bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vladino upravljanje kriznom komunikacijom na internetu u suočavanju s pandemijom COVID-19
Authors: Kanajet Karlo , Jakopović Hrvoje , Labaš Danijel
Published: December 2023

Rad tematizira kriznu komunikaciju na primjeru prvog vala pandemije COVID-19 s kojim se Vlada RH suočila u 2020. godini. Svrha istraživanja bila je utvrditi obilježja internetske komunikacije Vlade. Analizirali smo uokvirivanja teme i reaktivne strategije komuniciranja, utjecaj intenziteta ugroze na intenzitet komunikacije Vlade te vidljivost premijera. U radu je korištena metoda analize sadržaja. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na umjereno pozitivnu korelaciju intenziteta ugroze i intenziteta komunikacije Vlade. Nalazi također pokazuju da se Vladina komunikacija pretežno nije manifestirala kroz vidljivost premijera. U najvećem broju objava Vlade dominira medijski okvir odgovornosti, a analiza reaktivnih strategija komuniciranja je pokazala kako je u najvećem broju slučajeva dominantna strategija korektivnog ponašanja.
Influence of the Arrangement of the Cells/Modules of a Traction Battery on the Spread of Fire in Case of Thermal Runaway
Authors: Olona Ana , Castejón Luis
Published: December 2023

When designing the battery of an electric vehicle, different parameters must be considered to obtain the safest arrangement of the battery/modules/cells from the mechanical and thermal point of view. In this study, the thermal runaway propagation mechanism of lithium-ion cells is analyzed as a function of their arrangement within a battery pack in case of a fire propagation of a battery pack in which a thermal runaway has occurred. The objective is to identify which cell/module arrangement is most critical within the battery pack by microscopic analysis of the structure and chemical composition of the most damaged cells, both horizontally and vertically, of a battery belonging to a burnt vehicle. And their final condition has been compared with the condition of new cells of the same type. In this way the structure and chemical composition of the anode, cathode and separator after Thermal Runaway has been compared. This research has been carried out to obtain information to understand the mechanical properties of lithium-ion cells and their behavior after thermal runaway heating leading to the propagation of a fire. Through the analysis carried out, it is concluded that cells placed in a vertical arrangement have worse behavior than cells in a horizontal arrangement. Regarding the safety of the battery, the results of this study will allow to determine which arrangement and structure of the cells within the battery pack is safer against thermal runaway due to thermal failure.
Vehicle PEPS System with Intelligent Internet of Things
Authors: Chang Ray-I , Lin Tzu-Chieh , Lin Jeng-Wei
Published: December 2023

With the development of sensor and communication technologies, Internet of Things (IoT) subsystem is gradually becoming a crucial part in vehicles. It can effectively enhance functionalities of vehicles. However, new attack types are also emerged. For example, a driver with the smart key in the pocket can push the start button to start a car when. At the same time, security issues in the push-to-start scenario are alerted, such as smart key forgery. In this paper, we propose a vehicle Passive Entry Passive Start (PEPS) system that uses deep learning algorithms to recognize the driver by the Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals measured by his or her smart watch. ECG signals are used for verification. Smart watches, as a new smart key of PEPS system, can replace traditional smart keys to improve security. Experiment results show that Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models have achieved the best accuracy score for identity recognition (91%) when single ECG cycle is used. However, it takes at least 30 minutes for training. The training time of Auto Encoder successfully reduces to 5 minutes. When 15 continuous ECG cycles are used, it can achieve 100% identity accuracy.
Organic Growth Theory for Global Sustainable Competitiveness and COVID-19 Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Karnama Ahmad
Published: December 2023

This paper evaluates the global sustainable competitiveness of three blocks of power (US, China and EU) based on OGT (Organic Growth Theory) structure. In addition, a sensitivity analysis of COVID-19 on three measures of global sustainable competitiveness, economy, environment and social is also presented.

OGT is a well-thought-through and standard framework for evaluation of any type of organiza-tion in their pathway to experience truly sustainable growth. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is used as an economic measure; total carbon emissions equivalent is used as an environmental measure and HMI (Human Development Index) as a social measure.

It is concluded that the pandemic has paused the evolution of countries to be truly world centric countries. However, the recovery plans seem to be highly aligned with the OGT scores and it is expected that the scores to improve dramatically.
Atomistic Modelling of Spinel Oxide Particle Shapes and Reshaping under OER Reaction Conditions
Authors: Sementa Luca , Fortunelli Alessandro , Avcı Öyküm Naz
Published: December 2023

The surface configurations of the low-index facets of a set of spinel oxides are investigated using DFT+U calculations to derive surface energies and predict equilibrium nanoparticle shapes via the Wulff construction. Two very different conditions are investigated, corresponding to appli-cation either in heterogeneous catalysis or in electrocatalysis. First, the bare stoichiometric sur-faces of NiFe2O4, CoFe2O4, NiCo2O4, ZnCo2O4 spinels are studied to model their use as high-temperature oxidation catalysts. Second, focusing attention on the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and on the CoFe2O4 inverse spinel as the most promising OER catalyst, we generate systematically surface configurations by adsorbing OER intermediates, and recal-culate surface energies taking into account adsorption and environmental conditions, i.e., ap-plied electrode potential and O2 pressure. We predict that, under OER operating conditions, (111) facets are dominant in CoFe2O4 nanoparticle shapes, in fair agreement with microscopy meas-urements. Importantly, in the OER case we predict a strong dependence of nanoparticle shape upon O2 pressure. Increasing O2 pressure increases the size of the higher-index (111) and (110) facets at the expense of the (001) catalytically active facet, whereas the opposite occurs at low O2 pressure. These predictions should be experimentally verifiable and help define the optimal OER operative conditions.
A Twin Frequency Control DC-DC Buck Converter Using Accurate Load Current Sensing Technique
Authors: Kok Chiang Liang , Siek Liter
Published: December 2023

