bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Qur’anic Approach to Family Institution: A Textual Study
Authors: Hussain Bilal , Qazi Hafiz Mohsin Zia , Hamid Abdul , Altaf Numaira
Published: July 2021

Contemporary state and society is evolved shape of family unit. All societies deeply respected this fundamental brick in the course of human civilization. Particularly, Muslim society has completely different ideology and structure regarding family. After individual, this divinely inspired institution has a prominent place in Muslim society. Quranic Studies being basic source of Islamic injunctions granted detailed regulations of this unit. It stated minutely rights and duties of family members to achieve its preliminary communal objective. All human civilizations recognized the marriage as established form of human relationship based on human instincts. Islam denied so-called heaven and unbroken status of marriage but introduced a mediated application of law. It is hour to study Islamic ideal concept of marriage and divorce especially in qur’anic debate. The study in hand will explore the status of family institution in Muslim society. It will highlighted the eligibility of marriage, maintenance, gender equality and dower matters. This paper will provide some suggestions for further modifications in matrimonial laws of Pakistan. It will pave the way to better understand the legal aspect of family in Quranic verses.
Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretiminde Çoklu Ortam Materyallerinin Kullanımı
Authors: İNAL Murat , ÇAKIR Recep
Published: July 2021

Gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte değişen dünyamızda milletlerin birbirleriyle sürekli iletişim halinde olması ihtiyacı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu ihtiyacı karşılayan en önemli beceri yabancı dil bilmektir. Türkçe de dünya dilleri arasında yerini almış öğrenilme ihtiyacı sürekli artan dillerdendir. Bu bağlamda yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi alanı her geçen gün genişleyen ve yenilenen bir alandır. Teknolojinin her alanda olduğu gibi yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi alanında da kullanılmaya başlanması dil öğretimi alanında literatürde yeniliklere sebep olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada öncelikli olarak yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminin tanımını ve bu alanda kullanılan yöntemleri açıklamak sonrasında da yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde kullanılan çoklu ortam materyallerini ve bu materyallerin olumlu ve olumsuz yönlerini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Literatür incelemelerine dayalı bir derleme çalışması olan bu çalışmanın Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğreten öğretmenlere ve bu alanda inceleme yapmakta olan araştırmacılara faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Análisis de Estabilidad del Sistema de Potencia de una micro-red Híbrida para Operación Conectado y No-conectado a la red Utilizando el Software ETAP
Authors: Noriega Holguer , Herrera-Pérez Victor , Pacheco Cunduri Mayra , Guevara-Cabezas Esteban , Vaca-Urbano Fernando , Ortiz-Parra Iván
Published: July 2021

El este artículo se trabajó bajo un diseño de micro-red híbrida que incluye generación fotovoltaica y red eléctrica para realizar un análisis de estabilidad de la respuesta de la micro-red considerando escenarios de operación aislada y conectada a la red red. La metodología de análisis de estabilidad se desarrolló utilizando el software ETAP, a partir del modelado y simulación de 4 casos correspondientes a distintos escenarios de operación de la micro-red de carga concentrada de 400 kW, en los que se identificó las posibles fallas de estabilidad. Finalmente se probó y resolvió el peor tipo de falla ocurrida, determinando que el sistema fotovoltaico no influye en la estabilidad en operación aislada, adjudicando la inestabilidad a los dispositivos auxiliares de la red, y a la rapidez de respuesta de los mismos a las fallas. Se concluyó que el tiempo de despeje crítico y el ángulo de despeje crítico de la falla son cruciales para saber si un sistema de energía eléctrica podrá volver a una condición estable o volverse inestable.
Total Phenolic Contents, Antioxidant Activities and Organic Acids Composition of Three Selected Fruit Extracts at Different Maturity Stages
Authors: Mokhtar Seri Intan , Pheen Chee Leong , Lee Ee Ven , Abd Aziz Nur Ain
Published: July 2021

The total phenolic contents (TPC), antioxidant activities and organic acid composition of Salacca zalacca, Mangifera indica L. Chok Anan and Baccaurea motleyana Hook. F. extracts at different maturity stages were evaluated by using modified Folin-Ciocalteu assay at 765 nm absorbance, 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and HPLC RP18 column at 215 nm. TPC content ranged from 63.9 mg GAE/100g to 381.23 mg GAE/100g, whereas the antioxidant activity ranged from 3.10% - 84.45%. The M. indica L. Chok Anan contained malic acid and citric acid in the range of 43.897-73.396 mg/100g FW and 2.681-18.428 mg/100g FW at young to ripe stages, respectively. B. motleyana Hook. F. contained citric acid and tartaric acid in the range of 4.649-6.114 mg/100g FW and 3.645-4.365 mg/100g FW at young to ripe stages, respectively. S. zalacca contained malic acid and citric acid in the range of 4.270-17.926mg/100g FW and 0.845-3.284 mg/100g FW at young to ripe stages, respectively. The highest TPC and antioxidant activity were found in the young stage of S. zalacca fruit extract with lowest inhibitory concentration (IC50) valued at 0.57 mgml-1. There was a positive linear correlation between the TPC and antioxidant activities of the fruit extracts. Malic acid is the predominant organic acid in M. indica L. Chok Anan and S. zalacca, while citric acid is the predominant organic acid in B. motleyana Hook. F. This research suggests that the studied fruits at young stage are a better source of TPC and antioxidants. The tested fruits showed a decrease in the concentration of organic acids with ripening.
Properties of Gigantochloa scortechinii Paper Enhancement by Beating Revolution
Authors: Mohd Hassan Nurul Husna , Muhammed Suhaimi , Ibrahim Rushdan
Published: July 2021

