bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peculiarities of Translating English Audiovisual Text: A Didactic Aspect
Authors: Derik Ilona , Yukhymets Svitlana , Bytkivska Yaryna , Kozachyshyna Oksana , Hrachova Iryna , Kobuta Svitlana
Published: May 2024

The study aimed to explore the peculiarities of audiovisual text translation into Ukrainian, with a focus on dubbing, and to determine the role of cross-linguistic and cross-cultural differences in audiovisual translation (herein – AVT) didactics. The research used a comparative analysis of the biographical drama “The Queen” (2006) and its dubbed version in Ukrainian to identify essential translation features. The study found that AVT involves the translator’s cognitive processing of textual matter, requiring linguistic competence in two languages and acquiring strategies linked to semantic analysis and synthesis. The study demonstrated that structural, semantic, and stylistic features are specific to the film genre and dictate the choice of translation transformations, which include contextual and synonymic substitutions, omission, amplification, permutation, antonymous, and descriptive translation. The comparative analysis of dubbed dialogues in “The Queen” (2006) can help students learn different translation techniques, improve their language skills, understand cultural differences, and identify improvement areas. The research emphasizes the need for additional investigation to provide better-quality Ukrainian subtitles and dubbed film versions.
Azadirachta indica as a sustainable nutritional alternative in Nile tilapia farming—A mini review
Authors: Ferreira Matheus Berlofa , Dos Santos Paola Capistrano , Dos Santos Gracienhe Gomes , Dos Anjos Gabriele Bueno , De Matos Silv Graziella Vivine Gonçalves , De Souza Ana Paula , Ferreira Giulia Beatrice , Owatari Marco Shizuo , Mouriño José Luiz Pedreira , Martins Mauricio Laterça
Published: May 2024

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus is the most cultivated fish species in continental waters and represents the second most important group for global aquaculture. In Brazilian continental fish farming, diseases represent an annual loss of approximately US$84 million. Aiming to minimize these adversities, researchers are constantly investigating viable alternatives to improve fish health, mainly through diet. At present, various products of plant origin are tested in aquaculture as growth and health promoters in fish as an alternative to chemotherapeutics and antibiotics, which represent real concerns for the health of animals, environment, and consumers. Azadirachtin, also known as neem extract, is a bioactive phytocompound extracted from Azadirachta indica, with great microbicidal and immunostimulating potential. In animal feed, neem extract or azadirachtin have already been tested as growth promoters, immunostimulants and modulators of the gastrointestinal microbiota. In recent years, many studies involving the use of azadirachtin and other neem derivatives have presented varied and controversial results in aquaculture, with positive and negative effects on the productive performance and health of animals. Therefore, the present review aimed to systematize information about A. indica and its derivatives, considering the viability for use in tilapia farming.
Od redaktorki: Badania jakościowe – metody, współuczestnicy, proces realizacji
Authors: Ślęzak Izabela
Published: May 2024

Niniejszy tekst jest wprowadzeniem do numeru tematycznego „Badania jakościowe – metody, współuczestnicy, proces realizacji”. W pierwszej części wprowadzenia zarysowany jest kontekst powstania tomu, to jest sytuacja dynamicznych przemian w polu metod jakościowych, wybrzmiewania nowych pytań dotyczących ról badacza i uczestników badań, a także szukania nowych dróg realizacji projektów badawczych. W drugiej części zaprezentowane są w skrótowej formie artykuły składające się na tom. Są one efektem metodologicznych poszukiwań badaczy i wyrazem ich twórczego radzenia sobie z wyzwaniami pojawiającymi się na poszczególnych etapach procesu badawczego. Zebrane w tomie artykuły ukazują zróżnicowanie współczesnego pola badań jakościowych.
Structural Conflict in the Polish Migrant Community in the UK
Authors: Kozak Jarosław
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of the author’s research concerning the place and characteristics of structural conflict in the functioning of the Polish migrant community in the UK. The backdrop for the analyzed phenomenon was post-accession migrations. Giving rise to phenomena and processes significant to the development of social structure, they constitute one of the critical factors in social change. The study used qualitative analysis to identify which of the analyzed social areas generated structural conflicts in the investigated environment. Structural conflict, in its many dimensions, was present not only between migrants and the host society, but also between migrants from different countries and between migrants from the same diaspora. This called into question the previously prevalent belief about the cohesion of the migrant community. The present study may serve as a point of departure for further explorations concerning issues such as structural barriers in a multinational society.
Digital and Sustainable Trade Facilitation in Western Balkans Countries
Authors: Toshevska-Trpchevska Katerina , Lei Weng Chi (Florence) , Stojkoski Viktor
Published: May 2024

