bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The development of an anti-cancer peptide M1-21 targeting transcription factor FOXM1
Authors: Cheng Haojie , Yuan Jie , Pei Chaozhu , Ouyang Min , Bu Huitong , Chen Yan , Huang Xiaoqin , Zhang Zhenwang , Yu Li , Tan Yongjun
Published: June 2023

Background

Transcription factor FOXM1 is a potential target for anti-cancer drug development. An interfering peptide M1-21, targeting FOXM1 and FOXM1-interacting proteins, is developed and its anti-cancer efficacy is evaluated.

Methods

FOXM1 C-terminus-binding peptides are screened by in silico protocols from the peptide library of FOXM1 (1-138aa) and confirmed by cellular experiments. The selected peptide is synthesized into its D-retro-inverso (DRI) form by fusing a TAT cell-penetrating sequence. Anti-cancer activities are evaluated in vitro and in vivo with tumor-grafted nude mice, spontaneous breast cancer mice, and wild-type metastasis-tracing mice. Anti-cancer mechanisms are analyzed. Distribution and safety profiles in mice are evaluated.

Results

With improved stability and cell inhibitory activity compared to the parent peptide, M1-21 binds to multiple regions of FOXM1 and interferes with protein-protein interactions between FOXM1 and its various known partner proteins, including PLK1, LIN9 and B-MYB of the MuvB complex, and β-catenin. Consequently, M1-21 inhibits FOXM1-related transcriptional activities and FOXM1-mediated nuclear importation of β-catenin and β-catenin transcriptional activities. M1-21 inhibits multiple types of cancer (20 µM in vitro or 30 mg/kg in vivo) by preventing proliferation, migration, and WNT signaling. Distribution and safety profiles of M1-21 are favorable (broad distribution and > 15 h stability in mice) and the tested non-severely toxic dose reaches 200 mg/kg in mice. M1-21 also has low hemolytic toxicity and immunogenicity in mice.

Conclusions

M1-21 is a promising interfering peptide targeting FOXM1 for the development of anti-cancer drugs.
Prognostic value of respiratory compliance course on mortality in COVID-19 patients with vv-ECMO
Authors: Valentin Simon , Amalric Mathieu , Granier Guillaume , Pequignot Benjamin , Guervilly Christophe , Duarte Kevin , Girerd Nicolas , Levy Bruno , Dunand Paul , Koszutski Matthieu , Roze Hadrien , Kimmoun Antoine
Published: June 2023

Background

COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) supported by veno-venous extra-corporal membrane oxygenation (vv-ECMO) results in a high in-hospital mortality rate of more than 35%. However, after cannulation, no prognostic factor has been described to guide the management of these patients. The objective was to assess the association between static respiratory compliance over the first 10 days post-vv-ECMO implantation on 180-day mortality.

Results

In this multicentric retrospective study in three ECMO referral centers, all patients with COVID-19-associated ARDS supported by vv-ECMO were included from 03/01/2020 to 12/31/2021. Patients were ventilated with ultra-protective settings targeting a driving pressure lower than 15 cmH2O. 122 patients were included. Median age was 59 IQR (52–64), 83 (68%) were male, with a median body mass index of 33 (28–37) kg/m2. Delay between first symptoms to vv-ECMO implantation was 16 (10–21) days. Six-month death was 48%. Over the first ten days, compliance increased in 180 day survivors [from 18 (12–25) to 20 (15–27) mL/cmH2O] compared to non-survivors [from 12 (9–20) to 10 (8–14) mL/cmH2O, p interaction < 0.0001]. A time varying multivariable Cox model found age, history of chronic lung disease, compliance from day one to day ten and sweep gas flow from day one to day ten as independent factors associated with 180-day mortality.

Conclusions

In COVID-19-associated ARDS, static respiratory compliance course over the first ten days post-vv-ECMO implantation is associated with 180-day mortality. This new information may provide crucial information on the patient's prognosis for intensivists.
Unit middleware for implementation of human–machine interconnection intelligent ecology construction
Authors: Zhang Hai-jun , Chen Ying-hui , Zhuo Hankui
Published: June 2023

General speech recognition models require large capacity and strong computing power. Based on small capacity and low computing power to realize speech analysis and semantic recognition is a research area with great challenges for constructing intelligent ecology of the Internet of Things. For this purpose, we set up the unit middleware for the implementation of human–machine interconnection, namely human–machine interaction based on phonetics and semantics control for constructing intelligent ecology of the Internet of Things. First, through calculation, theoretical derivation and verification we present a kind of novel deep hybrid intelligent algorithm, which has realized speech analysis and semantic recognition. Second, it is to establish unit middleware using the embedded chip as the core on the motherboard. Third, it is to develop the important auxiliary tools writer-burner and cross-compiler. Fourth, it is to prune procedures and system, download, burn and write the algorithms and codes into the unit middleware and cross-compile. Fifth, it is to expand the functions of the motherboard, provide more components and interfaces, for example including RFID(Radio Frequency Identification, RFID), ZigBee, Wi-Fi, GPRS(General Packet Radio Services, GPRS), RS-232 serial port, USB(Universal Serial Bus, USB) interfaces and so on. Sixth, we take advantage of algorithms, software and hardware to make machines "understand" human speech and "think" and "comprehend" human intentions so as to implement human–machine interconnection, which further structure the intelligent ecology of the Internet of Things. At last, the experimental results denote that the unit middleware have very good effect, fast recognition speed, high accuracy and good stability, consequently realizing the intelligent ecology construction of the Internet of Things.
Robotic resection of ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma in multiple endocrine neoplasia 1
Authors: Ohara Yuko , Kadomatsu Yuka , Kikumori Toyone , Chen-Yoshikawa Toyofumi F.
Published: June 2023

