bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blockchain y la transformación de la contabilidad: implicaciones y desafíos en comercializadoras de productos de consumo masivos
Authors: Salinas-Montaleza Paola Estefanía , Andrade-Amoroso Rolando Patricio
Published: January 2025

Este estudio investiga la adopción de blockchain en la contabilidad de productos de consumo masivo, combinando enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos. Con la participación de contadores en la provincia del Azuay, se evaluó el nivel de conocimiento sobre blockchain y su percepción sobre su integración en el sector. Los resultados revelaron un bajo conocimiento general, una percepción positiva hacia su implementación, destacando la necesidad de capacitación. La seguridad de la información contable fue considerada relevante, mientras que los desafíos incluyeron costos de implementación y resistencia al cambio. A pesar de esto, se reconocieron los beneficios potenciales de mejorar la eficiencia y transparencia en la gestión contable. Se sugirió una intervención gubernamental para facilitar la adopción de blockchain. En conclusión, el estudio destaca la importancia de la educación, la seguridad de datos y la superación de barreras para aprovechar el potencial de blockchain en la contabilidad.
Marco ético en la planificación fiscal: implicaciones y desafíos en el sector público ecuatoriano
Authors: Tanqueño-Colcha Judith del Pilar , Montero-Cobo Miryam Alejandra
Published: January 2025

El estudio se centró en examinar la ética en la planificación fiscal del sector público ecuatoriano, con el objetivo de evaluar la percepción y la importancia de establecer un marco ético en esta área. De tipo descriptiva, se recopilaron datos a través de encuestas aplicadas a funcionarios públicos, analizando temas como la transparencia, la elusión fiscal, la presión política y la responsabilidad social corporativa. Los resultados revelaron un fuerte consenso a favor de implementar un marco ético, destacando la preocupación por prácticas fiscales irresponsables y desafíos éticos. Se resalta la necesidad de promover la transparencia, la rendición de cuentas y la participación ciudadana para mejorar la ética en la gestión fiscal. En conclusión, se destaca la urgencia de promover un comportamiento ético en la gestión pública para garantizar la efectividad y la legitimidad de las políticas fiscales.
Efectos de las NIIF en las estrategias de inversión de las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito
Authors: Villa-Guamán Martha Raquel , Reyes-Cárdenas Narciza Azucena
Published: January 2025

El estudio examinó el impacto de la implementación de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF) en las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito (COAC) en Cuenca, Ecuador. Se empleó un enfoque metodológico no experimental, combinando métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos, con la aplicación de encuestas a 31 contadores de COAC en la región. Mediante esta técnica, se encontró que la mayoría está familiarizada con las NIIF y que la implementación ha sido mayoritaria por más de tres años. Aunque se identificaron desafíos en la capacitación del personal y la interpretación de las normas, los resultados destacaron un impacto positivo en la valoración de activos financieros y la gestión del riesgo. En conclusión, la adopción de las NIIF ha mejorado la transparencia y la confiabilidad de la información financiera en las COAC, pero se requiere una mayor atención en la capacitación y comprensión adecuadas para maximizar los beneficios.
Marketing inclusivo: ¿Cómo abordar la diversidad y la equidad en las estrategias digitales?
Authors: Guerrero-Idrovo Jairo Estuardo , Jácome-Ortega Mariella Johanna , Vásquez-Erazo Edwin Joselito
Published: January 2025

El marketing inclusivo se ha vuelto esencial para las marcas que buscan conectar con audiencias diversas y promover la equidad en sus estrategias digitales. El objetivo es aplicar el marketing inclusivo en supermercados de Cuenca, adoptando una metodología descriptiva. Los resultados revelan una correlación positiva entre la percepción de la importancia del marketing inclusivo y la valoración personal de la inclusividad en los supermercados. La mayoría de encuestados notaron la implementación de estrategias inclusivas y consideran importante una política de diversidad e inclusión en estos establecimientos. Sin embargo, muchos perciben que los esfuerzos actuales son insuficientes. Aunque la mayoría no ha experimentado discriminación, un porcentaje significativo sí lo ha hecho. Se concluye que estos hallazgos destacan la necesidad de mejorar la inclusión en los supermercados para satisfacer las necesidades de una base de clientes diversa y promover un ambiente inclusivo y libre de discriminación
Design and mechanical analysis of bushings made from TPU using additive manufacturing and the finite element method
Authors: Contreras-Chávez Axel A. , Villagómez-Moreno José , Manríquez-Padilla Carlos G. , Pérez-Cruz Ángel
Published: January 2025

The study focused on analyzing the mechanical behavior of a front suspension fork bushing for
an all-terrain vehicle (ATV), manufactured using Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) through
additive manufacturing, specifically 3D printing. This technology enables the creation of
customized designs, reduces production time, and minimizes material waste. TPU, an elastomer
with remarkable physical and mechanical properties, was evaluated as a potential substitute for
natural rubber, which is the primary material traditionally used for bushings in the automotive
industry, especially in the production of tires, hoses, and seals. The analysis was conducted
through CAD modeling and finite element simulations, subjecting the bushing to torsional and
shear stresses typical of vehicular suspension systems. The results indicated that TPU could serve
as a replacement material for the established requirements. Given that replacement parts are not
always acquired in a timely manner, the study focuses on providing a viable alternative for the
automotive industry.
Behavior of M2 steel with CrN/TiN thin films by cathodic arc PVD method
Authors: Resendiz-Albino Juan David , Melo-Máximo Lizbeth , Melo-Máximo Dulce Viridiana , Vega-Morón Roberto Carlos
Published: January 2025