After the COVID-19 pandemic crisis in international economic relations, it became evident that climate-smart aspects should be considered when re-establishing a new international trade order. International organizations have proclaimed that this momentum should be used to include climate-smart trade and investment provisions to enable sustainable development. It has been acknowledged that trade has an important role to play in the global response to climate change, providing economies with tools to draw on in their efforts to mitigate climate change and adapt to its consequences. In this paper, we focus the analysis on investigating the digital and sustainable component of trade facilitation measures applied in Western Balkans countries. To evaluate the importance of trade facilitation measures and their digital and sustainable components we apply the standard gravity model with the data from the UN Global Survey on digital and sustainable trade facilitation. The results show that trade facilitation measures are important for improving and increasing trade among the Western Balkans countries. Especially, measures connected to improving transparency procedures in trade and measures for alleviating trade formalities are most significant for increasing bilateral trade among Western Balkans countries. With a lower level of importance are the measures for improving cross-border paperless trade between these countries.
Buried treasures and ancient forges: a historical analysis of mines and ironworks in the Stilaro Valley
Authors: Fiorenza Elia
Published: May 2024

This study aims to delve into the mines and ironworks of the Stilaro Valley and the ancient ironworking processes that occurred there. Up until the late 19th century, the area encompassing the municipalities of Bivongi, Pazzano, Stilo, Fabrizia, Mongiana, and Guardavalle stood as one of southern Italy's foremost centers for iron production and mining. Drawing upon archaeological, historical, and archival sources, this research seeks to enrich our comprehension of the economic and industrial activities that define this region. Utilizing techniques such as direct source study and cross-referencing with literature on the subject, this investigation has consulted archival documents stored in the State Archives of Naples and the State Archives of Catanzaro. The historical and geological backdrop of the Stilaro Valley furnishes an insight into its mineral wealth and the intricate mining and ironworking undertakings spanning centuries. Historical evidence, bolstered by significant discoveries, suggests an ancient tradition of metalworking in the area, with its influence extending into Magna Graecia. The scrutiny of mines and ironworks unveils a nuanced dynamic of adaptation and interaction among ancient communities, whose migrations and settlements were shaped by the natural resources and economic prospects offered by the region. The significance of mines and ironworks transcends mere economic and industrial development; they also profoundly influenced the cultural and social fabric of ancient and medieval Calabria. Initiatives like the Ecomuseum of the Ironworks and Foundries of Calabria underscore the imperative of conserving and promoting this historical and industrial legacy for generations to come.
Evidence of komatiitic basalt enclaves in the Téra-Ayorou pluton (Liptako, West Niger) (West African Craton)
Authors: Attourabi Sofiyane Abdourahamane , Hallarou Mallam Mamane , Ahmed Yacouba , Chékaraou Mahamane Moustapha Sanda
Published: May 2024

The present study focuses on the basic enclaves (amphibolo-pyroxenites) of the Téra-Ayorou pluton in Niger Liptako (NE portion of the Man Ridge of the West African Craton). The methodology used includes field observations, supported by polarizing microscope observations of thin sections and geochemical analyses of whole rock. These enclaves are characterized by high MgO, low Na2O, K2O, and TiO2 contents, high CaO/Al2O3 ratios, depletion of light rare earth and enrichment in Ni and Cr. These basic enclaves are thought to come from certain basic to ultrabasic Pogwa and Ladanka plutonites in the Diagorou-Darbani greenstone belt, with which they share the same geochemical characteristics. This suggests that these enclaves were ripped out by the pluton as it was being emplaced. The basic enclaves and basic plutonites with ultrabasites have different signatures from those of the birimian basites of the West African Craton, which are tholeiitic and calc-alkaline. The amphibolo-pyroxenite enclaves of the Téra-Ayorou pluton and the basic to ultrabasic plutonites of the Diagorou-Darbani greenstone belt constitute a fairly continuous line of komatiitic rocks from peridotites (serpentinites) to basalts (metapyroxenites, amphibolites). This komatiitic lineage results from the fractional crystallization of a magmatic liquid from a mantle source with variable partial melting rates. The komatiitic line and the tholeiitic
Addiction as a Disruption of the Markov Blanket: A Hyper-Precision of Momentary Rewards Over Long-Term Adaptation
Authors: Albarracin Mahault
Published: May 2024

This opinion piece proposes that addiction can be conceptualized as a disruption of an agent’s Markov blanket - the statistical boundary separating internal states from the external environment - under active inference. Addiction arises when the Markov blanket becomes overly rigid, assigning excessive precision to a narrow set of sensory inputs and active states associated with the addictive stimulus. This leads to compulsive behaviors aimed at immediate rewards while sacrificing the exploration of flexible action policies that would reduce uncertainty and optimize the agent’s long-term fit with the environment. The addicted agent becomes trapped in a limited behavioral repertoire, unable to adapt to volatility, thus eroding its own resilience. Rigid, compulsive patterns of interaction can propagate outwards, undermining the resilience and sustainability of the wider ecosystem. This perspective offers an integrative framework for understanding addictive disorders and their broader impacts, suggesting interventions aimed at pulling the Markov blanket away from problematic attractors and promoting adaptive exploration.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Cruris Due to Chronic Osteomyelitis After ORIF Removal: Case Report
Authors: Khoiruddin Mukhammad Arif Hadi , Samsul Huda
Published: May 2024

