bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surgical Error and Medical Negligence: A Comparative Legal Perspective
Authors: Cherian Iype , Rajan Abhijeet , Chougule Umesh , S. Kolekar Shreesh , Garg Ram
Published: February 2025

In healthcare, surgical errors and medical negligence are extremely major issues that often cause a lot of damage to patients and legal issues. This research contrasts the legal perspectives on surgical error and medical carelessness by means of the legal systems, doctrines, and practices in other nations. Surgical mistakes can happen for a number of reasons, such as bugs in the technology, bad communication, or problems with the system as a whole. On the other hand, medical neglect happens when a doctor or nurse doesn't give the patient the level of care that is reasonable for a professional, which puts the patient at risk. In the context of surgery mistake and medical carelessness, the paper talks about important legal ideas like duty of care, failure of duty, cause, and damages. Laws that are very different from each other are talked about, with a focus on civil law and common law countries. The piece looks into how the legal system works, how accusations of medical scams are handled, and what role expert proof plays in cases. It also shows the different amounts of money that patients are paid and how healthcare laws affect lawsuits for breaking the law. The study goes into great detail about the duties of healthcare workers and groups, focussing on how strict standards can help lower the number of surgery mistakes and cases of carelessness. It also talks about the difficulties of being a doctor in a dangerous place and the legal duties that come with that. This paper looks at the laws and court systems of several countries to show how complicated surgery mistakes and medical carelessness really are. To better protect people and healthcare workers, laws and policies should also be changed. The results should help make sure patients are safe and give justice to people who have been hurt by medical mistakes.
The Role of Forensic Surgery in Legal Investigations
Authors: Nagvekar Mayur , Nagvekar Mayur , Shrivastava Soumya , Bagwan M.B. , V. Kanase Vijay , Sharma Mahesh , Sharma Mahesh
Published: February 2025

Forensic surgery is particularly crucial for medical professionals working in legal investigations as it clarifies injuries, fatalities, and other medical evidence in criminal cases. Part of this discipline involves using surgical skills, medical expertise, and understanding of the human body to determine what caused an accident, how serious it is, and what could have occurred before to it. Forensic physicians closely assist attorneys including police, judges, and defence lawyers to ensure that medical evidence is correctly interpreted and presented while investigations are in progress and in court. The forensic surgeon's expertise is very crucial when there is murder, assault, or sexual abuse because determining the reason and technique of injury will enable others to know what occurred. Often helping to determine the cause of a death and whether it was criminal, accidental, or natural, forensic physicians are They not only consider physical evidence but also engage in Their outcomes may significantly influence court case outcomes, therefore influencing decisions about charges, sentencing, and criminal investigations. The value of forensic surgeons both during investigations and in court is discussed in this article along with how forensic surgery might be used in legal investigations. It also demonstrates how forensic surgery is evolving as physicians and attorneys collaborate more and new technology and techniques are used. Forensic surgery is a crucial component of maintaining the law fair and ensuring that legal processes are honest in a society where criminal investigations must be accurate and exact.
The Intersection of Bioethics, Law, and Surgical Procedures
Authors: Nangare Nitin R. , Nangare Nitin R. , Otwani Palak , Bagwan M.B. , Atul Goswami Rahul , Sharma Mukesh
Published: February 2025

Bioethics, law, and medical processes all come together in this important area of study to look at tough moral problems, changing laws, and higher standards in the field of surgery. Robots, processes helped by artificial intelligence, and less invasive methods are some of the new surgery technologies that have made it harder for patients to protect their privacy, liberty, and right to consent. Laws that are meant to protect patients' rights, make sure they give their permission, and stop doctors from acting badly are having a bigger effect on surgery. When doctors think about the social and cultural effects of medical treatments, bioethics is very important because it helps them make morally sound choices that put patients' health and safety first. Like the duty of care and responsibility, the rules that govern medical processes need to change quickly to keep up with the progress in medicine. Who, for example, makes decisions about why artificial intelligence should be used in surgery and why new treatments should be used? A complex set of rules and principles is also needed to protect the rights of disadvantaged groups like children, the old, and people who have trouble seeing. This point also stresses how important it is to set clear rules to protect people who are having surgery from being exploited or hurt and to make sure that processes are honest and open. An investigation into the moral and legal rules that govern surgery procedures and how new technologies are changing these areas is presented. Its goal is to give an acceptable way to do moral surgery that is also legal and keeps patients safe.
Legal Safeguards for Patients Undergoing High-Risk Surgeries
Authors: R. Nangare Nitin , Khubalkar Deepti , Bagwan M.B. , Atul Goswami Rahul , Sharma Mukesh
Published: February 2025

