bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Air dalam Perspektif Agama dan Budaya
Authors: Djamaluddin Muhamad , Kartimi Kartimi , Rahtikawati Yayan
Published: December 2024

Water is a fundamental element that has a multifaceted role in human life, not only as a biological need, but also as a profound spiritual and cultural symbol. This article examines the meaning, function, and symbolism of water from a religious and cultural perspective, highlighting its important role in shaping human relationships with God, others, and the environment. In various religious traditions, water is considered a sacred element that functions as a medium of purification, a symbol of life, and spiritual renewal. In Islam, water is used in the rituals of ablution and tayammum as a means of purification before worship, while in Christianity, water has an important meaning in the sacrament of baptism as a symbol of forgiveness of sins and new birth. Hinduism and Buddhism also use water in purification and meditation ceremonies as a symbol of cleansing the soul and connecting with cosmic energy. From a cultural perspective, water is often positioned as the center of community life. Indigenous peoples in various parts of the world view water as a living entity that has a soul and must be respected. Local traditions, such as traditional ceremonies related to water, show a deep respect for the existence of water as a guarantor of survival. In Javanese culture, for example, the siraman ritual is one of the traditions that uses water as a symbol of purity and prayer for blessings. On the other hand, Balinese people practice melukat, a ritual of self-purification using holy water to remove negative energy. The research method used in this article is a qualitative approach with literature analysis from various sources of religion, anthropology, and cultural ethnography. The results of the study show that water not only has a physical role as a source of life, but also becomes a medium of spiritual unification and a symbol of harmony between humans, nature, and the Creator.
Pengembangan Keterampilan Santri dalam Pembuatan Produk Makanan
Authors: Kristanti Atik Dwi , Suwaidi Rahman Amrullah
Published: December 2024

Al-Itqon Tahfidzul Qur’an Islamic Boarding School, located in Jombang, East Java, has taken on an important role not only as a center for religious education but also as a driver of local economic development. The boarding school has attempted to integrate educational values ​​with economic initiatives, particularly through the processing and marketing of tuna floss, a local product with great potential but not yet fully marketed. The main obstacles faced include lack of knowledge in product and production, limited market access, and insufficient production capacity. In order to overcome these challenges, this community service activity focused on developing innovative branding strategies and increasing business management capacity for students and the local community. This service program implemented a series of interactive and inclusive methods, including SWOT analysis, intensive training, and socialization sessions designed to facilitate community involvement. The main goal was to not only increase the appeal of the product but also integrate Islamic values ​​into sustainable business practices. The results of this program showed significant increases in production capacity and market access, which positively impacted the income of local producers and created new job opportunities. The implementation of effective digital marketing techniques strengthens the economic independence of Islamic boarding schools and communities, and supports sustainable economic development in other Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia. The Tahfidzul Qur'an Al-Itqon Islamic Boarding School demonstrates the role of Religious Education Institutions in inclusive socio-economic growth.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Subjective Well-Being Pada Guru SD: Studi Literatur Review
Authors: Imas Kristiyana Yosi , Nurhattati Nurhattati , Kamaludin Kamaludin
Published: December 2024

There are a lot of teachers in Indonesia who still get different incomes due to their various levels or status. In Indonesia, we call it a “honorer” teacher. Having many “honorer” teachers, makes the government should be more attentive in giving the payment as it will increase the subjective well-being of teachers. This research aims to find out some factors that influence the subjective well-being of teachers. Some studies found that the level of subjective well-being in teachers in Indonesia is at a medium to high level. Subjective well-being is an important part of the teacher in doing their professional jobs. This research finds out that support from family, spirituality, collaborative environment, trust, and opportunities are some factors that could influence the subjective well-being of teachers
Probiotic properties of Limosilactobacillus fermentum strain TPGMS1 isolated from gut microflora of Tai-Phake community of Assam
Authors: Sarmah Minakshee , Deka Manab
Published: December 2024

Probiotics confer health benefits in the host, such as antimicrobial activity, immune system modulation, reduce  metabolic disorder and enhance anticancer activity. Most probiotic microorganisms belong to the Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) group. Human gut is a WHO/FAO recommended source for LAB. This study aimed to evaluate in vitro probiotic properties of LAB isolated from thehuman gut microflora of Tai-Phake community. Among 43 isolated LAB species, 26 were preliminarily selected for their antimicrobial activity. Isolates were evaluated for probiotic characteristics and antimicrobial activities against test microorganisms, Escherichia coli ATCC-10536 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC-BAA-1026, using agar well-diffusion method. Eight of these isolates exhibited antagonistic activity against test microorganisms, which is indicated by zone of inhibition (ZoI) of 1.5 cm against Escherichia coliATCC-10536andZoI of 2.4 cm against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC-BAA-1026.The isolate with the best probiotic properties was identified using 16S rRNA sequencing as Limosilactobacillusfermentum strain TPGMS1. It exhibited high tolerance to low acidic condition (pH 2.0) and high bile salt (0.5% and 1%) concentrations, a significant hydrophobicity at 64 % and auto-aggregation of 58%. The results suggest that Limosilactobacillus fermentum strain TPGMS1 has high probiotic potential and can be further explored for probiotic formulation.
Optimization of fermentation media constituents for higher production of naringinase by Paenibacillus stellifer RAMCM-44 using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Nara Rachna , Sehrawat Nirmala , Kumar Sunil , Kumar Amit , Sharma Anil Kumar , Yadav Mukesh
Published: December 2024