The objective of this project is to obtain results on the films generated on M2 highspeed steel substrates, used in cutting applications and wear resistance. These
samples were coated with CrN as the base layer and TiN as the film, using the PVD
cathodic arc method. The project was carried out in collaboration with SADOSA
S.A. de C.V., a company specialized in industrial coatings for high-speed cutting
tools.The methodology included microstructural characterization through scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) and composition analysis (SEM-EDS), along with
topographical analysis using optical profilometry. The film thickness was
determined using the calotest method, and tribological analysis was conducted with
the pin-on-disk technique, obtaining wear tracks, volume loss, and specific wear
rate according to ASTM G99 standards. The adhesion of the films was also
evaluated using VDI 3198 standards to assess the adhesion quality of the samples.
Finally, the data were collected for the analysis of the obtained results.
Development of an interactive graphical interface for the simulation and analysis of different types of amplitude modulation (AM)
Authors: González-Galindo Edgar Alfredo , León-López Hugo , Ruiz-Montiel Fernando Israel , Martínez-Álvarez Ángel Antonio
Published: January 2025

The development of interactive tools allows users to explore and visualize various
conditions in signal behavior. This work presents a graphical interface focused on
Amplitude Modulation (AM), where the types of modulation, undermodulated,
modulated, and overmodulated are visualized. Using object-oriented programming,
the interface integrates text and numeric input fields, interactive buttons, and graph
visualizers. These elements allow users to easily adjust parameters such as
frequency, amplitude, and timing of the information, carrier, and modulating
signals. The tool offers a clear and dynamic visualization of different modulations,
facilitating the understanding of theoretical concepts related to AM modulation.
Additionally, it provides an intuitive theoretical-practical learning experience that
reinforces both teaching and research in this field, offering support in various areas
of study and experimentation.
Measurement of refractive index in liquid mixtures using interferometry
Authors: López-Álvarez Yadira Fabiola , Peña-Lecona Francisco Gerardo , Jara-Ruiz Ricardo , Rodríguez-Franco Martín Eduardo
Published: January 2025

The main parameters that govern the changes in the speed of light when
interacting with matter are polarizability and electronic density. The first
relates to the ability of a group of atoms to deform under the action of an
electromagnetic field, while the second is directly linked to the mass of
the substance. If a beam of reference light and another that is incident in
the medium whit molecular variation are superimposed, they will be
producing a pattern of interference fringes by the phase shift. In this paper
we report the results obtained in the measurement of the change in
refractive index of liquids substances using patterns of interference
fringes. To check the applicability of the technique, two mixtures of
different liquid substances were used in the experiment. Water and
gasoline were used as solvents and ethanol and gasoline additive were
used as solutes, each at different percentages. The results suggest that it
is feasible to analyze the variation of the concentration, density and
change of refractive index of a substance, through the direct relationship
between the molecular changes of the substance analyzed and the phase
difference.
Mujeres francófonas escritoras, lingüistas y pensadoras. Olympe de Gouges: la voix féminine méconnue de la Révolution française
Authors: González Melero Catalina , Diouf Diène Bernadette , de Julios Costas Esperanza
Published: January 2025

En esta serie de Vídeos Didácticos de literatura, cultura y lingüística nos dirigimos a un amplio público de estudiantes de francés desde los niveles principiantes hasta los avanzados (A1-C1) que están cursando sus estudios en la Universidad de Sevilla en el Grado de Estudios franceses (EEFF), en el Doble Grado en Primaria y EEFF, en los otros Grados de Filología (en Estudios Ingleses, en Lengua y Literatura Alemanas, en Estudios Árabes e Islámicos, en Filología Hispánica, en Filología Clásica y los Doble Grados con Educación Primaria), en el MELLC (Facultad de Filología), en el MAES y en el Instituto de Idiomas de la US. Asimismo, los recursos pretenden ser accesible a cualquier otro miembro de la comunidad universitaria ya que proponemos al SAV traducir el contenido al español con los alumnos internos del Departamento de Filología Francesa y en las distintas asignaturas de traducción (Grado en EEFF- Máster Universitario en Traducción e Interculturalidad (MUenTI)) para proponer unos subtítulos en español.

Aplicación del recurso:
Público en general que quiera mejorar su conocimiento sobre mujeres francófonas importantes, en general y, en particular, sobre la implicación de estas en el ámbito escénico, ya sea como actrices, como directoras o como empresarias. Además, este recurso será particularmente interesante para los estudiantes de francés que están cursando sus estudios en la Universidad de Sevilla en el Grado de Estudios Franceses, en los otros Grados de Filología, en el Grado en Turismo, en el Instituto de Idiomas de la US. Asimismo, los recursos pueden ser aprovechados por cualquier otro miembro de la comunidad universitaria.

