bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overused and Unpredictable: A Study of Unfractionated Heparin Treatment Including Appropriateness, Safety, and Bolus Dosing
Authors: Hahn Logan , Beresh Christopher , Goubran Hadi A , Semchuk William , Nicholson Matthew
Published: July 2024

Background
Multiple recent guidelines advocate a preference for low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) over unfractionated heparin (UFH) infusions to reduce the risk of major bleeding (MB), heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and improve cost-effectiveness (1–6). This study analyzed UFH use at a tertiary centre in Canada to identify cases in which UFH could have been avoided, identify characteristics associated with bleeding, and examine the efficacy and safety of infusions where the initial bolus was administered or withheld.
Methods
We identified adults who received between 48 to 96 hours of a UFH infusion in a single tertiary care hospital between January 2021 and December 2023. Consecutive patients were reviewed for bleeding events, patient factors known to influence bleeding, and whether patients had a contraindication to LMWH or another anticoagulant. Patients were deemed to have “appropriate” use of UFH in preference to more desirable anticoagulants if they had recent or ongoing bleeding, required an imminent procedure or surgery, an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 30mL/min, or could foreseeably require thrombolysis.
Results
Of 127 patients, 16 (13%) were identified to have bleeding complications, including 14 episodes of MB. Bleeding episodes were significantly associated with any measured aPTT greater than 150 seconds (s) during treatment (p = 0.0285). Omission of initial bolus dosing was not associated with reduced bleeding events or the incidence of any aPTT measurement greater than 150s. Omission of initial bolus dosing was associated with subtherapeutic aPTT measurement at 6 hours (46%) and 12 hours (25%) post-UFH administration. We identified high rates (42%) of UFH selection where an alternative anticoagulant could have been used.
Conclusion
Use of intravenous UFH is associated with a high risk of MB, and bleeding complications are associated with markedly elevated aPTT (> 150s). An elevated risk of bleeding does not appear to be mitigated by omitting the initial bolus. Delivery of an initial UFH bolus decreases time to therapeutic anticoagulation.
Multidrug-resistant Shigella flexneri outbreak associated with a high-mortality spillover event into nonhuman primates
Authors: Domman Daryl , Davis Sarah Shrum , Salazar-Hamm Paris , Edge Karen , Hanosh Tim , Houston Jessica , Griego-Fisher Anastacia , Lugo Francelli , Wenzel Nicholas , Malone D’Eldra , Bradford Carol , Plymesser Kelly , Baker Michael , Schwalm Kurt , Lathrop Sarah , Smelser Chad , Dinwiddie Darrell
Published: July 2024

Shigellosis is a gastrointestinal infection caused by species of Shigella. A large outbreak of Shigella flexneri serotype 2a occurred in Albuquerque, New Mexico (NM) between May 2021 and November 2023 that involved humans and nonhuman primates (NHP) from a local zoo. We analyzed the genomes of 202 New Mexico isolates as well as 15 closely related isolates from other states, and four from NHP. The outbreak was initially detected within men who have sex with men (MSM) but then predominantly affected people experiencing homelessness (PEH). Nearly 70% of cases were hospitalized and there was one human death. The outbreak extended into Albuquerque's BioPark Zoo, causing high morbidity and six deaths in NHPs. The NHP isolates were identical to those in the human outbreak. All isolates were multidrug-resistant, including towards fluoroquinolones, a first line treatment option which led to treatment failures in human and NHP populations. We demonstrate the transmission of this S. flexneri strain between humans and NHPs, causing fatalities in both populations. This study demonstrates the threat of antimicrobial resistant organisms to vulnerable human and primate populations and emphasizes the value of vigilant genomic surveillance within a One Health framework.
What comes together wires together – Gender Differences in Sexual Function and Satisfaction depending on when People believe Sexual Intercourse ends and Orgasm Latency in a Chilean Sample
Authors: Quintana Gonzalo R. , Santibáñez-Palma Francisco , Escudero-Pastén Javier , Consortium CSSS Research , Barrientos Jaime
Published: July 2024

Sexual intercourse (SI) is a prevalent sexual behavior with significant implications for sexual health, function, and satisfaction. While extensive research has focused on the duration of SI, particularly intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT), the nuances of when SI ends remain underexplored. This study aimed to elucidate how different interpretations of SI ending cues (SEC) and orgasm latency (OL) time influence sexual function (SF) and sexual satisfaction (SS) among Chilean adults. A cross-sectional design was employed with sexually active men (n= 650;Mage= 33.7,SD= 12.0) and women (n= 1905;Mage= 32.1,SD= 10.0). SF was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) for men and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) for women. Participants indicated their preferred SEC from four options: “it's uncertain”, “when my partner reaches an orgasm”, “when I reach an orgasm”, or “when both reach an orgasm, even if at different times”. Results indicated a typical OL of 10–20 minutes, with a preference for mutual orgasm as the SEC. Gender differences emerged, with women more likely to focus on their partner's orgasm and men on their own. Variations in SF and SS were more pronounced among women, particularly in dimensions of desire, arousal, and satisfaction. OL also influenced women's orgasm function and men's erectile and orgasm functions. This study provides insights into the gender-specific impacts of SEC and OL on SF and SS, highlighting the importance of considering these factors in sexual health research and interventions.
Elisabeth Hauptmann, 1897–1973
Authors: Kotte Claudia
Published: July 2024

