bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of methodologies for representing path effects on regionalP/Sdiscriminants
Authors: Rodgers Arthur J. , Walter William R. , Schultz Craig A. , Myers Stephen C. , Lay Thorne
Published: October 2022

Short-period regional P/S amplitude ratios hold much promise for discriminating low-magnitude explosions from earthquakes in a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) monitoring context. However, propagation path effects lead to variability in regional-phase amplitudes that, if not accounted for, can reduce or eliminate the ability of P/S ratios to identify the seismic source. Here we compare four different methodologies that account for the effect of heterogeneous structure on P/S amplitude variance: (1) distance corrections, (2) path-specific crustal waveguide parameter regressions, (3) cap averaging (running mean smoothing), and (4) kriging. The predictability of each method is established by cross-validation (leave-one-out) analysis. We apply these techniques to Pn/Lg, Pg/Lg, and Pn/Sn observations in three frequency bands from 0.75 to 6.0 Hz at station ABKT (Alibek, Turkmenistan), site of a primary station of the International Monitoring System (IMS). Paths to ABKT sample diverse crustal structures (e.g., various topographic, sedimentary, and geologic structures), leading to great variability in the observed P/S amplitude ratios. For these data to be useful for isolating source characteristics, the scatter needs to be reduced by accounting for the path effects, and the resulting distribution needs to be Gaussian for most existing spatial interpolation and discrimination strategies to have valid application. Each method reduces the scatter of the P/S amplitude measurements with varying degrees of success; however, kriging has the distinct advantages of providing the greatest variance reduction and a continuous correction surface with an estimate of the model uncertainty. The largest reductions in scatter are found for the lowest frequency P/S ratios (<3.0 Hz).
Feasibility of truncated perturbation expansions to approximate Rayleigh-wave eigenfrequencies and eigenfunctions in heterogeneous media
Authors: James Mark B. , Ritzwoller Michael H.
Published: October 2022

We investigate the feasibility of using truncated perturbation expansions higher than first order to compute the effect of structural variations relative to a laterally homogeneous reference on broadband (e.g., 20 to 250 sec period) Rayleigh-wave velocities and eigenfunctions. Feasibility is a function of speed, accuracy, and ease-of-use. We discuss the physical meaning of relevant terms in the expansion and posit and test an expansion, referred to as quasi-third-order theory, that consists of all boundary and volume self-terms through third-order and at second-order boundary-volume cross-terms between all boundaries and adjoining volumes that the boundary intersects. We set accuracy criteria at 0.5% for group and phase velocities and several percent for vertical eigenfunctions. For the magnitude of crustal and upper mantle heterogeneities found across Eurasia, first-order perturbation theory meets these criteria for group and phase velocities only above about 80 sec period but meets the eigenfunction criterion down to about 30 sec period. The use of quasi-third-order theory for phase and group velocities and the first-order theory for eigenfunctions is fast (about two orders of magnitude faster than the flat-earth and spherical-earth eigenfunctions codes used for comparison), relatively easy to use, and should meet the accuracy criteria required in most inversions down to about 30 sec period. If accuracy standards are more stringent than those set here, if there are structural variations larger than those considered here, or if the application requires inversion below about 30 sec period, then it would be advisable to regionalize the area of study and to introduce more than one reference model.
Site response for Seattle and source parameters of earthquakes in the Puget Sound Region
Authors: Frankel Arthur , Carver David , Cranswick Edward , Meremonte Mark , Bice Thomas , Overturf Dee
Published: October 2022