The effect of bamboo portions and beating revolution on paper made from Gigantochloa scortechinii was determined. The bamboo was pulped using soda- anthraquinone (AQ) pulping comparing two pulping conditions (alkali 15 & 20%, temperature 160 & 170°C) for different bamboo portions consisted of top, middle and bottom. Hand sheets from unbeaten bamboo paper were made and the tensile index, tearing index, bursting index and folding endurance ranged from 16.35 - 32.54 Nm/g, 9.6 - 13.45 mN.m2/g, 0.81 - 1.54 kPa.m2/g and 3 - 9 double folds respectively. After that the bamboo pulp went through beating process and the tensile, tearing and bursting index and folding endurance for bamboo paper rose tremendously from 41.23 - 83.9 Nm/g, 16.64 - 27.13 mN.m2/g, 2.58 - 6.67 kPa.m2/g and 48 - 1769 double folds respectively. This revealed that bamboo paper strength can be enhanced by beating process without adding any additives.
Economical important phytopathogenic diseases in Vanilla planifolia: A review paper.
Authors: Ab. Kadir Nurdiana , Naher Laila , Sidek Noorhazira
Published: July 2021

The vanilla orchid is one of the high value and most favorite culinary crops in the world. The aroma or flavor of vanillin make the plant as an important economic crop in the food and beverage industry. Nevertheless, the production of vanilla is hindering by two main factors which are the propagation and diseases. Devastating disease has cause losses in bean production as it can infect the vines at any times and at all stages of the plant growth. As a result, it is cause the losses of quality and quantity of pod production. Some of important diseases associated with fungal and viral on vanilla such as Fusarium root and stem rot, anthracnose, black rot, sclerotium rot, rust, mosaic and stem necrosis are discussed in this review paper.
Effect of varying dietary energy to protein ratio in creep feed on feed intake, growth performance and nutrient digestibility of pre-weaning Boer goats.
Authors: Razali Siti Noor Zalikha , Mohamed Wan Zahari , Arshad Mohd Mokhtar , Aziz Abdul Rahman , Abu Daud Nur Hardy , Mokhtar Suparjo Noordin , Woldegiorgis Erkihun Aklilu , Sithambaram Shanmugavelu
Published: July 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary energy-to-protein ratios in the creep feed on feed intake, growth performance and nutrient digestibility of Boer kids before weaning. Twenty-four Boer kids, one months of age which were randomly divided into four treatment groups, with each group consisting of three males and three females. The animals were fed formulated creep feeds with varying metabolizable energy (ME) (MJ/kg DM) and crude protein (CP) contents as follows: 10 MJ ME/kg to 17% CP (Group 1, control), 10 MJ ME/kg to 18% CP (Group 2), 10 MJ ME/kg to 18% CP (Group 3) and 12 MJ ME/kg to 22% CP (Group 4). Throughout 67 days of the trial period, feed intake was found to be more in Group 3 (P < 0.05) compared to other groups. Dry matter intake (DMI) reduced in Group 4 when energy-to-protein ratio was increased. No significant difference (P > 0.05) were observed in live weight gain (LWG), body measurements and body condition score (BCS) between treatments. LWG for Groups 2 and 3 were found to be higher than the other groups. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) for Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 2.21: 1, 2.50: 1, 3.57: 1 and 4.65: 1, respectively. Significant difference (P < 0.05) was only observed in digestibility of crude protein where Group 4 had the highest percentage of CP digestibility, however, was not translated into better BW gain in the animals of this group. The results from this study suggested that dietary formulation that contained 10 MJ ME/kg to 17% CP was sufficient to Boer goat kids at the pre-weaning stage based on LWG, body measurement, BCS and FCR.
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis with severe lung involvement: efficacy of anti-B cell therapy with Rituximab
Authors: Beketova T. V. , Babak V. V. , Suprun M. D. , Evsikova M. D. , Nikolaeva E. V.
Published: July 2021

