bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Optical Properties of CdS/PVK Nanocomposites Based on CdS Nanorod Arrays
Authors: Jiang Yu Jiao , Zhong Guo Lun , Chen Fei
Published: December 2011

Well-defined CdS nanorod arrays were pepared via a facile one-step hydrothermal approach and Poly (N-vinyl carbazole) (PVK)/CdS nanocomposites were fabricated by spin-coating chloroform solution of PVK on the surface of CdS film. A variety of techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical absorption and photoluminescence (PL) were employed to investigate the surface morphology and optical properties of PVK/CdS nanocomposites. Photoluminescence efficiency of nanocomposites decreases compared to pure PVK and CdS nanorod arrays due to quenching through high photocharge generation quantum efficiency and high charge transport between inorganic semiconductor and conducting polymer.
Influence of Ion Current Density on the Surface Morphology of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Irradiated by High-Intensity Pulsed Ion Beam
Authors: Li Peng , Wang Y.X. , Xue L.
Published: December 2011

HIPIB irradiation into AZ31 magnesium alloy is performed at ion current density of 100-300 A/cm2 with 1 shot. The surface morphologies and surface profiles of the irradiated AZ31 magnesium alloy samples are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and profilometer, respectively. It is found that HIPIB irradiation leads to the formation of crater in local region of irradiated samples, and crater density increases with increasing ion current density. Both the surface roughness that reflects the vertical wave of surface profile and the mean spacing of surface profile irregularities that reflects the horizontal wave of surface profile increase as ion current density increases. These results are in agreement with the SEM observation on the irradiated surface.
Effect of Calcium Salts of Aliphatic Dicarboxylic Acids on the Formation of β Crystalline Form in Isotactic Poly(Propylene)
Authors: Dou Qiang
Published: December 2011

The effects of calcium salts of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids on the polymorphism of iPP have been investigated by means of WAXD, DSC and PLM. It is found that β crystalline form content and nucleation ability of the nucleated iPP are dependent on the carboatomic numbers of the acids. Calcium salts of malonic acid, glutaric acid, pimelic acid and suberic acid are good β nucleators. Calcium salts of succinic acid and adipic acid are α nucleators. Calcium salts of acids with carboatomic numbers of 5 to 8 are good nucleators. The β spherulite size is the smallest in iPP doped with calcium pimelate.
Synthesis and Properties of Organosoluble and Transparent Fluorinated Aromatic Polyimides
Authors: Lu Yun Hua , Hu Zhi Zhi , Wang Yong Fei , Fang Qing Xu
Published: December 2011

In this paper, we mainly investigated the properties of fluorinated polyimides film materials. Two aromatic dianhydrides, PMDA and ODPA were poly-condensed with four fluorinated diamines to prepare fluorinated polyimides by the two-step thermal imidization process. The properties of these polyimides were characterized by IR, TGA and UV-vis instrument. The organosolublility of these polyimides was tested in various organic solvents, such as NMP, DMF, DMAc. In addition, the effect of monomers’ molecular structure on the optical, soluble and thermal properties of these polyimides was also studied.
Synthesis and Characterization of Spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.3Ti0.2O4
Authors: Liu Guo Qiang , Wang Xi , Liu Guang Yin , Ma Bei Yue
Published: December 2011

Pure spinel phase LiNi0.5Mn1.3Ti0.2O4 is synthesized. A mixture of LiAc•2H2O, Mn(Ac)2•2H2O, Ni(Ac)2•4H2O and Ti(OCH3)4 is used as starting material. Ethanol and citric acid are also added. The calcining process is carried out at 900 °C for 4 h. It is then followed by a thermostatic process at 600 °C for 6 h. XRD analyses indicate that the product LiNi0.5Mn1.3Ti0.2O4 is formed with F3dm structure. The SEM image shows that the particle sizes of product LiNi0.5Mn1.3Ti0.2O4 are 0.5-2 um. It exhibites excellent electrochemical performance. The discharge capacity of product cycled at 1 C (148 mA g−1) rate is about 130.2 mAh g−1 in the voltage range 3.5–4.9 V (versus Li+/Li) and the capacity retention is about 97% at the 50th cycle.
Particle Morphology and Electrochemical Performance of LiFePO4 Synthesized via Hydrothermal Process at 200°C
Authors: Zhang Lin Jing , Wu Bo Rong , Li Ning , Wu Feng
Published: December 2011

LiFePO4powders were synthesized from LiOH•H2O, FeSO4•7H2O, and H3PO4 via the hydrothermal process at 200。C . The particle sizes, morphology and electrochemical performance of the as-synthesized LiFePO4particles varied from the pH value, reaction time and solution concentration of the precursor. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and galvaostdtic charge-discharge tests. The results indicated that the samples with carbon coating after reacting at pH value of 9 for 4h exhibited good rate capability, which had small particle size and plate-like morphology.
Adsorption of Thiophene Out of Model Gasoline Using Metal Ion-Exchanged Zeolite
Authors: Xue Mei , Liu Fen Rong , Liu Huan
Published: December 2011

