bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hepatocyte growth factor-modified hair follicle stem cells ameliorate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats
Authors: Tang Hao , Zhang Xuemei , Hao Xiaojun , Dou Haitong , Zou Chendan , Zhou Yinglian , Li Bing , Yue Hui , Wang Duo , Wang Yifei , Yang Chunxiao , Fu Jin
Published: February 2023

Background

Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) are considered as a promising cell type in the stem cell transplantation treatment of neurological diseases because of their rich sources, easy access, and the same ectoderm source as the nervous system. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that shows neuroprotective function in ischemic stroke. Here we assessed the therapeutic effects of HFSCs on ischemic stroke injury and the synthetic effect of HGF along with HFSCs.

Methods

Rat HFSCs were intravenously transplanted into a middle cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) rat model. Neurological scoring and TTC staining were performed to assess the benefits of HFSC transplantation. Inflammatory cytokines, blood–brain barrier integrity and angiogenesis within penumbra were estimated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The differentiation of HFSCs was detected by immunofluorescence method 2 weeks after transplantation.

Results

HFSC transplantation could significantly inhibit the activation of microglia, improve the integrity of blood–brain barrier and reduce brain edema. Moreover, the number of surviving neurons and microvessels density in the penumbra were upregulated by HFSC transplantation, leading to better neurological score. The combination of HFSCs and HGF could significantly improve the therapeutic benefit.

Conclusion

Our results indicate for the first time that HGF modified HFSCs can reduce I/R injury and promote the neurological recovery by inhibiting inflammatory response, protecting blood–brain barrier and promoting angiogenesis.
Improved bounds of Mitrinović–Adamović-type inequalities by using two-parameter functions
Authors: Qian Guiping , Chen Xiao-Diao
Published: February 2023

This paper provides improved bounds of inequalities of Mitrinović–Adamović type by using two-parameter functions. It achieves a much better approximation effect than those bounds of prevailing methods. A new method based on the Páde interpolation is used to prove the new bounds, which can also be applied for proving the results of prevailing methods and their much more generalized results.
A microservice regression testing selection approach based on belief propagation
Authors: Chen Li-zhe , Wu Ji , Yang Hai-yan , Zhang Kui
Published: February 2023

Regression testing is required to assure the quality of each iteration of microservice systems. Test case selection is one of main techniques to optimize regression testing. Existing techniques mainly involve artifacts acquisition, processing and maintenance, thus hard to apply in microservice regression testing since it is difficult to obtain and process required artifacts from multiple development teams, which is normal in cases of microservice systems. This paper proposes a novel approach, namely MRTS-BP, which takes API gateway logs instead of artifacts as inputs. By mining service dependencies from API gateway logs, MRTS-BP analyzes service change impacts based on a propagation calculation, and selects test cases affected by changes based on impact degree values. To evaluate the effectiveness of MRTS-BP, empirical studies based on four real deployed systems are presented. Retest-all strategy and a regression testing selection approach based on control flow graphs called RTS-CFG are compared with MRTS-BP. The results show that, MRTS-BP can significantly reduce both the number of test cases and overall time cost while maintaining the fault detection capability of selected test suite, and that MRTS-BP can save more time cost than RTS-CFG with the similar safety and precision.
Exploring student teachers’ perceptions of assessment ethics across university-based teacher education programs in Iran
Authors: Darabi Bazvand Ali
Published: February 2023

It is acknowledged that assessment ethics is an integral part of teacher education. Unlike sizable published research on students' perceptions of assessment in higher education, very little is reported on student teachers' perceptions of assessment ethics across university-based teacher education programs. This study aimed to explore Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) student teachers’ perceptions of assessment ethics in the classroom. Qualitative (phone interview) data from 15 TEFL teacher candidates were collected and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Based on the informants' responses, three overarching issues in assessment ethics emerged and are namely related to (a) assessment development (i.e., content underrepresentation, one-dimensional assessment, surprise items), (b) assessment administration(i.e., time, noise, and inconsistency in educators' behaviors), and (c) assessment scoring and communication (i.e., lack of transparency in feedback provision' 'misalignment of grading practice,' and 'breaching confidentiality in grade communication'). Furthermore, it was revealed that assessment is, for a great part, teacher-initiated and summative-oriented. In light of these findings, this study can inform professional development programs on assessment in teacher education.
An approach to application-layer DoS detection
Authors: Kemp Cliff , Calvert Chad , Khoshgoftaar Taghi M. , Leevy Joffrey L.
Published: February 2023

