bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histological Changes of Selected Organs of West African Dwarf Sheep Fed Boiled Baobab Seed Meal Supplement
Authors: D.O Okunlola , T.Y Ojo , A.A Fasola , E.O Adegbehingbe
Published: October 2024

The histology of selected organs of twenty four (24) Male West African dwarf sheep was investigated. The animals were randomly distributed to four dietary treatments, each treatment had six (6) replicates in a completely randomised design, under a good animal procedures for twelve (12) weeks. Four (4) experimental diets T1, T2, T3 and T4 tagged Baobab Seed meal (BSM) at inclusion levels of 0%, 2%, 4% and 6%, respectively was offered to the experimental animals. Representative from each treatment was randomly selected and weighed before slaughter to collect selected tissue samples (testis, liver, spleen and tracheal) for histopathological examinations. The inclusion of BSM in the diet of WAD sheep at 4% caused a ruptured seminiferous tubules and release of immature sperm cells, with liver lesion that reflects large and small fat vacuoles (steatosis), a characteristic of focal nodular hyperplasia or hepatocellular carcinomia. The sinusoids were not well defined surrounded by eosinophilic particles. The results also showed the presence of normal lymphoid follicles with a germinal centre, cartilage of trachea with areas of hyaline chondrocytes depletion as well as loss of mucosa layers were observed for WAD sheep at 4% inclusion level. At 2% inclusion levels, normal characteristics of a normal animal were observed on selected tissue samples. The experimental diets at 2% inclusion levels showed normal seminiferous tubules with the release of mature sperm cells; no lesion was observed, the testis, liver, spleen and tracheal were all normal. 2% inclusion level of BSM had positive effects on the experimental animals and a such recommended for inclusion in the diets of WAD sheep.
Analysis of the Priority Elements on Common Society According to the Thoughts of Yusuf Al-Qaradawi
Authors: Halim Ismail Abdul , Zaid Mustafar Mohd
Published: October 2024

This article discusses the priority elements for common society in the aspects of knowledge and thought according to Yusuf al-Qaradawi’s views in his book “Fi Fiqh al-’Awlawiyyah wa Dirasah Jadidah fi ḍau’i al-Qur’an wa Sunnah”. As Al-Qaradawi points out, knowledge is not only the privilege of scholars and intellectuals, but it is also an obligation of every individual, including the common men. This study utilizes a qualitative research method where the works of al-Qaradawi are analyzed in a descriptive approach. Important aspects stressed are the preference of action to knowledge, knowledge to memory, the purpose of the Shariah to its texts, and ijtihad to taqleed (imitation). The study finds that each of these priority elements not only elevates an individual’s status in the sight of God but also nurtures a wiser, more critical, and competitive society in various aspects of life. This article provides guidance for the common society on how to understand and apply the prioritization of knowledge in daily life in line with Shariah demands and current realities.
AI Integration in Malaysian Public Administration for Improved Governance
Authors: Firdaus Dr Ummi Farhani binti , Roslan Nurul Aqmal bin , Saferdin W Fatimah Hanun binti Wan Mohamad , Zulkarnain Izyan Farhana binti , Samasu Nur Farhani binti
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies within Malaysia’s public administration, focusing on the implications for governance quality, decision-making efficiency, and public service delivery. The research utilizes a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with key stakeholders in public administration, to evaluate the extent of AI adoption and its impact across different administrative sectors. The findings reveal that while there is a growing interest and investment in AI technologies, significant barriers such as limited technical expertise, regulatory challenges, and infrastructural constraints continue to impede widespread adoption. Moreover, the study highlights the variations in AI integration between different sectors, with manufacturing and e-commerce showing higher adoption rates compared to areas like health and education. This discrepancy underscores the need for a more targeted approach in policy formulation to address sector-specific challenges. The study also explores the broader social and economic implications of AI integration, particularly in how it affects public trust and transparency in governance. Results indicate that effective AI deployment can enhance public sector accountability and citizen engagement, but only if coupled with strong ethical guidelines and data governance frameworks. Furthermore, the research identifies a critical gap in digital literacy among public sector employees, suggesting that ongoing training and capacity-building initiatives are essential for maximizing AI’s benefits. The study concludes with recommendations for policymakers, emphasizing the importance of fostering cross-sector collaborations, developing comprehensive regulatory frameworks, and investing in digital infrastructure to support sustainable AI integration. This research contributes to the broader understanding of digital transformation in public administration and offers a roadmap for enhancing public sector efficiency and governance outcomes in Malaysia, positioning the country as a leader in digital governance within the ASEAN region.
Multidimensional Poverty: Complementary Measure to Absolute and Relative Poverty
Authors: Othman Muhammad Hanif , Rosli Zouhair Mohd , Muhammad Mohd Hilal
Published: October 2024

