bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bio-Inspired Algorithms Leveraging Blockchain Technology Enhancing Efficiency Security and Transparency
Authors: Chitra P. , Raja A. Saleem , Sivakumar V.
Published: January 2024

Bio-inspired algorithms, which imitate the actions and procedures seen in biological systems, have proven to be incredibly effective at solving problems in a variety of fields. However, the combination of these algorithms with blockchain technology holds enormous promise for improving their potency while assuring effectiveness, efficiency, and security. This chapter gives a general overview of how bio-inspired algorithms are used effectively with blockchain technology, highlighting their main benefits and prospective uses. Bio-inspired algorithms can gain from improved security and confidence in their execution by utilizing the decentralized and immutable characteristics of blockchain. Blockchain technology offers a transparent and auditable platform that makes it easier to verify algorithmic operations and ensure the accuracy of data. Furthermore, distributed resource allocation and decision-making are made possible by blockchain's decentralized consensus mechanisms, promoting cooperation and collective intelligence.
Bio-Inspired Algorithms Used in Medical Image Processing
Authors: Ezhilarasan K. , Somasundaram K. , Kalaiselvi T. , Somasundaram Praveenkumar , Karthigai Selvi S. , Jeevarekha A.
Published: January 2024

Medical image processing plays a crucial role in diagnosing diseases, guiding treatment plans, and monitoring patient progress. With the increasing complexity and volume of medical imaging data, there is a growing need for advanced techniques to extract meaningful information from these images. Traditional methods in medical image processing often face challenges related to image enhancement, segmentation, and feature extraction. These challenges stem from the inherent variability, noise, and complexity of medical images, making it difficult to obtain accurate and reliable results. In this chapter, the focus is on leveraging bio-inspired algorithms to address these challenges and improve the analysis and interpretation of medical images. Bio-inspired algorithms draw inspiration from natural processes, such as evolution, swarm behavior, neural networks, and genetic programming. It addresses the challenges and requirements specific to each modality and how bio-inspired algorithms can be adapted and tailored to meet those needs.
Bio-Inspired Optimization Techniques in Blockchain Systems
Authors: Archana Kande , Prasad V. Kamakshi , Ashok M.
Published: January 2024

The integration of blockchain technology into the healthcare sector has shown immense promise in addressing critical challenges related to data security, interoperability, transparency, and patient-centric care. This chapter explores the emergence of blockchain-based healthcare applications and services, highlighting their potential to revolutionize the healthcare industry. Blockchain's inherent features, including decentralization, immutability, and cryptographic security, provide a solid foundation for improving various aspects of healthcare, such as electronic health records (EHRs), medical data exchange, supply chain management, clinical trials, and telemedicine. This chapter reviews several prominent use cases of blockchain in healthcare, such as patient-controlled EHRs, secure data sharing across institutions, provenance tracking of pharmaceuticals, and streamlining administrative processes through smart contracts. It also delves into the challenges that need to be addressed for scalability, regulatory compliance, standardization, and user adoption.
BIONET
Authors: Jain Ritesh Kumar , Hiran Kamal Kant
Published: January 2024

Blockchain technology has revolutionized various industries, offering decentralized and tamper-resistant data storage and transaction capabilities. However, traditional consensus mechanisms, such as proof-of-work (PoW) and proof-of-stake (PoS), face energy consumption, scalability, and security challenges. This chapter proposes a novel consensus mechanism called “BIONET,” a bio-inspired neural network for blockchain systems. BIONET integrates the principles of swarm intelligence and artificial neural networks to achieve efficient, secure, and adaptive consensus in blockchain networks. The authors present the architectural overview of BIONET, highlighting its adaptability and self-organization capabilities. Furthermore, they demonstrate BIONET's effectiveness in PoW, PoS, and practical byzantine fault tolerance (PBFT) consensus mechanisms. Finally, they discuss the future directions and challenges of BIONET, paving the way for bio-inspired optimization techniques in blockchain systems.
Endometrial Cancer Detection Using Pipeline Biopsies Through Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Varshini Vemasani , Raja Maheswari , Jagannathan Sharath Kumar
Published: January 2024

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a common uterine cancer that leads to morbidity and death linked to cancer. Advanced EC diagnosis exhibits a subpar treatment response and requires a lot of time and money. Data scientists and oncologists focused on computational biology due to its explosive expansion and computer-aided cancer surveillance systems. Machine learning offers prospects for drug discovery, early cancer diagnosis, and efficient treatment. It may be pertinent to use ML techniques in EC diagnosis, treatments, and prognosis. Analysis of ML utility in EC may spur research in EC and help oncologists, molecular biologists, biomedical engineers, and bioinformaticians advance collaborative research in EC. It also leads to customised treatment and the growing trend of using ML approaches in cancer prediction and monitoring. An overview of EC, its risk factors, and diagnostic techniques are covered in this study. It concludes a thorough investigation of the prospective ML modalities for patient screening, diagnosis, prognosis, and the deep learning models, which gave the good accuracy.
Impacts of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning on Intelligent Supply Chains
Authors: Pandey Binay Kumar , Paramashivan Mukundan Appadurai , Kanike Uday Kumar , Mahajan Darshan A. , Mahajan Rashmi , George A.Shaji , Hameed A. Shahul Hameed
Published: January 2024

