bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF BIOPOLYMERS INTERACTIONS: PROTEIN – POLYSACCHARIDE ISOLATED FROM FLAX SEEDS
Authors: Yakovleva Agata , Uschapovskiy Valentin , Minevich Irina
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to investigate the interaction of proteins and polysaccharides obtained from flax seeds. Objectives: to study the phase behavior during the interaction of protein concentrate solutions and flax seed polysaccharides; to investigate the interaction of flax seed proteins and polysaccharides at different pH. The objects of the study were flax seed processing products: protein concentrate, polysaccharide extract and their mixtures. Polysaccharides were isolated from flax seeds by extraction, followed by concentration of the extract using a rotary evaporator and drying in a spray dryer. The protein product was obtained by alkaline extraction from mucus-free and defatted flax seeds. To obtain a homogeneous 1 % protein solution, the product was homogenized, followed by holding the solution at 50 °C and constant stirring for 2 hours. To study protein-polysaccharide interactions, protein and polysaccharide solutions were mixed in the ratios of 9:1, 7:3, 1:1, 3:7, 1:9, respectively. Physicochemical parameters were determined using standard analysis methods. The protein content in the products was determined according to GOST 10846-91, and the humidity was determined according to GOST 10856-96. The pH value was measured using an I-160MI laboratory ion meter. Spectrophotometric analysis methods were performed on a PE-5400 spectrophotometer. As in the bovine serum albumin solution, residues of tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine were found in the spectrum of flax protein in the UV range. When measuring the optical density of solutions of protein, polysaccharides and their mixtures, the behavior of the system was determined by the content of the predominant component. In acidic environments, mixed systems form two-phase systems regardless of the ratio of components. At equal concentrations of the initial solutions (0.3 %), the mixed systems remained monodisperse and stable at neutral pH and a component ratio of 1:1.
SOURCES OF LARGE-BERRY GRAPE VARIETIES OF THE ANAPA AMPELOGRAPHIC COLLECTION
Authors: Gorbunov Ivan , Kovalenko Aleksandr
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to examine grape varieties in the collection of the Anapa Experimental Station in order to identify genetic sources of large-berry fruit. Varieties that are donors or sources of economically valuable traits, such as high productivity, large-berry fruit, stress resistance, adaptability, and taste, are found among representatives of the eco-geographical groups of European-Asian grapes. This work is relevant because it is the foundation for the selection process of grape culture and the production of new zoned large-berry varieties that are in great demand on the market and necessary in times of import substitution. Currently, the collection consists of many varieties of different eco-geographical origins, table and technical uses. The gene pool of grapes is replenished every year. These varieties are used annually in breeding to develop new high-quality grape varieties. The objects of research were the source varieties of large-berry grapes from different geographical zones. In this research work, modern programs and me-thods were used along with traditional breeding methods. The paper presents four sources of large-berry grapes, gives their brief characteristics, shows the dynamics of the main phenological and agrobiological indicators for 2021–2023. Among the source varieties, the following varieties stand out in terms of the frui-ting coefficient: Brigantina (K1 – 1.0–1.2) and Muromets (K1 – 1.0–1.1), and in terms of yield per bush – Pobeditel, Brigantina and Yubiley Moldavii. These varieties are used in experimental work on varietal directed crossing of supposed carriers of economically valuable selection traits and further obtaining seeds of new hybrid offspring.
EFFICIENCY OF APPLYING DIFFERENT TYPES OF FERTILIZERS IN ARCTIC BRAKE (RUBUS ARCTICUS L.) CULTIVATION
Authors: Makarov Sergey , Vinogradova Vera , Chudeckiy Anton
Published: July 2024

The objective of research is to develop a nutrition system for Arctic brake. The paper presents the results of research on growing Arctic brake (Rubus arcticus L.) on acidic light sod-podzolic soils in the natural and climatic conditions of the Kostroma Region. Two soil fertilization options were used: 1) azophoska 400 kg/ha (N60P60K60 as the main fertilizer + N30P30K30 top dressing); 2) the developed nutrition system, including the main organomineral fertilizer containing humic substances and bacterial spores (Bacillus subtillis, Bacillus mucilaginosus) and 3 top dressings with solutions of the mineral fertilizer Akvarin in May, June and September (10 %, 6 and 3 %, respectively). Local application of organomineral fertilizers at a dose of 500 kg/ha with 3 additional feedings of water-soluble mineral fertilizers of the Akvarin brand containing macro- and microelements has a beneficial effect on increasing the microbiological activity of the soil, ammonifiers by 25.8 %, phosphate-mobilizing bacteria by 39.1 %, its agrochemical indicators, inclu¬ding the content of organic matter by 0.4 %, mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium by 7.6–12.4 mg/kg, the survival rate of R. arcticus plants, the formation of the bush habitus, with the additional formation of partial shoots by 35 pcs/bush, the physiological activity of plants, expressed in an increase in the productivity of photosynthesis by 38 % and a significant increase in the yield of berries to 53.2 g/m2 (by 47.6 %). Expanding the possibility of forming R. arcticus plantations on acidic sod-podzolic soils will increase the occupancy rate of fallow soils and put them into operation. Production of berry products in the Kostroma Region as an ecologically safe region will provide enterprises engaged in the preparation of baby and dietary food with high-quality medicinal raw materials.
SOIL BACTERIA FROM AUTOCHTHONIC MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES OF CENTRAL SIBERIA IN BIOLOGICAL PROTECTION OF WHEAT FROM ALTERNARIA TENUISSIMA
Authors: Puchkova Elena , Alekseeva Anastasiya
Published: July 2024

