bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complementary Dense Datasets Acquired in a Low-to-Moderate Seismicity Area for Characterizing Site Effects: Application in the French Rhône Valley
Authors: Froment Bérénice , Olivar-Castaño Andrés , Ohrnberger Matthias , Gisselbrecht Loic , Hannemann Katrin , Cushing Edward Marc , Boué Pierre , Gélis Céline , Haendel Annabel , Pilz Marco , Hillmann Laura , Barbaux Occitane , Beauprêtre Sophie , Bouzat Gilbert , Chaljub Emmanuel , Cotton Fabrice , Lavoué François , Stehly Laurent , Zhu Chuanbin , Magnin Olivier , Métral Laurent , Mordret Aurélien , Richet Yann , Tourette Alexandre
Published: November 2022

Superficial geological layers can strongly modify the surface ground motion induced by an earthquake. These so-called site effects are highly variable from one site to another and still difficult to quantify for complex geological configurations. That is why site-specific studies can greatly contribute to improve the hazard prediction at a specific site. However, site-specific studies have historically been considered difficult to carry out in low-to-moderate seismicity regions. We present here seismological datasets acquired in the framework of the French–German dense array for seismic site effect estimation project in the heavily industrialized area surrounding the French Tricastin Nuclear Site (TNS). TNS is located above an ancient canyon dug by the Rhône River during the Messinian period. The strong lithological contrast between the sedimentary fill of the canyon and the substratum, as well as its expected confined geometry make this canyon a good candidate for generating site effects that are variable on short spatial scales. To investigate the impact of this geological structure on the seismic motion, we conducted complementary seismic campaigns in the area. The first main campaign consisted of deploying 400 nodes over a 10 × 10 km area for one month and aimed at recording the seismic ambient noise. A second seismic campaign involved the deployment of 49 broadband stations over the same area for more than eight months. This complementary campaign aimed at recording the seismicity (including local, regional, and teleseismic events). These different designs allowed us to target a variety of seismic data at different spatial and temporal scales. Beyond the interest for local operational seismic hazard applications, these datasets may be valuable for studying seismic wave propagation within complex kilometer-scale sedimentary structures. In this article, we present the deployment designs as well as initial analyses to provide information on the characteristics and the overall quality of the data acquired to future users.
Biodiversidad florística de la cuenca baja del río Reque
Authors: Arbulú Chereque Edgardo Pedro Rodolfo , Vasquez García Ántero Celso , Torres Rios Wilson , Reupo Periche José Teodoro , Gamarra Gonzáles Julissa del Rocío
Published: November 2022

Para medir la biodiversidad de flora en la cuenca baja del río Reque se trazaron 8 transectos perpendiculares en distancias de 10 x 250 m a cada lado del cauce del rio Reque desde 20 hasta 30 de octubre de 2020. En ellos se identificaron especies de flora; el número de especímenes por especie y transecto fueron registrados en una hoja de cálculo Excel del Microsoft 2013, guardados con la extensión csv delimitados por comas, Se utilizaron los softwares Species Diversity and Richtnes y PAST para determinar Índices de Biodiversidad Alfa y Beta. Se concluyó que las familias de plantas más abundantes fueron Fabaceae con especies de Prosopis sp (algarrobo); Acacia huarango (huarango), Crotolaria incana; Cajanus cajan (frejol de palo) e Inga Fewelei (guaba) y Saccharum officinarum (caña de azúcar) Distichlis spicata (grama salada), Zea mays (maíz) y Sorghun halepensis (sorgo) de la familia Poaceae. El índice de Shannon-Wiener vario desde 1,956 en el transectos D hasta 3,437 en el transectos H con un valor promedio de 3,271. El índice de equidad de Pielou varió desde 0,4427 en el transecto C hasta 0,7777 en el transecto H. El estadístico Q varió desde 3,474 hasta 22,38. Los índices de Biodiversidad Beta fueron: Índice de Whittaker Bw 1,594; Índice de Cody Bc = 43.5; Índice de Routledge Br= 0,3256 e Índice de Wilson & Schmida = 1,359. Los índices determinados alcanzaron valores que permiten considerar a esta zona como de alta biodiversidad florística.
Desesperanza aprendida en sentenciados a cadena perpetua
Authors: ESPINOZA YONG Nelson Pacífico
Published: November 2022

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar los niveles de desesperanza aprendida en sentenciados a cadena perpetua. Se evaluó mediante la “escala de desesperanza de Beck” tomando en cuenta los factores: afectivo, cognitivo y volitivo. La investigación tuvo un diseño no experimental, descriptivo, trasversal, conformado por una población censal de 64 internos sentenciados a cadena perpetua en Chiclayo. Los resultados proyectaron el nivel de afectación de los internos al mostrar que presentan un nivel severo entre el 35.94 % a 45,31 % de desesperanza aprendida en sus tres factores, a su vez el grupo etáreo que predomina es el de 46 a 60 años, mostrando que parte de los evaluados piensan que no podrán defenderse y pierden la esperanza considerando su sentencia perpetua por parte de un órgano jurídico.
Propiedades psicométricas de la escala de estrés percibido en adultos de 20 a 35 años de la ciudad de Chiclayo
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ SANTA CRUZ Gresia Jackeline , ROJAS SAAVEDRA Janeth Rocío , TABOADA SAMAMÉ María Lucia
Published: November 2022

