bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To Coat or Not To Coat: A question on porosity and coating in building material
Authors: Saginatari Diandra Pandu , Yatmo Yandi Andri
Published: November 2018

Building material has been one of the aspects in architecture that directly relate with the overall building performance. Nowadays, porous traditional building material, such as bricks, stones, concrete, is still preferred due to its performance of porosity that supports passive cooling and reduces the building’s energy consumption. However, the porosity of building material could also cause many problems, such as damp, fungal and moss growth, that could cause deterioration of the building leading to the practice of coating. This paper questions how the act of coating often seen as a way of keeping the building in perfect condition with disregard to the building material’s porosity. It investigates how the different mechanism of porosity in building material in turns triggers a different act of coating. Furthermore, this paper argues that the act of coating should consider the performance of porosity to achieve a better building performance, not just regarding the energy efficiency but also the ecological sensibility towards the environment.
Thinking Ecology for Architecture: Exploration of Cool Pocket
Authors: Suryantini Rini , Harahap M. M. Y. , Yatmo Yandi Andri , Putra Nandy
Published: November 2018

This paper discusses the importance of understanding the ecology as part of architectural education. Rather than focusing on the heat phenomenon as frequently researched, this paper explores the opposite ideas by identifying the concept of cool pocket and designing it as a mean for heat mitigation in a tropical built environment. Recent researches show that providing a microclimate that responds human thermal comfort can contribute to the building energy performance and at the same time promote activities in outdoor space. The relation and interaction among various microclimate factors with the land, water body, arrangement of vegetations, building’s geometry and configurations, create different scenarios of the thermal condition, including possible cool pocket. Using air temperature and wind as indicators, possibilities of cool pocket will be explored and investigated through CFD Simulation. The result shows the importance of ecological understanding as part of designing cool pocket in a tropical context in a learning process and scenario-based simulation in developing design strategies.
Remazol Brilliant Blue Degradation Using Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis Reactor with Air Injection and NaCl Solution
Authors: Averous Fikri , Muhammad Zairin Dwiputra , Saksono Nelson
Published: November 2018

Remazol Brilliant Blue dye waste is one of the liquid waste produced from the textile industry and harmful to the environment. Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis (CGDE) method is an effective method to degrade dye waste by producing OH radicals which will be used in liquid waste degradation process. This study aims to determine the effect of anode depth, temperature, and flow rate of air injection on the production of hydroxyl radicals and dye degradation of Remazol Brilliant Blue. This research was conducted in batch reactor with electrolyte NaCl 0,03 M. Variation which done is anode depth which is 0,5 cm; 2 cm; 4 cm, temperature of 40°C; 50°C; 60°C, and air injection flow rate of 0 lpm and 2.5 lpm. The research was conducted by voltage - current characteristic test, hydroxyl radical production test, and dye degradation test. Remazol Brilliant Blue degradation reached 96.15% within 30 minutes where the tension was 750 V, 0.03 M NaCl solution concentration, Fe2+ 40 ppm, 2 cm anode depth, 50°C temperature, and 2.5 lpm air injection flow rate.
Research and Application of Optimal Combination of Quick Drop Valve Flow Regenerative Performance Based on Orthogonal Experimental Design
Authors: Li Xiaoxiang , Wang Anlin , Lin Jiadong
Published: November 2018

Based on the simulation model of quick drop valve flow regeneration measurement data, the influence factors of quick drop valve are analysed through two orthogonal experimental designs to obtain the optimal combination of the efficiency of oil filled â for flow regeneration. Simulation and experimental verification results show that: In the structure of the original quick drop valve, through the range R, the influence factor valve opening C has the greatest influence on the efficiency of oil filled â.The efficiency of oil filled â of the optimal combination A1A2A3 is 78.9% lower than the standard requirement of 85%. Based on the method of controlling the oil return variable according to the load feedback and orthogonal experimental design, the improved structure makes the efficiency of oil filled â for flow regeneration increase from 57% of the measured data to more than 85% of the measured verification. Through 1000 hours performance verification, the performance of the quick drop valve is stable, no failure rate, and the efficiency of oil filled â is still higher than 85%. At the same time, the efficiency of the earth-moving work after the quick drop of the blade is increased by more than 28%.
Study on Stream Cooperation Connected Smart Manufacturing in Textile Timely Production System
Authors: Lee Jae-Yong , Lee Dae-Hee , Song Jae-Sung , Park Jun-Hee , Ryu Sung-Hun , Park Jeung-Hyun
Published: November 2018

In general, the flow of detailed data through the physical sensing of the mechanical system and the analysis of the production process is important as well as the development of the CPS(cyber-physical system) system in smartizing the production plant. In this study, stream is composed of three main fields in order to make fabric factory as smart factory. The three streams are divided into a knitting process, a dyeing process, and a sewing process. It can be made into a system that can monitor and manage the fabric production process as an integrated system by connecting the three separated streams. Physical sensors are developed and applied to the textile machines used in the three streams, and software programs for collecting and delivering data was performed together to construct a system for data collection per stream.
Vibration analysis of rotating rings with complex support stiffnesses
Authors: Yang Fuchun , Zhang Yue , Li Hailong
Published: November 2018

