bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemetaan Sistem Informasi Geografis Jumlah Kabupaten/Kota yang Mengalami Bencana Alam di Provinsi Jawa Tengah Tahun 2021
Authors: Nilna Rusyda Widyaningsih  , Bambang Agus Herlambang  , Ahmad Khoirul Anam
Published: July 2024

Natural disasters have become the focus of global attention because of their widespread and often destructive impacts. In national strategic planning, BNPB Head Regulation No. 2 of 2012 regarding disaster risk management is stated, which states that disaster vulnerability mapping is important for disaster mitigation strategies. This research produces maps and classifications of vulnerabilities in districts/cities in Central Java. Web-based Geographic Information System with case studies on the number of districts/cities experiencing natural disasters in Central Java Province in 2021 aims to provide information to users regarding disaster location points. This is intended so that people who want to know areas prone to natural disasters and avoid these locations can easily use it. With this application, it is hoped that it can be used to obtain information on the location of natural disasters in Central Java Province in 2021.
Analisis Memory Forensics Windows Subsystem for Linux 2 (WSL2) Berbasis Hyper-V pada Windows 11 Berdasarkan Nist 800-86
Authors: Bagas Kurnadi  , Fachrul Ali Nurfadillah  , Muhammad Tegar Sabila
Published: July 2024

In the context of the growing blend of Windows and Linux operating systems through Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL), this study explores forensic memory analysis on Hyper-V-based Windows Subsystem for Linux 2 (WSL2) in a Windows 11 environment using the NIST SP 800-86 method. WSL2, as the latest development of WSL, provides new opportunities in security and digital forensics, but also raises challenges related to security incidents. The study builds on the findings of previous research, focusing on forensic memory applications that have never been applied to WSL2 in Windows 11 before. By choosing Ubuntu 20.04 as the object of research and implementing the NIST SP 800-86 standard. The experimental results were obtained in scenario 1 where without deleting WSL2 all experimental artifacts were obtained or it can be said that artifacts were found by 100%, while in scenario 2 by deleting WSL2 only 2 experimental artifacts were found or by 16.7%. This research aims to provide in-depth insights into forensic analysis on WSL2, provide practical guidance for digital forensics experts in addressing security challenges that continue to evolve as technology evolves, and complement our understanding of security incidents involving a mix of Windows and Linux operating systems in the WSL2 era.
Sistem Penunjang Keputusan Kelayakan Pendonor Darah Menggunakan Metode SAW di UTD PMI Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Moh Syahrul A’dlom  , Khairil Khairil  , Achmad Fikri Sallaby
Published: July 2024

This research aims to design a Decision Support System for Blood Donation Eligibility Using the SAW Method at UTD PMI Bengkulu City. Based on the research, UTD PMI Bengkulu City still uses manual calculations in its data processing and does not use a special application. The calculation system still uses Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel applications which are still less effective and fast. In this research, the method used is SAW (Simple Additive Weighting). This method requires the decision maker to determine the weight of each attribute. The total score for creating an alternative is obtained by adding up all the results of the multiplication between ratings (which can be compared across attributes). The rating for each attribute must be dimension-free in the sense that it has gone through a previous normalization process. In this method, an analysis of the data requirements needed to build the system is carried out, a design plan for the system to be created, compiling and implementing the data that has been obtained into the system. In the new system designed on this occasion several designs were created consisting of designing the File Menu, Data Menu, Process Menu and Report Menu. The programming language used is PHP with a MySQL database.
Perbandingan Pengembangan Sistem Dengan Pendekatan Konvensional dan Low-Code Pada Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penilaian Kinerja Pegawai
Authors: Carissa Maharani Chandra  , Muhammad Rachmadi
Published: July 2024

PT XYZ is a company engaged in the supply of materials, suppliers, and services, especially in the field of electrical equipment, such as generators, mechanical devices, electrical devices, cables, electricity meters, and so on. The company has a total of 26 employees, all of whom are permanent employees. This company has assessed employee performance every month, but it is done using narratives so it is still subjective and there is no ranking. This is certainly very difficult for HR staff in determining the best employees every month. The purpose of this Employee Performance Assessment Decision Support System design is to improve accuracy and efficiency      in calculating employee performance to determine the best employees. In this research, the system development method used is the Rational Unified Process (RUP). This system development also uses two main approaches, which are low- code approach (OutSystems platform) and conventional approach (Laravel framework). From the development using the RUP method, it can develop a    Decision Support System for Employee Performance Assessment for PT XYZ.
Pengaruh Insight Media Sosial Instagram Terhadap Penjualan Produk Online
Authors: Handry Eldo
Published: July 2024

This research was created with the aim of finding out the influence of Instagram social media insights on online product sales on the Instagram social media platform.
Analisis Audit Sistem Informasi Menggunakan Framework Cobit 5 Pada E-Learning (Studi Kasus : Universitas XYZ)
Authors: Putra Djoelham Sembiring  , Boyke Gunawan Manurung  , Win Gomgom Parsaulian Sirait
Published: July 2024

