bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lanthanum nitrate as aqueous electrolyte additive for favourable zinc metal electrodeposition
Authors: Zhao Ruirui , Wang Haifeng , Du Haoran , Yang Ying , Gao Zhonghui , Qie Long , Huang Yunhui
Published: June 2022

Aqueous zinc batteries are appealing devices for cost-effective and environmentally sustainable energy storage. However, the zinc metal deposition at the anode strongly influences the battery cycle life and performance. To circumvent this issue, here we propose the use of lanthanum nitrate (La(NO3)3) as supporting salt for aqueous zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) electrolyte solutions. Via physicochemical and electrochemical characterizations, we demonstrate that this peculiar electrolyte formulation weakens the electric double layer repulsive force, thus, favouring dense metallic zinc deposits and regulating the charge distribution at the zinc metal|electrolyte interface. When tested in Zn||VS2full coin cell configuration (with cathode mass loading of 16 mg cm−2), the electrolyte solution containing the lanthanum ions enables almost 1000 cycles at 1 A g−1(after 5 activation cycles at 0.05 A g−1) with a stable discharge capacity of about 90 mAh g−1and an average cell discharge voltage of ∼0.54 V.
Catalytic activity imperative for nanoparticle dose enhancement in photon and proton therapy
Authors: Gerken Lukas R. H. , Gogos Alexander , Starsich Fabian H. L. , David Helena , Gerdes Maren E. , Schiefer Hans , Psoroulas Serena , Meer David , Plasswilm Ludwig , Weber Damien C. , Herrmann Inge K.
Published: June 2022

Nanoparticle-based radioenhancement is a promising strategy for extending the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy. While (pre)clinical results are encouraging, sound mechanistic understanding of nanoparticle radioenhancement, especially the effects of nanomaterial selection and irradiation conditions, has yet to be achieved. Here, we investigate the radioenhancement mechanisms of selected metal oxide nanomaterials (including SiO2, TiO2, WO3and HfO2), TiN and Au nanoparticles for radiotherapy utilizing photons (150 kVp and 6 MV) and 100 MeV protons. While Au nanoparticles show outstanding radioenhancement properties in kV irradiation settings, where the photoelectric effect is dominant, these properties are attenuated to baseline levels for clinically more relevant irradiation with MV photons and protons. In contrast, HfO2nanoparticles retain some of their radioenhancement properties in MV photon and proton therapies. Interestingly, TiO2nanoparticles, which have a comparatively low effective atomic number, show significant radioenhancement efficacies in all three irradiation settings, which can be attributed to the strong radiocatalytic activity of TiO2, leading to the formation of hydroxyl radicals, and nuclear interactions with protons. Taken together, our data enable the extraction of general design criteria for nanoparticle radioenhancers for different treatment modalities, paving the way to performance-optimized nanotherapeutics for precision radiotherapy.
The metabolic enzyme hexokinase 2 localizes to the nucleus in AML and normal haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to maintain stemness
Authors: Thomas Geethu Emily , Egan Grace , García-Prat Laura , Botham Aaron , Voisin Veronique , Patel Parasvi S. , Hoff Fieke W. , Chin Jordan , Nachmias Boaz , Kaufmann Kerstin B. , Khan Dilshad H. , Hurren Rose , Wang Xiaoming , Gronda Marcela , MacLean Neil , O’Brien Cristiana , Singh Rashim P. , Jones Courtney L. , Harding Shane M. , Raught Brian , Arruda Andrea , Minden Mark D. , Bader Gary D. , Hakem Razq , Kornblau Steve , Dick John E. , Schimmer Aaron D.
Published: June 2022

Mitochondrial metabolites regulate leukaemic and normal stem cells by affecting epigenetic marks. How mitochondrial enzymes localize to the nucleus to control stem cell function is less understood. We discovered that the mitochondrial metabolic enzyme hexokinase 2 (HK2) localizes to the nucleus in leukaemic and normal haematopoietic stem cells. Overexpression of nuclear HK2 increases leukaemic stem cell properties and decreases differentiation, whereas selective nuclear HK2 knockdown promotes differentiation and decreases stem cell function. Nuclear HK2 localization is phosphorylation-dependent, requires active import and export, and regulates differentiation independently of its enzymatic activity. HK2 interacts with nuclear proteins regulating chromatin openness, increasing chromatin accessibilities at leukaemic stem cell-positive signature and DNA-repair sites. Nuclear HK2 overexpression decreases double-strand breaks and confers chemoresistance, which may contribute to the mechanism by which leukaemic stem cells resist DNA-damaging agents. Thus, we describe a non-canonical mechanism by which mitochondrial enzymes influence stem cell function independently of their metabolic function.
Variant to function mapping at single-cell resolution through network propagation
Authors: Yu Fulong , Cato Liam D. , Weng Chen , Liggett L. Alexander , Jeon Soyoung , Xu Keren , Chiang Charleston W. K. , Wiemels Joseph L. , Weissman Jonathan S. , de Smith Adam J. , Sankaran Vijay G.
Published: June 2022

Genome-wide association studies in combination with single-cell genomic atlases can provide insights into the mechanisms of disease-causal genetic variation. However, identification of disease-relevant or trait-relevant cell types, states and trajectories is often hampered by sparsity and noise, particularly in the analysis of single-cell epigenomic data. To overcome these challenges, we present SCAVENGE, a computational algorithm that uses network propagation to map causal variants to their relevant cellular context at single-cell resolution. We demonstrate how SCAVENGE can help identify key biological mechanisms underlying human genetic variation, applying the method to blood traits at distinct stages of human hematopoiesis, to monocyte subsets that increase the risk for severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to intermediate lymphocyte developmental states that predispose to acute leukemia. Our approach not only provides a framework for enabling variant-to-function insights at single-cell resolution but also suggests a more general strategy for maximizing the inferences that can be made using single-cell genomic data.
Neural activities in music frogs reveal call variations and phylogenetic relationships within the genus Nidirana
Authors: Fang Ke , Tang Yezhong , Zhang Baowei , Fang Guangzhan
Published: June 2022

