bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Efficacy of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Peroneus Longus Tendon and its Impact on Ankle Joint Function
Authors: Zhang Shichao , Cai Guoping , Ge Zhe
Published: April 2024

Objective

Peroneus Longus Tendon (PLT), a viable anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft, shares similar biomechanics, making it suitable for reconstruction. Controversy exists over whether PLT transplants affects the donor ankle joint. The purpose of this study was to examine the recovery of knee joint function following arthroscopic ACL restoration using autologous PLT and its influence on the donor ankle joint.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 65 patients with ACL rupture who underwent PLT graft reconstruction in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2021. A three‐dimensional gait analysis of the bilateral knee and ankle joints was performed postoperatively using an Opti_Knee three‐dimensional motion measurement and analysis system—Yidong Medical Infrared Motion Gait Analyzer. Knee function scores and changes in the range of motion of the bilateral knee and ankle joints were collected. The analysis of preoperative and postoperative joint function scores, bilateral knee and ankle mobility was performed by t‐tests.

Results

One year after surgery, the patients' International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (KOOSs), and Lysholm scores were significantly improved compared to preoperative scores, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score of the donor ankle joint before and after surgery (p > 0.05). During different gait cycles, there was no statistical difference in knee joint mobility between the affected and healthy sides (p > 0.05), but there was a statistical difference in the inversion and eversion angle of the donor ankle joint during the support phase (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

ACL reconstruction using the PLT can yield satisfactory knee joint function. However, it does affect inversion and eversion in the donor ankle joint, necessitating postoperative exercises. Similar subjective function ratings for both operated and non‐operated feet, despite increased inversion‐eversion motion in the operated foot, may be influenced by the subjective nature and margin of error in the AOFAS Ankle‐hindfoot score, along with the relatively small variation in ankle inversion‐eversion angles.
Effects of Cage Implantation Depth on Sagittal Parameters and Functional Outcomes in Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion for the Treatment of L4‐L5 Lumbar Degenerative Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Deng Lei , Wang Chengyue , Sun Haifu , Lv Nanning , Shen Yang , Qian Zhonglai , Liu Hao
Published: April 2024

Objective

In the treatment of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (LDS) with Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery, interbody fusion implants play a key role in supporting the vertebral body and facilitating fusion. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of implantation depth on sagittal parameters and functional outcomes in patients undergoing PLIF surgery.

Methods

This study reviewed 128 patients with L4‐L5 LDS between January 2016 and August 2019. All patients underwent an open PLIF surgery that included intravertebral decompression, implantation of pedicle screws and cage. We grouped according to the position of the center of the cage relative to the L5 vertebral endplate. Patients with the center of the cage located at the anterior 1/2 of the upper end plate of the L5 vertebral body were divided into Anterior group, and located at the posterior 1/2 of the upper end plate of the L5 vertebral body were divided into Posterior group. The lumbar lordosis (LL), segmental lordosis (SL), sacral slope (SS), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT) and slope degree (SD) was measured for radiographic outcomes. We used the visual analog scale (VAS) and the oswestry disability index (ODI) score to assess functional outcomes. Paired t‐test was used to compare imaging and bedside data before and after surgery between the two groups, and independent sample t‐test, χ2 test and Fisher exact test were used to compare the data between the two groups.

Result

The mean follow‐up of Anterior group was 44.13 ± 9.23 months, and Posterior group was 45.62 ± 10.29 months (P > 0.05). The LL, SL, PT, SS, SD and PI‐LL after operation showed great improvements, relative to the corresponding preoperative values in both groups (P < 0.05). Compared to Posterior group, Anterior group exhibited far enhanced SL (15.49 ± 3.28 vs. 13.67 ± 2.53, P < 0.05), LL (53.47 ± 3.21 vs. 52.08 ± 3.15, P < 0.05) outcomes and showed depressed PI‐LL (8.87 ± 5.05 vs. 10.73 ± 5.39, P < 0.05) outcomes at the final follow‐up. Meanwhile, the SL in Anterior group (16.18 ± 3.99) 1 months after operation were also higher than in Posterior group (14.12 ± 3.57) (P < 0.05). We found that VAS and ODI at the final follow‐up in Anterior group (3.62 ± 0.96, 25.19 ± 5.25) were significantly lower than those in Posterior group (4.12 ± 0.98, 27.68 ± 5.13) (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

For patients with LDS, the anteriorly placed cage may provide better improvement of SL after PLIF surgery. Meanwhile, the anteriorly placed cage may achieve better sagittal parameters of LL and PI‐LL and functional outcomes at the final follow‐up.
Recurrent disease after pediatric renal transplantation
Authors: Nayak Anjali , Ettenger Robert , Wesseling‐Perry Katherine
Published: April 2024

Background

Recurrent disease after kidney transplant remains an important cause of allograft failure, accounting for 7‐8% of graft loss and ranking as the fifth most common cause of allograft loss in the pediatric population. Although the pathophysiology of many recurrent diseases is incompletely understood, recent advances in basic science and therapeutics are improving outcomes and changing the course of several of these conditions.

Methods

Review of the literature.

Results

We discuss the diagnosis and management of recurrent disease.