The present report illustrates efficacy of rituximab (RTX) in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) with severe lung involvement. Female patient, 45 years old, was ill since March 2016, her disease manifested at the onset with fever, recurrent epistaxis, otitis media, mastoiditis, conjunctivitis and arthritis. Thoracic CT scan showed multiple decaying pulmonary infiltrates. The presence of PR3-ANCA confirmed the diagnosis of GPA. Induction therapy included high doses of glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide (total dose 4 g), with following azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil. Lung disease continued to progress with emerging extensive infiltrates and forming a giant cavity with air-fluid level in the right lung. Further treatment included antibiotics followed by surgical draining of lung cavity in December 2018. Fever, necrotic rhinitis and otitis persisted despite treatment, lab findings included red blood cells in the urine, C-reactive protein 90 g/l, thrombocytosis 740×109/l, anemia (Hb 80 g/l). RTX 2 g and intravenous immunoglobulin were initiated in December 2018, a second course of RTX (0.5 g) was administered 4 months later. Patient’s condition was gradually improving, CT scan at 6 months after RTX treatment showed fibrous tissue in the area of former cavity. One year later, total RTX dose was 3.5 g, further regression of changes and GPA remission were achieved. There were no adverse reactions. Anti-B cell therapy with RTX is a safe and highly effective option in GPA patients with severe destructive lung disease, potentially curative even in cases of giant pulmonary cavities.
Formative Research to Create Culturally Sensitive HPV Vaccine Messages for Middle-School Children
Authors: Occa Aurora , Julien-Bell Sarah
Published: July 2021

HPVs (Human Papilloma Viruses) are the cause of several diseases and types of cancer, but infections can be prevented through a vaccine that children are recommended to receive when they are about 12 years of age. Communicating with children about HPV is an important albeit underdeveloped task. This is especially critical in countries such as Italy, were the HPV vaccination rate is dropping. To understand Italian middle-school children’s communication challenges, needs and preferences, and to provide evidence to inform the development of targeted and culturally-sensitive messages about HPV for them, this study adopted a multi-method participatory approach consisting of focus group discussions and participatory drawings. Results indicated that children (N = 54) wanted to be actively engaged in decisions about their health but faced several communication challenges, including adults’ language and attitude. Children struggled to retrieve reliable information on their own. They provided specific information on the sources and the strategies they would want adults to adopt. Results helped to identify positive and negative behaviours among these themes, as well as key resources to be leveraged in the development of HPV-related messages. The communication strategies identified in this study may help parents, healthcare providers, and caregivers to improve their communication with children.
AN INVESTIGATION OF SCHOOL-BASED CHALLENGES FACING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN THE PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN MALAWI: A CASE STUDY OF FOUR PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN ZOMBA DISTRICT
Authors: Chirwa Grames , Lingolwe Francis , Naidoo Devika
Published: July 2021

Purpose: This study sought to investigate the challenges which schools are facing in implementing inclusive education in mainstream primary schools in Zomba district.

Methodology: Qualitative research method which employed a case study design was used. Thirty-four participants were involved in this study. These were purposely sampled. Data was collected through interviews, documents review and classroom lesson observations to provide methodological triangulation. Data was analyzed using thematic content analysis method inductively.

Results: The results of the study indicated that the implementation of inclusive education is facing a number of challenges such as ineffective orientation of head teachers and teachers to inclusive education, unavailability of teaching and learning materials for special needs learners in the mainstream schools, lack of special needs specialist teachers and lack of infrastructure suitable for the diverse special education needs learners.  

Unique contribution to theory and practice: The study recommended, that the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology officers, that is the District Education Managers and the Primary Education Advisors involved in the implementation of inclusive education need to ensure that there is effective orientation training of the head-teachers teachers and teachers on inclusive education. The Ministry of education, Science and Technology should provide teaching and learning materials for the special education needs learners in the mainstream schools.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON THE INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN SCIENCE TEACHING AND LEARNING (SED209 & SED317) ON THEIR ICT AND TEACHING SKILLS
Authors: Aboderin Olukayode , Bamisile Oluwatoyosi
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to explore students’ perception on the influence of ICT in science teaching and learning (SED 209 and SED 317) on their ICT and teaching skills.

Methodology: The study employed a qualitative study design as a means of carrying out the research. The population consisted of all 300 level and graduating students in the Department of Science Education of Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko. Three research questions were designed to guide the study.The sample of the study was made up of 31 respondents from Science Education Department of the University which were selected using purposive sampling technique. Interview schedule was used to collect data from the respondents. Data collected was analyzed using content analysis.

Results: Findings revealed that the two ICT courses influence ICT skills of science education students. Findings also revealed that the knowledge gained from the two courses have really influenced students’ teaching skills during teaching practice.

Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice: Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that parent should encourage their children to develop their ICT skills before getting admission so as to enhance learning while taking SED 209 and 317. It was also recommended that government should sanction budgets in ICT head available for students to facilitate teaching and learning of science subjects
ООН и Узбекистан: цели устойчивого развития в действии
Authors: Отахонов Фозилжон , Расулев Абдулазиз
Published: July 2021

Рассматривается сущность и значение посланий Президента в качестве основного политико-правового инструмента государственного управления. Исследуется взаимосвязь посланий Президента с Целями устойчивого развития ООН, определяется на сколько идеи, заложенные в посланиях Президента Ш. Мирзиёева совпадают с рекомендациями мирового сообщества, отраженными в Целях устойчивого развития ООН, оцениваются достигнутые Узбекистаном результаты по достижению ЦУР.
Intensive Vegetable Production Degrades Volcanic Ash Soil in Cabintan, Ormoc City, Philippines
Authors:   Department of Soil Science, Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines, Pizon Frances Mae , Tulin Anabella B. ,   Office of the Graduate School, Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines
Published: July 2021

