bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Niels Stensens (Stenos) geologiske Arbejdes Skæbne. Et Fragtment af Dansk Geologis Historie
Authors: Garboe Axel
Published: June 2021

Med Rette er der igen gjort opmærksom paa, at 1669 er et Mærkeaar i Geologiens og Mineralogiens Historie, idet der i det nævnte Aar udkom to skelsættende Arbejder, begge af danske Videnskabsmænd, nemlig Niels Stensens Afhandling "Om faste Legemer", og Erasmus Bartholins Paavisning af Dobbeltbrydningen i den islandske Kalkspat. Stenos Arbejde er det første Forsøg paa at løse geologiske Problemer ad induktiv Vej, og Erasmus Bartholins Afhandling er det første experimentelle fysiske Arbejde i Danmark. Begge Skrifter skulde faa vidt rækkende Betydning, og om dem begge gælder det, at deres Forfatter - om end af vidt forskellige Grunde - ikke arbejdede videre med Spørgsmaalene eller i hvert Fald ikke publicerede mere derom.
De miocæne Formationer i Danmark
Authors: Rasmussen Leif Banke
Published: June 2021

The Miocene Formations of Denmark.The Miocene sediments of Denmark are restricted to the central and western part of the peninsula of Jutland. The Danish Miocene basin forms the northern part of the Miocene North Sea Basin which also covered parts of Northern Germany, Holland and Belgium. More than 200 metres of mainly micaceous clays and sands, often richly fossiliferous, were deposited. The distribution and thickness of the Miocene in Denmark is shown on the map, fig. 1, page 10.Since long the Danish Miocene has been subdivided time-stratigraphically in a Lower, Middle, and Upper division on the basis of paleontological studies by J.P.J. Ravn (1907) and Nørregaard (1916). Works by Sorgenfrei (1940, 1958) and Rasmussen (1956) recently increased our knowledge of the Danish Miocene molluscan faunas and formations.The following 6 formations are now recognized in the Miocene of Denmark (cf. fig. 7, page 41):6. Gram formation (marine). Rasmussen 1956, p. 16 (Age: Upper Miocene).5. Hodde formation (marine). This paper, p. 32 (Age: Middle Miocene).4. Odderup formation (limnic). This paper, p. 30 (Age: Middle Miocene).3. Arnum formation (marine). Sorgenfrei, 1958, p. 28 (Age: Middle Miocene).2. Ribe formation (limnic). Sorgenfrei, 1958, p. 28 (Age: Middle or Lower Miocene).1. Klintinghoved formation (marine). Klintinghoved clay, Sorgenfrei, 1940, p. 68 (Age: Lower Miocene).The type section of the Odderup formation is defined as the interval from 28,2 to 40,3 m below surface in DGU well file no. 103.50 (at Odderup Brickworks). The form ation consists of limnic sediments of quartz sands with lignite.The type section of the Hodde formation is from 13,8 to 23,4 m below surface in the well DGU well file no. 113.33 a, Hoddemark (NE of Varde). The formation consists of marine sediments of micaceous clays and sands with beds of quartz sand.The distribution of the Marine Middle Miocene of Denmark is shown on map, fig. 2, page 30 and the distribution of the Marine Upper Miocene is shown on map fig. 4, page 34.
Nordøstsjællands Geologi
Authors: Milthers V
Published: June 2021

Den Del af Sjælland, der skal beskrives i det følgende, omfatter Frederiksborg Amt og næsten hele Københavns Amt. Den geologiske Historie, som dette Omraade kan afgive Vidnesbyrd om, falder i to Afsnit, der er vidt adskilte fra hinanden i Tid, medens der dog ogsaa falder et usikkert Strejflys over enkelte kortvarige Dele af det mellemliggende Tidsrum.Det første Afsnit strækker sig fra Kridttidens sidste Del, noget forinden Skrivekridtets Aflejring fandt Sted, og et Stykke ind i den efterfølgende, ældste Del af Tertiærtiden. Paa Nordøstsjællands Plads var der igennem det meste af dette Tidsrum et dybt Hav, paa hvis Bund der i en lang Del af Tiden aflejredes det hvide Dybhavsslam, der senere blev til Skrivekridt, og som ved sin Renhed vidner om, at Stedet var næsten helt afskaaret fra Tilførsel af Materiale fra Land, til Trods for at Kysten ikke har ligget langt borte. Henimod Tertiærtidens Indtræden har der lidt efter lidt fundet en saa gennemgribende Hævning af Omraadet Sted, at dette gik over til at blive tørt Land for en kort Tid, men atter sank under Havfladen.Omraadet har dog rimeligvis ligget hævet over Havet den største Del af Tertiærtiden og Kvartærtiden igennem. Men forinden vi naar frem til den sidste Del af Istiden, er det kun fra enkelte, varme Afsnit af Kvartærtiden at der foreligger sparsomme Vidnesbyrd.Det andet sammenhængende Afsnit af Nordøstsjællands geologiske Historie strækker sig kun over et kortvarigt Tidsrum, nogle faa Titusinder af Aar, fra den sidste Del af Istiden frem til vor egen Tid. Men selv om det saaledes - maalt med Jordhistoriens Maal - kun omfatter et kort Spand af Tid, har Omraadets geologiske Udvikling i dette Tidsrum sin særegne Interesse ved, at det er Resultaterne af denne, vi fortrinsvis og mest umiddelbart har liggende for vore Øjne.
Livret guide des Excursions en Danemark de la Réunion géologique internationale à Copenhague 1928
Authors: Madsen Victor
Published: June 2021

Excursion A: Bornholm. Excursion B: La Sjælland méridionale et l'île de Moen. Excursion C: Nord-ouest de la Sjælland, Fyn, Langeland et Jylland. Excursion D: Le Kökkenmödding à »Bilidt«.
Acritarchs from the Proterozoic Thule Group, North-West Greenland
Authors: Vidal G , Dawes P.R
Published: June 2021