Für ihre Tätigkeit als Herausgeberin der Gesammelten Werke von Bertolt Brecht ist Elisabeth Hauptmann in der Brecht-Forschung hoch anerkannt. Vernachlässigt wird gelegentlich jedoch ihre Rolle als Übersetzerin, die Brecht mit ihren Übersetzungen neue Stoffe und Dramentraditionen erschloss. Sie war es, die u.a. die "Beggar's Opera" übersetzte, aus der später die "Dreigroschenoper" wurde - der größte deutsche Theatererfolg der 1920er Jahre.
A Structure and Content Analysis of Solution-Focused Group Counseling Programs In Korea: Focusing on Research from 2007 to 2023
Authors: Song Eun Sug , Choi Jung Jin
Published: July 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the structure and content of solution-focused group counseling (SFG) to provide a theoretical and practical basis for the future practice of the approach. Methods: For this purpose, this study analyzed the data on 69 SFG programs published in Korean journals from 2007 to 2023. Results: The results of the study were as follows. First, the most common participants in SFG were children, adolescents, and university students, and the programs were mainly held in schools. Second, the main structure of the programs was classified as introduction, main SF activities, and end phase. The total number of sessions provided was 622 sessions, of which the main activities were mostly provided in 397 sessions, or 63.83% of the total sessions. Third, scaling questions, among many, were the most frequently used questions during the group processes, accounting for 49 sessions. Conclusions: The results are significant in that they can serve as a basis for deriving suggestions necessary to expand the practice of SFG in Korea in the future. The theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
The Mediating Effects of Acceptance on the Relationship between Self-Differentiation and Marital Satisfaction among Newlywed Couples: Based on the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model
Authors: Choi Ok-Kyung , Yang Hae-Chung
Published: July 2024

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of self-differentiation on marital satisfaction, and the mediating effects of acceptance among newlywed couples based on the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model(APIM). Methods: Data were collected from 188 couples(376 individuals) aged 20~45. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were performed. Results: Firstly, while the husbands’ self-differentiation was higher than that of the wives, there were no significant differences in acceptance and marital satisfaction between the husbands and wives. Secondly, the actor effect of self-differentiation on acceptance was significant for both husbands and wives, but the partner effect was significant only for the husbands. Thirdly, the actor and partner effects of acceptance on marital satisfaction were significant for both husbands and wives. Fourth, the actor and partner effects of self-differentiation on marital satisfaction through mediation of acceptance were significant for both husbands and wives. Conclusions: The significance lies in the understanding of the specific dynamics of interaction between spouses in influencing marital satisfaction through self-differentiation and acceptance during the early stages of marriage.
The impact of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and organizational commitment on whistleblowing intention: A moderating role of local culture
Authors: Ningsih Nurdiana , Arifuddin  , Usman Asri
Published: July 2024

During forensic audits, the use of auditors has increased significantly. This happened thanks to fraud detection mechanisms that help prevent and quickly detect fraud. Whistleblowing systems set up by local authorities play an important role in detecting fraudulent activities and protecting the rights of whistleblowers, promoting transparency and accountability in public organizations. This study aims to analyze and explain the impact of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and organizational commitment on whistleblowing intention moderated by local culture. This analysis was conducted on local government internal auditors in 24 districts/cities in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Research data were collected through questionnaires with a total research sample of 246 respondents and analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis and moderated regression analysis using the SPSS version 23 application. The research findings show that attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and organizational commitment have a significant effect on whistleblowing intention, while subjective norms do not have a significant effect on whistleblowing intention. Furthermore, regional culture moderates the influence of subjective norms and perceived behavioral control on whistleblowing intention but is unable to moderate the influence of attitudes and organizational commitment on whistleblowing intention.
Study of Sanitation Infrastructure Operations (Case Study: Wastewater Infrastructure in Ciamis Regency)
Authors: Maulana Suhenra
Published: July 2024

