bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA FISIOTERAPIA NA DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER
Authors: Marinho Matheus Falcão Santos
Published: February 2020

A doença de Alzheimer tem uma característica evolutiva lenta e progressiva, levando a um declínio na capacidade funcional a longo prazo. Desta forma, é possível afirmar que esta doença pode ocasionar imobilidade e padrões de movimentos, assim contribuindo para o surgimento de mudanças no corpo do portador da doença.  O objetivo deste estudo é trazer evidências científicas sobre a atuação do fisioterapeuta e a sua importância na doença de Alzheimer. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs e Pedro referente aos últimos doze anos com as seguintes combinações de descritores: Fisioterapia and Doença de Alzheimer and Reabilitação e seus correspondentes em inglês: Physiotherapy and Alzheimer's Disease and Rehabilitation, totalizando assim 288 artigos.  Visto o que foi apresentado pela literatura é possível concluir que o fisioterapeuta é um profissional de suma importância para tratar os portadores com a Doença de Alzheimer, visto que o profissional de fisioterapia possui o conhecimento para tratar complicações advindas da patologia e possui conhecimentos para aplicar tratamentos específicos para cada indivíduo.
RELATO DAS ATIVIDADES PRÁTICAS EM UMA DISCIPLINA DE ESTUDO DO COMPORTAMENTO ANIMAL EM UM PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA PARAÍBA, BRASIL
Authors: Furtado Gil Dutra
Published: February 2020

O estudo do comportamento animal é um ramo das Ciências Biologia que pesquisa os animais em suas várias temáticas comportamentais. No decorrer da história da humanidade, observa-se o grande interesse que os povos sempre tiveram nesta temática, sendo estes bem retratados em diversos momentos, e que culminou na domesticação de várias espécies animais. As atividades desenvolvidas durante o curso de Pós-graduação em locais como o Parque Zoobotânico Arruda Câmara, o Aquário Paraíba bem como as atividades de pesquisa, colaboram para a formação de profissionais qualificados para compreender e contribuir na preservação do meio ambiente. Utilizando-se da etologia por meio das aulas de campo, sendo esta uma ferramenta de educação lúdica, mostrou-se ser muito importante para analisar a influência dos conceitos do Comportamento Animal sobre aspectos práticos da criação de animais em cativeiro. As aulas proporcionaram uma oportunidade de realizar uma análise crítica sobre muitos conceitos, sensibilizando os acadêmicos para a importância destes conhecimentos nas suas vertentes teóricas e práticas, que resulta na compreensão do bem-estar animal.
HOLIDAYS AT THE ZOO: KNOWING TO PRESERVE
Authors: Oliveira Filho Kleber Silva , Batista Cíntia Cleub Neves , Santos Gabrielle Diniz dos
Published: February 2020

Holidays are a period of significant movement in zoos as a whole due to their greater frequency and thus the knowledge of their services for the population, as well as the offer of possible environmental education practices by the professionals who are part of the staff of these environments. Thus, this work aims to provide a brief account of the importance of raising public awareness through zoos. It has a descriptive and bibliographic nature, with research being carried out on educational platforms through the internet and thus applying to the experience of the activities carried out at Park Arruda Câmara, located in the city of João Pessoa/PB, Brazil. The activities carried out by the professionals present (biologists, zootechnicians, ecologists) in the park were able to assist in several points aimed at environmental awareness of an educational nature, where in a playful way it could interact with both children and adults. These activities have a greater interaction during the holidays and can thus demonstrate greater effectiveness, due to the greater number of people reached. This can show us the greatness of the importance of environmental education in people's daily lives.
TARI DOLALAK SEBAGAI BENTUK PENDEKATAN KEARIFAN LOKAL DAN BUDAYA (KALBU) PADA MATA PELAJARAN BIOLOGI
Authors: ADINUGRAHA FAJAR
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) menjelaskan perkembangan Tari Dolalak di Kabupaten Purworejo, 2) menganalisis ranah nilai sikap, spiritual dan Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter (PPK) yang terkandung dalam Tari Dolalak, 3) menganalisis ranah pengetahuan Tari Dolalak yang diintegrasikan dalam pelajaran Biologi. Tari Dolalak merupakan tari yang berasal dari Kabupaten Purworejo yang merupakan bentuk akulturasi budaya. Metode penelitian merupakan studi pustaka studi pustaka dari beberapa literatur (analisis isi). Studi literatur dilakukan dengan menganalisis mengenai kearifan lokal dan budaya di kabupaten Purworejo yaitu Tari Dolalak. Tari Dolalak mengalami perkembangan antara lain: 1) jenis tarian, 2) syair, 3) pakaian/ kostum, 4) formasi pemain, dan 5) pementasan. Berdasarkan analisis 3 (tiga) syair Dolalak yaitu Jalan-Jalan, Ambil Kain, dan Pagi-Pagi, maka dapat dijelaskan bahwa Tari Dolalak mengandung nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam Kurikulum 2013 yaitu ranah sikap sosial dan spiritual yaitu jujur, disiplin, tanggung jawab, toleransi, gotong royong, santun, dan percaya diri. Selain itu, mengandung nilai Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter (PPK) yaitu  religius, nasionalisme, mandiri, gotong royong, dan integritas. Berdasarkan analisis gerakan dan perlengkapan Tari Dolalak, maka dapat dijelaskan bahwa Tari Dolalak dapat diintegrasikan dalam ranah pengetahuan dan keterampilan. Ranah pengetahuan dan keterampilan ini meliputi materi keanekaragaman hayati, plantae, animalia, dan sistem gerak. Kata kunci: tari dolalak, kearifan lokal dan budaya, pendekatan kalbu, biologi,                     kurikulum 2013
Sensing Harmful Gases in Industries Using IOT and WSN
Authors: S. Golait Snehal , Kumar Rishikesh , Pandey Twinkle , Pandey Komal
Published: February 2020

