bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generation of Human Lung Organoid Cultures from Healthy and Tumor Tissue to Study Infectious Diseases
Authors: Salgueiro Lorena , Kummer Susann , Sonntag-Buck Vera , Weiß Anne , Schneider Marc A. , Kräusslich Hans-Georg , Sotillo Rocio
Published: March 2022

Three-dimensional (3D) human lung organoids reflect the native cell composition of the lung as well as its physiological properties. Human 3D lung organoids offer ideal conditions, such as timely availability in large quantities and high physiological relevance for reassessment and prediction of disease outbreaks of respiratory pathogens and pathogens that use the lung as a primary entry portal.
Tracking the Replication-Competent Zika Virus with Tetracysteine-Tagged Capsid Protein in Living Cells
Authors: Li Shimin , Wang Dianbing , Ghulam Abbas , Li Xia , Li Min , Li Qin , Ma Yingxin , Wang Lei , Wu Hangshen , Cui Zongqiang , Zhang Xian-En
Published: March 2022

Zika virus (ZIKV) is the mosquito-borne enveloped flavivirus that causes microcephaly in neonates. While real-time imaging plays a critical role in dissecting viral biology, no fluorescent, genetically engineered ZIKV for single-particle tracking is currently available.
Multiple Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Strains Infecting HEp-2 and A549 Cells Reveal Cell Line-Dependent Differences in Resistance to RSV Infection
Authors: Rajan Anubama , Piedra Felipe-Andrés , Aideyan Letisha , McBride Trevor , Robertson Matthew , Johnson Hannah L. , Aloisio Gina Marie , Henke David , Coarfa Cristian , Stossi Fabio , Menon Vipin Kumar , Doddapaneni Harshavardhan , Muzny Donna Marie , Javornik Cregeen Sara Joan , Hoffman Kristi Louise , Petrosino Joseph , Gibbs Richard A. , Avadhanula Vasanthi , Piedra Pedro A.
Published: March 2022

Infection with the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) early in life is essentially guaranteed and can lead to severe disease. Most RSV studies have involved either of two historic RSV/A strains infecting one of two cell lines, HEp-2 or A549 cells.
Low-Temperature Adaptation Targets Genome Packing Reactions in an Icosahedral Single-Stranded DNA Virus
Authors: Ogunbunmi Elizabeth T. , Love Samuel D. , Rhodes Katherine A. , Morales Adriana , Wilch Margaret H. , Jonas Jeremy , Fane Bentley A.
Published: March 2022

The production of enzymes, transcription factors, and viral receptors directly influences the niches viruses can inhabit. Some prokaryotic hosts can thrive in widely differing environments; thus, physical parameters, such as temperature, should also be considered.
VP4 Is a Determinant of Alpha-Defensin Modulation of Rotaviral Infection
Authors: Hu Ciara T. , Diaz Karina , Yang Linda C. , Sharma Anjali , Greenberg Harry B. , Smith Jason G.
Published: March 2022

Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrhea in young children. Like other fecal-oral pathogens, rotaviruses encounter abundant, constitutively expressed defensins in the small intestine.
Functional Traits Resolve Mechanisms Governing the Assembly and Distribution of Nitrogen-Cycling Microbial Communities in the Global Ocean
Authors: Song Wen , Liu Jihua , Qin Wei , Huang Jun , Yu Xiaoli , Xu Mengzhao , Stahl David , Jiao Nianzhi , Zhou Jizhong , Tu Qichao
Published: March 2022

A critical question in microbial ecology is how the complex microbial communities are formed in natural ecosystems with the existence of thousands different species, thereby performing essential ecosystem functions and maintaining ecosystem stability. Previous studies disentangling the community assembly mechanisms mainly focus on microbial taxa, ignoring the functional traits they carry.
Characterization of a Bacterial Kinase That Phosphorylates Dihydrosphingosine to Form dhS1P
Authors: Ranjit Dev K. , Moye Zachary D. , Rocha Fernanda G. , Ottenberg Gregory , Nichols Frank C. , Kim Hey-Min , Walker Alejandro R. , Gibson Frank C. , Davey Mary E.
Published: March 2022

Sphingoid base phosphates, such as
s
phingosine-
1
-
p
hosphate (S1P) and
d
i
h
ydro
s
phingosine-
1
-
p
hosphate (dhS1P), act as ligands for S1P receptors, and this interaction is known to play a central role in mediating angiogenesis, vascular stability and permeability, and immune cell migration to sites of inflammation. Studies suggest that a shift in ratio to higher levels of dhS1P in relation to S1P alters downstream signaling cascades due to differential binding and activation of the various S1P receptor isoforms.
Mandarin Fish (Siniperca chuatsi) p53 Regulates Glutaminolysis Induced by Virus via the p53/miR145-5p/c-Myc Pathway in Chinese Perch Brain Cells
Authors: Ye Caimei , Liu Shangui , Li Ningqiu , Zuo Shaozhi , Niu Yinjie , Lin Qiang , Liang Hongru , Luo Xia , Fu Xiaozhe
Published: March 2022

Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) and
Siniperca chuatsi
rhabdovirus (SCRV) as major causative agents have caused a serious threat to the mandarin fish farming industry (J.-J. Tao, J.-F. Gui, and Q.-Y. Zhang, Aquaculture 262:1–9, 2007,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.09.030
).
Supplemental Material: Recognition of late Paleoproterozoic gold mineralization in the North China craton: Evidence from multi-mineral U-Pb geochronology and stable isotopes of the Shanggong deposit
Authors: Zhao Shao-Rui , Li Jian-Wei , al. et
Published: March 2022

Four supplemental tables in Appendix.
Mutation of theMYL3gene in a patient with mid-ventricular obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mavilakandy Akash , Ahamed Hisham
Published: March 2022

In this study, we discuss a female patient referred to cardiology with left ventricular hypertrophy at mid-ventricular segments resulting in a mid-cavitary obstruction and a left ventricular apical aneurysm. The patient had normal epicardial coronary arteries, but presented with recurrent cerebrovascular events. The patient had a positive family history for sudden cardiac death. Cardiac MRI detected positive features of left ventricular mid-cavity obstruction, left ventricular apical aneurysm and delayed gadolinium enhancement, with Holter monitoring assessment displaying segments of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Genetic analysis detected an myosin light chain 3 (MYL3) gene mutation. The patient will be referred to receive an implantable cardioverter defibrillator.

TheMYL3gene mutation is a rare variant in patients with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. To our knowledge, the presence of a left ventricular apical aneurysm has not been previously reported in literature concerning theMYL3gene mutation. The presence of this abnormality further increases the risk of sudden cardiac death.
Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis presenting with a postpartum psychosis
Authors: Silva Tânia , Ferreira Sofia , Esteves Pedro , Cerejeira Joaquim
Published: March 2022

Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT) is a rare condition characterised by neuropsychiatric symptoms, presence of antithyroid antibodies and significant response to steroid therapy. Postpartum psychosis (PP), although having a low prevalence, is a psychiatrical emergency with potentially serious impact in the mother and children. PP has an atypical presentation when compared with affective or psychotic episodes unrelated to pregnancy. Autoimmune dysfunction is frequent in the postpartum period and is closely related to PP. We report a case of a primiparous woman in her 20s with PP who did not respond to initial treatment with antipsychotics. After reassessment, SREAT was considered in the differential diagnosis. Neuropsychiatric symptoms improved dramatically after 72 hours of treatment with high-dose steroids treatment and the patient was discharged after 16 days. In women with PP, an autoimmune cause must be ruled out before assuming a psychiatry aetiology.
Infraumbilical surgical retrieval of transected umbilical artery catheter in an 840 g newborn
Authors: Maggioni Alessandra , Sattar Sarah , Thakkar Hemanshoo , Milan Anna
Published: March 2022

An 840 g female baby born at 25 weeks gestation suffered a rare complication of umbilical arterial catheter (UAC) insertion, involving an accidental transection resulting in 11 cm of retained catheter inside the baby. Investigations revealed migration of the proximal tip of the catheter within 10 hours into the left subclavian artery.

This complication is rare and has not frequently been described in the literature. Given the size and gestation of the patient, the risks and benefits of both conservative and non-conservative management were discussed in detail prior to any treatment decision being made. Effective multidisciplinary teamwork contributed to the successful removal of the UAC, done via a minimally invasive infraumbilical approach, associated with no further complications.
Urothelial carcinoma with mandibular metastasis and synchronous prostate cancer
Authors: Pawar Dushyant , Arif Dauod , Raghunath Arrvind , Rehman Shabnam
Published: March 2022

Only 4% of newly diagnosed bladder cancer (BC) patients present with metastatic disease. The most common reported sites of metastases are lymph nodes, bones, lung, liver and peritoneum. Mandibular metastasis is very rare. We report a case of muscle-invasive urothelial cancer metastasised to the mandible and with an incidental finding of high-risk prostate cancer (PC). Incidental finding of PC in BC patients may be suggestive of a common aetiology. Treatment for BC and PC can be delivered in parallel, including platinum-based chemotherapy, cystectomy and androgen depletion therapy. Prognosis of metastatic BC is poor, and high-risk PC may affect progression-free survival of BC. Our case highlights importance of considering BC metastasis to the jaw as well as synchronous PC in the management of patients presenting with BC.
Dilution rate and wear-resistance performance of assisted wire filling cable-type welding wire GMAW of surfacing layer
Authors: Yang Zhidong , Chen Yuntao , Yang Dongdong , Fang Chenfu , Chen Shujin , Shi Mingxiao
Published: March 2022

