bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Prosopis africana (Guill. & Perr.) Taub. and Ficus mucoso Ficalho ethanolic leaves extract in the control of Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) in stored cowpea
Authors: OJUYEMI Tosin Damilola , UDDIN II Robert Omotayo , AWOLOLA Gbonjubola Victoria , MUSTAPHA Suleiman , LAWAL AbdRahaman Adebowale
Published: November 2021

The study investigated the effectiveness of Prosopis africana and Ficus mucoso ethanolic leave extract in the control of Callosobruchus maculatus infesting cowpea. Treatments were applied at different concentrations (10 %, 30 % , 50 %, and 0 %) on cowpea. Five pairs of newly emerged adult C. maculatus were introduced into each treatment. The two botanicals were evaluated on the insecticidal effects it has on the insect and data were recorded on adult mortality, oviposition rate, larvae, pupae, and adult emergence, seed viability, and phytochemicals present in both botanicals. Results revealed that both treatments had insecticidal potentials, adversely reducing the number of eggs, larvae, and pupae of C. maculatus with P. africana having the highest mean mortality rate at 50 % concentration. Observations further indicated that the botanicals had no negative effect on seed viability. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of some bioactive compounds such as terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponin, steroids, and tannin, P. africana mostly rich in them than F. mucoso. Though both extracts were effective, P. africana performed better in the control of the bruchid beetle indicating plausible usefulness in sustainable pest management by smallholder farmers and consumers of cowpea in environments where the plants are in abundance.
Foliar silicate application improves the tolerance of celery grown under heat stress conditions
Authors: HASHEM Fadl Abdelhamid , EL-MORSHEDY Rasha M. , YOUNIS Tarek M. , ABDRABBO Mohamed A. A.
Published: November 2021

Temperature rise is one of the most challenging climate change impacts that increase the intensity of heat stress. In this investigated the production of celery (Apium graveolens var. rapaceum F1 hybrid)) was tested during the late season. The experiment was carried out during the two successive summer seasons of 2019 and 2020 in Giza Governorate, Egypt. The experimental design is a split-plot, the main plots consist of three low tunnel cover treatments, and three spray treatments with three replicates in sub-main plots. Results showed that the use of white net cover gave the highest vegetative growth and yield followed by the black net. Values of plant yield were 951, 765, and 660 g/plant for white, black and without cover, respectively, in the first season. The foliar application of 3 mM of potassium silicate produced the highest vegetative growth and yield compared to the control treatment. Referring to the effect of spray foliar application of potassium silicate on yield 1.5 mM (S1), 3 mM (S2), and control were 892, 795, and 689 g/plant in the first season, respectively. The best combination that delivered the highest vegetative growth and yield was a cover low tunnel with a white net combined with S2 foliar application.
Style length and flower morphology of three eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) cultivars from Iran affected by fruit load
Authors: KHALEGHI Sedighehsadat , BANINASAB Bahram , MOBLI Mostafa
Published: November 2021

A common feature of eggplant is its heterostyly. Long-style flowers bear fruits whereas short style ones fail to do so. Heterostyly is influenced by some factors such as genotype, climatic conditions and fruit load. In this study three eggplant cultivars from Iran were cultivated under greenhouse condition. The influence of presence of fruit (two fruits and four fruits) or absence of that on style length and some other flower morphological was studied in three positions of single, basal and additional. The presence of fruit, specially four fruits reduced style length, stigma width as well as mass of flower, pistil and stigma compared to the control in all times during fruit growth, and after fruit harvest they increased again. Fruit load didn’t affect the number of stamen and stamen length. These effects were observed in all three positons of single, basal and additional flowers of all three cultivars. Generally this study showed that fruit load has decreasing effect on style length and size of flowers forming after fruit setting, which reversed after fruit harvesting.
Story beats in videogames as value-driven choice-based unit operations
Authors: Mochocki Michał , Koskimaa Raine
Published: November 2021

We present a framework of story beats, defined as microunits of dramatic action, as a tool for the ludonarrative analysis of videogames. First, we explain the Goal - Action - Reaction - Outcome model of the story beat. Then, we present six types of story beats, Action, Interaction, Inaction, Mental, Emotion, and Sensory, providing videogame examples for each category. In the second half of the paper, we contextualise this framework in the classic game studies theory of videogame narrative and player action: unit operations, gamic action, anatomy of choice, and game design patterns, wrapping it up in the most recent trends in cognitive narratology. Ultimately, we present the story beat as a ludonarrative unit, working simultaneously as a ‘unit operation’ in the study of games as systems, and as a microunit of character action in narrative analysis. The conclusion outlines prospective directions for using story beats in formal, experiential, and cultural game research.
Mieszkańcy naddunajskich prowincji Cesarstwa Rzymskiego. Sprawozdanie z konferencji: 5th International Conference on Roman Danubian Provinces – Romans and Natives in the Danubian Provinces (1st C. BC-6th C. AD)
Authors: Kaczmarek Zofia
Published: November 2021

Mieszkańcy naddunajskich prowincji Cesarstwa Rzymskiego. Sprawozdanie z konferencji: 5th International Conference on Roman Danubian Provinces – Romans and Natives in the Danubian Provinces (1st C. BC-6th C. AD)
„Wolny mularz’’ Augusta von Kotzebuego – manifest ideowy ubrany w formę jednoaktowej komedii
Authors: Śrama Marcin
Published: November 2021