Permite dar a conocer a una voz femenina desconocida del Siglo de las Luces en Francia, Olympe de Gouges.
Clormetina en micosis fungoide foliculotropa refractaria
Authors: Montealegre Rafael Arturo , Rueda Cadena Xavier , Ospina Idarraga Juan Alejandro , Nova Villanueva John Alexander
Published: January 2025

La micosis fungoide es el linfoma cutáneo más frecuente. A diferencia de la micosis fungoide clásica, la micosis fungoide foliculotropa se asocia a refractariedad en el tratamiento y a un mal pronóstico. En Colombia, desde hace solo dos años se cuenta con el medicamento clormetina tópica. Se presentan tres casos de micosis fungoide foliculotropa resistente a tratamientos tópicos y sistémicos que tuvieron una excelente respuesta a la clormetina.
ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ О ПАЦИЕНТЕ КАК ФАКТОР УДОВЛЕТВОРЕННОСТИ / НЕУДОВЛЕТВОРЕННОСТИ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬЮ ВРАЧЕЙ-СТОМАТОЛОГОВ
Authors: Орлова Екатерина Сергеевна , Половинкина Алла Витальевна , Недуруева Татьяна Валерьевна
Published: January 2025

Позитивное восприятие врачом своих пациентов в лечебно-диагностическом процессе является одним из основных факторов общей удовлетворенности от трудовой деятельности, превенции профессионального выгорания, повышения эффективности взаимодействия, что косвенно влияет на комплаентность пациентов. В отечественной литературе недостаточно исследований, посвященных изучению специфики преставлений врачей-стоматологов о пациентах стоматологического профиля. Цель исследования: изучение феномена диссоциации представления о пациенте как фактора удовлетворенности профессиональной деятельностью врачей-стоматологов с учетом профиля их деятельности. Выборку составили 67 врачей-стоматологов различных стоматологических специальностей, из них 36 женщин и 31 мужчина в возрасте 26-37 лет (M=28,41, SD=2,26 лет). Материалом для контент-анализа и частотного анализа послужили данные, полученные от практикующих врачей-стоматологов, касающиеся характеристик реального и идеального пациентов. Обсуждаются особенности представлений реального и идеального пациентов у врачей-стоматологов разных специальностей. Рассмотрены характеристики представлений врачей о пациентах, определена взаимосвязь характеристик представления о реальном и идеальном пациенте с учетом специальности практической деятельности стоматолога, выявлен уровень общей удовлетворенности профессиональной деятельностью врачей-стоматологов с учетом стоматологической специальности. В результате проведенного исследования выявлена диссоциация представлений реального и идеального пациентов у врачей-стоматологов и сниженный уровень удовлетворенности выбранной профильной специальностью и практической стоматологической деятельностью, что позволяет рассматривать диссоциацию представлений о пациенте в качестве одного из факторов удовлетворенности/неудовлетворенности профессиональной деятельностью врачей-стоматологов.
DISCOURSE “PHILOSOPHY OF FINANCIAL ANALYSIS” IN THE STRUCTURE OF ECONOMIC KNOWLEDGE
Authors: ZHUKEVYCH Svitlana
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Global challenges and a dynamic understanding of our changing world form a new paradigm, the foundation of which is in fundamental research and practical applications of scientific intelligence, which allows obtaining significant results and finding solutions to global and local problems. One of the forms of multidisciplinarity is the convergence and development of scientific knowledge – philosophy and economic sciences, including financial analysis. The peculiarities of the formation and development of financial analysis as an independent science require the study of its philosophical foundations.

The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical aspects of the philosophy of financial analysis and its place in the structure of economic knowledge in order to solve the hermeneutic issues of creating an effective model of financial analysis as a holistic science.

Results. It is outlined that the philosophy of the economic world determines general, universal trends and patterns of its development based on philosophical categories: goals, explanations, theories, verification, induction and demarcation. The expansion of the subject field of the philosophy of economics made it possible to single out the philosophy of financial analysis. It has been proven that the existence of financial analysis as a separate, independent, holistic science is a reason to investigate its philosophical foundations, and the discourse “philosophy of financial analysis” covers philosophical questions of the “nature” and structure of scientific explanation, justification of the scientific method, changes in scientific theory, the status of scientific laws, the discussion between scientific-realist and anti-realist approaches and occupies considerable importance in the system of economic sciences.

Conclusions. Therefore, the formation of the philosophical foundations of the scientific economic system, the provision of reliable and substantive knowledge about financial analysis, substantiated in a thorough (comprehensive) logical theoretical form, is the need of today. After all, the philosophy of financial analysis studies philosophical questions of the “nature” and structure of scientific explanation, the justification of methods, changes in scientific theory, the status of scientific laws, and the debate between scientific-realist and anti-realist approaches. The understanding of the philosophy of financial analysis as a discipline is revealed through the interrelated components, philosophical dimensions of financial analysis: ontological, epistemological, epistemological, axiological, methodological, which influence and determine the research paradigm and will be the subject of further scientific investigations, as they form the philosophical doctrine of financial and economic reality.
Исследование характера механического разрушения чугунного радиатора при возникновении гидравлического удара в системе отопления
Authors: Талипов Р.А. , Дунюшкин А.Е. , Светлаков Я.И. , Райзер Ю.С. , Зенцов В.Н.
Published: January 2025

Одним из видов аварий в системах отопления является утечка теплоносителя вследствие нарушения герметичности. Причиной может быть механическое разрушение элементов системы отопления (например, отопительного прибора) иа-за возникновения гидравлического удара. Цель работы состояла в исследовании характера разрушения чугунного радиатора при возникновении гидравлического удара в системе отопления. Выполнен анализ теоретических основ возникновения гидравлического удара. Для исследований использовался испытательный стенд, моделирующий возникновение гидравлического удара в системе отопления. Проведена серия испытаний на стенде, определены особенности повреждения чугунного радиатора вследствие возникновения гидравлического удара в системе отопления, дан анализ разрушенных участков чугунного радиатора, сформированы выводы по результатам исследования. Показано, что характер разрушения чугунного радиатора в системе отопления в результате воздействия гидравлического удара имеет свои особенности: разрушению подвержены дальние секции относительно стороны подвода теплоносителя; разрушение происходит в центральной части секции радиатора; от секции радиатора откалываются плоские участки площадью 10–15 см2.

