bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Various Levels of Musical Activities of The Igbo Children in Igbo Culture of Nigeria
Authors: Agu Dan C.C. , Okpara Mabel Ugochi
Published: December 2019

The life of the Igbo children of Eastern Nigeria is surrounded by music and musical activities. The aim of this research is to survey the various levels of involvement of the Igbo children (from childhood to adolescence), in music learning and performance. The socio-cultural activities and similar occasions, on which these children’s music and musical activities rotate, were investigated. Some of the children’s music genres focus on entertainment, ordinary games, labour execution, character formation, learning (education) and so on. The benefits derived from performance of these genres are very rewarding. They range from making the children socially fit, to making them culturally, mentally and physically sound. The methods of imparting all musical knowledge vary according to age and music type. This research attempts the classification of these methods and brings to bare, their approaches and effectiveness as regards competence and excellence. Key words: Education, Igbo culture, Igbo children, Musical development, Organization, Creativity, Performance
Rationality and Normativity: A Defence of the Metaphysical Foundation of Social and Ethical Values
Authors: Ezedike Edward Uzoma , Amadi ThankGod Bekweri
Published: December 2019

This paper evaluated the role of metaphysics as the critical determinant of both ethical and social values. It is concerned with the philosophical problem of determining the principle underlying the different value opinions, social interactions, perceptions and judgements. The objective of the paper derives from the main concern of modern theory of value which is to find out the nature and significance of value in society. Consequently, the problem of the relations between value and existence; and value and social realities become of great significance on metaphysical grounds. The method of the study is essentially textual analysis. As a branch of philosophy, metaphysics conducts the most general investigation possible into the nature of reality, what is existence (being), and what (fundamentally distinct) types of thing exist. Some people have the idea that the subject matter of metaphysics is pure speculation with little practical relevance to mankind and society. Against this backdrop, this paper sought to establish the importance of metaphysics in the broader spectrum of human existence. In conclusion, the thesis of this paper is that metaphysics can provide a foundation for ethical and social values and that without metaphysics no rational justification may be given to these values.Key words: Metaphysics, ethics, values, society, person
The Son of Man and His Mission to Save in Luke 19:10: An Interpretation
Authors: Naseri Christopher
Published: December 2019

The expression ‘Son of Man’ is one of the most used titles by Jesus in the Gospels. Its meaning and Jesus’ intention for using the title to describe his mission in Luke 19:10 constitute the basis for this study. Using the Historical-Critical Method of studying ancient texts, this work explores instances in the Gospels where the term is used in relation to Jesus. It identifies a common pattern, attempts an explanation of the meaning of the term in relation to Jesus and uses that understanding to interpret the passage and give a concluding statement on the importance of the title in the light of Jesus’ mission to save. It concludes that the term ‘Son of Man’ in Luke 19:10 is used to denote Jesus as an eschatological agent who in human form achieves divine salvation through human suffering.Key Words: Luke, Messiah, Salvation, Son of Man, Tax Collectors
Carcass and meat quality of Karacabey Merino and Kivircik lambs under an intensive finishing system
Authors: Ekiz B. , Atalay H. , Akin P.D. , Ozturk N. , Birkiye M. , Yilmaz A.
Published: December 2019

Carcass and meat quality traits of male and female lambs are important considerations in planning gender-based production and developing a marketing strategy for the product. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of sex on carcass and meat quality of Kivircik and Karacabey Merino lambs. Twenty male and 17 female lambs were used. Lambs were weaned at 45 days old and then fed ad libitum with concentrates and roughage until slaughter at 120 days. The study was carried out in two experiments at three-month intervals. Kivircik lambs had greater dressing percentage (47.96% vs 46.49%, P <0.05) and omental-mesenteric fat proportion (1.71% vs 1.10%, P <0.01), while Karacabey Merino lambs had a greater proportion of skin (11.14% vs 9.42%, P =0.001). Breed had no influence on water-holding capacity, shear force, L* and hue values (P >0.05). The meat of Karacabey Merino lambs had greater a*, b* and chroma values after blooming for 24 hours than meat from Kivircik lambs. Male lambs had greater proportions of head (5.39% vs 4.62%, P <0.001), feet (2.65% vs 2.46%, P <0.01) and visceral organs (4.53% vs 4.15%, P <0.05), while females had a greater proportion of visceral fat (1.76% vs 1.05%, P =0.001). Meat from female lambs was darker than meat from male lambs. In conclusion, under intensive conditions, the indigenous Kivircik breed had similar carcass and meat quality characteristics to the Karacabey Merino, a wool and meat breed. Keywords: breed effect; carcass quality; sex; lamb; meat quality
Short Communication: Effect of dietary protein level on growth and body condition score of male Beetal goats during summer
Authors: Mohsan I. , Mohsan I. , Haque M.N. , Ahmad N. , Mustafa H.
Published: December 2019

