bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An investigation performed in a Bangladeshi general hospital on the use of proton pump inhibitors drugs by patients
Authors: Sony Tahmina , Alam Md , Hoque Majedul
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are anti-ulcer drugs that have reportedly been used inappropriately in therapeutic settings, raising the risk of adverse effects, drug interactions , and costs. Aim: This study aimed to evto evaluate the inappropriate use of PPI medication and which category of PPIs frequently was used for patients in Bangladeshi hospitals. Material and Methods: A one month cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital to evaluate the kinds of PPI prescriptions, their appropriateness, and their tendency to be utilized among patients. Results: Among 298 patients interviewed,140 patients used PPIs inappropriately. The most common reasons for inappropriate use included gastric appetite (29.59%, 29 individuals) and nausea. Other reasons included (15%) no clear indication, (20%) gastric discomfort, (13.57%) asthma, and (8.57%) infections. Esomeprazole was the most prescribed PPI, used by 41% of patients, followed by omeprazole at 32%. Nearly 44% of the 140 patients exhibited a strong tendency to use PPIs. Conclusion: Important steps must be taken to ensure that PPIs are used properly, to increase knowledge, and implement educational TV programs that can reduce the risk of drug interactions, side effects, and unnecessary expenses.
Biotin interference with laboratory test results
Authors: Strilić David , Stanimirov Bojan , Đanić Maja
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Biotin interference in laboratory tests is a growing concern, particularly due to the widespread use of biotin not only as a therapeutic agent but also as a supplement in the cosmetic industry. Immunoassays utilizing biotin-streptavidin technology are especially susceptible to interference, which can result in inaccurate test results, misdiagnosis, and inappropriate treatment. Methodology: This review synthesizes information from scientific literature available through databases like PubMed and Google Scholar. Keywords such as "biotin", "interference" and "immunoassay" were used to identify relevant studies. Topic: This review addresses the risk of biotin interference in various immunoassays, particularly its impact on thyroid function tests (TSH, FT3, FT4), parathyroid hormone (PTH), testosterone, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and cardiac markers including troponin. It explores the pharmacokinetics of biotin elimination and the prevalence of elevated biotin levels in patient populations. The clinical consequences of falsely high or low results , potentially leading to misdiagnosis, are highlighted. Methods for mitigating biotin interference , such as serial dilution, biotin depletion, and advancements in biotin-resistant immunoassays, are also discussed. Conclusion: Biotin interference presents a significant challenge in laboratory diagnostics, particularly with the growing use of high-dose biotin supplements. Tests most susceptible include those assessing thyroid function, reproductive hormones, and cardiac markers. Raising awareness among healthcare professionals and patients, along with implementing biotin depletion protocols and improving immunoassay designs, are key strategies to mitigate interference. Continued research into biotin-resistant immunoassays is critical for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and preventing clinical misinterpretation.
Comparison of scores for predictability of corticosteroid failure in patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis
Authors: Knežević Milica , Janjić Nebojša , Lečić Vuk , Todorović Nemanja , Damjanov Dimitrije
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone are the first-line drugs in the treatment of acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC). The Oxford index and the Lindgren score are two of several prognostic systems for the early assessment of corticosteroid (CS) failure. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the clinical course and treatment outcome of patients with ASUC and the difference between the Oxford criteria and the Lindgren score in identifying patients with CS-refractory ASUC. Material and Methods: A retrospective clinical trial included 30 patients with ASUC. They were divided into a group with complete response to intravenous CS therapy and one without. Demographic and clinical parameters associated with CS failure were analyzed statistically. In order to test the hypotheses, a chi-square test was applied. Results: After the third day of therapy, 70% of patients did not have a complete response to CS therapy based on the Oxford index value. These patients had a 91% higher risk of receiving rescue therapy (infliximab), while this risk is 2.67 times higher in patients with a Lindgren score >8 (it was recorded in 53.3% of patients). Statistically significantly lower values of the Lindgren score were found in the group with a complete response to CS therapy. A third of the patients from the examined group received rescue therapy, no patient was surgically treated and there were no cases of fatal outcome. In relation to rescue therapy, the Lindgren score >8 showed a higher positive predictive value (62.5% vs 47.6%) and higher specificity (70% vs 45%) than the Oxford index, while the negative predictive value and sensitivity of both scores amounted to 100%. Conclusion: Pharmacotherapy with intravenous CS was effective in most acute severe ulcerative colitis patients, but in a certain number of patients it was necessary to include rescue therapy. The Lindgren scoring system is specific and has a higher predictive value in identifying CS-refractory patients compared to the Oxford index values.
Deliberate self-poisoning and suicidality: A qualitative analysis of the factors that influence repetitive suicidal behavior
Authors: Kelečević Igor , Vejnović Ana-Marija , Mijatović-Jovin Vesna
Published: January 2025

