bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Pérez de las Heras Beatriz
Published: September 2021

The conclusion of the trade agreement with United Kingdom, the post-Covid 19 recovery plans, the vaccination process and the launch of the Conference on the Future of Europe are some of the relevant events that have determined the first months of 2021 in the European Union (EU). In this evolving and changing context in which uncertainty is opening way to hope, the EU continues to face major challenges that are not new and will persist in the post-Covid era, among them climate change, external border management, immigration and threats to international security.
Crónica de la Jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea
Authors: Ordóñez Solís David
Published: September 2021

Sumario: I. Introducción.—II. Primera parte. Los desarrollos jurisprudenciales del derecho de la Unión Europea 1. La responsabilidad política de los comisarios, la responsabilidad extracontractual de la Comisión y el adiós definitivo a la abogada general Sharpston 2. La independencia judicial, de nuevo 3. El pago del canon audiovisual de una radiotelevisión regional alemana y la Unión Económica y Monetaria 4. Las sanciones administrativas penales y el derecho a guardar silencio 5. La aplicación efectiva del Reglamento General de Protección de Datos.—III. Segunda parte. La jurisprudencia europea provocada desde España y sus efectos en el derecho interno 1. Cuánto pueden confiar los jueces españoles en los jueces de otros Estados miembros 2. El alcance de la Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales en la aplicación judicial 3. La saga de las cláusulas abusivas, los créditos al consumo y el juez español 4. La responsabilidad por la salida a bolsa de Bankia 5. El alcance del seguro de responsabilidad de vehículos automóviles 6. Tasas municipales y redes electrónicas: sentencia Orange 7. El IVA y el impuesto sobre la energía eléctrica: sentencia Oliva Park 8. El impuesto sobre depósitos y las libertades económicas fundamentales: sentencia Novo Banco 9. La jubilación anticipada y la discriminación de las trabajadoras 10. Los trabajadores a tiempo parcial no son discriminados indirectamente por el Fogasa 11. La equiparación y abuso de los empleados públicos temporales.—IV. Relación de las sentencias comentadas.
Mathematical modeling for ethanol, methanol and acetaldehyde generation through Mexican carignane grape (Vitis vinifera) vinification process
Authors: López-Saiz Carmen María , Parra-Vergara Norma Violeta , Parra-Durazo María Esther , Sánchez-Lucero Manuel , Burgos-Hernández Armando , Cota-Arriola Octavio , Rouzaud-Sandez Ofelia
Published: September 2021

Wine is a worldwide known beverage, and even though its consumption has been associated with the reduction of heart diseases and the extent of lifespan, it also has compounds that might cause adverse effects on human health such as methanol and acetaldehyde. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of time, temperature, and pectic enzymes over wine methanol and acetaldehyde concentrations during vinification. Three temperatures (20, 30, and 35 °C) and three pectic enzyme concentrations (0, 9, and 18 mL/Kg) were tested, letting fermentation to stop due to sugar depletion. Both, metanol and acetaldehyde were quantified throughout the fermentation process. Temperature reduced metanol production, observing the lowest metanol concentration (53.543 ± 3.267 mg/100 mL of wine) at 35 °C in the absence of pectic enzyme. Acetaldehyde was not affected by these variables. Alcohol, metanol, and acetaldehyde concentrations were adjusted to mathematical models with high correlations.
Action Research in Rehabilitation Education: Curricular Applications
Authors: Koch Lynn , Kiener Michael S. , Gitchel Dent
Published: September 2021

This paper examines applications of action research to rehabilitation education. An overview of action research is provided, and specific examples of action research in rehabilitation and other professions are illustrated. Emphasis is placed on utilizing action research to evaluate teaching and student learning and develop scientist practitioners who engage in active self-reflection about their practices.
Gray Matter: Rehabilitation: Reflecting on the Past, Living it in the Present
Authors: Chapin Martha H.
Published: September 2021

Positive and negative rehabilitation experiences as a child and as an adult are examined to assess their effect as a consumer of rehabilitation services and as a rehabilitation counselor educator. The importance of case management, social supports, and use of an individualized treatment approach to rehabilitation are highlighted. This article concludes with a discussion of teachable moments and lessons learned that should be beneficial to both rehabilitation counselor educators and their students.
Comparing Two Training Strategies to Increase Competence in Solving Ethical Dilemmas
Authors: Garcia Jorge , Froehlic Robert , McGuire-Kuletz Maureen , Rejiester Nicole
Published: September 2021

This study examined which of two training models delivered through the internet led to better cultural competence in resolving ethical dilemmas with a sample of rehabilitation professionals. One type of training involved teaching a transcultural integrative model of ethical decision-making while the other training involved using the same transcultural model plus providing additional multicultural counseling theory concepts. Results showed that while both models resulted in significantly higher competence in resolving ethical dilemmas over time, there was no difference in competence ratings between training programs. Theoretical and practical implications are provided.
Konzisztens PLS-modellezés alkalmazása egy lehetséges közösségi kriptovaluta felhasználói elfogadásának vizsgálatában
Authors: Aranyossy Márta , Recskó Márk
Published: September 2021

