bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
اضطراب الذاتوية: بين الصعوبات التشخيصية والآفاق العلاجية
Authors: مجلة العلوم النفسية والتربوية مجلة العلوم النفسية والتربوية مجلة العلوم النفسية والتربوية , حبى عبد المالك , ابراهيم عيسى تواتي
Published: July 2018

يعد اضطراب الذاتوية من أكثر الاضطرابات النمائية تأثيرا على جوانب النمو المختلفة، سواء منها الجسمية أو العقلية أو الانفعالية أو الاجتماعية للطفل. فهو من الإعاقات التطورية التي ما زال يحيطها الكثير من الغموض في كافة جوانبها، وخاصة الاتفاق على تحديد العوامل المسببة لها. ونتيجة لتباين الأنساق الفكرية والأطر النظرية التفسيرية لهذا الاضطراب تبرز صعوبة التشخيص الدقيق لحالة الذاتوية لتشابه أعراضها، وتداخلها مع أعراض اضطرابات أخرى عديدة منها التخلف العقلي، الذهان، الإعاقة السمعية، وغيرها. ولذلك يتعين الوصول إلى معلومات دقيقة، حتى يتم تشخيص الأعراض بدقة، مما يساعد على تقديم الخدمات العلاجية والتأهيلية المتكاملة اللازمة للارتقاء بالطفل وتنميته في جميع النواحي في الوقت نفسه.
تصنيف الجامعات: ما له وما عليه
Authors: Moustafa Khaled
Published: July 2018

ظهر في الآونة الأخيرة نوع جديد من التجارة العلمية، سلعته تصنيف الجامعات والمؤسسات التعليمية على أسس متعددة، منها عدد المنشورات وبراءات الاختراع والجوائز وعدد الطلاب والدارسين، إلخ. ولكن، بغض النظر عن الصخب الإعلامي الذي يرافق تلك التصنيفات إبان صدورها، وعن الرضا في الظهور فيها أو السخط من عدمه، هل التصانيف الجامعية جديرة بالاهتمام حقاً؟ وهل تعتمد على المبادئ والأسس العلمية للجامعات التي تدعي ترتيبها وتصنيفها؟ ما هي مزايا وعيوب التصنيفات؟ وما هي المعوقات والصعوبات التي تعاني منها الجامعات العربية حالياً؟ وما هي الإجراءات والأساليب التي يمكن أن تتبعها للنهوض بمستواها وتحسين أدائها؟ هذا ما سيتم التطرق إليه هنا باقتضاب مع الإشارة إلى بعض العيوب الرئيسية لتلك التصنيفات وافتقادها للمصداقية والموضوعية العلمية، لأن أهدافها تجارية ومادية بحتة، وضررها أكبر من نفعها بكثير
التفكير الابتكاري لدى تلامذة المرحلة التحضيرية دراسة ميدانية مقارنة بين التلاميذ الملتحقين وغير الملتحقين بالتعليم التحضيري بمدينة غليزان
Authors: مجلة العلوم النفسية والتربوية مجلة العلوم النفسية والتربوية مجلة العلوم النفسية والتربوية , علاق كريمة
Published: July 2018

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن الفرق بين مجموعتي الملتحقين وغير الملتحقين بالتعليم التحضيري في التفكير الإبتكاري الذي تحكمه مجموعة من العوامل كالجنس والسن والمستوى التعليمي للأسرة، لدى عينة من 185 طفلا: 125 تلميذا من التعليم التحضيري من الجنسين (64 ذكرا، 61 أنثى)، 60 طفلا يمثلون مجموعة غير الملتحقين بالتعليم التحضيري من الجنسين (32 ذكر، 28 أنثى) باستخدام أداتين للقياس: اختبار Torrance للتفكير الإبتكاري المكيف من قبل الباحثتين، اختبار (جودنوف ) رسم الرجل للذكاء؛ وتمت المعالجة الإحصائية لفرضيات الدراسة باستخدام اختبار (ت) لدلالة الفروق، وتحليل التباين الأحادي باستخدام spss Anova.
Aggregating Distributional Treatment Effects: A Bayesian Hierarchical Analysis of the Microcredit Literature
Authors: Meager Rachael
Published: July 2018

This paper develops methods to aggregate evidence on distributional treatment effects from multiple studies conducted in different settings, and applies them to the microcredit literature. Several randomized trials of expanding access to microcredit found substantial effects on the tails of household outcome distributions, but the extent to which these findings generalize to future settings was not known. Aggregating the evidence on sets of quantile effects poses additional challenges relative to average effects because distributional effects must imply monotonic quantiles and pass information across quantiles. Using a Bayesian hierarchical framework, I develop new models to aggregate distributional effects and assess their generalizability. For continuous outcome variables, the methodological challenges are addressed by applying transforms to the unknown parameters. For partially discrete variables such as business profits, I use contextual economic knowledge to build tailored parametric aggregation models. I find generalizable evidence that microcredit has negligible impact on the distribution of various household outcomes below the 75th percentile, but above this point there is no generalizable prediction.
bridgesampling: An R Package for Estimating Normalizing Constants
Authors: Gronau Quentin Frederik , Singmann Henrik , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan
Published: July 2018

