bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypermethylation of EFEMP1 in the Hippocampus May Be Related to the Deficit in Spatial Memory of Rat Neonates Triggered by Repeated Administration of Propofol
Authors: Zhang Nu , Liao Zhiyi , Wu Pinwen , Fang Hao , Cai Guoping
Published: December 2020

It has been confirmed that repeated application of propofol, as an intravenous and short‐fast‐acting anesthetic, in neonatal animals or humans may produce long‐term deficits in cognitive functions. With the aim of explaining the neurotoxic effects of repeated administration of propofol on neonatal rat pups from P7 to P9 especially from an epigenetic perspective, the present study used the Morris water maze to detect cognitive deficits in spatial learning and memory, Sequenom methylation on the CpG island located in the promoter region of epidermal growth factor‐containing fibulin‐like extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP1) to assess the methylation level of this region, and Western blot to measure the expression of EFEMP1, TIMP‐3, and MMP‐9. As the results have shown, repeated propofol administration on neonatal rats caused significant systemic growth retardation, impairment of spatial learning and memory, and hypermethylation of the CpG sites in the promoter region of EFEMP1 accompanied by lower expression of EFEMP1 and TIMP‐3 and enhanced expression of MMP‐9. These data suggest that repeated propofol administration in neonatal rats may generate hypermethylation in the promoter region of EFEMP1 which results in downregulation of the expression of EFEMP1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐3 (TIMP‐3) but upregulation of the expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9), which together may affect the stability of ECM to hamper the development of the central nervous system and therefore lead to deficits in cognitive functions.
Carotid Dissection and Isolated Paralysis of Ipsilateral Half Tongue: Clinical Cases
Authors: Agbotsou Komi Igneza , Kombate Damelan , Mehri Christopher , Apetse Kossivi , Bakpatina-Batako Kpalma Duga , Guerrier Olivier , Beschet Albert , Blanc Lasserre Karine , Breynaert Ludovic , Chan Victor
Published: December 2020

Objective. We report two cases of carotid dissection revealed by isolated paralysis of the ipsilateral half tongue. Observations. First patient, 52 years old, with no particular medical or surgical history, presented with isolated paralysis of the left half tongue preceded by two weeks of moderate-intensity cervicalgia and having been the subject to cervical manipulation. MRI revealed dissection of the left internal carotid artery in its prepetrous portion. The evolution after 6 weeks of platelet aggregating inhibitors treatment was favorable. The second patient, 74 years old, with no particular medical or chirurgical history, presented with a sudden onset of paralysis of the left half tongue preceded by unusual headaches associated with neck pain. Brain MRI showed aneurysmal ectasia of the left internal carotid with parietal irregularity suggestive of carotid dissection. The evolution after four weeks of treatment with anticoagulant was favorable. Conclusion. Carotid dissection revealed by isolated paralysis of the half tongue is rare. It is generally of good prognosis. However, in paralysis of half tongue, it must be urgently sought and treated to reduce the risk of a transient or constituted ischemic accident.
The Physical Activity Type Most Related to Cognitive Function and Quality of Life
Authors: Alsubaie Saud F. , Alkathiry Abdulaziz A. , Abdelbasset Walid Kamal , Nambi Gopal
Published: December 2020

Background. Physical activity has been found to maintain and improve cognitive function and consequently improve health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). The relationships between different types of physical activities, cognitive function, and HRQoL have not been studied sufficiently and compared in different age and gender groups. This study is aimed at examining the relationship between different types of physical activity (high‐intensity, moderate‐intensity, and walking exercise), cognitive function, and HRQoL. In addition, this study is aimed at examining these relationships in different age and gender groups. Methods. This cross‐sectional study included 150 adults with a mean age of 50 ± 8.8 years. Participants completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to assess the level of the physical activity types and the Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) questionnaire to assess HRQoL. Cognitive function was measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) screening instrument. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationships between the different variables of the study. Results. There were significant positive relationships between all types of physical activities, cognitive ability, and HRQoL. The relationships between moderate‐intensity physical activities and cognitive function (r = 0.38) and HRQoL (r = 0.33) were higher than the relationships with walking exercise and high‐intensity physical activity. The middle‐aged group had a significantly higher cognitive function compared to the senior adults (p < 0.001), while there was no significant difference between the age groups in HRQoL (p = 0.18). Conclusion. The cognitive function and HRQoL were more related to moderate‐intensity physical activities compared to walking exercise or high‐intensity physical activities. These relationships were more pronounced in the senior adult population compared to the middle‐aged group.
Long-Term Prognosis of Hyperferritinemia Induced by Intravenous Iron Therapy in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis: A 10-Year, Single-Center Study
Authors: Maeda Sayako , Konishi Ryo , Morinishi Takuya , Shimizu Yoko , Nishio Haruomi , Takaori Koji
Published: December 2020

