bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial Scale Patterns of Genetic Diversity and Gene Flow in Populations of Sweet Detar (Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr.; Fabaceae)
Authors: AGBO Relique Ignace , Missihoun Antoine , Montcho David , Dagba Rollande , Sédah Paulin , Agbangla Clément
Published: September 2021

The main objective of this study is to investigate the patterns of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships within populations of Detarium microcarpum (Fabaceae) relative to different spatial conditions. Seventy-eight (78) accessions of D. microcarpum belonging to six populations (Phytogeographic districts) were sampled. In order to have very good quality DNA for molecular analysis, an optimization of the DNA isolation protocol was made. The molecular analysis of the accessions was carried out using 7 chloroplast microsatellite markers. The polymorphism rate (P) is 85.71% and the Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) was in the range of 0.43 (Ntcp_9) to 0.73 (Ccmp_2) with an average of 0.59. Allelic richness (A) ranged from 1.41 to 2.85 with an average of 2.04. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0.23 to 0.60 with an average of 0.39. The expected heterozygosity (He) ranged from 0.43 to 0.60 with a mean of 0.50. Wright's fixation index (FIS) ranged from − 0.17 to 0.47. The effective allele (Ae) is between 1.77 and 2.53 with an average of 2.02. Wright differentiation index (FST) was 0.024. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the NST value was significantly higher than the GST value (NST = 0.452; GST = 0.190; P < 0.05). A relatively low hd haplotype diversity is obtained (Hd = 0.320). AMOVA analysis showed that 17.35% of the variation existed within populations but 45.80% among populations within the species. Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree of D. microcarpum revealed three non-distinct clusters haplotypes showing the existence of gene flow between populations of the species. Our findings of genetic structure and gene flow of D. microcarpum populations based on different spatial conditions is caused by evolutionary forces such as scattering and pollination.
THE CONVERSION STRATEGY FROM LANDING CRAFT TANK INTO LIVESTOCK CARRIER: AN OVERVIEW OF TECHNICAL EVALUATION AND ECONOMICAL BENEFIT
Authors:   Department of Naval Architecture, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia, Yudo Hartono , Yulianti Serliana , Pratiwi Ovin Ranica , Tuswan Tuswan
Published: September 2021

The conversion of Landing Craft Tank into Livestock Carrier as an alternative solution was conducted by performing technical and economic assessments. The conversion analysis of LCT vessels to Livestock Carrier was achieved by performing layout rearrangement, stability test, seakeeping, and resistance test to measure the technical change occurring due to the modification. The economic added-value analysis was conducted by calculating the payback period to determine the estimated time needed to recover the cost of an investment. The result showed that the conversion of LCT ships has a good technical assessment. The intact and damage stability performance qualifies the standard criteria given by the IMO standard. The motion result qualifies the standard according to the type of vessel in terms of heave, pitch, and roll motions. Moreover, the resistance of the Livestock Carrier is reduced due to a decrease in displacement and draft. In terms of economic assessment, the Livestock Carrier conversion project qualifies for investment projects and improves the use-value and economy of a business segment.
Production of Bacteriocin by Various Strains of Pediococcus acidilacti during Batch Fermentation and Identification of the Pediocin Structural Genes
Authors: Vafadoost R. , Elegado F.B. , Aghajani D. , Perez M.T.M.
Published: September 2021

Bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides produced by certain bacteria that can be alternatives to traditional antibiotics. This study aimed at evaluating large-scale bacteriocin production by the Pediococcus acidilactici strains in batch fermentation and to analyze the pediocin structural gene (papA) by bioinformatic methods. The fermentation using bacterial strains was carried out in Sartorius Biostat A-Plus Bioreactor, and the bacteriocin production was tested on Listeria innocua as a result of 24 h fermentation. The pediocin structural gene papA was amplified, and the amplicons of each strain were sequenced and analyzed to assess the secondary structure of pediocin and related metabolic pathways. It was shown that the papA structural gene sequence is a conserved region. All strains with a papA amplicon synthesis exhibited active bacteriocin synthesis Keywords: fermentation, Pediococcus acidilactici, purified bacteriocin, pediocin structural gene Funding - The authors acknowledge the grant support by the National Institutes of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (BIOTECH), Laguna, Philippines.
Technology for Growing Yeast on Nutrient Media from Silphium perfoliatum Green Mass
Authors: Tsugkieva V.B. , Нoziev A.M. , Dzantieva L.B. , Soldatova I.E.
Published: September 2021

It has been found that the cup plant green mass is a promising substrate to culture yeasts, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A comparative study of efficiency to use the dried and intact green mass of this plant as a component of the medium for yeast cultivation was carried out. In the Republic of Ossetia-Alania, S. perfoliatum is a perennial, high-yield introduced species, yielding up to 1500 cwt of green mass per hectare. Using the cup plant green mass in to grow yeasts is economically beneficial, due to its high nutrient content.

