bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Rheological Characteristics of Graphite Modified Bitumen
Authors: Oladunjoye Odunayo Olayemi , Oyedepo Olugbenga Joseph , Olukanni Ebenezer Omoniyi , Akande Sombo Philiph
Published: December 2021

The level of performance of asphalt concrete has a close relationship with the properties of bitumen used. This research evaluates the rheological parameters of graphite modified bitumen. Index properties tests were conducted on bitumen and graphite to determine their suitability. Dynamic viscosity and dynamic shear rheometer were conducted on bituminous binder modified with four different proportion of graphite ranging from 2% to 10% by bitumen weight. Dynamic viscosity test was conducted on bitumen and graphite modified bitumen at temperature of 1350C and 1650C using Brookfield Viscometer. The rheological properties are centered on phase angle (δ) and complex shear modulus (G*) which were determined on bitumen and graphite modified bitumen at temperature ranging from 520C – 700C at 10 rad/s frequency using Dynamic Shear Rheometer in accordance with ASTM D7175-15. The storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G") and rutting parameters were then evaluated from phase angle and complex shear modulus. The bitumen and graphite modified bitumen showed that graphite modified bitumen has the highest complex shear modulus and rutting parameter of 8984 (kPa) and 33387 (kPa) at 10% graphite content. The results of viscosity helped to determine the mixing and compaction temperatures. Dynamic shear rheometer test results determined the elastic and viscous behaviour at various temperature. The higher the complex shear modulus and rutting parameter the stiffer the binder will resist deformation and rutting.
Influence of Different Pre-sowing Treatments on Germination and Seedling Vigour of Guava (Psedium guajava L.) Seeds
Authors: Masilamani Poomaruthai , Nagaraja A. , Yadav M. , Srivastava D.
Published: December 2021

The study aimed at investigating the effect of pre-sowing treatments on the germination and seedling vigour of Guava (Var. Allahabad Safeda) seeds. The pre- sowing treatments were made up cold and hot water soaking, manual scarification with sand paper, electronic scarification, different concentration of sulphuric acid, H2O2, CaOCl2 along with control. The treated and control seeds were placed for germination in top of the paper method. Twenty five days after sowing the result revealed that seeds soaked with CaOCl2 2% for 12 hrs. registered highest germination of 41 per cent followed by seed treated with H2SO4 200ml/kg for 15 minutes (40%). The control seeds gave only 10 per cent germination. Vigour index values shows significant differences among the treatments. The highest vigour index values of 119 were recorded in the seeds treated with H2SO4 200ml/kg for 10 minutes. The lowest vigour index value of 16 was recorded in control treatment. The results showed that treating the seeds with CaOCl2 2% for 12 hrs (or) treated with H2SO4 200ml/kg for 10 (or) 15 minutes was the most effective pre-sowing treatment for the germination and seedling vigour of Guava seeds.
PENGGUNAAN PLATFORM GOOGLE CLASSROOM DAN WHATSAPP SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA MASA PANDEMIC COVID 19
Authors: Sadat Fahad Achmad
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi Penggunaan Platform Google Classroom dan WhatsApp sebagai Media Pembelajaran Daring di Madrasah Aliyah Nahdlatul Ulama pada masa pandemic COVID 19 dengan semangat Merdeka Belajar. Pendekatan penelitian ini, yaitu, deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara dan observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis data interaktif. Berdasarkan penelitian penggunaan Google classroom dan WhatsApp sebagai media pembelajaran daring bagi siswa Madrasah Aliyah Nahdatul Ulama (MANU) Putra Buntet Pesantren Cirebon di masa pandemic COVID 19 dengan semangat Merdeka Belajar berjalan lancar  didukung oleh lembaga yang menfasilitasi proses pembelajaran daring dan orang tua siswa yang mensuport anak-anaknya sehingga pembelajaran daring berjalan dengan baik..
The Educational Experiences of Students with Asperger Syndrome
Authors: Tippett Jennifer
Published: December 2021

