bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chiral CuxOS@Fe‐MOFs for Enhanced Cancer Therapy
Authors: Hao Changlong , Huang Lu , Zhang Hongyu , Xu Liguang , Sun Maozhong , Kuang Hua , Wang Qing , Xu Chuanlai
Published: November 2023

Here, the development of chiral D‐/L‐CuxOS nanoparticle‐engineered metal–organic frameworks (Fe‐MIL‐88B‐NH2), denoted as D‐/L‐CuxOS@Fe‐MOFs, for cuproptosis and ferroptosis synergistic therapy is described. The D‐/L‐CuxOS@Fe‐MOF displayed intense circular dichroism (CD) bands at 488 nm due to the chirality transfer from chiral penicillamine ligands. Chiral D‐/L‐CuxOS@Fe‐MOF showed tumor microenvironment‐triggered catalytic therapeutic activity by simultaneously depleting L‐glutathione (GSH) and generating potent reactive oxygen species in cancer cells. In vivo experimental results synchronously demonstrated D‐CuxOS@Fe‐MOF with higher efficiency of cancer therapy. The findings revealed that copper/iron ions released from chiral D‐CuxOS@Fe‐MOF induced augmented oxidative stress and potent ferroptosis, which synergizes with cuproptosis for enhanced cancer therapy. The synergistic index for D‐CuxOS@Fe‐MOF is determined to be 1.94, while L‐CuxOS@Fe‐MOF and D,L‐CuxOS@Fe‐MOF with 1.75 and 1.84, respectively. To the best of the knowledge, this is the first report of a chiral nanomaterial capable of inducing synergistic ferroptosis‐cuproptosis therapy for cancers. The results should invigorate studies pursuing the rational design of chiral nanomaterials for efficacious cancer therapy based on cuproptosis and ferroptosis.
Origami‐Inspired Bionic Soft Robot Stomach with Self‐Powered Sensing
Authors: Xu Jinsui , Xu Boyi , Yue Honghao , Xie Zhijie , Tian Ye , Yang Fei
Published: November 2023

The stomach is a vital organ in the human digestive system, and its digestive condition is critical to human health. The physical movement of the stomach during digestion is controlled by the circular and oblique muscles. Existing stomach simulators are unable to realistically reproduce the physical movement of the stomach. Due to the complexity of gastric motility, it is challenging to simulate and sense gastric motility. This study proposes for the first time a bionic soft robotic stomach (BSRS) with an integrated drive and sensing structure inspired by origami and self‐powered sensing technology. This soft stomach (SS) can realistically simulate and sense the movements of various parts of the human stomach in real‐time. The contraction force and contraction rate of the BSRS are investigated with different viscosity contents, and the experimental values are similar to the physiological range (maximum contraction force is 3.2 N, and maximum contraction rate is 0.8). This paper provides an experimental basis for the study of gastric digestive medicine and food science by simulating the peristaltic motion of the BSRS according to the human stomach and by combining the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) sensing technology to monitor the motion of the BSRS in real‐time.
Cation‐Deficient Perovskites Greatly Enhance the Electrocatalytic Activity for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Li Qun , Zhang Di , Wu Jiabin , Dai Simin , Liu Heng , Lu Min , Cui Renwen , Liang Wenxi , Wang Dingsheng , Xi Pinxian , Liu Meilin , Li Hao , Huang Liang
Published: November 2023

Many perovskite oxides (ABO3) are considered the most promising alternatives to noble metal catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to their high intrinsic activities. However, their electrocatalytic performance is often limited by poor electrical conductivity and low specific surface area. Here an electrochemically induced calcium‐leaching process is reported to greatly increase the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of La0.6Ca0.4MnO3 (LCMO64). The ECSA of the activated, Ca‐deficient LCMO64 is ≈33.84% higher than that of the unactivated materials, demonstrating superior electrocatalytic ORR performance to the benchmark commercial Pt/C catalyst in an alkaline solution. Theoretical analysis coupled with electrochemical surface state probing and pH‐dependent microkinetic modeling suggests that this catalyst with the identified most favorable state under ORR operating conditions reaches the Sabatier optimum of alkaline ORR. This reconstructed LCMO64 is among the best‐performing ORR catalysts ever reported, providing new insights into the design of advanced perovskite materials with optimal surface chemistry.
Poly(3‐hexylthiophene)/perovskite Heterointerface by Spinodal Decomposition Enabling Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yang Yuqian , Xiong Qiu , Wu Jihuai , Tu Yongguang , Sun Tianxiao , Li Guixiang , Liu Xuping , Wang Xiaobing , Du Yitian , Deng Chunyan , Tan Lina , Wei Yuelin , Lin Yu , Huang Yunfang , Huang Miaoliang , Sun Weihai , Fan Leqing , Xie Yiming , Lin Jianming , Lan Zhang , Stacchinii Valerio , Musiienko Artem , Hu Qin , Gao Peng , Abate Antonio , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja
Published: November 2023

