bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Perceptions and Preventive Practices Related to COVID-19 Among General Public: A Cross Sectional Analytical Study from Pakistan
Authors: Tariq Naseer Alam , Awan Bushra Ameer Saeed , Rafie Muhammad , Majeed Sara , Yousaf Hafsa , Tayyab Muhammad , Sahar Seemabia
Published: October 2023

Objective: This research was done to assess the level of public awareness, perceptions and practices using a survey questionnaire of COVID-19 in Pakistan.
Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.
Place and Duration of Study: Study was carried out from the Nov 2021 to Apr 2022 through online survey in Pakistan
Methodology: The sample size calculated with open epi sample size calculator was 345. Convenient sampling technique was used. Individuals who consented and between 15 and 80 years of age were included. The questionnaire included Sociodemographic information and questions on respondents' perceptions and preventive practices regarding COVID-19,including particular inquiries about widespread misconceptions.
Results: Mean age of the participants was 31±13 years. Proportions of males 159(46%) and females 186(54%) were almost equal, Majority 124(36%) were of age group 21-30 years. Half 172(50%) were graduates and 163(47%) came to knew about COVID-19 from social media Significant association between gender and source of information (p=.008) knowledge of specific cure p=0.040, maintaining social distancing p=0.002), wearing masks in public p=0.003, sanitize personal items (p=0.034)Significant association was found between age categories and source of information p<0.05 , received COVID-19 vaccine p=0.021, avoid overcrowding to prevent infection p<0.05Significant association was found between education and knowledge of specific cure p=0.001, wearing mask in public p=0.02, following government restrictions p=0.015
Conclusion: Better knowledge influences attitudes and behaviors in favor of COVID-19 prevention measures. Enhancing public knowledge, positive attitudes, appropriate behaviors, and risk perception during epidemics are necessary for disease control.
Association of Consanguineous Marriage with Sociodemographic Characteristics of Parents and its Impact on Mortality and Morbidity in off Springs: Analytical Study from Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Tariq Naseer Alam , Saeed Awan Bushra Ameer , Bajwa Ali Hassan , Amin Areesha , Zahid Maryam , Ahmed Haseeb , Mujahid Usama
Published: October 2023

Objective: This study aims to fill the gap in literature by demonstrating the significance of Sociodemographic determinants and its impact on mortality and morbidity in off springs of consanguineous couples in Punjab, Pakistan.
Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.
Place and Duration of Study: Study was four months from Nov 2021 to Mar 2022, online on married couples in Punjab, Pakistan.
Methodology: Married couples of both the consanguineous and non-consanguineous marriages who were able to participate and understand questions in survey were included. Sample size of 338 was calculated using Open epi info software. Keeping in view the response rate of 76% forms were distributed to 400 participants. Sampling technique uses was non probability purposive sampling. The questionnaire included Sociodemographic information and questions related to morbidity and mortality in off springs for qualitative variables, relevant frequencies and percentages were determined. Chi square test was applied to determine relationship between two qualitative variables, a p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Total n=193(64%) were non-consanguineous couples, while n=107(36%) were consanguineous. Majority were between 46-60 years of age and monthly income of Rs. 71,000-90,000 Almost one third was graduates=91(30%) and post graduates n=84(28%).The prevalence of diseases came high in children of consanguineous families n=13(4%) as compare to non-consanguineous. There was a significant association between type of marriage disease (p=0.001) and under-five mortality in children (p=0.003).
Conclusion: The children born to consanguineous couples exhibited more burden of inherited disorders than children born to non-consanguineous couples.
Exploring the Barriers to Access and Utilization of Healthcare Services Faced by the Transgender Population of Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Authors: Rashid Zubaida , Mashhadi Syed Fawad , Fatima Urooj , Noor Irbah , Javaid Fahad , Najm Muhammad , Yasin Talha
Published: October 2023

Objective: To explore the barriers and disparities in receiving healthcare faced by Transgender population of Rawalpindi,Pakistan.
Study Design: Qualitative study.
Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted in Rawalpindi Pakistan, for a period of 3 months, from Jun to Aug 2022.
Methodology: A total of 15 participants were selected via Snowball Sampling technique. An interview guide was generated and semi structured interviews were conducted via telephone calls to explore and understand the discrepancies faced by this population regarding good quality healthcare. Each interview was 30-40 minutes long. The data was collected till saturation and then analyzed by 'thematic analysis’ to generate themes and subthemes.
Results: Based on the data, 6 themes highlighting the barriers to quality healthcare faced by trans-genders were identified. The themes were as follows: (1) Structural, (2) Financial, (3) Social, (4) Cognitive, (5) Educational, and (6) Religious/Cultural.
Conclusion: The healthcare barriers identified were mainly financial as certain services were costly, religious beliefs which influenced the use of services like hormone replacement therapies, social stigma and lack of support, level of education and poor employment. Stigmatization by the community and healthcare providers was also seen. Thus, it was felt that there were limited awareness campaigns to empower transgender population and for the general population including healthcare workers to be more aware and accepting towards transgender healthcare.
Acceptance and Perceptions of COVID-19 Booster Dose; A Survey among Residents of Rawalpindi
Authors: Rashid Zubaida , Mashhadi Syed Fawad , Rashid Maryam , Viqar Sarah , Tabassam Marya , Tariq Amna
Published: October 2023

