bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation and analysis of interleaved dc-dc boost converter for grid-connected photovoltaic energy system
Authors: BUYUK Mehmet
Published: November 2022

In this study, we focused on the synthesis of polymeric hydrogels that will support the sorption and controlled release of urea, which is a rich nitrogen source, from aqueous solutions and their usability in agricultural applications. N, N-Dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm) and Starch (St) were selected as monomers, and their superior properties, such as chemical stability, high sorption properties, biocompatibility, and the presence of modifiable groups, were utilized. A redox polymerization technique was used to create a poly(DMAAm-co-St)-based hydrogel that was then modified with acidic and basic agents to improve the properties of starch. The synthesized acid- and base-modified hydrogels were named DSt, DSt1, and DSt2, respectively. Swelling analyses were performed to examine the structural and morphological properties of DSt, DSt1, and DSt2 hydrogels, and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Thermogravimetric Analyzers (TGA) were used. Intense cross-linking, porosity, and the presence of hydrophilic groups were successfully detected by instrumental analysis and swelling results. The successful results of urea sorption by DSt, DSt1, and DSt2 hydrogels show that they can both minimize the harmful effects of urea in the environment and contain the nitrogen necessary for plants. At the same time, urea sorption behaviors were evaluated in terms of sorption isotherms and thermodynamic properties, and it was observed that urea sorption conformed to the Langmuir isotherm. The urea release results showed that DSt, DSt1, and DSt2 hydrogels exhibited different release properties in different pH solutions, and these results reached 94% at pH 6–8, 100% at pH 6, and 100% at pH 8–10, respectively. As a result of the gradual decrease in the water resources on the earth, the increase in the use of fertilizers in agricultural production, and the insufficient use of fertilizers, our study draws attention to the development and support of materials that absorb/store water, and forms of controlled release fertilizers and provides potential ease of application
Reseña de Adrián J. Sáez, Desde Italia con amor. Aretino en la poesía española del Siglo de Oro, Madrid-Fráncfort, Iberoamericana-Vervuert, (Clásicos Hispánicos, 25), 2021
Authors: Serés Guillén Guillermo
Published: November 2022

RESUMEN: Reseña del libro de Adrián J. Sáez, Desde Italia con amor. Aretino en la poesía española del Siglo de Oro.