Poverty is a complex issue that involves more than just income levels, affecting various aspects of life such as health, education, and living conditions. The ongoing discussion about how to measure poverty, whether through absolute or relative terms, reflects the challenges in assessing it. Absolute poverty is based on a set standard that focuses on meeting basic needs for survival, while relative poverty looks at income disparities within a society. This study explores existing research on multidimensional poverty and examines the debate between absolute and relative poverty measures, considering their respective advantages and disadvantages. A notable conclusion from the research is that multidimensional poverty indices (MPIs), like the Multidimensional Poverty Index, provide a broad view of deprivation by including multiple factors. MPIs help policymakers design more targeted interventions in areas such as education, healthcare, and living standards. However, absolute poverty measures, such as the World Bank’s $1.90-per-day threshold, are still essential for tracking extreme poverty in developing nations, offering a clear benchmark for international comparisons. In contrast, relative poverty measures are particularly relevant in wealthier nations, where inequality and social exclusion are more prominent factors in poverty. This study highlights gaps in how these different approaches are integrated and calls for further research to improve models that address both absolute and relative poverty. The findings suggest that combining multidimensional, absolute, and relative poverty measures is important for fully understanding poverty and creating effective strategies to reduce it, adapted to the needs of specific regions and contexts.
The Guidance of Nyakyusa Sayings in Building Consciousness Against AIDS
Authors: Mwangosi Gerephace
Published: October 2024

This article examines the guidance of sayings in building consciousness against AIDS in the Nyakyusa community in Tanzania. What has been investigated is the way sayings are used to guide the community about issues related to AIDS in the community. The target sampling method was used to find study areas and respondents. Three wards were selected in (Rungwe district in the Mbeya region, Tanzania. The respondents were found in Kandete (Mwela village), Luteba (Isale village) and Mpombo (Lusanje village) wards. The sample of defendants was representative of all groups in the selected wards. A review of the documents used to clarify and verify the primary data were found through electronic and library means. The analysis and discussion of the data accessible was guided by Sociological theory. The investigated results were presented descriptively. The results show that sayings have a great role to guide the community through building consciousness against the AIDS virus. Therefore, the article concludes that it is the responsibility of every member of a specific society to be well-informed about AIDS.
Vocational and Technical Education Training: Panacea to Youth Unemployment and Poverty Alleviation in Nigeria
Authors: Kareem, W. B. Kareem, W. B. , Sanni   T. A Sanni   T. A , Musa S. Musa S. , Ushe Ismaila Ibrahim
Published: October 2024