The degree of pollution has expanded with times by parcel of variables like the expansion in populace, expanded vehicle use, industrialization and urbanization, which brings about hurtful impacts on human prosperity by legitimately affecting soundness of populace presented to it. Poor environmental conditions can prompt serious medical issues. Destructive gases in hazardous environment influence these days individuals. The significant of this paper is watching unsafe environmental conditions for wellbeing applications. Right now itemized a study on toxic environment monitoring dependent on various innovations utilizing sensors.
Transmembrane Alpha Helix Prediction Using Neural Networks
Authors: Singh Saumitra
Published: February 2020

This paper presents a simple artificial neural network which classifies proteins into two classes from their sequences alone: the alpha helix transmembrane protein class and the non-alpha helix transmembrane protein class. The network described here has a simple feed-forward topology and a limited number of neurons which makes it very fast.
简析大气环境监测中的PM2.5现场监测
Authors: 陈 非
Published: February 2020

环境问题是当今国际社会的普遍问题,而大气污染又是重中之重,空气质量的监测及大气污染的治理是当前中国面临的重大问题。本文对PM2.5的监测进行分析。
探讨商务英语函电一体化教改
Authors: 陈 琳华
Published: February 2020

随着我国国际商务活动日益增多,对外贸易、对外投资、“一带一路”文化产业、跨境电商产业等高速增长,国家对国际商务英语人才的需求持续扩大,要求不断提高。在这一背景下,各高技跨境电商专业蓬勃发展。
浅析俄罗斯教育移民问题
Authors: 刘 璐璐 , 孟 令霞
Published: February 2020

随着经济全球化,赴国外留学的人数呈上升趋势。通过分析俄罗斯教育移民目前存在的问题及其解决方案,为我国发展教育移民提供借鉴,吸引更多教育移民来华,让我国在全球对外教育市场上占据一定地位。
论幼儿足球运动在实际教学中的应用研究
Authors: 刘 奕添
Published: February 2020

本文采用文献资料法、实地考察法等研究方法,对幼儿园开展足球游戏时应遵循的方法和原则及实际教学的问题进行探讨,并结合笔者幼儿足球教学经验,得出幼儿园开展幼儿足球游戏时,应考虑幼儿身心发展特点,选择趣味性强及活动量适中的足球游戏。才能到发展幼儿体能,培养幼儿足球兴趣的作用。
浅析互联网在家校共育中的有效应用
Authors: 米 飞娥
Published: February 2020

随着互联网、大数据、云计算等技术的发展,家校共育方式也正进行着一场巨变,QQ、微信、家校合作平台APP等现代网络应用系统和软件,为家校共育带来了新的契机。
汉英翻译中比喻的翻译研究——以张培基《英译中国现代散文选》为例
Authors: 朱 蕾
Published: February 2020

比喻作为一种重要的修辞手法,在汉语中的使用由来已久。比喻赋予语言以灵气和色彩,给读者留有想象、体会的空间。进行汉英翻译时,译者需要兼顾汉语比喻内涵和英语表达习惯。本文以张培基《英译中国现代散文选》为例,总结了不同类型的比喻的翻译策略及方法。
解析艺术设计史教学策略创新
Authors: 邓 丽玲
Published: February 2020

艺术设计史教学不仅是提高学生设计水平的重要方式,同时也是历史文化传承和发展的关键策略。不过随着时代的发展,传统艺术设计史的教学模式已无法适应现今发展需求,有必要对现有的教学模式进行创新优化,以突出艺术设计史教学的作用,提升学生理论及实践技能。
云南大学生民族文化社区建设的德育价值
Authors: 唐 贵宏
Published: February 2020

云南高校开展大学生德育工作需要与地方民族文化相结合,从大学生民族文化社区建设过程中挖掘地方民族文化的德育价值。云南民族种类较多,民族文化社区建设,一方面传承民族优秀传统文化,特别是要发扬与社会主义核心价值观相一致的云南地方民族优秀文化；另一方面探究众多的少数民族几千年来在云南这块土地上和睦相处、亲如兄弟姐妹的文化基因和德育价值。云南地方民族文化体现的道德教育是一个完整的道德教育体系。人生礼仪文化进行认知维层的道德教育,生活文化体现情感维层的道德教育,节庆文化体现交往维层的道德教育,生态文化体现责任维层的道德教育,禁忌文化体现着行为维层的道德教育,而综合起来进行的是民族团结、民族平等、各民族共同繁荣的“大德育”价值的教育。
多媒体时代图书信息服务工作探析
Authors: 王 德芝
Published: February 2020

伴随时代的发展与科技的进步,多媒体技术在图书馆中的应用越来越完善与成熟。将多媒体技术拓展应用到图书馆工作中,可以在很大程度上提高图书资源利用率。本文就将简要分析多媒体技术在图书馆应用中存在的问题,并提出切实可行的改进策略,以供参考。
KADAR HARA PADA PENAMBAHAN PUPUK KANDANG DAN SILIKA PADA TANAH SUPRESIF DAN KONDUSIF LAYU FUSARIUM PADA PISANG
Authors: Somala Medina Uli Alba , Utami Sri Nuryani Hidayah , Wibowo Arif , Subandiyah Siti
Published: February 2020

