bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alterations to the Gastrointestinal Microbiome Associated with Methamphetamine Use among Young Men who have Sex with Men
Authors: Cook Ryan R. , Fulcher Jennifer A. , Tobin Nicole H. , Li Fan , Lee David J. , Woodward Cora , Javanbakht Marjan , Brookmeyer Ron , Shoptaw Steve , Bolan Robert , Aldrovandi Grace M. , Gorbach Pamina M.
Published: October 2019

Methamphetamine (MA) use is a major public health problem in the United States, especially among people living with HIV (PLWH). Many MA-induced neurotoxic effects are mediated by inflammation and gut microbiota may play a role in this process, yet the effects of MA on the microbiome have not been adequately explored. Therefore, we performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing on rectal swab samples from 381 men who have sex with men, 48% of whom were PLWH and 41% of whom used MA. We compared microbiome composition between MA users and non-users while testing for potential interactions with HIV and controlling for numerous confounders using inverse probability of treatment weighting. We found that MA use explained significant variation in overall composition (R2 = 0.005, p = 0.008) and was associated with elevated Finegoldia, Parvimonas, Peptoniphilus, and Porphyromonas and reduced Butyricicoccus and Faecalibacterium, among others. Genera including Actinomyces and Streptobacillus interacted with HIV status, such that they were increased in HIV+ MA users. Finegoldia and Peptoniphilus increased with increasing frequency of MA use, among others. In summary, MA use was associated with a microbial imbalance favoring pro-inflammatory bacteria, including some with neuroactive potential and others that have previously been associated with poor HIV outcomes.
Phosphorus-acquisition strategies of canola, wheat and barley in soil amended with sewage sludges
Authors: Nobile C. , Houben D. , Michel E. , Firmin S. , Lambers H. , Kandeler E. , Faucon M.-P.
Published: October 2019

Crops have different strategies to acquire poorly-available soil phosphorus (P) which are dependent on their architectural, morphological, and physiological root traits, but their capacity to enhance P acquisition varies with the type of fertilizer applied. The objective of this study was to examine how P-acquisition strategies of three main crops are affected by the application of sewage sludges, compared with a mineral P fertilizer. We carried out a 3-months greenhouse pot experiment and compared the response of P-acquisition traits among wheat, barley and canola in a soil amended with three sludges or a mineral P fertilizer. Results showed that the P-acquisition strategy differed among crops. Compared with canola, wheat and barley had a higher specific root length and a greater root carboxylate release and they acquired as much P from sludge as from mineral P. By contrast, canola shoot P content was greater with sludge than with mineral P. This was attributed to a higher root-released acid phosphatase activity which promoted the mineralization of sludge-derived P-organic. This study showed that contrasted P-acquisition strategies of crops allows increased use of renewable P resources by optimizing combinations of crop and the type of P fertilizer applied within the cropping system.
The dosing of aerobic exercise therapy on experimentally-induced pain in healthy female participants
Authors: Polaski Anna M. , Phelps Amy L. , Szucs Kimberly A. , Ramsey Austin M. , Kostek Matthew C. , Kolber Benedict J.
Published: October 2019

Knowledge of efficacious dosing respective to exercise type and pain condition is extremely limited in the literature. This study aimed to determine the impact of dose of moderate intensity treadmill walking on experimentally-induced pain in healthy human participants. Forty females were divided into 4 groups: control (no exercise), low dose exercise (3×/wk), moderate dose exercise (5×/wk) or high dose exercise (10×/wk). Over a 7-day period, subjects performed treadmill walking during assigned exercise days. Both qualitative and quantitative measures of pain were measured at baseline, during the trial, and 24 hrs post-final intervention session via sensitivity thresholds to painful thermal and painful pressure stimulation. Significant effects of treatment were found post-intervention for constant pressure pain intensity (p = 0.0016) and pain unpleasantness ratings (p = 0.0014). Post-hoc tests revealed significant differences between control and moderate and control and high dose groups for constant pressure pain intensity (p = 0.0015), (p = 0.0094), respectively and constant pressure pain unpleasantness (p = 0.0040), (p = 0.0040), respectively. Moderate and high dose groups had the greatest reductions in ratings of pain, suggesting that our lowest dose of exercise was not sufficient to reduce pain and that the moderate dose of exercise may be a sufficient starting dose for exercise-based adjuvant pain therapy.
Downregulation of B7-H4 suppresses tumor progression of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Dong Lijie , Xie Lulu , Li Minjing , Dai Hanhan , Wang Xia , Wang Peiyuan , Zhang Qiang , Liu Wei , Hu Xuemei , Zhao Mingdong
Published: October 2019

B7-H4, as a member of the B7 superfamily, was overexpressed in various types of cancers. However, the effects of B7-H4 on the aggressiveness of HCC and the underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully explored. For this purpose, B7-H4 expression was detected by Flow cytometry and Western blotting, it was highly expressed in several HCC cell lines but not in normal LO2 cell line. Knockdown B7-H4 expression induced HCC cells apoptosis by flow cytometry and colony formation assays and increased several apoptosis-related proteins, including survivin, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-7, and Bax, while the pro-growth protein survivin was reduced. Then the proliferation and cell cycle were suppressed after treated by siB7-H4. Moreover, the level of B7-H4 was significantly correlated with cell migration. In vivo, intra-tumor injection of siRNA targeting B7-H4 can significantly inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells in nude mice. Finally, regions of interest were manually traced on T1WI, T2WI, DWI and ADC of MR images. ADC values were increased in HCC xenografts after B7-H4 siRNA treatment. These data indicated that downregulation of B7-H4 suppressed the proliferation and migration and promoted apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Blocking the B7-H4 channel might be a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC.
Occurrence of Bacterial Markers and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Sub-Saharan Rivers Receiving Animal Farm Wastewaters
Authors: Al Salah Dhafer Mohammed M. , Laffite Amandine , Poté John
Published: October 2019

Antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes which confer resistance to antibiotics from human/animal sources are currently considered a serious environmental and a public health concern. This problem is still little investigated in aquatic environment of developing countries according to the different climatic conditions. In this research, the total bacterial load, the abundance of relevant bacteria (Escherichia coli (E. coli), Enterococcus (Ent), and Pseudomonas), and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs: blaOXA-48, blaCTX-M, sul1, sul2, sul3, and tet(B)) were quantified using Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) in sediments from two rivers receiving animal farming wastewaters under tropical conditions in Kinshasa, capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Human and pig host-specific markers were exploited to examine the sources of contamination. The total bacterial load correlated with relevant bacteria and genes blaOXA-48, sul3, and tet(B) (P value < 0.01). E. coli strongly correlated with 16s rDNA, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas spp., blaOXA-48, sul3, and tet(B) (P value < 0.01) and with blaCTX-M, sul1, and sul2 at a lower magnitude (P value < 0.05). The most abundant and most commonly detected ARGs were sul1, and sul2. Our findings confirmed at least two sources of contamination originating from pigs and anthropogenic activities and that animal farm wastewaters didn’t exclusively contribute to antibiotic resistance profile. Moreover, our analysis sheds the light on developing countries where less than adequate infrastructure or lack of it adds to the complexity of antibiotic resistance proliferation with potential risks to the human exposure and aquatic living organisms. This research presents useful tools for the evaluation of emerging microbial contaminants in aquatic ecosystems which can be applied in the similar environment.
Methylation content sensitive enzyme ddRAD (MCSeEd): a reference-free, whole genome profiling system to address cytosine/adenine methylation changes
Authors: Marconi Gianpiero , Capomaccio Stefano , Comino Cinzia , Acquadro Alberto , Portis Ezio , Porceddu Andrea , Albertini Emidio
Published: October 2019

Methods for investigating DNA methylation nowadays either require a reference genome and high coverage, or investigate only CG methylation. Moreover, no large-scale analysis can be performed for N6-methyladenosine (6 mA) at an affordable price. Here we describe the methylation content sensitive enzyme double-digest restriction-site-associated DNA (ddRAD) technique (MCSeEd), a reduced-representation, reference-free, cost-effective approach for characterizing whole genome methylation patterns across different methylation contexts (e.g., CG, CHG, CHH, 6 mA). MCSeEd can also detect genetic variations among hundreds of samples. MCSeEd is based on parallel restrictions carried out by combinations of methylation insensitive and sensitive endonucleases, followed by next-generation sequencing. Moreover, we present a robust bioinformatic pipeline (available athttps://bitbucket.org/capemaster/mcseed/src/master/) for differential methylation analysis combined with single nucleotide polymorphism calling without or with a reference genome.
Self-DNA release and STING-dependent sensing drives inflammation to cigarette smoke in mice
Authors: Nascimento Mégane , Gombault Aurélie , Lacerda-Queiroz Norinne , Panek Corinne , Savigny Florence , Sbeity Malak , Bourinet Manon , Le Bert Marc , Riteau Nicolas , Ryffel Bernhard , Quesniaux Valérie F. J. , Couillin Isabelle
Published: October 2019

Cigarette smoke exposure is a leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a major health issue characterized by airway inflammation with fibrosis and emphysema. Here we demonstrate that acute exposure to cigarette smoke causes respiratory barrier damage with the release of self-dsDNA in mice. This triggers the DNA sensor cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING), driving type I interferon (IFN I) dependent lung inflammation, which are attenuated in cGAS, STING or type I interferon receptor (IFNAR) deficient mice. Therefore, we demonstrate a critical role of self-dsDNA release and of the cGAS-STING-type I interferon pathway upon cigarette smoke-induced damage, which may lead to therapeutic targets in COPD.
Author Correction: Gate Tuning of Synaptic Functions Based on Oxygen Vacancy Distribution Control in Four-Terminal TiO2−x Memristive Devices
Authors: Nagata Zenya , Shimizu Takuma , Isaka Tsuyoshi , Tohei Tetsuya , Ikarashi Nobuyuki , Sakai Akira
Published: October 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Plant sulphur metabolism is stimulated by photorespiration
Authors: Abadie Cyril , Tcherkez Guillaume
Published: October 2019

Intense efforts have been devoted to describe the biochemical pathway of plant sulphur (S) assimilation from sulphate. However, essential information on metabolic regulation of S assimilation is still lacking, such as possible interactions between S assimilation, photosynthesis and photorespiration. In particular, does S assimilation scale with photosynthesis thus ensuring sufficient S provision for amino acids synthesis? This lack of knowledge is problematic because optimization of photosynthesis is a common target of crop breeding and furthermore, photosynthesis is stimulated by the inexorable increase in atmospheric CO2. Here, we used high-resolution 33S and 13C tracing technology with NMR and LC-MS to access direct measurement of metabolic fluxes in S assimilation, when photosynthesis and photorespiration are varied via the gaseous composition of the atmosphere (CO2, O2). We show that S assimilation is stimulated by photorespiratory metabolism and therefore, large photosynthetic fluxes appear to be detrimental to plant cell sulphur nutrition.
Conventional Gas Chromatography: Basic Principles and Instrumental Aspects
Authors: Poole Colin F.
Published: October 2019

