bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagenesis and Sequence Stratigraphic Framework—A Case Study in Upper Miocene Carbonates, La Molata, Southeastern Spain
Authors: Li Zhaoqi , Goldstein Robert H. , Franseen Evan K.
Published: November 2019

Upper Miocene carbonates in La Molata, southeast Spain, consist of eight depositional sequences, capped by subaerial exposure surfaces 1 to 7. Known stratigraphy, mineralogy, climate, and duration of exposure provide superb opportunity for studying diagenesis and sequence framework. This integrated study shows that only minor diagenetic alteration has occurred during subaerial exposure (surface 1 to 6) that was short-lived (<533 k.y.) and in an arid climate, or the carbonate sediments were composed primarily of calcite.

Dolomitization occurred during the initial stages of sea-level fall associated with surface 7, by ascending freshwater-mesohaline mixing. This resulted in dissolution to create 10-20% porosity. During this long-lived period of subaerial exposure (greater than 5.3 m.y.) in a wet climate, major amounts of calcite cementation reduced porosity, forming an upper and a lower cemented zone. Cements in the upper zone are nonluminescent, whereas those in the lower zone exhibit luminescent zonation. In the upper zone, isotopic data from calcite cements show two meteoric calcite lines having a mean of d18O at -5.1 ‰ and -5.8 ‰ VPDB. No clear meteoric calcite lines are defined in the lower cemented zone, which has a mean of -6.7‰ VPDB. d13C. Values in both cement zones are predominantly negative, ranging from -10 to +2 ‰ VPDB, suggestive of carbon from soil gas or decayed organics. Tm ice in primary fluid inclusions shows a mode of 0.0 °C in both zones, indicating calcite cementation from fresh water.

These two zones define the position of two different paleo-water tables that formed during a relative fall in sea-level and erosional downcutting during the Plio-Pleistocene. The upper cemented zone pre-dates the lower cemented zone on the basis of known relative sea-level history. Each texture (boundstone, grainstone, packstone, and wackestone) produces a different relationship between percent calcite cement and porosity/permeability. Distribution of cements may be predictable on the basis of known sea-level history, and the effect of the cementation can be incorporated into subsurface geomodels by defining surfaces of rock boundaries that separate cemented zones from uncemented zones and applying texture-specific relationships among cementation, porosity and permeability.
Tectonic Control on Late-Stage Sequence-Stratigraphic Architecture and Drowning of the Triassic Yangtze Platform, Nanpanjang Basin, South China
Authors: Minzoni Marcello , Lehrmann Daniel J. , Enos Paul , Dezoeten Erich , Payne Jonathan
Published: November 2019

The long-lived Yangtze platform (YP) drowned abruptly and was buried by pelagic facies and siliciclastic turbidites in western Guizhou Province during the Late Triassic (Carnian). The uppermost carbonate platform facies are peritidal cyclic limestone and dolostone containing a restricted biota and having fenestral laminate caps. Equivalent margin facies consist of intraclastic, grapestone, oolitic grainstone, and lenses of coral-Tubiphytes algal boundstone indicating high-energy shoals and patch reefs.

The drowning horizon is a laterally variable sharp surface or gradational shift to dark, nodular-bedded, pelagic lime mudstone to wackestone. The contact lacks hardgrounds, phosphatized, or glauconitic surfaces that would indicate drowning by excess nutrient flux. Uppermost platform carbonates have a tropical photozoan biota and lack siliciclastic content, indicating neither climate cooling nor clastic flux played a role in drowning. Rare bioturbation and benthic biota in the lower part of the drowning interval indicate dysaerobic conditions with an upward shift to anoxic conditions.

Syndepositional faults had a significant impact on the evolution of the western sector of the Yangtze platform and controlled three local accommodation cycles. Faults developed during the last accommodation cycle tip out at the drowning horizon and include a flower structure upon which a pinnacle reef developed as the rest of the platform drowned. Lateral variability in the drowning horizon and thickness of the post-drowning pelagic facies point to differential tectonic subsidence causing sinking of the platform into deep water along faults.