In the era of globalization, information technology is growing rapidly in Indonesia. Globalization is a worldwide integration process that encompasses many aspects of life and is characterized by openness, creativity, sophistication, speed, commitment, excellence, strength and free competition. Education as a field of human resource development requires the integration of modern science and  technology to transform tacit knowledge gained from direct experience and create explicit knowledge that creates new, sophisticated, and competitive products. As an educational institution, XYZ University has implemented information technology to support academic activities such as e-learning service.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Manajemen Inventaris Barang Berbasis Desktop pada CV Kylaboquette
Authors: Muhammad Zaky  , Alil Mu’afi  , Diaz Nuraji  , Muhammad Rio Ferdianto  , Mohammad Abie Syah Harianto
Published: July 2024

This study aims to develop a desktop-based inventory management information system application for CV Kylaboquette. The purpose of this application is to streamline the process of inventory recording, monitoring, and reporting, which has traditionally been done manually. By adopting the Waterfall methodology, the development process includes requirement analysis, system design, coding, program testing, and implementation. The resulting application is expected to enhance operational efficiency, reduce human error risks, and improve service quality. Through this system, CV Kylaboquette can manage inventory in real-time, ensuring accurate and up-to-date information availability.
Meningkatkan Efisiensi Pengembangan Perangkat Lunak Melalui Transparansi dan Kolaborasi dengan Ubuntu
Authors: Syifa Tri Agusriani  , Rina Rina  , Rakhmadi Rahman
Published: July 2024

Efficiency in software development is crucial to meet the increasing demands of the market today. This efficiency encompasses not only faster production times but also maintaining high quality and user satisfaction. Transparency and collaboration have been identified as critical factors in achieving this efficiency. Ubuntu, with its open-source nature, offers various features that effectively support these principles. Software development is a pivotal process in the current technological era, where innovation and development speed are keys to success. Ubuntu, as one of the popular Linux distributions based on open source, has played a significant role in facilitating this process through its transparent and collaborative approach. This article aims to explore how Ubuntu enhances software development efficiency through the principles of transparency and collaboration it upholds.This article will delve deeper into how transparency and collaboration within the Ubuntu ecosystem can significantly contribute to improving software development efficiency. By focusing on these principles, Ubuntu continues to be a top choice in the modern software development world, bringing benefits to developers, companies, and end-users worldwide.
The Sex Lives of College Students: Pleasure, Precaution and Sexual Health Decisions
Authors: Snow Gabriella K. , Roberts Joni K. , Sampath Anusha B.
Published: July 2024

University students engage in a variety of relationship dynamics that are accompanied by diverse sexual experiences; through these encounters, emerging adults may learn more about themselves and their peers. Despite the frequency with which participation in sexual activity occurs within this demographic, sexual health best practices, including consistent use of barrier methods, engagement in STI status conversations with partners, and STI testing per established guidelines, are lacking. The implications are observable, with over half of all new sexually transmitted infections in the U.S. occurring within the 15-24 age group. To explore these trends and deduce why students fail to prioritize their sexual health, this explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was conducted at a large public university in California; it involved a survey (n=540) and subsequent focus groups (n=16), followed by one-on-one interviews (n=35). Survey responses revealed that while students knew how to use and obtain barrier methods correctly, they struggled to do so, citing barriers such as “the heat of the moment,” physical discomfort associated with condom usage, and fear over disturbing partner dynamics. Focus group and interview respondents further divulged that conversations surrounding STI status vary in comfortability depending on the type of relationship, and condom use decisions stem from many interacting internal and external factors. To develop effective sexual health programming materials at the university level, understanding the complex relationships underlying condom-use decision-making is necessary and should be considered when formulating future interventions.
Early Interventions on Children with ASD: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Zhou Haoming
Published: July 2024

This study delves into the developmental outcomes and quality of life perspective in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) following early therapies. The study aims to unveil the efficacy of early interventions that target the myriad issues composing ASD through an exhaustive review of literature coupled with data analysis. It is identified that interventions have the capacity to mitigate basic impairments and nurture adaptive behavior: thus, fostering social interaction and communication, which are critical skills. In this study, the researcher establishes a framework for exploration based on various ethical considerations surrounding the issue and factors like technology and treatment methods that can enhance intervention effectiveness. They play a role not only in helping ASD children but also in their families, contributing towards positive outcomes for all involved parties. Interestingly enough, age along with hours spent studying show a significant correlation with test results underlining the importance of academic engagement alongside developmental maturity indicated by these variables. In a related regression analysis: age and hours studied demonstrate positive relationships with test scores which in turn suggests that early interventions might lead to improvements in academic performance; an aspect worth consideration when devising intervention programs further down the line.
A Research Review on the Impact of English Language Transfer on the Spanish Learning of Chinese Students
Authors: Zou Yitian
Published: July 2024

