bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Providing mental healthcare through faith-based entities in Africa: a systematic review
Authors: Nanji Nadine , Olivier Jill
Published: February 2024

Background: Psychological disturbances and mental illnesses are prevalent on the continent of Africa. There are shortages of mental health services and a lack of quality providers with limited training and supervision. It is perceived that faith-based entities for psycho-emotional health and wellbeing are filling the gap with positive impact. However, the risks associated with unconventional or extreme spiritual practices will be evaluated. The contributions of these entities, their roles in the global and African health system, and their implications for community development and policy making are highlighted.
Methods: A mixed-methods systematic review was conducted in two phases to synthesise qualitative and quantitative data. The review sought evidence on faith-based health providers of mental health services in Africa looking at types, magnitude, and quality and included both peer-reviewed and grey literature published between 2007 and 2024 in English. A narrative thematic analysis was used for the qualitative part and meta-analyses was used for the quantitative part to back up the narrative element of this study.
Results: This review identified 55 relevant items from 13 African countries. The results showed that faith-based, mental-health providers deliver a range of six types of alternative mental healthcare, faith-based, home care, and faith-based, biomedical, mental healthcare. The magnitude of these faith-based, mental health services were considered according to frequency of use and availability (accessibility, affordability, and acceptability), however evidence was limited. When the quality of the mental healthcare was assessed, some studies showed positive mental health outcomes from the utilisation of faith-based, mental healthcare, but some studies revealed bad quality practices due to harmful treatment.
Conclusion: There are limitations regarding the vast array of faith-based, health providers and the mental healthcare they provide which include harmful practices used in Africa. Training interventions are needed to avoid harmful treatment. Faith-based, mental healthcare offers culturally influenced practices for mental-health which should be leveraged. Integration of faith-based, mental healthcare into any primary, health system is advised in order to attain universal health coverage. Finally, possible regulation of traditional and faith healing methods for emotional struggles could be implemented at a policy level.
Antecedents, Authenticity and Adaptation in the Nineteenth-century Kitchen
Authors: Perkins Blake
Published: February 2024

This articles explores why following the Civil War, middle- and upper-class Mobilians established new rituals masquerading as manifestations of an imagined colonial heritage and formed fluid new élites in response to the stark uncertainties of Reconstruction and the New South. Unlike Atlanta or Nashville, however, Mobile rejected the economic opportunities embodied by railroad and factory for the duration of the nineteenth century. The city remained bound to a past in another way as well. Gulf City indicates that middle- to upperclass Mobilians beset by defeat, decline, depression, dislocation and downward mobility in the second half of the nineteenth century for the most part clung to the comfort of a cuisine that appears nearly colonial in origin.
Rebecca Earle: The Body of the Conquistador. Food, Race and the Colonial Experience in Spanish America, 1492-1700
Authors: Hayward Vicky
Published: February 2024

Rebecca Earle: The Body of the Conquistador. Food, Race and the Colonial Experience in Spanish America, 1492-1700: Cambridge University Press, 2013: 278 pp., paperback, £21.99.
Sam Bilton: Fool's Gold - A History of British Saffron
Authors: Murrell Di
Published: February 2024

Sam Bilton: Fool's Gold - A History of British Saffron: Prospect Books, 2022: 256 pp., paperback, £20.00.
Celebrating with Altamiras
Authors: Hayward Vicky
Published: February 2024

This article looks at the New Art of Cookery, Drawn from the School of Economic Experience by Juan Altamiras (1745) and in particular, at recipes intended for celebratory occasions where this innovation Franciscan friar often advocated the use of humble ingredients or techniques borrowed from Spain's outlawed religious minorities, Muslims and Jews.
Fuschia Dunlop: Every Grain of Rice: Simple Chinese Home Cooking
Authors: Harris Tim
Published: February 2024

Fuschia Dunlop: Every Grain of Rice: Simple Chinese Home Cooking: Bloomsbury, 2012: 352 pp., hardback: £25.00.
Assessing the corrosion protection of 8-hydroxyquinoline-cerium (iii) complex for carbon steel in a NaCl solution
Authors: Nguyen Anh Son , Nguyen Thuy Duong , To Thi Xuan Hang , Vuong Thi Vy Anh , Pham Thu Thuy , Thai Thu Thuy , Trinh Anh Truc , Pébère Nadine
Published: February 2024

In the present study, a complex between 8-hydroxyquinoline and cerium (III) (Ce-HQ) was synthesized in the presence of triethylamine. Afterwards, the complex was characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). The inhibition efficiency of the Ce-HQ complex for the corrosion of carbon steel, evaluated by both Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Potentiodynamic Polarization (PP) plots, reached 90 % after 2 h of immersion in a 0.01 M NaCl solution. Then, EIS measurements were carried out to evaluate the effect of the Ce-HQ complex, as inhibitive pigment, after incorporation in a waterborne epoxy coating applied over carbon steel plate. The total resistance (Rtotal) of the coated sample containing the Ce-HQ complex was higher (3.6 x 107 Ω cm2), after 35 days of exposure in a 0.5 M NaCl solution than the values obtained for the coating without Ce-HQ. The results showed that the EP/Ce-HQ coating provided not only corrosion protection by the Ce (III) ions and 8HQ release at the metal/coating interface, but also improved the barrier properties. This work proposed a new type of inhibitive pigments which can be used to develop effective coatings for corrosion protection.
Short-Term Outcomes of Simultaneous Inguinal Hernia Repair at Laparoscopic Appendectomy in Children: Cohort Study
Authors: Gavrilyuk Vasily P. , Severinov Dmitry A. , Zubkova Yulia A.
Published: February 2024

