bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los bienes baldíos en Colombia y las “terras devolutas” en Brasil. Estudio comparado sobre el derecho a la propiedad
Authors: García López Luisa Fernanda , Mora Gamboa Juan Fernando Gabriel
Published: April 2021

Este ensayo pretende hacer una comparación entre Colombia y Brasil sobre el derecho a la propiedad y el  término bien baldío. Como lo desarrollaremos a lo largo de este texto, no existe una definición unívoca en Colombia del bien baldío, lo que ha generado una alta inseguridad jurídica a través de pronunciamientos dispersos de la jurisprudencia de las altas cortes. En el Brasil, el equivalente alude a las tierras devolutas como imprescriptibles e inalienables, y aunque no exista  antecedente de un registro de dominio, se presume la propiedad privada o como tierra de nadie en los términos del Código Civil de 2002. En ese sentido, los particulares pueden adquirir por prescripción la tierra que posean pues el bien no será considerado como devoluto sino pasible de dominio. En Colombia, el acceso equitativo a la tierra por parte de los trabajadores agrarios en los términos del artículo 64 de la Constitución, cuenta con una interpretación relativa, en la medida en que los bienes rurales explotados económicamente, pero sin antecedente registral como baldíos, desconoce la presunción de propiedad privada. Con ello, se está afectando el derecho fundamental al debido proceso por el juez. Esta interpretación jurisprudencial genera un gran vacío jurídico, atentando contra la seguridad jurídica y la confianza legítima propias de Estado de Derecho.
La defensa jurídica pública en Colombia: un importante camino recorrido, un largo camino por recorrer
Authors: Peláez Gutierrez Juan Carlos
Published: April 2021

En el marco del balance y perspectivas de la Defensa Jurídica Pública en Colombia, debemos preguntarnos sí El Estado Colombiano ha enfrentado adecuadamente el problema generado por las múltiples condenas de que ha sido objeto y por los numerosos y onerosos asuntos litigiosos en curso. La respuesta es inequívoca. La Defensa Jurídica Pública en Colombia presenta, sin lugar a duda, unos avances importantes. Sin embargo, estos avances, insuficientes e incluso en algunos casos contraproducentes, muestran un largo camino por recorrer.
Entramados cartográficos de las memorias familiares del semillero Incandescencias
Authors: Ramos David , Díaz Wendy , Benítez Sharon , Solano Laura , Muñoz Laura Camila
Published: April 2021

En este artículo se pretende dar cuenta del proceso de creación y reflexión alrededor de la “Cartografía de las memorias familiares”, realizada durante el año 2018 por el semillero de investigación en Arte y Memoria “Incandescencias: del recuerdo a la Creación”, el cual se encuentra adscrito a la Licenciatura en Artes Visuales de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional. A lo largo del texto, se narran algunos de los hallazgos encontrados en torno a unos vehículos que articulan las memorias, unos silencios que dialogan con los olvidos y las ausencias, unos recuerdos que muestran un entramado de la memoria y unas herencias que devienen de los procesos de transmisión generacional. Estas reflexiones parten de la necesidad de una aproximación a las memorias familiares desde el lugar de ese otro que dialoga con su pasado, lo cuestiona y resignifica en función del futuro.
Competencia para practicar pruebas en el proceso disciplinario en Colombia: un controvertido debate sin concluir
Authors: Ortiz Calderón Martha Lucía
Published: April 2021

El título que ilustra el encabezamiento de este escrito involucra en un debate inacabado por la doctrina y la jurisprudencia colombiana, lo anterior en el sentido de no haber materializado en el ordenamiento jurídico la posibilidad de comisionar a un agente vinculado al Estado en condición de contratista para que adelante y formalice la práctica de pruebas en un proceso disciplinario. Se afirma que esta discusión es inconclusa porque, en un intento de no someter este procedimiento solo a servidores públicos con claras y precisas funciones en el marco de sus relaciones especiales de sujeción, la función pública ha involucrado a los contratistas sin tener en cuenta que por sí misma esta actividad está vedada para personas que no tengan vínculo legal y reglamentario. El presente artículo aborda las diferentes posiciones y la disparidad decriterio que existe al aplicar la norma, generando inseguridad jurídica al investigado.
Diccionario de la memoria colectiva
Authors: Hernández Mauricio
Published: April 2021

El diccionario de la memoria colectiva ha supuesto una labor científica de alto nivel en el estudio de las relaciones entre memoria y sociedad. En eset diccionario, diferentes investigadores presentan conceptos fundamentales en el estudio de la acción colectiva
Memorias de un confinamiento: acercamiento a las vivencias del Covid-19 en Colombia
Authors: Ciudad Pazando Revista
Published: April 2021

Esta segunda mitad del año 2020 no ha dejado a nadie en el mundo impávido, ya no solo debido a la emergencia sanitaria global a causa del Sars-CoV-19, sino que conforme los humanos ha ido afianzando su normalidad a las nuevas y cambiantes medidas de higiene y distanciamiento social para prevenir la propagación del virus, se han sumado paulatinamente diversos tipos de eventos y situaciones de carácter político, cultural y social que recuerdan que la Covid-19 no es el único factor por el cual se debe estar atento hoy por hoy.
justicia como experiencia vital y la verdad como un bien público.
Authors: Hernández Cubides Jairo Andrés , Díaz Mesa Jefferson Arley
Published: April 2021

