bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elektroremediasi Perairan Tercemar: 3. Elektrodekolorisasi Larutan Remazol black B dengan Elektroda Timbal Dioksida/Karbon dan Analisis Larutan Sisa Dekolorisasi
Authors: Widodo Didik Setiyo , Ismiyarto Ismiyarto , Noorikhlas Fithri
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian dekolorisasi dan analisis lanjutan sisa elektrolisis larutan zat warna—remazol black B—dengan metode elektrolisis (elektrodekolorisasi) menggunakan anoda timbal dioksida, analisis spektrometri UV-Vis dan GC-MS. Remazol black B merupakan zat warna reaktif yang banyak digunakan pada industri tekstil, batik, dan tenun. Pada proses produksi dan pewarnaan, zat warna ini dapat terbuang ke lingkungan dan mencemari perairan, sehingga diperlukan upaya untuk memperbaiki lingkungan perairan. Pada pemilihan metode mempertimbangkan pemilihan bahan elektroda. Timbal dioksida sebagai elektroda dipilih dengan mempertimbangkan sifat bahan ini dalam sistem eletrolisis, stabil (inert) dan efek elektrokatalisis yang diharapkan memberikan sinergi pada upaya remediasi perairan tercemar dengan pendekatan elektrokimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendekolorisasi dan menganalisis larutan sisa elektrolisis untuk memperoleh konfirmasi produk destruksi. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan mengelektrolisis larutan remazol black B sebanyak 50 mL dengan potensial 5,5 V selama 90 menit. Setelah elektrolisis larutan sampel dianalisis dengan spektrometri UV-Vis. Analisis kualitatif meliputi pengamatan warna larutan sampel sebelum elektrolisis dan sesudah elektrolisis, dan pengukuran absorbansi dengan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan dengan mengolah data pengukuran absorbansi pada panjang gelombang maksimum dengan spektrometri UV-Vis sebelum dan sesudah elektrolisis. Analisis GC-MS dikerjakan pada sampel setelah ekstraksi. Sebanyak 5 mL larutan sisa elektrolisis ditambah 10 mL dietil eter kemudian diekstraksi. Filtrat yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan GC-MS. Data riset menunjukkan bahwa larutan zat warna remazol black B dapat didekolorisasi dengan metode elektrolisis menggunakan elektroda PbO2/Pb dan PbO2/karbon. Sistem PbO2/Pb memberikan hasil yang lebih efektif dalam proses elektrodestruksi zat warna remazol black B dibandingkan sistem PbO2/karbon. Pada temperatur kamar, elektrodekolorisasi sampel remazol black B menggunakan anoda PbO2/Pb telah berlangsung 100% menjadi CO2, H2O dan/atau senyawa karbon rantai pendek dan tidak mempunyai gugus kromofor (pemberi warna), sedangkan elektrodekolorisasi menggunakan PbO2/karbon telah mendekolorisasi zat warna dengan sempurna dan menyisakan senyawa yang bercincin benzena yang dapat dihilangkan dengan baik dengan penambahan waktu elektrolisisKata Kunci: elektrolisis, elektrodekolorisasi/elektrodestruksi, remazol black B, elektroda PbO2, spektrometri UV-Visible
Influence of Aggregate–Binder Adhesion on Fatigue Life of Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Lucas Júnior Jorge Luiz Oliveira , Babadopulos Lucas Feitosa de Albuquerque Lima , Soares Jorge Barbosa
Published: July 2019

The adhesiveness between aggregate and asphalt binder is believed to affect the life cycle of asphalt pavements, mainly in the presence of water. One of the most common asphalt pavement distresses is fatigue cracking. The objective of this article is to investigate the relationship between adhesion properties and fatigue life of asphalt mixtures. The asphalt bond strength test was used to measure adhesion (pull-off tensile strength) at two different moisture conditioning states: unconditioned (or dry) and conditioned in distilled water for 24 h at 40°C. The test consists of measuring the pull-off pressure required to break an aggregate–binder interface, called the pull-off tensile strength. For the fatigue damage characterization of the mixtures, controlled crosshead sinusoidal tension-compression tests were used, associated with the Simplified Viscoelastic Continuum Damage modeling protocol. Four asphalt mixtures were investigated. They share the same aggregate gradation but differ in aggregate source (two different sources) and the presence or absence of an anti-stripping agent. The mixture with pure asphalt binder showed higher values of pull-off tensile strength than mixtures with asphalt binder doped by an anti-stripping agent. However, the analysis of the pull-off tensile strength ratio (comparison between unconditioned and moisture-conditioned specimens) showed that the addition of anti-stripping agent provided significant moisture damage resistance in the aggregate–binder interface. Results also show that mixtures with asphalt binder modified by anti-stripping agent had higher simulated fatigue life than mixtures with pure asphalt binder. Excellent correlations were obtained between the strain amplitude required to obtain a given @ Nf (strain amplitude @ Nf) with pull-off tensile strength, which confirms that the fatigue life of asphalt mixtures is related to the adhesion between aggregate and asphalt binder.
A Neural Circuit Mechanism for the Involvements of Dopamine in Effort-Related Choices: Decay of Learned Values, Secondary Effects of Depletion, and Calculation of Temporal Difference Error
Authors: Morita Kenji , Kato Ayaka
Published: July 2019