All companies globally use supply chain management (SCM) in this complicated and ever-changing world. Deep learning in SCM is becoming prominent, needing a complete study review. AI could revolutionise many company operations. AI can anticipate demand, optimize logistics and transportation routes, and find supply chain bottlenecks. Better demand responsiveness, shorter lead times, and lower costs can ensue. This Scopus-based study covers supply chain management AI applications. Filling the study gap on AI's impact on SCM performance includes identifying AI methodologies that can increase performance, SCM subfields with high AI potential, AI application's impact on performance, and agile-lean performance descriptions. Scopus identified countries/regions influencing SCM performance, subject area, and document type with AI.
A Comprehensive Review on Artificial Intelligence-Driven Radiomics for Early Cancer Detection and Intelligent Medical Supply Chain
Authors: Talwar Rajneesh , Sharma Manvinder , Sonia
Published: January 2024

An intelligent supply chain is essential in the continuously changing environment of the healthcare industry because it combines modern technology, data analytics, and artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence-driven radiomics enables the extraction of intricate details from medical images, allowing for the early detection and diagnosis of cancer. These algorithms can identify subtle patterns and features in imaging data that might go unnoticed by human observers. Early detection is critical for improving survival rates and treatment outcomes. In this chapter, a review is done on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), transfer learning, ensemble models, radiomics features and machine learning, deep learning for histopathology, multi-modal integration, risk assessment models, and real-time image analysis. The review compresses work on parameters like cancer type, dataset size, accuracy, complexity, and applications of these AI techniques.
Association of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference with Osteoarthritis among Korean Adults: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Kim Jeong Eun , Huh Youn , Lee Jeong Hun , Kim Seohwan , Kim Hyun Joo , Park Hyun Jin , Youn Kyoungjoon , Park Hyo Jin , Kim Seon Mee , Choi Youn Seon , Nam Ga Eun
Published: January 2024

Background: Evidence on the association between obesity parameters, including body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), and osteoarthritis is limited. This study aimed to investigate these associations in Korean adults.Methods: This nationwide cross-sectional study used data from 24,101 adults aged ≥19 years who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016–2020. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for osteoarthritis according to BMI and WC were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression analyses.Results: The prevalence of osteoarthritis was higher in individuals with general (10.0%) and abdominal obesity (12.8%) compared with those without. Greater BMI and WC were associated with a higher prevalence (P<0.001) and risk of osteoarthritis (Model 3, P for trend <0.001). Individuals with general and abdominal obesity were associated with a 1.50-fold (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.35–1.67) and 1.64-fold (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.47–1.84) increased risk of osteoarthritis, compared with those without. Similar associations were observed in subgroups according to age, sex, smoking status, and presence of diabetes mellitus. The odds of osteoarthritis 1.73-fold increased (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.53–1.95) in individuals with both general and abdominal obesity compared with those without any of them.Conclusion: Greater BMI, WC, and general and abdominal obesity were associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis in Korean adults. Appropriate management of abdominal and general obesity may be important to reduce the risk of osteoarthritis.
The role of ideology in the experience, perception and memory of the Italian prisoners of war, in George, SA
Authors: Maritz Loraine
Published: January 2024

In 1939, the South African government made the decision to align itself with the Allied powers in opposition to the Axis powers, the fascist regimes of Germany, Italy and Japan. The town of George reflected the diversity of national viewpoints regarding this decision, which were often shaped by party political ideologies and affiliations. The Purified National Party embraced Afrikaner nationalism and objected to South African participation in the war. Conversely, the United Party, a more liberal and inclusive group, supported the government’s decision. In addition, a significant number of Afrikaners rallied behind the Ossewabrandwag, an organisation that espoused anti-British and pro-German sentiments.Between December 1942 and August 1945, a group of 500 Italian prisoners of war (POWs) were confined to a camp situated on the outskirts of George, South Africa. Despite being afforded a certain level of freedom, the prisoners faced restrictions on their movements and activities, including prohibitions on transportation, alcohol consumption and fraternising with the local population without prior approval. Specific areas were also designated as off-limits. The POWs repeatedly breached these regulations, leading to confrontations with law enforcement. Furthermore, many clandestine relationships developed between the POWs and local residents.Contribution: This article aims to explore how the inhabitants of George responded to the presence of the POWs by examining their attitudes and perceptions. The prevailing ideologies of nationalism and liberalism, as well as issues of religion, racial dignity and morality all played a role in shaping the belief systems and perceptions of the town’s residents. While the memories of the Italian POWs held in George often characterised the time as one of ‘good cheer’ and ‘mutual respect’, the reality of the situation was far more complicated.
Fatal cases in pediatric patients after post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies: A report of two cases
Authors: Khoubfekr Hekmatollah , Jokar Mohammad , Rahmanian Vahid , Blouch Hasan , Shirzadi Mohammad Reza , Bashar Rouzbeh
Published: January 2024

Rationale:

Rabies is a zoonotic disease with a high mortality, primarily transmitted through the bite of infected mammals, particularly dogs and cats. Despite being a well-known disease since ancient times, it continues to cause a significant number of human deaths worldwide, with approximately 65 000 fatalities reported annually.