Adsorptions of organic sulfur compounds thiophene was carried out using metal ion-exchanged Y-zeolites. Na-Yzeolites exchanged with Ag+, La3+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Bi3+ions were prepared by liquid ion exchange method. Ag+and La3+ions modified Yzeolites showed markedly high adsorptive capacities for Thiophene. The sulfur uptake increased in the order of Bi-Yzeolite < Ni-Yzeolite < CuY-zeolite < AgY-zeolite < LaY-zeolite for thiophene. The mole ratios of TP/Ag and TP/La were 0.098 and 0.071, respectively.
A Study of the Adsorption and Diffusion Behavior of a Single Polydimethylsiloxane Chain on a Silicon Surface by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Li Jian Quan , Mu Dan
Published: December 2011

The adsorption and diffusion of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with different chain lengths on a silicon (111) surface were studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The relative dielectric constant was selected to be 1 to mimic a vacuum. The chains were all present as two dimensional (2D) adsorption conformation on the surface but different conformations and dynamic properties were found in the two absolutely different environments. The relationship between the adsorption energy of the different chain lengths and the degree of polymerization follows a linear function and the average adsorption energy per segment is -0.42 kcal/mol. In addition, the diffusion coefficient (D) of these chains scales with the degree of polymerization (N) as N-3/2.
The Influence of Amount of Wood Fiber on New Flame-Retardant Melamine-Urea-Formaldehyde (MUF) Composite Foam
Authors: Ma Yu Feng , Zhang Wei , Li Ling , Zhang Ming Ming , Cheng Zeng Hui , Wang Chun Peng , Chu Fu Xiang
Published: December 2011

New composite foams were prepared by co-foaming of Melamine-Urea-Formaldehyde (MUF) resin and wood fiber in the closed mould at 70°C. The effects of amount of wood fiber on mechanical properties, brittleness, flame-retardant, insulation and microscopic structures of wood fiber-MUF foam were investigated. Results indicated that the flame-retardant properties increased, and the brittleness and mechanical properties decreased with the increase of the amount of wood fiber in composite foams. The addition of wood fiber resulted in more uniform cell size distribution and irregular cell shape, but had little effect on insulation properties.
Research on Oily Sludge Pyrolysis Residue to the Adsorption of Biologically Treated Oil-Field Wastewater
Authors: Wang Yu Shuang , Wu Chun Xu , Zhang Hong Tao , Chen Zhao Lin , Yuan Guo Qing , Xu Xuan , Xue Fang Qin
Published: December 2011

Economical and effective oily sludge pyrolysis residue was prepared, characterized with various techniques, and applied in the removal of COD in biologically treated oil-field wastewater. It was found that surface area of oily sludge pyrolysis residue was 223.62 m2 /g. The content of C and Al2O3 was 27.91% and 27.6%, respectively. Oily sludge pyrolysis residue contains carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl and other oxygen-containing acid functional groups. When the adsorption equilibrium time of oily sludge pyrolysis residue was 90min, pH of solution was 4, the best COD adsorption capacity was 59.5 mg/g. Adsorption of oily sludge pyrolysis residue is determined by its structure and composition. The Al2O3 may play a flocculation and sedimentation role in COD removal, which has a synergistic effect on adsorption. The adsorption of COD from biologically treated oil-field wastewater by oily sludge pyrolysis residue follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
Analysis of Tartary Buckwheat Flavonoids Using Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Li Xiao Lei , Li Dan
Published: December 2011

Four flavonoid compounds from the tartary buckwheat grains were purified by hydrated ethanol extraction and chromatography isolation. Their ion fragments and mass-to-charge ratios were obtained using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. The four flavonoids were identified as flavonols, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside-3'-O-β-glucopyranoside, rutin, kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, and quercetin.
Corrosion Behavior of Epoxy Coating/Carbon Steel System under the Wet-Dry Cycles
Authors: Zhang Xuan , An Bai Gang
Published: December 2011

In view of occasion that the coating/metal system served in atmosphere inevitably occurs the local degradation and thus results the exposure of metal, an electrochemical cell to simulate such system was built up. By using this cell, the corrosion behavior of epoxy coating/carbon steel system covered by a thin layer of electrolyte of 3wt% NaCl solution under the wet-dry cycles was investigated with using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electronic microscopy and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy. The results show that the corrosion rate of exposed steel reaches the largest value at the 4th wet-dry cycle and then gradually decreases, however, the corrosion rate of coated steel reaches maximum at the 6th cycle and then decreases slowly to a steady-state with cycles. Furthermore, the ions diffusion and migration between the open electrolyte layer covering on the exposed metal and the confined layer under the coating cause the corrosion products onto the exposed steel to present the layered ladder morphology from the centre of exposed steel to its periphery, however, the corrosion product formed under the coating has radial ripple morphology.
Study on the Subcellular Localization of GAPDH in Rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: Su Jing , Zhu Xiao Yuan
Published: December 2011

The glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is considered to be a housekeeping glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes an important energy-yielding step in carbohydrate metabolism in the cytoplasm. However, GAPDH participates in several other biological activities via the changes of its subcellular localization, which depends largely on the modifications of its catalytic active site Cys residue. In this study, we demonstrated that the active site mutation C154S induced the cytoplasmic accumulation of GAPDH, whereas the wild type was present mainly in the cytoplasm. However, the C-terminal truncated mutant of GAPC, GAPC△C-GFP was present mainly in nuclei in rice protoplast. The further interaction analysis indicated that the GAPC△C disrupted the dimeric GAPC formation, may thus, facilitating its nuclear localization. The result suggested that the nuclear translocation of GAPDH also depends on its oligomeric forms in rice.
Study on the Perfect Dislocation in Cd0.9Zn0.1Te Single Crystals by HRTEM
Authors: Sun Jie , Fu Li
Published: December 2011

