bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMASI PEMBUATAN ASAP CAIR DARI SEKAM PADI DAN APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI PUPUK TANAMAN HIDROPONIK
Authors: Jaya Jaka Darma , Zulmi Akhmad , Wahyudi Diky , Kartika Kartika , Wati Herlina , Yuliana Nana , Kholis Nor
Published: September 2019

Kabupaten Tanah Laut merupakan Kabupaten yang kaya akan keunggulan sektor agraris, sektor pertanian dan kehutanan. Kekayaan sektor agraris ditunjukan dengan banyaknya nilai produksi padi di Kabupaten Tanah Laut. Untuk itu, kami mengadakan sebuah penelitian mengenai pemanfaatan limbah sekam padi sebagai bahan yang dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk tanaman hidroponik yang diperoleh melalui metode pirolisis yang nantinya akan menghasilkan asap cair. Proses optimasi pirolisis memperlihatkan bahwa perlakuan A (Suhu 250 oC dan waktu 3 jam) menghasilkan rendemen asap lebih tinggi sebesar 2,54% dibandingkan dengan perlakuan B (Suhu 150oC dan waktu 2 jam) menghasilkan rendemen asap cair sebesar 0,273%. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa parameter suhu dan waktu berpengaruh pada rendemen hasil akhir pirolisis. Pada pengaplikasian asap cair sebagai pupuk cair tanaman hidroponik dilakukan dengan 5 (lima) perlakuan, yatu P1, P2, P3, P4, dan P5. Pengaplikasian asap cair ke tanaman hidroponik (kangkung) sebagai pupuk cair, dapat dilihat bahwa pH asap cair yang sudah diencerkan sangat berpengaruh pada pertumbuhan tanaman. Pada tanaman yang diberi air dengan pH asam tidak dapat beratahan lama (cepat mati).
Ethical dilemmas in the surgical management of body integrity identity disorder
Authors: Tang Nicholas , Burgess Nicholas , Park Hye-Sung , Ramakrishnan Anand
Published: September 2019

N/a
Local anaesthetic-only upper blepharoplasty: a viable alternative?
Authors: Phan Robert , Lin Frank
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Local anaesthetic-only upper blepharoplasties are not routinely performed in the clinic in Australia. There is a lack of data to demonstrate whether they are any less safe or efficacious compared with upper blepharoplasties performed with sedation or general anaesthesia (GA) in theatre. Perioperative and postoperative antibiotics may also be administered for surgical site infection (SSI) prophylaxis. This paper aims to determine whether local-only upper blepharoplasties are safe and efficacious compared with upper blepharoplasties performed with sedation or GA, and whether prophylactic antibiotic use is indicated.
Method: A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing upper blepharoplasties from a single surgeon’s private clinic was performed from March 2014 to October 2018. The clinic’s database was interrogated and patient age, anaesthetic type, operative site, use of peri- or postoperative antibiotics, and complications were recorded including infection, return to theatre, chemosis and asymmetry noted by the patient and requiring revision surgery.
Results: A total of 97 patients were included for analysis. Complication rates of local-only upper blepharoplasties performed in the clinic were not higher than when performed under sedation or GA in theatre. When analysing antibiotic use, although 32 of the 97 patients (33%) were not prescribed antibiotics preoperatively, postoperatively, or pre- and postoperatively, no patients developed infections.
Conclusion: When performed by a qualified surgeon with appropriate equipment, local-only upper blepharoplasties carried-out in the clinic are as safe and efficacious as those performed with sedation or GA in theatre. Prophylactic antibiotic use demonstrated no advantage in SSI prevention for patients undergoing upper blepharoplasties.
Holier than thou: are we all biased?
Authors: Ashton Mark , Lee Mark
Published: September 2019

n/a
Job Satisfaction among Educators According to their Socio-Economic Status in the Government Aided and Private B.Ed. Colleges in West Bengal
Authors: Das Kaushik
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the study is to examine the job satisfaction of Educators as well as to compare the various level of job satisfaction of Educators who are working in different Govt.-aided and Self-Financed B.Ed. Colleges in West Bengal. The teacher is the backbone of any nation. The progress and development of a nation largely depend on its teachers’ community because of their noble and massive contributions in nation-building. They have remarkable contributions in making and shaping every person of society. The investigators choose various factors to measure the Level of Job Satisfaction of Teacher Training Colleges on the basis of multi-dimensions that are Working Conditions, Salary Status, Understanding between Colleagues, Recognition by Others, Work Load, Availability of Power, job security, Gender, Marital Status, Educational Qualification, Locality, location of College, Age, experience, Family conditions, income status and professional development, Individual Status, Stream and Promotion Opportunities. The main objective of the present study that the researcher analyses the satisfactory job level of Educators from different teacher education institutions in West Bengal. The researcher randomly took 6 Colleges &  12 Private Colleges. The researcher has selected only 191 Educators, out of which 38 Educators have been taken from 6 Government Aided B.Ed. Colleges and rest 153 Educators have been takenfrom 12 Private B.Ed. Colleges as a sample for the present study. The methodology of the study is a mixed type involving interpretative, analytical study of documents, interview, survey questionnaire, observation and study secondary sources, like books, university news, expert opinion, articles, journals, thesis and websites etc. Finally, meaningful suggestions are offered.
Solid Waste Management in Poombarai Village of Kodaikanal - Strategy for Sustainability
Authors: Gowtham Narayanan J
Published: October 2019

