bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Response Analysis of Docking Chamber Structure Considering Viscoelastic Boundary Condition
Authors: Tao Gui Lan , Zhang Li
Published: September 2013

Spring-damper units were set on the boundaries to absorb incident waves and reflected scattering waves to realize viscoelastic artificial boundary (VAB). The equivalent node load input method was used to simulate the VAB and viscoelastic boundary element wave input. Programming is based on APDL secondary development language with ANSYS finite element software. Considering the interaction between chamber structure and the surrounding soil, docking chamber structure dynamic model is established based on the VAB. The linear elastic model was used for concrete structure. The D-P nonlinear model was used for the back soil calculation. Docking chamber structure dynamic analysis under conditions of fixed boundaries and viscoelastic boundaries were conducted. The result indicated that under the viscoelastic boundary conditions, dynamic acceleration response is significant on the top of the lock wall, which is approximately 2.5 times of the value on the bottom of the lock wall. The maximum response stress appears near the cross point of the lock wall and the bottom floor with value of approximately 5620 kPa;.The chamber bottom floor is subjected to tension and maximum stress with the value of approximately 6180 kPa. Usually, the structure response under the fixed boundary conditions is higher than the structure response under the viscoelastic boundary conditions.
Influence on Seismic Response of Dam by Different Dynamic Boundaries
Authors: Cen Wei Jun , Xiong Kun , Yuan Li Na , Wang Shuai
Published: September 2013

The dam will interact with the foundation during earthquakes. The numerical seismic response of dam by FEM will be significantly influenced by the reasonable computational domain and dynamic boundary. Viscous-spring boundary, viscous boundary, fixed boundary, fixed boundary with massless foundation were compared one another on the dam's seismic response. Due to the radiation damping of foundation reflected by viscous-spring boundary, the peak value of dynamic response can be reduced 50% approximately at most compared with the traditional fixed boundary of massless foundation.
Seismic Rotations and Rotational Seismic Input for Building Design
Authors: Liu Yue Wei , Zhou Yang
Published: September 2013

The rotational seismic inputs for building design were discussed. The free ground rotations and the relation between free ground rotations and basement rotations were derived. The results show that the relation depends on the basement size, site and seismic frequency. For most building, the differences between the free ground rotations and the basement rotations are small. The suggestion is that for tall buildings the free ground rotations can be taken as the seismic input, but for low-rise building with large basement, the response spectra in short period region should be reduced.
Fluid Modeling for Seismic Analyses of Aqueduct Bridges
Authors: Li Yu Chun , Chang Chen Yu
Published: September 2013

The aqueduct bridge carries a large amount of water (fluid). How to model fluid is a basic issue in the seismic analysis and design of aqueduct bridges. This paper discusses and summarizes computational methods of fluid for the three-dimensional seismic response analyses. The result of this paper provides a reference for the researchers and engineers, who are interested in seismic-resistance computations of aqueduct bridges.
Nonlinear Seismic Response Analysis Model and Experimental Verification for Pile Foundation of Bridge Structure
Authors: Chen Xing Chong , Wang Chang Feng , Liu Zun Wen
Published: September 2013

Through analysis and comparison of some nonlinear seismic response analysis models for structures of bridges with pile foundation, considering the effect of deformation performance of pile foundation whose nonlinear properties of foundation and the component are taken into account, this paper presents an improved model relatively. In order to verify the rationality of the improved model proposed in this paper, the calculation and analyses of the test model of a single pier with pile foundation through pushover are done, and the results are compared with the experiment results.The pile foundation does not damaged under seismic load; The improved model can reflect material nonlinearity of the actual soil contact between soil and pile, and the dispersed spring model can be better to simulate the postural nonlinear of pile-soil contact and separation; at the same time, we need to consider vertical friction spring in the pile side.
Discussion on Seismic Reinforcement Methods of Current Bridges
Authors: Jiao Chi Yu , Sun Zhe
Published: September 2013

China is a seismic country, which not only has its own features of high intensity and frequency but also has a wide range of distribution .The bridge, as the transportation hub engineering of lifeline,will endanger people's safety of life and cause huge economic losses ,and meanwhile hinder the relief and reconstruction in disaster area once damaged in the earthquake. Based on the documents of bridge seismic reinforcement methods from home and abroad, a preliminary research and analysis are conducted and the basic structure of the form and corresponding seismic reinforcement methods of the current city bridge are summarized, moreover, the preliminary induction and analysis are also carried on.The study will have important significance to existing bridge seismic reinforcement methods , as well to the reasonable seismic design and seismic construction measures of the newly built bridge.
The Uncertainty in Shape Parameter Predictions of Seismic Design Spectra for Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Xu Long Jun , Zhang Hong Zhi
Published: September 2013

