bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desenvolvimento de um Framework de Aprendizado de Máquina no Apoio a Gateways Científicos Verdes, Inteligentes e Eficientes: BioinfoPortal como Caso de Estudo Brasileiro
Authors: Coelho Micaella , Freire Guilherme , Ocaña Kary , Osthoff Carla , Galheigo Marcelo , Carneiro André R. , Boito Francieli , Navaux Philippe , Cardoso Douglas O.
Published: October 2022

Gateways científicos trazem enormes benefícios para usuários finais, simplificando o acesso e ocultando a complexidade da infraestrutura de computação distribuída subjacente. O gateway científico de bioinformática, BioinfoPortal, por meio do seu middleware CSGrid, usufrui dos recursos heterogêneos do Santos Dumont. No entanto, a submissão de tarefas ainda exige um esforço significativo, no que tange à decisão da melhor configuração que leve a uma execução eficiente. O framework de aprendizado de máquina, em desenvolvimento, ao ser integrado ao gateway, viabilizará essa decisão. No presente trabalho apresentamos um estudo de desempenho com caso de estudo da bioinformática visando analisar o comportamento de variáveis de saída do slurm/sacct dado valores das variáveis de entrada obtidas da configuração de tarefas do SDumont, o que pôde ser realizado pela modelagem deste cenário como uma tarefa de classificação binária. Os nossos resultados indicam ser possível extrair regras e avaliar a influência das variáveis de entrada Bootstrap, Nó e Thread, sendo Bootstrap a mais significativa e aquela com mais peso para o sistema de recomendação de alocação de recursos no BioinfoPortal.
Otimizando a Execução de Aplicações Paralelas em Ambiente de Nuvem Heterogênea
Authors: Lima Everton C. de , Luizelli Marcelo C. , Rossi Fábio , Beck Antonio Carlos S. , Lorenzon Arthur F.
Published: October 2022

A computação na nuvem emerge como uma plataforma alternativa para a execução de aplicações de alto desempenho. Simultaneamente, a atualização de nodos computacionais nestes sistemas pode levar a uma heterogeneidade de recursos. Neste sentido, o desafio de executar aplicações paralelas na nuvem não está apenas relacionado a definição do melhor número de threads para a aplicação, mas também, a escolha ideal da arquitetura que irá executar tal aplicação. No entanto, as características de grau de paralelismo e capacidade computacional têm sido pouco exploradas para fazer a alocação de aplicações numa nuvem heterogênea. Portanto, neste artigo, mostramos que ao considerar o grau de paralelismo de uma aplicação e as características do nodo computacional, ganhos significativos de desempenho e consumo de energia podem ser obtidos quando comparado a maneira padrão com que aplicações são escalonadas num ambiente de nuvem heterogênea.
Simulated Annealing em Hardware com Múltiplas Threads em Pipeline para Posicionamento em CGRAs
Authors: Penha Jeronimo Costa , Silva Lucas Bragança da , Canesche Michael , Nacif José Augusto M. , Ferreira Ricardo
Published: October 2022

O uso de aceleradores com paralelismo espacial, como os CGRAs, são soluções promissoras em desempenho e eficiência energética. O desempenho dos CGRAs dependem dos compiladores para explorar o paralelismo das aplicações, sendo o mapeamento da aplicação um dos grandes desafios. A primeira etapa deste processo é o posicionamento, cuja eficiência impacta diretamente nos passos seguintes que são o roteamento e o escalonamento. Este trabalho apresenta uma implementação em hardware, usando field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), para o algoritmo Simulated Annealing (SA). Os resultados mostram uma aceleração de 7 a 30 vezes em relação ao estado da arte sem sacrificar a qualidade da solução, podendo ser de 70 a 300 vezes mais rápido com o uso de múltiplas unidades de posicionamento. O algoritmo foi implementado em pipeline com múltiplas threads para esconder a latência, onde uma iteração completa do SA executa em apenas dois ciclos de relógio do FPGA.
Programando para Memória Persistente: Dificuldades, Armadilhas e Desempenho
Authors: Bastelli Lucas , Baldassin Alexandro , Francesquini Emilio
Published: October 2022

A tecnologia de memória persistente (PM) provê endereçamento por byte com latência de acesso relativamente próxima às das memórias voláteis (DRAM). Contudo, programar com PM traz novos desafios não encontrados em ambientes típicos com memória volátil. Neste contexto, este artigo apresenta duas contribuições principais. Primeiramente, analisamos qualitativamente as dificuldades e armadilhas de se programar com a PMDK, a biblioteca oficial da Intel para programação do Optane DC (seu dispositivo de armazenamento persistente). Esta análise é o resultado das nossas experiências coletadas durante o desenvolvimento de um conjunto de estruturas de dados típicas de aplicações com persistência de dados. A segunda contribuição é uma análise de desempenho considerando implementações persistentes e voláteis dessas estruturas de dados para DRAM, Optane DC e SSD. Os resultados experimentais mostram que o Optane DC, apesar de em média ser 5,54× mais lento que o dispositivo volátil (DRAM), supera o SSD em 14× no pior caso.
MCMPI: uma biblioteca com elasticidade para ambientes com múltiplos domínios e nuvem pública
Authors: Aguni Carlos A. T. , Sato Liria M. , Midorikawa Edson T.
Published: October 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma nova biblioteca que utiliza e estende o padrão MPI, capaz de agregar servidores e clusters localizados em múltiplos domínios, como também recursos da nuvem. A plataforma de execução é criada e entregue à aplicação MPI de forma transparente sem que seja necessário recompilar o código. A solução também provê funções de provisionamento, adição e remoção de nós em tempo de execução trazendo elasticidade à aplicação. Através de benchmarks, comparou-se seu desempenho com a execução nativa da aplicação utilizando a Biblioteca MPI. Foi, também, desenvolvido um protótipo de aplicação elástica com resultados otimistas e dentro do esperado.
HPC@Cloud: A Provider-Agnostic Software Framework for Enabling HPC in Public Cloud Platforms
Authors: Munhoz Vanderlei , Castro Márcio
Published: October 2022

