bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of some plant extracts on the first and second larval instar of Culex pipines pipines L
Authors: Estabraq Mhmood Mahdi
Published: April 2023

The present study aimed to study some alternatives chemicalpesticides and observation their effect on the life of the first and secondlarva instar of Culex pipiens pipiens L. for this reason, this species ofmosquitoes was raised in the breeding cage, which was locally produced.The plant extracts of the seeds of the Nigella sativa, Azadirachta indica,Sesbania sesban and Lagenaria vulgaris, the larvae of the first andsecond instar of mosquitoes were treated with plant extracts byconcentrations of 100, 500, 1000, 5000, ppm. The study showed differentresults according to the concentration and duration of treatment. Thetreatment with plant extracts showed that the Nigella sativa seed extractis higher than the rest of the plant extracts. The mortality percentage was93.3% in the concentration of 5000 ppm after 24 hours of treatment.Themortality percentage for the same extract was 100% at the concentrationof 5000 ppm within 48 hours of treatment for the first larval instar, whilethe mortality percentage for the extract were 100% at 5000ppmconcentration during 24 and 48 hours of treatment for the second larval
Isolation and Identification of some Species of Bacterial Pathogens from Musca Domestic and Test their Susceptibility Againts Antibiotics
Authors: Safaa Zakara Baker  , Qanat Mahmood Atiyae  , Marwa Salam Khairallah
Published: April 2023

The current study was conducted during the period from the beginningof October 2016 to April 2017 to isolate and diagnose the bacteria on theouter surface of the domestic fly (Musca domestica) and to determine thesensitivity of bacterial isolates against antibiotics using differentagricultural mediums. Insects were collected from three sites in the Tikritcity which are: vegetable market, butchers market and sheep sheds. 50samples were collected from each site. Bacterial isolates obtained fromthe external surface of insects were subjected to morphological andbiochemical tests and API 20 E system was used for diagnosis.153 isolations were obtained belonging to 9 bacterial species .Escherichia coli reached 36 isolations that prevailed the rest of thebacterial species with an isolation rate of 23.5%, followed by Salmonellatyphi 32 isolates by 20.9% , and Proteus mirabilis 31 isolates by 20.3% .Staphylococcus aureus has 25 isolations by 16.3%. Klebsiella pneumoniahas 11 isolations by 7.2% , and Shigella spp has 7 isolates by 4.6%,followed by Citrobacter freundii which has 6 isolates by 3.9% , ThenHafina spp. Has 3 isolations by 1.9% , Serratia marcescens has only twoisolates by 1.3% .The results showed that the highest contamination rate was in thevegetable market which is 92%, then the sheep sheds is 88%, and finallyButchers market is 86%.The Gram-negative bacterial isolates were tested for sensitivity to 8 typesof antibiotics, E.coli showed the highest resistance to both Erythromycinand Ceftriaxon by 77.8% , while S.typhi showed resistance to Amikacinand Ceftriaxon by 53.1%, P.mirabilis was resistant to Tetracyclin by64.5%, Shigella spp. was resistant to Ceftriaxon by 57.14%,K.Pneumonia bacteria were resistant to Erythromycin by 72.7% ,C.freundii showed resistance to the antibiotic Trimethoprim +Sulfamethoxazol and 100%, Hafnia was 33.33% resistant toChloramphenicol, Finally, Ser.marcescens were 100% resistant toErythromycin.The sensitivity of Staph.aureus bacteria was tested against 5 types ofantibiotics with the highest resistance to Vancomycin by 80% .
Detection of Unculturable Fungi in Soil Regions of Aziz Awa in Sulaimani province
Authors: Wijdan Ahmed Ali  , Bahrouz M.M AL-Jaaf  , SajidS.Saleam AL-SaeedI
Published: April 2023

Unculturable and non-sporulting fungi represent a great challenge instudying biotrophic, endotrophic and mycorrhizal fungal groups. In thisstudy collection of soil sample from region Aziz Awa in sulaimaniprovince and using culture-dependent and culture in-dependenttechniques for cultivation of unculturable fungi for the purpose ofexpanding studies on fungal biodiversity in soil. Sabouraud DextroseAgar with supplement as pyridoxine by replicating master plate fromhigher dilution of soil three tinny colonies (less than 1mm in diameter)had grown on medium after incubation for 5-7 weeks at 280C but had notshown growth when replicated on traditional mycological media (PDA,Czapack Dox Agar and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar) were selected,purified, studied culturally and microscopically and identified bymolecular methods. Four specific primer sets (NSIF/ITS4r, NSIF/ LRIF,EF4F/ITS4r and EF60F/ITS4r) were used to amplify partial sequences offungal r RNA gene included ITS sequences. The partial sequences ofthree clones were aligned through the BLASTN phylogenetic analysis inNCBI were available at GenBank database and revealed higher scoresand identities with Fusarium sp, Penicillium sp and Uncultured soilfungus clone. These results led us to consider the clones as viable butnon culturable (VBNC) soil fungi like the common phenomenon in somebacterial species.
Adsorption study of some inorganic elements on the surface of activated charcoal prepared from ceratonia siliqua
Authors: Sarhan A Salman  , Faiz M Hameed  , Wesam F Ahmed
Published: April 2023

