bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF ACCOUNTING POLICY OF TRADE ENTERPRISES
Authors: Shmyhel Olha
Published: August 2021

Purpose. The aim of the article is the development of separate elements and stages of accounting policy of trade enterprises taking into account their adaptation to the international standards of accounting and financial reporting.

Methodology of research. The theoretical and informational basis of the study were the works of leading economists in the field of accounting, as well as national and international standards of accounting and financial reporting. In the process of research general and special methods were used, in particular: the method of classification allowed to differentiate the main components of accounting of trade enterprises, and the method of description gave them a detailed description; the monographic method is used in the study of literature sources on the creation of the main aspects of the accounting policy of commercial enterprises; the system and analytical method is applied at processing of the received information.

Findings. Approaches to determining the peculiarities of trade enterprises and accounting are considered. Identification characteristics and values for drawing up the accounting policy of trade enterprises are substantiated. The main problems that arise when compiling the accounting policy of commercial enterprises are identified. The place of accounting policy in the accounting and analytical system of trade enterprises is determined. Options for organizing the accounting policy of commercial enterprises in compliance with international standards of accounting and financial reporting are considered.

Originality. The peculiarities of the organization of the accounting policy of trade enterprises with observance of the international standards of accounting and financial reporting are substantiated.

Practical value. The obtained theoretical and applied recommendations can be used to improve existing approaches to the accounting policy of commercial enterprises.

Key words: trade enterprise, accounting policy, stages of development, elements of accounting, development technology, reporting, accounting standards.
PECULIARITIES OF THE FORMATION OF SECURE CYBERSPACE IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: Revak Iryna , Gren Roman
Published: August 2021

Purpose. The aim of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of the formation of secure cyberspace in the digital economy, to substantiate the activities of law enforcement agencies to prevent cybercrime.

Methodology of research. The theoretical basis of the study were the fundamental provisions of modern economic theory, scientific works of scientists, regulations and legislation of Ukraine on cyber security and the development of the digital economy. To achieve this goal, the following general and special methods were used: abstract and logical (to substantiate the key characteristics of the information space in the context of growing digital economy), system (to consider the relationship between different departments and businesses to develop measures to combat transnational crime), inductive logic (in the study of law enforcement activities to prevent real and potential cybercrime), deductive (to determine effective means of security control in the management of cyber threats), system and structural analysis (to identify and analyse patterns, trends and features of the digital economy).

Findings. The peculiarities of a secure virtual environment in the conditions of digital economy development are studied, taking into account the specifics of information society formation and digitalization of economic relations, development of economic processes, in particular their entry into the international digital market. Problematic issues of information and cyber security are outlined. Emphasis is placed on the development and implementation of technologies to protect and counter cyber-attacks, cyber risk management and evaluation of the effectiveness of safe cyberspace control. Effective means of counteracting the commission of crimes in the digital economy are analysed, perspective directions of ensuring law and order in cyberspace are substantiated.

Originality. The scientific novelty lies in the substantiation of theoretical and methodological provisions and applied recommendations for the formation of secure cyberspace in the digital economy, the formation of the institutional basis for the integration of government and business structures based on information technology.

Practical value. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the development of scientific and applied recommendations for combating cybercrime in the work of law enforcement agencies.

Key words: digital economy, digital technologies, digitalization, cyber security, cybercrime, cyber threats, cyberspace, information and communication technologies.
FINANCIAL FRAUD AND SECURITY
Authors: Honchar Liubov , Malakhova Anzhela , Nevkypila Olha
Published: August 2021

Purpose. The aim of the study is to characterize the features of financial fraud in enterprises and in people’s lives, to identify identification criteria and substantiate practical recommendations for ways to minimize it in modern conditions.

Methodology of research. The methodological basis of the study was scientific methods of cognition, based on a systematic approach to solving problems. A number of general and special scientific research methods were used to achieve this goal and obtain research results: dialectical; monographic (when processing scientific publications); system analysis (in the study of types of financial fraud and security of the population); method of analogies and comparisons (in the study of international practice for the prevention of financial fraud); comprehensive analysis (in the formation of conclusions and proposals for solving the tasks) and others.

Findings. The article reveals the problems of financial fraud in the current conditions of instability of Ukraine’s economy. Based on the analysis of theoretical and methodological approaches, the essence of the category "fraud" is revealed. Peculiarities of manifestation of different types of financial fraud at enterprises are given, such as: embezzlement or theft by an employee; fraud by managers or managers; investment scams; fraud on the part of suppliers; fraud on the part of the customer or client. The main methods of counteracting financial fraud at enterprises are revealed, in particular: unexpected inspection of the enterprise; legendary check; internal investigation of fraud; obtaining information from open sources. A study of the main modern types of financial fraud against individuals, in particular: social engineering; streaming; phishing; theft of a financial phone number; financial pyramids. The statistical indicators of the negative consequences of the activities of financial fraudsters in Ukraine are given. The directions of avoiding the negative consequences of illegal actions are determined, such as: non-dissemination of one’s personal data; non-disclosure of bank card information, passwords from private accounts on the bank’s website; not opening letters in the mail from suspicious addresses; careful inspection of the ATM before its use; cover the keyboard when entering the PIN code of the bank card; do not install suspicious programs; not to believe offers with earnings of super profits, etc.