High-risk operations such organ transplants, complicated cardiac procedures, and large cancer operations carry a lot of medical hazards including complications, extended recovery periods, and even death. Those who undergo these procedures so not only endanger their bodies but also run moral and legal issues. Legal safeguards are required to guarantee these patients' health and respect of their rights. The primary legal rights for those undergoing high-risk therapies are examined in this article. It emphasises informed consent, medical culpability, patient autonomy, and the responsibility of healthcare professionals in ensuring patients get moral and safe treatment. To provide their informed assent, patients have to completely grasp the hazards, benefits, and different choices apart from surgery. Patients have legal right to make their own decisions about their medical treatment. This right has to be respected, hence particular attention should be paid to youngsters and those with cognitive issues. Medical malpractice laws hold medical professionals accountable for delivering inadequate treatment and prevent their negligent actions. With the aid of ethical committees and legislation review procedures, challenging decisions about high-risk therapies benefit the patient most of the time. The article also addresses the harmony between a patient's right to be left alone and their possibility of being compelled to undergo surgery. This is particularly crucial in cases when the operation's result is quite crucial. By examining these legal safeguards, the article demonstrates the need of legislation safeguarding patients' rights, therefore reducing risks and fostering confidence in the healthcare system. At last, these protections ensure that therapies with a great risk are carried out with the appropriate moral, ethical, and carefulness.
The Law’s Role in Defining Surgical Standards of Care
Authors: Nagvekar Mayur , Rizvi Nuzhat , V. Kanase Vijay , Kulkarni Ram
Published: February 2025

Maintaining patient safety, ensuring responsibility, and advancing medical procedures all depend on laws defining criteria for surgical treatment. This study examines, via the prism of legal frameworks, how surgical standards have evolved over time, with particular attention to how historical events, significant court decisions, and professional guidelines have shaped things. Examined are the challenges of defining a "standard of care," with an eye on the issues resulting from rapidly evolving technology and variations in resource availability across various locations. Comparative research reveals quite variable national surgical norms. Higher income countries have solid systems; lower income countries battle with a shortage of resources. The report emphasises the need of international standards—such as the WHO's Safe Surgery Checklist—in ensuring that all approaches are the same and that outcomes are better everywhere. Carefully examined are historical instances, the value of expert testimony, how court rulings impact medical practice, and how law and medicine are continually evolving. The findings make it abundantly evident that laws and morality must be flexible enough to address fresh issues, particularly in light of combined usage of robots and artificial intelligence. This research encourages cooperating with individuals from many disciplines worldwide to develop fair, evidence-based criteria for medical treatment that upholds the values of safety, efficacy, and justice.
Cultural Myths and Practice Followed During Menstruation in Chengalpattu District- an Observational Study
Authors: Mathew A Ashish , Farzana S. F. Mariyam , Suresh T. N. , Suresh T. N. , Suresh T. N. , M Arvind , V Prithiha
Published: February 2025

Background: The process of menstruation is still maintained under the door of secrecy in many regions of India, during the days of menstruation the women are restricted from their daily activities. such as not entering the puja room, not entering the kitchen, they should not offer prayers and touch holy books, they also believe that, since menstruating women are impure and un hygienic they are not allowed to prepare food.
Aim & Objective: In Asian continent women during menarche days are contemplated as impure because of taboos and cultural belief. This study will chart out the pyramidal concept of knowledge, hygiene and taboos being followed by the current generation women in urban zone. This study also looks forward in creating awareness about the myths which is eradicated, but still being followed unknowingly in many parts of India.
Methodology: It is a Cross-sectional study conducted in Chengalpattu district with a sample size of 549. The women attained menarche reside in mariamalai nagar were recruited, on parallel the women with any gynecological condition were excluded out of the study. The participants ’demographic data and menstruation history were collected, then a structured questionnaire was used to analyze the knowledge, taboos and level of hygiene. The collected data were statistically analyzed.
Outcome Measure: Structured questionnaire.
Results& Conclusion: The consequences of menstrual myths significantly reduce women quality of life, limits their productivity inputs to the society at some extent women go unnoticed. This study also request government of tamil nadu to initiate medical campaign in rural areas in finding out the cultural myths which are still followed in many parts of Tamil Nadu which binds the women under a shelter in inhibiting them from growing in their career and creating awareness among them , so that people’s perception can be changed and women can play a exceptional role in taking care of family in creating a myth free and harmonious tamil nadu.
Game Changer: The Influence of Circuit Training on Motor Skills among Football Players
Authors: Sakthivel S. , Rangaraj K.
Published: February 2025