Dopamine has been suggested to be crucially involved in effort-related choices. Key findings are that dopamine depletion (i) changed preference for a high-cost, large-reward option to a low-cost, small-reward option, (ii) but not when the large-reward option was also low-cost or the small-reward option gave no reward, (iii) while increasing the latency in all the cases but only transiently, and (iv) that antagonism of either dopamine D1 or D2 receptors also specifically impaired selection of the high-cost, large-reward option. The underlying neural circuit mechanisms remain unclear. Here we show that findings i–iii can be explained by the dopaminergic representation of temporal-difference reward-prediction error (TD-RPE), whose mechanisms have now become clarified, if (1) the synaptic strengths storing the values of actions mildly decay in time and (2) the obtained-reward-representing excitatory input to dopamine neurons increases after dopamine depletion. The former is potentially caused by background neural activity–induced weak synaptic plasticity, and the latter is assumed to occur through post-depletion increase of neural activity in the pedunculopontine nucleus, where neurons representing obtained reward exist and presumably send excitatory projections to dopamine neurons. We further show that finding iv, which is nontrivial given the suggested distinct functions of the D1 and D2 corticostriatal pathways, can also be explained if we additionally assume a proposed mechanism of TD-RPE calculation, in which the D1 and D2 pathways encode the values of actions with a temporal difference. These results suggest a possible circuit mechanism for the involvements of dopamine in effort-related choices and, simultaneously, provide implications for the mechanisms of TD-RPE calculation.
Online LI-rTMS during a Visual Learning Task: Differential Impacts on Visual Circuit and Behavioral Plasticity in Adult Ephrin-A2A5–/–Mice
Authors: Poh Eugenia Z. , Harvey Alan R. , Makowiecki Kalina , Rodger Jennifer
Published: July 2019

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) induces plasticity in normal and abnormal neural circuitries, an effect that may be influenced by intrinsic brain activity during treatment. Here, we study potential synergistic effects between low-intensity rTMS (LI-rTMS) and concurrent neural activity in promoting circuit reorganization and enhancing visual behavior. We used ephrin-A2A5–/–mice, which are known to possess visuotopic mapping errors that are ameliorated by LI-rTMS, and assessed the impact of stimulation when mice were engaged in a visual learning task. A detachable coil was affixed to each mouse, and animals underwent 2 wk of 10-min daily training in a two-choice visual discrimination task with concurrent LI-rTMS or sham stimulation. No-task controls (+LI-rTMS/sham) were placed in the task arena without visual task training. At the end of the experiment, visuomotor tracking behavior was assessed, and corticotectal and geniculocortical pathway organization was mapped by injections of fluorescent tracers into the primary visual cortex. Consistent with previous results, LI-rTMS alone improved geniculocortical and corticotectal topography, but combining LI-rTMS with the visual learning task prevented beneficial corticotectal reorganization and had no additional effect on geniculocortical topography or visuomotor tracking performance. Unexpectedly, there was a significant increase in the total number of trials completed by task + LI-rTMS mice in the visual learning task. Comparison with wild-type mice revealed that ephrin-A2A5–/–mice had reduced accuracy and response rates, suggesting a goal-directed behavioral deficit, which was improved by LI-rTMS. Our results suggest that concurrent brain activity during behavior interacts with LI-rTMS, altering behavior and different visual circuits in an abnormal system.
Survival in a Climate of Change: The Origins and Evolution of Nomadic Dairying in Mongolia
Authors: Kindstedt Paul S. , Ser-Od Tsetsgee
Published: July 2019

Dairying and cheesemaking originated in the Fertile Crescent during the early Neolithic and then spread widely throughout Southwest Asia and Europe. Rennet coagulated cheesemaking became a key preservation strategy for milk in these regions. A different form of dairying, based on nomadic and semi-nomadic herding, and a different form of milk preservation based on the production of dried acid coagulated and acid-heat coagulated cheeses, developed on the Eurasian steppe and is still practiced in Mongolia today. This work seeks to reconstruct the migration and evolution of dairying and cheesemaking practices from their Neolithic origin in Southwest Asia to Mongolia, and to establish the role that rapid climate change events played in this process.
Sourcing and Saving Food in Siberian Kitchens
Authors: Hudgins Sharon
Published: July 2019

Encompassing a wide range of landscapes and climate zones—Arctic tundra, high mountains, boreal forests, grassy steppes, lush wetlands—Siberia is home to a large number of wild edible flora and fauna, as well as certain cultivated crops and domestic animals. Based on the author's on-site research combined with her own culinary experiences when living in post-Soviet Siberia, this article describes the multiple influences on the food supply and taste preferences of Siberians; many of the wild foods available to Siberians for thousands of years; the challenges of food supplies and urban kitchens in early post-Soviet Siberia; traditional methods of food preservation among native and immigrant populations; summer kitchens; and the importance of dacha gardens to the food supply of Siberia.
The Art of Saving Food: Preserving Gestures in Ymane Fakhir's Video Installation, Handmade (2011–12)
Authors: Durmelat Sylvie
Published: July 2019