ABSTRACT: Review of the book by Adrián J. Sáez, Desde Italia con amor. Aretino en la poesía española del Siglo de Oro.
Identificación de las zonas con dificultades geográficas de acceso a los servicios públicos de salud en Costa Rica: una propuesta metodológica
Authors: Fantin Romain , Gómez-Duarte Ingrid , Rojas-Araya Karol , Sáenz-Bonilla Juan Pablo , Barboza Solís Cristina
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: el propósito de este estudio es presentar y aplicar una herramienta metodológica para identificar las zonas en las cuales el acceso a los servicios de salud pudiera resultar difícil para la población debido a la barrera geográfica, tanto por su distancia al centro médico, como por su capacidad de desplazamiento, específicamente en los cantones de Curridabat, Escazú y Desamparados. Métodos: a partir de la división geográfica del país en unidades geoestadísticas mínimas realizada por el Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos, se calculó, por cada unidad, la distancia en minutos que se tardaría en recorrer caminando, por la ruta real más rápida, desde la unidad geoestadística mínima hasta la sede de su equipo básico de atención en salud asignado.Resultados: el 3,4% de la población estudiada vivía en una unidad geoestadística mínima clasificada como con dificultad importante de acceso a los servicios de salud, pues presentaba tanto la barrera física de la distancia, como poco desplazamiento en automotores y baja condición socioeconómica. Se identificaron 65 unidades geoestadísticas mínimas (sobre 2014 incluidas en el estudio) que se encontraban a más de 20 minutos caminando de la sede de su equipo básico de atención en salud y cuya población contaba con baja capacidad de desplazamiento y baja condición socioeconómica; la mayoría de ellas en el Área de Salud de Desamparados.Conclusión: este estudio presenta una herramienta metodológica para aplicar en la identificación de zonas a cuya población le pudiera resultar difícil el acceso geográfico a los servicios de salud, tanto por su distancia a un centro médico, como por su capacidad de desplazamiento, específicamente en los cantones de Curridabat, Escazú y Desamparados.
Ice Nucleating Particles in Northern Greenland: annual cycles, biological contribution and parameterizations
Authors: Sze Kevin Cheuk Hang , Wex Heike , Hartmann Markus , Skov Henrik , Massling Andreas , Villanueva Diego , Stratmann Frank
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Ice nucleating particles (INPs) can initiate ice formation in clouds at temperatures above −38 °C through heterogeneous ice nucleation. As a result, INPs affect cloud microphysical and radiative properties, cloud life time and precipitation behavior and thereby ultimately the Earth’s climate. Yet, little is known regarding the sources, abundance and properties of INPs especially in remote regions such as the Arctic. In this study, two-year-long INP measurements (from July 2018 to September 2020) at Villum 5 Research Station (VRS) in Northern Greenland are presented. A low-volume filter sampler was deployed to collect filter samples for off-line INP analysis. An annual cycle of INP concentration (NINP) was observed and the fraction of biogenic INPs was found to be higher in snow-free months and lower in months when the surface was snow-covered. Samples were categorized into three different types based only on the slope of their INP spectra, namely into summer, winter and mix type. For each of the types a temperature dependent INP parameterization was derived, clearly different depending on the time 10 of the year. Winter and summer type occurred only during their respective seasons and were seen 60 % of the time. The mixed type occurred in the remaining 40 % of the time throughout the year. April, May and November were found to be transition months. A case study comparing April 2019 and April 2020 was performed. The month of April was selected because a significant difference in NINP was observed during these two periods, with clearly higher NINP in April 2020. NINP in the case study period revealed no clear dependency on either meteorological parameters or different surface types which were passed 15 by the collected air masses. Overall, the results suggest that the coastal regions of Greenland were main sources of INPs in April 2019 and 2020, most likely including both local terrestrial and marine sources. In parallel to the observed differences in NINP, also a higher cloud ice fraction was observed in satellite data for April 2020, compared to April 2019.
Unambiguous identification of N-containing oxygenated organic molecules using CI-Orbitrap in an eastern Chinese megacity
Authors: Lu Yiqun , Ma Yingge , Huang Dan Dan , Lou Shengrong , Jing Sheng’ao , Gao Yaqin , Wang Hongli , Zhang Yanjun , Chen Hui , Yan Naiqiang , Chen Jianmin , George Christian , Riva Matthieu , Huang Cheng
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Oxygenated organic molecules (OOMs) are dominated by the N-containing species in polluted urban environment. As N-containing OOMs, especially those with more than one nitrogen atoms, prevailed in the high m/z range (m/z > 350Th), unambiguous identification of N-containing OOMs is highly desirable for understanding of their formation processes, precursors and influencing factors. To achieve this, we applied an ultra-high-resolution chemical ionization-orbitrap (CI-Orbitrap) in a field campaign and found that OOMs contain one (1N-OOMs), two (2N-OOMs) and three (3N-OOMs) nitrogen atoms respectively comprised 50 %, 26 % and 4 % of total OOMs. More interestingly, the fraction of 2N-OOMs increased with the increase of carbon number (nC) and were dominated by the ones derived from aliphatic precursors (2N-OOMAli, 64.2 %), indicating the importance of multistep oxidation. Plausible precursors of 2N-OOMs were aliphatics (2N-OOMAli, 64.2 %), aromatics (2N-OOMAro, 16 %), and monoterpenes (2N-OOMMT, 15.4 %). The 2N-OOMAli was the most abundant 2N-OOMs and its fraction even increased in the polluted day with enhanced proportion of the ones with nC>10. While 2N-OOMAli and 2N-OOMAro were dominated by daytime photochemical production, nighttime NO3-initiated oxidation dominated the formation of 2N-OOMMT. 2N-OOMAro were of highest oxygenation level, followed by 2N-OOMMT and 2N-OOMAli, which were affected by photochemistry and NOx concentrations. These results highlight the significant formation of 2N-OOMs and the influencing factors, on their formation in polluted urban environment, where various VOC precursors and atmospheric oxidants present.