In the diverse context of multilingual learning, language transfer has garnered significant attention. Spanish, the third most widely spoken language globally, after Chinese and English, is being increasingly explored by learners from various cultural and linguistic backgrounds. The stark differences between Chinese and Spanish create an inevitable influence on the learning process of Chinese students. Their existing knowledge of English as a second language plays a crucial role in shaping their learning of Spanish. As a result, English language transfer has become a crucial topic in the study of Chinese students' learning of Spanish. The purpose of this paper is to analyze previous studies and explore the effects of English language transfer on Spanish grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation Exploring the impact of English language transfer on Chinese students' learning of Spanish can offer valuable insights into the complexities of the language learning process. Moreover, it can provide essential theoretical guidance and practical recommendations for students' Spanish learning. Ultimately, the exploration results can drive the development and advancement of Spanish teaching practices, benefiting both students and educators alike.
Promoting the Spread of Chinese Language Through Chinese International Education Students
Authors: Chen Xiaoqing
Published: July 2024

The emergence of Chinese language fever has brought both opportunities and challenges for Chinese language dissemination, and students of Chinese language education, as the main force of Chinese language teaching overseas, are facing a lot of new problems including changes in the external environment and changes in their own factors. This paper analyzes the difficulties faced by this group of students in become Chinese language volunteers according to the questionnaire and finds out the problems they are most concerned about. At the same time, the paper also analyzes many papers to figure out the reasons for the current difficulties in Chinese language dissemination and then makes explanations. In view of the current situation of Chinese language dissemination and the specific situation of students of Chinese language international education, both the academic circles and the students themselves need to grasp the changes in the world, clarify the direction of their own development and make corresponding adjustments. Hoping that this paper clarify the difficulties faced by students in this field and provide some help to the dissemination of the Chinese language.
An in-depth review of pneumonia and the combination therapy of pneumonia with Levofloxacin and Cefixime
Authors: Kong Wenyue
Published: July 2024

Pneumonia is one of the most common diseases in the world. When we go to the hospital, we can see and hear many patients suffering from pneumonia. A large number of people die from pneumonia every year all over the world. With the development of medical industry and the occurrence and invention of many drugs, pneumonia can be dealt with by using the drugs to kill the pathogens. However, how to use a more effective and economic-friendly approach to deal with pneumonia is still worth discussing. Now, there is a more effective way-combining two kinds of antibiotics to deal with pneumonia. In this essay, I will give an introduction of pneumonia, including its history, its symptoms, its impact, etc. One of the main pathogenic bacteria of pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumoniae, will also be discussed. Two approaches with some important disadvantages that people use to deal with pneumonia will be briefly discussed. Then, I will elaborate Levofloxacin and Cefixime, and how people combine Levofloxacin and Cefixime to deal with pneumonia.
Kombinasi Asal Benih dan Dosis Pemupukan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kesehatan Benih Tebu
Authors: Puspitasari Arinta Rury , Ariyani Diana , Lindawati Sylvia , Afrianto Imam Kukuh
Published: July 2024

Perbanyakan benih tebu dapat dilakukan menggunakan teknik kultur jaringan maupun konvensional. Kecukupan nutrisi pada benih menjadi modal dasar bagi pertumbuhan tanaman berikutnya. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pertumbuhan dan kesehatan benih asal kultur jaringan dan benih konvensional dengan variasi dosis pemupukan. Penelitian dilakukan pada November 2022 – Mei 2023 di kebun Bakalan, P3GI Pasuruan, Jawa Timur. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi dengan 3 ulangan. Petak utama adalah benih kultur jaringan dan benih konvensional, sedangkan anak petak adalah 5 variasi dosis pemupukan. Parameter pengamatan adalah jumlah batang dan rumpun, tinggi dan diameter batang, serta serangan hama dan penyakit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa benih kultur jaringan dengan dosis pemupukan 50-100% dari rekomendasi pemupukan (350-700 kg/ha ZA dan 25-50 kg/ha KCl) memiliki keunggulan dalam jumlah batang dan rumpun serta serangan penyakit lebih rendah dibandingkan benih konvensional pada semua dosis pemupukan. Benih konvensional pada dosis 50-100% (350-700 kg ZA dan 25-50 kg KCl) memberikan tinggi batang yang tidak berbeda dengan benih kultur jaringan pada dosis yang sama. Diameter batang pada benih kultur jaringan pada semua dosis pemupukan lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan benih konvensional. Serangan hama penggerek pucuk dan batang tidak berbeda nyata pada semua perlakuan, sedangkan serangan penyakit pokkahbung sebagian besar terjadi pada benih konvensional pada semua dosis pemupukan.
Efficiency of Arts Education in the Context of Formation of Intercultural Communication Skills: Case-Study and Statistical Analysis of the Results
Authors: Zlotnyk Oleksandr , Humeniuk Tetiana , Martsenkivska Olena , Panova Nataliia , Demeshko Nataliia
Published: July 2024

