bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shadow Banking and the Four Pillars of Traditional Financial Intermediation
Authors: Farhi Emmanuel , Tirole Jean
Published: September 2020

Traditional banking is built on four pillars: small and medium enterprise lending, insured deposit taking, access to lender of last resort (LOLR), and prudential supervision. This article unveils the logic of the quadrilogy by showing that it emerges naturally as an equilibrium outcome in a game between banks and the government. A key insight is that regulation and public insurance services (LOLR, deposit insurance) are complementary. The model also shows how prudential regulation must adjust to the emergence of shadow banking and rationalizes structural remedies to counter bogus liquidity hoarding and financial contagion: ring-fencing between regulated and shadow banking and the sharing of liquidity in centralized platforms.
Insomnia with objective short sleep duration is associated with cognitive impairment: a first look at cardiometabolic contributors to brain health
Authors: Fernandez-Mendoza Julio , He Fan , Puzino Kristina , Amatrudo Gregory , Calhoun Susan , Liao Duanping , Vgontzas Alexandros N , Bixler Edward
Published: September 2020

Study Objectives

Insomnia with objective short sleep duration has been previously associated with adverse cardiometabolic health outcomes as well as poorer cognitive performance in otherwise noncognitively impaired adults. However, studies demonstrating an increased prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) in this insomnia phenotype are lacking.

Methods

We analyzed data from Penn State Adult Cohort (N = 1,524; 48.9 ± 13.4 years; 53.4% women). Self-reported sleep difficulty was defined as normal sleep (n = 899), poor sleep (n = 453), and chronic insomnia (n = 172). Objective short sleep duration was defined as less than 6-h of sleep, based on in-lab, 8-h polysomnography. CI (n = 155) and possible vascular cognitive impairment (pVCI, n = 122) were ascertained using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Analyses adjusted for age, sex, race, education, body mass index, apnea/hypopnea index, smoking, alcohol, psychoactive medication, and mental and physical health problems.

Results

Participants who reported poor sleep or chronic insomnia and slept objectively less than 6 hours were associated with a 2-fold increased odds of CI (OR = 2.06, 95% confidence limits [CL] = 1.15–3.66 and OR = 2.18, 95% CL = 1.07–4.47, respectively) and of pVCI (OR = 1.94, 95% CL = 1.01–3.75 and OR = 2.33, 95% CL = 1.07–5.06, respectively). Participants who reported poor sleep or chronic insomnia and slept objectively more than 6 hours were not associated with increased odds of either CI (OR = 0.72, 95% CL = 0.30–1.76 and OR = 0.75, 95% CL = 0.21–2.71, respectively) or pVCI (OR = 1.08, 95% CL = 0.42–2.74 and OR = 0.76, 95% CL = 0.16–3.57, respectively).

Conclusions

Insomnia with objective short sleep duration is associated with an increased prevalence of CI, particularly as it relates to cardiometabolic health (i.e. pVCI). These data further support that this insomnia phenotype may be a more biologically severe form of the disorder associated with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and neurocognitive morbidity.
Glutaredoxins Play an Important Role in the Redox Homeostasis and Symbiotic Capacity of Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571
Authors: Cao Yajun , Jiang Gaofei , Li Mingxu , Fang Xingxing , Zhu Dan , Qiu Wei , Zhu Juanjuan , Yu Daogeng , Xu Yangchun , Zhong Zengtao , Zhu Jun
Published: September 2020

Glutaredoxin (GRX) plays an essential role in the control of the cellular redox state and related pathways in many organisms. There is limited information on GRXs from the model nitrogen (N2)-fixing bacterium Azorhizobium caulinodans. In the present work, we identified and performed functional analyses of monothiol and dithiol GRXs in A. caulinodans in the free-living state and during symbiosis with Sesbania rostrata. Our data show that monothiol GRXs may be very important for bacterial growth under normal conditions and in response to oxidative stress due to imbalance of the redox state in grx mutants of A. caulinodans. Functional redundancies were also observed within monothiol and dithiol GRXs in terms of different physiological functions. The changes in catalase activity and iron content in grx mutants were assumed to favor the maintenance of bacterial resistance against oxidants, nodulation, and N2 fixation efficiency in this bacterium. Furthermore, the monothiol GRX12 and dithiol GRX34 play a collective role in symbiotic associations between A. caulinodans and Sesbania rostrata. Our study provided systematic evidence that further investigations are required to understand the importance of glutaredoxins in A. caulinodans and other rhizobia.
Dynamics of the Rice Blast Fungal Population in the Field After Deployment of an Improved Rice Variety Containing Known Resistance Genes
Authors: Wang Wenjuan , Su Jing , Chen Kailing , Yang Jianyuan , Chen Shen , Wang Congying , Feng Aiqing , Wang Zonghua , Wei Xiaoyan , Zhu Xiaoyuan , Lu Guo-dong , Zhou Bo
Published: September 2020

