bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concentrating learners’ attention during distance learning with IoT sensors
Authors: Tutkyshbayeva Shyryn , Zakirova Alma
Published: September 2024

Issues related to the use of IoT sensors are becoming more and more relevant in every significant public sphere. Undoubtedly, this includes the educational environment, especially during the distance learning, as during it a lot of new challenges and needs to students and teachers alike have emerged. Therefore, exploring the ways of using IoT sensors for successful implementation of learning activities and its regulation is quite a priority at the moment. Hence, the purpose of this study is to assess the impact of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies on enhancing the quality and effectiveness of distance learning in higher education institutions in Kazakhstan. The methods of this study involved conducting a systematic review of academic databases to identify and analyze peer-reviewed articles on the use of IoT sensors in enhancing student concentration during distance learning. It should be noted that the study was conducted within the framework of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, in particular, educational and professional activities of master’s degree students in Smart City specialty. Hence, the work obtained a set of results, important and priority for the development of educational environment. Accordingly, they are divided into both theoretical and practical aspects. In particular, the theoretical content and properties of such concepts as IoT sensors, pedagogical methods, and student concentration were studied in the paper. As for the practical part, it focuses more on the isolated parts of the general issue under study, in particular, the direct approaches and ways of using IoT sensors in order to enhance students’ concentration, have been established. The practical significance of the conducted research is revealed in the fact that its results can be used both as a scientific source for future research papers and as a methodological material during the development of curricula and programmes.
Linking maladaptive food avoidance and anorexia nervosa symptoms: An analogue study
Authors: Spix Michelle , Jansen Anita
Published: September 2024

Previous research has shown that food avoidance can be learned via classical and operant conditioning. This leads to the question of whether learning deficits could contribute to the harmful food avoidance seen in individuals with anorexia nervosa. Accordingly, we tested whether healthy women with increased levels of anorexia nervosa symptoms and characteristics show learning abnormalities related to the acquisition and extinction of food avoidance behaviors. Data from a previous experiment (Spix, Schutzeichel, et al., 2023) was used and supplemented with new questionnaire data. Based on participants’ levels of anorexia nervosa symptoms and characteristics, we subtyped an analogue and a healthy group and compared their performance on a food avoidance learning task. We assessed the frequency of avoidance responses, as well as relief, frustration, eating desires, fear, and liking for the conditioned stimulus (CS) associated with food intake. The analogue group showed more unnecessary food avoidance behaviors, a greater relief about the omission of the food, and a faster and more persistent reduction in eating desires than the healthy group. There were no differences between groups in frustration, fear, and liking. Learning abnormalities might contribute to the development and maintenance of food avoidance in individuals with anorexia nervosa.
Effectiveness of fish oil in controlling inflammation in adult patients undergoing hemodialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fatima Kaneez , Mahmood Aysal , Sayeed Faiza Zafar , Raza Maryam , Azam Rahima , Waris Nazish , Sattar Muttia Abdul , Rani Teesha , Wahaj Zainab , Kumar Danisha , Siddiqui Simra Nadeem
Published: September 2024

Objective:

Hemodialysis patients with chronic kidney disease often exhibit inflammation characterized by elevated levels of C-reactive protein, Interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and they are shown to be associated with cardiovascular impairment and enhanced renal failure. This study aims to assess the impact of fish oil intake on inflammation indicators in adult hemodialysis patients.

Methods:

From the inception to December 2023, the datasets Cochrane Central, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Embase, and Pubmed were examined. Two authors independently searched, selected, and screened the literature. The pooled results are represented by weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals. To investigate the causes of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis was done. Sensitivity analysis was then used to evaluate the validity of the combined findings.

Results:

Thirteen randomized control trials studies were included. The pooled results showed that fish oil supplementation caused a significant reduction of the C-reactive protein level (WMD, −2.92 mg/L; 95% Confidence interval, −5.23, to −0.61; p = 0.01; I2 = 99%), especially in patients with baseline C-reactive protein ⩾5 mg/L (WMD, −4.39 mg/L; 95% Confidence interval, −5.93 to 2.85; p < 0.00001; I2 = 33%). Subgroup analyses showed that C-reactive protein baseline level (C-reactive protein <5 mg/L) was the main source of heterogeneity. Fish oil intake may not reduce the level of Interleukin 6 (WMD, −2.26; 95% Confidence interval: −19.61 to 15.09; p = 0.80; I2 = 93%), nor will it reduce the level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (random model: WMD, −2.51; 95% Confidence interval: 6.08 to 1.06; p = 0.17; I2 = 98%).