If food is transient, so are the techniques, gestures, and know-how required to preserve it and extend its lifetime. “There is a life and death of gestures,” Luce Giard (1998: 202) suggests with a tinge of nostalgia. Casablanca-born and Marseille-based visual artist Ymane Fakhir (b. 1969) documents this transition with a sense of urgency. In Handmade (2011–12), a series of five minimalist videos titled Grains, Bread, Wheat, Vermicelli, and Sugar Loaf, Fakhir captures her Moroccan grandmother's technical gestures as she transforms raw ingredients into basic staples such as couscous. Documentary, memorandum, archive, narration, and video installation, her five films, like five fingers, record her grandmother's hands at work. The installation recreates her childhood sensorium and memories of her grandmother's nurturing preparations. Likewise, her films function as visual aide-mémoire and collective repository for a new generation of women, including Fakhir's own daughter, who do not (need to) know these techniques. In this article, I ask what type of aesthetic interventions her film segments propose, and which memorial and symbolic goals they achieve. More specifically, in light of Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia's 2018 common bid to have couscous recognized as UNESCO World Cultural Heritage, I focus on how Fakhir's video installation, compared to institutional projects of heritagization, works to restore the degraded cultural capital of this now transnational and industrialized dish, while speaking to contemporary anxieties about the industrialization of the food system in both Morocco and France.
The Gastronomical “She”: Narrating (Dis)Embodiment in M.F.K. Fisher's Memoir
Authors: Burns Victoria
Published: July 2019

This article addresses the deviations between the authorial figure of M.F.K. Fisher and the woman who crafted her, Mary Frances Kennedy Fisher. It considers M.F.K. Fisher's reputation as a figure in food studies and explores the potentially problematic implications of the overwhelmingly celebratory response to Fisher's metaphorical approach to food writing in her memoir, The Gastronomical Me. By considering Mary Frances Kennedy Fisher's complicated, often negative relationship with food, as highlighted in her journal entries and interviews, the author argues that The Gastronomical Me presents a disembodied protagonist who sidesteps corporeal and gender-specific implications of the sensory-driven, unapologetic eating she promotes. Considering the genre of life writing, the historical context in which the text was published, and Mary Frances Kennedy Fisher's background, this article calls for The Gastronomical Me's treatment as an imaginative recreation of lived experiences (one that could more accurately be named The Gastronomical She), rather than a fact-based example of life writing. Viewing the memoir in this manner allows readers to distinguish M.F.K. Fisher more clearly as a fictionalized version of Mary Frances Kennedy Fisher, an outlet for which metaphorical views of hunger and consumption afforded Mary Frances space to escape from cultural pressures and personal struggles with her body.
Sea Otter Hunting and Conservation in Southern California since the Gold Rush
Authors: Ravalli Richard , McGrann Michael C.
Published: July 2019

The sea otter population along the Southern California coast was reduced by maritime hunting in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries but not entirely driven to extinction. Based on historical sources and archival newspaper accounts, the authors have devised a conservative estimate of otter hunting activity between 1855 and 1908 and determined where hunting was concentrated. Conservation efforts in the Progressive Era and the 1970s and a translocation program in the late twentieth century have resulted in a limited population resurgence.
The 1942 Santa Anita Detainment Center Labor Strike and Japanese American Incarceration during World War II
Authors: Hinnershitz Stephanie
Published: July 2019

This article studies a brief strike by Nikkei incarcerees at the Santa Anita Assembly Center in 1942. Employed in the industrial production of camouflage nets, the imprisoned Japanese Americans staged a strike over pay, worker safety, and rights. Without previous guidelines, the center’s administrators had to devise a resolution to this halt in the production of war materiel. The Santa Anita netmakers' strike and its resolution provided a foundation for handling labor disputes at the permanent WRA camps later. The author identifies the administration, division of labor, pay, and unsafe work conditions, along with the strike leadership, management’s response, and the outcome of the strike.
“A Private Passion”
Authors: Ainsworth Alan John
Published: July 2019

Photographer Bob Douglas’s 1940s–1990s career illustrates the race-based constraints experienced by African American photographers. Analyses of his images of jazz performers bring to light his rapport with the musicians and his sensitivity to their music and the differences between his practice and from that of white jazz photographers. His oeuvre is an important contribution to the history of both jazz and photography.
FERMI: A Novel Method for Sensitive Detection of Rare Mutations in Somatic Tissue
Authors: Liggett L Alexander , Sharma Anchal , De Subhajyoti , DeGregori James
Published: July 2019

With growing interest in monitoring mutational processes in normal tissues, tumor heterogeneity, and cancer evolution under therapy, the ability to accurately and economically detect ultra-rare mutations is becoming increasingly important. However, this capability has often been compromised by significant sequencing, PCR and DNA preparation error rates. Here, we describe FERMI (Fast Extremely Rare Mutation Identification) - a novel method designed to eliminate the majority of these sequencing and library-preparation errors in order to significantly improve rare somatic mutation detection. This method leverages barcoded targeting probes to capture and sequence DNA of interest with single copy resolution. The variant calls from the barcoded sequencing data are then further filtered in a position-dependent fashion against an adaptive, context-aware null model in order to distinguish true variants. As a proof of principle, we employ FERMI to probe bone marrow biopsies from leukemia patients, and show that rare mutations and clonal evolution can be tracked throughout cancer treatment, including during historically intractable periods like minimum residual disease. Importantly, FERMI is able to accurately detect nascent clonal expansions within leukemias in a manner that may facilitate the early detection and characterization of cancer relapse.
Predicting Phenotypic Diversity from Molecular and Genetic Data
Authors: Harel Tom , Peshes-Yaloz Naama , Bacharach Eran , Gat-Viks Irit
Published: July 2019

Uncovering relationships between molecular and phenotypic diversity presents a substantial challenge. Harel et al. devised InPhenotype, a computational approach that combines gene-expression and genotype data to predict quantitative traits. The key advance...

