bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stable isotope‐based trophic structure of pelagic fish and jellyfish across natural and anthropogenic landscape gradients in a fjord estuary
Authors: Naman Sean M. , Greene Correigh M. , Rice Casimir A. , Chamberlin Joshua , Conway‐Cranos Letitia , Cordell Jeffery R. , Hall Jason E. , Rhodes Linda D.
Published: October 2016

Identifying causes of structural ecosystem shifts often requires understanding trophic structure, an important determinant of energy flow in ecological communities. In coastal pelagic ecosystems worldwide, increasing jellyfish (Cnidaria and Ctenophora) at the expense of small fish has been linked to anthropogenic alteration of basal trophic pathways. However, this hypothesis remains untested in part because baseline description of fish–jellyfish trophic dynamics, and the environmental features that influence them are lacking. Using stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N), we examined spatiotemporal patterns of fish and jellyfish trophic structure in greater Puget Sound, an urbanizing fjord estuary in the NW United States. We quantified niche positions of constituent species, niche widths and trophic overlap between fish and jellyfish assemblages, and several community‐level trophic diversity metrics (resource diversity, trophic length, and niche widths) of fish and jellyfish combined. We then related assemblage‐ and community‐level measures to landscape gradients of terrestrial–marine connectivity and anthropogenic influence in adjacent catchments. Relative niche positions among species varied considerably and displayed no clear pattern except that fish generally had higher δ15N and lower δ13C relative to jellyfish, which resulted in low assemblage‐level trophic overlap. Fish assemblages had larger niche widths than jellyfish in most cases and, along with whole community trophic diversity, exhibited contrasting seasonal patterns across oceanographic basins, which was positively correlated to landscape variation in terrestrial connectivity. In contrast, jellyfish niche widths were unrelated to terrestrial connectivity, but weakly negatively correlated to urban land use in adjacent catchments. Our results indicate that fish–jellyfish trophic structure is highly heterogeneous and that disparate processes may underlie the trophic ecology of these taxa; consequently, they may respond divergently to environmental change. In addition, spatiotemporal variation in ecosystem connectivity, in this case through freshwater influence, may influence trophic structure across heterogeneous landscapes.
Impact of urbanization and gardening practices on common butterfly communities in France
Authors: Fontaine Benoît , Bergerot Benjamin , Le Viol Isabelle , Julliard Romain
Published: October 2016

We investigated the interacting impacts of urban landscape and gardening practices on the species richness and total abundance of communities of common butterfly communities across France, using data from a nationwide monitoring scheme. We show that urbanization has a strong negative impact on butterfly richness and abundance but that at a local scale, such impact could be mitigated by gardening practices favoring nectar offer. We found few interactions among these landscape and local scale effects, indicating that butterfly‐friendly gardening practices are efficient whatever the level of surrounding urbanization. We further highlight that species being the most negatively affected by urbanization are the most sensitive to gardening practices: Garden management can thus partly counterbalance the deleterious effect of urbanization for butterfly communities. This holds a strong message for park managers and private gardeners, as gardens may act as potential refuge for butterflies when the overall landscape is largely unsuitable.
Impact of haemoconcentration during acute heart failure therapy on mortality and its relationship with worsening renal function
Authors: Breidthardt Tobias , Weidmann Zoraida Moreno , Twerenbold Raphael , Gantenbein Claudine , Stallone Fabio , Rentsch Katharina , Rubini Gimenez Maria , Kozhuharov Nikola , Sabti Zaid , Breitenbücher Dominik , Wildi Karin , Puelacher Christian , Honegger Ursina , Wagener Max , Schumacher Carmela , Hillinger Petra , Osswald Stefan , Mueller Christian
Published: October 2016

Aims

Treatment goals in acute heart failure (AHF) are poorly defined. We aimed to characterize further the impact of in‐hospital haemoconcentration and worsening renal function (WRF) on short‐ and long‐term mortality.

Methods and results

Haematocrit, haemoglobin, total protein, serum creatinine, and albumin levels were measured serially in 1019 prospectively enrolled AHF patients. Haemoconcentration was defined as an increase in at least three of four of the haemoconcentration‐defining parameters above admission values at any time during the hospitalization. Patients were divided into early (Day 1–4) and late haemoconcentration (>Day 4). Ninety‐day mortality was the primary endpoint. Haemoconcentration occurred in 392 (38.5%) patients, with a similar incidence of the early (44.6%) and late (55.4%) phenotype. Signs of decongestion (reduction in BNP blood concentrations, P = 0.003; weight loss, P = 0.002) were significantly more pronounced in haemoconcentration patients. WRF was more common in haemoconcentration patients (P = 0.04). After adjustment for established risk factors for AHF mortality, including WRF and HF therapy at discharge, haemoconcentration was significantly associated with a reduction in 90‐day mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37–0.95, P = 0.01]. The beneficial effect of haemoconcentration seemed to be exclusive for late haemoconcentration (late vs. early: adjusted HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.19–0.90, P = 0.03) and persisted in patients with or without WRF.

