bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Üniversitede öğrenci katılımı: ODTÜ örneği üzerinden bir durum çalışması
Authors: Emil Serap , Akşab Şahabettin
Published: November 2024

Yükseköğretimde kitleselleşme ile artan üniversite ve dolayısıyla öğrenci sayıları üniversite eğitimine yakından bakmayı gerektiriyor. Öğrenciler üniversite eğitiminde akademik, sosyal ve psikolojik açıdan nasıl bir deneyim ediniyorlar? sorusuna yanıt aranmıştır. Öğrenci katılımı teorisi merceğinden gerçekleştiren bu araştırma, 2018-2019 akademik yılında toplam 37 ODTÜ öğrencisiyle yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, öğrencilerin akademik olarak zorlayıcı deneyimler yaşadıklarını, ancak bunu gelişimleri için gerekli gördüklerini; genç yetişkinler olarak kendi olgunlaşma süreçlerinin farkında olduklarını ve üniversitenin barındırdığı insan ve fikir çeşitliliğine değer verdiklerini göstermektedir. Fiziksel mekân olarak üniversite kampüsünün ders çalışma, sosyalleşme, konaklama, yemek ve ulaşım hizmetlerinin yaşamlarını sınırlandırdığı da görülmüştür. Üniversite deneyimi öğrencilerin akademik, sosyal, psikolojik olarak gelişimleri ile birebir ilişkilidir ve kesişimsellik içerir. Bu anlamda araştırma, öğrenci gelişiminin ön planda tutulduğu bütüncül yükseköğretim politikalarına ve akademik liderlik literatürüne katkıda bulunacaktır.
Osmanlı Nizamının “Ermeni Meselesi” ile İmtihanı: 1895 Yılı Kuzeybatı Anadolu Örneği
Authors: Arıkan Fatma Melek
Published: November 2024

Bu makalede Kuzeybatı Anadolu’da Ermeni nüfusun yoğunlaştığı Bursa’nın Pazarköy kazasında (bugünkü Orhangazi ilçesi) 1895-1897 ‘Ermeni olayları’ esnasında kamu politikalarının toplumsal yapıyla etkileşim halinde geliştirilme süreçlerine odaklanılmıştır. Merkezi hükümetin kriz yönetim performansı Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun Tanzimat döneminde dönüşen örgütlenme yapısına içkin iktidar ilişkileri bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Pazarköy’de 1895 yılında yaşanan olaylar, Abdülhamid rejiminin Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun Ermeni vatandaşları nezdindeki meşruiyetini yönetimsel kriz ortamında hesap edilen siyasi gerekliliklere feda ettiğini göstermektedir. Makalenin temel iddiası Sünni Müslümanların Tanzimat döneminde tahkim edilen politik sistemdeki baskınlığının merkezi hükümette yol açtığı tedirginlik ve tehdit algısının izlenen baskıcı politikaların önemli bir bileşeni olduğudur.
Sürgünden İtlafa, “Mahallinde Öldürmeden” Ötanaziye: Hayırsızada Vâkâsının Ardından İstanbul'da Sokak Köpekleri
Authors: Yıldırım Mine
Published: November 2024

Bu yazıda, 1910 yılında 80 bine yakın sokak köpeğinin sürgün edilerek ölüme terk edilmesiyle sonuçlanan Hayırsızada Vâkâsının ardından, Cumhuriyetin ilk yüzyılı boyunca Türkiye’de sokakta köpeklerine yönelik muamelenin seyrine odaklanıyorum. Ve bu seyri, birbirini besleyerek gelişen iki ilişki, söylem ve pratikler kümelenmesinin tarihi olarak okuyabileceğimizi savunuyorum: Sokak köpeklerine yönelik şiddetin ve ihtimamın. Sokakta yaşayan hayvanların yaşamını kuşatan bu ikili ilişkinin birbirine dolanık söylemlerine, birbirini kurup şekillendiren yönelimlerine, çatışmalarına, çoklu dinamiklerine, aktörlerine, mekânlarına ve gündelik pratiklerine odaklanıyorum. “Köpeksizleştirme siyaseti” olarak adlandırdığım bu ikili ilişkinin, Hayırsızada Vâkâsının ardından seyrini, ikili bir izlekle açığa çıkarmayı hedefliyorum: İzleklerden ilki, siyasal iktidar ve kamu otoritesinin hayvanları birer denetim ve disiplin nesnesine, asayiş ve kamu düzenini bozan unsurlara, hastalık taşıyıcı vektörlere dönüştürmesinden bazı kesitlere odaklanıyor. Bu anlayışla örgütlenen kitlesel öldürme, sürgün ve tecrit pratiklerini, usullerini, mekanlarını ve yöntem arayışlarını takip ediyor. Diğer izlek ise, sokak köpeklerine yönelik şiddete, onların yerinden edilmesine, tehcir ve tecrit edilmesine, sürgünde, mahallinde ya da barınak adı verilen tecrit mekânlarında öldürülmelerine karşı, örtük ama kuvvetli bir güç olarak varlığını sürdüren, hayvanlara yönelik merhamet, koruma ve ihtimam söylemlerinin seyrini ortaya koyuyor. Şiddet ile ihtimamın bir aradalığı ışığında, Himaye-i Hayvanat Cemiyetinin yüzyıl önce geliştirdiği ve günümüz Türkiye’sinde maalesef yeniden gündemde olan hayvanlara ötenazi, “iyi ölüm”, hayvanları “fenni yöntemlerle öldürme” söylemlerini inceliyorum.
Electoral Integrity in Turkey by Emre Toros
Authors: Erçetin Tuğçe
Published: November 2024