Background. Nowadays, simultaneous techniques have been widely adopted in abdominal pediatric surgery as they allow to perform surgical interventions for several diseases at the same time. However, the safety of such interventions requires further studies. Objective. The aim of the study is to analyze the short-term outcomes of simultaneous hernia repair in laparoscopic appendectomy in children. Methods. The study included data from patients hospitalized with suspected acute appendicitis in 2022–2023. The study group included children operated for acute appendicitis and who had signs of patent processus vaginalis. Percutaneous internal ring suturing (PIRS) was performed in all cases. The control group (no indirect inguinal hernia was revealed) was formed by pairwise matching of patients by gender, age (± 1 year), and appendicitis type. The surgery time, the blood loss volume, the beginning of enteral feeding, and the presence of postoperative complications were analyzed. Results. The compared groups (13 individuals each) were comparable in gender (38% boys), age (median age about 10 years), and appendicitis type (catarrhal — 31%, phlegmonous — 38%, gangrenous — 31%), and white cell count at admission, presence of serous exudate and omentum changes revealed during surgery. The beginning of enteral feeding, the stool, as well as total duration of hospital stay after surgery did not differ in two groups. Moreover, both groups were comparable in terms of surgery duration, intraoperative blood loss volume, pain syndrome severity. No pyo-inflammatory complications of abdominal cavity or postoperative wounds were revealed during the hospital stay. Conclusion. Simultaneous hernia repair via PIRS method is effective and safe method of surgical management of pediatric patients with combination of acute appendicitis and inguinal hernia.
Contribution of ticagrelor therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome and patients with myocardial infarction to the achievement of State Program "Health Development" target in Russia as a whole and Russian regions in 2023-2025
Authors: Zhuravleva M. V. , Zyryanov S. K. , Paleev F. N. , Yakovlev A. N. , Gagarina Yu. V. , Marin T. V.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To evaluate the contribution ticagrelor compared with clopidogrel therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and patients with myocardial infarction (MI) to achieving the State Program "Health Development" target "decrease of cardiovascular mortality" in the country as a whole and Russian regions in 2023-2025.

Material and methods. In the first year of therapy, all patients over 18 years of age with a confirmed diagnosis of ACS who were indicated for dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) were considered as the target population. In the second and third years, therapy was continued by patients at high risk of coronary events after MI. The number of deaths that could be additionally prevented within 1 year after diagnosis using DAPT with ticagrelor compared with DAPT with clopidogrel was calculated based on the PLATO trial. For post-MI patients, the number of deaths that could be prevented in the second and third years of therapy using DAPT with ticagrelor+acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) compared with ASA monotherapy was calculated based on the PEGASUS trial. The proportion of the target "decrease of cardiovascular mortality of the population" in 2023-2025 that can be achieved by using DAPT with ticagrelor instead of clopidogrel or ASA monotherapy was calculated.

Results. The use of ticagrelor as part of DAPT for patients with ACS will make it possible (compared to DAPT with clopidogrel or ASA) to contribute to achieving "decrease of cardiovascular mortality" target in the Russian Federation:

in 2023 — 8,0% due to expected prevention of 4443 cardiovascular deaths,in 2024 — 30,3% due to expected prevention of 4753 cardiovascular deaths,in 2025, 5366 cardiovascular deaths can be

 

Conclusion. The use of ticagrelor as part of DAPT for patients with ACS will contribute to achieving "decrease of cardiovascular mortality" target in the Russian Federation.
Diagnostic value of non-invasive indicators of myocardial function in patients after myocardial infarction
Authors: Oleynikov V. E. , Shcherbinina A. V. , Golubeva A. V. , Galimskaya V. A. , Vershinina O. D.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To study the diagnostic value of myocardial function parameters to assess their predictive ability in relation to left ventricular (LV) global contractility in patients after myocardial infarction (MI).

Material and methods. The final analysis included 97 patients with MI aged 55,9±8,6 years. We performed standard two-dimensional echocardiography and speckle tracking echocardiography with analysis of following myocardial function parameters: global work index (GlobalWI, mm Hg %); global constructive work (GlobalCW, mm Hg %); global wasted work (GlobalWW, mm Hg %); global work efficiency (GlobalWE). The probability of ejection fraction (EF) reduction was analyzed using ROC curves using three criteria. The function parameters with the maximum sum of sensitivity and specificity were selected as the cut-off point.