The characteristics of acoustic signals co-evolve with preferences of the auditory sensory system. However, how the brain perceives call variations and whether it can reveal phylogenetic relationships among signalers remains poorly understood. Here, we recorded the neural signals from the Emei music frogs (Nidirana daunchina) in response to broadcasted calls of five different species of the same genus. We found that responses in terms of the different amplitudes of various event-related potential (ERP) components were correlated with diversification trends in acoustic signals, as well as phylogenetic relationships betweenN. daunchinaand heterospecific callers. Specifically, P2 decreased gradually along the ordinal decline of similarities in acoustic characteristics of calls compared with those from conspecifics. Moreover, P3a amplitudes showed increasing trends in correspondence with callers’ genetic distances from the subject species. These observations collectively support the view that neural activities in music frogs can reflect call variations and phylogenetic relationships within the genusNidirana.
A single-cell map of dynamic chromatin landscapes of immune cells in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Kourtis Nikos , Wang Qingqing , Wang Bei , Oswald Erin , Adler Christina , Cherravuru Samvitha , Malahias Evangelia , Zhang Lance , Golubov Jacquelynn , Wei Qiaozhi , Lemus Samantha , Ni Min , Ding Yueming , Wei Yi , Atwal Gurinder S. , Thurston Gavin , Macdonald Lynn E. , Murphy Andrew J. , Dhanik Ankur , Sleeman Matthew A. , Tykodi Scott S. , Skokos Dimitris
Published: June 2022

A complete chart of the chromatin regulatory elements of immune cells in patients with cancer and their dynamic behavior is necessary to understand the developmental fates and guide therapeutic strategies. Here, we map the single-cell chromatin landscape of immune cells from blood, normal tumor-adjacent kidney tissue and malignant tissue from patients with early-stage clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). We catalog the T cell states dictated by tissue-specific and developmental-stage-specific chromatin accessibility patterns, infer key chromatin regulators and observe rewiring of regulatory networks in the progression to dysfunction in CD8+ T cells. Unexpectedly, among the transcription factors orchestrating the path to dysfunction, NF-κB is associated with a pro-apoptotic program in late stages of dysfunction in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. Importantly, this epigenomic profiling stratified ccRCC patients based on a NF-κB-driven pro-apoptotic signature. This study provides a rich resource for understanding the functional states and regulatory dynamics of immune cells in ccRCC.
Combination of a dispersive solid phase extraction method based on octadecylamine modified magnetic nanoparticles with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the extraction and preconcentration of pesticides
Authors: Farajzadeh Mir Ali , Fazli Nasim , Pezhhanfar Sakha , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2022

A combination of MDSPE based on octadecylamine@Fe3O4 and DLLME methods was proposed for the extraction and preconcentration of some pesticides from various juices.
An AIPH-decorated semiconducting nanoagonist for NIR-II light-triggered photothermic/thermodynamic combinational therapy
Authors: Yang Guangzhao , Zhang Xi , Zhou Shan , Zhou Wen , Yin Chao , Xie Chen , Fan Quli , Huang Wei
Published: June 2022

A multifunctional semiconducting nanoagonist with high photothermic conversion efficiency and radical generation ability was developed, which showed an excellent anticancer effect through NIR-II light-triggered combinational therapy.
CO2 capture by 1,2,3-triazole-based deep eutectic solvents: the unexpected role of hydrogen bonds
Authors: Wang Zonghua , Wu Congyi , Wang Ze , Zhang Shaoze , Yang Dezhong
Published: June 2022

Hydrogen bonding is found to be a switch for the reaction between CO2 and the 1,2,3-triazole-based deep eutectic solvents.
Zn(ii) complexes with thiazolyl–hydrazones: structure, intermolecular interactions, photophysical properties, computational study and anticancer activity
Authors: Araškov Jovana B. , Višnjevac Aleksandar , Popović Jasminka , Blagojević Vladimir , Fernandes Henrique S. , Sousa Sérgio F. , Novaković Irena , Padrón José M. , Holló Berta Barta , Monge Miguel , Rodríguez-Castillo María , López-de-Luzuriaga José M. , Filipović Nenad R. , Todorović Tamara R.
Published: June 2022

Title ligands and their symmetrical octahedral complexes are not photoluminescent, contrary to other synthesized asymmetrical complexes. In comparison to the ligands, the complexes showed improved antiproliferative activity and lower toxicity.
On the way to modelling dopant valence in ionic crystal growth: the Ti:Al2O3 case
Authors: Xuan Lingling , Duffar Thierry
Published: June 2022

and kann obtained from numerical simulations of Ti:sapphire annealing experiments (left) and their applications during crystal growth (right).
Organic bromide-assisted one-pot synthesis of Bi2S3 nanorods using DMSO as a sulfur supply
Authors: Lee Sukjun , Kim Min Seop , Lee Hyesung , Lee Sang-Yup
Published: June 2022

Exploiting dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as both a solvent and a sulfur source, Bi2S3 nanorods are synthesized via a simple solvothermal method in the presence of an organic bromide.
Plasmon-catalysed decarboxylation of dicarboxybipyridine ligands in Ru(ii) complexes chemisorbed on Ag nanoparticles: conditions, proposed mechanism and role of Ag(0) adsorption sites
Authors: Žůrková-Kokošková Markéta , Šloufová Ivana , Gajdošová Veronika , Vlčková Blanka
Published: June 2022