Atmospheric breakdown chemistry of the new “green” solvent 2,2,5,5-tetramethyloxolane via gas-phase reactions with OH and Cl radicals
Authors: Mapelli Caterina , Schleicher Juliette V. , Hawtin Alex , Rankine Conor D. , Whiting Fiona C. , Byrne Fergal , McElroy C. Rob , Roman Claudiu , Arsene Cecilia , Olariu Romeo I. , Bejan Iustinian G. , Dillon Terry J.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The atmospheric chemistry of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyloxolane
(TMO), a promising “green” solvent replacement for toluene, was
investigated in laboratory-based experiments and computational calculations.
Results from both absolute and relative rate studies demonstrated that the
reaction OH + TMO (Reaction R1) proceeds with a rate coefficient k1(296 K) = (3.1±0.4) ×10-12 cm3 molecule−1 s−1, a
factor of 3 smaller than predicted by recent structure–activity
relationships. Quantum chemical calculations (CBS-QB3 and G4) demonstrated that
the reaction pathway via the lowest-energy transition state was
characterised by a hydrogen-bonded pre-reaction complex, leading to
thermodynamically less favoured products. Steric hindrance from the four
methyl substituents in TMO prevents formation of such H-bonded complexes on
the pathways to thermodynamically favoured products, a likely explanation
for the anomalous slow rate of Reaction (R1). Further evidence for a complex
mechanism was provided by k1(294–502 K), characterised by a local
minimum at around T=340 K. An estimated atmospheric lifetime of τ1≈3 d was calculated for TMO, approximately 50 %
longer than toluene, indicating that any air pollution impacts from TMO
emission would be less localised. An estimated photochemical ozone creation
potential (POCPE) of 18 was calculated for TMO in north-western Europe
conditions, less than half the equivalent value for toluene. Relative rate
experiments were used to determine a rate coefficient of k2(296 K) = (1.2±0.1) ×10-10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1
for Cl + TMO (Reaction R2); together with Reaction (R1), which is slow, this may indicate an
additional contribution to TMO removal in regions impacted by high levels of
atmospheric chlorine. All results from this work indicate that TMO is a less
problematic volatile organic compound (VOC) than toluene.
Retrieval of Microphysical Parameters of Monsoonal rain Using X-band Dual-polarization Radar: Their Seasonal Dependence and Evaluation
Authors: Abhijeet Kumar , Rao T. Narayana , Rao N. Rama , Jyothi K. Amar
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Multiyear measurements from Joss-Waldvogel disdrometer (5 years) and X-band dual-polarization radar (2 years) made at Gadanki (13.5 N, 79.18 E), a low latitude station, are used to i) retrieve appropriate raindrop size distribution (DSD) relations for monsoonal rain, ii) understand their dependency on temperature, raindrop size-shape model and season and iii) assess polarimetric radar DSD retrievals by various popular techniques (Exponential-Exp, Constrained Gamma – CG, Normalized Gamma – N-Gamma and β methods). The coefficients obtained for different DSD relations for monsoonal rain are found to be different from that of existing relations elsewhere. The seasonal variation in DSD is quite large and significant and as a result the coefficients also vary considerably between the seasons. The slope of the drop size - shape relation, assumed to be constant in several studies, vary considerably between the seasons with warmer seasons showing smaller slope value than cold season. It is found that the constant (0.062) used in linear drop shape models is valid only for cold season. The derived coefficients for CG method for different seasons coupled with those available in the literature reveals that the warm seasons/regions typically have larger curvature and slope values than in cold seasons/regions. The coefficients of mass weighted mean diameter (Dm) – differential reflectivity (ZDR) exhibit strong dependency on drop shape model, while those for the derivation intercept parameter exhibit strong seasonal dependency. Using the retrieved relations and X-band polarimetric radar at Gadanki, four popular DSD methods are evaluated against disdrometer measurements collected over 12 events. All the methods estimated Dm reasonably well with small root mean square error, however failed to estimate intercept parameter accurately. Only N-gamma method estimated the normalized intercept parameter reasonably. Problems associated with specific differential phase (KDP)-based estimates close to the radar location, particularly during overhead convection, are also discussed.
Vertical distribution of sources and sinks of VOCs within a boreal forest canopy
Authors: Petersen Ross Charles , Holst Thomas , Mölder Meelis , Kljun Natascha , Rinne Janne
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The ecosystem-atmosphere flux of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) has important impacts on tropospheric oxidative capacity and the formation of secondary organic aerosols, influencing air quality and climate. Here we present within-canopy measurements of a set of dominant BVOCs in a managed spruce- and pine-dominated boreal forest located at the ICOS station Norunda in Sweden, collected using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) during 2014–2016, and vertical emission profiles derived from these data. Ozone concentrations were simultaneously measured in conjunction with these PTR-MS measurements. The main BVOCs investigated with the PTR-MS were isoprene, monoterpenes, methanol, acetaldehyde, and acetone. The distribution of BVOC sources and sinks in the forest canopy was explored using Lagrangian dispersion matrix methods, in particular continuous near-field theory. The forest canopy was found to contribute ca. 86 % to the total monoterpene emission in summertime, whereas the below-canopy and canopy emission was comparable (ca. 42 % and 58 % respectively) during the autumn period. This result indicates that boreal forest litter and other below-canopy emitters are a principle source for total forest monoterpene emissions during autumn months. During night, our results for methanol, acetone, and acetaldehyde seasonally present strong sinks in the forest canopy, especially in the autumn, likely due to the nighttime formation of dew on vegetation surfaces.
Impact of increased resolution on the representation of the Canary upwelling system in climate models
Authors: Sylla Adama , Sanchez Gomez Emilia , Mignot Juliette , López-Parages Jorge
Published: November 2022