Vibration characteristics of rotating rings with complex support stiffnesses are studied. The complex stiffnesses of the rotating ring include discrete stiffnesses and partially distributed stiffnesses. The governing equations are established by Hamilton’s principle. The governing equations are cast in matrix differential operators and discretized using Galerkin’s method. The eigenvalue problem is dealt with state space matrix and the natural frequencies and vibration modes are obtained. The properties of natural frequencies and vibration modes of rotating rings are studied. The results illustrate that frequency separation and frequency veering happen with the increase of rotation speed. The vibration modes are not dominated by only one nodal diameter while dominated by several nodal diameters because the discrete and partially distributed stiffnesses disrupt the axisymmetry of rotating rings. The influences of several parameters to vibration properties of rotating rings are also investigated.
Vibration of thin cylindrical shells on an elastic foundation coupled with multiple discrete stiffnesses
Authors: Yang Fuchun , Qiu Wenlei
Published: November 2018

Vibration properties of thin cylindrical shells on an elastic foundation coupled with multiple discrete stiffnesses were investigated. The discrete stiffnesses were modelled as external forces. Hamilton’s principle was applied to deduce the governing equations. To study the natural vibration properties, the wave-like solutions were applied. Then the governing equations were discretized in matrix form to obtain the eigenvalues. The properties of natural frequencies and vibration modes of thin cylindrical shells were studied. The results illustrate that each natural frequency of cylindrical shells is mainly dominated by one vibration mode, that is, flexural, longitudinal and shear modes. The natural frequency will get closer with the increase of circumferential wave numbers. The influences of several parameters to vibration properties of cylindrical shells were also investigated.
The improvement on thermal performance of herbal ball compress
Authors: Kamsanam Wasan , Aungkurabrut Rachaneewan
Published: November 2018

Herbal ball compress is an equipment usually employed in Thai traditional medical treatment to relieve muscular pain. The herbal ball needs to be prepared by steam heating prior to the application in order to extract essential oils from herbal ingredients. This study aims at improving thermal performance of herbal ball so that it can maintain temperature at a suitable level for a particular period of time. In this article, the investigation to facilitate the herbal ball compress usage is performed in various schemes. Adding some materials of high specific heat capacity is one approach. In addition, employing electric powered heat sources such as cable heater, Peltier sheet, ceramic resistor and directly supplied steam are also included in the test. The experimental results revealed that the herbal ball with small water balloons inside can prolong the time duration at a desired temperature range. Direct steam supply system was built by modifying a household electric pan. The experiment demonstrated that the temperature of herbal ball was capably controlled at a desired level through the treatment. It is supposed that the appropriate method could benefit thermal performance of herbal ball compress in regard to temperature control, treatment duration, economical aspect as well as safety circumstance.
Automatic MHT Method Based on Target Characteristics Applied in the Small Space Targets
Authors: ZHAO Qian , NIU Zhenhong , XUE Lian , LIU Xin , LI Jianhua , LI Zhifeng
Published: November 2018

The Multi-Hypothesis Tracking (MHT) method is one of the most promising approaches to realize automatic tracking of small and dim targets in complex space scene. However, the number of hypotheses generated by this algorithm has an exponentially increasing relationship with the number of trajectories, measurement data, and the number of image frames. In the paper, the automatic detection and tracking method of judging the confidence coefficient of the trajectory obtained by the MHT which is based on the characteristics of dim targets, has been realized in the IRST system. The performance of this method is greatly improved.
The Research on a Confined Modeling Method of the Effect of Deformable Ground Soil and Crawler Board
Authors: Wei LV , LI Zhong-xin , Peng LOU
Published: November 2018

There is a great relationship between the passing capacity of vehicles on the ground deformation road and the properties of confined and shear of ground soil, so it is necessary to establish a model that can reflect the soil pressure of the deformation. Physical significance of classic soil pressure experience parameters model is indeterminate, it was generally obtained by a lot of specific soil test. In this paper a new analysis model was built though introducing the maximum stress value of the crawler board and soil surface on basis of a kind of existing analysis model. This model reveals the relations among the confined characteristics of soil, soil parameters and the geometry of confined crawler board. These soil parameters can be obtained through the conventional soil mechanics test without a large number of specific soil test. Through the contrast experiment and predictions results, this model can effectively predict the sinkage of ground soil under the load, and provide a theory basis for the prediction of vehicle mobility.
A Numerical Method for Analysing Heat Conduction in Composites Containing Encapsulated Phase Change Materials
Authors: Wang Hui , Qin Qing-Hua
Published: November 2018

