bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GAA deficiency disrupts distal airway cells in Pompe disease
Authors: El Haddad Léa , Lai Elias , Murthy Preetish Kadur Lakshminarasimha , Biswas Debolina D. , Soufny Rania , Roger Angela L. , Tata Purushothama Rao , ElMallah Mai K.
Published: June 2023

This research highlights the impact of Pompe disease on distal airway cells. Prior to this work, respiratory insufficiency in Pompe disease was classically attributed to pathology in respiratory muscles and motor neurons. Using the Pompe mouse model, we note significant pathology in alveolar type 1 and 2 cells with reductions in surfactant protein D and disrupted surfactant homeostasis. These novel findings highlight the potential contributions of alveolar pathology to respiratory insufficiency in Pompe disease.
Loss of growth differentiation factor 15 exacerbates lung injury in neonatal mice
Authors: Al-Mudares Faeq , Cantu Gutierrez Manuel , Cantu Abiud , Jiang Weiwu , Wang Lihua , Dong Xiaoyu , Moorthy Bhagavatula , Sajti Eniko , Lingappan Krithika
Published: June 2023

We show for the first time that loss of Gdf15 exacerbates mortality, lung injury, and the phenotype of the arrest of alveolarization in the developing lung with loss of female-sex advantage in Gdf15−/− mice. We also highlight the distinct pulmonary transcriptomic response in the Gdf15−/− lung including pathways related to macrophage recruitment and activation.
RF Sign: Signature Anticounterfeiting Real-Time Monitoring System Based on Single Tag
Authors: Zhu Biaokai , Wei Qing , Li Lu , Yang Zejiao , Liu Wei , You Zirong , Zhou Jiangfan , Li Ping , Song Jie , Liu Sanman , Li Deng-ao
Published: June 2023

Signatures are one of the most important means to ensure the authenticity of documents and are commonly used in life and work. In identifying imitation handwriting, it is easy to make mistakes that cannot correctly identify and evaluate different writing characteristics. In this paper, from the perspective of dynamic handwriting detection, we propose RF sign, a signature anticounterfeiting real-time monitoring model, which achieves passive recognition of signature behavior using only a single antenna with a single tag. The RF sign identifies different users by extracting fine-grained reflection features from the original RF signal. We introduced a dynamic time regularization and neural network technique for similarity calculation and signature recognition matching to achieve template matching and classification. We compiled a real-time signature handwriting detection system. The system effectively identifies the person’s signature by checking real-time spatial and temporal information. Comprehensive experiments show that the recognition accuracy of my signature can reach over 93% and is robust to input location, environmental changes, and user diversity.
Nutritional Composition, Functionality, and Processing Technologies for Amaranth
Authors: Malik Manisha , Sindhu Ritu , Dhull Sanju Bala , Bou-Mitri Christelle , Singh Yudhbir , Panwar Shreya , Khatkar Bhupendar Singh
Published: June 2023

The current production levels of the major staple food crops are not sufficient to fulfill the projected global food requirements, with more than 75% of total grain production being maize (corn), wheat, and rice together. Accordingly, there is an acute need to explore alternative crops such as amaranth with the potential to play a crucial role in sustainable agriculture and their use in nutrition-dense food products. Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) is one of the oldest food crops in the world with broad leaves and inflorescence. It has a tolerance to drought and heat and is considered a smart crop. Amaranth is gluten-free and high in quality proteins, fiber, minerals, and bioactive compounds. The grains are processed by popping, flaking, and grinding for flour production which works well in blends with flours from other cereals. Besides nutritional value, amaranth grains keep religious importance in some countries. Even being a potential crop with substantial nutrient content amaranth grains remain underutilized as food. This article presents a critical overview of the nutritional composition, functionality, and processing technologies of amaranth grains and their utilization in different sustainable products. It also presents the effect of production on the composition and properties. Understanding the effect of processing technologies on the amaranth product functionality and nutritional value will assist in its utilization as a solution to alleviate food sustainability and food insecurity.
Monitoring Big Data Streams Using Data Stream Management Systems: Industrial Needs, Challenges, and Improvements
Authors: Alzghoul Ahmad
Published: June 2023

