bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A 2-YEAR FOLLOW UP ON PM2.5 EXPOSURE AND COVID-19 MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY
Authors: Mace Firebaugh Casey , Beeson Tishra , Rich Debra , Barrios Yasmin Vivana , Wojtyna Amie
Published: September 2022

Introduction: A previous study was conducted to examine the relationship between poor air quality in the form of PM2.5 exposure and COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in Yakima County, Washington (USA). Results showed there was a significant correlation (p<0.05) between PM2.5 exposure and COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality in the 12-day lag analysis, however it was not clear if this association remains consistent over time. The purpose of this study was to analyze a second year of PM2.5 exposure and COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in a population significantly impacted by poor air quality (PM2.5) and high COVID-19 morbidity to determine whether the findings of the previous study could be confirmed. Methods: A 12-day lag analysis correlating PM2.5 levels and county-level COVID-19 case counts, hospitalization, and mortality was conducted using Pearson correlation between the period of February 1, 2021 and December 20, 2021 in Yakima, County, Washington, USA. Results: PM2.5 was found to be significantly correlated (p<.011) to COVID-19 morbidity (r = 0.38), hospitalization (r = 0.41), and mortality (r = 0.18). Discussion: This study expands upon and confirm previous preliminary findings examining the association between poor air quality exposure and negative COVID-19 outcomes. Populations exposed to long-term PM2.5 may need additional safeguards from COVID-19 as they may have a higher risk of infection, hospitalization, and mortality.
PERANAN PESANTREN DALAM MENGHADAPI GENERASI ALFA DAN TANTANGAN DUNIA PENDIDIKAN ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Wati Kardila , Lubis Mawardi , Walid Ahmad
Published: September 2022

Technological advances that occur at this time from time to time accumulatively have encouraged the industrial revolution and this generational difference requires the world of education to improve its quality system dynamically. To find out and describe the characteristics of prospective students of the alpha generation, boarding schools in the industrial revolution 4.0 era (challenges and opportunities for boarding schools in the industrial revolution 4.0 era), the role of pesantren in the industrial revolution 4.0 era. The type of research used is library research (Librany Research) with qualitative methods. The results of this study serve as a new discourse in making movements for educational change in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0
PENGARUH STRATEGI PROBLEM BASE TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN PERILAKU BAIK PADA ANAK PRA REMAJA DI WILAYAH PROSTITUSI TANGERANG SELATAN
Authors: Lestari Mas Roro Diah Wahyu , Imawati Sri , Jamilah Siti , Wulandari Dwi
Published: September 2022

Permasalahan yang terjadi  adalah  adanya sejumlah anak yang tinggal di daerah prostitusi di Tangerang Selatan  memilki perilaku buruk akibat dampak kegiatan prostitusi di wilayah tersebut. Tujuan penelitian  adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh stretegi pembelajaran berbasis masalah terhadap pemahaman perilaku baik anak pra sekolah di wilayah prostitusi Tangerang Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan di Kampung Buaran Tangerang selatan dengan jumlah 25 sampel acak baik lelaki dan perempuan. Penelitian dilakukan bulan April tahun 2022 selama 1 minggu. Desain penelitian ini adalah Quasi Eksperimen dengan menggunakan analisis data t tes.  Intrumen tes sudah tervalidasi ahli dan layak digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel. Uji prasyarat menunjukan  bahwa bersifat normal dan homogen. Hasil hipoteis menunjukan  bahwa perbandingan t tes terdapat nilai signifikansi (sig. 2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 lebih kecil dari nilai signifikans tabel 0,05 maka ada perbedaan antara nilai pre tes sebelum perlakukan dan hasil  nilai pos tes setelah dilakukan  perlakuan penggunaan strategi  pembelajaran berbasis masalah terhadap kemampuan memahami perilaku baik pada anak pra remaja yang terjadi di sekitar wilayah prostitusi di Tangerang Selatan. Hasil yang didapat pada penelitian ini adalah Strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah telah menunjukan adanya pengaruh  secara sifgnifikans terhadap pemahaman anak terhadap perilaku baik di sekitar lingkungan prostitusi Tangerang Selatan.
Politik Hukum Zakat di Indonesia
Authors: Nurdin Nurdin
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the political dynamics of zakat law in Indonesia from the Orde Lama, Orde Baru, and Reformasi. The research method used is descriptive-analytic. The results of the study show that the political upheaval of the zakat law from the Orde Lama, Orde Baru and Reformasi experienced a significant shift even though in the course of the political law of zakat, it was stagnant in the Soekarno and Soeharto regime. It has happened because in these two regimes stated zakat was only considered as one of the religious institutions is even considered as an Islamic religious ritual without seeing the benefits of zakat from the aspect of improving people's welfare. Reformasi era brought fresh air for Muslims as evidenced by the presence of Law no. 38 of 1999 concerning the management of zakat, but the law has not been able to accommodate the ideal management of zakat so that the reaction of the Islamic community, in general, urges the government to immediately revise the law. From this pressure, the government and the DPR enacted Law no. 23 of 2011 concerning the management of zakat,Keywords: Zakat; Legal Policy; Indonesia Abstrak.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dinamika politik hukum zakat di Indonesia dari rezim Orde Lama, rezim Orde Baru dan Reformasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pergolakan politik hukum zakat dari Orde Lama dan Orde Baru serta Reformasi mengalami pergeseran yang cukup signifikan walaupun dalam perjalanan politik hukum zakat mengalami stagnansi di rezim Soekarno dan Soeharto. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena dalam dua rezim menilai zakat hanya dianggap sebagai salah satu pranata agama bahkan dianggap sebagai ritual agama Islam tanpa melihat manfaat zakat dari aspek peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Era reformasi membawa angin segar bagi umat Islam terbukti dengan hadirnya UU No. 38 tahun 1999 tentang pengelolaan zakat, namun dalam UU tersebut belum mampu mengakomodir pengelolaan zakat yang ideal sehingga muncul reaksi masyarakat Islam pada umumnya mendesak pemerintah untuk segera merevisi UU tersebut. Dari desakan tersebut pemerintah dan DPR mengundangkan UU No. 23 tahun 2011 tentang pengelolaan zakat.Kata Kunci: Zakat; Politik Hukum; Indonesia
Developing and Improving Guidelines for the Management of Ammunition in NATO Technical Working Groups : An interview with Lieutenant Colonel György Miklósi
Authors: Terék Tamás
Published: September 2022