In this chapter, the basic principles of retention, efficiency and resolution in gas chromatography with open-tubular columns are outlined. Column technology with a focus on stationary-phase chemistry for wall-coated open-tubular columns, and in particular stationary-phase characterization, is described. Common methods of sample introduction using hot vaporizing, cold on-column and programmed temperature vaporizer injectors are described, as well as options for detection using ionization-based, bulk property and optical detectors.
Conventional Gas Chromatography: Mass Spectrometry Hyphenation and Applications in Food Analysis
Authors: Janssen Hans-Gerd , Cicourel Alan García , Tranchida Peter Q.
Published: October 2019

This chapter describes gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) principles and instrumentation, in particular related to the ionization mode (both hard and softer ionization approaches are discussed) and to the most popular types of mass analyzers. Attention is also devoted to other less-common but powerful MS devices. Several GC-MS food investigations are described, covering different types of instrumentation, and topics within the context of food analysis.
High-speed Gas Chromatography: Basic Theory, General Principles, Practical Aspects and Food Analysis
Authors: Tranchida Peter Q. , Mondello Luigi
Published: October 2019

High-speed gas chromatography (GC) is the focus of the present chapter, involving four of the most common routes to shorten GC analysis times: micro-bore columns, low-pressure outlet conditions, resistive heating and short capillary columns. The description of each methodology will by accompanied by basic principles and theory, along with practical issues. The use of four types of mass spectrometry (single- and triple-quadrupole, low- and high-resolution time-of-flight), along with other less-powerful forms of detection, are reported in the food analysis section. Finally, the strong and weak points of each high-speed GC approach are highlighted.
Heart-cutting Two-dimensional Gas Chromatography
Authors: Schmarr Hans-Georg
Published: October 2019

Multidimensional gas chromatography (MDGC) offers superior separation efficiency when compared with one-dimensional GC. The selective transfer of target analytes onto a second and independent separation column is best achieved with heart-cutting two-dimensional GC, herein defined as “MDGC”. Particularly in food analysis with often complex matrices, MDGC can drastically reduce the risk of co-elutions that can otherwise interfere with detection of the analytes of interest. The present chapter summarizes current technical implementations for column flow switching, presents optimization concepts, describes recent trends, reports on important applications particularly in the fields of flavor analysis and authenticity control, and concludes with a future perspective on chip-based MDGC.
Comprehensive Two-dimensional Gas Chromatography
Authors: Tranchida Peter Q. , Mondello Luigi
Published: October 2019

This chapter contains information related to the use of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) for the analysis of compounds contained in food products. General principles, basic theory and practical issues, along with instrumental features, are reported. In particular, and apart from other forms of detection, the use of various forms of mass spectrometry (MS) is described in detail. A series of GC×GC food-related applications (untargeted, targeted and fingerprinting), using both MS and non-MS detectors, are critically discussed.
Gas Chromatography–Olfactometry: Principles, Practical Aspects and Applications in Food Analysis
Authors: Steinhaus M.
Published: October 2019

Today, sensory aspects are the major driver for consumers’ food selection. Among the sensory-active compounds in food, odorants play a major role. The olfactory profile of a food is basically determined by a comparably small number of key odorants, typically in the range of 10–20. Toward the identification of these key food odorants, gas chromatography–olfactometry (GC-O) is a key technique. With little effort, GC-O allows the screening of the volatiles isolated from a food for odor-active compounds and to distinguish them from the majority of odorless volatiles. Gas chromatography–olfactometry is based on using the human nose as a GC detector in parallel to a second detector such as a flame ionization detector or a mass spectrometer. Special care must be taken with sample preparation to avoid compound degradation and the formation of odor-active artifacts. On the basis of the GC-O results, the key odorants in a food can be determined after exact quantitation of potent odorants and calculation of odor activity values followed by sensory evaluation of odor reconstitution models. In food research, GC-O can be applied, for example, to discover novel odorants, to elucidate the molecular basis of varietal aroma differences and off-flavors and to optimize food processing, as well as to approximate odor thresholds, particularly in structure/odor relation studies.
Single droplet detection of immune checkpoints on a multiplexed electrohydrodynamic biosensor
Authors: Wuethrich Alain , Rajkumar Aswin Raj , Shanmugasundaram Karthik Balaji , Reza Kamil K. , Dey Shuvashis , Howard Christopher B. , Sina Abu Ali Ibn , Trau Matt
Published: October 2019

A nanofluidic mixing-enhanced biosensor enables parallel detection of soluble PD-1, PD-L1, and LAG-3 immune checkpoints in minute liquid biopsy samples.
Correction: Analysis of long dsRNA produced in vitro and in vivo using atomic force microscopy in conjunction with ion-pair reverse-phase HPLC
Authors: Nwokeoji Alison O. , Kumar Sandip , Kilby Peter M. , Portwood David E. , Hobbs Jamie K. , Dickman Mark J.
Published: October 2019

Correction for ‘Analysis of long dsRNA produced in vitro and in vivo using atomic force microscopy in conjunction with ion-pair reverse-phase HPLC’ by Alison O. Nwokeoji, et al., Analyst, 2019, 144, 4985–4994.
Arsenic detection in water using microfluidic detection systems based on the leucomalachite green method
Authors: Lace Annija , Ryan David , Bowkett Mark , Cleary John
Published: October 2019

