bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chevron Deference, Presidential Influence, and the Rule of Law in the Administrative State
Authors: Shane Peter M.
Published: December 2018

This paper, prepared for a symposium marking the thirtieth anniversary of the Supreme Court's decision in Chevron v NRDC, argues that, despite the doctrine's acquiescence in broad administrative discretion, so-called Chevron deference is reconcilable with a conventional account of what the rule of law entails in the modern administrative state. In all but the rarest of cases, however, rule of law values imply that deference should be accorded or not entirely on the basis of the legal interpretation proffered by the administrative agency that is Congress’s designated administrative decision maker, which is typically not the White House. White House involvement in persuading an agency to adopt a non-arbitrary interpretation that the agency embraces and can defend based on reasons rooted in law obviously should not count against that interpretation. But White House involvement should not be thought to earn deference for a proffered legal interpretation, whether originally preferred by an agency or not, that otherwise appears unjustified under “hard look” review. If the White House steers the agency away from an earlier preferred, but less sound interpretation of law, then the negotiated view, if non-arbitrary, may be given deference. But if the White House steers an agency away from an earlier preferred agency interpretation that would have been deference-worthy and at least as sound (in the eyes of the court) as the White House view now being offered as the agency’s own, the court should remand for agency reconsideration unless the White House-preferred interpretation can be shown to reflect exceptional problems of agency coordination.
Rights, Remedies and Restraint
Authors: Shane Peter M.
Published: December 2018

This article argues that a judge who is admirably "restrained" in the sense of "self-disciplined" will decide cases according to principle, but will not always construe rights narrowly. “Principle,” however, is not likely to be a helpful guide in the highly contextual business of designing institutional remedies. In such cases, a judge seeking to operate under a "rule of law" model of judicial restraint, should limit his or her own role in complex cases to institutional reforms likely to produce a stronger institutional dedication to legal compliance and hence, over time, fewer occasions for judicial supervision.
Presidential Signing Statements and the Rule of Law as an “Unstructured Institution"
Authors: Shane Peter M.
Published: December 2018

The George W. Bush administration's use of signing statements embodied a disturbingly thin and formalist view of the rule of law that goes hand-in-hand with its vision of the separation of powers. Its signing statement practice was notable both for the extremity of the constitutional vision that these statements typically asserted—especially with regard to the so-called "unitary executive”—and with regard to their sheer volume, unmatched in the entire history of the executive. To understand the latter phenomenon, the Bush signing statements need to be understood not just as an expression of a constitutional philosophy, but also as an effort to institutionalize through faux law a highly presidential ethos as a fundamental element of the spirit with which the government conducts business.
Congress’ Obstruction Addiction and the Garland Nomination
Authors: Shane Peter M.
Published: December 2018

This article argues that the Senate was acting irresponsibly in failing to act on the nomination of Judge Merrick Garland to fill the Supreme Court vacancy created with the death of Justice Antonin Scalia. The inability of an even-divided Court to decide key cases could work serious injustice to the parties involved.
In NLRB Recess Appointments Case, Roberts Court Can Now Show It Knows How to Exercise Judicial Restraint
Authors: Shane Peter M.
Published: December 2018

If the Senate confirms a full complement of members for the National Labor Relations Board, the Obama administration should ask the Supreme Court in Noel Canning v. NLRB to remand the case, without decision, to be re-heard by the NLRB. The court should grant the request, showing a judicial restraint for which the Roberts bench is not known — and returning the recess appointments controversy to the elected branches of government, where it belongs. If the SG does not pursue this course, the Court should use the political question doctrine to avoid unnecessary judicial interference with the dynamics of the President's and Senate's shared appointments power.
Returning Separation of Powers Analysis to its Normative Roots: The Constitutionality of Qui Tam Actions and Other Private Suits to Enforce Civil Penalties
Authors: Shane Peter M.
Published: December 2018

This paper examines the status of debates concerning the constitutionality of private suits to enforce civil fines in light of the Supreme Court's decisions in Vermont Agency of Natural Resources v. United States ex rel. Stevens and Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services, as well as a pending Fifth Circuit decision in United States ex rel. Riley v. St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital. The two Supreme Court opinions have upheld qui tam and citizen suits against standing challenges, but have reserved the question of their constitutionality under Article II. The Riley panel opinion held qui tam actions to be unconstitutional under Article II, but the Fifth Circuit took the matter en banc on its own motion on the very day the opinion was published. (Subsequent to the publication of this article, the Fifth Circuit overturned the panel opinion and upheld the constitutionality of qui tam actions, Riley v. St. Luke's Episcopal Hosp., 252 F.3d 749 (5th Cir. 2001).) In the author's judgment, all such private suits to enforce civil fines are plainly constitutional under both Article II and Article III. That such suits appear to raise constitutional doubts is the consequence of missteps in the Supreme Court's implementation of separation of powers principles. The Court, led chiefly in this respect by Justice Scalia, has written often as if constitutionally vested executive authority guarantees the President plenary policy control over all federal civil administration, and as if the purpose of standing doctrine were largely to protect such executive authority from judicial interference. The author believes that the vesting of executive power is better understood as an effort to remove Congress from the business of administration. Standing rules, for their part, ought chiefly to be understood as protecting the judiciary from the dilution of judicial power that would come from the resolution of abstract or collusive litigation. The author explains why the Court should go back to requiring no more as a matter of standing doctrine than that a case be presented in an adversary context and in a manner historically viewed as capable of judicial resolution. The Court's injury, causality, and redressability inquiries should be abandoned in favor of a more straightforward questioning whether plaintiffs in federal lawsuits have constitutional or statutory causes of action to support their complaints. In Article II cases, the Court should adhere to the analytic framework of Morrison v. Olson, and abandon the more wooden and categorical approach to interpreting executive power that informs Justice Scalia's Morrison dissent and his alternative holding in Printz v. United States.
How Has the Presidency Changed Most in the Last 30 Years?
Authors: Shane Peter M.
Published: December 2018

