bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Continuum of Response Properties across the Population of Unipolar Brush Cells in the Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus
Authors: Huson Vincent , Newman Leannah , Regehr Wade G.
Published: July 2023

Unipolar brush cells (UBCs) in the cerebellum and dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) perform temporal transformations by converting brief mossy fiber bursts into long-lasting responses. In the cerebellar UBC population, mixing inhibition with graded mGluR1-dependent excitation leads to a continuum of temporal responses. In the DCN, it has been thought that mGluR1contributes little to mossy fiber responses and that there are distinct excitatory and inhibitory UBC subtypes. Here, we investigate UBC response properties using noninvasive cell-attached recordings in the DCN of mice of either sex. We find a continuum of responses to mossy fiber bursts ranging from 100 ms excitation to initial inhibition followed by several seconds of excitation to inhibition lasting for hundreds of milliseconds. Pharmacological interrogation reveals excitatory responses are primarily mediated by mGluR1. Thus, UBCs in both the DCN and cerebellum rely on mGluR1and have a continuum of response durations. The continuum of responses in the DCN may allow more flexible and efficient temporal processing than can be achieved with distinct excitatory and inhibitory populations.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUBCs are specialized excitatory interneurons in cerebellar-like structures that greatly prolong the temporal responses of mossy fiber inputs. They are thought to help cancel out self-generated signals. In the DCN, the prevailing view was that there are two distinct ON and OFF subtypes of UBCs. Here, we show that instead the UBC population has a continuum of response properties. Many cells show suppression and excitation consecutively, and the response durations vary considerably. mGluR1s are crucial in generating a continuum of responses. To understand how UBCs contribute to temporal processing, it is essential to consider the continuous variations of UBC responses, which have advantages over just having opposing ON/OFF subtypes of UBCs.
The VLPFC-Engaged Voluntary Emotion Regulation: Combined TMS-fMRI Evidence for the Neural Circuit of Cognitive Reappraisal
Authors: He Zhenhong , Li Sijin , Mo Licheng , Zheng Zixin , Li Yiwei , Li Hong , Zhang Dandan
Published: July 2023

A clear understanding of the neural circuit underlying emotion regulation (ER) is important for both basic and translational research. However, a lack of evidence based on combined neuroimaging and neuromodulation techniques calls into question (1) whether the change of prefrontal-subcortical activity intrinsically and causally contributes to the ER effect; and (2) whether the prefrontal control system directly modulates the subcortical affective system. Accordingly, we combined fMRI recordings with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to map the causal connections between the PFC and subcortical affective structures (amygdala and insula). A total of 117 human adult participants (57 males and 60 females) were included in the study. The results revealed that TMS-induced ventrolateral PFC (VLPFC) facilitation led to enhanced activity in the VLPFC and ventromedial PFC (VMPFC) as well as attenuated activity in the amygdala and insula during reappraisal but not during nonreappraisal (i.e., baseline). Moreover, the activated VLPFC intensified the prefrontal-subcortical couplings via the VMPFC during reappraisal only. This study provides combined TMS-fMRI evidence that downregulating negative emotion involves the prefrontal control system suppressing the subcortical affective system, with the VMPFC serving as a crucial hub within the VLPFC-subcortical network, suggesting an indirect pathway model of the ER circuit. Our findings outline potential protocols for improving ER ability by intensifying the VLPFC-VMPFC coupling in patients with mood and anxiety disorders.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUsing fMRI to examine the TMS effect, we uncovered that the opposite neural changes in prefrontal (enhanced) and subcortical (attenuated) regions are not a byproduct of emotion regulation (ER); instead, this prefrontal-subcortical activity per se causally contributes to the ER effect. Furthermore, using TMS to amplify the neural changes within the ER circuit, the “bridge” role of the VMPFC is highlighted under the reappraisal versus nonreappraisal contrast. This “perturb-and-measure” approach overcomes the correlational nature of fMRI data, helping us to identify brain regions that causally support reappraisal (the VLPFC and VMPFC) and those that are modulated by reappraisal (the amygdala and insula). The uncovered ER circuit is important for understanding the neural systems underlying reappraisal and valuable for translational research.
Information Seeking Behavior of Darul Qur'an Mulia Islamic Boarding School Students in Determining Higher Education Study Programs
Authors: Haslinda Noer , Alfida Alfida
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the level of information-seeking behavior of students in SMA Class XII Pesantren Terpadu Darul Qur'an Mulia in determining the study program in higher education. This type of research is descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The population of this study amounted to 204 students of Class XII Pesantren Terpadu Darul Qur'an Mulia, and the sample was taken by purposive sampling technique using the Slovin formula, so that a sample of 67 students was obtained. This research uses Kuhlthau's 1993 Information Search Process (ISP) model. Kuhlthau's theory has six stages including initiation, selection, exploration, formulation, collection, and presentation. The results showed that the information seeking behavior of students in determining the study program in higher education was classified as good. This can be seen from each stage of the Kuhlthau model, most students experience feelings, thoughts and actions that are in accordance with the Kuhlthau model, namely: Initiation gets a score of 3.27 (Very Good), Selection gets a score of 3.12 (Good), Exploration got a score of 2.92 (Good), Formulation got a score of 3.12 (Good), Collection got a score of 3.06 (Good) and Presentation got a score of 3.22 (Good). Santri experience all the stages that exist in the Kuhlthau model, especially at the Initiation stage, both in feelings, thoughts, and actions taken. Meanwhile, at the exploration stage, students tend not to feel the feeling to stop searching and the inconsistency of information as according to Kuhlthau's model. Based on the results of the study, the information seeking behavior of students in determining the study program in higher education as a whole is at a good level by obtaining a score of 3.11 (Good).
Pengaruh Pelayanan Perpustakaan Terhadap Persepsi Pemustaka Mengenai Citra Profesi Pustakawan Di Perpustakaan Nasional RI
Authors: Hasnadhia Salsabila , Nuryudi Nuryudi
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelayanan perpustakaan dan bagaimana persepsi pemustaka mengenai citra profesi pustakawan di Perpustakaan Nasional RI, serta seberapa besar pengaruh pelayanan perpustakaan terhadap persepsi pemustaka mengenai citra profesi pustakawan. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksplanatif dan mengambil jumlah peserta responden sebanyak 99 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik insidental, yaitu pengambilan sampel secara kebetulan. Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner disebarkan kepada pemustaka yang berkunjung langsung ke Pepustakaan Nasional RI. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelayanan di Perpustakaan Nasional RI masuk dalam kategori sangat baik dengan skor 3,67. Persepsi pemustaka mengenai citra profesi pustakawan di Perpustakaan Nasional RI juga dinilai sangat baik dengan skor 3,59. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, pelayanan perpustakaan memiliki pengaruh terhadap persepsi pemustaka mengenai citra profesi pustakawan, dengan nilai R Square sebesar 0,445 atau 44,5%, sedangkan 55,5% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian. Dengan demikian, hipotesis yang diterima adalah H1 = pelayanan perpustakaan berpengaruh terhadap persepsi pemustaka mengenai citra profesi pustakawan di Perpustakaan Nasional RI.
Peran Pengelola Perpustakaan dalam Menumbuhkan Budaya Gemar Membaca Siswa Tunarungu di Perpustakaan SLB-B Pangudi Luhur Jakarta
Authors: Yanti Yusdi , Farida Ida
Published: July 2023

