bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation between CT images of lateral plateau and lateral meniscus injuries in patients with Schatzker II tibial plateau fractures:a retrospective study
Authors: Pu Ying , Lei Zhu , Wenge Ding , Yue Xu , Xiaowei Jiang , Kejie Wang , Yiwen Zhao , Zhihui Huang , Xiaoyu Dai
Published: January 2022

Background

There is a great deal of controversy on whether routine MRI examination is needed for fresh fractures while the vast majority of patients with tibial plateau fractures (TPFs) receive preoperative X-ray and CT examinations. The purpose of the study was to analyze the exact correlation between CT images of lateral plateau and lateral meniscus injuries in Schatzker II TPFs.

Methods

A total of 296 patients with Schatzker II TPFs from August 2012 to January 2021 in two trauma centers were enrolled for the analysis. According to the actual situation during open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) and knee arthroscopic surgery, patients were divided into meniscus injury (including rupture, incarceration, etc.) and non-meniscus injury groups. The values of both lateral plateau depression (LPD) and lateral plateau widening (LPW) of lateral tibial plateau on CT images were measured, and their correlation with lateral meniscus injury was then analyzed. The relevant receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the optimal cut-off point of the two indicators which could predict meniscus injury.

Results

The intra- and inter-observer reliabilities of LPD and LPW were acceptable (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) > 0.8). The average LPD was 13.2 ± 3.2 mm while the average value of the group without meniscus injury was 9.4 ± 3.2 mm. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The average LPW was 8.0 ± 1.4 mm and 6.8 ± 1.6 mm in meniscus injury and non-meniscus injury groups with a significant difference (P < 0.05). The optimal predictive cut-off value of LPD and LPW was 7.9 mm (sensitivity-95.0%, specificity-58.8%, area under the curve (AUC-0.818) and 7.5 mm (sensitivity-70.0%, specificity - 70.6%, AUC - 0.724), respectively. The meniscus injury group mainly showed injuries involving the mid-body and posterior horn of lateral meniscus (98.1%, 157/160).

Conclusions

The mid-body and posterior horn of lateral meniscus injury is more likely to occur in patients with Schatzker II TPFs when LPD > 7.9 mm and/or LPW > 7.5 mm on CT. These findings will definitely provide guidance for orthopedic surgeons in treating such injuries. During the operation, more attention is required be paid to the treatment of the meniscus and the possible fracture reduction difficulties and poor alignment caused by meniscus rupture and incarceration should be fully considered in order to achieve better surgical results.
Vocalist or actor: which one is better prepared to perform in the musical theatre genre?
Authors: Kruglova Marina , Shcherbakova Anna , Gareeva Aigul , Vasilenko Alexander
Published: January 2022

The present study aims to research and compare the process of the development of stage skills in music and theater college students and vocal-performance skills in future actors to identify the most effective model of vocational training of musical actors which appears to be up-to-date and in demand due to the development of the sphere of culture and entertainment, as well as increased competition among musical theatres and musical actors. The object under study is the process of the development of stage skills in students of musical and theater and acting colleges in the context of professional requirements for musical actors. The study compares the processes of professional realization and the development of stage skills in future musical theater actors and the training of actors in vocal performance to prepare them for creative work in the genre of musicals. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the identification of the specific characteristics of vocational training of future musical theatre actors, the identification of the specific characteristics of stage skills development in future musical actors, and the formulation of major professional requirements for training future actors for work in musical performances. The practical significance of the work is due to the fact that the study results can be used by teachers to improve the vocational training of musical actors, as well as by theater managers and producers in the selection of artists to participate in musicals.
Bio-mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Fruit Extract of Ananas Comosus L. Merrill (Pineapple)
Authors: Kasabe Sujata Milind , Ahire Bajirao Bhila , Sharma Sneha Raj
Published: January 2022

Silver is an agent used for different wounds and ulcer treatment as it is nontoxic. However, silver in an ionic or Nanoparticles form is highly toxic to microorganisms. Hence, silver Nanoparticles has wide range of applications than silver ion. Over the physical and chemical methods green synthesis is eco-friendly and cost effective. The present study reveals the formation of silver Nanoparticles by using the fruit extract (Ananas Comosus) by observing the colour change. The produced nanoparticles are characterized by the physicochemical techniques, X-ray diffraction, UV-Visible and antimicrobial activity. The diffraction peaks attributed to 2θ values of 38.11˚ and 44.27˚ (111, 200) reveals the formation of silver nanoparticles. UV-Vis spectrophotometer shows Surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) at 459 nm. The antibacterial studies promise the formation of silver nanoparticle with the ability to inhibit growth of Escherichia coli.
Structural, Spectral, Thermodynamic and HOMO, LUMO Analysis of 2, 6 dithenobenzene-3-enyl 3, 5 dimethyl piperdine-4-one: A quantum chemical analysis
Authors: R.K Sangeetha. , S Ayyappan. S
Published: January 2022

