bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A pianística multifacetada de Francisco Mignone
Authors: Martins José Eduardo
Published: January 2017

A obra para piano de Mignone é extensa e diversificada. Os vários "approaches" multifacetados que, em parte, desconcertam o analista, fazem parte de constanteindagação. Excetuando-se as várias produções sob o pseudônimo de Chico Bororô, verifica-se que Mignone exercita com competência e naturalidade as técnicas composicionais aprendidas e as conhecidas através da curiosidade. Tonalidade, modalidade, atonalidade, politonalidade e outras técnicas lhe são familiares e é sobremaneira em específicos gêneros praticados que Mignone adequa as diversas orientações conhecidas. O presente ensaio não visa as diversas análises estruturais da produção pianística de Francisco Mignone. Contudo, dois aspectos básicos são abordados, após a visão sucinta da obra completa sob a trilha cronológica: código técnico pianístico e o timbre como busca clara no pensamento do autor.
Memória, História e Poder: A Sacralização do Nacional e do Popular na Música (1920-50)
Authors: Contier Arnaldo Daraya
Published: January 2017

A antinomia musica nacional/música universal tornou-se o ponto nodal das principais polêmicas afloradas entre compositores, historiadores, críticos, intérpretes, durante as décadas de 20 a 50. Esses intelectuais agregavam as noções de "música revolucionária", "arte engajada","música independente" à temática sobre o "nacional" e o internacional" no campo artístico. Este trabalho objetiva analisar alguns documentos produzidos pelos autores dessa época - de 1920 a 50.
Compositeurs au pouvoir en France sous la Troisième République
Authors: Chimènes Myriam
Published: January 2017

La IIIème Republique (1870-1940) presente un terrain d'investigations prívilégié, parce qu'elle constitue une période constitutionnelle stable et surtout parce qu'elle marque l'avenement définitif du pouvoir républicain et de stabilisation de la démocracie. Les études consacrées aux arts plastiques mettent en évidence l'existence d'un "art officiel" dont la postérité est bien en deçà de celle réservée à l'art marginalisé par le pouvoir de l'époque. En musique comme en peinture, sous la IIIème République, la marginalité n'a jamais reçu le soutien de l'État. Par définition, les novateurs ne furent jamais acceptés par les institutions officielles. Ceux que retient la mémoire collective (souvent à l'exclusion de tous les autres) sont précisément ceux que la mémoíre officielle entendait délibérément évacuer. Au regard de l'histoire, les grands sont donc les refusés, les maudits.
La Nueva y Bienvenida Ave Fénix
Authors: Vega Aurelio De la
Published: January 2017

La crisis de la música culta del siglo XX es la crisis del hombre moderno. La proclamación de una lógica artistica interna distinta a la lógica de la realidad, constituyó una proclama novedosa y encubridora que en un momento dado parecia ser revolucionária y refrescante. Pero los contínuos extremismos subsiguientes transformaron este desarollo en una simple revuelta autogratificadora. Después de la esterilidad y la idiotez de mucha de la música escrita en los cincuenta y los sesenta, hay señales que indican un retorno a un renovado balance entre el intelecto y la emoción.
Entrevista a Ricardo Tacuchian
Authors: Nketia Kwabena
Published: January 2017

O prof. Kwabena Nketia, após seus estudos fundamentais em Gana, transferiu-se, em 1944, para Londres, onde estudou Lingüística e Música Ocidental (isto é, teoria, musicologia e piano). Em 1949 retomou para sua terra natal onde assumiu uma posição de pesquisador de Música Africana, na Universidade de Gana, durante dez anos. Em 1958 recebeu uma bolsa da Rockfeller Foundation e foi estudar na Julliard School of Music, tendo entre outros professores, o compositor Henry Cowell. Em 1968, Nketia assumiu uma posição na UCLA. Em 1982, transfere-se de Los Angeles para a University of Pittsburgh onde trabalha até hoje. A atividade acadêmica do pesquisador, nos Estados Unidos, alternou-se com as atividades no lnstitute of African Studies da University of Ghana.
"Capoeira, Samba, Candomblé" de Tiago de Oliveira Pinto
Authors: Lacerda Marcos Branda
Published: January 2017

Tiago de Oliveira Pinto, musicólogo brasileiro residente emBerlirn, tomou para si a difícil tarefa de em uma única publicação abordar três gêneros musicais que, somados, compõem parte expressiva da ascendência africana na cultura brasileira. O trabalho resulta da apreciação de duas fontes complementares de conhecimento etnográfico: uma impecável leitura principalmente das inúmeras publicações referentes à cultura baiana e afro-brasileira e a avaliação de uma minuciosa visita ao recôncavo baiano, realizada certamente em sucessivas viagens. Intenção expressa do autor não foi a de estabelecer um corpus musical ("Liedsammlung") acrescido de comentários analíticos, mas sim fazer uma abordagem de parte essencial das atividades musicais no Recôncavo Baiano com base em questões históricas, sociológicas, lingüísticas e psicológicas. Simultaneamente à publicação do trabalho, o autor editou um CD com gravações de parte das músicas referidas. Nele se encontram registrados exemplos expressivos de execuções originais da música do Recôncavo, divididos equilibradamente pelos três gêneros abordados no livro.
Análise do Coral "Em Memória de Meu Pai" de Camargo Guarnieri
Authors: Corrêa Sérgio Vasconcellos
Published: January 2017