Rice blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most destructive diseases of rice worldwide. Management through the deployment of host resistance genes would be facilitated by understanding the dynamics of the pathogen’s population in the field. Here, to investigate the mechanism underlying the breakdown of disease resistance, we conducted a six-year field experiment to monitor the evolution of M. oryzae populations in Qujiang from Guangdong. The new variety of Xin-Yin-Zhan (XYZ) carrying R genes Pi50 and Pib was developed using the susceptible elite variety, Ma-Ba-Yin-Zhan (MBYZ), as the recurrent line. Field trials of disease resistance assessment revealed that the disease indices of XYZ in 2012, 2013, 2016, and 2017 were 0.19, 0.39, 0.70, and 0.90, respectively, indicating that XYZ displayed a very rapid increase of disease severity in the field. To investigate the mechanism underlying the quick erosion of resistance of XYZ, we collected isolates from both XYZ and MBYZ for pathogenicity testing against six different isogenic lines. The isolates collected from XYZ showed a similar virulence spectrum across four different years whereas those from MBYZ showed increasing virulence to the Pi50 and Pib isogenic lines from 2012 to 2017. Molecular analysis of AvrPib in the isolates from MBYZ identified four different AvrPib haplotypes, i.e., AvrPib-AP1-1, AvrPib-AP1-2, avrPib-AP2, and avrPib-AP3, verified by sequencing. AvrPib-AP1-1 and AvrPib-AP1-2 are avirulent to Pib whereas avrPib-AP2 and avrPib-AP3 are virulent. Insertions of a Pot3 and an Mg-SINE were identified in avrPib-AP2 and avrPib-AP3, respectively. Two major lineages based on rep-PCR analysis were further deduced in the field population, implying that the field population is composed of genetically related isolates. Our data suggest that clonal propagation and quick dominance of virulent isolates against the previously resistant variety could be the major genetic events contributing to the loss of varietal resistance against rice blast in the field.
How Marketing Practices Undermine Nurses
Authors: Brown Theresa
Published: September 2020

Author Quinn Grundy on the undue influence of vendors.
Azithromycin Associated with Increased Risk of Death in Outpatients
Authors: Rosenberg Karen
Published: September 2020

According to this study:

Outpatients who used azithromycin had an approximately twofold increased risk of cardiovascular death and noncardiovascular death in the five days after the prescription was dispensed, compared with patients who used amoxicillin.

No increased risk of death was found in the six to 10 days after prescription dispensing.
Meeting the Rehabilitation and Support Needs of Patients With Breast Cancer During COVID-19: Opening New Frontiers in Models of Care
Authors: Binkley Jill , Mark Mallory , Finley Janae , Brazelton Allison , Pink Marilyn
Published: September 2020

Background:

COVID-19 presents a significant challenge to providing specialized rehabilitation and exercise for patients with breast cancer.

Objective:

The purpose of this report is to describe the implementation of telerehabilitation for one-on-one patient care and interactive, live, Web-based formats for group patient education, exercise, and support programs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design:

This report describes the concept, materials, and methods used in a community-based clinical setting to serve patients' needs during COVID-19.

Results:

Telerehabilitation and interactive Web-based strategies may be useful in meeting the physical and emotional needs of patients with breast cancer. Brief patient cases summarize the process of one-on-one telerehabilitation implementation and provide patient and family perspectives. Challenges and benefits of telerehabilitation are described. Interactive Web-based strategies substantially increased the numbers of patients reached with survivorship education and support groups during the first 2 months of COVID-19.

Limitations:

This report is descriptive and does not include group outcomes. Further research is needed to compare outcomes of telerehabilitation versus in-person delivery of breast cancer rehabilitation care.

Conclusion:

Telerehabilitation and interactive Web-based education formats provide an alternative to in-person breast cancer rehabilitation care during COVID-19 and have potential application for improving delivery of care to underserved populations and in other types of cancer.
Use of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy to Predict Treatment Efficacy in Café Au Lait Macules
Authors: Peng Hao , Shen Lingyue , Yu Wenxin , Lin Xiaoxi , Sun Kai , Zhou Guoyu
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Multiple lasers have been used for the treatment of café au lait macules (CALMs) with various results. Objective tools to predict therapeutic efficacy of CALMs treatment is lacking.

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) characteristics correlate with CALMs response to laser treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

All CAMLs underwent RCM examination of length and density of dermal papillae followed by 3 sessions of Q-switched alexandrite laser (QSAL). A visual analog scale was used to assess clinical treatment efficacy.

RESULTS

Forty-three patients were included, 22 had CALMs with irregular borders and 21 with smooth borders. Café au lait macules with irregular border had shorter rete pegs and less papillae (p < .05) on RCM compared with smooth border CAMLs and responded better to QSAL treatment (2.32 vs 1.10).