Optimal ferritin level in hemodialysis patients between Japan and other countries is controversial. Long-term side effects of iron supplementation in these patients remain unclear. We aimed to elucidate whether past hyperferritinemia in hemodialysis patients was associated with high risk of death and cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases (CCVDs). This small retrospective cohort study included approximately 44 patients unintentionally supplemented with excessive intravenous iron. A significantly higher risk of CCVDs was observed in patients with initial serum ferritin levels ≥1000 ng/mL than in the remaining patients. High ferritin levels slowly decreased to <300 ng/mL in a median of 24.2 (10.5–46.5) months without treatment. However, compared with the remaining patients, only patients whose ferritin levels did not decrease to <300 ng/mL steadily had a significantly higher risk of all-cause death (hazard ratio, 9.6). Long-term hyperferritinemia due to intravenous iron therapy is a risk factor for death in maintenance hemodialysis patients. For a prolonged better prognosis, intravenous iron should be carefully administered so as to avoid hyperferritinemia in patients with hemodialysis.
Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Remains High in Patients with HBV-Related Decompensated Cirrhosis and Long-Term Antiviral Therapy
Authors: Zhu Dong-Mei , Xie Jing , Ye Chun-Yan , Qian Mei-Yun , Xue Yuan
Published: December 2020

Background. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of HCC development in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related DC and who underwent long-term antiviral therapy. Methods. Data from 308 patients with HBV-related DC and long-term antiviral therapy were collected and retrospectively reviewed. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze independent risk factors of HCC development. Results. Data from 129 patients with definite records were analyzed. The median follow-up time was 5 years (range, 1 to 8 years). At the end of the follow-up, 41 (31.8%) patients developed HCC, and the time from DC diagnosis to HCC incidence who received antiviral therapy was 4.4 years (range, 1–7 years). The incidence of HCC was higher in males (30/78, 38.5%) than in females (11/51, 21.6%) (

P

 = 0.04). Patients who developed HCC were significantly older than those who did not develop HCC (

P

 < 0.01). The incidence of HCC in patients receiving nucleoside analogues, nucleotide analogues, and combination therapy was 34.7%, 38.1%, and 33.3%, respectively, and the difference showed no significant differences (

P

 = 0.95). Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that male gender and age ≥50 years are independent risk factors of HCC development (OR = 2.987 and 2.408; 95% CI (1.301–6.858) and (1.126–5.149);

P

 = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). Conclusion. The risk of HCC remains to be high in patients with HBV-related DC, especially in males aged ≥50 years.
What Is the Current Development Status of Wearable Device in Industrial 4.0? Using Technology Acceptance Model to Explore the Willingness and Pattern of Usage of the Consumers
Authors: Liu Cheng , Shyu Chin-Shyang , Chou Tsung-Yu , Chen Chao-Chien , Wu Chien-Hung
Published: December 2020

The object of the study is to use the technology acceptance model to explore the willingness and pattern of usage of the consumers. 205 valid questionnaires were collected by using the Google online survey platform. Using IBM SPSS and AMOS Statistics 20.0 software, first background information was analyzed, then CFA was used to analyze the relationship between variables, and SEM was used to verify the rationality of the measurement model. The result discovered that there is a positive effect on perceived usefulness by perceived utility of usage by the users. There is a positive effect on usage intention by perceived utility. There is a positive effect on perceived curiosity by perceived utility. There is a positive effect on usage intention by perceived usefulness, and there is a positive effect on usage willingness by social support for the wearable device users. However, there is no positive effect on usage willingness by perceived curiosity. Conclusion. If the industry can provide consumers with a good experience, it will help enhance consumer attitudes, increase consumer willingness, and continue to enhance consumer curiosity. Simply satisfying consumers' curiosity cannot increase consumer willingness, but social support will affect consumers' willingness to use.
Cardiotoxicidade por cocaína e disfunção ventricular em paciente jovem
Authors: Souza Kallen de Carvalho e , Viaro Ana Lídia , Okusu Ana Raquel , Bastos Stéphany Oliveira , Roballo Carla Adriane , Ronconi Thiago Luís
Published: December 2020

O uso de substâncias psicoativas pode induzir complicações cardiovasculares. O objetivo deste relato é descrever o caso de um paciente jovem com cardiomiopatia dilatada secundária ao uso de cocaína. Paciente com dispneia há seis meses, com piora progressiva, dispneia paroxística noturna, ortopneia e edema de membros inferiores. Ao exame físico apresentava taquicardia (110 bpm), com demais sinais vitais sem alterações, presença de estertores crepitantes em bases e campos médios, ascite de moderado volume e edema importante de membros inferiores. No eletrocardiograma, apresentava ritmo sinusal com sobrecarga de câmaras esquerdas; na radiografia de tórax, apenas cardiomegalia acentuada. O ecocardiograma evidenciou fração de ejeção (FE) do ventrículo esquerdo (VE) reduzida (7%), aumento de átrio esquerdo e ventrículo direito (VD), com hipertrofia excêntrica e disfunção sistólica acentuada do VE, com disfunção moderada do VD e hipertensão pulmonar (39 mmHg). Na ressonância, apresentou dilatação discreta do átrio direito, VD com dilatação importante, disfunção sistólica biventricular importante, com hipocinesia difusa (FE 8% de VD), além de fibrose miocárdica de padrão não coronariano inferosseptal. O caso relatado evidencia um diagnóstico cujo mecanismo fisiopatológico da cardiomiopatia dilatada não está claro. A associação mais coerente da cardiomiopatia dilatada apresentada pelo paciente está relacionada ao uso abusivo de cocaína, devido ao estímulo recorrente e de longa duração que o excesso de catecolaminas provocou no miocárdio. Tendo em vista o espectro de cardiomiopatia, infarto e arritmias que potencialmente podem ocorrer associados ao uso de cocaína, deve-se considerar a hipótese de cardiotoxicidade na avaliação de paciente com história de abuso de cocaína.
Geoquímica de piroclastos intemperizados da Caldeira Vulcânica de Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais
Authors: Bacha André Luis Reis , Sardinha Diego de Souza , Godoy Letícia Hirata , Ancelmi Matheus Fernando
Published: December 2020

