bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Se déplacer à domicile : soutien à la fonction symbolisante dans une consultation thérapeutique familiale
Authors: Lévy Élisabeth
Published: February 2017

Déplacer le dispositif du soin au domicile ne va pas de soi. Il arrive que les patients nous amènent à agir, à nous déplacer, à créer une nouvelle aire thérapeutique pour penser. La visite à domicile ( vad ) est alors apparentée à la technique du psychodrame. Lorsque la mort « recouvre » une naissance, ici au décours d’une grossesse gémellaire primipare, l’histoire familiale est mise à mal. Le travail psychique qu’implique la venue d’enfant, au niveau narcissique, au niveau objectal, est mis en difficulté. Nous tenterons de montrer comment nous avons pensé la visite à domicile comme un soin pour la relance représentationnelle, travaillé autour de la fonction symbolisante de l’objet par un « acte parlant ». Ce dispositif part d’un travail sur l’inter-transfert des co-thérapeutes, qui est d’autant plus sollicité dans le cadre de la vad , pour qu’un dialogue intersubjectif reprenne entre deux parents.
Multi-Component Interventions and Cognitive Health: A Scoping Review
Authors: Fessel Melissa M. , Mann Maren , Miyawaki Christina E. , Rosenberg Dori E.
Published: February 2017

Single-component interventions for modifiable risk factors to improve cognitive function in older adults have limited impacts. Multi-component interventions may be more effective. The current review describes randomized trials of multi-component interventions, and reports the state of the evidence to protect the cognitive health and reduce the risk of cognitive decline among middle-aged and older adults. Two hundred seventy-nine studies were found through electronic databases, 30 full-text reviews were completed, and six studies were identified for final selection. Findings suggest that a multi-component approach is promising compared to single-component interventions. Most multi-component intervention studies found improvement in at least one domain of cognitive function. However, the quality of multi-component studies was largely fair or poor primarily due to small samples and short trial durations. There is a need for more rigorous studies of multi-component interventions and to refine the knowledge on the specific interventions that optimize prevention domains. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 43
(5), 39–48.]
Dynamic Interaction- and Phospho-Proteomics Reveal Lck as a Major Signaling Hub of CD147 in T Cells
Authors: Supper Verena , Hartl Ingrid , Boulègue Cyril , Ohradanova-Repic Anna , Stockinger Hannes
Published: February 2017

Numerous publications have addressed CD147 as a tumor marker and regulator of cytoskeleton, cell growth, stress response, or immune cell function; however, the molecular functionality of CD147 remains incompletely understood. Using affinity purification, mass spectrometry, and phosphopeptide enrichment of isotope-labeled peptides, we examined the dynamic of the CD147 microenvironment and the CD147-dependent phosphoproteome in the Jurkat T cell line upon treatment with T cell stimulating agents. We identified novel dynamic interaction partners of CD147 such as CD45, CD47, GNAI2, Lck, RAP1B, and VAT1 and, furthermore, found 76 CD147-dependent phosphorylation sites on 57 proteins. Using the STRING protein network database, a network between the CD147 microenvironment and the CD147-dependent phosphoproteins was generated and led to the identification of key signaling hubs around the G proteins RAP1B and GNB1, the kinases PKCβ, PAK2, Lck, and CDK1, and the chaperone HSPA5. Gene ontology biological process term analysis revealed that wound healing–, cytoskeleton-, immune system–, stress response–, phosphorylation- and protein modification–, defense response to virus–, and TNF production–associated terms are enriched within the microenvironment and the phosphoproteins of CD147. With the generated signaling network and gene ontology biological process term grouping, we identify potential signaling routes of CD147 affecting T cell growth and function.
Gliadin-Specific CD8+ T Cell Responses Restricted by HLA Class I A*0101 and B*0801 Molecules in Celiac Disease Patients
Authors: Picascia Stefania , Sidney John , Camarca Alessandra , Mazzarella Giuseppe , Giardullo Nicola , Greco Luigi , Auricchio Renata , Auricchio Salvatore , Troncone Riccardo , Sette Alessandro , Gianfrani Carmen
Published: February 2017

Initial studies associated the HLA class I A*01 and B*08 alleles with celiac disease (CD) susceptibility. Subsequent analyses showed a primary association with HLA class II alleles encoding for the HLA DQ2.5 molecule. Because of the strong linkage disequilibrium of A*01 and B*08 alleles with the DR3-DQ2.5 haplotype and a recent genome-wide association study indicating that B*08 and B*39 are predisposing genes, the etiologic role of HLA class I in CD pathogenesis needs to be addressed. We screened gliadin proteins (2α-, 2ω-, and 2γ-gliadin) using bioinformatic algorithms for the presence of peptides predicted to bind A*0101 and B*0801 molecules. The top 1% scoring 9- and 10-mer peptides (N = 97, total) were synthesized and tested in binding assays using purified A*0101 and B*0801 molecules. Twenty of ninety-seven peptides bound B*0801 and only 3 of 97 bound A*0101 with high affinity (IC50 < 500 nM). These 23 gliadin peptides were next assayed by IFN-γ ELISPOT for recognition in peripheral blood cells of CD patients and healthy controls carrying the A*0101 and/or B*0801 genes and in A*0101/B*0801− CD patients. Ten of the twenty-three peptides assayed recalled IFN-γ responses mediated by CD8+ T cells in A*0101/B*0801+ patients with CD. Two peptides were restricted by A*0101, and eight were restricted by B*0801. Of note, 50% (5/10) of CD8+ T cell epitopes mapped within the γ-gliadins. Our results highlight the value of predicted binding to HLA molecules for identifying gliadin epitopes and demonstrate that HLA class I molecules restrict the anti-gluten T cell response in CD patients.
Diet and Women Fertility: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Alabd Ruaa E , Abdulmajeed Kefah H , Oufi Hayder G
Published: February 2017

Aims

This work was designed to assess the role of diet and dietary habits on women fertility.