Environmental issues are the most pertaining problems in almost all the hilly regions of Tamilnadu and its surrounding. The environment is mostly polluted and getting destroyed due to several aspects. The Mother Nature is been getting destroyed by several factors because of the human activities and nature by itself. This dissertation aims at examining certain environmental issues that are prevailing in all most all the hilly regions of the state. Some of the basic issues are the water pollution, sanitation, improper drainage systems, wastage of rain water, deforestation, soil erosion etc. This dissertation further aims to explore the relationship between the economic growth and the pressure on nature from the environmental sustainability perspective. The area chosen for the present study is one of the leading economically developed tourist spot of Tamilnadu viz kodaikanal. The region is well served with almost all economic factors and well developed area. But, it undergoes lots of environmental issues and problems that brings the value of the spot in lower level. Solid waste management is one of the major issue identified in the particular study area. In depth study and analysis of the issue is discussed in brief. The purpose of the study is to bring the better environment relating to several human aspects. The questionnaire has been developed in order to gather information regarding the current issues and demographic study on the particular village. The surrounding villages of Kodai has importance in each and every aspect, but the growth is less due to some environmental impacts that does not connects to the city easily. The second part tells about the major issues and people needs for better improvement.
24 Tirtha’s of Ramanatha Swamy Temple, Rameswaram
Authors: Ramamoorthy G , Albaris J
Published: October 2019

We know Ramayana and Ramesawaram, the memorable temple located at the tip of Indian Point in Tamil Nadu. It is the most important visit in the Hindu Religion and through the year tourist multitude the place to take a bath in the famous “Tirthams” of Rameswaram. Ramanathaswamy Temple is a Hindu temple enthusiastic to the god Shiva located on Rameswaram island in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. Rameswaram Temple Tirthas are the holy wells situated inside the Rameswaram Temple in Tamilnadu, India. There are sixty-four Tīrthas (holy water bodies) in and around the island of Rameswaram. According to Skanda Purana, 24 Tirthas in Rameswaram are important and taking snan (bathing) in them are considered equivalent to penance. Twenty-TwoThirth as are inside Ramanatha Swami Temple.
Biokonversi Limbah Tongkol Jagung Menjadi Bioetanol Sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Terbarukan
Authors: Iyabu Hendri , Isa Ishak
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkonversi lignoselulosa dari jagung tongkol limbah menjadi

bioetanol sebagai bahan bakar alternatif terbarukan. Proses pembuatan etanol dari kotoran

jagung sampah dapat melalui tiga tahapan yang penting, menghidrolisis lignocellulose menjadi

gula, fermentasi gula ke dalam pemurnian etanol andethanol. Proses menghidrolisis kimia

menggunakan asam sulfat encer. Fermentasi gula ke etanol menggunakan Saccharomyces

Cerevisiae, sedangkan pemurnian alkohol yang dihasilkan melalui proses distilasi. Hasil

penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alkohol (etanol) konsentrasi yang diperoleh masih di bawah

standar yang diinginkan sebagai alternatif energi untuk bahan bakar fosil.
Study Synthesis of 4-Methyl Octanoic Acid and Ethyl-4-Methyl Octanoic Pheromones Aggregation of Rhino Beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) Using Mannich Reaction and Claisen Rearrangement
Authors: Kilo Ahmad Kadir , Zainuddin Achmad , Darwati Darwati
Published: September 2019

rhinoceros Linn) using Mannich's reaction and Claisen rearrangement has been synthesized.

The synthesis of compounds includes five phases: synthesis, separation, purification and

structure determination. The pure compounds produced from each stage of further synthesis

are characterised using mass spectroscopy and infra-red spectroscopy. 4-Methiloctanoic acid

synthesis products and ethyl-4-methyloktanoat pheromone aggregation kumbang badak

(Oryctes rhinoceros Linn) use Mannich reaction and Claisen rearrangement 50.53% and

63.69% respectively
Sekilas tentang Etnomatematika
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi , Van Bee Jeffa Lianto
Published: October 2019

Menjelajahi topik-topik klasik yang baru bisa sangat menakutkan dalam bidang apa pun, dan etnomatematika bukanlah pengecualian. Dalam karya ini kami memberi uraian kami tentang etnomatematika, termasuk pengembangan terminologi, beberapa bidang terkait, juga kritik terhadapnya, untuk penjelajahan lebih lanjut.
ОбновленческиймитрополитА.И.Введенский:личностькакгосударственныйпроект
Authors: Chernova E.L.
Published: September 2019

В статье анализируется биография обновленческого митрополита А.И. Введенский в контексте истории движения, где он был главным идеологом. Советский реновационизм был государственной инициативой, поэтому встает вопрос о том, чьи интересы представляли исполнители, личные или общественные деятели. Автор обнаружил готовность А.И. Введенский выполнил любые, порой противоречивые требования советской власти со времен распада Церкви в 1922 году. Поэтому делается вывод, что с 1922 года личность А.И. Введенский был разработан как правительственный проект. Однако все действия, выполненные А.И. Введенский содержал личный компонент. Он хотел бы подчеркнуть свою идеологическую приверженность церковным реформам, искреннее неприятие Патриаршего контроля над Церковью, и с 1918 года он стремился к союзу с правительством. На дебатах и проповеднических проповедях митрополит говорил с внешней торжественностью, что доказывало его лояльность реноваторским идеям. Но после краха обновленчества и до самого последнего дня он не совершал покаяния, которое обеспечило бы ему скромную, хотя и мирную жизнь. Его амбиции постоянно сдерживали его, что подчеркивалось многими современниками.

