bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Army’s battlefield parks in the US national park system: From grafted branch to poisoned fruit
Authors: Weber Joe , Sultana Selima
Published: September 2024

The first set of parks created by the United States government under uniform administration was a set of Civil War battlefields under the control of the War Department, or Army. The first battlefield parks were created in the 1890s and expanded into a much larger system stretching across the country. The Army developed these parks with visitor facilities and extensive memorials and monuments. In 1933 the entire system was transferred to the National Park Service and became part of the national park system. These units had been sought by the Park Service to expand the geographical and thematic diversity of its holdings. This work explores the creation of this system by the Army and what has happened to these units after their absorption into the park system. While most were expanded and became more typical park units, others were removed from the system, leaving two in their original condition.
Shifting Baselines: Visualizing Climate Change in America’s National Parks
Authors: Lines Lee
Published: September 2024

This visual essay highlights four national parks where the impacts of climate change are well-documented and visually compelling (Everglades, Mesa Verde, Joshua Tree, and Mount Rainier). In drawing attention to these visible climate impacts and effectively interpreting the changes in situ, the park service can play a key role in clarifying the issue of climate change for the American public. Park managers and other park professionals have undoubtedly identified locations in their own management units offering similar opportunities to engage visitors in the science of climate change (either through on-site signage or ranger-led programs). The photographs comprising this visual essay, taken over eight weeks of fieldwork from 2017 to 2024, are intended to spark ideas and move the conversation forward.
Being Human
Authors: Penniman Naima
Published: September 2024

A poem in the "Verse in Place" section of Parks Stewardship Forum.
INFLUENCE OF AGRICULTURE COUNSELING AGENT’S PERFORMANCE AND SMART FARMING TECHNOLOGY USAGE ON FARMERS' BEHAVIOR
Authors: Basir Adil , Sutawi Sutawi , Yudi Ariadi Bambang , Sapar Sapar , Tonda Rusli , Marhani Marhani , Rosa Imelda
Published: September 2024

This study examines the influence of agricultural counseling performance and smart farming technology on farmer behavior in Luwu Regency, Indonesia. The region, known for its significant agricultural activities, provides a suitable context for this research. Employing a quantitative approach with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the study involves 100 purposively sampled farmers actively engaged in extension activities and using agricultural technology. Data collection was conducted through a validated and reliable Likert-scale questionnaire. The findings reveal that both agricultural counseling performance and smart farming technology usage significantly improve farmer behavior, contributing to better farm management and increased agricultural productivity. Potential biases from purposive sampling were mitigated through diverse sample selection, data triangulation, and rigorous statistical analysis. These results highlight the importance of effective extension services and modern technology in enhancing agricultural practices and farmer welfare in Luwu Regency.
The Early Formation of the Moscow School of Landscape Painting. Landscape Class of the Moscow School of Painting and Sculpture (MUZHV), 1844–1857
Authors: Surovyatkina E. A.
Published: September 2024

The article delves into the formative years of the landscape class at the Moscow School of Painting and Sculpture (MUZHV), whose growth parallels the advancement of the landscape genre in Russia during the latter half of the 1 9th century. It explores the pioneering efforts of Karl Ivanovich Rabus, the inaugural head of the class, and evaluates his instructional techniques in landscape painting. His methods introduced academic traditions of landscape painting to the School, thereby laying the groundwork for its future development. Additionally, the article delineates the challenges encountered by the nascent landscape painting tradition, attributable to a range of internal and external factors.

Drawing from archival records and periodical sources, the author endeavors to reconstruct a detailed portrayal of the class's early years (1844-1857), emphasizing the pivotal role of students in the evolution of artistic life and the formation of the art market in Moscow. The research enhances scholarly knowledge by bringing into focus the identities of the class's students, most of whom are lesser-known artists, alongside their artistic creations, enriching our comprehension of Russian landscape painting during the late 1800s.
Ink Drawing Technique: Prescriptions from the Nineteenth-Century Art School According to Gustave Frepon
Authors: Stepanian E. V. , Fomicheva D. V.
Published: September 2024

Continuing its series of articles on drawing techniques, Secreta Artis presents an abridged and adapted translation of a unique text from a manual on ink drawing methods, accompanied by a commentary. The text and illustrations, which outline and demonstrate three pen techniques: lining, hatching, and dotting (extremely rare and methodologically valuable information), were published in 1897 in the French artist Gustave Fraipont's book "L'art d'appliquer ses connaissances en dessin: fusain, crayon, plume, eau-forte, lithographie, execution des dessins pour la photogravure et la gravure sur bois, l'art de prendre un croquis". Fraipont's comprehensive work explores a wide array of graphic arts, including charcoal, pencil, etching, lithography, woodcut, and more.