The effects of feeding various dietary protein levels on the fattening of male Beetal goats were investigated. Twenty-seven bucks (initial bodyweight 35 ± 0.5 kg) between 12 and 16 months old were randomly assigned to one of three treatments The treatments, which were provided as isocaloric supplements to 5 kg fresh sorghum fodder, differed in the amount of crude protein (CP), namely i) 18% CP (LP) ii) 25.5% CP (MP) and iii) 31.6% CP (HP). Feed intake and faecal score were recorded daily. Live bodyweight was recorded every 14 days. Wither height, heart girth, body length and body condition score were recorded monthly. Dry matter intake and average daily gain increased linearly with the level of CP in the diet. The average body condition score, wither height and heart girth were significantly greater in for goats in the HP group compared with those in LP and MP groups. However, dietary protein did not affect body length. Thus, feeding higher levels of CP linearly increased the growth, feed intake and feed efficiency of growing Beetal goats. The mean faecal score was lower for goats in the HP group compared with goats in the LP group.Keywords: average daily gain, body measurements, faecal consistency
Safflower seeds in the diet of feedlot lambs improved fat carcass, colour, and fatty acid profile of the meat
Authors: Ferreira M.S. , Goes R.H.T.B. , Martinez A.C. , Gandra J.R. , Fernandes A.R.M. , Júnior W.A. Gonçales , Cardoso C.A.L. , Brabes K.C.S. , Neto O.R. Machado
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate intake, performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of lambs fed finishing diets containing 0%, 7.5% and 15% safflower seeds (Carthamus tinctorius) as a replacement for corn and soybean meal. Thirty-six male lambs with mean bodyweight of 17.9 ± 1.8 kg were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: C0: no safflower seeds, C7.5: 7.5%safflower seeds in diet (DM basis), and C15: 15% safflower seeds in diet (DM basis). The lambs were fed in pens of two and thus there were six replicates per treatment. Performance and carcass characteristics were not affected by including safflower seeds in their diet. Animals fed 7.5% safflower seeds had greater dry matter intake. There was a linear effect of increasing the redness (a*) of meat with the amount of safflower, where a mean of 15.77 was found for lambs that received the C15 diet. With increasing levels of safflower, the concentration of fatty acids C14:0, C17:0, and C22:1 increased. However, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, C18:2) was reduced in lambs fed C15. A concentration of 0.461 g/100 g meat was observed for animals that consumed C7.5. Thus, lambs fed a diet containing 7.5% safflower had the greatest dry matter intake, carcass fat, and concentration of conjugated linoleic acid in their meat, and enhanced meat colour.Key words: conjugated linoleic acid, human health, lipid supplementation, oilseeds
Effects of legume seeds and processing treatment on growth, carcass traits and blood constituents of fattening lambs
Authors: Lestingi A. , Colonna M.A. , Marsico G. , Tarricone S. , Facciolongo A.M.
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of faba bean, white lupin and pea seed when fed as protein supplements on growth performance, carcass characteristics and haematological characteristics of growing lambs. Forty-eight Gentile di Puglia male lambs, weaned at 38 ± 2 days old with an average initial bodyweight of 12.8 ± 0.5 kg, were divided into six homogenous groups. The six dietary treatments were RFB (diet containing raw faba bean seeds); EFB (diet containing extruded faba bean seeds); RL (diet containing raw lupin seeds); EL (diet containing extruded lupin seeds); RP (diet containing raw pea seeds); and EP (diet containing extruded pea seeds). Feeding lupin seeds reduced average daily feed intake compared with the other protein sources. Carcass conformation, loin weight as a percentage of half-carcass weight, and fat weight as a percentage of loin weight improved in the lambs that consumed both EP and RP diets. Extrusion reduced hide weight as a percentage of empty bodyweight and fat weight as a percentage of leg weight. The protein source had a significant effect on glucose and total cholesterol concentrations, albumin, α1-globulin, β-globulin, and γ-globulin percentages and albumin-globulin ratios. The processing treatment decreased total cholesterol concentrations. Thus, feeding the various legumes did not affect growth performance, but only carcass characteristics; changes which may be due to the differences in feed intake. Extrusion also had minor effects, and further work is required to investigate the use of these protein sources, both raw and extruded.Keywords: extrusion, faba bean, haematology, lupin, pea, protein source, slaughter data
The Coach Phenomena: Examining the Validity of the Kolb Educator Role Profile in Preservice Agricultural Education
Authors: Baker Marshall A. , Cline Lauren Lewis
Published: December 2019

