bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supply chain disruptions: Insights from South African third-party logistics service providers and clients
Authors: Nel Jaco , De Goede Evert , Niemann Wesley
Published: June 2018

Background: Despite risk management efforts, supply chains have become increasingly vulnerable to disruptions. Disruptions should be successfully managed if organisations are to thrive in today’s ever-changing world.Purpose: This study explored supply chain disruptions of third-party logistics service providers (3PLs) and their clients based in South Africa by investigating the disruptions these organisations face, and how they go about managing them.Method: A generic qualitative research approach was used to gather data by conducting semi-structured interviews with 22 participants, which comprised 11 3PLs and 11 client organisations operating in South Africa.Findings: This study classified disruptions as intra-, inter- and extra-organisational. South African 3PLs and their clients face the majority of their disruptions either intra- or inter-organisationally. The focus of 3PLs and clients has shifted from risk management to disruption management. The findings show that 3PLs and their clients based in South Africa prefer disruption learning over traditional risk management as a method to better manage future disruptions.Conclusion: This study contributes to existing literature by providing insight into the specific supply chain disruptions that 3PLs and their clients based in South Africa face, according to the disruption location in the supply chain and how 3PLs and clients manage supply chain disruptions.
Evaluation of a new inference method for estimating ammonia volatilisation from multiple agronomic plots
Authors: Loubet Benjamin , Carozzi Marco , Voylokov Polina , Cohan Jean-Pierre , Trochard Robert , Génermont Sophie
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Tropospheric ammonia (NH3) is a threat to the environment and human
health and is mainly emitted by agriculture. Ammonia volatilisation following
application of nitrogen in the field accounts for more than 40 % of the
total NH3 emissions in France. This represents a major loss of nitrogen use efficiency which
needs to be reduced by appropriate agricultural practices. In this study we
evaluate a novel method to infer NH3 volatilisation from small
agronomic plots consisting of multiple
treatments with repetition. The method is based on the combination of a set
of NH3 diffusion sensors exposed for durations of 3 h to 1 week
and a short-range atmospheric dispersion model, used to retrieve the
emissions from each plot. The method is evaluated by mimicking NH3
emissions from an ensemble of nine plots with a resistance
analogue–compensation point–surface exchange scheme over a yearly
meteorological database separated into 28-day periods. A multifactorial
simulation scheme is used to test the effects of sensor numbers and heights,
plot dimensions, source strengths, and background concentrations on the
quality of the inference method. We further demonstrate by theoretical
considerations in the case of an isolated plot that inferring emissions with
diffusion sensors integrating over daily periods will always lead to
underestimations due to correlations between emissions and atmospheric
transfer. We evaluated these underestimations as −8 % ± 6 % of
the emissions for a typical western European climate. For multiple plots, we
find that this method would lead to median underestimations of −16 % with
an interquartile [−8–22 %] for two treatments differing by a factor of
up to 20 and a control treatment with no emissions. We further evaluate the
methodology for varying background concentrations and NH3 emissions
patterns and demonstrate the low sensitivity of the method to these factors.
The method was also tested in a real case and proved to provide sound
evaluations of NH3 losses from surface applied and incorporated
slurry. We hence showed that this novel method should be robust and suitable
for estimating NH3 emissions from agronomic plots. We believe that
the method could be further improved by using Bayesian inference and
inferring surface concentrations rather than surface fluxes. Validating
against controlled source is also a remaining challenge.
Thermal acclimation of leaf photosynthetic traits in an evergreen woodland, consistent with the coordination hypothesis
Authors: Fürstenau Togashi Henrique , Prentice Iain Colin , Atkin Owen K. , Macfarlane Craig , Prober Suzanne M. , Bloomfield Keith J. , Evans Bradley John
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Ecosystem models commonly assume that key photosynthetic traits, such as
carboxylation capacity measured at a standard temperature, are constant in
time. The temperature responses of modelled photosynthetic or respiratory
rates then depend entirely on enzyme kinetics. Optimality considerations,
however, suggest this assumption may be incorrect. The “coordination
hypothesis” (that Rubisco- and electron-transport-limited rates of
photosynthesis are co-limiting under typical daytime conditions) predicts,
instead, that carboxylation (Vcmax) capacity should acclimate so that it
increases somewhat with growth temperature but less steeply than its
instantaneous response, implying that Vcmax when normalized to a
standard temperature (e.g. 25 ∘C) should decline with
growth temperature. With additional assumptions, similar predictions can be
made for electron-transport capacity (Jmax) and mitochondrial
respiration in the dark (Rdark). To explore these hypotheses,
photosynthetic measurements were carried out on woody species during the warm
and the cool seasons in the semi-arid Great Western Woodlands, Australia,
under broadly similar light environments. A consistent proportionality
between Vcmax and Jmax was found across species. Vcmax,
Jmax and Rdark increased with temperature in most species, but
their values standardized to 25 ∘C declined. The ci:ca
ratio increased slightly with temperature. The leaf N : P ratio was lower in
the warm season. The slopes of the relationships between log-transformed
Vcmax and Jmax and temperature were close to values predicted by
the coordination hypothesis but shallower than those predicted by enzyme
kinetics.
Simulating carbon sequestration using cellular automata and land use assessment for Karaj, Iran
Authors: Khatibi Ali , Pourebrahim Sharareh , Bin Mokhtar Mazlin
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Carbon sequestration has been proposed as a means of slowing the atmospheric and marine accumulation of greenhouse gases. This study used observed and simulated land use/cover changes to investigate and predict carbon sequestration rates in the city of Karaj. Karaj, a metropolis of Iran, has undergone rapid population expansion and associated changes in recent years, and these changes make it suitable for use as a case study for rapidly expanding urban areas. In particular, high quality agricultural space, green space and gardens have rapidly transformed into industrial, residential and urban service areas. Five classes of land use/cover (residential, agricultural, rangeland, forest and barren areas) were considered in the study; vegetation and soil samples were taken from 20 randomly selected locations. The level of carbon sequestration was determined for the vegetation samples by calculating the amount of organic carbon present using the dry plant weight method, and for soil samples by using the method of Walkley and Black. For each area class, average values of carbon sequestration in vegetation and soil samples were calculated to give a carbon sequestration index. A cellular automata approach was used to simulate changes in the classes. Finally, the carbon sequestration indices were combined with simulation results to calculate changes in carbon sequestration for each class. It is predicted that, in the 15 year period from 2014 to 2029, much agricultural land will be transformed into residential land, resulting in a severe reduction in the level of carbon sequestration. Results from this study indicate that expansion of forest areas in urban counties would be an effective means of increasing the levels of carbon sequestration. Finally, future opportunities to include carbon sequestration into the simulation of land use/cover changes are outlined.
Microtopographic control on the ground thermal regime in ice wedge polygons
Authors: Abolt Charles J. , Young Michael H. , Atchley Adam L. , Harp Dylan R.
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The goal of this research is to constrain the influence of ice
wedge polygon microtopography on near-surface ground temperatures. Ice wedge
polygon microtopography is prone to rapid deformation in a changing climate,
and cracking in the ice wedge depends on thermal conditions at the top of the
permafrost; therefore, feedbacks between microtopography and ground
temperature can shed light on the potential for future ice wedge cracking in
the Arctic. We first report on a year of sub-daily ground temperature
observations at 5 depths and 9 locations throughout a cluster of low-centered
polygons near Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, and demonstrate that the rims become the
coldest zone of the polygon during winter, due to thinner snowpack. We then
calibrate a polygon-scale numerical model of coupled thermal and hydrologic
processes against this dataset, achieving an RMSE of less than
1.1 ∘C between observed and simulated ground temperature. Finally,
we conduct a sensitivity analysis of the model by systematically manipulating
the height of the rims and the depth of the troughs and tracking the effects
on ice wedge temperature. The results indicate that winter temperatures in
the ice wedge are sensitive to both rim height and trough depth, but more
sensitive to rim height. Rims act as preferential outlets of subsurface heat;
increasing rim size decreases winter temperatures in the ice wedge. Deeper
troughs lead to increased snow entrapment, promoting insulation of the ice
wedge. The potential for ice wedge cracking is therefore reduced if rims are
destroyed or if troughs subside, due to warmer conditions in the ice wedge.
These findings can help explain the origins of secondary ice wedges in modern
and ancient polygons. The findings also imply that the potential for
re-establishing rims in modern thermokarst-affected terrain will be limited
by reduced cracking activity in the ice wedges, even if regional air
temperatures stabilize.
What Does It Take to Become a Partner at a Big 4 Accounting Firm? Insights From Singapore’s Experience
Authors: Pan Gary , Seow Poh-Sun , Pang Yang Hoong , Leong Kwong Sin
Published: June 2018