The research aims are to explain the teaching methods and strategies contributing to formation of intercultural communication skills, to outline the challenges in the context of intercultural training, and to draw the pattern for development of intercultural communication skills among future specialists in the field of arts and culture. This study adopted an experimental methodology that observed the effects of teaching interventions (independent variables) on the level of intercultural communication skills among students (dependent variables). The experiment was realized through the qualitative tools (questionnaire and observation techniques). The experiment was conducted in five stages between September 2023 and January 2024. A total of 94 students (49 students from the experimental and 45 from the control group) and 14 external stakeholders served as a sample. The results showed that intercultural communication skills are formed through teaching methods and strategies oriented towards the increase in students’ diverse cultural background, including openness to cultural diversity, cultural empathy, social initiative, emotional stability, intercultural interaction and communication style, cultural creativity. Considering these teaching methods and strategies found that the pattern for development of intercultural communication skills among future specialists of arts and culture involves experimental learning, real life experience and cultural immersion activities, communication activities, curriculum improvement, creation of technology-based environment, implementation of regular feedback and assessment.
Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Succession Planning: Strategies for Identifying and Developing Future Leaders
Authors: Zhylin Mykhailo , Bondarevуch Svitlana , Kotliar Liudmyla , Dikol-Kobrina Olena , Dzhezhyk Olha
Published: July 2024

The aims of this study are to investigate the relationship of leadership identification and development with emotional intelligence and leadership succession planning and to outline the effective strategies for identification of potential leaders and leadership development. Methodology - To achieve the aim, we used the scheme of interactive co-production research where researchers create the scientific partnership with business professionals and they are responsible for generation of theoretical and practical knowledge. To process the data, we applied mixed methodology to improve the data assessment and contributed to objectivity and accuracy of the research. The survey involved five companies operating in the information technology, car repair enterprise, sewing business, and food and beverages producer in the Western and Central regions of Ukraine. The survey was conducted between March-September 2023. A sample included 24 business professionals and leadership in different roles, ages, gender, work experience, and education background. The selection of respondents was based on their involvement in leadership identification and development procedures in the organization and depended on their level of professional competency in the industry. The result show that leadership identification and development is implemented through certain strategies which include the use of feedback, culture of high engagement, performance assessment, leadership training programs, identification of skill gaps and future needs, and introduction of continuous learning culture in an organization. The use of these strategies should be implemented in the individual, group, and organizational levels. The study contributed to elaboration of the model of leadership identification and development in an organization.
Parental History of Psychopathology and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among Children
Authors: Rajput Aatir , Memon Zahoor Ahmed , Ambreen Syeda , Nighat Ayesha , Iqbal Aisha , Ansari Moin Ahmed
Published: July 2024

Parental history of psychopathology has been linked to an increased risk of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children. Research suggests that genetic and environmental factors contribute to this association, highlighting the importance of early identification and intervention. Objective: To determine the association between family history of psychopathology and ADHD among children. Methods: This cross-sectional comparative analysis was carried out from December 2019 to June 2020 upon 64 children, presenting with ADHD and their parents, who presented to the General Psychiatric OPD and Child Psychiatric OPD of Department of Psychiatry, Liaquat University Hospital; Hyderabad and Jamshoro and Sir Cowasjee Jehangir Institute of Psychiatry, Hyderabad. Data were recorded onto a structured questionnaire containing inquiries pertaining to basic biodata, sociodemographic details and confirmatory diagnosis. Results: The mean age of the sample (children) stood at 9 ± 2 years while the maternal and paternal mean age stood at 33 ± 5 years and 32 ± 3 years, respectively. A majority (83%) of the sample (children) comprised of boys, while the remaining 17% were girls. The most common symptoms of ADHD reported by parents (among children) included aggression, hyperactivity and academic problems. Positive psychiatric history among mother, father and siblings was noted in 39.1%, 32.8% and 48.4% of the cases respectively. Conclusions: Parental psychopathology (most notably anxiety spectrum disorders and major depressive disorder) has been found to be associated with ADHD among children.
The Evolution of the Shape of the Chinese Pipa and Its Artistic Prosperity
Authors: Bai Xueyin
Published: July 2024

As the most representative plucked instrument among traditional national musical instruments, the pipa has continuously evolved and developed in the long history of China and has gradually become a symbol of Chinese traditional music and culture. The development of music in the Sui and Tang dynasties in China was unprecedentedly prosperous, and it occupies an important position in the history of Chinese music. As an ancient plucked instrument, the pipa has been passed down from the Qin and Han dynasties to the present and has experienced thousands of years of history. It is a national musical instrument that has been increasingly improved in shape and playing methods through the continuous efforts of the Chinese people, integrating the advantages of local and foreign musical instruments. The Sui and Tang dynasties in China were the first peak period of the development of the pipa. For this reason, this article sorts out the development of the pipa in the Sui and Tang dynasties in China and the role of the pipa in promoting later music.
Extent of Compliance of Ordinance Prohibiting the Use of Styrofoam Containers and Regulating the Use of Single Use Plastics in Cabugao Public Market
Authors: Baptista Dave Louis , Saldua Lester , Padre Winston , Amodo Junior , Rañon Gladys , Sumagit Marjorie , Rabago Jasper Kim
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to examine the extent of compliance with Ordinance No. 17, series of 2022 which prohibits the use of styrofoam containers and regulates the use of single-use plastics in Cabugao Public Market. The research addresses the detrimental environmental, public health, and economic impacts of these materials. The study employed a descriptive research design and snowball sampling technique to gather data from wet market vendors through a survey-checklist. The findings indicate a high level of awareness and compliance among the vendors. All respondents were aware of the ordinance and its objectives, actively participated in regulating plastic use, and reported consistent monitoring by the local government. However, some vendors faced challenges related to customer complaints about the durability of alternative packaging and the higher cost compared to plastic bags. Vendors provided suggestions to address these issues, such as allowing the use of environmental-friendly alternative plastic bags.
Honoring Culture and Voice By Empowering the Community: How a Grassroots Community Center Became the Waipahu Safe Haven
Authors: Uchishiba Greg , Matsumoto Vail , George Stacy , Furuta Stephanie
Published: July 2024