The present publication is an interpretation of a professional discussion between two experts both of whom have decades of experience in the field of ammunition life cycle management. The report discusses the process of developing ammunition life cycle guidelines for NATO.2 It will cover the different working groups, their structures, their working procedures, their relationships and the methodology used to develop ammunition management guidelines. In terms of international relations, the publication briefly discusses the cooperation and communication between the NATO Working Groups on Ammunition and the other UN3 and EU4 Task Forces with similar tasks. The interview was conducted with one of the most knowledgeable experts in this field in Hungary, Lieutenant Colonel György Miklósi, who provides a comprehensive overview of the aforementioned topics and details the tasks to be carried out by the Ministry of Defence and the Hungarian Defence Forces in the development and implementation of new domestic regulations on ammunition handling compatible with NATO guidelines. The interview does not neglect to mention the obstacles and contains valuable insights as a thought provoker or discussion starter.
Activity logs in practice
Authors: Mileff Péter , Dudra Judit
Published: September 2022

Modern information technology is now present virtually everywhere, in all areas. For the increasingly complex processes, complex information systems are developed that can be used to provide effective support for the processes. There is a lot of data flowing through information systems that is now essential to examine. RPA offers a solution for this, which allows partial or even complete automation of processes. One of the important basic units of RPA may be the activity logs generated in practice. In this publication, this area is reviewed. The most important formats are briefly presented, followed by a runtime model whose aim is to hide the differences in the formats, to achieve a general structure. Building on this module, an MLP model that implements the prediction of atomic events is finally presented. The publication approaches the problem from a practical point of view and proves the effectiveness of the model with test results.
The Socioeconomic and Political Level of Development of Countries in View of Digitalization of Public Administration
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Guryanova Lidiya S. , Gavkalova Nataliia L. ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Lola Yuliya Yu. ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Prokopovych Svitlana V. ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Mykhailenko Daria H. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine
Published: September 2022

In the twenty-first century, the information revolution has led to the global digitalization of modern society, encompassing all countries of the world and leading to change in all spheres of human life, including economic, social and political. E-government makes the administrative process convenient, transparent, and fully accountable to the community, improving sociopolitical and democratic processes in the countries, and creating an effective information and technology platform for developing the business environment. In line with the administrative reform e-government is a strategic choice for the country, which aims to increase the competitiveness of the State and improve the well-being of its people. The article examines the influence of the level of digitalization on the level of socioeconomic and political development of countries. To test hypotheses, hierarchical agglomerative and iterative methods of cluster analysis, econometric models were used. The E-Government Development Index, Doing Business, The Global Competitiveness Index, The Social Progress Index for 114 countries for 2014–2019 were considered as the research information base. The results showed a significant positive effect of increasing the level of digitalization on the socioeconomic development and quality of political institutions of countries, which manifests itself with a different time lag. In addition, the results of an econometric analysis show that there is no difference in the intensity of the influence of the factor of digitalization in countries with different income levels. The results can be useful in the formation and adaptation of a strategy of socioeconomic development and competitiveness, in the assessment and systematic analysis of a digitalization strategy.
The Historical and Theoretical Aspects of the Study of the Formation of Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Panova Iryna O. , Zhevaho Oleksandr K. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: September 2022