Aiming at the uncertainty of design spectrum raised by the construction methods, a comparative study is conducted in which different methodologies performed calculations of seismic response spectra using the same set of ground motion data from recent large earthquakes. The results of the research allowed some estimates to be made of the scaling method and model uncertainty involved in these calculations. These results were compared with the uncertainty derived from the proposed spectrum of a double-parameter-based bi-normalized response spectrum (DPBNS) approach. It is concluded that the sources of uncertainty that the results reflected are mainly impacted by the spectral type, scaling parameters, as well as imposed fixed conditions adopted in the calculations, for the scaling of the design spectra. Then, a discussion is provided on the limitations of these predications, in particular, of the approaches adopted in the construction of seismic spectra.
Research on Characters and Reinforcement of Silt on the Bottom of Stone Tongue Formed by Reclamation Silt
Authors: Li Wan , Huang Ming Hui , Li Mo
Published: September 2013

Drum-shaped stone tongue that there are 3 ~ 5 m thick wedge silt on the bottom formed in the junction of silt and the stone embankment by reclamation silt with mountain stone during the course of backfill. In the paper, on the basis of drills, superficia drilling holes, deep drilling holes and vibrating stop plank model, boundary stone embankment shape and soft soil layer depth were obtained, cross section of stone embankment and stone embankment boundary were revealed during the course of artificial fill, study the stone tongue shape, soft soil around stone tongue, silt characters on stone tongue bottom and reinforcement treatments were studied to obtain treatment method which can satisfy the engineering requirement and can save the engineering cost and provide mature construction technology and method for the similar subgrade treatment of sea reclamation engineering.
A Groundwater Runoff Model Applied to Computing Stratified Runoff Yield
Authors: Feng Jinping Feng
Published: September 2013

t is a basal task for the right estimation of groundwater runoff process in hydrological computation and hydrological forecasting. Because of the complicated hydrological process of underlying surface and the spacial variability in hilly area, the runoff yield process of groundwater is difficult to describe. This paper, for simulating the runoff yield process which mainly comes from groundwater, from deducing the underlying infiltration equation, stratifies the different conditions of underlying surface firstly, based on the water budget theory. And then, it forms a new system of methods to computing stratified runoff yield, according to J. C. I. Dooge linear system theory and Gardner. W. R. storage outflow equation theory. This method has a favorable effect to checking actual computations and nicer development and application future to simulating the runoff yield process which mainly comes from groundwater.
Influences of Topographical Change of Qiantang River on Design Flood of Puyang River
Authors: Ding Tao , Liu Li Ming
Published: September 2013

Since the Puyang River in Zhejiang province is easily influenced by tidal backwater of Qiantang River, its design flood level also fluctuates with topographical change of Qiantang River. The topography of Qiantang River has taken place considerable change by climate changes and human activities in recent years, and it had caused flood level of Wenyan station obvious rise from 0.22m to 0.89m, which produces great impact on flood level of Puyang River. This paper adopted the two-dimension numeral model to simulate the impact on flood level of the Puyang River which is caused by tidal backwater of Qiantang River. The results indicate that flood levels of Meichi satiation rise 3-30cm, and which of Linpu satiation rise 4-76cm when they respectively encounter with flood of Qiantang River from once every 100 years to once every 5 years. From the results, we can see the change of topographical of Qiantang River in recent years produces great impact on flood level of the Puyang River.
The Regulation Strategy for Wandering Reach of Zhang River
Authors: Yi Xiu Yong
Published: September 2013

The wandering reach of Zhang River is improved and regulated during the period 1995-2000. However, after that uncontrolled flow still digress from the control of the river banks, endangering the embankment. This project proposes constructing a canalizing the main course of the river, which could in a short time transform the wandering reach into a bending one. This project would form a compound cross-section of river, consisting the narrow canal and the wide open river beach. This project would easily constrain the main current of river, stabilize the flow regime, and ensure the safety of the embankment. Besides, the hardened and canalized river course would alleviate sediment load to the downstream reach.
Application of Roughening with the Grass Cushions in the Hydraulic Model of Comprehensive Harness of Qian'an Reach of Luan River
Authors: Zhao Hai Jing , Jin Ya Dong , Liu Jun
Published: September 2013

Restricted by such factors as the size of test area, amount of work and water depth of model, hydraulic models are often made into distorted patterns, whereas the distorted models demand for roughening usually. The hydraulic model of comprehensive harness of Qian'an Reach of Luan River requires big roughness that general roughening technologies cant meet, so the plastic grass cushions were introduced. The preliminary experiment in flume, the preliminary experiment of the comprehensive model and the verification experiment of the comprehensive model proved the feasibility of the technology of roughening with the grass cushions in hydraulic model tests.
Advances and Prospects of Reservoir Sedimentation Problem on Sediment-Laden River
Authors: Gao Guo Ming , Li Tao , Liu Zhe , Li Xiao Juan
Published: September 2013

Reservoir sediment problem on sediment-laden river is the main puzzle problem in reservoir operation. Reservoir sedimentation, reservoir operation, reservoir sediment treatment and utilization and simulation of reservoir are analyzed in the paper. Difficulty is also provided during the research process. And reservoir sediment research on Yellow River is prospected. The paper can be helpful to provide the basis for reservoir sediment problem on sediment-laden river, and also point out the direction of reservoir sediment research on Yellow River.
Effects of Subsurface Drainage Treatments on Chlorine Content in Mudflat Soil
Authors: Yan Yu Min , Wang Xue
Published: September 2013