Real-time monitoring systems are important for industry since they allow for avoiding unplanned system stops and keeping system availability high. The technical requirements for such systems include being both scalable and online, as the amount of generated data is increasing with time. Therefore, monitoring systems must integrate tools that can manage and analyze the data streams. The data stream management system is a stream processing tool that has the ability to manage and support operations on data streams in real-time. Several researchers have proposed and tested real-time monitoring systems which have the ability to search big data streams. In this paper, the research works that discuss the analysis of online data streams for fault detection in industry are reviewed. Based on the literature analysis, the industrial needs and challenges of monitoring big data streams are presented. Furthermore, feasible suggestions for improving the real-time monitoring system are proposed.
Clinical Epidemiology Features and Risk Factors for Acute Diarrhea Caused by Rotavirus A in Vietnamese Children
Authors: Van Chuc Dang , Linh Dang Phuong , Linh Dang Viet , Van Linh Pham
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Acute diarrhea caused by group A rotavirus (RVA) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally in children less than 5 years old. Acute diarrhea caused by RVA is often manifested by loose/watery stool leading to different degrees of dehydration. The detection of risk factors, diagnosis, and prompt treatment of acute diarrhea caused by RVA is critical. We aimed to describe clinical epidemiological features of acute diarrhea caused by RVA and its associated risk factors. Subjects and Method. We conducted a cross-sectional study that included 321 children under 5 years old with acute diarrhea at Haiphong Children’s Hospital, Vietnam, from 1 August 2019 to 31 July 2020. Results. Among the 321 children included in our analysis, 221 (68.8%) children were positive for RVA. Males represented 61.1% of cases, 41.2% of children were in the 12-<24-month age group, and the majority of cases were among children in suburban areas (71.5%). Clinical manifestations included loose and watery stool (100%), vomiting-fever-loose/watery stool (57.9%), vomiting-loose/watery stool (83.2%), fever-loose/watery stool (58.8%), dehydration (30%), hyponatremia (22.1%), hypernatremia (1.4%), and hypokalemia (15%). Risk factors for acute diarrhea caused by RVA included history of diarrhea, not exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months, living area, maternal education, and income. Conclusions. Acute diarrhea due to RVA was very prevalent in children under 5 years old. Clinical manifestations included a high prevalence of loose/watery stools/day and dehydration with electrolyte disorder. Mothers should exclusively breastfeed their children for the first 6 months to avoid the risk of acute diarrhea caused by RVA.
Effect of Molar Distalization on Condyle‐Glenoid Fossa Relationship
Authors: Abo Samra Dani , Hadad Rania , Hamadah Omar
Published: June 2023

Objective. It is essential to be aware of the potential effects of orthodontic treatment on tissues and anatomical structures associated with the masticatory system, especially the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Little information is available about the consequences of molar distalization on the TMJ. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the changes of the condyle‐fossa relationship after molar distalization using the distal jet appliance. Materials and Methods. The sample consisted of twenty‐five patients (mean age 20.4 ± 2.6) who underwent molar distalization by the distal jet appliance. CBCT scans were taken before (T0) and after (T1) the completion of the molar distalization. Joint spaces (anterior, superior, and posterior) and cephalometric vertical angles (SN.GOME and Björk sum) were measured and compared at T0 and T1. Results. Superior and posterior joint spaces increased significantly after molar distalization (PS 0.29 mm, P < 0.001, SS 0.06 mm, P < 0.5). Vertical cephalometric angles also increased after molar distalization by the distal jet appliance (SN.GOME 0.92°, Björk 1.11°). Conclusion. There was a statistically significant increase in the superior and posterior joint spaces after molar distalization. However, this increase may not be of clinical importance. The vertical dimension has also increased.
Nano-Pd/Chitosan Composite: An Extremely Effective Catalyst to the Synthesis of Pyrazolyl Analogues through Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions in an Aqueous Medium
Authors: Senthilkumar M. , Manisankar P. , Pandimurugan R. , Vivekanand P. A. , Periyasami Govindasami , Harikumar S. , Karthikeyan Perumal , Rahaman Mostafizur , Khanal Santosh
Published: June 2023

Substituted pyrazolyl derivatives were synthesized through Suzuki cross coupling of aromatic boronic acid with heterocyclic halide using newly synthesized nano-Pd/chitosan catalyst by the water-mediated green synthesis methodology. The reactivity of the nano-Pd catalyst was highly enhanced by incorporating palladium nanoparticles with a biopolymer chitosan matrix. The synthesized nano-Pd/chitosan catalyst was studied thoroughly for its structure, morphology, and other fundamental aspects such as the size and shape by various techniques including XRD, FESEM, and EDAX analyses. The scope of the catalyst was disclosed by their great stability with remarkable reusability for Suzuki cross-coupling reaction with twelve different boronic acids under the green synthetic methodology.
A Bispecific γδ T-cell Engager Targeting EGFR Activates a Potent Vγ9Vδ2 T cell–Mediated Immune Response against EGFR-Expressing Tumors
Authors: King Lisa A. , Toffoli Elisa C. , Veth Myrthe , Iglesias-Guimarais Victoria , Slot Manon C. , Amsen Derk , van de Ven Rieneke , Derks Sarah , Fransen Marieke F. , Tuynman Jurriaan B. , Riedl Thilo , Roovers Rob C. , Adang Anton E.P. , Ruben Jurjen M. , Parren Paul W.H.I. , de Gruijl Tanja D. , van der Vliet Hans J.
Published: June 2023