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MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PENCEGAHAN PERUNDUNGAN
Authors: Ginanjar Ledy , Sugandi Liawati , Gunawan Guntur , Suwandi Haris , Yoseptry Ricky , Wasliman Eva Dianawati
Published: November 2024

Perundungan di kalangan anak-anak dan remaja telah menjadi masalah serius yang mempengaruhi kesejahteraan fisik, emosional, dan akademis mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran manajemen pendidikan karakter dalam upaya pencegahan perundungan di lingkungan pendidikan. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif yang menggunakan wawancara mendalam dan analisis konten, kami meneliti persepsi guru, siswa, dan orang tua tentang efektivitas program-program pendidikan karakter yang diterapkan di sekolah dalam mengatasi perundungan. Temuan kami menunjukkan bahwa manajemen pendidikan karakter yang komprehensif, meliputi pembentukan nilai-nilai karakter, pembinaan sikap positif, dan promosi lingkungan sekolah yang inklusif, memiliki dampak positif dalam mengurangi kasus perundungan. Namun, tantangan yang signifikan muncul dalam mengimplementasikan program-program ini secara konsisten dan berkelanjutan. Implikasi praktis dan teoretis dari temuan ini dibahas, bersama dengan rekomendasi untuk penelitian dan praktik lanjutan dalam bidang manajemen pendidikan karakter dan pencegahan perundungan.
Effects of Teachers’ Digital Leadership on Students’ Learning Outcomes in Selected Secondary Schools in Mfoundi Division-Cameroon
Authors: Fokong Nubonyin Hilda , Tendong Check Elvis , Ambengwa Bi Stefanie
Published: November 2024

Purpose: Using digital leadership in instructional practices, teachers may or may not empower every student to reach his or her full potential. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of teachers’ digital leadership on students’ learning outcomes in selected schools in the Mfoundi division-Cameroon. The objectives of the study were: To examine the effects of teachers’ digital supervision of instruction on students’ learning outcomes; and to find out the effects of teachers’ digital communication on students’ learning outcomes.
Materials and Methodology: The study adopted the descriptive survey design. From an accessible population of 220 teachers who held administrative positions (like principal, vice Principal, discipline master/ mistress and head of department), a sample size of 198 was deemed appropriate for the study.  The purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used. Questionnaire was used as instrument to collect data. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the questionnaire was 0.874. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings: The ANOVA results indicated that teachers’ digital supervision of instruction has statistically significant positive effect on students’ learning outcomes (F=2263.7, P-Value 0.000). Similarly, teachers’ digital communication has statistically significant positive effect on students’ learning outcomes (F=6917.1, P-Value 0.000). 
Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Based on the results recommendations were made which include that government should organize capacity building seminars focusing on the integration of technology into teaching learning activities for teachers and school administrators and, teachers should use technology devices to direct, coordinate, and monitor instructional practices so as to positively enhance students’ learning outcomes and improve school success.
Adult Learning Strategies and Psychological Perspective of their Learning Interest in Programmes
Authors: Mahmud Abbas , Obidah Rebecca
Published: November 2024

The organizers, facilitators and participants should a cordial relationships when organizing any programme for adult learners. The understanding of who is an adult is crucial since it is one of the basic component for learning consideration. Identifying who is adult it depends on individual culture, tradition, norms and values. The features of adult learners were discussed in respect of their differences in their groups, autonomous, independent and self-directed learners goal-oriented among others. Looking at what perspective adult should learn largely depend on their internal intention at learning center and also the learning environment. The adult learning perspective were discussed on three basic aspect: participation, self-directed and transformation learning. Adult were different from children therefore, their learning strategies also differ three distinctive reasons were examined e.g motivation, visual and auditory among others. The learning environment of adult learners constituted some critical issues that directly concerns adult for instance social perspective, emotional and physical environment. Objectives are the basic things which motivated adult to attend learning centers. These include: skills development, career advancement, personal growth and social interaction to mentioned but few. And conclusion was made for the study were highlighted on what was discussed on the study were emphasize.
Social Media Perceived Influence of Academic Activities among Undergraduate Mathematics Students in Public Universities, Niger State
Authors: Musbahu Dr. ABDULRAHIM, , Abdullateef Oluyemo Alade , Anakpua Dr. Blessing Chinyere , Chikodi Nwigboji Emmanuel , Salahudeen Dr. Yusuf , D. Safo Dr. Alhassan
Published: November 2024

This study examined the social media perceived influence of academic activities among Undergraduate Mathematics students in Public Universities in Niger State. Two objectives were formulated for the study. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. The target population for this study consists of one thousand seven hundred and thirty four (1734) full time students of Public Universities in Niger State, comprising of (male = 1245 and female = 489) out of which 306 Undergraduate Mathematics students were randomly selected as the study sample using research Advisory Table. The questionnaire was adapted for the study which consisted of perceived influence of use of social media of academic activities in Public Universities in Niger State. The questionnaire was validated by experts and the reliability coefficient index was 0.830. Descriptive statistic mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research questions with the criterion mean set at 2.50 and above. T-test was used to analyze the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Analysis of data revealed that undergraduate mathematics students perceived that social media has negative influence towards their academic activities in public Universities in Niger State. Also, female undergraduate mathematics students has positive influence on social media platform on academic activities than their male counterpart. The findings showed that use of social media do influence mathematics undergraduate student’s academic performance as it become an integral part of students’ lives. It was recommended that; Undergraduate mathematics students should set their priorities right by taking advantage of social media more for learning, online discussion, downloading materials for reading and research purpose, and for solving academic related problems.
Social Media Use as a Predictor of Body Image and Self-Esteem among Undergraduates in Selected Universities in Osun State
Authors: Akintola Aderonke A.
Published: November 2024

