bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of feedback from first-year undergraduate medical students who attended foundation course at a teaching institution in South India
Authors: James Tinju , Ajith Thekkuttuparambil Ananthanarayanan , Joson Donia , Thomas Betsy
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND:

Medical Council of India has suggested competency-based curriculum for undergraduate students to make it learner centric. One-month “Foundation course” was introduced at the beginning of the course to promote better adaptation to the new curriculum. A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the feedback from students who attended the foundation course.

MATERIALS And METHODS:

All first-year Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery students who underwent 1-month foundation course were included in the study. The course was conducted in six modules. All the sessions were handled by efficient resource people and conducted in an interactive manner. A form in which response against each topic/talk was graded as average, good, or excellent was used to obtain the feedback. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 16 software. Responses among various modules were subjected to Chi-square two-sided test with Yates's correction.

RESULTS:

A total of 98 students (32 males and 66 females) attended the foundation course of 21 days. Among the modules conducted, basic skill training module was scored excellent (67%) remarks, followed by sports and extracurricular activities (64.6%) (P = 0.8806). Among the skill training module, both basic life support training and first aid on medicine/pediatrics achieved 92% excellent score. One of the orientation module sessions, research methodology, scored least. The descending order of excellent remarks was skill module > sports and extracurricular activities > field visit to the community and primary health center > orientation modules > enhancement of language.

CONCLUSION:

Attention should be given to include more topics concerned to the modules of skill training and extracurricular activities in upcoming years. Foundation courses can increase the confidence and better adaptability of the students toward a new environment.
The association between social support and psychological factors with health-promoting behaviours in pregnant women
Authors: Rashan Nasrin , Sharifi Nasibeh , Fathnezhad-Kazemi Azita , Golnazari Khadijeh , Taheri Safoura
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Health promotion is one of the most important aspects in pregnancy, and health-promoting behaviors are one of the major determinants of health under the influence of various factors. This study aimed to determine the association between social support and psychological factors with health-promoting behaviors in pregnant women.

MATERIALS And METHODS:

This cross-sectional was performed on 375 pregnant women when they had 24–28 weeks in Ilam, October 2018 to May 2019. Two-stage cluster sampling was performed after checking the inclusion criteria. Data collection tools consisted of four questionnaires that were completed in self-report form. The collected data were analyzed by the descriptive and inferential tests with the SPSS software version 19.

RESULTS:

The mean score of health-promoting behaviors was 139.87 (21.26) and self-healing and physical activity had the highest and the lowest mean 27.67 (4.84) and 16.29 (4.84), respectively. Linear regression analysis showed a significant difference between different level of stress, anxiety, depression, and social support with health-promoting behaviors (P < 0.001). The results showed that one-point increase in the score of stress, anxiety, and depression led to the 2.2%, 6.1%, and 24.1% reduction of health-promoting behaviors, respectively, and one-point score increase in social support resulted in 40% increase in health-promoting behaviors (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

A negative association was found between psychological factors and a positive relationship with health-promoting behaviors. Although perceived moderate health promotion behaviors and perceived social support were moderate, they did not have a good status in terms of psychological factors. Given awareness of the issues under study in each region is essential and planning to improve stress, anxiety, and depression, as well as promoting and correcting inappropriate behaviors through planned interventions are required.
Role of written examination in the assessment of attitude ethics and communication in medical students
Authors: Ghosh Arindam , Bir Aritri
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND:

The study aims to record the perceptions of medical faculties regarding the effectiveness of theory-based examination to assess the newly introduced competencies of attitude ethics and communication (AETCOM) in the competency-based medical curriculum for Indian medical graduates.

MATERIALS And METHODS:

This is an analytical cross-sectional study performed on the month of February 2020 where a prevalidated questionnaire consisting of components of AETCOM was e-mailed to the teaching faculties of IQ City Medical College via Google Forms. Consenting faculties responded. Their results were analyzed by inbuilt Google statistics and were cross-verified with SPSS 20.0.

RESULTS:

Sixty percent faculties strongly agree regarding the beneficial role of mandatory inclusion of AETCOM competencies in competency-based medical education. About 61.66% of faculties strongly agree that both formative assessment and summative assessment of AETCOM are essential. Although 48.33% of faculties believed that theoretical questions can be used to assess AETCOM, 51.66% of faculties do not agree that theory examination serves as an effective tool to assess AETCOM. They believe that AETCOM cannot be written on paper and attitude can change in reality when facing a real-world clinical scenario in contrast to what is written in answer script during creative writing.

CONCLUSIONS:

Assessment of AETCOM is essential and it should be preferably done via a practical approach in a real-world simulated scenario and not by written theoretical examination.
Effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on self-criticism of the women applying for divorce
Authors: Shavandi Hasan , Veshki Sahar Khanjani
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Making decision for separation from the spouse is one of the crises which are followed by unpleasant feelings such as self-criticism in the people. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) on self-criticism of the women applying for divorce.