This work describes the first use of microfluidic detection technology for arsenic detection in water using leucomalachite green dye.
Programmed delivery of cyclopeptide RA-V and antisense oligonucleotides for combination therapy on hypoxic tumors and for therapeutic self-monitoring
Authors: Yao Yongrong , Feng Li , Wang Zhe , Chen Huachao , Tan Ninghua
Published: October 2019

A pH-sensitive chemosensitization nanosystem (RA/RX Liposome) for highly selective therapy against hypoxic tumors and achieving precise therapeutic monitoring with the light-up fluorescence of the caspase-8 probe.
A catalytically relevant intermediate in the synthesis of cyclic polymers from alkynes
Authors: Roland Christopher D. , Zhang Tianyu , VenkatRamani Sudarsan , Ghiviriga Ion , Veige Adam S.
Published: October 2019

A tungsten metallacyclopentadiene complex is generated upon treating a trianionic pincer tungsten alkylidyne with dipropargyl fluorene.
Composition-tailored ZnMgO nanoparticles for electron transport layers of highly efficient and bright InP-based quantum dot light emitting diodes
Authors: Moon Hyungsuk , Lee Woosuk , Kim Jungwoo , Lee Daehee , Cha Soonmin , Shin Sangyeon , Chae Heeyeop
Published: October 2019

The energy diagram of InP-based QLEDs and EQE enhancement by tailored-ZnMgO ETLs.
Influences of As(v), Sb(iii), and Hg(ii) ions on the nucleation and growth of akaganeite
Authors: Villacorta Verónica , García Karen Edilma , Greneche Jean-Marc , Barrero César Augusto
Published: October 2019

The physico-chemical properties of akaganeite are known to be modified when formed in the presence of ions, but there are no reports on these effects for arsenic, antimony and mercury.
Band gap engineering and transport properties of Ba2In2O5: effect of fluorine doping and hydration
Authors: Vlasov Maxim I. , Tarasova Nataliia A. , Galisheva Anzhelika O. , Animitsa Irina E. , Ananyev Maxim V.
Published: October 2019

This work discusses the effect of fluorine doping and hydration on the band gap width (Eg) of Ba2In2O5. Several correlations between the Eg behavior and the conductivity properties of the oxide were revealed.
Fluorine conformational effects characterized by energy decomposition analysis
Authors: Díaz Natalia , Jiménez-Grávalos Fernando , Suárez Dimas , Francisco Evelio , Martín-Pendás Ángel
Published: October 2019

Fluorine associated classical and quantum effects are quantified by the interacting quantum atoms method to identify the factors controlling the conformation in organofluorine molecules.
Fast screening of homogeneous catalysis mechanisms using graph-driven searches and approximate quantum chemistry
Authors: Robertson Christopher , Habershon Scott
Published: October 2019

Automatic analysis of competing mechanisms.
A comparative study on the nickel binding ability of peptides containing separate cysteinyl residues
Authors: Szunyog Györgyi , Laskai Aliz , Szűcs Dóra , Sóvágó Imre , Várnagy Katalin
Published: October 2019

The different metal binding affinities of two cysteine containing oligopeptides are related to the different binding modes of the major species.
C–H and C–F bond activation reactions of pentafluorostyrene at rhodium complexes
Authors: Xu Conghui , Talavera Maria , Sander Stefan , Braun Thomas
Published: October 2019

Reactions of various Rh(i) complexes towards penta-fluorostyrene or its borylated derivative afforded coordination and C–F bond or C–H bond activation reactions.
Concluding remarks for “Mechanistic Processes in Organometallic Chemistry”: the importance of a multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Eisenstein Odile
Published: October 2019

The Faraday Discussions meeting on Mechanistic Processes in Organometallic Chemistry was a brilliant occasion to assemble chemists from diverse sub-disciplines to discuss the progress and limitations of the study of reaction mechanisms using organometallic systems for stoichiometric or catalytic reactions.
Effect of secondary heat-induced aggregation on pork meat batter protein conformation, hydration characteristics, textural quality and in vitro digestibility
Authors: Han Zongyuan , Zhang Junlong , Li Chunqiang , Zhao Di , Yue Xiqing , Shao Jun-Hua
Published: October 2019

SH has caused fierce aggregation and the conformation transition from α-helix to β-sheets, which resulted in the decrease of WHC, textural quality and in vitro digestibility.
Comparative study on the interaction of oxyresveratrol and piceatannol with trypsin and lysozyme: binding ability, activity and stability
Authors: Liu Min , Liu Tingting , Shi Yabo , Zhao Yanna , Yan Hui , Sun Bin , Wang Qingpeng , Wang Zhengping , Han Jun
Published: October 2019

The presence of trypsin and lysozyme affected the aqueous stability and antioxidant activity of PIC and OXY.
Highly water soluble agrichemicals by using engineered organic salts for reducing adverse environmental impacts
Authors: Carvalho Paulo S. , Guimarães Gelton G. F. , Diniz Luan F. , Ellena Javier , Ribeiro Caue
Published: October 2019

Enhanced water-solubility of ametryn herbicide is achieved by means of crystal engineering approach, providing an alternative for the production of reduced and high efficiency agrochemical dosage formulations.
Diastereoselective synthesis of CF3-oxazinoquinolines in water
Authors: Muzalevskiy Vasiliy M. , Belyaeva Kseniya V. , Trofimov Boris A. , Nenajdenko Valentine G.
Published: October 2019

A highly efficient stereoselective synthesis of CF3-oxazinoquinolines was elaborated using the reaction of CF3-ynones with quinolines in water.
Continuous synthesis of carbon dots with full spectrum fluorescence and the mechanism of their multiple color emission
Authors: Shao Meng , Yu Qin , Jing Nan , Cheng Yu , Wang Dong , Wang Yun-Dong , Xu Jian-Hong
Published: October 2019

