bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of 3-D Raytracing and Finite Frequency Tomography
Authors: Suhardja Sandy K , Lumban Gaol Yosua Hotmaruli , Abdullah Agus , Nugraha Andri Dian , Zulfakriza Z.
Published: October 2019

We performed 3-D seismic tomography using teleseismic arrival time at Southwest Mexico. The Mexican subduction zone results from successive fragmentation events that affected the ancient Farallon plate as various segments of the East Pacific rise approached the paleo-trench off western North America. The complexity in this region is related to two subducting oceanic plates, the Rivera and Cocos plates, that have different ages, compositions, convergence velocities and subduction dip angles. In this study, we compared the 3-D raytracing tomography model with finite frequency tomography model.  Final models show the differences in amplitude and pattern between the raytracing and finite frequency. 3D raytracing models produced sharper images of fast velocity structures in the mantle. The deeper slabs are more coherent and show less broadening with depth than using 1D finite frequency kernels. However, although the finite frequency and 3-D ray tracing models show some differences in amplitude and pattern, the overall agreement of the models supports the interpretation of Yang et al. (2009) that slab rollback is occurring in South Western Mexico.  One possible different interpretation between the raytracing and finite frequency theory results concerns the deep structure of the Rivera slab. The finite frequency models show that the Rivera slab is clearly observable at a depth of about 300km but fades away at greater depths. However, the 3-D ray tracing model shows a clear fast velocity band down to a depth of 400 km and thus our model does not support a slab tear of the Rivera plate above 400 km depth
NOVEL GADIS PANTAI KARYA PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER: ANALISIS HEGEMONI *) (A Novel Gadis Pantai by Pramoedya Ananta Toer: an Hegemony Analysis)
Authors: Muzakka Moh
Published: October 2019

A literary work used by author in offering some ideologies to the readers. Through this literary work, especially the conflict between characters, an author can influence reader’s view and ideology. This article tends to explore ideology contention of the novel Gadis Pantai by Pramoedya Ananta Toer used Gramsci hegemony analysis. The result of this analysis is novel Gadis Pantai offers three ideologies: feudalism, coast cultural primitive, and socialist realism. In this novel, the two contrast cultures viewed as a quiet enough culture so that the ideal culture is socialist realism. Keywords: ideology, coast, gentry, hegemony, socialist realism.
NILAI-NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM TRADISI LISAN WARAG-WARAH DAN RINGGOK-RINGGOK SUKU KOMERING, SUMATERA SELATAN (VALUES OF LOCAL WISDOM IN ORAL TRADITION OF WARAH WARAH AND RINGGOK-RINGGOK OF KOMERING TRIBE, SOUTH SUMATRA)
Authors: Kurnianto Ery Agus
Published: October 2019

The focus of the problem in this study is the values of local wisdom within two oral traditions of Warag-Warah and Ringgok-Ringgok of Komering Tribe, South Sumatra. This study aimed to identify and to describe elements of local wisdom within those oral traditions. In addition, this study was established as a real effort to explore, to inventorize, and to document the oral traditions of Komering society. A descriptive method was applied in this study. The data were analyzed by applying qualitative approach on ethnographic elements to demonstrate and explain the value of local wisdom within those oral traditions. The theory applied in this study were oral literature and local wisdom. The conclusion from the analysis proved that there was a concept of social relations among individuals, among individuals and society, among social groups, and among individuals and their God. The value of local wisdom that had been identified were: 1) belief in God, 2) deliberation, 3) responsibility and 4) helping each other. The actualization of the value of local wisdom within the oral traditions of Warag-Warah and Ringgok-Ringgok was in form of behaving in ways that help each other, solving problems by means of deliberation and responsibility. Keywords: Oral tradition, warah-warah, ringgok-ringgok, local wisdom values.
المجتمع المدني ودوره في المشاركة التنموية القرار لدي طلاب جامعة مصراتة
Authors: القندوز آمنة محمد
Published: October 2019