One of the types of failures in heating systems is a heating medium leak due to depressurization of heating systems. It may be caused by mechanical destruction of heating system elements (for example, a heating device) due to the occurrence of water surge. The work objective was studying the nature of the destruction of a cast-iron radiator should there be a water surge in the heating system. The theoretical foundations of the water surge occurrence were analyzed. A test bench simulating the occurrence of a water surge in a heating system was used for the research. A series of bench tests was conducted, the characteristics of damage to a cast-iron radiator due to the occurrence of a water surge in the heating system were determined, the analysis of the broken-up sections of the cast-iron radiator was given, and conclusions were drawn based on the results of the study. It was shown that the nature of the destruction of a cast-iron radiator in a heating system as a result of a water surge had unique features: the remote sections relative to the heating medium supply side were subject to the destruction; the destruction occurred in the central part of the radiator section; flat sections with an area of 10–15 cm2 broke off the radiator section.
Pledge of property as a measure ensuring compensation for harm to the victim
Authors: Kuznetsov D. A. , Chabukiani O. A.
Published: January 2025

The article states that compensation of damage caused by a crime and defense of rights of the victim are key objectives of criminal proceedings. In some cases, even with positive post-criminal behavior, the suspect or accused may be unable to compensate for the damage due to their financial situation. To encourage positive behavior, alternative criminallegal measures should be considered. These measures could establish a structured order of payments following an agreement on harm compensation, including options for deferment or installment
Strategi Komunikasi Politik Digital Tri Andhianto dan Abdul Haris Bobihoe dalam Pilkada Bekasi 2024
Authors: Fitriyanti Novia , Puspitasari Ranti , Jasmine Thalia , Putranto Algooth
Published: January 2025

The 2024 Simultaneous Regional Elections in Bekasi are an important momentum in the development of local democracy in Indonesia, marked by the support of a coalition of ten political parties for the candidate pair Tri Adhianto and Abdul Haris Bobihoe. This study uses a qualitative method with a desk review approach to analyze the communication and campaign strategies of the candidate pair. The results of the study show that this pair succeeded in utilizing social media effectively to reach voters, especially the younger generation. Relevant campaign messages, related to education, job creation, and community welfare, succeeded in building emotional attachment. Their campaign reflects political pragmatism at the local level, where support from various parties puts aside ideological differences in order to achieve electoral goals. Through social media, the candidate pair created two-way communication with the community and expanded their audience reach. This study concludes that adaptive and digital-based campaign strategies can increase public participation and trust in candidates, although challenges in maintaining transparency and accountability remain.
Electronic Cigarette (E-Cig) Use in the Chronic Pain Population
Authors: Kim Chong
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Since electronic cigarettes (E-Cigs) were introduced to the United States (US) in 2007 its use has increased. Like other tobacco products, E-Cigs too pose health risks. Studies have shown a correlation between pain and tobacco use, with the association being bidirectional. However, there is limited data on the effect of E-Cig use on chronic pain, as well as its association with opioid use.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the use of tobacco products, including E-Cigs in a chronic pain population.

STUDY DESIGN: This study was designed as a cross sectional survey.

SETTING: This study was set in an urban academic teaching center.

METHODS: After IRB approval, surveys of established chronic pain patients were conducted over 4 months. The survey and results were anonymous, without the collection of any identifiable information. The adult patients who had been treated in the pain practice for over 3 months were included in this study. The survey collected the patients’ age, gender, history of tobacco usage, cigarette smoking, E-Cig and opioid use.

RESULTS: A total of 312 patients were surveyed. 198 women (63.5%) and 114 men (36.5%). The average age was 58.2; ~59 years for men and ~58 years for women. Eighty-four patients (26.9%) were managing pain using chronic opioids; 46 women and 38 men. Nine women (4.5%) had tried E-Cigs in the past, but none (0%) were active users. Eighteen men (15.8%) had tried E-Cigs in the past with 9 (7.8%) being active users. Among the opioid managed patients, 6 (9.1%) had and were active users of E-Cigs and all 6 were men (20%).

LIMITATIONS: The anonymous results collected through the survey may not be accurate as they cannot be validated. In addition to the small sample size, the entire study population is from an urban academic center which may not be generalizable to all chronic pain patients. Finally, the study does not evaluate the impact of tobacco or E-Cig use on pain level or functional status.

CONCLUSION: In this study of chronic pain patients, cigarette smoking and E-Cig use was similar to the reported use in the general adult population in the US. The study showed a strong correlation between tobacco use, especially cigarettes and E-Cigs, and opioid use. As the use of E-Cigs becomes more mainstream, the association between E-Cig use, chronic pain, and opioid use should be monitored.