Patient concerns:

We present two fatal cases of rabies in a 12-year- old immigrant boy and a 7-year-old boy. The first case was subject to a 24-hour delay in receiving appropriate medical attention and rabies preventive measures due to the lack of awareness among emergency hospital staff, leading to the administration of wound dressing only. The second case received timely rabies immunoglobulin administration; however, there was a 4-day delay in administering the fourth dose of the rabies vaccine, despite presenting evident symptoms of rabies.

Diagnosis:

Postmortem examination of brain samples from both patients confirmed the presence of rabies virus.

Interventions:

Post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies.

Outcomes:

Both patients were admitted to the hospital after the manifestation of rabies-related symptoms, with the 12-year-old child seeking medical care 47 days after the animal bite and the 7-year-old child seeking medical care 58 days after the exposure. Finally, the first patient died after 27 days and the second patient died after 40 days of hospitalization.

Lessons:

There is an urgent need for heightened awareness and education among both healthcare professionals and the public regarding the urgency of seeking immediate medical attention after potential rabies exposure. Timely recognition and initiation of post-exposure prophylaxis are pivotal in preventing the progression of the disease. Strengthening surveillance and reporting systems, coupled with continuous training for healthcare professionals, can contribute to early detection and management of rabies cases.
Pre-Operative Computed Tomography Scan Assessment of Variations in Olfactory Fossa Depth among Adults
Authors: Lawal Jamila , Shofoluwe Nurudeen Adebola , Quadri Oladeji Raheem , Brai Andrew , Dadi Hassan IIiya , Hamza Manir Anka
Published: January 2024

Context:

The paranasal sinus Computed Tomography (CT) scan is important in the evaluation of patients with sino-nasal pathologies and serves as a tool for navigation during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). The risk of skull base injury during ESS is assessed using the depth of the olfactory fossa, which has been shown to have racial variations. We aimed to use Keros classification to study the variations in the depth of the olfactory fossa at a specialized tertiary ENT hospital in Kaduna, Northwest Nigeria.

Setting and Design:

It was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at the radiology department of the National Ear Centre, Kaduna.

Materials and Methods:

All CT scans of the paranasal sinuses from January 2021 – January 2022 were retrieved and reviewed. Coronal CT scans of patients, 18 years and above, were included. Those who had skull-based surgery and those with tumors of the paranasal sinuses were excluded.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data were entered in Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 25.

Results:

A total of one hundred and six (106) CT scans were studied which resulted in 212 depths of olfactory fossa measurements. The age range of participants was 18–81 years with a mean age of 41.1 ± 14.18 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.08. Keros type II was found to be the most prevalent (68.4%) generally, as well as across gender and laterality distribution, with statistically significant difference between males and females, and no significant difference between the right and left sides.

Conclusion:

Type II Keros classification was the most common across gender and laterality distributions, with statistically significant differences between males and females. Cognizance of individual variations in preoperative assessments and surgical planning is imperative in ensuring safe and satisfactory surgical outcomes. We recommend further studies with a larger sample size and from different regions of the country.
They Are Here: Anti-Amyloid Therapies to Treat Dementia
Authors: Antimisiaris Demetra
Published: January 2024

The US Food and Drug Administration’s approval of anti-amyloid therapies for the treatment of Alzheimer’s dementia has resulted in a proliferation of publications reporting and conveying rapidly changing information. Unfortunately for the clinician, this information is surfacing
in a variety of places and formats without a unifying consensus or clear guidance.
Teresa S. Ferreira, Inês Cardoso, Silvia Melo-Pfeifer. Gramática de Português - Língua Não Materna
Authors: Markič Jasmina
Published: January 2024

A Gramática de Português – Língua Não Materna é um manual de gramática elaborado de acordo com o Quadro Europeu Comum de Referência para as Línguas (QECR) e o Quadro de Referência para o Ensino Português no Estrangeiro (QuaREPE). Consta de dois tomos: o primeiro é dedicado aos níveis A1 e A2; e o segundo, aos níveis B1, B2 e C1. As investigadoras do Centro de Investigação Didática e Tecnologia em Formação de Formadores (CIDTFF) Inês Cardoso e Sílvia Melo-Pfeifer, em conjunto com Teresa S. Ferreira, da Universidade de Aveiro – as três autoras estão ligadas profissionalmente à didática e ao ensino de português como língua não materna (PLNM) – publicaram em 2019 este útil instrumento de trabalho que foi revisado cientificamente pelo professor Paulo Feytor Pinto. Cada manual compreende quatro grandes capítulos («Do som à escrita», «A palavra», «A frase» e «O texto»), com as unidades correspondentes numeradas de 1 a 47 sucessivamente no primeiro volume e de 1 a 66 no segundo. Gramática de Português - Língua Não Materna. Níveis A1 e A2 e a Gramática de Português - Língua Não Materna. Níveis B1, B2 e C1 representam um instrumento de trabalho completo e de fácil consulta, uma excelente ferramenta para todos os que aprendem ou ensinam português como língua não materna, e são muito úteis também, como obra de consulta, para os luso falantes nativos.
Uma estética de força
Authors: Urbán Bálint
Published: January 2024