Abstract. We investigate the representation of the Canary upwelling system (CUS) in six global coupled climate models operated at high and standard resolution as part of the High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP). The models' performance in reproducing the observed CUS is assessed in terms of various upwelling indices based on sea surface temperature (SST), wind stress, and sea surface height, focusing on the effect of increasing model spatial resolution. Our analysis shows that possible improvement in upwelling representation due to the increased spatial resolution depends on the subdomain of the CUS considered. Strikingly, along the Iberian Peninsula region, which is the northernmost part of the CUS, the models show lower skill at higher resolution compared to their corresponding lower-resolution version in both components for all the indices analyzed in this study. In contrast, over the southernmost part of the CUS, from the north of Morocco to the Senegalese coast, the high-ocean- and high-atmosphere-resolution models simulate a more realistic upwelling than the standard-resolution models, which largely differ from the range of observational estimates. These results suggest that increasing resolution is not a sufficient condition to obtain a systematic improvement in the simulation of the upwelling phenomena as represented by the indices considered here, and other model improvements notably in terms of the physical parameterizations may also play a role.
Revisiting perspectives in public health for people’s health and wellbeing
Authors: Qadeer Imrana
Published: November 2022

The paper traces the evolution of modern healthcare services on the ground and the changing concept of public health in India to see how these differ from the countries of their origin and why? It traces the transition of public health in India over three distinct periods - the colonial period, its initial welfare oriented social democracy and its drift into the contemporary neo-liberal phase. It explores the links between the shifting political ideologies and health policy and its links with international players, highlighting the structural changes brought in by the Reforms. The Health Sector Reforms have deformed the public sector healthcare system that is now fragmented and stagnating. They have allowed the private/corporate sector to take over medical care, rather than be a partner in strengthening the public sector healthcare system. The conceptual digressions within public health that rationalise the Health Sector Reforms are critiqued and the paper proposes the kind of intellectual enquiry that is required to resurrect public health and make wellbeing of the majority possible.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF SUPPLY CHAINS IN THE MODERN CONDITIONS OF A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT
Authors: HULIAHINA O.
Published: November 2022

The article examines the concepts of "digitization", "digitalization", "digital transformation" from the standpoint of various authors. Similarities and differences between them are revealed. It is noted that digital transformation already involves a fundamental rethinking of how business processes are organized and how they interact with the environment. The digital technologies that make up the basic tools for digital transformation are highlighted. The issue of ensuring the optimal level of digitalization in chains is considered. The article also highlights the challenges faced by the digitalization of supply chains at the present stage.
DIAGNOSTICS AND DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: LAVRINENKO A.
Published: November 2022

Knowledge-intensive organizations with advanced technologies and high scientific and technical potential are called upon to play a special strategic role in ensuring a new quality and pace of development of the country's economy. The basis for the development of innovative susceptibility in the science-intensive field is the existing scientific and technical complex, which is a set of organizations that carry out scientific, technical and educational activities, and a technological complex, represented by existing production organizations. The innovative potential of organizations is a decisive factor determining the direction and intensity of development of the innovative component of scientific and technical entrepreneurship. In this regard, the question arises of choosing the most effective tool for diagnosing the level of an organization's innovative potential at a given moment and assessing its dynamics for the purpose of further development, which makes it possible to quickly determine internal capabilities, identify development reserves of the organization in order to increase its investment attractiveness and market value.
THE LEGAL ISSUES OF TRANSPARENCY IN THE PEACEFUL USES OF ATOMIC ENERGY
Authors: BESETSKAYA N. , SHARIKOVA V.
Published: November 2022

The article analyzes the content of the concept of «information cooperation in the field of peaceful uses of atomic energy», defines the semantic meaning of its constituent features, establishes the role of each of them in the development of legal regimes of various types of information cooperation in the field of peaceful uses of atomic energy. The authors present the results of the study of the current system of legal regulation of international information cooperation in the field of atomic energy use and substantiate the need for further improvement of this type of activity by eliminating the existing drawbacks of its legal support. The article contains a systematic description of international acts aimed at regulating the issues of information cooperation in the field of atomic energy use. Types, levels and forms of information cooperation in this field are consistently disclosed.
Replacing phraseology and plain language with technical vocabulary to inform language training in aviation
Authors: Drayton Jennifer
Published: November 2022

The International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) divides radiotelephony communication and the instructors who teach it, into two elements: standard phraseology taught by content instructors and plain language taught by language instructors. This divide means that it is unclear what language instructors should teach as plain language that would be beneficial in the workplace. This paper uses the Tower Aviation Radiotelephony Technical Vocabulary List (TARTVL) developed by Drayton and Coxhead (2022) to examine radiotelephony transmissions. The analysis shows that standard phraseology and plain language are situational constructs. The TARTVL provides a technical vocabulary lens for lexical analysis of radiotelephony transmissions. A matrix of language used in radiotelephony communication is presented and identifies standard, non-standard and relational language. The matrix and TARTVL are useful for language training to reduce variation in language use, especially in multilingual workplaces. Such training draws on the skills and knowledge of content and language instructors to provide training that helps reduce miscommunication in the workplace and ultimately, contributes to safety in aviation.
Corpus systematization: a discussion on validation of aeronautical meteorology terminology at institutional settings
Authors: Peixoto Rafaela Rigaud
Published: November 2022