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo principal Determinar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de estrés percibido en adultos de 20 a 35 años de la ciudad de Chiclayo, 2021. El estudio es de tipo cuantitativo de diseño instrumental, la muestra estuvo conformada por 384 adultos que se seleccionaron mediante un muestreo no
probabilístico por conveniencia. Los resultados que se obtuvieron, para la validez se desarrolló mediante el método de Correlación de Ítem test Corregida, el análisis factorial, valores de extracción y componentes rotados obteniendo valores significativos, lo que se considera aceptable en esta investigación. Posteriormente se realizó el análisis descriptivo de los ítems en el que se demostró apropiados índices de la media, desviación típica, varianza, el coeficiente de asimetría y curtosis de Fisher; lo cual indica que todos los reactivos tienen una distribución normal. Además, se realizó el análisis de fiabilidad mediante con el Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach de 0,806 y el método de dos mitades de Spearman Brown de 0,867. Finalmente se estimó los parámetros de baremación percentilar en las siguientes categorías: Nunca o casi nunca está estresado (2-24), ocasionalmente está estresado (28-47), frecuentemente está estresado (52-72) y muy frecuentemente está estresado (82-100), en el que se garantiza la medición de la variable. Concluyendo así que la PSS-14 reúne adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para evaluar la variable.
Metodología 5S para mejorar el rendimiento del almacén de una empresa azucarera de Perú
Authors: Juárez Eleorraga Ketty Aracelly , Cordova Chirinos José William , Merino Núñez Mirko , Córdova Lizarazo Natalia del Rosario
Published: November 2022

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo, Proponer la metodología 5S para mejorar el rendimiento del almacén de una empresa azucarera de Perú. El problema se exteriorizó mediante la pregunta: ¿Cómo debe ser la propuesta de la metodología 5S para mejorar el rendimiento del almacén de una empresa azucarera de Perú? el estudio es de diseño no experimental, de tipo descriptivo, proyectivo; para la recopilación de información se utilizó un cuestionario aplicado sobre una muestra de 24 trabajadores del almacén. Los resultados de la investigación evidenciaron que, con respecto al diagnóstico sobre las necesidades de mejorar el almacén, se comprobó que el 54% de los colaboradores indican que existen elementos innecesarios en el almacén lo que dificulta el manejo y control de los recursos. Además, con respecto, al nivel de rendimiento el 42% de los encuestados afirmaron estar conformes con los procesos establecidos. En conclusión, el diseño de la propuesta de la metodología 5S permite mejorar el rendimiento en una empresa azucarera de Perú, del cual debe ser fundamentada con la clasificación de las existencias presentes en el almacén.
Criterios aplicables al tratamiento de la prisión preventiva en el contexto de la COVID-19
Authors: Aponte Rios Ashlie Melanie
Published: November 2022

La investigación tiene como objetivo establecer criterios para el tratamiento de la aplicación, prolongación y cese de la prisión preventiva en un contexto de Estado de Emergencia por la COVID-19 a fin de fortalecer la interpretación de los jueces penales. Se desarrolló en un diseño cuantitativo experimental, de tipo descriptivo propositivo, la muestra consta de 09 Jueces penales de la Corte Superior de Justicia de Lambayeque, Provincia de Chiclayo, 09 fiscales Titulares Provinciales de las tres Fiscalías Provinciales Penales Corporativas de Chiclayo y 60 Abogados penalistas del Ilustre Colegio de Abogados de Lambayeque; de los resultados, se enfatiza que el 67% de Jueces, el 78% de fiscales y el 77% de Abogados consideran que es importante desarrollar como doctrina legal criterios que complementen las decisiones judiciales respecto a la prisión preventiva contextualizando un Estado de Emergencia. En ese sentido, se concluyó que se debe proponer la emisión de un Acuerdo Plenario Nacional donde se establezcan como doctrina legal criterios de aplicación, prolongación, y cese de la prisión preventiva en un contexto de la COVID-19 que considere estándares internacionales, con el fin de contribuir a mejorar la justicia procesal penal del Estado Peruano.
Fitness recovery and two-generation phenotypic plasticity in the freshwater snail Planorbarius corneus L. exposed to hyperosmotic solutions
Authors: Mažuran Neda , Hršak Vladimir , Kovačević Goran
Published: November 2022