Key words: yeasts, culture media, cup plant, hydrolysis, biomass

Funding - The work was financed by the extra-budgetary fund of the Gorsky State Agrarian University.
Effect of Disinfectants on SARS-CoV-2 RNA Detection in Swabs from Various Surfaces
Authors: Lazareva E.A. , Yatsentyuk S.P.
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has spread rapidly around the world, and some countries have introduced controls on imported products, including testing for viral nucleic acids. In this work, the influence of disinfectants for treatment of various SARS-CoV-2-contaminated surfaces on the detection of viral RNA fragments in swabs from these surfaces was analyzed using quantitative RT-PCR. The effect of disinfectants based on quaternary ammonium salt, hydrogen peroxide, 1-propanol, sodium salt of dichloroisocyanuric acid and ultraviolet radiation was investigated. Our results show that without the exposure to disinfectants, viral RNA can be detected on the surface of all examined materials for at least three days. UV irradiation or irrigation with a disinfectant containing 0.2% active chlorine had the greatest effect on the decontamination of non-porous surfaces as measured by RT-PCR of swabs from these surfaces. Irrigation of porous surfaces (cardboard) with disinfectants had practically no effect on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by RT-PCR.

Key words: SARS-CoV-2, viral RNA, RT-PCR, disinfectants, UV irradiation, surface swabs

Funding - This work was supported by the Federal Service of Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor).
Comparative Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo Behavior of Gels Based on Polyvinylpyrrolidone
Authors: Ogannisyan A.S. , Stafford V.V. , Terekhova R.P. , Akhmedov B.G.
Published: September 2021

A series of experiments aimed at studying antimicrobial properties of gel experimental samples has been carried out, and their prolonged action in vivo and in vitro has been compared. The gel under study is a processed composition based on polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and antimicrobial drugs; it is intended for the prevention and treatment of implant-associated infection in traumatology and orthopedics. Two methods were used to process the composition: ionizing radiation and heating. PVP treated in this way is a matrix for drug delivery to the structures of the articular cavity, which allows using antimicrobial medicines, in particular gentamicin and fosfomycin, for targeted influence on infectious agents. All gel samples, regardless of the method for their preparation, exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, the main causative agent of postoperative infectious processes. The antimicrobial properties of the gel were long-lasting; they were observed for 14 days. No pathological changes were found in the tissues adjacent to the gel.

Key words: implant-associated infection, surgery, traumatology, biofilm, polymer hydrogel, gentamicin, fosfomycin
Complex of Enzymes for Efficient Conversion of Dried Apricot Biocomponents in the Production of Food Ingredients for Alcoholic Beverages
Authors: Morozova S.S. , Gallyamova L.P. , Titova O.T.
Published: September 2021

The results of the study of multienzyme compositions to process dry apricots before infusion for the subsequent preparation of semi-finished products for alcoholic beverage production are presented. The following preparations were used: pectinase (Fructozyme Color) and cellulose (BrewZyme BGX, Fructozyme P6-L) and cellulose (BrewZyme BGX). Pretreatment of the dry apricot pulp in the obtaining of aqueous infusion significantly affects its yield. The optimum composition of the multienzyme mixture was selected for the catalysis of high-molecular polymers of dried apricot pulp. Physicochemical and rheological characteristics of enzymatic hydrolysates were improved compared to the control option (without treatment): the yield of the aqueous infusion increased by 3 times, the viscosity was reduced by 2 times, and the turbidity decreased by 1.7 times due to the complete degradation of pectin compounds. Enzymatic hydrolysis of cell walls led to a growth of the mass concentration of soluble components, the content of total phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, as well as antioxidant activity.

Key words: enzyme preparations, pectin substances, total phenolic substances, anthocyanins, antioxidant activity, turbidity

Funding - The research was supported by a grant for the state assignment within the framework of the Program of Fundamental Scientific Research of the State Academies of Sciences (topic no. 0529-2019-0057).
Docência(s) – história, formação e prática escolares
Authors: Santos Jean Mac Cole Tavares , Fialho Lia Machado Fiuza , Medeiros Emerson Augusto de
Published: September 2021

Este texto, de natureza introdutória, ergue discussões sobre a docência em diferentes espaços e níveis educacionais. Apresenta o conjunto de artigos produzidos por professores e pesquisadores de instituições nacionais e internacionais que socializam investigações validando a docência a partir de um enfoque histórico, da formação docente e das práticas escolares. Defende a docência como uma ação complexa situada no tempo histórico, bem como em um contexto social, cultural e político. Argumenta, com base nas produções acadêmicas aludidas no dossiê, que a docência contribui para a formação humana e crítica do sujeito.
Synergistic Effect of Hypokalemia and Atrial Fibrillation on Prognosis in
Patients with Stroke after Intravenous Thrombolysis
Authors: Wei Li-Min , Ge Wan-Qian , Huang Jia-Sheng , Zhou Cheng-Ye
Published: September 2021

Background:

The association between atrial fibrillation (AF) and the prognosis of intravenous
thrombolysis (IVT) in patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) is debated. Hypokalemia
is highly prevalent in patients with AF. We aimed to investigate the effect of hypokalemia and AF
on the prognosis of AIS patients following IVT.

Method:

AIS patients undergoing IVT were enrolled and divided into four groups: normokalemia
and non-AF, normokalemia and AF, hypokalemia and non-AF, hypokalemia and AF. Logistic regression
was applied to analyze the impact of hypokalemia, AF, and their combination on the prognosis
of patients.