The article is aimed at highlighting the historical and theoretical aspects of the study of the formation of foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran at the present stage is based on a combination of historically formed interests of the State and the ideology of the Islamic revolution – the so-called «Khomeinism». Balancing a pragmatic and a revolutionary approach is enshrined in the country’s political system itself and, thanks to a significant economic, demographic and military base, allows Iran to hold a strong position in the international arena. At the same time, the initial course of confrontation with a number of regional and global actors, coupled with the development of the national nuclear program, creates obstacles for Iran’s full functioning in the international arena. The geopolitical position of the Islamic Republic is as profitable as it is quite complicated. Being at the crossroads of several world regions and approaching the world’s key energy basins provides Tehran with ample opportunities to advance its own influence and cooperation with neighboring countries. At the same time, Iran is surrounded by zones of regional instability and its rivals or competitors. To counter external threats, Tehran has developed a flexible strategy based on a wide range of pro-Iranian non-governmental organizations – the so-called «Axis of Resistance» – and an asymmetrical action instrumentarium, which include the use of both hard and soft power methods. Currently, the degree of confrontation with regional adversaries (Israel and the Gulf countries) and a global opponent (the United States) is gaining a threatening scale. However, Iran is generally characterized by a periodic change in the cycles of aggravation of tension and d?tente in relations with its opponents. At the same time, Tehran’s pragmatism has its manifestation in maintaining relations and dialogue with its opponents in order to achieve certain goals, despite the confrontational discourse of official statements. In addition to the activities strictly along the perimeter of the State (that includes the Middle East, South Caucasus, Central and South Asia), Iran, to the best of its own capabilities and the regime of international sanctions, establishes relations with many countries of the world, from members of the UN Security Council - Russian Federation and People’s Republic of China to the countries of Africa and Latin America. To promote its discourse on the international stage, Tehran uses a wide network of cultural, religious, educational and charitable organizations. This approach allows to win supporters and generate financial flows for the regional activities of the IRI around the world.
The Factors of Spatial Development of Territorial Communities in the System of Public Management of Territories
Authors:   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Kyzym Mykola O. , Semyhulina Iryna B. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Yaroshenko Ihor V. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine
Published: September 2022

The processes of globalization of the economy and internationalization of mutual relations inherent in the modern world have changed the importance and role of participants within the society of each country, led to the redistribution of obligations and responsibility between them in the process of managing spatial socioeconomic development at the sites. Currently, there is a tendency to reduce the role of the State in the processes of organizing the management of territorial development, while the subjects of external and internal socioeconomic relations are more often represented by regions and territorial communities. Organizing effective public administration at the sites in order to improve the well-being of the own communities and ensure sustainable development requires more considered, strategic, planned, ambitious, innovative, etc. solutions. An analysis of theoretical and methodological approaches to determining the factors of the development of regions, territories, hromadas for use in practical activities directly affects the efficiency of the functioning of the system of territorial local self-government, the ability to perform the assigned powers, ensure a high level of quality of life of citizens along with a sustainable development of the territory. The authors of theories and models of spatial development considered the development of territories from the point of view of a wide range of factors of influence: geographical, administrative, economic, social, political, innovative, etc. Effective management of territorial development in modern conditions becomes relevant not only from the point of view of the need to solve existing problems, but also to expand opportunities for self-development of territories. However, the issues of finding modern and effective theoretical and methodological approaches to determine the factors of spatial development of regions (territories, hromadas) and their use in the system of public administration at different levels, particularly at the local, remain relevant for Ukraine.
Efficiency of integration between sensor networks and clouds
Authors: Tsvetanov Filip , Pandurski Martin
Published: September 2022

Numerous wireless sensor networks (WSN) applications include monitoring and controlling various conditions in the environment, industry, healthcare, medicine, military affairs, agriculture, etc. The life of sensor nodes largely depends on the power supply type, communication ability, energy storage capacity and energy management mechanisms. The collection and transmission of sensor data streams from sensor nodes lead to the depletion of their energy. At the same time, the storage and processing of this data require significant hardware resources. Integration between clouds and sensor networks is an ideal solution to the limited computing power of sensor networks, data storage and processing. One of the main challenges facing systems engineers is to choose the appropriate protocol for integrating sensor data into the cloud structure, taking into account specific system requirements. This paper presents an experimental study on the effectiveness of integration between sensor networks and the cloud, implemented through three protocols HTTP, MQTT and MQTT-SN. A model for studying the integration of sensor network - Cloud with the communication models for integration - request-response and publish- subscribe, implemented with HTTP, MQTT and MQTT-SN. The influence of the number of transmitted data packets from physical sensors to the cloud on the transmitted data delay to the cloud, the CPU and memory load was studied. After evaluating the results of sensor network and cloud integration experiments, the MQTT protocol is the most efficient in terms of data rate and power consumption.
Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Factor-Encoding Genes, and Biofilm-Forming Ability of Community-Associated Uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Western Saudi Arabia
Authors: Arafa Sara H. , Alshehri Wafa A. , Organji Sameer R. , Elbanna Khaled , Obaid Najla A. , Aldosari Mohammad S. , Asiri Fatimah H. , Ahmad Iqbal , Abulreesh Hussein H.
Published: September 2022