La justicia y la verdad se convertido con los años, después de la firma del Acuerdo de Paz con las entonces FARC-EP, en unos de los pilares sobre los cuales descansa el análisis académico acerca de Colombia y su realidad actual. Sin embargo, a pesar de la amplia cobertura investigativa sobre el tema y la difusión nacional respecto a los proyectos nacionales desplegados en favor de materializar el tránsito a la paz, aún hoy existen diversas dudas sobre la naturaleza del Acuerdo y de algunos de los organismos estatales encargados de dar cumplimiento a lo que allí se estipuló. Por ello, en este número de Ciudad Pazando, se presenta la transcripción de la entrevista realizada a Diana Britto, hoy directora de Conocimiento de la Comisión de la Verdad, quien a través de los últimos años se ha venido convirtiendo en una de las figuras más sobresalientes del país en el tema de la Justicia Restaurativa, un elemento que, como se evidencia más adelante, hace parte fundamental de la consecución de las metas nacionales de paz y reconciliación.
Desarrollando país: las acciones cívico-militares por parte de las Fuerzas Militares de Colombia 1962-1978
Authors: Cimadevilla Acevedo Jaime Alberto
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar y reflexionar sobre los contextos económicos y sociales de los años sesenta en Colombia que llevaron a la formulación de las acciones cívico-militares como una estrategia de las Fuerzas Militares, especialmente de la línea desarrollista, quienes las diseñaron y aplicaron en el territorio nacional. La finalidad de esta estra­tegia fue recuperar la credibilidad institucional ante los ojos de la pobla­ción y mitigar los orígenes de la violencia. No obstante, no fue suficiente para solucionar los problemas de fondo de la sociedad colombiana ya que las otras instituciones no estaban interesadas o coordinadas con esta estrategia. Aun así, se convirtieron en una estrategia desarrollista y pionera para abordar los desafíos sociales y económicos de distintas comunidades en todo el país.
Role of Social Interactions during Digital Game-based Learning in Science Education: A Systematic Review
Authors: Low Pey-Yng
Published: April 2021

Digital games have been used for teaching science subjects; however, merely playing games does not guarantee that learning will take place. Educators need to scaffold the gameplay experience and integrate other instructional methods into the process to enhance and ensure learning. Social constructivism is one such approach. Although there are a number of studies on game-based learning, they focus more on the effectiveness of learning or the classification of learning outcomes rather than the mode of social interactions in game-based learning. A systematic review was carried out to identify the different modes of social interactions and their impact on digital game-based learning in science education. Five modes of social interactions were identified; face-to-face conversation between students, group discussion, online/virtual collaboration, teacher-facilitated classroom discussion and answering of questions by teachers. Social interactions enhanced learning through collaborative sense making, promoting learner motivation, enabling scientific reasoning and providing instructional support. These form a basis for educators to design productive social interactions for digital game-based learning in science education.
Supporting the transition to online teaching through evidence-based professional development
Authors: Taylor Darci , Elliott Joanne
Published: April 2021

Professional development (PD) is essential to support teachers to transition to online teaching, yet there are few evidence-based guidelines to assist those designing PD to determine both its content and structure. This paper provides an example of the design of an evidence-based PD resource that drew on Kilgour et al.’s (2019) threshold concepts, Northcote et al.’s (2019) pedagogical guidelines for PD and various institutional inputs as a form of evidence. By combining these sets of evidence, the resource was designed to support teachers to develop skills for online teaching that was both evidence-based, and tailored to the educational context and needs of staff. The paper adds to the literature by providing those developing PD with an example of how institutional inputs can be combined with scholarly research to develop an evidence-based PD program that was readily adaptable to support staff teaching online during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Rapid response to supporting learning and teaching: A whole of university approach
Authors: Campbell Chris , Poulsen Simone
Published: April 2021

One university responded rapidly to the changing landscape of higher education to support staff during this time. There are seven support mechanisms that have been put into place across the university to assist staff. Results show data that reports on these mechanisms and that they are seemingly successful, except for the Support Line which has since been reconfigured to still provide support for the small number accessing it. The results also show that a rapid response, if targeted, is able to provide just in time support and training to staff when moving rapidly online. Through the use of the online engagement framework it can be seen that by supporting staff through the seven mechanisms, staff are in a better place to ensure that students are engaged while learning online.
Social pedagogues as migrants companions in socio-cultural adaptation, integration and inclusion
Authors: Pietrusińska Marta
Published: April 2021