The article analyzes the biography of the Renovationist Metropolitan A.I. Vvedensky in the context of the history of a movement where he was the main ideologist. Soviet Renovationism was a state initiative, therefore comes the question about whose interests were represented by the executors, personal or public appears. The author discovered the willingness of A.I. Vvedensky to perform any, sometimes contradictory, demands of the Soviet government since the Church split in 1922. Therefore, a conclusion is made that since 1922 the personality of A.I. Vvedensky was developed as a government project. However, all the actions performed by A.I. Vvedensky contained a personal component. He would emphasize his ideological commitment to the Church reforms, a sincere rejection of the Patriarchal control over the Church, and since 1918, had been seeking an alliance with the Government. At the debates and Renovationist sermons, the Metropolitan would speak with an external solemnity that proved his loyalty to the Renovationist ideas. But after the Renovationism collapsed and until his dying day, he did not do penance which would provide him with a modest though peaceful life. He was continuously restrained by his ambition which was also underlined by many contemporaries.
Человекнавойне,илитернистыйпутьотвоеннойисторииквоеннойантропологии.
Authors: Elena S.S.
Published: September 2019

The article examines the mains stages of the immergence and formation of military anthropology as a new academic branch, originally an interdisciplinary one. The author emphasizes the fact that both disciplines military psychology, as well as military sociology originated in Russia, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The following decades were dominated by a strictly utilitarian approach to military psychology. Yet the turn of the 20th 21st century saw the reemergence of active interest in military problematics, due to its growing social relevance. On the other hand, historic studies were increasingly dominated by the new, anthropological paradigm. The author examines the input of various historians and cultural studies scholars into the relatively new discipline, the place of the new research paradigm in fundamental historic studies, as well as the introduction of this subject in higher education courses and practice. The historicpsychological approach allows us to thoroughly examine the thoughts, feelings, and behavioral patterns of humans in extreme conditions of war, the historicanthropological approach to engage into a complex study of the human viewpoint of warfare, including the issue of values and the sociocultural aspects.

В статье рассматриваются основные этапы становления и становления военной антропологии как новой научной отрасли, изначально междисциплинарной. Автор подчеркивает тот факт, что обе дисциплинывоенная психология, а также военная социологиязародились в России в конце 19 и начале 20 веков. В последующие десятилетия господствовал строго утилитарный подход к военной психологии. Однако на рубеже XXXXI веков вновь возник активный интерес к военной проблематике, обусловленный ее растущей социальной значимостью. С другой стороны, в исторических исследованиях все больше доминировала новая, антропологическая парадигма. Автор рассматривает вклад различных историков и культурологов в сравнительно новую дисциплину, место новой исследовательской парадигмы в фундаментальных исторических исследованиях, а также внедрение данной дисциплины в учебные курсы и практику высшего образования. Историкопсихологический подход позволяет досконально изучить мысли, чувства и модели поведения человека в экстремальных условиях войны, историкоантропологический подходзаняться комплексным изучением человеческого точка зрения войны, в том числе вопрос ценностей и социокультурных аспектов.
Franziska Kloos, Jennifer Walshe. Spiel mit Identitäten (2017)
Authors: Marx Wolfgang
Published: October 2019

A review of Franziska Kloos, Jennifer Walshe. Spiel mit Identitäten (Hofheim: Wolke Verlag, 2017). ISBN 978-3-95593-076-9
Constitucionalización de los derechos a la igualdad en la interpretación principialista del derecho a la educación como factor de cambio social. Concepto jurisprudencial, vulneración y reparación. Estudio del amparo contra normas 1308 de 2014
Authors: Ríos Gamiño Francisco Alfonso , Leal Espinoza José Luis
Published: October 2019

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo dejar plasmada la forma de interpretar disposiciones constitucionales en México, a través del estudio del caso enmarcado en el Juicio de Amparo 1308 de 2014 del Juzgado Primero de Distrito con sede en Saltillo, Coahuila, México. Su trascendencia radica en la armonización hermenéutica de los criterios tributarios en los que se aprecia una vulneración al principio de igualdad, manifestando sus efectos interpretativos pro persona en los criterios garantistas de las sentencias de los Tribunales Constitucionales. Se aborda la constitucionalización en sede judicial de los principios que nutren el derecho a la educación. La hipótesis que se plantea radica en la pertinencia en la cual una universidad pública que por Ley se le ha dotado de autonomía, debe o no pagar tributos directos locales; máxime si la institución de educación superior debe proporcionar servicios educativos para el mejoramiento de su entorno social, enarbolando los principios que orientan al artículo 3. º de la Constitución Política de los Estado Unidos Mexicanos.
Semblanza de Hernando Devis Echandía
Authors: Arrubla Paucar Jaime Alberto , Arrubla Devis Jaime Esteban
Published: October 2019

Perfil del maestro Hernando Devis Echandía, principal tratadista del renacer del Derecho Procesal en Colombia. Su tratado marca la huida de una tendencia procedimentalista del proceso y aborda el Derecho Procesal desde el ser humano, no desde las normas, sino desde la persona.
Conduction system disorders after surgical patch closure of ventricular septal defects; a comparison between two suturing techniques
Authors: Nosair Abdallah , Elkahely Mohamed , Abu-Gamila Rezk
Published: October 2019

Background: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital heart disease, and conduction disorder is one of the frequent complications after VSD closure. Suturing technique used for VSD closure may affect the occurrence of this complication. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of VSD surgical patch closure using continuous versus interrupted suture techniques.