Suicide attempts are more common than suicide completions and occur more frequently in women than in men. Patients who survive a suicide attempt are at an increased risk of suicide completion. The most common method of non-lethal suicide attempt is deliberate self-poisoning. Suicidal individuals often have psychiatric comorbidities, most frequently mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use and personality disorders. Chronic diseases are also factors that can lead to suicide attempts. Repetitive suicidal behavior is influenced by several important risk factors. Among them, the most important ones are the number of self-harm episodes and the age of suicidal individuals. Other risk factors include male gender, solitary living, and higher social and economic status. Recent studies point to the fact that rates of deliberate self-intoxications are rising among young people and adolescents. The choice of substance for a suicidal act highly depends on its availability. The drugs of choice are usually benzodiazepines, antidepres-sants, antipsychotics, and antiepileptic drugs. However, deliberate self-harm by poisoning sometimes includes illicit drugs. Novel psychoactive substances are a new trend associated with attempted suicides. Survival after deliberate ingestion of substances is common. Hence, it is important to identify individuals at high risk of suicide and work on adequate measures of secondary prevention, while the follow-up period should be long enough in order to reduce the rates of successful suicide following the first episode of suicide attempt by self-poisoning. Health care professionals, family, and society should play an important role in suicide prevention activities.
Educational robots in teachers' education
Authors: Mandić Danimir , Miščević Gordana , Babić Jelica , Matović Sofija
Published: January 2025

The contemporary educational paradigm, which brings learning outcomes and competencies to the foreground, puts special emphasis on digital competencies. The relevance of their development is visible in a series of strategies and initiatives at the global and national level. The application of AI and robotics poses a number of pedagogical challenges to teachers, with the use of robots in education being one of the latest trends. The paper discusses the perceptions of students of the University of Belgrade's Faculty of Education (Serbia) about robots. The aim of the research was to determine how future preschool and primary school teachers perceive robots, and their pedagogical implications, in order to create opportunities for improving teaching on the use of robots in an educational setting. Students perceive robots in two dominant functions: educational and assistive. A statistically significant difference in the attitudes of future preschool and primary school teachers were observed regarding the reasons for choosing the robot they drew. Preschool teachers gave primacy to the cognitive domain, while primary school teachers found it difficult to judge which domain was dominant. Misconceptions about robots were observed among some of the respondents, and these were further analyzed. The most dominant function of the robot was the educational one, and its predominant appearance was in the animal form. Most of the respondents did not draw elements that would indicate emotions of the depicted robots. However, the drawings of the robot in the animal form included clear positive emotions. The obtained results can be a significant predictor of the way in which future preschool and primary school teachers will use robots in their teaching and educational work with children and students. They can also give the professors of the faculties of education useful guidelines for modifying syllabuses used for building student digital competencies.
The impact of intelligent tutoring systems and artificial intelligence on students' motivation and achievement in STEM education: A systematic review
Authors: Ilić Jelena , Ivanović Mirjana , Klašnja-Milićević Aleksandra
Published: January 2025

In recent years, STEM education, which encompasses science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, has experienced significant and dynamic progress. These advancements are characterised by the proliferation of scientific knowledge and the development of cutting-edge educational resources that rely on artificial intelligence technology, among other factors. A promising avenue for advancing formal education is presented by intelligent tutoring systems, which offer intelligent instruction and feedback, thereby facilitating a more personalized and practical learning experience. This study explored emerging trends and the feasibility of integrating intelligent tutoring systems in STEM education. A systematic literature review was carried out following PRISMA guidelines, with a total of 24 studies included, selected based on predefined inclusion criteria aligned with the research objective. The analysis reveals a growing interest in intelligent tutoring systems within STEM education between 2019 and 2024. Furthermore, the majority of research conducted thus far has focused on the K-12 education system and higher education institutions. This research initially examined the impact of Intelligent Tutoring Systems on enhancing student motivation and overall academic performance in STEM education courses. The findings substantiate the assertion that integrating artificial intelligence into intelligent tutoring systems positively impacts student motivation and achievement in STEM education. Additionally, students' prior knowledge of STEM subjects enhances their engagement and motivation when using intelligent tutoring systems. Integrating intelligent tutoring systems into STEM education has significantly improved student motivation and academic achievement.
Improving mathematical proving skills through interactive theorem proving
Authors: Stojanović-Đurđević Sana , Urošević Andrija , Marić Filip
Published: January 2025

