bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Galectin-3 favours tumour metastasis via the activation of β-catenin signalling in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Song Mengjia , Pan Qiuzhong , Yang Jieying , He Junyi , Zeng Jianxiong , Cheng Shaoyan , Huang Yue , Zhou Zi-Qi , Zhu Qian , Yang Chaopin , Han Yulong , Tang Yan , Chen Hao , Weng De-Sheng , Xia Jian-Chuan
Published: August 2020

Background

High probability of metastasis limited the long-term survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous study revealed that Galectin-3 was closely associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients.

Methods

The effects of Galectin-3 on tumour metastasis were investigated in vitro and in vivo, and the underlying biological and molecular mechanisms involved in this process were evaluated.

Results

Galectin-3 showed a close correlation with vascular invasion and poor survival in a large-scale study in HCC patients from multiple sets. Galectin-3 was significantly involved in diverse metastasis-related processes in HCC cells, such as angiogenesis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, Galectin-3 activated the PI3K-Akt-GSK-3β-β-catenin signalling cascade; the β-catenin/TCF4 transcriptional complex directly targeted IGFBP3 and vimentin to regulate angiogenesis and EMT, respectively. In animal models, Galectin-3 enhanced the tumorigenesis and metastasis of HCC cells via β-catenin signalling. Moreover, molecular deletion of Galectin-3-β-catenin signalling synergistically improved the antitumour effect of sorafenib.

Conclusions

The Galectin-3-β-catenin-IGFBP3/vimentin signalling cascade was determined as a central mechanism controlling HCC metastasis, providing possible biomarkers for predicating vascular metastasis and sorafenib resistance, as well as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of HCC patients.
Identifying proteins bound to native mitotic ESC chromosomes reveals chromatin repressors are important for compaction
Authors: Djeghloul Dounia , Patel Bhavik , Kramer Holger , Dimond Andrew , Whilding Chad , Brown Karen , Kohler Anne-Céline , Feytout Amelie , Veland Nicolas , Elliott James , Bharat Tanmay A. M. , Tarafder Abul K. , Löwe Jan , Ng Bee L. , Guo Ya , Guy Jacky , Huseyin Miles K. , Klose Robert J. , Merkenschlager Matthias , Fisher Amanda G.
Published: August 2020

Epigenetic information is transmitted from mother to daughter cells through mitosis. Here, to identify factors that might play a role in conveying epigenetic memory through cell division, we report on the isolation of unfixed, native chromosomes from metaphase-arrested cells using flow cytometry and perform LC-MS/MS to identify chromosome-bound proteins. A quantitative proteomic comparison between metaphase-arrested cell lysates and chromosome-sorted samples reveals a cohort of proteins that were significantly enriched on mitotic ESC chromosomes. These include pluripotency-associated transcription factors, repressive chromatin-modifiers such as PRC2 and DNA methyl-transferases, and proteins governing chromosome architecture. Deletion of PRC2, Dnmt1/3a/3b or Mecp2 in ESCs leads to an increase in the size of individual mitotic chromosomes, consistent with de-condensation. Similar results were obtained by the experimental cleavage of cohesin. Thus, we identify chromosome-bound factors in pluripotent stem cells during mitosis and reveal that PRC2, DNA methylation and Mecp2 are required to maintain chromosome compaction.
HIF-1α and HIF-2α differently regulate tumour development and inflammation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma in mice
Authors: Hoefflin Rouven , Harlander Sabine , Schäfer Silvia , Metzger Patrick , Kuo Fengshen , Schönenberger Désirée , Adlesic Mojca , Peighambari Asin , Seidel Philipp , Chen Chia-yi , Consenza-Contreras Miguel , Jud Andreas , Lahrmann Bernd , Grabe Niels , Heide Danijela , Uhl Franziska M. , Chan Timothy A. , Duyster Justus , Zeiser Robert , Schell Christoph , Heikenwalder Mathias , Schilling Oliver , Hakimi A. Ari , Boerries Melanie , Frew Ian J.
Published: August 2020

Mutational inactivation of VHL is the earliest genetic event in the majority of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC), leading to accumulation of the HIF-1α and HIF-2α transcription factors. While correlative studies of human ccRCC and functional studies using human ccRCC cell lines have implicated HIF-1α as an inhibitor and HIF-2α as a promoter of aggressive tumour behaviours, their roles in tumour onset have not been functionally addressed. Herein we show using an autochthonous ccRCC model that Hif1a is essential for tumour formation whereas Hif2a deletion has only minor effects on tumour initiation and growth. Both HIF-1α and HIF-2α are required for the clear cell phenotype. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal that HIF-1α regulates glycolysis while HIF-2α regulates genes associated with lipoprotein metabolism, ribosome biogenesis and E2F and MYC transcriptional activities. HIF-2α-deficient tumours are characterised by increased antigen presentation, interferon signalling and CD8+ T cell infiltration and activation. Single copy loss of HIF1A or high levels of HIF2A mRNA expression correlate with altered immune microenvironments in human ccRCC. These studies reveal an oncogenic role of HIF-1α in ccRCC initiation and suggest that alterations in the balance of HIF-1α and HIF-2α activities can affect different aspects of ccRCC biology and disease aggressiveness.
Selective inhibition of STAT3 signaling using monobodies targeting the coiled-coil and N-terminal domains
Authors: La Sala Grégory , Michiels Camille , Kükenshöner Tim , Brandstoetter Tania , Maurer Barbara , Koide Akiko , Lau Kelvin , Pojer Florence , Koide Shohei , Sexl Veronika , Dumoutier Laure , Hantschel Oliver
Published: August 2020