Plasmon-catalyzed decarboxylation of Ru(ii)-dicarboxybipyridine complexes chemisorbed on Ag nanoparticles in hydrosol systems has been revealed and found to proceed by charge carrier mechanism in the presence of neutral Ag(0) adsorption sites.
Three-centre two-electron bonds from the quantum interference perspective
Authors: de Sousa David Wilian Oliveira , Nascimento Marco Antonio Chaer
Published: June 2022

The stability of chemical systems with 3c2e bonds derives from quantum interference, while other factors are always overall destabilizing. The interference energy of a 3c2e bond is about 3 times higher than that of a comparable 2c2e bond.
Controllable growth of substrate-scale 2D ReSe2 thin films and their application for molecular detection via the SERS technique
Authors: Deng Lingfeng , Zhang Xiaoying , Liu Jun , Wei Aixiang , He Yu ding , Liu Zhen , Luo Ningqi
Published: June 2022

Centimeter-scale 2D ReSe2 films with the layer numbers varying from monolayer to 12 layers were successfully grown on a mica substrate and they show the layer-number-dependent nature of the SERS effect and a robust suppression effect of fluorescence.
Improved photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles through nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped carbon quantum dots: an experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Yashwanth H. J. , Rondiya Sachin R. , Dzade Nelson Y. , Hoye Robert L. Z. , Choudhary Ram J. , Phase Deodatta M. , Dhole Sanjay D. , Hareesh K.
Published: June 2022

In this work, we are developing a photocatalyst wherein, nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped carbon quantum dots are scaffolded onto TiO2 nanoparticles (NPCQD/TiO2), denoted as NPCT.
Studying the effects of carbon nanotube contents on stretch-induced crystallization behavior of polyethylene/carbon nanotube nanocomposites using molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Yang Jun , Liu Zongfa , Zhou Zhiping , Ming Yongqiang , Li Sumin , Hao Tongfan , Nie Yijing
Published: June 2022

This is the first time that molecular simulations are used to study the microscopic mechanisms of the effects of carbon nanotube contents on stretch-induced polymer crystallization behavior.
Non-Covalent Interactions Atlas benchmark data sets 5: London dispersion in an extended chemical space
Authors: Řezáč Jan
Published: June 2022

The Non-Covalent Interactions Atlas database (https://www.nciatlas.org) has been extended with two data sets, D1200 and D442×10, covering London dispersion. This completes the database of all common non-covalent interactions in neutral organic molecules.
Variation of bending rigidity with material density: bilayer silica with nanoscale holes
Authors: Tømterud Martin , Eder Sabrina D. , Büchner Christin , Heyde Markus , Freund Hans-Joachim , Manson Joseph R. , Holst Bodil
Published: June 2022

Helium atom scattering experiments on a “holey” silica bilayer film reveal that the bending rigidity of the material, extracted from phonon dispersion curves, decreases with decreasing material density.
Long-range dispersion-inclusive machine learning potentials for structure search and optimization of hybrid organic–inorganic interfaces
Authors: Westermayr Julia , Chaudhuri Shayantan , Jeindl Andreas , Hofmann Oliver T. , Maurer Reinhard J.
Published: June 2022

Efficient global structure search and optimization of hybrid organic–inorganic interfaces is achieved by coupling a short-range machine learning potential with an accurate long-range dispersion description.
Separation of amino acids by selective sorption through reconstructive intercalation in calcined MgAl-layered double hydroxide
Authors: Bhojaraj  , Nethravathi C. , Rajamathi Michael
Published: June 2022

Mg–Al LDH shows high selectivity in the intercalation of amino acids with the order of preference being acidic > neutral > basic amino acids.
Understanding the thermodynamic, dynamic, bonding, and electrocatalytic properties of low-dimensional MgPSe3
Authors: Ouahrani Tarik , Daouli Ayoub , Badawi Michael , Bendaoudi Loubna , Morales-García Ángel , Errandonea Daniel
Published: June 2022

In this work it is studied the potential use of novel two-dimensional perovskite-based MgPSe3structures for technological applications in photocatalysis or in optoelectronics.
Synthesis of diphenyl-(2-thienyl)phosphine, its chalcogenide derivatives and a series of novel complexes of lanthanide nitrates and triflates
Authors: Luster Troy , Van de Roovaart Hannah J. , Korman Kyle J. , Sands Georgia G. , Dunn Kylie M. , Spyker Anthony , Staples Richard J. , Biros Shannon M. , Bender John E.
Published: June 2022

Three and four-coordinate, pseudo-octahedral lanthanide complexes of novel aryl phosphine oxide ligands are structurally reported.
On the use of vibronic coherence to identify reaction coordinates for ultrafast excited-state dynamics of transition metal-based chromophores
Authors: Paulus Bryan C. , McCusker James K.
Published: June 2022

Quantum coherences detected from ultrafast time-resolved absorption measurements are being explored to provide insight into the nature of the reaction coordinate for excited-state dynamics in transition metal complexes.
Method to incorporate green chemistry principles in early-stage product design for sustainability: case studies with personal care products
Authors: Saxe Jennifer K. , Hoffman Lisa , Labib Ramez
Published: June 2022

Applying green chemistry principles while combining ecological risk assessment and life cycle assessment approaches facilitates sustainable design for down-the-drain consumer products.
Enhancing the third-order nonlinearity and crystallinity by selenium incorporation in tin sulfide films (SnS1−xSex) for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Parida Abinash , Sahoo D. , Alagarasan D. , Vardhrajaperumal S. , Ganesan R. , Naik R.
Published: June 2022