Conclusions

Haemoconcentration represents an inexpensive and easily assessable pathophysiological signal of adequate decongestion in AHF and is associated with lower mortality. WRF in the setting of haemoconcentration does not appear to offset the benefits of haemoconcentration.
Estimation of acidity constants, ionic mobilities and charges of antimicrobial peptides by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Tůmová Tereza , Monincová Lenka , Čeřovský Václav , Kašička Václav
Published: October 2016

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) was employed for the determination of thermodynamic acidity constants (pKa) and actual ionic mobilities of polycationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The effective electrophoretic mobilities of AMPs were measured by CE in a series of the background electrolytes within a wide pH range (2.00–12.25), at constant ionic strength (25 mM) and ambient temperature, using polybrene coated fused silica capillaries to suppress sorption of cationic AMPs to the capillary wall. Eventually, Haarhoff–Van der Linde peak fitting function was used for the determination of correct migration times of some AMPs peaks that were distorted by electromigration dispersion. The measured effective mobilities were corrected to 25°C. Mixed acidity constants, , and actual ionic mobilities, mi, of AMPs were determined by the nonlinear regression analysis of pH dependence of their effective mobilities. The values were recalculated to thermodynamic pKas using the Debye–Hückel theory. Thermodynamic pKa of imidazolium group of histidine residues was found to be in the range 3.72–4.98, pKa of α‐NH3+ group was in the range 6.14–6.93, and pKa of ε‐NH3+ group of lysine spanned the interval 7.26–9.84, depending on the particular amino acid sequence of the AMPs. Actual ionic mobilities of AMPs with positive charges from one to six elementary units achieved values (9.8 – 36.5) × 10−9 m2V−1s−1.
Camera system considerations for geomorphic applications of SfM photogrammetry
Authors: Mosbrucker Adam R. , Major Jon J. , Spicer Kurt R. , Pitlick John
Published: October 2016

The availability of high‐resolution, multi‐temporal, remotely sensed topographic data is revolutionizing geomorphic analysis. Three‐dimensional topographic point measurements acquired from structure‐from‐motion (SfM) photogrammetry have been shown to be highly accurate and cost‐effective compared to laser‐based alternatives in some environments. Use of consumer‐grade digital cameras to generate terrain models and derivatives is becoming prevalent within the geomorphic community despite the details of these instruments being largely overlooked in current SfM literature.

A practical discussion of camera system selection, configuration, and image acquisition is presented. The hypothesis that optimizing source imagery can increase digital terrain model (DTM) accuracy is tested by evaluating accuracies of four SfM datasets conducted over multiple years of a gravel bed river floodplain using independent ground check points with the purpose of comparing morphological sediment budgets computed from SfM‐ and LiDAR‐derived DTMs. Case study results are compared to existing SfM validation studies in an attempt to deconstruct the principle components of an SfM error budget.

Greater information capacity of source imagery was found to increase pixel matching quality, which produced eight times greater point density and six times greater accuracy. When propagated through volumetric change analysis, individual DTM accuracy (6–37 cm) was sufficient to detect moderate geomorphic change (order 100 000 m3) on an unvegetated fluvial surface; change detection determined from repeat LiDAR and SfM surveys differed by about 10%. Simple camera selection criteria increased accuracy by 64%; configuration settings or image post‐processing techniques increased point density by 5–25% and decreased processing time by 10–30%.

Regression analysis of 67 reviewed datasets revealed that the best explanatory variable to predict accuracy of SfM data is photographic scale. Despite the prevalent use of object distance ratios to describe scale, nominal ground sample distance is shown to be a superior metric, explaining 68% of the variability in mean absolute vertical error. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA
Cannabinoids prevent the amyloid β‐induced activation of astroglial hemichannels: A neuroprotective mechanism
Authors: Gajardo‐Gómez Rosario , Labra Valeria C. , Maturana Carola J. , Shoji Kenji F. , Santibañez Cristian A. , Sáez Juan C. , Giaume Christian , Orellana Juan A.
Published: October 2016

The mechanisms involved in Alzheimer's disease are not completely understood and how astrocytes and their gliotransmission contribute to this neurodegenerative disease remains to be fully elucidated. Previous studies have shown that amyloid‐β peptide (Aβ) induces neuronal death by a mechanism that involves the excitotoxic release of ATP and glutamate associated to astroglial hemichannel opening. We have demonstrated that synthetic and endogenous cannabinoids (CBs) reduce the opening of astrocyte Cx43 hemichannels evoked by activated microglia or inflammatory mediators. Nevertheless, whether CBs could prevent the astroglial hemichannel‐dependent death of neurons evoked by Aβ is unknown. Astrocytes as well as acute hippocampal slices were treated with the active fragment of Aβ alone or in combination with the following CBs: WIN, 2‐AG, or methanandamide (Meth). Hemichannel activity was monitored by single channel recordings and by time‐lapse ethidium uptake while neuronal death was assessed by Fluoro‐Jade C staining. We report that CBs fully prevented the hemichannel activity and inflammatory profile evoked by Aβ in astrocytes. Moreover, CBs fully abolished the Aβ‐induced release of excitotoxic glutamate and ATP associated to astrocyte Cx43 hemichannel activity, as well as neuronal damage in hippocampal slices exposed to Aβ. Consequently, this work opens novel avenues for alternative treatments that target astrocytes to maintain neuronal function and survival during AD. GLIA 2016 GLIA 2017;65:122–137
Relationships between parenting practices and perceptions of child behaviour among Korean immigrant mothers and fathers
Authors: Lee Boram , Keown Louise J. , Brown Gavin T. L.
Published: October 2016