The decline in reading culture in school students is an issue that comes to the fore today. The government and schools have made various efforts to develop a reading culture. Many roles should be involved so that the student is in an environment that always encourages him to read hard. Library managers are an essential part of having a role in fostering a culture of reading. This study aims to determine the role and constraints of library managers in motivating the reading interest of deaf students in the library of SLB-B Pangudi Luhur a Jakarta. This study aims to determine library managers' roles and constraints in motivating the reading interest of deaf students. This research is descriptive with a qualitative approach and the case study method. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews and literature reviews. Using B. F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning Learning Theory, research shows that library managers play their role in motivating deaf students' reading interest through mandatory library programs. The activities carried out by library managers in the program include storytelling, using picture books, composing for students to imagine, and collaborating with teachers. Library managers carry out these activities to encourage deaf students to read, especially when there are obstacles in the process of absorbing their ear language and difficulties in generating emotions such as anxiety, fear, anger, depression, and low communication resulting in a lack of self-confidence. Obstacles experienced by library managers in motivating students include the lack of adequate human resources and the lack of availability of new books. The manager of the SLB-B Pangudi Luhur Jakarta Library applies the oral/aural verbal communication method in communicating to support and make it easier to motivate the reading interest of deaf students.
Fatima’s Mimicry in Aliya Husain’s Neither This Nor That
Authors: Asiyah Nur
Published: July 2023

This study aims to reveal Fatima’s mimicry as the prominent figure in Aliya Husain’s Neither This Nor That. The presence of minorities often brings the assumption that they are foreign people, so they are treated discriminatively. Immigrants who live a new life in a country whose ideology, beliefs, and lifestyle of the original population are opposite to those of their home country will experience identity problems. Muslim women or Muslimah who are diaspora from India to America also share the same thing. They have to negotiate their identity, so they can live comfortably. The form of negotiation can be done by mimicry. This research is qualitative descriptive research. This research examines mimicry narratives from a diaspora novel, Neither This Nor That (2010). In addition, other sources such as books, journals, and the web are supporting sources. This paper uses Homi Bhabha's postcolonialism theory, especially mimicry, ambivalence, and hybrid. Ting Tomey's Identity Negotiation Theory is also used to strengthen the analysis. This study reveals that the characters imitate the majority's behavior subconsciously to maintain and save their identity. In doing so, they wait for the right time and momentum to negotiate their identity so that, in the end, a hybrid identity will emerge that accommodates the old and new identities.
Variation in Care of Well-Appearing Hypothermic Young Infants: A Multisite Study
Authors: Combs Monica D. , Mitchell Meredith , Molas-Torreblanca Kira , Lee Clifton , Raffaele Jennifer L. , Sharma Meenu , Berger Stephanie , Morrison John , Prasad Madhuri , Wood Julie K. , Van Meurs Annalise , Mullin Rachael , Doraiswamy Vignesh , Ingram Evan , Banker Sumeet L. , Lee Jennifer , Tan Xiyan , Potisek Nicholas M. , Halvorson Elizabeth E. ,   HYPOTHERMIC YOUNG INFANT RESEARCH COLLABORATIVE, Adib Hania , McCartor Saylor , Westphal Kathryn
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Numerous decision tools have emerged to guide management of febrile infants, but limited data exist to guide the care of young infants presenting with hypothermia. We evaluated the variation in care for well-appearing hypothermic young infants in the hospital and/or emergency department setting between participating sites.

