bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stacking transfer of wafer-scale graphene-based van der Waals superlattices
Authors: Yuan Guowen , Liu Weilin , Huang Xianlei , Wan Zihao , Wang Chao , Yao Bing , Sun Wenjie , Zheng Hang , Yang Kehan , Zhou Zhenjia , Nie Yuefeng , Xu Jie , Gao Libo
Published: September 2023

High-quality graphene-based van der Waals superlattices are crucial for investigating physical properties and developing functional devices. However, achieving homogeneous wafer-scale graphene-based superlattices with controlled twist angles is challenging. Here, we present a flat-to-flat transfer method for fabricating wafer-scale graphene and graphene-based superlattices. The aqueous solution between graphene and substrate is removed by a two-step spinning-assisted dehydration procedure with the optimal wetting angle. Proton-assisted treatment is further used to clean graphene surfaces and interfaces, which also decouples graphene and neutralizes the doping levels. Twist angles between different layers are accurately controlled by adjusting the macroscopic stacking angle through their wafer flats. Transferred films exhibit minimal defects, homogeneous morphology, and uniform electrical properties over wafer scale. Even at room temperature, robust quantum Hall effects are observed in graphene films with centimetre-scale linewidth. Our stacking transfer method can facilitate the fabrication of graphene-based van der Waals superlattices and accelerate functional device applications.
A catalytically active oscillator made from small organic molecules
Authors: ter Harmsel Matthijs , Maguire Oliver R. , Runikhina Sofiya A. , Wong Albert S. Y. , Huck Wilhelm T. S. , Harutyunyan Syuzanna R.
Published: September 2023

Oscillatory systems regulate many biological processes, including key cellular functions such as metabolism and cell division, as well as larger-scale processes such as circadian rhythm and heartbeat1–4. Abiotic chemical oscillations, discovered originally in inorganic systems5,6, inspired the development of various synthetic oscillators for application as autonomous time-keeping systems in analytical chemistry, materials chemistry and the biomedical field7–17. Expanding their role beyond that of a pacemaker by having synthetic chemical oscillators periodically drive a secondary function would turn them into significantly more powerful tools. However, this is not trivial because the participation of components of the oscillator in the secondary function might jeopardize its time-keeping ability. We now report a small molecule oscillator that can catalyse an independent chemical reaction in situ without impairing its oscillating properties. In a flow system, the concentration of the catalytically active product of the oscillator shows sustained oscillations and the catalysed reaction is accelerated only during concentration peaks. Augmentation of synthetic oscillators with periodic catalytic action allows the construction of complex systems that, in the future, may benefit applications in automated synthesis, systems and polymerization chemistry and periodic drug delivery.
Polθ is phosphorylated by PLK1 to repair double-strand breaks in mitosis
Authors: Gelot Camille , Kovacs Marton Tibor , Miron Simona , Mylne Emilie , Haan Alexis , Boeffard-Dosierre Liza , Ghouil Rania , Popova Tatiana , Dingli Florent , Loew Damarys , Guirouilh-Barbat Josée , Del Nery Elaine , Zinn-Justin Sophie , Ceccaldi Raphael
Published: September 2023

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are deleterious lesions that challenge genome integrity. To mitigate this threat, human cells rely on the activity of multiple DNA repair machineries that are tightly regulated throughout the cell cycle1. In interphase, DSBs are mainly repaired by non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination2. However, these pathways are completely inhibited in mitosis3–5, leaving the fate of mitotic DSBs unknown. Here we show that DNA polymerase theta6 (Polθ) repairs mitotic DSBs and thereby maintains genome integrity. In contrast to other DSB repair factors, Polθ function is activated in mitosis upon phosphorylation by Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). Phosphorylated Polθ is recruited by a direct interaction with the BRCA1 C-terminal domains of TOPBP1 to mitotic DSBs, where it mediates joining of broken DNA ends. Loss of Polθ leads to defective repair of mitotic DSBs, resulting in a loss of genome integrity. This is further exacerbated in cells that are deficient in homologous recombination, where loss of mitotic DSB repair by Polθ results in cell death. Our results identify mitotic DSB repair as the underlying cause of synthetic lethality between Polθ and homologous recombination. Together, our findings reveal the critical importance of mitotic DSB repair in the maintenance of genome integrity.
Isolation of Spirosoma foliorum sp. nov. from the fallen leaf of Acer palmatum by a novel cultivation technique
Authors: Han Ho Le , Nurcahyanto Dian Alfian , Muhammad Neak , Lee Yong-Jae , Nguyen Tra T. H. , Kim Song-Gun , Chan Sook Sin , Khoo Kuan Shiong , Chew Kit Wayne , Show Pau Loke , Tran Thi Ngoc Thu , Nguyen Thi Dong Phuong , Chiu Chen Yaw
Published: September 2023

In the effort of isolating novel microbial species, the strain PL0132T was isolated from a fallen leaf under fresh water at a stream, which glided when grown on a tap water medium (without nutrients). The strain was determined to be Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, and rod-shaped, which grew optimally at 25 °C, pH 6–7, and the strain tolerates 1% (w/v) NaCl concentration. The complete genome of strain PL0132T comprises one contig with a sequencing depth of 76×, consisting of 8,853,064 base pairs and the genomic DNA G + C content was 46.7% (genome). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain PL0132T represents a member of the phylum Bacteroidetes and is affiliated with the genus Spirosoma. Based on genomic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, the strain PL0132T represents a novel species of the genus Spirosoma, for which the name Spirosoma foliorum sp. nov. is proposed (= KCTC 72228 T = InaCC B1447T).
Gut commensal Kineothrix alysoides mitigates liver dysfunction by restoring lipid metabolism and gut microbial balance
Authors: Choi Kyoung Jin , Yoon Mi Young , Kim Ji-Eun , Yoon Sang Sun
Published: September 2023