Originality. For the first time, a comprehensive analysis of the manifestation of various types of financial fraud was carried out and practical recommendations were substantiated on the directions of their minimization, taking into account the best foreign experience.

Practical value. Proposed recommendations for combating financial fraud based on the results of the study will help to increase the level of financial security of the population of Ukraine.

Key words: financial fraud, financial security, social engineering, streaming, phishing, financial pyramids.
FORMATION AND ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY OF CORPORATE STRUCTURES IN AN UNSTABLE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Bahlei Rostyslav
Published: August 2021

Purpose. The aim of the article is the consideration of theoretical and organizational aspects of forming an effective system of economic security of corporate structures.

Methodology of research. A dialectical method of cognition of economic laws, a systematic approach to the study of economic phenomena, as well as a monographic, abstraction, abstract and logical methods were used to achieve this goal. The methodological basis of the study was theoretical developments of scientists in the analysis of the essence and economic content of the category “economic security”. The monographic method was used in the study of literature on economic security, system and analytical – in processing the information.

Findings. The meaning of the concept “economic security of the enterprise” and “economic security of the corporation” is defined. The priority directions in ensuring security and the principles on which the system of ensuring economic security of the corporation is based are highlighted. The mechanism of formation of economic security of the corporation which is based on various approaches and indicators for prevention and levelling of their dangerous displays is offered.

Originality. Approaches to the interpretation of scientific definitions of “corporation”, “economic security of the enterprise” are generalized, which allowed to define the concept of “economic security of the corporation”, to form a methodological basis for corporate security of companies; outline the priorities, goals and key objectives of ensuring the economic security of corporations while identifying external and internal threats to the security of corporate structures.

Practical value. The obtained results of the study will help increase the efficiency of formation and development of economic security of corporations and will serve as a basis for further research in this area.

Key words: corporation, economic security, principles, system of providing economic security.
RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE FINANCIAL SECTOR OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF CYBER THREATS AND POST-PANDEMIC ECONOMIC RECOVERY
Authors: Demchyshak Nazar , Shkyria Anastasiia
Published: August 2021

Purpose. The aim of the article is substantiation of approaches of domestic and foreign scientists to risk management in the financial sector of Ukraine in the context of cyber threats and the need to ensure national security and post-pandemic economic recovery.

Methodology of research. General scientific and special methods of scientific research are used in the article, in particular: induction, deduction, scientific abstraction - to reveal the essence of the concepts of "cyber threat", “cyber security" and "digitalization"; statistical and graphical methods - to assess the current situation in the field of cyber defence in the world and the national cyber security index; methods of analysis and synthesis - in substantiating the conclusions of the research.

Finding. Definitions of cyber risk, approaches to its interpretation and classification were considered. The importance of cyber security in the digitalization of the national economy was argued. The Strategy of Ukrainian Financial Sector Development until 2025 is analysed. The world statistics of frequency and losses due to cyber-attacks are studied and the cyber threats that caused the greatest losses in Ukraine are identified. The analysis of Ukraine’s positions in the National Cyber Security Index 2020 is carried out. The directions of cyber threat prevention that can be useful for Ukrainian companies are substantiated.

Originality. The author’s definition of the term "cyber risk" is proposed, in which special attention in focused on the effects of cyber threats. The importance of cyber risk management in the conditions of inevitability of digitalization in the financial sector of Ukraine is substantiated. Approaches to the prevention of cyber-attacks, the implementation of which is necessary for the successful digital transformation of Ukraine, are proposed.

Practical value. The results of the research will contribute to the formation of an effective risk management system in the financial sector of Ukraine in terms of digitalization of the financial space and post-pandemic recovery of the national economy.

Key words: national security, cyber risk, cyber threat, cyber defence, digitalization, post-pandemic recovery, fintech.
ETYMOLOGY CONCEPT OF THE “ECONOMIC INCLUSION” IN THE CONTEXT OF CYCLIC DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMY
Authors: Voichuk Maksym
Published: August 2021

Purpose. The aim of the article is defining theoretical approaches and conceptual bases to the concept of inclusiveness in the economy in order to form new methodological approaches to the study of economic processes at the meso and micro levels.

Methodology of research. The methods generally accepted in economics were used in the course of the research, in particular: monographic, system and structural (to determine the meaning of the concept of economic inclusion in the context of cyclical economic development).

Findings. The analysis and systematization of theoretical approaches to the definition of the category “inclusion” in the economy are carried out. It is established that the process of inclusion in the economy is a tool to increase people`s participation in the creation, distribution, and consumption of economic goods. The necessity of distinguishing between the concepts of “inclusive growth” and “inclusive development” on the basis of the theory of economic cycles is substantiated. It is determined that economic inclusion is a tool for achieving the priorities of sustainable economic development. It is proved that the use of inclusion as an operational tool of the sustainable development paradigm is aimed at ensuring long-term and sustainable results of economic development at the micro and meso levels.

