bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application Effect of Meticulous Nursing on Community Elderly Patients with Coronary Heart Disease under the Background of Medical Treatment Partnerships
Authors: Hao Wei , Ma Tian , Feng Chun
Published: December 2021

Objective. To explore the application effect of meticulous nursing on community elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) under the background of medical treatment partnerships. Methods. A total of 96 elderly CHD patients treated in the community from July 2019 to July 2020 were selected as the research objects and divided into the experimental group (n = 48) and control group (n = 48) by the medical personnel according to their admission order. Clinical routine nursing was performed to the patients in the control group, and meticulous nursing under the background of medical treatment partnerships was conducted to the patients in the experimental group, so as to evaluate their quality of life (QOL) and self-care agency after intervention by the Chinese Questionnaire on Quality of Life in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease (CQQC) and Exercise of Self-Care Agency (ESCA) scale. Results. Compared with the control group after intervention, the patients in the experimental group presented significantly higher ESCA scores, HHI scores, and CQQC scores and longer 6 min walking distance (

P
<
0.001

) and remarkably lower POMS scores (

P
<
0.001

) and had obviously higher numbers of cases with various health-related actions (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Meticulous nursing under the background of medical treatment partnerships is a reliable method for improving the QOL and mood state of community elderly CHD patients, which greatly promotes patients’ self-care agency and expectation. Further research will be conducive to establishing a better solution for patients.
Fast and Accurate Position Determination of Multimodal Couplings of Steel Rolling Machinery and Equipment Combined with Multimedia Optimized Particle Filters
Authors: Tan Jian
Published: December 2021

During the overhaul and maintenance of the transmission system of the modern rolling mill, a very common problem is the positioning of the motor and the reducer or speed increaser. The operation of the equipment and the service life of the equipment will be significantly affected by the accuracy of the multimodal coupling position determination. Therefore, precise positioning and rapid positioning must be achieved. This article intends to analyze how this type of equipment achieves rapid and accurate positioning and what factors will affect the location determination process.
Face Reconstruction Based on Multiscale Feature Fusion and 3D Animation Design
Authors: Xu Lili
Published: December 2021

The development of the Internet of Things and 3D technology promotes the wide application of face models in 3D animation. However, because the expression is inconsistent with the facial muscle movement, the reconstruction results may be far from the real appearance in the process of reconstructing the face appearance. Therefore, this paper proposes a character expression simulation model under the framework of 3DS Max. According to the relationship between head bones and muscles, a facial muscle motion model was established. Then, the expression simulation design of the original three-dimensional animation character “yaya” was carried out under the framework of 3DS Max technology. The experimental results of “yaya” facial expression test showed that the face simulation model using this method not only has vivid and natural expression but also conforms to the law of facial muscle movement, which provides an important reference for the construction and application of 3D face model.
Optimization of Kurtosis in the Extend-Infomax Blind Signal Separation Algorithm
Authors: Cui Zhitao , Zhang Yongcai , Yi Niu
Published: December 2021

A kurtosis optimization method is proposed to improve the blind separated signal qualities based on the extend-infomax algorithm. The kurtosis of the hypothetical source signal was optimized based on the probability density function of sub-Gaussian signals. Obtained parameters after kurtosis optimization were then utilized to validate the effectiveness of the algorithm, which showed that the running time of the algorithm was significantly reduced, and the qualities of the separated signals were enhanced. Methods. Using kurtosis as a control variable, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out on the algorithm’s performance metrics, the number of iterations, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the separated signal. Results. The results showed that there were significant differences in the above metrics under different kurtosis levels. The curves of average metric values indicate that, with the increase in kurtosis of the hypothetical source signal, the performance of the algorithm was improved.
Resource Configuration Efficiency and Influencing Factors of Elderly Care Services Based on a Data-Driven DEA-Tobit Approach
Authors: Luan Dongqing , Zhao Ziqing , Xie Yanxi
Published: December 2021

Efficient resource configuration is critical to providing sustainable aged care services. Empirical studies are conducted with a two-stage data-driven method of DEA-Tobit. First, the BCC model of data envelopment analysis is employed, to determine whether the values obtained from the three efficiency aspects (namely technical, pure technical, and scale) are situated in the frontiers of production, whether DEA is effective, and whether the problems of uneconomical scale or low technical level are available. Next, the causes of these problems are analyzed. Then, the regression analysis is performed using Tobit with the influencing factors including GDP, the number of institutions engaged in elderly care, the number of day service centers in the communities, the number of medical service institutions for the elderly, and the density of the elderly population. Known as a city with a severely aging population, Shanghai will be selected for a case study to propose countermeasures from the three dimensions of the elderly group, the elderly care industry, and the market environment.
Efficacy and Adverse Effects of Atropine for Myopia Control in Children: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Chen ChunWen , Yao JingYan
Published: December 2021