Results:

The analysis included 567 patients, 184 with 3-month poor prognosis (modified Rankin
Scale score of 3-6). Following adjustment of risk factors, hypokalemia and AF increased the risks
for 3-month poor prognosis (adjusted Odds Ratios (aOR) = 4.97; 95% confidence interval (CI),
1.99-12.44, P =.001), early neurological deterioration (END) (aOR=7.98; 95% CI, 3.55-17.95, P
<.001), 1-year poor prognosis (aOR=5.05; 95% CI, 1.99-12.81, P =.001), 1-year all-cause death
(aOR =6.95; 95% CI, 2.35-20.56, P <.001). Patients with normokalemia and AF merely increased
the risk of 1-year all-cause death (aOR=2.69; 95% CI, 1.10-6.61, P=.013). Patients with hypokalemia
and non-AF were not associated with any poor prognosis. There were combined and interactive
effects of hypokalemia with AF on the 3-month poor prognosis (P for interaction =.039)
and END (P for interaction=.005).

Conclusion:

Hypokalemia and AF synergistically increased the risk of near-term poor prognosis,
END, long-term poor prognosis, and all-cause death of AIS patients following IVT.
The Association Between Self-reported Food Addiction Symptoms and
Obesity Among Adults: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Alhaj Omar A. , Mahmoud Iman , Sharif Amina , Saif Zahra , Jahrami Haitham , Morris Keith
Published: September 2021

Background:

The prevalence of overweight and obesity is still on the rise worldwide.
Uncontrolled craving for specific foods has been associated with overweight/ obesity,
categorizing them as possible abuse-related disorders with food addiction (FA) as their possible
main phenotype. The association between FA and the onset of overweight/ obesity is still
controversial, yet scientifically plausible and is the focus of many recent overweight/ obesityrelated
investigations.

Objective:

The current study was the first to examine the association of FA symptoms and obesity
among young Bahraini adults.

Methods:

This study was designed using a cross-sectional research method recruiting a convenience
sample of 654 adults aged 18-35 years. FA prevalence using Yale Food Addiction
Scale (YFAS), sociodemographic, and anthropometric data, were collected using an online
self-declared, semi-structured questionnaire. The descriptive results of the YFAS survey and
the sociodemographic and anthropometric information were reported using descriptive statistics.
Multiple regression test was utilized to analyze the correlations among examined factors.

Results:

A total of 124 (18.96%) participants met the criteria for FA. Responses showed that
females had a slightly higher proportion of FA compared to the male participants. Results also
showed no statistically significant association between various body mass index (BMI) categories
and YFAS. For overweight participants, gender p = 0.018 appeared to be a significant predictor
for BMI; and for obese participants, age p=0.001 and sex p= 0.001 appeared to be significant
predictors of BMI.

Conclusions:

No significant correlation was found between FA and BMI, age, and gender; on
the other hand, age and gender were significant predictors for BMI.
Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for In Vitro Cytotoxic Attributes of Conyza bonariensis Extract against Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Jurkat Cells
Authors: Saleem Mohammad , Schini-Kerth Valerie B. , Hussain Khalid , Khalid Syed H. , Asif Muhammad , Alhosin Mahmoud , Akhtar Muhammad F. , Ahmad Bashir , Raza Atif , Mahrukh
Published: September 2021

Background:

Conyza bonariensis is known to have anti-cancer properties.

Objective:

The current study investigated the in vitro pro-apoptotic properties of Conyza bonariensis (C. bonariensis)
towards human lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cells.

Methods:

Ariel parts of C. bonariensis were macerated in a non-polar (n-Hexane) solvent. MTS cell viability assay
was employed to determine the cytotoxic activity of the extract towards human leukemia Jurket cells and normal Peripheral
Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs). The phytochemical composition of the extract was screened using HPLC
method. Flow cytometric studies (FACS) were conducted to explore the pro-apoptotic potential of the extract. Western
blot studies were employed to identify the molecular targets involved in the induction of apoptosis

Results:

The n-hexane extract showed selective cytotoxic activity towards Jurkat cells. FACS analysis indicated that
the extract induced early and late apoptosis in Jurkat cells. Western blot studies revealed that the extract downregulated
the expression of DNMT1, SIRT1, and UHRF1 with a simultaneous up-regulation of p73 and caspases-3
proteins expression. HPLC characterization of the extract revealed the presence of phenolic compounds.

Conclusion:

Overall, these findings demonstrate that the anti-cancer effects of a Conyza bonariensis extract towards
human lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cells are due to the modulation of the activity of multiple oncogenic and tumor
suppressor proteins. Phenolic contents of the extract are proposed to be responsible for these activities.
Persistent Hiccups as an Atypical Initial Presentation of COVID-19: A
Case Report
Authors: Dadras Omid , Asghari Alimohamad , Nosratzahi Atefe
Published: September 2021

Introduction:

SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus that causes acute respiratory syndrome
in humans. It is also known as COVID-19 and was first discovered in Wuhan, Hubei Province in China
in December 2019 and soon became a global pandemic. The common symptoms of COVID-19 include
fever, fatigue, and dry cough; however, there are some atypical symptoms that remain either unreported
or underreported.