Increased migration to Poland and at the same time an increase in anti-immigrant attitudes cause that social pedagoguesface a new challenge related to the integration andinclusion of migrants. In the article I focus on a transformation of social pedagogues roles due to the mentioned above social changes and new challenges – the discourse the introduces symbolic violence, learned helplessness and lack of agency of migrants, and the insufficient number of social pedagogues with intercultural and andragogicalcompetence. Based on these difficulties faced by social pedagogues I describe what could be their role in the process of integration of migrants and the host society.
Horyzontalna i wertykalna postać „indywidualizmu – kolektywizmu” a wartości
Authors: Czerniawska Mirosława
Published: April 2021

The presented study compares a link between two constructs: “individualism – collectivism” and values. The first construct takes into consideration horizontal and vertical orientation (equality and hierarchy respectively) (Triandis). The description of the second construct accounts for nineteen types of values located on two bipolar dimensions: “conservatism – openness to change” and “self-transcendence – self-enhancement” (Schwartz). The question about the relation between types of values and described horizontal and vertical orientations of individualism and collectivism is posed. The sample consists of 368 students. The results show that the differentiation of mentality on the “individualism – collectivism” dimension with its horizontal and vertical orientation is linked to the differentiation of types of values on the “conservatism – openness to change”. After accounting for horizontal “individualism – collectivism” and vertical “individualism – collectivism” and their relation to the second dimension of type of values (self-transcendence – self- enhancement) the results are not consistent.
The need for local communities’ involvement in the future of real cultural heritage
Authors: Ćwik Aleksandra
Published: April 2021

The discussion about cultural heritage versus development has been touched upon in many publications, and the role of cultural heritage is being deployed increasingly into transforming mere development efforts into efforts for sustainable development. By analysing recent literature which indicates the need for facilitation of cooperation between authorities and local communities, the theory of ownership and value of cultural heritage, and the close relationship between heritage protection and sustainable development, the article aims to discuss the role of the local community in managing monuments. The most relevant conclusions include the link between the protection of cultural heritage and the improvement of the quality of life of residents, their sense of identity and more durable bonds with the place of residence and the strife toward the achievement of local, sustainable development goals.
Budowanie wspólnoty zadaniem edukacyjnym
Authors: Segiet Waldemar
Published: April 2021

Along with the description of contemporary societies, including the indication of clear tendencies towards „individualisation” of lifespan, focusing on subjects that observe themselves with reflection, an issue appears regarding the creation of a community, including the educational one. A peculiar outline of the reflexive modernity is recognised on the basis the ways how individuals achieve social integration.Des pite the differentiating forms of social and cultural life, the foundation of the accomplishment of self and the society, is still „community”, which constitutes an encouragement to enter the issue of social (dis)integration, an inspiration allowing to bestow a defined sense on democracy, and socialization processes. Therefore, the need to consider the issues of communities arises, including their confirmation in education. To present a path for social integration, with the full awareness that in modern societies the „common good” ideal is being lost, one should be accompanied by indications regarding education itself. One may reduce them to how the community constituted due to and within education, ensured the integration of all entities concerned, and helped accomplish democracy.
The pretence in education of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities
Authors: Kopeć Danuta
Published: April 2021

The phenomenon of pretence in the Polish educational system of the person with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) will be analized in the context of sociological concept of pretence by Jan Lutynski (1990). The subject of the study was the educational reality of the person with PIMD. Two main questions were formulated. What is the educational reality of the person with PIMD in the micro- and macrosystem context? What is happening in this educational reality? The study was conducted in interpretative paradigm based on quantitative research model using instrumental group case study. The subjects of the study were the people with PIMD (15) and school staff (57). During the study participant observertion, quantitaive deepened interview were used. The symptoms of pretence in education of the person with PIMD on the nmacrosystem level were visible in the form of inconsistencies in the legal acts regulating the course of education. On the microsystem level the manifestation of the pretence was the phenomenon of the “empty minutes” (i.e. time at school not used for the benefit of the person’s development). The results of the study on the macrosystem level suggest lack of the transparency of the legal acts. On the microsystem level the need of developing applicable standards in education of the people with PIMD.
Język polski jako element tożsamości (na przykładzie wypowiedzi Polaków i Rosjan z obwodu kaliningradzkiego)
Authors: Kuszak Kinga , Sadowska Katarzyna
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the issue of Polish language as an element of identity of Poles and Russians living in Kaliningrad. The authors, during a visit to the University of Immanuel Kant, had the opportunity to do interviews with Poles and Russians living in Kaliningrad, for whom Polishis an  important element of identity. The authors divided the respondents into two groups for whom Polish is an element of inherited identity and for whom Polish is an element of identity acquired in the education process. These analyzes precede reflections on the specifics and history ofKaliningr ad and the kaliningrad district.
Polish language as an element of identity (on the example of statements by Poles and Russians from Kaliningrad Oblast)12
Authors: Kuszak Kinga , Sadowska Katarzyna
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the issue of Polish language as an element of identity of Poles and Russians living in Kaliningrad. The authors, during a visit to the University of Immanuel Kant, had the opportunity to do interviews with Poles and Russians living in Kaliningrad, for whom Polishis an  important element of identity. The authors divided the respondents into two groups for whom Polish is an element of inherited identity and for whom Polish is an element of identity acquired in the education process. These analyzes precede reflections on the specifics and history ofKaliningr ad and the kaliningrad district.
‘Empowerment in Practice and Its Impact on Political Participation’: A Study Among Working Women of South Kolkata
Authors: Chatterjee Anasua
Published: April 2021