Materials and methods

This study was carried out in seven different centers and hospitals in Baghdad in the period between January and September 2014. Participants were 400 adult women selected conveniently; their age ranged from 17 to 47 years and they were divided into two groups. Group I included 300 fertile women and group II included 100 infertile women. A specific questionnaire had been designed and used for data collection

Results

It was found that there was a significant difference in weight and body mass index (BMI) between the infertile group and control group. The mean of weights was 73.07 vs 69.06 kg for infertile and the control group respectively, while the mean BMI was 28.83 vs 26.70 for the infertile group and the control group respectively. Moreover, the infertile women consumed more of carbonated beverages, tea, chicken, and fish than the control group, while they consumed less milk and red meat than the control group. Also, the infertile group consumed less corn oil and olive oil than the control group (5 and 0% vs 21 and 2%) respectively, while they used to consume more solid fat and combined fat than the control group (2 and 6% vs 0 and 2.7%) respectively.

Conclusion

Although treatment options for infertility are available, their high cost and frequency of adverse events have motivated the identification of dietary factors related to infertility. The current study identified diet as one of the modifiable risk factors that potentially impacts fertility in the selected groups; hence, it is important to focus more on the role of diet in women fertility and increase the awareness of women to it, along with suggesting more educational programs at the primary health care level.

How to cite this article

Alabd RE, Abdulmajeed KH, Oufi HG. Diet and Women Fertility: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2016;7(3):82-88.
Prevalence and Pattern of Mandibular Third Molar Impaction in Eritrean Population: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Kumar V Raj , Yadav Priya , Kahsu Efrem , Girkar Farhana , Chakraborty Rajnish
Published: February 2017

Introduction

The most commonly impacted tooth in the oral cavity is the mandibular third molar. Various etiologic factors have been suggested for impacted mandibular third molars. The pattern and prevalence of impacted mandibular third molars vary with different population and region. This study throws light on the prevalence and pattern of impacted mandibular third molars in Eritrea, East Africa. This is the first reported study regarding the same from Eritrea.

Aim

To assess the prevalence and pattern of impacted mandibular third molars in the population of Eritrea, East Africa by conducting a retrospective study from January 2009 to January 2014.

Materials and methods

This study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Orotta School of Medicine and Dental Medicine and the Orotta Referral Medical and Surgical Hospital, Asmara, Eritrea. A total of 1,813 clinical and radiographic records [orthopantomograms] were assessed and 276 cases were selected for the study as per the inclusion criteria. They were evaluated for the frequency among the various age groups, gender and region along with the sides affected, angulation and level of impaction. The presence of systemic conditions and associated pathologies was also assessed according to the type of impaction.

Results

The average age of these patients in the study was found to be 30 years, with the 20 to 30 years age group being the most affected (67.4%). Females (53.3%) were affected more than the males (46.7%). People from the Asmara region showed significantly more prevalence (79.7%) than the adjoining areas (20.3%). Mesioangular impaction was the most common angulation with a definite relationship to the age groups (p = 0.032). The level of impaction had no significant relationship to the age groups, gender, or region, although class I position A was found to be the most common type. Mesioangular class I position A impaction showed an apparent relationship with underlying systemic conditions, but it was statistically insignificant. Mesioangular impaction was found to be associated with the most number of pathologies (p = 0.001).

Conclusion

The prevalence of mandibular impaction was less in Eritrea (15.2%) compared with other populations. This study provides useful baseline data for the prevalence and pattern of mandibular impaction in the Eritrean population.

Clinical significance

This study throws light on the pattern, type, and frequency of mandibular impacted teeth as per age, sex, and region among the population of Eritrea.

How to cite this article

Kumar VR, Yadav P, Kahsu E, Girkar F, Chakraborty R. Prevalence and Pattern of Mandibular Third Molar Impaction in Eritrean Population: A Retrospective Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):100-106.
Rare Case of Intrahepatic Pancreatic Pseudocyst misdiagnosed as Hepatic Abscess
Authors: Tyagi Sagar , Hans Parveen , Singh Robin
Published: February 2017

Introduction

Pseudocyst formation is a well known complication of pancreatitis. Intrahepatic pancreatic pseudocyst is very rare event and only about 30 cases have been reported in literature.

We report here a case of 32-year-old male who was previously diagnosed as a case of hepatic abscess. He was referred to our department for ultrasonography (USG) and contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) abdomen with complaint of recurrent pain in upper abdomen. On the basis of findings of CECT Abdomen, diagnosis of large intrahepatic pancreatic pseudocyst in left lobe of liver is made.

Conclusion

Intrahepatic pseudocyst should be considered a differential diagnosis of cystic hepatic lesions in the patients with chronic or recent episode of acute pancreatitis. Computed tomography and high level of amylase in the collection plays an important role for diagnosing this complication.

