bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial arrangement of maize plants aiming to maximize grain yield in the hybrid BRS-3046
Authors: Carvalho Marcus Willame Lopes , Bastos Edson Alves , Cardoso Milton José , Junior Aderson Soares de Andrade , Sousa Carlos Antônio Ferreira de
Published: January 2021

The objectives of this study were to: (i) evaluate the effect of different spatial arrangements on morpho-physiological characteristics and (ii) determine the optimal spatial arrangement to maximize grain yield of the maize hybrid BRS-3046 grown in the Mid-North region of Brazil. We tested two row spacings (0.5 and 1 m) and five plant densities (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 plants m-2), which corresponded to 10 different plant spatial arrangements. Different morphophysiological variables, gas exchange rates and grain yield were measured. The increased planting density led to a linear increase in LAI, regardless of row spacing, while the net CO2 assimilation rate increased until the density of 4 and 6 plants m-2, under a row spacing of 0.5 and 1.0 m, respectively. On the other hand, we found a linear reduction in the stomatal conductance with increasing planting density. The intercellular CO2 concentration and the transpiration rate were higher in the widest row spacing. The instantaneous efficiency of carboxylation, in turn, showed a slight increase up to the density of six plants m-2, then falling, regardless of row spacing. Increasing plant density resulted in a linear increase in plant height and ear insertion height, regardless of row spacing. However, it had an opposite effect on stem diameter. Grain yield, in turn, increased up to 7.3 plants m-2 at a row spacing of 0.5 m and 8 plants m-2 at a row spacing of 1.0 m. This spatial arrangement was considered as ideal for achieving maximum yield
Polish founders of veterinary education in Eastern Ukraine in the 19th and early 20th centuries: the 170th anniversary of the Kharkiv Veterinary College
Authors: ŻWANKO LUBOW , KIBKAŁO DMYTRO , PRYCHODKO TAMARA , PRYCHODKO JURIJ , BORODAJ IRYNA , BEZUGŁYJ MYKOŁA , SZCZERBAK OLENA
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the article is to outline the role of Kharkiv in creation of the veterinary education system in the south of the Russian Empire, to highlight the achievements of Polish scientists in that process, and to popularize the knowledge of this aspect of the Polish-Ukrainian history as an example of fruitful collaboration between Poles and Ukrainians during the period of statelessness of both nations. At the beginning of the 19th century, Kharkiv became one of the first cities of the Russian Empire where foundations of veterinary education were laid. A special department was formed at the university: the Veterinary School, which later became the Veterinary College and the Veterinary Institute. During the 19th and early 20th centuries Polish scientists created a system of veterinary education in Eastern Ukraine. The most important role was played by Karol Wiśniewski, the pioneer of veterinary education in Ukraine as a whole, Napoleon Halicki, the first and long-standing head of the Veterinary College, and Jerzy Poluta, one of the authors of the plan for its conversion into the Veterinary Institute. Considering their great services, the Polish scientists deserve to be remembered. Their memory is preserved by the Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy, the main research and educational centre in Eastern Ukraine and heir to the scientific traditions initiated in the 19th century.
Use of magnetic field in equine physiotherapy – preliminary study
Authors: JASTRZĘBSKA EWA
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to determine the efficacy of magnetic field therapy in equine rehabilitation and the use of thermography as a diagnostic tool providing visualisation of the healing progress. The material for the study was a 23-year-old Mur-Insulan mare used for many years as a horse for riding lessons. Magnetic field therapy was applied every second day for 60 minutes. During the survey, blood samples were taken three times. Thermograms were taken before and after each magnetic therapy sessions. Magnetic field therapy had no negative effects on the mare’s condition, which was supported by haematological blood samples analysis. Thermograms showed increased temperature within the examined front limbs and trunk. During the sessions, the mare was calm and relaxed, which indicates that the application of a magnetic field had a calming and soothing effect on the horse's body. The conclusion was that magnetic field therapy may improve regeneration, provides proper cell nutrition, faster bone symphysis, analgesia and could decrease swelling.
How art therapy supports development of self-consciousness
Authors:   Kursk State Medical University (KSMU), Azevedo Ge. , Filippovich Y. S. ,   Kursk State Medical University (KSMU)
Published: January 2021

As a therapeutic tool, art is a way to develop reflexive self-awareness. We suggest that to establish a link between art-therapy and the advancement of self-consciousness is a necessity taking into account that consciousness compounds of awareness of one’s body and one’s environment. Then we can regard self-awareness as recognition of consciousness. We suggest that a human body plays a key role in the process of conscious experience and that art can refine this process, increasing the awareness of self and others.
THE RESULTS OF APPROBATION OF THE PROGRAM OF CORRECTIONAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL SUPPORT FOR THE FORMATION OF SMALL MOTOR SKILLS IN PRIMARY SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH DISORDERS OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
Authors:   Kursk State Medical University (KSMU), Nedurueva T. V. , Sidash A. L. ,   Kursk State Medical University (KSMU), Uvarova L. F. ,   Public Health and Medical Prevention Center
Published: January 2021