This study included the process of adsorption of some inorganicelements known as environmental risk (Cd, Cr, Cb, Pb) of its watersolutions on the surface of activated charcool to ceratonia siliqua . Thepercentage of adsorption and isothermal adsorption curves werecalculated according to equation, as well as the effect of temperature , pHand particle size of adsorbent on the adsorption of these elements. Thestudy included the comparative study of the adsorption with naturalceratonia siliqua powder. The results showed an optimum conditions atPH=5 and the partical size of adsorbent was 500 μm, while thepercentage of adsorption ranged from 81% to 93%
A comparative study for estimation of Losartan Potassium drug by atomic absorption technique and UV-visible spectrophotometry
Authors: Walaa Hazim Hameed Aljanabi  , Sarhan Ali Salman  , Saleh Abdullah Ahmed
Published: April 2023

Atomic absorption technique is used to determine losartan potassiumthrough the quantitative detection of potassium (K) element in the drug.the extraction was carried out by acid digestion and the percentagerecovery is 97.2%, the error percentage is -2.8, detection limit is 0.038 μg/ml, and the relative standard deviation did not exceed 2.58%. The resultswere compared with UV-Visible technique method with percentagerecovery of 96.5%, detection limit is 0.93 μg / ml and the relativestandard deviation was not more than 1.55%.
Design and fabricate of tiny wind turbine in Tikrit - Iraq
Authors: Yaseen. H. Mahmood  , Abdl Majeed E. IbrahIm  , Bakr A. Kareem
Published: April 2023

The DC electric Power system depending on Horizontal-Axis WindTurbine (HAWT), designed and manufactured by using and assembling anavailable low cost materials several primary and secondary parts of thesystem are modified to gam a good result's on producing electric power,we are capable to get 15 V (DC) . It is as found that when wind speed is of6.2 m/sec ,route per minute is 100 rpm, power coefficient 0.5 andthe gain power is 20 W
Studying the relationship of Nosocomial infection to the age, gender and educational level of the patient
Authors: Shaimaa Abd Mohammed Ali  , Waad M. Raoof  , Khalid O. Mohammed Ali
Published: April 2023

A total of 140 samples were collected from patients staying at Tikrit Teaching Hospital for three days or more in order to identify the most common bacterial isolates within the infections acquired from Tikrit Teaching Hospital and its relation to the age, gender and educational level of the patient. The samples included 75 urine samples, 28 stool samples, 28 wound swabs, and 9 sputum samples. The percentage of nosocomial infections was (45.7%), where the highest percentage were among UTIs (50.7%) from the total of (75) samples, followed by wound infections (42.9%) from the total of (28) samples, gastrointestinal infections (39.3%) from the total of (28) samples, and pneumonic infections (33.3%) from the total of (9) samples. It was noticed that hospital infections were more common in females, age group (51-89) years followed by the age group (5 years and less), and the uneducated (illiterate) where the number of hospital infected patients was 47 uneducated (illiterate) patients with 71.2%, while the number of educated patients was 19 patients with 28.8%. Various bacterial species were isolated in this study, including Citrobacter.koseri, E.coli, Staphylococcus schleiferi, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella ozaenae, Klebsiella ornithindytica, Enterobacter aerogenes, Providencia stuartii, Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Prov. rettgeri, Staph. flexneri, Prov.alcalifaciens and K.pneumoniae
The effectiveness of the protective role of beetroot juice for the male reproductive system of albino rats against the toxicity of cadmium chloride
Authors: Qasim Azeez  Razooqi AL-Janabi  , Rashid Khamees Shaban  , Noor Ibrahem Hasan AL-Kraie
Published: April 2023

This study was designed to evaluate the protective role of beetroot juice against the toxicity of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in male albino rats.
The study included 20 male albino rats ages ranged between (2-3 months) and weights ranged between (220-260g), which were randomly distributed into 4 groups, the first group that has been promised to control group was given distilled water, the second group was given beetroot juice 10 ml/kg b.w., group third was given at a dose of cadmium chloride 5 mg/kg  b.w. for 30 days, which promised an infected control, and the fourth group were treated beetroot juice 10 ml/kg b. w. with cadmium chloride.
The results showed that the treatment of animals cadmium chloride led group to a significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in the hormonal serum, to negative effects on of the natural shape of the sperm and to negative effects cleared on histological in testes tissues compared with the control group, In general has dosage rats treatment cadmium chloride juice of beetroot, to the positive improvement for most of the values ​​of previous indicators has led to increase significantly, the concentration of the LH, FSH and Testosterone hormone , to an improvement in the natural shape of the sperm, decreased significantly in the form abnormal sperm, led to an improvement cleared tissue in these totals became approach with what has been observed in the control group.
Detection of infection by rubella and cytomegalovirus among women exposed to abortion in Ninavah province
Authors: Mahmood Nafi Mahmood  , Adeeba Younis Shareef
Published: April 2023

The study aims to correlate infection with rubella, cytomegalovirus and abortion at different age groups.
Blood samples were collected through the period between beginning of February to the end of September 2017, one hundred and twenty-seven women exposed to abortion and thirty apparently health controls. Serum samples were tested for IgM and IgG antibodies for rubella and cytomegalovirus.
The results showed that CMV was the most common infection with high level of IgM antibodies (15.7%) and IgG (12.5%), only 0.7% of the cases gave positive results for rubella IgM, and 6.2% had rubella IgG while the control group only 6.6% had CMV IgM, and 3.3% had CMV IgG antibody. All the age groups did not show infection with rubella except age 25-31 years as 2.1% and 8.5% had IgM and IgG respectively. The highest rate of infection with CMV was at age group 25-31 years (21.2%) then age group 18-24 years (13.7%). Most of the patients experienced two abortions were reported at age group 25-31 years, 1.5% and 4.7% of CMV infected patient experienced 3 and 2 respectively while 1.5% of rubella infected patients had only one abortion, 18.1% of the patients with CMV experienced 2 abortions had cut off >1.25. Hundred % of the patients with rubella had cut off value of > 1.25 experienced one abortions.
Detection of Cutaneouse Leishmaniasis species via PCR in Salah Adeen and Baghdad provences
Authors: Maysaa Ibrahim Al-Jubori  , Abd Alrahman A. Al-Tae  , Mohammad A. Al-Faham
Published: April 2023

