bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Особенности свободнорадикального окисления в толстом кишечнике при язвенном колите и болезни Крона
Authors: Осиков М. В. , Давыдова Е. В. , Бойко М. С. , Бакеева А. Е. , Кайгородцева Н. В. , Галеева И. Р. , Федосов А. А. , Ильиных М. А. , Воргова Л. В.
Published: May 2020

Изучение особенностей накопления продуктов окислительной модификации белков (ОМБ) и липидов в кишечнике при болезни Крона (БК) и язвенном колите (ЯК) может иметь значение в патогенезе, диагностике и терапии этих заболеваний. Целью работы было изучить особенности свободнорадикального окисления (СРО) в толстом кишечнике, связь с клиническими симптомами при БК и ЯК. Для моделирования БК крысам Wistar вводили тринитробензосульфат, для ЯК — оксазолон. Клинический статус оценивали по Disease activity index (DAI). В толстом кишечнике определяли продукты пероксидного окисления липидов (ПОЛ) в гептановой и изопропанольной фазах, продукты ОМБ в спонтанном и металл-зависимом режимах. При БК и ЯК на 3-и и 7-е сутки увеличивается DAI (Me (Q25–Q75): 7 (3–7) при БК на 3-и и 7-е сутки одинаково; 11 (11–11) и 11 (9–11) при ЯК на 3-и и 7-е сутки соответственно), в толстом кишечнике повышается количество первичных, вторичных и конечных продуктов ПОЛ в гептановой и изопропанольной фазах, суммарное количество продуктов ОМБ, при БК на 7-е сутки увеличивается доля вторичных продуктов ОМБ основного характера. Особенности СРО: при ЯК — накопление продуктов ПОЛ, при БК — продуктов ОМБ; при ЯК прежде всего накапливаются конечные продукты ПОЛ в гептановой фазе и вторичные продукты в изопропанольной; при БК — вторичные продукты ОМБ основного характера. При БК и ЯК установлена ассоциация DAI с содержанием продуктов ПОЛ преимущественно в изопропанольной фазе, продуктов ОМБ в спонтанном режиме; наибольшее количество сильных связей зафиксировано при ЯК. По результатам исследования, роль изменений СРО в патогенезе БК и ЯК гораздо больше, что является предпосылкой для обозначения продуктов ПОЛ и ОМБ как диагностических маркеров, показателей эффективности терапии.
Aprendizagem baseada em problemas para o ensino de probabilidade no Ensino Médio e a categorização dos erros apresentados pelos alunos
Authors: Viana Sidney Leandro da Silva , Lozada Claudia de Oliveira
Published: May 2020

Neste artigo apresentamos uma pesquisa cujo objetivo foi verificar a efetividade da metodologia ativa de Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP) no ensino de Probabilidade no Ensino Médio, com vistas a desenvolver as competências e habilidades previstas na Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Para tanto, procedemos à uma pesquisa qualitativa por meio de um estudo de caso, aplicando uma sequência didática para uma turma de alunos do 2º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública de Maceió (AL). Para verificar a eficácia da sequência didática e o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades previstas na BNCC, criamos ferramentas de análise para identificação dos tipos de erros e habilidades e competências desenvolvidas. Os resultados mostram a necessidade de os professores conhecerem a ABP para utilizá-la nas aulas, além de compreender que sua aplicação difere em vários aspectos da aplicação no Ensino Superior, havendo a necessidade de adaptá-la para a Educação Básica.

Palavras-chave: Metodologias Ativas. Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas. Ensino de Probabilidade. Competências e Habilidades. Ensino Médio.
The Modifying Factor of Lead Exposure Time with Blood Lead Levels on Adulterated Paint Worker
Authors: Lestari Diah , Purwanti Angki
Published: May 2020

The modifying factor for exposure time for paint workers who work more than 8 hours / day have abnormal blood lead levels> 10 Î¼g / dl. Lead exposure to paint workers occurs when mixing paints, mostly through air, skin, through food and drinks. The longer the work, the more the amount of lead exposure received, although the amount of lead absorbed by the body is only small, this metal turns out to be very dangerous and can cause health problems due to the buildup of lead in the body. The presence of lead (Pb) in the blood can cause severe and dangerous effects including interfering with the hematopoietic system, a long exposure can disrupt the gastrointestinal system, central nervous system, immune system, kidneys. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship and closeness of the relationship between the modification factors of exposure time with blood lead levels of adulterated paint workers in the area of East Jakarta. The research method uses primary data through an analytic observational cross-sectional design approach. Sampling is done by non-probability sampling with consecutive sampling techniques. The correlation test used was the Spearman test with a confidence level of 95%. The results of the research found that the average exposure time of adulterated paint workers was 48.9 hours/week exceeding the permissible work time, and the exposure time >40 hours/week was 77.5% of the number of respondents. The average blood lead level was 0.15 mg/L, with the highest blood lead level 0.45 mg/L and workers with exposure times> 40 hours/week obtained blood lead levels exceeding the safe reference limit (40 mg/L) of 19.4%. The conclusion is that there is a significant relationship between duration of exposure and lead level of adulterated paint workers (p-value = 0.029) and shows the moderate closeness of the relationship with the direction of a positive relationship. The value of r = 0.346, means that the longer the person is exposed to lead, the higher the level of lead in the blood of adulterated paint  workers. The discussion of modification factors of exposure time in adulterated paint workers can influence lead exposure continuously, in the long term, absorption of lead in the body 99% which is bound to erythrocytes will accumulate in the blood, then it is distributed into the blood which is 90% binding to cells red blood cells (erythrocytes), and the rest are bound to blood plasma. Once absorbed, the lead will be stored in the blood for 35 days. For 8 hours, a worker can absorb up to 400 Î¼g and add 20 - 30 Î¼g / day from food, drinks, and air. The presence of lead in blood represents a reflection of the dynamic continuity between exposure, absorption, distribution, and excretion, so that it is one indicator to know and follow ongoing exposure.