The cloud computing paradigm democratized compute infrastructure access to millions of resource-strained organizations, applying economics of scale to massively reduce infrastructure costs. In the High Performance Computing (HPC) context, the benefits of using public cloud resources make it an attractive alternative to expensive on-premises clusters, however there are several challenges and limitations. In this paper, we present HPC@Cloud: a provideragnostic software framework that comprises a set of key software tools to assist in the migration, test and execution of HPC applications in public clouds. HPC@Cloud allows the HPC community to benefit from readily available public cloud resources with minimum efforts and features an empirical approach for estimating cloud infrastructure costs for HPC workloads. We also provide an experimental analysis of HPC@Cloud on two public clouds: Amazon AWS and Vultr Cloud.
Use of Attapulgite as a Corrosion Inhibitor for Industrial Metals and Alloys: Case of Aluminum, Zinc and Aluzinc in a 0.5 M Hydrochloric Acid Solution
Authors: BADJI Mamadou , GASSAMA Diadioly , BODIAN Malang , SYLLA-GUEYE Rokhaya , CISSÉ Khaly , FALL Modou
Published: October 2022

The study deals with the use of attapulgite as a corrosion inhibitor of two metals, namely aluminum and zinc, and their alloy (aluzinc), in a 0.5 M hydrochloric acid medium. The study was carried out by monitoring the free-corrosion potential and performing dynamic polarization measurements (Tafel curves) at different concentrations of inhibitor in solution. The measurements suggested that in a 0.5 M acidic medium, the surface of each of the three materials was attacked. The decrease in current density was very noticeable in aluminum and zinc at a level of 2 g×L-1. A weak tendency to passivity was noticed for zinc and aluzinc. The experimental results obtained showed a decrease in the current intensity in the presence of the corrosion inhibitor in the acidic medium. The maximum inhibitory efficiency rate reached for the metals and their alloy was higher than 99 %. This percentage was obtained for aluminum and zinc in the presence of 4 g×L-1 of attapulgite and 3 g×L-1 for aluzinc.
Patient survival after surgical resection of pelvic bone sarcomas: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Merčun Aljaž , Martinčič David , Špiler Marko , Mavčič Blaž
Published: October 2022

Background: Pelvic bone sarcomas are extremely rare malignant tumours. Patients require a multidisciplinary approach to plan the treatment and complex surgical resections and limb-sparing reconstructions associated with complications, revisions, and functional limitations. The presented nationwide study in the Republic of Slovenia aims to analyse the oncological survival and functional outcomes of patients after primary resection of pelvic bone sarcomas.

Methods: The retrospective observational cohort included 21 consecutive patients who underwent limb-sparing pelvic resection at a specialized orthopaedic oncology centre in the Republic of Slovenia between 2004-2022. Patient survival, complication rates, and functional outcomes were analysed according to to the primary diagnosis.

Results: Wide margins with R0 resection were achieved in 16 (76%) cases. After a median follow-up of 5.7 (0.6-18.1) years, 7 (33%) patients died of oncological disease, 3 (14%) patients were alive with oncological disease, and 11 (53%) patients were alive with no evidence of disease. The estimated Kaplan-Meier survival probability at 2 years, 5 years, and 10 years after pelvic resection was 85%, 73%, and 45%, respectively. The major complication rate was 29%. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumour Society Score was 17.5 (range 2-29).

Conclusions: Patient survival after resection of pelvic bone sarcomas in Slovenia between 2004-2022 is comparable to previously published reports of European and North American countries. Wide resection of tumours with reconstruction provides a relatively good survival rate, although complications are common and functional outcomes are often poor.
Farklı Azot Dozlarının Karabuğday (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)’ın Verim ve Verim Öğelerine Etkisi
Authors: KATAR Nimet , KATAR Duran , CAN Mustafa
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmada, beş farklı azot (0, 50, 100, 150 ve 200 kg ha-1) dozunun karabuğday (Fagopyrum esculentum)’ın bitki boyu, dal sayısı, 1000 tohum ağırlığı, hektolitre ağırlığı, ham protein içeriği ve tohum verimine etkisi incelenmiştir. Tarla denemeleri, Eskişehir ekolojik koşulları altında 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, en yüksek tohum verimi (1.83 t ha-1) ile en yüksek ham protein oranı (%11.22) 200 kg ha-1 azotlu gübre uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Fakat karabuğdayın tohum verimi 150 kg ha-1 azot dozuna kadar önemli ölçüde artarken, ham protein oranı 50 kg ha-1 azot dozuna kadar önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Sonuç olarak karabuğday üretiminde en yüksek tohum verimini elde etmek için en uygun azot dozunun 150 kg ha-1 azot dozu olduğu söylenebilir.
Rare rib tumours: Where geography matters
Authors: Schewitz I
Published: October 2022

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The optimal management of the patient with COVID‐19 pneumonia: HFNC, NIV/CPAP or mechanical ventilation?
Authors: Broadhurst A G B , Botha C , Calligaro G , Lee C , Lalla U , Koegelenberg C F N , Gopalan P D , Joubert I A , Richards G A , Allwood B W
Published: October 2022