With the massive resources and strategies accessible to attackers, countering Denial of Service (DoS) attacks is getting increasingly difficult. One of these techniques is application-layer DoS. Due to these challenges, network security has become increasingly more challenging to ensure. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Domain Name Service (DNS), Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), and other application protocols have had increased attacks over the past several years. It is common for application-layer attacks to concentrate on these protocols because attackers can exploit some weaknesses. Flood and “low and slow” attacks are examples of application-layer attacks. They target weaknesses in HTTP, the most extensively used application-layer protocol on the Internet. Our experiment proposes a generalized detection approach to identify features for application-layer DoS attacks that is not specific to a single slow DoS attack. We combine four application-layer DoS attack datasets: Slow Read, HTTP POST, Slowloris, and Apache Range Header. We perform a feature-scaling technique that applies a normalization filter to the combined dataset. We perform a feature extraction technique, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), on the combined dataset to reduce dimensionality. We examine ways to enhance machine learning techniques for detecting slow application-layer DoS attacks that employ these methodologies. The machine learners effectively identify multiple slow DoS attacks, according to our findings. The experiment shows that classifiers are good predictors when combined with our selected Netflow characteristics and feature selection techniques.
Preoperative subcategorization based on magnetic resonance imaging in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Xiao Yuyao , Zhou Changwu , Ni Xiaoyan , Huang Peng , Wu Fei , Yang Chun , Zeng Mengsu
Published: February 2023

Background

Appropriate preoperative identification of iCCA subtype is essential for personalized management, so the aim of this study is to investigate the role of MR imaging features in preoperatively differentiating the iCCA subtype.

Methods

Ninety-three patients with mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA, 63 small duct type and 30 large duct type) were retrospectively enrolled according to the latest 5th WHO classification (mean age, males vs. females: 60.66 ± 10.53 vs. 61.88 ± 12.82, 50 men). Significant imaging features for differentiating large duct iCCA and small duct iCCA were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and a regression-based predictive model was then generated. Furthermore, diagnostic performance parameters of single significant imaging features and the predictive model were obtained, and corresponding receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were subsequently presented.

Results

The univariate analysis showed that tumor in vein, arterial phase hypoenhancement, intrahepatic duct dilatation, lack of targetoid restriction and lack of targetoid appearance in T2 were predictors of large duct type iCCA. Arterial phase hypoenhancement, intrahepatic duct dilatation and lack of targetoid restriction were independent predictors for large duct type iCCA in multivariate analysis. The regression-based predictive model has achieved the best preoperative prediction performance in iCCA subcategorization so far. The area under the ROC curve of the regression-based predictive model was up to 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85, 0.98), and it was significantly higher than every single significant imaging feature.

Conclusions

Arterial phase hypoenhancement, intrahepatic duct dilatation and lack of targetoid restriction could be considered reliable MR imaging indicators of large duct type iCCA. MR imaging features can facilitate noninvasive prediction of iCCA subtype with satisfactory predictive performance.
Development and evaluation of a facile mesh-to-surface tool for customised wheelchair cushions
Authors: Nace Susan , Tiernan John , Ní Annaidh Aisling , Holland Donal
Published: February 2023

Background

Custom orthoses are becoming more commonly prescribed for upper and lower limbs. They require some form of shape-capture of the body parts they will be in contact with, which generates an STL file that designers prepare for manufacturing. For larger devices such as custom-contoured wheelchair cushions, the STL created during shape-capture can contain hundreds of thousands of tessellations, making them difficult to alter and prepare for manufacturing using mesh-editing software. This study covers the development and testing of a mesh-to-surface workflow in a parametric computer-aided design software using its visual programming language such that STL files of custom wheelchair cushions can be efficiently converted into a parametric single surface.

Methods

A volunteer in the clinical space with expertise in computer-aided design aided was interviewed to understand and document the current workflow for creating a single surface from an STL file of a custom wheelchair cushion. To understand the user needs of typical clinical workers with little computer-aided design experience, potential end-users of the process were tasked with completing the workflow and providing feedback during the experience. This feedback was used to automate part of the computer-aided design process using a visual programming tool, creating a new semi-automated workflow for mesh-to-surface translation. Both the original and semi-automated process were then evaluated by nine volunteers with varying levels of computer-aided design experience.

Results

The semi-automated process showed a 37% reduction in the total number of steps required to convert an STL model to a parametric surface. Regardless of previous computer-aided design experience, volunteers completed the semi-automated workflow 31% faster on average than the manual workflow.

Conclusions

The creation of a semi-automated process for creating a single parametric surface of a custom wheelchair cushion from an STL mesh makes mesh-to-surface conversion more efficient and more user-friendly to all, regardless of computer-aided design experience levels. The steps followed in this study may guide others in the development of their own mesh-to-surface tools in the wheelchair sector, as well as those creating other large custom prosthetic devices.
IFN-γ-STAT1-mediated CD8+ T-cell-neural stem cell cross talk controls astrogliogenesis after spinal cord injury
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Xu Lintao , Peng Deqing , Zhu Yongjian , Gu Zhaowen , Yao Ying , Li Heyangzi , Cao Xi , Fu Chun-yan , Zheng Mingzhi , Song Xinghui , Ding Yueming , Shen Yueliang , Zhong Jinjie , Chen Ying-ying , Hu Jue , Wang Lin-lin
Published: February 2023

Background

Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes nearly all patients to suffer from protracted disabilities. An emerging therapeutic strategy involving the recruitment of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) has been developed. However, endogenous NSCs in the adult spinal cord differentiate into mostly astrocytes after traumatic injury, forming glial scars, which is a major cause of regeneration failure in SCI. Thus, understanding which factors drive the activation and differentiation of endogenous NSCs after SCI is critical for developing therapeutic drugs.