Objectives. To explore the rebound effects and safety of atropine on accommodation amplitude in slowing myopia progression. Methods. We conducted a meta-analysis to testify proper dosage of atropine in children with myopia. We searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid, and the Cochrane Library up to March 30, 2021. We selected randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy of atropine for controlling myopia progression in children. We performed the inverse variance random-effects model to pool the data using mean difference (MD) for continuous variables. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 test. Additionally, we conducted subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. Results. Seventeen RCTs involving 2955 participants were included. Myopia progression was significantly less in the atropine group than that of the control group, with MD = 0.38 D per year (95% confidence interval, 0.20 to 0.56). Less axial elongation was shown with MD = −0.19 mm per year (95% CI, −0.25 to −0.12). There was a statistically difference among various doses (

p
=
0.00001

). In addition, 1.0% atropine showed the rebound effect with MD = −0.54 D per year (95% CI, −0.81 to −0.26) and was more effective in the latter six months than in the former one. Less accommodation amplitude was shown in 0.01% atropine. Conclusion. The efficacy of atropine is dose dependent, and 0.01% atropine may be the optimal dose in slowing myopia progression in children with no accommodation dysfunction. A rebound effect is more prominent in high-dose atropine in the former cessation after discontinuation.
Application of VR in the Experimental Teaching of Animation Art
Authors: Deng Xi , Lei Jieqing , Chen Mobai
Published: December 2021

As computer technology advanced, VR has emerged. It is a virtual environment based on high-tech computer technology that can bring people a sense of reality and sensory experience. Through specific devices or equipment, it uses unique means to interact and communicate with the target object in the virtual environment, so that the professor can get a sense of reality and immersive experience. In order to increase students’ interest in teaching content, and at the same time to develop the education industry to achieve technology, this article combines virtual reality technology with experimental teaching. The paper discusses the use of VR in animation art experimental teaching and plans to provide thoughts and instructions about the fresh way in animation experimental teaching. This paper proposes the application research methods of VR in animation experiment teaching, including literature research method, expert interview method, questionnaire survey method, VR animation art teaching based on image method, and VR animation teaching evaluation clustering algorithm, which is used for conducting research experiments on the utilization of VR in animation art experimental learning. The experimental results in this article show that 96.25% of students like animation art VR experimental teaching system, which is helpful to the development of the teaching work.
An Analysis of English Classroom Multimedia Teaching Quality Based on Elite Teaching Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Zhao Chunhua , Jiang Dongyan
Published: December 2021

As China is increasingly developing towards internationalization, English has become one of the essential skills for foreign communication. In view of the evaluation of music teaching quality, this paper tries to introduce elite teaching optimization algorithm, use multimedia to assist, sort out the factors affecting English teaching quality to build the corresponding indexes, select and optimize the English teaching quality evaluation model, and finally judge the results of English teaching quality. The simulation results show that the elite teaching optimization algorithm is effective and can support the quality analysis of English classroom multimedia teaching.
Hyoid Bone Position in Patients with and without Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthrosis: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Cephalometric Analysis
Authors: Zhou Xueman , Xiong Xin , Yan Zhebin , Xiao Chuqiao , Zheng Yingcheng , Wang Jun
Published: December 2021

Objective. To assess the differences in hyoid bone position in patients with and without temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis (TMJOA). Methods. The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 427 participants whose osseous status was evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography and classified into normal, indeterminate osteoarthrosis (OA), and OA. The hyoid bone position and craniofacial characteristics were evaluated using cephalograms. Patients were divided into the normal group (N = 89), indeterminate OA group (N = 182), and OA group (N = 156). Descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, and age- and sex-based stratified analyses were performed.

P
<
0.05

was considered statistically significant. Results. The differences in Hy to MP, Hy-RGn, Hy to C3-RGn, C3-RGn, and Go-Hy-Me among the three groups were statistically significant. The differences in the Frankfort-mandibular plane angle, saddle angle, articular angle, gonial angle, ramus height, and posterior facial height were statistically significant. After adjusting age and sex, the Hy-RGn and C3-RGn in the normal group were significantly greater than the OA group. No statistical differences were observed in the hyoid measurements in the stratified analyses in males or subjects less than 18 years old. The differences in Hy to MP, Hy to C3-RGn, and Go-Hy-Me in female patients among the three groups were statistically significant. The differences in Hy to SN, Hy to FH, Hy to PP, Hy to MP, Hy-RGn, Hy-C3, Hy to C3-RGn, Go-Hy-Me, Hy-S, and C3-Hy-S in adults were statistically significant. Conclusion. The differences in the hyoid bone position, mainly relative to the mandible, were statistically significant in patients with or without TMJOA. The difference pattern varied among different age and sex groups. Clinical evaluation of the hyoid position must consider the age and sex of patients. Longitudinal studies are required to clarify the causal relationship between TMJOA and hyoid bone position.
Recurrent Superenhancer of the Oncogene POU5F1B in Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Tao Han-chuan , Wang Cheng , Ma Ning , Zhu Xun , Zhou Xiao-jun
Published: December 2021