Due to the shift in partner’s identity, there have been growing interests in understanding characteristics, skills and behaviours of accounting partners. Given that Big 4 Accounting firms are supposedly international accounting firms that are organized in similar structures, an interesting question of whether the same partner qualities can be applied in the Big 4 accounting firms for a non-western context such as Asia. As far as we know, no such study has been conducted in an Asian context. We argue this could be of great interest to the Big 4 Accounting firms as Asia is one of their fastest growing regions and it is essential they have partners who are equipped with the right attributes to ride the waves of rapid growth. Accordingly, our research aims to identify the essential attributes of a partner in the Big 4 accounting firms in Singapore.Our data collection involved interviewing 24 partners and ‘partners-to-be’ from the Big 4 Accounting firms in Singapore. From the data, we identified a number of attributes of a partner. Essential attributes include technical expertise, strong client relationship, solid leadership skill, team management skill, a strong sense of integrity and ethics, and good business sense. There are a few ‘good to have’ attributes that include overseas exposure, being IT savvy and having ‘X’ factor. Our study also highlighted that nurturing partner attributes may involve a development process. Mechanisms within the partner development process include having senior partners to be mentor, imitate a role model, sense-making through leadership and wide exposure to clients.
EFEITO ANALGÉSICO DA MORFINA E METADONA POR VIA EPIDURAL, ASSOCIADAS À LIDOCAÍNA EM CADELAS SUBMETIDAS À OVARIOSALPINGOHISTERECTOMIA
Authors: Da Silva Rafaella Beatriz , Fuchs Taíse , Galante Rafaela , Rodigheri Sabrina Marin
Published: June 2018