In this paper, a buck DC-DC converter with the proposed twin frequency control scheme (TFCS) and accurate load current sensing (ALCS) have been designed and implemented with 0.18µm CMOS technology for a supply voltage ranging from 2.0-3.0V which is compatible with state-of-the-art batteries (NiCd/NiMH: 1.1-2V, Li-Ion: 2.5-4.2V). The proposed converter yields a peak efficiency of about 92.7% with a load current of 30mA. Furthermore, it only occupies a silicon area of 1.3mm2. The proposed buck converter is dedicated for smartphone applications whereby it spends most of its time in idle, low load conditions.
Professional Quality of Life, Job Satisfaction, and Intention to Leave Among Psychiatric Nurses
Authors: Hamaideh Shaher , Abu Khait Abdallah , Al-Modallal Hanan , Masa'deh Rami , Hamdan-Mansour Ayman , AlBashtawy Mohammed
Published: December 2023

Psychiatric nurses were challenged with high levels of stress, which in turn lower their professional quality of life (ProQoL) and job satisfaction and increase their intention to leave job at psychiatric settings. Adequate level of ProQoL improve patient care provision. The purpose is to assess the levels, relationships, and predictors of professional quality of life of Jordanian psychiatric nurses and their job satisfaction and intention to leave job. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to collect data using the Professional Quality of Life Scale-5 from a convenience sample of 144 psychiatric nurses. Results showed that the mean score of compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout (BO), and secondary traumatic stress (STS) were 35.21, 27.0, and 26.36, respectively. The mean scores of intention to leave and job satisfaction were 2.33, and 3.7, respectively. Income level, educational level, intention to leave, and job satisfaction were significantly differing in CS dimension. Nurses’ age, intention to leave, and job satisfaction were significantly differing in BO. Nurses’ age, years of experience, frequent C-shift worked, and work affiliation were different in STS. Burnout, STS, and educational level predicted CS. CS, STS, job satisfaction, and level of education predicted BO. BO, CS, and frequent working night C-shift predicted STS. More studies are needed to assess the factors that affect ProQoL among psychiatric nurses, and to evaluate interventional programs that improve quality of life of psychiatric nurses. This is important in retaining nurses and increasing their job satisfaction. Jordanian psychiatric nurses reported moderate level of (ProQoL), high level of job satisfaction, and low intention to leave job. There is a need to enhance (ProQoL).
Geochemical and Mineralogical Features of Triassic Dolomites From the Area of Upper Silesia in Poland
Authors: Stanienda-Pilecki Katarzyna J. Jadwiga , Jendruś Rafał
Published: December 2023

Detailed description of carbonate minerals different in magnesium content of Triassic dolomites were presented in this article. The tests were carried out to determine geochemical and miner-alogical features in the terms of their geoengineering properties. The following carbonate phas-es were identified: a low-Mg calcite, a high-Mg calcite, a proto-dolomite, an ordered dolomite and a huntite. The following research methods were used: microscopic analysis, X-Ray Diffrac-tion, X-Ray Fluorescence and Electron probe microanalysis. The samples were collected from the Tarnowice formation which is the lower part the profile of the Upper Muschelkalk. On the basis of the results the chemical formulas of carbonate phases were calculated. The ranges of Mg and Ca content were presented in formulas. The results indicate of Mg in low-Mg calcite ranges from 0.6 to 1.2%, in high-Mg calcite from 7.47 to 10.41%. In proto-dolomite it ranges from 10.96 to 11.78%. In ordered dolomite Mg content is stoichiometric value for dolomite – 13.18%. Due to the reduced Mg content in identified huntite (the value ranges from 13.62% to 17.76), this carbonate phase was named as de-huntite.
Cu(Ⅱ) Coordination Polymers Containing Mixed Ligands with Different Flexibility: Structural Diversity and Iodine Adsorption
Authors: Lin Shu-Yu , Shen Yi-Lin , Chen Wei-Hao , Govindaraj Manivannan , Chen Jhy-Der
Published: December 2023