How to cite this article

Hans P, Tyagi S, Sinha P, Kumar L, Gupta D, Singh R. Rare Case of Intrahepatic Pancreatic Pseudocyst misdiagnosed as Hepatic Abscess. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(4):191-193.
Spontaneous Cholecystocutaneous Fistula
Authors: Abbey Rajesh
Published: February 2017

Spontaneous biliary fistulae are encountered, not very rarely, in one's surgical practice. These fistulae are of three types: Internal, external, and combined. Internal spontaneous biliary fistulae are the commonest. External fistulae could be spontaneous or because of therapeutic, iatrogenic, or traumatic reasons are extremely rare. Spontaneous cholecystocutaneous fistula (SCCF), secondary to calculous cholecystitis, is an extremely rare presentation in the present-day scenario. It used to be quite common before the year 1900, but is very rare now because of better management of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Usually, SCCF is a complication of neglected chronic cholelithiasis. This is seldom seen today because of the early diagnosis and better management made feasible by ultrasound as first-line investigation, broad spectrum antibiotics, and effective surgical management of biliary tract diseases. It is a very rare case of 35-year-old female patient presenting in the outpatient department, with the multiple stones carefully preserved, which she had been extruding through the fistulous opening in the umbilicus, for the last 1 year. She was investigated and was operated for the same condition. Though the entity is very rare, clinicians should keep this condition in mind while examining any case of chronic discharging sinus or fistula on the abdominal wall, particularly the wound extruding stones in which case the diagnosis is selfrevealing. In the absence of positive history of expelling stones, the diagnosis can be confirmed by computerized tomogram fistulography. Though the early diagnosis and improvement in the management of gallbladder disease has improved tremendously, the possibility of this condition arising mostly from the neglected gallbladder disease should always be kept in mind as such cases are again being reported from all over the world.

How to cite this article

Abbey R. Spontaneous Cholecystocutaneous Fistula. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016; 1(4):196-198.
Edição Completa
Authors: Varella (editor) Marcelo Dias , Monebhurrun (editor) Nitish , De Andrade (editora especial) Priscila Pereira
Published: February 2017

Edição Completa
Contributor's Notes
Authors: Vogt Leonard
Published: February 2017

Contributor's Notes for Issue 107: Miscellany
The Predicament of Ethnicity in Divided Society of Pakistan
Authors: Musarrat Razia , Ali Ghulam , Azhar Muhammad Salman
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this research is to elaborate the role of ethnicity and ethnic conflicts arise in the diversified societies where Pakistan is taken as an example. Authors have discussed the issues and conflicts arise in Pakhtun, Sindhi and Hazara divisions because of ethnical issues. Authors have also provided the suggestive solution for sectarian and religious issue.
The Impact of Structural Capital on New Product Development Performance Effectiveness- The Mediating Role of New Product Vision and Competitive Advantage
Authors: Khasmafkan Nezam Mohammad Hossein , Ataffar Ali , Isfahani Ali Nasr , Shahin Arash
Published: February 2017

For organizations mostly, changes are faster than their speed in responsibility and the ability for adjustment. In this space, organizations face with opportunities and threats. Therefore each invention and innovation causes change that may create opportunity for organization. So having proper structural capital is very important. Organizations should develop their new products and share clear vision in order to improve the effectiveness of their new product development performance. Therefore, this research wants to investigate and model the relationship between structural capital (SC) and new product development performance (NPDP) effectiveness with regard to the mediating role of new product competitive advantage and vision. Automobile industry in Iran is elected as statistical society. In this study, results are obtained by structural equations and path model. Also for better description of results, we use other deducible statistic such as binamial test and one-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. The results of this study bode that structural capital can improve NPDP effectiveness by obtaining competitive advantage and providing clear and comprehensive vision. Also the provided model in this research is supported by data.
Identification, Characterization, and Quantification of Impurities of Safinamide Mesilate: Process-Related Impurities and Degradation Products
Authors: Zou Liang , Sun Lili , Zhang Hui , Hui Wenkai , Zou Qiaogen , Zhu Zheying
Published: February 2017

The characterization of process-related impurities and degradation products of safinamide mesilate (SAFM) in bulk drug and a stability-indicating HPLC method for the separation and quantification of all the impurities were investigated. Four process-related impurities (Imp-B, Imp-C, Imp-D, and Imp-E) were found in the SAFM bulk drug. Five degradation products (Imp-A, Imp-C, Imp-D, Imp-E, and Imp-F) were observed in SAFM under oxidative conditions. Imp-C, Imp-D, and Imp-E were also degradation products and process-related impurities. Remarkably, one new compound, identified as (S)-2-[4-(3-fluoro-benzyloxy) benzamido] propanamide (i.e., Imp-D), is being reported here as an impurity for the first time. Furthermore, the structures of the aforementioned impurities were characterized and confirmed via IR, NMR, and MS techniques, and the most probable formation mechanisms of all impurities proposed according to the synthesis route. Optimum separation was achieved on an Inertsil ODS-3 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), using 0.1% formic acid in water (pH adjusted to 5.0) and acetonitrile as the mobile phase in gradient mode. The proposed method was found to be stability-indicating, precise, linear, accurate, sensitive, and robust for the quantitation of SAFM and its process-related substances, including its degradation products.
Missionieren oder informieren? Das Selbstverständnis katholischer Journalisten in Deutschland
Authors: Stroth Nicole
Published: February 2017

