bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic analysis and preferential solvation of gatifloxacin in DMF + methanol cosolvent mixtures
Authors: Rojas-Motta Mónica , Rojas-Motta Jhon Edinson , Diaz-Jimenez Jorge Luis , Bahos-Narváez Fabio Andrés , Blanco-Márquez Joaquín H. , Ortiz Claudia Patricia , Delgado Daniel Ricardo
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the thermodynamic analysis of solubility of gatifloxacin in the N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) + methanol (MeOH) cosolvent system at 10 temperatures. From the solubility data, the thermodynamic functions of solution, mixing, and transfers are calculated and analyzed using the Perlovich graphical method. On the other hand, an enthalpy-entropy compensation analysis is performed and the preferential solvation parameters are calculated using the inverse Kirkwood-Buff integral (IKBI) method. The result of the performed calculations indicates that the gatifloxacin solution process is endothermic with entropic favor, where the addition of DMF has a positive cosolvent effect in all cases. Regarding preferential solvation, the results are not entirely conclusive, since in all cases the values of the preferential solvation parameter are less than 0.01, so that, negligible preferential solvation takes place.
Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and potential toxicity of Azadirachta indica A. Juss (neem) leaves
Authors: Sayuri Nagano Maisa , Batalini Claudemir
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Azadirachta indica A. Juss, popularly known as neem, has been gaining ground in alternative herbal medicine. This plant offers a constant source of new and unique phytochemicals that are used in the development of new drugs. Aim: A preliminary chemical analysis was carried out to detect secondary metabolites present in the crude hydroethanolic extract of dried and macerated leaves of A. indica and to evaluate its antioxidant and toxic potential. Methodology: The chemical analysis, which was performed according to a procedure described in the literature, identified data positive for phenols, tannins, leucoanthocyanidins, catechins, flavones, flavonoids and xanthones, and the absence of anthocyanins, anthocyanidins, chalcones, aurones, flavonols and flavanones. Results: The quantitative test by the DPPH method, performed in an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, revealed moderate at the highest concentration of 250.0 μg.mL-1. An investigation of the toxicity potential of the crude extract against larvae of Artemia salina Leach, indicated LC50 = 596.7 μg.mL-1, placing it within the range of moderate toxicity when compared to data in the literature. Conclusion: These studies therefore indicate that crude hydroethanolic extract of A. indica leaves contains substances with medicinal properties and that it is safe for therapeutic purposes.
Polimedicación, prescripción inapropiada y eventos adversos a fármacos en ancianos hospitalizados: un problema de seguridad del paciente
Authors: Fajreldines Ana Virginia , Barberis Estefania , Beldarraín Belén , Valerio Mariana , Rodríguez Viviana , Pellizzari Marcelo
Published: May 2023

Introducción: la esperanza de vida ha ido en aumento y la posibilidad de padecer una o más patologías crónicas, por ejemplo, diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial, etc. es alta. La respuesta a los medicamentos en los adultos mayores es marcadamente diferente que en los adultos no ancianos pues se trata de un organismo donde las consecuencias directas del envejecimiento son de relevancia (reducción de la capacidad metabólica del hígado, reducción de la capacidad de filtrado del riñón, hipoclorhidria, entre otros). Objetivo: analizar la polifarmacia, la prescripción inapropiada y los eventos adversos en adultos mayores hospitalizados. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Resultados: se estudiaron 318 pacientes. La frecuencia de pacientes polimedicados fue 89 % (283). La prescripción inapropiada, 18,9 %. Los fármacos mayormente presentes en los esquemas de pacientes polimedicados fueron benzodiacepinas, AINEs, anticoagulantes y antihipertensivos. Los pacientes con eventos adversos han sido 179 (56,3 %), de ese porcentaje un 30,2 % (54) ha recibido tratamiento con otro medicamento para resolver el evento producido por un medicamento, eso es la llamada cascada de prescripción o de medicamentos. Conclusiones: la polimedicación es alta y causa eventos adversos, es necesario insistir en el trabajo integral para reducir este problema sanitario.
Study of the use of IVIG Normal Human Immunoglobulin in the La Samaritana University Hospital during the period of 2017-2019
Authors: Quiroga Robayo Lizeth Daniela , Montaño Avila Mónica Patricia , López Gutiérrez José Julián
Published: May 2023

Introducción: La inmunoglobulina humana intravenosa inespecífica (IGIV) es un valioso recurso terapéutico en patologías específicas, sin embargo, existen condiciones patológicas para las que aún no existe una estrategia terapéutica definida y por similitud o plausibilidad biológica algunos prescriptores terminan usándola.

Objetivo: Identificar las indicaciones para las cuales se ha prescrito inmunoglobulina humana inespecífica intravenosa (IGIV) en el HUS.

Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal con recolección retrospectiva de la información entre enero 1 de 2017 hasta diciembre 31 de 2019. Materiales y métodos: Se revisaron 180 historias clínicas, de pacientes a quienes se les prescribió al menos una dosis de inmunoglobulina, se realizó una caracterización demográfica, clínica y farmacológica de la población estudio. Además, se comparó las indicaciones descritas en la historia clínica con las indicaciones aprobadas por el INVIMA.

Resultados: Se identificó a mujeres adultas jóvenes como población a quienes se le prescribió IGIV con mayor frecuencia. Asimismo, las indicaciones para la que se prescribe IGIV con mayor frecuencia fueron la purpura trombocitopenia idiopática (PTI), síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB), lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) e ictericia neonatal debida a otras hemolisis existentes. Las indicaciones aprobadas por la agencia regulatoria colombiana (INVIMA) son inespecíficas por lo que el uso de la IGIV es prescrito ya sea por similitud o plausibilidad biológica, lo cual puede explicar el uso no prescrito que en este estudio alcanzó la cifra del 71%.

Conclusión: Las indicaciones de mayor prescripción con IGIV fue purpura trombocitopenia idiopática (PTI) y síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB). El uso no prescrito de IGIV en este estudio alcanzó la cifra del 71%.
Official labeled and unlabeled Brazilian honey. Comparison between physicochemical, microbiological, and microscopic parameters
Authors: S. Silva Gabriel , Bernardoni Vinícius , Santana Rânia M. , Calaça Paula S.S.T. , Assis Débora S. , Lima William G. , Gardoni Lívia C.P. , Brito Júlio C.M.
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Honey is a natural substance produced by bees mainly from flower nectar with high nutritional value. However, many commercialized samples are adulterated or falsified. Method: We bought twelve honeys in markets in the city of Betim (Brazil) and analyzed their acidity, pH, electrical conductivity, insoluble matter, ashes, moisture content, presence of mesophile bacteria, molds, yeasts, total coliforms, Salmonella spp. and the presence of pollen grains. Results: Considering all honey samples, the average pH was 3.8 ± 0.5 and the average free acidity was 29.8 ± 6.6 mEq/kg. Considering acidity, we found the average of lactonic acidity 6.4 ± 2.4 mEq/kg and a total average acidity of 36.2 ± 6.9 mEq/kg. The average moisture content was 19.4 ± 1.0 %, the average electrical conductivity was 391.6 ± 168.6 µS/cm, the average amount of ashes was 0.5±0.8 % and the average insoluble matter was 0.08±0.02 %. Only the moisture was significantly different between the two groups and neither honey samples had pollen grains. Conclusions: The quality parameters of the labeled and unlabeled samples were not different, although two samples of unlabeled honey were fraudulent, mainly due to the absence of pollen grains. Identifying the presence or absence of pollen in the samples is a safe, economical, and reliable first step for verifying the authenticity of the honey.
Integrated management of yellow rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in wheat
Authors: Lavilla M. , Peper A.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Yellow rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is currently the main disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in the north of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It has caused yield losses close to 20 %. Objective. To evaluate the effect of different agronomic management systems on wheat yield and incidence of yellow rust. Materials and methods. The trial was carried out in the town of Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina, during the years 2019, 2020, and 2021. The experimental design was in subdivided plots, the largest plot was with and without cover crop, the subplot was agronomic management, and the sub-subplot the application was foliar fungicide at different phenological stages of the wheat crop. Results. With the use of foliar fungicides in stages close to stem elongation and the use of a cultivar resistant to the disease produced a reduction in the area under the disease progress curve (AUCPE) by 62.50 %, which translated into significant grain yield increases of 29.52 %. Foliar fungicide application resulted in a 16.94 % increase in wheat yield. The implementation of a sustainable integrated management system generated yield increases of 29.52 %. Conclusions. The use of a resistant cultivar and the application of a foliar fungicide at early stages and with low levels of the disease, significantly reduced the AUCPE of yellow rust and increased the wheat yield in experimental plots.
Formação docente para competência digital no ensino remoto: um estudo bibliográfico
Authors: Ribeiro Neto João , Lima Vasconcelos Francisco Herbert , Prado Pinto Antônia Cláudia
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho é um estudo de natureza bibliográfica que versa sobre a formação docente e competência digital no contexto do ensino remoto. O presente trabalho visa desenvolver uma pesquisa sobre formação docente para competência digital para o ensino remoto, examinando os documentos selecionados a partir de um estudo bibliográfico, desse modo, uma análise sobre as competências digitais no ensino remoto, em artigos nacionais. Nos procedimentos metodológicos, foi realizado uma pesquisa de literatura no período de 2013 a 2021 no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES e no Google Acadêmico. Após o levantamento dos dados foi possível identificar 116 artigos para análise dos títulos, resumo e das palavras-chave, e apenas 10 artigos foram selecionados para análise. Os estudos apresentaram como resultado, uma leve melhoria da prática docente no uso das tecnologias digitais, todavia, os professores precisam avançar no quesito criação e construção de suas próprias tecnologias.
Historical sources in exam tests: An analysis of school leaving exam tasks in terms of the use of primary sources
Authors: Kojanitz László
Published: May 2023

