bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards Next Generation Power Grid Transformer for Renewables:Technology Review
Authors: Agarwala Amrita , Tahsin Toki , Ali Md. , Sarker Subrata , Abhi Sarafat , Das Sajal , Das Prangon , Hasan Md. , Tasneem Zinat , Islam Md. , Islam Md. , Badal Md. , Ahamed Md.
Published: September 2023

This paper develops a technical framework for the next-generation power
grid transformer (NGPGT) for grid renewables. This framework is
structured to overcome the environmen-tal challenges produced due to the
explosive use of non-renewable base energy generation sources. The use
of these sources cannot meet the required electricity for the world’s
growing community due to their availability, cost, and lack of
flexibility. However, modern energy systems focus on the use of
renewable energy sources where the grid transformer’s interaction acts
the essential role in their generation, transmission, and distribution.
The lack of central-ization, local monitoring, interoperability,
authenticity, and precise bi-directional flow may limit the application
of current framework power grid transformers in grid renewables. In this
paper, a new technical framework, called NGPGT, is developed by
introducing some ex-tended features for addressing the challenges shown
in the current-generation transformers. This is structured by enabling
some advanced technical features with the existing frame-work which
includes automatic condition monitoring, intelligent inverters, edge
computing, automatic controlling, and intelligent management. This paper
also illustrates the benefits and scopes of the NGPGT compared to the
existing transformer by assembling essential re-quirements and
obligatory components. Additionally, this paper highlights a few
difficulties of implementing NGPGT in terms of operational,
communication, energy management, and economic point of view which may
enable further research scopes for the researchers.
Bio-positive Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Pollen: The role of ROS
Authors: Stephan Octavian O. H.
Published: September 2023

The concept of ‘hormesis’ is defined as a dose-response relationship
whereby low doses of various toxic substances or physical stressors
trigger bio-positive effects in diverse biological systems, whereas high
doses cause inhibition of cellular performance (e.g. growth, viability).
The two-sided phenomenon of specific low-dose stimulation and high-dose
inhibition imposed by a ‘hormetic-factor’ has been well documented in
toxicology and pharmacology. Multitudinous factors have been identified
which correspondingly cause hormetic effects in diverse taxa of animals,
fungi, and plants. This study particularly aims on elucidating the
molecular basis for stimulatory implications of ionizing radiation (IR)
on plant male gametophytes (pollen). Beyond that, this analysis impacts
general research on cell growth, plant breeding, radiation protection,
and in a wider sense medical treatment. For this purpose, IR-related
data were surveyed and discussed in connection with the present
knowledge about pollen physiology. It is concluded that IR-induced
reactive oxygen species (ROS) have a key role here. Moreover, it is
hypothesized that IR-exposure shifts the ratio between diverse types of
ROS in the cell. The interrelation between ROS, intracellular Ca
2+-gradient, NADPH oxidases, ROS-scavengers, actin dynamics, and cell
wall properties are most probably involved in IR-hormesis of pollen
germination and tube growth. Modulation of gene expression, phytohormone
signalling, and cellular antioxidant capacity are also implicated in
IR-hormesis.
The mechanics of static non-planar faults in linear elasticity
Authors: Romanet Pierre , Saito Tatsuhiko , Fukuyama Eiichi
Published: September 2023

Fault geometry is a key factor in controling the mechanics of faulting.
However, there is currently limited theoretical knowledge regarding the
effect of non-planar fault geometry on earthquake mechanics. Here, we
address this gap by introducing an expansion of the relation between
fault traction and slip, up to second order, relative to the deviation
from a planar fault geometry. This expansion enables the separation of
the effects of non-planarities from those of planar faults. This
expansion is realised in the boundary integral equation, assuming a
small fault slope. It provides an interpretation for the effect of
complex fault geometry on fault traction, for any fault geometry and any
slip distribution. Hence the results are also independent of the
friction that applies on the fault. The findings confirm that fault
geometry has a strong influence on in-plane faulting (mode II) by
altering the normal traction on the fault and making it more resistant
to slipping for any fault geometry. On the contrary, for out-of-plane
faulting (mode III), fault geometry has a much smaller influence.
Additionally, we analyse some singularities that arise for specific
fault geometries often used in earthquake simulations and provide
guidelines for their elimination. To conclude this study, we discuss the
limits of the small strain approximation when non-planar faults are
considered.
On the More Complex Wavelength Dependency of Airy Isostasy in Icy Shells of Ocean Worlds
Authors: Tucker Wesley S. , Dombard Andrew J.
Published: September 2023

