bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Particle size distribution analysis of mudstone based on digital image processing
Authors: Liang Ke , Ran Bo , Liu Shugen , Sun Tong , Zhu Yiqing
Published: August 2022

Mudstone is becoming increasingly important for unconventional oil and gas development. The morphological characteristics of clastic are not only contributions to the 3D framework of mudstone, but they can clearly affect the physical properties of a mudstone reservoir, including surface area, pore-size distribution, and porosity. However, it is very difficult and time-consuming to measure the particle size distribution (PSD) of mudstone because of its small particle size and strong cementation. However, because of the importance of oil and gas extraction, it is urgent to develop a fast, accurate, and objective analysis method to measure the PSD of mudstone. Based on a comparison of various PSD measurement methods commonly used in the energy industry and geology, the best PSD measurement method for mudstone should be digital image processing. Two imaging methods, trainable Weka segmentation (TWS) and black mudstone particle size measurement, were used to analyze sections of the early Silurian Longmaxi mudstone of China’s Sichuan Basin. The PSD data obtained by manual measurement, TWS, and the contribution method are compared. Image analysis finds that the particle sizes of all samples fall in the range of coarse silt to clay, and the average sizes fall in the range of coarse silt to fine silt. The skewness, kurtosis, standard deviation, and other distribution characteristics parameters find minor errors, and the relative error is less than 15%. The Pearson correlation coefficient of the 10th quantile of TWS, black mudstone particle size measure, and manual measurement were calculated, which found R2 values typically ranging between 0.64 and 0.87. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test results find that the data obtained by the three measurement methods are from the same distribution at the level of 0.05. Analytic results find that the method presented is effective, cost-efficient, and could avoid artificial errors.
SH+ 360: novel model for scaling up a mental health and psychosocial support programme in humanitarian settings
Authors: Leku Marx R. , Ndlovu Jacqueline N. , Bourey Christine , Aldridge Luke R. , Upadhaya Nawaraj , Tol Wietse A. , Augustinavicius Jura L.
Published: August 2022

We explore multi-sectoral integration as a model for scaling up evidence-based mental health and psychosocial support interventions in humanitarian settings. We introduce Self Help Plus 360, designed to support humanitarian partners across different sectors to integrate a psychosocial intervention into their programming and more holistically address population needs.
TGFBR3 supports anoikis through suppressing ATF4 signaling
Authors: Hsu Yu-Jhen , Yin Yih-Jia , Tsai Kai-Feng , Jian Cian-Chun , Liang Zi-Wen , Hsu Chien-Yu , Wang Chun-Chao
Published: August 2022

Epithelial morphogenesis and oncogenic transformation can cause loss of cell adhesion, and detached cells are eliminated by anoikis. Here, we reveal that transforming growth factor β receptor 3 (TGFBR3) acts as an anoikis mediator through the coordination of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). In breast cancer tissues, TGFBR3 is progressively lost, but elevated TGFBR3 is associated with a histologic subtype characterized by cellular adhesion defects. Dissecting the impact of extracellular matrix (ECM) deprivation, we demonstrate that ECM loss promotes TGFBR3 expression, which in turn causes differentiation of cell aggregates, conferring a low-adhesion phenotype, and drives the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. We demonstrate that inhibition of TGFBR3 impairs epithelial anoikis by activating ATF4 signaling. These preclinical findings provide a rationale for therapeutic inhibition of ATF4 in the subgroup of breast cancer patients with low TGFBR3 expression.
Tolerance of an acute warming challenge declines with body mass in Nile tilapia: evidence of a link to capacity for oxygen uptake
Authors: Blasco Felipe R. , Taylor Edwin W. , Leite Cleo A. C. , Monteiro Diana A. , Rantin F. Tadeu , McKenzie David J.
Published: August 2022

It has been proposed that larger individuals within fish species may be more sensitive to global warming, as a result of limitations in their capacity to provide oxygen for aerobic metabolic activities. This could affect size distributions of populations in a warmer world but evidence is lacking. In Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (n=18, mass range 21–313 g), capacity to provide oxygen for aerobic activities (aerobic scope) was independent of mass at an acclimation temperature of 26°C. Tolerance of acute warming, however, declined significantly with mass when evaluated as the critical temperature for fatigue from aerobic swimming (CTSmax). The CTSmax protocol challenges a fish to meet the oxygen demands of constant aerobic exercise while their demands for basal metabolism are accelerated by incremental warming, culminating in fatigue. CTSmax elicited pronounced increases in oxygen uptake in the tilapia but the maximum rates achieved prior to fatigue declined very significantly with mass. Mass-related variation in CTSmax and maximum oxygen uptake rates were positively correlated, which may indicate a causal relationship. When fish populations are faced with acute thermal stress, larger individuals may become constrained in their ability to perform aerobic activities at lower temperatures than smaller conspecifics. This could affect survival and fitness of larger fish in a future world with more frequent and extreme heatwaves, with consequences for population productivity.
The effects of beliefs, knowledge, and attitude on herbal medicine use during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey in Indonesia
Authors: Kristianto Heri , Pramesona Bayu Anggileo , Rosyad Yafi Sabila , Andriani Lili , Putri Tri Antika Rizki Kusuma , Rias Yohanes Andy
Published: August 2022

Background: Herbal medicines are gaining a greater degree of popularity as complementary and alternative medicines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nonetheless, there is a lack of data concerning the rationale for and factors influencing their use.