The main purpose of the present study is to understand ‘empowerment’ as observed in theory and in actual practice in the society where women are still regarded as second-class citizens inspite of achieving success in their chosen fields. Her freedom in choice of decision-making within the family and civil society plays an important part in influencing her participation in politics and her voting behaviour. By political activism of the respondent we primarily mean her cognitive orientation (i.e. her knowledge about political parties, symbols, their stay in power and their judgements about political system), evaluative orientation on how political system works including her voting behaviour and partisan preference. Survey was carried by the researcher on 1000 women working in both the organised and unorganised sectors of the economy mainly among street vendors and domestic workers and bank employees and teachers in Kolkata. Results: Women working in both the sectors play dual role looking after their children, elders in the family, husbands and also contribute to the  expenditure but lack effective power in decision-making. They consult their husbands, elder members of the family or the community before casting their vote and are notguided by individual preference or choice.
Political choices during the European Parliament elections as a model for civic responsibility of young people in Poland – the context of formal education
Authors: Kanclerz Bożena
Published: April 2021

The main axis of the narration in this article is the analysis of the electoral activity of young Poles from the perspective of the formal program of Citizenship Education in the area of shaping the attitudes of young people as active voters. The first part of the article presents the context of Polish civil society and the electoral activity of young Poles. The Author connects the analyses of youth electoral patterns to with the assessment of effectiveness of formal education, including textbook messages, in shaping and developing civic engagement in youth. The article presents the analysis of textbooks for civic education, as well as indicates some non-textual contexts for implementing civic education in Poland. The analysis of citizenship education textbooks becomes an opportunity to approximate multi-faceted challenge of shaping civil attitudes among young people in Poland.
Dzieciństwo w Maroku
Authors: Johnsson Ewa
Published: April 2021

This paper is devoted to outlining the child’s situation in the Moroccan socio-cultural reality through the prism of its marginalization. Various factors such as cultural and religious conditions, the family – its structure and economic status, legislative solutions – Family Code Mudawwana, marriage institution, lack of official status, migration, employment, health care and access to education combine to create a map of influences causing specific consequences in the family, in biographies of mothers and finally their children. The purpose of this paper is to produce this map of the problems of today’s Morocco and to make the reader aware of the tragedy and enormity of powerlessness experienced by marginalized, excluded and invisible children. The analysis was based on studies, the latest thematic reports as well as press reports, excerpts of literary texts reflecting the reality of Morocco, or online publications of non-governmental organizations.
The Last Educational Change in Finland – its Dimensions and Multiliteracy Teaching
Authors: Suwalska Arleta
Published: April 2021

This article reveals the educational change in Finland in the context of multiliteracy. Multiliteracy is one of the seven transversal competences introduced by the Finnish basic education curriculum reform between the years 2012 and 2016. School multiliteracy is developed through cross-subject studies with the usage of particular language. There are involved various texts during teaching to prepare well-educated global citizens who are able to to overcome obstacles of the contemporary world and to follow the global changes in a job market. Multiliteracy helps prepare a global citizen with the skills of global lingua franca.
Polsko-litewskie dziedzictwo kulturowe – różnice w świadomości społecznej. Perspektywy zbliżenia dzięki wspólnym bohaterom narodowym na przykładzie Michała Kleofasa Ogińskiego
Authors: Gumper Małgorzata
Published: April 2021

The uncomfortable situation of Poles in Lithuania is, among other things, the effect of Lithuanian historical education. Excerpts from the textbook on the history of Lithuania show diametrical differences in contemporary ideas about the past of both nations. Shared heroes are useful to overcome prejudices of the previous century (which affect the image of 1385-1795). One of them is Michał Kleofas Ogiński, Lithuanian nobleman, a political activist during the last years of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and two decades after its collapse. He has the rank of a great national hero in Lithuania and Belarus but is valued in Poland above all because of his piano compositions. The analysis of fragments of his work Memoirs about Poland and Poles helps us to regard a representative of the noble nation from a different perspective. It makes us aware of the cohesion of Polish and Lithuanian national identity at the turn of the 19th century, helps us to appreciate the heritage of the past and offers a chance to build positive relations between us. Rectifying a distorted vision of history is a prospect for a mature partnership now and in the future.
Wykorzystanie gier komputerowych z czujnikiem ruchu typu Kinect w ćwiczeniach korygujących wady postawy
Authors: Prusińska Violetta , Strugarek Jan , Wieczorek Jakub
Published: April 2021