CONCLUSION

Reflectance confocal microscopy measurement of length and density of papillae were inversely correlated with treatment response. Reflectance confocal microscopy may be a useful tool to predict CALMs response to laser treatment.
Effectiveness and safety of light vegetarian diet and Qingjiang Tiaochang Recipe for functional constipation
Authors: Liu Xinyuan , Liu Yu , Chen Jialiang , Wang Huijing , Wang Qianqian , Niu Zuohu , Yun Zhangjun , Ma Bingzhi , Yao Shunkun
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

Functional constipation is a chronic disease that is common in children and adults around the world. The treatments for functional constipation include diet and lifestyle interventions, medications, and surgery. The diet pattern plays an important role in the occurrence of constipation. We found in clinical practice that simple application of drugs cannot achieve long-term relief of constipation, and a large number of patients are not satisfied with the existing treatment. We have concluded that Qingjiang Tiaochang Recipe (QJTCR) and light vegetarian diet (LVD) can effectively improve constipation. However, there is no enough evidence for the description of the effect. This protocol aims at exploratorily investigating effectiveness and safety of LVD and QJTCR following a rigorous clinical trial.

Methods and analysis:

We will recruit 90 patients to participate in this prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized trial, and exploratory study at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital, including traditional Chinese medicine group, placebo + diet group, traditional Chinese medicine + diet group. Patients in the diet intervention group must strictly abide by LVD, and the study will continue for 28 days. During the intervention period, we need to record a designed diary to assess diet quality and defecation. The primary outcomes for this clinical study were weekly complete spontaneous bowel movements. The secondary outcomes were constipation-related symptom rating scale, traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scale, and 48-hour gastrointestinal transit time, high-resolution anorectal manometry, Bristol stool score, constipation quality of life assessment scale, constipation symptoms self-assessment scale, short-chain fatty acids in feces. In addition, the study will determine the safety of the intervention.
Effect of traditional Chinese medicine injections on severe pneumonia
Authors: Luo Wei , Liu Ya , Zhang Qiang , Zhong Huifang , Deng Jia
Published: September 2020

Background:

Traditional Chinese medicine injections (TCMJ) used in the treatment of severe pneumonia have been widely implemented in clinical practice, but their overall efficacy and safety remain unclear. This paper aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TCMJ in the treatment of severe pneumonia.

Methods:

PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, and the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database were all searched for randomized controlled trials focusing on the administration of TCMJ for severe pneumonia. Two researchers independently screened titles, abstracts, full texts, and extracted relevant data. The RevMan 5.3 software (The Cochrane Collaboration, Software Update, Oxford, UK) and Stata 14 software (STATA Corporation, College Station, TX) were used for statistical analysis.

Results:

This study summarizes the related randomized controlled trials to assess the effect and safety of TCMJ in the treatment of severe pneumonia.

Conclusion:

This article provides theoretical support for the clinical application of TCMJ in the treatment of severe pneumonia.

PROSPERO Registration number:

CRD42020185072
Arthroscopic capsular release for the treatment of post-stroke frozen shoulder
Authors: Zong Long-ze , Ma Li , Liu Ying-ying
Published: September 2020

Background:

This study will assess the efficacy and safety of arthroscopic capsular release (ACR) for the treatment of post-stroke frozen shoulder (PSFS).

Methods:

We will carry out a systematic study of randomized controlled trials that assess the efficacy and safety of ACR for PSFS. We will search all potential records for any eligible trials from selected electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, WANGFANG, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) and grey literature sources from inception to the present. Two authors will independently perform study selection, data extraction, and study quality assessment. Any disagreement will be solved by a third author via consultation. Statistical analysis will be carried out by RevMan 5.3 software.

Results:

This study will comprehensively summarize current eligible studies to systematically assess the efficacy and safety of ACR for PSFS.

Conclusion:

This study will provide evidence to determine whether ACR is an effective management for patients with PSFS.
Identification of lymph node metastasis-related microRNAs in breast cancer using bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Gao Guangyu , Shi Xinya , Yao Zhen , Shen Jiaofeng , Shen Liqin
Published: September 2020

Background:

Lymph node metastasis is a significant problem in breast cancer, and its underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to research the molecular mechanism and to explore the key RNAs and pathways that mediate lymph node metastasis in breast cancer.

Methods:

GSE100453 and GSE38167 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and 569 breast cancer statistics were also downloaded from the TCGA database. Differentially expressed miRNAs were calculated by using R software and GEO2R. Gene ontology and Enriched pathway analysis of target mRNAs were analyzed by using the Database for Database of Annotation Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and R software. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was performed according to Metascape, String, and Cytoscape software.

Results:

In total, 6 differentially expressed miRNAs were selected, and 499 mRNAs were identified after filtering. The research of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) demonstrated that mRNAs enriched in certain tumor pathways. Also, certain hub mRNAs were highlighted after constructed and analyzed the PPI network. A total of 3 out of 6 miRNAs had a significant relationship with the overall survival (P < .05) and showed a good ability of risk prediction model of over survival.