Objectives: To determine public acceptance of COVID-19 booster dose, to know about perceptions and possible barriers regarding the vaccine.
Study design: Analytical cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: conducted regarding the acceptance and perception of the vaccine booster dose among the residents of Rawalpindi Pakistan. The duration of study was 3 months i.e. from Jun till Aug 2022
Methodology: The sample size was 320 and collected using convenient sampling technique. The study included residents of Rawalpindi between ages 18 and 65. Google forms based on Health Belief Model were used for data collection. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 28 and summary statistics were produced using frequencies, percentages and mean. Chi-square test was also used to determine associations between categorical variables.
Results: The results revealed that 74% of the participants’ primary reason for getting booster dose was their own safety while major barrier to booster dose vaccination was side effects related to vaccine - 62%. 81.3% people were willing to get the booster dose and 87.9% people agreed to receive booster dose for free. Chi-square test indicated a significant association between acceptance and perceived susceptibility, benefits and severity.
Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings reveal that majority of people were willing to get booster dose primarily for own safety. However, counselling is required to decrease the perceived barriers to vaccination regarding side effects of the vaccine.
Prevalence of Body Dysmorphism and Its Association with Generalized-Anxiety in University Students of Twin Cities
Authors: Rathore Mommana Ali , Mashhadi Syed Fawad , Moeed Laraib , Ahmad Shahzaib , Mehmood Mahrukh , Abbasi Ayesha , Sajjad Hamza , Dilshad Syed Ali , Naseer Maleeha
Published: October 2023

Objectives: To find the percentage of body dysmorphism in university students, and the association between body dysmorphism and generalized-anxiety.
Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad Pakistan, from Nov 2021 to May 2022.
Methodology: A total of 300 participants were recruited using convenience sampling technique. The questionnaire was provided online via google forms and had three parts. The first part included demographics, the second included a total of 19 questions, and the third part was the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) which consisted of 21 items and measures the severity of anxiety. Frequency and percentages were calculated for descriptive analysis and chi square test of significance was applied to find association between body dysmorphism and general anxiety. Analysis was done via IBM SPSS v 25.
Results: Out of 300 participants, body dysmorphia was detected in 35(11.7%), 16(45.7%) were males, and 19(54.3%) were females. Amongst the 35 participants with dysmorphism, 13(37.1%) had low anxiety, 10(28.5%) had moderate anxiety, and 12(34.3%) had potentially concerning levels of anxiety. There was a significant association between body dysmorphism and anxiety (p-value< 0.00). The frequency of body dysmorphism was greater among participants who were single, undergraduate and had 3-7 hours of phone usage daily.
Conclusion: A significant proportion of students (11.7%) were suffering from body dysmorphia. There was no association between body dysmorphism and gender however male was found to be as much concerned about their bodies as females.Anxiety and Body dysmorphism were strongly associated however it can’t be assessed which precedes which.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Related to Sun Exposure among University Students of Rawalpindi and Islamabad
Authors: Shahzad Asima , Mashhadi Syed Fawad , Khan Usama , Shafqat Noraiz , Ali Ahmer , Ghazanfar Hira , Noor Hafsa , Amir Haleema
Published: October 2023

Objective: To assess the knowledge and attitude towards sun exposure related practices among university students of twin cities.
Study Design: Quantitative analytical cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: A Quantitative analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in the university students of Rawalpindi and Islamabad Pakistan, from Jan till Apr 2022.
Methodology: Total participants were 317. Participants were university students, who were studying during 2021-2022 under registered universities within the twin cities. The data was gathered through online Google Forms. IBM SPSS version 25 was used for analysis.
Results: 42.5% participants exposed themselves to the sun doing outdoor activities for over 90 days a year, while 49.3% did so for 1-2 hours a day. 29% of the people got painful burns at least once or twice this year. Only 20% participants took shelter in shade or used umbrellas, 14.5% used hats. 20.4% never used sunscreen, while 22.6% did, and among them, 44.3% were unaware of the SPF they used. 48% do not like using sunscreen. 65.4% believed sun protection creams were the best way to protect themselves. 81.1% think at least 30 minutes of sun a day are advisable for adequate Vitamin D levels. (p<0.05)
Conclusion: It was found that people does have knowledge about the importance of shade and clothing material, such as hats,to avoid the harmful effects of sun exposure but they do not practice it. When it comes to sunscreen, most do not use it and those who do, do not possess significant knowledge about its SPF.
Achieving Food Security in The Law “Protecting and Developing Agricultural Production in Kurdistan Region–Iraq” And Its Evaluation in Islamic Jurisprudence
Authors: Ahmed Fakher Maqdid , Al-Balisani Ahmed Muhammad Taha , Sulaiman Sherzad Azeez
Published: October 2023