The best research‐cell efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is comparable with that of mature silicon solar cells (SSCs); However, the industrial development of PSCs lags far behind SSCs. PSC is a multiphase and multicomponent system, whose consequent interfacial energy loss and carrier loss seriously affect the performance and stability of devices. Here, by using spinodal decomposition, a spontaneous solid phase segregation process, in situ introduces a poly(3‐hexylthiophene)/perovskite (P3HT/PVK) heterointerface with interpenetrating structure in PSCs. The P3HT/PVK heterointerface tunes the energy alignment, thereby reducing the energy loss at the interface; The P3HT/PVK interpenetrating structure bridges a transport channel, thus decreasing the carrier loss at the interface. The simultaneous mitigation of energy and carrier losses by P3HT/PVK heterointerface enables n‐i‐p geometry device a power conversion efficiency of 24.53% (certified 23.94%) and excellent stability. These findings demonstrate an ingenious strategy to optimize the performance of PSCs by heterointerface via Spinodal decomposition.
Micropyramid Array Bimodal Electronic Skin for Intelligent Material and Surface Shape Perception Based on Capacitive Sensing
Authors: Niu Hongsen , Wei Xiao , Li Hao , Yin Feifei , Wang Wenxiao , Seong Ryun‐Sang , Shin Young Kee , Yao Zhao , Li Yang , Kim Eun‐Seong , Kim Nam‐Young
Published: November 2023

Developing electronic skins (e‐skins) that are comparable to or even beyond human tactile perception holds significant importance in advancing the process of intellectualization. In this context, a machine‐learning‐motivated micropyramid array bimodal (MAB) e‐skin based on capacitive sensing is reported, which enables spatial mapping applications based on bimodal sensing (proximity and pressure) implemented via fringing and iontronic effects, such as contactless measurement of 3D objects and contact recognition of Braille letters. Benefiting from the iontronic effect and single‐micropyramid structure, the MAB e‐skin in pressure mode yields impressive features: a maximum sensitivity of 655.3 kPa−1 (below 0.5 kPa), a linear sensitivity of 327.9 kPa−1 (0.5–15 kPa), and an ultralow limit of detection of 0.2 Pa. With the assistance of multilayer perceptron and convolutional neural network, the MAB e‐skin can accurately perceive 6 materials and 10 surface shapes based on the training and learning using the collected datasets from proximity and pressure modes, thus allowing it to achieve the precise perception of different objects within one proximity‐pressure cycle. The development of this MAB e‐skin opens a new avenue for robotic skin and the expansion of advanced applications.
Integrated In‐Memory Sensor and Computing of Artificial Vision Based on Full‐vdW Optoelectronic Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistor
Authors: Wang Peng , Li Jie , Xue Wuhong , Ci Wenjuan , Jiang Fengxian , Shi Lei , Zhou Feichi , Zhou Peng , Xu Xiaohong
Published: November 2023

The development and application of artificial intelligence have led to the exploitation of low‐power and compact intelligent information‐processing systems integrated with sensing, memory, and neuromorphic computing functions. The 2D van der Waals (vdW) materials with abundant reservoirs for arbitrary stacking based on functions and enabling continued device downscaling offer an attractive alternative for continuously promoting artificial intelligence. In this study, full 2D SnS2/h‐BN/CuInP2S6 (CIPS)‐based ferroelectric field‐effect transistors (Fe‐FETs) and utilized light‐induced ferroelectric polarization reversal to achieve excellent memory properties and multi‐functional sensing‐memory‐computing vision simulations are designed. The device exhibits a high on/off current ratio of over 105, long retention time (>104 s), stable cyclic endurance (>350 cycles), and 128 multilevel current states (7‐bit). In addition, fundamental synaptic plasticity characteristics are emulated including paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF), short‐term plasticity (STP), long‐term plasticity (LTP), long‐term potentiation, and long‐term depression. A ferroelectric optoelectronic reservoir computing system for the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology (MNIST) handwritten digital recognition achieved a high accuracy of 93.62%. Furthermore, retina‐like light adaptation and Pavlovian conditioning are successfully mimicked. These results provide a strategy for developing a multilevel memory and novel neuromorphic vision systems with integrated sensing‐memory‐processing.
Promoted Growth and Multiband Emission in Heterostructured Perovskites Through Cs+‐Sublattice Interaction
Authors: Zhou Lei , Liang Liangliang , Chen Jiaye , Zhou Xin , Liu Lingmei , Xi Shibo , Loh Kian Ping , Han Yu , He Qian , Liu Xiaogang
Published: November 2023

Precise control of exciton confinement in metal halide perovskites is critical to the development of high‐performance, stable optoelectronic devices. A significant hurdle is the swift completion of ionic metathesis reactions, often within seconds, making consistent control challenging. Herein, the introduction of different steric hindrances in a Cs+ sublattice within CsYb2F7 is reported, which effectively modulates the reaction rate of Cs+ with lead (Pb2+) and halide ions in solution, extending the synthesis time for perovskite nanostructures to tens of minutes. Importantly, the Cs+ sublattice provides a crystal facet‐dependent preference for perovskite growth and thus exciton confinement, allowing the simultaneous occurrence of up to six emission bands of CsPbBr3. Moreover, the rigid CsYb2F7 nano template offers high activation energy and enhances the stability of the resulting perovskite nanostructures. This methodology provides a versatile approach to synthesizing functional heterostructures. Its robustness is demonstrated by in‐situ growth of perovskite nanostructures on Cs+‐mediated metal‐organic frameworks.
Cell‐Like Synthetic Supramolecular Soft Materials Realized in Multicomponent, Non‐/Out‐of‐Equilibrium Dynamic Systems
Authors: Kubota Ryou , Hamachi Itaru
Published: November 2023