Over the last three years, agricultural educators have demonstrated a strong preference for the coaching role, as defined by the Kolb Educator Role Profile (KERP). The purpose of this collective case study was to better understand why this dominant coach preference exists in Oklahoma preservice agricultural educators. Kolb Educator Role Profile (KERP) results, and semi-structured interviews to understand the choice rationale of preservice agricultural educators, were coded to determine the assessment’s qualitative validity. Two theoretical themes to address key issues emerged: (a) KERP theoretical perspectives and (b) espoused theories. An adapted KERP framework reflects the case’s diverging conceptualizations. Four theoretical categories describe the educator roles in agricultural education: (a) the friend, (b) the know-it-all, (c) the sounding board, and (d) the career development event (CDE) coach. Two theoretical categories capture conceptualization of learning modes: (a) student-first versus book-knowledge focus and (b) dialogue versus hands-on focus. Espoused theories of the preservice agricultural educators reveal KERP item statements were chosen that (a) reflect how I was taught, (b) connect to what I am good at, (c) involve action and real-world, (d) let agricultural education be different, (e) focus on personal growth of students, (f) are what I think students like, and (g) I understand. Recommendations for both improved validity and practice are provided.
Factors Influencing Socially Responsible Leadership Development in College of Agriculture Students
Authors: Kovar Kristin A. , Simonsen Jon C.
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine factors impacting college student leadership development within a college of agriculture at the University of Missouri. This study employed descriptive relational survey methods to examine the impact of involvement factors (participation in organizations, community service and leadership education) on college student leadership development. The target population was all junior and senior students in the College of Agricutlure, Food and Natural Resources at the University of Missouri (N=1,124). Out of the calculated sample size (n=287), 107 participants completed the online instrument (37.3%). In the examination of the leadership outcomes, the greatest mean was reported for the outcome of commitment and the lowest mean was reported for the outcome of change. Most students were involved with two to five different organizations during their college career. A majority (92.5%) of the students reported that they have engaged in community service during their college career, although 44.9% of respondents did not participate in community service on a regular basis. Students responded as being involved in one to two short-term leadership education programs, but no long-term leadership education programs. Eight separate linear regression models were analyzed to determine the impact of involvement factors on the development of socially responsible leadership.
Continuing Professional Education and Collaborations Between University Faculty and Agricultural Education Teachers
Authors: Webb Randy C. , Westfall-Rudd Donna M. , Scherer Hannah H. , Rudd Rick D.
Published: December 2019

The call for agricultural education programs to integrate more rigorous scientific and technology- driven content has left many secondary agricultural education teachers unprepared (Baker, 2015). New content that addresses the changes in the agricultural industry has required secondary agricultural teachers to seek continuing professional education. This case study examined one secondary agricultural education program and how the teachers in that program have taken advantage of continuing professional education opportunities to change local program content. The study shows that through collaborations with the faculty at the university and the secondary agricultural education teachers, continuing professional education can drive the changes needed to design and develop a relevant agricultural education program. It is through collaborations that the participants in this study connected continuing professional education with curriculum development, to focused on student needs and the expectations for their success after leaving the secondary program. Finally, the rigorous local program’s content has emerged from the small group discussions and one on one experiences of the teachers in this program collaborating with faculty at the university. It is through these unique continuing professional education experiences that teachers built a network that keeps them abreast of changes in the industry and provides an avenue for their lifelong learning experiences.
An innovative STEM outreach model (OH-Kids) to foster the next generation of geoscientists, engineers, and technologists
Authors: Pedrozo-Acuña Adrián , Favero Jr. Roberto J. , Amaro-Loza Alejandra , Mocva-Kurek Roberta K. , Sánchez-Peralta Juan A. , Magos-Hernández Jorge A. , Blanco-Figueroa Jorge
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Childhood education programmes aiming at incorporating topics related to
science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) have gained
recognition as key levers in the progress of education for all students.
Inspiring young people to take part in the discovery and delivery of science
is of paramount importance not only for their well-being but also for their
future human development. To address this need, an outreach model entitled
OH-Kids was designed to empower pupils through the development of high-quality STEM
learning experiences based on a research project. The model is an
opportunity for primary school learners to meet geoscientists while
receiving the take-home message that anyone can get involved in scientific
activities. The effort is part of a research project aimed at the real-time
monitoring of precipitation in Mexico City, which is a smart solution to
rainfall monitoring using information and communications technologies. The
argument behind this effort is that in order to produce the next generation
of problem-solvers, education should ensure that learners develop an
appreciation and working familiarity with a real-world project. Results show
success at introducing the role of researchers and STEM topics to
6–12-year-old learners.
Three-dimensional rockfall shape back analysis: methods and implications
Authors: Bonneau David A. , Hutchinson D. Jean , DiFrancesco Paul-Mark , Coombs Melanie , Sala Zac
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Rockfall is a complex natural process that can present risks to
the effective operation of infrastructure in mountainous terrain. Remote
sensing tools and techniques are rapidly becoming the state of the practice in
the characterization, monitoring and management of these geohazards. The aim
of this study is to address the methods and implications of how the
dimensions of three-dimensional rockfall objects, derived from sequential
terrestrial laser scans (TLSs), are measured. Previous approaches are
reviewed, and two new methods are introduced in an attempt to standardize
the process. The approaches are applied to a set of synthetic rockfall
objects generated in the open-source software package Blender. Fifty
rockfall events derived from sequential TLS monitoring in the White Canyon,
British Columbia, Canada, are used to demonstrate the application of the
proposed algorithms. This study illustrates that the method used to
calculate the rockfall dimensions has a significant impact on how the shape
of a rockfall object is classified. This has implications for rockfall
modelling as the block shape is known to influence rockfall runout.
Hydrological impacts of climate change on small ungauged catchments-results from a GCM-RCM-hydrologic model chain
Authors: Tsegaw Aynalem T. , Pontoppidan Marie , Kristvik Erle , Alfredsen Knut , Muthanna Tone M.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Climate change is one of the greatest threats to the World's environment. In Norway, the change will strongly affect the pattern, frequency and magnitudes of stream flows. However, it is highly challenging to quantify to what extent it will affect flow patterns and floods from small ungauged rural catchments due to unavailability or inadequacy of hydro-meteorological data for the calibration of hydrological models and tailoring methods to a small-scale level. To provide meaningful climate impact studies at small catchments, it is therefore beneficial to use high spatial and temporal resolution climate projections as input to a high-resolution hydrological model. Here we use such a model chain to assess the impacts of climate change on flow patterns and frequency of floods in small ungauged rural catchments in western Norway using a new high-resolution regional climate projection, with improved performance with regards to the precipitation distribution, and the regionalized hydrological model (Distance Distribution Dynamics) between the reference period (1981–2011) and a future period (2071–2100). The FDCs of all study catchments show there will be more wetter periods in the future than the reference period. The results also show that in the future period, the mean annual flow increases by 16.5 % to 33.3 %, and there will be an increase in the mean autumn, mean winter and mean spring flows ranging from 4.3 % to 256.3 %. The mean summer flow decreases by 7.2 % to 35.2 %. The mean annual maximum floods increase by 28.9 % to 38.3 %, and floods of 2 to 200 years return periods increase by 16.1 % to 42.7 %. The findings of this study could be of practical use to regional decision-makers if considered alongside other previous and future findings.
Impact of Financial Integration on Ethiopian Economic Growth
Authors: Hussen Abdulaziz A
Published: December 2019