The resultant effect on body image and self-esteem from social media use among undergraduates is of growing concern as digital platforms become increasingly integral to daily life. There is a dearth of literature combining these variables among undergraduates in Nigeria. This study therefore sought to investigate how social media affects young adults’ perceptions of their bodies and self-worth among undergraduates in Osun State. The study utilized a cross-sectional research design with data collected using self-report measurement from 400 undergraduates (Male = 127, female = 273). They were selected using multistage sampling techniques. Six hypotheses were generated and tested with simple linear regression, independent t-test and One-Way ANOVA. Results revealed that 54.8 % of the undergraduates viewed their body image favorably, while 55% had high self-esteem. Social media use significantly predicted body image perception of emerging adults and their self-esteem (β= .14, t= 2.91, p < .01) (β= .13, t= 2.54, p < .01), [R= .04, R2= .00] respectively, suggesting that digital engagement can enhance self-view for some individuals. Gender differences were noted, with females reporting more positive body image compared to the males t(398)= -2.27, p < .05, and higher self-esteem than the males t(398)= -2.10, p < .05). It was recommended that programs such as workshops, counseling sessions, and peer support groups aimed at enhancing self-esteem through positive social interactions and self-reflection should be encouraged.
Addressing Global Poverty: The Role of Aid in Achieving Inclusive Growth
Authors: Kaydor, Jr. Thomas
Published: November 2024

Global poverty got reduced due to the growth achievements made by China and India, but poverty is increasing in Africa and other regions. The COVID-19 pandemic even deepened poverty across all countries. Africa now faces another pandemic, the Mpox. However, amidst the current pandemic, ODA is even more important to help LDCs cope with demands from citizens. Aid positively impacts extreme poverty, though empirical evidence is required to claim causality. However, the ‘fundamental question is not whether aid works, but rather how aid can be made more effective. Fragile states cannot embark on development without stability, and stability cannot be guaranteed amidst widespread poverty. Instability, fragility, and poverty are therefore symbiotic, correlated and must urgently be addressed as a global public good. It was so good that global attention was focused on ending the COVID-19 pandemic so that states could get back on development tracks. Developed countries must now cancel poor countries’ long termed debt that had no quantum impact on national development. Often times, political elites benefit from such assistance more than the poor people. Therefore, countries giving Aid need to provide more aid to assist LICs and MICs achieve strategic pro-poor and inclusive growth to alleviate extreme poverty. The provision of AID does not mean that developing states must rely on ODA. They must be accountable and transparent in handling development assistance. In fact, donors should use their nationals and companies to implement infrastructural projects in receiving states so that the aid does not get misapplied. The receiving states need to supervise project and program implementation. Institutions are one of the deep determinants of growth. Therefore, to alleviate poverty, developing countries must build inclusive and effective institutions that will protect property rights, law, and order, ensure macroeconomic stability, provide public goods and services, and invest in education, health, food security and basic infrastructure to help poor countries achieve growth. Donor and recipient countries must target aid at economic growth corridors to spur economic growth so that the needs of the extreme poor, vulnerable and excluded can be addressed within an inclusive global poverty eradication framework.
An Algorithm for Consolidating Small Shipments to Reduce Costs in International Logistics for E-commerce Businesses
Authors: Tovstolis Igor
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This article presents an algorithm designed to optimize the consolidation of small shipments, aiming to reduce costs and improve efficiency in international logistics for e-commerce businesses. The research focuses on the highly trafficked route between China and the USA, particularly the corridor from Shenzhen to Los Angeles.
Methodology: By employing a cluster-based optimization model, the algorithm consolidates goods from multiple e-commerce companies into single containers, maximizing space utilization and minimizing transportation costs.
Findings: Experimental data reveals a 40% reduction in costs and a 10-day decrease in delivery times compared to traditional methods.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The algorithm has the potential as a scalable solution for global supply chain logistics.
Prospects and directions of diversification of oilseed group crops
Authors: Gamayunova Valentyna , Khonenko Lyubov , Mykolaichuk Vira , Kuvshinova Anna
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of technology elements on the yield and quality of oil from various varieties of oilseeds, in particular, sunflower, rapeseed, safflower, camelina, and brown mustard. The effectiveness of various agricultural techniques (types of fertilisers, protection systems, and agrotechnical measures) to improve the quality and quantity of these crops was evaluated. The study was conducted for three years on the basis of the educationalscientific-practical centre of Mykolaiv National Agrarian University. The methodology included conducting field experiments with various agronomic technologies, laboratory analysis of the obtained plant samples, and determining the oil content. According to the results, the use of an optimised nutrition system and a combined protection system increases the yield of sunflower seeds by 15%, the quality of oil by 10%, and the use of innovative elements for growing flax increases the oil content of seeds by 8%. For rapeseed, it was determined that the use of adopted nutrition and protection systems increases the yield by 20%. The mustard examination showed a substantial improvement in the crop’s resistance to diseases when using integrated plant protection. The findings confirmed the importance of choosing the optimal elements of the technology that contribute to improving the yield and quality of oilseeds. This issue is relevant since oilseeds occupy a substantial place in the agro-industrial complex. Increasing the efficiency of growing oilseeds not only provides stable profits for farmers but also has a positive impact on the food security of the country in general. Thus, the introduction of scientifically based agronomic measures is a critical factor for achieving sustainable development of the agricultural sector and diversification of oilseeds
Changes in the composition of grass and shrub layer plants in common oak stands since the closure of leaf canopy
Authors: Ivanyuk Ihor , Ivaniuk Tetiana , Krasnov Volodymyr , Zhukovskyi Oleh
Published: November 2024