Motor skills are essential for football players as they directly impact a player’s performance and ability to execute critical movements with precision and speed. Consistent practice and training help develop these skills, which include hand-eye coordination, footwork, and spatial awareness. Examining how circuit training affected particular motor fitness components in male collegiate football players at SRM Institute of Science and Technology in Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India, was the goal of the study. Fifteen male football players, ranging in age from 17 to 23, were chosen at random to participate. The study used a single-group design and included assessments before and after the test. The experimental group underwent circuit training, and initial tests were conducted on all participants to evaluate selected motor fitness parameters. Following a 12-week training period, post-tests were administered, and the results were recorded. The motor fitness variables assessed included speed, endurance, flexibility, and agility. Data from the pre- and post-tests were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and paired samples t-test, with a confidence level set at 0.05 due to the limited sample size. The findings revealed that circuit training significantly improved motor fitness variables in the male football players at SRM Institute of Science and Technology.
Optimizing Mental Health: The Impacts of Yoga Practices on Mental Health among Female College Student
Authors: V Natesamurthy , Mohanakrishnan R. , R Ganesh , S Thiruvangadam
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to determine how Asana and Meditational practices affected college women students' mental health. Twenty female students from SRM Institute of science and Technology, Kattankulathur, were selected at random as the study's subjects. They were between the ages of 19 and 22. The participants were split into two groups at random: group I practiced Asana and Meditation (n=10), while group II served as a control (n=10). For six weeks, members of Group I practiced Asana and Meditational practices on alternate days, attending one session per day. Group II took part in regular activities but did not receive any particular training. The data on a specific mental health criterion variable; The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale was used to evaluate it. The dependent-t test and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) were set at the 0.05 level of confidence for statistical analysis of the collected data. The statistical package SPSS- 22 version was used to analyze all of the data. It was determined that the group that combined Asana and Meditational practices had significantly better mental health than the control group, and the fact that the experimental and control groups differed significantly.
Impact Of High-Intensity Interval Training on Specific Physical Factors Among College Men Ball Badminton Players
Authors: M. Ezhilarasan , Ali Khan D. J. Asath , S. Sivarani
Published: February 2025

Examining how high-intensity interval training affected particular physical characteristics in collegiate men's ball badminton players was the goal of this study. Thirty individuals, ages 18 to 24, were selected at random from SRM Institute of Technology, Kattankulathur, in order to accomplish this purpose. A control group and an experimental group, each with 15 participants, were subsequently randomized to these chosen individuals. The control group did not participate in any experimental activities, whereas the experimental group trained using high-intensity intervals. This study concentrated on two aspects of physical fitness: muscle strength and agility. Both pre-tests and post-tests were part of the genuine random group design used in the research. Each of the 30 participants was split equally between the control group and the experimental group, which included the interval training at high intensity group. Pre-tests were given to all 30 subjects before to the six-week study period in order to evaluate the chosen physical factors. Post-tests were administered after the experimental period, and the results were carefully documented. A preset significance level of 0.05 confidence was used for the statistical analysis. The study's findings showed that individuals in the interval training with high intensity group significantly improved their muscle strength and agility.
The Degree of Association of Risk Factors in A Population With High Blood Pressure and Various Levels of Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Madina Yunusovna Valieva , Zukhriddin Salokhiddinovich Salokhiddinov , Yorkinoy Mirzaxamdamovna Niyazova , Gavxar Tulkinovna Abduvalieva , Dono Kamalovna Maksumova , Nafisa Xaydaralievna Yaminova , Dilshodbek Abduqaxorovich Qodirov , Sherzodbek Ozodbekovich Alibekov , Adaxam Alisherovich Abdusattarov , Shoxabbos Nozimjon ugli Salomov
Published: February 2025

The presence of 22 behavioral risk factors elevates the detection of high blood pressure by over 9.5 times. Complications such as left ventricular hypertrophy (85.3%), cerebrovascular diseases (90.9%), myocardial infarction (80.0%), heart failure (87.5%), symptomatic peripheral artery damage (66.7%), and diabetes mellitus (75.0%) significantly influence the prognosis of total cardiovascular risk alongside hypertension.
Volleyball Skills Techniques and the Impact on Motor Fitness
Authors: Siva M.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study was to find out the Volleyball Skills Techniques and the Impact on Motor Fitness Volleyball is a widely played team sport known for its high-energy movements and strategic game play. This study provides an overview of volleyball's fundamental skills and techniques, focusing on serving, passing, setting, spiking, blocking, and digging, which are essential for player performance. The study also explores the sport’s impact on physical fitness, highlighting improvements in strength, endurance, agility, and flexibility. Additionally, the psychological benefits, such as enhanced mental resilience and teamwork, are examined. Two literature reviews from recent studies support the argument that volleyball improves both physical and mental attributes in players. The study concludes with recommendations for incorporating volleyball into school curriculums, promoting it as a lifelong sport, and developing training programs that target both physical and mental skills. The hypothesis suggests that regular volleyball participation will result in significant improvements in fitness levels and psychological well-being. Given its wide-ranging benefits, volleyball is recommended as an effective tool for promoting both physical fitness and social interaction.
The Effect of Different Court Surfaces on Tennis Player Performance and Injury Risk: A Comparative Study
Authors: Jesus Rajkumar N. C.
Published: February 2025