In the current work, the vibrational frequencies, infrared intensities, molecular geometry and Raman scattering were determined and investigated using ab initio Hartree–Fock (HF) and density functional methods with a basis set of 6-311++ G (d, p) of the organic molecule under interpretation. The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of titled molecule have been recorded in the region 4000-400 cm-1 and 5000-70 cm-1, respectively. The optimized geometry structures (bond lengths and bond angles) achieved using HF shows the best result with the experimental values of the titled molecule. The frontier molecular orbitals help to distinguish chemical responsiveness and molecular kinetic steadiness, thus HOMO-LUMO analysis can be done using the quantum chemistry to improve thermodynamics. The electron density mapping to electrostatic potential surfaces were involved in finding the reactivity sites of the titled compound. With the help of Gauss view 5.0 and Chemcraft packages, the obtained outputs are analyzed. Hyperpolarizability and non-linear optical effect of isolated molecules of NLO materials are observed to be an extensive tool for molecular spectroscopy research. Therefore, for industrial application, Hyperpolarizability of the molecule is also studied.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ag-Decorated TiO2 Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Application
Authors: K. Balachandran  , G. Vijayakumar  , S. Mageswari  , A. Preethi  , M.S. Viswak Senan
Published: January 2022

TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2) and Ag-doped TiO2 nanocomposites (Ag-TiO2) were synthesized by the Sol-Gel process using titanium tetra isopropoxide as TiO2 and AgNO3 as Ag precursors, respectively. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, FT-IR, and UV­-Visible analysis. The XRD results show that Ag doping increases the grain size from 22 nm to 36 nm. From the UV-Visible spectra, the redshift in absorbance was observed, which indicates the increase in grain size and it reduces the bandgap. The TEM analysis shows that all the particles are exhibited in the nanometer range. The synthesized nanoparticles show good photocatalytic activity, and they decompose the methyl orange dye within 5 hours.
Characterization Studies of a GC based SAW Sensor System for Potential Detection and Identification of Toxic Environmental Gases/Vapors
Authors: A. Ashibaparveen  , V. Senthilkumar  , T. Venkatesan  , P. Gowdhaman  , Haresh M. Pandya
Published: January 2022

The characterization of a custom-designed GC-based SAW e-Nose sensor system is presented here to study the sensing ability of the sensor system to detect and identify low medium and high toxic vapors. A semi-automated multi-vapor generator generates vapors of chemical compounds that are then exposed to the sensing system to examine its performance under various concentrations. Time-domain verses frequency response of GC-SAW Sensor is noted for repeated cycles against different chemical compounds like xylene, 1,2 dibromoethane, dimethyl sulfate, triethyl phosphate, nitrobenzene, phosphorous trichloride being tested. The generated data is examined using a principle component analysis (PCA) technique to detect a unique response for an individual chemical compound. Experimental results are reported.
Synthesis and Characterisation of Pure Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) Nanoparticle by Conventional Precipitation Method
Authors: V. Gayathri  , R. Balan
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the synthesis of Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) nanoparticles was carried out by the Conventional precipitation method. Ultraviolet, visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS) were performed to find the particles' bandgap and size. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) observed the characteristic bands of Zirconium oxide nanoparticles. Dynamic light scattering analysis showed that the size of the particle was found to be 119 nm.
Control of mobile robot formations using A-star algorithm and artificial potential fields
Authors: Manuel Nelson Luis , İnanç Nihat , Erten Mustafa Yasin
Published: January 2022

Formations or groups of robots become essential in cases where a single robot is insufficient to satisfy a given task. With an increasingly automated world, studies on various topics related to robotics have been carried out in both the industrial and academic arenas. In this paper, the control of the formation of differential mobile robots based on the leader-follower approach is presented. The leader's movement is based on the least cost path obtained by the A-star algorithm, thus ensuring a safe and shortest possible route for the leader. Follower robots track the leader's position in real time. Based on this information and the desired distance and angle values, the leader robot is followed. To ensure that the followers do not collide with each other and with the obstacles in the environment, a controller based on Artificial Potential Fields is designed. Stability analysis using Lyapunov theory is performed on the linearized model of the system. To verify the implemented technique, a simulator was designed using the MATLAB programming language. Seven experiments are conducted under different conditions to show the performance of the approach. The distance and orientation errors are less than 0.1 meters and 0.1 radians, respectively. Overall, mobile robots are able to reach the goal position, maintaining the desired formation, in finite time.
Domestic component level analysis for multipurpose autonomous robot
Authors: Susanti Vita , Sudibyo Henny , Subekti Ridwan Arief , Pikra Ghalya , Pramana Rakhmad Indra , Purwanto Andri Joko , Devi Merry Indahsari , Syukri Agus Fanar , Saputra Roni Permana
Published: January 2022

Multipurpose autonomous robot technology has been developed to assist transportation sectors or the current emergency as the Covid-19 pandemic. A practical issue in the robotic industry concerns the domestic content in commodities, services, and a combination of goods and services commonly determined as domestic component level (DCL). To be considered a standardized national product, a product's DCL must surpass a certain level of local content composition. This research aims to investigate the DCL of a developed multipurpose autonomous robot in Indonesia called ROM20. The research was initiated by interviewing specialists in DCL calculation and robotics research to perform DCL analysis on ROM20. The next step was breaking down the ROM20 components into a second layer component, in which the amount of domestic component and overseas components can be derived. Finally, the ROM20 DCL value was calculated by dividing the cost of domestic components by the total cost of domestic and overseas components. As a digital product, the ROM20 DCL calculation result showed that the manufacturing aspect is 70 %, and the development aspect is 30 %. The overall ROM20 DCL value has been calculated as 52.23 %, which surpasses the national standard threshold at 40 % DCL value. Therefore, ROM20 can be considered a high-value standardized national product, impacting the competitiveness of local products and the fast-growing medical device industry in Indonesia.
Effect of different core materials in very low voltage induction motors for electric vehicle
Authors: Wijaya Fransisco Danang , Imawati Iftitah , Yasirroni Muhammad , Cahyadi Adha Imam
Published: January 2022