The article presents the results of approbation of the program of correctional and developmental support for the formation of small motor skills in younger schoolchildren with disorders of the musculoskeletal system. The authors propose a set of measures for the complex impact on speech, mental functions, as well as their physical development.
Features of the educational process in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors:   Kursk State Medical University (KSMU), Shuteeva T. V.
Published: January 2021

At the moment, universities are faced with the task of training highly educated specialists [1]. The process of teaching medical students as high-class professionals is subject to corresponding requirements. In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, working conditions were defined at Kursk Medical University, implying an emphasis on the active introduction of distance learning into the pedagogical process (including to ensure the safety of the health of students and teachers, and the prevention of covid infection). Despite the specificity of distance education, which does not imply active face-to-face interaction “student-teacher-patient”, work experience has shown that distance learning for medical students can be actively used in the educational process as an alternative form of education in a pandemic and other emergency situations.
SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL STATE MONITORING FOR DETERMINING PENOSOLOGICAL HEALTH OF THE POPULATION USING ICT
Authors:   Fergana branch of the Tashkent Medical Academy, Abdumanonov A. A.
Published: January 2021

The article presents the development of a continuous functioning technology for remote automated monitoring of the socio-psychological state of the population to determine the prenosological level of individual health, which allows to optimize medical non-invasive mass examination of the population. Means of mobile communication, automated remote exchange of information, its accumulation and storage, as well as the attraction of medical knowledge, mathematical models and algorithms for the intellectual analysis of data on the socio-psychological state of the population - all these are effective mechanisms for ensuring health.
A filosofia da informação de Luciano Floridi como próte philosophía
Authors: Dietrich Gabriel
Published: January 2021

A revolução científica inaugurada com a obra de Turing implicou em profundas mudanças socioculturais que culminaram na atual situação histórica, a assim chamada “era da informação”. Como a própria expressão sugere, a informação, e também as tecnologias a ela associadas, encontra-se no centro de gravidade dessas mudanças. Recentemente, Luciano Floridi identificou neste processo revolucionário o contexto a partir do qual emergiu uma nova forma de reflexão filosófica, a filosofia da informação. O objetivo central deste trabalho consiste em apresentar em linhas gerais a filosofia da informação. Mais especificamente, o foco desta apresentação é posto em sua dimensão metafísica ou ontológica. Para tanto, o trabalho se divide em duas partes. Inicialmente, será caracterizado o quadro geral no interior do qual se deu o giro informacional e o processo de reontologização do mundo a ele associado, bem como também será apresentado o conjunto de questões por meio do qual se estabelece a agenda da filosofia da informação. De posse desta caracterização inicial serão introduzidos em linhas gerais os conceitos de informação semântica, a metodologia por níveis de abstração e a proposta de um realismo estrutural informacional, que constituem o núcleo dessa nova forma de reflexão filosófica qualificada por Floridi como próte philosophía.
A filologia segundo Erich Auerbach
Authors: Cardim Leandro
Published: January 2021

O trabalho do filólogo deve ser circunscrito entre arte e ciência, é isto que nos ensina a análise do método e do escopo da filologia de Auerbach. Para aprofundar isto, analisaremos o modo e o sentido através do qual este estudioso situa seu público no interior de uma determinada situação mundial. Depois da circunscrição do privilégio da filologia em meio às humanidades, apontaremos para a discussão em torno do perspectivismo. Em contraste com isto colocaremos em relevo o prejuízo que motiva o filólogo profissional a acreditar que apenas a palavra seria portadora de pensamentos e que ele seria um mediador privilegiado.
A teoria dos dois sistemas de Kahneman
Authors: Moroni Juliana , Pereira Junior Alfredo
Published: January 2021

A Teoria dos Dois Sistemas, proposta por Kahneman (2011), pressupõe que a tomada de decisão no contexto econômico se baseia em dois sistemas, um que é automático, intuitivo e principalmente inconsciente e outro reflexivo, racional e totalmente consciente. Consideramos a abordagem kahnemaniana incompleta na medida em que a concepção dos sistemas 1 e 2 não é suficiente para explicar os processos de tomada de decisão. Neste artigo, nosso desafio é mostrar que, diferentemente dos sistemas de Kahneman, a tomada de decisão está ancorada na percepção direta de affordances e é a base das escolhas conceituais, que envolvem experiências sensório-motoras advindas da reciprocidade entre agente e ambiente. Concluímos este artigo, argumentando que, diferentemente da concepção de sistema 1 kahnemaniano, na perspectiva ecológica, a tomada de decisão advém de experiências não conceituais, da percepção direta, não automática, sem envolver representações mentais e processamento de informações.
Estimating the Incidence of Conjunctivitis by Comparing the Frequency of Google Search Terms With Clinical Data: Retrospective Study
Authors: Kammrath Betancor Paola , Tizek Linda , Zink Alexander , Reinhard Thomas , Böhringer Daniel
Published: January 2021

Background

Infectious conjunctivitis is contagious and may lead to an outbreak. Prevention systems can help to avoid an outbreak.