Case summary:

In this case report, we described a 48-year-old diabetic man who presented with the
chief complaint of persistent hiccups (<48h) to the emergency room with no history of malignancy, GI,
cardiovascular, or neurological diseases. The patient also mentioned intermittent cough and mild dyspnea
initiated the morning of admission day. On physical examination, other than mild tachycardia and
tachypnea, there were no notable findings. Following an abnormal chest X-Ray, a chest CT scan was
carried out, and peripheral ground-glass opacities along with scattered round opacities were identified
in both lungs’ fields. Given the strong suspicion of COVID-19, an RT-PCR test was performed, and
the symptomatic treatment was initiated. The patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 following the
PCR result release. The treatment was initiated per the protocol, and the patient was transferred to the
isolated room and discharged after four days following the relief of the symptoms.

Conclusion:

It is critical for medical practitioners to seriously consider the possibility of COVID-19 in
a patient with similar presentations and isolate the patient at the asymptomatic stages to eliminate the
possibility of virus transmission.
Effect of Red Mud Content on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of the Composites Fabricated using Recycled Pet Resin
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Kumar Harmesh , Singh Sehijpal
Published: September 2021

Background:

Red Mud (RM) is a solid waste produced by alumina production in the
Bayer process. At present, it is being stored or dumped on the land or in the oceans. To utilize
RM, extensive work has been done by the researchers to develop various techniques. The production
of PC (Polymer Concrete) is one of the economical and efficient methods to recycle the RM.

Methods:

In this study, the RM has been utilized to fabricate the PC using the recycled PET resin
as the binder with fly ash, silica fume and foundry sand as the fillers. By varying the RM content,
the influence on the workability, shrinkage, ultrasonic velocity, toughness, modulus of elasticity,
mechanical strength, water absorption and acid resistance has been observed.

Results:

For the specimens cured for 56 days, the values of compressive strength, flexural
strength and split tensile strength have been increased by 20.26%, 49.11% and 61.99%, respectively.
The water absorption has been reduced by 23.5%. Also, the loss in compressive strength
under the effect of the 30%HCl has been decreased by 25%.

Conclusion:

The specimens containing 20% of red mud content have shown maximum values.
Fine particles of RM have increased the mortar compactness and produced high-density PC with
reduced density, and the ultrasonic pulse velocity has been reduced due to a decrement in density
and modulus of elasticity values.
A comparative study of information change in translation of nonfiction literature
Authors: Havumetsä Nina
Published: September 2021

The present paper compares translations from Russian into Finnish, Swedish, and English of a work of political non-fiction, Всякремлевскаярать: КраткаяисториясовременнойРоссии(lit. All the Kremlin men: A short history of contemporary Russia) by Mikhail Zygar (2016a) and investigates the use of information change as a translation strategy. Information change covers addition and omission of non-inferable content, used either separately or sequentially (i.e. addition following omission resulting in substitution). De Metsenaere’s and Vandepitte’s (2017) notions of addition and omission are applied. The study shows that the translations into Finnish and Swedish exhibit similarly infrequent use of information changing strategies while the English translation appears more liberal in their use. Possible reasons for the additions, omissions, substitutions, and their effects are discussed, as is the potential impact of the English translations on translation norms
Repurposed texts and translation: the case of José Saramago’s El Silencio del Agua in Turkish
Authors: Carvalho İmren Gökce Vaz de
Published: September 2021

: This article focuses on the Turkish translation of a picturebook by Portuguese Nobel laureate author José Saramago, first published in 2012 after the author’s death. The source text for this translation was a Spanish picturebook for children, El Silencio del Agua, created by the Barcelona-based publisher Libros del Zorro Rojo in 2011 by publishing an excerpt from the Spanish translation of Saramago’s book As Pequenas Memórias(Las Pequeñas Memorias, 2007) as an illustrated stand-alone children’s book. This represents a repurposing of the work since both As Pequenas Memóriasand Las Pequeñas Memoriastargeted an adult readership. The Turkish picturebook, translated from the “original”Spanish picturebook, was published with the same illustrations by Manuel Estrada. Meanwhile, the Portuguese work As Pequenas Memóriashad also been translated into Turkish, much before the publication of the picturebook, by another translator directly from Portuguese. Inthis study, the two Turkish translations (the Turkish picturebook and the equivalent passage from the Turkish translation of the ultimate source text) are compared to find out how repurposing a text originally written for adult readership as children’s literature influences its translation. The case of El Silencio del Aguain Turkish also raises interesting questions about how the cultural status of author and translator affects translation, as well as touching on current debates taking place in the spheres of children’s literature, retranslation, indirect translation, and reception studies.
Harvesting new realities in Portugal: literary retranslation and J. D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye
Authors: Cardoso Tiago
Published: September 2021

Retranslation –in this case literary –is a practice that, despite existing for centuries, only started to be discussed in Translation Studies in the 1990s. Indeed, its very definition has proved problematic. With the purpose of contributing to the debate on this subject, this article aims to explore the reasons behind the retranslation of literaryworks, showing at the same time how it can be observed in practice. To achieve this, a comparison will be made of two Portuguese translations of J. D. Salinger’s novel TheCatcher in the Rye(1951a): one of them by João Palma Ferreira (1962), written during the Estado Novo regime, and the other by José Lima (2005), produced in more recent democratic Portugal. The differences found illustrate the idea that when a country goes through several transformations at the sociopolitical and cultural level, translations are susceptible to change too.
A tradução do hedonismo em O retrato de Dorian Gray: o dândi de Januário Leite vs o Fausto de Margarida Vale de Gato
Authors: Bretes Ana Rita Pereira
Published: September 2021