Sanitation infrastructure is intended to complement the needs of people who do not yet have access to wastewater infrasctucture include bathing, washing and toilet. Inadequate sanitation infrastructure in an area can cause problems of decreasing environmental quality in residential areas. Based on data from Ciamis Regency in Figures for 2022, it is stated that the population growth rate is 0.94%, this is one of the problems arising from the rapid population growth and various activities carried out, especially sanitation issues, which are related to domestic wastewater treatment including bathing, washing and toilet bathing facilities or Mandi, Cuci, Kakus (MCK). Ciamis Regency has a total of 63 MCKs that have been built in the 2010-2022 period, spread across 19 sub-districts and 62 villages with 63 MCK units. The results of the assessment of the functioning of the MCK infrastructure in Ciamis Regency show that 37 MCK units are in prime condition, 23 MCK units are damaged but can still function properly, 3 MCK units where users are hesitant to use the MCK. Efforts need to be made to repair damaged and/or non-functioning MCKs by increasing participation from the user community in the form of contributions to MCK managers. This is with the aim that people want to reuse and care for MCK as a form of sense of ownership and shared responsibility.
What does the perfect Companion in Games look like? Development and Validation of the Companion Design Scale
Authors: Markus André , Carolus Astrid , Wienrich Carolin
Published: July 2024

Artificial intelligence gives companions in games (a special form of non-player characters) social, adaptive, and interactive characteristics that can influence the gaming experience. Initial design frameworks for these characteristics have been developed in research, but empirical validation and methods for quantifying their impact on game experience are still lacking. To close this gap, the study developed the Companion Design Scale, which operationalizes the design of companion characteristics and measures their impact on the game experience. Structural equation modeling shows that the scale measures companion characteristics reliably and validly. In addition, the study emphasizes the relevance of companion design in general, but also regarding specific design factors for the game experience. First practical analyses provide design recommendations for game design. This study thus offers insights into the design principles of humanoid AI companions and provides a basis for systematic studies on the psychological effects of artificial companions on users.
Board characteristic and Indonesian Islamic bank’s credit risk
Authors: Putri Fitri Anisa Nusa , Haryono Slamet , Hassanee Narong
Published: July 2024

Purpose - This study aims to analyze factors that influencing credit risk  in Indonesian Islamic banks based on the board characteristic.Method - This study is a quantitative method using secondary data from nine Indonesian Islamic banks during 2018 to 2022. The sample of this study was taken by purposive sampling method and the data were analyzed using panel data regression analysis, including the classical assumption, F-test and T-Test.Result - This study povides evidence that sharia supervisor board size and women on board of directors are negative and significantly related to credit risk. However, the education level of board of directors and indepedent commissioners does not influence Indonesian Islamic Bank’s credit risk.Implication - These findings have implications for regulators and policy study to streghthen the internal governance mechanism to protect the Indonesian Islamic banks from financial failures and increseas the trust of stakeholder thorugh the effectiveness of implementation good corporate governance.Originality - This study represents a novel contribution to the literature on the determinants of Indonesian Islamic Bank’s credits risk as it conceptualized the relationship between board characteristic  and the credit risk. This study represents the few that adopt comprehensive modeling approach by proposing the role of board of directors’ gender diversity and education level and Islamic governance context represented by sharia supervisory board.
Content Analysis of Patriotic Telegram Channel Readovka: Statistics and Research Prospects
Authors: Kadynceva Polina , Chardymskiy Maksim
Published: July 2024

Patriotic Telegram channels have been gaining popularity and social influence since February 2022, which makes them a relevant research material. The authors applied the method of statistical analysis to patriotic Telegram channels using the example of Readovka with its 2.3 million subscribers. The channel publishes news related to cultural, social, and political life in the Russian Federation. Readovka’s approach to news presentation differs from other patriotic channels. The authors used TGStat to analyze the popularity and specifics of the content. The program provided a quick and accurate method of content analysis. The material involved statistical results for eight general parameters, the publication coverage for December 1, 2023 (three parameters), and subscribers’ engagement on that day (three parameters). The method proved suitable for a comprehensive analysis of Telegram channels. The prospects include identification and analysis of patriotic discourses and influencers, as well as the effect of patriotic Telegram channels on political activity and mobilization. Other options involve deeper research into the means of communication and manipulation, content moderation, disinformation, cross-cultural comparison, etc.
Mental Concept of Professional Identification in Youth: Part II
Authors: P'yankova Lyudmila
Published: July 2024

The article introduces a cultural and historical pattern of professional identification in young people of Russian mentality. Some national features of professional identification can be characterized as non-obvious due to the multi-structural and multi-vector civilizational orientations of the Russian state. The list of obvious axiological national characteristics includes collectivism, risk aversion, high power distance, sacredness of authorities, relief, mercy, religion-induced compassion, and violations of rules. Phenomenologically speaking, national mentality is a dynamic foundation formed by a set of axiological, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral determinants shared by most members of a particular cultural and historical community. It manifests itself as a broad continuum of political, socio-economic, and cultural conditions that are reflected in formal and informal institutions. Deep cultural structures define the collective and individual actor of professional identification: they fix the results of interiorization and mediation. They manifest themselves as social projections on the education system in its cultural, historical, social, legal, and economic relations. National mentality sets the vector of preferences for the subject, content, professional activity, employment, and working conditions. It makes it possible to analyze the intentions of optants regarding the development of the nomenclature and structure of professional skills during the civilizational shift. The shift is happening in the industry and technology but it aggregates axiological, motivational, and cognitive attitudes of citizens to the standards of collectivism or individualism, as well as to Western, Eastern, or mixed behavioral patterns.
Human Capital Development Technologies as Resource Base for Industrial Development
Authors: Kotov Evgeniy , Silenko Arkadiy
Published: July 2024

