bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRAFIKMODELLERS BETYDNING FOR GRØN MOBILITET
Authors: Tyge Haarløv Rasmus
Published: August 2021

Denne artikel undersøger, hvordan trafikmodeller repræsenterer og medierer trafikfænomener for embedsfolk og trafikplanlæggere i Københavns Kommune. En trafikmodel er et softwareprogram, der modellerer transportadfærd for en befolkningsgruppe på baggrund af forskellige input. I forbindelse med infrastrukturprojekter i København og omegn anvendes transportmodellering med henblik på at bestemme karakteren af forskellige trafikfænomener såsom bilisme, kollektiv trafik eller cyklisme. Fra og med sommeren 2020 tages en ny, videreudviklet trafikmodel i brug, som har et bredere og mere finmasket perspektiv på trafikfænomener end den nuværende transportmodel. Mens en række transportfænomener enten er usynlige eller i bedste fald negligerede og upræcise i den nuværende transportmodel, betyder ny og mere præcis modellering af eksempelvis fodgængere, parkeringsforhold, delebiler og kombinationsrejser, at disse transportfænomener bliver „virkelige“ for beslutningstagere. For bedre at kunne forstå, hvordan en trafikmodel former „synet“ og transportoverblikket hos embedsfolk og politikere, inddrager jeg antropolog James Scotts idéer om, hvordan en stat ser, samt postfænomenolog Peter Paul Verbeeks idéer om, hvordan teknologier kan siges at åbne verden. Artiklen demonstrerer dels, hvordan den nuværende trafikmodel er et modstridende og uhensigtsmæssigt beslutningsstøtteværktøj i henhold til Københavns CO2-mål, dels hvordan forskellige former for transportmodellering inddrages i samfundsøkonomiske cost-benefit-analyser og dermed i høj grad danner beslutningsgrundlag for, hvordan Københavns gader indrettes.
Søgeord: transportmodellering, grøn mobilitet, postfænomenologi, samfundsøkonomiske analyser, teknologifilosofi, statsantropologi
Vingt regards sur Harry Halbreich, un éveilleur émerveillé
Authors: Mekhitarian Laurence
Published: August 2021

Présentation d’un portrait du musicologue belge Harry Halbreich à travers « vingt regards » évoquant ses publications, ses activités de conférencier et d’enseignant, sa participation active au milieu de la musique contemporaine à l’échelle mondiale ainsi que des souvenirs personnels liés à l’homme dans sa vie privée.
Le tandem Dhomont-Vande Gorne : la connexion acousmatique Québec/Belgique
Authors: Laplante Chantale
Published: August 2021

Les liens entre Francis Dhomont et Annette Vande Gorne, tous deux acousmates passionnés et pédagogues, ont animé le développement d’un nouveau corpus d’oeuvres et marqué les paysages acousmatiques québécois et belge, en particulier entre 1980 et la fin des années 1990. L’article propose de retracer le parcours complice de Dhomont et de Vande Gorne à travers les moments les plus marquants de cette période. S’y dessine un profond attachement pour l’espace sonore et ses déclinaisons dans des concerts spatialisés, tout autant que pour un enseignement novateur. Leurs remarquables carrières respectives sont ponctuées de contributions réflexives importantes pour définir ce qui distingue et caractérise la musique acousmatique. Enfin, on y relate les événements et les collaborations qui ont fourni aux jeunes acousmates d’alors l’occasion d’approfondir leur art et de faire connaître leurs musiques pour les uns en Europe et les autres en Amérique du Nord.
Just Housing
Authors: Dawkins Casey J.
Published: August 2021

A new conception of housing justice grounded in moral principles that appeal to the home's special connection to American life.

In response to the twin crises of homelessness and housing insecurity, an emerging “housing justice” coalition argues that America's apparent inability to provide decent housing for all is a moral failing. Yet if housing is a right, as housing justice advocates contend, what is the content of that right? In a wide-ranging examination of these issues, Casey Dawkins chronicles the concept of housing justice, investigates the moral foundations of the US housing reform tradition, and proposes a new conception of housing justice that is grounded in moral principles that appeal to the home's special connection to American life.

Dawkins examines the conceptual foundations of justice and explores the social meaning of the American home. He chronicles the evolution of American housing reform, showing how housing policy was pieced together from layers of housing and land-use policies enacted over time, and investigates the endurance—from the founding of the republic through the postwar era—of the owned single-family home as the embodiment of national values. Finally, Dawkins considers housing justice, drawing on elements of liberalism, republicanism, progressivism, and pragmatism to defend a right-based conception of housing justice grounded in the ideal of civil equality. Arguing that any defense of private property must appeal to the interests of those whose tenure is made insecure by the institution of private property, he proposes a “secure tenure” property regime and a “negative housing tax” that would fund a guaranteed housing allowance.
Exploring private land conservation non-adopters’ attendance at outreach events in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, USA
Authors: Read Daniel J. , Carroll Alexandra , Wainger Lisa A.
Published: August 2021

Background

Outreach events such as trainings, demonstrations, and workshops are important opportunities for encouraging private land operators to adopt voluntary conservation practices. However, the ability to understand the effectiveness of such events at influencing conservation behavior is confounded by the likelihood that attendees are already interested in conservation and may already be adopters. Understanding characteristics of events that draw non-adopters can aid in designing events and messaging that are better able to reach beyond those already interested in conservation.

Methods

For this study, we interviewed 101 operators of private agricultural lands in Maryland, USA, and used descriptive statistics and qualitative comparative analysis to investigate differences between the kinds of outreach events that adopters and non-adopters attended.