O presente estudo centra-se na teoria estética de Fernando Pessoa e na posição dos Apontamentos para uma estética não aristotélica do heterónimo Álvaro de Campos no sistema estético do autor português. Partindo da questão da diversidade do pensamento estético de Pessoa, procura-se, por primeiro situar o texto no corpus pessoano de reflexões teóricas sobre a arte, para depois apresentar como é que o curto ensaio entra em contato tanto com o ideal estético de Nietzsche, como com a estética de choque das vanguardas, subvertendo as categorias principais da Poética.  Apontamentos para uma estética não aristotélica, sem qualquer dúvida, constitui um dos textos axiais do pensamento estético de Fernando Pessoa que, nas palavras de Jacinto do Prado Coelho, nos enfrenta com uma «excecional individualidade» (1994: xvii), tendo em conta não só a complexidade e a diversidade do ideário estético pessoano, mas também as suas ambiguidades e incongruências inerentes. O presente estudo, partindo da questão da ambivalência das reflexões pessoanas sobre a arte e a literatura, procura, em primeiro lugar, situar o ensaio Apontamentos para uma estética não aristotélica no discurso do pensamento estético do poeta português para depois analisar a genealogia das filiações literário-filosóficas do texto e comparar a sua argumentação com os princípios básicos da Poética.
Prehistoric upland exploitation of the Central Alps – a case study from the Karwendel Mountains
Authors: Nicolai Caroline
Published: January 2024

The frequentation of the uplands and the origin of seasonal pastoralism in the Central Alps in prehistory are intensively discussed topics. This case study from the Karwendel Mountains, a mountain range situated between Tyrol (Austria) and Bavaria (Germany), illustrates on the basis of archaeological surveys and excavations as well as pollen analyses how groups of hunter-gatherers frequented and used a mountainous area since the Mesolithic. This traditional use continued well into the period that is in the more fertile lowlands characterized as Neolithic. The study also shows that the human impact on the natural vegetation in the heart of the mountain range was very modest until the Roman era, while other upland meadows of the Central Alps were used for livestock grazing since the Bronze Age. These pastoral practices deeply changed the landscape and the vegetation of the areas involved. The Karwendel, on the other hand, was at least sporadically visited but remained largely unaffected by human exploitation until modern times, as it is situated at the margin of the important communication routes and the main settlement areas.
LBK settlement network in the eastern part of the Wiśnicz Foothills
Authors: Oberc Tomasz
Published: January 2024

The Foothills of the Northern Carpathian region were an important part of the ecumene of the Linear Pottery Culture (LBK), as witnessed by the repetitive pattern of settlement in such areas. Multiple sites associated with this archaeological culture can be found near the Raba basin in the region of Wieliczka and Bochnia, as well as in the Rzeszów Foothills. Among these, the complex of LBK sites in the Dunajec basin stands out, as most distant from settlement centres. The sites also represent a different settlement system than clusters uncovered in the upland areas: the sites are mostly located in the highest points in local topography and show a higher degree of centralisation. This study aims to include chronological data to the analysis of changes in this settlement system, with the use of a collection of radiocarbon data from the LBK sites in the foothills area of SE Poland. The general model of a probability distribution for the phenomenon was constructed and confronted with the data from individual sites from the Wiśnicz Foothills region. On this basis, a spatiotemporal simulation was performed, to illustrate changes in the settlement network changes over six centuries of the LBK activity. Additionally, regions threatened with higher erosion possibilities were identified, in which possible archaeological traces were not preserved. According to the known distribution of sites in space, these regions were populated with semi-randomly generated sites to perform a second simulation. While the available data allow only limited insight into the problem of settlement system changes over time, the approach used in the study seems to be relatively robust in visualising and identifying general patterns of this phenomenon. It provides an interesting exploratory method, allowing the formulation of further research questions concerning the changes in the LBK settlement system in the foothills area.
Remarks on the state of research into hoards in the Polish Carpathians
Authors: Blajer Wojciech
Published: January 2024