This study aims to evaluate the influence of different tennis court surfaces hard, clay, and grass on player performance and injury risk. Thirty professional tennis players participated, playing matches on all three surfaces over a 12-week period. Performance metrics such as serve speed, rally duration, and unforced errors were collected. Injury reports and post-match fatigue levels were analysed to assess the impact of each surface on player health. Results indicate that clay courts result in longer rallies and greater endurance demands, while hard courts pose a higher injury risk, particularly to the lower limbs. Grass courts produced the shortest rallies but necessitated quicker reaction times. These findings provide valuable insights for players, coaches, and tournament organizers, highlighting the importance of surface selection in maximizing performance and minimizing injury risks.
Impact of Varied Integrated Modules of Yogic Practices on Selected Physiological Variable Among Middle Aged Women
Authors: Saroja S. , Senthil Kumar M.
Published: February 2025

The study goal was to ascertain the Impact of varied integrated yogic practices on chosen physiological variable among middle age women. The study only selected middle aged women (n=60) from the in and around Sivagangai district, Tamilnadu. The age of the subject ranged from the 35 to 55. The subject were separated in to four equal group fifteen each Group - I Asana (n=15), Group- II(n=15) Surya namaskar, Group - III Combined asana and surya namaskar(n=15) and Group- IV control group. The training was conducted thrice in a week for a total of twelve weeks. The training session lasted for 45 minutes. Control group was not involved in any special training. Collected data from experimental and control group were statistically analysed by Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and the dependent "t" test. Data analysis determined that the corrected post-test means' "F" ratio was statistically significant. The conclusion of the study combined asana and Surya namaskar group reduced the diastolic blood pressure more effectively than the Asana and Surya namaskar group
A Study on The Combination of Yoga Practices and Varma Therapy for Controlling Depression and Improving Self Confidence Among Insomnia Patients
Authors: Selvam A.S. , Yoganandhan V.
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the use of Yoga Practices and Varma Therapy combination on Depression and Self-confidence among insomnia patients of middle-age. For this study, thirty insomnia patients aged between 40 and 50 years with their residence in Chennai, were found and grouped in two categories namely, the experimental and control groups of fifteen (15) numbers with a training session of 12 weeks. Depression and Self-confidence were assessed using the Psychological Questioners developed by Beck and Rekha Agnihotri. The experimental group is subjected to yoga practice with Varma therapy for 12 weeks. In that, a maximum of one hour 30 minutes in the morning for six days a week is essential for the control group, such that it is kept in an active rest state. Both the groups are subjected to the pre-test and post-test, which means before and after training of yoga practices with Varma therapy respectively. ANCOVA was used to analyse the data, such that a confidence level of 0.05 is kept for the level of significance. It was concluded that there was a significantly reduced level of Depression and Self-confidence (improved) among middle-aged insomnia patients due to the use of Yoga Practices with Varma Therapy compared to the control group.
Exploring the impact of mudra on respiratory function among Asthma Patients
Authors: S Thamaraiselvi , Veda Parthiban , Vidhya Shankari S. , S Ilamathi , Jayakandan E. , Parthiban Giridharan
Published: February 2025

Background: Globally, the prevalence of asthma is rising, and drug therapy alone has yet to effectively manage it. We implemented nonpharmacological interventions like yoga with promising outcomes.
This study aims to determine how mudra affects asthmatic patients' respiratory function.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to find out the exploring the efficacy of 12 weeks of mudra practice on PEFR and BHT among asthma patients of yoga intervention group compared than the control group.
Materials and Methods: 80 stable asthma patients between the ages of 30 - 45 were the subjects of this intervention. They were allocated into two groups at random, the control group (n=40) and the yoga practicing group (n=40). The yoga practicing group underwent mudra practice everyday morning and evening for 30 mins for 5 days a week for 12 weeks. Control group will not receive any yogic practices. PEFR and BHT tests were measured before and after 12 weeks using peak flow meter and stopwatch.
Results: Statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05) was observed for PEFR and BHT in the yoga practicing group when compared with the control group.
Conclusion: After 12 weeks of mudra practice, asthmatic patients' respiratory efficiency significantly improved.
A comparative study between open versus closed method of creation of pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic surgeries
Authors: Kumar Singh Deepak , Desai Hridyanath , Patel Rushit , Kamath Narayan , Amin Nadeem , Patel Kiran
Published: February 2025