In this study, a three-dimensional transient heat transfer model in a three-phase composite system is established to investigate effects of temperature reduction in a composite system due to the use of encapsulated phase change material (PCM). The entire composite system is composed of cement matrix material, PCM, and hollow metal microspheres (HMSs) which are introduced to accelerate the phase change efficiency of the PCM and to simultaneously hold the liquid phase of the PCM. The present transient heat transfer model is numerically solved via finite element technique for investigating the transient thermal performance of the three-phase composite system. The temperature distribution on the specific area is compared to that in the pure cement material and the two-phase composite system without metal shell for demonstrating the ability of temperature adjustment of the PCM. Finally, effects of the spatial distribution of HMS on the temperature variation in the three-phase composite system is further investigated to provide comprehensive understanding on energy adjustment of this composite system.
Research Method of Assembly Sequence Planning Based on Assembly Constraint Relationship Analysis
Authors: Yi Yang , Liu Xiaojun , Ni Zhonghua , Tang Xia , Xu Xiaokang
Published: November 2018

In order to effectively reduce the human-computer interaction (HCI) workload before the assembly process simulation in the digital assembly environment, and to enhance the intelligence of assembly sequence planning, we introduce the assembly constraint relationship into the automatic generation of assembly sequences and propose a practical assembly sequence planning method for intelligent assembly. Firstly, starting from the assembly geometry model, an assembly model liaison graph is constructed by combining the analysis of assembly constraint relationship and the definition of disassembly direction rules. Then, according to the liaison graph, disassembly priority constraint matrix based on constraint relationship is constructed, and the automatic generation and dynamic update of the disassembly priority diagram can be realized by the definition of disassembly doubly linked list. According to the diagram, the rationality of the disassembly sequence is determined through the interference check analysis, and then the assembly sequence is automatically generated from the reversed disassembly sequence. Finally, the method in the text is verified by an example case study.
Study on the frame load spectrum combining mileage and percentile extrapolation
Authors: Song Qingchun , Song Zhenghe , Du Yuefeng
Published: November 2018

In order to get the load spectrum that reflects the actual operation condition of agricultural machinery, this paper proposes to compile the load spectrum of frame by combining the method of load mileage extrapolation and percentile extrapolation. In this paper, the research object was carried out in the frame of vegetable tool carrier to study load spectrum and fatigue life. The finite element analysis of the frame is carried out, and a set of stress load test system is established based on the analysis results, and the stress time course is obtained under typical working conditions. The time domain signal is converted into frequency domain signal by rainflow counting method, and frequency statistics are carried out. According to the “From-to” matrix, the “Mean based ellipse” kernel function is used for non-parametric rainflow matrix extrapolation, considering the influence of different drivers in the actual operation, the load of three conditions is extrapolated by percentile. According to wave center method, developing eight two-dimensional load spectrum of the vegetable tool carrier frame and one-dimensional load spectrum that reflects of actual loading situation, which provides a reference for the compilation of load spectrum in agricultural machinery.
Kinematic Synthesis of Mechanism for System with a Technical Vision
Authors: Tultayev Baurzhan , Balbayev Gani , Zhauyt Algazy , Sultan Aidos , Mussina Aigerim
Published: November 2018

A solution to the problem of synthesizing an initial three-dimensional kinematic chain with spherical and rotary kinematic pairs is presented. It is shown that this chain can be used as a structural module for structural-kinematic synthesis of three-dimensional four-link motion generating lever mechanisms by the preset positions of the in-and output links. This paper affects the actual today’s problem of optimal synthesis of spatial link mechanisms. In this regard, the task of developing methods for the synthesis of complex spatial link mechanisms with the desired laws of motion of the input and output elements allowing automatizing the implementation of all design phases with the use of computer is quite relevant. The authors develop machine-oriented method of structural and kinematic synthesis of spatial link mechanisms based on the use of spatial initial kinematic chains (IKC) realizing prescribed motions. A new approach to the design of spatial mechanisms is suggested, according to which the design process is based on the kinematic synthesis of four-link initial kinematic chain (IKC) and associable kinematic chains (AKC).
Research on super capacitance properties of modified activated carbon in sodium sulfate electrolyte
Authors: Wang Lin , Wang Chun , Liu Ying , Yan Heng , Zhang Xiangbo , Xu Hongfeng
Published: November 2018

In order to improve the specific capacity and energy density of activated carbon electrode materials activated carbon was modified by surface treatment using hydrogen peroxide. The modified carbons were characterized the changes of pore structure and functional groups before and after modification by N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms and FTIR spectroscopy. The three electrode system was assembled with modified activated carbon as electrode materials and Na2SO4 as the electrolyte. The influence of surface modification on the performance of EDLCs was studied by galvanostatic charge-discharge, cyclic voltammetry, and alternating current impedance. The results show that the surface chemistry of the modified activated carbon material has changed, the specific surface area has changed and the pore size has not changed much with the introduction of new oxygen-containing functional groups. The specific capacity of the activated carbon material modified by 5h is 75F/g, which is 86.1% higher than that before the modification. It can be seen that the change of functional group after the modification of activated carbon can help to increase the specific capacity.
Research on the Optimal Combination of Concrete Aggregates Based on Bolomey Equation
Authors: Wang Fan , Zheng Shansuo , Wang Bin
Published: November 2018