O coral "Em memória de meu pai" de Camargo Guarnieri foi composto a 24 de agosto de 1973. Apesar da sua brevidade (38 compassos), configura-se como uma das obras mais significativas e representativas da produção coral do autor. Nela podemos sentir a sua emotividade (contida, é bem verdade, mas ...) sempre presente; o extraordinário aprimoramento técnico, responsável pela posição que ocupa no cenário musical das Américas, além daquela postura avessa ao exibicionismo, marca patente que tão bem encobre o virtuosismo e faz da sua música (esteticamente nada fácil) um primor de simplicidade.
"In Memoriam" de Camargo Guarnieri
Authors: Martins José Eduardo
Published: January 2017

A morte recente de Camargo Guarnieri deverá descentralizar as reflexões que, de há muito, processavam-se sobre a abrangência de seu perfil. A decantação resultante do recuo histórico abrirá a perspectiva da pesquisa da criação extensa desvinculada de fatores decorrentes de idiossincrasias pessoais.
A Escala de Tons na Obra de Francisco de Lacerda
Authors: Bettencourt da Câmara José Manuel
Published: January 2017

O recurso à escala por tons inteiros e aos acordes aumentados funciona como fator de renovação da tonalidade, que assim se adapta a traços de nova sensibilidade musical que se afirma por fins do século XIX e princípios do século XX. Sem contradição, podemos entendê-lo também como fator de dissolução do idioma tonal. Na obra de Francisco de Lacerda, mesmo nos trechos que mais longe vão nesta matéria, jamais deparamos com atonalidade franca, com a absoluta ausência de um som que de algum modo polariza o discurso musical, como ponto de partida que será, por necessidade, também ponto de chegada.
Una Visita al "Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics"
Authors: Dal Farra Ricardo
Published: January 2017

Durante una reciente estadía en el "Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics" - CCRMA - de la Universidad de Stanford, tuve la oportunidad de conocer más de cerca los estudios y desarollos que allí se están llevando adelante. A partir del trabajo interdisciplinario de compositores y científicos que emplean a las computadoras como un nuevo medio artístico-musical y como una herramienta para sus investigaciones, se desarrollan en CCRMA teorías y experiencias en campos tan diversos como la síntesis de sonido a través de modelos físicos, el reconocimiento óptico de una partitura, la producción de instrumentos musicales y controladores alternativos, la confección de un archivo musical con grabaciones digitales de las primeras obras electroacústicas realizadas en todo el mundo, la creación de lenguajes de programación aplicados a la composición musical, la implementación de un sistema que permita controlar en tiempo real el movimiento espacial del sonido, el estudio del proceso por el cual el sistema auditivo separa los sonidos provenientes de distintas fuentes, la transformación interactiva por medio de computadoras del sonido de instrumentos musicales acústicos, y el análisis de factores psicoacústicos que influyen sobre la entonación musical, entre muchos otros.
A Antífona Virgo Prudentissima de Francisco Gomes da Rocha
Authors: Crespo Filho Silvio Augusto
Published: January 2017

Um dos nomes mais destacados entre os músicos das Minas Gerais no Século XVIII é o de Francisco Gomes da Rocha. Seus dados biográficos são escassos, como, de resto, os de todos os outros compositores mineiros da época. Sabe-se que nasceu em Vila Rica e atuou com relevância, como compositor e cantor, nas últimas décadas do século, falecendo a 9 de fevereiro de 1808. Gomes da Rocha revela mestria refinada e um estilo mais próximo da música européia de sua época do que seus contemporâneos mineiros. Sua obra deve ter sido extensa, embora só algumas raras peças se encontrem hoje nos arquivos de nossa música colonial. A obra aqui analisada é parte da "Novena de Nossa Senhora do Pilar a 4, com Violinos,  Violas, Trompas e Basso" composta em Vila Rica em junho de 1789. Foi das primeiras obras descobertas por Curt Lange, e por ele restaurada e editada
Modernidad y Posmodernidad en el Compositor Chileno Contemporáneo
Authors: González Juan Pablo
Published: January 2017

Después del modernismo de los años cincuenta, que alcanzó predominio en la música chilena hasta mediados de los años ochenta, una práctica artística menos críptica y elitista que la moderna, comenzó a desarrollarse también en Chile. Ella se manifestó en el teatro (Ramón Griffero), las artes plásticas (Bororo), la arquitectura (edificio del Congreso Nacional), el video (Gloria Camiruaga), la música popular (Fulano), la literatura (Marco Antonio de la Parra) y la crítica cultural (Nelly Richards). Revisemos cómo algunos de los rasgos posmodernos se han manifestado en la práctica musical chilena de esta última década.
"A Superabundance of Music": Reflections on Vienna, Italy and German Opera, 1912-1918
Authors: Blackburn Robert
Published: January 2017

In the decade 1912-22, the rising stars of Gernan opera were both Austrians: Franz Schreker, born in 1878, and the very young Erich Korngold, born in 1897. It is Christopher Hailey's new biographical study of Schreker which prompts this essay. I shall be looking here at a group of works that belong to the dying years of the "Italian Renaissance" or "Renaissanceism" boom on the German stage, a fashion dating back to the 1870s.
Música Doméstica e Tecnologia
Authors: Tacuchian Ricardo
Published: January 2017