Objective

We aimed to evaluate if Google search data on conjunctivitis and associated terms can be used to estimate the incidence and if the data can provide an estimation for outbreaks.

Methods

We obtained Google search data over 4 years for the German term for conjunctivitis (“Bindehautentzündung”) and 714 associated terms in 12 selected German cities and Germany as a whole using the Google AdWords Keyword Planner. The search volume from Freiburg was correlated with clinical data from the Freiburg emergency practice (Eye Center University of Freiburg).

Results

The search volume for the German term for conjunctivitis in Germany as a whole and in the 12 German cities showed a highly uniform seasonal pattern. Cross-correlation between the temporal search frequencies in Germany as a whole and the 12 selected cities was high without any lag. Cross-correlation of the search volume in Freiburg with the frequency of conjunctivitis (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems [ICD] code group “H10.-”) from the centralized ophthalmologic emergency practice in Freiburg revealed a considerable temporal association, with the emergency practice lagging behind the frequency. Additionally, Pearson correlation between the count of patients per month and the count of searches per month in Freiburg was statistically significant (P=.04).

Conclusions

We observed a close correlation between the Google search volume for the signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis and the frequency of patients with a congruent diagnosis in the Freiburg region. Regional deviations from the nationwide average search volume may therefore indicate a regional outbreak of infectious conjunctivitis.
A Novel Remote Follow-Up Tool Based on an Instant Messaging/Social Media App for the Management of Patients With Low Anterior Resection Syndrome: Pilot Prospective Self-Control Study
Authors: Liu Fan , Guo Peng , Su Xiangqian , Cui Ming , Jiang Jianlong , Wang Suo , Yu Zhouman , Zhou Runhe , Ye Yingjiang
Published: January 2021

Background

Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is a common functional disorder that develops after patients with rectal cancer undergo anal preservation surgery. Common approaches to assess the symptoms of patients with LARS are often complex and time-consuming. Instant messaging/social media has great application potential in LARS follow-up, but has been underdeveloped.

Objective

The aim of this study was to compare data between a novel instant messaging/social media follow-up system and a telephone interview in patients with LARS and to analyze the consistency of the instant messaging/social media platform.

Methods

Patients with R0 resectable rectal cancer who accepted several defecation function visits via the instant messaging/social media platform and agreed to a telephone interview after the operation using the same questionnaire including subjective questions and LARS scores were included. Differences between the 2 methods were analyzed in pairs and the diagnostic consistency of instant messaging/social media was calculated based on telephone interview results.

Results

In total, 21 questionnaires from 15 patients were included. The positive rates of defecation dissatisfaction, life restriction, and medication use were 10/21 (48%), 11/21 (52%), and 8/21 (38%) for telephone interview and 10/21 (48%), 13/21 (62%), and 5/21 (24%) for instant messaging/social media, respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed between instant messaging/social media and telephone interview in terms of total LARS score (mean 22.4 [SD 11.9] vs mean 24.7 [SD 10.7], P<.21) and LARS categories (Z=–0.264, P=.79); however, instant messaging/social media showed a more negative tendency. The kappa values of 3 subjective questions were 0.618, 0.430, and 0.674, respectively. The total LARS scores were consistent between both groups (Pearson coefficient 0.760, P<.001; category correlation coefficient 0.570, P=.005). Patients with major LARS had highly consistent results, with sensitivity, specificity, kappa value, and P value of 77.8%, 91.7%, 0.704, and .001, respectively.

Conclusions

Instant messaging/social media can be a major LARS screening method. However, further research on information accuracy and user acceptance is needed before implementing a mature system.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03009747; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03009747
Do CRP Levels Predict Severity in COVID-19 Hospitalized Egyptian Patients?
Authors: Fouad Shaimaa , Allam Mohamed , Taha Sara , Okba Ahmed , Roman Sylvia , Hosny Amr , Moneer Mayada
Published: February 2021

