bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Mirror of Saudi Social Reform: An Analysis of Haifa al-Mansour's Film "Wadjda" Tzvetan Todorov's Narrative Theory
Authors: Fikriyah Nabilah Ulil , Muassomah Muassomah
Published: February 2025

The film Wadjda by Haifaa al-Mansour is a cinematic work that portrays the struggles of a young girl in Saudi Arabia as she navigates rigid social norms. In recent decades, Saudi Arabian society has undergone various social reforms aimed at redefining the role of women, including easing restrictions on education and social participation. This context is significant to analyze, as films often serve as a medium that reflects and critiques ongoing social dynamics. This study aims to explore how the film reflects the ongoing social reforms within Saudi society. Tzvetan Todorov's narrative theory outlines five stages: equilibrium, disruption, recognition, resolution, and new equilibrium. The method used is narrative analysis with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation of narrative elements in the film and analyzed based on Todorov's five stages. The analysis process includes identifying the initial equilibrium, the disruption faced by the main character, the recognition of the arising situation, efforts to remedy it, and the achievement of a new equilibrium. The results show that Wadjda begins with an equilibrium, where Wadjda lives a typical everyday life. Disruption occurs when Wadjda expresses a desire to buy a bicycle, which conflicts with gender norms in her society. Recognition of this challenge drives Wadjda to pursue her dream, ultimately leading to a positive shift in societal views on women. Through Todorov's narrative analysis, it becomes evident that the film effectively illustrates how small changes can spark discussions on women's rights and individual freedom within a conservative cultural context. This study contributes to the academic discourse on the intersection between narrative structures and social reform by providing a case study that applies Todorov's theory to Arabic cinema. It also highlights the significance of Wadjda as a cultural artifact that reflects evolving gender norms in Saudi Arabia, thereby enriching the understanding of how media serves as a lens for societal transformation. Despite its insights, this study is limited in scope as it focuses solely on Wadjda without comparative analysis with other films addressing similar themes. Additionally, the study does not consider audience reception, which could provide a deeper understanding of the film's societal impact. Future research could address these gaps by incorporating comparative studies or exploring the film's reception in both local and global contexts.
Tāhlīl āl-ʻAnāṣīr ād-Dākhiliyyāh fīī Qāṣīdāh “Rīṡā’ āl-Bāṣrāh” lī-Ibnī ār-Rūmīy: Dīrāsāh Bunyāwīyyāh
Authors: Munawar Misbahul , Zulhelmi  , Suraiya  , Ibrahim Malik , Asril Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Ibn al-Rumi is one of the prominent poets in the tradition of classical Arabic literature whose his works reflect the beauty of language as well as profound emotional expression. The qasidah Riṡā’ Al-Baṣrah is one of his significant works because it illustrates the social, political, and emotional conditions faced by the people of Basrah at that time. This study, titled "The Intrinsic Elements in the Qasidah Riṡā’ Al-Baṣrah by Ibn al-Rumi: A Structuralist Study," aims to identify the intrinsic elements contained within the qasidah. The analysis of the intrinsic elements in this qasidah not only provides insight into the aesthetic beauty of the literary work but also reveals a deeper understanding of the meanings embedded within it. The method used in this research is the descriptive analytical method, where the researcher describes and analyzes the intrinsic elements found in the qasidah through a structuralist approach. The findings of this study are as follows: 1) Theme: Collapse or downfall, 2) Emotions: The emotions expressed in the qasidah include sadness, pain, anger, confusion, fear, distress, regret, and anxiety, 3) Imagery: Depictions of the severity of trials and similar experiences,4) Literary devices used by the poet include tibaq (antithesis), muqabalah (contrast), iqtibas (allusion to other texts), and saja’ (rhymed prose). Thus, this research can serve as an important reference for the development of Arabic literary studies, particularly in linking between the intrinsic elements of a literary work. This study still has limitations, such as the lack of analysis of extrinsic elements, including the historical, social, and political contexts that influenced this work, as well as the insufficient discussion of its impact on the development of Arabic literature. For future research, it is recommended that studies not only focus on intrinsic elements but also examine extrinsic elements and their influence on the understanding of meaning in literary works, thereby providing a more comprehensive insight into the development and relevance of classical poetry in modern literary studies.
Hereditary spherocytosis with preserved eosin-5-maleimide binding
Authors: Bhargavi Sindhu , Jeniffer V. Nancy , Ramu Somashekar Ankanahalli
Published: February 2025

Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a common congenital hemolytic anemia caused by genetic mutations affecting red blood cell (RBC) membrane proteins and is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. The diagnosis of HS is based on clinical and laboratory features, but traditional diagnostic methods have limitations in sensitivity and specificity. This study presents the clinical course and diagnostic challenges of a 16-year-old girl with HS complicated by vitamin B12 deficiency. She presented with a one-month history of dyspnea, pallor, jaundice, and hepatosplenomegaly, with signs of cardiac failure. Initial investigations revealed severe anemia with a few spherocytes and macro-ovalocytes on a peripheral smear. Despite a negative eosin-5-maleimide (EMA) binding test, due to the presence of spherocytes, an elevated mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and a strong family history, raised the suspicion of HS. Genetic mutation analysis confirmed Ankyrin 1 (ANK-1) gene mutation, consistent with HS. The patient was concurrently diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency, which had exacerbated the anemia. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges in hereditary spherocytosis, particularly when associated with nutritional deficiencies. Early diagnosis and appropriate management, including genetic testing and nutritional supplementation, are critical for optimal patient outcomes.
Modern diagnosis and treatment of Leber congenital amaurosis with CEP290 gene
Authors:   V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Medical Care for Children, Moscow, Russian Federation, Ermolaeva E.V. , Sidorenko E.E. ,   V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Medical Care for Children, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Malinovskaya V.S. ,   Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ivanovo, Russian Federation, Rozmetova B.S. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Suvorova Y.A. ,   Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ivanovo, Russian Federation, Krapivkin A.I. ,   V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Medical Care for Children, Moscow, Russian Federation, Loskutova V.E. ,   V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Medical Care for Children, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Grigoriev G.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

Purpose. Demonstration of a clinical case of Leber congenital amaurosis.

Material and methods. This article presents a clinical case of diagnosing Leber congenital amaurosis in a 5-year-old patient. Results. The disease is caused by biallelic loss-offunction mutations in the CEP290 gene (Leber congenital amaurosis type 10), which leads to dysregulation of metabolism within photoreceptor ciliary transport. A heterozygous mutation in the 26th intron of the CEP290 gene (chr12: 88494960T>C, rs281865192) leads to the formation of an alternative splicing site (c.2991+1655A>G, NM_025114.3), which causes the disease in the child.

Conclusion. A defective mutation in the CEP290 gene (mutation p.Cys998X, also known as c.2991+1655A>G) has been reported in 57% of Caucasian patients. Clinical manifestations vary from object vision to complete blindness. The prognosis for the development of visual functions is unfavorable. Diagnosis and treatment pose certain difficulties given the decline in visual function with age. Thanks to modern technologies and the active development of clinical genetics, it becomes possible to successfully resolve this disease thanks to the drug sepofarsen (QR-110), which modulates RNA splicing, thereby blocking access to the active site of cryptic splicing and restoring preference for the CEP290 type splicing site, opening new horizons in the treatment of Leber’s amaurosis type 10.

Key words: Leber’s amaurosis type 10, sepofarsen, mutation in the CEP290 gene, p.Cys998X mutation, c.2991+1655A>G mutation For citation: Ermolaeva E.V., Sidorenko E.E., Malinovskaya V.S., Rozmetova B.Sh., Suvorova Yu.A., Krapivkin A.I., Loskutova V.E., Grigoriev G.V. Modern diagnosis and treatment of Leber congenital amaurosis with CEP290 gene. Rossiyskaya detskaya oftalmologiya. 2024;4(50): 27–37.
A clinical case of atypical course of dacryoadenitis with early recurrence
Authors:   Branch “Clinic Be Healthy” in Ufa, Ufa, Aboimova E.V. , Azamatova G.A. ,   Branch “Clinic Be Healthy” in Ufa, Ufa,   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the analysis of a clinical case of dacryoadenitis with early recurrence and atypical course. Idiopathic inflammation of the orbit and dacryoadenitis as its variant do not have specific symptoms, is an exclusion diagnosis and requires differential diagnosis with a wide range of diseases of the orbit — infectious inflammation, lymphoproliferative diseases, neoplasms, sarcoidosis, Sjogren's syndrome, granulomatosis with angiitis, etc.

In particular, in the clinical case described in the article, the patient was hospitalized and treated for upper eyelid phlegmon, then endocrine ophthalmopathy was suspected due to the recurrence of symptoms after discontinuation of treatment. And only a comprehensive examination made it possible to establish the correct diagnosis of dacryoadenitis. The article describes in detail the clinical picture of inflammation of the lacrimal gland, examines its differential diagnosis with endocrine ophthalmopathy based on symptoms, course features, test results and magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment options for the disease are being considered, depending on the severity of the symptoms and the patient's compliance.

Keywords: dacryoadenitis, inflammatory diseases of the orbit, endocrine ophthalmopathy, differential diagnosis
The role of markers of endothelial dysfunction in the early diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors:   TSDI — Tashkent State Dental Institute, Dusmukhamedova A.M. , Tuychibaeva D.M. ,   TSDI — Tashkent State Dental Institute
Published: February 2025

Relevance. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease characterized by accelerated optic neuropathy, which remains one of the main causes of visual impairment.

Objective. To study the main parameters of retinal microcirculation using OCT-A, Doppler ultrasound and biochemical disorders of the vascular endothelium in patients with POAG at various stages of its development and to determine the diagnostic significance in the early diagnosis of this pathology.

Material and methods. The study involved 94 POAG patients aged 65 to 80 years.

Results and conclusion. OCT-A data indicate early involvement of the lower part of the optic nerve head and peripapillary region of the retina in the pathological process at the initial stage of POAG. The data obtained show that a decrease in the density of blood flow and vessels in the optic nerve head and peripapillary region is determined earlier than functional and structural losses determined by OCT and CP methods. These data provide an opportunity to use OCT with angiography function in early diagnostics of POAG.