A fizetőeszközök fejlődése részben az új blokklánc-technológiák népszerűbbé válásának következményeként az utóbbi évtizedben felgyorsult, és az egyre erősödő e-kereskedelmi aktivitás kontextusában fontos elvárássá vált velük szemben a gyorsaság, az egyszerűség és a biztonság. A kriptovaluták terjedése is ezen fő trendekhez illeszkedik, így mind elméleti, mind gyakorlati szempontból izgalmas kérdés, hogy milyen tényezők fogják meghatározni e téren a hazai felhasználók technológiaelfogadását. Jelen tanulmány a népszerű technológiaelfogadás és ­használat egységesített elméletének (unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, UTAUT) fogalmi keretében vizsgálja azokat a tényezőket, amelyek egy lehetséges közösségi kriptovalutával kapcsolatos attitűdöt befolyásolják. Az UTAUT-modell tesztelésének széles körben elterjedt eszköze a varianciaalapú strukturális egyenletek módszere (partial least squares structural equation modelling, PLS-SEM); a szerzők a kutatási célkitűzéseikhez és a mintához legjobban illeszkedő konzisztens PLS- (consistent PLS, PLSc) modell egy alkalmazási lehetőségét mutatják be.
As formas figurativas das relações humano-não-humanas entre o qom e o guaraní do Chaco argentino
Authors: Tola Florencia Carmen , Sarra Sonia
Published: September 2021

Este texto constitui um exercício de reflexão sobre a figuração e sobre o que, por meio dela, é evocado. A partir da etnografia entre dois povos indígenas do Chaco argentino (Toba-Qom e Guarani), propomos mostrar os vínculos entre a forma que assumem certas relações e relações existentes e uma ontologia em que se articulam pessoas humanas e não humanas. entre si para compartilhar capacidades de interioridade e para estabelecer relações de comunicação e interdependência mútua. As formas que as relações e as existentes podem assumir nessas ontologias apresentam grande instabilidade e dinamismo e, ao mesmo tempo, essa fluidez responde a uma “estética adequada” (Strathern 1988: 181). Analisaremos, especificamente, os desenhos em papel feitos por um iniciado xamânico Qom e as máscaras elaboradas e vivenciadas no ritual da arete do Guasu por um conhecido mascarado Guarani (Chiriguano). Iremos nos perguntar sobre os tipos de relações e efeitos que o Qom e o Guarani objetivam em seu processo de figuração em máscaras e desenhos e quais aspectos da ontologia são trazidos à luz naquilo que as máscaras e os desenhos não apenas evocam, mas também ativam.
Godidigo na pele
Authors: Duran Maria Raquel da Cruz
Published: September 2021

Neste artigo pretendo refletir sobre a possibilidade de se compreender o ǥodidigo (nossa escrita, nossa carta), que é como os Ejiwajegi/Kadiwéu intitulam seus desenhos, como uma pessoa que se relaciona e que coloca pessoas em relação. Isto é, a partir do paralelismo entre um grupo de grafismos utilizados especificamente nas festas da moça, do guerreiro e do índio, e de alguns conhecimentos primordiais, observo nestas três festas ejiwajegi/kadiwéu como coisas e pessoas resultam de e participam de relações. Assim, por meio do relacionismo stratherniano pretendo alcançar alguma resposta para a minha questão de partida, observando o desenho como um partícipe, um agente, das relações construídas nesta comunidade ao invés ou para além de ser “apenas” uma decoração festiva.
Neolithic ceramic complex of the settlement of Mergen 6 in the Lower Ishim (groups I and II): characteristics and interpretation
Authors: Enshin D.N.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses a ceramic complex (groups I and II) of the early Neolithic settlement of Mergen 6 (Lower Ishim River region, Western Siberia, 7th millennium BC). The aim of the work is to analyze the materials from the perspective of the cultural and chronological correlation of the Boborykino and Koshkino antiquities of the Trans-Urals. The research is based on the elements of the historical-cultural and formal-classification ap-proaches. The source base consists of 236 vessels. As a result of the analysis carried out in several stages (mor-phology of the vessels, tool and technique for applying ornamentation, structural components of the decor, nature of the system organization of the ornamental components, relationship of the image components with the struc-ture of the vessels' shape), it was found that the products of group I correspond to the Boborykino cultural tradi-tion, and group II — to the Koshkino. The simultaneous occurrence of these vessels made it possible to speak of the coexistence within the same society of representatives of the traditions of their manufacture. On this basis, there has been proposed a clarification of several positions regarding the pattern of the cultural and chronological development of the Boborykino antiquities in the Trans-Urals. The emergence of an early flat-bottomed ceramic complex in the River Ishim region allows it to be included in the range of materials of a similar appearance (Saty-ginsky, Mulymyinsky, Amninsky, Kayukovsky, Barabinsky) identified in the mountain-forest Trans-Urals, Kondin-sky lowlands, Irtysh River region and Baraba. Identification of the Mergen vessels of group I as belonging to the Boborykino Culture, dating from the Early Neolithic, makes it possible to pose the question of identifying the early phase of the antiquities of this cultural group. Location of the Koshkino and Boborykino groups of vessels in the same sites attests to the coexistence and contacts of the two traditions and their mutual influence.
On the relative and absolute chronology of early burials at the Firsovo-XI burial ground (Barnaul Ob River region)
Authors: Kiryushin K.Yu. , Kiryushin Yu.F. , Solodovnikov K.N. , Frolov Ya.V. , Shapetko Ye.V. , Schmidt A.V.
Published: September 2021

