bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The reliability of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with multispectral cameras for estimating chlorophyll content, plant height, canopy area, and fruit total number of Lemons (Citrus limon)
Authors: Al Fanshuri Buyung , Prayogo Cahyo , Soemarno Soemarno , Prijono Sugeng , Arfarita Novi
Published: December 2023

Monitoring  lemon production requires appropriate and efficient technology. The use of UAVs can addressed these challenges. The purpose of this study was to determine the best vegetation indices (VIs) for estimating chlorophyll content, plant height (PH), canopy area (CA), and fruit total numberas (FTN). CCM 200 was used as a tool to measure the chlorophyll content index (CCI), the number of fruits was measured by hand-counter, and other variables were recorded in meters. The UAV used was a Phantom 4 with a multispectral camera capable of capturing five different bands. The VIs was obtained via analysis of digital numbers generated by the multispectral camera. Then, the VIs was correlated with the CCI, PH, CA and FTN. VIs tested included the following: the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the normalized difference vegetation index-green (NDVIg), the normalized different index (NDI), green minus red (GMR), simple ratio (SR), the Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index (VARI), normalized difference red edge (NDRE), simple ratio red-edge (SRRE), the simple ratio vegetation index (SRVI), and the Canopy Chlorophyll Content Index (CCCI). The best model for predicting CCI was obtained using the NDVIg (R2=0.8480; RMSE=6.1665 and RRMSE=0.0908). Meanwhile, SR turned out to be the best model for predicting PH (R2=0.8266; RMSE=15.6432 and RRMSE=0.0883), CA (R2=0.6886; RMSE= 0.8826 and RRMSE=0.1907), and FTN (R2=0.6850; RMSE=24.5574 and RRMSE=0.3503). The implication of these results for future activities includes establishing early monitoring and evaluation systems for lemon yield and production. This model was developed and tested in this specific location and under these environmental conditions.
INCREASING THE RELIABILITY OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS WHEN USING CONTROLLERS
Authors: Shutinsky O. G. , Snurnikov D. V.
Published: December 2023

In order to evaluate the behavior of the automatic system, the understanding of the reliability of the system is established in the operational minds. In the case of operation, the system of automatic transmission can be applied to: mechanical ventilation (vibraciy, strike, post-mortem proradiance); electric navantezhen (naprugi, electric struma, push); navkolishnih umov (temperature, vologist, vise).

            The inclusion of significant factors is manifested in the visual parameters of the system of nominal (developmental) values. Ci vidhilennya can be the buti nastiliki znasilnym, scho sistema staje neadtistannyj do vikoristannya, so as the vinikennnya of the great vidhilenni of the parameters of the system of development can be brought to an accident.

            If the system ceases to be satisfied with the provisions of the system, the system is to be brought into view. On the basis of the analysis of the technical parameters of the system in the experimental minds, it is necessary to assess the quality of the system on the basis of the analysis of the technical parameters of the system in the experimental minds.

            Thus, since it is impossible to integrate the technical parameters of the system (schematic, constructive, production and experiment) and the analysis of the system on the basis of the theory of methods and special distributions (theories of human processes and mathematical statistics).

            In this way, reliability is an important problem of modern technology at the stage of infrastructure operation, and at the stage of design. The peculiarity of the automatic system is that in the case of the vidmovi obdemarcated kilkosti and the elements of the vidmov of all systems. It is possible to lead to grave problems, because the system is responsible for the implementation of important tasks, and the infrastructure is to be seen by the great war

            The development of the regulatory contour is the meaning of the value of the characteristics of the contour on the basis of the characteristics of the warehouse elements.

            The controller was redirected to the control circuit. In the process of developing the contours of regulation, which are stored with the quality of the elements, the work-free circuit (Рс) is vised as an additional work-free structure.
Prospects for the application of marine energy under competition with other types of unconventional sources
Authors: Savchenko Natalia
Published: December 2023