Naringin is a flavonoid in citrus fruits and contributes to the bitterness of extracted citrus fruit juices. Naringinase has potential to hydrolyse the naringin into tasteless compounds and, therefore, reduces the bitterness of citrus juices. Majority of studies focused on naringinase production from fungal sources. The present  study aimed to use Paenibacillus stellifer RAMCM-44 for the production of naringinase by optimization of media constituents using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) at the shake-flask level. Five media components were taken as variables with different concentrations to determine the optimal concentrations of media components. The five variables included peptone (0.5-1%, w/v), yeast extract (0.4-0.8%, w/v), NaCl (0.5-1%, w/v), naringin (0.1-0.25%, w/v) and KH2PO4 (0.5-1%, w/v), while MgSO4 (0.05%, w/v), MnSO4 (0.001%, w/v) and initial pH (6.5±0.2) during shake-flask fermentation, media were kept constant. The experimental data was analysed (RSM) and optimal levels of peptone (0.75%), yeast extract (0.6%), NaCl (0.75%), naringin (0.17%) and KH2PO4 (0.75%) were determined. The experimental values of naringinase activity (8.55 IU/ml) and biomass (0.826 OD600) closely matched the predicted values. The criteria, including analysis of variance (ANOVA), R values, coefficient of variance and model significance were assessed. The R-value for naringinase production was found to be 0.9976, while the model F-value was 228.74 and the lack of fit F-value was 109.77 for naringinase activity, revealing the current study's significance. This is the first report on optimising media components and applying RSM for the production of naringinase by P. stellifer RAMCM-44, which could benefit studies involving scale-up.
Antidiabetic activity and kidney protection effect of lemon pepper nano-emulsion in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats
Authors: Chiuman Linda , Suhartomi  , Tanessa Micella , Lister Clarrissa , Chiuman Veranyca
Published: December 2024

Some previous studies have looked for natural products to become supplementary for antidiabetic drugs when the diabetic case rate was high. Lemon pepper has been widely studied for antidiabetic activity. However, none of these studies developed other pharmaceutical forms of lemon pepper fruit. Due to this reason, this study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic activity of lemon pepper fruit in a nano-emulsion form. This study underwent an acute toxicity assay for lemon pepper nano-emulsion. Acute toxicity testing confirmed its safety, and an experimental study was conducted using twenty-five streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats divided into five groups: three treatment groups (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg body weight (BW) and pair of control (0.5% Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose) and standard (100 mg/kg BW metformin) groups. On the other hand, this study also used five non-diabetic rats as a normal group. Five non-diabetic rats served as a normal group. Blood glucose levels were measured every five days, and kidney function tests (KFT) were performed on 15th day. All doses of lemon pepper nano-emulsion significantly reduced blood glucose levels by 71 mg/dL on the 10th day (P-Value < 0.05) and 89 mg/dL on the 15th day (P-Value: 0.001). Creatinine levels did not affect(P: Value: 0.233), but 50 mg/ kg BW of lemon pepper nano-emulsion significantly reduced blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels to 40 mg/dL, with the highest dose (75 mg/kg BW) further lowering BUN to 38 mg/dL (P-Value: 0.001). In conclusion, lemon pepper nano-emulsion effectively decreased blood glucose level and mitigated kidney from hyperglycaemic-induced injury, highlighting the potential of its novel nano-formulation as a therapeutic option for diabetes management.
Avian diversity and habitat assessment of insectivorous bird species in arid agro-ecosystem of Haryana, India
Authors: Sharma Pratibha , Sekhon Gurkirat Singh , Kler Tejdeep Kaur
Published: December 2024

Although studies have examined avian diversity in agricultural landscapes, the habitat analysis of beneficial bird species in arid agro-ecosystems remains unexplored. The present study aimed to assess the habitat of insectivorous birds within the rice-wheat cropping systems of Ahmadpur (Location I) and Mirpur (Location II) villages in the Sirsa district of Haryana during 2022-2023. The study documented 701 individuals of 63 avian species belonging to 14 orders and 38 families across the selected sites. Six feeding guilds were identified with insectivorous (40%) being dominant. Wheat (Rabi) and rice (Kharif) crop fields supported 50 and 62 avian species, with 6 and 14 being unique to each location. The House Sparrow was the most abundant species, with relative abundances of 23.17% at Location I and 18.06% at Location II. Nesting sites of 6 species at Location I and 9 species at Location II, with thorny trees in agricultural landscapes being the most preferred nesting sites. Cup-shaped nests were built by 44.45% of nesting species. Anthropogenic disturbances, predation and agricultural practices were the major causes of nest abandonment. Rice fields, and associated vegetation were found to provide essential breeding habitats and support for various bird species, particularly those favouring wetland habitats. The conservation and management of these ecosystems are vital for maintaining avian biodiversity and ensuring ecological balance in arid agro-ecosystems.
A study on elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2), elevated temperature (eT) and their interactive effect on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) yield and seed mineral nutrients
Authors: Maurya Sadhna , Chopra A. K.
Published: December 2024