Waipahu Safe Haven Immigrant/Migrant Resource Center (further referred to as Waipahu Safe Haven) was developed using an asset-based Community Center Model approach that acknowledged its community members’ needs, funds of knowledge, and histories while drawing upon their individual and collective resiliency. This paper aims to outline the development of Waipahu Safe Haven and offer insights that can be valuable to others. It highlights a grassroots approach to fostering community empowerment, exemplified by creating a community center that adapts to meet the dynamic needs of the community. Key takeaways and lessons learned include respecting community relationships, leveraging the strengths of partnerships, and recognizing that members’ voices and decision-making are essential. These lessons collectively enrich the understanding of individuals involved in sustained efforts to tackle pressing community issues in a culturally sensitive and inclusive matter. They also enrich the knowledge of those engaging in long-term work to address critical community needs in a culturally appropriate and inclusive way.
Design and Implementation of WebGL Model Rendering Engine
Authors: Liu Xiao , Wu Tingting , Xu Wenjian , Liu Qing
Published: July 2024

This thesis conducts an in-depth study and implements a model rendering engine based on WebGL. It elaborates on the basic concepts, characteristics of WebGL, and its application prospects in the field of real-time graphics rendering. The implementation methods are discussed, and a design scheme of the model rendering engine based on WebGL is proposed. When introducing the background and basic principles of WebGL, it is pointed out that it is a technology for high-performance graphics rendering in the browser using JavaScript. Based on the OpenGL ES 2.0 standard, it is achieved by embedding its context in the HTML5 Canvas element, and has advantages such as cross-platform, high performance, easy learning and use. In addition, the design scheme of this engine is proposed, including key technologies such as model loading and lighting calculation. Common rendering engine frameworks and tools are also introduced to help developers efficiently build WebGL applications.
Relation of Retail Gasoline and Diesel Prices in Croatia with Crude Oil Prices on World Markets
Authors: Szomolányi Karol ,   University of Economics in Bratislava, Slovakia, Lukáčik Martin , Lukáčiková Adriana ,   University of Economics in Bratislava, Slovakia,   University of Economics in Bratislava, Slovakia
Published: July 2024

According to many studies, the transmission of oil prices to retail fuel prices is asymmetric. Fuel prices react faster if oil prices rise and more slowly if oil prices fall. We use the simple and dynamic asymmetry models, error correction models, threshold autoregressive cointegration, and an approach based on the adjustment cost function in the linear-exponential form to verify the hypothesis of asymmetric reactions of gasoline and diesel prices in Croatia. The analysis uses a weekly time series of Croatian fuel prices obtained from the European Commission Weekly Oil Bulletin and BRENT oil prices from the US Energy Information Administration. Different standard econometric procedures lead to different results. Nevertheless, the approach based on the linear-exponential lost function confirmed the price asymmetries in the Croatian market.
Revolutionizing Cargo Transport: The Impact of Innovative Technologies
Authors: Kosovac Amel ,   University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Traffic and Communication, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Medić Adisa , Ćorić Irfan , Hadrović Sabina ,   University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Traffic and Communication, Bosnia and Herzegovina,   Bosnia and Herzegovina Air Navigation Services Agency, Bosnia and Herzegovina,   Tuzla International Airport, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: July 2024

For many years, cargo traffic was marred by inefficiency, slow work systems, extensive paperwork and inaccuracies in the supply chain and transportation to the final destination. Processes within the chain itself entailed slow work, which resulted in large deviations in terms of transport and delivery time to the end user. To overcome these shortcomings and improve cargo traffic, the focus of the work will be on the application of innovative technologies in cargo traffic, the analysis of the application and the advantages it provides. A special aspect of the work is the analysis of cargo traffic in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the application of innovative technologies in its area.
Transfer Pricing: Growth of the Concept and Fiscal Regulations in Europe
Authors: Fulop Renata ,   Babeș-Bolyai University, Romania
Published: July 2024