The effect of Se doping in SnS alloys which decreased the transmission and increase in crystallinity of the films with change in morphology. The optical bandgap decreased and there was a simultaneous increase in 3rd order non-linear susceptibility.
Hematite nanoparticles decorated nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide/graphitic carbon nitride multifunctional heterostructure photocatalyst towards environmental applications
Authors: Choudhury Shubhalaxmi , Sahoo Ugrabadi , Pattnayak Samarjit , Padhiari Sandip , Tripathy Manamohan , Hota Garudadhwaj
Published: June 2022

The NrGO/g-C3N4/α-Fe2O3nanocomposites were synthesized by a facile synthetic approach and applied towards photocatalytic Cr(vi) reduction, 2,4-DNP photodegradation, and photocatalytic H2evolution applications.
Cationic metal–organic frameworks constructed from a trigonal imidazole-containing ligand for the removal of Cr2O72− in water
Authors: Chen Zi-Peng , Li Ding , Xu Lei , Jiang Yu-Fei , Lin Kai , Zhao Yue , Zhao Jing
Published: June 2022

Two novel cationic metal–organic frameworks were constructed from a trigonal neutral imidazole-containing ligand and used as anion-exchange absorbent for Cr2O72− anion.
Emission enhancement in twisted pyridyl salt using a montmorillonite nanoclay by the intercalation and surface-fixation processes
Authors: Bhuin Shouvik , Roy Susmita , Chakraborty Chanchal , Chakravarty Manab
Published: June 2022

Emission enhancement of weakly emissive highly twisted pyridyl salt is carried out by intercalation and surface fixation into nanoclay galleries.
Evaluation of the performance of azobenzene liquid-crystal shape memory polyurethanes with photo-thermo-synergy responses
Authors: Ban Jianfeng , Wu Dang , Liao Junqiu , Xu Tiwen , Pan Lulu
Published: June 2022

Azobenzene liquid-crystal shape memory polyurethanes with photo-thermo-synergy responses.
Construction of three-dimensional cobalt sulfide/multi-heteroatom co-doped porous carbon as an efficient trifunctional electrocatalyst
Authors: Zhang Jiakun , Cui Bolan , Jiang Shang , Liu Haitao , Dou Meiling
Published: June 2022

A three-dimensional cobalt sulfide/Co, N and S multi-heteroatom codoped carbon was synthesized as a trifunctional electrocatalyst through one-step sulfidation of zeolitic-imidazolate frameworks, showing outstanding ORR, OER and HER performance.
Observation of a Yu-Shiba-Rusinov state originating from the magnetic moment in a curved monolayer island of 1T-phase NbSe2
Authors: Mohammad Ikram Hossain , Ferdous Ara , Syed Mohammad Fakruddin Shahed , Wang Zhipeng , Komeda Tadahiro
Published: June 2022

A 1T island is formed on the 2H substrate of superconductor NbSe2. The Yu-Shiba-Rusinov state is enhanced at the curved position of the island, suggesting the curvature induced magnetic field for NbSe2.
Constructing electrospun spinel NiFe2O4nanofibers decorated with palladium ions as nanosheets heterostructure: boosting electrocatalytic activity of HER in alkaline water electrolysis
Authors: Selvasundarasekar Sam Sankar , Bijoy T. K. , Kumaravel Sangeetha , Karmakar Arun , Madhu Ragunath , Bera Krishnendu , Nagappan Sreenivasan , Dhandapani Hariharan N. , Lee Seung-Cheol , Kundu Subrata
Published: June 2022

Spinel NiFe2O4-NFs and Pd–NiFe2O4-NFs were synthesisedviaan electrospinning (ES) method and the designed materials show excellent OER and HER activity, respectively. In full-cell studies, it requires a minimum cell voltage of 1.51 V @ 10 mA cm−2.
Composition engineering of AZO films for controlled photon–electron conversion and ultrafast nonlinear optical behavior
Authors: Liu Hai-Quan , Yao Cheng-Bao
Published: June 2022

Exploring micro–nano photonic crystals as nonlinear optical (NLO) devices for Gaussian light fields with ultrashort pulse widths has attracted extensive research, mainly originating from its controllable modulation of NLO behavior and ultrafast carrier dynamics.
Light-controlled shape-changing azomacrocycles exhibiting reversible modulation of pyrene fluorescence emission
Authors: Srivastava Anjali , Grewal Surbhi , Bari Naimat K. , Saraswat Mayank , Sinha Sharmistha , Venkataramani Sugumar
Published: June 2022

Design, synthesis and studies of light-induced shape-changing azomacrocycles for reversible modulation of monomeric fluorescence emission of pyrene.
Strong enhancement of superconductivity in the topological transition metal silicide W5Si3 by Re doping
Authors: Wu Jifeng , Xiao Guorui , Zhu Qinqing , Liu Bin , Cui Yanwei , Wu Siqi , Cao Guang-Han , Ren Zhi
Published: June 2022

Chemical doping leads to a strong enhancement of superconductivity in the topological transition metal silicide W5Si3.
Visible light-induced Ni-catalyzed C–heteroatom cross-coupling of aryl halides via LMCT with DBU to access a Ni(i)/Ni(iii) cycle
Authors: Li Rui , Yang Chen-Xi , Niu Bai-Hua , Li Li-Juan , Ma Ji-Mei , Li Zi-Long , Jiang Hong , Cheng Wan-Min
Published: June 2022

A Ni-catalyzed C–heteroatom cross-coupling of aryl halides is reported by employing photoinduced LMCT with DBU. The reaction proceeds under visible light irradiation without an external photosensitizer and involves a variety of nucleophiles.
Albumin-mediated “Unlocking” of supramolecular prodrug-like nanozymes toward selective imaging-guided phototherapy
Authors: Han Jingjing , Li Haidong , Zhao Luyang , Kim Gyoungmi , Chen Yahui , Yan Xuehai , Yoon Juyoung
Published: June 2022