Living cells are complex, nonequilibrium supramolecular systems capable of independently and/or cooperatively integrating multiple bio‐supramolecules to execute intricate physiological functions that cannot be accomplished by individual biomolecules. These biological design strategies offer valuable insights for the development of synthetic supramolecular systems with spatially controlled hierarchical structures, which, importantly, exhibit cell‐like responses and functions. The next grand challenge in supramolecular chemistry is to control the organization of multiple types of supramolecules in a single system, thus integrating the functions of these supramolecules in an orthogonal and/or cooperative manner. In this perspective, the recent progress in constructing multicomponent supramolecular soft materials through the hybridization of supramolecules, such as self‐assembled nanofibers/gels and coacervates, with other functional molecules, including polymer gels and enzymes is highlighted. Moreover, results show that these materials exhibit bioinspired responses to stimuli, such as bidirectional rheological responses of supramolecular double‐network hydrogels, temporal stimulus pattern‐dependent responses of synthetic coacervates, and 3D hydrogel patterning in response to reaction–diffusion processes are presented. Autonomous active soft materials with cell‐like responses and spatially controlled structures hold promise for diverse applications, including soft robotics with directional motion, point‐of‐care disease diagnosis, and tissue regeneration.
Diluents Effect on Inhibiting Dissolution of Organic Electrode for Highly Reversible Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Wook , Kim Youngoh , Kim Joo‐Eun , Kim Ja‐Yeong , Jang Jae‐Yeon , Choi Joonmyung , Kwak Won‐Jin
Published: November 2023

The potential of organic electrodes in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) is highlighted by their cost‐effectiveness and natural abundance. However, the dissolution of the active material in the electrolyte is a major obstacle to their use in LIBs. Although high‐concentration electrolytes (HCEs) have been proposed to address this issue, they face challenges such as high viscosity, poor wettability, and suboptimal ion conductivity. Hence, this study introduces diluted electrolytes as non‐solvating electrolytes to offset the physical limitations of HCEs and suppress the dissolution of organic electrodes. When a diluted electrolyte is used, perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA)—a notable organic electrode material—demonstrates superior capacity retention and rate performance, achieving 91% of capacity retained at 1000 mA g−1 over 1000 cycles. Through electrochemical and spectroscopic measurements and molecular dynamics simulations, the diluted electrolyte successfully inhibits and demonstrates the dissolution of the active material, preventing capacity loss and the detrimental shuttle effect. This study presents a promising strategy for achieving highly reversible organic electrode‐based LIBs through the development of nonsolvating electrolytes.
Educator's blueprint: A how‐to guide for creating analog serious games for learning in medical education
Authors: Edwards Sarah , Swamy Lakshman , Cosimini Michael , Watsjold Bjorn , Chan Teresa M.
Published: November 2023

Serious games are an emerging tool for teaching and learning within medical education. These games can be used to facilitate learning or to demonstrate complex concepts in short bursts of interactive learning. This educator's blueprint will provide 10 strategies for creating a serious game, focusing on card and board games. These strategies include creating a project charter; determining the nature of the game; establishing game mechanics; selecting the best medium; prototyping and playtesting; reviewing sensitivity to equity, diversity, and inclusion; reviewing and refining content; funding game development, manufacture, and distribution; marketing and publicizing the game; and future‐proofing the game. This blueprint hopes to help aspiring serious game designers and educators to conceptualize the steps for successfully creating a new serious game for medical education.
Anatomical variations of interest for posterior nasal nerve cryotherapy in the treatment of chronic rhinitis: A radioanatomic study
Authors: Sliman Juliette , Carsuzaa Florent , Tanaka Lei , Gallet Patrice , Moser Pierre‐Olivier , Captier Guillaume , Favier Valentin
Published: November 2023

Key Points

An unfavorable insertion of the middle turbinate for cryotherapy was present in 74.2% of cases.

Placing cryoprobe 15–30 mm above the nasal floor targets the nerves in 95.8% of cases.

Centering the cryoprobe 38 mm behind the inferior turbinate axilla targets the nerves in 94.6% of cases.
The incidence rate and histological characteristics of intimal hyperplasia in elastase‐induced experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms in mice
Authors: Li Meng , Wei Panpan , Li Kexin , Liu Haole , Alam Naqash , Hou Haiwen , Deng Jie , Xu Baohui , Liu Enqi , Zhao Sihai , Li Yankui
Published: November 2023

Intimal hyperplasia (IH) is a negative vascular remodeling after arterial injury. IH occasionally occurs in elastase‐induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) mouse models. This study aims to clarify the incidence and histological characteristics of IH in aneurysmal mice. A retrospective study was conducted by including 42 male elastase‐induced mouse AAA models. The IH incidence, aortic diameters with or without IH, and hyperplasia lesional features of mice were analyzed. Among 42 elastase‐induced AAA mouse models, 10 mice developed mild IH (24%) and severe IH was found in only 2 mice (5%). The outer diameters of the AAA segments in mice with and without IH did not show significant difference. Both mild and severe IH lesions show strong smooth muscle cell positive staining, but endothelial cells were occasionally observed in severe IH lesions. There was obvious macrophage infiltration in the IH lesions of the AAA mouse models, especially in mice with severe IH. However, only a lower numbers of T cells and B cells were found in the IH lesion. Local cell‐secreted matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 was highly expressed in all IH lesions, but MMP9 was only overexpressed in severe lesions. In conclusion, this study is the first to demonstrate the occurrence of aneurysmal IH and its histological characteristics in an elastase‐induced mouse AAA model. This will help researchers better understand this model, and optimize it for use in AAA‐related research.
Feasible solution to discrete‐time linear quadratic stochastic Stackelberg difference game
Authors: Qi Qingyuan , Zhang Qianqian , Sun Yue
Published: November 2023