To explore the prevalence of multidrug-resistant community-associated uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and their virulence factors in Western Saudi Arabia. A total of 1,000 urine samples were examined for the presence of E. coli by selective plating on MacConkey, CLED, and sheep blood agar. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined using Vitek® 2 Compact (MIC) and the disc diffusion method with Mueller-Hinton agar. Genes encoding virulence factors (kpsMTII, traT, sat, csgA, vat, and iutA) were detected by PCR. The overall prevalence of UTI-associated E. coli was low, and a higher prevalence was detected in samples of female origin. Many of the isolates exhibited resistance to norfloxacin, and 60% of the isolates showed resistance to ampicillin. No resistance to imipenem, meropenem, or ertapenem was detected. In general, half of the isolates showed multiple resistance patterns. UPEC exhibited a weak ability to form biofilms, where no correlation was observed between multidrug resistance and biofilm-forming ability. All uropathogenic E. coli isolates carried the kpsMTII, iutA, traT, and csgA genes, whereas the low number of the isolates harbored the sat and vat genes. The diversity of virulence factors harbored by community-associated UPEC may render them more virulent and further explain the recurrence/relapse cases among community-associated UITs. To the best of our knowledge, this study constitutes the first exploration of virulence, biofilm-forming ability, and its association with multidrug resistance among UPEC isolates in Saudi Arabia. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the epidemiology of community-associated UPEC in Saudi Arabia.
The Prospect of Using the Dual Gauge Line for the Ukraine–Hungary Railway Connection
Authors: Kurhan Mykola , Fischer Szabolcs , Kurhan Dmytro
Published: September 2022

There are several international transport corridors in Hungary. Záhony railway station is one of the largest hubs in Europe, providing a railway connection between Ukraine and the European Union. Two different railway tracks meet and come together here, such as the standard (1435 mm) and broad (1520 mm) gauges. The availability of a developed infrastructure of the dual gauge on the territory of Hungary presupposes the corresponding development of the railway connection by Ukraine. In order to effectively use the dual gauge line and solve problems of special design, it is necessary to ensure the appropriate train flows. This research aims to provide scientific support for express analysis of the railway routes' competitiveness between Ukraine and the European Union to define the determining factors. The application of such approaches provides a tool for establishing the prospects for the development of existing railway lines, considering their features. Scientific approaches to creating methods for determining the priority areas of railway transport have been further developed. Apart from involving such essential indices as average speed and traffic volumes, the authors added the possibility of considering the presence of lines with such design features as single-track sections, non-electrified, dual gauge, etc., on the route. The theoretical background is applied as a tool for rapid calculations for increasing the competitiveness of the Chop–Záhony dual gauge line.
Könyvtárak és a pénzügyi kultúra 1. rész Keretrendszer
Authors: Péter Kiszl , Bea Winkler
Published: September 2022

A pénzügyi műveltség valamennyi korosztályt érintő fejlesztése globális szintű stratégiai célkitűzés. Tanulmánysorozatunkban a tudatos pénzügyi döntések elősegítésére szolgáló könyvtári kezdeményezésekre irányítjuk rá a figyelmet. Célunk (1) a könyvtárosoktól jellemzően idegen terület beépítése a magyarországi szakmai vérkeringésbe, ezáltal a könyvtárosok pénzügyi felkészültségének javítása, beleértve a könyvtárosképzést is; (2) a nemzetközi könyvtári jó gyakorlatok adaptációs irányultságú megosztása, új pénzügyi edukációs (és vállalkozásfejlesztési) szolgáltatások bevezetésének katalizálása valamennyi könyvtártípusban; (3) közvetetten pedig a hazai könyvtári rendszer és a könyvtárosok presztízsének emelése, társadalmi hasznosságának erősítése. Az 1. részben a nemzetközi könyvtár- és információtudományi szakirodalom elemzésével meghatározzuk a témakör könyvtári keretrendszerét (úm. gyűjtemény, tájékoztatás és szolgáltatások, rendezvények, kompetenciák), illetve azonosítjuk a pénzügyi kultúra fejlesztésének külföldön (elsősorban az Amerikai Egyesült Államokban) már bevált, a hazai innovációkra is ötleteket adó főbb könyvtári trendjeit.
02. Great crested newt Triturus cristatus, smooth newt Lissotriton vulgaris, and other amphibians in an acidified area of southern Norway surveyed using eDNA and other methods
Authors: STRAND LEIF ÅGE
Published: September 2022