The recent pandemic has seen unprecedented demand for respiratory support of patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia, stretching services and clinicians. Yet despite the global numbers of patients treated, guidance is not clear on the correct choice of modality or the timing of escalation of therapy for an individual patient.This narrative review assesses the available literature on the best use of different modalities of respiratory support for an individual patient, and discusses benefits and risks of each, coupled with practical advice to improve outcomes.
On current data, in an ideal context, it appears that as disease severity worsens, conventional oxygen therapy is not sufficient alone. In more severe disease, i.e. PaO2/FiO2 ratios below approximately 200, helmet‐CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) (although not widely available) may be superior to high‐flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy or facemask non‐invasive ventilation (NIV)/CPAP, and that facemask NIV/CPAP may be superior to HFNC, but with noted important complications, including risk of pneumothoraces.
In an ideal context, invasive mechanical ventilation should not be delayed where indicated and available. Vitally, the choice of respiratory support should not be prescriptive but contextualised to each setting, as supply and demand of resources vary markedly between institutions. Over time, institutions should develop clear policies to guide clinicians before demand exceeds supply, and should frequently review best practice as evidence matures.
Cases
Authors: Agarwal M , Sharma K K , Deokar K , Bharti N
Published: October 2022

Methotrexate, an immunomodulatory agent used for a wide variety of indications, can cause pulmonary toxicity in the form of pneumonitis, organising pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis, pleural effusion, pulmonary infections or lymphoproliferative disease. We report a case of methotrexate pneumonitis in a patient with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. The diagnosis of methotrexate pneumonitis is challenging, as the signs and symptoms can be caused by intercurrent infection, concomitant medications or an underlying disease condition. A high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis. Management consists of drug discontinuation and steroids in patients with respiratory failure.
Do all children in South Africa have access to dedicated paediatric intensive care?
Authors: Goussard P
Published: October 2022

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A descriptive study of the spectrum of dermatological surgery services provided by the University of KwaZulu-Natal Department of Dermatology at Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital
Authors: Peer M , Hoosen K , Mosam A
Published: October 2022

A descriptive study of the spectrum of dermatological surgery services provided by the University of KwaZulu-Natal Department of Dermatology at Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital
La poesia infantil en el sistema literari valencià actual: un estudi de cas
Authors: Senís Juan , Mínguez-López Xavier
Published: October 2022

L’objectiu principal d’aquest article és definir les característiques i tendències principals d’un subsistema poètic concret: la poesia per a infants publicada en llengua catalana a la Comunitat Valenciana al nou mil·lenni. Més en concret, es tracta de comprovar si les tendències definides per la literatura acadèmica com a característiques i dominants dins de la poesia per a infants de l’àmbit estatal es troben també a l’àmbit valencià. Per a arribar al nostre objectiu hem seleccionat un corpus que es correspon a l’única col·lecció de poesia diferenciada per a infants existent a la Comunitat Valenciana: «Vagó de versos», de l’editorial Andana. Així doncs, una vegada establert i descrit el corpus, farem, en primer lloc, una anàlisi bibliogràfica exhaustiva de les referències bibliogràfiques acadèmiques sobre la poesia per a infants dins de l’àmbit ibèric. A partir d’aquesta anàlisi, establirem els ítems d’estudi que utilitzarem per a l’anàlisi del corpus, que ocuparà la tercera part d’aquest estudi, i que se centrarà en aspectes peritextuals, textuals i visuals. Finalment, a les conclusions, sintetitzarem els resultats obtinguts per a confirmar la hipòtesi plantejada a l’inici.
Paraules cansades. Disponibilitat lectal i adaptabilitat de la llengua
Authors: Nadal Josep M. , Perera Santiago , Monreal Pilar , Feliu Francesc
Published: October 2022

L’adaptabilitat d’una llengua depèn del multilingüisme intralingüístic dels parlants, que els permet usar la llengua-dialecte adequada a cada situació. Una llengua, per tant, és inevitablement un conjunt de llengües-dialecte. Aquestes mantenen relacions desiguals amb l’espai privilegiat de l’estàndard, que és l’única entitat lingüística construïda. En aquest treball volem reflexionar sobre les tensions entre les llengües-dialecte i la llengua estàndard.
La grammaire à l’école élémentaire française : un enseignement sous tension…
Authors: Gourdet Patrice
Published: October 2022

La question de l’enseignement de la langue à l’école reste sensible en France et entraine régulièrement des débats et des controverses qui dépassent le cadre scolaire. La grammaire cristallise ces oppositions tant au niveau linguistique, didactique et pédagogique, politique, institutionnel, social… Nous sommes de fait face à un enseignement sous tension. Notre proposition tentera d’interroger et de croiser deux dimensions, les savoirs prescrits et les savoirs enseignés. Cette mise en interaction se fera selon deux axes: sur un axe diachronique, nous proposerons une analyse de quelques textes institutionnels qui se succèdent depuis vingt ans pour comprendre les attentes ministérielles dans un contexte national très centralisé ; sur un axe plus synchronique et en appui sur des recherches récentes, nous tenterons de cerner la réalité pédagogique de classes de CE2 et de CM1 en analysant les exercices de grammaire proposés aux élèves, les règles institutionnalisés dans les classes pour «expliquer» la langue et les démarches préconisés dans des manuels qui se disent conforment aux programmes en vigueur (ceux de 2020). À partir de ces éléments, nous tenterons de cerner les points de tension, voire les paradoxes qui traversent cet enseignement de la langue dans le contexte français.
Àlex Matas Pons, «Els marges dels mapes: una geografia desplaçada», València, Tres i Quatre, 2021, 190 p.
Authors: Vidal-Pérez Aina
Published: October 2022