The topography of ocean worlds is often used to infer ice shell
thicknesses by assuming topography is compensated by a basal root. We
systematically test the stability of isostatically compensated
topography in ice shells. At short horizontal wavelengths, lithospheric
strength can support surface topography, while at long wavelengths,
buoyancy forces can support topography at the surface and base of the
ice shell over geologic time scales. These behaviors are also seen for
Airy isostasy in terrestrial worlds. Contrastingly at intermediate
scales, the mechanically weak lower ice shell can inhibit the transfer
of buoyancy forces to the surface. Factors such as surface temperature
can alter the contribution of lithospheric strength, decreasing the
stability of a compensating root. This nuanced understanding of icy
shell lithospheres provides crucial insights for interpreting surface
features and inferring underlying ice shell thickness, with substantial
relevance for upcoming space missions to the Jovian system.
Quantification of nocturnal water use and its composition in a Eucalyptus urophylla ×E. grandis plantation on the Leizhou Peninsula, South China
Authors: wang chao zhi , Du Apeng , Liu Siru , Xu Yuxing , Zhu Wankuan , Xiang Wenhua
Published: September 2023

Nocturnal water use (Qnight) is an important component of the eucalyptus
water budget, but it has always been under-appreciated and poorly
understood. To improve the accuracy of water balance estimates and
understanding of the nocturnal water use process in eucalypts
plantations, we conducted a 3-year study to investigate the
characteristics of Qnight and its components in a Eucalyptus urophylla ×
E.grandis plantation in southern China. The results showed that the
Qnight of E.urophylla × E.grandis was substantial and its contribution
(Rnight) to daily water use (Qdaily) was on average 12.35%, with higher
Rnight (14.97%) in the dry season than in the wet season (9.50%).
However, the Qnight was used not only for nocturnal transpiration (Tn),
but also for stem refilling (Re). Tn was influenced by a combination of
vapor pressure deficit (VPD), air temperature (Ta) and relative humidity
(RH), with VPD being the dominant driver. Based on this, combined with
the fact that Re was closely related to diurnal variations in diameter,
we have developed a novel method to distinguish Tn from Re. We found
that the compositional ratios of Tn and Re differed between weather
conditions and months. However, on a 3-year average, Qnight of
E.urophylla × E.grandis was still mainly used for Tn (58.63%). Our
results highlight the non-ignorability of Qnight and the high
variability of the compositional ratios of Re and Tn, and suggest that
Qnight and its components should be accurately quantified and taken into
account when studying the water balance in eucalyptus stands.
Integrating tide-driven wetland soil redox and biogeochemical interactions into a land surface model
Authors: Sulman Benjamin N , WANG Jiaze , LaFond-Hudson Sophia , O'Meara Teri , Yuan Fengming , Molins Sergi , Hammond Glenn Edward , Forbrich Inke , Cardon Zoe , Giblin Anne
Published: September 2023

Redox processes, aqueous and solid-phase chemistry, and pH dynamics are
key drivers of subsurface biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial and
wetland ecosystems but are typically not included in terrestrial carbon
cycle models. These omissions may introduce errors when simulating
systems where redox interactions and pH fluctuations are important, such
as wetlands where saturation of soils can produce anoxic conditions and
coastal systems where sulfate inputs from seawater can influence
biogeochemistry. Integrating cycling of redox-sensitive elements could
therefore allow models to better represent key elements of carbon
cycling and greenhouse gas production. We describe a model framework
that couples the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) Land Model
(ELM) with PFLOTRAN biogeochemistry, allowing geochemical processes and
redox interactions to be integrated with land surface model simulations.
We implemented a reaction network including aerobic decomposition,
fermentation, sulfate reduction, sulfide oxidation, and methanogenesis
as well as pH dynamics along with iron oxide and iron sulfide mineral
precipitation and dissolution. We simulated biogeochemical cycling in
tidal wetlands subject to either saltwater or freshwater inputs driven
by tidal hydrological dynamics. In simulations with saltwater tidal
inputs, sulfate reduction led to accumulation of sulfide, higher
dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations, lower dissolved organic
carbon concentrations, and lower methane emissions than simulations with
freshwater tidal inputs. Model simulations compared well with measured
porewater concentrations and surface gas emissions from coastal wetlands
in the Northeastern United States. These results demonstrate how
simulating geochemical reaction networks can improve land surface model
simulations of subsurface biogeochemistry and carbon cycling.
Bayesian Inversion, Uncertainty Analysis and Interrogation using Boosting Variational Inference
Authors: Zhao Xuebin , Curtis Andrew
Published: September 2023

Geoscientists use observed data to estimate properties of the Earth’s
interior. This often requires non-linear inverse problems to be solved
and uncertainties to be estimated. Bayesian inference solves inverse
problems under a probabilistic framework, in which uncertainty is
represented by a so-called posterior probability distribution. Recently,
variational inference has emerged as an efficient method to estimate
Bayesian solutions. By seeking the closest approximation to the
posterior distribution within any chosen family of distributions,
variational inference yields a fully probabilistic solution. It is
important to define expressive variational families so that the
posterior distribution can be represented accurately. We introduce
boosting variational inference (BVI) as a computationally efficient
means to construct a flexible approximating family comprising all
possible finite mixtures of simpler component distributions. We use
Gaussian mixture components due to their fully parametric nature and the
ease to optimise. We apply BVI to seismic travel time tomography and
full waveform inversion, comparing its performance with other methods.
The results demonstrate that BVI achieves reasonable efficiency and
accuracy while enabling the construction of a fully analytic expression
for the posterior distribution. Samples that represent major components
of uncertainty in the solution can be obtained analytically from each
mixture component. We demonstrate that these samples can be used to
solve an interrogation problem: to assess the size of a subsurface
target structure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first method
in geophysics that provides both analytic and reasonably accurate
solutions to fully non-linear, high-dimensional Bayesian full waveform
inversion problems.
Modeling the Distribution of Iron-oxides in Basalt by combining FIB-SEM and MicroCT Measurements
Authors: Out Frenk , Boer Rosa A de , Walmsley John , Groot Lennart Vincent de
Published: September 2023