Magnetic susceptibility and paleomagnetic reversal correlation demonstrates that the western sector of the platform drowned while shallow marine mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sedimentation continued in the eastern sector to be terminated later in shallow water by increasing rates of clastic flux. Starved black shale horizons in the basin indicate persistent water stratification and bottom water anoxia; elevated trace metal concentrations indicate dysaerobic to anoxic conditions and enhanced preservation of organic matter. Tectonic subsidence likely submerged the western sector into deep, toxic waters of the stratified basin causing the killing of benthic marine carbonate production.
O papel do comentário escrito no método da instrução ao sósia e seu uso na formação de professores
Authors: Lousada Eliane Gouvea , Fazion Flavia
Published: November 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir o papel do comentário escrito no método da instrução ao sósia (IS) e seu uso na formação de professores, além de propor uma reflexão sobre o interesse em estudar a função epistêmica (SCHNEUWLY, 2008; BLASER, LAMPRON, SIMARD-DUPUIS, 2015) da escrita como auxiliar do método da IS. Para tanto, analisamos os comentários escritos redigidos por professores que assistiram a um curso de pós-graduação sobre o trabalho docente e que vivenciaram o método da IS como uma maneira de ligar os saberes teóricos do curso à sua aplicação prática. Para atingir nossos objetivos, apoiamo-nos nos pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos da Clínica da Atividade e Ergonomia da Atividade (Clot 1999; Amigues, 2004; Saujat 2010; FAÏTA 2004), acrescidos de conceitos do interacionismo sociodiscursivo (bronckart, 1999, 2008) para a compreensão do agir linguageiro expresso nos textos produzidos pelos participantes. Na análise dos dados, percebemos que o professor, ao escrever o texto comentário enquanto escuta a instrução ao sósia, torna-se um outro para si-mesmo, observando sua prática de um outro ponto de vista. Alguns índices linguísticos e os sentidos dos conteúdos enunciados permitem identificar esses momentos e, assim, contribuem para mostrar a função epistêmica da escrita no conhecimento de si enquanto professor e de sua prática.
A correção de resumos acadêmicos: a monitoria de disciplina como atividade de mediação da (re)escrita
Authors: Avelar Maíra , Graça Beatriz , Lisboa André , Pinheiro Hayat
Published: November 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é focalizar as estratégias de correção e intervenção textual do discente-monitor em resumos acadêmicos produzidos por discentes da disciplina “Laboratório de Leitura e Escrita de Textos Acadêmicos”, verificando se, de fato, a monitoria de disciplina contribui  para a orientação e mediação da reescrita de textos. Ancorando-nos estudos sobre o gênero textual resumo, bem como numa categorização de intervenções textuais, que variam de intervenções resolutivas a interativas, comparamos duas correções de resumos acadêmicos que compõem o nosso banco de dados: uma, realizada de maneira individual, por uma discente que não discutiu sobre o processo de correção e mediação da escrita de gêneros acadêmicos; e outra, realizada por dois discentes que já tinham passado pelo processo de atuarem como monitores e, assim, de discutir com a professora orientadora, ao longo de sua atuação, sobre as possibilidades e os limites de intervenção num texto cuja escrita e a palavra final é do discente-autor. A partir da comparação das duas correções, foi possível constatar que o trabalho de formação de corretores, um dos aspectos desenvolvidos na formação de monitores revela-se como um processo relevante na formação de futuros professores de Língua Materna que, dentre outras tarefas, precisam atuar como corretores, ou seja, interlocutores e mediadores da (re)escrita do texto de discentes, seja nos Ensinos Fundamental e Médio, seja no Ensino Superior.
Comandos de prova de redação: as diferentes finalidades para a produção
Authors: Silva Carla Catarina , Menegassi Renilson José
Published: November 2019

Este artigo analisa um dos elementos das condições de produção escrita, a finalidade, tendo em vista seu aspecto escolar ou não escolar, em 91 comandos de produção textual da prova de Redação do Vestibular da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Para tanto, baseamo-nos nos estudos do dialogismo e adotamos uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, de base interpretativa, na verificação das diferentes manifestações desse elemento do comando. Contamos, ainda, com auxílio da perspectiva quantitativa para ajudar a encontrar as regularidades nas análises. Os resultados apontam que a característica da finalidade, classificada como escolar ou não escolar, está ligada ao contexto do comando e influencia na forma de sua apresentação, que pode ser explícita ou por meio de inferência. Verificamos, ainda, que a maioria dos comandos analisados apresenta finalidade não escolar. A discussão acerca desse aspecto da finalidade é importante no trabalho com a produção textual, não só no Concurso Vestibular, mas, também, em situações avaliativas gerais, como as conduzidas em situação de ensino.
A escrita escolar a partir da Análise de Discurso: o discurso pedagógico escolar polêmico em prol do desenvolvimento de um aluno-autor
Authors: Fernandes Carolina , Santos Matheus Rodrigues dos
Published: November 2019

Este artigo trata da escrita em sala de aula a partir do escopo teórico da Análise do Discurso de linha materialista que considera a linguagem como materialidade discursiva, ou seja, produzida pela relação constitutiva do material linguístico com sua exterioridade que engloba os contextos enunciativo e sócio-histórico. Em nossas análises, investigamos a produção de autoria em três textos argumentativos produzidos por alunos de escolas públicas do ensino fundamental e médio. Buscamos também observar de que forma o discurso pedagógico polêmico pode intervir na produção textual dos alunos sobre temas socioculturais, favorecendo o sujeito-aluno se colocar na posição de autor. Comprovamos nossa hipótese de que a partir de um discurso polêmico, há o estímulo da polissemia e, assim, havendo, portanto, condições para o aluno ocupar discursivamente a posição-autor. Além disso, através dessa reflexão teórico-metodológica, discutimos sobre a abordagem de temáticas socioculturais na escola como forma de contribuir ativamente para a formação de sujeitos-cidadãos, capazes de refletir e discursivizar o mundo ao seu redor com singularidade assim como orienta a BNCC de 2018 com a proposta da educação integral.
As concepções de letramentos na formação de professores de FLE em contexto amazônico
Authors: Girão Stéphanie Soares
Published: November 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar as concepções de letramentos descritas no projeto político-pedagógico (PPPC) da Licenciatura em Letras-Língua e Literatura Francesa da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), bem como as concepções de letramentos dos professores do curso. A partir do objetivo principal, pretende-se identificar e discutir as perspectivas de letramentos adotadas articulando os conceitos de letramentos inscritos no documento com aqueles adotados pelos professores da licenciatura. Esta é uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujo procedimento metodológico está fundamentado na análise documental e em entrevistas, portanto, o trabalho se concentra no projeto político-pedagógico de curso, mais especificamente, em duas versões das matrizes curriculares (MC 2013 e MC 2016). Como suporte teórico o artigo apresenta questões ligadas aos Novos Estudos de Letramento, mais especificamente sobre letramento acadêmico (LEA; STREET, 1998; 2006). Os resultados revelam que os documentos analisados estão fundamentados em uma perspectiva de modelo autônomo de letramento, com características do modelo de hablidades e de socialização acadêmica, enquanto que o discurso da maioria dos docentes está alinhado à perspectiva de letramento ideológico. Finalmente, apresentamos este diagnóstico no sentido de sinalizar direções quando da reformulação de um próximo currículo ou matriz curricular, de forma a alinhá-los com as concepções e práticas de letramento acadêmico do corpo docente.
In Search of Training Gestures: What Regularities can be observed when Teaching how to Teach Written Production?
Authors: Gagnon Roxane , Laurens Véronique , Dolz Joaquim
Published: November 2019