Este trabalho é uma reflexão sobre as relações existentes entre o declínio da música doméstica no início do século XX, pela ação de uma nova tecnologia eletro-eletrônica, e a sua recuperação, também pela ação da tecnologia, já neste final de século. Usamos a designação "música doméstica" para aquela feita em casa, nas horas de lazer, por músicos amadores; e delimitamos a expressão a uma prática mais urbana, excluindo a rica manifestação folclórica, que é uma tradição predominantemente rural.
A História da Música em Questão: Uma Reflexão Metodológica
Authors: Freire Vanda Lima Bellard
Published: January 2017

O artigo apresenta o resumo da Conferência proferida no concurso para Professor Titular de História da Música da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Uma reflexão sobre os encaminhamentos metodológicos mais usualmente empregados na prática histórica referente à atividade musical é o propósito deste trabalho. A bibliografia sobre História da Música, ainda que revestida de considerações sobre o contexto em que as obras foram geradas por seus autores, essencialmente continua enfatizando, na quase totalidade dos casos, a sucessão cronológica, a derivação causal de processos estéticos, ainda que enriquecidos por exemplos obtidos da análise de obras. A dificuldade de estruturar um caminho teoricamente consistente para a elaboração de um discurso sobre a História da Música, seja no trabalho em classe, seja na orientação ou na estruturação de pesquisas, levou a que se concentrassem os esforços na busca de um referencial teórico-metodológico satisfatório. Os principais caminhos trilhados nesse questionamento serão expostos neste trabalho, assim como a concepção teórico-metodológica a que se chegou, concepção essa que visa à proposição de um caminho alternativo - e, pretensamente, mais consistente e condizente - para a elaboração do relato histórico sobre a música.
Sonorité, Espace et Forme dans "La Cathédrale Engloutie" de Debussy
Authors: Guigue Didier
Published: January 2017

"La Cathédrale engloutie" semble exemplairement l'oeuvre au sujet de laquelle le discours analytique ne tend que trop souvent à se retrancher derrière une profusion de métaphores poétiques de peu de recours pour sa compréhension formelle. Or, Jarocinsky a bien insisté sur le fait que tout examen "qui n'aborde pas les valeurs purement sonores qu'elle recèle, doit être jugé incomplet, partiel et déformant son véritable aspect". Toutefois, la plupart des travaux qui, cherchant à analyser la configuration et le rôle formel des sonorités dans ce Prélude, vont au-delà de la description métaphorique, abordent cet aspect par des moyens qui ne permettent que des observations très générales, ou la description locale d'effets pianistiques de timbre, sans pouvoir préciser techniquement leurs dynamiques interne et externe. Le présent travail cherche à pallier partiellement à ce déficit, en proposant une méthode spécifique d'investigation de la partition, qui soit à même de fournir des réponses strictement techniques sur les stratégies mises en oeuvre par le compositeur pour articuler un des composants de l'écriture qui participe de la configuration de ces "valeurs purement sonores" dont parle Jarocinsky, à savoir: l'utilisation de l'espace.
Fontes Inéditas dos "Trois Études" para piano (1910) de Henrique Oswald
Authors: Martins José Eduardo
Published: January 2017

Entre os manuscritos de Henrique Oswald (1852-1931) doados pelos descendentes do compositor ao CDEMB-DM-ECA/USP, quatro autógrafos completos referem-se a Estudos para piano solo: Trois Études (1910) e o Étude pour la main gauche (1921). Na produção de Henrique Oswald para piano solo, seis são os Estudos, somando-se aos quatro citados o Estudo (edição póstuma) (1897) e o Scherzo-Étude (1902), todos editados. Os Trois Études formam um conjunto monolítico criado basicamente num impulso único a propiciar a homogeneidade técnico pianística, mercê de problemática específica exaurida em sua essencialidade, o arpejo. As novas fontes manuscritas autógrafas completas dos Trois Études representam matéria de interesse comparativo e estético musical, entendendo-se o conjunto editado. Numa visão outra, a quase inexistência de rasuras confere aos Estudos em questão, em suas roupagens manuscritas, definições por parte do autor e determinados valores a antecederem os contidos nos decisivos manuscritos que serviriam à imediatamente posterior edição.
O "Ensaio sobre a Música Brasileira": Estudo dos Matizes Ideológicos do Vocabulário Social e Técnico-Estético (Mário de Andrade, 1928)
Authors: Contier Arnaldo Daraya
Published: January 2017

No Ensaio sobre a música brasileira, Mário de Andrade, em 1928, utilizou um vocabulário técnico-estético e ideologicamente marcado por uma determinada interpretação da História do Brasil. Naquela obra, Mário realizou um estudo amplo e genérico sobre possíveis relações entre as músicas popular e erudita, almejando envolver emotivamente o jovem artista (compositor ou intérprete) no seu projeto em prol da nacionalização da música erudita brasileira. Para Mário, a Nação brasileira era considerada atrasada, sob os pontos de vista: econômico, social, político, cultural e filosófico. Apesar de criticar o atraso, a falta de tradição cultural e a "ignorância" estética da burguesia da Belle Époque, Mário  assumiu no Ensaio, em alguns de seus trechos, uma visão "otimista" em face do futuro, exaltando o "progresso" como algo natural e inconscientemente internalizado no homem, capaz de voltar-se para as suas "raízes", contribuindo para a "libertação" do Brasil em face do seu passado musical visto como "decadente", em especial durante o período de 1889 a 1918. Mário esboçou no Ensaio uma pregação missionário-doutrinária, visando despertar nos artistas uma tomada de consciência de seus "erros", tais como: exotismo; individualismo exacerbado; mimetismo; apologia do tradicionalismo musical europeu.
Temi Musicali e Temi Ebraici nel Pensiero di Wladimir Jankélévitch
Authors: Fubini Enrico
Published: January 2017