To improve the soil condition in coastal area, subsurface drainage projects with different depth and space were established, and the materials were bellows combining with 40g/m2 geotechnical cloth and forage; in the study, the economic benefits were evaluated, and the soil samples before and after one typical rainfall were taken and observed. Results showed that the subsurface drainage system was proved to be feasible, with the EIRR of about 14.3%, ENPV of about 2697 $/hm2, and EBCR of about 1.36. On the other hand, subsurface drainage projects decreased the contents of Cl- in different soil layers significantly, especially T4, which obtained the optimum results, decreasing Cl- of each soil layer by more than 50% after the rainfall. From the observation results of the deeper soil, it was discovered that the lower depth was negative to the Cl- elimination in deeper soil layer. In practical, 0.9m depth and 10m space was appropriate for the application. Besides, the management and improvement of later stage were also important, in the reality situation of project conducted, the sludge elimination of the drainage pipes should be regarded as chief issue in later utilization of the drainage project.
River Regulation of a Phosphate Mine Area in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Authors: Li Xin , Zhou Ai Guo , Du Yi Ge , Huang Yong
Published: September 2013

In order to meet the requirements for flood prevention, the blocked river channel of a certain phosphate mine area which located in the Three Gorges Reservoir area requires to be regulated. The river channel has the features of mountain-rivers. The flood prevention standard of the river channel is designed to prevent 50-year flood according to the local meteorological and hydrological data. The gravity gabion retaining walls has been used to support side slopes, the Reynolds gabion cushion has been used to protect the bottom, and the reinforced Mack mattresses has been employed to protect slopes. The results indicate that the minimum cross sectional area of the river is 25.743 m2 under the condition of 50-year flood, which is lower than the designed maximum cross sectional area of the river 31 m2, meaning that the design of the river channel meets the flood prevention requirements. In addition, the special material composition and structure features of gabion structures do not only overcome the defects of the traditional structure which features stereoplasm imperviousness and is prone to aging and failures, but also are characterized by good foundation adaptability and ecological features. This project can be referred to similar projects as the new ideas in river regulation of mine mountain areas.
Calculation Method of Soil-Column Area Replacement Ratio in the Composite Foundation
Authors: Qin Jing , Lu Wei , Zhao Yun
Published: September 2013

The calculation equations of soil-column area replacement ratio (m) recommended by Chinese code Technical Code for Ground Treatment of Buildings (JGJ79-2012) have many limits in the practice. In this document, general equations of m value are derived by subdividing the composite soil element under the different pile arrangements. The results show that m value is determined by the two parameters: interval number among piles (n) and pile diameter-spacing ratio (d/s). m value greatly decreases with the increase of d/s at the constant n, whereas m slightly decreases with the increase of n at the constant d/s, and the larger n, the smaller drop of m value. Under triangular pile arrangement, the Chinese code recommended equations can be used with less than 10 percent of error ratio of m value when the width of composite foundation is above 10 m, but the general equations should be applied when the width is below 10 m. Under square pile arrangement, the recommended equations can be used when the width of composite subgrade is above 15 m, but the general equations should be applied when the width is below 15 m. The general calculation equations of m value derived in this paper can provide certain reference for theoretical calculation and engineering application.
Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources in the Shiyang River Basin and the Adaptive Measures for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction
Authors: Li Zhou , Li Xiao Yan , Sun Juan
Published: September 2013

Climate is an important factor which formed and affected surface water resources. Through sensitivity analysis of natural runoff towards climate change, assuming the main factors effect runoff are precipitation and temperature, then according to the possible tendency of climate changes in the future, set climate scenarios, and use the hydrological model simulate the changes trend of runoff under different climate scenarios, thereby analyze the climate change impacts on surface water resources. The results show that annual runoff will be increased with the increasing annual precipitation, and it will be reduced with rise of annual temperature, the sensitivity that annual runoff towards the change of precipitation and temperature are equally notable, both of them are two major factors impact on the change of runoff and the precipitation change impacts on annual runoff will be even more obvious in flood season. Last, with the global warming trend, put forward the corresponding adaptive measures of energy conservation and emissions reduction。
Fractal Dimensional Analysis of Runoff in Jinsha River Basin, China
Authors: Xie Yun Xia , Zeng Shang Chun , Wang Wen Sheng
Published: September 2013

The hydrological processes are becoming more and more complex. Fractal dimension is one of the important measurements of complexity. This paper utilizes wavelets transform technique to calculate the fractal dimension of runoff for eight stations (Zhimenda, Shigu, Ganzi, Yajiang, Guili, Luning, Xiaodeshi, Pingshan ) in the Jinsha River Basin. The results show: the runoff series in the Jinsha River Basin is fractal; the approach for estimating the fractal dimension by using wavelet transform coefficients is feasible and effective; the fractal dimension of runoff reflect the influence of factors on the runoff.
Preliminary Study on the Reasonable Allocation of Flood Drainage Right for Midstream of Huaihe River
Authors: Yu Feng Cun , Wang You Zhen , Yuan Xian Jiang
Published: September 2013