METHODS

This is a retrospective cohort study of well-appearing infants ≤90 days old across 9 academic medical centers from September 1, 2016 to May 5, 2021. Infants were identified via billing codes for hypothermia or an initial temperature ≤36.0°C with manual chart review performed. Primary outcomes included assessment of variation in diagnostic evaluation, disposition, empirical antimicrobial therapy, and length of stay.

RESULTS

Of 14 278 infants originally identified, 739 met inclusion criteria. Significant interhospital variation occurred across all primary outcomes. Across sites, a full serious bacterial illness evaluation was done in 12% to 76% of hypothermic infants. Empirical antibiotics were administered 20% to 87% of the time. Performance of herpes simplex viral testing ranged from 7% to 84%, and acyclovir was empirically started 8% to 82% of the time. Hospital admission rates ranged from 45% to 100% of patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Considerable variation across multiple aspects of care exists for well-appearing young infants presenting with hypothermia. An improved understanding of hypothermic young infants and their risk of infection can lead to the development of clinical decision tools to guide appropriate evaluation and management.
Sağlık bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinde fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile eleştirel düşünme arasındaki ilişki: kesitsel bir çalışma
Authors: AKTAŞ Büşra , NAZ GÜRŞAN İlknur , KÖPRÜLÜOĞLU Melissa , ÖZER KAYA Derya
Published: July 2023

Amaç: Fiziksel aktivite üniversite öğrencilerinde hem fiziksel hem de mental sağlık açısından önem taşımaktadır. Son yıllarda sağlık çalışanlarının hastaların problemlerinin özüne inebilme ve farklı tedavi metotları sunabilmeleri açısından eğitim aşamasındaki eleştirel düşünme becerileri üzerinde durulmakta ancak eleştirel düşünme ile ilişkili faktörler net olarak tanımlanmamaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışmamızda amacımız sağlık bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve eleştirel düşünme becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelenmekti.

Yöntem: Kesitsel olarak planlanan çalışmamıza 18-31 yaş arası 160 üniversite öğrencisi (ortanca yaş; 20 [min-maks; 19-31] yıl, beden kütle indeksi; 21 [min-maks; 15-38] kg/m2) dahil edildi. Eleştirel düşünme eğilimleri Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilimi Ölçeği ile, fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi ile sorgulandı.

Bulgular: Öğrencilerin ile Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilimi Ölçeği beceri boyutu, değer boyutu ve total skoru ile yürüme skoru (sırasıyla, r=0,580, r=0,490, r=0,630, p
Effect of Signs Types on Level of Traffic Signs Understanding of Motorcyclists
Authors: Maulina Dewi , Shafira Maytika Dewi Ayu , Santoso Guritnaningsih P.
Published: July 2023

Insufficient comprehension of traffic signs among motorcyclists is a contributing factor to traffic accidents. Furthermore, the ability to comprehend these signs is closely tied to the cognitive process of accurately interpreting the information conveyed, with one of the key influencing factors being the representation of signs themselves.  Therefore, this research aimed to examine the effect of sign types on the understanding of traffic signs, utilizing an experimental research approach that employed a between-subject, randomized multi-group design. A sample of 80 motorcyclists aged 17-25 residing in the Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi (Jabodetabek) areas was involved in the research. Participants were exposed to ten unfamiliar warning signs displayed on a computer, presented in three different formats, namely symbol, text, and symbol + text. Understanding of traffic signs was measured by level of signs comprehension (accuracy). The results showed that signs types significantly affected understanding of traffic signs. Furthermore, text and symbol + text signs resulted in higher level of understanding compared to symbols. The research implied the need for textual elements in the designs of warning signs to optimize understanding of traffic signs among motorcyclists.
Aike P. Rots, Shinto, Nature and Ideology in Contemporary Japan: Making Sacred Forests
Authors: Kimura Takeshi
Published: July 2023

Aike P. Rots, Shinto, Nature and Ideology in Contemporary Japan: Making Sacred Forests (New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2017) pp., $42.95 (pbk), ISBN: 9781350105911.
Muraresku, Brian C., The Immortality Key: The Secret History of the Religion with No Name
Authors: Johnston Lucas F.
Published: July 2023

Muraresku, Brian C., The Immortality Key: The Secret History of the Religion with No Name (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2020), 480 pp., $29.99 (hbk), ISBN: 9781250207142.
All Local Coherences
Authors: Daniels Joel
Published: July 2023

With almost 800 million followers, scholars from numerous fields have examined Pentecostalism—composed of congregations from Protestantism, Catholicism, and Orthodox Churches—attempting to explain its wide appeal and diverse practices. Why has Pentecostalism been able to adapt to each unique context so effectively? Are there universal traits that unite all Pentecostals? While these questions have interested and confounded scholars and practitioners alike, a fundamental and crucial question has remained unanswered: what exactly is Pentecostalism? Without a framework for understanding Pentecostalism, very little progress can be made into understanding the movement. Unlike previous definitional efforts that restrict the movement to “Western,” dualistic paradigms, this paper argues that Tiantai Buddhist philosophy provides Pentecostalism with a dynamic framework that enables fluid movement with the Holy Spirit without issue or concern. Tiantai’s Three Truths allow Pentecostals from multifarious contexts to flow with the Spirit in their distinctive way, resulting in freedom.
IRELAND, Daryl R. John Song: Modern Chinese Christianity and the Making of a New Man.
Authors: Anderson Allan H
Published: July 2023

