bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peri-Conceptional undernutrition in twin bearing ewes: Effect on early fetal growth and birth weight
Authors: Vicente-Pérez Ricardo , Osorio-Marín Yolanda , López-Baca María De los Angeles , Avendaño-Reyes Leonel , Correa-Calderón Abelardo , Mellado Miguel , Lara-Rivera Ana L. , Meza-Herrera Cesar A. , Macias-Cruz Ulises
Published: October 2017

A total of 48 Katahdin x Pelibuey multiparous ewes were used to evaluate the e ect of nutritional restriction (40 %) before (30 d, RT), after (50 d, TR) or both periods (80 d, RR) compared with a control group on maternal body status, early fetal growth and lamb birth weights. Only twin bearing ewes were selected at d 50 of pregnancy for fetal measurements by ultrasonography and record of birth weight. Compared with control ewes, lower (p < 0.05) weight and body condition score had RT and RR ewes at mating time, likewise, TR and RR ewes at d 50 post-conception. There were mainly di erences between fetuses from control and RT ewes, being higher (p < 0.05) the vesicular, abdominal and fetal area, as well as crown-rump length and birth weight for RT fetuses. In conclusion, preconception undernutrition positively altered the early fetal growth and lamb birth weights in hair ewes pregnant with twins.
The Influence of Chief Executive Officer’s Compensation on Firms’ Performance in the Nigeria Banking Industry
Authors: Ekienabor Ehijiele , Mbaegbu Damian , Aguwamba Sunday
Published: October 2017

This is a quantitative research based on secondary sources of data. The study examines the influence of Chief Executive Officer’s (CEO) compensation on a firm's performance. The objectives of the study were to determine if CEO compensation and firm size do significantly influence a firm’s performance. In other to elicit information to examine the relationship between the variables, the convenience sampling technique, with the combination of both the cross-sectional and time-series data (panel data) were used since they provide greater precision and guard against having an illusory sample. 10 banks quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange were sampled for easy accessibility of data. The least square regression technique was used to test the hypotheses of the study. Two hypotheses were tested using panel least square (EViews 8) and from the research work, we summarize the following results; there is a significant relationship between CEO compensation and firm performance in the Nigerian banking industry. In addition, firm size does significantly influence firm performance in the Nigerian banking industry. The study recommends that there should be proper compensation review as this will increase the productivity of the executives. Since increased pay is necessary for the efficiency of the workers, it is advised to ensure a considerable pay as this will ensure for efficiency in the organization. In addition, since the core goal of setting up any business is to make a profit, business organisations should sort out ways at maximising profit and this could include cutting down expenses such as cutting down excessive employees’ pay (CEOs pay especially) and setting apposite pay package for employees. Therefore, policymakers (board of directors) should make an effort to align CEO’s paywith the firm’s capability to pay.
Variance Inflation Factor-Based Forward-Selection Method for Water-Quality Estimation via Combining Landsat TM, ETM+, and OLI/TIRS Images and Ancillary Environmental Data
Authors: Tu Min-Cheng , Smith Patricia , Filippi Anthony
Published: October 2017

A simple approach to enable water-management agencies employing free data to achieve the goal of using a single set of predictive equations for water-quality retrievals with satisfactory accuracy is proposed. Multiple regression-derived equations based on surface reflectance, band ratios, and environmental factors as predictor variables for concentrations of Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Nitrogen (TN), and Total Phosphorus (TP) were derived using a hybrid forward-selection method that considers Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) in the forward-selection process. Landsat TM, ETM+, and OLI/TIRS images were jointly utilized with environmental factors, such as wind speed and water surface temperature, to derive the single set of equations. The coefficients of determination of the best-fitting resultant equations varied from 0.62 to 0.79. Among all chosen predictor variables, ratio of reflectance of visible red (Band 3 for Landsat TM and ETM+, or Band 4 for Landsat OLI/TIRS) to visible blue (Band 1 for Landsat TM and ETM+, or Band 2 for Landsat OLI/TIRS) has a strong influence on the predictive power for TSS retrieval. Environmental factors including wind speed, remote sensing-derived water surface temperature, solar altitude, and time difference (in days) between the image acquisition and water sampling were found important in water-quality parameter estimation.
Sekar Indonesia: Interactive Android-Based Learning Media for History Learning
Authors: Massaty Muhammad Hassan , Sujana Yudianto , Budianto Aris
Published: October 2017

Historical learning in Indonesia is very minimal innovation. Due to the lack of innovation from year to year emerged various problems in historical learning activities such as monotonous, boring and uninteresting. The variety of learning media will be able to increase interest of learners in the learning process. The result of this research is an interesting and non-boring Android-based history learning media that is called Sekar Indonesia and worthy of being used as a learning media. This research method is research and development (R & D). This study was conducted using a research model developed by Borg & Gall. The research model consists of five steps: research and data collection, planning, product drafting, preliminary field testing and main product revision. Applications Sekar Indonesia tested by material experts, media experts and users. Expert testing results obtained percentage of 86.1% from material experts, 92.85% from media experts, and 97.7% form users. From the test results obtained the conclusion that the application Sekar Indonesia that has been developed can be used as a learning media.
AR-KIO: Augmented Reality-based Application as Instructional Media on Input and Output Device Component.
Authors: Rohmah Nur Hidayattur , Sujana Yudianto , Yuana Rosihan Ari
Published: October 2017