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has affected countless
countries all over the world with rapidly increasing case fatality
reports and a highly variable clinical course. Since the evolution of
the clinical condition of these patients is difficult to forecast, early
identification of prognostic indicators is an essential foundation to
regulate treatment plans and promptly identify the severity of patients’
conditions. Aim: To assess the correlation between CRP level on
admission with the severity of the COVID-19, the risk for ICU admission
and the findings in CT chest Method A retrospective cohort study where
the clinical data of 276 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19
infection were collected from El Obour Ain Shams University Specialized
Hospital for Isolation records on admission from April 10, 2020 till
July 30, 2020. Results Fever was the most common presenting symptom
(total number 135; 41.7%), followed by cough (total number 133;
41.2%). High CRP levels were predictive of higher COVID-19 severity and
ICU admission (p=0.000). Likewise, CRP levels were higher in patients
with more chest affection as denoted by the CT chest findings (p=0.000).
Conclusion Serum CRP is a simple and effective prognosticator which
casts light on potentially critical patients. Consequently, it can be
used to reduce the mortality of patients. Keywords: COVID-19, Hospital,
CRP, ICU, severity.
Needs, problems and competencies of school principals in Serbia
Authors: Teodorovic Jelena , Sevkusic Slavica , Dzinovic Vladimir , Malinic Dusica
Published: February 2021

Educational leadership has an impact on school climate, teachers? practices
and student outcomes. Having in mind its importance, in this paper we wanted
to examine the barriers that school principals in Serbia face in their
everyday work, solutions that they propose, leadership tasks that they deem
important, as well as those competencies which they feel they need to
improve. To those ends we conducted a mixed-method study in which 107
principals, teachers, school counsellors, and representatives of school
authorities participated in focus groups and interviews, and 200 elementary
and high school principals responded to a questionnaire about leadership.
Our findings indicate a myriad of barriers, predominantly related to
ineffective education policies, imprecise legislation, unprofessional
behaviour of teachers and principals and problematic relationship with
parents. We also found that the principals felt that they needed to greatly
improve their competencies from all six areas of the Standards of the
competencies of principals of educational institutions. The paper offers
recommendations to policy makers about the needed improvements.
Modern learning approaches in higher education: A review of the literature
Authors: Sattarova Ulkar , Groot Wim , Arsenijevic Jelena
Published: February 2021

This paper provides a review of the literature on the evaluation of two
learning approaches in higher education: problem-based learning (PBL) and
student-centred learning (SCL). We were interested in dissemination of
these learning approaches in higher education in both developing and
developed countries. We identified 47 experimental and quasi-experimental
studies published before March 2020, from medical, engineering and other
fields of higher education. Historically PBL has been mostly applied in
medical, health and related disciplines. Over the years, PBL and SCL have
been successfully applied in other disciplines as well. Articles on
university policy-making and historical-analytical ones are included too.
Around 70% of the articles have an experimental design. Sample sizes range
from 15 to 1404 persons, including both students and tutors. Most of the
studies report positive outcomes. We aimed to show whether PBL and SCL can
be effectively applied in engineering and other fields worldwide (in both
developing and developed countries), as many polytechnic and engineering
universities are debating concerning new learning approaches. It is evident
from the articles in the review that these approaches need to be adapted
depending on the field of education and the initial conditions (evaluation
rules, level of familiarisation with these approaches of students) in the
university. Besides, most authors are interested in the modernisation of
these approaches.
Non-permanent english teachers’ resilience in constructing professional identity in the remote areas of South Sulawesi
Authors: Upa Yunika , Mbato Concilianus Laos
Published: January 2021

Being a non-permanent English teacher in a remote area is not easy. The non-permanent teachers have to face many challenges. Without having resilience, the teachers can not survive to teach in the area. This study investigated the factors that influenced the resilience of the non-permanent English teachers in building a professional identity in the remote areas of South Sulawesi. The mixed-method explanatory sequential experimental design was used by involving non-permanent English teachers at five schools in the remote area of Tana Toraja, South Sulawesi Province. The RSA Scale questionnaire and interview were used to find out what factors influenced teachers’ resilience. The results showed that the challenges faced by non-permanent English teachers made them resilient teachers. Personal resources and contextual resources seemed to play a major role in their growth of resilience. The high resilience of teachers shapes their professional identity, which makes them stay afloat and think that teaching is their calling. This study suggests implications for the education of policymakers and the government in Indonesia, and also for future researchers who are interested in a similar topic may conduct further studies with a broader context
Penilaian Risiko Ergonomi dalam Kegiatan Pemungutan Getah Pinus: Analisis Postur Kerja Statis (Ergonomics Risk Assessment in Pine Resin Harvesting: A Static Postural Analysis)
Authors: Yovi Efi Yuliati , Fauzi Ahmad
Published: January 2021