Abstract - Acid rain for many decades has led to severe acidification of waters in southern Norway. Acidic water can be fatal to gill-breathing vertebrates (i.e. fish and larval amphibians). Great crested newt Triturus cristatus (GCN) - seems to be less tolerant of acidic water than other Norwegian amphibians. Not until 2015 was GCN recorded in Agder, the southernmost county in Norway, when the larvae of this species were found in two ponds. The aim of our investigation, in late spring and summer 2021, was to find out whether GCN was still present in these two ponds and ten others in the same area, which are surrounded by peat bogs and forest. Since this is a marginal and acidic area with probably low numbers of individuals and low detectability, we used three survey methods in combination (funnel traps, nets, and eDNA) and also measured water conductivity and pH. At the same time, the occurrence of other amphibians in the area were investigated; the smooth newt Lissotriton vulgaris, the common toad Bufo bufo, the common frog Rana temporaria and the moor frog Rana arvalis. Using traps and nets, GCN was found in four ponds but in only two of these ponds by eDNA. However, GCN eDNA was detected in three other ponds, showing that a combination of methods gave the most complete result. eDNA of the common toad and the common frog were detected in (almost) all samples but there were few records from traps or nets. Smooth newts were detected in almost all ponds by traps, nets and eDNA, while none of the methods detected the moor frog. Especially when a species is rare at a location, eDNA analysis may be the most efficient method of detection. However, only trapping and netting can give information about breeding. Water pH in late spring and early summer varied from 4.7 to 5.6 (median pH 5.1), which makes this area marginal for amphibian reproduction.
Outcome of Radiocephalic Arteriovenous Fistula Constructed Under Brachial Plexus Block Versus Local Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mahmud Shaleh , Saiful Hossain Tohid Mohammad , Rahman Md Habibur , Azam ASM Shafiul , Haque Mohammad Mominul
Published: September 2022

Backgrounds: Hemodialysis (HD) is the commonest modality of renal replacement therapy (RRT) which needs vascular access. Ideal vascular access should be well functional, durable, stable, and have fewer complications. An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred form of vascular access and is recommended by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcome (KDIGO) guidelines. Most of the AVFs are constructed under local anesthetic infiltration which has a high failure rate which is about 30-40% for radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (RCAVF). This study aimed to change the anesthetic technique to brachial plexus block (BPB) for RCAVF creation to improve the primary patency rate and reduce early thrombotic complications.
Objectives: The objective was to see the effect of brachial plexus block (BPB) on the outcome of AVF creation by primary patency rate, maturation time, primary functional patency rate, and complications.
Materials and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted in the Department of Urology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from December 2018 to December 2019. A total of 80 patients were selected from the study population according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then divided into two groups by simple random sampling. In the group, A RCAVF constructed under BPB, and group B RCAVF was constructed under LA. The standard operation technique of AVF construction was followed. Evaluation of AVFs was done at 3rd POD, 2nd week, 6th week, and 12th weeks to see the functional status and any complications. Doppler US was done at the 6th week routinely.
Results: Among these 80 patients 3 patients were lost from the follow-up, two from group A and one from group B. There was no significant difference in age, sex, comorbidities, and HD status between the groups. There was higher primary patency in group A at 3rd POD and 2nd weeks but was not statistically significant. In the 6th week primary patency in group A was 33/38 (86.8%) and in group B 25/39(64.1%), p=0.033. In the 12th week, primary patency and functional primary patency rate were in group A was 33/38 (86.8%) and in group B 25/39(64.1%), p=0.033 and statistically significant. No significant difference in maturation time between the groups. Thrombosis was the most common complication, 14 in group B and 5 in group A. One BPB was failed but there was no significant complication related to BPB.
Conclusion: Radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula constructed under brachial plexus block has better primary patency and functional primary patency than local anesthesia at 6th and 12th week. Early thrombotic complications were higher in AVF creation under local anesthetic infiltration. Anaesthesia with BPB can be used for primary radiocephalic AVF construction surgery to improve the outcome of RCAVF fistula and early complications.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2021; 24(2): 129-134
Comparative Study on Cancer Yielding Rate Between sextant vs Ten Cores TRUS Biopsy
Authors: Shahjamal Sharif , Rahman Md Afzalur , Saha Prodyut Kumar , Sultana Rayhana , Naser Md Fazal , Alam SM Mahbub
Published: September 2022