Superenhancer usages in single cancer form such as colorectal cancer (CRC) may provide novel efficient targeting candidates. It is unclear whether CRC contains recurrent superenhancers that confer a predisposition to malignancy. We investigated the superenhancer profile of CRC cell line HCT116 and compared it to that of a healthy sigmoid colon. We found that HCT116 had lost most of the normal colon superenhancer activities but gained a new set of tumor‐favoring superenhancers that facilitate tumor proliferation, growth signalling, and hypoxia resistance. Inhibiting the superenhancers by JQ‐1 treatment had significantly decreased the colony formation capability of HCT116. Then, by comparing the superenhancer genes and robust CRC upregulated genes, we identified a superenhancer associated with a common CRC upregulated oncogene, POU5f1B. POU5f1B overexpression is related to the worse outcome in CRCs. Via performing ChIP‐PCR in 35 clinical samples and investigating CRC anti‐H3K27ac ChiP‐seq public dataset consisting of 36 samples, we further identified that the superenhancer of oncogene POU5F1B is recurrently activated in CRCs, taking 62 and 72 per cent, respectively. Moreover, JQ‐1 treatment successfully inhibited the POU5F1B expression in 5 out of 6 POU5F1B superenhancer‐positive samples. Therefore, we concluded that the superenhancer activation of POU5F1B contributes partially to its high expression in CRCs, in addition to the well‐known gene amplification aetiology.
A Case of Synovial Chondromatosis of Temporomandibular Joint with Numerous Loose Bodies
Authors: Matsusue Yumiko , Yamamoto Kazuhiko , Yamakawa Nobuhiro , Yamamoto Ikumi , Matsuda Shinpei , Yoshimura Hitoshi , Kawakami Tetsuji , Kirita Tadaaki
Published: December 2021

Here, we report a case of synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with numerous loose bodies. A 56-year-old woman was examined in the oral surgery department for trismus and pain in the left TMJ when opening the mouth. Imaging indicated TMJ synovial chondromatosis, and the patient was referred to our department for further examination. Her facial features were symmetrical, and no occlusal abnormalities were found. The maximum mouth opening was 30 mm, and movement of the left mandibular condyle was restricted and accompanied by pain and joint sounds. Panoramic radiography showed deformation of the left mandibular condyle and radiopaque lesions surrounding it. Computed tomography showed numerous small granules around the left mandibular condyle, some of which were calcified. Magnetic resonance imaging showed anterior disc displacement without reduction in the left TMJ and hypointense lesions on T2-weighted images. Bone scintigraphy showed an accumulation in the area of the left TMJ. Based on the diagnosis of the left TMJ synovial chondromatosis, the lesions were removed, and plastic surgery on the mandibular condyle was performed under general anesthesia. We removed 386 white loose bodies. Histopathologically, the loose bodies were consistent with synovial chondromatosis lesions. The postoperative course was uneventful, with no recurrence or TMJ dysfunction approximately 5 years after the surgery, indicating that open surgery is the best course of intervention in such cases.
Feasibility of Using H3PO4/H2O2 in the Synthesis of Antimicrobial TiO2 Nanoporous Surfaces
Authors: Valdez-Salas Benjamín , Beltrán-Partida Ernesto
Published: December 2021

Ti6Al4V alloys are the primary materials used for clinical bone regeneration and restoration; however, they are substantially susceptible to biomaterial-related infections. Therefore, in the present work, we applied a controllable and stable oxidative nanopatterning strategy by applying H3PO4, a weaker dissociating acid, as a substitute for H2SO4 in the classical piranha reaction. The results suggest that our method acted as a concomitant platform to develop reproducible diameter-controlled TiO2 nanopores (NPs). Interestingly, our procedure illustrated stable temperature reactions without exothermic responses since the addition of mixture preparation to the nanopatterning reactions. The reactions were carried out for 30 min (NP14), 1 h (NP7), and 2 h (NP36), suggesting the formation of a thin nanopore layer as observed by Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity revealed that NP7 could disrupt active microbial colonization for 2 h and 6 h. The phenotype configuration strikingly showed that NP7 does not alter the cell morphology, thus proposing a disruptive adhesion pathway instead of cellular lysis. Furthermore, preliminary assays suggested an early promoted osteoblasts viability in comparison to the control material. Our work opens a new path for the rationale design of nanobiomaterials with “intelligent surfaces” capable of decreasing microbial adhesion, increasing osteoblast viability, and being scalable for industrial transfer.
Traditional Cultural Short Video Publicity System Based on Data Mining and Digital Image Technology
Authors: Guo Xiaoyue , Feng Jingjing
Published: December 2021