The use of squirrel cage induction motor for electric vehicle (EV) has been increasingly popular than permanent magnet and brushless motors due to their independence on rare materials. However, its performance is significantly affected by the core materials. In this research, induction motors performance with various core materials (M19_24G, Arnon7, and nickel steel carpenter) are studied in very low voltage. Three phases, 50 Hz, 5 HP, 48 V induction motor were used as the propulsion force testbed applied for a golf cart EV. The aims are to identify loss distribution according to core materials and compare power density and cost. The design process firstly determines the motor specifications, then calculates the dimensions, windings, stator, and rotor slots using MATLAB. The parameters obtained are used as inputs to ANSYS Maxwell to calculate induction motor performance. Finally, the design simulations are carried out on RMxprt and 2D transient software to determine the loss characteristics of core materials. It is found that the stator winding dominates the loss distribution. Winding losses have accounted for 52-55 % of the total loss, followed by rotor winding losses around 25-27 % and losses in the core around 1-7 %. Based on the three materials tested, nickel steel carpenter and M19_24G attain the highest efficiency with 83.27 % and 83.10 %, respectively, while M19_24G and Arnon7 possess the highest power density with 0.37 kW/kg and 0.38 kW/kg whereas, in term of production cost, the Arnon7 is the lowest.
EVALUATION OF THE BALANCE OF OBESE AND NON-OBESE ELDERLY WOMEN BY COMPUTED DYNAMIC POSTUROGRAPHY
Authors: Mantello E.B. , Hyppolito M.A. , Ferriolli E. , da Costa Lima N.K. , Moriguti J.C.
Published: January 2022

Background: One of the main factors that currently limit the life of the elderly is the imbalance. Computed dynamic posturography, assesses the oscillation of the body by recording the pressure exerted by the feet on the force platform, and allows analyzing the postural reactions secondary to the shift of body weight. Objectives: Evaluate and compare the balance of obese and non-obese elderly women without vestibular symptoms by computed dynamic posturography. Design: prospective trial. Setting: data collected in a university hospital. Participants: 50 elderly females divided into 2 groups according to body mass index (BMI), between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2 for the non-obese group and greater than 30 kg/m2 for the obese group. Intervention: the participants were submitted to the Synapsys Static & Dynamic Posturography® test. Measurements: Sensory Organization Test calculates the average proprioceptive, visual and vestibular functions. Data were analyzed statistically by the Fisher exact test. Results: significant differences were observed between the obese and non-obese subjects regarding: maximum amplitude of the anteroposterior displacement of the patient with eyes open and closed, length and surface area used by the patient with eyes open, energy spent with eyes open and closed, proprioceptive activity in the anteroposterior direction, and vestibular activity in the lateral direction. There were a higher percentage of changes in the anteroposterior tests compared to the lateral tests in the obese subjects. Conclusion: The obesity interferes with the body balance in elderly women, especially in situations that require postural control in the AP direction, proprioceptive cues in the AP direction and vestibular cues in the LAT direction.
SPOUSES’ EXPERIENCES OF MEALTIMES WITH A PARTNER SUFFERING FROM DEMENTIA
Authors: Johansson L. , Björklund A. , Sidenvall B. , Christensson L.
Published: January 2022

Background: As difficulties in performing daily activities occur among persons with dementia, their spouses are also affected. This is also true for mealtimes, yet there is a lack of knowledge and research into how couples manage this situation at home. Objective: The aim of the study was to explore and describe spouses’ experiences of mealtimes in couples in which one partner has dementia. Design, Setting and Participants: Ten spouses were interviewed in their home in respect to their experiences regarding mealtimes when living with a partner diagnosed with dementia. To identify themes across the data set, thematic analysis was conducted. Results: One major theme, Recognizing and managing the range of mealtime change, was identified and showed that depending on where the families were in the dementia process their experienced varied. As progression occurred in the partners disease, routines, responsibilities and relationships were affected within the couple. Strategies the participants used to manage mealtimes at home regarding these problems were highlighted such as getting support from social services, but also strategies they had learnt by themselves. Conclusion: These results generate an insight into what couples face, and their needs for support. Spouses experiences varied which indicates that it is important that support is based on individual needs. Hence, nursing staff should continuously pay attention to couples mealtime situation. Further it increases staff´s knowledge regarding possible solutions on how to involve persons with dementia in mealtime activities and maintain their nutritional intake.
Effect of irrigation levels and foliar application of fertilizers on some agronomic and oil characteristics of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: Osati Fardaneh , Mahmoudi Touraj Mir , Eslam Bahman Paseban , Seta Saman Yazdan , Monirifar Hassan
Published: January 2022