MATERIALS And METHODS:

The research design was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, and control group type. The population included all the women applying for divorce who referred to an intervention-in-crisis center under the supervision of the organization of well-being in the city of Tehran in 2019. It had the convenient sampling method where the subjects were accommodated into two groups of fifteen women both in the experimental and control groups. The present study had the convenient nonrandom sampling method and the statistical population included 30 women from whom 15 women were accommodated into experimental group and so were 15 in the control group. Sampling method was in available, nonrandom type wherein 15 women were accommodated in the experimental group and so were 15 women in the control group. The experimental group participated in eight 90-min sessions of CFT and the control group did not receive any intervention. Before and after practical experimental administration, both the groups were assessed through self-criticism questionnaire by Smart et al. (2016). The statistical method used in the data analysis was ANCOVA.

RESULTS:

The results showed that at the error level of 0.5, after controlling the effect of pretest scores as a covariance factor, the mean of the experimental group was significantly lower than the mean of the control group, which shows that CFT approach has been effective in reducing self-criticism.

CONCLUSION:

As a result, CFT approach can help the people who face the crisis of making decision for divorce and self-criticism to be able to confront this issue effectively and achieve mental health.
Recognition of factors affecting the use of volunteer clinical forces in hospitals in Tehran
Authors: Hasani Mahdi , Gorji Hassan Abolghasem , Panahi Sirous
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Volunteers are valuable human resources for service-providing organizations. Health system requires their participation and cooperation in all sectors to achieve more success. The present study was conducted to recognize factors influencing the use of volunteer clinical forces (VCFs) in Tehran hospitals from 2018 to 2020.

METHODS:

This is a qualitative study, based on grounded theory approach, and was done through semi-structured interviews. The studied population included the experts, managers of hospitals, and high-ranking managers in the Ministry of Health, Iranian Red Crescent Organization, and health nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Nineteen persons were selected by purposeful sampling method and interviewed. The achieved data were analyzed by content analysis method.

RESULTS:

The results showed that using VCFs in Tehran's hospitals was affected by eight following factors: organizational, legal, policy-making, economic, social, security, personal, and cultural dimensions. These findings illustrated the necessity of making changes in the structures, the rules, and the culture of health system to fit the bases with new approaches.

CONCLUSION:

VCFs amplify the quality and structure of service providing for patients in hospitals. The focus of policymakers and high-ranking managers in health system is on accelerating their use permanently and legally. Developing health-centered NGOs facilitates the access to VCF, lessens nonclinical loads of hospitals, and improves the organization of human forces. The experiences and knowledge of VCFs cause to develop hospitals' resilience, develop social participation, and improve social capitals in medical field.
Restrictors of the effectiveness of diabetes self-management education
Authors: Yazdani Faridokht , Abazari Parvaneh , Haghani Fariba , Iraj Bijan
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND:

A key step for improving the effectiveness of diabetes self-management education (DSME) is to identify its restrictors.

OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this study was to explore the restrictors of the effectiveness of DSME.

METHODS:

This descriptive qualitative study was conducted in March 2016–2017. Participants were 16 DSME providers (viz., physicians, nurses, nutritionists, and psychologists) and nine DSME receivers (viz., patients and their family members) – 25 in total. Semi-structured interviews were held for data collection. Interviews were transcribed word by word and analyzed through conventional content analysis approach proposed by Graneheim and Lundman.

RESULTS:

The restrictors of the effectiveness of DSME were categorized into three main categories and 11 subcategories, namely patients' limited welcoming of DSME classes (allocating limited time for participation in DSME classes, inadequate knowledge about diabetes mellitus [DM] importance, inappropriate educational environment, and financial problems), unfavorable adherence to treatments: serious challenge (inattention to educations, poor motivation for adherence to medical recommendations, and inattention to the psychological aspects of DM), and the difficulty of adult education (the difficulty of changing health-related attitudes and behaviors, mere information delivery during education, adults' physical and perceptual limitations, and diabetes educators' limited competence in adult education).

CONCLUSION:

The findings of the present study provide an in-depth understanding about the restrictors of the effectiveness of DSME. DM management authorities and policymakers can use these findings to develop strategies for improving the effectiveness of DSME.
Oral health practitioners’ knowledge, attitude, and awareness about coronavirus
Authors: Jafari Abdosaleh , Mohammadpour Mohammadtaghi , Ghanbarzadegan Arash , Rossi-Fedele Giampiero , Bastani Peivand
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND:

Oral health practitioners are at the frontline of infection, particularly with respiratory viruses such as the novel coronavirus. Knowledge, awareness, and attitude of these workers are considered important in preventing and controlling the outbreak. This study aims to review the literature to provide a better understanding of the status of dentists and other oral health practitioners' knowledge, attitude, and awareness about COVID-19.

METHODS:

A systematic review was conducted through Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest up to May 6, 2020. All the knowledge, attitude, and practice studies on oral health workers about respiratory contagious outbreak the same as severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and COVID-19 were included in the meta-analysis.