KEY WORDS: Tobacco use, electronic cigarettes, E-Cig, E-cigarette, opioid use, chronic pain
A Proposed Treatment Algorithm for Low Back Pain Secondary to Bertolotti’s Syndrome
Authors: Chitneni Ahish
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Chronic low back pain is widely prevalent, and there are a range of conditions that may result in the low back pain. In general, treatment of low back pain starts with conservative management such as medications, physical therapy, and home exercise regimens. If conservative measures fail, a range of interventional techniques can be employed to manage back pain. An uncommonly recognized cause of back pain is Bertolotti’s syndrome which is a result of back pain due to lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV). LSTV is a congenital abnormality either characterized by the lumbarization of the sacrum where the first sacral bone fails to fuse with the rest of the sacrum or the sacralization of the lumbar spine where the L5 vertebra fuses with the sacrum creating a longer sacrum. In many cases, the condition can be recognized by imaging techniques such as an x-ray, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging.

OBJECTIVES: To propose a treatment algorithm for patients with low back pain secondary to Bertolotti’s syndrome.

STUDY DESIGN: Case study and treatment algorithm proposal

METHODS: A treatment algorithm for patients with low back pain secondary to Bertolotti’s Syndrome which involves starting with local anesthetic and steroid injection of the pseudo-articulation, followed by radiofrequency ablation of the pseudo-articulation, and then complete endoscopic resection of the pseudo joint.

RESULTS: The proposed stepwise treatment guideline has the ability to diagnose Bertolotti’s syndrome as the cause of low back pain and provide symptomatic relief.

LIMITATIONS: Several limitations exist for the study including the fact that the algorithmic approach may not fit every patient. Additionally, there would be benefit in future research studies comparing each step of the algorithm with conservative measures to compare efficacy and long-term outcomes of the procedures.

CONCLUSIONS: Our stepwise approach to diagnosing and managing the pain resulting from Bertolotti’s syndrome is an effective method of treatment for the condition.

KEY WORDS: Chronic pain, low back pain, Bertolotti’s syndrome, pseudo joint, radiofrequency ablation, endoscopic resection
Anatomical Variation of Infrapatellar Innervation Determines Clinical Risk of Infrapatellar Neuropathy
Authors: Supper Paul
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Infrapatellar neuropathy arises from traumatic, iatrogenic, or compression injury to the infrapatellar branch (IB) of the saphenous nerve. The risk of infrapatellar neuropathy has been shown to depend on the IB’s anatomical course. The infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve (ISBN) has been discovered to take varying courses, and the IB can emerge directly from the femoral nerve. The variety of the IBSN’s courses and the prevalence of cases involving the infrapatellar branch of the femoral nerve (IBFN) call the uniform IB course described in textbooks into question.

OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aim to identify sites of IB emergence and their anatomical relations and evaluate them for their risk of neuropathy.

STUDY DESIGN: The study is an anatomical prospective pilot study.

SETTING: The setting is a single-center cadaveric study performed at the anatomical institute of the Medical University of Vienna.

METHODS: Twenty-two anatomical specimens were evaluated for the relationship of their IBs to anatomical risk sites. The subsartorial course, distal sartorial penetration, and the crossing of the medial femoral epicondyle were assessed. The measurements and relations of the IB were determined with callipers and assessed by computational modelling.

RESULTS: Nine IBs originated from the saphenous nerve, 11 originated from the femoral nerve, and 2 originated from both. The subsartorial course was most frequent in IBs of saphenous origin. Penetrating and profound distal sartorial relations correlated moderately with emergence type and were highest in the saphenous group. The crossing of the medial femoral epicondyle was the most common relation of IBs that emerged femorally.

LIMITATIONS: The study’s limitations were the low number of cadavers to examine and the confining of the exploration of knee extension to anatomical specimens that restricted an inferential analysis.

CONCLUSION: Infrapatellar innervation can emerge from the saphenous nerve, the femoral nerve, or a combination of both, and the origin of the innervation determines the clinical risk for infrapatellar neuropathy. While innervation from the IBSN may lead to compression at the subsartorial course, distal sartorial penetration, and the crossing of the medial femoral epicondyle, innervation from the IBFN carries reduced anatomical risk for infrapatellar neuropathy.