In 2001, approximately 30 bronze hoards were known in the Polish Carpathians. At least 30 more were discovered between 2001 and 2022. An overview of these assemblages sheds some light on the dynamics of changes in the region and its contacts with various areas of Central Europe. While connections with the Carpathian basin initially prevailed (BrABrD), in BrD-HaA artefacts with analogies in the Oder basin and local types (Sieniawa style) became noticeable as well. At the end of the Bronze Age (HaB3), finds suggesting connections with the steppe cultures appeared, and bronze artefacts with analogies in northern Poland dominated in the early Iron Age (HaC-HaD).
Luminescence dating of ancient kilns and gothic to baroque bricks from SE Poland – a comparison with archaeomagnetic data
Authors: Nawrocki Jerzy , Standzikowski Karol , Łanczont Maria , Gancarski Jan , Kłosowicz Mateusz , Leszczyński Tomasz
Published: January 2024

The TL and OSL ages obtained from two ancient kilns and gothic to baroque bricks in the SE of Poland, were compared to their presumed historical ages and discussed. The luminescence ages of ancient kilns were also matched with the results of archaeomagnetic dating. The OSL and archaeomagnetic data indicates that the ancient kilns were last used not later than ca. 280 AD. This age corresponds well to the lower limit of the postulated age of fragments of Roman type storage vessels found in the filling of kilns. The OSL data used alone can point even to the end of the phase B2 of Roman influence in Poland. The TL ages obtained from the kilns (5297 ± 256 BC, 7092 ± 423 BC) are significantly older. These bottom parts of kilns, from which samples were taken, most probably were heated to a relatively low temperature, insufficient to reset the TL signal. Most of TL ages obtained from gothic to baroque bricks do not correlate with their historical ages. Unknown and most probably varied brick moisture contents in sampled ground floor walls and cellars does not allow to precisely date these bricks using the TL signal.
Pomiędzy afirmacją a kontestacją życia – autobiografizm w twórczości Jadwigi Gamskiej-Łempickiej
Authors: Banaś Bernardyna
Published: January 2024

Between affirmation and defiance of life – autobiographical elements in the works of Jadwiga Gamska-Łempicka

This paper is devoted to Jadwiga Gamska-Łempicka, a forgotten poet, translator and editor from the interwar period. It is an attempt to help her and her selected works emerge from oblivion. The main motif of this discussion concerns the autobiographical nature of her work. In compliance with the idea of Małgorzata Czermińska, the paper revolves around not a classical tale about the life of a poet but a manifest of identifying with the created character, a need to talk about oneself. Jadwiga Gamska- -Łempicka, making concrete artistic transformations, precisely expressed in her texts her personality and life experiences, which find a reflection in her biography. The article outlines the individual, separate nature of the poet’s work, her following her own poetic path, as well as themes and motifs typical of her entire output, which are: anxiety, fear, isolation, uncertainty, memories, loneliness, suffering, embitterment, time going by, death and a strong emphasis on the significance of religious experience.
Angelologia a żeńskie imiona zakonne
Authors: Zmuda Ewa
Published: January 2024

Angelology and female religious names

The article takes up the issue of theological significance of religious names. The material of female religious names gathered in Polish monasteries has been analyzed in terms of its angelological content, i.e. references to Catholic teachings about angels contained in these names. The analysis takes into account the diachronic aspect as well.
Душпастирська діяльність і повсякденні обов’язки єзуїтів у кінці хіх – на початку хх ст. (на теренах Львівської Архідієцезії)
Authors: Petrash Andrii
Published: January 2024

Pastoral activity and daily duties of Jesuits in the late 19th – early 20th century (on the territory of Lviv archdiocese)

The article is dedicated to the study of the everyday activities of Jesuits from the late 19th to early 20th century, based on their missionary work in the Archdiocese of Lviv. During that period, the order’s mission houses were located in Ternopil, Lviv, Stanyslaviv, Chernivtsi, and Kolomyia. The aim of the study is to highlight the main kinds of pastoral work carried out by the order. The long-term process of candidates formation of the Society of Jesus, which took 12 years, is considered, and the main stages of their studying are briefly described. Special attention is given to the peculiarities of the organization of the internal life of the Jesuits and the order’s brothers’ duties are listed. The main part of the article is devoted to a list of various forms of activities carried out by Society of Jesus in the Archdiocese of Lviv at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.
Głosowa ekspresja znaczeń w radiowych przekazach informacyjnych
Authors: Kabała Alicja
Published: January 2024

Vocal expression of meaning in radio news services

The article is an attempt to analyze the factors determining the effectiveness of verbal communication. The author, with reference to radio information messages, analyses the role of selected suprasegmental elements and describes disorders in their realization affecting the logic of utterances and the precision of conveyed meanings.
Typology of Dialogue of Cultures in Latin America in the Concept of Leopoldo Zea
Authors: Masalova O. A.
Published: January 2024

