bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A network analytic approach to measuring emotional granularity
Authors: Hoemann Katie , Fan Miaolin , Engen Haakon , Chou Chun-An , Quigley Karen , Gendron Maria , Barrett Lisa Feldman
Published: July 2020

Emotional granularity describes an individual’s ability to create instances of emotion that are diverse and context-specific. Considerable evidence suggests that higher emotional granularity is a protective factor for mental and physical well-being. In the present study, we examined emotional granularity using a network analytic approach that produced multi-dimensional, time-varying measures. Individuals with higher granularity exhibited person-specific emotion networks that were less dense, comprised of a greater number of communities of emotions, and organized by a greater diversity of connections. Individuals with higher granularity also exhibited greater network change over time. Network measures of emotional granularity predicted self-reported anxiety and depression, even when controlling for other variables known to be associated with mood symptoms, such as self-reported alexithymia and emotional reactivity. Taken together, these findings serve as a proof-of-concept demonstration of the efficiency of network analysis for describing the dynamic structure of emotional experience.
Introducing the Qualitative Pretest Interview (QPI) for questionnaire development
Authors: Buschle Christina , Reiter Herwig , Bethmann Arne
Published: July 2020

Cognitive interviews have become one of the most important pretest methods in the development and evaluation of questionnaires. Different techniques such as thinking aloud or various probing approaches analyse the comprehensibility and interpretation of questions, uncover difficulties of respondents in answering questionnaires as well as underlying causes. A desideratum of this approach is the methodological framing for which we make a proposal in this article. Direct research interaction in pretest situations can be regarded as an act of understanding others in the sense of qualitative-interpretive social research. On this basis, we discuss the advantage of methodically integrated communication strategies of two established qualitative survey methods - the problem-centred interview and the discursive interview - for the development of a distinct pretest interview approach. It adopts the techniques of the cognitive interview and expands them by the essentially social character of processes of clarifying comprehension. We introduce the term Qualitative Pretest Interview (QPI) in order to avoid the possible narrowing of the understanding of pretest procedures to the problem of ambiguous cognitions. Finally, we reflect on the potential of this approach for standardized survey research.
Natural Argument by a Quantum Computer
Authors: Penchev Vasil Dinev
Published: July 2020

Natural argument is represented as the limit, to which an infinite Turing processconverges. A Turing machine, in which the bits are substituted with qubits, is introduced. Thatquantum Turing machine can recognize two complementary natural arguments in any data.That ability of natural argument is interpreted as an intellect featuring any quantum computer.The property is valid only within a quantum computer: To utilize it, the observer should be sitedinside it. Being outside it, the observer would obtain quite different result depending on thedegree of the entanglement of the quantum computer and observer. All extraordinary propertiesof a quantum computer are due to involving a converging infinite computational process contentingnecessarily both a continuous advancing calculation and a leap to the limit. Three typesof quantum computation can be distinguished according to whether the series is a finite one, aninfinite rational or irrational number
Time and information in the foundations of physics
Authors: Penchev Vasil Dinev
Published: July 2020

The paper justifies the following theses: The totality can found time if the latteris axiomatically represented by its “arrow” as a well-ordering. Time can found choice andthus information in turn. Quantum information and its units, the quantum bits, can beinterpreted as their generalization as to infinity and underlying the physical world as wellas the ultimate substance of the world both subjective and objective. Thus a pathway ofinterpretation between the totality via time, order, choice, and information to the substance ofthe world is constructed. The article is based only on the well-known facts and definitions andis with no premises in this sense. Nevertheless it is naturally situated among works and ideasof Husserl and Heidegger, linked to the foundation of mathematics by the axiom of choice, tothe philosophy of quantum mechanics and information.
Acumulación de desventajas en América Latina: aportes y desafíos para el estudio de la desigualdad
Authors: Saraví Gonzalo A.
Published: July 2020

La acumulación de ventajas y desventajas representa un planteamiento teórico que no ha sido suficientemente explotado en nuestra región para el análisis de la desigualdad social. Sin embargo, resulta clave para explorar sus expresiones cotidianas, algunos de los mecanismos que la generan, y repensar un estado de bienestar que pretenda su disminución. Con este propósito, se rastrean los orígenes y fundamentos teóricos de este concepto, se identifican y analizan diversos procesos y modalidades de acumulación, y se sistematizan críticamente los principales estudios realizados en nuestra región. En las conclusiones se realiza una evaluación del camino recorrido, y se desarrollan algunas líneas potenciales de investigación futura a partir de esta perspectiva. El artículo intenta ser una contribución a la consolidación teórica y empírica de la producción latinoamericana sobre este tema.
Sincronicidades entre la transición sanitaria y la segunda transición demográfica en Argentina durante la primera década del siglo XXI
Authors: Fanta Javiera , Tumas Natalia
Published: July 2020

Este trabajo analiza los procesos de la transición sanitaria (TS) y de la segunda transición demográfica (STD) en Argentina durante la primera década del milenio actual. A partir de la revisión de literatura especializada y utilizando bases de datos oficiales, se proponen indicadores empíricos para su evaluación y se examinan las articulaciones entre ambos procesos. En total, se seleccionaron y describieron 31 indicadores considerados proxy de estos procesos, para las 23 provincias argentinas y la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Posteriormente se realizó un análisis de clúster jerárquico y aglomerativo, siguiendo el método de Ward. Se identificaron cuatro clústeres de jurisdicciones argentinas, cuya distribución fue valorada espacialmente. Los clústeres presentaron diferentes grados de avance en ambas transiciones. Los hallazgos muestran que en el país existe un gradiente socioeconómico en la conformación de los clústeres, y que la sincronicidad entre la STD y la TS se expresa a escala espacial y social.
Unusual Cause of Acute Abdominal Pain in a Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Patient
Authors: Koch Timothy , Nath Anand , Paul Bikram K. , Golocovsky Mario , Shope Timothy R. , Koch Timothy
Published: July 2020