Human capital depends on many variables, e.g., financial crises, state economy, education, geopolitical conflicts, competition, etc. The article introduces various tools that could increase the efficiency of human capital in industrial enterprises, as well as determines corporate activities that increase organizational stability. The author used standard research methods to identify the features of corporate culture in small businesses and big corporations. The analysis relied on the minimal and maximal investments that improve the quality of human capital. It resulted in a set of recommendations for improving corporate policy. The review part covered the best practices for improving the personnel management efficiency. The article describes the early personnel improvement projects, the impact of artificial intelligence and machine learning on the automation of employee activities, the informal connections in sustainable corporate culture, the current demands of Russian business for better performance, etc. Russian companies are facing global challenges, e.g., increasing their automation while retaining and retraining experienced employees. Employers have to reduce the risks of staff outflow by investing in the internal corporate processes.
Superservice: Concept, Content, and Modeling
Authors: Neroslov Aleksey , Kuznecova Polina
Published: July 2024

Superservice provides state and municipal services to citizens depending on particular circumstances defined as life situations. This client-oriented service delivery system is an important part of the current Russian system of state and municipal services. The authors developed ways to optimize methods for providing state and municipal services in different life scenarios. They used the modeling method to conceptualize the basic principles of Superservice and analyze their legal foundations. Considering the theoretical and legal discrepancies, the authors developed their own definition of life situation. The analysis of the Public Services Portal of the Russian Federation (EPGU) and regional websites of Multifunctional Public Service Centers revealed a poor use Superservice’s potential because the number of life scenarios appeared to be rather limited. The article contains some algorithms that employees of Multifunctional Public Service Centers could use to exercise a personalized approach to service recipients.
Social Communication in Event Management: Concept and Implementation
Authors: Shelginskaya Viktoriya
Published: July 2024

Special events provide organizations with an opportunity to communicate with their prospective customers: private businesses increase brand awareness and loyalty while state socio-cultural institutions pursue various social goals. However, event management as a research subject is shared by many sciences, from sociology to marketing. As a result, no separate science can offer a comprehensive understanding of processes and tools that allow organizations to impact their event visitors. The research objective was to conceptualize the social and communicative tools of event management from digital perspectives. The unified system reflects the multi-channel and time-consuming nature of event management as a total of interrelated impact tools and processes. The author used a systematic and structural-functional approach to conceptualize the social and communicative mechanism in event management. The result was verified against practical approaches specified by the local expert community of event managers. The paper describes the structure of the event-communicative mechanism, including influencing, input-conditioning, and output-correction. The research revealed an additional socio-communicative component, which is based on the properties of reference influence. The goal-setting tools proved to depend on the process in particular or their sets. Instrumental material / information technologies were classified in accordance with the social or communicative components and stages. The concept verification revealed a lack of actual managerial control and coordination of social and self-management processes.
Metamorphoses of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Donetsk People’s Republic Modern Territory
Authors: Vasilenko Valeriy , Vasilenko Dmitriy
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to summarize the existing development experience of the Donetsk People’s Republic in the context of the administrative and territorial structure’s formation and improvement. The authors summarize the existing experience of administrative and territorial division, highlight the most characteristic features of possible transformations, and substantiate the need for early implementation of federal legislation into the current activities of state and local government bodies using logical, comparative, descriptive, and cartographic methods, as well as the method of analogies. The article identifies patterns of the administrative-territorial arrangement transformation in specific historical conditions, establishes cause-and-effect relationships between transformations in social production and changes in territorial development, distinguishes individual economic interest groups that generate contradictions in public relations, identifies the concentration factors for public production facilities in certain territories, visualizes the results of administrative boundaries administrative-territorial entities’ structure changes using maps. The article describes the chronology of transformations in the structure of administrative-territorial units over more than 100 years of Donbass’s existence in modern history. The Soviet period (1917–1991) is characterized by changes in administrative boundaries and the structure of administrative-territorial entities. The Ukrainian period (1991–2014) is distinguished by the intensified tension between local governments and central authorities, management. The period of statehood (2014–2022) is characterized by the completion of preparatory work preceding the entry of the Donetsk People’s Republic into the Russian Federation.
Traditional Russian spiritual and moral values in the context of modern legal policy
Authors: Chuychenko Konstantin A. ,   Ministry of Justice of Russian Federation, Kropachev Nikolay M. , Kondurov Viacheslav E. ,   St. Petersburg State University,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: July 2024