We analyzed seismograms from 21 earthquakes (ML 2.0-4.9) recorded by digital seismographs we deployed in urban Seattle to determine site response and earthquake stress drops. The seismometers were situated on a wide variety of geologic units, including artificial fill (e.g., Kingdome, Harbor Island), Pleistocene age soils (glacial till and outwash deposits of Seattle's hills), modified land (downtown Seattle, Space Needle), and Tertiary sedimentary rock. Two mainshock-aftershock sequences were recorded: the June 1997 Bremerton sequence (mainshock ML 4.9) and the February 1997 South Seattle sequence (mainshock ML 3.5), along with other events in the Puget Sound region. We developed a new inversion procedure to estimate site response, source corner frequencies, and seismic moments from the S-wave spectra. This inversion uses corner frequencies determined from spectral ratios of mainshock-aftershock pairs as constraints. The site responses found from the inversion are not relative to the rock site but are relative to an idealized site with a flat frequency response. The response of the rock site is also found from the inversion. The inversion results show high response for the sites on artificial fill, more moderate amplification for most sites on stiff Pleistocene soils or modified land, and low response for the rock site. Some sites display resonances, such as a strong 2-Hz resonance at our site near the Kingdome, which is caused by the surficial layers of fill and younger alluvium. The sites in West Seattle exhibit high amplification, even though they are on relatively stiff soils of glacial outwash. This may be partly caused by basin surface waves produced by conversion of incident S waves. This high response in West Seattle is consistent with damage reports from the 1949 (mb 7.1) and 1965 (mb 6.5) earthquakes. Stress-drop estimates for the events we recorded were generally low, between 0.4 and 25 bars, although some of the events may have had higher stress drops that could not be resolved because of the limited passband. We calculated a stress drop of 24 bars for the Bremerton mainshock and 10 bars for the South Seattle mainshock.
A study on changes in depression types among the widowed older adults in South Korea
Authors:   center for social welfare research yonsei university, Kim Sunghee , Jeong Kyu-Hyoung , Lee Seoyoon
Published: October 2022

This study categorizes the latent class according to the change trajectory of depression types experienced by Korean older adults after the loss of a spouse and examines the determinants that derives each type. Using the Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS), conducted from 2012 to 2021, data from 518 older adults aged 65 and over whose depression can be estimated for at least three years after widowhood were analyzed. A Growth Mixture Model (GMM) was applied to derive the types according to the changing patterns of depression, and a binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors affecting the derived types. As a result of the analysis, a total of two types were classified according to the change in depression.
Type 1 was found to be a ‘reducing type’ in which the level of depression gradually decreased while maintaining certain level of depression, and for Type 2, an ‘increasing type’ in which the initial level of depression was higher than that of Type 1 and continued to increase thereafter.
The older the individual, the more likely he or she is to live in an urban area rather than a suburban area, and if they have disability, the greater the probability that they belong to the 'increasing type' rather than the 'reducing type'. There was no significant relationship between gender, income, or education level and the type. Accordingly, it is necessary to find ways of reducing the likelihood that the depression level of the widowed older adults who fall into the 'increasing type', a risk group.
HASHTAG AS A MEANS OF COMMUNICATION IN THE INTERNET SPACE
Authors: Гершанова А.Ф.
Published: October 2022

Рассматриваются средства интернет-коммуникации, обладающей специфическими чертами. Хештег как одно из коммуникативных средств наиболее ярко отражает все особенности интернет-среды. Являясь посредником между автором публикации и  подписчиками, хештег демонстрирует полифункциональность. Представлен анализ семантико-структурных особенностей хештега.

The article is devoted to the study of Internet communication tools with specific features. Hashtag, as one of the means of communication, most clearly reflects all the features of the Internet environment. Being an intermediary between the author of the publication and subscribers, the hashtag demonstrates polyfunctionality. This is due to its semantic and structural features, the analysis of which is presented in this study.
TYPES OF MODIFICATION OF THE SEMANTICS OF THE ORIGINAL MEANING DURING METONYMIC TRA NSFER
Authors: Петрова O.O.
Published: October 2022

Описываются виды модификации исходных значений при порождении лексической метонимии. Смежность внеязыковых явлений отражается в значительной общности (смежности) значений. Однако отмечается, что смежность значений не служит достаточным и надежным основанием для квалификации значения как метонимического; должны быть и другие основания метонимии: модификация значения в реальной модальности, выводимость и иерархия значения. Приводятся четыре вида модификации семантики исходного значения при метонимическом переносе.