Ressenya sobre el llibre d'Àlex Matas Pons, Els marges dels mapes: una geografia desplaçada, València, Tres i Quatre, 2021, 190 p., ISBN: 978-84-17469-34-4.
Amanda Ulldemolins Subirats, «La llengua estàndard a les comarques centrals del domini lingüístic català», Castelló de la Plana, Universitat Jaume I / Fundació Germà Colón, 2022, 219 p.
Authors: Bellés Eloi
Published: October 2022

Ressenya sobre el llibre d'Amanda Ulldemolins Subirats, La llengua estàndard a les comarques centrals del domini lingüístic català, Castelló de la Plana, Universitat Jaume I / Fundació Germà Colón, 2022, 219 p., ISBN 978-84-18432-92-7.
Neus Nogué, Josep Besa, Lluís Payrató & Montserrat Sendra (eds.), «Els sistemes de tractament: una visió interlingüística i aplicada», Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 2022, 166 p.
Authors: Benavent Llinares Laia
Published: October 2022

Ressenya sobre el llibre de Neus Nogué, Josep Besa, Lluís Payrató & Montserrat Sendra (eds.), Els sistemes de tractament: una visió interlingüística i aplicada, Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 2022, 166 p., ISBN: 978-84-9168-751-1.
Teresa Julio, «Maria Carratalà. Música, escriptura i traducció», Lleida, Punctum, 2021, 244 p.
Authors: Nicolau Jiménez Adriana
Published: October 2022

Ressenya sobre el llibre de Teresa Julio, Maria Carratalà. Música, escriptura i traducció, Lleida, Punctum, 2021, 244 p., ISBN: 978-84-123303-5-9.
A Spatial Economic Study of Rail Freight in the European Economic Area
Authors: Boldizsár Adrienn , Mészáros Ferenc
Published: October 2022

The present study explores whether the European Union’s transport policy measures of the last decade have fulfilled the expectations, i.e. whether there has been a positive change in the field of rail freight transport in the region. Data on the volumes of freight transport in the recent period have been analysed with freight transport intensity as an indicator. The values have been then translated into a spatial econometric model, looking for spatiality in the European Economic Region, including countries such as Norway, Switzerland or even Russia, extending the scope of the study to 37 countries. It has been proven that there is a spatial correlation between rail freight transport performance and GDP in Europe, which has a positive effect on countries with high GDP and a negative effect on low GDP countries in terms of performance. There is a particularly high intensity of rail freight in the Baltic region, as well as in Ukraine and Russia. Furthermore, it can be stated that rail freight has not undergone any significant changes in the last 10 years.
Feasibility of Using V2I Sensing Probe Data for Real-Time Monitoring of Multi-Class Vehicular Traffic Volumes in Unmeasured Road Locations
Authors: Chang Hyunho , Cheon Seunghoon
Published: October 2022

Portions of dynamic traffic volumes consisting of multiple vehicle classes are accurately monitored without vehicle detectors using vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication systems. This offers the feasibility of online monitoring of the total traffic volumes with multi-vehicle classes without any advanced vehicle detectors. To evaluate this prospect, this article presents a method of monitoring dynamic multi-class vehicular traffic volumes in a road location where road-side equipment (RSE) for V2I communication is in operation. The proposed method aims to estimate dynamic total traffic volume data for multiple vehicle classes using the V2I sensing probe volume (i.e. partial vehicular traffic volumes) collected through the RSE. An experimental study was conducted using real-world V2I sensing probe volume data. The results showed that traffic volumes for vehicle types I and II (i.e. cars and heavy vehicles, respectively) can be effectively monitored with average errors of 6.69% and 10.89%, respectively, when the penetration rates of the in-vehicle V2I device for the two vehicle types average 0.384 and 0.537, respectively. The performance of the method in terms of detection error is comparable to those of widely used vehicle detectors. Therefore, V2I sensing probe data for multi-vehicle classes can complement the functions of vehicle detectors because the penetration rate of in-vehicle V2I devices is currently high.
Brasil, ano zero: estado, gênero, violência
Authors: Bento Berenice
Published: October 2022

A obra transforma a perplexidade da realidade contemporânea em instigantes análises. A partir de questões que conectam o impeachment da ex-presidenta Dilma Rousseff, os reiterados ataques às questões dos gêneros e das sexualidades, o aumento da miséria e a eleição de Bolsonaro, os capítulos oferecem interpretações históricas à conjuntura sócio-política atual e seus personagens. O livro reúne a trajetória acadêmica e militante da autora, tal como suas percepções. Por fim, busca oferecer análises que negam dois tipos de determinismo: o que atribui à natureza biológica a explicação da produção das identidades; e o de caráter epistemológico que se caracteriza por atribuir valores absolutos a uma categoria analítica.
Chronic Ca2+ imaging of cortical neurons with long-term expression of GCaMP-X
Authors: Geng Jinli , Tang Yingjun , Yu Zhen , Gao Yunming , Li Wenxiang , Lu Yitong , Wang Bo , Zhou Huiming , Li Ping , Liu Nan , Wang Ping , Fan Yubo , Yang Yaxiong , Guo Zengcai V , Liu Xiaodong
Published: October 2022