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, is a widespread liver condition characterized by excessive fat buildup in hepatocytes without significant alcohol consumption. Manipulation of the gut microbiome has been considered to prevent and improve the occurrence and progression of MASLD, particularly through the gut-liver axis. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the gut microbiome and liver function and determine whether the gut microbiome can ameliorate MASLD. We comparatively analyzed the gut microbiome composition between mice fed normal chow and those fed a high-fat diet and observed that the abundance of Kineothrix alysoides decreased in the high-fat group. Further analysis showed that treatment with K. alysoides in the high-fat diet group led to decreased weight loss, and MASLD attenuation. Importantly, K. alysoides treatment attenuated MASLD in mice fed a high-fat, high-fructose diet (HFHF), which can cause advanced liver damage. Furthermore, administration of K. alysoides altered the gut microbial composition in the HFHF diet group and improved MASLD. Overall, these findings demonstrate the potential of K. alysoides in restoring gut health and facilitating lipid metabolism to prevent and treat MASLD.
Novel cationic cryptides in Penaeus vannamei demonstrate antimicrobial and anti-cancer activities
Authors: Abd El-Aal Amr Adel Ahmed , Jayakumar Fairen Angelin , Lahiri Chandrajit , Tan Kuan Onn , Reginald Kavita
Published: September 2023

Cryptides are a subfamily of bioactive peptides that exist in all living organisms. They are latently encrypted in their parent sequences and exhibit a wide range of biological activities when decrypted via in vivo or in vitro proteases. Cationic cryptides tend to be drawn to the negatively charged membranes of microbial and cancer cells, causing cell death through various mechanisms. This makes them promising candidates for alternative antimicrobial and anti-cancer therapies, as their mechanism of action is independent of gene mutations. In the current study, we employed an in silico approach to identify novel cationic cryptides with potential antimicrobial and anti-cancer activities in atypical and systematic strategy by reanalysis of a publicly available RNA-seq dataset of Pacific white shrimp (Penaus vannamei) in response to bacterial infection. Out of 12 cryptides identified, five were selected based on their net charges and potential for cell penetration. Following chemical synthesis, the cryptides were assayed in vitro to test for their biological activities. All five cryptides demonstrated a wide range of selective activity against the tested microbial and cancer cells, their anti-biofilm activities against mature biofilms, and their ability to interact with Gram-positive and negative bacterial membranes. Our research provides a framework for a comprehensive analysis of transcriptomes in various organisms to uncover novel bioactive cationic cryptides. This represents a significant step forward in combating the crisis of multi-drug-resistant microbial and cancer cells, as these cryptides neither induce mutations nor are influenced by mutations in the cells they target.
Structural and functional analysis of aquaporin-2 mutants involved in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Authors: Hagströmer Carl Johan , Hyld Steffen Jonas , Kreida Stefan , Al-Jubair Tamim , Frick Anna , Gourdon Pontus , Törnroth-Horsefield Susanna
Published: September 2023

Aquaporins are water channels found in the cell membrane, where they allow the passage of water molecules in and out of the cells. In the kidney collecting duct, arginine vasopressin-dependent trafficking of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) fine-tunes reabsorption of water from pre-urine, allowing precise regulation of the final urine volume. Point mutations in the gene for AQP2 may disturb this process and lead to nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), whereby patients void large volumes of highly hypo-osmotic urine. In recessive NDI, mutants of AQP2 are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum due to misfolding. Here we describe the structural and functional characterization of three AQP2 mutations associated with recessive NDI: T125M and T126M, situated close to a glycosylation site and A147T in the transmembrane region. Using a proteoliposome assay, we show that all three mutants permit the transport of water. The crystal structures of T125M and T126M together with biophysical characterization of all three mutants support that they retain the native structure, but that there is a significant destabilization of A147T. Our work provides unique molecular insights into the mechanisms behind recessive NDI as well as deepens our understanding of how misfolded proteins are recognized by the ER quality control system.
Investigating social comparison behaviour in an immersive virtual reality classroom based on eye-movement data
Authors: Hasenbein Lisa , Stark Philipp , Trautwein Ulrich , Gao Hong , Kasneci Enkelejda , Göllner Richard
Published: September 2023

Higher-achieving peers have repeatedly been found to negatively impact students’ evaluations of their own academic abilities (i.e., Big-Fish-Little-Pond Effect). Building on social comparison theory, this pattern is assumed to result from students comparing themselves to their classmates; however, based on existing research designs, it remains unclear how exactly students make use of social comparison information in the classroom. To determine the extent to which students (N = 353 sixth graders) actively attend and respond to social comparison information in the form of peers’ achievement-related behaviour, we used eye-tracking data from an immersive virtual reality (IVR) classroom. IVR classrooms offer unprecedented opportunities for psychological classroom research as they allow to integrate authentic classroom scenarios with maximum experimental control. In the present study, we experimentally varied virtual classmates’ achievement-related behaviour (i.e., their hand-raising in response to the teacher’s questions) during instruction, and students’ eye and gaze data showed that they actively processed this social comparison information. Students who attended more to social comparison information (as indicated by more frequent and longer gaze durations at peer learners) had less favourable self-evaluations. We discuss implications for the future use of IVR environments to study behaviours in the classroom and beyond.
Deep learning for video-based automated pain recognition in rabbits
Authors: Feighelstein Marcelo , Ehrlich Yamit , Naftaly Li , Alpin Miriam , Nadir Shenhav , Shimshoni Ilan , Pinho Renata H. , Luna Stelio P. L. , Zamansky Anna
Published: September 2023