A thick sequence of Proterozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks (the Thule Group), penetrated in part by basic minor intrusions, characterises the Thule district of North-West Greenland (fig. 6). These strata, overlying the Greenland Shield with profound unconformity, form a large intracratonic basin on Ihe northern margin af the North American Greenland craton (Dawes, 1976).
Distribution of radioactive mineralisation in central West Greenland
Authors: Secher K
Published: June 2021

An airborne radiometric survey 1975-76 (Secher, 1976, 1977) showed several anomalies in the area between Egedesminde and Færingehavn. The follow-up field programme from 1977-79 comprised detailed geological and radiometric mapping, as well as sampling of soil, stream water and stream sediments (Watt, 1977). Field operations were carried out from the GGU field station at Søndre Strømfjord Airbase, using one helicopter for two to four field parties, each summer. Two GGU cutters were utilised during a part of each season.
Cambrian and Ordovician geology of Warming Land and southern Wulff Land, central North Greenland
Authors: Peel J.S
Published: June 2021

Fossiliferous Lower Cambrian clastic sediments in Warming Land and southern Wulff Land, central North Greenland, are overlain by about 600 m of mainly carbonates which have yielded Middle and Late Cambrian trilobites. About 560 m of succeeding carbonates and subsidiary clastics are tentatively correlated with sequences in Washington Land, to the west, which range in age from Early Ordovician to early Middle Ordovician. The Ordovician sequence is completed by limestones of the Morris Bugt Group, also originally defined from Washington Land.
Ceratopea billingsi (Gastropoda) from the Early Ordovician of Kronprins Christian Land, eastern North Greenland
Authors: Peel J.S
Published: June 2021

The name Ceratopea is generally associated with a horn or claw-shaped operculum locally common in late Early Ordovician carbonates, the parent gastropod shell being much less well known (Yochelson & Bridge, 1958; Yochelson, 1979). Ceratopea is recorded from both North and East Greenland. Yochelson & Peel (1975) described C. ankylosa and C. unguis from the Wandel Valley Formation of Peary Land, eastem North Greenland, and the latter species also occurs in the Nunatami Formation of Washington Land, some 600 km to the west (Peel & Yochelson, 1979). In 1964, Yochelson described two species of Ceratopea from the Narwhale Sound Formation of East Greenland, one in open nomenclature and the second, a new species to which he gave the name C. billingsi.
Hydrocarbon gases associated with alkaline igneous activity: evidence from compositions of fluid inclusions
Authors: Konnerup-Madsen J , Rose-Hansen J , Larsen E
Published: June 2021

The importance of volatile components in the generation and crystallization of alkaline rocks has been emphasized by a number of authors (see review by Kogarko, 1974). ane method of determining the character of the volatile components associated with natural magmatism is to study the volatiles trapped as fluid inclusions in minerals during formation of the rocks. Although there may often be difficulties in relating the volatiles observed in fluid inclusions in minerals to those present in the melt at the time of solidification, this approach is considered to provide a potential method for determining the characteristics of volatiles associated with formation of natural rocks.
Precambrian metamorphic complexes in the East Greenland Caledonices (72°–74°N) – their relationship to the Eleonore Bay Group, and Caledonian orogenesis
Authors: Higgins A.K , Friderichsen J.D , Thyrsted T
Published: June 2021

Results are presented of regional geological reconnaissance and local detailed studies. The new fjeld work, together with isotopic studies, has made possibie a provisional reassignment of metamorphic, plutonic and deformational events recorded in the different rock units to Archaean and Proterozoic, as well as Caledonian, orogenic episodes. The infracrustal elements of the 'central metamorphic complex' are considered to be essentiaIly Archaean - early Proterozoic basement gneiss complexes, and are overlain by middle Proterozoic metasedimentary sequences. The late Proterozoic and Lower Palaeozoic sediments have arestricted outcrop at present levels of exposure. During the Caledonian orogeny the late Proterozoic cover sequences appear to have become detatched from their older metamorphic 'basernent' along a decollement surface, but the nature of this contact is usually obscured by Caledonian metamorphic effects. The main characteristics of the different rock units are described. Detailed relationships are illustrated by studies of four areas: Nunatakgletscher-Eremitdal, Knækdalen and adjacent areas, Kap Hediund, and Tærskeldal-Forsblads Fjord-Randenæs.
The un-named Silurian(?) dolomite formation, Børglum Elv, central Peary Land
Authors: Armstrong H.A , Lane P.D
Published: June 2021

The un-named Silurian(?) dolomite formation, described originally from the upper reaches af the valley of Børglum Elv (fig. 9) by Christie & Peel (1977, figs. 3,4) and widely distributed in Peary Land, has received little detailed attention in any of its outcrops. Although these outcrops were visited by R. L. Christie and J. S. Peel in 1974 (Peel & Christie 1975, Christie & Peel 1977), P. D. Lane and A. T. Thomas in 1978 and J. E. Mabillard in 1979 (the reports of the last two parties held as unpublished field accounts by GGU), no detailed log af the whole of this formation has been previously published. The section (fig. 9) was chosen 112 km south of that measured by Christie & Peel (1977, fig. 3H) in order to include the base af the formation.
The North Greenland fold belt between central Johannes V Jensen Land and eastern Nansen Land
Authors: Higgins A.K , Friderichsen J.D , Soper N.J
Published: June 2021