The youth unemployment in Nigeria needs an urgent attention of educational stake holders if the future of Nigeria youths is of paramount importance to the nation. The purpose of this study is to use Vocational and Technical Education as a way forward to eradicate youth unemployment in Nigeria. While the objectives were to determine the principal factors responsible for youths unemployment and how Vocational and Technical Education can be used to solve the problem. Two research questions were formulated to guide the study while two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significant. The population of the study was four hundred and eighty five who are youth and adult were captured from North central Nigeria. Two experts from the department of Industrial and Technology Education, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria, validated the instrument. The study adopted a descriptive survey design, while instrument used was a 30 items questionnaire to obtain data from the respondents. Mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the data collected. Finding of the study shows that attention should be given to youth’s unemployment in Nigeria so as to reduce the level of unemployment if not totally eliminated. This will prevent youth from becoming a menace to the society. To achieve this, Nigeria youths needs to learn skills in vocational and technical education for self-reliance. Based on these findings, it was recommended that all three tiers of Nigeria government that is, federal, states and local government needs to equip vocational and technical colleges throughout the country. Emphasis needed to be given to recruitment of quality human resources to teach in these colleges so as to impact the needful knowledge and skills to Nigeria youths.
The Evolution of Circular Economy: A Literature Review on Sustainability Transitions and Challenges
Authors: Shaharudin Mohd Rizaimy , Abdullah Dahlan , Zainoddin Amir Imran , Legino Rafeah , Wararatchai Preecha
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is to conduct a comprehensive literature review on Circular Economy and Sustainability. The review identifies significant gaps in the understanding of Circular Economy’s implementation, as well as the multifaceted challenges associated with transitioning from linear to circular models. The study highlights key developments, transitions, and challenges within Circular Economy literature, including barriers and enablers across different sectors, providing insights into the factors that facilitate successful transitions. By pinpointing critical gaps in existing research, this review sheds light on the key drivers of Circular Economy transitions and suggests pathways for overcoming the challenges that impede the global adoption of Circular Economy practices. Future research in Circular Economy should prioritize addressing barriers to implementation, such as market dynamics, consumer behavior, and regulatory obstacles, while also exploring innovative technologies and their applications in various sectors. By promoting interdisciplinary and cross-industry collaboration, Circular Economy research can help build a more sustainable and resilient economic future.
Quimioprevención primaria de la preeclampsia: Revisión narrativa de literatura
Authors: Barrera-Guzmán Cristhian , Guzmán-Villanueva Eileen , López-Quisobony Ingrid , Parra-Urquijo Juan
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Realizar una búsqueda de literatura actualizada sobre medidas de quimioprevención primaria de preeclampsia. Material y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Pubmed, Cochrane y Lilacs para identificar documentos que incluyeran cualquiera de los siguientes términos de búsqueda o combinación de los mismos: preeclampsia, prevención, medicamentos, y quimioprevención. Se escogieron artículos completos de los últimos cinco años sin restricción del lenguaje. Se incluyeron los artículos originales que en el título, resumen o texto completo tuvieran cualquiera de los términos de búsqueda. Se excluyeron aquellos artículos no escritos en inglés o español. Tres de los investigadores aplicaron los criterios de elegibilidad a cada uno de los artículos y los desacuerdos fueron resueltos con la intervención de otros dos integrantes del grupo de investigadores. Resultados: Siguiendo las pautas de búsqueda se obtuvieron alrededor de 236 artículos de los cuales 62 cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad. Los artículos seleccionados corresponden a ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis. Conclusión: La preeclampsia es una de las causas con mayor mortalidad global, motivo por el cual varias estrategias enfocadas a la prevención de la misma han sido propuestas, una de ellas es la terapéutica farmacológica. La administración baja de aspirina y de otros agentes antiplaquetarios han demostrado en el momento la moyr evidencia en prevenir la preeclampsia, sin embargo se han propuesto la actividad de otros micronutrientes como los son el ácido fólico y el calcio los cuales sugieren más estudios para definir dicho efecto. Finalmente se propone el efecto de otros agentes como los son las estatinas, los inhibidores de la bomba de protones, la metformina y los agentes de biológicos, en dónde ensayos clínicos en proceso están buscando su efectividad no sólo en el tratamiento y mejoras de las complicaciones de la preeclampsia, sino también en su prevención.
Abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico de la pancreatitis aguda durante el embarazo
Authors: Quiñonez-Corado Josseline , Sosa-Arellano Celeste , Elias-Vega Paula , Salatino-Díaz Adrián
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Determinar el abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico de la pancreatitis aguda durante el embarazo. Material y métodos: se realizó una revisión exhaustiva de artículos de revista y libros de texto especializados en embarazo y cirugía desde el año 2012 hasta el 2022. Se utilizaron bases de datos y motores de búsqueda como BVS, PubMed, Hinari, Medline, Scielo, Google Académico, UptoDate. La revisión incluyó artículos de revisión, estudios observacionales, reportes de caso, metaanálisis y guías de práctica clínica, en español e inglés. Los criterios de inclusión se centraron en estudios sobre mujeres embarazadas de 18-40 años con pancreatitis aguda. Resultados: los cambios fisiológicos durante el embarazo aumentan la predisposición a experimentar pancreatitis aguda. El enfoque terapéutico debe ser individualizado y multidisciplinario. Las estrategias de tratamiento pueden variar según la gravedad de la condición, la etapa del embarazo y las causas subyacentes. Conclusión: los avances recientes en la comprensión de la pancreatitis aguda en el embarazo han llevado a una reducción significativa de menos del 5% de la mortalidad materno-fetal. A pesar de esto, faltan guías clínicas específicas. Se necesita más investigación para desarrollar protocolos de tratamiento estandarizados que puedan optimizar los resultados tanto para la madre como para el feto.
INSTAGRAM: UMA MANEIRA EFETIVA NA DIVULGAÇÃO DA “MARCA PMPR”
Authors: Henrique da Cruz Hahn Pedro
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo busca realizar um aprofundamento teórico verificando como a rede social Instagram, por meio de seus insights — análise de dados que fornece o desempenho da conta —, pode se tornar uma ferramenta essencial para atrair o público que acompanha as notícias Institucionais e, consequentemente, auxiliar para que haja uma maior divulgação de resultados, ações operacionais e comunitárias realizadas pela Polícia Militar do Paraná (PMPR). Deste modo, estudando a realidade dos seguidores, principalmente quanto aos tipos de assuntos que mais prendem suas atenções, a PMPR e suas Unidades subordinadas conseguirão melhorar o engajamento e visibilidade das suas mídias, tendo feedbacks em tempo real. Em outras palavras, é possível selecionar qual tipo de divulgação desperta maior interesse nos internautas, em cada conta vinculada à Instituição, para que seja aumentada exponencialmente a boa imagem da Polícia Militar do Paraná.
Antecedents of Travel Advisories on Performance of the Hotel Industry in Kenya: A Case of Five-Star Hotels in Nairobi County
Authors: Gakonyo Jane , Kihara Allan
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The general objective of this study was to examine the antecedents of travel advisories on the performance of the hotel industry in Kenya by focusing on five-star hotels in Nairobi County. The specific objectives that guided the study were to examine the effect of political instability advisory, pandemic advisory and terrorism advisory on the performance of five-star hotels in Nairobi County.
Methodology: The explanatory research design was employed in this study. The population of this study were the managers of five-star hotels in Nairobi County and were 426 in total. A stratified sample technique was employed in the study, while Simple Random Sampling (SRS) was used to select samples from each study stratum. The Yamane formula was applied is selecting 206 respondents who made the sample size of the study. The study used primary data that was gathered using self-administered and structured questionnaires. These questionnaires were pilot tested for reliability, and were distributed electronically for data collection. Descriptive and inferential analyses were applied during analysis and both tables and figures were used to display the findings.
Findings: The results of the study showed that guest safety was a significant element for guests when choosing a destination to visit. Correlation analysis revealed that there existed a significant and negative statistical association between political instability advisory and hotel performance. The regression coefficients showed that a unit increase in political instability advisory provided resulted in a 37.7% decrease in performance of five-star hotels in Nairobi County. The outcome of the study indicated that hotels observed precipitous declines in occupancy rates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Correlation analysis showed that there existed a significant and negative statistical association between pandemic advisory and hotel performance. Regression coefficients indicated that a unit increase in pandemic advisory provided resulted in a 57.7% decrease in performance of five-star hotels in Nairobi County. The findings of the study revealed that a lack the resources had turned the attention of terrorists to target luxury hotels. Correlation analysis demonstrated that there existed a significant and negative statistical association between terrorism advisory and hotel performance. The study concludes that political incidents had a serious effect on the hotels’ performance compared to natural disasters since guest safety was a significant element when choosing a destination to visit.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study recommends the managers of five-star hotels in Nairobi County use available media both digital and traditional to provide factual information to their potential guests during times of political unrest. They need to create flexible corporate policies that would allow them to face new circumstances.
The Role of AI and IoT in Seed Harvest and Agriculture Biotechnology
Authors: Sehar Allwin Ebinesar Jacob Samuel , Sivashankar Shilpa , M Ismail Shareef , CV Pramod Kumar , R Ranjitha , Maga Shreya , Srirangam V Lalith Srivatsa
Published: October 2024