Keywords : Modifying Effect, Exposure Time, Relationship Strength, Blood Lead Levels
Effects of Garlic Powder (Allium Sativum) Supplementation on Carcass Characteristics of West African Dwarf Rams
Authors: Alamuoye Oluwatoyin Folake , Kikelomo Adekum Maria
Published: May 2020

The effect of garlic powder (Allium sativum) supplementation on quantitative carcass and non- carcass characteristics of West African Dwarf Rams was investigated. A total of 40 West African Dwarf yearling rams were randomly assigned to five dietary groups in a completely randomized design. Each group contained eight rams (two rams of four replicates) assigned separately to five dietary treatments having garlic powder as supplements at 0% (control, diet 1), 0.2% (diet 2), 0.4% (diet 3), 0.6% (diet 4) and 0.8% (diet 5) respectively. Rams in each replicate were housed in individual pen and fed with Panicum maximum at 0.2 kg/ram/day as basal diets and water was provided ad libitum, for a period of 12 weeks. The result showed that the dressing percentage varied among treatment groups with the highest value (55.76Â±1.82%) obtained from rams fed 4% garlic powder inclusion (treatment 3). The carcass characteristics significantly varied (p<0.05) among treatments. Also, dietary treatments had no significant (p>0.05) effect on the composition of the non-carcass components. Meat to bone ratio was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the flank cut of treatment 5 than cut-parts of other treatments. The study concluded that garlic powder (Allium sativum) supplementation increased carcass yield of West African Dwarf ram.
FIRST RECORD OF Balanophora elongata var. ungeriana SPECIES IN SOUTH SUMATRA
Authors: Pragustiandi Guntur , Sarno Sarno , Windusari Yuanita , Pirnanda Dafid , Setiawan Doni
Published: May 2020

The study of Balanophora in South Sumatra has been carried out from July-August 2018. This research uses the direct observation and collection method in 3 km long track in the Bukit Jambul Gunung Patah Protection Forest Area, South Sumatra. Sample identification was carried out in the Biology Department of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University. The results show that there is one Balanophora species, B. elongata. There are 2 subspecies of this species, namely B. elongata var. elongata and B. elongata var. ungeriana (Valeton) B. Hansen. The difference between these 2 subspecies is var. ungeriana in the tubers is not elongated with longitudinally coarse luruk leaves. At that location only found species of B. elongata var. ungeriana. Distribution: Peninsula Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra, Java, and mostly in West Java for subsp. ungeriana is only recorded on the island of Java precisely at Mount Salak and Mount Gede in West Java. This species is the first record for the Sumatra Island. There are around 30 individual species of B. elongata var. ungeriana respectively 23 female individuals and 7 male individuals. Bulbs, leaf characters and flower types are important to identifying the species of Balanophora. Most of these species are found in habitats where they have a height of 1000-2800 meters above sea level which are suitable for habitat in the Bukit Jambul Gunung Patah Protection Forest Area.
PERFORMANCE OF SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS DEVELOPMENT UNDER DIFFERENT 2,4-D AND COCONUT WATER CONCENTRATION IN SUGARCANE VAR. BULULAWANG
Authors: Dewanti Parawita , Maryam Safira Arikha , Widuri Laily Ilman , Okviandari Purnama
Published: May 2020

Mass propagation technology through somatic embryogenesis has become an alternative for producing sugarcane seedlings rapidly.Application of proper plant growth regulator and concentration contribute to support somatic embryogenesis development. This study applied the combination of liquid and solid culture during proliferation stage to promote cell dispersion of embryogenic callus, rapid  embryo somatic production, and improve regeneration potency of somatic embryo. Application of 2,4-D and coconut water during proliferation may expected as proper combination for accelerating somatic embryo development and regeneration.Development of somatic embryogenesis in sugarcane var. Bululawang during proliferation were described in this study. Embryogenic callusfrom induction media were transferred to proliferation media containing MS Basal + vitamin supplemented with sucrose different level of 2,4-D (1 mgl-1, 2 mgl-1, 3 mgl-1, 4 mgl-1 ) and coconut water (0% and 5%).Result showed that low concentration of 2,4-D induced optimum somatic embryogenesis development in proliferation and regeneration. Concentration of single 2,4-D 1 mgl-1 without coconut water  induced rapid development of scutelar and coleoptilarduring proliferation and resulted in better shoot regeneration. In other way, 4 mgl-1 of 2,4-D concentration  affected to inhibit scutelar and coloeptilar formed as the result of failure callus differentiation.
ESTIMATION OF BRUGUIERA’S CARBON STOCK IN BERBAK AND SEMBILANG NATIONAL PARK BANYUASIN SOUTH SUMATERA
Authors: Sarno Sarno , Ridho Moh. Rasyid , Indriani Dwi Puspa , Harmida Harmida , Pancasari Adelia Rizki
Published: May 2020