Methods: A cross-sectional community-based online study involving 1,621 participants was conducted to explore the effects of magical health beliefs, holistic health beliefs, knowledge, and pro- complementary alternative medicine (CAM) attitudes on herbal medicine use in the Indonesian population.

Results: Logistic regression findings showed that knowledge about herbal medicines was independently and positively associated with herbal medicine use to a greater extent than herbal medicine non-use (adjusted odds ratio; AOR = 1.20; 95% confidence interval; CI = 1.16 to 1.24). The participants who used herbal medicines had a greater magical health belief score than herbal medicine non-users, with AOR = 1.03 and 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.06. Moreover, holistic health beliefs and pro-CAM attitudes were also found to be independently associated with herbal medicine use.

Conclusion: These findings alert nurses to assess the roles of magical health beliefs, holistic health belief, knowledge, and attitudes toward herbal medicine use.
Recommendations for connecting molecular sequence and biodiversity research infrastructures through ELIXIR
Authors: Waterhouse Robert M. , Adam-Blondon Anne-Françoise , Agosti Donat , Baldrian Petr , Balech Bachir , Corre Erwan , Davey Robert P. , Lantz Henrik , Pesole Graziano , Quast Christian , Glöckner Frank Oliver , Raes Niels , Sandionigi Anna , Santamaria Monica , Addink Wouter , Vohradsky Jiri , Nunes-Jorge Amandine , Willassen Nils Peder , Lanfear Jerry
Published: August 2022

Threats to global biodiversity are increasingly recognised by scientists and the public as a critical challenge. Molecular sequencing technologies offer means to catalogue, explore, and monitor the richness and biogeography of life on Earth. However, exploiting their full potential requires tools that connect biodiversity infrastructures and resources. As a research infrastructure developing services and technical solutions that help integrate and coordinate life science resources across Europe, ELIXIR is a key player. To identify opportunities, highlight priorities, and aid strategic thinking, here we survey approaches by which molecular technologies help inform understanding of biodiversity. We detail example use cases to highlight how DNA sequencing is: resolving taxonomic issues; Increasing knowledge of marine biodiversity; helping understand how agriculture and biodiversity are critically linked; and playing an essential role in ecological studies. Together with examples of national biodiversity programmes, the use cases show where progress is being made but also highlight common challenges and opportunities for future enhancement of underlying technologies and services that connect molecular and wider biodiversity domains. Based on emerging themes, we propose key recommendations to guide future funding for biodiversity research: biodiversity and bioinformatic infrastructures need to collaborate closely and strategically; taxonomic efforts need to be aligned and harmonised across domains; metadata needs to be standardised and common data management approaches widely adopted; current approaches need to be scaled up dramatically to address the anticipated explosion of molecular data; bioinformatics support for biodiversity research needs to be enabled and sustained; training for end users of biodiversity research infrastructures needs to be prioritised; and community initiatives need to be proactive and focused on enabling solutions. For sequencing data to deliver their full potential they must be connected to knowledge: together, molecular sequence data collection initiatives and biodiversity research infrastructures can advance global efforts to prevent further decline of Earth’s biodiversity.
The impact of COVID-19-related educational disruption on final year medical students in Birmingham, United Kingdom: a mixed methods study
Authors: Bustin Claire , Bawa Sara , Munasinghe Chathura Kasunkumara , Wiskin Connie
Published: August 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic created unprecedented pressure on healthcare systems worldwide. Public health measures that intended to limit the spread of the virus had the unintended effect of necessitating the swift development of novel medical educational methods. The medical students most affected by this period of change were those entering their final year. This study aims to explore their perceptions of the impacts of COVID-19 on their clinical learning and mental health, as well as identify ways in which medical schools can mitigate these impacts. 

Methods: This is a mixed method, single-site descriptive study comprising two parts: a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Participants were final year medical students at the University of Birmingham, UK. 

Results: Key themes identified were learning opportunities, changes to assessments, communication, and wellbeing. Students were also found to experience higher levels of anxiety mid-pandemic compared to pre-pandemic. 

Conclusion: The pandemic has had widespread effects on the learning and wellbeing of final year medical students, which may impact their competence and confidence as junior doctors. Improved two-way communication and access to wellbeing services have been identified as factors promoting the adjustment of students to rapid changes in teaching methods and assessments.
Basic taste sensitivity, eating behaviour, food propensity and BMI of preadolescent children: How are they related?
Authors: Ervina Ervina , Berget Ingunn , Skeie Siv Borghild , L. Almli Valérie
Published: August 2022

Background: Taste sensitivity has been reported to influence children’s eating behaviour and contribute to their food preferences and intake. This study aimed to investigate the associations between taste sensitivity, eating behaviour, food propensity and BMI (Body Mass Index) in preadolescents.