This article examines most important change in the presidency in recent decades: the increasing White House control of domestic rule-making activity by administrative agencies.
Eroticism versus Nurturance: How Eroticism and Nurturance Differs in Polyamorous and Monogamous Relationships
Authors: Balzarini Rhonda Nicole , Dharma Christoffer , Lab SHaRe , Kohut Taylor
Published: December 2018

Romantic partners provide both erotic and nurturing experiences, though these may emerge more strongly in different phases of a relationship. Unlike individuals in monogamous relationships, those in polyamorous relationships can pursue multiple romantic relationships simultaneously, potentially allowing them to experience higher levels of eroticism and nurturance. This research examined eroticism and nurturance among individuals in polyamorous and monogamous relationships. As expected, polyamorous participants experienced less eroticism but more nurturance in their relationships with their primary partner compared to secondary. Furthermore, people in polyamorous relationships reported more nurturance with primary partners and eroticism with secondary partners compared to people in monogamous relationships. These findings suggest that polyamory may provide a unique opportunity for individuals to experience both eroticism and nurturance simultaneously.Keywords: polyamory; monogamy; nurturance; eroticism; relationship length
غياب الحليف او المأزق المركزي للسياحة الخارجية العربية
Authors: Haddad Mahmoud
Published: December 2018

ابرز المقال الذي كتبه محمد حسنين هيكل في شهرية وجهات نظر المصرية (ابريل /نيسان ٢٠٠١) تحت عنوان "وقفة مع الصديق الأميركي" بعض خبايا العلاقة السياسية و العسكرية العربية مع الأتحاد السوفيتي في بداية السبعينيات و التي استطاعت القاهرة باسلوب "الصدمة الكهربائية" اجراء تغيير لصالحها فيها آنذاك. ودعا الكاتب الى وقفة أخرى ، و ان لم تكن متطابقة في الأسلوب، مع الوقفة السابقة، اليوم مع الولايات المتحدة الأمير كية . لكن المعلومات و التحليلات التى قدمت في المقال المذكور و في غيره تفرض سؤالا ملحا يسمعه كل عربي من عري آخر و هو ما سر هذه الهزائم العربية المتتالية ؟ لماذا هزمنا فى المواجهة مع اسرائيل منذ ١٩٤٨، بل لماذا هزمنا أمام المشروع الصهيوني نفسه منذ ما قبل ١٩٤٨؟ ثم ما الذي ستحققه الانتفاضة الفلسطينية الحالية ؟ هل يمكن أن يكون مصيرها مثل مصير اضراب الشهور الستة المشهورة عام ١٩٣٦ رغم كل الدماء و رغم كل التضحيات؟!
Effect of Short- Versus Long-Term Video Game Playing on Basic Laparoscopic Skills Acquisition of Veterinary Medicine Students
Authors: Levi Ohad , Shettko Donna L. , Battles Mark , Schmidt Peggy L. , Fahie Maria A. , Griffon Dominique J. , Gordon-Ross Paul , Hendrickson Dean A.
Published: December 2018

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of playing video games on the performance of basic laparoscopic skills. The study was an experimental pre-test–post-test comparison group design. Fifty-two students (31 from the Western University of Health Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and 21 from the Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine) completing their first or second year of the veterinary curriculum were randomized into two intervention groups. The intervention consisted of playing the video game Marble Mania on a Nintendo Wii. group L (long) played 18 hours over 6 weeks and group S (short) played 3 hours during the last week of the 6-week intervention period. Before and after the intervention, basic laparoscopic skills for both groups were assessed using a modified McGill Inanimate System for Training and Evaluation of Laparoscopic Skills (MISTELS) instrument. Participants performed two laparoscopic tasks. Results showed that the performance of students improved in both group S and L ( p < .05) on both laparoscopic tasks. Both groups showed statistically significant improvement in their post-intervention scores (group L, N = 25, z = –3.711, p < .001, r = 0.742; group S, N = 27, z = –3.016, p < .003, r = 0.580). There was no significant difference in the degree of improvement between group S and group L. The results suggest that playing Marble Mania on a Wii for any time duration could be an effective method for veterinary medicine students to improve basic laparoscopic skills, and indicate the needs for additional studies.
Сучасні засоби та методи національно-патріотичного виховання майбутніх офіцерів-прикордонників на заняттях з іноземної мови
Authors: Moroz Nadiia
Published: December 2018