Background

Hyperparathyroidism in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 is attributed to the excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) from multiple parathyroid glands. This can be successfully treated through complete resection of the parathyroid glands; however, subsequent surgery is often required because of the presence of supernumerary or ectopic parathyroid glands. Therefore, identifying the locations of all functional glands is crucial for precise resection. Here, we report a case of ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma that was successfully resected using robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

Case presentation

A 53-year-old woman underwent a total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation for multiple endocrine neoplasia 1-associated primary hyperparathyroidism. The patient previously underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. She also presented with a mediastinal tumor and nonfunctional pituitary adenoma that could be followed up. Blood tests before total parathyroidectomy showed high levels of intact PTH (183 pg/mL) and calcium (Ca; 10.3 mg/dL); however, postoperative blood tests still revealed high levels of intact PTH (103 pg/mL) and Ca (11.4 mg/dL). Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 45-mm-sized mass in the right upper mediastinum as a well-defined solid and cystic lesion, whereas 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile scintigraphy indicated a strong accumulation of tracers, suggesting an ectopic lesion in the mediastinum. Persistent hyperparathyroidism after total parathyroidectomy via neck incision was attributed to an ectopic parathyroid tumor in the mediastinum. Thus, we decided to resect the tumor using robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery to perform the procedure gently and carefully. During surgery, a mediastinal tumor was identified as it was detected radiographically. Because it did not invade the surrounding tissues, it could be completely resected without injuring the capsule. The patient was discharged without complications. Postoperatively, Ca and intact PTH levels decreased back to normal. The final pathological diagnosis confirmed that the mass was an ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma.

Conclusions

Minimally invasive surgical resection of a remnant ectopic lesion was successfully performed in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 using robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
Gender differences in obstructive sleep apnea with comorbid treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Kasurak Emily , Hawken Emily , Kolar Dusan , Jokic Ruzica
Published: June 2023

Background

A bidirectional relationship between major depression and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been established, suggesting the possibility of overlapping and compounding disease processes. Depression, however, while more prevalent in women, is a highly heterogeneous disorder and can be difficult to treat regardless of gender. A common overlapping symptom of depression and OSA is fatigue. Gender differences in OSA symptomatology (and fatigue in particular) are also consistently observed. Here, we investigate OSA in specific relation to treatment-resistant depression.

Methods

A cross-sectional exploratory design was used to analyse data from 94 patients with treatment-resistant depression from a subspecialist mood disorders outpatient service who had no previous sleep assessment. Participants completed overnight polysomnography and a battery of rating scales assessing mood, sleep, and daytime functioning. Linear regression models determined whether presence of fatigue in treatment-resistant depression predicted OSA severity.

Results

There was a high prevalence (79%) of previously undiagnosed OSA in our sample of patients with treatment-resistant depression. Treatment-resistant depression was one factor to close the gap in obstructive sleep apnea prevalence between men and women in this group. Presence of OSA measured objectively by the Apnea Hypopnea Index was not associated with episode state (depressed vs. euthymic). Daytime sleepiness scores as measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale indicated higher than normal daytime sleepiness with no difference between genders. Men and women in our study reported similar amounts of fatigue as measured by the Profile of Mood States-Fatigue Subscale, however, daytime fatigue (but not sleepiness) predicted OSA severity in women only.

Conclusions

We argue that typical symptoms of treatment-resistant depression may overshadow key symptoms of undetected OSA. Specifically, we found that daytime fatigue may be one factor masking a potentially significant underlying sleep disorder in women only. Comprehensive assessment and screening for sleep apnea in patients with treatment-resistant depression is encouraged, and the importance of investigating severity of fatigue in this population is emphasized.
Remote collection of electrophysiological data with brain wearables: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Sugden Richard James , Pham-Kim-Nghiem-Phu Viet-Linh Luke , Campbell Ingrid , Leon Alberto , Diamandis Phedias
Published: June 2023

Collection of electroencephalographic (EEG) data provides an opportunity to non-invasively study human brain plasticity, learning and the evolution of various neuropsychiatric disorders. Traditionally, due to sophisticated hardware, EEG studies have been largely limited to research centers which restrict both testing contexts and repeated longitudinal measures. The emergence of low-cost “wearable” EEG devices now provides the prospect of frequent and remote monitoring of the human brain for a variety of physiological and pathological brain states. In this manuscript, we survey evidence that EEG wearables provide high-quality data and review various software used for remote data collection. We then discuss the growing body of evidence supporting the feasibility of remote and longitudinal EEG data collection using wearables including a discussion of potential biomedical applications of these protocols. Lastly, we discuss some additional challenges needed for EEG wearable research to gain further widespread adoption.
Association of Body Mass Index and Its Change With Incident Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ohno Ryusei , Kaneko Hidehiro , Ueno Kensuke , Aoki Hiroyuki , Okada Akira , Kamiya Kentaro , Suzuki Yuta , Matsuoka Satoshi , Fujiu Katsuhito , Takeda Norifumi , Jo Taisuke , Ako Junya , Morita Hiroyuki , Node Koichi , Yasunaga Hideo , Komuro Issei
Published: June 2023

Context

There have been insufficient data on the threshold of body mass index (BMI) for developing diabetes mellitus (DM) and the relationship between change in BMI and the subsequent risk of DM.

