bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multicriteria optimal selection of a hydraulic cylinder for drive mechanisms
Authors: Mitrev Rosen , Todorov Todor
Published: April 2021

The paper reports the optimization synthesis of a hydraulically actuated drive mechanism. A mathematical model of the mechanism using vector closure equations is developed. Based on the functional purpose of the mechanism, a set of geometric and force/moment requirements are defined which must be met by a proper selection of a standardized hydraulic cylinder and its points of attachment. A multiobjective design optimization task is defined with three objective functions whose minimum is searched - the mass of the hydraulic cylinder, the squared total deviation of the developed by the hydraulic cylinder moments from the predefined values of the external moments and the force in the hydraulic cylinder. The defined multiobjective optimization task is considered as a mixed variable nonlinear constrained optimization problem containing 5 continuous and 2 discrete variables and the multistage Monte Carlo method is used for its solution. Using different weighting schemes several Pareto-optimal compromise solutions are obtained.
Shiite critique of Ibn Arabi's teachings on Qutbiyyah (spiritual polehood)
Authors: Čemo Kenan
Published: April 2021

Ibn Arabī (died in 1240) is seen as one of the key representatives of spiritual anthropology in Muslim mysticism (taṣawwuf), which he presented as a systematic analysis in his teachings on the Perfect Man (al-Insān al-kāmil) and the whole hierarchy of the spiritually excellent led by the so-called quṭb (spiritual Pivot or Pole). However, the theory of the Perfect Man and the institutions of spiritual Pole (quṭb) are not only crucial in taṣawwuf. We would say that these issues also essentially constitute the very core of Shiite spirituality, as well as within Shiism, as one of the two basic currents of Muslim interpretive genius. To talk about this central pillar of ʻirfānī (gnostic) wisdom without at least generally showing an understanding of it within the spirituality of duodecimal Shiism (al-iṯnā ʻashariyya), would be a gross negligence of the fundamental content of one of the two basic currents of Muslim "mysticism", even more so since Shiite critique of Ibn Arabī's teachings on quṭbiyyat and its supporters is the only viable and noteworthy one.
Effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources combination in medium for production of biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum
Authors: Mitrović Ivana , Tančić-Živanov Sonja , Purar Božana , Trivunović Zorana , Mitrović Bojan
Published: April 2021

The increasing usage of chemicals for plant protection in recent years has become a serious problem. One of the possible solutions is use of beneficial microorganisms instead of synthetic fungicides, which will contribute to the protection of the environment and human health. Since the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium graminearum are the most important pathogens that cause maize diseases and produce mycotoxins, the potential of Trichoderma harzianum for biocontrol of both phytopathogens was examined in this paper. The aim of this paper was to study the influence of different carbon and nitrogen combinations in the medium for T. harzianum production. T. harzianum was cultivated in Erlenmeyer flasks and the effect of cultivation broth against selected maize pathogens was tested using well diffusion method. The results of this study showed that the combination of different carbon and nitrogen sources in the T. harzianum cultivation medium statistically significantly affects the production of Trichoderma cultivation broth effective on two tested phytopathogens. Dextrose as a carbon source and soybean flour as a nitrogen source proved to be the best combination in the medium for production of T. harzianum cultivation broth effective on A. flavus and F. graminearum. Maximal inhibition zone diameters of 31 mm and 56.33 mm were registered in those medium formulations for A. flavus and F. graminearum, respectively. These researches represent an important step for further research in which a medium of low market value would be selected. This would reduce the price of the production process but also the final product.
Security sector and/or community policing
Authors: Jovičić Dragomir
Published: April 2021

It is very important how government bodies carry out their activity. This is especially true of the police given the nature of their duties. It is quite certain that the police cannot perform their function if they do not have an appropriate communication and cooperation with the citizens. The quality of cooperation with the citizens largely determines what results the police will achieve. In addition to police work in security sectors, which has been implemented in our region for 50 years, there were ideas to introduce a new concept which shifts from a cooperation with citizens to a type of partnership, meaning that the citizens and the police together determine priorities and the manner of carrying out police duties, making the citizens also responsible for the security situation. However, in our legal system, it was impossible to put this new idea into action.
Clinical Features and Predictors of Dysplasia in Proximal Sessile Serrated Lesions
Authors: Tan Yi Yuan , Tay Gary Sei Kiat , Wong Yu Jun , Li James Weiquan , Kwek Andrew Boon Eu , Ang Tiing Leong , Wang Lai Mun , Tan Malcolm Teck Kiang
Published: April 2021

Background/Aims: Proximal colorectal cancers (CRCs) account for up to half of CRCs. Sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) are precursors to CRC. Proximal location and presence of dysplasia in SSLs predict higher risks of progression to cancer. The prevalence of dysplasia in proximal SSLs (pSSLs) and clinical characteristics of dysplastic pSSLs are not well studied.Methods: Endoscopically resected colonic polyps at our center between January 2016 and December 2017 were screened for pSSLs. Data of patients with at least one pSSL were retrieved and clinicopathological features of pSSLs were analysed. pSSLs with and without dysplasia were compared for associations.Results: Ninety pSSLs were identified, 45 of which had dysplasia giving a prevalence of 50.0%. Older age (65.9 years vs. 60.1 years, p=0.034) was associated with the presence of dysplasia. Twelve pSSLs were 10 mm or larger. After adjusting for age, pSSLs ≥10 mm had an adjusted odds ratio of 5.98 (95% confidence interval, 1.21–29.6) of having dysplasia compared with smaller pSSLs.Conclusions: In our cohort of pSSLs, the prevalence of dysplasia is high at 50.0% and is associated with lesion size ≥10 mm. Endoscopic resection for all proximal serrated lesions should be en-bloc to facilitate accurate histopathological examination for dysplasia as its presence warrants shorter surveillance intervals.
Sails Aerodynamic Behavior in Dynamic Conditions
Authors: Fossati Fabio , Muggiasca Sara
Published: April 2021