Due to the absence of the reasonable allocation and management of flood drainage right, most of the people consider their own interests when the floods occurred, which exacerbated the flood loss and caused water dispute. Taking the midstream of Huaihe River as the example, this study try to solve the flood problems from the reasonable allocation of flood drainage right. We analyzed the drainage conditions, discussed the generalized physical model and dynamic coordination model structure. The dynamic and balanced model for the reasonable allocation of flood drainage right was established with the flood disater losses minimum as the objecetive funciton and flood risk as the important constraint, which will provide the scientific basis to study the reasonable allocation of flood drainage right and serve the project layout, integrated management and flood control.
A Preliminary Study of Rainfall Infiltration on the Slope Using a New Coupled Procedure of Overland Runoff and Unsaturated Water-Gas Two Phases Seepage Model
Authors: Liu Jun Xin , Liu Yutian
Published: September 2013

Based on FLAC2d with its built-in fish language, the coupled procedure of the overland runoff and the unsaturated water-gas two phases seepage model has been compiled. On the assumption that the slope surface is impervious, with the analytic solution of the overland runoff, the numerical solution has been investigated and with the example analysis, it is shown that in order to accurately assess the rainfall influence on the slope stability, the coupled boundary and the water-gas two phases flow should be taken into consideration in numerical simulation
Obtaining Recharge Coefficient Using Flow Data of Karst Spring
Authors: Jiang Feng , Wan Jun Wei , Huang Kun
Published: September 2013

The recharge coefficient of karst spring system in Baziling tunnel region of Yiwan railway was studied in this paper, using groundwater regime and daily precipitation data. Tracer test were conducted to confirm the boundary of the S1 karst spring. Attenuation curve of spring was used to calculate the water changes in karst aquifer. The results show that recharge coefficient of one karst spring system is not a constant value, but a variety that influenced by the precipitation intensity and distribution. Thus when water balance model was used, the annual recharge coefficient can only be applied to access normal flow into the tunnel. But if used to access the Maximum flow into the tunnel, the flow will be much less than measured flow into the tunnel, which is a great threat to the tunnel engineering.
Development of a Stepped Calibration Approach for XAJ Hydrological Model
Authors: Li Qian , Bao Wei Min , Qian Jing Lin
Published: September 2013

This paper discusses the conceptual stepped calibration approach (SCA) which has been developed for the Xinanjiang (XAJ) model. Multi-layer and multi-objective functions which can make optimization work simpler and more effective are introduced in this procedure. In all eight parameters were considered, they were divided into four layers according to the structure of XAJ model, and then calibrated layer by layer. The SCA procedure tends to improve the performance of the traditional method of calibration (thus, using a single objective function, such as root mean square error RMSE). The compared results demonstrate that the SCA yield better model performance than RMSE.
Flow and Sediment Conditions for the Yellow River Estuary Balance
Authors: Yu Shou Bing , Wang Kai Rong , Wang Wan Zhan
Published: September 2013

Multi-object application and water and sediment regulation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir since 2001 have changed the flow and sediment conditions entering the Lower Reaches of Yellow River and the Estuary. Field flow and sediment data at Lijin Hydrological Station and river cross section elevation data downstream from Lijin Section during 2001~2010 have shown that the Estuary have been in a state of little scouring. The 2D mathematical model has been used to study the flow and sediment conditions for the Yellow River Estuary balance. The conclusions have arrived at that total annual water volume is 196 × 108 m3, total annual sediment volume is 1.40~1.70×108 t, coarse sediment concentration is 3kg/m3.
Optimum Combination Scheme of Water-Fertilizer under Condition of Level-Border and Plastic Film Hole Irrigation for Corn
Authors: Shen Hui , Tian Jun Cang
Published: September 2013

t was carried out to optimize combination scheme experiment of three factors among level-border specifications, irrigation quota and fertilizer methods under the condition of level-border and plastic film irrigation for corn in the sand of soil by cross experiment methods. The result indicates that the main factor affecting corn production is irrigation quota, fertilization methods; a secondary factor is level-border specifications. According to variance analysis of corn physiological characteristics and yield, the optimum combination scheme of the three factors is at level-border specifications 0.133 hm2, irrigation quota 1050 m3/hm2 and fertilization methods that is one-off hole postponed fertilizer through analysis of physiological properties and yield for corn.
Influence of the Sea-Land Interface Moisture Flux on Reference Evapotranspiration in Liaohe Delta, Northeast China
Authors: Wang Bing Liang , Li Guo Sheng
Published: September 2013