Concrete mixture with high density is one of the important guarantees for its high strength, especially the gradation combination of coarse or fine aggregate. In order to overcome the deficient market supply of sand and gravel for meeting the need of high strength concrete and special concrete, based on the Bolomey equation, combining with the corresponding regulations and grading requirements of the concrete aggregates in the current CHINA standards as follows: Standard for technical requirements and test method of sand and crushed stone (or gravel) for ordinary concrete (JGJ 52), Sand for construction (GB/T 14684), Pebble and crushed stone for construction (GB/T 14685), establish a set of practical numerical calculation methods of the optimal combination on the continuous gradation of concrete aggregates. After concretepreparation test verification, with the optimal combination of Aggregates, concrete mix proportion is easy to determine with higher guarantee rate, its strength can be raised up to 20% with better durability.
Investigation of Chemical Cleaning of Supercritical Superheater Oxide Scale
Authors: Li Hongfeng , Xue Qingtang , Nie Xinhui , Xu Yunfei
Published: November 2018

Recent years, as the development of thermal power plant, superheater oxide film caused by over temperature and tube explosion and the turbine blade erosion problem more and more serious. The research and development of chemical cleaning technology of superheater oxide film is one of the most effective ways to solve this problem. The chemical cleaning of superheater is rather difficult than that of boiler, for mainly the reason as below. First, the scale of superheater tube, differences in microstructure, scales dense and need to use higher cleaning medium concentration and longer cleaning time. Second, the materials of superheater complex, involves ferritic steel and austenitic stainless steel such as 12Cr1MoV, T22, T91, TP347 and SUS304. For controlling chemical cleaning process, the acid corrosion sample is employed to slow inhibitor on different metal and alloys. Also, the traditional weight-loss method to evaluate the corrosion rate of materials in chemical cleaning process is discussed to monitor the corrosion process.
Biomimetic preparation of ternary heterogeneous catalyst derived from biopolymer in biological sludge and synergistic effects in Fenton process
Authors: Oanh Nguyen Thi , Zhang Jingyi , Asgodom Michael Engda , Yan Mei , Xie Huifang , Qu Hongxia
Published: November 2018

Biopolymer (BioP) was extracted from waste activated sludge and the ternary catalyst BioP@PANI@Fe3O4 was prepared by biomimetic method. Control experiments proved the synergistic effects of the components in BioP@PANI@Fe3O4. The degradation of high concentration of model pollutant proved its good performance as the heterogeneous Fenton catalyst.The high utilization efficiency of H2O2 and wide oprational pH range showed the promising application of BioP@PANI@Fe3O4 in the oxidative degradation of organic pollutants. The possible reaction mechanism on the surface of BioP@PANI@Fe3O4 lies in that PANI provide the acidic condition and the initially generated ≡Fe(II) species react with H2O2 to generate •OH, which destroy the organic dyes adsorbed onto catalyst surface. The redox process Fe(III)→Fe(II) take place easily due to convenient electro transfer in PANI and reduction power of functional groups in BioP.
Study on the effect of electrocatalytic oxidation treatment of 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol wastewater
Authors: Li Yaling , Jiang Wenqiang , Li Ruyu
Published: November 2018

2,4,6-Trinitrophenol is a toxic aromatic nitro-compounds that widely used in pharmaceutical, chemical and pesticide production. Due to its stable structure and poor biodegradability, advanced electrocatalytic oxidation technology was selected to treat simulated wastewater. The goal of the present work is to optimize the electrolysis conditions such as current density, electrolysis pH, and electrolyte concentration. A Pt modified TiO2electrode was chosen as the anode accompanied with a titanium electrode of the same size as the cathode The results showed that the removal efficiency of 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol was the highest when the current density was 20mA/cm2, electrolyte pH=5, electrolyte concentration was 2 g/L. Under the optimal condition, the removal rate of 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol reached 99.76% after 120 minutes electrolysis. The decay of TNP could also be described by the pseudo-first-order kinetics formula with respect to TNP concentration. Therefore, electrocatalytic oxidation technology might provide an effective method for the degradation of nitroaromatic organic compounds.
Catalytic Dehydrofluorination of Hydrofluoroalkanes to Fluorinated Olifein Over Ni/AlF3 Catalysts
Authors: Jia Wenzhi , Cai Xia , Zhang Yong , Zuo Xiaohua , Yuan Juanjuan , Liu Xinhua , Zhu Zhirong , Deng Xiangyi
Published: November 2018