However, despite the popularity of G. Fraipont's works in the latter half of the 19th century, including seven manuals on watercolor painting, composition, drafting, and sketching that were translated and published in Moscow and St. Petersburg between 1893 and 1895, his work on ink drawing techniques was not translated into Russian. This material is highly relevant for studying the history of 19th-century graphics, the academic art school of that era, and for mastering drawing techniques.
Roubloff: the Secrets Behind Crafting Brushes for Artists
Authors: Frolova T. V.
Published: September 2024

Roubloff® - компания полного производственного цикла. Все этапы создания кистей от обработки волоса и сборки волосяного пучка до изготовления ручки и упаковки выполняются в цехах предприятия с применением современных высоких стандартов производства и сопровождаются строгим контролем качества каждой кисти.
On Locating Paintings, Graphics, and Sculptures Defended as Creative Theses on Art History in the USSR
Authors: Stepanenkova V. M.
Published: September 2024

The article summarizes the initial findings of research aimed at identifying the locations of paintings, graphics, and sculptures that were defended as creative theses for the degree of Candidate of Art History in the period from 1950 to 1955. These dissertations were defended at the Repin Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture and Surikov Moscow State Art Institute. The inquiry has identified works of painting and graphic art present in the State Museum Fund of the Russian Federation, along with the locations of sculptures, including monumental artworks.
Jute/Polyester Composite Development: Radiation Effects Determination
Authors: Mollah M Z I , Islam M R , Mahmud S H , Faruque M R I
Published: September 2024

Jute fabrics served as reinforcements in the field of natural fiber-based composites. A 4-layer jute-polyester matrix composites are developed using a stacking sequence. The mechanical performance of the jute/polyester composites was evaluated as an improvement using γ-irradiation dosages of 2.5, 5 kGy, 7.5, and 10.0 kGy. After irradiation, the tensile properties of jute/polyester composites increased significantly, TS 15.77 %, BS 30.93 %, and IS 15 %. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis showed good fiber-matrix adhesion, while Energy Dispersive Spectrum (EDS) exhibited carbon and oxygen. To sum up, 7.5 kGy is an effective dose for enhancing the properties of jute/polyester resin which will open a new research avenue for natural fiber-matrix composite development.
Influence of male parental on germinative power of oil palm seeds
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santo Domingo, Km 38 vía Santo Domingo – Quinindé, Zambrano Marcillo Silvia Madelein , Navarrete Párraga Mercedes Elizabeth ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santo Domingo, Km 38 vía Santo Domingo – Quinindé, Romero Pizarro Martha Alicia ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santo Domingo, Km 38 vía Santo Domingo – Quinindé, Paredes Puga Ernesto ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santo Domingo, Km 38 vía Santo Domingo – Quinindé, Arguello Villacrés Mayra Lourdes ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santo Domingo, Km 38 vía Santo Domingo – Quinindé, Defaz Fierro Silvana Rosario ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Santo Domingo, Km 38 vía Santo Domingo – Quinindé, Ortega Cedillo Dígner Santiago
Published: September 2024

The National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIAP) uses female parentals (Dura -Deli) and male parentals (Pisifera) from different origins to obtain the hybrid INIAP -Tenera of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq). The objective was to evaluate the influence of the male parental on the germination of African oil palm seeds. Seeds from 20 bunches, resulting from the crossing of 10 Dura plants with pollen from two Pisifera plants, were subjected to the germination process. The process involved eight days of imbibition 1, 80 days of heating, 24 hours of drying, four days of imbibition 2, and six hours of drying. One hundred seeds per treatment and per repetition were evaluated using a completely randomized design, assisted by Tukey's test at 5%. The results showed that seeds from Dura plants D1, D8, and D9 crossed with the male parental P1 achieved a higher percentage of optimal germination and statistical differences compared to seeds from the same Dura plants crossed with Pisifera P2. Of the 10 Duraprogenitors studied, seven (D1, D3, D4, D5, D8, D9, D10) crossed with Pisifera P1 achieved an average optimal germination rate above 50%, while only two of the Dura plants (D3 and D5) evaluated and crossed with Pisifera P2 achieved an optimal germination rate equal to or above 50%. This demonstrated that the germination of Tenera seeds (Dura x Pisifera) of African oil palm is highly related to the male parental use.
Estudio de caso a persona con riesgo de perfusión cerebral ineficaz secundario a hemorragia intraparenquimatosa, basado en la filosofía de Virginia Henderson
Authors: Tolentino-Pérez Rocío Brenda , Alejandro-Escobar Silvia
Published: September 2024

Introducción: La hemorragia intraparenquimatosa es una patologia que representa entre el 10 % y 15 % de los accidentes cerebrovasculares; causa una alta mortalidad o deja graves efectos neurologicos.
Objetivo: Desarrollar un estudio de caso a una persona con riesgo de perfusion cerebral ineficaz secundario a hemorragia intraparenquimatosa, basado en la filosofia de Virginia Henderson.
Metodología: Estudio observacional y cualitativo. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante un instrumento de valoracion basado en las 14 necesidades basicas de Virginia Henderson. Se utilizo el método sistematico Proceso de Atencion de Enfermeria (PAE). Se realizo una revision de la literatura a traves de las bases de datos Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Scielo, Redalyc y Google academico. Se consideraron los lineamientos de la Ley General de Salud en Materia de Investigacion NOM-012-SSA3-2012 y el uso de consentimiento informado.
Presentación del estudio de caso: Mujer de 41 anos con diagnostico de hemorragia intraparenquimatosa, postoperada, con craniectomia descompresiva e histerectomia. En la unidad de terapia intensiva adultos (UTIA) se encontro con elevacion de presion intracraneal y datos de bajo gasto cardiaco, mediante medidas de neuroproteccion como la hipotermia terapeutica.
Aplicación del proceso de enfermería: Se aplicaron las 5 etapas del PAE y se realizaron planes de enfermeria para resolver necesidades alteradas.
Plan de alta: Se desarrollo un plan para darle continuidad a los cuidados proporcionados a la persona con secuelas neurologicas.
Conclusiones: A pesar de las bajas probabilidades de sobrevivencia, la atencion brindada en la UTIA logro conservar la vida humana, aunque con secuelas neurologicas irreparables.
DIREITOS HUMANOS E LIMITES À JURISDIÇÃO DOMÉSTICA
Authors: Fogaça de Moraes William Matheus
Published: September 2024