Background: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic diseases that are spread worldwide due to various species of Leishmania, which are infect mammales diversity as well as human. L. tropica,    L. major, and L. aethiopica which is common causes of cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Salah Adeen and Baghdad provences.
Material and Methods: The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of cutaneous Leishmaniasis and to identify Leishmania parasites by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in some endemic areas of Iraq. A total of 117 samples of patients with suspected cutaneous Leishmaniasis were collected in different age groups. And both sexes 73 male and 44 female patients.
Results: PCR results showed the percentage of infections 62.39% of males while 37.60% of females. The average age was 23.35 years (the range, from 1- 60 years), with the highest percentage of cases in the age group 1-4 years and the lowest rate in the age group (40-60 years). The highest infection was by L.tropica of L.major and lowest infection caused by L.aethiopica, where is considered first revealed in Iraq.
Conclusion: The study found that males were more likely to be infected than females. The study revealed that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most effective and sensitive method for detecting types of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.
The Inhibitory Effect of some Plant Extracts on some Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Yasmeen I. Al-Hadidy  , Sabraa S. Yaseen  , Ghazwan M. Saleh
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the present study is to assay the inhibitory effect of five concentrations 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 % of the aqueous and alcoholic extracts for leaves of the Sidr (Zizyphusspin-csit) and Eucalyptus leaves (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) in vitro, against the three types of the experimental bacteria, which Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium for their clinical importance as common, pathogenic in urinary tract infection by using the well diffusion assay method .The results showed that antimicrobial activity depends on kind of extract and tested microorganism. and the most bioactivity was done by methanol extract than the aqueous extract, the methanolic extract of Sidr leaves presented  the inhibitory effectiveness of all the species used  in this study ,the highest inhibition was 36 mm at 50%concentration against E. coli and methanolic extract of eucalyptus leaves showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of all bacteria except E. coli, showed resistance to the extract, As for the aquatic extracts, all the bacteria species illustrated resistance to the aquatic extracts of the leaves of the Sidr except Staph .aureus Inhibition rates were recorded at 17 and 15 mm at the concentration (30 and 20%), respectively, and the aquatic extracts of Eucalyptus leaves had no inhibitory effect on the growth of all the species used in this study, except S. typhimurium bacteria and all concentrations used. The  result of the qualitative chemical detection of the active compounds found in the extract indicated that it s contains, mainly like flavonids, alkaloids, Tannins and phenols, Saponins, Glycosides. in aquatic and alcoholic extraction.
Spectrophotometric determination of sulphite and thiamin hydrochloride using proton transfer reaction-application to water sample and pharmaceutical formation
Authors: Bassima A. Abed Al-Hadi
Published: April 2023

In this research, an easy, acurate and rapid spectrophotometric method for determination of sulphite and thiamine hydrochloride is described. This method used proton transfer reaction between sulphite ion with alizarine at (pH 6.73) to develop red colour adduct that bears maximum absorption at 524 nm. This method was developed to determination of thiamine hydrochloride by bleaching the red colour (alizarine-sulphite product) at the optimum conditions established for the determination of sulphite. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range (10-1000) μg/25ml (0.4-40) of sulphite and 10-1500, μg/25ml (0.4-60) for thiamine hydrochloride at the selected wavelength, the molar absorbtivity 2.6×104 l.mol-1.cm-1 for SO32- and 3.37×104 l.mol-1.cm-1 for thiamine hydrochloride, Sandell's index for sensitivity 0.00307 μg .cm-2 for sulphite  and 0.0100 μg .cm-2  for B1, the precision (RSD) of the method is ±0.23- ± 0.51% sulphite and ±0.15- ±0.25 thiamine hydrochloride. Good recoveries of sulphite and thiamine hydrochloride from water samples and pharmaceutical formation are achieved using the proposed method.
WE-primary submodules and WE-quasi-prime submodules
Authors: Haibat K.Mahmmed Ali  , Saif A. Hussein
Published: April 2023

In this paper we introduced and study  two concepts one of is a subclass of a class of weakly primary submodules called WE-primary submodules and the other of a subclass of weakly quasi-prime submodules called WE-quasi-prime submodules. Several properties of WE-primary and WE- quasi - prime submodules have been given, and some characterizations of each type of submodules are introduced  moreover behavior of these submodules in some classes of modules are investigated. On the otherhand, the homeorphic and inverse image of these concept under certain conditions are proved
Study the relationship between the liver functions and interleukin- 10 in female thalassaemia patients in Kirkuk city
Authors: Afnan Y. Bakr  , Mousa M. Marbut  , Ahmed H.AL-Ani
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted in thalassaemia center at Azadi Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk city from the  beginning of August 2017 to the end of April 2018. One hundred female subjects were participated in the study (70)  thalassaemic patients and Thirty (30) persons as control group how they were non thalasaemic. with no family history of hereditary blood disease attendants to different clinics of Azadi hospital, who were assessed by a clinician. All subjects were aged between 8- 15 years. Age  and body mass index (BMI), were measured for all subjects in this study and used for the measurement of serum interleukin10, serum feritine, serum (GOT), Serum (GPT), serum (ALP) and total serum bilirubine.
The results of current study showed that serum alkaline phosphate (ALP), Serum Alanine transaminase (ALT), serum Aspartate transaminase (GOT), Total serum bilirubine are Highly significance increase (p<0.01) in thalassaemic patients when compared to control group.
In Conclusion, serum interleukin-10(IL-10) has high significant increases level in thalassaemic patients compared to control group.
The First Study on Prevalence of Bed bug in Iraq-Kurdistan region: A warning message
Authors: Khalis Ahmad Hamad Ameen
Published: April 2023