A partir de uma pesquisa empírica sobre as práticas de formação do professorado na Suíça que reúne 28 sequências de formação sobre a produção escrita, este artigo propõe uma visão geral dos gestos profissionais que desenvolvem os formadores ao preparar os futuros docentes. Seis grandes gestos profissionais organizam a dinâmica da formação observada e o agir do formador. Dois gestos se realizam fora das aulas: planificação e avaliação do trabalho de treinamento. Quatro gestos têm lugar no curso da implementação das sequências em presença dos docentes: conceptualização da escrita e do seu ensino e aprendizagem, mobilização das práticas e experiências da produção escrita na aula, equipar com recursos e ferramentas para o ensino a escrita, regulação das aprendizagens e das práticas dos professores. O artigo ilustra com exemplos o agir do formador no domínio da produção escrita. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram a importância do agir do formador para o desenvolvimento de competências profissionais para o ensino da produção escrita.

Palavras-chave: Práticas de formação de professores. Sequências de treinamento. Produção escrita. Gestos profissionais.
Die Verwaltung und ihr Recht
Authors: Rubel Rüdiger , Ziekow Jan
Published: November 2019

The present volume contains the lectures given at the Annual Meeting 2018 of the German section of the International Institute for Administrative Sciences in Leipzig. The conference was held under the general theme "The Administration and its Law". The aim of the volume is to illuminate both the relationship between administration and administrative jurisdiction on different issues, as well as the role of law as an instrument of governance and – in a third block – discuss the different aspects of the relationships between national administrations and EU law beyond the mere effect of norms on EU law.
With contributions from
high-ranking persons from the administrative court, i.a. the President of the BVerwG Prof. Dr. med. Rennert, and the administration as well as scientists from law and political science.
Die Stimmen des Volkes
Authors: Storz Anna
Published: November 2019

This book provides an in-depth overview of the development of cantonal right-wing parties in Switzerland in terms of their populist approaches. It focuses on the parties’ political style by applying a newly developed index on right-wing populism. This measurement tool is a strong argument for a gradual understanding of populism. It shows that, especially in a Swiss context, political parties differ from canton to canton and era to era. Additionally, the political style a party adopts on a national level does not necessarily have to be the same as that which it adopts on a cantonal level. Moreover, the index values show that they are a more valid tool for measuring populism than the share of votes itself.
Who Votes with Whom: Co-voting Network of the Lower House of Czech Parliament after the 2017 Elections
Authors: Brabec Dušan
Published: November 2019

This article aims to identify and analyse the structure of co-voting ties among the members of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The structure of co-voting ties is approached as a network of members of parliament that represents the rate of co-voting between each pair of deputies that were elected to the lower house of the Czech parliament in 2017. Similarity of the voting of deputies is treated as a proxy indicator of a potential relationship, either co-operation or rivalry between the MPs. This study focuses exclusively on the level of political party groups, their internal cohesion and intra-party co-operation, based on the co-voting ties between all members of the parliament. The main findings of this research are that the dynamics of the internal party cohesion of each parliamentary party and their voting co-operation are heavily influenced by the time the government is formed. As the internal cohesion of political party groups present in the Czech parliament and even the co-operation between them changed drastically after the government of Andrej Babiš got the vote of confidence. This research connects the findings with the previous works on the internal cohesion of Czech political parties.
Les apports des sciences participatives à la connaissance naturaliste : le cas de l’enquête participative « Lichens forestiers du Massif central »
Authors: MARECHAL Théo , MARSY Sylvain , HAPPE David , DARNIS Thomas , LEPRINCE Jacques-Henri , ANTONETTI Philippe , HURTADO Christian , PONCET Rémy
Published: November 2019