Conclusions:

By utilizing bioinformatics analyses, differently expressed miRNAs were identified and constructed a complete gene network. Several potential mechanisms and therapeutic and prognostic targets of lymph node metastasis were also demonstrated in breast cancer.
Germinal ovarian tumors in reproductive age women
Authors: Dellino Miriam , Silvestris Erica , Loizzi Vera , Paradiso Angelo , Loiacono Rosalia , Minoia Carla , Daniele Antonella , Cormio Gennaro
Published: September 2020

MOGCTs (malignant ovarian germ cell tumors) are rare tumors that mainly affect patients of reproductive age. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fertility and survival outcomes in young women with MOCGTs treated with fertility-sparing surgery (FSS).

From 2000 to 2018, data from 28 patients of reproductive age with a diagnosis of MOGCT at the University of Bari were collected. Most received FSS, and in patients treated conservatively, the reproductive outcome and survival were investigated. Data of patient demographics, clinical presentation, oncology marker dosage, staging, type of surgery, histological examination, survival, and reproductive outcome were collected from hospital and office charts. All informed consent was obtained from all patients. The median age was 24 (range: 9–45 years). The majority of the patients had stage IIIC. Twenty-four woman received FSS consisting of unilateral ovariectomy and omentectomy, whereas only 4 women, based on their stage (IIIC), received a radical surgery (hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy, lymphadenectomy, and omentectomy). Our study shows that FSS in MOGCTs can produce good results both on reproductive outcomes and on survival. Indeed, in our group, there was only 1 case of exitus as result of recurrence. Furthermore, patients after FSS maintained normal ovarian function and 5 of 5 women who tried to get pregnant succeeded spontaneously. The median follow-up was 90 months (range 3–159).

Conservative surgery for MOGCTs should be considered for women of reproductive age who wish to preserve fertility.
Identification of osteoporosis markers through bioinformatic functional analysis of serum proteome
Authors: Lv Mengying , Cui Chuanlong , Chen Peng , Li Ziqi
Published: September 2020

Osteoporosis is a severe chronic skeletal disorder that increases the risks of disability and mortality; however, the mechanism of this disease and the protein markers for prognosis of osteoporosis have not been well characterized. This study aims to characterize the imbalanced serum proteostasis, the disturbed pathways, and potential serum markers in osteoporosis by using a set of bioinformatic analyses. In the present study, the large-scale proteomics datasets (PXD006464) were adopted from the Proteome Xchange database and processed with MaxQuant. The differentially expressed serum proteins were identified. The biological process and molecular function were analyzed. The protein–protein interactions and subnetwork modules were constructed. The signaling pathways were enriched. We identified 209 upregulated and 230 downregulated serum proteins. The bioinformatic analyses revealed a highly overlapped functional protein classification and the gene ontology terms between the upregulated and downregulated protein groups. Protein–protein interactions and pathway analyses showed a high enrichment in protein synthesis, inflammation, and immune response in the upregulated proteins, and cell adhesion and cytoskeleton regulation in the downregulated proteins. Our findings greatly expand the current view of the roles of serum proteins in osteoporosis and shed light on the understanding of its underlying mechanisms and the discovery of serum proteins as potential markers for the prognosis of osteoporosis.
Effects of blood flow on the antibacterial efficacy of chlorhexidine and silver sulfadiazine coated central venous catheter
Authors: Cui Yong Huan , Choi Yoon Ji , Kim Eung Hwi , Yu Joon Ho , Seong Hyun Young , Choi Sung-uk , Yoon Seung Zhoo , Huh Hyub
Published: September 2020

Background:

Chlorhexidine and silver sulfadiazine coated central venous catheters (CSS-CVC) may cause loss of antimicrobial efficacy due to friction between the CVC surface and sheer stress caused by the blood flow. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of CSS-CVC at various flow rates using a bloodstream model.

Methods:

Each CVC was subjected to various flow rates (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 L/min) and wear-out times (0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours), and the optical density (OD) 600 after a Staphylococcus aureus incubation test was used to determine the antibacterial effect of CSS-CVC.

Results:

In the 0.5 L/min group, there was no significant change in the OD600 value up to 120 hours compared with the baseline OD600 value for CSS-CVC (P > .467). However, the OD600 values of CSS-CVC in the 1 L/min (P < .001) and 2 L/min (P < .001) groups were significantly reduced up to 72 hours, while that in the 4 L/min (p < 0.001) group decreased rapidly up to 48 hours.

Conclusion:

This study suggests that there is a doubt whether sufficient antibacterial function can be maintained with prolonged duration of catheter placement.
Efficacy and safety of total glucosides of paeony for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Tang Ce , Ye Lianghong , Hu Zhipeng , Wang Wenxiang , Kuang Tingting , Fan Gang , Zhang Yi , Liu XiuHua , Yang Maoyi
Published: September 2020

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by erosion of joints and surrounding tissues. RA not only causes the decline of patients’ physical function and quality of life, but also brings huge economic burden to patients’ families and society. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) is commonly used in treating RA in China. At present, there are many clinical reports about this medicine, but these reports have their own flaws. Therefore, there is an urgent need for systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing clinical evidence.