Surveys of 34 infested locations in Kurdistan region, Iraq were conducted between June, 2014 and December, 2015. Out of the 135 rooms of different locations in Kurdistan regions investigated, 56 (41.5%) were infested with bed bugs. A total of 2050 bed bugs collected, comprising 973(47.5%) males and 1077(52.5%) females, 1557 eggs were also collected. The highest number of bed bugs collected in hotel and motel 640(31.2%), whereas the lowest number observed in hospital 15(0.7%). A total of 56 infested rooms, hospital showed lowest number 2(4.9%), followed by airport 3(42.9%), whereas a highest number of rooms infestation founded in apartment 21(70%).
Antibacterial Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Juglans regia L. stem bark and Inner Stratum of Oak Fruit (Jaft) on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wound infection
Authors: Sarwa Azeez Khalid  , Nihad A. Jaafar
Published: April 2023

Staphylococcus aureus can cause a wide spectrum of infections ranging from wound infections to life threatening systemic illnesses. These bacteria have multi drug resistance and can be difficult to treat. This study included a total of 20 Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wound infection, identification of Staphylococcus aureus  was based on growth on manitol salt agar, DNase test, coagulase test. Alcoholic extract of inner stratum of Oak (Jaft) and stem bark of Juglans regia L. were tested for the activity against this bacterium by determination the Minimum Inhibitbitory Concentration (MIC). The results showed that both Jaft and Juglans regia L. stem bark  extract have effect against Staphylococcus aureus ,the values of MIC of Jaft extract against isolates ranged between o.39 -12.5mg/ml with average of 3.9 mg/ml, and the values of MIC of Juglans regia L. stem bark ranged between 0.39-12.5mg/ml with average  of 6.3 mg/ml.
This study aimed to know the effect of alcoholic extract of inner stratum of oak (Jaft) and stem bark of Juglans regia L. on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the wound infection by using MIC method
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infected in the Kirkuk native population and aassociated with serum ferritin and Iron levels/Iraq
Authors: Nadia M. Mohammad  , Sabah M. Salih
Published: April 2023

An association of Helicobacter pylori and iron deficiency (ID) was conducted in Kirkuk city on 176 patients attending private laboratories in Kirkuk for the period from 1/8/2016  to  1/4/2017, blood sampling and a data col­lection survey were performed in 176 patients suffering from digestive problems and disorder ,120 of them with H.pylori, serum ferritin and iron were measured by ELISA and direct enzymatic method techniques respectively. the result showed that 67 (55.83%) of the patients have serum ferritin concentrations below the normal range indicating iron deficiency, 69 (57.5%) of the patients have iron concentrations below the normal range indicating iron deficiency.
Spectrophtometric determination of Hydrochlorothiazaide by oxidative coupling with O-Phenylendiamine
Authors: Rahma Abdul Hameed Hasan  , Ali Ibraheem Khaleel
Published: April 2023

This study includes the development of a new sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of a hydrochlorothaizide in aqueous solution and pharmaceultical preparations. The method is based on the oxidative coupling reaction of hydrochlorothaizide with O-phenylendiamine reagent in a acidic medium pH 1.5 in the presence of potassium ferricyanide  to produce an intense orange color, water soluble and stable product , which exhibits maximum absorption at 450 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration arange 6 to 48 µg.ml-1 of hydrochlorothaizide, with a molar absorptivity of  3602.17  L.mo1-1 .cm -1 , Sandell’s sensitivity index of 0.03 µg.cm-2 , relative error range not more than 0.215% , and D.L 0.0835µg.ml-1 . The method has been successfully applied for the determination of hydrochlorothaizide in tablets.
Synthesis and Study of some Heterocyclic Compounds from Schiff Base of Pinacolone
Authors: N.G. Ahmad  , H.S. Aziz  , G. Th. Sedeek
Published: April 2023

In this work, the synthesis of some heterocyclic compound of four, five and seven membered rings were done. On oxidation of the pinacole alcohol using concentrated sulphuric acid pinacolone were obtained and used as a precursor for the synthesis of three new Schiffs base through the reaction with para substituted anilines compounds. These imines were allowed to react with chloroacetyl chloride in dry dioxane to give the azetadine -2- one compounds. Also some thiazoldinone compounds were synthesized from the reaction of the corresponding imines with thioglycolic acid in the presence of zinc chloride in dry benzene and 1,3-oxazepine-4,7-diones, were obtained from the reaction of imines with maleic and phythalic anhydries in dry benzene. The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR spectroscopy and physical paramrters.
Spectroscopic Diagnostics of Plasma parameter in Laser Induced Plasma using PbO Lines
Authors: Anas A. Abdullah  , Sabre J. Mohammed  , Ghuson H. Mohammed
Published: April 2023