Methods: The study included 150 VSD patients who had surgical patch closure between December 2014 and March 2017. They were subclassified into two groups according to the suture technique; continuous suture technique (n= 75) and interrupted suture technique (n= 75). Preoperative, operative, and postoperative variables were reviewed and analyzed. The postoperative rhythm was recorded using contіnuous electrocardiogram during intensive care unit stay. 12-leads electrocardiogram and echocardiography were performed immediately after surgery and repeated before discharge and after 3, 6, 12 months then yearly. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 3.25 years (2.04 ± 0.84 years).

Results: Aortіc cross-clamp tіme was longer in the interrupted technique group (51.40±15.21 vs. 42.32±13.86 minutes; p <0.01). 7 (9.3%) patients in the continuous technique group had an atrioventricular block during ICU stay, and 2 (2.7 %) had complete heart block. However, one patient  (1.3%) in the interrupted technique group had an atrioventricular block, and no patient had complete heart block (p=0.006). Incidence of conduction defects during follow-up was insignificantly different between the groups. There was no significant difference in the postoperative complications between the groups.

Conclusions: Complete heart block is an infrequent complication after VSD patch closure. The interrupted suture technique was associated with a lower incidence of conduction defects during the early postoperative period
ANALISIS TATANIAGA TANDAN BUAH SEGAR KELAPA SAWIT DI DESA TEMPAKAN KECAMATAN BATU ENGAU KABUPATEN PASER (Marketing Analysis of Fresh Fruit Bunches of Oil Palm in Tempakan Village, Batu Engau Subregency, Paser Regency)
Authors: SIMANJUNTAK SIMON SUTRADO , ZAINI ACHMAD
Published: October 2019

The purposes of this study were to know marketing channel, marketing margin, share, and marketing profit of fresh fruit bunches of oil palm in Tempakan Village, Batu Engau Subregency, Paser Regency. The study was conducted from June to August 2016. The sampling method was done with two ways as random sampling in farmer level and in marketing channel as snowball sampling. Data analysis were done by calculating marketing margin, share, and marketing profit. The results of this study showed that there are two marketing channels in reserach location are channel of level zero and channel of level one. Marketing margin in farmer level was Rp40.39 kg-1 and margin in whole trader level was Rp314.44 kg-1. The average share of farmer level was 97.58% and in trader level was 81.48%. Margin and share that profitable for farmer is at channel of level zero. The average of profit in whole trader level of fresh fruit bunches was 112.75%, that meant marketing by whole trader is profitable.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Guru-guru Sekolah Dasar Melalui Pelatihan Penggunaan Aplikasi Microsoft Office dan Google Education
Authors: Syafirullah Lutfi , Purwanto Riyadi , Puspitasari Eka Dyah , Supriyono Abdul Rohman , Nurrohman Devi Taufiq , Fahrizal Arif
Published: September 2019

The teacher is a professional educator who has the duties, functions, and roles to educate the nation's children. In Desa  Maos Lor Cilacap, some elementary school teachers experienced problems in using Microsoft Office and Google Docs software as a means used in classroom learning media. In the implementation of community service, this discusses how to improve the knowledge and skills of elementary school teachers in Desa Maos Lor in order to optimize Microsoft Office and Google software in supporting academic and non-academic activities in the school environment. The object of research is elementary school teachers in the Maos region by using the method of delivering material directly to participants accompanied by module guides and independent exercises working on case studies. From the results of the activity, the knowledge of Maos Primary School teachers about the use of Microsoft Office and Google Docs has increased so that all activities are well managed and teachers can complete tasks at school to be more effective and efficient so that the main goal of learning to educate the nation's children can be achieved.
Experiencias didácticas para la revitalización de lenguas originarias en estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonía.
Authors: Chávez Epiquén Abdías , Chenet Zuta Manuel , Quispe Cutipa Walter
Published: October 2019

El uso de lenguas originarias ha disminuido en las etnias de la región Ucayali, los jóvenes rehúsan hablar en su lengua, por tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue emplear actividades didácticas en el aula; música, canto, traducción a fin de fomentar la revitalización de las lenguas originarias en estudiantes del segundo ciclo de la carrera de Educación Inicial Bilingüe de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonia. El nivel fue descriptivo explicativo, diseño preexperimental de enfoque mixto; muestra de 22 estudiantes. En la prueba de entrada, 55 estudiantes se hallaron en el nivel de proceso y la media fue de 9.73. En la prueba de salida, el 69% alcanzó el logro previsto, la media fue de 16.6; se probó la hipótesis a nivel de 0, 05 de significancia. Cada estudiante tradujo un tema a una lengua originaria, aprendió la entonación; primero versos, luego estrofas. Se concluyó que las experiencias interculturales fueron exitosas en la revitalización de lenguas en los estudiantes de Educación Inicial Bilingüe.
Enfermedad de Castleman
Authors: Paez Ardila Hugo , Rosado Rodriguez Micela , Baron Castro Oscar Ricardo
Published: October 2019

Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 67 años de edad, con cuadro clínico de dolor abdominal, a quien se le realiza un abordaje quirúrgico el cual no es conclusivo y que por persistencia de la sintomatología y el hallazgo radiológico de adenomegalias mesentéricas, se decide tomar una biopsia ganglionar, con la cual se realiza el diagnóstico de Enfermedad de Castleman (EC) variante hialino-vascular; La EC es un trastorno linfoproliferativo caracterizado por una hiperplasia ganglionar gigante, su principal compromiso es mediastinal (70% de los casos) y a pesar de que el compromiso abdominal es infrecuente (15%)2, es un diagnóstico que se debe considerar en el paciente con dolor abdominal y adenomegalias.
LISTADO DE MEDICAMENTOS TRAZADORES COMO HERRAMIENTA EN PROGRAMAS DE FARMACOSEGURIDAD
Authors: Molina Rua Olga Lucia
Published: October 2019