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are effector cells with proven antitumor efficacy against a broad range of cancers. This study aimed to assess the antitumor activity and safety of a bispecific antibody directing Vγ9Vδ2 T cells to EGFR-expressing tumors. An EGFR-Vδ2 bispecific T-cell engager (bsTCE) was generated, and its capacity to activate Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and trigger antitumor activity was tested in multiple in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo models. Studies to explore safety were conducted using cross-reactive surrogate engagers in nonhuman primates (NHP). We found that Vγ9Vδ2 T cells from peripheral blood and tumor specimens of patients with EGFR+ cancers had a distinct immune checkpoint expression profile characterized by low levels of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells could be activated by EGFR-Vδ2 bsTCEs to mediate lysis of various EGFR+ patient–derived tumor samples, and substantial tumor growth inhibition and improved survival were observed in in vivo xenograft mouse models using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as effector cells. EGFR-Vδ2 bsTCEs exerted preferential activity toward EGFR+ tumor cells and induced downstream activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells without concomitant activation of suppressive regulatory T cells observed with EGFR-CD3 bsTCEs. Administration of fully cross-reactive and half-life extended surrogate engagers to NHPs did not trigger signals in the safety parameters that were assessed. Considering the effector and immune-activating properties of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, the preclinical efficacy data and acceptable safety profile reported here provide a solid basis for testing EGFR-Vδ2 bsTCEs in patients with EGFR+ malignancies.
Levonorgestrel as a Potential Trigger of Acute Bilateral Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: Case Report
Authors: Nemet Vedran
Published: June 2023

This is a first ever report describing a case of acute bilateral central serous chorioretinopathy which developed shortly after the consumption of levonorgestrel as emergency contraception. A 27-year-old female patient visited the emergency department of the clinic due to diminished visual acuity in both eyes. She had taken a single pill of levonorgestrel (1.5 mg) as emergency contraception 2 days prior. Fundus examination showed macular edema. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed serous bilateral detachment of the macular retina. Fluorescein angiography showed a “smokestack” leakage of contrast in the right eye and focal macular leakage in the left eye. Ten days after oral diuretic and topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were prescribed, follow-up examination revealed improvement of best corrected visual acuity and OCT showed complete regression of subretinal fluid. One month and 3 months after the initial visit, the patient’s best corrected visual acuity returned to 20/20 and OCT showed no signs of subretinal fluid. This case highlights levonorgestrel as a potential trigger for this serious chorioretinal condition, thus expanding on the literature on possible risk factors and mechanisms of development for central serous chorioretinopathy.
Severe Emphysema Treated with Bilateral Lung Sealant: A Case Series with Long-Term Follow-Up
Authors: Lindnér Cecilia , Jensen Kristine , Mortensen Jann , Kalhauge Anna , Jessen-Hansen Henrik , Perch Michael
Published: June 2023

Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) for emphysematous hyperinflation has evolved during the last two decades as an alternative to lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) with lower morbidity and mortality. Emphysematous lung sealant (ELS) is a form of BLVR specifically aimed at patients with collateral ventilation (CV), shown to have favorable outcomes in lung function up to two years. This case series presents four emphysema patients treated bilaterally with ELS, with a follow-up period up to six years. Two of the patients had previously undergone LVRS and BLVR with valves. Following ELS installment, all patients showed positive changes in spirometric values, with varying durability between one and five years. Three patients reported an overall improvement in subjective symptoms after treatment as measured by the COPD Assessment Test (CAT), one of which had lasting improvement even after five years (CAT from 20 to 13). Two of the four treated patients suffered recurrent respiratory exacerbations and pneumonias requiring hospitalization. They both went on to receive lung transplantation within one and three years. This report concludes that ELS has a meaningful effect on reducing hyperinflation in emphysema with improving pulmonary function tests, and relieving symptoms of dyspnea for up to five years. Unfortunately, some patients develop complications leading to recurrent exacerbations. We were not able to show a survival benefit with ELS treatment. This article highlights the need for further research in order to predict who will benefit from this treatment and how to handle CV-positive patients.
Early Detection of Isolated Severe Congenital Heart Defects Is Associated with a Lower Threshold to Terminate the Pregnancy
Authors: Lugthart Malou A. , Verbaarschot Elvire , van Nisselrooij Amber E.L. , van de Kamp Karline , Kleinrouweler Emily , Haak Monique C. , Rozendaal Lieke , Linskens Ingeborg , Hruda Jarda , Snijders Rosalinde J.M. , van Leeuwen Elisabeth , Clur Sally-Ann , Pajkrt Eva
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Early detection of isolated severe congenital heart defects (CHDs) allows extra time for chromosomal analysis and informed decision making, resulting in improved perinatal management and patient satisfaction. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the value of an additional first-trimester screening scan compared to only a second-trimester scan in fetuses diagnosed with isolated severe CHDs. Prenatal detection rate, time of prenatal diagnosis, and pregnancy outcome were evaluated in the Netherlands after implementation of a national screening program. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective geographical cohort study and included 264 pre- and postnatally diagnosed isolated severe CHD cases between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2015, in the Amsterdam region. Severe CHD was defined as potentially life threatening if intervention within the first year of life was required. Two groups were defined: those with a first- and second-trimester anomaly scan (group 1) and those with a second-trimester anomaly scan only (group 2). A first-trimester scan was defined as a scan between 11 + 0 and 13 + 6 weeks of gestation. Results: Overall, the prenatal detection rate for isolated severe CHDs was 65%; 63% were detected before 24 weeks of gestation (97% of all prenatally detected CHDs). Prenatal detection rate was 70.2% in the group with a first- and second-trimester scan (group 1) and 58% in the group with a second-trimester scan only (group 2) (p < 0.05). Median gestational age at detection was 19 + 6 (interquartile range [IQR] 15 + 4 – 20 + 5) in group 1 versus 20 + 3 (IQR: 20 + 0 – 21 + 1) in group 2 (p < 0.001). In group 1, 22% were diagnosed before 18 weeks of gestation. Termination of pregnancy rate in group 1 and group 2 were 48% and 27%, respectively (p < 0.01). Median gestational age at termination did not differ between the two groups. Conclusion: Prenatal detection rate of isolated severe CHDs and termination of pregnancy rate was higher in the group with both a first- and second-trimester scan. We found no differences between timing of terminations. The additional time after diagnosis allows for additional genetic testing and optimal counseling of expectant parents regarding prognosis and perinatal management, so that well-informed decisions can be made.
Using Environmental Litigation to Advance Ecological Restoration under the Convention on Biological Diversity in China
Authors: Rong Zhenzhen
Published: June 2023

