bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Large-scale fabrication of meta-axicon with circular polarization on CMOS platform
Authors: Han Gyu-Won , Jang Jaewon , Park Minsu , Cho Hui Jae , Song Jungchul , Park Yeonsang
Published: October 2024

Metasurfaces, consisting of arrays of subwavelength structures, are lightweight and compact while being capable of implementing the functions of traditional bulky optical components. Furthermore, they have the potential to significantly improve complex optical systems in terms of space and cost, as they can simultaneously implement multiple functions. The wafer-scale mass production method based on the CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) process plays a crucial role in the modern semiconductor industry. This approach can also be applied to the production of metasurfaces, thereby accelerating the entry of metasurfaces into industrial applications. In this study, we demonstrated the mass production of large-area meta-axicons with a diameter of 2 mm on an 8-inch wafer using DUV (Deep Ultraviolet) photolithography. The proposed meta-axicon designed here is based on PB (Pancharatnam–Berry) phase and is engineered to simultaneously modulate the phase and polarization of light. In practice, the fabricated meta-axicon generated a circularly polarized Bessel beam with a depth of focus (DoF) of approximately 2.3 mm in the vicinity of 980 nm. We anticipate that the mass production of large-area meta-axicons on this CMOS platform can offer various advantages in optical communication, laser drilling, optical trapping, and tweezing applications.
A comparative investigation of neutron and gamma radiation interaction properties of zircaloy-2 and zircaloy-4 with consideration of mechanical properties
Authors: Sen Baykal Duygu
Published: October 2024

This study has established the radiation shielding efficacy of zircaloy-2 and zircaloy-4 over a wide spectrum of energy levels. Using the Monte Carlo method, the gamma and neutron transmission factors (TF and nTF) were calculated for various energy levels. Zircaloy-2 demonstrated the highest gamma-ray absorption capacity and the lowest neutron absorption capacity among the investigated alloys. The results indicate that zircaloy-2 and zircaloy-4 have nearly the same neutron transmission characteristics. Although many studies have examined the structure and physical characteristics of these materials, there has been a lack of Monte Carlo simulations to comprehensively investigate the correlation between gamma absorption, neutron absorption parameters, and mechanical qualities. This research aims to examine the ability of zirconium and its zircaloy-2 and zircaloy-4 alloys, which are critical materials used in the nuclear industry, to absorb gamma and neutron radiation over a broad spectrum of frequencies. According to the results, zircaloy-2 has the best ability to absorb secondary gamma rays and the highest level of resistance to them. Despite the minimal disparity in the nTF between the two alloys, simulation results have shown that zircaloy-2 has a higher level of neutron transmittance. These results have the potential to expedite the development of novel materials with enhanced attributes for various applications.
A data science approach to optimize ADHD assessment with the BRIEF-2 questionnaire
Authors: Caselles-Pina Lucía , del Amo Paula Serna , Aguado David , López-Castromán Jorge , Sanjuán-Antúnez Juan de Dios , Delgado-Gómez David
Published: October 2024

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder. A key challenge associated with this condition is achieving an early diagnosis. The current study seeks to anticipate and delineate the assessments offered by both parents and teachers concerning a child’s behavior and overall functioning with the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-2 (BRIEF-2). Mothers, fathers, and teachers of 59 children diagnosed or in the process of being assessed for ADHD participated in this study. The responses provided by 59 mothers, 59 fathers, and 57 teachers to the BRIEF-2 questionnaire were collected. The performance of various feature selection techniques, including Lasso, decision trees, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and forward stepwise regression, was evaluated. The results indicate that Lasso stands out as the optimal method for our dataset, striking an ideal balance between accuracy and interpretability. A repeated validation analysis reveals an average positive correlation exceeding 0.5 between the inattention/hyperactivity scores reported by informants (mother, father, or teacher) and the predictions derived from Lasso. This performance is achieved using only approximately 18% of the BRIEF-2 items. These findings underscore the usefulness of variable selection techniques in accurately characterizing a patient’s condition while employing a small subset of assessment items. This efficiency is particularly valuable in time-constrained settings and contributes to improving the comprehension of ADHD.
Molecular and Circuit Mechanisms Regulating Nausea and Vomiting: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives
Authors: Xu Sen , Zhou Guokun , Wu Bin , Liu Tong
Published: October 2024

Nausea and vomiting are closely related but distinct physiologic and psychological phenomena that are often experienced together. The incidence of nausea and vomiting are high but our understanding of the molecular and circuit mechanisms is limited. Currently, the drug treatments for nausea and vomiting are not very effective but are often accompanied by unpleasant side effects. Therefore, nausea and vomiting remain a crucial factor affecting early recovery of patients and urgent measures are needed to enhance prevention and treatment efforts, alleviate patient suffering, improve healthcare outcomes, and promote rapid recovery. The mechanism underlying nausea and vomiting is complex and involves multiple different receptors and neural pathways, all of which have important roles. Herein we reviewed the recent advances involving the molecular and neural circuit mechanisms regulating nausea and vomiting as well as the clinical factors and research status of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Understanding nausea and vomiting circuitry and cellular mechanisms is crucial for developing PONV prevention and treatment strategies.
How Distributed Subcortical Integration of Reward and Threat May Inform Subsequent Approach–Avoidance Decisions
Authors: Hulsman Anneloes M. , Klaassen Felix H. , de Voogd Lycia D. , Roelofs Karin , Klumpers Floris
Published: October 2024