Continuous synthesis of carbon dots with full-spectrum fluorescence and the mechanism of their multiple color emission and applications.
Probing transport limitations in thick sintered battery electrodes with neutron imaging
Authors: Nie Ziyang , Ong Samuel , Hussey Daniel S. , LaManna Jacob M. , Jacobson David L. , Koenig Gary M.
Published: October 2019

Neutron images indicating redistribution of lithium during discharge at different rates for a battery containing thick sintered electrodes.
Organometallic chemistry of new carbon materials. Structure and dynamic behavior of group 6 metal tricabonyl complexes of graphene and perforated graphene: a DFT study
Authors: Zhulyaev N. S. , Gloriozov I. P. , Nechaev M. S. , Gam F. , Oprunenko Yu. F. , Saillard J.-Y.
Published: October 2019

Low energy barriers are found for inter-ring haptotropic rearrangements on large PAH ligands.
First-principles and experimental investigation of carbon-coated MoS2 hollow nanosphere heterogeneous structures with enhanced hydrogen evolution performance
Authors: Ren Jie , Wang Zhenguo , Feng Yu , Guo Bangjun , Yu Ke , Zhu Ziqiang
Published: October 2019

A composite heterostructure hollow-MoS2/C prepared using a two-step synthesis method as a highly efficient hydrogen evolution catalytic material.
Nanoscale morphology, tribology and electrical properties of polyaniline/graphene oxide/LAPONITE® composites investigated using atomic force microscopy
Authors: Ramphal Isaac Alexander , Hagerman Michael Eugene
Published: October 2019

A thorough comparative AFM study of how different conductive polyaniline loadings affect the nanoscale properties of conductive polymer composite surfaces.
3D architectures with Co2(OH)2CO3 nanowires wrapped by reduced graphene oxide as superior rate anode materials for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Dong Yutao , Ma Yuhang , Li Yongsheng , Niu Meiting , Yang Jie , Song Xuechao , Li Dan , Liu Yushan , Zhang Jianmin
Published: October 2019

3D Co2(OH)2CO3/rGO has been developed to improve kinetics and mechanical stability for high power LIBs with superior rate capacity retention and long cycling stability.
Tunable energy storage capacity of two-dimensional Ti3C2Txmodified by a facile two-step pillaring strategy for high performance supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Li Yahui , Deng Yanan , Zhang Jianfeng , Han Ye , Zhang Weiwei , Yang Xiaoyan , Zhang Xin , Jiang Wan
Published: October 2019

This paper proposed to tailor the layer microstructures of two-dimensional Ti3C2Txviaa facile Li+pre-pillaring and successive pillaring strategy by various cations.
Tree-inspired radially aligned, bimodal graphene frameworks for highly efficient and isotropic thermal transport
Authors: Bo Zheng , Zhu Hanrui , Ying Chongyan , Yang Huachao , Wu Shenghao , Kong Jing , Yang Shiling , Wei Xiu , Yan Jianhua , Cen Kefa
Published: October 2019

Highly-oriented, interconnected graphene frameworks have been considered as promising candidates to realize high-performance thermal management in microelectronics.
Dynamic covalent chemistry in polymer networks: a mechanistic perspective
Authors: Winne Johan M. , Leibler Ludwik , Du Prez Filip E.
Published: October 2019

A selection of dynamic chemistries is highlighted, with a focus on the reaction mechanisms of molecular network rearrangements, and on how mechanistic profiles can be related to the mechanical and physicochemical properties of polymer materials.
Synthesis of a cyclic poly(methyl acrylate) via topological transformation of a [1]rotaxane
Authors: Nakazono Kazuko , Ogawa Takahiro , Takata Toshikazu
Published: October 2019

Effective linear-to-cyclic polymer topology transformation of poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) utilizing the translocation property of the introduced [1]rotaxane unit.
Reaction mechanisms of iron(iii) catalyzed carbonyl–olefin metatheses in 2,5- and 3,5-hexadienals: significant substituent and aromaticity effects
Authors: Chen Dandan , Zhuang Danling , Zhao Yu , Xie Qiong , Zhu Jun
Published: October 2019

Theoretical calculations reveal significant substituent and aromaticity effects on Fe(iii)-catalyzed carbonyl–olefin metatheses of hexadienals.
Visible-light-driven CQDs@MIL-125(Ti) nanocomposite photocatalyst with enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of tetracycline
Authors: Li Zhi , Che Guangbo , Jiang Wei , Liu Lihui , Wang Hairui
Published: October 2019

A novel CQDs@MIL-125(Ti) photocatalyst had been synthesized by a facile solvothermal process for the degradation of TC. The possible degradation mechanism was proposed based on the active species trapping experiments.
Preparation supported heteropoly (acid)/polyaniline catalysts and catalytic synthesis of tributyl citrate
Authors: Wang Limin , Ding Bin , Zhang Miao
Published: October 2019

A series of polyaniline supported heteropoly acids were prepared through a simple method at room temperature.
Structures and characteristics of atomically thin ZrO2from monolayer to bilayer and two-dimensional ZrO2–MoS2heterojunction
Authors: Weng Junhui , Gao Shang-Peng
Published: October 2019

The ultrathin ZrO2dielectric layer reveals structural stability in contrast to its bulk form, large band gap and high dielectric constant.
NCPCDA: network consistency projection for circRNA–disease association prediction
Authors: Li Guanghui , Yue Yingjie , Liang Cheng , Xiao Qiu , Ding Pingjian , Luo Jiawei
Published: October 2019