Methods and analysis:

Literature search will be carried out in 6 databases, and the literatures will be screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The clinical effective rate will be taken as primary outcome. Serum rheumatoid factor, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Western Ontario and McMaster before and after treatment and adverse effects will be secondary outcomes. The heterogeneity of the study will be examined by χ
2 and I
2 test. To identify the source of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis will be carried out. The sensitivity test will be conducted investigate the stability of results. Funnel plot and Egger test will be used to evaluate publication bias. Finally, the quality of evidence will be summarized.

Results:

The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.

Conclusions:

This study will systematically evaluate the efficacy of TGP in the treatment of RA. The results of this study can better guide clinical practice.

OSF registration number:

DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/85QVF.
Association between the use of antibiotics and efficacy of gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel in advanced pancreatic cancer
Authors: Nakano Shintaro , Komatsu Yoshito , Kawamoto Yasuyuki , Saito Rika , Ito Ken , Nakatsumi Hiroshi , Yuki Satoshi , Sakamoto Naoya
Published: September 2020

It is unclear whether the use of antibiotics is related to the efficacy of gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GnP). Therefore, we investigated the association between the use of antibiotics and efficacy of GnP.

We conducted a retrospective single center study from January 2014 to December 2018 in Hokkaido University Hospital.

Ninety-nine patients were eligible for the study. Thirty-seven used antibiotics (U) and 62 did not use antibiotics (NU) during GnP therapy. In the U group, 15 patients used β-lactam antibiotics, 21 used new quinolones, and 1 used carbapenem. The median progression-free survival was 5.8 and 2.7 months (hazards ratio [HR] .602, 95% confidence interval [CI] .391–.928, P = .022) and the median overall survival was 11.0 and 8.4 months (HR .768, 95% CI .491–1.202, P = .248) in the U and not use antibiotics groups, respectively. Antibiotic use (HR .489, 95% CI .287–.832, P = .008) and locally advanced pancreatic cancer (HR 1.808, 95% CI 1.051–3.112, P = .032) were independent prognostic factors for progression-free survival.

Antibiotic use was associated with a higher efficacy of GnP, and therefore, it may be employed as a novel treatment strategy.
Identification of potential gene drivers of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Yi , Chi Sumin , Li Chengxin
Published: September 2020

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common skin cancer with an increasing incidence. As a pre-cancerous condition, actinic keratosis (AK) has an up to 20% risk of progression to cSCC. This study aims to define the potential genes that associated with genesis and progression of cSCC, thereby further identify critical biomarkers for the prevention, early diagnosis, and effective treatment of cSCC.

Two datasets GSE42677 and GSE45216 were downloaded from the GEO. Microarray data analysis was applied to explore the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between cSCC samples and AK samples. Then functional enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and drug-gene interaction analysis were performed to screen key genes.

A total of 711 DEGs, including 238 upregulated genes and 473 downregulated genes, were screened out. DEGs mainly involved in pathways as extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, hematopoietic cell lineage, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K-Akt) signaling pathway, and focal adhesion. Candidate genes, including upregulated genes as JUN, filamin A (FLNA), casein kinase 1 delta (CSNK1D), and histone cluster 1 H3 family member f (HIST1H3F), and downregulated genes as androgen receptor (AR), heat shock protein family H member 1 (HSPH1), tropomyosin 1 (TPM1), pyruvate kinase, muscle (PKM), LIM domain and actin binding 1 (LIMA1), and synaptopodin (SYNPO) were screened out. In drug-gene interaction analysis, 13 genes and 44 drugs were identified.

This study demonstrates that genes JUN, FLNA, AR, HSPH1, and CSNK1D have the potential to function as targets for diagnosis and treatment of cSCC.
Effectiveness and safety of massage in the treatment of anxiety and depression in patients with cancer
Authors: Qin Siyu , Xiao Yuanyi , Chi Zhenhai , Zhu Daocheng , Cheng Pan , Yu Ting , Li Haiyan , Jiao Lin
Published: September 2020

Background:

Anxiety and depression, complications of cancer, are prevalent but often overlooked mental illnesses. Studies have demonstrated that massage therapy is useful in relieving anxiety and depression of cancer survivors. However, the mechanism is still unclear and no systematic review has provided sufficient evidence for the treatment. Therefore, this protocol is carried out to comprehensively evaluate the reliability of cancer patients with anxiety and depression treated by massage.