This study investigates the association between the sea-land interface moisture flux and reference evapotranspiration during 1971-2010 in Liaohe Delta, Northeast China, which moisture flux is derived from NCAR/NCEP reanalysis I data and reference evapotranspiration is calculated by Penman-Monteith equation. The result shows that the sea-land interface moisture flux presents a seasonal variation with the highest value in summer and the lowest value in winter. The sea-land interface moisture flux and reference evapotranspiration show significantly positive correlation in spring and autumn and significantly negative correlation in summer. Consistent with the past field experiments, the sea-land moisture flux suppresses reference evapotranspiration in summer. The positive correlation reveals that the sea-land moisture flux, especially in surface sublayer, facilitates reference evapotranspiration in spring and autumn. Regressions analysis demonstrate that reference evapotranspiration increases when moisture flux of surface-to-850-hPa sublayer increases until reaches the threshold (67-75 kg/ms), and the opposite trend appears when moisture flux exceeds the threshold.
Research on Characteristics of New Water in Yichang-Wuhan Reach after Impoundment of the Three Gorges
Authors: Yang Yan Hua , Liu Xiao Qiang , Zhang Hong Qian
Published: September 2013

Reservoir regulation make conditions of flow under the dam change greatly after impoundment of the Three Gorges Project. This paper analyzes change trend and abrupt change situation of incoming water and studies characteristics of new flow of Yichang and Hankou Stations after impoundment of the Three Gorges with Mann-Kendall nonparametric rank test method. The result indicates that operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir has leveled runoff process and shortened dry season and extended median water period; After operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir, monthly river runoff of several months in both of Yichang and Hankou Stations changed abruptly. However, so far as time of abrupt change is concerned, sudden change of annual river runoff or monthly river runoff has little to do with operation of the Three Gorges Project.
Applicability Analysis on the Improved One-Dimension Steady-State River Water Quality Model
Authors: Zhu Lei , Song Jin Xi , Liang Li Hua , Li He , Wei An Lei , Zhang Bo
Published: September 2013

Guanzhong Segment of Wei River was studied in this article. Based on water quality observational data (ammonia-nitrogen) and hydrology observational data (flow of the sections) of Guanzhong Segment of Wei River in the rainy, normal and wet season in 2006, improved one-dimensional steady-state river water quality model was calibrated. River water quality was predicted in the normal season which were compared with the observational data in 2005. The results show that the water quality computed by improved one-dimensional steady-state river water quality model is grossly consistent with the observational water quality data and the model may provide the technical supports for the response relationships of water quality and water quantity of Guanzhong Segment of Wei River.
Study of Structure Formation on Riverbed and its Relationship with Geomorphology
Authors: Liu Huai Xiang , Lu Yong Jun
Published: September 2013

Riverbed structures were developed in many very coarse gravel-bed rivers as a result of fluvial morphology. And the distribution of them was obviously relevant with environment conditions. This paper carried out field investigations in natural rivers, to study the riverbed structures size, distribution in the basin, as well as their connections with local environmental conditions. The results indicated that: The structures can enhance resistance to water erosion and protect riverbed. Given the conditions of little bedload, the structure intensity is in direct ratio to the unit-width stream power which consumed by the structures when rivers are in dynamic equilibrium. If the structures are not able to dissipate the whole power, the river status turns to disequilibrium and the riverbed will be eroded by excess energy. The fluvial morphology of coarse-grained riverbed is controlled by this process.
Experimental Study on River Channel's Formation and Change Process of on the Surface of Delta Deposition
Authors: Liu Fei , Zhang Xiao Feng
Published: September 2013

Experimental study on river channels formation and change process with two different constant flows 2.45L/s and 4.9L/s that which come from mountains and into delta depositions surface, based on sediment supply 15.72kg/h at the water inlet. After 964h experiment, research on the study shows as follows: with 2.45L/s flow, on the surface of delta depositions forming process the channel appears as straight, braided, micro-bend and meandering form. The first formation processes of delta deposition are straight and braided river which appeared alternately every 50h on the surface. When time goes on the delta get longer and braided streams branch of the shunt decrease gradually, that made the channel appeared with slightly curved form. Combined with that flexural radius gets bigger because of the outer bank erosion of slightly curved channel backed off, finally the meandering channels presented. With 4.9L/s flow, the formation processes gave priority of braided river, which appeared every 15h cycle, following the aggravate of eroding in floodplain and scouring in main channel, the river pool board-shallow comes with the main-flow swing, the channel existed as slightly curved form, and appears two sides of deposition. Finally analysis and research the channel cross-section morphological and longitudinal slope. In conclusion, the delta depositions surface channel existed as micro-bend of no branch with single strands, under the constantly water and sediment conditions.
Three Dimensional Bursting Phenomena in Open Channel Bends
Authors: Wu Yan , Bai Yu Chuan
Published: September 2013