Objective

We sought to clarify the association of BMI and its change with incident DM.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study using the JMDC Claims Database between 2005 and 2021. We included 3 400 303 individuals without a prior history of DM or usage of glucose-lowering medications. The median age was 44 years, and 57.5% were men. We categorized the study participants into 4 groups: underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2), and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). According to the change in BMI from the initial health check-up to the health check-up 1 year after that, we divided the study participants into 3 groups: ≤−5.0%, −5.0% to +5.0%, and ≥+5.0%.

Results

The risk of developing DM increased steeply after BMI exceeded approximately 20 to 21 kg/m2. Compared with participants with stable BMI (−5.0% to +5.0%), the relative risk for DM among those whose BMI had increased by 5.0% or more was 1.33 (95% CI 1.31-1.36). In contrast, the relative risk for DM among those whose BMI decreased by 5.0% or more was 0.82 (95% CI 0.80-0.84). Moreover, people classified as normal weight, overweight, and obese reduced the risk of developing DM when they reduced their BMI, whereas the risk of developing DM for people classified as underweight increased when they reduced their BMI.

Conclusion

Our findings offer novel insights into improving an optimal bodyweight management strategy to prevent the development of DM.
Neurologic Complications of Endocrine Disorders
Authors: Reda Haatem
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE

This article provides an overview of the neurologic complications of the most prevalent endocrine disorders in adults with an emphasis on relevant neurologic symptoms, signs, and laboratory and neuroimaging findings.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS

Although the mechanisms of many of the neurologic complications discussed here remain unclear, our understanding of the impacts of diabetes and hypothyroidism on the nervous system and muscle, including complications of rapid correction of chronic hyperglycemia, has advanced in recent years. Recent large studies have not demonstrated a convincing association between subclinical or overt hypothyroidism and cognitive decline.

ESSENTIAL POINTS

Neurologists must become familiar with the neurologic complications of endocrine disorders not only because they are common and treatable (and often reversible) but also because they may be iatrogenic, as is the case with adrenal insufficiency in the setting of long-term corticosteroid therapy.
Fragments of an Indian Ocean Life: Aristide Corroller between Islands and Empires
Authors: Larson Pier M.
Published: June 2023

Born on Ile de France in late 1799 to a French father and a free mixed-race mother from Fort-Dauphin in southeast Madagascar, Aristide Corroller gained an education at Port-Louis but departed to pursue a political career in Madagascar after 1815. Corroller first assisted his maternal uncles to capture the sovereignty of Madagascar's central eastern coast (Ivondro-Tamatave-Foulpointe) but then entered the service of King Radama of Imerina. He rose through the ranks of Radama's service to become commander-in-chief of Antananarivo's armed forces and the second most powerful man of that independent kingdom. His fortunes soured with the death of Radama in July 1828, however. He was placed under house arrest for a time and then returned to govern Tamatave but died there with frustrated ambitions in late 1835, leaving a written account of his achievements on which this article is substantially based. This article employs Corroller's writings found in a library in New Zealand not only to trace his career but to discuss the strategies of his island-hopping family—particularly his maternal ancestors from Madagascar who moved to Ile de France and his maternal uncles who returned to Madagascar—and the careers of European administrators of empire who collected and pored over his work. Corroller's career, mixed-race family, and labors illuminate the contours of life in the western Indian Ocean islands of his time, bringing their migrations, commerce, colonial constraints and opportunities, as well as human interconnections and racial structures, into conversation.
Earlier Tracheostomy Reduces Complications in Complete Cervical Spinal Cord Injury in Real-World Practice: Analysis of a Multicenter Cohort of 2001 Patients
Authors: Balas Michael , Jaja Blessing N. R. , Harrington Erin M. , Jack Andrew S. , Hofereiter Johann , Malhotra Armaan K. , Jaffe Rachael H. , He Yingshi , Byrne James P. , Wilson Jefferson R. , Witiw Christopher D.
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

It is believed that early tracheostomy in patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) may lessen the risk of developing complications and reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation and critical care stay. This study aims to assess whether early tracheostomy is beneficial in patients with traumatic cervical SCI.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program database from 2010 to 2018. Adult patients with a diagnosis of acute complete (ASIA A) traumatic cervical SCI who underwent surgery and tracheostomy were included. Patients were stratified into those receiving early (at or before 7 days) and delayed tracheostomy. Propensity score matching was used to assess the association between delayed tracheostomy and the risk of in-hospital adverse events. Risk-adjusted variability in tracheostomy timing across trauma centers was investigated using mixed-effects regression.

RESULTS:

The study included 2001 patients from 374 North American trauma centers. The median time to tracheostomy was 9.2 days (IQR: 6.1-13.1 days), with 654 patients (32.7%) undergoing early tracheostomy. After matching, the odds of a major complication were significantly lower for early tracheostomy patients (OR: .90; 95% CI: .88-.98). Patients were also significantly less likely to experience an immobility-related complication (OR: .90; 95% CI: .88-.98). Patients in the early group spent 8.2 fewer days in the critical care unit (95% CI: −10.2 to −6.61) and 6.7 fewer days ventilated (95% CI: −9.44 to −5.23). There was significant variability in tracheostomy timeliness between trauma centers with a median odds ratio of 12.2 (95% CI: 9.7-13.7), which was not explained by case-mix and hospital-level characteristics.