Reactions of N‚N'-bis(3-methylpyridyl)oxalamide (L1), N,N’-bis(3-methylpyridyl)adipoamide (L2) and N,N’-bis(3-methylpyridyl)sebacoamide (L3) with tricarboxylic acids and Cu(II) salts afforded {[Cu(L1)(1,3,5-HBTC)]·H2O}n (1,3,5-H3BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid), 1, {[Cu1.5(L2)1.5(1,3,5-BTC)(H2O)2]·6.5H2O}n, 2, [Cu(L2)0.5(1,3,5-HBTB)]n (1,3,5-H3BTB = 1,3,5-tri(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene), 3, [Cu4(L3)(OH)2(1,3,5-BTC)2]n, 4, {[Cu3(L3)2(1,3,5-BTB)2]·2.5MeOH·2H2O}n, 5, and {[Cu3(L3)2(1,3,5-BTB)2 ]·DMF·2H2O}n, 6, which have been structurally characterized by using single crystal X-ray crystallography. Complexes 1 – 4 form a 2D layer with the {44.62}-sql topology, a 2D layer with the (4.62)2(42.62.82)-bex topology, a 3-fold interpenetrated 3D net with the (412.63)-pcu topology and a 3D framework with the (410.632.83)(42.6)2(43.63) topology, respectively, whereas 5 and 6 are 3D frameworks with the (63)2(64.82)(68.85.102) topology. Complex 5 shows a better iodine-adsorption factor of 290.0 mg g-1 at 60 oC for 360 minutes than the other ones, revealing that the flexibility of the spacer ligand governs the structural diversity and the adsorption capacity.
Factors Affecting the Volatility of Bitcoin Prices
Authors: Wu Renhong , Hossain Md. Alamgir
Published: December 2023

This study employs traditional OLS (ordinary least squares) regression analysis to investigate the influence of various external factors on Bitcoin price fluctuations from January 2014 to March 2023 using a multidimensional approach. We use factors from the traditional financial market, such as economic policy uncertainty (EPU), oil prices, the NASDAQ index, and gold prices, to identify factors contributing to Bitcoin volatility. Considering the unique situation in the Bitcoin market, that is, 24-hour trading and the short duration of its existence, we incorporate the broadest possible data range to achieve alignment between Bitcoin data and other datasets. The findings of the statistical analysis indicate that EPU and the NASDAQ index promote positive fluctuations in Bitcoin volatility, whereas gold prices act as a dampener. However, we find no empirical support for the influence of energy prices on Bitcoin volatility. These results suggest that Bitcoin should not be underestimated; all stakeholders should treat the issue of Bitcoin volatility seriously, including governments, who should actively regulate the Bitcoin market, and investors, who should recognize the dangers of this volatility, making rational decisions based on individual circumstances and employing flexible trading strategies.
Why is Abiogenesis Such a Tough Nut to Crack?
Authors: Abel David Lynn
Published: December 2023

The latest life-origin literature is reviewed, along with grouping and classification of the most enduring models of abiogenesis. New trends are identified in origin-of-life thought. Astrobiology continues to deal mostly with inorganic and very elementary organic reactions in extreme environments. Nonequilibrium thermodynamics has received a great deal of attention. Attempts have been made to relate Bejan’s Constructal Law to life and abiogenesis. RNA World preclusions only seem to have grown, while ribozyme/peptide models have expanded. The biosemiotic movement and code biology is gaining influence in refining a more complete description of life. Prof James Tour at Rice University in a fourteen-lecture series lists a number of synthetic biochemical hurtles remaining that still need to be overcome. But the need for some sort of informational recipe, instruction, steering and control now seems to be the most prominent area of focus and concern. Even a protometabolism needed active selection and controls rather than mere constraints or law. The latest literature still does not elucidate how protometabolism was orchestrated in an inanimate, pre-evolutionary environment.
Active and Intelligent Biodegradable Packaging Based on Anthocyanins for Preservation and Monitoring Rich Protein Foods
Authors: Zhu Bifen , Zhong Yu , Wang Danfeng , Deng Yun
Published: December 2023

Currently, active and intelligent packaging have been developed to solve the spoilage problem for rich protein foods during storage, especially by adding anthocyanin extracts. In such film system, the antioxidant and antibacterial properties were dramatically increased by adding anthocyanins. The physicochemical properties were enhanced through interactions between active groups in anthocyanins and reactive groups in polymer chains. Additionally, active and intelligent film could monitor the spoilage of rich protein foods in response to pH change. Therefore, this film could monitor the sensory acceptance, and extending the shelf life of rich protein foods simultaneously. In this paper, the structure and functional properties of anthocyanins, the composite actions of anthocyanin extracts and biomass materials, and their reinforced properties of active and intelligent film were discussed. Also, the applications of this film in quality maintenance, shelf-life extension and quality monitoring for fresh meat, aquatic product and milk were summarized. The film that achieves high stability and continuous release of anthocyanins on demand will become an underlying trend in packaging applications for rich protein foods.
An Overview on the Structure-Activity Relationship in Novel Antimicrobial Thiazoles Clubbed with Various Heterocycles (2017-2022)
Authors: Ungureanu Daniel , Tiperciuc Brîndușa , Nastasă Cristina , Ionuț Ioana , Marc Gabriel , Oniga Ilioara , Oniga Ovidiu
Published: December 2023

Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing problem for the global public health. One of the strategies to combat this issue is the synthesis of novel antimicrobials through rational drug design based on extensive structure-activity relationship studies. The thiazole nucleus is a prominent feature in the structure of many authorized antimicrobials, being clubbed with different heterocycles. The purpose of this review is to study the structure-activity relationship in antimicrobial thiazoles clubbed with various heterocycles reported in the literature between 2017 and 2022, in order to offer an overview of the last years in terms of antimicrobial research and provide a helpful instrument for future research in the field.
Lengua extranjera inglés. Desarrollo de las habilidades comunicativas en una escuela secundaria fronteriza
Authors: REZA GASPAR RAMÓN
Published: December 2023