The optical emission spectrum of produced plasma was studied using pulse laser, where the effect of laser energy at a wavelength of 1064nm  was studied on lead oxide that produced by optical emission spectroscopy at different laser energy from 500 to 900 mJ. It was found that the intensity for Pb I and Pb II lines increase with increasing laser energy, but with different ratio, as a result increasing the excitation rate with increasing the number of falling photons. The wave length was recorded at highest laser Energy produced from Pb II which was equal to 666.02 nm. It can be seen that The height of peaks increase with increasing laser energy due to the effect of increasing the Electrical field induced by increasing Electrons density and the temperature of electron (Te) and electron density (ne) increase from 1.222×1018 cm-3 to 1.444×1018 cm-3 with increasing laser energy from  500 to 900 mJ respectively as a result of increasing number of falling photons which lead to increase in the electron density.
The Influence of Temepature on the structural and optical properties of Sb2S3 thin films prepared by chemical bath deposition method
Authors: Niran F. Abdul-Jabbar  , Raid A. Ismail  , Mustafa W. Fatehi
Published: April 2023

In this study we used chemical bath deposition method for deposited Sb2S3 thin films on glass substrate. The study analyzed the optical properties and structural characterization of Sb2S3 thin films. The structural properties were studied on the thin films by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive X ray Analysis (EDAX). The XRD pattern showed that the thin films were polycrystalline, and EDAX showed that the constituents of the element were found to be chemically balanced and convergent peak (ie, verification chemical balance of phase Sb2S3).The optical properties showed that the optical energy gap at 40°C is 2.8  eV ,and at 50 °C is 2.6 eV , and the optical transmittance at 40°C is %80,and at 50°C is reached about %60.
ON Supra α‒ Compactness In Supra topological Spaces
Authors: Ghufran A. Abbas  , Taha H. Jasim
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of strongly supra  continuous function, perfectly supra  continuous function and totally supra  continuous function, The relationships among these functions are studied., and investigated some properties of them. Also we introduced the concepts of supra  compact space, supra  Lindelof spaces and countably supra  compact spaces. Some basic properties are proved. At last the relationships  among supra  open, supra  continuous maps and supra  irresolute maps in supra topological spaces .
Improvement of Alert System against Tampering and Theft in Surveillance Cameras
Authors: Furat N. Tawfeeq
Published: April 2023

Use of Surveillance cameras in houses and markets became common, that resulted to minimize theft and make it a difficult task because it let recording and viewing what is going around. The wide application of these cameras, pushed thieves to seek new ways for abolition of the surveillance system and digital recording of events, such as cutting the signal wire between the camera and Digital video recorder or changing the direction of the camera away from the focus spot or damaging the camera or steal the device which means the loss of the recorded media. This paper focuses on such abolitions and fixed it by suggesting a way to notify the administrator immediately and automatically by Email about any violation of the system using MATLAB, which allow fast action by the administrator to fix such tampering. The results show that selecting of threshold equal to two was fair in detecting motion and value of five, in case of changing the camera direction through testing of fast and slow motions.
WES-2-Absorbing Submodules and WEQ-2-Absorbing Submodules
Authors: Wissam A. Hussein  , Haibat K. Mohammad Ali
Published: April 2023

In this research, we introduced and studied, the concepts of WES-2-absorbing submodules and WEQ-2-absorbing submodules as a stronger form of the concepts of weakly semi-2-absorbing submodules and weakly quasi-2-absorbing submodules respectively, and give their basic properties, examples and characterizations. On the otherhand, we studied the relationships among these concepts. Furthermore, we studied the behavior of these concepts in some classes of modules.
Biochemical and Histopathological study Of The Proteinaceous Compounds Separated From Aqueous Extract Of Marus Albul L. Fruit in alloxan diabetic mice
Authors: Shihab A. Al-Bajari
Published: April 2023

This work was concerned with isolating and molecular weight determination of the proteinous compounds isolated from the cold and boiled aqueous extract of Marus Albal L. using different biochemical techniques . Also this study indicated the effect of the proteinaceous compounds Ac, Bc and Ab, Bb on some biochemical parameters including glucose, cholesterol and total lipids levels in blood serum and glycogen content in liver tissues in normal and diabetic mice . A single intraperitoneal injection of these isolated compounds with a dose of 75 mg / kg body weight was used .As well as pancreas were removed and stained with H and E of pancreatic sections. Results indicated that intraperitoneal injection of insulin and all the proteinaceous compounds Ac , Bc and Ab, Bb obtained by gel filtration chromatography from the plant used had hypoglycemic effect on serum glucose level in normal and diabetic mice. The rate of decrease was from (18.2) to (43.7) % in the normal and form (29.57) to (50.20) % in the diabetic mice respectively. While compounds (Bb) showed a negligible to an increasing effect (3.91) % in the normal and (7.99)% in the diabetic mice. Also the highest decrease was obtained for compound (Ac), this decrease were (16.8 )% and (15.73) % for serum cholesterol levels in the normal and the diabetic mice respectively .As well as the highest decrease was obtained for compound (Ac) , this decrease were(23.62) % and (28.88) % for serum total lipids levels in the normal and the diabetic mice respectively. Also a decrease between (5.8 , 14.1) % and (6.4 , 12.9) %  glycogen content in liver tissues was obtained when the normal and in the diabetic mice respectively were injected intraperitoneally by the proteinaceous compounds Ac, Bc and Ab , Bb from plants used. Finally alloxan induced diabetic mice group, the endocrine pancreas histologically showed decreased in the size and number of Langerhans islets with vacuolar degeneration and necrosis of almost all cell in the atrophied islets as compared with control group. The histomorphometic study of the pancreas of the treated group didn't show a significant change of the pancreatic tissue.
Ultra violet spectrophotometric analysis of Paracetamol, Diclofenac and Tramadol drugs in mixture
Authors: Eesa M. Thalij  , Sarhan A. Salman  , Hasan. M. Hasan
Published: April 2023