The problem of dialogue between cultures becomes one of the central ones in the 20thand 21stcenturies. The elaboration of the theory of dialogue of cultures, types of dialogical connections, identification of its characteristics and regional specifics have become the main research components in various fields of socio-humanitarian knowledge. Latin America turned out to be the cultural area where the above components were most vividly reflected. This work seeks to examine one of the most important subjects in the concept of Latin American culture by the Mexican thinker Leopoldo Zea. His «project approach» to the history and culture of Latin America, as well as the study of the main participants in the dialogue of cultures, contributed to the development of a typology of dialogic connections in the culture of Latin America. The types of dialogical relationships turned out to be directly related to the historical and cultural context of the Latin American region and are embodied in specific works of culture and art.
On the Problem of Preserving the Writer’s Idiosyncrasy in Translation: Alcohol in S. Dovlatov’s Prose (a Case Study of the Translations of «Pushkin Hills» and «The Compromise» Into Spanish and Portuguese)
Authors: Mikaelyan Yu. I.
Published: January 2024

Sergei Dovlatov (1941–1990) is considered to be one of the most important Russian writers of the second half of the 20th century, whose work is studied both in Russia and in other countries in Europe, America, and Asia. The aim of this article is to analyze some peculiarities of his style and possible translation strategies to preserve it in translation using a semiotic approach to literary text analysis. The theme of alcohol is an integral part of the writer’s discourse, since, through references to drinking, Dovlatov describes both the characters in his works, whose worldview is built around drinking, and the reality around them. The semiotic approach allows us to discover additional meanings and sense involved in the construction of images in the literary text. At the same time, it is also effective for analyzing literary translations, as it draws the translator’s attention to the crucial elements for achieving communicative equivalence between the original and the translated text. The comparative analysis of the texts of «Pushkin Hills» and «The Compromise» and their translations into Spanish (Iberian version) and Brazilian Portuguese has shown that the greatest difficulties for the translators emerge due to a great number of references to cultural realities and phenomena of the Soviet culture, especially when the author’s humor is based on the references to such phenomena. Most often, in such cases, translators resort to the strategy of domestication, adapting the text to the culture of the translation, which can sometimes lead to the distortion of the author’s intentions and the loss of some of the meanings present in the original text.
The «Aztec Empire» and Nahua (Aztec) Socio-Political Organization Through the Eyes of Russian Historians, Ethnologists and Archeologists
Authors: Kalyuta A. V.
Published: January 2024

The article examines scientific approaches of Russian scholars to studies of Aztec state in the middle 18th – early 21st centuries. Since the 18th century when fragmentary and contradictory information about Prehispanic past of Mexico and Central America started to circulate in Russian historical science, sociаl organization of Nahuas, i.e. the largest ethnic group of Mesoamerica on the eve of the Spanish conquest, and the character of their political entities, particularly the Aztec «empire» union of three city-states in the Basin of Mexico (Tenochtitlan, Tetzcoco and Tlacopan) have been subjects of debate among Russian historians that specialize in studies of Pre-Columbian civilizations of the Americas. Over the last three centuries the «Aztec empire» was portrayed either as a feudal monarchy analogous to the Holy Roman Empire, or as a despotic state similar to the kingdoms of the Middle East, or as a confederation of primitive tribes that failed to establish their own state. The main objective of the author was to elucidate the factors that influenced scholar’s vision in each specific case. These factors included general knowledge of foreign languages, particularly Classical Nahuatl and Spanish, for most of primary sources for the study of the Prehispanic Nahua social organization were written in these languages, scholars’ theoretical approaches to social evolution and state-building, as well as the quality of materials used as sources of information. The works of Russian historians about Prehispanic Nahua social organization published in the middle 18th – early 21st centuries reveal that most authors lacked the necessary knowledge of primary sources’ languages, with excessive use of imprecise publications in French, English and German also bringing about numerous mistakes. According to the author, the Marxist ideology dominant in the Soviet period had negative influence on studies of the Prehispanic Nahuatl society, which led to false conclusions about the level of social development of the Prehispanic Nahuas on the eve of the Spanish Conquest.
Presentation of the ATLETAS DA VOZ™ Conditioning Program
Authors: Badaró Flávia , Vaiano Thays , Behlau Mara
Published: January 2024

Objectives. To present a simple form of vocal and breathing conditioning for voice professionals based on concepts from vocal science. The vocal conditioning program called Voice Athletes Conditioning uses the principles of exercise physiology to gradually improve vocal and respiratory overload to achieve endurance, power, and flexibility.
Methods. Due to our personal experience with high voice users, we synthesized a vocal conditioning program (AVCP) that combines voice science, exercise physiology, sports science and physical therapy principles. This is an 8-week program of daily vocal and breathing exercises with overload enhancement each week using different types of breathing devices and semi-occluded vocal tract exercises, designed and developed according to the specific requirements and performance of the voice professional.
Reflections. Professional voice users often experience episodes of vocal fatigue that can directly affect their performance and vocal health. As with physical training for athletes, voice exercises can also contribute to improving vocal conditioning, preventing voice disorders, as well as helping to obtain better performance, greater tolerance to fatigue and shorter recovery time.
Conclusions. AVCP is an approach that considers the principles of muscle training aimed objectively at the respiratory and vocal muscles, carried out with a variety of breathing devices and specific vocal exercises in search of greater performance time, less physiological stress, and shorter recovery time in the professional use of the voice.
Behind the Headset: Predictive Accuracy of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Voice Symptoms in Call Centers
Authors: Castillo-Allendes Adrián , Cantor-Cutiva Lady Catherine , Fuentes-López Eduardo , Hunter Eric J.
Published: January 2024