This article aims to highlight a topic of great importance to human security; That is, food security, which is concerned with ensuring that the individual has access to adequate and safe food as a human right; This is because food is the soul of life, and without it, it would not be. Muslim jurists, past and present, talked about ways and means of food security and how to achieve it with the aim of providing sufficient food for the community. On the other hand, the parliament in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq spoke about how to achieve food security through some articles in the law on agricultural development issued in “2008 AD” No. “4”, under the title “Law for the Protection and Development of Agricultural Production in the Kurdistan Region – Iraq ". This research evaluates the legal articles related to achieving food security contained in the Law of "Protecting and Developing Agricultural Production in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq" in Islamic jurisprudence; This is in terms of the extent to which those articles agree with Islamic jurisprudence. The first topic is devoted to the concept of the term food security, its objectives, and its components. In the second topic, the light was shed on the texts on food security contained in the Law "Protecting and Developing Agricultural Production in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq", then the research showed the most important ways and means necessary to achieve food security in Islamic jurisprudence, and then compared and evaluated the legal texts contained in the law mentioned in Islamic jurisprudence. At the end of the research, the researcher reached a set of conclusions, including: What was stated in the law on “Protection and Development of Agricultural Production in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq” about food security, and how to achieve it is a very beautiful thing; The researcher considers it sufficient in the matter, and in comparison with Islamic jurisprudence, it shows that the only deficiency in this law that distinguishes it from Islamic jurisprudence is that it did not pay attention to the ethical aspect of the issue such as preventing monopoly, fraud, and other things that harm that security, just as he did not pay attention to the aspect of worship, which is usually all positive laws; Because it is a human condition, it works to organize worldly affairs and is not concerned with the accounts of the Hereafter.
Alienation and Its Cruelty in The Novel "Riyam Wa Kafa"
Authors: Younus Abdullah Bayram , Amin Amir Ahmed Hamad
Published: October 2023

This research aims to shed light on the phenomenon of alienation and its cruelty in the “Riyam Wa Kafa” novel by the Iraqi novelist Hadiya Hussein. She was able to embody this phenomenon in her characters through the narrative methods that show the psychological dimensions of the impact of some practices on some characters, the collapse of the self-Loss of identity, suppression of desires, loss of rights, and the most important of which is the right to live in peace and security. Further, in this research, the focus has been given to the personalities with psychological intensity of which their feelings, thoughts and psychological conflicts reflect crises, desires, and turbulent emotional and subconscious states. Thus, it makes the method used in this study (psycho-text); the search for psychological motives and the secrets of the inner world of the novelistic characters within the texts of the novel. The study included the following topics: an introduction to the concept of alienation, alienation in the feminist novels and the novel of Riyam wa Kafa, as well as the patterns of alienation used in the Riyam wa Kafa. Two types of alienation were discussed, namely: alienation from the self and alienation from society.
Parents' Socialization Methods and Their Relationship with Children's Sports Practices
Authors: Khudur Muneer Abdullah , Hummadi Jasim Nafi
Published: October 2023

The research aims to identify the methods of socialization that parents followed with their children, as well as to know the relationship between the methods of socialization and the sports practice of children. positivity and mathematical practice, and the researchers used the descriptive approach in the survey method for the suitability and nature of the research, as the research sample consisted of (59) students who were drawn as a simple random sample representing 30% of the parent community, and the researchers prepared a questionnaire form benefiting from scientific references and previous research in this the field, especially those related to the field of their research, where the questionnaire consisted of (15) phrases. The questionnaire was distributed to the research sample after clarifying the required purpose of the research. After that, the distributed questionnaires were collected, and then the phrases were coded according to the nature of the phrase. The two researchers used a Likert scale for the answers based on Three levels of response distributed to the questionnaire phrases, and each level represents a weight for the answer ranging from (1-3). After collecting and processing the data statistically, the researchers reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which are: (1) There is a big important role for parents' socialization methods on children's orientation toward sports practice. (2) There is a strong correlation between positive socialization methods and sports practice. In light of this, the researchers recommend the following: (1) Continuing to encourage the family, especially the parents, to adopt positive social upbringing methods in dealing with children. (2) The need for the rest of the social institutions, especially the school, to follow the positive methods of the process of socialization because of its active role in students' orientation towards sports practice and to continue it in the future.
The Stylistic Structures of Displacement Compositions by Deletion in The Poems of Ibn Al-Mustawfi Al-Arbili
Authors: Awlla Amir Rafiq , Sa’eed Haifa Soufi Hama
Published: October 2023

Research Summary This research aims to study the structures displaced by deletion through the diwan of (Ibn Al-Mustawfi Al-Irbili); It treats them at the level of the nominal structure, the actual structure, and the abrogated structure in a stylistic manner, as the study searches for the omission patterns that the poet (Ibn Al-Musawfi Al-Irbili) resorted to in building his poems, leading to knowing the poet's style in building structures and his dealings with the grammatical elements within them, omitted and mentioned. A statement of the semantic and aesthetic values ​​of this rhetorical style within the text, as well as the psychological motives that led the writer to choose this synthetic style alone. The deletion treatments in the research were divided into three demands, which included: patterns of deletion in the nominal structure, patterns of deletion in the actual structure, and patterns of deletion in the abrogated structure.
Nawasikh Al-Ibtidaa in The Book “Al-Dhahab Al-Ibriz Fi Tafseer Wa I’rab Badh Aiyel-Kitab Al-Aziz” by Imam Abdul Rahman Bin Makhlouf Al-Tha’alebi (Died. 875 AH)
Authors: Al-Halbousy Mushtaq Talib Meheidi , Al-Halbousy Salih Hindi Salih
Published: October 2023