The article describes the types of modification of the original values when generating lexical metonymy. The contiguity of non-linguistic phenomena is reflected in the signifi cant generality (contiguity) of meanings. However: the adjacency of values does not serve as a sufficient and reliable basis to qualify the value as metonymic; there must be other grounds for metonymy: modification of the value in a real modality, derivability and hierarchy of the value. The article describes 4 types of modification of the semantics of the original meaning with metonymic transfer.
SPORTS COMMENTARY IN PAIRS: FEATURES OF DIALOGIC DISCOURSE AND COMMUNICATION ACCOMMODATION
Authors: Калиниченко М.О.
Published: October 2022

Рассматривается коммуникативная адаптация спортивных комментаторов к диалогическому дискурсу. Выявлены изменения, произошедшие в дискурсе спортивного комментирования при переходе с монологической речи на диалогическую. Проведен конверсационный и дискурсивный анализ трех трансляций разного времени с участием одного и того же комментатора, работавшего индивидуально и в паре с коллегой. Исследование показало, что со временем лингвистические показатели речи разных комментаторов выравниваются, а объем их реплик сокращается из-за эффективного совместного порождения дискурса. Чем больше журналисты работают в паре, тем чаще они дополняют реплики друг друга, а диалогическая речь приобретает черты монологической речи, что является важным свойством дискурса парного спортивного комментирования.

The article is devoted to communicative accommodation of sports commentators to dialogic discourse. The aim of the study is to identify the changes that occurred in sports commentary discourse due to the transition from monologic to dialogic speech. The conversation and discourse analysis involves three commentary transcripts which include one commentator who worked both individually and with a colleague. The study has shown that with time speech indicators of commentators are becoming even; the size of their turns is decreasing because of discourse co-production. The more journalists work together the more they continue and expand on turns of their interlocutor. on balance, dialogic speech is starting to display features of monologic speech, which unravels the intradialogic monologising of sports commentary discourse.
Memoria del 1er Congreso Internacional en Tecnologías, Innovación y Tendencias en Ingenierías
Authors: Barbosa Janett , Lee Peter Vee Sin , Peña Prieto Luis Eduardo , Vázquez Seisdedos Carlos Román , Díaz Jaime Nezter Gabriel , Castrogiovanni Susana Rosa , Morales Graciela Elizabeth , Rojas Martínez Mónica , Rodríguez Delgado William , Silva Leal Vladimir , Sejenovich Saúl Hector
Published: October 2022

El 1er Congreso Internacional en Tecnologías, Innovación y Tendencias en Ingenierías (CITITI2019) fue organizado por la Decanatura de Ingeniería de la Universidad ECCI y se celebró en Bogotá, Colombia, del 23 al 25 de octubre de 2019. Este congreso es el primero de una serie de congresos que tienen como objetivo fortalecer las relaciones entre los cient´ıficos de todas las áreas de ingeniería, los empresarios y los futuros ingenieros para poder abordar soluciones ingenieriles a problemáticas actuales de nivel global, como por ejemplo el cambio climático.
Ecological importance of strigolactones hormone on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis in plant
Authors: Mitra Debasis , Priyadarshini Ankita , Senapati Ansuman , Behera Suchismita , Chatterjee Ishita , Mohapatra Pradeep K. Das , Panneerselvam Periyasamy
Published: October 2022

Strigolactones (SLs) are versatile compounds that have recently been identified as a special generation of plant hormones. They play a significant role as modulators of coordinated plant development in response to nutrient deficiency and defence, particularly by influencing plant root microbiome and mycorrhization. SLs act as signals molecules that help host communicate with their environment belowground, in addition to regulating root architecture and growth promotion. Alternatively, boosting the SLs hormone level or applying external SLs, SL synthetic analogs e.g. GR24, and SL mimics to plants, can improve the root architecture, and physiological changes, and controls biotic and abiotic parameters by activating regulatory genes and molecular changes. Interestingly, SLs perform a fundamental character in the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) symbiosis by eliciting mycorrhization in the plant, which allows for adequate phosphorus utilization. Due to various their multifunctional aspect, they have a wide range of possible agricultural and biotechnological applications. We should be able to comprehend the biological mechanisms operating below ground in plant systems and their significance in the ecosystem with greater clarity as more research is conducted into the necessary conditions for various SLs in various biological activities.
Anti herpes simplex virus-2 activity of the extracts of Sericostoma pauciflorum stocks ex wight and Lepidagathis trinervis Nees
Authors: Pancholi Boskey
Published: October 2022