Long-term intensive cultivation leads to soil-related problems. This study was conducted to know the changes in physico-chemical properties of volcanic ash soil (Andisol) in Barangay Cabintan, Ormoc City, Leyte after ten years of intensive vegetable production. Five sampling sites were selected, representing fallow and intensively cultivated areas. The soils were collected and analyzed for particle size analysis (PSA), bulk density (Db), soil pH, organic matter (OM), nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P) and exchangeable bases potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and sodium (Na). The findings of the current study were compared to the results reported by the ACIAR project ten years ago. The results revealed that the soil physico-chemical properties of Andisol changed within ten years. There were significant differences in soil physicochemical properties of Andisol across sites and depths as influenced by the two types of soil management over ten years. Soil management practices influenced the nutrient supplying capacity and the physico-chemical properties of the soil. Soil texture did not vary except for sites C and E (intensively cultivated areas). The bulk density remained low while the soil pH, soil organic matter, nitrogen, and exchangeable bases decreased. However, the available phosphorus increased under intensive vegetable production. The overall results highlighted the need to employ the appropriate soil management, specifically fertilizer application. An accurate and exact combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers is highly recommended in the area to obtain the desired vegetable yield.
TEACHING HOMOPHONEL IN FFL AT THE UNIVERSITY
Authors: GUECHI Lamia Ali , SAADANI Bouba
Published: July 2021

Teaching/ learning phonetics and phonology at university became indispensable because of the complexity of the French linguistic system. The majority of non native FFL learners make some writing mistakes as orally, where the most frequent those relating to homophones not verb and grammatical homophones which often reveal mark of inaptitude and incapacity observed at the level of the linguistic repertoire of the university audience. Our professional profile fosters future teachers intended for teaching at the primary level. We have decided to take a form of a dictation text. We based on homophones noun verb to know the cognitive skills of students. This work is intended as a reflection on the problems linked to the lexicon of FFL classroom and reuse of the teaching strategies to be followed to reinforce the learning of homophones for these students. The emphasis of the errors produced in the expression written, the most common grammatical homophones in dictation practice as well as we present the difficulties faced by these learners and the educational tools by the teacher to unite them in FFL class.
THE HISTORY OF RHETORIC: ARABIC RHETORIC ITS CONCEPT‚ ORIGINS‚ SECTIONS‚ AND OBJECTIVES OF ITS TEACHING( DIDACTIC RHETORIC ACTIVITY IN THE SECONDARY PHASE)
Authors: BENMAMA Halima
Published: July 2021

The importance of literature in its two parts - poetry and prose - lies in the theoretical and applied studies that the sciences of the Arabic language (grammar, morphology, criticism, presentations, rhetoric ...) seek to achieve, as the latter tries to identify the linguistic aspects that help to control the language and show its beauty. It also trains the tongue in the correct use and enjoyment of it. The science of rhetoric is a branch of the sciences of the Arabic language, as it is concerned with controlling the language in terms of methods in its various forms, and by it we distinguish good speech from its corrupt, as we understand the truth and the face of the metaphor in it, we will devote the conversation in this research paper on the history of rhetoric: Arabic rhetoric its concept, origin, divisions and objectives Taught.
A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE USE ON FACEBOOK: A STUDY OF PREMIUM TIMES NEWS HEADLINES
Authors: Bossan Rita , Oyedeji Gideon Abioye
Published: July 2021

Attaining national unity and cohesion is a function of deliberate strategic plans of different facets of human endeavour in a nation. The language front has important role to play in fostering national unity and cohesion in any country. The Nigeria and Africa situation is not an exception. The chaos and rivalry that have become an intrinsic experience for us in Nigeria and in fact, Africa is partly a function of careless and unchecked language use in the social media. This paper, therefore, explores the use and misuse of language on social media. The study examines the comments of Facebook users to online news headlines posted on Premium Times Facebook handle. A corpus of a week screenshot samples of these comments are collected out of which nine (9) were purposively selected for the analysis. These nine (9) data are grouped into five (5) texts. The selected data were analysed using Dell Hymes’ Ethnography of Speaking complemented by Theo van Leeuwen’s Identities and Subjectivity Model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The paper uses the SPEAKING acronym as the theoretical insight and discussion was based on the postulations of the CDA model adopted. The study found that the responses from readers are mostly tilting towards their individual affiliations. Also, instances of arguments and rebuttals by readers reflect a situation where the polarity tilts in bidirectional positive in-group - “us” and negative out-group – “them” among the different affiliations the users represent. The study further found that copious use of vulgar expressions pervades the comments of readers. This study therefore concludes that such use of language cannot help Nigeria and Africa in its quest for unity. The study recommends that media literacy be taught in schools in order to entrench civility in the discussions of people on social media.
AN APPRAISAL OF THE USE OF GESTALT PRINCIPLES IN LOGOGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION AMONG SELECT GRAPHIC ARTISTS IN A NIGERIAN URBAN CITY
Authors: Adum Allen Nnanwuba , Okika Charles Chukwuemeka , Umeh Kobimdi , Iwuchukwu Nnaemeka
Published: July 2021