The present work addresses the issues of the absolute and relative chronology of early burials at the Firsovo-XI burial ground on the right bank of the Upper Ob River. Description of four burials of the site and results of their AMS 14C dating are reported, alongside with the cultural and chronological analogies among the contem-poraneous monuments of Altai. Eight burial places were discovered at Firsovo-XI, including five single graves, two double graves and one collective burial. The burials were arranged in two rows in the direction from northwest to southeast. The deceased were oriented with their heads to the north and northeast. The research concluded that the burials which form the cultural “core” of the Firsovo-XI burial place (burial grounds nos. 14, 15 and 42) belong to the Early Neolithic period, and their radiocarbon age is determined by the middle of the 5th millennium BC, while their calendar age fits into a very narrow interval of several decades or several centuries (a one-sigma interval of 5710–5460 cal BC and a two-sigma interval of 5740–5360 cal BC). The Neolithic burials of Firsovo-XI constitute a single chronological group with burials nos.1 and 13 of the Bolshoi Mys burial ground. It stands to reason that this group may grow in size over time, as the work on AMS 14C dating of early necropolises and single burials of the Upper Ob region expands. At this stage of research, the problem of identifying cultural and chrono-logical markers for the selected group of burials remains urgent. Within the framework of this study, it has been suggested that the ornaments made from the teeth of a bear and a horse (?), or an onager (?), take the role of such markers. It cannot be ruled out that with the appearance of new data such markers may include the orna-ments made from wolf teeth and double-sided polished knives with a concave blade. As a working hypothesis, it has been suggested that the date obtained for the cemetery no. 18 of Firsovo-XI (GV-02889 9106±80 BP) was not accidental and that this burial actually belongs to the final Mesolithic or early Neolithic period. The chronologi-cal and ritual specifics of this burial are also emphasized by the craniological specificity of the buried male, and by the large total size of the skull, which distinguishes him from the rest of those buried at the burial ground.
Extraction of remains of the mammoth fauna and local communities of the Arctic territories of Yakutia at the end of the 20th century
Authors: Grigorev S.A.
Published: September 2021

Studying the consequences of exploitation of indigenous territories is an urgent topic of modern science. This study presents the result of the research on the history of the development of a special type of resources — mammoth tusks in northern Yakutia. The paper is aimed at the analysis of impact of the new sector of the eco-nomy in the region on the local communities. It was also important to identify the sequence of the events that facilitated this development. The methodological basis of the study is represented by the historical method of ana-lyzing archival data, periodicals, and legal and scientific literature on this subject. Sources for the paper included materials from the National Archive of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), regional periodicals, as well as legal and reference materials covering this crucial stage in the development of the local indigenous communities. Despite the fact that extraction of fossil mammoth bone has been carried out for a long time, its active development began only at the end of the 20th century. The formation and progress of such a new type of mining activity has left a special impression on the development of the local population engaged in the traditional farming. Opportunities and the weak state control in this area have created favorable conditions for the emergence of a special environ-ment for economic relations. This has had a significant impact on social well-being of the local indigenous peo-ples. During this period, a special situation developed when, due to objective reasons, mammoth tusks turned from an object of natural origin that did not cause any interest into a valuable, highly sought resource. The gro-wing global demand for mammoth remains and the removal of barriers for external contacts in the Soviet Union stimulated the rapid development of the fundamentally different structure of socio-economic relations in the Arctic zone. As a result, this situation greatly influenced the state of the local indigenous communities. The areas of their traditional living became a territory of intensive development of “new resources”, which brought about real envi-ronmental and social threats, but also new opportunities. The new prospects, as well as the state unreadiness to regulate the emerging market of “wild” mammoth bone, created all conditions for the emergence of a special area of economic relations spanning the Arctic regions of Yakutia. This almost neglected factor undoubtedly had sig-nificant impact on the social well-being of the indigenous peoples living in the region at the end of the 20th century.
Efficacy of florpyrauxifen-benzyl on dioecious hydrilla and hybrid water milfoil - concentration and exposure time requirements
Authors: Mudge Christopher , Sartain Bradley , Getsinger Kurt , Netherland Michael
Published: September 2021