Work presented with the goal of examining the relationship between Human Rights and Sovereignty from a different approach to the the principles of sovereignty and nonintervention. Beyond that, it has been discussed the possibility to deal with the human rights subject from an international stance in as much as it has not been an issue to be dealt with as an internal affair of a state anymore. From the study, it might be concluded that a new interpretation of human rights laws and principles of international law, such as the nonintervention might strenghten the human rights protection system. The deductive method was adopted through the content exam and bibliographic review of books and articles and analysis of decisions  International Courts related to the topic addressed.
O PROCESSO DE LEITURA COM O USO DAS TECNOLOGIAS
Authors: Marliene Maria
Published: September 2024

This text is an excerpt from the Master’s Dissertation that addresses TRANSFORMATION OF THE REALITY OF READING PRACTICE WITH THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY – 2nd GRADE OF HIGH SCHOOL. The work sought to verify the challenges and possibilities of digital reading in the school context. Based on relevant theoretical foundations (CHARTIER, 1999, 2003; COLOMER, 2007; ROJO, 1998; SOBRAL, 2002; TERRA, 2015), initially, a questionnaire was applied in order to understand the students’ reading preferences. Next, reading practices were carried out in print and digital media to evaluate students’ reception of literary reading on different platforms. From the data obtained, we found that digital reading is an important tool to be used by educators as it allows instant access to the text anywhere. However, this type of reading does not minimize the importance of printed books, as, even with access to the internet, many students show a preference for contact with paper when reading and even those who enjoy reading digitally do not rule out the practice. reading in print.
Proposta de uma Estrutura Ética em Pesquisa
Authors: De Toledo Thiago Ferreira
Published: September 2024

Throughout human history, human beings have sought ways to improve their living conditions, where, at first, the challenges were to create ways to protect themselves from animals and the climate, then they began to produce tools and utensils to facilitate their daily chores. Today, we explore everything from the smallest particles to the distant planets, and information and communication technologies allow us to share knowledge on a global level. In view of this, due to the prerogatives that new technologies offer, it is vital to consider good ethical values so that research can fulfil its true social role, as it is a means of expanding knowledge, which is also used to create services and products in order to meet some of the necessity of life. Research has the potential to profoundly alter society, and so it needs to be planned and executed with integrity and ethics for the well-being of individuals and the progress of civilisation. Given this context, this paper aims to present a Research Ethics Framework that can assist researchers to assess the ethicality of what they intend to investigate, or to evaluate a completed work. The Research Ethics Framework was applied to a completed research study where it was found that, although, in general, it was conducted ethically, it could nevertheless have been submitted to a Research Ethics Committee so that it could have an independent backing on its ethicality.
Media Pembelajaran Mekameka Berbasis Digital Berbantuan Unity3d: Keterampilan Menyusun Kalimat Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Mutmainah Mutmainah , Alamsyah Trian Pamungkas , Setiawan Sigit
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Proses pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis digital Mekameka. (2) Kelayakan media pembelajaran berbasis digital Mekameka. (3) Respon siswa terhadap penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis digital Mekameka di kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan model ADDIE Robert Maribe Branch dan metode Research and Development (R&D). Tahapan penelitian ini meliputi (1) analisis, (2) desain, (3) pengembangan, (4) implementasi, dan (5) evaluasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SDN Saruni 2 Pandeglang. Untuk menilai kelayakan media pembelajaran Mekameka digunakan angket dan skala penilaian dengan menggunakan skala likert yang disusun secara berjenjang dari skor tertinggi 5 sampai dengan skor terendah 1. Berdasarkan hasil validasi, hasil penilaian ahli media memperoleh persentase rata-rata sebesar 98,3% dengan kategori sangat layak; ahli materi/isi memberikan persentase sebesar 90,8%, dengan kategori sangat layak; ahli bahasa memberikan persentase sebesar 97,27%, dengan kategori sangat layak; dan rata-rata respon siswa di SDN Saruni 2 Pandeglang sebesar 85,2%. Dengan demikian, kami berpendapat bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis digital Mekameka sangat layak untuk digunakan.
Assessing the Tropospheric Impacts on Positioning Accuracy Using IGS02 Real-Time Service Data Versus Long-Convergence Static PPP in Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Atoki, Lucas Olu.  , Ono, Matthew N.  , Ono, Matthew N.  , Ibraheem, Sikiru Temitope
Published: September 2024