The development of science and technology brings about many advantages for human beings, yet it also creates a risk for their health and correct growth, including problems with right posture among children. The fast pace of life, an increasing number of tasks in- and outside of school, lack of physical activity, bad dietary habits and permanent compression of vertebrae are the main factors responsible for posture problems among child and teenager groups. The ages between 7 and 10 seem to be a critical period for forming the body position and it is connected with changing children’s daily learning routine (from free and loose activity to a few-hour sitting position at school). In effect, about 60% of children suffer from postural problems. This percentage has a rising tendency as such problems increase with age. The prevention and treatment of consequent disorders is based e.g. on physical exercise during corrective gymnastic classes, where a number of new technology solutions to improve standard and quality of such classes are used, e.g. motion sensors (Microsoft Kinect). This articleconnects corrective exercises with motion-control-based computer games. This approach uses the natural interest of children for interactive games to improve their engagement in corrective exercises. This new form of health-related activity packed in a “computer driven case” is a real chance to make corrective exercises more children-friendly and thus to stimulate children’s motivation to actively participate in them.
Selected Aspects of the Teaching Profession in Poland
Authors: Michalak-Dawidziuk Joanna
Published: April 2021

This article was written on the basis of the text created by the author as part of the Polish component of the Reducing Early School Leaving in the EU project carried out within the 7th Framework Program of the European Union for the years 2013-2018. The text was prepared when the author followed a research apprenticeship program at the Faculty of Education of the University of Warsaw. The article describes the teacher’s profession over the past fifteen years, placing special emphasis on teachers’ education, teachers’ careers, rules for and structure of employment.
The Fourth Generation of Human Rights: Epistemic Rights in Digital Lifeworlds
Authors: Risse Mathias
Published: April 2021

In contrast to China’s efforts to upgrade its system of governance around a stupefying amount of data collection and electronic scoring, countries committed to democracy and human rights did not upgradetheirsystems. Instead, those countries ended up withsurveillance capitalism. It is vital for the survival of those ideas about governance to perform such an upgrade. This paper aims to contribute to that goal. I propose a framework of epistemic actorhood in terms of four roles and characterize digital lifeworlds and what matters about them both in terms of how they fit in with Max Tegmark’s distinctions among stages of life and in terms of how they generate their own episteme, the data episteme, with its immense possibilities of infopower (a term inspired by Foucault). Epistemic rights that strengthen existing human rights – as part of afourth generationof rights – are needed to protect epistemic actorhood in those roles. In the long run, we might well need a new kind of right, the right to the exercise of genuinely human intelligence.
Synthesis and crystal structures of Zn(II) and Cd(II) coordination polymers derived from the flexible N-(4-carboxyphenyl)iminodiacetic acid and auxiliary ligands
Authors: Chai Xiao-Chuan , Li Hui , Li Mei-Zhuan , Gao Xiao-Na
Published: April 2021

Two coordination polymers [Cd3(CPIDA)2(bib)(H2O)2]
n

1 and {[Zn6(CPIDA)4(bix)3]·8H2O}
n

2 (H3CPIDA = N-(4-carboxyphenyl) iminodiacetic acid, bib = 1,4-bis(N-imidazolyl)butane, bix = 1,4-bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene), have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by analytical and IR spectroscopic data. Compound 1 displays an interesting 3D framework with trinodal (4,5)-connected topology, consisting of (4,4) rectangular grid double layers linked by trans-bib ligands. In 2, the corrugated nets with couples of central symmetrical chains constructed by CPIDA3− and bridging trans-bix ligands are pillared by infinite tubes made from CPIDA3− and cis-bix ligands to build a new 3D porous framework with parallelogram-shaped channels, exhibiting a pentanodal (3,4)-connected topology. Moreover, compounds 1 and 2 show intense solid state fluorescence at room temperature.
Development of Silicon Carbide Interlayers for Plasma Spray Yttria Topcoat on Graphite for High-Temperature Applications
Authors: Vetrivendan E. , Madhura B. , Jagadeeswara Rao Ch. , Ningshen S. , Kamachi Mudali U.
Published: April 2021

Plasma-sprayed yttria (Y2O3) coatings on commercial high-density graphite (HDG) as a chemical barrier coating are presently being explored for uranium-zirconium alloy melting crucibles in pyrochemical reprocessing of spent metallic fuel of future fast breeder reactors. The performance and durability of Y2O3 coatings for high-temperature exposure up to 1,823 K for multiple batch operations are critical to reducing solid active waste generation. However, plasma-sprayed Y2O3 coatings on HDG experience large thermal mismatch stresses due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) value of ∼8 × 10−6 K−1 for Y2O3 and ∼4 × 10−6 K−1 for HDG, combined with partial active oxidation of HDG interface leading to premature cracking and spallation of the coating. Silicon carbide (SiC) coating with intermediate CTE (∼6 × 10−6 K−1) offers superior oxidation protection for HDG, which can suitably be used as an interlayer to improve the durability of Y2O3 coatings. In the present work, SiC interlayer coating is developed on HDG substrates using conventional coating techniques such as pack cementation and chemical vapor deposition techniques for subsequent deposition of Y2O3 topcoat by plasma spraying. The thermal fatigue studies simulating uranium melting condition by isothermal hold at 1,723, 1,773, and 1,823 K for 1 h showed twofold improvements in the life of Y2O3 coatings with SiC interlayer. The evolution of thermal cycling damage and failure mechanisms are discussed. The role of interfacial microstructure, the stability of phases, and the underlying mechanisms for life enhancement in the presence of SiC interlayer for plasma-sprayed Y2O3 coating for high-temperature applications are highlighted.
Sadia Shepard’s Foreign-Returned: Pakistani Immigrants’ View on American Values
Authors: Harendika Melania Shinta , Ashila Azka
Published: April 2021