In response to unprecedented global biodiversity loss, the obligation of restoration has been integrated into the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD, or Convention). As a Party to the CBD, China has implemented restoration commitments through the ‘National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2011–2030)’. This article focuses on how such commitments have been translated into the Chinese legal framework and environmental litigation, and how environmental litigation can advance ecological restoration. There exist restoration obligations of governments and individuals. When they fail to fulfil their restoration obligations or cause damage to ecosystems, their wrong actions or inactions can be corrected through restoration orders imposed by Chinese courts, namely primary restoration orders and alternative restoration orders. Also, some weaknesses exist due to relying on forcing defendants to pay to restore damaged ecosystems, including that alternative restoration funds could be misappropriated, and the current legal mechanisms could incentivize a ‘license to trash’ style culture.
A market
Authors: Osborne Martin J. , Rubinstein Ariel
Published: June 2023

This chapter, unlike in the previous one, assumes that the ownership of a house is recognized and protected. Each house is initially owned by some individual. Houses can be exchanged only with the mutual consent of both owners; no individual can force another individual to give up her house.

The model allows us to introduce the central economic idea of prices as a means of guiding the individuals to a reallocation of the houses in which no group of individuals want to voluntarily exchange their houses.
A market
Authors: Osborne Martin J. , Rubinstein Ariel
Published: June 2023

This chapter, unlike in the previous one, assumes that the ownership of a house is recognized and protected. Each house is initially owned by some individual. Houses can be exchanged only with the mutual consent of both owners; no individual can force another individual to give up his house.

The model allows us to introduce the central economic idea of prices as a means of guiding the individuals to a reallocation of the houses in which no group of individuals want to voluntarily exchange their houses.
Lagrangian and Eulerian Supersaturation Statistics in Turbulent Cloudy Rayleigh–Bénard Convection: Applications for LES Subgrid Modeling
Authors: Chandrakar Kamal Kant , Morrison Hugh , Shaw Raymond A.
Published: June 2023

Turbulent fluctuations of scalar and velocity fields are critical for cloud microphysical processes, e.g., droplet activation and size distribution evolution, and can therefore influence cloud radiative forcing and precipitation formation. Lagrangian and Eulerian water vapor, temperature, and supersaturation statistics are investigated in direct numerical simulations (DNS) of turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection in the Pi Convection Cloud Chamber to provide a foundation for parameterizing subgrid-scale fluctuations in atmospheric models. A subgrid model for water vapor and temperature variances and covariance and supersaturation variance is proposed, valid for both clear and cloudy conditions. Evaluation of phase change contributions through an a priori test using DNS data shows good performance of the model. Supersaturation is a nonlinear function of temperature and water vapor, and relative external fluxes of water vapor and heat (e.g., during entrainment-mixing and phase change) influence turbulent supersaturation fluctuations. Although supersaturation has autocorrelation and structure functions similar to the independent scalars (temperature and water vapor), the autocorrelation time scale of supersaturation differs. Relative scalar fluxes in DNS without cloud make supersaturation PDFs less skewed than the adiabatic case, where they are highly negatively skewed. However, droplet condensation changes the PDF shape response: it becomes positively skewed for the adiabatic case and negatively skewed when the sidewall relative fluxes are large. Condensation also increases correlations between water vapor and temperature in the presence of relative scalar fluxes but decreases correlations for the adiabatic case. These changes in correlation suppress supersaturation variability for the nonadiabatic cases and increase it for the adiabatic case. Implications of this work for subgrid microphysics modeling using a Lagrangian stochastic scheme are also discussed.
A Surface Radiation Balance Dataset from Siple Dome in West Antarctica for Atmospheric and Climate Model Evaluation
Authors: Lubin Dan , Ghiz Madison L. , Castillo Sergio , Scott Ryan C. , LeBlanc Samuel E. , Silber Israel
Published: June 2023