Abdominal pain after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is an important potential complication. Perforation of an
ulcer in the excluded duodenum is a rare occurrence in a patient who has undergone gastric bypass. We
present a case of a 61-year-old female with a history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, who presented with acute
right upper quadrant abdominal pain, which began 1 week after starting treatment with ibuprofen. The
evaluation revealed tachycardia, epigastric/right upper abdominal tenderness and leukocytosis. CT abdomen
without contrast, ultrasound examination and nuclear medicine scan of the gallbladder were unremarkable.
Upper endoscopy revealed an ulcer just distal to her gastrojejunostomy. At exploratory laparotomy, a wellcontained perforation was identified on the anterior duodenal bulb. The perforated ulcer was debrided, the
intestine closed with sutures and a drain was left in the abscess cavity. Conventional endoscopic access to
bypassed duodenum and stomach is difficult after gastric bypass. In this case, the patient ingested oral
ibuprofen and developed both a marginal ulceration as well as an ulceration of the excluded duodenal bulb.
The latter finding is consistent with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug side-effect developing via a
hematogenous exposure.
A Case Report on Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy and Review of the Literature
Authors: Jugmohansingh Gailann , Jugmohansingh Gailann , S Medford , V Sharma , C Ramsingh , C Beharry , D Meyers , R Banfield
Published: July 2020

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare, benign neoplasm of neural crest origin that
most commonly occurs in the first year of life. The craniofacial area is affected 90% of the time with the
maxilla being the affected site in the majority of cases. It has a recurrence rate of up to 27% and is associated
with malignant transformation in up to 6.5% of patients. The current case describes the clinical presentation
and management of a 3-month old male infant with MNTI of the maxilla. Following initial presentation, the
tumor grew rapidly to compromise the aerodigestive tract. Surgical resection was performed and the
adjacent bone was burred. There has been no clinical recurrence over a 4-year period of follow up.
Oral Mucosal Manifestation of Lupus Erythematosus: A Short Review
Authors: Hsieh Ricardo , da Costa Marques Elisa Raquel Martins , Silva Raquel , Hsieh Ricardo
Published: July 2020

Lupus Erythematosus (LE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease, characterized by a wide
spectrum of manifestations of variable evolution. Among the various organs involved, the skin is one of the
most frequent site, sometimes being the first manifestation of the disease. The frequency of oral mucosal
manifestations is variable, between 9 to 45% of SLE and 3 to 20% of Chronic Cutaneous Lupus
Erythematosus. Oral mucosal manifestation of LE can present themselves in different ways and their
description is varied in different studies. Oral Lupus Erythematosus is histopathologically characterized as
an interface mucositis with hyperkeratosis, alternating epithelial hyperplasia with atrophy, changes in
epithelial maturation, vacuolization of the basal layer, thickening of the basement membrane by Schiff's
periodic acid staining and superficial and deep lymph-histiocytic infiltrate in the lamina propria, which can
show focal, interstitial, perivascular location or in a tight epithelial band. The etiopathogenesis of LE is the
result of a complex interaction between various pathogenic factors and remains unclear. Several
mechanisms are known to participate in the process, such as: genetic, hormonal, environmental,
autoantibodies and cellular components of the skin and the immune system. The treatment of LE, including
oral mucosal manifestation, is a complex and multidisciplinary process, which is based on preventive
measures, inflammatory process modulation and control, organ injury prevention, relief of the symptoms.
The oral mucosal manifestation of LE is a rare condition, it could be observed and diagnosed by many health
professionals, mainly by dentist, stomatologist, dermatologist and otolaryngologist, knowledge and depth
study of OLE is needed by these professionals, thus, the sooner the disease is diagnosed, the better prognosis
and quality of life can be given to the patient.
Demographic Factors Associated with Congenital Malformations Among Young Infants in Fallujah Maternity and Children Hospital, Fallujah City, Iraq
Authors: T.Abdulghani Samira , T.Abdulghani Samira
Published: July 2020

Background: Congenital anomalies are a major cause of infant morbidity and mortality in developing
countries including our country. Registries and data on these anomalies are still primitive and poorly
collated. In this study we aimed to assess the important demographic factors associated with the
development of congenital anomalies.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study involving 880 infants in the 1st year of life
registered in the birth defect unit in Fallujah Maternity and Children Hospital in the period between 1st of
January 2017 to the 31st of December 2019. The prevalence rate, the pattern of anomalies and the factors
associated with their occurrence were determined.
Results: The prevalence rate of the group enrolled in this study was 31/1000 total births, congenital heart
defects was the commonest followed by central nervous system anomalies, 58% of the infants were males,
65% had ≥ 2.5 kg birth weight & 95% were singletons. Family history of congenital anomalies was found
in 31.25% of cases. The largest group of mothers (55.7%) were 21-30 years old & 92.5% of fathers were
less than 45 years old. Parental consanguinity reported in 64.3% of the total cases. Only 4.5% of mothers
reported history of fever during pregnancy, and none of them had history of exposure to x-ray or teratogenic
drug use. Gestational hypertension was reported in 10% of the total (880) mothers, hypertension and
diabetes mellitus in 0.3%, while hepatitis C, hepatitis B, toxoplasmosis and epilepsy, each was reported in
only one mother (0.1% of the total). Regarding the outcome of pregnancy, 66.6% were live births, 24.2%
were abortions and 9.2% were stillbirths. History of previous abortions was reported in 22% of cases. Urban
residents accounted for 63% of the families of congenitally abnormal infants while 37% were rural.
Conclusion: Congenital anomalies are still a major cause for concern and tension in Fallujah society, there
is serious need to establish a surveillance and good statistical system for congenital anomalies and efforts
should be made to raise awareness of their occurrence and the associated risk factors in Iraq and other
developing countries.
The Clinical and Treatment Challenges Posed by COVID-19
Authors: Pandarakalam James , Pandarakalam James
Published: July 2020