Jeder Berufsstand hat seine Aufgaben und seine Funktionszuweisungen. Das aktuellste Bild über den journalistischen Beruf zeichnet die im Oktober 2006 erschienene, repräsentative Journalismus-Studie von Siegtried Weischenberg, Armin Scholl und Maja Malik. Doch in ihr sowie auch in zahlreichen anderen Studien bleibt der religiöse Hintergrund der Journalisten unerwähnt. Nicht einmal die Konfessionszugehörigkeit wird abgefragt. In einer Eichstätter Studie hingegen wurden katholische Journalisten, die Mitglieder der "Gesellschaft Katholischer Publizisten Deutschlands" (GKP) sind, zu ihrem Selbstverständnis befragt und ihr Rollenbild wurde mit dem des Durchschnittsjournalisten, wie er in der Studie "Journalismus in Deutschland" beschrieben wird, verglichen. Außerdem wurde die Frage erörtert, inwiefern die GKP-Mitglieder die Erwartungen der katholischen Kirche an katholische Journalisten erfüllen.
Kirche auf der Showbühne. Die Deutsche Bischofskonferenz denkt über einen eigenen Fernsehkanal nach
Authors: Klenk Christian
Published: February 2017

Schon wieder eine Casting-Show? Ein selbst gedrehtes Video ("mit Handy oder professioneller Kamera") soll man einreichen, so heißt es auf der Internetseite, ein bis drei Minuten lang und frei gesprochen. Eine Jury wird die Bewerbungen begutachten. Und natürlich "winken attraktive Preise": Auftritte vor großem Publikum, im Fernsehen. Das alles klingt doch verdächtig nach der Suche eines neuen Superstars.
Divergenz und Konvergenz von Medienkultur und religiöser Kultur. Internationaler Kongress über Religion und Medien in Antwerpen
Authors: Hemels Joan
Published: February 2017

Mit einem differenzierten Bild von Entwicklungen in der Gesellschaft, in der katholischen Kirche und in den Medien zeigte Kardinal Godfried Danneels von Brüssel-Mechelen auf dem zweitägigen Kongress "Believin' the Media. Analysis Faith and Media: Representation and Communication Strategy" am 26. und 27. April 2007 in Antwerpen die ganze Spannweite dieser Thematik auf.
Entwicklungsphasen der Kirchenpresse. Erinnerungen eines Beteiligten
Authors: Oertel Ferdinand
Published: February 2017

Ferdinand Oertel, leitender Redakteur unserer Zeitschrift, hat am 24. Oktober 2007 sein achtzigstes Lebensjahr vollendet. Es ist kein abgedroschenes Kompliment, sondern belegter Befund, wenn die Herausgeber einhellig feststellen:
Macrostomia in association with pre-auricular tags
Authors: Andrade Rodrigo Soares de , Machado Renato Assis , Freitas Edimilson Martins de , Martuscelli Osiris José Dutra , Martelli Daniella Reis B. , Coletta Ricardo D. , Martelli-Júnior Hercílio
Published: February 2017

Macrostomia is a rare congenital anomaly with an incompletely described pathogenesis and several distinct non-syndromic phenotypes are associated. Macrostomia and pre- auricular tags usually can be correlated with syndromes, but in isolated cases are less common. Case report: In this case show a girl presenting macrostomia and pre-auricular tags isolated without association syndromic or other apparent causes. In the anamnesis, parents reported having a pregnancy without complications. In ectoscopic tests, ultrasound, and intra-oral physical examination were not significant alterations found beyond macrostomia and pre-auricular tags. It performed surgery to correct macrostomia and withdrawal of pre-auricular tags. Discussion: Macrostomia is a rare malformation that can only be treated surgically. Various surgical techniques have been described in the literature for the correction of these defects. In this case, the surgical option was the Z-plasty technique, however others techniques can be chosen according to the position of facial cleft. Conclusion: Although rare in occurrence, requires further studies to a better knowledge leading to a more effective diagnosis and treatment of the patient.
Some like it hot: How voters’ attitude towards disrespect in politics affects their judgments of candidates
Authors: Mölders Christina , Van Quaquebeke Niels
Published: February 2017

In public debates, political candidates often attack their opponents disrespectfully. Research revealed mixed effects of such behavior on voters’ candidate judgments. In order to understand these results, we argue that it is necessary to consider onlookers’ general attitude towards disrespect in politics. Across an experimental design (N = 229) and a field study (N = 199), we found that voters who consider disrespect a “necessary evil” in the political arena judged disrespectful politicians more favorably with regard to both communion and agency. Furthermore, they displayed a higher intention to vote as well as actually voted more in favor of disrespectful candidates compared to voters who disapproved of disrespect in politics. The results show that the success of a disrespectful communication strategy substantively depends on the audience.
Petite philosophie d’André Belleau
Authors: Rondeau Frédéric
Published: February 2017