A field campaign at Siple Dome in West Antarctica during the austral summer 2019/20 offers an opportunity to evaluate climate model performance, particularly cloud microphysical simulation. Over Antarctic ice sheets and ice shelves, clouds are a major regulator of the surface energy balance, and in the warm season their presence occasionally induces surface melt that can gradually weaken an ice shelf structure. This dataset from Siple Dome, obtained using transportable and solar-powered equipment, includes surface energy balance measurements, meteorology, and cloud remote sensing. To demonstrate how these data can be used to evaluate model performance, comparisons are made with meteorological reanalysis known to give generally good performance over Antarctica (ERA5). Surface albedo measurements show expected variability with observed cloud amount, and can be used to evaluate a model’s snowpack parameterization. One case study discussed involves a squall with northerly winds, during which ERA5 fails to produce cloud cover throughout one of the days. A second case study illustrates how shortwave spectroradiometer measurements that encompass the 1.6-μm atmospheric window reveal cloud phase transitions associated with cloud life cycle. Here, continuously precipitating mixed-phase clouds become mainly liquid water clouds from local morning through the afternoon, not reproduced by ERA5. We challenge researchers to run their various regional or global models in a manner that has the large-scale meteorology follow the conditions of this field campaign, compare cloud and radiation simulations with this Siple Dome dataset, and potentially investigate why cloud microphysical simulations or other model components might produce discrepancies with these observations.

significance statement

Antarctica is a critical region for understanding climate change and sea level rise, as the great ice sheets and the ice shelves are subject to increasing risk as global climate warms. Climate models have difficulties over Antarctica, particularly with simulation of cloud properties that regulate snow surface melting or refreezing. Atmospheric and climate-related field work has significant challenges in the Antarctic, due to the small number of research stations that can support state-of-the-art equipment. Here we present new data from a suite of transportable and solar-powered instruments that can be deployed to remote Antarctic sites, including regions where ice shelves are most at risk, and we demonstrate how key components of climate model simulations can be evaluated against these data.
Influence of Underlying Surface Datasets on Simulated Hydrological Variables in the Xijiang River Basin
Authors: Liu Songnan , Wang Jun , Wang Huijun , Ge Shilong
Published: June 2023

Hydrological models play an important role in water resources management and extreme events forecasting, and they are sensitive to the underlying conditions. This study aims to evaluate the impact of different soil-type maps and land-use maps on hydrological simulations and watershed responses by applying the WRF-Hydro (Weather Research and Forecasting Model Hydrological modeling system) distributed hydrological model to the Xijiang River basin. WRF-Hydro runs for four different scenarios for the period 1992–2013. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) and GSDE (Global Soil Dataset for Earth System Science) soil-type maps, and MODIS (Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and CNLUCC (China Land Use Land Cover Remote Sensing Monitoring Dataset) land-use maps are used in this study. These soil-type maps and land-use maps are freely combined to form four scenarios. It is found that soil moisture and surface runoff are sensitive to soil-type maps, and absorbed shortwave radiation is found to be the least sensitive to soil-type maps. Absorbed shortwave radiation and heat flux are sensitive to land-use maps. The model performance of simulating soil moisture has increased when the soil-type map changes from FAO to GSDE and the land-use map changes from MODIS to CNLUCC for most stations. When the soil-type map changes from FAO to GSDE and the land-use map changes from MODIS to CNLUCC, the biases of simulating streamflow decrease. This study shows that the performance of the offline WRF-Hydro is significantly influenced by soil-type and land-use maps, and better simulation results can be obtained with more realistic underlying surface maps.

Significance Statement

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impacts of land-use and soil-type maps on hydrological processes at the watershed scale by applying a distributed hydrological model WRF-Hydro model for the Xijiang River basin and reveal the importance of choosing land-use and soil-type maps. In this study, two soil-type maps and two land-use maps are used. It is found that soil moisture and surface runoff are sensitive to soil-type maps, and absorbed shortwave radiation and heat flux are sensitive to land-use maps. When using GSDE soil-type and CNLUCC land-use maps, the performance of the model is improved. The underlying conditions should be considered when applying the models in practice.
Imaginaries of Dying: The Visual Rhetoric of Stock Images Tagged with “Palliative Care”
Authors: Metzger Gaudenz Urs , Braun Tina
Published: June 2023

In digital culture and its global economy, images circulate transnationally and shape cultural ideas about social and existential issues. While there is growing interest in death online, few studies have investigated the role of visual material in different forms of communication in this field. In this article, we examine the depiction of dying and death in stock photographs tagged with “palliative care” drawing on an image corpus of 618 photographs. Stock photographs are images produced for commercial purposes that are stored in databases by agencies on the Internet. To analyze how these representations depict fictional palliative care settings, we used visual grounded theory. The findings show that typical caregivers are portrayed as emphatic individuals, while patients appear as composed human beings facing death without fear. We argue that the images represent aspects of the modern hospice philosophy and the cultural narrative of healthy aging.
Death Distress and Religiosity Among Spanish Patients Diagnosed With Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Armas-Arráez M. Milagros , Padilla Gustavo M. , Fernández-Mateos Luz M. , Sánchez-Cabaco Antonio
Published: June 2023