Karsinoma sel skuamosa (SCC) merupakan tumor ganas langka yang dapat timbul dari osteomielitis kronis dengan berbagai gambaran klinikopatologi lesi. Kami melaporkan SCC yang disebabkan oleh osteomielitis kronis. Laki-laki 68 tahun datang dengan keluhan kaki kemerahan, edema, gangrene yang membuat kesulitan berjalan. Benjolan pertama kali diketahui setelah pelepasan open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) pada tahun 2022 pasca trauma yang dialaminya 18 tahun lalu. Pasien memiliki riwayat diabetes mellitus. Pada pemeriksaan foto rontgen cruris dextra AP lateral lesi litik geographic type dan lesi litik moth eaten type pada tibia yang mengarah pada gambaran osteomielitis. Selain itu, ditemukan lesi dengan ukuran 9,3x6,9x16cm pada distal femur dan proksimal tibia kanan pada MRI tanpa kontras lesi mendestruksi epifisis hingga cartilago pada distal femur dan proksimal tibia kanan yang menunjang pada malignant solid mass pada MRI kontras serta jaringan terfragmentasi. Sel tersebut tapak tersusun solid nest dan trabecular dengan kesan infiltratif ke jaringan sekitar. Tampak area nekrosis dengan sel PMN disekitarnya yang mengarah pada well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) pada biopsi. SCC yang disebabkan oleh osteomielitis pasca pelepasan ORIF merupakan kasus yang jarang. Mekanisme yang diakibatkan oleh infeksi dan inflamasi diperparah oleh DM.
Asymmetric Adler-Becker reaction – an open issue
Authors: Rosatella Andreia A. , Afonso Carlos A. M.
Published: May 2024

The Adler-Becker reaction, described in the 1970s, plays a crucial role in the total synthesis of numerous natural products. This reaction describes the transformation of salicylic alcohols into spiroepoxydienones through oxidative dearomatization. Despite its widespread use, the literature lacks a description of the chiral version of this reaction. In this study, we detail several attempts to achieve asymmetry, utilizing a biphasic solvent system with various potential chiral phase transfer catalysts (including chinchonine and sparteine). Additionally, we explored periodate salts with chiral cations and sodium periodate immobilized in a chiral cationic resin. Although the desired enantioselectivity remained elusive, we believe that this work can contribute to the scientific community, as it can serve as a guiding reference for exploring novel chiral approaches in this reaction.
Exogenous factors associated with legacy PFAS concentrations in the general U.S. population: NHANES 1999-2018
Authors: McAdam Jordan , Jones Laura E. , Romeiko Xiaobo Xue , Bell Erin M.
Published: May 2024

To reduce per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure through legislation and other interventions, we must understand factors contributing to individual body burden. Identifying factors associated with serum perfluorinated compounds (PFAS) concentrations also aids in identifying groups at higher risk of adverse health outcomes due to elevated exposure. This exploratory analysis provides initial findings on exposure-related factors associated with legacy PFAS concentrations in the general United States (U.S.) population. We obtained National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets with individual serum PFAS measurements from cycle years 1999-2018 (N = 14,961), excluding the 2001-2002 cycle due to pooled sampling. Over 100 features were evaluated for associations with PFAS concentrations. Data were singly imputed using hot deck and predictive mean matching (PMM) methods, and model performance by imputation method was compared using elastic net regression (ENR) models. Hot-deck imputation explained the most variance in predictive models; thus, a dataset imputed via hot-deck was used for feature selection. ENR models were employed to identify the top variables associated with legacy PFAS concentrations, and selected features were put into linear mixed models to obtain beta estimates and standard errors. Survey year, demographic, income, place of birth and citizenship status, household size, dietary, health, food insecurity, general health and healthcare, housing, social and behavioral, and other characteristics were important factors associated with legacy PFAS concentrations in this nationally representative study population. A better understanding of exogenous factors associated with PFAS concentrations can influence future epidemiological studies, guiding decisions on adjustment for confounding, and advancing our understanding of factors that affect chemical half-lives and toxicokinetics.
Privacy Preserving Human Mobility Generation using Grid based Data and Graph Autoencoders
Authors: Netzler Fabian , Lienkamp Markus
Published: May 2024

The proposed method deals with the problem of data privacy and sharing when processing personal mobility tracking data. Previous methods concentrate on producing highly detailed data on short-term and restricted areas, e.g. for autonomous driving scenarios. Another possibility consists of city-wide scales and beyond, that are used to predict general traffic flows. The presented approach takes the tracked mobility behavior of individuals to create coherent new mobility data that reflects the long-term mobility behavior of the person, guaranteeing location persistency and sound embedding within the point-of-interest structure of the observed area. After an analysis and clustering step with the original data, the area is distributed into a geospatial grid structure (H3 is used here), and the neighborhood relationships between the grids are interpreted as a graph. A feed-forward-autoencoder and a graph encoding-decoding network generate a latent space representation of the area. The original clustered data is associated with their respective H3 grids. With a greedy algorithm approach and concerning privacy strategies, new combinations of grids are top-level patterns for individual mobility behavior. Concrete locations are found and connected within the grids based on the original data. The described method is then applied to a study with 1000 participants from the city of Munich in Germany, and the results are described, showing the application of the approach in generating synthetic data, enabling further research on individual mobility behavior and patterns. The result is a sharable dataset on the same abstraction level as the input data, which makes it interesting, particularly for machine learning applications.
The 2019 Rugby World Cup and Economic Impacts on Hotels Recovering from Disasters
Authors: Nguyen David N.
Published: May 2024