Despite the importance of complex phenotypes, an in-depth understanding of the combined molecular and genetic effects on a phenotype has yet to be achieved. Here, we introduce InPhenotype, a novel computational approach for complex phenotype prediction, where gene-expression data and genotyping data are integrated to yield quantitative predictions of complex physiological traits. Unlike existing computational methods, InPhenotype makes it possible to model potential regulatory interactions between gene expression and genomic loci without compromising the continuous nature of the molecular data. We applied InPhenotype to synthetic data, exemplifying its utility for different data parameters, as well as its superiority compared to current methods in both prediction quality and the ability to detect regulatory interactions of genes and genomic loci. Finally, we show that InPhenotype can provide biological insights into both mouse and yeast datasets.
Impacto de la construcción de la Terminal de Contenedores (APM Terminals) en Playa de Moín, Costa Rica
Authors: Vargas-Hernández Annie , Barrantes-Castillo Gustavo
Published: July 2019

Esta investigación basó su análisis en el efecto que ha tenido la construcción de la Terminal de Contenedores de Moín (TCM) sobre la playa entre desde el inicio de la obra y hasta 2017. El impacto fue determinado en términos de su efecto sobre los cambios en la línea de costa y el perfil de la playa. Los resultados muestran que ya existía un retroceso de la línea de costa, anterior a la construcción de la obra, que se ha extendido con la obra y que los mayores cambios son debido a la interrupción de las corrientes de transporte de sedimento y al engorde artificial de la playa, en las proximidades de la obra.
Sistemas de información geográfica y modelado hidráulico de redes de abastecimiento de agua potable: estudios de caso en la provincia de Guanacaste, Costa Rica
Authors: González-Ramírez Esteban Alberto , Bejarano-Salazar Esteban
Published: July 2019

Las metodologías de diseño y análisis de sistemas de acueductos y alcantarillados han ido cambiando con el surgir de nuevas herramientas y tecnologías que, además de simplificar estos procesos, resultan cada vez más confiables y precisas. La aplicación directa de estas nuevas tecnologías ha mejorado notablemente la manera en que se planifican, se diseñan y construyen los proyectos de agua potable y saneamiento en el país. El modelado hidráulico de redes es una metodología que se viene aplicando desde hace varios años, tanto para el análisis y diseño de redes de agua potable como para redes de alcantarillado. Las versiones más recientes de software de modelado hidráulico tienen la enorme ventaja de que son compatibles con Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG). En la presente investigación se muestra un procedimiento teórico y metodológico utilizado para simplificar el modelado hidráulico a través de la captura y sistematización de los datos en un SIG, además de una serie de resultados obtenidos de casos específicos en sistemas de la provincia de Guanacaste en Costa Rica.
SIMPÓSIO INTERNACIONAL DE FENOMENOLOGIA E HERMENÊUTICA. SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE FENOMENOLOGIA
Authors: De Oliveira Nythamar Fernandes
Published: July 2019

Apresentação sobre o Simpósio
li Simpósio Internacional sobre a Justiça Second lnternational Symposium on Justice
Authors: De Souza Ricardo Timm
Published: July 2019

Programação do Simpósio.
FUNDAMENTOS DA RACIONALIDADE ESTÉTICA NA ANALÍTICA DO BELO KANTIANA
Authors: Paviani Jayme
Published: July 2019

Interpretação de aspectos relevantes da Analítica do Belo da Critica da Faculdade do Juízo de Kant sob a perspectiva de uma fundamentação da racionalidade estética.
O NORMATIVISMO UNIFORME DE TUGENDHAT E O ELOGIO A ARISTÓTELES
Authors: Heck José N.
Published: July 2019

A Doutrina do direito é um dos últimos trabalhos de Kant. Recomposto para uma nova editoração, o texto tem merecido a atenção de e teóricos do direito. A presente contribuição examina a repercussão da obra jurídica de Kant nos escritos recentes de Tugendhat, um dos críticos mais notórios do pensamento kantiano. O artigo privilegia asrelações entre direito e moral, procura dar uma feição mais nítida à chamada razão trivial, tendo em vista as clássicas objeções de Hegel à razão prática kantiana.
CRITIQUE OF PUBLIC REASON REVISITED: KANT AS ARBITER BETWEEN RAWLS AND HABERMAS
Authors: De Oliveira Nythamar Fernandes
Published: July 2019

Trata-se de revisitar o debate Rawls-Habermas,em particular, o problema da autonomia política à luz da apropriação que estes autores nos oferecem do procedimentalismo kantiano.Tanto John Rawls quanto Jürgen Habermas, em suas respectivas concepções de "cultura política" e "esfera pública," partem de uma equivocada atribuição de um fundacionalismo moral em Kant ("fato da razão") de forma a preservar o princípio normativo de universalizabilidade capaz de assegurar a estabilidade de uma "sociedade bem ordenada" (Rawls) e balizar o procedimentalismo democrático enquanto alternativa para os modelos liberais e republicanos (Habermas).
Effect of Preheating Temperature on Synthesis of Pure BiFeO3 via Sol–Gel Method
Authors: Taha G. M. , Rashed M. N. , El-Sadek M. S. , Moghazy M. A.
Published: July 2019