У статті проаналізовано сучасні засоби та методи національно-патріотичного виховання майбутніх офіцерів-прикордонників на заняттях з іноземної мови. На основі проведеного аналізу встановлено, що навчання та виховання курсантів на занятті з іноземної мови має розглядатися як одночасний процес під керівництвом викладача. Зазначено, що ефективність патріотичного виховання значною мірою залежить від спрямованості виховного процесу, форм, засобів та методів його організації. Досліджено, що серед методів патріотичного виховання пріоритетна роль належить активним методам навчання. Розроблено методичні рекомендації викладачам з метою виховання патріотизму курсантів на заняттях з іноземної мови. На основі узагальнення встановлено, що від професійності викладача, його патріотичних настроїв та відданості своїй справі залежить, які сучасні засоби та методи він обере, наскільки повно він зможе розкрити виховний потенціал навчального матеріалу.
Analisis Keputusan Petani dalam Pengelolaan Hama pada Tanaman Lada ( Pipper nigrum L)
Authors: Yanti Yanti , Syamsuddin Tati , Saparuddin Saparuddin
Published: December 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengkaji hama yang menyerang pada tanaman lada (pipper nigrum L) dan untuk menganalisa proses pengambilan keputusan oleh petani dalam pengelolaan hama pada tanaman lada (pipper nigrum L). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2015 sampai dengan Maret 2016. Tahapan yang dilakukan adalah mengkaji jenis hama potensial dengan observasi selama 3 hari diambil 15 tanaman sebagai sampel dari 800 tanaman dan penentuan status hama, penafsiran tingkat kerusakan pada tanaman lada, Sistem usaha budidaya lada ( Analisis usaha tani meliputi break event point (BEP), rasio biaya dan pendapatan (R/C) revenue cost ratio), dan Analisis pengambilan keputusan. Data diperoleh melalui pengamatan langsung dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa serangga pengunjung lada terdapat 12 jenis spesies serangga, Hama utama yang menyerang tanaman lada adalah penggerek batang (Lophobaris piperis), pengisap bunga dan buah (Diconocoris hewitti) dan pengisap buah (Dasynus piperis). Analisis usaha tani meliputi analisis break event point ( BEP), revenue cost ratio R/C dilakukan untuk melihat efisiensi pengelolaan. Dari hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwa usaha budidaya lada yang dilakukan oleh petani pada saat ini mengalami keuntungan dan hasil ini juga menunjukkan rendahnya pengetahuan petani dan kurangnya informasi mengenai hama.Kata kunci : Analsis, Petani, lada (Pipper nigrum L), hama
Books
Authors: Grabow Sven , Poulot Dominique , Waterton Emma , Hoffman Sheila K. , Morishita Masaaki
Published: December 2018

Book Review Essays

Sustaining the Past into the Future: Some Reflections on Mechanisms to Keep Heritage Meaningful and Sustainable

Theory and Practice in Heritage and Sustainability: Between Past and Future.
Elizabeth Auclair and Graham Fairclough, eds.
London: Routledge, 2015.

Crowdsourcing our Cultural Heritage,
Mia Ridge, ed.
Farnham, UK: Ashgate, 2014.

Museums, Power, Knowledge: Selected Essays.
Tony Bennett.
London: Routledge, 2018.

Book Reviews

Collecting, Ordering, Governing:
Anthropology, Museums, and Liberal
Government.
Tony Bennett, Fiona Cameron, Nélia Dias,
Ben Dibley, Rodney Harrison, Ira Jacknis,
and Conal McCarthy. Durham, NC: Duke
University Press, 2017.

The Museum of the Senses.
Constance Classen.
New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2017.

New Museum Practice in Asia.
John Reeve and Caroline Lang, eds.
London: Lund Humphries, 2018.
Poetry
Authors: Loughrey Bryan , Watts Cedric , Rees-Jones Deryn
Published: December 2018

Sea Buckthorn

Iago’s Motive

Charles Baudelaire: ‘Le Guignon’

Prologue: Prologue
The District Leadership Cadre of the Stasi
Authors: Krähnke Uwe , Zschirpe Anja , Finster Matthias , Reimann Philipp , Gissendanner Scott Stock
Published: December 2018

More than twenty-five years after the revolution that toppled the
German Democratic Republic, we still know little about the personnel of the
organization that should have prevented it: the East German Ministry for
State Security (Stasi). This article reports on an individual-level investigation
of the entire Stasi leadership cadre of the Karl-Marx-Stadt district with information
on socioeconomic status, careers, institutional constraints and organizational
culture. Although a generational cleavage was evident, we argue that
Stasi leadership was so deeply convinced of socialism’s superiority and so
thoroughly habituated to the bureaucratic routine of the normal “party soldier”
that it was caught utterly by surprise with no plan to annihilate massive
opposition from within.
NATURAL PEPTIDE COMPLEXES OF THYMUS AND KIDNEYS REINFORCE APOPTOSIS OF TRANSFORMED T-CELLS, BUT DO NOT AFFECT THE PROCESSES OF APOPTOSIS IN B-CELLS
Authors: Shlykova O.A. , Izmailova O.V. , Lysanets Yu.V.
Published: December 2018

One of the most important issues in modern medicine is the search for methods for regulating programmed cell death in order to develop new approaches to treatment, including cancer and leukemia. Humoral regulation of theprocesses of apoptosis with the help of cytokines, hormones, growth factors, peptides plays an important role in the mechanisms of regulation of apoptosis. The effect of natural peptide complexes of thymus and kidneys on HPB-ALL (acute T-cell leukemia) and BJAB (Berkita lymphoma) cell apoptosis processes has been studied. It has been shown that the natural peptide complexes of the thymus and the kidneys have little stimulating effect on the apoptosis of BJAB tumor B cells at low concentrations, and when increasing the dose of peptides, they do not affect the processes of apoptosis; it is believed that the processes of elimination of transformed T-cells are enhanced by activating apoptosis processes in them. With the action of the natural peptide complex of thymus, this effect has a dose-dependent nature - increases with raising the dose.
Manja potrošnja goriva – jedan od uvjeta za održivu poljoprivredu
Authors: Poje Tomaž , Jejčić Viktor , Sito Stjepan
Published: December 2018