This paper investigates the discrete‐time linear quadratic (LQ) stochastic Stackelberg game, which has not been thoroughly addressed in previous literature. Firstly, we derive the maximum principle for the stochastic Stackelberg difference game using the variational method, and obtain the necessary and sufficient solvability conditions. However, due to the coupling between the two players and the presence of stochastic noise, obtaining explicit optimal leader and follower's strategies becomes challenging. Therefore, we present a feasible suboptimal control strategy instead. As a result, we derive a feasible suboptimal control strategy. To achieve this, we assume a linear homogeneous relationship to decouple the group of stochastic game forward‐backward stochastic differential equations (SG‐FBSDEs), which serves as a compromise for obtaining the optimal solution. With this approach, we derive a feasible solution to the stochastic Stackelberg difference game based on the solution to symmetric Riccati equations.
A nonlinear modelling approach to quantify sitting control in individuals with sensorimotor impairments
Authors: Blandeau Mathias , Guerra Thierry‐Marie , Dequidt Antoine , Pudlo Philippe , Gagnon Dany H.
Published: November 2023

Few biomechanical models of sitting stability have been proposed over the last decades and most of them control the trunk position through a lumbar torque. Unfortunately, this type of model is not valid for individuals living with a complete thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI) who generally experience paralysis of their abdominal and lower back muscles. Instead, individuals with SCI often engage their upper limbs as a compensatory strategy to control their sitting position. A new nonlinear biomechanical model is introduced to take into consideration the influence of the upper limbs for sitting control study of people living with SCI. The inherent nonlinearity of the model is taken into account via the Takagi–Sugeno (T‐S) framework. To estimate the internal controlling torques without measurements, an unknown input observer (UIO) is created. Its convergence is expressed by linear matrix inequalities (LMI), which are solved by convex optimization techniques. Numerical simulations with perturbations are used to assess the adequacy of the methodology and preliminary experimental data of one person living with SCI performing a sitting stabilization exercise is used to estimate internal torques of the upper limbs. The main contribution of this work is to provide a way to estimate human joint torques without invasive measurements; the results highlight the validity of both goals of this article, the nonlinear biomechanical modelling and the UIO methodology.
One‐step Surface‐to‐bulk Modification of NaCrO2 Cathode for Durable Sodium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Chen , Hong Yingbin , Liang Baolong , Huang Yiyin , Wei Mingdeng , Yao Hu‐Rong , Zheng Lituo , Hong Zhensheng
Published: November 2023

NaCrO2 is a promising O3‐type cathode material in sodium‐ion batteries. However, it suffers from rapid capacity fading due to the unstable structure upon cycling. This work shows that in situ carbon coating during the synthesis process has multiple synergistic effects and can effectively stabilize the material structure and improve the cyclability. It is found that sodium vacancy and carbon coating in NaCrO2 synchronously occur, which improve its sodium‐ion transport kinetics, structural stability during cycling and the air stability. More importantly, the strategy is universal in that various sources of carbon display similar effect. As a result, the asphalt‐derived carbon coated material has a high initial capacity of 129 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C rate with an initial Coulombic efficiency up to 98.2 %. In addition, it shows an excellent rate capability and cycling performance with 81.1 % retention after 1000 cycles at 5 C in half cell. Moreover, a full cell has constructed by coupling with hard carbon anode, which shows a high discharge capacity of 121.9 mAh g−1 with a high Coulomb efficiency of 94.7 %, excellent rate capability and good cycling stability. This work demonstrates a general modification method on NaCrO2 that has the potential for practical applications.
Schools and food charity in England
Authors: Baker William
Published: November 2023

This paper critically examines the development of food charity in schools in England. Growing numbers of schools, often in partnership with charities and businesses, are directly providing food to parents who are struggling to feed their families. This paper analyses how and why this is happening and its broader significance. The growth of food charity in schools is explained through a mixture of a retreating welfare state, an ongoing cost of living crisis, the continued diffusion of charitable food aid as a socially accepted response to poverty and hunger in the United Kingdom, and schools having to adopt increasing responsibility for making sure that children's basic needs are being met. Drawing on semi‐structured interview data gathered from school staff, this paper highlights how schools are becoming a new frontier for charitable food aid.
Einfluss der physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften von Zementstein auf das Abplatzen von Beton unter Brandeinwirkung – Teil 1
Authors: Reiners Jochen , Zehfuß Jochen , Dehn Frank , Müller Christoph
Published: November 2023