The transcription factor STAT3 is frequently activated in human solid and hematological malignancies and remains a challenging therapeutic target with no approved drugs to date. Here, we develop synthetic antibody mimetics, termed monobodies, to interfere with STAT3 signaling. These monobodies are highly selective for STAT3 and bind with nanomolar affinity to the N-terminal and coiled-coil domains. Interactome analysis detects no significant binding to other STATs or additional off-target proteins, confirming their exquisite specificity. Intracellular expression of monobodies fused to VHL, an E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate receptor, results in degradation of endogenous STAT3. The crystal structure of STAT3 in complex with monobody MS3-6 reveals bending of the coiled-coil domain, resulting in diminished DNA binding and nuclear translocation. MS3-6 expression strongly inhibits STAT3-dependent transcriptional activation and disrupts STAT3 interaction with the IL-22 receptor. Therefore, our study establishes innovative tools to interfere with STAT3 signaling by different molecular mechanisms.
Deployable CRISPR-Cas13a diagnostic tools to detect and report Ebola and Lassa virus cases in real-time
Authors: Barnes Kayla G. , Lachenauer Anna E. , Nitido Adam , Siddiqui Sameed , Gross Robin , Beitzel Brett , Siddle Katherine J. , Freije Catherine A. , Dighero-Kemp Bonnie , Mehta Samar B. , Carter Amber , Uwanibe Jessica , Ajogbasile Fehintola , Olumade Testimony , Odia Ikponmwosa , Sandi John Demby , Momoh Mambu , Metsky Hayden C. , Boehm Chloe K. , Lin Aaron E. , Kemball Molly , Park Daniel J. , Branco Luis , Boisen Matt , Sullivan Brian , Amare Mihret F. , Tiamiyu Abdulwasiu B. , Parker Zahra F. , Iroezindu Michael , Grant Donald S. , Modjarrad Kayvon , Myhrvold Cameron , Garry Robert F. , Palacios Gustavo , Hensley Lisa E. , Schaffner Stephen F. , Happi Christian T. , Colubri Andres , Sabeti Pardis C.
Published: August 2020

Recent outbreaks of viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs), including Ebola virus disease (EVD) and Lassa fever (LF), highlight the urgent need for sensitive, deployable tests to diagnose these devastating human diseases. Here we develop CRISPR-Cas13a-based (SHERLOCK) diagnostics targeting Ebola virus (EBOV) and Lassa virus (LASV), with both fluorescent and lateral flow readouts. We demonstrate on laboratory and clinical samples the sensitivity of these assays and the capacity of the SHERLOCK platform to handle virus-specific diagnostic challenges. We perform safety testing to demonstrate the efficacy of our HUDSON protocol in heat-inactivating VHF viruses before SHERLOCK testing, eliminating the need for an extraction. We develop a user-friendly protocol and mobile application (HandLens) to report results, facilitating SHERLOCK’s use in endemic regions. Finally, we successfully deploy our tests in Sierra Leone and Nigeria in response to recent outbreaks.
Author Correction: In situ 3D-patterning of electrospun fibers using two-layer composite materials
Authors: Creighton R. L. , Phan J. , Woodrow K. A.
Published: August 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Development and validation of a sample entropy-based method to identify complex patient-ventilator interactions during mechanical ventilation
Authors: Sarlabous Leonardo , Aquino-Esperanza José , Magrans Rudys , de Haro Candelaria , López-Aguilar Josefina , Subirà Carles , Batlle Montserrat , Rué Montserrat , Gomà Gemma , Ochagavia Ana , Fernández Rafael , Blanch Lluís
Published: August 2020

Patient-ventilator asynchronies can be detected by close monitoring of ventilator screens by clinicians or through automated algorithms. However, detecting complex patient-ventilator interactions (CP-VI), consisting of changes in the respiratory rate and/or clusters of asynchronies, is a challenge. Sample Entropy (SE) of airway flow (SE-Flow) and airway pressure (SE-Paw) waveforms obtained from 27 critically ill patients was used to develop and validate an automated algorithm for detecting CP-VI. The algorithm’s performance was compared versus the gold standard (the ventilator’s waveform recordings for CP-VI were scored visually by three experts; Fleiss’ kappa = 0.90 (0.87–0.93)). A repeated holdout cross-validation procedure using the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) as a measure of effectiveness was used for optimization of different combinations of SE settings (embedding dimension, m, and tolerance value, r), derived SE features (mean and maximum values), and the thresholds of change (Th) from patient’s own baseline SE value. The most accurate results were obtained using the maximum values of SE-Flow (m = 2, r = 0.2, Th = 25%) and SE-Paw (m = 4, r = 0.2, Th = 30%) which report MCCs of 0.85 (0.78–0.86) and 0.78 (0.78–0.85), and accuracies of 0.93 (0.89–0.93) and 0.89 (0.89–0.93), respectively. This approach promises an improvement in the accurate detection of CP-VI, and future study of their clinical implications.
Comprehensive metabolomic analysis of first-trimester serum identifies biomarkers of early-onset hypertensive disorder of pregnancy
Authors: Kyozuka Hyo , Fukuda Toma , Murata Tsuyoshi , Endo Yuta , Kanno Aya , Yasuda Shun , Yamaguchi Akiko , Ono Miho , Sato Akiko , Hashimoto Koichi , Fujimori Keiya
Published: August 2020