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) is revolutionizing agriculture, particularly in seed harvest and biotechnology. These technologies enhance precision farming by offering data-driven solutions for crop monitoring, disease detection, and resource management. This chapter explores how AI and IoT optimize seed harvest, improve crop yields, and promote sustainable farming. AI analyzes data on soil health, weather, and crops, aiding better decisions in planting, irrigation, and fertilization, while IoT devices provide real-time environmental data. The synergy between AI and IoT improves resource allocation and crop management. Examples from the Netherlands and India demonstrate their success in boosting yields and controlling pests. Despite challenges like high costs and technical expertise, ongoing advancements will support wider adoption. In conclusion, AI and IoT significantly improve agricultural efficiency, productivity, and sustainability, contributing to global food security.
Predicting Hair Loss with AI: A Deep Learning Framework Combining Genetic and Scalp Health Data
Authors: Pandikumar S , Sevugapandi N , M Arun
Published: October 2024

Hair loss, affecting millions globally, stems from complex interactions between genetic, hormonal, environmental, and lifestyle factors.In this study, we propose a deep learning-based approach to predict hair loss by integrating various data sources, including genetic markers, hormonal profiles, scalp health, and lifestyle information. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are employed for feature extraction from high-resolution scalp images, enabling the identification of thinning patterns and follicle health. Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), specifically Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, are utilized to model temporal sequences of lifestyle and health data, capturing longitudinal patterns in hair loss progression.
Anti-Bacterial Potential of Multi-strain Probiotics Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (Strain Dad-13 and FNCC-0250) and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMRMP-001 against Escherichia coli FNCC-0091 In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Ariska Devi , Mayangsari Yunika , Rahayu Endang Sutriswati , Suroto Dian Anggraini , Saputra Wahyu Dwi
Published: October 2024

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Dad-13, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum FNCC-0250 and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMRMP-001 are probiotics strain isolated from Indonesian local and traditional fermented foods. This study aims to evaluate the administration of multi-strain probiotics at dose of 109 CFU/mL/day for 14 days against the diarrhea-causing bacteria Escherichia coli FNCC-0091 at a dose of 1011 CFU/mL/day. Thirty rats were randomized and the divided into 5 groups, including control group, skim milk group, single-strain group, multi-strain group and E. coli group. Antibacterial activity was analyzed in vitro, feed intake, body weight were analyzed, microbial analysis was carried out on feces and cecum, short chain fatty acids were analyzed and intestinal morphology was measured. The result showed that the single-strain and multi-strain inhibition zone in in vitro test produces a very strong inhibitory potential (> 9 mm). The number of L. plantarum and L. paracasei increased and the number of E. coli decreased significantly in the feces and cecum of Rat indicating the survival rate of the probiotic bacteria in the digestive tract and their ability to fight pathogenic bacteria. The concentration of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid compounds also increased, indicating that the digestive tract is at a low pH so that it can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in rats. In addition, consumption of multi-strain probiotics does not have a negative effect on intestinal morphology. The conclusion is that multi-strain probiotics are able to inhibit pathogenic bacteria in vivo and in vitro.
HIGHLIGHTS