La lengua inglesa es el idioma universal de la tecnología y la ciencia. En la Secundaria Pública Federal No.7 Presidente Adolfo Ruiz Cortines ubicada en la ciudad fronteriza de Ojinaga Chihuahua que colinda con el condado de Presidio Texas, los docentes enfrentan el reto de enseñar el idioma inglés. La problemática, es la falta de dominio de la legua inglesa en los alumnos de primer grado, Se realizó una intervención con el propósito de mejorar las habilidades lingüísticas. Se identifica el paradigma sociocrítico, mediante el enfoque cualitativo con el método de investigación acción, ya que pretende mejorar las prácticas de enseñanza con estrategias innovadoras, se aplica el modelo de Kemmis, con las fases, planificación, acción, observación y reflexión. Con la observación y la rúbrica cualitativa analítica, se examinó los niveles de desempeño de las habilidades comunicativas según el MCER, permitiendo formular reflexiones de aptitud. Al inicio, el 84% de los estudiantes presentan un nivel de insuficiente. Posteriormente, con las estrategias, habla con ganas, estar en la mira, escucha e imagina y escribe y aprende, se favoreció el puntaje, pasando de 2% a 6%, en el nivel de bueno. Se concluye que existe una brecha sustantiva, sin embargo, se afirma que los alumnos, mejoraron y obtuvieron una creciente en las cuatro habilidades lingüísticas, hablar, escuchar, leer y escribir, puesto que, con base a los efectos finales, se constata que la intervención, benefició a un 40% de los alumnos en las destrezas comunicativas y, sobre todo, se promovió la participación.
Calculation of the results of basic arithmetic operations with quaternions defined in the interval form
Authors: Gadetska Svitlana , Dubnitskiy Valeriy , Kushneruk Yuri , Khodyrev Alexander
Published: December 2023

The goal of the work. Creation of an EXCEL-oriented calculator for determining the results of basic arithmetic operations with quaternions, which are given by hyperbolic interval numbers. The subject of research is the set of quaternions and arithmetic operations defined on this set. Research method: Algorithmic and numerical analysis of procedures for performing basic arithmetic operations with quaternions given by hyperbolic interval numbers. The obtained results. The definition of a quaternion, the coefficients of which are interval numbers, is given. It was obtained the ratios for determining in the interval form the following characteristics: quaternion norm, quaternion modulus, quaternion vector part modulus, quaternion argument, quaternion sign was obtained. It was obtained the ratios for determining in the interval form the following basic arithmetic operations: sum of quaternions, difference of quaternions, multiplication of a constant value by a quaternion, scalar product of quaternions, product of vector parts of quaternions, product of quaternions, vector product of quaternions, left and right division of quaternions. The ratio for calculating the determinants of the second order, the elements of which are defined in the interval form, is obtained. The ratio for the approximate calculation of determinants of arbitrary order, the elements of which are defined in the interval form, is obtained. It is shown that the operations of multiplication (division) of interval numbers and raising them to an integer power are expedient to perform when they have a hyperbolic form. It is advisable to perform the addition (subtraction) operation with interval numbers given in the classic form or in the CENTER-RADIUS system. It is better to use the last form in the case of determining the coefficients of the quaternions based on the results of technological calculations. Screenshots of the formulas for determining the vector product of quaternions are given, provided that the coefficients at their orths are represented by interval numbers.
Uso de carboximaltose férrica no tratamento de deficiência de ferro em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca na perspectiva da saúde suplementar: análise de custo-efetividade e impacto orçamentário
Authors: Castelano Nayara , Campagnaro Melina , Picoli Renato , Clemente Valéria
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar a relação de custo-efetividade e impacto orçamentário (AIO) do tratamento de deficiência de ferro (DF), com ou sem anemia, em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca (IC) com fração de ejeção reduzida NYHA II e III, com uso de carboximaltose férrica (CMF), comparada ao placebo (não intervenção), sob a perspectiva pagadora da saúde suplementar (SS). Métodos: No modelo econômico, foi utilizada a árvore de decisão, no horizonte temporal de 52 semanas, na perspectiva da SS, sendo mensurados os benefícios clínicos e os custos associados à intervenção. Também foram executadas análises de sensibilidade determinística e probabilística para avaliar possíveis incertezas futuras. A elaboração da AIO foi realizada considerando o horizonte temporal de cinco anos, a população a ser tratada, os diferentes cenários de market share e os custos diretos envolvidos notratamento atual e no tratamento proposto. Resultados: A razão de custo-efetividade incremental (RCEI) foi de -R$ 20.517,07 para um ano de vida ajustado pela qualidade (QALYs). O impacto da incorporação da CMF na SS gerou uma economia em cinco anos de -R$ 43.945.225. Conclusões: A análise apresentada mostrou que o tratamento com CMF reduziu o custo de hospitalização, o número de consultas ambulatoriais e o custo de outros medicamentos relacionados à IC e proporcionou uma economia anual. Considerando um horizonte de tempo de 52 semanas, a terapia intravenosa com CMF resultou em uma estratégia de redução de custos, quando comparada ao tratamento proposto para a DF em pacientes com IC.
Towards an understanding of global brain data governance: perceptions on the ethical and legal principles that influence brain data governance
Authors: Ochang Paschal , Eke Damian , Stahl Bernd Carsten
Published: December 2023