Two types of 60° perfect dislocation in Cd0.9Zn0.1Te single crystals were observed by HRTEM. The Burger’s vector of the two dislocation were and respectively. With reasonable premise, the possible dissociation mechanisms of the two kinds of dislocations were supposed to be and . There are two kinds of the formation mechanisms, the first one is the accumulation of the point defects and the other kind of dislocation is the lattice gliding caused by the thermal stress.
Adsorption of Dyes from Acidic Wastewater by Crosslinked Chitosan Resin
Authors: Huang Zhong Hua , Zou Yan , Yuan Fang , Li Wei Jing , Pu Xue
Published: December 2011

A new low cost adsorbent crosslinked chitosan resin has been used to remove dyes from wastewater. The crosslinked chitosan resin was prepared using inverse suspension polymerization with methanal and epichlorhydrin (ECH) using pre-crosslinking and crosslinking techniques. As comparison, the adsoption ability of chitosan and activated carbon was also investigated.
Preparation and Flame Retardancy of Unsaturated Polyester Resin Containing P-Toluenesulfonate-Pillared Layered Double Hydroxide
Authors: Xie Xiang Li , Wang Lin Jiang , Zhang Guo Wei
Published: December 2011

The p-toluene sulfonate- pillared layered double hydroxide(PTS-LDH) was synthesized by co-precipitation method, unsaturated polyester resin/ PTS-LDH composites were prepared by solution blending and solidifying. The X-ray diffraction was used to characterize the structure of the composites. The thermal stability and fire properties of composites have been studied by thermo- gravimetric analysis, limit oxygen index and UL94 burning test. The results show that the interlayer space of original LDH was 0.775nm, which was increased to 1.73nm for PTS-LDH and 2.077 nm for unsaturated polyester resin/ PTS-LDH composite. The addition of PTS-LDH improved the flame retardancy of unsaturated polyester resin. Limit oxygen index of unsaturated polyester resin/ PTS-LDH composite was increased to 23.30 % from 21% of the pure resin, the char residue rate increased by 3.7% and the speed of horizontal burning was decreased by 20.24%. The vertical burning test (UL-94) results indicated that the materials achieved V-2 grade.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of X80/X100 High Deformability Pipeline Steel
Authors: Xia Dian Xiu , Meng De Liang , An Shou Yong , Kang Yong Lin
Published: December 2011

In the present study, X80 and X100 grade high deformability pipeline steels have been processed by using TMCP and followed two-stage cooling process. The microstructures of the X80HD (HD, high deformability) and X100HD steels were both characterized by ferrite-bainite dual phase. The grains sizes of ferrite were mostly less than 5μm and the volume fractions were about 20~25% in X80HD and 10~15% in X100HD steel. The bainite structure in X80HD steel was granular bainite (GB); while in X100HD steel large amounts of lath bainite (LB) were also formed besides GB, and bainite grains were much finer. Ferrite-bainite dual phase microstructure has large strain hardenability that resulting high strength and high deformability combination. Both the steels exhibit high strength/toughness in transverse direction and high deformability in longitudinal direction. The X100HD steel with more volume of LB and less volume of PF has higher strength but lower deformability than that of X80HD steel.
Determination of Optimal Coiling Temperature and Cold Reduction Ratio of 260MPa Grade High Strength Nb-IF Steel
Authors: Wang Min Li , Zheng Zhi Wang , Xiao Li
Published: December 2011

Hot rolled 260MPa grade high strength Nb-IF steel sheet was used to study the effect of coiling temperature and cold reduction ratio on the microstructures and mechanical properties. The experimental results showed that the recrystallization has finished. Under 650°Ccoiling temperature and 75% cold reduction ratio, and under 600°C or 700°C coiling temperature and 65% cold reduction ratio, the plastic strain ratio r value and the strain hardening exponent n value were reached the maximum, and respectively, the r value was approximate 1.8, the n value was approximate 0.26. That obtains optimally match of high strength and punching property.
Effects of Zn(OH)2 on Corrosion Behavior of Hot Dipped Zn Coating in Freshwater
Authors: Sun Hu Yuan , Zang Bei Ni , Liu Shuan , Sun Li Juan , Fan Hui Ji
Published: December 2011

The corrosion behavior of hot dipped Zn coating in freshwater with and without Zn(OH)2 was investigated through weight loss test, polarization curve and impedance spectroscopy. The morphology of the corroded hot dipped Zn coating was analyzed by SEM, meanwhile, the effect of Cl- on corrosion behavior of hot dipped Zn coating in saturated Zn(OH)2 solution was examined using polarization curve. It was found that corrosion product Zn(OH)2 accelerate the corrosion of coating, Cl- promoted dissolution of anodic coating and incrSubscript texteased the conductance of the solution, and the worst corrosion resistance of coating is Cl-concentration of 1%.
Experimental Investigation on the Lipid-Lowering Activity of Three Novel Antilipidemic Materials In Vitro
Authors: Tan Si Rong , Wu Si Hui , Gao Bing , Xiao Jun Rui , Guo Zi Yue , Long Si Yun , Bai Yan , Su Zheng Quan
Published: December 2011