Endothelial dysfunction in POAG is caused by low levels of von Willebrand factor, VEGF and Endothelin-1, which are one of the reasons for the activation of vasoconstriction mechanisms and weakening of vasodilation of vascular tone.

Keywords: primary open-angle glaucoma, OCT-Angiography, hemodynamics, ultrasound Doppler imaging, von Willebrand factor, VEGF, endothelin-1
In vivo assessment of Antidiabetic Activity in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced Diabetes in Albino Rats for isolated compound (E, 7R, 11R) - 3,7,11,15- tetramethyl hexadec-2- en-1-ol isolated from Waltheria indica Linn
Authors: Velmani Krishnasamy , Sridevi Muruhan
Published: February 2025

The growing global incidence of diabetes mellitus is a major problem in both developed and developing countries and the limitations associated with currently available treatments have shifted researchers' focus to naturopathy. Herbal plants have been utilised for the treatment of diabetes since ancient times as they are less poisonous and have fewer adverse effects than synthetic ones. We isolated and purified two novel chemicals (Phytol and 2- Methyl hexadecan-1-ol) from Waltherica indica hydroalcoholic extract in prior investigations. The goal of this work was to assess the in vivo antidiabetic activity of W. indica hydroalcoholic extract in streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetes, as well as to determine their likely mechanism of action. For 45 days, STZ (55 mg/kg b.wt) induced diabetic rats were given the extract orally at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt. In diabetic rats, treatment with hydroalcoholic extract significantly (P < 0.05) reduced blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels while also restoring body weight, liver glycogen content and serum insulin levels in a dose-dependent manner. For the in vivo investigation, six animals were divided into five groups: control, diabetic control, standard control, low dosage and high dosage.

The body weight, body temperature and blood glucose levels of all the animals were measured. Following the treatment, biochemical parameters: triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), alkaline phosphatase level (ALP), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), total protein and alkaline phosphatase level (ALP), serum glut (ANOVA) were calculated. On the 45th day, all of the animals were slaughtered and the pancreas tissue was histopathologically examined. Group V administered with 80 mg/kg body weight had a substantial effect after comparing different biochemical parameters and histoarchitecture of the different test groups of animals.
Опыт сохранения редких видов флоры Жигулей в Главном ботаническом саду им. Н.В. Цицина РАН
Authors: МАМОНТОВ А.К.
Published: February 2025

Приведены результаты эксперимента по сохранению видов флоры Жигулей, проводимого в Главном ботаническом саду РАН с 2013 г. Описаны этапы и приемы создания искусственного местообитания для петрофитных растений, основные используемые для этого материалы. Изучены особенности акклиматизации ряда редких и характерных для Жигулей охраняемых видов. Дана оценка качества посевного материала, собранного в природных условиях Жигулевского заповедника, выявлены устойчивые в условиях Москвы таксоны. Опытным путем доказана возможность успешного культивирования редких стенотопных в природе растений в иной природноклиматеческой обстановке.

The results of an experiment on the conservation of species of the Zhiguli flora are shown in the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 2013 are presented. The stages and techniques of creating an artificial habitat for petrophyte species under rockaria conditions are shown, the main materials used for this are described. The peculiarities of acclimatization of a number of protected species that are rare and characteristic of Zhiguli are studied. An assessment of the quality of sowing material collected in the natural conditions of the Zhiguli Reserve was given, taxons resistant to Moscow conditions were identified. The possibility of successful cultivation of rare stenotopic plants in nature in a different climatic environment has been experimentally proved.
Влияние удобрений на содержание фотосинтезирующих пигментов в ассимилирующих органах голубики на рекультивируемом участке торфяного месторождения в Беларуси
Authors: ЯРОЩУК А.А.
Published: February 2025

Приведены результаты сравнительного исследования в опытной культуре на рекультивируемом участке выбывшего из промышленной эксплуатации торфяного месторождения верхового типа на севере Беларуси влияния полного минерального и отечественных микробных удобрений МаКлоР, АгроМик и Бактопин на состояние пигментного фонда хлоропластов ассимилирующих органов V. angustifolium и сортов V. corymbosum Northblue и Northcountry. Установлена его существенная трансформация, имевшая наиболее выраженный характер у сорта Northblue. При этом у V. angustifolium незначительное стимулирующее действие на накопление пигментов оказывало только внесение Бактопина, АгроМика и особенно 50ного МаКлоРа. Наиболее эффективным в плане активизации биосинтеза фотосинтезирующих пигментов для сорта Northcountry было внесение 10ного МаКлоРа и N16P16K16. Все остальные агроприемы, особенно применение 50ного МаКлоРа, способствовали обеднению пигментного фонда его ассимилирующих органов на 149270, по сравнению с контролем. Для сорта Northblue показано максимальное в эксперименте стимулирующее действие на биосинтез фотосинтезирующих пигментов всех без исключения испытываемых агроприемов, особенно внесения N16P16K16, при расхождении степени их максимального и минимального позитивного влияния в 6,7 раза. При этом в ряду микробных удобрений наиболее эффективным было использование препарата МаКлоР, тогда как наименее результативным внесение АгроМика и Бактопина.