Los resultados negativos a la medicación o problemas de seguridad, incluyendo las reacciones adversas a medicamentos (RAM) son un problema clínico relevante, debido a su alta incidencia y a los efectos nocivos en la salud. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estructurar un listado de medicamentos a partir de la revisión de estudios clínicos que evidencian la utilización de medicamentos que cumplen con los parámetros de medicamento trazador, los cuales tienen mayor probabilidad de causar resultados negativos a la medicación, problemas de seguridad o identificar RAM producidas por otros medicamentos, como herramienta útil para identificar los pacientes que más se pueden beneficiar de los programas de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico o farmacoseguridad. Inicialmente, se realizó una revisión estructurada en PubMed/Medline de estudios relacionados con el reporte de medicamentos asociados a la presentación de RAM, clasificadas como graves o moderadas y con una frecuencia igual o superior al 10%. Posteriormente, el listado de medicamentos identificado, fue complementado con medicamentos de alta alerta del Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) y con medicamentos utilizados para el tratamiento de RAM o antídotos, con un resultado de 139 medicamentos incluidos en el Listado general de medicamentos trazadores, aplicado al ámbito mundial. Los medicamentos trazadores identificados son una herramienta para identificar y seleccionar los pacientes que más se podrían beneficiar de los programas de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico o farmacoseguridad en las instituciones de salud, sin embargo, se propone la realización de estudios diseñados para evaluar la utilidad práctica de dicho listado según las condiciones de cada población.
Factores asociados al estado nutricional en pacientes adultos mayores hospitalizados
Authors: Chavarro-Carvajal Diego Andrés , Borda Miguel Germán , N´úñez Ordóñez Nicolás , Cortés Daniel , Sánchez-Villalobos Santiago , Ramírez Rozo Nicolás
Published: September 2019

Introducción: La desnutrición es una condición frecuente en las personas mayores de 65 años. El mal estado nutricional se ha relacionado con mayores estancias hospitalarias, complicaciones, aumento en comorbilidades y mortalidad. Este estudio busca describir la relación entre el estado nutricional de adultos mayores hospitalizados y factores como red de apoyo, funcionalidad y presencia de demencia.

Materiales y Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal analítico basado en la revisión de historias de los pacientes hospitalizados por el servicio de Geriatría del Hospital Universitario San Ignacio de Bogotá D.C. La variable dependiente fue el estado nutricional medido con el instrumento Mini-Nutritional Assessment y se usaron como variables independientes factores sociodemográficos, el estado funcional, el diagnóstico previo de demencia, la red de apoyo, delirium, tiempo de estancia hospitalaria, comorbilidades.

Resultados: Se incluyeron 887 pacientes con edad promedio de 85,43 (DE=7,02) años, de los cuales 382 (43,07%) eran hombres. En el modelo de regresión logística se encontró un aumento del riesgo de malnutrición de 2,48 veces con demencia (OR= 2,48 (1,63-3,77), p=0,00) y una disminución del mismo de 0,02 veces con un mayor Barthel al ingreso (OR=0,98 (0,97-0,987), p=0,00).

Conclusión: Se encontró una asociación significativa entre mal estado nutricional con menor funcionalidad, mayor estancia hospitalaria, tener diagnóstico de demencia, presentar delirium, tener un mayor número de comorbilidad y mayor mortalidad. Se requieren más estudios que aborden este tema.
Hemoglobina glicosilada y eventos cardiovasculares en pacientes diabéticos de un hospital universitario
Authors: Figueroa Claudia Lucía , Suárez Fabio Camilo , Ochoa Andrés Felipe , Rengifo Laura Juliana , Isaza Juan Ramón
Published: September 2019