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) lead to the death of approximately 30,000 women annually, and the identification of biomarkers to predict their onset before symptom occurrence is crucial. Here, we aimed to identify the first-trimester maternal serum biomarkers for predicting early-onset HDP via a comprehensive metabolomic analysis. This study was conducted by the Fukushima Regional Center as an adjunct study to the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. The study comprised 12 patients with early-onset HDP and 12 control subjects with healthy pregnancy whose medical background information was matched with that of the patients by propensity-score matching. Capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry-based quantitative analysis of charged metabolites were performed with the first-trimester maternal serum samples. Welch’st-test was used to analyse metabolite peak areas in the two groups. A total of 166 charged metabolites were identified. The peak area of N-dimethylglycine and S-methylcysteine was significantly higher in the first-trimester serum of patients with early-onset HDP than in the controls. Conversely, the peak area of munic acid was significantly decreased in the serum of patients with early-onset HDP. Although we identified potential biomarkers for the prediction and diagnosis of early-onset HDP, no clear marker was identified because of a low statistical power.
2-Nitroimidazoles induce mitochondrial stress and ferroptosis in glioma stem cells residing in a hypoxic niche
Authors: Koike Naoyoshi , Kota Ryuichi , Naito Yoshiko , Hayakawa Noriyo , Matsuura Tomomi , Hishiki Takako , Onishi Nobuyuki , Fukada Junichi , Suematsu Makoto , Shigematsu Naoyuki , Saya Hideyuki , Sampetrean Oltea
Published: August 2020

Under hypoxic conditions, nitroimidazoles can replace oxygen as electron acceptors, thereby enhancing the effects of radiation on malignant cells. These compounds also accumulate in hypoxic cells, where they can act as cytotoxins or imaging agents. However, whether these effects apply to cancer stem cells has not been sufficiently explored. Here we show that the 2-nitroimidazole doranidazole potentiates radiation-induced DNA damage in hypoxic glioma stem cells (GSCs) and confers a significant survival benefit in mice harboring GSC-derived tumors in radiotherapy settings. Furthermore, doranidazole and misonidazole, but not metronidazole, manifested radiation-independent cytotoxicity for hypoxic GSCs that was mediated by ferroptosis induced partially through blockade of mitochondrial complexes I and II and resultant metabolic alterations in oxidative stress responses. Doranidazole also limited the growth of GSC-derived subcutaneous tumors and that of tumors in orthotopic brain slices. Our results thus reveal the theranostic potential of 2-nitroimidazoles as ferroptosis inducers that enable targeting GSCs in their hypoxic niche.
A plasma separator with a multifunctional deformable chamber equipped with a porous membrane for point-of-care diagnostics
Authors: Qiu Xianbo , Jiang Huiqin , Zhang Xiaolei , Li Ke , Ge Shengxiang , Xia Ningshao , Mauk Michael G.
Published: August 2020

For point-of-care testing, a membrane-assisted, sedimentation-facilitated plasma separator with a multifunctional deformable chamber is developed to perform plasma separation from undiluted whole blood in a short time.
Aggregation-driven fluorescence quenching of imidazole-functionalized perylene diimide for urea sensing
Authors: Cho Junghyun , Keum Changjoon , Lee Sang-Guk , Lee Sang-Yup
Published: August 2020

The concentration of urea in urine was determined by aggregation-driven fluorescence quenching of the imidazole-conjugated perylene diimides triggered by the enzymatic urea hydrolysis.
A fluorescence sensing method for brilliant blue with gold nanoclusters based on the inner filter effect
Authors: Liu Haijian , Wang Miao , Li Zhenxiang , Xin Chengjie , Huang Guofu
Published: August 2020

Due to the inner filter effect (IFE) between Brilliant Blue (BB) and gold nanoclusters (AuNCs), a simple and rapid approach for BB detection was developed.
A modular approach for dCas9-mediated enzyme cascading via orthogonal bioconjugation
Authors: Berckman Emily A. , Chen Wilfred
Published: August 2020

We report a new modular strategy to assemble dCas9-guided enzyme cascades by employing orthogonal post-translation chemistry to enable the one-pot bioconjugation and guided assembly of two different dCas9 enzymes onto a DNA scaffold.
A general route of fluoride coating on the cyclability regularity of high-voltage NCM cathodes
Authors: Xie Huixian , Liang Ziyang , Luo Dong , Zhang Yaping , Ding Xiaokai , Cui Jiaxiang , Zhang Zuhao , Lin Zhan
Published: August 2020

Only when a fluoride coating synchronously possesses a fluoride suspension with an appropriate pH and a small metal cation ionic radius, can it provide strong interface protection for excellent cyclic stability of high-voltage NCM cathodes.
Prediction of stable energetic beryllium pentazolate salt under ambient conditions
Authors: Wang Zhixiu , Yang Tao , Yang Bingchao , Yi Wencai
Published: August 2020

The most stable BeN10 salt was directly predicted at atmospheric pressure, and the energy density is up to 5.36 kJ g−1.
Hydrothermal synthesis of Bi@Bi4Ti3O12 nanosheets with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Bao Liang , Bao Qingyu , Jiang Wan , Xu Gang
Published: August 2020

The (Bi2O2)2+ slabs undergo repeated exfoliation and recrystallization process, leaving the unstable Bi ions deposited on the Bi4Ti3O12 nanosheets.
A modelling algorithm for amorphous covalent triazine-based polymers
Authors: Song Ce , Hu Fangyuan , Meng Zhaoliang , Li Shengming , Zhang Tianpeng , Shao Wenlong , Liu Siyang , Jian Xigao
Published: August 2020