This paper analyzes theoretically the role of financial integration on economic growth and empirically examines the influence of financial integration on Ethiopian economic growth. Many researchers find different investigation results during their data analysis on the impact of financial integration on economic growth. The outcome of most researchers indicate that financial integration has a positive contribution to economic growth, while the result of quite a few numbers of researchers suggested that financial integration has a negative influence on economic growth. Similarly, few of them propose that the relationship between these two variables as bi- directional. Furthermore, literatures categorize the impact of financial sector on economic growth into four basic hypotheses. Which are supply leading, demand following, bidirectional, and independent hypothesis. These hypotheses suggest that financial integration has different role on economic growth and all of them are supported by several research results of various researchers. It is considered that the main reason behind these contrasting research results are the level of financial integration and the composition of financial flows. Moreover, the financial crises that occur in recent decades created a heated debate among researchers on the advantages and disadvantages of financial integration. However, most economists agree that financial integration is beneficial to the economy. The result of this paper analysis also shows, financial integration has a positive impact on the Ethiopian economic performance.
Political Manipulation and Internet Advertising Infrastructure
Authors: Crain Matthew , Nadler Anthony
Published: December 2019

Disinformation and other forms of manipulative, antidemocratic communication have emerged as a problem for Internet policy. While such operations are not limited to electoral politics, efforts to influence and disrupt elections have created significant concerns. Data-driven digital advertising has played a key role in facilitating political manipulation campaigns. Rather than stand alone incidents, manipulation operations reflect systemic issues within digital advertising markets and infrastructures. Policy responses must include approaches that consider digital advertising platforms and the strategic communications capacities they enable. At their root, these systems are designed to facilitate asymmetrical relationships of influence.
Causes and efects of cave accidents in the area of Kraków-Częstochowa upland
Authors: van der Coghen Adam , Sochocka Lucyna
Published: December 2019

Background: Mountain’s caves should be characterized by a set of unique rules and those who comply with them may be rewarded with the opportunity to experience memorable, worth cherishing moments. There are plenty of threats, determined by both natural causes and tourists' actions, which might wait for hikers. Aim of the study: The aim of the research was to carry out the analysis of the accident rate within the caves situated in the area of Kraków- Częstochowa Upland.Material and methods: The method of the documentation analysis was used for the research; the analysis was carried out on the documentation involving years 1998-2014 (October) belonging to Jurajska Task Force of the Mountain Volunteer Search and Rescue based in Podlesice. The research material comprised of the following documents: MVSaR incident reports, the reports from the rescue expeditions and the inspection book of the transport equipment.Results: Most of the cave accidents occurring in the area of Kraków-Częstochowa Upland took place in the Sokole Mountains. The following causes of these dangerous incidents were indicated as the lack of proper equipment and poor physical condition, being lost, falling from the heights, slipping and being trapped. The consequences were really serious, ranging from fractured bones of the pelvis and the spine to even fatal accidents.Conclusions: Mountain/cave tourism is undoubtedly the source of many unforgettable memories. However, it is essential that those who perform it ought to be aware of the dangers associated with it. They must not disregard the necessity of performing it in accordance to generally accepted rules of safety. Keywords: Kraków-Częstochowa Upland, caves, accidents
Depressive disorders – the nurse’s role in the education of the patient and his family
Authors: Woźniak Ałła
Published: December 2019