The aerodynamic behaviour of a 48’ yacht rig 3D scale model was characterized by means of wind tunnel tests. The experimental campaign, performed in the Politecnico di Milano Twisted Flow Wind Tunnel, allowed to characterize the aerodynamic forces using forced motion tests and to study the aeroelastic behaviour of the sailplan. Preliminary results are presented with reference to the typical encounter frequency range and typical pitch amplitudes corresponding to best yacht VMG condition for different true wind speed and relevant sea state.
“No meu tempo, [...] haveria um respeito ao sexo e ao gênero das pessoas”: Reiterações das normas de gênero e da heteronormatividade no currículo escolar
Authors: Oliveira Danilo Araujo de , Ferrari Anderson
Published: April 2021

Este artigo traz parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado em Educação que analisou os processos de (re)produção de sujeitos generificados em uma escola pública de Educação Básica, localizada em Aracaju (SE). Esta pesquisa foi elaborada sob a perspectiva pós-crítica educacional entre os anos 2015 e 2017. Como metodologia, articulamos entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise do discurso e problematização de inspiração foucaultiana. Para produção de informações, utilizamos entrevistas com perguntas semiestruturada com 16 docentes (12 mulheres e 4 homens), com idade entre 27 e 66 anos. Foi possível perceber que as normas de gênero, em articulação com a heternormatividade, estão presentes na escola investigada a partir de discursos científico, biológico e religioso que, por sua vez, estabelecem dicotomias, vinculações e resistências caracterizando gênero como algo em constante produção e (re)produção. Considerando que problematização é um convite para colocar sob suspeita nossas formas de pensar e agir, mobilizamos, pois, os excertos das entrevistas como um aceite a esse convite e como um modo de tensionar esses discursos.
Palavras-chave: Gênero. Escola. Pós-crítica. Heteronormatividade.
Is the Episodic Buffer of Baddeley independent of the Central Executive? A new measure of the Episodic Buffer
Authors: Vila Chaves José Óscar , Gutiérrez Martínez Francisco , García Madruga Juan Antonio
Published: April 2021

El Retén Episódico (RE) está tomando un creciente papel central en las explicaciones sobre el funcionamiento de la memoria operativa. De hecho, los últimos estudios de Baddeley y sus colaboradores sitúan al RE en el corazón del sistema de memoria. Recientemente la discusión también atañe a si este componente de la memoria operativa presenta una naturaleza independiente respecto a los recursos del ejecutivo central. Algunos estudios muestran como en tareas automatizadas, la construcción y mantenimiento de elementos almacenados en el RE no requieren de recursos desde el ejecutivo central.

El presente trabajo pretende analizar esta cuestión para lo que se toman diferentes variables y se ha diseñado un nuevo test para medir el EB. En este test de doble tarea, la tarea secundaria consiste en la lectura de textos sencillos que contienen palabras ocultas. Los resultados muestran como a pesar del aumento del procesamiento debido al incremento de la longitud de los textos, no se produce un aumento en la carga demandada por el ejecutivo central, ni en la creación de los agrupamientos de información ni en su mantenimiento. Es por ello, que pensamos que el RE bajo ciertas circunstancias es independiente del ejecutivo central.

The Episodic Buffer (EB) is taking on an increasingly central role in explanations regarding the functioning of working memory. In fact, in the most recent studies by Baddeley and his collaborators, the EB has situated itself at the core of this memory system. Recently under discussion is that this component of working memory seems to demonstrate an independent nature with respect to central executive resourcing. Some studies show that in automatic tasks the creation and maintenance of elements stored in the episodic buffer do not require resources from the central executive.

The current work attempts to evaluate this assumption for what different variables are taken and a new test has been developed to measure the EB. In this double task test, the secondary task consists of reading short simple texts that contain missing words. The results show that further processing due to increasing the length of the texts does not correspond to higher load demands made on the central executive, nor in the creation (organization) of chucks or their maintenance. Thus, we believe the EB is under certain circumstances independent of the central executive.
Curiosity as a moderating variable between Impulsivity and Entrepreneurial Orientation
Authors: Boada-Grau Joan , Vallejo-Vélez Mauricio , Serrano-Fernández María-José , Sánchez-García José Carlos , Boada-Cuerva Maria , Assens-Serra Jordi , Vigil-Colet Andreu
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar si la curiosidad es una variable moderadora entre la Impulsividad y la Orientación Emprendedora. Se utiliza una muestra multiocupacional de 883 empleados españoles (49 % hombres, 51 % mujeres), obtenidos mediante un muestreo no probabilístico. Se ha utilizado el programa SPSS 23.0. Se encontraron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre todas las variables de la investigación a excepcion de la impulsividad Funcional. Finalmente, la evidencia empírica indica que la Curiosidad-D tiene un papel moderador entre la impulsividad Disfuncional y la Orientación Emprendedora mostrada, en el sentido de que la Curiosidad-D (entendida como una variable cuantitativa) afecta la intensidad de la relación entre la Impulsividad Disfuncional (variable predictora) y la Orientación Emprendedora (variable de criterio).