This work proposes an effective modelling algorithm to explore the atomistic structures of amorphous covalent triazine-based polymers by molecular simulations.
All-perylene-derivative for white light emitting diodes
Authors: Pereira-Andrade E. , Brum S. M. , Policarpo E. M. C. , Gautam S. K. , Plantevin O. , Lara L. R. S. , Stumpf H. O. , Azevedo G. M. , Mazzoni M. S. C. , Cury L. A. , Malachias A. , do Pim W. D. , Sáfar G. A. M.
Published: August 2020

Tb(H3PTC)3PTCDAAn organic-based bright white light emitting compound, namely Tb(H3PTC)3, able to be used as part of a WOLED and as a part of a RGB system that can withstand high temperatures (∼700 K), is developed using PTCDA and Tb(NO3)3·5H2O as precursors by hydrothermal synthesis.
Photodesorption mechanism of water on WO3(001) – a combined embedded cluster, computational intelligence and wave packet approach
Authors: Teusch Thomas , Klüner Thorsten
Published: August 2020

Predicting photodesorption with CASSCF, artificial intelligence and wave packet dynamics.
Identifying and explaining vibrational modes of quinacridones via temperature-resolved terahertz spectroscopy: absorption experiments and solid-state density functional theory simulations
Authors: Squires A. D. , Zaczek Adam J. , Lewis R. A. , Korter Timothy M.
Published: August 2020

New spectral features and anomalous shifting of vibrational modes of beta quinacridone are revealed, unusual thermal contraction the likely origin.
Collision-driven state-changing efficiency of different buffer gases in cold traps: He(1S), Ar(1S) and p-H2(1Σ) on trapped CN−(1Σ)
Authors: González-Sánchez Lola , Yurtsever Ersin , Mant Barry P. , Wester Roland , Gianturco Franco A.
Published: August 2020

Views of quantum potentials for CN− with He and Ar. Dynamics of the anion's rotational state-changes models cooling kinetics for either buffer gases in cold traps.
Advances in the synthesis, characterisation, and mechanistic understanding of active sites in Fe-zeolites for redox catalysts
Authors: Bols Max L. , Rhoda Hannah M. , Snyder Benjamin E. R. , Solomon Edward I. , Pierloot Kristine , Schoonheydt Robert A. , Sels Bert F.
Published: August 2020

Strategies for further research and developments on active sites in Fe-zeolites for redox catalysis.
Copper sulfide nanoparticles suppress Gibberella fujikuroi infection in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by multiple mechanisms: contact-mortality, nutritional modulation and phytohormone regulation
Authors: Shang Heping , Ma Chuanxin , Li Chunyang , White Jason C. , Polubesova Tamara , Chefetz Benny , Xing Baoshan
Published: August 2020

This study demonstrates that synthesized copper sulfide nanoparticles with a rapid Cu dissolution rate can suppress Gibberella fujikuroi infection in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
Review of recent advances in the biodegradability of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) bioplastics and their composites
Authors: Meereboer Kjeld W. , Misra Manjusri , Mohanty Amar K.
Published: August 2020

Poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s (PHAs) represent a promising solution to allay climate change and plastic waste pollution. Being both completely bio-based and biodegradable, PHAs can approach a carbon neutral platform whereas petroleum-based plastics cannot.
Green electrochemical redox mediation for valuable metal extraction and recycling from industrial waste
Authors: Xue Yudong , Wang Yunting
Published: August 2020

This review highlights innovative green electrochemical processes for extracting and recycling valuable metals from industrial waste.
Sustainable oxidative cleavage of catechols for the synthesis of muconic acid and muconolactones including lignin upgrading
Authors: Coupé Florentin , Petitjean Laurène , Anastas Paul T. , Caijo Frédéric , Escande Vincent , Darcel Christophe
Published: August 2020

Performic acid combined with an iron catalyst cleaved a variety of catechols allowing efficient lignin upgrading into high value products.
Dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene™) as a bio-renewable solvent for Cu(0)wire-mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) without external deoxygenation
Authors: Marathianos Arkadios , Liarou Evelina , Hancox Ellis , Grace James L. , Lester Daniel W. , Haddleton David M.
Published: August 2020

Biorenewable dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene™) is used as an effective dipolar aprotic solvent for Cu(0) wire-mediated RDRP of various monomers without external deoxygenation being applied.
Fine-tuning of LA-ICP-QMS conditions for elemental mapping
Authors: van Elteren Johannes T. , Metarapi Dino , Šala Martin , Šelih Vid S. , Stremtan Ciprian C.
Published: August 2020

For high-speed elemental mapping, LA-ICP-QMS conditions such as scanning speed, repetition rate and acquisition time are optimized as a function of the dosage and the washout time.
Promising functional two-dimensional lamellar metal thiophosphates: synthesis strategies, properties and applications
Authors: Zhu Min , Kou Huari , Wang Ke , Wu Hu , Ding Dawei , Zhou Guijiang , Ding Shujiang
Published: August 2020

MPS3 exhibits great potential in many fields.
The ancient roots of nicotianamine: diversity, role, regulation and evolution of nicotianamine-like metallophores
Authors: Laffont Clémentine , Arnoux Pascal
Published: August 2020