The part of the North Greenland fold belt mapped in 1980 includes Johannes V. Jensen Land west of Polkorridoren, the group of large islands to the west, and the eastern margin of Nansen Land (Map 2). The rocks forming the fold belt are mainly Lower Palaeozoic turbiditic sediments, deposited in an E-W trending trough which is an extension of the Hazen trough of northern Ellesmere Island, Canada. Observations on the stratigraphy, structure and metamorphism of the fold belt are given in this report. Brief descriptions of the E-W trending Harder Fjord fault zone, the Kap Cannon thrust zone, and important swarms of basic dykes are also included. A geological map covering the parts of the North Greenland fold belt mapped in both 1979 and 1980 is found in the back of this report (Map 2), and indudes all the place names mentioned in the text.
The Kap Washington Group volcanics
Authors: Brown P.E , Parsons I
Published: June 2021

The Kap Washington Group volcanic rocks outcrop on the north coast of Johannes V. Jensen Land and Lockwood ø, where they are in thrust contact with Palaeozoic metasediments of the North Greenland fold belt. Their outcrop is limited, from west to east, to Lockwood Ø, Kap Kane, Kap Washington and Kap Cannon (fig. 21). The vo1canic rocks post-date basic dykes which cut Carboniferous and Permian sediments (Håkansson et al., this report) and their age, as determined by whole rock Rb-Sr isotopes in rhyolitic material, is 63 Ma (Larsen et al., 1978) i.e. early Tertiary. This is somewhat younger than the late Cretaceous age established by micropalaeontological evidence (D. Batten, personal communication) from shales, found in 1980, interbedded with the voicanics.
Lithostratigraphic framework of the Upper Proterozoic and Lower Palaeozoic deep water c1astic deposits of North Greenland
Authors: Friderichsen J.D , Higgins A.K , Hurst J.M , Pedersen S.A.S , Soper N.J , Surlyk F
Published: June 2021

The deep water clastic and subordinate carbonate sediments of the Franklinian Basin of North Greenland are assigned to 6 lithostratigraphic groups. The lowest, Skagen Group (new), consists of structureless quartzitic sandstones and phyllitic mudstones of ?late Precambrian to Cambrian age. The folIowing Paradisfjeld Group (revised) is dominated by lime mudstones and is probably of Cambrian age. Redeposited limestone conglomerates characterise thc top parts of thc group. Thc subscqucnt Polkorridoren Group (revised) consists of thick sandstone turbidite and mudstone units of Cambrian age. The overlying Vølvedal Group (new) consists of cherts, mudstones, turbiditic sandstones and resedimented chert and carbonate conglomerates and is of Cambrian to earliest Ordovician age. The folIowing Amundsen Land Group (new) is dominated by cherts and mudstones with resedimented limestone conglomerates, and is of early Ordovician to early Silurian age. The youngest, Peary Land Group, is dominated by turbiditic sandstones and mudstones and ranges in age from earliest Silurian to possibly earliest Devonian. The 'Sydgletscher Group' is disbanded: the component parts are placed in the Polkorridoren Group, Vølvedal Group, Amundsen Land Group and Peary Land Group.
Fossils from the Poulsen Cliff Formation, Washington Land, western North Greenland
Authors: Fortey R.A , Peel J.S
Published: June 2021

The Poulsen Cliff Formation of Washington Land, western North Greenland, is a recessive, pale weathering unit, 100-125 m in thickness, of thinly-bedded dolomite, shale and sandstone witll conspicuous evaporites. The formation represents the continuation into Greenland of the lower part (member a) of the Baumann Fiord Formation evaporite sequence of the Canadian Arctic Islands, which outcrops over a distance of about 1000 km from Cornwallis Island to Ellesmere Island (Mossop, 1979; Peel & Christie, 1982; Peel, in press). The Poulsen Cliff Formation was first described by Troelsen (1950). It did not yield fossils to Troelsen but could with certainty be ascribed an Early Ordovician age on account of its stratigraphic position between fossiliferous units (Poulsen, 1927; Peel & Christie, 1982).
A review of Salterella (Phylum Agmata) from the Lower Cambrian in Greenland and Mexico
Authors: Peel J.S , Yochelson E.L
Published: June 2021

Records of SalterelIa from the Lower Cambrian in Greenland are reviewed and all specimens are referred to S. maccullochi (Murchison, 1859). Examples are iIIustrated for the first time from the Brønlund Fjord Group of Peary Land, central North Greenland and from the Hyolithus Creek Formation at Kap Weber and at C. H. Ostenfeld Nunatak, northern East Greenland. S. mexicana Lochman in Cooper et al., 1952, from Sonora, Mexico, is iIIustrated in thin sections and is placed into synonymy with S. maccullochi.
Silurian trilobites from Kap Schuchert, Washington Land, western North Greenland
Authors: Lane P.D , Owens R.M
Published: June 2021

Nine forms of trilobites are described from the uppermost Llandovery or lowest Wenlock of Washington Land, western North Greenland of which the folIowing taxa are new: - Ligiscus arcanus gen. et sp. nov., Xenocybe ebyconex sp. nov., Sphaerexochus centeo sp. nov. and Hyrokybe meliceris sp. nov. The faunallinks, age and composition of the fauna are discussed.
Investigations on the Precambrian rocks of Svartenhuk Halvø, central West Greenland
Authors: Van den Eeckhout B , Grocott J
Published: June 2021

Precambrian rocks occur within an area of 600 km2 in eastern Svartenhuk Halvø. A preliminary geological account of the southern half of this area is given here. The work is part of the mapping programme aimed at the production of the l: 100 000 sheet 71 V. 1 N. The Precambrian rocks east and south of Svartenhuk Halvø have been studied in some detail by Henderson & Pulvertaft (1967), but until the summer of 1981, apart from the pioneering work of Steenstrup (1883) and preliminary petrographic descriptions of the metasediments by Noe-Nygaard (Rosenkrantz et al., 1942), the Precambrian of Svartenhuk Halvø had only been studied in the detail necessary for the production of the l:500000 map sheet Marmorilik - Melville Bugt. The map area consists of a gneissic basement with a metasedimentary cover (fig. 6).
Investigations on ampbibolite facies orthogneisses, amphibolites and leucogabbros on Akugdlerssuaq, inner Godthåbsfjord
Authors: Nutman A.P
Published: June 2021