Results. On days 7-9 after MI, depending on the EF, patients were divided into 3 groups: "REF" — patients with EF <40%); "MREF" — with EF from 40 to 49%, and "PEF" — patients with EF ³50%. By the 24th week, GlobalWI increased by 23% in the PEF group and by 33% in the MREF group. In the REF group, there was a gradual decrease in GlobalWI until the end of the study. In the PEF group, GlobalCW increased by 21% by week 24. By the end of follow-up, an increase in GlobalWW of 15% was observed in the REF group. GlobalWI, GlobalCW and GlobalWW were found to have the highest sensitivity values (60%) for reduced EF, ranging from 4049% at 24 weeks from the index event. GlobalWW had the highest specificity value (80%). With regard to a decrease in EF <40% by week 24, the GlobalWW had the highest sensitivity (50%) and specificity (70%).

Conclusion. Parameters of myocardial function have diagnostic and prognostic value for assessing LV systolic function after MI. Already in the acute period, myocardial function parameters can be used to determine the risk of decreased LV global contractility.
Galectin-3 and structural and functional left ventricular characteristics in coronary artery disease in combination with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Fateev S. S. , Oranzhereeva V. N. , Fedulov V. K. , Kovalenko E. V. , Markova L. I. , Belaya O. L.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To evaluate the relationship between the level of galectin-3 (Gal-3) and left ventricular (LV) structural and functional characteristics in coronary artery disease (CAD) with NYHA class I-III heart failure (HF) with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Material and methods. We examined 120 patients (men — 68,3%) with coronary artery disease and class I-III HF, divided into 3 groups: group 1 — patients without T2D and CKD (n=40), group 2 — with CKD without T2D (n=40), group 3 — with T2D and CKD (n=40). The Gal-3 level was determined using the enzyme immunoassay, and LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) was determined using the speckle tracking method.

Results. In patients with coronary artery disease and CKD, including T2D, Gal-3 was higher (p=0,048) (in group 1 — 12,55 [10,60;23,05], in group 2 — 16,60 [11,75;23,95], in group 3 — 16,90 [11,90;25,15] ng/ ml) and more closely correlated with volume parameters, LV ejection fraction and the ratio of early diastolic transmitral flow velocity to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/e'). Grade 2 diastolic dysfunction (DD) in group 1 was in 10%, in group 2 — in 47,5%, in group 3 — in 60% of patients. The groups did not differ in GLS (p=0,087).

Conclusion. An increase in Gal-3 concentration with worsening HF and correlations between the biomarker level and volume parameters, LV mass index, LV ejection fraction, GLS and diastolic dysfunction indicate its important role in the development of myocardial remodeling and fibrosis.
Has COVID-19 affected regional mortality from acute coronary artery disease? (comparison of two periods of 2017-2019 and 2020-2022)
Authors: Samorodskaya I. V. , Bubnova M. G. , Akulova O. A.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To assess the changes of mortality from acute coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Russian regions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020-2022 in comparison with the prepandemic period (2017-2019).

Material and methods. Rosstat data on the average annual population and mortality rate in one-year age groups for 82 regions Russian were used. In the brief Nomenclature of Causes of Death of Rosstat, the codes of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) are grouped as follows: I21.0-9 (acute primary) myocardial infarction (MI), I22.0-9 (recurrent MI), I20, I24.1-9 (other types of acute coronary artery disease), U07.1 and U07.2 (coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)). The regional average standardized mortality rates (SMR; M±SD) were calculated using the European population standard using the direct standardization method per 100 thousand population. Comparisons were made using the nonparametric Wilcoxon t-test (differences were considered significant at p<0,05).

Results. A decrease in the regional average SMR (per 100 thousand population) in the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period was revealed: from the sum of all acute CAD types — from 51,24±31,98 to 50,21±33,38 and from repeated MI — from 7,65±5,42 to 4,80±4,84; increase in SMR from acute MI — from 24,00±10,1 to 25,57±11,55, from other acute CAD types — from 19,58±25,23 to 19,83±26,21. Significant regional variability was noted in both the dynamics of the SMR from three acute CAD types, as well as the minimum and maximum SMR. Only in 2 regions in the pandemic period there was an increase in SMR from each of the three acute CAD types compared to the pre-pandemic period. In 18 regions, there was a decrease in SMR from each of the three forms, and in the rest, multidirectional changes were noted. There was no correlation between SMR for COVID-19 and SMR for acute CAD (r=0,034; p=0,76).

Conclusion. The COVID-19 pandemic did not have a significant impact on the regional average SMR from acute CAD. The significant decrease in SMR from recurrent MI is likely due to choice of the initial cause of death.
Is meta-analysis the "top of the evidence pyramid" in cardiology?
Authors: Martsevich S. Yu.
Published: February 2024

The author comments on the significance and place of meta-analyses in modern evidence-based medicine, primarily in cardiology. The history of meta-analyses is briefly described. The main limitations of meta-analyses are reviewed. Examples are given where meta-analyses on the same problem had directly opposite results. The importance of meta-analyses in identifying side effects of drugs is discussed. The possibility of manipulating the results of meta-analyses is demonstrated. The significance of meta-analyses is currently being assessed through the example of the coronavirus pandemic, when different meta-analyses assessed the effectiveness and safety of the same drugs differently.