This study examined parenting styles and culturally‐specific parenting practices of Korean immigrant mothers (N = 128) and fathers (N = 79) of children (ages 6–10) in New Zealand and the parenting predictors of child behaviour. Participants completed questionnaires on parenting styles and practices, and parental perceptions of child behaviour. Both parents indicated a high degree of devotion (Mo jeong) and involvement in care and education of their child with fathers were more likely than mothers to utilise shaming/love withdrawal and modesty encouragement. Results of regression analyses showed that there were some differences between mothers and fathers in the parenting predictors of child internalising and externalising behaviour problems and prosocial behaviour. Across the whole sample, there were contrasting relationships for authoritative parenting styles, devoted/involved parenting and modesty encouragement/shaming/non‐reasoning parenting practices with child behaviour problems. Results indicated a blend of Western and Korean parenting practices were being utilised after settling in New Zealand.
CHILDHOOD MENTAL HEALTH: AN ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Kemp Gail N. , Langer David A. , Tompson Martha C.
Published: October 2016

Research on childhood mental illness traditionally examines risk factors most proximal to the child. However, current trends reflect growing interest in how broader contextual factors contribute to psychopathology risk. In this study, we examined neighborhood‐level indicators as potential sources of chronic strain in a sample of 156 mother–child dyads; children were 8 to 12 years old. For most neighborhood indicators, data were collected at the level of census tracts using publicly available data sets. We hypothesized that these indicators would be both associated with greater overall mental health symptoms and specifically predictive of childhood symptoms of depression. We also examined potential mediators (maternal functioning and family cohesion) and moderators (maternal depression). Neighborhood indicators correlated with parents’ ratings of children's overall mental health problems, but did not correlate with children's self‐report of depression symptoms. Maternal functioning mediated neighborhood effects on children's overall mental health problems. Implications and directions for future research are presented.
RURAL–URBAN DISPARITIES IN ADOLESCENT RISKY BEHAVIORS: A FAMILY SOCIAL CAPITAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Jiang Guohe , Sun Fei , Marsiglia Flavio F.
Published: October 2016

This study examined differences in adolescent risky behaviors between rural communities and urban communities and identified specific factors predicting these differences from a family social capital perspective. Secondary data analysis was conducted using the 2012 state‐wide representative youth survey (N = 61,321) in Arizona, United States. The results mostly confirmed the already documented differences between rural–urban youth and related health disparities. The rates of cigarette use, alcohol use and driving after drinking were higher in rural respondents than those in urban respondents. However, the rate of drug use such as marijuana and methamphetamines was lower in rural respondents. The findings highlighted the importance of family structure, family relationships, and socio‐economic status as contributor to these rural/urban differences. These results were discussed from family capital perspective and practice and policy recommendations were provided for the United States and other societies like China that face similar rural–urban disparities in youth behavioral health.
VOLUNTEER RETENTION: THE IMPORTANCE OF ORGANISATIONAL SUPPORT AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT BREACH
Authors: Walker Arlene , Accadia Rebecca , Costa Beth M.
Published: October 2016

Volunteer organizations face issues related to the retention of volunteers, not unlike those found in the paid workforce; however, management and authority structures and practices are different. In previous research, support factors and psychological contracts have been found to contribute to retention of employees. Few studies of volunteers have investigated the appropriateness of these variables. Survey data from 721 Australian volunteers from diverse organizations were analyzed to learn to what degree perceived organizational support, coworker support, and psychological contract breach explained volunteer intention to remain, having controlled for age and tenure. Psychological contract breach explained much more of the variance in volunteer intention to remain than tenure, coworker support, or perceived organizational support. The relationship between psychological contract breach and volunteer intention to remain is similar to that found in the paid workforce, despite the differences in management in the 2 sectors.
Recent Developments in the MCRs Synthesis of Pyridopyrimidines and Spiro‐Pyridopyrimidines
Authors: Mamaghani Manouchehr , Hossein Nia Roghayeh
Published: October 2016

Because of biological and medicinal properties of pyridopyrimidines, synthesis of these heterocycles has attracted the interest of organic and medicinal chemists. This review focuses on the recent development in the multi‐component synthesis of pyridopyrimidine and spiro‐conjugated pyridopyrimidine systems. The present review describes the literature reports for the period 2000–2015, particularly those that involve the reactions of activated methylene, aldehyde or ketone, and amine in classical and nonclassical conditions.
Quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe sample preparation approach for pesticide residue analysis using traditional detectors in chromatography: A review
Authors: Rahman Md. Musfiqur , Abd El‐Aty A. M. , Kim Sung‐Woo , Shin Sung Chul , Shin Ho‐Chul , Shim Jae‐Han
Published: October 2016