The global energy crisis is due to the lack of traditional energy sources, which leads to an increase in their cost and limited availability in the required quantity for the full and efficient functioning of energy systems. Therefore, it is quite logical to search for new scientific and technical solutions for the development of alternative energy with renewable energy sources, which are environmentally “clean” and their use does not lead to a violation of the natural climate balance. Modern alternative energy is mainly based on the conversion of solar and wind energy, and the technologies for their construction provide for ground location, which leads to the occupation of vast areas for power plants. Along with this, such power plants have a number of climatic, seasonal and daily restrictions on the power of electricity production, which leads to fluctuations in the energy balance of the system with an increase in their number. To eliminate dips and bursts of energy in the energy system when using renewable sources, it is necessary to introduce energy storage devices, which in turn at this stage of their development are non-environmental chemical batteries, which also require large areas and certain technical conditions for correct operation. Thus, the development of marine energy can in the future become a solution to a number of issues to eliminate the destabilization of the global energy system and provide complete energy independence from traditional energy sources. The oceans have unlimited reserves of renewable energy and their rational extraction and use is the key to the growth of electricity production in the face of increased consumption, which will lead to a general reduction in the crisis in the energy industry in many countries. The issue of developing marine energy as a separate type as part of alternative renewable energy is a priority and, accordingly, the development of technological solutions for the creation of offshore power plants with fundamentally different methods of generating electricity requires huge economic investments in research on their implementation. In the future, marine energy can be one of the main sources of renewable environmentally friendly electricity.
On the question of optimizing the quality of energy in city electric network
Authors: Hovorov Pylyp , Hovorov Vladlen , Kindinova Anastasiia
Published: December 2023

As is well known, ensuring the energy quality indicators set by the State Technical Service of Ukraine in electrical networks is an extremely important task. The heterogeneity of load schedules of consumers of urban electric networks in combination with the variety of their operating modes, phase differences, non-linearity and high speed of parameter changes led to the fact that asymmetry, non-sinusoidal, voltage deviations and fluctuations in the networks became permanent factors that significantly reduce the quality of the networks and consumers connected to them. In addition, studies of the power factor in urban electrical networks indicate a low level of reactive power compensation in them. This is due to the high value of voltage and power losses in networks, the technical need and economic feasibility of compensation of reactive power in them. Research conducted at O. M. Beketov Kharkiv National University of Urban Economy, testify to the fact that the main strategic directions for improving the quality of energy in urban electric networks are voltage regulation, taking into account the comprehensive solution of the issues of improving the quality of energy and compensation of reactive power. At the same time, the technical solution to the problem is on the way of multi-level correction of quality indicators by using additional multifunctional devices, the most important place among which is occupied by devices made on the basis of thyristor-controlled voltage transformers. The paper presents the results of this study. It is also determined that in combination with the automation of the process of managing multifunctional devices, the use of multifunctional converters as a whole allows solving the issue of optimizing the operation modes of city power supply systems. The application of research results in general allows solving the issue of energy quality optimization in urban electrical networks.
ASSESSING THE LOGISTIC SYSTEM MATURITY LEVEL IN INTEGRATED SUPPLY CHAINS UNDER LOGISTIC 4.0 PARADIGM
Authors: Zhang Min , Huo Ran
Published: December 2023

The fourth industrial revolution and digital technologies have transformed the logistics industry, leading to the emergence of Logistics 4.0 paradigm with interconnected systems, robots, big data analytics, and data-driven decision-making, which is crucial for enhancing supply chain resilience, sustainability, and customer-centricity. In this regard, the need to continuous investment in logistics system maturity assessment and development has been identified. This research article analyzes existing maturity assessment models for business systems, summarizes these models, and discusses their potential transformation under the influence of digitalization. The importance of evaluating maturity levels is highlighted through existing research but emphasizes that merely identifying maturity levels is insufficient, as improvements are necessary following the evaluation. Moreover, existing models that evaluate maturity levels need to improve accounting for industry-specific contexts and provide specific quality indicators rather than focusing on the description of maturity levels. The article aims to develop the theoretical and methodological foundations for the logistics system maturity in integrated supply chain evaluation and provide a framework for organizations to identify areas for improvement with the Logistics 4.0 paradigm. The article's hypotheses suggest that improving such factors as digital transformation, supply chain integration, organizational culture, strategic alignment, human capital, workforce development, partnerships, and collaborations can enhance the maturity level of logistic systems, leading to improved supply chain performance, but some barriers and challenges need to be overcome with the fourth industrial revolution achievements. The mutual influence of the described hypotheses highlights three key areas for evaluating logistics maturity: the level of formalization within the integration process, the maturity of individual participants, and the utilization of opportunities provided by the fourth industrial revolution. The interpretation of integrated logistic system maturity level has been given.  The article provides a comprehensive interpretation of the maturity level of integrated logistics systems, which are proposed to identify based on the developed hierarchical model of fuzzy inference. Under the fuzzy model, indicators for assessing different aspects of logistic maturity have been offered, and response scenarios to maturity assessment results have been developed.
FOOD PROBLEM OF THE EASTERN REGION OF UKRAINE CAUSED BY THE WAR
Authors: Кazakova Nadiia , Neustroieva Gelena , Hromov Vadym
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the scientifically substantiated analyses of the food problem of the  eastern region of Ukraine based on its essential importance for the world problem of avoiding hunger. Taking into account  the fact that the potential of external production exceeds the needs of the domestic market  it is necessary to conduct a research of solving food problems when planning the development of the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy..