Continuously increasing carbon dioxide concentration is predicted to elevate the earth’s temperature. Elevated temperature is a severe problem for the cultivation of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L ). Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effect of elevated carbon dioxide  (eCO2), elevated temperature (eT) and their interactive effect on yield and seed mineral nutrients of two genotypes, i.e., ICC 4958 (desi) and Flip 90-166 (kabuli) of chickpea (C. arietinum L ). The pot experiments were conducted in Open Top Chamber (OTC) for two consecutive years (2019-20 and 2020-21), along with the control placed in ambient natural conditions. The eCO2 (650±50 µl/l) and eT (~4oC) were given individually and in combination. The gaseous exchange was measured at the flowering stage. After harvesting, yield and its parameters, seed protein and  mineral nutrients were determined using standard methods.  Under eCO2, the photosynthesis of both genotypes was positively affected, ultimately converting to yield (8.8-17.5% increase). However, the effect was more prominent in ICC 4958 than Flip 90-166. Higher temperature only positively affected dry biomass, but that effect was not converted to yield; instead, a reduction occurred in yield (- 12.0 to -26.9% ). In combination with eCO2 and eT, the negative effect of high temperature was ameliorated by eCO2 on yield, augmenting the effects on seed nutrient reduction. Among the seed mineral nutrients, Na, K, Fe and Zn were most reduced (-20.3 to -30.0%) under interactive effect. The findings will help to enhance seed yield with improved mineral nutrient content of chickpea.
SOLID WASTE POLICIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE – THE CASES OF FEDERAL BRAZIL AND CANADA
Authors: Frey Klaus , Gutberlet Jutta , Rizpah Besen Gina
Published: December 2024

The objective of our paper is to scrutinize the ongoing dynamics surrounding waste and climate policies within the federal democracies of Brazil and Canada. Our research design is guided by four primary inquiries. Firstly, we look at the integration of the circular economy concept within waste and climate policies. Secondly, we explore the extent to which concerns regarding solid waste are assimilated into climate mitigation and adaptation strategies. Thirdly, we assess the degree to which social inclusion is upheld as foundational principle within climate and waste policies. Lastly, we investigate the governance practices that have been put in place to promote effective intergovernmental and state-society cooperations. Initially, we illuminate the commonalities and disparities between Brazilian and Canadian federalism, emphasizing the challenges of policy coordination—a critical prerequisite for a smooth integration and successful execution of solid waste and climate policy initiatives. In the core section of our paper, we adopt a comparative lens to analyze both policy domains, focusing on (a) institutional frameworks, competencies, and the characteristics of the policy-making processes in each country; (b) legislative measures, programs, plans, and policy instruments to elucidate the policy fields and the linkages between them. We conclude our paper by juxtaposing the experiences of both countries and suggesting potential ways for mutual learning to improve federal democratic responses in tackling these complex and interlinked challenges.
Ecotoxicological assessment of waste scrubber water in unicellular algae (Tetraselmis suecica) and Blue Mussel (Mytilus edulis) larvae
Authors: Zapata-Restrepo Lina Maria , Williams Ian D. , Hudson Malcolm , Freeman Georgia , Lee Bronwyn , Prieul Clement
Published: December 2024