The rapid technology development can be utilized in various fields, especially in education. For example, is augmented reality-based learning media. The learning media can be applied to all the subject matter, including the subject of input and output component devices. Based on the observations that already made, there are some problems such as there is no interactive learning media and limited props in the laboratory. Though the subject of input and output component devices require three-dimensional visualization, especially input output components that are difficult to find in the school environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of instructional media applications that have been developed. The research method used is research development method. The tests conducted by media experts, content experts, users and smartphone devices with different specifications. Media expert testing using instruments that refer to aspects of the functionality of ISO 9126 with the percentage acquisition of 100%. Content expert testing using the instrument that refers aspects of learning design with the acquisition percentage of 88%. Meanwhile, user testing uses an instrument that refers to the usability aspect of ISO 9126 with a percentage gain of 83.4%. In addition, there are testing the software with android smartphone platform that has different specifications. The advantages of this application can run on a smartphone with minimum 512 MB RAM specs, Android OS Jelly Bean 4.3 and qHD screen resolution.
Framing the Refugee Crisis in Online Media: A Romanian Perspective
Authors: Corbu Nicoleta , Buturoiu Raluca , Durach Flavia
Published: October 2017

The European Union (EU) is under severe pressure, due to the multiple crises it has to manage. Among them, the refugee crisis is remarkable, since it is shaking both the individual member states and the EU as a whole. The media coverage of the refugee crisis is important because the media still are the main source of information concerning distant issues (the refugee crisis included), and as such it facilitates people’s access to social reality. Using the perspective of agenda-setting and the conceptual background of framing theory, we aim to (1) identify the most prominent frames online media employ with reference to the refugee crisis, and (2) reveal the tone of voice online media use when portraying issues related to this crisis. To achieve these two goals, we content analyzed 1493 online news articles, published between April 15, 2015 and February 29, 2016. Main findings show that online media outlets mainly refer to the refugee crisis in terms of responsibility and conflict, in this order of prominence. At the same time, online media portals prefer using a reasonably balanced viewpoint when portraying the refugees, and a slightly negative one in terms of attitudes towards the European Union.
Review of 'The Social Psychology of Morality' by J.P. Forgas, L. Jussim & P.A.M. Van Lange (eds.), Routledge, 2016
Authors: Bobb Andreea
Published: October 2017

This volume, that brings together the papers presented at the annual Sydney Symposium of Social Psychology, cannot but be enjoyed by the growing community of social psychologists interested in the field of morality. This is only the second book on morality that has the expression “social psychology” in its title after the Social Psychology of Morality: Exploring the Causes of Good and Evil (2012), edited by Mikulincer and Shaver. Forgas, Jussim and Van Lange (2016, p. 1) belief is that „Homo moralis is no less an appropriate term to describe humans as is Homo spaiens” and that social psychology has the privilege to unravel and understand human morality.
Interactional Strategies Used by Low Level Learners in Public Speaking Class
Authors: Astutik Yuli
Published: October 2017

This research article described the interactional strategies used by low learners in public speaking class. A qualitative study on whether or not low learners used the aspects of interactional strategies was the main focus. This paper also aimed to know what aspects mostly used and the factors that cause this problem. Observing and interviewing to six subjects regarding on the use of interactional strategies: exemplification, confirmation checks, comprehension checks, repetition, clarification requests, repetition requests, exemplification requests, and assistance appeal were carried out. Finding indicated that from six low learners, only two who did not apply interactional strategies in all situations. Four students have applied 3 – 4 interactional strategies in the case they were as the speaker. In another side, when they were the listeners, they did not apply the interactional strategies. The result showed that repetition was the interactional strategy mostly used by low learners. Nevertheless, the reason of using it was not proper reason. The further finding indicated some factors cause low learners did not use four interactional strategies such as fluency, grammar, lack of vocabulary and pronunciation in addition to the English practice merely in the formal situation.
Estimasi Posisi Magnetic Levitation Ball Menggunakan Metode Akar Kuadrat Ensemble Kalman Filter (AK-EnKF)
Authors: Herlambang Teguh
Published: October 2017

The role of Magnetic Levitation Ball in an industrial world is very important, among others, as system applied to a train moving on the rail at high speed (MAGLEV). Magnetic Levitation Ball is system consisting of a ferromagnetic solid steel ball floating over The surface of air medium when supplied with electromagnetic power which is hard to predict its position, and therefore estimations is required to estimate the position, and speed of the steel ball when the electromagnetic power is supplied to the steel ball. This paper was study on application of the modification of Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) method by adding Root Square at the stage of corecction called Ensemble Kalman Filter Square Root (EnKF-SR). Implemented to the mathematical model of magnetic levitation ball and speed of ferromagentic steel ball the result of the simulation of EnKF-SR using mathematical model of magnetic levitation ball showed that the error was less than 2% by generating both 200 and 300 ensembles. The least error was observed when 200 ensemble was generated at which the position error of ball was 0.018 m, and speed of the bll was 0.016 m/s and the electric current was 0.018 A.
Revisiting Graduate Student Training to Address Agricultural and Environmental Societal Challenges
Authors: Duckworth Owen W. , Andrews Megan Y. , Cubeta Marc A. , Grunden Amy M. , Ojiambo Peter S.
Published: October 2017

Core Ideas

Society is faced with daunting environmental and agricultural challenges.