In pesticide residue analysis, relatively low‐sensitivity traditional detectors, such as UV, diode array, electron‐capture, flame photometric, and nitrogen‐phosphorus detectors, have been used following classical sample preparation (liquid–liquid extraction and open glass column cleanup); however, the extraction method is laborious, time‐consuming, and requires large volumes of toxic organic solvents. A quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method was introduced in 2003 and coupled with selective and sensitive mass detectors to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks. Compared to traditional detectors, mass spectrometers are still far more expensive and not available in most modestly equipped laboratories, owing to maintenance and cost‐related issues. Even available, traditional detectors are still being used for analysis of residues in agricultural commodities. It is widely known that the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method is incompatible with conventional detectors owing to matrix complexity and low sensitivity. Therefore, modifications using column/cartridge‐based solid‐phase extraction instead of dispersive solid‐phase extraction for cleanup have been applied in most cases to compensate and enable the adaptation of the extraction method to conventional detectors. In gas chromatography, the matrix enhancement effect of some analytes has been observed, which lowers the limit of detection and, therefore, enables gas chromatography to be compatible with the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction method. For liquid chromatography with a UV detector, a combination of column/cartridge‐based solid‐phase extraction and dispersive solid‐phase extraction was found to reduce the matrix interference and increase the sensitivity. A suitable double‐layer column/cartridge‐based solid‐phase extraction might be the perfect solution, instead of a time‐consuming combination of column/cartridge‐based solid‐phase extraction and dispersive solid‐phase extraction. Therefore, replacing dispersive solid‐phase extraction with column/cartridge‐based solid‐phase extraction in the cleanup step can make the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction method compatible with traditional detectors for more sensitive, effective, and green analysis.
Identifying the Critical Success Factors and an Optimal Solution for Mobile Technology Adoption in Travel Agencies
Authors: Lin Sheng‐Wei
Published: October 2016

To effectively use of mobile technologies, this study develops a multifaceted framework to analyze critical success factors and determine an optimal solution for mobile technology adoption by using hybrid multiple criteria decision‐making methods. The results show that the most important and common critical success factors (CSFs) are top management support and consumer needs. Meanwhile, experienced adopters also addressed market trends and customer relationships, as well as prioritized the adoption of mobile websites, whereas potential adopters were concerned about organizational innovativeness and considered quick response (QR) codes as the most suitable mobile technology. Finally, some academic and managerial implications are offered at the end of the study. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stability and optimal control of a delayed HIV model
Authors: Rocha Diana , Silva Cristiana J. , Torres Delfim F. M.
Published: October 2016

We propose and investigate a delayed model that studies the relationship between HIV and the immune system during the natural course of infection and in the context of antiviral treatment regimes. Sufficient criteria for local asymptotic stability of the infected and viral free equilibria are given. An optimal control problem with time delays both in state variables (incubation delay) and control (pharmacological delay) is then formulated and analyzed, where the objective consists to find the optimal treatment strategy that maximizes the number of uninfected CD4 +  T cells as well as cytotoxic T lymphocyte immune response cells, keeping the drug therapy as low as possible. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pulmonary relaxometry with inversion recovery ultra‐fast steady‐state free precession at 1.5T
Authors: Bauman Grzegorz , Santini Francesco , Pusterla Orso , Bieri Oliver
Published: October 2016

Purpose

To present a technique for simultaneous mapping of T1, T2, and relative spin density (M0) in human lung using inversion recovery ultra‐fast steady‐state free precession (IR‐ufSSFP) imaging.

Methods

Pulmonary relaxometry with IR‐ufSSFP is based on an interleaved time series acquisition of 2D images acquired at 1.5T. The technique was tested in a phantom and in four healthy volunteers using breath‐hold and electrocardiogram triggering. Typically, 30 transient state images were acquired in a single breath‐hold within < 10 s. From the signal time course, voxel‐wise nonlinear fitting yielded T1, T2, and M0 parameter maps. Furthermore, off‐resonance and B1 effects were investigated in a phantom.

Results

In the phantom, the observed T1 of 829 ± 2 ms and T2 of 105 ± 4 ms were in agreement with the reference T1 of 858 ± 1 ms and T2 of 104 ± 1 ms using spin echo methods. In volunteers, the average T1 of 1375 ± 102 ms and T2 of 66 ± 26 ms of lung tissue were in good agreement with the literature and were observed to be independent of the respiratory phase. Overall, high reproducibility was shown in a volunteer, yielding coefficient of variations of 0.03 for M0, 0.004 for T1, and 0.04 for T2 measurements.

Conclusion

IR‐ufSSFP allows for fast and simultaneous quantitative mapping of the human lung. Magn Reson Med 77:74–82, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Dysphagia‐related quality of life in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy: Psychometric properties of the SWAL‐QOL instrument
Authors: Youssof Sarah , Romero‐Clark Carol , Warner Teddy , Plowman Emily
Published: October 2016

Introduction

The Swallowing Quality of Life instrument (SWAL‐QOL) is a patient‐reported outcome measure of swallowing‐related quality of life (SR‐QoL). Its psychometric properties in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) are not known.

Methods

We administered the SWAL‐QOL to U.S. OPMD Registry participants. We described SR‐QoL profiles and assessed reliability and validity.

