and insufficient institutional frameworks in developing countries, hindering the broader adoption of green finance tools. Case studies from South Africa, Brazil, and other developing nations have examined the implementation of green bonds and loans. They highlight significant efforts by stakeholders to use these financial instruments to support SDGs, particularly SDG 7, SDG 13, and SDG 17 (partnerships). However, challenges such as nascent regulatory environments, market barriers, and capacity constraints persist, inhibiting mainstream integration. Key research avenues include quantifying investment needs, tailoring financial instruments, and developing derisking mechanisms to foster cross-sector coordination and international partnerships. The study underscores the necessity of innovative and inclusive financial mechanisms to mobilize capital flows aligned with the priorities of the Global South. Future research directions include the development of advanced data analytics, adaptation to local contexts, technological integration, and exploration of the social dimensions of sustainable finance. This study provides actionable insights for policymakers, financial institutions, and researchers, emphasizing the crucial role of sustainable finance in driving global sustainability.
Collagen deposition in lung parenchyma driven by depletion of interstitial Lyve-1+ macrophages prevents cigarette smoke-induced emphysema and loss of airway function
Authors: Dagnachew Yinebeb Mezgebu , Lim Hwee Ying , Wupeng Liao , Lim Sheau Yng , Lim Sheng Jie Natalie , Thiam Chung Hwee , Tan Shu Wen , Eng Joan Lau Joo , Mei Dan , Hazwany Mohammad Azhar Syaza , Ong Wei Siong , Tan Qi Hui Caris , Wong Wai-Shiu Fred , Angeli Veronique
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Collagen is essential for maintaining lung structure and function and its remodeling has been associated with respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the cellular mechanisms driving collagen remodeling and the functional implications of this process in the pathophysiology of pulmonary diseases remain poorly understood.

Methods

To address this question, we employed Lyve1wt/cre; Csf1rflox/flox mice with specific depletion of Lyve-1+ macrophages and assessed the content, types and organization of collagen in lung compartments at steady state and after chronic exposure to cigarette smoke (CS).

Results

Using this mouse model, we found that the absence of this subpopulation of tissue resident macrophage led to the deposition of type I collagen fibers around the alveoli and bronchi at steady state. Further analysis by polarized light microscopy and Sircol collagen assay revealed that the collagen fibers accumulating in the lungs depleted of Lyve-1+ macrophages were thicker and crosslinked. A decrease in MMP-9 gene expression and proteolytic activity together with an increase in Col1a1, Timp-3 and Lox expression accompanied the collagen alterations. Next, we investigated the effect of the collagen remodeling on the pathophysiology of COPD and airway function in mice lacking Lyve-1+ macrophages exposed chronically to cigarette smoke (CS), a well-established animal model of COPD. We found that deposition of collagen prior CS exposure protected these mice against destruction of alveoli (emphysema), and bronchi thickening and prevented loss of airway function.

Discussion

Thus, we uncover that interstitial Lyve-1+ macrophages regulate the composition, amount, and architecture of collagen network in the lungs at steady state and that such collagen remodeling functionally impacts the development of COPD. This study further supports the potential of targeting collagen as promising approaches to treat respiratory diseases.
Identification of MYC and STAT3 for early diagnosis based on the long noncoding RNA-mRNA network and bioinformatics in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yao Kunhou , Fan Hao , Yang Tiancheng , Yang Can , Wang Guibin , Li Xingwang , Ji Xin-Ying , Wang Qun , Lv Shaojiang , Guo Shihao
Published: January 2025

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the top three cancers globally in both incidence and mortality, posing a significant public health challenge. Most CRC cases are diagnosed at intermediate to advanced stages, and reliable biomarkers for early detection are lacking. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in various cancers, including CRC, playing key roles in tumor development, progression, and prognosis.

Methods

A comprehensive search of the PubMed database was conducted to identify relevant studies on the early diagnosis of CRC. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to explore lncRNA-mRNA networks, leading to the identification of five potential blood biomarkers. Expression analysis was carried out using the GEPIA and GEO online databases, focusing on MYC and STAT3. Differential expression between normal and CRC tissues was assessed, followed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate the diagnostic potential of these markers. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate MYC and STAT3 expression levels, and findings were further confirmed using the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database.

Results

Database analysis revealed significant differential expression of MYC and STAT3 between normal and CRC tissues. ROC analysis demonstrated the diagnostic potential of these markers. qRT-PCR validation confirmed the differential expression patterns observed in the databases. Validation through the HPA database further supported these findings, confirming the potential of MYC and STAT3 as diagnostic biomarkers for CRC.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that MYC and STAT3 are promising diagnostic biomarkers for CRC, offering new insights into its pathophysiology and potential for targeted therapies.
Love bites? Pre-copulatory behaviours of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia
Authors: Barry Christine , Lester Emily , Doane Micheal P. , Ferreira Luciana C. , Thums Michele , Gleiss Adrian C. , Meekan Mark G.
Published: January 2025

Very little is known about the reproductive behaviours of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus). Here, we describe field observations of courtship behaviour by a whale shark at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. We witnessed and recorded following and biting behaviours by a sexually mature male of a smaller female. Following and biting are common events during courtship and copulation of other species of elasmobranchs. Our observations are consistent with earlier reports of courting behaviours in whale sharks provided by fishers, the pilot of a light plane and observations of courtship by a sexually mature male towards females held in aquaria.