The results of a comparative study in an experimental culture on a reclaimed site of a toptype peat deposit in north of Belarus, the influence of the complete mineral and domestic microbial fertilizers MaKloR, AgroMik and Bactopin on the state of the pigment fund of chloroplasts of assimilating organs V. angustifolium and varieties V. corymbosum Northblue . Its signifi cant transformation, which had the most pronounced character in the Northblue variety, was established. At the same time, in V. angustifolium, insignificant stimulating effect on the accumulation of pigments was exerted only by the introduction of Bactopin, AgroMik, and especially 50 MaKloR. The most eff ective in terms of enhancing the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments for the Northcountry variety was the introduction of 10 MaKloR and N16P16K16. All other agricultural methods, especially the use of 50 MaKloR, contributed to the depletion of the pigment fund of assimilating organs by 149270 , compared with the control. For the Northblue variety, the experimentally stimulating effect on the photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis of all agroreceptions tested without exception, especially the application of N16P16K16, was shown, with a difference of 6,7 times the degree of their maximum and minimum positive influence. At the same time, in the range of microbial fertilizers, the most effective was the use of the drug MaKlor, while the least effective was the use of AgroMik and Bactopin.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ ПРИРОДНО-ТЕХНОГЕННЫХ ОБСТАНОВОК В ГОРНОПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ РАЙОНАХ ЮГА ДАЛЬНЕВОСТОЧНОГО РЕГИОНА
Authors: УСИКОВ В.И. , БУБНОВА М.Б. , ЛИПИНА Л.Н.
Published: February 2025

Представлен анализ современного состояния горнопромышленных районов и проведена оценка процессов эволюции компонентов окружающей среды после прекращения техногенного воздействия методами дистанционного зондирования Земли (ДЗЗ). Выявлен характер миграции поллютантов в горнорудных районах и факторы, влияющие на их распространение, а также состояние растительности. Использование методов и технологий дистанционного зондирования дало возможность уточнить пути миграции и характер загрязняющих потоков от выведенных из эксплуатации хвостохранилищ. Проведена оценка процесса естественного восстановления растительности на техногенных отвалах действующих угольных разрезов Приморского края и Амурской области. Состояние растительности рассмотрено как индикатор уровня техногенной нагрузки на природную среду района исследования. Анализ процесса восстановления качества растительности по данным ДЗЗ позволил получить численные характеристики объема биомассы. Представлены результаты дистанционного зондирования природнотехногенных обстановок в горнопромышленных районах при решении экологических задач. Выбраны оптимальные сочетания спектральных полос снимков спутника Земли Landsat для синтеза цветных изображений.

The authors analyzed the current state of mining areas and evaluated the evolution of environmental components after the cessation of anthropogenic impact using remote sensing methods, revealed the nature of the spread of pollutants in mining areas and factors affecting this distribution, as well as the state of vegetation. The use of remote sensing methods and technologies of GIS sensing enabled the authors to clarify the migration routes and the nature of pollutants from decommissioning tailings. An assessment was made of the process of natural restoration of waste mining sites. The state of vegetation can be considered as an indicator of the level of technogenic load on the natural environment of the study area. Restoration of vegetation characteristics by means of remote sensing data allows one to obtain some numerical characteristics of the biomass volume, which can serve as an indicator of the restoration of disturbed lands. The article clearly shows the use of the results of remote sensing of natural and manmade situations in mining areas in solving environmental problems. The optimal combinations of Landsat satellite spectral bands for the synthesis of color images that solve various problems were selected. It has been determined that vegetation is sensitive to environmental disturbances and clearly reflects the change in the ecological situation as a result of anthropogenic impact.
О КАНАЛАХ ПЕРИФЕРИЧЕСКОГО РАЗРУШЕНИЯ ЧАСТИЦ ЯДЕРНОГО КАСКАДА С БАРИОННЫМ ЗАРЯДОМ > 1
Authors: МОСЯЖ  В.М. , ОСТРЕЦОВ  И.Н.
Published: February 2025

Представлены результаты изучения каналов периферического разрушения более 600 типов частиц с барионным зарядом >1 (d, t, …, 55K,…) ядерного каскада, порождаемого релятивистскими ионами. Предложено выражение для энергетически выгодных каналов полного расщепления таких частиц. Показано преимущественное образование фрагментов с электрическим зарядом <3, подтверждаемое экспериментальными данными. Отмечено, что подобная деградация спектра масс частиц способствует повышению эффективности ядерно-каскадного варианта электроядерного направления энергогенерации и утилизации промышленных отходов.