Organisations these days are growing rapidly, and both operational activities and business networks tend to use business unit strategies to overcome operational complexity. This constantly growing environment can significantly impact multinational transfer pricing practices. The research aims to look at the historical evolution and understand how the transfer pricing concept was changed over time and how the accounting legislation influenced the concept. One tool to achieve this goal is historiography and documentary research, which we applied to make it an accessible topic for further applications, studies, and analysis.
Correlation between Dominant Working Styles of Students at the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy in Skopje and their Curriculum Choice
Authors: Tomova Ana ,   Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Skopje, North Macedonia, Andonovic Beti , Dimitrov Aleksandar ,   Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Skopje, North Macedonia,   Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Skopje, North Macedonia
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to detect the advantages and disadvantages of Working Styles in general, determining and interpreting dominant Working Styles of students in different curricula at The Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy in Skopje. The research was conducted using Julie Hay's questionnaire to determine working styles. The aim was to recognise individual characteristics reflected through the specific Working Style, i.e. the characteristic pattern for a series of expected behaviours - script pattern. These results were summarised for each group of students from six curricula, and a detailed analysis was made. Advantages, disadvantages, and essential steps were listed to increase the advantages and minimise the disadvantages. Also, recommendations that would motivate further utilisation of their potential were given. This established the connection between the manifested Working Styles of the groups of students and the choice of the corresponding curriculum. This work is expected to improve curricula and teaching methods for the benefit of current and future students in choosing their future profession, including their interests, skills and abilities for building a career as engineers.
Analysis of day surgery implementation in a large public hospital from the perspective of high-quality development
Authors: Peng Ji , Zhao Jianmei , Cao Delin
Published: July 2024

Objective and Methods: This study aimed to analyze the impact of day surgery on patients’ medical expenses, length of hospital stay, medical service effectiveness, and medical experiences. Data collection and questionnaire surveys were conducted in patients undergoing day and non-day surgery in a sample hospital from 2019 to 2021. This study examined patients’ baseline characteristics, waiting times for treatment, medical expenses, surgical effects and medical experience. Results: The waiting time for treatment and medical expenses in the day surgery group was lower than those in the non-day surgery group. The day surgery group significantly outperformed the non-day surgery group concerning experience in medical convenience and accessibility. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Under the premise of ensuring medical quality and safety, day surgery implementation can reduce patients’ waiting time for health service, alleviate the economic burden of inpatient surgery, and enhance their overall medical experience.
Prediction of live body weight using length and girth measurements for pigs in rural Western Kenya
Authors: Mutua Florence , Dewey Catherine , Arimi Samuel , Schelling Esther , Ogara William
Published: July 2024

Objectives: To develop and validate a pig weight-estimation method using body length and girth measurements. Methods: In a random sample of 288 smallholder pig farms in Western Kenya, pigs were weighed (kg) and their lengths and girths were measured (cm). Prediction models were generated using 75% of the data and validated using the remaining 25%. Weight was regressed on length and girth using mixed model analysis after controlling for village as a random effect. Models were developed for pigs categorized as young (≤ 5 months), market age (5.1 months to 9.9 months), and breeding age (≥ 10 months). Results: Weights (mean ± SD) of the young, market-age, and breeding-age pigs were 12 ± 6.1 kg, 30 ± 11.4 kg, and 42 ± 17.0 kg, respectively. Models for the young, market-age, and breeding-age pigs were weight = 0.18 (length) + 0.36 (girth) – 16, weight = 0.39 (length) + 0.64 (girth) – 48, and weight = 0.36 (length) + 1.02 (girth) – 74, respectively. A single prediction model for weight = 0.25 (length) + 0.56 (girth) – 32 was also developed. Weight predicted by the models was a more accurate estimate than that provided by the farmers (P < .05). Length and girth explained 88% to 91% of the total variation in weight. Implications: The weight-estimation tool will empower Kenyan farmers to have better bargaining powers when they sell their pigs and will act as an incentive to better manage their pigs through improved feeding and husbandry.
Investigation of tiamulin hydrogen fumerate in-feed antibiotic for the control of porcine respiratory disease complex that includes Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
Authors: Roberts Elizabeth , Hammer James Mark , Lechtenberg Kely , Roycroft Linda , King Stephen
Published: July 2024

Objective: To evaluate tiamulin hydrogen fumerate (THF) as an in-feed antibiotic for control of porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) that includes infection with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M hyo). Materials and methods: Two studies were performed to evaluate PRDC-associated clinical signs and pneumonia lesion resolution in pigs treated with THF (Denagard 10; Novartis Animal Health US, Greensboro, North Carolina) at 137.5 and 165.0 ppm. Study One evaluated nursery pigs multi-sourced from two herds affected by PRDC. In Study Two, single-sourced naive pigs were challenged with M hyo. Results: In Study One, nursery pigs exhibiting clinical signs of PRDC and treated with THF at 165.0 ppm showed significantly better treatment success than did controls, defined as body temperature < 40ºC and respiratory and depression scores < 2 on Day 17 (P < .001), with lower total percent pneumonia lesions (P < .001) and mortality (P < .05). In the THF 137.5 ppm group, total percent pneumonia lesions (P < .001) and mortality (P < .05) were lower than in controls. Treatment success did not differ between the THF 137.5 ppm group and the controls. In Study Two, total percent pneumonia lesions was lower in the THF 165.0 ppm group (11.76%; P < .001) and 137.5 ppm group (16.02%; P < .05) than in controls (22.35%). Implication: In-feed THF produces a clinical benefit in pigs experiencing PRDC or experimentally challenged with M hyo.
Genetic line influences pig growth rate responses to vaccination for porcine circovirus type 2
Authors: Potter Megan , Tokach Lisa , Dritz Steve , Henry Steven , DeRouchey Joel , Tokach Mike , Goodband Robert , Nelssen Jim , Rowland Raymond , Hesse Richard , Oberst Richard , Anderson Joseph , Hays Michael
Published: July 2024