The subject of the search is tagged with Nawasikh Al-Ibtidaa In the Book “Al-Dhahab Al-Ibriz Fi Tafseer Wa I’rab Badh Aiy Al-Kitab Al-Aziz” By Al-Imam Abdul Rahman Bin Makhlouf Al-Tha’alebi (D. 875 AH), The importance of the topic stems from the fact that it is a study in Arabic grammar It shows the places of beauty and eloquence in the Quranic texts when Thaalabi, who helped us to realize it with good taste and sense, especially Nawasikh Al-Ibtida with him, so he intended to mention these Copiers, purposes and reasons for them, he opens doors for us to pick from the stuff From that expansion of meanings to the expansion of linguistic tools that are key; to extract reservoirs of Copiers and Sensing the features of linguistic semantics in the wise Verses of Quran.
Tourism From the Perspective of Islamic Jurisprudence
Authors: EI Saadawi Emad Hamdy Abdelsamad Abdel-Hamid , Saif Magda Kadri Ebrahim Mohammed Hassan
Published: October 2023

This research, entitled; tourism from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence, a jurisprudential study, dealt with explaining the importance of tourism. It’s doubtless that tourism has great effects on the individual and society, and an explanation of what is meant by tourism in its contemporary sense: A group of human movements and the activities resulting from them, resulting from a person’s departure from his homeland, in order to achieve the desire for departure and change, with an explanation of its jurisprudential rulings and their legitimacy controls, and it is permissible as long as nothing changes its ruling, and there is no difference in its ruling between a man and a woman as long as each of them adheres to the legal controls. Human practiced tourism in ancient times, and tourism has now become one of the most important economic resources for countries, and tourism has benefits for the individual, including: the breadth of his knowledge and admonition of the situation of the former by understanding their situation, looking and contemplating the universe, as well as dealing with the motives that drive tourism, which may be religious or worldly, and clarifying that Islam has permitted recreation as a human need. Illustrating that traveling for tourism for recreation is permissible. The researcher has adopted several approaches: namely, the descriptive, analytical, and deductive approaches. The researcher has reached into several results, including: Tourism in the language means walking and going in the land. Tourism is a necessity and indispensable human need. Tourism is not a product of our time, but rather it is known from ancient times. And that our true religion calls for travel and tourism as they have noble purposes that lead to reaching the goal for which he was created, which is worship and contemplation of the universe, and that in principle travel is permissible except for an urgent reason, and that tourism is surrounded by the five mandatory provisions, so it may be obligatory, desirable, permissible, disliked, or forbidden, depending on what is meant by the tourist. Tourism to non-Muslim countries, if it does not lead to a forbidden act, then it is legitimate. Tourism in which the possibility of harm is often forbidden, and that the non-Muslim tourist must be treated well. Based on the results, the researcher made a number of recommendations, including: holding conferences and seminars to educate people and encourage them to tourism, clarify the jurisprudential rulings related to tourism, and obey the rulers and follow the divine scholars.
Requesting Composition Styles of Poets’ Poetry in The Book “Tarikh Al-Shahar Wa Akhbar Alqirn Al-A’shir”
Authors: Ahmed Tha’er Khamis Salih , Abbas Mohammad Nouri
Published: October 2023

In my research titled: (Requesting Composition Styles of Poets’ Poetry in The Book “Tarikh Al-Shahar Wa Akhbar Alqirn Al-A’shir”, I dealt with the compositional method and then focused on the requester from it, so I shed light in it on the commanding style, the prohibition style, the interrogative style, the appeal style, the wishing style, and the extent to which poets came out with these Methods from their real meaning to the metaphorical meaning - for rhetorical purposes - such as advice, guidance, supplication, petition, rebuke, and so on.
On the Intrinsic Value of Consciousness
Authors: ELKATİP HATİPOĞLU Sinem
Published: October 2023

Is there value in the instantiation of phenomenal consciousness? While consciousness seems obviously valuable and life without consciousness does not seem to have much meaning to it, further investigation proves otherwise. Some have argued that consciousness may not be as significant and valuable as it may seem. Lee (2019) e.g. endorses the neutral view and argues that consciousness is neither intrinsically valuable nor disvaluable. In this paper, first I critically examine Lee’s (2019) argument for the neutral view. Then I suggest that in order to critically examine the question of whether consciousness is intrinsically valuable without confusing this question with the question of whether it is instrumentally valuable, value of consciousness needs to be considered as the value present in having a viewpoint. I then develop a way of understanding what having a viewpoint is. Lastly, I suggest that if consciousness or having a viewpoint has intrinsic value, it is of an epistemic kind.
Yapılandırmacılık ve Empirizmde Zihin Yapılanması
Authors: ÇOBAN KAPUOĞLU Eda
Published: October 2023

Zihin insani varoluşun temelidir. Zihnin içerik kazanması ve gelişmesi ise eğitim ile mümkündür. Eğitim bir olgu olarak çeşitli kuramlarla açıklanmıştır. Yapılandırmacılık ve özellikle bilişsel yapılandırmacılık kuramı zihin ile eğitimi birlikte yorumlaması bakımından önemlidir. Ancak bilişsel yapılandırmacılık bir eğitim görüşü ve bir teori olarak eğitim alanında ortaya çıkmış olsa bile, felsefe tarihinde izi sürülerek zihin ya da eğitim üzerine düşünen filozoflarda da bir kökeninin olup olmadığına bakıldığında empirizmle birtakım benzerlikler taşıdığını görmek mümkündür. Empirizmin betimlediği şekilde zihin ve işlevleri ile bilişsel yapılandırmacılığın zihin temelli eğitim anlayışında zihnin iç işleyişi bakımından benzerlikler olduğu dikkat çekicidir. Bu nedenle bilişsel yapılandırmacılığın köklerini, empirist felsefenin gelişim sürecinde aramak onun hem tarihselliği olarak hem de tezlerinin temellendirilmesi bakımından önemlidir.