Despite the wide range of uses of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) as experimental models for pain, as well as their increasing popularity as pets, pain assessment in rabbits is understudied. This study is the first to address automated detection of acute postoperative pain in rabbits. Using a dataset of video footage of n = 28 rabbits before (no pain) and after surgery (pain), we present an AI model for pain recognition using both the facial area and the body posture and reaching accuracy of above 87%. We apply a combination of 1 sec interval sampling with the Grayscale Short-Term stacking (GrayST) to incorporate temporal information for video classification at frame level and a frame selection technique to better exploit the availability of video data.
Communicating emotions, but not expressing them privately, reduces moral punishment in a Prisoner’s Dilemma game
Authors: Philippsen Ana , Mieth Laura , Buchner Axel , Bell Raoul
Published: September 2023

The existence of moral punishment, that is, the fact that cooperative people sacrifice resources to punish defecting partners requires an explanation. Potential explanations are that people punish defecting partners to privately express or to communicate their negative emotions in response to the experienced unfairness. If so, then providing participants with alternative ways to privately express or to communicate their emotions should reduce moral punishment. In two experiments, participants interacted with cooperating and defecting partners in a Prisoner’s Dilemma game. After each round, participants communicated their emotions to their partners (Experiments 1 and 2) or only expressed them privately (Experiment 2). Each trial concluded with a costly punishment option. Compared to a no-expression control group, moral punishment was reduced when emotions were communicated to the defecting partner but not when emotions were privately expressed. Moral punishment may thus serve to communicate emotions to defecting partners. However, moral punishment was only reduced but far from being eliminated, suggesting that the communication of emotions does not come close to replacing moral punishment. Furthermore, prompting participants to focus on their emotions had undesirable side-effects: Privately expressing emotions diminished cooperation, enhanced hypocritical punishment (i.e., punishment of defecting partners by defecting participants), and induced an unspecific bias to punish the partners irrespective of their actions.
RNA contact prediction by data efficient deep learning
Authors: Taubert Oskar , von der Lehr Fabrice , Bazarova Alina , Faber Christian , Knechtges Philipp , Weiel Marie , Debus Charlotte , Coquelin Daniel , Basermann Achim , Streit Achim , Kesselheim Stefan , Götz Markus , Schug Alexander
Published: September 2023

On the path to full understanding of the structure-function relationship or even design of RNA, structure prediction would offer an intriguing complement to experimental efforts. Any deep learning on RNA structure, however, is hampered by the sparsity of labeled training data. Utilizing the limited data available, we here focus on predicting spatial adjacencies ("contact maps”) as a proxy for 3D structure. Our model, BARNACLE, combines the utilization of unlabeled data through self-supervised pre-training and efficient use of the sparse labeled data through an XGBoost classifier. BARNACLE shows a considerable improvement over both the established classical baseline and a deep neural network. In order to demonstrate that our approach can be applied to tasks with similar data constraints, we show that our findings generalize to the related setting of accessible surface area prediction.
Sensitivity to intrinsic rewards is domain general and related to mental health
Authors: Blain Bastien , Pinhorn India , Sharot Tali
Published: September 2023

Humans frequently engage in intrinsically rewarding activities (for example, consuming art, reading). Despite such activities seeming diverse, we show that sensitivity to intrinsic rewards is domain general and associated with mental health. In this cross-sectional study, participants online (N = 483) were presented with putative visual, cognitive and social intrinsic rewards as well as monetary rewards and neutral stimuli. All rewards elicited positive feelings (were ‘liked’), generated consummatory behaviour (were ‘wanted’) and increased the likelihood of the action leading to them (were ‘reinforcing’). Factor analysis revealed that ~40% of response variance across stimuli was explained by a general sensitivity to all rewards, but not to neutral stimuli. Affective aspects of mental health were associated with sensitivity to intrinsic, but not monetary, rewards. These results may help explain thriving and suffering: individuals with high reward sensitivity will engage in a variety of intrinsically rewarding activities, eventually finding those they excel at, whereas low sensitivity individuals will not.
A novel 3D printed type II silk fibroin/polycaprolactone mesh for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Wu Jingya , Yao Hai , Yu Lili , Li Huawen , Zuo Yan , Liu Wenjun , Zhang Chunye , Fu Caili , Liu Mubiao
Published: September 2023

A regular mesh of silk fibroin (SF) and polycaprolactone (PCL) was prepared by electrohydrodynamic printing (EHDP). SF releases amino acids that promote tissue regeneration and increases the porosity of the mesh, increasing the rate of degradation and decreasing retention.
Biosynthesis of the fungal nonribosomal peptide penilumamide A and biochemical characterization of a pterin-specific adenylation domain
Authors: Heard Stephanie C. , Diehl Katharine L. , Winter Jaclyn M.
Published: September 2023

The first biosynthetic characterization of a lumazine-containing nonribosomal peptide and the biochemical investigation of the respective adenylation domains is described.
Elucidating local diffusion dynamics in nickel-rich layered oxide cathodes
Authors: Johnston Beth I. J. , McClelland Innes , Baker Peter J. , Cussen Serena A.
Published: September 2023