Nowadays, there are threats of extinction of plant communities and individual plant species. Therefore, it is important to investigate the possibilities of restoring the composition of plants of different levels of forest phytocoenoses after clear-cutting in specific types of forest conditions. The purpose of the study was to establish the possibilities and features of restoring the species composition of plants of the grass and shrub layer, new growth and undergrowth after closing of canopies on common oak stands in fresh sugruds. Methods used: species accounting, comparison of species diversity at different sites, assessment of species abundance. It was established that the grass and shrub layer in closed forest stands consists of 54-57 species and it has a significant foliage cover – 60%. The base of the layer consists of 18-20 species. There is an increase with age in the value of the foliage cover of the main types of grass and shrub layer from 57-58% to 63-68%. It was found that the largest number of plants of the grass and shrub layer belongs to the forest ecological and coenotic group: in 9-10-year-old stands, 53.5% of species belong to the group, in 20-40-year-olds – 66.0%, and in 50-60-year-olds – 69.2%. It was found that the undergrowth consists of 4-6 species with a total closeness of 20-30% in crops of all age groups. The new growth consists of 6-8 species in forest stands of all age groups and their foliage cover ranges from 20-25%. The ratio of plants of different ecological and coenotic groups in oak stands of 50-60 years is quite close to overripe (130-140 years) natural stands. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the results in the practice of creating environmental protection facilities and justifying the systems of harvesting for the general use
Chromatographic purification technology optimisation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) from horse serum for animal chlamydia diagnostics
Authors: Tyrsynbayev Nurtas , Akhmetsadykov Nurlan , Krykbayev Yerkin , Khussainov Damir , Mendybayeva Anara
Published: November 2024

The study aimed to develop and evaluate an antibody quality improvement method to improve the accuracy and efficiency of chlamydia diagnosis in horses. The study was conducted in Kazakhstan and included 100 horses of the Kazakh breed infected with chlamydia, which was divided into two groups: experimental and control. In the experimental group, affinity chromatography was used to purify immunoglobulin G (IgG), which allowed for a 95% purity of the antibodies. The control group used a traditional diagnostic method without preliminary purification, which ensured IgG purity of only 60-65%. The data showed that the purified antibodies demonstrated improved diagnostic performance, including an increase in sensitivity of up to 92% and specificity of up to 95%. The purified antibodies provided effective binding to chlamydial antigens even at low concentrations (0.2cμg/ml), which is 2.5 times better than in the control group. The time to obtain a stable diagnostic signal was reduced by 33% and amounted to 20 minutes in the experimental group versus 30 minutes in the control group. The frequency of false-positive results in the experimental group was reduced to 5% and false-negative results to 4%, which significantly increases the overall reliability of diagnostics. The purified antibodies retained their activity for 12 months, demonstrating high stability and durability. These results highlighted the importance of using chromatographic purification to improve the quality of antibodies used for diagnostic purposes and offer a reliable approach for the accurate detection of chlamydia as well as other infectious diseases in animals. The introduction of such methods can significantly improve the efficiency of veterinary diagnostics and contribute to more timely and adequate treatment of animals
Yield and quality of winter wheat depending on sowing dates in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Serhieiev Leonid , Kohut Inna , Melnyk Oleksandr , Zhuk Mykola , Pochkolina Svitlana
Published: November 2024

Changing climatic conditions necessitate continued research to refine sowing dates for new winter wheat varieties and determine the level of their influence on productivity indicators, taking into account the specific weather conditions of the year. Therefore, the study of sowing dates, especially for innovative varieties with intensive initial growth, remains a relevant issue. This research aimed to determine and adapt to the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine the optimal and permissible sowing dates for new winter wheat varieties to achieve the highest possible level of realisation of their genetic potential in terms of yield and grain quality. Field experiments were conducted in 2021-2023 under the conditions of the Odesa Region. The main method used in the experiment was field research, which was supplemented by analytical studies, measurements, calculations, and observations. The harvest was recorded using a continuous threshing method with a SAMPO selection combine. It was established that the highest grain yield of winter wheat over the three-year study was achieved with sowing on 5 October. In 2021-2022, the average yield was 3.60 t/ha, while in 2022/2023, it increased to 3.90 t/ha. The highest yields were recorded for the following winter wheat varieties sown on 5 October (average for 2021-2022): Dovira Odeska – 4.03 t/ha, Katrusia Odeska – 5.16 t/ha, Pokrovska – 4.48 t/ha, Hospodarka Odeska – 4.28 t/ha, and Udacha Odeska – 4.08 t/ha (2022/2023). It was found that the grain quality of winter cereals largely depends on the year’s weather conditions, variety, and sowing dates. The best results for these indicators were obtained with sowing on 5 October. However, for all winter wheat varieties, there was a tendency towards an increase in protein and gluten content in the grain when sown on 15 October. Thus, the practical value of this research lies in identifying the adaptability of new-generation winter wheat varieties to unfavourable growing conditions, realising their potential genetic yield, and determining the optimal and permissible sowing dates in the soil and climatic conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine
Tillage influence on agrophysical soil properties and crop productivity in the irrigated conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine
Authors: Tomnytskyi Anatolii , Hranovska Liudmyla , Lykhovyd Pavlo , Reznichenko Nadiіa , Kozyriev Valerii
Published: November 2024