Results

The mean composite score in 113 individuals with OPMD was 54.4 ± 20.7, indicating moderate impairment. Severe impairments were observed in eating duration, burden, and fatigue scales. Internal consistency reliability of all scales was found to be satisfactory, and 9 of 10 scales demonstrated adequate test–retest reliability. Data confirmed 86% of hypotheses, supporting construct validity. The SWAL‐QOL limitations in OPMD include: floor/ceiling effects in 7 of 10 scales and low specificity of sleep, fatigue, and communication scales for dysphagia.

Conclusions

SR‐QoL is reduced in OPMD. Given several limitations of the SWAL‐QOL, development of an improved dysphagia‐specific QoL instrument for OPMD is warranted. Muscle Nerve 56: 28–35, 2017.
Modification of the boundary integral equation for the Navier–Lamé equations in 2D elastoplastic problems and its numerical solving
Authors: Zieniuk Eugeniusz , Bołtuc Agnieszka
Published: October 2016

The paper presents the generalization of the modification of classical boundary integral equation and obtaining parametric integral equation system for 2D elastoplastic problems. The modification was made to obtain such equations for which numerical solving does not require application of finite or boundary elements. This was achieved through the use of curves and surfaces for modeling introduced at the stage of analytical modification of the classic boundary integral equation. For approximation of plastic strains the Lagrange polynomials with various number and arrangement of interpolation nodes were used. Reliability of the modification was verified on examples with analytical solutions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mass spectrometric analysis of synaptosomal membrane preparations for the determination of brain receptors, transporters and channels
Authors: Sialana Fernando J. , Gulyassy Peter , Májek Peter , Sjöstedt Evelina , Kis Viktor , Müller André C. , Rudashevskaya Elena L. , Mulder Jan , Bennett Keiryn L. , Lubec Gert
Published: October 2016

The molecular composition of synaptic signal transduction machineries shapes synaptic neurotransmission. The repertoire of receptors, transporters and channels (RTCs) comprises major signaling events in the brain. RTCs are conventionally studied by candidate immunohistochemistry and biochemistry, which are low throughput with resolution greatly affected by available immunoreagents and membrane interference. Therefore, a comprehensive resource of synaptic brain RTCs is still lacking. In particular, studies on the detergent‐soluble synaptosomal fraction, known to contain transporters and channels, are limited. We, therefore, performed sub‐synaptosomal fractionation of rat cerebral cortex, followed by trypsin/chymotrypsin sequential digestion of a detergent‐soluble synaptosomal fraction and a postsynaptic density preparation, stable‐isotope tryptic peptide labeling and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Based on the current study, a total of 4784 synaptic proteins were submitted to the ProteomExchange database (PXD001948), including 274 receptors, 394 transporters/channels and 1377 transmembrane proteins. Function‐based classification assigned 1781 proteins as probable drug targets with 834 directly linked to brain disorders. The analytical approach identified 499 RTCs that are not listed in the largest, curated database for synaptosomal proteins (SynProt). This is a threefold RTC increase over all other data collected to date. Taken together, we present a protein discovery resource that can serve as a benchmark for future molecular interrogation of synaptic connectivity.
Examining the relationship between multiple primary cancers and psychological distress: A review of current literature
Authors: Belcher Sarah M. , Hausmann Emilie A. , Cohen Susan M. , Donovan Heidi S. , Schlenk Elizabeth A.
Published: October 2016

Objective

The incidence of multiple primary cancers (MPCs) is increasing, but little is known about psychological distress in this population. The purpose of this study is to review and synthesize the literature regarding what is known about psychological distress in adults who have experienced MPC diagnoses.

Methods

All potentially eligible studies identified in PubMed and CINAHL were reviewed by 2 independent evaluators, and each relevant article was assessed for methodological quality. Data were extracted, organized, and recorded using a coding log, PRISMA flow diagram, and a standardized table of evidence. Effect size (ES) values were calculated using Cohen's d.

Results

Five of the 562 potentially relevant articles were selected for final analysis. MPC survivors, when compared with single cancer survivors, had lower global quality of life (d = 0.32–0.37), poorer emotional role function and stress (d = 0.08–0.20), greater and more frequent distress (d = 0.11–0.37), and greater subclinical anxiety (d = 0.15). Depressive symptoms were variable (d = 0.01–0.22), and no differences between MPC and single cancer groups were identified for sleep and suicidal ideation.

Conclusion

There is a substantial lack of evidence focused on psychological distress among the growing MPC survivor population. ES noted in the 5 studies reflect small but potentially significant increases in psychological distress in survivors of MPC compared with survivors of a single cancer. Clinicians should be aware of this at‐risk population when screening for distress in cancer survivors. Suggestions for future research are provided.
All‐solution‐printed oxide thin‐film transistors by direct thermal nanoimprinting for use in active‐matrix arrays
Authors: Hirose Daisuke , Koyama Hiroaki , Fukada Kazuhiro , Murakami Yoshitaka , Satou Keisuke , Inoue Satoshi , Shimoda Tatsuya
Published: October 2016