BiFeO3 (BFO) nanopowder was synthesized in a pure form via a sol- gel method based on glycol gel reaction. Effect of drying and preheating temperature on preventing other phases was studied. Many parameters were studied as calcination temperature and time & stirring temperature as well. The prepared powder was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction of powder (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). High pure BiFeO3 was obtained by preheated process at 400 °C for 0.5 h and calcination at 600 °C for 0.5 h without any impurities compared to dry at110 °C.
The ‘God’ of Women
Authors: Cruz Priscilla Angela
Published: July 2019

This article is an exploration of the lines that connect values education and spiritual beliefs with English language teaching (ELT) practices in the Philippines through the Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) framework of knowledge about language (KAL) (Rose and Martin, 2012). It argues that through KAL, teachers can lead classroom work to the reading and critiquing of the regulative meanings that students receive through the texts that they grapple with. That pedagogical contexts serve socially regulative functions has been researched for many years. Christie (1997) has argued that schools respond to ‘the need to produce morally responsible subjects’ (p. 134). In the Philippines, religion plays an important role in the regulative ordering of society. Catholicism, in particular, finds its way in many contexts. The ELT classroom is no exception as language pedagogy can be a vehicle for carrying faith and/or values related regulative meanings. However, it is observable that whatever forces come into play in the regulative functions of schooling are not necessarily unbiased but perform interested roles that support the socio-political and economic relations of an ‘unequal society’ (Apple, 2004: Loc. 592). The challenge that faces teachers now is how to balance teaching the needed skills while at the same time, appreciating and/or critiquing the regulative messages that texts project in the classroom. This balance is the concern of this paper. As a study of ELT practices in a Catholic context, it argues for the strong need to build knowledge about language in order for both students and teachers to examine, problematize, and critique the meanings that they receive.
Stroke and transient ischemic attacks related to antiplatelet or warfarin interruption
Authors: RIZELIO Vanessa , MACUCO Andre Luiz Borba , SATO Henry Koiti , NASCIMENTO Maria Tereza de Moraes Souza , SOUZA Ricardo Krause Martinez de , KOWACS Pedro André
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Patients on anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy are often required to discontinue these medications before and during surgical or invasive procedures. In some cases, the patient stops the treatment without medical supervision. These situations may increase stroke risk. Objective To identify the ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) prevalence related to length of time of discontinuation of antiplatelet or vitamin K antagonist therapy, in a group of inpatients from a specialized neurological hospital in Brazil. Methods Cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive study of stroke inpatients for three years. Medical reports were reviewed to find study participants, stroke characteristics, risk factors, reasons and time of drug interruption. Results In three years, there were 360 stroke and TIA inpatients, of whom 27 (7.5%) had a history of antiplatelet or vitamin K antagonist interruption correlated with the time of the event (81% ischemic stroke, 19% TIA). The median time between antiplatelet interruption and an ischemic event was five days, and 62% of events occurred within seven days after drug suspension. For vitamin K antagonists, the average time to the ischemic event was 10.4 days (SD = 5.7), and in 67% of patients, the time between drug discontinuation and the event was 7-14 days. The most frequent reason for drug suspension was patient negligence (37%), followed by planned surgery or invasive examination (26%) and side effects, including hemorrhage (18.5%). Conclusion Antiplatelet or vitamin K antagonist suspension has a temporal relationship with the occurrence of stroke and TIA. Since these events are preventable, it is crucial that healthcare professionals convince their patients that drug withdrawal can cause serious consequences.
Association of bruxism and anxiety symptoms among military firefighters with frequent episodic tension type headache and temporomandibular disorders
Authors: WAGNER Bianca de Araújo , MOREIRA FILHO Pedro Ferreira , BERNARDO Vagner Gonçalves
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the presence of bruxism and anxiety among military firefighters with frequent episodic tension-type headache and painful temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Methods The sample consisted of 162 individuals aged 18 to 55 years divided into four groups. Headache was diagnosed in accordance with the International Classification of Headache Disorders-III. The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders questionnaire was used to classify TMDs and awake bruxism; sleep bruxism was diagnosed in accordance with the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-3; and anxiety was classified using the Beck Anxiety Inventory. In statistical models, a significance level of 95% was used. The chi-square test was used to assess anxiety. Results Associations were found among frequent episodic tension-type headache, painful TMDs, awake bruxism and anxiety (p < 0.0005). Sleep bruxism was not a risk factor (p = 0.119) except when associated with awake bruxism (p = 0.011). Conclusion Anxiety and awake bruxism were independent risk factors for developing frequent episodic tension-type headache associated with painful TMDs; only awake bruxism was a risk factor for frequent episodic tension-type headache with non-painful TMDs.
Observations from a nationwide vigilance program in medical care for spinal muscular atrophy patients in Chile
Authors: ALVAREZ Karin , SUAREZ Bernardita , PALOMINO María Angélica , HERVIAS Cecilia , CALCAGNO Giancarlo , MARTÍNEZ-JALILIE Maripaz , LOZANO-ARANGO Andrés , LILLO Susana , HARO Mariana , CORTÉS Fanny , PANTOJA Samuel , CHAHIN Andrés , ORELLANA Paulina , BEVILACQUA Jorge A , BERTINI Enrico , CASTIGLIONI Claudia
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has gained much attention in the last few years because of the approval of the first intrathecal treatment for this neurodegenerative disease. Latin America needs to develop the demographics of SMA, timely access to diagnosis, and appropriate following of the standards of care recommendations for patients. These are essential steps to guide health policies. Methods This was a descriptive study of a cohort of SMA patients from all over Chile. We analyzed the clinical, motor functional, and social data, as well as the care status of nutritional, respiratory and skeletal conditions. We also measured the SMN2 copy number in this population. Results We recruited 92 patients: 50 male; 23 SMA type-1, 36 SMA type-2 and 33 SMA type-3. The median age at genetic diagnosis was 5, 24 and 132 months. We evaluated the SMN2 copy number in 57 patients. The SMA type-1 patients were tracheostomized and fed by gastrostomy in a 69.6 % of cases, 65% of SMA type-2 patients received nocturnal noninvasive ventilation, and 37% of the whole cohort underwent scoliosis surgery. Conclusion Ventilatory care for SMA type-1 is still based mainly on tracheostomy. This Chilean cohort of SMA patients had timely access to genetic diagnosis, ventilatory assistance, nutritional support, and scoliosis surgery. In this series, SMA type-1 is underrepresented, probably due to restrictions in access to early diagnosis and the high and early mortality rate.
Parotidectomy-related facial nerve lesions: proposal for a modified Sunnybrook Facial Grading System