Japan has experienced two major disasters within the last 15 years, the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake. In order to strengthen economic recovery in the affected regions, Japan implemented tourism development policies which led to a significant increase in tourism numbers. This rise in tourism reached an apex as the country hosted the 2019 Rugby World Cup (RWC). While most of the venues were located in major cities, three of the venues were held in areas that were affected by the aforementioned disasters. This study utilizes semi-structured interviews with representatives from accommodation industries located in host cities recovering from recent disasters. Interview questions focused on the impact of past disaster events, the RWC, COVID-19, and the Go to Travel campaign (GTTC) on business. Our findings highlight that although the tourism industry brought economic opportunities, it also increased its vulnerabilities to external shocks, especially in the accommodation industry. Although all accommodations interviewed were negatively affected, their ability to manage its impacts varied. While the RWC brought an increase in tourism, this was quickly overshadowed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite its negative impacts on businesses, the government played a key role in reducing its impacts through GTTC.
Inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction Toward a Society Wherein All People Can Choose How They Live: A Report from a Panel of World BOSAI Forum 2023
Authors: Hara Yuta , Izutsu Takashi , Narita Eiko , Tanaka Koichi , Soda Natsuki , Sugata Rika , Sasaki Daisuke , Ono Yuichi
Published: May 2024

This report is summary of a panel discussion at the World BOSAI Forum held in Sendai in 2023. We invited panelists with diverse backgrounds from the inclusion and diversity frontlines and were able to document their experiences. The panel included a mental health specialist, an employee of a UN agency, working on sexual and reproductive health, a musical producer, persons with disabilities working for the independence of disabled people (a local NGO staff), and a young undergraduate student. First, it was shared that the protection and safety of persons with disabilities in times of disaster is already deemed a responsibility to be implemented by each country as per the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2006. Second, to realize “no one will be left behind,” including women, sexual minorities, and children, three issues, i.e., who is assisting, the importance of human dignity, and the values of arts and culture, as well as two key approaches, i.e., mainstream and targeted actions, were presented. Additionally, the importance of reflecting on the above in national and regional planning during times of normalcy was clarified. All citizens, especially those engaged in the sector of disaster risk reduction, need to learn the frontline of discussions and initiatives on human rights and welfare as well as to reflect on policy and regional planning. This is essential for reducing vulnerability to disasters and building a resilient society.
REFLEXIONES SOBRE LA IMPARTICIÓN DE JUSTICIA CON PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO EN EL AMPARO EN REVISIÓN 1284/2015
Authors: Mancha Valenzuela Ma. Guadalupe
Published: May 2024

Ante el escenario de violencia de género que se vive día con día en México, es importante conocer casos trascendentales que han obligado al Estado mexicano a crear leyes y protocolos de actuación que faciliten el desempeño de los órganos investigadores en la procuración de justicia y el respeto a los derechos humanos de las mujeres. Casos que han marcado a nuestro país, como es González y otras (Campo algodonero), y que han dejado como recomendaciones la creación de herramientas jurisdiccionales que ayuden a la erradicación del fenómeno de violencia contra la mujer y que busquen la no repetición del delito. Los protocolos creados van dirigidos a la policías preventivas e investigadoras, ministerios públicos y juzgadores, es decir, a las autoridades intervinientes en la violencia contra las mujeres. Se trata de mecanismos que buscan prevenir, investigar, perseguir y sancionar los delitos en contra de las mujeres, cuya finalidad es terminar con la sistematización de la cultura del machismo, discriminación y desigualdad en la que viven miles de niñas y mujeres mexicanas. En este sentido, la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación estableció un protocolo analítico que sirve de guía para juzgar con perspectiva de género. Abarca un marco conceptual, un estudio sobre su incorporación y evolución en la administración de justicia. En la búsqueda incansable del cambio social mexicano y la lucha contra la impunidad, el reconocimiento de la diversidad, el combate contra la desigualdad y la erradicación de la violencia de género, es importante conocer el tema, comprenderlo y socializarlo para poder enfrentarlo.
La importancia del dibujo geométrico en los proyectos urbanos del arquitecto español Román Jiménez Iranzo
Authors: Lozano Velasco José María , Lozano Peris Antonio
Published: May 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo exponer la relevante y estrecha relación entre el dibujo y la creación del espacio público en la obra del arquitecto valenciano Román Jiménez Iranzo, profesional de gran relevancia en la construcción de la Valencia moderna, ciudad en la que ejecutó gran parte de su prolífica obra, la cual abarca desde la edificación residencial hasta la intervención en calles y plazas de la misma, fundamentalmente tras ser nombrado Jefe de Servicio de Proyectos Urbanos del Ayuntamiento. Es precisamente en esta etapa municipal (1991-2005), cuando junto a su colega, el también arquitecto Pedro Soler, dio evidencia del dominio de la geometría tanto euclidiana como fractal, mostrando en sus proyectos urbanos una amplia paleta de composiciones dominadas por el triángulo rectángulo isósceles y derivadas de su, hasta ahora desconocida, obra plástica. Estas intervenciones, siempre con una fuerte influencia historicista y cargadas de simbología, le permitieron explorar soluciones dotadas de personalidad que ocultan con sutileza mensajes a primera vista imperceptibles, necesitando el espectador de una mirada culta y calmada para develarlos y apreciarlos en su totalidad. Mirada que el propio Román Jiménez transmitió a sus alumnos durante su largo periodo docente como director y profesor de dibujo en la asignatura de Análisis de Formas Arquitectónicas en la Escuela de Arquitectura de Valencia, en cuya recuperación jugó un papel fundamental. El presente trabajo es resultado de la tesis en ciernes, donde se investiga y profundiza sobre su obra plástica en relación con su obra arquitectónica y urbana.
CHAUME, Frederic & PAPPENS, Jean-Noël. Doublage et sous-titrage. Guide d’une profession en plein essor. France, L’Harmattan, 2021, 246 pp., ISBN 978-2-343-23594-3.
Authors: Romero-Muñoz Alejandro
Published: May 2024