All‐solution‐printed oxide thin‐film transistors (TFTs) were fabricated using a direct thermal nanoimprinting technique termed nanorheology printing (n‐RP). n‐RP is a printing technology that utilizes the thermoplastic properties of oxide gels. We prepared such thermoplastic oxide gels and developed a suitable alignment system. Using this system, TFTs designed for use in active‐matrix arrays were fabricated with a high alignment accuracy of less than 5 µm. We succeeded in incorporating these TFTs into all‐solution‐printed oxide TFT arrays, and the operation of the transistors in the arrays was confirmed.
Review on carrier multiplication in graphene
Authors: Malic Ermin , Winzer Torben , Wendler Florian , Knorr Andreas
Published: October 2016

The remarkable gapless and linear band structure of graphene opens up new carrier relaxation channels bridging the valence and the conduction band. These Auger scattering processes change the number of charge carriers and can give rise to a significant multiplication of optically excited carriers in graphene. This is an ultrafast many‐particle phenomenon that is of great interest both for fundamental many‐particle physics as well as technological applications. Here, we review the research on carrier multiplication in graphene and Landau‐quantized graphene including theoretical modeling and experimental demonstration.

Illustration of the electronic band structure of graphene including Auger scattering channels that can lead to a carrier multiplication (CM). Figure adapted from Ref. [2].
Gap state imaging and spin‐orbit effects in resonant photoelectron diffraction
Authors: Krüger Peter , Pieve Fabiana Da
Published: October 2016

In core‐level photoelectron diffraction, the surface atomic structure is imaged through a local source wave. In valence photoemission, the source wave gets effectively localized at a core‐valence resonance, and local information on valence states can be obtained. Through photoelectron diffraction at the Ti 2p − 3d resonance, we have determined the charge distribution of the gap state at n‐doped TiO2 surfaces. Second, the origin of spin polarization in resonant photoemission from non‐ferromagnetic surfaces is critically reviewed. We have developed a multiple scattering computational method for resonant photoemission and have applied it to Cr(110) and Fe(100). For circular polarized light, we find that the resonant photocurrent is strongly spin polarized in antiferromagnets and disordered ferromagnets, in agreement with experiment. Contrary to previous interpretations, we show that this spin polarization is essentially unrelated to local magnetic moments, but because of an angular momentum transfer from the photon to the photoelectron via core spin‐orbit coupling and exchange autoionization decay. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reply: “Function of Cryopreserved Mesenchymal Stromal Cells With and Without Interferon-γ Prelicensing Is Context Dependent”
Authors: Galipeau Jacques
Published: October 2016

Freshly thawed mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) transiently display altered cell physiology and a recent report by Chinnadurai et al. [Stem Cells 2016;34:2429–2442] demonstrated that thawed allogeneic MSCs are also susceptible to T-cell mediated lysis in vitro and that this effect can be mitigated by activating MSCs with IFN-γ prior to freeze and thaw. In the letter to the editor by Ankrum et al., “Function of Cryopreserved MSCs with and without IFN-γ pre-licensing is Context Dependent,” the author provide data that IFN-γ pretreatment of human MSCs before cryobanking fails to enhance their potency post thaw in a mouse model of retinal disease. Considering that the experimental set up involves the use of human MSCs in mice with normal immune systems, we propose that IFN-γ MSC activation enhances the immune incompatibility of xenogenic human cells in a manner which may confound the predictive value for human translational use.
Concise Review: Signaling Control of Early Fate Decisions Around the Human Pluripotent Stem Cell State
Authors: Rao Jyoti , Greber Boris
Published: October 2016

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) present a fascinating and powerful system for generating specialized cell types of the human body. Culture and directed differentiation of these cells however requires an understanding of the pluripotent ground state and of how cell lineage decisions in this system are made. In this review, we highlight both these aspects in light of recent findings and technical progress. Hence, advances in culturing the human preimplantation embryo beyond the implantation barrier and in analyzing it at the single-cell level shed new light on the hESC tissue of origin. We argue that these findings have important implications for our view of hESC identity and we critically discuss recent efforts in converting these cells to a more primitive state. With an emphasis on the roles played by major signaling pathways, we furthermore attempt to infer key principles underlying cell fate control in hESCs from recently published work. This integrated model combines defined signaling pathway manipulation with the regulation of core hESC genes, to aid in controlling cell lineage allocation in a rational manner.
Characterization of in vitro effects of microcystin‐LR on intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Xu Xiaoping , Yu Beibei , Yu Guang
Published: October 2016

The intestinal epithelium is a single‐cell layer that provides an important barrier against natural toxins. Microcystin‐LR (MC‐LR), a cyclic heptapeptide, is one of the best known toxins able to alter the functions of intestine. This study evaluated the toxic effects and the possible mechanisms of MC‐LR on barrier function of the intestinal epithelial cells. Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC‐6) were exposed to 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 μM MC‐LR. Cell viability significantly decreased, while the ratio of apoptotic cells increased after exposure to 12.5μM and higer concentration of MC‐LR. As expected, the integrity of a polarized IEC‐6 monolayer was affected by MC‐LR exposure, as demonstrated by a decrease in the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) values, becoming most pronounced at 50μM, 24 h. No effects were detected on the protein expression levels of the tight junction protein claudin at 50μM. However, the expression of occludin and zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) declined. Furthermore, MC‐LR can immigrate into IEC‐6 cells. The activity of protein phosphatases 2A (PP2A) decreased from the concentration of 12.5 μM, showing a dose‐dependent decline. These results provide new information that strengthens the concept that the intestinal epithelium is important targets for toxic effects of water contaminants like MC‐LR. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1539–1547, 2017.
A Maude environment for CafeOBJ
Authors: Riesco Adrián , Ogata Kazuhiro , Futatsugi Kokichi
Published: October 2016

