bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Design Concepts at High Frequency Hammer Peened Welded Ultra High Strength Steels
Authors: Berg Jörn , Stranghöner Natalie
Published: December 2014

Within fatigue tests carried out at the Institute for Metal and Lightweight Structures of the University of Duisburg-Essen, the influence of the post weld treatment method high frequency hammer peening (HFHP) on the fatigue strength of welded ultra high strength steels (UHSS) S960, S1100 and S1300 has been determined. The test results of the HFHP-treated specimens showed a significant improvement of the fatigue strength with an increase of the slope of the S-N-line to approximately m ~ 5 compared to the as welded condition. Up to now, fatigue design rules and recommendations for welded and HFHP-treated joints are limited to maximum steel grades of S960 and plate thicknesses of at least 5 mm. Within this contribution, the application of the structural hot spot stress and effective notch stress design concept to as welded and HFHP-treated weld toes of UHSS with rather lower plate thicknesses has been approved using numerical finite element analysis.
WG 1 Glass Structures - guidelines for application of structural glass
Authors: Siebert Geralt
Published: December 2014

Working Group 1 “Glass Structures” was founded in 2007. The relevance of the topic is proved by publication of SED, European research and standardization activities. In future WG1 is planning to publish a guideline for the application of structural used glass elements, bringing together different design recommendations worldwide. A short overview about applications and by this possible structure of such a guideline is given in this paper and more extensive in the presentation. As an example DIN 18008 as a code covering most aspects for structural design of glass structures is named and a short outlook to Eurocode 10 for glass structures is given.
Tappan Zee Hudson River Crossing: The New NY Bridge Project
Authors: Rosignoli Marco
Published: December 2014

The Tappan Zee Hudson River Crossing – the New NY Bridge Project – is a great example of how the design-build method of project delivery can lead to innovative and cost-effective design solutions. The design-build team worked together during the bid phase to develop the design of an iconic bridge for the New York area that is cost-effective to build, operate and maintain. The bridge has been designed to provide a 100-year service life prior to major maintenance.
New Alternative Solutions for Pelješac Bridge in Croatia
Authors: Radić Jure , Šavor Zlatko , Pipenbaher Marjan , Hrelja Kovačević Gordana
Published: December 2014

A fixed link between all parts of Croatian territory will be established after completion of the Mainland–Pelješac Peninsula Bridge over a navigable sea strait, with minimum required navigation clearance of 200x55m. The bridge is located in the high-activity seismic zone with design ground accelerationag=0,41g, strong winds and extremely adverse foundation soil conditions. The original main design of the bridge was completed and building permit was obtained. The construction of the bridge began in 2007, but it was slowed down and finally stopped in 2012 due to financial problems. Two alternative bridge solutions were proposed in the new preliminary design, a continuous steel beam bridge and a multi-span extradosed semi-integral bridge with hybrid deck. After a short account of the original bridge design, both preliminary designs are described in the paper. The

multi-span extradosed semi-integral bridge with hybrid deck was chosen for further design.
Realization of Sava River Crossing with its Approach Bridges as First Section of Belgrade Inner City Semi-Ring Road
Authors: Stipanic Bratislav , Floric Zoran
Published: December 2014

The paper deals with the realization of Sava River Crossing with its approach bridges as first section of Belgrade Inner City Semi-Ring Road (ICSRR). The Sava River Crossing, as the first section of the Project named Belgrade Inner City Semi-Ring Road (ICSSR with overall length of 17,5 km), consists of the main bridge across Sava River and so-called South Approach Roads (SAR) and North Approach Roads (NAR). The Ada Bridge carries 6 lanes of vehicular traffic, 2 rail tracks for LRT (future Belgrade metro BGM) and 2 lanes of pedestrian/cycle-way. The bridge has total length of 967 m and 43500 m² bridge deck area. SAR contains altogether 22 bridges (viaducts and ramps) with overall length of 3350 m and 36700 m² bridge deck area. NAR contains altogether 19 bridges (viaducts and ramps) with overall length of 2830 m and 36300 m² bridge deck area. The new Sava River Crossing with its approach bridges is a major infrastructure project realized in Belgrade last years that significantly effects to the reduction of traffic jams of vehicular traffic in the city. Sava River crossing with its approach bridges was completed for roadway traffic by start 2014.
An application of the FRP girder bridge technology to cope with logistic difficulties
Authors: Jiménez Vicaria José David , Fernandez Diaz Daniel , Paulotto Carlo , Bansal Anurag
Published: December 2014