The most powerful soil bacteria from autochthonous microbial communities of Central Siberia against phytopathogenic fungi Alternaria tenuissima were selected. Isolation from soil samples and cultivation of bacterial isolates were performed on the artificial nutrient medium for bacteria PD-agar. Antagonistic activity was measured on GRM Saburo. In this case, Alternaria tenuissima was sown in a dish on GRM Saburo, and the selected bacterial strains were sown around the micromycete. As a result of joint growth of the test culture and soil bacteria, the most powerful antagonists in the suppression zone of Alternaria tenuissima were identified. The most powerful bacteria-antagonists in reducing the intensity and prevalence of root rot were identified by the method of artificial infection of Alternaria tenuissima. Before infection with micromycete, bacterization of spring wheat seeds Novosibirskaya-15 with the studied bacterial isolates was carried out. Mathematical processing of the obtained results was fulfilled by one-way variance analysis and two-sample F-test for variance. The results of the study on the use of soil autochthonous antagonist microorganisms in biological protection of spring wheat from the causative agents of root rot Alternaria tenuissima showed that the studied bacterial isolates statistically significantly (p < 0.01) reduced the intensity and prevalence of this disease. The maximum effect in reducing the intensity and prevalence of the disease was shown by isolates B2 and B4 (according to preliminary identification of Bacillus sp.). Also, the studied bacterial strains showed a positive effect on the length of sprouts. At the same time, isolate B2 showed a statistically significant (p < 0.001) effect on the length of spring wheat sprouts. The stimulating effect was manifested in an increase in the length of sprouts compared to the control. Therefore, this strain can be recommended not only for protection against Alternaria tenuissima, but also for stimulating wheat growth.
LIVE WEIGHT DYNAMICS OF YOUNG MEAT BREEDS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TUVA
Authors: Ludu Bair , Kan-ool Baylak
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to evaluate the growth and development of young meat cattle in the Republic of Tuva. Objectives: to study the growth and development of young cattle by live weight at birth, 3 and 6 months; to determine the average daily and absolute gains; to take the main measurements and to calculate the body conformation indices. The object of the study was young Hereford and Kalmyk cattle (6 months old). The animals were assessed for appearance, their measurements were taken and body conformation indices were calculated. The obtained data were processed in the MS Excel spreadsheet editor. The study of the dynamics of live weight indicators and growth rates up to 6 months showed an advantage of Hereford calves: live weight at birth – by 4.3 kg; at 3 months of age – by 6.2 kg; at 6 months of age – by 13.8 kg; the average daily gain at the age of 3–6 months is 96 g more, and the absolute gain from birth to 3 months is 6.8 % more, from 3 to 6 months is 11.3 %. In the neonatal and 6-month period, Hereford calves were taller than their Kalmyk peers: by oblique body length – by 5.1 and 7.1 cm; height at the withers – by 7 and 3.9; chest girth behind the shoulder blades – by 5.5 and 4.5 cm, respectively. At 6 months, Kalmyk calves had highly reliable indicators of the leanness index (by 4.1 %), and the Herefords – the bone index (by 9 %). The advantage of the young Hereford breed in all the studied indicators can be due to their breed characteristics, as well as a fairly long adaptation of this breed to the conditions of the Republic of Tuva.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS OF CROSS-BREED YOUNG SHEEP IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TUVA
Authors: Makarova Elena
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to investigate the growth and development of crossbreeds obtained by crossing Tuvan coarse-wool short-fat-tailed ewes and a Gorno-Altai breed stud ram. The studies were conducted in 2023 in a private subsidiary farm in the village of Bayan-Kol, Kyzyl District, Kuu-Dag locality. As a result of crossing, first-generation crossbreed offspring were obtained. The obtained Gorno-Altai-Tuvan crossbreed young animals (experimental group) and purebred young animals of the Tuvan coarse-wool short-fat-tailed breed (control group) were selected for the experiment. Live weight was studied; absolute, average daily and relative gains were calculated. Measurements were also taken from the animals under study and body condition indices were calculated. The studies showed that the live weight of the crossbred young animals at birth was 5.16 kg, and at six months of age it was 37.48 kg, which is 1.28 and 1.14 times higher than that of the Tuvan short-fat-tailed breed, respectively. The crossbred animals grew well in width and had a more developed skeleton: the width at the hips (18.18 cm), chest girth (93.13 cm) and metacarpus girth (8.88 cm) were 1.37, 1.04 and 1.1 times higher, respectively. The measurements confirm the calculated indices of constitution: the index of massiveness of the crossbred young animals was 165.2 %, the index of bone content was 15.75 %, which is higher than that of purebred animals by 1.08 times and 1.14 times, respectively. However, the relative increase was 1.05 times higher in purebred young animals and was 156.0 %, which is most likely a consequence of the higher adaptability of Tuvan short-fat-tailed sheep to natural and climatic, feed conditions and their resistance to unfavorable factors.
GOAT MILK AS A PROMISING RAW MATERIAL IN CONDENSED PRODUCTS PRODUCTION ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SAANEN BREED OF THE DANIRINY KOZY MINI-FARM OF THE YAROSLAVL REGION
Authors: Danilova Irina , Skvorcova Elena , Berseneva Svetlana , Belov Aleksandr
Published: July 2024