The main goal of the study was to establish the influence of various tillage systems on the agrophysical properties of dark-chestnut soil under short-grain crop rotation in the irrigated conditions of southern Ukraine. The research was carried out during 2021-2022 in a stationary experiment on a four-field crop rotation: grain maize – winter rapeseed – winter wheat – soybeans. The experimental field was in the semi-arid steppe climate zone at the Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. Three tillage systems were studied for their influence on soil bulk density, porosity, and water permeability, namely: mouldboard-differentiated ploughing tillage; differentiated chisel tillage; and differentiated ploughless tillage with soil slitting. Soil bulk density was determined using the core method. Soil porosity was calculated as the ratio of total bulk density to solid fraction bulk density. Water infiltration rates, established through the water absorption test method, were used to measure soil water permeability. The results of the study were statistically analysed using the common ANOVA procedure with Fisher’s least significant difference test at P<0.05. In addition to the agrophysical parameters of the soil, the energy output of the crop rotation was assessed. It was established that mouldboard tillage did not provide significant benefits in terms of bulk density and soil porosity. However, ploughing showed the best results for soil water permeability across all crops in the rotation. The highest energy output of crop rotation (119.1 GJ/ha) was recorded for the ploughless-differentiated tillage system with soil slitting, whereas the mouldboard ploughing and chisel tillage systems produced somewhat lower energy yields of 112.0 and 108.6 GJ/ha, respectively. Therefore, ploughless-differentiated tillage with soil slitting is the most effective option for short-grain crop rotations in irrigated conditions of southern Ukraine, in terms of creating optimal soil agrophysical properties and achieving the highest crop productivity
Intrusion Detection System Using Machine Learning
Authors: Mr. Mahendra Sanjay Dalvi  , Dr. Nilesh R. Wankhade
Published: November 2024

The system administrator can find network security breaches in their own organization with the aid of a system network intrusion detection system (NIDS). However, several challenges arise when developing a sophisticated and potent NIDS for unforeseen and erratic attacks. One of the main areas of interest in NIDS research in recent years has been the use of machine learning techniques. This system proposes a network intrusion detection technique that effectively detects various types of network intrusion i.e., Dos, U2R, R2L, Probe, Normal. It is based on decision tree and twin support vector machine.The decision tree for the network traffic data is first constructed using the trees. The bottom-up merging approach is then used to maximize the separation of the decision tree’s upper nodes, thereby reducing the accumulation of errors during the decision tree’s construction. Subsequently, the network intrusion detection model is implemented by embedding twin support vector machines into the decision tree. This performance evaluated network intrusion detection analysis dataset, particularly KDD-CUP99,NSLKDD dataset.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ЭФФЕКТИВНОГО ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ПОПУТНОГО НЕФТЯНОГО ГАЗА И ЛЕГКИХ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ
Authors: А.А. Мельдешов , А.К. Абишева , М.М. Матаев
Published: November 2024

Изучено превращение н-бутана на активированном Кынгракском бентоните, содержащем нанесенный рутений. Совместное присутствие водяного пара с н-бутаном в реакционной зоне уменьшает коксообразование на поверхности катализатора и способствует увеличению выхода изооктана. В данной статье приведены исследования изомеризации н-бутана на рутениевых катализаторах, нанесенных на Кынгракский бентонит, где преобладающим минералом является монтмориллонит. Совместное присутствие водяного пара с н-бутаном в реакционной зоне снижает коксообразование на поверхности катализатора и способствует увеличению выхода изооктана. Изомеризация н-бутана и н-пентана в соответствующий изобутан и изопентан является значимой реакцией в получении алкилбензинов и оксигенатов

Қ-бутанның құрамында рутений бар белсендірілген Қынғырақ бентонитіне айналуы зерттелді. Реакция аймағында су буының қ-бутанмен бірге болуы катализатор бетіндегі кокстың түзілуін азайтады және изооктан шығымдылығының артуына ықпал етеді. Бұл мақалада монтмориллонит басым минерал болып табылатын Қынғырақ бентонитіне қолданылатын рутений катализаторларындағы қ-бутанның изомерленуі туралы зерттеулер келтірілген. Реакция аймағында су буының қ-бутанмен бірге болуы катализатор бетіндегі кокстың түзілуін азайтады және изооктан шығымдылығының артуына ықпал етеді. Қ-бутан мен н-пентанның сәйкес изобутан мен изопентанға изомерленуі алкилбензиндер мен оксигенаттарды өндіруде маңызды реакциялар болып табылады