Marine scrubbers can be classified into wet and dry scrubbers. Scrubber water (also known as washwater) from both wet scrubber systems has been found to release acidic water containing nutrients and contaminants back to the marine environment, including metals, aromatic hydrocarbons, and soot particles. This is especially true for the open-loop scrubbers that utilize the natural alkalinity of seawater and keep a high flow of process water in order to reduce SO2 in the exhaust and the washwater is discharged to sea, most often without substantial treatment. Little is known about potential impact of the discharged washwater on the marine environment. In ecotoxicological tests, a number of marine organisms have shown negative effects after acute and chronic exposures to varying concentrations of scrubber water, but the main pollutants involved in these responses are not clear yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the main pollutants found in open-loop scrubber discharge water for survival, feeding and development of different species at the base of the food web after acute exposures to gas scrubber effluent. Toxicity, mortality, and physiology have been evaluated in marine microalgae, Tetraselmis suecica, and blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) larvae. Direct exposure to scrubber water appears to adversely affect biological and reproductive parameters in invertebrates, raising substantial concerns about ongoing open-loop exhaust gas scrubber system deployment.
A preliminary study on real-time asbestos recognition in tunnel spoil of green stones
Authors: Malinconico Sergio , Paglietti Federica , Bellagamba Sergio , Serranti Silvia , Bonifazi Giuseppe , Gattabria Davide , Lonigro Ivano , Gasbarrone Riccardo
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on the analysis of serpentinite rocks to detect asbestos minerals, with a particular emphasis at discriminating chrysotile from other minerals and matrices (antigorite, lizardite) in serpentinites. The primary objective of this exploratory study is to lay the groundwork for the development of an innovative system for real-time identification of asbestos on the surface of materials and rocks. In more detail, the study emphasizes the advantages of utilization of rapid and reliable portable instrumentation, aided by machine learning (ML) techniques. Serpentinite rock debris from tunnel excavation activities (i.e. tunnel spoil) were collected at the Cravasco railway tunnelling site (Genoa - Italy) of the TEN-T Rhine-Alps Core Corridor. On-site analysis was conducted using the ASD FieldSpec 4 Standard-Res spectrophotoradiometer (350-2500 nm). A two-class classifier was developed based on acquired reflectance spectra, to discriminate between the "Presence of asbestiform fibers" and the "Absence of asbestiform fibers". The classification model was calibrated through stereomicroscopic inspection and electron microscopy carried on selected sample fractions.
Análisis de la calidad de sitios web sobre prevención y tratamiento del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas que se consultan en México
Authors: Parissi Poumian Yessica , Campos Uscanga Yolanda , De San Jorge Cárdenas Xóchitl , López Ornelas Maricela , López Zetina Javier , Ortiz León María Cristina
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The internet can serve as a tool for preventing and treating psychoactive substance use. In this context, online platforms available need to be of high quality. The aim of this study was to objectively assess the quality of websites on the prevention and treatment of psychoactive substance use consulted in Mexico.
Method: The study universe consisted of websites providing information about prevention and treatment of psychoactive substance use identified through search patterns of internet users in Mexico. Quality was assessed using the "Guide to Evaluate the Quality of Websites on the Internet." The quality of websites was compared by platform type and country of origin using ANOVA test.
Results: An evaluation of 81 websites showed that 86.6% had good quality, while 13.4% were rated as average. Statistically significant differences were found by country of origin; websites developed in the United States received higher scores.
Conclusion: Despite challenges in regulating information on the internet, a large number of reliable sources are available for obtaining information on the prevention and treatment of psychoactive substance use. However, there is a need to improve the quality of these websites, as none of the evaluated sites were rated as excellent.
Dynastic Politics in Regional Elections: Challenges to Democracy and the Need for Legal Reform in Indonesia
Authors: Mutawalli Mukhlis Muhammad , Ilmar Aminuddin , Maskun Maskun , Aswanto Aswanto , Tajuddin Muhammad Saleh
Published: December 2024

Dynastic politics, practiced by certain groups of individuals with kinship ties or close relationships, dominate political positions in regional head elections and local government administration processes. This phenomenon persists due to the lack of concrete regulations, thereby normalizing it as a political practice in Indonesia. This study aims to elaborate on the facts surrounding dynastic political practices, examine how such practices undermine the democratic ideals envisioned by the people, and propose prospective regulatory frameworks to address this issue. The research employs a normative juridical method with statutory, historical, and conceptual approaches. The findings reveal that dynastic political practices harm the democratic system and tend to be more formalistic rather than providing a genuine opportunity for the people to elect leaders aligned with their will. To prevent such practices in the future, the government, the legislature, and election organizers must collaborate to formulate concrete regulatory norms in the Regional Head Election Law.
Inconsistency of the Constitutional Court Regarding the Minimum Age Requirement for Presidential and Vice-Presidential Candidates
Authors: Situmeang Selvi Christina , Ardilafiza Ardilafiza , Dinata Ari Wirya
Published: December 2024

This paper discusses several Constitutional Court decisions concerning the minimum age requirements for presidential and vice-presidential candidates that were issued on the same day. In Constitutional Court Decisions Number 29/PUU-XXI/2023, Number 51/PUU-XXI/2023, and Number 55/PUUXXI/ 2023, the Court consistently rejected all petitions. However, later in the afternoon, through Constitutional Court Decision Number 90/PUU-XXI/2023, the Court changed its stance and partially granted the request. This paper aims to analyze the differences among these decisions and the Constitutional Court’s inconsistency when addressing decisions that substantially challenge the same article. This research employs a normative legal approach using primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings of this study indicate discrepancies between the decisions, procedural irregularities, and drastic shifts in the judges’ perspectives. These factors have resulted in the Constitutional Court’s inconsistency in ruling on the issue of the minimum age requirements for the President and Vice President.
Reforming of Marriage Law Through Constitutional Court Decision in Indonesia
Authors: Rosa Melia , Huda Yasrul , Danil Muhammad , Maulidah Chabibatul , Arlis Arlis
Published: December 2024

The authority of the Constitutional Court to conduct judicial review against the 1945 Constitution often generates both support and criticism, particularly among those who feel disadvantaged by the existence of Law No. 1 of 1974. This study employs a qualitative research method with a normative juridical approach. The findings indicate that the Constitutional Court frequently engages in ijtihad (independent reasoning) when adjudicating cases. Additional considerations underlying these decisions include developments in science, technology, reform, and the renewal of Islamic thought, all of which influence the dynamic application of Islamic law in Indonesia. The implication of this study is that the Constitutional Court not only serves as an institution that tests statutory laws against the 1945 Constitution, but also plays an active role in legal interpretation (ijtihad), particularly concerning religious and matrimonial law. Consequently, the Court takes on a more prominent role in directing the development of Indonesian law in line with contemporary changes. Following the Court’s decisions, stricter oversight is necessary to ensure that legal amendments are effectively implemented in practice, so that the benefits of these reforms are truly felt by the public.
A Decade of Federated Learning Applications in Medical Image Analysis in Shanghai: A Comprehensive Review (2014–2024)
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Jiang Ke , Wang Lijun , Han Li
Published: December 2024