Surfacing technology is widely used in material surface modification and repair industries, with the advantages of low dilution rate and high wear-resistance performance. The assisted wire filling (AWF) of cable-type welding wire (CWW) gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is an innovative surfacing method, using CWW as the consumable electrode. The dilution rate and wear-resistance performance were studied in this paper. The results show that the weld penetration of the AWF-CWW-GMAW surfacing layer increased with the increase of welding current, which was consistent with the method of CWW GMAW. The dilution rate of the surfacing layer was about 19% lower than that of the CWW-GMAW with the same parameters. Comparing with the CWW-GAMW method, the sample treated by AFW-CWW-GAMW had a smaller dilution rate of surfacing layer, a less wear loss, a smaller friction coefficient and a higher hardness under the same welding parameters. The alloy element distribution of the surfacing layer was higher than that of CWW-GMAW from the weld to the base metal.
Experimental study on the effect of dwell-fatigue life of titanium alloy for pressure hull
Authors: Li Yong-Zheng , Zhang Shi-Xin , Wang Ke
Published: March 2022

Titanium alloy is widely applied in the pressure hull of the manned submersible for its good mechanical properties. The operations of the manned submersible include diving, cruising and ascent. The load spectrum of the pressure hull is a typical dwell-fatigue process. The dwell effect is known to induce a reduction in the fatigue life of titanium alloys at room-temperature. The dwell fatigue of the new titanium alloy is the key issue to ensure a safe submersible operation. In this paper, the dwell-fatigue behavior of a new titanium alloy for pressure hull is investigated. It is found that the accumulated strain at the final rupture increases with the increase of dwell time, and the total cycle decreases. The total cycle life of the specimen decreases, and the accumulated strain increases with increasing peak stress level. The introduction of the dwell time at the peak stress will significantly reduce the dwell-fatigue life and the mechanism is due to the accumulation of the plastic strain.
Effect of arc voltage on process stability of bypass-coupling twin-wire indirect arc welding
Authors: Wu Dongting , Zhang Zhibin , Du Fuxin , Zou Yong
Published: March 2022

With the development of bypass-coupling technique, the process window of twin-wire indirect arc welding has been effectively broadened, but the process stability is required to be further improved. In this paper, the influence of arc voltage on the stability of welding process was investigated through process experiments. It was found that the direct arc and indirect arc were alternately ignited. Under the condition of the output voltage at 32 V, the ratio of the indirect arc current to overall welding current was the largest. The weld was well formed with the output voltage above 32 V. Considering both the deposition efficiency and process stability, the desirable output voltage was 32 V.
Investigation of PTCR characteristics in Sm2O3-doped BaTiO3-based chip-type ceramics prepared in a reducing atmosphere
Authors: Cheng Xuxin , Xu Zhiyong , Chen Xiaoming , Yang Bingwen , Wang Yuxin , Dang Mingzhao
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we investigated the influence of cooling rates on electrical properties and positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTCR) effect of (Ba1.22−xSmx)TiO3 + 0.007 mol SiO2 (BTS) ceramics, which were fired at 1200∘C for 30 min in a reducing atmosphere and then reoxidized at 700–800∘C for 1 h. The results showed that the room-temperature (RT) resistivity and the resistance jump of the chip-type BTS ceramics increased with an increase in the cooling rate. Furthermore, the RT resistivity of the BTS specimens gradually decreased at first and then increased with increasing donor-doping concentration. In addition, the influence of cooling rates on the microstructure of ceramics was also investigated.
About the theory of the physical nature of light
Authors: Yunusov Nigmatulla
Published: March 2022

This article proposes a new refined definition of light, which makes it possible to harmonize the wave and corpuscular concepts of this object of matter and quantitative relations that describe the wave-corpuscular nature of the phenomena of interference, diffraction, dispersion, polarization, external and internal photoeffects as phenomena as well as such electroluminescence and photoluminescence associated with light.
EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE DYNAMICS WITH SOME PREVENTIVE MEASURES: A CASE STUDY OF THE 2018–2020 KIVU OUTBREAK
Authors: OUEMBA TASSÉ A. J. , TSANOU B. , LUBUMA J. , WOUKENG JEAN LOUIS , SIGNING FRANCIS
Published: March 2022

To fight against Ebola virus disease, several measures have been adopted. Among them, isolation, safe burial and vaccination occupy a prominent place. In this paper, we present a model which takes into account these three control strategies as well as the indirect transmission through a polluted environment. The asymptotic behavior of our model is achieved. Namely, we determine a threshold value [Formula: see text] of the control reproduction number [Formula: see text], below which the disease is eliminated in the long run. Whenever the value of [Formula: see text] ranges from [Formula: see text] and 1, we prove the existence of a backward bifurcation phenomenon, which corresponds to the case, where a locally asymptotically stable positive equilibrium co-exists with the disease-free equilibrium, which is also locally asymptotically stable. The existence of this bifurcation complicates the control of Ebola, since the requirement of [Formula: see text] below one, although necessary, is no longer sufficient for the elimination of Ebola, more efforts need to be deployed. When the value of [Formula: see text] is greater than one, we prove the existence of a unique endemic equilibrium, locally asymptotically stable. That is the disease may persist and become endemic. Numerically, we fit our model to the reported data for the 2018–2020 Kivu Ebola outbreak which occurred in Democratic Republic of Congo. Through the sensitivity analysis of the control reproduction number, we prove that the transmission rates of infected alive who are outside hospital are the most influential parameters. Numerically, we explore the usefulness of isolation, safe burial combined with vaccination and investigate the importance to combine the latter control strategies to the educational campaigns or/and case finding.
Optimizing Vertical Jumping Height of Single-Legged Robots with Passive TOE Joints Using the Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Moslemi Mohammad Mahdi , Sadedel Majid , Moghadam Majid Mohammadi
Published: March 2022