Smanjenje potrošnje goriva predstavlja jedan od bitnih čimbenika za održivu poljoprivredu, koje osim ostvarenja značajnih ušteda izravno utječe pozitivno i na okoliš (smanjenje emisije ugljičnog dioksida u atmosferu). Rad obuhvaća analizu podataka o registriranim traktorima i ukupnom broju traktora u Sloveniji i Hrvatskoj. Tako je u Sloveniji krajem 2016. godine registrirano 108.914 traktora, a u Hrvatskoj 114.313 traktora. Procjena potrošnje goriva u poljoprivredi napravljena je na osnovu zahtjeva za povrat trošarine za korišteno gorivo. Kod mjera za smanjivanje potrošnje goriva u ovom radu kao ključni čimbenici navedeni su: pravilan odabir priključnog vratila za pogon priključnih strojeva, gdje je postignuta ušteda za 10,7% te dva načina transporta tereta, gdje su se uštede goriva kretale u rasponu 20 i 27%.
Utjecaj vibracija na trup rukovatelja pri agrotehničkim operacijama
Authors: Barač Željko , Plaščak Ivan , Jurišić Mladen , Heffer Goran , Vidaković Ivan , Marković Monika , Zimmer Domagoj
Published: December 2018

U radu su prikazana mjerenja obavljena tijekom dvije agrotehničke sezone. Mjerene su razine vibracija koje utječu na trup rukovatelja prilikom korištenja dva različita poljoprivredna stroja (malčer i raspršivač). Koristi se traktor Landini Powerfarm DT 100. Mjerenje je ponovljeno tri puta u trajanju 30 minuta. Istraživanje je obavljeno na poljoprivrednoj površini Poljoprivredne i veterinarske škole Osijek. Mjerenja su obavljena sukladno normama HRN ISO 2631-1 i HRN ISO 2631-4. Pri radu malčera izmjerena je veća razina vibracija u smjeru osi x i y, dok je pri radu raspršivača veća u smjeru z osi. Razine vibracija izmjerene iduće godine (traktor u eksploataciji sa dodatnih 1000 radnih sati) prilikom korištenja malčera razine vibracija povećane su u smjeru osi y, dok su u smjeru osi x i z smanjene. U drugoj godini rada s raspršivačem izmjerene vibracije u smjeru x i z osi ostale su podjednake, dok se razina vibracija u smjeru osi y smanjila.
Properti Subjek Bahasa Tetum Dialek Foho di Desa Nanaet Dubessi, Kabupaten Belu, Provinsi NTT
Authors: Aritonang Buha
Published: December 2018

Perilaku gramatikal bahasa yang beragam dan tipologi bahasa yang berbeda dari satu bahasa dengan bahasa lain menyebabkan pengertian dan penetapan tentang subjek memunculkan fenomena yang terus dapat diperdebatkan. Sehubungan dengan itu, subjek sebagai salah satu relasi gramatikal dalam bahasa masih memerlukan perhatian para linguis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan properti subjek bahasa Tetum dialek Foho di Desa Nanaet Dubessi, Kabupaten Belu, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Properti subjek bahasa itu dideskripsikan dengan pengetesan argumen yang ditengarai sebagai subjek. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode agih (metode distribusional). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahasa Tetum dialek Foho memiliki properti subjek (1) muncul struktur kanonis pada posisi praverbal, (2) dapat disisipkan adverbia dan penegasi di antara subjek sebagai argumen praverbal dengan predikat, (3) dapat direlatifkan subjek (perelatifan subjek), (4) dapat disisipkan penjangka kambang di antara subjek dan predikat, (5) dapat direfleksifkan subjek (perefleksian), (6) dapat dinaikkan objek langsung dan objek tak langsung (argumen yang bukan subjek) menjadi subjek melalui mekanisme penaikan (raising), dan (7) dapat memfokuskan subjek dengan kehadiran pemarkah fokus ne ‘yang’.
Kognitivno opterećenje i eksterna reprezentacija pravila rješavanja problema "hanojskih tornjeva"
Authors: Đapo Nermin , Marković Mirna , Đokić Ratko
Published: December 2018

Rješavanje problema često predstavlja situaciju u kojoj su postavljeni preveliki zahtjevi na resurse radnog pamćenja. U situaciji rješavanja novih kompleksnih problema broj problemskih elemenata koji se trebaju simultano procesirati i njihova interaktivnost mogu nadići raspoloživi kapacitet radnog pamćenja. S obzirom na to da doprinosi smanjenju kognitivnog opterećenja, eksterna reprezentacija može značajno pridonijeti efikasnijem rješavanju problema. Cilj je našeg istraživanja bio ispitati efekte eksterne reprezentacije na uspješnost rješavanja i kognitivno opterećenje problema "hanojskih tornjeva". U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 30 studenata Odsjeka za psihologiju Filozofskog fakulteta u Sarajevu. Sudionici su rješavali tri izomorfne varijante problema "hanojskih tornjeva", preuzete iz istraživanja Zhanga i Normana (1994). Različitim je varijantama problema variran broj eksternih pravila njegova rješavanja. Kognitivno je opterećenje utvrđeno Upitnikom kognitivnog opterećenja (Paas, 1992).
Rezultati istraživanja upućuju na to da se efikasnost rješavanja problema povećava s brojem eksterno reprezentiranih pravila, što je u skladu s rezultatima dobivenim u istraživanju Zhanga i Normana (1994). Nadalje, utvrđeno je da eksterna pravila pridonose smanjenju procjene uloženog mentalnog napora i povećanju razumijevanja problema. Procjena je težine problema bila podjednaka za sve tri varijante problema.
Rezultati našeg istraživanja potvrđuju nalaze prethodnih istraživanja da korištenje eksternih reprezentacija pridonosi efikasnijem rješavanju kompleksnih problema. Također, eksterna reprezentacija smanjuje subjektivni doživljaj kognitivnog opterećenja. Međutim, generičke strategije izazivaju visoko kognitivno opterećenje per se, što uvjetuje visok doživljaj težine problema, bez obzira na objektivnu težinu problema.
Utjecaj stupnja uglazbljenosti teksta na upamćivanje teksta
Authors: Mutak Augustin , Vranić Andrea
Published: December 2018