Einige größere Brandereignisse der letzten Jahrzehnte, insbesondere solche in Tunneln und Parkhäusern, haben das Bewusstsein von Planern bezüglich der möglichen Neigung von Beton zu explosiven Abplatzungen im Brandfall erhöht. In bestimmten Anwendungsbereichen können diese die Feuerwiderstandsdauer brandbeanspruchter Bauteile verkürzen. Welche Mechanismen für die explosiven Abplatzungen verantwortlich sind, wird unter Wissenschaftlern kontrovers diskutiert. Brandversuche an Betonprobekörpern haben gezeigt, dass die Zementart einen deutlichen Einfluss auf die Neigung von Beton zu explosiven Abplatzungen haben kann. Das Hauptziel des im vorliegenden Beitrag beschriebenen Versuchsprogramms war es daher – zu bestimmen, in welcher Weise die physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften des Zementsteins die Neigung von erhitztem Beton zum Abplatzen beeinflussen; und auf diese Weise – zu einem besseren Verständnis der Mechanismen beizutragen, die explosive Betonabplatzungen verursachen. Drei gemeinsame Merkmale wurden für diejenigen Betone identifiziert, die eine erhöhte Anfälligkeit für Abplatzungen aufwiesen. Für jedes dieser drei Merkmale wurde eine entsprechende Hypothese hinsichtlich dessen möglichen Beitrags zum Betonabplatzen im Brandfall aufgestellt. Der vorliegende erste Teil dieses Beitrags beschreibt die Versuche, bei denen der Einfluss der Zementart auf die Neigung von Beton zu explosiven Abplatzungenuntersucht wurde sowie die drei Hypothesen. Jede der drei Hypothesen wurde wiederum durch ein entsprechendes Versuchsprogramm überprüft. Die Versuche zur Überprüfung der Hypothesen werden im zweiten Teil dieses Beitrags beschrieben. Als Ergebnis der Untersuchungen wurden die Hauptmechanismen identifiziert, durch welche Abplatzungen ausgelöst werden.
The longevity bottleneck hypothesis: Could dinosaurs have shaped ageing in present‐day mammals?
Authors: de Magalhães João Pedro
Published: November 2023

The evolution and biodiversity of ageing have long fascinated scientists and the public alike. While mammals, including long‐lived species such as humans, show a marked ageing process, some species of reptiles and amphibians exhibit very slow and even the absence of ageing phenotypes. How can reptiles and other vertebrates age slower than mammals? Herein, I propose that evolving during the rule of the dinosaurs left a lasting legacy in mammals. For over 100 million years when dinosaurs were the dominant predators, mammals were generally small, nocturnal, and short‐lived. My hypothesis is that such a long evolutionary pressure on early mammals for rapid reproduction led to the loss or inactivation of genes and pathways associated with long life. I call this the ‘longevity bottleneck hypothesis’, which is further supported by the absence in mammals of regenerative traits. Although mammals, such as humans, can evolve long lifespans, they do so under constraints dating to the dinosaur era.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for B‐cell lymphoma in Taiwan
Authors: Lee Chun‐Hui , Lin Tzu‐Chien , Yao Ming , Hsiao Liang‐Tsai , Ko Bor‐Sheng , Liu Chia‐Jen , Chen Tsai‐Yun
Published: November 2023

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is considered for patients with high‐risk B‐cell lymphoma and relapsed or refractory disease. This study aimed to analyze the long‐term follow‐up data of patients who underwent allo‐HSCT in Taiwan. This was a retrospective observational study using data from the Taiwan Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation database. A total of 105 patients who underwent allo‐HSCT because of high‐risk, relapsed, or refractory disease between 2010 and 2019 were included. Forty‐five percent of the patients previously underwent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). The median follow‐up duration was 18.6 months. The probability of 3‐year progression‐free survival and overall survival (OS) was 34.5% and 37%, respectively. The probability of 1‐year non‐relapse mortality was 31.4%, and the major cause was infection (75.8%). The multivariable analysis showed that not in remission at the time of transplantation and the absence of graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) were factors associated with inferior OS. The probability of 3‐year OS in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma who underwent allo‐HSCT and allo‐HSCT after ASCT was 40.2% and 25.2%, respectively. Allo‐HSCT could be a salvage therapeutic option for relapsed or refractory B‐cell lymphoma. Complete remission at the time of allo‐HSCT and the presence of GVHD are independent variables for overall survival.
Enhancing school capacity to adopt school behavioural health best practices: A multiple‐case study evaluation
Authors: Price Olga Acosta , Long Michael , Sadlon Rachel , Sheriff Linda
Published: November 2023

Comprehensive school behavioural health best practices are widely disseminated. How to build schools’ capacity to implement these interventions is not well understood. This study explored how a coordinated set of capacity‐building strategies (e.g., individualized technical assistance [TA], community of practice [CoP]) facilitated the adoption of school behavioural health best practices. A multiple‐case study design was used to examine the relationship between capacity‐building strategies and implementation of comprehensive school behavioural health in three schools. Engagement in capacity‐building activities, use of relationship‐based TA, focus on organizational‐ and individual‐level modifications for both general and innovation‐specific improvements and identification of influential change agents were associated with the adoption of school behavioural health best practices. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Gene therapy approaches for GM1 gangliosidosis: Focus on animal and cellular studies
Authors: Hosseini Kamran , Fallahi Jafar , Tabei Seyed M. B. , Razban Vahid
Published: November 2023

One of the most important inherited metabolic disorders is GM1 gangliosidosis, which is a progressive neurological disorder. The main cause of this disease is a genetic defect in the enzyme β‐galactosidase due to a mutation in the glb1 gene. Lack of this enzyme in cells (especially neurons) leads to the accumulation of ganglioside substrate in nerve tissues, followed by three clinical forms of GM1 disease (neonatal, juvenile, and adult variants). Genetically, many mutations occur in the exons of the glb1 gene, such as exons 2, 6, 15, and 16, so the most common ones reported in scientific studies include missense/nonsense mutations. Therefore, many studies have examined the genotype‐phenotype relationships of this disease and subsequently using gene therapy techniques have been able to reduce the complications of the disease and alleviate the signs and symptoms of the disease. In this regard, the present article reviews the general features of GM1 gangliosidosis and its mutations, as well as gene therapy studies and animal and human models of the disease.
Monoallelic deleterious MUTYH mutations generate colorectal cancer: A case report
Authors: Zhao Bei , Sun Wenqi , Wang Yunrong , Wu Xinrong , Li Yifan , Wang Weiwei , Ni Muhan , Yan Peng , Dou Xiaotan , Wang Lei , Chen Min
Published: November 2023

