bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban Flood Mitigation by Implementing LIDs (Case Study: Bendung Watershed in Palembang City)
Authors:   Universitas Gadjah Mada, Al Amin M. Baitullah , Sujono Joko ,   Universitas Gadjah Mada, Triatmadja Radianta ,   Universitas Gadjah Mada
Published: October 2024

Urban areas continue to be affected by flooding, necessitating more sustainable and effective adaptation strategies and mitigation initiatives. This study investigates the potential flood reduction capability achieved through implementing various green infrastructures known as low-impact development (LID). The Bendung watershed, in the center of Palembang City, with a total area of 18.37 km2, is used as the study area to evaluate the performance of LID infrastructure in reducing flood parameters, including total runoff volume, peak runoff discharge, runoff coefficient, and flooding area. Five types of LID infrastructure were simulated, namely bio-retention cells, rain gardens, permeable pavements, rain barrels, and recharge wells. The flood simulations were performed using four design storms with 2-, 5-, 10-, and 25-year return periods. Hydrologic and hydraulic modeling and simulations were carried out using PCSWMM Professional 2D, and the results were integrated with ArcMap to map the flood inundation. The results of this study demonstrate that with only 9.81 percent of the area occupied by LIDs, a flood reduction of more than 30% can be achieved. In addition, implementing LIDs can help restore the watershed’s hydrological condition to its natural state, as indicated by the decrease in the runoff coefficient. Thus, implementing LIDs in a sustainable urban drainage system must be widely promoted in many urban areas, especially in developed countries like Indonesia. This study can be used as a reference for the local government and authorities to create policies and regulations to establish sustainable flood mitigation measures in Palembang City.
Hazard zonation for potential earthquake-induced landslide in the eastern East Kunlun fault zone
Authors: Zheng Lifu , Fu Guochao , Luo Guichun
Published: October 2024

Based on probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, the seismic landslide hazard research considers the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of seismic peak ground acceleration, which integrates the factors such as seismic intensity, location, and recurrence time. The occurrence of future earthquakes has certain randomness. This article presents the landslide hazard zoning of the eastern Kunlun fault zone and its surrounding faults, which is carried out under the action of horizontal ground motion with certain exceeding probability. According to the geological structure and seismicity characteristics of the study area, the potential source is divided. Based on the seismic hazard analysis and Newmark cumulative displacement evaluation model, the seismic landslide hazard in the study area is analyzed. The landslide probability is taken as the risk index. The seismic landslide hazard can be divided into five grades: extremely low-prone area, low-prone area, medium-prone area, high-prone area, and extremely high-prone area. In the results of seismic landslide risk zoning given in this article, the surrounding areas of Tazang fault and Minjiang fault are high-risk areas, which should be paid attention to.
Sedimentary processes and patterns in deposits corresponding to freshwater lake-facies of hyperpycnal flow – An experimental study based on flume depositional simulations
Authors: Yan Hongguo , Dai Rong , Chen Bin , Luo Shunshe , Kang Yongmei , Zhou Xinping , Pang Jinlian
Published: October 2024

The article establishes a depositional model for lacustrine hyperpycnal flow by examining dynamics, transport factors, and laminae formation. The results show that several typical experimental phenomena such as fluid front mixing, double flow division, underwater leap, water skiing, and “new head” can be observed in the flume experiment. Based on the experimental observation of the flow process, three modes of transport of hyperpycnal flow in freshwater lake basins are summarized: bottom-bed loading, suspended loading, and uplift loading. Further, the change of fluid properties in hyperpycnal flow is summarized in three stages: a high-concentration stage, a low-concentration stage, and an uplifting stage. There are two main factors affecting the long-range transport of hyperpycnal flow: (1) the concentration difference between the head deposits and the ambient water body and (2) shear force of turbulence in the upper part of hyperpycnal flow. The simulation experiments of hyperpycnites laminae show that the laminae change from continuous to intermittent with the increase of the transportation distance. It is clear that the mode of transport of the hyperpycnal flow has a controlling effect on the degree of development of the laminae. Eventually, a depositional model of lake-facies hyperpycnal flow under experimental conditions was constructed.
Entrepreneurs and their impact on jobs and economic growth
Authors:   DIW Berlin, Kritikos Alexander
Published: October 2024

Entrepreneurs, creators of new firms, are a rare species. Even in innovation-driven economies, only 1–2% of the work force starts a business in any given year. Yet entrepreneurs, particularly innovative entrepreneurs, are vital to the competitiveness of the economy and may establish new jobs. The gains of entrepreneurship are only realized, however, if the business environment is receptive to innovation. In addition, policymakers need to prepare for the potential job losses that can occur in the medium term through “creative destruction” as entrepreneurs strive for increased productivity.
Políticas de liderazgo y gestión en instituciones de educación superior de México y Costa Rica
Authors: Díaz Delgado Miguel Ángel , Chen-Quesada Evelyn , Venegas Oviedo Adriana
Published: October 2024