Nicotianamine (NA) is a metabolite synthesized by all plants, in which it is involved in the homeostasis of different micronutrients such as iron, nickel or zinc. In some plants it also serves as a precursor of phytosiderophores, which are used for extracellular iron scavenging. Previous studies have also established the presence of NA in filamentous fungi and some mosses, whereas an analogue of NA was inferred in an archaeon. More recently, opine-type metallophores with homology to NA were uncovered in bacteria, especially in human pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Yersinia pestis, synthesizing respectively staphylopine, pseudopaline and yersinopine. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding the discovery, biosynthesis, function and regulation of these metallophores. We also discuss the genomic environment of the cntL gene, which is homologous to the plant NA synthase (NAS) gene, and plays a central role in the synthesis of NA-like metallophores. This reveals a large diversity of biosynthetic, export and import pathways. Using sequence similarity networks, we uncovered that these metallophores are widespread in numerous bacteria thriving in very different environments, such as those living at the host–pathogen interface, but also in the soil. We additionally established a phylogeny of the NAS/cntL gene and, as a result, we propose that this gene is an ancient gene and NA, or its derivatives, is an ancient metallophore that played a prominent role in metal acquisition or metal resistance. Indeed, our phylogenetic analysis suggests an evolutionary model where the possibility to synthesize this metallophore was present early in the appearance of life, although it was later lost by most living microorganisms, unless facing metal starvation such as at the host–pathogen interface or in some soils. According to our model, NA then re-emerged as a central metabolite for metal homeostasis in fungi, mosses and all known higher plants.
A few-layer graphene for advanced composite PVDF membranes dedicated to water desalination: a comparative study
Authors: Frappa M. , Del Rio Castillo A. E. , Macedonio F. , Politano A. , Drioli E. , Bonaccorso F. , Pellegrini V. , Gugliuzza A.
Published: August 2020

Better-quality few-layer graphene is prepared for the enhanced performance of nanocomposite membranes dedicated to desalination through a membrane distillation process.
One-pot synthesis of Fe2O3/Y2O3@TNS for enhanced photocatalytic and adsorption properties
Authors: Wu Pei , Zhao Xiaona , Li Chunhe , Yang Minchen , Li Guojun , Zhang Siyi , Ming Julan , Liu Min , Qian Zhouhai , Fang Pengfei
Published: August 2020

TiO2-based nanosheets (TNS) modified with Fe2O3 and Y2O3 particles (Fe2O3/Y2O3@TNS), possessing a laminar structure with large specific surface area of 382 m2 g−1, were synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal method.
Fabrication of a functionalized magnetic covalent organic framework composite as an efficient adsorbent for sulfonamide extraction from food samples
Authors: Liu Jichao , Li Guoliang , Wu Di , Zhang Xianlong , Hu Liangbin , Liu Jianghua
Published: August 2020

A carboxyl group functionalized magnetic covalent organic framework as an adsorbent to extract sulfonamides from meat samples was proposed.
Regio- and enantioselective ring-opening reaction of vinylcyclopropanes with indoles under cooperative catalysis
Authors: Wan Xiao , Sun Meng , Wang Jing-Yi , Yu Lei , Wu Qiong , Zhang Yu-Chen , Shi Feng
Published: August 2020

The title reaction has been established under the cooperative bimetallic catalysis of iridium and copper catalysts, which afforded indole C3-allylation products with branched selectivity in moderate yields and good enantioselectivities.
Determination of the glycoprotein specificity of lectins on cell membranes through oxidative proteomics
Authors: Xie Yixuan , Sheng Ying , Li Qiongyu , Ju Seunghye , Reyes Joe , Lebrilla Carlito B.
Published: August 2020

A lectin proximity oxidative labeling (Lectin PROXL) tool was developed to identify cell surface glycoproteins that contain glycans that are recognized by lectins.
Trimming the π bridge of microporous frameworks for bidentate anchoring of polysulfides to stabilize lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Xu Jie , Tang Weiqiang , Yu Fengtao , Zhao Shuangliang , Niu Dongfang , Zhang Xinsheng , Xin Zhong , Chen Renjie
Published: August 2020

A π bridge trimming strategy of the semiconducting microporous framework (SMF) for redox-enhanced and dendrite-free Li–S batteries.
pH responsive zwitterionic-to-cationic transition for safe self-defensive antibacterial application
Authors: Zhang Jing , Liu Lei , Wang Lu , Zhu Wenhe , Wang Huiyan
Published: August 2020

UV-induced grafting is used to construct an amphiphilic antibacterial surface that can transform from antifouling to sterilization under the conditions of bacterial metabolism and acid production.
Surface functionalization – a new functional dimension added to 3D printing
Authors: Jiang Pan , Ji Zhongying , Wang Xiaolong , Zhou Feng
Published: August 2020

Various requirements for 3D printing raised by actual applications in different fields have provoked the rapid development of technologies together with various specific materials.
Near-infrared fluorescent organic porous crystal that responds to solvent vapors
Authors: Ishi-i Tsutomu , Tanaka Honoka , Koga Himiko , Tanaka Yuuma , Matsumoto Taisuke
Published: August 2020

Creation of a near-IR porous florescent crystal by noncovalent synthesis based on the self-assembly of donor–acceptor dye and its development into a solvent vapor-responsive fluorescence system were studied.
Identifying key residues and key interactions for the binding of LEAP2 to receptor GHSR1a
Authors: Li Hao-Zheng , Shou Li-Li , Shao Xiao-Xia , Liu Ya-Li , Xu Zeng-Guang , Guo Zhan-Yun
Published: August 2020

Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) was recently identified as a competitive antagonist for the G protein-coupled receptor GHSR1a, the cognate receptor for the gastric peptide ghrelin. LEAP2 plays important functions in energy metabolism by tuning the ghrelin–GHSR1a system. However, the molecular mechanism by which LEAP2 binds to GHSR1a is largely unknown. In the present study, we first conducted alanine-scanning mutagenesis on the N-terminal fragment of human LEAP2 and demonstrated that the positively charged Arg6 and the aromatic Phe4 are essential for LEAP2 binding to GHSR1a. To identify the receptor residues interacting with the essential Arg6 and Phe4 of LEAP2, we conducted extensive site-directed mutagenesis on GHSR1a. After all conserved negatively charged residues in the extracellular regions of human GHSR1a were mutated, only mutation of Asp99 caused much more detriments to GHSR1a binding to LEAP2 than binding to ghrelin, suggesting that the absolutely conserved Asp99 of GHSR1a probably interacts with the essential Arg6 of LEAP2. After five conserved Phe residues in the predicted ligand-binding pocket of human GHSR1a were mutated, three of them were identified as important for GHSR1a binding to LEAP2. According to a structural model of GHSR1a, we deduced that the adjacent Phe279 and Phe312 might interact with the essential Phe4 of LEAP2, while Phe119 might interact with the aromatic Trp5 of LEAP2. The present study provided new insights into the interaction of LEAP2 with its receptor, and would facilitate the design of novel ligands for GHSR1a in future studies.
Geometrically driven liquid wicking: numerical study and experimental validation
Authors: Abbaspour Nima , Beltrame Philippe , Néel Marie-Christine , Schulz Volker
Published: August 2020

Liquid film or drop wicking on solid surface without any external energy input is highly desirable in specific industrial processes. This paper proposes a numerical study of the dynamics of liquid wicking on geometrically structured flat surface. We consider structures deduced from flat surface by super-imposing a series of identical parallel channels, the ensemble being made of the same material. Channels exhibit arrow-shaped patterns. We analyse drop wicking on such a structure using numerical simulation and experiment. Both approaches reveal non symmetric wicking clearly exhibiting a privileged direction. The simulation captures the evolution of the liquid/air interface at smaller time scales and reveals wicking with rapid pulses suggested by the experiment.
A critical role of aluminium on austenite formation in high aluminium added steels
Authors: Chen Peng , Fu Jian , Yang Jingkuan , Li Xiaowu
Published: August 2020

Novel alloys with high aluminium addition have been developed recently for the new concepts of δ-TRIP, δ-QP and some other high-aluminium low-density steels. The aluminium addition dramatically affects the thermodynamics and kinetics of the formation of austenite. In the present study, the effect of aluminium on the initial microstructure of ferrite and pearlite has been investigated. The equilibrium prediction of phase fraction by thermodynamics calculations is in accordance with the measured austenite fraction during isothermal at intercritical temperature range; both results strongly demonstrate a significant influence of aluminium addition on intercritical region. The isothermal transformation of high aluminium steel during intercritical annealing was delayed, which has an instruction for process design of the industrial continuous annealing and galvanization. The austenite formation during heating in intercritical region was also obviously affected by aluminium addition. The transformation kinetics simulation conducted by DICTRA simulation, as well as the experimental results of dilatometry, indicate a delayed austenite transformation during heating process.
Analysis of the potential use of Trombe walls in Brazil: design recommendations
Authors: de Melo Sá Cavalcanti Fernando Antonio , Caram Rosana Maria
Published: August 2020

In this paper, the thermal performance of a standard environment was evaluated based on the use of a Trombe wall with different configurations and types of use, as the potential for using this passive strategy is still little studied in Brazil. This device is capable of absorbing energy from solar radiation by heating the air in this greenhouse and this heated air can be directed to the interior or exterior of the building depending on the purpose. This air can be used to heat the room or cool it by means of natural ventilation. The analysis of this research was based on a series of computer simulations using the EnergyPlus software, version 7.0 in order to quantify and classify the thermal performance of a standard environment equipped with this component, under the various construction configurations. Both for heating and cooling environments. The use of Trombe walls improved the thermal comfort of users in buildings located in Brazil, depending on the climate where they are located, promoting natural ventilation and passive solar heating, allowing the potential of this device to be investigated in the most diverse Brazilian regions.
Verhaltenssüchte in der ICD-11
Authors: Rumpf Hans-Jürgen , Brandt Dominique
Published: August 2020

Ziel Der Beitrag stellt die Verortung von Verhaltenssüchten in
der ICD-11 dar und gibt einen Ausblick auf die zukünftige
Entwicklung.

Methodik Sichtung der Literatur

Ergebnisse Auf Basis von Expertenmeetings der Weltgesundheitsorganisation
(WHO) wurde ein Vorschlag entwickelt, auf Basis dessen die Gambling und Gaming
Disorder in die aktuelle Fassung der International Classification of Diseases
(ICD-11) aufgenommen wurden. Beide Störungen werden mit den gleichen 3
Kernmerkmalen beschrieben (Kontrollverlust, Priorität im Leben und
Fortsetzung trotz negativer Konsequenzen) und erfordern darüber hinaus
das Vorliegen einer funktionalen Beeinträchtigung. Eine Reihe von
Studien belegt die klinische Relevanz dieser Entscheidung. Darüber
hinaus lassen sich weitere spezifizierte Verhaltenssüchte kodieren,
wobei nach Sichtung der Literatur insbesondere Buying-Shopping Disorder,
Pornografy Use Disorder und Social Networks Use Disorder hierfür
geeignet erscheinen.