A caldeira vulcânica de Poços de Caldas é um dos maiores complexos magmáticos alcalinos circulares do mundo. Em razão da escassez de trabalhos sobre piroclastos que afloram nessa região, o presente estudo surgiu com o objetivo de caracterizar a geoquímica dos piroclastos intemperizados. Quatro afloramentos representativos foram selecionados, sendo classificados os tipos de depósitos e coletadas amostras totais (matriz + clasto) para a análise dos principais óxidos, elementos traços e terras raras. Os quatro pontos estudados (P1, P2, P3 e P4) apresentam litofácies lapilli tufo sem estrutura, tufo brecha indiferenciada sem estrutura e lapilli tufo grosseiro. As amostras possuem altas concentrações de Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2 e baixas de SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CaO e MgO, com trend avançado de intemperismo. As concentrações de elementos traços são similares às rochas da Caldeira Vulcânica, com altas concentrações de Ni, Cr, Co e V. Observou-se tendência de enriquecimento em High Field Strength Elements (HFSE) e empobrecimento em Large Ion Lithophile Elements (LILE), à exceção do Ba, cujas altas concentrações podem estar relacionadas com as baixas concentrações de K2O. Os elementos terras raras (ETR) apresentam padrão de fracionamento contínuo caracterizado pelo empobrecimento de elementos terras raras leves (ETRL) aos elementos terras raras pesados (ETRP) e pela ausência de anomalia de Eu (Eu/Eu* = 0,98 ± 0,02). Em comparação aos ETR das rochas da Caldeira Vulcânica, há maior empobrecimento em ETRP (Gd/Lunc = 6,8 ± 3), provavelmente relacionado ao intemperismo dos perfis estudados. Porém, os ETR também apresentam padrões de fracionamento diferenciados em relação aos saprólitos, solos e bauxitas, o que lhes confere características não pedogênicas, indicando que esses depósitos ainda preservam a assinatura geoquímica do
tempo ficcional literário e seus modelos
Authors: Kofman Andrey
Published: December 2020

O artigo descreve as características do tempo artístico na literatura e seus modelos básicos, enquanto as disposições teóricas são ilustradas por exemplos da literatura russa. A especificidade do tempo artístico é revelada em comparação com o tempo objetivo. Mostra-se que as principais características do tempo objetivo, como objetividade, linearidade, irreversibilidade, monotonia e continuidade no tempo artístico não são mantidas, é sempre tempo subjetivo. Isso é evidente na análise do modelo de tempo histórico, que afirma reproduzir o tempo objetivo. A seguir, consideramos quatro modelos de tempo mais usados ​​na literatura: o tempo mitológico se distingue por seu caráter cíclico, o tempo reversível que se move do presente para o passado, o modelo de atemporalidade ou tempo parado e o modelo de tempo integrador, que representa, numa unidade indivisível, o passado, o presente e o futuro existentes.
Relíquia Viva
Authors: Junqueira Samuel
Published: December 2020

O conto a seguir é uma tradução de "Jivie Moshi", parte integrante da coletânea Memórias de um caçador, de Ivan Turguêniev.
Reversing the Gaze? Or Decolonizing the Study of the Qurʾan
Authors: Rizvi Sajjad
Published: December 2020

Taking as the starting point, Majid Daneshgar’s Studying the Qurʾan in the Muslim Academy, I argue that the political and intellectual contexts for the study of Islam and indeed the Qur’an cannot be ignored whether the study is conducted in the “Western” or the “Muslim” academy. The construction of the categories of religion and scripture arise out of practices of colonialist knowledge; positionality of the author cannot be eliminated from the interrogative gaze. Beginning with that critique, I suggest some possible ways in which we can decolonize the study of the Muslim scripture and its experience for Muslims.
Strategic Litigation in South Africa and Uganda: Shared Perspectives and Comparative Lessons
Authors: Mubangizi John C
Published: December 2020

The South African Constitution, particularly its Bill of Rights, is regarded as one of the most progressive in the world. The Ugandan Constitution, adopted around the same time as its South African counterpart, also has a Bill of Rights. Lawyers and advocacy groups in both countries have taken advantage of their constitutions to challenge the government to enforce several rights ranging from health care services, education, water and sanitation, to housing and social security, albeit at a lower scale and with less impact and significance in Uganda than South Africa. The purpose of this paper is to discuss and determine the constitutional impact of strategic litigation in South Africa and Uganda. The paper begins with a conceptual context of strategic litigation. The specific reasons for the choice of the two countries are highlighted before focusing, in a comparative way, on some relevant organizations and the various court decisions that have emanated from strategic litigation in both countries. The paper identifies similarities and differences between Ugandan and South African approaches to strategic litigation. Conclusions are then made after highlighting the comparative lessons that both countries can learn from each other, but also what other African states can learn from these two countries’ experiences.
Incidental Diagnosis of Pseudomyxoma Peritonei After Emergent Splenectomy
Authors: Ferre Alexandra C. , Burstein Matthew , El-Hayek Kevin M.
Published: December 2020

Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare disease associated with mucinous ascites. Pseudomyxoma peritonei has a low incidence and is difficult to diagnose. Pseudomyxoma peritonei usually presents with vague abdominal pain after significant progression. Computed tomography imaging is the most common modality for diagnosis; however, diagnosis as a result of surgical intervention in cases of acute abdomen has become increasingly common. We present a unique case of a 66-year-old man who was incidentally diagnosed with PMP after undergoing an emergent splenectomy for presumed blunt trauma. The patient presented to the emergency room with abdominal pain, shortness of breath, and diaphoresis. Computed tomography imaging revealed a splenic hematoma with suspicion of extravasation and a moderate amount of free intraperitoneal fluid consistent with blood. The patient was taken to the operating room emergently for an emergent splenectomy where splenic laceration was noted, as were multiple areas of nodularity in the omentum and cecum. Histologic evaluation of these lesions led to the diagnosis of PMP. After recovery from his initial splenectomy, the patient underwent exploratory laparotomy, cytoreductive surgery, cholecystectomy, removal of appendiceal mucocele, and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy without complication. Final pathology was consistent with PMP and primary mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma. This case highlights an unusual presentation of PMP for a patient who was undergoing surgery for presumed splenic trauma. Surgeons must maintain a high index of suspicion and should perform histological evaluation when such unexpected findings are encountered.
Use of the End to End Anastomotic Stapler From Above for Difficult Pelvic Surgery for Distal Rectal Disease
Authors: Amersi Farin F. , Wright Byron , Silberman Allan W.
Published: December 2020

Introduction

Transabdominal utilization (TAU) of the end to end anastomotic (EEA) stapler in low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer is an excellent alternative to the most widely performed techhnique.

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database which obtained data on 104 patients with rectal disease who underwent EEA-assisted LAR with TAU. Records of all patients were used to evaluate demographics, complications, tumor location, margin status, postoperative complications, clinical sphincter function, adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatment, disease stage, and survival.

Results

Of the 104 patients, 48% were women with a mean age of 64 years (range 34-85 years). The average tumor location was 8 cm above the dentate line, and the mean tumor distance from the distal margin was 1.9 cm. All distal margins in cases for patients with rectal cancer were negative. Hospital length of stay averaged 8.7 days (6-15 days). There were no anastomotic complications (leaks, bleeding, or obstruction), and there were no leaks at the separate colotomy site. All patients have had normal postoperative sphincter function.

Conclusion

Transabdominal utilization of the EEA stapler in LAR for colorectal carcinoma is an alternative to the conventional approach and may be advantageous in avoidance of the lithotomy position with potential nerve injury, risk of deep venous thrombosis, and stapler-induced sphincter trauma.
Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy and Postoperative Outcomes in an Enhanced Recovery Program for Colorectal Surgery: A Propensity Score-Matched Multicenter Study
Authors: Zorrilla-Vaca Andres , Mena Gabriel E. , Ripolles-Melchor Javier , Abad-Motos Ane , Aldecoa Cesar , Lorente Juan Victor , Ramirez-Rodriguez José M. , Grant Michael C.
Published: December 2020

Introduction

Goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) has increasingly been utilized in major surgery as a key component to ensure fluid optimization and adequate tissue perfusion, showing improvements in the rate of morbidity and mortality under conventional care. It is unclear if patients derive similar benefit as part of an enhanced recovery program (ERP). Our group sought to assess the association between GDFT and postoperative outcomes within an ERP for colorectal surgery.

Methods

A propensity score-matched analysis, based upon demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and ERP components, was utilized to assess the association between GDFT and outcomes in a multicenter prospective ERP for colorectal surgery cohort study. Outcomes included pulmonary edema, acute kidney injury (AKI), ileus, surgical site infection (SSI), and anastomotic dehiscence. The calipmatch module was used to match patients who received GDFT to non-GDFT in a 1‐to‐1 propensity score fashion.

Results

A total of 151 matched pairs were included in the analysis (n = 302, 23%). Both groups had comparable baseline demographics, as well as similar rates of compliance with enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) components. Goal-directed fluid therapy patients received significantly more colloid (237 ± 320 mL vs. 140 ± 245 mL, P < .01) than non-GDFT counterparts. Goal-directed fluid therapy was not associated with improved rates of postoperative AKI (odds ratios (OR) 1.00, 95% confidence intervals (CI) .39-2.59, P = 1.00), ileus (OR 1.40, 95% CI .82-2.41, P = .22), SSI (OR 1.06, 95% CI .54-2.08, P = .86), or length of hospital stay (LOS) (10.8 ± 8.9 vs. 11.1±13.2 days, P = .84).

Conclusions

There was no associated between GDFT and major postoperative outcomes within an ERAS program for colorectal surgery. Additional large-scale or pragmatic randomized trials are necessary to determine whether GDFT has a role in ERP for colorectal surgery.
A Cohort Study Assessing the Association Between Body Composition Parameters and Symptomatic Hypocalcemia After Total Thyroidectomy
Authors: Celik Suleyman U. , Konca Can , Genc Volkan
Published: December 2020

Background

Postoperative hypocalcemia is one of the major concerns following thyroidectomy and the most frequent cause of prolonged hospital stay. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between body composition parameters and symptomatic hypocalcemia following total thyroidectomy. In addition, the effects of disease- and patient-related factors on hypocalcemia were investigated.