The aim of this research was  develop and validate an analytical method by Uv spectrophotometric technique for quantitative determination of paracetamol (PAR), diclofenac or voltarine (DIC) and tramadol or tramal (TRA) in tablet dosage form, paracetamol analysis is based on the absorbance maxima were found to be at 243 nm when dissolved in 0.1N H2SO4 as a sample and in 0.1N NaOH solution as a blank,. Quantitative of PAR in sample is achieved by standard addition methods and three ways calculations were used to estimate the amount in the tablet, the expected content per tablet were equal to  (365.60, 361.984, 358.415 mg) and the results were acceptable when compared with original quantity in tablet(350 mg). The method was compared with standard curved method, showed that it is obeyed Beer – lambert law in the concentration range of 0.1–1 µg/ml for standard addition and standard curve methods, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9980 and o.9944. The limit of detection (LOD) for PAR was 0.036 µg/ml while limit of quantitation (LOQ) 0.119 µg/ml, the recovery of three procedure A, B, C of standard addition and standard curve were (104.40, 103.42, 102.40  and 92.995 %) for PAR ,it was found that the results obtained from the standard addition method were better than the result obtained from the standard curve method.
The amount of (DIC) and (TRA) drug in tablet sample calculated depending on the  absorbance (A) at 273 nm to give the value 47.44 mg and 47.6 mg per tablet are acceptable when compared with the value of the original quantity in tablet (50mg) and the recovery of the method was found to be (95.2 and 96.0 % ) respectively, the principle of  the method based on the  (A) of mixture at this λ is a total A of the two drugs, which owns different intensity at this λ at different percentages and that apply to the sample and standard for this drugs. Finally this can applied successfully for routine analysis.
A Study of the thermodynamic parameters (functions) of complexes formation of Sulfanilamid with metal ions and DL-Alanine by potentiometric method
Authors: Luma Abaas Gaasm
Published: April 2023

The current study deals with the preparation of disulfonalmide complexes composed of the sulfanilamid  drug , the salt of chromium(III) and the trisulfonalmide complexes composed of the  sulfonalmide drug , the metal salt and the amino acid (alanin), as well as study in the stability constant of each complex and making a comparison between them . The obtained results show that the tricomplex stability constant is higher than the dicomplex stability constant due to the existence of the amino acid in the tricomplex which makes greater stereo structure and eventually easier interaction. Besides the thermodynamic functions in this experiment have been studed  since they cause a chemical spontaneous reaction and a random arrangement in system.
The effect of hypertension, diabetes, and smoking on the levels of some biochemical parameters in chronic renal failure patients
Authors: Noor H. Ali  , Firas T. Maher  , Mohammad M. F. Al-Halbosiy
Published: April 2023

This study has been acomblished between December 2016 and September  2017 which included 70 patients with chronic renal failure who attended at Al-yarmuke teaching hospital in Baghdad with25 healthy individual as control. The research aims to study the effect of hypertension, diabetes and smoking on the levels of some biochemical parameters of chronic renal failure patients comparing with healthy control .The results showed a significant increase in the  concentrations of urea, creatine, uric acid, cholesterol, Triglycerides(TG), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), compared to healthy control. The results also showed that hypertension has an effect on the concentration of urea, uric acid, creatinine, cholesterol, Triglycerides (TG), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), the results indicated that the diabetes has effects on the concentration of urea, creatinine, cholesterol and Triglycerides (TG), High density lipoproteins (HDL), low density lipoproteins( LDL) and Very Low density lipoproteins (VLDL) with no effects on the concentration of uric acid. There was an effect of smoking on The concentrations of cholesterol and the Triglycerides(TG), low Density Lipoproteins( LDL), Very Low density Lipoproteins (VLDL), urea, uric acid, and creatinine .The gender has no effect on the concentration of all measured parameters except on TG concentration.
Effect of Indium Doping on the Structural and Optical Properties of CdO thin films
Authors: Muthanna K. Mahmood  , Hanan R. A. Ali  , Khudheir A. Mishjil
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of indium doping on structural and optical characteristics of CdO thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis. According to x-ray diffraction analysis, the studied samples are polycrystalline with preferred orientation along (111) orientation. The surface topography determined by AFM and SEM indicates that the surface roughness and root mean square (RMS) values were increased as the indium doping concentration increased. The determinedoptical energy gap were found to lie between (2.47-2.84)eV.
Study the Effect of heat treatment on AgInTe2 the optical properties thin films
Authors: Marwan R. Abass  , Iman H. Khudayer
Published: April 2023