Originality. The necessity of deepening the scientific discourse of economic inclusion, which requires localization and application of the principles of descending governance, is substantiated. For the first time, it is proposed to make a clear distinction between the processes of inclusive growth and inclusive development, which, in contrast to existing approaches, expands the theoretical and methodological basis for the study of economic inclusion at different levels of the economy.

Practical value. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the possibility of integrating inclusive approaches to development strategies and forming practical tools for inclusive development and supporting inclusive growth of micro and meso economic entities by government agencies and representatives of business structures.

Key words: inclusiveness, sustainable development, inclusive growth, inclusive development.
VEGETABLE GROWING IN THE FOOD MARKET SYSTEM: PECULIARITIES, TENDENCIES, PROSPECTS
Authors: Rud Victoria
Published: August 2021

Purpose. The aim of the article is the analysis of the current state of vegetable production in Ukraine, identification of the main problems of its development, identification of areas for stabilization and improving the efficiency of the vegetable sub-complex in the future.

Methodology of research. The methodological basis of the study was scientific papers on the formation and functioning of the vegetable market. The following methods were used: dialectical, abstract and logical, system analysis (theoretical generalizations and conclusions); mathematical and statistical, the method of expert assessments (when establishing a rating assessment of the level of vegetable yield).

Findings. The analysis of production indicators, sown areas and yield levels of major crops for the period 2000-2019 in Ukraine, Europe and the world was carried out. The peculiarities of the development of the vegetable sub-complex in the system of the national food market are determined. Aspects of formation of food security of Ukraine on the basis of an estimation of levels of manufacture and consumption, volumes of export and import are considered. The level of food security of the country in 2015 and 2019 was determined by calculating the indicator of economic affordability of products and indicators of adequacy of consumption of different groups of products in Ukraine in 2019. The reasons of unsatisfactory condition of the vegetable sub-complex are analysed, the general strategy and priority directions of development of vegetable growing and melon growing and processing branch for the period till 2025 are stated.

Originality. The study of trends in the development of the vegetable industry for the 20-year period (2000-2019) in Ukraine, CIS countries, regions of the world and a comparison of the rate of change of these indicators for this period was further developed.

Practical value. The results of the conducted study can be used in the development of sectoral and regional strategic policy documents for the development of vegetable growing, as well as agricultural enterprises in determining further guidelines for their own development.
Key words: food security, vegetable growing, production dynamics, consumption, innovative development.
FORMATION OF INVESTMENT RISKS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN UKRAINE
Authors: Berliak Halyna , Mahnushevska Tetiana
Published: August 2021

Purpose. The aim of the article is to study the situation and develop practical recommendations for improving approaches to investment risk management under the influence of adverse factors caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methodology of research. The following methods were used in the study: theoretical synthesis and observation (to identify investment risks and determine their possible consequences), comparison and analysis (to study the experience of countries in overcoming the situation caused by the coronavirus pandemic), tabular (to visualize risks and possible methods for overcoming them), generalization (for theoretical generalization and formulation of conclusions). The study is based on the hypothesis that the identification of investment risks will help to choose an effective investment policy of the state and attract the necessary investment resources needed for the development of our country and overcoming the crisis caused by the global coronavirus pandemic.

Findings. Approaches to determining investment risks among domestic researchers are generalized. The impact of risks on the state of the economy in general and investment activities in particular is considered, and the possible consequences of economic, social, informational, political and technological risks on investment processes in the country are also determined. Possible options for dealing with the situation caused by the pandemic in various countries, including Italy (development of a financing program for manufacturers of medical devices), the United States (tax rebates for manufacturers related to the fight against COVID-19), Canada subsidies for training and development of digital skills of the population), Egypt (reduction of prices for natural gas and electricity for certain industries).

Originality. Proposals were developed to overcome the consequences of the negative impact on the country’s economy caused by the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic.

Practical value. Substantiated on the results of the study, the proposals can be used by public authorities and business structures to take measures to prevent the negative consequences of investment risks and attract investment resources to overcome the economic crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic.

Key words: investment risks, investment policy, uncertainty, investment climate, COVID-19 pandemic, investment activity, investment security.
The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles
Authors: Das Nabojit , Kumar Akash , Rayavarapu Raja Gopal
Published: August 2021