We present in this paper an interpreter implemented in Maude for non-behavioral CafeOBJ specifications. This alternative implementation poses a number of advantages: (1) it allows Maude tools to be used with CafeOBJ specifications, (2) it improves the performance of some CafeOBJ commands, such as search, (3) it enriches CafeOBJ syntax with Maude syntax, and (4) it makes CafeOBJ easily extensible, since new commands and tools can be included and tested and, once they are sufficiently mature, can be considered for inclusion in the Lisp implementation of CafeOBJ. The current tool presents a number of improvements over the tool presented in previous papers: it supports principal sorts, all kinds of CafeOBJ views, and all the search predicates recently implemented in the system. These improvements have allowed us to run the most recent CafeOBJ specifications, hence proving the robustness of the tool. Moreover, we present case studies illustrating the power of the tool, focusing on the falsification and verification of the NSPK and QLOCK protocols, respectively.
Habitat‐forming seaweeds in Japan (fucoids and temperate kelps)
Authors: Kumagai Naoki H. , Yamano Hiroya , Fujii Masahiko , Yamanaka Yasuhiro
Published: October 2016

This paper describes the flora of habitat‐forming seaweeds (fucoids and temperate kelps) at 7673 sites of the Japanese coast encompassing its warm to cold temperate zone, recorded from 1887 to 2014. The data set includes 86 species (21,168 presence and 20,845 absence records), compiled from 355 literature sources, most of which were written in Japanese and published as grey literature in local journals or individual reports. Scientific names were consolidated under currently‐accepted nomenclature based on Algaebase (http://www.algaebase.org). The data set compiled the seaweed flora at each study site each year, the geographical location and the scientific names. Additionally, three supporting data sets were created respectively including name of each site, synonyms of the seaweeds, and the corresponding literature list. This rich collection of data can be used to study the biogeography and long‐term changes of particular species and the diversity of habitat‐forming seaweeds of the Japanese coast.
Igualdad y diferencia: la falsa dicotomía de la teoría y la política feministas
Authors: Serret Estela
Published: October 2016

El artículo expone los fundamentos teóricos y políticos de los llamados feminismos de la igualdad y dela diferencia, mostrando las razones histórico-conceptuales de su surgimiento y desarrollo. Muestra que, noobstante la relevancia de las críticas al universalismo ilustrado, con frecuencia ellas reflejan contradiccioneslógicas. Para dar cuenta de esta problemática que afecta la propia idea de diferencia, tal como ha sidoempleada al interior del feminismo, procederé a exponer: 1) cómo se asocia el feminismo con la idea deigualdad; 2) cuáles son las primeras manifestaciones de dos posiciones teórico-políticas confrontadas en suspuntos de partida éticos al interior del feminismo; 3) en qué consisten las primeras propuestas teóricas quehablan de diferencia, cuáles son sus aciertos críticos y cuáles sus errores conceptuales, y finalmente, 4) porqué es necesario, para un proyecto emancipatorio, situarse en la perspectiva de la igualdad
interseccionalidad: una aproximación situada a la dominación
Authors: Viveros Vigoya Mara
Published: October 2016

Las definiciones, los usos y el alcance teórico, metodológico y político del giro interseccional en la teoría feminista son el eje del presente artículo. En este texto se establece una genealogía de los enfoques interseccionales, incluyendo en este relato los aportes del pensamiento feminista producido en distintos contextos históricos y geopolíticos. Se identifican algunas de las grandes líneas del debate sobre la interseccionalidad con el fin de mostrar su alcance y sus límites, ligados en gran parte a su amplia difusión. Igualmente, se da cuenta de la forma como son experimentadas concretamente las intersecciones de raza y género, clase y género y la consubstancialidad de estas relaciones para los grupos sociales involucrados, examinando tanto mis propios trabajos investigativos como los de otras autoras. El texto concluye con la importancia política del concepto, enfatizando los aportes del black feminism, el feminismo de color y el feminismo latinoamericano como enfoques epistémicos descolonizadores. A partir de este recorrido analítico se destaca el alcance teórico y crítico de un enfoque interseccional localizado y contextualizado.
A case series of reflex myoclonic absence epilepsy of infancy – an age-dependent idiopathic generalized epileptic (IGE) syndrome – with good prognosis
Authors: Kalane Umesh , Kalane Shilpa
Published: October 2016

Background Myoclonic epilepsies in the infantile age have varied presentations including benign myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (MEI) on one side and Doose, west, Dravet syndrome as well as recognized syndromes on the severe spectrum on the other side. MEI is an idiopathic disorder characterized by spontaneous myoclonic attacks with onset in the first 2 years of life. Reflex myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (RMEI) has startle- and tectile-induced myoclonias and needs distinct consideration from MEI.