Standardizing terminology is very important to maintain the accuracy of information being disseminated, mainly in specialized fields and at institutional settings. In the case of Aeronautical Meteorology, it is a very specific domain in the Aviation broader area, and it could comprise distinct classifications of the same term (PEIXOTO, 2020). In addition to that, there is scarce literature on Aeronautical Meteorology in Portuguese language. In light of this, the use of corpora may pose very positive influence to best relate normative and descriptive use of language. Taking this into account, this work is based on terminology (PAVEL; NOLET, 2001; CABRÉ, 1999, 2003) and corpora (SANTOS, 2008, 2014; TOGNINI-BONELLI, 2001; TAGNIN, 2013, 2015) 1 This paper is a shortened and revised version of Peixoto (2021). theoretical foundations, and it aims at discussing definitions and translation to Portuguese of expressions and terms contained in Table 4678, concerning the main meteorology codes, as prescribed by the World Meteorological Organization (2011). As a result, a systematization for terminological procedures is proposed, by using corpora with set validation standards. In this way, this paper intends to be a contribution to avoid misunderstandings regarding the criticality level of meteorological situations being communicated during air traffic operations.
A corpus-driven approach to Aviation English in pilot flight training ........87
Authors: Schneider Andrew
Published: November 2022

Radio-telephonic communication between professional pilots and air traffic controllers has been the topic of numerous corpus research projects in the field of Aviation English (AE) in recent years (see BARSHI; FARRIS, 2013; BOROWSKA, 2017; FRIGINAL et al., 2020). Notably, Bieswanger (2016), following Biber and Conrad’s (2009) framework for register analysis, identified two distinct, specialized, and highly restricted registers of AE in use by professional aviation personnel: Standard Phraseology and “plain” AE. Similar corpusdriven register analyses of discourse between student pilots and their flight instructors in training program contexts is scarce. The Corpus of Flight Training (CFT) monitor corpus developed in this study currently covers 53 hours of transcribed audio and video recordings of one-on-one, instructional communication in AE between flight instructors and student pilots. Authentic linguistic data was collected in three key contexts of flight training operations: oral instructional activities, Flight Training Devices (FTDs), and in-air flight. This paper discusses the results of a quantitative, exploratory multidimensional analysis (MDA) (BIBER, 1988; FRIGINAL, 2013) comparing preliminary CFT data between the aforementioned three flight activities to other spoken and written registers of English. Preliminary findings suggest a strong overlap of flight training activities with the English registers related to involved persuasion and information interaction. Linguistic features between the CFT and the Brown and LOB corpora as well as language use based on activity type will be discussed. These initial results can help further refine target language usage for Aviation English assessments and inform curricula for ab initio pilots.
The assessment of English in aeronautical radiotelephony communications: a mixed methods study
Authors: Monteiro Ana Lúcia Tavares
Published: November 2022

The high-stakes context of international radiotelephony (RT) communication, in which pilots and air traffic controllers (ATCOs) use aviation English (AE) as a lingua franca, requires a robust testing policy that is clear and fair to all stakeholders. The ICAO Language Proficiency Requirements have been criticized for their lack of fit with pilots’ and ATCOs’ real-life communicative needs, for both native and non-native speakers of English (Douglas, 2014; Kim, 2012). This paper reports on a multiphase mixed methods study that investigated the proficiency construct (awareness, knowledge, skills, and attitudes) in pilot-ATCO intercultural RT, following Fulcher and Davidson’s (2007) test development framework. Drawing on theoretical and empirical studies in the domains of Aviation English, English as a Lingua Franca, Intercultural awareness, and Interactional competence, the communicative demands of pilots and ATCOs involved in intercultural RT communications and how they can be specified within a construct framework and operationalized as test tasks were explored. Integration of findings underscored the value of a broader view of professional communicative competence for intercultural RT communication and the importance of giving voice to aviation stakeholders in all phases of the test development process.
The ICAO scale and language testing for ab initio cadets: is there a fit?
Authors: Treadway Maria
Published: November 2022

Currently, there is no research-based language requirement for entry on to ab initio flight training programmes conducted in English. Rather, organisations adopt their own admissions criteria, resulting in a wide variety of assessment practices and standards. In response, this study developed a language assessment aligned with the ICAO rating scale but contextualised to the specific linguistic needs of NNES ab initio pilots entering English-medium flight training. The test has a diagnostic function, classifying candidates into three levels of ‘readiness’: Ready, Minimally ready and Not ready. These levels are inferentially linked to indicative ICAO levels. This chapter addresses the implications of using the ICAO scale. Specifically, the methods used to investigate the reliability of using the scale within a training context and for a diagnostic testing purpose are examined as well as the procedures undertaken to articulate and define threshold levels of performance within the TLU domain, using subject matter experts (SMEs). These levels are linked to the ICAO scale. Findings suggest that the ICAO scale is not finely grained enough to distinguish levels of linguistic readiness among ab initio pilots, nor does it adequately reflect the knowledge, skills and abilities valued by SMEs within this domain, suggesting that a domain specific scale may be needed.
Environmental conservation index of urban streams of Cavouco and Parnamirim streams, Brazil
Authors: Cometti José Luís Said , Cabral Jaime Joaquim da Silva Pereira , De Lima Helano Povoas
Published: November 2022