IRELAND, Daryl R. John Song: Modern Chinese Christianity and the Making of a New Man. Waco, Texas: Baylor University Press, 2020. xix + 248 pp. Hbk. ISBN: 9781481312707. £36.
Encuentros y desencuentros percibidos entre comuneros y docentes en torno a la innovación en las amunas de San Andrés de Tupicocha, Huarochirí, Perú
Authors: De la Torre Barúa Juan Gómez , Ibáñez Blancas Alexis Nicolás
Published: July 2023

El sistema de riego conocido como amunas ha sido una respuesta a las temporalidades de sequía que se desarrollaron en la provincia de Huarochirí, desde antes de la colonia. Hoy en día, estos sistemas tienen diferentes formas de entenderse, en tanto se preguntaron a docentes de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina y comuneros de la localidad de San Andrés de Tupicocha, cómo entendían a las amunas y sus innovaciones de acuerdo a tres criterios: beneficios, sostenibilidad y eficiencia. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas que muestran la existencia de coincidencias y diferencias entre estas dos formas de entender las amunas, promoviendo una discusión donde el conocimiento híbrido también permite pensar que los procesos de innovación, acarreados sobre las amunas en estos últimos años, han permitido inocular cambios puntuales que modificaron elementos, tanto materiales como inmateriales, en este sistema de riego.
Cambio ambiental global y metabolismo social local: marcos de interpretación, herramientas de valoración y políticas derivadas
Authors: Pedregal Belén , Vásquez Baca Urphy , De Lisio Antonio
Published: July 2023

El Informe de la Evaluación Mundial de la Diversidad Biológica y los Servicios de los Ecosistemas publicado por la Plataforma Intergubernamental sobre Biodiversidad y Servicios de los Ecosistemas (2019) concluía, entre otras cuestiones, que el ritmo del cambio global en la naturaleza durante los últimos 50 años no tiene precedentes en la historia de la humanidad. En este contexto de aceleración del cambio y situación de emergencia climática actual se hace necesario avanzar en el establecimiento de bases teóricas y metodológicas que permitan comprender sus mecanismos de funcionamiento e impactos a distintas escalas temporales y geográficas, considerando, a su vez, la especificidad de los distintos territorios y hábitats.
Con objeto de avanzar en el conocimiento sobre la situación mundial de emergencia ambiental y sus instrumentos de valoración y mitigación, este monográfico lanzó un llamamiento a la contribución de trabajos teórico-metodológicos y de análisis de casos prácticos que tuvieran en consideración, la diversidad territorial y multiescalaridad de los procesos ambientales y de las políticas diseñadas para su tratamiento, tomando como punto de partida los marcos de interpretación del cambio global y del metabolismo social.
En su consideración conjunta, se revela la utilidad de crear marcos teórico-metodológicos de entendimiento común, pero adaptados a la diversidad de cada territorio y escala. Igualmente, se identifica la utilidad de las políticas públicas fundamentadas en la economía ecológica, pero reforzadas con las nuevas formas de gobernanza territorial caracterizadas por la incorporación de la participación y el fomento de la coordinación y cooperación multinivel, multiescalar y sectorial.
Editorial
Authors: Díez Jiménez Adriano , Fontalvo Gómez Roxana , Jiménez Villa Carlos
Published: July 2023

Esta nueva edición de Collectivus, Revista de Ciencias Sociales (CRCS), volumen 9, número 1, ofrece de manera miscelánea o abierta, en torno al enfoque y alcance de la revista una serie de artículos de diversidad temática, conceptual y metodológica. Esta edición cuenta con siete (7) artículos que brindan un análisis desde diferentes campos y áreas del conocimiento, centrándose en la comprensión de los fenómenos socioculturales. de investigación científica.
Gramsci y sus claves para explicar el Estado en la actualidad
Authors: Ávila Rojas Odín
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo busca reflexionar sobre el pensamiento marxista de Antonio Gramsci centrado en el concepto de Estado en la actualidad a partir de un análisis documental sobre textos básicos y relacionados son el debate del Estado en la actualidad. Gracias a esta técnica documental se destaca que el pensamiento de Gramsci es actual, porque explica que el Estado es una forma social y política no predeterminada y en continua construcción en la que participan las diversas clases, sectores, grupos y sujetos. De ahí, que se realiza una reflexión que recupera al pensamiento gramsciano en la actualidad y que aporta herramientas para analizar de manera crítica la ciencia política desde una visión que parte del hecho que lo estatal no únicamente corresponde a la configuración institucional, sino también a la organización de lo social. Además, se han escrito en los últimos años pocos análisis sobre este tema en las revistas indexadas.
ON THE PROPERTIES OF THE SET OF TRAJECTORIES OF THE NONLINEAR CONTROL SYSTEM WITH QUADRATIC INTEGRAL CONSTRAINT ON THE CONTROL FUNCTIONS
Authors: Huseyin Anar , Huseyin Nesir
Published: July 2023

In this paper the control system described by a nonlinear differential equation is studied. It is assumed that the control functions have a  quadratic integral constraint, more precisely, the admissible control functions are chosen from the ellipsoid of the space \(L_2([t_0,\theta];\mathbb{R}^m)\). Different properties of the set of trajectories are investigated. It is proved that a small perturbation of the set of control functions causes also appropriate small perturbation of the set of trajectories. It is also shown that the set of trajectories has a small change if along with the integral constraint on the control functions, a sufficiently large norm type geometric constraint on the control functions is introduced. It is established that every trajectory is robust with respect to the fast consumption of the remaining control resource, and hence every trajectory of the system can be approximated by a trajectory generated by full consumption of the total control resource.
A PROTEÇÃO DOS DADOS SENSÍVEIS NA PESQUISA CIENTÍFICA, MIGUEL REALE E A INDIVIDUALIDADE DA PESSOA
Authors: DE CARVALHO JOSÉ MAURÍCIO , DOS SANTOS VANESSA EUGÊNIA
Published: July 2023