توصلت الدراسة إلى جملة من النتائج جاءت نتاجا للتكامل بين جانبي الدراسة النظري الذي تم الاعتماد فيه على الدراسات والكتابات ذات الصلة المباشرة أو غير المباشرة بالموضوع المدروس، والجانب العملي الذي تم تطبيقه على 245 عضوا ومتطوعا في منظمات المجتمع المدني في مدينة مصرته/ ليبيا، وقد أمكن التوصل إلى جملة من النتائج ذات العلاقة المباشرة بموضوع الدراسة، كما تم تحديد مجموعة من الخصائص العامة التي اتصف بها مجتمع الدراسة، ومن ثم التعرض لاتجاهات ومواقف المبحوثين اتجاه موضوع الدراسة:
1- توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية وفقا لعينة الدراسة "النوع" وكل من (تأييد تولي المرأة لمراكز قيادية مهمة في المجتمع المدني) (مدى مشاركة المرأة في أنشطة المجتمع المدني) (المنظمات حاليا في وضع يسمح لها بالمشاركة)، و لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية وفقا لعينة الدراسة "النوع" على العبارات، (مدى المشاركة)، (الأسلوب الذي يستخدمه المدير)، (مدى أهمية المنظمات في التنمية)، (توقع ازدياد المشاركة).
2- توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية وفقا لعينة الدراسة " العمر" وكل من (تأييد تولي المرأة لمراكز قيادية مهمة دور في المجتمع المدني) (مدى أهمية منظمات المجتمع المدني في مشروعات التنمية) (المنظمات حاليا في وضع يسمح لها بالمشاركة) و لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية وفقا لعينة الدراسة " العمر " وكل من (مدى المشاركة)، (مدى مشاركة المرأة)، (مدى اهتمام المدير بالمدير بالمشاركة)، (توقع ازدياد المشاركة).
3- توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية وفقا لعينة الدراسة " المستوى التعليمي بين كل من "تولي المرأة لمراكز قيادية مهمة في المجتمع المدني) (اهتمام المديرين بمشاركة الأعضاء المتطوعون في أنشطة المنظمة) (توقع ازدياد الإقبال على المشاركة في الفترة اللاحقة)، ولا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية وفقا لعينة الدراسة "المستوى التعليمي " على العبارات (مدى المشاركة)، (تولي المرأة للقيادة، أهمية المنظمات في التنمية)، (وضع المنظمات الحالي).
4- توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية وفقا لعينة الدراسة " المهنة " وبين كل من (تولي المرأة لمراكز قيادية مهمة دور في المجتمع المدني) (اهتمام المديرين بمشاركة الأعضاء المتطوعون في أنشطة المنظمة) و لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية وفقا لمتغير " المهنة " على عبارات الدراسة (مدى المشاركة)، (مدي مشاركة المرأة)، (مدى أهمية المنظمات في التنمية)، (وضع المنظمات الحالي)، (توقع ازدياد المشاركة).
5- توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية وفقا لعينة الدراسة " الدخل الشهري وبين كل من (اهتمام المديرين بمشاركة الأعضاء المتطوعون في أنشطة المنظمة) (المنظمات حاليا في وضع يسمح لها بالمشاركة) و لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية وفقا لمتغير "الدخل " على عبارات الدراسة (مدى المشاركة)، (قيادة المرأة للمنظمة)، (مدى مشاركة المرأة)، (مدى أهمية المنظمات في التنمية)، (توقع ازدياد المشاركة).
6- لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية وفقا لمتغير " الخبرة " على جميع متغيرات الدراسة.
Qué son y qué no son los nuevos medios. 70 visiones de expertos hispanos
Authors: Cabrera Méndez Marga , Codina Lluís , Salaverría Aliaga Ramón
Published: October 2019

Introducción. Se analizan los usos y la percepción de expertos y profesionales hispanos de la comunicación en relación con la expresión “nuevo medio”, con el fin de llegar a una definición actualizada del concepto. Metodología. Se identifica y analiza una muestra compuesta por 70 profesionales expertos en innovación periodística, pertenecientes a 16 países de habla hispana, a quienes se les realizó una entrevista semi-estructurada que contenía la siguiente pregunta: “¿qué es para usted un nuevo medio?”. Las entrevistas se realizaron entre 2016 y finales de 2018. Conclusiones y discusión. La mayoría definió la expresión “nuevo medio” como un ecosistema mediático alternativo al tradicional, que innova, utiliza nuevos formatos narrativos y tiene una nueva relación con la audiencia. Asimismo, el estudio muestra una tendencia a entender como “nuevo medio” no solo las publicaciones digitales. A partir de esas referencias, el artículo discute el significado actualizado de la expresión “nuevo medio”, en un mundo en el que los medios digitales y los medios sociales ya no son tan nuevos.
Partitioning Problems Arising From Independent Shifted-Geometric and Exponential Samples With Unequal Intensities
Authors: Huillet Thierry E.
Published: October 2019

Two problems dealing with the random skewed splitting of some population into J different types are considered.

In a first discrete setup, the sizes of the sub-populations come from independent shifted-geometric with unequal characteristics. Various J → ∞ asymptotics of the induced occupancies are investigated: the total population size, the number of unfilled types, the index of consecutive filled types, the maximum number of individuals in some state and the index of the type(s) achieving this maximum. Equivalently, this problem is amenable to the classical one of assigning indistinguishable particles (Bosons) at J sites, in some random allocation problem.

In a second parallel setup in the continuum, we consider a large population of say J ‘stars’, the intensities of which have independent exponential distributions with unequal inverse temperatures. Stars are being observed only if their intensities exceed some threshold value. Depending on the choice of the inverse temperatures, we investigate the energy partitioning among stars, the total energy emitted by the observed stars, the number of the observable stars and the energy and index of the star emitting the most.
The Phenanthridine-modified Tyrosine Dipeptide
Authors: Erben Antonija , Matić Josipa , Basarić Nikola , Piantanida Ivo
Published: October 2019

Dipeptide 4 containing two unnatural amino acids, a modified tyrosine and a phenanthridine derivative, was synthesized. Binding of the dipeptide to a series of polynucleotides including ct-DNA, poly A - poly U, poly (dAdT)2, poly dG - poly dC and poly (dGdC)2 was investigated by thermal denaturation experiments, fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism. Thermal denaturation experiments indicated that dipeptide 4 at pH 5.0, when phenanthridine is protonated, stabilizes ds-DNA, whereas it destabilizes ds-RNA. At pH 7.0, when the phenanthridine is not protonated, effects of 4 to the polynucleotide melting temperatures are negligible. At pH 5.0, dipeptide 4 stabilized DNA double helices, and the changes in the CD spectra suggest different modes of binding to ds-DNA, most likely the intercalation to poly dG- poly dC and non-specific binding in grooves of other DNA polynucleotides. At variance to ds-DNA, addition of 4 destabilized ds-RNA against thermal denaturation and CD results suggest that addition of 4 probably induced dissociation of ds-RNA into ss-RNA strands due to preferred binding to ss-RNA. Thus, 4 is among very rare small molecules that stabilize ds-DNA but destabilize ds-RNA. However, fluorescence titrations with all polynucleotides at both pH values gave similar binding affinity (log Ka ≈ 5), indicating nonselective binding. Preliminary photochemical experiments suggest that dipeptide 4 reacts in the photochemical reaction, which affects polynucleotides chirality, presumably via quinone methide intermediates that alkylate DNA.
Kinetic Evaluation of the Charge Migration and H2O2 Transport Rates During the Electrocatalytic Reduction of H2O2 on Thin Prussian Blue Films
Authors: Rešetar Egon , Čičić Sandra , Iveković Damir
Published: October 2019