This paper appraised the use of Gestalt design principles in logo graphics communication, in recognition of the role logos play in image-making and the identity of companies, businesses and brands. When a new business is planned, the need to find a logo designer who can come up with a creative and exclusive business logo arises. Elegance, creativity and excellence of design help business logos to give unlimited boost to organizations. Against this backdrop, the purpose of this study was to ascertain the use of the Gestalt principles by logographic artists in select business areas in Awka urban. We asked, how aware are logographic artists of Gestalt principles and whether they applied these principles in their logo designs. The Gestalt principles of design were employed as the yardstick for this study. Data were collected from a selected number of logographic artists in Awka Urban, Anambra state, using IDIs (In- depth interviews), from the business areas in town. The major findings of this study suggested that more than two- third of the artists studied were aware of the Gestalt principles but were not so keen in applying them to their designs due to the dictates of client’s choice and satisfaction
AWARENESS AND USE OF WHATSAPP FOR BANKING AND FINANCIAL SERVICES: A STUDY OF SOCIAL MEDIA USERS IN NORTH-CENTRAL NIGERIA
Authors: Udenze Silas , Onwuliri Edmund Chukwuma , Ugoala Bibian
Published: July 2021

Social media have become a fundamental ingredient in both the social and economic life of contemporary society. Social networking platforms have become an interesting vehicle for the banking sector to manage contact and interaction with their existing and potential customers. This study investigates users' awareness and the use of WhatsApp for banking activities in North-Central Nigeria. Based on a quantitative research approach, the study surveyed 400 respondents who have adopted WhatsApp Banking. The study's significant findings revealed a low level of awareness of this banking method among social media users. Besides, the percentage of users that utilised the platform for banking-related activities corroborated the deficient awareness as discovered in the study. Nevertheless, the audience is sceptical that the country's poor internet infrastructure might not permit the innovation to thrive. Hence, the study recommends that the banks concerned should endeavour to create more awareness about WhatsApp Banking, and there is a need for an urgent improvement in the internet facilities in the country in order to engender seamless technological advancement
YOUTH’S EXPOSURE AND UTILIZATION OF INTERNET ADVERTISEMENTS IN AWKA, ANAMBRA STATE
Authors: Ogonna Anunike Ogonna Anunike , Onuegbu Okechukwu
Published: July 2021

This study examined youth’s exposure and utilization of internet advertisements, in Awka metropolis, Anambra State. It adopted survey research design. The population of study includes all youth in Awka metropolis. An appropriate sample size of 400 was gotten from the population using probability sampling technique.Six research questions were used as primary data instrument. The finding shows that youths in Awka metropolis were exposed to the Internet advertisements, that majority of youths in Awka metropolis accessed internet advertisements mostly via their android/mobile phones. Also, WhatsApp is the social media platform that youths in Awka metropolis expose themselves to internet advertisements most; that social interaction drives Awka’ youth to internet advertisements most, and their exposure to the Internet advertisements influenced them to buy and subscribe to advertised products and services. It is concluded that youths in Awka metropolis are not only exposed to Internet advertisements but also utilize them through buying and subscribing to the advertised products and services daily.
ANALYZING THE COMMUNICATIVE IMPERATIVE IN AWKA URBAN FLOOD RISKS CONTROL
Authors: Okoli Ogechukwu , Chiaghana Chiazor
Published: July 2021

The importance of Communication in transmitting information about health and environmental risks cannot be over emphasized. Communication helps human beings to interact and be aware of their environment. This study explored the relevance of flood risks control communicative interventions in Awka Urban. Effective Risk Communication equips people with information on risk events and happenings around them, especially information on flood menace and ecological risk, hence this study sought to explore what was obtainable in Awka Urban. This study was designed as a survey. A sample of 384 respondents was drawn from 10 villages, randomlyselected from Awka Urban. Findings show that residents of Awka urban werenot really exposed to flood risks communication. The study also discovered that, although, flood risks control communicative campaigns in Awka urban were available, the awareness was still very low. The study recommended,increased and sustained aggressive flood risks communicative campaigns in Awka urban, using all available channels of communication. It also recommended that the authorities should enact and strictly enforce necessary environmental laws guiding the erection of structures and clearing of water ways through sanitation in Awka urban
Crisis migratoria venezolana: una amenaza a la territorialidad y seguridad del Estado colombiano
Authors: Chavarro Miranda Fernando , Albarracín Nathalya , Osorio Isaza Vladimir
Published: July 2021

Durante los últimos cuatro años, la migración venezolana ha generado problemas en la calidad de vida de aquellos venezolanos que llegan al país en condición de vulnerabilidad, y en busca de mejores condiciones económicas, sociales, laborales y sanitarias. Sin embargo, la migración representa un desafío no solo humanitario, sino una amenaza a la territorialidad soberana del Estado colombiano. 