The potential for the carbon content of mangrove forests is four times greater than other forest, this important information needs to be measured to determine the value of carbon stocks at a given time and their changes. The research was done in November 2018-March 2019 in Berbak and Sembilang National Park, Banyuasin, South Sumatra, in each location three transect lines were determined perpendicular to the land as far as 100 m and made 5 plots of 10 x10 m with a distance between plots of 10 m on each transect. The aims are to determine species richness, biomass value, estimated stored carbon reserves, and CO2 uptake in Bruguiera spp. stands. Analysis of comparison of the results of data using descriptive statistical analysis. Based on the results of the study found 4 types of Bruguiera spp. that is Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera parviflora, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Bruguiera sexangula. The total value of the biomass of 410,01 ton/ha, carbon stocks estimation of 189,02 ton C/ha, and the CO2 uptake of 693,69 ton CO2/ha. The results of a statistic descriptive analysis of estimated carbon stocks and CO2 uptake, in Barong Kecil river where of the most areas has been deforested into ponds, have the lowest value than the other research locations like Solok Buntu and Bungin river, with sequential carbon values of 11,51 ton C/ha in Barong Kecil river, 227,66 ton C/ha in Bungin river, and 327,88 ton C/ha in Solok Buntu river, and CO2 uptake of 42,23 ton CO2/ha in Barong Kecil river, 835,52 ton CO2/ha in Bungin river, and 1.203,33 ton CO2/ha in Solok Buntu river.
THE DIVERSITY OF PHYTOPHAGE AND ENTOMOPHAGE INSECT SPECIES IN SUGARCANE PLANTATIONS PLANTED WITH FLOWERING PLANTS
Authors: Azim Saida Fitriani , Irsan Chandra , Pujiastuti Yulia
Published: May 2020

This study aimed to know the influence of planting the flowering plants in sugarcane plantation on the index value of diversity, domination, and the eveness of phytophage and entomophage insect species in sugarcane plantation. This study was done on two-month and six-month sugarcane of PT.  Perkebunan Nusantara VII Cinta Manis District. The research location is located in Ketiau Village, Lubuk Keliat District, Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatra. The study was conducted from July to December 2018. Insects that came to flowering plants were collected by using fitfall traps, nets, and direct capture of insects that came. The results showed that the age of sugarcane affected the diversity of Entomophage and Phytophage insect species that came to the flowering plants. At 2-moth-old sugar cane plantations were found 42 species (388 individuals) and 6-month-old sugarcane plantations were found 41 species (284 individuals). The diversity of Phytophage and Entomophage species that came to flowering plants in  the 2-month-old sugarcane plantations was almost the same as in the 6-month-old sugarcane plantations. Phytopage species diversity index values were 2,826 and 2,548, while Entomophage were 2,564 and 2,867.
Integration and the Diplomatic Crisis: Current Realities of the GCC
Authors: Shkvarya L. V.
Published: May 2020

The article analyzes the integration process in the Gulf Cooperation Council group countries (GCC), which was founded in 1981. Regional economic integration in the GCC has passed through the several traditional stages: the Free trade zone, the Customs Union and the Common market. Certain exceptions remain in the GCC integration, but the countries aim to create a full economic Union by 2025. Currently, the GCC is one of the most advanced and successful integration associations in developing countries. However, the GCC is the only truly functioning integration bloc in the MENA region. The author's analysis confirms that the share of intraregional trade is growing in the GCC, but this share is less high than in other integration blocs. The author emphasizes that the GCC countries have significant success in the world market of goods and capital. The GCC trade turnover is growing steadily, although it depends on fluctuations in world oil prices. The GCC region attracts a lot of foreign investment and technology. This allows them to continue to diversify their national economies. The level and quality of life in the GCC is improving. These and other achievements are largely the result of regional economic integration and cooperation between countries in various areas on the world and regional markets. At the same time, the GCC is one of the most strategically important regions in the world economy and politics. Economic and political processes are influenced by many factors, both internal and external. Therefore, there are many contradictions in the GCC, and sometimes crisis situations are formed. One of them is the current "diplomatic crisis". It began in 2017 and has so far created numerous problems in the region and in the Arab world as a whole. It also has a negative impact on the development and deepening of integration processes. The author analyzed statistical data for 2009-2018 and justified the conclusion that the "diplomatic crisis" damages intraregional trade, reduces the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators, and worsens the position of the GCC countries in the world market of goods and capital. It also creates difficulties for citizens of GCC countries and companies that operate in the region. Now GCC countries should develop a mechanism to de-escalate the crisis, as this is in the economic and political interests of all participants and the Middle East as a whole. The relevance of the research is due to the need to analyze regional economic integration processes in the subregion in the context of growing global instability. The research makes a significant contribution to understanding the nature and features of integration processes in the Middle East.
Lobbying of Qatar's Interests in the United States and the Qatar Diplomatic Crisis
Authors: Grafov D. B.
Published: May 2020