Conclusion:

Hemodialysis patients, especially those with C-reactive protein > 5 mg/L, responded to fish oil supplementation to reduce their C-reactive protein level; however, Interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels did not appear to be affected.
A case report of cardiopulmonary exercise testing and incentive spirometry-guided breathing pattern alteration for a severely tachypnoeic kyphoscoliotic patient undergoing major thoracic surgery for suspected lung malignancy
Authors: Wong Alan Wai-lun , Lam Carmen Ka-man
Published: September 2024

A case report of a severely dyspnoeic kyphoscoliotic patient intended for an elective major thoracic surgery for suspected lung malignancy. With baseline near maximal breathing frequency and shallow breaths and poor lung mechanics, the first encountered anaesthetist considered this patient too high risk for lobectomy. This case illustrated the application of cardiopulmonary exercise testing to provide an objective assessment of the patient’s functional capacity, ventilatory efficiency and delineation of modifiable respiratory components that guide the formulation of individualized prehabilitation programme. It also depicted the perioperative role of an off-label use of incentive spirometry in providing visual feedbacks and led to subsequent assessment breathing pattern alternation. Patient underwent the lung resection uneventfully and returned to normal lifestyle on postoperative day 4.
Fenestrated over-the-needle catheter fracture during thoracocentesis in a cat
Authors: Lemburg Brigid K , Walker Julie M
Published: September 2024

Case summary

A 6-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for recurrent pleural effusion, atrial fibrillation and suspected congestive heart failure. During thoracocentesis, the fenestrated over-the-needle catheter became fractured and a catheter fragment remained in the patient’s left pleural space. Later in the course of treatment, the patient acutely decompensated and was euthanized. There were no immediately observed complications associated with the retained catheter fragment.

Relevance and novel information

To the authors’ knowledge, there are no reports of over-the-needle catheter fractures with retained pleural catheter fragments in veterinary medicine. Similar cases in humans have been successfully managed with and without removal of catheter fragments. In veterinary medicine, the decision to attempt removal of a catheter fragment must consider both the likelihood of related morbidity and the patient’s ability to tolerate an invasive procedure.
Internet-delivered emotional self-management program for the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic: Usability testing
Authors: Semonella Michelle , Marchesi Gloria , Castelnuovo Gianluca , Andersson Gerhard , Pietrabissa Giada
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Internet-based self-help interventions have the potential to help people address their emotional needs at relatively low costs. However, if the system does not offer optimal functions, it could reduce end-user adherence and satisfaction with treatment and compromise the effectiveness of the program. This study evaluated the usability of an Internet-based self-help intervention for emotional self-management among the general population of Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

A balanced sex-age sample of 10 individuals who met the inclusion criteria were consecutively recruited online. The think-aloud testing method, the system usability scale and an ad hoc semi-structured interview were used to determine the overall system usability. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

The participants were mostly satisfied with the usability of the program. However, older users (<45 years) encountered some problems, which took longer, made more mistakes, and needed more help in performing the tasks than their younger counterparts. The analysis of the interviews revealed three central themes: general thoughts about the platform, weaknesses of the platform and difficulties encountered while navigating and completing tasks, and strengths of the platform.

Discussion

Based on the results of this study, important improvements will be made before the RinasciMENTE program is tested under real-world conditions. Conducting usability testing is a crucial step at an early stage of the development process of an Internet-based self-help intervention to identify potential usability problems with the system.
Psychotherapists’ views on open notes: An online survey from Germany
Authors: Schwarz Julian , Neumann Katharina , Meier-Diedrich Eva , Mühlensiepen Felix , Hochwarter Stefan , Blease Charlotte
Published: September 2024

Background

In an increasing number of countries, patients are given online record access (ORA) to their clinical notes (“open notes”). In many places, psychotherapy notes are exempt, even if patients explicitly wish to read them. Previous research suggests that psychotherapists (PTs) have reservations that are not yet fully understood.

Objective

To investigate the attitudes and perceived effects of open notes on psychotherapeutic care, patients, and individual psychotherapeutic practice in Germany.

Methods

Psychological and medical therapists were invited to participate in a national online survey. Sociodemographic characteristics such as gender, age, professional group, and psychotherapeutic school were gathered. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the 51-item survey.

Results

129 PTs completed the survey. Only a small proportion of respondents (30 out of 129, 23.3%) suspected that open notes would improve the efficiency of psychotherapeutic care. On the one hand, participants assumed that patients gain more control over their treatment (59 out of 129, 45.7%) and are better able to remember therapy goals (55 out of 129, 42.6%), although this was considered unlikely to lead to greater engagement in the therapy process (94 out of 129, 72.9%). On the other hand, PTs expected patients to misunderstand their notes, feel offended (98 out of 129, 76.0%), and approach them with questions (107 out of 129, 82.9%) or requests for changes (94 out of 129, 72.9%). The respondents also anticipated being less honest when writing (95 out of 129, 73.6%) and reported they needed more time for documentation (99 out of 129, 76.7%). A meaningful use of open notes for working with relatives was envisaged (101 out of 129, 78.3%).