Federated learning (FL) has revolutionized medical image analysis by enabling collaborative model training while maintaining patient data privacy. This paper explores the applications, challenges, and innovations of FL in medical imaging, highlighting its role in diagnostic improvements, data heterogeneity management, and integration with explainable AI (XAI). Notable advancements include open-source frameworks, privacy-preserving techniques, and strategies to address non-IID data challenges. Case studies from Shanghai demonstrate FL's potential in enhancing diagnostic accuracy through multi-institutional collaboration while safeguarding sensitive data. Despite these successes, challenges remain, including computational constraints, ethical considerations, and technical complexities. The paper emphasizes future research directions such as refining FL algorithms for heterogeneous data, improving privacy techniques, and enhancing model generalization. By addressing these challenges, FL can continue to transform medical imaging, fostering secure, efficient, and scalable AI applications in healthcare.
AI-Driven Clearinghouse of Preventive Interventions Supporting Healthy Youth Development to Facilitate Evidence-Based Decision-Making
Authors: Fishbein Diana , Buckley Pamela , Wollman Neil
Published: December 2024

Evidence-based decision-making applies empirical evidence to inform policies and involves integrating relevant information from various sources, such as scientific studies, experimental data, expert opinions, and community feedback. Online clearinghouses support evidence-based decision-making by synthesizing evidence on what works, though manually updating the literature is inefficient and incomplete. In addition, passively summarizing evaluations is insufficient for end-users to implement preventive solutions that achieve population impacts. A responsive, user-friendly platform and a dissemination plan are needed to encourage the uptake of innovative and culturally relevant preventive interventions grounded in transparency and rigorous evidence of effectiveness. The design of clearinghouses can significantly enhance evidence-based decision-making by building in stepwise, interactive, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven capabilities that harness machine learning for increased efficiency, reliability and comprehensiveness of evidence synthesis. AI algorithms with built-in safeguards to avoid unintended negative consequences such as biases and inaccuracies can make recommendations for up-to-date information on (1) the provision of all available evidence-based preventive interventions (EBPIs) and their key activities, (2) the equitability of EBPIs amenable to broad implementation and shown to achieve equitably distributed outcomes, (3) cultural relevance, including EBPIs that align with and respect the cultural beliefs, values, practices, and needs of a target population, (4) implementation support, such as materials, training, and fidelity measures, and (5) costs associated with delivery. The resulting platform will ethically expedite the translational process of identifying and scaling EBPIs, leading to a more complete, comprehensive and accessible body of evidence on effective preventive strategies.
Power, ritual, and identity - A cognitive study of conversion to the Unification Church
Authors: GUÉNIN--CARLUT Avel , Dubourg Isaac
Published: December 2024

We revisit the sociological discussion around coercive conversion to the worldview of religious or political organization, building from the historical example of the Unification Church. Using the neurocomputational framework of Active Inference, we demonstrate that (in line with the current sociological consensus) there is no plausible mechanism by which organizations may erase human agency through “mind control” or “brainwashing”, for lack of a clear separation between external/social and internal/cognitive processes. However, we consider the many processes by which the Unification Church produces a material and social environment which robustly aligns the agency of members with its goals and organizational norms, giving special attention to the organization of members’ experience in Unification Church seminars and its cognitive effects. On this basis, we conceptualize identity capture as social control through the production of a rigid sense of self-identity thoroughly embedded in the social context set by an organization or elite group, which acts to structure one’s engagement with the world. Finally, we use the framework developed here to offer some considerations about the historical development of social power, and the mechanisms by which ritual has plausibly set the stage for the emergence of large scale social organization.
Longitudinal relations between mathematics self-efficacy, test anxiety, and performance in co- and solo-taught classrooms
Authors: Lehikoinen Hans , Tuominen Heta , Väisänen Pertti , Niemivirta Markku , Viljaranta Jaana
Published: December 2024

Math self-efficacy and test anxiety represent key aspects of motivation that play acrucial role in student learning. Whilst prior research has established their significance, they are often studied separately in relation to performance and the influence of different teaching approaches on their dynamics is often ignored. In this study we examined: (i) the longitudinal relationships between math self-efficacy, test anxiety, and test performance, and (ii) whether these relationships differ between two teaching conditions (co-teaching vs. solo-teaching). The participants included 146 sixth-grade students in Finland: 70 students in co- taught mathematics classes (taught by three co-teacher dyads) and 76 students in solo-taught classes. Students completed measures of math task-related self-efficacy and test anxiety at the beginning and at the end of the school year. The data also included pre- and post-measures of mathematics test performances. Cross-lagged panel modeling was used to analyse the data. No reciprocal predictions were found between self-efficacy and test anxiety. Prior math performance predicted only initial test anxiety and both initial and later self-efficacy, which in turn predicted later performance. Teaching condition did not predict either motivation or performance. These findings emphasize the importance of fostering self-efficacy to enhance math performance. The absence of reciprocal effects between test anxiety and self-efficacy suggests a more complex relationship, warranting further research. Additionally, co-teaching alone may not directly influence these motivational dynamics, underscoring the need for a more tailored support to promote student learning in mathematics.
Evaluating the Potential of LLMs for Thematic Analysis in Czech History Curricula
Authors: Kaleta Juda
Published: December 2024