Qatar lobbied its interests in the US in order to ease tensions with the Gulf c tries which declared a blockade on Qatar in June 2017. Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Egypt accused Qatar of supporting terrorism, demanded to break off all ties with Iran and to close the Turkish military base on its territory. The article analyses the lobbying campaign against the blockade. It uses the facts and data disclosed by the consulting and lobbying firms according to “The Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938” and “The Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995”. Three main conclusions are drawn: 1) The US is not interested in settlement of dispute through the support of one party. The White House prefers the “divide and rule” strategy. 2) There is little chance of successful lobbying in the US for any state that cooperates with Iran. 3) The balance-of-power approach in analysing of the development of Qatari-Saudi crisis shows that attempt of the both parties to “buck-pass” by one superpower is uneffisient. The reason is that both Qatar and Saudi coalition act like US's clients. Although Qatar is not as powerful as its rivals, but it uses the “defensive realism” strategy, that allows it to disrupt aggressive efforts and increase the costs of the Saudi coalition.
The Prospects of Russia and India Jointly Leading a New Non-Aligned Movement
Authors: Korybko A. , Morozov V. M.
Published: May 2020

The ongoing global systemic transition is transforming international relations from its erstwhile unipolarity to what experts agree is either multipolarity or, less popularly, bipolarity. However one chooses to describe the present world order, it's clear that the US and China are the main global players, which places Russia and India – decades-long strategic partners – in a junior position vis-a-vis both of them, especially their mutual Chinese neighbor with whom they share membership in BRICS and the SCO. The neorealist school of International Relations Theory preaches the need to pursue national interests, which sometimes align with others', and it is argued in the article that it is with this idea in mind that both countries have a motivation to jointly improve their strategic positions relative to the People's Republic, albeit in a non-hostile manner that avoids the risk of inadvertently triggering a security dilemma and reversing the recent gains made in Eurasian integration.

Two articles published by Russia's Valdai Club in 2019 indicated the possibility of creating a new Non-Aligned Movement, with the most recent one proposing that it be jointly led by Russia and India in order to advance the aforementioned neo-realist objective of balancing China. This suggestion is very intriguing and deserves some further elaboration, to which end the present research was conducted in order to place the new Non-Aligned Movement proposal in a strategic context relevant to the ongoing global systemic transition. Nearly a dozen articles and reports by Russian experts were analyzed, resulting in the conclusion that the proposal is a promising one but requires much more research into its challenges and opportunities in order to become more than just a proposed concept. In the event that any tangible progress is made on it, however, it must be done so extremely carefully in order for China not to misunderstand its intentions.
Teaching Vocabulary through Fly Swatter Game
Authors: Saputra Hikmah Noerqori , Hadi Muhamad Sofian
Published: May 2020

The study aimed to find out whether fly swatter game can give influence toward students’ vocabulary mastery. The subject of this study was grade VII-2 of SMPN 9 Tangerang Selatan in the academic year of 2018/2019, which consisted of 42 students. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with the design of the pre-experimental study. The data from pre-test and post-test were analyzed statistically using spss 16. The result of this study showed; the students’ pre-test mean score was 45.4 and the students’ post-test mean score was 86.6. The result of t-test was 21.55 and significant (2-tailed) was 0.00 < p (0.05). The hypothesis (H1) was accepted, which means there is a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental group. It can be concluded that applying fly swatter game in teaching vocabulary to 7th grade students of SMPN 9 Tangerang Selatan is effective.
The Effect of Scaffolding toward Students’ Writing Procedure Text
Authors: Khanza Meutia , Nufus Tatu Zakiyatun
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine whether scaffolding can have a significant effect on students' ability to write procedure texts. In this study, the sample used is the students of grade XI SMA Muhammadiyah 25 Setiabudi Pamulang. The sample was from the class XI IPA 1 as the experimental class and XI IPA 2 as the control class. Each of them consists of 36 students. The writer used purposive sampling technique in determining the number of samples from the existing population. The method used was quantitative and the design used was quasi-experimental study. The instrument in this study was a written test. To ensure the reliability of the instrument, the writer uses a rubric in the assessment called analytic scoring adopted from John Anderson to assess student writing in pre-test and post-test. The findings of this study were the mean score of pre-test of experimental class students was 56.47 and the mean score of the student's post-test was 76.14. In contrast, the students’ pre-test mean score of the controlled class was 63.25 and the mean score for the post-test was 66.72. The significant effect was shown by the students’ post-test mean score of the experimental class which was treated by scaffolding technique was greater than the post-test mean score of the controlled which was not treated by scaffolding technique. The result of the statistical hypothesis test found that on significance level 0.000 < 0.005. Thus the H0 (Null Hypothesis) was rejected and the H1 (Alternative Hypothesis) was accepted. It proved that the application of scaffolding technique is effective towards the students’ skill in writing procedure text.
A Pharmacist’s Role in a Dental Clinic: Establishing a Collaborative and Interprofessional Education Site
Authors: Mahmood Sarah , Mouna Sarah , Jankowski Kelly , Trejo Luis
Published: May 2020

In “A Pharmacist’s Role in A Dental Clinic: Establishing a Collaborative and Interprofessional Education Site” written by Kalin L. Johnson, et al., the article discusses the importance of having pharmacists in non-traditional settings, such as a university dental clinic, and the benefits of incorporating them into an interprofessional team. Pharmacists are medication experts who can reduce the burden on dental staff by assisting in disease state and medication counseling, medication reconciliation, medication management services, and identification of medication-related problems in dental settings. From August 2014 to July 2018, a total of 2,773 interventions were made on behalf of the pharmacy team. Integrating a pharmacy team contributed to more robust dentalcare and overall healthcare for patients. Overall, pharmacists were accepted by the dentistry team and patients with very few repercussions.1

The purpose of this commentary is to propose a solution towards multiple issues identified by the author during her experience as an interprofessional pharmacist. We propose telehealth to be the solution to these issues. Our telehealth system will consist of pharmacy residents to foster an engaging learning environment while ultimately keeping costs low. This telehealth system will not only advance the knowledge of pharmacy residents and dental students, but will allow more interventions to be made by the pharmacy team as they will be able to expand virtually.