The aim of research is to study the main chemical and biological indicators of goat milk as a new raw material for the production of condensed products with increased biological value, produced at the Daniriny Kozy mini-farm in the Yaroslavl Region. Objectives: to conduct a comparative chemical analysis of cow and goat milk as a raw material base for the production of condensed products; to determine the main physical properties of goat milk: heat stability and acidity; to identify the best indicators of fat and moisture content in the milk of goats at different lactation periods. The object of research is goat milk obtained from a herd of Saanen goats (aged 2–5 years) at the Daniriny Kozy enterprise in the Yaroslavl Region. The method of daily milk (milk yield) recording was used. Control milkings were carried out from 01.06.2023 to 31.08.2023. The unit of measurement is liters, due to the small volumes of milk and livestock. The daily milk yield, total for 3 milkings (morning, afternoon and evening), was taken into account. The amount of milk was recorded in a measuring container for each goat separately. Samples were collected and prepared according to GOST 26809-86. Determination of heat resistance, acidity, microbiological contamination of raw materials was carried out on the basis of the chemical-analytical laboratory of the livestock technology department of the Yaroslavl Research Institute of Animal Husbandry and Forage Production. Milk was tested for fat, protein and dry nonfat milk residue content using the Laktan 1-4 device. During the experiment, the chemical composition of cow's and goat's milk was determined, a comparative analysis of the organoleptic properties, fat and moisture content in the milk of goats of different lactation periods was carried out. Goat's milk obtained from goats of the 1st and 2nd year of lactation is character¬rized by higher fat content and lower moisture content. Such indicators not only improve the quality of the finished product, but also reduce its cost due to the energy efficiency of the industrial production process of the condensed product. The product obtained from goat milk was called Condensed goat milk.
SELECTION OF VACUUM PUMPS FOR CHEESE DRYING
Authors: Naumov Vladimir Arkadievich , Velikanov Nikolay , Sharkov Oleg
Published: July 2024

The objective of the study is to develop a methodology for selecting a specific vacuum pump from the manufacturer’s catalogue that would maintain the required parameters during cheese drying. The object of the study is the operation of domestically produced vacuum rotary vane pumps. The following were stu-died for the vacuum chamber: changes in individual parameters, such as air pressure and density, the effect of the initial product mass and the performance of vacuum rotary vane pumps on pressure. At the initial product mass M0 = 0.8 kg, the pressure increases insignificantly, the maximum value is 3.7 kPa; at M0 = 1.5 kg, the maximum pressure increases to 6.4 kPa; at M0 = 1.8 kg – up to 9.0 kPa; at M0 = 2.0 kg – up to 12.7 kPa. It was found that at M0 ≤ 0.8 kg, the drying conditions do not change compared to the control test data. Subsequently, with an increase in the initial product mass, the pressure in the vacuum chamber increases. The problem of selecting the performance of a vacuum vane-rotor pump that ensures drying of 12 kg of product under given conditions is considered. The paper presents a method for calcula-ting the performance of a vacuum pump, providing the necessary parameters for drying cheeses and selecting a specific pump. With an increase in the total volume of the pumped space, the duration of the preliminary drying stage increases. Vacuum drying methods use the latest technologies that minimize da-mage caused by biochemical changes that reduce nutritional value during the drying process. The described method can be used in developing a technology for drying various food products, designing appropriate pumping systems.
ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT TO PREDICT PECTIN PROPERTIES OBTAINED FROM PROTOPECTIN USING ENZYMES
Authors: Semenihin Semen , Fabrickaya Alla , Gorodeckiy Vladimir , Daisheva Nailya , Kotlyarevskaya Natal'ya , Lyusyy Natal'ya , Usmanov Mirsabir
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm for predicting the properties of pectin obtained from protopectin using enzymes. Objectives: to analyze the effect of various pectolytic enzymes on protopectin and to compile structural schemes for the transformation of the protopectin molecule. The paper presents data on the effect of the most common pectolytic enzymes – endopolygalacturonase, exopoly-galacturonase, pectin lyase, pectate lyase, pectin methylesterase, rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase and rhamnogalacturonan lyase on the chemical structure and predicted properties of the resulting pectin. Structural schemes for the transformation of the beet protopectin molecule under the influence of the above enzymes are presented. It has been shown that the use of endopolygalacturonases, exopolygalacturonases, pectin lyases and pectate lyases is ineffective for obtaining pectin, since these enzymes hydrolyze protopectin homogalacturonan to oligomers of galacturonic acid, which do not have the properties of pectin. It is noted that pectin methylesterases do not affect the size of the pectin molecule, but only reduce the degree of esterification. It has been established that rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases and rhamnogalacturonan lyases are the most promising enzymes for obtaining pectin from protopectin. It is noted that when using rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases, maximum preservation of the native properties of pectin is ensured, since the type of bonds inside the galacturonic acid molecules that form the main chain of homogalacturonan does not change, in contrast to the effect of rhamno¬galacturonan hydrolases, leading to the formation of double bonds between 4 and 5 carbon atoms in the terminal molecules of polygalacturonic acid. The use of rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase and rhamnogalacturonan lyase for obtaining pectin with the highest molecular weight is justified. Based on the analysis of the influence of the most common pectolytic enzymes on the chemical structure of pectin, an algorithm for predicting the properties of pectin has been developed, including 7 stages. Carrying out enzymatic hydrolysis of protopectin, according to the developed algorithm, will allow obtaining pectin with specified properties. The developed algorithm for predicting the properties of pectin can be used to deve¬lop the technology and modes of transformation of pectin-containing raw materials to obtain pectin with specified properties.
DISPERSION OBTAINING FOOD VITAMIN-CONTAINING CONCENTRATES
Authors: Simeonidi Diana , Bigaeva Irina , Hohoev Timur , Dzigoeva Marianna , Tatrov Acamaz
Published: July 2024