The objective of the present study is to analyze whether the variable Curiosity is a moderating variable between Impulsivity and Entrepreneurial Orientation. The multi-occupational sample of 883 Spanish and Colombian employees (49% men, 51% women) was obtained through non-probabilistic sampling. The data collected were processed with the SPSS 23.0 program. Statistically significant correlations were found among all the research variables except for Functional Impulsivity. Finally, empirical evidence indicates that Curiosity-D plays a moderating role between Dysfunctional Impulsivity and Entrepreneurial Orientation in the sense that Curiosity-D (understood as a quantitative variable) affects the intensity of the relationship between Dysfunctional Impulsivity (predictor variable) and Entrepreneurial Orientation (criterion variable).
Publikationsstøtte
Authors: Redaktionen -
Published: April 2021

Publikationsstøtte
Forsidestof
Authors: Redaktionen -
Published: April 2021

Forside og indholdsfortegnelse.
Levende biblioteksbilleder
Authors: Dyrbye Martin
Published: April 2021

I de senere år er det blevet mere og mere almindeligt, at biblioteker fortæller om sig selv og deres virke gennem brugen af levende billeder. Fx findes på det efterhånden meget udbredte massemedie eller såkaldte "sociale medie" YouTube talrige skandinaviske filmoptagelser - enten optaget på video eller film, som så siden er blevet digitaliserede - omhandlende biblioteker. Disse biblioteksfilm har en kortere eller længere varighed og emnespredningen er stor, men mange af dem er af oplysende karakter.
Dansk Bibliotekshistorisk Selskab
Authors: Redaktionen -
Published: April 2021

Både i udlandet og herhjemme har man i de senere år kunnet konstatere en glædelig stigning i interessen for bibliotekernes historiske baggrund og udvikling. Interessen har været knyttet både til de enkelte folkebibliotekers og forskningsbibliotekers historie som institutioner og til studiet af den betydning, biblioteksvæsenet som sådant gennem tiderne har haft for kultur og samfundsudvikling.
Centralbibliotekarernes vandrebogSpredte træk af de danske folkebibliotekers historie1919-24
Authors: Daugaard Poul
Published: April 2021

Det var på landsudstillingen i Århus 1909, at overbibliotekar H. O. Lange holdt sit i bibliotekskredse berømte foredrag om Bibliotekssagen udenfor København} Han hævdede heri, at biblioteksvæsenet i Danmark burde være et organisk sammenhængende hele, og han sagde bl.a.: »Bibliotekssagen trænger til Organisation, og dette vil sige, at der maa skabes en Række aktive Centra, hver med sit Opland, i fast organiseret Samarbejde med de lokale Folkebogsamlinger til den ene og med de videnskabelige Biblioteker til den anden Side. Det vil være baade naturligt og formaalstjenligt at holde sig til en i det daglige Liv saa velkendt administrativ Inddeling som Amterne, saa at hvert af vore 18 Amter faar sit offentlige Centralbibliotek.
Efterskrift
Authors: De Hartyani Marton
Published: April 2021

Dansk Bibliotekshistorisk Selskab har af flere årsager valgt at udgive A. G. Drachmanns manuskript om Sofus Larsen. Det hører til Selskabets opgaver at udgive centrale bibliotekshistoriske tekster. Både som biblioteksmand og forsker er Sofus Larsen temmelig lidt omtalt i memoirelitteraturen. Drachmanns portræt af ham er langt det mest fyldige, og ved at trykke det, forsynet med relevante kommentarer og referencer samt i efterskrift suppleret med den viden, vi i øvrigt har om Larsen, fremstår et biografisk studie, der behandler de fleste relevante sider af Larsens virke. Manuskriptet lægger hovedvægten på en omtale af Larsens tid som overbibliotekar ved Universitetsbiblioteket (1909-1925). Herunder behandles også bibliotekets almindelige historie i denne periode, og som den længstlevende fra denne tid kan Drachmann bidrage med mange træk og detailler, som ellers ville være gået i glemmebogen.
At kunne skelne lys fra lygtemænd
Authors: Bruhns Svend , Ørom Anders
Published: April 2021

Selskabet for Trykkefrihedens rette Brug og folkeoplysningen Selskabet for Trykkefrihedens rette Brug blev stiftet i marts 1835. Det var den første politiske forening efter århundredeskiftet. Selskabet udsprang af et initiativ fra en gruppe embedsmænd, borgere og småborgere, der gennem en petition anmodede kongen om ikke at skærpe censuren. Baggrunden var, at pressen i begyndelsen af 1830rne havde kritiseret trykkefrihedslovgivningen og andre politiske forhold.
Beretning 1988-90
Authors: Redaktionen -
Published: April 2021

Dansk Bibliotekshistorisk Selskab - Beretning 1988-90
... med musiklivet i centrum
Authors: Christiansen Bent
Published: April 2021

»En sådan bredt anlagt musikalsk oplysningsaktion ville fa en virksom støtte, hvis man til folkebibliotekerne knyttede diskoteker. Grammofonpladerne måtte i så fald købes efter de samme kulturelle retningslinier som dem, der i øjeblikket følges ved bibliotekernes bogkøb ... At det for mange, ikke mindst de unge, ville være af stor betydning, hvis der på bibliotekerne fandtes aflytningsrum, er vel givet.« Sådanne ord kunne Karl Bjarnhof skrive i 1953, i bogen Mennesket i Centrum: Bidrag til en aktiv kulturpolitik, som blev resultatet af et udvalgsarbejde, iværksat af Socialdemokratiet i 1947, med det formål at undersøge mulighederne for en aktiv og sammenhængende kulturpolitik.
Danske folkebiblioteker under besættelsen
Authors: Kirkegaard Preben
Published: April 2021