Dynamic Ca2+ signals reflect acute changes in membrane excitability, and also mediate signaling cascades in chronic processes. In both cases, chronic Ca2+ imaging is often desired, but challenged by the cytotoxicity intrinsic to calmodulin (CaM)-based GCaMP, a series of genetically-encoded Ca2+ indicators that have been widely applied. Here, we demonstrate the performance of GCaMP-X in chronic Ca2+ imaging of cortical neurons, where GCaMP-X by design is to eliminate the unwanted interactions between the conventional GCaMP and endogenous (apo)CaM-binding proteins. By expressing in adult mice at high levels over an extended time frame, GCaMP-X showed less damage and improved performance in two-photon imaging of sensory (whisker-deflection) responses or spontaneous Ca2+ fluctuations, in comparison with GCaMP. Chronic Ca2+ imaging of one month or longer was conducted for cultured cortical neurons expressing GCaMP-X, unveiling that spontaneous/local Ca2+ transients progressively developed into autonomous/global Ca2+ oscillations. Along with the morphological indices of neurite length and soma size, the major metrics of oscillatory Ca2+, including rate, amplitude and synchrony were also examined. Dysregulations of both neuritogenesis and Ca2+ oscillations became discernible around 2–3 weeks after virus injection or drug induction to express GCaMP in newborn or mature neurons, which were exacerbated by stronger or prolonged expression of GCaMP. In contrast, neurons expressing GCaMP-X were significantly less damaged or perturbed, altogether highlighting the unique importance of oscillatory Ca2+ to neural development and neuronal health. In summary, GCaMP-X provides a viable solution for Ca2+ imaging applications involving long-time and/or high-level expression of Ca2+ probes.
Murine endothelial serine palmitoyltransferase 1 (SPTLC1) is required for vascular development and systemic sphingolipid homeostasis
Authors: Kuo Andrew , Checa Antonio , Niaudet Colin , Jung Bongnam , Fu Zhongjie , Wheelock Craig E , Singh Sasha A , Aikawa Masanori , Smith Lois E , Proia Richard L , Hla Timothy
Published: October 2022

Serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT), the rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of sphingolipids (SL), is needed for embryonic development, physiological homeostasis, and response to stress. The functions of de novo SL synthesis in vascular endothelial cells (EC), which line the entire circulatory system, are not well understood. Here, we show that the de novo SL synthesis in EC not only regulates vascular development but also maintains circulatory and peripheral organ SL levels. Mice with an endothelial-specific gene knockout of SPTLC1 (Sptlc1 ECKO), an essential subunit of the SPT complex, exhibited reduced EC proliferation and tip/stalk cell differentiation, resulting in delayed retinal vascular development. In addition, Sptlc1 ECKO mice had reduced retinal neovascularization in the oxygen-induced retinopathy model. Mechanistic studies suggest that EC SL produced from the de novo pathway are needed for lipid raft formation and efficient VEGF signaling. Post-natal deletion of the EC Sptlc1 also showed rapid reduction of several SL metabolites in plasma, red blood cells, and peripheral organs (lung and liver) but not in the retina, part of the central nervous system (CNS). In the liver, EC de novo SL synthesis was important for acetaminophen-induced rapid ceramide elevation and hepatotoxicity. These results suggest that EC-derived SL metabolites are in constant flux between the vasculature, circulatory elements, and parenchymal cells of non-CNS organs. Taken together, our data point to the central role of the endothelial SL biosynthesis in maintaining vascular development, neovascular proliferation, non-CNS tissue metabolic homeostasis, and hepatocyte response to stress.
The soccer season: performance variations and evolutionary trends
Authors: Silva Joao Renato
Published: October 2022

The physiological demands of soccer challenge the entire spectrum of the response capacity of the biological systems and fitness requirements of the players. In this review we examined variations and evolutionary trends in body composition, neuromuscular and endurance-related parameters, as well as in game-related physical parameters of professional players. Further, we explore aspects relevant for training monitoring and we reference how different training stimulus and situational variables (e.g., competition exposure) affect the physiological and performance parameters of players. Generally, improvements of small magnitude in non- (non-CMJ) and countermovement-based jumps (CMJBased) and in the sprint acceleration (ACCPhase) and maximal velocity phase (MVPhase) are observed from start of preparation phase (PPS) to beginning of competition phase (BCP). A greater magnitude of increases is observed in physiological and endurance performance measures within this period; moderate magnitude in sub-maximal intensity exercise (velocity at fixed blood lactate concentrations; V2–4mmol/l) and large magnitude in VO2max, maximal aerobic speed (MAS) and intense intermittent exercise performance (IE). In the middle of competition phase (MCP), small (CMJBased and ACCPhase), moderate (non-CMJ; MVPhase; VO2max; sub-maximal exercise) and large (MAS and IE) improvements were observed compared to PPS. In the end of competition period (ECP), CMJBased and MVPhase improve to a small extent with non-CMJ, and ACCPhase, VO2max, MAS, sub-maximal intensity exercise and IE revealing moderate increments compared to PPS. Although less investigated, there are generally observed alterations of trivial magnitude in neuromuscular and endurance-related parameters between in-season assessments; only substantial alterations are examined for IE and sub-maximal exercise performance (decrease and increase of small magnitude, respectively) from BCP to MCP and in VO2max and IE (decrements of small magnitude) from MCP to ECP. Match performance may vary during the season. Although, the variability between studies is clear for TD, VHSR and sprint, all the studies observed substantial increments in HSR between MCP and ECP. Finally, studies examining evolutionary trends by means of exercise and competition performance measures suggests of a heightened importance of neuromuscular factors. In conclusion, during the preseason players “recover” body composition profile and neuromuscular and endurance competitive capacity. Within in-season, and more robustly towards ECP, alterations in neuromuscular performance seem to be force-velocity dependent, and in some cases, physiological determinants and endurance performance may be compromised when considering other in-season moments. Importantly, there is a substantial variability in team responses that can be observed during in-season. Consequently, this informs on the need to both provide a regular training stimulus and adequate monitorization throughout the season.
A new volute,Ericusa ngayawangsp. nov. (Gastropoda: Volutidae), from the Miocene of South Australia
Authors: Yates Adam M.
Published: October 2022