This study conducted small-scale trials under various concentration and exposure time (CET) scenarios to determine florpyrauxifen-benzyl activity on dioecious hydrilla and hybrid watermilfoil and determine impact on water stargrass and elodea. Hydrilla treated with 12, 24, or 36 μg active ingredient (a.i.) L⁻¹ florpyrauxifen-benzyl and exposed for 12, 24, or 48 hr under outdoor mesocosm conditions was reduced in biomass by 30-75% at 8 weeks after treatment (WAT). An additional hydrilla trial at the same herbicide concentrations, but under longer exposures (24, 72, or 168 hr), resulted in 33–85% plant control. Under indoor conditions, hybrid watermilfoil dry weight decreased 98–100% with subsurface applications of florpyrauxifen-benzyl under CET scenarios of 3–12 μg a.i. L⁻¹ at 3–24 hr exposure times in a growth chamber trial. Under shorter exposure periods (0.5–4 hr) in a follow-up trial, low doses (3–9 μg a.i. L⁻¹) achieved 50–100% control of hybrid watermilfoil. In the same trial, the nontarget species water stargrass and elodea proved relatively tolerant to the florpyrauxifen-benzyl at doses up to 6 μg a.i. L⁻¹ (4 hr exposure) and 9 μg a.i. L⁻¹ (1 hr exposure). These small-scale trials demonstrate florpyrauxifen-benzyl’s potential to selectively manage invasive species.
Technology Focus: Formation Evaluation (August 2021)
Authors: Perry Stephanie
Published: September 2021

Leading into the third quarter of this year, I am honored to be able to highlight and share three impactful SPE papers that demonstrate integration at its best. In reviewing the papers, five main technical themes emerged. These include

* Machine learning and artificial intelligence as applied to formation evaluation

* Production analysis methodologies and their effect on understanding rock characterization and behavior

* Subsurface characterization primarily focused on rock typing and permeability

* Tool advancements (openhole, cased-hole, or laboratory-based tools)

* Subsurface-to-production integration across subdisciplines (e.g., geology, geochemistry, petrophysics, and engineering)

The latter is the common thread between the three papers recommended and discussed here. In this new decade, the prevalence of integration is at the forefront of the scientific community. Every discipline, scientist, or company has a way in which they define the term “integration.” Regardless of how you define the effort that links disciplines quantitatively, the importance of constraining subsurface characterization to link it to production results and drive toward a predictive model is a critical accomplishment for our industry.

As such, I’d like to highlight three papers in this feature (OTC 30644, SPE 201417, and SPE 202683) and the knowledge and workflow applications they define and demonstrate. Sharing these integrated work flows with the community aids in teaching and leads to best-practice components of integrative studies. These efforts also share and demonstrate how to bridge the gap between in-situ characterization and wellhead performance prediction and results—in other words, the static-to-dynamic link between rock and fluid properties as quantified and how they will inevitably produce hydrocarbon through the rock and fluid interactions.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 201334 Combined Experimental and Well-Log Evaluation of Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Shales: An Application to Wellbore Stability in the Bakken Formation by Saeed Rafieepour, The University of Tulsa, et al.

SPE 201486 A New Safe and Cost-Effective Approach to Large-Scale Formation Testing by Fluid Injection on a Wireline Formation Tester by Christopher Michael Jones, Halliburton, et al.

SPE 201735 Integrated Reservoir Characterization With Spectroscopy, Dielectric, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance T1-T2 Maps in a Freshwater Environment: Case Studies From Alaska by ZhanGuo Shi, Schlumberger, et al.
Study Evaluates Fracturing Interference for Multiwell Pads in Shale Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: September 2021

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 201694, “Interwell Fracturing Interference Evaluation of Multiwell Pads in Shale Gas Reservoirs: A Case Study in WY Basin,” by Youwei He, SPE, Jianchun Guo, SPE, and Yong Tang, Southwest Petroleum University, et al., prepared for the 2020 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, originally scheduled to be held in Denver, Colorado, 5–7 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

The paper aims to determine the mechanisms of fracturing interference for multiwell pads in shale gas reservoirs and evaluate the effect of interwell fracturing interference on production. Field data of 56 shale gas wells in the WY Basin are applied to calculate the ratio of affected wells to newly fractured wells and understand its influence on gas production. The main controlling factors of fracturing interference are determined, and the interwell fracturing interacting types are presented. Production recovery potential for affected wells is analyzed, and suggestions for mitigating fracturing interference are proposed.

Interwell Fracturing Interference Evaluation

The WY shale play is in the southwest region of the Sichuan Basin, where shale gas reserves in the Wufeng-Longmaxi formation are estimated to be the highest in China. The reservoir has produced hydrocarbons since 2016.