Det historiske tidsrum, der skal beskrives, er 1940-45, og vi kan yderligere præcisere det fra 9. april 1940 til 5. maj 1945. Da jeg er blevet bedt om at redegøre for mine personlige erfaringer fra folkebiblioteksarbejdet, ja, så lader stedet sig præcist lokalisere til Århus Folkebibliotek, som tillige var centralbibliotek og derfor betjente et stort landdistrikt med mange sognebiblioteker, for at være helt nøjagtig havde vi 66 selvstændige sognebiblioteker, og hertil kommer et antal udlånssteder, som vel bringer tallet op på hen ved 100 enheder. Århus havde 90.898 indbyggere og i biblioteket var indskrevet 14.949 voksne lånere, som lånte 361.172 bøger i løbet af det første krigsår, hvor budgettet var på 154.140 kr. og bogbestanden 49.147 bd. Da børne- og skolebiblioteker i disse år var selvstændige administrative enheder, udelukker jeg omtalen af deres arbejde.
Forsidestof
Authors: Redaktionen -
Published: April 2021

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Bureaukratiseringen af bibliotekssagen
Authors: Skouvig Laura
Published: April 2021

I perioden 1910-1920 foregik en tiltagende bureaukratisering af bibliotekssagen i Danmark gennem den statslige komite, Statens Bogsamlingskomite, der blev ledet af A.S. Steenberg. Bureaukratiseringen angik både arbejdet i bibliotekerne rundt i landet og arbejdet i Statens Bogsamlingskomite. Bureaukratiseringen udgik fra fordelingen af statens tilskud til bibliotekerne, hvor tilskuddet i stigende grad blev brugt til at etablere en norm for bibliotekerne. Samtidig medførte arbejdet med ansøgningerne en skriftlighed ogdokumentation, som Steenberg anvendte til dokumentation af bibliotekssagens nytte. Normen blev understreget af, at behovet for dokumentationen medførte indførslen af ensartede opgørelser af udlånet og dermed et fælles klassifikations- og katalogiseringssystem. Med bureaukratiseringen kunne komiteen og Steenberg sikre at bibliotekssagen blev et effektivt og nyttigt virkende biblioteksvæsen.
Bøger til søs
Authors: Dyrbye Morten
Published: April 2021

I artiklen om forhistorien bag oprettelsen af Sø fartens Bibliotek belyses den rolle, som Danmarks Biblioteksforening faktisk spillede i forbindelse hermed, men som ikke er særlig velbelyst i den ellersglimrende fremstilling af bibliotekets historie forfattet af Kaj Lund i forbindelse med dets 25 års jubilæum i 1964. Det havde imidlertid sine grunde, idet Kaj Lund ikke havde adgang til foreningens arkiv. Ved oprettelsen af Sø fartens Bibliotek i 1939 havde stifterne for øvrigt heller ikke tanke for, at Danmarks Biblioteksforening i forbindelse med det gryende nordiske samarbejde tog spørgsmålet ombiblioteksbetjeningen af søfarende op, som led i dens bestræbelser på at udbrede bibliotekssagen til alle befolkningsgrupper i Danmark. Med andre ord: denne side af bibliotekshistorien blev i løbet af et årti glemt indtil et større udredningsarbejde og arkivstudier i Danmarks Biblioteksforenings arkiv i forbindelse med udgivelsen af Det Stærke Folkebibliotek (2005) førte til ny viden, som supplerer Kaj Lunds Søfartens Bibliotek 1939-1964 (1964).
Preben Kirkegꜳrd fortæller fra sit professionelle liv
Authors: Ettrup Flemming , Harbo Ole
Published: April 2021

Preben Kirkegaard fortæller fra sit professionelle liv.Interview ved Flemming Ettrup fra 1998 bearbejdet af Ole Harbo.
Skampæl og bogafbrænding i Rostock i maj 1933
Authors: Jügelt Karl-Heinz
Published: April 2021

Siden mit foredrag på Det kongelige Bibliotek i København d. 13. januar 2004 om den fascistiske bogafbrænding i Tyskland i maj 1933, især illustreret med hændelserne på det mecklenborgskelandsuniversitet i Rostock, gav 7 5 års dagen for bogafbrændingerne d. 10. maj 2008 på ny anledning til talrige mindearrangementer. Blandt disse fortjener præsentationen af "Bibliothek Verbrannter Blicher - Eine Auswahl der von den Nationalsozialisten verfemten und verbotenen Literatur" d. 9. maj 2008 på Deutsches Historisches Museum i Berlin en særlig omtale som et markant mindesmærke af helt særlig karakter.
Køn, kroppe og kontroverser i håndværksfagene
Authors: Ebsen Maia
Published: April 2021

Diskussioner omkring køn rykker i stigende grad ind på danske arbejdspladser. Den offentlige debat problematiserer især den vertikale kønsopdeling på arbejdsmarkedet, dvs. kønsfordelingen i de enkelte arbejdspladsers hierarki, hvorimod den horisontale kønsopdeling, dvs. kønsfordelingen inden for erhvervssektorer og fag, i mindre grad er genstand for debat. Men hvad kan vi lære om kønsproblematikker i arbejdslivet gennem antropologisk feltarbejde, der går tæt på arbejdsforholdene for kvindelige ansatte i en såkaldt mandsdomineret branche? I denne artikel kigger jeg inden for hos en håndværksvirksomhed, som søger at ansætte flere kvindelige håndværkere. Jeg undersøger relationen mellem køn, krop og faglighed og viser herigennem, hvordan de kvindelige håndværkeres tilgang til faget problematiseres, samtidig med at de bidrager til en nytænkning af byggearbejdet.
Frisk luft på skolebænken: Antropologiske bidrag til den smarte by
Authors: Lex Simon
Published: April 2021