Objective. This study examines factors predicting self-reported voice symptoms in call center workers.
Methods. Multivariate analysis and predictive modeling assess personal, work-related, acoustic, and behavioral factors. Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves are employed.
Results. Age and sleep patterns impacted voice quality and effort, while workplace factors influenced symptom perception. Unhealthy vocal behaviors related to tense voice and increased effort, while hydration was protective. Voice acoustics showed diagnostic potential, supported by ROC data. These findings emphasize voice symptom complexity in call center professionals, necessitating comprehensive assessment.
Limitations. This study recognizes its limitations, including a moderate-sized convenience sample and reliance on PROM metrics. Future research should incorporate more objective measures in addition to self-reports and acoustic analysis.
Value. This research provides novel insights into the interplay of personal, occupational, and voice-related factors in developing voice symptoms among call center workers. Predictive modeling enhances risk assessment and understanding of individual susceptibility to voice disorders.
Conclusion. Results show associations between various factors and self-reported voice symptoms. Protective factors include sleeping more than six hours and consistent hydration, whereas risk factors include working conditions, such as location and behaviors like smoking. Diagnostic models indicate good accuracy for some voice symptom PROMs, emphasizing the need for comprehensive models considering work factors, vocal behaviors, and acoustic parameters to understand voice issues complexity.
Consideraciones bioéticas en el manejo de la esclerosis lateral amiotrófica: Una aproximación al quehacer fonoaudiológico
Authors: Sepúlveda-Contreras Jorge
Published: January 2024

Introducción. La esclerosis lateral amiotrófica (ELA) es la forma más común de enfermedad degenerativa de motoneurona en la edad adulta y es considerada una enfermedad terminal. Por lo mismo, el accionar del fonoaudiólogo debe considerar el respeto a los principios bioéticos básicos para garantizar una asistencia adecuada.
Objetivo. Conocer aquellas consideraciones bioéticas relacionadas al manejo y estudio de personas con ELA para luego brindar una aproximación hacia el quehacer fonoaudiológico.
Método. Se efectuó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y SciELO. Se filtraron artículos publicados desde 2000 hasta junio de 2023 y fueron seleccionados aquellos que abordaban algún componente bioético en población con ELA.
Resultados. Aspectos relacionados al uso del consentimiento informado y a la toma de decisiones compartidas destacaron como elementos esenciales para apoyar la autonomía de las personas.
Conclusión. Una correcta comunicación y una toma de decisiones compartida son claves para respetar la autonomía de las personas. A su vez, la estandarización de procedimientos mediante la investigación clínica permitirá aportar al cumplimiento de los principios bioéticos de beneficencia y no maleficencia, indispensables para la práctica profesional.
Outcomes of a Community of Practice on Quebec Speech Language Pathologists’ Voice Assessment Practices and Professional Identity
Authors: Verduyckt Ingrid , Defoy Lyne , Hocine Imane , Martel-Sauvageau Vincent
Published: January 2024

In a context where different protocols for recommended practices in clinical voice assessment exist, while there are gaps in the literature regarding the evidence base supporting assessment procedures and measures, clinicians from regions where a strong community holding expertise in clinical and scientific voice practices lack can struggle to confidently develop their voice assessment practices. In an effort to improve voice assessment practices and strengthen professional identity among speech-language pathologists in Quebec, Canada, a community of practice (CoP) was established, with the aim of promoting knowledge sharing, implementing change in clinical practice, and improving professional identity. Thirty-nine participants took part in the CoP activities conducted over a four-month period, including virtual meetings and in-person workshops. Participants had a high rate of attendance (> 74% participation rate in virtual meetings), and were highly satisfied with their participation and intended to remain involved after the project’s end. Statistically significant changes in voice assessment practices were observed post-CoP, regarding probability of performing assessments (p < .001), and perceived importance of assessment for evaluative purposes (p <.001), as well as improvements in assessment specific confidence, specifically for procedure of auditory-perceptual assessment (p < .001) and purpose of aerodynamic assessment (p = .05). Moreover, there was an increase in professional identity post-CoP (p < .001) and participants felt they made significant learnings. The present study highlighted the need to involve SLPs in future research to identify assessments that are relevant to the specific evaluative objectives of SLPs working with voice, and suggests CoPs are an efficient tool for that purpose.
Access control system using Arduino microcontroller and RFID reader
Authors:   Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Shumen University, Kordov Krasimir , Bilyal Ismail ,   Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Shumen University
Published: January 2024

This article presents access control system constructed with single-board Arduino Uno and RFID technology for user identification. Additional web based system is used for user registration, access restriction, and access monitoring by recording data logs into database.
Some possibilities for applying the micro:bit in stem education grades 5-7
Authors:   Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Shumen University, Mustan Sevinch , Harizanov Krasimir ,   Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Shumen University
Published: January 2024