This article is dedicated to the study of the legal nature of the Fundamentals of State Policy for the Preservation and Strengthening of Traditional Russian Spiritual and Moral Values, to determine the role and influence of this strategic planning document on the legal system of the Russian Federation. The authors conclude that the mentioned Fundamentals of State Policy is a political and legal act, which, due to the specific nature of the values it establishes, has a special legal significance in the legislative system of Russia. Firstly, from a formal point of view, the Fundamentals of State Policy differs from many other strategic documents in that it was approved by a decree of the President of the Russian Federation, who, in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, is empowered to determine the directions of the country’s foreign and domestic policy. Second, from a substantive point of view, this strategic act appeals to values that are prior in importance and nature even to the constitutional act itself. Accordingly, they were not established by the strategic document, but were merely expressed by it. Due to the legal form, these values have been given additional tools for protection and implementation. Because of the fundamental nature of traditional values, their integral incorporation into social practices requires the broad involvement of civil society and its institutions, especially universities and research centers.
Predictors of Mortality Following Mitral Valve Replacement: A SystematicReview
Authors: Abuawad Husam , AlShatnawi Mohammad , Shawashreh Rzan , Attarakih Maya , AlHarbi Mahmoud , AlShebli Eman , Twaissi Husam , Sunoqrot Mohammad
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Valvular heart diseases are some of the most common causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. The mitral valve is estimated to
be the cause of 15% of deaths in heart valve disease. Mitral valve dysfunction can be treated with a variety of operative options, one of whichis
mitral valve replacement. Although it is less desirable than repair, in some situations, it is the only viable option. Thus, we conducted this
systematic review to help guide future risk assessment for mitral valve replacement patients and help in the construction of pre-operative risk
assessment tools.

Methods:

This is a systematic review of original articles discussing the topic of predictors of mortality for patients undergoing mitral valve replacement
surgery. A systematic search was conducted via independent researchers across a number of databases, starting with PubMed databases utilizing its
MeSH database, followed by a complementary search through Google Scholar.

Results:

In total, 27 original articles were included in a collective cohort of 145005 patients. Older age was the most commonly cited variable as a mortality
predictor, followed by decreased left ventricular ejection fraction. EuroSCORE is a well-known scoring system that predicts in-hospital mortality
following major cardiac surgeries. It was found that it overestimated mortality greatly, while another study found that the revised EuroSCORE II
system was a better predictor of mortality. Overall, we note that both versions usually overestimate mortality.

Conclusion:

There seems to be an overall agreement over several factors, including older age, decreased ejection fraction, and the expertise of the surgeon and
the institution on being clear predictors of postoperative mortality. There is also an obvious need for new tools to better predict mortality rates
preoperatively, as the currently used scores often result in greatly inaccurate predictions
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Recombinant L-asparaginase: PEGylation with Low Molecular Weight Polyethylene Glycol, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, In vitro and In vivo Serum half-life and Biochemical Characterization
Authors: Alshamy Rawan , El-Nikhely Nefertiti , Nematalla Hisham , Elkewedi Mohamed , Mahran Eman Abdallah , Saeed Hesham
Published: July 2024

Background:

Microbial L-asparaginase (L-ASNase, EC 3.5.1.1) is a pivotal biopharmaceutical
drug-protein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the non-essential amino acid L-asparagine
(L-Asn) into L-aspartic acid (L-Asp) and ammonia , resulting in deplenishing the cellular L-Asn
pool, which leads to the ultimate death of the L-asparagine synthetase (L-ASNS) deficient cancerous
cells.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the impact of conjugating low molecular weight polyethylene
glycol to recombinant P. aeruginosa L-ASNase by examining the pharmacokinetic properties,
affinity towards the substrate, and enzyme stability prior to and following the reaction.

Methods:

The recombinant P. aeruginosa L-ASNase was affinity purified and then PEGylated
by attaching polyethylene glycol (MW= 330 Da) site-specifically to the protein's N-terminus
end. After which, the PEGylated L-ASNase was examined by SDS-PAGE (15%), FTIR, and
UV/Vis spectrophotometry and subsequently biochemically characterized.

Results:

The Km and Vmax values of free P. aeruginosa rL-ASNase were determined to be 0.318
±1.76 mM and 2915 μmol min-1and following the PEGylation, they were found to be 0.396 ±1.736
mM and 3193 μmol min-1, respectively. Polyethylene glycol (330 Da) has markedly enhanced LASNase
thermostability at 37, 45, 50, and 55°C, as opposed to the free enzyme, which retained
19.5% after 1 h of incubation at 37°C. The PEGylated L-ASNase was found to be stable upon incubation
with human serum for 28 h, in contrast to the sharp decline in the residual bioactivity of
the free rL-ASNase after 4 h incubation. Accordingly, an in vivo study was used for validation, and
it demonstrated that PEGylated rL-ASNase exhibited longer bioactivity for 24 h, while the free
form's activity vanished entirely from the rats' blood sera after 8 h. Molecular dynamics simulation
indicated that PEG (330 Da) has affected the hydrodynamic volume of L-ASNase and increased its
structural stability. Docking analysis has explored the position of PEG with respect to binding sites
and predicted a similar binding affinity to that of the free enzyme.