Chitosan is a new kind of material in life-science, it can be used in lipid-lowering. Chitosan microspheres (CTS-MP) were prepared by spray-drying, chitosan nanoparticles (CTS-NP) and chitosan-capsaicin microspheres (CTS-CAP-MP) were prepared by ionic gelation process. The effect of these samples on lowering lipids was evaluated by measuring its’ binding capacities with lipids under the conditions mimicking the gastrointestinal tract in vitro. Also, the particle sizes of chitosan preparations were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle size analyzer. The results showed that the lipids-binding capacities of CTS-MP and CTS-NP were far more higher than that of CTS and CTS-CAP-MP. In conclusion, CTS-MP and CTS-NP will be better fat-lowing food additives to replace chitosan. The mechanism of lipids-binding in vitro is not only physical adsorption. Particle size is not the determinant factor, electrostatic action is maybe another factor of lipids-binding.
Microstructure, Properties and Work Hardening Behavior of High Strength Cold Rolled Dual-Phase Steel
Authors: Zhao Zheng Zhi , Wang Zhi Gang , Zhao Ai Min , Ye Jie Yun
Published: December 2011

Two kinds of high strength cold rolled dual-phase steel with different Si content were trial-produced in the laboratory. Tensile strength and elongation of the two steels exceed 1000MPa and 15%, respectively. The phase transformation behaviors of both steels were compared and investigated in continuous cooling process by thermal dilatometer. The effects of Si on the mechanical properties and microstructures of dual-phase steel were studied by tensile testing, OM and SEM observation. The results show that the two phase region (α+γ) is enlarged, the precipitation and growth of pro-eutectoid ferrite is promoted, and the morphology and distribution patterns of martensite are improved for high Si steel. Both steels show two-stage strain hardening characteristics. StageⅠ (ε<0.05), the solution of Si hinder the movement of dislocations, make the work hardening exponent of high Si steel is higher than that low Si steel. At stage Ⅱ (ε>0.05), the compatibility and delivery between hard phase and soft phase eliminate the differences between the two steels.
An Application of GA on Gas Lift Parameters Optimization
Authors: Wu Yan Qiang , Wu Xiao Dong , Sun Teng Fei , Tang Jing Fei
Published: December 2011

This paper has created a rapid optimum method to design the gas lift parameters. Optimal Containment Genetic Algorithm (OMSGA) is applied in this method to optimize the parameters such as mass flow rate(Q), volume of gas injection(Qin), injection pressure(Pin), tubing header pressure(Pt), tubing inside diameter(Dt). According to practical situation of gas lift production, the gas lift efficiency (η) is selected as the objective function, the suitable fitness function and value of operators of OMSGA are given, and reasonable convergence delay-independent conditions is set. Based on the intelligence and global quick search of GA and the convergence of OMSGA, the design parameters of gas lift can be globally optimized quickly and accurately. An example is taken to prove that the application of GA in the field of gas lift production is successful. This new optimization method based on GA can provide guide for field design.
Fabrication and Reaction Efficiency Evaluation of Nano/Micro Structure with Carbon Nanotubes for Micro Bio Analysis
Authors: Sameshima Tatsuya , Yabe Takuya , Yang Ming
Published: December 2011

In this study, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are anticipated as nano/micro structured reaction field for micro Bio-Analysis. CNTs reaction field were made on quartz glass substrate using chemical vapor deposition and Self-Organization of CNTs. To evaluate and reveal the optimal structure of CNTs structure, protein adsorption characteristics were evaluated by fluorescence and transmitting spectroscopy analysis. By fluorescence analysis, it is revealed that proteins tend to adsorb to tip of CNTs structure and finer structure. Finally, protein adsorption was detected as a change of transmissivity of CNTs reaction field, and its detection limit was about 100 nmol/l. Time for analysis was greatly shortened by using transmitting spectroscopy.
Data Mining for ERW Welded Tube Scheduling Rules Based on Decision Tree
Authors: Zhao Ning , Dong Shao Hua , Tian Qing
Published: December 2011

In order to optimize electric- arc welding （ERW） welded tube scheduling , the paper introduces data cleaning, data extraction and transformation in detail and defines the datasets of sample attribute, which is based on analysis of production process of ERW welded tube. Furthermore, Decision-Tree method is adopted to achieve data mining and summarize scheduling rules which are validated by an example.
CMA Blind Multiuser Detector Based on FLOS in Impulse Noise
Authors: Zhang Xu Xiu , Huang Chang An
Published: December 2011

Blind multiuser detector can suppress the MAI(multiple address interference) effectively. Gaussian channel noise is assumed in the traditional methods, but the non-Gaussian channel noise is more realistic. This paper proposes a new CMA(Constant Modulus Algorithm) criterion employing FLOS(fractional lower-order statistic). Theoretical analyses and the computer simulations indicate that the associated FLOS-CMA blind MUD(MultiUser Detection) method,based on a stochastic gradient descent algorithm has a good performance in BER(bit error rate). The traditional MUD algorithm is the special case of this algorithm.
Effects of Holding Time and Temperature on Sr Content of Mg-Sr Master Alloys Produced by Metallothermic Reduction of SrO
Authors: Yang Ming Bo , Li Hui , Zhang Wei , Zhou Tao
Published: December 2011