Objectives: To compare the effects of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccination on growth rate, backfat depth, and loin depth of pigs in a high-health herd which contained different genetic lines. Materials and methods: A total of 454 pigs (20.6 ± 1.98 days of age; 6.1 ± 1.27 kg body weight) were used in a 130-day randomized controlled field trial. Genetic designations were A×A (Duroc line), B×B (synthetic White Pietrain line), A×B, and B×A. Pigs were randomly assigned to vaccination treatments (Vaccinated or nonvaccinated Control) within litter by gender (boar or gilt). Vaccinated pigs received two doses of a PCV2 vaccine at 3 and 5 weeks of age. Serum samples were collected and pigs were individually weighed on Days 0 (weaning), 40, and 130 to determine PCV2 viral load, antibody levels, and average daily gain (ADG). Data were analyzed from 417 pigs with complete growth records. Results: The greater ADG from Day 0 to Day 130 for Vaccinated pigs depended on the genetic line (genetic line-by-vaccination interaction; P < .05). The mean weight difference between Vaccinated and Control pigs was almost four times greater in the A×A pigs than in the B×B pigs on Day 130. On average, compared with Control pigs, Vaccinated pigs had lower serum PCV2 viral load levels on Days 40 and 130 (P < .001). Implications: Pig genetic line affects growth rate response to PCV2 vaccination and should be considered a risk factor for circoviral disease expression.
Observations regarding influenza A virus shedding in a swine breeding farm after mass vaccination
Authors: Corzo Cesar , Gramer Marie , Kuhn Michael , Mohr Marty , Morrison Robert
Published: July 2024

An outbreak of respiratory disease in suckling piglets started in December 2010 in a 1200-sow farrow-to-wean facility. Swine influenza virus H1N2 was isolated from nasal swabs of affected piglets and determined to be the cause of the respiratory disease. After 2 months of continuous respiratory disease in the suckling-piglet and nursery populations, a change in the influenza vaccination strategy was adopted. Administration of swine influenza autogenous vaccine at 85 to 91 days of gestation was discontinued, and mass vaccination of the breeding herd was performed with two doses of a commercial multivalent vaccine. Prevalence of virus shedding was monitored by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay in nasal swabs and oral fluids from sows and suckling piglets before and after mass vaccination. After vaccination, there was a significant increase (P < .001) in hemagglutination inhibition serum-antibody titers in breeding females. Prevalence of shedding in sows and suckling piglets decreased through the 13 weeks of monitoring until no influenza-positive samples were detected in suckling and recently weaned pigs. This case report provides insights into a potential control strategy for swine influenza in breeding herds through mass vaccination.
Evaluation of blood parameters as an early assessment of health status in nursery pigs
Authors: Buzzard Brandi , Edwards-Callaway Lily , Engle Terry , Rozell Timothy , Dritz Steve
Published: July 2024

Nursery pigs were categorized as healthy or unthrifty, and significant differences in certain blood gases and some ion concentrations were observed between health groups. However, differences between healthy and unthrifty pigs were not apparent upon necropsy. Assessment of hematological indicators may be useful in monitoring health of nursery pigs.
A field and laboratory investigation of viral diseases of swine in the Republic of Haiti
Authors: Jacques-Simon Rodney , Millien Max , Flanagan Keith , Shaw John , Morales Paula , Pinto Julio , Pyburn David , Gonzalez Wendy , Ventura Angel , Lefrancois Thierry , Pradel Jennifer , Swenson Sabrina , Jenkins-Moore Melinda , Toms Dawn , Erdman Matthew , Cox Linda , Bracht Alexa , Fabian Andrew , Mohamed Fawzi , Moran Karen , O'Hearn Emily , Carrillo Consuelo , Mayr Gregory , White William , Metwally Samia , McIntosh Michael , Deng Mingyi
Published: July 2024