This paper focuses on August von Kotzebue’s play “Der Freimaurer” [The Freemason], as a piece within the prolific genre of comedies about freemasons which emerged in the 1740s, and a work which includes numerous worldview-related allusions. In this context, the author extensively discusses the life and the oeuvre of the playwright who thus far has not been devoted any thorough study in Polish, apart from relatively brief mentions in works on the period and writers he had inspired.
Sosyal Güvensizlik ve Kayıt Dışılık Bağlamında Afrika’da COVID-19
Authors: Özkan Ela
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmada Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından Mart 2020’de ilan edilen COVID-19 pandemisine karşı Afrikalı hükümetler tarafından alınan tedbirlerin kapsayıcı olamaması ve toplumsal eşitsizlikleri derinleştirmesinin nedenleri incelenmektedir. Bu doğrultuda öncelikle, söz konusu tedbirlerin hastalığın yayılımını yavaşlatmak, salgından kaynaklanan ekonomik krizin etkilerini hafifletmek ve yurttaşlara sosyal destek sağlamak konusunda yetersiz kaldığı öne sürülmektedir. Afrika’da neoliberal politikaların devletlerin sosyal güvenlik sistemlerini zayıflatması ve kayıt dışı istihdamın ekonomik büyümenin itici gücü olarak ortaya çıkmış olması ise pandemi tedbirlerinin yetersizliğinde etkili olan iki temel unsur olarak ele alınmaktadır. Bu çerçevede iki farklı zeminde neoliberalleşme örneği sergileyen sömürgecilik sonrası Nijerya ve apartheid sonrası Güney Afrika odağa alınmakta, sırasıyla tarıma dayalı ve kentsel kayıt dışı ekonomik faaliyetlerin yoğun biçimde görüldüğü bu iki ülkenin COVID-19 tedbirlerinin toplumsal ve ekonomik etkileri incelenmektedir. Çalışmada, pandeminin ilan edilmesinin hemen ardından hızla genişleyen literatürün yanı sıra uluslararası basına yansıyan haberlerden ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü başta olmak üzere Birleşmiş Milletler uzmanlık kuruluşları ile Afrika Birliği ve bu örgütün uzmanlık kuruluşu olan Afrika Hastalık Kontrol ve Önleme Merkezi tarafından ve ayrıca Oxfam gibi hükümet dışı kuruluşlar tarafından hazırlanan raporlardan yararlanılmaktadır. Bu yolla çalışma, Afrika’da neoliberal politikaların yol açtığı sosyal güvensizlik ve kayıt dışı ekonominin ağırlıklı konumu nedeniyle çalışan nüfusun büyük bölümünün kamu hizmetlerine erişimde güçlük yaşadığı, pandemiye karşı sağlanan desteklerden faydalanamadığı ve dolayısıyla COVID-19’dan daha kötü etkilendiği sonucuna ulaşmaktadır. Yetersiz kalan hükümet desteklerinin de bağışlara ve hayırseverlik faaliyetlerine dayanması ve mevcut yolsuzluk sorununun sağlık kriziyle pekişmesi ise bu olumsuz etkiyi derinleştirmektedir. Böyle bir çerçevede belirlenen tedbirlerin niteliği ve uygulanma yöntemlerine karşı bir toplumsal muhalefetin oluşmakta olduğu ve en nihayetinde Afrikalı devletler açısından COVID-19’la ortaya çıkan sağlık krizinin toplumsal huzursuzluğa dönüşme riskinin belirginleştiği anlaşılmaktadır.
Covid-19, Kapitalizm ve Devletin Düzenleyici Rolü
Authors: Başaran Lotz Neslisah Leman
Published: November 2021