Elucidating Li-ion transport properties is essential for designing suitable methodologies to optimise electrochemical performance in Ni-rich cathodes for high energy density Li-ion batteries.
Structure and energetics of hydrogen bonding networks in dilute HOD/H2O solutions confined in silica nanopores
Authors: Ilgen Anastasia G. , Senanayake Hasini S. , Thompson Ward H. , Greathouse Jeffery A.
Published: September 2023

Nanoconfinement in silica nanopores strengthens hydrogen bonds near surfaces, and weakens hydrogen bonds in nanopore volume away from the surfaces.
Oxidative destruction of chlorinated persistent organic pollutants by hydroxyl radicals via ozone and UV light irradiation
Authors: Ragupathi Ayyakkannu , Charpe Vaibhav Pramod , Hwu Jih Ru , Hwang Kuo Chu
Published: September 2023

We demonstrate a simple, and economically feasible method for oxidative degradation of organochlorinated compounds and persistent organic pollutants at room temperature using inexpensive and eco-friendly ozone gas under ultraviolet irradiation.
Green and rapid acid-catalyzed ynamide skeletal rearrangement and stereospecific functionalization with anisole derivatives
Authors: Mutra Mohana Reddy , Chandana T. L. , Wang Yun-Jou , Wang Jeh-Jeng
Published: September 2023

Environmentally friendly acid-catalyzed 2-alkynyl-ynamides (N–Csp) bond cleavage, alkyne migration and stereospecific functionalization with anisole derivatives for the synthesis of challenging indole scaffolds in 5–10 minutes.
Scalable mesenchymal stem cell enrichment from bone marrow aspirate using deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) microfluidic sorting
Authors: Tan Kwan Zen Nicholas , Zeming Kerwin Kwek , Teo Kim Leng , Loberas Mavis , Lee Jialing , Goh Chin Ren , Yang Da Hou , Oh Steve , Hui Hoi Po James , Cool Simon M. , Hou Han Wei , Han Jongyoon
Published: September 2023

MSCs are enriched twice more efficiently with 10-fold shorten processing time from undiluted human bone marrow aspirate.
Reverse flow enhanced inertia pinched flow fractionation
Authors: Wang Saijie , Xu Quanchen , Zhang Zhihan , Chen Shengbo , Jiang Yizhou , Feng Zhuowei , Wang Dou , Jiang Xingyu
Published: September 2023

By setting the reverse flow channel at the end of the abruptly broadened segment, the flow field can be fundamentally changed, and the separation performance can be improved comprehensively compared with the traditional iPFF device.
Experimental and computational studies on the effects of C(2) methylation on the properties and gas separation performance of polyimide-ionene membranes
Authors: Dennis Grayson P. , O'Harra Kathryn E. , Liu Xiaoyang , Jackson Enrique M. , Heath Turner C. , Bara Jason E.
Published: September 2023

Designing polyimide-ionenes through selection of building blocks leads to different properties and performances in gas separation membranes.
Crystal phase control in self-catalyzed GaAs nanowires grown on pre-etched Si substrates
Authors: Wang Shan , Li Haolin , Tang Jilong , Kang Yubin , Wang Xiaohua , Chen Rui , Wei Zhipeng
Published: September 2023

The size and density of the etched pinholes on the Si substrate influence the equivalent V/III flux ratio, which enables the growth of high-quality GaAs nanowires.
Monolayer polar metals with large piezoelectricity derived from MoSi2N4
Authors: Yin Yan , Gong Qihua , Yi Min , Guo Wanlin
Published: September 2023

Four kinds of polar and metallic Janus monolayers derived from MoSi2N4 are for the first time reported to show large out-of-plane piezoelectric coefficients, owing to the weak coupling between electric polarity and metallicity.
Synthesis of Fe3O4/Fe2O3 nanoparticles modified with peroxidase with incorporated chromium and manganese ions
Authors: Długosz Olga , Matysik Julia , Matyjasik Wiktoria , Szostak Krzysztof , Banach Marcin
Published: September 2023

This paper presents a process for synthesising iron oxide nanoparticles modified with Cr(ii), Cr(iii) and Mn(ii) ions and immobilised peroxidase.
Efficiency enhancement of perovskite solar cell devices utilizing MXene and TiO2 as an electron transport layer
Authors: Bhattarai Sagar , Hossain M. Khalid , Toki G. F. Ishraque , Pandey Rahul , Madan Jaya , Samajdar D. P. , Ezzine Safa , Farhat Lamia Ben , Ansari Mohd Zahid , Ahammad Shaik Hasane , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki
Published: September 2023

In the rapid growth of perovskite solar cells, there are still specific issues regarding the extensive absorption of incident photons.
Correction: Insecticide discovery by drug repurposing: new synergistic inhibitors against Periplaneta americana
Authors: Chafer-Dolz Beatriz , Cecilia José M. , Imbernón Baldomero , Núñez-Delicado Estrella , Casaña-Giner Victor , Cerón-Carrasco José P.
Published: September 2023

Correction for ‘Insecticide discovery by drug repurposing: new synergistic inhibitors against Periplaneta americana’ by Beatriz Chafer-Dolz et al., New J. Chem., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3nj02676k.
Femtosecond-laser-assisted high-aspect-ratio nanolithography in lithium niobate
Authors: Wang Tianxin , Cheng Xiaoyan , Li Xuan , Ma Jianan , Yan Shuo , Hu Xueli , Qi Kai , Fan Weiwen , Liu Manman , Xu Xiaoyi , Lu Xiaomei , Jiang Xiaoshun , Zhang Yong
Published: September 2023