Background: Gaining access to the peritoneal cavity is a critical step in laparoscopic surgeries and is associated with the risk of complications. The two most commonly used techniques for pneumoperitoneum creation are the open (Hasson cannula) and closed (Veress needle) methods. This study aims to compare these techniques in terms of procedural efficiency, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and long-term outcomes.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 50 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic surgeries at a tertiary care hospital. Patients were randomized into two groups: 25 underwent the open technique, and 25 underwent the closed technique. Key parameters, including time for pneumoperitoneum creation, number of attempts, intraoperative complications, postoperative outcomes, and follow-up findings over three months, were recorded and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.
Results: The open technique demonstrated a significantly shorter duration for pneumoperitoneum creation (101.54 seconds vs. 122.58 seconds; p<0.01) and surgical access (6.68 minutes vs. 7.96 minutes; p<0.01). The mean total procedure time was also lower in the open group (118.24 minutes vs. 142.48 minutes; p<0.01). Gas leaks were more frequent in the open group (32% vs. 8%; p=0.024), while port-site hemorrhage occurred in 8% of open group cases but was absent in the closed group (p=0.49). No significant differences were observed in postoperative complications such as port-site infections (8% vs. 0%; p=0.49) or bleeding (16% vs. 4%; p=0.34). Long-term complications, including wound infections and port-site hernias, were absent in both groups during the three-month follow-up.
Conclusions: Both the open and closed techniques are safe and effective for pneumoperitoneum creation. The open technique offers significant time-saving advantages but is associated with a higher incidence of minor complications, such as gas leaks and port-site hemorrhage. The choice of technique should be guided by patient-specific factors, surgeon expertise, and procedural requirements. Further large-scale studies are needed to provide definitive recommendations for clinical practice.
The Impact of Climate Change on Shifting Cultivation Systems: Challenges and Adaptation Strategies
Authors: Kamakaula Yohanes
Published: February 2025

Shifting cultivation is a traditional agricultural practice that has sustained rural and indigenous communities for centuries. However, the increasing impact of climate change, including rising temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events, has significantly threatened its sustainability. This study employs a systematic literature review to analyze the vulnerabilities of shifting cultivation systems, their adaptation strategies, and existing policy interventions. The findings indicate that climate change has led to a decline in biodiversity, reduced soil fertility, and increased socio-economic challenges for shifting cultivators. Various adaptation measures, including crop diversification, agroforestry, and soil conservation techniques, have been implemented to mitigate these challenges. However, limited access to financial and technological resources, coupled with restrictive policies, continues to hinder adaptation efforts. This study highlights the critical need for integrated approaches that combine scientific knowledge and traditional agricultural practices to enhance the resilience of shifting cultivation systems. Further research and policy adjustments are essential to ensure sustainable land management practices that support both environmental conservation and food security.
Advances in Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Enhancing Targeted Therapeutic Efficacy in Pharmaceutical Science and Technologycrete Technology
Authors: Anil Kishore Banubadi , Desai Amrutha , Tiwari Swastika , Arul Vettrivel
Published: February 2025

Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have revolutionized the pharmaceutical landscape, offering groundbreaking solutions to longstanding challenges in drug development and therapeutic applications. These advanced systems harness the unique properties of nanoparticles—such as their size, surface functionality, and ability to encapsulate therapeutic agents—to enhance the efficacy and precision of treatments. This study explores recent advances in nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems, emphasizing their role in improving targeted therapeutic efficacy. The research delves into key developments in nanoparticle design, including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and metallic nanoparticles, and evaluates their impact on pharmaceutical science and technology. Special attention is given to strategies for surface modification that enable targeted delivery to specific tissues or cells, thereby minimizing off-target effects and enhancing therapeutic outcomes. Techniques such as ligand attachment, PEGylation, and the incorporation of stimuli-responsive elements have been shown to significantly improve drug bioavailability and controlled release profiles. The study also examines how these innovations address critical limitations of conventional drug delivery methods, including poor solubility, low bioavailability, and systemic toxicity. By employing nanoparticles as carriers, the bio-distribution of drugs can be precisely controlled, leading to enhanced treatment efficacy for complex diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. Furthermore, the integration of nanotechnology with emerging fields like personalized medicine and gene therapy is discussed, highlighting the potential for creating highly customized treatment regimens. In addition to therapeutic applications, the research evaluates advancements in manufacturing techniques for nanoparticles, such as microfluidics and green synthesis methods, which ensure scalability and sustainability. The challenges associated with clinical translation, including regulatory hurdles, cost-effectiveness, and safety concerns, are also explored to provide a balanced perspective on the future of this technology. This paper underscores the transformative potential of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems in pharmaceutical science, demonstrating how their application is reshaping modern medicine. As technology continues to evolve, these systems are poised to play a pivotal role in enhancing therapeutic efficacy, ensuring patient safety, and enabling the next generation of precision medicine. Through comprehensive analysis and case studies, this research contributes valuable insights into the intersection of nanotechnology and pharmaceutical advancements, paving the way for future innovation in drug delivery.
Developing an Ultrasensitive Silicon Nanowire based ISFET Biosensor to Identify Dengue Fever Early
Authors: Patnala Tulasi Radhika , Tatineni Madhavi
Published: February 2025