Bu yazı Robert Boyer’nin Les capitalismes à l'épreuve de la pandémie (Pandemi Sınavında Kapitalizmler) kitabından yola çıkarak son on yıllarda kapitalizmin yönelimlerinin Covid-19 krizi ile ne tür sonuçlar doğurduğunu ve devletin bu süreçte nasıl bir rol oynadığını inceliyor. Yazı, regülasyon teorisinin krizler, kurumlar ve özel olarak da devletin ekonomideki rolüne dair analizleri çerçevesinde Covid-19’un yarattığı ekonomik ve toplumsal krize nasıl yaklaşılması gerektiğini ele alıyor. Yazıda ayrıca, regülasyon teorisinin tespitleri, eleştirel siyasal iktisat alanında çalışan diğer iktisatçı ve sosyal bilimcilerin pandemi ve kapitalizm ilişkisine dair değerlendirmeleri ile karşılaştırılıyor. Yazıda, bir yandan pandemiden önce kapitalizmin kriz dinamikleri öte yandan da Covid-19 pandemisi ve pandemiye karşı alınan önlemlerin mevcut sisteme etkisi tartışılıyor. Yazının ön plana çıkardığı tespitlerden biri, Covid-19’un yeni bir kriz ortaya çıkarmadığı, kapitalizmin on yılı aşkındır içinde bulunduğu krizi derinleştirdiği yönündedir. Yazıda ayrıca sağlık krizinin, kapitalizmin mekanizmaları dolayısıyla ortaya çıktığı ve yine o mekanizmalar dolayısıyla çözülemediği irdeleniyor. Yazının temel sorunsalı kapitalizmde devletin rolünün nasıl tanımlanması gerektiği ve günümüz ekonomik sisteminde devlet müdahalesinin istisnai olup olmadığıdır. 1980’ler sonrası dünyada ve Türkiye’de etkili olan neoliberal söylem ve politikalara devletin küçüleceği ve ekonomik alana giderek daha az müdahil olacağı düşüncesi hâkim olmuştur. Oysaki 2008 krizi ve şimdi de Covid-19 pandemisi, devletin düzenleyici rolünün azalmadığını bilakis arttığı göstermektedir. Bu yazının amacı da regülasyon ekolünün pandemi vesilesiyle yaptığı değerlendirmeleri gündeme getirerek, kapitalizmde devletin düzenleyici rolünün ve ulus-devletin belirleyiciliğinin altını çizmek ve Türkiye kapitalizminin gelişiminde devletin rolü konusundaki değerlendirmelere teorik ipuçları sunmaktır. Yazının ortaya koyduğu tespit, pandemi sürecinde bir taraftan ulusaşırı şirketler güçlenirken öte yandan da ulus-devletlerin ekonomi üzerindeki etkisinin artmasıdır. Özellikle hükümetlerin almak durumunda kaldığı ekonomik tedbirler sosyal devletin gerekliliğini yeniden gündeme getirmiştir. Bu da regülasyon teorisinin iddiası ile uyumludur: devletin çeşitli kurumsal şekillenmeler ile müdahil olmadığı, salt piyasa kurallarına göre işleyen bir kapitalizm en azından krizler söz konusu olduğunda sürdürülebilir değildir.
Caracterização físico-química e modelagem das isotermas de sorção de água em amostras de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.)
Authors: Kaufmann Angélica Inês , Cherobin Ana Karolina , Paulino Alexandre Tadeu , Dal Castel Andréia Paula , Galvão Alessandro Cazonatto , Robazza Weber da Silva
Published: November 2021

O caldo de cana é uma bebida refrescante, energética e altamente nutritiva. Devido à sua composição, o caldo de cana fresco está sujeito à deterioração microbiana. Portanto, a aplicação de métodos que ampliem sua vida útil pode ser útil para a obtenção de um produto com propriedades desejáveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a caracterização físico-química de amostras de cana-de-açúcar liofilizadas e avaliar a capacidade de seis diferentes modelos matemáticos para descrever isotermas de sorção de água em três temperaturas. Maior teor de minerais e compostos fenólicos foram encontrados na amostra de cana-de-açúcar liofilizada em comparação com a amostra de cana in natura. Vários índices estatísticos foram adotados para avaliar o desempenho dos modelos matemáticos usados para os estudos de isotermas. O modelo de Henderson forneceu o melhor ajuste para as isotermas experimentais tipo III observadas. O calor isostérico líquido de sorção foi negativo, indicando a ocorrência de reações exotérmicas durante a absorção de água nas amostras de cana-de-açúcar. Foi obtida uma equação empírica para o cálculo da energia necessária para a secagem de amostras de cana-de-açúcar por liofilização entre dois teores de umidade dados. Os resultados descritos neste trabalho podem ser usados para projetar e otimizar processos de secagem de amostras de cana-de-açúcar em aplicações do mundo real.
Al-Cr Diffusion Coatings Processed on a Cast and a Heat-Treated Ni-Base Alloy
Authors: Dalpasquale Alana S. , D’Oliveira Ana Sofia C. M.
Published: November 2021

Diffusion coatings are used to protect components against oxidation and corrosion in high-temperature applications. The processing route and parameters determine the coating characteristics for each substrate. When more than one element is deposited, the number of processing variables increases, as single-step or two-step deposition can be used. With a two-step procedure, the element deposited first affects subsequent diffusion. Under these conditions, a better understanding of the phenomena involved is required, as the substrate plays an important role. To this end, a systematic assessment of chromium and aluminum diffusion coatings processed by out-of-pack cementation on a nickel alloy was carried out. The precipitation-hardened alloy was supplied as-cast and in a heat-treated condition. Three processing routes were used: a single-step procedure and two two-step procedures (AC, aluminizing+chromizing, and CA, chromizing+aluminizing). Characterization of the as-processed coatings showed that the nonuniform structure of the as-cast nickel alloy allowed preferential diffusion paths to form, reducing coating thickness and minimizing differences caused by the processing route. Synthesis of nickel aluminide (NiAl) occurs on coatings processed with the CA route, as aluminum diffuses in a nickel matrix that is richer in chromium, favoring the synthesis of the aluminide. Regardless of the processing route used, exposure to 1,100°C results in parabolic growth of the coating. At 1,100°C, partitioning of aluminum occurs between the upper surface of the coating and the nickel alloy, forming a diffusion barrier.
TECNOLOGIAS DE AEROGERADORES APLICADOS EM SISTEMAS DE GERAÇÃO DE ENERGIA EOLIOELÉTRICA
Authors: LOPES DIEGO MEIRELES , Lopes Alessandra De S. de Macedo , Campos Luiz Claudio Rego
Published: November 2021