Conclusion

We highlight new insights into the pathophysiology and treatment of post‐transplant primary hyperoxaluria, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, immune complex glomerulonephritis, C3 glomerulopathy, lupus nephritis, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, and IgA nephropathy.
Characterization of gelling agents in callus inducing media: Physical properties and their effect on callus growth
Authors: Muzika Noy Sadot , Kamai Tamir , Williams Leor Eshed , Kleiman Maya
Published: April 2024

In plant tissue culture, callus formation serves as a crucial mechanism for regenerating entire plants, enabling the differentiation of diverse tissues. Researchers have extensively studied the influence of media composition, particularly plant growth regulators, on callus behavior. However, the impact of the physical properties of the media, a well‐established factor in mammalian cell studies, has received limited attention in the context of plant tissue culture. Previous research has highlighted the significance of gelling agents in affecting callus growth and differentiation, with Agar, Phytagel, and Gelrite being the most used options. Despite their widespread use, a comprehensive comparison of their physical properties and their subsequent effects on callus behavior remains lacking. Our study provides insights into optimizing plant tissue culture media by analyzing the physical properties of gelling agents and their impact on callus induction and differentiation. We compared the phenotypes of calli grown on media composed of these different gelling agents and correlated them to the physical properties of these media. We tested water retention, examined pore size using cryo‐SEM, measured the media mechanical properties, and studied diffusion characteristics. We found that the mechanical properties of the media are the only quality correlated with callus phenotype.
Electroencephalography as an objective method for assessing subjective emotions during the application of cream
Authors: Wang Feifei , Ma Xiao , Cheng Dangdang , Gao Lei , Yao Chunping , Lin Wenqiang
Published: April 2024

Objective

To compare emotional responses elicited by four cosmetic products on different sensory modalities (smell, visual, and touch), and analyze the link between objective instrumental analysis results and subjective evaluation of participants occurring within dimensional valence‐arousal model of emotions.

Methods

In this study, four cream products exhibiting variations in olfactory perception, visual appearance and perception usability were selected. Electroencephalography (EEG) and a subjective emotion scale were used to assess participants’ emotional responses during the sensory experience of utilizing the creams.

Results

The study revealed that the objective emotional valence and arousal of different cream products exhibited certain variations at distinct stages of usage. The trend of valence differences induced by different products measured by EEG at the same stage was almost as same as measured by subjective evaluation. The correspondence between the valence measured by EEG closely approximated that obtained through subjective evaluation across various products at distinct stages of usage. These findings demonstrate a significant correlation between EEG‐based valence and subjective valence, however, no such relationship was observed for arousal.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates the feasibility of using EEG as a method to assess emotions elicited by various stages of cosmetics application, including smelling, looking, rubbing, and afterfeel. This technique serves as a valuable supplement to traditional methods for examining emotional responses by providing more objective evidence.
Financial Integration of the European, North America, Asiatic and Japanese stock markets from 2003 to present times
Authors: Penco Vittorio , Lucas Cormac
Published: April 2024

We apply an integration/segmentation analysis between the European (EU) market and the North America stock market (US and Canada), the Asian Stock Market (AS) and the Japanese (JP) market. The analysis is carried out from 2003 until the present time. We apply the Jorion and Schwartz (1986) methodology and extend the work of Brooks et al. (2009) using a simpler Capital Asset Price Model (CAPM) and the Market return downloaded from the Fama French website for the time period analysed. Our results in this empirical study show integration between the European portfolios and the US stock market and the Asian Portfolios and the US stock market in the full time period analysed. Although the methods applied in this paper have been already introduced in the literature, this is the first time that they are applied systematically to compare the integration and segmentation between different economies and a given portfolio set. This systematic approach helps to establish the conclusiveness of their forecasts.
A Three-Actuator Cable-Driven Parallel Robot With a Rectangular Workspace
Authors: Behroozi Foroogh , Mersi Ramin , Benoist Antoine , Ying Yong Ru , Cardou Philippe , Caro Stéphane
Published: April 2024

In the realm of cable-driven parallel robots (CDPRs), the conventional notion entails that each cable is directly actuated by a corresponding actuator, implying a direct relationship between the number of cables and actuators. However, this article introduces a paradigm shift by contending that the number of cables should be contingent upon the desired workspace, while the number of actuators should align with the robot’s degrees-of-freedom (DoF). This novel perspective leads to an unconventional design methodology for CDPRs. Instead of commencing with the number of actuators and cables in mind, we propose an approach that begins with defining the required workspace shape and determines the requisite number of cables. Subsequently, an actuation scheme is established where each actuator can drive multiple cables. This process entails the formulation of a transmission matrix that captures the interplay between actuators and cables, followed by the mechanical implementation of the corresponding cable-pulley routing. To illustrate this approach, we provide an example involving a 2-DoF CDPR aimed at covering a rectangular workspace. Notably, the resulting wrench-closure workspace (WCW) and wench-feasible workspace (WFW) of the proposed designs exhibit favorable comparisons to existing CDPRs with more actuators.
The TRAF3-DYRK1A-RAD54L2 complex maintains ACE2 expression to promote SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Mao Dexin , Liu Shufeng , Phan An Thanh , Renner Stephanie , Sun Yan , Wang Tony T. , Zhu Yiping
Published: April 2024

Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the host receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, is differentially expressed in a wide variety of tissues and cell types. The expression of ACE2 is under tight regulation, but the mechanisms regulating ACE2 expression have not yet been well defined. Through a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen, we discovered that host factors TRAF3, DYRK1A, and RAD54L2 (TDR) form a complex to regulate the expression of ACE2. Knockout of TRAF3, DYRK1A, or RAD54L2 reduces the mRNA levels of ACE2 and inhibits the cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2. On the other hand, SARS-CoV-2 continuously evolves by genetic mutations for the adaption to the host. We have identified mutations in spike (S) (P1079T) and nucleocapsid (N) (S194L) that enhance the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in cells that express ACE2 at a low level. Our results have revealed the mechanisms for the transcriptional regulation of ACE2 and the adaption of SARS-CoV-2.

IMPORTANCE

The expression of ACE2 is essential for the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells. We identify a new complex—the TDR complex—that acts to maintain the abundance of ACE2 in host cells. The identification and characterization of the TDR complex provide new targets for the development of therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection. By analysis of SARS-CoV-2 virus replicating in cells expressing low levels of ACE2, we identified mutations in spike (P1079T) and nucleocapsid (S194L) that overcome the restriction of limited ACE2. Functional analysis of these key amino acids in S and N extends our knowledge of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on virus infection and transmission.
Gapless assembly of
Babesia bovis
NVSL348
Authors: Grimsley Malissa , Hicks Jessica , Camp Patrick , Murphy Gleeson , Sigafoose Teresa
Published: April 2024

We are reporting a
Babesia bovis
genome containing four nuclear chromosomes, a mitochondrial genome, and an apicoplast from reference isolate NVSL348. This report includes a gapless assembly consisting of all six genetic molecules.
Complete genome sequence of the
Streptomyces
bacteriophage Amabiko
Authors: Milhaven Mark , Bakry Heba A. , Batra Anuvi , Bermingham Amanda M. , Grama Gloria , Kebe Jacob , Martinez Shawn S. , Mudunuri Rishika V. , Nelson Megan R. , Nguyen Evie T. , Peterson Mia M. , Pruitt Alexis , Tran Kristan , Brar Akarshi , Cerna Gabriella , Chaffee Elaine , Caruso Steven M. , Pfeifer Susanne P.
Published: April 2024

Amabiko is a lytic subcluster BE2 bacteriophage that infects
Streptomyces scabiei
—a bacterium causing common scab in potatoes. Its 131,414 bp genome has a GC content of 49.5% and contains 245 putative protein-coding genes, 45 tRNAs, and one tmRNA. Amabiko is closely related to
Streptomyces
bacteriophage MindFlayer (gene content similarity: 86.5%).
Genome sequence of
Novirhabdovirus
isolated from white bass (
Morone chrysops
), Ohio/North Carolina, USA
Authors: Warg Janet , Killian Mary Lea , Clayton Richard , Cruz Angela
Published: April 2024

We sequenced the genome of a hirame novirhabdovirus isolate recovered from a white bass (
Morone chrysops
). Hirame novirhabdoviruses are in the genus
Novirhabdovirus
, along with infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus. This detection highlights that the full host range of rhabdoviruses in fish is not fully understood.
Association of the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with diabetic kidney disease: evidence from the NHANES 2009–2018
Authors: Zhang Huifeng , Liu Na , Dang Huaixin
Published: April 2024

Objective

To investigate the association between the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

Design

A retrospective cohort study.

Setting and participants

Data on patients with DKD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2018.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

All-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality, diabetes-related mortality and nephropathy-related mortality.

Results

A total of 1714 patients were included, with 1119 (65.29%) in normal nutrition group (a score of 0–1), 553 (32.26%) in mild malnutrition group (a score of 2–4) and 42 (2.45%) in moderate and severe malnutrition group (a score of 5–12), according to the CONUT score. After controlling for age, race, marital status, smoking, hypertension, CVD, diabetic retinopathy, poverty income ratio, antidiabetics, diuretics, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, uric acid, energy, protein, total fat, sodium and estimated glomerular filtration rate, a higher CONUT score was associated with a significantly greater risk of all-cause death (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.46, p<0.001). In contrast to patients with a CONUT score of 0–1, those who scored 5–12 had significantly increased risks of all-cause death (HR 2.80, 95% CI 1.42 to 5.51, p=0.003), diabetes-related death (HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.02 to 3.11, p=0.041) and nephropathy-related death (HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.04 to 3.24, p=0.036).