Results

Our results suggested that non-adopters, as compared to adopters, attended events that provided production-relevant information and were logistically easy to attend. Further, non-adopters were more selective when reading advertisements, generally preferring simplicity. Future research and outreach can build on these findings by experimentally testing the effectiveness of messages that are simple and relevant to farmers’ production priorities.
Políticas morales e ideas: el porte de cannabis para uso personal en Chile (1973-2015)
Authors: Labiano Virginia
Published: August 2021

En el presente artículo hacemos una descripción de la política de drogas en Chile en relación al porte de sustancias ilícitas para consumo personal, específicamente de cannabis. Para ello articulamos la teoría ideacional -a través de una propuesta conceptual, el esquema cognitivo-normativo que predomina en la dirigencia política- con la perspectiva de las políticas públicas morales. El objetivo es mostrar cómo el esquema cognitivo-normativo que se formó en la dirigencia chilena en los ‘70 cuando el problema de las drogas entra en la agenda legislativa ha perdurado a lo largo del desarrollo de la política de drogas. Examinamos los procesos que dieron como resultado las leyes 17.934 de 1973, la 18.403 dictada en 1985 así como la ley 19.366 de 1995 y la 20.000 promulgada en 2005. Finalmente analizamos el intento por regular el porte y el autocultivo de cannabis durante 2014-2015.
Análisis y críticas a las fuentes de financiamiento de los clubes de fútbol profesional chileno
Authors: Ríos Lagos Mauricio
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo tiene el propósito de analizar desde un punto de vista jurídico las fuentes de financiamiento privado con que cuentan los clubes profesionales de fútbol chileno. Se identifica que el carácter de la Organización Deportiva Profesional tendrá importancia para captar recursos, como también la relevancia de los derechos de transmisión en el total de los ingresos de los clubes, identificándose que su reparto genera una desigualdad deportiva que podría limitar el desempeño de algunos de los equipos y, en consecuencia, el acceso a otras fuentes de financiamiento.
Continuidad del sistema de AFP en democracia: el rol del poder de la elite económica
Authors: Schiappacasse Ignacio
Published: August 2021

La necesidad de una reforma al sistema de AFP se ha mantenido constantemente en la agenda nacional desde el surgimiento del movimiento “No + AFP” a mediados del año 2016. Desde ese entonces, el sistema político no ha sido capaz de dar una respuesta satisfactoria a la demanda mayoritaria de cambios estructurales al sistema de pensiones, tema que ha recrudecido con la crisis provocada por el COVID-19. En este contexto, se hace especialmente relevante la pregunta sobre los factores que han determinado la extraordinaria resiliencia mostrada por el sistema de AFP desde el retorno a la democracia en 1990. Este trabajo argumenta que los modelos conceptuales existentes no entregan las herramientas analíticas adecuadas para entender este fenómeno. De esta forma, se propone suplementar el modelo tradicional para el estudio del poder empresarial con un marco conceptual que permite incluir en el análisis el rol jugado por paradigmas ideológicos dominantes en el proceso de toma de decisiones. El modelo propuesto es especialmente efectivo para capturar inversiones de largo plazo realizadas por la élite económica con el objetivo de aumentar su poder. Asimismo, es relevante para comprender por qué la Concertación no sólo abandonó su programa original en materia de pensiones, sino que finalmente terminó profundizando la privatización del sistema de AFP.
Seguimiento del precedente por los ministros de la Corte Suprema en materia laboral. Análisis empírico del recurso de unificación de jurisprudencia chileno
Authors: Díaz García Iván , Alarcón García Sofía , Cempe Cempe Katerine , Garrido Esparza Luis , Zúñiga Garrido Alejandro
Published: August 2021

La investigación pretende evaluar el grado de seguimiento que han tenido los precedentes establecidos por la Corte Suprema al pronunciarse sobre los recursos de unificación de jurisprudencia entre los años 2008 y 2013, por parte de los Ministros de este mismo tribunal. Esta evaluación, que se denomina «interna y personal», complementa la evaluación «interna e institucional» que se ha realizado en una investigación anterior. Los resultados demuestran que, en general, hay un muy elevado seguimiento del precedente a nivel interno y personal.
The Impact of Economic Growth on the Human Development Index in Jambi Province in 2004-2019
Authors: Kuswanto .
Published: August 2021

The Human Development Index (HDI) is an index used to measure the achievement of human development in the aspects of health, education and income expenditure. The research is based on the trend of fluctuations in the HDI of Jambi Province in 2004-2019. This study aims to determine the impact of economic growth on the human development index in Jambi Province in 2004-2019 using the Error Correction Model (ECM) method. This type of research is quantitative research using the error correction model (ECM) method to correct imbalances. The results showed that economic growth (GRDP) had a positive and significant effect on the human development index both in the long and short term. The coefficient of ECTt variable in the ECM model is 0.380157 or 0.4 which indicates that short-term equilibrium fluctuations will be corrected towards long-term equilibrium, where about 40% of the adjustment process occurs in the first year and 60% occurs in the following year. year. Based on the results of this study, local governments are expected to pay more attention to improving areas that experience inequality in human development through increasing public awareness in order to increase productivity and to reduce inequalityetween districts in Jambi Province and achieve the expected community welfare.
Analysis of the Competitiveness of Ponds Aquaculture in West Java Province
Authors: Suryana Asep Agus Handaka , Nurmahendra Dhea Tiara
Published: August 2021