Plasmonic metal nanoparticles are widely used for many applications due to their unique optical and chemical properties. Over the past decade, anisotropic metal nanoparticles have been explored for imaging, sensing, and diagnostic applications. The variations and flexibility of tuning the size and shape of the metal nanoparticles at the nanoscale made them promising candidates for biomedical applications such as therapeutics, diagnostics, and drug delivery. However, safety and risk assessment of the nanomaterials for clinical purposes are yet to be made owing to their cytotoxicity. The toxicity concern is primarily due to the conventional synthesis route that involves surfactants as a structure-directing agent and as a capping agent for nanoparticles. Wet chemical methods employ toxic auxiliary chemicals. However, the approach yields monodispersed nanoparticles, an essential criterion for their intended application and a limitation of the green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts. Several biocompatible counterparts such as polymers, lipids, and chitosan-based nanoparticles have been successfully used in the synthesis of safe nanomaterials, but there were issues regarding reproducibility and yield. Enzymatic degradation was one of the factors responsible for limiting the efficacy. Hence, it is necessary to develop a safer and nontoxic route towards synthesizing biocompatible nanomaterials while retaining morphology, high yield, and monodispersity. In this regard, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and carrageenan as capping agent for nanoparticles can ensure the safety. Carrageenan has the potential to act as antibacterial and antiviral agent, and adds enhanced stability to the nanoparticles. This leads to a multidimensional approach for utilizing safe nanomaterials for advanced biomedical and clinical applications.
Preparation of mono-substituted malonic acid half oxyesters (SMAHOs)
Authors: Xavier Tania , Condon Sylvie , Pichon Christophe , Le Gall Erwan , Presset Marc
Published: August 2021

The use of mono-substituted malonic acid half oxyesters (SMAHOs) has been hampered by the sporadic references describing their preparation. An evaluation of different approaches has been achieved, allowing to define the best strategies to introduce diversity on both the malonic position and the ester function. A classical alkylation step of a malonate by an alkyl halide followed by a monosaponification gave access to reagents bearing different substituents at the malonic position, including functionalized derivatives. On the other hand, the development of a monoesterification step of a substituted malonic acid derivative proved to be the best entry for diversity at the ester function, rather than the use of an intermediate Meldrum acid. Both these transformations are characterized by their simplicity and efficiency, allowing a straightforward access to SMAHOs from cheap starting materials.
GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN KINERJA KEUANGAN
Authors: Megawati Happy
Published: August 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of good corporate governanceon financial performance. The independent variable in this study isgood corporate governance which is proxied as board of directors, board ofindependent commissioners, audit committees, managerial ownerships, andinstitutional ownerships, while the dependent variable of this study is financialperformance which proxied as return on assets (ROA). The sampleused in this study were 24 state-owned companies listed on IDX for the2015–2019 period. The sampling method used is non-probability sampling.This study uses secondary data in the form of annual reports for the 2015–2019 period which obtained from the company’s official website. The datacollected were then analyzed by multiple linear regressions using SPSS 25.The results of this study show that board of independent commissionershave negative effects on ROA. This means that the greater the number ofboard independent commissioners, the lower the ROA will be. The resultsalso show that other independent variables, namely board of directors, auditcommittees, managerial ownerships, and institutional ownerships haveno effect on ROA.
Deradicalization Programs: Recommendations for Policy and Practice
Authors: Horgan John
Published: August 2021

Involvement in violent extremism is not a one-way street. People can, and do, leave violent extremist movements. Understanding how and why they leave (or want to leave) constitutes actionable knowledge that brings immense practical benefits. Such knowledge may help in designing initiatives aimed at persuading people to leave violent extremist groups as well as reducing the risk of re-engagement in violent extremism in the future. Deradicalization programs have much to offer but they are not a magic solution to a highly complex, fluid problem. Not everyone who engages in violent extremism is necessarily going to benefit from such interventions, and no program can ever expect to produce complete success. Yet, they continue to show promise. Deradicalization programs can be effective for some and, if subjected to greater evaluation efforts, may prove far more beneficial than is currently believed. Despite an abundance (and apparent increase) in programming, a continued lack of evaluation work both fuels skepticism and hinders our ability to believe that there is a strong future for these programs.
CREATIVE RECONSTRUCTIONS OF POLITICAL IMAGERY IN AN INSTAGRAM-BASED ELECTION CAMPAIGN: IMPLICATIONS FOR VISUAL RHETORICAL LITERACY
Authors: Molek-Kozakowska Katarzyna , Kampka Agnieszka
Published: August 2021

This article reviews literature on visual rhetoric in political campaigning and synthesizes several strands of current research devoted to the rhetorical potential of communicating with visuals in online environments. It uses rhetorical concepts of identification and manoeuvring, as well as the category of topos, to discuss the implications of an abductive analysis of a coded corpus of 1976 Instagram images posted during 2019 election to the European Parliament campaign in Poland. On this basis, the article offers recommendations related to the awareness of topoi in visual rhetoric to foster users’ creative inventory. In the context of increasingly strategically designed and creative online political communications, scholarship should offer guidance on how to parse images according to how they (mis)represent political reality to fit the purposes of elite communicators, and how to challenge them.
Role of Suprathermal Runaway Electrons Returning to the Acceleration Region in Solar Flares
Authors: Alaoui Meriem , Holman Gordon D. , Allred Joel C. , Eufrasio Rafael T.
Published: August 2021