Bu makalede bilişsel yapılandırmacılık üzerinde yeniden düşünülmesi, onun kapsamının yeniden tartışılması, böylece bu kuramın derinleştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu manada yapılması gereken şey, eğitim hakkındaki temel kabullerden farklı bir yol izleyen bilişsel yapılandırmacılık kuramının ayrıntılı bir analizini yapmak ve buradan hareketle zihni önceleyen iki empirist filozofun düşüncelerini analiz etmektir. Bunun sonucunda, empirizmin betimlediği şekilde zihin ve işlevleri ile bilişsel yapılandırmacılığın zihin temelli eğitim anlayışında zihnin iç işleyişi bakımından benzerlik olup olmadığı sorularına cevap aranacaktır. Aynı zamanda olası benzerliklerin farklı sonuçları değerlendirilecektir.
Caracterización ecológica del arbolado del Parque Nacional Molino de Flores Netzahualcóyotl
Authors: Hernández-López Pablo , Martínez-Trinidad Tomás , Hernández-de la Rosa Patricia , Mohedano-Caballero Leopoldo , González Guillén Manuel de J.
Published: October 2023

Introducción: El arbolado de las zonas urbanas y periurbanas genera bienes y servicios para la sociedad; por tanto, es importante conocer sus características ecológicas.Objetivo: Determinar las características ecológicas del arbolado del bosque periurbano Parque Nacional Molino de Flores Netzahualcóyotl (PNMFN) en Texcoco, Estado de México.Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un muestreo arbóreo estratificado donde se registró la especie, diámetro normal, altura, diámetro de copa, porcentaje de copa viva y densidad de copa. La riqueza y diversidad de especies se calculó con los índices de Margalef, Simpson (1-D) y la regla 10-20-30 de Santamour; además, se determinó el índice de valor de importancia urbano (IVIU).Resultados y discusión: Se identificaron 17 familias y 22 especies. Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., Schinus molle L. y Casuarina equisetifolia L. representaron 55 % de los árboles muestreados. Se estimaron 7983 ± 806 árboles con una densidad de 163 árboles∙ha-1. El diámetro normal es de 26.56 ± 2.33 cm, la altura de 10.52 ± 0.6 m y la cobertura de copa equivale a 48.2 % de la superficie del parque (4819.88 m2∙ha-1). La riqueza (≤1.67) y diversidad (≤0.61) fueron bajas; las especies con mayor IVIU fueron E. camaldulensis, S. molle y Fraxinus uhdei (Wenz.) Lingelsh. con 38.53 %, 13.89 % y 10.62 %, respectivamente.Conclusiones: La composición arbórea del PNMFN es similar a la de un bosque urbano, situación que contrasta con otras áreas naturales protegidas. Hay zonas con densidades muy bajas que pueden ser objeto de reforestación, la cual podría incrementar la diversidad y cobertura de copa que brinde mayor protección al suelo.
Root Mean Square Error of the Maximum Likelihood Estimate of the Parameters of Pareto Distribution
Authors: Cabanlit, Jr. Epimaco A. , Cruz Kimberly D. Dela
Published: October 2023

Pareto distribution is one of the most important distributions in reliability work. In this paper, estimating the parameters of Pareto Distribution is presented using maximum likelihood estimation for different sample sizes. Computer simulation has been carried out to obtain results. Root mean square errors were computed for several values of the parameters. As the sample size increases, the root means square error of the maximum likelihood decreases.
CLINICAL PROFILE OF DENGUE INFECTION IN PEDIATRIC AGE GROUP AT SOCIAL SECURITY TEACHING HOSPITAL,LAHORE
Authors: Shahzeen Shumaila , Awan Khalid Mehmood , Amna Khalid  , Mohsin Ali  , EJAZ MEHWISH , MUMTAZ KHANDA FISHAN
Published: October 2023

Dengue viral infection is a significant tropical disease and have become a major global public health concern. The present study sketches the evolving clinical spectrum of dengue especially highlighting the unusual manifestations. Methodology: Data of 120 suspected dengue fever cases was collected, compiled, and analysed during the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons in the year 2022 at the Department of Pediatric Medicine, Social Security Teaching Hospital, and Lahore. Patients with serological confirmation of dengue infection were classified according to Dengue GCP Guidelines 2020. Clinical parameters were studied. Results: Out of 120 suspected patients with dengue fever enrolled in the study, 48 (40%) had serologically confirmed dengue infection. Out of 120 cases, 68 (56.66%) patients were males and 52(43.33%) were females. 66.66 % patients had classical dengue fever while 33.33% had dengue hemorrhagic fever. DHF grade I/II was seen in  25 % cases and grade  III DHF  in  8.33% The most common symptoms  after fever were vomiting (85.4% ), abdominal pain ( 68.75%),  headache (37.5%), rash (20.83%) and itch  (16.66%). Hemorrhagic manifestations were observed in 43.75% patients. Atypical manifestations were documented in 4 patients (8.33%) patients. Overall outcome in this study was good with no mortality.