A femtosecond-laser-assisted lithium niobate nanolithography technique is developed. The etching rate is enhanced to 2 μm h−1. The nanohole size reaches ∼100 nm and the aspect ratio is above 40 : 1.
Selective electrophilic cyclization of ortho-carbonylarylacetylenols for the synthesis of cyclopenta[a]naphthalenol and 2-phenylnaphthalen-1-ol analogs
Authors: Jantrapirom Jantra , Yongpanich Phornphan , Tummatorn Jumreang , Chainok Kittipong , Jiajaroen Suwadee , Thongsornkleeb Charnsak , Ruchirawat Somsak
Published: September 2023

Synthesis of cyclopenta[a]naphthalenols and 2-phenylnaphthalen-1-ols via selective electrophilic cyclization using o-carbonylarylacetylenols is reported. Selectivity can be controlled using different acids and solvents to give a variety of products.
Amine-bearing cyclic ketene acetals for pH-responsive and degradable polyesters through radical ring-opening polymerisation
Authors: Deng Yiyi , Frezel Anaïs , Mehner Fabian , Friedel Peter , Gaitzsch Jens
Published: September 2023

A series of previously unreported amine-bearing cyclic ketene acetals (CKAs) furnished with different alkyl-substituents were prepared and polymerised into pH-responsive polyesters.
Low-coordination single Ni atoms on graphitic C3N4 for nitrite electroreduction to ammonia
Authors: Zhao Hongyan , Xiang Jiaqi , Zhang Guike , Chen Kai , Chu Ke
Published: September 2023

Single Ni atoms on g-C3N4 are verified as an efficient catalyst for electrocatalytic converting NO2− to NH3, which is attributed to the critical role of low-coordination Ni1–N2 moieties in activating and hydrogenating NO2− and retarding the HER.
A green and efficient two-step enzymatic esterification-hydrolysis method for enrichment of c9,t11-CLA isomer based on a three-liquid-phase system
Authors: Li Zhigang , Fang Yinglin , Yang Jiawei , Chen Huayong , Yang Bo , Wang Yonghua
Published: September 2023

A novel two-step enzymatic esterification-hydrolysis method that generates high-purity conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers was developed.
Inhibitory selectivity to the AKR1B10 and aldose reductase (AR): insight from molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations
Authors: Lin Ping , Niu Yuzhen
Published: September 2023

Molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations were used to explore the inhibitory selectivity to the AKR1B10 and aldose reductase (AR).
Sustainable bioactivity enhancement of ZnO–Ag nanoparticles in antimicrobial, antibiofilm, lung cancer, and photocatalytic applications
Authors: Dutta Gouranga , Chinnaiyan Santosh kumar , Sugumaran Abimanyu , Narayanasamy Damodharan
Published: September 2023

Green synthesized ZnO and ZnO–Ag NPs using a plant extract. SEM image validate the final product. Characterized by FTIR, XRD, zeta, XPS,etc.Following this, their anticancer, antibacterial, and photocatalytic potentials are evaluated.
Metabolomics analysis of MnO2 nanosheets CDT for breast cancer cells and mechanism of cytotoxic action
Authors: Liu Jian , Wen Changchun , Hu Miaomiao , Long Juan , Zhang Jing , Li Minzhe , Lin Xiang-Cheng
Published: September 2023

The ability of MnO2 NSs to kill tumor cells by generating ROS was verified by co-culturing the MnO2 NSs with 4T1 cells. Metabolites and metabolic pathways were analyzed using cell-based metabolomics to explore the effects and mechanisms of CDT.
Correction: New cyclic glycolipids from Silene succulenta promote in vitro MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell apoptosis by cell cycle arrest and in silico mitotic Mps1/TTK inhibition
Authors: Badawy Sarah A. , Hassan Ahmed R. , Elkousy Rawah H. , Abu El wafa Salwa A. , Mohammad Abd El-salam I.
Published: September 2023

Correction for ‘New cyclic glycolipids from Silene succulenta promote in vitro MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell apoptosis by cell cycle arrest and in silico mitotic Mps1/TTK inhibition’ by Sarah A. Badawy et al., RSC Adv., 2023, 13, 18627–18638, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA01793A.
Synthesis and metalation of polycatechol nanohoops derived from fluorocycloparaphenylenes
Authors: Kamin Ashlyn A. , Clayton Tara D. , Otteson Claire E. , Gannon Paige M. , Krajewski Sebastian , Kaminsky Werner , Jasti Ramesh , Xiao Dianne J.
Published: September 2023

Polycatechol nanohoop ligands are readily synthesized from fluorinated precursors and metalated, opening the door to new carbon nanohoop-based metal–organic materials.
Optimising the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to oxalic acid in propylene carbonate
Authors: Sale Halilu , Ubbara Gangi Reddy , Symes Mark D.
Published: September 2023

Herein, carbon dioxide electroreduction to oxalate/oxalic acid in a propylene carbonate solvent system, catalysed by the addition of benzonitrile is reported.
Analysis of charge trapping and long lived hole generation in SrTiO3 photoanodes
Authors: Wilson Anna A. , Shalvey Thomas P. , Kafizas Andreas , Mumtaz Asim , Durrant James R.
Published: September 2023