Methods

The infiltration, state, and location of CD8+ T cells in spinal cord after traumatic injury were analyzed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. The Basso Mouse Scale (BMS) scores and rotarod testing were used for motor behavioral analysis. NSCs were co-cultured with CD8+ T cells. EdU assay was used to detect proliferative cells. Western blotting was used to analyze the expression levels of STAT1, p-STAT1, and p27. ChIP-seq and ChIP-qRT-PCR analyses were used to detect the downstream of STAT1. Nestin-CreERT2::Ai9 transgenic mice were used to genetic lineage tracing of Nestin+ NSCs after SCI in vivo.

Results

A prolonged increase of activated CD8+ T cells occurs in the injured spinal cords. The behavioral analysis demonstrated that the administration of an anti-CD8 antibody promotes the recovery of locomotor function. Then, we discovered that CD8+ T cells suppressed the proliferation of NSCs and promoted the differentiation of NSCs into astrocytes by the IFN-γ-STAT1 pathway in vitro. ChIP-seq and ChIP-qRT-PCR analysis revealed that STAT1 could directly bind to the promoters of astrocyte marker genes GFAP and Aldh1l1. Genetic lineage tracing of Nestin+ NSCs demonstrated that most NSCs differentiated into astrocytes following SCI. Depleting CD8+ T cells reduced the differentiation of NSCs into astrocytes and instead promoted the differentiation of NSCs into oligodendrocytes.

Conclusion

In conclusion, CD8+ T cells suppressed the proliferation of NSCs and promoted the differentiation of NSCs into astrocytes by the IFN-γ-STAT1-GFAP/Aldhl1l axis. Our study identifies INF-γ as a critical mediator of CD8+ T-cell-NSC cross talk and a potential node for therapeutic intervention in SCI.
The Triple-S framework: ensuring scalable, sustainable, and serviceable practices in educational technology
Authors: Moro Christian , Mills Kathy A. , Phelps Charlotte , Birt James
Published: February 2023

Educational institutions are increasingly investing into digital delivery, acquiring new devices, and employing novel software and services. The rising costs associated with maintenance, in combination with increasing redundancy of older technologies, presents multiple challenges. While lesson content itself may not have changed, the educational landscape constantly evolves, where tertiary institutions are incorporating new modes of content delivery, hybrid-style learning, and interactive technologies. Investments into digital expansions must be taken with caution, particularly prior to the procurement of technology, with a need for the proposed interventions’ scalability, sustainability, and serviceability to be considered. This article presents the Triple-S framework for educators, administrators, and educational institutions, and outlines examples of its application within curricula. The paper synthesises research evidence to provide the foundation underlying the key principles of the Triple-S framework, presenting a useful model to use when evaluating digital interventions. Utilising the framework for decisions regarding the acquisition of educational technology, devices, software, applications, and online resources can assist in the assurance of viable and  appropriate investments.

Graphical Abstract
Efficient removal of safranin from aqueous solution using a new type of metalated highly self-doped polyaniline nanocomposite
Authors: Hassan Hammed H. A. M. , Fattah Marwa Abdel
Published: February 2023

We report the chemical synthesis of poly(aniline-co-aniline-2,5-disulfonic acid)) and its composite containing L-hexuronic acid and metallic Ag/SiO2 nanoparticles as a new thermally stable anionic polyelectrolyte for removing safranin dye. The composite was characterized by IR, UV, cyclic voltammetry, SEM, TEM, TGA, DSC, EDXS and elemental analyses. Microscopic images exhibited intensified spherical particles dispersed over almost the entire surface. The XRD exhibited peaks of the partially crystalline material at many 2θ values, and their interatomic spacing and sizes were calculated. The cyclic voltammograms exhibited characteristic redox peaks relative to the quinoid ring transition states. The uptake rates up to 82.5% adsorption were completed within 75 min and the equilibrium time was 45 min. The isotherm of dye adsorption interprets the interaction with the adsorbent and explain the relationship between the dye removal capacity and the initial dye concentration. In the current, the Langmuir isotherm model was the optimum to interpret both the dye/copolymer and the dye/composite interactions. The uptake of safranin by copolymer/SiO2@Ag nanocomposite was well defined by pseudo second order model with rate constant K2 = 0.03 g− 1 mg− 1 min− 1 for 19 mg safranin. A comparison of safranin adsorption efficiency of the synthesized material with other reported material in the same domain suggested that the present composite has a higher adsorption rate and capacity. The ongoing research is devoted to improving the removal percentage of the dye by using 1,3,5-triazine based sulfonated polyaniline/Ag@ SiO2 nanocomposite.
Evaluating fireline effectiveness across large wildfire events in north-central Washington State
Authors: Lemons Rebecca E. , Prichard Susan J. , Kerns Becky K.
Published: February 2023