A ovariosalpingohisterectomia (OSH) é um dos procedimentos cirúrgicos mais realizados em cadelas e promove sensibilidade dolorosa moderada, sendo necessária analgesia preemptiva. A técnica de anestesia epidural pode ser utilizada com o intuito de minimizar os efeitos deletérios da dor. O objetivo deste trabalho é comparar a eficácia analgésica da morfina e metadona, associadas à lidocaína pela via epidural, bem como avaliar a incidência de efeitos adversos. Foram utilizadas 10 fêmeas caninas, aleatoriamente alocadas em dois grupos. O grupo 1 recebeu morfina (0,1 mg/kg) e lidocaína (0,3 ml/kg) e o grupo 2, metadona (0,3 mg/kg) e lidocaína (0,3 ml/kg). Foram avaliados escores de sedação e dor, bem como frequência cardíaca, respiratória, temperatura corporal, pressão arterial sistólica, saturação de oxi-hemoglobina e glicemia. De acordo com os resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que tanto a morfina quanto a metadona promovem boa analgesia com mínimos efeitos colaterais, embora a metadona pareça exercer maior depressão cardiorrespiratória.
DESEMPENHO PRODUTIVO DE VACAS GIROLANDO ESTIMADO PELO MODELO DE WOOD AJUSTADO POR METODOLOGIA BAYESIANA
Authors: Jacopini Laís Aberrachid , Barbosa Severino Benone Paes , Lourenço Daniela Andressa Lino , Silva Marcos Vinícius Gualberto Barbosa da
Published: June 2018

Utilizou-se o modelo de Wood analisado por metodologia bayesiana, para estimar os componentes da curva de lactação de diferentes grupos genéticos, de primeira (OP1) e segunda (OP2) ordem de parto: 1/4 Holandês - 3/4 Gir; 1/2 Holandês -  1/2 Gir; 3/4 Holandês - 1/4 Gir; 5/8 Holandês - 3/8 Gir e 7/8 Holandês - 1/8 Gir. Os dados de produção de leite até 305 dias de lactação pertencem ao Arquivo Zootécnico do Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Gado de Leite da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA/CNPGL). Após a estimação dos parâmetros do modelo, foram calculadas produção no pico (PP), tempo para atingir o pico (TP), persistência na lactação (PER) e duração da lactação para cada grupo genético. Animais de OP1 apresentaram menores produções por todas as fases da lactação, além de demorarem mais tempo para alcançar o pico de produção. Animais de OP2 apresentaram maior produção total de leite. A produção total de leite dos animais 7/8H-1/8G de OP1 foi semelhante a dos animais 3/4H-1/4G e 1/2H-1/2G. Para a OP2, os animais mais produtivos foram os 7/8H-1/8G, seguidos dos 3/4H-1/4G e 1/2H-1/2G. Produção intermediaria foi verificada nos animais 5/8H-3/8G e inferiores nos animais 1/4H-3/4G para ambas as ordens de parto. Não foi observada diferença significativa para duração da lactação entre os grupos genéticos estudados. Animais de OP1 são mais persistentes que animais de OP2, porém, estes são mais produtivos. Os grupos genéticos estudados se mostram persistentes quanto à duração da lactação. A metodologia bayesiana no ajuste do modelo de Wood permite estimativas acuradas das características da curva de lactação dos animais e na estimação de produção total de leite, duração da lactação e persistência.
PERDAS OCASIONADAS POR LESÕES EM CARCAÇAS BOVINAS E SEU REFLEXO ECONÔMICO NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ
Authors: Sornas Aline Souza , Rossi Júnior Paulo , Moizes Fernanda Fragoso
Published: June 2018

Das 253.583 carcaças avaliadas no período de janeiro de 2012 até dezembro de 2014, em parceria com o LAPBOV-UFPR e um frigorífico da região metropolitana de Curitiba, estimou-se a perda anual de 45 toneladas de carne lesionada, representando uma perda monetária de R$309 mil. A maior incidência de machucaduras ocorreu na região do quarto traseiro da carcaça, resultando em perdas econômicas ainda mais expressivas por conter os cortes cárneos mais valorizados no mercado, além de reduzir o tamanho, aspecto e aparência de cortes como o contra filé e a picanha, reduzindo a qualidade do produto. Em relação ao bem-estar animal, os resultados obtidos das perdas econômicas e de qualidade de carcaça são reflexos do manejo inadequado dos animais no pré-abate, e representaram 10,3% das carcaças avaliadas que continham ao menos uma lesão. O reflexo destes valores é impactante na economia estadual, considerando o abate de 2014 em todo o Estado, o valor representativo da perda seria em média de R$8,3 milhões a cada ano. O impacto é direcionado para a comercialização do produto, pois os consumidores se preocupam com questões que envolvem a qualidade dos produtos que consomem, como a origem e o bem-estar dos animais. Os dados levantados neste trabalho contribuíram para dimensionar as perdas por lesões nas carcaças bovinas, e com isso, é possível exercer um manejo pré-abate mais humanizado, de forma a garantir bem-estar aos animais, reduzindo consideravelmente as perdas.
Correlação entre o diâmetro do folículo pré-ovulatório e a eficiência reprodutiva em vacas Bos taurus indicus submetidas à inseminação artificial em tempo fixo
Authors: De Oliveira Danilo Amadori Martins , Kozicki Luiz Ernandes , Talini Rafaela , Pedrosa Victor Breno , Gassenferth Grassiele , Weiss Romildo Romualdo
Published: June 2018