CONCLUSION:

A 7-day threshold to implement tracheostomy seems to be associated with reduced in-hospital complications, time in the critical care unit, and time on mechanical ventilation.
Ventricular fold oscillations lower the vocal pitch in rhesus macaques
Authors: Miyazaki Rintaro , Yoshitani Tomoki , Kanaya Mayuka , Miyachi Shigehiro , Kaneko Akihisa , Kinoshita Yuki , Nakamura Kanta , Nishimura Takeshi , Tokuda Isao T.
Published: June 2023

We carried out ex vivo and in vivo experiments to explore the functional role of the ventricular folds in sound production in macaques. In the ex vivo experiments, 29 recordings out of 67 showed that the ventricular folds co-oscillated with the vocal folds. Transitions from normal vocal fold oscillations to vocal–ventricular fold co-oscillations as well as chaotic irregular oscillations were also observed. The in vivo experiments indicated that the vocal–ventricular fold co-oscillations were also observed in two macaque individuals. In both ex vivo and in vivo experiments, the vocal–ventricular fold co-oscillations significantly lowered the fundamental frequency. A mathematical model revealed that the lowering of the fundamental frequency was caused by a low oscillation frequency inherent in the ventricular folds, which entrained the vocal folds to their low-frequency oscillations. From a physiological standpoint, the macaques may utilize the ventricular fold oscillations more frequently than humans. The advantages as well as disadvantages of using the ventricular folds as an additional vocal repertory are discussed.
Analysis of respiratory complications occasioned by the coronavirus (COVID-19): a systematic review
Authors: Gouveia Guilherme Pertinni de Morais , Cunha Samira Veras , Da Silva Rosangela Lago
Published: June 2023

Aim: To describe and analyze the main disorders in the respiratory system, in individuals with confirmed cases of COVID - 19 reported in the scientific literature. Methods: Systematic literature review, based on the flowchart of the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes” (PRISMA), including primary quantitative experimental or quasi-experimental studies, freely accessible articles, available in Portuguese, English, Spanish and published from 2019 to 2020, using the PICOS strategy. 8,543 articles during March and April 2020, through the Lilacs, Scielo, Pubmed, MedLine, PeDro, Cochrane, Science direct and Google academic databases and of these, the Start tool (State-of-the-Art through Systematic Review) managed 94 studies. Results: Studies showed that most individuals had admission with signs and symptoms of fever, dry cough, difficulty breathing, expectoration, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and rare myalgia. reaching from children to the elderly and had some previous comorbidities. Conclusion: This review identified the emphatic onset of the disease since symptoms and respiratory complications appear between 3 and 14 days.
Qualitative interviews to understand methods and systems used to collect ethnicity information in health administrative data sources in England
Authors: Quayle Gemma , Jones Bethan , Atkins Jessica , Shannon Caitriona , Smith Roxanne , Tabor David , Bałabuch Zuzanna , Cox Courtney , Horsell Sarah , John Marie , McGrail White Tomas , Vickers Sophie , Whittinger Sophia , Bannister Neil , Raleigh Veena , Mateen Bilal , Drummond Rosemary
Published: June 2023

Background: This article is one of a series aiming to inform analytical methods to improve comparability of estimates of ethnic health disparities based on different sources. This article explores the quality of ethnicity data and identifies potential sources of bias when ethnicity information is collected in three key NHS data sources. Future research can build on these findings to explore analytical methods to mitigate biases.

Methods: Thematic analysis of semi-structured qualitative interviews to explore potential sources of error and bias in the process of collecting ethnicity information across three NHS data sources: General Practice Extraction Service (GPES) Data for Pandemic Planning and Research (GDPPR), Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT). The study included feedback from 22 experts working on different aspects of health admin data collection for England (including staff from NHS Digital, IT system suppliers and relevant healthcare service providers).

Results: Potential sources of error and bias were identified across data collection, data processing and quality assurance processes. Similar issues were identified for all three sources. Our analysis revealed three main themes which can result in bias and inaccuracies in ethnicity data recorded: data infrastructure challenges, human challenges, and institutional challenges.

Conclusions: Findings highlighted that analysts using health admin data should be aware of the main sources of potential error and bias in health admin data, and be mindful that the main sources of error identified are more likely to affect the ethnicity data for ethnic minority groups. Where possible, analysts should describe and seek to account for this bias in their research.
Fractures in sub-Saharan Africa: epidemiology, economic impact and ethnography (Fractures-E3): study protocol
Authors: Burton Anya , Drew Sarah , Cassim Bilkish , Jarjou Landing M. , Gooberman-Hill Rachael , Noble Sian , Mafirakureva Nyashadzaishe , Graham Simon Matthew , Grundy Christopher , Hawley Samuel , Wilson Hannah , Manyanga Tadios , Marenah Kebba , Trawally Bintou , Masters James , Mushayavanhu Prudance , Ndekwere Munyardardzi , Paruk Farhanah , Lukhele Mkhululi , Costa Matthew , Ferrand Rashida A. , Ward Kate A. , Gregson Celia L.
Published: June 2023

Background: The population of older adults is growing in sub-Saharan Africa. Ageing exponentially increases fragility fracture risk. Of all global regions, Africa is projected to observe the greatest increase in fragility fractures. Fractures cause pain, disability and sometimes death, and management is expensive, often requiring complex healthcare delivery. For countries to plan future healthcare services, understanding is needed of fracture epidemiology, associated health service costs and the currently available healthcare resources.