Background

Wildfires are increasing in incidence, size, and severity in the USA along with associated firefighting costs. Evaluation of firefighting containment and mop-up activities are crucial to reduce costs and to inform safe and effective wildfire response. As geospatial technologies advance, fireline effectiveness metrics have continued to be updated and improved. However, to develop standard analysis protocols and performance evaluations, there is a need to understand how widely metrics vary within and across fire events and are dependent on the different sources and accuracy of geospatial datasets, including firelines, fire perimeters, and severity layers. To ascertain the usefulness and limitations of four fireline effectiveness metrics, we evaluated several metrics including ratios of fireline engaged, held, and burned over. We performed a sensitivity analysis across 13 recent wildfires in north-central Washington State.

Results

Our study found that fire perimeter source and fireline buffer width had the largest impact on quantified fireline effectiveness metrics. Misclassification of firelines produced dramatic erroneous results which artificially increased the effectiveness and decreased suppression effort. High-severity fires were shown to be less effective across all fireline types and required higher suppression than most low- and moderate-severity fires.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that the fireline effectiveness methodology we tested was robust but could benefit from further refinement with the additional step of visual inspection for fireline misclassifications and database errors. Users should also consider evaluating a range of buffer widths prior to calculating fireline metrics to allow for some minor discrepancies between firelines and fire perimeters. Importantly, our results showed that for high-severity burns firelines were less efficient, and the placement of firelines should be carefully considered to more efficiently allocate firefighting resources and new dozer lines within high-severity landscapes, such as dense mixed conifer forests.
Analysis of the resolution of interferometric synthetic aperture radar data inversion and application of the inversion residual to identify shallow hazards
Authors: Zhang Zhishuai , Nihei Kurt , Shabelansky Andrey , Bevc Dimitri , Stefani Joe , Milliken William , Mali Gwyn
Published: February 2023

We have conducted a study to investigate the sensitivity of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) measurement to subsurface strain change and developed an inversion framework to use InSAR data for subsurface surveillance. Using the spatial domain and spatial-frequency-domain analysis, we have determined that the earth behaves as a low-pass filter in its transmission of deformation from the subsurface to the earth’s surface. As a result of this low-pass filtering effect of the earth, the horizontal resolution of InSAR images is roughly equal to the depth of the targeted activity. Therefore, the goal of InSAR data inversion is to recover high-spatial-frequency subsurface strains from InSAR measurements. Because changes in the reservoir tend to have a lower spatial-frequency InSAR signature, high-spatial-frequency surface displacement can be associated with shallow overburden activities. Based on these insights, we have developed an inversion workflow that takes into account the overburden and reservoir strain changes and applied it to an InSAR data set from the San Joaquin Valley. Our results indicate that an inversion model that only considers strain changes in the reservoir produces large spatially localized inversion residuals in locations with known shallow overburden activity. A residual analysis reveals that the high-spatial-frequency anomalies in InSAR data can be used to identify shallow activities.
Automatic Classification of Tumor Response From Radiology Reports With Rule-Based Natural Language Processing Integrated Into the Clinical Oncology Workflow
Authors: Laurent Gery , Craynest Franck , Thobois Maxime , Hajjaji Nawale
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE

Imaging reports in oncology provide critical information about the disease evolution that should be timely shared to tailor the clinical decision making and care coordination of patients with advanced cancer. However, tumor response stays unstructured in free-text and underexploited. Natural language processing (NLP) methods can help provide this critical information into the electronic health records (EHR) in real time to assist health care workers.

METHODS

A rule-based algorithm was developed using SAS tools to automatically extract and categorize tumor response within progression or no progression categories. 2,970 magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography scan, and positron emission tomography French reports were extracted from the EHR of a large comprehensive cancer center to build a 2,637-document training set and a 603-document validation set. The model was also tested on 189 imaging reports from 46 different radiology centers. A tumor dashboard was created in the EHR using the Timeline tool of the vis.js javascript library.

RESULTS

An NLP methodology was applied to create an ontology of radiographic terms defining tumor response, mapping text to five main concepts, and application decision rules on the basis of clinical practice RECIST guidelines. The model achieved an overall accuracy of 0.88 (ranging from 0.87 to 0.94), with similar performance on both progression and no progression classification. The overall accuracy was 0.82 on reports from different radiology centers. Data were visualized and organized in a dynamic tumor response timeline. This tool was deployed successfully at our institution both retrospectively and prospectively as part of an automatic pipeline to screen reports and classify tumor response in real time for all metastatic patients.