KEY WORDS: Infrapatellar neuropathy, anatomical variation, infrapatellar innervation, anterior knee pain syndrome, compression syndromes
A simple, highly sensitive and specific serological test for the detection of antibodies to Varicella-zoster virus (Varicellovirus humanalpha3)
Authors: Nagieva Firaya G. , Barkova Elena P , Kharchenko Olga S. , Sidorov Alexander V. , Alatortseva Galina I. , Cherepovich Bogdan S. , Tarakanova Yulia N. , Trubacheva Olga A. , Pashkov Evgeny A. , Rtishchev Artem A. , Svitich Oksana A. , Zverev Vitaly V.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) is a highly contagious alpha-herpes virus. The diagnosis of chickenpox remains a difficult task especially in cases of breakthrough chickenpox, so the development of reliable laboratory tests is necessary. The simplest and most sensitive serological test for detecting antibodies in human and animal sera is the passive hemagglutination reaction (PHAR).
The aim. To develop of a simple, highly sensitive and specific serological tests for the detection of antibodies to VZV in human and animal blood sera.
Materials and methods. Human and animal cell cultures; various strains of VZV; human and animal immune sera; monoclonal antibody to VZV glycoprotein (GP) E. Formalin-treated erythrocytes of sheep, chickens and goats, sensibilised with GP of VZV from a virus-containing supernatant were used for PHAR.
Results. Cell cultures with the maximum cytopathic effect at VZV infection were selected. A simple original method for obtaining virus-specific VZV GPs using lectins has been developed. Purified GPs were obtained by their elution from sheep erythrocytes after adsorption. The activity of VZV GP was confirmed in PHAR by an antibody diagnostic assay using formalin-treated sheep erythrocytes sensibilised using monoclonal antibodies to GP E of the “vOka” VZV strain (USA). Using GPs from different VZV strains, PHAR test and GP-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA) have been developed to detect antibodies in human and animal immune sera. These tests have high sensitivity, specificity and lack of cross-reactivity.
Conclusion. A highly specific, sensitive and reproducible tests for the detection of antibodies to VZV have been developed.
The features of Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (Retroviridae: Lentivirus: Lentivirus humimdef1) non-A6 variants, characteristic for the Russian Federation
Authors: Kuznetsova Anna I. , Antonova Anastasiia A. , Lebedev Aleksey V. , Ozhmegova Ekaterina N. , Shlykova Anastasia V. , Lapovok Ilya A. , Galzitskaya Oxana V.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Tat protein is a trans-activator of HIV-1 genome transcription, with additional functions including the ability to induce the chronic inflammatory process. Natural amino acid polymorphisms in Tat may affect its functional properties and the course of HIV infection.
The aim of this work is to analyze the marks of Tat consensus sequences in non-A6 HIV-1 variants characteristic of the Russian Federation, as well as study natural polymorphisms in Tat CRF63_02A6 and subtype B variants circulating in Russia.
Materials and methods. The whole-genome nucleotide sequences of HIV-1 CRF63_02A6, CRF03_A6B, as well as subtype B and CRF02_AG circulating in Russia were used. The reference group was formed based on the sequences of subtype B variants circulating in different countries. Preferentially, the sequences were downloaded from the international database Los Alamos.
Results. CRF63_02A6 consensus sequence contained the highest number of amino acid substitutions, 31, and had no helix at positions 30‒33 in the secondary structure; however, this did not change its predicted tertiary structure. CRF03_A6B consensus sequence contained a stop codon at position 87. The polymorphisms in subtype B variants circulating in our country and in CRF63_02A6 variants were identified.
Conclusion. Consensus sequences of Tat protein in non-A6 variants typical for the Russian Federation were obtained and their features were determined. R78G, located in the functionally significant motif, and C31S, the functionally significant substitution, were significantly more frequent in subtype B variants circulating in Russia and in CRF63_02A6 variants than in the reference group, respectively. A limitation of this study is the small sample of sequences.
The impact of innate immune response on the efficacy of oncolytic viruses
Authors: Trachuk Kirill N. , Pestov Nikolai B. , Biryukova Yulia K. , Kolyasnikova Nadezhda M.
Published: January 2025

Oncolytic viruses represent a promising class of immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of malignant tumors. The proposed mechanism of action of various oncolytic viruses has initially been explained by the ability of such viruses to selectively lyse tumor cells without damaging healthy ones. Recently, there have emerged more studies determining the effect of the antiviral immunostimulating mechanisms on the effectiveness of treatment in cancer patients. Stimulation of innate immune cells by an oncolytic virus can initiate an adaptive antitumor immune response, yet at the same time, the antiviral mechanisms of the immune system can limit the spread of the virus, thereby reducing its effectiveness. Thus, the success of the clinical application of the oncolytic viruses directly depends on the three key components: tumor immunosuppression, antiviral responses, and antitumor immune responses.
The review presents current data on the influence of pattern recognition receptors on the effectiveness of oncolytic viruses.
Identification of a new alphacoronavirus (Coronaviridae: Alphacoronavirus) associated with the greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) in the south of European part of Russia
Authors: Lenshin Sergey V. , Vishnevskaya Tatyana V. , Romashin Alexey V. , Bulycheva Yulia I. , Vyshemirsky Oleg I. , Solovyeva Sophya A. , Gitelman Asya K. , Pazilin Alexey S. , Lvov Dmitry K. , Hu Ben , Shi Zheng-Li , Alkhovsky Sergey V.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Bats are recognized as primary natural reservoirs for alpha- and betacoronaviruses. The interspecies transmission of bat coronaviruses to other mammalian hosts, including livestock and humans, can lead to epidemics, epizootics, and global pandemics.
Objective. This study aims to describe coronaviruses associated with horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus spp.) in the southern regions of the European part of Russia.
Materials and methods. Fecal samples were collected from bats inhabiting caves on the southern macroslope of the Greater Caucasus (Sochi-Adler region) during 2020, 2021, and 2024. Viral genomes were detected and analyzed using high-throughput sequencing (NGS) and RT-PCR.
Results. A novel alphacoronavirus, designated Kudep virus (GenBank acc. # PQ649435), was identified in R. ferrumequinum. Presumably the Kudep virus represents a novel species within the subgenus Decacovirus of the genus Alphacoronavirus. The virus Showed 72% nucleotide identity to a Cardioderma bat coronavirus from Kenya and up to 67% nucleotide identity to the YN2012 virus group found in horseshoe bats in China. RT-PCR screening revealed active circulation of both Kudep virus and the previously described SARS-like betacoronavirus Khosta-1 in the study area. Infection rates in a single R. ferrumequinum colony during autumn 2021 reached 59.2% and 70.5% for Kudep and Khosta-1, respectively. Frequent co-infections with both viruses were observed in individual bats.
Conclusion. Our findings expand the understanding of the distribution of bat alphacoronaviruses and their genetic diversity. We demonstrate the presence of a persistent natural foci of two potentially zoonotic bat coronaviruses, ecologically associated with R. ferrumequinum in the southern European part of Russia.
Reflexiones históricas de la humanidad, desde el pensamiento complejo
Authors:   Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Hernández Ortíz Julio César
Published: January 2025