Abstract: The International Association of Geodesy (IAG) has established the International GNSS Service-Real Time Service (IGS-RTS) as a service provider, offering real-time access to precise products like orbits, clock corrections, and code biases regarding satellite navigation and positioning system. These products serve as an alternative to ultra-rapid products in real-time applications. The performance of these products is assessed through daily statistics from Analysis Centres, which compare them to IGS rapid products. However, the accuracy of GPS real-time corrections for satellites during eclipsing periods was slightly reduced, attributed to the impact of environmental factors on the services. The speed of GNSS signals can be impacted by various atmospheric factors, including troposphere, temperature, pressure, and humidity, resulting in positioning inaccuracies and even giving rooms for signal jamming and hijacking. However, the unique weather conditions prevalent in the African continent are often overlooked during the development of error mitigation parameters and algorithms, which can lead to reduced accuracy in GNSS positioning in a region like Nigeria. The purpose of this study is to estimate the tropospheric impact on positioning with IGS02 Real Time Service data compared to long convergence Static-PPP in Gwagwalada Area Council, Abuja, Nigeria. The study adopts the determination of the GNSS Static observations (minimum of two hours per session) on the chosen stations as standard, determination of the IGS-RTS data observations using RTKLIB software; observations were done with IGS-RTS data stream of IGS02 and statistical tests were performed. The GNSS Static coordinates and IGS-RTS coordinates were validated from error due to troposphere, temperature, pressure, etc., with the computation of their mean horizontal and vertical uncertainties which have a similar level of accuracy but slightly differ at centimeter levels. The result shows the Root Mean Square (RMS) Error discrepancy of IGS02 at the Wet and Dry season, as compared with the Static-PPP was within 0.065(m) and 0.046(m) respectively.
Preventive Maintenance Planning for Machines Computer Numerical Control (CNC) Type Hurco Vmx24 to Improve Reliability Using the Reability Centered Maintenance (RCM) Method (Case Study)
Authors: Shintia Puspita Dewi  , Siti Rosimah  , Ris Nurjaman  , Hennie Husniah
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This paper presents the results of the analysis of Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine components that result in decreased machine efficiency in the production system with the Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) approach. Utilized to improve the performance of machine components. The machine has not been maintained regularly so that at any time the machine can experience damage which results in losses to the company's income. so that an analysis is designed for maintenance planning management activities with the methodology of identifying and analyzing failure factors using the Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMECA) worksheet, Logic Tree Analysis (LTA), and finally the Action Road Map. The results of the analysis carried out are divided into three categories of maintenance actions, namely, Condition Direction (CD) maintenance, Time Directed (TD) maintenance, Finding Failure (FF) maintenance with a periodic checking interval of 2 times within a period of 12 days.
Effects of Non-Tariff Barriers on Promotion of East African Community Integration: A Case of Magasins Généraux du Rwanda
Authors: Muhirwa Yves Desire , Iradukunda Nadia , Waweru Michael
Published: September 2024

Regional integration in East Africa has proven to strengthen investments within member nations. However, differing non-tariff barrier policies among East African Community (EAC) partner states have posed significant challenges to progress. This study assessed the effects of non-tariff barriers on the promotion of EAC integration, using Magasins Généraux du Rwanda (MAGERWA) as a case study. Specifically, the study evaluated the effects of technical barriers to trade, analysed the impact of import quotas, and scrutinised the effects of foreign exchange restrictions on EAC integration. The study was anchored in three theories: Liberal Intergovernmentalism Theory, Economic Integration Theories, and the Heckscher-Ohlin Theory. It used a descriptive research design with both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The target population consisted of 2,045 individuals. A sample size of 335 was determined using the Yamane formula and selected through both simple random and purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey and analysed using SPSS version 26. Bivariate analysis, including P-values, was used to evaluate the relationship between independent and dependent categorical variables. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation, as well as single and multiple logistic regression models, were used to assess the strength of the relationships. A p-value < 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval were used for inference. Results were presented in frequency and cross-tabulation tables. The study found that technical barriers to trade had a statistically significant relationship with the promotion of EAC integration (r = 0.953, p<0.05). Similarly, import quotas showed a significant relationship with EAC integration (r = 0.954). Foreign exchange limitations also demonstrated a significant correlation with EAC integration, with a correlation coefficient of.966. The regression analysis showed a mean square of 199.267 and a residual mean square of 0.107, with an F-value of 1864.147 and a p-value of.000b. The researcher suggested that EAC member states should implement the planned goals of the community to promote free trade in the region, thereby enhancing economic integration.
Determinants of the Root Causes and Success Factors for the East African Community Regional Force Intervention in Managing Intractable Intrastate Conflicts in the DRC
Authors: Manana Robert Santos , Matanga Frank Khachina , Maloba Edmond Were
Published: September 2024