Healthy and successful living involves carefully navigating rewarding and threatening situations by balancing approach and avoidance behaviors. Excessive avoidance to evade potential threats often leads to forfeiting potential rewards. However, little is known about how reward and threat information is integrated neurally to inform approach or avoidance. In this preregistered study, participants (Nbehavior = 31, 17F;NMRI = 28, 15F) made approach–avoidance decisions under varying reward (monetary gains) and threat (electrical stimulations) prospects during functional MRI scanning. In contrast to theorized parallel subcortical processing of reward and threat information before cortical integration, Bayesian multivariate multilevel analyses revealed subcortical reward and threat integration prior to indicating approach–avoidance decisions. This integration occurred in the ventral striatum, thalamus, and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST). When reward was low, risk-diminishing avoidance decisions dominated, which was linked to more positive tracking of threat magnitude prior to indicating avoidance than approach decisions. In contrast, the amygdala exhibited dual sensitivity to reward and threat. While anticipating outcomes of risky approach decisions, we observed positive tracking of threat magnitude within the salience network (dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, thalamus, periaqueductal gray, BNST). Conversely, after risk-diminishing avoidance, characterized by reduced reward prospects, we observed more negative tracking of reward magnitude in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum. These findings shed light on the temporal dynamics of approach–avoidance decision-making. Importantly, they demonstrate the role of subcortical integration of reward and threat information in balancing approach and avoidance, challenging theories positing predominantly separate subcortical processing prior to cortical integration.
Acid-Sensing Ion Channels Drive the Generation of Tactile Impulses in Merkel Cell–Neurite Complexes of the Glabrous Skin of Rodent Hindpaws
Authors: Yamada Akihiro , Gautam Mayank , Yamada Ayaka I. , Ling Jennifer , Gupta Saurav , Furue Hidemasa , Luo Wenqin , Gu Jianguo G.
Published: October 2024

Merkel cell–neurite complexes (MNCs) are enriched in touch-sensitive areas, including whisker hair follicles and the glabrous skin of the rodent's paws, where tactile stimulation elicits slowly adapting type 1 (SA1) tactile impulses to encode for the sense of touch. Recently, we have shown with rodent whisker hair follicles that SA1 impulses are generated through fast excitatory synaptic transmission at MNCs and driven by acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs). However, it is currently unknown whether, besides whisker hair follicles, ASICs also play an essential role in generating SA1 impulses from MNCs of other body parts in mammals. In the present study, we attempted to address this question by using the skin–nerve preparations made from the hindpaw glabrous skin and tibial nerves of both male and female rodents and applying the pressure-clamped single–fiber recordings. We showed that SA1 impulses elicited by tactile stimulation to the rat hindpaw glabrous skin were largely diminished in the presence of amiloride and diminazene, two ASIC channel blockers. Furthermore, using the hindpaw glabrous skin and tibial nerve preparations made from the mice genetically deleted of ASIC3 channels (ASIC3−/−), we showed that the frequency of SA1 impulses was significantly lower in ASIC3−/−mice than in littermate wild-type ASIC3+/+mice, a result consistent with the pharmacological experiments with ASIC channel blockers. Our findings suggest that ASIC channels are essential for generating SA1 impulses to underlie the sense of touch in the glabrous skin of rodent hindpaws.
Encoding of Vibrotactile Stimuli by Mechanoreceptors in Rodent Glabrous Skin
Authors: Medlock Laura , Al-Basha Dhekra , Halawa Adel , Dedek Christopher , Ratté Stéphanie , Prescott Steven A.
Published: October 2024

Somatosensory coding in rodents has been mostly studied in the whisker system and hairy skin, whereas the function of low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs) in the rodent glabrous skin has received scant attention, unlike in primates where the glabrous skin has been the focus. The relative activation of different LTMR subtypes carries information about vibrotactile stimuli, as does the rate and temporal patterning of LTMR spikes. Rate coding depends on the probability of a spike occurring on each stimulus cycle (reliability), whereas temporal coding depends on the timing of spikes relative to the stimulus cycle (precision). Using in vivo extracellular recordings in male rats and mice of either sex, we measured the reliability and precision of LTMR responses to tactile stimuli including sustained pressure and vibration. Similar to other species, rodent LTMRs were separated into rapid-adapting (RA) or slow-adapting based on their response to sustained pressure. However, unlike the dichotomous frequency preference characteristic of RA1 and RA2/Pacinian afferents in other species, rodent RAs fell along a continuum. Fitting generalized linear models to experimental data reproduced the reliability and precision of rodent RAs. The resulting model parameters highlight key mechanistic differences across the RA spectrum; specifically, the integration window of different RAs transitions from wide to narrow as tuning preferences across the population move from low to high frequencies. Our results show that rodent RAs can support both rate and temporal coding, but their heterogeneity suggests that coactivation patterns play a greater role in population coding than for dichotomously tuned primate RAs.
Peer Relationships, Academic Motivation, Academic Self-Efficacy, and Student Achievement: Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Rachmawati Nilam Septi Ariria , Nurlaili Eka Indah , Dewi Retno Mustika
Published: October 2024