Kinetic analysis of the electrocatalytic reduction of H2O2 on electrodes modified with thin Prussian blue films was performed and a full set of kinetic parameters governing the rate of the electrocatalytic reaction was determined. Rate constant (κ·k') for the catalytic reaction between H2O2 and the reduced form of Prussian blue incorporating interstitial Cs+ and K+ ions was calculated to be equal to 3.1·106 and 2.3·106 cm3·mol–1 s–1, respectively. The diffusion coefficient of H2O2 and the apparent diffusion coefficient of electrons in the reduced form of Prussian blue were found to be κ·DS(H2O2) = 2.6·10–7 cm2/s and De = 2.8·10–12 cm2/s, respectively.
Desenvolvimento de competências: a percepção de gestores sobre técnicos administrativos em uma universidade federal
Authors: Souza Júnior Renato César de , Lopes José Eduardo Ferreira
Published: October 2019

No serviço público, a atual configuração das relações humanas e das ferramentas intangíveis de trabalho, que estão dispostas aos servidores, deveriam ser responsáveis pelo bom desempenho do serviço prestado. Políticas de Gestão de Pessoas, sobretudo de Planos de Carreira, deveriam se configuram como fatores-chave de sucesso nas organizações. Neste sentido, nas Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior, o Plano de Cargos e Carreiras dos Técnicos Administrativos em Educação - PCCTAE, enquanto plano de carreira, pretendeu estimular o desenvolvimento profissional dos servidores aliado aos objetivos estratégicos destas instituições. Dado este contexto, o presente estudo se preocupa em avaliar o comportamento no desenvolvimento da carreira dos Técnicos Administrativos em Educação a partir da percepção da alta gestão de uma universidade federal, sob uma perspectiva de desenvolvimento de competências em consonância com os objetivos estratégicos institucionais. Utilizando-se de entrevistas semiestruturadas com a alta gestão de uma universidade federal como forma de coleta de dados, e valendo-se da análise de conteúdo como metodologia de análise dos dados, os resultados evidenciaram a percepção dos entrevistados que o conceito de competências no serviço público está fortemente relacionado a fatores socioemocionais apontando atitudes e valores que orientam o comprometimento e capacidade de trabalho em grupo como essenciais ao desempenho de qualquer profissão no serviço público. Quanto às possibilidades de aperfeiçoamento profissional por meio de cursos de capacitação e qualificação, foram encontradas críticas dos entrevistados a respeito da incompatibilidade dos cursos realizados em relação às atividades profissionais desenvolvidas no exercício do cargo. Já para os casos de concessões de licenças aos técnicos, as dificuldades relativas ao número restrito de servidores nas unidades administrativas, bem como da ausência de elementos que garantam a contratação temporária de força de trabalho substituta, destacam-se como fatores que atuam em detrimento ao desenvolvimento profissional dos TAEs. Segundo os entrevistados, ao longo dos 14 anos de implantação do PCCTAE, fora relatado que os elementos de progressão na carreira têm impacto fortemente financeiro e pouco voltados aos interesses institucionais, haja vista a ausência de uma política institucional de desenvolvimento de pessoal que, se implantada, permita aos servidores e à administração superior, alinharem e pactuarem a necessidade de desenvolvimento, levando-se em conta não somente as necessidades individuais dos técnicos, mas também, o desenvolvimento de competências que estejam alinhadas com o alcance dos objetivos estratégicos da instituição.
Reutilização da água gerada pelos ares-condicionados: análise dos benefícios através da modelagem computacional
Authors: Rodrigues Glauco Oliveira , Schneider Jardel , Barbosa Fernando Pires , Langwinski Paulo Roberto , Soares Douglas
Published: October 2019

O artigo apresenta a modelagem e desenvolvimento de um modelo de simulação para avaliar o reaproveita da água gerada pelos ares-condicionados de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) pública. Para a construção do modelo (definição de variáveis e suas interrelações) utilizou-se por base teórica as pesquisas bibliográficas e observações do processo da geração da água. Dentre os aspectos analisados, está a redução do impacto financeiro, em função da redução do gasto com o consumo de água potável. Para avaliar as possibilidades, foram gerados três cenários: um cenário baseado na situação atual; outro denominado Cenário Moderado; e, por fim, o cenário otimista. Os resultados obtidos através da simulação demonstram que o processo de reaproveitamento traz um significativo ganho financeiro. O horizonte de tempo simulado foi de dez anos e foi utilizado o software Vensim para o desenvolvimento da simulação.
Níveis de autocontrole em alunos de cursos à distância e presencial e sua relação com os objetivos acadêmicos
Authors: Silva Humberto Caetano Cardoso da , Morais Filype Rosas de
Published: October 2019