Foranlediget af en stærk politisk teknologioptimisme fremhæves ”den smarte by” ofte som en vigtig brik i den grønne omstilling i Danmark. Innovative teknologier og digitale systemer skal sikre en klimavenlig udvikling af byens bygninger og infrastrukturer. I forsøget på at realisere den smarte by fremkommer der imidlertid en diskrepans mellem de teknologiske forhåbninger og dagligdagens praktikaliteter. Derfor involveres antropologer, som ved at dokumentere menneskers måder at leve på i byen kan udvide en markant teknisk orienteret tilgang til den smarte by. Et studie af smarte byer i Øresundsregionen viser, at antropologer kan bidrage til en forståelse af forskellige positioner og interessenter i byen, hvormed en konstruktiv relation imellem borgere, lokale organisationer og centralt styrede institutioner opbygges. Med en empatisk tilgang og flersidet analyse introducerer antropologien forståelser, som hjælper med at tænke og agere på tværs af organisatoriske skel og derved giver et bedre grundlag for en bæredygtig byudvikling.
Fra håndboldbanen til erhvervslivet: Nye antropologiske perspektiver på ledelse og præstation
Authors: Helligsøe Kasper Pape , Vangkilde Kasper Tang
Published: April 2021

Det sker jævnligt, at der drages paralleller mellem sport og erhvervsliv. Som oftest er det tidligere eliteudøvere, der reflekterer over deres egne erfaringer og relevansen af disse i en erhvervsmæssig sammenhæng. Men hvad kan vi lære, hvis denne parallel udsættes for en detaljeret undersøgelse, hvor sport og erhvervsliv belyses, analyseres og sammenstilles? I denne artikel inviterer vi indenfor i den professionelle håndboldklub Bjerringbro-Silkeborg Håndbold (BSH) med det formål at beskrive, hvordan ledelse og præstation i håndboldklubben finder sted, og hvordan dette kan bringes konstruktivt i spil i erhvervslivet, her i softwarevirksomheden Systematic. Ambitionen er at udvikle nye indsigter og tiltag indenfor ledelse af teams i præstationsmiljøer såvel som mere bredt at vise sammenligningens kreative potentiale. Men er sammenligning af håndbold og softwareudvikling ikke ligesom at sammenligne æbler og pærer? Jo delvist, men det er netop en del af pointen. Det skal vi vise ved at trække på antropologiens tradition for at sammenligne forskellige samfund og fællesskaber.
Paradiplomatiske relationer i Rigsfællesskabet
Authors: Østergaard Eva Victoria Arpe , Agerskov Mathilde , Pedersen Morten Muff
Published: April 2021

Gennem interviews med diplomater og embedspersoner fra Danmark, Grønland og Færøerne har vi undersøgt det udenrigspolitiske samarbejde i rigsfællesskabet. Med denne artikel ønsker vi at bidrage til en bedre forståelse af, hvordan samarbejdet mellem rigsfællesskabets frontlinjediplomater fungerer, samt hvordan disses handlerum er formet af rigsfællesskabets institutioner og den internationale politiske kontekst. På baggrund af vores data er det vores forventning, at man med relativt få ressourcer kan styrke samarbejdet og dermed rigsfællesskabet. Vi anbefaler, at kontakten mellem Grønlands og Færøernes frontlinjediplomater og Asiatisk Plads øges, samt at Udenrigsministeriet i højere grad arbejder for at udbrede kendskabet til Danmarks forpligtelse til at inddrage og oplyse Grønland og Færøerne om udenrigspolitiske forhold. Grønland og Færøerne og deres respektive frontlinjediplomater bør i videst muligt omfang inkluderes på det udenrigspolitiske område, således af man fra dansk side giver rigsfællesskabets parter reel medindflydelse
Models For Forecasting The Number Of Russian Grandparents
Authors: Bagirova Anna , Shubat Oksana
Published: April 2021

Russian demographic statistics does not provide information about the number of grandparents. The aim of our study is to present models for forecasting their number. We used data from the Human Fertility Database to estimate the average age of a mother at the birth of her first child. Based on the simulated age of Russian women’s entry into grandparenthood, the time series of the number of Russian grandmothers was created. To obtain prospective estimates of the number of Russian grandmothers, we tested various models used in demography to forecast population size – mathematical (based on exponential and logistic functions) and statistical (based on statistical characteristics of time series). To estimate the number of grandmothers who are significantly involved in caring for grandchildren, we used data from the Federal statistical survey. Our results are as follows: 1) there is an increase in the age of entry into grandparenthood; 2) we estimated the size of potential grandmothers in different years and we found two models which are more appropriate for forecasting: linear trend model and average absolute growth model; 3) using these models, we predicted an increase in the number of both potential and active grandmothers in the next 5 years.
Clearinghouses Versus Central Counterparties From Margin Calculation Point Of View
Authors: Friesz Melinda , Varadi Kata
Published: April 2021