Advances in neuroscience and other disciplines are producing large-scale brain data that consists of datasets from multiple organisms, disciplines, jurisdictions in different formats. However, due to the lack of an international data governance framework brain data is currently being produced under various contextual ethical and legal principles which may influence key stakeholders involved in the generation, collection, processing and sharing of brain data thereby raising ethical and legal challenges. Also, although calls for a culturally informed brain data governance framework have been made, practical steps and studies to understand the global perceptions of key stakeholders using neuroscientists who are influenced by these ethical legal principles is currently lacking. Therefore, using the research question how do ethical and legal principles influence data governance in neuroscience? we attempt to understand the perceptions of key actors on the principles, issues and concerns that can arise from brain data research. We carried out interviews with 21 leading international neuroscientists. The analytical insights revealed key ethical and legal principles, areas of convergence, visibility, and the issues and concerns that arise in brain data research around these principles. These issues and concerns mainly circulate around intimately connected areas which include ethics, human rights, regulations, policies and guidelines, and participatory governance. The research answers the call for a cross cultural study of global brain data governance and the results of the study will assist in understanding the issues and concerns that arise in brain data governance.
Effectiveness of Carbon Pricing Policy: The Case of Nordic Countries
Authors: TANIL Eyüp , Karakaş Mehmet , Kalabak Ali Yasin
Published: December 2023

Carbon taxation has become prominent as an effective policy tool in combating global climate change in today's world. This study aims to investigate the impact of carbon pricing on carbon emissions and carbon footprint (CF), focusing on the Nordic countries, which were the first to implement carbon taxation, using panel data analysis method between 1992 and 2021. The econometric tests applied in the study are as follows, in order: cross-section dependence tests, Delta homogeneity tests, second-generation panel unit root tests, Gegenbach et al. (2016) panel cointegration test, panel Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares Mean Group (DOLSMG) estimator, and Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) panel causality test. According to the findings of the coefficient estimation results, we determine that carbon pricing is effective in reducing carbon emissions and CF. In addition to the findings indicating cointegration among the variables, we also obtain evidence of a unidirectional causal relationship from carbon pricing to carbon emissions and CF.
In vitro study of survival fitness of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda to Bt maize along with solanaceous crops grown in district Faisalabad, Pakistan
Authors: Ulabdin Zain , Nasir Iqra , khan Hammad Ahmad , Akram waseem , Razia Syeda Eishah tu , bukhari Syed Asad Ali , Hira Hasooba
Published: December 2023

A preliminary study evaluated the survival fitness of fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) against genetically modified Bt maize along with solanaceous crops grown in periurban areas of District Faisalabad. Experimental insects were collected from infested Bt maize, eggplant, and tomato. Laboratory observations were performed for the larval and pupal developmental duration, pupal weight, survival rate, male and female longevity, and female fecundity. Our data reveals that FAW does not have the potential to complete its life cycle on eggplant, whereas tomato and Bt maize served as preferred hosts. Larval feeding duration was significantly different among the plants, and the Pupal developmental period was observed the longest on Bt maize, accompanied by reduced pupal weight (0.04 g). Survival rate was the highest with tomato as a food source, and significant differences in female fecundity were also observed, with tomato yielding the highest number of eggs (943.95), and the performance ranking of FAW was: tomato > Bt maize > eggplant. These preliminary findings help devise sustainable management strategies for the fall army arm a notorious insect pest of maize, which further help save the Pakistan maize industry.
A method of infrared multi small target detection based on MMNet
Authors: zhou Bing , Lu Bei , Zhang Zhigang
Published: December 2023

In practical scenarios, as the infrared detection range shrinks, the size of infrared small targets will dynamically increase, and commonly used infrared small target detection and tracking algorithms will not be able to continue to detect and track them stably. The MMNet (Multi task Matching Network) method is proposed to address the above questions. Firstly, a lightweight fully convolutional neural network based on codec architecture was designed to segment infrared images, achieve background suppression and target enhancement; Then, utilizing the significant features of infrared small targets to further suppress false alarms; Finally, an adaptive threshold method is used to separate small targets. In the network structure, multiple lower sampling layers are introduced to reduce computation and increase receptive fields. The testing of real infrared images shows that this algorithm outperforms typical infrared small target detection algorithms in terms of detection rate, false alarm rate, and operation time, and is suitable for infrared small target detection in complex backgrounds. For unreliable tracking results, a Kalman filter is used to predict the target position. The experimental results on the LSOTB-TIR (Large Scale Thermal Infrared Object Tracking Benchmark) infrared dataset show that the improved algorithm has better performance, with tracking accuracy and success rate improved by 5.7% and 4.2% respectively compared to MMNet.
Efficacy of Povidone-Iodine Nasal Rinse and Mouth Wash in COVID-19 Management: A Prospective, Randomized Pilot Clinical Trial (Povidone-Iodine in COVID-19 Management)
Authors: Alsaleh Saad , Alhussien Ahmed , Alyamani Abduljabbar , Alhussain Fahad , Alhijji Ali , Binkhamis Khalifa , Khan Anas , Javer Amin , Al-Shahrani Fatimah
Published: December 2023