To determine the anti-HSV 2 properties and mechanism of action of two important medicinal plants Stocks ex Wight (Boraginaceae) and Nees (Acanthaceae)

To identify natural products with anti-HSV-2 activity, the aqueous and 50% ethanolic extracts were prepared from whole plants of and . Cytotoxicity assay using Vero cells as target revealed CC values of these extracts ranging from 301.8 to 436.8 µg ml Extracts from both the plants showed dose dependent inhibition of HSV-2 infection using Plaque Reduction Assay. Among the tested extracts, 50% ethanolic extract of showed lowest IC value of 6.86 µg ml. To study the possible mode of antiviral action, all the extracts showed 50 to 97% reduction in the formation of plaques in the attachment assay. Extracts prepared from also inhibited the HSV-2 penetration in a time and dose dependent manner. In post-attachment assay, both the extracts from as well as 50% ethanolic extract from showed significant inhibition in HSV-2 infection.

These studies document anti-HSV-2 activity of the two commonly used medicinal plants that will have implications in the development of an alternate remedy for HSV-2 infection. Significant and impact of the study: This work provides information on the anti HSV-2 properties of Indian medicinal plants that showed their significant inhibition of HSV-2 virus in system.
Diagnostic utility of adenosine deaminase in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in pulmonary tuberculosis from a tertiary care hospital in North India
Authors: Naqash Unairah , Taj Rukhsana , Nahvi Nahid
Published: October 2022

Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) has been acclaimed as a biochemical marker in numerous studies in the diagnosis of tuberculosis of pleura, peritoneum, meninges etc because of its high sensitivity and specificity. As a diagnostic test, ADA offers several advantages; it is rapid, simple, low cost, non-invasive and can be performed easily in most clinical laboratories.

The current retrospective study was carried out on a total of 91 specimens of bronchoalveolar lavage collected on bronchoscopy. The samples were collected and sediments were confirmed for presence of tubercular bacilli through Lowenstein Jensen(LJ) media (Gold standard), GeneXpert(CBNAAT).Simultaneously the ADA estimation was done from supernatant fluid obtained after centrifugation of sample.

The Mean ADA level for Culture Positive samples in BAL was 5.899± 1.723 and from Culture Negative Samples the Mean ADA was1.217 ± 1.439. The ADA cut off levels of >4.0 IU/L in BAL when compared with LJ culture media (gold standard) showed a sensitivity of 90.0% and a specificity of 97.2%. Upon ROC analysis a high rate of accuracy was recorded in diagnosis of TB through ADA estimation with sensitivity and specificity reaching 100% and 97.2% at a ADA cut off 3.76 IU/L when compared with LJ culture media (gold standard). However, the sensitivity and specificity achieved was slightly lower when ADA results were compared with GeneXpert results.

The determination of ADA levels may help in early diagnosis, improve the prognosis and reduce the spread of disease and thereby the test should be included in routine investigations in patients suspected of tuberculosis.
Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Trachyspermum ammi L. against certain bacterial species
Authors: Gupta Aparajita , Kumari Mannu , Sharma Shabnam
Published: October 2022