A falta de motivação diante da responsabilidade, quanto ao controle do seu aprendizado, é um dos motivos para a evasão de alunos. Em ambientes de educação à distância (EAD), existe a expectativa de que os alunos possam realizar grande parte do processo de aprendizagem. Assim, o autocontrole teria papel central no sucesso acadêmico. Utilizar estratégias de autocontrole pode levar a maiores índices de sucesso, especialmente em pessoas com tendências à procrastinação. O presente trabalho analisou o perfil de autocontrole de alunos de ensino presencial e à distância, para verificar se estes apresentam diferentes perfis e se maiores índices de autocontrole levam os alunos a alcançarem seus objetivos acadêmicos. Foi possível identificar, a partir do teste de comparação de médias Mann-Whitney-U, que os grupos de alunos do ensino presencial e à distância apresentam diferentes médias em relação ao autocontrole, tendo os alunos do ensino à distância maiores índices e, através do teste de correlação de Spearman, identificou-se que maiores índices de autocontrole levam ao alcance dos objetivos acadêmicos.
Análise dos antecedentes do comportamento de cidadania organizacional: estudo de caso com servidores de uma instituição federal de ensino
Authors: Fernandes Kenny Moreno Santos , Ribeiro Lívia Maria de Pádua
Published: October 2019

O Comportamento de Cidadania Organizacional (CCO) é definido como um comportamento individual, espontâneo e criativo, em que o funcionário vai além do que é exigido pelo seu cargo. Este tipo de comportamento promove os objetivos da organização e ainda melhora o ambiente social e psicológico no qual a tarefa é executada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de investigar qual a influência do comprometimento afetivo e dos suportes organizacional e social sobre o CCO de servidores públicos de uma instituição federal de ensino. Essa pesquisa teve um caráter quantitativo, sendo aplicado um questionário do tipo survey numa amostra de 310 servidores públicos. Os dados foram analisados usando-se o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) e os resultados indicaram que o CCO é influenciado mais fortemente pelo comprometimento afetivo do que pelo suporte organizacional e social. Entretanto, o fator cooperação sofreu uma influência mais preponderante do suporte social.
Indicadores da qualidade do solo em áreas cultivadas com goiaba
Authors: Morais Elis Regina Costa , Alves Lívia Laiane Barbosa , Oliveira Mychelle Karla Teixeira de , Ramos Fernanda Medeiros , Santana Josinaide Cláudia Araújo , Costa Jenickson Rayron da Silva
Published: October 2019

Vários são os perímetros irrigados no Nordeste brasileiro que apresentam problemas de degradação física e química dos solos resultantes da falta de informações sobre as potencialidades e limitações de uso, assim nos últimos anos é crescente a preocupação com o uso sustentável e a qualidade dos recursos naturais, especialmente do solo e da água, fazendo-se necessário, além de quesitos sociais e econômicos para expansão da agricultura, considerar também os aspectos relacionados à qualidade no manejo da água e do solo capazes de garantir a sustentabilidade dos sistemas de produção em longo prazo. Nesse sentido este trabalho propôs avaliar e comparar alterações químicas em áreas com diferentes tempos de cultivo com goiaba no Projeto de Irrigação do Baixo-Açu, RN, em relação à mata nativa da Caatinga. Para a área de referência, mata nativa de Caatinga, foram retiradas vinte amostras simples e em cada uma das cinco áreas cultivadas, uma amostra composta, formada a partir de vinte amostras simples. As características avaliadas foram cálcio, magnésio, potássio, sódio, fósforo, pH e CE e os metais tóxicos chumbo, níquel, cádmio, cobre, zinco, manganês e ferro; desta forma, observou-se melhoria da qualidade ambiental para Ca, Pb, Ni, Mn e Fe das áreas cultivadas em relação à mata nativa e para os metais tóxicos os menores índices para Cd, Cu e o Zn, indicaram alteração quando comparados com a mata nativa.
Invitert føredrag: Wikipedia Educaton Program – Wikipedias plats som pedagogiskt verktyg i en digitaliserad tid
Authors: Mörtsell Sara
Published: October 2019

Presentasjon frå Wikipedia-akademiet 2015

Wikipedia Education Program har sedan starten 2010 involverat mer än 10 000 studenter från Universitet i hela världen under parollen "Wikipedia belongs in Education". Den här presentationen berättar om hur och varför studenter och akademiker använder Wikipedia, för kunskapsdelning, som pedagogiskt plattform, och för digital literacitet.
Copper recovery from nickel laterite with high‐iron content: A continuous process from mining waste
Authors: Perez Isadora D. , Botelho Junior Amilton B. , Aliprandini Paula , Espinosa Denise C. R.
Published: October 2019

The waste product from the hydrometallurgical processing of nickel laterite ores can contain valuable metals, making their recovery economically viable. However, the high‐impurities content, mainly iron, makes the process technically unfeasible. As a result, the separation of metals from the leach solution must be selective. Among the techniques available, the use of chelating resin is advantageous due to its selectivity and low energy consumption. Among the commercial chelating resins available, Dowex XUS 43605 has been shown to be highly selective for copper and can be used with a high impurities content. Although there are studies on the use of Dowex XUS 43605, none have evaluated a high impurities content and modelled a continuous process. For this reason, the aim of this work was to investigate copper recovery by a continuous process. The Dowex XUS 43605 chelating resin with HPPA functional group was used in ion‐exchange experiments. Column experiments were performed in two steps: loading (to recover copper) and elution (to obtain a copper‐rich solution). The removal of iron and the subsequent collection of copper were possible in a precipitation step using CaCO3. The results showed that the solution obtained from elution had a copper concentration that was 10 times higher than in the loading. All of the iron was removed from the elution solution at pH 3.5 with 5% of copper losses. Copper precipitation was possible at pH 5.5. From the results obtained, a proposed flowsheet for recovering copper was suggested.
Influence of ocular dominance columns and patchy callosal connections on binocularity in lateral striate cortex: Long Evans versus albino rats
Authors: Andelin Adrian K. , Doyle Zane , Laing Robyn J. , Turecek Josef , Lin Baihan , Olavarria Jaime F.
Published: October 2019