Statistical procedures such as Bayes factor model selection and Bayesian model averaging require the computation of normalizing constants (e.g., marginal likelihoods). These normalizing constants are notoriously difficult to obtain, as they usually involve high-dimensional integrals that cannot be solved analytically. Here we introduce an R package that uses bridge sampling (Meng and Wong 1996; Meng and Schilling 2002) to estimate normalizing constants in a generic and easy-to-use fashion. For models implemented in Stan, the estimation procedure is automatic. We illustrate the functionality of the package with three examples.
Publication Bias and Editorial Statement on Negative Findings
Authors: Brodeur Abel , Blanco-Perez Cristina
Published: July 2018

In February 2015, the editors of eight health economics journals sent out an editorial statement which aims to reduce the incentives to engage in specification searching and reminds referees to accept studies that: "have potential scientific and publication merit regardless of whether such studies' empirical findings do or do not reject null hypotheses that may be specified." In this study, we collect z-statistics from two health economics journals and compare the distribution of tests before and after the editorial statement. Our results suggest that the editorial statement decreased the proportion of test statistics rejecting the null hypothesis and that incentives may be aligned to promote more transparent research.
An estimate of equilibrium climate sensitivity from interannual variability
Authors: Dessler Andrew , Forster Piers
Published: July 2018

Estimating the equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS; the equilibrium warming in response to a doubling of CO2) from observations is one of the big problems in climate science. Using observations of interannual climate variations covering the period 2000 to 2017 and a model-derived relationship between interannual variations and forced climate change, we estimate ECS is likely 2.4-4.6 K (17-83% confidence interval), with a mode and median value of 2.9 and 3.3 K, respectively. This analysis provides no support for low values of ECS (below 2 K) suggested by other analyses. The main uncertainty in our estimate is not observational uncertainty, but rather uncertainty in converting observations of short-term, mainly unforced climate variability to an estimate of the response of the climate system to long-term forced warming.
Effects of spatial resolution on slope and aspect derivation for regional-scale analysis
Authors: Grohmann Carlos
Published: July 2018

This paper investigates differences between morphometric parameters (slope and aspect) derived from a resampled DEM and resampled morphometric data derived from a medium resolution DEM, with examples for three study areas in South America selected to represent flatlands, hilly terrain, and mountain ranges. Using a low resolution DEM for regional scale morphometric analysis is not an optimal choice, since attenuation of elevation will strongly affect the distribution of calculated parameters. Unless bounded by computational constraints, one should choose to derive basic morphometric parameters from higher resolution data, and resample it to a coarser resolution as needed.
Cenozoic tectonics of the Tuz Gölü Basin (Central Anatolian Plateau, Turkey)
Authors: Fernández-Blanco David , Bertotti Giovanni , Çiner Attila
Published: July 2018

We present a new 3D geologic model for the architecture and Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Tuz Gölü Basin, a major sedimentary basin in the Central Anatolian orogenic plateau. This model is grounded on 7 depth-converted seismic reflection profiles in combination with the analysis of backstripped subsidence curves, isochore maps, and a palinspastically restored cross-section. Two stages of basin formation are detected during Cenozoic times. During the Palaeogene, around 2 km of basement subsidence led to the development of a sag basin broader than the present basin in the absence of bounding faults. After a period of uplift and erosion, sedimentation restarted by Tortonian times. Up to 3.5 km of post-Palaeogene sediments were deposited in relation to this second regional subsidence phase, which continued possibly well into the Pliocene. During this time, the 2 main fault systems found in the area, the Tuz Gölü and the Sultanhanı faults, developed as south-west dipping, NW–SE striking, normal faults. At some time in the Late Miocene-Early Pliocene, during regional subsidence, a previously unreported phase of contraction occurred, which led to the development of a north-east–vergent thrust sheet, the culmination of which forms the morphologic ridge to the east of the Tuz Gölü Lake. This structure presently divides the previously continuous Tuz Gölü Basin. Finally, minor extensional reactivation occurred. At the regional scale, the pre-Late Miocene subsidence is coeval with the initiation of volcanism in the Central Anatolian Volcanic Province and marine carbonate deposition in southern Turkey, and the latest Miocene shortening is (partly) contemporaneous with the onset of uplift in the same region.
How do normal faults grow?
Authors: Rotevatn Atle , Jackson Christopher , Tvedt Anette , Bell Rebecca , Blækkan Ingvild
Published: July 2018