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o diâmetro do folículo ovariano pré-ovulatório (FPO) no momento da IATF em vacas multíparas Bos taurus indicus correlacionando-o com a taxa de concepção (TC). Foram utilizadas 145 vacas, paridas até 65 dias, e submetidas a único protocolo: no dia 0 (d0) implante de 1,0 g de progesterona + aplicação de 2,0 mg de benzoato de estradiol; em d8 remoção dos implantes e aplicação de 500 µg de D-Cloprostenol + 300 UI de Gonadotrofina coriônica equina e 1,0 mg de cipionato de estradiol; no d10 mensurou-se o FPO (ultrassom) e procedeu-se a IATF com sêmen congelado. No d35 pós IATF realizou-se o diagnóstico de prenhez. A taxa de concepção à IATF foi de 62,7% e o diâmetro médio do FPO nas vacas prenhes foi de 15,1mm, e de 13,7mm nas vazias (P=0,03). Foram estabelecidos 04 estratos relativos ao diâmetro dos FPOs (mm): 8,0 a 11,0; 11,1 a 14,0; 14,1 a 17,0 e 17,1 a 20,0, resultando respectivamente em 37,0; 75,7; 66,6 e 72,7% de TC. Estratificou-se ainda o diâmetro do FPO em £11,0 mm e ³ 11,1 resultando em TC de 36,8% e 72,0% (P < 0,01) respectivamente. Onze animais ovularam antes da IATF, com TC de 36,4%. Concluiu-se que o diâmetro do FPO na IATF tem correlação com a TC; FPOs > 11,1mm constituem forte indicativo de maior eficiência reprodutiva.
Análise microbiológica de caldos de cana comercializados em Curitiba, Paraná
Authors: Sprenger Lew Kan , Risolia Larissa Wünsche , Hamdar Sharif Zardo , Molento Marcelo Beltrão
Published: June 2018

O objetivo do estudo foi determinar as condições higiênico-sanitárias de caldos de cana comercializados em Curitiba, Paraná. Nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2014, foram coletadas e pesquisadas amostras provenientes de 49 pontos de venda, distribuídos em 21 bairros da cidade. Foram realizadas a contagem de bolores e leveduras, mesófilos aeróbicos, coliformes totais e fecais, Escherichia coli e Salmonella sp. Também foi realizada a análise de perigos físicos. O índice de contaminação com bolores e leveduras variou de 0,56 a 5,63 Log.UFC.mL-1 e para mesófilos aeróbicos oscilou entre 0,65 a 6,54 Log.UFC.mL-1. A presença de coliformes totais acima do limite estabelecido pela normativa vigente, 2 Log.UFC.mL-1, foi detectada em 34,04% (16/47) e para coliformes fecais este índice foi 10,64% (5/47). Apenas 4,26% (2/47) das amostras estavam contaminadas com E. coli, ao passo que não foi detectada (0/47) a presença de Salmonella sp. foi encontra a presença de fibras sintéticas em caldos de canas comercializados por 4,26% (2/47) dos pontos de venda. Os resultados observados no presente estudo apontam para a ocorrência de déficits higiênico-sanitários no processo de produção do caldo de cana comercializado na cidade de Curitiba-PR. A constatação de diversas amostras contaminadas colocam em risco a saúde do consumidor, pois o produto pode ser uma fonte de patógenos causadores de DTAs.
Ocorrência e Morfometria de pontes de miocárdio em cães
Authors: Farias Édison Luiz Prisco , Sousa Renato Silva de , Gomes Frederico Guilherme Freitas Lobão Rodrigues
Published: June 2018

Foram estudados 30 corações de cães adultos, buscando-se evidenciar a ocorrência das pontes de miocárdio. Os corações foram fixados em solução de formol a 10% tamponada e em seguida dissecados. Pontes de miocárdio foram identificadas em 76,67% dos corações. No total, 32 pontes de miocárdio foram observadas, nas quais a frequência sobre o ramo direito (12,50%) diferiu do ramo esquerdo (87,50%) da artéria coronária. A largura média das pontes de miocárdio foi de 6,092mm. A análise histomorfológica revelou redução da luz arterial com mediana de 53,4% quando comparada ao segmento proximal à ponte de miocárdio.
CURVA DE PARÂMETROS SANGUÍNEOS E DE PESO EM SPHENISCUS MAGELLANICUS (FOSTER, 1781) (AVES: SPHENISCIFORMES) EM REABILITAÇÃO COM ASPERGILOSE
Authors: Melo Aryse Martins , Xavier Melissa Orzechowski , Da Silva Filho Rodolfo Pinho , Cabana Angela Leitzke , Meireles Mário Carlos Araújo
Published: June 2018