Il est souvent question de Roland Barthes dans les essais et les carnets d’André Belleau. C’est le sémiologue, le critique de Tel quel et le penseur du structuralisme que ce dernier évoque. Belleau s’inspire des écrits de Barthes (et de ceux de Jean Marcel) pour développer son « essayistique », mais aussi, sans doute, pour s’accorder une légitimité d’écrivain. Belleau considère que « l’écrivain est […] celui qui travaille le discours social » (« Approches et situation de l’essai québécois », Y a-t-il un intellectuel dans la salle ?), et ce sont d’abord les « signes du réel » qui retiennent son attention, comme celle de Barthes. Tous deux partagent en outre une passion pour les formes courtes (l’essai, la nouvelle, la chanson). Or, au-delà de ces rapprochements, c’est surtout leur rapport au politique qui nous intéressera, celui-ci paraissant indissociable de leur conception même de l’écriture. Pour André Belleau, l’écriture exige une forme de retrait, une mise en perspective et l’expression d’une singularité prenant forme autour de la question suivante : « Comment être manifestement solidaire du groupe dans la distance ? » (« Petite grammaire de la solidarité avec le peuple », Y a-t-il un intellectuel dans la salle ?) C’est une interrogation semblable que l’on retrouve chez Barthes lorsqu’il élabore les notions « d’impersonnel » et de « neutre ». Cet article visera à établir des parallèles entre la politique mise en oeuvre par ces auteurs et l’importance qu’ils accordent au style, à une certaine forme de « plaisir du texte » et de souplesse de la pensée.
Le théorique, la politique, Bakhtine et la sociocritique
Authors: Popovic Pierre
Published: February 2017

Précoce introducteur des travaux de Mikhaïl Bakhtine dans le monde occidental des
études de lettres, André Belleau a entretenu avec la théorie littéraire une relation
curieuse, gourmande, passionnée, toujours orientée vers ce qui l’intéressait le plus :
transformer le texte de littérature en question de manière à le rendre susceptible
d’éclairer un peu le monde tel qu’il est connu au moment où il y fait son apparition. Mais
ce rapport au théorique est aussi un rapport complexe, où entrent parfois de
l’insatisfaction, des désirs irréalisés de dépassement, du malaise. L’étude en cherche
l’origine et la trouve à la fois du côté politique et du côté de l’émergence d’une
problématique que le destin ne lui a pas permis de développer, celle des relations entre la
culture populaire et la culture savante. Nul doute qu’elle l’aurait conduit à élaborer
lui-même des concepts propres à son traitement.
Papineau, « celui qui n’écrit pas »
Authors: Livernois Jonathan
Published: February 2017

Cette étude s’attache à la présence de Louis-Joseph Papineau dans les manuels et essais d’histoire littéraire du Québec ainsi qu’aux incidences idéologiques de sa représentation en tant qu’écrivain. Elle s’attache, notamment, au Manuel d’histoire de la littérature canadienne-française (1918 et 1939) et à l’Histoire de la littérature canadienne (1930) de Mgr Camille Roy ; à l’Histoire de la littérature canadienne-française (1957) de Samuel Baillargeon ; au Manuel de littérature canadienne-française (1967) de Roger Duhamel ; à l’Histoire de la littérature française du Québec, en quatre volumes (Beauchemin, 1967-1969), dirigée par Pierre de Grandpré ; à La littérature québécoise depuis ses origines (1974-1997) de Laurent Mailhot ; à La vie littéraire au Québec (premier volume paru en 1991) ; et à l’Histoire de la littérature québécoise (2007) de Michel Biron, François Dumont et Élisabeth Nardout-Lafarge. Nous verrons s’y jouer les stratégies alternatives d’intégration et de refus de la charge symbolique et politique de « l’écrivain » Papineau. Cela permettra de mieux comprendre pourquoi ces stratégies sont étonnamment récurrentes au fil de l’histoire littéraire, malgré les tours et détours idéologiques et historiographiques du xxe siècle.
Rhythm in Ethiopian English: Implications for the Teaching of English Prosody
Authors: Gashaw Anegagregn
Published: February 2017

In order to verify that English speeches produced by Ethiopian speakers fall under syllable-timed or stress-timed rhythm, the study tried to examine the nature of stress and rhythm in the pronunciation of Ethiopian speakers of English by focusing on one language group speaking Amharic as a native language. Using acoustic analysis of the speeches recorded from four Amharic speaking learners and two Canadian native speakers of English, comparison was made between pitch contours and length of speeches between speech samples of Amharic speakers with native speakers who are used in this study as a point of reference. The result of acoustic analysis showed that Amharic native samples displayed actual peaks on almost all words, taking longer time of articulation. It can be said that acoustic measures the study used for prosodic assessment of Ethiopian English exemplified the most occurring production tendencies of pronunciation that learners should give attention to. English pronunciation teaching to Ethiopians should involve the practice of stressing, un-stressing and rhythm to help learners improve their pronunciation from the influence of the syllable-timed rhythm of their mother tongue.
The Upturned Superior Mesenteric Artery Sign for First‐Trimester Detection of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia and Omphalocele
Authors: Lakshmy Ravi Selvaraj , Agnees Joy , Rose Nity
Published: February 2017

Objectives

The aim of this study was to follow the course of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in first‐trimester fetuses to predict the location of the small bowel. Its abnormal course aids in early detection of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and assessment of the contents of omphalocele.

Methods

The SMA can be easily identified in a sagittal section of the fetus by using color Doppler sonography at the 11‐ to 14‐week scan, and normally, it has a downward course caudally to supply the intestines. The course of the SMA points to the location of the bowel.

Results

We report a series of 7 cases detected in first trimester with an abnormal course of the SMA, 3 of which had CDH and 4 of which had omphalocele. In CDH, the intestines herniate into the thoracic cavity; hence, the SMA tends to have an upward course toward the thorax. In 4 cases of omphalocele, the SMA follows the exteriorized bowel into the base of the umbilical cord.