The hydrofluoric acid-resisting aluminum compounds (AlF3, AlPO4, AlN) supported with Ni catalyst were prepared by the wetness impregnation and tested for dehydrofluorination of hydrofluoroalkane to synthesize fluoroolefins. It is found that Ni/AlF3 catalyst has the best catalytic performance, CF3CFH2 conversion of 29.3% after the reaction at 430 °C for 30 h, CF2HCH3 conversion of 31.8% after the reaction at 250 °C for 30 h, respectively. Comparatively, dehydrofluorination temperature of CF3CFH2 is higher than CF2HCH3 over the aluminum compounds catalyst, and the activity of catalysts is related with Lewis acidity. For the aluminum compounds catalyst, addition of Ni had promoted the activity and stability of Lewis acidic catalysts, it is attributed to synergistic catalysis of Lewis acid sites and Ni.
Response surface optimization of ultrasonic assisted extraction of flavonoids from Brucea javanica
Authors: Fei Aiping , Jiang Junyu , Wang Yong , Fang Zhigang , Teng Yingxue , Hao Xiaoliang
Published: November 2018

This text was mainly studied the response surface optimization of ultrasonic assisted extraction of flavonoids from Brucea javanica. The optimum extraction process conditions were obtained by color reaction to prove the presence of flavonoids and by response surface simulation and quantification, the optimum condition was: ethanol concentration was 90%, the ratio of liquid to solid was 10:1, and the extraction time was 2h, the total extraction rate was the largest, up to about 1.43%.
Comparisons of Inter-tablet Coating Variability under Different Tablet Shapes and Filling Levels by Using DEM Simulations
Authors: Zhang Qiushuang , Wan Hui , Jian Bin , Hu Guoming
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this paper is to investigate inter-tablet coating thickness variability based on different tablet shapes and filling levels. To achieve this goal, the Discrete Element Method (DEM) is applied, and efforts are made as following: For the first step, four different tablet shapes, referred to as Sphere, SRC (Standard Round Concave), Oval and Triangular, are built by importing three (except Sphere) CAD templates to create one or more spherical surfaces. Furthermore, a spray zone in the coating pan is presented to monitor the change of the “coating mass”, by virtue of which we calculate the inter-tablet coating variability. And to complete this work, custom contact models and properties are created to describe coating. Then, three different filling levels are added to the simulation. Eventually, the compared results are analyzed between three diverse filling degrees among tablet particles with four discrepant shapes.
Study on the effect of electrochemical treatment of nicosulfuron wastewater
Authors: Zhao Rui , Jiang Wenqiang
Published: November 2018

Nicosulfuron, a kind of sulfonylurea herbicide, because of its high activity and low dosage, has been widely used in corn planting weeding. Electrochemical method was chosen to treat its simulated waste water and the influence factors such as current intensity, plate spacing and electrolyte pH on electrolysis effect were investigated. A double-coated titanium dioxide titanium plate was chosen as the anode accompanied with a single-coated titanium plate as the cathode. The results showed that the removal efficiency of nicosulfuron was the highest when the electrolyte pH=3, the plate spacing is 1.5cm and the current intensity is 0.8A. Under the optimal condition, the removal rate of nicosulfuron reached 86.6% after 7 hours electrolysis. Thus, electrochemical technology might provide a significant method to remove the synthetic organic compounds.
An Electroactive Polymer Modified Separator with A Potential Clamp Function
Authors: Zhang Kaiyue , Xiao Wei , Liu Jianguo , Yan Chuanwei
Published: November 2018

An inexpensive electroactive polymer polytriphenylamine (PTPAn) was synthesized through chemical oxidative polymerization of TPA. The composite separator was simply prepared by impregnating a commercial PP separator with PTPAn polymer solution. PTPAn was observed on the surface of the composite separator and formed a uniform coating. In cyclic voltammetry test, PTPAn polymer exhibited a pair of well-defined redox peaks between 3.0 and 4.5 V, which could be regarded as a reversible electrochemical p-doping and dedoping process. When incorporated in a blocking cell, the composite separator was able to hold a constant potential for current densities up to 5 mA/cm2 to protect the cell from overcharging.
Effect Comparison of Rotated Tiles and Symmetrical Tiles on Binary Counter in DNA Self-Assembly
Authors: Zhu Aijun , Zhao Chunxia , Chen Duanyong , Xu Chuanpei , Hu Cong , Niu Junhao
Published: November 2018

With the development of DNA Self-Assembly, several phenomena have happened and been discovered, which maybe lead to faulty crystals or patterns with faults. Among those unexpected phenomena, rotated tiles and symmetrical tiles have still not been discussed in detail. There is also no such research that compares the effect of rotated tiles and symmetrical tiles on Binary Counter in DNA SelfAssembly This paper compares and analyses the effect of rotated tiles and symmetrical tiles on binary counter in DNA Self-Assembly. The precise relationship between rotated tiles and symmetrical tiles is achieved taking into account the type of rotated tiles and symmetrical tiles. Experimental simulation results through Xgrow prove that the comparison and analysis is effective and correct.
Social media for e-learning of citizens in smart city
Authors: Balicki Jerzy , Balicka Honorata , Dryja Piotr , Tyszka Maciej
Published: November 2018