Legged robots have been interesting for researchers because they can move on uneven terrain and operate in dangerous areas for humans. Among these robots, the single-legged robot is an excellent choice to study because they are simpler than another legged robot. In this paper, we have designed a single-legged robot similar to the anatomy of the human leg. It consists of four active joints and one passive joint. The hip, knee, and ankle joint are considered active joints, and the toe joint is a passive joint. To make the simulation more accurate, we should define the physical property of the environment in detail. So, ground contact and friction model should be specified. After defining the robot model, we designed joint motion. Path planning aims to make the robot jump in the vertical direction. Besides, the robot must start jumping on the toe joint. The toe joint stiffness and damping play the leading role in jumping height. So, there should be optimum values for these parameters. The genetic algorithm is then used to optimize jumping height.
How Does Corporate Social Responsibility Moderate the Adverse Effects of Product Failure in Social Media?
Authors: Cho Sonia , Choi Ka Wai Stanley , Ho Shuk Ying , Wu Dixin
Published: March 2022

Synopsis

The research problem

This paper investigates how corporate social responsibility (CSR) moderates the adverse effect of product failure on promoting tweeting about a firm’s products, which subsequently affects sales growth.

Motivation or theoretical reasoning

Under the social contract theory, high-CSR-performance firms gain social approval and acceptance as they are perceived to have fulfilled their obligations and met society’s expectations. Society is more forgiving to these firms when they are involved in negative events such as product failure.

The test hypotheses

We hypothesized that firms’ CSR performance moderates the negative effect of product failure on tweet sentiment and that the increase in tweet sentiment leads to higher future sales growth.

Target population

We focused on the automotive industry due to its vast consumer base. We sampled all 16 car manufacturers that operate in the US.

Adopted methodology

Using aspect-based sentiment analysis, we identified 302,718 tweets from Twitter about the quality of cars and extracted the tweet sentiment. We used the car recall records to proxy for product failure.

Analyses

Multivariate regressions were used to test our hypotheses.

Findings

We found that firms’ CSR mitigates the negative effect of product failure on tweet sentiment about product quality and, subsequently, promotes sales growth. Our findings show that firms with strong CSR received significantly more net positive tweets than did those with weak CSR. Moreover, a 10% increase in net positive tweets was associated with a 0.43% increase in quarterly sales growth ([Formula: see text]). Of the three CSR types, governance CSR exerted the strongest effect on tweet sentiment and environmental CSR the second, while social CSR ranked the third. This paper extends the literature by investigating the effect of CSR on sales growth by altering social media tweeting.
Some convergence results using K iteration process in Banach Spaces
Authors: Ullah Kifayat , Ahmad Junaid
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we establish several strong and weak convergence results for a class of mappings which is essentially wider than the class of Suzuki mappings using [Formula: see text] iteration process in the context of uniformly convex Banach spaces. We also provide an example for support of our results. The obtained results are the extension and improvement of some recent results in the fixed point approximations theory.
GenMuNN: A mutation-based approach to repair deep neural network models
Authors: Wu Huanhuan , Li Zheng , Cui Zhanqi , Liu Jianbin
Published: March 2022

Deep neural network (DNN) models have been widely used in e-commerce, games, automobiles, manufacturing, and so on. Improper structure, parameters, activation function, or incorrect loss function of the DNN models may cause defects in performance or security. As a result, there are some researches that focus on repairing DNN such as MODE and Apricot. However, the cost of repairing is high or the repair may lead to overfitting. In order to solve this problem, we propose GenMuNN, which is a Mutation-Based Approach to Repair Deep Neural Network Models. First, it analyzes the importance of the weights of the neurons in each layer of the DNN model to the correctness of the final prediction results, and ranks the weights according to the influence on the prediction results of the DNN model. Second, mutation is performed to generate mutants based on the rank of weights, and genetic algorithms are used to select mutants for the next round of mutation until the stop condition is touched. Experiments are carried on a set of DNN models which are trained with the MNIST dataset. The experimental results show that GenMuNN can improve the accuracy of the DNN models.
Valuing Health Loss in Karachi City from Water Contamination and Household Defensive Behavior
Authors: Jamil Faisal , Siddique Zahid , Adil Iftikhar Hussain
Published: March 2022

Clean water is essential for healthy living and the use of contaminated water is a major source of global and regional burden of disease and mortality in less developed countries. This study identifies the extent of water contamination through standardized laboratory tests from the metropolitan city of Karachi, which is the largest city of Pakistan. Moreover, a household survey data is used to estimate a health production function focusing on waterborne diseases. The study finds the average probability of waterborne diseases and estimates the cost of illness from the sample data. Probability of illness and defensive behavior are proxied by the prevalence of diarrhea and household expenditures on water treatment, respectively. The results show that the likelihood of getting diarrhea is higher among households who make less expenditures on water treatment. Water contamination positively affects and filtration negatively affects the prevalence of diarrhea in the city. Further, the study finds that the total direct monthly health cost of untreated water consumption for the entire population of Karachi is PKR 80.7 million.
Distinguishing between Economies of Scale and Technical Progress
Authors: Lau Lawrence J. , Park Jungsoo
Published: March 2022