The level of competitiveness is one of the parameters in the concept of sustainability. The fisheries sector has a strategic role in national development, one of which is aquaculture. Ponds aquaculture is the most widespread in the province of West Java. So that fishery production in West Java is mostly dominated by production from ponds and has the opportunity to be developed when viewed from the productivity achieved at this time which is already quite high. The purpose of this study is to analyze the competitiveness profile of ponds aquaculture in the regency/city of West Java Province. The study was conducted in November 2020 – June 2021. The method used was a literature survey to determine the competitiveness of aquaculture in ponds in West Java Province. The data obtained in the form of primary data and secondary data were analyzed descriptively. Primary data in the form of expert opinions. Secondary data is in the form of aquaculture statistical data in ponds with the main indicators, namely human resources, facilities, facilities and infrastructure, production, and Science and Technology with time series data from 2004 – 2019 Department of Marine and Fisheries of West Java Province. The results showed that the competitiveness profile of aquaculture in ponds in 2019 in West Java Province with the first rank of very high competitiveness was occupied by Ciamis Regency because it was superior in human resources, facilities and infrastructure, and production, the second rank of high competitiveness is occupied by Bogor Regency because it was superior in production, the third rank of high competitiveness is occupied by Indramayu Regency because it was superior in production and the application of science and technology.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Excimer Light 308 nm Wavelength Versus Low Level Laser in Treatment of Alopecia Areata
Authors: Elnagar Rania Abdelfatah Ali , Nada Doaa Waseem , Hassan Arwa Mohammad , Hegab Doaa Salah
Published: August 2021

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a non-scaring alopecia which can affect any body hairy area. Excimer light 308 nm is a UVB irradiation with immunosuppressive effects. Low level light therapy (LLLT) emits low energy visible and infrared irradiation to modulate biological processes in cell. This study aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety  of excimer light 308 nm versus LLLT in treatment of AA.

Methods: Thirty patients with multilocular AA of the scalp were collected after excluding those with alopecia totalis, universalis, AA in other body sites than scalp, those with other systemic or dermatological diseases, those received topical therapy in the last 2 weeks or systemic therapy for AA in the last three months, pregnant and lactating females. Patients were distributed into two equal groups; group A was treated by excimer lamp and group B was treated by LLLT. Sessions were repeated twice weekly for 3 months and patients were followed for 3 months. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by severity of alopecia tool score (SALT score) and Dermoscopy; at baseline, at end of sessions and at follow up.

Results: A statistically significant improvement was detected in treated patches of both groups than control patches at end of sessions and only in group A at follow up. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups according to short vellus hair and regrowing hair at end of sessions and at follow up in dermoscopy. Side effects reported were minimal and transient in both groups.

Conclusion: Both excimer light and LLLT are safe and effective in treatment of AA. Apart from its relatively higher cost, Excimer light induced better and more sustained improvement than LLLT.
A Pilot Testing of the Effect of Guided Meditation on Anxiety, Depression and Sleep Quality among COVID-19 Patients Admitted in a Tertiary Care Facility
Authors: Chowdhary Devanshi , Dabas Suman , Vanita . , Joshi Poonam , Trikha Anjan
Published: August 2021

Hospitalization of COVID- 19 patients may lead to the development of varied levels of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances. The present study was conceptualized to investigate the effect of guided meditation on anxiety, depression, and sleep quality among the hospitalized Covid-19 patients in a tertiary care facility.

Materials and Methods: A total of 60 COVID-19 patients were conveniently enrolled and randomized to experimental (30) and control arms (30) using a computer-generated random table and opaque sealed envelope technique in a selected COVID unit of a tertiary care facility. The subjects were enrolled in accordance to the inclusion criteria.

Intervention: The guided meditation was an audio recording of Sri Sri Ravi Shankar of 20 minutes duration. The intervention was provided twice a day to the experimental group for consecutive 5 days. A close watch was kept on the vital signs of the subjects during the intervention using a pulse oximeter. At the same time, the control group continued to receive the standard routine care.

Results: There was a significant difference observed in the post-test anxiety and depression scores in the experiment and control groups (4.83±3.68 vs. 12.37±3.9 p=0.001 and 7.90±2.41 vs.12.67±2.65 p=0.001). A significant difference was also observed in the global sleep quality index (median (IQR)) in the experimental and control groups (11(9-14) vs. 15(10.75-17) p= 0.01).

Conclusion: The guided meditation was effective in improving the global sleep quality index and alleviating the anxiety and depression to great extent as compared to the standard routine care provided to COVID-19 patients admitted in a tertiary care facility.
PENYULUHAN KEAMANAN PANGAN PADA KEDAI KOPI DI SURABAYA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID - 19
Authors: Rahmah Latifahtur , Utomo Angeline Listiyani , Wibisono Go Fernando
Published: August 2021

Food industry personnel, including coffee shops, do not have the opportunity to work from home and are required to continue working at work as usual. By holding outreach on food safety keeping all workers in food production and supply chains healthy and safe is critical to surviving the current pandemic. Maintaining the movement of food along the food chain is an important function that needs to be contributed by all stakeholders along the food chain. The purpose of this community service is to increase knowledge or information about food safety for food or beverage handlers so that coffee shops are better prepared to deal with COVID-19 conditions. To facilitate the communication of counseling using poster, and divided the discussion of food safety into 4, namely: 1) food safety of producers; 2) food safety distributors; 3) food safety of consumers 4) Food safety of food production. After being given counseling, an evaluation was carried out by measuring employee knowledge using a comparison of pre-test and post-test questionnaires given through the google form. The results of the evaluation stated that all employees in the eight coffee shops had increased knowledge about food safety. Most of the employees felt that community service activities with counseling were useful for maintaining security in coffee shops so that they could make employees and customers feel safe and comfortable.
 