The author concludes that meta-analyses should be excluded from level I evidence and given a more modest role in the hierarchy of evidence.
Technological prospecting of patents related to monitoring accidents due to falls in hospitals
Authors: Alves Renata Camargo , Colichi Rosana Maria Barreto , Lima Silvana Andrea Molina
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objectives: to map the production of technologies aimed at monitoring falls in a hospital environment protected by registered patents. Methods: a technological prospecting of international patents, with a quantitative approach, with search carried out between February and March 2022 in the Derwent Innovations Index database with descriptors fall, hospital, monitoring. Results: 212 patents were found, with the majority filed and published since 2010, by Tran B (9) and Cerner Innovation Inc (9), focused on health technology. Universities were responsible for 13% of deposits. There was a predominance of records from the United States (43.4%), China (21.7%) and Japan (12.3%), in addition to technological strategies classified as devices for the environment (80.7%) and for preventing falls (66.5%) as well as trend towards resources with multiple functionalities in the same technology. Conclusions: the plurality of functions in the same device reflects the search for optimizing resources and the concern with comprehensive care.
Evidence of intrauterine device insertion by nurses in Primary Health Care: an integrative review
Authors: Oliveira Lays Souza de , Hermida Patrícia Madalena Vieira , Siqueira Elizimara Ferreira , Arma Juliana Cipriano Braga Silva de , Thomas Larissa Scheeren , Dalmolin Indiara Sartori
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objectives: to synthesize and analyze evidence on intrauterine device insertion by nurses in Primary Health Care. Methods: an integrative review, carried out in the BDENF, CINAHL, LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science databases in June 2022, delimiting the period from 1960 to 2022. Results: 141 articles were identified in the initial search, and 10 studies made up the final sample. Four (40%) were developed in the United States and one (10%) in Brazil, with publications from 1979 to 2021. The findings were grouped into three categories: Nurse training to insert an intrauterine device; Nurses’ competency to insert an intrauterine device; and Women’s access to intrauterine devices. Conclusions: nurse theoretical and practical training is a prominent element, consolidated in the favorable outcomes of insertions performed by nurses and satisfaction among women, a practice that has expanded access to the contraceptive method in Primary Health Care.
Artificial intelligence to predict bed bath time in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Toledo Luana Vieira , Bhering Leonardo Lopes , Ercole Flávia Falci
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objectives: to assess the predictive performance of different artificial intelligence algorithms to estimate bed bath execution time in critically ill patients. Methods: a methodological study, which used artificial intelligence algorithms to predict bed bath time in critically ill patients. The results of multiple regression models, multilayer perceptron neural networks and radial basis function, decision tree and random forest were analyzed. Results: among the models assessed, the neural network model with a radial basis function, containing 13 neurons in the hidden layer, presented the best predictive performance to estimate the bed bath execution time. In data validation, the squared correlation between the predicted values and the original values was 62.3%. Conclusions: the neural network model with radial basis function showed better predictive performance to estimate bed bath execution time in critically ill patients.
Inteligência artificial para predição do tempo de banho no leito em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Toledo Luana Vieira , Bhering Leonardo Lopes , Ercole Flávia Falci
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a performance preditiva de diferentes algoritmos de inteligência artificial para estimar o tempo de execução do banho no leito em pacientes críticos. Métodos: estudo metodológico, que utilizou algoritmos de inteligência artificial para predizer o tempo de banho no leito em pacientes críticos. Foram analisados os resultados dos modelos de regressão múltipla, redes neurais perceptron multicamadas e função de base radial, árvore de decisão e random forest. Resultados: entre os modelos avaliados, o modelo de rede neural com função de base radial, contendo 13 neurônios na camada oculta, apresentou melhor performance preditiva para estimar o tempo de execução do banho no leito. Na validação dos dados, o quadrado da correlação entre os valores preditos e os valores originais foi de 62,3%. Conclusões: o modelo de rede neural com função de base radial apresentou melhor performance preditiva para estimar o tempo de execução do banho no leito em pacientes críticos.
Practice of immersion in hot water to relieve pain in neonatology: an integrative review
Authors: Souza Danton Matheus de , Yamamoto Maria Eduarda Pires , Carvalho Joese Aparecida , Rocha Vanderlei Amadeu da , Fogaça Vanessa Dias , Rossato Lisabelle Mariano
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify immersion use in hot water to relieve pain in newborns. Methods: an integrative literature review, carried out in the PubMed, VHL, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane and SciELO databases, with investigations in English, Spanish, French or Portuguese, published between 2002 and 2022. The Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) were used to answer the following question: what are the uses of hot water immersion in relieving pain in newborns? Results: nine studies were included, mainly Brazilian, experimental, with a predominance of strong and moderate levels of evidence. Hydrotherapy and bath use (immersion and bandaging) was observed, promising interventions in reducing pain scores, assessed using scales, physiological and endocrine parameters. Conclusions: hot water proved to be a promising non-pharmacological intervention in relieving pain in infants in different contexts.
Prática da imersão em água quente no alívio da dor em neonatologia: revisão integrativa
Authors: Souza Danton Matheus de , Yamamoto Maria Eduarda Pires , Carvalho Joese Aparecida , Rocha Vanderlei Amadeu da , Fogaça Vanessa Dias , Rossato Lisabelle Mariano
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar o emprego da imersão em água quente no alívio da dor em neonatos. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, BVS, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane e SciELO, com investigações em inglês, espanhol, francês ou português, publicadas entre 2002 e 2022. Foram utilizados os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) e Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) para responder à seguinte inquietação: quais são os empregos da imersão em água quente no alívio da dor em neonatos? Resultados: foram incluídos nove estudos, principalmente brasileiros, experimentais, predominando o nível de evidência forte e moderada. Foram observados o emprego da hidroterapia e banhos (imersão e enfaixado), intervenções promissoras na redução do escore álgico, avaliados por meio de escalas, parâmetros fisiológicos e endócrinos. Conclusões: a água quente se mostrou uma intervenção não farmacológica promissora no alívio da dor de neonatos em diferentes contextos.
Callusing soil of grafted grape cuttings as a positive feature for climate change
Authors: Abdel-Mohsen Mohamed Abdel-Aziz , Rashedy Ahmed AbdelHady
Published: February 2024