Background and purpose: Hyperosmotic solutions of calcium chloride and calcium bromide, extensively used in the oil industry, can be a source of aquatic pollution.Materials and methods: In the present study, we investigated whether the freshwater snail Planorbarius corneus L., previously chronically exposed to toxic concentrations of these chemicals, can recover fecundity and growth in clean water. We also examined if a higher tolerance could be induced in F1 offspring after parental and developmental chronic exposure to the chemicals.Results: The fitness-recovery study showed a high compensatory potential of the snails to recover fitness through increased reproduction and growth. In the tolerance study, we observed increased tolerance in F1 offspring in hyperosmotic solutions of calcium chloride. However, there was no significant improvement of reproduction performance in bromide-containing solutions.Conclusions: Increased tolerance was associated with a redirection of resources from growth to maintenance and survival.
¿Cytus = Cellula?
Authors: Romero Ingrid , Del Sol Mariano , Muñoz Mariela
Published: November 2022

This letter to the editor is a reflection on the historical and etymological origin of the term cell, which is a fundamental term in the biological sciences and we must have knowledge of the official terms associated with this word so widely used in the writing of scientific articles.
Code Mixing in Egyptian Real Estate Billboards: A Multimodal Analysis
Authors: El-Din Y. Salah
Published: November 2022

This paper investigates the strategies employed in Egyptian real estate billboards to attract potential customers. More specifically, it examines how the mixing of Arabic and English as codes, and the use of visuals and colors, are techniques that aim to enhance the sales market. The theory of Multimodality [1], as well as Linguistic Landscape [2] are used to analyze a number of real estate double billboards that are displayed in two Egyptian main routes, namely Cairo Ring Road and the Egyptian North Coast highway. Results of this research would add to the body of research in the area of multimodality and linguistic landscape. They would also shed light on the strategies used by advertisers which reflect the social identity of the community where the examined billboards are displayed.
Constructing Integrated Meaning under the Perspective of Intersemiotic Complementarity in Multimodal Discourse: A Case Study of Tourism Promotional Film The World of Ding Zhen
Authors: Xie Chaojie
Published: November 2022

With the development of technology, more and more places are using tourism promotional films to show their local characteristics as a new means of promotion, and those promotional films have largely increased local awareness and promoted the development of tourism. As the typical multimodal discourses, the modes in tourism promotional videos deserve study to find out the construction of meaning and the transmission of the theme. Guided by the theories of intersemiotic complementary, the study explores the construction of integrated meaning in multimodal discourse analysis based on a case study of promotional film The World of Ding Zhen, aiming to reveal the collective effect between visual image and verbal text and find out how the city image is formed through intersemiotic complementary.
The Translation of Chinese Culture: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Feng Qi , Zhang Huan , Sun Hui
Published: November 2022

This paper aims to review the history and status quo of the Translation of Chinese Culture (TCC)c, and predict the directions of future development. The paper reviews the history of the translation on Chinese culture by reviewing the Chinese and western translators’ C-E translation which is mainly on classical books. It also overviews the status quo of CCT by analyzing its development, achievements, and national policies since the reform and opening up policy (ROP). The paper explores five potential directions for TCC: classical books, world-class and regional intangible cultural heritage, communist party culture and education. The fact-based exploration of TCC (Translation of Chinese Culture) is helpful for depicting the real outlook of CCT, and guiding the development of the translation program in China.
Emoticon and Its Impact on Social Culture in the Context of New Media
Authors: Bai Jie
Published: November 2022

The development of information technology promotes the continuous upgrading of media. The emergence of new media has brought about changes in language symbols. The rise and popularity of network emoticons are the result of media technology, audience demand and cultural logic. The essence of Internet emoticons is an auxiliary means of Internet communication with the function of emoticons, which is mainly used to express the emotions and attitudes of both parties. Especially in the communication of youth groups, it carries not only a simple symbolic meaning, but also a new emotional expression and a unique subculture. But the network excessive entertainment, also easy to bring some effects. By examining the influencing factors of new media language, this paper discusses the use and influence of emoticons in the context of new media, in order to attract attention and reflect on youth group culture.
Research on College English Translation Teaching Model from the Perspective of Context Theory
Authors: Zhou Hong
Published: November 2022

With the continuous development of modern society, the trend of global economic and cultural integration is becoming more and more obvious. In order to cultivate talents who can adapt to the development of globalization, the National Education Department has strengthened its attention to English teaching reform. English translation itself is an important part and core content of English learning. Relevant research on strengthening translation and other core abilities is also in full swing. When teaching English translation, we can appropriately use the theories related to context teaching as an auxiliary, inject new vitality and vitality into College English translation teaching, and let college English translation teaching embark on the road of specialization. This paper focuses on the College English translation teaching model from the perspective of context theory, hoping to provide some references and suggestions for relevant educators.
An Interdisciplinary Study of Different Pragmatic “We” in Academic Discourse: A Case Study of Linguistics and Economics
Authors: Zhou Yaru , Zhang Yi
Published: November 2022