Resumo: O presente artigo apresenta um estudo teórico de engenharia na área de geração de energia eolioelétrica voltado para apresentação das tecnologias de aerogeradores. O principal objetivo foi realizar uma breve revisão bibliográfica para avaliar o desenvolvimento das tecnologias de aerogeradores para produção de energia eólica no Brasil. A metodologia empregada foi uma pesquisa a partir da revisão bibliográfica de artigos acadêmico-científicos e documentos elaborados pelo corpo técnico de órgãos e agências governamentais, e demais publicações técnicas a respeito da energia eolioelétrica no Brasil. O resultado do trabalho foi apresentação das tecnologias de aerogeradores, com base nas boas práticas de engenharia, em atendimento as normas técnicas pertinentes e legislação vigente
Avaliação de Sistemas de Propulsão Elétrica - Motor Síncrono Supercondutor de Alta Temperatura
Authors: Da Silva Pinheiro André Luís , Dias da Silva Antônio José , Azevedo Júnior Geraldo Motta , Fortes Henriques Victor Hugo Rinaldi
Published: November 2021

Nos dias atuais os projetistas de embarcações se deparam com o desafio de tornar os meios navais mais eficientes e que ampliem sua capacidade de transporte de cargas, pessoas ou até mesmo aumento na autonomia no caso de navios para aplicação militar. Outro desafio dos engenheiros reside na necessidade dos projetos de motores se adequarem aos padrões de emissão de poluentes estabelecidos pela Organização Marítima Internacional (IMO), que é uma agência das Nações Unidas destinada a promover a segurança marítima. Essas normas são divididas em níveis, onde o nível atual e mais desafiador é o Tier III, proibindo a emissão deliberada de gases que produzem o efeito estufa.  Por esse motivo, torna-se fundamental estudar sistemas de propulsão que englobam novas tecnologias de materiais e que reduzam o consumo de combustível fóssil.  O principal equipamento estudado é o motor supercondutor aplicado a propulsão naval, desenvolvido graças a evolução das ligas de material supercondutor e desenvolvimento de equipamento responsáveis pelo arrefecimento criogênico. O presente trabalho tem como proposta comparar dois tipos de propulsão, a diesel mecânica e a elétrica, verificando as suas vantagens e desvantagens, verificando a viabilidade para elaboração de um arranjo de equipamentos para propulsão que ocupe um menor volume na praça de máquinas e que tenha maior eficiência. Surge assim, a necessidade da aplicação de um motor elétrico mais eficiente do que o motor diesel. Na presente obra, pode-se concluir sobre o aspecto econômico da viabilidade do emprego da tecnologia de supercondutores no motor da propulsão, sendo possível obter um comparativo do custo global do sistema diesel mecânico que foi de R$ 259.270,30 e da propulsão elétrica com motor HTS que foi de R$ 789.014,00, aumento de 300% para a proposta apresentada.
USO DE ARGAMASSA POLIMÉRICA PARA O ASSENTAMENTO DE ALVENARIA
Authors: CARVALHO ANA CAROLINA ABREU DE , Dutra Clézio Thadeu De Souza , Dutra Vinicius Araújo de Souza
Published: November 2021

A necessidade da modernização do ramo da construção civil com novos produtos que tornem os processos executivos mais produtivos, com menor desperdício e menor impacto ambiental, leva o ramo a buscar novas alternativas construtivas. Esse estudo tem como objetivo mapear os impactos na obra com a elevação de alvenaria utilizando argamassa polimérica, já usualmente utilizada para impermeabilização, ao invés da argamassa industrializada cimentícia de assentamento, comumente utilizada para empreendimento similares ao do estudo de caso, que previa também sua utilização.
Finite Element Analysis of Orthodontic Relapse in Different Maxillary Arch Form
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Shao Yiting , Yu Yansong , Ye Yushan , Lu Yingjuan , Chang Shaohai
Published: November 2021

Background: Orthodontic relapse is fairly common; however, the mechanisms between relapse and the dental arch form remain unclear. The purpose of our study was to establish three-dimensional (3D) finite element models of different dental arch forms after orthodontic treatment and to analyze the states of different arches applied with various sagittal forces.

Methods: By calculating the equations of different dental arch forms and combining them with a full maxillary arch (14 teeth), 3D finite element models of square, oval, and tapered dental arches were established; they were designed to be subjected to anterior lingual, posterior mesial, and combined forces, respectively.

Results: The von Mises stress and displacement of teeth under different forces were calculated for each loading scenario. Under the different forcing scenarios, all incisors had irregularity trends, and the inclination and intrusion of the canines were increased, and the premolars had a tendency to buccal or lingual crown tipping or even intrusion in our study. The tapered arch was the most stable and had the smallest displacement and von Mises stress, followed by the ovoid arch; the most unstable arch was the square arch.