The results of studying the channels of peripheral destruction of more than 600 types of particles with a baryon charge >1 (d, t, ..., 55K,...) of the nuclear cascade generated by relativistic ions are presented. An expression for energy-efficient channels of complete splitting of such particles is proposed. The predominant formation of fragments with an electric charge <3, confirmed by experimental data, is shown. It is noted that such degradation of the mass spectrum of particles contributes to the efficiency of the nuclear cascade version of the electro-nuclear direction of energy generation and disposal of industrial waste.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ МИКРОКАНАЛЬНЫХ СТРУКТУР И ЗАГОТОВОК НА НАНОУРОВНЕ
Authors: САМКАНАШВИЛИ Д.Г.
Published: February 2025

В статье приводятся результаты исследования поверхности заготовок исходных оптических стекол, используемых в производстве микроканальных пластин (МКП), а также внутренней поверхности канала с помощью сканирующей зондовой микроскопии. Полученные результаты позволяют оценивать изменения топологии поверхности от факторов технологических операций. Результаты работы интересны тем, что оценка качества поверхности ранее в канале и на поверхности пластин не проводилась. Учет всех этих факторов позволяет наметить пути достижения атомно-гладкой поверхности каналов, что будет способствовать уменьшению уровня шумов и повышению усиления МКП, а, следовательно, увеличению дальности действия приборов ночного видения.

The article presents the results of the study of the surface of the original optical glass blanks used in the production of microchannel plates (MCP), as well as the inner surface of the channel using scanning probe microscopy. The results obtained allow us to estimate the changes in the surface topology from the factors of technological operations. The results of the work are interesting because the quality of the surface was not previously assessed in the channel and on the surface of the plates. Taking into account all these factors allows us to outline ways to achieve an atomic-smooth surface of the channels, which will help reduce the noise level and increase the gain of the MCP, and, consequently, increase the range of night vision devices.
МОЩНЫЕ АТМОСФЕРНЫЕ ВИХРИ В НИЗКИХ И ВЫСОКИХ ШИРОТАХ
Authors: ИЖОВКИНА Н И. , АРТЕХА С Н. , ЕРОХИН Н С. , МИХАЙЛОВСКАЯ Л А.
Published: February 2025

В низких широтах над океаном возбуждаются мощные атмосферные вихри – торнадо. В высокоширотной тропосфере в области геомагнитной полярной шапки в зимний период наблюдается возбуждение локальных циклонических структур с ледяными штормами, вторжениями в средние и даже субтропические широты. Время возбуждения таких циклонов составляет 15…25 ч, что сопоставимо с временем возбуждения торнадо. В работе показано, что природа вихрей магнитогидродинамическая. Накопление энергии циклонических структур связано с конденсацией влаги в ячеистых мозаичных распределениях аэрозольной примеси. При ионизации аэрозолей солнечными фотонами и космическими лучами в ячейках генерируются плазменные вихри в геомагнитном поле. При взаимодействии плазменных вихрей и вихрей Россби формируется и нарастает крупномасштабная вихревая структура. В генезисе вихрей важную роль играют апериодические электростатические возмущения неоднородной плазмы.

At low latitudes, powerful atmospheric whirlwinds, tornadoes, are excited over the ocean. In the high-latitude troposphere for the region of the geomagnetic polar cap, in winter period, the excitation of local cyclonic structures is observed which are accompanied with ice storms, with invasions into middle and even subtropical latitudes. The time of generation of such cyclones is 15…25 hours, which is comparable with the time of excitation of a tornado. The paper shows that the nature of the vortices is magnetohydrodynamic. Energy accumulation of cyclonic structures is associated with moisture condensation in cellular mosaic distributions of aerosol impurities. A large-scale vortex structure is formed and grows during the interaction of plasma vortices and Rossby vortices. In the genesis of vortices, aperiodic electrostatic disturbances of inhomogeneous plasma play an important role.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПРОФЕССОРА А.Е. МАЛЫХ ОБ УЧЕНЫХ-СООТЕЧЕСТВЕННИКАХ
Authors: ДАНИЛОВА В.И.
Published: February 2025

Представлены исследования Малых А.Е. о российских ученых-математиках, внесших ощутимый вклад в развитие отечественной науки: А.Н. Колмогорове, П.Я. Полубариновой-Кочиной, К.А. Рыбникове, Л.Ф. Магницком, Е.Г. Гонине.

Presented research Malyh A.E. About Russian mathematicians who have made a significant contribution to the development of Russian science: A.N. Kolmogorov, P.Ya. Polubarinova-Kochina, K.A. Rybnikov, L.F. Magnitsky, E.G. Gonin.
ОБЗОР ИСТОРИИ ЛИНЕЙКИ, ЦИРКУЛЯ И ТРАНСПОРТИРА
Authors: МАЛЫХ  А.Е. , БЕЗЕНКОВА  Е.В.
Published: February 2025

Рассмотрены классические средства, используемые для решения конструктивных задач (циркуль, линейка и транспортир). Они являются наиболее ранними. Выяснено их возникновение, усовершенствование в разных странах и континентах. Описаны функции инструментов: Начертание, измерение и перенос размеров, вычисление длин, площадей и объемов геометрических фигур. Отмечено применение инструментов в архитектуре, живописи, строительстве сооружений, медицине, ювелирном деле и т.д. Оценен вклад ученых и инженеров в изобретение различных видов рассматриваемых инструментов. Приведены исторические сведения.