Abstract Nowadays, some relative warming temperatures related to climate change may be provided at the grafting time. Therefore, this study was conducted during two seasons (2018-2019) to study the effect of three callusing method (callusing room, callusing soil, callusing tunnel) and four grafting date (15 Jan., 1Feb., 15 Feb., 1 Mar.) for early (Flame seedless), medium (Thompson seedless) and late (Crimson seedless) grape varieties on grafted grape cuttings as short methods for transplant production. The results indicated that, the early grapes variety achieved higher grafting success on 1st Feb. grafting date as well as the late grape variety in callusing room and callusing soil methods. Also, Callusing soil achieved grafted success by 72.9%, 68.55% and 77.94% compared to callusing tunnel 37.3%, 45.9% and 55% for Flame seedless, Thompson seedless and Crimson seedless, respectively as mean of both seasons. High grafting success resulted from the high content of indole and sugars, along with low phenol content before callusing stage, as well as high indole and low sugars of grafts partner after callusing stage. while, higher phenols was accumulated in rootstock after callusing stage. There is no antagonistic effect between grafts partners. Callusing soil may be considered as an eco-friendly, sustainable and cheaper alternative tool for callusing of grafts cuttings.
‘Ataulfo’ mango maturity index prediction using the AS7262 spectral sensor
Authors: Cano David Vargas , Schlam Federico Félix Hahn , de la O José Luis Rodríguez , Priego Alejandro Facundo Barrientos
Published: February 2024

Abstract ‘Ataulfo’ mango is highly produced in Mexico, being harvested when it reaches its physiological maturity. This process takes at least another month for the fruit to reach consumption maturity. Warehouses and markets present important losses as the ready-to-eat status is unknown. Maturity status is determined by measuring slow and destructive physicochemical variables. An optical device based on the AS7262 spectral sensor was connected to the ESP32 microcontroller and measurements were correlated with soluble solids content (SSC), dry matter (DM) and firmness of mangoes obtained from the local market. Data analysis was carried out by partial least squares (PLS) regression, classification, regression tree (CART) and random forest (RF) models. With PLS, SST and firmness were predicted with R2 of 0.61 and 0.76, respectively. The root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) was 0.91 for SSC and 0.67 for firmness. With the CART model, classification accuracy was 90% for SSC and 87% for firmness of intact mango fruits.
Primary health care organization in municipalities of São Paulo, Brazil: a model of care aligned with the Brazilian Unified National Health System’s guidelines
Authors: Castanheira Elen Rose Lodeiro , Duarte Lígia Schiavon , Viana Mônica Martins de Oliveira , Nunes Luceime Olívia , Zarili Thais Fernanda Tortorelli , Mendonça Carolina Siqueira , Sanine Patricia Rodrigues
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This study analyzes the main organization patterns used by primary health care (PHC) services in municipal networks and evaluates them according to indicators of local management-administration interface. Evaluative research analyzed 461 municipalities in São Paulo, Brazil, that participated in the Primary Care Services Quality Assessment Survey (QualiAB) in 2017/2018, classified according to the organizational arrangements composition of 2,472 PHC services. Eight indicators of local management and administration were selected to evaluate the identified patterns. Results indicate two groups of municipalities: homogeneous, with services presenting the same arrangement (43.6%); and heterogeneous, with different arrangements (56.4%). These were subdivided into seven patterns that ranged from homogeneous-traditional, homogeneous-Family Health Strategy, homogeneous-mixed, and different combinations in the heterogeneous group. All indicators showed significant differences between groups (p < 0.001), especially the homogeneous-traditional group, which presented an organizational pattern far from the desired model of a comprehensive and problem-solving PHC. Those integrated with family health units (FHU) and basic health units with community health workers and/or family health teams (BHU/FHU) showed a pattern closer to a comprehensive model - with planning and evaluation actions committed to the local reality and qualification of care. Implementation of federal and state policies are essential for defining the PHC health care model adopted by municipalities.
Impact of cycling and walking on adiposity and healthcare costs among adults: longitudinal study
Authors: Orbolato Rafael , Fernandes Rômulo Araújo , Turi-Lynch Bruna Camilo , Araujo Monique Yndawe Castanho , Ferro Izabela dos Santos , Gobbo Luis Alberto , Zanuto Everton Alex Carvalho , Codogno Jamile Sanches
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Leisure-time physical activity seems relevant to prevent the development of chronic diseases and obesity. However, not much is known about the economic burden of these healthy behaviors, mainly in longitudinal designs. This study aimed to analyze the impact of walking and cycling on leisure-time on adiposity and healthcare costs among adults. This longitudinal study was conducted at a medium-size Brazilian city and included 198 participants with no missing data attended in the Brazilian Unified National Health System. Cycling and walking were assessed by a questionnaire with a face-to-face interview at four time-points (baseline, 6-month, 12-month, and 18-month). Healthcare costs were assessed using medical records. Adiposity markers included waist circumference and body fatness. Over the follow-up period, participants who were more engaged in cycling presented lower body fatness (p-value = 0.028) and healthcare costs (p-value = 0.038). However, in the multivariate model, the impact of cycling on costs was not significant (p-value = 0.507) due to the impact of number of chronic diseases (p-value = 0.001). Cycling on leisure-time is inversely related to adiposity in adults, whereas its role on preventing chronic diseases seems the main pathway linking it to cost mitigation.
Organização da atenção primária à saúde de municípios de São Paulo, Brasil: modelo de atenção e coerência com as diretrizes do Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Castanheira Elen Rose Lodeiro , Duarte Lígia Schiavon , Viana Mônica Martins de Oliveira , Nunes Luceime Olívia , Zarili Thais Fernanda Tortorelli , Mendonça Carolina Siqueira , Sanine Patricia Rodrigues
Published: February 2024

Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os principais padrões de organização das redes municipais de serviços de atenção primária à saúde (APS) e avaliá-los segundo os indicadores de interface entre gestão e gerenciamento local. Trata-se de pesquisa avaliativa que analisou 461 municípios de São Paulo, Brasil, que participaram do Inquérito de Avaliação da Qualidade de Serviços de Atenção Básica (QualiAB) em 2017/2018, classificados segundo a composição dos arranjos organizacionais de 2.472 serviços de APS. Para avaliar os padrões identificados, foram selecionados oito indicadores de gestão e gerenciamento local. Os resultados apontam dois grupos de municípios: homogêneos, com serviços de um mesmo arranjo (43,6%); e heterogêneos, com diferentes arranjos (56,4%). Os grupos foram subdivididos em sete padrões que variaram entre homogêneo-tradicional, homogêneo-Estratégia Saúde da Família, homogêneo-misto e diferentes combinações no grupo heterogêneo. Todos os indicadores apontaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos (p < 0,001), com destaque para o grupo homogêneo-tradicional, com padrão organizacional distante do modelo desejado para uma APS abrangente e resolutiva, enquanto aqueles com unidades de saúde da família (USF), e com unidades básicas com agentes comunitários de saúde e/ou equipes de saúde da família (UBS/USF) demonstraram um padrão mais aproximado desse modelo - com ações de planejamento e avaliação comprometidos com a realidade local e com a qualificação do trabalho. Discute-se a importância das políticas implementadas pela gestão federal e estadual e seu poder de indução na definição do modelo de atenção à saúde na APS dos municípios.
Characterization of bergamot essential oil: chemical, microbiological and colloidal aspects
Authors: Cordeiro K. C. , Scaffo J. , Flexa B. N. , Gama C. C. A. , Ferreira M. A. , Cruz R. A. S. , Aguiar-Alves F. , Rocha L. , Machado F. P. , Fernandes C. P.
Published: February 2024

Abstract Citrus bergamia is a citric species known as bergamot. The species is widely used due to its derivatives, such as juices, extracts, and essential oil. Specifically, the bergamot essential oil (BEO) is of great interest, with a chemical composition rich in terpenes and esters. Considering its chemical composition, bioactivity, and great economic potential, the characterization of BEO should be studied. However, this essential oil is almost unexplored in terms of a characterization associated with colloids. Chemical characterization was carried out by gas-chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer and by gas-chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was carried out to confirm the bioactivity of this important essential oil. Dynamic light scattering analysis was performed to create a pattern of droplet size distribution of BEO. Major compounds of BEO were linalyl acetate, limonene, and linalool. The BEO was active against E. coli and presented a MIC value of 2.000 µg/mL, while values of MIC and MBC higher than 2.000 µg/mL were observed for S. aureus. The dynamic light scattering analysis revealed a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 65.7 ± 2.2 nm. After a 1:10 dilution it was observed reduction of mean diameter and enhancement of the percentagem of low size droplets, resepctively 44.1 ± 1.2 nm and 14.5 ± 0.5 nm (28.8 ± 1.2%). Higher droplets and reduced polydispersity index were observed after 1:100 dilution. In the present study, the chemical characterization was in accordance with the species, as the characteristic chemical markers of the species were found. Moreover, it has presented antibacterial activity as expected for the BEO. The analysis of the colloid showed a pattern of droplet size distribution following the Ostwald ripening mechanism after dilution.
Maturation and antioxidant activity of 'Giombo' and 'Rama Forte' persimmons produced in the Brazilian semiarid
Authors: Barbosa M. C. F. , Morais M. A. S. , Melo M. F. , Souza P. A. , Sarmento J. D. A. , Morais P. L. D.
Published: February 2024