To study the effect of irrigation levels and foliar application of fertilizers on some agronomic and oil characteristics of castor bean, an experiment was conducted at the East Azarbaijan Agricultural Research and Education Center, Tabriz, Iran in 2017-2019 cropping seasons. The experiment was laid out as a split-plot design based on a completely randomized block design with three replications. In the present study, main cluster length, number of branches, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, 100-grain weight biological yield, grain yield, oil percent and oil yield were measured. Irrigation intervals (normal irrigation (irrigation after 60 mm), irrigation after 80 mm and 140 mm of evaporation) was established as main plots and the foliar applications of fertilizers (N, K, S, N + K, and N + S, K + S, N + K + S and control) input as sub-plots. The results showed that, except for the oil percentage, all the examined traits were decreased by water limitation. The highest values of the traits, other than the 100-grain weight, were obtained for foliar application of N + K + S. This treatment improved the grain yield per unit area under normal irrigation and moderate irrigation and severe stresses by 62.76%, 41.46% and 28.98% respectively. Thus, the foliar application of S (2000 ppm) + N (3000 ppm) + K (3000 ppm) fertilizer is the best treatment for mitigating some harmful effects of water deficit on castor bean.
Aposporic development of gametophyte in Sematophyllum subpinnatum (Brid.) E. Britton (Sematophyllaceae) from capsule wall
Authors: Mathew Meenu , Mathew Abraham , Sindu N
Published: January 2022

In the present study, an axenic culture of Sematophyllum subpinnatum (Brid.) E. Britton was attempted from spores. However, spores failed to germinate, but protonemata were seen arising from the diploid capsule wall cells by apospory. Few cells of the capsule wall turned green, and the protoplast divided, resulting in the extension of the protoplast as a germ tube, which developed into protonemata. Protonemata were less spreading, and adult gametophytes developed from these protonemata. The aposporic plants so developed were transferred to soil, and they showed normal growth but with decreased branching. No sex organs and sporophytes were seen. This is the first report of aposporic development of S. subpinnatum from the capsule wall.
Senate Republican Radicalism and the Need for Filibuster Reform
Authors: Smith Steven S.
Published: January 2022

The case for reform of the filibuster practice in the Senate is much stronger now than a few decades ago. The emergence of conservative populism and radical Republican strategies in the Senate has created more serious consequences for the Senate’s traditional rules and practices. This essay draws a clear connection between conservative populism, the strategies of Senate Republicans, and legislative gridlock in the Senate. It concludes with a review of the arguments of Senators Joe Manchin and Kyrsten Sinema against reform and argues that they fail to account for how conservative populism has so thoroughly changed their institution.
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar pada Mahasiswa Tadris Kimia Materi Biokimia di UIN SATU Tulungagung
Authors: Dewi Ratna Kumala
Published: January 2022

Biokimia adalah ilmu yang mengkaji mengenai substansi dan komposisi pada makhluk hidup. Mata kuliah Biokimia termasuk mata kuliah yang sulit untuk dipelajari oleh mahasiswa. Kesulitan belajar pada materi biokimia menyebabkan hasil belajar mahasiswa Tadris Kimia cenderung rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kesulitan belajar mahasiswa tadris kimia di UIN SATU Tulungagung pada mata kuliah Biokimia. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif analisis. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan tinjauan literatur. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan observasi, penyebaran angket, dokumentasi, wawancara dosen, serta wawancara mahasiswa. Instrumen penelitian ini terdiri dari lembar wawancara dosen dan mahasiswa, lembar observasi, dan juga lembar angket. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Tadris Kimia UIN SATU Tulungagung yang telah menempuh mata kuliah Biokimia sebanyak 70 mahasiswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian dan membahasan menunjukkan bahwa kesulitan belajar pada mahasiswa dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya kapasitas dosen dalam mengajar, kemampuan mahasiswa dalam menyerap materi pembelajaran, kualitas lingkungan pembelajaran, dan media pembelajaran. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam rangka mengatasi kesulitan belajar pada mahasiswa tadris kimia materi Biokimia adalah dengan melalui pengembangan bahan ajar yang lebih menarik, penggunakan model pembelajaran interaktif, pembuatan video pembelajaran, modul, buku petunjuk praktikum, diskusi interaktif antara dosen dengan mahasiswa, dan kegiatan laboratorium.
Entre el frío y bajo las sombras de El Salvador: Bolitoglossa synoria
Authors: López-Martínez Roxana Margarita
Published: January 2022

Gran parte del mundo alberga a muchas especies de salamandras, pero particularmente una está confinada a habitar únicamente en una pequeña fracción de bosque compartida entre en el norte de El Salvador y Suroeste de Honduras.
Skyrmionics in correlated oxides
Authors: Lim Zhi Shiuh , Jani Hariom , Venkatesan T. , Ariando A.
Published: January 2022

While chiral magnets, metal-based magnetic multilayers, or Heusler compounds have been considered as the material workhorses in the field of skyrmionics, oxides are now emerging as promising alternatives, as they host special correlations between the spin–orbital–charge–lattice degrees of freedom and/or coupled ferroic order parameters. These interactions open new possibilities for practically exploiting skyrmionics. In this article, we review the recent advances in the observation and control of topological spin textures in various oxide systems. We start with the discovery of skyrmions and related quasiparticles in bulk and heterostructure ferromagnetic oxides. Next, we emphasize the shortcomings of implementing ferromagnetic textures, which have led to the recent explorations of ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic oxide counterparts, with higher Curie temperatures, stray-field immunity, low Gilbert damping, ultrafast magnetic dynamics, and/or absence of skyrmion deflection. Then, we highlight the development of novel pathways to control the stability, motion, and detection of topological textures using electric fields and currents. Finally, we present the outstanding challenges that need to be overcome to achieve all-electrical, nonvolatile, low-power oxide skyrmionic devices.