A network consistency projection model for predicting novel circRNA–disease interactions.
Effect of template type on the preparation of the emeraldine salt form of polyaniline (PANI-ES) with horseradish peroxidase isoenzyme C (HRPC) and hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Fujisaki Tomoyuki , Kashima Keita , Serrano-Luginbühl Sandra , Kissner Reinhard , Bajuk-Bogdanović Danica , Milojević-Rakić Maja , Ćirić-Marjanović Gordana , Busato Stephan , Lizundia Erlantz , Walde Peter
Published: October 2019

Different types of templates consisting of sulfonate or sulfate groups were compared for the horseradish peroxidase/H2O2-catalysed synthesis of the emeraldine salt form of polyaniline from aniline at pH = 4.3.
Oxidant-free, three-component synthesis of 7-amino-6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-ones under green conditions
Authors: Vachan B. S. , Ramesh Aishwarya , Karuppasamy Muthu , Muthukrishnan Isravel , Nagarajan Subbiah , Menéndez J. Carlos , Maheswari C. Uma , Sridharan Vellaisamy
Published: October 2019

Three-component synthesis of 7-amino-6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-ones was achieved under oxidant-free green conditions.
Heterocyclic iodoniums as versatile synthons to approach diversified polycyclic heteroarenes
Authors: Zhu Daqian , Wu Zhouming , Liang Liyun , Sun Yameng , Luo Bingling , Huang Peng , Wen Shijun
Published: October 2019

The transformation of heterocyclic iodoniums led to the construction of heterocycles with a high structural diversity.
Strong dual emission in covalent organic frameworks induced by ESIPT
Authors: Yin Hua-Qing , Yin Fangfei , Yin Xue-Bo
Published: October 2019

The introduction of hydroxyl groups and n-butyl groups into COF-4-OH for the construction of COFs with strong dual emission was demonstrated.
DeltaDelta neural networks for lead optimization of small molecule potency
Authors: Jiménez-Luna José , Pérez-Benito Laura , Martínez-Rosell Gerard , Sciabola Simone , Torella Rubben , Tresadern Gary , De Fabritiis Gianni
Published: October 2019

Machine learning approach tailored for ranking congeneric series based on 3D-convolutional neural networks tested it on over 3246 ligands and 13 targets.
An advanced and highly efficient Ce assisted NiFe-LDH electrocatalyst for overall water splitting
Authors: Jadhav Harsharaj S. , Roy Animesh , Desalegan Bezawit Z. , Seo Jeong Gil
Published: October 2019

A room-temperature synthesized NiFeCe2 electrocatalyst delivered a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a cell voltage of 1.59 V when used as the electrolyzer.
A functionalized ruthenium-graphene nanosheet photocatalyst for highly regioselective visible light driven C–H arylation of imidazo-pyrimidines
Authors: Yadav Rajesh K. , Kumar Abhishek , Park No-Joong , Yadav Dolly , Kim Jae Young , Baeg Jin-Ook
Published: October 2019

The development of a nitrogen doped graphene nanosheet photocatalyst for C–H arylation of imidazo-pyrimidines in high yield and high regioselectivity at the C-3 position is disclosed herein.
Enhanced catalytic activity of nanostructured, A-site deficient (La0.7Sr0.3)0.95(Co0.2Fe0.8)O3−δ for SOFC cathodes
Authors: Celikbilek Ozden , Thieu Cam-Anh , Agnese Fabio , Calì Eleonora , Lenser Christian , Menzler Norbert H. , Son Ji-Won , Skinner Stephen J. , Djurado Elisabeth
Published: October 2019

Significant enhancement in the catalytic activity of the benchmark (LaSr)(CoFe)O3−δ (LSCF) electrode is obtained by modifying the A-site non-stoichiometry.
Engineering a “nanonet”-reinforced polymer electrolyte for long-life Li–O2batteries
Authors: Zhao Changtai , Liang Jianneng , Zhao Yang , Luo Jing , Sun Qian , Liu Yulong , Lin Xiaoting , Yang Xiaofei , Huang Huan , Zhang Li , Zhao Shangqian , Lu Shigang , Sun Xueliang
Published: October 2019

A nanowire-film-reinforced hybrid gel polymer electrolyte is developed; the Li–O2battery with this hybrid electrolyte delivers an ultralong cycle life of up to 494 cycles.
Redox potential regulation toward suppressing hydrogen evolution in aqueous sodium-ion batteries: Na1.5Ti1.5Fe0.5(PO4)3
Authors: Qiu Yuegang , Yu Yonghui , Xu Jia , Liu Yi , Ou Mingyang , Sun Shixiong , Wei Peng , Deng Zhi , Xu Yue , Fang Chun , Li Qing , Han Jiantao , Huang Yunhui
Published: October 2019

The redox potential regulation strategy effectively prevented the potential overlap between sodiation and hydrogen evolution in the charging process.
Plasma-enhanced atomic-layer-deposited gallium nitride as an electron transport layer for planar perovskite solar cells
Authors: Wei Huiyun , Wu Jionghua , Qiu Peng , Liu Sanjie , He Yingfeng , Peng Mingzeng , Li Dongmei , Meng Qingbo , Zaera Francisco , Zheng Xinhe
Published: October 2019