In 2005 the Hungarian school-leaving examination system underwent a significant transformation. In case of history the aim was to give a greater role to the development of students' knowledge acquisition and source analysis skills by more focusing on students' work with historical sources in classes. However, it was clear that the achievement of these goals would also depend on the new exam tasks. Those determine whether the reform will be able to get real change. So I carefully examined those tasks of the past fifteen years exams that contained primary sources. I wanted to give an accurate picture of which types of tasks were most frequent and how they could be assessed in terms of the original objectives of the reform and the competency requirements of the school leaving examination. Based on the conclusions drawn from the results of the investigation, I formulate proposals for changing the composition of the exam tasks and preparing for writing the tasks.
Assessment of biventricular myocardial systolic function in COVID-19 patients: A Tissue Doppler Imaging echocardiography study
Authors: Yurdakul Selen , Akdeniz Cansu Selcan , Özden Özge , Mendi Onur , Dalar Levent , Şamilgil Özgür , Tokdil Kardelen Ohtaroglu , Çiftçi Çavlan
Published: May 2023

Background

The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been reported as pandemy and the number of patients continues to rise. Based on recent data, cardiac injury is a prominent feature of the disease, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. In the present study we aimed to evaluate myocardial dysfunction using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Methods and Results

We recruited 30 patients (56.7% male, 55.80 ± 14.949 years) who were hospitalized with the diagnosis COVID-19 infection. We analyzed left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) conventional and TDI parameters at the time of hospitalization and during the course of the disease. Patients without any cardiac disease and with preserved LV ejection fraction (EF) were included. TTE examination was performed and all the variables were recorded and analyzed retrospectively.

We observed that both LV and RV conventional echocardiographic parameters were similar when the day of admission to the hospital was compared to the 5th day of the disease. Regarding TDI analysis, we demonstrated significant impairment in LV septal and lateral deformation (P < 0.001). In the correlation analysis no marked correlation was observed between impairment in LV deformation and inflammation biomarkers.

Conclusion

Cardiac involvement is an important feature of the COVID-19 infection but the exact mechanism is still undefined. Echocardiography is an essential technique to describe myocardial injury and provide new concepts for the possible definitions of cardiac dysfunction.
Using Fintech to protect the strict compliance principle in letter-of-credit law
Authors: Bui Le Thuc Linh , Pribula László
Published: May 2023

The focus of this paper is on the uncertainty and controversy associated with the substantial compliance standard as part of the strict compliance principle in the letter of credit law, as well as the possibility of applying new technology to solve such problems. The letter of credit confirms a payment under international sales contracts and contains a promise from the bank to pay the seller if they can present the complying documents as required in the letter of credit. Thanks to the basic principles of a letter of credit, it is stable and trustworthy. Such basic principles as well as the practice of letters of credit are recognized in the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credit of the International Chamber of Commerce.

To retain the commercial utility of the letter of credit, the strict compliance principle should be revitalized and consistently applied. However, this principle is not associated with exact standards, which leads to the scenario that courts apply different standards. Such a situation might reduce the commercial utility of letters of credit. Hence, the financial industry is trying to apply new technologies such as blockchain, smart contracts, and the Internet of Things to support the strict compliance principle, and try to reduce the uncertainty related to the substantial compliance standard.
Business and human rights, free speech, surveillance, and illiberalism: Contextualizing academic freedom as a constitutional right and an emerging freedom under international law
Authors: Pap András L.
Published: May 2023

With special focus on free speech, as well as on classroom surveillance (proliferating in the Covid-pandemic digital learning environment), the paper aims to identify contextual dimensions for academic freedom as a matured legal concept – and one to be assessed via a business and human rights approach, due to its peculiar position between the public and private spheres. The project is triggered by the fact that despite its widespread usage in international documents and domestic constitutions, academic freedom remains underdeveloped in terms of conceptual tools, operationalizing mechanisms, monitoring methods and benchmarking schemes. There are also competing notions on how to best conceptualize it: as an individual right, a set of requirements for autonomous institutional design, a field to be regulated for market service providers or public commodities, a tool for international policy making, or academic ranking – not to mention the challenge of how to incorporate challenges brought by social justice movements. These considerations all require different policy tools and adjacent legal targeting.
IFP for Rings with Involution
Authors: Saad Muhammad , Aburawash Usama A.
Published: May 2023