The Ministry of Education’s policy, Special Education 2000 (SE 2000) was intended to promote a model that ensured all students received an education that involved successful experiences (Ministry of Education, 1996). Students with Asperger Syndrome (AS) often have difficulty adapting to and achieving these successful experiences in their educational environment. This paper summarises the findings from a research project that was designed to investigate the issues that arise for students with AS, determine whether or not these experiences are generally positive or negative, and examine to what extent teachers have knowledge of AS. Data was gathered from interviews with three students, their parents and their teachers and a survey to examine teacher knowledge. Data was also gathered from nine interviews and twenty-nine questionnaires. This paper reports on the data gathered from the interviews. The emerging issues were: Difficulties accessing the curriculum, social difficulties, misunderstanding of parents’ roles, teacher responsibility, bullying, lack of teacher aide support, placement difficulties and sensory and environmental factors. The study concluded that the educational experience of the students was generally negative. The level of teacher knowledge was low, although the majority of teachers expressed an interest in gaining further knowledge.
Perbandingan Pendidikan di Indonesia dan Pendidikan di Finlandia
Authors: Andriana. FA Afrina , Eliza Delfi
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perbandingan pendidikan yang ada di indonesia dengan pendidikan yang ada di finlandia. Sebagaimana pendidikan di indonesia jauh sangat jauh tertinggal dibandingkan negara lain. Pada saat ini pendidikan adalah satu hal yang nomor satu dan yang terpenting untuk manusia. Terlihat dari kualitas pendidikan di finlandia keberhasilan pendidikannya sudah diakui dunia. Berbeda dengan indonesia, perbandingan pendidikannya terlihat sangat jauh berbeda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kajian pustaka, dimana pengambilan data dalam bersumber dari jurnal-jurnal atau buku-buku yang telah dianalisis berdasarkan permasalahan yang ada. Terdapat beberapa hasil mengenai pendidikan antar kedua negara ini yaitu, 1) pendidikan indonesia lebh banyak digunakan untuk ajang kompetensi, sedangkan finlandia mengedepankan prinsip kesetaraan, 2) terdapat sistem tinggal kelas bagi siswa yang kemampuannya dibawah rata-rata dan perangkingan siswa, finlandia tidak menggunakan sistem seperti ini, 3) indonesia beban belajarnya setiap minggu +/- 40 jam, finlandia belajar +/- 30 jam perminggunya, 4) di negara indonesia pembelajarannya lebih banyak dilakukan di ruang kelas, sedangkan finlandia menggunakan metode problem solving, 5) pemberian tugas akan selalu ada setiap kali bertatap muka bagi peserta didik di indonesia namun tidak untuk finlandia, negara ini tidak membebani peserta didiknya untuk mengerjakan tugas. Dan yang terkahir, 6) guru diindonesia bisa minimal D4, jika finlandia kualifikasi guru minimal master (S2). Jika ingin memasuki sekolah dasar di indonesia peserta didik harus memiliki surat rekomendasi tertulis dari pihak pengajar ssebelumnya.
The application of generalized additive models (GAMs) for assessing the teleconnection of ENSO and IOD with monsoon rainfall variability over Krishna river basin, India
Authors: MALLAPPA J. MADOLLI  , UMESH MADOLLI  , HUMA KOUSAR SANGRESKOP  , GOUDA P.A.
Published: December 2021

The present study examines the teleconnection of ENSO andIOD with monsoon rainfall (MN) and low, moderate and heavy rainfall events (LREs, MREs and HREs) over the Krishna river basin, using generalized additive models (GAMs) with suitable distribution. The outputs of GAMs indicate that, Poisson distribution is superior to the other distributions in assessing the teleconnection of ENSO-MN-IOD in the study area. Further, study resultsshowed that ENSO and IOD has significant (p < 0.001) non-linear responses to theLREs, MREs,HREs and MN. The influence of IOD on MN, LREs, MREs and HREs found positive on some parts, while negative on the other parts of the study area (i.e. heterogeneous in nature). While, ENSO has consistent negative influence on MN, LREs, MREs and HREsin the study area. Furthermore, La Niña and El Niño had positive and negative influenceon the MN, LREs, MREs and HREs respectively. The study outcomes will help the hydro-meteorologist and water related policy makers in modeling the impact of monsoon rainfall system on water, agriculture and allied sectors.
Trend analyses of regional time series of temperatures and rainfall of the Tapi basin
Authors: GANESH D. KALE
Published: December 2021

Climate change information at the scale of basin is vital for planning, development and use of water. The Tapi basin is climatically responsive. Hydrological response of a basin is based mainly on rainfall and temperature. Variations in climate at regional scales impacts fundamental features of our life. Thus, in the present work, trend analyses of regional time series (1971-2004) of minimum, mean, maximum temperatures and rainfallis performed for monthly, annual and seasonal scales for the Tapi basin. Correlogram is utilized for evaluation of dependence of data. Mann-Kendall test and Mann-Kendall test with block bootstrapping are applied for the evaluation of trend significance. Sen’s slope test is applied for the evaluation of trend magnitude. Sequential Mann-Kendall test is applied for assessment of beginning and end of the trend. Statistically significant positive trends are detected in regional annual and winter Tmean time series with their beginning in years 1974 and 1972, respectively.
Effect of weather variability on growth and yield of wheat crop under semi-arid region of India
Authors: ANANTA VASHISTH  , AVINASH GOYAL  , P. KRISHANAN
Published: December 2021

For generating different weather conditions during various phenological stages, experiments were conducted on two varieties of wheat (HD-2967 and HD-3086) sown on three different dates at the research farm of IARI, New Delhi during rabi 2015-16 and 2016-17. Soil temperature, soil moisture, leaf area index, biomass, chlorophyll content, radiation interceptions were measured during different crop growth stages. Number of days taken for each phenological stage was observed and thermal time for different phenological stages were calculated. Results showed that first sown crop had higher value of crop growth parameters and yield as compared to second and third sown crop.HD-3086 had higher value of LAI, biomass and yield than HD-2967. Grain yield had significant positive correlation with growing degree days during grain filling stage. Soil temperature measured at 2.21 PMat 5, 10, 15, 20 cm depth had 1-5°C lower value than the air temperature. Soil moisture measured at 0-15, 15-30, 30-45 and 45-60 cm depths had slightly higher soil moisture for HD-3086 as compared to corresponding value in HD-2967 during emergence, flowering and grain filling stages. Percentage relative water content in HD-2967 was found to be higher in first sown crop followed by second and third sown crop. However, in HD-3086, percentage relative water content was found to be higher in first sown crop followed by third and second sown crop. Grain yield had significant positive correlation with relative water content during different phenological stages. HD-3086hadhigherradiation use efficiency as compared to HD-2967 in all weather conditions.
Weather relation of rice-grass pea crop sequence in Indian Sundarbans
Authors: SUKAMAL SARKAR  , ARGHA GHOSH  , KOUSHIK BRAHMACHARI  , KRISHNENDU RAY  , MANOJ KUMAR NANDA  , DEBOLINA SARKAR
Published: December 2021