Educational policies focused on management and leadership in higher education have gained significant importance in recent years. Decision-making, planning, organizing, and executing strategies are the responsibility of the leadership of schools, units, and faculties within various university bodies. The knowledge, skills, and competencies in management and leadership of these leaders are essential elements for implementing development strategies for research, teaching, and outreach. This study aims to compare educational leadership policies in higher education in Mexico and Costa Rica, focusing on regulations, policies, and professional development at the University of Guadalajara, the National University of Costa Rica, and the University of Costa Rica, as well as to identify a binational model. The research was conducted from a naturalistic approach with a comparative methodology, using the case study technique through document analysis. The findings conclude that the three universities are characterized by a diversity of styles and approaches in their policies, regulations, training programs, and curricula to address management and leadership, ranging from more traditional models to more participatory and collaborative approaches. They address university organization indifferent and varied ways, each with a specific logic. It was not possible to determine a binational university leadership model, nor are there institutional policies directly aimed at management and leadership for university authorities, thus opening a research avenue for future academic and interinstitutional practice.
Ansiedad matemática y ansiedad ante la enseñanza de la Matemática en docentes de educación primaria en Costa Rica
Authors: Delgado-Monge Islande Cristina , Espinoza-González Johan , Valverde-Soto Gabriela , Pérez-Tyteca Patricia
Published: October 2024

[Objective] This research project analyze math anxiety and anxiety experienced when teaching math by primary school teachers working for the Ministry of Public Education in Costa Rica. For this purpose, math anxiety and its three dimensions and math teaching anxiety and its four dimensions were determined. In addition, the influence of some variables such as academic performance, sex, and work experience on anxiety were also analyzed. [Methodology] The study was quantitative and had a sample of 372 practicing teachers (336 women and 36 men) from six regions of Costa Rica: San Carlos, North-North Zone, Limón, Los Santos, Puriscal, and Alajuela with ages between 23 and 63 years. Their experience as primary school teachers range from one year to 35 years, while 55 of them are still studying and 317 are not pursuing university studies. [Results] Higher academic performance is associated with lower MA and MTA scores. Furthermore, teachers suffer MA (Math Anxiety) and MTA (Math Teaching Anxiety), years of experience do not improve this situation, and less self-confident subjects experience more MTA. In addition, a positive correlation was found between MA, MTA, and their dimensions, being the correlations between GA (General Anxiety)-EA (Exam Anxiety), MA-GA, SC (Self-Confidence)-AMT (Attitude towards Math Teaching), and MTA-CK (Content Knowledge) the strongest. [Conclusions] The study concludes that the sample shows a significant percentage of MA and MTA, as well as their dimensions, which negatively affects attitude towards mathematics and teachers’ perception and self-confidence when teaching this subject.
Competencia docente del profesorado de educación primaria en el área de medidas en un contexto de reforma curricular
Authors: Alpízar-Vargas Marianela , Fernández Ceneida , Llinares Salvador
Published: October 2024

[Objective] The aim is to explore how in-service teachers professionally view curricular materials and students' mathematical thinking in the area of measurement. [Methodology] The participants were 18 in-service primary school teachers, who completed a 12-item questionnaire with three focuses: (i) interpret students' mathematical thinking, (ii) propose activities to support students' understanding, and (iii) analyze activities related to curriculum references regarding magnitudes and their measurements. The analysis was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, the characteristics of the responses by in-service teachers to each of the items were identified, and in the second stage those characteristics were grouped according to the three focuses in order to identify any peculiarities on how teachers interpreted students' mathematical thinking and proposed and analyzed activities using the curriculum. [Results] Results indicate that teachers have difficulties in identifying errors because they do not consider the real context of the problem. Furthermore, although they were able to propose different activities, they had difficulties when asked to place the activity into an everyday context. The curricular difference between mathematical process and ability proved to be difficult for teachers in the area of measurement. [Conclusions] Teachers’ limitations show the need to develop continuing education proposals for in-service primary teachers that foster the development of teaching competences.
Introducción a los dialectos árabes: Apuntes para el aula
Authors: Moscoso García Francisco
Published: October 2024

Este esbozo sobre las variedades árabes parte de nuestras clases de Introducción a los Dialectos Árabes que hemos venido enseñando durante el segundo semestre del Grado de Estudios de Asia y África, Itinerario de Árabe, en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid desde el curso 2010/11. Lleva el subtítulo Apuntes para el aula por haber sido escrito para la parte teórica de nuestro curso. No es nuestra intención llevar a cabo un estudio científico exhaustivo de las variedades árabes que hoy en día se hablan en el mundo, y de las que se hablaron en zonas hoy día no arabófonas, pero sí ofrecer al alumno los rasgos más destacados de estas y las referencias bibliográficas que nos han parecido más relevantes. Por otro lado, nuestra intención ha sido la de valorar estas variedades, todas ellas orales, a excepción del maltés, que ha sido normalizada y es oficial en Malta y en la Unión Europea. El árabe literal se ha convertido en una lengua dominante, haciendo que las variedades árabes maternas hayan sido, y sigan siéndolo, minorizadas. No es nuestra intención ignorar la importancia literaria, administrativa, educativa o internacional del árabe dominante, pero sí poner en valor las lenguas árabes maternas. Hemos dividido nuestra exposición en ocho apartados. Después de la introducción, expondremos qué se entiende por Dialectología árabe y cuál ha sido su papel en el arabismo español. Pasaremos a continuación a presentar la situación multiglósica de la lengua árabe y las dos regiones dialectales más importantes, la occidental y la oriental. Llegados a este punto, se hace necesario enumerar unas pautas que nos orienten sobre cómo estudiar una variedad árabe, términos en árabe literal relacionados con la disciplina y algunos rasgos fonéticos generales para tener en cuenta cuando abordemos el análisis de algún texto. Y, por último, hemos creído conveniente exponer los argumentos más relevantes de los defensores del árabe literal para que no se normalicen las variedades árabes maternas y los argumentos de los que sí quieren.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ ГИДРОТЕРМАЛЬНОЙ КАРБОНИЗАЦИИ ЛИГНИНА НА СВОЙСТВА БИОУГЛЕЙ КАК ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНОГО ТВЕРДОГО ТОПЛИВА
Authors: КРЫСАНОВА К.О. , ИВАНЦОВ М.И. , СОТНИКОВА А.Е. , КРЫЛОВА А.Ю. , КУЛИКОВА М.В.
Published: October 2024

Изучено влияние температуры гидротермальной карбонизации (190-250 °С) гидролизного лигнина на свойства получаемых биоуглей. Биоугли исследованы комплексом физико-химических методов, проведен их элементный, технический и термический анализ. Показано, что повышение температуры гидротермальной обработки лигнина отрицательно влияет на выход биоугля, но позволяет получить термически более стабильный продукт, имеющий топливные характеристики, сопоставимые с бурыми углями.