Pine resin is one of the non-timber forest products commodity that has excellent prospects. Pine resin harvesting is generally divided into two main activities: tapping and collecting works. Collecting activity that is commonly done under manual technique is classified as manual material handling that can trigger musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This work posture study offers an overview of MSDs disruption level faced by workers. Therefore, the proper corrective action can be taken. Motion sequences in selected work cycles were captured by using the Kinovea software. Work posture analysis was performed by a combination of the natural range of motion (SAG), Rapid Upper-Limb Assessment (RULA), and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). SAG analysis shows that the body’s parts having a high probability of being injured are the back and shoulders. Work posture analysis using RULA and REBA verified that bending or half bending may cause MSDs. The ergonomics risk in these positions might be higher due to the influence of load and repetitive factors. Reducing the posture of bending/half bending, reducing the weight of the resin bucket, and taking a short break/rest in between work activities should be considered as potential strategies in reducing the ergonomics risks that may occur during the resin collection work.  Keywords: forestry workers, musculoskeletal disorders, non-timber forest products, oleoresin, natural range of motion
Tree Health Management Strategy in Cianjur Urban Forest
Authors: Salsabila Religiana , Hariyadi Hariyadi , Santoso Nyoto
Published: January 2021

Urban forests have a high intensity of exposure from external factors such as air pollution and human activity disturbances. As a result, fallen trees and tree defects often occurred and can endanger the people around the city. This study aimed to assess tree health in Cianjur Urban Forest and formulate tree health management strategies. The tree health assessment used the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) method. The management strategy was formulated using the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) Matrix and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). Tree sampling using FHM plots determined about 534 trees from 30 species. The results showed that Cianjur Urban Forest had high land productivity and biodiversity. The canopy condition was 86.41% in good condition. The results revealed that 92.70%, 5.34%, 1.31%, and 0.56% of the trees were in healthy, lightly, moderately, and heavily damaged conditions, respectively. The tree species that suffered the most damage was Acacia denticulosa. The most types of tree damage were leaf damage and rotten wood. Cianjur Urban Forest benefits the community as a place for natural tourism, sports, education, and expand job opportunities. However, the management of Cianjur Urban Forest has not been implemented effectively. There are three priority strategies to improve tree health management in Cianjur Urban Forest, i.e., conducting the assessment, evaluation, and action on damaged trees, community cooperation, institutional strengthening development programs, and optimizing collaboration and government commitment with managers.Keywords: Forest Health Monitoring, SWOT analysis, QSPM matrix, urban forest
Pemilihan rute jalan tol menggunakan model pilihan diskrit dari pengguna
Authors: Susanto Darmawan Adi , Purba Aleksander , Niken Chatarina
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan model pilihan rute yang dapat menjelaskan probabilitas pengguna jalan memilih jalan tol, dan untuk memperkirakan sensitivitas pilihan rute jika terjadi perubahan pada atributnya. Kuisioner stated preference digunakan sebagai media untuk mendapatkan data primer. Kuisioner ini ditujukan kepada pengguna kendaraan golongan I pada jalan tol Terbanggi Besar – Pematang Panggang. Formulir survei didesain menjadi dua bagian yang berisi data karakteristik responden dan data preferensi responden dengan empat level pilihan dari dua variabel bebas: kenaikan tarif tol dan penghematan waktu tempuh. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisa dengan model logit binomial untuk mendapatkan model regresi linear selisih utilitasnya. Dalam model juga dimasukkan faktor karakteristik tingkat pendapatan responden. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa atribut yang paling sensitif mempengaruhi model pilihan rute adalah penghematan waktu tempuh.
Propose Business Strategy for Coffee Shop in Indonesia (XYZ Company)
Authors: Pramagista Aditia , Wandebori Harimukti
Published: January 2021

Indonesia is one of the most potential markets for entrepreneurs who want to enter the coffee shop industry. The phenomenon of coffee as one of the local wisdoms in Indonesia has encouraged XYZ to have a vision of promoting the uniqueness of Indonesian coffee. However, XYZ ran into various hurdles to keep his business. XYZ’s performance from early 2018 to early 2020 experienced fluctuating conditions and in early 2020 experienced a drastic decline due to the effects of COVID-19. Then in mid-2020, the company started to improve its strategy in dealing with the impact of the pandemic. Currently, XYZ has one store in Tebet, South Jakarta.

This study aims to assist the XYZ team in improving sales performance, especially in marketing strategies. In identifying external problems, this study uses general environmental analysis, industrial environmental analysis and competitor analysis. In identifying internal problems, this study uses resource analysis, value chain analysis, marketing mix analysis and competitor exploration. Furthermore, this study uses a qualitative approach that collects data from interviews with 15 customers as respondents. The respondents who were interviewed had the aim of capturing customer values and XYZ's ability to fulfill customer values. Interviews were also conducted due to changes in conditions caused by the pandemic which are likely to have an impact on customer value.