 

Article Type: Commentary
Aplikasi Trichoderma sp. Terhadap Penyakit Karat Daun (Phakopsora pachyrizi) Tanaman Kedelai Edamame
Authors: Akbar Fajar Ilham Kumara , Syarief Moch
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan Trichoderma  spp. terhadap penyakit karat daun Phakopsora pachyrizi Syd pada tanaman kedelai Edamame. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Dukuh Mencek, Kecamatan Sukorambi, Kabupaten Jember, dimulai Desember 2019  sampai Maret 2020. Metode penelitian ini membandingkan dua areal tanaman Edamame dengan perlakuan berbeda dalam pengendalian penyakit karat daun. Areal pertama menggunakan Trichoderma spp. konsentrasi 108 CFU dosis 500 liter per ha, pupuk kandang kotoran sapi, dosis 5 ton per ha, mulsa jerami 5 ton per ha. Biourine 1 liter dicampur 10 liter air dengan cara disemprotkan pada tanaman. Areal kedua menggunakan fungisida berbahan aktif Metalaksil konsentrasi 2 gram/liter, dosis 500 liter per ha, Urea 150 kg/ha, SP-36 150 kg/ha, KCl 100 kg/ha., pupuk daun Gandasil D. Peubah yang diamati: daya hambat Trichoderma spp tehadap pertumbuhan P.pachyrizi, intensitas serangan, jumlah dan berat polong per rumpun. Data dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 23.0. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah: daya hambat Trichoderma spp terhadap P. a pachyrizi 106 CFU adalah 25%, 108 CFU adalah 50% dan 109 CFU adalah 75%, Intensitas serangan P. pachyrizi perlakuan fungisida Trichoderma spp adalah 0,70 persen, lebih rendah dibanding Metalaksil yaitu 1,17 persen. Jumlah polong perlakuan fungisida Trichoderma spp adalah 20,88 polong per rumpun, lebih rendah dibanding Metalaksil yaitu 29,76 polong per rumpun. Berat polong perlakuan fungisida Trichoderma spp adalah 41,66 gram per rumpun, lebih rendah dibanding Metalaksil yaitu 51,72 gram per rumpun.
Induksi Tunas Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L) Varietas Kasturi 2 dengan Variasi Konsentrasi BAP secara In Vitro
Authors: Anindiyati Irma , Erawati Dyah Nuning
Published: May 2020

Tembakau Kasturi 2 merupakan tembakau khas Jember yang memiliki produktifitas relatif tinggi. Perbanyakan secara generatif cenderung menghasilkan bibit yang kurang seragam sehingga dikembangkan dengan teknik kultur jaringan. Dalam kultur jaringan, penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh memberikan pengaruh yang nyata.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan konsentrasi ZPT BAP terhadap induksi tunas tembakau varietas Kasturi 2. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2018 hingga Desember 2018 di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Politeknik Negeri Jember. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Non Faktorial dengan 6 perlakuan yaitu penambahan BAP dengan konsentrasi 0 ppm, 1 ppm, 2 ppm, 3 ppm, 4 ppm, dan 5 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan BAP 2 ppm merupakan konsentrasi terbaik untuk induksi tunas tembakau Kasturi 2 dengan kedinian bertunas 12,17 hari setelah inokulasi, eksplan bertunas 100%, rerata jumlah tunas 47,50 buah per eksplan dan rerata tinggi tunas 1,42 cm.
O USO DE IMAGENS E AS TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO: APORTES PARA O ENSINO DE BIOLOGIA
Authors: Barreto Jucéria Augusta Pereira , Santos Leila Thaise Santana de Oliveira
Published: May 2020

O presente estudo é fruto da pesquisa do Mestrado em Ciências da Educação e objetiva analisar o uso das representações imagéticas no ensino de Biologia, em conexão com as novas tecnologias na educação, em um Centro de Educação Profissional público em Salvador, Bahia, visando estimular a leitura crítica e contextualização, facilitando, assim, não só a compreensão da linguagem científica inerente à Biologia, como também a aprendizagem dos seus conteúdos. Lançou-se mão da pesquisa qualitativa e com a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da avaliação diagnóstica respondida pelos alunos, e utilizou-se com professores questionário e entrevista. Em face às análises, foi possível concluir que o uso das representações imagéticas como ferramenta pedagógica demonstra a necessidade de aprendermos a ler as imagens criticamente e relacionar com o ensino da Biologia.
POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS E DOCÊNCIA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL DE NOVE ANOS
Authors: Fialho Lia Machado Fiuza , Sousa Francisca Genifer Andrade de
Published: May 2020