Multi-strain probiotics isolated from traditional Indonesian fermented foods can reduce the potential for diarrhea.
Single-strain and multi-strain have the same effectiveness in inhibiting pathogenic bacteria as seen from the growth of the bacteria.
Digestive conditions were damaged in rat that were not given probiotic intervention, but when they received probiotic intervention, digestive conditions improved.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Effect of Drying Methods and Harvest Age on the Quality of Sliced Tiwai Onion (Eleutherine americana Merr) as A Potential Functional Food
Authors: Rachmawati Maulida , Murdianto Wiwit , Suprapto Hadi , Apriadi Rimbawan , Ramadhani Novandi Eka , Apriliato Dwi Krisno , Istianah Lailatus , Badhawi Muhammad Khafi , Saragih Bernatal
Published: October 2024

Tiwai onion (Eleutherine americana L. Merr) is renowned for therapeutic properties due to the bioactive constituents, including polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize water content, ash, fat, protein, polyphenol, flavonoid, tannin, and antioxidant capacity, as well as to observe the functional groups and morphology of dried tiwai powder. The methodology comprised 2 factors, namely harvest age and drying methods. The results showed significant effects of harvest age and drying methods on water, fat, total phenol, total flavonoid, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant capacity, while ash, protein, and tannin content were not significantly affected. In Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, changes in functional groups were observed, although not significant in wave numbers range of 1,800 - 1,350 and 1,200 - 950 cm−1. Specifically, an increase was observed in signals from C-C, C-O, and C-O-C vibrations. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) at 1000x magnification showed that air drying at 5 months of harvest age produced dense granules, while electric oven and microwave drying of older harvests led to a flatter structure and crumbly texture.
HIGHLIGHTS

Tiwai Onion's Medicinal Properties: Tiwai onion (Eleutherine americana Merr) is traditionally used in Indonesia for its medicinal properties, including high levels of polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins, which contribute to its antioxidant potential, protecting cells from free radicals and supporting overall health.
Impact of Drying Methods: The study compares three drying methods-air, electric oven, and microwave-on the water content and bioactive compounds in tiwai. Microwave drying is shown to preserve bioactive compounds like phenols and flavonoids better, while air drying is more suited for heat-sensitive products.
Chemical Content Variability: The drying method and harvest age significantly affect the chemical composition of tiwai, including water, fat, protein, and phenolic content. Microwave drying at 5 and 7 months resulted in the highest total phenol content, while air drying retained the most flavonoids at 9 months.
Antioxidant Capacity: Despite the different drying methods, no significant variation was observed in the antioxidant capacity of tiwai at different harvest ages. However, microwave drying shows promising results in preserving the active compounds and antioxidant properties.
Microstructural Effects: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed that air drying leads to denser, irregular granules with lower solubility, while microwave drying creates more brittle, compact structures, improving solubility and rehydration capacity.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Unveiling the Potential of Hyptis Capitata and Hyptis Brevipes Compounds in Overcoming Apoptosis Resistance and Inducing Targeted Cell Cycle Arrest in Breast Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Suzery Meiny , Cahyono Bambang , Amalina Nur Dina
Published: October 2024

Breast cancer stem cells (CSC), as a kind of tumor cells, are able to regenerate themselves, leading to apoptosis resistance and cancer relapse. In this study, we investigated the potential of Hyptis Capitata and Hyptis Brevipes compounds in preventing apoptosis resistance and inducing targeted cell cycle arrest in CSC. The cytotoxic effects of the compounds were evaluated using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis induction were assessed through flow cytometry analysis. The phytochemical characterization of Hyptis bravipes extract (HBE) and Hyptis capitata extract (HCE) conducted under thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The results revealed that Hyptis Brevipes extract (HBE) exhibited strong cytotoxicity towards CSCs, with an IC50 value of 89 µg/mL. In contrast, Hyptis Capitata extract (HCE) showed weak growth inhibition, with an IC50 value greater than 500 µg/mL. Subsequent analysis demonstrated that HBE induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M and S phases and significantly increased apoptosis in the CSC population. Furthermore, phytochemical characterization using TLC and HPLC revealed that HBE and HCE share similar constituent compounds, with HBE exhibiting a more diverse compound content and stronger cytotoxic effects. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential of Hyptis Capitata and Hyptis Brevipes compounds as targeted agents against breast cancer stem cells and contribute to understanding their chemical profiles and pharmacological properties.
HIGHLIGHTS

Hyptis brevipes extract induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M and S phases.
Cytotoxicity of Hyptis brevipes leading to apoptosis induction on CSC
Hyptis brevipes significantly targeted Breast Cancer Stem Cells

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
The Effect of LED Lighting Durations on Growth, Yield and Quality of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under Greenhouse Condition
Authors: Pham Van Quang , Pham Minh Tan , Nguyen Van Thuan , Nguyen Van Phuoc , Nguyen Dang Khoa Duong , Vo Xuan Huyen , Thi Thu Hau Nguyen , Duong Van Nha
Published: October 2024