Based on the analysis and determination of the direction of corporate strategy, this study finds that the company's situation is at the stage of growth and diversification. At this stage, XYZ needs to prioritize the target market according to its potential. In addition, this study also suggests XYZ to implement a diversification strategy in marketing activities. Finally, this study also uses the TOWS matrix as the main tool for developing marketing activities. In conclusion, this study proposes a strategy map, schedule, activity time and cost estimation as an implementation plan.
Synthesis and Characterization of the Structure of Diethyl [(4-{(1H-Benzo[d]Imidazol-1-yl)Methyl}-1H-1,2,3-Triazol-1-yl)(Benzamido)Methyl]Phosphonate Using 1D and 2D NMR Experiments
Authors: Serigne Abdou Khadir F. , Boukhssas S. , Achamlale S. , Aouine Y. , Nakkabi A. , Faraj H. , Alami A.
Published: January 2021

The biheterocyclic derivative of the phosphonic glycine analogue is prepared selectively by reaction between the α-azidoamino diethyl methylphosphonate and the 1-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole. The dipolar -1,3 cycloaddition reaction using Click Chemistry was carried out in a solvent water/ethanol mixture in a ratio of 1:1. Copper sulphate pentahydrate and sodium ascorbate are used in the reaction in catalytic amounts. The compound [diethyl [{4-[(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl]-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl}(benzamido) methyl] phosphonate was isolated pure as a white powder, after chromatography on a silica gel column (ethyl acetate/hexane acetate: 1/1). The yield of pure product is 90%, after recrystallization in an ether/hexane mixture. The structure of the -1,4 isomer is attributed to the compound obtained by means of 1D and 2D NMR and based on data from the literature concerning the cycloaddition reaction via Click Chemistry. Two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy played a major role. The analysis of the different correlations between adjacent hydrogens and carbons, and also between hydrogens and distant carbons, confirmed the proposed structure.
Remote Monitoring Technology for COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Kanade Prakash , Akhtar Monis , David Fortune
Published: January 2021

Human beings have adapted to a new way of life, from an open society to a closed world. Covid19 has brought many changes to the way people live, social distance and minimal to no contact are our goals. This could have been impossible if we were not surrounded by technology. This Perspective offers a context for the implementation of Remote Technologies, demonstrating the forms in which pandemic preparation, monitoring, research, tracking, and Health Care Technologies are effectively implemented. Our research is focused on providing a solution for handling patients at health facilities with the help of remote technologies keeping in mind the importance of social distancing and minimum to no contact to minimize the spread of the virus. The strategy is to identify the two fronts where contact with a patient is to be made. The first front is the point at which a patient needs to be detected and classified as a potential risk, at this stage the technology needs to identify the patient's symptoms, gather relevant data, and help doctors build a portfolio. The second front is where an admitted patient needs to be monitored and taken care of with regular check-ups, the technology should also take good of the patient’s mental health. The paper proposes a solution to device remote technologies that could prove beneficial in the fight against the deadly coronavirus.
E-Notice Board (ENB) for the Faculty Community
Authors: Omeje Kingsley N. , Osuagwu Henry O. , Ugwu Chimezie F.
Published: January 2021

This research work developed Electronic Notice Board (ENB) for the faculty community. The purpose is to upgrade the already existing manual method of information dissemination, so as to improve the administrative work of the faculty, and to create an enabling environment for more efficient and friendly means of information delivery. It will improve the rate at which staff and students participate in faculty events and activities. The conventional notice board is one of the oldest methods used in information delivery and announcements to students. Students go to where the notice board is mounted in other to read updates or announcements. Use of wall notice board in every place is a tedious work since it needs to be updated regularly and with correct and right information manually. Few of the problems that necessitated the need for ENB are; inadequate time to read all the relevant information pasted newly on a notice board as a result of tight schedule since the copies are limited. Limited time-lag of newly pasted notice since people mutilate, remove or destroy the paper notices from the board leaving others uninformed. Some of the objectives are to enable individuals to view the update from their various devices from any location. To enable instant update to all users since notice is online. To allow individuals download and store copies of original information intact. Generally, it looks at the existing faculty notice boards, building a system that makes it run by the internet access or by local area network (LAN) so as to increase the rate at which relevant information is being disseminated to the faculty community with no location restriction. The user is kept updated each time the E-Notice Board is updated based on their categories through an SMS alert. This system intends to simplify and improve the University faculties to perform their daily activities since most of the school organs uses computerized system. This research work was designed using Object Oriented Analysis and Design Methodology (OOADM) and implemented using Hypertext Pre-Processor (PHP), Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), Bootstrap, Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) as front-end and My Structural Query Language (MYSQL) database as back-end.
Securing Library and Information Resources: The Situation in Two State University Libraries in Cameroon
Authors: Shafack Rosemary M.
Published: January 2021