Conclusion

Moderate and severe malnutrition was associated with greater risks of all-cause death, diabetes-related death and nephropathy-related death than normal nutritional status in DKD. Close monitoring of immuno-nutritional status in patients with DKD may help prognosis management and improvement.
Estimating the incidence of COVID-19, influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infection in three regions of Queensland, Australia, winter 2022: findings from a novel longitudinal testing-based sentinel surveillance programme
Authors: May Fiona , Ginige Shamila , Firman Elise , Li Yee Sum , Soonarane Yudish Kumar , Smoll Nicolas , Hunter Ian , Pery Brielle , Macfarlane Bonnie , Bladen Tracy , Allen Terresa , Green Trevor , Walker Jacina , Slinko Vicki , Stickley Mark , Khandaker Gulam , Anuradha Satyamurthy , Wattiaux Andre
Published: April 2024

Objective

The 2022 Australian winter was the first time that COVID-19, influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were circulating in the population together, after two winters of physical distancing, quarantine and borders closed to international travellers. We developed a novel surveillance system to estimate the incidence of COVID-19, influenza and RSV in three regions of Queensland, Australia.

Design

We implemented a longitudinal testing-based sentinel surveillance programme. Participants were provided with self-collection nasal swabs to be dropped off at a safe location at their workplace each week. Swabs were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR. Symptomatic participants attended COVID-19 respiratory clinics to be tested by multiplex PCR for SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B and RSV. Rapid antigen test (RAT) results reported by participants were included in the analysis.

Setting and participants

Between 4 April 2022 and 3 October 2022, 578 adults were recruited via their workplace. Due to rolling recruitment, withdrawals and completion due to positive COVID-19 results, the maximum number enrolled in any week was 423 people.

Results

A total of 4290 tests were included. Participation rates varied across the period ranging from 25.9% to 72.1% of enrolled participants. The total positivity of COVID-19 was 3.3%, with few influenza or RSV cases detected. Widespread use of RAT may have resulted in few symptomatic participants attending respiratory clinics. The weekly positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 detected during the programme correlated with the incidence of notified cases in the corresponding communities.

Conclusion

This testing-based surveillance programme could estimate disease trends and be a useful tool in settings where testing is less common or accessible. Difficulties with recruitment meant the study was underpowered. The frontline sentinel nature of workplaces meant participants were not representative of the general population but were high-risk groups providing early warning of disease.
Modifiable risk factors that may be addressed in routine care to prevent progression to and extension of multimorbidity in people with COPD: a systematic literature review
Authors: Orlowski Andi , Ettinger Jack , Bottle Alex , Snow Sally , Ashton Rachel , Quint Jennifer K
Published: April 2024

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multisystem disease, and many patients have multiple conditions. We explored multimorbidity patterns that might inform intervention planning to reduce health-care costs while preserving quality of life for patients. Literature searches up to February 2022 revealed 4419 clinical observational and comparative studies of risk factors for multimorbidity in people with COPD, pulmonary emphysema, or chronic bronchitis at baseline. Of these, 29 met the inclusion criteria for this review. Eight studies were cluster and network analyses, five were regression analyses, and 17 (in 16 papers) were other studies of specific conditions, physical activity and treatment. People with COPD more frequently had multimorbidity and had up to ten times the number of disorders of those without COPD. Disease combinations prominently featured cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, asthma, musculoskeletal and psychiatric disorders. An important risk factor for multimorbidity was low socioeconomic status. One study showed that many patients were receiving multiple drugs and had increased risk of adverse events, and that 10% of medications prescribed were inappropriate. Many patients with COPD have mainly preventable or modifiable multimorbidity. A proactive multidisciplinary approach to prevention and management could reduce the burden of care.
Creative Entrepreneurs: Dual Identities, Multiple Needs
Authors: Connolly Sara , Patten Tena , Stephens Simon
Published: April 2024

This research explores the lived experiences of entrepreneurs from the creative industries, focusing on their interactions with support agencies. We examine the support that creative entrepreneurs use to assist them in achieving financially stable, sustainable, and personally fulfilling careers. The research involved an extensive literature review, followed by interviews with selected creative entrepreneurs and representatives from support agencies. The analytical framework was a qualitative approach using an interpretive philosophy, exploring the lived experience of the creative entrepreneur. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal the presence of dual identities: the creative and the entrepreneur. Funding and support are aimed at entrepreneurs who are focused on high turnover and employment creation. This is often in contrast to the motivations and ambitions of the creative entrepreneur. This research enhances the existing literature on entrepreneurship, the creative industries, and entrepreneurial support structures. It informs best practices in the design of support to creative entrepreneurs and is of use to entrepreneurs, support agencies, sponsors and academics.
CuPBoP: Making CUDA a Portable Language
Authors: Han Ruobing , Chen Jun , Garg Bhanu , Zhou Xule , Lu John , Young Jeffrey , Sim Jaewoong , Kim Hyesoon
Published: April 2024

CUDA is designed specifically for NVIDIA GPUs and is not compatible with non-NVIDIA devices. Enabling CUDA execution on alternative backends could greatly benefit the hardware community by fostering a more diverse software ecosystem.

To address the need for portability, our objective is to develop a framework that meets key requirements, such as extensive coverage, comprehensive end-to-end support, superior performance, and hardware scalability. Existing solutions that translate CUDA source code into other high-level languages, however, fall short of these goals.

In contrast to these source-to-source approaches, we present a novel framework, CuPBoP , which treats CUDA as a portable language in its own right. Compared to two commercial source-to-source solutions, CuPBoP offers a broader coverage and superior performance for the CUDA-to-CPU migration. Additionally, we evaluate the performance of CuPBoP against manually optimized CPU programs, highlighting the differences between CPU programs derived from CUDA and those that are manually optimized.