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) show promise as a radiation source for intensive crop cultivation systems, especially for vegetables in the greenhouse. Regarding mustard greens, most studies have investigated the effects of LED lights at the seedling stage under chamber conditions for microgreens not addressed throughout their growing period up to harvest. Therefore, this study is focused to evaluate the effect of additional LED lighting time from 6 pm on the growth, yield and quality of mustard greens under a greenhouse in Kien Giang province as a typical tropical region. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with 3 replications, from August 1st to September 18th, 2023. Four treatments: AL0, AL2, AL4 and AL6 correspond to lighting durations of 0, 2, 4 and 6 h of LED light, which includes a combination of 3 white lights: 1 pink light, 58 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD, and a Blue (18 %): Green (41 %): Red (41 %) ratio. Results showed that AL4 had the most significant positive impact on mustard plant growth, with higher dry and fresh weight, plant height, leaf width and length. However, AL6 inhibited most parameters except leaf number. Additionally, under AL4 conditions, mustard allocated more biomass to leaves, while those under AL6 conditions allocated more biomass to stems. In terms of quality, LED lighting duration negatively influenced protein content. For instance, AL0 showed the significantly greatest protein value (2.87 ± 0.08 g·kg−1) compared to others. Apart from AL0, AL6 had a considerably higher value of protein content (2.58 ± 0.2 g·kg−1) compared to AL2 (1.74 ± 0.04 g·kg−1) and AL4 (2.17 ± 0.07 g·kg−1). The additional durations of LED lighting influenced mature mustard greens’ morphology, physiology and quality, providing valuable scientific information for improving vegetable quality and quantity in tropical zones.
HIGHLIGHTS

4 hours of additional LED light had the most significant positive impact on mustard plant growth, with higher dry and fresh weight, plant height, leaf width, and length. Additionally, leaf number increased under 6 hours of additional LED light.
Under 4 hours of additional LED light, mustard allocated more biomass to leaves, while those under 6 hours of additional LED light allocated more biomass to stems.
Lighting with LED resulted in a lower protein value, and different durations of LED lighting resulted in varying protein content values.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Improvement of Hygienic and Phytochemical Qualities of Mangosteen (Garcinia Mangostana) Peel by Irradiation
Authors: Eamsiri Jaruratana , Pewlong Wachiraporn , Sajjabut Surasak , Chookaew Sirilak , Khemtong Khemruji , Photinam Ratchaneeporn , Prakongsil Punchalee
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of gamma ray and x-ray irradiation at different dose levels 95, 10, 15 and 20 kGy) on in mangosteen peel. The antioxidant activities were assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), while total phenolic contents and antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli of 60 % ethanolic mangosteen powder extracts were analyzed. The results indicated that both types of ionizing radiations showed a non-significant decrease in measured parameters with increasing doses. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of irradiated mangosteen peel extracted against S. aureus and E. coli ranged from 0.125 to 2.0 mg/mL. The quantity of bioactive compound mangostin determined via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), did not show significant decrease with different irradiation sources and doses. In microbiological aspect, total yeast and mold from both irradiation sources were reduced by 1 log cycle after irradiation at 5 kGy. The irradiation induced color changes corresponding to Hunter color L a b value. X-ray irradiation caused slight color alteration compared to gamma rays. The advantage of x-ray irradiation was that it revealed non-significant changes in b values, whereas gamma irradiation showed the significant change in L, and b values with increasing dosage. The x-ray irradiation at the dose 5 kGy effectively decreased microbial contamination while causing minimal changes to phytochemical qualities and color.
HIGHLIGHTS

Irradiation at 5 kGy was sufficient to control microbial contamination
There were no significant changes in antioxidant activities (DPPH, FRAP), a-mangostin contents, total phenolic contents (TPC) and antibacterial activities: after irradiation up to 20 kGy
X-ray irradiation was an excellent alternative to gamma irradiation for decontamination with a non-significant alteration in b values.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
A Novel’s Evidence of MSG-Induced Craniofacial Defects in Chick Embryo Models
Authors: Pintarasri Suriyan , Santiparadon Manutsanun , Kamnate Anusara , Naktubtim Chonnapat , Koomsang Thidarat , Payuhakrit Witchuda
Published: October 2024

Monosodium glutamate (MSG), commonly used as an additive food enhancer, has been reported to have teratogenic effects on the embryo during development. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of MSG-induced teratogenicity, focusing on craniofacial formation in the chick embryo model. One hundred eighty fertilized eggs were divided into control and MSG groups. The chemicals were administered, and the results were investigated in 3-day-old embryos (ED-3), ED-6, and ED-10. The morphology and histology of craniofacial structures were studied using a stereomicroscope and light microscopy. The neural crest cells (NCCs) were investigated by the immunostaining technique. The results showed that a dose of 3 mg of MSG induced anterior neuropore opening and eye malformation in ED-3, and this was clearly demonstrated in ED-6. MSG also caused craniofacial bone malformation and delayed calcification in ED-10. Moreover, MSG induced apoptosis of NCCs and reduced the proliferation of NCCs in the craniofacial structures. These findings are the 1st report to demonstrate the teratogenicity of high doses of MSG-induced craniofacial defects in chick embryos during organogenesis.
HIGHLIGHTS