Globally, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has had one of the most intractable conflicts. Several attempts, ranging from global, continental, and regional levels, have been made to address these conflicts with little success. The deployment of the East African Community Regional Force (EACRF) in 2022, a period characterized by the emergence and intensification of the March 23 Movement (M23) — a rebel group that seeks to advance the interests of the Congolese Tutsi ethnic group within the DRC military and political system — was envisaged to change the fortunes regarding the conflicts in the DRC. This was because it would be the first localized attempt at intervention. However, since the intervention of the East African Community Regional Force (EACRF) in the DRC, there seems to have been little progress regarding the management of intractable conflicts. This paper sought to investigate the determinants of the success of the EACRF intervention in the management of the DRC’s intractable intra-state conflict. The study is underpinned by the interpretivism research philosophy, and the paper was anchored on Conflict Transformation Theory to sustain the study variables. The researcher adopted two research designs — descriptive survey and historical longitudinal research designs — to ensure valid research results. The target population was 297, from which a sample of 177 was derived, including EACRF ground personnel, military attachés, members of the local community, leaders of rebel groups, and refugees, who were sampled using census, simple random, snowballing, and purposive sampling techniques. The study findings established that EACRF's success was inhibited by a number of factors: 91 (60.66%) respondents acknowledged that institutional weaknesses in East African Community (EAC) states contribute to prolonged conflicts in the DRC. Additionally, 43 (28.66%) respondents stated that regional security competition, namely power rivalry, affects the management of the DRC conflict. Furthermore, 8 (5.33%) respondents cited the informal economy, and 8 (5.33%) respondents mentioned trans-border social networks as additional factors contributing to the complexity of internal conflict in the DRC. The paper concludes that the EACRF has had limited success due to several factors, thereby inhibiting its management of intractable intra-state conflicts in the DRC. The paper recommended that the EAC strategically focus on region-centric intervention in New Warfare in eastern DRC, especially in the Republics of Burundi, Rwanda, and Uganda, given that rebel groups originating from these nations frequently operate in the Eastern Region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Strengthening good governance in these states, including the DRC, is necessary to quell ethnic unrest that fuels internal and regional conflicts within the EAC.
Determinants and Extent of Tax Compliance among SMEs in Arusha City Council, Tanzania
Authors: Mchukwa Ephrahim Welnery , Mbwambo Seth Kenedi
Published: September 2024

Taxes have been a nourishing commodity in generating revenues liable for financing governments’ budgets all over the world. This being the fact, this study examined the determinants and extent of tax compliance in SMEs in Arusha City Council which was the specific objective of this study. This was a cross-sectional study which employed a double Hurdle regression model to analyze primary data collected from a sample of 100 SMEs’ owners obtained by simple random sampling to represent the entire population of SMEs owners via questionnaire and analyzed with STATA software version 17. Using the economic deterrence theory to guide the analysis of this study, the analysis found that Male entrepreneurs dominate the SME sector, SME owners understand tax regulations and undergo frequent tax audits. Further, the findings revealed that privately owned SMEs, primarily ran by persons in their mid-30s are flexible with an average workforce of nine employees. Furthermore, SMEs were found to generate feasible profits and fulfill tax compulsions by paying an average tax rate. Moreover, the double hurdle regression model shown that age and profits have negative effect on tax payments, and higher household size of SMEs owners are associated with higher tax payments. Additionally, publicly owned enterprises positively comply with tax. Therefore, given these findings, this study recommends to policymakers to streamline tax procedures and develop a platform to discuss tax rates with tax payers before implementing the planned tax obligations.
Chilean Observation Network De MeteOr Radars (CONDOR): Multi-Static System Configuration & Wind Comparison with Co-located Lidar
Authors: Qiao Zishun , Liu Alan Z. , Stober Gunter , Fuentes Javier , Vargas Fabio , Adami Christian L. , Reid Iain M.
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The Chilean Observation Network De MeteOr Radars (CONDOR) commenced deployment in June 2019 and became fully operational in February 2020. It is a multi-static meteor radar system consisting of three ~1º latitudinally separated stations. The main (central) station is located at the Andes Lidar Observatory (ALO, 30.25º S, 70.74º W) and is used for both transmission and reception. The two remote sites are located to the north and south and are used for reception only. The southern station is located at the Southern Cross Observatory (SCO, 31.20º S, 71.00º W) and the northern station is located at Las Campanas Observatory (LCO, 29.02º S, 70.69º W). The successful deployment and maintenance of CONDOR provide 24/7 measurements of horizontal winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT), and permit the retrieval of spatially resolved horizontal winds, vertical winds, and temperatures. This is possible because of the high meteor detection rates. Over 30,000 quality controlled underdense meteor echoes are detected at the ALO each day and in total ~88,000 events are detected each day over the three sites. In this paper, we present the system configuration of the CONDOR and discuss the validation and initial results of its data products. The motivations of deploying the CONDOR system also include the combination of results with other co-located ground-based instruments at the ALO, which provide uniquely cross-validated and cross-scale observations of the MLT dynamics with multiple scientific goals.
Passive seismic imaging of ore deposits using coda wave interferometry: a case study of Akanvaara V-Cr-PGE deposit in Northern Finland
Authors: Afonin Nikita , Kozlovskaya Elena , Moisio Kari , Yang Shenghong , Sarala Jouni
Published: September 2024