With the continuous development of the social economy, more and more attention has been paid to traditional cultures, such as Chinese-style clothing, decoration, and furniture, and the publicity of traditional culture is also diverse. However, it should be noted that the rise of short videos has promoted the diversification of traditional culture publicity methods. In this paper, data mining technology and digital technology are introduced. By sorting out the content, publicity strategy, and emphasis of traditional culture, and through correlation analysis, the audience of traditional culture has been wider, and the content has been transmitted more, aiming to make more Chinese people love traditional culture and promote traditional culture. The simulation results show that data mining and digital technology are effective and can effectively promote the propaganda of short videos of traditional culture.
Hybrid Sharpening Transformation Approach for Multifocus Image Fusion Using Medical and Nonmedical Images
Authors: Khan Sarwar Shah , Khan Muzammil , Alharbi Yasser , Haider Usman , Ullah Kifayat , Haider Shahab
Published: December 2021

In this study, we introduced a preprocessing novel transformation approach for multifocus image fusion. In the multifocus image, fusion has generated a high informative image by merging two source images with different areas or objects in focus. Acutely the preprocessing means sharpening performed on the images before applying fusion techniques. In this paper, along with the novel concept, a new sharpening technique, Laplacian filter + discrete Fourier transform (LF + DFT), is also proposed. The LF is used to recognize the meaningful discontinuities in an image. DFT recognizes that the rapid change in the image is like sudden changes in the frequencies, low-frequency to high-frequency in the images. The aim of image sharpening is to highlight the key features, identifying the minor details, and sharpen the edges while the previous methods are not so effective. To validate the effectiveness the proposed method, the fusion is performed by a couple of advanced techniques such as stationary wavelet transform (SWT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) with both types of images like grayscale and color image. The experiments are performed on nonmedical and medical (breast medical CT and MRI images) datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms all evaluated qualitative and quantitative metrics. Quantitative assessment is performed by eight well-known metrics, and every metric described its own feature by which it is easily assumed that the proposed method is superior. The experimental results of the proposed technique SWT (LF + DFT) are summarized for evaluation matrices such as RMSE (5.6761), PFE (3.4378), MAE (0.4010), entropy (9.0121), SNR (26.8609), PSNR (40.1349), CC (0.9978), and ERGAS (2.2589) using clock dataset.
Spatial Econometric Analysis of China’s Sports Capital Market
Authors: Chen Xu , Zhu Qiying
Published: December 2021

The capital market provides important capital factor guarantee and supply-side support for the high-quality development of the sports industry, and the healthy development of the sports capital market, which is composed of securities market, loan market, trading derivative market, and physical market, plays a vital role in ensuring the smooth and efficient operation of the sports market economy mechanism. At the present stage, how to play the role of resource allocation in China’s sports capital market and how to improve the quality and efficiency of the sports industry by the capital market have become the core issue of research and discussion. Taking A-share listed companies as the typical micro-market subjects, this paper analyzes the financing needs and behaviors of sports listed companies and the support degree of different types of capital markets; on the basis of traditional measurement methods, spatial econometric analysis is used to explore the effectiveness of capital market on the development of the sports industry.
Research on the Academic Impact of Sports in the Multidimensional Matrix Evaluation Framework
Authors: Zhang Ruiqing , Liu Yifan
Published: December 2021

Sport trade frictions have continued to evolve and escalate, which has a great impact on sport academic cooperation. In order to objectively assess the impact of sports scholarship on China and provide evidence to support future changes in sports academic cooperation, this study takes 269,647 academic papers produced by sports alone from 2010–2018 as the research object and integrates explicit, implicit, and performance information contained in the paper output to construct a multidimensional matrix assessment framework. The horizontal dimension splits the collaborative research output into three mutually exclusive subsets: China-led collaborative research, sport-led collaborative research, and bisectional collaborative research; the vertical dimension systematically analyzes the characteristics of collaborative sport academic research in terms of participants, research content, and research level. The purpose of this study is to characterize the role and status of academic cooperation between the two countries through a long period, large sample, and multidimensional perspective, to make an objective assessment of the impact of academic cooperation between the two countries, and to provide evidence to support a reasonable response to the impact of changes in the relationship between the two countries on academic cooperation.
Schwannoma of the Appendix Orifice
Authors: Alkhattab Maha , Dhannoon Amenah , Sehgal Rishabh , Gormley Conor , Sheehan Margaret , Mclaughlin Ray
Published: December 2021