Two weeks of June 1981 were spent examining the amphibolite facies orthogneisses, amphibolites and leucogabbros of Akugdlerssuaq, inner Godthåbsfjord (fig. 24). This area was visited by V. R. McGregor during the helicopter reconnaissance mapping programme of Godthåbsfjord in 1976 (Allaart et al., 1977). McGregor observed a sharp, concordant contact between a layered complex of amphibolite, leucogabbro and anorthosite and a unit ofbanded gneisses, considered to be predominantly Amítsoq. The area was revisited in 1981 for more detailed study of the relation between the orthogneisses and layered complex. Equal emphasis was placed on mapping at a scale of approximately 1:20000, detailed study of selected outcrops and sampling for geochemical and isotopic studies.
Early (3700 Ma) Archaean rocks of the Isua supracrustal belt and adjacent gneisses
Authors: Nutman A.P , Bridgwater D , Dimroth E , Gill R.C.O , Rosing M
Published: June 2021

A coherent stratigraphy is recognised in the highly deformed, amphibolite facies early Archaean Isua supracrustal belt. The supracrustal belt consists of layered rocks (in which sedimentary structures are locally preserved), ultramafic rocks and units of garbenschiefer (a massive Mg-Al rich, leucoamphibolite). The layered supracrustal rocks form two sequences, which are separated from each other tectonically. When folding is taken into account, these sequences are now less than 200 m thick. Sequence A forms most of the belt. In it there is a transition upwards from predominantly layered amphibolites with banded iron formation horizons to calc-silicate rocks, carbonates and layered felsic metasediments. Sequence B is restricted to the western edge of the eastern part of the supracrustal belt. It changes upwards from predominantly layered felsic metasediments to ferromagnesian mica schists. The supracrustal belt is regarded as a thin fragment from a thicker, more extensive volcanosedimentary pile. The early Archaean gneisses adjacent to the supracrustal belt consist of early multiphase tonalites which were first intruded by mafic dioritic dykes and then by granitic sheets. The granitic sheets were originaIly horizontal to gently inciined and form up to 40 per cent of the gneiss complex. Interdigitation of supracrustal rocks and gneisses in the Isukasia area is due to both the style of intrusion ofthe gneisses and to tectonic intercalation. Archaean basic dykes that cut the supracrustal belt and adjacent gneisses are ofseveral generations. Within and south of the supracrustal belt they are generally strongly deformed and have been recrystallised under amphibolite facies conditions; but in the north of the area they are generally better preserved. The dykes cut across several generations of structures in the supracrustal belt and the adjacent gneisses.
Source rock sampling, stratigraphical and sedimentological studies in the Upper Palaeozoic of the Jameson Land basin, East Greenland
Authors: Surlyk F
Published: June 2021

A drilling programme was initiated in Jameson Land in 1982 with the objective of obtaining fresh cores of possibie hydrocarbon source rocks. The area was chosen (1) because it exposes a thick, easily accessibie and well studied Late Palaeozoic - Mesozoic sequence which is also supposed to extend eastwards to the off-shore shelf area of northern East Greenland; (2) because together with North Greenland it represents the only possibie target for on-shore oil exploration in Greenland; and (3) because a petroleum concession to the area is at present being negotiated between ARCO/Nordisk Mineselskab and the authorities.
Greenschist facies metabasites from the Hellefiskefjord – G.B. Schley Fjord area, eastern Peary Land, North Greenland
Authors: Bevins R.E , Rowbotham G
Published: June 2021

Examination of mineral phases in metabasalts and metadolerites from lava flows and intrusions exposed in the Hellefiskefjord - G. B. Sehley Fjord area of North Greenland shows that the metamorphie grade in this region is generally within the greensehist facies, with the development of assemblages eontaining aetinolite-epidote-albite-ehlorite-sphene±biotite±stilpnomelane. However, eertain flows eontain pumpellyite, whieh is indieative of a slightly lower grade of metamorphism. The reason for this variation is thought to be loeal permeability-eontrolled alteration within the flows. The lateral equivalents of these metabasites in the area south of Independenee Fjord show lower grades of metamorphism, within either the prehnite-pumpellyite or the zeolite facies. This is probably related to thinner Lower Palaeozoic sequences and/or the absence of Carboniferous to Tertiary Wandel Sea Basin sediments in the area to the south.
Textures of Archaean granites, Ivisârtoq region, southern West Greenland
Authors: Robertson S
Published: June 2021

Granite textures are widely believed to reflect the effect of extensive subsolidus (i.e. postmagmatic) recrystallisation. Detailed thin section observations of Archaean granites from the Ivisartoq map sheet area, however, have revealed that subsolidus recrystallisation may by very limited. These observations apply to Qôrqut Granite Complex, 2610 Ma granites (Robertson, 1983) and Nûk granites from north-east Ivisartoq. They all contain modal quartz, plagioclase and microcline in approximately equal proportions, with variable amounts of biotite ranging up to a maximum of 12% of the total. Accessory mineral phases include zircon, apatite, allanite, sphene, ilmenite, magnetite and occasionally pyrite. Textural relations suggest that the accessory phases crystallised at an early stage in the evolution of the granites and all appear to predate biotite, the earliest of the major minerals.
A textural study of Archaean peridotites; Ujaragssuit nunât, Ivisârtoq region, southern West Greenland
Authors: Crewe M.A
Published: June 2021