This study utilizes statistical approaches and hypothesis testing to explore the relationships among variables in the context of peer relationships, academic motivation, academic self-efficacy, and economic learning outcomes among 10th-grade students at Surabaya Public Senior High School 12. It employs a quantitative research design with a sample of 191 10th-grade students from Surabaya Public Senior High School 12. Data collection is conducted through a Likert-scale questionnaire, which is then analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and moderated mediation analysis using the PROCESS Hayes Model 7 method. The results of the study indicate significant relationships among the variables under investigation. Peer relationships (PR) have a positive impact on academic motivation (AM), academic self-efficacy (ASE), and economic learning outcomes (EO). Similarly, the relationship between academic motivation and economic learning outcomes also shows a positive impact. Furthermore, it is found that academic motivation mediates the relationship between peer relationships and economic learning outcomes. Academic self-efficacy also moderates the relationship between peer relationships and academic motivation, where this moderating effect reduces the strength of the expected mediation effect.
Managing macrophage activation syndrome SLE: Clinical and therapeutic insights
Authors: Taparia Ruby , Veeravalli Sarath Chandra Mouli
Published: October 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease with frequent hematologic complications, including leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and, in rare cases, macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). MAS, a severe hyperinflammatory condition, presents diagnostic challenges due to its overlap with SLE flares, infections, and drug-related adverse effects. This case report presents a 22-year-old female with SLE who experienced clinical deterioration following methotrexate initiation, manifesting as fever, pancytopenia, and transaminitis. Differential diagnoses were considered, including MAS, infection, and methotrexate toxicity. Prompt recognition and management with corticosteroids and immunoglobulins led to clinical improvement, underscoring the complexity of diagnosing and treating MAS in SLE patients.
Verbalisations of Emotions in the Sociolect of Secondary School Students in the Light of Survey Research
Authors: Drożdż Krzysztof
Published: October 2024

The article contains the results of a survey on words within one of the lexical-semantic fields that can be distinguished among Polish secondary school students – the issue of using messages regarding effects/feelings in informal situations. The aim of the study was to isolate units of articles regarding emotions and their descriptions. Source material for the 1765 survey. Follow-up additional advanced testing descriptive section. The quantitative range is indicated as fields, and its exclusion is displayed based on the survey results. Featured include: colloquialisms (chicken face, embarrassment); profanity (whore); descriptions of the internal state and situation (I made a blunder, it was a disaster); loanwords and their innovations (lofciam, wiksa). The collected material makes it possible to present and partially discuss lexemes, nominative phrases, utterances and sentences used by students from selected secondary schools. The content presented in the article is real material obtained during several years of research.
Translated Poetry in Late Soviet Latvia: sporadic modernism and the construction of world literature
Authors: Ivars Šteinbergs
Published: October 2024

The article builds upon previous work that has been written about the connection between translation and colonial endeavours (Tymoczko, 1999; Robinson, 2014), as well as the research done in the field of Baltic post-colonialism (Annus, 2018), and focuses on cases of poetic production in Soviet Latvia during the time after de-Stalinization. By surveying data on the publication of books of translated poetry in Latvia after 1956 – when knowledge of Stalin’s terror disseminated, the study reveals how translation was used to strengthen Soviet power in occupied territories. The “world” that was being represented through translation was largely Eurocentric and Russocentric. Simultaneously, from the 1960s onward, several Latvian translators wrote translations and poems that survive both as documents of cultural others, and as testimonies of local noncompliance. These works are imbued with modernist poetics that was unfamiliar to or even condemned by the propagators of socialist realism, the official and ideologically saturated aesthetic promoted by the Soviet regime. The article suggests reading such texts as a kind of sporadic modernism within Soviet Latvia.
Funkciniai metakalbiniai komentarai skliaustuose Martino Fordo knygoje „Rise of the Robots“ ir jų vertimas į lietuvių kalbą
Authors: Gempler Janina , Mikelionienė Jurgita
Published: October 2024