There is a pressing need for multidisciplinary teams of collaborative scientists.

Novel graduate educational models may be needed to train students to address grand challenges.

An example of illustrating the model through microbiome science of plants and soil is presented.

Society and the higher education system are faced with daunting challenges associated with supplying food, energy, and water to a growing population while maintaining environmental quality and preserving natural resources. Too often, the higher education system does not facilitate collaborative immersion required to foster concerted multidisciplinary efforts needed to address societal grand challenges. In this commentary, we present an innovative model of cohort education, which equips graduate students with core skills and enables collaborative dissertation research among students. In addition, we provide an example of a program aimed at understanding the plant–soil microbiome, a critical research area that may yield significant advances in plant health and productivity.
Residual Fertilizer, Crop Sequence, and Water Availability Impact Rotational Nitrogen Balances
Authors: Maaz Tai , Pan William
Published: October 2017

Inter‐seasonal N carryover increased subsequent crop N recovery.

Increases in yield and N uptake after pea were partly attributed to higher N supply.

The benefit of pea preceding winter wheat increased with increasing available water.

Constructed rotation N balances incorporated inter‐seasonal changes in soil N supply.

Rotational N use was modeled across a range of water‐limited environments.

Accounting for multiple N sources provides an opportunity to improve rotational nitrogen use efficiency (rNUE) relative to single seasons. The project objectives were to assess the residual effects of fertilizer on subsequent crop yields and N recovery, attribute differences in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield due to changes in N supply following pea (Pisum sativum L.), examine changes in N balances and grain yields across varying water availability, and develop and apply a multi‐year regression model that assesses changes in rotational N balances in water‐limited cropping systems. Fifty to 160 kg N ha−1 were unaccounted for following spring canola (Brassica napus L.) harvest, and excessive fertilization led to increases in post‐harvest residual N and crop residue N. Subsequent crops accumulated 10 to 15 kg more grain N ha−1, when following fertilized canola, while rotational apparent fertilizer N recovery ranged from 3 to 15%, primarily in the second year. The residual effect of fertilization was only attributed to residual soil N since net N mineralization was not statistically affected. Economic optimal yields of winter wheat were almost 900 kg ha−1 greater following pea than wheat due to elevated soil N supply and other rotational effects, increasing with water availability. A method of analyzing rotational N use is presented that integrates the effects of year‐to‐year changes in N supply across a range of yields, from which N balances may be constructed based on the emerging relationships among yield potential and soil and plant N processes.
Influence of Droplet Size of Foliar‐Applied Nitrogen on Grain Protein Content of Hard Red Winter Wheat
Authors: Wyatt Ethan C. , Bushong Jacob T. , Macnack Natasha E. , Mullock Jeremiah L. , Taylor Randy , Raun William R.
Published: October 2017

Core Ideas

Application of foliar‐applied N postanthesis increased grain protein concentration (GPC).

Increasing GPC of wheat may allow producers to avoid costly discounts and obtain premiums.

No differences were observed in performance among three common agronomic droplet sizes.

Improvement in GPC is related to the amount of N measured in the flag leaf after foliar N application.

Larger increases in GPC are observed when grain yields are at or above average.

Effectively increasing the grain protein concentration (GPC) of hard red winter (HRW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) would allow producers to obtain adequate GPC levels while avoiding costly discounts and potentially obtaining protein premiums. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of different droplet sizes and N rates applied postanthesis to winter wheat grain yield, GPC, and flag‐leaf N concentrations. Foliar applications of N were made postanthesis at rates of 10 and 20 lb N/acre. Each N rate was applied at three different droplet sizes: fine, medium, coarse. The application of foliar N postanthesis did not greatly influence grain yield, but it typically increased the final GPC. The improvement in GPC was significantly related to the amount of N measured in the flag leaf after the foliar N application. Larger increases in GPC were observed when grain yields were at or above the average for the region. No consistent effect of droplet size on GPC and flag‐leaf N was observed. In conclusion, applying foliar N fertilizer postanthesis potentially allows producers to effectively manage and manipulate their final GPC of HRW wheat.
Overview of the Forage Land‐Use in Southern Chile in a Thirty‐Year Period
Authors: Moscoso Cristian J. , Urrutia Natalie L.
Published: October 2017

Core Ideas

Land‐use for forage decreased in the three regions, but not at the country level.

Naturalized land without cultural treatment represents the 88% of all forage land.

Cultivated forages represented less than 3.6% of all forage use at the country level.