Methods: Preadolescents’ taste sensitivity was measured by detection threshold of sweetness (sucrose), sourness (citric acid), saltiness (sodium chloride), bitterness (caffeine, quinine), and umami (monosodium glutamate). In addition, the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ), the Food Propensity Questionnaire (FPQ), and the children’s body weight and height were completed by the parents. A total of 69 child-parent dyads participated (preadolescents mean age =10.9 years).

Results: Taste sensitivity to caffeine bitterness was significantly associated with eating behaviour in food responsiveness, emotional overeating, and desire to drink. The preadolescents who were less sensitive to caffeine bitterness had higher food responsiveness scores. Those who were less sensitive to caffeine bitterness and to sweetness had higher emotional overeating scores. In addition, preadolescents who were less sensitive to sourness and bitterness of both caffeine and quinine demonstrated to have higher scores in desire to drink. There was no association between taste sensitivity and FPQ, but significant differences were observed across preadolescents’ BMI for FPQ of dairy food items, indicating higher consumption of low-fat milk in the overweight/obese compared to the normal-weight subjects. There was no significant difference in taste sensitivity according to BMI. Preadolescents’ eating behaviour differed across BMI, demonstrating a positive association between BMI and food approach, and a negative association between BMI and food avoidance.

Conclusions: This study contributes to the preliminary understanding of the relationships between taste sensitivity and eating behaviour in preadolescents. The results may be used to develop effective strategies to promote healthy eating practices by considering
The genome sequence of the 6-spot burnet, Zygaena filipendulae (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Crowley Liam M. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective, Skojec Chelsea , Plotkin David , Kawahara Akito Y. ,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: August 2022

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Zygaena filipendulae (6-spot burnet; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Zygaenidae). The genome sequence is 365.9 megabases in span. The majority of the assembly (99.99%) is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the W and Z sex chromosomes assembled. The complete mitochondrial genome was also assembled and is 15.6 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl has identified 12,493 protein coding genes.
Degree of Standardization and Innovation Capability Dimensions as Driving Forces for Innovation Performance
Authors: Mir Moises , Llach Josep , Casadesus Marti
Published: August 2022

Purpose: In 2019, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published the first international Management Standard (MS) for innovation management, the ISO 56002:2019, following previous successful MS as ISO 9001 and ISO 14001. Within this framework, this paper discusses the relationship between the implementation of MS and the Innovation capabilities (IC) and Innovation Performance (IP) the company. In other words, the article analyses whether the greater degree of standardization (DS) in firms, combined with some IC dimensions, positively influence the IP of firms.
Methodology/Approach: As the number of ISO 56002 implementations is still not very high and it is not certifiable yet, a survey has been carried out considering the spanish certifiable homologue standard UNE 166002 combined with other ISO standards such as ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO-TS 16949, OHSAS 18001 and/or others. The suvey has been responded by 73 certified companies; and a further fuzzy set Qualitative Analysis (fsQCA) has been performed.
Findings: The paper confirms that at least three main dimensions of IC influence positively the IP, namely: strategy, market, and structure and network. It is also confirmed that the DS is clearly a positive contributor to a higher IP.
Research Limitation/Implication: The data are gathered in only one specific country, although it is one of the few that had national certifiable standards specifically developed for innovation management.
Originality/Value of paper: The main value of the article is to be one of the first ones to analyse, in any way, the impact of the degree of standardization (including or not the innovation MS as for instance the ISO 56002 or the UNE 166002) on the IC and IP of the company.
Tożsamość człowieka jako punkt wyjścia dla rozumienia tożsamości konstytucyjnej. Wybrane koncepcje filozoficzne i psychologiczne
Authors: Demczuk Adam
Published: August 2022

PERSONAL IDENTITY AS A REFERENCE POINT FOR DEFINING CONSTITUTIONAL IDENTITY. SELECTED PHILOSOPHICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS The concept of constitutional identity relies on the notion of “identity”, which has been of interest to the social sciences for centuries. Based on the specific characteristics of constitutional identity, especially in the sense of dynamic concepts that emphasize the subject of constitutional identity, it is possible to point to aspects common to human identity and constitutional identity. The subject of constitutional identity is a sort of carrier of the legitimacy of power, the sovereign. Although it exists in the world of ideas, it needs to be created by actually existing persons, groups of persons or institutions. The paper searches for aspects of human identity that, in analogy to constitutional identity, become necessary elements for the creation of an actually existing subject perceiving constitutional identity. For this purpose, philosophical and psychological concepts of identity have been selected, whose scope includes aspects of both individual and collective identity and interactions between them. The interpretation of the subject perceiving constitutional identity realistically impacts the interpretation of the content of constitutional identity itself. Moreover, shifting the weight of constitutional identity considerations to how constitutional identity is interpreted by different perceiving subjects enables an empirical examination of the content of constitutional identity and an indication of differences in its perceptions.
Un dique en aguas turbulentas. Identidades políticas, populismo y violencia en la Colombia de Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, 1928-1948
Authors: Acosta Olaya Cristian
Published: August 2022