Furthermore, we demonstrate the hardware scalability of CuPBoP by showcasing its successful migration of CUDA to AMD GPUs.

To promote further research in this field, we have released CuPBoP as an open-source resource.
Algorithm 1043: Faster Randomized SVD with Dynamic Shifts
Authors: Feng Xu , Yu Wenjian , Xie Yuyang , Tang Jie
Published: April 2024

Aiming to provide a faster and convenient truncated SVD algorithm for large sparse matrices from real applications (i.e., for computing a few of the largest singular values and the corresponding singular vectors), a dynamically shifted power iteration technique is applied to improve the accuracy of the randomized SVD method. This results in a
d
yn
a
mic
sh
ifts-based randomized
SVD
(dashSVD) algorithm, which also collaborates with the skills for handling sparse matrices. An accuracy-control mechanism is included in the dashSVD algorithm to approximately monitor the per vector error bound of computed singular vectors with negligible overhead. Experiments on real-world data validate that the dashSVD algorithm largely improves the accuracy of a randomized SVD algorithm or attains the same accuracy with fewer passes over the matrix, and provides an efficient accuracy-control mechanism to the randomized SVD computation, while demonstrating the advantages on runtime and parallel efficiency. A bound of the approximation error of the randomized SVD with the shifted power iteration is also proved.
US-based Sequential Algorithm Integrating an AI Model for Advanced Liver Fibrosis Screening
Authors: Chen Li-Da , Huang Ze-Rong , Yang Hong , Cheng Mei-Qing , Hu Hang-Tong , Lu Xiao-Zhou , Li Ming-De , Lu Rui-Fang , He Dan-Ni , Lin Peng , Ma Qiu-Ping , Huang Hui , Ruan Si-Min , Ke Wei-Ping , Liao Bing , Zhong Bi-Hui , Ren Jie , Lu Ming-De , Xie Xiao-Yan , Wang Wei
Published: April 2024

A sequential algorithm combining the noninvasive tests Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4) and a US deep learning (DL) model showed higher diagnostic accuracy and improved referral management for all-cause advanced liver fibrosis compared with FIB-4 or the DL model alone.
Contrast Media–driven Anthropogenic Gadolinium: Knowns and Unknowns
Authors: Lenkinski Robert E. , Rofsky Neil M.
Published: April 2024

Anthropogenic gadolinium, introduced into the environment from MRI contrast agents, is documented in water systems but does not appear to accumulate in the human body; however, more research on longitudinal accumulation is needed.
Investigating a Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna Fabricated with Li3MgNbO5 Microwave Dielectric Ceramic
Authors: M. A. Dinesh , Kumar Vinay , Kumar Raghvendra , Gupta Vibha Rani , Subramanian V. , Dayal Vijaylakshmi
Published: April 2024

This work aims to fabricate a single-feed line Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (CDRA) using low-temperature sintered Li3MgNbO5 microwave dielectric ceramic as a resonator, excited in HEM11δ
mode. The ceramic synthesized using the conventional solid-state route resulted in a single-phase material exhibiting a cubic structure with an Fm-3m space group. The densely packed cylindrical disk of the ceramic was subsequently characterized for its microwave dielectric behaviour in TE01δ
mode using the Hakki-Coleman method. The dielectric permittivity (ε
r) measures 14.4, with a loss factor (tan δ) nearly equal to 4.01 × 10−4 and a temperature coefficient (τf) of −50.9 ppm °C−1. The antenna design was executed using the high-frequency structure simulator design software, utilizing the dielectric ceramic as the resonator, Cu strip as the feedline, and FR4 as the substrate. The maximum energy was coupled to the antenna when the resonator was placed at 11.75 mm on the substrate. The fabricated CDRA, using appropriate simulated parameters, resonated at 7.67 GHz, offering a return loss (S11) of −32.64 dB and an impedance bandwidth of 10.73%. Furthermore, the CDRA displayed a voltage standing wave ratio of 1.04, ensuring a nearby ideal impedance match and a bandwidth of 810 MHz to support high-speed data transmission.
A Tripartite Composite Incorporating Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Oxide, Polypyrrole, and Silica for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Al-Bujasim Mohammed , Gencten Metin , Donmez Koray B. , Arvas Melih B. , Karatepe Nilgun , Sahin Yucel
Published: April 2024

In this study, N-doped graphene oxide-polypyrrole-silica (NGO-PPy-SiO2) composite was employed as a possible anode in Li-ion batteries. The chronoamperometric technique was employed to synthesize NGO, and within this study two samples were produced, one characterized by a high polypyrrle content (N1) and the other by a low polypyrrle content (N2). N2 has the maximum initial discharge capacity of 785 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, which is greater than N1’s capacity of 501 mAh g−1. The initial coulombic efficiency of the first cycle is around 72%, whereas the ICE of N2 is approximately 60%. N1 demonstrates outstanding cycling performance for 100 cycles at high rate (10 C) with maintain capacity as 100% and coulombic efficiency of 100%, as well as extremely stable capacity during the cycling. N2 has a maintain capacity of ≈79% and excellent coulombic efficiency, however the capacity during cycling is not as stable as N1.
BiliQML: a supervised machine-learning model to quantify biliary forms from digitized whole slide liver histopathological images
Authors: Hellen Dominick J. , Fay Meredith E. , Lee David H. , Klindt-Morgan Caroline , Bennett Ashley , Pachura Kimberly J. , Grakoui Arash , Huppert Stacey S. , Dawson Paul A. , Lam Wilbur A. , Karpen Saul J.
Published: April 2024