Medical profession was unprepared to face the corona virus pandemic and the pharmaceutical
armamentarium is currently not robust enough to combat with SARS-CoV-2. Drugs that are used for other
medical conditions are also on trial to treat COVID-19. The pandemic is bound to pose psychological and
economical sufferings. Testing, treatments and vaccine are the three tools to combat with COVID-19. It is
feared that this viral infection would lead to an amplification of existing mental health issues and result in
a surge of cases of PTSD and depression. Senior citizens and people with compromised immunity becomes
more vulnerable to this toxic pathogen. A sound knowledge of all aspects of COVID-19 becomes essential
to deal with the aftermaths of this unprecedented pandemic and mental health professionals will have to
refresh their knowledge of virology and immunology. All the medical specialities will have to work together
to defeat the novel virus.
Adolphe Quetelet’s Premonition Two Centuries after: Besides Its Implications in Physiology (Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes), Its Paramount Importance in Human Pregnancy
Authors: Robillard Pierre-Yves , Robillard Pierre-Yves
Published: July 2020

Adolphe Quételet (1796-1874) proposed in 1835 the “Quételet index”, which was re-discovered in 1972
by Keys et al. under the acronym “Body Mass index”, BMI. The author makes an historical overview of
the evolution of this BMI and its interest in medical science and anthropometry. Nowadays this BMI
appears to be involved in a mathematical linear law concerning the gestational weight gain in human
pregnancies. Getting rid of the current fuzzy recommendations concerning the optimal weight gain for
each woman in pregnancy, this may have paramount consequences for the future. When confirmed,
Quételet’s proposal will appear as a further Copernician revolution in human anthropometry.
Interaction between Statins and Omega 3 Poly-unsaturated Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Disease: Synergistic or Not?
Authors: GUENNEC Jean-Yves LE , Céline Forel , Laureen Messager , Camille Sierra , Ivette Contreras , Simon Légère , Solène Pessiot-Royer , GUENNEC Jean-Yves LE , Marie Demion
Published: July 2020

Up to the middle of the 2000’s, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were considered has having
cardioprotective properties. Patients having a myocardial infarction were supplemented with these
fatty acids in secondary prevention of myocardial infarction. Since then, many randomized clinical
trials failed to observe the cardioprotective effects previously described. The main hypothesis to
explain such change is the systematic prescription of statins to patients following a myocardial
infarction, statins interfering with the homeostasis of omega 3 fatty acids. This review discusses the
effects of different forms of omega-3 in association with statins on cardiovascular disease and
emphasize on the interaction between statins and omega 3 fatty acids leading to the possible need to
use higher dose of fatty acids to get a synergistic effect.
A Rare Case of Malignant Lung Cancer in a 20-Year-Old Patient: Possible Diagnostic Pitfalls
Authors: Porcellini Iride , Porcellini Iride , Patella Miriam , Valenti Antonio , Cafarotti Stefano
Published: July 2020

We present a case of a 20-year-old male with a rare form of malignant lung cancer. The patient had a long
history of respiratory symptoms that have been repeatedly treated as a pulmonary infection. Despite several
hints of the ineffectiveness of the therapy, the diagnosis and definitive surgical treatment were made 4
months after the onset of symptoms. Our aim is to highlight the importance of an efficient diagnostic process
within multidisciplinary discussion and to warn clinicians on potential pitfalls related to unusual clinical
presentation.
Repair with Gonadal Vein Patch in the Unexpected Left Renal Vein Injury During Donor Nephrectomy
Authors: Yüzbaşioğlu Mehmet Fatih , İşler Ali , Yüzbaşioğlu Mehmet Fatih , Topuz Sezgin , Boz Alper , Peker Onur , Özer Nazmi
Published: July 2020

Objective: The objective of this presentation is to share our experiences with an unusual repair of a defective
graft renal vein using an own gonadal vein, which occurred iatrogenically during a laparoscopic donor
nephrectomy.
Case Report: A 35-year-old man with situs inversus totalis was referred to our clinic for a living-related
renal transplant with a diagnosis of end-stage renal disease. The donor was 66-year-old mother of the patient.
Laparoscopic left donor nephrectomy was planned for his mother . At the end of laparascopic disection renal
vein tear occurred during the renal extraction. Without any intervention renal extraction was performed to
maintain the patency of renal allograft and to stabilize the donor. Partial hemorrhage from renal vein was
brought under control. Donor nephrectomy was completed with a defective remaining segment of renal
vein. We decided to repair with gonadal vein patch ın the unexpected renal vein injury. Patch from tearing
part of renal vein with short gonadal vein repairment was performed. After repairment of graft renal vein,
anastomosis to external iliac vein was performed. The trans-plant procedure was completed successfully.
The kidney functioned immediately. Doppler ultrasound revealed that perfusion of the kidney was normal.
The postoperative creatinine levels of recipient were in the normal ranges. Daily urine output was normal.
Conclusion: Repairment of a defective graft renal vein by using own gonadal vein seems to be a simple,
safe, and reliable method. This technique provides an alternative approach for the reconstruction of vessels
in living-donor kidney transplants.
MILITARY TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY
Authors: Voloshina E.E.
Published: July 2020