AgInTe2 (AIT) thin films had been prepared by the used technique of vacuum thermal evaporation, with thickness  300 nm, the deposition rate  1.7 ±0.1 nm/sec on a glass substrate at room temperature and pressure (10-5) mbar Heat treatment was performed in the range (473-673) K for samples. The AIT thin films optical properties (absorption coefficient, index of refractive, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary dielectric constant) were studied by determination using measurement absorption and transmission spectra. The results showed they are wide applications such as photovoltaic electronic applications and photovoltaic applications.
steganography in colored images based on biometrics
Authors: Zeena Nabeel Jameel AL-Kateeb  , Marriam Raad Jasim Mohammed AL-Bazaz
Published: April 2023

Due to the great significance of the concealment and transfer of confidential data and the many and varied algorithms presented in this field, as well as the big and rapid development of the use of biometrics in the issues of reliability and verification of the identity of people in support of information security. Therefore this research has provided a suggested algorithm to hide confidential data in colorful images based on the features of engineering dimensions of the human hand as one of the types of biometrics; we extracted a set of these characteristics and processed them to build a matrix that specifies the map of the distribution of confidential data in the cover image. The proposed method was applied to a set of images to hide a set of confidential messages and the visual quality of the cover image was not affected after the concealment. The practical results explain the efficiency of this method was measured in terms of comparison between the original image before and after concealment. The performance of the algorithm and the method of its application were measured using measures of efficiency of the work, whereas the Peak Signal Noise Ratio was used, the highest ratio obtained was 81.3417, and Mean Square Error was approximately 0.0008 as a maximum limit, while the error rate was the restored confidential message after hiding Bit Error Rate = 0 in all cases
Dynamical behavior of the Family of cubic functions
Authors: Mizal H. Alobaidi  , Murtada M. Alkazraji
Published: April 2023

May R.M. gave the example of the family of cubic maps of the interval . Rogers T. D. extends the analysis of May beyond that region . “
In this paper we are trying to introduce comprehensive study of the cubic family which defined in the form:
The fixed points of the family are determined and described according to the values of the parameter  . Dynamical and chaotic behaviours of the family  discussed according to different definitions of chaos and via conjugacy .
Testing the Agreement among Three Free Accessibility Evaluation Tools: A Case Study of Iraqi Public Universities
Authors: Maytham Hammood
Published: April 2023

The huge development in the websites and continuous exchange of the information led to more consideration of the websites accessibility. There are many accessibility-based on studies conducted throughout the world. However, the existing literature lacks a study on the assessment of accessibility to the Iraqi universities websites. Accordingly, this study measured the accessibility to websites of 36 Iraqi public universities listed in the official webpage of the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education. Furthermore, it explored the relationships among three free web accessibility tools, namely Web Accessibility Versatile Evaluator, EIII Page Checker and Access Monitor, to test their agreement in terms of the accessibility results. These three free tools were used to evaluate the accessibility of the Iraqi universities websites. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences was used to analyze the results. The results of the three tools showed that the issue of accessibility is ignored by the webmasters of websites under the study. In addition, this study presented agreement among the three tools in terms of results
Retrospective and prospective ovarian cancer comparison in few Iraqi provinces
Authors: Samira Abdul-Hussain Abdullah
Published: April 2023

Ovarian cancer is the second most common cause of death with cancer, and the third most common malignancy. Many factors considered to be risk factors, among that, age group, family history and marital status. A total of 183 samples were collected from three northern Iraqi provinces and one from the south. Patient women samples with ovarian cancer were collected from Kirkuk, Erbil, Sulaimannyah and Dhi Qar. Patients samples were collected during the period from first of January 2013 to the end of December 2013. The data were collected through a questionnaire.
Histomorphological features of Rabbit Uterine Tube During Estrous Phases
Authors: Samira Abdul-Hussein Abdullah
Published: April 2023

Microscopic features of the adult rabbit uterine tube during estrous cycle were studied. Twenty rabbit uterine tube were used. Rabbits were collected from local market. Sections from uterine tube infundibulum, ampulla and isthmus were prepared for histological study. Lengths and widths of various parts were obtained from the right tube.
Ampulla formed the longest part, isthmus was narrowest segment and connected to the uterus. The infundibulum was with fimbrae. Epithelial liming was with few types of cells, and were; ciliated; non-ciliated secretory (peg cells) and basal cells were also demonstrated. The type of epithelial cells was pseudostratified epithelium. In the ampullary mucosa, large number of primary branches at the follicular phase was observed. Ciliation was more at the follicular phase than luteal phase. While secretory cells  during follicular was less than that at luteal phase
Assessment of Growth Hormone , Insulin and Vit.D2 Levels for Children Suffering from Hypoweight in Kirkuk City
Authors: Nuha K. Ibrahim  , Sahib J. Abdulrahman
Published: April 2023

This study was done in the Pediatric General Hospital and Al-azadi Educational Hospital , the period from September 2017 to February 2018, aimed to evaluate levels of Growth hormone (GH), Insulin and Vit.D3 levels for children suffering from hypoweight aged (1-5)years, include 40 child, in addition to 20 healthy child. A medical syringe was used for collecting blood samples, drawing (5)ml of venues blood from them and put it in test tube free from any coagulation material, it was put in centrifuge (3000rpm, 15min) for purpose obtaining blood serum then serum are separate and drawn by micropipette put it in a test tube used for (Growth Hormone, Insulin and Vit.D) tests. After test complete, the results of study showed a significant decrease (p≤ 0.01) in GH, Insulin and Vit.D2 levels.
The effect of toxoplasmosis infection in the concentration of interferon-ɣ and complementary proteins C3,C4 for parasite infected woman Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: AbdulKhaliq Alwan Muheimeed Al Jubouri  , Noor Talal Ali Taha Al Safe
Published: April 2023