Sadia Shepard’s Foreign-Returned talks about the life of Pakistani immigrants in America, especially Hasan, who struggle to live a better life in the U.S. American values become the main focus in this study to see their influences in certain characters’ point of view of this short story. The data are selected conversations and the narrations in Sadia Shepard’s Foreign-Returned as well as traditional American values and the sociological data of Pakistani Diaspora in America in the 2000s. This research reveals that most of the characters, both first- and second-generation Pakistani immigrants, practice American values in certain ways. However, values are fluid. Not everyone in the U.S.A believes in American values; on the other hand, non-Americans are possible to practice American values. In brief, how much the American values influence the characters' minds and behavior does not depend on whether they are first- or second-generation immigrants.
African American Vernacular English (AAVE) Used by Rich Brian: A Sociolinguistic Investigation
Authors: Aryani Intan Tia Ajeng
Published: April 2021

The author investigated the use of AAVE by Brian Imanuel or Rich Brian in his rap song lyrics. This study aimed to identify the grammatical features of AAVE in Brian's Amen album. Further, this study was also explored the underlying effect on Brian's use of AAVE. This study applied a descriptive-qualitative method. The context of the data in this study was song lyrics. The results are as follows: Brian rap song lyrics' contained 7 out of AAVE's 13 grammatical features. Those are copula absence, invariant be, completive done, specialized auxiliaries, negation, nominal, and ain't. The causal effect on the use of AAVE by Brian is influenced by the environment or neighborhoods where he grew up. Growing up around his friends who use AAVE in their daily conversation leads him to obtain AAVE's native-like control. Likewise, AAVE's use was the main effect of the linguistic marketplace in order to project identities in stable ways.
Perception of Speech Acts Categories in Donald Trump’s Tweets by Native and Nonnative Speakers of English
Authors: Souri Davood , Merç Ali
Published: April 2021

Twitter plays an important role in today’s world. Its role among politicians and those who are interested in politics is more obvious. Due to its importance and special characteristics such as character limits, it has drawn the attention of many researchers including linguists and ELT researchers. This study aimed to compare the perceptions of native and nonnative speakers in identifying speech acts in Donald Trump’s tweets. The subjects of this study were nine English native speakers and twenty nonnative English teachers who were Turkish citizens. Thirty- seven tweets of Donald Trump over the course of a week were selected and the participants were asked to identify the speech acts of the tweets based on the speech acts taxonomy by Searle (1976). The analysis of the data revealed that both native and nonnative speakers of English identified the speech acts of the large majority of the tweets very differently. These differences were partly due to lack of enough political as well as background knowledge and partly due to lack of contextual variables.
Constructing Teacher Identity: Teachers Emotion in Teaching English for Pre-School Students
Authors: Wardhani Anastasia Camelia , Ena Ouda Teda , Mbato Concilianus Laos
Published: April 2021

This research discusses how teachersâ€™ emotion regulation helps them construct their professional identity. To be specific, the emotion regulation studied is around teaching pre-school students. The emotion regulation investigated covers the teachersâ€™ behavior in the classroom setting when they are dealing with little children. The research question of this study is â€œHow teachersâ€™ identity is constructed especially in teaching pre-school students?â€.Â  Theories related to emotion competence, emotion regulation, and teacher identity were also reviewed in this paper. In conducting the research, teachers from one of English courses in Yogyakarta becomes the participant. The researcher uses the Critical Incident Technique (CIT). Many factors such as teaching goals, commitment, particular meaningful experiences become the main consideration in formulating the questions asked in the interview section. Actions such as the distribution of questionnaires and interviews are conducted in order to collect the data. In analyzing the data, the researcher presents the findings narratively based on the result of the questionnaire and the interview.
Implementing Group Investigation to Learn Reading for Senior High School Students
Authors: Maleng Ana Valentine , Hartati Elysa
Published: April 2021

Studentsâ€™ boredom when it comes to reading long texts gives an impact on their comprehension of the textâ€™s main idea due to the use of traditional teaching and learning techniques. Therefore, this study aims to describe how Group Investigation (GI) is implemented in teaching reading, as well as to find out the studentsâ€™ responses toward GI in learning reading. This research focuses on finding out the evidence of how far the method affects students reading ability. The mixed-method between qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to conduct this research. The data obtained were from observation, questionnaire, interview, and documentation. The GI was conducted with group discussion and peer review. The result showed that 84.21% of students gave positive respond toward GI implementation. Based on the interview, students felt they were more motivated, engaged, and enjoyed during the reading skill lesson. Thus, GI is a good alternative to learn reading and help studentsâ€™ reading comprehension as well as the class environment to be more active and joyful.
The Portfolio Assessment to Teach Writing of Opinion Essay
Authors: Setiawan Anjar , Mulyadi Dodi
Published: April 2021