The effect of hydrothermal carbonisation temperature (190-250 °C) on the properties of biochar produced from hydrolytic lignin was studied. Biochar was investigated using a set of physicochemical methods, its elemental, proximate and thermal analysis was carried out. It is shown that an increase in the temperature of hydrothermal treatment has a negative effect on biochar yield but allows obtaining a more thermally stable product with fuel characteristics comparable with those of brown coal.
РАЗРАБОТКА НАНЕСЕННЫХ НИКЕЛЬ-ЦЕРИЕВЫХ КАТАЛИЗАТОРОВ ДЛЯ РЕСУРСОСБЕРЕГАЮЩЕЙ КОНВЕРСИИ МЕТАНА В ВОДОРОДСОДЕРЖАЩИЙ ГАЗ
Authors: НИКИТИН А.П. , СОЗИНОВ С.А. , МАТУС Е.В. , ИСМАГИЛОВ З.Р.
Published: October 2024

С целью разработки эффективного катализатора для ресурсосберегающей конверсии угольного метана в водородсодержащий газ проведен синтез серии образцов Ce0.2Ni0.8O1.2/Al2O3, исследованы их физико-химические и функциональные свойства в зависимости от природы предшественников активного компонента (гексагидрат нитрата никеля(II), аммиакат никеля(II)) и промотора (гексагидрат нитрата церия(III), нитрат аммония-церия(IV)). Показано, что природа предшественника влияет на текстурные и структурные характеристики образцов, их каталитическую активность в реакции пароуглекислотного риформинга метана и устойчивость к образованию углеродистых отложений. Установлен оптимальный состав предшественников (гексагидрат нитрата никеля(II), гексагидрат нитрата церия(III)), использование которых при синтезе катализатора Ce0.2Ni0.8O1.2/Al2O3 обеспечивает снижение среднего размера частиц Ni активного компонента (25 → 6.5 нм) и степени зауглероживания катализатора (2.9 → 0.5 %), высокий выход водорода (95 %) при 800 °С в реакции пароуглекислотного риформинга метана.

To develop an effective catalyst for the resource-saving conversion of coal-industry methane into hydrogen-containing gas, the materials Ce0.2Ni0.8O1.2/Al2O3 were synthesized, their physicochemical and functional properties were studied depending on the nature of the precursors of active components (nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate, nickel(II) ammonium oxide) and promoters (cerium(III) nitrate hexahydrate, ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate). It is shown that the nature of the precursor affects the textural and structural characteristics of the samples, their catalytic activity in the steam-carbon dioxide reforming of methane and resistance to the formation of carbon deposits. The optimal composition of precursors (nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate, cerium(III) nitrate hexahydrate) has been established, the use of which in the synthesis of the Ce0.2Ni0.8O1.2/Al2O3 catalyst ensures a decrease in the average particle size of the Ni active component (25 → 6.5 nm) and the degree of catalyst carbonisation (2.9 → 0.5%), high hydrogen yield (95%) at 800 °C in the steam-carbon dioxide reforming of methane.
УДАЛЕНИЕ ИОНОВ КАДМИЯ ИЗ ВОДНЫХ РАСТВОРОВ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ГОРЕЛОЙ ПОРОДЫ
Authors: САЛИЩЕВА О.В. , ТАРАСОВА Ю.В. , МОЛДАГУЛОВА Н.Е. , ЛАРИЧЕВ Т.А.
Published: October 2024

Адсорбционная очистка промышленных сточных и пластовых вод от металлов-токсикантов позволяет снизить антропогенную нагрузку на водные объекты. Показана эффективность использования адсорбента, полученного на основе местного минерального сырья, - горелой породы Ерунаковского каменноугольного месторождения (Кемеровская область) - для удаления ионов тяжелых металлов из водных растворов. Изучены кинетика процесса извлечения катионов кадмия из водных растворов, модели адсорбции Фрейндлиха, Ленгмюра и Дубинина-Радушкевича и их соответствие для описания процесса извлечения ионов тяжелых металлов из водных растворов на горелой породе. Установлена зависимость адсорбции от кислотности среды (рН). Максимальная адсорбционная способность от 30 до 40 мг/г была достигнута при рН 12.0. Химическая модификация щелочью (NaOH) при рН 12.0 приводит к увеличению степени извлечения ионов кадмия. В исследуемом диапазоне концентраций модели изотерм Фрейндлиха и Ленгмюра в большей степени соответствуют экспериментальным данным о равновесной адсорбции ионов металлов на горелой породе по сравнению с моделью Дубинина-Радушкевича.