Infill well drilling and massive hydraulic fracturing operations have been applied in the basin. Each well pad usually is composed of six to eight multifractured horizontal wells (MFHWs). Well spacing within one pad, or the distance between adjacent well pads, is so small that fracture interference can occur easily between infill wells and parent wells. Fig. 1 shows the number of wells affected by in-fill well fracturing from 2016 to 2019 in the basin. As the number of newly drilled wells increased between 2017 and 2019, the number of wells affected by hydraulic fracturing has greatly increased. The number of wells experiencing fracturing interaction has reached 65 in the last 4 years at the time of writing.
Laboratory Diagnostics Performance in Uganda: A Survey of Test Availability and Constraints Across 100 Laboratories
Authors: Namuhani Noel , Kiwanuka Suzanne N , Akulume Martha , Kalyesubula Simeon , Bazeyo William , Kisakye Angela N.
Published: September 2021

Background

Clinical laboratory services are a critical component of the health system for effective disease diagnosis, treatment, control and prevention. However, many laboratories in Sub Saharan Africa remain dysfunctional. The high costs of tests in the private sector also remain a hindrance to accessing testing services. This study aimed at assessing the functionality of laboratories based on test menus and the associated constraints in Uganda.
Methods

This cross sectional quantitative study involved an assessment of 100 laboratories randomly selected in 20 districts from four regions of the country. Sixteen percent of the studied laboratories were regional hub laboratories. Laboratory in charges and managers in each of the selected laboratories were interviewed. A checklist for laboratory supplies adapted from the Essential Medicines and Health supplies list for Uganda, (2012) was used to assess availability of testing supplies. Data was analyzed using excel and STATA 14.
Results

At the point of assessment, generally, all laboratories were able to perform malaria tests and HIV tests. All the hub laboratories conducted malaria tests and TB screening. Less than half had electrolytes tests due to lack of equipment, nonfunctioning equipment and lack of reagents. Full blood count tests were missing in 25% of the hub laboratories mainly due to lack of equipment. The lack of reagents (66.7%) and the lack of equipment (58.3%) caused the majority 10/16 of the hubs to routinely referred specimens for tests that are supposed to be carried out in these laboratories due to lack of reagents (66.7%) and non-functional equipment (58.3%). Although officially recognized as an operational structure, Hub laboratories lacked a list of essential and vital supplies.
Conclusions

Most laboratories performed well for the common tests. However, many laboratories did not meet testing requirements especially for the advanced tests according to standard testing menus for Uganda due to non-functioning equipment, lack of equipment and reagents. Hubs lack list of essential supplies. Therefore, there is need to provide equipment to laboratories, repair the non-functional ones and develop an essential list of supplies for the hub laboratories.
RNA-Seq And WGCNA Analysis Identifies Salt-Responsive Genes In Pear (Pyrus Ussuriensis Maxim)
Authors: Chen Qiming , Dong Huizhen , Xie Zhihua , Qi Kaijie , Huang Xiaosan , Zhang Shaoling
Published: September 2021

Background: Pear is one of the most abundant fruit crops and has been cultivated world-wide. However, the salt injury events caused by increased salinity limited the distribution and sustainable production of pear crops. Therefore, it is needed to take further efforts to understand the genetics and mechanisms of salt tolerance to improved salt resistance and productivity.Results: In this work, we analyzed the dynamic transcriptome of pear (Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim) under salt stress by using RNA-Seq and WGCNA. ﻿A total of 3540, 3831, 8374, 6267 and 5381 genes were identified that were differentially expressed after exposure to 200mM NaCl for 4, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours, respectively, and 1163 genes were shared among the five comparisons. ﻿KEGG enrichment analysis of these DEGs (differentially expressed genes) revealed that “MAPK signaling” and “Plant hormone signal transduction” pathways were highly enriched. Meanwhile, 622 DEGs identified from WGCNA were highly correlated with these pathways, and some of them were able to indicate the salt tolerance of pear varieties. In addition, we provide a network to demonstrate the time-sequence of these co-expressed MAPK and hormone related genes.Conclusion: A comprehensive analysis about salt-responsive pear transcriptome were performed by using RNA-Seq and WGCNA. We demonstrated that “MAPK signaling” and “Plant hormone signal transduction” pathways were highly recruited during salt stress, and provided new insights into the ﻿metabolism of plant hormones related signaling at transcriptome level underlying salt resistance in pear. The dynamic transcriptome data obtained from this study and these salt-sensitive DEGs may provide potential genes as suitable targets for further biotechnological manipulation to improve pear salt tolerance.
Molecular Signature of Subtypes of Renal cell carcinomas and Immunotherapy strategy
Authors: Guo Jianing , Lv XiaoFei , He Bin , Wang Pu , Liu Shenglai , Jiang Ning
Published: September 2021

BackgroundRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) was not a single disease, many efforts have been devoted to identifying RCC subtypes on the basis of genomic profiling, but none has classified immunogenomic profiling based on therapeutic responses in RCC subtypes.MethodsTumors from RCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort were analyzed, and genomic profiling was performed. We classified RCC on the basis of the immunogenomic profiling of 29 immune signatures.ResultsWe investigated the transcriptional changes of three RCC subtypes by RNA-seq. Gene ontology (GO) identify specific gene signatures differed significantly between KIRC, KIRP and KICH related to the distinct pathways. Site of origin within the nephron was one major determinant in the molecular and immune classification, reflecting differences between three subtypes. The Immunity High KIRC and KIRP subtype was enriched not only in immune signatures, but also including PD-L1 expression signaling, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway and Cell cycle signaling pathway. KICH was a distinct disease that shared little genomic characteristics with KIRC and KIRP.ConclusionsThe identification of RCC subtypes based on immune signatures has potential clinical implications for RCC treatment. It is imaginable that patients with higher immunity subtype of KIRC and KIRP would be more likely to respond to anti-PD-1/ PD-L1 therapy than patients with KICH subtype. CCL21 and CCL25 might be a potential target for KICH therapy.
Successful Resumption of Football Competition With Spectators During the Active Phase of COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences From A Rapidly Developing Country
Authors: Khan Naushad , Musleh AbdulWahab Al , Abdurahiman Sameer , Asim Mohammad , El-Menyar Ayman , Al-Thani Hassan
Published: September 2021