This article considers such analytical issues estimating that Ukraine has been among the top five exporters of grain and legume resources for many years. Ukraine is one of the main countries that contributes to the agricultural sector of the world economy. The activities of future specialists, when dealing with the food problem, depend on the content and nature of the knowledge that  not only the coronavirus pandemic, but also armed conflicts in most of the specified countries and climate change, several years of drought contributed to problems with agricultural production in the region.

The general provisions on analysis of various options for solving this problem are given and it is estimated that the analytical approach is the most optimal, since it allows you to build a diagram for comparing percentage of the most popular agricultural crops in the sown areas. It is advisable to consider the process of selecting most of the data that  have been collected before the invasion. This research paper reveals the fact that much of the concern is related to shortages in the supply of staple crops such as wheat, corn and oilseeds, which could rise up prices. The invasion also led to higher prices for fuel and related fertilizers, leading to further food shortages and higher prices. The rise in wheat prices resulting from the conflict has become a problem for the countries, heavily dependent on Russian and Ukrainian wheat exports, and raised fears of social protest.

The article analyzes  economists’ views on the process of solving the food problems.It should be noted that these main issues will affect further world market prices and inflation will rise. Due to invasion, the US Department of Agriculture published a forecast for the export of grain products from Ukraine. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations published information on the growth of the grain price index. Practical recommendations are provided for solving the problems.

The research has been developed to estimate that Ukraine is a leading country in the agricultural sector of the economy, which supplies food to the EU, Africa and India. Due to Russia's invasion into Ukrainian lands, many states may suffer from hunger and if the full-scale intervention into Ukraine is not stopped, then the world will face a food crisis.
THE MAIN PRINCIPLES AND STAGES OF THE COMPETITIVE STRATEGY FORMATION OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Foshchii Mariia , Foshchii Petro
Published: December 2023

The article examines the theoretical and practical tasks of the competitive strategy formation of an industrial enterprise. The task of the competitive strategy of an industrial enterprise is highlighted. In accordance with the defined tasks, the requirements that need to be taken into account in the formation of a competitive strategy are described. Different approaches to the process of competitive strategy formation are analyzed. The study of specialized literature made it possible to single out the following basic principles of competitive strategy formation. In order to increase the effectiveness of the competitive strategy implementation, the formation process should be closely related to its implementation, during which the identified deviations become the objects of adjustments. It should be noted that the process of the competitive strategy formation of an industrial enterprise should be characterized by complexity and completeness. In the work, the sequence of the process approach stages to the competitive strategy formation of an industrial enterprise is highlighted. The basis of the process approach to competitive strategy formation is the general strategy of the enterprise, which is a comprehensive plan of the industrial enterprise’s activity, which ensures the realization of its mission and goals and is mainly focused on increasing long-term efficiency. Actually, the concept is a complex of certain provisions that are connected by the main idea and aimed at achieving a specific goal. Despite the peculiarities of the competitive strategy formation process of an industrial enterprise, most approaches are united by a common goal - creating greater value for consumers and other interested parties compared to competitors. The formation of an effective competitive strategy is a complex and multifaceted process, a necessary prerequisite for achieving the sustainable functioning of the enterprise, and it has an undeniable practical value. Implementation of a competitive strategy taking into account the market situation, timely analysis, response to deviations from target guidelines and reaction to external and internal changes will allow the enterprise to form and strengthen its competitive advantages and market position.
GENESIS OF SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE THEORY OF HUMAN CAPITAL OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
Authors: Kosenko Oleksandra
Published: December 2023

Scientific research is aimed at combining theoretical aspects of the development of scientific knowledge and theoretical and practical application of these aspects in relation to human capital. The article analyzes the concepts of science, the development of science and knowledge, using chronological and historiographical methods, the concepts of genesis, scientific and pre-scientific knowledge of reality are defined. The signs of the scientific transformation of reality based on the public perception of new paradigms, their development, application in practice and further scientific processing to identify methodological connections, the formation of relevant theories, which are combined with already mastered practice, are identified. Currently, we see the traditional development of scientific knowledge of the problem of introducing persons with disabilities into the country’s economic potential. The article presents the concept of human capital and its features, reveals research scientists who derive human potential from the theoretical development of the concept of labor productivity in the 20th century to the theoretical and practical concept of human capital in the 21st century. They indicate that at the beginning of scientific research, the concept of labor productivity was applied, and with the development of technology and engineering, the higher development of civilizational processes, labor productivity is gradually mediated by the intellectual potential of the worker. Therefore, it is emphasized that increasing the scientific level and education of the employee at the present time gives the employer a higher rate of return on the spent funds, since the employee uses not only improved means of work, but also mental abilities and skills, practical skills and thus gives a higher level of income. In the economic system of the modern state, the consequence of the increase in the number of people with disabilities reaches a new level of research on the use of the potential of people with disabilities in the economic development of the country. Technological catastrophes, wars and the deterioration of the environment create higher threats and produce an increase in the number of people with disabilities both from birth and throughout their lives. Their economic potential should be used on a par with other professionally fit people, fulfilling the requirement to respect their rights and freedoms regarding employment and social and financial security. The article clearly emphasizes the role of the state in the formation of a normative and scientific basis for the professional adaptation of such persons, the creation of professions in all branches of the economy and programs that will interest both employers and scientists in the development of employment programs for persons with disabilities depending on their physical and mental state.
Hraní na socialistické vojáčky? Reenactment Československé lidové armády v aktérské perspektivě současné mladé generace
Authors: Hlaváček Jiří
Published: December 2023