CONCLUSION

Our approach provides an NLP-based framework to structure and classify tumor response from the EHR and integrate tumor response classification into the clinical oncology workflow.
Addressing the Gap in Research Methodologies Education in Pediatric Oncology in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors: Saab Raya , Santana Victor , Obeid Anas , Devidas Meenakshi , Belgaumi Asim , Bhakta Nickhill , Naidu Paula , Saha Vaskar , Sultan Iyad , Arora Ramandeep Singh , Mukoka Lilly , Jeha Sima
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE

Formal training in clinical research methodologies is limited in limited-resource countries. Through collaboration among high- and middle-resource settings and in response to an identified need verbalized by regional pediatric oncology practitioners, Pediatric Oncology East & Mediterranean Group and St Jude Global developed a workshop focused on capacity building in research skills. Here, we describe its structure, implementation, and early results.

METHODS

Leveraging virtual capabilities, the format included lectures and small group breakout exercise sessions, for 3 hours per day on 2 consecutive days per week for 2 consecutive weeks. Topics included basics of study design, introduction to health care statistics, research ethics, data registries, and scientific writing. Applicants were required to submit an abstract for a potential research project. Each breakout group selected one abstract for further development and presented the final version in a groupwide session. The participants' experience was evaluated through an online survey.

RESULTS

Attendance included 29 registrants from 12 countries and six disciplines. Each breakout group was assigned a themed category: cohort studies, clinical trials, or registries. Critical feedback from the breakout sessions helped strengthen the selected projects, which included a retrospective study, a prospective observational study, a prospective interventional study, and a registry proposal. After the workshop, participants were invited to further develop their original abstracts, and three proposals received additional mentoring, one of which was a multi-institutional prospective study that was subsequently submitted through the Pediatric Oncology East & Mediterranean Group network for implementation. The postworkshop survey revealed an overall highly positive experience, and feedback provided potential themes for future workshops.

CONCLUSION

This workshop demonstrated the potential for collaborative network partnerships in targeting research training gaps in pediatric oncology. Lessons learned will be applied to future workshops to strengthen research in limited-resource settings.
Nivolumab and Relatlimab in Patients With Advanced Melanoma That Had Progressed on Anti–Programmed Death-1/Programmed Death Ligand 1 Therapy: Results From the Phase I/IIa RELATIVITY-020 Trial
Authors: Ascierto Paolo Antonio , Lipson Evan J. , Dummer Reinhard , Larkin James , Long Georgina V. , Sanborn Rachel E. , Chiarion-Sileni Vanna , Dréno Brigitte , Dalle Stéphane , Schadendorf Dirk , Callahan Margaret K. , Nyakas Marta , Atkinson Victoria , Gomez-Roca Carlos Alberto , Yamazaki Naoya , Tawbi Hussein A. , Sarkis Naomey , Warad Deepti , Dolfi Sonia , Mitra Priyam , Suryawanshi Satyendra , Grob Jean-Jacques
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE

Nivolumab and relatlimab activity in advanced melanoma with prior progression on anti–programmed death-1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-(L)1)-containing regimens is under investigation. RELATIVITY-047 demonstrated significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) for nivolumab and relatlimab over nivolumab in previously untreated advanced melanoma.

METHODS

The phase I/IIa, open-label RELATIVITY-020 trial part D assessed efficacy and safety of nivolumab and relatlimab in advanced melanoma with progression during, or within 3 months of, 1 (D1) or ≥ 1 (D2) anti–PD-(L)1-containing regimens. Safety was a primary end point. Objective response rate (coprimary end point) and PFS by blinded independent central review (BICR) were assessed.

RESULTS

Five hundred eighteen patients (D1 = 354; D2 = 164) received nivolumab and relatlimab. Among evaluable patients, the objective response rate by BICR was 12.0% (95% CI, 8.8 to 15.8) in D1 (n = 351) and 9.2% (95% CI, 5.2 to 14.7) in D2 (n = 163). Responses appeared to be enriched among patients with tumors expressing programmed death ligand 1 or lymphocyte activation gene 3; however, responses were observed regardless of programmed death ligand 1 and lymphocyte activation gene 3 expression (1%). The median duration of response was not reached (95% CI, 12.9 to not reached) in D1 and 12.8 months (95% CI, 6.9 to 12.9) in D2. The median PFS by BICR was 2.1 months (95% CI, 1.9 to 3.5) in D1 and 3.2 months (95% CI, 1.9 to 3.6) in D2; the 6-month PFS rate was 29.1% (95% CI, 24.2 to 34.1) and 27.7% (95% CI, 20.5 to 35.4), respectively. The grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse event incidence was 15.0% in D1 and 12.8% in D2. One case of grade 3 myocarditis and no treatment-related deaths occurred across part D.

CONCLUSION

Nivolumab and relatlimab had a manageable safety profile and demonstrated durable clinical activity in a proportion of patients with heavily pretreated advanced melanoma with prior progression on anti–PD-(L)1-containing regimens.