Schwannomas are rare mesenchymal tumors. They are usually diagnosed incidentally during endoscopic or diagnostic imaging for another reason. Malignant transformation is rare. In this case report, we present an incidental schwannoma protruding through the appendiceal orifice diagnosed during endoscopy. A healthy 56-year-old female underwent a surveillance colonoscopy for family history of colorectal cancer. A prominent and edematous appendiceal orifice was noted, and the area was aggressively biopsied. Histopathological assessment revealed a benign schwannoma. Computerized topography was unremarkable. Subsequently, the patient underwent a right hemicolectomy. Patient is scheduled to undergo routine surveillance in three years. Grossly, schwannomas are white, encapsulated, and well-circumscribed lesions that stain strongly positive for S100, GFAP, and CD57. Histologically, schwannomas demonstrate spindle cell proliferation. Several imaging modalities have been utilized in the diagnosis and management of mesenchymal neoplasms. Despite the benign nature of the diagnosis, complete surgical resection with clear margins remains the gold standard management strategy. Our case highlights the presence of a relatively uncommon tumor in an unusual anatomical location.
A Hybrid Oral Rehabilitation of Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Conservative Approach with Three-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Kaushik Aryen , Sinha HarshVardhan , Hombesh M. N. , Rani Pooja , Kaur Taranjeet
Published: December 2021

This case report presents a 19-year-old male patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, having a chief complaint of multiple missing teeth. Atraumatic extraction of the teeth with hopeless prognosis was done, and teeth with grade 2 mobility were submerged using cast dowel and coping. Following this, incremental increase in the vertical dimension was made using removable flexible splint of two-millimeter thickness. After facebow transfer and making appropriate eccentric bite records to program the semiadjustable articulator, wax-up was done at the desired vertical dimension (VD). The upper arch was finally restored using a long-span fixed partial denture and lower arch using bilateral attachment (Rhein 83) retained cast removable partial denture as a definitive prosthesis. Therefore, in conditions like hypodontia or oligodontia caused due to ectodermal dysplasia, attachment retained removable partial denture may prove beneficial by effectively distributing the occlusal forces. In clinical scenarios where implant is not feasible or not opted by the patient, this combination treatment may be a viable option.
Mixed Script Identification Using Automated DNN Hyperparameter Optimization
Authors: Yasir Muhammad , Chen Li , Khatoon Amna , Malik Muhammad Amir , Abid Fazeel
Published: December 2021

Mixed script identification is a hindrance for automated natural language processing systems. Mixing cursive scripts of different languages is a challenge because NLP methods like POS tagging and word sense disambiguation suffer from noisy text. This study tackles the challenge of mixed script identification for mixed‐code dataset consisting of Roman Urdu, Hindi, Saraiki, Bengali, and English. The language identification model is trained using word vectorization and RNN variants. Moreover, through experimental investigation, different architectures are optimized for the task associated with Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM, Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), and Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (Bi‐GRU). Experimentation achieved the highest accuracy of 90.17 for Bi‐GRU, applying learned word class features along with embedding with GloVe. Moreover, this study addresses the issues related to multilingual environments, such as Roman words merged with English characters, generative spellings, and phonetic typing.
Numerical Simulation and Field Measurement Analysis of Fracture Evolution and Seepage Response of Key Aquiclude Strata in Backfill Mining
Authors: Sun Qiang , Chen Yong , Huang Jianli , Ma Dan , Zhu Cunli , Liu Yue
Published: December 2021

Solid waste backfill mining can effectively deal with gangue and other mining wastes, as well as control the movement and damage of rock strata. In this paper, the RFPA2D rock failure process analysis software is used to study the fracture evolution and seepage response mechanism of the key aquiclude strata (KAS) under the conditions of different structural characteristics, interlayer rock thickness, and backfilling ratios in backfill mining. The simulation results show that, in backfill mining, soft rock plays a crucial role in the fracture repair of KAS with different structural characteristics. An increase in the KAS thickness from 15 to 35 m is shown to results in a continuously improved repair of KAS fractures. At the advancing distance of the working face of 50~100 m and the KAS thickness of 35 m, the minimum vertical seepage velocity of

0.06
‐
0.78

×

10

−
2

 
m
/
s

is reached. An increase in the backfilling ratio from 45 to 80% improves the control effect on the overlying strata. A case study of backfill mining in the Wugou Coal Mine located in the Anhui Province of China was conducted. At the goaf backfilling ratio of 80%, the composite KAS’s good control effect was achieved, which minimized seepage and avoided the water in rush phenomena. The above engineering application ensured the safe backfill mining of coal resources.
Increased Serum Neuropeptide Galanin Level Is a Predictor of Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Hip Fracture
Authors: Xue Zichao , Zhang Ke , Luo Biao , Fan Long , Zhao Ruizhe , Hu Guangliang
Published: December 2021

Background. Hip fracture is a common occurrence in elderly populations and is frequently followed by various levels of cognitive dysfunction, leading to adverse functional outcomes. Risk stratification of hip fracture patients to identify high-risk subsets can enable improved strategies to mitigate cognitive complications. The neuropeptide galanin has multiple neurological functions, and altered levels are documented in dementia-type and depression disorders. The present study investigated the association of serum neuropeptide galanin levels in hip fracture patients with the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction during the first week of admission. Methods. 276 hip fracture patients without preexisting delirium, cognitive impairment, or severe mental disorders were included in a cross-sectional study. Serum galanin levels were assessed by ELISA on the second day of admission. Routine clinical and laboratory variables were documented. MoCA was performed within 1 week, and those with a

score
<
26

were categorized with “cognitive decline.” Inferential statistics including multiple linear regression analysis were applied to determine the association of serum galanin level and cognitive status. Results. 141 patients were categorized with “cognitive decline,” and 135 patients were categorized as “cognitively normal.” Serum galanin was highly significantly increased in the “cognitive decline” group (