Based on Systematic Functional Grammar and Hyland’s pragmatic classification of “we”, with the help of AntConc and Log-likelihood and Chi-square Calculator 1.0, the present study combines qualitative and quantitative research designs to compare and analyze the similarities and differences of different pragmatic functions of “we” in Linguistic and Economic academic discourse. The result shows that there are significant differences in the use of “we” between the academic discourse of the two disciplines (P < 0.001). In addition to the most frequently used pragmatic function of “we,” the other four functions are more frequently used in the academic discourse of Linguistics. The study suggests that this result may be affected by the stylistic characteristics of the discipline, and hopes to provide some enlightenment for the understanding and writing of academic discourse in Linguistics and Economics.
Study on the Translation Thoughts and Translation Styles of Gladys Yang
Authors: Yang Ganggui , Xue Hongguo
Published: November 2022

Since the 1980s, the English translations of Chinese classical literary works have been emerging, most of which are classic literary works and famous novels in modern times. In the 21st century, the exchanges between China and foreign countries in various fields are more in-depth, especially in the cultural exchanges, and their forms are more diverse. During this period, there emerged outstanding translators represented by Gladys Yang and others. This paper discusses the research status of the famous translator Gladys Yang from two aspects of her works, translation thoughts and translation style, in order to provide some enlightenment for translation learners and benefit for subsequent translation studies of Gladys Yang.
The Enlightenment of the Development of Citizenship Education in Germany to the Promotion of Ideological and Political Education in China
Authors: Yu Junyi
Published: November 2022

Citizenship education in Germany has a long history and a profound tradition. However, German citizenship education has been in constant split and reconstruction in a long period as the ups and downs of the destiny of the German nation and its country. It is endowed with different concepts, connotations and functions, along with every change of social situation and political order. Citizenship education in Germany is deeply influenced by its traditional political culture and has distinct national characteristics. In order to discuss the history and current situation of the historical development process and realistic situation of German citizenship education has many enlightenment and reference significance for promoting the further development of ideological and political education, especially the theory and practice of patriotism education in our country.
Management of undescended testes in adolescents and young adults
Authors: Gbobo Francis I. , Abhulimen Victor
Published: November 2022

Background: The undescended testes (UDT) are at risk of torsion, trauma and pathologic changes leading to subfertility and malignant transformation. Surgery for UDT should be performed before the age of 2 years.Methods: This was a 5-year retrospective study conducted on patients who presented with features of UDT in Port Harcourt. Ethical approval for the study was sought and gotten from the hospital ethical committee. Data was obtained from ward admission registers, theatre, and discharge records. The information gotten included history, examination findings and treatment received. Patients who had ectopic testes, retractile testes and incomplete records were excluded from the study. The information was collected and analysed. Categorical data was presented in the form of frequencies and percentages using tables. Continuous variables were presented in means and standard deviation. Results were presented in tables and charts.Results: The 15-19-year age group had the highest frequency. The median age was 19 years. Most subjects had at least secondary school education (71.43%). The right testes alone were undescended in 11 cases while the left alone was undescended in 7 cases. Three patients presented with undescended testes. Most (15) patients had their testes located in the inguinal canal. Poverty was the most common reason for late presentation. Orchidopexy was most commonly carried out via an inguinal approach.Conclusions: Late presentation of patients with UDT is common. Inguinal orchidopexy was the most common surgery performed. Health education on the need for scrotal examination after birth can aid earlier presentation.
An observational study on the effect of high versus low carbon dioxide pressure in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Modi Jenishkumar V. , Trivedi Mitesh
Published: November 2022

Background: Gall bladder stone is one of the common diseases of hepatobiliary system. If it is symptomatic then it needs to be treated and sometimes it may lead to multiple complications. Laparoscopic approach for cholecystectomy is widely acceptable and routinely done procedure for gall bladder stone. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy reduces postoperative pain and hospital stay as compared to open surgery. Laparoscopic surgeries require carbon dioxide (CO2) to inflate peritoneal cavity.Methods: It is an observational study at tertiary care centre. In present study authors have included all patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients required conversion to open cholecystectomy from laparoscopic cholecystectomy and emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy for malignancy were not included. In present study, patients were randomly allocated into two groups: group A (n=50) low CO2 pressure (8-10 mmHg) pneumoperitonium and group B (n=50) high CO2 pressure (12-14 mmHg) pneumoperitonium to perform laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In present study authors have compared post operative effects in term of pain (at 4, 8 and 12 hrs post operatively), hospital stay and requirements of injectable analgesics between group A and group B.Results: 14 patients in group B complained of post operative shoulder tip pain as compared to only 5 patients in group A. Analgesic requirement and mean length of post operative hospital stay were also less in group A as compared to group B.Conclusions: Low pressure laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LPLC) significantly decrease the frequency and intensity of post operative shoulder tip pain. So, LPLC decrease the demand for postoperative analgesics and decrease post operative hospital stay.
Incidence of hiatus hernia among semi-urban population with upper gastrointestinal symptoms: a single cantered study
Authors: E. Arvind , R. Murugan , M. P. Karthick , P. Karthick , G. Vikraman
Published: November 2022