Background: Depression is a chronic, relapsing disease. Disorder is not only physical and mental state of man, but also its function in society. Patients and their families often have a lack of knowledge about the disease, which has a negative impact on the course and duration of the patient’s disease. Treating depression is a long-term process, requiring special treatment of the patient. Comprehensive treatment of depression requires the cooperation of all members of the treatment team, as the participation of the patient and his family.Aim of the study: The aim of the study is to present the role of education of the patient and his family to restore it to act independently in the environment, and the role of nurses in psycho-education of the patient and his family.Material and methods: Patient information was collected by interview with the patient and his family. Observation of the patient was performed for the entire period of hospitalization. An analysis of the documentation of the medical history of the patient in the ward.Case: The subject of description is 58-year-old patient brought to the Provincial Team Specialist Neuropsychiatric in Opole by Team Rescue after a suicide attempt. The patient was admitted to the department for their own consent with the diagnosis; recurrent depressive disorders;. The patient was previously treated in the local hospital in 2010. In the first day of the patient in reduced mood, psychomotor slowing in confirming thoughts suicidal. Used pharmacological treatment, individual and group psychotherapy. The patient participated in various forms of occupational therapy. As a result of the implemented measures nursing patient fully accepted his illness and acquired knowledge and skills on how to deal with it in order to maintain mental balance.Conclusions: Used in patient therapy including psychoeducation comprehensive nurse brought the expected results. Mental state improved. The patient was discharged from the hospital with instructions.
The quality of life in patients with cancer evaluated with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer questionnaire QLQ-C30
Authors: Kuręda Grzegorz
Published: December 2019

Background:The subject of cancer is still the cause of fear and anxiety in the public opinion. The order of daily life of the patient and their family is disturbed by numerous medical consultations, treatment and the side effects of the therapy. In the situation, when the development of cancer goes beyond the possibilities of the support and care from the loved ones in household conditions and this care is no longer sufficient, there is an opportunity to provide care and therapy for the patient in the palliative medicine departments. In the studies of the life quality we take into account not only the clinical state of the patient, but also their subjective feelings. The quality of life is assessed in the dimension of the current health status. Aim of the study:The paper aims to show the physical, mental and spiritual state of the patients before admission to the department, and in the first week of the stay in the palliative medicine department. Material and Methods:The research was performed with the use of a questionnaire (EORTC) QLQ-C30. The study was conducted among the patients of the Palliative Medicine Department of the Medical Centre ‘Samaritan’ in Opole, in the period from November 2013 to January 2014. 35 patients participated in the study. The average age was 69±31. Results:On the day of admission to the department and while filling in the questionnaire, all the respondents felt pain ailments and had some sleeping problems. 89% (31) experienced shortness of breath. 94% (33) of the respondents assessed their level of life in the palliative medicine department as high. Conclusions:The patients have assessed their level of life in the palliative medicine department as high. The low assessment of the quality of life in household conditions during the week preceding the admittance to the palliative medicine department encourages the continuation of the research in household conditions, in order to improve the life quality of people with the diagnosed cancer remaining in home environment.
Reintegration of pupils of social rehabilitation centres. Systemic remarks. Report of the Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights
Authors: Kładoczny Piotr , Wolny Marcin
Published: December 2019

The article is a summary of the report prepared by the Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights under the "Children Rights Behind Bars 2.0" project. The authors - based on the analysis of information taken on the basis of access to public information, the conclusions from the report of the Supreme Audit Office [pl. Najwyższa Izba Kontroli] and 8 interviews and focus groups with persons working in the system of juvenile social rehabilitation and foster care - indicate doubts related to the functioning of solutions supporting the reintegration of pupils of social rehabilitation institutions. Among the observed problems, they identify a multitude of entities responsible for the functioning of the system, lack of coordination of activities, lack of tools to verify the effectiveness of social rehabilitation work, as well as numerous formal criteria limiting the availability of reintegration services.
RESEÑA de: Pastor Seller, E., Cabello Garza, M.L. (eds.) 2018. Retos y desafíos del trabajo social en el siglo XXI: Una perspectiva internacional comparada México-España
Authors: Acebes Valentín Rafael
Published: December 2019

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EL ESTUDIO DE JAPONESISMOS AISLADOS (II): «NIPÓN», «TOQUIOTA», «MISUBISI», «TOIOTA», «SUDOCU», «SUNAMI»
Authors: Fernández Mata Rafael
Published: December 2019

Dentro del grupo de japonesismos utilizados en el español actual, convenimos en reunir dentro de un grupo, a modo de “cajón de sastre”, seis unidades que, por pertenecer a áreas referenciales diversas, no podían constituir un amplio conjunto de estudio: «nipón», «toquiota», «misubisi», «toiota», «sudocu», «sunami». En el presente artículo se pretende, por primera vez en lengua española, realizar un estudio exhaustivo de estos seis vocablos, atendiendo a diferentes niveles lingüísticos (formal, semántico e histórico), además de indicar su grado de adaptación al inventario léxico del español.
Revisión de algunas Historias de la Lengua
Authors: Abad Nebot Francisco
Published: December 2019

Se comentan o adicionan algunas Historias de la lengua española recientesRésumé:Dans le présent travail nous commenterons ou développerons quelques ouvrages récents d’Histoire de la langue espagnole.
PUBLICACIONES SOBRE FILOLOGÍA GRIEGA EN ESPAÑA (2017)
Authors: Rodríguez Somolinos Helena
Published: December 2019