Abstract. In this study, we present an innovative method to image the inner structure of orthomagmatic ore deposits using P-wave coda of regional seismic events. We combine data processing and interpretation schemes from conventional passive seismic interferometry and teleseismic receiver function (RF) method. We hypothesize that correlation of P-wave coda recorded by three-component sensors can be used to evaluate body wave part of empirical Green's tensor, from which arrivals of reflected and converted waves could be extracted. To test our hypothesis, we installed a high-resolution seismic array (profile) with 606 seismic instruments on the Akanvaara V-Cr-PGE deposit in Northern Finland above the inclined zones of V-Cr mineralization, placed inside ultramafic intrusion. From the regional seismic catalogue, provided by the Institute of Seismology, University of Helsinki, we selected the P-wave coda of 363 regional seismic events to evaluate body wave part of empirical Green's tensor by passive seismic interferometry. Further interpretation of the tensor allowed us to identify arrivals of PS and SP waves, converted at Cr and V mineralization zones. We conducted numerical simulation of plane wave interaction with the synthetic Akanvaara deposit model compiled from geological and drilling data and found that Green's tensors evaluated from synthetic seismograms and from seismic data contain similar converted PS and SP arrivals. To calculate depths to the conversion boundaries, we obtained S-wave velocity model using MASW method. According to calculated depths and geological model compiled from drilling data we suggest that the converted arrivals correspond to continuation of the Cr and V mineralized zones. Therefore, using the empirical Green's tensor, evaluated from P-wave coda of regional seismic events can be an effective tool for orthomagmatic ore deposits exploration in both greenfield and brownfield cases. In this paper we are describing details of the passive seismic experiment, numerical simulation, data processing and interpretation.
Deep water of the Gdansk Deep (Baltic Sea): development over the last 20 years
Authors: Kapustina Mariia , Bubnova Ekaterina
Published: September 2024

Abstract. This study examines the development of the deep layer of the Gdansk Deep in the Baltic Sea over the past 20 years (2003–2023), with a focus on changes in dissolved oxygen levels and hydrological parameters following major Baltic inflows (MBIs) in 2003 and 2014 The Gdansk Deep has experienced significant changes within deep layer in 2003–2023, with increasing temperature, stable salinity, and decreasing dissolved oxygen content. The temperature increases in the deep layer of the Gdansk Deep may be attributed to increased number of warm summer inflows and global ocean temperature rise. Data from environmental monitoring and various sources was used to describe seasonal and interannual variations in dissolved oxygen concentration and suggests potential additional sources of oxygen apart from MBIs, including deep convection and intra-pycnocline intrusions.
Theoretical Framework for Measuring Cloud Effective Supersaturation Fluctuations with an Advanced Optical System
Authors: Kuang Ye , Tao Jiangchuan , Xu Hanbin , Liu Li , Liu Pengfei , Xu Wanyun , Xu Weiqi , Sun Yele , Zhao Chunsheng
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Supersaturation is crucial in cloud physics, determining aerosol activation and influencing cloud droplet size distributions, yet its measurement remains challenging and poorly constrained. This study proposes a theoretical framework to simultaneously observe critical activation diameter and hygroscopicity of activated aerosols through direct measurements of scattering and water induced scattering enhancement of interstitial and activated aerosols, enabling effective supersaturation measurements. Advanced optical systems based on this framework allows minute- to second-level effective supersaturation measurements, capturing fluctuations vital to cloud microphysics. Although currently limited to clouds with supersaturations below ~ 0.2 % due to small scattering signals from sub-100 nm aerosols, advancements in optical sensors could extend its applicability. Its suitability for long-term measurements allows for climatological studies of fogs and mountain clouds. When equipped with aerial vehicles, the system could also measure aloft clouds. Therefore, the proposed theory serving a valuable way for both short-term and long-term cloud microphysics and aerosol-cloud interaction studies.
An estimate of the eddy diffusivity tensor from observed and simulated Lagrangian trajectories in the Benguela Upwelling System
Authors: Oelerich Ria , Gülk Birte , Dräger-Dietel Julia , Griesel Alexa
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Lateral mixing of unresolved processes in ocean models is usually parameterized with a scalar diffusivity, although the mixing can be highly anisotropic. Estimating the full diffusivity tensor from Lagrangian dispersion observations is challenging because shear dispersion from background currents can prevent the diffusive limit from being reached. This study investigates the diffusivity tensor with Lagrangian single  and pair particle statistics in the Benguela upwelling region, using one set of Lagrangian trajectories derived from a recent drifter data set with hourly resolution and background currents from the OSCAR surface current product, and another set from simulations using the 1/10 ° Parallel Ocean Program (POP) simulation. Theory predicts that pair particle diffusivities, expected to be independent of background mean flows, are twice the single particle diffusivities if the pair velocities are uncorrelated. In this study it is found that although pair particle diffusivities are much less influenced by mean flow they are generally significantly smaller than twice the single particle diffusivities. Subtracting the mean flow reduces this discrepancy and improves convergence in both methods, although single particle diffusivities remain higher. Velocity autocorrelations decay faster than pair correlations, with mean flow subtraction accelerating decorrelation, especially in the zonal direction. The pair correlation term in the diffusivity equation contributes significantly to the differences between single particle and pair particle diffusivities, explaining why pair particle diffusivities are generally smaller making them a less accurate estimate in diffusive parameterizations. In both the POP simulation and the observations, convergence properties improve significantly after mean flow subtraction.  Mean flow removal plays a critical role in achieving convergence in the xx and xy tensor components as well as in the major axis component after diagonalization. The significant anisotropy in the diffusivity tensor is mainly explained by the anisotropy in the Lagrangian integral time scales, while the major axis component of the velocity variance tensor is only about 1.2 times the minor axis component. The motions that are not resolved by the OSCAR surface currents product, but captured by the surface drifters, contribute significantly to the diffusivities, accounting for 8 % and 42 % of the xx and yy components, respectively, after mean flow subtraction. This study highlights the importance of including the full diffusivity tensor in the Benguela upwelling region in lateral mixing parameterizations.
The Effect of Combined Strength, Plyometric, and Sprint Training on Repeated Sprint Ability in Team-Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Hengxian , Li Rui , Zheng Wen , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , de Villarreal Eduardo Sáez , Zhang Mingxin
Published: September 2024