On the basis of the sources and research material, an attempt was made to characterize and evaluate the military transformations of the second half of the 19th century in the territory of the Don Army Region. In the course of the reforms, the system of administration of Voisky Don has changed, the service life has been reduced, and the training of officers has been improved. The military reforms carried out contributed to improving the combat capability of the Kazakh troops, although they were limited
ARE THREE «SACRADE» TOWNS «GIFTS» FROM THE PART OF THE RUSS TO THE SLAVES...?!
Authors: Dvoryankin O.A.
Published: July 2020

The article is about the study of the historical events able to correct the way of treating some facts belonging to the past which mightinfluence the course of history not only of Russia but the whole world either.The authors analyse the «sacrade» foundation and development of three towns which used to situate on the territory of one state, but now they are in two independent countries.
DYNAMICS OF HIGHER MENTAL FUNCTIONS AT YOUNGER ADOLESCENT
Authors: Fotekova T.A. , Bogomolova K.A.
Published: July 2020

Provided are results of a study of the dynamics of higher mental functions in young adolescents obtained in the course of a longitudinal study are presented. For three years, schoolchildren underwent a complete neuropsychological examination, and the obtained data were processed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric criteria of Friedman and Wilcoxon. The revealed dynamics of higher mental functions is multidirectionalin nature: along with the general positive trend, there will be a decrease in some indicators, primarily related to the functions of the right hemisphere, because younger adolescence is accompanied by the onset of puberty.
PECULIARITIES OF THE MOTIVATIONAL SPHERE OF STUDENTS OF A PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGE
Authors: Ogorodnikova T.G. , Klopova O.V.
Published: July 2020

This article discusses in detail the results of a psychological study of motivational characteristics of students receiving secondary special and higher pedagogical education. The purpose of the empirical study was to determine the motivational relevance of the future profession of students-teachers. The authors test the assumption that students studying at teachertraining colleges and universities have similar motives for choosing a place of study. The study shows that students-teachers who receive secondary special and higher education, when choosing the profile of further education, were guided by external motivators that are not related to educational activities, such as: advice from parents, advice from friends, proximity to the place of residence, a wide range of communication, etc. The main conclusion of the work was the conclusion that students-teachers studying both in colleges and universities, only partially correspond to the chosen profession, both of them do not have an internal motivation to receive pedagogical education, there is no desire to work in the future in the specialty
Issues on Arabic Scriptures in Malay/Indonesia Language: A Study of its Contributions in the Development of Regional Culture, Language & Literature Literacy
Authors: Kembaren Mardiah Mawar , Noor Noordin Mohd , Lubis M. Husnan
Published: July 2020

This paper touches on the important role of Islam in Malay literature and culture   literacy, in the region. Malay literary and cultural treasures that were originally oral traditions have changed after the local community has embraced the teachings of Islam that bring along the Arabic scripture or Arabic writing system. This system of Arabic writing has greatly influenced Malay literature and culture. This paper therefore explores academically the role, contribution and discussion regarding the future of Arabic Scripture in the region. It would not be too much to say that it was the Arabic writing system that made the Malay community illiterate. This paper is expected to benefit not only to those who study literature and linguistic but for those with a background in Islamic studies too to study the regional literature and culture, especially those related to Malay studies.
Illocutionary Acts in President Rodrigo Duterte’s Speech.
Authors: Wardana Muhammad Kiki , Roy Sumita , Ariska Juan
Published: July 2020

This research attempts to figure out the speech act of President of The Republic of The Philippines, Rodrigo Duterte, particularly in identifying types of the Illocutionary act and Perlocutionary act in SONA Forum. The researcher is keen to explore duterte’s speech because Duterte is notorious for his unfavorable remarks. Therefore, by investigating his speech through the analysis of his speech act in the selected speech, the researcher will prove whether the speech contains the perlocutionary acts of insulting or not. This research also focuses on utilizing Searle’s theory on Illocutionary acts exemplifies 5 different types of illocutionary acts namely Assertive which is divided into stating, suggesting, boasting, complaining and claiming. Another type is Directives which comprises of ordering, commanding, requesting, advising and recommending. Expressive type comprises thanking, congratulating, pardoning, blaming, praising, and condoling. Commisive type includes promising, vowing, and offering. The last type is Declaration. The researchers use descriptive qualitative method by doing transcription of the speech and meticulously analyze every word.
The Factors in the Emergence of Smallholder Rubber Plantation in Tapanuli: 1906 - 1942
Authors: Edi Sumarno  , Ginting Junita Setiana , Karina Nina , Lubis M. Azis Rizky
Published: July 2020

Latex has become more useful ever since the discovery of vulcanization methods, for it is used for the automotive industry and the manufacturing of electrical appliances. This then makes the price of latex soar as a result of high market demand for this white sticky thick ‘liquid’. Thus, it makes people interested in investing in rubber plants because they are considered to have a significant economic impact. Apart from the economic factors offered, there are other factors that are no less important, namely land, capital, laborer, and the existence of a market place for trade. These factors should be the main factors. Because, if these factors do not hold, the people in Tapanuli will still not be able to enjoy it however high the price of rubber is.
Neko ‘Cat’ in Japanese Idioms (Meaning and Figure of Speech Analysis)
Authors: Gapur Abdul , Taulia  , Pujiono Mhd.
Published: July 2020