Research on the translation of metalinguistic comments (MLCs) in parentheses is rather scarce considering the relevance of the topic. The quality of the translation largely depends on the use of translation strategies such as the omission and addition of MLCs in the target texts as well as the retention or displacement of punctuation marks based on the function of the comment in the original language and the pragmatic aspects of punctuation. The aim of the study is twofold: to determine the functions of MLCs in parentheses in a popular science text and the strategies of their translation into Lithuanian. The study is mainly based on the typology of the functions of MLCs in parentheses and the classification of translation strategies, developed by Levin and Ström Herold (2021). The results of the study revealed that MLCs in parentheses in popular science texts were mostly used for the purposes of specification and were always retained in target texts. MLCs in parentheses that appeared only in the target text included cases of additions and shifts that were used to maximise the pragmatic effect, to highlight the author’s subjective opinion or to hide information that was not particularly relevant to the target reader. Omission, on the other hand, was more of a coincidence than a tendency.
Effect of Blade Material of Steam Turbine Rotor on Aeroelastic Characteristics
Authors:   Anatolii Pidhornyi Institute of Power Machines and Systems of NAS of Ukraine, Bykov Yurii A. , Kolodiazhna Liubov V. ,   Anatolii Pidhornyi Institute of Power Machines and Systems of NAS of Ukraine
Published: October 2024

Elements of powerful steam turbines are subjected to significant unsteady loads, in particular the rotor blades of the last stages. These loads, in some cases, can cause self-excited oscillations, which are extremely dangerous and have a negative impact on the efficiency and service life of the blade cascade. Therefore, when designing new or modernizing existing steam turbine stages, it is recommended to study the aeroelastic characteristics of the blades. The conditions for the occurrence of self-excited oscillations are influenced by both the geometric characteristics and the alloy from which the blade is made. To determine the effect of the blade material on the aeroelastic behaviour, a numerical analysis of the aeroelastic characteristics of the last stage blades made of steel and titanium alloy was performed. For the analysis, the method of simultaneous modeling of unsteady gas flow through the blade cascades and elastic vibrations of the blades (coupled problem) was used, which allows obtaining the amplitude-frequency spectrum of the interaction of unsteady loads and blade vibrations. The paper presents the results of numerical analysis for harmonic oscillations with a given amplitude and a given inter-blade phase angle, as well as for the regime of coupled vibration of blades under the action of unsteady aerodynamic forces. The dependences of the aerodamping coefficient on the inter-blade phase angle and the distribution of the coefficient along the blade are presented. The results of modeling the coupled vibration of the blades for the first six natural forms are presented in the form of a time-evolving displacement of the blade peripheral section, as well as forces and moments acting on the peripheral section. The corresponding amplitude-frequency spectra of displacements and loads in the peripheral section are also presented. The analysis of the results showed an insignificant difference in the characteristics of the proposed blade materials. For the first natural form of blade oscillations, the possibility of self-excited oscillations was found, and for the second form, there are conditions for the appearance of stable self-oscillations.
CEMPRI, a primary cementing software for vertical onshore wells as a tool for petroleum engineering education
Authors: Jiménez-Moreno Marcos Andrés , Hernández-Barajas José Roberto , Jiménez-Hernández José del Carmen , Laines-Canepa José Ramón
Published: October 2024

The use of simulation software applicable to the various stages of petroleum engineering facilitates decision-making and, at the same time, minimizes possible failures, problems, and incidents during each well intervention. In addition, a computer tool provides the user with instant and accurate results that can be used during personnel training and higher education. The objective of the present work was to develop an open-source computational tool with a graphical, numerical, and schematic interface to facilitate the teaching and learning of operations related to primary cementing. The tool considers four sections: (a) wellbore diagram, (b) identification of the relation between volumetry and the geometric design of the well, (c) integration of the mechanical state with the number of intervals, slurry design, and operating characteristics of the pumps, and (d) the wellbore diagram integrated by drilling, displacement and slurry fluids, according to each of the cementing stages. Among the results, it was combined programming with specialized technical and scientific material, considering academic and field experience characteristics. The program is a versatile tool that integrates the general mechanical state and each of the five stages with a maximum depth of 5,000 m.
An annotated checklist of the lichen biodiversity at two Mars analog sites: The Mars Desert Research Station (Utah, USA) and The Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station (Nunavut, Canada) recorded during the Mars 160 Mission
Authors: Sokoloff Paul C. , Srivastava Anushree , McMullin R. Troy , Clarke Jonathan , Knightly Paul , Stepanova Anastasia , Mangeot Alexandre , Laroche Claude-Michel , Beattie Annalea , Rupert Shannon
Published: October 2024

During the Mars 160 Mission in 2016 and 2017, crews at the Mars Desert Research Station (MDRS) in Utah, USA and the Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station (FMARS) on Tallurutit (Devon Island), Nunavut, Canada, conducted a collections‑based survey of lichen biodiversity at each of these Martian planetary analogs. Here we present the results of these studies as two annotated checklists, including 35 lichen spe‑ cies from MDRS and 13 species from FMARS, alongside details on the distribution of these species, relevant taxonomic notes, and photos of each species as an identification aid. This work adds to our knowledge of the biodiversity of these unique sites and provides an important baseline for future analog research at these stations.
Multifunctionality of two-dimensional sheets actuated by chemical pumps and motors
Authors: Shklyaev Oleg E. , Manna Raj Kumar , Balazs Anna C.
Published: October 2024

Based on computational modeling, the interaction between catalyst-coated surfaces and flexible micro-to-mesoscale two-dimensional (2D) sheets in solution promotes the self-organization of individual sheets into complex three-dimensional (3D) dynamic forms, including intertwined, self-spinning structures, coupled oscillators and motile, shape-shifting layers. These findings can hasten the development of active, reconfigurable interfaces needed for human–machine interactions. Furthermore, one sheet that autonomously reconfigures into multiple 3D shapes is beneficial for manufacturing, reducing the need to fabricate a new structure for each separate application. More generally, because the flexible 2D sheets display greater degrees of freedom than the previously studied hard zero-dimensional and one-dimensional particles, these elastic layers can reveal new, dynamic behavior in chemically active systems.