An adaptive nanozyme without producing off-target toxicity has been successfully applied in phototherapy.
Construction of a quaternary stereogenic center by asymmetric hydroformylation: a straightforward method to prepare chiral α-quaternary amino acids
Authors: Zhang Dequan , Wen Jialin , Zhang Xumu
Published: June 2022

A rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydroformylation reaction was reported to construct chiral α-quaternary amino acid derivatives. High chemo-, regio- and enantioselectivity were realized in one step.
Activation of Si–H and B–H bonds by Lewis acidic transition metals and p-block elements: same, but different
Authors: Ríos Pablo , Rodríguez Amor , Conejero Salvador
Published: June 2022

In thisPerspectivewe compare the ability of transition metals and p-block Lewis acids to activate electrophilically hydrosilanes and hydroboranes. The mechanistic similarities and dissimilarities in different catalytic transformations are analyzed.
Mn boosted the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution of N, P co-doped Mo2C via synergistically tuning the electronic structures
Authors: Mu Zongyun , Guo Ting , Fei Hao , Xu Dingsheng , Mao Yaoqing , Wu Zhuangzhi , Wang Dezhi
Published: June 2022

Molybdenum carbide (Mo2C) is a promising candidate to replace Pt for highly efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
Vacancy assisted growth of copper tantalum sulfide nanocrystals
Authors: Haque Anamul , Ershadrad Soheil , Chonamada Trupthi Devaiah , Saha Dipankar , Sanyal Biplab , Santra Pralay K.
Published: June 2022

Cu3TaS4, a ternary chalcogenide, is a promising photovoltaic material. The growth of Cu3TaS4 occurs via the formation of Cu2−xS with Cu vacancies. Ta incorporation occurs in the Cu2−xS at Cu vacancy sites, followed by diffusion of Ta to form Cu3TaS4.
Achieving 15.81% and 15.29% efficiency of all-polymer solar cells based on layer-by-layer and bulk heterojunction structures
Authors: Xu Wenjing , Zhu Xixiang , Ma Xiaoling , Zhou Hang , Li Xiong , Jeong Sang Young , Woo Han Young , Zhou Zhengji , Sun Qianqian , Zhang Fujun
Published: June 2022

PCEs of 15.81% and 15.29% are achieved in LbL and BHJ all-PSCs with polymer donor PM6, polymer acceptor PY-IT and CN as an additive. Over 15% PCE improvement can be obtained in LbL and BHJ all-PSCs with CN in LbL and BHJ active layers.
Effect of extracellular matrix proteins on the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Tian Zeyu , Wang Chun-Ko , Lin Feng-Ling , Liu Qian , Wang Ting , Sung Tzu-Cheng , Alarfaj Abdullah A. , Hirad Abdurahman H. , Lee Henry Hsin-Chung , Wu Gwo-Jang , Higuchi Akon
Published: June 2022

Human pluripotent stem cells cultured on a laminin-521-coated surface can differentiate into mesenchymal stem cells with high proliferation and good differentiation.
The first characterization of cubic Nd3+-doped mixed La2MoWO9 in micro-crystalline powders and translucent micro-ceramics
Authors: Wilk (Bieza) M. , Tomaszewicz E. , Siczek M. , Guyot Y. , Boulon G. , Guzik M.
Published: June 2022

Crystal structure of Nd3+-doped La2MoWO9 new optical material was investigated and translucent optical ceramics were fabricated for the first time.
Fabricating flexible conductive structures by printing techniques and printable conductive materials
Authors: Sun Jiazhen , Sun Rui , Jia Peng , Ma Mengdi , Song Yanlin
Published: June 2022

Widely methods of printing techniques and advanced materials of printable conductive materials are summarized in fabricating flexible conductive structures with their synergistic effects, remaining challenges, and prospects.
Bandgap and dimension regulation of CsPbI3 perovskite through a bromine-terminated ligand for efficient pure red electroluminescence
Authors: Liu Xinyue , Zhang Feng , Chang Shuai , Wang Chenhui , Chen Cuili , Sun Shipei , Zhu Tong , Zhong Haizheng
Published: June 2022

Simultaneous bandgap and quantum-well distribution regulation of quasi-2D perovskites realized using a bromide-terminated ligand for pure red emission, exhibiting the highest external quantum efficiency in the wavelength range of 620–660 nm.
Alphabetti kinase Spaghetti: the complex roles of IKKα and β in the canonical NF-κB pathway
Authors: Perkins Neil D.
Published: June 2022

Numerous studies, published over many years, have established the key role that the IκB kinase (IKK) subunits, α and β, play in regulating the Nuclear Factor κB (NF-κB) pathway. This research generally concluded that their functions can be separated, with IKKβ being the critical regulator of the canonical NF-κB pathway, while IKKα functions as the key activating kinase for the non-canonical pathway. However, other roles for these kinases have been described and several reports concluded that this separation of their functions may not always be the case. This commentary discusses the recent report by Biochem J. 479, 305–325, who elegantly demonstrate that in KRAS driven colorectal cancer cell lines, IKKα is an important regulator of the canonical NF-κB pathway. As is so often the case with trying to understand the complexity of NF-κB signalling, cellular context is everything.
CRISPR/Cas9 and genetic screens in malaria parasites: small genomes, big impact
Authors: Ishizaki Takahiro , Hernandez Sophia , Paoletta Martina S. , Sanderson Theo , Bushell Ellen S.C.
Published: June 2022