We show how economies of scale may be distinguished from technical progress and how both may be simultaneously identified in the empirical analysis of aggregate economic growth. Using the meta-production function framework and a cross-section of time-series macroeconomic data on inputs and outputs from a sample of developed, newly industrialised and developing economies, estimates of their individual degrees of returns to scale and rates of technical progress over different periods are obtained. It is not necessary to assume that the aggregate production functions of all economies are identical — they only need to be similar after suitable economy- and commodity-specific time-varying transformations of the quantities of the measured inputs and outputs, and these similarity assumptions can be and are explicitly tested. In addition, the individual economy-specific biases of returns to scale and technical progress, if any, are also identified. It is found that the degree of returns to scale of an individual economy depends on the size of its domestic market, represented by the size of its population, and the share of industry value-added in its GDP. It is also found that the rates of technical progress of individual East Asian economies depend on their tangible capital intensities.
Clumped isotope constraints on the origins of reservoir methane from the Barents Sea
Authors: Thiagarajan Nivedita , Pedersen Jon Halvard , Brunstad Harald , Rinna Joachim , Lepland Aivo , Eiler John
Published: March 2022

The Barents Sea basin is an oil and gas province containing more than 760 million tons of oil equivalents. The reservoir geology of the Barents Sea is complex due to multiple episodes of subsidence, uplift and erosion, which opened a network of extensional and wrench related faults allowing for fluid migration. The multifaceted geological history complicates efforts to describe the source and characteristics of natural gas in the subsurface Barents Sea. Here we apply stable isotopes, including methane clumped isotope measurements, to thirteen natural gases from five (Skrugard Appraisal, Havis, Alta, Filicudi, and Svanefjell) reservoirs in the Loppa High area in the southwestern Barents Sea to estimate the origins of methane. We compare estimates of methane formation temperature based on clumped isotopes to thermal evolution models for the region. We find that the methane has diverse origins including microbial and thermogenic sources forming and equilibrating at temperatures ranging from 34–238°C. Our clumped isotope temperature estimates are consistent with thermal evolution models for the area. These temperatures can be explained by gas generation and expulsion in the oil and gas window followed by isotopic re-equilibration in some reservoirs due to microbial methanogenesis and/or anaerobic oxidation of methane. Gases from the Skrugard Appraisal, Havis and Alta have methane equilibration temperatures consistent with maximum burial temperatures, while gases from Svanefjell have methane equilibration temperatures consistent with current reservoir temperature, suggesting isotope re-equilibration in the shallow reservoir. Gases from Filicudi on the other hand are consistent with generation over multiple points over its thermal history.
Stratix 10 NX Architecture
Authors: Langhammer Martin , Nurvitadhi Eriko , Gribok Sergey , Pasca Bogdan
Published: March 2022

The advent of AI has driven the exploration of high-density low-precision arithmetic on FPGAs. This has resulted in new methods in mapping both arithmetic functions as well as dataflows onto the fabric, as well as some changes to the embedded DSP Blocks. Technologies outside of the FPGA realm have also evolved, such as the addition of tensor structures for GPUs, as well as the introduction of numerous AI ASSPs, all of which have a higher claimed performance and efficiency than current FPGAs. In this article, we will introduce the Stratix 10 NX device, which is a variant of FPGA specifically optimized for the AI application space. In addition to the computational capabilities of the standard programmable soft-logic fabric, a new type of DSP Block provides the dense arrays of low-precision multipliers typically used in AI implementations. The architecture of the block is tuned for the common matrix-matrix or vector-matrix multiplications in AI, with capabilities designed to work efficiently for both small and large matrix sizes. The base precisions are INT8 and INT4, along with shared exponent support to support block FP16 and block FP12 numerics. All additions/accumulations can be done in INT32 or IEEE-754 single precision floating point (FP32), and multiple blocks can be cascaded together to support larger matrices. We will also describe methods by which the smaller precision multipliers can be aggregated to create larger multipliers that are more applicable to standard signal processing requirements.

In the AI market, the FPGA must compete directly with other types of devices, rather than occupy a unique niche. Deterministic system performance is as important as the performance of individual FPGA elements, such as logic, memory, and DSP. We will show that the feed forward datapath structures that are needed to support the typical AI matrix-vector and matrix-matrix multiplication operations can consistently close timing at over 500 MHz on a mid-speed grade device, even if all of the Tensor Blocks on the device are used. We will also show a full-chip NPU processor implementation that out performs GPUs at the same process node for a variety of AI inferencing workloads, even though it has a lower operating frequency of 365 MHz.