Entre 2015 et 2016, sous l’impulsion de la DREAL Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, des acteurs scientifiques et institutionnels se sont associés pour construire et animer un projet participatif portant sur les Lichens et plus spécifiquement sur huit taxons : Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm., L. scrobiculata (Scop.) DC., Sphaerophorus globosus (Huds.) Vain., S. fragilis (L.) Pers., Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th. Fr., Flavoparmelia sp., Usnea sp. et Ramalina fraxinea (L.) Ach. Baptisé « Enquête participative Lichens forestiers du Massif central », celui-ci a permis de collecter près de 3000 données d’occurrence, dont certaines constituent des premières mentions départementales. Les processus de construction et d’animation du projet sont résumés et discutés au regard des moyens mobilisés et des résultats obtenus (jeu de données, structuration d’un réseau d’acteurs, etc.). La compatibilité entre sciences participatives et groupes taxonomiques réputés difficiles tels que les Lichens est démontrée. L’autécologie des espèces cibles est précisée pour le Massif central et les perspectives de valorisation du jeu de données constitué sont discutées.
Proton Pump Inhibitors, H2 Blocker Use, and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children
Authors: Schwartz Naomi R. M. , Hutfless Susan , Herrinton Lisa J. , Amsden Laura B. , Fevrier Helene B. , Giefer Matthew , Lee Dale , Suskind David L. , Delaney Joseph A. C. , Phipps Amanda I.
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVES Evidence suggests use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H2 blockers may provoke disease flares in individuals with established inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, there are no studies investigating the relationship of these medications with risk of developing pediatric IBD. The hypothesis was that use of acid suppression therapy in children might be associated with development of pediatric IBD.

METHODS This was a nested case-control study of 285 Kaiser Permanente Northern California members, age ≤21 years diagnosed with IBD from 1996 to 2016. Four controls without IBD were matched to each case on age, race, and membership status at the case's index date. Disease risk scores (DRS) were computed for each subject. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by using conditional logistic regression models adjusted for DRS.

RESULTS The children's mean age was 15.1 ± 2.6 years and 49.5% were female. Six cases (n = 3 Crohn's disease [CD], n = 3 ulcerative colitis [UC]) and 6 controls were prescribed PPIs and 10 cases (n = 7 CD, n = 3 UC) and 28 controls were prescribed H2 blockers. The OR for the association of at least 1 PPI or H2 blocker prescription with subsequent IBD was 3.6 (95% CI, 1.1–11.7) for PPIs and 1.6 (95% CI, 0.7–3.7) for H2 blockers.

CONCLUSIONS Early-life PPI use appears to be associated with subsequent IBD risk. These findings have implications for clinical treatment of children with gastrointestinal symptoms and warrant further investigation in a larger cohort.
Water and environmental education: didactic activity in water treatment plant
Authors: Silveira Luís Felipe , Nijishima Toshio
Published: November 2019

A pesquisa “Água e Educação Ambiental: Atividade didática em uma Estação de Tratamento de Água” avaliou o efeito da atividade didática de visitação de estudantes do quarto ano do ensino fundamental da Escola Imaculada Conceição de Dois Irmãos/RS a uma ETA como ferramenta de auxílio nas aprendizagens relativas à educação ambiental. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, com pesquisa de natureza quantitativa, ao quantificar as respostas obtidas no questionário, na avaliação diagnóstica e no pós-teste em porcentagens e qualitativa ao analisar o tipo de resposta dada e a atividade realizada. Os resultados indicaram que atividades didáticas como a realizada nesta pesquisa, podem contribuir para o processo de aprendizagem, potencializando o entendimento de conceitos e conteúdos relacionados à água e, ainda, auxiliar na sensibilização e multiplicação das concepções aprendidas.
Influence of the diffusion coefficient on the water quality in reduced instream flow
Authors: Salla Marcio Ricardo , Nogueira Amanda De Souza , Pereira Carlos Eugénio
Published: November 2019

Em algumas instalações hidrelétricas existe a formação de trecho de vazão reduzida a jusante do barramento. Normalmente são introduzidas estruturas de barramento com soleiras para aumentar a largura do canal e, consequentemente, diminuir os impactos ambientais. Esta configuração hidráulica aumenta a profundidade líquida e reduz a velocidade média do escoamento, o que faz com que o termo difusivo ganhe importância no comportamento dos parâmetros de qualidade da água ao longo do trecho de vazão reduzida. O foco do estudo é o trecho de vazão reduzida da Central Hidrelétrica Capim Branco I, localizado no baixo curso do rio Araguari, Triângulo Mineiro e que possui a extensão de 9 km e cinco pequenos barramentos. As simulações dos parâmetros OD, DBO, nitrogênio orgânico, amônia, nitrato e fósforo total foram realizadas na ferramenta AQUATOOL, no período de outubro de 2009 até setembro de 2010. As simulações para os coeficientes de difusão E iguais a 5, 10, 15 e 20 m2/s foram comparadas com os simulados para E igual a zero. O valor reduzido de E traz maior influência sobre o comportamento dos parâmetros de qualidade da água. O incremento de carga poluidora do córrego Marimbondo aumentou consideravelmente a variação de DBO, fósforo total e nitrogênio orgânico (para o período seco e chuvoso, respectivamente, 2% e 4% para a DBO, 6% e 7% para o fósforo total e 5% e 6% para o nitrogênio orgânico). A variação de OD foi reduzida no período seco e chuvoso, mantendo-se inferior a 1% na maioria do trecho de vazão reduzida. O processo de nitrificação ocasionou elevadas variações de amônia, com pico de 10% no período seco e de 14% no chuvoso, além de elevada variação de nitrato, com pico de 16% no período seco e 18% no chuvoso. Diante do impacto de E no comportamento dos parâmetros, sugere-se que este coeficiente seja previamente obtido em campo por meio de métodos experimentais com traçadores.
Effect of Ship-Induced Langmuir-Type Circulations on Distribution of Surface-Active Substances and Damping of Short Wind Waves
Authors: Somero Ryan , Basovich Andre , Paterson Eric
Published: November 2019

