bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Impact of the System Restrictions Imposed by the Chinese Regulator on the Key Performance Indicators of the Chinese Gaming Industry
Authors: Tsymlyakov Aleksei Maksimovich
Published: April 2024

The subject of this study is to conduct a survey aimed at assessing the functioning and development of the Chinese gaming industry under the restrictions imposed by the Chinese regulator on this industry. Accordingly, the object of this study is the gaming industry of mainland China. The gaze, within the framework of this research, is directed specifically at the Chinese gaming industry, insofar as it is the Chinese market, within the Asia-Pacific region, that is the largest both in terms of "money" and in terms of the number of game users – gamers. Nevertheless, the Chinese gaming industry is the only market in the region (and in the world as a whole) that has been subject to various kinds of systemic restrictions and regulations for more than 20 years, since 2000. In fact, the Chinese gaming industry is a "testing ground", the study of which seems relevant in order to draw conclusions regarding the impact of restrictions imposed by states on creative industries, industries related to the production of content in general, and the gaming industry in particular. As part of the study, the segmentation and systematization of data related to the system restrictions imposed on the Chinese gaming industry was carried out. Also, an analysis of the dynamics of statistical data on key indicators of the functioning of the gaming industry was carried out. The scientific novelty of the work consists in an attempt to assess the potential impact of the introduction of certain restrictions imposed on the Chinese gaming industry on the key performance indicators of this industry. As part of the study, the primary conclusions concerning the possible negative impact of government restrictions imposed by the Chinese regulator on the Chinese gaming industry are presented.
Thermodynamic Principles governing Supersaturation, Nucleus Seed Formation, and Crystallization
Authors: Song Sanggeun , Kim Donghee , Kang Jingyu , Han Jonghwa , Kim Byung Hyo , Yoon Sangwoon , Kim Sungjee , Hyeon Taeghwan , Park Jungwon , Kim Ji-Hyun , Sung Jaeyoung
Published: April 2024

Supersaturation and nucleus seed formation are universal processes that precede all phase transitions. Despite extensive research on nucleation, thermodynamic equations governing supersaturation, formation of nucleus seeds and their crystallization have long remained missing. Here, we present exact statistical thermodynamic formula for the saturation degree, the most-probable size distribution of mesoscopic nuclei, and their crystallization, introducing mesoscopic state defined by temperature, the total monomer concentration, and the largest cluster size (LCS). Our results show how supersaturation emerges for mesoscopic nuclei systems and the supersaturation degree decreases with the LCS. The size-distribution of nucleus seeds is either a unimodal or a monotonically decreasing function of size, depending on the system and temperature. For nucleus seeds with a unimodal size distribution, their most probable size increases with temperature. We discover a critical supersaturation condition under which nucleus seeds undergo a phase transition, characterized by an abrupt increase in the most probable size. We also investigated nonequilibrium dynamics of supersaturation, nucleus seed formation, and phase transition, accounting for the monomer-supply-rate effects. Nucleus seeds attain either nonequilibrium-steady-state (NESS) or transient-oscillatory-state (TOS) depending on the monomer-supply-rate, before undergoing phase transition. In both NESS and TOS, nuclei assume a quasi-equilibrium size distribution. During crystallization, the survival probability of nuclei in solution phase exhibits a power-law relaxation regardless of the monomer-supply-rate. This work can be extended to investigate diverse nucleation and phase transition phenomena prevalent across nature and industry.
Origin of Reactivity Trends of an Elusive Metathesis Intermediate from NMR Chemical Shift Analysis of Surrogate Analogs
Authors: Kakiuchi Yuya , Docherty Scott R. , Berkson Zachariah J. , Yakimov Alexander V. , Wörle Michael , Copéret Christophe , Aghazada Sadig
Published: April 2024

Olefin metathesis has been established as an efficient tool to build carbon-carbon bonds, and its widespread applications in organic synthesis have been made possible by the development of efficient homogeneous catalysts – Grubbs and Schrock-type – that operate through the same intermediates and Chauvin mechanism. With d0 Schrock-type catalysts, the first elementary step, olefin-coordination, is often rate determining, but it been rarely explored due to the lack of accessible relevant molecular analogs. Here, we develop a surrogate of this key olefin-coordination intermediate, namely a cationic d0 tungsten oxo-methylidene complex bearing two N-heterocyclic carbene ligands, [WO(CH2)Cl(IMes)2](OTf) (1) (IMes = 1,3-dimesitylimidazole-2-ylidene; OTf – triflate counter-anion) resulting in a trigonal bipyramidal (TBP) geometry, along with its neutral octahedral analog [WO(CH2)Cl2(IMes)2] (2), and an isostructural oxo-methylidyne derivative [WO(CH)Cl(IMes)2] (3). These compounds were fully characterized by state-of-the-art methods, including single-crystal X-ray diffraction (scXRD) and multinuclear (1H, 13C, 183W) solution NMR spectroscopy. The analysis of their solid-state 13C and 183W MAS NMR signatures, along with computed 17O NMR parameters, helps to correlate their electronic structures with NMR patterns and evidences the importance of the competition between the three equatorial ligands in the TBP complexes. Further analysis validates the suitability of complex 1 as a surrogate molecule to interrogate the electronic structure of the key olefin coordination intermediate of the Chauvin cycle. Anchored on experimentally obtained NMR parameters for 1, computational analysis of a series of olefin coordination intermediates highlights the interplay between σ- and π-donating ligands in modulating the stability of TBP olefin-coordination intermediates, paralleling their reactivity. In this work, NMR spectroscopy descriptors reveal the origin for the advantage of the dissymmetry in σ-donating abilities of ancillary ligands in Schrock-type catalysts: weak σ-donors avoid the orbital-competition with the oxo ligand upon formation of a TBP olefin-coordination intermediate, while stronger σ-donors compromise M≡O triple bonding and thus render olefin coordination step energy expensive.
Reactivity Manipulation of Ionic Liquid Based on Alkyl Primary Ammonium: Protonation Control Using Pyridine Additive for Effective Spontaneous Passivation of Perovskite via Hole Transport Material Deposition
Authors: Nishimura Naoyuki , Tachibana Hiroaki , Katoh Ryuzi , Kanda Hiroyuki , Murakami Takurou N.
Published: April 2024