[Media: see text]
Modification of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of cylindrical symmetric black hole by Lorentz breaking theory
Authors: Li Ran , Yu Zi-Han , Yang Shu-Zheng
Published: February 2023

According to Lorentz breaking theory, WKB approximation theory, quantum tunneling radiation theory and the beyond semi-classical theory, the fermions dynamic equation in the space-time of a cylindrical symmetric black hole is modified more accurately. On this basis, the characteristics of the quantum tunneling radiation of such black holes and the new expressions of the modified temperature and Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the black hole are studied. A series of results obtained in this paper are discussed in depth.
Introduction: “The First Duty of Grown, Thinking People”
Authors: Perl Jeffrey M.
Published: February 2023

In this piece, the editor of Common Knowledge introduces a long-term project titled “Antipolitics: Symposium in Memory of György Konrád.” Konrád, who died in 2019, was a founding member of the Common Knowledge editorial board, and the symposium is meant to find present-day applications for the arguments of his book Antipolitics, published in 1982 in Hungarian. Although written under Cold War conditions and to that extent dated, the book is directed against politics and politicians as such: “What Machiavelli's Prince is to would-be rulers, Antipolitics should be for those resistant to being ruled — a treasury of axioms and apothegms,” which this editorial collects, updates, and analyzes. Given that democratic systems and constitutions are “open and subject to further development,” Konrád urges us to devise and run experiments in governance that apply “creative imagination” to problems that, in better times, we might leave to politicians to resolve. “The crisis for democracy today,” Perl argues, “is that bad government (as Konrád, Václav Havel, and Adam Michnik defined it in the 1980s) appears to be what various electorates crave and therefore choose.” Realizing that elections produce, as Aristotle said, oligarchy rather than democracy, we should rethink majority rule and experiment with sortition as a counterpolitical means of self-government.
What Do Jokes Reveal about Trust in Ming Work Relations?
Authors: Schneewind Sarah
Published: February 2023

This article looks at jokes in a collection dating to about 1610 from the perspective of occupational sociology of the Chicago school. Sociological concepts such as technique, object of technique, and guilty knowledge suggest aspects of the lives of ordinary people who are harder to find in the historical record than the educated elite. The jokes illuminate some of the tensions in the careers of metalworkers, vendors, carpenters, actors, transport workers, barbers, couriers, pawnbrokers, and gatekeepers to suggest further avenues for historical research. Trust emerges as a complex issue. The professional relations suggest a more plebian, but not simple, outlook on the fundamental Confucian value of trustworthiness.
Impact of some mineral fertilizers on the pulmonary and direct surface respiration of the allospecies of Planorbarius corneus superspecies (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Planorbidae) from the Ukrainian water bodies
Authors: Babych Yuliia Vasylivna , Kyrychuk Galyna , Romaniuk Ruslana , Stadnychenko Agnessa , Uvayeva Olena
Published: February 2023

The vicariant genetic allospecies of the superspecies complex of the great ramshorn snail Planorbarius corneus s. lato, “western” and “eastern” – in Right Bank and Left Bank Ukraine, respectively, – are among the widespread and numerous gastropods in the Ukrainian river network. They possess two modes of respiration: pulmonary and surface (diffusive). The gas exchange in these snails is connected to the presence of the respiratory pigment hemoglobin in their internal liquid medium (hemolymph), which transports oxygen in their tissues and organs, and carbon dioxide to the lungs. We studied the features of impact of three mineral fertilizers widespread in Ukraine (nitrate, potassium and phosphate) used in concentrations measured in MPC 0.01 mg/L (0.5, 1, 2, 3) on the indexes of pulmonary and surface diffusive respiration in both P. corneus s. lato allospecies. Exposure of experimental individuals to 0.5 MPC-solutions of mentioned fertilizers does not affect them. The increase of toxicant concentration up to 2 MPC, however, is followed by an increase in respiratory activity (p≤0.05–0.001), but beyond that up to 3 MPC induces a significant decline (p≤0.001). Considered individually, the examined mineral fertilizers presented the following order by their impact on great ramshorns: nitrate > potassium > phosphate. The “eastern” allospecies appeared to be more sensitive and less durable for all aforementioned pollutants by both lung and direct diffusive respiration, compared to the “western” allospecies (p≤0.05–0.001).
Development and validation mental training model: Mental Toughness Training Circle (MTTC)
Authors: . Sutoro , Guntoro Tri Setyo , Putra Miftah Fariz Prima
Published: February 2023

Background: A systematic and comprehensive mental training program to enhance athletes’ mental toughness is critical. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a set of athletes’ systematic mental training programs.

Methods: A mental toughness training program was developed, and the validity and reliability were tested on experts, practitioners, and athletes. Training program was analyzed using content validity index (I-CVI and S-CVI) and modified Kappa (k*). Furthermore, estimation of reliability of mental training model was analyzed by internal consistency approach with Cronbach’s alpha and inter-rater reliability (IRR) approach by using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).