It has recently been shown that the interaction of ship-generated nonuniform currents with ambient surface waves can lead to the generation of Langmuir-type circulations (LTCs) (Basovich 2011) and a persistent wake (Somero et al. 2018). Based on this work, it is shown here that the LTC and surface currents of the persistent wake are responsible for the redistribution of surface-active substances (SAS) and a corresponding change in the damping of short surface waves. The persistent wake is a region of the ship wake, where initial ship-generated perturbations have mostly decayed. The LTCs are similar in nature to Langmuir circulations which arise as a result of instability of wind-driven current. LTCs produce a secondary flow with velocity transverse to the direction of the ship, and width significantly larger than the ship beam. Because LTCs are generated in large scale, they persist for a long time after the passage of the ship. Transverse surface currents produced by LTCs in the ship wake redistribute the SAS films at the sea surface. These currents create strong convergence and divergence zones which in turn produce streaks with different concentrations of SAS. The change in concentration of SAS affects the film pressure and the damping effect of SAS on the short surface waves. This effect is represented by a damping factor and is a crucial parameter in determination of the spectral density of short wind waves. Therefore, the damping effect of the film, as represented by the damping factor, is responsible for sea surface roughness modification and is important for prediction of synthetic-aperture RADAR (SAR) imagery of ship wakes on the ocean surface. In this article, we present the mathematical and computational methods, along with simulation results for a naval surface combatant operating in calm, head, and following seas. The simulation results clearly show that the convergence and divergence zones strongly influence the relative SAS concentration and the spatial distribution of the damping factor, the latter of which defines the structure of SAR images of the persistent wake. Comparisons of the magnitude of the damping factor with available SAR data are shown to be in good agreement.
Aplicação de redes neurais artificiais na previsão do produto interno bruto do Mato Grosso do Sul em função da produção de cana-de-açúcar, açúcar e etanol
Authors: Carneiro Júnior João Bosco Arbués , Souza Celso Correia de
Published: November 2019

A produção de cana-de-açúcar e de seus derivados contribui significativamente para o aumento do Produto Interno Bruto do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (MS). Gestores públicos e executivos do setor necessitam de informações para que suas decisões relacionadas à produção, tributação, entre outras possam ter melhor qualidade. Para isto, as técnicas de predição contribuem neste processo. Diante do exposto, este artigo buscou responder qual a capacidade preditiva das Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNAs) para explicar o Produto Interno Bruto de MS em função da das variáveis independentes, produção de cana-de-açúcar, açúcar e etanol? Assim, o objetivo geral do trabalho é estimar o Produto Interno Bruto de MS relativo a produção de cana-de-açúcar, de açúcar e de etanol utilizando as RNAs. Como objetivos específicos: verificar as correlações entre as variáveis envolvidas na produção de açúcar e etanol a partir da cana-de-açúcar; construir, treinar e validar um modelo de RNAs com estas variáveis; utilizar o modelo construído e validado para realizar previsões. A relevância da pesquisa é a utilização desta importante ferramenta de predição para pode prever o fluxo monetário que será demandado com o incremento da produção da cana-de-açúcar, do açúcar e do etanol, podendo planejar investimentos no sentido de propiciar melhores condições de vida à população, não só nos entornos das usinas, mas no Estado que será beneficiado como um todo. Observando os dados coletados e os objetivos propostos, este trabalho é classificado como exploratório descritivo. A série temporal em análise compreende o intervalo de 2002 a 2015. O software utilizado para construir a RNA foi o SPSS - Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - Pacote Estatístico para as Ciências Sociais. Concluiu-se que o modelo predito de RNA foi capaz de explicar o comportamento do PIB do MS em função das variáveis independentes descritas, além disso, o modelo apresentou valores e observações satisfatórias para sua validação. Por fim, utilizando dados hipotéticos para as variáveis independentes, o modelo predito e validado foi utilizado para realizar uma previsão com significativa segurança.
Luminosidade, recipiente e pó de micaxisto no crescimento de mudas de Dipteryx alata Vogel (FABACEAE)
Authors: Cavalcante Tadeu Robson Melo
Published: November 2019

Com o avanço da fronteira agrícola na região centro-oeste do Brasil, espécies frutíferas nativas desta região, com potencial de exploração sustentada em curto e médio prazos, ainda são pouco exploradas, o que pode leva-las à extinção. Neste cenário, pesquisas que visem a propagação, estabelecimento, desenvolvimento e conservação dessas espécies devem ser incentivadas para utilização em estudos fitotécnicos, melhoramento genético, manutenção de bancos de germoplasma, diversificação de produtos, geração de renda, e sua introdução na cadeia produtiva, aumentando assim, a produção sustentável de mudas de frutas nativas na região Centro-Oeste. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do sombreamento, do tubo de linha e do pó de micaxisto, na produção de mudas. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com 12 tratamentos e 10 repetições em esquema fatorial 3 x 2 x 2 – três ambientes: 85% de sombra, 50% de sombra e a pleno sol; duas fontes de mineralização: composto de uréia + superfosfato simples + cloreto de potássio (NPK) e pó de micaxisto (PMX) e dois tipos de recipientes: tubete de polietileno rígido e carretéis plásticos (tubos de linha). Irradiância maior que 50% reduziu o desenvolvimento inicial das mudas. Pó de micaxisto em nada afetou as variáveis alométricas em D. alata ou durante os 120 dias após semeio.
PROTECTION DE L’ENVIRONNEMENT ET EXPROPRIATION INDIRECTE DANS LES ACCORDS MÉGA-RÉGIONAUX
Authors: Freiss Kintxo
Published: November 2019