In terms of overall compute throughput, Stratix 10 NX is specified at 143 INT8/FP16 TOPs/FLOPs or 286 INT4/FP12 TOPS/FLOPs. Depending on the configuration, power efficiency is in the range of 1–4 TOPs or TFLOPs/W.
Visible-Light-Enhanced Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Using Electrodeposited Molybdenum Oxide
Authors: Shang Wenxue , Xiao Yi , Yu Airu , Shen Hongxia , Cheng Qiong , Sun Yantao , Zhang Liqiu , Liu Lichun , Li Lihua
Published: March 2022

Electrocatalytic hydrogen production using inexpensive catalysts and solar energy has become a critical research direction due to its economic interest and environmental friendliness. Photoresponsive semiconductors play a key role in this field. In this work, we demonstrate visible light-responsive, mixed-valence, molybdenum oxide (MoO3−x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) thin films with oxygen vacancies that are electrochemically deposited in a period of seconds through an ammonium heptamolybdate electrolyte. XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM, EPR, Raman, and electrochemical techniques (Linear Sweep Voltammetry, Chronoamperometry, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Tafel analysis) have been utilized to characterize the MoO3−x films. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and the Mott-Schottky (MS) plot reveal that the as-deposited semiconductive MoO3−x film possesses an optical bandgap of ∼2.53 eV and a flat band potential of ∼0.40 eV, respectively. The MoO3−x films exhibit up to 152% electrocatalytic current improvement in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) upon illumination with visible light compared to in the dark. The superior electrocatalytic activity of the as-deposited MoO3−x films under illumination is attributed to the lower bandgap, lower overpotential, decreased electronic resistivity, and a smaller Tafel slope. Our experimental exploration suggests that MoO3−x can be potentially applied as an effective, low-cost electrode material for high-performance solar energy-assisted hydrogen fuel production.
Analytical Impedance of PEM Fuel Cell Cathode Including Oxygen Transport in the Channel, Gas Diffusion, and Catalyst Layers
Authors: Kulikovsky Andrei
Published: March 2022

A model for impedance of a PEM fuel cell cathode taking into account oxygen transport in the cathode catalyst layer (CCL), gas–diffusion layer (GDL) and in channel is solved analytically. A formula for the cathode impedance is valid for the cell current densities below 100 mA cm−2 and air flow stoichiometries exceeding 10. Least–squares fitting of experimental spectrum using the analytical result takes about 5 s on a standard PC. Fitting returns Tafel slope of the oxygen reduction reaction, double layer capacitance, CCL proton conductivity and oxygen diffusivities of the CCL and GDL. Analytical impedance can be coded as a user–defined function for a standard spectra fitting software supplied with EIS–meters.
Metabonomics Study on Naotaifang Extract Alleviating Neuronal Apoptosis after Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Xu Dehong , Ai Qidi , Chen Xiaoqing , Wang Zhaoguo , Wei Hongda , Zhou Luobing , Mei Zhigang , Ge Jinwen
Published: March 2022

Naotaifang extract (NTE) is a clinically effective traditional Chinese medicine compound for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Although NTE can achieve neuroprotective function through different mechanisms, the pharmacodynamic substances of NTE corresponding to these mechanisms have rarely been reported. Alleviating or inhibiting neuronal apoptosis is an important way to achieve neuroprotection. Accordingly, this study has evaluated the effects of NTE on alleviating neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury from two levels of cells and tissues. Meanwhile, the serum pharmacochemistry of NTE was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) with the guidance of Chinmedomics. The results included three aspects: (1) NTE could significantly alleviate neuronal apoptosis caused by in vitro cellular models and in vivo animal models; (2) a total of 21 serum differential metabolites was discovered, including adenosine, inosine, ferulic acid, calycosin, salidroside, 6-gingerol, 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde, and so on; (3) the metabolic pathway regulated by NTE was mainly purine metabolism. From these results, it can be concluded that alleviating neuronal apoptosis by NTE after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is one of the important mechanisms to achieve neuroprotection. The pharmacodynamic substances of NTE for alleviating neuronal apoptosis on the one hand are related to components directly absorbed into blood, such as ferulic acid, calycosin, salidroside, 6-gingerol, and 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde and on the other hand are also closely linked to its indirect regulation of purine metabolism in the body to produce adenosine and inosine. Therefore, our research not only identified the main pharmacodynamic substances of NTE that alleviated neuronal apoptosis but also provided a methodological reference for studying other neuroprotective effects of NTE.
New Hair Growth Cream Formulation with Cocoa Pod Peel (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Mustarichie Resmi , Hasanah Aliya Nur , Wilar Gofarana , Gozali Dolih , Saptarini Nyi Mekar
Published: March 2022