Conclusions

Second‐trimester sonography for detection of congenital malformations is a standardized protocol, but a careful anatomic survey at the 11‐ to 14‐week scan is often rewarding. When there is a suspicion of an intrathoracic mass or a mediastinal shift, the upturned course of SMA serves as a valuable sign in confirmation of CDH. Chromosomal abnormalities are often reported in cases of omphalocele containing small bowel only, and the upward course of the SMA toward the base of the cord helps in its early prenatal diagnosis, which facilitates early genetic assessment in these fetuses.
Laboratory generation of broadband ELF waves by inhomogeneous plasma flow
Authors: Liu Yu , Lei Jiuhou , Yu Pengcheng , Zhang Zhongkai , Zhang Xiao , Cao Jinxiang
Published: February 2017

Transversely accelerated ions and the associated heating of the high‐latitude ionosphere have been attributed to broadband extremely low frequency (BBELF) turbulence. Controlled laboratory tests of the hypotheses on the formation mechanism of BBELF waves have involved only a few examples, e.g., current‐driven and shear‐driven instabilities. In this work, electrostatic fluctuations in the ion cyclotron frequency range have been excited by inhomogeneous energy‐density‐driven instability (IEDDI). This was achieved using the interpenetrating plasma method with a much larger electric field scale size LE comparable to the ion gyroradius ρi, which was challenging earlier because of plasma conditions. The peak frequency of the IEDDI spectrum falls as low as ω≈0.3ωci, where ωci is ion cyclotron frequency. This is an interesting result because the previous attempts could not produce such low‐frequency IEDDI, although it was known theoretically to be possible. The observations made by FAST, Freja, and Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) satellites might be explainable in terms of the reported experimental results.
Erosion of modern terrestrial organic matter as a major component of sediments in fjords
Authors: Cui Xingqian , Bianchi Thomas S. , Savage Candida
Published: February 2017

Fjords have recently been recognized as “hot spots” of carbon burial. In this study, we investigated organic carbon (OC) and biomarker radiocarbon values in fjord sediments from New Zealand. Our results showed that OC was mostly modern with the most aged OC in middle reaches of fjords, likely related to hydrodynamic sorting and inputs along adjacent slopes. Radiocarbon ages of sedimentary OC increased from north‐to‐south, consistent with the Fiordland regional gradients of lower fjord slopes and less rainfall. Our biomarker results suggested that lignin and long‐chain fatty acids were preferentially linked with fresh terrestrial debris and degraded soil, respectively, likely due to their chemical and physical properties. Finally, we propose that fjords are a significant sink of modern OC, in contrast to large lowland coastal systems as a major sink of preaged OC. Overall, this study indicated that radiocarbon techniques are critical in investigating carbon dynamics in coastal systems.
Characterizing the ionospheric current pattern response to southward and northward IMF turnings with dynamical SuperMAG correlation networks
Authors: Dods J. , Chapman S. C. , Gjerloev J. W.
Published: February 2017

We characterize the response of the quiet time (no substorms or storms) large‐scale ionospheric transient equivalent currents to north‐south and south‐north IMF turnings by using a dynamical network of ground‐based magnetometers. Canonical correlation between all pairs of SuperMAG magnetometer stations in the Northern Hemisphere (magnetic latitude (MLAT) 50–82°) is used to establish the extent of near‐simultaneous magnetic response between regions of magnetic local time‐MLAT. Parameters and maps that describe spatial‐temporal correlation are used to characterize the system and its response to the turnings aggregated over several hundred events. We find that regions that experience large increases in correlation post turning coincide with typical locations of a two‐cell convection system and are influenced by the interplanetary magnetic field By. The time between the turnings reaching the magnetopause and a network response is found to be ∼8–10 min and correlation in the dayside occurs 2–8 min before that in the nightside.
Pn tomography of South China Sea, Taiwan Island, Philippine archipelago, and adjacent regions
Authors: Li Xibing , Song Xiaodong , Li Jiangtao
Published: February 2017

The South China Sea (SCS) and its surrounding areas are geologically highly heterogeneous from the interactions of multiple plates in Southeast Asia (Eurasian plate, Indian‐Australian plate, Philippine Sea plate, and Pacific plate). To understand the tectonics at depth, here we combined bulletin and handpicked data to conduct Pn tomography of the region. The results show distinct features that are correlated with the complex geology at surface, suggesting a lithosphere‐scale tectonics of the region. Low Pn velocities are found along a belt of the western Pacific transpressional system from the Okinawa Trough and eastern East China Sea, across central and eastern Taiwan orogeny, to the island arcs of the Luzon Strait and the entire Philippine Islands, as well as under the Palawan Island and part of the continental margin north of the Pearl River Basin. High velocities are found under Ryukyu subduction zone, part of the Philippine subduction zone, part of the Eurasian subduction beneath the southwestern Taiwan, and the continent‐ocean boundary between the south China and the SCS basin. The Taiwan Strait, the Mainland SE coast, and the main SCS basin sea are relatively uniform with average Pn values. Crustal thicknesses show large variations in the study region but also coherency with tectonic elements. The Pn pattern in Taiwan shows linear trends of surface geology and suggests strongly lithosphere‐scale deformation of the young Taiwan orogenic belt marked by the deformation boundary under the Western Foothill and the Western Coastal Plain at depth, and the crustal thickness shows a complex pattern from the transpressional collision. Our observations are consistent with rifting and extension in the northern margin of the SCS but are not consistent with mantle upwelling as a mechanism for the opening and the subsequent closing of the SCS. The Philippine island arc is affected by volcanisms from both the Asian and Philippine Sea subductions in the south but mainly from the Asian subduction in the north and under the Luzon Strait.
Direct MSTID mitigation in precise GPS processing
Authors: Hernández‐Pajares Manuel , Wielgosz Pawel , Paziewski Jacek , Krypiak‐Gregorczyk Anna , Krukowska Marta , Stepniak Katarzyna , Kaplon Jan , Hadas Tomasz , Sosnica Krzysztof , Bosy Jaroslaw , Orus‐Perez Raul , Monte‐Moreno Enric , Yang Heng , Garcia‐Rigo Alberto , Olivares‐Pulido Germán
Published: February 2017

