Weight Gain during Pregnancy in Women with HIV Receiving Different Antiretroviral Regimens
Authors: Floridia Marco , Masuelli Giulia , Tassis Beatrice , Franceschetti Laura , Savasi Valeria Maria , Spinillo Arsenio , Tamburrini Enrica , Guaraldi Giovanni , Dalzero Serena , Sansone Matilde , Chiodo Antonella , Antoni Anna Maria Degli , Pinnetti Carmela , Liuzzi Giuseppina , Ravizza Marina ,   the Italian Group on Surveillance of Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy, Floridia M. , Ravizza M. , Tamburrini E. , Ravizza M. , Tamburrini E. , Lorenzo F. Di , Sterrantino G. , Meli M. , Campolmi I. , Vichi F. , Pin B. Del , Marocco R. , Mastroianni C. , Mercurio V.S. , Zanaboni D. , Guaraldi G. , Nardini G. , Stentarelli C. , Beghetto B. , Antoni A.M. Degli , Molinari A. , Crisalli M.P. , Donisi A. , Ruggieri A. , Piepoli M. , Cerri V. , Zuccotti G. , Giacomet V. , Paradiso L. , Forlanini F. , Longoni E. , Placido G. , Milini P. , Savalli F. , Portelli V. , Sabbatini F. , Francisci D. , Papalini C. , Bernini L. , Grossi P. , Rizzi L. , Maso G. , Bernardon M. , Bussolaro S. , Pietà I. Della , Sorz A. , Meloni A. , Chiodo A. , Dedoni M. , Ortu F. , Piano P. , Citernesi A. , Vicini I. Bordoni , Luzi K. , Spinillo A. , Roccio M. , Vimercati A. , Calabretti D. , Gigante S. , Guerra B. , Cervi F. , Simonazzi G. , Margarito E. , Capretti M.G. , Marsico C. , Faldella G. , Sansone M. , Martinelli P. , Agangi A. , Capone A. , Maruotti G.M. , Tibaldi C. , Trentini L. , Todros T. , Masuelli G. , Frisina V. , Savasi V. , Cardellicchio E. , Giaquinto C. , Fiscon M. , Rubino E. , Franceschetti L. , Badolato R. , Forleo M.A. , Tassis B. , Ruggiero M. , Genovese O. , Cafforio C. , Pinnetti C. , Liuzzi G. , Casadei A.M. , Cavaliere A.F. , Cellini M. , Marconi A.M. , Dalzero S. , Ierardi M. , Simonetti S.C. , Alfieri N. , Agrati S. , Polizzi C. , Mattei A. , Pirillo M.F. , Amici R. , Galluzzo C.M. , Donnini S. , Baroncelli S. , Floridia M. , Cerioli A. , Martino M. De , Parazzini F. , Tamburrini E. , Vella S. , Martinelli P. , Ravizza M. 
Published: January 2021

Background

No published studies have evaluated in pregnant women with HIV weight gain with different antiretroviral drug classes.

Methods

Data from a national cohort study were used. We compared absolute weight gain and occurrence of excessive weight gain in women with HIV who received during pregnancy integrase inhibitors (INSTI), protease inhibitors (PI), or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI). Excessive weight gain was defined according to the Institute of Medicine recommendations. Possible predictors of weight gain were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

Among 273 cases (PI: 191, NNRTI: 43, INSTI: 39), the mean weight increase was 11.3 kg, and 25.4% of the mothers had an excessive weight increase. No significant differences were found among the three treatment groups for absolute weight increase, occurrence of excessive weight gain, infant birthweight, and other pregnancy and laboratory outcomes. The comparisons of individual drugs, although based on a limited number of cases, suggested no major differences. A significant positive correlation was found between weight gain and CD4+ T-cell increase during pregnancy. In multivariate analyses, drug class and nucleoside backbone were not associated with absolute or excessive weight increase. Excessive weight increase was significantly associated with week of delivery (adjusted odds ratio: 1.74, 95% CI 1.15, 2.63), obesity (5.21, 95% CI 1.85, 14.64), overweight (7.95, 95% CI 3.26, 19.39), recent substance use (5.96, 95% CI 1.13, 31.40) and fasting 2nd trimester hyperglycaemia (3.94, 95% CI 1.14, 13.65).

Conclusions

No significant differences in absolute weight change or occurrence of excessive weight gain were found among women with HIV who received during pregnancy different classes of antiretroviral drugs.