Classical means for decision of constructive problems (ruler, compass and transporter) were examined. They were most early. Their rise, improvement in different countries and continents was elucidated. Functions of instrument: tracing, measuring and transfer of dimensions, calculation of lengths, areas and volumes of geometrical figures was described. Application of instruments in architecture, painting, construction of buildings, medicine, jewelry and ets was arranged. Contributions of scientists and engineers in inverter of different kinds of instruments was a valuated. Historical information was shown.
О КВАНТОВОМ ЗАКОНЕ ХАББЛА И ФИЗИКО-МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИХ ОСНОВАНИЯХ АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНОЙ КОСМОЛОГИИ
Authors: АНТИПЕНКО Л.Г.
Published: February 2025

В статье подвергается пересмотру устоявшаяся интерпретация закона красного смещения Хаббла, в которой этот закон считается главным аргументом в пользу современной ортодоксальной космологии (Большой взрыв, расширение, инфляция, ускорение расширения, тёмная энергия и пр.). Отмечается, что когда в рассмотрение вводят отношение скорость расстояние, то неправомерно подстраивают эффект красного смещения электромагнитного излучения под эффект Доплера. Это порождает ряд ошибочных выводов, содержащихся в космологической модели Вселенной ЭйнштейнаФридмана. Основная ошибка состоит в petitio principii и конкретно выражается в том, что пространственное расширение Вселенной соотносят с ходом времени, а ход времени с расширением пространства. Предлагаемая здесь квантовая трактовка хаббловского закона позволяет избавиться от petitio principii. В её основе лежит представление времени в форме спинорного, а не тензорного, исчисления. Она открывает перспективу формирования альтернативной космологии.

The article revises the accepted interpretation of Hubble redshift law, in which this law is considered the main argument in favor of modern orthodox cosmology (Big Bang, expansion, inflation, expansion acceleration, dark energy, etc.). It is noted that when velocity distance relation is introduced into concideration, the effect of the redshift of electromagnetic radiation is improperly adjusted to the Dopler effect. This gives rise to a number of false conclusions regarding the cosmological model of the Einstein Friedman Universe. The main mistake is petitio principii when the spatial expansion of the Universe correlated with the passage of time, and the passage of time with the expansion of space. The quantum interpretation of the Hubble redshift law proposed here makes it possible to get rid of petitio principii. It is based on the representation of time in form of spinor, not tensor calculus. It opens up the prospect of forming an alternative cosmology.
Viral Infection in Glioblastoma
Authors: Koruga Nenad , Pekmezović Tatjana , Tomaš Ilijan , Rajc Jasmina , Rončević Alen , Soldo Koruga Anamarija
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive glial tumor of the brain with a dismal prognosis. Studies conducted during the last two decades highlighted neurotropic viruses as a risk factors involved in development of glioblastoma. Authors present an immunohistological study conducted in a single center on sixty-three archive paraffin-embedded samples of GB. Patients and methods: The tissues were tested using immunohistochemistry in a homogenous group of sixty-three glioblastoma paraffin-embedded tissues for the presence of Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1).Results: Three species of herpes viruses were tested: HSV-1, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Cytomegalovirus using the standard automatized immunohistochemistry. According to the IRS score, there were six samples of HSV-1 regarded as IRS 2 and five IRS 1 samples of the same virus. EBV and CMV were negative.Conclusion: The result of our study identified HSV-1 as the most prominent neurotropic virus among population surgically treated of GB. Further studies are necessary to confirm its possible oncomodulatory role.
Učinak kontinuiranoga pozitivnog tlaka na tlak u srednjem uhu
Authors: Grebenar Čerkez Mirjana , Zubčić Željko , Jurić Stjepan , Šarić Jurić Jelena , Kovačević Jelena , Dukić Darko , Birtić Darija
Published: February 2025

Aim of the study: The study investigated the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on middle ear pressure.Methods: Forty-two patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) were assigned to the study group. The patients underwent standard tympanometry before starting CPAP therapy and six months after regular CPAP therapy.Results: The average pressure range of the CPAP device (cm H2O) was 4,80 – 13,50. Middle ear pressure (MEP) was between -146,00 and 64,00 daPa before therapy and between -103,00 and 40,00 daPa after treatment. The results showed that the subjects experienced an increase in middle ear pressure after the CPAP therapy.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the appropriate use of CPAP therapy leads to a statistically significant increase in pressure in the middle ear.
Exploring BERT for Reaction Yield Prediction: Evaluating the Impact of Tokenization, Molecular Representation, and Pre-training Data Augmentation
Authors: Krzyzanowski Adrian , Pickett Stephen , Pogány Peter
Published: February 2025

Predicting reaction yields in synthetic chemistry remains a significant challenge. This study systematically evaluates the impact of tokenization, molecular representation, pre-training data, and adversarial training on a BERT-based model for yield prediction of Buchwald-Hartwig and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions using publicly available HTE datasets. We demonstrate that molecular representation choice (SMILES, DeepSMILES, SELFIES, Morgan fingerprint-based notation, IUPAC names) has minimal impact on model performance, while typically BPE and SentencePiece tokenization outperform other methods. WordPiece is strongly discouraged for SELFIES and fingerprint-based notation. Furthermore, pre-training with relatively small data sets (<100K reactions) achieves comparable performance to larger data sets containing millions of examples. A use of artificially generated domain-specific pre-training data is proposed. The artificially generated sets prove to be a good surrogate to the reaction schemes extracted from reaction data sets such as Pistachio or Reaxys. The best performance was observed for hybrid pre-training sets combining the real and the domain-specific, artificial data. Finally, we show that a novel adversarial training approach, perturbing input embeddings dynamically, improves model robustness and generalisability for yield and reaction success prediction. These findings provide valuable insights for developing robust and practical machine learning models for yield prediction in synthetic chemistry. GSK’s BERT training code base is made available to the community with this work.
La gestión pública en dos universidades nacionales de Arequipa y Cajamarca (2002-2022)
Authors: Saravia Salazar Javier Iván , Quevedo Gallardo Carlos Yampier
Published: February 2025