34.2
±
4.8

, pg/ml) compared to the “cognitively normal” group (

28.9
±
3.7

, pg/ml) and showed significant negative correlation with MoCA scores (

r
=
−
0.229

,

p
=
0.016

). Regression analysis showed serum galanin as the sole significant independent predictor of lower MoCA scores (

β
=
0.231

,

p
=
0.035

) while age, gender, blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood glucose levels had no significant association. Conclusion. Higher serum galanin predicted the development of cognitive dysfunction and worse MoCA scores in a cohort of hip fracture patients without preexisting cognitive impairment or delirium at admission, thus warranting large-scale studies investigating galanin as a candidate biomarker to identify hip fracture patients at risk of cognitive decline.
Several Characterizations on Degree-Based Topological Indices for Star of David Network
Authors: Salamat Nadeem , Kamran Muhammad , Ali Shahbaz , Alam Md. Ashraful , Khan Riaz Hussain
Published: December 2021

In order to make quantitative structure-movement/property/danger relations, topological indices (TIs) are the numbers that are related to subatomic graphs. Some fundamental physicochemical properties of chemical compounds, such as breaking point, protection, and strain vitality, correspond to these TIs. In the compound graph hypothesis, the concept of TIs was developed in view of the degree of vertices. In investigating minimizing exercises of Star of David, these indices are useful. In this study, we explore the different types of Zagreb indices, Randić indices, atom-bond connectivity indices, redefined Zagreb indices, and geometric-arithmetic index for the Star of David. The edge partitions of this network are tabled based on the sum of degrees-of-end vertices and the sum of degree-based edges. To produce closed formulas for some degree-based network TIs, these edge partitions are employed.
A Real‐Time Object Detector for Autonomous Vehicles Based on YOLOv4
Authors: Wang Rui , Wang Ziyue , Xu Zhengwei , Wang Chi , Li Qiang , Zhang Yuxin , Li Hua
Published: December 2021

Object detection is an important part of autonomous driving technology. To ensure the safe running of vehicles at high speed, real‐time and accurate detection of all the objects on the road is required. How to balance the speed and accuracy of detection is a hot research topic in recent years. This paper puts forward a one‐stage object detection algorithm based on YOLOv4, which improves the detection accuracy and supports real‐time operation. The backbone of the algorithm doubles the stacking times of the last residual block of CSPDarkNet53. The neck of the algorithm replaces the SPP with the RFB structure, improves the PAN structure of the feature fusion module, adds the attention mechanism CBAM and CA structure to the backbone and neck structure, and finally reduces the overall width of the network to the original 3/4, so as to reduce the model parameters and improve the inference speed. Compared with YOLOv4, the algorithm in this paper improves the average accuracy on KITTI dataset by 2.06% and BDD dataset by 2.95%. When the detection accuracy is almost unchanged, the inference speed of this algorithm is increased by 9.14%, and it can detect in real time at a speed of more than 58.47 FPS.
Study on the Intention of Foreign Trade Driven by Cross-Border E-Commerce Based on Blockchain Technology
Authors: Gao Tiange
Published: December 2021

Cross-border e-commerce is also facing the problems of cross-border goods selling counterfeit, long delivery time of cross-border logistics, and high cross-border payment fee in the process of development. Blockchain technology, with its characteristics of high trustworthiness, traceability, and information immutability, can be applied to the field of cross-border e-commerce, providing a new direction for cross-border e-commerce to solve these problems. At the present stage, scholars at home and abroad mainly study how blockchain technology is applied in cross-border e-commerce, explore the specific mode of combining blockchain technology with cross-border e-commerce, and lay the theoretical foundation for the application of blockchain technology in cross-border e-commerce, while less research is conducted on the application effect of blockchain technology in cross-border e-commerce. Based on this, this paper researches the influence mechanism of the application of blockchain technology in cross-border e-commerce on consumers’ willingness to purchase, explains the current situation of the application of blockchain technology in various fields of cross-border e-commerce, and on this basis, divides the quality of the blockchain system of cross-border e-commerce into three dimensions of commodity information quality, logistics service quality, and payment security.
White Noise Functional Solutions for Wick-Type Stochastic Fractional Mixed KdV-mKdV Equation Using Extended

G

′

/
G

-Expansion Method
Authors: Li Zhao , Li Peng , Han Tianyong
Published: December 2021

In this paper, white noise functional solutions of Wick-type stochastic fractional mixed KdV-mKdV equations have been obtained by using the extended