Esta obra examina la configuración identitaria del líder liberal Jorge Eliécer Gaitán (1898-1948) y de sus seguidores teniendo como eje analítico sus concepciones acerca de la revolución, la unidad partidista, el pueblo y la violencia política durante la primera mitad del siglo XX en Colombia. Para ello, se analiza la discursividad de este líder y sus partidarios desde mediados de la década de 1920 hasta su asesinato en abril de 1948. 'La exploración de dicha discursividad da muestra de las luchas y de las tramas de sentido que dieron forma al gaitanismo en tanto proceso sociohistórico, y permiten inscribirlo dentro de los estudios contemporáneos sobre el fenómeno populista. Dando cuenta de las tensiones principales del gaitanismo en torno apretender y azuzar una transformación radical de la sociedad colombiana y, a suvez, mantener las formas partidistas tradicionales y de los mecanismo selectorales para alcanzar tal objetivo, se pone en discusión la manera en que los estudios historiográficos y sociológicos frecuentemente han entendido a Gaitán y a su movimiento, en especial caracterizándolos entre los polosantitéticos de ruptura y continuidad frente al orden político y social vigente. Asimismo, este trabajo retoma herramientas de la teoría política y la sociología de las identidades políticas para dar nuevas luces al estudio del fenómeno gaitanista, principalmente poniendo en cuestión su supuesta relación directa o causal con la violencia política de mediados del siglo XX. De este modo, como parte de los populismos latinoamericanos, el gaitanismo se caracteriza aquí como un proceso político que estableció un trato conflictivo respecto a sus contrincantes, pero que no giraba en torno a la eliminación física de sus adversarios.
Cognitive behavior during consecutive interpreting: Describing the notetaking process
Authors: D. Mellinger Christopher
Published: August 2022