Micromagnetic tomography (MMT) aims to go beyond paleomagnetic
measurements on bulk samples by obtaining magnetic moments for
individual iron-oxide grains present in a sample. To obtain accurate MMT
results all magnetic sources and all their magnetic signals should be
known. Small particles (<<1 µm) are often not
detected by MicroCT analyses, but do have a magnetic signal, and
therefore hamper obtaining reliable MMT results. Currently it is unknown
how many of these small ‘ghost grains’ are present in basaltic samples.
Here we aim to obtain a realistic grain-size distribution for
iron-oxides in a typical Hawaiian basalt. We characterize the entire
grain-size range of interest to paleomagnetism, from the
superparamagnetic threshold of ∼40 nm to multidomain grains with sizes
up to 10 μm. This requires a combination of FIB-SEM slice-and-view and
MicroCT techniques: FIB-SEM characterizes the grains between 20 nm and 1
μm and MicroCT detects iron-oxides >750 nm. The FIB-SEM and
MicroCT data are combined through normalizing the grain-size
distribution using the surface area of non-magnetic minerals that are
characterised in both datasets. Then, a lognormal-like grain-size
distribution is acquired for the entire grain-size range. Our dataset
enables future studies to populate (MMT) models with a realistic
distribution of even the smallest iron-oxide grains, which ultimately
may shed light on the confounding influence of such ghost grains on MMT
results.
Comment on “Biases in Estimating Long-Term Recurrence Intervals of Extreme Events Due To Regionalized Sampling” by El Rafei et al. (2023)
Authors: Wang Chi-Hsiang , Holmes John D
Published: September 2023

The ‘super-station’ approach has been adopted since 1980s as a pragmatic
method of improving extreme‑value predictions by grouping short-length
datasets from several measurement stations to become a larger dataset to
reduce uncertainties due to random sampling variation. El Rafei et al.
(2023, https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL105286) analyzed reanalysis and
randomly generated wind extremes datasets and claimed that this
technique can introduce unexpected biases in typical situations. We
demonstrate by Monte-Carlo simulation, assuming the same number of
grouped stations and data lengths used, that applying the grouping
technique to samples from homogeneous datasets does not lead to biased
prediction of extremes. In addition, the grouping technique effectively
reduces the uncertainty and sampling errors that result from
short-length datasets from individual stations of consistent
meteorology.
Gravity wave momentum fluxes estimated from Project Loon balloon data
Authors: Green Brian , Sheshadri Aditi , Alexander M. Joan , Bramberger Martina , Lott François
Published: September 2023

We present estimates of gravity wave momentum fluxes calculated from
Project Loon superpressure balloon data collected between 2013 and 2021.
In total, we analyzed more than 5000 days of data from balloon flights
in the lower stratosphere, flights often over regions or during times of
the year without any previous in-situ observations of gravity waves.
Maps of mean momentum fluxes show significant regional variability; we
analyze that variability using the statistics of the momentum flux
probability distributions for six regions: the Southern Ocean, the
Indian Ocean, and the tropical and extratropical Pacific and Atlantic
Oceans. The probability distributions are all approximately log-normal,
and using only their geometric means and geometric standard deviations
we explain the sign and magnitude of regional mean and 99th percentile
zonal momentum fluxes, and regional momentum flux intermittencies. We
study the dependence of the zonal momentum flux on the background zonal
wind and argue that the increase of the momentum flux with the wind
speed over the Southern Ocean is likely due to a varying combination of
both wave sources and filtering. Finally, we show that as the magnitude
of the momentum flux increases, the fractional contributions by
high-frequency waves increases, waves which need to be parameterized in
large-scale models of the atmosphere. In particular, the
near-universality of the log-normal momentum flux probability
distribution, and the relation of its statistical moments to the mean
momentum flux and intermittency, offer useful checks when evaluating
parameterized or resolved gravity waves in models.
The Symbolic Meaning of Sunlight in Mithraism
Authors: Azimi Moein
Published: September 2023

Mithraism is an ancient religious tradition that predates Zoroastrianism and centers around the worship of Mithra, an Iranian god associated with various aspects, including the sun, justice, contracts, and war. Among its many symbolic elements, sunlight stands out as a central and recurring motif. Central to the Mithraic initiation rituals was the concept of moving from darkness into light. Initiates would progress through a series of seven grades or stages, symbolizing the ascent of the soul towards divine enlightenment. The ultimate goal was to reach the highest grade, known as ”Pater,” where the initiate would be reborn into a new spiritual existence bathed in the light of Mithras, often represented by the image of the rising sun. This paper delves into the symbolic meaning of sunlight within the context of Mithraism, exploring its multifaceted interpretations and its role in the spiritual and philosophical landscape of this enigmatic faith.
The Impact of Oceanic Feedbacks on Stratosphere-Troposphere Coupling in an Idealised Model
Authors: Trencham Natasha E. , Czaja Arnaud , Haigh Joanna D.
Published: September 2023