The ∼30 Mb genomes of the Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria each encode ∼5000 genes, but the functions of the majority remain unknown. This is due to a paucity of functional annotation from sequence homology, which is compounded by low genetic tractability compared with many model organisms. In recent years technical breakthroughs have made forward and reverse genome-scale screens in Plasmodium possible. Furthermore, the adaptation of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-Associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) technology has dramatically improved gene editing efficiency at the single gene level. Here, we review the arrival of genetic screens in malaria parasites to analyse parasite gene function at a genome-scale and their impact on understanding parasite biology. CRISPR/Cas9 screens, which have revolutionised human and model organism research, have not yet been implemented in malaria parasites due to the need for more complex CRISPR/Cas9 gene targeting vector libraries. We therefore introduce the reader to CRISPR-based screens in the related apicomplexan Toxoplasma gondii and discuss how these approaches could be adapted to develop CRISPR/Cas9 based genome-scale genetic screens in malaria parasites. Moreover, since more than half of Plasmodium genes are required for normal asexual blood-stage reproduction, and cannot be targeted using knockout methods, we discuss how CRISPR/Cas9 could be used to scale up conditional gene knockdown approaches to systematically assign function to essential genes.
Novel insights in endocrine and metabolic pathways in sepsis and gaps for future research
Authors: Téblick Arno , Gunst Jan , Langouche Lies , Van den Berghe Greet
Published: June 2022

Sepsis is defined as any life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. It remains an important cause of critical illness and has considerable short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. In the last decades, preclinical and clinical research has revealed a biphasic pattern in the (neuro-)endocrine responses to sepsis as to other forms of critical illness, contributing to development of severe metabolic alterations. Immediately after the critical illness-inducing insult, fasting- and stress-induced neuroendocrine and cellular responses evoke a catabolic state in order to provide energy substrates for vital tissues, and to concomitantly activate cellular repair pathways while energy-consuming anabolism is postponed. Large randomized controlled trials have shown that providing early full feeding in this acute phase induced harm and reversed some of the neuro-endocrine alterations, which suggested that the acute fasting- and stress-induced responses to critical illness are likely interlinked and benefical. However, it remains unclear whether, in the context of accepting virtual fasting in the acute phase of illness, metabolic alterations such as hyperglycemia are harmful or beneficial. When patients enter a prolonged phase of critical illness, a central suppression of most neuroendocrine axes follows. Prolonged fasting and central neuroendocrine suppression may no longer be beneficial. Although pilot studies have suggested benefit of fasting-mimicking diets and interventions that reactivate the central neuroendocrine suppression selectively in the prolonged phase of illness, further study is needed to investigate patient-oriented outcomes in larger randomized trials.
Visualization of regenerating and repairing hearts
Authors: Powers Nevan , Huang Guo N.
Published: June 2022

With heart failure continuing to become more prevalent, investigating the mechanisms of heart injury and repair holds much incentive. In contrast with adult mammals, other organisms such as teleost fish, urodele amphibians, and even neonatal mammals are capable of robust cardiac regeneration to replenish lost or damaged myocardial tissue. Long-term high-resolution intravital imaging of the behaviors and interactions of different cardiac cell types in their native environment could yield unprecedented insights into heart regeneration and repair. However, this task remains challenging for the heart due to its rhythmic contraction and anatomical location. Here, we summarize recent advances in live imaging of heart regeneration and repair, discuss the advantages and limitations of current systems, and suggest future directions for novel imaging technology development.
Methylglyoxal and glyoxalase 1—a metabolic stress pathway-linking hyperglycemia to the unfolded protein response and vascular complications of diabetes
Authors: Rabbani Naila
Published: June 2022

The study of the glyoxalase system by Thornalley and co-workers in clinical diabetes mellitus and correlation with diabetic complications revealed increased exposure of patients with diabetes to the reactive, dicarbonyl metabolite methylglyoxal (MG). Twenty-eight years later, extended and built on by Thornalley and co-workers and others, the glyoxalase system is an important pathway contributing to the development of insulin resistance and vascular complications of diabetes. Other related advances have been: characterization of a new kind of metabolic stress—‘dicarbonyl stress’; identification of the major physiological advanced glycation endproduct (AGE), MG-H1; physiological substrates of the unfolded protein response (UPR); new therapeutic agents—‘glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) inducers’; and a refined mechanism underlying the link of dysglycemia to the development of insulin resistance and vascular complications of diabetes.
New molecules in plant defence against pathogens
Authors: Eccleston Laura , Brambilla Alessandro , Vlot A. Corina
Published: June 2022

Plants host a multipart immune signalling network to ward off pathogens. Pathogen attack upon plant tissues can often lead to an amplified state of (induced) defence against subsequent infections in distal tissues; this is known as systemic acquired resistance (SAR). The interaction of plants with beneficial microbes of the rhizosphere microbiome can also lead to an induced resistance in above-ground plant tissues, known as induced systemic resistance. Second messengers such as calcium (Ca2+), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nitric oxide (NO) are necessary for cell-to-cell signal propagation during SAR and show emergent roles in the mediation of other SAR metabolites. These include the lysine-derived signals pipecolic acid (Pip) and N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP), which are key signalling metabolites in SAR. Emerging evidence additionally pinpoints plant volatiles as modulators of defence signalling within and between plants. Plant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as monoterpenes can promote SAR by functioning through ROS. Furthermore, plant-derived and additionally also microbial VOCs can target both salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signalling pathways in plants and modulate defence against pathogens. In this review, an overview of recent findings in induced defence signalling, with a particular focus on newer signalling molecules and how they integrate into these networks is discussed.
Linking a universal gas density profile to the core-excised X-ray luminosity in galaxy clusters up to z ∼ 1.1
Authors: Pratt G. W. , Arnaud M. , Maughan B. J. , Melin J.-B.
Published: June 2022