Sobre la base del análisis y sistematización de 85 tesis de pregrado y posgrado de la Universidad Nacional San Agustín de Arequipa (UNSA, con 53) y la Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca (UNC, con 32), se propone dar cuenta de lo avanzado en gestión pública en la educación superior pública a nivel de gestión de gobierno subnacional, en específico aquellos relacionados con el estudio del funcionamiento de las municipalidades de Arequipa y Cajamarca. Para ello, se realiza el preámbulo de la evolución de la gestión pública como carrera profesional y en el ámbito académico en el periodo 2001-2022. Luego se describen, analizan y discuten los principales temas y líneas de investigación que se desprenden de estas tesis, en el contexto de la “tercera ola de reformas estructurales”, que enfocan su atención en la reforma del servicio civil en la región a nivel subnacional y la mejora de los servicios que las municipalidades brindan a sus ciudadanos como elementos vitales para el desarrollo nacional. Hemos seleccionado estas dos universidades por ser las universidades públicas más antiguas y representativas de cada una de estas regiones.
Experience with the use of undenatured type II collagen in patients with stage III knee osteoarthritis: a multicenter, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial
Authors: Alekseeva Liudmila I. , Kashevarova Natalia G. , Taskina Elena A. , Strebkova Ekaterina A. , Korotkova Tatiana A. , Sharapova Evgenia P. , Savushkina Natalya M. , Lila Aleksander M. , Shostak Nadezhda A. , Nesterovich Irina I. , Dedkova Viktoriia A. , Vasilyuk Vasiliy B. , Egorova Natalia V. , Leontyeva Marina A. , Yakupova Svetlana P. , Vinogradova Irina B. , Sorotskaya Valentina N. , Shirokova Larisa I. , Rudakova Alla V.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Current strategies for treating osteoarthritis (OA) are based on a multimodal approach that includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. Undenatured chicken collagen type II (NK2) is considered safe and effective for maintaining joint health and can be used alone and combined with drugs for OA treatment.
Aim. To further evaluate the efficacy of the combination of Artneo containing NK2 in patients with stage III knee OA compared with placebo in a multicenter, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial.
Materials and methods. The study included 212 patients from 12 centers in the Russian Federation, of whom 50 had radiological stage III knee OA: 41 (82.0%) females and 9 (18.0%) males aged 44 to 75. Using the interactive web response system (IWRS), the study population was randomized into two groups: Group 1 (Artneo group) included 28 patients receiving the drug 1 capsule once a day for 180 days, Group 2 (placebo group) included 22 patients receiving placebo with drug-matched presentation and the same regimen as in Group 1. The effectiveness of therapy was assessed by the change of pain using the Visual Analog Scale, the WOMAC index, KOOS, the EQ-5D quality of life questionnaire, and the need for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. All patients had a complete blood count, urinalysis, blood chemistry, and ultrasonic examination of the target knee joint.
Results. A prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial demonstrated that Artneo containing NK2 was significantly superior to placebo in all studied parameters, improved all clinical manifestations of OA: reduced pain and stiffness, improved joint function and quality of life, and had a good safety profile.
Conclusion. Artneo showed high efficacy and safety in the general population of patients, including those with stage III knee OA.
Radio Plays for Babies: Inspiration for Music Didactic Units in the Early Period
Authors: Zadnik Katarina , Brdnik Juhart Petra , Kompan Erzar Lia Katarina
Published: February 2025

The present study was carried out as part of the project Radio Plays for Babies: The Role of Aesthetic Experience in the Formation of Healthy Social Relationships, in collaboration with four members of the University of Ljubljana (the Academy of Theatre, Radio, Film and Television, the Academy of Music, the Faculty of Education, and the Faculty of Theology) and collaborating partners (the Amarilis Music School, the public institution RTV Slovenia – Radio Slovenia, and the Family Study and Research Centre). The study examines the possibility of using the text from the created Radio Plays for Babies for planning musical activities and combining them into a musical-aesthetic experience for kindergarten children, and assesses how these activities influence the experience and emotional and movement response of the children. The sample consists of two age-determined groups, the first comprising one- and two-year-olds, and the second made up of two- and three-year-olds. Triangulation of data sources was provided through video analysis and anecdotal records with and without participation. The results show the significant importance of an adult who creates a safe environment for a child’s experience and entry into musical activities. Key factors for the child’s experience and attention were the musical activity based on the Radio Plays for Babies text, along with the included instruments (props) and the adult’s performance. The children in the first age group observed the adults’ musical performance and needed more time to understand the activities, whereas the children in the second age group imitated the activities of important adults and reacted more emotionally and physically to the planned activities.
Segmented algorithm for three-dimensional reconstruction in linear scan geometry
Authors: Vikhtinskaya T. G. , Lapitan K. E. , Nemchenko K. E.
Published: February 2025