Stratospheric temperature perturbations (STPs) caused by e.g. variations
in stratospheric ozone, are an important driver of changes in
tropospheric dynamics, particularly pertinent to the long-term climate
evolution of the Southern Hemisphere. However, the impact of ocean
feedbacks on this interaction has not been fully examined. To study it,
positive STPs were applied in three otherwise identical, idealised model
configurations –atmosphere-only (A), atmosphere + slab-ocean (AS), and
fully-coupled atmosphere-ocean (AO) – and the resulting atmospheric
changes compared. In the AO model, changes in the tropics/extratropics
experienced a positive/negative feedback after ~100-200
years, whilst the AS model showed few significant changes, compared to
the A model. Changes in tropical ocean heat content were responsible,
attributable to changes in the Ekman transport. These results indicate
that full atmosphere-ocean coupling should be accounted for when
studying the long-term (100+ years) tropospheric response to STPs in the
Southern Ocean region. Validation with higher-resolution and more
realistic models is necessary.
On Convection During Vb-Cyclone Events in Present and Warmer Climate
Authors: Hamouda Mostafa E. , Czakay Christian , Ahrens Bodo
Published: September 2023

Summer extreme flooding in Central Europe is often associated with
Vb-cyclones which travel through the Mediterranean, then northwards east
of the Alps towards Central Europe. Extreme convective precipitation
intensities scale with the Clausius-Clapeyron relation under global
warming. This study quantifies the importance of convective
precipitation during Vb-events in present and in warmer climate by
simulating selected Vb-events with convection-permitting grid-spacing. A
simple convective precipitation diagnostic is compared against
Lagrangian convective cell tracking. The simple method shows skill
identifying convective precipitation in coarser simulations with
parameterized convection. On average, 30\% of
precipitation is classified as convective in reanalysis and historical
EC-Earth3 driven simulations. This fraction increases to
52\% in a warmer climate under SSP5-8.5 scenario. The
increase is explained by a frequency increase of the convectively active
cut-off low-pressure systems and a doubling of the convective fraction
in the less active trough-like Vb-cyclones, suggesting amplified flood
risk in a warmer climate.
Future hotspots of compound dry and hot summers emerge in European agricultural areas
Authors: Boehnisch Andrea , Felsche Elizaveta , Mittermeier Magdalena , Poschlod Benjamin , Ludwig Ralf
Published: September 2023

Compound dry and hot extremes (CDHE, such as recent summers 2015, 2018
and 2022 in Europe) have wide ranging impacts: Heat exacerbates moisture
shortages during dry periods whereas water demand rises. Climate change
will likely increase the intensity, frequency, and duration of CDHE
events in Europe. However, current studies focus on drivers and impacts
in coarse-resolution global climate models and likely miss spatial
details of CDHE characteristics. To overcome this issue, we exploit a
regional 50-member single-model initial condition large ensemble (SMILE)
at 12 km spatial resolution. Hence 1000 model years per 20 year-periods
provide an extensive database of CDHE and robust estimations of their
occurrence changes across Europe in high geographical detail. CDHE
occurrences are investigated in a current climate and at two global
warming levels (+2 °C, +3 °C). We identify Northern France, Southern
Germany, Switzerland, Southern Ireland, and the western coasts of the
Black Sea with currently low CDHE frequencies as emerging hotspots.
These regions experience a tenfold occurrence increase under global
warming conditions. Apart from Western Europe, temperature is the
dominant contributor to frequency increases. Furthermore, tail
dependencies strengthen in regions with high CDHE frequency increases.
In European agricultural areas, soil moisture shows very strong negative
correlations with CDHE extremeness. Last, our results suggest a halving
of CDHE in a +2 °C world compared to a +3 °C world, highlighting the
necessity of climate mitigation with respect to this hazard type.
Response of siliceous marine organisms to Permian-Triassic climate crisis based on new findings from central Spitsbergen, Svalbard
Authors: Foster William Joseph , Asatryan Gayane , Botting Joseph , Rauzi Sofia , Lazarus David B. , Buchwald Stella Z , Isson Terry , Renaudie Johan , Kiessling Wolfgang
Published: September 2023