Normal faults grow via synchronous increase in displacement and length (‘propagating fault model’, also known as the ‘isolated fault model’), or by rapid length establishment and subsequent displacement accrual (constant-length fault model). We here use time-series displacement (D) and length (L) data from natural and experimental faults to elucidate growth styles and D-L trajectories throughout fault life, and to assess the applicability of the two fault models. We show that the growth of most faults is characterized by two stages, with the first defined by fault lengthening (20-30% of fault lifespan) and the second by displacement accrual (70-80% of fault lifespan). Although broadly adhering to the constant-length model, fault growth throughout the lengthening stage, during which significant displacement (10-60% of the total end-of-life fault displacement) may also accumulate, is achieved through rapid tip propagation, relay breaching, and segment linkage, characteristics perhaps most intuitively thought to reflect growth in accordance with the propagating model. The subsequent growth stage is dominated by displacement accrual with limited lateral tip propagation, a phenomenon best described by the constant-length model. We also show that, despite being used primarily in support of the propagating model, global displacement-length (D-L) datasets are equally compatible with the constant-length model.
Plio-Quaternary extensional tectonics of the Central Anatolian Plateau: a case study from the Tuz Gölü Basin, Turkey
Authors: Özsayin Erman , Çiner Attila , Rojay F. , Dirik R. , Melnick Daniel , Fernández-Blanco David , Bertotti Giovanni , Schildgen Taylor , Garcin Yannick , Strecker Manfred
Published: July 2018

The Tuz Gölü Basin is the largest sedimentary depression located at the center of the Central Anatolian Plateau, an extensive, low-relief region with elevations of ca. 1 km located between the Pontide and Tauride mountains. Presently, the basin morphology and sedimentation processes are mainly controlled by the extensional Tuz Gölü Fault Zone in the east and the transtensional İnönü–Eskişehir Fault System in the west. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the Plio-Quaternary deformation history and to refine the timing of the latest extensional phase of the Tuz Gölü Basin. Field observations, kinematic analyses, interpretations of seismic reflection lines, and 40Ar/39Ar dating of a key ignimbrite layer suggest that a regional phase of NNW–SSE to NE–SW contraction ended by 6.81 ± 0.24 Ma and was followed by N–S to NE–SW extension during the Pliocene–Quaternary periods. Based on sedimentological and chronostratigraphic markers, the average vertical displacement rates over the past 5 or 3 Ma with respect to the central part of Tuz Gölü Lake are 0.03 to 0.05 mm/year for the fault system at the western flank of the basin and 0.08 to 0.13 mm/year at the eastern flank. Paleo-shorelines of the Tuz Gölü Lake, vestiges of higher lake levels related to Quaternary climate change, are important strain markers and were formed during Last Glacial Maximum conditions as indicated by a radiocarbon age of 21.8 ± 0.4 ka BP obtained from a stromatolitic crust. Geomorphic observations and deformed lacustrine shorelines suggest that the main strand of the Tuz Gölü Fault Zone straddling the foothills of the Şereflikoçhisar–Aksaray range has not been active during the Holocene. Instead, deformation appears to have migrated towards the interior of the basin along an offshore fault that runs immediately west of Şereflikoçhisar Peninsula. This basinward migration of deformation is probably associated with various processes acting at the lithospheric scale, such as plateau uplift and/or microplate extrusion.
Grabbin' Pills Report
Authors: Bunne Cameron , Johnson Jake , Juhlke Kyle , Meilahn Richard , Speikers Zach
Published: July 2018

This report is on a pill dispensing device made for our Impacts of Engineering course (Etech 100) at University of Wisconsin- Stout in Spring of 2017.
Quantification of Alveolar Recruitment for the Optimization of Mechanical Ventilation Using Quasi-Static Pressure Volume Curve
Authors: Nabian Mohsen , Narusawa Uichiro
Published: July 2018

Quasi-static, pulmonary pressure-volume (P-V) curves over an inflation-deflation cycle are analyzed using a respiratory system model (RSM), which had been developed for quantitative characterization of the mechanical behavior of the total respiratory system. Optimum mechanical ventilation setting of Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) for total alveolar recruitment is quantified based on the existing P-V curves of healthy and injured animal models. Our analytical predictions may contribute to the optimization of mechanical ventilation settings for the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) patients.
Field-testing liquefaction models based on geospatial vs. geotechnical data
Authors: Maurer Brett
Published: July 2018

This study assesses the relative efficacy of liquefaction models based on geospatial vs. geotechnical data. In particular, state-of-practice geotechnical models based on the Cone Penetration Test (CPT) are compared to geospatial models that use readily available no-cost data. This assessment is performed using a database of 9,623 liquefaction case studies compiled from the 2010-2016 Canterbury, New Zealand, Earthquakes. While the top-performing model is CPT-based, the geospatial models perform surprisingly well given their simplicity. In particular, a region-specific geospatial model out-performs some CPT-based methods. While further research is needed, the presented findings are provocative considering the relative cost and complexity of the geotechnical models. Accordingly, performance assessments of geospatial vs. geotechnical models are ongoing for more than 20 additional earthquakes.
Open science and the future university researcher
Authors: Niemeyer Kyle Evan
Published: July 2018