Graphical abstract
Exam Cheating Then and Now: A Comparison of Academic Dishonesty in the World’s Oldest Testing System and Present-day Academia
Authors: Sendur Agnieszka M.
Published: October 2024

In recent years, cheating in exams has been reported to be a serious issue in many countries. Some believe the problem to be more severe, due to the development of modern technologies. But academic dishonesty is not a new phenomenon. This article is going to look into the cheating methods used in the world’s first examination system in Imperial China and the means devised to prevent these malpractices. These are compared with examples of exam cheating observed in contemporary societies and the measures that institutions take to safeguard test and certificate validity. Cheating practices in Imperial exams are described on the basis of the available literature and the preserved artefacts. The state of the problem of cheating by contemporary students has been assembled, based on research articles. Despite all the changes that have occurred in educational systems over the years, cheating methods have not in essence changed significantly.
The Directory for Catechesis and Family Catechesis in Slovenia
Authors: Šegula Andrej
Published: October 2024

The article’s author presents family catechesis as one of the possible forms of catechising children. The foundations of family catechesis are found in the New Directory for Catechesis where it is clearly stated that catechesis starts in the family. In Slovenia, the family catechesis was born “from the bottom-up”, at the request of a group of parents. In the beginning, it was an alternative option, but today it is considered equal to other forms of catechesis. Children and young people, who participate in this catechesis together with their parents, may receive the sacraments of first Holy Communion, Confession, and Confirmation. After ten years of experience, the results are positive and open new catechetic ways and possibilities. This is a new approach, a new method, for which the Directory for Catechesis says: “Catechesis does not have a single method, but is open to evaluating different methods, engaging in pedagogy and didactics and allowing itself to be guided by the Gospel necessary for recognizing the truth of human nature” (Directory for Catechesis no. 195).
Changes in Religiosity as a Challenge to Family Catechesis: the Situation in Poland
Authors: Osewska Elżbieta
Published: October 2024

The concept ‘catechesis’ has always been vital to pastoral mission in Roman Catholic Church and has been used officially with a basic fidelity to its etymological roots (an echoing of faith between believers and with fidelity to its context in the early Christian Church (systematic formation and participation in experiences within a faith community). However today, when official Roman Catholic Church documents recall family catechesis, at the practical level, family catechesis is still ambiguous. This article opens a new window on a very topical issue in contemporary catechesis: strengthening the family as an important agent of catechesis. The author (taking into consideration the changes of religiosity of Catholics) proposes different models in which the family can be supported to assume its primary function as an educator for the faith using the example of Poland.
The Family in the Scientific Achievements of Professor Helena Radlińska. References to the Sources of Polish Social Pedagogy
Authors: Żukiewicz Arkadiusz
Published: October 2024

The aim of this article is to present the issues of the family in relation to the scientific achievements of Prof. Helena Radlińska. In the course of the research, the descriptive research method was used. This was accompanied by a cross-sectional analysis of the documents. The subject of the conducted research were family issues, considered from the point of view of social pedagogy. The subject of the research was the family and people creating the family life environment. The summary of the analysis are the directions of further research, the effects of which will facilitate the creation of theoretical foundations for models of assistance, care, support and family development.
The carnal dimension of love of Catholic spouses
Authors: Lichtenberg-Kokoszka Emilia , Banasik Joanna
Published: October 2024

According to the Encyclical Humanae vitae of Pope Paul VI, conjugal love should be human (sensual and spiritual), full, faithful and exclusive, and fruitful. Human sexuality has a purpose and meaning. In addition to the procreative meaning, it also contains a bonding element, openness to the needs of the other, love, care, interest. However, to be complete, it requires communication, also in terms of intimate needs. Their proper satisfaction,  with the appropriate level of maturity and religious activity, is the basis for marital fidelity. A proper understanding of the essence of sexuality allows the development of openness to life and the selection of appropriate methods of family planning, consistent with moral standards. For Christians, religious principles are the basis for understanding human nature, also in the sexual dimension, at the same time being the basis for formulating and understanding adequate norms derived from natural law. Respecting the principles of Catholic moral ethics puts marriage and family life in order. The aim of the considerations is to present human sexuality as an expression of conjugal love, which should be human, full, faithful, exclusive and fertile. In order to consider the normative significance of religion in the sex life of Catholic couples, a critical analysis of various sources was conducted. This included examining Church documents, books, and articles in scientific journals. The method applied in this paper involved a critical analysis of selected texts and a synthesis of their content. The basis for the considerations will be the Encyclical Humanae vitae of Pope Paul VI supplemented with modern knowledge in the field of biology, psychology, sexology and theology of marriage and family.
Radio Free Europe’s Polish Broadcasting Service vis-à-vis the Millennium and Church - State Relations (1965-1966)
Authors: Kristanova Evelina
Published: October 2024