Penyakit layu fusarium pada pisang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc). Foc merupakan salah satu patogen tular tanah. Intensitas serangan penyakit di lahan berbeda-beda, lahan dengan intensitas sangat parah disebut tanah kondusif. Tanah supresif dapat menekan dan mengontrol laju perkembangan patogen tular tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat fisika dan kimia tanah supresif dan kondusif terhadap penyakit layu fusarium pisang serta mengetahui efek dan kadar hara dari penambahan pupuk kandang dan silika terhadap penyakit layu fusarium pisang. Sampel tanah supresif berasal dari Sarampad, Cianjur dan tanah kondusif berasal dari Salaman, Magelang. Tanaman pisang kultivar Ambon Kuning digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk kandang dan silika terhadap layu fusarium. Analisis sifat kimia menunjukkan tanah supresif memiliki pH netral, kelas tekstur geluh pasiran, N total, P total, C organik, bahan organik, Si tersedia yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanah kondusif. Penambahan pupuk kandang dan silika dapat menekan laju perkembangan dan pertumbuhan penyakit layu fusarium pada tanah supresif. Setelah perlakuan kandungan N total, K total, bahan organik dan C organic pada tanah supresif lebih tinggi.
STUDI PERTUMBUHAN MULTIANTAGONIS TRICHODERMA SP. DAN STREPTOMYCES SP. DALAM SUSPENSI AKAR, HUMAT CAIR DAN EKSTRAK KENTANG GULA
Authors: Fitriana Ika Nur , Suryaminarsih Penta , Mindari Wanti , Wiyatiningsih Sri
Published: February 2020

Perkembangan multiantagonis Trichoderma sp. dan Streptomyces sp. pada umumnya dilakukan pada piring agar dan media cair yang ditutupi untuk perbanyakan dan memudahkan pemanenan sel. Suspensi akar yang mengandung mikroorganisme dan humat cair merupakan bahan biopestisida dan pupuk yang diharapkan dapat lebih efektif untuk perbanyakan agensi hayati sehingga memiliki nilai lebih. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan hidup dan perkembangan Trichoderma sp. dan Streptomyces sp. pada media cair tersebut dengan metode penggojokan selama 48 jam. Metode perhitungan dan pengamatan deskriptif, tiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Hasil pengamatan pada hari ke-10, 14 dan 17 sebelum inokulasi Trichoderma sp. dan Streptomyces sp menunjukkan bahwa pada media humat cair terdapat mikroorganisme namun jumlahnya lebih sedikit dibandingkan jumlah mikroorganisme pada media suspensi akar.  Pada hari ke-17 setelah inokulasi agensi hayati Trichoderma sp. dan Streptomyces sp menunjukkan bahwa pada media humat cair agens hayati tersebut tidak tumbuh, sedangkan media suspensi akar hanya Streptomyces yang tumbuh namun jumlahnya tidak sebanyak yang dikembangkan pada ekstrak kentang gula.
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI LONGSOR MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS DI KECAMATAN SALEM KABUPATEN BREBES
Authors: Lail Isbakhul , Widjajani Bakti Wisnu , Wijaya Kemal
Published: February 2020

Berdasarkan BNPB, korban tanah longsor pada tanggal 22 Februari 2018 sejumlah 11 Orang meninggal dan 7 orang hilang. Longsor terjadi akibat kemiringan lereng yang curam serta bentuk material geologi yang berupa napal sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai bidang gelincir gerakan tanah. Pengolahan data Peta geologi dan tutupan lahan berupa shapefile dilakukan clip pada daerah penelitian. Penetapan tingkat kerawanan kawasan longsor di daerah penelitian didasarkan kepada model pendugaan kawasan rawan tanah longsor oleh Direktorat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi/DVMBG (2004).Skor = (30 % x faktor kelas curah hujan) + (20% x geologi) + (20 % x faktor kelas Erodibilitas) + (15% x penggunaan lahan) + (15 % x faktor kelas lereng). Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, daerah rawan longsor tertinggi berada di desa ciputih seluas 943 Ha dan wanoja dengan luas 684 Ha, daerah berkawasan sedang longsor berada di desa citimbang seluas 893 Ha dan wanoja seluas 708,37 Ha. Sedangkan daerah rendah longsor berada di desa Salem seluas 1193 Ha. . Faktor yang berpengaruh paling besar yaitu kemiringan lereng 46 % dan Erodibilitas 35 %. Kedua parameter ini berpotensi menyebabkan longsor.
How CRISPR-Mediated Genome Editing is Affecting Undergraduate Biology Education
Authors: Pickerill Ethan S. , Embree Caleb M. , Evans Ben A. , North Elena R. , Mager Gennifer M. , Bernstein Douglas A.
Published: February 2020

In 2010, the CRISPR/Cas system of Streptococcus thermophilus was found necessary and sufficient to cleave bacteriophage DNA. Since this time, CRISPR went from a niche scientific field to the laboratories of major research institutions, undergraduate classrooms, and popular culture. In the future, CRISPR may stand along with PCR, DNA sequencing, and transformation as paradigm shifting discoveries in molecular biology. CRISPR genome editing is technically uncomplicated and relatively inexpensive. Thus, CRISPR-mediated genome editing has been adopted by and applied to undergraduate curricula in a wide variety of ways. In this review, we provide an overview of CRISPR-mediated genome editing and examine some of the ways this technology is being leveraged to train students in the classroom and laboratory.
The Persistence of Staphylococcus aureus on Hospital Privacy Curtains
Authors: Cole Sarah E. , Gasper Brittany J.
Published: February 2020