Abstrak: Insan industri makanan, termasuk kedai kopi, tidak memiliki kesempatan untuk bekerja dari rumah dan diharuskan untuk tetap bekerja di tempat kerja seperti biasa. Dengan mengadakan sosialisasi tentang keamanan pangan, menjaga semua pekerja dalam produksi pangan dan rantai pasokan tetap sehat dan aman sangat penting untuk bertahan dari pandemi saat ini. Menjaga pergerakan makanan di sepanjang rantai makanan merupakan fungsi penting yang perlu disumbangkan oleh semua pemangku kepentingan di sepanjang rantai makanan. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan atau informasi tentang keamanan pangan bagi penjamah makanan atau minuman sehingga warung kopi lebih siap menghadapi kondisi COVID-19. Untuk memudahkan komunikasi, penyuluhan menggunakan poster dan membagi pembahasan keamanan pangan menjadi 4, yaitu: 1) keamanan pangan produsen; 2) distributor keamanan pangan; 3) keamanan pangan konsumen 4) Keamanan pangan produksi pangan. Setelah diberikan penyuluhan, dilakukan evaluasi dengan mengukur pengetahuan karyawan menggunakan perbandingan kuesioner pre-test dan post-test yang diberikan melalui google form. Hasil evaluasi menyatakan bahwa seluruh karyawan di delapan kedai kopi tersebut mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan tentang keamanan pangan. Sebagian besar karyawan merasa kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dengan penyuluhan bermanfaat untuk menjaga keamanan di warung kopi sehingga dapat membuat karyawan dan pelanggan merasa aman dan nyaman.
PENGGUNAAN ALAT PERMAINAN EDUKASI (APE) KEUANGAN BAGI ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Wahyudi Raymond , Linawati Nanik
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, the shifting of technology and the internet that has an effect on changing consumption patterns, impacted social lifestyle, is a hedonic and leisure prioritize lifestyle. The lifestyle gives a negative impact to the behaviour of millennial generation especially to their consumption behaviour.  Parents and teachers have an important role to teach them early about financial education so they have prevention to the consumptive lifestyle. The Financial Mana­gement Programme of Petra Christian University has cooperated with some Early Childhood School and Kindergarten to teach the children about financial education using Education games. Financial education could easily be learned through education games so the children could understand about saving behaviour and spending wisely. The children responded positively to the lesson through education games. The parents and teacher could teach the children easily and efficiently about saving attitude and spending wisely using the education games.
 
Abstrak: Perubahan pola konsumsi yang disebabkan oleh kemajuan internet dan teknologi yang begitu pesat dibandingkan tahun-tahun sebelumnya berdampak pada gaya hidup masyarakat yaitu gaya hidup yang mengutamakan kemewahan dan kesenangan semata. Gaya hidup tersebut memberikan dampak negatif terutama pada perilaku konsumsi generasi milenial saat ini. Orang tua dan tenaga pendidik memiliki peran penting untuk memberikan edukasi keuangan sejak dini supaya perilaku konsumtif tersebut dapat dihindarkan. Program Manajemen Keuangan Universitas Kristen Petra mengadakan kegiatan pengabdian masya­rakat kepada PAUD dan TK yang telah bekerja sama untuk memberikan edukasi keuangan kepada anak-anak TK melalui penggunaan Alat Permainan Edukasi (APE) Keuangan yang dapat membantu anak-anak belajar mengenai tema menabung dan hidup hemat. Anak-anak TK memberikan respon yang baik terhadap pembelajaran melalui alat permainan tersebut. Para orang tua dan pendidik dapat menggunakan APE Keuangan untuk mengajar­­kan anak-anak mengenai kebiasaan menabung dan hidup hemat dengan mudah dan efisien.
Development of a Numerical Model Considering Active Tsunami Generation
Authors: Jung Taehwa , Hwang Sooncheol , Son Sangyoung
Published: August 2021

Seabed deformation due to the fault failure have both a spatial variation and temporal history. When the faulting process initiates at a certain point beneath seabed, the failure spreads out to neighboring points, resulting in temporal changes of deformation. In particular, such a process induces tsunami waves from the vertical motion of seabed. The uprising speed of seabed affects the formation of initial surface profile, eventually altering the arrival time and runup of tsunamis at the coast. In this work, we developed a numerical model that can simulate the generation and propagation of tsunami waves by considering the horizontal and vertical changes of seabed in an active and dynamic manner. For the verification of the model, it was applied to the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake in Japan and the results confirmed that the accuracy was improved compared to the existing passive and static model.
Ultrafast Electrochemical Growth of Lithiophilic Nano‐Flake Arrays for Stable Lithium Metal Anode
Authors: Shen Haorui , Qi Fulai , Li Hucheng , Tang Pei , Gao Xuning , Yang Shan , Hu Zichen , Li Zhuangnan , Tan Jun , Bai Shuo , Li Feng
Published: August 2021