Key clinical message

Here we reported a particular case of MUTYH‐associated polyposis (MAP) that had only one rare heterozygous variant, but some particular clinical manifestations contributed to occur in this male patient by only one defective MUTYH allele were worth of further investigation. We reported a case of MAP. It is about a 33‐year‐old man with chief complaints of hematochezia who had multiple polyps that were found in his colon via colonoscopy. He followed his doctor's advice and performed a genetic analysis examination. Germline test was positive for a major heterozygous variant: chr1:45800165 on the MUTYH gene. MUTYH gene sequence analysis confirmed the following heterozygous variant: c.55CT (p.R19X) in exon 2 (ClinVar NM_001128425). Unfortunately, his mother and daughter have the ILK variant according to genetic analysis. However, this variant at the site was not detected in his father. Various types of polyps were found on repeated colonoscopy, which tended to become latent cancerous in the future. This case indicated that awareness of the risk of carcinogenesis of polyps in carriers of monoallelic variants might accordingly increase, and our understanding of the type of genetically related disease will be enhanced by us.
Metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma presenting as generalized lymphadenopathy unmasked by a COVID booster vaccine
Authors: Bharathidasan Kavya , Tran Vivie , Ghafouri Sayed Reshad , Rehman Shabnam , Brandi Luis
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical Message

Lymphadenopathy following recent immunization is usually regional. Generalized lymphadenopathy should arouse suspicion for alternative underlying pathology. Prostate adenocarcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis for malignancy in an elderly male patient. Metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma can have good prognostic outcomes if treatment is started promptly, even in the setting of widespread disease.

Generalized lymphadenopathy is commonly attributed to infectious causes or malignancy, often lymphoproliferative disorders. We present a rare case of metastatic prostate cancer diagnosed after initially presenting as generalized lymphadenopathy following a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID) booster vaccination. A 70‐year‐old Hispanic male presented with left lower quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, headache, myalgia, severe constipation, and a right‐sided neck swelling that had been increasing in size since the day of his vaccination. Computed tomography (CT) scans of soft tissue neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis with contrast showed extensive lymphadenopathy. Ultrasound‐guided biopsy results of the enlarged right supraclavicular node and prostate revealed histopathology consistent with that of prostate acinar adenocarcinoma. He started on bicalutamide for 4 weeks, transitioned to gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (leuprolide) injections every 3 months and oral androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (abiraterone with prednisone daily). PSA level declined from 121 ng/mL at diagnosis to 1.3 ng/mL after 3 months of therapy, and repeat imaging showed marked improvement in the size of his mediastinal, retroperitoneal, and pelvic lymphadenopathy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported of a COVID vaccine booster uncovering lymphadenopathy leading to the diagnosis of metastatic prostate cancer.
Hybrid Membrane Composed of Nickel Diselenide Nanosheets with Carbon Nanotubes for Catalytic Conversion of Polysulfides in Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Liu Hongtao , Ma Chao , Zhang Cuijuan , Zhang Wenwen , Deng Yuge , Sun Huayu , Shen Xiangqian , Yao Shanshan
Published: November 2023

Lithium‐sulfur batteries demonstrate enormous energy density are promising forms of energy storage. Unfortunately, the slow redox kinetics and polysulfides shuttle effect are some of the factors that prevent the its development. To address these issues, the hybrid membrane with combination of nickel diselenide nanosheets modified carbon nanotubes (NSN@CNTs) and utilized Li2S6 catholyte for lithium sulfur battery. The conductive CNTs facilitates fast electronic/ionic transport, while the polarity of NSN as a strong affinity to lithium polysulfides, effectively anchoring them, facilitating the redox conversion of polysulfide species, and effectively diminishing reaction barriers. The cell with NSN@CNTs delivers the first discharge capacity of 1123.8 mAh g−1 and maintains 786.5 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles (0.2 C) at the sulfur loading 5.4 mg. Its rate capability is commendable, enabling it to sustain a capacity of 559.8 mAh g−1 even at a high discharge rate of 2 C. In addition, its initial discharge capacity can remain 8.33 mAh even at 10.8 mg for duration of 100 cycles. This research indicates the potential application of NSN@CNTs hybrid materials in lithium‐sulfur batteries.
Activated Mn‐MACHO Complexes Form Stable CO2 Adducts
Authors: Singh Ajeet , Kemper Gregor , Weyhermüller Thomas , Kaeffer Nicolas , Leitner Walter
Published: November 2023