Siliceous marine ecosystems play a critical role in climate regulation
and the severe impact of the Permian-Triassic mass extinction on
silica-secreting animals may have contributed to a sustained greenhouse
climate during the Early Triassic, via decreased export of organic
carbon burial and increased reverse weathering rates. Yet, our
understanding of siliceous marine organisms during this critical
interval is poor, and whilst radiolarians experienced the strongest
diversity loss in their evolutionary history and perhaps also the
greatest population decline of silica-secreting organisms, only a small
number of Griesbachian localites that record siliceous organisms are
known. Here, we report newly discovered latest Changhsingian to early
Griesbachian (Clarkina meishanensis - Hindeodus parvus Zone)
radiolarians and siliceous sponge spicules from Svalbard. This fauna
documents the survival of a low-diversity radiolarian assemblage
alongside stem-group hexactinellid sponges. This is, therefore, the
first described account of post-extinction silica-secreting organisms
from the Permian/Triassic boundary, a shallow marine shelf environment,
and a mid-northern palaeolatitudinal setting. Our new data suggest that
latitudinal diversity gradients for silica-secreting organisms following
the mass extinction were significantly altered, and that silica
productivity was restricted to high latitude and deep water thermal
refugia. This also suggests that the export of organic carbon to the
deep ocean and reverse weathering rates were not as severely impacted at
non-equatorial latitudes.
Digital agriculture - technological means and possibilities of digital transformation of agriculture
Authors:   Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Abashidze Giorgi
Published: September 2023

In the last 20 years, the extensive integration of digital technologies has led to considerable changes in all industries, including agriculture. As a result, the agricultural sector has undergone a digital transformation. This shift has become increasingly necessary due to the many challenges faced by modern-day agriculture, such as rising temperatures, changing seasons, frequent extreme weather conditions, low availability of water resources, and decreased soil fertility. It is now evident that traditional farming methods are inadequate for achieving efficiency in agriculture, and innovative methods are essential. One such approach is digital agriculture, also known as smart agriculture or e-agriculture. This cutting-edge method utilizes digital technologies to collect, process, analyze, and disseminate information, enabling real-time decision-making in response to changing external factors. Considering given factors, the paper discusses the main directions of the digital economy that could impact agriculture. It evaluates existing examples and models of digital agriculture, while identifying possible ways to apply digital technologies in the agricultural sector. Based on thorough research, the final section of the paper offers practical recommendations that can serve as useful tools for developing countries as they transition towards the digital transformation of agriculture. The research findings make it clear that digital technologies have become a critical component of modern-day agricultural activities. Without their integration, it would be impossible to sustain productive agricultural activities, meet the global demand for food, and respond adequately to changing environmental factors.
Copper leaching from the chalcopyrite-bearing MoS2 concentrate by mixed chlorides solution
Authors: Tumen-Ulzii Narangarav , Gunchin Burmaa
Published: September 2023

In this study, the dissolution of copper sulfide minerals by the ferric (FeCl3) and ferrous (FeCl2) chloride leaching for upgrading the content of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) in a molybdenite concentrate was investigated. The effect of various parameters was studied on the copper dissolution behaviour from the concentrate. In this matter, the copper dissolution was reached 94.84 % under the optimized leaching conditions. The kinetics of copper dissolution from the concentrate was established using a shrinking core model (SCM), and the process was controlled by diffusion, with a corresponding activation energy of 18.63 kJ mol-1 at the temperature range of 343?373 K. The amount of copper in the leachate was tested by the inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) and the solid phase was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results of the experiments show that the content of MoS2 in the solid residue was increased up to 88.59 % after the leaching.
Exploring Accounting Research Topic Evolution: An Unsupervised Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Cao June , Gu Zhanzhong , Hasan Iftekhar
Published: September 2023

This study explores the evolution of accounting research by utilizing an unsupervised machine learning approach. We aim to identify the latent topics of accounting from the 1980s up to 2018, the dynamics and emerging topics of accounting research, and the economic reasons behind those changes. First, based on 23,220 articles from 46 accounting journals, we identify 55 topics using the latent Dirichlet allocation model. To illustrate the connection between topics, we use HistCite to generate a citation map along a timeline. The citation clusters demonstrate the “tribalism” phenomenon in accounting research. We then implement the dynamic topic model to reveal the dynamics of topics to show changes in accounting research. The emerging research trends are identified from the topic analytics. We further explore the economic reasons and in-depth insights into the topic evolution, indicating the economic development embeddedness nature of accounting research.

JEL Classifications: B26; M40.
Optimal Dynamic Relative Performance Evaluation
Authors: Hemmer Thomas
Published: September 2023

The theoretical prediction of a negative coefficient on positively correlated peer performance underlies much of the empirical literature on relative performance evaluation. This prediction is commonly obtained from a single period model where the variance–covariance matrix of available performance measures is exogenously restricted to be independent of the evaluee’s action. Using the dynamic approach of Holmström and Milgrom (1987), I study the properties of contracts that optimally condition an agent’s compensation both on his own performance and on how well he fares relative to a peer (group) when these restrictions are not imposed. I show that if the covariance is nonzero, the optimal contract is linear in own and peer performance as well as in their correlation. Significantly, and in line with the preponderance of the empirical evidence, in its simplest and perhaps most reasonable form, the model predicts that the expected coefficient on peer performance is exactly zero.
The Impact of M&A Delistings on the Information Environment of Industry Peer Firms
Authors: Brown Anna Bergman , Byard Donal , Darrough Masako , Suh Jangwon
Published: September 2023

This study documents that M&A delistings are associated with a deterioration in the quality of analysts’ information environment for industry peer firms, measured by an increase in analysts’ absolute forecast errors and dispersion. This effect persists for six quarters and is larger when the delisting target firm contributes relatively more to the industry information environment. Further, we find that, among analysts forecasting earnings for an industry peer firm, those who also followed the delisted target firm in the pre-M&A period experience a larger increase in their absolute forecast errors. A comparison based on public versus private target firms also suggests that the loss of target firms’ public disclosures plays a role in the deterioration in the quality of analysts’ information environment. In additional analyses, we find evidence consistent with this effect resulting from a deterioration in analysts’ ability to exploit across-firm information complementarities.