Lithium dendrites caused by nonuniform Li+ flux leads to the capacity fade and short‐circuit hazard of lithium metal batteries. The solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is critical to the uniformity of Li+ flux. Here, an ultrafast preparation of uniform and vertical Cu7S4 nano‐flake arrays (Cu7S4 NFAs) on the Cu substrate is reported. These arrays can largely improve the lithiophilicity of the anode and form Li2S‐enriched SEI due to the electrochemical reduction of Cu7S4 NFAs with lithium. A further statistical analysis suggests that the SEI, with a higher content of Li2S, is more effective to inhibit the formation of lithium dendrites and yields less dead lithium. A quite stable coulombic efficiency of 98.6% can be maintained for 400 cycles at 1 mA cm–2. Furthermore, at negative to positive electrode capacity ratio of 1.5 (N/P = 1.5), the full battery of Li@Cu7S4 NFAs||S shows 83% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1 C, much higher than that of Li@Cu||S (33%). The findings demonstrate that high Li2S content in the SEI is crucial for the dendrite inhibition to achieve better electrochemical performance.
Highly Reversible Anion Redox of Manganese‐Based Cathode Material Realized by Electrochemical Ion Exchange for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yang Zhe , Zhong Jianjian , Feng Jiameng , Li Jianling , Kang Feiyu
Published: August 2021

Anion energy storage provides the possibility to achieve higher specific capacity in lithium‐ion battery cathode materials, but the problems of capacity attenuation, voltage degradation, and inconsistent redox behavior are still inevitable. In this paper, a novel O2‐type manganese‐based layered cathode material Lix[Li0.2Mn0.8]O2 with a ribbon superlattice structure is prepared by electrochemical ion exchange, which realizes the highly reversible redox of anions and excellent cycle performance. Through low‐voltage pre‐cycling treatment, the specific capacity of the material can reach 230 mAh g−1 without obvious voltage attenuation. During the electrochemical ion exchange, the precursor with P2 structure transforms into Lix[Li0.2Mn0.8]O2 with O2 structure through the slippage and shrink of adjacent slabs, and the special superlattice structure in Mn slab is still retained. Simultaneously, a certain degree of lattice mismatch and reversible distortion of the MnO6 octahedron occur. In addition, the anion redox catalyzes the formation of the solid electrolyte interface, stabilizing the electrode/electrolyte interface and inhibiting the dissolution of Mn. The mechanism of electrochemical ion exchange is systematically studied by comprehensive structural and electrochemical characterization, opening an attractive path for the realization of highly reversible anion redox.
En Route to Wide Area Emitting Organic Light‐Emitting Transistors for Intrinsic Drive‐Integrated Display Applications: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Ganesan Paramaguru , Tsao Hoi Nok , Gao Peng
Published: August 2021

Organic light‐emitting transistors (OLET) evolved from the fusion of the switching functionality of field‐effect transistors (FET) with the light‐emitting characteristics of organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) that can simplify the active‐matrix pixel device architecture and hence offer a promising pathway for future flat panel and flexible display technology. This review systematically analyzes the key device/molecular engineering tactics that assist in improving the electrode edge narrow emission to wide‐area emission for display applications via three different topics, that is, narrow to wide‐area emission, vertical architecture, and impact of high‐κ dielectric on the device performance. Source–drain electrode engineering such as symmetric/asymmetric, planar/non‐planar arrangement, semitransparent nature, multilayer approach comprising charge transport, and work function modification layers enable widening the emission zone. Vertical OLET architecture offers short channel lengths with a high aperture ratio, pixel type area emission, and stable light‐emitting area. Transistors utilizing high‐κ dielectric materials have assisted in lowering the operating voltage, enhancing luminance and air stability. The promising development in achieving wide‐area emission provides a solid basis for constructing OLET research toward display applications; however, it relies on developing highly luminescent and fast charge transporting materials, suitable semitransparent source/drain electrodes, high‐κ ‐dielectrics, and device architectural engineering.
Ultrathin and Ultralight Zn Micromesh‐Induced Spatial‐Selection Deposition for Flexible High‐Specific‐Energy Zn‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Huaizhi , Li Jinhao , Zhang Xianan , Liu Xiuxue , Yan Yu , Chen Fengjun , Zhang Guanhua , Duan Huigao
Published: August 2021

Ultraflexible and ultralight rechargeable aqueous Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs) with the merits of environmental benignity and high security arise as promising candidates for flexible electronic systems. Nowadays, the energy density and cyclical stability of ZIBs on metal‐based rigid substrates reach a satisfactory level, while the inflexible substrates severely prevent them from widespread commercial adoption in portable electronics. Although flexible substrates‐engineered devices burgeon, the development of flexible ZIBs with high specific energy still faces great challenges. Herein, a flexible ultrathin and ultralight Zn micromesh (thickness of 8 µm and areal density of 4.9 mg cm−2) with regularly aligned microholes is fabricated via combining photolithography with electrochemical machining. The unique microholes‐engineered Zn micromesh presents excellent flexibility, enhanced mechanical strength, and better wettability. Moreover, numerical simulations in COMSOL and in situ microscopic observation system certify the induced spatial‐selection deposition of Zn micromesh. Accordingly, aqueous ZIBs constructed with polyaniline‐intercalated vanadium oxide cathode and Zn micromesh anode demonstrate exceptional high‐rate capability (67.6% retention with 100 times current density expansion) and cyclical stability (maintaining 87.6% after 1000 cycles at 10.0 A g−1). Furthermore, the assembled pouch cell displays superb flexibility and durability under different scenarios, indicating great prospects in high‐energy ZIBs and flexible electronics.
Bilayered VOPO4⋅2H2O Nanosheets with High‐Concentration Oxygen Vacancies for High‐Performance Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wu Zeyi , Lu Chengjie , Ye Fei , Zhang Lin , Jiang Le , Liu Qiang , Dong Hongliang , Sun Zhengming , Hu Linfeng
Published: August 2021