Information services such as the library, under normal international standards should consider safety and security of its infrastructure and resources (human resources inclusive) as part of its workflow. Information is expanding and covering untold grounds every day and information bearing facilities are equally being transformed with the help of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) whose evolution seem to know no bounds. This trend is not only changing the role of the Library and Information Professional but urging this professional to ensure the security of access to the information resources platform. Thus it is not only worthwhile to collect, organize and make accessible information resources but it is equally important to secure these resources to last long and prevent unauthorized and unethical access. This therefore calls for a carefully developed security policy for every information service that can be updated as knowledge expands and the ICT platform continue to expand and evolve. Such a policy should be well thought out to cover all the forms information takes and include, print, electronic and graphics. It should equally include securing the human resources implicated in the running and using of the Library services. This paper is an investigation of the challenges faced in securing information resources in public university libraries in Anglophone Cameroon. The research design used for the study is a survey with data collecting instruments made of a questionnaire and an interview guide from library staff and library administrators respectively. Three main research questions were coined for the study having as thrust the following: security challenges faced, security policies put in place to secure library resources and difficulties libraries face in providing appropriate security and how these difficulties could be solved. The analysis of the data collected was done by a simple calculation of the percentages of the responses of the respondents to determine the threats and the extent of each threat. Academic libraries have been plagued with security issues for a long time. It is difficult to replace materials that are under security threats in libraries. Theft, mutilation and unauthorised access to libraries and their resources constitute serious problems which affect users. It is important that libraries with physical security systems reinforce these systems with electronic security systems. More effort is needed to properly train and encourage staff to be security conscious and to take the necessary precautionary measures. It is anticipated that if the right measures are put in place to resolve library security issues, libraries would be able to better protect their resources and render better services.
Relationship between School Principals’ Distributed Leadership Style and Teachers’ Organizational Commitment in Public Secondary Schools in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Mbonu Victoria Chimezie , Azuji Ifeanyi Mathew
Published: January 2021

This study investigated the relationship between school principals’ distributed leadership style and teachers‟ organizational commitment in public secondary schools in Anambra State, Nigeria. Three research questions guided the study while one null hypothesis was tested at a 0.05 level of significance. Correlational research design was used in conducting the study. The sample comprised of 1,105 teachers. Two research instruments, namely; Leadership Density Inventory (LDI) (Smith, Ross, and Robichaux, 2004) and Organisational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) were used for data collection. The reliability coefficient value of the instruments is as follows; r = 0.85 for LDI and 0.73 for CDQ. Copies of the instruments were distributed by the researchers through direct delivery to the respondents. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to answer the research question, while a t-test of significance of relationship was used in testing the null hypothesis. The findings of the study showed, among others, that there is a significant low positive relationship between the distributed leadership style of Secondary school principals in Anambra State and the teacher’s commitment to the organisation. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that increased knowledge of the relationship between distributed leadership and teacher commitment should be applied by the school management commission in order to equip principals and other school leaders.
The ST(R)E(A)M Methodology in Kindergarten: A Teaching Proposal for Exploratory and Discovery Learning
Authors: Foti Paraskevi Efstratiou
Published: January 2021

This paper attempts to present a proposal to teach the natural concepts of hydrodynamics under the ST(R)E(A)M approach. This is a comprehensive teaching proposal for pre-school teachers, with the possibility of implementation in each class, which helps the teacher to enrich his teaching with activities from science, technology, reading and writing, engineering and mathematics, promoting active participation, critical thinking, collaboration, creativity and developing skills necessary for tomorrow's citizens.
Accomplishments of Tea Research in Uganda in the Year 2019
Authors: Kawooya Ronald
Published: January 2021

Tea is Uganda’s third most important export earner and oscillates between coffee and fish. The current production in the country is 59,000 tonnes of made tea per year, earning 104 million United States Dollars to the Uganda’s economy. Despite its importance to Uganda, the tea sector is faced with a number of constraints that include rising production costs, age of tea bushes, high overhead costs, poor agronomic agricultural practices, pests and diseases, low genetic potential, poor seed system, low labour productivity,and climate change. Since the collapse of Tea Research Institute of East Africa, tea research in Uganda has been dormant for three decades, due to limitations in tea experts, finance, and infrastructure. This review paper highlights the current tea research accomplishments made with the help of government of Uganda Agricultural Technology and Agribusiness Advisory Service (ATAAS) funding. These endeavors include: a) Genetic structure of tea diversity in Uganda has been determined, b) Characterization of tea clones with desirable attributes initiated, c) Soil nutrient up take of tea clones has been determined, d) Screening tea clones for resistance to Xylaria and Armillaria diseases and e) Tea dissemination material accomplished. This paper further spells out the future perspective and strategic intervention of tea research in Uganda.
Using Remote Sensing in Monitoring the Urban Green Spaces: A Case Study in Qorveh, Iran
Authors: Lotfata Aynaz
Published: January 2021