Předkládaná případová studie se zaměřuje na reenactment Československé lidové armády v aktérské perspektivě příslušníků současné mladé generace. Autor nejprve představuje vojenský reálný reenactment jako specifický předmět antropologického bádání a následně se věnuje základním kategoriím (materiální a interakční kredibilita), na jejichž základě je v rámci reenactment studies posuzována míra historické autenticity. Hlavní pozornost se zaměřuje na analýzu a interpretaci polostrukturovaných rozhovorů s aktéry nejmenovaného klubu vojenské historie, kteří se věnují reenactmentování konkrétního vojenského útvaru z období studené války (60.–80. léta 20. století).
The Influence of Argument Quality and Information Richness on Trust in Halal Cosmetic Reviews
Authors: Rahma Haryono Aufa Aviska , Susilowati Fitriah Dwi , Mardiana Lena , Rahmatika Febrina , Rohmah Resy Nur
Published: December 2023

In the digital age, halal cosmetic products are becoming increasingly popular. Online reviews play an important role in consumers' purchasing decisions, as they cannot see and check the quality of the products directly, but only through the screens of their gadgets. Under Islamic law, the consumption of halal cosmetics is not only obligatory but also a lifestyle choice. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of argument quality and information richness on perceptions of information quality and trustworthiness of halal product reviews on the Shopee platform. We utilized a survey design involving 120 participants and applied ANOVA with a regression approach for analysis. Our results show that argument quality and information richness have a positive impact on perceived information quality. Furthermore, perceived information quality positively affects trust in halal product reviews. The results highlight the importance of providing high quality arguments and information in online reviews to increase consumer trust in halal cosmetic products. Furthermore, this study highlights the role of the Shopee platform in shaping consumer perceptions of online reviews, especially in the context of halal cosmetics. Marketers can use these findings to enhance their brand credibility and increase consumer trust through high-quality online product reviews. This study is useful for muslim marketers so that they can increase sales by motivating consumers to provide quality reviews that can be adopted by other consumers.
Budgeting From an Islamic Green Economy Perspective in Local Development
Authors: Cahyani Yutisa Tri , Santoso Lukman , Ma'mun Sukron
Published: December 2023

Global climate change and environmental problems significantly threaten the Earth's ability to support human needs and well-being. This crisis is exacerbated by increased economic development activities that rely heavily on the exploitation of natural resources. Indonesia, facing similar challenges, requires the implementation of a sustainable and environmentally friendly economic model. This study examines budgeting in the context of local government budget documents and regional development reports, focusing on the integration of green economic principles in the Mataraman region of East Java, Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach, the research examines local government budget and economic development reports from Madiun City and Ponorogo Regency. It involves a comprehensive analysis of both primary and secondary sources related to local development and budgeting. The findings aim to contribute to the promotion and acceleration of green economic development in the region, thereby influencing the allocation of resources to foster an inclusive and prosperous community.
Spatial Effects of Renewable and Fossil Energy Consumption on the Ecological Footprint for the EU Countries
Authors: Bucak Çağla , Önder Özlem , Catik Abdurrahman Nazif
Published: December 2023

This study examines the spillover of pollution among the 26 European Union (EU) countries from 1995 to 2020. In order to quantify pollution spillovers among the countries we estimated Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) using spatial econometric methods. Our research is unique in that it investigates ecological footprint spillovers for the EU Countries. This study also considers the direct and indirect effects of renewable and fossil energy consumption and globalization on environmental degradation in EU countries. The empirical results favor the validity of the EKC hypothesis. Our results support the presence of positive and significant ecological footprint spillovers among EU countries. Our spatial estimates also reveal the significant spillover impact of explanatory variables on the ecological footprint. The ecological footprint of the local country is declining owing to the consumption of renewable energy in neighboring countries. Furthermore, the fossil energy consumption of the local and neighboring countries has a positive impact on the ecological footprint. Evidence obtained from our spatial estimates provides useful insights to policymakers in developing appropriate environmental policies to combat climate change.
Functional Annotation and Meta-Analysis of Maize Transcriptomes Reveal Genes Involved in Biotic and Abiotic Stress
Authors: Hayford Rita K , Haley Olivia C , Cannon Ethalinda K , II John L Portwood , Gardiner Jack M , Andorf Carson M , Woodhouse Margaret R
Published: December 2023