2D materials with atomically precise thickness and tunable chemical composition hold promise for potential applications in nanoenergy. Herein, a bilayer‐structured VOPO4⋅2H2O (bilayer‐VOP) nanosheet is developed with high‐concentration oxygen vacancies ([Vo˙˙]) via a facile liquid‐exfoliation strategy. Galvanostatic intermittent titration technique study indicates a 6 orders of magnitude higher zinc‐ion coefficient in bilayer‐VOP nanosheets (4.6 × 10−7 cm−2 s−1) compared to the bulk counterpart. Assistant density functional theory (DFT) simulation indicates a remarkably enhanced electron conductivity with a reduced bandgap of ≈0.2 eV (bulk sample: 1.5 eV) along with an ultralow diffusion barrier of ≈0.08 eV (bulk sample: 0.13 eV) in bilayer‐VOP nanosheets, thus leading to superior diffusion kinetics and electrochemical performance. Mott–Schottky (impedance potential) measurement also demonstrates a great increase in electronic conductivity with ≈57‐fold increased carrier concentration owing to its high concentration [Vo˙˙]. Benefited by these unique features, the rechargeable zinc‐ion battery composed of bilayer‐VOP nanosheets cathode exhibits a remarkable capacity of 313.6 mAh g−1 (0.1 A g−1), an energy density of 301.4 Wh kg−1, and a prominent rate capability (168.7 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1).
Dilute Aqueous‐Aprotic Hybrid Electrolyte Enabling a Wide Electrochemical Window through Solvation Structure Engineering
Authors: Wu Shuilin , Su Bizhe , Sun Mingzi , Gu Shuai , Lu Zhouguang , Zhang Kaili , Yu Denis Y. W. , Huang Bolong , Wang Pengfei , Lee Chun‐Sing , Zhang Wenjun
Published: August 2021

The application of superconcentrated aqueous electrolytes has shown great potential in developing high‐voltage electrochemical double‐layer capacitors (EDLCs). However, the broadening of the electrochemical window of such superconcentrated electrolytes is at the expense of their high cost, low ionic conductivity, high density, and narrow operating temperature range. Herein, the electrochemical window of water (>3 V) at low salt concentration (3 m) is expanded by using an aprotic solvent, i.e., trimethyl phosphate (TMP), to regulate the solvation structure of the electrolyte. Benefiting from the low salt concentration, such electrolyte is simultaneously featured with high ionic conductivity, low density, and wide temperature compatibility. Based on the dilute hybrid electrolyte, EDLCs constructed by using porous graphene electrodes are able to operate within an enlarged voltage range of 0–2.4 V at a wide range of temperatures from −20 to 60 °C. They also present excellent rate capability and cycle stability, i.e., 83% capacitance retention after 100 000 cycles. Density functional theory calculations verify that TMP induces a significant electronic modulation for the bonding environment of the electrolyte. This enables the stronger binding of Na+–H2O with freely migrating TMP to expand the voltage window to exceed the potential limitation of aqueous electrolytes.
Vectorial Compound Metapixels for Arbitrary Nonorthogonal Polarization Steganography
Authors: Deng Zi‐Lan , Tu Qing‐An , Wang Yujie , Wang Zhi‐Qiang , Shi Tan , Feng Ziwei , Qiao Xiao‐Chen , Wang Guo Ping , Xiao Shumin , Li Xiangping
Published: August 2021

Malus’ law regulating the intensity of light when passed through a polarizer, forms the solid basis for image steganography based on orthogonal polarizations of light to convey hidden information without adverse perceptions, which underpins important practices in information encryptions, anti‐counterfeitings, and security labels. Unfortunately, the restriction to orthogonal states being taken for granted in the common perceptions fails to advance cryptoinformation to upgraded levels of security. By introducing a vectorial compound metapixel design, arbitrary nonorthogonal polarization multiplexing of independent grayscale images with high fidelity and strong concealment is demonstrated. The Jones matrix treatment of compound metapixels consisting of double atoms with tailored in‐plane orientation sum and difference allows point‐by‐point configuring of both the amplitude and polarization rotations of the output beam in an analytical and linear form. With this, both multiplexing two continuous grayscale images in arbitrary nonorthogonal polarization angles and concealing grayscale image on another in an arbitrary disclosure angle window are experimentally demonstrated in the visible TiO2 metasurface platform. The methods shed new light on multifarious metaoptics by harnessing the new degree of freedom and unlock the full potential of metasurface polarization optics.
Molecular Oligothiophene–Fullerene Dyad Reaching Over 5% Efficiency in Single‐Material Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Aubele Anna , He Yakun , Kraus Teresa , Li Ning , Mena‐Osteritz Elena , Weitz Paul , Heumüller Thomas , Zhang Kaicheng , Brabec Christoph J. , Bäuerle Peter
Published: August 2021

A novel donor–acceptor dyad, 4, in which the conjugated oligothiophene donor is covalently connected to fullerene PC71BM by a flexible alkyl ester linker, is synthesized and applied as photoactive layer in solution‐processed single‐material organic solar cells (SMOSCs). Excellent photovoltaic performance, including a high short‐circuit current density (JSC) of 13.56 mA cm−2, is achieved, leading to a power conversion efficiency of 5.34% in an inverted cell architecture, which is substantially increased compared to other molecular single materials. Furthermore, dyad 4‐based SMOSCs display excellent stability maintaining 96% of the initial performance after 750 h (one month) of continuous illumination and operation under simulated AM 1.5G irradiation. These results will strengthen the rational molecular design to further develop SMOSCs for potential industrial application.
A Topological Stitching Strategy for Biocompatible Wet Adhesion Using Mussel‐Inspired Polyurethane
Authors: Chen Buyun , Lei Kun , Zhu Dandan , Yang Chongchong , Sun Chengyuan , Xiao Wei , Zheng Zhen , Wang Xinling
Published: August 2021