In this paper, the authors summarize a simple and efficient approach developed to mitigate the problem in precise Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) positioning originated by the most frequent ionospheric wave signatures: the medium‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs). The direct GNSS Ionospheric Interferometry technique (hereinafter dGII), presented in this paper, is applied for correcting MSTID effects on precise Real Time Kinematic (RTK) and tropospheric determination. It consists of the evolution of the former climatic Differential Delay Mitigation Model for MSTIDs (DMTID), for real‐time conditions, using ionospheric data from a single permanent receiver only. The performance is demonstrated with networks of GNSS receivers in Poland, treated as users under real‐time conditions, during two representative days in winter and summer seasons (days 353 and 168 of year 2013). In range domain, dGII typically reduces the ionospheric delay error up to 10–90% of the value when the MSTID mitigation model is not applied. The main dGII impact on precise positioning is that we can obtain reliable RTK position faster. In particular, the ambiguity success rate parameter increases, from 74% to 83%, with respect to the original uncorrected observations. The average of time to first fix is shortened from 30 s to 13 s. The improvement in troposphere estimaton, due to any potential impact of the MSTID mitigation model, was most difficult to demonstrate.
Space‐weighted seismic attenuation mapping of the aseismic source of Campi Flegrei 1983–1984 unrest
Authors: De Siena L. , Amoruso A. , Pezzo E. Del , Wakeford Z. , Castellano M. , Crescentini L.
Published: February 2017

Coda wave attenuation imaging is able to detect fluid/melt accumulation and ancient magmatic bodies in volcanoes. Here we use recently developed space‐weighting sensitivity functions to invert for the spatial distributions of multifrequency coda wave attenuation (
), measured during the largest monitored unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera (1983–1984). High‐attenuation anomalies are spatially correlated with the regions of highest structural complexities and cross faulting. They characterize deep fluid circulation in and around the aseismic roots of the 1534 A.D. Mount Nuovo eruption and fluid accumulation in the areas of highest hydrothermal hazard. Just offshore Pozzuoli, and at the highest frequency (wavelengths of ∼150 m), the main cause of ground deformation and seismicity during the unrest is an aseismic low‐attenuation circular anomaly, similar in shape and nature to those produced by ancient magmatic reservoirs and active sills at other volcanoes.
Lifetime Risk of Primary Total Hip Replacement Surgery for Osteoarthritis From 2003 to 2013: A Multinational Analysis Using National Registry Data
Authors: Ackerman Ilana N. , Bohensky Megan A. , de Steiger Richard , Brand Caroline A. , Eskelinen Antti , Fenstad Anne Marie , Furnes Ove , Graves Stephen E. , Haapakoski Jaason , Mäkelä Keijo , Mehnert Frank , Nemes Szilard , Overgaard Søren , Pedersen Alma B. , Garellick Göran
Published: February 2017

Objective

To compare the lifetime risk of total hip replacement (THR) surgery for osteoarthritis (OA) between countries, and over time.

Methods

Data on primary THR procedures performed for OA in 2003 and 2013 were extracted from national arthroplasty registries in Australia, Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. Life tables and population data were also obtained for each country. Lifetime risk of THR was calculated for 2003 and 2013 using registry, life table, and population data.

Results

In 2003, lifetime risk of THR ranged from 8.7% (Denmark) to 15.9% (Norway) for females, and from 6.3% (Denmark) to 8.6% (Finland) for males. With the exception of females in Norway (where lifetime risk started and remained high), lifetime risk of THR increased significantly for both sexes in all countries from 2003 to 2013. In 2013, lifetime risk of THR was as high as 1 in 7 women in Norway, and 1 in 10 men in Finland. Females consistently demonstrated the highest lifetime risk of THR at both time points. Notably, lifetime risk for females in Norway was approximately double the risk for males in 2003 (females 15.9% [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 15.6–16.1], males 6.9% [95% CI 6.7–7.1]), and 2013 (females 16.0% [95% CI 15.8–16.3], males 8.3% [95% CI 8.1–8.5]).