Methods

A total of 144 patients were prospectively included between March 2014 and September 2017. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of clinical symptoms of hypocalcemia. Subsequently, the relationship between body composition parameters and hypocalcemia was evaluated.

Results

Postoperative hypocalcemia-related symptoms occurred in 28 patients (19.4%). Permanent hypocalcemia was not encountered in any patient. Patients with hypocalcemic symptoms were more likely to have nodules ≥40 mm (39.3% vs. 17.2%, P = .011), retrosternal goiters (25.0% vs. 7.8%, P = .017), central lymph node dissection (LND) (32.1% vs. 11.2%, P = .015), and parathyroid autotransplantation (28.6% vs. 3.4%, P < .001) than those without symptoms. However, no differences were observed in the body composition parameters between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. On multivariate analysis, lower preoperative intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels (odds ratios (ORs) .96, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) .93-.99), the presence of retrosternal goiters (OR 10.26, 95% CI 2.23-47.14), central LND (OR 16.05, 95% CI 3.90-66.07), and parathyroid autotransplantation (OR 36.22, 95% CI 6.76-194.13) predicted hypocalcemia.

Discussion

This study demonstrates that patients with lower preoperative iPTH levels, retrosternal goiters, central LND, and parathyroid autotransplantation are at an increased risk of developing clinical symptoms of hypocalcemia. Body composition parameters have no effect on the incidence of hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy.
Space as the ideological state apparatus (ISA): the invisible fetter on social movements in China
Authors: Xi Yipeng , Ng Aaron
Published: December 2020

Contrary to existing literature analyzing how public spaces are strategic mobilization resources for activists, we focus on the inconspicuous constraints placed by the state on public spaces that limit their utility as mobilization resources. Employing the spatial dimensions of social movement theory and Althusser’s state power theory analyze an activism case in Guangzhou, China, we argue that through everyday spatial governance by the state, public spaces in China are also forms of ideological state apparatuses that latently disrupt activists’ attempts to engage in contentious spatial practices to gain resources through media coverage. We further propose the concept of ‘spatial inertia’, which are durable, routine, and diversified spatial meaning-making practices mediated through media coverage that affect the success of social movements. This paper complements social movement scholarship by examining how the state, through latent processes exercised using public spaces as ideological state apparatuses, competes with and subverts activists’ efforts to use these spaces as strategic resources for collective mobilization, especially in authoritarian contexts.
Sustainable management of different systems for recycling end-of-life tyres in China
Authors: Huang Weilun
Published: December 2020

Based on a literature review and interviews with experts, the purpose of this article is to investigate the sustainable management of different systems for recycling end-of-life tyres (ELTs) in China. Systems for bicycles (including electric bicycles), electric motorbikes and cars are considered. The article finds there are differences in the price, handling costs, process costs and transport costs. Consequently, most of the recycled ELTs are from cars. Accordingly, an economic model is built to show the difference between the different systems. The results show that the recycling system for ELTs from cars works effectively, whereas that for bicycles and electric motorbikes does not work in China. In addition, a social welfare model is built to discuss the sustainable management of the different systems for recycling ELTs. Based on the results of the model, it is suggested that subsidies could be provided according to the weight of ELTs, and that if subsidies were to be granted specifically for recycling ELTs from bicycles and electric motorbikes this would promote the efficiency and the sustainable management of these recycling systems in China.
An Extended Evaluation of Academic Encouragement Scale for Adolescents
Authors: Mu Wenlong , Chen Zheng , Duan Wenjie
Published: December 2020

The Academic Encouragement Scale (AES) evaluates academic encouragement received from someone whom the student respects. This study reported the psychometric properties of the AES among 1602 Chinese adolescents. The results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported a two-factor structure of the AES (i.e., challenge-focused encouragement (CFE) and potential-focused encouragement). Multigroup CFA indicated that the AES showed measurement and structural invariance across gender groups. Each factor of the AES showed adequate internal consistency reliability ( α > .84) and test–retest stability ( r > .75). Correlation analyses demonstrated that the AES subscales were significantly related to academic self-efficacy, hope, and social connectedness in the expected directions, which yielded evidence for the concurrent validity of the AES. Results indicated that the CFE factor significantly predicted academic achievement, but the potential-focused encouragement factor did not significantly predict academic achievement. Overall, the findings support the use of the AES among adolescents.
Early-Life Circumstances, Health Behavior Profiles, and Later-Life Health in Great Britain
Authors: van den Broek Thijs
Published: December 2020