Introspektivni nalazi pokazuju kako ljudi lakše i dulje pamte uglazbljeni materijal od drugih vrsta materijala. Sukladno tome, pokazuje se i da ljudi vjeruju da je glazba dobar mnemonik te da pomaže upamćivanju. Međutim, eksperimentalne provjere ne potvrđuju ove teze. U eksperimentima se pokazuje kako je pozitivan utjecaj glazbe na upamćivanje ovisan o uvjetima upamćivanja (npr. uglazbljen i neuglazbljen tekst pamte se jednako dobro ako je brzina prezentiranja riječi ista). Utjecaj stupnja uglazbljenosti materijala na njegovo upamćivanje vrlo se rijetko istražuje i stoga predstavlja predmet ovog istraživanja. Također, ovim je istraživanjem ispitano mijenjaju li se strategije upamćivanja materijala ovisno o stupnju njegove uglazbljenosti te mijenjaju li se karakteristike materijala na kojima se upamćivanje temelji ovisno o stupnju uglazbljenosti samog materijala.
U istraživanju je sudjelovao 91 sudionik. Sudionici su podijeljeni u tri skupine, a zadatak je svake skupine bio pokušati u što većoj mjeri upamtiti tekst skladbe. Pritom je prva skupina slušala a capella izvedbu, druga skupina vokalnu izvedbu praćenu bubnjevima, a treća potpuno uglazbljenu vokalnu izvedbu. Sudionici su slušali skladbu šest puta i nakon svakog slušanja zapisivali stihove koje su upamtili. Također, sudionici su ispunili i Upitnik o korištenim strategijama.
Analizom varijance nisu utvrđene razlike u broju upamćenih stihova između tri skupine sudionika koje su slušale materijal različitog stupnja uglazbljenosti. Također, nisu utvrđene razlike u čestini korištenja različitih strategija upamćivanja. Međutim, Fisherovim je egzaktnim testom utvrđen trend koji pokazuje da povećanjem stupnja uglazbljenosti teksta raste i broj sudionika koji izjavljuju da im pri upamćivanju pomaže glazba. Također, s povećanjem stupnja uglazbljenosti materijala smanjuje se broj osoba koje izjavljuju da im pri upamćivanju teksta pomaže priroda vokala.
Rezultati su ovog istraživanja sukladni s prethodnim nalazima koji sugeriraju da uglazbljenost objektivno ne pomaže pamćenju. No, čini se kako, neovisno o objektivnim pokazateljima, sudionici imaju dojam da im glazba pomaže u upamćivanju. Ova je mogućnost raspravljena kroz Kelleyjev kovarijacijski model atribucije. Predložene su dvije hipoteze za objašnjenje dobivenih rezultata: hipoteza o pogrešno percipiranoj visokoj distinktivnosti pamćenja glazbenog materijala i hipoteza o pogrešno percipiranoj visokoj konzistentnosti pamćenja glazbenog materijala.
Vrhunska sportska izvedba – nešto više od predane vježbe? Razmatranje uloge radnoga pamćenja
Authors: Glavaš Dragan
Published: December 2018

Vješta sportska izvedba, kojoj se divimo i koju uživamo gledati, ne bi bila moguća bez predane vježbe i ekstenzivnog rada. Kao rezultat uključenosti u takav trening eksperti stječu specifične kognitivne vještine, koje, prema teoriji dugoročnog radnog pamćenja (Ericsson i Charness, 1994; Ericsson i Kintsch, 1995), sportašima omogućuju svladavanje ograničenog kapaciteta radnog pamćenja. Sukladno klasičnim modelima stjecanja vještina (npr. Anderson, 1982; Schneider i Shiffrin, 1977) Ericsson (2014) ističe da stečeni mehanizmi postepeno dovode do automatskih procesa umanjujući ili eliminirajući ulogu temeljnih kognitivnih sposobnosti. Potkrijepljen istraživanjima o superiornim specifičnim perceptivno-kognitivnim sposobnostima vrhunskih sportaša (npr. Mann, Williams, Ward i Janelle, 2007; Williams i Ford, 2008) ovaj teorijski okvir postaje dominantnim za objašnjenje vrhunske sportske izvedbe. Ipak, recentne spoznaje upućuju na ulogu radnog pamćenja u sportskoj izvedbi na različitim razinama specifičnog znanja (npr. Hambrick i Meinz, 2011). U ovom su radu prikazane trenutne spoznaje o ulozi specifičnih i temeljnih kognitivnih sposobnosti kao što je radno pamćenje u različitim složenim sportskim situacijama. Osim toga, razmotren je doprinos teorija radnog pamćenja koje naglašavaju ulogu kapaciteta radnog pamćenja, odnosno svjesne kontrole pažnje, razumijevanju sportske izvedbe te njihov potencijal u teorijskoj elaboraciji i boljem razumijevanju vrhunske sportske izvedbe.
Uloga roditeljskih i vršnjačkih normi u objašnjenju negativnih međugrupnih stavova u adolescentnoj dobi
Authors: Ivandić Lidija , Löw Ajana
Published: December 2018

Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati ulogu roditeljskih i vršnjačkih normi u
objašnjenju negativnih međugrupnih stavova u adolescentnoj dobi te provjeriti kako taj odnos ovisi o općoj podložnosti roditeljskom i vršnjačkom utjecaju. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 457 učenika srednjih škola s područja Grada Zagreba. Ispitivani su negativni međugrupni stavovi prema etničkoj grupi Roma, a korišten je upitnik koji je sadržavao Skalu modernog rasizma, Skalu socijalne distance (samoprocjene
te procjene za roditelje i vršnjake), Skalu roditeljskog i vršnjačkog utjecaja te sociodemografska pitanja. Rezultati su pokazali da sudionici
u prosjeku pokazuju visoko izražen negativni stav prema Romima na mjeri
socijalne distance (pristali bi ići u isti razred s Romima, ali ne i da
su prijatelji, rođaci ili romantični partneri) te umjereno negativni stav na mjeri modernog rasizma. I roditeljska i vršnjačka norma značajno
pridonose objašnjenju negativnog stava sudionika na mjeri socijalne distance (negativnija je norma povezana s većom distancom), pri čemu veći doprinos ima roditeljska nego vršnjačka norma. Kod modernih predrasuda doprinos je značajan samo za roditeljsku (ne i vršnjačku) normu. Pretpostavka o moderatorskom efektu opće podložnosti roditeljskom/vršnjačkom utjecaju na odnos roditeljske/vršnjačke norme i stava nije potvrđena, što je moguće objasniti metodološkim čimbenicima. Rezultati ovog istraživanja upućuju na određeni doprinos unutargrupnih normi u stvaranju i održavanju negativnih međugrupnih stavova, no potrebna su daljnja istraživanja uz metodološki strože nacrte.
Vidno radno pamćenje
Authors: Tomić Ivan
Published: December 2018

Vidno radno pamćenje (VRP) skupni je naziv za procese kratkotrajnog zadržavanja vidnih informacija s ciljem trenutnog obavljanja zadatka. Posljednjih su desetak godina istraživanja u području rezultirala brojnim revolucionarnim, kako bihevioralnim, tako i neurološkim, nalazima koji su znatno promijenili načine na koje danas promatramo VRP. Ovim su pregledom obuhvaćene neke najvažnije teorijske ideje i nalazi koji su definirali istraživačke smjerove unutar područja. Rad započinjemo kratkim smještanjem VRP-a u kontekst srodnih kognitivnih procesa. Nakon prikaza najčešćih zadataka korištenih u istraživanjima VRP-a, središnji je dio rada posvećen prikazu dviju dominantnih teorija VRP-a i njihovoj usporedbi – modelima utora i modelima resursa. Nakon gotovo četrdeset godina empirijske podrške modelima utora, brojna istraživanja, objedinjena modelima resursa, revidiraju naša znanja o VRP-a. Kako bismo zaključili pitanje arhitekture reprezentacija VRP-a, dan je pregled istraživanja koja su pokušala odgovoriti na pitanje jesu li reprezentacije VRP-a sastavljene od pojedinačnih vidnih svojstava ili već integriranih objekata. Kako ni jedan od pristupa ne može u potpunosti objasniti rezultate istraživanja, najizgledniji se odgovor na pitanje o jedinicama kodiranja nalazi u hijerarhijskim modelima koji pretpostavljaju kako vidne informacije kodiramo i na razini svojstava, ali i na razini integriranih objekata. U drugom su dijelu rada opisane tri bitne komponente funkcioniranja VRP-a: usvajanje, dosjećanje i zaboravljanje informacija. Područja istraživanja ovih komponenata obilježena su provjerama relativno suprotstavljenih modela te metodološkim novinama uvedenima kako bi se na što obuhvatniji način ispitale postojeće hipoteze.
Odnos motivacijskih i epistemičkih uvjerenja s uključenosti učenika u učenje kemije
Authors: Rovan Daria , Šimić Katarina , Pavlin-Bernardić Nina
Published: December 2018

Uključenost učenika predstavlja značajnu odrednicu kvalitete obrazovnih ishoda te je važno ispitati moguće mehanizme koji utječu na uključenost učenika u učenje. U ovom je istraživanju cilj bio ispitati uključenost u specifičnom kontekstu učenja kemije te njezinu povezanost s motivacijskim i epistemičkim uvjerenjima. Konkretno, ispitan je doprinos subjektivne vrijednosti kemije, samoefikasnosti u kemiji, samoefikasnosti u samoregulaciji i epistemičkih uvjerenja u objašnjavanju individualnih razlika u kognitivnoj, bihevioralnoj i emocionalnoj uključenosti učenika na nastavi kemije. Također je ispitana medijatorna uloga motivacijskih uvjerenja u odnosu između epistemičkih uvjerenja i uključenosti. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 346 učenika opće gimnazije. Učenici su ispunjavali skale uključenosti, subjektivne vrijednosti, samoefikasnosti, samoefikasnosti u samoregulaciji učenja i epistemičkih uvjerenja (evaluacija i nedvojbenost).
Regresijskim je jednadžbama objašnjen značajan dio varijance svih dimenzija uključenosti u nastavu i učenje kemije. Dobiveni su slični obrasci povezanosti kognitivne, bihevioralne i ugodne emocionalne uključenosti s motivacijskim i epistemičkim uvjerenjima, dok neugodna emocionalna uključenost pokazuje drugačije obrasce povezanosti. Subjektivna vrijednost i samoefikasnost u samoregulaciji učenja pokazali su se kao značajni prediktori kognitivne i bihevioralne uključenosti, dok ugodnu emocionalnu uključenost predviđaju još i uvjerenja o evaluaciji. Samoefikasnost i nedvojbenost značajno predviđaju neugodnu emocionalnu uključenost. Rezultati medijacijskih analiza upućuju na to da su sve testirane povezanosti epistemičkih uvjerenja i pojedinih dimenzija uključenosti ili potpuno ili djelomično posredovane motivacijskim uvjerenjima. Kao ključni medijator u povezanostima epistemičkih uvjerenja s kognitivnom, bihevioralnom i ugodnom emocionalnom uključenosti izdvojila se subjektivna vrijednost kemije, a u odnosu s neugodnom emocionalnom uključenosti samoefikasnost u kemiji.
PENGUJIAN MIKROORGANISME LOKAL ( MOL) LIMBAH SAYURAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SAWI ( Brassica juncea L)
Authors: Lestari Sri Utami , Susi Neng , Mutryarny Enny
Published: December 2018