In the year 2013, Acciona Infraestructuras, a Spanish contractor, designed and manufactured a Fibre Reinforced Plastic (FRP) road bridge which is expected to be installed in Gabon in 2014. The bridge girders, originally designed in steel reinforced concrete, were redesigned employing FRPs to take advantage of the lightweight of these materials and the high prefabrication inherent with their use. In fact, concrete, which must be mixed in situ due to the unavailability of concrete plants at a reasonable distance from the worksite, results to be expensive, since the transportation of the aggregates to the worksite is made difficult by the lack of proper roads and bridges. This lack of infrastructure also hampers the use of prefabricated reinforced concrete beams, since it makes extremely difficult moving heavy goods and machineries. The design and the manufacturing process of these two girders are presented in this paper.
The Development of a Novel Over-Ramp System for the Replacement of Movement Joints.
Authors: Cartwright Matthew , Cass Jonathan , Hughes Derek , Pattrick Steve , Percy Robert , El-Belbol Said
Published: December 2014

The Queen Elizabeth II (QEII) Bridge carries the southbound traffic over the River Thames on the eastern side of the M25 Orbital Motorway around London. The bridge carries over 80,000 vehicles per day, and comprises a cable stayed bridge of 800m with adjoining approach viaducts of around 1km each. The bridge is just over 20 years old and work commenced in 2013 to progressively replace the six multi-element movement joints. Due to its strategic importance and political sensitivity if closed, lane and carriageway closures on the bridge are only practicable for brief night-time periods. To facilitate joint replacement a novel temporary over-ramp system was designed so that no restrictions were imposed on either daytime carriageway availability or traffic speed during the entire works. This paper describes the collaborative development of the ramping system from constraints and concept, through detailed design and testing, to installation and use.
Parametric Identification of Complex Bridge Structure using Substructure Approach
Authors: Chang Ying , Huang Hongwei
Published: December 2014

Parametric identification of structures is one of the important aspects of structural health monitoring.

Most of the techniques available in the literature have been proved to be effective for structures with small degree of freedoms. However, the problem becomes challenging when the structure system is large, such as bridge structures. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop parametric identification methods that are applicable to complex structures. In this paper, the LSE based techniques will be combined with the substructure approach for identifying the parameters of a cable-stay bridge with large degree of freedoms. Numerical analysis has been carried out and the results demonstrate that the proposed approach is capable of identifying the structural parameters with reasonable accuracy.
Analysis of the present condition and deterioration in the main dome over La Laguna cathedral
Authors: Tanner Peter , Lara Carlos , Prieto Miguel
Published: December 2014

The assessment of an existing structure to determine its suitability for present and future use entails different sorts of problems than encountered when designing new structures. The differences revolve essentially around the nature of the information available. In existing structures, deteriorated or otherwise, the accuracy of the models used for such assessments can usually be improved by acquiring more data. The Spanish Technical Building Code defines a procedure for the evaluation of existing structures that includes the same verification format as normally applied for designing new structures, but in which the representative values for the variables and the partial factors may be modified on the basis of updated information. Tools intended for such modifications, developed for the safety assessment of existing sound and deteriorated concrete structures, are applied to the structural assessment of the main dome over La Laguna cathedral, Tenerife, Spain.
The Text that Nature Renders?
Authors: MacEachern Alan
Published: December 2014

Abstract:

This Historical Perspectives surveys the state and prospect of the Canadian environmental history field, which studies the relations between people and nature through time. Four international scholars with deep knowledge of the Canadian literature and four homegrown practitioners discuss what has been distinct, best, and lacking in the work coming out of Canada so far this century. How have environmental historians engaged with broader literatures and how are they placed within them? What connections have been made – and missed? What contributions do the specific Canadian environmental and historical examples offer the broader field? And what does environmental history offer the broader Canadian history? The forum begins with three pairings that explore Canadian environmental history in relation to literatures with which it could expect to have an impact: Sverker Sörlin and Liza Piper consider Canada and the Circumpolar North, J.F.M. Clark and Graeme Wynn discuss Canada and the British Empire, and Nancy Langston and Sean Kheraj examine Canada and the United States. The Forum concludes with stand-alone perspectives by Stephen J. Pyne and Tina Loo on the place of, and for, Canadian environmental history in the world. As to be expected, the contributors vary widely in their diagnoses and prognoses: from claiming, for example, the evolution of a distinctive environmental politics in Canada to emphasizing sameness in Canadian and American treatment of the natural world. But, collectively, the essays suggest a vibrant field that implicitly critiques, and even rejects, many of the central tendencies of Canadian historical writing of the past generation.

Sverker Sörlin, The Historiography of the Enigmatic North, http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.95.4.hp02

Liza Piper, Coming In from the Cold, http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.95.4.hp03

J.F.M. Clark, From the Other Side of the Ocean: Environment and Empire, http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.95.4.hp04

Graeme Wynn, Empires of Nature and the Nature of Empires, http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.95.4.hp05

Nancy Langston, Thinking like a Microbe: Borders and Environmental History, http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.95.4.hp06

Sean Kheraj, Borders, Intersections, and Ideas of Nature, http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.95.4.hp07

Stephen J. Pyne, Imagining Canada: Reflections in the Flames, http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.95.4.hp08

Tina Loo, Missed Connections: Why Canadian Environmental History Could Use More of the World, and Vice Versa, http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.95.4.hp09
Eating habits and Nutritional status among the Bangladeshi Medical Students Depending upon BMI
Authors: Chowdhury Nasrin Sultana
Published: December 2014