O Ensino Fundamental, segunda etapa da Educação Básica, passou por reformulações ao longo dos anos, sendo uma das mais expressivas o seu prolongamento, de oito para nove anos. Questiona-se como os profissionais da educação percebem o Ensino Fundamental de nove anos. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa com o objetivo compreender como tem se desenvolvido o Ensino Fundamental de nove anos à luz do entendimento dos sujeitos que lidam diariamente com esse nível de escolaridade. Esta envolveu três participantes – a diretora, a coordenadora e uma professora de uma instituição de Ensino Fundamental de Fortaleza-CE. A coleta de dados foi realizada por intermédio de entrevistas semiestruturadas – gravadas, transcritas, textualizadas e validadas – discutidas desde a análise categórica de Bardin (2009). Os resultados suscitaram 5 categorias: 1. Compreensões sobre o Ensino Fundamental; 2. Formação continuada; 3. Material didático; 4. Valorização profissional, e 5. Avanços e dificuldades na área do Ensino Fundamental, por meio das quais foi possível concluir, respectivamente: carência da formação no Ensino Fundamental, insuficiência na formação continuada dos professores, escassez de material didático, desvalorização docente, e também avanços relacionados principalmente à redistribuição de recurso financeiro por meio do Fundeb e do PDDE. A discussão infere que a reformulação do Ensino Fundamental culminou no seu aprimoramento, mas ainda se fazem necessárias melhorias, tais como na área de investimento na valorização docente e no financiamento.
Double-level myelopathy due to atlantoaxial dislocation (os odontoideum) and subaxial cervical spondylosis with angular kyphosis
Authors: Rahimizadeh Abolfazl , Soufiani Housain , Rahimizadeh Shaghayegh
Published: May 2020

Background:

The surgical management of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) attributed to os odontoideum (OO with atlantoaxial instability atlantoaxial instability) and subaxial kyphosis together pose significant surgical challenges.

Case Description:

An elderly male presented with CSM/myelopathy and severe quadriparesis attributed to an unstable OO and 87° fixed, subaxial cervical kyphosis. After performing a 540° spinal cord decompression with atlantoaxial fixation, the patient did well.

Conclusion:

Double-level CSM due to an unstable OO and subaxial kyphosis is rare and typically requires combined 540° decompression and stabilization.
Mixed olfactory neuroblastoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma: An unusual case report and literature review
Authors: Lao Wilson P. , Thompson Jordan M. , Evans Lauran , Kim Yohanan , Denham Laura , Lee Steve C.
Published: May 2020

Background:

The aim of the study was to present a case of mixed olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) and carcinoma, an extremely rare tumor with only a few cases in the published literature.

Case Description:

An otherwise healthy 27-year-old male presented with sinus complaints, headache, and unilateral eye discharge. Imaging and endoscopy revealed a mass presumed to represent a juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. Unexpectedly, the final pathology report revealed high grade mixed ONB and carcinoma. This tumor is the sixth and youngest documented patient with mixed ONB and carcinoma.

Conclusion:

Physicians should remain vigilant for the possibility of malignancy in their approach to nasal cavity masses, even in young otherwise healthy patients. Careful review of the immunohistopathology should also be taken, as mixed olfactory tumors such as these are aggressive, rare entities that require multidisciplinary oncologic care.
Sellar trough technique for endoscopic endonasal transclival repair
Authors: Wong Andrew K. , Raviv Joseph , Wong Ricky H.
Published: May 2020

Background:

Endoscopic endonasal transclival approaches provide direct access to the ventral skull base allowing the treating of clival and paraclival pathology without the manipulation of the brain or neurovascular structures. Postoperative spinal fluid leak, however, remains a challenge and various techniques have been described to reconstruct the operative defect. The “gasket seal” has been well-described, but has anatomic challenges when applied to clival defects. We describe a modification of this technique for use in endonasal transclival approaches.

Methods:

Two patients who underwent an endoscopic endonasal transclival approach for tumor resection with an intraoperative spinal fluid leak underwent a modified “gasket seal” closure technique for skull base reconstruction.

Results:

A 71-year-old woman with a petroclival meningioma and a 22 year old with a clival chordoma underwent endoscopic endonasal transclival resection with the modified repair. No new postoperative deficits occurred and no postoperative spinal fluid leak was seen with a follow-up of 17 and 23 months, respectively.

Conclusion:

We describe the successful use of a simple, low risk, and technique modification of the “gasket seal” technique adapted to the clivus that allows for hard reconstruction and facilitates placement of the nasoseptal flap.
Ready-to-eat food consumption practices, food safety knowledge and relation to gender and education level of consumers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Authors: A.C.S. Anusha , R. Tunung , C. Kavita , A. Ribka , M. Chandrika
Published: May 2020