Our previous study verified that the waste skin of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) fruit or waste cocoa pod husks had the efficacy to overcome hair loss or alopecia. This study aims to determine the formula and activity of hair cream of cocoa pod peel water fraction, which is effective in stimulating hair growth. Activity testing uses the modified Tanaka method. The results showed that the cocoa husk wastewater fraction could be formulated into hair cream, but there were changes in viscosity and pH after the freeze-thaw test, but still within the allowed limit. The hair cream water fraction gel stimulated hair growth activity based on the hair length data with a significant difference in concentration of the preparation. The best activity in hair cream preparation was at 12.5% concentration. In addition, there were no signs of irritation to the rabbit’s skin where hair cream preparation was applied. The results of this study indicated that cocoa fruit peel cream can be used for antialopecia treatments.
Visceral Leishmaniasis and Herpes Zoster as a Component of Syndrome of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in an HIV-Positive Patient
Authors: Muço Ermira , Karruli Arta , Hoxha Neada , Hoxhaj Alma , Kokici Majlinda
Published: March 2022

Immune reconstitution syndrome (IRIS) is a state of unusual hyperinflammatory response against latent infections which occurs after CD4 cell count improvement and as a consequence of immune response once highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV is introduced. Leishmania parasites and varicella zoster virus (VZV) may be a manifestation of IRIS, but few data exist in literature in particular regarding Leishmania parasites. Case Presentation. A 47-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with fever. He was diagnosed with HIV infection and was a late presenter according to CD4+ count of 98 cells/mm3/9.5% and baseline illness (chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and oral candidiasis). The patient started highly active antiretroviral therapy (abacavir plus lamivudine plus efavirenz). Clinical symptoms improved and CD4+ increased to 22%, 374 cells/mm3. After 88 days, he presented with a 17-day history of high fever, sweat, fatigue, further weight loss, and lethargy. According to clinical image findings and hematochemical parameters, the patient was diagnosed with visceral leishmaniasis. He improved under treatment with liposomal amphotericin B. He presented again, 105 days after with disseminated herpes zoster infection. CD4+ count was 28.5%, 455 cell/mm3. The patient started treatment with acyclovir for 10 days. Four weeks later, he had no skin elements. At present, the patient continues HAART and is under regular monitoring. Conclusions. Early diagnosis of IRIS-associated diseases and treatment were fundamental in the patient’s prognosis. Our patient presented with two different components of IRIS in two different time frames, confirming IRIS to be a broad-spectrum disease, heterogeneous and unique for each patient. A close monitoring during ART initiation, in particular in late presenters, is important in preventing IRIS. In case of IRIS development, a detailed investigation of rare associated diseases not only common ones is of great importance for the management and the prognosis of these patients.
Vimentin Protein In Situ Expression Predicts Less Tumor Metastasis and Overall Better Survival of Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Xuefang , Cao Guangming , Diao Xiaoli , Bai Wenyu , Zhang Yang , Wang Shuzhen
Published: March 2022

Background. Vimentin, a cytoplasmic intermediate filament protein, has been recently identified to be a prognostic biomarker in some cancers. However, the function of vimentin in endometrial carcinoma (EC) remains unclear. Our study aimed at evaluating vimentin expression in EC and preliminarily exploring the role of vimentin in EC progression. Methods. In total, 341 EC patients who underwent surgical follow-up were enrolled in the retrospective study. Vimentin expression levels in EC tissues were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the vimentin (VIM) gene expression levels in 547 samples in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed. To examine the prognostic value of vimentin in EC, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed, and a Cox model was established. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was also conducted using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database to explore the role of vimentin in EC progression. Results. Negative vimentin expression in EC correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis, deep myometrium invasion (MI), lymph vascular space invasion (LVSI), advanced Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics Association (FIGO) stages (III and IV), and high tumor grade. Vimentin negativity was more common in type 2 EC than that in type 1 EC, and vimentin-negative patients had poorer overall survival compared with vimentin-positive patients. The results of GSEA suggested that vimentin may interact with classical pathways in EC. Conclusions. Negative vimentin expression correlates with tumor metastasis and worse overall survival in EC, suggesting that it may be an excellent prognostic biomarker for this disease. The mechanism by which vimentin contributes to EC progression needs to be explored in the future.
Role of Gastric Microorganisms Other than Helicobacter pylori in the Development and Treatment of Gastric Diseases
Authors: Duan Xiaoyan , Chen Ping , Xu Xiaoxia , Han Meiling , Li Jianbo
Published: March 2022

The microenvironment in the stomach is different from other digestive tracts, mainly because of the secretion of gastric acid and digestive enzymes, bile reflux, special mucus barrier, gastric peristalsis, and so on, which all contribute to the formation of antibacterial environment. Microecological disorders can lead to gastric immune disorders or lead to the decrease of dominant bacteria and the increase of the abundance and virulence of pathogenic microorganisms and then promote the occurrence of diseases. The body performs its immune function through innate and adaptive immunity and maintains microbial balance through the mechanism of immune homeostasis. Microecological imbalance can lead to the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms and damage mucosal barrier and immune system. The coexistence of gastric microorganisms (including viruses and fungi) may play a synergistic or antagonistic role in the pathogenesis of gastric diseases. Probiotics have the ability to compete with intestinal pathogens, increase the secretion of immunoglobulin A (IgA), stimulate the production of mucin, bacteriocin, and lactic acid, regulate the expression and secretion of cytokines, and regulate the growth of microbiota, which all have beneficial effects on the host microbial environment. At present, most studies focused on Helicobacter pylori, ignoring other stomach microbes and the overall stomach microecology. So, in this article, we reviewed advances in human gastric microecology, the relationship between gastric microecology and immunity or gastric diseases, and the treatment of probiotics in gastric diseases, in order to explore new area for further study of gastric microorganisms and treatment of gastric diseases.
Transfer Learning on Knowledge Graph Construction: A Case Study of Investigating Gas-Mining Risk Report
Authors: Wang Chong , Wang Jiren , Wei Like , Wang Xiangqian , Yang Chaoyu , Zhang Lifang
Published: March 2022