Background : Eating habit have been a major concern among undergraduate medical students as a determinant of health status. The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of eating habits and its associated with social and psychological factors among medical students in Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Material and Method : A cross sectional descriptive type of study was conducted among 107 randomly selected. Medical student from east-west Medical College and Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh. Data collected by interviewing on socio-demography, anthropometry, eating habits and psychosocial factors. Result : Mean (±SD) of the respondents was 21.19 (±1.9) and the age ranged from 17 to 26 years. Maximum respondents were 19 yrs (21.5%) more than half had regular breakfast and meal (70.1%) and 81.3% respectively). Majority (58.9%) consumed fruits one to twice per weak 50.5% had fast food once a week and 51.4% drank water 2 liters daily. 33.6% eat vegetable once or twice weak. Conclusion : Most of the students in this study had healthy eating habits. Social and psychological factors were important determinants of eating habit among medical students. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v4i1.21159 Update Dent. Coll. j: 2014; 4 (1): 10-14
Distribution of thyroid peroxidase positivity and its effects on thyroid function in normal pregnant women during 1st trimester in Dhaka city
Authors: Sultanaa Ohida , Jahan Nasim , Sultana Nayma , Mahmudad Farzana , Chowdhurye Tazdik G
Published: December 2014

Objective: To measure the distribution of TPO-Ab positivity and to observe the effect of thyroid peroxidase positivity on thyroid function during first trimester in normal pregnancy. Method: A cross sectional among 120 subjects were taken in this study and divided into control and study groups. Control group (Group A) consisted of 60 healthy non pregnant women age ranged between 20 to 35 years. Study group (Group B) consisted of 60 normal pregnant women of same age range. Group B was further subdivided into group B1 and group B2according to the level of TPO-Ab. Group B1 consisted of TPO-Ab positive pregnant women and group B2 consisted of TPO- Ab negative pregnant women. Control group was selected from personal contacts and study group from Out Patient Department (OPD) of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital. For assessment of thyroid function, serum free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured. Serum FT4, TSH were measured by Enzyme link immunosorbant (ELISA) method. Again, serum TPO-Ab of total study population and hCG of all the pregnant women were measured. Serum TPO-Ab by Micro particle Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA) method and hCG was estimated by ELISA. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 17. Results: In this study, serum FT4 and was significantly (P<0.001) higher and TSH level was significantly (P<0.001) lower in normal pregnant women during 1st trimester in comparison to those of non pregnant women. Again, 18% of pregnant women showed TPO-Ab positivity. However, serum FT4 level was significantly (P<0.001) lower whereas, TSH level was significantly (p<0.001) higher in TPO-Ab positive pregnant women in comparison to those of TPO-Ab negative pregnant women. Conclusion: TPO-Ab positivity increases during 1st trimester of normal pregnancy which decreases the hyper functional state of thyroid hormones. So, thyroid screening should be done routinely during pregnancy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v4i1.21160 Update Dent. Coll. j: 2014; 4 (1): 15-20
Craniofacial morphometric evaluation of Bangladeshi adults by lateral cephalometry with Tweed-Merrifield analysis
Authors: Hasana Md Nazmul , Rafiqueb Tanzilla , Sultana Nadara , Fareend Nashid , Mishud Shariar Mahmud
Published: December 2014

Objectives: Craniofacial variations presents in different ethnic populations around the world. Therefore proper morphpmetric comparison of this craniofacial structure with that ethnic norm require to determine dentofacial deformity while orthodontic management. Methodology: To evaluate a morphometric norm of Bangladeshi populations by Tweeds methods of lateral cephalometric parameter, 112 cephalographs of Bangladeshi young adults (56 male, 56 female) with mean age of 19(±2.13) years were traced and evaluated by tweeds analysis on angular measurement. Results: The study shows increase value of FMA with decrease value of IMPA, which indicate that this populations mid-facial height are a bit larger and incisor are a bit retrocline. Conclusions: Differentiation between the Bangladeshi populations value with that of tweeds study explain the craniofacial patter of this populations which should be properly compare for diagnostic and therapeutic measure. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v4i1.21163 Update Dent. Coll. j: 2014; 4 (1): 27-30
Radix Entomolaris in mandibular molars: An Endodontic Challenge
Authors: Chowdhury Shirin Sultana , Hasan Md Nazmul
Published: December 2014

Mandibular molars can have additional root located lingually) the radix entomolaris). If present, an awareness and understanding of this unusual root canal morphology can contribute to the successful outcome of root canal treatment. The root is typically smaller than the distal root and is usually curved, requiring special attention when root canal treatment is being considered for such a tooth. The aim of the paper is to present a case of permanent mandibular first molar with additional third root. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v4i1.21175 Update Dent. Coll. j: 2014; 4 (1): 49-52
Numerical and Theoretical Investigations Concerning the Continuous-Surface-Curvature Effect in Compressor Blades
Authors: Song Yin , Gu Chun-Wei , Xiao Yao-Bing
Published: December 2014