RESULTS:

A total of eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. 85.5% of the dentists and oral health practitioners had a high level of awareness about virus transmission modes (95% confidence interval [CI]: 78.6%–92.4%; P < 0.001). 80.7% of the oral health practitioners gave right answers to the questions related to virus transmission modes (95% CI: 69.9%–91.4%; P < 0.001), and 79.9% of the dentists had a positive attitude about virus transmission modes (95% CI: 66.4%–93.4%; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

This meta-analysis shows that the level of dentists and oral health practitioners' knowledge, awareness, and attitude was relatively high about the respiratory contagious diseases as well as COVID-19. The present results can shed further light for policymakers to support the best evidence medical education for all health-care workers the same as oral health practitioners. Preventing the dissemination of misinformation along with preparing comprehensive guidelines can be considered by the oral health policymakers, particularly in the more infected regions.
The Olfactory Mucosa of Butter Catfish Clupisoma garua (Siluriformes, Ailiidae)
Authors: Ghosh Saroj Kumar
Published: January 2021

Objective:

The olfactory system is one of the most important chemosensory systems for teleosts. The olfactory epithelium of freshwater catfish Clupisoma garua (Siluriformes, Ailiidae) was studied by the aid of light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

Materials and Methods:

Mature sex-independent fish species were collected from Hooghly River, a distributary channel of river Ganga. Following routine procedure of ultrastructural techniques, different sensory and nonsensory cells lining the olfactory epithelium were described.

Results:

The lamella contained two epithelia, with a central core sandwiched in between. Based on distribution pattern and structural characteristics of cell, each olfactory lamella was differentiated into sensory and nonsensory epithelium. The smaller sensory epithelium contained morphologically distinct ciliated, microvillous, and rod receptor cells, distinguished based on staining patterns, characteristic length, and architecture of their dendritic terminals. The nonsensory epithelium comprising the greater surface area was made up of labyrinth cells, mast cells, supporting cells, ciliated nonsensory cells, and basal cells. The cilia furnished a characteristic 9 + 2 microtubule arrangement.

Conclusion:

The functional significance of various cells on the olfactory epithelium was correlated with behavior of the fish concerned.
Raisins Preserve Thyroid Gland Function and Structure in an Animal Model of Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Ayuob Nasra , Shaker Soad Ali , Bakhshwin Abdulaziz , Alsaggaf Samar , Helal Ghada , Hamed Shereen
Published: January 2021

Background:

Statins are among the first line of pharmacological treatment of lipid disorders and lowering serum cholesterol, but they have many side effects.

Aim:

The study aim was to evaluate the role of raisins in protecting the thyroid function and structure in a rat model of hypercholesterolemia, through biochemical and histopathological investigation.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty male rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10 each) of albino rats included the control, high cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed for 13 weeks and HCD plus Raisins were included in this study. Blood levels of glucose, insulin, cholesterol, lipids, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), T3, T4, oxidants/anti-oxidants were assessed. Thyroid gland was processed and examined histopathologically using light and electron microscopy.

Results:

Feeding HCD resulted in hypercholesterolemia in rats after 13 weeks as evidence by lipid profile. Ingestion of raisins along with HCD resulted in a significant (P < 0.001) decrease in the levels of insulin, blood glucose, thyroxine (T4) and malondialdehyde (MDA), while the levels of TSH, T3 and total anti-oxidant capacity significantly (P < 0.001) elevated. Raisins histologically alleviated the HCD-induced structural changes in the thyroid glands that included degenerated mitochondria and increased lipid droplets in the cytoplasm.

Conclusions:

Simultaneous administration of raisins along with HCD, administrated for a short time, could modulate the negative effect on thyroid gland structure and function.
Effects of a home based exercise intervention on cardiac biomarkers, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic outcomes in CABG and PCI patients
Authors: Olgoye Ashrafolsadat Mashhad , Samadi Ali , Jamalian Seyed Ali
Published: January 2021

Background:

We investigated the impact of a home-based exercise intervention (HBEI) on cardiac biomarkers, liver enzymes, cardiometabolic outcomes, and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in clinically stable patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Materials and Methods:

The study was a nonrandomized clinical trial conducted in Tehran, Iran, from July 2019 to January 2020. Forty cardiac patients (after the cardiac intervention, CABG, n = 32; PCI, n = 8) were recruited based on the study inclusion criteria and were allocated consecutively to one of two groups: (1) HBEI (n = 18) and (2) conventional center-based exercise program (CBEP, n = 22). The CBEP group performed the routine exercise program of Sadr Heart Clinic, and the HBEI group performed a home-based remotely monitored exercise protocol, both three times per week, for 8 weeks. The following variables were assessed before and after the intervention: anthropometric measures; blood pressure; lipid profile; cardiac biomarkers including cardiac troponin I, creatine kinase, and total and Mb isozyme; liver enzymes including aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase; creatinine; urea; exercise capacity; and HRQL.