L. is a traditional medicinal herb that has been used to cure a variety of diseases in humans. The goal of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of methanolic, ethanolic, and acetonic extracts of T. seeds against a bacterial species. Agar well diffusion method was used to test antibacterial activity. In comparison to methanolic and acetonic extracts, ethanolic extract of T. ammi seeds showed a highest antibacterial activity against , and . Methanolic extract, on the other hand, effectively inhibited and . The maximum inhibition zone in ethanolic was observed against and (22.6 mm) and the minimum inhibition zone against (12 mm) at 100% concentration. Plant extracts contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and glycosides.
Importancia de la vigilancia genómica de SARS-CoV-2 en los tiempos de las vacunas contra la COVID-19
Authors: Jones-Cifuentes Nathalia Andrea , Peña-López Brigitte Ofelia , Rincón-Orozco Bladimiro
Published: October 2022

La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) ha generado un impacto a gran escala en la salud pública mundial debido a su rápida propagación y a su alta capacidad de contagio, adaptación y evolución. En esta revisión se describen las diferencias entre mutaciones, variantes, linajes y cepas de Coronavirus del Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo 2 (SARS-CoV-2); se listan las principales mutaciones presentes en las variantes de interés (VOI por sus siglas en inglés) y variantes de preocupación (VOC por sus siglas en inglés) de SARS-CoV-2 y su distribución geográfica; y finalmente, se analiza la implicación que tienen las nuevas variantes sobre la efectividad de las vacunas, evidenciando la importancia de la vigilancia genómica de SARS-CoV-2 en la era post vacunación.
Información recibida sobre salud sexual y reproductiva asociada a conductas sexuales en universitarias. Medellín, Colombia 2021
Authors: Oliveros Lina M. , Mejía Andrea , Vásquez Elsa M.
Published: October 2022

Introducción: la juventud representa un periodo de vulnerabilidad acompañado de cambios físicos y psicológicos que predisponen a conductas sexuales de riesgo, en un contexto en el que la calidad de la educación en salud sexual y reproductiva no satisface las necesidades de la población. Objetivo: identificar la asociación existente entre conductas sexuales de riesgo en mujeres universitarias y su satisfacción frente a la información que han recibido sobre salud sexual y reproductiva a lo largo de sus vidas. Métodos: estudio descriptivo de tipo transversal aplicado a una muestra por conveniencia de 182 universitarias. Se analizaron variables relacionadas con características sociodemográficas, conductas sexuales de riesgo, fuentes de información y satisfacción frente a la información recibida sobre salud sexual y reproductiva. Se determinó la asociación entre las variables aplicando la prueba chi2 (p < 0,05) y la medida estadística OR. Resultados: predominaron las mujeres sexualmente activas 70,3 % y mujeres que no deseaban quedar embarazadas al momento de ser encuestadas 98,9 %. Un 10,9 % de las mujeres encuestadas, son sexualmente activas y no planifican aunque no deseen quedar en embarazo. La fuente de educación que predominó fueron los profesionales de la salud (75,3 %). No se evidenció discrepancia significativa entre el porcentaje de mujeres satisfechas con la información que han recibido (51 %) y las no satisfechas (49 %). No se encontró asociación entre conductas sexuales de riesgo y la satisfacción con la información sobre salud sexual y reproductiva que han recibido a lo largo de su vida, teniendo en consideración que esta no representa en su totalidad una educación de calidad. Conclusión: las estudiantes matriculadas en universidades ubicadas en la ciudad de Medellín muestran conductas sexuales de riesgo, que no se asocian a la satisfacción que poseen frente a la información en salud sexual y reproductiva que han obtenido a lo largo de su vida.
Análisis de interacciones de los actores de la red de conocimiento en salud ambiental del Observatorio Nacional de Salud de Colombia
Authors: Misnaza-Castrillón Sandra Patricia , Jiménez-Manjarres Mayra Alejandra , Santana-Rodríguez Diana Marielly , Borbón-Ramos Milena Edith , Castañeda-Orjuela Carlos Andres
Published: October 2022