Background: COVID-19 has interrupted professional sporting activities for more than a year and sent shockwaves across the society. Objectives: To evaluate the resumption of professional football event with fans and the likely spread of COVID-19 infections. Design: A retrospective observational studyMethods: The study involved football players, match officials, local organizing committee (LOC) members, working in close coordination, and over 16,000 spectators in the state of Qatar. We examined data from the Amir Cup final (December 18th , 2020), which was played under a strict protocol that included extensive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing for players and match officials, as well as the utility of COVID-19 rapid antigen testing and antibody testing as a tool for screening spectators to ensure their safe return to the stadiums. In addition, we reviewed the guidelines and protocols that were put in place to organize Qatar's Amir Cup Football Final, which drew over 16,000 fans in the stadium.Results: A total of 16171 spectators undertook rapid antigen and antibody tests for the Amir cup final (From Dec16-Dec18, 2020). Fifteen Spectators (n=15) returned with a positive result for COVID-19 infection during the final event (Positivity rate =0.12%). All players underwent RT-PCR testing 48 hours before the match. None of the players tested positive for Covid-19 infections. 1311 individuals reported having symptoms related to COVID-19 post final of Amir Cup. These spectators were tested for COVID-19 RT-PCR with an overall positivity rate (positive/reactive) to be 0.42% (69/16171).Conclusion: This report shows a meagre incidence rate of COVID-19 infections during and post-Amir Cup final, and based on this, it appears that during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the supervised and controlled resumption of football matches with spectators can be carried out safely following a strict testing and tracing protocol.
Drone Surveys Revealed Bottom-Up, And Not Top-Down, Effects On The Marsh Deer Local Abundance
Authors: Brack Ismael Verrastro , Kindel Andreas , Berto Douglas Oliveira , Cordeiro José Luis Passos , Coelho Igor Pfeifer , Lahoz-Monfort José Joaquín , Oliveira Luiz Flamarion Barbosa
Published: September 2021

Context: Spatial variation in large herbivore populations can be highly affected by the availability of resources (bottom-up) but modulated by the presence of predators (top-down). Studying the relative influence of these forces has been a major topic of interest in ecological and conservation research, while it has also been challenging to sample large herbivores. Objective: i) Explore the use of spatiotemporally replicated drone-based counts analysed with N-mixture models to estimate abundance of large herbivores. ii) Evaluate the relative influence of bottom-up (forage and water) and top-down (jaguars) processes on the local abundance of the threatened marsh deer.Methods: We conducted spatiotemporally replicated drone flights in the dry season of Pantanal wetland (Brazil) and imagery was reviewed by either one or two observers. We fitted counts using N-mixture models (for single and double observer protocols) and modelled local abundance in relation to vegetation greenness, distance to water bodies, and jaguar density.Results: We found a positive relationship of marsh deer local abundance with vegetation greenness, a negative relationship with distance to water, but no relation with jaguar density. Individuals were concentrated in the lower and wetter region, even though it is the area expected to be more lethal from jaguar predation.Conclusions: Bottom-up processes are shaping the distribution of marsh deer in the dry season; the benefits of accessing high-quality areas outweigh predation risk from jaguars. Spatiotemporally replicated drone-based counts may serve as an accessible and cost-effective protocol for large herbivores abundance estimation and monitoring while accounting for imperfect detection.
Structural Damage Identification Method Based On Transmissibility in Time Domain
Authors: Zou Yunfeng , Lu Xuandong , Yang Jinsong , He Xuhui , Wang Tiantian
Published: September 2021

Structural damage identification technology is of great significance to improve the reliability and safety of civil structures and has attracted much attention in the study of structural health monitoring. In this paper, a novelty structural damage identification method based on the transmissibility in time domain is proposed. The method takes the discrepancy of transmissibility of structure response in time domain before and after damage as the basis of finite element model modification. The damage location and damage degree are obtained through iteration by minimizing the difference between the measurements at gauge locations and the reconstruction response extrapolated by FE model. Taking the advantage of the response reconstruction method based on empirical mode decomposition, the damage information is possible to obtain in the absence of prior knowledge on external excitation information. Moreover, this method is carried out in the time domain, without the need to identify the modal parameters and perform time-frequency analysis, which simplicity ensures the high efficiency of damage identification. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method are studied by simulation, including reconstruction error and measurement noise. The identification results demonstrate that the proposed structural damage identification method improves the calculation effectiveness considerably and ensures the identification accuracy.
The efficacy of bariticinib in real-world patients with refractory or severe juvenile dermatomyositis:a monocentric retrospective study
Authors: Wang Zhaoling , Zheng Qi , Xu XiSheng , Lu MeiPing
Published: September 2021