PROPÓSITO: reflexionar sobre el desarrollo de la historia de la humanidad, describiendo desde que apareció el hombre en la tierra, empezó a construir el zigurat, descubriendo estrategias de aprendizaje para el buen vivir, ya que formó sus métodos de enseñanza-aprendizaje lo que fue creando una complejidad en la vida. MÉTODO: se utilizó el método hermenéutico, con el propósito de la revalorización de las humanidades, y el heurístico, que se basa en la utilización de reglas empíricas para llegar a una solución, y luego evaluar la interrelación entre todas, como estrategias que han aportado las ciencias de la complejidad y la transdisciplinariedad. RESULTADO: a través de la inteligencia artificial se propone darle una solución al bucle en el que se ha enredado el hombre a través del tiempo, ayudarlo a retomar, rehacer y reformar el pensamiento, para que tome una nueva conciencia en su relación con el planeta. REFLEXIÓN: para entender la complejidad del ser humano y comprender el entramado de la vida, conlleva que es necesario reformar las instituciones educativas y que estas reconstruyan la educación y que el docente aprenda a conocerse a sí mismo, porque es indispensable que pueda desaprender y reaprender para mejorar.
Zigurat, fundamento epistémico en los albores de las ciencias
Authors:   Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Hernández Ortíz Julio César
Published: January 2025

En sus albores, el hombre deteniéndose a contemplar el panorama sombrío del mundo turbulento en el cual debía deambular, comprendió que era imperioso aprender a sobrevivir en tal ambiente. Consideró, por ejemplo, que la formación para cazar heredada de sus ancestros, empíricos maestros, requería innovaciones. Creando así una serie de estrategias de aprendizaje para que la vida le fuera más cómoda, sin anular, por supuesto, las bases preconcebidas.
El aprendizaje de las guerras desde la óptica del observador
Authors:   Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Hernández Ortíz Julio César
Published: January 2025

Las guerras son intrínsicamente malas, aunque hay leyes que supuestamente deben respetarse, pero a la hora de la batalla es difícil que acaten, violando principios éticos y morales. Pero el ser humano desarrolló a través de sus experiencias de la vida, la flecha y el arco como armas de guerra; posteriormente, fabricó trampas y así fue inventando como defenderse y atacar a sus enemigos. En la primera guerra mundial, el aprendizaje biotecnológico bélico se utilizó para fabricar el gas mostaza para asesinar a millones de personas, como el agregar ametralladoras al recién inventado avión, donde los soldados turcos del imperio otomano salieron despavoridos al ver esos artefactos que volaban y los asesinaban, pues, nunca habían visto cosa semejante.
El dinero: su historia y evolución; una reflexión del contexto de la sociedad real y compleja
Authors:   Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Hernández Ortíz Julio César
Published: January 2025

La academia está comprometida a organizar su trabajo en torno a las necesidades de transformación de la sociedad, asumiendo el liderazgo del cambio en la mente del hombre. Debiendo preparar de manera adecuada a los profesionales y acostumbrarlos a sentir la necesidad de la investigación para mantenerse actualizados en la ciencia. Ya que, la vida es un caos, una selva, un túnel donde se desconoce hasta donde termina. El ser humano trabaja y se encuentra en bifurcaciones, pero puede tener convicciones positivas o negativas de lo que observa en su entorno, y su cultura le puede ayudar a salvar la vida.
La incertidumbre sobre el surgimiento de un gobierno mundial
Authors:   Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Hernández Ortíz Julio César
Published: January 2025

El hombre ha buscado a través de la educación tecnológica alcanzar lo inalcanzable, pues para él no hay límite en explorar nuevos conocimientos, aunque lleva para algunos, millones y, para otros, miles de años aquí en la tierra; ha creado diferentes formas de gobernar, desde imperios hasta países con fronteras que cada nación debe respetar. Leyes creadas desde la fundación de la Sociedad de Naciones en 1919 y pasando por la fundación de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) en 1945. Ejemplo, fue la guerra del golfo Pérsico (1990-1991) cuando Irak invadió Kuwait, las fuerzas multinacionales de la ONU hicieron que el ejército iraquí retrocediera a su país. Algunos decían que los EEUU querían el petróleo.
Effect of Massage and Progressive Relaxation on Intensity of Pain and Menstrual Symptoms among Adolescent Girls with Dysmenorrhea at Selected High Schools of Bagalkot: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Honawad Ms. Arati. , Natekar Dr. Deelip S. , Naragund Ms. Akshata. , Shivaleela Ms. , K Mr. Rahul, , Chandrika Ms. , Praveen Mr. , Shetulaxmi Ms. , gouda Mr. Shreekant
Published: January 2025