Nowadays people are increasingly concerned about the importance of product quality. The use of fertilizers derived from organic materials is believed to bring more benefits to agricultural products where products become healthier, environmentally friendly and can reduce the negative impact of chemicals that are harmful to humans and the environment. Veg mole is expected in addition to its local microorganisms also Nitrogen element content can increase the growth and production of mustard plants.The purpose of this study is to determine the effect and to get a good dose of MOL vegetable waste on the growth and production of mustard plants.The experiment was conducted experimentally using non factorial completely Randomized Design (RAL) consisting of 5 treatment levels and 4 replications to obtain 20 experimental units. Each plot consists of 16 plants and 4 plants as sample. The level of treatment is as follows: Mo: Without giving MOL of vegetable waste, M1: Giving MOL vegetable waste 75 cc / l water, M2: Giving of MOL vegetable waste 150 cc / l water, M3: Giving MOL vegetable waste 225 cc / l water , M4: Giving MOL vegetable waste 300 cc / l waterThe result of this research can be concluded that vegetable MOL has no significant effect on all observed parameters, ie plant height (cm), number of leaf (strands), leaf length (cm), leaf width (cm), wet weight (g) consumption (g).
Political Aspect of Army Ukrainization Process of the Central Council Period
Authors: Chovik Serhiy
Published: December 2018

The problem of military building during the Ukrainian national revolution of 1917-1918 hasbeen investigated in the article. The attitude of Ukrainian political parties of the Central Council period towards the elemental Ukrainization process of imperial Russian army military bases has been exposed. Different vision of place and role of the Ukrainian army in a state-creative process stipulated the creation of two diametrically opposite conceptions of Ukrainian armed forces formation. An attempt to implement these conceptions into life resulted in political opposition between the Ukrainian national parties that weakened the Ukrainian national movement. The opposition between the parties made the creation of a battle-worthy Ukrainian army impossible because the army had to protect the sovereignty of the Ukrainian People’s Republic. The absence of own army deprived Ukrainians the opportunity to defend independence and self-reliance of the state from encroachments of external enemies.

Keywords: national revolution, army Ukrainization, Ukrainian People’s Party, Ukrainian SocialDemocratic Labour Party, M.Mikhnovskyi, S.Petliura, Independists’ statement
Calendar Reform of Bishop H. Khomyshyn and Bukovyna
Authors: Rusnak Oleksandr
Published: December 2018

The article analyzes the main motives for the implementation of calendar reform 1916 of Stanyslaviv Bishop H. Khomyshyn. The attitude of Ukrainian Greek Catholic population of Bukovyna towards the Gregorian calendar is described. The positions of representatives of local clergy and individual politicians are determined.
Keywords: Bukovyna, Hryhorii Khomyshyn, Greek Catholic Church, calendar reform
Strategic Alliances in Knowledge-Intensive Industries: An Integrated View
Authors: Han Yongliang Stanley , Liu Xiang
Published: December 2018

In this study, we examine strategic alliances between large pharmaceutical companies (LPCs) and new biotechnology firms (NBFs) in the knowledge-intensive biopharmaceutical industry in the light of two explanations for the motives behind R&D alliances, namely, the transaction cost explanation and the learning with flexibility explanation. We develop a series of propositions based on an integrated view of the motives behind strategic alliances in knowledge-based industries.
Perfect Secrecy System Based on Chaotic Key Generator
Authors: Ibrahem Mahmood Khalel
Published: December 2018

Shannon defines perfect secrecy for a cryptographic system as such a cryptographic system in which the ciphertext yields no possible information about the plaintext. Diffie and Hellman suggest computationally secure cryptographic systems even if the intercepted data contains sufficient information to allow a unique solution to the cryptographic problems. In this paper, we present the new idea to cipher data called a perfect secrecy and its implementation based on the chaotic maps for generating a one-time random key used to encrypt data. The output ciphertext has been examined and shows perfect random properties.
Development of Science and Practical Activities at Pillar University
Authors: Konovalova Galina M. , Bryukhanova Galina D. , Vorobey Elena K. , Vidishcheva Evgenia V. , Volkov Alexander N. , Kopyrin Andrey S.
Published: December 2018

The article presents the mechanisms, regional effects and the model of refocusing scientific and practical activities of Sochi State University from fragmentary research in certain areas of applied science (in the past) to complex interdisciplinary projects. These projects are being implemented since the university was granted a status of a pillar university in Krasnodar territory and aimed at ensuring sustainable development of Sochi and the region as a whole. As a result of the implementation of the flagship strategic project “Expert-Analytical Center ‘Agency of Modern Technologiesfor SustainableTourism’”, an interdisciplinary expert-analytical,scientific, consulting, and information-communication environment has been formed at Sochi State University in order to increase the efficiency of cooperation between government, business, local consumers and tourist services, as well asto overcome the barriersto the socio-economic development ofthe region and to the natural balance between the generations.The aim isto develop and putinto practice the measurable quantities of forecasting processes in the system “nature – economy – society – man” for the subsequentspreading of acquired experience to other territories.The implementation ofthe project stimulated the growth of university credibility with the regional representatives of the innovation community and allowed to increase the number of industrial partners, the amount of R & D funded from extrabudgetary sources to 82%, including 43% of small and medium businesses.
Educational “Looking Glass”, or “They” and “We”
Authors: Zubarev Vladimir F. , Bondarev Gennadiy A.
Published: December 2018