This study addressed the problem of automated Knowledge Graph (KG) construction from unstructured documents, with the assistance of transfer learning. Despite a large amount of effort made to discover KG, how to explore unknown KGs from existing knowledge remains a challenge. In this paper, we firstly formulate the KG detection process as a transfer-learning problem, which consists of two main steps. At first, we pretrain a backbone model using the source domain. Due to sufficient samples from the source domain, this backbone model can be trained better. Second, we migrate this model (from the known domain) to the target domain by fine-tuning key parameters. The fine-tuning operation only requires less computation, which is very efficient. As such, the backbone model can be successfully transferred into the target domain, even with limit training samples. Experimental evaluations using one real-world dataset of gas-mining reports demonstrate the advantages of utilizing the proposed algorithm to construct KG using transferable information.
A Review of the Environmental Impact of Buildings with an Emphasis on Performance Assessment Tools and Their Incorporation of LCA
Authors: Chandrasekaran Vidhyalakshmi , Dvarionienė Jolanta
Published: March 2022

Background. The environmental performance of buildings has been a focus of interest over the years in the building sector. Numerous building environmental assessment tools (BEA) have evolved to follow the lead of sustainability by updating categories and criteria from a lifecycle perspective. Therefore, it is timely to review the existing methods that already integrated LCA in their processes. The purpose of this study unfolds in three ways: (1) to review the existing BEA methods and LCA studies in residential buildings, (2) to compare the most adopted BEA methods, and (3) to study the integration of LCA and sustainability aspects applied within each selected BEA method. Methods. Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched for articles published between August 2010 and August 2021 in English. To identify studies and to conduct this review, four keywords, namely “Building Assessment Tools,” “Residential Building,” “LCA,” and “Sustainability” (and their derivatives), were used. The articles were searched so that all four keywords or at least a derivative of each keyword would appear. Furthermore, the outcomes of the database search were categorized as LCA and BEA for the review. Moreover, the seven most adopted rating systems were selected for review and comparison based on (1) the scope of buildings assessed, (2) lifecycle phases assessed, (3) assessment criteria, and (4) the user of tools. Findings. Of the 42 articles that met the enclosure criteria, 20 articles covered the environmental impact and 22 articles covered LCA. The review reveals that most of the analyzed systems focus more on the operational stage than on the other stages. Each BEA method is diverse in terms of its users, criteria, and regions and creates a niche among assessment methods. Conclusions. The main conclusion of this study is that a great deal of work is required to achieve the goal of making the existing “environmental” building assessment tools more sustainable. At the same time, a focus on the better implementation of LCA functionalities at each stage and a complement by integrating socioeconomic‐based LCA models were also required.
Endoscopic Resection of Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors: Long-Term Outcomes and Comparison of Endoscopic Techniques
Authors: Pimentel-Nunes Pedro , Ortigão Raquel , Afonso Luís Pedro , Bastos Rui Pedro , Libânio Diogo , Dinis-Ribeiro Mário
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (GI-NETs) are being more frequently diagnosed and treated by endoscopic resection (ER) techniques. However, comparison studies of the different ER techniques or long-term outcomes are rarely reported. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study analyzing short and long-term outcomes after ER of gastric, duodenum, and rectal GI-NETs. Comparison between standard EMR (sEMR), EMR with a cap (EMRc), and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was made. Results: Fifty-three patients with GI-NET (25 gastric, 15 duodenal, and 13 rectal; sEMR = 21; EMRc = 19; ESD = 13) were included in the analysis. Median tumor size was 11 mm (range 4–20), significantly larger in the ESD and EMRc groups compared to the sEMR group (p < 0.05). Complete ER was possible in all cases with 68% histological complete resection (no difference between the groups). Complication rate was significantly higher in the EMRc group (EMRc 32%, ESD 8%, and EMRs 0%, p = 0.01). Local recurrence occurred in only one patient, and systemic recurrence in 6%, with size ≥ 12 mm being a risk factor for systemic recurrence (p = 0.05). Specific disease-free survival after ER was 98%. Conclusion: ER is a safe and highly effective treatment particularly for less than 12 mm luminal GI-NETs. EMRc is associated with a high complication rate and should be avoided. sEMR is an easy and safe technique that is associated with long-term curability, and it is probably the best therapeutic option for most luminal GI-NETs. ESD appears to be the best option for lesions that cannot be resected en bloc with sEMR. Multicenter, prospective randomized trials should confirm these results.