This white paper was written as a contribution to the “Imagining Tomorrow’s University: Rethinking scholarship, education, and institu- tions for an open, networked era” workshop, a joint NIH/NSF-funded event held 8–9 March 2017 in Rosemont, IL. In this paper, I present an overview of what I consider open science, its importance, and how it plays a role in my research agenda. I also discuss challenges faced in pursuing research openness, and recommend changes to university leaders to address these barriers.
Conditional damped random surface velocity model of turbulent jet breakup
Authors: Trettel Ben
Published: July 2018

A turbulent jet breakup model is derived using concepts from probability theory. Velocity fluctuations at the free surface are hypothesized to be the cause of turbulent jet breakup. We formalize this idea by treating the fluctuations as random variables, subject to damping from the free surface. In contrast to previous theories, we use a conditional ensemble average to determine quantities of interest because not all fluctuations produce droplets. An energy balance and a closure model are used to determine the Sauter mean diameter. Similar approaches are used to determine the breakup onset location, breakup length, and spray angle. A criteria for the transition to the turbulent atomization regime is derived under the hypothesis that the cause is a change in the minimum velocity from the Hinze scale to the Kolmogorov scale. To validate the model, we compiled data from previous experimental studies using long pipe nozzles. The little data for rough pipes was used to include turbulence intensity in our study.
Pressure Password Door Lock
Authors: B Layne
Published: July 2018

Our project was to create an assistive technology device that would help someone with a disability. Our group chose to create a device that could attach to a door's dead bolt and be unlocked with a series of different amounts of pressure,
The Internet of Hackable Things
Authors: Dragoni Nicola , Giaretta Alberto , Mazzara Manuel
Published: July 2018

The Internet of Things makes possible to connect each everyday object to the Internet, making computing pervasive like never before. From a security and privacy perspective, this tsunami of connectivity represents a disaster, which makes each object remotely hackable. We claim that, in order to tackle this issue, we need to address a newchallenge in security: education.
Evaluating Wire Configurations for Tension Band Constructs using a Canine Greater Trochanteric Osteotomy Model
Authors: Thompson Elizabeth , Robe Amir K. , Roe Simon C. , Cole Jacqueline H.
Published: July 2018

Objective: To investigate the stability of four tension band wiring configurations alone without the contributions of K-wire stabilization. Study design: ex vivo experimentalSample population: Sixty-four tension band wiring constructsMethods: Four tension band configurations were applied to a metal trochanteric osteotomy model based on a canine femur: figure-of-eight with one twist (OT), figure-of-eight with two twists (TT), dual interlocking single loop (DISL), and double loop (DL). Configurations were mechanically tested under both monotonic loading (n = 8 per configuration) and incremental cyclic loading (n = 8 per configuration). Initial tension after tying, residual tension remaining after each cycle, and failure load at 2 mm of displacement (considered equivalent to clinical failure) were recorded. Results: The initial tension and the load to 2 mm of displacement was lower for OT wires compared to TT wires. The DL was the strongest and most stable configuration, generating greater initial tension, maintaining a greater percentage of residual tension under incremental cyclic loads, and resisting higher load before failure at 2 mm. Failure load was highly correlated with initial tension. Conclusion: This model enabled evaluation of tension band wire configuration independent of the fixation pin portion of the construct. Wire configurations that can be tightened to a greater tension during tying, like the DL, are better able to resist the tensile loads experienced by the construct. Clinical impact: In clinical situations where high tensile loads are expected, a tighter, more secure tension band wire configuration may be warranted.
A new method to simulate acidic gas sweetening on a laboratory scale
Authors: Murison Julie
Published: July 2018

In this article, a new testing equipment and protocol in order to evaluate acid gas scavengers for direct chemical injection into gas pipelines is described. The testing protocol address several shortcomings in previous accepted tests which did not take into account the formation of a spray of the product, or tested the product in its final formulation.
F1_Tenth_Course_Report_Group_C
Authors: Chen Yi , Manglani Sagar , Merco Roberto , Bolduc Drew
Published: July 2018

In this paper, we discuss several of major robot/vehicle platforms available and demonstrate the implementation of autonomous techniques on one such platform, the F1/10. Robot Operating System was chosen for its existing collection of software tools, libraries, and simulation environment. We build on the available information for the F1/10 vehicle and illustrate key tools that will help achieve properly functioning hardware. We provide methods to build algorithms and give examples of deploying these algorithms to complete autonomous driving tasks and build 2D maps using SLAM. Finally, we discuss the results of our findings and how they can be improved.
Microstructure Characteristics of Self Compacting Concrete using Sea Water
Authors: erniati  , tjaronge muhammad wihardi , Djamaluddin Rudy , Sampebulu Victor
Published: July 2018