Authors: COSTA Márcia Gonçalves e Silva Targino da , MARANHÃO-FILHO Péricles de Andrade , SANTOS Izabella Costa , LUIZ Ronir Raggio , VINCENT Maurice Borges
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Facial nerve injury, affecting mainly the marginal mandibular branch, is the most frequent neurologic complication from parotidectomy. Objective To test a modified Sunnybrook Facial Grading System as a new tool to assess the facial nerve function following parotidectomy, emphasizing the marginal mandibular branch. Methods We reviewed the medical records of 73 post-parotidectomy patients (40 female, 18-84 years old, mean age 53.2 years) with facial nerve sparing, referred to the Department of Physical Therapy. All patients had parotid neoplasms or advanced skin cancer, and were followed by the principal author between 2006 and 2014. Results The muscles innervated by the marginal mandibular branch were the most frequently affected (72.6%), particularly in patients undergoing neck dissection (p = 0.023). The voluntary movement scores obtained with the modified system were significantly lower compared with the original version (p < 0.001). The best and worst scores were observed in patients with benign parotid tumors and skin cancer, respectively. Patients requiring neck dissection (p = 0.031) and resection of other structures (p = 0.021) had the lowest scores, evidenced only with the modified version. Patients with malignant tumors had significantly worse ratings, regardless of the Sunnybrook system version. The post-physiotherapy analysis involved 50 patients. The worst facial rehabilitation outcomes were related to the marginal mandibular branch function. Conclusion The modified Sunnybrook Facial Grading System improved the marginal mandibular branch assessment, preserving the evaluation of other facial nerve branches.
Consensus of the Brazilian Headache Society on the treatment of chronic migraine
Authors: KOWACS Fernando , ROESLER Célia Aparecida de Paula , PIOVESAN Élcio Juliato , SARMENTO Elder Machado , CAMPOS Henrique Carneiro de , MACIEL JR Jayme Antunes , CALIA Leandro Cortoni , BAREA Liselotte Menke , CICIARELLI Marcelo Cedrinho , VALENÇA Marcelo Moraes , COSTA Maria Eduarda Nobre de Magalhães , PERES Mário Fernando Prieto , KOWACS Pedro André , ROCHA-FILHO Pedro Augusto Sampaio , SILVA-NÉTO Raimundo Pereira da , VILLA Thais Rodrigues , JURNO Mauro Eduardo
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Chronic migraine poses a significant personal, social and economic burden and is characterized by headache present on 15 or more days per month for at least three months, with at least eight days of migrainous headache per month. It is frequently associated with analgesic or acute migraine medication overuse and this should not be overlooked. The present consensus was elaborated upon by a group of members of the Brazilian Headache Society in order to describe current evidence and to provide recommendations related to chronic migraine pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment. Withdrawal strategies in medication overuse headache are also described, as well as treatment risks during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Oral topiramate and onabotulinum toxin A injections are the only treatments granted Class A recommendation, while valproate, gabapentin, and tizanidine received Class B recommendation, along with acupuncture, biofeedback, and mindfulness. The anti-CGRP or anti-CGRPr monoclonal antibodies, still unavailable in Brazil, are promising new drugs already approved elsewhere for migraine prophylactic treatment, the efficacy of which in chronic migraine is still to be definitively proven.
Clinical swallowing prognostic indicators in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: LEITE Karoline Kussik de Almeida , SASSI Fernanda Chiarion , MEDEIROS Gisele Chagas de , COMERLATTI Luiz Roberto , ANDRADE Claudia Regina Furquim de
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT A swallowing disorder is present in more than 50% of patients with acute stroke. Objective To identify clinical prognostic indicators of the swallowing function in a population with acute ischemic stroke and to determine prioritization indicators for swallowing rehabilitation. Methods Participants were adults admitted to the emergency room who were diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke. Data gathering involved a swallowing assessment to determine the functional level of swallowing (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association National Outcome Measurement System – ASHA NOMS) and the verification of demographic and clinical variables. Results The study sample included 295 patients. For analysis purposes, patients were grouped as follows: ASHA NOMS levels 1 and 2 – ASHA1 (n = 51); levels 3, 4 and 5 – ASHA2 (n = 96); levels 6 and 7 – ASHA3 (n = 148). Statistical analyses indicated that patients who presented a poorer swallowing function (ASHA1) were older (age ≥ 70 years); had anterior circulation infarct; had lower scores on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS ≤ 14 points); took longer to initiate swallowing rehabilitation; had longer hospital stays; made more use of alternative feeding methods; needed more sessions of swallowing rehabilitation to remove alternate feeding methods; took longer to return to oral feeding and had poorer outcomes (fewer individuals discharged from swallowing rehabilitation sessions and increased mortality). Conclusion Patients with acute ischemic stroke, admitted to the emergency room, aged ≥ 70 years, score on the GCS ≤ 14, anterior circulation infarct and dementia should be prioritized for swallowing assessment and rehabilitation.
Improving acute demyelinating lesion detection: which T1-weighted magnetic resonance acquisition is more sensitive to gadolinium enhancement?
Authors: AMARAL Lázaro Luiz Faria do , FRAGOSO Diego Cardoso , ROCHA Antonio José da
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Because of the need for a standardized and accurate method for detecting multiple sclerosis (MS) inflammatory activity, different magnetic resonance (MR) acquisitions should be compared in order to choose the most sensitive sequence for clinical routine. Objective To compare the sensitivity of a T1-weighted image to a single dose of gadolinium (Gd) administration both with and without magnetization transfer to detect contrast enhancement in active demyelinating focal lesions. Methods A sample of relapsing-remitting MS patients were prospectively examined separately by two neuroradiologists using a 1.5 Tesla scanner. The outcome parameters were focused on Gd-enhancement detection attributed to acute demyelination. All MR examinations with at least one Gd-enhancing lesion were considered positive (MR+) and each lesion was analyzed according to its size and contrast ratio. Results Thirty-six MR examinations were analyzed with a high inter-observer agreement for MR+ detection (k coefficient > 0.8), which was excellent for the number of Gd-enhancing lesions (0.91 T1 spin-echo (SE), 0.88 T1 magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) sequence and 0.99 magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition with gradient-echo (MPRAGE). Significantly more MR+ were reported on the T1 MTC scans, followed by the T1 SE, and MPRAGE scans. Confidently, the T1 MTC sequence demonstrated higher accuracy in the detection of Gd-enhancing lesions, followed by the T1 SE and MPRAGE sequences. Further comparisons showed that there was a statistically significant increase in the contrast ratio and area of Gd-enhancement on the T1 MTC images when compared with both the SE and MPRAGE images. Conclusion Single-dose Gd T1 MTC sequence was confirmed to be the most sensitive acquisition for predicting inflammatory active lesions using a 1.5 T magnet in this sample of MS patients.
The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2 (WHODAS 2.0): remarks on the need to revise the WHODAS
Authors: Castro Shamyr , Leite Camila Ferreira , Coenen Michaela , Buchalla Cassia Maria
Published: July 2019