Adsorption treatment of industrial wastewater and reservoir water from toxic metals can reduce the anthropogenic load on water bodies. The efficiency of using an adsorbent obtained on the basis of local mineral raw material, namely burnt rock from the Erunakovskoe coal deposit (the Kemerovo Region), to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions is shown. The kinetics of cadmium ion extraction from aqueous solutions, the adsorption models of Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich, and their significance for the description of heavy metal ion recovery from aqueous solutions using burnt rock were studied. The dependence of adsorption on the acidity (pH) of the medium has been established. A maximum adsorption capacity of 30 to 40 mg/g was achieved at pH 12.0. Chemical modification with alkali (NaOH) at pH 12.0 leads to an increase in the degree of cadmium ions extraction. Within the studied concentration range, the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms are more consistent with the experimental data on the equilibrium adsorption of metal ions on burnt rock, compared to the Dubinin-Radushkevich model.
СЕЛЕКТИВНОЕ ГИДРИРОВАНИЕ СО В ПРИСУТСТВИИ НИКЕЛЬСОДЕРЖАЩИХ УГЛЕРОДНЫХ КАТАЛИЗАТОРОВ
Authors: ЧЕМАКИНА И.С. , ИВАНЦОВ М.И. , ТРЕТЬЯКОВ Н.Ю. , ЕЛЫШЕВ А.В. , КУЛИКОВА М.В.
Published: October 2024

Описан процесс метанирования - селективного гидрирования оксидов углерода. Рассмотрены химические основы процесса и особенности формирования продуктов реакции в зависимости от используемого катализатора. Оценены преимущества каталитических систем на основе углеродных материалов и недостатки катализаторов на оксидных подложках для получения синтетического метана. Для процесса селективного гидрирования монооксида углерода (СО) предложены никельсодержащие углеродные катализаторы на основе березового активированного угля и микроцеллюлозы, полученные методами пропитки по влагоемкости и гидротермального синтеза. Синтезированные образцы исследованы методами оптико-эмиссионной спектроскопии с индуктивно-связанной плазмой, низкотемпературной адсорбции азота, сканирующей электронной микроскопии, энергодисперсионной спектроскопии, рентгенофазового анализа, термогравиметрического анализа. Изучено влияние подложки и метода синтеза катализатора на конверсию СО и выход метана в ходе реакции селективного гидрирования СО, выявлен оптимальный средний размер кристаллитов NiO и Ni(OH)2 - прекурсоров активной фазы. Показано, что наилучшие показатели конверсии монооксида углерода и выхода метана в реакции метанирования достигнуты в присутствии никельсодержащего углеродного образца на основе микроцеллюлозы, полученного методом гидротермального синтеза.

Methanation process, or selective hydrogenation of carbon oxides, is described. The chemical foundations of the process and the features of the formation of reaction products are considered, depending on the catalyst used. The advantages of catalytic systems based on carbon materials and disadvantages of the catalysts on oxide substrates for the production of synthetic methane are evaluated. Nickel-containing carbon catalysts based on birch activated carbon and microcellulose were obtained by incipient wetness impregnation and hydrothermal synthesis, and proposed for the selective hydrogenation of carbon monoxide (CO). The synthesized samples were studied by optical emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis. The influence of the substrate and the method of catalyst synthesis on CO conversion and methane yield from the selective hydrogenation of CO was studied, and the optimal size of NiO and Ni(OH)2 crystallites, the precursors or the active phase, was determined. It is shown that the best carbon monoxide conversion and methane yield from methanation reaction are achieved in the presence of nickel-containing microcellulose-based carbon sample obtained by hydrothermal synthesis.
Models of Historical Memory and past Representation of Vilnius University in the 19th-20th Centuries
Authors: Bumblauskas Alfredas
Published: October 2024

The article aims at presenting the topic of Vilnius University in different ideologically and politically conditioned models of historical memory of the 19th and 20th centuries. The analysis is based on Jorn Rüsen's theory of historical culture. The article focuses on the representational forms of Vilnius University of the past times, such as anniversaries (1828, 1929, 1979, 2004), monuments, commemoration galleries, naming of the courtyards and halls of the University, commemorating both the said anniversaries and marking other occasions, as sources of historical memory. During different periods of development - be it the Russian period (1795-1832), the Polish period (1919-1939), the Lithuanian period (1939-1940, 1941-1943) or the Soviet period (1940-1941, 1944-1990) - Vilnius University became the arena for the dominance of nationalistic, authoritarian, and totalitarian ideologies. Hence it is worthwhile to adjust the historiographic images that fail to deliberate the significance of these factors to the historical memories, fail to embrace the conflicts of the memories, and portray the past of Vilnius University merely from a perspective of a single nationalistic historical consciousness. 
On the other hand, the different developmental periods witnessed not the "pure" nationalistic models of historical memory - such as the "Polish", "Russian", "Lithuanian", as well as the communist model - but rather a compromise of different models. The shifts in the historiography at the juncture of the 20th and 21st centuries enable us to perceive the Great Duchy of Lithuania as a country of East Central Europe, bound to make a leap towards Europeanization. The price of Europeanization for Lithuania was the polonisation of its culture. This interpretation is contrary to the traditional Lithuanian model of historical memory; it sheds a different light on the Lithuanian Poles and phenomena of Polish culture (including Vilnius University), interpreting them as part of the self-identity of Lithuanian culture. Yet again, changes in historiography make it possible for us to start perceiving and interpreting Vilnius University within the context of the universities of East Central Europe and Jesuit universities. 
In the 16th-18th centuries, Vilnius University was the most eastward-forwarded outpost in the network of eastern universities, having no counterparts in terms of the area of its impact. Such an understanding and interpretation of the old Jesuit university adjusts the Russian (and partially the Lithuanian) model of historical memory, shaped since the epoch of Enlightenment. The above said enables drawing closer different models of historical memory - be they secular and confessional, Lithuanian and Polish - and creates the prerequisites for a multiperspective historical consciousness and historical memory.
Wiews of the nation's memories: A stereotyped vision of the Lithuanian history of the 20th century in Lithuanian documentary films
Authors: Šermukšnytė Rūta
Published: October 2024