Schlussfolgerung Insbesondere bei der Computerspielstörung ist zu
erwarten, dass die Aufnahme in die ICD-11 die Entwicklung von Diagnostik,
Prävention und Therapie diese Störung fördert. Unter
Federführung der WHO werden derzeit diagnostische Verfahren für
beide Störungen entwickelt, um Standardinstrumente bereit zu
stellen.
Synthesis of Two Stereoisomers of Potentially Bioactive 13,19,20-Trihydroxy Derivative of Docosahexaenoic Acid
Authors: Ogawa Narihito , Sone Shinsaku , Hong Song , Lu Yan , Kobayashi Yuichi
Published: August 2020

The C16–C22 fragment with the acetylene terminus was constructed through the asymmetric dihydroxylation of the corresponding olefin, while the 15-iodo-olefin corresponding to the C11–C15 part was prepared via the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of the corresponding acetylene ketone followed by hydrozirconation/iodination. Both pieces were joined by a Sonogashira coupling, and the product was further converted into the title compound via a Wittig reaction with the remaining C1–C10 segment and Boland reduction using Zn with TMSCl.
Catalytic Asymmetric Substitution Reaction of 3-Substituted 2-Indolylmethanols with 2-Naphthols
Authors: Gao Feng , Zhang Yu-Chen , Shi Feng , Lan Jin-Ping , Lu Yi-Nan , Chen Ke-Wei , Jiang Fei
Published: August 2020

A catalytic asymmetric substitution of 3-substituted 2-indolylmethanols with 2-naphthols has been established under the catalysis of chiral phosphoric acid. By this approach, a series of structurally diversified triarylmethane derivatives were obtained in moderate to high yields with good enantioselectivities (up to 97% yield, 95:5 er). This approach not only enriches the chemistry of 2-indolylmethanol-inolved catalytic asymmetric substitutions, but also provides a useful method for the enantioselective synthesis of chiral triarylmethane derivatives.
Correction to: FDI in hot labour markets: The implications of the war for talent
Authors: Becker Bettina , Driffield Nigel , Lancheros Sandra , Love James H.
Published: August 2020

The article FDI in hot labour markets: The implications of the war for talent, written by Bettina Becker, Nigel Driffield, Sandra Lancheros and James H. Love, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 24 April 2020 without open access. With the authors’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 15 July 2020 to © The Author(s) 2020 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
Development of an in situ analysis system for methane dissolved in seawater based on cavity ringdown spectroscopy
Authors: Yuan Feng , Hu Mai , He Yabai , Chen Bing , Yao Lu , Xu Zhenyu , Kan Ruifeng
Published: August 2020

This paper reports the development of a compact in situ real-time concentration analysis system for methane dissolved in seawater by using a continuous-wave cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS) technique. The miniaturized design of the system, including optical resonance cavity and control and data acquisition-analysis electronics, has a cylindrical dimension of 550 mm in length and 100 mm in diameter. Ringdown signal generation, data acquisition and storage, current driver, and temperature controller of the diode laser are all integrated in the miniaturized system circuits, with an electrical power consumption of less than 12 W. Fitting algorithms of the ringdown signal and spectral line are implemented in a digital signal processor, which is the main control chip of the system circuit. The detection sensitivity for methane concentration can reach 0.4 ppbv with an approximate averaging time of 240 s (or 4 min). Comparing the system’s measurement of ambient air against a high-quality commercial CRDS instrument has demonstrated a good agreement in results. In addition, as a “proof of concept” for measuring dissolved methane, the developed instrument was tested in an actual underwater environment. The results showed the potential of this miniaturized portable instrument for in situ gas sensing applications.
Influence of grain boundaries on the properties of polycrystalline germanium
Authors: Imajo T. , Suemasu T. , Toko K.
Published: August 2020

High-speed thin film transistors based on plastic substrates are indispensable to realize next-generation flexible devices. Here, we synthesized a polycrystalline Ge layer, which had the highest quality ever, on GeO2-coated substrates using advanced solid-phase crystallization at 375 °C. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy revealed that Ge on plastic had a compressive strain, while conventional Ge with a glass substrate had a tensile strain. This behavior was explained quantitatively from the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients between Ge and the substrate. Electron backscatter diffraction analyses showed that the Ge had large grains up to 10 μm, while many intragranular grain boundaries were present. The potential barrier height of the grain boundary was lower for the plastic sample than that for the glass sample, which was discussed in terms of the strain direction. These features resulted in a hole mobility (500 cm2/V s) exceeding that of a single-crystal Si wafer. The findings and knowledge will contribute to the development of polycrystalline engineering and lead to advanced flexible electronics.
Excited state dynamics of cis,cis-1,3-cyclooctadiene: UV pump VUV probe time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Yusong , Chakraborty Pratip , Matsika Spiridoula , Weinacht Thomas
Published: August 2020

We present UV pump, vacuum ultraviolet probe time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy measurements of the excited state dynamics of cis,cis-1,3-cyclooctadiene. A 4.75 eV deep UV pump pulse launches a vibrational wave packet on the first electronically excited state, and the ensuing dynamics are probed via ionization using a 7.92 eV probe pulse. The experimental results indicate that the wave packet undergoes rapid internal conversion to the ground state in under 100 fs. Comparing the measurements with electronic structure and trajectory surface hopping calculations, we are able to interpret the features in the measured photoelectron spectra in terms of ionization to several states of the molecular cation.
Modified multiscale fuzzy entropy: A robust method for short-term physiologic signals
Authors: Borin Airton Monte Serrat , Silva Luiz Eduardo Virgilio , Murta Luiz Otavio
Published: August 2020