Total forage area in the main grazing regions are being reduced over time.
A Conceptual Model of Fate and Transport Processes for RDX Deposited to Surface Soils of North American Active Demolition Sites
Authors: Lapointe Marie‐Claude , Martel Richard , Diaz Emmanuela
Published: October 2017

The use of hexahydro‐1,3,5‐trinitro‐1,3,5‐triazine (RDX) as an energetic material (EM) in ammunition constituents such as detonators, primers, mines, and rocket boosters and in plastic explosives has led to an international warning on possible soil, surface water, and groundwater contamination on military training sites. In Canada, the demolition sites of range training areas are known to be the second most contaminated sites by EM residues in terms of their concentrations in soil after anti‐tank ranges. This research proposes a conceptual model of the presence of RDX at the field scale at demolition sites according to previous soil and water characterization studies. This model illustrates the origin of RDX contamination, the main RDX transport pathways and processes, and the main threatened receptors. This conceptual model is of importance to visualize and understand RDX's environmental fate and behavior and to ultimately enable the production of a detailed quantitative model that can help to manage those RDX‐contaminated sites.

Core Ideas

RDX is mostly found in the form of aggregates of various sizes and shapes.

A field‐scale conceptual model of the source zone of RDX at Canadian demolition sites.

We illustrate RDX's complex multiphysical phenomenon and its environmental behavior.
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (Vis‐Nir‐Swir) as a Promising Tool for Blue Carbon Quantification in Mangrove Soils: A Case of Study in Tropical Semiarid Climatic Conditions
Authors: Romero Danilo J. , Nóbrega Gabriel N. , Otero Xosé L. , Ferreira Tiago O.
Published: October 2017

Core Ideas

The full‐range DRS spectrum (350–2500 nm) generated the best model of prediction.

Further DRS studies are necessary to cope with the variability in the mangrove soils.

DRS is an effective and fast method for blue carbon stock quantification in mangroves.

The assessment of the soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in mangrove ecosystems is essential for coastal management activities seeking the mitigation of CO2 emissions. However, the wet chemical analysis conventionally used to quantify SOC may overestimate SOC content due to oxidation of reduced compounds. This work focused on the use of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) for predicting SOC in mangrove forest areas. When used properly, DRS may be, in some cases, a more accurate and more efficient method for the determination of SOC in mangrove soils than conventional analytical approaches. Furthermore, variable selection may simplify and improve prediction accuracy, reducing collinearity in the dataset used and allowing better SOC quantification through more interpretable and robust models.
Szakmai-politikai nézetek és ideológiák az V. Nevelésügyi Kongresszuson
Authors: Darvai Tibor
Published: October 2017

Jelen tanulmány célja az, hogy néhány történeti és szociológiai összefüggés feltárásának segítségével bővítse ismereteinket az 1970-es évek egyik jelentős szakmai és oktatáspolitikai eseményéről, az V. Nevelésügyi Kongresszusról. Vizsgált témánknak kevés szakirodalma van, s ezek többsége is csak érintőlegesen foglalkozik a Kongresszus szerepével (Báthory, 2001; Halász 1984; Kelemen, 2003, 2007, 2015; Trencsényi, 2011). A kutatás a hatvanas évek második felének politikai helyzetének felvázolása után arra keresi választ, hogy milyen csoportok vettek részt, és, hogy ezek a csoportosulások milyen szakmai-ideológiai nézeteket képviseltek a Kongresszuson. Eredményeink szerint a kongresszus az új gazdasági mechanizmus ellenes politikai, szakszervezeti és pedagógiai erők fóruma volt, s a résztvevők szakmai-ideológiai nézeteikben az 1961-es iskolareform elveit hirdették.
Neveléstudományi elit a szocialista korszakban
Authors: Darvai Tibor
Published: October 2017

Németh András, Biró Zsuzsanna Hanna és Garai Imre (2015, szerk.): Neveléstudomány és tudományos elit a 20. század második felében. Gondolat Kiadó. Budapest.
Double-impulse feature extraction of faulty hybrid ceramic ball bearings based on DTCWPT
Authors: Lu Yuyun , Guo Yu
Published: October 2017

Fatigue spalling is one of the main reasons for rolling element bearing fault. When spalling fault occurs in the bearing raceway and the rolling balls are in and outside the stripping, the vibration signal changes. When rolling elements enters the fault zone, a step response is generated, which mainly consists of lower frequency components. When rolling elements exits the fault zone, an impulse response is generated with a wide bandwidth. To effectively separate these two types of signal characteristics is important to measure the length of peeling zone for ceramic ball bearing. In our research, we proposed a method of double-shock feature extraction for peeling failure of hybrid ceramic ball bearing based on double tree complex wavelet packet transform (DTCWPT). Firstly, in order to enhance the Signal Noise Ratio (SNR), the original vibration signal was denoised by double tree complex wavelet packet transform; Then, separating and extracting double impulse characteristics of the vibration signal from the hybrid ceramic ball bearing with the spalling failure by using Hilbert transform envelope algorithm. Experimental results showed that this method can effectively separate the double impulse characteristics of the hybrid ceramic ball bearing fault.
Teleconexiones atmosféricas-oceánicas (océanos Pacífico y Atlántico) moduladoras de veranos húmedos y secos en el Núcleo del Monzón de Norte América
Authors: Llanes Cárdenas Omar , Peinado Guevara Héctor José , Norzagaray Campos Mariano , González Ocampo Héctor Abelardo , García Gutiérrez Cipriano , Peinado Guevara Víctor Manuel
Published: October 2017