Dengue fever is a swiftly proliferating mosquito-transmitted viral illness that presents a considerable global health issue, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. Present diagnostic methods, such as ELISA and RT-PCR, exhibit constraints regarding speed, cost, and sensitivity, highlighting the need for innovative biosensing technologies aimed at facilitating early detection. This investigation delves into the creation of an ultrasensitive, label-free Silicon Nanowire based ion sensitive Field-Effect Transistor (SiNW based ISFET) biosensor aimed at the early detection of the Dengue virus (DENV). The proposed biosensor aims to identify DENV at very low concentrations in human blood samples, enabling swift diagnosis and prompt medical action. The performance of the sensor is assessed via simulation with the COMSOL semiconductor module, focusing on critical parameters including sensitivity, specificity, and limit of detection (LOD). The findings indicate that the SiNW based ISFET biosensor shows significant potential for high-precision DENV detection, presenting a promising alternative to traditional diagnostic methods. This study advances biosensing technology and demonstrates the practicality of SiNW-based ISFET for point-of-care applications, potentially enhancing dengue fever management and minimizing severe complications linked to delayed diagnosis.
Artificial Intelligence Integration in Neonatal Surgery for Enhancing Precision and Outcomes through Advanced Algorithmic Approaches
Authors: Alex Joseph A. Franklin , Sathik Raja Muhammadu , V. A. Afsal Basha , Muthukumaran D. , V. Gowthami
Published: February 2025

Neonatal surgery has been transformed by artificial intelligence (AI), which has improved intraoperative decision-making, surgical planning, and diagnostic precision. By assessing popular machine learning and deep learning methods like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Support Vector Machines (SVMs), and Reinforcement Learning models, this study investigates the incorporation of AI in newborn surgical operations. Analysing existing AI-assisted newborn surgical systems, determining their shortcomings, and suggesting an ideal hybrid AI model that combines Reinforcement Learning and Transformer-based vision models for real-time decision support are all part of the research process. Using important performance measures such as accuracy, precision, recall, computational economy, and real-time adaptation, the suggested model is compared to current techniques. According to experimental results, compared to traditional AI-assisted approaches, surgical precision can be improved by 15-20%, anomaly detection can be improved by 25%, and surgical time can be decreased by 10%. The results highlight the potential of AI-powered neonatal surgery to improve patient outcomes, reduce risks, and establish a new standard for paediatric surgery.
Anomalous congenital adhesion band: a rare cause of neonatal small bowel obstruction: A case report
Authors: Kumar Chanchal , Eiden Elghote Salah , Shahbaz Alam Mohammad , Prasad Amarendra , Sidagonda Shedabale Dhiraj , Chand Suvas , Romana Ayesha , Mosaad Sherif
Published: February 2025

Background: Congenital adhesion band is a rare cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction. It may manifest from neonatal to adult age group with acute or sub-acute presentation. Diagnosis is often delayed due to absence of classical imaging findings. Exploratory laparotomy or laparoscopy is the definitive method of confirmation. Excision of the band and resection of affected bowel segment with end-to-end anastomosis is curative.
Case Presentation: We report a three days old term female neonate presenting with abdominal distension and bilious vomiting. She had leucocytosis, elevated inflammatory markers, dilated bowel loops without pneumoperitoneum or fluid levels or malrotation on imaging. A high index of suspicion and inconclusive imaging study findings led to prompt decision of exploratory laparotomy. Intra-operative findings showed intestinal adhesion at ileum with the presence of a fibrotic band. Ileal resection and anastomosis were performed. Postoperative recovery was uneventful.
Conclusion: A high index of suspicion of congenital adhesion band in the neonates with intestinal obstruction, especially with inconclusive imaging findings can reduce morbidity and mortality.
A Health-Based Deep Learning System for Rapid and Precise Detection of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Sabin Begum R. , Mohamed Anwar A. , Anu Priya S.
Published: February 2025