Review of the book: Doublage et sous-titrage. Guide d’une profession en plein essor.
SHARIAH COMPLIANCE OF BANGLADESHI ISLAMIC BANKS: DOES IT DIFFER ACROSS BANK MODALITIES?
Authors: Rahman Syed Mohammad Khaled , Chowdhury Mohammad Ashraful Ferdous , Hossain Md. Mofazzal , Islam Fakrul , Mim Tanvin Hossin , Nirjon Nazmul Alam
Published: May 2024

This study assesses the degree of Shariah compliance of different Islamic banking modalities in Bangladesh from the perspectives of investment clients, depositors, and bankers.  It adopts a structured questionnaire developed based on AAOIFI standards to gather data from 392 respondents.  ANOVA tests and t-tests are applied to identify significant Shariah non-compliance areas and differences in Shariah compliance scores among different Islamic bank modalities. From investment clients’ perspective, it is seen that in every mode of investment except Ijarah, Shariah is explicitly violated throughout the Islamic banking industry. Significant Shariah non-compliance is seen in Bai-Murabaha, Bai-Muajjal, cash memos, and receipt and disbursement of goods, while Shariah is complied with in contract documents and client dealings. Bankers view all aspects except financial charges for delay to be Shariah compliant. From the depositors’ perspective, Shariah non-compliance is observed in the non-disclosure of information. There is no significant difference in Shariah compliance level between full-fledged and non-full-fledged Islamic banks. These findings should prove useful as a reference point for Bangladesh Bank, Islamic banks, policymakers, depositors, investors, and regulators to address Shariah non-compliance areas to ensure adherence to Shariah standards.
Acknowledgment
The authors would like to thank SUST Research Centre, for the funding that made this study possible.
HUMAN CAPITAL DRIVERS TO SERVICE INNOVATION: EVIDENCE FROM ISLAMIC BANKING IN INDONESIA
Authors: Pertiwi Ruspita Rani , Jannah Syayyidah Maftuhatul , Sodik Fajar
Published: May 2024

This study examines the human capital drivers and how they contribute to service innovation in Indonesian Islamic banking. A questionnaire is used to gather data from a total of 225 Islamic banking employees, and then partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is applied for data analysis. Moreover, the Maqashid Sharia concept from Abu Zaharah is used to enrich the study findings from an Islamic viewpoint. The findings reveal that human capital drivers comprising leadership strategies, employee engagement, and workforce optimization have both direct and indirect positive effects on service innovation. We believe that our key contribution to the work is providing a service innovation model, where the constructs in the framework employed so far have not been studied comprehensively in the context of Islamic organizations. Furthermore, the developed model integrates more relevant factors to the construction of a strategic human capital management system that can boost service innovation in Islamic banking.
IMPACT OF LIQUIDITY CREATION ON REAL ECONOMIC OUTPUT: EVIDENCE FROM FULL-FLEDGED ISLAMIC BANKS AND HYBRID CONVENTIONAL BANKS
Authors: Ismail Izlin , Bacha Obiyathulla Ismath , Mantai Mohammed Mahmoud
Published: May 2024

We examine the impact of the liquidity creation of Full-fledged Islamic Banks (FIBs) and Hybrid Conventional Banks (HCBs) on real economic output for a sample of 10 countries over the 11-year period from 2012–2022. Using the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) framework, we show that both FIBs and HCBs liquidity creation per capita impact real economic output positively. However, HCBs have a greater impact on real economic output than FIBs. These results are statistically and economically significant. We further examine the impact of the liquidity created by both banking systems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interestingly, for both bank types, liquidity creation has a negative impact on real output during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, in terms of magnitude, the negative impact is more pronounced for the HCBs. We also observe a non-linear impact of liquidity creation on real output, where the non-linearity is more pronounced among the HCBs. As for policy, our results imply that governments should incentivize FIBs to expand their scope and engage more in greenfield financing to have greater impact on real economic output.
Effect of Moringa Olefeira and Egg shell on Remineralization of Artificially Demineralized Enamel in primary teeth"Protocol"
Authors: mohamed Yousra
Published: May 2024