Ericusa ngayawangsp. nov. is described from shells preserved in the Middle Miocene Cadell Formation in the western Murray Basin of South Australia. At the time the Murray Basin was part of the Southeastern Australian Marine Biogeographic Province.Ericusa ngayawangis a small heavily costate species ofEricusawith clear affinities to the Early MioceneE. atkinsoniof Victoria and Tasmania but can be distinguished from it by its smaller size, more slender proportions and its heavily costate body whorl.Ericusa atkinsoniand its relative,E. macroptera, inhabited the basins to the east of the Murray Basin during the Late Oligocene and Early Miocene but were extinct there before the end of the Burdigalian Stage of the Early Miocene. The persistence ofE. ngayawanginto the Langhian Stage of the Middle Miocene is another piece of evidence for partial biogeographic isolation of the western Murray Basin from the rest of the Southeastern Australian Province during the Miocene.
11th World Federation of Chiropractic Colleges/Association of Chiropractic Colleges Global Education Conference: Leveling Up: Creating Consistency in Chiropractic Education, November 2–5, 2022
Authors:   World Federation of Chiropractic Colleges,   Association of Chiropractic Colleges
Published: October 2022

This conference was convened by the World Federation of Chiropractic and the Association of Chiropractic Colleges from November 2 to 5, 2022. The title for the program was Leveling Up: Creating Consistency in Chiropractic Education. The 2022 program focused on the delivery of consistent global chiropractic education. Scholarly works were presented in a variety of formats, including platform presentations, posters, innovations panels, and workshops.
Organoleptic and Morphological Analysis of Citrus Peel Powder
Authors: Singh Samridhi , Mishra Sunita
Published: October 2022

Aim: Processing of citrus fruits results in the production of a >40 million tons of by-products worldwide and a major part of this by product is its peels. These peels have the potential of acting as a good nutraceutical resource owing to its high dietary fibre content and phenolic content. However, these peels are under-utilised despite their claimed health benefits. This study evaluates the morphological structure and sensory attributes of sweet lime peel and orange peel powder.

Study Design: The present study was conducted in 3 phases-

Collection of Raw Material

Pretreatment & dehydration

Processing into powder form.

Place and Duration of the Study: The present study was conducted in the Department of Food &Nutrition of Babasa.heb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow. The duration of the study is 6 months i.e. from Jan, 2022- July, 2022.

Methodology: Peels of sweet lime and orange were transformed into powder through solar drying followed by grinding. In the present study, we have compared the morphology and organoleptic constituents of orange peel powder (OPP) and sweet lime peel powder (SLPP). The morphology of the two samples was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and element composition was studied and analysed by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX). Organoleptic and sensory attributes were analyzed by a 9 pointer hedonic scale rating. Peel powders were also compared for two functional properties i.e. their Solubility Index and Swelling Power.
Evaluation of Vernonia amygdalina Leaves for Gastroprotective Activity on Experimental Models of Gastric Ulcer in Rats
Authors: Azubuike N. C. , Onwukwe O. S. , Ugwuodo M. C. , Toni-Duruaku M.
Published: October 2022

Background: Vernonia amygdalina del. (Arecaceae) leaf, popularly known as ‘Bitter leaf’ is widely used as a leafy vegetable in soups and in folkloric medicine against many ailments including stomach discomfort.

Aim: The current study aimed to assess the gastroprotective effect of the crude aqueous extract of V. amygdalina leaves (AEVAL) on Hydrochloric acid (HCl)/Ethanol gastric ulcer models.

Study Design: An animal experimental study which was conducted for 14 days.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, and Animal House, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, between May 2013 and August 2014.

Methodology: Preliminary acute toxicity testing was performed. Twenty (25) rats were divided into five groups (n=5). Groups I and II were normal and ulcer control groups respectively. Groups III, IV and V were pretreated with cimetidine (100 mg/kg), 250 mg/kg AEVAL and 500 mg/kg AEVAL respectively. Cimetidine and AEVAL were administered intraperitoneally and orally, respectively, once daily for 7days. After drug treatments on Day 7, gastric ulcers were induced using HCl/ethanol solution (1ml/rat) prior to sacrifice. Ulcer indices and percentage ulcer inhibition were determined. The stomach tissues were excised, histologically processed and evaluated for histopathological alteration under light microscopy.

Results: Acute toxicity testing revealed that AEVAL at a dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight did not cause any mortality. Macroscopical evaluation of the gastric mucosa revealed severe lesions following induction with HCl/ethanol. However, profound protective effects were observed with cimetidine and AEVAL (250 and 500 mg/kg) pretreatments with ulcer inhibition of 79%, 58% and 76% respectively. Histopathological findings were consistent with the macroscopical features observed.