The transformation of n-butane on activated Kyngrak bentonite containing deposited ruthenium has been studied. The combined presence of water vapor with n-butane in the reaction zone reduces coke formation on the surface of the catalyst and increases the yield of isooctane. This article presents studies of the isomerization of n-butane on ruthenium catalysts deposited on Kyngrak bentonite, where montmorillonite is the predominant mineral. The combined presence of water vapor with n-butane in the reaction zone reduces coke formation on the surface of the catalyst and increases the yield of isooctane. The isomerization of n-butane and n-pentane into the corresponding isobutane and isopentane are significant reactions in the production of alkylbenzenes and oxygenates
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ СПЕКТРАЛЬНОГО МЕТОДА ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРИЗНАКОВ МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ ПОЛЕЗНЫХ ИСКОПАЕМЫХ
Authors: А.З. Капасова , М.П. Талерчик , Е.Ж. Маусымбеков
Published: November 2024

В настоящее время ГИС продемонстрировала свое удобство в разведке полезных ископаемых, принимая за основу метод дистанционного зондирования Земли, включающий в себя различные измерения отраженных и поглощенных электромагнитных колебаний от удаленных объектов, состоящих из различных сред, таких горная порода, минералы, земельный и растительный покров. Спектральные спутниковые снимки с использованием бортовых дистанционных датчиков позволяют обнаружить перспективные участки месторождений полезных ископаемых. Программа ГИС (ARGIS) имеет возможность создавать прогнозную карту полезных ископаемых без выезда в поле, находясь в камеральных условиях. Это обусловлено тем что, дистанционное зондирование Земли может различать спектральные признаки горных пород и минералов, а программа ГИС способна интегрировать различные источники данных по геологии, что позволяет различать типы геологических минералов

Қазіргі уақытта ГАЖ Жерді қашықтықтан зондтау әдісін негізге ала отырып, пайдалы қазбаларды барлауда өзінің ыңғайлылығын көрсетті, оған әртүрлі ортадан тұратын алыс объектілерден шағылысқан және сіңірілген электромагниттік тербелістердің әртүрлі өлшемдері кіреді тау жыныстары, минералдар, жер және өсімдік жамылғысы. Борттық қашықтықтағы датчиктерді қолданатын спектрлік спутниктік суреттер пайдалы қазбалар кең орындарының перспективалы учаскелерін анықтауға мүмкіндік береді. ГАЖ бағдарламасы (ARCGIS) камералдық жағдайда далаға шықпай-ақ пайдалы қазбалардың болжамды картасын жасау мүмкіндігіне ие. Бұл жерді қашықтықтан зондтау тау жыныстары мен минералдардың спектрлік белгілерін ажырата алатындығына байланысты, ал ГАЖ бағдарламасы геология бойынша әртүрлі деректер көздерін біріктіре алады, бұл геологиялық минералдардың түрлерін ажыратуға мүмкіндік береді

Currently, GIS has demonstrated its convenience in mineral exploration, taking as a basis the method of remote sensing of the Earth, which includes various measurements of reflected and absorbed electromagnetic vibrations from remote objects consisting of various media such as rock, minerals, land and vegetation. Spectral satellite images using on-board remote sensors make it possible to detect promising areas of mineral deposits. The GIS program (ARCGIS) has the ability to create a forecast map of minerals without going into the field, while in office conditions. This is due to the fact that remote sensing of the Earth can distinguish the spectral features of rocks and minerals, and the GIS program is able to integrate various data sources on geology, which makes it possible to distinguish types of geological minerals
МЕТОДИКА ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ВЛИЯЮЩИХ ФАКТОРОВ НА УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ БОРТОВ КАРЬЕРА ПРИ ВЕДЕНИИ БУРОВЗРЫВНЫХ РАБОТ
Authors: Б. Хусан , C.А. Мустафин , Г.Б. Ескенова , Ж.М. Асанова
Published: November 2024

Рассмотрены вопросы о влиянии буровзрывных работ на устойчивость бортов карьера, на прочность и структуру прибортовых массивов. Приведен пошаговый порядок оценки и камеральной обработки данных при оптической съемке скважин. Представлена методика определения систем трещин в массиве горных пород, основанная на сьемке бортов карьера геологическим компасом. Предложен способ геотехнической оценки состояния массива с использованием программ Dips и SWedge и их систематизация в геомеханической блочной модели. Интеграция факторов ослабления прочности прибортового массива в геомеханическую блочную модель позволит корректно проектировать буровзрывные блоки. Предлагаемый подход для определения параметров залегания трещин рекомендуется использовать при проектировании буровзрывных блоков с целью минимизации рисков обрушения бортов карьера

Бұрғылау-жару жұмыстарының карьер жағдауларының тұрақтылығына, жағдау маңайлық сілемнің құрылымы мен беріктігіне әсері туралы мәселелер қарастырылды. Ұңғымаларды оптикалық түсіру кезінде деректерді талдау және камералдық өңдеу тәртібі келтірілген. Карьер жағдауларын геологиялық компаспен түсіру негізінде тау жыныстары массивіндегі жарықтар жүйесін анықтау әдістемесі ұсынылған. Dips және SWedge бағдарламаларын қолдана отырып, массивтің күйін геотехникалық бағалау және оларды геомеханикалық блоктық модельде жүйелеу әдісі ұсынылған. Жағдау маңайлық сілемнің беріктігін әлсірететін факторларды геомеханикалық блоктық модельде біріктіру, бұрғылау-жару блоктарын дұрыс жобалауға мүмкіндік береді. Карьер жағдауларының құлау қаупін азайту мақсатында, жарықтардың пайда болу параметрлерін анықтауға арналған тәсілді бұрғылау-жару блоктарын жобалау кезінде қолдану ұсынылды