The objective of the study is to develop a technology for obtaining food vitamin-containing concentrates from natural raw materials using the high-frequency dispersion method. Tasks: to develop extraction conditions for obtaining a vitamin-containing concentrate based on sea buckthorn with maximum efficiency; to conduct an organoleptic and physicochemical analysis of the obtained sea buckthorn concentrate; to study the shelf life of the obtained concentrates; to determine the content of heavy metals in the sea buckthorn concentrate to confirm the environmental safety of the obtained product and the purity of the experiment. The objects of the study are technologies for producing food concentrates from natural plant materials. The developed technology was tested on the fruits of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), collected in the territory of the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania. The optimal extraction conditions for obtaining a vitamin-containing concentrate are presented, comparative results of the analysis of the vitamin composition of concentrates obtained using traditional technology and a concentrate prepared using the developed technology are given. Comparison of the results of the yield of products using the classical and proposed technologies for the production of sea buckthorn concentrates confirms the effectiveness of high-frequency dispersion in the process of obtaining food vitamin-containing concentrates. The proposed technology has an increased yield compared to classical ones by an average of 2 times. The developed technology for processing raw materials is a promising innovative approach to increasing the content of vitamins and preserving the beneficial properties of a natural product, since among the existing production technologies there is no method for extracting nutrients by dispersion using ultrasonic treatment in an organic medium. The shelf life of the concentrate was studied. To confirm the environmental safety of the product and the purity of the experiment, the content of heavy metals in the sea buckthorn concentrate was determined. According to the results of organoleptic analysis carried out in accordance with GOST ISO 6658-2016, the obtained sea buckthorn concentrate retains its main organoleptic characteristics, which increases its potential for use in the food industry. It is shown that the proposed technology allows solving the problem of import substitution and obtaining high-quality products using natural raw materials.
GINGERBREAD PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY WITH CEDAR CAKE POWDER ADDITION
Authors: Tipsina Nellya , Demidenko Galina
Published: July 2024

The objective of the study is to analyze the use of cedar cake powder in different percentage additives to wheat flour (second grade) in laboratory experiment variants; to use of the optimal dosage of cedar cake powder for enrichment of cedar gingerbread and improvement of the quality of this flour confectionery product; to improve production technology. The object of the study is samples of cedar gingerbread pro-ducts obtained by adding cedar cake powder (5; 10; 15 %) to second-grade wheat flour. To perform the study, well-known organoleptic and physicochemical methods for studying raw materials and finished products were used. The safety of raw materials was controlled by TR CU 021/2011 "On the safety of food products". The choice of the control – Dnieper gingerbread, is associated with the use of second-grade flour in its recipe and its low calorie content. Laboratory studies and their testing were carried out in 2023 at the Department of Technology of Bakery, Confectionery and Pasta Production of Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University. The finished flour confectionery product – cedar gingerbread was tested using stan¬dard methods in accordance with GOST R 58233-2-18; GOST 15810-2014. The cedar gingerbread sample with 15 % additive can be considered enriched, possessing improved quality indicators. The advantage of quality assessment is the pleasant smell (aroma) of cedar nut and an increased mass fraction of fat – 1.90 %. Organoleptic and physicochemical indicators and increased nutritional value of the enriched cedar gingerbread sample allow us to give an "excellent" rating on the rating scale (29.8 points). The generally accepted technology for the production of raw unglazed gingerbread was used. In the technology for ma¬king cedar gingerbread, the dough kneading stage was improved. Flour, cedar cake powder, soda and ammonium dissolved in water were added to the finished syrup. Profitability was 19 %. The production of cedar gingerbread is possible to expand the range and increase the production of flour confectionery products for all groups of the population.
POTATO REGENERANTS MORPHOGENESIS INTENSITY WHEN USING LIGHTING OF VARIOUS SPECTRAL COMPOSITION
Authors: Bakunov Aleksei , Rubtsov Sergei , Milekhin Aleksei , Dmitrieva Nadezhda
Published: July 2024