Historically, urban watercourses have been rectified and channeled, directly impacting their hydrological dynamics and the water cycle. Currently, the recovery of environmental and social services of urban rivers and streams has been a worldwide trend in an attempt to make cities more sustainable. This study applied the Environmental Conservation Index of Urban Streams (ECIUS), developed by Cometti et al. (2022), to two streams in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The ECIUS is made up of nine indicators, based on the pressure-state-response model and calculated using a system based on fuzzy rules. The Cavouco stream presented the “regular” ECIUS in stretch 1 and “bad” in stretches 2, 3, 4, and 5. As for the Parnamirim stream, sections 1 and 2 presented ECIUS as “bad” and section 3 as “terrible.” ECIUS proved to be an easy-to-apply tool for modeling and translating complex environmental and social variables into easy-tounderstand linguistic variables. The tool can be used for diagnosis and to serve as a decision support for urban stream revitalization and monitoring interventions.
Effects of Therapeutic Advice and Patient Education on Anxiety and Satisfaction in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery; A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Anwaar Muhammad Ahmed , Sajjad Mahnoor , Mustafa Maria , Mahmood Basit , Hussain Muhammad Imran , Raza Ali
Published: November 2022

Background: Anxiety and fear are the most prevalent and most reported negative aspects associated with cataract surgery. However, it is difficult to determine the frequency of patients experiencing it. The data vary depending on the phase of procedure, study group and ophthalmic centre. Proper patient education as well as therapeutic advice may assist in reducing these adverse effects and improving clinical satisfaction and outcomes. Objective: To determine the effects of therapeutic advice and patients’ education on anxiety and satisfaction in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial. The study was carried out during the months of January and June of 2021 at Link Medical Centre Lahore. Participants were chosen from list of patients who expressed interest in having cataract surgery. Patients over the age of 17 who were able to understand and communicate, who had not previously had cataract surgery, and who did not suffer from hearing loss were considered suitable. The outcomes used were Calmness scale (1-7), Cooperativeness (1-7), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) - Trait Anxiety, low vision quality-of-life questionnaire (LVQoL), Wellbeing (1-9) Results: The results showed that there were 15(65.21%) females in experimental and 16(69.56%) in control group. The mean age and standard deviation were found to be 69.98 (9.7) and 73.14 (14.46) in experimental and control group. The assessment conducted after intervention showed mean and standard deviation respectively in experimental and control group to be as Calmness (1-7), 6.8 (3.7) and 4.8 (2.3), Cooperativeness (1-7), 6.9 (1.2) and 5.3 (3.4), STAI - Trait Anxiety 24.8 (3.69) and 33.9 (2.36), LVQoL, 113.6 (6.8) and 88.6 (4.3), Wellbeing (1-9), 8.4 (2.12) and 7.3 (1.87), while there was significant difference in favour of experimental group (p value < 0.05) in all variables after surgical procedure. Conclusion: The study shows that there were significant effects of therapeutic advice and patient education in favour of intervention group on patients’ anxiety and satisfaction in patients undergoing cataract surgery. More research needs to be done on how well each part works on its own, and more intervention presentations are needed to figure out how well combination therapy works for lowering anxiety. Keywords: Cataract Surgery, Patient Education, Satisfaction, Anxiety, Therapeutic Advice, Nutritional Status
EXAMINING THE ECOSYSTEM SERVICE VALUES DUE TO LULC CHANGES: A CASE STUDY ON COX'S BAZAR, BANGLADESH
Authors: Maruf Jubaier Khalid , Ara Sharmin
Published: November 2022

Ecosystem services can reveal information on how an ecosystem works with all of its components. However, natural ecosystems are under enormous strain globally as a result of rising demand. This study attempts to analyze Ecosystem Service Valuation (ESV) for the Cox's Bazar district, one of the most important tourist destinations that has had considerable Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes over the last few decades. Due to considerable tourist demand, this ecologically critical natural resource base, particularly forests, wetlands, and sea beaches, suffers and changes on a regular basis, affecting the ecological balance. LULC-induced changes in ecosystem components and the function's value would eventually alter ecosystem service values. Urbanization is expected to accelerate, particularly in emerging countries, having an impact on both the regional and local levels.Assessing the effects of different land-use scenarios on subsequent changes in ecosystem service has significant implications for sustainable development. This study included six different LULC classes and their effects on ESVs. LANDSAT satellite-derived imagery from year 2000 to year 2021 were utilized and computed at ten-year intervals. The results reveal which LULC classes are more likely to change and how ESV changes throughout this time span. This research would help with sustainable land management and tourism strategy by minimizing encroachment on forests, coastal areas, and wetlands.
ASSESSING URBAN POOR RESILIENCE TO NATURAL DISASTERS USING ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS-BASED MODEL: A CASE STUDY ON KHULNA CITY
Authors: Jobaer Md. Abu , Haque Salman F. , Hossain Md. Zakir , Shozib Md. Samiul Islam
Published: November 2022