Así mismo, la migración está ligada a los factores de inestabilidad, dado que existe una instrumentalización de los migrantes por parte de los grupos al margen de la ley que afectan la seguridad del Estado.  Por lo anterior, se entiende la migración como una amenaza no tradicional bajo el enfoque de la seguridad multidimensional.  Por ello, para el Estado es fundamental entender este fenómeno de manera integral, es decir, generar una estrategia de manera transversal a todas las entidades del Estado que permitan minimizar los riesgos sociales y de seguridad.
La Ley 1448 de 2011: un punto de quiebre de la violencia en Colombia
Authors: Forero Bustos Carlos Esteban
Published: July 2021

El año 2012 representó, para Colombia, un quiebre determinante en el concepto acerca del conflicto.  Por una parte, debido a la consideración de la existencia de un conflicto interno y, por otro lado, a causa del inicio de la fase pública del proceso de negociación con la guerrilla de las FARC-EP.  La Ley 1448, denominada la Ley de Víctimas y Restitución de Tierras, es una normatividad que tiene, como finalidad inicial, asignarles un lugar importante a las víctimas a través de la reparación, restitución y garantías de no repetición.  Por medio de un enfoque cualitativo y mediante la revisión y análisis documental, se buscará una explicación sobre si esta ley marcó o no un cambio en la identificación de la violencia en la que lleva sumida Colombia por más de cincuenta años.  Es así como el presente documento, en primera instancia, discurrirá acerca de la violencia en Colombia; posteriormente, se contrastarán los objetivos de la Ley 975 de 2005 o Ley de Justicia y Paz, con la Ley de Víctimas y Restitución de Tierras; paso seguido, se presentará la forma de reconocimiento de las víctimas del conflicto armado por uno de los principales actores: las guerrillas, y, finalmente, se abordará el tema de los argumentos de los detractores y partidarios acerca de la existencia de un conflicto armado en Colombia, para concluir que a Ley 1448 representa un punto de inflexión importante en la consideración del conflicto en el país.
La violencia de origen criminal, articulación con la violencia política como factores de inestabilidad en el Catatumbo (2010-2018)
Authors: Otálora Rodríguez Fredy Gonzalo
Published: July 2021

El propósito de este trabajo es caracterizar la problemática de inestabilidad en la región del Catatumbo en el lapso 2010-2018, usando como marco los conceptos de violencia de origen criminal y violencia política.  Actualmente, pese a la salida de una parte de las estructuras armadas de las FARC, al desarrollo de negociaciones entre el ELN y el gobierno, y a los compromisos que este último ha adquirido con los habitantes, el escenario continúa siendo complejo: hay evidencias del incremento de cultivos ilícitos en la zona; proliferación y fortalecimiento de actores armados ilegales; enfrentamiento por el control del narcotráfico y coerción.  Estas problemáticas revisten complejidad debido a los bajos niveles de desarrollo y a las condiciones de pobreza que afectan a la población, constituyéndose en un objeto de estudio relevante por las consecuencias políticas y sociales que se derivan para Colombia y la región.
El papel de las mujeres en la construcción de paz: un análisis geoestratégico
Authors: Ramírez Torres Luz Yulieth , Reyes Torres Yesica Alejandra
Published: July 2021

El presente documento tiene, como propósito, dar a conocer los resultados preliminares desarrollados en el marco del semillero de investigación de la Universidad de la Salle, sobre el papel de la mujer en la construcción de paz, proceso en el cual se construye una línea de tiempo global, nacional y regional para representar el activismo de las mujeres en la realidad geopolítica con el transcurso de la historia, en donde la mujer ha tenido un papel predominante dentro de los escenarios de construcción de paz.  Se utiliza un enfoque metodológico de carácter cualitativo, a través del análisis de coyuntura y de contenido, para establecer la participación de la mujer en el entorno descrito anteriormente. Con este trabajo se reconoce a numerosas mujeres invisibilizadas, que juegan un rol primordial en la construcción del tejido social.
La participación política en los Acuerdos de Paz: los casos de El Salvador y Colombia
Authors: Durán Guerrero Angie Lorena , Mendoza Villamil Laura Daniela
Published: July 2021

El Salvador y Colombia representan dos casos de países latinoamericanos que han vivido el escenario de la lucha armada por grupos al margen de la ley.  Teniendo en cuenta que ya han pasado veintiséis años desde la firma del Acuerdo de Paz salvadoreño con el FMLN, tomar a El Salvador como ejemplo puede brindar una visión sobre los aciertos y deficiencias del caso colombiano, dado que el Acuerdo de Paz con las FARC inició su etapa de implementación hace apenas dos años. Especialmente, el punto de participación política es presentado como clave para el proceso de reincorporación de los excombatientes, pues engloba las demandas de acceso al sistema político, razón por la que históricamente surgieron ambas guerrillas.  El presente trabajo pretende analizar comparativamente el grado de implementación del punto de participación política contenido en el punto seis del Acuerdo de Chapultepec y en el punto dos del Acuerdo de La Habana.  Para tal fin, se usará una metodología cualitativa, descriptiva y comparativa, que establezca las diferencias y similitudes en la implementación del mencionado punto.  El análisis de cinco variables que fueron establecidas para comparar el contenido de los Acuerdos y de los resultados electorales de los partidos políticos que surgen de los grupos guerrilleros, permiten concluir que el éxito de estos partidos no depende estrictamente de lo pactado en los acuerdos y del cumplimiento de los mismos, sino que las dinámicas de estos grupos en tanto guerrillas tienen un impacto políticamente relevante aún después de la desmovilización.
A Comprehensive Study of Talent Management Process adopted by Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)
Authors: Crasta Laveena C. , V. T. Shailashri
Published: July 2021