En décadas recientes, la irregularidad de las precipitaciones ha tenido diversos efectos ambientales y socioeconómicos adversos a nivel mundial. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la resolución de cuatro Modelos Climáticos Regionales (MCR’s) forzados por ERA-Interim para capturar los monzones extremos húmedos y secos en el Núcleo del Monzón de Norte América (NMNA), considerando los mecanismos oceánicos del Pacífico y del Atlántico. De las bases de datos disponibles en la red y para el período 1990-2008, se obtuvo: (1) promedio de las observaciones (obs media) después de haber obtenido 4 conjuntos de datos de precipitación observados: UDel, CLICOM, GPCP y CRU, (2) del Experimento Regional Coordinado de Reducción de Escala (CORDEX)-de Norte América (NA) se obtuvieron cuatro MCR’s forzados por ERA-Interim: RegCM4 (Reg1 y Reg2), HadGEM3-RA, RCA3.5 y REMO, (3) número e intensidad de los huracanes del Pacífico y (4) cálculo de las anomalías del Jet de Niveles Bajos del Caribe (CLLJ), Varianza Filtrada (VF), Oscilación Decadal del Pacífico (PDO) y Oscilación Multidecadal del Atlántico (AMO). Se seleccionaron dos monzones extremos: uno húmedo (1990) y otro seco (2005). Se aplicó una prueba de normalidad de Shapiro Wilk a los datos a estudiar. Se calculó una correlación de Pearson y una prueba de hipótesis con nivel de confianza de 95 % (P < 0.05) y 99 % (P < 0.01) entre los modelos, Era-Interim, las observaciones y los índices oceánicos. Sin considerar los índices oceánicos, HadGEM3-RA y ERA-Interim capturan de mejor manera la precipitación en los monzones húmedos, en tanto que ERA-Interim y Reg1 resultaron ser mejores para capturar la precipitación para monzones secos. El monzón de 1990 presentó casi el doble de precipitación que el 2005. Esta anomalía húmeda al parecer se asocia con la ocurrencia de 16 huracanes cerca del Golfo de California en 1990, lo que contrasta con el 2005, cuando solo se presentaron 7 huracanes. VF y CLLJ son inversamente proporcionales a la vea que son dos predictores significativos de los monzones húmedos en el NMNA. ERA-Interim captura de mejor manera las precipitaciones en años extremos húmedos. La PDO se correlacionó significativa y negativamente con REMO (Pr = -0.90) y CLLJ (Pr = -0.90), es decir, REMO no presenta resolución para capturar monzones secos que ocurren al presentarsefases –PDO. Cuando se presentan anomalías de fase +PDO y -CLLJ, también se presentará una anomalía de fase –CLLJ y viceversa, las cuales son características de eventos secos. Esta metodología resultó eficaz para predecir eventos hidroclimáticos extremos en el NMNA, sobre todo cuando se carece de datos provenientes de estaciones meteorológicas.
Detection of Formation of Recombinant Human Keratinocyte Growth Factor Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Based on its Optical Properties
Authors: Kumar Palanirajan Vijayaraj , Abdelkarim Maki Marwan Abdelmahmoud , Takahje Mhd Luay , Wei Yeong Siew , Tatt Lee Ming , Bin Abdul Majeed Abu Bakar
Published: October 2017

Background:

Recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor (rHuKGF) is a protein used
to treat oral mucositis caused by radio and chemotherapy in patients with hematologic malignancy.
The rHuKGF is available in the form of intravenous bolus injection. In this study, new formulation
of rHuKGF-loaded chitosan nanoparticles was developed to improve patient compliance.

Methods:

Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) loaded with rHuKGF were prepared by ionic gelation
method. The tripolyphosphate (TPP) cross-linked with chitosan molecules at pH >5.0 and form the
nanoparticles. An infrared spectroscopic technique was conducted to confirm the formation of
nanoparticles as a result of ionotropic interaction between TPP and chitosan. Zeta Sizer was used to
determine the size, polydispersity index (PdI) and zeta potential of the prepared nanoparticles. The
morphological characteristics of CNPs were measured by field emission scanning electron microscope.
During the formation of CNPs, the rHuKGF was entrapped in the nanoparticles. The loading
capacity of rHuKGF in CNPs was observed to be dependent on how much amount of rHuKGF/TPP
solution was added to convert all the chitosan molecules to form nanoparticles. A double beam
UV/Vis spectroscopic method was used to detect the formation of these rHuKGF loaded CNPs based
on their optical properties.

Results:

The produced rHuKGF-loaded CNPs were colorless, cloudy, and positively charged monodisperse
with a spherical shape. The prepared CNPs have particles size of 119 ± 74.62 nm, surface
charge of +20.3 ± 6.46 mV and 0.217 polydispersity index. The shape of prepared CNPs was found
to be spherical using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The interfacial polyelectrolyte
complexation between TPP and chitosan was confirmed by comparing the FTIR spectra of
TPP, chitosan, physical mixture of chitosan and TPP and CNPs. The loading capacity of the rHuKGF
in CNPs was found to be 93.3 ± 2.02%. The formation of rHuKGF loaded CNPs was detected by
double beam UV/Vis Spectroscopy at 232.2 nm.