Conclusion

PTs in Germany tend to have a negative attitude towards patients’ ORA on open notes. Further research on clinical efficacy and feasibility is necessary to demonstrate whether open notes add value in the context of psychotherapy.
Evaluation of the Garmin Vivofit 4 for assessing sleep in youth experiencing sleep disturbances
Authors: Hibbing Paul R , Pilla Madison , Birmingham Lauryn , Byrd Aniya , Ndagijimana Tumusifu , Sadeghi Sara , Seigfreid Nedra , Farr Danielle , Al-Shawwa Baha , Ingram David G , Carlson Jordan A
Published: September 2024

Objective

Wearable monitors are increasingly used to assess sleep. However, validity is unknown for certain monitors and populations. We tested the Garmin Vivofit 4 in a pediatric clinical sample.

Methods

Participants (n = 25) wore the monitor on their nondominant wrist during an overnight polysomnogram. Garmin and polysomnography were compared using 95% equivalence testing, mean absolute error, and Bland-Altman analysis.

Results

On average (mean ± SD), the Garmin predicted later sleep onset (by 0.84 ± 1.60 hours) and earlier sleep offset (by 0.34 ± 0.70 hours) than polysomnography. The resulting difference for total sleep time was −0.55 ± 1.21 hours. Sleep onset latency was higher for Garmin than polysomnography (77.4 ± 100.9 and 22.8 ± 20.0 minutes, respectively), while wake after sleep onset was lower (5.2 ± 9.3 and 43.2 ± 37.9 minutes, respectively). Garmin sleep efficiency averaged 3.3% ± 13.8% lower than polysomnography. Minutes in light sleep and deep sleep (the latter including rapid eye movement) were within ±3.3% of polysomnography (both SDs = 14.9%). No Garmin means were significantly equivalent with polysomnography (adjusted p > 0.99). Mean absolute errors were 0.47 to 0.95 hours for time-based variables (sleep onset, offset, and latency, plus total sleep time and wake after sleep onset), and 8.9% to 21.2% for percentage-based variables (sleep efficiency and sleep staging). Bland-Altman analysis showed systematic bias for wake after sleep onset, but not other variables.

Conclusions

The Vivofit 4 showed consistently poor individual-level validity, while group-level validity was better for some variables (total sleep time and sleep efficiency) than others.
Dental panoramic X-ray image segmentation for multi-feature coordinate position learning
Authors: Ma Tian , Dang Zhenrui , Yang Yizhou , Yang Jiayi , Li Jiahui
Published: September 2024

Objective

To achieve an accurate assessment of orthodontic and restorative treatments, tooth segmentation of dental panoramic X-ray images is a critical preliminary step, however, dental panoramic X-ray images suffer from poorly defined interdental boundaries and low root-to-alveolar bone contrast, which pose significant challenges to tooth segmentation. In this article, we propose a multi-feature coordinate position learning-based tooth image segmentation method for tooth segmentation.

Methods

For better analysis, the input image is randomly flipped horizontally and vertically to enhance the data. Our method extracts multi-scale tooth features from the designed residual omni-dimensional dynamic convolution and the designed two-stream coordinate attention module can further complement the tooth boundary features, and finally the two features are fused to enhance the local details of the features and global contextual information, which achieves the enrichment and optimization of the feature information.

Results

The publicly available adult dental datasets Archive and Dataset and Code were used in the study. The experimental results were 87.96% and 92.04% for IoU, 97.79% and 97.32% for ACC, and 86.42% and 95.64% for Dice.

Conclusion

The experimental results show that the proposed network can be used to assist doctors in quickly viewing tooth positions, and we also validate the effectiveness of the proposed two modules in fusing features.
Development of digital health management systems in longitudinal study: The Malaysian cohort experience
Authors: Abdullah Noraidatulakma , Husin Nurul Faeizah , Goh Ying-Xian , Kamaruddin Mohd Arman , Abdullah Mohd Shaharom , Yusri Aiman Fitri , Kamalul Arifin Azwa Shawani , Jamal Rahman
Published: September 2024

Background

The management of extensive longitudinal data in cohort studies presents significant challenges, particularly in middle-income countries like Malaysia where technological resources may be limited. These challenges include ensuring data integrity, security, and scalability of storage solutions over extended periods.

Objective

This article outlines innovative methods developed and implemented by The Malaysian Cohort project to effectively manage and maintain large-scale databases from project inception through the follow-up phase, ensuring robust data privacy and security.

Methods

We describe the comprehensive strategies employed to develop and sustain the database infrastructure necessary for handling large volumes of data collected during the study. This includes the integration of advanced information management systems and adherence to stringent data security protocols.

Outcomes

Key achievements include the establishment of a scalable database architecture and an effective data privacy framework that together support the dynamic requirements of longitudinal healthcare research. The solutions implemented serve as a model for similar cohort studies in resource-limited settings. The article also explores the broader implications of these methodologies for public health and personalized medicine, addressing both the challenges posed by big data in healthcare and the opportunities it offers for enhancing disease prevention and management strategies.