Objectives/Hypothesis: To assess the efficacy of 0.23% povidone-iodine (PVP-I) nasal rinses and mouth washes on detectability of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus and cycle threshold (Ct) values in nasopharyngeal swabs.
Study Design: This was an open-label, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Setting: The study was conducted in King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from August 2021 to July 2022.
Methods: Participants diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 were randomly assigned to one of three groups, with participants receiving either 0.23% PVP-I, 0.9% normal saline (NS) nasal rinses and mouth washes, or no intervention (control group). Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken 4, 8, 12, and 18 days after the first swab to measure the detectability of the virus and the Ct.
Results: A total of 19 participants were involved in this study. The mean viral survival was 9.8, 12, and 12.6 days for the PVP-I, NS, and control groups, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.046). The Ct mean values were 23 ± 3.4, 23.5 ± 6.3, and 26.3 ± 5.9 at the time of recruitment and 25.2 ± 3.5, 15 ± 11.7, and 26.9 ± 6.4 after 4 days for the PVP-I, NS, and control groups, respectively.
Conclusions: When used continuously at a concentration of 0.23%, PVP-I showed promising results in terms of decreasing the pandemic burden by reducing the period of infectiousness and viral load. However, the use of PVP-I did not result in significantly different changes in the quality-of-life parameters in recently vaccinated and mild COVID-19 patients.
The evolution and profile of AA10 lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase coupled with cellulose decomposition in different composting microenvironments
Authors: Qin Xiaoya , Chen Xiaojing , Li Qunliang
Published: December 2023

In this study, the potential function of AA10 lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) was explored in different composting system, including sludge/hay (SD/HY), pig manure/cane marrow (PM/CM), and dairy manure/cane marrow (DM/CM) by metagenomic. The results indicated that the abundance of AA10 LPMO varied in different microenvironments, and its abundance was highest in DM/CM. Meanwhile, cellulose was better degraded by DM/CM. Furthermore, AA10 LPMO was mainly produced by microbial communities such as Streptomyces and Nonomuraea. Finally, mantel test further confirmed that the degradation of cellulose by AA10 LPMO in different composting microenvironments. These findings would provide a reference for further research on the potential application of this enzyme and waste degradation.
From identification of cause to solution: determinants of Mental Health Promotion in the workplace to reduce stress among health care workers based on the perceptions of employees and superiors
Authors: Zeinolabedini Masoume , Heidarnia Alireza , Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeil , Shakerinejad Ghodratollah , Zeidi Isa Mohammadi
Published: December 2023

Background
Workplace stress among health care workers (HCWs) is increasing due to the development of health services and occupational sensitivity. The aim of the study was to identify the determinants of mental health promotion in the workplace and provide a conceptual framework to reduce stress among HCWs, based on the perceptions of employees and superiors.
Methods
Findings were the result of semi-structured interviews and focus groups with HCWs working in primary health care centers and superiors. Data analysis was done using the approach of inductive and deductive content analysis. For this study, the Precede-Proceed model and the Job Demands-Resource (JD-R) model were used.
Results
After analysis, it was found that workplace stress has environmental and individual origins. In addition, predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors are important as facilitating and effective factors in reducing the stress of the workplace. Finally, in order to create change and interventions, it is necessary to develop policies to deal with stress in the workplace and develop stress coping techniques.
Conclusion
Overall, we found that workplace stress has multiple and interrelated dimensions. In other words, the comprehensive framework extracted from this research has individual, social, organizational and educational approaches about workplace stress. Therefore, it can be a useful guide to carry out effective interventions in stressful jobs, especially HCWs.
Implementing immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery at Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust
Authors: Maling Sarah , king Christopher , Botcherby Edward , Adams Mike
Published: December 2023

Background/Objectives:
Immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) is a relatively new approach to bilateral cataract surgery that can be offered under NICE guidelines 2017. Although increasingly popular only 0.5% of cataract operations are performed nationally using this approach. We redesigned our service to routinely offer ISBCS and are now one of the leading NHS providers of ISBCS in the UK. We audited our cataract operations for 2022 and report here our initial experiences with ISBCS.
Subjects/Methods:
We redesigned our cataract service to routinely offer ISBCS on the NHS. We audited all cataract operations performed in calendar year 2022.
Results
We performed 4652 NHS cataract operations including 498 (10.7%) operations on 298 patients using the ISBCS approach. Trainee surgeons performed 32.5% of these cases. There were two intraoperative complications. One was a suspected suprachoroidal haemorrhage and the other was a posterior capsular rupture post lens implantation. Post-operatively there was one case of retinal detachment requiring vitrectomy following uncomplicated ISBCS surgery and five cases or Irvine-Gass syndrome that were managed medically.
Conclusions
From this data ISBCS does not pose a greater risk to patients in terms of complications. Allowing trainees to operate on ISBCS cases improves the trainee experience. With appropriate pre-operative counselling, patients listed for unilateral surgery can be upgraded to ISBCS on the day of operation to fully utilise theatre capacity. Patients listed for ISBCS can also be downgraded to unilateral surgery on the day of operation when surgeons need time to deal with complications safely.
Imazalil and prochloraz toxicokinetics in fish probed by a physiologically based kinetic (PBK) model
Authors: LY Tu-Ky , De Oliveira Julie , Chadili Edith , Menach Karyn Le , Budzinski Hélène , James Alice , Hinfray Nathalie , Beaudouin Remy
Published: December 2023