Bibliografía relativa a Filología Griega publicada en Españaen 2017.
Gas chromatographic determination of some carboxylic acids: comparison between solution and headspace analysis
Authors: Bugelytė Birutė , Ilonina Karolina , Poškus Vilius , Vičkačkaitė Vida
Published: December 2019

Direct and headspace gas chromatographic analysis is compared for the determination of lactic, oxalic, succinic, malic and citric acids. For better chromatographic behaviour, prior to GC analysis carboxylic acids were derivatized using BSTFA as a silylation reagent. Three solvents – acetone, diethyl ether and dimethylformamide – were tested as a derivatization medium and DMF was considered as the best. Derivatization conditions were optimized and analytical characteristics of the direct gas chromatographic determination of analytes in solutions were determined. The method was applied for the determination of citric acid in food. For the analytes dissolved in DMF, the headspace gas chromatographic determination was not sensitive enough. Concentrations of the derivates in the headspace were very low, thus the limits of detection were high and the method was not of practical use. On the other hand, headspace gas chromatography can be applied for identifying of carboxylic acids in solid samples.
ENERGY SUSTAINABILITY: MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS AND PRODUCTIVE SECTORS
Authors: MARTINEZ SENTANA ALBERTO , VALERO VERDU SERGIO , SENABRE BLANES CAROLINA
Published: December 2019

Addressing the modelling of the energy behaviour of nations and their economies is not an easy task, maybe because sufficiently accurate variables, which are adaptable to the circumstances of the states, do not yet exist, given the large number of possible variables and scenarios, as well as any influences external to the model, that may exist and which cannot be controlled. On the other hand, although indices and models for evaluating the behaviour of states regarding sustainable development, in the broadest sense of its meaning, do exist, many focus on highly aggregated quantitative variables offered by renowned international organisations, disregarding the energy dimension, which is the main objective that is the focus of this work.
This article considers an analysis of variables from the point of view of the three dimensions of sustainable development: nature, economy and society, and, by focusing on the subsystem of energy sustainability, two new concepts appear: regulation and security of supply. All these will comprise a General Energy Sustainability Index to enable quantitative comparisons between countries to be established.

Keywords: energy, indicator, electricity, productivity, efficiency, sustainable, model.
Nouvelles technologies et cyberharcèlement : l’exemple du swatting
Authors: Estano1 Nicolas
Published: December 2019

Cette contribution tentera d’établir un état des lieux d’un phénomène qui s’est développé au cours des cinq dernières années en Europe, mais qui existe depuis une quinzaine d’années aux États-Unis, notamment chez les utilisateurs de jeux en ligne, à savoir le swatting. Les faits survenus en décembre 2017 à Wichita, au Kansas (États-Unis), où un homme trouva la mort viendront illustrer les potentialités dramatiques de cette pratique, présentée généralement par les auteurs comme un simple canular téléphonique. Nous tenterons à travers cet article de définir ce qu’est le swatting, ce que cela recouvre, quelles sont ses implications en termes de sécurité, les risques et enjeux qui y sont liés ainsi que les types de conduite qui y sont associés.
Cryptomarchés et carding : impact sur l’offre et la demande
Authors: Guillot1 Mathieu , Décary-Hétu David
Published: December 2019

Dans le présent article, il est question de décrire les activités marchandes des cardeurs sur les cryptomarchés au moyen d’un échantillon de 17 619 annonces de produits ou de services relatifs aucardingainsi que d’un second échantillon recensant les activités de 4 294 vendeurs. Notre démarche s’attache plus précisément à constater si l’avènement des cryptomarchés, comme lieu de convergence pour les cybercriminels, a eu un impact sur l’offre et la demande de tels produits et services. Pour mener à bien cet objectif, une typologie des différents produits et services est réalisée. Dans un premier temps, des analyses descriptives, mettant en lumière les proportions des différents types ainsi que la distribution des prix affichés par les annonces, permettent d’offrir un regard sur l’impact des technologies d’anonymat sur l’offre de produits et services. Dans un second temps, des analyses descriptives des transactions effectuées par les vendeurs sont réalisées pour examiner leur impact sur la demande de produits et services. Les principaux résultats indiquent que les cryptomarchés offrent tout le nécessaire pour commettre les trois étapes du script criminel ducarding. De plus, il est aussi montré que, comme dans le cas des vendeurs de drogue en ligne, le système d’évaluation formel a permis de transcender et d’améliorer les processus générateurs de confiance.
Étude sur l’impact d’un délai d’effacement automatique pour les profils ADN de personnes prévenues
Authors: Cinaglia12 Giulia , Chopin Julien , Villettaz Patrice , Delémont Olivier
Published: December 2019