An opinion essay is a written text to deliver arguments and present supporting evidence to readers. Therefore, this writing activity applies portfolio assessment since it is a cumulative collection of studentsâ€™ work from beginning to the end. This study aims at describing the implementation of the portfolio to teach the writing of opinion essays at the non-English department in Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang. The data were collected through observation, tests, and questionnaires. The results showed that the implementation of portfolio assessment could help students write opinion essays by considering its structure and writing components. They were able to state their viewpoint and give supporting data to back up the arguments clearly.
Syntactic Analysis of Chinese Imperative Function in "The Captain" Movie
Authors: Jung Cintiawinata , Julina Julina , Rudiansyah Rudiansyah
Published: April 2021

This article analyzes the function of imperative sentences contained in the "The Captain" movie by applying Zhang's theory of imperative sentence function. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research methods. The data source in this research is the 2019 China movieâ€œThe Captainâ€ (ä¸­å›½æœºé•¿ ZhÅngguÃ³ JÄ«zhÇŽng). The data are imperative words and sentences in the movie. The data collection technique used was the observation and note technique according to Mahsun, then used the data analysis technique of Miles and Huberman. Researchers found 281 imperative sentences in "The Captain" movie and analyze the imperative function. The most widely used imperative function is the commanding function, which is 80 sentences. Meanwhile, the least function used was a threatening function with only 1 sentence. The commanding function is more dominant than other functions and is found in the conversations between officers to passengers, flight attendants to passengers, communication between officers and others. The commanding function is also mostly found in the officerâ€™s conversations, especially when they were facing an emergency situation. Meanwhile, the words used by the officers, flight attendants, and the captain were showing respect and courtesy. So that the threatening function was less found in this movie. There are no requesting and begging functions because this movie tells about the incident of the Sichuan flight 8633, including the service of the aircraft officers and the confidence of the officers in facing the emergency situation at that time.
Tell me about your Day: Portraying Students Reflective Practice through Diary Writing
Authors: Kasprabowo Teguh , Rahayu Endang Yuliani , Widyaningrum Agnes
Published: April 2021

Although commonly understood that diary writing benefits language learners in many ways, the use of diary writing as a medium for reflective practice in higher education is still rarely considered. The study aimed to portray the student's reflective practice through diary writing - to display how the student made meaning of her daily life and learning experiences. Employing qualitative case study, we observed one of our students reflective practice through her diary entries. Our study employed Rodgers summary of Deweys reflective practice (2019) as the theoretical framework. The data of this research was a handwritten diary of a student named Lana containing 30 diary entries written from September 6, 2018, to October 22, 2018. The entries were written in the period when she joined a Creative Writing class. The diary writing activity was mainly aimed to help the students in the class to build their writing habits by writing reflections of their daily activities. The result showed that diary writing provided room for Lana to carry out the reflective practice. This practice helped her to see and to understand herself as a learner. Also, Lana specifically expressed that diary writing helped her to have ideas for writing easily. Based on the findings, we argue that in the Indonesian higher education context diary writing needs to be incorporated in the learning process to benefit learners in their personal development and their language learning process.
Microvariação na sintaxe dos clíticos: os dialetos portugueses dos Açores e Madeira
Authors: Martins Ana Maria
Published: April 2021

Este artigo estuda a colocação dos pronomes clíticos nos dialetos portugueses dos Açores e Madeira. A base empírica é o Corpus dialetal para o estudo da sintaxe (CORDIAL-SIN). Uma primeira abordagem panorâmica mostra que estes dialetos apresentam tipicamente o padrão geral de colocação dos clíticos do português europeu, mas admitem igualmente colocações atípicas, com expressão quantitativa significativa. A investigação foca-se depois em dois tipos de colocação atípica: a ênclise ao verbo finito em configurações sintáticas tipicamente indutoras de colocação proclítica; e a próclise a formas não finitas do verbo em configurações sintáticas onde, tipicamente, se esperaría a ênclise. Os dois tipos de colocação atípica são analisados na sua expressão quantitativa, distribuição geográfica e distribuição por estruturas sintáticas, mostrando-se a ênclise atípica especialmente produtiva com certos advérbios (até, também) e nas orações relativas (resuntivas e cortadoras). Numa perspetiva geolingüística, as nove ilhas dos Açores apresentam uma relativa homogeneidade, não sendo possível identificar, de forma consistente, subáreas dialetais. Já no arquipélago da Madeira observa-se uma clara separação entre a ilha da Madeira (representada no CORDIAL-SIN por Câmara de Lobos e Caniçal) e a ilha de Porto Santo, em particular a Camacha. A Madeira destaca-se pela forte incidência da ênclise atípica nas frases finitas e Porto Santo pela incidência da próclise atípica nas frases com infinitivo e gerúndio. Globlamente, a ênclise atípica está mais representada no corpus em número de ocorrências, mas a próclise atípica é percentualmente mais expressiva e tem paralelo em factos conhecidos das variedades não europeias do português.
Territorio sagrado de Pariaqaqa en los distritos sureños de Huarochirí
Authors: Arroyo Aguilar Sabino
Published: April 2021