The turbulent coherent structure of flow in open channel bends is a stochastic process in nature. The coherence structure of the flow or bursting process is very important for the entrainment of sediment particles from the bed. In this study, first-order Markov process combined with three-dimensional quadrant analysis is applied to the measured turbulent data in open channel bends. The turbulent data was measured in an experimental flume using three-dimensional acoustic Doppler velocity meter (ADV). It was found that the stable movements of velocity fluctuations have higher transition probabilities than other movements, and the cross movements have the least transition probability. In addition, the internal group of events occurs more frequently than external group, particularly the internal ejection and internal sweep events and the probabilities decrease from the concave bank to the convex bank periodically, and reach the maximum at the top of the curved concave bank.
Irrigation Coefficient Analysis and its Research Progress
Authors: Zuo Feng Lin , Zhang Wei Hua , Bai Xiao Lan , Nong Jin Hua , Zhao Hai Qiang , Zhong Mei Quan
Published: September 2013

Based on the definition of the irrigation coefficient, we discussed the main factors which affect the irrigation coefficient as well as the measures to improve the irrigation coefficient in agriculture. According to the variation and the different features of the irrigation coefficient in different regions and conditions, this article not only explores the basic way to improve the irrigation coefficient, but also gives measures including water apportion measures, management and engineering measures. The potential ability of improving the irrigation coefficient is analyzed preliminarily in the real situation of Chinese irrigation methods and techniques.
An Analysis of the Calculation of the Temperature Field of the Reinforced Concrete Beam under the High Temperature of Fire
Authors: Ou Man Li , Cao Wei Jun , Liu Fang Cheng
Published: September 2013

Under the high temperature of fire, the temperature change of the reinforced concrete beam is very important to the structure study. This paper, with heat transfer theory as its theoretical basis, explores the analytical method, the common method for analysis, calculation method of numerical value and finite element analysis by analyzing the temperature field of the concrete component cross sections under high temperature. With the help of MATLAB, it calculates and analyzes the temperature field of the reinforced concrete beam under the high temperature of fire, determines the temperature rise curve of the reinforced concrete beam in case of fire, and calculates the cross section temperature fields of the beam or pillar under the circumstances of different cross section sizes and different timings of fire on three sides.
The Fire Resistance Performance of Double-Layer Square Pyramid Silo-Shell Structure under Fire
Authors: Gong Ling Feng , Bai Yin , Zhai Jian Lei
Published: September 2013

With fire temperature rising, elastic modulus of steel would be reduce, which then would lead to global instability phenomenon of double-layer square pyramid silo-shell structure. In order to analyze its fire resistance performance under high fire temperature, different geometric parameters were set based on the effect factors when it operated normally at room temperature. To analyze its displacement change by conducting nonlinear finite element analysis which was under the two typical temperature rising cases including global non-uniform temperature and localized high temperature. Then, with the temperature rising, the fire resistance performance and the maxium displacement changing rule were obtained.
The Sediment Disaster Risk Evaluation on the Occurrence of Debris Flow at Taimali Watershed in Taitung County, Taiwan
Authors: Chen Kun Ting , Tsai Kuang Jung , Shieh Chjeng Lun , Chen Chin Min
Published: September 2013

Taitung County with the total area of 3,515.24 km2 lies in the eastern Taiwan. The topography of hillslopes at Taitung County is quite steep combined with fragile geological structure. After Typhoon Morakot, Taimali watershed located at the southern part of Taitung County was selected as major study area. The mechanism, behavior, and scale of sediment disasters are analyzed to rule out their interaction of the factors regarding to the debris flow occurrence in Taitung area. In this study, 522 disaster prevention engineering sites were investigated from the field and analyzed by using the Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. Finally, GPS/GIS/RS integrated with the digital terrain data was used to establish risk assessment model which can be utilized as an indication of sediment disasters occurred at Taimali watershed attacked by Typhoon Morakot in 2009. The accuracy of this model estimation is more than 80%. All results established by this study can help Taitung Country set up its own disaster prevention system and keep well development of rural and city in the eastern Taiwan.
Study on Designs of Emergency Lodging Field in Emergency Shelter
Authors: Chu Jian Yu , Su You Po , Chen Ling Li
Published: September 2013

According to the Chinese National Standard has been completed the "Provisions for design code of emergency shelter", the paper proposed designs of emergency lodging field according to refuge capacity, lodging site, fire control, evacuation and emergency supplementary facilities. The calculation of refuge capacity uses indexes of effective refuge area and per capita effective refuge area. Emergency lodging fields are divided into teams, groups, units, districts according to refuge number and residential scale, and the hierarchical control indices are issued by taking the most densely refuge tents layout as calculating. It proposes hierarchical requirements of fire compartment, fire protection distance, evacuation distance and supplementary facilities for emergency response.
Regression and Fitting Analysis of Flyrock Prediction Formulae for Loosening Blasting
Authors: Shi Jian Jun , An Hua Ming , Wu Chun Ping
Published: September 2013