Understanding and constructing proofs of mathematical theorems is a fundamental component of mastering mathematics and developing the logical apparatus. In addition, the theorems in mathematical textbooks are often only understandable through their proofs. However, students sometimes lack the precision needed to write detailed proofs and the understanding of basic proving concepts. In this paper, we propose the use of interactive theorem provers by math teachers with the goal of improving students' mathematical proving skills and understanding of logical rules. This approach utilizes feedback from interactive theorem provers while gradually progressing through carefully selected areas of mathematics and computer science. We propose the focused use of two areas, firstly the subset of elementary mathematical theorems and secondly an area that can be selected by teachers in relation to their subject area (and can include almost any area of mathematics and computer science). The proposed approach was implemented in the elective course "Introduction to Interactive Theorem Proving" for fourth year undergraduate students at the Faculty of Mathematics in Belgrade. The course utilizes the interactive theorem prover Isabelle and encompasses constructing formal proofs of elementary mathematical theorems (selected as the first area) and the formal verification of appropriate functional algorithms (selected as the second area). Upon completion of the course, students attain proficiency to formalize tasks and solutions from international mathematical Olympiads and to verify certain algorithms and data structures. The results of our approach are based on the experience with six generations of students who have carried out a variety of formalization projects from different areas of mathematics and computer science, thus demonstrating the vast applicability of the proposed approach. We show that under intensive teacher guidance, students are quite capable of understanding and constructing formal proofs. This resulted in an extremely positive outcome in the first use of interactive theorem proving at the undergraduate level. The course is designed in such a way that the required prior knowledge is ground-level mathematical knowledge. Thus, it is possible to learn interactive theorem proving in parallel with the mathematical logic courses, with the aim of additionally understanding important logic and proof concepts used in all areas of mathematics from the very beginning.
Enhancing accuracy and modelling in financial mathematics education through CSCL
Authors: Vučićević Nemanja , Milenković Aleksandar
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the impact of using the Excel software package in teaching Financial Mathematics. The research aims to achieve more accurate results and facilitate a more comprehensive approach to solving complex computational problems. Additionally, the study examines how Excel influences the overall problem-solving process, particularly in analyzing solutions and interpreting financial models. The research was conducted with two groups of students: a control group and an experimental group. The control group followed a traditional problem-solving approach without computers, while the experimental group used Excel software. The teaching content focused on cash flows, specifically determining interest rates, calculating loan installments, determining cash flows' present and future value over various time intervals, and conducting a detailed analysis of potential alternative financial scenarios. The experimental group demonstrated significant improvement in problem-solving, especially in areas requiring complex financial formulas, multiple computational operations, and decision-making. The findings highlight the advantages of Excel's functionalities, such as formula automation and data visualization, which reduce computational complexity and allow greater emphasis on interpreting the results. These results align with contemporary educational methods based on Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL).
Managerial stress in the process of digital transformation of organization
Authors: Radnović-Vukčević Jelena , Prodanović Branislava , Radnović Vladana , Nićin Slobodan
Published: January 2025

Digital transformation is an essential process in modern business that enables organizations to fundamentally redefine their operations, communication, and business models through the integration of digital technologies. This process represents more than a mere technical upgrade; it is a profound change that requires the inclusion of technology in the foundation of daily activities in order to improve efficiency, innovation, and competitiveness in the market. In the context of globalization, rapid adaptation to digital trends becomes crucial for preserving market position, and successful implementation of digital transformations can result in significant savings, resource optimization, and productivity improvements. Digitization also enables a better understanding of customer needs through the analysis of large amounts of data, contributing to the creation of personalized products and services. However, digital transformation also brings challenges, including managing organizational change, managerial stress due to rapid decision-making, continuous learning, and the need to adapt to new technologies. As a general phenomenon and an eminent factor of business activities, managerial stress manifests in different ways across the wide range of actions in the process of digital transformation of organizations. Human resource management is important in managing stress in the process of digital transformation of organizations, directing it into optimal frameworks where it manifests a positive dimension, aimed at enhancing the success of both individual business activities and overall results in the process of digital transformation of organizations.
Development of Nigella sativa (black seed) extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for targeting Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced metastatic colon cancer
Authors: Ukwubile Cletus Anes , Jr Otalu Otalu , Gangpete Semen Ibrahim
Published: January 2025