Conclusion:

The results of the current work were utilized for designing a continuous monitoring and
detection system for the formation of CNPs. The outcomes of this technique are useful to avoid the
loss of rHuKGF during nanoparticle formation and improving the loading capacity of CNPs.
The Behavioral Perspective on Pay What You Want Pricing*
Authors: Baskin Ernest
Published: October 2017

* Comment on Egbert, Henrik, “Pay-What-You-Want Pricing,” in this issue.
Social choice theory and its application in a human rights based approach to development
Authors: Mohan Deepanshu
Published: October 2017

A discourse on human rights, is built on including such rights as part of a broader, universal framework (accommodating for moral, ethical claims) that go beyond any constitutionally derived claims and rights or any given set of legitimate laws that are defined by the sovereign of a country. In recent decades, invoking a discussion on safeguarding human rights has become a major way of challenging the level of inequities and oppression within and across countries today that are circumscribing the possibilities of realizing any form of developmental growth. This paper makes an attempt to study the basic formulation of rights, particularly in context of a human rights based approach to development (through a right to development) and exploring its analytical affiliation with the discipline of social choice theory. The social choice approach, as discussed in the paper, has something substantial to offer within the moral, ethical considerations involved in human right(s) formulation by offering a more systematic, non-arbitrary, analytical reasoning basis to the subject. Without getting into the mathematical details of the axioms involved in the theoretical construction of social choice, I draw a general linkage between the formal reasoning behind social choice theory (i.e. involving a diverse set of individual values and preferences in its social welfare function) and its operational connection with human rights, using freedoms as an integral part of the human rights based approach to development.
An analysis of the recent Eurozone recovery: is it sustainable?
Authors: Pezzuto Ivo
Published: October 2017

This article addresses the topic of the surprise European Economy recovery in 2017 and its possible implications. The article aims to provide a broad and comprehensive understanding of the triggering factors that have contributed to this unexpected economic revival and to the slow and uneven economic recovery in Europe after the Global Financial Crisis of 2008 and the Great Recession. The article also aims to highlight the potential downside risks related to the still unsolved structural issues that caused the debt overhang and macroeconomic imbalances in Europe in the past decade. Thus, the European Union and the Eurozone seem to be on course for a potential brighter future in the years to come but internal and external risks might still undermine the path to sustained growth, full economic recovery, and stronger integration in the region unless proper political, economic, fiscal, and monetary governance and policies are assured to make the euro area more resilient to future systemic shocks.
Time Trends of Dietary and Lifestyle Factors and Their Potential Impact on Diabetes Burden in China
Authors: Li Yanping , Wang Dong D. , Ley Sylvia H. , Vasanti Malik , Howard Annie Green , He Yuna , Hu Frank B.
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE

To examine the secular trends in risk factors, estimate their impact on type 2 diabetes burden from 1991 to 2011, and project trends in the next 20 years.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Risk factor distributions were based on data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 1991–2011. Diabetes cases attributable to all nonoptimal levels of each risk factor were estimated by applying the comparative risk assessment method.

RESULTS

In 2011, high BMI was the leading individual attributable factor for diabetes cases in China responsible for 43.8 million diabetes cases with a population-attributable fraction of 46.8%. Low whole-grain intake and high refined grain intake were the leading dietary risk factors in China responsible for 37.8 million and 21.8 million diabetes-attributable cases, respectively. The number of attributable diabetes cases associated with low physical activity, high blood pressure, and current smoking was 29.5, 21.6, and 9.8 million, respectively. Although intakes of low-fat dairy products, nuts, fruit, vegetables, and fish and seafood increased moderately over time, the average intake was below optimal levels in 2011 and were responsible for 15.8, 11.3, 9.9, 6.0, 3.6, and 2.6 million diabetes cases, respectively. Meanwhile, intakes of processed meat, red meat, and sugar-sweetened beverage showed increasing trends over time and were responsible for 2.8, 1.8, and 0.5 million diabetes cases, respectively, in 2011.

CONCLUSIONS

A high BMI and low intake of whole grains but high intake of refined grains are the most important individual risk factors related to Chinese diabetes burden; low physical activity and high blood pressure also significantly contributed.
Genetic Support for a Causal Role of Insulin Resistance on Circulating Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Inflammation
Authors: Wang Qin , Holmes Michael V. , Davey Smith George , Ala-Korpela Mika
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE

Insulin resistance has deleterious effects on cardiometabolic disease. We used Mendelian randomization analyses to clarify the causal relationships of insulin resistance (IR) on circulating blood-based metabolites to shed light on potential mediators of the IR to cardiometabolic disease relationship.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We used 53 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with IR from a recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) to explore their effects on circulating lipids and metabolites. We used published summary-level data from two GWASs of European individuals; data on the exposure (IR) were obtained from meta-GWASs of 188,577 individuals, and data on the outcomes (58 metabolic measures assessed by nuclear magnetic resonance) were taken from a GWAS of 24,925 individuals.