Background: The standard sextant biopsy protocol misses about 15% of cancer when compared with results obtained from a more extensive biopsy procedure. The number of systematic biopsies has increased over the years, with 10–12 cores currently accepted as the minimum standard.
Objectives: To compare the detection rate of carcinoma prostate through standard sextant biopsy and extended 10-core biopsy in Bangladeshi male subjects.
Methods: This prospective experimental study was conducted in the Department of Urology of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from January 2007 to May 2008 including a total of 69 male patients aged over 56 years having normal digital rectal examination (DRE) findings with serum PSA level of 4 ng/mL or greater or having abnormal findings on DRE irrespective of serum PSA level. The subjects underwent transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and biopsies were taken systematically. Biopsy results were interpreted according to different sextant biopsy protocols and also following extended 10-core biopsy protocol. Data collection sheet containing the selected points were filled up. Data were analysed using SPSS version 12. The test statistic used to analyse the data were descriptive statistics and McNemar’s test. The level of significance was set at 0.05 and p <0.005 was considered significant.
Result: Out of the total 69 subjects, 29 (42%) were diagnosed to have prostate cancer following biopsy. In the standard mid lobar sextant protocol the cancer detection was lowest (79.3%) while it was highest (89.7%) when lateral zone biopsy was performed. The extended 10-core biopsy regimen had higher cancer detection rate than any of the standard sextant protocols and it was 96.6%. The difference in the cancer detection rates between the two schemes was statistically significant (p <0.001).
Conclusion: The sextant biopsy is inadequate in detecting carcinoma prostate and extended 10-core biopsy protocol including the apex, midlobar mid gland, lateral mid gland and lateral base with more extensive sampling of the lateral aspects of the prostate is superior.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2021; 24(2): 214-219
Possibility of using the yes/no Angoff method as a substitute for the percent Angoff method for estimating the cutoff score of the Korean Medical Licensing Examination: a simulation study
Authors: Park Janghee
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The percent Angoff (PA) method has been recommended as a reliable method to set the cutoff score instead of a fixed cut point of 60% in the Korean Medical Licensing Examination (KMLE). The yes/no Angoff (YNA) method, which is easy for panelists to judge, can be considered as an alternative because the KMLE has many items to evaluate. This study aimed to compare the cutoff score and the reliability depending on whether the PA or the YNA standard-setting method was used in the KMLE.Methods: The materials were the open-access PA data of the KMLE. The PA data were converted to YNA data in 5 categories, in which the probabilities for a “yes” decision by panelists were 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%. SPSS for descriptive analysis and G-string for generalizability theory were used to present the results.Results: The PA method and the YNA method counting 60% as “yes,” estimated similar cutoff scores. Those cutoff scores were deemed acceptable based on the results of the Hofstee method. The highest reliability coefficients estimated by the generalizability test were from the PA method and the YNA method, with probabilities of 70%, 80%, 60%, and 50% for deciding “yes,” in descending order. The panelist’s specialty was the main cause of the error variance. The error size was similar regardless of the standard-setting method.Conclusion: The above results showed that the PA method was more reliable than the YNA method in estimating the cutoff score of the KMLE. However, the YNA method with a 60% probability for deciding “yes” also can be used as a substitute for the PA method in estimating the cutoff score of the KMLE.
Challenges in Quantifying Heel-Lift During Spacesuit Gait
Authors: Boppana Abhishektha , Priddy Steven T. , Stirling Leia , Anderson Allison P.
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION: Heel-lift is a subjectively reported fit issue in planetary spacesuit boot prototypes that has not yet been quantified. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) could quantify heel-lift but are susceptible to integration drift. This work evaluates the use of IMUs and drift-correction
algorithms, such as zero-velocity (ZVUs) and zero-position updates (ZPUs), to quantify heel-lift during spacesuited gait.METHODS: Data was originally collected by Fineman et al. in 2018 to assess lower body relative coordination in the spacesuit. IMUs were mounted on the spacesuit
lower legs (SLLs) and spacesuit operator’s shank as three operators walked on a level walkway in three spacesuit padding conditions. Discrete wavelet transforms were used to identify foot-flat phase and heel-off for each step. Differences in heel-off timepoints were calculated in each
step as a potential indicator of heel-lift, with spacesuit-delayed heel-off suggesting heel-lift. Average drift rates were estimated prior to and after applying ZVUs and ZPUs.RESULTS: Heel-off timepoint differences showed instances of spacesuit-delayed heel-off and instances of
operator-delayed heel-off. Drift rates after applying ZVUs and ZPUs suggested an upper time bound of 0.03 s past heel-off to measure heel-lift magnitude with an accuracy of 1 cm.DISCUSSION: Results suggest that IMUs may not be appropriate for quantifying the presence and magnitude
of heel lift. Operator-delayed heel-off suggests that the SLL may be expanding prior to heel-off, creating a false vertical acceleration signal interpreted by this study to be spacesuit heel-off. Quantifying heel-off will therefore require improvements in IMU mounting to mitigate the effects
of SLL, or alternative sensor technologies.Boppana A, Priddy ST, Stirling L, Anderson AP. Challenges in quantifying heel-lift during spacesuit gait. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(8):643–648.
Towards a Local History of Interwar Anglo - American Relations: Commemorating the Pilgrim Fathers on the Humber, c.1918–1925
Authors: Edwards Sam
Published: September 2022