In the cycle of life, the needs of freshwater more and more. Infrastructure development is increasing. On the concrete industry, several billion tones of water used in earth as mixing water, treatment water (curing) and cleaner water every year, where using of sea water is obstructed. For that, the using of sea water which consists of 97% of the total water on earth is absolutelynecessary. Self-compacting concrete (SCC) has dense microstructure. Knowledge about the microstructure and properties of each component a concrete and their relationship is useful to control the behavior. This research aims to know the relationship between compressive strength and microstructure characteristics of Self Compacting Concrete which using seawater up to the age of 90 days. The results of this study were the compressive strength of SCC using sea water is higher than the SCC using fresh water. Seawater does not reduce the strength of SCC concrete until the age of 90 days, but instead of Seawater is accelerating the development of SCC concrete strength at an early age. The compressive strength of concrete SCC is influenced by the phase microstructure (especially with tobermorite and portlandite) formed in the concrete.
Exploring, Documenting, and Improving Humanitarian Service Learning through Engineers Without Borders USA
Authors: Lee Tina , Berg Devin R. , Buchanan Elizabeth
Published: July 2018

Exploring, Documenting, and Improving Humanitarian Service Learning through Engineers without Borders-USA is a four-year project exploring a variety of challenges and opportunities in university-based service learning programs. Specifically, this project looks holistically at the inception and evolution of a new Engineers Without Borders USA chapter, while analyzing characteristics, values, and demographics of individuals involved in EWB community-based humanitarian projects in multiple chapters. Further, it examines the social, cultural, and professional interactions and exchanges between and among EWB members and community stakeholders in EWB projects, examining several projects from a variety of chapters across the country.
A Two-Tiered Grammatical Approach for Agent-based Computational Design
Authors: McComb Christopher , Cagan Jonathan , Puentes Lucas
Published: July 2018

Early stages of the engineering design process are vital to shaping the final design; each subsequent step builds from the initial concept. Innovation-driven engineering problems require designers to focus heavily on early-stage design generation, with constant application and evaluation of design changes. Strategies to reduce the amount of time and effort designers spend in this phase could improve the efficiency of the design process as a whole. This paper seeks to create and demonstrate a two-tiered design grammar that encodes heuristic strategies to aid in the generation of early solution concepts. Specifically, this two-tiered grammar mimics the combination of heuristic-based strategic actions and parametric modifications employed by human designers. Rules in the higher-tier are abstract and potentially applicable to multiple design problems across a number of fields. These abstract rules are translated into a series of lower-tier rule applications in a spatial design grammar, which are inherently domain-specific. This grammar is implemented within the HSAT agent-based algorithm. Agents iteratively select actions from either the higher-tier or lower-tier. This algorithm is applied to the design of wave energy converters, devices which use the motion of ocean waves to generate electrical power. Comparisons are made between designs generated using only lower-tier rules and those generated using only higher-tier rules.
"Thus, I had to go with what I had": A Multiple Methods Exploration of Novice Designers' Articulation of Prototyping Decisions
Authors: McComb Christopher , Menold Jessica , Berdanier Catherine , Hocker Emma , Gardner Lisa
Published: July 2018

Effectively communicating designs to stakeholders or end users is a critical step in the design process yet can be a difficult challenge for engineers. Prototypes are unique tools that can enhance communication between these two groups, as prototypes are physical manifestations of the designer’s mental model. Previous work has demonstrated that novice designers often struggle to use prototypes as communication tools. We argue that it is critical that engineering students learn to fully leverage prototypes, and thus the current work sought to understand the relationship between argumentation, prototyping, and design decisions. In order to understand the communication patterns of novice designers during a prototyping task, a controlled study was conducted with a total of 46 undergraduate engineering students. The analysis of quantitative and qualitative data point to the intricate linkages between how students make material decisions and how they justify those decisions.
The Effect of Heavy Working Fluids on Hydrogen Combustion
Authors: Shahsavan Martia , Mack John Hunter
Published: July 2018

The thermodynamic efficiency of internal combustion engines is dependent on the compression ratio and specific heat ratio of the working fluid. Using a mixture of oxygen and noble gases instead of air can increase the thermal efficiency due to their higher specific heat ratio. It also has advantage of eliminating NOx caused by lack of nitrogen. In this study, the three dimensional turbulent injection of hydrogen into a constant volume combustion chamber has been modeled and compared to mixtures of oxygen with nitrogen, argon and xenon. All conditions including the mass flow rate of the injected fuel, injection velocity, and initial temperature and pressure of the chamber were kept constant. The results indicate that the hydrogen jet has more penetration length in nitrogen compared to argon and xenon. However, the smaller penetration lengths lead to more complex jet shapes and larger cone angles. In combination with the higher specific heat ratio, combustion in a noble gas environment results in higher temperatures and OH radical concentrations. Furthermore, mixedness is investigated using mean spatial variation and mean scalar dissipation. Hydrogen in argon shows a better mixing rate compared to nitrogen and xenon due to higher diffusivity.
Measuring and Predicting Sooting Tendencies of Oxygenates, Alkanes, Alkenes, Cycloalkanes, and Aromatics on a Unified Scale
Authors: Das Dhrubajyoti , St. John Peter , McEnally Charles S , Kim Seonah , Pfefferle Lisa D.
Published: July 2018