While healthcare professionals are working in hospitals, they will often manipulate the privacy curtains during the care of their patients. Studies have shown that the transfer of bacteria from hands to the curtains and vice versa is possible. Despite the possibility of hospital curtains being a mode of infection transmission, studies have shown that 53% of hospitals surveyed did not have a policy for cleaning or changing their curtains. The question that this study focused on was whether curtain material affects the persistence of Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, five different curtain types were inoculated with overnight, diluted, and finger imprint cultures of S. aureus. They were incubated at room temperature and were sampled for growth regularly onto Mannitol Salt Agar plates. The colonies were counted, and one-way ANOVA statistical analysis was completed on the data. The statistical analysis showed that the length of persistence of liquid cultures of S. aureus on the curtains was not dependent upon initial concentration. Finger imprint inoculations of four curtain varieties had statistically significant longer persistence times than the liquid cultures. Only the curtain type composed of 100% antimicrobial polyester with water repellant had significantly lower persistence times for the finger imprint culture than the other four curtains. The results suggest that the 100% inherently flame resistant antimicrobial polyester curtain material reduces S. aureus persistence times and that it may benefit hospitals to use this type of curtain.
Advertising an Empire of Oil: The British Petroleum Company and the Persian Khan Exhibit of 1924–1925
Authors: Wereley Ian
Published: February 2020

This article explores the publicity and advertising campaigns undertaken by the British Petroleum Company (BP) during the 1920s, focusing specifically on the Persian Khan exhibit mounted at the British Empire Exhibition of 1924–1925. Despite their rich value as primary sources, the marketing campaigns of British oil companies—and in particular of BP—have been relatively overlooked by historians. Using an energy humanities approach, the article reconstructs the Khan exhibit and its galleries, revealing an imaginary world in which oil was framed as an exotic prize held captive beneath wild and inhospitable landscapes. As BP’s most elaborate and expensive advertising campaign of the 1920s, seen and visited by millions, the Persian Khan exhibit provides a valuable lens through which to view the broader development of British attitudes toward oil during the period.
Beyond Doom and Gloom in Petroaesthetics: Facing Oil, Making Energy Matter
Authors: Welling Bart
Published: February 2020

This essay argues that one of the factors holding back civilization-wide transitions to renewable energy is the widespread tendency to render petroleum and other hydrocarbons abject and abstract. Fossil fuel industry representations do this by hiding the true costs of petroculture behind the virtualization Energy; environmentalist framings do it by relying too much on petroaesthetics of doom (i.e., apocalyptic imagery) and gloom (i.e., Gothic visualizations of oil spills and rusting extractive infrastructure). The scarcity of representations of hydrocarbons that acknowledge both their life-giving and life-destroying properties, their powerful nonhuman agency in mediating practically every human and nonhuman relationship in the modern world, makes it hard to imagine alternatives to petroculture. Recently, artists have begun subverting petroaesthetic conventions in ways that counter the abstraction and abjection of hydrocarbons, including by using crude oil as an artistic medium in its own right. The oddly playful bitumen sands photographs of Louis Helbig, the bitumen-based “petrographs” of Warren Cariou, and the weird, enthralling “oilscapes” of Kathleen Thum are interpreted as meaningful challenges to the petroaesthetic status quo—provocations that matter in every sense of the word. Beyond merely promoting energy transitions, these images perform transitions as they empower viewers to see hydrocarbons as media with which all living things are deeply entangled.
Розробка системи термографічного аналізу обладнання морських суден на базі методу кількісної термографії
Authors: Клочков Ю.П. , Ганношина І.М.
Published: February 2020

Сучасний і перспективний розвиток морського флоту нерозривно пов'язане з безпекою мореплавання, яке забезпечується безвідмовним і надійним функціонуванням систем життєзабезпечення і суднового устаткування. У зв'язку з цим виникає необхідність в розвитку сучасних методів оперативної діагностики для контролю технічного стану обладнання.

Наукова новизна одержаних результатів полягає в тому, що запропоновано систему технічної діагностики обладнання морського судна на базі методу кількісної термографії. Дана система дозволяє зменшити для компаній, власників суден кількість експлуатаційних витрат, капіталовкладень та збитків. Тепловізійна діагностика є ефективним методом оцінки технічного стану обладнання на судах морського флоту і берегових підприємствах. Застосування методів кількісної термографії обумовлено необхідністю виявлення дефектів електро- і теплоенергетичних пристроїв на ранній стадії безпосередньо в режимі експлуатації.

Представлена система тепловізійних випробувань, об'єктів або матеріалів об'єднує різні заснована на телевізійної час зйомки. Представлені основні етапи застосування системи технічного контролю суднових пристроїв і засобів на основі методів кількісної термографії. Метод тепловізійного обстеження електротехнічного обладнання в цілому являє собою сукупність заходів, необхідних для проведення випробувань і вироблення адекватної експертної оцінки. Розглянуто приклади застосування телевізійної техніки на морських судах, наведені результати телевізійних випробувань на прикладі аналізу стану суднових кабельних трас. Представлені матеріали імітаційного моделювання. Нові методи та засоби діагностики та прогнозування, призначені для підвищення експлуатаційної надійності суднових систем та механізмів.
Прямое введение аминогруппы в ароматическое ядро ІV. Взаимодействие бензолкарбоновых кислот с гидроксиламином в кислой среде в присутствии металлов переменной валентности
Authors: Кулигіна З.П. , Ісак О.Д. , Попов Є.В.
Published: February 2020

Статья посвящена прямому введению первичной аминогруппы в бензольное кольцо, содержащее одну или несколько карбоксильних групп. Это оказалось возможным при использовании в качестве аминирующего агента гидроксиламина и проведения реакции в среде концентрированной серной кислоты. В качестве субстратов использованы бензойная кислота, изомерные бензолдикарбоновые кислоты, тримеллитовая кислота и их эфиры. Предложен механизм прямого введения аминогруппы с использованием гидроксиламина в кислой среде в присутствии металлов переменной валентности.
Influence of catalytic mass content in catalytic combustion of isopropyl alcohol using aerosol nanocatalysis technology
Authors: Філіпс Тобенна С. , Кудрявцев С.О. , Глікіна I.M. , Король Д.Р.
Published: February 2020