Long lived hole generation in SrTiO3 is observed herein using transient absorption spectroscopy, even in the absence of applied bias to drive charge separation.
Biosurfactants' production with substrates from the sugar industry – environmental, cost, market, and social aspects
Authors: Schonhoff Andreas , Stöckigt Gerrit , Wulf Christina , Zapp Petra , Kuckshinrichs Wilhelm
Published: September 2023

Transforming today's products and production processes towards a more sustainable bio-economy requires the consideration of environmental, cost and market related, as well as social aspects.
The acceleration of BODIPY dye-sensitized photocatalytic hydrogen production in aqueous ascorbic acid solutions using alkyl-chain formed second coordination sphere effects
Authors: Shen Xiao-Feng , Watanabe Motonori , Song Jun Tae , Takagaki Atsushi , Abe Tatsuki , Tanaka Keiji , Ishihara Tatsumi
Published: September 2023

Optimizing hydrogen production in ascorbic acid solutions: enhancing BODIPY dye-sensitized processes through alkyl-chain-enhanced second coordination sphere effects.
Protein-coated cobalt oxide–hydroxide nanospheres deliver photosensitizer IR780 iodide for near-infrared light-triggered photodynamic/photothermal/chemodynamic therapy against colon cancer
Authors: Hu Han , Yao Shijie , Xu Qi , Cai Xing , Mo Zhimin , Yang Zhe , Chen Wenqiu , He Qianyuan , Dai Xiaofang , Xu Zushun
Published: September 2023

The CoOOH-IR780@BSA (CoIRB) drug delivery nanoplatform allows for a combined approach of PTT/PDT/CDT against colon tumors, resulting in enhanced therapeutic efficacy through effective consumption of GSH and H2S.
Recycled and flexible boron nitride heat spread film with high thermal conductivity
Authors: Zhang Jianxiang , Kong Xiangdong , Wang Yandong , Zhang Zhenbang , Li Linhong , Xu Kang , Li Maohua , Yang Rongjie , Zhou Yiwei , Cai Tao , Dai Wen , Lin Cheng-Te , Nishimura Kazuhito , Pan Zhongbin , Jiang Nan , Yu Jinhong
Published: September 2023

The large-scale production of boron nitride (BN)/polyvinyl butyral (PVB) composite films with excellent thermal conductivity and recyclable properties was achieved through tape-casting and vacuum hot-pressing techniques.
Speech With Pauses Sounds Deceptive to Listeners With and Without Hearing Impairment
Authors: Patel Bindiya , Zhang Ziyun , McGettigan Carolyn , Belyk Michel
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

Communication is as much persuasion as it is the transfer of information. This creates a tension between the interests of the speaker and those of the listener, as dishonest speakers naturally attempt to hide deceptive speech and listeners are faced with the challenge of sorting truths from lies. Listeners with hearing impairment in particular may have differing levels of access to the acoustical cues that give away deceptive speech. A greater tendency toward speech pauses has been hypothesized to result from the cognitive demands of lying convincingly. Higher vocal pitch has also been hypothesized to mark the increased anxiety of a dishonest speaker.

Method:

Listeners with or without hearing impairments heard short utterances from natural conversations, some of which had been digitally manipulated to contain either increased pausing or raised vocal pitch. Listeners were asked to guess whether each statement was a lie in a two-alternative forced-choice task. Participants were also asked explicitly which cues they believed had influenced their decisions.

Results:

Statements were more likely to be perceived as a lie when they contained pauses, but not when vocal pitch was raised. This pattern held regardless of hearing ability. In contrast, both groups of listeners self-reported using vocal pitch cues to identify deceptive statements, though at lower rates than pauses.

Conclusions:

Listeners may have only partial awareness of the cues that influence their impression of dishonesty. Listeners with hearing impairment may place greater weight on acoustical cues according to the differing degrees of access provided by hearing aids.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24052446
Manual Rhythmic Sequencing Skills in Children With Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Vuolo Janet , Kinross Allison , DeHart Katlyn
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

Rhythm is one procedural mechanism that underlies language and motor skill acquisition and has been implicated in children with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). The purpose of this study is to investigate manual rhythmic sequencing skills in children with a history of or current CAS (hx/CAS) compared to children with typical development (TD).

Method:

Thirty-eight children (18 with hx/CAS, 20 with TD), ages 5;0–12;8 (years;months), from across the United States participated in an online study. Participants imitated two rhythms in two different conditions, clapping and tapping. We assessed overall accuracy, mean number of beats, pause marking, and rhythmic sequence variability using the Mann–Whitney
U
test. Effect sizes were calculated to examine the influence of coordinative complexity on performance.

Results:

Compared to children with TD, children with hx/CAS marked fewer trials with a pause in both conditions of the easier rhythm and showed lower overall accuracy and more variable rhythmic sequences in both rhythms and conditions. The mean number of beats produced by children with hx/CAS and children with TD did not differ in three out of four rhythms/conditions. Unlike children with TD, children with hx/CAS showed little improvement from clapping to tapping across most dependent measures; reducing coordination demands did not improve performance in children with hx/CAS.