Pretende-se com este trabalho interpretar a noção de hedonismo em O Retrato de Dorian Gray,o único romance escrito por Oscar Wilde, no texto de partida e nos dois textos de chegada com maior número de edições em Portugal: a tradução de Januário Leite e a de Margarida Vale de Gato. Num primeiro momento, é analisado o conceito geral de hedonismo e o significado deste para Oscar Wilde, bem como exemplos concretos relacionados com tal doutrina filosófico-moral no texto de partida. Num segundo momento, é abordado o estatuto do autor no sistema de partida e no sistema de chegada, através de um breve estudo da sua recepção literária. Para avaliação da fortuna literária da obra em Portugal, procedeu-se adicionalmente a uma pesquisa atenta do histórico das mais de 30 publicações no nosso país, desde a primeira tradução feita no Brasil e posteriormente publicada em Portugal. São também esclarecidas as razões que levaram as editoras a apostar em várias edições e reimpressões dessa tradução da obra. Num terceiro momento, são dados a conhecer os perfis dos tradutores em foco, e, por fim, é feita uma comparaçãoentre os dois textos de chegada. Procura-se pôr em evidência em que medida o tradutor, como leitor e intérprete do texto de partida, o transforma, condicionado pelas suas vivências, pelo público a quem se dirige e pela época em que se insere. Por último, o presente estudo visa encontrar a resposta para a questão: de que forma o hedonismo de Wilde foi transfigurado, ao sabor dos tempos, das vontades das editoras, dos tradutores e dos leitores, na época do Estado Novo, com a tradução de Januário Leite, e, nofinal do século XX, com a de Margarida Vale de Gato.
Potiki in Portuguese: language hybridity and the pitfalls of paratext
Authors: Sarabando Andreia
Published: September 2021

This article looks at the Portuguese translation of Patricia Grace’sPotiki, and more specifically at the paratextual elements that it contains, as a response to the linguistic hybridity of its source text. Potiki incorporates Māori elements in its mostly English-language text in a way that is common in Māori fiction writing these days, but which was groundbreaking at the time of its release, in 1986. The Portuguese translation’s decision to include paratextual information clarifying the meaning of words and expressions, which is absent from English-language publications, can be considered controversial and, moreover, runs counter to contemporary approaches to hybrid linguistic features in fictional texts.
Derrubando pilares: como o rigor científico transformou a investigação empírica em TAV
Authors: Martinez Sabrina Lopes
Published: September 2021

A tradução audiovisual (TAV) é hoje uma das vertentes de investigação mais férteis nos Estudos de Tradução. Desde o nascimento da disciplina no âmbito acadêmico nos anos 1990, a TAV passou por quatro viragens principais: a descritiva, a cultural, a sociológica e a cognitiva (Chaume, 2018). Concentrando-se especificamente na modalidade legendagem, este artigo explora as recentes investigações empíricas sobre recepção em tradução audiovisual que, aliadas à tecnologia, transformaram a maneira como a pesquisa em TAV é conduzida. Graças às novas descobertas dessas investigações, diretrizes tradicionais adotadas pela indústria da legendagem estão sendo atualizadas.
Tarjeta de memoria / Memory card
Authors:   Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Acosta Paula Andrea , Casasbuenas María José ,   Politécnico Grancolombiano
Published: September 2021

Se constituye como espacio de reflexión sobre la producción fotográfica desde perspectivas teóricas e históricas transversales y propuestas de índole visual encaminadas a escenificar las rupturas y (re)encuentros de los procesos de digitalización y las oportunidades que las redes sociales virtuales suscitan. Así, se buscan refutar, reconsiderar, dialogar, expandir, validar y confrontar formas de enunciaci.n y creación inherentes a las políticas de representación propias del lenguaje fotográfico, desde la emergencia de una confluencia que concierne a todo aquel que interactúe con imágenes y dispositivos fotográficos en la actualidad.
Adverse Drug Events in the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19: A Data Mining Study on FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) (Preprint)
Authors: Guo Qiang , Duan Shaojun , Liu Yaxi , Yuan Yinxia
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

In the emergency situation of COVID-19, off-label therapies and newly developed vaccines may bring the patients adverse drug event (ADE) risks. Data mining based on spontaneous reporting systems (SRSs) is a promising and efficient way to detect potential ADEs so as to help health professionals and patients get rid of these risks.

OBJECTIVE

This pharmacovigilance study aimed to investigate the ADEs of “Hot Drugs” in COVID-19 prevention and treatment based on the data of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) adverse event reporting system (FAERS).

METHODS

FAERS ADE reports associated with COVID-19 from the 2nd quarter of 2020 to the 2nd quarter of 2021 were retrieved with “Hot Drugs” and frequent ADEs recognized. A combination of support, proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and Chi-square (2) test was applied to detect significant “Hot Drug” & ADE signals by Python programming language on Jupyter notebook.