Objectives: Drawing on UK Household Longitudinal Study data, this study assessed a pathway from early-life disadvantage to suboptimal later-life health via health behavior. Methods: Latent class analysis was used to identify distinct smoking, nutrition, alcohol, and physical activity health behavior profiles. Mediation analyses were performed to assess indirect effects of early-life disadvantage via health behavior on allostatic load, an objective measure of physiological wear and tear. Results: Four health behavior profiles were identified: (1) broadly healthy and high alcohol consumption, (2) low smoking and alcohol consumption, healthy nutrition, and physically inactive, (3) broadly unhealthy and low alcohol consumption, and (4) broadly moderately unhealthy and high alcohol consumption. Having grown up in a higher socioeconomic position family was associated with lower later-life allostatic load. This was partly attributable to health behavioral differences. Discussion: Growing up under disadvantageous socioeconomic circumstances may initiate a chain of risk by predisposing people to health behavior profiles associated with poorer later-life health.
Facilitating recruitment for dementia research: Insights from an international panel
Authors: Tam Mallorie T , Gauthier Serge , Ng Kok Pin , Everett Frank , Robillard Julie M
Published: December 2020

Dementia research is critical to improve dementia care; however, participation in this research remains limited, and recruitment is challenging. During an international panel at the 2018 Alzheimer Disease International Conference in Chicago, presentations were given to raise the profile of dementia research and share the patient experience of research participation. We observed notable shifts in perspectives on research participation from 39 participants who completed a survey before and after the presentations. These findings set the stage for future studies exploring the strength of independent motivations for research participation as well as improving recruitment efforts through education and peer support.
Endobronchial Ultrasound Elastography Combined With Computed Tomography in Differentiating Benign from Malignant Intrathoracic Lymph Nodes
Authors: Fang Surong , Chang Ligong , Chen Feifei , Mao Xiaoming , Gu Wei
Published: December 2020

Objective. This study was to combine endobronchial ultrasound elastography (UE) with computed tomography (CT) to identify benign and malignant thoracic lymph nodes (LNs) more objectively and accurately. Methods. A total of 42 patients with intrathoracic lymphadenopathy required for endobronchial ultrasound with real-time guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) examination were enrolled. All patients were examined by enhanced chest CT, B-mode ultrasound, and endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided elastography before EBUS-TBNA. Each lymph node was assessed by describing the characteristics of CT image (short diameter, texture, shape, boundary, and mean CT value), B-mode ultrasound (short diameter, echo characteristic, shape, and boundary), and elastography (image type, grading score, strain rate, and blue area ratio). The pathological results were used as the gold standard. The characteristics were compared alone and in combination between benign and malignant LNs. Results. The blue area ratio of elastography combined with CT had better diagnostic value in differentiating benign and malignant LNs than elastography alone, with the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) being 92%, 96%, 80%, 94%, and 86% vs 81%, 77%, 93%, 97%, and 56%, respectively. Elastography combined with B-mode ultrasound and CT characteristics showed the highest diagnostic value. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were all 100%. Conclusions. Endobronchial UE combined with CT and B-mode ultrasound imaging shows a greater diagnostic value in differentiating benign and malignant intrathoracic LNs than either imaging alone.
More value for more satisfaction? The moderating role of the consumer’s accumulation of experience
Authors: Maubisson Laurent , Riviere Arnaud
Published: December 2020

Although the literature emphasizes the importance of perceived value in the analysis of consumer behavior, it is clear that perceived value does not always produce the desired effects in terms of satisfaction. In support of this observation, this article replicates and deepens the analysis of the moderating role of the accumulation of consumer experience on the links between perceived value and satisfaction. Accordingly, two studies (n1 = 1,140 and n2 = 437) mobilizing analytical measures of value (generic and contingent) were conducted in a context marked by frequent individual × object interactions: the audiovisual sector. The main finding of this research underlines that as past experiences of consuming a television (TV) program accumulate, the capacity of value to explain satisfaction decreases, while the levels of value and satisfaction associated with the program increase.
The challenges of positioning a national academic journal. The case of Recherche et Applications en Marketing
Authors: Brée Joël
Published: December 2020

Recherche et Applications en Marketing was created in 1986 and quickly became a benchmark academic journal among the francophone community. While it is now facing a decisive period during which the sustainability of its existence requires broadening its readership to the international sphere, being published in English is necessary but not sufficient to stand out in a landscape that already has many general journals. The need to find an axis of differentiation while respecting the dominant scientific formalism can lead to favouring, in a given context, the most relevant and precise definition (and therefore the most valid measure) of the fundamental constructs that structure a field of research.
The UK media coverage of China’s handling of the coronavirus outbreak
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Shaw Gareth
Published: December 2020

This article addresses one question: how is the coronavirus outbreak and its management in China reported in the UK media in general, and on the Internet in particular? It does so by examining how the online versions of the BBC, the Guardian and the Daily Mail reported on the coronavirus outbreak in China, but more importantly, on how China handled it, over a 20-week timeframe. The sentiment analysis and thematic analysis show that although the selected media are of different types in the United Kingdom, the themes and topics are not substantially different from each other. This implies that the general media-consuming public in the United Kingdom would regard China’s handling of the virus as largely negative or neutral. However, the ways of discussing and presenting those topics were subject to variation between the publications, which in turn is reflected in the attitudes and perceptions of their readers.
Intracranial hemorrhage with direct oral anticoagulants in patients with brain metastases
Authors: Leader Avi , Hamulyák Eva N. , Carney Brian J. , Avrahami Maya , Knip Jelijn J. , Rozenblatt Shira , Beenen Ludo F. M. , Yust-Katz Shlomit , Icht Oded , Coppens Michiel , Raanani Pia , Middeldorp Saskia , Büller Harry R. , Zwicker Jeffrey I. , Spectre Galia
Published: December 2020