Recent mapping of Ujaragssuit nunât by Chadwick & Crewe (1982) and Chadwick et al. (1983), folIowing reconnaissance work by Allaart et al. (1977), has demonstrated the widespread occurrence of supracrustallithologies. Ujaragssuit nunât is situated immediately to the north-west of Ivisârtoq, which has been described in some detail by Friend & Hall (1977) and Hall (1980, 1981). Friend & Hall (1977) noted that the Akilia association ultramafic rocks can be divided into two groups. The tirst group comprises those rocks rich in olivine or its hydrous alteration products. Ultramafic rocks of the second group are olivine-free, being composed mainly of hornblende with or without clinopyroxene; these rocks are not considered further in this report. A similar division has been proposed for the ultramafic rocks of the Ivisårtoq Amphibolite Complex (Friend & Hall, 1977) which has been correlated with the Malene supracrustal rocks of the Godthåb region. A layered ultrabasic-gabbroic formation has also been reported from Ivisârtoq (Friend & Hal1, 1977). In Ujaragssuit nunåt no unequivocal evidence of a layered complex has been observed but the two-fold division of both the Akilia association and Malene ultramafic rocks is believed to be fundamental.
An iron-formation in the Precambrian Tartoq Group, South-West Greenland
Authors: Appel P.W.U
Published: June 2021

During the 1950s and early 1960s the Ivigtut area was mapped by the Geological Survey of Greenland (GGU), as part of GGUs systematic mapping programme. Detailed work was carried out on the two supracrustal units in the area, and the relative age relationship of the two units was established. The younger Ketilidian supracrustal rocks outcrop in the inland area, dose to the Inland Ice, and the older Tartoq Group supracrustal rocks are found in and around Sermiligårssuk fjord. In the early 1970s Renzy Mines Ltd. conducted a mineral exploration programme in the area, during which arsenopyrite-pyrite mineralisations were found in the Tartoq Group supracrustals (Appel & Secher, 1984), and a banded ironformation was discovered in the Ketilidian supracrustal rocks (Appel, 1974). During the 1983 field season two teams from GGU undertook field work in the area, as aresult ofwhich a banded iron-formation was discovered in the Tartoq Group supracrustal rocks.
Geological and radiometric mapping of the Motzfeldt Centre of the Igaliko Complex, South Greenland
Authors: Tukiainen T , Bradshaw C , Emeleus C.H
Published: June 2021

The geological and radiometric mapping of the Motzfeldt Centre was commenced in 1982 as part of the extended Syduran project under the Ministry of Energy's Research Programmes of 1981 and 1982 (Armour-Brown et al., 1983). The purpose of the study was to make a detailed geological and radiometric map of the centre with a view to provide a reliable reference framework for the evaluation of the economic mineral potential of the centre where an extensive Th-U-Zr-Nb-REE mineralisation was discovered by the reconnaissance surveys of the Syduran project, which was partly financed by the European Economic Communities during the period 1st Dec. 1979 - 1st Dec. 1980 under article 70 (Armour-Brown et al., 1982, 1983). Apart from a short visit by Agnete Steenfelt, who carried out a detailed rock-sampling programme of a section in the north-east part of the centre, no field work was done during the 1983 season. The geological mapping of the centre is planned to be finished during the 1984 season. The airborne gamma-spectrometric and field mapping data of the 1982 season have been processed and compiled, so we are able to summarise the most important results.
Migrated hydrocarbons in basalt on the south side of Scoresby Sund
Authors: Watt W.S , Wrang P
Published: June 2021

A tar-like matenal was found in a fault zone affecting basalt on Savoia Halvø. The material is totally biodegraded but analyses indicate that it is from a raw oil.
Silurian trilobites from Hall Land and Nyeboe Land, western North Greenland
Authors: Lane P.D
Published: June 2021

The Silurian trilobites described below are referred to 16 genera of which 1 is new (Nonix); 21 species-level taxa are recognized of which 4 are new species (Kosovopeltis allaarti, Proetus s.l. simus, Contracheirurus errator and Nonix sauroter), 3 are previously-described species and 14 are left in open nomenclature. The biostratigraphic and palaeogeographic links implied by the trilobites are discussed after each taxon, but the fauna as a whole is similar to Wenlock faunas from Arctic Canada.
Autecology and systematics of a new Silurian anomphalid gastropod from western North Greenland
Authors: Peel J.S
Published: June 2021

Grantlandispira christiei gen. et sp. nov. is an anomphalid gastropod characterised by a shallowly cyrtoconoid spire, subsutural sinus and angular periphery. General form of the shell and the massive funicle within the umbilicus indicate a close relationship to Pycnomphalus Lindstrom, 1884 and this genus, together with Grantlandispira, and possibly Turbocheilus Perner, 1907 are referred to a new subfamily, Pycnomphalinae. Shell morphology and the radial aperture suggest that Grantlandispira was an infaunal or semi-infaunal ciliary feeding gastropod, similar in its life style to Umbonium Link, 1807.
Hadimopanella apicata from the Lower Cambrian of western North Greenland
Authors: Peel J.S , Larsen N.H
Published: June 2021

Microscopic button-shaped phosphatic problematic fossils referred to Hadimopanella apicata Wrona 1982 are described from Lower Cambrian carbonates in the Nyeboe Land fault zone, western North Greenland. The species is otherwise known from southern Spitsbergen, and in both areas it is associated with Serrodiscus, Calodiscus, olenellids and other fossils. Unlike the type suite, Greenland specimens of Hadimopanella apicata show a tendency toward differentiation of several nodes in the apical area of the supposed outer surface.
Lithostratigraphy of the Tertiary Vaigat Formation on Disko, central West Greenland
Authors: Pedersen A.K
Published: June 2021