We investigate the regularity of galaxy cluster gas density profiles and the link to the relation between core-excised luminosity, LXc, and mass from the YX proxy, MYX, for 93 objects selected through their Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (SZE) signal. The sample spans a mass range of M500 = [0.5−20]×1014 M⊙, and lies at redshifts 0.05 < z < 1.13. To investigate differences in X-ray and SZE selection, we compare to the local X-ray-selected REXCESS sample. Using XMM-Newton observations, we derive an average intra-cluster medium (ICM) density profile for the SZE-selected systems and determine its scaling with mass and redshift. This average profile exhibits an evolution that is slightly stronger than self-similar (αz = 2.09 ± 0.02), and a significant dependence on mass (αM = 0.22 ± 0.01). Deviations from this average scaling with radius, which we quantify, indicate different evolution for the core regions as compared to the bulk. We measure the radial variation of the intrinsic scatter in scaled density profiles, finding a minimum of ∼20% at R ∼ [0.5−0.7] R500 and a value of ∼40% at R500; moreover, the scatter evolves slightly with redshift. The average profile of the SZE-selected systems adequately describes the X-ray-selected systems and their intrinsic scatter at low redshift, except in the very central regions. We examine the evolution of the scaled core properties over time, which are positively skewed at later times, suggesting an increased incidence of centrally peaked objects at lower redshifts. The relation between core-excised luminosity, LXc, and mass is extremely tight, with a measured logarithmic intrinsic scatter of σlnLXc|MYx ∼ 0.13. Using extensive simulations, we investigate the impact of selection effects, intrinsic scatter, and covariance between quantities on this relation. The slope is insensitive to selection and intrinsic scatter between quantities; however, the scatter is very dependent on the covariance between LXc and YX. Accounting for our use of the YX proxy to determine the mass, for observationally motivated values of covariance we estimate an upper limit to the logarithmic intrinsic scatter with respect to the true mass of σlnLXc|M ∼ 0.22. We explicitly illustrate the connection between the scatter in density profiles and that in the LXc − M relation. Our results are consistent with the overall conclusion that the ICM bulk evolves approximately self-similarly, with the core regions evolving separately. They indicate a systematic variation of the gas content with mass. They also suggest that the core-excised X-ray luminosity, LXc, has a tight and well-understood relation to the underlying mass.
CHEMOUT: CHEMical complexity in star-forming regions of the OUTer Galaxy
Authors: Fontani F. , Schmiedeke A. , Sánchez-Monge A. , Colzi L. , Elia D. , Rivilla V. M. , Beltrán M. T. , Bizzocchi L. , Caselli P. , Magrini L. , Romano D.
Published: June 2022

Context. The outer Galaxy is an environment with a lower metallicity than the regions surrounding the Sun and for this reason the formation and survival of molecules in star-forming regions located in the inner and outer Galaxy are expected to be different.

Aims. To gain understanding of how chemistry changes throughout the Milky Way, it is crucial to observe the outer star-forming regions of the Galaxy in order to constrain models adapted for lower metallicity environments.

Methods. The project ‘chemical complexity in star-forming regions of the outer Galaxy’ (CHEMOUT) is designed to address this problem by observing a sample of 35 star-forming cores at Galactocentric distances of up to ~23 kpc with the Institut de RadioAstronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) 30 m telescope in various 3 mm and 2 mm bands. In this work, we analyse observations of methanol (CH3OH), one of the simplest complex organic molecules and crucial for organic chemistry in star-forming regions, and of two chemically related species, HCO and formaldehyde (H2CO), towards 15 out of the 35 targets of the CHEMOUT sample. More specifically, we consider only the targets for which both HCO and H2CO were previously detected, which are precursors of CH3OH.

Results. We detected CH3OH in all 15 targets. The emission is associated with an extended envelope, as the average angular size is ~47″ (i.e. ~2.3 pc at a representative heliocentric distance of 10 kpc). Using a local thermodynamic equilibrium approach, we derive CH3OH excitation temperatures in the range ~7–16 K and line widths ≤4 km s−1, which are consistent with emission from a cold and quiescent envelope. The CH3OH fractional abundances with respect to H2 range between ~0.6 × 10−9 and ~7.4 × 10−9. These values are comparable to those found in star-forming regions in the inner and local Galaxy. H2CO and CH3OH show well-correlated line velocities, line widths, and fractional abundances with respect to H2, indicating that their emission originates from similar gas. These correlations are not seen with HCO, suggesting that CH3OH is likely more chemically related to H2CO than to HCO.

Conclusions. Our results have important implications for the organic and possibly pre-biotic chemistry occurring in the outermost star-forming regions of the Galaxy, and can help to set the boundaries of the Galactic habitable zone.
No correlation of the Lyman continuum escape fraction with spectral hardness
Authors: Marques-Chaves R. , Schaerer D. , Amorín R. O. , Atek H. , Borthakur S. , Chisholm J. , Fernández V. , Flury S. R. , Giavalisco M. , Grazian A. , Hayes M. J. , Heckman T. M. , Henry A. , Izotov Y. I. , Jaskot A. E. , Ji Z. , McCandliss S. R. , Oey M. S. , Östlin G. , Ravindranath S. , Rutkowski M. J. , Saldana-Lopez A. , Teplitz H. , Thuan T. X. , Verhamme A. , Wang B. , Worseck G. , Xu X.
Published: June 2022