Monosodium glutamate exposure causes craniofacial defects in chick embryos.
The functions of the neural crest cells were abrogated due to monosodium glutamate-induced teratogenesis, which led to birth defects.
The experimental protocols benefit teratogenicity studies, and the results can be applied to future studies to elucidate the causes of birth defects during organogenesis.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
ANALYSIS OF PERIODIC SELF-ASSESSMENTS WITHIN THE SCOPE OF HEALTH QUALITY STANDARDS IN TERMS OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT AS A PREVENTIVE ACTIVITY: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Authors: Devebakan Nevzat , Durmuş Alkan
Published: October 2024

This study aims to investigate the effects of periodic self-assessments on materials management within the framework of quality management in healthcare. The retrospective study, conducted in a university hospital, evaluates the effectiveness of quality improvement initiatives and compliance with health standards, while examining in detail the effects of these processes on materials management. It also investigates how self-assessment processes improve healthcare service delivery and contribute to materials management processes. Problems identified through Fishbone and Pareto analysis are examined, prioritised and solutions are developed. The findings obtained aim to improve material management processes and increase quality standards in health. The main purpose of the research is to examine the effects of periodic self-assessments on materials management in order to improve the quality of healthcare services. The findings emphasise the importance of maintaining quality standards in health services and systematic handling of periodic self-assessments. Problems identified by Fishbone and Pareto analysis are analysed by root cause analysis and solutions are developed. This approach aims to contribute to the development of materials management processes and to the improvement of quality standards in healthcare. The results of the research are an important guide for practitioners, managers and policy makers in the fields of quality management and materials management in health services.
Bibliometric and Content Analysis of Articles on Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Authors: Türkmen İbrahim , Söyler Arif , Aliyev Seymur , Semiz Tarık
Published: October 2024

The use of artificial intelligence in the healthcare sector is becoming widespread for reasons such as analyzing digital patient data, including it in decision-making processes, improving the quality of healthcare services, and providing cost, time, and access advantages. This study aims to evaluate published articles on bibliometric indicators and the use of artificial intelligence in the healthcare sector and examine the content of the most cited articles. Articles about artificial intelligence in the health sector in the Web of Science database were included in the study using the criteria of “keyword, publication year, and publication language”. The research covers 2,680 articles published in English by 14,195 authors from 106 countries in 1084 journals between 2020-2024. 4,671 different keywords were used in the published articles. The country that published the most was “USA”, the journal was “Journal of Medical Internet Research”, the author was “Meng Ji”, and the most cited author was “Weihua Li”. The 55 most cited (≥50) articles focused on themes related to “diagnosis of COVID-19 disease”, “diagnosis of diseases”, “detection and classification of cancerous cells”, “identification of disease risk factors and disease prediction”, “prediction of treatment outcomes”, “prediction of disease course”, “personalized treatment recommendations”, “decision-making processes”, “ethical considerations, risks, and responsibilities”. With the COVID-19 pandemic, it is seen that the number of articles on artificial intelligence in the healthcare sector has increased exponentially. In the research, articles related to artificial intelligence in the health sector were examined, and a framework was created for researchers by revealing the most publishing countries, journals, authors, most cited authors, and keywords that were used the most.
Growing Semiconductor Industry in India
Authors: Mrs M. V. Vibhute  , Mrs V. S. Yeole  , Prasad Sonar  , Jobin Biju
Published: October 2024

This paper delves into the growing semiconductor industry in India, and its importance in every aspect of present and future high data processing speed. Semiconductors are crucial electronic components for quantum computing, artificial intelligence (AI), medical devices, aerospace and defence systems, etc. Thus, the use of semiconductors for these most important and future ease concepts, this paper is an understanding approach to the growing importance of semiconductors in India
Attendance Marking using Face Detection
Authors: Hrushikesh Kale  , Kartik Aswar  , Kisan Yadav  , Dr. Yogesh Mali
Published: October 2024

The demand for automated attendance management systems has significantly increased in educational institutions and corporate environments where manual methods are prone to inefficiencies and errors. This paper presents a real-time, facial recognition-based attendance system developed using Flask, OpenCV, and machine learning techniques. The system employs OpenCV’s Haar Cascade classifier for face detection and the K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) algorithm for face recognition. During user registration, the system captures 10 images per individual to ensure robust recognition across various facial expressions. The web interface, built using Flask, facilitates user interaction for managing attendance records stored in CSV format. The system achieves an accuracy of 92% under optimal lighting conditions, though performance decreases to 80% in low-light environments. Recognition is completed in approximately 2 seconds, making the system suitable for real-time applications in classrooms or offices. Despite handling real-time image streaming efficiently, challenges such as reduced accuracy when handling obstructions like masks or glasses remain. Future enhancements will explore the integration of deep learning models, such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), to improve robustness and scalability. This system demonstrates the potential of facial recognition technology for automating attendance tracking, with significant applications in both educational and corporate sectors
A Comprehensive Review of Phishing Attack Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Mr. Vishal Borate  , Dr. Alpana Adsul  , Mr. Rohit Dhakane  , Mr. Shahuraj Gawade  , Ms. Shubhangi Ghodake  , Mr. Pranit Jadhav
Published: October 2024