The article aims to answer the following questions: what are the reasons for the stereotyped vision of the Lithuanian history? What views have become conventional representations of certain historical events, phenomena, and processes in Lithuania? A series of documentary films on the Lithuanian history of the 20th century created in 1990-2004 has been chosen as the object of the analysis. The analysis has shown that manifestations of stereotyped visions of the Lithuanian history are determined by certain cinematographic tendencies. Historical films and programs that are considered to be an adaptation of the national narrative cinematography have been predominant since the Lithuanian independence in 1991. This kind of narration is characterized by the validation of history as a national value, formation of national identity, and its stabilization rather than diversification and correction of the historical memory or the development of critical thinking. The current documentary material that is based on the understanding of history as a myth of the nation's history is not aimed at creating a new visual and verbal narration about the realities of the past, but rather at recognizing what has been said and made in the previous works. The repetition of the visions is also related to visual material as illustration rather than a perception of it as a historical source of a certain fact. Due to such thinking of creators of documentary films, they are not very ardent in seeking new material for films in foreign archives of view and sound. Also, Lithuanian history sometimes is being represented by pictures taken from facts that are not originally Lithuanian. Besides, sometimes a real meaning of views is being hidden under an additional comment behind the picture. Such tendencies have been observed in representing the most important historical events and processes for the Lithuanian statehood of the 20th century - namely, the occupation of Vilnius and Klaipeda, the restitution of Vilnius, the annexation of Lithuania by the Soviet Union, collectivization, the National Revival Movement "Atgimimas" of 1991, and finally, the events of January 13th.
Orthodox Church in Lithuania in the 20th century - Rec.: Laukaitytė R. Stačiatikių Bažnyčia Lietuvoje XX amžiuje. - Vilnius: Lietuvos istorijos instituto leidykla, 2003. 316 p.
Authors: Marcinkevičius Andrius
Published: October 2024

-
Synthesis of Lithuania's history as a means of visual communication. Rec.: Bumblauskas A. Senosios Lietuvos istorija 1009-1795. Vilnius: R. Paknio leidykla, 2005. 488 p.
Authors: Šermukšnytė Rūta
Published: October 2024

-
Stateless cultures: Five years of study and researches of the Vilnius university
Authors: Potašenko Grigorijus , Verbickienė Jurgita , Simoniukštytė Aušra
Published: October 2024

-
Weight loss and reduction in the risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients undergoing gastric end suture with the use of overstitch ® for a period of 12 months
Authors: Verônica Machado Ana eloiza , Queiroz Sander Bruno , Ronaldo Aberti Luiz , Caroline Ferreira Viviane , Casais de Oliveira Guilherme
Published: October 2024

The objective of this study is to analyze weight loss and risk reduction of cardiovascular diseases in patients undergoing endoscopic gastroplasty over a 12-month period. The research methodology adopted was a retrospective study with patients from the center participating in the research to treat obesity and with clinical indication for the procedure, from January 2021 to January 2022, meeting the inclusion criteria: minimum age: 18 years old, Minimum BMI of 30 kg/m2 (grade I obesity) and also patients who have already undergone bariatric surgery in the past and gained weight again (gain of at least 10% of the minimum weight achieved after bariatric surgery). The results obtained demonstrate that in month 1, the average weight was 114.1 kg, while in month 12 it was 82.3 kg, a reduction of approximately 27.86% (P < 0.001), observing a trend of progressive reduction from 1.5 kg to each month There was an average reduction of 28.11% in BMI over the 12 months (P< 0.01). As for the average WHR index, it also demonstrated a reduction, which allows us to affirm an improvement in the cardiovascular risk of patients who participated in this study (P< 0.01). The percentage of non-obese patients increased significantly from 0% to 16.28%, while the percentage of patients with Grade 2 and Grade 3 obesity decreased from 44.83% to 6.98% and from 48.28% to 1.16 %, respectively. This suggests a significant change in the distribution of patients' BMI throughout the study. It was concluded that endoscopic gastroplasty proved to be safe as it did not present complications or complications and was efficient for weight loss and the risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients over a period of 12 months.
Parenting in the Digital Age: Mediation Strategies as a Preventive Factor against Cyberbullying on Social Media among Saudi Parents
Authors: Alsebaei Maisoon-Osama , Aljasir Shuaa Abdulrahman
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the role of parental mediation strategies employed by parents in Saudi Arabia as a preventive factor against adolescents’ engagement in cyberbullying and cybervictimization within social media. It also examined the role of age, gender, and educational level of parents as moderators. Using an online survey, the sample consisted of 389 parent participants and their adolescent child, aged between 12 and 17. Results show that active, restrictive, and internet safety mediation strategies significantly predict a decrease in cyberbullying and cybervictimization, while a technical mediation strategy significantly predicts an increase. Results also show that parents’ age moderates the relation between active and internet safety mediation and adolescents’ engagement in cyberbullying. Parental gender also did not moderate the relation between parental mediation strategies and adolescents’ engagement in cyberbullying and cybervictimization, whereas parents’ educational level moderates the relation between restrictive, monitoring, and technical mediation strategies and adolescents’ engagement in cyberbullying.
The challenges of media and information literacy in the artificial intelligence ecology: deepfakes and misinformation
Authors: Sanchez-Acedo Alberto , Carbonell-Alcocer Alejandro , Gertrudix Manuel , Rubio-Tamayo Jose-Luis
Published: October 2024