Metastatic colon cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with increasing evidence linking microbial infections, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, to cancer progression. This study focuses on the development of Nigella sativa (black seed) extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (NS-CNPs) as a targeted therapeutic approach against K. pneumoniae-induced metastatic colon cancer. NS-CNPs were synthesized using ionic gelation, yielding nanoparticles with an average size of 140 ± 5 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.23 ± 0.02, and an encapsulation efficiency of 85.7 ± 4.3%. Morphological analysis confirmed their spherical shape. The NS-CNPs exhibited superior antibacterial efficacy against K. pneumoniae (zone of inhibition 22.00 ± 2.5 mm) compared to the crude extract (zone of inhibition 12.3 ± 0.1 mm), highlighting improved bioavailability and targeted delivery. Cytotoxicity studies on colon cancer cell lines showed a significant reduction in cell viability (IC50 = 0.16 ± 0.01 µg/mL), accompanied by modulation of key cancer biomarkers such as TNF-α with values of 12.50 ± 1.2 and 13.70 ± 1.5 pg/mL. The treatment elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels by 48%, increased caspase-3 and Bax expression by 2.5-fold and 1.8-fold, respectively, while reducing anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression by 40%. These effects indicate oxidative stress induction and apoptosis activation. Furthermore, NS-CNPs suppressed tumor-promoting pathways and enhanced pro-apoptotic mechanisms, demonstrating dual antibacterial and anticancer functionalities. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of NS-CNPs as a novel nanoplatform for combating K. pneumoniae-associated metastatic colon cancer, paving the way for integrative strategies in cancer treatment that address both microbial and tumorigenic factors.
Obtención de celulosa de residuos agrícolas de tres variedades de plátano (Musa acuminata Red dacca, Musa acuminata y Musa paradisiaca) para fines agroindustriales.
Authors: Zambrano Muñoz Roxanna Mercedes , Zambrano Muñoz Denisse Margoth , Revilla Escobar Karol , Aldas Morejon Jhonnatan , Avilés Miño Marcos Alberto
Published: January 2025

El plátano se cultiva principalmente en climas cálidos, y la producción de esta materia prima genera una creciente cantidad de residuos vegetales. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la obtención de celulosa a partir de los residuos (tallo, hojas y raquis) de tres variedades de plátano para fines agroindustriales. Se aplicó un diseño factorial ABC, donde el Factor A representa las variedades, el Factor B las partes vegetativas y el Factor C los métodos de blanqueo. En la fase inicial de elaboración de papel, la humedad de la celulosa varió entre 4,89 % y 9,86 %, y el contenido de ceniza se situó entre 9,81 % y 18,86 %. Los análisis físico-químicos revelaron que el raquis de la variedad Musa Acuminata Red Dacca, usando el método reproceso, presentó el mejor contenido de humedad (7,77 %) y un bajo contenido de ceniza (2,16 %). Además, el raquis de Musa Paradisiaca, mediante el método de blanqueo alcanzó un 69,96 %. Por otro lado, las hojas de Musa Acuminata Red Dacca tratadas mediante blanqueo, mostraron un calibre de 1,67 mm. Estos resultados destacan la importancia de seleccionar adecuadamente la variedad y el método de blanqueo para optimizar la producción de celulosa.
Normas de publicación
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Educación indigena y decolonial: Perspectivas para la Educación Comparada
Authors: Knobloch Phillip
Published: January 2025

El artículo aborda las demandas actuales de una referencia a las teorías y perspectivas decoloniales en la ciencia de la educación. Esto se pide, por ejemplo, en relación con el desarrollo de conceptos de educación para la ciudadanía global, así como en relación con la educación comparada. Dado que sigue sin estar muy claro qué se entiende por "educación decolonial" en muchas de estas demandas programáticas, el artículo intenta ofrecer ejemplos concretos. La historia educativa de los pueblos indígenas, que pueden remontarse a su propia historia colonial, parece especialmente adecuada para ello. Se toma como ejemplo la historia educativa colonial y decolonial de los sami en el norte de Europa. Las consideraciones llevan a la conclusión de que un examen de la historia educativa de los sami no sólo puede contribuir a una mejor comprensión de la teoría decolonial de América Latina, sino también de la concepción de la educación de Wilhelm von Humboldt. Se concluye que la educación comparada puede hacer una importante contribución al desarrollo de conceptos educativos globales decoloniales centrándose más en la historia educativa colonial y decolonial de los pueblos indígenas y otros pueblos.
Reseña de Sousa, Ana Rita y Milail Lamas (comp.), ¿Lo diría mejor el tiempo? Un siglo de poetas portuguesas, México: Círculo de Poesía, 2019.
Authors: Mata Rodolfo
Published: January 2025

Reseña de Sousa, Ana Rita y Milail Lamas (comp.), ¿Lo diría mejor el tiempo? Un siglo de poetas portuguesas, México: Círculo de Poesía, 2019. 194 pp. ISBN: 978-607-9135-61-4.
Toward a New Model for Research on Ambitious Mathematics Teaching
Authors: Hiebert James , Gallimore Ronald , Stigler James W.
Published: January 2025

We propose a model for investigating the quality of mathematics teaching using learning opportunities as an alternative dependent variable to student learning outcomes. We define learning opportunities as opportunities intended by the teacher and engaged by students. We use a general learning goal—conceptual understanding—to show that sufficient empirical evidence exists to identify features of learning opportunities that reliably connect with commonly desired learning outcomes. If accepted, our model would allow teaching researchers to reallocate scarce resources to study, in more detail, the nature of teaching that yields learning opportunities with desired features engaged by students. We believe the model could clarify the criteria for justifying appropriate dependent variable selection in research designs, grant proposals, and manuscript drafts.
Adulteration of Oregano Herb and Essential Oil
Authors:   American Botanical Council, Bejar Ezra
Published: January 2025