The present in vitro study aimed to compare the effect of Moringa Oleifera and egg shell on artificially demineralized enamel in primary teeth
Prospective, single-centre, randomised controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ischaemia-free liver transplantation (IFLT) in the treatment of end-stage liver disease
Authors: Huang Changjun , Shanzhou Huang , Tang Yunhua , Zhao Qiang , Wang Dongping , Ju Weiqiang , Yang Lu , Zhang Jian , Wu Linwei , Chen Maogen , Zhang Zhiheng , Zhu Zebin , Wang Linhe , Zhu Caihui , Zhang Yixi , Sun Chengjun , Xiong Wei , Shen Yuekun , Chen Xiaoxiang , Ma Yi , Hu Anbin , Zhu Xiaofeng , Rong Jian , Cai Changjie , Guo Zhiyong , He Xiaoshun
Published: May 2024

During conventional liver transplantation (CLT), ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is inevitable and associated with complications such as early allograft dysfunction (EAD), primary non-function, and ischemic-type biliary lesions. We’ve established a novel procedure called ischemia-free liver transplantation (IFLT). The results from the pilot study suggest that IFLT might prevent IRI and yield better transplant outcomes in comparison to CLT. The purpose of this study was to further assess the efficacy and safety of IFLT versus CLT. This is an investigator initiated, open-label, phase-III, prospective, single-center randomized, controlled trial on the effects of IFLT in patients with end-stage liver disease.Adult patients eligible for liver transplantation are screened for participating in this trial and will be randomized between IFLT group (n=34) and CLT group (n=34). After 12-month follow-up of the last enrolled recipient, the outcomes will be analyzed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IFLT versus CLT in patients with end-stage liver disease.
Trans-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analyses of hippocampal and subfield volumes
Authors: Liu Nana , Zhang Longjiang , Tian Tian , Cheng Jingliang , Zhang Bing , Qiu Shijun , Geng Zuojun , Cui Guangbin , Zhang Quan , Liao Weihua , Yu Yongqiang , Zhang Hui , Gao Bo , Xu Xiaojun , Han Tong , Yao Zhenwei , Qin Wen , Liu Feng , Liang Meng , Xu Qiang , Fu Jilian , Xu Jiayuan , Zhu Wenzhen , Zhang Peng , Li Wei , Shi Dapeng , Wang Caihong , Lui Su , Yan Zhihan , Chen Feng , Li Jiance , Zhang Jing , Wang Dawei , Shen Wen , Miao Yanwei , Xian Junfang , Gao Jia-Hong , Zhang Xiaochu , Li Mulin Jun , Xu Kai , Zuo Xi-Nian , Wang Meiyun , Ye Zhaoxiang , Yu Chunshui
Published: May 2024

The hippocampus is critical for memory and cognition and neuropsychiatric disorders, and its subfields differ in architecture and function. Genome-wide association studies on hippocampal and subfield volumes are mainly conducted in European populations; however other ancestral populations are under-represented. Here, we conduct trans-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analyses in 65,791 individuals for hippocampal volume and 38,977 for subfield volumes, including 7,009 individuals of East Asian ancestry. We identify 339 variant-trait associations at P < 1.13 × 10-9 for 44 hippocampal traits, including 23 novel associations. Common genetic variants have similar effects on hippocampal traits across ancestries, though ancestry-specific associations exist. Trans-ancestry analysis improves the fine mapping precision and the prediction performance of polygenic score in under-represented population. These genetic variants are enriched for Wnt signaling and neuron differentiation and affect cognition, emotion, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Our results highlight the value of trans-ancestry analysis in the investigation of genetic architectures of human traits.
Carbapenem-induced β-lactamase-isoform expression trends in Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Benin Bogdan M. , Hillyer Trae , Aguirre Noah , Sham Yuk Yin , Willard Belinda , Shin Woo Shik
Published: May 2024

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) is an urgent bacterial threat to public health, with only a few treatment options and a > 50% fatality rate. Although several resistance mechanisms are understood, the appearance of these mutations is generally considered stochastic. Recent reports have, however, begun to challenge this assumption. Here, we demonstrate that independent samples of Ab, exposed to different carbapenems with escalating concentrations, show concentration- and carbapenem-dependent trends in β-lactamase-isoform expression. This result, based on the isoforms identified through label-free-quantification LC-MS/MS measurements of cell-free, gel-separated β-lactamases, suggests that the appearance of antibiotic resistance may be somewhat non-stochastic. Specifically, several minor AmpC/ADC β-lactamase-isoforms were found to exhibit both dose- and carbapenem-dependent expression, suggesting the possibility of non-stochastic mutations. Additionally, these also have high sequence similarity to major expressed isoforms, indicating a potential path over which resistance occurred in independent samples. Antibiotic resistance maybe somewhat antibiotic-directed by a hitherto unknown mechanism and further investigation may lead to new strategies for mitigating antibiotic resistance.
Teaser
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant β-lactamase proteins from mutations may exhibit patterns based on specific antibiotics.
Effectiveness of intraosseous access during resuscitation. A retrospective cohort study.
Authors: Rijnhout Tim W.H. , Kieft Marin , Klijn Willemijn M. , Tan Edward C.T.H.
Published: May 2024