This article examines the history of an overlooked monument to the so-called ‘Pilgrim Fathers’ dedicated at Immingham, Humberside, in September 1925. Drawing upon contemporary press coverage as well as the rather limited extant archival record, the article connects the monument to overlapping local, national and international contexts, including the Anglo-American diplomatic rapprochement of the post-1890 period, the Mayflower Tercentenary of 1920, the post-1918 economic challenges of Hull and the surrounding region, and the transatlantic tensions which emerged after the war (especially around naval disarmament and the Treaty of Versailles). In doing so, the article shifts attention away from the far more familiar south coast geography associated with commemorations of the Pilgrim Fathers, it reveals the important role played in the project by civic and municipal elites, and at its broadest it uncovers what might be reasonably termed the local history of Anglo-American relations in the post-1918 period.
The Issue of Syrian Refugees and Germany in Specific Die Welt -2017-
Authors: KARACA Erdem
Published: September 2022

The “Arab Spring” process, which flared up in Tunisia at the end of 2010 with the influence of corruption allegations, soon turned into widespread popular uprisings in Arab countries/geography. In this context, during the social movements that started in Syria at the beginning of 2011, the opposition elements started to clash with the Bashar Assad administration, which soon turned into mass murders and civil war. Up to millions of Syrians have become refugees. First of all, neighboring countries, and soon after, European states began to be affected by this situation. This dramatic situation has caused administrative, political, legal, social, economic, financial, etc. issues in the countries, reached or tried to reach by refugees. One of these countries was Germany. The Coalition Government, headed by Angela Merkel, has made many attempts inside and outside to overcome the challenges faced. At this point, especially the developments inside were tried to be determined through the multimedia news center “Welt”.
GÖÇ ÜLKESİ OLARAK AVUSTURYA İŞGÜCÜ PİYASASINDA YABANCILAR
Authors: KALKAN Murat , DOĞAN Abdullah Selim
Published: September 2022

İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Avrupa ülkelerinin demografik yapısı savaş öncesine nispetle heterojen bir yapıya dönüşmüştür. Burada savaşı müteakip ortaya çıkan mülteci/göçmen akınlarının yanı sıra özellikle 1950’lerin sonlarından itibaren beliren işgücü açığı da etkili olmuştur. Bu bakımdan zaman içerisinde birçok Avrupa ülkesi yabancı işçi göçü olgusuyla karşılaşmıştır. Bu ülkelerden biri olan Avusturya da 1960’lardan itibaren toplam nüfusuna oranla yüksek yabancı işçi ve tabiatıyla yabancı/yabancı kökenli nüfus barındıran bir göç ülkesi olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Bu gerçekten hareketle de yapılan bu çalışmanın amacı bir göç ülkesi olan Avusturya’nın işgücü piyasasında yer alan yabancıların mevcut durumlarını ve sorun alanlarını tespit etmek olarak belirlenmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen araştırma neticesinde de aradan geçen yarım asırdan fazla süreye rağmen Avusturya işgücü piyasasındaki yabancılara dair yaşanan sorunlarda hem Avusturyalılar hem de yabancılardan kaynaklanan hususların olduğu görülmüştür. Dolayısıyla olumsuz durumların halledilmesi noktasında iki taraflı bir çözüm arzusu ve iradesi olmalıdır; hem Avusturya devleti ve onun idarecilerinin hem de bizatihi yabancıların çaba göstermeleri gerekmektedir. Ayrıca başta işverenler ve sendikalar olmak üzere toplumun farklı gruplarının ve özellikle de sivil toplum örgütlerinin inisiyatif alarak rol üstlenmeleri gerekmektedir.
Edukasi Potensi Kayu Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) terhadap Kesehatan Reproduksi dengan Metode Webinar
Authors: Sari Dina Yuspita
Published: September 2022

The tropical rain forests of West Kalimantan are rich in medicinal plant species, one of which is sappanwood and has been used for reproductive health. Sappanwood can be used as a supplement during pregnancy, after birth, and as antifertility. The role of sappanwood in reproductive health needs to be socialized to the public, especially pharmacists through webinar education activities. The purpose of this webinar is to introduce and educate the public and pharmacists in knowing the potential of sappanwood for reproductive health. Based on the results of the webinar activity, it was found that there was an increase in the average score before giving the webinar, from 34.1 to 78.1. This shows that PkM activities carried out through webinars are able to provide understanding, introduction, and education to the public and pharmacists in knowing the potential of sappanwood for reproductive health. Utilization of sappanwood for reproductive health can be done by brewing or making syrup products from sappanwood or by formulating sappanwood extract in traditional medicinal preparations.
ABSTRAK
Hutan hujan tropis di Kalimantan Barat kaya akan jenis tanaman obat, salah satunya kayu secang dan telah dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk Kesehatan reproduksi. Kayu secang dapat digunakan sebagai suplemen saat hamil, setelah melahirkan, dan sebagai antifertilitas. Peranan kayu secang ini perlu disosialisasikan kepada masyarakat khususnya farmasis melalui kegiatan edukasi webinar. Webinar ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan dan mengedukasi masyarakat dan farmasis dalam mengetahui potensi kayu secang untuk kesehatan reproduksi. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan nilai rata-rata sebelum pemberian materi webinar yaitu 34,1 menjadi 78,1. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan PkM yang dilaksanakan melalui webinar mampu memberikan pemahaman, pengenalan, dan edukasi kepada masyarakat dan farmasis dalam mengetahui potensi bahan alam untuk kesehatan reproduksi. Pemanfaatan kayu secang untuk kesehatan reproduksi dapat dilakukan dengan menyeduh atau membuat produk sirup dari kayu secang atau dengan memformulasikan ekstrak kayu secang dalam sediaan obat tradisional.
Edukasi Nutrisi dalam Pencegahan Stunting dan Implementasi Senam Hamil di Puskemas Sidomulyo Rawat Inap Pekanbaru
Authors: Agritubella Syafrisar Meri , Jannah Fathul
Published: September 2022