Background: Hiatal hernias are a common occurrence in the western population, with an estimated prevalence of 15% to 20%. These hernias may become symptomatic and lead to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), dysphagia, dyspnoea, and may affect cardiac and respiratory function. Being overweight and elderly are the key risk factors in its development.Other known risk factors include: multiple pregnancies, history of oesophageal surgery, partial or full gastrectomy and certain disorders of the skeletal system associated with bone decalcification and degeneration.Methods: This is a retrospective study done on patients who presented to the surgical outpatient at Trichy SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre during the period July 2021 to July 2022.Results: Total of 97 (19.02%) patients presented with lax hiatus 41 (42.27%) and had it exclusively while 5 (5.16%), 31 (31.96%), 10 (10.31%) and 10 (10.31%) had it associated with antral gastritis, diffuse gastritis, pan gastritis and oesophagitis respectively. These values were statistically significant with a p value <0.001. And lax hiatus was more commonly seen among female 56 (57.73%) compared to male 41 (42.27%) and hiatus hernia observed more in male 21 (58.33%) than female 15 (41.67%), there was no statistical significance observed among both the gender.Conclusions: Among the patients those who have presented to the surgery outpatient at Trichy SRM with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and in whom upper GI endoscopy were done the incidence of hiatus hernia was observed to be more prevalent among men compared to women in whom lax hiatus were seen to exist.
A study to evaluate post operative drop in serum albumin level as marker for surgical stress and predictor for clinical outcome in laparotomy patients
Authors: Sushma P. , Kumar J. Pavan , Bhargavi M. L.
Published: November 2022

Background: Surgical involvements trigger metabolic stress responses of different magnitude, contributing to delayed recovery, complication rate and length of hospital stay. Insulin resistance, serum albumin levels, cytokines such as interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and other cytokines are used in clinical studies as measure for surgical stress. Clinical practitioners routinely measure C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in the blood after surgery to assess postoperative inflammation and predict the likelihood of postsurgical side effects. The slow kinetics of CRP, which makes it a poor predictor of stress-related complications, is a significant drawback. Albumin is widely used as nutritional marker and predictor. It shows an immediate response to surgical stress and could therefore qualify to measure surgical stress and to predict a complicated postoperative course. The aim of the present study was therefore to evaluate post-operative drop in serum albumin as a marker for surgical stress and predictor for clinical outcome in laparotomy patients.Methods: Patients admitted under surgical units from December 2020 to June 2022, at Mamata Medical College and Hospital, Khammam. A study was carried out on 50 patients admitted, undergoing Laparotomy electively and Emergency. All these patients have been assessed both preoperatively and postoperatively and their complications have been documented.Results: Serum albumin levels were compared pre-operatively and postoperatively using analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. There is statistical significance between pre-operative serum albumin levels and postoperative serum albumin levels from post-operative day (POD) 1 to POD 5.Conclusions: The serum albumin measurement is simple, cost effective and easy to perform. Using the serum albumin as a marker, reliable predictions can be made regarding the surgical complications, duration of stay in the hospital and the severity of surgical stress.
A case of mesenteric gastro intestinal stromal tumors: a diagnostic dilemma
Authors: R. Rajalakshmi , V. Rajakumar
Published: November 2022

Gastro intestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are non-epithelial tumors of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) arising from mesenchymal cells and interstitial cells of Cajal. It accounts for <1% of all of gastro-intestinal (GI) tumors and <5% of all GI malignancies. GIST most commonly involves stomach and small intestine, but rarely involves mesentery. Surgical resection is the main stay of treatment. Post-operative use of imatinib, delays the recurrence and improves the survival rate. In our study, we report a case of mesenteric GIST, a very rare entity and discuss the course of clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and prognosis.
Review on: relevance of breast cancer recurrence with body mass index or obesity
Authors: Jangir Narendra , Kchhawa Devi Singh
Published: November 2022

Breast cancer is considered to be the second most life taking malignancy after lung cancer in the world. Some studies also show that changed lifestyle including alcohol and junk food is also increasing incidence or prevalence. Obesity is one of the side effects of the changed lifestyle so it can be a key to evaluate the relationship between obesity and breast cancer. Recurrence happens in about 40% of the breast cancer cases and is lethal too. Besides the treatments developed, breast cancer mortality still is increasing. Relationship of obesity and breast cancer is in such a way that obesity is not responsible for the causing of cancer but obesity can increase the risk of recurrence or improper treatment due to higher level of hormones which may directly or indirectly affect the pathways.
Factors influencing exclusive breast feeding among women attending maternal and child health clinic at Kyanamira health centre 111, Kabale district
Authors: Byamukama Topher , Akandind Patience
Published: November 2022