Results Hereby, a case series of 3 infants, started with reflex myoclonic absence seizures before 12 months of age, has been described. All the infants have unremarkable birth history, normal development, and examination. They started with myoclonic jerks involving torso and upper extremities and were associated with startle induced by unexpected sounds and tectile stimulation. All children were treated with valproate and were followed till date with minimum follow-up of 12 months and showed complete seizure control at low dose of valproate. At 6-month follow-up, all children were seizure-free with normal development.

Conclusion Reflex myoclonic absence epilepsy is an age-dependent idiopathic generalized epileptic (IGE) syndrome, with an apparently good prognosis. It needs to be recognized separately as new syndrome and should be differentiated from the other myoclonic epilepsies of same age.
Molecular mechanisms underlying the pilsicainide‐induced stabilization of hERG proteins in transfected mammalian cells
Authors: Onohara Takeshi , Hisatome Ichiro , Kurata Yasutaka , Li Peili , Notsu Tomomi , Morikawa Kumi , Otani Naoyuki , Yoshida Akio , Iitsuka Kazuhiko , Kato Masaru , Miake Junichiro , Ninomiya Haruaki , Higaki Katsumi , Shirayoshi Yasuaki , Nishihara Takashi , Itoh Toshiyuki , Nakamura Yoshinobu , Nishimura Motonobu
Published: October 2016

Background

Pilsicainide, classified as a relatively selective Na+ channel blocker, also has an inhibitory action on the rapidly‐activating delayed‐rectifier K+ current (IKr) through human ether‐a‐go‐go‐related gene (hERG) channels. We studied the effects of chronic exposure to pilsicainide on the expression of wild‐type (WT) hERG proteins and WT‐hERG channel currents, as well as on the expression of mutant hERG proteins, in a heterologous expression system.

Methods

HEK293 cells stably expressing WT or mutant hERG proteins were subjected to Western blotting, immunofluorescence microscopy and patch‐clamp experiments.

Results

Acute exposure to pilsicainide at 0.03–10 μM influenced neither the expression of WT‐hERG proteins nor WT‐hERG channel currents. Chronic treatment with 0.03–10 μM pilsicainide for 48 h, however, increased the expression of WT‐hERG proteins and channel currents in a concentration‐dependent manner. Chronic treatment with 3 μM pilsicainide for 48 h delayed degradation of WT‐hERG proteins and increased the channels expressed on the plasma membrane. A cell membrane‐impermeant pilsicainide derivative did not influence the expression of WT‐hERG, indicating that pilsicainide stabilized the protein inside the cell. Pilsicainide did not influence phosphorylation of Akt (protein kinase B) or expression of heat shock protein families such as HSF‐1, hsp70 and hsp90. E4031, a chemical chaperone for hERG, abolished the pilsicainide effect on hERG. Chronic treatment with pilsicainide could also increase the protein expression of trafficking‐defective mutant hERG, G601S and R752W.

Conclusions

Pilsicainide penetrates the plasma membrane, stabilizes WT‐hERG proteins by acting as a chemical chaperone, and enhances WT‐hERG channel currents. This mechanism could also be applicable to modulations of certain mutant‐hERG proteins.
Aluminum X-ray mass-ablation rate measurements
Authors: Kline J.L. , Hager J.D.
Published: October 2016

Measurements of the mass ablation rate of aluminum (Al) have been completed at the Omega Laser Facility. These measurements show that the mass-ablation rate of Al is higher than plastic (CH), comparable to high density carbon (HDC), and lower than beryllium. The mass-ablation rate is consistent with predictions using a 1D Lagrangian code, Helios. The results suggest Al capsules have a reasonable ablation pressure even with a higher albedo than beryllium or carbon ablators and further investigation into the viability of Al capsules for ignition should be pursued.
Energy loss of an energetic Ga ion in hot Au plasmas
Authors: He Bin , Meng Xujun , Wang Jianguo
Published: October 2016

Self-consistent calculations of energy loss for a Ga ion moving in hot Au plasmas are made under the assumption of wide ranges of the projectile energy and the plasma temperature with all important mechanisms considered in detail. The relevant results are found to be quite different from those of an α particle or a proton. One important reason for this is the rapid increasing of the charge state of a Ga ion at plasma temperature. This reason also leads to the inelastic stopping which does not always decrease with the increase of plasma temperature, unlike the case of an α particle. The nuclear stopping becomes very important at high enough plasma temperature due to the heavy reduced mass of a Ga and an Au ion and the above-mentioned reason. The well-known binary collision model [Phys. Rev. 126 (1962) 1] and its revised one [Phys. Rev. A 29 (1984) 2145] are not working or unsatisfactory in this case.
Baja publicación de trabajos presentados a los congresos científicos de estudiantes de medicina de Colombia, 2014-2015
Authors: Ortiz-Martínez Yeimer , Londoño-Martínez Juan Camilo , López-Ramírez Estefanía
Published: October 2016

Las sociedades científicas de estudiantes de medicina representan una oportunidad para la ejecución de proyectos científicos y la presentación de trabajos en eventos nacionales e internacionales. Entre ellas se encuentra la Asociación de Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina (ASCEMCOL), que realiza anualmente el Congreso Estudiantil Colombiano de Investigación Médica (CECIM), permitiendo a los estudiantes exponer los resultados de sus investigaciones.