In this note, we introduce the concept of semi-*-IFP, the involutive version of semi-IFP, which is a generalization of quasi-*-IFP and *-reducedness of *-rings. We study the basic structure and properties of *-rings having semi-*-IFP and give results for IFPs in rings with involution. Several results and counterexamples are stated to connect the involutive versions of IFP. We discuss the conditions for the involutive IFPs to be extended into *-subrings of the ring of upper triangular matrices. In *-rings with quasi-*-IFP, it is shown that Köthe’s conjecture has a strong affirmative solution. We investigate its related properties and the relationship between *-rings with quasi-*-IFP and *-Armendariz properties.
Buerguer´s Disease or Obliterative Thromboangiitis. A case report
Authors: Sánchez Galindo B.
Published: May 2023

Buerguer´s disease also known as obliterative thromboangiitis, is a occluseve vasculitis that affects small and médium sized arteries and veins located mainly in the extremities, causing ischemic lesions at the acral level. This pathology mainly affects young male smokers, In order to make the diagnosis of this pathology, it is necessary to have a high clinical suspicion ofi t, since it is essential to be able to reach it to carry out an adequate anamnesis and physical examination, which allows us to exclude other pathologies that cause painful ischemic lesions at the leve lof the limbs. Regarding the treatment of this misease, it is base don smoking cessation, this being the fundamental measure to prevent the progression of the disease.
The objetive structured clinical examination from the student perspective
Authors: Rubio-Segura C. , Jiménez-Reina L. , Luesma-Bartolomé M.J. , Fernando-Trebollé J. , Cantarero-Carmona I.
Published: May 2023

Objective: To analyze the perception of students in the 6th year of Medicine and 4th year of Physiotherapy of the Faculty of Medicine and Nursing of the University of Cordoba about the information received and different aspects related to the development of the OSCE test.
Methodology: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire applied, after the OSCE test, to students in their last year of Medicine and Physiotherapy degrees at the University of Cordoba.
Results: 95 Medicine degree students and 31 Physiotherapy degree students participated. Medicine students highlight the assessment of the previous information, the organization of the test and the time they had to complete the different stations. On the other hand, Physiotherapy students are more satisfied with the fact that they have seen or performed the clinical skills demanded in the OSCE to a greater extent. The overall assessment given to the test by Medicine and Physiotherapy students was 7.53/10 and 6.13/10, respectively.
Conclusion: The perception of students in the 6th year of Medicine and 4th year of Physiotherapy of the Faculty of Medicine and Nursing of the University of Cordoba on different aspects of the OSCE test is different. The opinion of the students, although quite redeemable in general, reveals to be a key piece to generate improvement plans in future editions of this, by working with the teaching and care managers so that the students increase their clinical training during the degree.
Gordon Bennett, 'Selected Writings', edited by Angela Goddard and Tim Riley Walsh
Authors: Cooke Stuart
Published: May 2023

Gordon Bennett, Selected Writings, edited by Angela Goddard and Tim Riley Walsh
Brisbane: Power Publications and Griffith University Art Museum, 2020, 216 pp., A$45, ISBN 9 7809 0995 2013
Lung Cancer Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Fatima Fayeza Sifat , Jaiswal Arunima , Sachdeva Nitin
Published: May 2023

Cancer has been the deadliest of diseases since decades constituting a large number of deaths annually. Lung cancer remains one of the most significant public health issues, accounting for a substantial proportion of cancer-related deaths globally. Despite ongoing efforts to curb the instances of lung cancer, India continues to see a high number of new diagnoses each year, estimated to be 70,000. Early detection of lung cancer can be difficult due to its asymptomatic nature in its initial stages. However, advancements in technology have given rise to computer-aided diagnostic systems to help overcome this challenge. These systems employ a variety of techniques, such as machine learning, deep learning, image analysis, and text mining, to accurately determine the presence of lung cancer. In an effort to create a more advanced model for lung cancer diagnosis, this study proposes the integration of machine learning algorithms, ensemble learning techniques, and particle swarm optimization to assess the outcomes. The results of the study suggest that the ensemble learning approach outperforms traditional machine learning techniques in terms of accuracy.
Prävention von und Schutz vor sexueller Belästigung im Klinikalltag
Authors:   Frauen- und Gleichstellungsbeauftragte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Jenner Sabine C. , Oertelt-Prigione Sabine ,   Professor of Sex- and Gender-sensitive Medicine, Bielefeld University
Published: May 2023

Das Phänomen der sexuellen Belästigung stellt nicht nur ein gesellschaftlich drängendes Problem dar, sondern ist auch im beruflichen Umfeld virulent. Nicht erst seit der „#MeToo“-Debatte wissen wir, dass alle Beschäftigten und Branchen jeglichen Geschlechts und Alters unabhängig von der beruflichen Position betroffen sein können. Effektive Prävention im Klinikbereich kann nur im Kontext breit angelegter Interventionen stattfinden, da die begrenzte Reaktion bei Einzelfällen meist langfristig unwirksam ist. Die klare Notwendigkeit eines systemischen Ansatzes zu sexueller Belästigung sollte jegliche Interventions- und Präventionsarbeit prägen.
Die Bedeutung der Augenuntersuchung in der Verkehrsmedizin
Authors:   Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Köln, Stern Claudia , Hedtmann Jörg ,   Berufsgenossenschaft Verkehrswirtschaft Post- Logistik Telekommunikation (BG Verkehr), Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung, Hamburg, Tuschy Peter ,   Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Köln
Published: May 2023