JEL Classifications: G14; G18; G34; M40.
Tailoring material properties of duplex stainless steel by DED-LB/M and in situ alloying with elemental powders
Authors: Maier Andreas , Rühr Manuel , Stephan Marcel , Frankl Sebastian , Roth Stephan , Schmidt Michael
Published: September 2023

Stainless steels are established in various fields with challenging environments, e.g., offshore, petrochemical, and automotive industries. The combination of high-performance properties and high-value added applications makes stainless steels attractive for additive manufacturing (AM). In powder-based AM processes such as laser-directed energy deposition (DED-LB/M), typically prealloyed powders are used for part generation. By an innovative approach called in situ alloying, the chemical composition of prealloyed powder can be adjusted by mixing it with an additional powder material. This allows the material properties to be flexibly and efficiently tailored for specific applications. In this work, a standard duplex stainless steel (DSS) is modified for the first time with elemental powders in order to systematically adjust the resulting phase formation, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance. For this, powder mixtures were generated consisting of prealloyed DSS 1.4462 and additions of pure chromium (1.0–7.0 wt. %) or nickel (1.0–5.0 wt. %) powder. Processing them by means of DED-LB/M resulted in specimens (rel. density > 99.7%) with ferrite–austenite phase ratios ranging from almost 10%:90% to 90%:10%. Increasing the chromium content successively increased the ferrite percentage, resulting in higher material hardness, higher strength, and resistance against pitting corrosion but poor ductility and toughness compared to unmodified DSS. In contrast, an increased nickel content resulted in an increased austenite formation with lower hardness and strength but increased ductility. This strategy was shown to add flexibility to powder-based AM processes by enabling an on-demand material design for stainless steels.
Pædagogik som videnskabsfag. Replik til Jens Erik Kristensens fremstilling
Authors: Christensen Gerd , Øland Trine
Published: September 2023

This article seeks to elaborate on some of the understandings of ‘pædagogik’ (pedagogy) that we have observed in Jens Erik Kristensen’s article ‘Pedagogy and/or educational research and educational science’ in Nordic Studies in Education (Kristensen, 2022). In this article, we present several claims in order to argue for and be able to characterize pedagogy as a science: that pedagogy as an object of study involves an institutional perspective, that pedagogy is practiced and thus calls for empirically based and theoretically informed studies of pedagogical practice, and not least that the studies of pedagogy, according to pedagogy as a science, are critical in the sense that they seek to examine the significance of pedagogical practice, question its epistemology and make it possible to think differently.
Alternation Code-mixing of Chhattisgarhi Conversations
Authors: Mansuri Shabiya Noor , Kothakonda Suman
Published: September 2023

This paper investigates alternation code-mixing between Chhattisgarhi and English. It is very common to mix English with the mother tongue in several places across the world. Code-mixing is widely found in multilingual countries like India, where many languages, dialects, and varieties are present. Code-mixing is a very useful strategy for bilingual speakers to communicate easily and effectively based on the context. Our focus is in this study of how alternation code mixing takes place between Chhattisgarhi and English by Chhattisgarhi speakers in their daily conversations. This paper examines conversational code-mixing in the repertoire of Chhattisgarhi speakers, and it also finds out the increasing interest of speakers in the English language. Adopting ideas from Muysken (2000), this paper explores different types of alternation code-mixing such as non-nested switching, peripherality, adverbial modification, coordination, left-dislocation, right-dislocation and emblematic or tag-switches between Chhattisgarhi and English. It examines how different patterns or structures are found in the mixing of these two languages. This study further explains the properties of code-mixing, such as embedding in discourse, doubling, flagging, and dummy insertion in relation to code-mixing of Chhattisgarhi conversations.
Оценка эффективности автомобильных ПБ 1960-2023гг.
Authors: юскаев юрий
Published: September 2023

В данной работе проведено исследование работ в которых отображены мировые данные по эффективности ПБ с 1960-2023гг.