Abstract The objective of this work was characterizing persimmons of the 'Giombo' and 'Rama Forte' cultivars harvested at different ripening stages in the Brazilian semiarid. Fruits were harvested at three ripening stages – green, semi-ripe and ripe – then evaluated for the following characteristics: fruit weight and diameter, skin and pulp color, fruit firmness, pulp pH, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, SSC/TA ratio, total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, astringency index, and the contents of tannin, vitamin C, carotenoid, β-carotene, and total extractable polyphenols. Also, total antioxidant activity by the DPPH and ABTS methods and pectin methylesterase, and polygalacturonase enzyme activities were evaluated. Two experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design, one for each cultivar, with treatments consisting of different stages of maturation, with five replications of three fruits each. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and the differences between the means were compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability. Fruit firmness and soluble solids content did not vary between maturation stages for any of the cultivars. However, the skin color index increased with advancing maturation for both 'Giombo' and 'Rama Forte'. The astringency index, the content of total extractable polyphenols, soluble tannins and the antioxidant capacity were lower in fruits harvested at the ripe stage, for both cultivars. It can be concluded that persimmons of the 'Giombo' and 'Rama Forte' cultivars present better physicochemical quality characteristics when harvested when ripe, with a totally yellow skin.
Altitudinal distribution and body condition of migratory fish juveniles Megaleporinus obtusidens (Valenciennes) and Salminus brasiliensis (Cuvier) in the main channel of the Uruguay River, Southern Brazil
Authors: Mounic-Silva C. E. , Porto-Ferreira L. S. B. , Nunes M. E. , Zaniboni-Filho E. , Nuñer A. P. O.
Published: February 2024

Abstract In this study, we analyzed the altitudinal distribution and body condition of the juvenile migratory fish Megaleporinus obtusidens and Salminus brasiliensis in the Uruguay River, a South American subtropical river. We used the presence/absence data and condition factor (K) of juveniles as indicators to try to characterize some recruitment patterns of migratory fish in the main channel of the Uruguay River. Gillnet sampling was conducted during two reproductive years, 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 (November and March of each reproductive year), in three Uruguay River stretches at different levels of altitude. The nets remained in the water for 10-12 hours per night or day for 10 days during each field trip (NOV-15, MAR-16, NOV-16, and MAR-17). The abundance of M. obtusidens juveniles were similar between the two reproductive years, whereas S. brasiliensis capture was higher during the 2015-2016 reproductive year. The probability of finding M. obtusidens juveniles in the Uruguay River was negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with the altitudinal gradient of the sampling points, as shown by the GLM model. For S. brasiliensis, the logit model indicated a non-significant probabilistic relationship (p > 0.05) between the presence of juveniles of this fish species and the altitude gradient. Regarding the body condition of juveniles, the water quality of the sampling points did not affect the juvenile condition factor for either species; however, a positive relationship (p < 0.05) was found with the water level for both species, even with an adjusted R2 of 0.13 for M. obtusidens and 0.48 to S. brasiliensis. Altitude gradient and water level were factors that may affect the juvenile distribution and body condition of these species, respectively, in the Uruguay River. Therefore, this information can be used in hydropower generation policies to conserve migratory fish populations in the Uruguay River Basin.
Effect of the partial substitution of mango and ground chia on the antioxidant capacity in the elaboration of nectar based on sachatomate
Authors: Rivera T. J. C. , Mamani M. E. V. , Quille L. Q. , Luque-Vilca O. M. , Yujra E. M. , Ugarte G. A. V. , Carrasco S. M. , Quispe F. H. , Huayapa M. A. C. , Perales L. D. M. , Díaz R. R. I. , Ore-Areche F.
Published: February 2024