Introducción: las interrelaciones positivas y negativas entre el hombre y el medioambiente impactan en la salud general de la población, por esto, la gestión del conocimiento y la transformación social, orientadas a la prevención de la exposición a factores de riesgo ambiental y a la creación de ambientes propicios, deben realizarse a través de acciones multidisciplinares intersectoriales, como el trabajo colaborativo de redes del conocimiento. Objetivo: describir las interacciones entre los actores de la Red de Conocimiento de Salud Ambiental del Observatorio Nacional de Salud de Colombia (ONS), con el fin de promover, mejorar y fortalecer la colaboración, intercambio de información y planificación conjunta de acciones. Metodología: estudio descriptivo transversal de análisis de redes sociales mediante herramientas de minería de texto del lenguaje de programación R. Se analizaron las categorías de agua y saneamiento, clima, calidad del aire, radiaciones electromagnéticas e intoxicaciones químicas de un corpus documental de 99 textos de los actores de la red general de conocimiento en salud pública del ONS. Se calcularon medidas de centralidad y prestigio y se graficaron redes dirigidas multicapa con Power BI. Resultados: los actores con mayor centralidad en la red fueron: Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, Superintendencia de Salud, Profamilia, universidades de Antioquia y La Salle, ONS, Observatorio de Salud Ambiental de Bogotá, Organización Panamericana de la Salud y Organización Mundial de la Salud. Las cinco categorías analizadas presentaron bajas centralidades de grado, y las categorías de agua y clima mostraron mayor participación de los actores (más nodos e interacciones). Conclusiones: el análisis de redes sociales permitió identificar temas relevantes de salud ambiental entre los actores de la red del ONS, además de actores clave para desarrollar espacios de interacción y gestión del conocimiento. Acorde con las limitaciones del análisis, se sugiere la inclusión de aproximaciones bibliométricas para la actualización de las interacciones de la red.
Susceptibility of Tetranychus cinnabarinus and Tetranychus urticae (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) to Neozygites floridana (Entomophthorales: Neozygitaceae)
Authors: Gálvez-Partida Viridiana Lizeth , Otero-Colina Gabriel , Guzmán-Franco Ariel W. , Lomeli-Flores J. Refugio , Olmos-Zepeda José Rodolfo , Soto-Rojas Lauro , Carrillo-Benítez Guadalupe , Díaz-Martínez Victoria
Published: October 2022

Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) is a cosmopolitan spider mite species that infests more than 900 species of plants, including commercial species. Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boudreaux) is characterized by a red coloration, in contrast to the green-colored T. urticae. Both are occasionally found coexisting in warm environments, and, for that reason, they are considered by some to be synonyms. In this study, we identified specimens of the two morphospecies using optical and electron microscopy and amplification of a segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. Bioassays determined the level of susceptibility and survival of both morphospecies when they were infected with the entomopathogenic fungus Neozygites floridana (Weiser and Muma). For the evaluation of the susceptibility of these morphospecies to N. floridana, bioassays were conducted under conditions of 25 ± 2°C, 60 ± 5% relative humidity, and a 12:12-h photoperiod regime. From these bioassays, we found that T. cinnabarinus was less susceptible to N. floridana and that there is a higher level of fertility, survival, and development in the T. cinnabarinus than in the T. urticae mites. Within a mass rearing system, T. cinnabarinus appears be a more efficaceous functional food for predatory mites, such as Phytoseiulus persimilis (Athias-Henriot) (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae), than T. urticae to support rearing and release of biological agents for integrated pest management.
Innate Immune Response of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Larvae to Lemongrass Essential Oil and Citral
Authors: Chastain Kyndra , Peterson Westley , Haszcz Katherine , Fenske Michael , Rice Jennifer , Pszczolkowski Maciej A.
Published: October 2022