При этом данные в предлагаемом исследовании были отсортированы по следующим критериям : общая эффективность т.е насколько эффективны ПБ без указания были ли применены РБ или нет то есть это максимально общая не детальная оценка применения ПБ в реальных ДТП экспериментальных расчетах. Следующая таблица отображает данные эффективности ПБ без применения РБ, затем показаны публикации и результаты эффективности ПБ совместно с РБ . И заключительная таблица эффективность работы ПБ по шкале AIS-MAIS. Проведенные исследования показали: что вопреки ожиданию авторов нет линейной корреляции по эффективности ПБ с временем проведения исследования хотя в конструкции ПБ вносились многочисленные изменения направленные на искоренение недостатков и поиск различных улучшений. Результат данного исследования заключается в первую очередь в изменчивости человеческого организма и множестве переменных влияющих на результат ДТП при условии применения ПБ. В данном исследовании приведены только те данные которые прямо относятся к автомобильной травме. Необходимо провести анализ полученных данных с помощью математического аппарата.
Kvalita bankovních úvěrů v koronavirové krizi
Authors:   VSB – Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Economics, Michelini David
Published: September 2023

This article deals with the issue of non-performing bank loans during the time of the coronavirus crisis and provides valuable insights into the sectors, classified by the NACE (Statistical Classification of Economic Activities) system, that were most affected in terms of the quality of bank loans in the Czech Republic. The main objective is to identify the most affected economic sectors in the Czech Republic based on the number of non-performing loans. A secondary aim is to compare the number of non-performing bank loans between data for the Czech Republic and the European Union. The article begins by describing the development of the Covid-19 pandemic and the measures and compensations implemented by the government of the Czech Republic. It then defines non-performing bank loans and presents an overview of the number of non-performing bank loans in the Czech Republic as a whole. The results and discussion section delves into the detailed analysis of non-performing bank loans according to the mentioned NACE classification. The data used to achieve the stated objectives were sourced from the European Banking Authority and were compared and visualized in graphs. The most affected sector in both the Czech Republic and the European Union was found to be Sector I - Accommodation, Food Service Activities, and Hospitality.
Strategické marketingové plánování Chrámu chmele a piva
Authors:   Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, Fakulta ekonomická, Kochová Eliška , Hommerová Dita ,   Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, Fakulta ekonomická
Published: September 2023

The article draws attention to the importance of marketing communication of non-profit organizations and is an example from practice of the strategic concept of marketing mix tools. It deals with the creation of a strategic marketing plan for the non-profit organization Hop and Beer Temple in Žatec, which provides services in the field of tourism. Several research methods were used to prepare the strategic marketing plan, observation, interviews and desk research were carried out. The output of the plan is the determination of the vision and mission for the organization Hop and Beer Temple, as well as the definition of strategic and partial goals, organizational strategy and action plans for the year 2022. At the end, an evaluation of the success of these steps is carried out. The presented article serves as a case study of the strategic concept of marketing mix tools for non-profit organizations. At the level of strategic marketing planning, it is necessary to take into account all aspects of the external and internal environment that affect not only marketing communication, but also other economic or personnel processes in the organization. Non-profit organizations also need to use adequate marketing tools and management principles to stay on the market, despite the fact that their goal is not primarily profit. The non-profit organization was appropriately chosen, as it is an example of an organization that also realizes secondary economic activity (supplementary activity).
Kultura innowacji a innowacyjność przedsiębiorstw: uwarunkowania i pomiar
Authors: Strychalska-Rudzewicz Anna , Sobol Dorota
Published: September 2023

Innowacyjność przedsiębiorstw, rozumiana jako zdolność i skłonność podmiotów do kreowania innowacji, jest warunkowana wieloma czynnikami, zarówno o charakterze zewnętrznym, jak i wewnętrznym. Bardzo ważnym i wciąż niedocenianym przez przedsiębiorców w Polsce czynnikiem decydującym o zdolności do tworzenia innowacji jest kultura organizacyjna sprzyjająca wdrażaniu nowości, określana również mianem kultury innowacji. Można uznać, że kultura organizacyjna, kładąca nacisk na zdolność do stałego dostosowywania się pracowników do nowych warunków otoczenia, wzbudzania kreatywności pracowników i wdrażania innowacji, wiedzie do większej innowacyjności przedsiębiorstw, zaś finalnie do osiągania sukcesu rynkowego przez podmioty gospodarcze. W zamierzeniu autorek celem monografii jest identyfikacja i ocena elementów kultury innowacji warunkujących innowacyjność przedsiębiorstw. Zastosowana w badaniach empirycznych triangulacja metod badawczych miała na celu bogatsze i pełniejsze poznanie z różnych perspektyw badanych zależności. Rezultaty przeprowadzonych badań potwierdziły, że istnieje zależność między kulturą innowacji a innowacyjnością przedsiębiorstw. Wszystkie analizowane czynniki kultury decydują o innowacyjności przedsiębiorstw. Rezultaty te stanowią podstawę do stwierdzenia, że organizacje lepsze od konkurentów w zakresie innowacji charakteryzują się kulturą najbardziej sprzyjającą tworzeniu nowości. Można zatem wnioskować, że przedsiębiorstwa, których celem jest permanentna innowacyjność, powinny stwarzać odpowiedni dla jej rozwoju kontekst – kształtując wartości, przekonania i normy kulturowe, które będą stanowić bodziec wspierający tworzenie innowacji. Książka kierowana jest do szerokiego grona odbiorców zainteresowanych zagadnieniami kultury innowacji, innowacyjności przedsiębiorstw i jej uwarunkowań. Przedstawione w niej ustalenia mogą być – w intencji autorek – ciekawe zarówno dla czytelników zajmujących się tą problematyką od strony naukowej i poznawczej, jak i praktyków, którzy będą mogli wykorzystać je na własne potrzeby, w szczególności do zwiększenia skuteczności podejmowania i realizacji działań innowacyjnych w przedsiębiorstwach.
400 años del Hospital Simón Ruiz (1619-2019). Aspectos médico-sociales
Authors: Vaquero Puerta Carlos
Published: September 2023