The biomedical and surgical applications of hydrogels demand effective methods to adhere hydrogels to diverse substrates including living tissues. Here a mussel mimetic polyurethane as topological suture material for tough adhesion of hydrogels by introducing catechol moieties into polymer chains is presented. Solution of the stitching polyurethane can be injected onto the surface of a hydrogel, followed by diffusing spontaneously into the hydrogel, then get triggered by oxidant for in situ gelation. Oxidative cross‐linkage of catechol‐modified polyurethane after penetration into hydrogels or living tissues can establish enough covalently entangled networks to afford desired adhesion strength. The mussel mimetic polyurethane demonstrates excellent adhesion strength of hydrogels to versatile substrates including inorganics, polymers, and biomaterials, with no requirements for specific functional groups or chemical modification. The adhesion energy achieved by the topological stitching strategy can reach up to 350 J m−2. Moreover, the stitching polymer shows potential for debonding under the catalysis of elastase. This work will possibly become a promising strategy candidate for adhesion in wet environments.
Ultrastrong Spontaneous Surface Wetting of Room Temperature Liquid Metal on Treated Metal Surface
Authors: Lin Weiguang , Qiu Wangkang , Tuersun Yisimayili , Huang Xu , Chu Sheng
Published: August 2021

The low melting gallium‐based liquid metal (LM) is showing tremendous potential in many technologies due to its unique properties. However, the high surface tensions as well as oxidations result in poor wetting capability on most solid surfaces, which limits its practical application. In this work, a simple chemical method is utilized to enable spontaneous wetting of LM on various metal surfaces, such as copper, nickel, and iron. It is found that LM can spread rapidly on the metal substrates treated with CuCl2 solution through reactive‐wetting and metallic bond‐enabled wetting mechanism. The redox reaction between Ga and copper compound and the formation of intermetallic compound via LM phagocytosis help drive LM to wet metal substrates spontaneously. Many factors affecting the wetting behaviors of LM, including surface roughness, crystal size, and ambient environment, are systematically studied. This finding provides a novel strategy to solve the wetting problem of LM and will enable wider applications.
2D Organic Radical Conjugated Skeletons with Paramagnetic Behaviors
Authors: Li Hao , Zhang Weifeng , Xu Jie , Cai Le , Yu Zhiwei , Ma Tianbao , Zheng Yuanhui , Wang Liping , Yu Gui
Published: August 2021

2D conjugated polymers (2D CPs) with high crystallinity and proper bandgaps have attracted much attention. However, the development of magnetic 2D CPs still remains a challenge. It is urgently needed to develop graphene‐like 2D CPs with tunable structural properties under relatively mild reaction conditions. Herein, two 2D CPs (TAPA‐HKH and HAB‐HKH) with fused rings bridged by pyrazine are synthesized by reacting 2,3,7,8‐tetraaminephenazine (TAPA) and 1,2,3,4,5,6‐hexaaminebenzene (HAB) with hexaketocyclohexane octahydrate (HKH), respectively. Both the TAPA‐HKH and HAB‐HKH have nanoporous graphene‐like skeletons with unique N‐embedded zigzag edges. Moreover, few‐layer nanosheets of the 2D CPs are further obtained by liquid‐phase exfoliation. The magnetic properties and radical characteristics of the TAPA‐HKH and HAB‐HKH nanosheets are further studied by superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer and electron spin resonance spectroscopy, respectively. At 2 K, the saturation magnetizations of the TAPA‐HKH and HAB‐HKH nanosheets reach up to 0.30 and 0.10 emu g−1, respectively. In addition, TAPA‐HKH nanosheets even show a high localized spin magnetic moments of 12.4 μB in 1000 nitrogen atoms. The intrinsic magnetism of TAPA‐HKH and HAB‐HKH nanosheets can be attributed to the highly stable radicals, nanoporous structures, and N‐doped zigzag edges existing in their graphene‐like skeletons.
Green and Fire Resistant Nanocellulose/Hemicellulose/Clay Foams
Authors: Carosio Federico , Medina Lilian , Kochumalayil Joby , Berglund Lars A.
Published: August 2021

Lightweight polymer foams from synthetic polymers are commonly used in a wide‐spread spectrum of application fields. Their intrinsic flammability coupled with restrictions on flame retardant chemicals poses a severe threat to safety. Here, fire resistant foams comprising biobased components capable of replacing petroleum‐based foams are investigated. Cellulose nanofibers are combined with 2D montmorillonite nanoplatelets and a native xyloglucan hemicellulose binder, using a water‐based freeze casting approach. Due to the silicate nanoplatelets, these lightweight foams self‐extinguish the flame during flammability tests. The limiting oxygen index is as high as 31.5% and in the same range as the best fire‐retardant synthetic foams available. In cone calorimetry, the foams display extremely low combustion rates. Smoke release is near the detection limit of the instrument. In addition, the foams are withstanding the penetration of a flame torch focused on one side of the specimen (Ton surface 800 °C) and structural integrity is maintained. At the same time, the unexposed side is insulated, as demonstrated by a through‐thickness temperature drop of 680 °C cm−1. The results represent a tremendous opportunity for the development of fire‐safe foams combining excellent sustainability with multifunctional performance.
Mechanochemistry Enabled Construction of Isoxazole Skeleton via CuO Nanoparticles Catalyzed Intermolecular Dehydrohalogenative Annulation
Authors: Vadivelu Murugan , Sampath Sugirdha , Muthu Kesavan , Karthikeyan Kesavan , Praveen Chandrasekar
Published: August 2021