The aim of research is to establish the optimal parameters of LED lighting for in vitro cultivation of meristem plants of different potato varieties in order to optimize the elements of the original potato seed production technology. Research was conducted in 2023 in the laboratory of agricultural plant biotechnology of the Samara Research Institute of Agriculture. The object of research was meristem plants of six potato varieties. The explants were grown on a Murashige-Skoog nutrient medium for 40 days using various sources of artificial LED lighting. The photoperiod duration was 16 hours, the air temperature was 22–24 °C, the relative humidity was 70–75 %. After 10, 20, 30 and 40 days of cultivation, the biometric para¬meters of the regenerants were measured – plant length and the number of internodes. When growing meristematic potato plants in vitro, lighting of different spectral composition had a positive effect on the growth and development of regenerants at different periods of their development. At the initial stages of vegetation, the maximum parameters of growth and development of regenerants were revealed when using white and combined lighting. By the end of the vegetation period, plants in the variant with red-violet spectrum lighting were characterized by a significantly higher length and number of internodes. A pronounced variety-specific response of meristematic plants to different lighting conditions was shown. During the entire exposure period, an increase in the share of the influence of the interaction of genotypic and environmental factors on the variability of plant length was noted. The interaction of factors was also decisive for the number of internodes in the first 30 days of vegetation. In the last decade of vegetation, the maximum contribution to the variability of the trait was made by the lighting factor. For practical use in ori¬ginal seed production of potatoes, individual selection of LED lighting parameters for each variety is recommended with a gradual increase in the red-violet spectrum after the tenth day of exposure.
AGROCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOYBEAN RHIZOSPHERE WHEN APPLYING SEEDS BACTERIZATION
Authors: Popolzuhina Nina , Shuliko Natal'ya , Kiseleva Alina
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of pre-sowing bacterization of soybean seeds with strains of the biopreparation Rizotorfin on the agrochemical and biological properties of the rhizosphere. The study was conducted in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The object of the study was new varieties bred by the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center – Sibiriada and Sibiriada 20. The soil of the experimental plot is meadow-chernozem medium-deep heavy loamy with a humus content of 6.5 %. The study of the microbial pool of the meadow-chernozem soil was carried out in a field experiment to evaluate the effect of pre-sowing bacterization of seeds on the agrochemical and biological pro¬perties of the soybean rhizosphere. In the root zone, the content of nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3), the number of agronomically significant groups of microorganisms, and the direction of soil-microbiological processes were determined. Against the background of the use of microbiological preparations, the amount of nitrate nitrogen did not change significantly. The changes in amylolytic and saprotrophic microflora are presented, reflecting the direction of soil-microbiological processes in the rhizosphere of soybean varieties, where immobilization processes were predominant. Inoculation of Sibiriada 20 soybean seeds with Rizotorfin promoted activation of the soil organic matter transformation process, the transformation coefficient varied from 61.0 to 132.7, reaching maximum values when using strain BP 835. In the root zone, a significant increase in saprotrophic microflora was observed in the Sibiriada 20 variety when bacterizing seeds with Rizotorfin, strain 634 (72 % of the control). Microorganisms of the tested group in the rhizosphere of the Sibiriada variety experienced depression when introducing strains of symbiotic nitrogen fixers into the soil, the decrease was 32 and 63 % of the control, which may be due to the genotypic characteristics of the varieties. The activity of amylolytic microorganisms changed with a tendency similar to saprotrophic bacteria. The highest efficiency of inoculation on the yield of soybean grain was noted in 2022. In the extremely dry conditions of 2023, a reliable effect of the bacterization factor on crop productivity was revealed. The most effective strain for the Sibiriada variety was BP 634 (+0.44 t/ha), for the Sibiriada 20 variety – strain BP 835 (+0.42 t/ha).
COMPARISON OF INDUSTRIAL VARIETIES OF GARDEN STRAWBERRY FRAGARIA × ANANASSA IN THE MOSCOW REGION CONDITIONS
Authors: Ladyzhenskaya Ol'ga , Simahin Maksim , Kryuchkova Viktoriya , Donskih Vitaliy
Published: July 2024

The objective of the study is to identify the most promising varieties of garden strawberries for cultivation under industrial conditions in the Moscow Region. The study was carried out in 2022 and 2023 on the territory of the Kolomenskaya Yagoda farm (Moscow Region). The objects of the study were the following varieties of garden strawberries: Aromas, Clery, Mara des Bois, Monterey and San Andreas. The year of planting was 2022. The soil of the experimental plot was gray forest loamy. Planting pattern: 2.0 m bet¬ween rows and 0.3 m in a row between plants. Agrotextile (density 120 g/m2) was used in the experimental plots. Drip irrigation was installed on the plantation. Records and observations were carried out according to the classical methodology of setting up experiments with fruit crops by E.N. Sedov, T.P. Ogoltsova. For the study, 30 fruits were randomly selected and their quantitative (fruit length (mm), fruit diameter (mm), fruit weight (g), content of soluble dry substances (°Bx), fruit density (g), peduncle length (mm)) and qualitative (fruit color, glossiness, aroma) traits were assessed. Strawberries Mara des Bois, with minimal length (22.2 mm), diameter (20.4 mm), weight (5.2 g) and density (457.8 g), have the highest content of soluble dry substances (13.4 Bx°). The varieties Aromas, Clery and San Andreas have the maximum length, diameter and weight, but Aromas has a high accumulation of sugars at low fruit density, while Clery and San Andreas have medium and low content of soluble dry substances at high density. Contingency analysis revealed a highly reliable relationship between fruit length, width and weight (0.709–0.897). Organoleptic observations showed that fruits of 4 varieties have a red color. Strong glossiness was noted in Clery, Mara des Bois and San Andreas. Aromas, Mara des Bois and San Andreas have a strong aroma.
EVALUATION OF WINTER RYE SIBIR' 5 VARIETY
Authors: Triputin Vladimir , Kashuba Yuriy , Kovtunenko Andrey
Published: July 2024