Wladimir Jankélévitch, filosofo e musicologo, ha dedicato una parte relativamente esigua delle sue riflessioni ad un tema in apparenza secondario ed eterogeneo rispetto ai suoi interessi dominante, cioè alla situazione esistenziale dell'ebreo diasporico nel mondo odierno, delineando così una fenomenologia della coscienza ebraica. Nella immensa produzione filosofica di Jankélévitch tale riflessione occupa una posizione senza dubbio marginale ma tuttavia, dal momento che la sua personalità non ha i caratteri dell’eclettismo, sorge spontanea la domanda se le sue riflessioni sull' ebraismo s'inseriscano nel contesto più generale del suo pensiero o se rimangano un episodio isolato, legato a sue vicende biografiche personali.
Jdanov, Brecht, Eisler e a Questão do Formalismo
Authors: Ricciardi Rubens
Published: January 2017

O presente artigo pretende estudar o debate em torno do formalismo a partir do discurso de Jdanov, com a leitura dos posicionamentos de Brecht e de Eisler, e, neste último caso, comparando sua postura antes e depois de Jdanov. Esta análise visa a uma melhor compreensão das adversidades que não só Eisler, mas boa parte dos compositores residentes nos países do bloco soviético, enfrentaram a partir das conseqüências do discurso de Jdanov, que determinaria as diretrizes gerais e a linha dominante da histórica Conferência dos Representantes da Música Soviética junto ao Comitê Central do Partido Comunista da URSS, em Moscou, janeiro de 1948.
Limiting Civilian Casualties as Part of a Winning Strategy: The Case of Courageous Restraint
Authors: Felter Joseph H. , Shapiro Jacob N.
Published: January 2017

Military commanders in wartime have moral obligations to abide by international norms and humanitarian laws governing their treatment of noncombatants. How much risk to their own forces they must take to limit harm to civilians in the course of military operations, however, is unclear. The principle of proportionality in the law of armed conflict all but necessitates that they make a utilitarian calculation: potential harm to civilians must always be balanced against military value when considering actions that could hurt innocents. In asymmetric conflicts, such as most counterinsurgencies, information flows, collaboration, and ultimately the support of the local population can be key to achieving strategic objectives. Thus, limiting casualties to noncombatants and other actions that alienate the population in these types of conflicts is a key part of a winning strategy. The concept of “courageous restraint” was created to express this principle to NATO and U.S. forces fighting in Afghanistan.
Just War Theory & the Conduct of Asymmetric Warfare
Authors: Weiner Allen S.
Published: January 2017

A central element of the dominant view of just war theory is the moral equality of soldiers: combatants have equal rights to wage war against one another and are entitled to certain protections if captured, without regard to which side's cause of war is just. But whether and how this principle should apply in asymmetric armed conflicts between states and nonstate groups is profoundly unsettled. I argue that we should confer war rights on fighters for nonstate groups when they are engaged in violence that has risen to the level of armed conflict, and when the state against which the war is being waged is not entitled to assert its monopoly on the legitimate exercise of force, either because 1) the nonstate group has established sufficient control over territory to assert its own governing authority; or 2) because the group is located abroad. Conferring war rights on nonstate fighters does not, however, permit them to engage in acts that violate the laws of war. Fighters who commit such violations are individually subject to prosecution without regard to their group's entitlement to war rights.
Stay the Hand of Justice? Evaluating Claims that War Crimes Trials Do More Harm than Good
Authors: Martins Mark S. , Bronsther Jacob
Published: January 2017

An enduring dilemma in war is whether and how to punish those responsible for war crimes. In this essay, we analyze the most frequent criticisms made by war crimes trial skeptics, including the claims that such trials endanger prospects for peace by encouraging enemies to continue fighting, that they achieve only “victors’ justice” rather than real justice, and that, in any event, they are unnecessary due to the existence of more effective and less costly alternatives. We conclude, in accordance with a “moderate retributivism,” that when carried out consistently with established law and procedure, and when not dramatically outweighed by concerns that trials will exacerbate ongoing or future conflicts, prosecutions are a legitimate, and sometimes necessary, response to violations of the laws of war and international criminal law more broadly.
Trends in Nonviolent Resistance and State Response: Is Violence Towards Civilian-based Movements on the Rise?
Authors: Chenoweth Erica
Published: January 2017

Nonviolent mass movements are the primary challengers to governments today. This represents a pronounced shift in the global landscape of dissent. Through 2010, such movements tended to be surprisingly effective in removing incumbent leaders from power, even when they experienced some repression from the government. But from 2010 through May 2016, the success rates of nonviolent campaigns declined dramatically. I speculate that although there are several probable reasons for this decline, repressive adaptations of authoritarian governments against such campaigns may be part of the story. I summarize some of the common methods of “smart” repression that many authoritarian governments have adopted in response to the growing effectiveness of nonviolent resistance. The article concludes by identifying the potential consequences of such trends for those concerned with atrocity prevention.
Avian type specimens and their type localities from Otto Schütt's and Friedrich von Mechow's Angolan collections in the Museum für Naturkunde of the Humboldt-University of Berlin
Authors: STEINHEIMER FRANK D. , DEAN W. R. J.
Published: January 2017