During solar flares, a large flux of energetic electrons propagate from the tops of reconnecting magnetic flux tubes toward the lower atmosphere. Over the course of the electrons’ transport, a co-spatial counterstreaming return current is induced, thereby balancing the current density. In response to the return-current electric field, a fraction of the ambient electrons will be accelerated into the runaway regime. However, models describing the accelerated electron beam/return-current system have not previously taken these suprathermal runaway electrons into account self-consistently. We develop a model in which an accelerated electron beam drives a steady-state, sub-Dreicer co-spatial return-current electric field, which locally balances the direct beam current and freely accelerates a fraction of background (return-current) electrons. The model is self-consistent, i.e., the electric field induced by the coevolution of the direct beam and the runaway current is considered. We find that (1) the return-current electric field can return a significant number of suprathermal electrons to the acceleration region, where they can be further accelerated to higher energies, runaway electrons can be a few tens of percent of the return-current flux returning to the nonthermal beam’s acceleration region, (2) the energy gain of the suprathermal electrons can be up to 10–35 keV, (3) the heating rate in the corona can be reduced by a factor of 3 for medium range injected fluxes in comparison to models which neglect the runaway component. The results depend on the injected beam flux density, the temperature, and density of the background plasma.
A Necessary Condition for Supernova Fallback Invading Newborn Neutron-star Magnetosphere
Authors: Zhong Yici , Kashiyama Kazumi , Shigeyama Toshikazu , Takasao Shinsuke
Published: August 2021

We numerically investigate the dynamics of a supernova fallback accretion confronting with a relativistic wind from a newborn neutron star (NS). The time evolution of the accretion shock in the radial direction is basically characterized by the encounter radius of the flow r
enc and a dimensionless parameter

ζ
≡
L

/

M

̇

fb

c

2

, where L is the NS wind luminosity and

M

̇

fb

is the fallback mass accretion rate. We find that the critical condition for the fallback matter to reach near the NS surface can be simply described as

ζ
<

ζ

min

≡

GM

*

/

c

2

r

enc

or

r

enc

L

/

GM

*

M

̇

fb

<
1

independent of the wind Lorentz factor, where M
* is the NS mass. With combining the condition for the fallback matter to bury the surface magnetic field under the NS crust, we discuss the possibility that the trifurcation of NSs into rotation-powered pulsars, central compact objects, and magnetars can be induced by supernova fallback.
Multiwavelength Evidence for a New Flare-mode Transitional Millisecond Pulsar
Authors: Strader Jay , Swihart Samuel J. , Urquhart Ryan , Chomiuk Laura , Aydi Elias , Bahramian Arash , Kawash Adam , Sokolovsky Kirill V. , Tremou Evangelia , Udalski Andrej
Published: August 2021

We report the discovery of a new low-mass X-ray binary near the center of the unassociated Fermi GeV γ-ray source 4FGL J0540.0–7552. The source shows the persistent presence of an optical accretion disk and exhibits extreme X-ray and optical variability. It also has an X-ray spectrum well-fit by a hard power law with Γ = 1.8 and a high ratio of X-ray to γ-ray flux. Together, these properties are consistent with the classification of the binary as a transitional millisecond pulsar (tMSP) in the subluminous disk state. Uniquely among the candidate tMSPs, 4FGL J0540.0–7552 shows consistent optical, X-ray, and γ-ray evidence for having undergone a state change, becoming substantially brighter in the optical and X-rays and fainter in GeV γ-rays sometime in mid-2013. In its current subluminous disk state, and like one other candidate tMSP in the Galactic field, 4FGL J0540.0–7552 appears to always be in an X-ray “flare mode,” indicating that this could be common phenomenology for tMSPs.
A Qualitative Study Inquiry among Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers: What have They Felt?
Authors: Kusnanto Kusnanto , Alfaqih Mohamad , Padoli Padoli , Arifin Hidayat
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) caused physical and psychosocial problems and the risk of amputations and death.

AIM: The aim of the study was to overview the feelings of diabetes mellitus patients with DFU.

METHODS: A phenomenological qualitative study design was undertaken from January to April 2020. A total of 25 patients with DFU were determined through the purposive sampling technique. The study was conducted among the patients undertaking home-based wound care in Bojonegoro, Indonesia. The proposed discussion guidelines were used to collect the data through in-depth interviews. Colaizzi’s technique was used to analyze the data and it was managed by NVIVO.

RESULTS: We emerged two themes: Psychological and physiological response of patients with DFU and coping mechanisms in caring DFU. Among the patients with DFU, we determined their psychological responses and coping mechanisms as reported in this study.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with DFU are expected to be able to control themselves psychologically. Health workers such as doctors and nurses can provide interventions by considering the psychological condition of patients with DFU. A good psychological condition can ensure that their blood sugar is regulated properly.
Sperm Quality and Deoxyribonucleic Acid Fragmentation after 5 and 10 min Centrifugation with Swim-Up Processing Technique: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Halim Binarwan , Angellee Jesselyn , Lubis Hilma Putri , Bachsinar Bob
Published: August 2021

AIM: This study aimed to assess the difference in sperm concentration, total motility, progressive motility, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation index (DFI) before and after processing with 5 and 10 min swim-up (SU).