Depuis plus de 30 ans, les traces ADN contribuent significativement aux investigations criminelles, grâce notamment à la mise en place de banques de données génétiques. Si leur utilité est amplement reconnue, certains aspects – comme la durée de conservation du profil des individus – continuent à alimenter les débats, de par les implications en matière d’atteinte au droit de la personne. En Suisse, la durée de rétention dépend de l’issue de la procédure judiciaire, ce qui complexifie la procédure d’effacement. La définition d’un délai d’effacement automatique constituerait donc une solution intéressante pour simplifier la procédure, tout en garantissant l’efficacité de la trace ADN et le droit à l’oubli. Cette étude vise donc à déterminer s’il est possible de supprimer le profil ADN d’un individu de la banque de données sans que cela nuise à l’élucidation d’enquêtes futures et, le cas échéant, de proposer un délai d’effacement automatique le plus opportun. À la suite des résultats de l’étude de Girardet (2014) sur l’application des délais d’effacement en Suisse, trois échéances – 5, 8 et 10 ans – ont été retenues dans la présente étude. Issu de la banque de données ADN suisse, l’échantillon utilisé comprenait les données sur les prélèvements ADN réalisés (N = 106 346) et sur les traces biologiques identifiées (N = 16 516) entre 2005 et 2014 dans quatre cantons suisses. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l’effacement des profils n’affecte pas l’identification des traces. En effet, 80 % des identifications surviennent dans l’année qui suit l’enregistrement du profil génétique du prévenu, le solde étant identifié dans un délai de 10 ans au plus. Quant aux infractions dont les traces ont été identifiées au-delà d’un délai de 5 ans (N = 313), ou de 8 ans (N = 36), il apparaît que la grande majorité de ces affaires ont trait à des infractions contre le patrimoine, même si on relève également quelques cas d’atteinte à la personne. Ainsi, en se fondant sur le jeu de données mises à disposition, les résultats de cette étude montrent qu’un délai automatique de 10 ans assurerait à satisfaction l’efficacité de l’exploitation de la banque de données, tout en respectant la proportionnalité de la pratique.
La sélection et l’évaluation des techniciens en scène de crime
Authors: Mousseau1 Vincent
Published: December 2019

La conception dominante de la criminalistique semble à l’heure actuelle globalement orientée vers les analyses en laboratoire et la présentation de preuves devant les tribunaux, laissant ainsi de côté l’investigation de la scène de crime et les techniciens en identité judiciaire. Ces derniers jouant néanmoins un rôle de premier plan dans l’exploitation des traces matérielles, leur sélection et l’appréciation de leurs aptitudes par les dirigeants policiers représentent une responsabilité managériale déterminante pour l’investigation de la scène de crime. Par l’entremise d’entretiens semi-dirigés, cet article vise à déterminer les compétences attendues des techniciens en identité judiciaire par les cadres policiers du Québec et à comprendre comment elles s’inscrivent dans leur conception de la profession. Il met entre autres en évidence l’absence d’acteurs scientifiques impliqués dans l’appréciation des compétences des techniciens en identité judiciaire et l’attention particulière accordée par les gestionnaires policiers à la conformité aux règles de procédures. Les dirigeants policiers gagneraient ainsi à concevoir davantage l’investigation de la scène de crime comme un effort scientifique et à considérer le rôle des techniciens en scène de crime dans le déploiement de l’action de sécurité afin d’optimiser leur sélection, leur appréciation et, ultimement, leur efficacité.
Lorsque le crime rapporte
Authors: Pariseau1 Marie-Michelle , Supeno Eddy
Published: December 2019

Les activités criminelles font partie de la catégorie des activités de la vie sociale sur lesquelles pèse une certaine stigmatisation. Des recherches en criminologie ont cependant démontré que les personnes qui exercent ces activités en retirent des bénéfices : gains financiers, reconnaissance symbolique et apprentissages variés. Si des écrits exposent les apprentissages réalisés pour pouvoir exercer ces activités criminelles, peu d’écrits se penchent sur les apprentissages réalisés dans la pratique de ces activités. Or, certains de ces apprentissages constitueraient des compétences socialement valorisées sur le plan de l’employabilité, n’eût été le jugement social pesant sur elles. Ici, des apprentissages réalisés dans l’exercice d’activités criminelles mobilisés dans le processus d’insertion professionnelle offriraient une compréhension plus ajustée de la complexité du processus d’insertion professionnelle, notamment auprès de jeunes adultes, diplômés ou non. Cet article présente les résultats d’une recherche qualitative menée auprès de cinq jeunes adultes ayant exercé des activités criminelles pour en voir les apprentissages mobilisés ou susceptibles de l’être dans leur processus d’insertion professionnelle dans un emploi légal.
Interventions policières auprès des personnes dont l’état mental est perturbé
Authors: Blais1 Étienne , Roy Leaw , Boivin Rémi , Leclerc Benoît , Choinière-Tran Kim
Published: December 2019

L’objectif de cette contribution est de dresser le script de l’intervention policière auprès des personnes dont l’état mental est perturbé (PEMP) afin de cerner les éléments qui mènent à l’usage de la force. La consultation de 130 dossiers policiers a permis de reconstituer les étapes centrales de ces interventions. Le script se divise en cinq étapes : 1) recevoir l’appel de service et dépêcher les policiers sur les lieux ; 2) arriver sur les lieux ; 3) évaluer la PEMP ; 4) intervenir auprès de la PEMP ; et 5) prendre en charge la PEMP. Dès l’arrivée sur les lieux, la présence de personnes en danger précipite souvent l’emploi de la force par les policiers tandis que la présence d’un tiers ayant une bonne relation avec la PEMP prévient régulièrement le recours à la force. Les résultats montrent également que l’usage de la force est le résultat d’échanges entre le policier et la PEMP. L’emploi de stratégies de communication coercitives par les policiers diminue la collaboration de la PEMP et, par la suite, les policiers sont plus susceptibles d’employer la force. Enfin, les résultats laissent supposer qu’une théorie sur l’usage de la force a avantage à intégrer les facteurs immédiats incluant les échanges entre le policier et la personne interpellée.
Immigration et criminalisation au Canada : état des lieux
Authors: Moffette1 David
Published: December 2019