Background: The review demonstrates that administration of Massages and relaxation techniques gradually decreases the intensity of pain and menstrual symptoms with dysmenorrhea. Methods: The current review is randomized trial study with 100 adolescent girls with high school students. Result: Findings related to the levels of pain among adolescent girls in experimental group depicts that most 52% adolescent, girls off were moderately pain 48% of them were severe pain. The levels of pain among adolescent girls of control group depicts that most 80% adolescent girls off were moderately pain 20% of them were severe pain. Findings related to assessment of levels of premenstrual syndrome among adolescents’ girls of experimental group shows that highest percent (60%) of adolescents’ girls had moderate premenstrual syndrome, 40% of them were severe premenstrual syndrome. The levels of premenstrual syndrome among adolescents’ girls of control group shows that highest percent (66%) of adolescents’ girls had moderate premenstrual syndrome, 34% of them were severe premenstrual syndrome. Findings related to assessment of levels of premenstrual syndrome among adolescents’ girls of experimental group shows that highest percent 60% of adolescents’ girls had moderate premenstrual syndrome, 40% of them were severe premenstrual syndrome. The levels of premenstrual syndrome among adolescents’ girls of control group shows that highest percent 66% of adolescents’ girls had moderate premenstrual syndrome, 34% of them were severe premenstrual syndrome. The experimental group reveals that the total mean percentage of pre-test premenstrual syndrome scores was 23.58% with mean and standard deviation 11.76±5.195. The total mean percentage of pre-test pain scores was 22.56% with mean and S11.28±7.322 and control group reveals that the total mean percentage of pre-test of premenstrual syndrome scores 32.98% with mean and standard deviation 16.49±6.07. The total mean percentage of pre-test pain s
Evaluation of Patients having Urinary Tract Infection with Antibiotic Sensitivity and Resistance Pattern at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Syed Fazlul , Hossain Md. Kabir , Jahan Ferdous , Faroque Md. Omar , Ahmed A. H. Hamid , Mojumder Mohammad Mahbub Alam , Salahuddin Muhammed , Morshed Syed Mahbub , Hossain Rana Mokarram , Mahtab-Ul Syed
Published: January 2025

This study was aimed to evaluate different categories of urinary tract infection (UTI), causative organisms and their antibiotic sensitivity/resistance pattern with treatment response at a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. This study was conducted at the Department of Nephrology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh over a period of five years from January 2019 to December 2023. A total of 3000 patients with UTI were enrolled. Patients with complicated UTI, uncomplicated UTI and urosepsis were categorized. Their demographic profile, clinical characteristics of UTI, antibiotic sensitivity/resistant patterns, co-morbidity, obstructive features and treatment responses were recorded accordingly. Of them; 1365 (45.5%) were males and 1635 (54.5%) were females. The mean age of the study patients was 36.6 ± 16 years. Most of the UTI cases were presented with dysuria (46.7%) along with fever and chill (26.7%). Uncomplicated UTI was observed in 27% study cases and complicated UTI was in 11% cases, of these; upper UTI was 9% and lower was 29%. Normal renal function was observed in 57.3% study patients. Majority (83.3%) of the urine sample showed bacterial colony count >105 cfu/ml. Among gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus. Enterococcus, group-B Streptococci were common. Among gram-negative bacteria E. Coli, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Proteus were identified. Diabetes is the leading cause of co-morbidity associated with UTI. Different obstructive features were observed among the study population. Antibiogram showed Colistin has highest degree of antibacterial sensitivity against E. Coli (around 80%). Staphylococcus Aureus was sensitive to Linezolid in 92% cases, Pseudomonas to imipenem in 85% cases. Klebsiella in 90% cases to tazobactum and pipercillin, Enterococci in 86% cases to Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid, Proteus in 70% cases to Meropenam, Staphylococcus Saprophyticus in 76% cases to Lenozolid, Group-B Streptococci in 80% ...
Macular hole after successful pneumatic retinopexy
Authors: Hassan Moutei  , Rajae El Aouni  , Ahmed Bennis  , Chraibi Fouad  , Abdellaoui Meriem  , Benatiya Andaloussi Idriss
Published: January 2025

Pneumatic retinopexy has become widely recognized as an effective approach for treating certain types of retinal detachments. However, the occurrence of a macular hole following pneumatic retinopexy is rare, affecting 0.3% of cases. This case highlights the early development of a macular hole following an initially successful Pneumatic retinopexy. A 55-year-old male presented with a decrease in visual acuity in his right eye for one week. Examination revealed retinal detachment, with a single horseshoe tear located at 10 o’clock position in the right eye. The patient underwent pneumatic retinopexy, which involved cryoretinopexy and an intravitreal injection of sulfur hexafluoride. Initially, complete reattachment of the retina was achieved. Two weeks later, the patient reported a central scotoma with a reduction in visual acuity. Optical coherence tomography identified a new macular hole. This case emphasizes the potential for rare complications associated with pneumatic retinopexy, which are typically attributed to persistent vitreous traction.