Alkyl-primary-ammonium-based room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) designed to exhibit specific reactivities allowing the functions that cannot be achieved by the current major RTILs (e.g., pyridine-based RTILs) have recently emerged. The archetype of the reactive RTILs is n-octylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (OA-TFSI), which has promising functions as an additive for the hole transport material (HTM) in perovskite solar cells (PCSs); the high reactivity of the OA cations on the perovskite surface allows effective spontaneous perovskite passivation via HTM deposition, significantly improving the PV performance of the PSC. However, although the reactivity manipulation of the reactive RTILs is instrumental for exploiting their potential functions and exploring their application scope, methods for reactivity control have not been developed. In this study, we propose and demonstrate that the co-addition of a pyridine moiety can effectively manipulate the reactivity of OA-TFSI by controlling the protonation between OA and the 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis-(N,N-di-4-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) HTM. The pyridine prevented OA deprotonation presumably via stabilization of the OA cation, thus retaining its ammonium form, which allowed effective spontaneous perovskite passivation. Although the proton being with OA owing to pyridine addition is disadvantageous for Spiro-OMeTAD radical formation via its protonation, which is crucial when conventional RTILs are used, a supportive function of the spontaneous perovskite passivation (i.e., the absence of cationic species in the HTM core) likely facilitated Spiro-OMeTAD radical formation, mitigating the requirement of Spiro-OMeTAD protonation. Therefore, overall, optimal pyridine addition significantly enhanced the PV performance, revealing the preference of protonation in the OA-TFSI system used in this study, which is opposite to that in conventional RTILs and represents the specificity of the reactive RTILs. This study provides valuable guidance for developing spontaneous perovskite passivation techniques, which can lead to further advancement of PCSs. Furthermore, this first proposal of a means in manipulating reactivity of the reactive RTILs will develop the nascent RTILs and contribute to further development of material science.
Energetic landscape and terminal emitters of phycobilisome cores from quantum chemical modeling
Authors: Cupellini Lorenzo , Gwizdala Michal , Kruger Tjaart
Published: April 2024

Phycobilisomes (PBs) are giant antenna supercomplexes of cyanobacteria that use phycobilin pigments to capture sunlight and transfer the collected energy to membrane-bound photosystems. In the PB core, phycobilins are bound to particular allophycocyanin (APC) proteins, of which ApcD, ApcE, and ApcF are thought to be terminal emitters (TEs) with red-shifted fluorescence. However, the precise identification of TEs is still under debate. In this work, we employ multiscale quantum-mechanical calculations to disentangle the excitation energy landscape of PB cores. Using the recent atomistic PB structures from Synechoccoccus PCC 7002 and Synechocystis PCC 6803, we compute the spectral properties of different APC trimers and assign the low-energy pigments. We show that the excitation energy of APC phycobilins is determined by geometric and electrostatic factors, and is tuned by the specific protein-protein interactions within the core. Our findings challenge the simple picture of a few red-shifted bilins in the PB core and instead suggest that the red-shifts are established by the entire TE-containing APC trimers. Our work provides a theoretical microscopic basis for the interpretation of energy migration and time-resolved spectroscopy in phycobilisomes.
Dynamic Vertical Triplet Energies: A metric for predicting triplet energy transfer
Authors: Popescu Mihai , Paton Robert
Published: April 2024