Astronautenmedizin für Fahrerinnen und Fahrer von Lkw und Bussen? Der folgende Beitrag unterzieht diesen gerne geübten Vergleich dem Realitätscheck, verbunden mit wichtigen Hinweisen und Erläuterungen für die Untersuchungen des Sehorgans in der Verkehrsmedizin.
Infektionsrisiko von Frauen für eine COVID-19- Erkrankung während der Pandemie
Authors:   Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Institut für Versorgungsforschung in der Dermatologie und bei Pflegeberufen (IVDP), Kompetenzzentrum für Epidemiologie und Versorgungsforschung bei Pflegeberufen (CVcare), Hamburg, Nienhaus Albert , Dulon Madelaine ,   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), Abteilung Arbeitsmedizin, Gefahrstoffe und Gesundheitswissenschaften (AGG), Hamburg
Published: May 2023

Risk among women of COVID-19 infection during the pandemic Objective: The proportion of women is increased in occupational SARSCoV-2 infections and is as high as 80 %. Therefore, we investigated whether women have a higher risk of infection than men or whether they carry out more risky tasks. Methods: Existing data from two studies on infection dynamics among staff of two different hospitals were combined, irrespective of occupation, and analysed for possible differences between men and women in terms of infection risk. Primary data were available for this secondary data analysis. Odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals and chi-square tests (95 %-CI) were calculated for the correlation analysis. Results: Data from 1785 employees were available for the evaluation. Women accounted for 74.6 % of the study participants. The proportion of women among the infected participants was 81.7 % (138 out of 169). 7.4 % of men and 10.1 % of women were infected. The infection rate in exposed men was slightly lower than in exposed women (9.8 % and 13.0 %, odds ratios 3.2 [95 %-CI 1.2–8.5] and 3.6 [95 %-CI 2.2–6.0]).For unexposed workers, infection rates barely differed between men and women (3.3 % and 4.0 %). There were only small differences between men and women (16.2 % and 11.2 % respectively) in infection rates after private contact. Conclusions: We found no evidence of an increased risk of infection in women compared to men with a similar level of exposure in the hospital. Keywords: healthcare workers – gender – risk of infection – COVID-19
The effect of pollution on the competitive dynamics of Anopheles arabiensis Patton, 1905 and Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Jeanrenraud Alexander CSN , Letinić Blaženka D , Mollett Jean , Brooke Basil D , Oliver Shüné
Published: May 2023

Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 and Anopheles arabiensis Patton, 1905 (Diptera: Culicidae) are often found breeding in the same water sources and engage in interspecific competition. Although Cx. quinquefasciatus is known to proliferate in a range of polluted environments, the ability of An. arabiensis to proliferate in polluted water has only been reported relatively recently. The effects of pollution and insecticide resistance on this competitive interaction are unknown. This study examined the effect of pollution on the dynamics of the interspecific competition. Three laboratory strains were used in this study: an insecticide susceptible and an insecticide resistant An. arabiensis, and an insecticide resistant Cx. quinquefasciatus. Larval pollutant tolerances of each strain were assessed and compared by determining the lethal concentration at 50% mortality (LC50). The larvae from each strain were exposed to either inorganic fertiliser or copper nitrate, following which eclosion success was assessed. The results showed that the insecticide resistant strains had higher emergence rates when reared in polluted conditions without competition, with the Cx. quinquefasciatus strain showing the highest rate of eclosion. This species also had a higher tolerance for metal pollution than the An. arabiensis strains. The effects of pollutants on oviposition choice were examined. Pollution altered adult oviposition choice. The effect of larval metal exposure had variable effects on the activity of metabolic detoxification enzymes. An insecticide resistant phenotype had greater tolerance to pollutants and possibly developmental advantages based on a variable detoxification response to the pollutant. Pollution can therefore alter interspecific competition dynamics between the malaria vector An. arabiensis and Cx. quinquefasciatus.
The "ambassadorial affairs" of the Tomsk Cossack Yemelyan Vershinin in the 1630s–1640s
Authors:   Institute of History, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kamenetskiy Ivan. P.
Published: May 2023