Results:

In comparison with pretest in both CBEP and HBEI groups, a significant improvement in all of the measured variables (P < 0.05), but not in ejection fraction was observed (P > 0.05). Moreover, in the CBEP group, a more significant decline in troponin I levels (P = 0.03), and in the HBEI group, a greater reduction in weight (P = 0.01) and body mass index (P = 0.04) occurred.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that a properly designed and monitored HBEI may be as effective as conventional center-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) exercise programs and should be encouraged in those cardiac patients who are unable or uninterested in conventional center-based CR exercise programs.
Moves on k-graphs preserving Morita equivalence
Authors: Eckhardt Caleb , Fieldhouse Kit , Gent Daniel , Gillaspy Elizabeth , Gonzales Ian , Pask David
Published: January 2021

We initiate the program of extending to higher-rank graphs (k-graphs) the geometric classification of directed graph
$C^*$
-algebras, as completed in Eilers et al. (2016, Preprint). To be precise, we identify four “moves,” or modifications, one can perform on a k-graph
$\Lambda $
, which leave invariant the Morita equivalence class of its
$C^*$
-algebra
$C^*(\Lambda )$
. These moves—in-splitting, delay, sink deletion, and reduction—are inspired by the moves for directed graphs described by Sørensen (Ergodic Th. Dyn. Syst. 33(2013), 1199–1220) and Bates and Pask (Ergodic Th. Dyn. Syst. 24(2004), 367–382). Because of this, our perspective on k-graphs focuses on the underlying directed graph. We consequently include two new results, Theorem 2.3 and Lemma 2.9, about the relationship between a k-graph and its underlying directed graph.
О тензорном ранге умножения в конечных расширениях конечных полей и о связанных с этим вопросах алгебраической геометрии
Authors: Ballet Stephane , Pieltant Julia , Rambaud Matthieu , Randriambololona Hugues , Rolland Robert , Chaumine Jean
Published: January 2021

Мы приводим обзор известных результатов о тензорном ранге умножения в конечных расширениях конечных полей, добавляя некоторые недавние неопубликованные результаты, и анализируем их для углубления качественного понимания этой области. В частности, мы выделяем и проясняем некоторые результаты, которые не были полностью доказаны, и подчeркиваем связи с открытыми проблемами в теории чисел, алгебраической геометрии и теории кодирования.
Библиография: 92 названия.
Pioneers of the U.S. Automobile Industry, Vol. II
Authors:   Kollins Design and Engineering, Kollins Michael J
Published: January 2021

Pioneers of the U.S. Automobile Industry uses four separate volumes to explore the essential components that helped build the American automobile industry - the people, the companies and the designs. This volume uses more than 450 photos to help weave the story of the risk-takers who helped shape the automotive industry from the very beginning. Pioneers and companies covered in this edition include: Charles and Frank Duryea Studebaker The Pratt Family and the Elcar Motor Care Company Joseph Moon Russell Gardner Louis Clarke George Pierce and Charles Clifton Packard/Joy/Macauley and the Packard Motor Car Company Edwin Thomas Ransom Olds Peerless Fred and August Duesenberg Kissel Brothers Hupp / Drake / Hastings / Young and the Hupp Motor Car Corporation Walter Flanders Chapin / Coffin / Bezner / Jackson / Hudson / McAneeny and The Hudson Motor Car Company Harry Stutz Harry Ford Graham Brothers Charles Nash
Evaluating the utilisation of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) technologies and practices among smallholder farmers in The Lawra, Jirapa and Nandom districts of Ghana
Authors: Sam K.O. , Botchway V.A. , Karbo N. , Essegbey G.O. , Nutsukpo D. K. , Zougmoré R.B.
Published: January 2021

Climate change is posing threat to agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana. Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is proposed to solve climate change impacts on agriculture. Smallholder farmers are adopting various strategies to be resilient to climate change effects. Empirical research is required to evaluate CSA utilisation in Ghana. Lawra, Jirapa and Nandom districts in the climate-risk areas of Guinea Savannah agro-ecological zone were chosen and Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA) tools were used. Farm budget analysis and market price methods were employed; key financial decision-making tools were net returns, profit margins and benefit-cost ratio. Soft systems content analysis, frequencies, means, ranking and data aggregation were employed to generate results. CSA use in the study districts was smallholder driven and male dominated. CSA was mainly used for staples including cereals and legumes and small ruminants under livestock. Crop-livestock integration and crop rotation were the common CSA practices with the highest costs (GH¢6,370.00) and highest revenues (GH¢9,460.00) respectively. Utilisation of CSA in the districts is beneficial and investments are profitable and financially viable. All actors and stakeholders must join forces to promote CSA in the districts. Rigorous promotional campaigns, capacity building and funding at all levels are crucial for CSA adoption in Ghana.
Compatibility of Mancozeb 75 WP with some plant extracts in the integrated management of Cercospora leaf spot disease of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)
Authors: Dania V.O. , Sam N. E.
Published: January 2021