Parâmetros sanguíneos básicos e peso corpóreo são rotineiramente utilizados para monitoramento do estado geral de Pinguins-de-Magalhães em reabilitação, no entanto, estudos mostrando o perfil de variação destes parâmetros durante o desenvolvimento da aspergilose nestes animais não são conhecidos. Neste sentido, este trabalho objetivou  determinar curva de peso, de hematócrito (Ht) e de proteínas plasmáticas totais (PPT) em pinguins com aspergilose. O estudo do tipo caso-controle retrospectivo foi realizado com pinguins em reabilitação no sul do Brasil, sendo o grupo caso composto por pinguins com aspergilose, e o grupo controle por pinguins sadios. Para a determinação das curvas, foram coletados dados de amostras sequenciais, realizadas em média a cada sete dias, durante um período máximo de 81 dias, sendo estes submetidos a análise de variância (ANOVA) com teste post-hoc de Bonferroni. Ao todo, 140 animais foram estudados (50% casos e 50% controles). Pinguins com aspergilose diferiram significativamente do grupo controle em todos os parâmetros analisados, apresentando ganho de peso somente nas três primeiras coletas, com estabilização ou perda de peso nas coletas posteriores até seu desfecho, bem como declínio progressivo dos valores de Ht, os quais mantiveram-se abaixo do valor de referência para a espécie desde a terceira até a nona e última coleta, e aumento progressivo dos valores de PPT ao longo das coletas, com diferença significativa a partir da sexta coleta em relação ao grupo controle. O estabelecimento desse perfil em pinguins com aspergilose pode servir como indicativo de mau prognóstico destes animais em cativeiro, e como parâmetro para início de terapia preemptiva para aspergilose ou de investigação diagnóstica mais específica.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE SOFTWARE DE ANÁLISE DE IMAGENS PARA ESTUDOS DE MORFOMETRIA TESTICULAR E ESPERMATOGÊNESE
Authors: Machado Júnior Antonio Augusto Nascimento , Santiago Marcela Ribeiro , Menezes Elizângela Soares de , Praça Layanne de Macêdo , Araújo Morgana Santos , Carvalho Maria Acelina Martins de
Published: June 2018

Objetivou-se avaliar a utilização do software Leica Qwin D1000, versão 4.1 para estudo de morfometria testicular e espermatogênese. Utilizou-se, quatro galos (Gallus gallus domesticus), machos adultos, entre 6 meses e 1 ano criados extensivamente. Após a obtenção do Índice Gonadossomático, os fragmentos de testículos foram processados para microscopia de luz e posteriormente realizou-se a morfometria testicular, onde, empregaram-se duas técnicas: uma convencional, em que o diâmetro dos túbulos seminíferos (DT) e altura do epitélio seminífero (AE) foram mensurados a partir de secções transversais de túbulos com contorno o mais circular possível, no mesmo estádio do ciclo do epitélio seminífero, com o auxílio de uma ocular micrométrica de 10x acoplada à objetiva de 40x; e uma técnica alternativa, com a utilização do software para análise de imagens, realizando mensurações sob as mesmas condições da técnica convencional. As imagens foram capturadas na objetiva de 40x e na ocular de 10x, obtendo um aumento de 400x. O diâmetro tubular e o comprimento total dos túbulos seminíferos apresentaram valores semelhantes (p > 0,01) tanto pela técnica convencional quanto pela técnica alternativa. Conclui-se que o software Leica Qwin D1000 apresenta confiabilidade para ser utilizado em pesquisas envolvendo avaliação histológica de testículos.
DIAGNÓSTICO IN VIVO DA SENSIBILIDADE DE NEMATOIDES A DIFERENTES ANTIHELMÍNTICOS EM OVINOS CRIADOS EM SISTEMA SEMI-INTENSIVO
Authors: Costa Starling Renan Zappavigna , Martins Isabella Vilhena , ALVES Cintia SILVA , VIANA Marcos Vinícius GONÇALVES , DIETRICH WILLY STEFANON
Published: June 2018

Grande variação no grau de resistência de populações de nematódeos é observada em grupos químicos, entre eles os anti-helmínticos, sendo este o principal entrave para obtenção do controle da verminose na ovinocultura. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a sensibilidade de nematoides de ovinos mestiços em criação semi-intensiva em três propriedades a cinco princípios ativos (levamisol, albendazol, ivermectina, monepantel e closantel) utilizados nas vermifugação. Foram analisadas amostras fecais, em três momentos (antes, 7 e 14 dias após o tratamento) utilizando a técnica de Gordon e Withlock (OPG), processadas e calculadas pelas fórmulas Eficácia=(1-[OPGtratado/OPGcontrole])x100 e Redução de OPG = 100 x [OPGt0 – OPGtn/OPGt0 ]. Nos momentos sete e quatorze os grupos tratamentos diferiram significativamente (p< 0,05%) do momento zero, porém, os animais tratados com ivermectina no momento quatorze não apresentaram diferença significativa quando comparado ao grupo controle. No exame coproparasitológico os gêneros mais frequentes foram Haemonchus e Trichostrongylus. Na primeira propriedade o monepantel e o albendazol demonstraram os melhores resultados de redução de OPG, na segunda propriedade o levamisol, closantel e monepantel apresentaram resultados expressivos quando comparado aos demais fármacos e na terceira propriedade os fármacos que tiveram melhores resultados de redução de OPG foram levamisol e monepantel. Nas propriedades A, B e C, foram diagnosticadas populações de nematoides resistentes a ivermectina. Nas propriedades B e C, foram diagnosticadas populações de nematoides resistentes a albendazol.
Researching Gender Professions: Nurses as Professionals
Authors: Zufiaurre Benjamin , Villarreal Maider Pérez de
Published: June 2018