A comprehensive list of all avian type specimens in the Angolan collections of Otto Schütt and Major Friedrich Wilhelm Alexander von Mechow housed in the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (ZMB) is given for the new avian taxa originally described by Cabanis, Reichenow, Neumann, Grote and Neuzig in the late 19th and early 20th century. Each entry discusses the collection history of the specimens, the type locality, nomenclature and taxonomy.
Lapidia, a new monotypic genus of Asteraceae (Eupatorieae) from Brazil, and its phylogenetic placement
Authors: ROQUE NÁDIA , FERREIRA SILVANA C. , VAN DEN BERG CÁSSIO
Published: January 2017

Asteraceae is the family with the highest species number in the rocky fields (campos rupestres) of the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. On the basis of several collections from this area, we are proposing a new genus of Asteraceae based on morphology and phylogeny, to accommodate a species newly described here. Lapidia apicifolia is a loosely ramified shrub 2–4 m high, stem tomentose, leaves opposite-decussate, laminae conduplicate, petiolate, receptacle flat, epaleaceous, glabrous, and pappus of bristles fused at base, irregular in length, fringed and purplish. In a phylogenetic analysis using sequence data from ITS and trnL-trnF of selected members of Eupatorieae, Lapidia is indicated as sister group of a highly supported clade with Morithamnus, Bahianthus and Catolesia. This group is composed by loosely branched shrubs, most with leaves that are lax, stems, leaves and involucral bracts that are viscid (Bahianthus and Morithamnus) and, if not, trichomes (tomentose indumentum) are developed (Lapidia), to protect against both solar radiation and loss of water. A description, illustrations, and a discussion about related and sympatric genera are presented.
Belostoma martini (Montandon): description of the instars and redescription of the adult (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae)
Authors: ESTÉVEZ ANA L. , SCHNACK JUAN A.
Published: January 2017

The five instars, and the adult of Belostoma martini (Montandon) are described and redescribed, respectively. All stages of development were captured at “Arroyo La Tapera”, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina (30o 00’S, 57o 33’ W). In addition, the instars of the eight Belostoma species from Argentina whose immatures are known, including B. martini, are compared.
Water mite species of the genus Hydrodroma Koch (Acari: Hydrachnidia, Hydrodromidae) from Australasia. Part I
Authors: PESIC VLADIMIR , SMIT HARRY
Published: January 2017

Three new water mite species of the genus Hydrodroma Koch (Acari: Hydrachnidia, Hydrodromidae), characterized by more than one swimming setae on II-L-5, are reported from Australia and New Caledonia: Hydrodroma kununurra sp. nov., H. australis sp. nov. and H. kakadu sp. nov.
Three new species of the genus Oligobregma (Polychaeta, Scalibregmatidae) from the Scotia and Weddell Seas (Antarctica)
Authors: SCHÜLLER MYRIAM , HILBIG BRIGITTE
Published: January 2017

Three new species of the scalibregmatid genus Oligobregma Kudenov & Blake, 1978 are described from Antarctic waters. The species are best distinguished by the number and arrangement of acicular spines in anterior notopodia. While Oligobregma pseudocollare sp. nov., bears two rows of spines in the first two notopodia, spines are arranged in single rows in Oligobregma blakei sp. nov. In Oligobregma quadrispinosa sp. nov., the first four chaetigers are armed with acicular spines. The species were collected from depths between 753 and 4069 m in the Scotia and Weddell Seas. A comparison with further species of Oligobregma known from Southern Oceans is given.
Fine morphology of the cuticle surface of Chordodes anthophorus and reinterpretation of C. aquaeductus, C. ferganensis and C. oscillatus (Gordiida Nematomorpha)
Authors: DE VILLALOBOS CRISTINA , ZANCA FERNANDA , SPIRIDONOV SERGEI
Published: January 2017

We reinvestigate four species of the genus Chordodes from Central Asia and one from Georgia (Transcaucasian part of former USSR) in order to certify the taxonomic descriptions and verify the species status. By scanning electron microscopy, we demonstrate characteristic cuticular patterns for Chordodes anthophorus. The other three species, C. aquaeductus, C. ferganensis and C. oscillatus are synonymized with C. anthophorus because no differences were detected.
A review of Physiphora Fallén (Diptera: Ulidiidae) from China
Authors: CHEN XIAO-LIN , KAMENEVA ELENA P.
Published: January 2017

Five species of the genus Physiphora Fallén are found to occur in China: P. alceae Preyssler, P. chalybea Hendel, P. clausa (Macquart), P. hainanensis Chen n. sp. and P. longicornis Hendel. Among them, P. alceae Preyssler, P. chalybea Hendel and P. clausa (Macquart) are newly reported from Mainland China; P. hainanensis n. sp. is described and figured. A key to the species, diagnoses, description and illustrations are also provided.
Catalogue of the available scientific species-group names for lizards of the genus Phrynocephalus Kaup, 1825 (Reptilia, Sauria, Agamidae)
Authors: BARABANOV ANDREI V. , ANANJEVA NATALIA B.
Published: January 2017

This paper is a review of the specific taxonomy of the lizard genus Phrynocephalus Kaup, 1825. From 1771 to 2002, 140 species were either described as members of this genus, or of other genera but subsequently reffered to this genus. We have tried to review all the available information on the taxonomic status of these 140 names and the status of their name-bearing types. As a result of this review, 114 types are known to be extant, including 22 lectotypes and 5 neotypes designated in the present paper. As a conclusion of this preliminary analysis, we provisionally distribute these 140 names in 37 valid species names in the genus Phrynocephalus, 102 invalid synonyms of the latter names, and 1 nominal species now referred to another genus. The new subgenus Oreosaura subgen. nov. is described to accomodate viviparous species from Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
Ommatoiulus malleatus n. sp., a new Tunisian millipede, with notes on the punicus species group of Ommatoiulus (Diplopoda, Julidae)
Authors: AKKARI NESRINE , VOIGTLÄNDER KARIN
Published: January 2017