Graphical abstract
Toward an e-chemistree: Materials for electrification of the chemical industry
Authors: Van Geem Kevin M. , Weckhuysen Bert M.
Published: January 2022

Due to our increasing awareness of the impact of climate change on our society, unit operations in our manufacturing processes, including those in chemical industry, have to be greenified and made less dependent of fossil resources. This so-called electrification of the chemical industry is still yet in its infancy but there are many scientific and technological challenges to be solved. This article provides some directions for further research for scientists in both academia and industry to move step by step to an e-chemistree. These important but far from trivial energy and materials transitions require not only the introduction of new ways of heat management and other, often not yet fully explored, chemical conversion processes in which green electrons are used, but also the development of new materials including large-scale heating coils, easily chargeable battery systems as well as catalyst materials. For each of these developments, there is the issue of materials scarcity as well as durability as the introduction of these production processes should also be cost effective and overall more sustainable than the existing ones.

Graphical abstract
Writing-to-learn in introductory materials science and engineering
Authors: Marks L. , Lu H. , Chambers T. , Finkenstaedt-Quinn S. , Goldman R. S.
Published: January 2022

We examine the impact of writing-to-learn (WTL) on promoting conceptual understanding of introductory materials science and engineering, including crystal structures, stress–strain behavior, phase diagrams, and corrosion. We use an analysis of writing products in comparison with pre/post concept-inventory-style assessments. For all topics, statistically significant improvements between draft and revision scores are apparent. For the stress–strain and phase diagram WTL assignments that require synthesis of qualitative data into quantitative formats, while emphasizing microstructure-properties correlations, the highest WTL effect sizes and medium-to-high gains on corresponding assessments are observed. We present these findings and suggest strategies for future WTL design and implementation.

Graphic abstract
Pengaruh Penggunaan Jenis Pelarut dalam Uji Sitotoksistas Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) pada Wound Dressing Kolagen-Kitosan
Authors: Andini Ary , Prayekti Endah , Triasmoro Fadillah , Kamaliyah Indah Nur
Published: January 2022

Kolagen dan kitosan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pembalut luka karena memiliki karakteristik yang baik. Namun, pembalut luka kolagen-kitosan perlu dilakukan uji sitotoksisitas sebelum diaplikasikan secara in vivo, seperti Brine Shrimp Lethally Test (BSLT). Pembalut luka kolagen-kitosan tidak dapat larut dalam Dimetil Sulfoksida (DMSO) dan aquadest dengan mudah, oleh karena itu perlu pertimbangan alternatif pelarut karena kolagen dan kitosan lebih mudah larut dalam pelarut asam seperti asam klorida (HCl) dan asam asetat ( CH3COOH). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Lethal Concentration  50 (LC50) dari pembalut luka kolagen-kitosan yang dilarutkan dalam pelarut DMSO, HCl, CH3COOH dengan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Pembalut luka kolagen-kitosan didapatkan dengan mencampurkan larutan kitosan 2% dan kolagen dengan perbandingan 1:1 w/w kemudian dihomogenkan, dicetak, dan dikeringkan.  Penelitian ini menggunakan uji sitotoksisitas dengan metode BSLT dan LC50 dihitung menggunakan Analisis Probit. Pembalut luka dilarutkan dalam pelarut DMSO 1%, CH3COOH 1%, dan HCl 1% hingga homogen, kemudian diencerkan dengan berbagai konsentrasi yaitu 100 ppm, 250 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm, dan 1000 ppm dengan tiga kali ulangan untuk setiap perlakuan. Setelah itu uji BSLT dilakukan dengan menggunakan Artemia salina. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembalut luka yang dilarutkan dalam DMSO 1% memiliki LC50 > 1000 ppm, sedangkan pada pelarut CH3COOH dan pelarut  HCl menunjukkan  LC50< 30. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pelarut DMSO bersifat non-toksik (LC50  > 1000 ppm), tetapi pelarut CH3COOH 1% dan HCl 1% bersifat sangat toksik (LC50 < 30 ppm) sebagai pelarut alternatif pembalut luka kolagen-kitosan pada uji BSLT.
Uji Aktivitas Fotokatalis Senyawa Aurivillius Lapis EmpaT SrBi4Ti4O15 dalam Mendegradasi Rhodamine-B
Authors: Haikal Fikri , Prasetyo Anton
Published: January 2022