Soot from internal combustion engines negatively affects health and climate. Soot emissions might be reduced through the expanded usage of appropriate biomass-derived fuels. Databases of sooting indices, based on measuring some aspect of sooting behavior in a standardized combustion environment, are useful in providing information on the comparative sooting tendencies of different fuels or pure compounds. However, newer biofuels have varied chemical structures including both aromatic and oxygenated functional groups, making an accurate measurement or prediction of their sooting tendency difficult. In this work, we propose a unified sooting tendency database for pure compounds, including both regular and oxygenated hydrocarbons, which is based on combining two disparate databases of yield-based sooting tendency measurements in the literature. Unification of the different databases was made possible by leveraging the greater dynamic range of the color ratio pyrometry soot diagnostic. This unified database contains a substantial number of pure compounds (≥ 400 total) from multiple categories of hydrocarbons important in modern fuels and establishes the sooting tendencies of aromatic and oxygenated hydrocarbons on the same numeric scale for the first time. Using this unified sooting tendency database, we have developed a predictive model for sooting behavior applicable to a broad range of hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons. The model decomposes each compound into single-carbon fragments and assigns a sooting tendency contribution to each fragment based on regression against the unified database. The model’s predictive accuracy (as demonstrated by leave-one-out cross-validation) is comparable to a previously developed, more detailed predictive model. The fitted model provides insight into the effects of chemical structure on soot formation, and cases where its predictions fail reveal the presence of more complicated kinetic sooting mechanisms. This work will therefore enable the rational design of low-sooting fuel blends from a wide range of feedstocks and chemical functionalities.
Computational Modeling of Polymer Matrix Composites
Authors: Pham DC
Published: July 2018

Applications of polymer matrix composites are growing in aerospace and offshore industries due to the light-weight and good mechanical properties of composite materials. The design of composite materials can be made at macroscopic level in which the composite mechanical properties can be tailored to offer the most desired performance of composite structures. Understanding on mechanical behavior of the composite material may require detailed investigations at the microscopic level involving the behaviour of the composite constituents such as the fiber, the polymer matrix and the fiber/matrix interface under macroscopic loads. Composite failure criteria are often employed to evaluate the failure of composite material and its constituents. Computational damage models can be then developed to reflect the stiffness reduction of the material once damage at the macro- and micro- scales of the composite is indicated. The successful prediction of composite structures relies on consistent computational models which can capture the mechanical behaviour of composite materials at different length scales.
Feedback-Capacity of Degraded Gaussian Vector BC using Directed Information and Concave Envelopes
Authors: Ramachandran Viswanathan
Published: July 2018

It is known that the capacity region of a two user physically degraded discrete memoryless (DM) broadcastchannel (BC) is not enlarged by feedback. An identical result holds true for a physically degraded Gaussian BC,established later using a variant of the Entropy Power Inequality (EPI). In this paper, we extend the latter resultto a physically degraded Gaussian Vector BC (PD-GVBC). However, the extension is not EPI based, but employs arecent result on the factorization of concave envelopes. While the existing concave envelope factorization results donot hold in the presence of feedback, we show that factorizing the corresponding directed information quantitiessuffice to attain the feedback capacity region of a PD-GVBC. Our work demonstrates that factorizing concaveenvelopes of directed information can handle situations involving feedback. We further show that the capacityregion of a discrete memoryless reversely physically degraded BC is not enlarged by feedback.
A new clustering and visualization method to evaluate urban energy planning scenarios
Authors: Moghadam Sara Torabi , Coccolo Silvia , Mutani Guglielmina , Lombardi Patrizia , Scartezzini Jean Louis , Mauree Dasaraden
Published: July 2018

The spatial visualization is a very useful tool to help decision-makers in the urban planning process to create future energy transition strategies, implementing energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies in the context of sustainable cities. Statistical methods are often used to understand the driving parameters of energy consumption but rarely used to evaluate future urban renovation scenarios. Simulating whole cities using energy demand softwares can be very extensive in terms of computer resources and data collection. A new methodology, using city archetypes is proposed, here, to simulate the energy consumption of urban areas including urban energy planning scenarios. The objective of this paper is to present an innovative solution for the computation and visualization of energy saving at the city scale.The energy demand of cities, as well as the micro-climatic conditions, are calculated by using a simplified 3D model designed as function of the city urban geometrical and physical characteristics. Data are extracted from a GIS database that was used in a previous study. In this paper, we showed how the number of buildings to be simulated can be drastically reduced without affecting the accuracy of the results. This model is then used to evaluate the influence of two set of renovation solutions. The energy consumption are then integrated back in the GIS to identify the areas in the city where refurbishment works are needed more rapidly. The city of Settimo Torinese (Italy) is used as a demonstrator for the proposed methodology, which can be applied to all cities worldwide with limited amount of information.
Identifikasi Penyakit Diabetes Millitus Menggunakan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan Dengan Metode Perambatan-Balik (Backpropagation)
Authors: Sutedi Sutedi
Published: July 2018