Conclusion

By sharing these insights, we aim to contribute to the global discourse on improving data management practices in cohort studies and to assist other researchers in overcoming the complexities associated with longitudinal health data.
Combination of machine learning algorithms with natural language processing may increase the probability of bacteremia detection in the emergency department: A retrospective, big-data analysis of 94,482 patients
Authors: Ben-Haim Gal , Yosef Mika , Rowand Eyade , Ben-Yosef Jonathan , Berman Aya , Sina Sigal , Halabi Nitsan , Grossbard Eitan , Marziano Yehonatan , Segal Gad
Published: September 2024

Background

Prompt diagnosis of bacteremia in the emergency department (ED) is of utmost importance. Nevertheless, the average time to first clinical laboratory finding range from 1 to 3 days. Alongside a myriad of scoring systems for occult bacteremia prediction, efforts for applying artificial intelligence (AI) in this realm are still preliminary. In the current study we combined an AI algorithm with a Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithm that would potentially increase the yield extracted from clinical ED data.

Methods

This study involved adult patients who visited our emergency department and at least one blood culture was taken to rule out bacteremia. Using both tabular and free text data, we built an ensemble model that leverages XGBoost for structured data, and logistic regression (LR) on a word-analysis technique called bag-of-words (BOW) Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF), for textual data. All algorithms were designed in order to predict the risk for bacteremia with ED patients whose blood cultures were sent to the laboratory.

Results

The study cohort comprised 94,482 individuals, of whom 52% were males. The prevalence of bacteremia in the entire cohort was 9.7%. The model trained on the tabular data yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 73.7% for XGBoost, while the LR that was trained on the free text achieved an AUC of 71.3%. After checking a range of weights, the best combination was for 55% weight on the XGBoost prediction and 45% weight on the LR prediction. The final model prediction yielded an AUC of 75.6%.

Conclusion

Harnessing artificial intelligence to the task of bacteremia surveillance in the ED settings by a combination of both free text and tabular data analysis improved predictive performance compared to using tabular data alone. We recommend that future AI applications based on our findings should be assimilated into the clinical routines of ED physicians.
Strengthening health monitoring: Intention and adoption of Internet of Things-enabled wearable healthcare devices
Authors: Yang Qing , Al Mamun Abdullah , Wu Mengling , Naznen Farzana
Published: September 2024

Objective

Health self-monitoring technologies are gaining popularity worldwide, but they face low adoption rates in emerging countries. There is a deficiency in studies that have applied the value-belief-norm (VBN) model to understand the adoption of IoT-enabled wearable healthcare devices (WHDs). This study investigates the adoption of IoT-enabled WHDs among older adults in China, using the VBN model as a theoretical framework.

Methods

Using a convenience sampling method and a web-based cross-sectional survey method, we collected data from 476 respondents, which we analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling using Smart PLS version 3.3.5.

Results

The findings highlight the significance of health values and motivation in shaping personal health beliefs, which, in turn, influence personal norms and awareness of consequences. Particularly, awareness of consequences and attributions of responsibility significantly impact personal norms. Personal and social norms, in turn, strongly affect the intention to adopt IoT-enabled WHDs, ultimately driving their actual adoption.

Conclusion

This research contributes novel insights into the behavioral dynamics surrounding the adoption of IoT-enabled WHDs, providing valuable guidance for marketers and policymakers. Marketers can leverage these insights to develop tailored marketing strategies within the IoT-enabled WHD industry. Additionally, policymakers are urged to prioritize campaigns aimed at enhancing awareness and understanding of self-healthcare monitoring, with a focus on promoting the unique health benefits of IoT-enabled WHDs.
Making sense of negotiation and AI: The blossoming of a new collaboration
Authors: Falcão Filho Horacio Arruda
Published: September 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), including the recent appearance of revolutionary large language models (LLMs), marks a transformative era in the field of negotiations, reshaping traditional practices and presenting a range of opportunities and challenges. This article delves into the evolving interplay between negotiation and various AI technologies, as they now combine massive computational power with user-friendly interfaces capable of fluent, multi-topic conversations. The article categorizes AI's role in negotiation into assistance, semi-automation, and automation, each offering unique advantages and addressing different negotiation needs. While AI's ability to compensate for human limitations in rationality, emotion, and computational capacity is promising, it also raises concerns regarding biases, ethical considerations, and the reliability of automated decision-making. The burgeoning AI and negotiation collaboration necessitates a balanced approach, harnessing AI's potential to enhance negotiation outcomes while conscientiously navigating its challenges. This article aims to foster understanding of and influence the future trajectory of negotiation and AI, highlighting the need for ongoing research and development to ensure ethical, effective, and equitable negotiation practices in an AI-augmented future.
A robotic emulator for the systematic exploration of transtibial biarticular prosthesis designs
Authors: Anderson Anthony J , Gauthier Kira A , Varre Mathew Sunil , Nickerson Kimberly A , Muir Brittney C , Aubin Patrick M
Published: September 2024