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a prevalent and life-threatening form of cancer that requires accurate and timely diagnosis for effective treatment. Traditional diagnostic methods for ALL often involve time-consuming and subjective manual examination of blood smears, leading to potential errors and delays in diagnosis. To address these challenges, this project proposes a diagnostic system based on deep learning Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Streamlit, aimed at achieving fast and accurate classification of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). The project leverages the power of deep learning CNNs to automatically learn and extract relevant features from microscopic images of blood smears. A Leukemia dataset of annotated blood smear images, consisting of Benign, Early, Precancerous and Prognosis samples, is collected and pre-processed. The images are resized,normalized, and augmented to enhance the robustness and diversity of the training data. The proposed system utilizes the popular CNN architecture VGG16 as the backbone for feature extraction. The pre-trained weights of the CNN model, learned from largescale image datasets, are utilized to initialize the model. The final layers of the CNN are modified to suit the multi-class classification task of distinguishing between Benign, Early, Precancerous and Prognosis samples. To provide an intuitive and user-friendly interface, the Streamlit framework is employed to develop the diagnostic system. The system allows users, including medical professionals, to upload blood smear images and obtain immediate predictions on the presence of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Overall this paper presents a novel and efficient diagnostic system for the classification of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia using deep learning CNNs and Streamlit. The integration of advanced deep learning techniques with a user-friendly interface has the potential to revolutionize the diagnostic process, enabling timely and accurate identification of ALL.
Empirical Analysis of Homebuyers’ Real Estate Disputes: Insights from Coimbatore and Tiruppur Districts
Authors: Prabagar M. , Sunanda Bhagavathy P.G. , Anantharamakrishnan S.
Published: February 2025

This study examines the multifaceted real estate disputes faced by homebuyers in the Coimbatore and Tiruppur districts. Using data collected from 82 homebuyers through structured surveys and interviews, this paper analyzes disputes across categories such as project delays, non-compliance with agreements, discrepancies in promised amenities, possession and handover disputes, and more under the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act (RERA). Statistical tools, including reliability analysis, t-tests, and one-way ANOVA, were employed to understand how socio-demographic factors and property characteristics influence dispute perceptions. The findings reveal nuanced trends, providing actionable insights for policymakers, real estate developers, and regulatory authorities.
Design, Development, And In Vitro Evaluation of Etoposide- Loaded Lipid Nanocarriers for Enhanced Bio accessibility and Sustained Drug Release for Targeted Therapy in Small Cell Lung and Testicular Cancer
Authors: Ronald William Neha , Ramesh Sagavkar Sandhyarani , Khanvilkar Vineeta , Shakthivel C.D. , Murugesan Janane , Karma Tadvi Vikram , Uttekar Pravin S. , Ansari Fahim
Published: February 2025

Etoposide-loaded lipid nanocarriers (ELNC) were developed and evaluated for their potential in treating cancer by improving the solubility, bioaccessibility, and controlled release of etoposide, a chemotherapeutic agent used primarily for small cell lung cancer and testicular cancer. Nanocarriers (ELNC-1, ELNC-2, ELNC-3) demonstrated particle sizes of 289–294 nm with a narrow polydispersity index, indicating uniformity and stability. Stability studies revealed a significant reduction in particle size under acidic conditions (pH 2.0), ensuring compatibility with gastric fluid, while an increase in size under alkaline conditions (pH 7.0) highlighted aggregation challenges. In vitro bioaccessibility studies showed a marked improvement for lipid nanocarriers compared to etoposide solution (ETS), with ELNC formulations achieving bioaccessibility of approximately 48% after 120 minutes. Drug release studies in simulated intestinal conditions exhibited a sustained release profile, with over 90% of etoposide released within 360 minutes. These findings suggest that ELNC can improve the therapeutic efficacy of etoposide by enhancing drug delivery in cancer patients. Further optimization to address intestinal aggregation is required to ensure stability and maximize therapeutic outcomes.
A Convolutional Neural Network Approach for Deep Learning-based Breast Cancer Detection
Authors: Kumar K. Kishore , Pavani Movva , Doppalapudi Kiranmai , B. Suthar Mihirkumar , Sai Sandeep Kasturi , Mahendrakumar G. , Vengatesh T.
Published: February 2025