Though the importance of curvature continuity on compressor blade performances has been realized, there are two major questions that need to be solved, i.e., the respective effects of curvature continuity at the leading-edge blend point and the main surface, and the contradiction between the traditional theory and experimental observations in the effect of those novel leading-edge shapes with smaller curvature discontinuity and sharper nose. In this paper, an optimization method to design continuous-curvature blade profiles which deviate little from datum blades is proposed, and numerical and theoretical analysis is carried out to investigate the continuous-curvature effect on blade performances. The results show that the curvature continuity at the leading-edge blend point helps to eliminate the separation bubble, thus improving the blade performance. The main-surface curvature continuity is also beneficial, although its effects are much smaller than those of the blend-point curvature continuity. Furthermore, it is observed that there exist two factors controlling the leading-edge spike, i.e., the curvature discontinuity at the blend point which dominates at small incidences, and the nose curvature which dominates at large incidences. To the authors’ knowledge, such mechanisms have not been reported before, and they can help to solve the sharp-leading-edge paradox.
Resveratrol Inhibits Trophoblast Apoptosis through Oxidative Stress in Preeclampsia-Model Rats
Authors: Zou Yanfen , Zuo Qing , Huang Shiyun , Yu Xiang , Jiang Ziyan , Zou Shan , Fan Mingsong , Sun Lizhou
Published: December 2014

Resveratrol has been shown to be a therapeutic agent for cardiovascular disorders by maintaining a lower redox level in vivo through its anti-oxidant properties. Resveratrol can prevent cells from p53- and reactive oxygen species-dependent apoptosis induced by interleukin-1b. We identified an inhibitory effect of resveratrol against oxidative stress and apoptosis using the TUNEL assay in NG-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester-induced preeclampsia in rats. To investigate a possible association between resveratrol and the apoptosis caused by oxidative stress in vitro, assays for superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde as well as flow cytometric analyses were conducted in HTR-8/SVneo cells after hypoxic treatment with or without resveratrol for 24 h. These data suggest that resveratrol significantly opposes the effects of oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro.
Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager Radiometric Calibration and Stability
Authors: Markham Brian , Barsi Julia , Kvaran Geir , Ong Lawrence , Kaita Edward , Biggar Stuart , Czapla-Myers Jeffrey , Mishra Nischal , Helder Dennis
Published: December 2014

The Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) was radiometrically calibrated prior to launch in terms of spectral radiance, using an integrating sphere source traceable to National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standards of spectral irradiance. It was calibrated on-orbit in terms of reflectance using diffusers characterized prior to launch using NIST traceable standards. The radiance calibration was performed with an uncertainty of ~3%; the reflectance calibration to an uncertainty of ~2%. On-orbit, multiple calibration techniques indicate that the sensor has been stable to better than 0.3% to date, with the exception of the shortest wavelength band, which has degraded about 1.0%. A transfer to orbit experiment conducted using the OLI’s heliostat-illuminated diffuser suggests that some bands increased in sensitivity on transition to orbit by as much as 5%, with an uncertainty of ~2.5%. On-orbit comparisons to other instruments and vicarious calibration techniques show the radiance (without a transfer to orbit adjustment), and reflectance calibrations generally agree with other instruments and ground measurements to within the uncertainties. Calibration coefficients are provided with the data products to convert to either radiance or reflectance units.
Automatic Seamline Network Generation for Urban Orthophoto Mosaicking with the Use of a Digital Surface Model
Authors: Chen Qi , Sun Mingwei , Hu Xiangyun , Zhang Zuxun
Published: December 2014

Intelligent seamline selection for image mosaicking is an area of active research in the fields of massive data processing, computer vision, photogrammetry and remote sensing. In mosaicking applications for digital orthophoto maps (DOMs), the visual transition in mosaics is mainly caused by differences in positioning accuracy, image tone and relief displacement of high ground objects between overlapping DOMs. Among these three factors, relief displacement, which prevents the seamless mosaicking of images, is relatively more difficult to address. To minimize visual discontinuities, many optimization algorithms have been studied for the automatic selection of seamlines to avoid high ground objects. Thus, a new automatic seamline selection algorithm using a digital surface model (DSM) is proposed. The main idea of this algorithm is to guide a seamline toward a low area on the basis of the elevation information in a DSM. Given that the elevation of a DSM is not completely synchronous with a DOM, a new model, called the orthoimage elevation synchronous model (OESM), is derived and introduced. OESM can accurately reflect the elevation information for each DOM unit. Through the morphological processing of the OESM data in the overlapping area, an initial path network is obtained for seamline selection. Subsequently, a cost function is defined on the basis of several measurements, and Dijkstra’s algorithm is adopted to determine the least-cost path from the initial network. Finally, the proposed algorithm is employed for automatic seamline network construction; the effective mosaic polygon of each image is determined, and a seamless mosaic is generated. The experiments with three different datasets indicate that the proposed method meets the requirements for seamline network construction. In comparative trials, the generated seamlines pass through fewer ground objects with low time consumption.
On the Potential Usefulness of Fourier Spectra of Delayed Fluorescence from Plants
Authors: Guo Ya , Tan Jinglu
Published: December 2014