The aim of this study is to clarify the origin and ambassadorial activities of the little-known Tomsk equestrian Cossack Emelyan Vershinin, who made long trips to the rulers of the eastern states and Siberian nomadic formations. The study is based on published materials on the history of Russian-Mongolian and Russian-Chinese relations and on archival sources (tribute books) from the Siberian Prikaz of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. In the early days of Siberian exploration it was important to establish ambassadorial and trade relations with neighbouring eastern countries. One of the active participants of Russian missions to “unpeaceful lands” and eastern countries was the Tomsk Cossack Yemelyan Vershinin, who came from a hereditary military environment. The purpose of his journeys was to bring the warlike nomads into Russian citizenship and to settle disputes with the rulers of independent states. Vershinin made his first trip to the Mongol ruler Altyn Khan in 1634 as part of the diplomatic mission of the boyar’s son S. Grechaninov. In the autumn of 1638 he was sent to the “Kyrgyz land” to the Yenisei princes Ishey and Koyan to persuade the nomadic owners to “obey” and take sherti (oath of allegiance to the Russian sovereign). In 1640 Vershinin headed a diplomatic mission to the first Kalmyk khan Daichin (Taichi-Taishi), son of the famous Oirat taisha Urlyuk, who roamed the upper reaches of the Irtysh and the Yaik. Demonstrating his independence from the Russian tsar, Daichin kept the Tomsk envoys in his dominion for three years. Having found themselves in “captivity”, the Russian ambassadors were forced to travel with Daichin’s caravan to Trukhmenkala (a city in Turkmenistan), then visited the Bukhara cities of Samarqand and Tashkent, and the Chinese border town Xining. While in Xinin, Vershinin met with Chinese officials and received a letter to the Russian authorities, which due to the lack of interpreters in the Siberian Prikaz was not read. Upon his return to Tomsk, Vershinin presented a report on the results of his stay in the Oirats’ land, Central Asia and China. Vershinin’s further service was marked by a trip to the Teleut prince K. Abakov with a statement of peace initiatives coming from the Russian authorities. The study concludes that the establishment of political and commercial relations with “foreign” rulers at an early stage of Siberian development allowed the Russian authorities to avoid major military conflicts, typical of Western states in the era of colonial conquests, and to form policies contributing to strengthening Russia’s influence on its eastern borders and transforming it into a powerful Eurasian state.
The history of the development of the Chinese city Harbin in the system of inter-municipal cooperation with Russia (from 1993 to the present)
Authors:   Institute for Demographic Research – Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Makeeva Svetlana B.
Published: May 2023

The aim of this article is to consider the specifics of the regional development of the northeastern city Harbin in the system of partnership, sister city inter-municipal cooperation with Russian cities Khabarovsk, Yakutsk, Krasnodar and Murmansk. Special attention is also paid to the prospects and opportunities in maintaining intermunicipal cooperation between Harbin and the Russian cities. Chinese researchers (Zhang Xiujie, Ma Xiaohe, Yu Yabin, Du Lizhu, Yang Qingshan, Zhao Yichun, Yu Bingyan, Li Tuliang) consider the peculiarities of the economic, geographical, historical transformations of Harbin, a northeastern city in China. Until now, there has been no comprehensive analysis of the modern interaction between Harbin and the Russian cities Khabarovsk, Yakutsk, Krasnodar and Murmansk in Russian and Chinese research. Plans for regional transformations in the province of Heilongjiang at the beginning of the 21st century. aim to revive the old industrial bases in Northeast China. The key role in this process belongs to Harbin, a historical and cultural city, the northeastern center of the economy, politics, trade, culture, science and technology; a future big data storage and processing center in North China; the city of an innovative model of ecological construction of the digital economy of the northeast of China. The history of Harbin’s regional development shows this city is a space of historical integration of cultures of different countries, it is a famous historical city with a great cultural heritage and distinctive features of multiculturalism. In regional transformations, Harbin pays special attention to the inter-municipal interaction with foreign cities. After the normalization of Soviet- Chinese relations in 1985, practically the entire Northeast of the PRC played a leading role in restoring ties with Russian cities and regions. The modern development of Harbin in cooperation with the cities of the world is built on the basis of the implementation of the global project of the New Silk Road – the One Belt, One Road (OBOR) initiative. The Chinese side is interested in moving the dialogue with Russian sister cities from humanitarian cooperation to multi-vector partnerships. Harbin attaches great importance to inter-municipal cooperation with foreign cities under the Chinese concept of “foreign affairs for the people”. The Russian cities Khabarovsk, Yakutsk, Murmansk, Krasnodar became Harbin’s sister cities; their cooperation since the early 1990s has developed in various directions. The experience of inter-municipal twinning, partnership cooperation accumulated over the past decades between Harbin and Khabarovsk, Yakutsk, Murmansk, and Krasnodar can serve as a basis for further interaction between the Chinese city Harbin and other Russian cities.
A set of special exercises for the formation of professionally significant physical qualities of mine rescuers
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Dubrovskaya Yulia A. , Rudenko Gennady V. ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Pikhkonen Leonid V. ,   PetroRemStroy, LLC
Published: May 2023