Methods:

We will systematically search the relevant literature from PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, Wanfang, Chongqing VIP, CNKI and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database from the establishment of the databases to June 1, 2020. In addition, we will only include randomized controlled trials about massage for cancer survivors with anxiety and depression, regardless of language and publication status. Two experienced researchers will separately screen the literature, collect data, analyze data and synthesize data using RevMan V.5.3 software. The quality of the included trials in the study will be assessed by the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool.

Results:

The protocol for the meta-analysis will systematically evaluate the reliability of massage therapy for cancer patients with anxiety and depression.

Conclusion:

This conclusion will provide an important basis for evaluating whether massage is reliable in treating cancer survivors who feel anxious and depressed.

INPLASY registration number:

INPLASY202060101
The effect of trauma care systems on the mortality of injured adult patients
Authors: Jifang Wu , Liping Yang , Jing Zhu , Jie Song
Published: September 2020

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to have a comprehensive evaluation of the effect of trauma care systems on the mortality of injured adult patients.

Materials and methods:

This protocol established in this study has been reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched for all clinical trials evaluating the effect of trauma care systems on the mortality of injured adult patients until July 31, 2020. We will use a combination of Medical Subject Heading and free-text terms with various synonyms to search based on the eligibility criteria. Two investigators independently reviewed the included studies and extracted relevant data. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as effect estimate. I-square (I2) test, substantial heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias assessment will be performed accordingly. Stata 15.0 and Review Manger 5.3 are used for meta-analysis and systematic review.

Results:

The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:

The results of this review will be widely disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. This evidence may also provide a comprehensive evaluation of the effect of trauma care systems on the mortality of injured adult patients.

Registration number:

INPLASY202080058
Optimal induction chemotherapeutic regimen followed by concurrent chemotherapy plus intensity-modulated radiotherapy as first-line therapy for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wang Fangzheng , Chuner Jiang , Lei Wang , Fengqin Yan , Zhimin Ye , Quanquan Sun , Tongxin Liu , Zhenfu Fu , Yangming Jiang
Published: September 2020

For patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), induction chemotherapy (IC) regimens based on TPF (docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil), TP (docetaxel and cisplatin), and GP (gemcitabine and cisplatin) have shown excellent survival outcomes as the first-line therapy; however, no trials comparing the efficacy and safety of TPF, TP, and GP have been reported. We report 2 phase II trials comparing the treatment outcomes and side effects of 3 different IC regimens followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locoregionally advanced patients with NPC.

A total of 206 locoregionally advanced patients with NPC treated with a combination treatment from January 2012 to January 2014 were enrolled in the 2 studies. The patients received TPF-, TP-, and GP-based IC regimens every 3 weeks, followed by intensity-modulated radiotherapy and concurrent therapy with cisplatin every 3 weeks.

After a median follow-up duration of 47 months (10–60 months), the 3-year local recurrence-free survival, regional recurrence-free survival, distant metastases-free survival, progression-free survival, and overall survival rates were 96.4%, 100%, 87.7%, 86%, and 94.7% in the TPF arm; 91.7%, 95.9%, 91.9%, 85.2%, and 92% in the TP arm; 98.6%, 100%, 89.0%, 87.6%, and 89.2% in the GP arm. The survival differences among the 3 arms were not statistically significant (P > .05). The multivariate analysis demonstrated that the IC regimen was not an independent prognostic factor for any survival outcomes. The patients in the TP arm experienced significantly lower grade 3/4 toxicities than the patients in the other 2 arms.

TP-based IC regimen has similar efficacy compared with TPF- and GP-based IC regimens; however, TP-based IC regimen has a lower toxicity profile.
Multi-donor multi-course faecal microbiota transplantation relieves the symptoms of chronic hemorrhagic radiation proctitis
Authors: Zheng Ya-Mei , He Xing-Xiang , Xia Harry Hua-Xiang , Yuan Yu , Xie Wen-Rui , Cai Jie-Yi , Xu Jia-Ting , Wu Li-Hao
Published: September 2020

Rationale:

There are many treatments for chronic hemorrhagic radiation colorectal inflammation, but only a few treatments are supported by high-quality research evidence. Studies have shown that the occurrence and development of radiation proctitis are closely associated with the intestinal flora. Animal studies have indicated that faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can improve radiation enteropathy in a mouse model.

Patient concerns:

A 45-year-old female patient suffered from recurrent hematochezia and diarrhea for half a year after radiotherapy and underwent recurrent transfusion treatments. Colonoscopy showed obvious congestion of the sigmoid colon and rectal mucosa, a smooth surface, and bleeding that was easily induced by touch, which are consistent with radiation proctitis. The pathological findings revealed chronic mucosal inflammation. The magnetic resonance imaging examination of the pelvic cavity with a plain scan and enhancement showed changes after radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and no obvious tumor recurrence or metastasis was found. The laboratory examinations excluded pathogen infection.

Diagnoses:

Based on the history and examinations, the final diagnosis of this patient was chronic hemorrhagic radiation proctitis.

Interventions:

The patient was treated with a total of 4 individual courses of FMT.