Background /Purpose: Talent management is the kernel of human resource management, the process of procurement of the right people to be absorbed by a company based on its business requirements. The surge to absorb the right competency in the global market has forced every corporation to build a vibrant process to acquire the best, develop and engage the acquired effectively to achieve optimal results. This paper is a comprehensive study on acquiring information on the Talent Management process adopted by Tata Consultancy Services (TCS). Design/Methodology/Approach: This study is based on the data collected from secondary sources of information. The main sources of information are annual reports of the company and websites. It is an explorative research case study that aims at identifying the best practices in terms of the Talent Management process and to perform SWOC analysis. Findings/Result: Based on the study, TCS has a robust process in place not only to acquire the best talent but also to nurture the existing talent within the company. This well-established process has helped the company to have maximum employee retention, which is a great asset while considering the impact of human resourcefulness in the growth of the company. Originality/Value: This paper analyses and interprets the Talent Management model of TCS based on its past 5 financial years of data. Based on the findings and their interpretation, new knowledge in the form of recommendations/suggestions are presented. Paper Type: Company Analysis as a Research Case Study.
A Review of Factors Considered by the Athletes on Accepting their Sport Coaches
Authors: Trevor Dias Ren , N. Vidya
Published: July 2021

Purpose: In India, out of 62 percent of youth population only 1 percent of youths are only taking sports have a profession. In today’s context sports have been grown to an industry and a large number of career opportunities are available. Sports coaching is one as such. The sports coaches are the major stake holders in promoting their trainees to the higher level in the game. Coaches are considered a role model by young trainees. Since then, there will be many expectations and beliefs on the coaches’. Players benchmark the targets set by their coaches’ to attain their goals. Coaches give intrinsic & extrinsic motivation for trainees by engaging and involving them in the sport. This is paper has taken a systematic review to understand the players’ perception and expectations on their coaches. Basis of secondary data that the challenges occurring in front of coaches for their sustainability in the field of coaching
Design/Methodology/Approach: The thematic analysis is done by extracting the codes from the literature. This paper is built on the basis of secondary data that the challenges occurring in front of coaches for their sustainability in the field of coaching. The online platform is used to make desktop research. Around 50 research articles have been closely and systematically reviewed to find the research gap.
Findings/Result: The parameters such as support in career goal accomplishment, knowledge on technical component, relational skills, talent search capability and coaching style leads to coaches’ capability and competency level. The different theories are reviewed to understand the efficiency and effectiveness in coaching pedagogy. In this study, the deductive codes have been extracted by the literature and analysed to build the concepts. It also rivals the significance of educating and updating the coaches’ on regular basis.
Paper Type: Thematic analysis
The architecture and perception of the hermitage (1770-1860)
Authors: Ronnes Hanneke , Van Elburg Wouter , Haverman Merel
Published: July 2021

The hermitage is a little researched and understood garden ornament. The hermitage as a place of solitary retreat occurs from antiquity to the late nineteenth century because it appealed to people in different periods and could be easily adapted to the specific wishes of the noble, religious or intellectual owner and the taste of the age. This article presents new research into the hermitage on Dutch country estates, based on an analysis of for sale notices, primary source research (mainly travellers’ tales) and a review of the literature. The hermitage was a widespread phenomenon in the Netherlands. The current inventory has almost tripled the number of known country-estate hermitages from 36 to over a hundred. Thanks to this new, larger data set it was possible to make more accurate statements about the period in which the hermitage was popular, about its distribution in the Netherlands, its location in the garden, its appearance and its significance.

A search through digitally accessible newspapers led to the discovery of many slightly later, smaller hermitages. And whereas Gelderland had previously been regarded as the foremost hermitage province, in light of current knowledge that perception has now swung in favour of Holland. This has also served to accentuate the bourgeois character of the hermitage: it was most prevalent on the country estates of urban regents, located close to the city. Hermitages were initially regarded as a rarity, later as a regular feature of landscape-style private parks, although they were never the most important ornament of such parks. Research has revealed that the location was nearly always isolated. The interior was austere, usually consisting of one or more chairs, a bench or bed, a skull or coffin, an hourglass, books and a (wooden) hermit doll. Evidence suggesting that the hermitage design was highly standardized can also be found in descriptions of hermit’s huts in travel reports.

Contrary to what is often assumed, the popularity of the hermitage suggests that the Dutch were not immune to Romanticism. The fact that the sources provide so little evidence of cynicism vis-à-vis the phenomenon of the hermitage and the hermit supports this thesis. However, the hermit’s hut satisfied a more universal need than mere romanticism: throughout history rooms have been created to which people – usually members of the elite – could withdraw. In that sense the hermitage was a counterpart of the cabinet or study. What remained after the exalted emotions and ideas of Romanticism had subsided, was the walk to the hermitage and, upon arrival, the tranquillity and the view. The Dutch hermitage is in every respect a reflection of the Dutch country estate: both were primarily bourgeois, widespread, urban, and modest in size and furnishing.
Interieurs van herrijzend Nederland
Authors: Laan Barbara
Published: July 2021