Conclusion:

For the first time, recombinant L-ASNase was modified by covalently attaching
PEG (330 Da). The resultant novel proposed PEGylated rL-ASNase with remarkably increased
stability and prolonged in vivo half-life duration, could be considered an alternative to mitigate
the high molecular weight of PEGylation's drawbacks.
Effects of PCSK9 Inhibitors on Early Neurologic Deterioration in Patients with Acute Non-Cardioembolism without Hemorrhagic Transformation After Intravenous Thrombolysis
Authors: Lei Junjie , Fan Qian , Chen Xiaofeng , Li Wenbin , Peng Yanfang , Cai Yiming , Liu Xudong , Liu Chenhao , Zhang Lei
Published: July 2024

Background:

END (Early Neurologic Deterioration) significantly elevates the risk of
morbidity and mortality. While numerous studies have investigated END following hemorrhagic
transformation post-thrombolysis in acute cerebral infarction research on END without hemorrhagic
transformations in patients with acute cerebral infarction due to non-cardiogenic embolism remains
scarce.

Aim:

This study aimed to elucidate the impact of PCSK9 inhibitors on early neurological deterioration
(END) in patients with acute non-cardioembolism cerebral infarction without hemorrhagic
transformation post-intravenous thrombolysis. Additionally it aimed to identify risk factors associated
with END in patients suffering from this type of stroke.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of PCSK9 inhibitors on early
neurologic deterioration (END) in patients with acute non-cardiogenic cerebral infarction without
hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis and identify associated risk factors for
END in this patient population.

Methods:

In this retrospective case-control study the data of consecutive patients who underwent
intravenous thrombolysis after AIS (acute ischemic stroke) without hemorrhagic transformation
during hospitalization at the Stroke Center of The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
between January 2018 to February 2023 were retrieved and assessed. An increase of >2 in the
National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) within 7 days after admission was defined as
END.

Results:

This study included 250 patients (56 males 22.4%) they were 63.34±12.901 years old.
There were 41 patients in the END group and 209 in the non-END group. The usage rate of PCSK9
inhibitors was significantly different between the END group and non-END group (29.268%
vs 58.852% P<0.001). The White blood cell count (WBC) and homocysteine levels showed a significant
difference between the two groups (all P<0.05). Patients not using PCSK9 inhibitors
(OR=0.282 95%CI: 0.127-0.593) and white blood cell count (OR=1.197, 95%CI: 1.085-1.325)
were independently associated with END. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis
suggested that the sensitivity specificity and area under the curve for PCSK9 inhibitors used for
END were 88.9%, 80.7% and 0.648 respectively.

Conclusion:

The use of PCSK9 inhibitors can reduce the incidence of early neurological deterioration
in patients with acute non-cardioembolism and non-hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous
thrombolysis.
Household Production of Cookies from Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) with a Low Glycaemic Index in Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Camara Fatoumata , Coulibaly Wahauwouele Hermann , Sakia Mian Tano Marie-Ange , Ahoussi Koua Jean-Brice , Coulibaly Salimata , Varadarajan Vijayakumar , Diguta Camelia , Matei Florentina
Published: July 2024

Background:

In Côte d’Ivoire, sorghum was most commonly used to produce beer.
However, the population must focus on other sorghum uses. Sorghum possesses numerous
health and nutritional benefits that must be explored, such as its involvement in diabetes management
and prevention. Globally, the prevalence of diabetes is rising. Understanding the glycemic
index (GI) is crucial for managing and preventing it. The GI gauges how quickly or
slowly blood glucose rises in response to a meal.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate the glycemic index (GI) of sorghum household
cookies.

Methods:

The macro- and micronutrients and phytochemical compounds content of sorghum cookies
have been determined. Microbiological analysis of sorghum cookies during storage at room
temperature has been carried out by spoilage germ and pathogenic germ enumeration. The glycaemic
index (GI) of sorghum cookies has been investigated by the blood sugar response method.

Results:

In this study, the results showed that the sorghum-based biscuit has an energy value of
515.655 ± 0.5 Kcal/GMS due to its carbohydrate content of 54.95 ± 0.028%, fat content of
30.05 ± 0.05%, and protein content of 6.34 ± 0.0141%. It also contains minerals such as sodium
(3.21 ± 0.014 mg), phosphorus (14 ± 0.41 g), and calcium (122 ± 5.65 mg). The phenolic compound
content was: total phenols 2756.72 ± 294.5 μg EAG/gMS, flavonoids 497.29 ± 13.016
μg EQ/gMS, and condensed tannins 651.59 ± 199.429 μg EC/gMS. The glycaemic index of
household cookies made from sorghum was investigated. The results revealed that sorghum
cookies exhibited a low glycaemic index of 40.82%, which is less than 55% in accordance with
the norm. Also, microbiological analysis showed the total absence of spoilage germs and pathogenic
germs during 30 days of storage at room temperature.