In albino rats, it has been reported that lateral striate cortex (V1) is highly binocular, and that input from the ipsilateral eye to this region comes through the callosum. In contrast, in Long Evans rats, this region is nearly exclusively dominated by the contralateral eye even though it is richly innervated by the callosum (Laing, Turecek, Takahata, & Olavarria, 2015). We hypothesized that the inability of callosal connections to relay ipsilateral eye input to lateral V1 in Long Evans rats is a consequence of the existence of ocular dominance columns (ODCs), and of callosal patches in register with ipsilateral ODCs in the binocular region of V1 (Laing et al., 2015). We therefore predicted that in albino rats input from both eyes intermix in the binocular region, without segregating into ODCs, and that callosal connections are not patchy. Confirming our predictions, we found that inputs from both eyes, studied with the transneuronal tracer WGA‐HRP, are intermixed in the binocular zone of albinos, without segregating into ODCs. Similarly, we found that callosal connections in albino rats are not patchy but instead are distributed homogeneously throughout the callosal region in V1. We propose that these changes allow the transcallosal passage of ipsilateral eye input to lateral striate cortex, increasing its binocularity. Thus, the binocular region in V1 of albino rats includes lateral striate cortex, being therefore about 25% larger in area than the binocular region in Long Evans rats. Our findings provide insight on the role of callosal connections in generating binocular cells.
Tunable methacrylated hyaluronic acid‐based hydrogels as scaffolds for soft tissue engineering applications
Authors: Spearman Benjamin S. , Agrawal Nikunj K. , Rubiano Andrés , Simmons Chelsey S. , Mobini Sahba , Schmidt Christine E.
Published: October 2019

Hyaluronic acid (HA)‐based biomaterials have been explored for a number of applications in biomedical engineering, particularly as tissue regeneration scaffolds. Crosslinked forms of HA are more robust and provide tunable mechanical properties and degradation rates that are critical in regenerative medicine; however, crosslinking modalities reported in the literature vary and there are few comparisons of different scaffold properties for various crosslinking approaches. In this study, we offer direct comparison of two methacrylation techniques for HA (glycidyl methacrylate HA [GMHA] or methacrylic anhydride HA [MAHA]). The two methods for methacrylating HA provide degrees of methacrylation ranging from 2.4 to 86%, reflecting a wider range of properties than is possible using only a single methacrylation technique. We have also characterized mechanical properties for nine different tissues isolated from rat (ranging from lung at the softest to muscle at the stiffest) using indentation techniques and show that we can match the full range of mechanical properties (0.35–6.13 kPa) using either GMHA or MAHA. To illustrate utility for neural tissue engineering applications, functional hydrogels with adhesive proteins (either GMHA or MAHA base hydrogels with collagen I and laminin) were designed with effective moduli mechanically matched to rat sciatic nerve (2.47 ± 0.31 kPa). We demonstrated ability of these hydrogels to support three‐dimensional axonal elongation from dorsal root ganglia cultures. Overall, we have shown that methacrylated HA provides a tunable platform with a wide range of properties for use in soft tissue engineering.
Poly(ε‐caprolactone)/keratin/heparin/VEGF biocomposite mats for vascular tissue engineering
Authors: Wan Xiuzhen , Li Pengfei , Jin Xingxing , Su Fu , Shen Jian , Yuan Jiang
Published: October 2019

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an effective growth and angiogenic cytokine, which stimulates proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, and promotes angiogenesis and vascular permeability. Binding VEGF with heparin could protect it from rapid degradation, subsequently allowing it to be controlled release. Primarily, poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) and keratin were coelectrospun, followed by conjugating with heparin and subsequently binding VEGF. The loaded heparin and VEGF on these mats were quantified, respectively. The surface characteristics of mats were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The VEGF delivery results indicated these mats could sustainably release VEGF for 2 weeks. Cell viability assays suggested these mats were valid to accelerate human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) proliferation, while inhibit human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) growth under the combined actions of VEGF and heparin. The results tested by blood clotting times (APTT, PT, and TT), hemolysis, and platelet adhesion indicated the mats were blood compatible. To sum up, these biocomposite mats are ideal scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering.
Clinical Effects of a Pectin‐Containing Oligomeric Formula in Tube Feeding Patients: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Maruyama Michio , Goshi Satoshi , Kashima Yasushige , Mizuhara Akihiro , Higashiguchi Takashi
Published: October 2019

Background

A pectin‐containing oligomeric formula (POF) is a unique type of enteral formula that transforms from a liquid to a gel after reacting with gastric acid. Reports on its clinical effects have been limited. The present study was conducted to examine and verify the clinical effects of POF.

Methods

The study subjects were 201 stable patients receiving intragastric tube feeding. They were randomized into 2 groups to receive either POF or a standard polymeric formula (SPF) as a control. The duration of observation was 1 week. Analyses were conducted for the incidence of predefined composite events, including diarrhea, defecation treatments, and other enteral nutrition (EN) management–related events.

Results

Composite events occurred in 15 of 98 patients in the POF group and 30 of 100 patients in the SPF group, with a significantly lower incidence in the POF group compared with the SPF group (P = 0.011). In particular, diarrhea occurred in 2 patients in the POF group and 13 patients in the SPF group, with a significantly lower incidence in the POF group compared with the SPF group (P = 0.003).