Azole fungicides are highly suspected endocrine disruptors (ED) and are frequently detected in surface water. Among them, there are prochloraz (PCZ), a reference molecule and imazalil (IMZ), a highly suspected ED. Little is known about their toxicokinetic (TK) behavior in fish. Hence, research suggested that an improved risk assessment could be achieved by gaining insight into their TK behavior. The aim of this study is to understand and model the TK of both substances in different fish species. Two experiences on zebrafish exposed to IMZ and PCZ were performed to address the lack of in vivo TK data. A physiologically based kinetic (PBK) model applied to IMZ and PCZ was developed, capable to model different exposure scenario. The parameters of the PBK model were simultaneously calibrated on datasets reporting internal concentration in several organs in three fish species (original and literature datasets) by Bayesian methods (Monte Carlo Markov Chain). Model predictions were then compared to other experimental data (i.e. excluded from the calibration step) to assess the predictive performance of the model. The results strongly suggest that PCZ and IMZ are actively transported across the gills, resulting in a small fraction being effectively absorbed by the fish. The model’s results also confirms that both molecules are extensively metabolized by the liver into mainly glucuronate conjugates. Overall, the model performances were satisfying, predicting internal concentrations in several key organs. On average, 90% of experimental data were predicted within a two-fold range. The PBK model allows the understanding of IMZ and PCZ kinetics profiles by accurately predicting internal concentrations in three different fish species regardless of the exposure scenario. This enables a proper understanding of the mechanism of action of EDs at the molecular initiating event (MIE) by predicting bioaccumulation in target organs, thus linking this MIE to a possible adverse outcome.
Is chorioamnionitis the cause of the spontaneous fetomaternal hemorrhage?
Authors: Feng Chuan-Shou , Li Shu-Fen , Ju Hui-Hui
Published: December 2023

Background Fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) is a rare and serious pregnancy event, but the risk factors and pathogenesis of FMH are still unclear.
Case presentation This paper reports three cases of fetomaternal hemorrhage with unexplained reasons. The three cases required emergency caesarean sections for non-reassuring fetal status and were treated with neonatal blood transfusion. Fetomaternal hemorrhage was confirmed via maternal Kleihauer-Betke test.
Conclusion We found that reduced fetal movements, the sinusoidal model and increased MCA-PSV may be important indicators for early diagnosis of fetomaternal hemorrhage, and chorioamnionitismay be one of the causes of spontaneous fetomaternal hemorrhage.
m6A modified lncRNA WAKMAR2 induces intestinal inflammation through an allele-specific RNA methylation dependent splicing mechanism
Authors: Castellanos-Rubio Ainara , Rojas-Marquez Henar , Olazagoitia-Garmendia Ane , Mendoza-Gomez Luis , Bujanda Luis , Huerta Alain , Santin Izortze
Published: December 2023

Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the intestine that develops in genetically susceptible individuals and which etiology remains unknown. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as tissue-specific regulators of inflammation. In addition, m6A methylation modulates gene expression in an allele-specific manner, particularly in the context of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Here, we describe the molecular anti-inflammatory mechanism of the lncRNA WAKMAR2 in intestinal epithelial cells. WAKMAR2 undergoes allele-specific m6A methylation, altering the binding of NOVA1 protein and reducing the expression of WAKMAR2 long isoform which ultimately enables NF-κB activation and downstream CXCL8 induction. The correlation between longWAKMAR2 and CXCL8 levels in intestinal inflammation was confirmed using human biopsy samples from intestinal inflammatory bowel disease patients and controls. Moreover, augmenting longWAKMAR2 ex vivo using an organ culture intestinal system resulted in an amelioration of inflammation. These data point to an involvement of WAKMAR2 in the induction CXCL8 in intestinal epithelial cells and in the development of IBD characteristic intestinal inflammation, explaining genetic susceptibility and providing a novel potential target for therapeutic interventions.
Prevalence of human intestinal parasitic infections and associated risk factors at Lay Armachiho District Tikildingay town health center, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: YOHANNES TILAHUN , Alemu Tiruye
Published: December 2023

Human intestinal parasitic infections are caused by intestinal parasitic species broadly categorized in to helminthes and protozoa and prevalent worldwide, mainly, in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of human intestinal parasitic infections (HIPIs) and associated risk factors at Tikildingay town health center. The socio-demographic and risk factors data were collected using organized self-administers questionnaires, and stool sample was diagnosed to determine the prevalence. The data were entered with EPI Info version 7 and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Among 404 total participants in the study 181 (44.8%) were males and 223 (55.2%) were female. The overall prevalence of HIPIs was 36.63% (148/404). Five intestinal parasitic species were identified, among these, the most predominant parasite was E. histolytica/diaper (18.56%) followed by G. lamblia (11.39%), Hookworm (5.1%), A. lumbricoides (0.99) and S. mansoni (0.5%). Out of the total infection cases in the study area, 50.68% of the infection cases were caused by E. histolytica. Those who have no hand washing habit before meal are 22.709 times more infected than those who always wash their hand (CI = 1.771, 291.112 and at p-value 0.05). In general, to prevent the HIPIs improving health service and pure water supply; as well as creating awareness to the community about personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, proper waste disposal, transmissions and prevention ways are mandatory.
Development of a Competitive ELISA based on the LSDV A33 antigen
Authors: Chen Guohua , He Xiaobing , Gao Zhenzhen , Fang Yongxiang , Jia Huaijie , Tan Jinlong , zhou Guangqin , Fu Baoquan , Li Weike , Jing Zhizhong
Published: December 2023