The goal of this bulletin is to provide timely information and/or updates on issues of intentional and accidental adulteration and mislabeling of oregano herb and essential oil (EO).* It provides information on issues of adulteration and mislabeling of oregano (Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum, O. onites) herb used as a spice and herbal remedy, in particular with winter savory (Satureja montana, Lamiaceae) herb, sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana, Lamiaceae) herb, Cistus spp. (Cistaceae) leaf, olive (Olea europaea, Oleaceae) leaf, thyme (Thymus spp., Lamiaceae) herb, summer savory (Satureja hortensis, Lamiaceae) herb, strawberry (Fragaria spp., Rosaceae) leaf, sumac (Rhus spp., Anacardiaceae) leaf, hazelnut (Corylus avellana, Betulaceae) leaf, myrtle (Myrtus communis, Myrtaceae) leaf, and colored wheat (Triticum aestivum, Poaceae) bran. Additional species in the family Lamiaceae from the genera Origanum, Thymus, Poliomintha, Plectranthus, Monarda, and Hyptis or in the family Verbenaceae from the genera Lippia, Aloysia, and Lantana are known to have “oregano” as part of their common name, and may thus be mistaken for oregano by purchasing personnel who lack proper training.

The bulletin also addresses adulteration of oregano (Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum) EO, in particular with Origanum and Thymus species, Spanish thyme blend, and synthetic carvacrol and thymol. This bulletin may serve as guidance for quality control personnel, the international herbal products industry and the extended natural products community in general. It is also intended to present a summary of the scientific data and methods on the occurrence of species substitution, adulteration, the market situation, and economic and safety consequences for the consumer and the industry.
The landscape of European ISACs in 2023
Authors:   NASK National Research Institute, Popow Paulina , Zalewska-Czajczyńska Emilia
Published: January 2025

Report presents the concept of ISACs and analyses their operations in Europe. It highlights diversity of sectors that utilise ISAC services, including, among others, energy, financial and transport sector. It also asserts the importance of international cooperation in effectively countering global cybersecurity threats
Lexical Availability in CLIL
Authors: Geoghegan Leah
Published: January 2025

Within the context of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), vocabulary acquisition is of central importance. However, while CLIL is increasingly being implemented throughout Spain, there remains a clear preference, both in practice and research, for using English over other languages such as French. This study thus investigates the token production of Spanish students taking both English and French CLIL classes by means of a lexical availability task. It aims to determine if there are quantitative differences between the learners’ language level and token production in English and French, and whether these differences exist across grades. Results indicate that learners have higher proficiency and produce more words in English, and that CLIL instruction has a clear impact on learners’ production across grades. The results are of key interest to multilingual CLIL educators seeking to make the most of vocabulary gains in multiple languages.
ESP Students Processing Multimodal Websites Through the Eye-tracking Technique
Authors: Bort Mir Lorena , Fortanet Gómez Inmaculada
Published: January 2025

With the increasing importance of the Internet for teaching and learning, websites have become an interesting pedagogic resource as they entail interconnected modes of communication to convey meaning. When combined with multimodal website analysis, eye-tracking can provide valuable insights into how users engage with different modes of communication on a website. In this pilot experimental study, we analyze and compare how twenty-six Computer Science and Business and Law double degree students process two entrepreneurial websites to understand their meaning through eye-tracking (RealEyeTM online tool, https://www.realeye.io/). On the one hand, we analyze to what extent the eye-tracking technique contributes to the ESP students’ perception of the multimodality of websites. On the other hand, we tested the students’ reactions to using an activity with an eye-tracker in ESP courses, and we compared the results between two academic backgrounds. Our results show more fixations on titles and body text than photos or graphics, and the overall reading pattern entails fast scanning with no significant differences between the two groups. This research proves that eye-tracking can be a valuable tool for understanding how people process multimodal texts. It can be used to improve the effectiveness of such texts for communication and learning.
Me not a good kisser, that’s like Mother Theresa, not a good mother. An Analysis of the Hyperbolic like Comparison Construction
Authors: Rosca Andreea
Published: January 2025

Given the scarcity of research on hyperbole and simile in Cognitive Linguistics, it is important to explore these figures of speech, whose interaction has only been tangentially addressed in this field. Thus, the main aim of the study is to provide a detailed description of hyperbolic like comparison constructions by examining the structural and conceptual diversity of the source and target domains, as well as the characteristics of the third component of hyperbolic similes, namely the elaboration. With this objective in mind, we carried out an analysis of 120 examples of hyperbolic similes retrieved from the comedy sitcom Friends (1994-2004). Our findings show that the source domains of hyperbolic like comparison constructions are both structurally and conceptually more complex than the target domains.
Thomas More in the Virorum doctorum de disciplinis benemerentium effigies XLIIII (1572)
Authors: Olivares-Merino Eugenio M.
Published: January 2025