Conclusions

The results of this study suggest that POF is less likely to cause EN‐related events, especially diarrhea, than SPF is.
“A Geo-ontological Thump”: Ontological Instability and the Folding City in Mikko Rimminen’s Early Prose
Authors: Ameel Lieven
Published: October 2019

This chapter examines ontological instability in terms of Deleuze’s concept of the fold in the early prose texts of Finnish author Mikko Rimminen: The Tipplers’ Novel (2004), Woodblock (2007), and “An Extract from a Manuscript” (2009). The focus is on how the relationship between the fictional city and its referential counterpart is foregrounded as well as undermined in a way that destabilizes the ontological status of the storyworlds. Key concepts used in the analysis of the literary space and storyworld are Brian McHale’s “flickering effect” and Bertrand Westphal’s “heterotopic interference.” Deleuze’s “fold” is proposed as a heuristic concept to describe how ontological instability in postmodern storyworlds is shaped. This chapter proposes a reading of Rimminen’s prose from the perspective of apocalyptic undercurrents, which have remained largely unappreciated.
Uncanny Spaces of Transformation: Fabulations of the Forest in Finland-Swedish Prose
Authors: Kurikka Kaisa
Published: October 2019

This chapter argues that recent Finland-Swedish prose fiction invests in describing the forest as a space of affective encounters between human and non-human creatures. It also argues that the forest is a space of transformation, in which the forest itself and also the various creatures which inhabit it undergo a process of metamorphosis. The forests of the late modern era appear as uncanny spaces that express the experience of estrangement typical of late modernity. By drawing on the geophilosophical concepts of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, such as re- and deterritorialization and smooth and striated space, the chapter discusses prose fiction written by Kaj Korkea-aho, Johanna Holmström, and Henrika Ringbom.
The Miracle of the Mesh: Global Imaginary and Ecological Thinking in Ralf Andtbacka’s Wunderkammer
Authors: Malmio Kristina
Published: October 2019

This chapter studies the spatial politics of Wunderkammer, a postmodernist collection of poetry. It focuses on how the cabinet of curiosities and the Chinese box, two traditional, limited spatial forms, in Wunderkammer become a means to global imaginary and ecological thinking. By drawing on the ideas of Timothy Morton, the chapter argues that the radical interconnectedness of the objects depicted is a textual representation of mesh. The analysis shows how containers and boxes turn into open and porous spaces, places become strange, and global space grows into junkspace. Finally, it argues that the collection turns away from the globe, apprehended as a financial-technocratic system, toward the world ecology of the planet.
“Never Give Up Hopelessness!?”: Emotions and Spatiality in Contemporary Finnish Experimental Poetry
Authors: Helle Anna
Published: October 2019

This chapter focuses on contemporary Finnish experimental poetry written by Karri Kokko, Tytti Heikkinen, and Eino Santanen. The poems are approached from the viewpoint of the politics of emotion and spatiality, and in the context of late modernity. The aim is to figure out how new Finnish poetry deals with the surrounding society.

In this chapter, spatiality refers to Finland as a geographical place and cultural area, and to Finnish literature as a public space in which emotional and political topics are experienced and dealt with. The poems play with the notions of public and intimate spaces in various ways. Negative emotions have an important role in these poems, and this is related to how the poems deal with the problems of present-day Finnish society.
Multivariate data analysis of capacitance frequency scanning for online monitoring of viable cell concentrations in small-scale bioreactors
Authors: Metze Sabrina , Blioch Stefanie , Matuszczyk Jens , Greller Gerhard , Grimm Christian , Scholz Jochen , Hoehse Marek
Published: October 2019

Viable cell concentration (VCC) is one of the most important process attributes during mammalian cell cultivations. Current state-of-the-art measurements of VCC comprise offline methods which do not allow for continuous process data. According to the FDA’s process analytical technology initiative, process monitoring and control should be applied to gain process understanding and to ensure high product quality. In this work, the use of an inline capacitance probe to monitor online VCCs of a mammalian CHO cell culture process in small-scale bioreactors (250 mL) was investigated. Capacitance sensors using single frequency are increasingly common for biomass monitoring. However, the single-frequency signal corresponds to the cell polarization that represents the viable cell volume. Therefore single-frequency measurements are dependent on cell diameter changes. Measuring the capacitance across various frequencies (frequency scanning) can provide information about the VCC and cope with changing cell diameter. Applying multivariate data analysis on the frequency scanning data successfully enabled direct online monitoring of VCCs in this study. The multivariate model was trained with data from 5 standard cultivations. The model provided a prediction of VCCs with relative errors from 5.5 to 11%, which is a good agreement with the acceptance criterion based on the offline reference method accuracy (approximately 10% relative error) and strongly improved compared with single-frequency results (16 to 23% relative error). Furthermore, robustness trials were conducted to demonstrate the model’s predictive ability under challenging conditions. The process deviations in regard to dilution steps and feed variations were detected immediately in the online prediction of the VCC with relative errors between 6.7 and 13.2%. Thus in summary, the presented method on capacitance frequency scanning demonstrates its suitability for process monitoring and control that can save batches, time, and cost.
Regularity of Dirac-harmonic maps with $$\lambda $$-curvature term in higher dimensions
Authors: Jost Jürgen , Liu Lei , Zhu Miaomiao
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we will study the partial regularity for stationary Dirac-harmonic maps with$$\lambda $$λ-curvature term. For a weakly stationary Dirac-harmonic map with$$\lambda $$λ-curvature term$$(\phi ,\psi )$$(ϕ,ψ)from a smooth bounded open domain$$\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^m$$Ω⊂Rmwith$$m\ge 2$$m≥2to a compact Riemannian manifoldN, if$$\psi \in W^{1,p}(\Omega )$$ψ∈W1,p(Ω)for some$$p>\frac{2m}{3}$$p>2m3, we prove that$$(\phi , \psi )$$(ϕ,ψ)is smooth outside a closed singular set whose$$(m-2)$$(m-2)-dimensional Hausdorff measure is zero. Furthermore, if the target manifoldNdoes not admit any harmonic sphere$$S^l$$Sl,$$l=2,\ldots , m-1$$l=2,…,m-1, then$$(\phi ,\psi )$$(ϕ,ψ)is smooth.
Performance Tests of Smart City IoT Data Repositories for Universal Linear Infrastructure Data and Graph Databases
Authors: Gorawski Michał , Grochla Krzysztof
Published: October 2019