The rapid development of social media can be applied for citizens’ e-learning in a smart city. Big cities have to cope with several open issues like a growing population or a traffic congestion. Especially, a home and public space is supposed to be used in more efficient way. Sustainable homes and buildings can be planned with using some modern techniques. Even currently, there is a huge problem with a lack of key resources like water and energy. So, an efficient management of resources is strongly required. What is more, a global warming and carbon emissions are considered as some critical factors for living conditions in many cities, too. A vision of a smart city is related to a better protection of a natural environment and a more efficient use of it. Moreover, citizens expect an efficient and sustainable transportation in livable city. To present some solutions on above issues, this paper outlines the methodology of using social media to provide necessary knowledge by citizenship training systems. In particular, some selected e-learning applications have been characterized. They are related to pedagogical agents in e-learning. In addition, some advanced meta-heuristics have been proposed with particular emphasis on genetic programming, artificial neural networks, neuro-evolution algorithms, support vector machines, and some collective intelligence algorithms. Finally, cloud services are discussed regarding a smart city management and training.
Development of knowledge in the pre-industrial era – a historical perspective
Authors: Bizon Wojciech , Lubińska Natalia
Published: November 2018

Knowledge is the source of a progress in a modern economy. This progress, however, was not sustainable or even as rapid in the past as it is today. The article explains the evolution of knowledge over the ages: how it was manifested and what its influence was on the economy and on society in the pre-industrial era – up until the industrial revolution and the dissemination of capitalism.
Reporting for sustainable development in Poland – the analysis of the actual state of affairs and the proposed directions of changes
Authors: Czaja-Cieszyńska Hanna , Kochański Konrad
Published: November 2018

The aim of the article is the quantitative and qualitative analysis of non-financial reporting in Poland, with particular consideration given to different aspects of generating useful information for sustainable development. The following considerations concentrate on the analysis of the actual state of affairs and the proposed directions of changes in this scope and, to make the analysis, the following research hypothesis was formulated: legislative changes concerning the obligation to disclose non-financial information by some public trust entities will contribute to the development of reporting non-financial information in Poland. Both the quantitative and qualitative analysis of reporting for sustainable development in Poland confirmed the low level of development. Before the introduction of amendments in Polish legislation, i.e. until the end of 2017, a total number of the voluntarily published non-financial reports amounted to around 300-400, which is by far insufficient. It is estimated that, as a result of the introduced legislative changes, in 2018 the number of prepared reports will increase of about 300, which will have a considerable influence on the development of the Polish reporting system. In the study, the authors applied the following research methods: literature studies, the analysis of legal regulations and secondary sources as well as the method of inductive reasoning and synthesis.
Internet and its impact on the market position of telecom operators
Authors: Czaplewski Maciej
Published: November 2018

Telecom operators specialize in the provision of information and communication (IC) services. For a long time they have the potential to provide traditional services, including voice and text messages, which are being constantly improved, primarily due to the progress in information and communication technologies (ICT). The progress in ICT and the offer of IC services in recent years is related to the implementation and development of Internet. In consequence the traditional offer of IC services is extended by innovative services enabling the transmission of voice, data and images. At the same time, these services are starting to be provided not only by telecom operators but also by other entities, in particular the so-called Over The Top (OTT) operators, including Google, Facebook, Amazon etc.
Artificial intelligence and internet of things for sustainable development – emerging technological and social opportunities and threats
Authors: Jabłońska Marta R. , Zajdel Radosław
Published: November 2018

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) are those which will bring a bright future for sustainable development by reducing an unsustainability that disturbs societies, environment, and natural resources. The rapid and multidisciplinary AI and IoT evolution, the relative novelty of the concept itself and little literature concerning their role in sustainable development goals achieving, present an area for further research. Our aim is to research AI and IoT potential and risk for reaching sustainable development, focusing on a job market. We conducted a bibliometric analysis concerning these technologies impact on sustainable development goals achieving, especially technical factors and labor market impact. Results proved that AI and IoT massive deployment brings real threats, still, opportunities and possible benefits that are sought overbalance potential risks.
Ballast water management for sustainable development – some remarks on Polish law
Authors: Pyć Dorota
Published: November 2018