This article examines some possibilities for applying block programming through the use of a Micro:bit programmable board in STEM education classes. Various methods and technologies are presented by which this board can be integrated into the learning process. Attention is drawn to the relationship between block programming and other academic disciplines. Several sample implementations are provided.
Parking management system
Authors:   Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Shumen University, Kordov Krasimir , Stoyanova Dayana ,   Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Shumen University
Published: January 2024

This article presents a parking management system that detects occupied parking spaces and reports the number of free spaces. The system indicates the numbers of free parking spaces by means of information digital boards and a web system that provides information in real time. A system is presented through an example prototype, using an Arduino microcontroller and ultrasonic distance sensors that detect occupied and vacant parking spaces.
Why it is important to work for the success of bilingual students
Authors:   High school “George Stoikov Rakovski” – Kotel, Stefanova-Milanova Silvena
Published: January 2024

This article examines the different methods and approaches for motivating bilingual students, through which they can achieve success. In this way, they understand that they are no different from everyone else and can also be realized in different fields.
Stimulation of independent work of the students in training in economic disciplines
Authors:   Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Shumen University, Zlateva Rumyana
Published: January 2024

The article examines possibilities for improving the independent work of students in the education of economic disciplines. A brief review of publications related to the issue is made. Emphasis is placed on competences, understood as a combination of knowledge, skills and attitudes, acquired in order to support professional realization and lifelong learning. Possible approaches to stimulate students' independent work are presented. Some problems inherent in its organization are pointed out and possible solutions for dealing with them are described.
Pengembangan Alat Bantu Latihan Kecepatan Reaksi Kiper Berbasis Android
Authors: Mohamad Bustan David  , Galih Farhanto  , Marki Sandi  , Dadang Mubin
Published: January 2024

Posisi penjaga gawang (goalkeeper) pada permainan sepak bola sangat penting untuk menjaga gawang. Seorang penjaga gawang harus dapat menghalau dan menangkap bola yang mengarah kegawang dengan jarak jauh maupun dekat. Salah satu metode latihan penjaga gawang dengan alat pelontar bola adalah menggunakan alat bantu untuk membantu mereka berlatih. Peneliti melakukan penelitian pengembanag atau penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D). Ada sepuluh langkah yang diperlukan untuk menerapkan strategi R&D. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa presentase validasi ahli materi adalah 98%. Hasil penilaian tingkat validasi mencapai "sangat baik". Dari ahli kepelatihan Ssb Bintang Samudra mencapai 98%, ahli kepelatihan Ssb Psw Wadung mencapai 97%, dan uji coba kelompok besar dan kecil mencapai 96%.
DOENÇA DE PARKINSON: NOVAS PERSPECTIVAS DE TRATAMENTO
Authors: MACÊDO CIBÉRIO LANDIM MACÊDO , SILVA EVANDRO ROGÉRIO DA SILVA , SILVA GERLANE GUEDES DELFINO DA SILVA , FERREIRA SARAH REBECA DANTAS FERREIRA
Published: January 2024

A Doença de Parkinson (DP) é um distúrbio neurodegenerativo do sistema nervoso central, caracterizado pela perda de neurônios dopaminérgicos da substância nigra que provocam sintomas cardinais motores que vão desde tremor de repouso e rigidez até bradicinesia. Possui etiologia multifatorial, decorrente de fatores genéticos e ambientais, que podem atuar isoladamente ou em associação com os efeitos do envelhecimento. Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), cerca de 1% da população mundial é diagnosticada com a DP acima de 65 anos, o que corresponde a cerca de 5 milhões de pessoas. Além disso, OMS vem procurando possibilidades terapêuticas para o tratamento da DP, incluindo a necessidade do uso de plantas medicinais, como a Cannabis sativa, conhecida pelo seu grande potencial medicinal. Desse modo, realizou uma revisão integrativa nas bases Pubmed, Scielo e Science Direct, incluindo artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, em português e inglês, sobre as novas perspectivas de tratamento da DP e utilizou-se como descritores: Doença de Parkinson, novos tratamentos e idosos. Em consequência da ineficácia a longo prazo e os efeitos adversos dos fármacos popularmente utilizados no tratamento da DP, novas terapias vêm ganhando espaço, entre elas, a o uso de Canabidiol. Os efeitos dos canabinoides são descritos como: cardiovascular, neuroprotetor, antiepilético, anti-inflamatório e imunossupressor, bem como efeitos benéficos na ansiedade, depressão, representando uma melhor qualidade de vida no portador DP. Em uma perspectiva geral, estudos mostraram diversos modelos de DP que comprovam que o canabidiol dispõe de características antiparkinsonianas. Ainda que tenha evidenciado desfechos favoráveis em estudos pré-clínicos e em estudos clínicos, esses desfechos até agora não são capazes de certificar a utilização desse canabinóide em pacientes com Parkinson. Uma amostra maior de análises controladas deve ser realizada com diversos doseamentos para comprovar os resultados existentes.