In order to develop weather-based yield prediction models for rice and grass pea in coastal saline zone of West Bengal, the experiments were conducted with rice (cv. CR 1017) and grass pea (cv. Bio L 212) in the rainy and winter seasons, respectively of 2016-17 and 2017-18. Rice was sown in nursery bed on six different dates starting from June 15 to July 19 at weekly interval in both rainy seasons in two different land situations viz. medium upland and medium lowland. Likewise, grass pea was sown on six different dates just before harvesting of rice. It was observed that both early sown rice and grass pea resulted in higher grain yield and took more time to mature under medium lowland situation irrespective of sowing dates. Correlation study revealed that air temperature during sowing to transplanting phase exhibited significant positive correlation with grain of rice in medium upland (Tmax = 0.76**, Tmin = 0.69*) and medium lowland (Tmax = 0.93**, Tmin = 0.81**) situations. On the other hand, maximum temperature and total solar radiation during 100% emergence to 100% flowering stage were negatively associated with the grain yield of grass pea in both medium upland (Tmax = -0.69*, Accumulated solar radiation = -0.73**) and medium lowland (Tmax = -0.74**, Acc. solar radiation = -0.77**) situations. Grain yield of rice and grass pea could be predicted with 94.4% and 87.4% predictability. Pre-harvest forecasting of grain yield was possible with 77.3% for rice and 83.8% for grass pea.
Evaluating temperature thresholds and optimizing sowing dates of wheat in Bihar
Authors: ABDUS SATTAR  , GULAB SINGH  , SHRUTI V. SINGH  , MAHESH KUMAR  , P. VIJAYA KUMAR  , S.K. BAL
Published: December 2021

Studies on wheat-weather relationship were carried out at Pusa (25.98 oN, 85.67 oE, 52 m), Bihar situated in middle Gangetic plains of India, with three popular wheat cultivars viz. RW 3711, HD 2824 and HD273, grown under five fixed dates of sowing viz. 15 November, 25 November, 5 December, 15 December and 25 December, for five consecutive rabi seasons from 2011-12 to 2015-16. Thresholds of maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin) and bright sunshine hours (BSH), associated with higher productivity, occurring at different phenophases, were determined. Results revealed that temperature played a crucial role in achieving higher grain yield of wheat. Both Tmax and Tmin during flowering to milking and flowering to maturity phases increased with delayed sowing dates beyond 25 November with consequent reductions in grain yield. During 50 % flowering to milk stage, Tmax and Tmin above 24.6 oC and 11.6 oC, respectively, reduced grain yield below 4000 kg ha-1; significant reduction in grain yield was also noted beyond maximum temperature of 26.9 oC. During flowering to milk and flowering to maturity phases, Tmax and Tmin exhibited highly significant negative correlation with grain yield, indicating higher temperatures causing lower grain yield. With delayed sowing, sensitive phases of the crop experienced higher air temperatures which led to reduction in grain yield. An increase of Tmax from 29.2 to 32.1 oC during flowering to maturity phases reduced the wheat productivity drastically in this region of Indo-Gangetic plains. Grain yield declined by 399 kg ha-1 per 1 oC rise in Tmax during 50 % flowering to maturity stage. Considering grain yield vis-à-vis temperature regimes during flowering to maturity stage, the most important recommendation for the farmers of the region would be to finish wheat sowing before 25 November in order to enable them to escape terminal heat stress in wheat and thereby realizing higher grain yield. The anthesis-time management by manipulating sowing dates could be a realistic adaptation strategy for attaining optimum grain yield under changing climate scenario.
Sensitivity of wheat yields to rise in growing season temperature: Evidences from panel data analysis
Authors: K. PHILIP  , S.S. ASHA DEVI  , G.K. JHA  , B.M.K. RAJU  , B. SEN  , A. ALI  , J. KUMARI
Published: December 2021

The impact of climate change on agriculture is well studied yet there is scope for improvement as crop specific and location specific impacts need to be assessed realistically to frame adaptation and mitigation strategies to lessen the adverse effects of climate change. Many researchers have tried to estimate potential impact of climate change on wheat yields using indirect crop simulation modeling techniques. Here, this study estimated the potential impact of climate change on wheat yields using a crop specific panel data set from 1981 to 2010,for six major wheat producing states. The study revealed that 1°C increase in average maximum temperature during the growing season reduces wheat yield by 3 percent. Major share of wheat growth and yield (79%) is attributed to increase in usage of physical inputs specifically fertilizers, machine labour and human labour. The estimated impact was lesser than previously reported studies due to the inclusion of wide range of short-term adaptation strategies to climate change. The results reiterate the necessity of including confluent factors like physical inputs while investigating the impact of climate factors on crop yields.
Major metabolic and metabolomic approaches of dietary therapy in the control of inflammatory obesity processes in COVID-19: a concise systematic review
Authors: Avance Aline Damasceno de , Ribas Filho Durval , Zotarelli Filho Idiberto José
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Obesity stands out as a multifactorial disease that can cause several public health problems. Currently, more than 30% of the world's population is overweight or obese. By 2020, it is estimated that over 60% of the world population will be overweight or obese. It has been postulated that a healthy nutritional status promotes immune function and can prevent the onset of a severe inflammatory process and severe infections, especially in times of pandemics such as COVID-19. The optimal immune response depends on proper diet and nutrition to keep the infection under control. Objective: This study analyzed the main interactions of dietary therapy in the control of obesity and its comorbidities, especially meta-inflammation. Methods: This study followed a systematic review model. The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, using scientific articles from 2009 to 2021. The low quality of evidence was attributed to case reports, editorials, and brief communications, according to the GRADE instrument. The risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: 105 studies were analyzed and submitted to eligibility analysis, and then 42 high to medium quality studies were selected. Biases did not compromise the scientific basis of the studies. Research has shown that unbalanced dietary patterns, such as the Western diet, rich in simple sugars, refined carbohydrates, saturated and trans-fatty acids, lead to chronic inflammatory responses, increased fat deposition, and future comorbidities associated with overweight and obesity. In addition, some nutrients have important effects in decreasing the inflammatory response and in metabolic restoration, reducing oxidative stress. Therefore, adequate dietary interventions for the management of overweight and obesity are needed, especially starting early in children and adolescents for healthy growth, preventing comorbidities in adulthood.
IMPROVEMENT OF FROST RESISTANCE OF GRAPEVINE
Authors: Lixandru Marian , Fendrihan Sergiu
Published: December 2021