Background
Environmental stress factors, such as biotic and abiotic stress, are becoming more common due to climate variability, significantly affecting global maize yield. Transcriptome profiling studies provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying stress response in maize, though the functions of many genes are still unknown. To enhance the functional annotation of maize-specific genes, MaizeGDB has outlined a data-driven approach with an emphasis on identifying genes and traits related to biotic and abiotic stress.
Results
We mapped high-quality RNA-Seq expression reads from 25 different publicly available datasets (17 abiotic and eight biotic studies) generated from the B73 cultivar to the recent version of the reference genome B73 (B73v5) and deduced stress-related functional annotation of maize gene models. We conducted a robust meta-analysis of the transcriptome profiles from the datasets to identify maize loci responsive to stress, identifying 3,230 differentially expressed genes (DEGs): 2,555 DEGs regulated in response to abiotic stress, 408 DEGs regulated during biotic stress, and 267 common DEGs (co-DEGs) that overlap between abiotic and biotic stress. We discovered hub genes from network analyses, and among the hub genes of the co-DEGs we identified a putative NAC domain transcription factor superfamily protein (Zm00001eb369060) IDP275, which previously responded to herbivory and drought stress. IDP275 was up-regulated in our analysis in response to eight different abiotic and four different biotic stresses. A gene set enrichment and pathway analysis of hub genes of the co-DEGs revealed hormone-mediated signaling processes and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways, respectively. Using phylostratigraphic analysis, we also demonstrated how abiotic and biotic stress genes differentially evolve to adapt to changing environments.
Conclusions
These results will help facilitate the functional annotation of multiple stress response gene models and annotation in maize. Data can be accessed and downloaded at the Maize Genetics and Genomics Database (MaizeGDB).
International sanctions and climate finance in developing countries
Authors: Moteng Ghislain , Mejioguim Rose
Published: December 2023

Global warming has become a major concern for all countries. Understanding and identifying the factors likely to combat it is now a major challenge on the global agenda. Since the Ukraine-Russia conflict in 2014, international sanctions have attracted the attention of international organisations because of their impact on countries' well-being. However, surprisingly little is known about the link between sanctions and climate aid. This study analyses the effects of international sanctions on climate finance for a large panel of 80 developing countries over the period 2000-2019. To this end, we jointly apply the system-dynamic generalised method of moments (GMM) and the quantile regression method. The results show a negative and statistically significant relationship between international sanctions and climate finance. In other words, these restrictive measures have had an unfavourable impact on financial flows intended to support climate initiatives in developing countries. These results highlight the need to rethink economic policies and diplomatic approaches to ensure that international sanctions do not undermine efforts to promote climate finance. We also show that corruption, poverty and human capital are the mechanisms through which international sanctions influence climate finance in developing countries.
Jel Classification : F51; Q54; C32
Leptomeningeal Neural Organoid (LMNO) Fusions as Models to Study Meninges-Brain Signaling
Authors: Gama Vivian , Jones Hannah , Robertson Gabriella , O'Rourke Rebecca , Romero-Morales Alejandra , Siegenthaler Julie
Published: December 2023

Neural organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells provide a model to study the earliest stages of neurogenesis, neural differentiation, and synaptogenesis. However, neural organoids lack supportive tissues and some non-neural cell types that are key regulators of brain development. Neural organoids have been co-cultured with non-neural structures and cell types to promote their maturation and model interactions with neuronal cells. One structure that does not form de novo with neural organoids is the meninges, a tri-layered structure that surrounds the CNS and secretes key signaling molecules required for mammalian brain development. We developed a co-culture system of neural organoids fused with fetal leptomeninges from mice with fluorescently labeled meninges. These proof-of-concept studies test the stability of the different cell types in the leptomeninges and the fused brain organoid, as well as the interface between the organoid and meningeal tissue. We test the longevity of the fusion pieces, describe best practices for preparing the meninges sample before fusion, and examine the feasibility of single or multiple meninges pieces fused to a single organoid. We discuss potential uses of the current version of the LMNO fusion model and opportunities to improve the system.
Orthoflow: phylogenomic analysis and diagnostics with one command
Authors: Turnbull Robert , Steenwyk Jacob L. , Mutch Simon J. , Scholten Pelle , Salazar Vinícius W. , Birch Joanne L. , Verbruggen Heroen
Published: December 2023