Los distritos sureños de Huarochirí siguen preservando la simbología de Pariaqaqa, como dios del agua, vinculada a las cualidades de las ñustas de sus ancestros que se asocian con los actuales sitios arqueológicos contiguos a los pueblos y comunidades que se distribuyen en la cuenca naciente del río Mala; y en cuanto son de economía agro pastoril, siguen necesitando los favores de sus dioses y de los santos patrones, como dioses labradores al igual que ellos.
Comprensión y explicación en antropología
Authors: Vegas Pozo José
Published: April 2021

Mi escrito propone un acercamiento a la Antropología Euroamericana y una especificación de la temática de nuestro universo sociocultural. Asimismo, una conceptualización de la investigación etnográfica.
Una mirada a los (des)encuentros culturales en las relaciones de conflicto entre empresas mineras y poblaciones campesinas en el Perú
Authors: Rodríguez Castillón Juan , Lépez Torres María Arisa
Published: April 2021

En el presente artículo se intenta comprender los desencuentros culturales entre empresas mineras y comunidades campesinas en el contexto de los conflictos mineros desarrollados en varios lugares del Perú. De esta manera este artículo describe y analiza algunos de ellos, exponiendo las causas de su estallido, así como también proponiendo tomar en consideración la dimensión intercultural para intentar solucionar los conflictos mineros.
Hernán Amat Olazábal (2008): Introducción a las ciencias sociales: nuevas perspectivas, Universidad Alas Peruanas y Academia de Historia del Perú Andino
Authors: R. M. R.
Published: April 2021

Editado por dos instituciones académicas de prestigio, la Universidad Alas Peruanas y la Academia de Historia del Perú Andino, está en circulación el voluminoso libro Introducción a las ciencias sociales: nuevas perspectivas, del arqueólogo e historiador Hernán Amat Olazábal. Sin duda, una introducción que va más allá de publicaciones similares conocidas en lengua castellana. Contiene no sólo la indagación de las raíces de las ciencias sociales modernas, se introduce a explicitar el corpus general de cada una de las varias ciencias sociales modernas en la que ha bifurcado lo que durante los siglos XVII y XVIII se constituyó como una ciencia social en singular desde la influencia de etapas del pensamiento social renacentista, humanista y de su correlato la ilustración. En sus dieciséis capítulos hay mucho material de lectura sobre el proceso de construcción de las ciencias sociales tal como la entendemos en estos tiempos.
Presentación
Authors: Robles Mendoza Román
Published: April 2021

Todas las ciencias sociales hacen “camino al andar” cuando buscan ampliar sus posibilidades de avance, pero la antropología, por la naturaleza de su objeto de estudio, le viene dando a ese empeño un especial cuidado. La antropología pretende, desde hace tres décadas, circunscribirse sólo a los aspectos socioculturales de la condición humana, desprendiéndose de aquellos con los que emprendió, a mediados del siglo XIX, la búsqueda de su institucionalización académica: los aspectos biológicos. Sin embargo, ni este silencioso intento por restringir su objeto de estudio lo puede liberar de la necesidad de seguir haciendo más “camino al andar”. Es que es así cómo también viene creando las condiciones para asumir el mayor reto que actualmente tiene: integrar en un solo proceso los quehaceres explicativo (científico) e interpretativo (hermenéutico, comprensivo), evitando que el desborde de sus autonomías puedan constituirse en una traba.
Unidad doméstica altoandina y crianza de camélidos sudamericanos
Authors: Palomino Meneses Teodomiro
Published: April 2021

Para los habitantes altoandinos, la unidad doméstica es el espacio social en el que, con una mayor intimidad y un carácter central, reproducen sus condiciones de existencia. Al desencadenar este proceso e impulsarlo hacia otras unidades sociales concéntricamente mayores hace que todas sus manifestaciones acontezcan alrededor de la crianza de camélidos sudamericanos. El propósito de este artículo es dar cuenta de lo que la reproducción social altoandina representa cuando se procesa primordialmente, condición que no la exime a definir sus manifestaciones entre continuidades y rupturas, entre armonías y conflictos.
Entrevista a Jürgen Golte: la iconografía prehispánica desde el universo Moche
Authors: Jacinto Pazos Pedro
Published: April 2021

Si bien en las imágenes aparecen las divinidades, hay que ver que ya los señores se representan frente a la sociedad como descendientes de la divinidad “x”, o descendiente de la divinidad “y”; de esta forma se legitima el poder con una idea sobre un pasado primordial donde se construye la diferenciación social y la división del trabajo y, por esto es que hay un énfasis sobre ese orden primordial porque justifica la diferenciación del presente y el rol que tienen los diversos subgrupos de la sociedad en la perpetuación del orden. Es una idea que los moches deben haber tenido de manera muy extraordinaria y que por las interrelaciones entre los diversos grupos sociales, tenían que coordinar para que se produzca bien el futuro. El sentido de los ritos moches, como se puede ver, es organizar la producción del futuro a través de la interacción social.