Conclusion: Dengue infection has posed a huge burden to the health-care system. Its spectrum ranges from mild self-limiting disease to severe fatal disease. It can have varied and multi-systemic manifestations which can go unnoticed. Pediatricians should have a high index of suspicion for atypical manifestations so revelation of the exact clinical profile is important for patient effective management.
THE CONTINUING MENACE OF EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA LACTAMASE (ESBLS) - A CENTRE BASED STUDY
Authors: Sadia Ikram  , Kokab Jabeen  , Inam Saima , Asma Inam  , Sameen Hassan  , Sohaila Mushtaq  , Muhammad Atif Qureshi
Published: October 2023

Abstract:

Objective: To determine the occurrence of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing gram negative bacteria (GNB) and their sensitivity patterns in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, conducted in the Microbiology section of Pathology lab, in a tertiary care hospital Lahore, various specimens such as blood, body fluids, urine, and pus were included during a period starting from October 2020 till September 2021. The samples having growth of gram negative bacteria were processed further for determination of ESBL production. After isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined for each isolate.

Results: GNB were isolated from 130 samples, among those 46 (35.4%) were labelled as ESBL. The commonest ESBL producing bacteria was E. coli, followed by pseudomonas aeruginosa found in 17.39% samples. In E. Coli, Imipenem (IPM) showed highest sensitivity of 84.8%, other sensitive drugs were Amikacin (AK), gentamicin (CN), and Tazobactam-piperacillin(TZP). For Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Imipenem and Tazobactam-piperacillin showed sensitivity of 75%, AK and CN were 50% sensitive. Against Klebsiella pneumoniae , IPM was 100% sensitive, AK and TZP were 85.7% sensitive. IPM, CN, and AK were 100% sensitive against Morganella morganii. AK and CN were 100% sensitive against Citrobacter species.

Conclusion: It was concluded that, there was significant prevalence of ESBL producing strains amongst Gram negative bacterial infections. E. Coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the commonest ESBL producers. IPM, AK, and TZP were sensitive against majority of the ESBL producing GNB.
THE PERCEPTION OF CONSULTANTS AND THE POST-GRADUATION RESIDENTS ABOUT THE BARRIERS TO THE REPORTING OF SUSPECTED CASES OF CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLIGENCE
Authors: FATIMA TEHREEM , Fatima Hira , Faiza Ather  , Rizwan Farooq  , ALTAF QADIR KHAN  , ZAHID QUTAB
Published: October 2023

The main objective of the study is to determine the perception of consultants and post-graduation residents regarding barriers to the reporting of suspected cases of child abuse and negligence. The data for this study was obtained by developing a questionnaire containing variables studied by another research on child abuse in Turkey (Pakis et al., 2015) which was administered in a pilot study done in Lahore General Hospital, validated and then applied to a population of 108 doctors including consultants and post-graduation residents of various specialities and clinical experience in the wards of various specialities at two teaching hospitals of Lahore. The results revealed that, “Lack of knowledge about the process of reporting” was the most frequent variable reported as a barrier by 80.6% of the doctors studied among whom 25% were consultants and 55.6% were residents with a p- value of 0.00027. The deficiency of guidelines on the process of reporting is considered by the doctors studied as the most frequent barrier to the reporting of suspected cases of child abuse and negligence.
TRANSFORMING KIDNEY DISEASE OUTCOMES; THE REVOLUTIONARY IMPACT OF SGLT2 INHIBITORS
Authors: Khawaja Zeeshan
Published: October 2023

The utilization of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors for kidney ailments has been a story of unexpected developments. The initial study by Rossetti and colleagues in 1987 proposed the idea of blocking SGLTs in the renal tubules to stimulate glucosuria. The development of orally absorbed SGLT2 inhibitors in the 1990s resulted in numerous trials, including cardiovascular outcomes trials (CVOTs) that demonstrated the benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors in protecting against secondary kidney disease endpoints. Trials with kidney disease endpoints as primary outcomes further verified these benefits. These trials found that SGLT2 inhibitors were superior to placebo, with a relative risk reduction of 40% for kidney disease progression in patients with or without type 2 diabetes. The Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation (CREDENCE) trial, the DAPA-CKD trial, and the EMPA-KIDNEY trial all demonstrated the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors in reducing the progression of kidney disease, leading to a significant reduction in the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death.
A case report of gastroschisis: Prenatal diagnosis in primary care settings matters
Authors: Said Abdul Hadi , Md Nor Mohd Zamir , Che Yusof Mohd Daud
Published: October 2023

Gastroschisis may lead to serious congenital disability, as prolonged exposure to the amniotic fluid could compromise the mesenteric blood flow and irritate the foetal intestinal wall. The consequences of gastroschisis include spontaneous preterm birth, growth restriction and foetal demise. Awareness of this disease is essential, as a high mortality rate is linked to inadequate initial therapy. Early detection of the disease, mainly by primary care physicians as the initial point of contact, is crucial to improve the course of the condition through early monitoring and referral to tertiary care centres. With this case report, we hope to highlight the need of detecting gastroschisis before to the third trimester of pregnancy for better readiness, especially in primary care settings located far from tertiary centres.
Una revisión acerca del cuidado de la salud mental en las familias de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales
Authors: González María Aurelia , Alfie Jazmin
Published: October 2023