Result: A mental toughness training circle (MTTC) was successfully developed with four sections: general preparatory, specific preparatory, precompetitive, and competitive with 11 mental skills (positive thinking, mental log, goal-setting, breathing, relaxation, concentration, self-talk, mental imagery, leadership, managing anxiety, and managing emotions). Validation assessment found that the I-CVI and S-CVI values (S-CVI/Ave and S-CVI/UA) were 1.00, each suggesting excellent content validity. The modified Kappa value (k*) was 1 and categorized as excellent. The results of the reliability test using Cronbach's alpha showed that a value was in the range 0.723 to 0.835 with an overall value of 0.803. The results of the ICC analysis also confirmed that MTTC had a very high reliability coefficient value of 0.803. In addition, there was no significant difference from respondents’ assessment as proved by obtaining value of F=0.754 with a p=0.644 (>0.05). This suggested that respondents tend to be consistent in assessing MTTC as a mental training set which was categorized as relevant (scale 3) or very relevant (scale 4).

Conclusion: MTTC which has four sections with 11 mental skills is a set of mental training programs that have high quality. Further studies to validate this program in a bigger sample size is required.
Study of the hydraulic correlation in the removal of pollutants from synthetic wastewater by means of a filter with Musa Paradisiaca
Authors: Mendoza Benito , Barrazueta Rojas Sandra Gabriela , Pacheco Cunduri Mayra Alejandra , Andrade Albán María José , Aucancela Elvis
Published: February 2023

Background: The objective of this work was to decontaminate synthetic sewage from fouracid blue (BRL) dye, with characteristics similar to those of the textile industry, to determine the correlation between flow rate, permeability and removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr+ 6), Cupper (Cu), chemical oxygen demand COD and color using Paradise Muse filter bed.

Methods: three concentrations of BRL synthetic wastewater were prepared, determining the initial concentrations of Color, pH, COD, Cr +6 and Cu. In addition, the hydraulic characteristics of the fiber were determined in four types of fiber cut. The synthetic wastewater was filtered in a filtration cell with the three fiber cuts, using three speeds, the time used for these tests was 180 minutes. Water samples were collected every 5 minutes and then analyzed in the laboratory. Simple exponential smoothing was performed on the data obtained, and the statistical analysis of variance ANOVA of 2 factors.

Results: The results show that flow velocity and permeability are correlated with color removal, COD and Cr+ 6, determining that the best treatment was to use 1 cm fiber and high flow velocity in which 77.92% and 70.01% for color and COD respectively. In contrast, for Cr+ 6 the best treatment was fiber at 1 cm and low flow velocity removing up to 80% of the concentration of this contaminant and for Cu the best treatment was fiber at 3 cm and low flow velocity removing up to 88.69%.

Conclusions: It was determined that the Musa Pardisiaca fiber is capable of absorbing contaminants, but the effectiveness of the treatment depends on the initial conditions of the synthetic water, the cut of the fiber and the velocity. In addition, it is important to mention that, in order to lower heavy metal concentrations, low flow rates should be used.
A chromosomal reference genome sequence for the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, Giles, 1902, Ifakara strain
Authors: Habtewold Tibebu , Wagah Martin , Tambwe Mgeni Mohamed , Moore Sarah , Windbichler Nikolai , Christophides George , Johnson Harriet , Heaton Haynes , Collins Joanna , Krasheninnikova Ksenia , Pelan Sarah E. , Pointon Damon-Lee B. , Sims Ying , Torrance James W. , Tracey Alan , Uliano Da Silva Marcela , Wood Jonathan MD , von Wyschetzki Katharina ,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective, McCarthy Shane A. , Neafsey Daniel E. , Makunin Alex , Lawniczak Mara
Published: February 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Anopheles gambiae (the malaria mosquito; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Culicidae), Ifakara strain. The genome sequence is 264 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into three chromosomal pseudomolecules with the X sex chromosome assembled. The complete mitochondrial genome was also assembled and is 15.4 kilobases in length.
Intravesical bacillus Calmette–Guérin-induced myopathy presenting as rhabdomyolysis: a case report
Authors: Lee Chae Hun , Choi Byeong Joo , Kim Jung Hun , Yang Tae Woong , Kim Gi Jeong , Shin Ha Young , Kim Se Hoon , Kim Seung Woo
Published: February 2023

Intravesical bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) instillation is an adjuvant treatment for non–muscle-invasive urinary bladder cancer. Although most complications associated with BCG immunotherapy are mild and self-limiting, rare albeit serious complications have been reported. Only a few cases of BCG-related rhabdomyolysis have been reported. In this study, we present the case of a 72-year-old woman who developed severe weakness and hyperCKemia following intravesical BCG instillation. A muscle biopsy was performed, and a diagnosis of drug-induced myopathy was made.
Ecology of screen arts
Authors: Chuprinskiy Andrey , Nechay Ol'ga , Smol'skiy Richard
Published: February 2023