Functioning and disability are concepts in increasing use in clinical settings and in public health. From the public health perspective, the use of functioning as a third health indicator could show more than the frequency of a disease and its death rates, offering information on how the population performs its activities and participation. Clinically, the functioning assessment can provide information for patient-centered health care and specific clinical interventions according to their functioning profile. WHODAS 2.0 is a generic tool to assess health and functioning according to the ICF functioning model. It is an alternative to assess functioning in a less time-consuming way, whereas the duration of the application is one of the main ICF critiques. This paper aims to present some of WHODAS 2.0 inconsistencies and weaknesses as well as strategies to cope with them. In this paper, we present some weaknesses related to the WHODAS layout; wording and scoring process. Some suggestions for strategies to correct these weaknesses are presented, as well.
Effect of educational intervention based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model on preventive behaviors of cutaneous leishmaniasis among housewives
Authors: Jeihooni Ali Khani , Harsini Pooyan Afzali , Kashfi Seyyed Mansour , Rakhshani Tayebe
Published: July 2019

Leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in Iran. Since education to prevent the disease is important, this study aimed to determine the effect of educational intervention based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model on preventive behaviors of cutaneous leishmaniosis among housewives. In this quasi-experimental study, 240 housewives under the coverage of health centers, who lived in the endemic area of Mianshahr, Fasa city, Fars Province, Iran in 2016, were selected (120 people for the experimental group and 120 for the control group). The educational intervention for the experimental group was based on the PRECEDE model, which consists of seven 50-60-minute sessions of lectures, group discussions, role playing, practical displays, and video and PowerPoint displays. These sessions addressed the familiarity with cutaneous leishmaniasis and its different types and carriers, methods of preventing and fighting against it, personal protection, sanitation of the environment and drinking water, spraying of sites, use of mosquito nets, etc. Data were collected before educational intervention and three months after educational intervention. The mean age of the experimental group was 39.24±9.12 years and that of the control group was 38.84±9.28 years. Three months after the intervention, the experimental group showed a significant increase in knowledge, attitudes, reinforcing factors, enabling factors, and performance compared to the control group. The education based on enabling factors, reinforcing factors, and predisposing factors had a significant effect on the preventive behaviors of cutaneous leishmaniasis among housewives.
Delineamento experimental em Análise do Comportamento: discussão sobre o seu uso em intervenções educacionais inclusivas
Authors: Benitez Priscila , Domeniconi Camila , Bondioli Ricardo M.
Published: July 2019