Conclusions:

We found that children with hx/CAS show manual rhythmic deficits that are similar to the deficits they display in speech. These findings provide support for a domain-general cognitive mechanisms account of the rhythmic deficits observed across linguistic and nonlinguistic tasks in children with hx/CAS.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24052821
Anti‐interrupted sampling repeater jamming method for random pulse repetition interval and intra‐pulse frequency agile radar
Authors: Guo Tai , Zhan Haihong , Su Xingde , Wang Tao
Published: September 2023

Interrupted sampling repeater jamming can produce numerous active false targets with high fidelity, which is a significant challenge for coherent pulse radar. This poses a threat to the effectiveness of anti‐jamming technology, such as time‐frequency analysis and frequency agility for conventional constant pulse repetition interval (PRI) radar, which will render the radar inoperable to detect and track the actual target. A random PRI and intra‐pulse frequency agile radar waveform with low interception properties is proposed, which can effectively restrict the acquisition of radar waveform parameters by the jammer, destroy the coherence of jamming signals, and capture the range‐dimensional centroid feature of the echo. Accordingly, a jamming identification method based on the scale constrained Gaussian mixture model and an entity radar target energe recovery algorithm based on the neighbourhood weighted maximum entropy are proposed for target detection. Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposal.
The LISA Data Challenge Radler analysis and time-dependent ultra-compact binary catalogues
Authors: Lackeos Kristen , Littenberg Tyson B. , Cornish Neil J. , Thorpe James I.
Published: September 2023

Context. Galactic binaries account for the loudest combined continuous gravitational wave signal in the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) band, which spans a frequency range of 0.1 mHz–1 Hz.

Aims. A superposition of low frequency Galactic and extragalactic signals and instrument noise comprise the LISA data stream. Resolving as many Galactic binary signals as possible and characterising the unresolved Galactic foreground noise after their subtraction from the data are a necessary step towards a global fit solution to the LISA data.

Methods. We analysed a simulated gravitational wave time series of tens of millions of ultra-compact Galactic binaries hundreds of thousands of years from merger. This dataset is called the Radler galaxy and is part of the LISA Data Challenges. We used a Markov chain Monte Carlo search pipeline specifically designed to perform a global fit to the Galactic binaries and detector noise. Our analysis was performed for increasingly larger observation times of 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 months.

Results. We show that after one year of observing, as many as ten thousand ultra-compact binary signals are individually resolvable. Ultra-compact binary catalogues corresponding to each observation time are presented. The Radler galaxy is a training dataset, with binary parameters for every signal in the data stream included. We compare our derived catalogues to the LISA Data Challenge Radler catalogue to quantify the detection efficiency of the search pipeline. Included in the appendix is a more detailed analysis of two corner cases that provide insight into future improvements to our search pipeline.
Polarimetry and astrometry of NIR flares as event horizon scale, dynamical probes for the mass of Sgr A*
Authors:   GRAVITY Collaboration, Abuter R. , Aimar N. , Amaro Seoane P. , Amorim A. , Bauböck M. , Berger J. P. , Bonnet H. , Bourdarot G. , Brandner W. , Cardoso V. , Clénet Y. , Davies R. , de Zeeuw P. T. , Dexter J. , Drescher A. , Eckart A. , Eisenhauer F. , Feuchtgruber H. , Finger G. , Förster Schreiber N. M. , Foschi A. , Garcia P. , Gao F. , Gelles Z. , Gendron E. , Genzel R. , Gillessen S. , Hartl M. , Haubois X. , Haussmann F. , Heißel G. , Henning T. , Hippler S. , Horrobin M. , Jochum L. , Jocou L. , Kaufer A. , Kervella P. , Lacour S. , Lapeyrère V. , Le Bouquin J.-B. , Léna P. , Lutz D. , Mang F. , More N. , Ott T. , Paumard T. , Perraut K. , Perrin G. , Pfuhl O. , Rabien S. , Ribeiro D. C. , Sadun Bordoni M. , Scheithauer S. , Shangguan J. , Shimizu T. , Stadler J. , Straub O. , Straubmeier C. , Sturm E. , Tacconi L. J. , Vincent F. , von Fellenberg S. , Widmann F. , Wielgus M. , Wieprecht E. , Wiezorrek E. , Woillez J.
Published: September 2023

We present new astrometric and polarimetric observations of flares from Sgr A* obtained with GRAVITY, the near-infrared interferometer at ESO’s Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI), bringing the total sample of well-covered astrometric flares to four and polarimetric flares to six. Of all flares, two are well covered in both domains. All astrometric flares show clockwise motion in the plane of the sky with a period of around an hour, and the polarization vector rotates by one full loop in the same time. Given the apparent similarities of the flares, we present a common fit, taking into account the absence of strong Doppler boosting peaks in the light curves and the EHT-measured geometry. Our results are consistent with and significantly strengthen our model from 2018. First, we find that the combination of polarization period and measured flare radius of around nine gravitational radii (9Rg ≈ 1.5RISCO, innermost stable circular orbit) is consistent with Keplerian orbital motion of hot spots in the innermost accretion zone. The mass inside the flares’ radius is consistent with the 4.297 × 106 M⊙ measured from stellar orbits at several thousand Rg. This finding and the diameter of the millimeter shadow of Sgr A* thus support a single black hole model. Second, the magnetic field configuration is predominantly poloidal (vertical), and the flares’ orbital plane has a moderate inclination with respect to the plane of the sky, as shown by the non-detection of Doppler-boosting and the fact that we observe one polarization loop per astrometric loop. Finally, both the position angle on the sky and the required magnetic field strength suggest that the accretion flow is fueled and controlled by the winds of the massive young stars of the clockwise stellar disk 1–5″ from Sgr A*, in agreement with recent simulations.
Investigating stimulated ripening indicators of longbeak rattlebox (Crotalaria) planted in the coasts of the Aral Sea
Authors: Amanturdiev Botir , Allashov Bakhrom , Toreev Fozilbek , Khudoyberdiev Nurali , Beknaev Ulugbek
Published: September 2023