Analyzing Czech school curricula is often difficult due to structure, layout, and terminology inconsistencies. This study examines how Large Language Models (LLMs) can help address these issues, using History curricula as a case study. We evaluated the LLMs' abilities to (a) extract relevant data, (b) divide historical content into clear topics, and (c) assign accurate historical era labels. Our findings show that while LLMs have trouble extracting data from large PDF files, they perform very well in dividing content and labelling, achieving results similar to those of human coders.
Patenting Propensity in Italy: A Machine Learning Approach to Regional Clustering
Authors: Leogrande Angelo , Drago Carlo , Mallardi Giulio , Costantiello Alberto , Magaletti Nicola
Published: December 2024

This article focuses on the propensity to patent across Italian regions, considering data from ISTAT-BES between 2004 and 2019 to contribute to analyzing regional gaps and determinants of innovative performances. Results show how the North-South gap in innovative performance has persisted over time, confirming the relevance of research intensity, digital infrastructure, and cultural employment on patenting activity. These relations have been analyzed using the panel data econometric model. It allows singling out crucial positive drivers like R&D investment or strongly negative factors, such as limited mobility of graduates. More precisely, given the novelty of approaches applied in the used model, the following contributions are represented: first, the fine grain of regional differentiation, from which the sub-national innovation system will be observed. It also puts forward a set of actionable policy recommendations that would contribute to more substantial inclusive innovation, particularly emphasizing less-performing regions. By focusing on such dynamics, this study will indirectly address how regional characteristics and policies shape innovation and technological competitiveness in Italy. Therefore, it contributes to the debate on regional systems of innovation and their possible role in economic development in Europe since the economic, institutional, and technological conditions are differentiated between various areas in Italy.
Cyber Pornography and Its Control Mechanisms: An Evaluation
Authors: Singh Raj Deo
Published: December 2024

Easy access to the internet has enabled people to view explicit content without compromising their privacy or revealing their identity. Cyber pornography has significantly eliminated the traditional barriers and risks associated with accessing pornography, which previously required individuals to purchase printed materials with the constant fear of being caught or identified. Today, individuals can easily conceal their identities and access explicit content on computers, laptops, or smartphones, whether at home or the office, by downloading it or streaming it online without downloading. This phenomenon profoundly impacts the young and impressionable minds of teenagers, minors, and youth. Addiction to it is ruining lives. The pornography industry is one of the fastest-growing industries globally, generating significant revenue for governments. As a result, developed nations, particularly European countries, have legalized it. However, in developing countries like India, where families and society hesitate even to discuss sex education, cyber pornography has opened doors to social and legal challenges. An individual addicted to pornography may exhibit changes in behavior and conduct toward family and society. Even if the consumption of explicit content remains private, such behavior often leads to illegal relationships, adultery, and prostitution. Although various laws exist in the country to regulate cyber pornography, it remains one of the major challenges we face.
Abstract in Hindi Language: इंटरनेट पर आसान पहुँच ने लोगों को अपनी गोपनीयता से समझौता किये बिना और किसी को अपनी पहचान बताए बिना अश्लील सामग्री देखने में मदद की है। साइबर पोर्नोग्राफी ने पोर्नोग्राफी के पारंपरिक बाधाओं व खतरों को काफी हद तक दूर कर दिया है, जहाँ पहले लोग अश्लील सामग्री को मुद्रित रूप में खरीदते थे जिसमें पकड़े जाने व पहचान उजागर होने का भप सदैव बना रहता था,किन्तु आज व्यक्ति अपनी पहचान आसानी से छुपाकर घर हो या ऑफिस कहीं भी कम्प्यूटर, लैपटाप या स्मार्टफोन पर अश्लील सामग्री डाउनलोड करके या बिना डाउनलोड कियें ऑनलाइन ही देख रहा है। किशोरों, अवयस्कों व युवाओं के तरूण मन को बहुत बुरी तरह से प्रभावित करती है। इसकी लत लगने से इनकी जिन्दगियाँ बर्बाद हो रही है। पोर्नोग्राफी उद्योग दुनिया में सबसे तेजी से बढ़ने वाले उद्योगों में एक है। इनसे सरकारों को व्यापक स्तर पर राजस्व की प्राप्ति हो रही है इसलिए विकसित देश विशेषकर पूरोपयीय देशों ने इसे अपने यहाँ कानूनी वैधता प्रदान कर दी है। भारत जैसे विकासशील देश में जहाँ परिवार और समाज सेक्स एजुकेशन के बारे में बात करने से भी हिचकता है, साइबर पोर्नोग्राफी ने न सिर्फ सामाजिक बल्कि विधिक समस्याओं के द्वार खोल दियें है। पोर्नोग्राफी का आदी व्यक्ति का आचरण व व्यवहार परिवार एवं समाज के प्रति बदल जाता है। भले ही वह व्यक्ति अश्लील सामग्री का निजी तौर पर ही क्यों न देखता हो, अक्सर ऐसा आचरण उसे अवैध सम्बन्धों, व्यभिचार एवं वैश्यावृत्ति की ओर ले जाता है। देश में साइबर पोर्नोग्राफी को विनियमित करने के लिए विभिन्न कानून विद्यमान हैं, फिर भी यह हमारे समक्ष उपस्थित प्रमुख समस्याओं में से एक है।
Keywords: सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी, इण्टरनेट, डाउनलोड, अश्लीलता, नग्नता, कम्प्यूटर, डोमेन, स्मार्टफोन
Перспективи і пріоритети педагогічної освіти в епоху соціальних викликів
Authors: Товканець Г.В.
Published: December 2024