Senyawa berstruktur Aurivillius dilaporkan mempunyai potensi untuk digunakan sebagai material fotokatalis. Dalam penelitian ini dikaji kemampuan aktivitas fotokatalis senyawa Aurivillius lapis empat SrBi4Ti4O15 dalam mendegradasi senyawa Rhodamine-B. Senyawa uji SrBi4Ti4O15 disintesis melalui metode lelehan garam campuran Na2SO4/K2SO4. Difraktogram menunjukkan bahwa senyawa SrBi4Ti4O15 telah berhasil disintesis dan tidak ditemukan fasa pengotor. Hasil refinement difraktogram dengan metode Rietvield diketahui bahwa senyawa produk SrBi4Ti4O15 memiliki grup ruang A21am dengan parameter kisi a, b, c masing-masing 5,4498; 5,4336; 40,9469 Å. Spektrum ultraviolet visible diffuse reflectancy spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) menunjukkan bahwa senyawa SrBi4Ti4O15 memiliki energi celah pita sebesar 3,02 eV (~410,54 nm). Hasil uji degradasi larutan Rhodamine-B menunjukkan bahwa senyawa SrBi4Ti4O15 mengikuti model reaksi pseudo orde kedua dengan kemampuan mendegradasi sebesar 41,10% pada waktu 120 menit.
Pengaruh Waktu Perendaman Perasan Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantium) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Formalin pada Udang Rebon
Authors: Mus Rosdiana , Sulfiani Sulfiani , Musdalifah Nisfa
Published: January 2022

Formalin sebagai antibacterial agent pada makanan yang mengandung banyak protein. Salah satu makanan yang dicurigai mengandung formalin yaitu udang rebon karena memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi. Senyawa alami yang dapat menurunkan kadar formalin pada udang seperti senyawa saponin dapat ditemukan dalam jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantium). Tujuan penelitian yaitu menentukan kadar formalin pada udang rebon sebelum dan setelah perendaman dengan perasan jeruk nipis berdasarkan lama perendaman 80, 100, dan 120 menit dan mengetahui pengaruh waktu perendaman untuk menurunkan kadar formalin pada udang rebon. Metode penelitian yaitu metode semi kuantitatif (Strip Formaldehid) dan metode kuantitatif (Spektrofotometri UV-Vis). Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu pada sampel A1 (80 menit) = 0,0321% b/v, sampel A2 (100 menit) = 0,0308% b/v dan sampel A3 (120 menit) = 0,0298% b/v. Penurunan kadar formalin paling tinggi yaitu pada perendaman selama 120 menit dengan konsentrasi awal yaitu 0,0826% b/v turun menjadi 0,0298% b/v setelah perendaman dengan perasan jeruk nipis 6% dengan penurunan kadar formalin sebanyak 0,0528% b/v. Semakin lama waktu perendaman maka semakin menurun kadar formalin pada udang rebon karena senyawa saponin yang terkandung di dalam jeruk nipis mampu berikatan dengan air dan formalin.
Analisis Kadar Patchouli Alcohol Menggunakan Gas Chromatography– Mass Spectrometry (GC – MS) pada Pemurnian Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon cablin B.) Aceh Tamiang dengan Nanomontmorillonite
Authors: Ramayanti Devi , Harmawan Tisna , Fajri Rahmatul
Published: January 2022

Tanaman nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri atau yang lebih dikenal dengan nama Patchouli Alcohol (PA). PA merupakan senyawa yang terbesar di dalam minyak nilam sebagai penentu mutu minyak nilam, kadar PA dalam minyak nilam menurut SNI 06-2385-2006 yaitu minimal 30%. Sampel minyak nilam yang digunakan adalah minyak nilam yang berasal dari Aceh Tamiang. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kadar PA sebelum dan sesudah adsorbsi menggunakan Nanomontmorillonite (Nano-MMT) sebagai adsorben dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan uji warna dan metode kuantitatif dengan analisis Gas Cromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) untuk menentukan kadar PA, mengingat Nano-MMT adalah jenis tanah liat (clay) yang dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben yang mengadsorpsi kontaminan metalik dengan baik dikarenakan Nano-MMT mempunyai muatan negatif yang dapat mengikat spesies yang bermuatan positif kontaminan metalik seperti logam berat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui bahwa kadar PA sebelum diadsorpsi 7,74% b/v, dan kadar PA setelah diadsorpsi berkisar antara 4,47%-7,86% b/v, kadar tersebut belum sesuai dengan SNI. Hal ini disebabkan karena banyak hal diantaranya terdapat komponen pengotor berupa kontaminan metalik seperti logam, terjadinya oksidasi, tercampurnya minyak nilam dengan bahan lain, pencemaran wadah penyulingan minyak, dan waktu penyimpanan yang relatif lama.
Pendekatan Kualitatif dalam Ilmu Sejarah: Sebuah Telaah Konseptual
Authors: Prayogi Arditya
Published: January 2022

The popularity of the qualitative approach has recently increased. Especially in the social sciences (including the humanities), where this approach has its own place, although, the most important substance in science, namely the theory itself, is actually qualitative. This is further strengthened by the essence of a qualitative approach (in the social sciences of the humanities) which emphasizes the investigation of a social phenomenon and human problem. This article describes how a qualitative approach is used (particularly) in the science of history, as well as the various characteristics inherent in qualitative research which is so closely related to the science of history. This article was written using descriptive analytical method supported by literature study as the data mining process. From the results of the description, it is known that history as a family of humanities will inevitably (still) use a qualitative approach in its scientific description. This qualitative approach is in the form of a narrative-descriptive-analytical explanation of history, which makes history, apart from being a science, also a story. The task of history is to tell stories through narrative texts, so that a qualitative approach is embedded in the science of history.Keywords: Approach, Qualitative, Historical Science
ICMI dan Surat Kabar Republika: Studi Tindakan ICMI terhadap Revivalisme Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Pangestu Suntara Guci , Isana Widiati
Published: January 2022