Methods: The Fractures-E3 5-year mixed-methods research programme will investigate the epidemiology, economic impact, and treatment provision for fracture and wider musculoskeletal health in The Gambia, South Africa and Zimbabwe. These three countries are diverse in their geography, degree of urbanisation, maturity of health service infrastructure, and health profiles. The programme comprises five study types: (i) population-based cross-sectional studies to determine vertebral fracture prevalence. Secondary outcomes will include osteoarthritis and sarcopenia. Age- and sex-stratified household sampling will recruit 5030 adults aged 40 years and older; (ii) prospective cohort studies in adults aged 40 years and older will determine hip fracture incidence, associated risk factors, and outcomes over one year (e.g. mortality, disability, health-related quality of life); (iii) economic studies of direct health costs of hip fracture with projection modelling of future national health costs and cost-effectiveness analyses of different hip fracture care pathways; (iv) national surveys of hip fracture services (including traditional bonesetters in The Gambia); and (v) ethnographic studies of hip fracture care provision and experiences will understand fracture service pathways.

Conclusions: Greater understanding of current and expected fracture burdens, fracture risk factors, and existing fracture care provision, is intended to inform national clinical guidelines, health service policy and planning and future health service development in sub-Saharan Africa.
Estimating disease burden using national linked electronic health records: a study using an English population-based cohort.
Authors: Aldridge Robert W. , Evans Hannah E. R. , Yavlinsky Alexei , Moayyeri Alireza , Bhaskaran Krishnan , Mathur Rohini , Jordan Kelvin P. , Croft Peter , Denaxas Spiros , Shah Anoop D. , Blackburn Ruth M. , Moller Henrik , Ng Edmond S. W. , Hughes Andrew , Fox Sebastian , Flowers Julian , Schmidt Jurgen , Hayward Andrew , Gilbert Ruth , Smeeth Liam , Hemingway Harry
Published: June 2023

Background: Electronic health records (EHRs) have the potential to be used to produce detailed disease burden estimates. In this study we created disease estimates using national EHR for three high burden conditions, compared estimates between linked and unlinked datasets and produced stratified estimates by age, sex, ethnicity, socio-economic deprivation and geographical region.    

Methods: EHRs containing primary care (Clinical Practice Research Datalink), secondary care (Hospital Episode Statistics) and mortality records (Office for National Statistics) were used. We used existing disease phenotyping algorithms to identify cases of cancer (breast, lung, colorectal and prostate), type 1 and 2 diabetes, and lower back pain. We calculated age-standardised incidence of first cancer, point prevalence for diabetes, and primary care consultation prevalence for low back pain.

Results: 7.2 million people contributing 45.3 million person-years of active follow-up between 2000-2014 were included. CPRD-HES combined and CPRD-HES-ONS combined lung and bowel cancer incidence estimates by sex were similar to cancer registry estimates. Linked CPRD-HES estimates for combined Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes were consistently higher than those of CPRD alone, with the difference steadily increasing over time from 0.26% (2.99% for CPRD-HES vs. 2.73 for CPRD) in 2002 to 0.58% (6.17% vs. 5.59) in 2013. Low back pain prevalence was highest in the most deprived quintile and when compared to the least deprived quintile the difference in prevalence increased over time between 2000 and 2013, with the largest difference of 27% (558.70 per 10,000 people vs 438.20) in 2013.

Conclusions: We use national EHRs to produce estimates of burden of disease to produce detailed estimates by deprivation, ethnicity and geographical region. National EHRs have the potential to improve disease burden estimates at a local and global level and may serve as more automated, timely and precise inputs for policy making and global burden of disease estimation.
An outline of savant syndrome
Authors: Rudziński Gracjan , Pożarowska Kinga , Brzuszkiewicz Kinga , Soroka Ewelina
Published: June 2023

Od lat trwają badania nad zespołem sawanta, których celem jest ustalenie podłoża neurologicznego oraz anatomicznego tego niezwykłego fenomenu. W artykule dokonano przeglądu badań dotyczących zespołu sawanta z lat 2000-2022 - dostępnych w bazach PubMed, ResearchGate i Google Scholar.
Zespół sawanta występuje z częstością 1,4 na 1000 osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną i u 10% osób z diagnozą zaburzeń ze spektrum autyzmu. Autyzm jest zaburzeniem, które najczęściej współwystępuje z zespołem sawanta – u około 50% wszystkich osób z diagnozą zespołu sawanta. Badacze wyróżniają: wrodzony zespół sawanta który – dotyczy około 90% osób z tym zespołem i nabyty zespół sawanta, który występuje w przebiegu otępienia czołowo-skroniowego lub u osób, które doświadczyły urazu ośrodkowego układu nerwowego. Istnieje wiele teorii kognitywnych, które tłumaczą zdolności sawantów. Nie odkryto anatomicznego podłoża tej jednostki przy użyciu technik neuroobrazowania. Nie stworzono jak dotąd jednolitej teorii, która rzetelnie wyjaśniałaby etiologię i patomechanizm zespołu sawanta. Dotychczasowe badania neuroobrazowe osób z objawami zespołu sawanta były przeprowadzone na zbyt małej liczbie badanych. Istnieją przesłanki ku temu by sadzić, że stymulacja magnetyczna mózgu może przyczynić się do lepszego zrozumienia neurofizjologicznych podstaw tego zespołu.
CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONCEITO DE FRAÇÃO SOB A PERSPECTIVA DE MEDIÇÃO: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO 4A INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL
Authors: Do Nascimento Amaral Camila Augusta , Veiga Ferreira de Souza Maria Alice , Belford Powell Arthur
Published: June 2023