Abstract The consumption of products with high nutritional value and antioxidant capacity has increased notably in recent years. Due to health problems such as triglycerides and cardiovascular problems, its use is becoming reduced. So that, chia (Salvia hispánica) and sachatomate (Cyphomandra betacea) have gained interest as an alternative to develop nutraceutical products, compared to conventional products. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of the partial substitution of mango (Mangifera indica) and ground chia (Salvia hispánica) on the antioxidant capacity in the elaboration of nectar based on Sachatomate. The physicochemical characteristics were determined where sample 11 complies with the established parameters: 13.4° Brix, pH 4.323, 0.354 of C6-H8-O7 and viscosity 3967.3 mPas, according to the NTP 203.110 standard. Regarding the antioxidant capacity, sample 12 was the most optimal, according to the DPPH method, it has been determined 104.3 micromoles Trolox equivalents; according to the ABTS method, it was determined with an antioxidant content of 187.4 micromoles Trolox equivalents. Regarding the proximal chemical evaluation, sample 12 was determined to be the most suitable with a moisture percentage of 87.45%, ash 0.32%, crude fiber 0.09%, fat 0.10%, protein 0.45% and carbohydrates 11.59%. Concluding that substituting sachatomate and ground chia significantly influences the antioxidant capacity, increasing to 104.3 and 187.4 micromoles Trolox equivalents, determined by both methods, indicates that nectar consumption can be used to improve the health of consumers.
Demographic structure across all known populations of the rheophyte Dyckia brevifolia Baker (Bromeliaceae) in the Itajaí-Açu River, Southern Brazil
Authors: Rogalski J. M. , Reis M. S. , Reis A.
Published: February 2024

Abstract Understanding the distribution and demographic structure of populations is essential for species conservation. In Brazil, the rheophyte group has been greatly affected by the construction of hydroelectric dams. All know populations of Dyckia brevifolia Baker along Itajaí-Açu River were studied. The plants were classified as seedlings, immature or reproductive rosettes. In addition, the number of dead rosettes, except for seedlings, was determined in five populations of D. brevifolia. The total number of rosettes per population ranged from 273 to 7,185, totaling 30,443 rosettes, and 1,789 seedlings (5.9%). Only 2.4% of rosettes occurred isolated and 97.6% occurred clumped into 2,254 clumps. The number of rosettes per clump ranged from two to 339 rosettes. The percentage of reproductive rosettes per population ranged from 7.8 to 26.7%. The correlation between the number of clumps or between the total number of rosettes and the area of occupation was significant and positive (r = 0.82; P < 0.05). The production of offshoots (1-4) occurred on immature and reproductive rosettes. Dyckia brevifolia has herbivory by Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris (capybara). These rosettes die or often resprout, emitting from 1 to 20 shoots. The populations did not present a pattern of distribution of rosettes in the diametric classes, but in all populations a decrease in the number of rosettes can be observed in the classes with the largest diameter. The small area of occupation (9,185 m2) showed high environmental specificity and vulnerable to habitat loss and environmental changes. Therefore, the maintenance these sites is essential for the long-term conservation of D. brevifolia.
Recruitment and mortality of Rhizophora mangle L. seedlings in the Tropical Southwestern Atlantic mangrove
Authors: Lima K. O. O. , Tognella M. M. P. , Andrade H. A. , Cunha S. R. , Pascoalini S. S. , Martins A. S. , Ghisolfi R. D.
Published: February 2024

Abstract Studies in the long-term recruitment and mortality of mangrove seedlings can help to understand mangrove demography and its relationship with climatic variables, environmental restoration and advances in the ecology of this ecosystem. A seven-year population dynamics study of seedling recruitment and mortality in cohorts of Rhizophora mangle L. was carried out to identify expansion processes and patterns of survival in the understory of mangrove forests on the Atlantic coast of Brazil. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between recruitment and mortality R. mangle seedlings at the population level, salinity, and climatic variables (precipitation, temperature and humidity). On an annual scale, seedling recruitment was positively correlated with mean temperature. Seedling density was negatively correlated with the number of recruits and positively with the number of deaths. The number of recruits was associated with dead seedlings, temperature and precipitation considering a population scale, without grouping the data. The seedling density in the stands increased with the number of dead seedlings. Our findings described the relationship between climate variability (durability and magnitude of the dry/rainy season) and the long-term population dynamics of R. mangle seedlings in a poorly studied region and from what moment, on a monthly and annual time scale, did this relationship become significant and changes occur. The findings of this study provide information on the population dynamics of the species that will help in understanding mangrove demography. These results have important implications for projections about the recruitment and survival of the species thinking about to long-term climate change that will modify current weather patterns and mangrove conservation efforts.
Yield of white clover and orchard grass cultivated in mining passives adding black earth and compost as a substrate
Authors: Yaulilahua-Huacho R. , Salas-Contreras W. H. , Sumarriva-Bustinza L. A. , Rojas-Felipe E. , Contreras-Fernández J. L. , Palomino-Pastrana P. A. , Dueñas-Jurado C. , Ayuque-Rojas J. C. , Valdez Manuel Castrejón , Areche F. O. , Cosco-Salguero G. A.
Published: February 2024

Abstract Mining environmental liabilities generate environmental pollution. The objective of the present study was to determine the yield of white clover (Trifolium repens) and orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata) cultivated in mining environmental passives adding black earth and compost as a substrate in the Buenaventura Julcani Huancavelica Company. The treatments were the combinations: 4: 3.1: 3.1: 3:1.1 kg of RP: RP, TN: RP, C: RP, TN, C respectively. They were distributed in four treatments with twelve experimental units for each species of leguminous and gramineous grass, we worked according to the completely randomized design (DCA) with a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement, the experimental unit being a treatment with twelve repetitions. The variables evaluated were: germination percentage (TG) and stem survival percentage (TST). For the statistical analysis, the SPSS software was used.