Nurses as professionals of health, childhood education teachers, social workers and caregivers, join a group of“feminine professions” which grew through policies of a welfare state in postwar constructive period, or in times ofpostwar accords (Jones, 1983). These professions are under challenge because of neoliberal policies and practices inthe 21st century. In the paper, we want to give lights to the contradictory situations nurses face, as workers and ascare keepers. Nurses, suffer of a combination of public and private functions, at work, at home, and when caringfamily relatives. The way women feel about their role as professionals, and as women and workers, is illuminative,as we enquired in a funded research developed with nurses in the community of Navarra, Spain, first from 1993 to1996, and next, checking a continuity each ten years, 2006 and next 2016.
Extracurricular Activities Amongst Health Colleges Students at the Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Authors: Al-Hariri Mohammed Taha , Al-Hattami Abdulghani
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVES: To study the attitude of health colleges students about extracurricular activities.METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted among 213 students, only 117 students responded. An online survey was sent to all students in the second-year health colleges at the Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (formally University of Dammam) in Saudi Arabia in 2015 (February-April). The survey consisted of two parts; Part I: Students participation in different activities, and Part II: consisted of questions about the barriers of participating in the extracurricular activities.RESULTS: The results showed that the participation percentage in extracurricular activities was low (9.6%). Students at the present study reported that the most common obstacle was the conflict with the classes. Students stated other factors such as; there were no incentive, not encouraged by faculty members to participate in extracurricular activities, no guidance for the activities and its objectives and that most of the activities are not attractive.CONCLUSION: Engagement in extracurricular activities among health colleges student at the Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University was low. Obstacles should be addressed by the deanships of student affairs in order to enhance the involvement in extracurricular activity.
The Effect on Children’s Attitudes Towards Food Associated With Their Non-Cognitive Skills, and With the Nutrition Knowledge of Their Parents
Authors: Osera Tomoko , Taniguchi Nobuko , Hashimoto Hiroko , Kurihara Nobutaka
Published: June 2018

Early childhood is the most important time for establishing healthy eating habits, and of course during this period a mother can have a great influence in this regard. In this study explored what major factors influence the development children’s food habits and whether the level of nutrition knowledge of parents has a material impact. This study involved 219 students (age renge, 3–5 years) and their parents in Osaka prefecture in Japan. Mothers were administered questionnaires that contained uestions pertaining to lifestyle, unidentifiable description of the children and their guardian’s SRH along with 39 questions to assess the food-related habits and attitudes. The correlates of the nutrition-related knowledge level of mothers and the children’s concern and respect for healthy eating were assessed using the Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and the Mann-Whitney U test. The differences between high and low amount of parental knowledge and high and low non-cognitive skills towards food groups were also examined. Completed questionnaires were returned by 219 of the participants. Among the respondents, 50.7% were male, and 92.2% of the parents indicated that they get nutrition information from the Internet. We remarkably found that the level of mother’s knowledge about nutrition had no statistically significant influence on how the children in this study understood food. However, chilren’s concern and respect for food were significantly associated with their participation in various aspects of food preparation (help with washing and cooking of food) and presentation (help with setting up the table) (P < 0.05, Mann–Whitney U test). Participation of Japanese kindergarten children in such activities was significantly associated with high level of food-related non-cognitive skills. Of note, the nutrition-related knowledge level of the mother showed no significant association with the attitude of their children towasds food.
Africa’s Youth Unemployment Challenge and the Pursuit of Soft Skills Development by University Students
Authors: Assan Joseph , Nalutaaya Violette
Published: June 2018

This paper seeks to address the growing challenge of youth employment in Kenya. The study explores how the provision and acquisition of soft skills by university students influence their employability in the current labour market in Kenya. The objective of the paper is to examine the current training programs in soft skills development being offered to university students and the extent to which they enhance the ability of the participants to obtain employment. We use a case study approach to ascertain the opportunities provided by the Employment Training Program which offers mentoring and coaching to young people in key soft and employment skills as they transition from tertiary institutions into the workforce. The paper triangulates quantitative and qualitative methodologies that draw on a pre-training survey, key informant interviews, a post training survey and focus group discussions to inform the study. The research shows that addressing the information gap for job opportunities can help reduce youth unemployment. The development of entrepreneurship, interpersonal skills, public relations and online jobs search skills are amongst the observed training gaps. The findings of the study further indicate that employers are interested in young people who are consistent, reliable, have good communication and presentation skills as well as realistic career expectations. The study concludes that whilst several students seem keen on obtaining soft skills, some are unable to capitalize on the acquisition of such skills to enhance their employment prospects. The paper recommends incorporating employability programs into the Kenyan educational curriculum at the secondary and tertiary levels to address the vicious cycle of unemployment.
Revisión sistemática sobre la aplicación y efectividad de tratamientos basados en mindfulness en personas con discapacidad intelectual
Authors: Calderón Vicente Rosa , Caballo Escribano Cristina
Published: June 2018

El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido realizar una revisión sistemática de los estudios científicos que han aplicado tratamientos psicológicos basados en mindfulness a población con discapacidad intelectual para profundizar en la evidencia disponible respecto a su aplicabilidad y eficacia. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos desde julio de 2015 hasta mayo de 2016 y se utilizaron referencias comprendidas entre los años 2000 y 2015. Se seleccionaron y analizaron trece artículos que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que las terapias basadas en mindfulness parecen influir positivamente en las conductas y emociones de personas con discapacidad intelectual límite, media o moderada, con una edad superior a dieciséis años. Estos hallazgos, sin embargo, deben ser interpretados con cautela debido a las limitaciones metodológicas identificadas en los estudios revisados, siendo necesario seguir investigando y mejorando los diseños de las investigaciones, para poder corroborar los resultados iniciales.
Los servicios profesionales para las personas con discapacidad. Principios, valores y dilemas éticos
Authors: Pérez-Castro Judith , González-Osorio Pamela
Published: June 2018