A ciência contemporânea vem proporcionando uma sensação inédita de controle humano. Simultaneamente, a sociedade exige uma ruptura do Direito tradicional, cujo estudo isolado traz insegurança, observada em decisões aleatoriamente diferentes para casos semelhantes. Neste cenário, a Advocacia Preventiva tornou-se uma tendência ao posicionar o advogado como protagonista na comunicação com jurisdicionados, proporcionando a segurança jurídica através de um planejamento na tomada de decisão do seu cliente. Apesar disto, a bilbiografia sobre os seus referenciais ainda é escassa. A Cibernética e a Jurimetria constituem marco teórico que será desenvolvido de forma analítica e histórica, pois a compreensão dos seus mecanismos auxilia numa efetiva mudança de paradigma em prol de uma política de redução de riscos.
Isolation and characterization of probiotic bacteria from fruit pulp, screening of probiotic properties and production of bacteriocin and probiotic curd
Authors: Dhanvanti B Kamaliya , Bhumi M Javia , Megha S Gadhvi , Dushyant R Dudhagara
Published: July 2023

The present study was investigated to isolate probiotic lactic acid bacteria from Actinidia deliciosa (kiwi fruit) pulp. A total of eight isolates were found and two of them were probiotic LAB strains. The both A2 and A5 isolates strains were Gram-positive, catalase and oxidase negative, non-spore forming, non-motile, rod or short cocci shaped bacteria. The A2 and A5 strains both survived well in conditions of low pH, 0.4% phenol and high bile salt concentrations. They could grow at different temperatures and were resistant to different NaCl concentrations. A study was also conducted on the various probiotic and safety attributes of isolates. Bacteriocins, a kind of ribosomal protein produced by LAB, were estimated using the Folin-Lowery method. The formation of bacteriocins was influenced by various physical and chemical factors. The result demonstrates that the optimum conditions for the production of bacteriocins by the A2 strain were glucose as carbon source, pH 6.5, 2% NaCl and 1% bile salts. For the A5 strain, sucrose as a carbon source, pH 6.5, 1% NaCl and 1% bile salt were optimum conditions for bacteriocin production. Study was also conducted on exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, adhesion characteristics, antagonistic activity and antibiotic sensitivity. Probiotic curd (Dahi) formation was done and several parameters of curd like pH, total lactic acid concentration and water-holding capacity were all investigated.
Microsomal membrane isolation from cell culture v1
Authors: not provided rosanne.wouters
Published: July 2023

Microsomal membrane isolation from cell culture
Rekod Jangka Panjang Kepekatan Metana di Malaysia
Authors: Topa Mohd Rashdan , Latif Mohd Talib , Othman Murnira , Maggie Ooi Chel Gee , Mohd Hanif Norfazrin , Mohd Nadzir Mohd Shahrul , Abd Hamid Haris Hafizal , Ahmad Mohtar Anis Asma , Liew Juneng
Published: July 2023

Gas metana (CH4) adalah gas rumah hijau yang menyebabkan perubahan iklim dan pemanasan dunia. Kajian CH4 dijalankan untuk melihat tren pelepasan CH4 di Malaysia dalam satu jangka masa yang panjang (10 tahun) dari tahun 2000 hingga 2009 dan menilai hubungan CH4 dengan ozon permukaan (O3). Data CH4 daripada 19 stesen pemantauan kualiti udara automatik berterusan Jabatan Alam Sekitar (JAS) di Malaysia telah dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik dan korelasi Pearson. Hasil kajian mendapati nilai bacaan kepekatan purata bulanan CH4 tertinggi dicatatkan di stesen Larkin, Johor Bahru iaitu 2.61±0.54 ppm. Nilai purata kepekatan CH4 berdasarkan data yang direkodkan di semua stesen di Malaysia adalah 2.00 ppm. Taburan kepekatan CH4 yang lebih tinggi didapati tertumpu di kawasan bandar dan kawasan perindustrian di Selangor, Melaka dan Johor. Analisis korelasi bagi menentukan hubungan CH4 dengan bahan pencemar O3 mendapati 15 stesen menunjukkan korelasi positif yang sangat kecil dan lemah (r < 0.20 dan 0.20 < r < 0.40) manakala empat stesen lagi menunjukkan korelasi negatif. Hubungan antara CH4 dengan bahan pencemar O3 bagi kesemua stesen adalah tidak signifikan (r < 0.5, p > 0.05). Stesen Shah Alam didapati menunjukkan korelasi CH4 paling tinggi dengan O3 berbanding stesen lain. Pengetahuan asas berkenaan CH4 dalam udara ambien Malaysia yang ditunjukkan dalam kajian ini boleh digunakan untuk menilai potensi impak CH4 terhadap alam sekitar, perubahan iklim dan kesihatan manusia.
Analysis of Methylphenol Concentration in Selangor Rivers, Malaysia using Solid Phase Extraction Technique Coupled with UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Authors: Ahmad Juanda Nur Izzah binti , Md Saleh Noorashikin , Nor Yuliana Yuhana Nor Yuliana Yuhana , Asman Saliza , Yusoff Farhanini
Published: July 2023