Generally, idioms are formed with words related to the sense of taste, human body, color, numbers, growth, natural objects and animals. In this study, a Japanese idiom that is formed from neko ‘cat’ is discussed. This study is a qualitative research that aims to find out the lexical and idiomatical meaning of the idiom containing word neko and the figure of speech. The data are idioms with the word neko in 101 Japanese Idioms by Michael L. Maynard, and website (https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp). The results are that 13 idioms that use neko. Some idioms have a difference between lexical and idiomatic meaning. However, there is a link between the lexical and idiomatical meaning with the cultural and historical approach of the lexical used. Data contained in the 8 figure of speech Metaphor, namely neko mo shakushi mo (猫 も 杓 子 も), neko ni koban (猫に小判), neko no hitai (猫の額), neko ni matatabi (猫にまたたび), neko in katsuobushi (猫に鰹節), neko no kubi ni suzu o tsukeru (猫の首に鈴を付ける), neko no ko ippiki inai (猫の子一匹いない), neko o koroseba shichidai tataru (猫を殺せば七代祟る. Then 5 figure of speech are included in metonymy, namely neko no te mo karitai (猫の手も借りたい), neko o kaburu (猫 を か ぶ る), karite kita neko (借りてきた猫), neko o ou yori sakana o noke yo (猫を追うより魚をのけよ), and neko o ou yori sara o hike (猫を追うより皿を引け).
The Identity Issue of the Colonized and the Colonizer in Cloud Nine by Caryl Churchill
Authors: Putri Liza , Clayton Katherine
Published: July 2020

One of the significant points in post-colonial literature is identity issues. The analysis of these identity issues should be focused not only on the colonized character but also the colonialist. It is obvious why post-colonial scholars are concerned with the colonized as they are the victims of colonialism. However, the colonizer must also face complex issues of identity when arriving in the colonial place. The purpose of this article is to examine the identity issues undergone by Joshua, the colonial subject, and by Clive, the colonizer, with reference to Cloud Nine by Caryl Churchill in the colonial period. The concept of hybridity by Homi Bhabha can explain the issue of Joshua’s identity since he has “double” portrays of the identity as legacy of colonialism. Bhabha created the terms the “third space” or the “in-between” to describe the condition of the colonized people. Clive as the colonizer used to be a person without particular authority in his own country before arriving to the colonial land. Suddenly, his identity has shifted into someone who has privileges and authority. The colonizer’s identity is not complete without the colonized. The colonized and the colonizer depend on each other. The colonized and the colonizer’s identities will be fragmented if one of them is missing.
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Buah Naga Desa Nunmafo Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara (Study Kasus Kelompok Tani Oefeu)
Authors: Naiheli Mauritius Leu
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran umum usahatani dan faktor produksi yang mempengaruhi produksi buah naga di Kelompok Tani  Oefeu Desa Nunmafo Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai Mei 2019. Teknik  pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara sensus. Metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif kualitatif dan model analisis Cobb-Douglass. Gambaran usahatani buah naga meliputi persiapan lahan, penanaman, pemeliharaan, panen dan pasca panen. Pada uji F, variabel luas lahan, jumlah bibit, pupuk, penggunaan tenaga kerja dan lama pengalaman usahatani berpengaruh  terhadap produksi buah naga. Variabel luas lahan, jumlah bibit, pupuk, dan tenaga kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi buah naga. Variabel pengalaman usahatani tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi buah naga.
Business analysis of cattle fattening using agribusiness paradigm (case study at Molan beef cattle livestock) in West Binjai Regency, North Sumatera Province
Authors: Haloho Ruth Dameria
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the Analysis of Molan Cattle Fattening Business Analysis. This research was carried out at the Molan Cattle Fattening Business in Tanjung Jati Village, Binjai District, Binjai City. The research is a case study. The selection of research locations with consideration of the business of Molan Cattle Farming is a profitable business. The data were collected by doing observation and direct interviews. The Data were analysis with descriptive and quantitative method. The results showed the total variable costs incurred 1 409 600 000 IDR, fixed costs amounting to 75,000,000 IDR with 1 950 000 000 IDR in revenues. The profitability value is 31.34%. The results showed the number of cattle fattening as many as 150 heads with income of 465 400 000 IDR. BEP Fattening Molan Cattle Fattening Business is 267,858,142 IDR by maintaining 21 cows. The conclusion of this research is the profitability of Molan Cattle Fattening is 31.34% higher than the interest bank of 6 percent and The Value of BEP as much as 267 858 142 IDR with maintaining 21 tails.
PEMANFAATAN ABU TONGKOL JAGUNG SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF KATALIS BASA PADA PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK JELANTAH
Authors: Adu Risna
Published: July 2020

Pemanfaatan abu tongkol jagung sebagai sumber alternatif katalis basa pada pembuatan biodiesel telah dikaji. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi abu tongkol jagung pada penggunaannya sebagai katalis basa dalam transesterifikasi minyak jelantah. Pengukuran sifat alkali abu tongkol jagung dilakukan dengan AAS untuk menentukan kadar kalium dan uji alkalinitas untuk menentukan kandungan karbonat. Larutan alkali diperolehh melalui pengadukan abu tongkol jagung dalam metanol selama 4 jam dan selanjutnya digunakan untuk reaksi transesterifikasi minyak jelantah dengan variasi massa abu untuk 5, 10, 15, dan 20 gr (rasio molar metanol/minyak 6:1, waktu reaksi 2 jam, temperatur 60 oC dan kecepatan pengadukan dijaga konstan); dan variasi rasio molar metanol/minyak untuk 3:1, 6:1, 9:1 dan 12:1(massa abu optimum). Komponen metil ester hasil transesterifikasi ditentukan dengan GC-MS, sedangkan beberapa sifat fisika dan kimia biodiesel diukur menggunakan metode standar ASTM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar kalium yang terkandung dalam abu tongkol jagung berada dalam bentuk kalium karbonat dengan konsentrasi kalium sebesar 38,76% (b/b). Konversi biodiesel mencapai kondisi optimum pada penggunaan massa abu 10 gr dan rasio molar metanol/minyak 6:1. Berdasarkan data GC-MS dapat diketahui bahwa hasil sintesis biodiesel merupakan metil ester yang didominasi oleh metil linoleat dan metil palmitat. Kualitas produk biodiesel (viskositas dan densitas) memenuhi persyaratan spesifikasi biodiesel menurut SNI 7182-2015. Dengan demikian abu tongkol jagung dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif sumber katalis basa pada transesterifikasi minyak jelantah. Pemanfaatan abu tongkol jagung pada transesterifikasi dapat menambah nilai ekonomis minyak jelantah maupun tongkol jagung.
ANALISIS DIAZINON PADA TANAH LAHAN PERTANIAN MENGGUNAKAN KROMATOGRAFI CAIR KINERJA TINGGI
Authors: Tea Marselina Theresia Djue
Published: July 2020