Conclusions: To achieve a stable orthodontic effect, a tapered or ovoid arch, rather than a square arch, should be chosen as the final outcome of treatment.
Relación entre los incentivos fiscales y el comportamiento del sector de la marina mercante de los estados parte del Mercosur durante los años 2008 – 2013
Authors: Reyes García José Alberto
Published: November 2021

El siguiente artículo de investigación ilustra la correlación de los incentivos fiscales otorgados a la marina mercante en los Estados parte del Mercosur. El propósito de dicho artículo es realizar un análisis fundamentado en la relación entre los incentivos fiscales y el desarrollo de la marina mercante en los países miembros del Mercosur, durante el período 2008 – 2013. Además, se efectúa bajo la modalidad documental y análisis crítico, debido a que la técnica de recolección de información que se utilizó para realizar el estudio, estuvo relacionada con la revisión de fuentes documentales tales como: libros, revistas, informes, periódicos, convenios, acuerdos, medios electrónicos, entre otros. Dicho artículo de investigación se realizó con el principal basamento de generar resultados producto del análisis y discusión en las actuaciones de estrategias orientadas a la aplicación de incentivos fiscales entre los Estados parte del Mercosur con la finalidad que sirva de fuente de información a personas interesadas y vinculadas al área de la línea de investigación en negocio marítimo.
Innovación, un acercamiento a su concepto, alcance, elementos y capacidades que la generan
Authors: Romero David , Pinzón Flor Alba
Published: November 2021

La innovación es entendida como la forma de introducir algo a un producto, proceso, método de comercialización u organizativo entre otros, “nuevo o significativamente mejorado” al mercado, por lo que es importante para los Países en Desarrollo (PED) determinar el alcance o diferentes niveles de la innovación, en un contexto determinado, y que para lograrlo se debe contar con un conjunto de capacidades (de absorción e innovación) y recursos, para así poder identificar las áreas en que se debe priorizar el fortalecimiento de la capacidad tecnológica.
Data science: an emerging discipline
Authors: Galpin Ixent
Published: November 2021

The role of data scientist has been described as the “sexiest job of the 21st Century”. While possibly there is a degree of hype associated with such a claim, there are factors at play such as the unprecedented growth in the amount of data being generated. This paper characterises the already established disciplines which underpin data science, viz., data engineering, statistics, and data mining. Following a characterisation of the previous fields, data science is found to be most closely related to data mining. However, in contrast to data mining, data science promises to operate over datasets that exhibit significant challenges in terms of the four Vs: Volume, Variety, Velocity and Veracity. This paper notes that the current emphasis, both in industry and academia, is on the first three Vs, which pose mainly scientific or technological challenges, rather than Veracity, which is a truly scientific (and arguably a more complex) challenge. Data Science can be seen to have a more ambitious objective than what traditionally data mining has: as a science, data science aims to lead to the creation of new theories and knowledge. This paper notes that, ironically, the veracity dimension, which is arguably the closest one relating to this objective, is being neglected. Despite the current media frenzy about data science, the paper concludes that more time is needed to see whether it will emerge as discipline in its own right.
Reflexiones sobre la administración humanista
Authors: Restrepo de Peña Blanca , Patiño Montero Freddy
Published: November 2021

Este artículo presenta algunas reflexiones sobre el concepto de la administración humanista, el cual ha venido tomando mayor relevancia al observar diferentes teorías y tendencias administrativas contemporáneas. Para ello, los autores ubican tres momentos diferentes en los que se presenta un breve recorrido por el desarrollo de la teoría administrativa, develando allí cómo el hombre siempre ha estado presente. En segundo momento recogen, a partir de algunas precisiones de carácter epistemológico, cómo la comprensión humanista se ha ido constituyendo como un eje favorecedor de una perspectiva interdisciplinar y transdisciplinar de la administración. Y, finalmente, se contextualiza la discusión respecto a la relación empresa y compromiso social.
Estrategia metodológica para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de las actividades deportivas mediante el uso de TIC
Authors: Sepúlveda Sergio Manuel
Published: November 2021

En este artículo se presenta la estrategia metodológica (pedagógica) para la enseñanza aprendizaje de actividades deportivas, con el uso de las aulas virtuales y las Tecnologías de la información ya la comunicación (TIC). Para ello, desglosaremos todo lo que enmarca este conocimiento y entraremos a orientar el proceso, en el que se ha venido desarrollando nuestro estudio, para poder analizar la problemática que enmarca la falta de realización de actividades deportivas y físicas de estudiantes de educación superior a distancia. Para ello evaluaremos una estrategia metodológica, que contrarreste la problemática frente al desarrollo educativo de los estudiantes de esta modalidad (distancia).
English Accent Recognition Using Deep Machine Learning
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Politechnic Institute”, Manokhin Andryi V. , Rybachok Natalia A. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Politechnic Institute”
Published: November 2021

The article highlights aspects of the use of deep machine learning to recognize the accents of the English language. The software has been developed to determine the percentage of how close audio recordings are to each of 8 most common English accents. A convolutional neural network consisting of 2 convolutional layers, 1 max pooling layer, and 2 dense layers was trained across 2 epochs on a set of 5,516 audio recordings taken from the English Multi-speaker Corpus for Voice Cloning resource. The forecasting accuracy of 89.07% was achieved on the test data presented by 11 thousand MFCC matrices with a dimension of 50×87.
Pedagogical Design of Digital Coursewith the use of LMS Moodle Tools
Authors:   Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Semenov Mykola A. , Krotkykh Vladyslav D. ,   Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: November 2021