Plasma-enhanced atomic-layer-deposited GaN thin-films have been introduced into planar perovskite solar cells as electron transport layers.
In search of the most active MN4 catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction. The case of perfluorinated Fe phthalocyanine
Authors: Abarca Gabriel , Viera Marco , Aliaga Carolina , Marco José F. , Orellana Walter , Zagal José H. , Tasca Federico
Published: October 2019

Perfluorinated Fe phthalocyanine. Sitting at the top of the volcano correlation for the oxygen reduction reaction.
Stepwise dual pH and redox-responsive cross-linked polypeptide nanoparticles for enhanced cellular uptake and effective cancer therapy
Authors: Qu Jing , Wang Rui , Peng Si , Shi Mengyao , Yang Sheng-Tao , Luo Jian-bin , Lin Juan , Zhou Qing-han
Published: October 2019

The systemic toxicity, reduced cellular internalization, and uncontrollable intracellular drug release of smart nanoparticles (NPs) still need to be overcome for effective cancer therapy.
Using a mixed ionic electronic conductor to build an analog memristive device with neuromorphic programming capabilities
Authors: Maas Klaasjan , Villepreux Edouard , Cooper David , Jiménez Carmen , Roussel Hervé , Rapenne Laetitia , Mescot Xavier , Rafhay Quentin , Boudard Michel , Burriel Mónica
Published: October 2019

The mixed ionic-electronic conductor La2NiO4+δ is used to build interface-type valence-change memories showing transient, multilevel and analog-type memristive properties.
Metal ion-induced coordination and cyclization of crown ether-based bisindolylmaleimides: different fluorescence responses and applications in complex logical operations
Authors: Huang Qiuqin , Liu Zhengde , Huang Limei , Lin Zhenghuan , Ling Qidan
Published: October 2019

Bisindolylmaleimide derivatives with crown ether display different interaction mechanisms with metal ions: coordination and oxidative cyclization, causing red and green emission, respectively, which can be used to construct advanced logic systems.
Purification by SPS and formation of a unique 3D nanoscale network: the showcase of Ni–Cr–S
Authors: Groß H. , Dankwort T. , Hansen A.-L. , Schürmann U. , Duppel V. , Poschmann M. , Meingast A. , Groeneveld D. , König J. , Bensch W. , Kienle L.
Published: October 2019

The occurrence of a unique 3D nanoscale network in Ni–Cr–S, treatedviaspark-plasma sintering, was discovered with a variety ofex situandin situTEM and XRD techniques.
Enhancing the device efficiency by filling the traps in photoanodes
Authors: Sudhakar Vediappan , Krishnamoorthy Kothandam
Published: October 2019

Hydrazine filled the trap states in TiO2. The DSSCs with trap-filled photoanodes exhibited a 2% higher efficiency than the control devices.
Influence of the acceptor crystallinity on the open-circuit voltage in PTB7-Th: ITIC organic solar cells
Authors: Wang Xiaojing , Yang Yidong , He Zhicai , Wu Hongbin , Cao Yong
Published: October 2019

The influence of the solution components on theVOCin PTB7-Th: ITIC organic solar cells was studied by several analytical techniques (AFM, GIWAXS, EL), focusing on an inside understanding to the mechanism of the active layer morphology on theVOC.
Examining the Validity of the World Health Organization's Long-Standing Hearing Impairment Grading System for Unaided Communication in Age-Related Hearing Loss
Authors: Humes Larry E.
Published: October 2019

Objective

This review article overviews a presentation at the Hearing Across the Lifespan 2018 Conference, which examined the data from 5 data sets having pure-tone thresholds and functional measures of speech communication from relatively large groups of older adults to evaluate the validity of the long-standing World Health Organization (WHO) hearing impairment (HI) grading system.

Design

This was a review of studies identified from the literature having both pure-tone audiometry and functional measures of speech communication from relatively large samples of older adults.

Study sample

Three population or population–sample data sets and 2 clinical data sets were identified and included in the review.

Results

As the WHO-HI grade progressed from “normal” to “severe” (insufficient data from older adults were available for the “profound” category), each step in this progression led to a significant difference in functional communication relative to all other WHO-HI grades. This was true for self-report measures of speech communication and direct measures of speech recognition in quiet and noise. Cohen's
d
effect sizes were moderate to very large between each successive step on the WHO-HI grading scale.

Conclusions

The long-standing WHO-HI grading system, developed through expert opinion and adopted by WHO originally in 1991, is validated here with evidence from studies of functional communication in older adults. The WHO-HI grade system is compared to a proposed new WHO-HI grade system that introduces several changes to the grading system.
Incidence Rates of Tinnitus in Active Duty Military Service Members Between 2001 and 2015
Authors: Moore Brian A. , Moring John C. , Hale Willie J. , Peterson Alan L.
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Due to hazards in the contemporary operating environment, U.S. military service members are at increased risk for tinnitus. Previous research has characterized tinnitus prevalence in military veterans, but no population-based study of tinnitus has been conducted in active duty military service members. This study evaluated the incidence of tinnitus diagnoses in military electronic health records based on International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision (ICD-9) codes for active duty service members between 2001 and 2015.

Method

Data on 85,438 active duty military service members who served between 2001 and 2015 were drawn from the Defense Medical Epidemiological Database and stratified by race, age, sex, marital status, service branch, and military pay grade.

Results

The incidence rate of tinnitus in U.S. military service members (per 1,000) rose consistently from 1.84 in 2001 to 6.33 in 2015. Service members most often diagnosed with tinnitus were White (72%), married (72%), males (88%), in the enlisted pay grade of E-5 to E-9 (55%), in the Army (37%), and were 35 years of age or older (50%). Statistically significant differences (
p
< .001) were found between observed and expected counts across all 6 demographic variables.