With so many complex influence factors of blasting flyrock, there is no critical formula for prediction the flying distance of blasting flyrock which was adapted by most of the scholars. Widely existing influential prediction formulas are mainly aimed at ordinary blasting technology, using the statistical law or mechanics analysis to get the prediction. The calculated data for flyrock distance are different distinctly. Predictive values are different largely between various formulas. Moreover, when loose blasting, the values predicted by those formulas will be larger than the actual data. This situation wastes lots of human and financial resources for blasting alert. In view of the present situation, the field experiment of loosening blasting was carried and the impacts of blasting parameters to the flyrock distance in loosening blasting were considered respectively. Some blasting parameters were regressed to get a prediction formula. The correlation analysis indicates that the formula for loosening blasting is good for flying distance.
Engineering Application of New Wall Materials Anti-Cracking and Anti-Leakage Performance Summary of Several Experiments and Analysis
Authors: Fu Jun , Fan Tao Tao , Wang Xiu Shan
Published: September 2013

New wall materials are widely used in the construction industry, which have green environmental protection. But the cracking and leakage wall causes the building function decline, heat preservation and insulation failure, which hinder its comprehensive promotion. Some regularities and conclusions had been got through several researches on the engineering application of new walls anti-cracking and anti-leakage performance. Researches are based on many aspects, such as design calculations, structural measures and detecting techniques. The summary in this paper includes: material crack propagation mechanism, experimental investigation of shrinkage of concrete brick walls at different ages, new walls in-field test of surface permeability, image processing of wall crack etc.
Derivation and Revision of the Theoretical Formula of Friction Stress between Pile and Soil on Space Axisymmetric Condition Considering Relative Slip
Authors: Wang Rui
Published: September 2013

In this paper,vertical displacement of pile and pile-surrounding soil was assumed as incompatible.Derivation and revision of the formula of relative slip-caused friction force between pile and soil were made.According to the formula in this paper, side friction of pile reduces as as depth increases,until side friction almost reaches zero at pile bottom,which are concordant with site observations.This calculating method reliably reflects the variation law of side friction of pile.
The Hazard Assessment of Karst Surface Collapse Risk Zoning Based on BP Neural Network in Wuhan City
Authors: Li Zhi Gang , Xiao Shang De , Pan Yi Heng , Lu Shi Wei
Published: September 2013

One of the main geological disasters in Wuhan City is karst surface collapse. Analytically the main elements affecting karst collapse contain Karst development, covering layer condition and hydrogeological condition. This paper aims to set up the risk zoning evaluation model about this disaster upon BP neural network theory. And then evaluate the risk zoning of karst collapse. The assessment result shows karst surface collapse of high risk in Wuhan City mainly distributes in Ruanjia Lane, Lujia Street, Justice School, Fenghuo Village,Zhongnan Steel Mill and Maotan Harbor.
The Research of Rockburst Hazards of Linglong Gold Mine Base on the Relationship of Impact Energy and Confining Pressure
Authors: Zhang Zi Jian , Ji Hong Guang , Wu Wei Bin , Zhang Yue Zheng , Jiang Shan Bo
Published: September 2013

As mining progresses to deeper reserves, the accompanying high stress and rockburst hazards increase and cannot be prevented. Therefore, the position of rockburst, hazard level, as well as how much energy released need to have quantitative analysis, which can provide a safe and effective guideline for mining operation. In this paper, take the Linglong Gold Mine as background, the relationship of surrounding rockmass and rock impact energy index could be derived from simulating the ground stress environment in lab. Based on above equation, FLAC 3D is used for simulating the mining operation of Linglong Gold Mine in regard of the size of rock impact energy in current excavation stress condition, which breakdown the limitation of previous method of getting the indicator of rock burst tendency evaluation from uniaxial compressive full stress-strain curve, and provide the reference for safe mining operation.
Prediction Modeling of Maximum Dry Density of Coarse Grained Soil Using Improved Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Deng Xiang Bo , Lin Yue Xiang , Bu Ling Dong , Zhang Li Zhou , Liu Zhe
Published: September 2013

To characterize the coarse-grained soil of the fillers in Zhijiang North station of Shanghai-Kunming Passenger Dedicated Line, the vibration compaction test was conducted to study maximum dry densities under different granular compositions. Considering the non-linear relations between granular compositions and maximum dry densities, a BP neural network prediction model of which the input layer was consisted of granular compositions, grading index and fractal index was established based on the backwards error propagation algorithm and the results of the maximum dry density tests. As was improved by the adaptive learning rate method and additional momentum method, the final model established in this paper performed well in predicting the maximum dry density of the coarse-grained soil of various granular compositions.
Research Progress in Oil Spill Damage Assessment
Authors: Niu Cheng Fei , Zhu Ming He , Zhou Dong
Published: September 2013

Marine oil spill does cause huge economic losses and brings serious damages to the marine ecological environment. Therefore, how to claim compensation for oil spill damages has become very crucial for the environmental restoration. In recent years, many researchers have designed various kinds of assessment models for evaluating oil spill damages. This paper analyzes these assessment models, discusses the legal claim and technology claim, finally the suggestions for further research of oil spill damage assessment is proposed, and then the application of fuzzy neural network in technology assessment is also recommended.
Study on the Catastrophic Consequence and Countermeasure of Urban Civil Engineering
Authors: Lv Qing Xie , Li Tie Ying
Published: September 2013