En este artículo analizamos los principios y valores que guían el ejercicio profesional cuando los usuarios tienen una discapacidad, en el contexto de dos campos de conocimiento: la ética profesional y los derechos humanos. Particularmente, nos enfocamos en la labor de los trabajadores sociales. Abordamos también algunos dilemas éticos que estos profesionales pueden enfrentar en su práctica cotidiana, destacando tres de los más señalados en los estudios sobre personas con discapacidad: el conflicto entre los intereses del usuario, el profesional y la institución; la obtención del consentimiento informado, y la tensión entre la autonomía del usuario y los compromisos del profesional. A lo largo del texto, reiteramos la importancia de contextualizar los principios y valores profesionales a partir de las necesidades de las de las personas con discapacidad, las cuales tienden a ser más específicas que las del resto de la población.
Diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz de la hipoacusia unilateral o asimétrica en la infancia: recomendaciones CODEPEH 2017
Authors: Núñez Batalla Faustino , Jáudenes Casaubón Carmen , Sequí Canet José Miguel , Vivanco Allende Ana , Zubicaray Ugarteche José
Published: June 2018

Núñez, F. et al. (2018): “Diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz de la hipoacusia unilateral o asimétrica en la infancia: recomendaciones CODEPEH 2017”. Revista Española de Discapacidad, 6 (I): 259-280.
Evaluation of information in the statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income of WIG30 companies
Authors: Łazarowicz Edyta
Published: June 2018

The aim of the article is to analyze and assess the comparability of the structure and content of statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income of listed companies included in the WIG30 index (excluding financial institutions and foreign companies) and to propose some solutions to increase comparability. 21 financial statements for 2016 were analyzed. Two research methods were used: literature review and anal-ysis of the content of financial statements. All companies presented gross profit subtotal, which classified expenses by function in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income (almost 75% of analyzed companies). However, some differences were observed in the calculation of that subtotal. The majority of the companies also presented other subtotals which are not required by IAS 1 – an operating profit subtotal and profit before tax subtotal. Generally all companies classified expenses by nature in the manner prescribed in the Polish Accounting Act. IASB should consider a requirement that companies pre-sent more additional subtotals in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, and should also prescribe the way of its calculation because many companies in the world (including Poland) present such subtotals. Moreover, in order to increase comparability of this statement, it might be advisable to introduce more detailed regulations concerning classification of expenses by nature and the place of presen-tation of the item Share of result of associates and joint ventures, because as some research indicates there are inconsistencies at the global scale. The findings of this research can be useful for the IASB work on changes in the structure and content of the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income to increase its comparability. Moreover, in Poland, previous research concerning the structure and content of the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income mainly focused on other comprehensive income rather than profit or loss.
Management of accounting information resources security in Polish entities – study results
Authors: Szczepankiewicz Elżbieta
Published: June 2018

The presence of contemporary entities in the cyber-space shows that IT offers unlimited possibilities of running a business and developing an organisation. On the other hand, it involves a greater number of internal and external threats in the area of accounting information resources security. The objective of the paper is to diagnose the current level of accounting information resources security (AIRS) assurance in Polish business entities. The paper analyses two research hypotheses. In accordance with the first one, the AIRS assurance level in various entity groups may be different, even though all entities should have implemented the same requirements of the Accounting Act in the analyzed area. The identified differences may result from the effect of additional, industry-specific regulations. The other hypothesis claims that in the private business area, accounting and auditing companies adhere to AIRS regulations more strictly than other small and medium enterprises. The paper defines the fundamental factors affecting the functioning of corporate accounting systems in the three dimensions of the cyber-space. Subsequently, the author presents the results of empirical research on how corporate information security is ensured in the context of internal accounting control systems and the requirements of the Polish Accounting Act. The results of the empirical research show how the management of the analysed entities crafts the basic elements of their internal environment as well as internal communication and control processes connected with ensuring information resources security. The results also show the management’s approach to various aspects of risk management of accounting information resources security, as well as to adherence to organisational and administrative procedures, and to hardware and software safeguards in the IT environment of the accounting system. The issues analysed in the present paper open a scholarly discussion that should lead to the development of theoretical models, recommendation of efficient methods and tools, as well as indication of adequate legislative initiatives. Research methods used by the author include analysis of literature and legislation, analysis of survey results, deduction and inference.
Ubiquitination, quality control and degradation of membrane proteins – chance for therapies?
Authors: Wawrzycka Donata , Mizio Katarzyna
Published: June 2018

Plasma membrane integrity maintenance is crucial for cell survival. Plasma membrane proteins are under tight regulation and under certain conditions are actively removed from the membrane allowing cells to adapt to changing environment. Proteins blocked in the cell membrane may interact with other molecules and form toxic aggregates. Ubiquitin is one of the most important modifiers targeting proteins for degradation and/or regulating protein
functions. Several quality control mechanisms have been identified in eukaryotic cells: chaperone-
dependent system that recognizes and ubiquitinates misfolded or redundant membrane
proteins; protein-intrinsic LID-degron system, based on recognition of degron and ARTs-Rsp5
network that controls quality of membrane transporters. Rsp5, a Nedd4-family E3 ubiquitin
ligase, is crucial for plasma membrane proteins ubiquitination. Rsp5-dependent ubiquitin
action acts as a sorting signal for internalization of a membrane protein via endocytosis, recognition
by the ESCRT system and vacuolar degradation. Rsp5 builds poliUb-chains on K63 and
recognizes substrates through various adaptor proteins. Most of the identified Rsp5 adaptors
belongs to the α-arrestin family. Plasma membrane protein ubiquitination and degradation
disorders may cause neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. The yeast Saccharomyces
cerevisiae is one of the best models for studying trafficking pathways of membrane proteins
and ubiquitination systems.
EFFICIENT QUANTIFICATION OF FREE AND FORCED CONVECTION VIA THE DECOUPLING OF THERMO-MECHANICAL AND THERMO-FLUIDIC SIMULATIONS OF MACHINE TOOLS
Authors: GLAENZEL Janine , IHLENFELDT Steffen , NAUMANN Christian , PUTZ Matthias
Published: June 2018