Boekbespreking van een boek van Marieke Kuipers (red.)
Effects of Plasma Focus on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of 14 Thai Rice Varieties
Authors: PURIPUNYAVANICH Vichai , TAMMAN Arlee , ORPONG Piyanuch , PICHA Roppon , LIMTIYAYOTHIN Mayuree , WONGHABUT Pasit , SANGWANG Wutthichok , NILGUMHANG Kewalee , PROMPING Jiraporn
Published: July 2021

Thailand Plasma Focus 2 (TPF-2) is operated at 2.16 kJ of storage energy with argon as a filled gas and can emit sharp x-ray pulses to plant cells in nanosecond (10-9 s) duration. The effects of plasma focus x-ray on seed germination and seedling growth of 14 Thai rice varieties treated under 10 conditions; 0 (control), 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 plasma focus shots, were investigated. The results show that the germination rates and growth reduction rates were significantly different among the rice varieties. The germination rate of 10 varieties (Jek Chuey, KDML105, LPT123, PTT1, RD41, RD47, RD49, RD67, RD79, and SPR2) decreased when treated with a high number of plasma focus shots. LD50 and GR50 values were calculated, except for KTH17, RD1, RD7, and RD31 whose germination only slightly decreased, or remained constant, even after they were treated by 18 plasma focus shots.
HIGHLIGHTS

Effects of plasma focus irradiation on germination and growth were assessed on 14 Thai rice varieties 
Shoot and root lengths of rice seedlings were measured 10 days after of plasma treatment
Plasma focus was operated at 12 kV and the number of plasma focus shots was varied from 0 (control) to 18 shots
Sensitivity to plasma irradiation was found to differ among rice seeds tested

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
CMOS Realizable and Highly Cascadable Structures of First-Order All-Pass Filters
Authors: Jitender Jitender , MOHAN Jitendra , CHATURVEDI Bhartendu
Published: July 2021

Two novel resistorless structures of a first-order voltage-mode all-pass filter are presented in the paper. Both the structures employ a fully differential second-generation current conveyor (FDCCII) as the primary active element, in addition to an active resistor. A grounded capacitor is the only passive component used in both the structures. In both the structures, CMOS realization of FDCCII is utilized; hence, these structures are CMOS compatible. Some of the other highly demanded features possessed by the presented all-pass structures are: a simple circuit topology, electronic tunability, high input impedance, constraint-free operation in terms of passive component matching, and low sensitivity figures. The theoretical performances under ideal and non-ideal scenarios are presented in detail. Furthermore, the proposed idea is extended to an Nth-order voltage-mode all-pass filter and a quadrature oscillator to explore some of the possible applications. PSPICE simulation results verify the theoretical claims of the presented all-pass filters.

HIGHLIGHTS

Two novel resistorless structures of first-order all-pass filters based on fully differential second-generation current conveyor are presented

Performance of the proposed structures are thoroughly described in ideal and non-ideal scenarios

Theoretically described details of the proposed structures are verified by carrying simulations on PSPICE using 180 nm CMOS technology

An Nth-order all-pass filter and a quadrature oscillator are also presented as applications

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
How Artificial Intelligence is Transforming the Banking Industry: Data Analysis Review
Authors: Yadav Akash
Published: July 2021

AI or Artificial Intelligence, is one of the foremost technologies, which has its potential impact on almost every field. It is an immensely integral component of Computer Science. A technology that intends to provide computer systems and machines the ability to carry out and execute tasks without manual intervention, it simply enables them to work smartly. In simple words, we can say that Artificial Intelligence is about giving human intelligence to machines. This is one of the most noteworthy and remarkable aspects of AI. It plays a significant role in making machines capable of making decisions and that too, faster and better than humans. And all these decisions are data-driven. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a prominent technology that is continuously evolving day by day, due to which it has become so much prevalent. It is beneficial in diverse fields such as education. business, marketing, healthcare, medicine, agriculture, automobiles, robotics, etc. AI is also quite predominant in the banking and finance industries. AI technology facilitates banking processes as it helps automating most of the tasks, if not entirely, minimizing manual requirements. In this research paper, we will see how implementation of artificial intelligence is assisting the banking and financial industry by improving their operational efficiency and enhancing their productivity. The research paper document also consists of a survey study done through data analysis domain for determining the use of artificial intelligence in banks who have adopted the technology.
The Colored Disconnection Numbers of Cellular and Grid Networks
Authors: Bai Xuqing , Li Xueliang , Weng Yindi
Published: July 2021

Let G be a nontrivial link-colored connected network. A link-cut R of G is called a rainbow link-cut if no two of its links are colored the same. A link-colored network G is rainbow disconnected if for every two nodes u and v of G, there exists a u-v rainbow link-cut separating them. Such a link coloring is called a rainbow disconnection coloring of G. For a connected network G, the rainbow disconnection number of G, denoted by rd(G), is defined as the smallest number of colors that are needed in order to make G rainbow disconnected. Similarly, there are some other new concepts of network colorings, such as proper disconnection coloring, monochromatic disconnection coloring and rainbow node-disconnection coloring. In this paper, we obtain the exact values of the rainbow (node-)disconnection numbers, proper and monochromatic disconnection numbers of cellular networks and grid networks, respectively.