This article presents an analysis of selected broadcasts by Radio Free Europe’s Polish Broadcasting Service on the 1966 celebration of the Millennium of the Christianisation of Poland, against the background of the relationship between the Church and state. The source material consists of programmes available online on the Radio Liberty website and articles published in the monthly magazine Na Antenie/On Air from 1965 to 1966. The author's intention is to show the role and meaning of radio broadcasts vis-à-vis the Millennium Poloniae celebrations, which were of a religious and political nature. The radio station, under the direction of Jan Nowak-Jeziorański, defended the authority of Primate Stefan Wyszyński against communist propaganda, while serving as the only source of information for audiences in the country with respect to the Novena initiated in 1956, which culminated in the Millennium. Aside from RFE’s political objectives, the broadcasts served to counter the propaganda and the campaign against the Church and to break the media monopoly in the People’s Republic of Poland. Having a formative and integrative character, they also contributed to the preservation of the listeners’ religious identity.
Approximating Choquet integral in generalized measure theory: Choquet-midpoint rule
Authors: Behroozifar Mahmoud
Published: October 2024

The Choquet integral is an extension of Lebesgue integral and mathematical expectation in generalized measure theory. It's not easy to approximate the Choquet integral in the continuous case on a real line. The Choquet integral should be primarily estimated for non-additive measures. There are few studies on approximating the Choquet integral in the continuous case on real lines. No research has been done on the midpoint rule for the Choquet integral. The main objective of this paper is to propose some applications of the midpoint rule for approximating continuous Choquet integrals. By using the Choquet-midpoint rule, we can numerically solve Choquet integrals, specifically singular and unbounded integrals. Our proposed methodology is illustrated through several numerical examples.
Türkçe Öğretmen Adaylarının Meslek Öncesi Kimliklerinin 21. Yüzyıl Becerileri Öz Yeterliğine Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Satılmış Sinem , Kurudayıoğlu Mehmet
Published: October 2024

Günümüzde öğretmenlerin kazanması ve öğrencilerine de kazandırması beklenen 21. yüzyıl becerileri, eğitim ortamlarında etkili bir öğretim sunabilmek adına önem arz etmektedir. Öğretim ortamının biçimlendiricisi ve rehberi olacak öğretmen adaylarının meslek öncesi kimliklerinin 21. yüzyıl becerilerini nasıl etkilediği ise bu noktada soru işaretidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da öğretmen adaylarının meslek öncesi kimliklerinin 21. yüzyıl becerileri öz yeterliklerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda “öğretmen adaylarının meslek öncesi kimliklerinin 21. yüzyıl becerileri öz yeterliklerinin yordayıcısı mıdır” ve “öğretmen adaylarının meslek öncesi kimliklerinin 21. yüzyıl becerileri öz yeterliğine etkisinde akademik başarı ortalamalarının düzenleyici rolü var mıdır” sorularına yanıt aranmıştır. İlişkisel tarama modelinin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada; Aygün, Atalay, Kılıç ve Yaşar (2016) tarafından geliştirilen “Öğretmen Adaylarına Yönelik 21. yüzyıl Becerileri Yeterlilik Ölçeği” ve Arpacı ve Bardakçı (2016) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan “Meslek Öncesi Öğretmen Kimliği Ölçeği” yardımıyla 165 öğretmen adayından veri toplanmıştır. Veri analizinde çeşitli değişkenlerle (sınıf, cinsiyet, akademik ortalama) IBM AMOS 20 programı kullanılarak yol analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışmada öğretmen adaylarının meslek öncesi kimlikleri 21. yüzyıl becerilerini olumlu etkilemekte ve akademik ortalaması yüksek adayların mesleki kimlikleri ile 21. yüzyıl becerileri öz yeterliği de yüksek olmakta veya akademik ortalaması düşük adayların meslek öncesi kimliği ile 21. yüzyıl becerileri öz yeterliği düşük olmaktadır.
State of Oral Health Dependent on Body Mass Index (BMI) in a Mexican Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: A Parra-Garcia , A Moreno-Barrera , D Gonzalez-Gil , M Lobato-Carreno , PO de Urbina-Comeron , S Lopez-Alonso , J Flores-Fraile
Published: October 2024