The current study deals with measuring the level of interferon-ɣ   لfor 96 sample of infected women with Toxoplasma gondii , whose attended  Salah- El-Deen Teaching Hospital in Salah- El-Deen Governorate from 13/10 /201  to 2017/4/20 . The samples have been divided into50 50 infected pregnant  women with  ToxoplasmagondiiToxoplasma gondii and 46 women as a control group which included 23 pregnant women 23and 23  non – pregnant  whose as  not infectedT.gondii. The study shows significant difference in the level of interferon between the infected women group  and control group .The level of interferon ɣ in infected women was higher compared with the control group 1.658 0.977 0.977 and ) (,ah 0.7650.765 0.524 0.524)  pg. / ml, respectively, at the level of probability 0.01p< .0.01>p concerning on to the measurement of the level of the complementary proteins C3 ,C4)C3, C4),It was shown the result exist variances moral if were valued in infection women ​​ofC3,C4) 0.3708 0.0107 0.0107 and) ( 0.38510.3851 0.0306 0.0306) mg/dl, respectively, compared to the valued in non-infection women0.2528 0.2528  0.0463 0.0463 and) ( 0.2142 0.2142 0.06080.0608) mg/ dl, respectively, at the level of probability 0.01 p<. 0.01. >
Spectrophotometric Determination of sulphadiazine by oxidative coupling reaction with ortho-amino phenol as reagent
Authors: Aisha A. Abd  , Ali I. Khaleel  , Faiez M. Hamed
Published: April 2023

A simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method for determination of sulphadiazine (SDZ) in aqueous solution is described. The method iis based on the oxidation of SDZ by potasium Periodate, and coupling with ortho-amino phenol to give a violet colour of  maximum absorbaance at 532 nm. Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range of 5-40 µg /ml of SDZ with a (R2=0.9980) and molar absorptivity 5581.6 L.mol-1.cm-1  and a relative error in the range of - 0.06 - 2.3  % and a relative standard deviation of not more than 0.31 %. The composition of the resulting product is also investigated and it is found to be1:1. The method is successfully applied for the determinatiion of SDZ in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms, with recovery of noot less than 101.1%.
Effect of repeated annealing on the synthetic and electrical properties of Bi2-(x+y)PbxAgy Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ electrically superconductor
Authors: Khalid Hamdi Razzeg  , Abdul Kareem Dahas Ali  , Chanar Abiden Zaynel
Published: April 2023

This research involved the preparation of Bi2-(x+y)PbxAgy Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ with different concentrations of (x,y) which are (x=y=0)(x=0.05,y=0.15)(x=y=0.1)(x=0.15,y=0.05) by the method of solid state reaction under hydrostatic pressure of 8 ton /cm2  and at annealing temperature of 1123K in presence of sufficient amount of oxygen.
In order to obtain an increase in the regularity of crystalline composite and also to obtain the best critical temperature, the annealing was repeated on these samples at 723K.
After X-ray diffraction (XRD) test to know how effective the partial substitution and repeated annealing is, it was obvious that the crystalline composite was of tetragonal type and the best substitution ratio is when (x=0.05,y=0.15) where the values of lattice dimensions were a=b=5.4056°A, c=37.4226°A, after repeating the annealing process on these samples ,the crystalline composite kept its type and with conspicuous increase in the length of c-axis, but the best sample after repeating the annealing was at ratio of (x=y=0.1) where the values of lattice dimensions became a=b=5.4030°A,c=37.5230°A when it was a=b=5.4011°A,c=37.0660°A before repeating the annealing .When the electrical properties of these samples was studied ,we noticed that the oxygen has an important role in increasing the critical temperature and we obtained the best critical temperature Tc=144K and that’s when x=0.05,y=0.15 while after repeating the annealing it was Tc=146K and that’s when x=y=0.1 and it was Tc=136K before repeating the annealing
Measurement of radionuclides concentration in soil of selected regions of Kirkuk and Salahuddin
Authors: Sabah Mahmoud Aman Allah  , Abdullah Zahim Nouri
Published: April 2023

The present  research aims to assess the radionuclides concentration in the soil samples by using the spectroscopy technique of high-purity germanium detector. Four samples of soil were collected at depth of 15 cm for selected regions of Kirkuk and Salahuddin governorates with two samples for the two governorates. The study shows that the activity unit for the 226Ra, 214Pb, 212Pb, 228Ac, and 40K in the studied samples ranged between (11.4±0.7-5.6±1.2) in a rate (9.4±0.85) and in a (3.8± 0.4-29±4) and rate (19.3 ± 5.4) (2± 0.1 – 9.4±0.7) in a rate (6.4±0.54) and (1.6±0.2-11.4±1.2) in a rate (7.95 ± 0.775) and (64.2 ± 4.2-226.2 ± 8) in a rate (172.25 ± 7.7) Bq.kg-1, respectively, as well as, calculated EQ Radium (60.7194-12.8314) Bq.kg-1, activity concentration indicator (  (0.4448-0.096133), internal Risk indicator (0.236988-0.049795), external risk indicator(0.164015-0.03466), values of absorbed dose in air (28.79214-6.23074) nGy.kg-1, the annual effective dose internal factor (0.141243-0.030566) mSv.y-1, the annual effective dose external factor(0.035311-0.007641) mSv.y-1. All these values do not exceed the internationally permissible standards recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) and have no adverse impact, on the human health or the environment.