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of low dose baricitinib in children with refractory or severe juvenile dermatomyositis(JDM) in a real-world setting.
Methods

A monocentric retrospective real-world study was conducted, in which fourteen refractory and one severe newly diagnosed JDM patients were included. These patients were all treated by low dose baricitinib (below the recommended dose) combined with corticosteroids and or immunosuppressive agents. Clinical data were collected at the baseline and 4, 12, 24 weeks after baricitinib implication. Treatment response (complete response, CR, Partial response, PR and non-response,NR) was evaluated using both the Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO) remission criteria and skin Disease Activity Score (DAS). All the adverse events (AEs) were recorded.
Results

After baricitinib treatment, all 15 patients showed improvement of skin involvement, including 14 patients with recurrent skin rashes and one newly diagnosed JDM. Calcinosis stabilized in two patients (2/3) and partially regressed in one. Four patients (4/15) had interstitial lung disease (ILD), which normalized in one, improved in two and stabilized in one. One patient complicated with macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) achieved clinical remission. CR was achieved in 3/15 patients, ranging from 4 to 12 weeks after baricitinib initiation. Five patients (5/15) got PR 4 to 24 weeks after baricitinib use. Daily steroid dosage was decreased from 0.632 mg/kg to 0.357 mg/kg (P = 0.043) at 24 weeks in all responders. However, there was no statistically difference in muscle improvement. One patient was stopped using baricitinib because of varicella zoster virus infection, while no other serious side effect was observed in this study.
Conclusion

Low dose baricitinib had efficacy and was safe to applied in refractory or severe JDM patients, especially for recurrent skin rashes. Baricitinib may also be helpful for JDM complicated with ILD and MAS.
Temperature Environmental Adaptability Research of HNIW/FOX-7 Based PBXs
Authors: Lan Guanchao , Chao Hui , Wang Na , Yan Bo , Li Xiao , Jin Shaohua
Published: September 2021

In this study, HNIW/FOX-7 based PBX modeling powders and PBX columns were treated by LT (low temperature), HT (high temperature), HLC (high-low temperature cycle) and HLS (high-low temperature shock) to study temperature environmental adaptability of HNIW/FOX-7 based PBXs. Then SEM, IR, XRD and DSC were used to study the variation of PBX modeling powders after LT, HT, HLC and HLS treatments; in addition, the mass, size and mechanical properties of PBX columns were characterized after different temperature adaptability treatments as well. The results indicate that the change ratios of mass and size of HNIW/FOX-7 based PBX columns are less than 1%, illustrating that mass and size of PBX columns are at acceptable level after different temperature adaptability treatments. The unevenness degree of the surface of PBX modeling powders followed the order of HLC>HT>LT>HLS, which agrees well with mass loss order. Moreover, IR and XRD results indicated that the molecular structure and crystal form of HNIW and FOX-7 did not change after different temperature adaptability treatments. Additionally, thermal stabilities of PBX modeling powders are decreased after different temperature adaptability treatments, among which HLS has the largest influence on HNIW/FOX-based PBX modeling powders. The compression strengths and elastic moduli of HNIW/FOX-based PBX columns are enhanced after different temperature adaptability treatments, among which the strength of PBX columns after HLC has the maximum increase, indicating that HLC has more significant effect on mechanical property.
Minimal mechanistic component of proteasome activation and prevention of impairment by pathological oligomers
Authors: Chuah Janelle , Thibaudeau Tifffany , Smith David
Published: September 2021