Thermo-elastic deformations represent one of the main reasons for positioning errors in machine tools. Investigations of the thermo-mechanical behaviour of machine tools, especially during the design phase, rely mainly on thermo-elastic simulations. These require the knowledge of heat sources and sinks and assumptions on the heat dissipation via convection, conduction and radiation. Forced convection such as that caused by moving assemblies has both a large influence on the heat dissipation to the surrounding air. The most accurate way
of taking convection into account is via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. These simulations compute heat transfer coefficients for every finite element on the machine tool surface, which can then be used as boundary conditions for accurate thermo-mechanical simulations. Transient thermo-mechanical simulations with moving assemblies thus require a CFD simulation during each time step, which is very time-consuming. This paper presents an alternative by using characteristic diagrams to interpolate the CFD simulations. The new method uses precomputed thermal coefficients of a small number of load cases as support points to estimate
the convection of all relevant load cases (i.e. ambient conditions). It will be explained and demonstrated
on a machine tool column.
INVESTIGATION OF A HIGH-FORCED COOLING SYSTEM FOR
THE ELEMENTS OF HEAT POWER INSTALLATIONS
Authors: GENBACH Alexander A. , BONDARTSEV David Yu. , ILIEV Iliya K.
Published: June 2018

The studies of the ultimate thermal flows have been carried out in metallic and poorly heat-conducting porous structures, which operate when gravitational and capillary forces act jointly and cool various devices of thermal power plants in order to create a scientific methodology. The mechanism of destruction of metal vaporizing surfaces and poorly heat-conducting coatings of low porosity made of natural mineral media (granite) has been described on the basis of the problem of thermoelasticity and experimental data. Thermal flow dependences on time of their action and depth of penetration of temperature perturbations were identified based on analogy. Capillary-porous systems have high intensity, heat transport ability, reliability, compactness. The results
of calculations and experiment showed that the maximum thickness of the particles that detach under
the influence of compression forces for granite coatings is (0.25÷0.3).10-2 m. Sections of compression curves that determine the detachment of particles with dimensions of more than 0.3·10-2 m for large thermal flows and short feed times, are screened by the melting curve, and in the case of small thermal flows and time intervals
- the expansion curve.
Reflection and the Aristotelian Theory of Vision
Authors: Andreou Christiana
Published: June 2018

Reflection was the only optical phenomenon known in ancient Greek science and its quantitative law was soon discovered. The phenomenon, as we understand it today, is related to some sort of motion. In the present paper, we discuss the compatibility of the explanations of the phenomenon of reflection with the Aristotelian theory of visual perception in which no movement is involved. First, we describe Aristotle’s theory of vision, then we will examine the role, if any, of reflection in the Aristotelian theory of vision, and, finally, we propose a way to explain how the phenomenon of reflection can be accommodated into the Aristotelian theory of visual perception.
The Role of Irony in Xenophon’s Dialogue of Socrates with Theodote
Authors: Berg Richard A.
Published: June 2018

In his Memoirs of Socrates at 3.11 Xenophon reports a dialogue of Socrates with Theodote, a high-ranking prostitute, which looks to be unique in the ancient Greek canon in representing a philosophical exchange of ideas between a man and woman. But what are we to make of the dialogue between them? The mere occurrence of the dialogue alone is surely not enough to make Xenophon’s Socrates out to be a feminist. In the attempt to understand the exchange between them I argue it is important to note that Theodote’s offer for Socrates to cross the line from the mind to the body makes literal and commercial sense, while Socrates’ description of his male followers as “girlfriends” does neither. Moreover, the biting irony of the dialogue’s conclusion suggests that he would not have wanted her to join his male followers, thus breaking with their established women-stay-at- home social conventions. Xenophon’s Theodote dialogue, I conclude, emphatically does not make Socrates out to be a feminist, at least not in the sense of being willing to accept female followers.
On the Unity of Aristotelian Composite Substance
Authors: Cao Qingyun
Published: June 2018

Aristotle claims that sensible substance is composed of form and matter, while he insists that it is a unity in the strictest sense, that is, the same and one, rather than a heap. However, in what sense a composite thing can be a unity? He takes pains to give an answer in Metaphysics. The key solution lies in his account of matter as potentiality and form as actuality. But many scholars are bewildered by his laconic expressions of the solution, and there are mainly two approaches of interpretations. One is ‘projective’, which takes substance as a basically unified concept; matter and form are two derived aspects of the unity. Another approach is ‘explanatory’, which takes form and matter as the real components and attempts to explain how they can constitute a unitary substance in a time and across a time. The main tasks of this paper are to reexamine the problem and the two approaches and to argue that the manner that a substance is unified should be understood in the light of its coming to be; a sensible substance is a diachronic composite and a functional unity.