This article intends to measure the urban poor’s resilience to natural disasters using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) based model. It also explores factors affecting differentiated levels of household resilience. It is found that urban poor communities in Khulna city frequently experience urban flooding and waterlogging, caused by heavy rainfall, as a primary hazard and therefore this article emphasizes on differentiated nature of urban poor’s resilience to natural hazards and the factors that shape differentiated nature of resilience. Quantitative research approach has been adopted and AHP-based indexing has been used to measure the level of resilience of the urban poor and contributing factors to their resilience level. The household questionnaire survey has been used as the data collection method and the total sample size of this research is 384 and all the primary data is collected from the six slums in Khulna city which have been selected using different vulnerability criteria like geographical location, size of the slums, and mean sea-level height of the slum. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) model is used to determine the weight of indicators and dimensions which have been used to calculate resilience. Additionally, the principal component analysis (PCA) is also used to identify the determinant factors. The results revealed that 40.88% and 48.96% of people are low and moderately resilient respectively. The percentage of high resilient people in the low-income settlements in Khulna city is very low as only 10.16% of the households are found as highly resilient in the urban poor settlements. It identifies several factors that have the highest effect on differential level resilience, including access to formal safety nets and social assistance, income and livelihood strategy, illness, debt etc. Highlighting the factors that influence differentiated levels of resilience local government or policymakers can take different policy recommendations to improve the resilience of the urban poor that including strengthening the social security system for the urban poor, creating livelihood opportunities, public health services, etc.
A brief qualitative study of indigenous traditional medicine providers in Timor-Leste
Authors: Guidos Brittany , Calvario Joni , Hendrika van Zuilen Maria
Published: November 2022

Providers of Traditional Timorese Medicine are an essential resource in rural communities, contributing greatly to the overall health of individuals in Timor-Leste. Their identity and role in healthcare has not been widely investigated and functions outside of the National Health System. The objective of this qualitative study is to describe the role of providers of Timorese Traditional Medicine in Timor-Leste and their practice of medicine. To perform this research, semi-structured interviews were performed with providers of Traditional Timorese Medicine in the rural district of Viqueque. Interviews took place at providers’ homes in Tetun and, after translation into English, interview content was analyzed and emergent common themes identified. The seven providers of Timorese Traditional Medicine interviewed mostly identified themselves as either a Liman Badain, Matan-Dook, or reported no title. Another identified himself by his political position as village chief, Xefe-Suku. Emergent themes from interview content included 1) Medical pluralism, reflecting that Timorese frequently use more than one medical system; 2) Spiritual sickness, reflecting illness and treatments commonly involving ancestral spirits or supernatural forces; and 3) Familial knowledge, reflecting healing practices and knowledge often kept within a family and passed down across generations. Generally, providers reported that the most common symptoms they treated in their practice were illnesses/misfortunes related to a woman’s gynecologic health and were obstetric in nature, especially concerns regarding reproductive health. This qualitative study provides information about the key role of select individual providers of Timorese Traditional Medicine and adds to the limited existing knowledge. Further qualitative and quantitative research must be done to further characterize the identities and role of different providers of Traditional Timorese Medicine.
The Conceptualization of Environmental Administration Law in Environmental Pollution Control
Authors: Najicha Fatma Ulfatun , Karjoko Lego , Handayani I Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi Rachmi , Chandrakirana Rosita , Tenrilawa Dian Furqani
Published: November 2022

Environment is an essential element of life. The domain offers a variety of advantages and functions for humans to carry out activities and reside there. This is normative legal research using secondary sources. According to the study's findings, environmental law enforcement can be conducted both punitively and preventatively, depending on its effectiveness and nature. The lack of coordination between sectors (government officials), the absence of a monitoring plan, and the lack of environmental supervisors are obstacles to ecological monitoring.
Sonic Space-Making on the Margins of Power: Electronic Music, Agency, and Alternative Belonging in the Republic of Macedonia (2011–2014)
Authors: Wilson Dave
Published: November 2022

This article examines the space-making practices of an electronic music scene in Skopje, Macedonia, between 2011 and 2014. It argues that such practices can make spaces for “alternative belonging,” enabling individuals and groups to diverge from the powerful without open resistance. The article builds on ethnomusicological literature on how space is mediated by music and sound in ways that are generative and transformative, suggesting that understanding agency as distributed across numerous positionalities assists in thinking beyond dichotomous dominance-resistance frameworks.
Music and Incitement to Violence: Anti-Muslim Hate Music in Burma/Myanmar
Authors: MacLachlan Heather
Published: November 2022

This article examines a corpus of Burmese-language anti-Muslim hate songs archived on YouTube. Burma/Myanmar is the site of recent genocidal violence perpetrated against Muslims, and these songs are part of the hate speech campaign that undergirds this violence. Using the definition of incitement articulated by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, the article shows that the lyrics of these songs constitute incitement to violence. Further, the comments written by YouTube listeners provide evidence that the songs provoke additional dehumanizing speech. The songs and their creators are therefore complicit in the recent violent persecution of Muslims in Myanmar.
National Identity and the Shaping of Finnish Food Taste
Authors: Kylli Ritva
Published: November 2022