The innate immune response in insects relies on cellular responses. In most lepidopteran species, challenging the immune system causes an increase in hemocyte numbers and promotes encapsulation and melanization of invading objects, such as parasitoid eggs or artificial objects (e.g., nylon implants). We studied the effects of carbon particles (Sumi ink) on the immune response of Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) last-instar larvae. Ink injections increased total hemocyte counts in a dose-dependent manner, with the 40 and 80% concentrations being most effective in eliciting hemocyte response. Hemocyte numbers increased significantly at 4 and 6 h after ink injection. Lemongrass essential oil (0.18, 0.36, and 0.72 µg/larva) and citral (0.12, 0.24, and 0.48 µg/larva) reversed the mobilization of hemocytes by the ink. Melanization of nylon larvae implants started as early as 15 min after implant insertion and reached maximum observed levels within 1 h. The degree of melanization also was higher in larvae challenged with ink 1 h prior to implant removal, which suggests initialization of the immune response. Citral injections inhibited implant melanization both in unchallenged and ink-challenged larvae. In the former case, citral concentrations needed for effective inhibition were less (0.3 µg/larva) than in ink-challenged larvae (1.2 and 2.4 µg/larva).
Perinatal deaths in Bursa Province, Turkey: an analysis by applying the International Classification of Diseases-perinatal mortality (ICD-PM) system
Authors: METİN Salih
Published: October 2022

Objectives: The International Classification of Diseases for Perinatal Mortality (ICD-PM) system is a globally used classification based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) codes. Moreover, it focuses on the time of death and maternal conditions. Here, we analyzed perinatal deaths by using the ICD-PM system.
Methods: This is a retrospective study, performed between January 1, 2020, and March 30, 2022, in Bursa. Perinatal characteristics and the causes of perinatal deaths were recorded. The perinatal deaths were classified according to the ICD-PM system and descriptives were given.
Results: The majority of perinatal death cases (119 cases) occurred in the antepartum period. The leading cause of antepartum deaths was unspecified causes (62.2%) followed by fetal growth disorders (9.3%). A total of 63 (53.7%) mothers were healthy (M5) while 27 (22.7%) mothers had medical or surgical conditions (M4). Acute intrapartum events (33.4%) were the commonest cause of intrapartum deaths followed by unspecified causes (26.6%). When neonatal deaths were analyzed, low birth weight/prematurity constitute 59.6% of neonatal deaths. The largest proportion of mothers was healthy in the intrapartum (40%) while maternal complications of pregnancy (M2) was the most commonest classification for neonatal deaths.
Conclusions: ICD-PM is a globally used system for classifying perinatal deaths. The time of perinatal death used in this system provides focus on interventions in perinatal care and it encourages comparison between perinatal care centers. We suggest that we might use resources truly to prevent perinatal deaths in our country by using this system.
The Violation of Christian Graves in the Light of Eusebius’s Ecclesiastical History VIII, 6, 6–7
Authors: Leraczyk Izabela
Published: October 2022

The main focus of the article are the reasons and circumstances behind the desecration of the graves of the Christians in Nicomedia in the year 303, as presented in Eusebius’s account. A short time before that, another wave of persecutions directed at Christians had begun there on the order of Emperor Diocletian. When a fire broke out in the imperial palace, Christians were named as responsible for setting the fire (incendium). After they had been sentences to the death penalty, they were executed by beheading with a sword (decapitatio), burning alive (crematio, vivicomburium) or drowning. However, as we can read in the Ecclesiastical History, the repression did not end there, as it was decided that the bodies of the convicts were to be exhumed and thrown into the sea. The current article aims at analyzing the above events from the perspective of regulations and customs observed by the Romans with reference to convicts and their bodies. Moreover, while rejecting Eusebius’s claim that the desecration of the graves was dictated by the fear that the burial ground of the martyrs might lead to the development of their cult, the article analyzes the possible motives for attempting to eradicate all the traces of the executed Christians on the side of the Roman authorities. With the aid of Lactantius’s account, the article discusses, among others, the concept of treating Christians as enemies (hostes).
Characterization of Mungbean Mutants [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] in M4 and M5 Generations
Authors: Saikia Deepshikha , Sarma Akashi , Bordoloi Dibosh
Published: October 2022