The article considers the impact of drilling and blasting operations on the stability of quarry walls, on the strength and structure of the rock massifs. A stepby-step procedure for analyzing and office processing of data during optical survey of boreholes is given. A method for determining crack systems in a rock massif is presented, based on surveying quarry walls with a geological compass. A method for geotechnical assessment of the massif condition using the Dips and SWedge programs and their systematization in a geomechanical block model is proposed. Integration of the factors of weakening the strength of the instrument array into the geomechanical block model will allow the correct design of drilling and blasting blocks. The proposed approach for determining the crack location parameters is recommended for use in designing drilling and blasting units in order to minimize the risks of quarry wall collapse
Rapso steigert Absatz in den Kernmärkten
Authors: Hillemeyer Judit
Published: November 2024

Rapsöl aus österreichischem Vertragsanbau produziert das Unternehmen Rapso. Der Klimawandel sowie globale wirtschaftliche und politische Verwerfungen machen dem Unternehmen zu schaffen.
Competence, Leadership Skills, and Professional Commitment of Elementary Teachers in the National Capital Region
Authors: Cadiong Amado Montera
Published: November 2024

This study focused on 379 elementary teachers across the National Capital Region (NCR) for the academic year 2023-2024. Using a descriptive methodology, the researcher collected data via self-organizing survey questionnaires. Data were analyzed using percentiles, median, arbitrary scales, and Spearman (Rho) product-moment correlations. The hypothesis was tested at a level of significance (0.05) and reliability of the test (Cronbach’s alpha) was evaluated at a satisfactory score (0.760). The researchers found that most elementary teachers were female, and the majority were professionally competent. There was a strong correlation between professional competence and the teachers ‘leadership skills. The level of commitment of the teachers varied with varying degrees of strength and direction (Excellent adjectival interpretation of professional commitment). The results demonstrate a high level of commitment among elementary teachers based on their active participation. This provides valuable insights for policy makers, school administrators and teacher training institutions to design and implement effective enhancement programs that further enhance competence, leadership skills and professional commitment in elementary teachers. These programs can be targeted toward the teachers and teacher training institutions in designing and implementing an effective enhancement program that supports the growth and development of targeted training programs.
Integrating Grassroots Innovation into Ethical Supply Chains: A Framework for Sustainable and Inclusive Development in Fragile States
Authors: Chukwunonye John Akpa
Published: November 2024

Fragile states, often hindered by weak governance, political instability, and economic fragility, face significant challenges in achieving sustainable development due to the lack of institutional frameworks necessary for implementing top-down, donor-driven development models. Traditional interventions frequently overlook local innovations, which are often better suited to address the unique challenges in these contexts. This paper explores the integration of grassroots innovation (GI) into ethical supply chains (ESCs) as a comprehensive approach to promoting inclusive and sustainable development in fragile states. Grassroots innovations, emerging from local communities, offer context-specific solutions to socioeconomic and environmental issues, while ethical supply chains ensure transparency, social responsibility, and environmental sustainability in production processes. Through case studies from Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and the Middle East, the study uses qualitative analysis to show how local innovations in areas like sustainable agriculture and renewable energy, exemplified by initiatives in Nepal and Sierra Leone, can be effectively integrated into global supply chains. The findings reveal that combining grassroots innovations with ethical supply chain practices fosters local empowerment, reduces dependency on foreign aid, and promotes self-sustaining economies. The proposed framework emphasizes the need for policy support, capacity building, and financial investment to facilitate this integration. Ultimately, integrating grassroots innovation with ethical supply chains offers a viable pathway to achieving sustainable and inclusive development in fragile states by empowering local communities and promoting global standards of fairness, transparency, and sustainability, contributing to the broader Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
The Effect of Cow Bone Particulate on the Mechanical Properties and the Microstructure of Aluminium Brass
Authors: K.A. Olanipekun , A.A. Ojo , A.S. Lawal
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics of aluminium brass composites reinforced with varying percentages of cow bone particulate (CBP). The analysis includes stress, strain, elongation at yield, Brinell hardness, and impact resistance measurements, complemented by microstructural examination. The results show that increasing CBP content enhances the stress capacity and hardness of the composites, with stress values rising from 2.2123 N/mm² at 0% CBP to 3.9951 N/mm² at 3% CBP, and Brinell hardness increasing from 52.98 BHN to 103.63 BHN. Conversely, strain values decrease from 16.8% to 13.26%, indicating a reduction in ductility. Impact resistance also diminishes with higher CBP content, from 43.52 joules at 0% CBP to 32 joules at 3% CBP. Microstructural analysis reveals that CBP particles are distributed both as clusters and fine isolated particles within the brass matrix, influencing grain size and boundary strength. These findings suggest that while CBP reinforcement enhances the hardness and stress resistance of aluminium brass, it also introduces brittleness, affecting the material’s overall ductility and impact resistance. The study provides valuable insights into the potential applications and limitations of CBP-reinforced aluminium brass composites.
Constitucionalismo y Estado: elementos teóricos para una búsqueda práctica
Authors: Mariscal Nicolás
Published: November 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 38, No. 411, 1983: 15-26.
¿Crisis militar o crisis política?
Authors: W. Z.
Published: November 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 38, No. 411, 1983: 50-54.
Los dólares "perdidos" en el correo
Authors: J. J.
Published: November 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 38, No. 411, 1983: 58-59.
Urbanisation : le cas particulier de Tolosa (Haute-Garonne, France) au iie et au Ier siècle av. J.-C.
Authors: EYMARD SANDRA
Published: November 2024