While in Antwerp to work on his edition of the Polyglot Bible (1573), the Spanish humanist Benito Arias Montano met the Dutch engraver, Philip Galle. They collaborated on the publication of the Virorum doctorum de disciplinis benemerentium effigies XLIIII (1572), a collection of over 40 portraits, each accompanied by a Latin epigram by the Spaniard. One of these portraits corresponds to Thomas More; and it was the first time that an engraving of Henry VIII’s Chancellor appeared in a portrait book. This study analyzes More’s presence in Galle’s and Arias Montano’s volume. After dealing with the sources of Galle’s graphic representation of More and its formal analysis, we clarify why the Spanish Netherlands were a most fitting context for the popularisation of More’s image in printed works. The Spaniard’s possible role in the creation of the final list of 44 illustrious men is also relevant, though it has primarily been argued by Spanish scholars. Other aspects related to the genesis of the Virorum doctorum are also taken into account before concluding with an analysis of the two versions of the Latin epigram that Arias Montano composed for More, a synthesis of what the Spaniard admired in the ill-fated English author.
Planning, Management and Conduct of Regulatory Safety Review and Assessment for Nuclear Power Plants
Authors:   INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
Published: January 2025

Establishing a well-defined, well-organized and clear regulatory review and assessment process at each licensing step is key to achieving the highest level of safety throughout the lifetime of a nuclear power plant. Reflecting a project management approach adopted in many States, this publication provides practical guidance for the planning, management and conduct of the review and assessment by regulatory bodies of applications for authorization. It is intended for the managers and staff of regulatory bodies of States, particularly those embarking on a nuclear power programme, who are involved in the regulatory review and assessment process.
Implementation of Continuous Toddler Mother Classes for Toddlers 1 to 2 Years Old in South Klaten-Indonesia
Authors: Triwik Sri Mulati  , Dewi Susilowati
Published: January 2025

Background: It is very important to prepare mothers of toddlers for the period of being parents of toddlers and provide adequate support during the period of being parents of toddlers because some mothers of toddlers experience ignorance about caring for toddlers, especially children aged 1-2 years. The preparation of the toddler's mother includes the readiness of the toddler's mother with the knowledge and skills for becoming a toddler's parent and providing support that can be provided by her husband, family and health workers. The knowledge and the skill regarding caring for children aged 1-2 years are really needed by a toddler's mother so that the toddler's mother has confidence in facing the period of being a toddler's parent and can adapt well so as to reduce the incidence of depression when becoming a toddler's parent.
Aim: This study aims to prove the effect of toddler mother classes on increasing knowledge and skills regarding caring for toddlers aged 1-2 years.
Method: The design of this research was a quasi-experimental with a pre-test post-test group design without control with a sample of 51 mothers who had children aged 1 – 2 years at Danguran Village, in South Klaten District. Data analysis used statistical tests, namely the Paired-Sample T-Test, to determine the effect of toddler mothers' classes on knowledge and skills regarding caring for toddlers aged 1-2 years.
Results: There is an influence of toddler mother classes for children aged 1-2 years on increasing knowledge about caring for children aged 1-2 years with p value = 0.000. There is an influence of toddler mother classes for children aged 1-2 years on increasing skills regarding caring for children aged 1-2 years with a p value = 0.008.
Conclusion: There is an influence of toddler mother classes on knowledge and skills regarding caring for toddlers aged 1-2 years.
Nutraceutical Management Of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: S. Revathy  , N. Sivagurunathan  , N. Sathiya  , S. Sharmila  , K. Rupa
Published: January 2025

The Alzheimer’s disease is explains as paralysis agitans or shacking palsy, it is one of the neurodegerative disease produce the major symptom is damaging the memory power. Plaques and tangles block the communication between the nerve cells, prevents them from carrying out their signaling process. Mental status and neuropsycological testing may provide many details about mental function. In human brain contains over 100 billion nerve cells and other cells. The nerve cells work together to fulfill all communication needed to perform functions such as thinking and learning. This process is collapse with brain cell death forms the Alzheimer’s disease. Early onset - family hereditary Alzheimer’s disease (EO - FAD) are strongly linked to gene.  Sudden changes in amyloid precursor protein causes the Alzheimer’s disease. In initial stages, terrible loss of brain function can cause malnutrition, dehydration or infection. The brain shrunk significantly in the final stage. The pathological symptom is the frontal and temporal cortices has enlarged sulcal spaces with atrophy. Complications of Alzheimer’s disease cause the bladder and bowel problems. This condition results from restricted movement and limited communication to other people. The symptoms of depression may include sleeping problem and changes in mood. These symptoms are minimized with the nutraceutical products. The nutraceutical are formulation with the herbal plants which helps in prevention and treatment of some diseases. The drugs includes the almonds, walnuts, pomegranate seeds and dates, etc… These are helps for reducing certain diseases.
Legal Medicine and its holistic evolution in medical practice: An update
Authors: Sunil Kumar Dahiya  , Rahul Kaushik  , Jitender Kumar Jakhar  , S.K. Dhattarwal  , Archana
Published: January 2025