Outcomes:

After the six-month follow-up, her hematochezia, abdominal pain and diarrhea were relieved. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing of the feces showed that the intestinal bacterial composition of the patient obviously changed after FMT and became similar to that of the donors.

Lessons:

This case report shows that FMT can relieve the symptoms of hematochezia and diarrhea by changing the bacterial community structure in patients with chronic hemorrhagic radiation proctitis.
5HTTLPR polymorphism and postpartum depression risk
Authors: Li Jianming , Chen Yongjun , Xiang Qin , Xiang Ju , Tang Yonghong , Tang Liang
Published: September 2020

Objective:

Postpartum depression (PPD) is an episode of major depressive disorder that affecting women of childbearing age. 5-HTTLPR is 1 of the most extensively investigated polymorphisms in PPD. However, the previous results were inconsistent and inclusive. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis to precisely evaluate the association between 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and PPD susceptibility.

Methods:

The studies were retrieved through databases including PubMed, web of science, EMASE, and CNKI. The odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) were applied for evaluating the genetic association between 5-HTTLPR (L/S) polymorphism and PPD risk.

Results:

Six studies with 519 cases and 737 controls were enrolled in the present study. The frequencies of allelic (OR = 0.72, 95%CI = 0.60–0.85,P = .0001) and dominant (OR = 0.57, 95%CI = 0.44–0.73,P = .004) models of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism significantly decreased in patients with PPD than those in the healthy controls. Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity revealed that the allelic (OR = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.60–0.85,P = .0001) and dominant (OR = 0.51, 95%CI = 0.32–0.79,P = .003) models of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism were significantly associated with PPD risk in Asian population (P > .05). No evidence was observed between the recessive model of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and PPD risk (P > .05).

Conclusions:

The allelic and dominant models of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism might be protective factors for PPD. To confirm these results, larger number of association studies or multicenter case–control studies are necessary in the future.
Fractured coracoid process with acromioclavicular joint dislocation
Authors: Zhang Wei , Huang Bingzhe , Yang Jingjing , Xue Pan , Liu Xiaoning
Published: September 2020

Rationale:

Coracoid processes (CPs) fracture with acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation are extremely rare. This combined injury has brought many challenges to surgeons, and the mechanism underlying the injury is still not fully understood. There is no clear consensus on its treatment.

Patient concerns:

Here, we describe a CP fracture with AC joint dislocation in a middle-aged manual worker.

Diagnosis:

Radiographs showed a fracture of the base of the CP and a third-degree AC joint separation.

Interventions:

The patient was treated surgically with open reduction and internal fixation of the AC joint by LCP clavicle hook plate, and the CP was fixed with a 3.5 mm diameter cannulated screw.

Outcomes:

Three months after the operation, shoulder function was completely restored, and the affected shoulder had full mobility with no tenderness. Plain film radiography showed anatomical indications of the healing of these combined injuries.

Lessons:

Although AC joint dislocation with CP fractures is extremely rare in adults, it is important to remind and remember that this possibility exists. In unclear cases, special radiographic films and CT are necessary. Surgical treatment of AC joint dislocation with CP fractures can provide solid stability and restore normal shoulder function with an excellent prognosis.
Safety and efficacy of Soyo-san for the treatment of functional dyspepsia
Authors: Ha Na-Yeon , Lee Ha-nul , Jeong Hae-in , Ko Seok-Jae , Park Jae-Woo , Kim Jinsung
Published: September 2020

Background:

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common condition characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms, such as abdominal fullness and epigastric pain. With the limitations of conventional Western medical treatments, symptoms often recur and lead to poor quality of life. Soyo-san (SYS) is a traditional herbal medicine that has been frequently used to treat indigestion. This protocol was designed to investigate the safety and efficacy of SYS for treating FD through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:

Trials will be searched from the following 11 electronic databases, up to March 2020: EMBASE, Medline (via PubMED), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), Korean Medical Database (KMbase), KoreaMed, Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS), National Digital Science Library (NDSL), Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS), China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), and Citation Information by Nii (CiNii). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of SYS or modified SYS for FD will be included in this systematic review. The effects of control interventions such as placebo, no-treatment, and conventional Western medicine will be compared with those of SYS. RCTs investigating the synergetic effect of SYS and Western medicine compared with conventional Western medicine alone will also be evaluated. Two investigators will independently extract the data and assess the risk of bias in the included studies. The total clinical effective rate will be measured as the main outcome.

Results:

This systematic review will provide data on the use of SYS in the treatment of FD, based on indicators such as dyspepsia-related symptom score, recurrence rate, and adverse events.

Conclusion:

This study will determine the safety and efficacy of SYS for the treatment of FD.