Visible light energy transfer catalysis has emerged in recent years as an attractive synthetic method for accessing high-energy intermediates, leading to the discovery of novel reactivity modes inaccessible via thermal methods. Computational methods have played a crucial role in understanding and predicting energy transfer catalysis, bypassing the need for complex and laborious photophysical measurements. Specifically, adiabatic triplet energies have been used as a predictive tool in the design of substrates amenable to sensitization, as well as a mechanistic tool. However, this approach fails to accurately predict the likelihood of triplet energy to molecules that undergo large structural changes upon excitation, and provides qualitatively incorrect predictions of E/Z-isomerism under energy transfer catalysis. Here, we introduce a new metric, dynamic vertical triplet energies (DvTE), based on the evaluation of change in vertical energy gaps throughout direct dynamics trajectory simulations. This approach improves the predictive capabilities of density functional theory computations and provides further support for the "hot-band" mechanism of energy transfer. We demonstrate excellent performance, with R2 = 0.96 and a mean absolute error (MAE) of 2.1 kcal/mol, for a collection of 20 small organic molecules, whereas the traditional adiabatic model performs significantly worse (R2=0.58, MAE = 8.3 kcal/mol). We anticipate this approach will be valuable for predicting E/Z isomerization triplet energies, for which currently there is no available computational protocol.
Conforto acústico em bibliotecas universitárias
Authors: Silveira Ednei de Freitas , Debastiani Aline Matte , Magnus Ana Paula Medeiros , Novak Loiva Duarte , Oliveira Marta de , Sartori Salete Maria
Published: April 2024

A Biblioteca Central da PUCRS, que completa 45 anos em 2023, sempre teve o cuidado de ser um espaço adequado, confortável e acolhedor para os seus usuários. Devido ao seu caráter comunitário, a Biblioteca disponibiliza recursos, espaços e serviços para a comunidade acadêmica e para a sociedade em geral. Com a crescente alteração do público que frequenta os espaços, os avanços tecnológicos e as funções de uma biblioteca universitária, foi necessário criar estratégias para que todos os públicos tenham suas necessidades supridas. Uma das ações estudadas, idealizadas e aplicadas pela equipe de bibliotecários foi a elaboração de um projeto de comunicação visual com a indicação dos ruídos permitidos em cada espaço. Esta proposta identificou os ambientes através de sinalização e tornou a convivência e o uso dos espaços mais assertivos, dando autonomia para os usuários escolherem o local mais adequado para a realização das suas atividades. Neste relato de experiência são descritas as etapas de elaboração do projeto, os pontos levados em consideração no estudo e a execução das ações.
importância da Arquivologia e da Diplomática no processo de criação do Diploma Digital na Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Authors: Silva Iran Cavalcante da , Silva Maria Amélia Teixeira da , Nascimento Genoveva Batista do , Oliveira Carlos Othon Mendes de
Published: April 2024

Com o objetivo de apresentar a importância da Arquivologia e da Diplomática no processo de criação do Diploma Digital na Universidade Federal da Paraíba, o estudo evidencia o Diploma Digital implantado pelo Ministério da Educação desde 2019, porém com obrigatoriedade de emissão pelas Instituições de Educação Superior a partir do ano de 2022. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. Na apresentação e discussão dos resultados, foram abordadas as características dos documentos arquivísticos, sobretudo, no que concerne a autenticidade, adentrando-se as principais exigências do Ministério da Educação, para a emissão do Diploma Digital. Diante disso, foi possível compreender que a Arquivologia e a Diplomática são fundamentais para aferir a autenticidade ao Diploma Digital emitido pela UFPB.
Cuantificación de la carga de la enfermedad renal crónica en América Latina: una epidemia invisibilizada
Authors: Rosas-Valdez Fernando Ulises , Aguirre-Vázquez Andrea Fernanda , Agudelo-Botero Marcela
Published: April 2024

Objetivo.

1) Describir la carga de la enfermedad renal crónica en países de América Latina entre 1990 y 2019 y, 2) estimar la correlación entre los años de vida saludables perdidos (AVISA) con el índice sociodemográfico y el índice de acceso y calidad de salud.

Métodos.

Análisis secundario y ecológico, basado en el Estudio de la Carga Global de Enfermedades, Lesiones y Factores de Riesgo 2019. Se reportaron las tasas estandarizadas de mortalidad, años perdidos por muertes prematuras (APMP), años de vida ajustados por discapacidad (AVAD) y AVISA por enfermedad renal crónica para 1990, 2005 y 2019. La información se desagregó por países, sexo, grupos etarios y subcausas.

Resultados.

Entre 1990 y 2019, la carga de la enfermedad renal crónica aumentó considerablemente en los países de América Latina, convirtiéndose en una de las principales causas de mortalidad y de AVISA. La tasa estandarizada de AVISA por enfermedad renal crónica se debió, en gran medida, al peso de las muertes prematuras más que a la discapacidad. En 2019, Nicaragua, El Salvador, México y Guatemala se destacaron por tener las tasas estandarizadas de mortalidad por enfermedad renal crónica y de AVISA más elevadas, mientras que Uruguay presentó las más bajas.

Conclusiones.