The use of synthetic mancozeb fungicide has not been effective in the control of okra leaf spot (Pseudocercospora abelmoschi) disease amidst critical issues of environmental concerns. Therefore, this study evaluated the compatibility of mancozeb 75 WP with some botanicals in the integrated management of the disease. Laboratory assay was a 3×4×2 factorial laid out in a completely randomized design with three replications, while the field experiment was a randomized complete block design with 14 treatments. Four extract concentrations, 15, 30, 45 and 50% w/v and 0.5 g/l Mancozeb 75 WP were evaluated. The application of Syzygium aromaticum extract at 50% w/v concentration had the highest mycelial growth reduction of 71.89% of the pathogen. The soil textural class was sandy loam and treatments effect on okra growth indices did not differ significantly (p>0.05). The highest pod yield of 15.48 t/ha-1 was obtained in treatment inoculated with P. abelmoschi. but treated with a combination of S. aromaticum and Mancozeb. The same treatment had the lowest disease incidence of 4.01%, while combined application of C. papaya, S. aromaticum and Mancozeb recorded significantly (p<0.05) lower disease severity among inoculated plants. Therefore, this combination is recommended as foliar spray on okra in place of Mancozeb.
Effects of ensiling cassava peels on some fermentation characteristics and growth performance of sheep on-farm
Authors: Niayale R. , Addah W. , Ayantunde A.A.
Published: January 2021

This study determined the effect of drying or ensiling cassava peels on some conservation characteristics and growth performance of sheep. Fresh peels were either sun-dried to a DM of 904 g/kg or ensiled for 45 days for determination of some chemical and microbial characteristics, and growth performance of sheep. 45 Djallonké sheep were randomly assigned to three supplementary dietary treatments (Control and dried or ensiled) and fed for 70 days. Ensiling reduced the pH from 5.65 in the fresh peel to 4.15 compared to 6.15 in the dried peel. Crude protein (CP) increased from 45±0.44 g/kg DM in the fresh peel to 46±0.48 and 52±0.88 g/kg DM in the dried and ensiled peel, respectively. Reduction in neutral detergent fibre concentration was greater by ensiling than by drying. However, a greater (P = 0.001) reduction in HCN concentration was achieved by drying than by ensiling. Moulds were greater (P = 0.011) in the ensiled than dry peels. Average daily weight gain was higher (P = 0.031) for sheep offered the ensiled than the dried or Control diet. In conclusion, sun-drying was more effective at reducing HCN concentration whereas ensiling improved the CP content of cassava peels and growth performance of sheep.
Students' Perception of Virtual Classrooms as an Alternative of Real Classes
Authors: Alqirnas Hind Rasheed
Published: January 2021

Virtual classrooms are online environments that enable students and teachers to interact as if they were face to face in real classes. It seeks to develop the efficiency and quality of teaching and learning. However, using virtual classrooms as an alternative of real classes is relatively new in Saudi universities. The study explores students' perception of virtual classrooms as an alternative of real classes. The technology acceptance model is used as a theoretical framework to explain students' acceptance or rejection of virtual classrooms as an alternative to real classes. The questionnaire is distributed online to all female students of the College of Education, and the responses are 289. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and linear regression analysis. The results showed that perceived usefulness is a significant factor that positively influences students' Attitude toward virtual classrooms that intend to use it in the future
An Investigation Into Postgraduate Students’ Knowledge of and Attitude Towards Using E-learning Platform
Authors: Alblaihed Munthir
Published: January 2021

The study aimed to identify the relationship between students' knowledge and their attitudes towards using the e-learning platform. As well as to identify the possibility of predicting students' trend towards using the e-learning platform based on their knowledge of using it, their study status (campus/ distance learning), their gender, and their first language. The questionnaires were prepared to measure two main structures, students' knowledge of using the e-learning platform and their attitude towards it. The study sample included students attending a master's and doctoral as part of the British university course process. The sample consisted of 48 students (total students in this course), 29 students on campus (60%), and 19 students in distance learning (40%). The results revealed no correlation between students' knowledge and their attitudes towards using the learning platform. The existence of a positive trend towards the use of the e-learning platform among students registered through the e-learning platform more than the students registered on the university campus, the absence of statistically significant differences attributed to the effect of gender, based on their first language, in terms of predicting students' knowledge and their tendency towards using E-learning platform based on variables (status, gender and first language). It was found that the students' condition is an indicator of the situation that may indicate further study to investigate new factors that may affect students' knowledge and their attitude towards using the e-learning platform.
A Young Female With Low Back Pain Caused by Stage IV Lung Cancer
Authors: ULUTAŞ Firdevs , DEMİRCİ Mahmut , BİR Ferda , ÇOBANKARA Veli , KARASU Uğur
Published: January 2021

Abstract Low back pain is one of the most common symptoms, having a broad range of etiologies in differential diagnosis, such as inflammatory and degenerative disorders, malignancy and infections. Herein we present an interesting patient who initially presented with sacroiliitis and was ultimately diagnosed with stage IV lung cancer. She was initially misdiagnosed as axial spondyloarthritis. We aim to emphasize red flags in the differential diagnosis of sacroiliitis. Hypercalcemia and progressive, unbearable low back pain were supportive factors for underlying malignancy in our case.
Single versus multi-dose intra-articular injection of platelet rich plasma in early stages of osteoarthritis of the knee: A single-blind, randomized, superiority trial
Authors: Subramanyam Koushik , Alguvelly Rajkumar , Mundargi Abhishek , Khanchandani Prakash
Published: January 2021

Objectives: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of single, double, and triple doses of intra-articular (IA) platelet rich plasma (PRP) in early stages of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.