This study was aimed to evaluate consumers’ consumption practices of ready-to-eat
(RTE) foods, food safety knowledge, and the relationship to gender and education level. A
total of 258 consumers in Klang Valley, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia were given
questionnaires through convenience sampling. The results showed that the biggest
motivation for consumers in purchasing RTE foods was convenience (47.3%). 40.7% of
respondents purchase RTE foods more than twice a week, and 36.8% of respondents
consumed RTE food at restaurants and cafes. A total of 54.3% of the respondents
purchased RTE foods for lunch, and 48.1% of respondents usually spend RM11-RM20
per person. About 81% of respondents knew that the common symptom of foodborne
disease is diarrhea, and 42.2% of respondents knew about the correct temperature for
refrigeration. Most of the respondents (66.7%) knew that room temperature encourages
the multiplication of bacteria, and 36.4% of respondents knew that bacteria will grow
quickly at body temperature. About 60.9% of respondents knew that raw and cooked food
should be separated to prevent the transfer of bacteria, and 62% of the respondents knew
that placing raw meat in the plastic bag before putting it into the grocery basket decreases
the chance of foodborne illness. However, only 10.1% of the respondents knew that the
best way to clean a cutting board after using it for raw meat is by washing with bleach and
water. Female respondents and those with higher education level generally had better food
safety knowledge. This study could benefit RTE food marketers in gaining better insights
into consumers’ behavior patterns towards RTE food. This study could also contribute to
knowing the baseline knowledge of consumers in food safety as it is essential for the
development of effective health educational programmes.
Fish-based food vendor’s compliance with good processing practices in Bogor, Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu W.P. , Utari I.W. , Nurwitri C.C. , Nurjanah S.
Published: May 2020

Food for school children may become unsafe if its raw materials and handling processes
are not well controlled. This study aimed to determine the level of compliance of the
vendors with good processing practices. The method used was the development of vendor
compliance criteria, observation of vendors’ behavior, and exploration of the source of the
problem. The results of the study on 100 types of fish-based food product which are sold
by 63 vendors in 50 schools (elementary schools, junior high schools, senior high schools,
and universities) indicated only 46% of vendors were compliant and there was still 26% of
vendors who did not carry out the good food processing practices. The problems identified
were no access to running water to wash hands and equipment (100%), the absence of
protective clothes for the workers (92%), and the filthy conditions on the surface of the
booth (81 %), the display (65%), and the workers’ hands (73%). The results obtained also
indicated that the compliance level of the vendors did not correspond with their
educational background. From the results of this study, it is suggested that local health
authorities should conduct a more targeted extension program for fish-based food for
school children vendors.
Optimization of alcoholic fermentation of dragon fruit juice using response surface methodology
Authors: Huan P.T. , Hien N.M. , Anh N.H.T.
Published: May 2020

In recent years, dragon fruit has been applied in food processing with various products.
The purpose of this study aimed to valorize a fermented fruit drink from a Vietnamese
local dragon fruit by alcoholic fermentation of the juice using Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Response surface methodology was applied to find the optimal condition of varied factors
including total soluble solids content, inoculum size of the yeast and fermentation time.
The experiments were carried out according to the central composite design with the sugar
content ranged from 16 to 20°Brix, the inoculum size from 1 to 3% yeast and the
fermentation time from 40 to 48 hrs. A quadratic model was respectively developed to
correlate the investigated variables to the remained sugar content and ethanol yield of the
product. The optimized conditions for fermentation were selected as 18°Brix of initial
fruit juice; 2% v/v of added yeast inoculation rate and 44-hours fermentation time. Under
these conditions, final fermented dragon fruit juice achieved alcohol content of 3.54% v/v
with remaining sugar content of 14.6°Brix and a level of ‘moderately like’ obtained by
sensorial evaluation
Designing Business Model for Developing Micro Enterprise (Case Study Seluang Fish Fried of Ayakh Ugan)
Authors: Novy Anggraini  , Rini Apriyani
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to describe a business model that can be applied to the Seluang Fish Fried product of the Ayakh Ugan brand in Baturaja, Indonesia. The data was collected by using an interview with the owner and observation. The results analysis with the mapping of the canvass business model and blue ocean strategy. The application of these two combinations generates an overview of new strategies that can be applied to increase sales. From the result can be concluded elements that play an important role and can be improved, namely the value proposition, channels, revenue streams, key activities, and cost structures. The second step that needs to be reduced is dependence on the connector. In the third step, there are no elements that need to be eliminated. Then the final step on the elements of the value proposition, customer relations, main resources, and cost structure are the points that need to be created. This research provides an overview of the mapping of business models that can be applied to micro business products. this study is useful for business owners in creating new strategies to expand marketing and increase sales through the results of mapping methods that can be improved and created from important elements. This result can also be taken into consideration for other micro business owners to apply to their businesses.
DIRECTION OF MORAL EDUCATION TEACHER TO ENRICH CHARACTER EDUCATION
Authors: Mohd Yusoff Mohd Zailani , Hamzah Aswati
Published: May 2020

This paper discusses moral education which should begin by focussing on what exactly is meant by the term “moral human being” in Character Education. This is because whatever approach is used has to be based on the exact and clear understanding of the moral human being himself. A moral human being should posses the components categorised as concept, that is, the rules and principles which are deemed necessary to be used in actions and feelings or emotions which support the belief that a concept or action should be carried out. Apart from that, a moral human being should have the moral knowledge of the surroundings, know how to interact and act according to the decisions made. Character education will enable one to be a moral human being who should know the good, desire the good and do good.
Some peculiarities of the benthic foraminifera and natural radionuclides distribution in the bottom sediments of the Northern Atlantic
Authors: Domanov M. M. , Tikhonova A. V.
Published: May 2020