La enfermedad renal crónica es una epidemia invisibilizada que representa una carga excesiva, en mortalidad y AVISA, para los países de América Latina. Es indispensable aunar esfuerzos regionales para enfrentar la enfermedad, además de impulsar acciones locales que atiendan las particularidades de cada país.
Energy concepts involved in MOS characterization
Authors: Engström Olof , Gutt Tomasz , M. Przewłocki Henryk
Published: April 2024

Starting from a quantum statistical reasoning, it is demonstrated that entropy properties of silicon/silicon dioxide interface electron traps may have a strong influence on measured distributions of interface states, depending on measurement method used. For methods, where the Fermi-level is used as a probe to define an energy position, the scale is based on free energy. On the other hand, methods based on thermal activation of electrons give the distribution on an enthalpy scale. It is shown that measured interface state distributions are influenced by the distribution of entropy, and that common features of measured energy distributions may be influenced by entropy variations. These results are used to interpret experimental data on the energy distribution of electron capture cross sections with an exponential increase followed by a more or less constant value as the energy distance of the traps from the conduction band edge increases. Such a relation is shown to be consistent with a situation where the emission and capture processes of electrons obey the Meyer-Neldel rule.
Modeling of voice data integrated traffic in 3G mobile cellular network
Authors: Islam Imdadul , Krishna Das Jugal , Hossain Siddique
Published: April 2024

The most important feature of 3G mobile cellular network is introduction of voice data integrated service under multilayered cell environment to support overflow traffic of lower layered cells by upper ones. This paper deals with traffic model of three layered cells, i.e., micro cell, macro cell and satellite cell. Here a new call admission control is introduced for three layered cell of 3G mobile cellular network. State transition chain is designed for theoretical analysis of above mentioned traffic. Blocking probability of data call, new voice call and handover failure of voice call, probability of utilization of micro cell channel, macro cell channel and satellite cell channel are analyzed against different traffic parameters and yield logical results.
Applying shallow nitrogen implantation from rf plasma for dual gate oxide technology
Authors: Bieniek Tomasz , B. Beck Romuald , Jakubowski Andrzej , Głuszko Grzegorz , Konarski Piotr , Ćwil Michał
Published: April 2024

The goal of this work was to study nitrogen implantation from plasma with the aim of applying it in dual gate oxide technology and to examine the influence of the rf power of plasma and that of oxidation type. The obtained structures were examined by means of ellipsometry, SIMS and electrical characterization methods.
The role of fluorine-containing ultra-thin layer in controlling boron thermal diffusion into silicon
Authors: Kalisz Małgorzata , B. Beck Romuald , Barcz Adam , Ćwil Michał
Published: April 2024

We have investigated the influence of silicon dioxide reactive ion etching (RIE) parameters on the composition of the polymer layer that is formed during this process on top of the etched layer, and finally, the role of this layer in high- temperature thermal diffusion of boron into silicon. The polymeric layer formed on the etched surface appeared to consist of fluorine and silicon fluoride (SiOF and SiF). Concentration of these components changes depending on the parameters of RIE process, i.e., rf power, gas pressure and etching time. The composition of this polymeric layer affects, in turn, boron thermal diffusion into silicon. With increasing rf power, the depth of boron junction is increased, while increasing time of etching process reduces boron diffusion into silicon.
Ellipsometric spectroscopy studies of compaction and decompaction of Si-SiO2 systems
Authors: Rzodkiewicz Witold , Panas Andrzej
Published: April 2024

The influence of the strain on the optical properties of Si-SiO2 system has been investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), interferometry and weighing methods. Subtle changes of densification (compaction degree) in silicon dioxide layers on silicon substrates have been determined by weight technique (relying on measurements of the silicon dioxide layer mass and calculations of the volume). Elastic stress in the oxide layers has been measured by Fizeau fringes image analysis method. A comparison is made between the density of the silicon dioxide (r) and the results of calculations made using r = f = (n) relations (where n is the refractive index) given in the literature.
Investigation of barrier height distributions over the gate area of Al-SiO2-Si structures
Authors: Piskorski Krzysztof , M. Przewłocki Henryk
Published: April 2024

Distributions of the gate-dielectric EBG(x, y) and semiconductor-dielectric EBS(x, y) barrier height values have been determined using the photoelectric measurement method. Modified Powell-Berglund method was used to measure barrier height values. Modification of this method consisted in using a focused UV light beam of a small diameter d =0.3 mm. It was found that the EBG(x, y) distribution has a characteristic dome-like shape which corresponds with the independently determined shape of the effective contact potential difference fMS(x, y) distribution. On the other hand, the EBS(x, y) distribution is of a random character. It is shown that the EBG(x, y) distribution determines the shape of the fMS(x, y) distribution. The model of the EBG and EBS barrier height distributions over the gate area has been proposed.
The influence of yield model parameters on the probability of defect occurrence
Authors: Rakowski Michał , A. Pleskacz Witold
Published: April 2024

This paper describes the analysis of the influence of yield loss model parameters on the calculation of the probability of arising shorts between conducting paths in IC’s. The characterization of the standard cell in AMS 0.8 μm CMOS technology is presented as well as obtained probability results and estimations of yield loss by changing values of model parameters.
Optical interconnections in future VLSI systems
Authors: Tosik Grzegorz , Lisik Zbigniew , Gaffiot Frederic
Published: April 2024