METHODS: Fifty patients who met the study inclusion criteria from June 2020 to October 2020 were subjected to routine semen and sperm DNA fragmentation analysis. Each of the samples was then divided into three tubes, one as control and the others were processed using the SU method with 5 and 10 min centrifugation time, respectively. After being processed, the samples were subjected again to routine semen and sperm DNA fragmentation analysis. The results were being compared among three groups.

RESULTS: The sperm concentration after 5 and 10 min SU (27.78–39.79 and 35.36–51.09, respectively; p < 0.05) was significantly higher compared to fresh semen (24.85–32.33). The total motility before and after 5 and 10 min SU were 43.78–51.08, 97.66–98.20, and 97.86–98.20, respectively. The progressive motility after 5 and 10 min SU (0–41 and 0–54, respectively) was significantly higher than fresh semen (0–24; p < 0.05). The DFI was significantly better after 5 min SU (3.82–6.98) compared to fresh semen and after 10 min SU (13.48–19.04 and 1–25, respectively; p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Prolonged centrifugation time may yield a higher number of sperm concentration and motility, but it may also lead to a higher DFI. Hence, a shorter centrifugation time should be used for a better semen quality intended for assisted reproductive technologies.
Effective Social Marketing Campaign Can Promote Family Medicine Clinics Utilization: An Intervention Trial
Authors: Ebrahim Eman Elsayed Sedik , Ali Mayssa Ibraheem , Foda Mohamed Adel , Bosila Eman Ibrahim
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: Although it is well established that family medicine/primary care is the backbone of a successful healthcare system, family medicine clinics (FMC) services are still underutilized. Social marketing can be used as an effective approach to increase people’s awareness and change their attitude and behaviors related to primary care then promote service utilization.

AIM: The objective of this study is to detect the causes of underutilization of FMC services and to study the role of a social marketing campaign on increasing the utilization of these services.

METHODS: This is an experimental study where 1120 participants attending the primary health care center were interviewed pre- and post-campaign to assess the rates of FMC services utilization and the causes of underutilization. A 3 months social marketing campaign was held through internal and external marketing seminars then evaluating the campaign effect through service output indicators and comparing questionnaires’ results pre- and post-campaign.

RESULTS: Underutilization of FMC services was caused mainly by the lake of knowledge about the presence of service (94.9%) and this decreased postcampaign to be (75.9%). The new patients attending the FMC increased from 61 to 2093, the frequency of weekly visits of the regular attenders increased by 32% and the number of new files opened post-campaign increased by 56%.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: Social marketing is a successful technique to increase the utilization of the services provided by FMC. According to the results, it is recommended to promote social marketing activities to increase awareness of the FMC services and improve its utilization.
Monophasic Synovial Sarcoma of the Left Ventricle of the Heart: An Extremely Rare Case and Literature Review
Authors: Muthmaina Anindhita , Dwianingsih Ery Kus , Sarasati Shinta Andi , Purnasidha Bagaswoto Hendry , Mumpuni Hasanah
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: Cardiac sarcomas account for <25% of all cardiac tumors. Of these, angiosarcomas are the most frequent. Synovial sarcomas (SS) are exceedingly rare. We present a case of primary left ventricle (LV) SS, a form of sarcoma particularly rare in the heart.

CASE DESCRIPTION: A 19-year-old male was referred for further investigation of a LV tumor, presented with a 3-month history of exertional dyspnea and palpitations. He also experienced several syncopal episodes. The radiologic examination confirmed a mass in the LV, suspected for myxoma of the LV. Histopathologic examination revealed a malignant tumor with spindle cell components, suggesting leiomyosarcoma with differential diagnosis of monophasic SS. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated reactivity of the spindle cell component with the mesenchymal marker vimentin and BCL2 protein, while the smooth muscle marker, desmin, was negative, confirming the diagnosis of monophasic SS.