Species trees, which depict the evolutionary relationships among organisms, underlie many evolutionary studies. Phylogenomics, the use of genome-scale datasets for phylogenetic inference, is the current gold standard for species tree inference. The development, maintenance, and execution of phylogenomic workflows is challenging, requiring programming, data management skills, and familiarity with changing best practices. We introduce Orthoflow, a software wherein a single command automatically conducts end-to-end phylogenomic analysis—orthology inference and identification of phylogenomic markers, quality control, data matrix construction, diagnostics, and tree inference using supermatrix and supertree methods from multiple input data formats. To demonstrate the utility of Orthoflow, we successfully recapitulate the evolutionary relationships among 24 yeast species. Orthoflow increases the accessibility of researchers to conduct rigorous phylogenomic analysis flexibly. Orthoflow is freely available from PyPI (https://pypi.org/project/orthoflow/), Bioconda (https://anaconda.org/bioconda/orthoflow) and GitHub (https://github.com/rbturnbull/orthoflow) under the Apache License 2.0.
Integrated bioinformatics investigation and experimental validation reveals the clinical and biological significance of chromobox family in breast cancer
Authors: Ge Xin , Lei Shu , Wang Panliang , Wang Wenkang , Du Peng , Wang Wendong
Published: December 2023

Background
Chromobox (CBX) proteins are essential components of the Polycomb group and play critical roles in tumor onset, development, and metastasis. However, the prognostic significance and functions of CBXs in breast cancer (BC) progression have not been sufficiently investigated.
Methods
The expression and prognostic significance of CBX1-8 in BC were comprehensively analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and multiple databases, including cBioPortal, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), Kaplan-Meier plotter, and TIMER. In vitro validation included conducting cell proliferation and EdU assays to confirm the oncogenic role of BC cells after CBX2 silencing. Additionally, FACS and western blotting were used to elucidate the mechanism of CBX2 in BC.
Results
The expression levels of CBX1, CBX2, CBX3, CBX4, and CBX8 were significantly elevated in BC tissues compared to normal tissues. High mRNA expression of CBX2, CBX3, and CBX5 in BC patients was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis results revealed that the mRNA expression level of CBX2 in BC patients served as an independent prognostic factor. In Luminal A and Luminal B BC subtypes, high expression of CBX2 was associated with poor prognosis. Subsequent Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses revealed a close association between CBX2 and the cell cycle as well as DNA replication. CCK-8 and EdU assays demonstrated that silencing CBX2 inhibited the proliferation of T47D and MCF7 cell lines. Moreover, the cell cycle assay indicated that CBX2 silencing led to cell cycle arrest, accompanied by a marked reduction in the levels of CDK4 and CyclinD1. High CBX2 expression significantly correlated with the infiltration of T cells, B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells in BC.
Conclusions
Our findings could provide new insights into identifying potential prognostic markers within the CBX family in BC. Targeting CBX2 may present a promising strategy to tackle endocrine resistance in BC therapy.
The Effect of Thyroid Hormone Level on Topographic, Densitometric and Aberrometric Values Of the Cornea
Authors: Alakuş Mehmet Fuat , Kozan Betül Dertsiz , Çağlayan Mehtap Savar , Öncül Hasan , Kılıç Jehat
Published: December 2023

Purpose : To investigate the topographic measurements,aberrometrics and densitometrics values ofcorneas in hypothyroid , hyperthyroid patients compared to healthy individuals.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study included 20 hypothyroid patients(group I), 20 hyperthyroid patients (group II), and 20 age-matched controls (group III). The Pentacamhigh resolution imaging system is used to determine corneal topographic measurements,aberrometryand densitometry.
Results: Mean age group I, II and III 42.11±12.84(21-65), 44.52±10.11(20-66), 44.04±8.06(20-65)years was respectively (p =0.091). There was no significant difference between the groups nostatistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of the 0-2 mm and 2-6 mmdensitometry values. At 6-10 mm corneal zone at all layers, including anterior, mid-stroma, posteriorand total, were significantly higher in the hyperthyroidism group compared to the control group(p=0.002, p=0.001, p=0.002 and p=0.001, respectively). At the 10-12 mm peripheral corneal zone,corneal densitometry values in all layers were significantly higher in the hyperthyroidism groupcompared to both the control group and hypothyroidism group (p<0.05 for all values). For theaberrometric measures, higher order aberrations were greater for the hyperthyroidism group than thecontrol group” (p=0.012).
Conclusion : Hyperthyroidism may affect corneal densitometric and aberometric values,which may alter the corneal transparency.
A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis of Obesity and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Tan Hengbin , Luo Ping , Wang Guohui
Published: December 2023