The infrastructure managed by Smart City systems includes mainly linear structures, such as pipelines, electric power lines, railway lines, etc.. In this paper, we propose the transcription of linear infrastructure to graph representation and storing needed meta-data in a graph database, merged with the traditional relational database used for device management. Such an approach enables fast acquisition of data about infrastructure’s properties and allows merging information about the structure of the managed infrastructure with information devices’ properties and statistics. We develop a graph generator that generates virtual network basing on representative examples of linear infrastructure, incorporation of a data from existing metering systems with the generated structure, which automates the deployment and allows to evaluate the performance of Smart City monitoring and management system. We present results of performance tests that show and the creation time of graph database structures in Neo4j and the difference between the performance of the Microsoft SQL Server database and the Neo4j database in a few Smart City use cases. The results show that the use of the graph database to execute queries related to linear infrastructure allows decreasing the response time up to 9 times.
Hydraulic Reconstruction of the 1818 Giétro Glacial Lake Outburst Flood
Authors: Ancey C. , Bardou E. , Funk M. , Huss M. , Werder M. A. , Trewhela T.
Published: October 2019

In the spring of 1818, ice avalanches from the Giétro Glacier created an ice dam, which in turn formed a glacial lake in the Drance Valley (Canton of Valais, Switzerland). Today, its maximum volume is estimated to have been 25×106 m3. Cantonal authorities commissioned an engineer named Ignaz Venetz to mitigate the risk of the ice dam's failure. He supervised the construction of a tunnel through which a large volume of water was drained as the lake rose (9×106 m3 according to his estimates and 11×106 m3 according to our model). After 2.5 days of slow drainage, the ice dam failed on 16 June 1818 and caused major flooding in the Drance Valley up to 40 km downstream, resulting in about 40 deaths. Venetz's lake monitoring notes, numerous testimonies gathered in the disaster's aftermath, and our field survey have made it possible to collect a wealth of information on this event, which is one of the world's major documented glacial lake outburst floods. Reconstructing major outburst floods remains challenging because not only do they involve enormous volumes of water spreading over long distances but they are also associated with additional physical processes such as massive erosion; intense transport of ice, sediment, and debris; and damage to vegetation and buildings. This paper attempts to reconstruct the 1818 Giétro flood by focusing on its water component. We develop a simple model to estimate the initial hydrograph during the slow drainage and failure phases. The flood's features are deduced by solving the shallow‐water equations numerically. The computational framework involves six free parameters, of which five are constrained by physical considerations. Using iterative manual parameter adjustments, we matched the numerical simulations to the historical data. We found that the peak discharge was close to 14,500 m3/s, the flood's front velocity was about 6 m/s, and flow depth varied considerably along the River Drance's bed (from 30 m just downstream of the ice dam to 2 m on the alluvial fan, 24 km west of the dam). To achieve a good agreement between computations and historical data, we had to select a high value for the Manning friction coefficient n (with n as large as 0.08 s/m1/3). As the Drance Valley is narrow, high flow resistance caused the flood's leading edge to behave like a plug, moving at a fairly constant velocity, with little dependence on what happened behind it. This result may explain why a simple flood routing model is able to reproduce the flood's features, because in an Alpine valley, a lateral spreading of the water volume is limited.
Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping is Not Associated with Acute Kidney Injury in Very Low Birth Weight Neonates
Authors: Harer Matthew W. , McAdams Ryan M. , Conaway Mark , Vergales Brooke D. , Hyatt Dylan M. , Charlton Jennifer R.
Published: October 2019

Objective This study aimed to determine if delayed cord clamping (DCC) is associated with a reduction in neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI).

Study Design A retrospective single-center cohort study of 278 very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates was performed to compare the incidence of AKI in the following groups: immediate cord clamping (ICC), DCC, and umbilical cord milking. AKI was diagnosed by the modified neonatal Kidney Diseases and Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definition.

Results The incidence of AKI in the first week was 20.1% with no difference between groups (p = 0.78). After adjustment for potential confounders, the odds of developing AKI, following DCC, compared with ICC was 0.93 (confidence interval [CI]: 0.46–1.86) with no reduction in the stage of AKI between groups.