This paper is focused on the latency and power dissipation in clock systems, which should be lower when the optical interconnects are applied. Simulation shows that the power consumed by an optical system is lower than that consumed by an electrical one, however the advantages of optics drastically decrease with the number of output nodes in H-tree. Additionally, simple replacement of an electrical system by an optical clock distribution network (CDN) results in high clock skew, which will be higher than 10% of the clock period for the 32 nm technology node.
A note on the computation of ordered supported non-dominated solutions in the bi-criteria minimum spanning tree problems
Authors: Gomes da Silva Carlos , C. N. Cl ́ımaco Jo ̃ao
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a new procedure for computing the set of supported non-dominated solutions of bi-criteria minimum spanning tree problems in ordered manner. The procedure is based on the systematic detection of edges which must be replaced in one efficient solution to obtain the adjacent one, in the criteria space. This new approach avoids solving unnecessary problems and makes use of previous computations.
Performance Evaluation of Cognitive Radio Network Based on 2-D Markov Chain
Authors: Islam Md. Imdadul , Rabbi Md. Fazlay , Khan Risala Tasin , Akhter Jesmin
Published: April 2024

The objective of cognitive radio network is to enhance the wireless network spectrum utilization. In such a network, two types of users are enlisted, namely primary user (PU) and secondary user (SU). The PU can access any channel in case of its availability, but SU users have lower priority and can access a channel only when it is unused by PUs. The performance of such a network solely depends on two traffic parameters: probability of false alarm and probability of misdetection. In this paper the performance of such a network is analyzed based on two dimensional Markov chain including those parameters. The main contribution of this paper is to evaluate blocking probability and PU and SU throughput using the state transition chain instead of existing statistical analysis.
Historical Perspectives of Development of Antique Analog Telephone Systems
Authors: Patil Vinayak L.
Published: April 2024

Long distance voice communication has been always of great interest to human beings. His untiring efforts and intuition from many years together was responsible for making it to happen to a such advanced stage today. This paper describes the development time line of antique telephone systems, which starts from the year 1854 and begins with the very early effort of Antonio Meucci and Alexander Graham Bell and ends up to the telephone systems just before digitization of entire telecommunication systems. The progress of development of entire antique telephone systems is highlighted in this paper. The coverage is limited to only analog voice communication in a narrow band related to human voice.
Intrusion Detection in Heterogeneous Networks of Resource-Limited Things
Authors: Kozakiewicz Adam , Lasota Krzysztof , Marks Michał
Published: April 2024

The paper discusses the threats to networks of resource-limited things such as wireless sensors and the different mechanisms used to deal with them. A novel approach to threat detection is proposed. MOTHON is a movementassisted threat detection system using mobility to enhance a global threat assessment and provide a separate physical secure channel to deliver collected information.
QoS Requirements as Factor of Trust to 5G Network
Authors: Tikhvinskiy Valery O. , Bochechka Grigory , Gryazev Andrey
Published: April 2024

Trust to modern telecommunications networks plays an important role as a driver of technological and market success of any technology or telecommunication services. Most of the technological approaches to this problem are focused only on network security and do not include such a factor as the quality of service (QoS), which also plays an important role in the formation of trust both from the consumers and the regulator. The future 5G mobile technology will be the engine of development of telecommunications until 2020 and the formation of trust to the 5G networks is one of the main tasks for developers. The authors present the view on the trust to 5G networks in the plane of QoS requirements formation and QoS management. QoS requirements to 5 G networks were determined on the basis of three main business models of services: xMBB, M-MTC and U-MTC and the need to ensure user trust to networks. Infrastructure requirements for QoS control and spectrum management network entities which are based on Network Function Virtualization (NFV) principles have been formed.
100 Gb/s Data Link Layer - from a Simulation to FPGA Implementation
Authors: Łopaciński Łukasz , Brzozowski Marcin , Kraemer Rolf , Buechner Steffen , Nolte Jörg
Published: April 2024

In this paper, a simulation and hardware implementation of a data link layer for 100 Gb/s terahertz wireless communications is presented. In this solution the overhead of protocols and coding should be reduced to a minimum. This is especially important for high-speed networks, where a small degradation of efficiency will lower the user data throughput by several gigabytes per second. The following aspects are explained: an acknowledge frame compression, the optimal frame segmentation and aggregation, Reed-Solomon forward error correction, an algorithm to control the transmitted data redundancy (link adaptation), and FPGA implementation of a demonstrator. The most important conclusion is that changing the segment size influences the uncoded transmissions mostly, and the FPGA memory footprint can be significantly reduced when the hybrid automatic repeat request type II is replaced by the type I with a link adaptation. Additionally, an algorithm for controlling the Reed-Solomon redundancy is presented. Hardware implementation is demonstrated, and the device achieves net data rate of 97 Gb/s.
Monetary Fair Battery-based Load Hiding Scheme for Multiple Households in Automatic Meter Reading System
Authors: Negishi Ryota , Haruta Shuichiro , Inamura Chihiro , Toyoda Kentaroh , Sasase Iwao
Published: April 2024

Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) system is expected to be used for real time load monitoring to optimize power generation and energy efficiency. Recently, it has been a serious problem that user’s lifestyle may be revealed by a tool to estimate consumer’s lifestyle from a real-time load profile. In order to solve this issue, Battery-based Load Hiding ( BLH ) algorithms are proposed to obfuscate an actual load profile by charging and discharging. Although such BLH algorithms have already been studied, it is important to consider multiple households case where one battery is shared among them due to its high cost. In this paper, a monetary fair BLH algorithm for multiple households is proposed. In presented scheme, the core unit calculates the difference between the charged amount and discharged one for each household. If the difference is bigger than the predefined threshold (monetary unfair occurs), the most disadvantageous and advantageous households are given priority to discharge and charge the battery and other households should charge to achieve monetary fairness. The efficiency of the scheme is demonstrated through the computer simulation with a real dataset.
A Novel GPU-Enabled Simulator for Large Scale Spiking Neural Networks
Authors: Szynkiewicz Paweł
Published: April 2024

The understanding of the structural and dynamic complexity of neural networks is greatly facilitated by computer simulations. An ongoing challenge for simulating realistic models is, however, computational speed. In this paper a framework for modeling and parallel simulation of biological-inspired large scale spiking neural networks on high-performance graphics processors is described. This tool is implemented in the OpenCL programming technology. It enables simulation study with three models: Integrate-andfire, Hodgkin-Huxley and Izhikevich neuron model. The results of extensive simulations are provided to illustrate the operation and performance of the presented software framework. The particular attention is focused on the computational speed-up factor.
Forecasting Stock Price using Wavelet Neural Network Optimized by Directed Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
Authors: Khuat Thanh Tung , Le Quang Chanh , Nguyen Bich Loan , Le My Hanh
Published: April 2024

Stock prediction with data mining techniques is one of the most important issues in finance. This field has attracted great scientific interest and has become a crucial research area to provide a more precise prediction process. This study proposes an integrated approach where Haar wavelet transform and Artificial Neural Network optimized by Directed Artificial Bee Colony algorithm are combined for the stock price prediction. The proposed approach was tested on the historical price data collected from Yahoo Finance with different companies. Furthermore, the prediction result was found satisfactorily enough as a guide for traders and investors in making qualitative decisions.
Graph-based Forensic Analysis of Web Honeypot
Authors: Studiawan Hudan , Djanali Supeno , Pratomo Baskoro Adi
Published: April 2024

Honeypot still plays an important role in network security, especially in analyzing attack type and defining attacker patterns. Previous research has mainly focused on detecting attack pattern while categorization of type has not yet been-comprehensively discussed. Nowadays, the web application is the most common and popular way for users to gather information, but it also invites attackers to assault the system. Therefore, deployment of a web honeypot is important and its forensic analysis is urgently required. In this paper, authors propose attack type analysis from web honeypot log for forensic purposes. Every log is represented as a vertex in a graph. Then a custom agglomerative clustering to categorize attack type based on PHP-IDS rules is deployed. A visualization of large graphs is also provided since the actual logs contain tens of thousands of rows of records. The experimental results show that the proposed model can help forensic investigators examine a web honeypot log more precisely.
Similarity Index based Link Prediction Algorithms in Social Networks: A Survey
Authors: Srilatha Pulipati , Manjula Ramakrishnan
Published: April 2024

Social networking sites have gained much popularity in the recent years. With millions of people connected virtually generate loads of data to be analyzed to infer meaningful associations among links. Link prediction algorithm is one such problem, wherein existing nodes, links and their attributes are analyzed to predict the possibility of potential links, which are likely to happen over a period of time. In this survey, the local structure based link prediction algorithms existing in literature with their features and also the possibility of future research directions is reported and discussed. This survey serves as a starting point for beginners interested in understanding link prediction or similarity index algorithms in general and local structure based link prediction algorithms in particular.
Comparison of Selected Fair-optimization Methods for Flow Maximization between Given Pairs of Nodes in Telecommunications Network
Authors: Zalewski Grzegorz , Ogryczak Włodzimierz
Published: April 2024

Dimensioning of telecommunications networks requires the allocation of the ows (bandwidth) to given trac demands for the source-destination pairs of nodes. Unit ow allocated to the given demand is associated with revenue that may vary for dierent demands. Problem the decision-making basic algorithms to maximize the total revenue may lead to the solutions that are unacceptable, due to "starvation" or "locking" of some demand paths less attractive with respect to the total revenue. Therefore, the fair optimization approaches must be applied. In this paper, two fair optimization methods are analyzed: the method of ordered weighted average (OWA) and the reference point method (RPM). The study assumes that ows can be bifurcated thus realized in multiple path schemes. To implement optimization model the AMPL was used with general-purpose linear programming solvers. As an example of the data, the Polish backbone network was used.
Heavy Gas Cloud Boundary Estimation and Tracking using Mobile Sensors
Authors: Krzysztoń Mateusz , Niewiadomska-Szynkiewicz Ewa
Published: April 2024