Phishing attacks have become a significant cybersecurity concern, affecting millions of users and organizations by stealing confidential information. The rise of machine learning (ML) techniques has provided innovative ways to detect and mitigate phishing attacks. This review paper explores various ML algorithms, including Decision Trees (DT), Random Forest (RF), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), in detecting phishing attacks. Through a review of recent studies, it is evident that ML models such as RF can achieve high accuracy, up to 97%, in phishing detection. However, challenges such as evolving phishing strategies, data imbalance, and feature extraction remain critical issues. Future research directions should focus on deep learning models and real-time detection systems to enhance the robustness and effectiveness of phishing detection mechanisms
Ethics
Authors: Lazaridis Nikolaos
Published: October 2024

Ancient Egyptian ethical thought and action revolved around the notion of maat. Although there are no traces of a standard moral code surviving from ancient Egypt, moral principles are often reflected in the literature--especially works of wisdom literature, funerary books and songs, tomb biographies, and literary narratives. In these sources moral principles are mostly expressed in practical admonitions and general observations on everyday conduct, and are voiced by authoritative sages. Through the study of these sources one can observe the occurrence of a major change in ancient Egyptian ethical thought during the New Kingdom, when piety and religiosity became significant criteria for the judgment of the individual.
The Relationship Between Ghrelin and Iron Metabolism In Beta Thalassemia Major Patients
Authors: SARKAYA Nihan Cansel , UĞUR KURTOĞLU Ayşegül , UĞUR Sevcan , Göçer Mesut
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Studies in beta thalassemia major (β-TM) patients have shown that the responses of HIF2α, hepcidin and ferroportin molecules to high iron levels are impaired. In recent years, studies conducted in patients with iron deficiency anemia have investigated the relationship between ghrelin hormone and iron metabolism. In this study, we aimed to contribute to the etiopathogenesis of this disease by examining the changes in ghrelin hormone levels in patients with β-TM.

Material and methods

Fifty-two β-TM and 23 controls were included in our study. Blood counts, routine biochemical parameters, HIF2α, hepcidin and ghrelin levels were studied in blood samples taken from the volunteers.

Results

Erythrocyte indexes, serum bilirubin, iron, unsaturated iron binding capacity, total iron binding capacity and ferritin levels showed significant differences between two groups (p<0.05) . There was no significant difference between two groups for serum HIF2α and hepcidin levels. When two groups were compared, ghrelin levels were found to be significantly higher in patients (p<0.05). When the correlation between parameters was examined in all subjects, a weak positive correlation was found between ghrelin and HIF2α (r=0.263) (p<0.05) and a significant positive correlation was found between ghrelin and ferritin (r=0.417) (p<0.05).

Conclusions

Our study showed that there is a positive correlation between ghrelin and ferritin levels. Elevated ghrelin levels in patients with β-TM may have an important role in regulating impaired iron metabolism. Molecular level studies are needed to determine synthesis pathways.
Study on the Correlation between SLC39A8 Gene and Body Constitution-related Phenotypes and Hearing loss: Based on a Mendelian Randomization analysis
Authors: Li Dan , Xu Hui , Li Heng , Cheng Ying , Gao Ying , Zhang Xiaotong , Xu Min , Ma Weijun
Published: October 2024

Introduction

We examined the role of hearing functions as potential mediators in relationships between noise exposures and abnormal body constitution-related results. Additionally, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the causative connections between hearing problems and bodily composition.

Material and methods

Gene connections pertaining to phenotypes of hearing loss and body constitution were obtained from publically available summary data collected from adult population genome-wide association studies. Colocalization analysis was utilized to scrutinize the genetic associations pertaining to age-related hearing impairment (ARHI) liability and BMI within the SLC39A8 locus. For a comprehensive examination, we employed bi-directional MR encompassing both the 'forward' direction (from the composition of the body to hearing) and the 'reverse' direction.

Results

A common causative variable (rs13107325) for BMI and ARHI at the SLC39A8 locus was supported by colocalization analysis, which revealed that the two diseases shared the variant at the SLC39A8 gene. The forward analyses showed that body fat percentage (BFP) was significantly linked with the risk of ARHI [OR =0.95 (95% CI:0.93 to 0.98)] and that waist circumference (WC) was favorably associated with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) [OR=0.83 (95% CI:0.72 to 0.97)].

Conclusions

We couldn't find any proof to back up a causal relationship between constitution and HL in the reverse MR Analysis. Colocalization analysis recommended that SLC39A8 variant was often the source of high ARHI and BMI risk. In prospective MR, we discovered causal associations between WC and BFP with SNHL and ARHI, respectively. Therefore, our results suggest lipid metabolic abnormalities leading to adverse health outcome may lead to HL.