Introducción: a pesar del amplio estudio de la Diabetes Mellitus, no existen en Colombia estudios recientes que busquen medir la prevalencia y su asociación con eventos cardiovasculares. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de Diabetes Mellitus y la asociación de niveles de hemoglobina glicosilada con eventos cardiovasculares, en el Hospital Universitario de Santander. Materiales y método: estudio observacional analítico retrospectivo con pacientes del servicio de medicina interna del Hospital Universitario de Santander en el año 2013. Resultados: la prevalencia de diabetes fue 31,2% (HbA1c≥6,5%), de estos, el 70,45% recibían tratamiento farmacológico y 52,2% eran mujeres. Ningún evento cardiovascular se asoció con bajo control metabólico, siendo el infarto agudo del miocardio (10,9%) el evento más frecuente. Se encontró que mayores de 65 años tenían 6 veces más probabilidad de sufrir un evento cerebrovascular (OR 6.29; IC95%: 1.71-23; p=0,006) a pesar de que sus niveles de hemoglobina HbA1c fuesen menores al 9%(p=0,002). Entre los pacientes con HbA1c >9%, el 62,02% recibían ≤4 dosis/día de medicamentos (p=0,000), con una prevalencia alta de muerte intrahospitalaria (88%) siendo el OR de 2,08 (IC95%: 0,85-5,1; p=0,107). Algunas variables contribuyeron a un modelo de predicción de control metabólico (AROC 0.67) y otras al modelo de predicción de muerte intrahospitalaria (AROC 0.7). Conclusiones: existe asociación significativa de riesgo entre niveles de HbA1c >9%, antecedente de enfermedad cerebrovascular y tabaquismo para desenlace de muerte intrahospitalaria. No se encontró relación entre pobre control metabólico y los eventos cardiovasculares a estudio.
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR-GENETIC PROPERTIES OF STRAINS - CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF CHOLERA - ISOLATED IN UKRAINE IN 1994 - 2011
Authors: Savelieva I. V. , Tikhonov S. N. , Saveliev V. N. , Kovalev D. A. , Pisarenko S. V. , Kotenev E. S. , Babenyshev B. V. , Zinich L. S. , Pidchenko N. N. , Kulichenko A. N.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Retrospective analysis of biological and molecular-genetic properties of strains - causative agents of cholera - isolated in the period of epidemics in Ukraine in 1994 - 2011. Materials and methods. Phenotypic and molecular-genetic properties of 5 strains of cholera vibrios, biovar El Tor isolated from cholera patients and 4 strains from the environmental samples were studied using traditional bacteriological and genetic methods. Detection of DNA for toxigenicity genes and genes characteristic for El Tor and classic biovar were carried out by PCR method using reagent kits «AmpliSens- Vibrio cholerae FRT» and «.Vibrio cholerae ctxB-rstR-rstC genes, REF» (an experimental test system). Sequencing of genomes of 4 strains of causative agents of cholera was carried out in genetic analyzer Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine. Results. Strains of cholera vibrios identified in Ukraine in 1994 and 2011 such as a typical toxigenic biovar El Tor (V cholerae 01, El Tor, Ogawa, Hly-, ctxA+, tcpA+) contain genes of the classic cholera vibrio in their genome and are genetically altered (hybrid) variants of cholera vibrio biovar El Tor producing enterotoxin CT1 and having increased virulence, that was clinically manifested in predominance of severe forms of cholera in Mariupol of Donetsk region in 2011. Genome sequences of the 4 studied strains were deposited into the international database DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank. Conclusion. The studied isolates were established to belong to a clade of strains associated with cholera outbreaks in Haiti and Asian continent, from where genetically altered strains of cholera vibrios biovar El Tor were introduced to Haiti in 2010, based on results of comparison of genomic sequences of the studied strains with genomes of V. cholera strains from the international database GenBank.
PHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF CORYNEBACTERIA OF FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT
Authors: Gladysheva L. V. , Cherkasov S. V.
Published: September 2019

Literature data and results of authors’ research on biological properties of corynebacteria of reproductive tract of women are analyzed. General characteristics of microorganisms is given. 20 species of corynebacteria are presented: C. amycolatum, C. aquaticum, C. aurimucosum, C. bovis, C. glucuronolyticum, C: coyleae, C.freneyi, C.jeikeium var. genitalium, C.jeikeium var. pseudogeni-talium, C. lipophiloflavum, C. kutscheri, C. minutissimum, C. nigricans, C. pseudodiphtheriticum, C. pseudotuberculosis, C. renale, C. striatum, C. tuberculostearicum (lipophile) (includes most CDC group G-2 strains), C. xerosis and C. urealyticum. Mechanisms and factors ensuring the ability of corynebacteria to exist in vaginal biotope regardless of microecological condition - the presence ofhigh resistance to factors of innate immunity (lysozyme, complement, immunoglobulins), pH-dependent adhesion to fibronectin and vaginal epitheliocytes - are examined. The role of fi-bronectin in adhesion of bacteria to vaginal epithelial cells is described. Corynebacteria exometabolites are shown to facilitate maximal realization of antagonistic activity of vaginal peroxide-producing lactobacilli by supressing catalase of opportunistic microorganisms-symbionts, that directly influences the quantity and structure of bacterial population by suppressing growth and biofilm-formation. The materials provided give evidence on the significant role of corynebacteria in realization of physiological phenomenon - colonization resistance and allow us to examine these microorganisms as an integral part of normal microbiota of woman reproduction tract.
USE OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE SURFACE STRUCTURES FOR SPECIFIC PROPHYLAXIS AND DIAGNOSTICS OF CHOLERA
Authors: Ivanooa I. A. , Mishankin B. N. , Bespalova I. A. , Omelchenko N. D. , Shipko E. S. , Filippenko A. V.
Published: September 2019

The need for efficient and cost-effective cholera vaccine hasn’t lost its actuality in view of the emergence of new strains leading to severe clinical forms of cholera and capable to replace strains of the seventh cholera pandemic, and in connection with the threat of cholera spreading beyond the borders of endemic countries. In this review data from literature sources are presented about the use of outer membrane proteins, vesicles, cell ghosts of the cholera causative agent in specific prophylaxis and diagnostics of the disease.
MICROBIOCENOSIS, IMMUNE SYSTEM AND HEREDITY
Authors: Voevodin D. A. , Rozanova G. N. , Poddubikov A. V. , Mikhailova N. A.
Published: September 2019