Nutrition education and the implementation of pregnancy exercises help mothers improve maternal health, prevent anemia and babies born with low weight. Maintaining the consumption pattern of pregnant women also prevents children from experiencing stunting. The purpose of this community service was to provide education and implementation of pregnancy exercise to improve the health status of pregnant women at the Sidomulyo Public Health Center, RI. The method used is the provision of health education and assessing the mother's understanding of nutrition and assessing the implementation of pregnancy exercise for pregnant women. The activity was carried out 3 times, starting with a pre-test and post-test related to knowledge of pregnant women and observing the implementation of pregnancy exercise. The number of pregnant women who participated in this activity was 9 people. The results showed that there was an increase in the average value of knowledge of pregnant women by 24.29. The results of the implementation of pregnancy exercise showed that 100% of pregnant women carried out pregnancy exercise in the good category. It is hoped that there will be an increase in the health status of pregnant women therefore that they do not experience anemia and normal birth weight babies and growth and development according to their age.
 
ABSTRAK
Edukasi nutrisi dan pelaksanaan senam hamil membantu ibu meningkatkan derajat kesehatan, mencegah anemia dan bayi lahir dengan berat badan rendah. Pentingnya menjaga pola konsumsi ibu hamil juga mencegah anak mengalami stunting. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pemberian edukasi dan pelaksanaan senam hamil untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan ibu hamil di Puskesmas Sidomulyo RI. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemberian pendidikan kesehatan dan menilai pemahaman ibu tentang nutrisi dan menilai pelaksanaan senam hamil pada ibu hamil. Pelaksanaan kegiatan sebanyak 3 kali dimulai dengan adanya pre–test dan post-test terkait pengetahuan ibu hamil dan observasi pelaksanaan senam hamil. Jumlah ibu hamil yang mengikuti kegiatan ini sebanyak 9 orang. Hasil didapatkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan nilai rata-rata pengetahuan ibu hamil sebesar 24,29. Hasil pelaksanaan senam hamil didapatkan bahwa 100% ibu hamil melaksanakan senam hamil pada kategori baik. Diharapkan adanya peningkatan derajat kesehatan ibu hamil sehingga tidak mengalami anemia dan berat badan bayi lahir normal serta pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sesuai dengan usianya.
mHealth and telemedicine utility in the monitoring of allergic diseases
Authors: Kvedarienė Violeta , Burzdikaitė Paulina , Česnavičiūtė Inga
Published: September 2022

This literature review discusses the use of mHealth technologies and telemedicine for monitoring various allergic diseases both in everyday life and in the context of COVID-19. Telemedicine, whose popularity, and demand has skyrocketed during the pandemic, rely on mHealth technologies, video calls and websites as a resource-saving and safe way of consulting patients. The incorporation of new mHealth technologies into telemedicine practice may not only be relevant in the context of pandemic restrictions but can also be applied in everyday medical practice as an effective method of patient counseling. The mobile healthcare applications include a wide range of mobile apps for patients' education, monitoring, and disease management. However, applications for the people with food allergies lack relevant information about allergies and, like most other applications, are developed without the contribution of healthcare specialists. During the COVID-19 pandemic, low-risk food-allergic patients were able to rely on telemedicine services where they could get the help, they needed without increasing risk of contracting COVID-19 while saving time. Meanwhile, some applications for allergic rhinitis and asthma patients are showing practical benefits in clinical trials by allowing an efficient assessment of treatment regimens and efficacy. The use of digital symptom diaries further facilitates the implementation of real-life studies. However, for respiratory allergic diseases, the often insufficient quality of pollen prediction needs to be taken into account. Even though studies have shown that asthma is better controlled with mHealth technologies, the quality of mobile apps for asthma patients varies widely, as many products provide information that has not been scientifically proven. Inhaler sensors – have been shown to improve the course of asthma and its monitoring, while push notifications prompting people to take their medication double the likelihood of treatment adherence. Teledermatology has a high level of patient satisfaction – as it is perceived as a more time-saving method of consultation. However, the diagnostic accuracy of contact consultations remains higher. mHealth technologies provide a patient's health data from his/her daily life, which enables insights into behavioral patterns. This closer look at the daily routine can have a significant impact on developing individualized treatment and care guidelines.