BiliQML is the first comprehensive machine-learning platform for biliary form analysis in whole slide histopathological images. This platform provides clinical and basic science researchers with a novel tool for the improved quantification and characterization of biliary tract disorders.
Buprenorphine affects the initiation and severity of interleukin-induced acute pancreatitis in mice
Authors: Jahangir Sarah , Khatua Biswajit , Smichi Nabil , Rajalingamgari Prasad , Narayana Pillai Anoop , Summers Megan J. , McFayden Bryce , Kostenko Sergiy , Gades Naomi M. , Singh Vijay P.
Published: April 2024

Extended-release buprenorphine interferes with the initiation and progression of acute pancreatitis at multiple levels.
Aberrant long-chain fatty acid metabolism associated with evolving systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Coursen Julie C. , Tuhy Tijana , Naranjo Mario , Woods Adrianne , Hummers Laura K. , Shah Ami A. , Suresh Karthik , Visovatti Scott H. , Mathai Stephen C. , Hassoun Paul M. , Damico Rachel L. , Simpson Catherine E.
Published: April 2024

Abnormal lipid metabolism is evident across time in the development of SSc-PAH, and dysregulated long-chain fatty acid metabolism predicts overt PAH.
A novel DNase assay reveals low DNase activity in severe asthma
Authors: Charbit Annabelle R. , Liegeois Maude A. , Raymond Wilfred W. , Comhair Suzy A. A. , Johansson Mats W. , Hastie Annette T. , Bleecker Eugene R. , Fajt Merritt , Castro Mario , Sumino Kaharu , Erzurum Serpil C. , Israel Elliot , Jarjour Nizar N. , Mauger David T. , Moore Wendy C. , Wenzel Sally E. , Woodruff Prescott G. , Levy Bruce D. , Tang Monica C. , Fahy John V.
Published: April 2024

We developed a new DNase assay and used it to show that DNase activity is impaired in asthma airways.
A mouse model of progressive lung fibrosis with cutaneous involvement induced by a combination of oropharyngeal and osmotic minipump bleomycin delivery
Authors: Grandi Andrea , Ferrini Erica , Zoboli Matteo , Buseghin Davide , Pennati Francesca , Khalajzeyqami Zahra , Ciccimarra Roberta , Villetti Gino , Stellari Franco Fabio
Published: April 2024

This study introduces an innovative approach to enhance the overall performance of the mouse bleomycin (BLM)-induced model for systemic sclerosis with interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). By combining oropharyngeal aspiration and subcutaneous mini-pump delivery of BLM, our improved model leads to sustained lung fibrosis and stable skin fibrosis in female C57BL/6 mice. The optimized 15 + 100 treatment results in extensive and persistent lung fibrotic lesions and thus represents a significant improvement over existing preclinical models of BLM-induced SSc-ILD.
Exploring Psychosocial Needs of Patients with Cancers through the Lens of the Physicians and Nurses: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Fernández-Feito A. , Alonso-Iglesias C. , Paz-Zulueta M. , Pellico-López A.
Published: April 2024

Aims. To explore the experience of nurses and physicians regarding psychosocial needs of patients with cancer and to describe their perception according to professional category and clinical setting. Design. A qualitative descriptive study. Method. 14 nurses and 12 physicians were selected from three hospital clinical units and four primary care centers in northern Spain. Data were collected using semistructured interviews. Content analysis was performed using open coding. Reporting of findings followed the COREQ checklist. Results. Four themes were identified: the needs of patients with cancer, psychosocial care provided by health professionals, difficulties addressing psychosocial needs, and available resources. According to nurses and physicians, being diagnosed with cancer involves a radical life-changing process, with a profound impact at the psychosocial level. Within the field of psychosocial care, the role perceived by each profession was different. Thus, nurses highlighted the need for these patients to receive emotional support and care, although limited importance is given to psychosocial needs. The role of physicians was more focused on referring these patients to other health professionals. The lack of training or time was one of the main difficulties perceived by the professionals. The family is a fundamental resource and, overall, patients are provided with limited information about other psychosocial resources. At the hospital, the emphasis is placed on physical needs and health professionals experience greater burnout and fear of compassion fatigue. Primary care teams could, therefore, have a primary role in addressing psychosocial needs due to their understanding of each person’s context and personal circumstances. Conclusions. It is essential for nurses and physicians to consider the psychosocial needs of patients with cancer. However, these needs are not always adequately addressed. Further resources are required to reduce the workload, increase the training of health professionals, and introduce organizational changes to consider psychosocial needs during routine care.
Analysis of Urban Heat Island Effect in Wuhan Urban Area Based on Prediction of Urban Underlying Surface Coverage Type Change
Authors: Zuo Wanyi , Ren Zhigang , Shan Xiaofang , Zhou Zeng , Deng Qinli
Published: April 2024