La question de la protection de l’environnement est devenue récurrente lors de la négociation d’accords économiques et d’investissements internationaux. Elle a souvent été reliée à la notion d’expropriation indirecte. Or, l’expropriation indirecte est une notion complexe. Elle soulève la question de l’interprétation qui en est faite et, donc, de la définition que lui donne le droit international de l’investissement. Cette étude analysera la notion d’expropriation indirecte telle qu’énoncée par l’Accord économique et commercial global (AECG) et le Partenariat transpacifique (PTP), car ces deux traités illustrent une certaine évolution incrémentale du droit international des investissements, grâce à la présence d’une dynamique entre la pratique arbitrale et la négociation des accords internationaux. Alors que ces traités ont été vivement critiqués par une part non négligeable de la société civile et par une partie de la classe politique, les résultats de ce travail de recherche soulignent qu’il résulte de ces accords un meilleur encadrement de l’expropriation indirecte. Ils établissent un juste équilibre entre la poursuite de politiques légitimes, dont la protection de l’environnement fait partie, et la protection des investissements étrangers. De fait, l’AECG et le PTP énoncent des règles claires et précises au niveau de l’expropriation indirecte qui limitent les interprétations extensives de la notion d’expropriation indirecte et qui garantissent l’exercice du pouvoir réglementaire des États. Toutefois, un certain nombre de failles demeurent persistantes et les parties à l’accord pourraient certainement aller encore plus loin, afin de favoriser de meilleures marges de manoeuvre pour les États, en vue de protéger leur environnement.
Le Brexit au regard des droits des traités et des organisations internationales
Authors: Garcia Thierry
Published: November 2019

L’objet et l’intérêt de cet article consistent à examiner l’impact du Brexit sur les rapports respectifs entre les ordres juridiques international, de l’Union européenne et du Royaume-Uni au regard des droits des traités et des organisations internationales. Dans l’espace et dans le temps, un triple mouvement peut être observé. En effet, l’application du droit des traités sous le prisme des organisations internationales consacrée par le Brexit, la participation du Royaume-Uni aux organisations internationales impactée par ce droit des traités et, enfin, une application modifiée du droit des traités à la lumière des organisations internationales après le Brexit, seront successivement étudiées.
La gestation pour autrui : l’influence des droits fondamentaux européens sur le droit international privé
Authors: Pons Camille
Published: November 2019

La technique de la gestation pour autrui est le fait, pour une femme, de porter un enfant pour le compte d’autrui. La prohibition de la maternité de substitution par de nombreux ordres juridiques et, au contraire, l’acception de celle-ci par d’autres poussent les individus en désir d’enfant à profiter de la diversité des systèmes juridiques pour y recourir à l’étranger. Que les États acceptent un tel processus ou non, ils se retrouvent confrontés à la question du sort des enfants nés d’une gestation pour autrui dès lors que les parents d’intention font un retour dans leur pays d’origine. Cette technique de procréation met le droit international privé, qui peine à trouver des solutions adaptées, à rude épreuve. À ces difficultés s’ajoutent les droits fondamentaux européens dont la rationalité diffère fortement de celle à l’oeuvre en droit international privé. La question de la gestation pour autrui illustre pleinement cette collision des rationalités et les nombreux points de frictions techniques et épistémologiques entre les deux droits. Un regard rétrospectif de l’appréhension de la gestation pour autrui par les ordres juridiques montre l’exclusivisme originel du raisonnement de droit international privé pour traiter de la question, avant de constater récemment une prévalence de la logique des droits fondamentaux européens. Un certain nombre de barrières posées par les techniques de droit international privé sont ainsi repoussées pour offrir une reconnaissance des situations familiales en faisant de la réalité biologique la pierre angulaire de la reconnaissance. Pour autant, l’irruption des droits fondamentaux dans la résolution des litiges transfrontaliers relatifs à la gestation pour autrui n’est pas sans poser des difficultés liées au respect des ordres publics nationaux et au respect des droits de l’homme des différentes personnes impliquées dans le processus. D’autres voies devront donc être explorées pour offrir un cadre règlementaire adapté.
ARAYA V. NEVSUN RESOURCES: REMEDIES FOR VICTIMS OF HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS COMMITTED BY CANADIAN MINING COMPANIES ABROAD
Authors: Lauzon Jolane T.
Published: November 2019

In November 2017, the British Columbia Court of Appeal (BCCA) published its decision in the case Araya v. Nevsun Resources, dismissing the appeal filed by Nevsun, and allowing the lawsuit to move forward to the merits stage of the procedure. This decision was ground-breaking since the plaintiffs were suing Nevsun Resources, a Canadian mining company, for its alleged complicity in the use of forced labor, slavery, torture, inhuman or degrading treatment, and crimes against humanity at the Bisha Mine in Eritrea, a mine belonging to Nevsun. In its decision, the BCCA rejected the three main arguments put forward by Nevsun to get the case dismissed: (1) the forum non conveniens doctrine; (2) the Act of State doctrine and (3) the lack of private law cause of action against corporations for the violations of customary international law principles. In this context, this article offers an analysis of the most significant cases brought before Canadian Courts in regard to Canadian mining companies’ corporate social responsibility. It also relies on two influential cases from the U.S. Supreme Court: Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum and Jesner v. Arab Bank. Finally, it looks at the common challenges faced by foreign victims when they seek to bring lawsuits against transnational corporations and it briefly suggests that common law courts should adopt a new duty of care to address businesses’ corporate liability for violations of human rights.
JOURNALISTIC FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION AND CONTEMPT PROCEEDINGS AT THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA
Authors: Cubbon John
Published: November 2019