El Hospital Simón Ruiz de la población de Medina del Campo comenzó su funcionamiento a principios del siglo XVII y había sido construido y costeado por el banquero que lleva su nombre. Su construcción se realizó según patrones y conceptos nuevos consiguiendo un edificio sobrio pero majestuoso. Se ha escrito de forma muy extensa sobre los aspectos de sus perfiles arquitectónicos, pero hay otros vinculados a su funcionamiento y como este fue cambiando a lo largo del tiempo, de acuerdo a una sociedad que también experimentaba procesos evolutivos. Este es el aspecto que se tiene más en consideración en el presente trabajo.
De la modernidad al futuro, estructuras y profesionales, 130 años del Hospital Provincial y Clínico de Valladolid (1889-2019)
Authors: Vaquero Puerta Carlos , Fidalgo Liliana , García Rivera Elena , Díez Manuel
Published: September 2023

Los hospitales de una población, son punto de referencia relevante en su historia. Su funcionamiento suele ser extenso a lo largo del tiempo y en algún caso su existencia puede ser equiparable a la de la propia ciudad, como sucedió con el antiguo Hospital de Esgueva en Valladolid. En todas las poblaciones suele haber hospitales emblemáticos sobre las que durante largos periodos han sido punto de referencia de la atención sanitaria de la población. El hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, si nos atenemos a sus datos de prestaciones y actividad, es el hospital más importante de la ciudad y que tuvo su antecesor en el Hospital Provincial y Clínico, clausurado para la actividad sanitaria, cuando se inauguró el primero. Entre ambos suman un periodo de actividad de 130 años en el momento actual a los que por continuidad habría que añadir el denominado Hospital de la Resurrección abierto en  1544 para desempeñar sus funciones, que a la vez fue cerrado y demolido cuando se abrió el Provincial y Clínico en 1889, lo que suma un total de casi 500 años de soporte hospitalario de la ciudad del Pisuerga; aunque curiosamente los tres hospitales al que habría que añadir un cuarto, el Hospital de Esgueva, están vinculados por proximidad de sólo varios metros al cauce del otro rio de Valladolid, que es el Río Esgueva.
Alergia a alimentos y a drogas
Authors: Armentia Medina Alicia , Martín Armentia Sara , Fernández Cortes Sara
Published: September 2023

En este capítulo se resume la alergia alimentaria, su clínica y diagnóstico y expondremos los problemas que causa la reactividad cruzada entre las proteínas de diferentes alimentos. Así mismo, se estudia la prevención y tratamiento de la alergia alimentaria y las novedades terapéuticas futuras. Y las preguntas más usuales de los pacientes y sus posibles respuestas.

Seguidamente se sintetiza los conocimientos actuales sobre las reacciones adversas a fármacos, que son muy importantes en la práctica de la medicina y responsables de una gran morbi-mortalidad y costos sanitarios. Este capítulo revisa los últimos hallazgos en la comprensión de cómo los fármacos sensibilizan al sistema inmunológico infantil, los factores que influencian la inmunogenicidad de los fármacos y las respuestas específicas producidas por cada grupo. Se distinguen los mecanismos entre reacciones de idiosincrasia y reacciones pseudoalérgicas. Se realiza una aproximación al diagnóstico de la alergia a fármacos y un resumen del manejo esencial.

El problema de la drogodependencia es también importante en la edad pediátrica y es posible la alergia a cannabis y otras drogas.
Resistencia y uso prudente de los antibióticos
Authors: Eiros Bouza José María
Published: September 2023

Se pretende en esta sesión ofertar una visión acerca de la utilización procedente de los antibióticos como elemento esencia de cara a minimizar el impacto de la inducción de resistencias frente a este grupo de fármacos.
Hipertensión arterial en la mujer
Authors: Molina Miguel Antonio
Published: September 2023

La enfermedad cardiovascular es uno de los problemas de salud más importantes en las mujeres en todo el mundo y la hipertensión arterial (HTA) se encuentra entre los principales factores de riesgo para desarrollar esta enfermedad (Hage FG, et al. 2013), representando 1 de cada 5 muertes de mujeres en los Estados Unidos (Wenger NK, et al. 2018). Sin embargo, su tratamiento y control no es óptimo en las mujeres, por lo que la hipertensión es probablemente el factor de riesgo cardiovascular más descuidado.

Los datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística, referidos al año 2018 (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, 2019) muestran que la enfermedad cardiovascular seguía siendo la 1ª causa de muerte en España, 230,5 muertes por cada 100.000 habitantes; Un 6% más de mujeres mueren cada año que los hombres por enfermedades cardiovasculares. En Castilla y León el número de defunciones fue de 199,8 por cada 100.000 habitantes.