Digital pen technologies have enabled new forms of interpreting and provided new ways to train interpreting students in consecutive interpreting; however, digital pens also provide an opportunity to collect interpreting process data that can serve as a proxy for cognitive behavior. This article examines the extant literature on notetaking and cognition to advocate for using digital pens to document the notetaking process and describes several ways in which this notetaking data can be analyzed to understand interpreter behavior. In addition, several potential research avenues are outlined to enhance the methodological tools available to undertake interpreting process research in dialogue and consecutive interpreting.
Identification, genetic diversity, and comparative evolution of the striped snakehead Channa striata (Bloch, 1793) in Wallacea, Indonesia
Authors: IRMAWATI IRMAWATI , MEIMULYA MEIMULYA , TASSAKKA ASMI CITRA MALINA A. R. , NADIARTI NADIARTI , RUKMINASARI NITA , KADRIAH INCE AYU KHAIRANA , NASRULLAH HASAN , ALIMUDDIN ALIMUDDIN
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Irmawati, Meimulya, Tassakka ACMAR, Nadiarti, Rukminasari N, Kadriah IAK, Nasrullah H, Alimuddin. 2022. Identification, genetic diversity, and comparative evolution of the striped snakehead Channa striata (Bloch, 1793) in Wallacea, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3327-3337. Striped snakehead, Channa striata populations have declined in some areas of Wallacea. This study aimed to identify the species, analyze the genetic diversity, and trace the evolutionary relationships of snakeheads in the Wallacea region with snakeheads in other geographic areas. This study was identifying all specimens in this study as C. striata. The Wallacean C. striata sequences comprised three haplotypes with five polymorphic sites (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs). No mutations were detected in the COI nucleotides of C. striata in the Tempe Lake complex, Patampanua River, and Bojo River; therefore, they belonged to the same haplotype. The C. striata from the Tangkoli tertiary drainage had unique haplotypes that differed from other C. striata haplotypes. The intraspecific genetic distance within C. striata was low while the interspecific genetic distance within the genus Channa was quite large, indicating that mutation rates are quite high in the genus Channa. Haplotype evolution showed that C. striata in Wallacea shared a common ancestral pathway with C. striata in Kalimantan, Java, and Bali and had a different ancestral pathway with C. striata in Lampung (Sumatra). The nucleotide composition of the C. striata COI gene followed the general pattern of the Teleostei and the Pisces superclass (T>C>A>G) with the G+C base percentage lower than the A+T percentage. The data from this study will be useful as a basis for designing germplasm conservation strategies and designing strategies to maintain C. striata populations and develop strains to meet future needs.
Identification of spatial data and ecology of Javan hawk-eagle's nest (Nisaetus bartelsi) in the Kondang Merak Coastal, South Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Iskandar Ratih RatnaSari Dewi , Elfidasari Dewi , Prawiradilaga Dewi Malia
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Iskandar RRD, Elfidasari D, Prawiradilaga DM. 2022. Identification of spatial data and ecology of Javan hawk-eagle's nest (Nisaetus bartelsi) in the Kondang Merak Coastal, South Malang, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3419-3428. Ecological identification of the Javan hawk-eagle's habitat (Nisaetus bartelsi) is necessary to understand the support of its life, such as the spatial data in connection with its home range, nest location, and the use of nest trees. The species must choose a location that suits its needs. According to several studies, The Javan hawk-eagle's presence was only in highland forests. The new report of The Javan hawk-eagle occurrence in Merak Kondang coastal confirmed The Javan hawk-eagle's presence in lowland forest. The objective of this study was to identify the landscape characteristics that become the habitat preferences of The Javan hawk-eagle in Merak Kondang coastal, South Malang, East Java. Analysis used in this study included habitat suitability maps, plant vegetation, spatial analysis of tree canopy, and tree nest architecture analysis. The home range of the Javan hawk-eagle in the Kondang Merak coastal, South Malang, East Java, covered an area of 149.94 Ha. Most of the home range overlapped between Javan hawk-eagle individuals, including siblings and between an individual Javan hawk-eagle with other species of eagle. The Javan hawk-eagle used Spondias pinnata as nest trees with the architectural model Scarrone. It used 3 different tree species for perching, namely Pterocymbium javanicum, Anthocephalus cadamba, and Alstonia angustiloba. In the tree phase, the dominant vegetation type was Spondias pinnata (IVI) 43,16%, the pole phase that dominates was Mallotus paniculatus (IVI) 62.31%, the dominant vegetation of the stake phase was Garcinia forbesii, and the seedling phase was Arenga obtusifolia (IVI) 71.42%. The highest diversity index (H') was in the tree phase (H’=2,34), which was in the moderately abundant category and was at an elevation of 8% (flat).
Assessment of in vitro activities and chemical profiling of Senecio hoggariensis growing in Algerian Sahara
Authors: ARAB YASMINE , SAHIN BIHTER , CEYLAN OZGUR , ZELLAGUI AMAR , OLMEZ OZGE TOKUL , KUCUKAYDIN SELCUK , TAMFU ALFRED NGENGE , OZTURK MEHMET , GHERRAF NOUREDDINE
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Arab Y, Sahin B, Ceylan O, Zellagui A, Olmez OT, Kucukaydin S, Tamfu AN, Ozturk M, Gherraf N. 2022. Assessment of in vitro activities and chemical profiling of Senecio hoggariensis growing in Algerian Sahara. Biodiversitas 23: 3498-3506. The in vitro antioxidant, anticholinesterase, tyrosinase inhibitory, antibiofilm, and anti-quorum sensing activities of the ethyl acetate extract of Senecio hoggariensis,growing in Algerian Sahara, were studied along with its chemical constituents using HPLC-DAD. The chromatographic analysisunveiled seven phenolic compounds, including p-coumaric acid as a major component. Additionally, the extract showed moderate DPPH radical scavenging activity, compared to known standards. At 200 ?g/mL, the extract disclosed equitable acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyryl-cholinesterase (BChE) and tyrosinase inhibition rates with respective values of 37.01±1.48%, 18.87±4.18% and 45.99±1.81%. Likewise, the extract exhibited a good antibiofilm activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10239 biofilm production with an inhibition ratio of 59.56±0.40%, at 50µg/mL. The anti-quorum sensing by QS-regulated violacein pigment production inhibition test was determined using Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 and CV12472. The swarming motility inhibition assay was determined using Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01. It is evident from the findings that Senecio hoggariensis could be considered potential antioxidant, anti-QS, and antibiofilm compounds. However, the origin of anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing activities of the ethyl acetate extract could be revealed by further studies on the mechanism of action of active compounds that can be isolated via activity-guided fractionation.
Exploitation of striped snakehead (Channa striata) in Sempor Reservoir, Central Java, Indonesia: A proposed conservation strategy
Authors: Setyaningrum Nuning , Lestari Windiarini , Krismono Krismono , Nuryanto Agus
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Setyaningrum N, Lestari W, Krismono, Nuryanto A. 2022. Exploitation of striped snakehead (Channa striata) in Sempor Reservoir, Central Java, Indonesia: A proposed conservation strategy. Biodiversitas 23: 3584-3592. Striped snakehead (Channa striata) has important economic value in freshwater systems, including Sempor Reservoir in Indonesia, where increases in catch sizes have resulted in a declining population. In this study, we determined its population size based on abundance and distribution of length and assessed the rate of exploitation based on estimated growth and mortality rates to determine a conservation strategy in Sempor Reservoir. The study was undertaken from March to October 2020. The method used was a purposive random sampling survey. Fish samples were taken from five stations with different land uses. The estimated growth, mortality, and exploitation rates were analyzed by Pauly's model using FISAT II. Channa striata abundance data were analyzed using a Kruskal-Wallis test. The results showed that the highest abundance of C. striata at the KW station was almost three times higher than at the BK station. The average size of the gonads at first maturity was 277.4 mm in females and 284 mm in males. The estimated growth parameters indicated an asymptotic length (L?) of 409.5 mm. An exploitation rate of 0.74 was classified as overfishing. The proposed conservation strategy is to limit the number of catches by as much as 44% and prohibit the catching of individuals with a length of 230-349 mm. Kedungwringin Station was defined as a reference area with the largest abundance and complete size distribution, namely, the pre-reproduction, reproduction, and post-reproduction stages. Bangkong Station was defined as a spawning ground because there were many fish in the reproductive stage and Sempor River Station was the nursery ground with mostly juvenile fish. These two sites must be protected for sustainable striped snakehead populations in the river and reservoir.
Spatial model of forest area designation and function based on multi-criteria in dry land and mangrove forest ecosystems, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: AKHBAR AKHBAR , NAHARUDDIN NAHARUDDIN , ARIANINGSIH IDA , MISRAH MISRAH , AKHBAR RAHMAT KURNIADI