"The experiments took place in the village Hotarele (Giurgiu County) comprising a vineyard area of
1.5 ha, with the Muscat Ottonel variety. From batches treated with copper sulphate with a concentration of 1.5%
before the fall of the leaves and 3% after the fall of the leaves, samples were taken and their evolution was
constantly monitored before and after the cold season. The buds and wood viability at negative temperatures of
-15, -18, -21°C and the content in reserve substances were analyzed. It was found that the vines treated with
copper sulfate have a higher viability, therefore a better resistance to frost as well as biochemical characteristics -
higher content of reserve substances, which support this resistance."
NEW DATA ON ENTOMOFAUNA HARMFUL TO RAPESEED CROPS AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF MEASURES TO PREVENT AND REDUCE ATTACKS
Authors: Trotuș Elena , Mincea Carmen , Pintilie Paula-Lucelia , Amarghioalei Georgiana-Roxana
Published: December 2021

"Rapeseed, the first crop established in autumn, is a species that attracts a large number of pests, from
emergence to the siliquae formation and seed. Decreased production due to the attack of harmful insects can vary
between 30-50%, in certain years, they can completely compromise crops. This paper presents data on the
entomofauna harmful to rapeseed crops and the influence of measures to prevent and combat attacks, under
specific conditions in the Central area of Moldova. The results obtained between 2017 and 2020 showed that the
harmful entomofauna of rapeseed was composed of 23 species of insects, classified in five systematic orders:
Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera and Homoptera. According to the number of species and
the number of specimens collected, the order Coleoptera had the maximum share of 73.9% and respectively
88.9%. Within the order Coleoptera, the most abundant species were Phyllotreta atra (41.4%), Meligethes
aeneus (27.8%), Ceuthorynchus assimilis (9.6%) and Phyllotreta nemorum (7.3%). Out of the total pest
entomofauna, it was found that 30% affect rapeseed crops in the period between seed germination-plant
emergence-leaf rosette formation, 9.1% in budding phase, 38% in flowering and 1.8% up to 2.8% in the
phenophases of siliquae formation and seed. To prevent the attacks of soil pests (P. atra, P. nemorum, Psylliodes
sp., Athalia rosae) was achieved by chemical treatment of the seed with Imidacloprid, Clothianidin and
Thiamethoxam. The product Lumiposa 625FS-11.4 l/t seed was experimented with good results in seed
treatment. To reduce the attacks of the pests during the flowering period (M. aeneus, A. rosae, Epicometis hirta,
Ceuthorynchus assimilis) three treatments were applied on vegetation as follows: Decis Mega-0.075l/ha;
Biscaya-0.3 l/ha; Mavrik-0.2 l/ha. This work was carried out within ADER 4.1.5 and 2.2.1 projects."
RESEARCH ON THE FLIGHT DYNAMICS OF OSTRINIA NUBILALIS IN MAIZE CROPS UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE CENTRAL PART OF MOLDOVA, ROMANIA
Authors: Ursache Paula-Lucelia , Talmaciu Mihai , Isticioaia Simona-Florina , Amarghioalei Georgiana-Roxana
Published: December 2021

"Maize is one of the most cultivated plants species in Europe. Throughout Romania, maize was present
on 2.68 million hectares in 2019. As such, special care should be taken to protect these crops against harmful
organisms and especially insects. In the current context of the climate changes that become more visible from
one year to another on agricultural crops and also on the pest attack intensity, it is necessary to know the
evolution of the pest European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. in maize crops. For this reason, the pest was
monitored under conditions of the central part of Moldavia, Romania, in order to evaluate the adult’s appearance
and the flight pattern. Number of adults of O. nubilalis collected during the study period 2018-2020 totalled
1652 specimens, of which 488 specimens were registered in 2018, 729 specimens in 2019, and 437 specimens in
2020. The flight of adults began at the end of May in 2018, respectively at the beginning of June in 2019 and
2020 and continued without interruption until the end of September each year. The flight curves of O. nubilalis
were monitored in the study period, the maximum peaks were recorded at different times, influenced by
temperature conditions and precipitation recorded in April - August. The flight of moths has undergone changes,
it was interrupted by rainfall in June and July, the flight increased in intensity during August, in mid or the end
of the month, when second peaks were recorded."
OPTIMISATION OF LABORATORY PROTOCOLS FOR THE HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF TRIALEURODES VAPORARIORUM WESTWOOD, 1856 (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) GONADS – Part 1
Authors: Kazimir Kurzeluk Daniel
Published: December 2021