The rapid development of urbanization makes the phenomenon of urban heat islands even more serious. Predicting the impact of land cover change on urban heat island has become one of the research hotspots. Taking Wuhan, China, as an example, this study simulated the land type change in 2020 through the Cellular Automata-Markov-Chain (CA-Markov) model. The urban heat island in 2020 was simulated and analyzed in conjunction with the Weather Research & Forecasting Model (WRF), and the simulation results of wind velocity and temperature were confirmed using weather station observation data. Based on this, the land cover and urban heat island of Wuhan in 2030 were predicted. The temperature was found to be well-fit by CA-Markov simulated land use data, with an average inaccuracy of about 2.5°C for weather stations. Wind speed had a poor fitting effect; the average error was roughly 2 m/s. The built-up area was the center of the high temperature area both before and after the prediction, the water was the low temperature area, and the peak heat island happened at night. According to the forecast results, there will be more built-up land in 2030, and there will be a greater intensity of heat islands than in 2020.
Studying Probability of Domino Effect in Chemical Storage Tanks Using Hazard Index
Authors: Eskandari Davood , Sohrabi Mohammadreza , Jabbari Mousa
Published: April 2024

The accidents caused by the domino effect in industries are highly harmful. This study aims to analyze the occurrence probability of the domino effect with respect to possible explosion and fire scenarios in chemical tanks. Using the results obtained by previous studies, reviewing past accidents, and according to the equipment damage models, threshold values were used for extraction process equipment and inherent safety distances as a criterion to prevent domino accidents. According to primary scenarios and experimental equations, the escalation vector was determined for different tanks. According to the assumption that fire radius is equivalent to inherent safety distance, the fireball radius for tank 1 was calculated 535.7 m. According to the results, the DCP index of tank 3 can be considered the most critical unit. This research studies the probability of the domino effect and means to prevent them according to criteria and hazard index parameters.
Fraction Dose Escalation of Hypofractionated Radiotherapy with Concurrent Chemotherapy and Subsequent Consolidation Immunotherapy in Locally Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase I Study
Authors: Zhou Rui , Liu FangJie , Zhang HongMei , Wang DaQuan , Zhang PengXin , Zheng ShiYang , Liu YiMei , Chen Li , Guo JinYu , Zou YingYi , Rong Yu-Ming , Liu Hui , Qiu Bo
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

This phase I trial aimed to determine the maximum tolerated fraction dose (MTFD) of hypofractionated radiotherapy (hypo-RT) combined with concurrent chemotherapy and subsequent consolidation immune checkpoint inhibitors (cICI) for patients with locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer.

Patients and Methods:

Split-course hypo-RT and hypoboost combined with concurrent chemotherapy was administered at three dose levels (DL), using a stepwise dose-escalation protocol. The sophisticated esophagus-sparing technique was implemented to restrict the dose to the esophagus. Patients who did not experience disease progression or unresolved ≥grade 2 (G2+) toxicities after RT received cICI. Each DL aimed to treat six patients. The MTFD was defined as the highest DL at which ≤2 patients of the six who were treated experienced treatment-related G3+ toxicity and ≤1 patient experienced G4+ toxicity within 12 months post-RT.

Results:

Eighteen patients were enrolled, with six patients in each DL. All patients completed hypo-RT and concurrent chemotherapy, and 16 (88.9%) received at least one infusion of cICI, with a median of 10 infusions. Within the 12-month assessment period, one patient in DL1 experienced G3 pneumonitis, and one patient in DL3 developed G3 tracheobronchitis. The MTFD was not reached. The objective response rate was 100%. With a median follow-up of 20.9 months, the 1-year overall survival and progression-free survival rates were 94.4% and 83.3%, respectively.

Conclusions:

Utilizing the split-course hypo-RT and hypoboost approach, a fraction dose of 5 Gy to a total dose of 60 Gy, combined with concurrent chemotherapy and subsequent cICI, was well tolerated and yielded a promising objective response rate and survival outcomes.
Liver Stiffness Determined by Transient Elastography Is a Simple and Highly Accurate Predictor for Presence of Liver Cirrhosis in Clinical Routine
Authors: Lemmer Peter , Rohr Lydia Christina , Henning Marie , Bulut Kerem , Manka Paul , Canbay Ali , Sowa Jan-Peter
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Early detection of patients with advanced chronic liver disease is critical for the prevention of complications and inclusion in surveillance programs for hepatocellular carcinoma. In daily clinical care, it remains challenging to differentiate early cirrhosis from lower fibrosis grades without performing a liver biopsy. The aim of the present study was to assess the performance of different non-invasive detection tools to differentiate cirrhosis from lower fibrosis grades. Methods: Data of 116 patients (51 male, 65 female) with chronic liver disease of various origins undergoing liver biopsy was analyzed. Routine laboratory values, liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography, and histological liver assessment were collected. Results: Robust and significant correlations with the histological fibrosis stage were identified for LSM (r = 0.65), the FAST score (0.64), the FIB-4 (0.48), serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentration (0.41), NFS (0.33), international normalized ratio (INR; 0.30), methacetin breath test results (−0.40), and serum albumin concentration (−0.29) by spearman rank correlation. Receiver operating characteristic curves were built for these parameters to separate patients with cirrhosis from those with any other fibrosis stage. The highest AUC was achieved by LSM (0.9130), followed by the FAST score (0.8842), the FIB-4 (0.8644), the NFS (0.8227), INR (0.8142), serum albumin (0.7710), and serum AST (0.7620). The most promising clinical applicability would be an LSM value of 12.2 kPa, achieving 95.7% sensitivity and 75.3% specificity. Conclusion: LSM and FAST score seem to be robust non-invasive measurements for liver fibrosis. LSM and FAST scores may have the potential to reliably detect patients with liver cirrhosis in clinical routine settings.
Larvae of neotropical coleoptera. XXVI; description of immatures and adult of a new species of onopelmus spangler, 1980, with notes on habitats and rearing (Dryopoidea, Dryopidae)
Authors: Vanin Sergio A. , Ide Sergio , Costa Cleide
Published: April 2024