Introduction. The introduction of a competency-based approach in Ukrainian higher education made it possible to update educational standards that define a set of general and professional competencies and learning outcomes, as well as introduce new pedagogical technologies and systems for monitoring the quality of education. Changes in the organization of digital learning largely depend on a competency-based approach. LMS Moodle is a platform that provides standard tools for implementing a competency-based approach. Purpose. To research the possibilities of LMS Moodle for the pedagogical design of the digital course and implementation of a competency-based approach in digital learning. Results. At the first stage, the summary of pedagogical design of a specific digital course built upon flip peddles on sequence is provided and a scheme is formed in which competencies, learning outcomes, and forms of assessment are defined. At the second stage, the process of designing a digital course based on the methodology of pedagogical design and tuning is researched, there an attempt is made to implement the course based on the competence approach using LMS Moodle tools of version 2.7 and version 3.3. As a result, a developed curriculum and framework are added to it, which allows observing the implementation of the learning outcomes in a convenient format. Conclusion. The results of the research show that in order to implement a competency-based approach with the use of LMS Moodle, the following requirements are essential: the scheme with linked competencies, learning outcomes, learning activities, and assessment tools. each activity has clearly indicated form, result, support methods, and estimated time. use of rubrics with all criteria aligned to learning outcomes. According to the results of the study, there are differences between LMS Moodle 2.7 and 3.3. In versions of Moodle later than 3.1, it is more convenient to analyze the achievement of learning outcomes for multiple digital courses by creating a hierarchy of competencies and learning outcomes; it is easier to conduct monitoring of the progress made towards the achievement of learning outcomes.
Mechanical properties of superionic ceramics based on (Cu1–xAgx)7GeSe5I solid solutions
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Bilanych V.S. , Babilya M.I. ,   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Korovska D.M. ,   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Studenyak V.I. ,   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Shender I.O. ,   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Pogodin A.I. ,   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Studenyak I.P. ,   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Kranjčec M. ,   University North, J. Križanića str. 33, Varaždin 42000, Croatia
Published: November 2021

Cu1–xAgx)7GeSe5I-based ceramics were prepared by pressing and sintering from the micro- and nanopowders. The ceramic samples were investigated using microstructural analysis. The microhardness was measured applying the indentation method with use of the Vickers pyramid. It has been shown that the microhardness of (Cu1–xAgx)7GeSe5I-based ceramics decreases with copper content decrease at Cu+→Ag+cationic substitution. The compositional dependences and size effects of microhardness inherent to (Cu1–xAgx)7GeSe5I-based ceramics have been analyzed. The size effects of microindentation have been interpreted within the framework of the gradient theory of plasticity.
Thermal annealing ambiance effect on phosphorus passivation and reactivation mechanisms in silicon-based Schottky diodes hydrogenated by MW-ECR plasma
Authors:   Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI, P.O. Box 64, Cheraga, 16014 Algiers, Algeria, Belfennache D. , Madi D. ,   Bouira University, P.O. Box 1000, Street of Independence, Bouira, Algeria, Yekhlef R. ,   Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI, P.O. Box 64, Cheraga, 16014 Algiers, Algeria, Toukal L. ,   Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Materials University of Sétif, 1900, Algeria, Maouche N. ,   Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Materials University of Sétif, 1900, Algeria, Akhtar M.S. ,   University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan, Zahra S. ,   University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
Published: November 2021

The main objective of this work is to investigate the effect of thermal annealing in forming gas atmosphere on the mechanism of deactivation and reactivation of phosphorus in silicon-based Schottky diodes. Firstly, the microwave plasma power, initial phosphorus concentration in the samples and hydrogen flux were fixed as 650 W, 1015 cm–3, and 30 sccm, respectively, to investigate the behavior of different working parameters of diodes, specifically the duration and temperature of hydrogenation. Secondly, few samples hydrogenated at 400 °C for 1 h were annealed under the forming gas (10% H2 + 90% N2) within the temperature range from 100 to 700 °C for 1 h. The profiles of active phosphorus concentration were monitored by evaluating the change in concentration of phosphorus after hydrogenation or thermal annealing in a forming gas environment through capacitance-voltage measurements. The obtained results depict the temperature and duration of hydrogenation, which ultimately reveals the complex behavior of phosphorous and hydrogen in silicon. However, the phosphorus passivation rate is homogeneous over all the depths measured at 400 °C. The thermal annealing in a forming gas indicates the increase in passivation rate of phosphorus as a function of annealing temperature, till the passivation rate attains saturation in the sample annealed at 400 °C. At higher temperatures, a decrease in the concentration of phosphorous-hydrogen complexes is observed due to the dissociation of these complexes and reactivation of phosphorus under thermal effect.
Peculiarities of specular infrared reflection spectra of ZnO-based ceramics
Authors:   Mykola Gogol State University of Nizhyn, 2, Hrafska str., 16600 Nizhyn, Ukraine, Melnichuk O.V. , Korsunska N.O. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Markevich I.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Boyko V.V. ,   Institute of Physics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 46, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Polishchuk Yu.O. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Tsybrii Z.F. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Melnichuk L.Yu. ,   Mykola Gogol State University of Nizhyn, 2, Hrafska str., 16600 Nizhyn, Ukraine, Venger Ye.F. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kladko V.P. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Khomenkova L.Yu. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine,   National university “Kyiv Mohyla Academy”, 2, Skovorody str., 04070 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