The objective of the study is to evaluate the new variety of tetraploid winter rye Sibir' 5 in terms of yield and grain quality, and elements of crop structure. The experiments were conducted in 2021–2023 in the fields of the Omsk Agricultural Research Center. The object of research was tetraploid rye varieties from competitive variety testing of the winter crop selection laboratory. Sibir' 5 variety was obtained by individual-family selection from a combination of crossing Yubileynaya 25 / Tetra korotkaya. The growing season of the new variety is 327 days. Winter hardiness of Sibir' 5 variety is at the level of the standard Sibir variety (95 versus 96 %). The new variety is resistant to shattering (5 points) and lodging (4.4 points). Sibir' 5 va¬riety is more productive than Sibir' and Sibir' 4 winter rye varieties previously created in the laboratory. The excess in grain yield amounted to 0.43 to 0.49 t/ha. The new variety is less tall. Sibir' 5 variety is distinguished by better expression of productive tillering, grain content and ear grain weight. Among the grain quality indicators, the new variety is characterized by a high falling number (171 s). Among the elements of the yield structure, it has an average level of variation in the ear grain content (17.1 %). This trait in all rye varieties is most closely associated with the ear grain weight (r = 0.854–0.897), and therefore selection by it will be more effective than by the weight of 1000 grains (r = 0.582–0.686). Sibir' 5 variety has been submitted for State Variety Testing in 2023 and is recommended for use in the Ural, West Siberian and East Siberian Regions.
SOIL BACTERIA FROM AUTOCHTHONIC MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES OF CENTRAL SIBERIA IN BIOLOGICAL PROTECTION OF WHEAT FROM ALTERNARIA TENUISSIMA
Authors: Puchkova Elena , Alekseeva Anastasiya
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to find the strongest soil microorganisms from autochthonous microbial communities of Central Siberia against phytopathogenic micromycetes Alternaria tenuissima. The object of the study is autochthonous soil bacteria isolated from the soils of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe in the Sukhobuzimsky District. Soil samples were taken from under spring wheat Novosibirskaya 15 and from under perennial grasses. The soil cover is represented by ordinary leached chernozem. Ammonium nitrate was used (34.7 kg/ha active ingredient). The climatic conditions are moderately dry and continental. The studies were carried out in 2022–2023. Antagonistic activity was measured on the GRM Saburo. With a general growth of the test culture and soil bacteria, the strongest antagonists were found in the suppression zone of Alternaria tenuissima. The identification of the most powerful bacterial antagonists in reducing the intensity and prevalence of root rot was carried out using the method of artificial infection with Alternaria tenuissima. Before infection with micromycete, bacterization of spring wheat seeds Novosibirskaya 15 with the studied bacterial isolates was carried out. Mathematical processing of the obtained results was carried out by one-way variance analysis and two-sample F-test for variance. The results of the study on the use of soil autochthonous antagonist microorganisms in biological protection of spring wheat from the causative agents of root rot Alternaria tenuissima showed that the studied bacterial isolates statistically significantly (p < 0.01) reduced the intensity and prevalence of this disease. The maxi-mum effect in reducing the intensity and prevalence of the disease was shown by isolates B2 and B4. Also, the studied bacterial strains showed a significant effect (p < 0.001) on the length of sprouts. The greatest increase in length in spring wheat sprouts was in the experimental variant with strain B2. This strain can be recommended not only for protection against Alternaria tenuissima, but also for stimuli-ting wheat growth.
Keragaman Pengembangan Kompetensi Pedagogik Pendidik PAUD
Authors: Fitria Nila , Lestari Astri
Published: July 2024

Kompetensi guru merupakan kemampuan mumpuni yang harus dimiliki oleh pendidik PAUD untuk membentuk siswa yang berkualitas, terutama kompetensi pedagogik. Kompetensi pedagogik merupakan kemampuan guru untuk memahami karakteristik anak, merancang pembelajaran, dan melaksanakan pembelajaran. Penyusunan artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kompetensi guru di berbagai Negara dan perbandingannya dengan kompetensi guru di Indonesia. Penelitian dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari studi empiris dan literatur dengan mendokumentasikan dan mereview semua artikel terkait kompetensi pedagogik. Diperoleh 21 artikel jurnal nasional dan jurnal internasional terakreditasi yang diperoleh dari google scholar, researchgate, SINTA, DOAJ, dan Scopus. Berdasarkan kajian literatur didapatkan bahwa kompetensi pedagogik guru berpengaruh pada keberhasilan dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas karena itulah semua penelitian itu merekomendasikan hal yang sama, yaitu 1)proses pendidik PAUD memiliki kompetensi pedagogik melalui monitoring yang dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah, 2)peningkatan kompetensi pedagogik bekerjasama dengan pemerintahan, dan perguruan tinggi yang memiliki jurusan Pendidikan anak usia dini dan 3)keragaman pengembangan konten pada kompetensi pedagogik merujuk pada memahami karakteristik anak, merancang kegiatan pembelajaran, melakukan penilaian, pengelolaan kelas, dan melakukan komunikasi yang efektif.
MAPEAMENTO EM ESTUDOS CIENTÍFICOS
Authors: Coutinho Vinicius da Silva , Brito Mirian Ferreira de , Santos Márcia Guena dos
Published: July 2024