Manganese(I) carbonyl complexes bearing a MACHO‐type ligand (HN(CH2CH2PR2)2) readily react in their amido form with CO2 to generate 4‐membered {Mn−N−C−O} metallacycles. The stability of the adducts decreases with the steric demand of the R groups at phosphorous (R=isopropyl>adamantyl). The CO2‐adducts display generally a lower reactivity as compared to the parent amido complexes. These adducts can thus be interpretated as masked forms of the active amido catalysts and potentially play important roles as off‐loop species or branching points in catalytic transformations of carbon dioxide.
Detecting Protein‐Ligand Interactions with Nitroxide Based Paramagnetic Cosolutes
Authors: Penk Anja , Danielsson Annemarie , Gaardløs Margrethe , Montag Cindy , Schöler Andrea , Huster Daniel , Samsonov Sergey A. , Künze Georg
Published: November 2023

NMR spectroscopy techniques can provide important information about protein‐ligand interactions. Here we tested an NMR approach which relies on the measurement of paramagnetic relaxation enhancements (PREs) arising from analogous cationic, anionic or neutral soluble nitroxide molecules, which distribute around the protein‐ligand complex depending on near‐surface electrostatic potentials. We applied this approach to two protein‐ligand systems, interleukin‐8 interacting with highly charged glycosaminoglycans and the SH2 domain of Grb2 interacting with less charged phospho‐tyrosine tripeptides. The electrostatic potential around interleukin‐8 and its changes upon binding of glycosaminoglycans could be derived from the PRE data and confirmed by theoretical predictions from Poisson‐Boltzmann calculations. The ligand influence on the PREs and NMR‐derived electrostatic potentials of Grb2 SH2 was localized to a narrow protein region which allowed the localization of the peptide binding pocket. Our analysis suggests that experiments with nitroxide cosolutes can be useful for investigating protein‐ligand electrostatic interactions and mapping ligand binding sites.
Analysis of the high‐pressure steam import behaviour of an integrated ethylene oxide/ethylene glycol petrochemical plant under different production scenarios
Authors: Sharifara Ehsan , Abbaspour Madjid , Saraei Alireza
Published: November 2023

Integrated ethylene oxide/ethylene glycols (EO/EG) plants are prominent energy consumers in the petrochemical sector, particularly concerning high‐pressure steam (HPS) usage which holds the potential for substantial energy savings. This study focuses on an unexplored territory: Examining the impact of EO catalyst type, selectivity, and glycols production capacity on HPS import in a plant in the Pars Special Economic Energy Zone (PSEEZ). Utilizing Python3 for data preprocessing and ordinary least squares linear regression analysis, we evaluate how varying catalyst loads and production scenarios influence HPS import. Regression models are created, encompassing normal and efficient HPS import scenarios, yielding positive outcomes in terms of correlation, mean error percentage, and R2 analysis. Comparing normal and efficient HPS import models highlights potential savings, uncovering opportunities to conserve between 45 and over 200 tonnes per day of HPS. We also explore the plant's HPS behaviour under 1% selectivity and production capacity reductions. Notably, catalyst activity decline markedly escalates HPS import for hybrid catalysts, while selectivity decline decreases HPS import for high‐activity catalysts. The models demonstrate that HPS import is ~150 tonnes per day more sensitive to a 1% change in selectivity compared to production capacity. Moreover, when comparing high activity and hybrid catalyst scenarios in normal and efficient cases, the most substantial HPS import difference arises under conditions of low selectivity, amounting to nearly 200 tonnes per day. Our methodology applies to other EO/EG plants. It is incorporated into our plant's energy management system, enabling continuous monitoring of steam import behaviour relative to catalyst and plant performance.
Prognosis and risk of suicide after cancer diagnosis
Authors: Kinslow Connor J. , Kumar Prashanth , Olfson Mark , Wall Melanie M. , Petridis Petros D. , Horowitz David P. , Wang Tony J. C. , Kachnic Lisa A. , Cheng Simon K. , Prigerson Holly G. , Yu James B. , Neugut Alfred I.
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Suicide rates are elevated after cancer diagnosis. Existential distress caused by awareness of one’s impending death is well‐described in patients with cancer. The authors hypothesized that suicide risk is associated with cancer prognosis, and the impact of prognosis on suicide risk is greatest for populations with higher baseline suicide risk.

Methods

The authors identified patients (≥16 years old) with newly diagnosed cancers from 2000 to 2019 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, representing 27% of US cancers. Multiple primary‐standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were used to estimate the relative risk of suicide within 6 months of diagnosis compared to the general US population, adjusted for age, sex, race, and year of follow‐up. Suicide rates by 20 most common cancer sites were compared with respective 2‐year overall survival rates (i.e., prognosis) using a weighted linear regression model.

Results

Among 6,754,704 persons diagnosed with cancer, there were 1610 suicide deaths within 6 months of diagnosis, three times higher than the general population (SMR = 3.1; 95% confidence interval, 3.0–3.3). Suicide risk by cancer site was closely associated with overall prognosis (9.5%/percent survival deficit, R2 = 0.88, p < .0001). The association of prognosis with suicide risk became attenuated over time. For men, the risk of suicide increased by 2.8 suicide deaths per 100,000 person‐years (p < .0001) versus 0.3 in women (p < .0001). The risk was also higher for persons ≥60 old and for the White (vs. Black) race.