Methylphenol is extensively produced from pharmaceuticals, agriculture, textiles, cosmetics, and petrochemicals industries. It is a pollutant that can adversely affect public health and the ecosystem. Following the issues raised, methylphenol extraction from Selangor rivers need to be done to avoid adverse consequences. In this study, solid phase extraction (SPE) combined with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) detection at 271 nm was utilized to extract methylphenol from Selangor rivers. The challenges reported by applying the SPE technique was to identify the optimum conditions for extraction to guarantee effective recovery of the extracted methylphenol. Therefore, this research aimed to develop an extraction technique to extract methylphenol from Selangor rivers. In this study, 3 mL Supel Swift-HLB cartridges with bed weight of 60 mg were used as SPE cartridges. The optimum conditions for methylphenol SPE were 3 mL methanol as a conditioning solvent, 6 mL of pH 5 water sample with a contact time of 4 min with adsorbent bed was practiced during sample loading, 3 mL of acetonitrile as washing solvent, and 12 mL of acetone as the elution solvent. The concentrations of methylphenol detected at five different locations collected from Sungai Klang, Sungai Selangor, and Sungai Langat ranged from 5 to 6 mg L-1. SPE coupled with UV-Vis is an appropriate method for methylphenol extraction as it simplifies sample preparation, is time saving, and can achieve a high percentage recovery of methylphenol.
Improving the stability and handling of tractors when towing trailers and coupled units
Authors: Zhileykin Mikhail M. , Sirotin Pavel V. , Nosikov Sergey S.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Currently, almost all agricultural work is performed using tractors. As the transport speed of a tractor train increases, the amplitude of lateral and horizontal oscillations of its coupled units emerges and increases. At certain velocities, these oscillations become so large that they can lead to a rollover, in addition, shock loads occur in coupling devices, which make it difficult to handle a tractor train. The traditional method to prevent this is the velocity limit, which does not guarantee a positive result.
AIMS: Development of methods to improve stability, handling and safety of wheeled tractor trains by reducing the galloping and yawing of a truck tractor when towing heavy loads.
METHODS: The following options of the design of the system for countering the occurrence of self-oscillations in the design of a wheeled tractor train ensuring a reduction in the level of self-oscillations, increasing the stability, handling and safety of the tractor train have been proposed: the coupling device equipped with hydraulic damping devices operating at longitudinal and lateral folding; the control system for the individual traction electric drive of a truck tractor preventing the loss of wheel grip with the ground surface; the combined use of the control system for the individual traction electric drive of a truck tractor and the coupling device equipped with hydraulic damping devices; the combined use of the coupling device equipped with hydraulic damping devices and a steering correction system.
RESULTS: With use of simulation modeling methods, it has been established that the coupling device equipped with hydraulic damping devices adjustable by the folding angle of the tractor train and by the yaw angle oscillations of a truck tractor body should be recognized as the most acceptable and effective system for reducing self-oscillations of a wheeled tractor train at the current state of the art.
CONCLUSIONS: The practical value of the study lies in the possibility of using the proposed methods to eliminate the risk of self-oscillating processes in the design of promising types of agricultural machinery.
Prognostic markers of recurrence in adrenocortical carcinoma patients after surgery
Authors: Kalugina Valentina V. , Vorokhobina Natalia V. , Velikanova Ludmila I. , Shafigullina Zulfiya R. , Malevanaya Ekaterina V. , Strelnikova Elena G. , Bokhyan Vagan Yu. , Britvin Timur A. , Kushlinskii Nikolay E.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare and aggressive disease. Tumor recurrence prevention is vital for increasing patients survival rate. Therefore, the identification of prognostic markers is of particular importance.
AIM: To evaluate clinical, laboratory and chromatographic criteria for adrenocortical carcinoma recurrence using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to optimize patients follow-up.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 patients [10 (25%) men and 30 (75%) women] with histologically confirmed adrenocortical carcinoma (according to the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors stage I 3, II 29, III 8 patients at presentation) have been recruited. Measurement of 24-hour urinary steroid metabolite excretion has been carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS-ТQ8050, Shimadzu) in preoperative period. The survival distribution has been assessed according to the KaplanMeier method. Cox proportional hazards regression methods have been used to determine predictive factors on recurrence-free survival.
RESULTS: The patients with early stages of disease (III versus III) had a significantly longer recurrence-free survival, overt hypercortisolism was associated with significantly shorter recurrence-free survival. A significant correlation between pregnenediol urinary excretion and tumor diameter, stage has been found. Increased urinary excretion of tetrahydro-11-deoxycortisol, pregnenediol was associated with a decreased recurrence-free survival in the patients with overt hypercortisolism. Increased urinary excretion of 16-OH-dehydroepiandrosterone was a marker of a shorter recurrence-free survival in the patients without Cushing syndrome. Increased urinary excretion of pregnenediol, pregnenetriol, 16-oxo-androstenediol in all the adrenocortical carcinoma patients was associated with a recurrence risk. In the multivariate analysis pregnenediol urinary excretion, stage and overt cortisol excess were significantly and independently associated with a shorter recurrence-free survival.
CONCLUSIONS: Adrenocortical carcinoma recurrence prognostic markers have been found by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The application of these findings may improve patient-centered outcomes.
Sensory processing issues in children with cerebral palsy: a pilot study in tertiary care institute
Authors: Gaurav Kunal , Kumar Raj , Kumar Ganesh , Gupta Anand Kumar , Runu Ritesh , Singh Abhinav
Published: July 2023