The lithostratigraphy of the early Tertiary Vaigat Formation on Disko is presented. The formation is divided into six members: Naujanguit Member, Asuk Member, Kûgánguaq Member, Qordlortorssuaq Member, Ordlingassoq Member and Manítdlat Member. The members were formed by two major igneous events. The first event gave rise to the vo!canic rocks from the Naujånguit Member and two minor vo!canic systems enclosed therein: the Asuk and Kiigånguaq Members. The basalts of the Qordlortorssuaq Member constitute the waning phase of the first igneous event. The second igneous event gave rise to the vo!canic rocks of the Ordlingassoq Member within which are enclosed the alkaline basalts of the Manitdlat Member. The members are composed of the folIowing igneous rocks: Naujanguit Member: tholeiitic picrites, minor silicic basalts and olivine-poor tholeiitic basalts; Asuk Member: silicic basalts and magnesian andesites, many rocks carry native iron; Kfigånguaq Member: silicic basalts and magnesian andesites; Qordlortorssuaq Member: olivine-poor tholeiitic basalts; Ordlingassoq Member: tholeiitic picrites, minor alkaline picrites; Manitdlat Member: alkaline picrites and alkaline basalts.
Project 'Nordolie': hydrocarbon source rock investigations in central North Greenland
Authors: Christiansen F.G , Rolle F
Published: June 2021

The project 'Nordolie' was initiated under the Danish Ministry of Energy's Research Programme 1983. The aim of the project is to obtain general knowledge about the source rock geology of central North Greenland. Similar investigations have previously been carried out in eastern North Greenland (Rolle, 1981; Rolle & Wrang, 1981). The main purpose of the project is to study the presence and distribution of potential hydrocarbon source rocks in the region and to evaluate the thermal maturity pattern. Studies of reservoir properties, trapping possibilities, and other aspects of petroleum geology will accordingly have a much lower priority.
Proterozoic age of the Thule Group: new evidence from microfossils
Authors: Dawes P.R , Vidal G
Published: June 2021

This report deals with recent results of a micropalaeontological programme aimed at a biostratigraphic dating of the Thule Group. Earlier results are reported on by Vidal & Dawes (1980). The Thule Group is a several kilometre thick, sedimentary and volcanic sequence that forms large areas of North-West Greenland where it overlies the Archaean-Proterozoic crystalline basernent with profound unconformity (fig. 7). The strata are unmetamorphosed and they form flat-Iying to shallow-dipping outcrops; faulting, crushing, minor folding, and contact 'metamorphic' effects due to basic igneous intrusion, are the only post-depositional disturbances to have affected the sequence. Acritarchs are generally well preserved and, with the exception of rocks affected by contact metamorphism in connection with emplacement of basic rocks, indicate a low index of thermal alteration.
Ordovician(?) gastropods from cherts in Cretaceous sandstone, south-east Disko, central West Greenland
Authors: Pedersen A.K , Peel J.S
Published: June 2021

Field work by AKP during 1984 on south-east Disko included a brief re-investigation of an unusual assemblage of clasts found in the Upper Cretaceous sandstones of the Atane Formation. These clasts were first found by Giesecke in 1807 (Giesecke, 1910) and subsequently briefly characterised by Schiener (1974, p. 25) as "a characteristic marker assemblage of ex- otic components (acid subaerial volcanics, red and black cherts, pisolites and chertified limestones)". Schiener (1977) tentatively correlated the clasts with Early Cretaceous rhyolitic tuffs from Ivnakavsak on northern Nugssuaq. Below, we briefly describe gastropods found in the clasts, as well as the clast lithologies. Several types of the chert clasts have begun to attract local interest as potential semi-precious stones.
Occurrence of scheelite in the early Archaean Isua supracrustal belt, West Greenland
Authors: Appel P.W.U
Published: June 2021

As part of the regional stream sediment sampling programme in the Godthåb area (Appel, 1983, 1984),22 stream sediment samples were collected in the Isukasia area in 1983, of which 21 appeared to contain scheelite. In 1984 a one-week field programme was carried out towards the end of August in order to find in situ scheelite within the Isua supracrustal rocks. The folIowing brief report is based on field observations only; laboratory work has been confined to X-ray identification of scheelite in three stream sediment samples and in three rock samples.
New observations on the easternmost extension of the Gardar supracrustals (Eriksfjord Formation), South Greenland
Authors: Larsen L.M , Tukiainen T
Published: June 2021

During the 1984 field work in the Motzfeldt Centre of the Igaliko Complex, some of the remnants of the supracrustal rocks of the Eriksfjord Formation were investigated. These occur at several localities bordering the centre, and are also found as inclusions (roof rafts) of variable size within the syenites of the centre. These supracrustal rocks form the easternmost extension ofthe sandstones and lavas ofthe Eriksfjord Formation, the major part of which is found on the Narssaq peninsula to the west. Some of the easterly remnants were described by Emeleus & Harry (1970) who noted the occurrence ofsandstone and volcanic breccia, agglomerate and lava flows and described two small agglomerate-filled volcanic plugs. Our observations extend those of Emeleus & Harry (1970).
Greenland ice cap aeromagnetic survey 1984: reconnaissance lines in southern Greenland
Authors: Thorning L , Bower M , Hardwick C.D , Hood P.J
Published: June 2021