One of the most important and, according to psychological and pedagogical literature, the least investigated aspects of the domestic system of higher education is the sphere of personal interrelations at the level “teacher – student”. The formation of this type of social relations is a complicated process equally depending on both interested sides, but it is this process that eventually determines the efficiency of the educational process. At present anonymous questioning of both students and teachers is by far the only method of high quality psychodiagnostics of this sphere of educational space. The received findings not only give a more comprehensive idea of the personal characteristics of modern students and the teaching staff of higher schools but can also provide some essential corrective amendments to the organization of the educational process. Anonymous questioning of 400 students of the medical and pediatric faculties of Kursk State Medical University (KSMU) has revealed a number of both quite predictable and fairly unexpected facts concerning the psychological atmosphere at the level “teacher – student”. The received findings to some extent alter the firmly established idea of an elevated ambitiousness of the modern generation of students. Corroborative to it is the objective fact of a lowered personal self-esteem in 38% questioned students of KSMU. The fact of the negative judgment of professional and personal qualities of some teachers (16% of respondents) is alarming and needing thorough consideration and practical conclusions. The comparatively low demand of the recommended to students main academic teaching manuals of the studied disciplines (56%) and the actually unclaimed lectures delivered to them (8%) can be to a great extent explained by their competitive disability in comparison with the short in form but superficial in the contents various kinds of “homebrew” guidance-manuals permanently ranking first in the teachers’ annual rating reports.
Teaching English for Specific Purposes in Russian Universities: A Case of Moscow School of Social and Economic Sciences
Authors: Zavarykina Lubov V.
Published: December 2018

The paper discusses the impact of English for Specific Academic Purposes teaching methodology on developing in-house materials for the course of English for Social Sciences taught at the Moscow School of Social and Economic Sciences. The paper gives examples of the materials and provides results of their evaluation. The case study demonstrates efficiency of the approach to in-house materials development based on collaboration with faculty, teachers of English for Specific Academic Purposes in other disciplines, and students. The approach involves analysis of the materials designed at different stages of the educational process. Research results are assessed through the survey conducted among the students and interviews conducted with faculty members and teachers of English for Specific Academic Purposes. The efficiency of the employed approach makes it possible to use it as a model for developing in-house materials in similar academic contexts in non-linguistic universities.
Tendencies of Russia steel products export and import in 2017–2018
Authors: Zinov’eva N. G.
Published: December 2018

Russia is a big producer and exporter of ferrous metals. Countries of CIS, Europe, Middle East, North Africa and North America are the main markets of Russian ferrous metallurgy products sale. Main indices of Russian steel industry operation quoted. Tendencies in external trade by steel products considered. Dynamics of steel products export and import in 2017–2018 shown. Average prices of export and import operations quoted, as well as data on consumption, the structure of Russian steel products export and import presented by main regions and kinds of rolled products. It was shown, that the structure of the Russian steel products export remains the same within a series of years and is characterized by a high share of semi-products. In the first half of 2018 the steel rolled products export growth was about 4%. Intensive development of steel industry in many countries of the world, particularly in those being net importers of steel products, as well as sanctions against steel products of Russian origin from EC and USA countries will impact on the volume of steel products export from Russia. Internal consumption of steel rolled products has grown in Russia. The increased demand is satisfied by an increase of domestic production, some decrease of export and growth of import. To maintain the competiveness of Russian steel industry at both domestic and international markets it is necessary to continue the modernization of plants, to provide the domestic demand from the steel-consuming industries side.
Development perspectives of metal gas-dynamic stirring in a ladle with a side lance application
Authors: Kopylov G. A. , Protasov A. V.
Published: December 2018

Blow-off of a liquid metal bath through a lance, located in the bottom part of a ladle wall, is usually considered as one of well-known long time ago variant of steel refining in ladle. However, despite a wide repute and availability of a series of advantages, the technology was not widely spread. An estimation of stirring efficiency and splashes formation at different variants of compressed air supply made. The studies were done at a transparent water model with a color indicator application. It was determined, that upper and bottom lances shifting relating to ladle symmetry axle promotes the stirring intensification and simultaneous decrease of splashes height. The best results were obtained at the simultaneous utilization of asymmetrically located submerged lance and a side lance, oriented in gas-liquid flow direction in the bottom part of the vessel. The side lance is more preferable in maintenance, since for them a ladle fringe is not required as in the case with bottom lances, it is not subjected to falling metal stream action as well as to metal and slag residuals action after tapping finishing. It is possible to provide an improvement of stirring conditions and metal tapping by shifting and inclination of a side lance. Industrial tests showed, that a facility for metal blow off through porous insertions, installed in ladle wall, have a high throughput ability, provide a reliable operation within a course of ladle lining campaign without intermediate repair. It does not require capital outlays and can be recommended for industrial application.
Mimesis, network theory and digital social networks
Authors: Machuco Rosa António
Published: December 2018

We analyse the formal theory of networks and the new digital media from the perspective of mimetic theory. It is emphasised that the spatial form of the new media is characterised by distribution functions that are power laws. We  show that this spatial form can be derived from the presence of mimetic desire in digital social networks. Finally, we show that network theory allows the representation of the scapegoat mechanism as it was analysed by René Girard.
Deceit, Desire and the Graphic Novel. Watchmen in the Age of Terror
Authors: Buys Erik
Published: December 2018

The graphic novel Watchmenrepresents a textbook example of literature's revelatory power concerning the mimetic aspects of human desire and interaction. It also describes the scapegoat mechanism as a recurring process that is foundational to human culture. Both themes come together in Tales of the Black Freighter, a tragic "story within the story" of Watchmen, revealing the bleak truth about humanity's denial of the mimetic aspects of human desire and of the scapegoat mechanism.