A dehydrohalogenative approach for isoxazole annulation by partnering β‐vinyl halides and α‐nitrocarbonyls under mechanochemical setting was accomplished. This chemistry is operative under the cooperative catalysis of cupric oxide nanoparticles (<50 nm) and DABCO. The key beneficial aspects of this protocol include: (i) broad substrate scope, (ii) no vigorous work‐up, (iii) short reaction time, (iv) solvent‐free condition, (v) commercial viability of substrates/reagents (vi) good chemical yields and selectivity. The other merit of this chemistry is the ease with which CuO can be recuperated and reused after the reaction with not much drop in catalytic activity for six runs. With no confinement to β‐vinyl halides, the validated condition is also open to alkynes for isoxazole preparation, thereby establishing the broader utility of the current methodology.

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3D Propulsions of Rod‐Shaped Micropropellers
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Tan Xiangkui , Li Xiying , Lv Pengyu , Huang Tian-Yun , Yang Jianying , Duan Huiling
Published: August 2021

Untethered, magnetically driven microrobots have great potential in practical applications such as minimally invasive surgery. Microrods, also known as “nanowires,” are the most commonly used type of structure for microrobots due to the easy fabrication and promising functions. Driven by a uniform rotating magnetic field, microrods can perform a 2D movement with the assistance of a boundary surface, which severely limits the application of microrods in 3D spaces. Herein, an asymmetric structural design is proposed to construct rod‐shaped micropropellers that can achieve a surface‐free 3D propulsion. A theoretical model is formulated based on resistive force theory to investigate the dynamics of micropropellers. It is theoretically demonstrated and experimentally verified that the magnetic micropropeller can realize not only a 3D propulsion, but also multimodal locomotion to adapt to the environment. The work provides guidance for the design and optimization of autonomous micropropellers.
Cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia patients: Correlations and prognostic impact
Authors: Krzisch Daphné , Guedes Nayara , Boccon‐Gibod Clémentine , Baron Marine , Bravetti Clotilde , Davi Frédéric , Armand Marine , Smagghe Luce , Caron Jonathan , Bernard Olivier A. , Susin Santos , Chapiro Elise , Leblond Véronique , Nguyen‐Khac Florence , Roos‐Weil Damien ,   on behalf the FILO (French Innovative Leukemia Organization) group
Published: August 2021

While Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is characterized by an almost unifying mutation in MYD88, clinical presentation at diagnosis and response to therapy can be widely different among WM patients. Current prognostic tools only partially address this clinical heterogeneity. Limited data compiling both molecular and cytogenetic information have been used in risk prognostication in WM. To investigate the clinical impact of genetic alterations in WM, we evaluated cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities by chromosome banding analyses, FISH and targeted NGS in a retrospective cohort of 239 WM patients, including 187 patients treated by first‐line chemotherapy or immunochemotherapy. Most frequent mutations were identified in MYD88 (93%), CXCR4 (29%), MLL2 (11%), ARID1A (8%), TP53 (8%), CD79A/B (6%), TBL1XR1 (4%) and SPI1 (4%). The median number of cytogenetic abnormalities was two (range, 0–22). Main cytogenetic abnormalities were 6q deletion (del6q) (27%), trisomy 4 (tri4) (12%), tri18 (11%), del13q (11%), tri12 (7.5%) and del17p (7%). Complex karyotype (CK) was observed in 15% (n = 31) of cases, including 5% (n = 12) of highly CK (high‐CK). TP53 abnormalities (TP53abn) were present in 15% of evaluable patients. TP53abn and del6q were associated with CK/high‐CK (p < .05). Fifty‐three percent of patients with hyperviscosity harbored CXCR4 mutations. Cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities did not significantly impact time to first treatment and response to therapy. Prognostic factors associated with shorter PFS were del6q (p = .01), TP53abn (p = .002) and high‐CK (p = .01). These same factors as well as IPSSWM, tri4, CXCR4 frameshift and SPI1 mutations were significantly associated with lower OS (p < .05). These results argue for integration of both cytogenetic and molecular screening in evaluation of first‐line WM patients.
Exploring the impacts of the COVID‐19 crisis for the employment prospects of refugees and people seeking asylum in Australia
Authors: Cooney‐O'Donoghue Diarmuid , Adamovic Mladen , Sojo Victor
Published: August 2021

As recent research indicates, refugees and people seeking asylum are suffering disproportionately from the COVID‐19 pandemic and have become more and more “shut out” and marginalised. An important pathway to integration and self‐reliance is sustainable employment. To explore the impacts of COVID‐19 on the employment prospects of refugees and people seeking asylum, we conducted 35 interviews with managers from Australian organisations that employ or assist refugees and asylum seekers in finding employment and 20 interviews with refugees and people seeking asylum. Our interviews indicate that the labour market has become more difficult for these groups in the COVID‐19 era due to (1) declines in job availabilities, (2) loss of jobs, (3) increased competition in the labour market and (4) increased discrimination and an “Australian first” mentality. Our interviews further suggest four strategies to improve employment prospects in the current situation: (1) pathways to permanent residency and citizenship for people seeking asylum; (2) access to healthcare and a financial safety net; (3) online training and education; and (4) social procurement.