"Many techniques for the histological study of the invertebrate gonads topography are described. For
arthropods, a major drawback is the presence of the exoskeleton, which is a hardly permeable structure to the
aqueous reagents with mechanical resistance also. Therefore, use of specific reagents and techniques, adapted for
the study of their internal structures is a must. Several methods have been tested in this study like aqueous
topographical fixation solutions based on picric acid (Bouin), mercury (II) chloride („Susa” Heidenhain) as well
as alcoholic ones, picric acid (Duboscq-Brasil), mercury (II) chloride (Apathy) or acetic acid (Carnoy II) based.
For the i) dehydration methods using absolute ethanol or 2-propanol, and ii) embedding ones the following
methods were tested: paraffin with benzene, tert-butanol or pyridine as intermediary solvent (Gabe), paraffincelloidin double inclusion with diethyl ether: ethanol (1:1) as solvent (Pfuhl). After embedding and casting the
paraffin blocks, these were cut at 5-10μ, the section ribbons were spread on distilled water and glued on slides
with glycerol-albumine Mayer. For the double-embedded material, the sections were glued with Ruyter’s
solution, with or without application of collodion. Heidenhain’s „Azan”, Mann-Dominici, Van Gieson and Gabe
staining methods were used. For permanent slides, natural Canada balsam or artificial one “Caedax” were
dissolved in xylene (mixture of isomers). Several procedures were tested for fixing solution, intermediary
solvent, dehydrating, embedding and staining. The aim of this study was to optimise an efficient method in terms
of results and reproducibility. Here, one of the successful methods is detailed (Heidenhain’s „Susa” fixation,
ethanol dehydrating, paraffin embedding and Heidenhain’s „Azan” staining), to be followed by a series of
optimized methods in future articles. The results obtained are reproducible, allowing the investigation methods
of the structural modification of the white fly gonads induced by the chemical or biological control methods
standardization.
"
Đánh giá hiệu quả điều trị phù bạch mạch chi thể bằng phương pháp nối bạch mạch - tĩnh mạch.
Authors: Tống Thanh Hải , Vũ Quang Vinh , Trần Vân Anh , Hoàng Thanh Tuấn , Đỗ Trung Quyết , Hoàng Tuấn Hoàng , Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Bích , Khổng Hạnh Nguyên
Published: December 2021

Đặt vấn đề: Phù bạch mạch là tình trạng rối loạn chức năng của hệ bạch huyết, ứ đọng dịch kẽ có chứa các protein trọng lượng phân tử cao gây ra các triệu chứng trên lâm sàng. Điều trị phù bạch mạch phải đảm bảo dẫn lưu được dịch bạch huyết bị ứ đọng về tuần hoàn chung. Phẫu thuật nhằm dẫn lưu dịch bạch huyết từ bạch mạch sang tĩnh mạch (nối bạch mạch - tĩnh mạch) là phương pháp cơ bản nhất điều trị loại bệnh lý này.Đối tượng và phương pháp: 20 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán phù bạch mạch chi thể qua khám lâm sàng và khảo sát hình ảnh chụp cộng hưởng từ hạt nhân, giai đoạn phù bạch mạch được xác định phân loại theo Hiệp hội Bạch huyết học quốc tế năm 2010, kích thước chi thể bị phù được xác định qua 3 vị trí đo khác nhau.Tiến hành phẫu thuật nối bạch mạch và tĩnh mạch bằng kỹ thuật siêu vi phẫu, các đặc điểm về số lượng bạch mạch, đường kính bạch mạch, số lượng mối nối bạch - tĩnh mạch, kiểu cầu nối được thống kê. Đánh giá kết quả điều trị theo thời gian căn cứ vào sự thay đổi kích thước chi thể bị phù (chỉ số Warren), sự thay đổi của các dấu hiệu lâm sàng, sự hồi phục về chức năng của chi thể.Kết quả: Độ tuổi trung bình mắc bệnh của nữ là 58,18 ± 1,06 tuổi, của nam là 32,5 tuổi, hầu hết các bệnh nhân đều ở giai đoạn II, III của bệnh. Kích thước chi phù lớn hơn trung bình 5 - 7cm so với chi lành khi tiến hành đo ở các vị trí khác nhau. Đường kính bạch mạch trung bình chi trên là 0,67 ± 0,13mm, với chi dưới là 0,56 ± 0,21mm, trung bình là 0,65 ± 0,11mm.Tiến hành từ 2 - 4 mối nối bạch mạch - tĩnh mạch trên mỗi bệnh nhân, kiểu nối tận - tận và tận - bên thường được áp dụng trong khâu nối bạch mạch và tĩnh mạch. Sau phẫu thuật, kết quả tốt > 90% ở cả ba vị trí quan sát theo thời gian (1 tháng, 3 tháng, 6 tháng), kích thước chi phù giảm mạnh nhất trong tuần đầu tiên sau phẫu thuật.Kết luận: Nối bạch mạch - tĩnh mạch là kỹ thuật hiệu quả trong điều trị phù bạch mạch chi thể.
Tổng quan (cập nhật) hoạt tính sinh học của Berberin.
Authors: Nguyễn Ngọc Tuấn
Published: December 2021