G

′

/
G

-expansion method and the Hermite transform. Firstly, the Hermite transform is used to transform Wick-type stochastic fractional mixed KdV-mKdV equations into deterministic fractional mixed KdV-mKdV equations. Secondly, the exact traveling wave solutions of deterministic fractional mixed KdV-mKdV equations are constructed by applying the extended

G

′

/
G

-expansion method. Finally, a series of white noise functional solutions are obtained by the inverse Hermite transform.
A Three‐Dimensional Nonlinear Dynamic Numerical Optimization of the Risks of Stope Blasting Based on FOA‐GRNN
Authors: Xie Chengyu , Cao Jie , Shi Dongping
Published: December 2021

The fruit fly optimization algorithm‐general regression neural network (FOA‐GRNN) coupled model and the Finite Element Method‐Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (FEM‐SPH) numerical calculation method are comprehensively used. The control problem of blasting vibration in the process of mining hidden resources under complex environmental conditions has been studied. Taking a lead‐zinc mine as the engineering background, the development of hidden resources in the collapse area due to unreasonable mining was studied. Based on the establishment of the first mining stope and its mining method in this area, biosimulation and generalized neural networks were introduced to solve this problem, the coupling of blasting parameters was analyzed, and the 3D nonlinear dynamic coupling model was constructed for numerical simulation. The results show that the blasting parameters of deep‐hole mining were optimized, including the values of six output quantities: hole distance, row spacing, side hole distance, explosive unit consumption, minimum resistance line, and interval ratio (the Root Mean Squared Error value is only 0.051). The error between the network optimization parameters and the empirically obtained values was controlled to within 0.05; five possible edge‐hole charge structures were designed (the interval ratio is 0.696), and the vibration velocity peak and pressure peak variations with time after detonation are reflected by the simulation results. The dynamic evolution law of the rock mass velocity vector and the damage of the rock damage was revealed. According to the analysis in this paper, the smallest and optimal edge‐hole charge structure of the surrounding rock was obtained.
Ideological Concepts in ‘Formalism, Decisionism and Conservatism in Russian Law’ (2021) by Mikhail Antonov
Authors: Akopov Sergei
Published: December 2021

The present review analyses key ideas of professor Mikhail Antonov’s 2021 book on formalism, decisionism and conservatism in Russian Law. This review essay is written in the form of an imaginary dialogue between the reviewer (a political philosopher) and the author (legal philosopher). Its main aim is to explore legal dimensions of Russia’s new ideology of conservatism. Divided into five sections, it covers five conceptual foundations of the book – sovereigntism, statism, collectivism, civilizationism and exceptionalism. This review essay also examines the links between the respective ideas of legal philosophy of Mikhail Antonov and an overview of arguments from the contemporary political and critical international theory, aiming to engage in a critical discussion with the author about Russia’s insecure collective identity.
The Concept of the ‘Living Constitution’ in Russian Constitutional Theory and Practice
Authors: von Gall Caroline
Published: December 2021

In discussing the concept of the ‘living constitution’ in Russian constitutional theory and practice, this paper shows that the Russian concept of the living constitution differs from U.S. or European approaches to evolutive interpretation. The Russian concept has its roots in Soviet and pre-revolutionary Russian constitutional thinking. It reduces the normative power of the Constitution but allows an interpretation according to changing social conditions and gives the legislator a broad margin of appreciation. Whereas the 1993 Russian constitutional reform had been regarded as a paradigm shift with the intention to break with the past by declaring that the Constitution shall have supreme judicial force and direct effect, the paper also gives answers to the complexity of constitutional change and legal transplants and the role of constitutional theory and practice for the functioning of the current authoritarian regime in Russia.
The Legal Consequences of Unfair Contract Terms in Consumer Loan Agreements Valorized with Foreign Currency
Authors: Ziemblicki Bartosz , Lewandowski Mateusz
Published: December 2021

In recent years, the Court of Justice of the European Union has issued a number of judgments addressing the issue of consumer protection in connection with the use of unfair terms by banks in loan agreements indexed with a foreign currency exchange rate. Most of them have concerned issues of exchange rate risk and exchange rate differences between the purchase and sale rates of a given currency applied by the bank.