Background: Computer tomography is recognized as one of the most powerful methods for diagnosis, and monitoring of a wide range of diseases. It provides the ability to obtain detailed information about the internal structure of organs and bones. Despite the success of computed tomography in areas such as three-dimensional mammography or lung radiography, it has not achieved the same level of widespread as, for example, magnetic resonance imaging, even if CT offers greater accuracy. This is primarily due to safety limitations on the permissible number of examinations due to the harmfulness of X-ray radiation to the patient. One of the main challenges facing researchers is the need to reduce the time of the entire examination and decrease the radiation exposure to the patient. Overcoming these challenges is crucial for improving the overall efficiency of medical services, optimizing treatment plans, and ultimately enhancing patient outcomes. Thus, addressing these issues through innovative algorithms and methods in computed tomography holds significant potential for revolutionizing medical diagnostics and ensuring continuous progress in modern healthcare.

Objectives: The aim of this work was to develop an algorithm for three-dimensional reconstruction that is independent of the conicity of the radiation beam. Therefore, it allows for accurate reconstruction of the entire object with a single rotation of the radiation source around the investigated object.

Materials and Methods: The work utilizes methods of integral transforms and computer modeling to solve inverse problems arising in computer tomography.

Results: An analytical inversion formula was obtained for three-dimensional computer tomography with linear scan geometry and segmentation. The feasibility of the developed algorithm was verified, and a methodology for research with linear motion of the conical emitter and detectors was developed.

Conclusions: The developed algorithm improves the reconstruction of object layers significantly distant from the plane in which the emitter and detector move, compared to existing algorithms.
Eigenvalue Analysis of IBR Instabilities in Power System
Authors:   , Philip Amalu
Published: February 2025

The global transition towards renewable energy has led to a significant increase in the integration of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs), such as solar, wind, and battery storage systems, into power grids. While this shift is crucial for reducing carbon emissions and fostering sustainability, it also introduces challenges to grid stability due to the replacement of conventional synchronous generators with IBRs. Unlike traditional generators, IBRs lack inherent mechanical inertia, relying instead on advanced control systems to interface with the grid. This fundamental difference raises concerns about small-signal stability, particularly in low-inertia grids with high renewable penetration.

This thesis explores the small-signal stability impacts of IBRs in modern power systems, focusing on grid-following (GFL) and grid-forming (GFM) inverters. The study is conducted on two systems: the IEEE 9-bus test network and the South Island Power System (SIPS) of New Zealand, a large-scale renewable-rich grid. Eigenvalue analysis and participation factor evaluation are employed to assess oscillatory modes, damping characteristics, and the dynamic behavior of power systems under varying IBR penetration levels.

Key findings reveal that GFM inverters significantly enhance stability by emulating the behavior of synchronous generators, particularly under high renewable penetration, whereas GFL inverters struggle in weak grids due to phase-locked loop (PLL) synchronization limitations. Hybrid configurations of GFL and GFM inverters demonstrate complex interactions, highlighting the need for coordinated control strategies. The analysis of SIPS further validates the benefits of GFM inverters in improving damping, thereby supporting their suitability for high-renewable systems. This research emphasizes the critical role of advanced inverter control strategies and configurations in addressing stability challenges in low-inertia grids. While the scope is primarily limited to first assessment of small-signal stability, the study recommends pathways for further exploration, including the use of dynamic simulations, impedance-based methods, and the impact of network topology on stability. The findings contribute valuable insights for designing robust, renewable-integrated power systems capable of meeting the demands of a sustainable energy future.
Fatores de risco associados à violência contra a pessoa idosa institucionalizada: Revisão integrativa
Authors: BRITO NETO DAVID CLARINDO DE , SILVA FERNANDA LORRANY , OLIVEIRA MAILSON SILVA DE , SANTOS ANA MARIA RIBEIRO DOS
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura os fatores associados à violência contra pessoas idosas residentes em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPIs). Métodos: Revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System online, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Índice Bibliográfico de Ciências da Saúde, Banco de Dados de Enfermagem e Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, entre outubro e novembro de 2023, sistematizada a partir do fluxograma PRISMA, com auxílio do software Rayyan, incluindo estudos primários sem restrição temporal ou de idioma, analisados e sintetizados pelo método descritivo. Resultados: A amostra final incluiu 20 estudos, em sua maioria publicados em inglês, desenvolvidos em países como Estados Unidos da América. Noruega e China e publicados entre os anos de 2004 e 2021, com predominância dos estudos exploratórios transversais. Foram identificados fatores de risco relacionados às características individuais das pessoas idosas residentes, da equipe que presta cuidados nesse cenário e da organização dos serviços e estrutura física das ILPIs. Conclusão: Por meio da revisão foi possível corroborar a multifatorialidade da violência contra a pessoa idosa residente em ILPIs, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de ferramentas de prevenção de violência nesse contexto.