This paper studies the effect of catalytic combustion of isopropyl alcohol according to the principles of aerosol nanocatalysis technology on a vibrating fluidized bed reactor. using a metal oxide catalyst in the form of Fe2O3 The prospects of using isopropyl alcohol as feedstock for catalytic heat generators were considered. The availability of isopropyl alcohol and possible methods for its production were also analyzed. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of aerosol nanocatalysis and heterogeneous catalysis in relation to the processes of deep oxidation of alcohols is carried out. The methodology of experimental studies of oxidation processes using isopropanol as feedstock and using an aerosol nanocatalysis reactor with a vibration layer of the catalytic system was worked out. Catalytic reactions under aerosol nanocatalysis technology eliminate the need for catalytic supports, while implementing in situ a continuous mechanical and chemical activation (MCA) of the catalyst surface by the mobile inert material. The effect of catalytic mass concentration in the reactor was analyzed to ascertain the best mass content of catalyst needed to achieve complete high % volume content of CO2 in the combustion gases product. This study revealed that under this technology, complete combustion can be achieved at a catalytic mass content of 0.0002 grams and 0.0004 grams, as results of the experiment showed that there needs to be a full saturation of the inert material with the catalytic component, for the combustion reaction to be favorable towards CO2 generation. This experiment was conducted by varying the amount of catalytic content being introduced into the reactor, by altering the mass of the catalyst from 0.0001 grams - 0.0005 grams, while using a temperature of 400oC and MCA frequency of 3Hz, the MCA frequency of 3Hz provides the reactant the opportunity to fully interact with the pores of the catalytic surface under mild reactor bed vibrations while under the impact of atmospheric pressure. Prospects for the development of industrial technology based on experimental studies were considered.
Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Hearing
Authors: Ghosh Uzzal Chandra , Fakir Md Abu Yusuf , Osmany Husne Qumer , Lodh Dipankar , Islam Md Zahirul , Islam Mohammad Nazrul
Published: February 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic systemic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin and affects several systems including hearing. It was evidenced that hearing loss is twice as common in people with diabetes in comparison to other non-diabetic individuals. Although there is no epidemiological information are available in Bangladesh, but it can assume that the number would not be less.
Methods: This study was a hospital based case-control study conducted at department of ENT & department of Endocrinology for 1.5 year following approval of the protocol. Total 110 people (55 cases and 55 controls) were selected and analysed in this study. All the patients were divided into two groups: Group A (all patients with Diabetes) and Group B (persons without diabetes). For analysis group A were considered as case and group B were as control. Written informed consent was taken from all case and control subjects. A detailed history taking including hearing loss, duration, onset, associated symptoms & diabetes duration, treatment were obtained from the subject. A detailed ENT examination including otoscopic examination and tuning fork test were also conducted for each patient. Moreover, audiometric assessment-PTA, blood investigation-RBS, HbA1C, & renal parameters like blood urea & serum creatinine were tested in each cases. Data analysis was done in the statistical program Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16.0.
Results: Out of total 55 patients in each group, mean age of Diabetic and non-diabetic were 46.78±8.02 SD and 46.72±8.09 SD (years) with slight female predominance (45.5% vs 54.5% in diabetic group and 49.1% vs 50.9% in non-diabetic group).
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2019; 25(2): 116-124
Clinical Profile of Patients with Incidentally Detected Non-alcoholoic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Perveen Professor Irin , Saha Professor Madhusudan , Hasan Md Quamrul , Chowdhury Malay Kumar Sur
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the commonest liver problem worldwide with disease spectrum ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis.

Objective: To delineate the clinical and biochemical profile of patients with incidentally detected NAFLD.

Materials and Methods: In this observational study subjects without overt liver disease having sonological evidence of fatty liver underwent thorough physical examinations including anthropometric measurements and investigated for blood glucose level, lipid profile and liver function status. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) /alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio and BMI and diabetes (BARD) score were computed to assess hepatic fibrosis status non-invasively.

Results: Out of 407 final participants, 213 were male and 194 were female. Mean age of the patients was 42.05±10.54 (range 21-71 years). Mean body mass index (BMI) of the subjects was 26.92±3.75Kg/m2. Visceral obesity as measured by abdominal circumference and waist-hip-ratio were found increased in 333(81.81%) and 336(82.5%) subjects respectively. Obesity (BMI > 25 mg/m2), diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome (MS) were present in 68.8%, 48.2%, 36.4%, and 87.5% patients respectively. Cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and triglyceride were found increased in 47.7% (n=194), 83.05% (n=338), 42.8%(n=174) and 80.59%(n= 328) NAFLD patients respectively. Elevated AST and ALT levels were found in 98 (24.1%) and 233 (57.0%) patients, respectively. AST/ALT ratio >1 and BARD score >2 were found in 27.5% (n=112) and 29.2% (n=119) patients respectively.

Conclusion: In Bangladesh incidentally detected NAFLD patients are predominantly middle aged and obese. MS and hypertriglyceridaemia are highly prevalent among them. Around one fourth of them have evidence of advanced fibrosis non-invasively.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14(1) 2018: 4-9
Psychological State of Selected Infertile Couples of Bangladesh
Authors: Irfan SM Nurul , Rahman Md Mahbubur , Mithun Sangita , Arafat SM Yasir , Zafreen Farzana
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Infertility is an increasingly prevalent condition which causes considerable psychological problems among infertile couples.

Objective: To assess the psychological state of infertility in terms of depression, anxiety and stress among the infertile couples of Bangladesh.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the fertility centre of Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka from January to July 2018 among purposively selected 112 infertile couple. Data were collected by face to face interview through a pretested semi-structured Bangla questionnaire of Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale and analyzed by computer software SPSS 19.0.