Death is a common source of uncertainty and fear for humans. Religious beliefs are among the strategies that alleviate such discomfort. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between Death Distress and religious practices while considering other associated variables (near-death experiences, death of loved ones, and psychiatric diagnoses). The Death Anxiety Scale, Death Depression Scale-Revised, and Death Obsession Scale were administered to 400 Spanish psychiatric outpatients. Anxiety was found to be crucial for the development of Death Distress across all associations. A relation between Death Distress and Catholicism was found, albeit significantly mediated by the frequency of practice.
“Technical Editing and Women Scientists Were Made for Each Other”: Ethaline H. Cortelyou's Career Advice to Women in the Sciences
Authors: Malone Edward A.
Published: June 2023

Chemist Ethaline Cortelyou, a significant figure in the emerging profession of technical communication in the 1950s, became a national mentor to women in the sciences, first leading them into the practice of technical editing and then away from it. This article presents a case study of her awakening to the true nature and cost of the patriarchal workplace and her own complicity in actively supporting sexist assumptions and the status quo. During the Sputnik crisis, Cortelyou recognized and overcame her internalized sexism, revised her advice to young women in the sciences, and became a public advocate of workplace reform.
Gender-Based Salary Differentials Among Administrators in Arizona Community Colleges
Authors: Becker Kristen L. , Beckworth Lea Andrah
Published: June 2023

Objective: This research study examined gender wage equality among administrators across Arizona’s ten community college districts comprising 19 colleges. Method: Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze salary data. Results: All 19 college campuses evidenced differences in median income between 12-month, full-time women and men. However, when disaggregated by job category, median income of women and men was equal in a number of job categories in several institutions, illustrating the complexity of measuring gender wage equality using descriptive statistics. A multiple regression analysis revealed that only three of the 19 community colleges had gender-based salary differentials. Thus, gender wage equality prevails in most Arizona community colleges despite inconsistent salary schedules among the college districts and no state-level oversight. Contributions: Community colleges provide learning opportunities to a heterogeneous population of 5.4 million students annually. Understanding gender-based salary differentials among community college administrators can provide insights into diversity, equity, inclusion, and social justice in higher education.
Income-Related Inequalities in Physical and Cognitive Health Domains Over the Later Life Course: Longitudinal Evidence From the U.S. (1992–2016)
Authors: Cheng Mengling , Sommet Nicolas , Jopp Daniela S. , Spini Dario
Published: June 2023

This study aims to investigate changes in the income–health gradient over the later life course. We test the age-as-leveler, the cumulative advantage/disadvantage, and the persistent inequality pattern for physical and cognitive health domains, and analyze whether these patterns are gendered. We used HRS data (1992–2016) and Poisson growth curve models to predict multimorbidity (33,860 participants) as an indicator of physical health and memory (25,291 participants) as an indicator of cognitive health. We disentangled the within-participant from the between-participant effects. For multimorbidity, the income–health gradient weakened as individuals aged; whereas for memory, the income–health gradient strengthened as individuals aged. The cumulative advantage/disadvantage of higher/lower income on memory may be more pronounced among women than men. Findings were confirmed by sensitivity analyses. Findings suggest that the support for the age-as-leveler or cumulative advantage/disadvantage pattern may depend on health domains and the effect strength may depend on gender.
Processing polarity sensitivity in L2 Spanish
Authors: Seaman Colton , Rincón Herce Leticia , Yamada Aaron
Published: June 2023

Recent studies in the second language acquisition of negation have focused on polarity items and their licensing contexts. Although several studies show a correlation between higher degrees of second language (L2) proficiency and the acquisition of the target L2 structures, less attention has been given to the relation between the acquisition of polarity sensitivity and different types of lexical polarity items. This study addresses this gap in the literature by measuring the processing of polarity-sensitive items under the scope of negation in L2 Spanish. Our findings indicate that learners’ acquisition of polarity sensitivity differs across different types of lexical polarity items.
Simple kinesthetic haptics for object recognition
Authors: Sintov Avishai , Meir Inbar
Published: June 2023