People with transtibial limb loss frequently experience suboptimal gait outcomes. This is partly attributable to the absence of the biarticular gastrocnemius muscle, which plays a unique role in walking. Although a recent surge of biarticular prostheses aims to restore gastrocnemius function, the broad design space and lack of consensus on optimal hardware and control strategies present scientific and engineering challenges. This study introduces a robotic biarticular prosthesis emulator, comprising a uniarticular ankle-foot prosthesis and knee flexion exoskeleton, each actuated by a custom off-board system. Benchtop experiments were conducted to characterize the emulator’s mechatronic performance. Walking experiments with one transtibial amputee demonstrated the system’s capability to provide knee and ankle assistance. The −3 dB bandwidths for the knee exoskeleton’s torque and motor velocity controllers were measured at approximately 5 Hz and 100 Hz, respectively. A feedforward iterative learning controller reduced the root-mean-squared torque tracking error from 6.04 Nm to 0.99 Nm in hardware-in-the-loop experiments, an 84% improvement. User-preference-based tuning yielded a peak knee torque of approximately 20% of the estimated biological knee moment. This biarticular prosthesis emulator demonstrates significant potential as a versatile research platform that can offer valuable insights for the advancement of lower-limb assistive devices.
Online Disinhibition, Normative Hostility, and Banal Toxicity: Young People’s Negative Online Gaming Conduct
Authors: Meriläinen Mikko , Ruotsalainen Maria
Published: September 2024

In this study, we examine young people’s self-reported negative (“toxic”) online gaming conduct via a qualitative survey ( N = 95) of active game players aged 15–25 in Finland. Drawing from young people’s lived experiences, we present negative gaming conduct as a complex whole, stemming from a combination of online disinhibition, affective intensity, game cultural conduct norms, and individual preferences. We explore online gaming environments as spaces with different technological and communicative affordances. In this study, we demonstrate how not all negative gaming conduct is equal in intent or outcome and introduce the concept of banal toxicity: outwardly hostile but routine conduct that lacks emotional intensity and serves little strategic purpose yet is conducive to an overall social landscape of negativity.
The COVID-19 vaccine on the short-video platform Kwai: A study of the emotions expressed in Brazilian content
Authors: Fernandes-de-Oliveira Geilson , Massarani Luisa , Alves-dos-Santos-Junior Marcelo , Scalfi Graziele , Oliveira Thaiane
Published: September 2024

In this article, we analysed the emotions expressed in response to COVID-19 vaccines on Kwai, a Chinese social-media platform launched in Brazil in 2019. Our corpus comprised 355 videos published between 2020 and 2022 and collected through a Python script. The emotions were identified and classified based on the emotion descriptors of the Human–Machine Interaction Network on Emotion for Emotion Annotation and Representation Language; an analysis of the levels of emotional valence and arousal was based on the core affect model. Considering the diversity of video content, we classified the posts according to their approach in order to identify those that expressed emotion, based on their predominant characteristic (personal, informative, infotainment, humorous or advertising). As a result, we observed that just over half of the emotions expressed in relation to the total set of data were positive. This positive attitude was emphasized when the vaccines were taken as the main topic mobilizing emotions. Expressions of contentment and trust stood out, especially among posts with a personal approach and advertising content. Among the negative emotions, disapproval and doubt stood out, mobilized by topics in relation to the vaccines and other contextual elements, especially in videos with a humorous, informative or infotainment approach.
Myocardial Infarction in a Seven-Year-Old Girl With Left Atrial Myxoma
Authors: Ganta Srujan , Strah Danielle , Ellington Natalie , Mueller Dana , Nigro John J. , Grossfeld Paul
Published: September 2024

Left atrial (LA) myxomas are benign neoplasms that are rare in children. Their presentation is dependent on size and location. We describe a seven-year-old girl who was admitted with chest pain, upper respiratory symptoms, and persistent troponin elevation with suspected myocarditis. Workup revealed an infarction from a LA myxoma which embolized to her right coronary artery–posterior lateral branch (PLB). She underwent prompt successful surgical excision of the myxoma. We elected not to perform a coronary artery embolectomy and her infarction was managed medically. We describe this unique clinical scenario and the decision-making process leading to a successful outcome.
The Implementation of Universal Mental Health Screening in an Early College High School Program
Authors: Bendit Arielle , Mariani Melissa
Published: September 2024