The aim of the study is to describe the methodology for applying an adapted set of training exercises for the formation of professionally significant physical qualities of mine rescuers, using standard equipment of sports halls of universities as part of practical classes in physical culture and sports. Based on the analysis of the current standards for the physical training of mine rescuers and the six-year experience of practical training of students in the Mining specialty, the Technological Safety and Mine Rescue focus (profile) from 2013 to 2018, on simulators in paramilitary mine rescue teams, we selected elements of special physical exercises, which, without any difficulties, can be included in the general set of exercises in the disciplines (modules) of physical culture and sports in all courses of study in the above or related specialties. Based on the results of the experiment, we made the following conclusions. The work of mine rescuers is unique in its physical requirements. They must have a high level of fitness in order to perform professional tasks with high quality and intensity over a relatively long period compared to other emergency services. The physical readiness of mine rescuers should include the following professionally significant and specific physical and psychophysical qualities: speed of reaction; coordination and reflex dexterity; flexibility; power static endurance; dynamic indicators of the body; accuracy of movements; muscle strength; motor reaction; overcoming fear of heights, fear of closed space; psychophysical stability and survival in extreme conditions. These qualities must be formed and developed in the process of regular training and special exercises, starting from the first year, as part of the educational process in the disciplines of physical culture and sports, and elective disciplines in physical culture and sports. The effectiveness of the set of special exercises in physical culture and sports for the formation and development of professionally significant skills of mining engineers-rescuers was experimentally proven. Specialized physical training in the sports hall of the university will lay the foundation for the formation of professionally significant qualities of a mine rescuer, form an understanding of the importance of their development, and help to determine the functional reserves of the body for the effective implementation of tasks in extreme situations.
The Russian language in modern Armenia: Elements of comparative learning
Authors:   Moscow City University, Savchenko Irina A. ,   Linguistics University of Nizhny Novgorod,   Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Aloyan Zhanna L. ,   Vanadzor State University, Barseghyan Svetlana S. ,   Vanadzor State University
Published: May 2023

The present article touches upon some observations on the Russian language teaching in the Armenian classroom focusing on the issue how the linguo-cultural dynamic processes in the post-Soviet states, and in Armenia, in particular, were reflected on the local population’s Russian language proficiency and on the conditions of teaching and mastering Russian. We have observed common problems faced by Armenian students in the Russian classroom and highlighted some methodological solutions for the comparative method usage to avoid possible mistakes. We have revealed some characteristics of the Russian language system, which are considered difficult for Armenian students. In our research we mainly focus on some comparative teaching techniques used in the Russian classroom. We also determine the methodological means and techniques of using features of two languages (Armenian and Russian) in the educational process, which promote learners’ cognitive development to succeed in learning a foreign language. In the article, we aim to highlight the most difficult features of the Russian language system for Armenian students using a comparative method and on this basis to suggest some comparative techniques to prevent and avoid typical mistakes made by Armenian students in the process of learning. For this purpose, we study the relevant theoretical works necessary for the analysis of the given research material; determine the linguistic factors of the native (Armenian) language which affect the common linguistic characteristics of Armenian students by revealing the similarities and differences between two language systems; consider the main characteristics of the Russian language teaching process in the classroom; identify and analyze the objective and subjective reasons of language difficulties Armenians experience when mastering Russian with the help of a comparison of the two languages; identify the strategies for overcoming language barriers through comparative teaching and learning. The methodological basis of this article is a comparative-typological analysis of the material and its linguistic and methodological application. We also employ the classical methods of cognition of social phenomena ( generalization, analogy, induction, deduction) and applied research methods (observation, description, comparison, sampling). Within the framework of this article we have summarized advanced experiences in the sphere and analyzed the results of our study of Armenian students’ speaking through diagnostic tests. The language material is investigated by means of the system analysis method: by separating language levels and separating units within the given levels.
A narrative approach in legal research: purpose and methodology
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Goncharova Valeria A. , Ivanov Viacheslav V. ,   National Research Tomsk State University; Samara National Research University, Trubnikova Tatiana V. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Churilov Aleksei Yu. ,   National Research Tomsk State University
Published: May 2023