Suatu metode untuk penentuan diazinon dalam sampel tanah telah dikembangkan. Analit diekstraksi dengan asetonitril dari sampel tanah pertanian. Penentuan dan kuantifikasi diazinon dilakukan dengan menggunakan kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (KCKT) dengan detektor UV. Kondisi optimal untuk analisis diazinon adalah komposisi eluen asetonitril: air 60:40, laju aliran 0,4 mL/menit, dan panjang gelombang 220 nm. Di bawah kondisi optimal, liniearitas diazinon pada konsentrasi 1-25 ppm dengan R2 mendekati 1 yaitu 0,9976. Batas deteksi (LOD) diazinon sebesar 1,19 ppm, sedangkan limit kuantifikasi (LOQ) diazinon sebesar 3,98 ppm. Ketika metode ini diterapkan pada sampel tanah, % recovery diazinon diatas 80%. Maka dapat dikatakan bahwa metode ini valid dan layak untuk analisis senyawa diazinon dalam tanah. Konsentrasi diazinon dalam sampel tanah berada di bawah LOD dan LOQ (0,577 mgL-1). Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sampel tanah yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini tidak mengandung diazinon.
EKSPLORASI JAMUR MAKROSKOPIS DI HUTAN OELUAN KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA
Authors: Pardosi Lukas , Makin Florian Mayesty Prima , Wiguna I Gede Arya
Published: July 2020

Penelitian mengenai keanekaragaman jamur makroskopis di kawasan Hutan Oeluan kabupaten Timor tengah Utara Belum  pernah dilaporkan. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2020 dengan letak geografis 9° 2¢ 48" LS- 9° 37¢ 36" LS124° 4¢ 2" BT- 124°46¢ 0" BT, penelitian ini dilakukan pada empat jalur yang berbeda. Panjang jalur pengamatan adalah 100 m. Metode yang dilakuan pada setiap Jalur pemgamatan di setiap adalah metode jelajah dan Purpossive sampling, berdasarkan keberadaan jamur makroskopis yang dianggap mewakili kawasan tersebut, setelah itu dilanjutkan dengan mencatat jumlah individu, koleksi dan dokumentasi. Pengamatan dan pengkoleksian spesies dilakukan secara eksploratif. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan 9 spesies jamur makroskopis yaitu, Ganoderma aplatum, Earliella scabrosa, Polyporus tenuiculus, Polyporus squamosus, Mikroporus xanthopus, Favolus grammocephalus, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Ganoderma lucidium, Laccaria vinaceoavellaneae
KARAKTERISASI SUBSTRAT DAN SUHU EKSTRAK KASAR LIPASE Aspergillus niger M1407
Authors: Salmon Amelia M , Ledo Mellissa E. S. , Nitsae Merpiseldin
Published: July 2020

Isolasi ekstrak kasar Aspergillus niger M1407 menggunakan medium tepung biji kesambi melalui solid state fermentation telah dilakukan sehingga perlu dilakukan karakterisasi substrat dan suhu untuk menentukan kondisi optimal reaksi enzim substrat ekstrak kasar lipase Aspergillus niger M1407.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil substrat dan suhu ekstrak kasar lipase Aspergillus nigerM1407, Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium (mikrobiologi dan kimia) Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Kristen Artha Wacana Kupang, pada bulan januari 2019 – maret 2019. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terbagi menjadi empat tahapan yaitu pembuatan medium untuk isolat lipase Aspergillus niger M1407; pembuatan medium Solid-State Fermentation selama 7 hari; karakterisasi substrat menggunakan asam oleat +etanol dalam isooktan dan asam oleat + metanol dalam isooktan dan karakterisasi suhu pada variasi suhu 20oC, 30oC, 40oC, 50oC, dan 60oC; serta pengujian Analisis aktivitas lipase menggunakan metode titrasi. Data yang di peroleh di analisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa aktivitas enzim  ekstrak kasar lipase Aspergillus niger M1407 lebih baik pada substrat asam oleat dalam metanol yang memiliki aktivitas 200 U/mL sedangkan karakterisasi suhu, merupakan aktivitas ekstrak kasar lipase Aspergillus niger M1407 memiliki suhu optimum pada suhu 40oC dengan aktivitas enzim yaitu 580 u/mL.
PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL MINYAK JELANTAH MENGGUNAKAN BIOKATALIS EKSTRAK KASAR LIPASE DARI BIJI KESAMBI (Schleichera oleosa L.)
Authors: Nenobahan M A , Ledo M E. S , Nitsae M
Published: July 2020