In the ecosystem of artificial intelligence (AI), generative models enable the creation of hyper-realistic manipulations that are extremely plausible due to the precision of the audiovisual objects. These deepfakes are undetectable thanks to their components, which heightens concerns about the distortion of reality in the information ecosystem and how the ability to distinguish between real and fake audiovisual content affects public trust and democratic systems. This is a major challenge for media and information literacy if it is to combat misinfor­mation effectively. In this context, this study presents the results of a quasi-experiment conducted with 80 young people from the Community of Madrid (Spain) to assess their ability to detect deepfakes in immersive environments and to establish whether the context-identifying elements that enable detection of the reputation of the media source shape the credibility of the images. The results show that the images take precedence over the context identifiers, preventing a critical reading of the information that would make it possible to detect visual forgeries, something that is reinforced by their exceptional verisimilitude. It is concluded that the new post-humanist biome of virtual reality and artificial intelligence requires a reorien­tation of media and information literacy to raise the public’s awareness and educate them to make them less susceptible to disinformation based on deepfakes created with generative models.
Possibilities and challenges of Artificial Intelligence in the teaching and learning process of Journalism Writing. The experience in Spanish universities
Authors: Fernández-Barrero M.-Ángeles , López-Redondo Isaac , Aramburú-Moncada Luisa-Graciela
Published: October 2024

The research aims to assess the possibilities and challenges of artificial intelligence (AI) for the development of the teaching and learning of journalistic writing techniques in the university educational context. The main objective consists of analysing the abilities of AI to solve the composition of different journalistic texts¸ both informative and opinion, and the quality of the result, as well as other applications of AI in journalistic writing. The text tries to contribute to the knowledge on the use of AI by teachers and students in the teaching and learning process. A mixed methodology has been used to develop the research: on the one hand, descriptive and comparative, based on surveys to university professors in Spain specialised in this subject and to students taking related contents in their studies, also in this context; on the other hand, an experimental research is included among professors trained in the field of Journalistic Writing, who are asked for the qualified correction of an exam, anonymous, actually carried out with the AI system, ChatGPT. After weighing the results, each of them is interviewed in depth about the quality of the texts, their strengths, and weaknesses. The results show that AI is beginning to be used in the university context by students and professors. In the specific field of journalistic writing, its use for the moment is limited to assisting tasks in the writing process or suggesting topics, while the automatic generation of content is not widely accepted due to the ethical implications that it entails, especially those related to the originality of content. Teachers value the potential of this technology for writing simple and informative pieces but observe limitations at deeper levels of knowledge and in hybrid texts.
AI-Driven Advertising Activity: Perspectives from Peruvian Advertisers
Authors: Arbaiza Francisco , Arias Jazmine , Robledo-Dioses Kelly
Published: October 2024

This study explores the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the creative process within Peruvian advertising agencies. The research focuses on understanding how AI technologies influence the practices of professionals involved in creative production and the perception of AI’s role in enhancing or detracting from creativity in a market characterized by emerging digital transformation. Adopting a qualitative methodology grounded in the interpretive paradigm, the study placed particular emphasis on the insights and experiences of Creative Directors, who play a pivotal role in integrating AI into the creative process. In addition to these key professionals, the study also analyzed the perspectives of AI specialists, decision-makers in digital transformation, and AI consultants. Data was meticulously gathered through semi-structured in-depth interviews, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of how AI is reshaping creativity in advertising. The findings reveal that while AI offers significant potential to streamline and enhance creative processes, concerns about authenticity and the risk of diminishing human creativity persist. The study underscores the need for a balanced approach that integrates AI-driven efficiency with the preservation of original creative input, providing insights for future policy development and industry practices.
Physical-Biotic Structure in an AquaticTerrestrial Convergence Area in the San Francisco Marsh of the Ayapel Swamp System, Córdoba, Colombia
Authors: Díaz-Mesa Maria , Aguirre-Ramírez Néstor , Vélez-Macías Fabio , Hernández-Atilano Esnedy
Published: October 2024

This research analyzed the effect of border vegetation and pastures on the physical-biotic structure in a border sector of an aquatic-terrestrial convergence area, of the San Francisco Marsh of the Ayapel Swamp System (ASS), through organism groups, such as aquatic and terrestrial vegetation, aquatic macroinvertebrates and periphyton. In general, during the first phase of the flood pulse, a greater abundance of aquatic vegetation and periphyton algae was found (18 genera were determined in the forest and 16 in the pasture). Additionally, three families of aquatic macroinvertebrates were found in each study area. Good quality water was also found in the forest area, while moderately polluted water was found in the pasture. In the second phase of the flood pulse, the nutrients increased, the aquatic vegetation and periphyton algae densities decreased (seven genera were found in the forest and eight in the pasture), whereas the aquatic macroinvertebrates density increased, identifying six families in the forest and four in the pasture. Finally, both study areas had moderately polluted water. It is important to conserve and recover the native vegetation because it allows the presence of periphyton organisms, and aquatic macroinvertebrates, thereby making possible inorganic carbon fixation, nutrients recycling and organic matter availability. These contribute to the fish recovery, which is a fundamental economic resource in Ayapel and the surrounding areas.
Az emberközpontú munkaköri leírás
Authors: Pató Gáborné Szűcs Beáta , Illés Katalin
Published: October 2024