Background: Understanding of sensory processing disorder in children with cerebral palsy is paramount to implement holistic rehabilitation and it would help in achieving highest level of function and independence. The purpose of the study was to detect sensory processing disorder in children with cerebral palsy in east zone of India. This study may help to formulate the implementation of effective therapy protocol in east zone.
Methods: The study was a prospective cross-sectional study.30 children with cerebral palsy were enrolled in our study. All 30 children were spastic diplegic. Children were assessed with short sensory profile. All caretakers were given questionnaire of SSP (short sensory profile).
Results: Short sensory profile can help find out the sensory processing disorder in cerebral palsy. All 30 participants showed sensory processing difficulties in at least one of the sensory processing sections. In our study, 19 children with cerebral palsy out of 30 showed sensory processing disorder. 22 children with cerebral palsy have reported sensory seeking issue and same number of kids has reported weak muscles and low endurance. Moreover, 18 of the children with cerebral palsy have reported movement sensitivity issue and 6 children reported visual auditory issues. On top of that 15 children with CP have reported auditory filtering issues, 9 children showed tactile sensitivity issues and 11 children showed taste and smell sensitivity.
Conclusions: Children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy showed difficulty in sensory processing especially in sensory seeking domain. Sensory processing disorder is present in children with cerebral palsy.
Study of incidence, risk factors and immediate outcome of hypoglycemia in neonates admitted in NICU
Authors: Ansari Aatif , Savaskar S. V. , Tamboli Moin , S. N. Pushpa
Published: July 2023

Background: Hypoglycemia is the most common metabolic problem occurring in newborns which is associated with poor neurologic outcome. The present study was conducted to determine the incidence, risk factors and immediate outcome of hypoglycemia in neonates.
Methods: The present study was conducted on 3776 babies born with risk factors for hypoglycemia in NICU. Screening for blood glucose level of study subjects were done at 2, 4, 6,12,24,48,78 hours of life, twice daily and whenever symptomatic by using glucometer. Babies were followed up till discharge. Incidence, risk factors and immediate outcome of hypoglycemia were assessed. Appropriate tests were applied.
Results: Incidence of hypoglycemia was 9.93% among high-risk neonates and overall incidence was 5.20%. 54.13% were males. 45% were preterm, 78.7% neonates were LBW. 53.07% were born to primiparous mother, 20.5% to diabetic mothers and 28.5% to hypertensive mothers. 16.8% had perinatal asphyxia, 14.66% new-born had underlying RDS. 48.5% were symptomatic, most common being lethargy 52.75% followed by jitteriness 43.41%, convulsion in 63 (34.62%). Preterm and LBW were significantly associated with mortality. Most common underlying comorbidities associated with deaths were sepsis (59.10%), RDS (45.46%), perinatal asphyxia (13.64%) and meconium aspiration syndrome (4.55%).
Conclusions: Neonates with one or more risk factors for hypoglycemia should be screened irrespective of symptoms within 72 hours of life. Focused counselling on early initiation of breast feeding will reduce the incidence of hypoglycemia and its complications.
A case series of posterior circulation ischaemic stroke following viper snake bite
Authors: Nakipuria Mayank , Shah Anandkumar , Easwarappa Vishwanath Sahukar , Selvapandian Srinivasalu , Ghosh Siddhartha
Published: July 2023

Snakebite is a common problem in Rural India. Viper snake bite is India's most common cause of fatal snake bites. They are usually associated with hemorrhagic complications. Ischemic complications following viper bite are uncommon and have only been reported by a few authors. A posterior circulation stroke is even rarer as it is challenging to diagnose. It is also fatal if there is a delay in diagnosis. We report a series of 5 patients with posterior circulation infarcts following viper envenomation confirmed by MRI Brain. We review published literature and discuss the likely pathogenesis of the ischaemic stroke following a viper bite. This study stresses the need for a higher degree of suspicion for posterior circulation stroke following snakebite and an early radiological diagnosis. Following diagnosis, adequate hydration, maintaining blood pressure, antiplatelets, and ICP lowering measures are essential. Snakebite should be considered a differential diagnosis in a young patient with stroke, especially in rural areas.
Современные взгляды на патогенез аутоиммунного тиреоидита
Authors: Бачура В.Д , Сабирьянова К.А , Степанова В.А , Попугайло М.В
Published: July 2023

В статье представлен анализ научных данных о новых этиологических факторах тиреоидита Хашимото, такие как, генетическая предрасположенность, роль аутоантител, цитокинов, хемокинов, модуляторов иммунитета; половых стероидов и беременности. Подробнее разобран патоегнез множественных цитокиновых сетей, которые вовлекают клетки щитовидной железы в цепь нарастающих провоспалительных эффектов, множества различных дефектов в Т-регуляторных клетках, которые могут лежать в основе потери толерантности к аутоантигенам щитовидной железы и роли микроорганизмов в развитии тиреоидита Хашимото. Цель исследования. Данный литобзор посвящен изучению и уточнению неизвестных сведений об этиологии и патогенетических механизмах тиреоидита Хашимото. Материалы и методы исследования. Дизайн исследования включает обзор литературных источников по теме. Для реализации поставленной цели был использован аналитический метод - анализ авторских статей. Поиск проводился в базах данных Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, по поисковым словам, «тиреоидит Хашимото», «патогенез тиреоидита Хашимото», «этиология тиреоидита Хашимото», «аутоиммунные нарушения щитовидной железы», «аутоиммунные заболевания» и другим. При изучении научных работ определяющими критериями были вид исследования, объем выборки и используемый материал, наличие статистической обработки данных, подтверждающей достоверность результатов. Материалы и методы были проанализированы за последние 20 лет. Выбраны 18 авторских зарубежных источников.
Сравнительная характеристика клинической и иммунологической картины различных стадий заболевания ревматоидным артритом
Authors: Сизикова И.Л , Ивах Т.В
Published: July 2023