Aim
To assess the research status, hotspots, and frontiers related to obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) using bibliometric approaches.
Material and Methods
Bibliometric analysis of the field of obesity and GERD was conducted based on database of the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) from its inception to October 20, 2022. Several factors are analyzed and mapped using VOSviewer software, including the total number of publications, the number of resources and journals, countries, authors, and intellectual networks, as well as the co-citation analysis of keywords and references.
Results
A total of 2,306 papers from 480 journals with 10,010 authors from 2,628 institutes in 75 countries were included. There was an increase in publishing papers and citations each year. Most of the publications were authored by researchers from the United States and Italy. In the collaboration network map, Mayo Clinic, Karolinska Institute, the University of Washington had the largest cluster of nodes. Lagergren J, Corley DA, Whiteman DC, Vaughan TL, and Patti MG were the most prolific authors. There was a high concentration of research into bariatric surgery (BS), risk factors, body mass index (BMI), and Barrett's esophagus in this field. Future research may focus on weight gain, sleep apnea, sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and revisional bariatric surgery.
Conclusions
We summarized the research hotspots and trends, collaborative network, and future research directions in the field of obesity and GERD. In addition to help scholars understand essential information, our results will also enable them to identify research frontiers.
Recovery at Your Fingertips: Pilot Study of an mHealth Intervention for Work-Related Stress Among Nursing Students
Authors: Kowalski Leo , Finnes Anna , Koch Sabine , Stenling Andreas , Bujacz Aleksandra
Published: December 2023

Background: Work-related stress is detrimental to individual health and incurs substantial social costs. Interventions to tackle this problem are urgently needed, with mHealth solutions being a promising way of delivering accessible and standardized interventions on a wide scale. This study pilot tests a low-intensive mHealth intervention designed to mitigate the negative consequences of stress through promoting recovery strategies.
Methods: Nursing school students (N = 16) used the intervention for a month. Data were collected immediately before, immediately after, and one month after the end of the intervention. Additionally, intensive longitudinal data were collected daily during the time of the intervention. Primary outcome measures include recruitment and retention rates, engagement with and acceptability of the intervention, as well as evaluating the quality of measurement instruments.
Results: Recruitment and retention rates provide a benchmark that we need to invite 10-12 times the intended target sample size. Engagement and acceptability metrics are promising overall, showing key areas that need to be adapted to improve the intervention. Measurement quality is acceptable with instruments mostly functioning as intended.
Discussion: Results show that the intervention and study protocol are feasible for conducting a randomized controlled trial given a few adjustments. The randomization algorithm needs to match the sample size in order to allocate evenly distributed experimental groups. Acceptability of the intervention may be improved through adapting the recommended recovery strategies. Some additional outcome measures are suggested to provide a more comprehensive picture of intervention effects.
Fire effects on soil biota alter the strength and direction of plant-soil feedbacks
Authors: Hopkins Jacob , Bennett Alison E.
Published: December 2023

Background and aims
Plant soil feedbacks (PSF) are reciprocal mechanisms through which plants modify soil biota and affect future plant growth. When scaled up to the community level, PSFs are important determinants of above- and belowground community dynamics that influence long-term successional trajectories. Despite over three decades of ecological PSF research, we have a poor understanding of how common environmental processes like fire influence the strength and direction of PSFs.
Methods
In this work we evaluated how fire effects on Schizachyrium scoparium and Rudbeckia hirta trained soil biota influenced feedbacks on plant growth. We tested this by experimentally manipulating fires and evaluating plant growth responses to burned and unburned inter- and intraspecific soil biota treatments.
Results
Fire effects on inocula neutralized negative feedbacks in S. scoparium, and caused negative feedbacks in R. hirta. This shows that environmental disturbance like fire can alter the strength and direction of PSFs in ways that potentially modify plant growth, plant fuel loads, and community dynamics.
Conclusion
That fire can alter the strength and direction of PSFs on plant growth suggests that fire effects on soil related processes contribute to plant community assembly and fire-fuel dynamics in fire recurrent grassland and savanna ecosystems. Further, this study shows that fire effects on PSFs vary between plant species, and may contribute to the dominance of C4 grasses in pyrophilic ecosystems.
Comparing the effectiveness of real-time PCRs to simultaneously detect and identify viable Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis.
Authors: Lombard Lorenzo , Dekker-Nooren C.C.E.M. , Wuijster B. , Duivenbode I. van , Bruggen A.S. van , Heese E.Y.J. van
Published: December 2023