Background: Obesity in Mexico is an alarming problem that has been increasing in recent decades. Dietary factors make this pathology more incidents at younger ages and it is closely related to oral health. This study aims to know the association between the need and presence of prosthesis with the type of obesity in a Mexican population in the state of Yucatan. Objectives: This study explores the relationship between obesity and oral health in the adult population of the Yucatan state in Mexico. Methods: The research was carried out in July 2021 in Merida, Yucatán (Mexico). The sample was made up of 114 people, whose ages were between 15 and 81 years old. The data analysis focused on factors such as obesity type, gender distribution, and oral health status. Results: A notable absence of dental prostheses is perceived in over 80% of participants, suggesting a potential impact on mastication and dietary choices. A direct correlation between obesity type and the need for dental prostheses is identified, with a higher prevalence in individuals with higher body mass indices. This underscores the potential interplay between oral health, obesity, and dietary habits. Conclusions: This research contributes to a growing body of evidence emphasizing the importance of optimal oral health in facilitating efficient mastication and digestion. Further studies are needed on the need for preventive measures alongside treatment in promoting oral health awareness within the community
More Tax, Less Refi? The Mortgage Interest Deduction and Monetary Policy Pass-Through
Authors: Scharlemann Tess , van Straelen Eileen
Published: October 2024

We study how the mortgage interest deduction (MID) affects refinancing. Households who deduct mortgage interest from their taxes face a lower post-tax mortgage rate, reducing the interest savings from refinancing net of taxes. We estimate the effect of the MID on refinancing using the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) of 2017 as a natural experiment. The TCJA doubled the standard deduction, reducing MID uptake and value. We show that, following the TCJA, the refinancing rate amongst households who lose the MID increased by 25%. Our results suggest that reducing the MID may improve the pass-through of monetary policy when rates fall.
Iszlám Állam Terrorizmus 2.0
Authors: Kis-Benedek József
Published: October 2024

A Honvéd Vezérkar Tudományos Kutatóhelye nem ismeretlen a biztonságpolitika, a válságkörzetben lévő országok, valamint a hadművészet iránt érdeklődők számára. A kutatóhelyet 2014-ben hozta létre a Honvéd Vezérkar főnöke. A szervezet – fiatalkora ellenére – hat kötetet jegyzett, valamint 52 cikket, tanulmányt és 28 hazai és külföldi konferencia előadást szervezett.
Az Iraki és Levantei Iszlám Állam (ISIL) és az ellene folytatott küzdelem tendenciái
Authors: Kis-Benedek József
Published: October 2024

Az iraki és szíriai válság még éveken keresztül uralni fogja a nemzetközi és európai politikát. A nagyhatalmak és koalíciós partnereik céljai eltérőek, a nemzetközi intézmények válságkezelő tevékenysége nem hatékony, mialatt vallási motivációjú szélsőséges mozgalmak terjednek el a világon. A tanulmány az ISIL felemelkedésének okait és körülményeit, a meghatározó országok álláspontját elemzi és kitér a szervezet ellen folytatott küzdelemre.
25 éves az MHTT
Authors: M. Szabó Miklós
Published: October 2024

„Mint felkért hozzászóló, abban a kivételes helyzetben vagyok, hogy pár napja meg- kaptam a Hadtudomány ünnepi számát, amelynek „Születésnapi köszöntő”-jében Nagy László elnök úr tapintatosan kioktatott: „Egy születésnapi köszöntő legyen rövid, frappáns...” Hát, akkor: Szívből gratulálok a sikeres 25 évhez, újabb eredményes negyedszázadot kívánva, köszönöm a megtisztelő meghívást…”
A készülő hadtudományi lexikon és a hadtudomány jelenlegi magyarországi helyzete
Authors: Nagy László
Published: October 2024

A Magyar Hadtudományi Társaság kezdettől fogva tervezte egy hadtudományi kifejezéseket tartalmazó lexikon kiadását. Ez a terv 1995-ben megvalósult. Jelenleg napirenden van egy új hadtudományi lexikon publikálása, amely pályázati formában, Európai Uniós pénzből valósul meg. A cikk foglalkozik a kiadvány előkészítési munkálatainak részleteivel, és a lexikon kapcsán áttekinti a hadtudomány jelenlegi magyarországi helyzetét.
Effects of Lavender Oil Aromatherapy on Pain, Anxiety, and Comfort after Cesarean Section: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Karaçay Yıkar Seda , Deniz Doğan Sevgi , Köse Tosunöz İpek , Nazik Evşen , Arslan Sevban
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to determine the effects of lavender oil aromatherapy on pain, anxiety, and comfort after cesarean section.

Methods: This study was conducted as a three-group randomized and controlled trial conducted in a city hospital in Adana, Türkiye between August and December 2020.The study included 93 women who had cesarean section, with 30 women in the experimental group, 31 women in the placebo group, and 32 women in the control group. The study was conducted in four phases including before the cesarean and 1st, 4th, and 8th hours post-cesarean section. Data were collected through the “Personal Information Form”, the “Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)”, the “Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI)”, the “State Anxiety Inventory (SAI)”, and the “Postpartum Comfort Scale (PCS)”.