В данной статье представлены результаты анализа медицинских карт стационарных больных с клиническим диагнозом ревматоидный артрит, проходивших лечение в Республиканской Клинической Больнице имени Г.Я. Ремишевской за период с января 2018 по декабрь 2021 года. В ходе исследования чаще всего встречались пациенты с развернутой и поздней стадией заболевания. В развернутую стадию происходит активация эндотелия, высвобождение провоспалительных цитокинов, металлопротеиназ, образование ревматоидных факторов и иммунных комплексов. Отмечается стойкая патология суставов, трофические изменения кожи, ревматоидные узелки. Для поздней стадии ревматоидного артрита характерна соматическая мутация и дефекты апоптоза синовиальных клеток, в результате чего в клинической картине преобладают тяжелые, необратимые деструктивные процессы в суставах, развитие внесуставных проявлений и осложнений заболевания.
Спортивная анемия: причины и последствия
Authors: Юсупова Д.Р , Илюшин О.В
Published: July 2023

В данной статье рассматривается возможность появления спортивной анемии, ее возможные причины и влияние на результаты спортсменов.
Acne. Manifestations of post-acne
Authors: Kurmanalieva A.U , Buranchieva A.J
Published: July 2023

This article provides information about acne, provides information on the frequency of occurrence in different age groups, manifestations and complications. Post-acne includes a symptom complex of secondary rashes that have developed as a result of the evolution of various elements of the acne rash and manifested by a violation of skin pigmentation and the formation of cicatricial changes
Do we have an epidemic of syphilis in Russia?
Authors: Vsevolodova A.K , Brekhova S.N
Published: July 2023

This work is devoted to the issue of syphilis spreading in Russia. The authors analyze the incidence dynamic for the last 20 years, represent the stages and symptoms of the disease and describe the problems of its treatment and prevention. For the practical part a survey among students of NWSMU named after I.I. Mechnikov about their awareness of syphilis was conducted. According to the results the authors recommend the introduction of sex education lessons for teenagers in schools.
Оценка противомикробной активности линкомицина на основе его физико-химических свойств in vitro
Authors: Катаева Н.Н , Костарева Е.С
Published: July 2023

В статье представлены результаты измерений водородного показателя и удельной электропроводности водных растворов антибактериального препарата линкомицина разной концентрации. Изучена способность линкомицина к адсорбции на адсорбентах разной химической природы. Дана теоретическая оценка взаимосвязи исследуемых свойств раствора антибиотика и его антимикробного действия.
Применение информационных технологий в тренировочном процессе курсантов, занимающихся легкой атлетикой и лыжной подготовкой
Authors: Аксенова А.Н. , Гордиенко Е.Г.
Published: July 2023

При содействии информационных технологий мониторинг подготовки спортсменов любых видов спорта становится более информативным, точным и индивидуальным. Современные информационные технологии, представленные в частности использованием смарт-часов, позволяют это сделать. Смарт-часы могут вести круглосуточный учет тренировочной деятельности и физического состояния организма тренирующегося спортсмена. Данное устройство также может быть использовано тренером-преподавателем для составления индивидуального плана подготовки спортсмена, исходя из анализа его текущей физической подготовленности и реакции организма на тренировочную нагрузку. Цель нашего исследования – мониторинг тренировочной нагрузки курсантовспортсменов с использованием смарт-часов. В исследовании принимали участие курсанты, занимающиеся в группе спортивного совершенствования по легкой атлетике и лыжной подготовке Кузбасского института ФСИН России. Наше исследование доказало эффективность использования смарт-часов в тренировочном процессе.
Влияние занятий йогой на психоэмоциональное
Authors: Зайцева В.В. , Шеронов В.В.
Published: July 2023

Статья посвящена выявлению психологических проблем студентов и необходимости введения занятий йогой на занятиях физической культурой. Авторское исследование направлено составление комплекса йоги для студентов высших учебных заведений на основе полученных теоретических знаний.
Влияние физической культуры на учебную деятельность студентов
Authors: Огуречников Д.Г. , Султанов А.Д.
Published: July 2023

В данной статье рассматривается влияние физической культуры на учебную деятельность студентов, так как физическая активность и двигательное воспитание являются естественной частью обучения. Также были рассмотрены причины, по которым обучающиеся не занимаются двигательной активностью и проанализированы задачи для привлечения учащихся к занятиям физической культурой в целях формирования личности, сохранения и укрепления здоровья.
Особенности занятий оздоровительным бегом как средством укрепления сердечнососудистой системы
Authors: Челнокова В.В. , Николаева И.В.
Published: July 2023

В данной статье рассматривается актуальная на сегодняшний день тема – занятия оздоровительным бегом как средством укрепления сердечно-сосудистой системы. Проанализировано исследование, целью которого было определить влияние бега на наше здоровье. Исследование проводилось на группе студентов, которые выполняли специальную программу упражнений и измеряли частоту сердечных сокращений.