O presente estudo objetiva identificar e analisar as pesquisas publicadas na Revista Temática, no período de junho de 2018 a maio de 2023 (cinco anos), que tratam sobre mapeamento. Para tanto, trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa com análise de conteúdo. O material de análise foi encontrado a partir da busca pelo descritor “mapeamento”, no banco de artigos publicados no periódico em estudo, formando um corpus com sete pesquisas, que são: Sturmer (2019), Loss et al. (2021), Ritter e Bulegon (2021), Sartori e Pereira (2022), Paulo et al. (2022), Menezes et al. (2023) e Caldas (2023). Por fim, ao analisar os trabalhos, constatamos múltiplas formas de utilização do mapeamento, algumas com uma explicação mais profunda teoricamente e outras que apenas aplicam o procedimento. Notamos que, com o mapeamento sistemático e a utilização de gráficos, quadros e figuras, os dados ficam mais acessíveis ao entendimento e a pesquisa apresenta-se mais completa.
METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS NO ENSINO DE QUÍMICA
Authors: Silva Samuel Freitas , Ferreira Júnior José Milton , Paiva Maria Mabelle Pereira Costa , Colares Regilany Paulo
Published: July 2024

O ensino de Química no ensino médio tem sido amplamente debatido em documentos oficiais ligados à educação. A persistência de uma abordagem pedagógica centrada em atividades que enfatizam a memorização e a reprodução mecânica de informações tem contribuído para a desmotivação dos alunos em relação ao estudo dos conteúdos relacionados a essa componente curricular. Diante desse cenário, emergem as Metodologias Ativas (MA), que buscam introduzir uma nova dinâmica no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, voltada para o desenvolvimento da participação ativa e autônoma do estudante. Nesse contexto, a presente investigação propõe a aplicação de uma Sequência Didática (SD) a partir da temática "Química dos Hidrocarbonetos", com o propósito de analisar seus impactos no ambiente da sala de aula em uma escola de ensino médio regular. A aplicação das atividades que integraram a proposta em destaque resultou na adoção de uma metodologia de ensino diversificada. Com o uso da SD, foi possível criar um ambiente de estudo motivador, no qual os estudantes participaram ativamente da construção do conhecimento, através de uma abordagem envolvente e contextualizada.
UMA IMERSÃO NAS PRÁTICAS DE MENTALIDADES MATEMÁTICAS COM O 6º ANO
Authors: Costa Liliana Manuela Gaspar Cerveira da , Silva Junior João Domingos Gomes da
Published: July 2024

Entre os vários fatores que influenciam a relação dos alunos com a Matemática pode incluir-se o seu tipo de mentalidade, a existência de alguns neuromitos e  mensagens que a sociedade, o meio familiar e a escola lhes enviam. Procurando inverter a relação negativa que os alunos têm com a matemática e que se vai intensificando com o avanço na escolaridade, afigurou-se que o 6º ano seria o momento de introduzir uma nova abordagem pedagógica que propõe uma mudança de paradigma, que abrange não só as mentalidades, mas também, novas formas de intervenção pelo professor e novos tipos de tarefas que valorizam diferentes estratégias no tratamento das mesmas. A aplicação dessa abordagem nas turmas do 6º ano, em conformidade com as competências e habilidades a desenvolver que constam da BNCC bem como com os objetos de conhecimento que constam da base é o cerne desta proposta de projeto de ensino que é apresentada no presente trabalho.
RAPOSAS E GALINHAS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DO SENSO NUMÉRICO
Authors: Costa Liliana Manuela Gaspar Cerveira da , Andrade Camila Sandoval de
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho resulta de uma reflexão sobre a importância da utilização de diferentes estratégias que visam promover uma mentalidade de crescimento junto aos alunos, como preconizado por Jo Boaler na abordagem Mentalidades Matemáticas. Nesse sentido, são apresentadas atividades interdisciplinares, realizadas por crianças do final da Educação Infantil e do 1º Ano dos Anos Iniciais que exploram a contagem e a construção do conceito de número, bem como o seu significado, incentivando o reconhecimento da relação número quantidade e sua abstração numérica, recorrendo a diferentes representações para a composição do número 10, em contraponto a uma prática mecânica e repetitiva.
MENTALIDADES MATEMÁTICAS E O USO DO DIAMANTE DE PAPEL
Authors: Grützmann Thaís Philipsen
Published: July 2024

Este artigo apresenta um relato de experiência da atividade Diamante de Papel sobre Geometria, no contexto das Mentalidades Matemática, de Boaler (2018, 2019, 2020). Esta foi realizada com acadêmicos da Licenciatura em Matemática, da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, na disciplina de Laboratório de Educação Matemática II. O objetivo aqui é descrever e problematizar o apresentado pelos acadêmicos nos diamantes, a partir das representações sobre o que é Geometria. Participaram da atividade 27 alunos, de duas turmas. No início da aula os acadêmicos construíram um Diamante de Papel, ao centro escreveram Geometria e nos quatro espaços deveriam colocar suas representações sobre o que é Geometria. A aula seguiu abordando sobre o tema Mentalidades Matemáticas, a partir das mentalidades fixa e de crescimento, o erro e a visualidade no ensino da Matemática. Dos resultados, categorizados a partir da percepção da pesquisadora, percebeu-se que as representações que mais apareceram foram: triângulos (16), figuras espaciais (16) e figuras planas (13), o que indica que a geometria ainda é vista, prioritariamente, por figuras geométricas.
MATEMÁTICA É PARA TODAS!
Authors: Amparo Pâmera Veluma Santos do , Castro Juscileide Braga de , Santana Eurivalda Ribeiro dos Santos
Published: July 2024