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Akhbar, Naharuddin, Arianingsih I, Misrah, Akhbar RK. 2022. Spatial model of forest area designation and function based on multi-criteria in dry land and mangrove forest ecosystems, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3620-3630. Along with the dynamics of rapid social change and the need for land for economic development, land and climate parameters on changes in the designation and function of forest areas, it is time to integrate with socio-economic parameters and government policies while still paying attention to the condition of existing forest vegetation cover. This study aimed to develop a spatial analysis model of changes in the designation and function of forest areas based on multi-criteria in dry land and mangrove forest ecosystems. The research used a descriptive-spatial method with a multi-criteria-based decision-making technique for changes in the designation and function of forest areas. The data analysis utilizes Geographic Information System. The motivation for the proposed forest area change is the target to be achieved in the multi-criteria decision analysis. This research resulted in a spatial analysis approach that integrates scoring techniques and multi-criteria-based decision-making techniques. In Locus BL_010, a change in the function of forest area can be generated, while in Locus TL_003 a decision is made to change the allocation and function of forest area. The achievement of multi-criteria-based spatial analysis on changes in the designation and function of forest areas is quite flexible in decision making because each proposed motivational target will be achieved if it is in accordance with the established criteria and field facts.
Review: The effect and possible mitigation of UV radiation on baculoviruses as bioinsecticides
Authors: ANGGRAINI ERISE , HONG LAU WEI , VADAMALAI GANESAN , KONG LIH LING , MAT MAZIDAH
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Anggraini E, Lau WH, Vadamalai G, Kong LL, Mat M. 2022. Review: The effect and possible mitigation of UV radiation on baculoviruses as bioinsecticides. Biodiversitas 23: 3721-3735. Indiscriminate use of pesticides has raised concerns over environmental and human health issues. A more environmentally-friendly biological approach to control insect pests is gaining importance. For decades, bioinsecticides based on viruses have been used to protect crops and forests. The viruses belonging to the Baculoviridae family are known to infect insect pests, and hence can be used as biopesticides. Baculoviruses are mostly specific to the host and are not lethal to the non-target organism. However, their usage is limited for field application due to a slow kill speed and sensitivity towards UV irradiation. This review paper discusses the life cycle of baculoviruses, their mode of infection and transmission as well as the influence of UV radiation on the effectiveness of baculoviral insecticides for field application.
Geomorphological classification of benthic structures of Kaledupa Atoll Wakatobi National Park, Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan Alim , Siregar Vincentius P. , Susilo Setyo Budi , Mardiastuti Ani , Agus Syamsul Bahri
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Setiawan A, Siregar VP, Susilo SB, Mardiastuti A, Agus SB. 2022. Geomorphological classification of benthic structures of Kaledupa Atoll Wakatobi National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3784-3792. Geomorphological mapping is one solution to understanding the complexity of the seabed pattern. This research aims to map the benthic structure of Kaledupa Atoll using the Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System with the Benthic Terrain Modeler (BTM) extension. The data used is in situ bathymetry data using Mapsounder 585 and Sentinel 2A satellite image data downloaded for free. BTM is a technique for examining benthic habitat and shallow water geomorphology. BTM was used to analyze integrated depth data to determine the bathymetric position index (BPI), slope, and classification of reef geomorphological structures. Thirteen structural classes of habitat geomorphology resulting from this research are Flat plain with the largest area of ??17142.35 ha, and the class with the smallest area is Crevices class, with narrow gullies rock outcrops 1.64 ha. While the other classes in a row are Broad slope 9104.53 ha; Flat ridge tops, upper slopes 4262.67 ha; Current scoured depressions on a slope 3420.98 ha; Narrow depressions at the base of rock outcrops 2348.20 ha; Rock outcrop highs, narrow ridges 1792.45 ha; Local ridges, boulders, pinnacles on slopes 879.29 ha; Scarp, cliff or small local depressions on a slope 703.02 ha; Local ridges, boulders, pinnacles on broad flat 490.17 ha; Local depressions, current scoured on flat 416.39 ha; Local ridges, boulders, pinnacles on broad depressions 16.63 ha; and Steep slopes 2.88 ha.
Are white-rumped vultures (Gyps bengalensis) scavengers or predators at a vulture safe feeding site of Nepal?
Authors: Gautam Ramji , Baral Nabin , Sharma Hari Prasad
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Gautan R, Baral N, Sharma HP. 2022. Are white-rumped vultures (Gyps bengalensis) scavengers or predators at a vulture safe feeding site of Nepal?. Biodiversitas 23: 3808-3812. Establishing safe feeding sites has been promoted as a strategy to conserve wild vultures following the population crash in South Asia due to the contamination of natural food by veterinary diclofenac. Several feeding sites have been established in the region, including Nepal and it is important to evaluate their effectiveness. One aspect that is not clear yet is whether such safe feeding sites change the behaviors of wild vultures in South Asia. Here, we report incidents of White-rumped Vultures Gyps bengalensis attacking live animals at the Vulture Safe Feeding Site in Ghachok village in central Nepal. Even though a carcass was available nearby to feed upon, three White-rumped Vultures attacked an adult cow and a calf at the feeding site. The vultures’ attack served as an ancillary cause of the calf’s death in this case. These two incidents of vultures’ attacking live animals at the safe feeding site may allude to changing behaviors and cast doubt on their status of being classified as an obligate scavengers. The findings suggest alteration of vulture behaviors at the safe feeding site. Further research is needed to test the hypothesis of vulture behavior change.
Diversity of herbs and spices plants and their importance in traditional medicine in the South Aceh District, Indonesia
Authors: ADNAN ADNAN , NAVIA ZIDNI ILMAN , SILVIA MEGA , ANTIKA MAULIDA , SUWARDI ADI BEJO , BAIHAQI BAIHAQI , YAKOB MUHAMMAD
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Adnan, Navia ZI, Silvia M, Antika M, Suwardi AB, Baihaqi, Yakob M. 2022. Diversity of herbs and spices plants and their importance in traditional medicine in the South Aceh District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3836-3843. Kluet people are one of the ethnic communities living in Southern Aceh, Indonesia. Various herbs and spices plants are used by the Kluet people as a traditional medicine in treating diseases and disorders. The study aimed to investigate the diversity of herbs and spices plants and their importance in the traditional medical system. It was based on field surveys, plant collection, and semi-structured interviews with the local people. Interviews were performed with 355 informants selected by using the random sampling technique. A total of 30 medicinal plant species, consisting of 18 families, have been documented. Curcuma longa, Kaempferia galanga, Zingiber officinale, Citrus x aurantiifolia, Alpinia galanga, Averrhoa bilimbi, Elettaria cardamomum, Allium sativum, Cocos nucifera, and Syzygium aromaticum are the most popular medicinal plants known by Kluet people. More than 40% of traditional knowledge related to the use of herbs and spices as traditional medicine was obtained from their families/friends/neighbors. Traditional knowledge is thought to decline among generations. It is supposedly due to lifestyle changes as a result of modernization. The documentation and promotion of traditional medicine systems through formal and non-formal education may contribute to the conservation of biodiversity and traditional knowledge.
Analysis of bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermentation of rebon shrimp (Acetes sp.) in South Sorong, Indonesia as antibacterial agents
Authors: SUKMAWATI SUKMAWATI , SIPRIYADI SIPRIYADI , YUNITA MELDA , DEWI NURUL KUSUMA , NOYA ERIN D.
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Sukmawati S, Sipriyadi, Yunita M, Dewi NK, Noya ED. 2022. Analysis of bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermentation of rebon shrimp (Acetes sp.) in South Sorong, Indonesia as antibacterial agents. Biodiversitas 23: xxxx. Bacteriocins are protein compounds that are often used as biopreservative agents due to their antibacterial effects against various types of pathogenic bacteria. Bacteriocins are used as food additives that can control the growth of spoilage bacteria in food. Bacteriocins can be obtained from Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and are generally isolated from fermentation products, such as rebon shrimp fermentation. The objective of this study was to analyze the activity of bacteriocins isolated by fermented rebon shrimp in South Sorong as antibacterials. The method used in this study is a descriptive study by describing the ability of bacteriocins to inhibit pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium). The results showed that of the seven bacteriocin samples obtained from the fermented rebon shrimp paste and acidic shrimp paste were able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria (S. aureus, E. coli, and S. typhimurium). The sensitivity test of bacteriocin to protease enzymes and its activity against pathogenic bacteria showed that bacteriocins derived from LAB were not sensitive to proteinase-K. The test results of the effect of temperature on bacteriocins and their activity against pathogenic bacteria showed that these bacteriocins were stable at high temperatures, normal temperatures and freezing temperatures. The test results of the effect of pH on bacteriocin activity on pathogenic bacteria showed that bacteriocins were stable in a wide pH range including pH 2, pH 3, pH 4, and pH 5; potassium phosphate buffer with pH 6, 7, and 8; and glycine buffer with pH 9, 10, and 11. Meanwhile, The test results of the effect of NaCl on bacteriocin activity on pathogenic bacteria showed that the bacteriocin sample was not affected by the administration of NaCl. Thus it can be stated that the seven samples had a great ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria dan it can be further developed as the basis of natural food preservatives.
Knowledge forms and gendered moralities in policies of infant care in Brazil
Authors: Fonseca Claudia
Published: August 2022