The formation of pro-/eukaryotic systems is the general biological mechanism of formation and variability of the phenotype of plants, animals, human beings under the influence of external Wednesday, i.e. formation of adaptive potency conditions to external Wednesday that increases the «biological status» prokaryotic structures in sustaining body health. Prominent role in the formation of the phenotype of micro media, immunological tolerance (immunological programming), as a basis for the formation of individual pro-/eukaryotic interactions in perinatal age, the dominant role of maternal influence in this process on the one hand, micro-variability due to external stress impact on the other, makes it possible to consider pro-/eukaryotic interaction as a possible mechanism of perinatal programming and epigenetics inheritance and therefore, as one possible approach for correction of chronic and congenital pathology. This points to the need to improve monitoring ofthe formation microbiocenosis of children, improve the methods of assessment and correction.
EFFECT OF LOW-INTENSITY RED LASER ON GROWTH OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND SENSITIZING EFFECT OF PHOTODITAZIN
Authors: Bril G. E. , Egorova A. V. , Bugaeva I. O. , Ponomarev G. V.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Study the effect of laser emission in the red spectrum on growth of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, as well as photodynamic effect of photosensitizer photoditazin. Materials and methods. Effect of light of semiconductor red laser (X 660 nm, 100 mW/cm2) at 30, 60, 90 and 180 J/cm2 on growth of S. aureus colonies was determined. Time of exposure - 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes. In certain series of experiments bacterial cells were sensitized in advance by a water solution of photoditazin at a concentration of 5x 1 O'6 M. Results. Red laser emission was established to cause a pronouncec suppression of bacterial growth. This effect on standard S. aureus strain only took place during use of relatively high exposure doses (180 J/cm2). Photosensitivity of methicillin-resistan: strain turned out to be significantly higher: bacteriostatic effect of red light was noted alreadx at the dose of 60 J/cm2. Treatment of bacterial cells with photoditazin in advance significantly enhanced growth-inhibiting effect of laser light.
INDUCTION OF EFFECTORS OF INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY IN THE PROCESS OF THERAPY OF TOPIC FORM OF RECOMBINANT INTERFERON-a2b DURING RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS IN PREGNANT
Authors: Kostinov M. P. , Lukachev I. V. , Mescheryakova A. K. , Dmitrieva E. V. , Akhmatova N. K. , Khromova E. A. , Magarshak O. O. , Savisko A. A.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Study immunologic phenotype of lymphocytes in the process of therapy of topic form of recombinant interferon-a2b during respiratory infections in pregnant. Materials aih. methods. 74 pregnant women from 14 weeks of gestation took part in the study, among their 55 - within 24 hours with symptoms of acute respiratory infection (ARI) of light and medium, severe course of infection, who do not need hospitalization. Group I - 34 pregnan omen with ARI receiving basic therapy with human recombinant interferon-a2b in gel form. Group 11 - 21 pregnant with ARI receiving only basic therapy. Control group had 19 pregnant omen without signs of ARI. Relative content of principle lymphocyte subpopulations was -:udied by flow cytofluorimetry: CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD3-CD19+, CD3-CD16+56+, CD3-CD8+; immune regulatory index was calculated in blood within 24 hours 'om the onset of the disease and 8 - 10 days later. Results. A disbalance of lymphocyte subpopulations was noted in pregnant women with light or medium severity course of acute 'espiratory infections, that was characterized by an increased content of CD3-CD16+56+ .nd CD3+CD8+, as well as a reduced content of CD3+ and CD3+CD8+. Inclusion of a :opical form of recombinant interferon-oc2b during the first days of development of the disease .as a systemic effect on cell immunity and results in normalization of subpopulation compoition of blood lymphocytes that is characteristic for physiological course of pregnancy. Conclusion. Administration of topic form of recombinant interferon in pregnant with light or medium severity of ARI can be accompanied by activation of factors of innate and adaptive immunity.
ANALYSIS OF POPULATION IMMUNITY AGAINST INFLUENZA PRIOR TO 2014 AND 2015 EPIDEMIC SEASONS
Authors: Shipovalov A. V. , Durymanov A. G. , Petrova O. V. , Ivanova E. V. , Epanchintseva A. V. , Svyatchenko S. V. , Maltsev S. V. , Marchenko' V. Yu. , Mikheev V. N. , Ryzhikov A. B. , Ilicheva T. N.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Control for the population herd immunity against seasonal influenza viruses as well as for emergence of antibodies against influenza with pandemic potential in human blood sera. Materials and methods. HAI reaction against vaccine and epidemic influenza viruses as well as HPAI viruses A/rook/Chany/32/2015 (H5N1) (clade 2.3.2.1c.) andA/Anhui/01/2013 (H7N9). Results. Among all the sera samples collected in the autumn of 2014 and 2015, none had reacted in HAI against A(H5N1) and A(H7N9) antigens even at 1:10 dilution. Among samples collected in autumn 2014, 41% were positive to A/Califorrna/07/09(HlNlpdm09) virus, 36% - A/Texas/50/2012 (H3N2), 40% - B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Vict.lin.) and 47% reacted in HAI against the B/Massachusetts/2/2012 (Yam.lin.) strain. 22% of all the samples had a titer of at least 40 against all the antigens and only 10% in HAI had a titer of 40 or more against all the vaccine strains. Among the samples collected in autumn 2015, the number of seropositive against A/Califorrna/07/09(HlNlpdm09) varied from 31% in the Urals FD to 46% in the Southern FD. The amount of seropositive against A/Switzerland/9715293/13 (H3N2) strain was at the level of 4 - 13% in all the FDs except Urals, where this parameter was slightly above 30%. The amount of seropositive against vaccine influenza В viruses varied from 23 to 76%. Only 2% of sera had titers in HAI of 40 or above against all the vaccine strains, 29% of all the samples were seronegative. Conclusion. Population immunity in Russia against influenza A(H3N2) is at a very low level, thus socially significant consequences of influenza epidemics in many aspects will depend on the vaccination campaign of autumn 2016.
BALANCE OF Thl/Th2/Th9/Thl7/Th22 CYTOKINES IN POST-OPERATION PERIOD IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT TUMOR OF LIVER