Impairment of proteasomal function has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, justifying the need to understand how the proteasome is activated for protein degradation. Here, using biochemical and structural (cryo-EM) strategies in both archaeal and mammalian proteasomes, we further determine the HbYX(-motif)-dependent mechanism of proteasomal activation used by multiple proteasome-activating complexes including the 19S Particle. We identify multiple proteasome α subunit residues involved in HbYX-dependent activation, a point mutation that activates the proteasome by partially mimicking a HbYX-bound state, and conformational changes involved in gate-opening with a 2.0A structure. Through an iterative process of peptide synthesis, we successfully design a HbYX-like dipeptide mimetic as a robust tool to elucidate how the motif autonomously activates the proteasome. The mimetic induces near complete gate-opening at saturating concentration, activating mammalian proteasomal degradation of peptides and proteins. Findings using our peptide mimetic suggest the HbYX-dependent mechanism requires cooperative binding in at least two intersubunit pockets of the α ring. Collectively, the results presented here unambiguously demonstrate the lone role of the HbYX tyrosine in the allosteric mechanism of proteasome activation and offer proof of concept for the robust potential of HbYX-like small molecules to activate the proteasome.
Myocarditis Incidence, Complications and Mortality in Sweden: A Retrospective Registry Study From 2000-2014
Authors: Fu Michael , Kontogeorgos Silvana , Thunström Erik , Sandström Tatiana Zverkova , Kroon Christian , Bollano Entela , Schaufelberger Maria , Rosengren Annika
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Investigate trends in incidence and prognosis of myocarditis in Sweden during 2000-2014.Background: Myocarditis is an inflammatory heart disease, with scarce data concerning incidence and prognosis.Methods: Linking Swedish National Patient and Cause of Death Register, we identified individuals ≥16 years with first-time diagnosis of myocarditis during 2000-2014. Reference population, matched for age and birth year (n=16 622) was selected from the Swedish Total Population Register. Results: Among the 8 679 cases, (75% men, 64% <50 years), incidence rate/100 000 inhabitants rose from 6.3 to 8.6, mostly in men and those <50 years. Incident heart failure/dilated cardiomyopathy occurred in 6.2% within 1 year after index hospitalization and in 10.2% during 2000-2014, predominantly in those ≥50 years (12.1% within 1 year, 20.8% during 2000-2014). In all, 8.1% died within 1 year, 0.9% (<50 years) and 20.8% (≥50 years). Hazard ratios (adjusted for age, sex) for 1-year mortality comparing cases and controls were 4.00 (95% confidence interval 1.37-11.70), 4.48 (2.57-7.82), 4.57 (3.31-6.31) and 3.93 (3.39-4.57) for individuals aged <30, 30-<50, 50-<70, and ≥70 years, respectively. Conclusion: The incidence of myocarditis during 2000-2014 increased, predominantly in younger men. One-year mortality in the young was low, but fourfold higher compared with reference population.
Activation of Alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Reduce Chronic Pain-induced Anxiety and Depression-Like Behaviors via WNT/β-Catenin Pathway
Authors: Gong Xingrui , Chen Yongmei , Fan Rongmei , Cai Meihua , Zhang Mazhong
Published: September 2021

Chronic pain frequently leads to anxiety, depression and microglia-related inflammation is the common mechanism for chronic pain and psychiatric disorders. Activation of alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine (α7 nAch) receptor suppresses microglia-related inflammation. Thus, we evaluated the activation of α7 nAch receptors on chronic pain-induced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors and explored the potential mechanisms. Open field, sucrose preference, and pain behavior tests (paw withdrawal threshold, and cold response to acetone) were evaluated in male Wistar rats that received spared nerve injury (SNI) and complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) into the unilateral ankle articular cavity. The effect of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of α7 nAch receptor agonist PHA and α7 nAch receptor antagonist on anxiety and depression-like behaviors and cytokines expression were examined. Cytokines in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), basolateral amygdala (BA), and ventral hippocampus (VH) were measured using enzyme-linked immune absorbent assay. SNI surgery and CFA injection induced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, and ICV injection of PHA reduced that anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. SNI surgery and CFA injection skewed the mPFC, BA, and VH to a pro-inflammatory response and ICV injection of PHA shift brain to an anti-inflammatory response in those sites. The anti-depressive effect and anti-inflammatory effect of PHA were reversed by WNT/β-catenin inhibitor. Activation of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors reduces chronic pain-induced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, the mechanisms may be attributed to the activation of WNT/β-catenin pathway and suppression of brain inflammation.
Comparison of Changes in Lipid Profiles of Eastern Chinese Premenopausal Women with Early-Stage Breast Cancer Treated with Different Endocrine Therapy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang Kaiyue , Shen Lu , Wu Yinan , Zhang Suzhan , Tian Wei
Published: September 2021

Background: Adjuvant endocrine therapy improves the prognosis of early breast cancer with hormone receptor positivity. However, there is no systematic report on the effect of endocrine therapy (especially ovarian function suppression, OFS) on serum lipids in premenopausal women. This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine whether various endocrine treatments had different effects on blood lipids in young premenopausal breast cancer patients. Methods: This study enrolled 160 premenopausal patients with stage I-III breast cancer in eastern China. The initial diagnostic information was retrieved from patient's medical records, including age at the time of diagnosis, tumor characteristics, anticancer treatment, weight and height, and past medical history. They have no history of cardiovascular disease. The changes of blood lipids in the types of endocrine therapy were compared at the 3rd, 6th, 12th, and 24th months after the start of endocrine therapy. Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) was used in analyses Results: Our data revealed that LDL-C of patients with TAM group in the 6th, 12th, and 24th months was significantly lower than that in the 3rd month, while HDL-C in the 6th, 12th, and 24th months was significantly higher than that in the 3rd month, indicating that blood lipid levels generally improved with time. While in TAM plus OFS group, HDL-C in the 24th month was significantly higher than that in the 3rd month, TC in the 24th month was significantly higher than that in the 6th month. The lipid profiles of OFS plus AI group did not show significant differences at any time point but were significantly higher than those of the other two groups.Conclusions: TAM group tended to have lower serum lipid levels. With longer follow-up, no statistically significant difference in values at various time points was observed between TAM and TAM plus OFS groups. Compared with the other two groups, OFS plus AI group presented an increasing trend toward LDL-C and TC. The risk of dyslipidemia requires further investigation using a large sample size.