Patients and methods: This single-blind, randomized, superiority trial included a total of 180 knees of 90 patients (22 males, 68 females; mean age: 47.9 years; range, 36 to 60 years) with bilateral OA knee of Kellgren-Lawrence Grade 1-2 between May 2017 and December 2018. The patients were randomized (30 in each group) to receive single, double, or triple doses of IA PRP (two weeks apart in repeat injections). The outcome measures were Visual Analog Scale, International Knee Documentation Committee Score, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, and Tegner Lysholm Knee Score. The assessor of outcome was blinded. The scores were collected before intervention and at six weeks, three months, six months, and one year after the intervention.

Results: All patients completed the study. All three groups were comparable with respect to demographic and disease characteristics. All four scores were comparable among the three groups before intervention and at six weeks, three months, and six months. However, at one-year follow-up, the three-dose group showed superiority to others in terms of all four scores. All three groups showed improvement until six months and deterioration thereafter, which was only marginal in the three-dose group. All groups showed a statistically significant improvement of scores compared to baseline scores at one year. There were no major complications.

Conclusion: The IA administration of three doses of PRP yields superior outcome to single and double doses at the end of one year. Repeat doses are probably needed to sustain the benefit achieved at one year.
La esperanza de vida libre de enfermedad no aumenta en España
Authors: Zueras Pilar , Rentería Elisenda
Published: January 2021

La COVID-19 ha supuesto un parón en la continua progresión de la esperanza de vida al nacer, que en España se situaba entre las más altas del mundo. A pesar de que su efecto depresivo sea coyuntural, ya que se espera que mejore de forma rápida en los próximos años, nos ha hecho reflexionar sobre la evolución previa a la pandemia. Es cierto que el aumento de los años de vida ha sido progresivo y continuado, pero en los últimos años estas ganancias no se han traducido en mejoras en la salud entre la población mayor. Aunque la esperanza de vida libre de discapacidad a los 65 años ha sido muy estable en el tiempo, los resultados son menos alentadores cuando se considera la presencia de enfermedades y condiciones crónicas. En este número de Perspectivas Demográficas investigamos si se han ganado o perdido años de vida libres de enfermedades a la edad de 65 años entre los años 2006, 2012 y 2017 entre los hombres y mujeres en España y por comunidades autónomas (CCAA). Los resultados indican que, a pesar del aumento en años de esperanza de vida, también aumenta el tiempo que las personas viviremos con enfermedades diagnosticadas si no se revierte la tendencia actual. Entre las enfermedades y condiciones más frecuentes están la hipertensión, el dolor de espalda crónico, la diabetes y las enfermedades del corazón. Las diferencias entre hombres y mujeres tienden a converger en años de vida pasados en buena salud como consecuencia, principalmente, del alargamiento de los años de vida vividos en mala salud entre los hombres
Identification of Financial Distress With Company Size As A Moderating Variables in Southeast Asia Property and Real Estate Industry
Authors: Deni Sunaryo
Published: January 2021

This study aims to identify Financial Distress with Firm Size as a moderating variable in the property and real estate industry in Southeast Asia for the period 2012-2019. In identifying financial distress, the dimensions of Net Profit Magin, Current Ratio, and Debt To Asset Ratio are used. The sample used in this research is the company's complete financial statements from the 2014–2019 research year of 35 companies obtained by using purposive sampling technique. The data collection technique uses the documentation method, while the data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis which is supported by the classical assumption test, namely the normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, and autocorrelation test and model test moderation. The results showed that partially the Net Profit Margin, Current Ratio, Debt to Asset Ratio variables partially had a significant effect on Financial Distress, and Net Profit Margin, Current Ratio and Debt to Asset Ratio simultaneously had a significant effect on Financial Distress in the Property and Real Industry. Southeast Asia estate, whereas for the moderation model Firm size does not moderate Net Profit Margin, Current Ratio, Debt to Asset Ratio to Financial Distress. The value of R Square is 53.4%, indicating that the Financial Distress variable is influenced by all NPM, CR and DAR variables, the remaining 46.6% is influenced by other variables outside of this study including changes in exchange rates, differences in inflation, differences in interest rates, independence of the central bank. , economic growth, expectations, and so on. Recommendations for further research are to replace the moderating variables with other dimensions or indicators.
Health Officer Support For Regulation of Iron Tablets Consumption During Pregnancy
Authors: Yuni Purwati  , Nur Aini Rustiana Dewi
Published: January 2021