Results: Among the 112 infertile couples, depression was found among 54.5%, anxiety among 53.6% and stress in 30.4% of females. Whereas among males depression was found in 38.4%, anxiety 26.8% and stress 21.4%. This study also revealed that couples with primary infertility had more depression, anxiety and stress than others.

Conclusion: Females have been psychologically more affected than their husbands due to infertility. More than half of the females had depression and anxiety and about one third was affected by stress which was higher than their husbands.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14(1) 2018: 41-45
Surgical Outcomes of the Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Approach for Anterior Skull Base Lesions: Experience in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka
Authors: Salek Md Al Amin , Faisal Md Hasnayen , Manik Md Abdul Hye , Choudhury Ahmed Ul Mursalin , Chowdhury Rukun Uddin , Islam Md Aminul
Published: February 2020

Introduction:The endoscopic endonasal approach is a minimally invasive surgical technique for removal of skull base lesions by using nose and sinuses as natural corridors. This study represents our institutional experience with endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal approach for anterior skull base lesions.

Objective: To find out surgical outcomes of endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal approach for treatment of anterior skull base lesions.

Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional observational study of 38 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery for anterior skull base lesions in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka from July 2013 to June 2017.

Results:This study included 16 men and 22 women, ranging from 24 to 68 years of age where median was 38 years. Common presentations were visual disorder (60%), headache (30%), features of pituitary apoplexy (5%), Cushing disease (0.35%), acromegaly (0.7 %), galactorrhoea (0.35%). Radiological evaluation revealed intrasellar (12), sellar and suprasellar (22), sellar and parasellar (1), tuberculum sella and planum sphenoidale (3), clival (1) lesions. Recurrent cases (3/38) were nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma, prolactinoma, and growth hormone secreting macroadenoma. The surgical resection in relation to post op imaging were 45% as gross total resection, near-total in 35%, subtotal in 15%, and partial in 5%. We found fifteen patients experienced improvement in visual acuity, while one patient worsened. Common complications were transient diabetes insipidus (53%), new pituitary deficit (35%), endonasal adhesions (20%), and cerebrospinal fluid leak (5%). Surgical mortality was (0.35%). The histological diagnoses included twenty-eight pituitary adenomas, five craniopharyngioma, three meningioma, one Rathke’s cleft cyst and one clival chordoma.

Conclusion: Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery is a valuable treatment option for an anterior skull base lesion.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14(1) 2018: 66-68
Injury Pattern among Armed Forces Personnel during Military Activities
Authors: Hyder Mohammed Sharfaraz , Zafreen Farzana , Akhter Khandaker Rokshana , Uddin Abu Noman Mohammed Moshleh , Wahab Md Abdul
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Physical training and physical fitness are required to accomplish military missions. Injuries have a great impact on the health and readiness of the military personnel than any other category of medical complaint.

Objective: To find out the common types of injuries, causes of injury and place of occurrence among the Bangladesh Armed Forces personnel during their military activities.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out during the period of March to June 2012. A total of 101 serving Armed Forces Personnel who had injured during military activities and received indoor treatment from orthopedic, surgery, neurosurgery and officers’ ward of CMH, Dhaka were selected. Data were collected in a semi-structured questionnaire through face to face interview.

Results: The mean age of the study populations were 31.69 ± 6.7 years and ranged from 18 to 45 years. Among the cases, 83.2% were Army personnel, 9.9% were Navy and 6.9% were from Air Force. Most of the affected cases (55.5%) belonged to fighting arms, 19.8% from support arms and 5.0% from services arms. Maximum (26.7%) cases suffered from knee injury followed by 23.8% vertebral column related injury and 11.9% lower leg injury. Maximum (40.6%) cases sustained injury in training ground followed by 29.7% in the sports ground and 6.9% in operation area.

Conclusion: Injury is one of the major causes of morbidity among the members of Armed Forces. Careful study and analysis on training and operational activities of Armed Forces Personnel definitely will explore new dimension to prevent and combat this preventable health burden.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (1) 2018: 69-72
Complementariedad y sostenibilidad en las sociedades de la prehistoria tardía en el valle de Sama, Tacna, sur del Perú
Authors: Vela Velarde Carlos
Published: February 2020

Esta investigación se basó en el supuesto básico de la presencia inca en la costa de Tacna- Perú. Se desarrollaron relaciones de complementariedad con la sociedad local y que, gracias al registro arqueológico y las evidencias ambientales, dio como resultado la posibilidad de haberse generado un desarrollo sostenible en estas sociedades de la Prehistoria Tardía en el valle de Sama.De manera experimental, un ensayo computacional propuso y coincidió con el análisis arqueológico. Esta investigación es un ejemplo de aplicación de la ciencia arqueológica al modelo económico: la complementariedad (variable independiente); otra variable es el medio ambiente. En esta investigación se propuso que estas sociedades lograron un desarrollo sostenible.
Hapusnya Wewenang Executive Review Pemerintah terhadap Peraturan Daerah: Studi Pasca-adanya Putusan MK Nomor 137/PUU-XIII/2015 dan Nomor 56/PUU XIV/2016
Authors: Liany Lusy
Published: February 2020