Biodiesel merupakan salah satu jenis bahan bakar diesel alternatif  yang ramah  lingkungan, dapat diperbaharui dan dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pengganti solar/diesel. Minyak jelantah berpotensi sebagai bahan baku pembuatan biodiesel karena mengandung trigliserida dan asam lemak bebas yang dapat dikonversi menjadi metil ester. Umumnya pembuatan biodiesel dihasilkan melalui reaksi esterifikasi,dan transesterifikasi dengan menggunakan katalis kimia dan biologi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses pembuatan biodiesel menggunakan minyak jelantah dengan biokatalis ekstrak kasar lipase biji kesambi. Tahapan  penelitan yaitu, pemurnian  minyak jelantah, isolasi ekstrak kasar enzim lipase, analisis aktivitas hidrolisis, uji aktivitas transesterifikasi, hidrolisis minyak uji aktivitas esterifikasi, reaksi esterifikasi, pemisahan biodiesel, dan karaterisasi biodiesel. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan  pada uji aktivitas transesterifikasi dilakukan dengan uji regresi linear berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh yaitu densitas 0,8605 g/cm2, viskositas 1.397 mm2/s dan angka asam 0,65 mgKOH/g. Dengan demikian, pembuatan biodiesel minyak jelantah menggunakan biokatalis ekstrak kasar lipase perlu dilakukan dalam upaya pengembangan produksi biodiesel dengan memanfaatan biji kesambi sebagai biokatalis.
Analisis Perancangan Ulang Tata Letak Fasilitas Produksi Dengan Metode Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) Di PT. EJ
Authors: Afifah Nour , Ngatilah Yustina
Published: July 2020

PT. EJ merupakan sebuah perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang manufaktur logam yang memproduksi tungku kompor. Saat ini kendala yang terjadi pada layout di PT. EJ adalah terjadinya backtracking pada beberapa proses stamping tungku kompor, cross movement ketika proses perakitan kaki tungku dengan alas tungku dan jarak perpindahan antara beberapa stasiun kerja yang dinilai terlalu jauh. Berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu yang dilakukan oleh Anwar dkk (2015) pada CV. Arasco Bireuen, penerapan metode SLP dapat menghasilkan pengurangan total momen perpindahan dari 3.284.700 m/tahun menjadi 2.515.500 m/tahun. Sehingga, dilihat dari permasalahan yang dialami, PT. EJ dapat menggunakan metode tersebut untuk menentukan rancangan ulang layout pada lantai produksi berdasarkan nilai momen perpindahan yang dihasilkan. Dari hasil penelitian, diperoleh bahwa rancangan layout yang dihasilkan menunjukkan pengurangan jarak perpindahan bahan dengan efisiensi sebesar 12,80% pada layout alternatif I dan efisiensi sebesar 21,86% pada layout alternatif II, serta pengurangan total momen perpindahan dengan efisiensi sebesar 27,72% pada layout alternatif I dan efisiensi sebesar 44,57% pada layout alternatif II. Sehingga dari ketiga layout, maka layout yang menghasilkan jarak perpindahan dan total momen perpindahan terkecil adalah layout alternatif II.
ANALISA PENENTUAN RUTE PRODUK PUPUK ORGANIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SAVING MATRIX PADA PT. XYZ SURABAYA
Authors: Anggraeni Alfitri Dilla , Rusindiyanto Rusindiyanto
Published: July 2020

Distribusi dan transportasi yang baik merupakan hal penting agar produk dapat dikirim sampai ke konsumen secara tepat waktu, tepat pada tempat yang telah dilakukan dan produk dalam kondisi baik. Keputusan penentuan jadwal serta rute pengiriman menjadi sesuatu yang penting dalam rangka meminimumkan biaya pengiriman, meminimumkan waktu atau jarak tempuh. PT. XYZ mendistribusikan pupuk organik kepada pelanggan hanya untuk kabupaten Malang. Beberapa permasalahan yang ada di PT. XYZ antara lain lokasi pelanggan yang tersebar jaraknya bervariatif dan jumlah permintaan yang berbeda tidak mengimbangi dengan tersedianya jumlah kendaraan serta kapasitas truk yang mencukupi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengatur rute serta menentukan kapasitas dan jumlah kendaraan truk yang mampu meminimalkan jarak tempuh, lama perjalanan dan biaya transportasi dapat digunakan metode saving matrix untuk menangani masalah penentuan rute berdasarkan kapasitas kendaraan. Hasil penelitian menggunakan metode saving matrix di PT. XYZ Surabaya bahwa terdapat 5 rute awal yang muncul dan terdapat 3 rute usulan dengan total jarak adalah 797,02 km dan total jarak awal dari perusahaan adalah 1211,1 km, maka didapatkan total penghematan jarak sebesar 414,08 km atau dengan presentase penghematan jarak sebesar 34,19%. serta total biaya sebesar Rp. 209.885.568,- per tahun dengan biaya rute awal yang sebesar Rp. 307.211.520,- per tahun, maka didapatkan selisih biaya sebesar Rp. 97.325.952,- dan presentase penghematan biaya sebesar 31,68% per tahun.. Jadi dari hasil yang diperoleh, maka metode saving matrix dapat diterapkan dalam penentuan rute optimal dalam pendistribusian, sehingga bisa didapatkan biaya yang minimum.
ANALISA BEBAN KERJA MENGGUNAKAN NASA-TASK LOAD INDEX DI PPSDM MIGAS CEPU
Authors: Akbar Roselline Didik , Sunardi Sunardi
Published: July 2020