.
Abstract 192: Defibrillation Strategy with Postshock Synchronized Pacing in Excitable Gaps
Authors: Tang Liang , Hwang Gyo-Seung , Lin Shien-Fong
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
It was previously demonstrated that ventricular fibrillation (VF) can be synchronized with a novel spatiotemporal excitable gap pacing (SyncP) technique using low-energy pacing pulses that causes pace termination of VF. Therefore, we hypothesize that a spatiotemporally controlled (STCD) defibrillation strategy using defibrillation shocks followed by SyncP may be effective in defibrillation efficacy improvement.

Methods and Results:
We explored the STCD effects in 10 isolated rabbit hearts (n=10) with optical mapping of the anterior wall in LV. Optical recording guided real-time detection and stimulation of spatiotemporal excitable gaps was performed. SyncP was shown to cause wavefront synchronization as indicated by a decreased number of phase singularity points (p<0.0001) and reduced spatial dispersion of VF cycle length (p<0.01). After a defibrillation shock delivery, an isoelectrical window (IW) was present and the duration of the IW was a function of the shock strength. When the reference site detected the earliest activation (early site) of the reinitiated VF during IW, a 5-mA electric stimulus was delivered from the pacing electrode to depolarize the excitable gap, creating a functional block to stop VF propagation or change the propagation timing/pattern for VF termination. The location of the early site varied, however, about 80% arose from the right side of LV anterior wall close to apex, with the arrangement of the defibrillation anode electrode in the RV and cathode against the posterior wall. For 90% of the episodes where the reference site accurately detected the early site location, the SyncP pacing electrode successfully administered pacing in the excitable gap after low-energy shock delivery. VF was demonstrated to be successfully terminated by the STCD defibrillation with low-energy shock and pacing in the excitable gaps to cause functional block for reinitiated VF propagation in heart tissues.

Conclusion:
We implemented the concept of post-shock synchronized pacing in excitable gaps by a real-time feedback mechanism. Further optimization of this technique may prove effective in improving the defibrillation efficacy by synchronized VF activation.
Abstract 565: Antiarrhythmic Cx43 up-regulation by radiation in rabbit
Authors: Amino Mari , Yoshioka Koichiro , Matsuzaki Atsushi , Tanabe Teruhisa , Tanaka Etsuro , Mori Hidezo , Furusawa Yoshiya , Zareba Wojciech , Honjo Haruo , Yamazaki Masatoshi , Nakagawa Harumichi , Yasui Kenji , Kodama Itsuo
Published: April 2024

Objective:
Radiation has been shown to enhance intercellular communication in the skin and lungs through an increase of connexin43 (Cx43) expression. If analogous Cx43 up-regulation is induced in the diseased heart, it would provide a new perspective in radiation therapy for arrhythmias. The aim of the present study is to test this hypothesis.

Methods:
Non-transmural myocardial infarction (MI) was created in 24 rabbits by microsphere injection into the coronary arteries. Twenty-four rabbits without MI were used as controls. Targeted external heavy ion beam irradiation (THIR; 15 Gy) was applied 2 weeks after MI with an accelerator (HIMAC, Chiba, Japan).

Results:
The THIR was associated with an increase of Cx43 mRNA and protein levels in the left ventricle in control as well as in MI rabbits. In MI hearts, immunoreactive Cx43 signals were reduced in the peri-infarct zone, and the reduction was reversed by THIR.
In vivo
epicardial potential mapping on the free wall (64 unipolar electrodes to cover 7×7 mm) in MI hearts revealed reduced conduction velocity, whereas total dispersion of the activation-recovery interval (ARI) was increased compared with controls, and these changes were reversed by THIR. The vulnerability for VT/VF, which was estimated by programmed stimulation, was increased in MI hearts, and this increased vulnerability to arrhythmias was reversed by THIR.

Conclusions:
THIR increases Cx43 expression, improves the conductivity, decreases the spatial heterogeneity of repolarization, and reduces the vulnerability of rabbit hearts to ventricular arrhythmias after MI. THIR could have an antiarrhythmic potential through an improvement of electrical coupling.