The Constitutional Court, on April 4, 2017, through the Decision No.137/PUU-XIII/2015 has invalidated the enactment of the rules that enabled a Governor to annul Regency/City Laws. On June 14, 2017, with the Decision No.56/PUU-XIV/2016, the Court also invalidated the authority of Ministry of Internal Affair to void Provincial Laws. These decisions brought about a question on whether the government still has the authority to revise those regional laws or it can only be taken through the material review to the judiciary. Based on the background, the authors formulated two problems. Firstly, what is the mechanism of government control of the Regional Regulation after the Constitutional Court Decision Number 137 / PUU-XIII / 2015 and the Court's Decision Number 56/PUU-XIV/2016? Secondly, what are the obstacles to judicial review of regional regulations in the Supreme Court? The research method applied in this paper is a normative method in which qualitative data are gathered and the statute and conceptual approaches are employed. First result, the government, both the Minister of Internal Affairs and the Governor, can oversee the regional law-making process through the executive preview mechanism and the annulation of both Province and Regency/City Laws is in the domain of the Supreme Court's authority. Second, the judicial review process in the Supreme Court has not fully met the legal principles of judicial review process, as it is not open to public, there is no deadline to finish the trial, and the Supreme Court’s decision is not supported by sufficient details of judges’ legal opinion.
PENERAPAN KRITERIA PERSAMAAN PADA POKOKNYA DALAM SENGKETA MEREK J.CASANOVA (Studi Putusan Nomor 968/K/Pdt.Sus/HKI/2016)
Authors: Tri Putri Cindy , Purwaningsih Endang
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis permasalahan yang terkait dengan pengaturan kriteria persamaan pada pokoknya dalam Undang-Undang Merek dan penerapan kriteria persamaan pada pokoknya dalam kasus sengketa merek J.CASANOVA. Suatu penamaan merek harus didaftarkan dengan iktikad baik, karena sangat penting dalam persaingan bisnis dan reputasi. Merek juga harus memiliki daya pembeda. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan case study. Berdasarkan hasil riset,  penerapan kriteria persamaan pada pokoknya dapat dibuktikan didalam Putusan pada tingkat Kasasi tentang adanya persamaan bunyi dan persamaan pada kata yaitu kata “J.CASANOVA” dan “CASANOVA”. Pertimbangan Hakim dalam menyelesaikan kasus sengketa merek antara merek terkenal J.CASANOVA dengan merek CASANOVA pada Putusan Nomor 968/K/Pdt.Sus/HKI/2016 sudah tepat penerapan hukumnya karena telah terbukti bahwa merek “CASANOVA” telah beriktikad tidak baik dalam mendaftarkan mereknya yang mempunyai persamaan pada pokoknya dengan merek terkenal yaitu J.CASANOVA
REGULASI TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Amalia Erna
Published: February 2020

Landasan pemikiran diaturnya Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan atau Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) bertujuan untuk mewujudkan pembangunan ekonomi berkelanjutan guna meningkatkan kualitas kehidupan dan lingkungan yang bermanfaat bagi perusahaan itu sendiri, komunitas setempat dan masyarakat pada umumnya. Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan kebijakan mengenai CSR yang terdapat pada beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan yaitu Undang-undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas, Undang-undang Nomor 25 tahun 2007 tentang Penanaman Modal, Undang-undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2003 tentang Badan Usaha Milik Negara, Undang-undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, Undang-undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 tentang Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara. Sedangkan untuk pedoman pelaksanaannya perusahaan dapat merujuk pada ISO 26000 Guidance Standard on Social Responsibility yang menyediakan standar pedoman yang bersifat sukarela mengenai tanggung jawab sosial suatu institusi yang mencakup semua sektor, badan publik atau badan privat baik di Negara berkembang maupun Negara maju. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kebijakan pemerintah dalam mengatur tentang CSR. Penelitian yang dilakukan pada karya tulis ini adalah deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan yang dipakai yaitu normatif yuridis yang mengacu pada peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur tentang CSR.
PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP PRAKTIK BISNIS EMITEN PENERBIT EFEK SYARIAH BERDASARKAN PRINSIP KETERBUKAAN PASAR MODAL
Authors: Rizki Satria Hari
Published: February 2020

Efek syariah merupakan surat berharga yang sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah di Pasar Modal. Efek syariah merupakan sarana investasi bagi umat islam yang ingin berinvestasi di Pasar Modal. Efek Syariah diterbitkan oleh emiten yang menjalankan kegiatan usahanya berdasarkan prinsip syariah dan telah mendapat penilaian Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI). Sebagai negara berpenduduk mayoritas muslim, efek syariah berperluang besar untuk berkembang pesat di Indonesia. Dalam rangka mengakomodir hal tersebut, konsumen selaku pemegang efek syariah harus mendapatkan kepastian hukum bahwasanya kegiatan bisnis yang dilakukan emiten penerbit efek syariah sesuai dengan prinsip syariah. Salah satu caranya yaitu melalui prinsip keterbukaan yang memberikan akses informasi kepada konsumen sebagai pemegang efek syariah untuk  mengetahui secara berkala bahwasanya emiten penerbit efek syariah selalu menjalankan usahanya berdasarkan prinsip syariah.
Metabolic responses of shrimp Palaemonetes sinensis to isopod Tachaea chinensis parasitization
Authors: Li Y , Xu W , Li X , Han Z , Zhang R , Li X , Chen Q
Published: February 2020

Tachaea chinensis, a parasitic isopod, negatively affects the production of several commercially important shrimp species in China. The mechanism of parasite-host interaction cannot be accurately described by transcriptomic and proteomic approaches individually. Here, comparative metabolite profiling was used to achieve a broad coverage of primary metabolite changes in Chinese grass shrimp Palaemonetes sinensis following T. chinensis parasitization. In total, 66 metabolites were significantly differentially accumulated between the control and infected groups; of these, 19 were upregulated and 47 were downregulated after T. chinensis infection. Moreover, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis revealed that 10 pathways were significantly enriched. The protein digestion and absorption pathways were highly enriched, followed by the mineral absorption, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, biosynthesis of amino acids, and metabolic metabolism pathways. Parasitization by T. chinensis enhanced the glycolytic pathway and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in P. sinensis, thereby releasing more energy for swimming, foraging, and evading predation. Glucogenic amino acids such as alanine, histidine, glutamine, and proline were consumed to generate glutamate and enhance the TCA cycle. Nucleotide-related metabolic pathways were downregulated, possibly because T. chinensis can secrete molecules to degrade nucleotides and inhibit hemostasis and inflammatory responses. These results suggest that the isopod parasite can increase the host’s metabolic burden by enhancing the host’s TCA cycle and secreting molecules to degrade host proteins, thereby enabling the parasite to feed on the host and inhibit an inflammatory response. The results will be a valuable contribution to understanding the metabolic responses of crustaceans to isopod parasitism.
Low internal transcribed spacer rDNA variation in New Zealand Bonamia ostreae: evidence for a recent arrival
Authors: Lane HS , Jones JB
Published: February 2020