У монографії представлено результати науково-дослідницької діяльності авторського колективу щодо модернізації сучасної освіти, обґрунтовано перспективи і пріоритети педагогічної освіти в епоху соціальних викликів.
Розвиток соціальних комунікацій в руслі документно-інформаційних ресурсів та технологій
Authors:   Мукачівський державний університет, Моргун А. В. , Прокопович Л. С. , Мовчан К. М. , Розман І.І. , Кобаль В.І. , Бабіля М.В.
Published: December 2024

У монографії розглядаються питання розвитку соціальних комунікацій з точки зору документно-інформаційних ресурсів та технологій. Проаналізовано теоретичні основи створення інформаційного середовища бібліотек і архівів; перехід бібліотек та архівів як головних засобів комунікації від традиційних до автоматизованих послуг та засобів збереження і розповсюдження документних ресурсів; трансформацію бібліографічних відомостей персоналій в умовах інформатизації суспільства.
Religious Tolerance in Southeast Asia: Issues and Challenges
Authors: Wahyono Zubaidi , Gamon Alizaman D. , Akbar Shah Maulana
Published: December 2024

In the contemporary global landscape, religious tolerance has emerged as a critical issue across both Muslim-majority and non-Muslim countries. Shared concerns, such as freedom of religion, conversion, freedom of worship and propagation, and violence stemming from religious misunderstandings—including extremism and terrorism—have garnered significant global attention. Addressing these issues is vital for fostering peaceful coexistence and understanding among diverse religious communities. The objective of the study is to understand the concept of tolerance and how it is applied in Southeast Asian countries, particularly in the national policies of Malaysia, Indonesia, Myanmar, and the Philippines. These policies provide public space for religious tolerance, thereby opening the door for the protection of freedom of religion and addressing other religious issues currently taking place in the region. Given the socio-political and religious dynamics in the region, this study aims to investigate the underlying causes of conflicts, insurgencies, terrorism, and religious tensions. By identifying these root causes, the research seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex factors driving instability and violence in the area. This study offers a thorough analysis of various perspectives on religious tolerance within the ASEAN region, framed through the lens of multiculturalism. By integrating contemporary literature with detailed field observations, the study aims to provide a nuanced understanding of how religious tolerance is reflected and practiced in the constitutions, national laws, and policies of the member countries. The study reveals that instances of intolerance, extremism, conflict, and violence observed across the region are predominantly influenced by economic, social, and political factors, rather than being primarily motivated by religious concerns. In summary, the study argues that attributing conflict, violence, and extremism to the teachings of a religion—which typically promotes love, peace, and mutual respect—misconstrues the root causes. The findings suggest that economic and social inequalities, ethnicism, and political policies are more significant factors contributing to the national instability experienced across the region.
Sosyal Medya Terimlerinin TDK Güncel Türkçe Sözlük’te Görünümü
Authors: Tokat Feyza
Published: December 2024

Sosyal medya kullanımının ülkemizde hızla artmasıyla birlikte görüntü, video, ses ve metin ortamında Türkçe içerik paylaşımı da giderek çoğalmaktadır. Bu durum sosyal medya içeriklerinin popülerlik, yayılım ve paylaşımını ifade eden sosyal medya terimlerinin kullanımının da yaygınlaşması sürecini başlatmıştır. Bu süreçte Türkçeye sosyal medya terimleri ile ilgili sürekli yeni sözcükler girmekte veya Türkçede kullanılan sözcükler yeni sosyal medya terimi anlamı kazanmaktadır. Dilin doğal gelişiminin bir parçası olan bu yeni sözcük ve anlamlar belirli aralıklarla sözlüklerin güncellenmesini gerektirir. Bu gereklilikle 2023’te güncellenen TDK Güncel Türkçe Sözlük doğal olarak Türkçe Sözlük’ün önceki baskı ve sürümlerine göre daha fazla sosyal medya terimi içermektedir. Sosyal medya terimleri üzerinde durulan bu çalışmada, Güncel Türkçe Sözlük’teki sosyal medya terimleri tespit edilerek Türkçe sözlük ile ilgili güncel çalışmalara ve terim çalışmalarına katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın verilerini oluşturan Türkçede kullanılan sosyal medya terimleri; tarama, gözlem ve katılımlı gözlem yöntemiyle tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın verilerine öncelikle 10-15 Haziran 2024 tarihleri arasında internet arama motoru aracılığı ile ulaşılmış, daha sonra araştırmacının gözlem ve katılımcı gözlem yoluyla kaydettiği sosyal medya terimleri de çalışmaya dâhil edilerek Türkçede kullanılan 174 sosyal medya terimi tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen sosyal medya terimleri https://sozluk.gov.tr/ genel ağ sayfasından Güncel Türkçe Sözlük seçilerek anlamlarına göre Güncel Türkçe Sözlük’te bulunan sosyal medya terimleri; Güncel Türkçe Sözlük’te bulunmayan sosyal medya terimleri ve Güncel Türkçe Sözlük’te anlam(lar)ı farklı olan sosyal medya terimleri olmak üzere sınıflandırılmıştır. Bu sınıflandırma ve incelemeler sonucunda Güncel Türkçe Sözlük’te günlük dilde kullanımı yaygın olan birçok sosyal medya terimine ve madde başı söz /söz öbeklerinin yeni kazandığı sosyal medya terimi anlamına yeterli düzeyde yer verilmediği ortaya konulmuştur.
Farklı Disiplinlerde "Yer Tutucu" Terimi ve Dilbilimsel Bir Kavram Olarak Kullanımı
Authors: Doğru Fatih , Khinikadze Nato
Published: December 2024