Authors: Aleksanyan G. B. , Akhmatova E. A. , Akhamtova N. K. , Kurbatova E. A. , Panchenkov D. N. , Zverev V. V.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Evaluate cytokine status in patients with malignant liver cells after surgery. Materials and methods. 33 patients aged 35 to 76 years were included into the study. Blood was obtained before the operation and in the post-operation period: after 6 and 24 hours and at day 7. Cytokine profile (IL-lb, IL-2, TNF-a, IFN-y, IL-12p70, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-9, II- 17a, IL-22) was evaluated using Multiplex-13 system (Bender MedSystems, Austria). Results. Inpatients levels of all the studied cytokines (Thl/Th2/Th9/Th 17/Th22) were already increased before the operations, that gives evidence of the presence of an inflammatory process connected with activation ofimmune system effectors. Conclusion. Disbalance of cytokine system helper cells resulting in functional and organic alterations through induction of the “cytokine storm” may aggravate the state of these patients. Further studies on the correction of cytokine system in these patients are thus needed.
EFFECT OF ANTIBACTERIAL PREPARATIONS ON VIBRIO CHOLERAE EL TOR BIOFILMS
Authors: Selyanskaya N. A. , Titova S. V. , Golovin S. N. , Egiazaryan L. A. , Verkina L. M. , Trishina A. V.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Study the effect of antibacterial preparations on biofilms of Vibrio cholerae El Tor. Materials and methods. Sensitivity of V. cholerae El Tor (6 strains) to various concentrations of antibacterial preparations (doxycycline, tetracycline, levomycetin, rifampicin, gentamycin, ceftazidime) was determined (MD 4.2.2495-09). Transmission electron microscopy was used for visualization of the effect of preparations on biofilms. Results. The values of minimal inhibiting concentrations of antibacterial preparations against biofilms have increased by 5 - 100 times compared with plankton cultures. Certain smoothing of strands between the bacterial cell and substrate, alteration of vibrios’ form, reduction of electron density of the matrix with an increase of its transparency were observed during electron-microscopy of the effect of antibacterial preparations on the biofilm. Conclusion. Study of the effect of antibacterial preparations on biofilms could increase effectiveness of rational antibiotics therapy of infections by selection of preparations that disrupt functioning of microbial communities.
FEATURES OF CIRCULATION OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS IN KHABAROVSK REGION
Authors: Soboleva N. V. , Karlsen A. A. , Isaeva O. V. , Kyuregyan K. K. , Trotsenko O. E. , Mikhaylov M. I.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Study the intensity of circulation of HCV in Khabarovsk Region and genetic variants of the virus circulating in the region. Materials and methods. 940 sera samples obtained from individuals with unestablished risk factors for HCV infection in polyclinic of the Far-Eastern Regional Centre for Prophylaxis and Control of AIDS (Khabarovsk) were studied. Individuals of the following age groups were included into the study: 1 - 4, 5 - 9,10 - 14,15 - 19,20 - 29, 30 - 39, 40 - 49, 50 - 59, older than 60 years; each group included approximately 100 individuals. Anti-HCV was determined in all the samples, HCV RNA was determined in samples positive for anti-HCV. Phylogenetic analysis with a time scale for the detected genovariants of HCV was carried out for reconstruction of the history of prevalence of HCV in Khabarovsk Region. Trees were constructed using BEAST vl.8.2 program by 2 genome sequences - core (1043 bp) and NS5B (389 bp). Results. The mean prevalence of anti-HCV among the examined individuals was 9.3% (87/940). The proportion of individuals with a current HCV-infection (presence of HCV RNA) was 4.2% (39/940). A sharp increase of HCV prevalence was observed beginning from the age group 20 - 29, where frequency of anti-HCV was 13.1% (13/99) that is 6 times higher compared with the previous age group of 15 - 19 (2,2%, p
PREVALENCE OF MARKERS OF ENTERAL VIRAL HEPATITIS AMONG MIGRANT WORKERS ARRIVING IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Alsalikh S. D. , Sychev D. A. , Potemkin I. A. , Kyuregyan K. K. , Mikhaylov M. I.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Determination of prevalence of markers of hepatitis A and E among migrant workers, who had recently arrived in Russian Federation from countries with various degree of endemicity regarding this infection. Materials and methods. Sera samples from 1333 migrant workers, who had recently arrived in Russian Federation from Uzbekistan (n=464), Tadzhikistan (n=415), Ukraine |n=308) and Moldova (n=146) were studied. Anti-HAV IgG, anti-HEV IgM and IgG were determined using commercial ELISA tests. HEV RNA was determined in samples positive for anti-HEV IgM by RT-PCR with degenerate primers to HEV genome sequence coding capsid protein. Anti-HEV IgG were detected significantly more frequently among migrants from Uzbekistan and Tajikistan compared with migrants from the Ukraine and Moldova (25,4 and 43,1% versus 7,8 and 12,3%, respectively, p
RABIES SURVEILLANCE IN CURRENT CONDITIONS
Authors: Simonova E. G. , Raichich S. R. , Kartavaya S. A. , Filatov N. N.
Published: September 2019

Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the current epizootic and epidemiological surveillance system in Russian Federation, which has demonstrated high effectiveness at the end of the last century, as well as determining the directions of its development in current conditions. Materials and methods. The following study materials were used: the official statistics, the results of epidemiological diagnosis and foreign research data. To assess the situation of rabies in the Russian Federation in 2000 - 2015 we used descriptive and evaluative epidemiological methods and data from our previously conducted research on the public awareness. Results. The nature of the modem epizootic and epidemiological situation of rabies in the Russian Federation has been revealed. It is shown that, despite the decrease in the number of reported cases of rabies in the population, infection risks remain high. In connection with the intensive migration of the population, low awareness and large-scale post-exposure prophylaxis, the clinical and epidemiological features of rabies are changing, reducing the effectiveness of supervision. Conclusion. The current system of epidemiological surveillance for rabies has to be improved by changing the organizational structure and optimize its diagnostic component.