Berberine là một chất chuyển hóa thực vật thuộc nhóm ancaloit isoquinoline có hoạt tính sinh học và dược lý mạnh. Hiện nay, Berberine nhận được sự quan tâm đáng kể do hoạt tính chống ung thư của nó dựa trên nhiều con đường sinh hóa, đặc biệt là tác dụng tới quá trình chết tế bào và chống viêm.Ngày càng có nhiều bài báo về Berberine đòi hỏi tổng hợp kiến thức và xu hướng nghiên cứu. Hiệu quả của Berberine trong ung thư vú và ung thư đại tràng dường như là khía cạnh hứa hẹn nhất. Nhiều bài báo tập trung vào các chiến lược điều trị mới dựa trên các công thức mới hoặc tìm kiếm các dẫn xuất hoạt động mới.Hiện tại, Berberin đang được đánh giá trong nhiều thử nghiệm lâm sàng quan trọng và là một trong những tác nhân tự nhiên hứa hẹn nhất và được kiểm tra kỹ lưỡng.
Assessing the Effect of Integration in Logistics Sector on Economic Growth: Evidence from Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Salim Ba Awain Ali Mohsin , Jantan Mohd Dan , Sukati Inda
Published: December 2021

Logistics has been recognized as an important weapon for competitive advantage to boost economic growth. This paper examines the integration in the logistics sector that may result in increasing the economic growth. The study is also considering the role of government policy on the relationship between the factors of integration and the economic growth. The finding of this study shows that there is positive effect of: (1) Infrastructure on economic growth, (2) productivity on economic growth, (3) competiveness on economic growth, (4) Technological Advancement on economic growth. This study also found that (5) The Relationship between infrastructure, productivity, competiveness, technological advancement on economic growth moderated by government policies.
Functions and Composition Variations of Wheat Glutenin Proteins in Steamed Bread and Noodles
Authors: Guo Weiwei , Han Xiaofan , He Zihan , Qi Tong , Han Jiayi , Zhang Yumei
Published: December 2021

As a major food crop, wheat offers indispensable energy and nutrients to humans worldwide. With the living standards rising, the demand of high-quality wheat increases sharply. Wheat gluten proteins (glutenins and gliadins) are important components of seed storage proteins that affect the elasticity, strength or viscosity of dough. In this review, we summarize the composition of glutenin subunits in wheat grain and analyze the impact of glutenin on the traditional Chinese foods: steamed bread and noodles. Furthermore, we summarize the molecular markers used for wheat quality breeding. The advent of the recent wheat genomic will speed up the identification and quality breeding of novel glutenins.
Yield and Disease Responses of Improved Groundnut Genotypes Under Natural Disease Infection in Northern Uganda: Implication for Groundnut Disease Management
Authors: Kumakech Alfred , Otim Godfrey A. , Opio Tonny , Komakech Alfred , Turyagyenda Laban F.
Published: December 2021

Groundnut production in Uganda is constrained by groundnut rosette disease (GRD), the main cause of yield loss experienced by farmers. We conducted the current study to assess the responses of improved groundnuts to diseases (rosette and late leaf spot) and yield under local conditions. Four released groundnut genotypes (Serenut 5R, Serenut 8R, Serenut 9T and Serenut 14R) were evaluated in four locations in northern Uganda for two seasons in 2019. We established the experiment following randomised complete block design with three replications. GRD severity (harvest) and late leaf spot (LLS) severity (harvest) on the four genotypes were not significantly (P > 0.05) different but positively correlated with the Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC). Genotype-by-location interaction for LLS AUDPC, GRD AUDPC and dry pod yield were significant (P < .001). Season-by-genotype interaction was not significant (P = 0.367). Days to 50% flowering were also not significant (P > 0.05). Highest and lowest yields were recorded for Serenut 9T in the Omoro district (1,291 kg/acre) and the Amuru district (609 kg/acre), respectively. Dry pod yield was significantly (P < 0.001) negatively correlated with GRD severity and GRD AUDPC. Yield performance of the four genotypes was not significantly (P < 0.05) different in the districts, except for Kitgum, where yields of Serenut 9T and Serenut 8R were significantly (P < 0.05) higher. These genotypes could be used to manage GRD by smallholder farmers in Northern Uganda. Special consideration should therefore be given to these four groundnut genotypes for GRD management in the Acholi sub-region.
The Impact of Re-Mating Interval and Genotype on Physiological Response of Rabbits after First Kindling
Authors: Ghoneim Shereen S. , Nasr Sawsan A. , El-Wardany I. , Farid A. , Ahmed A. H. , Abdel-Kafy E. M.
Published: December 2021

This is an experiment aimed to study the effect of re-mating interval on rabbit does after first kindling on hormonal (insulin, leptin, and T3) and metabolites (triglycerides, urea, and glucose) levels. DNA damage in ovary cells of rabbit does during the 2nd parity was also studied. Two varieties were used: APRI (synthetic line) and Baladi Black (BB, Egyptian breed). A total number of 120 mature rabbit does (60 does for each breed) were 6 months of age and were used at the beginning of the breeding season. Does of each breed were divided into three equal groups according to reproductive rhythm. The 1st group was postpartum (PP). The 2nd group was 11 days after parturition (P11). The 3rd group was post-weaning (PW). There were significant (P≥0.05) differences in plasma leptin concentration during 1st parity. The highest value of plasma leptin concentration was recorded by the PW group at mating. Also, there were significant differences in plasma insulin and T3 hormones concentrations of doe rabbits. The highest value of plasma insulin concentration was recorded by the PW group at mating in 1st parity and the highest value of plasma T3 hormone concentration was recorded for the PS group at mating. While there were insignificant differences during 2nd parity in T3 hormone concentration in rabbits, the differences of plasma glucose and triglyceride concentrations of doe rabbits during 1st parity and 2nd parity were significant. However, the highest significant value of plasma glucose concentration was recorded by the PW group at mating. On the other hand, there were insignificant differences in plasma urea concentration of doe rabbits during 1st parity and 2nd parity. Finally, no significant effects were observed on comet length, head diameter, tail length, or DNA % tail.
Modelagem de Tráfego Urbano via Medidas de Energia e Densidade de Movimento
Authors: Lopes Ramon da Cunha , Miranda Márcio Fantini , Almeida Paulo Eduardo Maciel de , Wanner Elizabeth Fialho
Published: December 2021