Les intersections entre immigration et criminalisation sont nombreuses. Au Canada, près de 20 ans après l’entrée en vigueur de la Loi sur l’immigration et la protection des réfugiés (LIPR) et à la suite de plusieurs arrêts importants de la Cour suprême du Canada, il convient de faire le point sur cet enjeu. Cet article offre une typologie des intersections existantes et propose une analyse des transformations récentes. Nous traitons des situations suivantes : 1) la criminalisation formelle de stratégies migratoires (recours aux infractions criminelles contenues dans la LIPR) ; 2) les implications pour le projet migratoire d’un casier judiciaire (interdiction de territoire pour motifs de criminalité) ; 3) la criminalisation procédurale par le recours, dans le champ administratif, à des institutions et à des pratiques traditionnellement associées au système de justice pénale (détention d’immigration) ; et 4) lepolicinget le contrôle du statut d’immigration (collaboration entre les forces policières et l’Agence des services frontaliers du Canada). Dans les trois premiers cas, de récents arrêts phares de la Cour suprême sont aussi discutés :AppulonappaetB010(2015) sur la criminalisation de l’entrée irrégulière ;Tran(2017) sur l’exclusion pour motifs de criminalité ; etChhina(2019) sur l’accès àl’habeas corpuspour les personnes en détention d’immigration.
Evolution of C4 photosynthesis predicted by constraint-based modelling
Authors: Blätke Mary-Ann , Bräutigam Andrea
Published: December 2019

Constraint-based modelling (CBM) is a powerful tool for the analysis of evolutionary trajectories. Evolution, especially evolution in the distant past, is not easily accessible to laboratory experimentation. Modelling can provide a window into evolutionary processes by allowing the examination of selective pressures which lead to particular optimal solutions in the model. To study the evolution of C4 photosynthesis from a ground state of C3 photosynthesis, we initially construct a C3 model. After duplication into two cells to reflect typical C4 leaf architecture, we allow the model to predict the optimal metabolic solution under various conditions. The model thus identifies resource limitation in conjunction with high photorespiratory flux as a selective pressure relevant to the evolution of C4. It also predicts that light availability and distribution play a role in guiding the evolutionary choice of possible decarboxylation enzymes. The data shows evolutionary CBM in eukaryotes predicts molecular evolution with precision.
Are the Jameson Land muskoxen, Northeast Greenland, in decline?
Authors: Gaidet Nicolas , Daufresne Tanguy
Published: December 2019

The Jameson Land region contains the largest muskox population in Northeast Greenland. In the period 1980-1990, late winter population size averaged 3,645. A late winter 2000 survey estimated ca. 1,705 muskoxen. Although no further late winter surveys for muskox abundance have occurred since, there have been two summer bird surveys, which recorded incidental observations of muskoxen, i.e., 607 in 2008 and 610 in 2009. We report on muskox observations obtained in a subarea of Jameson Land during the summer 2016 ground survey for birds. Although in the 1982-2000 period this subarea averaged 1,153 ± 346 muskoxen, we observed 138 individuals and a low calf number. The few muskoxen observed and poor calf production suggest population decline. We briefly discuss possible factors that could influence muskox mortality and population abundance. Surveys specific to muskoxen are necessary to ascertain current population abundance, demographics and trend.
Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Involved in Liver of Hyperthyroid Mice
Authors: Aldubayan Maha Abdulrahman
Published: December 2019

Objectives: Thyroid hormones control the basal metabolic pace of hepatocytes, and can make oxidative harm hepatic frameworks. The reason for this investigation was to investigate how hyperthyroidism-prompted liver danger, oxidative pressure and apoptosis changes could be alleviated with Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE). This investigation assessed some biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical changes in post pubertal hyperthyroidism and its effect on liver capacity and structures. Notwithstanding the enhancing job of Grape seed proanthocyanidin remove (GSPE) supplementation was analyzed.

Materials and Methods: Fifty male Swiss albino mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (G1, Control; G2, GSPE; G3, Eltroxin-induced hyperthyroid mice; G4, Post treated hyperthyroid with GSPE; G5, Self-treated hyperthyroid mice).

Results: Our results revealed that, a significant increase in serum T3, T4, ALT, AST, ALP, liver MDA, P53 levels, injury and P53 expression in hyperthyroid mice when compared to control and GSPE. In contrast; serum albumin, liver catalase, GSH, SOD and Bcl2 were decrease in hyperthyroid mice. Treatment of hyperthyroid mice with GSPE advantages in improving the adverse effect of hyperthyroidism and moreover the histopathological and P53 expression result approves this finding.

Conclusions: GSPE can be used in hyperthyroidism treatment to help propylthiouracil or carbimazole or methimazole therapy.