Revivalism is used as a tool by modernists to respond to the domination of a group that eliminates the original values of the dominated people, ICMI was born as a new-political power to become the backbone of Muslims in offensive movements to combat the mushrooming boredom. Neo-revivalism was used as an ICMI maneuver during the New Order era, to return Islam to a social order, which was purely in accordance with past texts. ICMI gave birth to Republika Newspaper, a product to support the action; propaganda and columns to accommodate the aspirations of Muslims
Effect of combined glucocorticoid therapy on bronchial asthma dynamics
Authors: Batrakova Ekaterina , Kartashova Oxana , Babaskina Liudmila , Pashanova Olga
Published: January 2022

This work is aimed to compare the effectiveness of parenteral and inhalation bronchial asthma treatment in combination with glucocorticosteroids and bronchodilators. The study was conducted in 2020 in Botkin City Clinical Hospital (Moscow, the Russian Federation). Case histories of 106 patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma exacerbation of moderate severity were analyzed. Patients were divided into two equal groups based on the therapy method: (1) Group 1 received systemic glucocorticosteroids parenterally in combination with inhalation glucocorticosteroids; (2) Group 2 received systemic glucocorticosteroids parenterally, but inhalation therapy was performed with a nebulizer. Clinical manifestations of bronchial asthma have been recorded. During hospital admission, the breath rate was 22.0 for Group 1 and 21.5 for Group 2, P ≥ 0.05, and heart rates were 93.0 and 92.5, respectively (P ≥ 0.05). All indices (blood saturation, breath rate, peak output rate) in Group 1 remained unchanged 4 h after the start of the therapy, while in Group 2, peak flow rate changed to 53.5% with a median increase of 72.0 ml over 4 h, P ≤ 0.05. On Day 3, patients of Group 1 demonstrated a peak flow rate of 59.5%, P ≤ 0.05, and on Day 10, patients of Group 2 had a peak output rate of 53.0 and 59.5%, respectively (P ≤ 0.05). Systemic glucocorticoids were eliminated in 47 patients of Group 1 and in all patients of Group 2. The treatment tactics applied in Group 2 resulted in faster and more significant improvement in patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma exacerbation. Both treatment regimens showed high results.
A Potentially Useful Procedure for Conversion of Ethers to Esters
Authors: H Li , Z Mark , M Graylion , T Shen
Published: January 2022

This communication reports a catalytic system for transformation of ethers into their corresponding esters, especially for cyclic ethers. This efficient procedure was developed as part of our efforts to synthesize nucleoside building blocks and their derivatives. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) monitored the reaction processes, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry (NMR), and Infrared Spectrometry (IR) were used to verify the structure of the products. The conversions of Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and other cyclic ether into lactones were accomplished in high yield, over 95%. This approach could be extended too many types of ethers to produce directly corresponding esters simply. Four representatives of ethers were investigated. Cyclic ethers have the higher yields. Linear ethers gave lower yields. The reaction on methoxylcarbon or methyl ether carbon was not observed. The reacted catalyst can be reused over several times. For each reusing, only drops of sulfuric acid need to be added. Nevertheless, the asymmetric ethers selectivity needs to be addressed in future studies.
Museos de territorio, narrativas y ciudades
Authors: Fuentes Maribel Del Carmen Aliaga , Lima Celso Fernando Barroso
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar la posibilidad de construir un diálogo entre museos y ciudades. Para ello, analiza los museos desde las premisas de la nueva museología, teniendo en cuenta las transformaciones de estos espacios en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. De esta forma, se entiende que los cambios que se produjeron en la sociedad en el siglo XX exigieron un nuevo concepto de museo que representara mejor las aspiraciones del hombre de hoy. En este contexto, entiende que las nuevas tipologías de museos, como territorios y ecomuseos, pueden ayudar en la producción de nuevas empatías, a través de la formación de narrativas, entre el individuo y el espacio urbano. Discute la diferencia entre narrativa e información dentro del espacio de la ciudad, mostrando cómo los museos del territorio pueden aportar nuevas formas de diálogo entre el sujeto y el espacio, contribuyendo a construir nuevas memorias para la comprensión de las ciudades por parte de sus habitantes.
Aproximación metodológica para la coproducción de conocimiento sobre indicadores de sostenibilidad en los nuevos escenarios latinoamericanos
Authors: Giglio Mónica , Holzer Werther , Ramírez Elquin Puentes , Guerrero Adriana Hidalgo , Valitutto Irene
Published: January 2022