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are increasingly prescribed in treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis, but limited data exist regarding safety of DOACs in patients with brain metastases. We aimed to determine the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with brain metastases receiving DOACs or low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for venous thromboembolism or atrial fibrillation. An international 2-center retrospective cohort study was designed. Follow-up started on the first day of concomitant anticoagulation and brain tumor diagnosis. At least 2 brain imaging studies were mandated. The primary outcome was the cumulative incidence of any spontaneous ICH at 12-month follow-up with death as a competing risk. Major ICH was defined as spontaneous, ≥10 mL in volume, symptomatic, or requiring surgical intervention. Imaging studies were centrally reviewed by a neuroradiologist blinded for anticoagulant type. PANWARDS (platelets, albumin, no congestive heart failure, warfarin, age, race, diastolic blood pressure, stroke) score for prediction of ICH was calculated. We included 96 patients with brain metastases (41 DOAC, 55 LMWH). The 12-month cumulative incidence of major ICH was 5.1% in DOAC-treated patients and 11.1% in those treated with LMWH (hazard ratio [HR], 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09-2.21). When anticoagulation was analyzed as a time-varying covariate, the risk of any ICH did not differ between DOAC- and LMWH-treated patients (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.28-3.40). PANWARDS score was not associated with ICH risk. This international 2-center study suggests comparable safety of LMWH and DOACs in patients with brain metastases.
Fish fauna of Bakırçay Stream (North Eagean, Turkey)
Authors: İlhan Ali , Sarı Hasan Musa , Kurtul Irmak
Published: December 2020

This study was carried out to determine the current fish fauna of Bakırçay River in seasonal periods between 2017 and 2018. Sampling was carried out in 15 different locations, 11 lotic and 4 lentic location from the small streams of source of the river to the downstream region. The sampling was performed with “Samus 725 G” model electroshock in lotic habitats; with standard fishing-nets which was “TS EN 14757 Water Quality” in lentic habitats. As a result of the study, the presence of 17 taxa from 7 families including Anguillidae, Atherinidae, Cobitidae, Cyprinidae, Nemacheilidae, Poecilidae and Gobiidae were determined. Mugilidae family members and Salaria pavo species, which were previously reported within the stream, were not obtained in our study. However, the presence of 6 species, namely Atherina boyeri, Cyprinus carpio, Carassius gibelio, Oxynemacheilus teophili, Gambusia holbrooki and Knipowitschia caucasica species were found in this study for the first time. Cyprinidae family with 11 taxa was the biggest family in terms of species diversity in the river basin. Anguillidae, Atherinidae, Cobitidae, Nemacheilidae, Poecilidae and Gobiidae families are represented by one taxon. In order to protect the river's biodiversity and to maintain fishing activities effectively, the pollution sources should be overcomed firstly. In order to protect the biodiversity of the river and to maintain fishing activities effectively, first of all, pollution sources and exotic fish species that may have negative effects on the natural fish fauna of the basin should be bring under control. In addition, it will also be useful to organize events to inform local governments and community about the importance and protection of aquatic environments.
The first report on the phenomenon of Capoeta aydinensis (Cyprinidae), occurring in Gökova Bay, Aegean Sea
Authors: Akyol Okan , Ünal Vahdet , Sarı Hasan M.
Published: December 2020

A big specimen of Capoeta aydinensis (435 mm TL, 1040 g) was caught on 22 March 2020 by an angler from the Gökova Bay, Muğla as an unusual habitat. This case report presents occurring of an endemic freshwater fish in the marine waters and this specimen has the maximum size throughout the Anatolia.
Marine derived tyrosinase inhibitors
Authors: Pilevneli Amine Dilara , Konuklugil Belma
Published: December 2020

The cosmetics industry has gained strong momentum all over the world in recent years and has become a growing and promising sector. As it is known, as in the pharmaceutical industry, the cosmetic industry has also turned into becoming marine resources by seeking new materials for its continuation to be more productive for the field. To serve this purpose, marine-derived substances are highly claimed to be an interesting as well as a fruitful source for the benefits of the cosmetics industry. In this respect, as known globally, anti-tyrosinase inhibitors used in skin whitening are obtained from a considerable number of marine organisms. In this regard, the main objective of this article is to summarize a highly significant number of natural products derived from marine sources such as algae, fungi, seaweeds and bacteria which are known to have shown anti-tyrosinase activity.
Consumption event of the Pallas’s mastiff bat (Molossus molossus) by the Central America bark scorpion (Centruroides exilimanus) in Honduras
Authors: Espinal Mario R. , López Lucía I. , Mora José M.
Published: December 2020