Neste trabalho é proposta a aplicação dos conceitos de energia e densidade de movimento em sistemas inteligentes de tráfego urbano, usados como ferramenta para modelagem e atuação em uma rede de tráfego urbano. A principal contribuição está relacionada com a metodologia de modelagem que, ao adotar a quantidade de movimento como variável de estado de modelo, reduz sua estrutura e consequentemente facilita a utilização para um  controle de tráfego por região. Foram coletados dados reais da BHTrans de cinco regiões do centro da cidade de Belo Horizonte, e obtidas métricas que associam a velocidade média e o tamanho das filas de veículos para o cálculo da densidade de movimento. Testes foram feitos utilizando um simulador de tráfego e os resultados foram comparados com dados reais das vias.
Generationsumbruch in Sozialunternehmen
Authors: Thuresson Jette
Published: December 2021

Skills shortage, generational upheaval, demographic change - the current challenges in social enterprises highlight the importance of addressing staff retention. As more baby boomers retire, the proportion of Generation Y (born 1980–2000) increases in the labour market. They seem to approach the world of work differently to previous generations. How can Generation Y employees be retained in social enterprises? Through a survey of current literature and interviews with experts, practical findings are derived that clearly show the need for specific approaches for the retention of Generation Y, with emotional aspects playing a particularly important role.
In Defense of Veritism
Authors: Pritchard Duncan ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

It used to be taken as a given in epistemology that the fundamental good from a purely epistemic point of view is truth. Such veritism is a given no longer, with some commentators advocating epistemic value pluralism, whereby truth is at most one of several irreducible epistemic goods, while others are attracted to an epistemic value monism that is centred on something other than truth, such as knowledge or understanding. It is claimed that it was premature to reject veritism. In particular, it is argued that the kinds of motivations that are offered for rejecting this proposal are weak on closer inspection, as they trade on a dubious reading of veritism that is independently implausible. The attraction of this implausible way of thinking about veritism lies in the difficulty of offering any coherent alternative. A solution to this conundrum is proposed, whereby we unpack the veritist proposal in terms of the explanatorily prior notion of an intellectually virtuous inquirer.
Pritchard’s Case for Veritism
Authors: Greco John ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

In his “In Defense of Veritism”, Duncan Pritchard reconsiders the case for epistemic value truth monism, or the thesis that truth is the sole fundamental epistemic good. I begin by clarifying Pritchard’s thesis, and then turn to an evaluation of Pritchard’s defense. By way of clarification, Pritchard understands “fundamental” value to be non-instrumental value. Accordingly, Pritchard’s veritism turns out to be the thesis that truth is the sole epistemic good with non-instrumental epistemic value, all other epistemic goods being valuable in virtue of their instrumental relation to truth. By way of evaluation, I argue that the case for veritism has not been made. The central point is this: Even if all epistemic value involves some or other relation to the truth, there are multiple relations to truth in addition to instrumental relations. Moreover, some of these seem capable of grounding further, fundamental (i.e., non-instrumental) epistemic goods. For example, knowledge has a constitutive relation to truth, and knowledge seems to be epistemically valuable for its own sake. Likewise, justified belief has an intentional relation to truth, and justified belief seems to be epistemically valuable for its own sake. Finally, I argue that, contra Pritchard, this central point seems confirmed rather than undermined by looking to the notion of an intellectually virtuous inquirer. Plausibly, a virtuous inquirer values such goods as justified belief and knowledge for their own sake qua epistemic goods, and not merely for their instrumental value for attaining truth.
Albert Einstein’s Epistemic Virtues and Vices
Authors: Vizgin Vladimir P. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

The article is based on the concepts of epistemic virtues and epistemic vices and explores A. Einstein’s contribution to the creation of fundamental physical theories, namely the special theory of relativity and general theory of relativity, as well as to the development of a unified field theory on the basis of the geometric field program, which never led to success. Among the main epistemic virtues that led Einstein to success in the construction of the special theory of relativity are the following: a unique physical intuition based on the method of thought experiment and the need for an experimental justification of space-time concepts; striving for simplicity and elegance of theory; scientific courage, rebelliousness, signifying the readiness to engage in confrontation with scientific conventional dogmas and authorities. In the creation of general theory of relativity, another intellectual virtue was added to these virtues: the belief in the heuristic power of the mathematical aspect of physics. At the same time, he had to overcome his initial underestimation of the H. Minkowski’s four-dimensional concept of space and time, which has manifested in a distinctive flexibility of thinking typical for Einstein in his early years. The creative role of Einstein’s mistakes on the way to general relativity was emphasized. These mistakes were mostly related to the difficulties of harmonizing the mathematical and physical aspects of theory, less so to epistemic vices. The ambivalence of the concept of epistemic virtues, which can be transformed into epistemic vices, is noted. This transformation happened in the second half of Einstein’s life, when he for more than thirty years unsuccessfully tried to build a unified geometric field theory and to find an alternative to quantum mechanics with their probabilistic and Copenhagen interpretation In this case, we can talk about the following epistemic vices: the revaluation of mathematical aspect and underestimation of experimentally – empirical aspect of the theory; adopting the concepts general relativity is based on (continualism, classical causality, geometric nature of fundamental interactions) as fundamental; unprecedented persistence in defending the GFP (geometrical field program), despite its failures, and a certain loss of the flexibility of thinking. A cosmological history that is associated both with the application of GTR (general theory of relativity) to the structure of the Universe, and with the missed possibility of discovering the theory of the expanding Universe is intermediate in relation to Einstein’s epistemic virtues and vices. This opportunity was realized by A.A. Friedmann, who defeated Einstein in the dispute about if the Universe was stationary or nonstationary. In this dispute some of Einstein’s vices were revealed, which Friedman did not have. The connection between epistemic virtues and the methodological principles of physics and also with the “fallibilist” concept of scientific knowledge development has been noted.
Epistemic Virtue of Wisdom and Evidentialism
Authors: Karpov Kirill V. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