In recent years, the coast of the Aral Sea region has been undergoing comprehensive reforms aimed at fundamentally improving the environmental situation, accelerating the socio-economic development of the region, and increasing the lifestyle and income of the population. In Uzbekistan, great attention is paid to the effective use of selection, seed production and modern agro-technologies to increase the yield of fodder crops and improve the quality of grain. In particular, a lot of attention is paid to the productive use of saline lands in the strengthening of the feed base in animal husbandry, and various crops are planted in saline areas. In this article, samples of the longbeak rattlebox crop were planted in the coast of the Aral Sea, which has a unique natural climate. In addition, phenological measurements were carried out and the results obtained for each sample of valuable economic traits are presented. In the coast of the Aral Sea, seeds of 110 samples from the National Genbank were sown in 4 repetitions, an experimental nursery was established, and the results of valuable economic traits were studied and presented based on phenological observations and statistical analysis.
Monitoring of the current state of tugai ecosystems in the conditions of the southern Aral Sea region
Authors: Saparova Gulnaz , Kutlymuratova Gulzar , Mambetullayeva Svetlana , Yuldasheva Nadira
Published: September 2023

This article presents the results of monitoring the current state of the tugai in the South Aral Sea region. Over the past decades, as a result of a sharp increase in anthropogenic pressure on tugai forest ecosystems, there has been a catastrophic reduction in their areas, a violation of the ecological stability of ecosystems. The main area of distribution of tugai vegetation in the territory of Karakalpakstan is the lower reaches of the Amu Darya. Considering that tugai forests are a complex biological system with a long reproduction period, it is important to comprehensively know the influence of climatic and soil conditions on their formation and development. Tugai massifs are a unique type of ecosystems. They should be considered as a natural reserve of unique flora and fauna. During the formation and development of tugai communities, the ecological conditions of habitats change, which, in turn, affect communities. This mutual influence occurs during the entire period of their existence, being reflected in the accumulation of biological mass. In this connection, it is extremely interesting to consider the dynamics of changes in the productivity of tugai communities in the Amudarya delta. It is shown that as a result of a sharp increase in anthropogenic pressure on tugai forest ecosystems, their areas have sharply decreased, and the ecological stability of tugai ecosystems has been violated. Currently, in the tugai massifs of the lower reaches of the Amudarya, there are 55 species of tugai plants belonging to 21 families and 47 genera.
Tolerance of cotton to certain biotic factors and fiber quality parameters of the ridges created by simple and complex hybridization
Authors: Toreev Fozilbek , Orozov Bahriddin , Shodmonova Gulnoza , Rasulov Soyibjon
Published: September 2023

Among the strains derived from simple hybrids studied in the experiments, T-3 T-9, T-18 and strains T-43, T-53, T-57 and 60 from strains derived from complex hybrids were resistant to gommosis and wilt diseases. As a result of several years of research, it was found that the ridges obtained from complex hybrids were less affected by gommosis and wilt diseases than the ridges obtained as a result of simple hybridization. It was found that wilt disease was 3-4 times more resistant in the ridges created as a result of simple and complex hybridization compared to the model seed. Lines T-155, T-158, T-163, T-167, T-188 and T-208 from simple hybrids of cotton and lines T-212, T-215, T-220 and T-222 from complex hybrids are other It was determined that the quality of the fiber meets the requirements of the world standards in relation to the ridges and pattern type. In the studied samples, the families of ridges that do not have positive quality indicators such as fiber micronaire, yarn elasticity coefficient, fiber length, relative tensile strength and fiber uniformity are discarded, and experiments are carried out in the following years in order to incorporate new ridges that meet the requirements of the world standard with other economically valuable characteristics detached to continue.
Determination of the pathogenicity of the fungi Leveillula Saxifragacearum and Sphaerotheca Mors Uvae causing mildew disease
Authors: Jumanazarov Gayrat , Rakhmanov Ubaydulla , Omonlikov Alisher , Businov Mukhiddin
Published: September 2023

Powdery mildew-causing fungi constitute around ten percent of the documented fungal species found in Uzbekistan. Among these fungi, a significant portion has developed adaptations to thrive in arid climatic conditions, reflecting their ability to endure dry environments. However, it’s noteworthy that there also exists a substantial presence of fungi within this group that prefer moisture-rich surroundings. This variation in ecological preferences is evident not only between different fungal species but also within species belonging to the same botanical family. Such diversity in moisture requirements underscores the complex interplay between these fungi and the unique environmental conditions present in Uzbekistan. The article outlines a methodology and presents experimental data aimed at assessing the pathogenicity of two fungi, namely Leveillula saxifragacearum and Sphaerotheca mors uvae. These fungi are responsible for causing powdery mildew, a fungal disease, in the blackcurrant plant. The significance of this plant lies in its medicinal properties. The study provides insights into the mechanisms through which these fungi affect the blackcurrant plant and cause powdery mildew, which can have detrimental effects on its growth and health. By detailing the experimental approach and sharing gathered data, the article contributes to a better understanding of the interactions between these fungi and the medicinal blackcurrant plant. This research has the potential to guide efforts to manage and mitigate the impact of powdery mildew on blackcurrant cultivation, ultimately preserving and enhancing the plant’s medicinal qualities.