Conclusion: Data from this study suggest that oral treatment with V. amygdalina leaves extract exhibited gastroprotective activities against the injurious effects of acidified ethanol on the gastric mucosa of albino rats.
Complications of hypodermoclysis in patients under palliative care: a systematic review / Complicações da hipodermóclise em pacientes sob cuidados paliativos: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Ferraciolli Clarissa , Mendoza Isabel Yovana , De Souza Raquel Eustaquia , Reis Rafaela , Gomes Júnior Carlos Roberto , Rezende Simino Giovana de Paula
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Identificar evidências na literatura acerca das complicações locais do uso da hipodermóclise em pacientes sob Cuidados Paliativos. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática para avaliar as complicações locais e regionais no sítio de inserção do cateter da hipodermóclise em pacientes sob Cuidados Paliativos. As buscas foram realizadas de novembro a dezembro de 2020 nas bases de dados: MEDLINE, PubMed, LILACS, BDENF e no SciELO. Foi adotado modelo prisma de revisão sistemática. Resultados: Foram identificadas as seguintes evidencias: as complicações mais prevalentes decorrentes da utilização da hipodermóclise foram edema e eritema, com predominância da utilização de cateter agulhado principalmente na região abdominal e infraclavicular. Dentre as soluções e medicamentos mais administrados destacam-se: o NaCl 0,9%, o KCl e os opioides. Conclusão: Há a necessidade de intensificar o desenvolvimento de pesquisas com melhor delineamento e rigor metodológico, produzindo evidências fortes relativas ao tema investigado.
New strategy of a lung compensating technique with STR for total body irradiation
Authors: Yanagi Yuya , Monzen Hajime , Tamura Mikoto , Otsuka Masakazu , Nishimura Yasumasa
Published: October 2022

Purpose

To determine the thickness of a soft variable shape tungsten rubber (STR) as a lung compensating filter in total body irradiation.

Methods

A tough water (TW) phantom and tough lung (TL) phantom were used as water and lung‐equivalent phantoms. The TW with a thickness of 3 cm simulating the thoracic wall was used (upper layer). The TW or TL with a thickness from 1 to 15 cm (1 cm increments) was placed beneath the upper layer (middle layer). The TW with a thickness of 5 cm simulating the mediastinum was placed beneath the middle layer (lower layer), and a farmer ionization chamber was placed beneath this layer. The relative doses of a 10 MV X‐rays were then measured. The TL was compensated in 1 mm increments from 1 to 11 mm of the STR, and the thickness of the STR at the same dose of TW (water equivalent) was obtained.

Results

The compensating ability of STR increased as the thickness of the TL increased, and an STR with a thickness of 1 mm reduced the dose by 2%–4%, depending on the thickness of lung. The STR thickness as an equivalent dose of TW per cm of TL was approximately linear, and the thickness was 0.62 mm/cm of TL.

Conclusion

The STR can be used as a lung compensating filter for a water equivalent dose with 0.62 mm of STR per cm of lung.
Experiment and a catalyst acid property‐included global reaction modeling for catalytic pyrolysis of 1‐pentene
Authors: Liu Dongyang , Zhang Linzhou , Qiao Zhiqiu , Bai Yuen , Zhao Liang , Gao Jinsen , Xu Chunming
Published: October 2022

The acid property of the catalyst is usually one of the most important parameters for the selection and design of catalysts for catalytic pyrolysis of 1‐pentene. Here, seven catalysts with similar pore properties and different acid properties were evaluated and characterized in terms of three key properties: Total acid amount (TA), Brønsted to Lewis acid ratio (B/L), and strong to weak acid ratio (S/W). A database of the stoichiometric coefficients of 26 pyrolysis products was constructed. Then, a novel catalyst acid property‐included global reaction modeling method was developed, which was used to predict the yields of the 26 pyrolysis products. Besides, a suitable range of TA, B/L, and S/W was obtained for enhancing ethylene and propylene. The model thus can predict the product composition, and be used for the design and selection of the acid properties of catalysts. This simulation method can also be extended to other hydrocarbon systems.
Body norms, body image, and media in a market‐integrating indigenous population in Argentina: A mixed‐methods investigation
Authors: Daiy Katherine , Frieson Tomeka , Palacio‐Londono Laura , Barnes Ivana , Olmedo Sofia , Aranda Pedro , Cirigliano Florencia , Valeggia Claudia
Published: October 2022

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between media, body norms, and body image among the Qom, a market‐integrating indigenous population in Argentina that has historically idealized larger body sizes.

Methods

With men and women (n = 87), we measured frequency of media/technology use through a Likert‐type questionnaire. Using the Stunkard Figure Rating Scale, we asked participants to select the most healthy and ideal body size for their gender, as well as their own body size. We calculated body dissatisfaction as the difference between ideal and own body size. We conducted semi‐structured interviews to describe the role of media in body norms and body image.

Results

Media exposure was not significantly associated with perceptions of the “healthiest” or most “ideal” body sizes, nor body dissatisfaction. Men and women perceived categorically “middle‐range” body sizes as both healthy and ideal, differing from a similar study in 2010, where larger bodies were favored. Interviews revealed that: media is not recognized as affecting body norms and body image, but is conceptually associated with cultural loss (Theme 1); a “dual stigma” of fatness and thinness is perpetuated by peers, family, and healthcare providers (Theme 2); and body acceptance is highly valued (Theme 3).

Conclusion

In this context, while some body norms have changed over time, the impact of media on body norms and image may be secondary to influences from individuals' social networks, and may be occluded by norms favoring body acceptance.
The influence of somatic maturity on the relationship between the triglyceride/high‐density lipoprotein ratio and vascular health in children and adolescents with dyslipidemia
Authors: Talluri Rachna , Sherman Ashley K. , Goth Natalie , Simpson Kayla , Kuzava Laura , Raghuveer Geetha , White David A.
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Both the triglyceride to HDL cholesterol (TG/HDL) ratio and timing of pubertal maturation have been identified as independent contributors to the development of atherosclerosis.