Objective: To confirm the prevalence of teschovirus encephalomyelitis in multiple regions in Haiti and to identify other viral agents present in the swine population. Materials and methods: A field investigation was conducted on 35 swine premises located in 10 regions. Sera from 109 pigs, including 23 sick and 86 apparently healthy pigs, blood samples from 21 sick pigs, and brains, spinal cords, and other tissue samples from eight humanely euthanized pigs were collected and tested. Results: Of the 109 serum samples, 49.5% and 58.7% were positive for antibodies to porcine teschovirus type 1 (PTV-1) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2), respectively. Additionally, 7.3%, 11.9%, and 22.0% of sera were positive for antibodies to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and swine influenza virus (SIV) H3N2 and H1N1, respectively. Among the 54 sera positive for antibodies to PTV-1, 35 (64.8%) were also positive for antibodies to PCV-2. Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) was isolated from five sera. These results confirm that teschovirus encephalomyelitis is prevalent in multiple regions in Haiti, including areas near the border with the Dominican Republic, and that several other viral disease agents, ie, CSFV, PCV-2, PRRSV, and SIV, are present in the Haitian swine population. Implications: Due to the close proximity of the Hispaniola to Puerto Rico, a territory of the United States, and the large number of direct flights from the Hispaniola to the United States, the risk of introducing the viral diseases mentioned in this paper into the North America swine population is high.
Assessment of body temperature in sows by two infrared thermography methods at various body surface locations
Authors: Schmidt Mariana , Lahrmann Karl-Heinz , Ammon Christian , Berg Werner , Schon Peter , Hoffmann Gundula
Published: July 2024

Objectives: To investigate whether measurement of core body temperature by rectal thermometer can be replaced by infrared techniques and to determine whether it is possible to record changes in body temperature at eight anatomical sites in sows using an infrared camera (IRC) or an infrared thermometer (IRT). Materials and methods: The study was conducted in a farrow-to-finish farm using 45 multiparous Large White × German Landrace sows of first to ninth parity. Sows were between 3 days ante partum and 7 days post partum. In Phase 1 of the study, body temperatures of 15 sows were measured by IRC and IRT at eight anatomical sites twice daily for 4 days. In Phase 2, body temperatures of 30 sows were measured once daily for 4 days at four of the previously selected sites. Infrared and rectal temperatures (RT) were measured simultaneously. Results: The eye (areas near the medial and lateral canthus) and back of the ear (between the transition of the pinna and the dorsal margo of the M cutaneous colli) were promising locations in terms of practicability for IRC and IRT measurement of body temperature. Vulva and mammary gland generated acceptable results, but are less practical. The mean range of the difference between infrared and rectal thermometer temperatures was 4.21 for IRT and 6.67 for IRC. Implication: Infrared techniques appear promising for continuous temperature monitoring where changes in temperature are more important than individual temperature values.
Effect of physical and inhaled euthanasia methods on hormonal measures of stress in pigs
Authors: Meyer Robert , Whitley Justin , Morrow W. E. Morgan , Stikeleather L , Baird C , Rice J , Halbert B , Styles Darrel , Whisnant Scott
Published: July 2024

Objective: To determine the effect of physical and inhaled euthanasia methods on mean plasma levels of three hormonal stress indicators in young pigs. Materials and methods: Plasma concentrations of cortisol, norepinephrine, and lactate were determined immediately before and after two-step electrocution (n = 39; 7.1 ± 0.5 kg), captive bolt (n = 61; 12.3 ± 1.9 kg), 70% N2/30% CO2 at a displacement rate equivalent to 20% of the chamber volume per minute (n = 16; 2.3 ± 0.3 kg), and 100% CO2 at 10% (n = 4; 1.9 ± 0.2 kg) and 20% (n = 12; 1.9 ± 0.1 kg) chamber volume displacement rate per minute. Results: Mean cortisol concentrations did not differ following captive bolt, electrocution, and 70% N2/30% CO2 or 100% CO2 at 20% of the chamber volume per minute (P > .05). The decrease in cortisol concentrations with 100% CO2 at 10% of the chamber volume per minute was different (P < .05) than the increase observed with 100% CO2 at 20% of the chamber volume per minute and different (P < .05) than the increase observed with captive bolt; however, differences were small. All methods increased mean lactate and norepinephrine concentrations post euthanasia, with no observed differences between methods. Times to loss of consciousness and loss of heartbeat were shorter with CO2 than with 70% N2/30% CO2 (P < .05). Implications: Gradual displacement administration of CO2 and 70% N2/30% CO2 produce similar plasma concentrations of stress indicators as physical euthanasia methods in young pigs.
Carbon dioxide system for on-farm euthanasia of pigs in small groups
Authors: Rice Mark , Baird Craig , Stikeleather Larry , Morrow W. E. Morgan , Meyer Robert
Published: July 2024

Certain swine-farm operations require the regular euthanizing of multiple pigs on almost a daily basis. These animals may be too large for the small-scale methods of euthanasia used for nursing pigs and therefore may require the use of individual mechanical methods approved by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), such as gunshot and captive bolt. These methods may be unpleasant for workers and pose additional handling and carcass-disposal challenges. Considerable research has been done using the AVMA-recommended carbon dioxide (CO2) method for mass depopulation of swine in the case of an exigent situation. This paper details a method for adapting that CO2 methodology for euthanizing small groups of pigs. The system does not require direct worker contact with individual animals or manual handling of carcasses. The concept involves use of a standard high-pressure CO2 cylinder and a small euthanasia chamber, which can be a small dump-type trailer to allow easy transport to a disposal site. A detailed description of the CO2 application system and method is provided so that producers can construct a suitable system from readily available low-cost components.