Diabetes Melitus (DM) is dangerous disease that affect many of the variouslayer of work society. This disease is not easy to accurately recognized by thegeneral society. So we need to develop a system that can identify accurately. Systemis built using neural networks with backpropagation methods and the functionactivation sigmoid. Neural network architecture using 8 input layer, 2 output layerand 5 hidden layer. The results show that this methods succesfully clasifies datadiabetics and non diabetics with near 100% accuracy rate.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Layanan Terpadu Tanaman Hias Berbasis Web
Authors: Sutedi Sutedi
Published: July 2018

Floriculture has high commercial value and it is interested by many people. Floryculturebussiness grows fastly and it is very needed by people especially in big cities. Developingintegrated masterplan system of web based floriculture is one of alternatives using computertechnology to simplify operation of successfully decorated plant. To develop integratedmaster plan system of web based floriculture, it is firstly done necessity analysis process ofthat system by identifying of necessity through usecase, event, and things. Implementationof integrated master plan system of web based floriculture can increase service quality andsimplify transaction of selling floriculture.
Geostatistical modelling of pore pressure data: An application to Smart Markers (ENSM) in Open-Pit Mining
Authors: Sánchez L. Katherine , Capehart Eleonora Widzyk , Emery Xavier
Published: July 2018

scriptionEditFor the mining industry, it is essential to know the distribution of the pore pressures exerted by the groundwater in the walls of the pit, which depends on the hydrogeological characteristics of the rock and the excavations. An inadequate management of pore pressures in open-pit mining can obstruct access to operating areas, increase the use of explosives and increase their failure, generate acid drainage and geotechnical instability in the pit itself. However, in mining practice pore pressure measurements are scarce. In order to overcome this limitation, intelligent markers (Enhanced Networked Smart Markers-ENSM) have been developed, which have pore pressure and deformation sensors coupled to pit drillings in depths of up to 200m. This network of intelligent sensors (ENSM) could provide a wealth of data never before recorded in open-pit mining operations, which allows knowing more accurately the hydrogeological conditions and anticipate the dynamics of pit deformation. In the present contribution, we propose a strategy to model the spatial continuity of the regionalized data set that will capture the intelligent markers, through a variographic analysis, to then predict the pore pressure in space and represent the variability in all spatial scales. The methodological approach proposed allows understanding how the rocks and the water contained, respond to changes in the tensional state and the hydraulic pressure regime originated by mining operations. Moreover, the proposed approach identifies the spatial variability of pore pressures and the existence of heterogeneities and allow to achieve better coupled geotechnical models. However, in a system strongly controlled by geological structures where the flow of water in the hydrogeological units can be diverted and the measurement depends on the direction of sampling, its implementation is limited and requires extensive theoretical development, considering two dimensions for the cross space i.e., the azimuth and the inclination additionally to the three conventional coordinates (north, east and elevation).
Optimal Design of Laboratory and Pilot-plant Experiments using Multiobjective Optimization
Authors: Forte Ester , von Harbou Erik , Burger Jakob , Bortz Michael , Asprion Norbert
Published: July 2018

Performing an experimental design prior to the collection of data is in most circumstances important to ensure efficiency. The focus of this work is the combination of model‐based and statistical approaches to optimal design of experiments. The knowledge encoded in the model is used to identify the most interesting range for the experiments via a Pareto optimization of the most important conflicting objectives. Analysis of the trade‐offs found is in itself useful to design an experimental plan. This can be complemented using a factorial design in the most interesting part of the Pareto frontier.
Fairness and Manipulation: An Empirical Study of Arrow's Impossibility Theorem
Authors: McComb Christopher , Cagan Jonathan , Goucher-Lambert Kosa
Published: July 2018

The design process often requires work by teams, rather than individuals. During these times it is likely that situations will arise in which members of a team have different opinions, yet a group decision must still be made. Unfortunately, Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem indicates that there is no method for aggregating group preferences that will always satisfy a small number of “fair” conditions. This work seeks to identify methods of combining individual preferences that can come close to satisfying Arrow’s conditions. Experiential conjoint analysis was used to obtain empirical utility functions for drinking mug designs. A number of functions for constructing group preference were then analysed using both empirical conjoint preferences and randomly generated preferences. This analysis involved checking each of Arrow’s conditions, as well as computing the likelihood that a method will be susceptible to manipulation by a dishonest individual. Based on the results, methods that should be used to aggregate group preference in practice are recommended.
DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW CO2-BASED DEMAND-CONTROLLED VENTILATION STRATEGY USING ENERGYPLUS
Authors: Chenari Behrang , Lamas Francisco Bispo , Gaspar Adélio Rodrigues , da Silva Manuel Gameiro
Published: July 2018