Inspired by the anthropology of social policy, this article explores the labyrinth of knowledge forms, politics and morality through which a certain programme for early childhood development (ECD) has unfolded in Brazil. By tracking the materiality of ideas – the actors who defend them, the experiments that back them, and the institutional vectors that assure them legitimacy – I weave together variegated threads from neuroscientists, BBC documentaries and Brazilian politicians to moralised motherhoods, criminal brains and, finally, a surprising appraisal on the diminished cognitive capacity of a whole population. Nurtured in the critical analyses of intensive parenting and correlated discussions on ‘chaotic concepts’, I hope to seize on the Brazilian experience to incorporate a new variable into the cost-benefit equation often used to favour ECD – that of the moral fall-out concerning visions of gender, family and class.
Social understandings of children (re-)produced in everyday practices of childhood: the case of Polish housing estates
Authors: Nóżka Marcjanna
Published: August 2022

The article’s subject occupies a place in research on the actor-centred sociology of childhood. Its objective is to discuss the social understandings of children that emerge from the social practices of childhood and is based on a research study carried out with the participation of new parents in 2016–18. This article presents a proposal for the categorisation of these practices and the results of the analysis of understandings of children as social actors (re)produced in them. Analysis of the social understandings of children from the point of view of practices can provide a new perspective by revealing the complexity of human subjectivity and its performativity, opening new possibilities in the field of studies on children and their agency in everyday lives.
An intersectional model of reflection: is social work fit for purpose in an intersectionally racist world?
Authors: Nayak Suryia
Published: August 2022