Urban green spaces are important to the physical activity, mental wellbeing, and health of urban residents. In medium-sized cities in Iran, urban green spaces have been ignored during the past decades. In this study, remote sensing and geographic information system was used to investigate the green space distribution in the built-up areas. Accordingly, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) were used to estimate urban green spaces distribution within the urban landscapes to measure the urban land use effect. The geospatial analysis results presented a lack of green spaces in built-up areas. Also, 16.8% of the total area of Qorveh city is considered as a dysfunctional urban fabric that 39.4% of the city’s population live in this area. This study highlighted the usage of green space index with geospatial analyses in illustrating the urban green spaces’ importance for planning. For the future urban land development scenarios, this approach could be used linking with regional planning approaches.
Topic Modelling Extraction of “Mann Ki Baat”
Authors: Kandukuri Mounika , V.V. HaraGopal
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to give an insight about Textual Data analytics and its application in the analysis of unique public relations campaign”Mann Ki Baat” that was initiated by incumbent Prime Minister of India,honourable “Mr.Narendra Modi” which was initially aired on All India Radio Programme on Vijaya Dashami on October 3rd , 2014 followed by second on November 2nd, 2014 of the same year till December 2019. In this paper, an analytical framework is designed using a powerful technique of textual data analytics “Topic Modelling based on LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation)” to accomplish the study. The proposed framework is applied to the corpus of 60 episodes(October 2014 to December 2019) of Mann ki Baat gathered from PMindia website and  was analyzed in greater detail. The terms used frequently and recurrence of the topics spoken in his popular monthly radio address  program were determined and analyzed from both in statistical and dynamic perspectives.In this context the present study is a first approach of application under the conventional technique “topic modelling” on Mann Ki Baat.Further, this is the principal endeavour to excerpt the themes discussed in radio programme using statistical modelling.
Viability of SARS-CoV-2 and Sanitization Methods
Authors: Shervani Zameer , Khan Intazam , Siddiqui Noha Yamin , Khan Tooba , Qazi Umair Yaqub
Published: January 2021

Aerosol transmitted COVID-19 virus (SARS-CoV-2) is infectious causing both symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. The viable COVID-19 virus transmission via air has occurred. Therefore, methods must be established to determine the viability of the virus and to disinfect it in air, surfaces, and on foodstuff. In this review article, we have discussed the pattern virus spread in bus, hospital, and cruise ship. The methods of reducing and eliminating the infection in household and public places have been suggested. The safety, efficacy, and phase 3 trials data published by major vaccine candidates Russian Gamaleya’s “Sputnik V”, Oxford University –AstraZeneca, CanSino Biologics, and Moderna Therapeutics have been included. The article is very useful to stop the COVID-19 pandemic spread and finally ending the pandemic.
Cloud Implementation to Assist Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages in HEI’s in Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Zameer Bhat Anjum , Singh Baldev , Fadhil Mohsin Teba
Published: January 2021

Cloud Computing has been implemented in diverse fields and sector, including education sector with a very good success rate. The cloud deployments enhance the learning experience and provisions appropriate IT resources critical for a specific learning environment. This research study exploits a service model to deliver appropriate learning resources to foundation students and teachers that otherwise is not available with the current cloud service architectures. Language should not be a barrier to learning, teaching subjects in English to those who are not native English speakers, most of the times is a challenging job especially in circumstances where the English Language is introduced late in the school academic curriculum. There are several challenges faced by students, and teachers. Several mechanisms have been suggested and adopted to deal with such situations so that student learning experience is not affected in a significant manner, and at the same time, teachers are also not facing problems while explaining concepts or topics to students. This research paper is a study on helping teachers and students in these situations by providing cloud-based knowledge base related to TESOL (Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages), repositories, and apps that may help and assist teacher and students.
The Role of Problem Based Learning in Engaging and Empowering Omani EAP Learners: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Amena Moin
Published: January 2021

Problem Based Learning (PBL) is used in various fields of study. However, there is a dearth of use of PBL and its relevance in English Language Teaching (ELT). Thus, this exploratory study focusses on the use, relevance and implementation of PBL in ELT. It describes how PBL empowers English for Academic Purposes (EAP) learners by engaging them in real-world issues. The insights gained from self- classroom observations of the teacher-researcher were integrated with insights obtained through extensive literature review. This study was done over eight semesters with around 300 students in each semester. The study showed that in English for Business 1(an EAP course), PBL fosters self-directed learning as the students make choices and take decisions about current economic problems in accomplishing the various milestones of the process throughout the semester. It also showed that EAP learners can take charge of their learning and make their connections with authentic business material. The study further showed that the use of PBL approach in English for Business 1 course helped learners reﬂect on the way they had learnt, improved their research skills, gave the confidence to do teamwork, helped them identify relevant research tools and inculcated self-management and time management skills in them. The study, thus, showed that the use of PBL encourages active learning and makes EAP learners become responsible for their learning as they indulge in reflective critical thinking about what is being learned, which in turn makes them life-long learners. The study makes several recommendations for an effective PBL class, including allowing students to choose their groups, providing feedback at the right time, encouraging the use of reflective journals, etc.