Repeated sprint ability (RSA) is crucial for success in team sports, and involves both neuromuscular and metabolic factors. While single-mode training (SGL; e.g., sprint training) and combined training (CT; e.g., sprint + plyometric) can improve RSA, whether CT offers additional benefits compared to SGL or active controls maintaining routine training (CON) remains uncertain in team-sport athletes. This study evaluates the effect of CT versus SGL and CON on the RSA of team-sport athletes. A comprehensive search was conducted in five electronic databases. Thirteen studies involving 394 males and 28 females, aged 14 to 26 years, were included. The random effects model for meta-analyses revealed greater improvement in RSA mean after CT compared to SGL (Hedge's g effect size [g] = -0.46; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: -0.82, -0.10; p < 0.01) and CON (g = -1.39; 95% CI: -2.09, -0.70; p < 0.01). CT also improved RSA best compared to CON (g = -1.17; 95% CI: -1.58, -0.76; p < 0.01). The GRADE analyses revealed low- to very-low certainty of evidence in all meta-analyses. Subgroup analysis revealed that plyometric + sprint training yielded greater RSA mean (g = -1.46) and RSA best (g = -1.35) improvement than plyometric + resistance + sprint training and resistance + sprint training. The effects of CT on RSA did not differ according to age (≥ 18 vs. < 18), sports (e.g., soccer vs. basketball vs. handball), or RSA test type (linear sprint vs. sprint with change-of-direction). Studies showed an overall high risk of bias (ROB 2). In conclusion, CT may be improving team-sport athletes' RSA more effectively than SGL (small effect size) and CON (large effect size), particularly when CT involves plyometric + sprint training.
Marqueurs de discours et fonction métalinguistique: à propos de c'est vite dit et (que) se dice pronto
Authors: Álvarez-Castro Camino
Published: September 2024

Dans cet article, nous centrerons notre réflexion sur le marqueur c’est vite dit en français contemporain et nous proposerons une étude contrastive avec la forme espagnole (que) se dice pronto. Au délà d’une certaine parenté formelle et autres points de convergence, il n’est pas moins vrai que leur degré de figement et la diversité des effets de sens qu’on rencontre en discours attirent notre attention sur les points de divergence. Notre intérêt est de montrer que c’est vite dit et(que) se dice pronto se prêtent à une analyse en tant que commentaires métalinguistiques participant au fait autonymique en discours. Or, leurs respectives stratégies discursives les éloignent dans la mesure où c’est vite dit marque l’anti-orientation argumentative, alors que (que) se dice pronto fait entrer en ligne le réajustement de la force argumentative. Afin de justifier nos hypothèses, nous proposerons une série de criteres, tant distributionnels que sémantico-pragmatiques, pour montrer les différentes stratégies discursives mises en place.
Reconocimiento y valoración de las variedades cultas hispanoamericanas por parte de los sevillanos: datos del proyecto PRECAVES XXI
Authors: Santana Marrero Juana
Published: September 2024

En esta investigación sondeamos las creencias y actitudes lingüísticas hacia las cinco variedades cultas hispanoamericanas de una muestra representativa de sujetos sevillanos, sociolingüísticamente estratificados. Para ello se empleó la metodología del proyecto PRECAVES XXI. Algunos resultados destacados fueron: 1) la forma de hablar de estas áreas geolectales no se corresponde con el modelo idiomático de los encuestados; 2) las variedades más y menos reconocidas fueron la rioplatense y la chilena, respectivamente; 3) las valoraciones directas arrojaron cierta tendencia a mostrar mayor estima hacia los acentos menos conocidos; 4) las valoraciones indirectas pusieron de manifiesto, por lo general, puntuaciones bastante positivas, aunque se apreciaron algunas bajadas en rasgos relativos a la proyección socioeconómica de las personas y del país; y 5) las valoraciones de las mujeres fueron a menudo más amables que las de los hombres.
Reformulation Markers in Spanish and Korean: An Intercultural Rhetoric Study
Authors: Kim Heejung
Published: September 2024