Bonamia ostreaeis a haplosporidian parasite of oysters that was first reported to occur in the Southern Hemisphere in 2015 in the New Zealand flat oysterOstrea chilensis.Until that report,B. ostreaehad been restricted to populations ofO. eduliswithin the Northern Hemisphere. This large range extension raised questions regardingB. ostreaedispersal, including whetherB. ostreaeis a recent introduction and from where it originated. The whole 18S rRNA gene of New ZealandB. ostreaerevealed 99.9-100% sequence homology to other publishedB. ostreae18S rDNA sequences. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequences (n = 29) were generated from New ZealandB. ostreaeand compared to publishedB. ostreaesequences from 3 Northern Hemisphere sites: California, USA (n = 18), Maine, USA (n = 7), and the Netherlands (n = 6) to investigate intraspecific variation. Low ITS rDNA variation was observed from New ZealandB. ostreaeisolates, and high levels of variation were observed from Northern HemisphereB. ostreaesequences. We hypothesise that the low ITS rDNA diversity found in New ZealandB. ostreaeis the result of a founder effect resulting from a single introduction from a limited number of propagules. The high level of ITS rDNA variation from the Northern Hemisphere prevented inferences of dispersal origins. New ZealandB. ostreaewere genetically differentiated from all sites, and additional genetic data are required to better determine the origin ofB. ostreaein New Zealand.
Morphological variation in leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) hatchlings at Sandy Point National Wildlife Refuge, US Virgin Islands
Authors: Banerjee SM , Frey A , Kurle CM , Perrault JR , Stewart KR
Published: February 2020

Understanding species’ mating systems provides important information about their ecology, life history, and behavior. Direct observations of mating behaviors can be challenging, but molecular techniques can reveal information about mating systems and paternal identity in difficult-to-observe species such as sea turtles. Genetic markers can be used to assess the paternity of a clutch and to assign hatchlings to a father. Leatherback turtles Dermochelys coriacea sometimes mate with multiple individuals, resulting in clutches with mixed paternity; however, the effects of multiple paternity on hatchling quality are unclear. Leatherback hatchlings at Sandy Point National Wildlife Refuge, St. Croix, US Virgin Islands, exhibit visible variation in individual body size, sometimes within the same clutch. We collected morphometrics and tissue samples from hatchlings across multiple nesting seasons (2009, 2012, 2013, 2015, and 2016) and found that hatchlings exhibited small but statistically significant differences in morphometrics between years. We used maternal and hatchling microsatellite genotypes to reconstruct paternal genotypes, assigning fathers to each hatchling. We found multiple paternity in 5 of 17 clutches analyzed and compared differences in morphometrics between full-siblings with differences between half-siblings. We found no significant differences between morphometrics of hatchlings from the same mother but different fathers. We compared within-clutch variances in morphometrics for clutches with and without multiple paternity and found no significant difference in morphological variation between them. Therefore, we could not attribute differences in hatchling size within a clutch to paternal contribution. Understanding other factors affecting hatchling morphology, and other possible fitness metrics, may reveal insights into the benefits, or lack thereof, of polyandry in sea turtles.
Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Activation Induces High Mobility Group Box 1 Release From Proximal Tubular Cells During Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity
Authors: KIM J.
Published: February 2020

Cisplatin is one of the most potent chemotherapy drugs against cancer, but its major side effect such as nephrotoxicity limits its use. Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protects against various renal diseases via gene transactivation and/or ADP-ribosylation. However, the role of PARP in necrotic cell death during cisplatin nephrotoxicity remains an open question. Here we demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of PARP by postconditioning dose-dependently prevented tubular injury and renal dysfunction following cisplatin administration in mice. PARP inhibition by postconditioning also attenuated ATP depletion during cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Systemic release of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein in plasma induced by cisplatin administration was significantly diminished by PARP inhibition by postconditioning. In in vitro kidney proximal tubular cell lines, PARP inhibition by postconditioning also diminished HMGB1 release from cells. These data demonstrate that cisplatin-induced PARP1 activation contributes to HMGB1 release from kidney proximal tubular cells, resulting in the promotion of inflammation during cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
In Vitro and In Vivo Activation of Mitochondrial Membrane Permeability Transition Pore Using Triiodothyronine
Authors: ENDLICHER R. , DRAHOTA Z. , ČERVINKOVÁ Z.
Published: February 2020

Using a novel method for evaluating mitochondrial swelling (Drahota et al. 2012a) we studied the effect of calcium (Ca2+), phosphate (Pi), and triiodothyronine (T3) on the opening of mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore and how they interact in the activation of swelling process. We found that 0.1 mM Pi, 50 µM Ca2+ and 25 µM T3 when added separately increase the swelling rate to about 10 % of maximal values when all three factors are applied simultaneously. Our findings document that under experimental conditions in which Ca2+ and Pi are used as activating factors, the addition of T3 doubled the rate of swelling. T3 has also an activating effect on mitochondrial membrane potential. The T3 activating effect was also found after in vivo application of T3. Our data thus demonstrate that T3 has an important role in opening the mitochondrial membrane permeability pore and activates the function of the two key physiological swelling inducers, calcium and phosphate ions.