The obedience in consuming iron tablets had a good effect for the pregnant women. It is because iron tablets were able to increase the nutritional intake for the fetus, prevent anemia (iron deficiency), prevent bleeding during childbirth, and reduce the death risk. The supports of the health workers were expected to improve the The obedience of the pregnant women in consuming the iron tablets. The objective of this research was to find out the effect of the supports of the health workers and the obedience of the pregnant women in consuming the iron tablets at Sewon II Public Health Center, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Province. The method used in this study was through the descriptive correlation using a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used in this study was through the total sampling. The number of the respondents of this study was 80 respondents. The data analysis technique used in this study was the Kendall tau. The result of this data analysis showed that the p-value of 0.000 < 0.05. It meant that there was a significant correlation between the two variables of this study. Moreover, the significant correlation between the support of the health workers and the obedience of the pregnant women in consuming the iron tablets is in the moderate level (0.549). Therefore, it was concluded that the health workers were expected to improve the information supports, the appreciation supports, the instrument supports, and the emotional supports so that the pregnant women were able to consume the iron tablets.
The Decision To Revisit Coffee Drinking Is Seen From The Lifestyle And Attributes Of Coffee Through The Brand Image
Authors: Amin Hou  , Dahrul Siregar
Published: January 2021

At present, the coffee shop business continues to experience rapid development. The need for coffee changes the lifestyle of a consumer. The main objective of this research is to determine the direct and indirect effect of lifestyle variables and product attributes on purchasing decisions through brand image. This research was conducted at Keude Kupie Ulee Kareng & Gayo II in Medan City. The main target population and sample in this study were the loyal visitors at Keude Kupie Ulee Kareng & Gayo II. Where 175 respondents were selected to be the research sample. The results of the analysis show that the lifestyle and product attributes directly have a significant effect on brand image. Then, indirectly, lifestyle has an indirect effect on purchasing decisions through brand image. Product attributes have an indirect effect on purchasing decisions through brand image.
Influence of Project-Based Learning Model To Increase Cadet Creativity In Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya: Literatur Review
Authors: Jamaludin  , I Wayan Susila  , Any Sutiadiningsih  , Suparji  , Lilik Anifah
Published: January 2021

This article is to describe the Project-Based Learning Model that is applied to enhance the cadet creativity in Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya. Project-based Learning (PjBL) is effective Learning applied because it emphasizes contextual Learning through complex activities. The focus of Learning lies in the concepts that involve cadets in problem-solving investigations and task activities to develop creativity, provide opportunities for cadets to work autonomously to construct their own knowledge, and reach their peak, which is to produce tangible products. The purpose of this study was to find out how the role of the PBL learning model was in increasing the creativity of the cadets in Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya. This research is a descriptive study by collecting data through literature studies. Usage of the application of a good PjBL learning model will increase the creativity of cadets in working on projects that have been planned. The results of literature studies from various relevant journals obtained data that the PjBL learning model is effective in enhancing creativity.
The Influence of Principal Leadership Style, Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Reards on Teacher Performance at Senior High School in Banda Aceh District
Authors: Said Ashlan  , Irsan  , Benyamin
Published: January 2021

This study aims to look at: (1) the effect of organizational citizenship behavior on teacher performance, and (2) the imbalance effect on teacher performance, (3) finding the teacher performance model the influence of organizational citizenship behavior and mismatches on teacher performance. The research subjects were teachers of public high schools in Banda Aceh with a total sample of 240 people who were taken by proportional stratified random sampling, the data were analyzed using path analysis after continuing to monitor all the research variables in the form of a matrix. The findings were obtained from the performance of public high school teachers in Banda Aceh City directly by the behavior of organizational citizens, and the imbalance. Based on testing the hypothesis it can be rejected: (1) there is a direct influence on the behavior of organizational citizens on teacher performance, and (2) there is a direct effect of imbalance on teacher performance. The results of the study provide an illustration that the relative direct influence of organizational citizenship behavior (X1) on teacher performance (X3), namely: ρ31 = 0.233, and the relative direct influence of imbalance (X2) on teacher performance (X3), namely: ρ32 = 0.055.
Social Network Analysis on the Driver Partner Application for Home Culinary Entrepreneurs
Authors: Wahyu Nurul Faroh  , Sri Eka Lestari
Published: January 2021

Technology implementation is becoming more prevalent nowadays. This, of course, makes it easier for entrepreneurs in marketing, sales, and the ease of establishing communication with potential buyers. However, it is not automatically able to be fully utilized. There are still many entrepreneurs who know about it but do not know-how and use it to increase sales. For this reason, this study will analyze how the effectiveness of using a simple application, which involves driver-partners in maximizing sales. This research will begin by crawling data on social networks, then withdrawing data from social network importers using Gephi, and then analyzing it using Social Network Analysis.
The Measurement of Impulse Buying toward Emotional Responses
Authors: Joseph M J Renwarin
Published: January 2021