The Late Protohistoric settlement of Tolosa (2nd–1st century BC) consisted of two major sites located only a few kilometres apart: a hilltop settlement of more than 90 ha (Vieille-Toulouse) and a lowland settlement of more than 86 ha (Saint-Roch). Tolosa was the capital of the Volcae Tectosages people, whose territory stretched as far as the Mediterranean. Links with the Iberia and Italy regions appear to be relatively strong, as evidenced by the quantity and diversity of archaeological material from these areas. The documented written languages are first Iberian, then Greek, and finally Latin. Researchers have long discussed the location of the agglomeration of protohistoric Tolosa and the role of the second site. This paper presents a comparison of the theoretical criteria traditionally used to define urbanity (size, population density, permanence of structures, separation of craft and domestic areas, area devoted to worship, etc.) and data collected through fieldwork. Our approach is based on the use of GIS, which allowed us to cross-reference different types of data and thus initiate a discussion of the nature and relationship of the two sites. Contrary to pre-conceived models, which are based on abstract definitions of urbanization processes, this particular case study requires ad hoc criteria for understanding the coexistence of two large sites only four kilometres apart in order to understand the nature of their relations
A city-state system in the pre-Roman western Mediterranean: the Iberian cities of eastern Catalonia
Authors: SANMARTÍ GREGO JOAN , BELARTE FRANCO MARIA DEL CARMEN , NOGUERA GUILLÉN JAUME , ASENSIO VILARÓ DAVID , JORNET I NIELLA RAFEL , MORER JORDI
Published: November 2024

Research into the Iberian culture has been particularly intensive in recent decades, with extensive surveys and a number of large-scale excavations. In the coastal area of present-day Catalonia surveys have attested the existence of complex settlement patterns with different categories of sites, while excavations have contributed to our understanding of their internal functioning and their position within settlement systems. The information available on the different settlement categories suggests that the largest sites acted as the capitals of polities corresponding to some of the ethnic territories mentioned in the ancient written sources. Their rather limited sizes and hierarchical settlement structures mean these territories must be considered as city-states, whereas other areas of the Iberian culture (such as inland Catalonia) were organized into less centralized, heterarchic forms, occasionally with large territorial states
La civitas visigoda de Roda-l’Esquerda: la fortalesa i el territori del riu Ter
Authors: PRAT DE SABA ALBERT , OLLICH I CASTANYER IMMA
Published: November 2024

Les campanyes d’excavació arqueològica realitzades des del 2012 al jaciment de l’Esquerda han posat al descobert tot el traçat de tancament emmurallat del període medieval. Els materials arqueològics recuperats, l’estudi de l’estratigrafia, la datació per radiocarboni i l’anàlisi de paraments han pogut determinar que la muralla va ser construïda durant el període visigòtic. La posició militarment estratègica, el control de les vies de comunicació i la seva relació amb la seu episcopal d’Auso (Vic) van fer de l’indret un lloc perfecte per construir i fortificar la Roda Ciutat del període visigòtic. Tot i que va tenir una continuïtat d’ocupació durant el període carolingi i feudal fins al segle xiv dC, la funcionalitat inicial ens queda encara difusa entre la possibilitat d’un emplaçament fortificat durant la revolta del Dux Paulus al segle vii dC i la creació d’un centre de poder aristocràtic paral·lel al religiós, a l’espera que futures intervencions puguin aportar nous coneixements.
Nuevos datos sobre la muralla de Puig Rom (Roses, Alt Empordà, Girona)
Authors: SUBÍAS PASCUAL EVA , PUIG GRIESSENBERGER ANNA MARIA , CODINA REINA DOLORS , FIZ FERNÁNDEZ JOSÉ IGNACIO
Published: November 2024

La muralla de Puig Rom supone una pieza arquitectónica clave para el período visigótico en el Alt Empordà. Nuestra investigación ha permitido alargar la vida útil del núcleo desde mediados del siglo vii hasta bien entrado el período franco y añadir a la función de control territorial y de manifestación de prestigio del castrum una perduración como núcleo agropastoral. El análisis en curso de las técnicas constructivas pone de manifiesto la destreza en la explotación de los recursos geológicos del lugar y la solidez de una construcción que apenas utiliza ligantes para la cohesión de sus elementos
Nuevos datos sobre el asentamiento visigodo de València la Vella
Authors: HUGUET ENGUITA ESPERANÇA , MACIAS SOLÉ JOSEP MARIA , RIBERA LACOMBA ALBERT , RODRÍGUEZ MARTORELL FRANCESC , ROSSELLÓ MESQUIDA MIQUEL
Published: November 2024

Presentamos los primeros resultados obtenidos en el proyecto de excavaciones arqueológicas en València la Vella y ejecutados entre los años 2016 y 2018. En estas primeras campañas hemos optado por la documentación topográfica del asentamiento y la ejecución de sondeos de verificación estratigráfica. Además se ha incidido en la documentación de los tramos de muralla más afectados por destrucciones realizadas en el siglo xx. Estas actividades han permitido corroborar la cronología visigoda de un núcleo amurallado de casi 5 ha y constatar la importancia del urbanismo intramuros, así como de las actividades económicas que se pudieron realizar en su interior. De este modo, València la Vella se ofrece a la comunidad científica como uno de los yacimientos arqueológicos visigodos más relevantes para el conocimiento del urbanismo y la sociedad de los siglos vi y vii