Background: There is an increasing trend of mothers failing to exclusively breastfeed their babies and this has led to an increasing number of malnourished babies worldwide. This study was aimed at determining the factors that influence exclusive breastfeeding in Kyanamira HC III.Methods: A systematic random sampling technique was used to get all the 175 study participants.Results: 64% of the study participants were aged between 20 and 30 years, and 86.6% of them were peasants. The study found out a strong negative statistical association between community perception and exclusive breast feeding (p=-0.141, r=0.182), and majority of the mothers (62.6% do not support Exclusive breast feeding. There was no positive significant value related to exclusive breastfeeding in our study.Conclusions: Factors that are negatively influencing exclusive breast feeding in Kyanamira HC III are social, cultural and maternal physiological factors
Interventional behavioural change communication on HIV and aids related high risk behaviour among fishermen in Homabay and Siaya Counties, Kenya
Authors: Akobi William Kala , Oyore John Paul , Otieno George Ochieng
Published: November 2022

Background: Risky sexual behaviors such as sexual concurrency, sexual networks (fish for sex exchange) and unprotected sex, have been reported as the main cause of STIs/HIV infections among the fisher folks. Behavioural change mechanisms such as condom use, and abstinence are some of the interventions used in the prevention HIV/AIDS spread in Kenya.Methods: This was a follow up study on a three tie quasi-experimental study involving 246 randomly selected fisher folks in Mbita and Usenge along Lake Victoria. The study had three phases. baseline, intervention and endline. The survey used questionnaires to collect data among respondents. Using a sample frame in the beach management unit offices, fisherfolks were identified and invited to participate. Consent was obtained from participantsResults: Various variables were influenced by behavior change communication strategies used. These includes use of condom every time of sexual encounter p>0.000, risk associated with non-condom use p>0.004, stopping using condom and fear of getting HIV/AIDS p>0.009, Sexual intercourse without condom use is dangerous p>0.000, whether remembering to use condom every time of sex is difficult P.0.000, whether they are keeping many sexual partners p=0.004, receiving fish/money in exchange for sex in last six months p=0.006.Conclusions: Multiple sexual partners, non-condom use, fish for sex, alcohol consumption and circumcision were significantly associated with risky sexual behavior among the Fisherfolks, therefore other existing interventions need to be intensified to supplement behavior change communication to curb sexually transmitted diseases and further spread of HIV and AIDS.
Role of women in reproductive decision making and inter-personal communication regarding reproductive health
Authors: Garg Shipra , Kumar Dinesh , Prashar Savita
Published: November 2022

Background: Reproductive health of women plays a key role in overall development of a country. Lack of decision-making by women in reproductive health matters may lead to an unplanned pregnancy, unsafe abortion and other adverse reproductive health outcomes.Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted among married women with at least one child aged 18-49 years in Punjab, India. Study variables included socio-demographic characteristics, reproductive health characteristics, contraceptive choices, interpersonal communication and interpersonal relationship with spouses.Results: Among all surveyed married women, only 51 (58.6%) women reported to be physically and mentally ready for their marriage. 50 (57.5%) of women reported using condoms, while about one-third of the women were not using any kind of contraceptive method. 62 (75.5%) women reported decisions to be taken jointly for child health care. Place of delivery was reportedly discussed 78 (88.6%) by women with their spouses. Interpersonal communications were rated as either very good or good by 72 (81.8%) women. Also, women who were more educated than their spouses were less likely to be satisfied with inter-spousal communication. No significant association was observed between higher education of women than their spouses and active role in taking various decisions by women.Conclusions: Women should be encouraged to take her own reproductive and health related decisions and other family members should support her. Efforts to increase awareness for sexual and reproductive issues should be initiated from adolescence phase.
Quality of reproductive health care provided by community health centers of a district located in western India- a mixed method study
Authors: Misra Shobha , Desai Niraj
Published: November 2022

Background: Under National Rural Health Mission in 2007, Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) were introduced to strengthen health care services. As majority of health infrastructure is in existence before introduction of IPHS, there was scant information available on assessment of these standards. This study was carried out with the objective to assess quality of reproductive health care provided by community health centers (CHC).Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2013. All of the 17 community health centers from 12 talukas of the district were studied. Data collection was carried out by administering pilot tested checklist and interviewing clients.Results: All the CHCs had adequate infrastructure. Highest score was obtained for input (64%). The overall score in process section was 45%. None of the CHCs had a full-time anesthetist, physician, public health programme manager or public health nurse. At only three CHCs, general surgeon was available. Availability of MOs was 85% and Pharmacist was 88% respectively.Conclusions: Deployment and availability of specialist is the need of the hour. Adequate emphasis needs to be given to processes and outputs as well, apart from inputs. Public private partnership can be explored for better utilization of services. There is a need of up gradation of existing CHCs keeping in the view of IPHS norms.
India’s performance in achieving the targets of sustainable development goal-3 and the national health policy 2017 based on NFHS data
Authors: Shabnam Shewli , Singh Suman , Mondal Souvik , Maniruzzaman S.
Published: November 2022