The main aim of the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM Convention) is to prevent, minimize and ultimately eliminate the risk of introducing harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens (HAOP) transferred in ships’ ballast waters and sediments to non-native environment for them, mainly for waters in seaports and coastal waters. The BWM Convention entered into force globally on 8 September 2017. This convention is based on the precautionary principle and the ecosystem approach to achieving sustainable development goals. Effective protection and preservation of the maritime environment depends on the preventive and reasonable actions, especially in case of environmental threats or combating pollution. This means that it is necessary to react efficiently by relevant authorities and boost international and regional cooperation, as well as development of other instruments such as inspection and reporting systems. The purpose of this paper is to present the state of preparation to the implementation of the BWM Convention in connection with its ratification by Poland, which is planned for 2018.
Current trends and macroeconomic effects of fiscal space functioning of Ukraine
Authors: Vasylevska Halyna
Published: November 2018

Modern features of fiscal space functioning of Ukraine are investigated in this article, the conditions and trends of its formation in the context of global social and economic transformations are determined. The theoretical principles of forming the fiscal space of the state are considered. The author gives explanations of definitions: fiscal environment and fiscal space. The components of the fiscal space are outlined and the course of their interaction within the defined fiscal environment as the basic component of the mechanism of formation of mutual relations for the reproduction of the efficiency and effective functioning of the assimilative formations of the fiscal space is determined. The monitoring of the macroeconomic environment of the formation of the fiscal space in Ukraine has been monitored. Ukraine's place in international ratings has been shown and a number of key indicators has been analyzed, on the basis of which the main reasons for the exacerbation of permanent economic and social crises were clarified, as well as the main guidelines for overcoming them.
Employees’ involvement in continuous improvement processes of the enterprises in Poland – barriers and the ways of reducing them
Authors: Walentynowicz Piotr
Published: November 2018

In the writing, the results of empirical studies regarding the barriers of regular employees’ involvement in continuous improvements processes of the enterprises in Poland and the ways of breaking the barriers identified on the basis of the related literature and the author’s researches in this matter were presented. Because of the fact that the examined managers and regular employees of companies were of slightly different opinions regarding the researched phenomenon, in the final compilation of the main barriers, the barriers determined by both - the first and the second group of respondents were included. This issue strongly fits into the subject of companies’ sustainable development because without the effective involvement from the employees’ part in these processes, there is no sustainable performance (including CSR) or successful continuous improvement of the companies.
Contactless payments in Poland - advantages and disadvantages based on surveys of a selected group of users over the years 2011-2018
Authors: Zakonnik Łukasz , Czerwonka Piotr , Zajdel Radosław
Published: November 2018

The aim of the article is to evaluate changes in the perception of advantages and disadvantages of contactless payments by a specific group of users. Young and well-educated people were considered to be an interesting research group. The presented analysis was made from the perspective of three points in time the first point was the end of 2011, the second turn of 2015/2016, and finally the third beginning of 2018. The research tool was an online survey. The research material was subjected to statistical assessment. The conducted research has shown that within a decade from the introduction of contactless payments in Poland, these payments became something obvious for a group of young people and more importantly something they regularly use. The knowledge about the concept of contactless payments is supported by the relatively high general knowledge of the technical aspect of making payments. Interestingly, gaps in knowledge correspond perfectly with security concerns there are still serious concerns about not only the act of making contactless payments, but also those related to the storage of the payment instrument.
Sustainable management of different valley ecosystems
Authors: Brandyk Andrzej , Majewski Grzegorz , Krukowski Marcin , Baryła Anna
Published: November 2018

Development and conservation of valley ecosystems has been an important issue for a long time, with respect to extensive, interdisciplinary research problems, offered ecosystem services and wide public interest. It has been as yet controversial, which indicators would describe the achievement of particular environmental status by those ecosystems, since they tend to be rather complex, showing fragile equilibrium and high vulnerability. With the use of hydrological modelling and proper criteria we demonstrated possibilities to balance well the concern for managers to control features regarding ecosystem health. It was evident during different hydroperiods, that ground water inflow conditions, influenced by investments into hydraulic structures functioning, arise as driving factor for environmental and ecological disturbance.
Uncertainty of PM10concentration measurement on the example of an optical measuring device
Authors: Owczarek Tomasz , Rogulski Mariusz
Published: November 2018

The interest in the natural environment, in particular the ambient air, has been growing. For this reason, growing interest in measuring of concentration of pollutants in the air. To the reduction of costs and time of obtained results, increasingly are used non-reference, alternative methods and devices. However, it is necessary to ensure equivalence of results obtained by alternative methods with the results of the reference method.