Object recognition is an essential capability when performing various tasks. Humans naturally use either or both visual and tactile perception to extract object class and properties. Typical approaches for robots, however, require complex visual systems or multiple high-density tactile sensors which can be highly expensive. In addition, they usually require actual collection of a large dataset from real objects through direct interaction. In this paper, we propose a kinesthetic-based object recognition method that can be performed with any multi-fingered robotic hand in which the kinematics is known. The method does not require tactile sensors and is based on observing grasps of the objects. We utilize a unique and frame invariant parameterization of grasps to learn instances of object shapes. To train a classifier, training data is generated rapidly and solely in a computational process without interaction with real objects. We then propose and compare between two iterative algorithms that can integrate any trained classifier. The classifiers and algorithms are independent of any particular robot hand and, therefore, can be exerted on various ones. We show in experiments, that with few grasps, the algorithms acquire accurate classification. Furthermore, we show that the object recognition approach is scalable to objects of various sizes. Similarly, a global classifier is trained to identify general geometries (e.g., an ellipsoid or a box) rather than particular ones and demonstrated on a large set of objects. Full scale experiments and analysis are provided to show the performance of the method.
Children as social actors negotiating their privacy in the digital commercial context
Authors: Srivastava Sonali , Wilska Terhi-Anna , Nyrhinen Jussi
Published: June 2023

This study advances research on children’s negotiation of online commercial privacy by identifying an act of digital agency by children that may serve their current needs but can also impact children negatively. Secondly, it identifies certain factors children consider while evaluating the trustworthiness of apps and websites before disclosing information online. Eight focus group discussions with children (13–16 years) in Finland’s capital region are analysed using thematic analysis. Our findings highlight that while children’s digital literacy education is needed, ensuring that education translates to children’s online practices is also essential. We also recommend increasing corporations’ accountability in ensuring children’s privacy.
Time and Punishment: Time Delays Exacerbate the Severity of Third-Party Punishment
Authors: Kundro Timothy G. , Nurmohamed Samir , Kakkar Hemant , Affinito Salvatore J.
Published: June 2023

Punishments are not always administered immediately after a crime is committed. Although scholars and researchers claim that third parties should normatively enact punishments proportionate to a given crime, we contend that third parties punish transgressors more severely when there is a time delay between a transgressor’s crime and when they face punishment for it. We theorize that this occurs because of a perception of unfairness, whereby third parties view the process that led to time delays as unfair. We tested our theory across eight studies, including two archival data sets of 160,772 punishment decisions and six experiments (five preregistered) across 6,029 adult participants. Our results suggest that as time delays lengthen, third parties punish transgressors more severely because of increased perceived unfairness. Importantly, perceived unfairness explained this relationship beyond other alternative mechanisms. We explore potential boundary conditions for this relationship and discuss the implications of our findings.
Critical Issues of Human Resource Management in Ageing Care Centres: Case of Malaysia
Authors: Isa Filzah Md , Noor Shaista , Mohammad Nik Maheran Nik
Published: June 2023

The entire world is progressing towards an ageing population, as, until 2030, 1.4 billion population will be elderly, which leads to 2.1 billion by 2050. The changing lifestyle and the declining fertility rate are main reasons for drastic makeover of economic environment and business issues. This study aims to examine the critical issues of Human Resource Management (HRM) in elderly care sector. The success of a business is associated with employed staff and ‘ human resource’ in elderly care centres entails knowledge, skills, passion, loyalty, and personal traits. A qualitative research strategy is adopted, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 HR executives of elderly care centres throughout Malaysia. Saldana’s structured inductive data analysis method for analysis. The result revealed critical issues of human resource management such as lack of professional and competent workers, absence of flexible and adaptive potential of employees. A recommendation plan is proposed regarding planning, recruitment, selection, training and professional development and supervision, and support of staff. Thus, it is imperative to achieve these objectives of human resource management in elderly care centres to provide graceful ageing to an older adult. The findings of the study may use as a guide for HR executives in elderly care centres.
A Critique of Transmission Communication Models in Introductory Management and Organizational Behavior Textbooks
Authors: Getchell Kristen , Dubinsky James , Lentz Paula
Published: June 2023

Shannon and Weaver’s communication process model is a dominant model used to understand communication between a sender and receiver. The model is used to explain communication in management and organizational behavior textbooks. Despite its proliferation, few studies have examined this model’s role in introductory management and organization behavior texts or critiqued its use in foundational business courses. This paper investigates the role that transmission models such as Shannon and Weaver’s play in communication textbooks and argues that this model, and the way it is used, can be limiting for students when they are trying to understand the dynamic nature of communication in organizations. The authors call for more critical reflection on teaching communication to management students.
A Teacher’s Toolkit for Assessment When Implementing Data-Based Individualization in Mathematics
Authors: Park Soyoung , Stecker Pamela M. , Powell Sarah R.
Published: June 2023

This article provides teachers with a toolkit for assessing students in the context of data-based individualization (DBI) in mathematics. Assessing students is a critical component of DBI because it provides teachers with information about what they may need to modify in their instructional programs. In this article, we provide teachers with step-by-step procedures for assessing students within the DBI process, including selecting an appropriate progress-monitoring tool, collecting baseline data, and analyzing graphed data to determine whether a student is making adequate progress. In addition, diagnostic assessment is discussed to help teachers target instructional priorities based on student needs. Providing a toolkit for assessment and supplementary resources should enable teachers to use DBI procedures more effectively and, ultimately, to boost students’ mathematics achievement.
Using Data to Support College and Career Readiness for Students With Disabilities
Authors: Taconet Ashley , Langdon Shannon , Esposito Christopher , Mazzotti Valerie L. , Morningstar Mary E. , Lombardi Allison
Published: June 2023