Conclusion

Using representative, population‐based data, this study found statistically significant increases in the lifetime risk of THR in 5 countries over a 10‐year period, and substantial between‐sex differences. These multinational risk estimates can inform resource planning for OA service delivery.
Programmable Spin Logic Based on Spin Hall Effect in a Single Device
Authors: Wan Caihua , Zhang Xuan , Yuan Zhonghui , Fang Chi , Kong Wenjie , Zhang Qintong , Wu Hao , Khan Usman , Han Xiufeng
Published: February 2017

Spin logic devices, due to their programmability and nonvolatility, are deemed as an ideal building block for the next generation of electronics. Though several types of spin logic based on domain wall motion, spin‐field‐effect transistor and automata made of magnetic nanoparticles have been proposed, an architecture with scalability, energy efficiency and compatibility with current complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor technology is still in urgent demand. Here, it is experimentally demonstrated that the spin Hall effect in magnetic films with perpendicular anisotropy can be utilized to construct such a spin logic device. Five commonly used logic gates with nonvolatility in a single device are realized. This demonstration could pave the way towards application of spintronics in logic circuits as well as the memory industry in the near future and could even give birth to logic‐in‐memory computing architectures.
Thiophene‐Fused 1,4‐Thiaborins: Synthesis, Structures and Properties
Authors: Yan Yanan , Sun Zhe , Li Chenglong , Zhang Jinyun , Lv Lei , Liu Xuguang , Liu Xiujie
Published: February 2017

Two isomeric 1,4‐thiaborin derivatives fused by two thiophene rings (dithieno‐1,4‐thiaborins, DTTBs) were synthesized in two steps from commercially available materials, and their structures were confirmed by X‐ray crystallographic analysis. DTTBs 1 and 2 showed excellent stability towards air and moisture. Theoretical calculations revealed that the fusion of thiophenes enhanced the aromaticity of the centered 1,4‐thiaborins compared to their corresponding dibenzothiaborins. Furthermore, DTTBs 1 and 2 could be further functionalized by metalation followed by addition of electrophile. DTTBs are promising platforms upon which it is possible to build the next generation of organoboron π‐electron materials.
Investigating the dental toolkit of primates based on food mechanical properties: Feeding action does matter
Authors: Thiery Ghislain , Guy Franck , Lazzari Vincent
Published: February 2017

Although conveying an indisputable morphological and behavioral signal, traditional dietary categories such as frugivorous or folivorous tend to group a wide range of food mechanical properties together. Because food/tooth interactions are mostly mechanical, it seems relevant to investigate the dental morphology of primates based on mechanical categories. However, existing mechanical categories classify food by its properties but cannot be used as factors to classify primate dietary habits. This comes from the fact that one primate species might be adapted to a wide range of food mechanical properties. To tackle this issue, what follows is an original framework based on action‐related categories. The proposal here is to classify extant primates based on the range of food mechanical properties they can process through one given action. The resulting categories can be used as factors to investigate the dental tools available to primates. Furthermore, cracking, grinding, and shearing categories assigned depending on the hardness and the toughness of food are shown to be supported by morphological data (3D relative enamel thickness) and topographic data (relief index, occlusal complexity, and Dirichlet normal energy). Inferring food mechanical properties from dental morphology is especially relevant for the study of extinct primates, which are mainly documented by dental remains. Hence, we use action‐related categories to investigate the molar morphology of an extinct colobine monkey Mesopithecus pentelicus from the Miocene of Pikermi, Greece. Action‐related categories show contrasting results compared with classical categories and give us new insights into the dietary adaptations of this extinct primate. Finally, we provide some possible directions for future research aiming to test action‐related categories. In particular, we suggest acquiring more data on mechanically challenging fallback foods and advocate the use of other food mechanical properties such as abrasiveness. The development of new action‐related dental metrics is also crucial for primate dental studies.
Nonadherence to sublingual immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis: a real‐life analysis
Authors: Wang Ting , Li Yue , Wang Feng , Zhou Chengyong
Published: February 2017

Background

To sustain the long‐lasting beneficial effects of allergen‐specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), an adequate duration of treatment is required. Nevertheless, many patients discontinue prematurely and therefore fail to obtain satisfactory therapeutic effect in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to analyze the causes leading to premature discontinuation of SLIT in allergic rhinitis (AR), and to provide the corresponding countermeasures for the following SLIT course.

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of data from 142 patients with AR who started SLIT during the period from December 2009 to February 2015. Patients were contacted at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months into SLIT as part of our standard of care. The patients who claimed to have stopped treatment were asked to provide a reason during one of the phone calls.

Results

Overall, 76 (54%) patients with AR terminated immunotherapy during the first year of treatment. Among the 76 patients, the following reasons were cited for nonadherence to immunotherapy: patients could not be reached (25%); ineffectiveness (24%); the long course (18%); improvement of symptoms (13%); side effects (4%); lack of confidence in the treatment (4%); or other reasons (12%).

Conclusion

Fifty‐four percent of AR patients terminated their treatment within the first year of SLIT. The top reasons for treatment discontinuation included patients not be reached, ineffectiveness, and length of course.
NanoSOSG: A Nanostructured Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Intracellular Singlet Oxygen
Authors: Ruiz‐González Rubén , Bresolí‐Obach Roger , Gulías Òscar , Agut Montserrat , Savoie Huguette , Boyle Ross W. , Nonell Santi , Giuntini Francesca
Published: February 2017

A biocompatible fluorescent nanoprobe for singlet oxygen (1O2) detection in biological systems was designed, synthesized, and characterized, that circumvents many of the limitations of the molecular probe Singlet Oxygen Sensor Green® (SOSG). This widely used commercial singlet oxygen probe was covalently linked to a polyacrylamide nanoparticle core using different architectures to optimize the response to 1O2. In contrast to its molecular counterpart, the optimum SOSG‐based nanoprobe, which we call NanoSOSG, is readily internalized by E. coli cells and does not interact with bovine serum albumin. Furthermore, the spectral characteristics do not change inside cells, and the probe responds to intracellularly generated 1O2 with an increase in fluorescence.