The properties that govern the production and escape of hydrogen-ionizing photons (Lyman continuum, LyC; with energies > 13.6 eV) in star-forming galaxies are still poorly understood, but they are key to identifying and characterizing the sources that reionized the Universe. Here we empirically explore the relation between the hardness of ionizing radiation and the LyC leakage in a large sample of low-z star-forming galaxies from the recent Hubble Space Telescope Low-z Lyman Continuum Survey. Using Sloan Digital Sky Survey stacks and deep X-shooter observations, we investigate the hardness of the ionizing spectra (QHe+/QH) between 54.4 eV (He+) and 13.6 eV (H) from the optical recombination lines He II 4686 Å and Hβ 4861 Å for galaxies with LyC escape fractions spanning a wide range, fesc(LyC) ≃ 0−90%. We find that the observed intensity of He II/Hβ is primarily driven by variations in the metallicity, but is not correlated with LyC leakage. Both very strong ( ≃ 0.5) and nonleakers ( ≃ 0) present similar observed intensities of He II and Hβ at comparable metallicity, between ≃0.01 and ≃0.02 for 12 + log(O/H)> 8.0 and < 8.0, respectively. Our results demonstrate that QHe+/QH does not correlate with fesc(LyC), which implies that strong LyC emitters do not show harder ionizing spectra than nonleakers at similar metallicity.
IoT-Based Data Logger for solar systems applications
Authors: Rerhrhaye Fathallah , Lahlouh Ilyas , Ennaciri Yassine , Benzazah Chirine , El Akkary Ahmed , Sefiani Nacer , Bouftane Said
Published: June 2022

A data logger is an electronic device that senses temperature, relative humidity, and other characteristics such as voltage and pulse by combining analog and digital measurements with programming methods. Thus, data acquisition systems (DAQSs) are frequently used in PV facilities to capture all system data to analyze and optimize plant performance. The major purpose of the project is to create a low-cost DAQS. The suggested monitoring system has been used to continuously gather and display the electrical output characteristics of a stand-alone PV system. PV produced voltage, current, and power are examples of such parameters. Furthermore, because the PV module short circuit current is directly proportional to the molar concentration, the global solar radiation may be determined by monitoring it. The proposed system is considered a good solution for collecting the system database to be ready for the analysis and optimization of the PV plant’s performance. The configurations of software and hardware of the proposed system are presented, and the proposed system's performance is tested when integrated with a small size PV system.
Mobile Forensics Data Acquisition
Authors: El Majdoub Asmae , Saadi Chaimae , Chaoui Habiba
Published: June 2022

Mobile technology is among the fastest developing technologies that have changed the way we live our lives. And, with the increase of the need to protect our personal information, smartphone companies have developed multiple types of security protection measures on their devices which makes the forensic data acquisition for law enforcement purposes so much harder. As we all know, one of the biggest tasks in mobile forensics investigation is the step of data acquisition, it is the step of extracting all the valuable information that will help the investigators to bring out all the evidences. In this paper, we will explain the traditional forensic data acquisition methods and the impact of encryption and security protection that been implemented in new smartphones on these methods, we will also present some new mobile forensics methods that will help to bypass the security measures in new generation smartphones, and finally, we will propose a new data extraction model using artificial intelligence.
AIoT with I4.0: the effect of Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence technologies on the industry 4.0
Authors: Haqiq Nasreddine , Zaim Mounia , Bouganssa Issam , Salbi Adil , Sbihi Mohammed
Published: June 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) extend the connectivity into billions of IoT devices around the world. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the best solution to manage huge data flow and storage in IoT network. Nowadays, IoT is becoming more popular with the invention of high internet speed and many advanced sensors that can be integrated into a microcontroller. Internet of Things relies on Artificial Intelligence technology which gives the term of Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT).

AIoT is transformational and mutually beneficial for both technologies, as AI adds values to IoT through materials and software. This fusion impacts the revolution of industry 4.0 such as maintenance, production chains, optimization and logistics applied in industries to achieve increased productivity, profitability, efficiency, safety, and security.In this paper we will discuss the merge of Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things, the soft-hard of AIoT and the impact of AIoT on the industry 4.0 applications.
Coronary Artery Z-scores in Febrile Children with Suspected Kawasaki's Disease—The Value of Serial Echocardiography
Authors: Gerling Stephan , Hörl Maria , Geis Tobias , Zant Robert , Dechant Markus-Johann , Melter Michael , Michel Holger
Published: June 2022

Background Progressive enlargement of the coronary artery (CA) diameters on serial echocardiography can support diagnosis of Kawasaki's disease (KD) even CA dimensions are within the normal range.

Methods A single-center, retrospective study compared mean Z-scores of the proximal CA internal diameters in children hospitalized with non-KD febrile illnesses (FCs) with those of KD patients.

Results A total of 223 patients with suspicion of KD have been admitted over a period of 16 years and data were evaluable for 176 children. Distributions for age, sex, and body surface area were similar for both groups. FC had a significantly shorter duration of hospitalization, higher levels of hemoglobin, lower levels of liver transaminases, and segmented neutrophils, respectively. The majority of FC patients (75/82, 91.5%) had normal CA Z-scores (p < 0.001) and only 3 (3.7%) had CA Z-score ≥2.5 standard deviation (SD). In KD, subjects (46/94, 49.5%) had a CA dilation (Z-score ≥2.5 SD) and the maximum CA Z-score (Zmax) was significantly higher compared with FC patients (p < 0.001). On serial echocardiograms, FC patients showed a mild decrease, whereas KD patients developed a significant increase of CA Zmax (p < 0.001). Seven KD patients had a segmental dilation of a CA which has been confirmed by cardiac catheter. In FC, no segmental dilation of any CA was documented by echocardiography.

Conclusion This study found that mean CA dimensions in FCs were smaller and did not increase in serial echocardiograms compared with KD patients.