The introduction of the multiscale entropy (MSE) method was a milestone in the field of complex physiological signal analysis. However, since MSE is inapplicable for short signals, several variants of MSE have been proposed. One of the most important variants of MSE is the modified multiscale entropy (MMSE), even though it can still produce biased estimates due to the hard similarity criteria of sample entropy. Taking the advantages of MMSE and the concept of fuzzy entropy, we propose the modified multiscale fuzzy entropy (MMFE). We evaluated the robustness of MMSE and MMFE using segmented stochastic noises and actual heart rate variability series and compared it with the classical MSE results obtained with the full signals. Results show that MMFE is much more robust than MMSE for short physiological time series, resembling MSE for series as shorter as 400 samples. We also show the existence of an exponential relationship between the MMFE fuzzy parameter and the signal size. We suggest the use of this relationship to choose the optimal MMFE parameter as part of the method.
A quantum system with a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian
Authors: Bebiano N. , da Providência J. , Nishiyama S. , da Providência J. P.
Published: August 2020

The relevance in physics of non-Hermitian operators with real eigenvalues is being widely recognized not only in quantum mechanics but also in other areas, such as quantum optics, quantum fluid dynamics, and quantum field theory. In this note, a quantum system described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian, which is constituted by two types of interacting bosons, is investigated. The real eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian are explicitly determined, as well as complete biorthogonal sets of eigenfunctions of the Hamiltonian and its adjoint. The diagonal representation of H is obtained using pseudo-bosonic operators.
Influence of electron cyclotron resonance ion source parameters on high energy electrons
Authors: Li J. B. , Li L. X. , Li L. B. , Guo J. W. , Hitz D. , Lu W. , Feng Y. C. , Zhang W. H. , Zhang X. Z. , Zhao H. Y. , Sun L. T. , Zhao H. W.
Published: August 2020

In order to diagnose the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma, a high-efficiency collimation system has been developed at the Institute of Modern Physics, and the bremsstrahlung spectra in the range of 10 keV–300 keV were measured on a third generation superconducting ECR ion source, SECRAL-II, with a CdTe detector. Used as a comparative index of the mean energy of the high energy electron population, the spectral temperature, Ts, is derived through a linear fitting of the spectra in a semi-logarithmic representation. The influences of some main source parameters, such as the neutral gas pressure, extraction voltage, microwave power, and bias disk voltage, on the high energy electrons are systemically investigated.
Improving the performance of phase-change memory by grain refinement
Authors: Song Wen-Xiong , Cheng Yan , Cai Daolin , Tang Qiongyan , Song Zhitang , Wang Lihua , Zhao Jin , Xin Tianjiao , Liu Zhi-Pan
Published: August 2020

Many experiments have shown that three-dimensional-confined grain refinement (GR) textures in phase-change memory reduce power consumption and improve endurance performance. However, a lack of knowledge on the GR mechanisms and their influence on device performances challenges designs that concurrently enhance the comprehensive device performances using the same impurity-doped strategy. Here, we experimentally observe dramatic GR in carbon-doped Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST), which also presents reduced power consumption and enhanced endurance performances. We provide low power consumption evidence that thermal conductivity controls the thermal transport heat loss and is proportional to the size of nanoscale grains because the boundary severely scatters phonons. Our simulations indicate that the short carbon chains in the boundary interlace with each other and trend to form trialkyl carbon atoms that constitute the basic local environment of graphene. The stable sheet consists of aggregated carbon, which is even stable above the melting temperature of GST and acts as a second-phase drag to refine the grain size. The enhanced endurance is explained by the restricted migration from the stable carbon sheet, which is verified by the greatly reduced diffusion coefficient of the host atoms in the boundary because of the less shielding effect from the core electrons in carbon and strong bonds formed between host and carbon atoms. Our findings show that the reduced power consumption and enhanced endurance from GR engineering are feasible in phase-change memory, which has been largely overlooked.
Evaluation methodology of diffusion coefficient of guest substances associated with angstrom-scale open spaces in materials by slow positron beam
Authors: Sato Kiminori , Oshima Nagayasu
Published: August 2020

The knowledge of elemental migration associated with angstrom-scale open spaces is a prerequisite for sophisticated material design with respect to nanodispersion as well as a better understanding of molecular migration in a geological environment. Here, we show the methodology for evaluating the diffusion coefficient of guest substances focusing on angstrom-scale open spaces, where the depth-variation of open spaces caused by elemental diffusion in the micrometer-scale surface region is examined by the variable-energy slow positron beam. The present methodology determines a low diffusion coefficient of ∼10−14 cm2 s−1 for potassium at 533 K in SiO2 glass within the framework of Fick’s principle providing the evidence that ∼2.5 Å open spaces intrinsically present in the glass matrix govern the diffusion process.
Extremely large and anisotropic magnetoresistance in rare-earth tritelluride TbTe3
Authors: Xing Ying , Li Yongjie , Yang Zeyan , Wang Zijia , Yang Pu , Ge Jun , Liu Yanzhao , Liu Yi , Luo Tianchuang , Tang Yue , Wang Jian
Published: August 2020

The electrical transport properties of rare-earth tritelluride TbTe3 are investigated at low temperatures and high magnetic fields. The charge-density-wave and anti-ferromagnetic transition are found at 334 K (340 K) and 6.0 K (9.4 K) for bulk TbTe3 (thin device), respectively. An extremely large and non-saturating magnetoresistance (MR) as high as 5600% is detected under a perpendicular magnetic field at 1.8 K and 9 T. Furthermore, angular-dependent transport measurements reveal obvious anisotropic MR behaviors in both bulk TbTe3 and thin devices. Moreover, in the thin TbTe3 device, exotic linear MR at low temperatures is observed in all field directions. Hall measurements are also performed, and the quantitative fitting of the two-band model to longitudinal and Hall conductivity of the TbTe3 device reveals two types of carriers (hole and electron). Our work may stimulate interests of layered rare-earth tritellurides in fundamental physics and potential technological applications.