This article analyzes the recent ruling by the Court of Justice of the European Union in the Dziubak case, which was initiated by referring questions for a preliminary ruling by a Polish court. The article’s purpose is to assess the position taken by the cjeu in this respect and its significance for consumers in Poland. Particular attention was paid to the considerations with regard to the possibility of replacing unfair provisions with general provisions and assessing the consumer’s awareness of the consequences of declaring a contract invalid. The aim is to examine the issues that were dealt with by the Court of Justice of the European Union in the Dziubak case, including – in particular – the answer to the question of whether the issues discussed by the cjeu had already been considered in its previous jurisprudence and whether it presents new, previously unknown legal consequences of the inclusion of unfair contract terms in loan agreements.
The Credible Commitment Problem in the Third-Party Mediation of the Mindanao Peace Process, 1975–2014
Authors: Candelaria John Lee
Published: December 2021

Negotiated settlements of civil wars are challenging since incompatibilities take a long time to resolve. Many scholars have approached this puzzle by identifying information asymmetry and commitment problems as critical deterrents to resolution. Similarly, this article argues that third-party mediation could improve or worsen the parties’ credible commitment problems, as illustrated in the Mindanao peace process mediation that spanned almost four decades. Following a contingency framework in analyzing third-party mediation, this article analyzes existing reports, statements, and peace process agreements using a process tracing methodology. The article argues that the success of a peace process could be attributed to how mediation resolves the parties’ credible commitment problems, which are evident in three aspects of the peace process: getting the parties to negotiate, the use of mediator leverage, and the promise of third-party monitoring and enforcement.
Smuggled Migrants as Victims?
Authors: Spena Alessandro
Published: December 2021

After outlining the UN Protocol’s general approach to migrant smuggling, this article raises the question of whether and to what extent smuggled migrants can be said to be victims of this crime. The author argues that an affirmative answer is possible in at least three different respects: smuggled migrants can be victimized by states fighting against migrant smuggling and irregular immigration (secondary victimization); but, of course, they can also be victimized by smugglers (primary victimization), in two ways: first, if smuggling is so performed as to put their lives, physical integrity or dignity at risk; secondly, smugglers also victimize migrants by profiting of their vulnerable condition, and their need to enter a foreign country, in order to gain economic benefit.
International Cooperation to Counter Migrant Smuggling and Human Trafficking through Special Investigative Techniques
Authors: Zaniboni Eugenio
Published: December 2021

The adoption of international coordination measures to spread the use of ‘special investigative techniques’ to combat organised crime effectively is encouraged by Article 20 of the UNTOC. This article discusses, firstly, the main features of ‘undercover operations’ involving, or taking place in, more than one State. It then examines the Italian implementation legal framework, as amended by a new law passed in 2019, seeking to establish whether and to what extent Italy is complying with its international commitments in this field.
Green on Green: Issues of Public Opposition to Proposed Renewable Energy Projects
Authors: Zhao Yankun , Du Tao
Published: December 2021

Renewable energy is widely recognised as a significant tool to combat climate change, achieve carbon neutrality and realise sustainable development. However, even with widespread support, renewable projects may trigger conflicts and lead to green on green tension – a conflict between the environmental benefits of renewable energy projects (REP s) and public concerns over consequential environmental detriments. This article clarifies both the environmental impacts and the environmental-related impacts that can be caused by REP s and contribute to green on green tension; and examines how these can be weighed against the positives of such projects. The article argues that the stage of public participation in decision making on REP s provides the appropriate mechanism to identify and mitigate the impacts and weigh the competing interests; and that to guide this process national policies should establish a presumption in favour of REP s, rebuttable when significant harm is likely to result from the proposed project.
Safety and Outcome of Intracranial Pressure Monitor Placement Performed by Trauma Critical Care Surgeons
Authors: Fox-Epstein Malka H. , Baker Sarah S. , Thurston Brian C. , Morrow Charles E. , Mentzer Caleb J. , Mount Michael G. , Hamrick Amy V. , Compton Barri S. , Bendyk Heather A. , Lombardozzi Isabella K. , Lombardozzi Kristine A.
Published: December 2021

Introduction

The Brain Trauma Foundation advises intracranial pressure monitor placement (ICPM) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score ≤8 and an abnormal head computed tomographic scan (CT) finding. Prior studies demonstrated that ICPMs could be placed by non-neurosurgeons. We hypothesized that ICPM placement by trauma critical care surgeons (TCCS) would increase appropriate utilization (AU), decrease time to placement (TTP), and have equivalent complications to those placed by neurosurgeons.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed medical records of adult trauma patients admitted with a TBI in a historical control group (HCG) and practice change group (PCG). Demographics, Injury Severity Score (ISS), outcomes, ICPM placement by provider type, and time to placement were identified. Complications and appropriate utilization were recorded.

Results

70 patients in the HCG and 84 patients in the PCG met criteria for inclusion. Demographics, arrival GCS, ICU GCS, ISS, and admission APACHE II scores were not statistically significant. AU was 7/70 for HCG vs 19/84 in the PCG ( P = .04036). Median TTP was 6.5 hours for HCG vs 5.25 for PCG ( P = .9308). Interquartile range showed the data clustered around an earlier placement time, 2.3-14.0 hours, in the PCG. Complications between the 2 groups were not statistically significant, 0/7 for HCG vs 5/19 for PCG ( P = .2782).

Discussion

This study confirms that ICPMs can be safely placed by TCCS. Our results demonstrate that placement of ICPMs by TCCS improves AU and possibly improves TTP.