Delayed fluorescence (DF) from photosystem II (PSII) of plants can be potentially used as a biosensor for the detection of plant physiological status and environmental changes. It has been analyzed mainly in the time domain. Frequency-domain analysis through Fourier transform allows viewing a signal from another angle, but the usefulness of DF spectra has not been well studied. In this work, experiments were conducted to show the differences and similarities in DF spectra of different plants with short pulse excitation. The DF spectra show low-pass characteristics with first-order attenuation of high frequencies. The results also show that the low-frequency components differ while the high-frequency components are similar. These may imply the potential usefulness of Fourier spectra of DF to analyze photoelectron transport in plants and classify samples.
Performance Enhancement for a GPS Vector-Tracking Loop Utilizing an Adaptive Iterated Extended Kalman Filter
Authors: Chen Xiyuan , Wang Xiying , Xu Yuan
Published: December 2014

This paper deals with the problem of state estimation for the vector-tracking loop of a software-defined Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. For a nonlinear system that has the model error and white Gaussian noise, a noise statistics estimator is used to estimate the model error, and based on this, a modified iterated extended Kalman filter (IEKF) named adaptive iterated Kalman filter (AIEKF) is proposed. A vector-tracking GPS receiver utilizing AIEKF is implemented to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Through road tests, it is shown that the proposed method has an obvious accuracy advantage over the IEKF and Adaptive Extended Kalman filter (AEKF) in position determination. The results show that the proposed method is effective to reduce the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of position (including longitude, latitude and altitude). Comparing with EKF, the position RMSE values of AIEKF are reduced by about 45.1%, 40.9% and 54.6% in the east, north and up directions, respectively. Comparing with IEKF, the position RMSE values of AIEKF are reduced by about 25.7%, 19.3% and 35.7% in the east, north and up directions, respectively. Compared with AEKF, the position RMSE values of AIEKF are reduced by about 21.6%, 15.5% and 30.7% in the east, north and up directions, respectively.
Morphologic Differentiation of Viruses beyond the Family Level
Authors: Goldsmith Cynthia
Published: December 2014

Electron microscopy has been instrumental in the identification of viruses by being able to characterize a virus to the family level. There are a few cases where morphologic or morphogenesis factors can be used to differentiate further, to the genus level. These include viruses in the families Poxviridae, Reoviridae, Retroviridae, Herpesviridae, Filoviridae, and Bunyaviridae.
In between: Gypsy in Drosophila melanogaster Reveals New Insights into Endogenous Retrovirus Evolution
Authors: Touret Franck , Guiguen François , Greenland Timothy , Terzian Christophe
Published: December 2014

Retroviruses are RNA viruses that are able to synthesize a DNA copy of their genome and insert it into a chromosome of the host cell. Sequencing of different eukaryote genomes has revealed the presence of many such endogenous retroviral sequences. The mechanisms by which these retroviral sequences have colonized the genome are still unknown, and the endogenous retrovirus gypsy of Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful experimental model for deciphering this process in vivo. Gypsy is expressed in a layer of somatic cells, and then transferred into the oocyte by an unknown mechanism. This critical step is the start of the endogenization process. Moreover gypsy has been shown to have infectious properties, probably due to its envelope gene acquired from a baculovirus. Recently we have also shown that gypsy maternal transmission is reduced in the presence of the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia. These studies demonstrate that gypsy is a unique and powerful model for understanding the endogenization of retroviruses.
La bataille de Philippes (42 av. J.-C.) dans l’Histoire romaine de Dion Cassius : un aperçu du travail de l’historien .
Authors: Bertrand Estelle
Published: December 2014

The Battle of Philippes (42 BC) in Cassius Dio’s Roman History : an outline of the historian’s work.

The narrative of the battle of Philippes (42 BC) offered by Cassius Dio in his Roman History is particularly interesting. Putting an end to any attempted restoration of the Roman Republic after Caesar’s assassination, the battle is viewed as an essential episode by the historian, who devotes 15 chapters to it in the conclusion of Book 47 of his Roman History (chapters 38 to 49). Based on a double critical perspective, both external and internal, the analysis of the chapters shows that despite appearances to the contrary Dio proposes a very meticulous narrative linking Philippes to the succession of civil wars at the end of the Roman Republic while demonstrating thanks to the inclusion of unknown elements that this quite singular battle had decisive political consequences.
Polybe et les mises en scène de la Tychè
Authors: Guelfucci Marie-Rose
Published: December 2014