Conclusion In this study, DCC was not associated with a reduced rate of AKI in VLBW neonates. However, the data suggest that DCC is also not harmful to the kidneys, further supporting the safety of DCC in VLBW neonates.
Diversity and trends in population structure of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in febrile urinary tract infections in children in France from 2014 to 2017
Authors: Birgy André , Madhi Fouad , Jung Camille , Levy Corinne , Cointe Aurélie , Bidet Philippe , Hobson Claire Amaris , Bechet Stéphane , Sobral Elsa , Vuthien Hoang , Ferroni Agnès , Aberrane Saïd , Cuzon Gaëlle , Beraud Laetitia , Gajdos Vincent , Launay Elise , Pinquier Didier , Haas Hervé , Desmarest Marie , Dommergues Marie-Aliette , Cohen Robert , Bonacorsi Stéphane ,   Group of the National Observatory of Urinary tract Infection due to ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in children, Adam Marie-Noëlle , Amara Marlène , Andriantahina Isabelle , Belgaid Abdelmalek , Biscardi Sandra , Boyer Sophie , Branger Catherine , Breant Isabelle , Breuil Jack , Caillon Jocelyne , Cixous Emmanuel , Cojocaru Bogdan , Craiu Irina , Decobert Marion , Dessein Rodrigue , Doucet-Populaire Florence , Dubos François , Ducrocq Sarah , Farges-Berth Anne , Farrugia Cécile , Fiacre Alain , Galerne Aurélien , Garrec Hélène , Georget Emilie , Grimpel Emmanuel , Hees Laure , Labbee Franck , Pitsch Aurélia , Poilane Isabelle , Sivadon-Tardy Valérie , Soussan-Banini Valérie , Starck Benoit , Timsit Sandra , Traore Philippe , Vachee Anne , Vignaud Olivier
Published: October 2019

Background

The population structure of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli evolves over time, notably due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant clones such as ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E).

Objectives

To analyse by WGS the genetic diversity of a large number of ESBL-E isolated from urinary tract infections in children from paediatric centres across France between 2014 and 2017 and collected by the National Observatory of febrile urinary tract infection (FUTI) caused by ESBL-E.

Methods

A total of 40 905 Enterobacteriaceae-positive urine cultures were identified. ESBL-E were found in 1983 samples (4.85%). WGS was performed on 251 ESBL-E causing FUTI. STs, core genome MLST (cgMLST), serotype, fimH allele, ESBL genes and presence of papGII key virulence factor were determined.

Results

E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were found in 86.9% (218/251) and 11.2% (28/251) of cases, respectively. Several STs predominate among E. coli such as ST131, ST38, ST69, ST73, ST95, ST405, ST12 and ST1193, while no ST emerged in K. pneumoniae. E. coli ST131, ST38 and ST1193 increased during the study period, with a heterogeneity in papGII prevalence (64.5%, 35% and 20% respectively). Most isolates harboured the CTX-M type (97%) with a predominance of blaCTX-M-15. blaCTX-M-27, an emerging variant in E. coli, is found in various STs. cgMLST enabled discrimination of clusters within the main STs.

Conclusions

The predominance of ST131, and the emergence of other STs such as ST38 and ST1193 combined with ESBL genes deserves close epidemiological surveillance considering their high threat in infectious disease. cgMLST could be a discriminant complementary tool for the analyses.
Importance of Preovipositional Period of an Oligophagous Moth in Predicting Host Suitability
Authors: Kong Weina , Wang Yi , Guo Yongfu , Chai Xiaohan , Li Jie , Ma Ruiyan
Published: October 2019

For oligophagous insects, larval performance is very important to evaluate host suitability in host use. However, key indices among all performance traits including survival, development, and fecundity of the adult insect to predict host suitability are not clear. To investigate the key performance indices, we observed the performance of an oligophagous moth Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a pest mainly damaging rosaceous plants, on three apple varieties, three peach varieties, and three pear varieties in the laboratory by placing its eggs on fruits. The moth’s fitness was evaluated by the intrinsic rate of increase at fruit variety- and species-level variability. Our results showed that the preovipositional period of female moths and longevity of male moths were the indices primarily predicting intrinsic rates of increase for fruit variety and for fruit species. However, the preovipositional period of female moths was different at species-level variability but not at variety-level variability, whereas the longevity of male moths was not different at variety- or species-level variability. These results revealed that preovipositional period of female moths was a key predictor for host suitability in G. molesta. This study highlighted that gravid females may be a principal indicator in host resource optimization for oligophagous insects.
Samples From Cases of Delusional Parasitosis as Seen in the UK Parasitology Reference Laboratory (2014–2015)
Authors: Garcia-Mingo A , Dawood N , Watson J , Chiodini P L
Published: October 2019

Delusional parasitosis is a common syndrome seen in Infectious Diseases clinics. These patients characteristically provide samples as evidence of their infestation. We prospectively catalogued and characterized 138 samples from these patients, processed in the UK Clinical Parasitology reference laboratory from January 2014 to April 2015. No human parasites were identified.
A sex difference in the composition of the rodent postsynaptic density
Authors: Mastro Tara L. , Preza Anthony , Basu Shinjini , Chattarji Shona , Till Sally M. , Kind Peter , Kennedy Mary B.
Published: October 2019

SynGAP is a postsynaptic density (PSD) protein that binds to PDZ domains of the scaffold protein PSD-95. We previously reported that heterozygous deletion of synGAP in mice is correlated with increased steady-state levels of other key PSD proteins that bind PSD-95, although the level of PSD-95 remains constant (Walkup et al., 2016). For example, the ratio to PSD-95 of Transmembrane AMPA-Receptor-associated Proteins (TARPs), which mediate binding of AMPA-type glutamate receptors to PSD-95, was increased in young synGAP+/- mice. Here we show that a highly significant increase in TARP in the PSDs of young synGAP+/- rodents is present only in females and not in males. The data reveal a sex difference in the adaptation of the PSD scaffold to synGAP heterozygosity.