La enseñanza del urbanismo en Latinoamérica, supone el doble desafío de ofrecer una enseñanza de calidad, que permita a los futuros profesionales encarar las dificultades del desarrollo sostenible, y al mismo tiempo adaptar metodologías para formular metas alcanzables en el contexto local. Los acuerdos internacionales que formularon el Objetivo 11 de Desarrollo Sostenible, sobre “Ciudades y comunidades sostenibles”, plantean lineamientos que requieren definir estándares locales. Los estudiantes de urbanismo deben adquirir destrezas para manejar indicadores y evaluar la sostenibilidad de las formas de habitar.
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Authors: not provided cannaleafzcbd
Published: January 2022

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Authors: not provided cannaleafz
Published: January 2022

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[RETRACTED] What is Exipure? v1
Authors: Daily Blog
Published: January 2022

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Authors: Male Owen
Published: January 2022

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ESTIMATION OF SHEA TREES (Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. GAERTN.) FRUIT PRODUCTION BY ASSESSING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN YIELD PARAMETERS AND DENDROMETRIC FEATURES IN NORTHERN OF CÔTE D'IVOIRE
Authors: Nafan Diarrassouba , Noel Dago Dougba , Martial Yao Saraka Didier
Published: January 2022

Vitellaria paradoxa, commonly known as the shea tree, is a tree of the family Sapotaceae and represents a traditional African food plant. It has been claimed to have the potential to improve nutrition, boost food supply, foster rural development, and support sustainable land care. Despite its multiple potentials, statistical data relating to its production are non-existent and/or unexploited in several African communities. To contrast this tendency, the present study aims to assess the intra-seasonal variation in fruit production of a sample of 115 shea trees and then to establish a correlation between yield parameters and several dendrometric features. Dendrometric (i.e. tree height, trunk girth, and crown basal area) and pomological (i.e. fruit and nut length and width) parameters, as well as yield parameters by monitoring daily fallen fruit from each sampled shea tree, carried out for five years consecutively, were considered for this study. The results showed inter-year fluctuation of shea fruit/nut number and shea fruit/nut weight. In addition, the results showed a significant increase in the annual average of shea fruit/nut yield per tree and as well per girth and/or crown basal area interval class, randomly generated by Sturge and Yule's formula. Interestingly, potentially high producing trees emerged within each considered interval class. Then, observed intraclass variation between trees determining shea yield can be exploited in selecting elite shea trees.
SEED PRIMING AND EXOGENOUS APPLICATION OF SALICYLIC ACID ENHANCE GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) BY REGULATING PHOTOSYNTHETIC ATTRIBUTES
Authors: Rhaman Mohammad Saidur , Rauf Farjana , Tania Shaila Shermin , Karim Md. Masudul , Sagar Ashaduzzaman , Robin Arif Hasan Khan , Latef Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel , Murata Yoshiyuki
Published: January 2022

Low and uneven germination is a serious problem for the successful production of okra seedlings. Priming of seeds as well as supplementation of different plant growth regulators exhibited better response in successful seedling production which eventually results in higher yield. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of seed priming and exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA) on okra seed germination and plant development. The okra seeds were primed by 1 mM and 2 mM of SA for 60 minutes whereas the seeds were washed several times with distilled water for the control treatment. Similar doses of SA have been exogenously sprayed to the 12 days okra seedlings for 4 days. The results of the study revealed that seed priming with SA enhanced germination percentage (GP), increased coleoptile length and weight, shoot and root length, and seed vigor index (SVI). Similarly, exogenous application of 1 mM SA increased relative water content (RWC), contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll while a higher dose of SA (2 mM) degraded the leaf pigments. Supplementation of SA altered photosynthetic attributes, net photosynthetic (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), and water use efficiency (WUE). Moreover, SA treatment reduced the time duration of flower bud initiation and days to first flowering and enhanced the yield per plant. The results of this study indicated that seed priming and exogenous application of SA enhanced germination and okra productivity by regulating RWC and photosynthetic attributes where 1 mM SA is more effective compared to 2 mM SA.
ASSESSMENT OF IL-33, TNF- α AND LEUKOTREINS B4 IN PATIENTS SERUM WITH ENTERIC FEVER
Authors: Mohammed Khalil Ismail A. , Ali Saad Hasan Mohammed , Al-Fukhar Suha A. , Al-Wattar Wifaq M. Ali , Mousa Jinan M.
Published: January 2022

Salmonella typhoid and paratyphoid are transmitted mainly by the fecal-oral route. This study was designed to find the correlation between Salmonella and IgM, IgG, and the levels of interleukin-33, TNF-α, and LTB 4. The study was carried out from March 2020 to January 2021 for the detection of Salmonellosis in 100 suspected patients with age group ranging from 17 - 69 years, who attended Baghdad teaching hospitals that had been examined and defined as suspected cases by a specialized physician with the recording of clinical manifestation. The diagnosis was done by immunochromatography method, a blood sample was taken from the patient as well as other 30 healthy controls matching in age and gender. The study included measurement of the level of interleukin -33, Tumor necrosis Factor α, and Leukotreins B4 level in sera of patients and healthy control. The results indicated that anti –salmonella IgM positive in 54 cases, anti- salmonella IgG positive in 46 cases, and 18 positive cases with both IgM and IgG.  The Level of interleukin 33, Tumor necrosis Factor – α increased significantly while the serum Leukotreins B4 level decreased significantly in patients sera as compared with healthy control.