A new millipede species, Ommatoiulus malleatus n. sp. (Diplopoda, Julidae), is described from the Ichkeul National Park, Tunisia. The gonopod structure of the species indicates the punicus-group which includes Ommatoiulus punicus (Brölemann, 1894), Ommatoiulus seurati (Brolemann, 1925), Ommatoiulus aumalensis (Brolemann, 1925), Ommatoiulus atlanteus Schubart, 1960, Ommatoiulus quadridentatus Schubart, 1960 recorded from North Africa and Ommatoiulus brandti (Berlese, 1885) from Sicily. The new species is, however, well differentiated by a particular “hammer-like structure” on the mesomerite process of the posterior gonopod.
A new species of endemic frog belonging to genus Nannophrys Günther, 1869 (Anura: Dicroglossinae) from Sri Lanka
Authors: FERNANDO SAMANTHA SURANJAN , WICKRAMASINGHA L.J. MENDIS , RODIRIGO ROSHAN K.
Published: January 2017

The paper describes a new frog of the genus Nannophrys from Sri Lanka. The new species is distinguished from all other Nannophrys species by the following combination of morphological characters; distal subarticular tubercle and penultimate subarticular tubercles of 4th toe are well separated (vs. these two tubercles close in all other species of the genus). Supernumerary tubercle absent or smaller than penultimate subarticular tubercle on 4th toe. A hard sharp narrow symphysial knob and close pair of sharp apophyses on anterior edge of mandible and symphysial knob lower than two apophyses (vs. all other species with a blunt wider symphysial knob and wider pair of apophyes on anterior edge of mandible, and symphysial knob of same height or higher than two apophyses. Palmar tubercles comparatively smaller, inner palmar tubercle separated from outer palmar tubercle (vs. other relatives possess palmar tubercles comparatively large, inner palmar tubercle connected with outer palmar tubercle). Ecological and distributional notes for the new species are given.
A redescription of the Long-tailed Nesokia, Nesokia bunnii, and designation of a neotype (Rodentia: Muridae)
Authors: KRYŠTUFEK BORIS , AL-SHEIKHLY OMAR F. , HUTTERER RAINER
Published: January 2017

Long-tailed Nesokia, Nesokia bunnii, is a large rat restricted to the Mesopotamian marshes in Basra Province in southern Iraq. The species is known from five museum vouchers collected between March 1974 and January 1977. The type and the paratype, deposited in the Natural History Research Centre and Museum, University of Baghdad, Iraq, were destroyed during War on Iraq in 2003. By studying morphological details on three museum specimens in the Senckenberg Institution, Frankfurt a. M., Germany, we show that N. bunnii is unique among the Bandicoot rats (Nesokia and Bandicota) in having (1) rufous dorsal pelage, (2) facial mask of rufous, dark brown, grey and whitish areas, (3) whitish belly which is clearly demarcated along flanks, (4) ventral hairs white to bases, (5) woolly underfur, (6) long front claws, and (7) large tail annulation. Similar to N. indica, but in contrast to Bandicota, N. bunnii displays short incisive foramina, posterior margin of hard palate which terminates at the level of the third molar, and robust, hypsodont and laminate molars which lack posterior cingula. To objectively define the taxon we designate a neotype, which was collected at Saraifa, 30 km north of Qurna, Iraq. Our study highlights the importance of museum collections in documenting biodiversity and the indifference of decision makers and international institutions regarding their safe future.
Data Analysis of Upper Atmosphere Temperature Detected by Sounding Rockets in China
Authors: Li J. W. , Sheng Z. , Fan Z. Q. , Zhou S. D. , Shi W. L.
Published: January 2017

Sounding rockets launched by China have collected data on the upper atmosphere for nearly 50 years. In this work, the data accuracy and variable characteristics of upper atmosphere temperature data, gathered at heights of 20–60 km over Jiuquan, China, during 1974–2014, were analyzed. The relative accuracy of sounding rocket temperature data was determined by comparing the data with Mass Spectrometer and Incoherent Scatter (MSIS) model data by season, and with Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) from theThermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics(TIMED) satellite by year. The sounding rocket temperature data showed differences from MSIS in every season, with the minimum difference occurring in summer, the next smallest difference in winter, and the maximum difference occurring in autumn. The sounding rocket data showed smaller differences from the SABER data, although the deviation still fluctuated depending on the date and hour of the observations. In addition, the temperature distributions of the temperature profiles were examined at different times at the same heights. By linearly fitting the mean temperature profiles of each season, the statistical characteristics of the temperature changes with height were explored.
Candidate Gender, Behavioral Style, and Willingness to Vote
Authors: Everitt Joanna , Best Lisa A. , Gaudet Derek
Published: January 2017