Pesquisas revelam que o entendimento robusto das frações molda o desempenho futuro da matemática dos alunos e que seu conhecimento pode depender de como é ensinada. Os pesquisadores relatam que o ensino de frações por uma perspectiva de medição pode promover o entendimento conceitual dos alunos. Investigamos essa hipótese com alunos brasileiros do ensino fundamental pela abordagem pedagógica 4A Instrucional Model. Os resultados revelam que os alunos demonstraram conhecimento conceitual sobre a comparação de magnitude de frações e a construção da equivalência de frações. Eles foram capazes de evocar imagens mentais desse conteúdo e escrever expressões matemáticas envolvendo as comparações. Mais pesquisas são necessárias para investigar como a perspectiva de medição ensinada pelo 4A Instrucional Model influencia a compreensão dos alunos sobre as operações aritméticas de fração.
Pantera Negra e Zumbi dos Palmares: possibilidades de usos fílmicos no ensino de História
Authors: Silva Augusto César Acioly Paz , Melo George Manoel Farias de
Published: June 2023

Este artigo tem como finalidade observar as possibilidades que os personagens Pantera Negra e Zumbi dos Palmares desfrutam para serem utilizados para pensarmos a História da população afro e dos povos escravizados. Procurando, para tanto, situar cada um destes personagens e pensá-los enquanto recursos que, através das suas representações e histórias, sejam possíveis realizar mediações entre História e Ensino. A escolha na utilização de um personagem fictício e outro real deu-se pelo fato de que, em alguma medida, ambos encarnam a imagem do guerreiro, elemento que colabora para possíveis relações ao mesmo tempo em que procuramos explorar as potencialidades de cada um deles e os seus usos na área de ensino de História.
A Nova República contada nos livros didáticos de História
Authors: Sarraff Luiza Rafaela Bezerra
Published: June 2023

Ao longo dos últimos anos no campo do Ensino de História no Brasil, os livros didáticos se tornaram importantes instrumentos de análise por serem considerados objetos culturais complexos e como suportes privilegiados que condensam a narrativa histórica. Neste sentido, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as narrativas didáticas sobre a Nova República brasileira presente em cinco coleções aprovadas pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático do ano de 2018. Para a construção analítica de tais narrativas mobilizaremos o referencial teórico de Reinhart Koselleck. O trabalho deste autor forma um denso arcabouço teórico que nos ajudará a compreender a forma de tratamento e operacionalização dos tempos históricos, entendidos em sua particularidade, nas narrativas histórico-escolares.
Sonhos, temporalidades e universidade: experiências para o futuro
Authors: Rodrigues Thamara De Oliveira
Published: June 2023

Este ensaio problematiza as reflexões sobre o futuro no mundo contemporâneo que o aborda unilateralmente a partir de sua “redução”, “estagnação” e “ameaça”. Argumentamos que a tematização do futuro resumida à sua “impossibilidade” possui consequências ontológicas, epistemológicas, ético-políticas e afetivas perigosas para o âmbito intelectual e cotidiano, pois alimenta a sensação de que não há como atravessar os desafios do mundo contemporâneo, negando assim o caráter de mobilização da experiência histórica. Essa problematização é conduzida no ensaio por meio do relato de uma experiência de sala de aula ligada ao ensino de Teoria da História. A experiência lançou mão dos sonhos (experiências oníricas) dos estudantes como um caminho possível para reconduzir/reconstruir a nossa relação com o real e com o futuro na universidade. Argumentamos também, com base na experiência relatada, que o exercício de registro, tematização teórica e o compartilhamento dos sonhos em comunidade permite uma percepção mais alargada dos desafios da temporalidade contemporânea, bem como a construção de outros mundos possíveis.
Cultura digital e competência narrativa nas humanidades: os arquivos como redes e as redes como arquivos no trabalho escolar
Authors: Sousa Francisco Gouvea de , Moerbeck Guilherme Gomes
Published: June 2023

Esse artigo parte de reflexões teóricas para chegar a proposições de caráter prático, em particular aquelas relacionadas ao ensino da disciplina História. Duas inquietações mobilizam-nos na escrita desse artigo: 1) como é possível mediar o aprendizado discente no desenvolvimento de competências narrativas utilizando-se do universo digital? 2) De que maneiras, e aqui evidenciamos apenas algumas delas, as formas de do conhecimento histórico em ambiente digital se configuram? Por fim, as reflexões aqui contidas, que transitam francamente entre a teoria e ensino da História, pretendem fazer refletir criticamente sobre a organização do letramento histórico e a dinâmica qualitativa dos espaços das redes. Igualmente, pretende-se compreender como os espaços digitais se transformam em lugares de disputas de estruturas narrativas e de autoridade da configuração do conhecimento histórico.
Teoria e ensino de história: temporalidade, pós-verdade e democratização
Authors: Silva Daniel Pinha , Rangel Marcelo De Mello
Published: June 2023