Malgré les limites explicites de toute explication par une Tychè supérieure, on a pourtant pu voir dans les Histoires une Tychè Némésis ou, au contraire, une Tychè providentielle pour un homme ou un Etat. En tenant compte du lexique et des modalisations de l’énoncé, nous reprendrons le dossier sous l’angle nouveau des différentes focalisations du récit, et dans trois contextes : celui où Polybe adopte le point de vue le plus commun sur la Τύχη et le signale (τις) ; celui où il dramatise l’histoire, mais pour mieux former ; celui, enfin, où il construit pour son lecteur une démonstration et lui retrace à grands traits ce que nous appellerions plus simplement “la marche de l’histoire”. Dans cette relecture rationalisée du passé, l’évolution politique (l’anacyclose) s’explique alors, loin de tout déterminisme extérieur, par des lois, loi naturelle (sur le modèle biologique) et loi physique (déséquilibre des forces), mais celles-ci n’en reçoivent pas moins un correctif : la responsabilité morale du Politique.
La chute de Vitellius dans les Histoires de Tacite
Authors: Galtier Fabrice
Published: December 2014

L’analyse de la chute de Vitellius, depuis la seconde bataille de Bédriac jusqu’au supplice de l’empereur, permet d’établir des rapprochements avec la μετάβασις tragique évoquée par Aristote. Le récit donne une cohérence artificielle au cours des événements et attribue un rôle important au comportement de Vitellius. Ce dernier semble victime d’un renversement qui rappelle la condition ambivalente dévolue au tyran dans la tragédie, en incarnant le monstre qui doit être expulsé de la cité. Mais chez Tacite, le mythe du tyran est exploité de telle sorte que paradoxalement, il dévoile ce qu’il devrait cacher : la culpabilité de l’ensemble de la communauté romaine, impliquée tout entière dans les guerres civiles.
Légende et histoire dans le Livre I de Tite-Live
Authors: Mineo Bernard
Published: December 2014

History and legend in Livy’s Book I.

Whereas the Livian foreword draws the reader’s attention to the fragility of the historical basis of the period concerning the Roman foundation, Book I contains nonetheless some narrative close-ups on legendary episodes such as Æneas’ installation in Latium and the sacrifice offered to Hercules by Romulus on the Ara Maxima, with a flash-back on Evander’s reign. The scope of this study is to try to explain this paradox. Thence, it appears that the close-ups on these episodes aim at indicating to the reader the existence of analogical ties between the characters, the politics described in the legendary legends, and those of the period contemporary to Livy.
Les mythes fondateurs de Thèbes et l’histoire : les mises en formes du passé d’une cité et leurs enjeux
Authors: Mackowiak Karin
Published: December 2014

Theban foundation myths and history: the putting in form of the past and its challenges.

This paper deals with Amphion and Zethos and Kadmos, understandable as various constructions of the archaic past of the polis. The former historical thesis advanced that the foundation myths faithfully reflect events of the remote past of Thebes, but a more complex process of recreating history should now be emphasized, a process rooted in political experiences and explaining the original creation of several founders. Myth can thus be considered as a kind of historical memory blending imagination and history in a logical way, in order to provide the Theban people with a sense of identity, and localising them in a specific space and time.
Périclès et l’impérialisme athénien de Thucydide à l’historiographie contemporaine
Authors: Mossé Claude
Published: December 2014

Pericles and the Athenian Imperialism, from Thucydides to contemporary historiography.

The development of the Athenian Empire in the fifth century B. C. is linked to Pericles’ name. But, from Thucydides to present day historiography, this link has been the object of conflicting judgments, positive for the Athenian historian and some contemporary historians, negative among Greek philosophers and those who nowadays denounce the misdeeds of imperialism.
Le renouveau des études séleucides
Authors: Martinez-Seve Laurianne
Published: December 2014

The renewal of Seleucid studies.

Since the 90’ s many studies have allowed us to change our view of the state organization of the Achaemenid Empire and then of the Seleucid empire, for the Seleucid kings were often seen as the heirs of the Achaemenid kings. The paper gives a review of the main publications and suggests new approaches. It would be more accurate to consider the Seleucid empire as a complex network of powers rather than a territory.
Diodore de Sicile et les Sikèles : Histoire et/ou mémoire d’un « ethnos » et de son héros Doukétios .
Authors: Péré-Noguès Sandra
Published: December 2014

Diodorus of Sicily and the Sikels : history and/or memory of an «ethnos » and of its hero Douketios.

The work of Diodorus Siculus is the only literary and historical evidence we possess on the revolt led by Ducetius in the mid-fifth century. If the facts are rather well known, recent studies suggest different interpretations depending on the sources that are retained. This analysis will consider another perspective of this episode that implies history and memory, two features of his work.
Pretherapeutic dosimetry before 131I therapy of benign thyroid disease
Authors: Behrendt F. F. , Heinzel A. , Müller B. , Mottaghy F. M. , Verburg F. A. , Krohn T.
Published: December 2014