In the paper, the effects of the holding time and temperature on Sr content of the Mg-Sr master alloys produced by the metallothermic reduction of SrO into magnesium melt were investigated. The results preliminarily indicated that effects of the holding time and temperature on the Sr content of the Mg-Sr master alloys produced by the metallothermic reduction of SrO into magnesium melt were relatively obvious. For a given experimental conditions: magnesium melt of ~10 kg and powder flow rate to carrier gas flow rate ratio of 20 g SrO/min / 15 L Ar/min, with the increasing of holding time from 30min to 150 min at 800 °C or holding temperature from 700°C to 850 °C for 90 min, the Sr content of the Mg-Sr master alloy increased gradually. Obviously, the long holding time or high holding temperature was beneficial to produce Mg-Sr master alloys with high Sr content by the metallothermic reduction of SrO into magnesium melt.
Exoskeleton Device for Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients Using SEMG during Isometric Contraction
Authors: Kumar Neelesh , Singh Davinder Pal , Pankaj Dinesh , Soni Sanjeev , Kumar Amod
Published: December 2011

Robots are becoming more interactive and assisting to human beings day by day. They are serving humanity in the fields of industry, defense and medicine. Exoskeletons are also devices that reside in category of wearable robotics. An exoskeleton is an external structural mechanism with joints and links corresponding to those of the human body. With applications in rehabilitation medicine and virtual reality simulation, exoskeletons offer benefits for both disabled and healthy populations. Exoskeletons can be used as a capability magnifier or assisting device. This paper presents a proposed design for smart active exoskeleton for lower limbs. This proposed exoskeleton design not only assist a person but also tries to improve its GAIT. The twin wearable legs are powered by Actuators, all controlled by a microprocessor. The simulation results of the control mechanism shows its smart capabilities. In addition, the processor based control produces a more natural muscle like activity and as such can be considered a soft and bio-mimetic actuation system. This capacity to “replicate” the function of natural muscle and inherent safety is extremely important when working in close proximity to humans. The integration of the components sections and testing of the performance will also be considered to show how the structure and actuators can be combined to produce the various systems needed for a highly flexible/low weight clinically viable rehabilitation exoskeleton.
Study on the Vector Control of PMSM Based on a New Controller
Authors: Xiao Wen Ying , Pu Qing Yun
Published: December 2011

Based on anglicizing characteristics of the proportional resonance controller (resonant, PR), against the defects of the PR controller, combined with permanent magnet synchronous motor mathematical model, a rotor flux oriented vector control strategy based on a novel improve the PR controller is introduced. Finally, MATLAB /simulink was used to simulate the model above. The system got good dynamic and static responses, verifying the correctness and feasibility of the proposed method.
The Choice of the Rural Old-Age Care in Modern China
Authors: Zhong Jian Hua
Published: December 2011

The key and difficulty of Old-age care in China are in rural areas, so executing a proper old-age care mode will function well to solve the problem of that among our farmers. As China is at the primary stage of socialism, it determines that the new mode of farmer old-age care is to implement the policy of "the government, families, individuals, society." It should be striving to emancipate the mind and renew ideas to actively promote the modernization that makes the industrialization and urbanization as the core and deepen rural reform and strengthen institutional innovation to develop rural education to improve farmers’ quality. That to implement the new mode of rural old-age care creates a new situation in this area.
Simulation of Location of TCSC and UPFC in Fourteen Bus System Using Matlab / Simulink
Authors: Selvarasu R. , Rajan C.Christober Asir
Published: December 2011

This paper presents the modeling and simulation of 14-bus system using TCSC and UPFC. Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) and Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) are included in 14-bus system to improve the power quality of the power system. The voltage sag is created by adding an extra load at the receiving end. This sag is compensated by using FACTS devices like TCSC and UPFC. Improvement in the voltage and power are presented using simulation studies.
An Analysis of Compressible Viscous Flows Around a Body Using Finite Element Method
Authors: Nasu Shoichi , Kawahara Mutsuto
Published: December 2011

The objective of this paper is an analysis of a body in a compressible viscous flow using the finite element method. Generally, when the fluid flow is analyzed, an incompressible viscous flow is often applied. However fluids have compressibility in actual phenomena. Therefore, the compressibility should be concerned in Computational Fluid Dynamics [CFD]. In this study, two kind of equation is applied to basic equations. One is compressible Navier-stokes equation, the other is incompressible Navier-stokes equation considering density variation. These analysis results of both equations are compared.
Speed Control of Hydrulic Motor System with Swashplate DC-Controlled Pump
Authors: Hussien Ayad Q. , Hamidi Amjed J.
Published: December 2011

A swash plate pump-controlled hydraulic motor system has been presented in this work. The flow rate of the hydraulic motor system and then the output speed could be controlled by adjusting the swash plate angle. Actuating the swash plate using DC servomotor could enhance dynamic performance of the pump, and then better improve the performance of overall hydraulic motor system. In this study, another speed control configuration has been introduced and the angular velocity of hydraulic motor has been controlled using both PI (proportional and integral) and FL (fuzzy logic) controllers.
A Gabor Filter Based Approach for Locating Faults in Distribution
Authors: Arvind Pratul , Maheshwari Rudra Prakash
Published: December 2011