O artigo aproxima teoria e ensino de história tendo em vista o enfrentamento de dois problemas que afetam tanto o debate teórico sobre a história quanto as aulas de história na contemporaneidade. O primeiro é o problema da temporalidade enquanto ferramenta analítica de compreensão das articulações entre passado-presente-futuro das sociedades no tempo e, em particular, da experiência social do tempo no tempo presente, marcada pelo atualismo. O segundo é o problema da pós-verdade enquanto comportamento epistemológico que consagra a repetição do mesmo e a ratificação de um sistema de crenças previamente reconhecido, reanimando com novos traços a discussão sobre a verdade em história. Por fim, articulamos um e outro ao desafio da instrumentalização da história para a democratização por meio da verdade poética, centrada em afetos como a empatia e o cuidado e em valores democráticos como a descentralização das vozes, valorização da escuta e do primado da diferença. Além do repertório conceitual contido no debate consagrado sobre temporalidade e pós-verdade, trouxemos para interlocução as reflexões e experiências docentes de três professores-autores em suas dissertações produzidas no âmbito do Mestrado Profissional em História (ProfHistória).
Perioperative risk assessment
Authors: James Katherine
Published: June 2023

Perioperative risk assessment refers to estimating a patient's risk of adverse outcomes in the perioperative period.
School-Based Management Perspectives: Exploring Top-down Policy Execution at the Grassroots Level
Authors: Dones Miguel D. Jr. , Estremera Michael L. , Deuda Ma. Jean D.
Published: June 2023

The highlighted local and international perspectives of school-based management (SBM) offer logical findings on its efficacy at the grassroots level. Despite some hindering factors, its impact along leadership and governance, curriculum and learning, accountability and continuous improvement, and resource management are commendable. After methodical scrutiny of data, this paper concludes that the improvements in schools triggered by SBM are responsiveness to the needs and challenges of schools; contextualization of curriculum; improvement of physical facilities and linkages; and stakeholders’ awareness and involvement to school’s programs, projects and activities (PPAs). Principals likewise implemented SBM in their respective schools by holding SBM planning with its stakeholders. In fact, the different programs and projects implemented in schools include SBM crafting and planning; implementation, monitoring, and documentation of student learning activities; and clean-up drive and transparency board installation. Researchers, therefore, recommend that responsiveness of SBM to the needs and challenges of schools; contextualization of curriculum; improvement of physical facilities and linkages; and stakeholders’ awareness and involvement to school PPA be extensively maximized. Eventually, sound partnerships between schools and external stakeholders be cultivated.
Helping Teacher Leadership Teams: Enhancing Teaming by Focusing Knowledge Integration
Authors: Choi Hyunjin , Drago-Severson Eleanor
Published: June 2023

Teacher Leadership Teams (TLTs) are cross-functional teams, and thus knowledge integration is central to their teaming. Importantly, the existing literature maintains that cross-functional teams apply the traverse or transcend approach differently to integrate divergent knowledge, but few studies have directly focused on it within the context of TLTs. Studies on leadership teams in schools have highlighted political and/or cultural perspectives and mainly stressed team/organizational conditions that might influence the TLT process of using two knowledge integration approaches. Therefore, our research analyzed how one TLT employed two knowledge integration approaches in consideration of team/organizational conditions. More specifically, we conducted qualitative research using the Cultural-Historical Activity Theory as an analytic lens. We identified that the TLT used traverse, transcend, and mixed approaches, and that its context influenced the team’s hybrid use by determining when the team utilized each approach. We believe that our findings contribute to revealing TLTs’ actual knowledge integration process by empirically examining one TLT’s use of knowledge integration approaches. Our findings also contribute to developing a more comprehensive framework to understand TLT knowledge integration by addressing existing research from political and cultural perspectives and suggesting further areas of focus (i.e., functional conditions) for future research.
Graphene Oxide Composites as Environmentally-Friendly Enzyme Inhibitors
Authors: Biazar Seyed Mostafa , Bavandpour Ali Karimi
Published: June 2023

This work presents a concise approach to synthesizing water-soluble and homogeneous nanocomposites of "graphene oxide/phosphoramide ligands" (GO/L) without the need for additional reducing agents. These nanocomposites have the potential to exhibit enhanced biological applications, such as antifungal, enzyme immobilization and antibacterial activities, compared to bare graphene oxide (GO) and phosphoramides. This research delves into the detailed investigation of three GO-based membranes, where GO serves as substrate for phosphoramide ligands. It has been demonstrated that these membranes possess wider interlayer D-spacing compared to GO. The compounds were characterized using various analytical techniques, including IR and NMR spectroscopy, AFM, XRD analysis, and UV-visible spectroscopy. Furthermore, this study delved into the mechanisms underlying the immobilization of Acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) by GO and its newly synthesized derivatives. The results obtained from this study demonstrated that the GO/L films possessed enhanced biological activity compared to both phosphoramide ligands and bare GO alone. The objective of this research was to develop simple and efficient methods for synthesizing potent compounds that can find applications in various biological fields. Notably, these compounds offer advantages in terms of their environmental friendliness, cost-effectiveness, and time efficiency. The findings of this investigation contribute to a deeper understanding of GO-based membranes and open possibilities for rational design in diverse areas such as drug development and food industry.
Effects of Vegetation Structure on Ant Diversity in Different Seasonal Periods in Impacted Fragments of Atlantic Forest
Authors: Sampaio Raquel Cetto , Laviski Bianca Ferreira da Silva , Coelho Renata Cristina de Souza , Queiroz Jarbas Marçal de
Published: June 2023