Clearinghouses and central counterparties (CCPs) have a notable role in financial markets, namely facilitating securities trading and derivative transactions on exchanges and over-the-counter markets. They have to clear the transactions and carry out their settlements to decrease costs and settlement risk. To efficiently carry out this activity, they need to collect adequate collateral from the trading parties as guarantees. Two main elements of these guarantees are the margin requirement and default fund contribution. Our paper focuses on the margin calculations and emphasizes their notable difference in the case of clearinghouses and CCPs. Our main result is that clearinghouses’ margin requirement is better from a procyclicality point of view; however, CCP margining is more prudent based on our results.
Machine Learning Technology Overview In Terms Of Digital Marketing And Personalization
Authors: Nikolajeva Anna , Teilans Artis
Published: April 2021

The research is dedicated to artificial intelligence technology usage in digital marketing personalization. The doctoral theses will aim to create a machine learning algorithm that will increase sales by personalized marketing in electronic commerce website. Machine learning algorithms can be used to find the unobservable probability density function in density estimation problems. Learning algorithms learn on their own based on previous experience and generate their sequences of learning experiences, to acquire new skills through self-guided exploration and social interaction with humans. An entirely personalized advertising experience can be a reality in the nearby future using learning algorithms with training data and new behaviour patterns appearance using unsupervised learning algorithms. Artificial intelligence technology will create website specific adverts in all sales funnels individually.
FE Model Of A Cord-Rubber Railway Brake Tube Subjected To Extreme Operational Loads On A Reverse Curve Test Track
Authors: Szabo Gyula , Varadi Karoly
Published: April 2021

In certain cases, rolling stocks and railway vehicle components, i.e. brake tubes need to operate under extreme conditions such as at sub-zero temperature (e.g. -40°C) and on a reverse curve track, when displacements of the suspension points of the tubes cause large deformations in tubes. In this paper, displacements of the suspension points of the tubes are determined by a kinematic model validated by a draw and buffing gear test [1]. Afterwards, FE simulation has been carried out at minimum and maximum suspension point distance based on these displacements for the investigation of stress, strain states and possible failure considering the case of internal pressure and no internal pressure. Equivalent strain, stress and Tsai-Hill failure indices are much below the criterial values, so failure is not probable. The straight section between the curves of opposite curvatures reduces deformation in tubes in the critical positions leading to lower strain, stress and failure index values.
Change Detection For Area Surveillance Using A Moving Camera
Authors: Watanabe Tatsuhisa , Nakashima Tomoharu , Kusunoki Yoshifumi
Published: April 2021

This paper tackles change detection for area surveillance with a moving device. None of the existing datasets for change detection meets a surveillance scenario where a camera is mounted on a moving platform and pointed in the direction of moving. Thus, this paper creates a new dataset including several challenging points. For this dataset, this paper employs a composable method and proposes some components. To evaluate the proposed components, some corresponding classic methods were also tested on the dataset. As a result, the proposals outperformed them. Moreover, this paper investigated the relationship between the parameters of the components and their performance.
Planning Of Sustainable Energy Systems For Residential Areas Using An Open Source Optimization Tool And Open Data Ressources
Authors: Driever Heiko , Thomssen Ursel , Hanfeld Marc
Published: April 2021

Global warming and CO2 emission reduction targets mandate a closer look to energy system planning on different levels. In this work we model a typical residential area that will be built and has to be equipped with a cost optimized, decentral energy system with a high degree of energy autarky and integration of renewable sources. We sketch out the optimization problem and show that the optimization can be done using open data and an open source tool, the Helmholtz Framework for Integrated Energy System Assessment tool, FINE, exclusively. The energy system model chooses from a predetermined set of technologies, takes into account a temporal discretization approach for energy demands as well as for energy production capacities and considers decentralized sector coupling options. As a result, we get a cost-optimized energy system structure as a base for energy system design.
Minimizing Mean Response Time In Batch-Arrival Non-Observable Systems With Single-Server FIFO Queues Operating In Parallel
Authors: Konovalov Mikhail , Razumchik Rostislav
Published: April 2021

Consideration is given to a dispatching system, where jobs, arriving in batches, cannot be stored and thus must be immediately routed to single-server FIFO queues operating in parallel. The dispatcher can memorize its routing decisions but at any time instant does not have any system's state information. The only information available is the batch/job size and inter-arrival time distributions, and the servers' service rates. Under these conditions, one is interested in the routing policies which minimize the job's long-run mean response time. The single-parameter routing policy is being proposed which, according to the numerical experiments, outperforms best routing rules known by now for non-observable dispatching systems: probabilistic and deterministic. Both the batch-wise and job-wise assignments are studied. Extension to systems with unreliable servers is also addressed.
Accessibility 101: A Researcher’s Guide to Making Content Accessible
Authors: Murray Alexandra
Published: April 2021

Accessibility refers to whether a product or service is usable by all regardless of disability status. Principles of accessibility are not limited to physical spaces (such as stairs or curbs) – the same principles apply to websites and public facing documents. There are guidelines to follow to make documents, web pages, presentations, products, and research findings more accessible to people with disabilities. This tip sheet offers an introduction to accessibility and will be followed by tip sheets that focus on specifics.
Pah Content of Clarais gariepinus Harvested from Ekulu River, Eastern Nigeria Contaminated with Effluents Generated from a Roofing Sheet Industry Risk Impact Assessment
Authors: Chibuike S. Ubani, , Ekene J. Nweze, , Munachimso V. Aneke, , Amarachukwu V. Arazu, , Emmanuel S. Okeke, , Ruth O. Kanu, , Timothy Ezeorba,
Published: April 2021

Aim: This study evaluated PAH content and health risks associated with consuming Clarais gariepinus (cat fish) from Ekulu Rivers, in Enugu, Nigeria fed with roofing sheet company effluent.