A study of practice shows that law enforcers in Russia do not always follow the so-called “spirit of the law”, often giving priority just to its formal interpretations. In order to understand why this happens, it is necessary to examine the narrative stories behind such enforcement practices. Narratives can not only explain the existing law enforcement, but also create a new law enforcement practice and legal reasoning. Thus, narrative research is a useful tool for studying both lawmaking process and law enforcement practices. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of narratives on lawmaking process and law enforcement practices, as well as the development of the basics of the methodology for using narratives in legal research. The study used hermeneutic methods, as well as analysis of the results of empirical studies of law enforcement practices, comparative legal research, which together made it possible to propose goals, objectives, sources for obtaining narrative stories and data processing methods for conducting law enforcement research carried out using a narrative approach and narrative methods. The study resulted in the following. (1) Two functions of narrative methods and approaches in legal research have been identified: (i) cognitive (heuristic), which can be used to identify narratives that determine law enforcement, to explore them in order to understand how they are formed and how they can influence the legal reality, law enforcement practices, legal reasoning and lawmaking; (ii) prognostic-and-transformative, which makes it possible to identify the necessity for reforming legal regulations and to offer structural, organizational, legal means designed to eliminate the identified problems of law enforcement. (2) A classification of narratives has been invented. It includes four groups of narratives depending on the coverage: personal, professional, regional, national, international. (3) The possibility of using the following linguistic and special-legal methods has been proved: (a) a structural and linguistic study of narrative stories. The study of plot repetitions, of the word’s usage, etc.; (b) a study of words (and their omissions) in official documents; (c) a focused research of narrative stories in regions where practices that are not in accordance with the law are repeated; (d) identification of the relationship between the collected number of narrative stories and the results of statistical processing of the studied empirical materials; (e) analysis of the correlation of narrative stories and legislation, data on the organization of judicial activities.
Bleach extraction protocol: damaged or degraded DNA recovery from bone or tooth powder. v1
Authors: Mattiangeli Valeria
Published: May 2023

This protocol describes the steps to extraction degraded DNA molecules from ancient or historic bone and teeth powder, first washing the powder with dilute bleach (0.5% sodium hypochlorite) to improve the retrieval of endogenous DNA molecules. It is an implementation of the bleach washes reported in (Boessenkool et al, 2017) and (Dabney et al, 2019), combined with elements of the extraction protocols described by (Yang et al, 1998), (MacHugh et al, 2000), and (Gamba et al, 2014). We combine the low g centrifugation steps described in (Rohland et al, 2018), and the use of a low pH modified PB buffer used in (Allentoft et al, 2015). Within our group, we typically construct double stranded (dsDNA) libraries from the DNA extract, as per (Meyer and Kircher, 2010).
Organelle isolation from mouse tissues expressing organelle tags v1
Authors: Fasimoye Rotimi
Published: May 2023

We describe here a method to perform the rapid isolation of intact lysosomes from mouse tissues expressing a lysosome-localized TMEM192-3×HA fusion protein (“LysoTag”) (as in JAX stock #035401, RRID:IMSR_JAX:035401). The fusion protein marks lysosomes with a triple HA epitope, enabling the rapid isolation of intact tagged organelles from tissues using an anti-HA antibody. The organelles purified using this method are highly enriched, intact, largely contaminant-free and can be used for various downstream applications, including immunoblotting analysis and proteomic analysis (as described in dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.ewov1o627lr2/v1), but also lipidomic or metabolomic analysis (as described in dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bybjpskn). This method can be adapted to isolate other tagged organelles from tissues.
Queering Housing Policy: Questioning Urban Planning Assumptions in Namibian Cities
Authors: Delgado Guillermo , Castán Broto Vanesa , Mukesi Takudzwa
Published: May 2023

Heteronormative models of the home have permeated housing policies for decades, only adding to economic and spatial inequalities in a landscape of housing injustices. Half of the urban population in Namibia lives in precarious housing conditions. Cities like Windhoek and Walvis Bay are among the most unequal in the world. Such inequalities translate into significant gaps in housing quality, security, and service provision. These inequalities are acutely felt by LGBTIQ+ populations that already face other forms of exclusion from economic and social life and fundamental human rights. A new National Housing Policy—emphasizing the right to housing—is about to be adopted in Namibia, but would it address the concerns of queer populations? This article asks what it means to engage with Namibia’s new National Housing Policy through the lens of queer decolonial thought. It presents an exploratory study of the questions emerging at the margins of the discussion on the National Housing Policy. The objective was to develop an exploratory research agenda for a queer decolonial perspective on housing in Namibia. In the context of enormous housing shortages, a queer decolonial perspective emphasizes radical inclusion as a principle for housing provision. The exploration of shared queer experiences in accessing housing suggests that the themes of belonging, identity, and safety may support the development of such an agenda. Queer decolonial thought has thus three implications for an agenda of research on housing in Namibia. First, it calls for understanding what community and belonging mean for LGBTIQ+ people. Second, queer decolonial thought poses questions about citizenship, particularly given the shift to a view of the state as creating housing opportunities (through land rights and basic services) and support mechanisms for incremental housing. Queer decolonial thought calls for identifying the multiple ways the state misrecognizes individuals who do not conform to prescribed identities and sexual orientations. Third, queer decolonial thought invites reflection on the constitution of safe spaces in aggressive urban environments and the multiple layers of perceived safety constructed through diverse institutions and public spaces.