Purpose
During resuscitation in emergency situations, establishing intravascular access is crucial for promptly initiating delivery of fluids, blood, blood products, and medications. In cases of emergency, when intravenous (IV) access proves unsuccessful, intraosseous (IO) access serves as a viable alternative. However, there is a notable lack of information concerning the frequency and efficacy of IO access in acute care settings. This study aims to assess the efficacy of intraosseous (IO) access in acute care settings, especially focusing on children in a level 1 trauma center.
Methods
This retrospective study included patients with IO access in a level 1 trauma center emergency department (ED) between January 2015 and April 2020. Data regarding medication and fluid infusion was documented, and the clinical success rate was calculated.
Results
Of the 109,548 patients that were admitted to the ED, 25,686 IV lines were inserted. Documentation of 188 patients of which 73 (38.8%) children was complete and used for analysis. In these 188 patients, a total of 232 needles were placed. Overall, 182 patients had a functional needle (204 needles) (88%). In children (age < 18 years) success rate was lower as compared to adults, 71–84% as compared to 94%. However, a multivariate regression showed no correlation between the percentage of functional needles and gender, age, weight, BMI, health care location (prehospital and in hospital), anatomical position (tibia as compared to humerus) or type of injury.
Conclusion
Intraosseous access demonstrates a high success rate for infusion, independent of gender, age, body size, anatomical positioning, or healthcare setting, with minimal complication rates. Caution is especially warranted for children under the age of six months, since success rate was lower.
An Investigation on Machine Learning-Based Predictive Model for Human Trafficking in India
Authors: Saha Soumyabrata , DasGupta Suparna , Saha Tanima
Published: May 2024

The multi-faceted crime of human trafficking has long afflicted India, and particularly vulnerable to the plight of Indian citizens. The study is designed to resemble an operational expedition and aims at identifying the connection between human trafficking and noteworthy festivals in various Indian states. In order to decipher and analyze the events that take place during these festivals, we use several machine learning algorithms and focus on key leaves in each state to identify hidden links between cultural fests and vulnerable people's victimization. This proposal helps to identify latent issues and provides detailed explanations for their occurrence during festivals. We concentrate on the pivotal leaves in each state, aiming to find sheltered connections between our cultural fests and the exploitation of vulnerable people. Our methods assist in identifying data patterns, just as they would in unravelling a mystery like festive mortal trafficking. This study creates a model to assess the risk of human trafficking in specific regions or populations to help law enforcement and NGOs guide targeted interventions by identifying trends and signs in past data. By highlighting high-risk areas and promoting community engagement in fighting human trafficking, the prediction model raises awareness. A framework for model refining and adapting will be created in this study to ensure forecast accuracy when new data becomes available. The machine learning algorithms detected human trafficking trends on Indian data with high Mean Absolute Error, Mean Squared Error, Root Mean Squared Error, and R2 scores, while Random Forest Regressor performed best with 0.802.
Challenges to Electronic Health Record Implementation Grouped According to Level of National Development and Stage of Implementation Scoping Review.
Authors: Utete Edmore , Mahlanganise Rumbidzai
Published: May 2024

Background
Electronic health records (EHRs) have the potential to improve the quality of care; however, barriers to implementation have limited the full utilisation of such technology. The objective is to identify the barriers to implementation (EHR) and countries faced by such barriers and to classify the barriers according to the level of income of a country and the stage of implementation.
Methods
The literature body was used to identify barriers to EHR implementation using peer-reviewed research papers from different countries and facilities published in English from 2020 to 2024.
Results
Twenty articles were used to identify a number of barriers to EHR implementation. The analysis showed that countries face barriers mostly depending on their income level and the stage of EHR implementation. Low-income countries face mostly input barriers such as a lack of hardware and skills, poor internet connections and power interruptions, while high-income countries face mostly output barriers such as a lack of data security, poor health profession-patient relations and poor privacy. Lower- and upper-middle-income countries face mostly operational barriers, which include data incompatibility, more documentation and more time needed. Furthermore, low-income counties, middle-income countries and high-income countries face mostly invention, innovation and diffusion barriers, respectively.
Conclusion
High-income countries have successfully implemented most EHRs, as evidenced by their stage of implementation. Low-income countries and middle-income countries should make use of documented cases and develop solutions to barriers they are facing or they are likely to face.
Carbon Footprint Distributions of Lithium-Ion Batteries and Their Materials
Authors: Peiseler Leopold , Schenker Vanessa , Schatzmann Karin , Pfister Stephan , Wood Vanessa , Schmidt Tobias
Published: May 2024