Resumo A aplicação de intervenções educacionais inclusivas por agentes educacionais em estudantes da educação especial deveria ser sistematicamente avaliada, para garantir replicação futura dos procedimentos e resultados, a partir do uso de um delineamento experimental adequado à proposta. O objetivo foi analisar como pesquisas aplicadas podem contribuir no arranjo de intervenções educacionais inclusivas mais sistemáticas, a partir do uso de delineamentos experimentais em Análise do Comportamento; discutir a tomada de decisão para a escolha de um delineamento e o impacto dessa escolha nos dados coletados e no conhecimento que se deseja produzir, especialmente a partir do envolvimento dos diferentes agentes educacionais na aplicação de intervenções pedagógicas com estudantes com DI ou TEA. Discute-se a garantia de um delineamento que avalie os resultados das intervenções aplicadas por agentes e a dificuldade de identificar um delineamento que assegure com precisão científica o impacto de cada intervenção aplicada por cada um deles.
Preconceito e bullying: marcas da regressão psíquica socialmente induzida
Authors: Crochick José Leon
Published: July 2019

Resumo Os objetivos da pesquisa a ser relatada, baseada nos estudos da teoria crítica da sociedade, são: distinguir formas de violência escolar - o bullying e o preconceito - e relacioná-las com tipos de personalidade. Foram utilizadas escalas que detectam o sadomasoquismo, o narcisismo, a manifestação de preconceitos e o bullying. Tais escalas foram aplicadas a 161 universitários paulistanos, com as hipóteses de que bullying e preconceito têm relação significante, mas não plena; que a manifestação de preconceito está associada com características de personalidades sadomasoquistas e narcisistas, e que a autoria do bullying está mais relacionada com características de personalidade narcisista; o que sofre o bullying, por sua vez, não estaria associado com nenhum tipo das características de personalidade avaliadas. Essas hipóteses foram confirmadas, o que, dentro do referencial teórico utilizado, fortalece a análise de que se o progresso social como fim em si mesmo aperfeiçoa a sociedade, ao mesmo tempo leva os indivíduos a regredirem psiquicamente.
Rice seeds vigor through image processing of seedlings
Authors: Brunes André Pich , Araújo Ádamo de Souza , Dias Letícia Winke , Antoniolli Júlio , Gadotti Gizele Ingrid , Villela Francisco Amaral
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper was to verify the viability of digital image processing in the measurement of rice seedling and its potential use as seed vigor test. The experiment took place at the Laboratório Didático de Análise de Sementes, located in Capão do Leão (RS), using seeds of eight rice cultivars: Irga 424, Puitá Inta CL, BRS Esmeralda, SCS 116, Guri Inta CL, BRS Pampa, BRSGO Serra Dourada and Olimar. An image processing system (IPS) was used to measure length and area of shoot and root as an index of seed vigor in rice seeds. The experiment design was completely randomized with five replications. The evaluated variables were root and shoot length in graded ruler and by image, root and shoot area, and field emergence. Results obtained with the IPS were correlated with other quality tests though the Pearson tests. Determination of shoot length and leaf area of the seedlings obtained through IPS is effective for assessing the vigor of rice seeds.
Insulin effect during a Heatsynch protocol in dairy cows
Authors: Maffi Andressa Stein , Brauner Cássio Cassal , Mielke Lais Fernanda , Lima Marcio Erpen , Xavier Eduardo Gularte , Pino Francisco Augusto Burkert Del , Corrêa Marcio Nunes
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of exogenous insulin administration on follicular growth, estrus presentation and conception rate during a protocol of ovulation synchronization. Dairy cows were subjected to the Heatsynch protocol, with the insertion of an intravaginal device containing 1.9 g of progesterone (CIDR) and an intramuscular injection containing 2.5 mg of GnRH on day 0. On day 7, the CIDR was removed and subjects were given 12.5 mg of dinoprost. Also on day 7, Insulin Group (IG, n = 21) animals received a subcutaneous injection containing 0.25 IU / kg of recombinant human insulin and the control group (CG, n = 25) received a 0.9% NaCl injection. On day 8, an injection of 0.5 mg of estradiol cypionate was administered to all cows. Animals were inseminated 12 hours after estrus presentation or at day 10 at fixed time. Follicular development was evaluated on days 7, 9, and 10 using transrectal ultrasonography, estrus presentation was observed between days 8 and 10, and conception rate was evaluated 30 days after AI. There were no differences in growth rate, follicular diameter, estrus presentation, and conception rate. Therefore, application of a single dose of insulin does not promoted an increase in follicular size, estrus presentation and conception rate in dairy cows.
Growth hormone on ovarian morphology of lambaris (Astyanax bimaculatus) after induced spawning
Authors: Marcon Lucas , Freitas Vivian Rocha , Bazzoli Nilo , Rizzo Elizete , Benjamin Laércio dos Anjos
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT: Lambari, Astyanax bimaculatus, is an oviparous, multiple-spawning fish that is reproductively active throughout the year, which makes it promising for cultivation and research. This research histologically evaluates the ovaries of lambari that have undergone artificial spawning induced with pituitary extract (control group), and the effect of growth hormone at a dose of 2 mg/g body weight (treatment group) on the subsequent process of ovarian recovery. Ovaries of fish in both the control and treatments groups were collected at 120 hours after spawning and analyzed using optical microscopy to characterize the average quantities of: follicles in different stages of development, post-ovulatory follicles, follicular atresia and granulocytes. Quantity and morphology of early and advanced primary follicles did not differ between the treatment and control groups; an important and necessary factor for ovarian recovery for subsequent spawning. There was a greater amount of granulocytes in initial atresia in the group treated with growth hormone. These results demonstrated that the administration of growth hormone may potentiate the process of ovarian recovery after induced spawning.