This article examines the development of Finnish food taste during the nineteenth century when the process of canning, railroads, and steamships started breaking down the role of the environment as the principal factor in determining food habits. Food was one of the symbols that the Finnish national identity was built on before independence in 1917. The research is mostly based on the National Library's Digital Collections, which contain newspapers and magazines published in Finland before the 1920s. “National dishes” were mentioned in Finnish newspapers from the beginning of the 1880s. Highlighting the traditional Finnish foods attracted support, and newspapers tried, for example, to give talkkuna an authentic national significance. Finnish authorities were building a nation-state in the spirit of nationalism, yet the national food identity relied heavily on imported goods. Certain elements of Finnish food preferences date back to manufactured foods that came from other parts of Europe. Influences adopted from Switzerland were reflected in the popularity of Emmental cheese. By the beginning of the twentieth century, certain imported foods had become a part of the national food identity: coffee was considered the national beverage and rice and herring as supremely Finnish foods even though none of these goods were produced in Finland. Foods based on imported raw materials was marketed by emphasizing their “domestic origin” and Finnish brand in the early 1900s. Emmental was, for example, sometimes advertised as “Finnish ‘Swiss’ cheese.”
What's Driving Migrant Russian Physicians to Stay Permanently in Finland? A Life-Course Approach
Authors: Habti Driss
Published: November 2022

This article addresses driving forces that influence Russian migrant physicians in Finland to stay permanently or return to Russia in post-migration. Despite many studies on Russian migration to Finland, little is known on the topic of highly skilled migration and especially the migration process of healthcare doctors. I argue that a blend of factors incites Russian physicians to stay, and these factors affect both present and future migration prospects. Using a qualitative life-course perspective and grounded on interactive migration theories, this study provides new empirical evidence of why Russian physicians decide to stay permanently in Finland. This study adds new knowledge on an under-researched immigrant group and in a less theorized research area in Finnish scholarship. Different social markers form contingent relationships with multiple objectives and implications in the personal and professional life-course of these migrant professionals, and the strategies they employ are analyzed within the context of a Nordic welfare country that is increasingly adapting policies to attract foreign-born health professionals. The study uses semi-structured interviews to provide empirical findings and evidence. The results inform us about important interactive multi-level factors that meet these migrants' negotiated aspirations and expectations to stay in Finland.
The Damn Machine: The Role of the Typewriter in the Genesis of Aaro Hellaakoski's Poetry
Authors: Pulkkinen Veijo
Published: November 2022

The present article examines the role of the typewriter in the writing process of Finnish modernist poet Aaro Hellaakoski (1893–1952). In his early period, Hellaakoski wrote solely by hand and used the proof stage for final revisions. On one occasion, this practice led to the publication of an unfinished work when the publisher forbade him from making any substantial changes to the text. Later, Hellaakoski acquired a typewriter in order to get the manuscripts of his works as finished as possible before sending them to the printer. Marshall McLuhan (1964) and Friedrich Kittler (1990, 1999), for instance, have argued that the typewriter imposed a radical change on the concept of the author and the writing process, and that it had a significant role in the development of modernist literature. However, by investigating Hellaakoski's manuscripts, typescripts, and proofs, the article shows that instead of shaking the fundamental concepts of literature, the typewriter could also be used as a means to control the writing process.
Entrepreneurship Competence Using Educational Hackathons in Finland
Authors: Jussila Jari , Suominen Anu Helena , Rainio Timo
Published: November 2022

This article addresses the educational hackathon as an innovation pedagogy method for developing entrepreneurship competence. Specifically, it focuses on the design and execution of the hackathon. This study is based on the ideas that entrepreneurship competence can be learned and taught, and educational hackathons are a specific type of innovation contest, which as a practical method can be used to induce practical entrepreneurial experiences. The paper reports a case study in the teaching of a higher education institution. We present both the hackathon process description along with students' outcome according to Entrepreneurship Competence Framework, EntreComp, and feedback, that is, suggestions for developing the method. By presenting conclusions for both academic use and the practical design of hackathons in entrepreneurship education, the paper clarifies the literature of innovation pedagogy as an intertwined part of entrepreneurship education, as well as hackathons as a type of innovation pedagogy method for developing entrepreneurship competence in university-industry collaboration in Finland.
Review of epileptic EEG feature extraction methods
Authors: Yu Yongqiang
Published: November 2022

Epilepsy is a typical non-contagious chronic disease of the brain. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is an important tool for clinical epilepsy diagnosis, so the use of machine learning and deep learning models to diagnose and treat epilepsy has become a popular method, of which epilepsy EEG feature extraction is the basis for establishing a model. In this paper, several methods of epilepsy EEG feature extraction are summarized from four aspects: time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis, time frequency analysis and nonlinear dynamics, and each method is systematically summarized.