PPSDM Migas Cepu merupakan instansi pemerintah yang bergerak pada bidang pengembangan sumber daya manusia di sektor minyak dan gas bumi. PPSDM Migas Cepu juga menyelenggarakan pendidikan dan pelatihan, sertifikasi keahlian dan jasa teknologi dibidang minyak dan gas. Banyaknya jenis pekerjaan yang ditangani membuat para pegawai sering mengalami overtime dan harus mengambil lembur pada hari-hari tertentu. Tuntutan pelayanan dan target yang harus diselesaikan tepat waktu menjadi dasar terjadinya overtime ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui beban kerja yang dialami setiap pegawai pada Bidang Program dan Evaluasi di PPSDM Migas Cepu dengan menggunakan metode NASA-Task Load Index. Dari hasil pengolahan data 18 pegawai, diperoleh rata-rata Weighted Workload (WWL) yaitu sebanyak 7 pegawai berada pada klasifikasi beban kerja yang tinggi dengan range nilai 50-79, sedangkan 11 pegawai lainnya berada pada klasifikasi beban kerja tinggi sekali yaitu pada range 80-100. Untuk rata-rata weighted workload (WWL) secara keseluruhan didapatkan nilai sebesar 81,09 yang berarti seluruh pegawai merasakan beban kerja yang tinggi sekali. Dari enam indikator NASA-Task Load Index, terdapat empat indikator yang memiliki nilai tertinggi yaitu indikator KM, KW, U, dan PK dengan masing-masing nilai sebesar 316,28; 259,89; 255,17; dan 234,2. Dari hasil perhitungan menggunakan metode NASA-Task Load Index perlu adanya perbaikan sistem kerja untuk mengurangi besarnya beban kerja dengan penambahan tenaga kerja, melakukan rotasi kerja dan training/pelatihan rutin.
PENGENDALIAN DAN PERENCANAAN BAHAN BAKU PRODUKSI KERUPUK GUNA MEMINIMALKAN BIAYA PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU DI UD. LB DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE MRP TEKNIK LOT SIZING LFL,EOQ, DAN FPR
Authors: Purnama Dany Hadi Dwi , Pulansari Farida
Published: July 2020

Proses produksi merupakan kegiatan inti dari suatu perusahaan manufaktur. Oleh karena itu perusahaan manufaktur harus mempunyai pelayanan, kebijakan, dan kualitas produk yang dapat diandalkan guna memuaskan konsumen. Sehingga, perlu ditunjang oleh suatu sistem produksi yang efisien. UD. LB merupakan salah satu pelaku industri kerupuk yang ada di kecamatan Mojoagung Jombang, Jawa Timur. Sebagai pelaku industri UD. LB memiliki kendala dalam melakukan proses produksi, terutama pada pengendaliaan bahan baku yang menyebabkan biaya bahan baku yang tinggi. Metode MRP adalah sistem pengendalian dan perencanaan persediaan yang bergantung pada permintaan yang menjadwalkan jumlah kebutuhan bakan baku yang tepat. Dengan tujuan menurunkan total biaya bahan baku pada UD. LB. Dari hasil analisis perhitungan menggunakan metode MRP di dapatkan hasil pengolahan data perhitungan total biaya bahan baku pada periode September 2018 sampai Agustus 2019 dengan teknik Lotting LFL sebesar Rp 3.906.613.280,- ; teknik Lotting EOQ sebesar Rp 3.991.925.701,- dan teknik Lotting FPR sebesar Rp 3.941.763.672,- serta untuk perhitungan rill perusahaan sebesar Rp 4.168.798.849,-. Dari semua hasil perhitungan didapat total biaya terkecil pada metode MRP teknik Lotting LFL dengan efisiensi biaya sebesar 6.2 %.atau dapat menghemat biaya sebesar Rp 262.185.569.- Sehingga metode tersebut dipilih untuk pengendalian dan perencanaan penjadwalan baku periode September 2019 sampai Agustus 2020. Dalam pengendalian dan perencanaan penjadwalan bahan baku periode September 2019 sampai Agustus 2020 digunakan metode peraman Single Exponensial Smoothing SES (Apha= 0,2) dengan nilai MSE sebesar 2,624 untuk meramalkan jumlah permintaan yang akan datang. Hasil proses MRP teknik lotting LFL pada periode September 2019 sampai Agustus 2020 didapatkan total biaya bahan baku sebersar Rp 3.892.137.753,- Kata kunci: MRP, Biaya, Bahan Baku, safety Stock, LFL, EOQ,FPR
Learning and Learning-to-Learn by Doing: An Experiential Learning Approach for Integrating Human Factors into Maritime Design Education
Authors: Abeysiriwardhane Apsara
Published: July 2020

There is a growing awareness in the marine industry that human factors need to be considered in ship design if seafarers are to operate ships and systems safely and effectively. However, according to literature, the ship design practice today does not show explicit consideration of the end-users. This is mostly due to the ship designers’ lack of awareness and understanding about Maritime Human Factors (HF), Human Centred Design (HCD), and the operational issues that ships’ crew are facing during their sea time. This lack of knowledge can be traced back to the current educational system, which does not provide knowledge on HF, HCD approach, and maritime HF issues.

 

The authors conducted this study aiming to integrate HF and HCD knowledge into maritime design students’ educational platform and to motivate them to utilise this knowledge in their designs. Naval architecture students at the Australian Maritime College (AMC) were the participants of this study. Firstly, a classroom survey was conducted to determine the students current level of awareness and understanding of maritime HF and HCD. Then, an onboard survey was conducted after five HF-related activities during a seven-day voyage onboard MV Bluefin, which is the research vessel of AMC. The onboard activities provided the students with an opportunity for experiencing experiential learning including all its key elements based on Kolb’s experiential learning model.

 

The findings demonstrate how students’ onboard experiences influence their learning process by doing, discovering, reflecting, and applying. Students’ understanding of HF issues and the importance of the HCD approach was influenced during the onboard activities. They learned HF theoretical knowledge as an essential addition to their undergraduate curriculum. The results further highlight the experiential learning as a “paradigm of noteworthy learning” that supports multiple learning objectives for learners, including shaping their knowledge through experience.