Goatpoxvirus (GTPV), sheeppoxvius (SPPV), and the Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a Capripoxvirus belonging to the family poxviridae .They can cause significant economic losses in countries where these disease are endemic. However, effective and convenient diagnostic tools against sera antibody are not readily available until now. Toward this goal, a polyclonal antibody competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) of detecting serogroup-specific antibody is established based on major LSDV antigen A33 .
Serum samples (n=605) were collected to optimize the c-ELISA from different areas. The cut-off value for the c-ELISA was estimate using percent inhibition (PI) values. The diagnostic performance of test including sensitivity (sn) and specificity (sp) were obtained by receive operator characteristic (ROC) analysis. Among these analysis, >57.61% PI value was accepted as cut-off of the c-ELISA, the diagnostic sn an diagnostic sp were reached to 96.4% and 98.5%, at >95% confidence interval. These results show that the developed competitive ELISA is sensitive, specific, and reliable, which make it appropriate for serological investigation.
A nomogram for predicting lymphovascular invasion in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Kai , Lin Miaomaio , Zhao Xiang , Lin Huashan , Huang Haipeng
Published: December 2023

Backgroud
Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is histological factor that is closely related to prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LAC).The primary aim was to investigate the value of a nomogram incorporating clinical and computed tomography (CT) factors to predict LVI in LAC.
Methods
A total of 450 patients with LAC were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical data and CT features were analyzed to identify independent predictors of LVI. A nomogram incorporating the independent predictors of LVI was built. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by assessing its discriminative ability and clinical utility.
Results
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, maximum tumor diameter, spiculation, and vacuole sign were independent predictors of LVI. The LVI prediction nomogram showed good discrimination in the training set [area under the curve (AUC), 0.800] and the test set (AUC, 0.790).
Conclusions
The nomogram developed in this study can predict the risk of LVI in LAC patients, facilitate individualized risk-stratification, and help inform treatment decision-making.
The Impact of Russia-Ukraine geopolitical conflict on the air quality and toxicological properties of ambient PM2.5 in Milan, Italy.
Authors: Aghaei Yashar , Badami Mohammad Mahdi , Tohidi Ramin , Sioutas Constantinos , Subramanian Ganesh , Verma Vishal , Boffi Roberto , Borgini Alessandro , De Marco Cinzia , Contiero Paolo , Ruprecht Ario Alberto , Chatila Talal
Published: December 2023

The geopolitical conflict between Russia and Ukraine has disrupted Europe's natural gas supplies, driving up gas prices and leading to a shift towards biomass for residential heating during colder months. This study assessed the consequent air quality and toxicological impacts in Milan, Italy, focusing on fine particulate matter (PM2.5, dp < 2.5µm) emissions. PM2.5 samples were analyzed for their chemical composition and assessed for their oxidative potential using the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay across three periods reflecting residential heating deployment (RHD): pre-RHD, intra-RHD, and post-RHD periods. During the intra-RHD period, PM2.5 levels were significantly higher than those in other periods, with concentrations reaching 57.94 ± 7.57 µg/m3, indicating a deterioration in air quality. Moreover, levoglucosan was 9.2 times higher during the intra-RHD period compared to the pre-RHD period, correlating with elevated levels of elemental carbon (EC) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). These findings were compared with previous local studies before the conflict, underscoring a significant rise in biomass-related emissions. DTT assay levels during the intra-RHD were 2.1 times higher than those observed during the same period in 2022, strongly correlating with biomass burning emissions. Our findings highlight the necessity for policies to mitigate the indirect health effects of increased biomass burning emissions due to the energy crisis triggered by the geopolitical conflict.
Interaction Mechanism of β-lactoglobulin and Phlorizin Under Thermal Processing and the Effect of Immune Attenuation
Authors: Xue Haiyan , Zhang Lei , He Baoyuan , Yi Meixia , Li Xinyu , Wei Yi
Published: December 2023

βlactoglobulin (β-LG) is an important whey protein because of its high ability to bind hydrophobic small molecules. Phlorizin is a kind of apple polyphenol. The interaction mechanism between phlorizin and β-lactoglobulin in the milk system and the effect of phlorizin on β-LG after thermal processing are still unclear. Therefore, the interaction mechanism between β-LG and phlorizin and the structural and antigenic changes of the compound under different thermal processing was studied. Firstly, the binding mode of phlorizin and β-LG was simulated by molecular docking, and the binding mechanism of phlorizin and β-LG conformation changes were explored by spectroscopy. Indirect ELISA was used to evaluate the effect of phlorizin on the reduction of β-LG antigen. Phroside interacts with β-LG mainly by static quenching and hydrophobic force. Due to the addition of phlorizin, the hydrophobic groups on the surface of the compound heated at 100℃ were hidden, and the hydrophobic interaction between phlorizin and β-LG was weakened. And the addition of phlorizin after thermal processing changed the secondary structure of β-LG, β-sheet, and random coil were reducing, and α-helix was increasing. Phlorizin reduced the antigenicity of β-LG, but there was no significant difference between thermal processing under 100℃.