The medical profession is one of the honourable professions in the world. The practice of medicine can render noble facility to humankind provided due care, honesty, efficiency, and professional skill is observed by the medical professional. Acquaintance of medicolegal issues, laws related to the medical practice and medical ethics, which were not taken seriously earlier by the health professionals, has made them more susceptible to litigations. Apart from clinical cases, every medical professional will encounter certain 'Medico-legal' problems at one time or the other during his or her practice. The general myth is that only government hospital doctors would be involved with such type of medicolegal cases has now been dissipated by the recent judgements of the Hon'ble courts, predominantly by the Supreme Court of India. Purpose of this article deliberates some of the common practical medicolegal issues involved in these cases.
To Evaluate The Efficacy Of Homeopathic Medicines In Post Covid Syndrome With Emphasis On Dyspnea, Fatigue And Hairfall
Authors: Bhanuja singh Jodha  , Charanjeet Singh  , Rekha Juneja
Published: January 2025

Post-COVID syndrome is increasingly recognized as a new clinical entity in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Symptoms persisting for more than three weeks after the diagnosis of COVID-19 characterize the post-COVID syndrome. Prolonged inflammation has a key role in its pathogenesis and may account for several symptoms. Long COVID is a term used to describe presence of various symptoms, even weeks or months after acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection irrespective of the viral status. There can be the persistence of one or more symptoms of acute COVID, or appearance of new symptoms. Most people with post-COVID syndrome are PCR negative, indicating microbiological recovery.
To determine the efficacy of homoeopathic medicines in post covid syndrome with emphasis on Dyspnea, fatigue & hair fall.
Data analysis includes statistical methods to assess the significance of changes in symptom severity over the treatment period. Additionally, subgroup analyses may be conducted to explore variations in treatment response based on demographic factors and comorbidities.
Out of 100 cases 77 patients of 77 % were improved and 23 patients of 23 % were not improved. The paired t-test resulted in a statistical value of (15.94), indicating a p-value of less than (<0.05). This indicates that the study was statistically significant; supporting the hypothesis that homoeopathy can improve post-Covid symptoms (Fatigue, Dyspnea and Hair fall).
The findings of this study could contribute valuable insights into the potential role of homoeopathic medicines in managing post-COVID syndrome, providing a complementary and holistic approach to alleviate dyspnea, fatigue, and hair fall. This research may inform future clinical practices and contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of integrative approaches to post-viral sequelae
A Recent Review On Tuberculosis Disease And Its Treatment
Authors: V. Gunaseelan  , N. Sivagurunathan  , C. Chandrika  , S. Nandhini  , S. Sivasangari  , R. Deepa  , R. Vasanthi  , K. Yogam
Published: January 2025

Tuberculosis is one of the major public health problems faced globally. Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antitubercular agents has called for an urgent need to investigate newer drugs to combat tuberculosis. Tuberculosis continues to be a huge beril disease against the human population according to WHO, tuberculosis is a major killer of human population after HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis is highly prevalent among the low socioeconomic section of the population and marginalized section of the community. In India, national strategic plan (2017–2025) has a national goal of elimination of tuberculosis by 2025.It requires increased awareness and understanding of tuberculosis. In this review article history, taxonomy, epidemiology, histology, immunology, pathogenesis and clinical features of both pulmonary tuberculosis
(PTB) and extra - pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) and has been discussed. A great length of detail information regarding diagnostic modalities has been explained along with diagnostic algorithm for PTB and EPTB. Treatment regimen for sensitive, drug resistance and extensive drug resistance tuberculosis has been summarized along with newer drugs. Garlic is an edible plant which has generated a lot of curiosity throughout human history as a medicinal plant. Garlic contain sulphur compound like allicin, ajoene, allylmethyltrisulphide, diallyltrisulfide, diallyltrisulphide and other which exhibit various biological properties like antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti- inflammatary, hypoglycimic and cardiovascular effects. According to various traditional system of medicine, Garlic is one of established remedies for tuberculosis. The objective of current study was to investigate in vitro antimycobacterial activity as well as antibacterial activity of various extract rich in specific phytoconstituentfrom Garlic.
A Prospective Observational Study On The Quadruple Therapy Of Post Cabg And Ptca Patients In A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Gayathri Dasyam  , Sravani Ganji  , Vara Sridevi Sai Santoshi Bhogadi  , Phanindra Dandanayak  , D. Venkata Ramana
Published: January 2025