CONCLUSIONS: Monophasic SS in the heart is diagnostically challenging since it shares the broad list of differential diagnoses of spindle cell tumors. Immunostaining is helpful to differentiate those entities to obtain a definitive diagnosis and proper treatment.
The Use of Eosinophil Count in Predicting the Need of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patient for Treatment in Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Wira Suastika Ngakan Ketut , Suega Ketut
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: Identification of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who have the potential to become critical cases at an early stage and providing aggressive therapy can reduce the mortality rate. AIM: This study aims to determine the diagnostic value and differences of eosinophil counts in patients with COVID-19 who require treatment in intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU. METHOD: The prospective study was conducted on 382 patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were hospitalized from May to September 2020. Samples were obtained through consecutive sampling techniques. Mann–Whitney analysis was used to determine the difference of eosinophil counts in COVID-19 patients who require treatment in ICU and non-ICU. Receiver operating curve analysis was used to determine the diagnostic value of eosinophil count to predict the need of COVID-19 patients for treatment in ICU. RESULTS: There is a significant difference in the absolute and percentage eosinophil count in COVID-19 patients who need treatment in ICU and non-ICU. The area under the curve of absolute and percentage eosinophil count to predict the need of COVID-19 patients for treatment in ICU is 0.659 and 0.738, respectively. The best cutoff value, sensitivity and specificity of absolute and percentage eosinophil count is <0.025 × 103 μL and <0.25%; 77.7% and 78.3%; and 50.0% and 57.1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The eosinophil count can be used as a biomarker to predict the need of COVID-19 patients for treatment in ICU.
The Efficacy of O-Mac®, Patent Video Laryngoscope, and Conventional Laryngoscope for Intubation in the Operating Room
Authors: Sepmiko Jorza , Senapathi Tjok Gde Agung , Wiryana Made , Kurniyanta I. Putu , Widnyana I. Made Gede , Jaya Sutawan Ida Bagus Krisna
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: Management of the airway in patients undergoing surgery is increasingly difficult. The airway management in the operating room in terms of the initial action of anesthesia is very important. Video-laryngoscopy has been shown to provide a better view of the larynx’s structure compared to direct visualization.

AIM: We describe our experience using a custom made and inexpensive tool for a video-laryngoscopy.

METHODS: This is an experimental research with single randomized clinical trial conducted at the Anesthesiology Department of Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar. There were 270 patients divides into three group with conventional, O-Mac® and Mc-GRATH™ BF laryngoscope, aged 18–65 years old, with Mallampati grade 1–2, randomly selected, and signed informed consent.

RESULTS: Intubation time fastest with O-Mac® median 26 (15–36) s, p = 0.000. Laryngoscopy time fastest with O-Mac® median 5.5 (2–13 s), p = 0.000. O-Mac® does not use many tools, p = 0.000. All three did not produce tissue damage with results p = 0.007. Hemodynamic changes p = 0.000.

CONCLUSION: The O-Mac® is superior in terms of laryngoscope time and intubation time compared to the Mc-GRATH™ BF blade and has the same level of safety as the patented Mc-GRATH ™ video laryngoscope, and better than conventional laryngoscopes.
Religion, classe sociale et comportement politique : l’épreuve de l’élection singulière de 2017
Authors: Dargent Claude
Published: August 2021

Fondé sur des données françaises recueillies dans les années 1960, le livre de G. Michelat et M. Simon Classe, religion et comportement politique établissait l’existence d’une bipolarité à la fois religieuse et politique, les catholiques se situant à droite, les irréligieux à gauche. Soixante ans plus tard, au vu de l’élection présidentielle de 2017, ce constat demeure pertinent. Au premier tour, la religion continue d’être le facteur explicatif le plus important du clivage gauche-droite. Elle devance dans l’ordre le patrimoine, l’âge, le groupe socioprofessionnel, le niveau de diplôme et le genre. La nouveauté majeure est que les musulmans, apparus entretemps, dépassent les sans-religion sur leur gauche. Échappant partiellement au clivage gauche-droite, E. Macron et M. Le Pen pâtissent tous deux au premier tour d’une réticence des catholiques les plus intégrés. Confrontés à ces deux seules candidatures au second, les catholiques préfèrent la candidate du Front national, l’écart avec les musulmans devenant alors considérable. Mais la classe sociale pèse également lourd, les cadres optant massivement pour le futur président – à la différence des classes populaires.
Sur les sentiers du natal
Authors: Abdelouahed Houria
Published: August 2021

Lorsque – dans Al-Kitâb ( Le Livre ) – le poète Adonis décide de revenir à son pays, au lieu des retrouvailles joyeuses avec le familier, la mémoire mise en mouvement convoque plutôt des images cauchemardesques qui sourdent du plus enfoui du natal. Le lieu censé offrir un abri devient synonyme du désabri provoquant ainsi un sentiment d’inquiétante étrangeté ( Das Unheimlich). Or l’inquiétante étrangeté ne se réduit pas au retour du plus enfoui du natal, ni au dédoublement du moi du poète. Elle est au cœur même de la langue dont la plénitude enveloppante contient des cassures. Ainsi, le familier, le heimliche , s’avère le «  Unheimliche propre au langage ». La lettre engendre « une angoisse de langue ou dans la langue ». Expressions d’Edmundo Gomez Mango auquel cet article rend hommage.
Sehnsucht , Un désir en attente
Authors: Schniewind Alexandrine
Published: August 2021

Cet article explore la teneur du mot allemand «  Sehnsucht  » qui reste intraduisible dans la langue française. Le but est de montrer, à titre d’exemple pour de nombreux mots freudiens intraduisibles, l’effet de certains mots étrangers sur les traducteurs et lecteurs. Au-delà du côté frustrant par le fait qu’ils restent impénétrables à la langue dans laquelle on cherche à les transposer, ils sollicitent l’imaginaire du traducteur qui va jusqu’à devoir chercher un néologisme pour en rendre compte. Ces intraduisibles, doublement étrangers, provoquent une forte impulsion interprétative chez les lecteurs, ce qui les mène au plus près du mot original.
Un petit fait vrai
Authors: Gribinski Michel
Published: August 2021