Results: The women in the experimental, control and placebo groups were found to demonstrate statistically significant differences in terms of their VAS mean scores according to the processes (P<.001). The women in the experimental and control group demonstrated statistically significant differences in terms of their SAI mean scores (P<.05). Statistically significant differences were found between the experimental group women's physical comfort, socio-cultural comfort, and PCS total mean scores according to the processes (P<.05).

Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that lavender oil aromatherapy can be used to decrease pain and anxiety and increase comfort after a cesarean section.
Sinai SCENT TMC - Human Colonoscopy Tissue Collection v1
Authors: Sabic Ksenija , Chasteau Colleen , Cho Judy
Published: October 2024

For this study we will utilize the world-renowned Inflammatory Bowel Disease program at MSSM, started by Dr. Burrill B. Crohn in the Division of Gastroenterology. Eminent physicians, surgeons, radiologists, hepatologists, and pathologists have provided a rich body of knowledge in the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease, peptic ulcer disease, esophageal disorders, gastrointestinal cancer, and liver, biliary, pancreatic diseases, and Crohn’s Disease. Mount Sinai has been on the forefront of research, identification, and treatment of gastrointestinal illness since the division's early days. An outpatient clinic was founded and devoted solely to GI diseases in 1913. Today, Mount Sinai gastroenterologists care for more patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) than any medical center in the country. Gastroenterologists from throughout the New York tristate area send their most challenging cases to our IBD physicians. This study will be one of many, on-going collaborations with faculty and staff from several groups involved with IBD research and clinical care throughout the Mount Sinai Medical Centers. In addition, the Mount Sinai Health System now has affiliated sites that are directly involved in the care of IBD patients seen at Mount Sinai Health System affiliated clinics and offices. These include the endoscopy centers at Beth Israel, Mount Sinai West, Mount Sinai St. Luke’s, and Carnegie Hill Endoscopy. Participants will be patients recruited from one of the largest gastroenterological outpatient clinic in the city.
A cost analysis of single-server discouraged arrivals with differentiated vacation queueing model
Authors: Keerthana Srinivasan , Ebenesar Anna Bagyam Jaisingh , Remya Ramachandran
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates an M/M/1 queueing system with differentiated vacations and discouraged arrivals, focusing on two types of vacations. The server switches to type I vacation with rate γ1 when the system is empty during an active state. If no customers are waiting when it returns from a type I vacation, it then switches to a type II vacation with a rate of γ2. Both vacation times and service duration follow exponential distributions. The study utilises the Probability Generating Function (PGF) technique to derive steady-state solutions for both vacation policies. Furthermore, the research explores relevant performance metrics and provides numerical examples to illustrate the system's behaviour under various conditions. The cost analysis of the M/M/1 differentiated vacation system with discouraged arrival queueing and various aspects of the system's behaviour under different arrival rates (λ, λ1, λ2) are discussed.
ANFIS computing and cost optimization of an M/M/c/M queue with feedback and balking customers under a hybrid hiatus policy
Authors: Dehimi Aimen , Boualem Mohamed , Kahla Sami , Berdjoudj Louiza
Published: October 2024

The present investigation studies a hybrid hiatus policy for a finite-space Markovian queue, incorporating realistic features such as Bernoulli feedback, multiple servers, and balking customers. A hybrid hiatus policy combines both a working hiatus and a complete hiatus. As soon as the system becomes empty, the servers switch to a working hiatus. During a working hiatus, the servers operate at a reduced service rate. Upon completion of the working hiatus and in the absence of waiting customers, the servers enter a complete hiatus. Once the complete hiatus period concludes, the servers resume normal operations and begin serving waiting customers. In the context of Bernoulli feedback, the dissatisfied customer can re-enter the system to receive another service. By utilizing the Markov recursive approach, we examined the steady-state probabilities of the system and queue sizes and other queueing indices, viz. Average queue length, average waiting time, throughput, etc. Using the Quasi-Newton method, a cost function is developed to determine the optimal values of the system’s decision variables. Furthermore, a soft computing approach based on an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is employed to validate the accuracy of the obtained results.
Caretaker Conventions in Crisis Times: Dutch Government‐Opposition Dynamics After the Fall of the Government
Authors: Beyens Stefanie , Brummel Lars
Published: October 2024

How does the caretaker status of a government affect party political dynamics in parliament during a crisis? Generally, caretaker governments are not mandated to introduce important policy changes. Yet major crises can demand decisive political action. This article aims to understand the consequences of the caretaker status of the Rutte III government in the Netherlands (after its resignation in January 2021) for government-opposition dynamics during the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic. We first analyse party voting behaviour in parliament and then draw on a qualitative text analysis of nine critical parliamentary debates. Surprisingly, we find that differences between mandated and caretaker status have little effect on parliamentary dynamics. Opposition parties with coalition potential are supportive of the government and take on a cooperative tone; opposition parties without coalition potential are not supportive and take on a combative tone and oppose in harsher terms, yet even they barely mention caretaker status. As such, this case provides unique insights into the functioning of caretaker conventions during crises which offer opportunities for new theorising in the undertheorised field of caretaker cabinets and parliaments.