Meeting the needs of gifted students is particularly challenging for school counselors. This practitioner action research study examined the effectiveness of implementing complete universal mental health screening with early college high school students. Using a complete mental health approach, we classified students into need-based groups. The groups were then aligned with the school’s multitiered system of supports (MTSS) and results identified 64 students (20.1%) as needing services beyond Tier 1. The correlational analysis demonstrated a strong negative correlation between social/emotional well-being and internalizing psychopathology ( r = −.579, p < .05). These findings further support the gifted population’s need for tailored identification and can be used to support the expansion of targeted school counseling services, because this group often is overlooked due to their high functioning in certain areas.
Digital Entrepreneurial Orientation and Green Innovation in the VUCA Era: The Impact of Cross-organizational Improvisation and Social Ties
Authors: Ying Guo
Published: September 2024

Although research acknowledges the role of digital entrepreneurship in driving corporate innovation, digital entrepreneurial orientation (DEO) remains limitedly explored. Based on resource-based view (RBV) and social network theory (SNT), we developed a model to examine the role of cross-organizational improvisation (COI) and social ties (specifically, business and political ties) in the relationship between DEO and green innovation (GI). Survey data from 217 start-ups support the findings that (a) DEO positively influences green innovation, (b) COI mediates the link between DEO and GI, and (c) business ties (BT) moderate the relationship between DEO and GI; however, the role of political ties (PT) requires further investigation. This study not only contributes to the research on digital entrepreneurship and green innovation, but also enhances our understanding of the path from digital strategy to GI. The insights gained hold significant value for managers seeking to leverage a digital entrepreneurship orientation to foster GI.
Development and Validation of the Family Involvement in Graduate School (FIGS) Measure
Authors: Nathans Laura , Mogbojuri Oluwatobi , Addai Emmanuel , Walsh Bridget , Aguirre Matthew , Lucero Julie , Hambrick Keira
Published: September 2024

This study involved development and validation of the Family Involvement in Graduate School measure, the first instrument to measure involvement of family in graduate students’ educational process. The measure was originally designed with six subscales. It was developed based on Hoover-Dempsey et al.’s model of parent involvement. Feedback on the measure was given by expert reviewers to refine the measure. The measure was validated with exploratory factor analysis of a sample of 150 family members of graduate students. Data was collected from family members of (a) a program for underprivileged graduate students and (b) graduate students enrolled in two large Western universities. A five-factor solution was supported by the Exploratory Factor Analysis, which was shown to be a good fit with SRMR fit statistics. Future research should validate the measure in other geographic locations and with a more diverse sample.
Association of Leisure Activities with Sleep Duration and Quality in Chinese Older Adults
Authors: Liu Nan , Zhang Hongjun , Zhao Xiaoguang , Wang Jin
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to investigate the association between leisure activities and sleep among older adults, using data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). The data in this study were from the CLHLS in 2018. Seven activities including outdoor activities, gardening work, reading newspapers or books, raising domestic animals or pets, playing cards or mahjong, watching TV or listening to the radio, and participating in social activities were collected to reflect leisure activities. Subjective sleep quality was classified as normal and poor and sleep time is divided into short sleep duration, normal sleep duration, and long sleep duration by self-report of older people. Logistic regression analyses were employed to test the association between specific leisure activities and sleep. Older adults who usually participated in leisure activities had a lower rate of poor subjective sleep quality and long sleep duration than those who never participated in leisure activities, and no significant differences were found in the short sleep duration group. Compared with older adults who participated in no leisure activity, those who participated in one or more leisure activities had a lower rate of long sleep duration. The findings provide evidence that the greater frequency and number of participations in leisure activities are associated with a lower rate of poor subjective sleep quality and long sleep duration among Chinese older adults. Encouraging older people to participate frequently in a larger number of leisure activities could improve the sleep conditions of older adults.
Can Savoring Effectively Leverage Instructional Design Imagination? The Mediating Roles of Resilience and Inspiration Through Action
Authors: Chang Shu-Hsuan , Lin I-Cheng , Lin Yu-Hsin , Wang Chih-Lien
Published: September 2024

This research attempted to explore, based on the broaden–and–build theory of positive emotions, the relationships among high school teachers’ savoring and instructional design imagination, and to verify the mediating effects of resilience and inspiration through action on the aforementioned relationships. Data were collected from 497 high school teachers in Taiwan. PLS-SEM was used to validate the research hypotheses. The results show that: (a) Savoring positively influences instructional design imagination; (b) Resilience has a complementary mediation effect on the relationship between savoring and instructional design imagination; (c) Inspiration through action has a complementary mediation effect on the relationship between savoring and instructional design imagination. Accordingly, this study bears important theoretical and practical implications for the professional development of teachers’ instructional design imagination.
Burnout and Migration of Ukrainian University Academic Staff During the War
Authors: Tsybuliak Natalia , Lopatina Hanna , Shevchenko Liudmyla , Popova Anastasia , Suchikova Yana
Published: September 2024