Reflection is a trademark tool of social work, but if reflection tools are blunt, they will never dismantle the house of intersectional racist oppression. This provocation contends that reflective models need to decisively focus on intersections of power, privilege and position. The origins of Black feminist intersectionality determine intersectionality’s function as an efficacious tool of reflection. This article offers a model of intersectional reflection that explicitly scrutinises the interdependent interconnections of power to expose the compound injuries of intersectional racism and enables the identification of places of safety and opportunities for transformation. Located within a metanarrative for Black feminist social work, intersectional reflection identifies the criss-cross roads of social inequality, names the vehicles of power, analyses the intersectional crash and assesses bio-psychosocial injuries. If social work is to stand a chance of being fit for purpose in an intersectionally racist world, it needs to be based on Black feminist theory.
Activation measures through the lens of governmentality
Authors: Bengtsson Staffan , Panican Alexandru , Ulmestig Rickard
Published: August 2022

This article focuses on young unemployed people in Sweden involved in two activation measures. Using the analytical framework of governmentality, it analyses how the participants perceive and value activation measures as government-driven interventions aimed at bringing young people into the labour market based on a neoliberal discourse of the welfare state. The article highlights that the welfare system tries to not only promote behavioural changes, but also change the way people think. At the centre of the study are the people-changing technologies embedded in the Swedish norms of a strong work ethic. The analysis underlines how these technologies are internalised and even become a part of the participant’s own free will.
The ‘medieval castle approach’: social work and the Irish and Swiss asylum-seeking processes
Authors: Policante Elena , Garrett Paul Michael
Published: August 2022

Social workers, broadly conceived, are engaged in assisting asylum seekers. Grounded in a small empirical study encompassing the Republic of Ireland and Switzerland, the article comments on the wider context and issues relating to asylum, migration and social work. The findings incorporate themes stretching across six interrelated dimensions: the practitioners’ own backgrounds; the lack of professional social workers; the dependence on volunteers; inadequate resourcing and high caseloads; inadequate supervision; and categorisation. All these issues are significant for social work education and for a profession that needs to exhibit more interest in questions of migration and more of a commitment to human rights.
Recentring anti-racist practice in social work education and training in England: a qualitative study
Authors: Pentaris Panagiotis , Raja Mariam , Hanna Sue , Oresanya Abiola
Published: August 2022

Data from nine focus-group discussions is presented here, contained within a larger study. The focus groups involved social work students, academics, practice educators and newly qualified social workers, and explored challenges and opportunities as these emerged from the upsurge of the Black Lives Matter movement and relevant activism following the end of May 2020. The majority of participants do not feel that they have been prepared well for anti-racist practice; more than one third of the respondents has felt discriminated against in their practice; and most claimed that their placement or practice adheres to culturally sensitive practice. This article concludes that a sustained agenda in social work education and training is needed that will address anti-racist practice by name, as well as promote a greater degree of self-awareness and self-understanding of professionals.
Real-time 3D imaging of ocean algae with crosstalk suppressed single-shot digital holographic microscopy
Authors: Tang Ming , He Hao , Yu Longkun
Published: August 2022

Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) has the potential to reconstruct the 3D shape of volumetric samples from a single-shot hologram in a label-free and noninvasive manner. However, the holographic reconstruction is significantly compromised by the out-of-focus image resulting from the crosstalk between refocused planes, leading to the low fidelity of the results. In this paper, we propose a crosstalk suppression algorithm-assisted 3D imaging method combined with a home built DHM system to achieve accurate 3D imaging of ocean algae using only a single hologram. As a key step in the algorithm, a hybrid edge detection strategy using gradient-based and deep learning-based methods is proposed to offer accurate boundary information for the downstream processing. With this information, the crosstalk of each refocused plane can be estimated with adjacent refocused planes. Empowered by this method, we demonstrated successful 3D imaging of six kinds of ocean algae that agree well with the ground truth; we further demonstrated that this method could achieve real-time 3D imaging of the quick swimming ocean algae in the water environment. To our knowledge, this is the first time single-shot DHM is reported in 3D imaging of ocean algae, paving the way for on-site monitoring of the ocean algae.