Place and Duration of Study Design: Ekulu River, the largest body of water in the city of Enugu in Enugu State, south-eastern Nigeria, is a 25-kilometer long river (16mi) and it originates in the same city as well. The city is located on latitude 06o 21o N and 06o 30o and longitude 07o 26o E and 07o 37 Eo.

Methodology: This analysis was conducted with the use of Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) machine equipped with Flame ionization detector (FID). The health risks were evaluated by the mathematical models stipulated by USEPA and WHO.

Results: The PAHs identified from the Clarias gariepinus samples were Acenaphthene, Acenaphthylene, Naphthalene, Fluorene, Phenanthrene, Anthracene, Flouranthene, Pyrene, Benzo(α)pyrene and Benzo (g-h-i)perylene. Benzo(α)pyrene and Benzo (g-h-i)perylene were predominant. The quantity of PAHs detected in all fish samples including the control ranged from below detectable limit (BDL) through 0.001 to 0.0786mg/kg. The LMW PAHs detected were 60 % while the HMW PAHs were 40 % of the total PAHs in isolated. The total PAH concentration observed from the different point locations were 0.1003 mg/kg, 0.0977 mg/kg, 0.1102 mg/kg and 0.0414 mg/kg for the downstream, upstream, POD and control respectively. The HQ and HI obtained in all point locations were < 1. The ILCR of all the PAHs detected were in the range of 10-5 to 10-9.  The benzo (α) pyrene in cat fish obtained from the POD has the most carcinogenic potency and also recorded the maximum limit (5E -03 mg/kg).

Conclusion: it is pertinent to enlighten the fish consumers and mongers on the dangers posed by the consumption of fish from Ekulu River and also caution industries with injudicious effluent disposal into water bodies.
Vertical Distribution of Physical and Chemical Properties of Soils of Ramapura-1 Microwatershed of YadgirTaluk and District of Karnataka, India
Authors: Hegde Rajendra , Kumar M. B. Mahendra , Niranjana K. V. , Seema K. V. , Dhanorkar B. A.
Published: April 2021

By using digitized cadastral map and satellite imagery an investigation was carried out to study the vertical distribution of physical and chemical properties of soils of Ramapura-1 microwatershed of Yadgirtaluk and district of Karnataka, India. The soil texture varied from loamy sand to sandy clay loam in surface and sandy clay loam to clay in subsurface. The per cent moisture distribution was varied from 3.89 to 54.94 per cent and it was increase with depth. The soils under the study were slightly acidic to alkaline (5.57 to 10.32) and non-saline in reaction. The organic carbon content was low to high (0.12 to 1.16 %) and decreased with depth. The per cent calcium carbonates in soils ranged from 0.60 to 8.19 per cent and uneven distribution in most of the soil series. The distribution of exchangeable bases in the order of Ca2+>Na+>Mg2+>K+. Most of the soil series were irregular in distribution of CEC (1.70 to 51.20 cmol (p+) kg-1) and CEC/clay ratio. The per cent base saturation was increase with depth in most of the series.
A Study on the Displacement Measurement of the Slope using Network RTK UAV
Authors: Cho Jungmin , Lee Jongseok , Yang Jaewoo , Lee Byounkil
Published: April 2021

Recently, research in various fields using unmanned aerial vehicles has been underway and has been applied in various fields due to increased accuracy and precision. In particular, the spread of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with real-time kinematic (RTK) is smooth, and there is a growing interest in how to increase accuracy and precision while using a cost-saving method and ground control point (GCP). This study attached reflective sheets to the pile head for accuracy evaluation for small-scale slopes with small ends, established the initial position using the backward intersection method, observed the pile head, and used it as a checkpoint. Accuracy analysis of survey results was performed using UAVs equipped with RTK equipment at a low altitude of 25 m (AGL). As a result, when using a GCP, 3D RMSE was able to obtain an accuracy of 5.035 mm in the x-direction, 7.005 mm in the y-direction, and 7.664 mm in the z-direction In the case of not using a GCP, an accuracy of 32.986 mm in the x-direction, 5.718 mm in the y-direction, and 9.499 mm in the z-direction was obtained.
Predicting the Initiation Area of a Debris Flow Using Geomorphological Characteristics and a Physically-Based Model
Authors: Song Chang-Ho , Lee Ji-Sung , Kim Yun-Tae
Published: April 2021

A debris flow is a phenomenon in which sediment matter and water become mixed and flow down to a deposition area, thereby causing significant damage to people and property. In Korea, majority of the past debris flows initiated in the form of shallow landslides during rainfall. To address the hazards associated with debris flows, it is necessary to establish a method for predicting the location of the debris flow initiation. In this study, we propose a method for predicting the source of a debris flow by incorporating geomorphological characteristics and designing a physically-based model. The geomorphological characteristics associated with the initiation area of the debris flow were determined by analyzing previous literature. The physically-based model was developed by incorporating landslide inventory data, rainfall data, and geotechnical characteristics, and the map of safety factor less than 1.2 was thereby established. Furthermore, the region prone to the occurrence of debris flows was identified by the superposition of each unstable pixel obtained from the geomorphological characteristics and the physically-based model. The proposed method was validated through quantitative index analysis. The obtained results indicate that compared to other methods, the proposed method has a high success index and a low error index for predicting the source of a debris flow.
Comparison of Actual Evapotranspiration Amounts Estimated Using Water Balance and Eddy-Covariance Methods: Applications to Seolmacheon and Cheongmicheon Basins
Authors: Yoo Chulsang , Song Sunguk , Lee Munseok , Kim Soeun
Published: April 2021