RESULTS

13,178 COVID-19 cases were retrieved with 18 “Hot Drugs” and 312 frequent ADEs on “Preferred Term” (PT) level. 18  312 = 5,616 “Drug & ADE” candidates were formed for further data mining. The algorithm finally produced 219 significant ADE signals associated with 17 “Hot Drugs”and 124 ADEs.Some unexpected ADE signals were observed for chloroquine, ritonavir, tocilizumab, Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccine and Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine.

CONCLUSIONS

Data mining is a promising and efficient way to assist pharmacovigilance work and the result of this paper could help timely recognize ADEs in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
Preference of the Waterlily Aphid, Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Four Hostplants
Authors: Fahmi Ilmam Zul , Putra Nugroho Susetya , Indarti Siwi , Sato Satoru
Published: September 2021

Waterlily aphid Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae is one of the aphids that have many hosts, including Azolla filiculoides, Limnobium laevigatum, Monochoria vaginalis and Spirodela polyrhiza. The aim of this study was to study the effect of host shift and confirm the results  of previous studies on the effect of nitrogen and carbon factors among A. filiculoides, L. laevigatum, M. vaginalis and S. polyrhiza on the level of aphid preference and number of offspring. Analysis of the nitrogen and carbon content of plants was also carried out to confirm the preference and number of offspring produced by aphids. The study began with maintaining aphids on the four tested hosts, up to the 4th generation. Twenty five individuals were randomly selected from each host, then released on the inner wall of the plastic container (14 x 7.5 x 15 cm3) which was filled with four hosts arranged side by side. Observations were made every 24 hours up to 97 hours starting from the first hour after treatment. Observations after 97 hours showed that waterlily aphids imago preferred L. laevigatum the most (49.28%), then on M. vaginalis (20.43%), S. polyrhiza (16.33%), and A. filiculoides (1.75%). Meanwhile, the number of offspring produced by each group of aphids that selected on four hosts were: 46.65 individuals on L. laevigatum, 37.8 individuals on M. vaginalis, 19 individuals on S. polyrhiza, and 0.6 individuals on A. filiculoides. The analysis showed that the highest nitrogen content was found in M. vaginalis (4.16%), followed by S. polyrhiza (3.71%), L. laevigatum (2.33%), and A. filiculoides (2.08%).
Identification of Pathogens Causing Bulb Rot Disease on Garlic (Allium sativum L.) in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Arifin Lutfi , Indarti Siwi , Wibowo Arif
Published: September 2021

Garlic bulb rot disease was found from garlics (Allium sativum L.) cultivated from 2017 to 2019 by farmers in Central Java Province, Indonesia. The initial symptoms of the disease were stunted, leaf yellowing, and necrotizing to rotten bulbs. This research was conducted to determine the major causal agent of garlic bulb rot disease in Central Java. A survey was carried out in five regencies across Central Java that were major garlic-producing areas. Nematodes were isolated using water immersion methode and pathogenic fungi were isolated on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Nematode identification was carried out based on the Ditylenchus dipsaci morphological and morphometric character. Seven isolates of Fusarium species were obtained from infected garlic. Identification of four chosen isolates were performed by sequencing the TEF-1α gene. The TEF sequence of isolate TB3, KK1, and KK4 showed 99% similarity with several F. oxysporum, BT3 sequences showed 98% identity with several F. solani, and all were deposited in the NCBI GenBank. Three locations were positively infected by the interaction between D. dipsaci and Fusarium sp. Based on the results of the morphological identification, parasitic nematode was identified as D. dipsaci, while based on the morphological and molecular identification isolates Fusarium were identified as F. oxysporum and F. solani, respectively, as first report causal agents of garlic bulbs rot in Central Java.
Cost–effectiveness of empagliflozin versus weekly semaglutide as add-on therapy for Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zupa Margaret F , Codario Ronald A , Smith Kenneth J
Published: September 2021