This paper addresses issues concerned with design and managing of monitoring systems comprised of mobile wireless sensing devices (MANETs). The authors focus on self-organizing, cooperative and coherent networks that maintain a continuous communication with a central operator and adopt to changes in an unknown environment to achieve a given goal. The attention is focused on the development of MANET for heavy gas clouds detection and its boundary estimating and tracking. Two strategies for constructing the MANET are described, in which sensors explore the region of interest to detect the gas cloud, create temporary network topology and finally, cover the cloud boundary, and track the moving cloud. The utility and efficiency of the proposed strategies has been justified through simulation experiments.
Stackelberg Security Games: Models, Applications and Computational Aspects
Authors: Wilczyński Andrzej , Jakóbik (Krok) Agnieszka , Jakóbik (Krok) Agnieszka , Kołodziej Joanna
Published: April 2024

Stackelberg games are non-symmetric games where one player or specified group of players have the privilege position and make decision before the other players. Such games are used in telecommunication and computational systems for supporting administrative decisions. Recently Stackleberg games became useful also in the systems where security issues are the crucial decision criteria. In this paper authors briefly survey the most popular Stackelberg security game models and provide the analysis of the model properties illustrated in the realistic use cases.
Traffic Engineering in Software Defined Networks: A Survey
Authors: Abbasi Mohammad Reza , Guleria Ajay , Devi Mandalika S.
Published: April 2024

An important technique to optimize a network and improve network robustness is traffic engineering. As traffic demand increases, traffic engineering can reduce service degradation and failure in the network. To allow a network to adapt to changes in the traffic pattern, the research community proposed several traffic engineering techniques for the traditional networking architecture. However, the traditional network architecture is difficult to manage. Software Defined Networking (SDN) is a new networking model, which decouples the control plane and data plane of the networking devices. It promises to simplify network management, introduces network programmability, and provides a global view of network state. To exploit the potential of SDN, new traffic engineering methods are required. This paper surveys the state of the art in traffic engineering techniques with an emphasis on traffic engineering for SDN. It focuses on some of the traffic engineering methods for the traditional network architecture and the lessons that can be learned from them for better traffic engineering methods for SDN-based networks. This paper also explores the research challenges and future directions for SDN traffic engineering solutions.
Long-term Absolute Wavelength Stability of Acetylene-stabilized Reference Laser at 1533 nm
Authors: Kossek Tomasz , Czułek Dariusz , Koba Marcin
Published: April 2024

The second harmonic generation process in Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate (PPLN) has been applied in order to measure frequency of reference laser locked to acetylene absorption peak 12C2H2 (P13) (1533 nm) against optical frequency synthesizer. The measurement results have been compared to the results obtained using different techniques for the same reference laser during the past 10 years in other laboratories.
Compensation of Fading Channels Using Partial Combining Equalizer in MC-CDMA Systems
Authors: Zidane Mohammed , Safi Said , Sabri Mohamed
Published: April 2024

In this paper the performance of a partial combining equalizer for Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) systems is analytically and numerically evaluated. In the part of channel identification, authors propose a blind algorithm based on Higher Order Cumulants (HOC) for identifying the parameters representing the indoor scenario of Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN A) channel model normalized for MC-CDMA systems. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results, in noisy environment and for different Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithm in the one hand, and the other hand the impact of partial combining equalizer on the performance of MC-CDMA systems.
Design Exploration of AES Accelerators on FPGAs and GPUs
Authors: Conti Vincenzo , Vitabile Salvatore
Published: April 2024

The embedded systems are increasingly becoming a key technological component of all kinds of complex technical systems and an exhaustive analysis of the state of the art of all current performance with respect to architectures, design methodologies, test and applications could be very interesting. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), based on the well-known algorithm Rijndael, is designed to be easily implemented in hardware and software platforms. General purpose computing on graphics processing unit (GPGPU) is an alternative to reconfigurable accelerators based on FPGA devices. This paper presents a direct comparison between FPGA and GPU used as accelerators for the AES cipher. The results achieved on both platforms and their analysis has been compared to several others in order to establish which device is best at playing the role of hardware accelerator by each solution showing interesting considerations in terms of throughput, speedup factor, and resource usage. This analysis suggests that, while hardware design on FPGA remains the natural choice for consumer-product design, GPUs are nowadays the preferable choice for PC based accelerators, especially when the processing routines are highly parallelizable.
A Queue Monitoring System in OpenFlow Software Defined Networks
Authors: Rowshanrad Shiva , Namvarasl Sahar , Keshtgari Manijeh
Published: April 2024

Real-time trac characteristic is dierent and it is very sensitive to delay. To meet trac specications in real time, monitoring systems are used as an important part of networking. Many monitoring systems are deployed to have an update view of the network QoS parameters and performance. Most of these systems are implemented to measure QoS parameters in links. Here, in this paper, a system for monitoring queues in each link by means of Software Defined Networks is proposed. The monitoring system is implemented by extending Floodlight controller, which uses OpenFlow as southbound protocol. The controller has a centralized view of the network. By the help of OpenFlow it also can provide flow level statistics. Using these advantages, the proposed system can monitor delay and available bandwidth of a queue on a link or path. Despite of monitoring systems in traditional networks, the proposed monitoring system makes a low overhead in network thanks to OpenFlow protocol messages. It is also integrated into the network controller, which enables QoS and trac engineering applications to use the system's reports for automatic trac management and QoS setup. The experimental results show a 99% accuracy of the proposed system for monitoring of both bandwidth and delay.
Sensor Hop-based Energy Efficient Networking Approach for Routing in Underwater Acoustic Communication
Authors: Kohli Sheena , Bhattacharya Partha Pratim
Published: April 2024