The analysis of the relationship of benthic foraminifera and of natural radionuclides (232Th,
238U and 226Ra) distribution in the deep-water sediments of the North Atlantic in the section of 60○N crossing the arctic front is fulfilled. A oppositely directed correlation between the distribution of natural radionuclides in sediments and Alabaminella Weddellensis (Rs = 0.8) and Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi (Schwager, 1866) (Rs = –0.68) species occupying different ecological niches was revealed. The weighted radiation dose is calculated. The dose values obtained are in the range of 0.63–2.16 μGr/hour. It is assumed that under the conditions of measured background radiation, the effect of radiation hormesis in foraminifera manifests itself, stimulating their development.
Konsep Maqasid Al-Shari‘ah Abdullah bin Bayyah
Authors: Miftakhul Arif
Published: May 2020

This article is the result of the literature research on the concept of maqasid alshari‘ah according to Abdullah ibn Bayyah, a Muslim thinker from Mauritania, Africa. The results concluded several things as follows. First, the decline  of Islamic law according to the Bayyah Bin is caused by three factors, namely: failure in seeing social reality, superficiality in understanding the nature of Islamic law, as well as error methodology. Secondly, to answer the problemabove Bin Bayyah put maqasid al-shari‘ah as the spirit of jurisprudence. Any law that does not bring the maqasid to the body without the spirit. Secondly, the maqasid al-shari‘ah should be placed in the framework of the Islamic law methodology, partnering with usul al-fiqh. The task of maqasid al-shari‘ah is as a guideline for the excavation of the law (istinbat), while the task of usul al-fiqh is to digest (indibat) maqasid al-shari‘ah so as not to be legalized. The maqasid al-shari‘ah approach, according to Bayyah Bin, also requires a middle position between the use of general evidence (Al-Kulliy) and special Evidence (Juz'iy), between text and context. In this way, maqasid al-shari‘ah is expected to present a religious fatwa that is compatible with social reality and bring the benefit of the people.
Menangkal Faham Radikal Berbasis Pondok Pesantren Bahasa Arab
Authors: Mohamad Ma’mun
Published: May 2020

The phenomenon of terrorism action using violence in Muslim radicalism makes jihad the reason for justification as well as a theological foundation. It takes a preventive model of radicalism that continues to propagate in various fields. One of the Pesantren who took part in the prevention of radicalism through educational pathways is Pondok Pesantren Syahamah. The purpose of this research is to describe the concept and process of learning in the Islamic boarding school of Syahamah and to describe the strategy performed by the Islamic boarding school of Shahamah in the ward against radicalism. Using the qualitative method of phenomenology technique is known that Pondok Pesantren Syahamah is a non-formal Islamic education institution that is based on Islam Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah under the auspices of Yayasan Syahamah. The vision of Pondok Pesantren Syahamah is to be a model and excels in the teaching of religious sciences according to Manhaj Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah, also in the teaching of Arabic that combines the classical and modern methods. His activities, Syahamah classifies it into several parts: the field of religion, social areas and the economic field. The period of education in Ponpes Syahamah is 3 years, reached in 3 classes, namely the Ula Class (Basic), Wustha Class (intermediate) and ' Ulya (high) class and each class consists of two semesters. The strategy that is used in Pondok Pesantren Syahamah is Tadrij al-Tadris learning, Strategy Model learning Talaqqi and Strengthening mastery science nahwu Sharaf
Etika Al-Mashlahah: Studi Pemikiran Moral Mohammad Abed Al-Jabiri
Authors: Achmad Bahrur Rozi
Published: May 2020

The point of this study is the thought of Muhammad Abed al-Jabiri about the moral concept in Islam. Al-mashlahah, according to al-Jabiri, is the moral principle of Islam. Al-mashlahah represents the pure principle of Islamic ethics stemming from al-Qur’an and as-Sunnah. This theory based on the principle of utility; good and ugly determined by consequence of the act, non-action itself. Worthwhile action in al-mashlahah category must be relied on universal of syari’at (taking care of religion, soul, clan, properties, and mind). Al-mashlahah woke up above the principle of compatibility between mental activity and texts. Al-mashlahah does not characterizes secular and therefore can be made alternatively to Utilitarianism.
Efektivitas Mediasi dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Perceraian di Pengadilan Agama Kota Kediri
Authors: Mohammad Muizzudin  , Achmad Asfi Burhanudin
Published: May 2020

Mediation is the process of resolving disputes through a negotiation or consensus process by the parties assisted by a mediator who has no authority to interrupt or impose a settlement. In reality, the implementation of mediation is still less effective in resolving a case, evidenced by the least of things successfully resolved by mediation. The problem that will be discussed in this research is about the effectiveness of mediation as a means of reconciling the cause, whose main goal is to reduce the number of cases, and also to know the success rate of mediation. Especially in the case of divorce in Kediri city religious court. The method used in this research is a case study, which is a research conducted intensively, detailed and in-depth to a particular organization, institution or symptom, and seeks to maintain the integrity of the object. The object of this study was mediation in the Kediri religious court about mediation on divorce in 2017. Field research as complementary. This study uses qualitative analysis by thinking inductive-analytic descriptionist-analytical as well as using the normative-juridical approach. And in collecting data using observations, interviews and document searches. Based on the results of the research, it is known that mediation in the case of divorce that occurred in Kediri religious court year 2017 ineffective. The most prominent cause of this is the strong determination of litigants to divorce