The destruction of forest habitats generates extremely fragmented areas and changes in vegetation structure. That changes the characteristics of microhabitats and the availability of resources and affects the diversity of animal species such as ants, which are a large group with an important ecological role. As ants forage on trees and shrubs, the vegetation structure can affect the presence of these organisms. Abiotic factors such as seasonality can also influence the diversity of the ant community. Based on that, this study aimed to investigate the distribution of the diversity of ant species that forage on plants in different seasonal periods. The study was carried out in eight secondary forest fragments of the Atlantic Forest. We used additive partitioning of diversity, partitioning of β diversity and canonical correspondence analysis to measure the effect of seasonality and vegetation structure on the distribution of ant species diversity. The rainy season positively influences the diversity of ants that forage on plants. Composition was affected by shrub leaf density in the rainy season and by tree circumference in the dry. Each fragment preserved a different pool of ant species, and the vegetation structure positively influenced ant diversity. These results highlight the importance of conserving the majority of forest fragments to better preserve the pool of ant species regionally.
Listening to the Sound of Light to Guide Surgeries
Authors: Lediju Bell Muyinatu A.
Published: June 2023

This invited contribution describes multiple innovative opportunities for pho-toacoustic image guidance of surgeries and interventions.
Digital calibration method enables depth-resolved all-fiber polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography with an arbitrary input polarization state
Authors: Tang Peijun , Wang Ruikang K.
Published: June 2023

We report a fully integrated all fiber-based polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PSOCT) system, allowing depth-resolved and polarization mode dispersion free PSOCT images with single arbitrary input polarization state.
Non-Invasive multimodal spectroscopic Diagnosis for Early-Stage Oral Cancer
Authors: Maryam Siddra , Ghauri Daniyal , Sekar Sanathana Konugolu Venkata , Fahy Edward , Nogueira Marcelo Saito , Lu Huihui , Beffara Flavien , Humbert Georges , Burke Ray , Feeley Linda , Sheahan Patrick , Riordain Richeal Ni , Andersson-Engels Stefan , Kho Kiang Wei , Gautam Rekha
Published: June 2023

This study aims to develop a multimodal scheme for diagnosing oral cancer non-invasively in its early stages and to assess the performance of an integrated diagnostic platform comprising of Raman and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy systems.
Photonic Nanojets for Scanning Skin Malignancies
Authors: Ozek Ekin Asim , Umar Muhammad , Abdul Basit , Shafaghi Ali Hosseinpour , Yapici Murat Kaya
Published: June 2023

Using Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations, we demonstrate the effectiveness of a photonic nanojet emerging from an SiO2 sphere semi-immersed in SU-8 material under 365 nm plane wave illumination for scanning skin malignancies.
Digital Labeling of the Vasculature: Toward Label-Free and Labor-Free Vessel Segmentation
Authors: Lapierre-Landry Maryse , Liu Yehe , Bayat Mahdi , Wilson David L. , Jenkins Michael W.
Published: June 2023

We propose digital labeling, a method for automated, three-dimensional segmentation of blood vessels without vascular contrast agents. Our deep learning approach greatly simplifies the sample preparation required for 3D microscopy and accelerate image post-processing.
Design of a compact full-field optical coherence tomography for in-vivo high-resolution retinal imaging over a wide field of view
Authors: Cai Yao , Bertrand Maxime , Paques Michel , Grieve Kate , Mecê Pedro
Published: June 2023

We present the design and the latest results of a compact, clinical-adapted full-field OCT retinal imaging system that enables high resolution (2 µm × 2 µm × 8 µm), high-acquisition rate (500 en-face images per second), and a wide field of view (5° × 5°).
In vivo optoretinography realized by raster-scan SS-OCT: A feasibility study
Authors: Shi Yaping , zhang Duo , Wang Ruikang
Published: June 2023

we proposed a method to visualize light-evoked retinal response using swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). The framework here demonstrates the potential that a raster scanning SS-OCT may be feasible to measure the optoretinography response in the retina.
Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) for dermatology
Authors: Dubois Arnaud
Published: June 2023

LC-OCT is an optical technique that provides three-dimensional images of the skin, in vivo, with cellular resolution (1 μm). LC-OCT can be used in dermatology for non-invasive diagnosis and study of various lesions including cancers.
A Platform for Single Cell Optogenetics to Study Synaptic Engrams in Vitro
Authors: Zaccaria Clara , Malkoç Asiye , Vignoli Beatrice , Canossa Marco , Pavesi Lorenzo
Published: June 2023

Memory relies on the firing of simultaneously activated neurons (engram), whose synapses are strengthened by long-term potentiation mechanisms. Optogenetic tools and a fluorescence probe to map synaptic engrams, were combined with a digital light processor device (DLP), to create in-vitro engrams and study populations of potentiated spines.