Conclusion:

Sorghum cookies present a low glycaemic index and can be used in diabetes management
and prevention. They are stored at room temperature for 30 days under hygienic conditions.
miR-584-5p is a New Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yang Donghong , Huang Guanbin , Li Haiwen , Huang Jing , Luo Haiqing , Chen Hualin
Published: July 2024

Background:

MicroRNA-584-5p (miR-584-5p) plays an important role in certain
types of cancer. However, its precise role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC)
remains unknown.

Objective:

Our aim was to investigate how miR-584-5p influences HNSC.

Methods:

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) provided samples for the study. We use statistical
methods to evaluate the diagnostic value, the prognostic value, and the correlation with the clinical
features of miR-584-5p. We analyze the target genes and the regulatory network of miR-
584-5p. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) confirmed the expression of miR-
584-5p in HNSC cell lines.

Results:

MiR-584-5p expression of miR-584-5p varied significantly among different types of
cancer. A notable correlation was observed between elevated miR-584-5p expression and gender
(p < 0.001) and histological grade (p < 0.001). Furthermore, high levels of miR-584-5p were
found to be associated with a decrease in overall survival (HR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.10-1.88; p =
0.007), progression-free survival (HR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.02-1.79; p = 0.035) and disease-specific
survival (HR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.09-2.18; p = 0.016) in the context of HNSC. miR-584-5p demonstrated
independent prognostic significance in HNSC and potentially contributes to disease progression
through multiple pathways, such as dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
In particular, HNSC cell lines exhibited a substantial upregulation of miR-584-5p
compared to normal epithelial cells.

Conclusions:

It is possible that miR-584-5p could serve as a promising patent for a therapeutic
target and prognostic biomarker for people with HNSC.
Characterization of Carbamide Peroxide: Stability Studies, and Degradation Kinetics under Isothermal Conditions for Industrial Application
Authors: Pessoa Fabiana Vieira Lima Solino , Pereira Rafael Nicolay , Mendes Cassiana , Silva Marcos Antonio Segatto
Published: July 2024

Background:

Carbamide peroxide (CP) is a hydrogen peroxide derivative bonded with
urea. It is a solid substitute for liquid hydrogen peroxide in the chemical, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical
industries, mainly as a disinfectant and bleaching application. However, it has an unstable
nature, and there are scant studies on CP thermal analysis.

Objective:

This study focuses on CP thermal analysis and degradation behavior.

Methods:

CP was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis,
Fourier-transformed infrared, diffraction by X-ray, as well as, thermal and photodegradation was
determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometer.

Results:

CP was characterized with a sharp endothermic event (88.50 oC; ΔH= -643.20 J.g-1), and
a thermal decomposition behavior in a four-steps process. The pattern diffraction presented sharp
peaks at 2θ: 15.2, 25.1 and 26.0o. The Arrhenius plot obtained by isothermal thermogravimetric
analysis showed a linear relation with temperature in two steps. The first step the activation energy
values was Ea = 45.73 J.mol-1.K-1. The thermal degradation recovery was 3.29% after 5 days,
and 11.31% against 97.4% under the dark control to photostability.

Conclusion:

The study contributed to characterizing the CP and the results suggest that degradation
depends on the surface transition state and the ternary formed system (CP-urea-water) and
that the temperature influenced this system. The data were obtained through quick and easy techniques,
which use wispy raw material and presented a significant result that can be used by the entire
industry in the development of new formulations.
Healthy Effects of Milk and Dairy Product Consumption in the Mediterranean Area and Japan
Authors: Jirillo Felicita
Published: July 2024

:

Milk is a food enriched in essential components for human health. Especially, in the
Mediterranean area, besides cow’s milk, milk from goats, sheep, and donkeys, is largely used.
The consumption of animal milk is an important component of the Mediterranean (MED) diet,
even if in moderate amounts. Milk is a complete food since it contains proteins, carbohydrates,
and fats, as well as micronutrients (minerals and vitamins). Milk-fermented products are largely
consumed in the MED diet, such as cheese and yogurt, which are rich in essential metabolites,
bioactive compounds, vitamins, minerals, and exopolysaccharides. A large body of evidence
suggests that consumption of milk and dairy products does not increase the risk of all-cause
mortality, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, even if some earlier studies have reported
harmful effects associated with their higher consumption. Also, in Japan, despite the lower consumption
of milk than in Western countries, intake of bovine milk is associated with healthy
effects. The present review describes the effects of the various constituents of animal milk on
human health, with special reference to the Mediterranean area and Japan. Experimental data
and clinical trials support the ability of milk and dairy products to lower the risk of chronic diseases.
ADAPTASI KUESIONER RESPECT & RESPONSIBILITY SCHOOL CULTURE SURVEY UNTUK SETING PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Wangi Eneng Nurlaili ,   Universitas Islam Bandung, Rosiana Dewi , Aslamawati Yuli , Nuraini Nanan ,   Universitas Islam Bandung,   Universitas Islam Bandung,   Universitas Islam Bandung
Published: July 2024