Review Registry Unique Identifying Number:

reviewregistry969.
Is elastic stable intramedullary nail a good choice for pathological fractures of the proximal femur due to simple bone cyst in pediatric population?
Authors: Li Jin , Ze Renhao , Rai Saroj , Tang Xin , Liu Ruikang , Hong Pan
Published: September 2020

Pathological fracture of the proximal femur represents a challenging situation for orthopedic surgeons because of the high risk of non-union, varus union, and avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of ESINs for the treatment of proximal femoral fractures caused by simple bone cysts (SBCs).

All the patients with a diagnosis of proximal femoral fracture secondary to SBC treated with ESINs combined with bone grafting between January 2008 and January 2018, were analyzed retrospectively.

In all, 11 patients were included in the Double ESINs group (5.1 ± 0.8 years, 5 male, 6 female) and 27 patients were included in the Triple ESINs group (9.1 ± 2.1 years, 11 male, 16 female). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups concerning the patients demographic parameters, including sex and affected side. However, the age in the Double group was significantly younger than those in the Triple group (P < .001). All patients in both groups displayed excellent outcomes according to the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score (MSTS), and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups at a 12-month follow-up evaluation (P = .10). As for the Capanna classification (1 + 2), there was no significant difference between these 2 groups (P = .24). In the Triple ESINs group, 24 (88.9%) patients were categorized in Capanna 1 and 2, whereas all patients in Double ESINs were Capanna 1 and 2. Overall, the success rate was 92%.

ESINs combined with bone grafting is a successful strategy for proximal femoral fractures caused by SBCs in the pediatric population.
Acupuncture for pain relief of women undergoing transvaginal oocyte retrieval
Authors: Guo Xiao-Li , Li Xiang , Wei Wei , Wang Rong-Rong , Xiao Fang , Liu Li-Ying , Xu Jing
Published: September 2020

Background:

Pain during oocyte retrieval, which can make the in-vitro fertilization process an unpleasant experience, is becoming a common problem. Although there are many analgesic methods available in the clinical setting, they are not therapeutically equivalent, and some are associated with varying adverse reactions. In recent years, acupuncture analgesia has been used in the perioperative period of oocyte retrieval because of its perceived efficacy and safety. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide evidence that acupuncture is effective in the treatment of vaginal oocyte retrieval pain.

Methods:

Electronic searches of the following six databases will be conducted by two qualified reviewers: MEDLINE, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Medicine database, VIP database and Wanfang database. Three clinical trial registries will also be searched: World Health Organization International Clinical Trial Registry Platform, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.Gov. All searches will cover the period from inception of the database/registry to March 2020 and will be limited to publications in English and Chinese. Data identification, data selection, data extraction, and bias risk assessment will be conducted independently by3ν two or more qualified reviewers, including those who selected the studies. Visual analogue scale scores will be calculated as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes will include results of other subjective pain rating scales, including Likert scales or other defined numerical or non-numerical scales, self-assessed by patients before, during, and after oocyte retrieval. We will use STATA software (Version 16) to perform meta-analyses, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations framework to grade the quality of evidence. If quantitative analysis is not available, a systematic narrative synthesis will be provided.

PROSPERO registration number:

CRD42020170095.
Differences of DNA methylation patterns in the placenta of large for gestational age infant
Authors: Shen Zheng , Tang Yanfei , Song Yemei , Shen Wenxia , Zou Chaochun
Published: September 2020

To investigate the molecular mechanisms of later metabolic health changes in large for gestational age (LGA) newborns by analyzing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation patterns in the placenta of LGA and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) newborns.

A total of 6 placentas of LGA and 6 placentas of AGA newborns were enrolled as LGA group and AGA group. DNA methylation was analyzed using the Illumina Infinium Human MethylationEPIC BeadChip microarrays and verified via pyrosequencing and reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Functional enrichment analysis were constructed by gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis based on the differentially methylated regions between LGA and AGA groups.

Clinical investigation showed that LGA newborns had significantly lower hemoglobin and blood glucose compared to AGA newborns. Birth weight was negatively correlated to hemoglobin and blood glucose. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis identified 17 244 methylation variable positions achieving genome-wide significance (adjusted P < .05). 34% methylation variable positions were located in the gene promoter region. A total of 117 differentially methylated regions were revealed by bump hunting analysis, which mapped to 107 genes. Function analysis showed 13 genes enriched in “adhesion and infection process, endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption, calcium signaling pathway and transmembrane transport”. Four genes linked to type II diabetes mellitus. Among the 13 genes, we selected GNAS and calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 G for independent verification of pyrosequencing, and the messenger ribonucleic acid levels of guanine nucleotide binding protein, calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 G, DECR1, and FK506 binding protein 11 were verified by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

DNA methylation variation and gene expression differences in placental samples were associated with LGA newborns, which linking the effect of intrauterine environment to regulation of the offspring's gene expression. Furthermore, pathway analysis suggested that intrauterine environment affecting fetal growth might had a functional impact on multiple signaling pathways involved in fetal growth, metabolism, and inflammation. Further studies were required to understand the differences of methylation patterns.