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are pivotal in climate change mitigation, enabling the shift towards renewable energy and electric vehicles. Despite their benefits, LIBs’ own carbon footprint (CF) stemming from material sourcing and manufacturing, raises concerns. Yet, data on CFs of LIBs is scattered, hard to compare and largely overlooks the relevance of battery materials. Here, we go beyond traditional CF analysis and develop a novel cost-based approach, estimating emission curves for the key battery materials lithium, nickel and cobalt based on mining cost data. Combining the emission curves with global battery cell production forecasts, we present the most representative CF distributions for NMC811 and LFP cathode LIBs to date. Our findings reveal the significant impact of material sourcing over production location on CF, with nickel and lithium identified as major contributors to the CF and its variance. This research moves the field forward by offering a nuanced understanding of battery CFs, aiding in the design of decarbonisation policies and strategies.
Engineered Self-Regulating Macrophages for Targeted Anti-inflammatory Drug Delivery
Authors: Klimak Molly , Cimino Amanda , Lenz Kristin , Springer Luke , Collins Kelsey , Harasymowicz Natalia , Xu Nathan , Pham Christine , Guilak Farshid
Published: May 2024

Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by increased levels of inflammation that primarily manifests in the joints. Macrophages act as key drivers for the progression of RA, contributing to the perpetuation of chronic inflammation and dysregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1 (IL-1). The goal of this study was to develop a macrophage-based cell therapy for biologic drug delivery in an autoregulated manner.
Methods
For proof-of-concept, we developed “smart” macrophages to mitigate the effects of IL-1 by delivering its inhibitor, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). Bone marrow-derived macrophages were lentivirally transduced with a synthetic gene circuit that uses an NF-κB inducible promoter upstream of either the Il1rn or firefly luciferase transgenes. Two types of joint like cells were utilized to examine therapeutic protection in vitro, miPSCs derived cartilage and isolated primary mouse synovial fibroblasts while the K/BxN mouse model of RA was utilized to examine in vivo therapeutic protection.
Results
These engineered macrophages were able to repeatably produce therapeutic levels of IL-1Ra that could successfully mitigate inflammatory activation in co-culture with both tissue engineered cartilage constructs and synovial fibroblasts. Following injection in vivo, macrophages homed to sites of inflammation and mitigated disease severity in the K/BxN mouse model of RA.
Conclusion
These findings demonstrate the successful development of engineered macrophages that possess the ability for controlled, autoregulated production of IL-1 based on inflammatory signaling such as the NF-κB pathway to mitigate the effects of this cytokine for applications in RA or other inflammatory diseases. This system provides proof of concept for applications in other immune cell types as self-regulating delivery systems for therapeutic applications in a range of diseases.
Tribological Performance Enhancement of Shock Absorber Oil using CuO Nanoparticles Additives
Authors: Pawar Akshay , Patil Kuldip A , Mohite Dadaso D
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the potential of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles as additives to enhance the tribological properties of shock absorber oil, focusing on their impact on viscosity and vibration damping performance. Shock absorbers play a critical role in vehicle safety and handling by mitigating vibrations from road irregularities. However, their effectiveness deteriorates over time. To address this, CuO nanoparticles were explored for their ability to improve lubricant performance. Nano-lubricants were prepared by dispersing CuO nanoparticles at varying concentrations of 0.25 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, and 1.5 wt% in a base oil using ultrasonication. The viscosity of these nano-lubricants increased significantly, particularly at lower temperatures, indicating improved load-carrying capacity and potential friction reduction. Vibration damping performance was evaluated using a dedicated shock absorber test rig. While the nano-lubricants exhibited reduced overall vibration acceleration compared to plain oil, the transmissibility ratio, a key damping metric, did not show significant variation. This suggests that traditional shock absorber designs might require modifications to fully leverage the benefits of CuO nanoparticles. These findings demonstrate the potential of CuO nanoparticles to enhance the viscosity of shock absorber oil, potentially leading to improved performance at lower temperatures.
Assessment of Universal Design Principles for the Enhancement of Special Education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
Authors: Aldosari Mubarak S.
Published: May 2024

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has made significant strides in advancing its education system, yet challenges persist in offering inclusive and equitable education for students with diverse learning needs. This research focuses on assessing the application of universal design principles in special education programs across KSA, recognizing the potential impact on the academic and social development of students with disabilities. This research employed a multifaceted approach, combining literature review, surveys, and quantitative analysis. The literature review delve into existing knowledge on special education and universal design principles, with a specific emphasis on the Saudi Arabian educational context. Surveys were conducted with educators, and administrators to gather diverse perspectives on the current status of universal design, and identification of the possible barrier in its implementation. Quantitative analysis shows lack of training and awareness among as the top barriers in the implementation of UD principles in special education of KSA. The importance of this study is in its capacity to inform and guide educators, policymakers, and researchers in Saudi Arabia. By identifying the current challenges and opportunities in applying universal design principles, the research aims to offer practical recommendations for optimizing their integration into the Saudi Arabian special education context. This study aligns with the broader goals of fostering inclusivity and equal educational opportunities for all students, contributing to the continuous improvement of the educational landscape in Saudi Arabia.