The aim of this paper is to investigate the use of Spanish and Korean reformulation markers against the backdrop of a contrastive / intercultural rhetoric approach (Kaplan, 1966; Hinds, 1987; Clyne, 1994; Connor, 2008, 2011). In order to carry out the analysis, following a line of previous research papers in Murillo (2007, 2012), an empirical study using Spanish and Korean journalistic corpus was performed. The results obtained demonstrate significant disparity between the use of Spanish and Korean RMs when approached from a linguistic-intercultural rhetoric perspective, more specifically as to the use of double reformulation -the repetition of the Korean markers (jeuk… jeuk… / got… got…)-, some particular rhetorical patterns of the Korean marker got, denoting its cultural idiosyncrasy, and the discourse processes, such as ‘definition’, ‘denomination’, and ‘conclusion’, utilizing the selected markers in the two languages.
Unidades discursivas del texto escrito. Revisión crítica del estado de la cuestión y directrices para una nueva propuesta
Authors: Pons Bordería Salvador , Borreguero Zuloaga Margarita
Published: September 2024

La segmentación del discurso en unidades sintácticas, informativas o pragmáticas tiene su origen en el ámbito de los estudios sobre la oralidad espontánea. Sin embargo, los criterios que permiten dicha segmentación deberían poderse aplicar también al texto escrito. En este artículo se lleva a cabo una revisión crítica de los modelos de unidades discursivas que han tenido mayor difusión y se presenta una serie de directrices programáticas para una propuesta de un modelo de segmentación válido tanto para la lengua oral como la lengua escrita que trata de paliar, al menos en parte, algunos de los problemas observados en propuestas anteriores que han sido concebidas, por lo general, bien para el texto oral bien para el escrito.
Paragraph boundaries and discourse genre: Applying Lexical Priming to Spanish written texts
Authors: Martínez Caro Elena
Published: September 2024

Lexical Priming (LP, o imprimación léxica) es el nombre de la toería lingüística desarrollada por el lingüísta británico Michael Hoey (cf. Hoey 2005 y 2013), en la que ciertos conceptos de la lingüística de corpus como colocación y coligación se han puesto en relación hallazgos experimentales de la psicolingüística en los procesos de asociación de palabras. La teoría trata sobre la imprimación léxica, gramatical y textual y puede ser considerada como particularmente adecuada para la investigación de ciertos fenómenos de la organización textual como , por ejemplo, los límites de párrafo. 
Utilizando ideas básicas de LP y métodos de la lingüística de corpus, este estudio investiga los límites del párrafo y su relación con el concepto de género discursivo. El objetivo principal es descubrir patrones lingüísticos recurrentes en la posición inicial de párrafo en unos géneros discursivos seleccionados del español escrito y con la ayuda de la herramienta de procesamiento textual Sketch Engine. En esta contribución, se explora un conjunto de segmentos lingüísticos, colocaciones léxicas y coligaciones gramaticales, que aparecen de manera frecuente a principio de párrafo de los textos seleccionados, de carácter más general o específico, y se identifican algunos patrones de cohesión y demás tendencias en los géneros examinados. 
Las posiciones de principio de párrafo en textos son puntos especiales y sensibles en los que el escritor necesita considerar cuál es el elemento más adecuado dependiendo de una serie de factores, entre los que la elección del género es uno de los más importantes. Este artículo pretende contribuir  demostrar que el género es un asunto central en los estudios del uso de la lengua basados en corpus y a descartar una visión de la descripción lingüística donde las lenguas son consideradas como un todo homogéneo (Berber Sardinha 2017: 224)
Marcas discursivas de transición entre párrafos en la escritura académica no experta: análisis de un corpus de reseñas
Authors: Llamas Saíz Carmen Llamas
Published: September 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es el de analizar, en el marco de la macroestructura textual, las marcas discursivas que explicitan la transición entre párrafos en la escritura no experta del género reseña académica. En primer lugar, se presentan las características del párrafo en el marco de la escritura académica, así como los mecanismos de transición interparagráfica para, seguidamente, estudiar el empleo de estos en un corpues de 27 reseñas redactadas por estudiantes universitarios de primer curso. Aunque el trabajo se centra en el texto como resultado del proceso de escritura, se ofrece también la secuencia didáctica para guiar al estudiante en el manejo de las estrategias de cohesión y marcación discursiva entre párrafos. Metodológicamente, partimos del trabajo de Martínez Caro (2014) para detenernos en distintas marcas discursivas de carácter macroestructural: las que señalan la progresión temática, las expresiones tematizadoras, los marcadores del discurso y, por último, las marcas de modalización.
“No hay virtud socrática mientras haya esclavos”. Razón erótica, republicanismo y democracia socialista en De la ética a la política de Antoni Domènech
Authors: Ruiz Moreno Jesús Ángel
Published: September 2024

Este artículo reconstruye los primeros años de la obra de Antoni Domènech hasta la primera formulación de dos ideas clave en su obra madura: republicanismo plebeyo y fraternidad. Esto se hará en tres niveles. El primer nivel repasa la toma de posiciones de la transición a la derrota en el referéndum de la OTAN. El segundo nivel analiza la solución ética propuesta por Domèmech al problema de las necesidades y el ecologismo. El tercer nivel, a partir de las evidencias anteriores, presenta la primera formulación de su reconstrucción republicana del marxismo y de la fraternidad.