Undoped and Mn-doped ZnO ceramics were theoretically and experimentally investigated using specular infrared reflection method. It was shown that infrared reflection spectra can be modeled using the parameters explored for ZnO single crystals. For ceramic samples, it was shown that ZnO grains with orientation of the C-axis along the normal to the electric field ( ) give the main contribution to IR reflection spectra. It has been ascertained that the surface roughness is manifested in these spectra mainly within the range 450…550 cm–1 giving negligible effect for the frequencies above longitudinal phonon frequency. This allowed the electrophysical parameters of ZnO crystallites to be evaluated. In the case of undoped ceramics, the obtained results were found to be consistent with the values of direct current measurements. This finding supports the utility of infrared spectroscopy for determination of the electrophysical parameters of polycrystalline ceramic materials. For Mn-doped ceramic samples, the conductivity value measured using the direct current method was found to be essentially lower than those determined from simulation of infrared reflection spectra. This phenomenon was explained by barrier formation at the grain boundaries in Mn-doped ZnO ceramics.
Reduction of reverse leakage current at the TiO2/GaN interface in field plate Ni/Au/n-GaN Schottky diodes
Authors:   Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India, Shashikala B.N. , Nagabhushana B.S. ,   BMS College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the fabrication procedure of TiO2 passivated field plate Schottky diode and gives a comparison of Ni/Au/n-GaN Schottky barrier diodes without field plate and with field plate of varying diameters from 50 to 300 µm. The influence of field oxide (TiO2) on the leakage current of Ni/Au/n-GaN Schottky diode was investigated. This suggests that the TiO2 passivated structure reduces the reverse leakage current of Ni/Au/n-GaN Schottky diode. Also, the reverse leakage current of Ni/Au/n-GaN Schottky diodes decreases as the field plate length increases. The temperature-dependent electrical characteristics of TiO2 passivated field plate Ni/Au/n-GaN Schottky diodes have shown an increase of barrier height within the temperature range 300…475 K.
Electron transport in AlGaN/GaN HEMT-like nanowires: Effect of depletion and UV excitation
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Naumov A.V. , Kaliuzhnyi V.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Vitusevich S.A. ,   Electronic Sensors Group, IBI-3, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, Hardtdegen H. ,   Electronic Sensors Group, IBI-3, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, Belyaev A.E. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

In this work, we have investigated the features of electron transport in AlGaN/GaN transistor-like heterostructures with nanowires of different width. These nanostructures are studied extensively because of their great electronic and sensing advantages for electronic biosensor applications. We study the depletion effects and impact of ultraviolet excitation on the electron transport in sets of nanowires of different width from 1110 down to 185 nm. We have found significant difference in electrical characteristic’s behavior between wide (1110…480 nm) and narrow (280…185 nm) nanowires and have observed regions related to space-charge-limited transport for the narrowest nanowires. Also, we obtained evident dependence of nanowire’s current-voltage characteristics on the wavelength and energy of UV excitation. External UV excitation allows us to control the depletion widths in nanowires and effectively tune space-charge-limited transport.
Dielectric properties of Shell oil transformer oil with impurities of carbon nanotubes and fullerene C60
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, 2, Nemirovich-Danchenko str., 01011 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kovalchuk O.V. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 37, prospect Peremohy, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine,   Institute of Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 46, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Studenyak I.P. ,   Uzhhorod National University, 46, Pidgirna str., 88000 Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Kovalchuk T.M. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Ayryan E.A. ,   Meshcheryakov Laboratory of Information Technology, JINR, Joliot-Curie str. 6, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia,   Dubna State University, Universitetskaya str. 19, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia,   Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), Alikhanian Brothers str. 2, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia, Paulovičová K. ,   Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences 47, Watsonova str., 04001 Košice, Slovakia, Timko M. ,   Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences 47, Watsonova str., 04001 Košice, Slovakia, Kopčanský P. ,   Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences 47, Watsonova str., 04001 Košice, Slovakia
Published: November 2021

At the temperature 293 K, the influence of two types of nanoimpurities (carbon multiwall nanotubes and C60 fullerene) both separately and together on the dielectric properties of Shell oil transformer oil has been studied. It has been shown that these impurities do not significantly effect on the value of the dielectric permittivity of Shell oil, but more significantly increase its conductivity. It has been found that in the presence of nanotubes inside Shell oil, the dependence of its electrical conductivity on the fullerene concentration is nonmonotonic. The samples with the fullerene concentration 100 ppm have the highest conductivity. At the fullerene concentration 300 ppm, the conductivity of Shell oil with the impurities of carbon nanotube and C60 fullerene becomes almost equal to the electrical conductivity of Shell oil only with the impurities of carbon nanotubes. It has been suggested that C60 fullerene can be used to reduce the electrical conductivity of Shell oil with magnetic nanoparticles required to increase the cooling efficiency of transformers under the action of their own magnetic field.
Structure and electrical resistance of the passivating ZnSe layer on Ge
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Maslov V.P. , Fedorenko A.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kladko V.P. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Gudymenko O.Yo. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Bozhko K.M. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 37, prosp. Peremohy, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Zashchepkina N.M. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 37, prosp. Peremohy, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