In this study, actual evapotranspiration data estimated using the water balance and eddy-covariance methods were compared. Two different basins, i.e., the Seolmacheon and Cheongmicheon basins, were selected, and the actual evapotranspiration was observed using the eddy-covariance method. The rainfall, runoff depth, and actual evapotranspiration data between 2010 and 2018 were collected and analyzed. Daily evapotranspiration data and 10-minute rainfall and runoff data were then accumulated to analyze the annual data. The results showed that the annual actual evapotranspiration amount obtained using the eddy-covariance method was somewhat close to that using the water balance method. This result is interesting, as the monthly variation between the two methods was high. The difference between the actual monthly evapotranspiration and the total loss was not influenced by monthly temperature and rainfall. This tendency was the same throughout the year, but the variation increased during the summer rainy season. In conclusion, both the actual evapotranspiration data estimated using the water balance and eddy-covariance methods can be used as representative annual values for the basins, regardless of the difference between the two data sets.
Performance Evaluation of Effective Drought Prediction Using Machine Learning
Authors: Kim Kyosik , Kim Byunghyun , Han Kun-Yeun
Published: April 2021

There has been much research recently to improve the prediction of drought, but the frequency and pattern of drought displays an irregular time series that limits its predictability, making it difficult to predict with only a single model, and high-level predictions cannot be made even when many models are applied. Therefore, many studies have been conducted to improve predictions by using explanatory variables such as precipitation, temperature, sunshine duration, and air volume as input data. The purpose of this study is to devise a method for predicting drought using the Standard Precipitation Evaporation Index (SPEI), which represents a complex and difficult time series drought index using climate data for weather phenomena. The Standard Precipitation Evaporation Index is a method of calculating the cumulative precipitation by excluding the cumulative evaporation amount from the cumulative precipitation using precipitation and evapotranspiration data, and the evaporation amount is calculated using the monthly heat index method. The Meteorological Agency evaluated meteorological drought using SPI6, which is a 6-month cumulative precipitation standard, and applied it to machine learning based on monthly data and daily data SPEI6 in this study. As a result, ANN monthly data R2 was 0.488 in Andong and 0.533 in Mungyeong, Gumi 0.594, SVR 0.452, 0.496, 0.564, RF 0.355, 0.467, 0.524, and the daily data are ANN 0.923, 0.919, 0.915, SVR 0.925, 0.923, 0.896, RF 0.915, 0.915, 0.797, and the daily data SPEI at all points. It was confirmed that high prediction was obtained when machine learning was applied to these methods.
Analysis of Barriers in the Prior Consultation System for Disaster Safety Budgets
Authors: Lee JeongSul , Yi Waonho
Published: April 2021

This study analyzes the barriers to the operation of prior consultation systems regarding disaster safety budgets - and which has been in effect since 2015 - to enhance the investment efficiency and effectiveness of disaster safety projects, and to suggest a desirable direction for future operation. Using prior research and data from the 2020 National Assembly Budget Office, three factors - including both deficiencies and limits of the operation - were derived, and group survey and AHP analyses were conducted. According to the analyses, “legal obstacles” is the most important factor hindering the efficient operation of disaster safety budgets. In addition, the Ministry of the Interior and Safety needs to have practical control over the budget so as to improve its use and property-protection functions.
Stereoisomerization during Molecular Packing
Authors: Xu Shidang , Duan Yukun , Manghnani Purnima , Kenry  , Chen Chengjian , Kozlov Sergey M. , Liu Bin
Published: April 2021

Isomerization is an essential chemical process that often evokes dramatic change of chemical, physical, or biological properties. For a long time, isomerization has been known as a transformation that is induced by certain external energy such as light, heat, or mechanical force. Herein, a new isomerization phenomenon is described, which does not require external energy but simply occurs during molecular packing. The proposed isomerization is demonstrated by a series of symmetric donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D) molecules, the donor of which may adopt two different stereoisomeric forms. Based on the evidence of the asymmetric isomers in crystals, the occurrence of isomerization during molecular packing is proved. Moreover, the unique asymmetric geometry in the solid state favors the restriction of intramolecular motion, resulting in highly efficient organic solids with quantum yields approaching unity.
Using Folding Structure to Enhance Measurement Range, Sensitivity of the Flexible Sensors: A Simple, Eco‐Friendly, and Effective Method
Authors: Zhu Junwen , Yang Xing , Zhou Zhanxuan , Ren Yuyu , Xing Yuqi
Published: April 2021

Flexible sensing technology has shown great application value in motion monitoring and physiological signal detection. In many applications, the detected signal has the characteristics of low strength and wide range, thus improving the sensitivity and measurement range of sensors becomes extremely important. An enhancing method based on folding structure is proposed in this paper. Through the analysis of folding structure characteristics, the theoretical model of the folding structure effect in flexible sensors is established and the enhancement effect of sensitivity and measurement range is testified through three kinds of commonly used sensors, resistive, capacitive, and inductive sensors. Through changing the number of folding units, the sensitivity and measurement range of sensors can achieve to be adjusted. Folding sensors also have good hysteresis and repeatability properties and show the great performance in the application of human motion monitoring, such as limbs bending and rotating, muscle powering. The proposed method has the characteristics of simple, economical, environment friendly, and widely suitable, meanwhile avoiding the complexity of other ways to improve performance. This work has potential to enhance the sensitivity and measurement range for more kinds of flexible sensors and is of great value to fabricate high performance sensors based on folding structure.