Introducción: el presente trabajo es una revisión de las prácticas que abordan la salud mental perinatal de las familias que atraviesan una internación en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN). Los logros en la mayor sobrevida de recién nacidos de alto riesgo implican internaciones prolongadas y el cuidado emocional de sus familias. Estado del arte: el marco conceptual se refiere al cuidado centrado en las personas y su expresión perinatal en el modelo de Maternidades Seguras y Centradas en la Familia (MSCF). Se incluyen experiencias de referentes locales e internacionales que orientan las intervenciones en el campo. Conclusiones: se destaca la importancia del cuidado emocional en escenarios altamente estresantes, dado su impacto en el cuidado y la construcción de los vínculos tempranos entre los recién nacidos (RN) internados y sus referentes primarios. Se mencionan factores psicológicos de riesgo y posibles modos de abordaje. Se plantean acciones de promoción, prevención y asistencia en este contexto.
Membangun Minat Masyarakat Desa Cibenda Terhadap Pendidikan Untuk Generasi Selanjutnya
Authors: Dhea Ayu Septiani  , E. Tesly Navida  , Gina Purnama Insany  , Ivana Lucia Kharisma  , Resma Nuraeni  , Widy Karisma
Published: October 2023

Kuliah Kerja Nyata merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang wajib dilakukan di Universitas Nusa Putra yang dilaksanakan oleh mahasiswa/i guna untuk memenuhi standar kebutuhan syarat lulus dari Universitas Nusa Putra. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat mendorong minat masyarakat desa Cibenda terhadap pengetahuan teknologi digital, pentingnya penghijauan dan cara mengkreasikan seni agar menciptakan generasi yang lebih baik lagi untuk selanjutnya. Kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata ini bekerja sama antara Universitas Nusa Putra dan desa Cibenda yang bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan segala macam bentuk kegiatan guna dapat dijalankan di kehidupan selanjutnya agar tidak tertinggal era karna dampak Globalisasi. Kegiatan ini di landaskan pengetahuan dan pengalaman yang akan di dapatkan oleh mahasiswa Universitas Nusa Putra khususnya desa Cibenda mengenai kegiatan yang akan dilaksanakan
Peningkatan Kinerja Guru Pendidikan Agama Katolik melalui Pelaksanaan Supervisi Akademik oleh Kepala Sekolah di SD Swasta Katolik Delitua
Authors: Manalu Sherly Yasinta , Lumbanbatu Johannes Sohirimon
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan karena adanya kekhawatiran terhadapsupervisi akademik Kepala Sekolah yang hanya dilakukan secaraformalitas saja sehingga mempengaruhi kualitas kinerja mengajarguru. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untukmengetahui proses pelaksanaan supervisi akademik yangdilakukan Kepala Sekolah dan mengetahui peningkatan kinerjaguru Pendidikan Agama Katolik melalui pelaksanaan supervisiakademik yang lebih efektif oleh Kepala Sekolah. Metode yangdigunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan supervisi akademikyang baik oleh Kepala Sekolah dapat meningkatkan kinerja guru,terutama dalam hal perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasipembelajaran. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah ditemukannyahal-hal yang berada di luar dari instrumen penilaian yangditetapkan pada saat observasi supervisi berlangsung. Di siniKepala Sekolah mengarahkan guru untuk menemukankekurangannya sendiri dan Kepala Sekolah membimbing guruuntuk memperbaiki kekurangan dan kelemahan tersebut. Adajuga terdapat temuan yang lain yaitu bagusnya kinerja gurudengan mengupayakan peserta didik untuk selalu berpikir secarakritis dan kreatif. Hal ini semakin meningkatkan kualitaspembelajaran di kelas. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalahbahwa supervisi akademik Kepala Sekolah memiliki dampakpositif bagi guru. Melalui supervisi tersebut, guru dapatmempersiapkan diri dan meningkatkan kinerjanya. Dengan demikian, guru dapat mengalami perubahan yang lebih baiksetelah mendapatkan bimbingan dan pelatihan melalui supervisi
Unveiling Gender Biases: A Critical Analysis of Gender Representation in ESL Textbooks Prescribed by Punjab Textbook Board
Authors: Ahmad Khalil , Khan Rabia , Iqbal Fizzah
Published: October 2023

This research gives an overview of the existing gender differences prevalent in our society by exemplifying how even our educational textbooks are not devoid of these dissimilarities. The goal of the study is to thoroughly compare the representations of both genders in the two textbooks of Punjab used for classes i.e. 4th and 5th. The study aims to investigate how the women are treated differently in the ESL Textbooks taught in primary sections of the schools of Punjab. It evaluates the reasons of why the women are treated stereotypically in the same books. Through content analysis, the results indicated that both textbooks had a gender-biased approach. Simultaneously, it discovered somewhat fixed attitudes on characteristics, professions, and activities appropriate for individuals of both sexes. The findings also confirmed the reality that women, in the textbooks are not described as valuable as men. The recommendations have also been offered at the end of this study on the basis of findings in order to accentuate the need to revisit the material in ESL textbooks prescribed by Punjab Textbook Board that would contribute to the improvement of the English textbooks in order to curb the effects of existing stereotyping material.
ОБРАЗ РЕБЁНКА В ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ УЖАСОВ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ СБОРНИКА Д. БОБЫЛЕВОЙ «ЗАБЫТЫЙ ЧЕЛОВЕК»)
Authors:   Павлодарский педагогический университет имени А. Маргулана, Гаранина Екатерина , Хомяков Валерий ,   Омский государственный университет имени Ф. М. Достоевского
Published: October 2023