Electric Power Distribution System is a complex network of electrical power system. Also, large number of lines on a distribution system experiences regular faults which lead to high value of current. Speedy and precise fault location plays a pivotal role in accelerating system restoration which is a need of modern day. Unlike transmission system which involves a simple connection, distribution system has a very complicated structure thereby making it a herculean task to design the network for computational analysis. In this paper, the authors have simulated IEEE 13- node distribution system using PSCAD which is an unbalanced system and current samples are generated at the substation end. Considering the application of signal processing tools to power systems a talk of modern day research, Gabor decomposition of the current samples are also presented which is utilised for locating all ten types of faults. It is kept in mind that Gabor transform has not been applied to current samples of distribution system as per the literature available till date.
A Robust Image Steganography Technique Using Dynamic Embedding with Two Least Significant Bits
Authors: Swain Gandharba , Lenka Saroj Kumar
Published: December 2011

In this paper we are proposing a new Image steganography technique for secure communication between sender and receiver. At the sender we follow two steps. In the first step we encrypt the secret information by blowfish algorithm and in second step we embed the cipher text in LSB minus one and LSB (least significant bit) locations of some of the selected pixels (bytes) of the carrier image. One pixel is 8 bits in 8-bit gray scale. The selection of the pixels is done by a dynamic evaluation function. Depending on the cipher text bits, the dynamic evaluation function decides on which pixels the different cipher text bits are to be embedded. At the receiver also two steps are followed, first the cipher bits are retrieved from the image from the said locations and then it is decrypted by using the blowfish algorithm to get the secret information. As the embedding byte locations are decided based on bits of the cipher text, so it is dynamic steganography. This approach provides two levels of security, one at the cryptography level and the other at the steganography level. The proposed technique is experimented through a large number of experiments.
Thermal Treatment Effects on Biopolymer Multilayered Thin Films
Authors: Vasconcellos F.C. , Bataglioli R.A. , Flores E.B. , Beppu Marisa Masumi
Published: December 2011

Sterilization is very important for the use of biomaterials in the medical field. This work describes the preparation of chitosan/carboxymethylcellulose thin films with the layer-by-layer deposition technique, and the investigation on the effects that thermal treatments have on them during sterilization. The influence of different heating and sterilization methods on the chemical and physical structure of biopolymer thin films composed of chitosan and carboxymethylcellulose was evaluated. Films were heated in an oven at specified temperatures or autoclaved and their characteristics analyzed with contact angle, profilometry, FTIR, anionic dye uptake and UV-Vis measurements. Results show that, depending on the heating conditions, these thin films may undergo the Maillard reaction that turns the films from being transparent to brownish in color. This reaction may lead to a decrease in the free hydroxyl groups of both carboxymethylcellulose and chitosan and free ammonium groups of chitosan - consequently leading to changes in hydrophilicity and wettability of the film. Temperature effects on the characteristics of the synthetic pre-layer coating composed of poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and poly (sodium 4-styrene-sulfonate) - used to provide a high cationic surface for the deposition of the biopolymer films - were also observed. These findings are of practical interest because biopolymer thin films find a great number of applications where sterilization is a must, such as clinical and medical applications and in the areas of materials science and biotechnology.
Study of the Effect of Frequency in Pulse Electrodeposition on Au-Ni from Cyanide-Citrate Electrolyte by the Aim of Design of Experiment
Authors: Moakhar R. Siavash , Imanieh I. , Ghorbani Mohammad , Dolati A.
Published: December 2011

The aim of this paper is to study the influence of frequency in pulse electrodeposition, on the current efficiency, Ni content and surface morphology of deposits from a novel cyanide-citrate electrolyte with 20 mM gold as KAu (CN)2 and 7 mM NiSO4, with the aim of design of experiment by respond surface method (RSM). Frequency was in the range of 1-200 Hz in constant average current density, temperature, and duty cycle of 7 mA/cm2, 59 ◦C and 55% respectively. Composition of the deposits was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Additionally, deposits were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). It was shown that from main effect plots, decreasing the level of frequency to 50 Hz resulted in an increase in Ni content of the deposits up to 1.5 %. Additionally, by increasing frequency up to 150 Hz, current efficiency increased to 60%. Besides, by decreasing frequency, grain size decreased. It was also shown that duty cycle and frequency have interaction effect on cathode efficiency. Furthermore, by using cyclic voltammetry techniques, Au-Ni electrodeposition from cyanide-citrate electrolyte has been scrutinized and categorized as a diffusion-control system.
Application of Genetic Algorithm in Numerical Solution of Analysis Model for Angular-Contact Ball Bearings
Authors: Shi Hao Hao , Zhang You Yun , Zhou Zhi , Wang Peng
Published: December 2011