Aim: To compare uptake measurements and different methods for the pretherapeutic determination of the effective thyroidal 131I half life (Teff) to the results of posttherapeutic dosimetric measurements. Patients, methods: Retrospective study of 1538 patients who received their first RIT in our department for autonomous thyroid nodules (ATN), autonomous multinodular goiter (AMG) or Graves' disease (GD) between November 1999 and January 2011. Pretherapeutic measurements were performed at any combination of 24 h, 48 h and 6 days after 131I administration. Post-therapy dosimetric measurements were performed in 12 h intervals until discharge. Teff was determined through monoexponential curve fitting. Results: Pretherapeutic Teff values based on measurements at 24 h and 48 h, 24 h and 6 d, 48 h and 6 d as well as on day 24 h, 48 h and 6 d yielded implausible (< 2 d or > 8 d) values for Teff, in 60.4%, 25.7%, 29.1 and 21.4% of available calculations, respectively. The plausible results showed significant, clinically relevant and sometimes considerable overestimations of Teff. Using empirically determined fixed disease specific Teff values resulted in a better congruence between the pre- and posttherapeutic dosimetry results. 24 h measurements were marginally more accurate than 48 h ones in AMG and GD whereas 48 h measurements were marginally more accurate in ATN; these differences are however not clinically relevant. 6 d measurements are clearly less accurate than those after 24 h or 48 h. Conclusion: In ATN, AMG and GD, pretherapeutic dosimetry can be performed by a single uptake measurement at 24 h or 48 h using a fixed, disease specific value for Teff. Additional later measurements do not yield a further clinically relevant contribution to accuracy of pretherapeutic dosimetry.
Computed tomographic evaluation of elbow congruity during arthroscopy in a canine cadaveric model
Authors: Skinner O. T. , Warren-Smith C. M. R. , Burton N. J. , Parsons K. J.
Published: December 2014

Objective: To assess the effect of arthro-scope insertion, using a carbon-fibre rod model, on humero-radial, humero-ulnar and radio-ulnar congruity, as assessed by computed tomography (CT).

Methods: Cadaveric Greyhound elbow joints were assessed at a flexion angle of 135 ± 5° using CT. For condition 1, a 36 mm fulcrum induced cubital valgus, as used to aid arthro-scope insertion. For conditions 2 and 3, a single 1.8 or 2.5 mm diameter rod was inserted under arthroscopic guidance to simulate arthroscope position for assessment of the medial coronoid process. Repeat CT scans were obtained for all conditions and parasagittal sections were reconstructed to evaluate medial, axial and lateral positions within the elbow. Humero-radial, humeroulnar, and radio-ulnar congruity measurements were obtained. Differences between groups were assessed using repeated measures analysis of variance.

Results: Mean (±SD) change in radio-ulnar step between conditions 1 and 3 was 0.6 ± 0.3 mm (axial), 0.8 ± 0.6 mm (medial), and 0.5 ± 0.1 mm (lateral). Insertion of rods induced a significant decrease in radio-ulnar step in all planes. Significant differences were also identified between groups for humero-radial, humero-ulnar, and radio-ulnar congruity.

Clinical significance: Insertion of carbon-fibre rods as a model for elbow arthroscope insertion induces elbow incongruity. Changes in radio-ulnar congruity are small but the effect of arthroscope diameter should be considered when assessing elbow congruity.
Congenital cervical kyphosis in two young sighthounds
Authors: Casoni D. , Tomek A. , Karli P. , Howard J. , Precht C. , Forterre F.
Published: December 2014

Introduction: Cervical vertebral (C) malformation is rarely reported in large breed dogs. Congenital cervical kyphosis (CCK) may result from defects of vertebral segmentation, failure of formation or both. This report describes two cases of C3-C4 CCK in young sighthounds, treated surgically.

Case description: An 18-month-old female Deerhound and a six-week-old female Borzoi dog were presented because of the complaints of reluctance to exercise and signs of of neck pain. Both dogs were neurologically normal. Diagnostic imaging revealed C3-C4 deformity, moderate kyphosis, and spinal canal stenosis associated with chronic spinal cord pressure atrophy. Both dogs underwent surgical treatment.

Results: A staged two-step surgery starting with dorsal decompression was elected in the Deerhound. After the first surgical procedure, the dog developed focal myelomalacia and phrenic nerve paralysis and was euthanatized. A ventral distraction-fusion technique with two locking plates was performed in the Borzoi. This patient recovered uneventfully and long-term follow-up computed tomography revealed complete spondylodesis.

Clinical significance: Until now, CCK has only been described in sighthounds. Congenital cervical kyphosis might be considered a differential diagnosis in these breeds that are presented with signs of cervical pain. Ventral realignment-fusion and bone grafting may be considered for surgical treatment, although the earliest age at which this procedure can and should be performed remains unclear.
Stenocarpella maydis and its toxic metabolites: a South African perspective on diplodiosis
Authors: Masango M.G. , Flett B.C. , Ellis C.E. , Botha C.J.
Published: December 2014