Conclusions

Poorer prognosis was closely associated with suicide risk early after cancer diagnosis and had a greater effect on populations with higher baseline risks of suicide. This model highlights the need for enhanced psychiatric surveillance and continued research in this patient population.
Rationale, Development, and Validation of HdxSim, a Clinical Decision Support Tool for Model‐Informed Precision Dosing of Hydroxyurea for Children with Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: Power‐Hays Alexandra , Dong Min , Punt Nieko , Mizuno Tomoyuki , Smart Luke R. , Vinks Alexander A. , Ware Russell E.
Published: November 2023

Hydroxyurea treatment for children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) is effective and life‐saving. Stepwise escalation to maximum tolerated dose (MTD) provides optimal benefits, but is logistically challenging and time‐consuming, especially in low‐income countries where most people with SCA live. Model‐informed precision dosing (MIPD) of hydroxyurea expedites MTD determination and improves outcomes compared with trial‐and‐error dose adjustments. HdxSim, a user‐friendly, online, clinical decision support tool was developed to facilitate hydroxyurea MIPD and evaluated using real‐world pharmacokinetic (PK) data. First‐dose hydroxyurea PK profiles were analyzed from two clinical trial datasets (Hydroxyurea Study of Long‐Term Effects (HUSTLE), NCT00305175 and Therapeutic Response Evaluation and Adherence Trial (TREAT), NCT02286154). Areas under the concentration‐time curve (AUC) estimated by HdxSim were compared with those determined using traditional trapezoidal methodology and PK software (MWPharm‐DOS). The doses predicted by HdxSim and MWPharm‐DOS were compared with the observed clinical MTD. For HUSTLE participants, HdxSim accurately estimated hydroxyurea AUC compared with the trapezoidal method, with < 20% variance. The average (mean ± SD) AUC for TREAT participants estimated with HdxSim (68.6 ± 18.0 mg*hour/L) was lower than MWPharm‐DOS (78.6 ± 20.7 mg*hour/L, P = 0.012), but the average recommended doses were not different (425 vs. 423 mg/day, P = 0.97). Moreover, HdxSim was non‐inferior to MWPharm‐DOS at predicting clinical MTD (absolute difference 3.9 ± 5.8 vs. 4.9 ± 8.2 mg/kg/day, P = 0.19). HdxSim accurately estimates hydroxyurea exposure and is noninferior to traditional PK approaches at predicting the clinical hydroxyurea MTD. Hydroxyurea dosing based on target exposure leads to improved outcomes in children with SCA, and has the potential to make PK‐guided hydroxyurea dosing more accessible to this neglected population globally.
Effectiveness of perioperative oral hygiene management using a cetylpyridinium chloride‐, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, and tranexamic acid‐based mouthwash as an adjunct to mechanical oral hygiene in patients with maxillomandibular fixation: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Aijima Reona , Yamashita Yoshio
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Maxillomandibular fixation requires the jawbones to remain static. Mechanical cleaning is also carried out by brushing or with a water flosser to maintain the oral cavity in a hygienic state, but this cannot be considered sufficient. Mouthwashes are used as a substitute for mechanical cleaning or in a supplementary role after such cleaning. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of HABITPRO mouthwash, which contains cetylpyridinium chloride, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, and tranexamic acid in the specific environment created by maxillomandibular fixation used as an adjunct to mechanical cleaning.

Material and Methods

A total of 55 patients who had undergone maxillomandibular fixation were randomly allocated to either a HABITPRO group (n = 29) or a placebo group (n = 26). To investigate their oral hygiene status, their plaque control record (PCR) was reviewed, and the caries‐related bacterial counts, pH, acid buffering capacity, white blood cell count, and ammonia in saliva were measured immediately before maxillomandibular fixation, on Day 10 of fixation, and immediately after fixation was released.

Results

After approximately 2–3 weeks of mouthwash use, the PCR index also increased significantly in the placebo group compared with baseline, whereas it remained almost steady in the HABITPRO group. Additionally, salivary ammonia levels decreased significantly in the HABITPRO group compared to that of the placebo group.

Conclusions

Even with maxillomandibular fixation, continued gargling with HABITPRO mouthwash in the perioperative period as an adjunct to mechanical cleaning can help maintain better oral hygiene and reduce bacterial counts.
Revisiting the nexus between corporate social responsibility and corporate value: Evidence from China
Authors: Wu Jing , Liew Chee Yoong
Published: November 2023

Purpose

Under the concept of sustainable development guided by ‘carbon peak’ and ‘carbon neutral’, corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance has become the focus of attention in all sectors of society. With the gradual deepening of China's ‘new economic normal’ development, firms face increasing environmental uncertainty in the market. This study aims to embed CSR, financial flexibility (FF), institutional investors (INST), and corporate value into the same theoretical framework and conduct heterogeneity analysis on the nature of property rights, heavily polluting industries, and marketisation level.

Design/Methodology/Approach

Based upon the observation data of listed firms in Shanghai and Shenzhen A‐shares in China from 2011 to 2021, this study uses Stata software for data processing, analysis, and two‐stage least‐squares (2SLS) models to solve endogenous problems.

Findings

The research results show that improving CSR performance increases corporate value, while INST and FF moderate the relationship between them. Further heterogeneity analysis found that the nature of property rights, heavily polluting industries, and marketisation level have different impacts on these moderating effects. This result provides ideas for clarifying the economic impact of enhancing the firms' CSR performance in the current era.

Originality/Value

First, from the standpoint of CSR performance, it enhances the literature on the key corporate values in China. Second, from the perspective of corporate value, it has enriched the CSR literature and provided a new perspective for further clarifying the significance of improving the CSR performance of firms at this stage. Third, from the perspective of INST and FF, this research examines the moderating mechanism of CSR performance on corporate value. Hence, it provides a reference for further improving the efficiency of resource allocation in the capital markets.