This study presents a prospective observational study on the efficacy of quadruple therapy in post-percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients at a tertiary care hospital. The study involved 250 patients and focused on evaluating the impact of comprehensive treatment involving dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), statins, beta-blockers, and ACE inhibitors/ARBs on the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. The findings suggest that quadruple therapy is highly effective in reducing adverse cardiovascular outcomes and promoting recovery in post-revascularization patients. The study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive post-operative care, integrating medication management with lifestyle and dietary modifications to improve long-term health outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Enhanced Malaria Survival: The Synergistic Effect of Aqueous Extracted A. muricata Leaves with ACT
Authors: Restu Anjani  , Kis Djamiatun
Published: January 2025

Background: Combination therapy is essential for safeguarding both current and future antimalarial medications. Some argue that managing cerebral malaria necessitates adjunctive therapy. The efficacy of Annona muricata as an adjunct to Artemisinin-based-combination-therapy (ACT) remains uncertain, with evaluation based on host-survival in malaria.
Objective: To demonstrate the impact of aqueous extracted A. muricata leaf (AEAML) on the host-survival and parasite load in ACT-treated-malaria.
Method: A post-test-only-control-group-design-study was conducted and used 48-Swiss-mice which divided into four-groups. The K-group received water, whereas the P1-group was administered with AEAML. The P2-group received ACT, while the P3-group received an AEAML-ACT-combination. All mice were infected with 107 Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA). Parasitemia and survival were monitored. Results: The lowest-parasitemia-percentages of the P3 and P2-groups was no significant-different at day-5,7,9,17-PbA-infection (p>0.05). Conversely, both P1 and K-groups displayed the highest-parasitemia-percentages at these time-points, with no notable differences between them (p>0.05). From day-13-infection onward, the number of surviving-mice in P1-group significantly differed from that in K-group, marked by a notable decrease in K compared to P1-group. The survival-rate in P1-group sharply-declined in comparison to P2-group. By the end of the study, 11 mice in P2 and 10 in P3 survived. Notably, the mean-survival-time was higher in groups-P2 and P3, contrasting with the lower in groups-K and P1. Significantly differing outcomes among the four test groups were confirmed by the log-rank test (Mantel-Cox), with a p-value of 0.0001.
Conclusion: Annona muricata demonstrates a more significant impact on both the survival-rate and parasite-load of ACT-treated-malaria compared to those not receiving ACT.
Islamic Values In Elderly Care: The Perspective Of Muslims In Southern Philippines On Nursing Homes
Authors: Noronisa D. Cabugatan  , Hamsida H. Abduraja  , Athena Jalaliyah Derico-Lawi  , Laarni A. Caorong  , Ashley A. Bangcola
Published: January 2025

Background: With the increasing elderly population in the Philippines, the lack of nursing homes and long-term care centers remains one of the neglected problems. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of Filipino Muslims regarding sending their elderly parents to nursing homes in Marawi City, Philippines.
Methods: An exploratory-qualitative design was employed, involving eight Muslim Meranao  participants selected via purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.
Results: Three main themes and thirteen subthemes emerged. Firstly, participants were aware of nursing home benefits but hesitated due to stigma and Islamic principles against abandonment. Secondly, culturally compliant nursing homes were suggested, emphasizing adherence to Islamic customs and values. Lastly, factors influencing willingness to use nursing homes included Islamic obligations, availability of family caregivers, and elder loneliness.
Conclusion: While Islamic beliefs prioritize home care for elders, some Filipino Muslims see the need for culturally compliant nursing homes, particularly for elders with special needs. This highlights the ongoing stigma surrounding nursing home placement and the importance of culturally sensitive elder care initiatives in Filipino Muslim communities.
Synthesis, Characterization And Anti Microbial Activity Of Silver Nanoparticles By Using Plant Sources.
Authors: Bheema Naik Angothu  , Ayesha Munazza  , Kammampati Nandini  , Salivoju Akhila  , Sk. Irfan Khan  , Ch.V. Suresh  , K N Venkateswara Rao
Published: January 2025

Silver has been recognized as a nontoxic, safe inorganic antibacterial/ antifungal agent used for centuries. Silver demonstrates a very high potential in a wide range of biological applications, more particularly in the form of nanoparticles. Environmentally friendly synthesis methods are becoming more and more popular in chemistry and chemical technologies and the need for ecological methods of synthesis is increasing; the aim is to reduce polluting reaction by-products. Another important advantage of green synthesis methods lies in its cost- effectiveness and in the abundance of raw materials. During the last five years, many efforts were put into developing new greener and cheaper methods for the synthesis of nanoparticles. The cost decrease and less harmful synthesis methods have been the motivation in comparison to other synthesis techniques where harmful reductive organic species produce hazardous by- products. This environment-friendly aspect has now become a major social issue and is instrumental in combatting environmental pollution through reduction or elimination of hazardous materials. This review describes a brief overview of the research on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using natural sources