Background: India is committed to pursue the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of the UN agenda 2030. Our objective is to evaluate India’s required progress rate for achieving the health-related targets under SDG 3 and the national health policy of India 2017.Methods: The data were collected from the reports of NFHS-4 and NFHS-5. Targets were taken from the United Nations SDG 2030 and the national health policy of India, 2017. When target is 100 percent, the annual rate of progress = [(Xt1 – Xt0)/ 100- Xt0] * [1/ (t1 – t0)]. Here t0 is the survey period of NFHS-4 and t1 is the survey period of NFHS-5. Xt1 and Xt0 represent the indicator’s values for the corresponding years. The rate of progress necessary to meet the target by the target year (α) = (Xtg – Xt1) / Xt1 where Xtg is the achievable value of an indicator in the target year and Xt1 is the value of the base year.Results: The required rate of progress to achieve the targets of SDG-3 was considerably higher than the current rate in case of neo-natal mortality rate, maternal mortality ratio, standard antenatal care visits, HIV/AIDS awareness, and households using clean energy for cooking and having health insurance. The targets of infant mortality rate and MMR of national health policy of India 2017 have not been achieved.Conclusions: Government should immediately intervene where the required rate of progress to achieve the health-related targets of SDG-3 and national health policy of India, 2017 is considerably lagging.
Predictors of diabetes-specific knowledge and attitude among people residing in the urban settlement of Jodhpur
Authors: Patel Mamta , Mathur Deepti , Kaushal Rashmi , Gupta Manoj Kumar , Joshi Nitin , Goel Akhil Dhanesh , Bhardwaj Pankaj , Toteja G. S.
Published: November 2022

Background: Diabetes has progressively increased in India and around the world over the last quarter-century, with India accounting for a significant portion of the worldwide burden. Researches show that diabetes mellitus related complications can be reduced by early diagnosis of the disease and appropriate treatment. This study aimed to investigate diabetes-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices in adults in the high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups in families of Jodhpur and to create awareness among the community about diabetes.Methods: With the use of an adequately constructed and validated questionnaire, the current cross-sectional study was conducted on the general population of Rajasthan. The questionnaire was pre-tested and pre-validated. The data were statistically analysed using SPSS.Results: There were 53.3% males and 46.8% females who were enrolled in the study. The mean knowledge score was 8.82±3.467 and the mean attitude score was 3.62±1.439. Respondents who were educated at least till high secondary or above were significantly more knowledgeable and with more attitude scores as compared to people who were either illiterate or educated only up to secondary.Conclusions: We discovered a reasonable gap between knowledge, attitudes, and practices, thus formulating and implementing strategies to transform positive attitudes into helpful practices is the need of the hour.
Prevalence of hypertension and its associated modifiable risk factors among rural and urban adults of field practice area of Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar
Authors: Bindal Hemant Kumar , Singh Lakhan , Kumar Vinod , Dubey Deepak Kumar , Shukla Uma Shankar , Qurishi Asif Ahmed
Published: November 2022

Background: The behavioral and biological risk factors, with a predisposition to the development of high blood pressure, are use of tobacco and alcohol, physical inactivity, obesity, increased fat, sodium intake, low fruit and vegetable intake. HT is called a “silent killer”. Majority of people with hypertension are unaware of the problem because it may have no warning signs or symptoms. Objectives were assessment of the prevalence of hypertension and associated modifiable risk factors among adults in the practice area of rural and urban area of Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar.Methods: The present observational cross-sectional study was conducted on adults of rural and urban dwellers of field practice area of Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar. By stratified random sampling method, 1418 participants were selected and included in our study during the study period that fulfilled our inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension found was 18.6%. In the present study, the association of hypertension with risk factors like tobacco use, BMI, and waist hip ratio was found to be significant in rural areas. While in urban areas, the prevalence of hypertension was found to be statistically significant with calorie intake, tobacco use, and BMI and waist hip ratio. The risk factor for calorie intake was found to have an insignificant association with rural areas.Conclusions: The present study revealed that around one fifth of adults had hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas.
Study of knowledge, attitude, and practices of biomedical waste management among healthcare workers in tertiary care government hospital in western Maharashtra
Authors: Gawande Abhishek A. , Gokhale Ramakant M. , Soni Akhil A. , Ram Nithes
Published: November 2022

Background: Bio-medical wastes produced in the course of health care activities has a higher potential for infection and injury than any other type of waste among healthcare workers. Studies in India and other developing countries have shown lack of knowledge and poor practice of biomedical waste (BMW) management.Methods: This was an observational hospital-based cross-sectional study. Study group included 210 healthcare workers, which includes doctors, interns, nursing staff, laboratory technicians, and class IV workers. Study was done by using a semi-structured questionnaire. The data was analysed using Microsoft Excel 2016.Results: The majority of doctors (92%), interns (90%), nursing staff (93%) had adequate knowledge about BMW management, but lab technicians and class IV workers (70%) had poor knowledge. Among all health care workers (HCW), 50% of HCW attended the training for biomedical waste management, 46% of the HCW thought that BMW management is an extra burden on work. Except for nursing staff (100%), other healthcare workers (>55%) do not follow the color-coding of BMW.Conclusions: The study emphasizes the need to conduct periodic training among all healthcare workers about all aspects related to bio-medical waste management.
Quality of life, stress, occupation status of immigrants: predictors of psychological health condition among the gulf return migrants in India
Authors: Banerjee Snigdha
Published: November 2022