Stenocarpella maydis is one of the most prevalent ear and stalk rot pathogens of maize globally, causing reductions of grain quality and yield. Various molecular methods, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques and nucleotide microarrays, have been developed for the identification ofS. maydis infestation in maize grain. In addition to diplodiatoxin, new metabolites, namely dipmatol, diplonine and chaetoglobosins K and L, have been isolated fromS. maydis infected cultures.S. maydis infected maize is also associated with intoxication in ruminants. Diplodiosis, a nervous disorder of cattle and sheep, results from ingestion of mouldy ears, kernels and maize stubble infected byS. maydis. Although this disease is most common in southern Africa, it has also been reported in Australia, Argentina and Brazil. Diplodiosis is characterised by reluctance of the animals to move, a wide-based stance, incoordination, paralysis and death. Myelin degeneration (status spongiosis) is the only histopathological change observed in affected animals, especially in cases of perinatal mortality. To date, none of the purifiedS. maydis metabolites has been administered to ruminants in order to reproduce diplodiosis. However, recent studies have focused on investigating the toxicity of the metabolites on cell cultures. Cytotoxicity studies where cultured cells were exposed to theS. maydis metabolites indicated that diplodiatoxin and dipmatol affected the activity of the mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase enzyme and the overall viability of the cells. More detailedin vitro toxicity studies are still required to elucidate how the currently availableS. maydis metabolites influence parameters such as the mechanism of cell death. Development of analytical test methods to quantify and establish the presence and distribution of these mycotoxins in infected maize commodities also needs investigation. It is also critical that the role ofS. maydis stalk rot be evaluated as a potential source and cause of diplodiosis.
Mycotoxins and other fungal metabolites in grain dust from Norwegian grain elevators and compound feed mills
Authors: Straumfors A. , Uhlig S. , Eriksen G.S. , Heldal K.K. , Eduard W. , Krska R. , Sulyok M.
Published: December 2014

Employees at grain elevators and compound feed mills are exposed to large amounts of grain dust during work, frequently leading to airway symptoms and asthma. Although the exposure to grain dust, microorganisms, β-1→3-glucans and endotoxins has been extensively studied, the focus on the mycotoxin content of grain dust has previously been limited to one or few mycotoxins. Our objective was therefore to screen settled grain dust from grain elevators and compound feed mills for fungal metabolites by LC/MS-MS and explore differences between work places, seasons and climatic zones. Seventy fungal metabolites and two bacterial metabolites were detected. Trichothecenes, depsipeptides, ergot alkaloids, and other metabolites fromFusarium, Claviceps,Alternaria, Penicillium, Aspergillus, and other fungi were represented. The prevalence of individual metabolites was highly variable, and the concentration of each metabolite varied considerably between samples. The prevalence and concentration of most metabolites were higher in grain elevators compared to compound feed mills. Differences between seasons and climatic zones were inconclusive. All samples contained multiple mycotoxins, indicating a highly complex pattern of possible inhalational exposure. A mean exposure of 20 ng/m3 of fungal metabolites was estimated, whereas a worst case scenario estimated as much as 10 ?g/m3. Although many of these compounds may be linked to toxicological and immunological effects through experimental or epidemiological studies, it still remains to be determined whether the detected concentrations implicate adverse health outcomes when inhaled.
Eyelid Basal Cell Carcinoma in a Healthy Child
Authors: Yazici Bülent , Çiçek Serhat , Adim Saduman Balaban
Published: December 2014

Basal cell carcinoma is rare in children and usually is associated with genetic or immune predisposing factors. A 14-year-old otherwise healthy boy who had an eyelid basal cell carcinoma is presented. The tumor was in the subcilliary area in the lateral part of the lower eyelid, was ulceronodular with some pigmentation, and had grown over the past 6 months. The patient’s medical history was unremarkable. Systemic and immunologic studies did not find any abnormality that could present a predisposition to skin cancer. The tumor was excised and the resulting eyelid defect was repaired with a semicircular flap. During a follow-up period of 44 months, the patient did not develop any recurrence, de novo tumor, or extraocular disease of any significance.
[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2014;51:e82–e84.]
Eating Disorders and Spirituality in College Students
Authors: Phillips Lauren , Kemppainen Jeanne K. , Mechling Brandy M. , MacKain Sally , Kim-Godwin Yeounsoo , Leopard Louisa
Published: December 2014

Associations were examined between eating disorder symptoms and spiritual well-being in a convenience sample of college students. Undergraduate nursing students at a university in a Mid-Atlantic coastal beach community were recruited for the study. A total of 115 students completed the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS); the Sick, Control, One Stone, Fat, Food (SCOFF) screening questionnaire; and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). Approximately one quarter of students had positive screens for an eating disorder, and 40% admitted to binging/purging. SWBS scores reflected low life satisfaction and a lack of clarity and purpose among students. A significant association was found between EAT-26 scores and SWBS Existential Well-Being (EWB) sub-scale scores (
p
= 0.014). SCOFF scores were significantly associated with SWBS EWB scores (
p
= 0.001). Symptoms of eating disorders were pervasive. Future research that assesses the impact of spiritual factors on eating disorders may help health care providers better understand the unique contributions to the development of eating disorders. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 53
(1), 30–37.]