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks are deployed to explore the world under the water, measure different parameters and communicate the data to the surface, in the widespread applications. The main operating technology of these networks is the acoustic communication. The communication among the sensors and finally to the surface station requires a routing protocol. The sensors being battery limited and unfeasible to be replaced under the water requires an energy efficient routing protocol. Clustering imparted in routing is an energy saving technique in sensor networks. The routing may involve single or multi hop communication in the sensor networks. The paper gives a comparative study of the benchmark protocol multi-hop LEACH with the proposed Sensor Hop-based Energy Efficient Networking Approach (SHEENA) for the shallow as well as deep water in three dimensional Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. The network energy model for the Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks is based among the different acoustic channel characteristics. The proposed approach is found to give better response.
Energy Efficient Scheduling Methods for Computational Grids and Clouds
Authors: Jakóbik (Krok) Agnieszka , Grzonka Daniel , Kołodziej Joanna , Chis Adriana E. , Gonzalez- ´Velez Horacio
Published: April 2024

This paper presents an overview of techniques developed to improve energy efficiency of grid and cloud computing. Power consumption models and energy usage proles are presented together with energy efficiency measuring methods. Modeling of computing dynamics is discussed from the viewpoint of system identication theory, indicating basic experiment design problems and challenges. Novel approaches to cluster and network-wide energy usage optimization are surveyed, including multi-level power and software control systems, energy-aware task scheduling, resource allocation algorithms and frameworks for backbone networks management. Software-development techniques and tools are also presented as a new promising way to reduce power consumption at the computing node level. Finally, energy-aware control mechanisms are presented. In addition, this paper introduces the example of batch scheduler based on ETC matrix approach.
Designing an Experimental Device for Swinging Excitation Spray Cooling
Authors: Huang Long , Wang Yujiao
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we introduce the design principle of the oscillating excited spray cooling experimental device. We then designed an oscillating excited spray cooling experimental device. By using the device, the swaying motion can be realized through the control system, and the motion of the droplet under different vibration frequencies can be observed. By measuring the liquid flow rate and pressure, the changes in liquid flow rate, pressure, and temperature with time under different vibration frequencies were studied. The trajectory of the droplet and the temperature distribution of the droplet under different vibration frequencies could be observed. The device has a simple structure, is easy to control, and can achieve continuous observation of the spray cooling process.
BeFOI: A Novel Method Based on Conditional Diffusion Model for Medical Image Denoising
Authors: Hu Huijie , Huang Zhen
Published: April 2024

The progress in medical imaging technology highlights the importance of image quality for effective diagnosis and treatment. Yet, noise during capture and transmission can compromise image accuracy and reliability, complicating clinical decisions. The rising interest in diffusion models has led to their exploration of denoising images. We present Be-FOI (Better Fluoro Images), a weakly supervised model that uses cine images to denoise fluoroscopic images, both DR types. Trained through precise noise estimation and simulation, BeFOI employs Markov chains to denoise using only the fluoroscopic image as guidance. Our tests show that BeFOI outperforms other methods, reducing noise and enhancing clarity and diagnostic utility, making it an effective post-processing tool for medical images.
Enfermedad de Hansen: manifestaciones nanosinusales
Authors: German Montenegro Paula Melissa , Palacios Nuñez Washington Fabricio , Salinas Salinas Dayana Valeria , Liger Aldás Stephano Mateo
Published: April 2024

La enfermedad de Hansen, también conocida como lepra, es una enfermedad crónica causada por la bacteria Mycobacterium leprae, que afecta principalmente la piel y los nervios periféricos. Sin embargo, se ha observado que también puede afectar los senos paranasales, dando lugar a manifestaciones nanosinusales. Estas manifestaciones incluyen síntomas como congestión nasal, rinorrea, dolor facial y cefalea, que pueden ser difíciles de distinguir de otras enfermedades sinusales. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science utilizando términos de búsqueda relacionados con la enfermedad de Hansen y las manifestaciones sinusales, como "lepra", "enfermedad de Hansen", "manifestaciones sinusales", "rinosinusitis", entre otros. Se incluyeron estudios en inglés y español, sin restricciones de fecha de publicación. Se seleccionaron estudios clínicos, revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis relevantes para su inclusión en esta revisión. Las manifestaciones nanosinusales en la enfermedad de Hansen son un aspecto poco explorado pero relevante de esta enfermedad. Estas manifestaciones implican la afectación de los nervios periféricos que inervan los senos paranasales, lo que puede resultar en una serie de síntomas que afectan la calidad de vida de los pacientes. La obstrucción nasal crónica, la secreción nasal persistente, la pérdida del sentido del olfato e incluso la aparición de úlceras nasales son algunas de las presentaciones clínicas observadas. Estos síntomas pueden ser pasados por alto o atribuidos a otras causas, lo que puede retrasar el diagnóstico y el tratamiento adecuado de la enfermedad.