This study examines the impact of migration processes on burnout among Ukrainian university academic staff during the full-scale war. A survey involving 836 participants from 164 higher education institutions revealed that 37% of respondents became forced migrants, either internally (24%) or externally (13%). Significant connections were found between forced migration and burnout among academic staff, with noticeable distinctions between external migrants, internal migrants, and non-migrants. Academic staff who were forced to migrate displayed higher levels of emotional exhaustion compared to non-migrant counterparts. External migrants experienced energy depletion, while internal migrants reported reduced professional accomplishment. Inadequate pay, social security instability, increased professional activity, insufficient state support, anxiety, constant stress, and concern for their country, city, and university were common factors contributing to burnout among all groups. External migrants faced challenges with social protection, team relations, and workload. Internal migrants encountered difficulties in rebuilding professional activities and experienced a heightened sense of danger, particularly for those living in temporarily occupied territories. The findings highlight the necessity for targeted support strategies to address the unique needs of academic staff during conflict and migration, promoting their mental health and resilience at the policymaker and university administrator levels during times of crisis by implementing support strategies and programs to help them cope with the challenges of migration and promote overall job satisfaction for quality education of the next generation of citizens.
Perceived Usefulness of Robotic Technology for Patient Fall Prevention
Authors: Logsdon M. Cynthia , Kondaurova Irina , Zhang Nancy , Das Sumit , Edwards Bryan D. , Mitchell Heather , Nasroui Olfa , Erdmann Marjorie , Yu Hyejin , Alqatamin Moath , Ardakani Payman Sharafian , Wuensch Emmaline , Popa Dan O.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Technology has the potential to prevent patient falls in healthcare settings and to reduce work-related injuries among healthcare providers. However, the usefulness and acceptability of each technology requires careful evaluation. Framed by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and using the Adaptive Robotic Nursing Assistant (ARNA) to assist with patient ambulation, the present study examined the perceived usefulness of robots in patients’ fall prevention with implications for preventing associated work-related injuries among healthcare providers.

Methods:

Employing an experimental design, subjects were undergraduate nursing students ( N = 38) and one external subject (not a nursing student) who played the role of the patient. Procedures included subjects ambulating a simulated patient in three ways: (a) following the practice of a nurse assisting a patient to walk with the patient wearing a gait belt; (b) an ARNA-assisted process with the gait belt attached to ARNA; (c) an ARNA-assisted process with a subject walking a patient wearing a harness that is attached to ARNA. Block randomization was used with the following experimental scenarios: Gait Belt (human with a gait belt), “ARNA + Gait Belt” (a robot with a gait belt), and “ARNA + Harness” (a robot with a harness). Descriptive statistics and a multiple regression model were used to analyze the data and compare the outcome described as the Perceived Usefulness (PU) of a robot for patient walking versus a human “nurse assistant” without a robot. The independent variables included the experimental conditions of “Gait Belt,” “ARNA + Gait Belt,” and “ARNA + Harness,” the subject’s age, race, and previous videogame playing experience.

Findings:

Results indicated that PU was significantly higher in the Gait Belt + ARNA and Harness + ARNA conditions than in the Gait Belt condition ( p-value <.01 for both variables). In examining potential influencing factors, the effects of race (White, African American, and Asian), age, and previous video-playing experience were not statistically significant ( p-value >.05).

Discussion:

Results demonstrated that using robot technology to assist in walking patients was perceived by subjects as more useful in preventing falls than the gait belt. Patient fall prevention also has implications for preventing associated work-related injuries among healthcare providers.

Implications:

Understanding the effects of a subject’s perceptions can guide further development of assistive robots in patient care. Robotic engineers and interdisciplinary teams can design robots to accommodate worker characteristics and individual differences to improve worker safety and reduce work injuries.
A Theory-Guided Qualitative Exploration of Occupational Influences on Firefighters’ Dietary Behaviors
Authors: Horton Dias Cynthia , Catledge Courtney , Dawson Robin M.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Firefighters face many inherent occupational health hazards and increased risk for several cancers, making peak health essential. However, cardiac events and stroke continue as leading causes of on-duty deaths. Healthy diets promote prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancers. While some dietary interventions have been undertaken, sustained improvements have not been observed. Understanding firefighters’ occupational influences on dietary behavior is vital for implementation of effective interventions to improve nutrition.

Methods:

The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) guided this qualitative study. Nine focus groups of firefighters who work 24-hour shifts and one interview with a fire administrator ( N = 34) were conducted in 2018 across South Carolina, United States.

Findings:

Predominant TDF domains of influence for workplace dietary behaviors included social/professional role and identity; social influences; environmental context and resources; knowledge; beliefs about consequences; memory, attention, and decision processes; and emotion. Four emergent themes mapped to TDF domains: “We are family”: Firefighters feel a strong identity in their work and with peers; “If you are a firefighter, you’ve got a second job”: Firefighters experience many limitations in personal and workplace resources; “That kills us”: Firefighters were knowledgeable about most all occupational health and safety risks except dietary risks; and “You’re tired, wore out”: Occupational stress influenced nutritional choice making.