Objective

The purpose of our study was to determine the relationship between the TG/HDL ratio and measures of vascular health in children and adolescents with dyslipidemia stratified by somatic maturity. We hypothesized that somatic maturity would have a significant interaction with TG/HDL ratio and vascular health.

Methods

This was a longitudinal analysis of 120 children and adolescents (age 8–14 years) with dyslipidemia recruited from a pediatric preventive cardiology clinic. At baseline and each follow‐up visit, a non‐fasting serum lipid panel was collected and vascular health (carotid artery intima‐‐media thickness, pulse wave velocity, augmentation index) was assessed. Peak height velocity (PHV) was calculated at each visit, and participants were stratified into groups by maturity offset (pre‐PHV, mid‐PHV, post‐PHV). A mixed model design permitted baseline and follow‐up visits to be classified as discrete data points.

Results

Of the n = 235 data points (pre‐PHV = 23%, mid‐PHV = 19%, and post‐PHV = 58%), we identified no significant interaction between TG/HDL ratio, maturity offset, and measures of vascular structure or function. There was also no significant relationship found between TG/HDL and maturity group. Within the mid‐pubertal group, there was weak relationship found between TG/HDL and augmentation index.

Conclusion

Despite the well‐described relationship between early pubertal maturation and development of cardiovascular risk factors in adulthood, we found that vascular damage resulting from an elevated TG/HDL ratio is not independently associated with somatic maturity.
Expansion of the Catalytic Repertoire of Alcohol Dehydrogenases in Plant Metabolism**
Authors: Langley Chloe , Tatsis Evangelos , Hong Benke , Nakamura Yoko , Paetz Christian , Stevenson Clare E. M. , Basquin Jerome , Lawson David M. , Caputi Lorenzo , O'Connor Sarah E.
Published: October 2022

Medium‐chain alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) comprise a highly conserved enzyme family that catalyse the reversible reduction of aldehydes. However, recent discoveries in plant natural product biosynthesis suggest that the catalytic repertoire of ADHs has been expanded. Here we report the crystal structure of dihydroprecondylocarpine acetate synthase (DPAS), an ADH that catalyses the non‐canonical 1,4‐reduction of an α,β‐unsaturated iminium moiety. Comparison with structures of plant‐derived ADHs suggest the 1,4‐iminium reduction does not require a proton relay or the presence of a catalytic zinc ion in contrast to canonical 1,2‐aldehyde reducing ADHs that require the catalytic zinc and a proton relay. Furthermore, ADHs that catalysed 1,2‐iminium reduction required the presence of the catalytic zinc and the loss of the proton relay. This suggests how the ADH active site can be modified to perform atypical carbonyl reductions, providing insight into how chemical reactions are diversified in plant metabolism.
Isolierung und Charakterisierung der homoleptischen NiI und NiII Bis(Benzol)‐Sandwich Kationen
Authors: Schmitt Manuel , Mayländer Maximilian , Heizmann Tim , Richert Sabine , Bülow Christine , Hirsch Konstantin , Zamudio‐Bayer Vicente , Lau J. Tobias , Krossing Ingo
Published: October 2022

Ein stabiles Salz des in der kondensierten Phase bisher unbekannten Metalloradikals [Ni(C6H6)2]+ wurde aus [Ni(CO)4]+[WCA]− und Benzol synthetisiert ([WCA]−=[F{Al(ORF)3}2]−; RF=C(CF3)3). Die Kristallstruktur zeigt eine bemerkenswerte asymmetrische η3,η6‐Sandwich‐Struktur. Die magnetischen Eigenschaften des [Ni(C6H6)2]+‐Kations wurden in Lösung und in der Gasphase untersucht. Die Oxidation mit dem synergistischen Ag+/0.5 l2‐System führte zu dem Salz [Ni(C6H6)2]2+([WCA]−)2. Alle Produkte wurden mittels IR, Raman, NMR/EPR, Einkristall‐ und Pulver‐XRD vollständig charakterisiert.
Controlling Intermolecular Interaction and Interphase Chemistry Enabled Sustainable Water‐tolerance LiMn2O4||Li4Ti5O12 Batteries
Authors: Li Qin , Yang Chongyin , Zhang Jiaxun , Ji Xiao , Xu Jijian , He Xinzi , Chen Long , Hou Singyuk , Uddin Jasim , Addison Dan , Sun Dalin , Wang Chunsheng , Wang Fei
Published: October 2022

Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and H2O activity reduction in Water‐in‐Salt electrolytes (WiSE) with an enlarged stability window of 3.0 V have provided the feasibility of the high‐energy‐density aqueous Li‐ion batteries. Here, we extend the cathodic potential of WiSE by rationally controlling intermolecular interaction and interphase chemistry with the introduction of trimethyl phosphate (TMP) into WiSE. The TMP not merely limits the H2O activity via the strong interaction between TMP and H2O but also contributes to the formation of reinforced SEI involving phosphate and LiF by manipulating the Li+ solvation structure. Thus, water‐tolerance LiMn2O4 (LMO)||Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) full cell with a P/N ratio of 1.14 can be assembled and achieve a long cycling life of 1000 times with high coulombic efficiency of >99.9 %. This work provides a promising insight into the cost‐effective practical manufacture of LMO||LTO cells without rigorous moisture‐free requirements.