Recently, the Commission Implementation Regulation (CIR) 2022/1192 has been published in Europe, prescribing regulations on eradication measures for quarantine potato cyst nematodes including mandated assays for species identification. The CIR 2022/1192 provides a derogation on the use of Beniers et al. (2014) real-time PCR as the validation process was still ongoing. In this study, the validation of a modified version of the Beniers real-time PCR was carried out, following EPPO Standard PM 7/98. Furthermore, the performance was compared to the conventional PCR of Bulman & Marshall (1997) and the Gamel et al. (2017) real-time PCR, both DNA based, which are mandated by CIR 2022/1192. Additionally, the effect of cyst viability was compared for the two real-time PCR assays. The modified Beniers real-time PCR met all validation performance criteria, with analytical sensitivity of 1 living egg for both target Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis and scoring 100% for analytical specificity, reproducibility, robustness and diagnostic specificity. The viability assays showed that the DNA based Gamel real-time PCR provided positive results for non-viable cysts in contrast to the modified RNA based Beniers real-time PCR. Based on the results of this study, the modified Beniers qualifies for the detection and identification of Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis and performs at least equally well as the other two PCR assays. For development and improvement of diagnostic protocols, it is recommended that competent authorities should be allowed to use recognized diagnostic protocols when in-house validated instead of only mandated tests as prescribed by CIR 2022/1192.
When to attend? Temporal attention interacts with expectation
Authors: Duyar Aysun , Ren Shiyang , Carrasco Marisa
Published: December 2023

Temporal attention is voluntarily deployed at specific moments, whereas temporal expectation is deployed according to timing probabilities. When the target appears at an expected moment in a sequence, temporal attention improves performance at the attended moments, but the timing and the precision of the attentional window remain unknown. Here we independently and concurrently manipulated temporal attention–via behavioral relevance–and temporal expectation–via session-wise precision and trial-wise hazard rate–to investigate whether and how these mechanisms interact to improve perception. Our results reveal that temporal attention interacts with temporal expectation–the higher the precision, the stronger the attention benefit, but surprisingly this benefit decreased with delayed onset despite the increasing probability of stimulus appearance. When attention was suboptimally deployed to earlier than expected moments, it could not be reoriented to a later time point. These findings provide evidence that temporal attention and temporal expectation are different mechanisms, and highlight their interplay in optimizing visual performance.
A Comprehensive Input-Output Analysis Model for Quantifying Environmental Linkages and Leakages: Evidence from Greece
Authors: Tsirimokos Christos
Published: December 2023

This paper introduces a novel approach to simultaneously estimate total (direct and indirect) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions linkages and leakages by employing both the Leontief demand-driven and Ghosh supply-driven input-output (I-O) models. Using the Greek economy as a case study the paper contributes to the research field of environmental interindustry linkage analysis by evaluating the impact of international trade on the carbon footprint of national economies. The analysis identifies industries with significant emissions linkages and leakages, highlighting the potential for domestic input substitution as a means to reduce GHG emissions. This approach offers valuable insights for the formulation of targeted mitigation policies, contributing to the pursuit of sustainable development goals.
Factors associated with treatment outcomes of severe acute malnutrition among under five children admitted at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) nutrition unit: A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Ndhlovu Mirriam , Pajogo Masuzgo
Published: December 2023

Introduction: SAM affects 17 million under-5 children globally, of which 4.4 million are from sub-Saharan Africa. About 1 million SAM children die every year. Despite Malawi’s efforts to reduce child mortality, inpatient mortality among SAM children has remained high. This study was aimed at assessing factors associated with treatment outcomes among SAM children aged 1 to 59 months admitted to QECH.
Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. A data collection tool was used to collect data from the medical files of the children aged 1 to 59 months admitted at QECH NRU from 2017 to 2020. Systematic random sampling was done to select the medical files. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to assess associations. The statistical significance was declared when the p-value was less than 0.05
Results: Male SAM children constituted 55%, and the age ranged from 6 to 59 months with a median of 18 months. About 21% of SAM children died, 77% were transferred to OTP, and 2% defaulted. Characteristics that were associated with mortality were stopping breastfeeding [ARRR:3.2 (95%CI: 1.1- 9.3)], pneumonia [ARRR:3.1 (95%CI:1.2-8.1)], dehydration [ARRR:6.6 (95% CI: 2.0-22)], sepsis [ARRR:2.8 (95%CI:1.1-7.0)], unknown breastfeeding status [ARRR:14.9 (95%CI:2.4-91.8)], and unknown hypoglycaemia in the ward [ARRR 0.04 (95% CI 0.02-0.1)].
Conclusion: Early detection of life-threatening conditions, timely management of associated medical comorbidities, and adhering to WHO SAM inpatient management protocols might be effective in reducing SAM case fatality estimates.