The objective of this research aims to know the influence of sales promotions and store atmosphere towards impulse buying with emotional responses as an intervening variable. The research method explores the primary data using quantitative approach for analysis.  The research data of 310 respondents, come from the questionnaire disbursement by google form. The data analysis using SPSS 23.0 and SEM methods (Structural Equation Modeling) 88.0 LISREL. The research results of the analysis stated that sales promotions has no effect towards impulse buying with t value 1.28 (< 1.967); store atmosphere has no effect towards impulse buying with a t value -2.25 (< 1.967); emotional responses affect the impulse buying with t value 4.56 (> 1.967); sales promotion affect to emotional responses with t value 7.68 (> 1.96) and store atmospheric affect on impulse buying with value t of 10.12 (>1.967).
Literature Study On The Effect Of On The Job Training On Work Readiness
Authors: Bambang Junipitoyo  , I Wayan Susila  , Any Sutiadiningsih
Published: January 2021

Experience on the job training will help students improve the competence of graduates to align with what is needed. In addition to developing competencies, learning through experience on the job training will stimulate the development of character and also a work ethic of discipline, responsibility, honesty, cooperation, leadership, and others according to what is needed by the industry. The creation of competence, character and work ethic is expected that graduates will be ready to welcome the competition of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). This research was conducted based on a literature study of various theoretical studies regarding experiences on the job training. Where these studies are an initial description in conducting research, especially those related to the influence of experiences on the job training. Based on the results of data analysis with several similar research literature, the effect of on the job training experience on graduate work readiness is very significant and it can be concluded that there is a significant effect on the job training experience on graduate work readiness.
Fundamental And Technical Factors Towards Investment Decisions And Company Value Moderated By Sales At Trading Companies In Indonesia
Authors: Mamay Komarudin
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is a) to analyze the influence of fundamental factors, namely profit growth, ROE and DER on investment decisions and value; to analyze the influence of macro factors namely sectoral PDP, SBI and exchange rate and beta of stocks on investment decisions and company value; to analyze the influence of technical factors i.e. the previous share price and trading volume on investment desperedness and the value of the company; to analyze the effect of investment decisions on the company's value; to analyze sales as moderating the effect of investment decisions on the value of the company. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that 1) fundamental factors as measured by profit growth, ROE and DER affect investment decisions; 2) Macro variables, namely interest rates and sectoral GDP, have a significant effect on investment decisions. That means higher macro variables are causing increases and decreases in investment decisions. While inflation has no positive and significant effect; 3) Technical variables consist of the previous share price and the trading volume has no significant effect on investment decisions. That means the higher the previous share price and the volume of trades does not increase investment decisions; 5) Fundamental factors namely profit growth, ROE and DER affect the value of the company; 6) Macro variables namely interest rates and sectoral GDP and inflation have no significant effect on the value of the company; 7) Investment decisions affect the value of the company; 8) In sales is not proven to moderate the mover of investment decisions against the value of the company.
Efek Tindakan Bedah Terhadap Kadar Laktat Darah dan Glasgow Outcome Scale Penderita Hematoma Subdural Akut Traumatik
Authors: Henky Jefri , Adam Achmad , Arifin Muhammad Zafrullah
Published: January 2021

Pendahuluan. Hematoma subdural merupakan salah satu cedera otak lokal yang menyebabkan defisit neurologis, memiliki gejala sisa bahkan kematian. Hematoma subdural akut traumatik memicu iskemia serebri melalui peningkatan tekanan intrakranial akibat edema yang menyebabkan gangguan perfusi otak. Angka keberhasilan pengobatan dan perawatan hematoma subdural akut traumatik dinilai menggunakan Glasgow outcome scale yang sederhana, cepat dan mudah dilakukan. Metode. Studi akuasi eksperimental dengan one group pre–post test design dilakukan terhadap 40 penderita hematoma subdural akut traumatik yang masuk Unit Gawat Darurat RS Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Agustus–Oktober 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji t–test berpasangan dan uji korelasi Spearman. Kemaknaan ditentukan berdasarkan nilai p<0,05 dan confidence interval sebesar 95%. Hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rerata kadar laktat darah pra dan pasca bedah adalah 3,16+1,49 mmol/L dan 2,38+1,23 mmol/L, terdapat penurunan yang bermakna rerata kadar laktat pasca bedah (p<0,001). Uji korelasi Spearman didapatkan bahwa kadar laktat pra bedah memiliki korelasi negatif lemah dengan nilai glasgow outcome scale (r=–0,346; p = 0,026).

Kesimpulan. Pemeriksaan kadar laktat darah pra dan pasca bedah dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai salah satu pemeriksaan rutin dalam menentukan kerusakan seluler dan nilai glasgow outcome scale akibat hematoma subdural akut traumatik