Muchos artrópodos, incluidos los escorpiones, son carnívoros, pero se desconocen los hábitos alimentarios de muchas especies. Se sabe que se alimentan principalmente de artrópodos e incluyen también anélidos y pequeños vertebrados. Potencialmente varias especies de escorpiones son depredadores de mamíferos, pero no hay ningún informe de consumo de murciélagos por escorpiones. Nuestro objetivo es reportar un evento de alimentación de un murciélago mastín de Pallas (Molossus molossus) por el escorpión de corteza de Centroamérica (Centruroides exilimanus) en el sur de Honduras. Para documentar este evento, tomamos fotografías de los especímenes y la hora en que ocurrió el evento. Hay varios edificios y oficinas en la mina Clavo Rico en El Corpus, Choluteca, Honduras donde hemos observado tres colonias de murciélagos. Esta mina está ubicada en el bosque húmedo tropical. El 20 de octubre de 2015 a las 11:42 h, encontramos un escorpión que arrastraba un M. molossus desde el techo de un edificio. El escorpión probablemente encontró o capturó al murciélago dentro del techo, y ya se había comido partes de la cabeza cuando lo encontramos. Una vez en el suelo, el escorpión arrastró al murciélago debajo del piso del edificio. Los escorpiones pueden depredar vertebrados, aunque no se observó el proceso de depredación tampoco han sido reportados casos de consumo de murciélagos muertos por escorpiones y no se conocen casos de depredación de murciélagos por estos artrópodos. Los murciélagos molósidos descansan en grandes grupos incluso en sitios donde los escorpiones pueden acceder fácilmente. El murciélago era mucho más pesado que el escorpión, por lo que, si este es un evento de depredación, demuestra las extraordinarias capacidades de un artrópodo con un potente veneno.
Factors associated with food taboos among pregnant women in the Dimma district, Gambella, Ethiopia
Authors: Teshome Ageze , Zinab Beakal , Wakjira Tekle , Tamiru Dessalegn
Published: December 2020

Background/Aims

A food taboo is a food or drink that people are prohibited from consuming, often as a result of an incorrect perception of the food or for religious reasons, especially in low- and middle-income countries. During pregnancy, many women are subject to food taboos that can have deleterious effects on the fetus. This study aimed to assess the magnitude ofand factors associated with food taboos among pregnant women in Dimma district, Gambella, Ethiopia. The findings of this study can advise how to address the cultural malpractices that affect dietary behaviours of pregnant women, especially in developing countries like Ethiopia.

Methods

A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 276 pregnant women from March 6 to May 8 2019, in Dimma district, Gambella. Data were collected using a pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and key informant interviews. A total of 14 key informant interviews were conducted. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to isolate independent predictors of food taboo practices. All tests were two sided and P<0.05 was used to set statistical significance. Qualitative data were audio taped and transcribed verbatim.

Results

Over one-third (34.7%) of the study participants restricted themselves from at least one food item during pregnancy. Common food taboos were fruits, cereals, honey, sugarcane, garden cress, mustard seed and yam. The main reasons behind food taboos were fear of maternal and fetal complications, including abortion, cardiac problems and anaemia. Food taboo practice was more common in participants aged ≥25 years (adjusted odds ratio=2.72; P=0.002), who had only attended primary education (adjusted odd ratio=2.56, P=0.019) and had a gestational age ≥7 months (adjusted odds ratio=4.33, P<0.001).

Conclusions

More than one-third of pregnant mothers were practicing food taboos during pregnancy in Dimma Woreda, Gambella region, which was significantly associated with older participants and a lack of formal education. Therefore, intensive nutrition education should be given by both government and non-government organisations, focusing on pregnant women.
O PROJETO “ESTUDANTE, CIDADÃO” DA PMSC E OS DIREITOS HUMANOS: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A GARANTIA DE TAIS DIREITOS ANTE OS RESULTADOS DO PROJETO
Authors: Teixeira Ghilardi Tiago , De Sousa Pessoa Alison
Published: December 2020

O trabalho policial militar, em sua grande parte, consiste no atendimento de ocorrências, sempre depois que os crimes ocorreram. Assim, programas preventivos que foquem em evitar que as pessoas cometam crimes são importantes e primordiais para alcançar a excelência no serviço de segurança pública. Por isso a relevância de analisar o projeto estudante, cidadão e seus reflexos para a comunidade e para a própria polícia militar. Os resultados alcançados são positivos e fortaleceram o vínculo entre a comunidade escolar e a polícia militar, irradiando maior confiança entre a comunidade e os policiais militares. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, bibliográfica e documental. Aplica-se o método indutivo de abordagem qualitativa.Palavras-chave: Cidadão; Escola; Estudante; Prevenção
CARÊNCIA DE JURISDIÇÃO SOBRE EDIÇÃO GERMINATIVA DO GENOMA HUMANO: RISCOS DA AUSÊNCIA DE RATIO JURÍDICA SOBRE A FERRAMENTA CRISPR
Authors: Oro Boff Salete , Zanatta Tocchetto Gabriel
Published: December 2020

A presente análise pretende responder ao problema de pesquisa “É possível verificar que existe carência de jurisdição sobre o assunto da edição germinativa do genoma humano frente às possibilidades colocadas pela ferramenta CRISPR?”, o presente trabalho falseia a hipótese de que a soma dos elementos de situação de “estado da arte” da tecnologia, do histórico humano sobre o assunto da genética humana e a regulação aplicada à tecnologia, permitem concluir pela existência de carência de jurisdição sobre edição germinativa do genoma humano. O objetivo geral do trabalho é o de discutir a operação da variação de edição germinativa do genoma humano por parte do sistema jurídico, ou seja, discutir o que esse elemento significa para o direito em si. O método utilizado foi o hipotético dedutivo. O trabalho conclui confirmando a hipótese e respondendo ao problema apresentado de forma positiva.Palavras-chave: CRISPR; Edição germinativa do genoma humano; Jurisdição; Genoma humano.