Conclusions:

Firefighters experience many barriers to healthy eating while at work due to unique occupational influences. The findings from this study highlighted specific behavioral domains and barriers to be intervened upon that may increase the likelihood of long-term adoption of healthier dietary practices by firefighters.
Historical Perspectives on the Evolution of Spino-Pelvic Fixation and its Implications on Clinical Care A Narrative Review
Authors: von Glinski Alexander , Yilmaz Emre , Godolias Periklis , Benneker Lorin , Oner F. C. , Kandziora Frank , Schroeder Gregory , Schnake Klaus , Dvorak Marcel , Rajasekaran Shanmuganathan , El-Sharkawi Mohammad , Vaccaro Alexander , Bransford Richard , Schildhauer Thomas A. , Chapman Jens R.
Published: September 2024

Study Design

Broad narrative review.

Objectives

To review and summarize the evolution of spinopelvic fixation (SPF) and its implications on clinical care.

Methods

A thorough review of peer-reviewed literature was performed on the historical evolution of sacropelvic fixation techniques and their respective advantages and disadvantages.

Results

The sacropelvic junction has been a long-standing challenge due to a combination of anatomic idiosyncrasies and very high biomechanical forces. While first approaches of fusion were determinated by many material and surgical technique-related limitations, the modern idea of stabilization of the lumbosacral junction was largely initiated by the inclusion of the ilium into lumbosacral fusion. While there is a wide spectrum of indications for SPF the chosen technique remains is defined by the individual pathology and surgeons’ preference.

Conclusion

By a constant evolution of both instrumentation hardware and surgical technique better fusion rates paired with improved clinical results could be achieved.
Dynamic tightrope fixation for the correction of the 1,2 intermetatarsal angle in hallux valgus surgery
Authors: Ling Samuel Ka-Kin , Lai Jojo Hoi-Ching , Chow Esther Man-Wai , Liyeung Lucci Lugee , Woo Arthur On-Fai , Yung Patrick Shu-Hang
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Hallux valgus is a common foot deformity that causes forefoot widening, difficulty fitting shoes, bunion pain, and transfer metatarsalgia. Studies have shown that correcting the 1,2 intermetatarsal angle (IMA) can significantly reduce forefoot width and improve symptoms. This study aims to review the radiological and functional outcomes of hallux valgus reconstruction with IMA closure using mini-tightrope suture buttons.

Methods

A case series of 52 consecutive patients who underwent minimally invasive surgical reconstruction of hallux valgus deformity utilising the dynamic tightrope fixation was included. All patients had >1 year follow-up with interim assessments at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. Primary outcomes included IMA in weight-bearing feet X-rays, and secondary outcomes included the hallux valgus angle (HVA) and clinical function via the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score.

Results

Based on radiological analysis, the 1,2 IMA and the HVA significantly improved. Clinical function also showed significant improvement in symptoms, pain, activities of daily living, and quality of life subsection. No major intra-operative complications occurred in this series; however, ∼5% of the patients required revision surgery due to a recurrence of the hallux valgus or overcorrection into hallux varus.

Conclusion

Dynamic tightrope fixation is a simple surgical technique that effectively corrects the 1,2 IMA during hallux valgus surgery.
Early experience using vacuum-assisted closure for managing soft tissue injuries in open type IIIB tibial fractures, a non-randomised controlled trial from a North African level one trauma centre
Authors: Hakim Albair Malaka , Khalifa Ahmed A , Abubeih Hossam , El-Gafary Kamal A , Farouk Osama
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The primary objective was to investigate our early results of using vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) for wound management in patients with open IIIB tibial fractures and compare the results with a group subjected to conventional daily dressing. Methods: A prospective non-randomised clinical trial (NRCT) with a parallel design and allocation ratio of 1:1 was conducted after obtaining ethical committee approval. Forty skeletally mature patients with unilateral type IIIB open tibia fractures were included over two years, starting from April 2019. In group A, patients were treated with VAC, which was changed every four days if needed, and in group B, patients had daily conventional dressings. Results: Both groups had no differences in the basic demographic, comorbidities, injury mechanism, and associated injuries. The need for secondary debridement surgeries was significantly lower in Group A than in Group B, 1 ± 0.50 versus 2.50 ± 0.85, respectively ( P < 0.001). The time till definitive coverage was significantly lower in Group A than in Group B, 12.22 ± 2.90 versus 23.56 ± 8.68 (days); P < 0.001. All coverage procedures succeeded in Group A, while four (20%) failed in Group B, P = 0.04. Infection was higher in Group B, with six (30%) patients compared to one (5%) in Group A, P = 0.01. Conclusion: Reports on VAC's role in managing severe open fracture wounds are rare in our area, and the initial results we obtained are encouraging, with lower infection rates and less cumbersome reconstruction procedures; however, further evaluation of the procedure's cost-effectiveness is mandatory.