There are two main moral values that represent other moral values in forming character in educational settings, namely respect and responsibility. Even though in practice teachers have made efforts to teach character education in schools, currently in Indonesia there are still minimal instruments that can describe the effectiveness of instilling attitudes of respect and responsibility carried out by students, teachers, school staff and parents. This research aims to adapt the Respect & Responsibility School Culture Survey instrument, compiled by Davidson, Lickona, & Khmelkov (2004). This instrument measures the perceptions of students, teachers, school staff and parents regarding school culture regarding the extent to which other people in the school environment show mutually respectful and responsible behavior. Respondents in this study were elementary school students in grades 5 and 6 (N = 1096), parents and teachers and staff (N = 295) who lived in Bandung City. The test results show this instrument is reliable. The validity test also showed that the instrument for adult respondents had 15 valid items and the instrument for child respondents had 21 valid items. This instrument can be used to describe the implementation of character education in elementary schools in Indonesia.
MEMPERKUAT EKOSOSIAL UNTUK MENCEGAH DAMPAK BANJIR DI MALANG
Authors: Ihwan Achmad Sutan Zulkarnain Ramadhan ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Faizah Arij Firdausa Fitratul , Ester Imelda , Maulana Mohammad Ilham , Ilyasa Muhammad Attar , Pratama Novita , Rubyha Raissa Riyantiarifa ,   Universitas Brawijaya,   Universitas Brawijaya,   Universitas Brawijaya,   Universitas Brawijaya,   Universitas Brawijaya,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: July 2024

This article discusses the importance of strengthening the ecosocial concept to prevent and reduce the impact of flooding in the Bandulan area, Malang. The Bandulan area, Malang often experiences floods. To find out the consequences and impacts of floods, we conducted observations and interviews with local residents. Through these observations and interviews, it is known that flooding occurs due to high rainfall, a lot of scattered garbage, and an ineffective drainage system. Meanwhile, the impact of floods includes damage to infrastructure, disruption of community activities, loss of property, and even risks to the safety of residents' lives. In this article, we propose an ecosocial approach that involves the interaction between ecological and social aspects to deal with the problem of flooding. This approach recognizes that solutions to flooding problems cannot rely solely on technical efforts, but also pay attention to human relationships with the surrounding natural environment. Measures such as increased public awareness, restoration of natural ecosystems, and sustainable urban planning can help achieve these goals. Hopefully, this article can provide useful insights and recommendations for the government, community, and other related parties in dealing with flood problems in the Malang Bandulan area.
PENGEMBANGAN CIVIC SKILLS MELALUI NILAI-NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL PADA MASYARAKAT SADE DESA RAMBITAN LOMBOK TENGAH
Authors: Sawaludin Sawaludin ,   Universitas Mataram, Dahlan Dahlan , Haslan Muhammad Mabrur ,   Universitas Mataram,   Universitas Mataram
Published: July 2024

The objectives of this study are (1) to describe the culture of the Sade community in developing civic skills; (2) to identify behaviors displayed by the Sade community that reflect civic skills; (3) to know the development of civic skills that contain local wisdom values of the Sade community. This research uses qualitative methods with ethnographic research type. The results revealed that the culture of the Sade community is characterized by civic skills such as trust, cooperation, responsibility, solidarity, public participation, effective communication, togetherness, and mutual cooperation. The behaviors that reflect these skills include Gerasaq, Reme, Lome, Metajen, Betulung, Besiru, Betangko, and Belangar, which carry values like mutual cooperation, equality, care, responsibility, independence, and education. Additionally, civic skills are developed through internalization in family education, socialization through learning about cultural meanings, and enculturation through continuous learning. Overall, this research highlights the civic skills present within the Sade community and the importance of local wisdom in fostering these skills.
Impacto del entrenamiento físico sobre parámetros fisiológicos, mecánicos y morfológicos en población militar
Authors: Preciado-Martínez Diana Carolina , Giraldo-Guzmán Jonathan , Rodríguez-Saza Freddy
Published: July 2024

Este capítulo compara dos programas de entrenamiento físico militar: 1) el de la Escuela Militar de Cadetes “General José María Córdova” (ESMIC), cuya planificación de cargas está enfocada en alcanzar hábitos de vida saludable y obtener altos puntajes en las pruebas físicas de relevancia militar, y 2) el Nuevo Programa de Entrenamiento Físico Militar Individualizado (EFM), enfocado en obtener y mantener el máximo rendimiento físico de los cadetes y potencializar la respuesta ante el transporte de carga externa, todo esto soportado en los datos obtenidos en las evaluaciones iniciales respecto de los parámetros fisiológicos, mecánicos y de composición corporal. Se concluye que el EFM produce mejoras en la capacidad aeróbica y en la composición corporal, entre otras, por lo que se sugiere sobre el programa ESMIC.