The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) has addressed the limits to journalistic freedom of expression more frequently and in more detail than other tribunals that resemble it. In its Rules of Procedure and Evidence a broadly common law concept of contempt of the Tribunal was adopted. The jurisprudence of the ICTY establishes that a violation of a court order as such constitutes an interference with its administration of justice and that it is not for a party or a third person to determine when an order “is serving the International Tribunal’s administration of justice”. The Tribunal has also held that the disclosure of confidential evidence by another third party does not mean either that this information is no longer protected or that the relevant court order has been de facto lifted or that its violation will not interfere with the Tribunal’s administration of justice. In deciding whether a restriction of the right of a journalist to freedom of expression was justified, the Appeals Chamber considered whether it was provided by law and whether it was proportionate and necessary for the protection of public order. The jurisprudence of the ICTY in this area is relevant to the practice of other international and internationalized criminal courts because of the similarity of their rules and the comparable impediments to the enforcement of their orders.
ORDRE PUBLIC PROTECTION AS LEGITIMATE AIM FOR FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION RESTRICTION IN THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ORDER
Authors: Ghantous Marie
Published: November 2019

The right to freedom of expression (FOE) is one of the cornerstones of the rule of law, but it is not an absolute right. It can be restricted on specific conditions. International criminal justice, in its fight against war crimes, and more recently against terrorism, by issuing contempt orders restricting FOE, reveals at first sight a disrespect of this fundamental right. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the legality of the restrictions imposed by international criminal courts, according to the international standards set by international human rights conventions. The applicability of the principles enshrined in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, in particular the restrictive circumstances allowing limitation of FOE before international criminal courts, raises doubts. Restriction of FOE for ordre public protection, in particular, is of great interest. This notion of ordre public appeared in recent international case-law but it is quite difficult to pin down. In an attempt to define the notion of ordre public, this paper made first the distinction between ordre public and neighbouring notions, especially with public policy notion and tried to find out if there was a recognized and identified international public order, and if jus cogens and public order had the same meaning or could be interchanged. Here also, few distinctions with neighbouring notions was conducted in order to answer to the final question which is to know if the administration of justice was part of the international ordre public or a jus cogens norm. As a conclusion, it was found that international human rights conventions are not directly applicable to international criminal courts and that their extension to such sector requires an additional effort from the lawmakers; and that administration of justice was not a peremptory norm of international law; it is not part of the international ordre public and cannot serve as legal ground for FOE restriction.
L’éthos entrepreneurial de jeunes Européens à Mexico
Authors: Angrignon-Girouard Émilie
Published: November 2019

L’article présente une réflexion sur l’entrepreneuriat de petite taille en contexte de mobilité « Nord-Sud ». Il se penche sur le cas de jeunes Européens, âgés de 25 à 35 ans, de classe moyenne et oeuvrant dans la métropole de Mexico, en s’appuyant sur les résultats préliminaires d’une recherche ethnographique combinant observations et entrevues semi-dirigées. Ces résultats suggèrent qu’un éthos entrepreneurial valorisant l’autonomie, la créativité et l’innovation est au coeur des projets professionnels de ces jeunes. Alors que la littérature sur l’entrepreneuriat en contexte migratoire se concentre sur les liens familiaux, ethniques et transnationaux développés par les migrants, cet article démontre que le projet entrepreneurial des participants prend forme plutôt à travers l’expression de leur individualité.
Discours de jeunes issus de groupes minoritaires sur les inégalités scolaires au Québec
Authors: Magnan Marie-Odile , Pilote Annie , Collins Tya , Kamanzi Pierre Canisius
Published: November 2019

Au Canada, malgré la massification de l’enseignement supérieur, des inégalités de persévérance persistent. Au Québec, des recherches ont permis d’identifier les régions de provenance des jeunes pour lesquels le taux de décrochage au secondaire et au postsecondaire est plus élevé, entre autres les Caraïbes et l’Amérique centrale et du Sud. Dans cette étude qualitative, une analyse inductive et rétrospective des récits de vie de 24 jeunes fréquentant le postsecondaire à Montréal, dont les parents sont nés dans les Caraïbes ou en Amérique latine, a été réalisée. Notre analyse critique relève les effets inégalitaires perçus de l’action scolaire et de l’environnement sur leur vécu. En conclusion, des pistes de réflexion sont évoquées afin de développer de manière systémique des pratiques d’équité.
Mitigation of Fiber Nonlinear Effects in 1.28 Tbps DQPSK Modulated DWDM System
Authors: Huszaník Tomáš , Turán Ján , Ovseník Ĺuboš
Published: November 2019