No large-scale systematic operations over the Greenland ice cap were planned for 1984. However, in April 1984 the possibility arose of obtaining data along some reconnaissance lines in South Greenland, using the same aircraft and instrumentation as in 1983 (Thorning et al., 1984). From bases at Keflavik in Iceland, and Søndre Strømfjord and Narssarssuaq in Greenland, four lines were flown in South Greenland, starting over the ice cap near Ivigtut and extending well offshore south-east of Kap Farvel (fig. 29). A long offshore tie-line was flown from the Denmark Strait around the south tip of Greenland and into the Davis Strait joining the tie-line flown there in 1983 (Thorning et al., 1984). A planned flight line, starting well offshore south of Greenland and folIowing the eastern rim of the ice cap north to the survey area of the 1983 operations (Thorning et al., 1984) had to be abandoned because one engineof the Convair 580 developed a problem which effectively closed down further operations on this occasion.
Preparation for the South-East Greenland mapping project 1986–1987
Authors: Nielsen T.F.D , Escher J.C
Published: June 2021

A major project in South-East Greenland is planned for 1986 and 1987 with the aim of mapping the area covered by the 1:500 000 sheet 14 (Skjoldungen) and studying the only sporadically investigated Precambrian areas between 66°45'N and 62°30'N (fig. 30). Logistic and geological reconnaissance work has been conducted in the area since 1981 (Escher & Nielsen, 1982, 1983). During August 1984 the two authors spent three days on an airborne photo-reconnaissance over most of the area. The objectives were: 1. To test a possibie Twin Otter landing strip in Kagssortoq (63°15'N) in the Skjoldungen district and to observe other airstrip possibilities in the area. 2. To cover major aspects of the geology of the area with oblique photographs (more than 600 coloour slides, 45 x 60 mm, are now available). 3. To gain more knowledge of the general structure of the Archaean block.
Cambrian platform stratigraphy in the Warming Land – Freuchen Land region, North Greenland
Authors: Peel J.S , Wright S.C
Published: June 2021

Cambrian platform strata in the Warming Land - Freuchen Land region are briefly described and correlated with sequences in more easterly and westerly areas of North Greenland. The name Ryder Gletscher Group is proposed for a mainly carbonate sequence (thickness about 640 m) in the Warming Land - Wulff Land area of Early Cambrian - Early Ordovician age. Dominant lithologies are dark burrow-mottled dolomites and paIe, cryptaIgaI laminites, but micrites, thin shales and thin sandstones are common in higher beds. Six formations are recognised but not formally described.
Dating of late Archaean crustal mobilisation north of Qugssuk, Godthåbsfjord, southern West Greenland
Authors: Garde A.A , Larsen O , Nutman A.P
Published: June 2021

The Taserssuaq tonalite, which is slightly younger than or coeval with the common grey gneisses north of Godthåbsfjord, has yielded a zircon U-Pb age of 2982 ± 7 Ma, and an apparent Rb-Sr whole-rock age of 2882 ± 36 Ma (MSWD = 1.57, initial 87Sr/86Sr = 0.7017). The minerals were isotopicaIly equilibrated at 2500 Ma, and finally biotite was reset at 1700 Ma. The Qugssuk granite, an adjacent granitic mobilisate, has yielded a Rb-Sr age of 2969 ± 32 Ma (MSWD = 1.09, initial 87Sr/86Sr = 0.7020). The intrusion of the Taserssuaq tonalite is probably dated by its zircon age, which broadly correlates it with the Nilk gneisses. Field relations and microtextures strongly suggest that the Qugssuk granite is younger than the Taserssuaq tonalite and post-dates granulite facies metamorphism in the area, and its formation may be related to the extensive retrogression of the Taserssuaq tonalite. Isotopic data may support this interpretation in spite of the apparent inconsistencies in the age values.
Source rock investigations and shallow core drilling in central and western North Greenland
Authors: Christiansen F.G , Nykjær O , Nøhr-Hansen H
Published: June 2021

The aim of project 'Nordolie' (Christiansen & Rolle, 1985) is to study the distribution and maturity of potential hydrocarbon source rocks in central and western North Greenland. A first broad reconnaissance and examination of most lithostratigraphic units throughout the region in 1984, followed by organic geochemical and palynofacies analyses, showed that some intervals in the Cambrian shelf sequence and in the Cambrian to Silurian trough sequence are sufficiently rich in organic matter to be considered as potential source rocks (Christiansen et al., 1985). The Cambrian and Ordovician trough sequence is thermally postmature with respect to hydrocarbon generation in the whole area. Consequently the second and final field programme within the project (1985) concentrated on the Cambrian shelf sequence (especially the Henson Gletscher Formation in the Brønlund Fjord Group) and the Silurian slope to trough sequence (Lafayette Bugt Formation and Wulff Land Formation). The main purpose of the 1985 work was to make a detailed study of these units combining field work and shallow core dril!ing. The samples and cores provide the basis for later detailed maturity studies and a quantitative evaluation of source rock quality and volume. As in 1984, the 1985 field season was fully integrated with the geological mapping programme in the region (Henriksen, this report). The field work was carried out by a team of two geologists and a dril!ing team with three technicians (John Boserup, Anders Clausen, Jørgen Bojesen-Koefoed) and a dril! site geologist. The three geologists alternated often in order to obtain continuity in the programme and furthermore six of the total 14 camps were located at the dril! sites (fig. 1).
Biostratigraphical zonation and correlation of five Late Cretaceous-Tertiary wells, offshore central West Greenland
Authors: Toxwenius B.B
Published: June 2021