Aim:
Perform a cost–effectiveness analysis of addition of subcutaneous semaglutide versus empagliflozin to usual treatment for patients with Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in US setting.
Materials & methods:
A Markov decision model estimated the impact of each strategy using cardiovascular complication rates based on EMPA-REG and SUSTAIN-6 trials. Modeled cohorts were followed for 3 years at 1-month intervals beginning at age 66.
Results:
Compared with empagliflozin, semaglutide resulted in cost of US$19,964 per quality-adjusted life-year gained. In one-way sensitivity analysis, only semaglutide cost >US$36.25/day (base case US$18.04) resulted in empagliflozin being preferred at a willingness-to-pay threshold of US$50,000/quality-adjusted life-year gained.
Conclusion:
For patients with Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, semaglutide is likely more cost-effective than empagliflozin added to usual treatment.
Comparative Study on the Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: Kajwe Nilesh
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Deep Learning methods have paved the way for elevating the future technology that is capable of changing the world. In modern times, size of data is increasing with the level of application. Deep learning enables the huge dataset to process the highly optimized algorithms with high accuracy as well as within low time. The network architecture of deep learning works similar to human brain nerves. The network accepts the input dataset and convert the data into matrix form that passed through multiple layers in which, each layer upgrade the data to deliver the prediction or classification at the end. Researchers explored the numerous deep learning models that portrayed an inspiration for developers and benefitted in the field of voice recognition, language translation, image categorization, stock market prediction etc. The concern behind the model is to effectively resolve the numerous tasks which need to distributed representation and human intelligence. The highly advanced processors like CPU and GPU has too enhanced the deep learning application through fast matrix calculations and image processing. We will take the sample of wind dataset and used it for comparing the different Deep Neural Network (DNN) artificial algorithm. Keywords: Analysis, comparison, deep learning, training, prediction.
Hydrogeochemical Studies of Groundwater In Industrial And Agricultural Area Of Gokul Shirgaon MIDC Region, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Patil Tejashri V.
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Groundwater is one of the earth’s most widely distributed and most important natural resources. Groundwater exists, wherever water penetrates beneath the surface. The rocks beneath the surface are permeable enough to transmit water, and at places, the rate of infiltration is so sufficient that the rocks are saturated to an appreciable thickness. This water may be fresh or brackish in quality. As the fresh water constitutes very little quantity of the total water available, we must think as to how best we can exploit it, and utilize it. With the growth of population, today in many of the places water has become a critical source. In many places it is dwindling both in quality and quantity, creating problems for the communities involved. Water Quality Index indicates the quality of drinking water by assessing physical, chemical and biological parameters of water. India had the most studies, with 177 articles, followed by China, Brazil and the United States. This four countries together published 57% of studies on WQI. Groundwater quality implies the level of concentration of different constituents of water which is ultimately described if it is suitable or not for drinking or other purpose such as irrigation. There are mainly three types of constituents or parameters for describing quality of groundwater as physiological, chemical and biological parameters. These parameters are described below: EC ,TDS, K, Na, Ca ,Mg ,TH, Co3, HCO3, Cl, SO4 ,and also we determine some trace element such as Copper (Cu) ,Lead (Pb), Manganese (Mn) ,Nickel (Ni) ,Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn). Keywords: Gokul Shirgaon , Hydrogeochemical , GroundWater
World Peace - Role of UN
Authors: Srivastava Himanshu
Published: September 2021

Abstract: When we talk about world peace and issues that are to be addressed then we are talking about all the big and small issues which are directly or even indirectly related to human rights, health, international law, justice, migration, oceans and seas, peace and security, population, refugees, water, gender equality, democracy, climate change, e.t.c. The Purpose of the study is that we have to understand the cause of armed conflicts. We have to develop the ways to prevent the war like situations, genocide, terrorism, e.t.c. Furthermore, we have to develop some systems and societies which can take care of all these. We have to educate ourselves and others to increase the awareness of mutual survival. We have to work on the elimination of all biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons in the world. Furthermore, we have to promote democracy with education because democracy without education is dangerous. The adverse effect of this can be remembered by how the dictatorship of Hitler came to an end in Germany.
Some Medicinal Herbs and Shrubs of District Solan (HP)
Authors: Mamta Pathania Singh
Published: September 2021

Abstract: The herbal medicines are in practice since time immortal. Medicinal plants are used for preventive, promotive and curative purposes. Eighty percent of the ingredients of drug formulation in Ayurveda are plant based. Himachal Pradesh which is a rich repository of medicinal wealth and occupy an important place in the Vedic treatise. India has probably the oldest, richest and most diverse cultural traditions within the use of medicinal plants. Indians 3500 BC, Chinese 3000 BC and Egyptians 2500 BC knew the properties of medicinal plants. Medicinal plants have served the human kind, for hundreds of years and still these plants are used traditionally to cure various diseases. Keywords: Medicinal plants, Herbal medicines, shrubs, Solan
Literature Review on Fatigue Life Analysis of Railway Track Incorporating Effect of Load Sequence
Authors: Chevvu Krishnaveni
Published: September 2021

Abstract: As the railways are the prime mode of transportation, it is extensive to concentrate on railways which increase the economic growth of the country. Considering that the railway traffic system has an enormous influence on the people, the strength reliability of those components is a very important matter related to the safety and safety of the people. As for the strength reliability, one amongst the important study themes is that the strength or fatigue characteristic of every railway component that's subject to repeated loads during use. The reason why it is necessary to consider the fatigue characteristic carefully is that fatigue is a microscopic fracture caused by the initiation and propagation of a crack due to a cyclic slip deformation of the scale of single grain, that fatigue occurs even under a stress smaller than the strength characteristic under a static load (e.g., tensile strength), which it can suddenly result in a fatal fracture without causing any macroscopic plastic deformation and also causes derailment. The literature survey carried out talks about the ideal model for studying dynamic response of railway track, linear and non-linear approaches to find the fatigue life of railway track, crack initiation and propagation, inspection interval for cracks. The literature survey carried out in this paper gives a fair idea about the research gap and thus motivates researchers to carry out future research on the gap found. Keywords: Fatigue life, shear springs, dampers, literature survey, Rain-flow counting method, non-linear damage accumulation, linear mechanics approach, head checks crack and squat crack.
SANTRI AND ABANGAN AFTER A HALF CENTURY OF CLIFFORD GEERTZ
Authors: Nurish Amanah
Published: September 2021