The article examines the image of a child in the collection of short stories by the modern Russian writer Daria Bobyleva «The Forgotten Man». Seven stories of the collection are taken for analysis, in which the image of a child plays a key role in semantic and compositional terms. The paper attempts to classify the analyzed stories from the point of view of the meaning of the child's image. This image is considered from the point of view of its folklore sources, in particular – in the context of the heat features of the bylichek and post-folklore «creepy stories». The image of the child is analyzed as an important compositional element that allows you to create the effect of «terrible», as part of the other world. The article also discusses some psychological prerequisites that allow including the image of a child in stories based on mystical horror. As a result, of the conducted research, it can be concluded that the image of a child plays an important role in creating artistic unity in this collection
THE INFLUENCE OF SERVICE QUALITY AND BRAND IMAGE ON CONSUMERS' DECISION TO CHOOSE PHENOM EVENT INDONESIA AS AN ORGANIZER OF MICE & EVENT ACTIVITIES
Authors: Nugraha Kadek Aditya , Wirata I Nengah , Kusumarini Indah
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of service quality (X1) and brand image (X2) on consumer decisions (Y) choosing Phenom Event Indonesia as the organizer of MICE & Event activities. The method used is a quantitative approach using the t test, F test and the coefficient of determination test (R2). The research data was collected by means of a documentation study and distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents. Based on the t test, it is known that the significant value of variable X1 is 0.616, variable X2 is 0.362. These two results show a positive value, so it can be said that the variable service quality (X1) and brand image (X2) have an effect on the consumer decision variable (Y).From the results of the F test it is shown that the calculated F value > F table, namely 156.806 > 3.09. This shows that service quality (X1) and brand image (X2) simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on consumer decisions (Y).Based on the Coefficient of Determination Test (R2) it is known that the variables of service quality (X1) and brand image (X2) simultaneously influence consumer decisions (Y) by 76.4%. This shows that service quality and brand image have a major influence on consumer decisions to use Phenom event Indonesia services.
The role of the business competition supervisory commission in response to allegations of predatory pricing practices in e-commerce
Authors: AP Komaria Nur Aulia
Published: October 2023

The presence of E-Commerce provides various conveniences, one of which is the ease of exporting and importing goods, as E-Commerce is a trade that has no geographical boundaries. However, because of this, there are allegations of predatory pricing practices in E-Commerce that have caught the attention of the government, as they can cause losses for other businesses and consumers. The allegations involve the discovery of imported products being sold at much lower prices than local products. Nevertheless, not all actions can be considered as prohibited predatory pricing practices, there is a need for advidence or assessment to be conducted by the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU). This study utilizes normative juridical research. The result of this study is that preatory pricing practices are prohibited under Article 20 of Law Number 5 of 1999 concerning the Prohibition of  Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition, where a matter can be considered a prohibited predatory pricing practice if it fulfills the elements stated in Article 20. In the case of allegations of predatory pricing practices in E-Commerce, The KPPU can also impose administrative sanctions on businesses proven to engage in prohibited predatory pricing practices under competition law.
Volume 1 Editorial: A Note on Collective Experimentation Toward Abolition
Authors: Copeland Victoria
Published: October 2023

Editorial: A Note on Collective Experimentation Toward Abolition
FRACTURE RISK AND OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNOEA
Authors:   Department of propaedeutic of internal diseases, UMHAT “Alexandrovska”, Medical Faculty, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria., Krasimirova Daniela , Stoimenov Blagovest ,   Department of propaedeutic of internal diseases, UMHAT “Alexandrovska”, Medical Faculty, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria., Naydenska Sevda ,   Department of propaedeutic of internal diseases, UMHAT “Alexandrovska”, Medical Faculty, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria., Genov Kiril ,   Student in Medical Faculty, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria., Pencheva Ventsislava ,   Department of propaedeutic of internal diseases, UMHAT “Alexandrovska”, Medical Faculty, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: October 2023

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) with hypoxemia, oxidative stress, low-grade inflammation and multiple hormonal metabolic changes affect the bone metabolism. This leads to an increased fracture risk in patients with OSA. Purpose: The aim of the study was to explore the connection between fracture risk and newly-diagnosed OSA. Materials/methods: 130 patients with newly diagnosed OSA and 67 controls without OSA were included in the study. Anthropometric, laboratory, instrumental and study tests and fracture risk assessment under the FRAX program were performed. Results: There isn’t a statistical difference in the age and gender in the OSA group compared to the controls (p>0.05). A statistically significant difference between the OSA group and the control group was found with regard to the body mass index (BMI), visceral fat mass ratio (VFR), neck circumference, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Vitamin D levels, beta-crosslaps and osteocalcin (р<0.0001 for all). Reduction of bone mineral density (BMD) was found in patients with OSA. On average, three risk factors for fracture were found in patients with OSA compared to an absence or only one risk factor in the control group (р<0.0001). Conclusion: Patients with OSA are at an increased fracture risk due to disturbed bone metabolism. They have lower Vitamin D levels, reduction of BMD and 3 risk factors for high FR. This requiresan assessment of fracture risk and its eventual reduction in patients with OSA.