Background: The instances of mental health problems are much more frequent among migrants who have faced adversity at the destination as they employed in precarious or insecure jobs. Those who returned as a failure, feeling valueless upon return and lack of suitable job at the place of origin triggered the feeling of distress among the returnees. Therefore, the main objective of this paper was to examine the quality of life, occupational status and its impact on psychological health condition of the gulf return migrants in India.Methods: 330 gulf returnees were interviewed with the help of a structured interview schedule and in-depth interviews were also conducted. Binary logistic regression has been used to determine the significant predictors of self-rated psychological health condition among the return migrants. For this purpose, the self-reporting questionnaire used to understand the mental health status.Results: High prevalence (60%) of mental health distress among the returnees was observed. Factors such as age at the time of return, typology of returnees, feeling sick in the destination country, duration of stay in destination, occupational status after return and reasons for return were found to be significant predictors of mental health distress.Conclusions: The returnees deal with significant mental health distress. Special attention should be paid on this issue. Migrants should access post return counselling related to job market and mental health services in origin.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of medical students towards electronic learning in a tertiary care centre in central India: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Pandey Shreshtha , Bhelkar Sandeep , Narlawar Uday W.
Published: November 2022

Background: Medical education is constantly growing at a rapid speed and to keep the upcoming doctors in par with the competitive world e-learning has become a necessary tool. In pandemic situations like COVID-19, instructors must deliver lectures safely as well as ensure the integrity and continuity of the medical education process. Online classes became a key component in the continuity of education. It is therefore important to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of medical students regarding electronic medical education.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 325 undergraduate medical students and interns in a tertiary care centre in central India using probability proportional to size sampling. The study involved a KAP questionnaire towards e-learning that was distributed as Google form by means of social media.Results: Study participants belonged to the age group of 18-30 years. 54% were male and 46% were female. 95.4% study participants used smart phones for medical education. 89.1% used online applications and platforms for medical education purposes. 84.6% used the internet regularly in your studies. 60.3% disagreed that e-learning can cover practical aspect of medical education.Conclusions: Study results show that medical students had optimistic attitude, good knowledge and practice towards electronic learning. E-learning is a useful tool to ensure continuity of medical education as well as helpful in minimizing the effects of pandemics like COVID-19 on medical education and on the progression of training.
3D radiographic assessment of impacted maxillary canine in orthodontic population of Bihar: a CBCT retrospective study
Authors: Kumari Anjali , Singh Prabhat Kumar
Published: November 2022

Background: this study was conducted with an objective to assess the pattern of distribution of impacted maxillary canine in orthodontic Bihar population using CBCT.Methods: The study included CBCT scans of total 1080 patients in the age group of 13-40 years who came for orthodontic correction in Buddha Institute of Dental sciences and Hospital. The scans were evaluated for the presence of any impacted maxillary canines from July 2021 to July 2022.Results: Out of 1080 scans, in the age range of 13-40 years, the prevalence of impacted maxillary canine was 2.77% in Bihar population.  Out of these 30 impacted maxillary canines, 19 impactions were present in females and 11 were in males. Out of 30 subjects, 21 had unilateral impactions and 9 had bilateral impactions. The incidence of mesioangular impactions (type II) were maximum (46.7%) followed by horizontal impaction (type IV) was 23.3%.Conclusions: The incidence of maxillary canine impaction in Bihar population was 2.7% and the type of impaction which was commonest was mesioangular impaction (Type II), which was in the accordance with many other studies.
Association between depression and suicidal ideation among people living with HIV
Authors: Gautam Anuradha , Mishra Chandra Mauli
Published: November 2022

Background: Psychological illnesses among PLHIV may cause poor engagement to their HIV care and it may lead to poor treatment outcomes. Therefore, early detection of depression and suicidal behaviour is important for timely intervention to improve mental health and HIV/AIDS-related treatment outcomes. So, the AIM of the study was to assess the prevalence of depression and its relation with suicidal ideation among PLHIV.Methods: This was a cross-sectional and facility-based study, 205 PLHIV were recruited by using systematic random sampling from ART plus centre, Lucknow. Depression and suicidal ideation were assessed using the nine-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) tool. Data were analysed using Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression in SPSS version-23.Results: The results revealed that the prevalence of depression among study participants was 36.6%, in which about more than half (56.0%) were females and about 54.4% females had suicidal ideation. In the multivariate logistic analysis, gender; AOR=3.07, 95% CI (1.53-6.14), category; AOR=3.66, 95% CI (1.60-8.34), type of family; AOR=0.26, 95% CI (0.12-0.58), socio-economic status; AOR=7.93, 95% CI (2.32-27.06) and PLHIV on co-trimoxazole prophylactic treatment; AOR=0.47, 95% CI (0.23-0.99) were significantly associated with depressionConclusions: The results signify the psychological morbidities of illness among PLHIV, so without good mental health care, people with HIV may fail their treatment, which also affects their health.