In this article, we have considered the p-i-n Ge photodetector with ZnSe passivating layer. Passivation layer needs to be protected photodetector from dust, rain drops and other external influences. However, this passivation layer can cause errors in photodetector image. When creating a passivating ZnSe layer on Ge, which is used in p-i-n Ge photodetectors, we found two additional phases GeSe and GeSe2 that do not contradict with their state diagram. The above phases can have an essential effect on performances of the passivating layer. Therefore, to study the electrical resistance of this layer, we prepared model samples of layers containing the GeSe and GeSe2 with the thickness 0.5…1.8 µm and area 1 cm2. To measure the electrical resistance of these layers, we used elastic contacts. The performed measurements have shown that Se layers on Ge have an intermediate resistance between that of ZnSe on Ge and pure Ge, and, therefore, the effect of additional phases practically does not worsen the passivating properties of the ZnSe layer on Ge.
Features of thermal radiation of one-dimensional photonic structures on an absorbing substrate
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukrain, Maslov V.P. , Morozhenko V.O. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kachur N.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

The dependences of the thermal radiation (TR) lines contrast and amplitude of the systems (photonic structure)/substrate on the optical characteristics of both the photonic structure and the substrate have been investigated theoretically and experimentally. As it has been ascertained, these dependences demonstrate non-monotonic behavior, and the characteristics of the system TR can both increase and decrease depending on the ratio of individual optical parameters of the system components. The results of theoretical research were confirmed by experimental studies of TR systems Ge/GaAs, Ge/GaAs/Al, GaAs/Au and GaAs/(opaque substrate). The results of the research can be used in the development of narrow-band emitters for the middle and far IR range, which can be applied in the optical infrared devices for a wide range of applications.
Electrical сharacteristics study of heterojunction solar сells CdS/CIGS
Authors:   Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI, P.O. Box 64, Cheraga 16014 Algiers, Algeria, Amar H. ,   University Mohamed Khider of Biskra, Algeria, Amir M. ,   University Mouloud Mammeri of Tizi Ouzou, Algeria, Ghodbane H. ,   University Mohamed Khider of Biskra, Algeria, Babes B. ,   Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI, P.O. Box 64, Cheraga 16014 Algiers, Algeria, Kateb M.N. ,   University Mohamed Khider of Biskra, Algeria, Zidane M.A. ,   University of Lorraine, CNRS, IJL, F-54000 Nancy, France, Rauane A. ,   University of Lorraine, CNRS, IJL, F-54000 Nancy, France
Published: November 2021

In this work, we carried out the study of electrical characteristics with two-dimensional numerical analysis by using the Aided Design (TCAD Silvaco) software for CdS/CuInGaSe2 (CIGS) thin solar cells. Their structure is composed of a thin CIGS solar cell in the configuration: ZnO(200 nm)/CdS(50 nm)/CIGS (350 nm)/Mo. Then ZnO is used for conductive oxide contacted transparent front of the cell. For rear contact, the molybdenum (Mo) is used. The layer of the CdS window and the shape of the CIGS absorber is the n-p semiconductor heterojunction. The performance of the cell was evaluated by applying the defects created in the grain joints of polycrystalline CdS and CIGS material and CIGS/CdS interface in the model, and the physical parameters used in the TCAD simulations have been calibrated to reproduce experimental data. The J–V characteristics are simulated under AM1.5 illumination conditions. The conversion efficiency (η) 20.10% has been reached, and the other characteristic parameters have been simulated: the open-circuit voltage (Voc) is 0.68 V, the circuit-current density (Jsc) is equal to 36.91 mA/cm2, and the form factor (FF) is 0.80. The simulation results showed that the molar fraction x of the CIGS layer has an optimal value around 0.31 corresponding to a gap energy of 1.16 eV, this result is in very good agreement with that found experimentally.
Dark current and 1/f noise in forward biased InAs photodiodes
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Physics of Semiconductors, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Tetyorkin V.V. , Sukach A.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Physics of Semiconductors, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Tkachuk A.I. ,   V. Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, 1, Shevchenka str., 25000 Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

Dark current and low-frequency noise have been studied in forward biased InAs photodiodes within the temperature range 77…290 K. Photodiodes were fabricated by diffusion of Cd into n-InAs single crystal substrates. It has been shown that, at the temperatures >130 K, the forward current is defined by recombination of charge carriers with participation of deep states in the middle of band gap. At these temperatures, a correlation is found between forward current and 1/f noise. At lower temperatures, the forward current and noise have been analyzed within the model of inhomogeneous p-n junction caused by dislocations in the depletion region. The experimental evidence has been obtained that multiple carrier tunneling is the main transport mechanism at low temperatures, which leads to an increase in low-frequency noise.
The Ontology of Theosis: Insights from Maximus the Confessor
Authors: Juurikkala Oskari
Published: November 2021

This article describes the ontological problem of theosis or deification in terms of two dimensions: the relationship between the finite and the infinite, and the relationship between human nature and sin. Both problems are clarified through the thinking of Saint Maximus the Confessor and his distinction between logos and tropos, that is, the constitutive nature of a thing and its existential mode of being. Theosis is presented not as a transformation of the human nature, but a transformation of our mode of being by its healing and elevation by divine grace. Maximus’ theological anthropology explains how the effects of sin should not be situated at the level of human nature but its mode of being. His conceptual distinctions may help to clarify the thought of Luther, at least as it is presented in the Finnish interpretation of Luther.