Este relato de experiência tem como objetivo apresentar e refletir sobre a importância de favorecer o empoderamento e a representatividade feminina na Matemática, no contexto escolar. O referencial teórico fundamenta-se no modelo dialético Expressar - Propiciar e Alcançar Expectativas para a aprendizagem da Matemática com Equidade e nos pressupostos de Equidade na abordagem Mentalidades Matemáticas. Esse relato de experiência é um estudo de natureza qualitativa descritiva, desenvolvido com 10 estudantes do 9° ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola municipal de Maraú, Bahia, com foco na participação de duas meninas. A atividade relatada consiste no processo de produção e apresentação do projeto “Aplicando Matemática Financeira no Turismo de Maraú”, para a XV Feira da Matemática. Dentre os resultados, fica evidente a mudança de postura das meninas frente a aprendizagem da Matemática. Apesar das dificuldades, as meninas passaram a acreditar em si, percebendo que eram capazes de aprender Matemática, com participação ativa.
Desarrollo Empresarial en Tarma: Innovación y Sostenibilidad
Authors: Carhuas-Callupe César Luis , Alanya-Flores Angela Agustina , Guadalupe-Pérez Renzo Jhojhan , Quispe-Henriquez Angelo Brayan , Ramirez-Cavides Karolay Shirley , Zubiaurre-Huachhuaco Clara Teofila , Vega-Sanchez Jennifer Estefane , Campos-Jaime Joyce Coraima , Velasquez-Bullón Jazmin Mirella , Espinoza-Cirineo Miguel Benito , Leguia-Quiñonez Rocio Pilar
Published: July 2024

En el dinámico y competitivo mundo actual, las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) enfrentan desafíos y oportunidades sin precedentes. La globalización, el avance tecnológico y las nuevas demandas del mercado han transformado el panorama empresarial, obligando a las PYMES a adaptarse y evolucionar constantemente. Este libro titulado: “DESARROLLO EMPRESARIAL EN TARMA: INNOVACIÓN Y SOSTENIBILIDAD” se propone explorar diversas facetas cruciales para la gestión y el éxito de las PYMES, abordando temas desde la implementación tecnológica hasta la gestión del talento humano y las estrategias de negocio innovadoras. Por jóvenes impetuosos de la línea de administración.
Exploring Pharmacists' Perceptions of Interprofessional Collaboration: Attitudes, Challenges, and Benefits in Healthcare Teams
Authors: - Naif H. Helman , - Badr I. Alrufaiq
Published: July 2024

This qualitative study explores pharmacists' perceptions of interprofessional collaboration, focusing on attitudes, challenges, and benefits within healthcare teams. 10 practicing pharmacists from varied settings participated in semi-structured interviews. Themes emerged regarding attitudes, including positive outlooks and communication challenges. Challenges identified encompassed role ambiguity and time constraints. Benefits highlighted enhanced patient care and professional growth. Implications include the need for clear communication strategies and ongoing interdisciplinary training. The study underscores the importance of collaboration in improving patient care outcomes and professional development.
Role of Pharmacists in Managing Opioid Use Disorder: Examining the Experiences and Opinions of Pharmacists on Their Role in Managing and Preventing Opioid Dependence
Authors: - Naif H. Helman , - Badr I. Alrufaiq
Published: July 2024

This qualitative study explores the role of pharmacists in managing opioid use disorder (OUD) by investigating their experiences and opinions. Through in-depth interviews, the study examines pharmacists' perspectives on their involvement in opioid dependence management, including challenges faced and potential strategies for improving patient care. Findings highlight pharmacists' pivotal role in harm reduction, patient education, and collaboration within healthcare teams to address the opioid crisis.
Patient and Family Perspectives on Decision-Making During Mechanical Ventilation Withdrawal: Exploring Emotional and Ethical Considerations
Authors: - Salem A. Alshahrani , - Omar A. Alzumai , - Hashem F. Alsamannoudi , - Mohammed A. Al Mesned
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
Objective: This study aims to explore the perspectives of patients and families on decision-making during mechanical ventilation withdrawal, focusing on emotional, ethical, and cultural considerations.

Methods: A qualitative approach was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with 20 family members and 10 patients, alongside two focus groups comprising healthcare workers and family members. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key themes and sub-themes.

Findings: The study identified three primary themes: emotional impact, ethical dilemmas, and communication and support. Families experienced significant emotional distress, characterized by feelings of guilt, grief, and uncertainty. Ethical considerations centered on respecting patient autonomy and balancing benefits and burdens. Effective communication and emotional support from healthcare providers were crucial in aiding families during the decision-making process. Cultural and religious beliefs played a significant role in shaping decisions.

Conclusion: The decision to withdraw mechanical ventilation involves complex emotional and ethical considerations, heavily influenced by cultural and religious contexts. Healthcare providers must enhance their communication strategies and offer robust emotional and ethical support to families. Understanding these perspectives can lead to better end-of-life care practices.