This article explores the impact that women’s and men’s nonverbal forms of communication have on voters’ evaluations of political figures. The results indicate that nonverbal cues employed by female and male politicians during political speeches trigger both leadership and gender stereotypes. Furthermore, these behaviors produce different reactions among male and female viewers. Our results indicate that while female politicians are not generally stereotyped as being less agentic (strong leaders, aggressive, tough, confident, or decisive) than men, when they are observed using agonic (assertive, expressive, or choppy) hand movements, their assessments drop. Men demonstrating the same behavior see their leadership assessments improve. Nonverbal cues have little effect on gender-based stereotypes linked to communal qualities such as being caring, sociable, emotional, sensitive, and family oriented, but do impact willingness to vote for a candidate. Women are more likely to receive votes particularly from male respondents if they are calm and contained. Male candidates are more likely to be supported by both women and men when they communicate using assertive nonverbal behaviors.
Dual Screening During Presidential Debates
Authors: Shah Dhavan V. , Hanna Alex , Bucy Erik P. , Lassen David S. , Van Thomme Jack , Bialik Kristen , Yang JungHwan , Pevehouse Jon C. W.
Published: January 2017

The impact of presidential debates on candidate evaluations remains an open topic. Research has long sought to identify the factors that matter most in citizens’ responses to debate content, including what candidates say, how they say it, and the manner in which they appear. This study uses detailed codings of the first and third 2012 presidential debates to evaluate the impact of candidates’ verbal and nonverbal behaviors on viewers’ “second screen” response—their use of computers, tablets, and mobile devices to express their reactions to the viewing experience. To examine the relationship between candidates’ on-screen behaviors and the social media response, we conduct generalized least squares regression (Prais–Winstein estimation) relating two data sources: (a) a shot-by-shot content analysis coded for rhetorical/functional, tonal, and visual elements of both candidates’ behavior during the debates, and (b) corresponding real-time measures of the volume and valence of online expression about the candidates on Twitter. We find that the nonverbal communication behaviors of candidates—their facial expressions, physical gestures, and blink rate—are consistent, robust, and significant predictors of the volume and valence of public expression during debates, rivaling the power of memes generated by candidates and contributing more than rhetorical strategies and speech tone.
Personalized News and Participatory Intent
Authors: Bas Ozen , Grabe Maria Elizabeth
Published: January 2017

Political communication scholars have shown that nonverbal communication cues have the potential to influence political judgments. The bulk of this literature has focused on leader displays in the context of electoral politics. The study reported here aligns with that body of literature, but tests how facial displays of ordinary citizens might affect political participatory intentions among different demographic groups. The study reported here provides support for the idea that being exposed to audiovisual news that features emotional testimonies of people with firsthand experience of social issues encourages political participation. The findings from a mixed design experiment ( N = 80) examining story personalization, ideological strength, and education level offer evidence that participants from both higher and lower socioeconomic segments of society become equally motivated for political participation after viewing emotional testimony of fellow citizens. It is reasonable to start considering the potential of news that gives voice to ordinary people, showcasing their facial displays of emotion, for revitalizing the public sphere.
More Than Just Four Letters: NBCT
Authors: Crowley Ali
Published: January 2017

Do you want to be a better teacher? Perhaps pursuing National Board Certification is the next step on your career path.
Teacher Unions 101
Authors: Koppich Julia E.
Published: January 2017

Teacher unions are a hot topic and one that probably wasn't covered in your college classes. Find out why they were originally formed, what collective bargaining is, and what's covered in a contract.
Views on the Effects of the Spanish Dependency Law on Caregivers’ Quality of Life Using Concept Mapping
Authors: Salvador-Piedrafita María , Malmusi Davide , Mehdipanah Roshanak , Rodríguez-Sanz Maica , Espelt Albert , Pérez Cristina , Solf Elisabeth , Abajo del Rincón María , Borrell Carme
Published: January 2017

In 2006 the Spanish Dependency Law established new rights for people in situation of dependency. The impact of the Law could have also affected the quality of life of their carers. This study aims to understand how the Law may have influenced caregivers’ quality of life through their own perceptions and those of Primary Health Care professionals, and to compare both perspectives. The study used Concept Mapping, a mixed methods technique. In total, 16 caregivers and 21 professionals participated. Both groups identified a mix of positive and negative effects. Uncertainties and delays in granting benefits were reported. However, several advantages were identified, such as the possibility of sharing the burden of care, thus reducing its physical, mental and social consequences, while at the same time being able to maintain responsibility. Most of the mechanisms identified were common to both caregivers and professionals; the most notable differences were that the latter attached more importance to economic support and less to the negative effects of implementation of the Law. This study reveals positive effects of the Law on caregivers’ quality of life and the potential for improvement of some negative aspects in its implementation related with the context of austerity.
Role of Organic Phosphate in Mineralization of Bone in vitro
Authors: Tenenbaum H.C.
Published: January 2017

Calvarial periostea were dissected from 17-day-old embryonic chicks and folded with the osteogenic cells in apposition. The folded explants were cultured for up to six d on serum and plasma clots or in serum-free hormone-supplemented completely-defined medium. Osteoid consistently formed in such cultures in both types of media, and this osteoid mineralized when appropriate levels of β-glycerophosphate were added to each type of medium. The data presented suggest that the levels of organic phosphate might be more important than inorganic phosphates as a limiting factor in the initiation of mineralization of bone in vitro.
Organ Culture of Murine Tooth Germs Exposed to Alloimmune IgG
Authors: Hubbard M.J.
Published: January 2017

The effect of H-2 specific alloimmune IgG on mouse molar tooth germs maintained in organ culture was assessed by light microscopy. Histological changes not evident in control incubation material were ascribed to the membrane-mediated effects of alloimmune IgG. A role of H-2 in murine odontogenesis is implicated.
The Influence of Carbonate on the Atomic Structure and Reactivity of Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Nelson D.G.A.
Published: January 2017