One of the equivalence issues is the assessment of the measurements uncertainty of the alternative method in relation to the reference method. This uncertainty is understood as the probability of obtaining a measurement result which differs from the real (reference) result by a predetermined value. Uncertainty can be caused by many reasons: imperfect implementation of the definition of the measurand, incomplete knowledge of the influence of external factors, heterogeneity of the analyzed phenomenon, errors of the measuring device and others. The paper presents methods for testing the uncertainty of measurements used in the study of equivalence and also proposed extending the test procedure with equivalence models, different from the linear regression models.
Spiegeln Facebook-Bewertungen die Versorgungsqualität und
Patientenzufriedenheit von Krankenhäusern wider? Eine Querschnittstudie
am Beispiel der Geburtshilfe in Deutschland
Authors: Emmert Martin , Becker Sandra , Meszmer Nina , Sander Uwe
Published: November 2018

Zielsetzung Social Media Portale, wie z. B. Facebook,
erfreuen sich zunehmender Beliebtheit. Unklar ist bislang, ob
Facebook-Bewertungen für Krankenhäuser eine
Orientierungshilfe bei der Krankenhauswahl darstellen können. Die
Zielsetzung dieser Studie besteht in der Untersuchung des Zusammenhangs
zwischen Facebook-Bewertungen und Ergebnissen zur klinischen
Versorgungsqualität und Patientenzufriedenheit für deutsche
Krankenhäuser am Beispiel der Geburtshilfe.

Methodik (1) Ermittlung aller Krankenhäuser mit einer
Abteilung für Geburtshilfe anhand der Daten der externen
stationären Qualitätssicherung (2015) und Dokumentation von
Struktur- und Ergebnisdaten. (2) Ermittlung der Versorgungsqualität
der Krankenhäuser anhand der Ergebnisse aus dem Strukturierten
Dialog und (3) Einteilung der Krankenhäuser in 3
Performance-Gruppen. (4) Erhebung von Facebook-Bewertungen und (5)
Ergebnissen der PEQ-Befragung für die eingeschlossenen
Krankenhäuser. (6) Zusammenhangsprüfung mittels des Spearman
Korrelationskoeffizienten.

Ergebnisse Von 752 eingeschlossenen Krankenhäuser waren 728
(96,8%) auf Facebook auffindbar. Die Facebook-Bewertungen der
Krankenhäuser waren positiv, im Bereich der Geburtshilfe sehr
positiv. Facebook-Bewertungen im Generellen (ρ=0,007;
p=0,856) oder für die Geburtshilfe im Speziellen
(ρ=0,008; p=0,856) wiesen keinen Zusammenhang mit
den klinischen Ergebnissen der externen stationären
Qualitätssicherung auf. Im Gegensatz dazu korrelieren
Facebook-Bewertungen signifikant mit den PEQ-Zufriedenheitswerten. Die
Korrelation fällt dabei für die sich auf das gesamte
Krankenhaus beziehenden Onlinebewertungen (ρ=0,383-0,543;
p<0,001) stärker aus als für die sich auf die
Geburtshilfe beziehenden Onlinebewertungen
(ρ=0,111–0,250; p<0,05).

Schlussfolgerung Facebook-Bewertungen haben derzeit einen
eingeschränkten Nutzen für Patienten, die auf der Suche nach
guten Kliniken, gemessen an der klinischen Versorgungsqualität,
sind. Facebook könnte für solche Patienten eine Orientierung
bei der Krankenhauswahl darstellen, die sich auf Erfahrungen anderer
Patienten verlassen und weniger die klinische Versorgungsqualität
fokussieren.
The Effect of Remnant Preservation on Tibial Tunnel Enlargement in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Polyethylene Terephthalate Artificial Ligament in a Large Animal Model
Authors: Cai Jiangyu , Wan Fang , Ai Chengchong , Jin Wenhe , Sheng Dandan , Liu Xingwang , Wang Siheng , Zhi Yunlong , Chen Jun , Chen Shiyi
Published: November 2018

An enlarged bone tunnel may affect the graft–bone integration and pose a problem for revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of remnant preservation on tibial tunnel enlargement in ACL reconstruction with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) artificial ligament. Twenty-four skeletally mature male beagles underwent ACL reconstruction with PET artificial ligament for both knees. One knee was reconstructed with remnant preservation using sleeve technique (remnant group), while the contralateral was reconstructed without remnant preservation (control group). The animals were sacrificed at 1 day, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks after surgery for further evaluation including macroscopic observation, microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), histological assessment, and biomechanical testing. The remnant group had better synovial coverage than the control group at 6 and 12 weeks after surgery. The micro-CT analysis showed the tibial tunnel area (TTA) of the remnant group was significantly smaller and the bone volume/total volume fraction (BV/TV) value was higher than those of the control group at 6 and 12 weeks. Moreover, TTA and BV/TV at each time point were divided into three groups according to the different grade of synovial coverage. Significant association was observed between the synovial coverage degree and the TTA and BV/TV values. The histological assessment revealed that the interface width between the graft and host bone in the remnant group was smaller than that in the control group in the tibial tunnels at 6 and 12 weeks. Moreover, the remnant group had better failure load and stiffness than the control group at 12 weeks. The remnant preservation using sleeve technique could effectively promote the synovial coverage of the graft, decrease the risk of tibial tunnel enlargement by sealing the bone tunnel entrance, and enhance the biological environment for graft–bone healing after ACL reconstruction using PET artificial ligament. This technique provides a potential solution for bone tunnel enlargement following artificial ligament surgery for the acute ACL rupture in the clinical practice.