During 1976 and 1977, five exploratory wells were drilled offshore central West Greenland, between 65° and 68°N (figs 1 and 2) (Henderson et al., 1981). The Geological Survey of Greenland (GGU) received samples from all the wells, comprising 2228 composite cutting samples (10 m interval), 456 sidewall cores, 30 m conventional core and 3276 samples of varied provenance. From this material, two independent biostratigraphical analyses on 1000 ditch cutting samples and 65 sidewall cores were perforrned within GGU. One survey was based on palynomorphs (Croxton, 1981 and internal reports), the other, by the author, was based on foraminifera and larger diatoms. In addition to GGU's investgations, 14 reports concerning the micropalaeontology and biostratigraphy of the five wells were prepared by exploration companies and consultants on the basis of foraminifera, palynomorphs (identifications by, inter alia J. M. Hansen and L. I. Costa), diatoms, radiolarians and ca1careous/siliceous nannoplankton (identifications by, inter alia K. Perch-Nielsen). This constitutes the total amount of accessibie biostratigraphical data from the offshore part of the West Greenland Basin; it comprises more than 8000 analysed samples. Compilation of the biostratigraphical data from these sources, allows a fairly detailed stratigraphical correlation and understanding of the five wells (Toxwenius, 1986). In this paper a summary of the stratigraphy and successive correlation of the five wells is presented. The lithostratigraphy and sedimentology of the wells have been reported by Rolle (1985).
A boninitic dyke in the eastern Sukkertoppen region: geochemistry of the boninitic-norite dyke swarm of southern West Greenland
Authors: Hall R.P , Hughes D.J
Published: June 2021

Large early Proterozoic (c. 2100 Ma) basic dykes occur throughout the Archaean craton of southern West Greenland (Allaart, 1975, 1982; Bridgwater et al., 1985; Kalsbeek & Taylor, 1985) and have become known as the MD (meta-dolerite) dykes (Bridgwater et al., 1976). Four generations (MD1, MD2, MD3a and MD3b) can be distinghushed by their mutuaIly discordant relationships and their progressively evolved geochemistry along an apparently common tholeiitic trend (Rivalenti, 1975; Hall et al., 1985). However, the earliest generation comprises two distinct lithological types, one noritic and the other doleritic. Noritic dykes predominate in the eastern Sukkertoppen region (cf. Garde et al., 1983), while dolerite dykes become increasingly abundant towards the south. A few N-S trending noritic dykes extend southwards through the eastern Godthåbsfjord and Fiskenæsset regions and similar dykes occur rarely in the Frederikshåb region (Andrews, 1973, personal communication, 1985). Textural and geochemical evidence presented here from a quenched variety of the norite dykes demonstrates that these dykes crystallized from magmas with strong boninitic affinities, as has also been suggested on geochemical grounds for other dykes from the same swarm by Bridgwater et al. (1985), and that they are not genetically related to the dolerites of the tholeiitic MD swarm. In view of this evidence, and since these noritic dykes are neither metamorphosed nor dolerites, it is suggested that they should no longer be considered to be part of the MD dyke swarm, but that they warrant a new stratigraphic name.
Stable isotope studies on the Greenland ice-sheet margin
Authors: Reeh N , Thomsen H.H
Published: June 2021

Stable isotope analysis has been used intensively in the investigation of snow and ice-cores retrieved from the central region of the Greenland ice sheet. The d 18O records from the deep ice cores drilled at Camp Century and Dye 3, for example, provided detailed climatic information for the past maybe more than 100 000 years (Dansgaard et al., 1985). However, although the marginal zone of the ice sheet is readily accessibie compared with the central region, little attention has been given to stable isotope studies in the marginal zone (the ablation zone).
The Sjælland Fjelde Formation: a new Ordovician formation from eastern North Greenland
Authors: Ineson J.R , Peel J.S , Smith M.P
Published: June 2021

The name Sjælland Fjelde Formation is introduced for a varied sequence of shallow-water platform dolomites and dolomitic limestones, about 105 m in thickness, in Kronprins Christian Land, eastern North Greenland. The new formation lies between the previously described Wandel Valley and Børglum River Formations. Conodont faunas indicate that the Sjælland Fjelde Formation is of Middle to earliest Late Whiterockian (early Middle Ordovician) age and that it can be eorrelated with the upper part of the Wandel Valley Formation of Peary Land to the north-west.
Archaeocyatha from the Lower Cambrian of Peary Land, central North Greenland
Authors: Debrenne F , Peel J.S
Published: June 2021

Archaeocyatha are reported from the Paralleldal Formation of the Brønlund Fjord Group, Peary Land, central North Greenland. Three new species are described and assigned to genera known from the upper part of the Lower Cambrian on the Siberian platform and in the Altai fold belt region. New taxa: Tegerocyathella inesoni sp. nov., Tegerocyathus greenlandensis sp. nov., Archaeocyathus pearylandensis sp. nov.
A change of profile?
Authors: Higgins A.K
Published: June 2021

Geologists working in East Greenland have introduced a number of place names derived from their measurement of sedimentary sections (or profiles) in well exposed rock sequences. These names include: Profilbjerg, ProfiIdal, Profilfjeldet, Profile Ravine and another Profilbjerg. The first three of these have been approved by the Greenland Place Names Committee, and of these two are type localities for stratigraphical units; the latter two have not been approved, and have no official status.
Aspects of Franklinian shelf, slope and trough evolution and stratigraphy in North Greenland
Authors: Surlyk F , Ineson J.R
Published: June 2021

The Early Palaeozoic Franklinian basin of North Greenland was initiated in early Cambrian times with the onset of siliciclastic and mixed carbonate shelf deposition on a substratum of Proterozoic sediments and Precambrian crystalline basement. The basin rapidly differentiated into shelf, slope, and trough environments. The boundary between these major depositional regimes follows major roughly east-west trending lineaments. The inner-outer shelf transition fluetuated widely in position and was controlled by the interplay between sea-level changes and periodic northwards downwarping. In Ordovician-Silurian times the margin of the carbonate platform migrated northwards to coincide with the shelf-slope break and had a steep scarp configuration with an abrupt transition to the shales and turbidites of the deep-water basin. In this paper we pay special attention to the initial basin sequence (Skagen Group), the collapsed and broken platform carbonates of the Lower Cambrian Portfjeld Formation, the Middle - Late Cambrian inner-outer shelf transition and to the nature of the Silurian platform margin scarp.