RESULTS

One-SD genetically elevated IR (equivalent to 55% higher geometric mean of fasting insulin, 0.89 mmol/L higher triglycerides, and 0.46 mmol/L lower HDL cholesterol) was associated with higher concentrations of all branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs)—isoleucine (0.56 SD; 95% CI 0.43, 0.70), leucine (0.42 SD; 95% CI 0.28, 0.55), and valine (0.26 SD; 95% CI 0.12, 0.39)—as well as with higher glycoprotein acetyls (an inflammation marker) (0.47 SD; 95% CI 0.32, 0.62) (P < 0.0003 for each). Results were broadly consistent when using multiple sensitivity analyses to account for potential genetic pleiotropy.

CONCLUSIONS

We provide robust evidence that IR causally affects each individual BCAA and inflammation. Taken together with existing studies, this implies that BCAA metabolism lies on a causal pathway from adiposity and IR to type 2 diabetes.
CULTURE - MEMORY OF THE WORLD, CONSENSUS FOR LIVING TOGETHER
Authors: Krynski Andrzej , Kengne Yves Merlin
Published: October 2017

. The present problem of today's society in the changing reality is that people living within their culture, assuming that culture is the remembrance of the past, but also the vision of the world leading to the future and creation common sense of life. The culture is measured by the traces left by it. This trace is a story based on creativity in and for the community. Conditional here, there is a quantum of social consent for the form and content of this culture.
Such a cultural consensus is both reproduction and development. Consequently, the analysis of the characteristic traits of culture, as defined by contemporary anthropology, makes it possible to distinguish in culture the multiplicity and variety of the processes that lead to a work - a cultural product characteristic of a kind of force cultural.
With all this in mind, you can perform a reflection that distinguishes three steps by successively developing the following: What is culture? What is the process of reproduction and development of culture?
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND MANAGEMENT IN GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Mirski Andrzej , Shaikan Andrii , Kome Abraham
Published: October 2017

Environmental management can no longer only be of local importance, as globalization processes have also embraced this area. The author distinguished and discussed six aspects of ecological globalization: proximity, interdependence, awareness, attitudes and responsibility, and interaction.
STRATEGIC PRIORITIES OF UKRAINE’S INVESTMENT AND INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT IN MODERN INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Izmaylov Yaroslav , Znotina Daina , Puriy Hanna
Published: October 2017

The research generalizes the approaches towards a country’s investment and innovation development in the modern international economic environment. It analyzes the dynamics of the investment and innovation changes in Ukraine and determines the place of the country in the world rating of poor economic positions. Some basic problems of the investment and innovation development of Ukraine’s economy in international economic conditions are highlighted. An algorithm of preparing, making and realizing investment and innovation decisions at Ukraine’s enterprises is developed considering the system impact of factors on the development of national and foreign business entities. The authors define and substantiate some strategic priorities and suggest a strategy of Ukraine’s investment and innovation development under globalization conditions
INFORMATION SUPPORT OF MANAGEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
Authors: Datsko Kateryna , Covarrubias Juan Campechano
Published: October 2017

The article summarizes the constituent elements of the information provision of management of international operations. The key problems faced by enterprises in implementation of international activities under the conditions of instability of economic and political processes were identified
MARKETING STRATEGY OF ENTERPRISE POSITIONING IN THE MARKET OF LOGISTIC SERVICES
Authors: Sahaidak Mykhailo , Zavyalova Marina , Kotane Inta
Published: October 2017

The article analyzes the tendencies of development of the Ukrainian market of logistic services, in particular the segment of postal logistics, courier activity and express delivery. As a result of the study, a number of factors that have the most significant impact on the activities of domestic and foreign logistic operators in the Ukrainian market of logistics services were identified and analyzed. In the article the positioning tools of the leading operators of postal logistics and express delivery in the minds of the consumer of logistic services are structured. The proposed approach allowed to identify key competitive advantages and develop a marketing strategy for positioning of postal and logistic operators in the Ukrainian logistics market
ORGANIZATIONAL MODEL OF ACCOUNTING POLICY UNDER CONDITIONS OF IFRS USE
Authors: Kondratyuk Olga , Rudenko Оlеnа , Volkova Jeļena
Published: October 2017

The integrated model of an enterprise’s accounting policy formation’s organization, which is subjected to the norms of the international standards, is offered in the article. The model foresees the organizational measures, dealing with the accounting policy formation, which are structured, according to the stages of the organization, the content of IFRS norms or their absence.  Thus, if the accounting rule: a) is defined in the corresponding IFRS, then its use is obligatory (if the influence of its use is insignificant, then this rule may not be used); b) is not defined by IFRS, then the accounting policy is defined by the managerial personnel, who use the opinion.
The accounting policy of an enterprise is presented as the resulting informational product, which is composed of the totality of an accountant’s professional opinions
Impacto do desenvolvimento do agronegócio nas economias periféricas de Brasil e Paraguai
Authors: Rossetto Luciana Pelaes , Cardoso Fabio Silvestre
Published: October 2017

O artigo trata da inserção do Brasil e do Paraguai no contexto internacional na condição de países periféricos em função da dependência econômica da produção de commodities. A partir de revisão de literatura e de análise de relatórios econômicos, contextualiza-se o peso do setor agrícola no PIB de cada país e analisa-se o desempenho de ambos na atual dinâmica da globalização, aprofundando a discussão com as questões relativas ao embate centro-periferia. Por fim, verifica-se que Brasil e Paraguai são dependentes do cenário mundial, regido pelos países que controlam o capitalismo internacional, portanto na condição de periféricos e sem perspectivas de mudança.
O Mar da Galileia e seus contextos de simbolismos
Authors: Becker Elsbeth Léia Spode , Batista Natália Lampert , Russini Augusto
Published: October 2017