City is the centre of politics, economy and culture. With the development of modernization., the population and wealth largely gathers to the city. And the civil engineering is the focus of city modernization. When unexpected events occur, it will cause huge casualties and economic losses, affecting the sustainable and healthy development of a city. This paper introduces the development and countermeasures of disaster prevention and reduction domestic and overseas. And through the introduction of the emergency rescue system of the city pubic security, the intelligence city, the digital city, present the advises to improve disaster prevention and reduction.
Disaster Prediction and Preventive Measures of Constructing a Waste Dump on an Abandoned Tailing Pond
Authors: Chang Lai Shan , Yang Ting Yu , Deng Hui Jing
Published: September 2013

According to analyzing geological condition and failure pattern of constructing a 100m high waste dump on QIANYU abandoned tailing pond , It has predicted what disasters would be to villages and industrial buildings around after the waste dump is constructed. It has also determined corresponding preventive measures.
Deformation Analysis and Prediction Based on Fuzzy Time Series
Authors: Chen Wei
Published: September 2013

Deformation analysis and prediction is a multidisciplinary important research topic. Considering that fuzzy theory has been widely used in prediction methods and models fields at present,the paper introduces fuzzy time series to deformation analysis and prediction. In this paper,the modeling steps of fuzzy time series are briefly introduced and experimental results show that fuzzy time series can be effectively applied to deformation analysis and prediction and improve the accuracy of prediction.
Research Progress in High Velocity Penetration into Concrete Theory
Authors: Shi Cun Cheng , Fan Xin , Zou Sheng Guo , Li Meng Shen
Published: September 2013

With the development of the earth penetration weapon, the research interest has gradually changed from low velocity impact to high velocity or hypervelocity penetration. This paper reviews the the theoretic research status on velocity region ascertaining of penetration, the target material properties near penetration cavity and mass abrasion of projectiles in high velocity penetration, and makes suggestions on the future research.
Characterization and Application of Shear Thickening Fluids
Authors: Wang Zi Guo , Yu Zhi Wu , Sun Yu Yan , Li Qing Yuan
Published: September 2013

The shear thickening phenomenon was explained in this paper. The characteristics of shear thickening fluids (STFs), including reversibility and liquid to solid transition at critical shear rate were presented. Also, the applications of STFs for protective clothing and equipment were discussed. Since little references can be found which concern the effect of interparticle forces like Van der Waals forces on the performance of cementitious materials subjected to impact loading, understanding the mechanism of STF and knowing how its structure affects the properties, behaviors, and resulting applications is expected to inspire potential designs for building cementitious materials.
Experimental Research on Ductility and Bearing Capacity of Prestressed High Strength Concrete Pipe Piles
Authors: Rong Xian , Zhang Jian Xin , Li Yan Yan , Chen Yan Feng
Published: September 2013

Based on the low cyclic loading experiments on prestressed high strength concrete pipe piles, in which one of them was reinforced by steel fiber, another stirrup ratio, the other was not reinforced, the authors compare the results in terms of damage characteristic, hysteretic curve, bearing capacity, displacement and ductility. It is shown that the bearing capacity and ductility of prestressed high strength concrete pipe piles reinforced by steel fiber increases. With the increase of stirrup ratio, the hysteretic behavior and the deformation behavior of prestressed high strength concrete pipe piles improves.
Analytical Study on Bond Characterization of Hybrid-Bonded FRP to Concrete Interfaces
Authors: Liu Kang
Published: September 2013

Pure adhesive bond of FRP to concrete is not only weak but also unreliable in a long term. This problem can be effectively overcome by a newly developed bond enhancement system the hybrid bonded FRP system (HB-FRP) in which small mechanical fasteners are used to augment the bond. In this paper, theoretical modeling is reported for characterization of the interfacial bond of the HB-FRP system. Local bond-slip model involving adhesive and mechanical mechanisms is proposed. Based on the basic bond-slip model, load-slip response, ultimate bond strength, and effective bond length of the HB-FRP bond interface are obtained by analytical or numerical solution. Good agreement between the analytical and experimental results indicates that the proposed bond-slip model can well predict bond behaviors of HB-FRP joints.
Influence of Casting Temperature and Solar Radiation on the Thermal Field in Roller Compacted Concrete during Construction
Authors: Jiang Sheng , Zhan Shu Lin , Xiao Nan
Published: September 2013

Since RCC dams huge volume and poor heat dissipation, thermal analysis plays an important role in the design and construction of RCC dams. This paper focuses on the application and verification of a two-dimensional finite element code developed for the thermal analysis of RCC dams. The effects of solar radiation and casting temperature were also evaluated in the analysis. The result has shown that, solar radiation has an evident influence on temperature history of both central and surface nodes in late ages, but contributes less to the temperature difference of them on the contrary. On the other hand, casting temperatures effect on temperature difference is obvious.