Les récits cliniques restituent – et trahissent – ce qu’ils souhaitent obtenir. Relu vingt-cinq ans après, un récit clinique qui, avec d’autres considérations, répondait au titre de « L’étranger dans la maison », a donné à l’auteur l’impression fugitive d’être étranger à la cure et à lui-même. C’est que la profession de la personne en analyse, inventée en apparence pour de bonnes raisons, a désorganisé ce qui aujourd’hui semble la vérité du cas (mais demain ?). Fort du précédent de Bion dans Réflexions faites , l’auteur critique comme il peut son propre récit déjà ancien.
Tenir le trouble : quelques fragments sur l’étranger
Authors: de Azambuja Miguel
Published: August 2021

L’étranger est toujours pensé en lien avec son couple opposé : natif, propre, autochtone, intime, connu. Il y a toujours une relation de tension entre ces deux termes. C’est le lieu d’une bataille dans laquelle l’un veut faire disparaître l’autre, le refouler, le supprimer et supprimer ainsi le trouble qu’il suscite. Ce terme malmené, c’est l’étranger. Au contraire, la psychanalyse ne cherche pas à faire disparaître ce trouble, mais à le convoquer. Nous explorons cette proposition de manière fragmentaire dans cet article.
Genre, exil et terre de l’entre-deux
Authors: Caraman Francine
Published: August 2021

Nombreux sont les jeunes gens qui quittent leur genre d’assignation pour instaurer une aire d’entre-deux qui floute les frontières des identités sexuées. Ils entreprennent un voyage qui, selon l’accueil qui leur est réservé, les laissera en exil ou permettra de vivre ensemble l’étrangeté qu’ils donnent à voir. Ils rêvent ainsi d’engendrer un nouveau langage qui s’affranchisse de la dualité hommes/femmes et voilent l’accès à la scène inconsciente. Sans trancher dans la langue, l’épreuve de l’étrangèreté de l’Inconscient peut permettre, en faisant jouer ensemble masculin et féminin dans l’entre-deux des langues de la séance, de transformer un exil radical en un exil plus banal, celui qui est au cœur de l’humain.
L’étranger, c’est celui qui disparaît. Sur L’Amérique de Franz Kafka
Authors: Veinstein Léa
Published: August 2021

L’œuvre de Kafka regorge d’étrangers : arrivants, immigrés, émigrés, personnages étrangers à leur propre corps. Le lecteur ressent cette absence de repères avec une certaine évidence : nous sommes chez Kafka déboussolés. Mais dès lors qu’il s’agit de qualifier ces personnages précisément nous voilà démunis. Kafka ne les nomme jamais, ne choisit pas. Que dit cette absence de nom, et que signifie l’embarras idiomatique qu’il suscite ? Cet article tente de cheminer à partir de lui, en passant par L’Amérique – roman dont la situation narrative est de ce point de vue la plus littérale : Karl Rossmann arrive en Amérique, territoire d’émigration dont il va peu à peu être pourtant exclu, sur le plan politique, métaphysique, et existentiel.
Le rôle conjoint de la France et de la Grande-Bretagne dans le développement initial de la Commission européenne du Danube (1856-1878)
Authors: Pipaud Patrice
Published: August 2021

Le traité de Paris du 30 mars 1856, qui acte la naissance de la Commission européenne du Danube prend en compte les problématiques fluviales en les intégrant dans une évolution ambitieuse du droit européen, souhaitée par la France et la Grande-Bretagne. Du Congrès de Paris à celui de Berlin en 1878, les deux premières décennies de l’existence de la commission voient la volonté conjointe et les compétences partagées des deux puissances parvenir à une amélioration spectaculaire de la situation du bas Danube. Malgré les divergences nées d’intérêts économiques différents, et les résistances des empires centre-orientaux (Autriche, Empire ottoman, Russie), l’impulsion franco-britannique donne naissance, sur le Danube, à une expérience pionnière de projection de l’Europe à ses confins orientaux.
La controverse sur le statut religieux de la Sarre (1921-1925) : heurt de logiques entre le Quai d’Orsay et le Vatican
Authors: Coquet Édouard
Published: August 2021

Entre 1921 et 1925, le Quai d’Orsay cherche à obtenir l’autonomie ecclésiastique du Territoire de la Sarre à l’égard des diocèses allemands, afin d’utiliser le clergé au service de la politique d’influence que mène la France en vue du référendum prévu en 1935. C’est l’un des objectifs principaux que fixe le Quai d’Orsay au rétablissement des relations diplomatiques avec le Saint-Siège (1920-1921). La controverse suscitée par le refus du Saint-Siège est révélatrice des divergences de vue entre les deux parties sur les rapports entre les sphères politique et religieuse : alors que la France reste fidèle à une politique de contrôle du catholicisme, considéré comme un vecteur d’influence, le Saint-Siège défend désormais sa pleine autonomie en matière religieuse à l’égard des États.