This research paper analyzes the religious phenomenon of culture in Modjokuto or Pare, where Geertz carried out his thesis on the "Religion of Java." Although there are many pesantrens in Modjokuto, there is still a religious tradition associated with Kejawen as a local belief, particularly among rural Muslim farmers. Javanese mysticism, however, plays an important part in muslim abangan. Some rural villages in Modjokuto, both NU and Muhammadiyah, are not very distinct in religious tradition. They have performed slametan, tahlilan, and ziarah as religious rituals. Kejawen's teachings are more observed by traditionalist Moslems in Modjokuto, who commonly refer to abangan as the categorization of Islam in Java. Some claim that abangan refers to the proletarian class and former followers or founders of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI). Some also said that Islam abangan means adherents of the teachings of Sunan Kalijaga, Syech Siti Jenar, and all the descendants of Sufi masters. In addition, we cannot argue that since the reformation of Indonesia, Islam in Java has changed and has gone forward in a number of ways. As a result, this research paper is trying to explore Islam abangan and its resurgence in detail. I recognize that the resurgence of Islam abangan in Java is somehow intended to address the increasing radicalism and Islamic sectarian. Using an anthropological approach, this research paper attempts to explore what Geertz examined in the "Religion of Java" after a half-century, which needs to be re-examined in the context of contemporary Indonesia.
TEACHER AS A ROLE MODEL IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Fithriani Fithriani , Syabuddin Syabuddin , Gunawan Gunawan , Zainuddin T. , Sulaiman Sulaiman
Published: September 2021

The importance of the teachers as role models for students is related to their personality to build the character of students. Character education can be carried out through existing programs in schools, such as integrating it in learning and implementing it through extracurricular activities. In addition, the curriculum influences all educational activities; without a curriculum, the learning process will not work well. In this case, the role of the teachers is not only to educate students following the curriculum demands but also to provide an example to students by becoming individual role models. Teachers who become role models will be able to show attitudes and behaviour following values and norms in daily life so that students can see and imitate them. Teacher as a role model will support the character education program and help students to have good character
JIHAD AND RADICALISM: EPISTEMOLOGY OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION AT PESANTREN AL-FURQAN IN MUSI RAWAS DISTRICT
Authors: Warsah Idi
Published: September 2021

Jihad and radicalism are often juxtaposed as if jihad is identical to radicalism. Unfortunately, the general public often mistakenly associates Pesantren with radicalism. Islam does not teach radicalism; instead Islam is a religion of peace. The concept of jihad in Islam cannot be identified with religious radicalism because jihad has broad meanings. This study was conducted to find out the epistemology of Islamic education at Pesantren in terms of the issues of jihad and radicalism. This study was conducted at Pesantren Al-Furqon in Musi Rawas district. Pesantren Al-Furqon organized an integrated Islamic school providing education making Islam a basis and guideline in carrying out learning activities and in shaping students’ attitudes and behavior. This study revealed that Islamic education at Pesantren Al-Furqon taught students to behave nobly according to Islamic teachings. Jihad was interpreted as sincere efforts to bring about peace but not in the sense of radicalism.
Al-Qur’an wa al-Dirasah al-Iqtisadiyah: al-Azmah fi Libya wa Mu’alajatuha Hasb Nadzariyah Sayyidina Yusuf as
Authors: Al-Maghadmi Saham Muhammad , Muslimin JM , Ghazali Lathaif M
Published: September 2021

The study aims to describe the plan and solution for economic crisis in the era of Prophet Yusuf and to find out how the economic crisis in Libya was and the implementation of the plan in order to solve Libyan economic crisis. The researcher employed descriptive analysis as the research method. The data were collected using scientific documents and interviews. The study result shows that economic crisis in the era of Prophet Yusuf included fifteen years of food crisis and the budget planning consisted of three stages namely: early warning stage and the preparation for the crisis called as the seven first phase and phase facing the crisis called as the seven second phase and the reactivity phase is called as annual cycle. The Libyan economic crisis was due to the decrease of its macroeconomy and the weak condition of state institutions leading to significant oil production decrease and the shutdown of the harbors, the increase of the unemployed due to drastic decrease of non-oil sector, liquidity in financial sector without state assistance further weakened Libyan economy both in the trade and industrial activities contributing to high inflation. The implementation of resolution for Libyan economic crisis: the use of agricultural cycle strategy, budget planning strategy, production distribution strategy using legalization knowledge, limited speculation, the planning of social relationship and price stabilization
Pemberdayaan Siswa dan Siswi SMA Plus Muhammadiyah Kota Subulussalam Melalui Program Bimbingan Belajar KPM DRI Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Cahyadi Cibro Aldi , Januar Eka
Published: September 2021

One of the problems experienced by some SMA Plus Muhammadiyah students in the city of Subulussalam is a lack of awareness of the potential of each individual, which if they maximize this potential it can be used as additional resources to produce a positive impact on themselves even for the surrounding crowd. One of the programs implemented to increase the potential of SMA Plus Muhammadiyah students is KPM DRI tutoring during the Covid-19 pandemic. This activity was held with the aim of 1) to build students' awareness of the importance of science.  2) to create and realize quality human resources with character, creative and innovative potential.  3) to encourage students to be more enthusiastic about learning and achieving brilliant achievements. The expected result through the KPM DRI tutoring program during the Covid-19 pandemic is an increase in the enthusiasm of students to be more active in exploring their potential.  In addition, the KPM DRI tutoring program during the Covid-19 pandemic can also help students who have difficulty doing school assignments given while doing routine learning in class.