Türkçe alanyazında “yer tutucu” çok sayıda bilimsel disiplinde kullanılmış bir terimdir. Bilimin doğası gereği bir terim başka bir disipline aktarılabilir, anlamı değiştirilerek farklı kavramları karşılamak üzere kullanılabilir. Yer tutucu terimi de böyle bir özellik sergilemekte, kendisine birbirinden bağımsız alanlarda yer bulmaktadır. Türkçe dilbilim alanında bu terimin yeni yeni kullanılmaya başladığı görülür. Batı alanyazınında “placeholder” olarak geçen ve nispeten bu biçimde yerleşikleşen terim Türkçe alanyazına “yer tutucu” olarak aktarılmış ve bu şekilde kullanılmaya başlamıştır. Unutulan, hatırlanamayan veya adı hiç bilinmeyen bir varlığın adı yerine kullanılan sözleri ifade edebileceği gibi gereksiz bulunan, değersiz görülen, adı söylenmek istenmeyen, söylemekten kaçınılan varlıkların adı yerine geçen sözler de bu terimin kapsamında değerlendirilebilir. Daha çok anlık konuşmada görülmekte olup nispeten geçici kullanımlar olduğundan edimsel bir özellik sergiledikleri söylenebilir. Çalışma bu sözlerin neler olduğundan çok bu sözleri adlandırmak için oluşturulan yer tutucu terimine odaklanmakta, bir dilbilimi kavramı olarak onu izah etmeye çalışmaktadır.
CONTROL PROBLEM FOR A VACUUM TECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEX
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Melikov E.A.
Published: December 2024

Based on a comprehensive study of technological processes occurring in the vacuum block for an installation of the ELOU-AVT type, the features for the complex technological complex under consideration as a control object were analyzed. In this regard, a physically based mathematical formulation for the optimal control problem of the block under study has been developed, taking into account restrictive conditions on control and input parameters. Taking into account the compiled mathematical models for the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the process under consideration and the algorithm for their gradient adaptation, to numerically solve the problem of optimizing the functioning for this block, the classical Lagrange method multipliers is used,which allows the transition from the problem of a conditional extremum to the problem of finding the unconditional extremum for the constructed Lagrange function. This method, as well as the proposed algorithm and control principles, were applied for the first time to the vacuum blockof the primary oil refining installation of the ELOU-AVT type under study. In wide range conditions of changes in input disturbing factors in quantity and quality, as well as insufficient operational quality information on the selected petroleum products, the proposed method and principles of development algorithm for controlling the process under study allows for prompt preliminary local regulation modes correction and the selection of new optimal modes for adaptive control as a whole. This circumstance leads to an increase in the economic production efficiency and the achievement of the greatest stability in the quality for the resulting target products.
Bioproductivity of pine forests in Polissia
Authors: Moroz Vira
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the bioproductivity of pine forests in Polissia and their carbon sequestration capacity depending on the age structure of the stands. The study was conducted at 15 experimental sites in the Zhytomyr and Rivne regions during the spring and summer season of 2023. Tree biometrics such as diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height were measured, and wood samples were analysed to determine the phytomass of the trunk, bark, and crown. It was found that bioproductivity increased significantly with age: in young forests (10-30 years old), biomass averaged 25 t/ha, in middle-aged forests (40-60 years old) – 65 t/ha, while in mature forests (80-100 years old) it reached 120 t/ha. The correlation analysis showed a pronounced dependence of biomass on tree diameter and height, with the strongest relationship between trunk volume and wood phytomass (r=1.00). The carbon-absorbing capacity of forests also increased with age: young forests absorbed about 12.5 t/ha of carbon, middle-aged forests – 32.5 t/ha, while mature forests – up to 60 t/ha. Furthermore, the study found that climatic factors such as rainfall and average temperature substantially affect bioproductivity. When precipitation fell below 550 mm per year, a 15-20% decrease in biomass was observed. Thus, the findings emphasised the significance of sustainable management of pine forests in Polissia, considering their role in global carbon sequestration processes, making them a valuable tool for combating climate change and environmental challenges