The monograph reveals the relevance of the general cultural and ideological and educational significance of screen arts for understanding the relationship between the scenario modeling of screen paradigms and their psychological projection by viewers into reality.
It is designed for the target audience of creative teams in the field of audiovisual content production, humanitarian researchers, graduate students, undergraduates, bachelors, students of educational institutions studying in the field of screen arts and film studies, as well as for a wide range of readers interested in moral problems in mass communication.
Criminal law: a special part. Workshop
Authors: Agil'din Vladimir , Parhomenko Svetlana
Published: February 2023

The textbook contains instructions and practical tasks for independent work, before working on which you should refer to the section "General guidelines for solving problems and other materials (a list of regulations, lists of recommended literature, topics for term papers) necessary for conducting practical classes on a special part of criminal law." The samples of test tasks and the keys to their solution are an integral part of the workshop. The tasks were compiled in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, taking into account the changes made as of 01.09.2022.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation and the program for the discipline "Criminal Law".
For undergraduate students studying in the field of training 40.03.01 "Jurisprudence".
Price management
Authors: Ivanov Ivan , Rusin Vyacheslav , Rozhkov Il'ya
Published: February 2023

The textbook reveals the development of the theoretical foundations of value and price at various stages of the evolution of economics, as well as in modern market conditions. The interrelation of the economic policy of the enterprise with key price categories is revealed: pricing policy, principles and methods of pricing, pricing strategy and tactics. The universal role of price in the economy is revealed, its mission is explained, and the classification of prices is given. The economic functions of the price and the principles of pricing are determined. Considerable attention is paid to practical issues of price management: the process of developing a pricing policy; the use of various methods and methods of pricing; the choice and implementation of a pricing strategy; the formation of prices taking into account various external factors.
Complies with the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students, economists, managers, marketers and other practitioners interested in the possibilities of price management in modern market conditions.
State information and Legal system of population registration in the Kingdom of Spain
Authors: Trofimec Irina , Voytovich Liliya , Gubarev Oleg
Published: February 2023

The monograph is devoted to the analysis of legislation and law enforcement in the field of state information and legal accounting systems of citizens. Using the example of the Kingdom of Spain, an attempt has been made to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of creating an electronic information resource about the population in the form of a unified register of civil status acts. The author shows not only the private law, but also the public importance and significance of civil status records, as well as the relevance of their digitalization: the individualization and identification of each citizen ensures the national security of the state and the stability of legal relations in society.
It is intended for lawyers, teachers and students of law schools, as well as for a wide range of readers interested in foreign experience in the application of state information and legal systems of population accounting and their legal regulation.
Countering illegal archaeological activity in the Russian Federation: issues of legal regulation and law enforcement.
Authors: Panfilov Anatoliy , Mayorov Vladimir , Sumachev Aleksey
Published: February 2023

Taking into account the latest changes in legislation, the monograph examines the norms of administrative-tort and criminal legislation providing for administrative and criminal liability for illegal archaeological activities in the Russian Federation. According to the author, the emerging judicial practice in Russia in cases of administrative offenses provided for in Articles 7.15, 7.15.1 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation, and criminal cases of a crime provided for in Article 243.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation raises many questions, which requires further improvement of Russian legislation in the field of protection of cultural heritage objects.
The author suggests a number of innovations that could be taken into account when developing a law on archaeological heritage sites and on improving the relevant protective norms. Special attention is paid to the analysis of norms-definitions that reveal the content of the basic concepts: "archaeological heritage object", "archaeological objects", "cultural layer". The necessity of abandoning the "floating" age criterion (at least one hundred years old), fixed in the Federal Law "On Objects of Cultural Heritage (historical and cultural monuments) of the peoples of the Russian Federation", is substantiated. Instead of the age criterion, it is proposed to introduce the concept of "archaeological epoch" into legal circulation. The content of the concepts is also revealed: "illegal search and seizure of archaeological objects from the archaeological cultural layer", "archaeological cultural layer", "damage to the archaeological cultural layer", "destruction of the archaeological cultural layer".
It is intended for scientists and practitioners, law enforcement officials, public authorities and local self-government, teachers, graduate students and students of law schools and faculties, historians, as well as anyone interested in the legal protection of archaeological heritage sites.
Scientific management of graduate students
Authors: Reznik Semen , Gus'kova Nadezhda , Mel'nik Margarita
Published: February 2023

In the practical manual, the technologies of scientific guidance of graduate students in higher educational institutions are considered.
Considerable attention is paid to the qualities and competencies of scientific supervisors and their graduate students, the preparation of graduate students for scientific and pedagogical activities, the organization of leadership of a group of graduate students, coordination and control of their activities, as well as the organization and planning of personal activities of scientific supervisors.
A special chapter is devoted to the gender characteristics of scientific leadership: female scientific supervisors.
For research supervisors of graduate students, as well as for anyone interested in the issues of dissertation management.