Az emberi erőforrás megfelelő, emberi értéken való kezelése nagy szerepet játszik a gazdasági szereplők versenyképességének kialakításban és fenntartásában. A tanulmány célja a munkaköri leírások megértését, készítését és használatát támogató PaTeNt© JD5T©2 térbeli munkaköri leírás felépítésének és gyakorlati jelentőségének bemutatása.
A nyilvánosság kommunikációs színterei
Authors: Szak Andrea
Published: October 2024

A tanulmány Gabriel Tarde (1843–1904) francia szociálpszichológus elméletéből indul ki, aki elsőként mutatott rá a társadalmi jelenségek következetes szekvenciájára a közvélemény alakításában. A sajtó, médiumok inspiráló hatását az egyéni vélemények, közvéleménnyé történő transzformálódási folyamatával írja le. Bemutatja a befogadó különböző értelmezési kereteit, az egyének közötti társalgás, diskurzus hatását a politikai, közéleti folyamatokra, ami a média közvetítő szerepe nélkül, szinte lehetetlen lenne.
A határőrség ügyeleti jelentései 1950-ben
Authors: Fórizs Sándor
Published: October 2024

A publikáció a határőrség 1950. évi központi napi ügyeleti jelentéseit dolgozza fel a Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár dokumentumai alapján. Bemutatásra kerül a határőrség általános helyzete, szervezete, vezetési okmányok. A napi események csoportosításából megismerhetjük a legfontosabb történéseket, a fegyverhasználatokat, a műszaki záron és az ahhoz tartozó aknamezőn bekövetkezett tragédiákat, a szomszédos országokkal fenntartott kapcsolatot. Az anyag statisztikai adatok alapján értékeli a műszaki létesítmények eredményességét.
A néppel a népért – korai baloldali partizánelméletek
Authors: Forgács Balázs
Published: October 2024

A 20. századi baloldali gerillaháborúkra nagy hatást gyakoroltak Marx, Engels és Lenin hadtudományi művei. Továbbfejlesztették az első gerillateoretikusok (Clausewitz, Jomini, Davidov) műveit, mellyel kiindulópontot jelentettek Mao számára, azaz elméleteik jelentik a kapcsolatot az első gerillaelméletek és Mao teóriái között. A tanulmány Marx, Engels és Lenin a forradalmi háborúról írt műveit mutatja be. A tanulmány az MTA Bolyai János Kutatási Ösztöndíj támogatásával készült.
A „Duna”-hadműveletből levont főbb tapasztalatok, tanulságok – a végrehajtó parancsnokok szemszögéből (1968. október)
Authors: M. Szabó Miklós
Published: October 2024

Az 50 évvel ezelőtt zajlott csehszlovákiai események történetét ismertnek véve a Szerző levéltári iratok alapján, e folyóirat 2018/1. számában összefoglalta azokat az alapvető tapasztalatokat, amelyeket a végrehajtásban részt vett – különböző szintű – parancsnokok rögzítettek „összegző jelentésben” még a hadművelet folyamán, 1968. szeptember végén, október elején, s amiknek lényegét már az év végén, illetve 1969-ben hasznosította is a Magyar Néphadsereg felső vezetése. Most ezt folytatja a végrehajtás tapasztalatainak és az ezek összegzésének bemutatásával.
A hivatás és a katonai hivatás története és elemei
Authors: Boda Mihály
Published: October 2024

Az állam és a magáncégek által alkalmazott szerződéses katonák számának emelkedése, és az önkéntes tartalékos tisztek vezette katonai egységek felállítása fontos erkölcsi és morális kérdéseket vetnek fel. A kérdések egy része a szerződéses katonák és a tartalékosok személyiségének speciális jellemzőire, illetve a tetteikkel szemben támasztott morális elvárások mibenlétére vonatkozik. Ezzel összefüggésben, egy másik felmerülő kérdés úgy szól, hogy „… miként különböztethetjük meg egymástól erkölcsi és morális szinten, a különböző katonatípusokat?”. Ez utóbbi kérdés megválaszolásához először az szükséges, hogy a kezünkben legyen a hivatásos katona erkölcsi és morális jellemzőinek meghatározása. Az alábbi tanulmány arra vállalkozik, hogy a hivatás mibenlétéből és elemeiből kiindulva vázlatosan körülírja a katonai hivatás mibenlétét, illetve a hivatásos katonaság erkölcsi és morális jellemzőit.
Transzatlanti „Super Bowl”
Authors: Szenes Zoltán
Published: October 2024

A NATO új csúcstalálkozóját Brüsszelben, az új székházban tartotta. A tagországok legfőbb vezetőinek találkozója hármas célt szolgált: (1) az elrettentés és védelem erősítését; (2) a biztonság javítását a déli régióban; (3) a terrorizmus elleni harc folytatását. A csúcs viharosra sikerült, Donald Trump „tranzakcionalista” diplomáciája elvonta a nemzetközi média figyelmét a találkozó fontos témáiról. Az ankéton azonban – paradox módon – mégis minden előkészített javaslatot jóváhagytak. A brüsszeli eredmények a NATO politika folytatásáról szólnak, a walesi (2014) és a varsói (2016) találkozókon kidolgozott koncepciók, akciótervek, programok végrehajtását és továbbfejlesztését jelentik. Magyarország új felajánlásokat jelentett be, igyekszik megbízható szövetséges lenni. A tanulmány célja a csúcstalálkozó eredményeinek értékelése, kontextusba helyezése, a témakörök és problémák árnyalt bemutatása.
Recenzió A munka világa a 21. század elején. Foglalkoztatáspolitikai és munkaerő-piaci kézikönyv című kiadványról
Authors: Hegedűs Henrik
Published: October 2024