Early and accurate breast cancer (B) diagnosis is crucial for improving patient outcomes and survival rates, which currently range from 30% to 50%. Deep learning has emerged as a powerful tool in healthcare, particularly for analyzing large volumes of medical images like X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans. This study introduces a novel deep learning model, BCNN, designed to detect and classify breast cancers into Three distinct categories: malignant lobular carcinoma, malignant mucinous carcinoma, and malignant papillary carcinoma. The BCNN model was developed and compared against two fine-tuned, pre-trained models which is VGG16, MobileNet initially trained on the ImageNet database. Breast cancer MRI images, sourced from a Kaggle dataset, were used for training and evaluation. To enhance the dataset's size and diversity, a Generative Adversarial Network technique was employed for data augmentation. The dataset included images at four different magnifications (40X, 100X, 200X, and 400X), along with a combined dataset. Each model, including the proposed BCNN, was evaluated across all five datasets, resulting in a total of 30 experiments. Performance was assessed using F1-score, recall, precision, and accuracy metrics. The experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed BCNN model, achieving a classification F1-score accuracy of 99.38%. The fine-tuned pre-trained models also performed well, with the following F1-score accuracies: VGG16 produce 97.67%), and MobileNet Produce 97.38%). The study concluded that data augmentation, preprocessing, and balancing significantly improved the performance of both the BCNN model and the fine-tuned pre-trained models. Notably, the highest accuracies were observed when using the 400X magnification images, likely due to their superior resolution.
Evaluation of chronic otitis media using computed tomography of temporal bone
Authors: Senniappan Shivakumar , Chakravarthy. G. Ahil , Juvekar Prerna
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Chronic otitis media is a inflammatory condition of middle ear, which is treated by appropriate surgery. Prior to surgery to evaluate extent of disease, complications and anatomical variation is essential. Our study is to determine the reliability of HRCT temporal bone for this purpose.
Methodology: Chronic otitis media patients attending ENT OPD who underwent HRCT temporal bone and treated surgically were taken in the study after obtaining informed consent with the clearance of Institutions Ethical committee.
Results: HRCT exhibited excellent sensitivity and specificity in identifying different abnormalities within the temporal bone, including erosion of the scutum and malleus, mastoiditis, and mastoid abscess, achieving 100% sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, it demonstrated high sensitivity in detecting cholesteatoma across various regions of the middle ear and mastoid, with a sensitivity exceeding 80%. Nevertheless, its sensitivity varied depending on the complication, with facial canal dehiscence and tegmen erosion showing 100% specificity but lower sensitivity for other complications.
Discussion: Similar results with other studies were found and has shown HRCT as a reliable investigation for preoperative evaluation.
Conclusion: HRCT showed high sensitivity and specificity in identifying different abnormalities within the temporal bone. To make a more valid comparison with the conventional research, another population-based study with a longer length Interval is required.
Implications of Eikenella corrodens in adverse pregnancy outcomes: The role of dental professionals – A narrative review
Authors: Ansari Aishah , Anwarhussain Mulla Sayem , Bhattacharjee Minakshi , Joshi Nilesh , Singh Sachdev Sanpreet , Joshi Mridula
Published: February 2025

This review elaborates on the mechanisms by which E. corrodens leads to APOs with a special emphasis on the role of dental professionals in their prevention. The analysis is based on open-access articles from PubMed, SCOPUS, WebofScience, and Google Scholar published in the English language without any restriction for the time of publication. A search was performed using the keywords ‘Eikenella corrodens’ and ‘Pregnancy’ to identify relevant open-access articles in PubMed, SCOPUS, WebofScience, and Google Scholar databases with full text available in the English language without any restriction for the time of publication Eikenella corrodens is a commensal bacterium usually found in the upper respiratory tract, mucosal surfaces like gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract as well as in the human dental plaque. The physiological alterations in pregnancy or lesions such as pregnancy-related gingivitis and pyogenic granuloma render the body susceptible to transient bacteremia. The hematogenous spread of E. corrodens is associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes that lead to high morbidity and mortality rates for mothers as well as neonates.
Some endocrine hormones level associated with Chronic myelogenous leukemia patients in Al Anbar governorate
Authors: Mohammed Aysar Mahmood , Mohammed Mousa Jasim
Published: February 2025

Background and Objective: Leukemias are linked to numerous immunological and endocrine alterations. Numerous studies have demonstrated an association between endocrine hormone imbalance and the onset of disease in one or both sexes. Hormonal fluctuations can disrupt the physiological homogeneity of the human body, hence impacting health and the progression of associated disorders. We want to examine the impact of changes in endocrine hormones on the immunological response of persons with leukemia.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study enrolled 110 individuals, including 90 patients diagnosed with hematological malignancy, at the Medical City Department/Hematology Center in Baghdad, Iraq, from March to November 2024. Among 90 individuals diagnosed with leukemia, 70 were identified with sever chronic myeloid leukemia (CML1), whereas 20 were classed with moderate chronic myeloid leukemia (CML2) based on the disease duration. The research included 20 healthy participants as controls. Erythropoietin (EPO), homocysteine (THcy), parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin B12, vitamin D3, and folate levels were assessed in all individuals using both ELISA and immunofluorescence test methods. Calcitonin (Cal) and ferritin were also measured.                         
Results: The study's findings revealed a substantial increase in calcitonin (Cal) and ferritin levels (P < 0.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Serum Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were elevated in patients diagnosed with the CML1 and CML2 groups compared to the control group (P = 0.01). Erythropoietin (EPO) levels were significantly higher (P = 0.02) in both the CML1 and CML2 groups. The difference was shown to be statistically significant. Both CML1 and CML2 patients had significantly reduced levels of B12 and VD3 in comparison to the control group (P = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). For Homocystine and Folate (p = 0.004, 0.001, respectively). he study's findings provide concrete evidence for the influence of hormones on the immune response in the etiology of leukemia.