A significant amount of energy is being used by ventilation and air conditioning systems to maintain the indoor environmental condition in a satisfactory and comfortable level. Many buildings, either new or existing (throughout their renovation process) are subjected to energy efficiency requirements but these must not be in the expenses of indoor environmental conditions. For instance, indoor air quality (IAQ) has to be considered while improving energy efficiency, otherwise occupants might be exposed to inappropriate indoor environment.Demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) is a method that provides comfortable IAQ level with lowest energy use. In this paper, the main objective is developing a new CO2-based DCV strategy and simulating it using EnergyPlus. The IAQ and energy consumption associated to this strategy have been compared with the results of CO2-based DCV strategies previously developed by the same authors in another article. The comparison shows that the new strategy performs better, both in energy use and IAQ. The recorded energy savings ranged between 6-14% comparing with the previously developed strategies while IAQ slightly improved.
Chain and Sprocket Hydro Generator Drive System
Authors: Deering Cole
Published: July 2018

This project aims to bring power to rural towns in Malawi through the use of a micro hydro generator. Currently only about 11% of rural Malawi have electrical power access according to the world bank, sustainable energy for all database. The rugged terrain makes it ideal for hydro power. Near Hastings Mkandawire village is a small river which is diverted through plastic pipes. These pipes are plumbed downhill, this allows Hastings to increase the pressure of the water. At the bottom of the hill the water is directed at a water wheel on a shaft hooked up to a small generator. Hastings Mkandawire is the man who started the company Magnetic Power Company who is responsible for building these small generators. Hastings started by converting motor casings and other scrap materials into Nano-hydro-generators. What Hastings would like to have in his future design is sand casted key parts so generators can be mass produced. Hastings and his business want to spread access of electricity in his community and other small towns. We are going to aid in this process by helping to design a drive system that maximizes the performance measured as electrical power output for a flow of water.
A Fully Quaternion based Nonlinear Attitude and Position Controller
Authors: Parwana Hardik , Patrikar Jay , Kothari Mangal
Published: July 2018

In this paper, a novel fully quaternion based second order stable error dynamics controller is developed to address the attitude tracking problem in general and the position tracking problem of fixed pitch and variable pitch quadrotors in particular. Since the singularity associated with Euler angle representation is avoided using a unit quaternion approach, our algorithm finds its advantage in controlling highly maneuverable systems like variable pitch quadrotor which are capable of generating negative thrust and transition to inverted flight. Our controller is also well suited for rigid systems like satellites which require tracking of large-angle amplitude trajectories. Numerical simulations show good tracking performance using the proposed control methods for satellites and quadrotors. Experimental results on commercially available fixed pitch quadrotor using open-source architecture validate the novel attitude controller.
Note on the generation of long gravity waves by breaking and shoaling of short-wave groups in gently-sloping beaches: the long-wave similarity parameter
Authors: Paniagua-Arroyave Juan Felipe
Published: July 2018

It is proposed a long-wave similarity parameter based on the surf-beat similarity and Ursell parameters. By including the Ursell number, the long-wave similarity allows distinguishing between breaking and shoaling generation of long-waves for conditions rendering similar values of surf-beat similarity. The proposed parameter is tested with three cases of wave conditions published in the literature, with promising results.
Probabilistic Prediction of Severity of Liquefaction Surface Manifestation Using Geotechnical and Geospatial Models
Authors: Maurer Brett
Published: July 2018

The severity of liquefaction manifested at the ground surface is a pragmatic proxy of damage potential for various infrastructure assets, making it particularly useful for hazard mapping, land-use planning, and preliminary site-assessment. Towards this end, the recent Canterbury, New Zealand, earthquakes, in conjunction with others, have resulted in liquefaction case-history data of unprecedented quantity and quality, presenting a unique opportunity to develop fragility-functions for liquefaction-induced ground failure. Accordingly, this study analyzes nearly 10,000 liquefaction case studies from 23 earthquakes to develop functions that express the probability of exceeding specific severities of liquefaction surface-manifestation as a function of five different liquefaction damage measures (LDMs), of which three are based on geotechnical data and two are based on freely available geospatial data. The proposed functions have the same functional form, such that end-users can easily select the model coefficients for the particular damage state and LDM of their choosing. It should be noted that these functions are not to be used to predict lateral spreading, which requires LDMs other than those assessed herein. Lastly, the proposed functions are preliminary and subject to further development. In this regard, several thrusts of ongoing investigation are mentioned.
Design Strategy Transfer in Cognitively-Inspired Agents
Authors: McComb Christopher , Cagan Jonathan , Raina Ayush
Published: July 2018

Planning and strategizing are essential parts of the design process and are based on the designer’s skill. Further, planningis an abstract skill that can be transferred between similar problems. However, planning and strategy transfer within design have not been effectively modeled within computational agents. This paper presents an approach to represent this strategizing behavior using a probabilistic model. This model is employed to select the operations that computational agents should perform while solving configuration design tasks. This work also demonstrates that this probabilistic model can be used to transfer strategies from human data to computational agents ina way that is general and useful. This study shows a successful • transfer of design strategy from human-to-computer agents, opening up the possibility of deriving high-performing behavior from designers and using it to guide computational design agents. Finally, a quintessential behavior of transfer learning is illustrated by agents while transferring design strategies across different problems, improving agent performance significantly. The work presented in this study leverages a computational framework built by embedding cognitive characteristics into agents, which has shown to mimic human problem-solving in configuration design problems.