Conclusions

This is the first study to assess the incidence rates of tinnitus in active duty service members. Although there are many risk factors for auditory damage in the contemporary military operating environment, the extant literature on tinnitus in active duty military service members is limited. Future studies should consider the relationship between tinnitus-related psychological comorbidity and objective health-related quality of life, as it impacts operational readiness in active duty military service members.
Effects of Vocabulary and Implicit Linguistic Knowledge on Speech Recognition in Adverse Listening Conditions
Authors: Fletcher Annalise , McAuliffe Megan , Kerr Sarah , Sinex Donal
Published: October 2019

Purpose

This study aims to examine the combined influence of vocabulary knowledge and statistical properties of language on speech recognition in adverse listening conditions. Furthermore, it aims to determine whether any effects identified are more salient at particular levels of signal degradation.

Method

One hundred three young healthy listeners transcribed phrases presented at 4 different signal-to-noise ratios, which were coded for recognition accuracy. Participants also completed tests of hearing acuity, vocabulary knowledge, nonverbal intelligence, processing speed, and working memory.

Results

Vocabulary knowledge and working memory demonstrated independent effects on word recognition accuracy when controlling for hearing acuity, nonverbal intelligence, and processing speed. These effects were strongest at the same moderate level of signal degradation. Although listener variables were statistically significant, their effects were subtle in comparison to the influence of word frequency and phonological content. These language-based factors had large effects on word recognition at all signal-to-noise ratios.

Discussion

Language experience and working memory may have complementary effects on accurate word recognition. However, adequate glimpses of acoustic information appear necessary for speakers to leverage vocabulary knowledge when processing speech in adverse conditions.
Prospective Evaluation of Cognitive Functions After Rehabilitation With Cochlear Implant or Hearing Aids: Preliminary Results of a Multicentric Study on Elderly Patients
Authors: Anzivino Roberta , Conti Guido , Di Nardo Walter , Fetoni Anna Rita , Picciotti Pasqualina Maria , Marra Camillo , Guglielmi Valeria , Fortunato Susanna , Forli Francesca , Paludetti Gaetano , Berrettini Stefano
Published: October 2019

Objective

Recent literature has shown a growing interest in the relationship between presbycusis and cognitive decline, but significant evidence about the long-term benefit of rehabilitation on cognitive functions has not been reported yet. The aim of the study was to analyze audiological and neuropsychological performances in patients with cochlear implant (CI) or hearing aids (HAs) over time.

Materials and Method

Forty-four bilaterally deaf patients aged more than 60 years (25 with CI candidacy and 19 with HA candidacy) were enrolled. Patients were subjected to audiological evaluation, to a battery of neuropsychological tests (Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE], Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task [RAVLT], Rey–Osterreith Complex Figure Test, Digit/Corsi Span Forward and Backward, Multiple Features Target Cancellation, Trail-Making Test, Stroop Test, and Phonological and Semantic Word Fluency), and to a quality of life assessment (Short Form 36, Glasgow Benefit Inventory, Glasgow Health Status Inventory) at the baseline and after a long-term follow-up (6–12 months).

Results

Speech recognition scores in quiet and in noise were significantly improved even 6 months after auditory rehabilitation. Significant differences between pre- and post-rehabilitation scores were reported in physical and emotional impacts in life, general global health, vitality, and social activities. MMSE and RAVLT scores were significantly improved in both groups after 6 months of follow-up, suggesting a global involvement of memory domain. Mnesic performances remained unchanged between the first and second follow-up, but a further significant improvement in executive functions (Stroop Test) was detected in patients with CI reevaluated 12 months after implantation. A significant correlation of the RAVLT with signal-to-noise ratio at +10 dB speech-in-noise scores and the MMSE with signal-to-noise ratio at 0 dB speech-in-noise scores suggests the pivotal role of executive functions in recognition in noisy environment.

Conclusions

Our preliminary data confirm that hearing deprivation in aged patients represents a truly modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline, which can be positively faced by acoustic rehabilitation. The improvement of short- and long-term memory performances and the amelioration of executive and attentive functions suggest that hearing restoration with both HAs and CI may provide a recovery of superior cognitive domains probably through a reallocation of cortical resources altered by hearing deprivation.
Evidence-Based Recommendation for Bilateral Cochlear Implantation in Adults
Authors: Au Agnes , Dowell Richard C.
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Most adult cochlear implant (CI) users in developed countries benefit from the use of a hearing aid in conjunction with their implant device (bimodal hearing). Benefits have also been documented for the use of bilateral CIs for speech perception in quiet, localization, and speech perception in noise. This study attempted to quantify speech perception results for bimodal and bilateral CIs in adults and provide a guide for those considering a 2nd CI.

Method

Speech perception outcomes were reviewed for 1,394 adults with acquired hearing loss who received a CI at the Melbourne Cochlear Implant Clinic between 2000 and 2015.

Results

Bimodal and bilateral users significantly outperformed unilateral CI users on consonant–vowel–consonant word recognition in quiet. For the bilateral group, word recognition scores with the 1st CI were predictive of 2nd CI word scores. The analysis suggested that bimodal users who were gaining less than 19% benefit from the nonimplanted ear were likely to perform better with a 2nd implant.

Conclusions

CI users who score less than 19% on consonant–vowel–consonant words in the nonimplanted ear have a good chance of benefiting from a 2nd implant. Consideration of many other factors including age, hearing goals, medical factors, and the risk to residual hearing also needs to play a part in recommending a 2nd CI.