My primary concern in this article is the connection between virtue epistemology and evidentialism. This possible connection is analyzed upon, firstly, the example of the intellectual virtue of wisdom, and, secondly, the historical case – Thomas Aquinas’ approach to virtue of wisdom as an intellectual disposition (habitus). I argue that it is possible to offer such an interpretation of ‘intellectual virtue’ that aligns with the peripatetic tradition broadly understood (to which the epistemology of virtues ascends), and on the basis of which an evidentialist theory of justification is offered. In the first part of the paper, I briefly present the main interpretations of virtue epistemology and evidentialism in the light of externalism/internalism debate. In the second part I discuss Aquinas’ understanding of intellectual virtue as a disposition (habitus). The main concern here are virtues of theoretical habitus – wisdom and (scientific) knowledge. I show that habitus in this case is understood in two ways: as an ability, inherent to human beings, and as objective knowledge. Thus, there are two understandings of wisdom – as a virtue and knowledge (scientia). Finally, in the concluding parts of the paper, I outline possible ways of solving presented in the first part challenges to evidentialism and internalism.
Negotiating the Nonnegotiable
Authors: Haist Gordon ,   Society for Indian Philosophy and Religion
Published: December 2021

Are human rights negotiable? Jacques Derrida argued that it is necessary to negotiate the nonnegotiable to save the nonnegotiable. This paper defends this claim while arguing for what Calvin Schrag called an ethics of the fitting response and finding such a response in Amartya Sen’s realization-focused comparative approach to justice. For Derrida, the aporetic character of urgency produces decisions which must be made outside the institutional limits of decision theory. That calls for a deconstruction of the axiomatics of rights in institutional settings. It also makes urgent the need for a deinstitutionalized ethics undeceived by the challenge of making judgments in aporias. Using Ted Honderich’s humanism as counterfoil, the argument moves through Derrida’s concept of "contradictory coherence" to Schrag’s transverse rationality, which thinks with deconstruction in order to think against its negative outcomes. The paper ends by suggesting that Schrag's communicative praxeology forges an ethics compatible with Sen’s threshold conditions to determine rights through freedoms.
Rasāsvāda: A Comparative Approach to Emotion and the Self
Authors: Timalsina Sthaneshwar ,   Society for Indian Philosophy and Religion
Published: December 2021

This paper explores the philosophy of emotion in classical India. Although some scholars have endeavored to develop a systematic philosophy of emotion based on rasa theory, no serious effort has been made to read the relationship between emotion and the self in light of rasa theory. This exclusion, I argue, is an outcome of a broader presupposition that the 'self' in classical Indian philosophies is outside the scope of emotion. A fresh reading of classical Sanskrit texts finds this premise baseless. With an underlying assumption that emotion and self are inherently linked, this paper explores similarities between the Indian and Chinese approaches.
Comorbidities, Rather Than Older Age, Are Strongly Associated With Higher Utilization of Healthcare in Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Authors: Thong Melissa S.Y. , Boakye Daniel , Jansen Lina , Martens Uwe M. , Chang-Claude Jenny , Hoffmeister Michael , Brenner Hermann , Arndt Volker
Published: December 2021

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors generally have a higher healthcare utilization (HCU) than the general population due to cancer burden. However, it is unclear which factors are associated with this increased uptake. Our study aimed to (1) compare CRC-related and non-CRC visits to general practitioners (GPs) and medical specialists (MSs) by comorbidities, and (2) assess whether HCU differs by demographic, clinical, and psychological factors. Methods: We used data from a German population-based cohort of 1,718 survivors of stage I–III CRC diagnosed in 2003 through 2010 who provided information on HCU at 5-year follow-up. Multivariable linear regression was used to calculate least-square means of CRC-related and non-CRC HCU according to the Charlson comorbidity index and comorbidity cluster, adjusting for relevant demographic, clinical, and psychological characteristics. Results: A higher comorbidity level was associated with more CRC-related MS visits and non-CRC GP visits. In addition to being strongly associated with non-CRC GP visits, comorbidity clusters were associated with CRC-related GP and MS visits, but their association varied by specific cardiometabolic comorbidities. HCU was less dependent on prognostic factors for CRC, such as age and tumor stage, but was strongly associated with disease recurrence, depression, and emotional functioning. Conclusions: Comorbidities, rather than age or tumor stage, were related to HCU, suggesting that CRC survivors use healthcare mainly for reasons other than cancer 5 years postdiagnosis. Improved communication between primary and tertiary healthcare providers could enhance the medical care of cancer survivors with complex health needs and thereby also reduce healthcare costs.