A series of synthetic carbonated and non-carbonated apatites was investigated using high resolution transmission electron microscopy, and their dissolution behavior was tested under sink conditions, using the rotating disc method. n-Beam lattice images of the apatite samples were of a resolution greater than has been previously reported, and revealed an increase in crystalline disorder with the incorporation of carbonate in the apatite structure. This resulted in an increased rate of dissolution and a decreased activation energy for dissolution for the carbonated apatites. Thus, carbonate increased the reactivity of hydroxyapatite.
Curious, Collaborative, Creativity
Authors: Gilbert Danni
Published: January 2017

This article explores a comprehensive, student-centered alternative to traditional ensemble instruction with the goal of promoting better opportunities for musical independence and lifelong musicianship. Developed by Caron Collins from the Crane School of Music at the State University of New York-Potsdam, the Curious, Collaborative, Creativity (CCC) concept fosters student-centered learning and the promotion of 21st-century skills by encouraging students to select, arrange, and compose the repertoire to be studied; to work together in teams to equally contribute to the learning/understanding of music; and to share their work through informances to engage and enlighten community members. Examples from a current ensemble practicing CCC ideas illustrate the implementation of the model and provide suggestions for music educators.
Exploratory Investigation of Perceptions of Influences on Best-Friend Relationships
Authors: Ashton N. L.
Published: January 2017

24 male and 24 female college undergraduates (aged 18 to 50 yr.) responded to close-ended and open-ended questions concerning a relationship with a male or female best friend. Subjects rated important variables derived from theory and previous attraction-friendship research. There was no evidence for gender differences except that “shared interests” and “stability of relationship” were more important for friendships with a male, and female subjects rated “boost each other's egos” as more important than males did. Physical attractiveness was more important for other-sex relationships than for same sex. Self-generated characteristics suggested important variables not included in social psychological literature.
Lost Letter Returns on Five Topics from Urban, Waterfront, and Smaller Rural Communities
Authors: Bridges F. Stephen , Thompson Paul C. , Willers Margaret H.
Published: January 2017

Of 850 letters “lost” in Florida, 339 (39.9%) were returned in the mail and indicated across 5 addressees, 2 sizes of community, and 2 destinations, community size and addressees’ affiliations were associated with returned responses, but not destinations. These findings seem to indicate that there was no bias in the willingness of people to help some strangers with a mailing address in another Florida county. The similarities of our findings with other measures of public response were discussed.
Effect of Exposure to Photographs of Thin Models on Self-Consciousness in Female College Students
Authors: Wegner Brandy S. , Hartmann Anita M. , Geist C. R.
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this study was to assess the immediate influence of brief exposure to images taken from print media on the general self-consciousness and body self-consciousness of 67 college women. After viewing photographs of either thin female models or control photographs, the women completed the Self-consciousness Scale and the Body Self-consciousness Questionnaire. Although a was .45, the college women who looked at images of thin female models gave immediate ratings significantly ( p < .001) higher on both general Self-consciousness and Body Self-consciousness than those who looked at control images.
Response Rates to Surveys with Self-Addressed, Stamped Envelopes versus a Self-Addressed Label
Authors: Groves Bruce W. , Olsson Roy H.
Published: January 2017

Return rates were studied for a survey on the perceived professional preparation of therapeutic recreation specialists by directors of college and university recreational therapy programs. Specifically, returns for surveys with self-addressed, stamped return envelopes enclosed were compared to those with self-adhering return address labels, Of the 75 surveys sent with a self-addressed, stamped return envelope, 42 responses (56%) were returned at a cost of $2.58 per respondent. Of the 72 surveys sent with a self-adhering return address label 43 responses (59.7%) were returned at a cost of $1,56 per response. While there was no significant difference in return rates, the self-adhering return address label was more cost effective than the self-addressed, stamped, return envelopes.
African Adolescents and Their Teachers: Sex and Rural-Urban Comparisons in Teachers’ Perceived Behaviors
Authors: Mboya Mzobanzi M.
Published: January 2017

This study investigated rural-urban differences in teachers’ perceived behaviors among African adolescent, boys and girls. On the Perceived Teacher Behavior Inventory administered to 354 boys and 530 girls from four rural and urban high schools in South Africa no significant sex differences were found on the subscales of Generalized Support, Positive Expectations, and Participation. Rural boys and girls scored significantly higher, however, than their urban peers on the Generalized Support and Participation.
A Methodological Note on Mail Survey Response Rates
Authors: Lipschultz Jeremy H. , Hilt Michael L. , Mixan Christine R.
Published: January 2017

Five mail surveys of broadcast managers during the 1990s yielded consistently low response rates. Implications for research are discussed.
Judgments about Length, Weight, and width Covariation as a Function of Intelligence and Depth of Processing in Elementary School Children: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Baker Geri , Wilkerson Keith , Mcgahan Joseph , Mccown Bill , Williamson David
Published: January 2017

28 elementary school students were assessed for intelligence, then blindfolded and asked to explore objects manually before rendering judgments about how weight and width were related to length. Exploration time for each object was hypothesized to reflect the level of processing engaged in by the participants. It was also predicted that more intelligent children would produce the most accurate judgments. Inconsistent with the predictions, analysis indicated that children of higher intelligence did not produce the most accurate judgments. However, longer exploration times reflected a tendency to refrain from endorsing a negative correlation between length and width. Depth of processing is, therefore, presumed to aid in reasoning about covariation.