The main limitation factor of high capacity multichannel DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) systems are fiber nonlinear effects. The optical signal is severely degraded due to fiber nonlinear effects also known as Kerr fiber nonlinearity. Nonlinear effects under investigation are self-phase modulation (SPM) and cross-phase modulation (XPM). There are several methods to compensate these nonlinear distorts, some less or more effective. Nonlinear distort due to SPM and XPM can be effectively mitigated through implementation of optical DQPSK modulation over commonly used intensity modulation known as OOK (On-Off Keying). This paper presents a numerical simulation model of 1.28 Tbps DWDM system with optical DQPSK modulation. We present several scenarios and methods to mitigate fiber nonlinear effects including Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT). Linear and nonlinear effects are considered together, so we implement the inline FrFT module in the optical domain which causes a time-frequency plane rotation to mitigate combined linear and nonlinear effects. The performance of proposed 1.28 Tbps DQPSK modulated DWDM system is evaluated in term of bit error rate (BER) and Q factor value.
The Investment Justification Estimate and Techno-economic and Ecological Aspects Analysis of the University Campus Microgrid
Authors: Savic Nemanja , Katic Vladimir , Dumnic Boris , Milicevic Dragan , Corba Zoltan , Katic Nenad
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the plan and design of the idea of the microgrid at the Faculty of Technical Sciences in Novi Sad (FTN NS) in the university campus, which is based on the application of several different distributed energy sources. The main distributed energy sources used and planned for the distributed electricity generation in the microgrid “FTN NS” are the photovoltaic power plant with a nominal output of 9.6 kW, a photovoltaic power plant with a nominal output power of 16.3 kW, a wind power plant with a nominal output power of 2 kW, a cogeneration plant for combined heat and power production of the nominal output power of 10 kWe + 17.5 kWt, two electric vehicles of 4 kW and 2.5 kW power, and battery energy storage system with a total capacity of 36 kWh. The paper describes the main technical characteristics, the estimation of electricity generation and the estimation of the amount of non-polluted gaseous greenhouse effect for each distributed source of energy. In order to verify the justification of the application of the proposed microgrid concept, a detailed techno-economic and ecological analysis of the aspects of the application of distributed energy sources in the microgrid “FTN NS” was carried out in the paper.
On Sin and Sacrifice: How Intrinsic Religiosity and Sexual-Guilt Create Support for Martyrdom
Authors: Belanger Jocelyn J. , Kruglanski Arie W. , Kessels Ursula
Published: November 2019

The affective, behavioral, and cognitive influence of sexual sin is investigated in this research. In Study 1, we demonstrated that religious people watching erotic (vs. neutral) images reported greater sexual guilt, which in turn increased their willingness to self-sacrifice for a cause. Extending these results, in Study 2 we demonstrated that when recalling a time when they had committed a sexual sin (vs. no sin), people with an intrinsic religious orientation believe in a more punishing view of God (akin to the Old Testament), which in turn predicts the extent to which they engaged in painful sacrificial behavior. Overall, these results suggest that sexual sins motivate self-sacrifice to repent, especially among those with an intrinsic (vs. extrinsic) religious orientation.
Social-Demographic Factors Influencing Exclusive Breastfeeding Atitude among Working Nursing Mothers in Urban Areas of Ibadan, Oyo State
Authors: Ishola Ajibola Abdulrahamon , Adekunle Kenku Akeem , Temitope Aroyewun Folashade
Published: November 2019

The study investigates the social-demographic factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding predisposition among employed nursing mothers in the urban area of the Ibadan metropolis. The investigation embraced a cross-sectional survey plan. The targeted populace were mothers who have newborn children between 0-6 months old and living with family members, attending private or public hospitals in Ibadan North LGA, Oyo State. Three hundred (300) urban nursing mothers were sample in the study through purposive sampling technique from among the nursing mothers attending immunization and postnatal clinics in private and public hospitals. The average age was 30.33 years (SD = 5.8). The average number of pregnancies experienced was 4.56 (SD = 2.34). 2.1% were single, 76.9% were married, 15.15 separated, and 5.5% were widowed. The average family size was 6.92 ± 2.11. The Nursing mothers responded to questionnaires probing for socio-demographic characteristics and Attitude towards exclusive breast-feeding scale (α = .71). The Objectives of the study were tested Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) at 0.05 level of significance. Socio-demographic characteristics on attitude towards exclusive breastfeeding behavior (R2 = 0.30, F (9,236) = 9.82, p < .01). Maternal age (β = -.26, t = -3.80) and parity (β = -.31, t = -3.83) predicted nursing mothers on attitude towards exclusive breastfeeding behavior. It was advised that Health care specialists must be alive to their obligations in infant nutritional instruction and health advancement to the mothers of under-fives and the overall general public.
Research is born free and everywhere is in chains
Authors: Terry Robert Fraser
Published: November 2019

The open access movement has come a long way since its origins at the end of the 1990s but we still haven’t achieved the tipping point to make the open access approach, the normal approach. Why are initiatives such as Plan S needed and why did the World Health Organization feel it necessary to join?

This talk will draw on experiences at Wellcome Trust and WHO, implementing the first open access policy for a European Research funder, creating Europe PubMed Central and developing a policy that works for a United Nations agency. Robert will outline why achieving open access requires addressing barriers across political, technical and cultural barriers – with perhaps the culture of research assessment and reward needing the biggest change if we are to truly democratise science so that the people who pay for the research, the taxpayers, can access, read and use the research.