In this paper, an angular contact ball bearing analysis model has been established based on Hertz contact theory. Solving nonlinear equations by improved genetic algorithm (IGA) and verified the effectiveness of the method through numerical experiment. The results proved that the adoption of IGA to solve the analysis model of angular contact ball bearing, can effectively resolve the problem of the Newton-Raphson method such as no convergence and need initial value, the calculation results is satisfied.
Design of a New Tool in Drilling Deep Steps Helly Hole
Authors: Wu Fu Jia , Cui Rui Qiang , Pang Jun Zhong , Li Zheng , Fu Ya Lin
Published: December 2011

In order to drill a deep steps hole with a big belly in hard-cutting material parts, a special boring cutter is designed by analyzing cutting technology of this kind of parts. On the basis of single-tube inner chipremoval ejector drill (SIED), a new tool radical movement mechanism is pulled by a wedge plate installed inside the tool rod at one end of the rod and plate is driven horizontally by a motor controlled by a numerical control device. A straight hole whose diameter is same as the minimum one of the steps holes is firstly machined by an entity drill. And then the tool is used to get the big belly hole in the middle of the straight hole and begin to move radically at the same time as axial feed just in the location of belly. The tool is retreated to the original position at the end of the big belly. Experiments show that this kind of tool can not only drill belly holes effectively but also improve the processing quality.
Development of Calculating Grinding Wheel-Profile Software Applied to the Sharping Grinder Machine
Authors: Chen Xiao Dong , Wang Hong Xi , Lao Qi Cheng
Published: December 2011

The grinding wheel-profile is mostly formed by adjusting the angle of cylindrical profile model when regrinding gear hob with the large helix flute. Repeat trial cutting is needed with this method, which results in low efficiency. In order to improve the efficiency of processing, a mathematical model of grinding wheel profile was establish in according to forming principle of the rake face of gear hob and accurately calculate grinding wheel-profile. A automatic programming system of calculating grinding wheel-profile and automatically generate NC code is developed with the developing tool of VC++.
Ultra-Precision Grinding Process and Experimental Research of the New Flotation Cushion
Authors: Liu Bo , Tu Xi , Zhang Xu Zhong , Zhang Jun An
Published: December 2011

A lapping and polishing technology of flotation cushion was studied and some improved equipments were carried out to polish flotation cushion with the structure of variable-section pressure equalizing groove. Main parameters of lapping and polishing (e.g. abrasive disk rotate speed, abrasive disk stress, abrasive category, abrasive grain diameter, slurry density and abrasive disk material) were changed to find out impact parameters of surface quality. Optimization parameters of lapping and polishing of cushion were gotten and mirror finish was achieved. Experiments show that the processed surface with this technology is pinch rolling and no scratch based on the optimization parameters.
Research on Measurement of Human Head Motion Attitude
Authors: Jia Pei Gang , Wang Shao Mei , Suo Xue Feng
Published: December 2011

For the people with disabilities, improper head posture may be harmful to their physical and mental health. This paper designed a sensor of 3D attitude to measure the human head position. The rang of angle, rate or displacement and other attitude information under the best condition can be obtained by analyzing the results of calculation. The information can be used to adjust the posture of the people with disabilities to a comfortable position. The experimental results show that the measurement accuracies of 3D attitude sensor are 0.08°, 0.03°and 0.05°respectively, which can meet the demand of measurement accuracy in engineering. This sensor is proved to be rapid, simple and practical.
Rectangle Spline Hob Error Analysis of Tooth Profile
Authors: Wang Jian Hua , Zhang Gang
Published: December 2011

This paper introduces a method for solving theoretical curve of rectangle spline hob by using the analytic method. The tooth profile and tooth profile envelope diagram have been simulated by using Matlab software, and the effects of numbers of hob cutting edges on the workpiece edges degrees errors has been analysed. Simulation results show that this method can select a reasonable number of groove according to the requirements of target accuracy, which can improve the design accuracy and design efficiency of the hob.
Virtual Workpiece Modeling for the Virtual Gear Measuring Center
Authors: Wang Jian Hua , Feng Hao , Bai Yu Ling
Published: December 2011

The architecture of VGMC was introduced, a virtual workpiece modeling methods and procedures was proposed, also the workpiece drawing in professional graphics software was transformed successfully into VGMC. It proves that the virtual wokpiece can be used in the virtual measurement, and the measurement software will be detected by virtual measurement using virtual wokpiece.
Study on the Control System of the Full-Automatic Plate Changing System on Offset Press Based on Microcontroller
Authors: Hou He Ping , Liu Kai , Zhang Hai Yan
Published: December 2011

According to the process theory of changing plate in offset printing, this paper proposes a automatic changing offset plate method which uses the microcontroller as the cybernetics core. Based on analyzing the process of changing-plate and control way, a hardware system which incorporate microcontroller is made and debugged. The result of debugging shows that the system can absolutely meet the work of changing-plate and it is stable, low cost and has good productive technology. It is capable of reducing a load to an operator and improving operation efficiency.
The Temperature Control System for the Fermentation Tank Based on Smith Predictor
Authors: Wang Ya Xiao , Zhao E , Wang Xiao Li
Published: December 2011

Abstract. For the complexity of the fermentation process, the paper adopts SPCE061A MCU to control the temperature of fermentation tank, and gives the hardware and software design methods for the system. Smith predictor is used in the design as compensation to the traditional PID control, which can overcome the effect of large lag and inertia on the stability of temperature control system and offer better robustness. So the quality of the system is greatly improved.
Implementation Study about the Software CNC System Based on Windows
Authors: Lei Li Qun , Wang Kun Qi , Han Ju
Published: December 2011