College and career readiness is crucial to success in postsecondary education, employment, and independent living. The College and Career Readiness for Transition (CCR4T) assessment is valid and reliable and can assist in transition planning for students with disabilities. The CCR4T assessment was designed for planning with students with and without disabilities. This article aims to provide an overview of this assessment and demonstrate how secondary educators and other stakeholders can use the data gathered to make decisions and inform the Individualized Education Program (IEP) as an age-appropriate transition assessment for youth with disabilities.
Discrimination, Mental Health, and Readiness to Quit Smoking
Authors: Jones-Patten Alexandria , Shin Sanghyuk S. , Bounds Dawn T. , Nyamathi Adeline
Published: June 2023

We conducted a cross-sectional study, examining the mediation effects of depression and anxiety on the association between discrimination and readiness to quit cigarette smoking among African American adult cigarette smokers experiencing homelessness. Using a convenience sample, participants were recruited from a homeless shelter in Southern California. Scores of discrimination, depressive, and anxiety symptoms, and readiness to quit smoking were analyzed using linear regression modeling. We enrolled 100 participants; 58 participants were male. In the final model, discrimination had no association with readiness to quit ( b = 0.02; 95% CI [−0.04, 0.08]; p = 0.47). The indirect effects of depression ( b = 0.04, [0.01, 0.07]; p = 0.02) and anxiety ( b = 0.03; [0.01, 0.05]; p = 0.04) reached statistical significance; the direct effects of depression ( b = −0.01; [−0.09, 0.04]; p = 0.70) and anxiety ( b = −0.00; [−0.09, 0.06]; p = 0.86) did not. Future studies should explore these associations to enhance smoking cessation programs for this population.
Inservice Music Teachers’ Vernacular Practices: A Self-Study of Curricular Application
Authors: Kruse Nathan B.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this self-study was to explore how a college-level vernacular music course might have played a part in shaping inservice music educators’ teaching practices. Nineteen music teachers who graduated from the same teacher preparation program completed a 23-item researcher-constructed questionnaire that identified how they viewed, incorporated, and negotiated vernacular music practices in their classrooms. Overall, participants indicated that incorporating vernacular approaches in school music programs was important and that the vernacular music course positively impacted how they conceptualized music teaching. Participants reported including a wide variety of informal learning activities that involved technology, aural learning, and student-directed music projects. Conversely, participants identified time limitations, lack of resources, classroom management, and performance tensions as distinct challenges. Future directions include documenting turning points in students’ vernacular learning, monitoring curricular changes in PK–12 music programs, and fortifying preservice music teachers’ preparation in multimusical learning.
Symptomatic Deep Vein Thrombosis Associated With Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters of Different Diameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bahl Amit , Alsbrooks Kimberly , Gala Smeet , Hoerauf Klaus
Published: June 2023

We assessed the relationship between peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) diameters and symptomatic deep vein thrombosis (DVT) rates. We conducted a systematic search for articles published between 2010 and 2021 reporting DVT incidence by catheter diameter in patients who had a PICC, followed by meta-analyses for DVT risk in each diameter group. Pooled DVT rates were incorporated into an economic model. Of 1627 abstracts screened, 47 studies were included. The primary meta-analysis of 40 studies demonstrated the incidence of DVT was 0.89%, 3.26%, 5.46%, and 10.66% for 3, 4, 5, and 6 French (Fr) PICCs ( P  =  .01 between 4 and 5 Fr). Rates of DVT were not significantly different between oncology and nononcology patients ( P  =  .065 for 4 Fr and P  =  .99 for 5 Fr). The DVT rate was 5.08% for ICU patients and 4.58% for non-ICU patients ( P  =  .65). The economic model demonstrated an annual, incremental cost savings of US$114 053 for every 5% absolute reduction in 6 Fr PICCs use. Using the smallest PICC that meets the patients’ clinical needs may help to mitigate risks and confer savings.
Permanent Supportive Housing Receipt and Health Care Use Among Adults With Disabilities
Authors: Grove Lexie R. , Berkowitz Seth A. , Cuddeback Gary , Pink George H. , Stearns Sally Clark , Stürmer Til , Domino Marisa Elena
Published: June 2023

This study assessed whether permanent supportive housing (PSH) participation is associated with health service use among a population of adults with disabilities, including people transitioning into PSH from community and institutional settings. Our primary data sources were 2014 to 2018 secondary data from a PSH program in North Carolina linked to Medicaid claims. We used propensity score weighting to estimate the average treatment effect on the treated of PSH participation. All models were stratified by whether individuals were in institutional or community settings prior to PSH. In weighted analyses, among individuals who were institutionalized prior to PSH, PSH participation was associated with greater hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits and fewer primary care visits during the follow-up period, compared with similar individuals who largely remained institutionalized. Individuals who entered PSH from community settings did not have significantly different health service use from similar comparison group members during the 12-month follow-up period.