O artigo descreve o Mar da Galileia e seu entorno no contexto bíblico. Após uma breve apresentação geográfica da região, buscou-se traçar os rumos da história, enfocando, especialmente, o contexto do Cristianismo, evidenciando o ambiente natural dos apóstolos que Jesus convidou para pescar homens e almas. A metodologia está embasada no estado da arte e na perspectiva da pesquisa qualitativa que relaciona a história e a geografia como interação com a experiência no sagrado e a atividade do turismo. Concluiu-se que a história antiga no Mar da Galileia e seu entorno é uma terra de contrastes de religiões e de culturas onde os peregrinos e, também, os turistas buscam a experiência de fé que é visível na geografia e nas ruínas das antigas cidades de Carnafaum, Tiberíades, Magdala, Corazim e Betsaida. O sagrado e o profano coexistem, porém torna-se difícil distinguir os seus limites. O sagrado está nos símbolos que são abrigados pelas igrejas construídas no local para a realização dos ritos de fé. O espaço profano é o entorno, o espaço destinado ao comércio e ao lazer.
A Ecossocioeconomia e o Bem Viver na perspectiva do Urbano
Authors: ALCANTARA LILIANE CRISTINE SCHLEMER , GRIMM ISABEL JUREMA
Published: October 2017

Contemporaneamente, a mobilidade representa um dos principais desafios que as cidades enfrentam na tentativa de alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável, integrando alternativas para aperfeiçoar o deslocamento de pessoas, mercadorias e promover o bem viver urbano. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é dialogar sobre o tema da ecossocioeconomia a partir da relação dialética do bem viver. Trata-se de um ensaio bibliográfico-exploratório que sistematiza um conjunto de esforços compreendidos entre revisão da literatura dos temas em questão e pesquisa de campo para apresentar uma análise comparativa que trata da mobilidade urbana, com foco no uso da bicicleta em três casos reconhecidos: as cidades de Amsterdã, Copenhague e Rio de Janeiro. Como resultados tem-se os indicadores ecossocioeconômicos utilizados para mensurar a motivação para o uso da bicicleta; ações, investimentos e infraestrutura cicloviária existentes; políticas públicas de incentivo e de educação para o uso da bicicleta; índice de sustentabilidade do modal e projetos futuros.
Estimation of Design and Construction Costs of Third Level Health Centers in Colombia
Authors: Barreneche Ospina Juan Guillermo , Daza Torres Valentina , Andrade Huertas Santiago Nicolás , Bedoya Ramirez Paola Juliana , Saldarriaga S. Oscar Dario
Published: October 2017

This article states the average cost per square meter in Colombia for the design and construction of third level complexity hospitals by comparing the design and construction square meter cost obtained in other countries and national projects. Due to the Colombian population and the number of beds there is a deficit of 42.3%, having 1.5 beds per thousand habitants. As recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) which is 2.6 beds per thousand inhabitants. Therefore, more hospital design and construction projects are required in years to come.
Game As Major Introducing Media To OPT For College
Authors: Dewi Inggrit Swastini , Sanjaya Ridwan , Prasetya Hendra
Published: October 2017

Today's development requires people to have higher education and expertise in a particular field. Because of that, many universities or colleges are beginning to open new majors to suit the increasingly growing and diverse interests. However, the increasing number of majors could make it difficult for many high school students in determining the university or colleges and department they should take. A lack of understanding of their own personal interests and talents, as well as information about said universities or colleges and majors also add to the difficulty of choosing.Therefore, an interesting and simple media to help students to know their potential, provide information about the majors according to their interests, and help them determine the right path is needed.The concept of this major introducing game is based on sources such as interviews with interviewees and questionnaires. In the game, players can find out their interests, talents and appropriate majors, as well as courses and professions related to those majors. Aptitude test in this game is based on Holland’s Theory.
«La musa metafísica. Ensayos sobre la poesía de Guillermo Carnero», de Juan José Lanz
Authors: Sánchez Torre Leopoldo
Published: October 2017

Reseña del libro Juan José Lanz, La musa metafísica. Ensayos sobre la poesía de Guillermo Carnero, Valencia, Institució Alfons el Magnànim-Diputación de Valencia (Colección «Debats», 30), 2016, 238 págs.
MEDIA SOSIAL SEBAGAI MEDIUM KOMUNIKASI DAKWAH
Authors: Suharto Suharto
Published: October 2017

Indonesia is listed as the country with the most Twitter users in the world in 2010, more precisely amounted to 20.8% of internet users in the country or about 45 million Indonesians. The users of social media use twitter as a medium of da’wah (islamic preaching). Utilizing social media as a medium of da’wah means to affirm the existence of a preacher to always preach and transmit religious messages without being constrained by space and time. With social media facilities, a preacher also can make time efficient to interact with the audiences and sort content of da’wah which is more recent and fun.