Real-time control method about all software CNC based on Windows was proposed in the paper, and the data transfer methods were given. The determination method of clock interrupt about software CNC and the enhancement of the interrupt level were given in the paper to meet the needs of the speed control and the interpolation operator. The resolves showed that the speed of the whole software CNC was significantly improved.
The Design of Actuating Cylinder Salt Spray Testing Device Based on Lab Windows/CVI and PLC Control
Authors: Luo Geng He , Wang Yu , Yu Bin Gao
Published: December 2011

The performance tests and the requirements of experiments on aircraft alighting gear actuating cylinder in the salt spray and hot and humid environment are presented in this paper, and the hydraulic system of experimental device is designed. The host computer software is developed by Lab Windows/CVI for actuating cylinder on test parameters settings, monitoring, and storage and record, The Siemens PLC are used at the sub-processors to control the salt spray experimental device. The field-test shows that the device control precision is higher to pressure, flow rate, and the parameters such as temperature, and it can realize the simulation for different salt spray and hot and humid environments. The test on aircraft landing gear by using actuating cylinder has a good human-computer interaction and communication function. The device is safe, reliable and it can reach the test requirements.
Study on Compliant Spring Based on Pseudo Rigid Body Model
Authors: Qiang Huai Bo , Wu Qiong , Xue Mei Ying
Published: December 2011

The precision of micromanipulator is affected by the characteristic of compliant spring. With consideration of nonlinearity and large deformation, the dynamic equation of compliant spring based on principle of Bernoulli-Euler equation and pseudo rigid body model are proposed in this paper. The relationships among property of load, displacement, curvature etc and geometrical parameter are analyzed. The stress equation of compliant spring is established. Experiments show that this model is correct and can be used to design precise micromanipulators efficiently.
Design of the PC-Based Open NC System for Engraving Machine
Authors: Zhu Yu Quan , Han Wei , Ma Bao Ji
Published: December 2011

An open motion control system of the engraving machine is developed. IPC and GE-300 motion control card constitute the main part of the hardware platform and windows system is used as the software development platform. Modularization programming technology is applied to design the software system of the machine to make programming easy. Based on the function and performance requirements of the engraving machine, the whole control system consists of initialization module, parameter setting module, coding module, manual processing module and inverter-motorized spindle module. The design philosophy and method of these modules are presented in this paper.
Design and Dynamic Simulating Analysis of Planet Gear Mechanism of Cap Screwing Machine
Authors: Zhao Mei Ning , Gan Jun Jie , Wang Fang
Published: December 2011

Planet gear mechanism is designed according to the planet gear action during the course of screw cap after working principle of the cap screwing machine is briefly introduced. The course of screw cap can be simulated by the dynamics simulation software ADAMS. The relation between rotational speed and the gearing-in force can be obtained. This provides the theoretical foundation for the improvement of seal quality in cap screwing machine.
An Experimental Study of Abrasive Waterjet for Deburring
Authors: Hou Zhi Min , Xia Wei , Deng Dong Hua , Wang Qing Hua
Published: December 2011

Deburring is a major bottleneck in manufacturing organizations. Burrs on the milled surface need to be removed and the surface quality must be maintained. Abrasive waterjet (AWJ) has been used in various operation for a wide range of materials. But no detailed investigations are known to be carried out on AWJ deburring. An orthogonal experiment is designed to investigate the effects of the AWJ parameters on burr removal and on surface quality. The results show that AWJ can remove the burrs from the stainless-steel specimens effectively under the condition of proper parameters, and the parameters such as abrasive grit size and stand-off distance are important not only for burr removal but also for surface quality, and slurry concentration is another important factor for surface quality.
Experimental Research on Technological Parameters of Magneto-Rheological Finishing for Metal Materials
Authors: Gao Jia Hong , Yang Yan , Ren Zu Wen
Published: December 2011

MRF (Magneto-rheological Finishing) is a kind of new technology which carries on fine polishing to the workpiece surface by using rheological property of MR fluids. A set of simple experimental equipment has been designed in this paper and magnet was selected for device forming magnetic filed. The main parameters of MRF which influence the surface quality of the metal material has been analyzed. The rule of the influence on surface roughness varying with several parameters has been summed up. The experiment results show that with the increase of magnetic field intensity, the value of surface roughness of workpiece decreases; the value increases with the increase of rotational velocity.The value of surface roughness of workpiece is in inverse proportion to the processing time. With the increase of time, the value of surface roughness of workpiece has been decreasing to basically stable after a certain amount of processing time.
Research on Tool Management System Based on Web and Two-Dimensional Bar Code Technology
Authors: Sun Bo , Qin Guang Tai , Fang Ya Dong , Chen Hua
Published: December 2011

Tool management is an important research topic in the field of advanced manufacturing technology. At present, the existing tool management system can’t track tool real-time state and information in the whole course of using. This paper puts forward a new kind of tool management system for optimizing the process of tool resource, which is managed based on the Web and two dimensional barcode technology. The whole life cycle of information for the tools is tracked and managed in this system, and finally realized the sharing