Átmeneti korban élünk és ez különösen igaz a munka világára. A változásokat mind a munkavállalónak, mind a munkaadónak fel kell ismerniük és reagálniuk kell azokra. Az utóbbiaknak minden olyan lehetőséget, módszert be kell építeniük a humánerőforrás-gazdálkodásba, a munkaügyi igazgatásba, amely elősegíti a munkaszervezet minőségi munkavégzését, hatékony működését és modern választ ad a jövő munkaerőpiaci kihívásaira.
Az Egyesült Államok helye a világban az új amerikai biztonsági és védelmi stratégiák tükrében
Authors: Csutak Zsolt
Published: October 2024

A Donald Trump vezette Egyesült Államok a legfontosabb kormányzati stratégiai dokumentumokban kifejtett elképzelései és alapelvei révén újra definiálja hatalmi pozícióját és politikai, gazdasági, katonai érdekeinek prioritásait. A nemzeti biztonsági stratégia által felvázolt prioritások, témakörök és potenciális fenyegetések meghatározzák az amerikai kül- és biztonságpolitika irányultságát, míg a gyakorlatiasabb és elsősorban hadászati megközelítésen alapuló védelmi stratégia a különféle katonai és biztonsági kihívások kezelésére és a stratégai, taktikai válaszlépések jellegzetességeire fókuszál. Az Egyesült Államoknak választ kell találnia a többpólusúvá váló világunk feltörekvő nagyhatalmai jelentette kockázatokra elsősorban a gazdasági, technológiai és nem utolsósorban a katonai hadszíntéren, akárcsak a globális biztonsági kihívásokra.
A kulturális javak pusztítása Maliban és a nemzetközi válaszreakciók
Authors: Puskás Anna
Published: October 2024

Jelen tanulmány célja a Maliban zajló konfliktus, s még szűkebben a Timbuktuban, 2012 januárja és 2016 szeptembere között bekövetkezett események példáján igazolni, hogy napjaink fegyveres konfliktusai, illetve az egyre nagyobb biztonsági kihívást jelentő terrorizmus következtében kulturális örökségünk minden korábbinál nagyobb veszélyben van, amelynek megakadályozásához széleskörű nemzetközi együttműködés szükséges.
A katasztrófavédelem karbon lábnyoma
Authors: Lakatos Péter , Nyitrai Mihály
Published: October 2024

Fenntartható fejlődés napjaink tudományának komplex, multidiszciplináris kutatási területe. A Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetemen (NKE) komoly előzményei vannak a vízbiztonság, illetve a klímaváltozás kutatásának. Létrejött egy korábbi kutatóműhely bázisán a Közszolgálati lenyomat Ludovika kutatócsoport és ez által egy nemzetközi kutatási kapacitás, amely alapján az NKE a fenntartható fejlődés egyik elismert hazai felsőoktatási kutatóhelye lehet. A 2017. május 4-én tartott konferencia rámutatott a széndioxid kibocsátás karbon lábnyom-mérésének fontosságára a közszolgálati hivatásrendek, így a katasztrófavédelem terén is. Ez akár az NKE Jó állam indikátorainak egyike lehet a jövőben. A távlati tervek között szerepel egy kiválósági központ létrehozása és működtetése, amiben nemzetközi kutató hálózat működik majd közre.
A Zrínyi 2026 program : Korlátozott lehetőségek a magyar védelmi ipar fejlesztésére
Authors: Budavári Krisztina
Published: October 2024

A Zrínyi 2026 Honvédelmi és Haderő-fejlesztési Program az elmúlt harminc év legátfogóbb védelmi fejlesztési programja, aminek keretében a kormány a hazai védelmi ipar minél szélesebb körű fejlesztését is célul tűzte ki, kapcsolódóan a Magyar Honvédség átfogó fejlesztéséhez. A program 2017. évi elindulásával a honvédelmi költségvetés jelentős és folyamatos növekedése mellett, számos intézkedés és szervezeti átalakítás révén a kormány a védelmi ipar számára kedvező hazai környezet teremtett, valamint ezeken túl, a program tízéves távlatában további fejlesztéseket, programokat és együttműködéseket is kilátásba helyezett. A kormány kitűzött céljainak teljesülése és a magyar védelmi ipar fejleszthetősége szempontjából kulcskérdés az iparág képessége e lehetőségek kihasználására, valamint a Zrínyi 2026 program súlya, abban a komplex hazai és nemzetközi környezetben és tényezőrendszerben, amelyek az iparág fejlődési lehetőségeit meghatározzák. A tanulmány a Zrínyi 2026 program eddigi eredményei és a magyar védelmi iparfejlesztésére vonatkozó mérvadó szakértői javaslatok tükrében vizsgálja a kérdést.
Abraham Guillén és a városi gerilla-hadviselés
Authors: Forgács Balázs
Published: October 2024

„Napjainkban a forradalmi háború epicentrumainak a nagy városi zónáknak kell lenniük…” – írta az 1960-as évek közepén Abraham Guillén, a városi gerilla-hadviselés egyik első teoretikusa. A második világháború után Latin-Amerikában a nagyvárosi régiók váltak a gerilla-hadviselés színterévé, ezekben a politikai, gazdasági és katonai központokban összpontosult ugyanis a lakosság 70–80 százaléka. Az Emberi Erőforrások Minisztériuma ÚNKP-18-4-NKE-13 kódszámú Új Nemzeti Kiválóság Programjának támogatásával készült tanulmány Guillén a városi gerilla hadviselés stratégiájáról írt műveit mutatja be.