Background: An understanding the mungbean mutant lines with the check varieties can help in identifying mutants in better adoption. The present experiment was conducted to assess the genetic variation and morpho-metric characteristics of mungbean mutants in M4 and M5 generation. Methods: A set of 7 M3 progenies along with parent Pratap and 5 check was evaluated for M4 and M5 generation using randomized complete block design with three replications during kharif 2018 and summer 2019 in the experimental area of Instructional cum Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam. Result: Significant differences were observed for most of the traits in both M4 and M5 generation. High heritability estimate coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was documented for numbers of branches per plant, pods per plant, percentage of disease incidence, 100 seeds weight and seed yield per plant in both the generation indicate the pre-ponderance of additive gene action. Seed yield per plant was found to be significantly and positively correlated with numbers of pods per cluster, seeds per pod, pod length and 100 seeds weight at genotypic and phenotypic level in both M4 and M5 generation. The traits 100 seeds weight and branches per plant had showed positive direct effect on seed yield in both the generations; hence these two traits might be most effective for selection of higher yield mutants in mung bean.
Imagination in Canadian Fantasy Picturebooks: Beyond the Boundaries between Fantasy and Reality
Authors:   The Korean Society For Teaching English Literature, Lee Sujin
Published: October 2022

This article explores how to read picturebooks with some of the representative Canadian fantasy picturebooks: Munch’s The Paper Bag Princess, Morgan’s Matthew and the Midnight Ball Game, Bourgeois’s Franklin in the Dark, and Wynne-Jones’s Zoom at Sea. Reading picturebooks need to focus on words and images at the same time. Sometimes images tell more stories than words written in the pages. Children know how to read and what to read through pictures by intuition, while adults lost the ability to read pictures, only focusing on words with traditional way of reading.
The function of pictures in picturebooks is to describe and represent. The function of words is to narrative. So the relationship between pictures and words are important and also complex. Picturebooks are an effective and interesting way of telling stories. They give pleasure to viewers and readers, both children and adults. In the Canadian fantasy picturebooks above, readers enjoy the story with the written words and more stories (that the words don’t tell) through focusing and reading pictures.
Postoperatif Dönemde Uygulanan Masajın Ağrı Üzerindeki Etkisi ile İlgili Yapılan Lisansüstü Tezlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: BOZKUL Gamze , KARAKUL Atiye
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmada, postoperatif dönemde uygulanan masajın ağrı üzerindeki etkisi ile ilgili yapılan lisansüstü tezlerin nitelik ve niceliğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Literatür taraması 5-10 Mart 2022 tarihinde Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanında herhangi bir yıl sınırlaması olmadan yapılmıştır. Tarama yapılırken “cerrahi” ve “masaj” ve “ağrı” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılmıştır. Dahil edilme kriterlerine uyan tezler incelemeye alınmıştır. Ulaşılan tezler başlıklarına göre değerlendirilmiş, konu ile ilgili olmayan tezler çıkartılmıştır. Yapılan taramada 18 teze ulaşılmıştır. Ulaşılan beş tez konu ile ilgili olmadığı için çalışmadan çıkarılmıştır. Geriye kalan 13 çalışmadan, iki çalışma tıpta uzmanlık, bir çalışma fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon ve bir çalışma aile hekimliği çalışması olduğu için dahil edilmemiştir. Tezlerden bir tanesinin tam metnine ulaşılmadığı için çalışmadan çıkarılmıştır. Seçim yapmak için belirlenen çalışmalardan dahil edilme kriterlerine uygun, hemşirelik alanında yapılan yüksek lisans ve doktora tezlerinden sekiz tez incelenmiştir. Tezlerden üçü yüksek lisans tezi olmak üzere diğer beş çalışma doktora tezidir. Tezlerin yayımlanma zamanı 2009-2019 yılları arasında değişmektedir. Tezlerin türleri incelendiğinde, üç çalışma yarı deneysel, dört çalışma randomize kontrollü çalışma, bir çalışma ise ön test-son test kontrol gruplu çalışmadır. Tezlerden birinin araştırma grubunu çocuk hastalar oluşturmaktadır. Değerlendirmeye alınan çalışmalarda çeşitli masaj türleri karşılaştırılmıştır. En çok el masajı ve ayak masajının kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Postoperatif dönemde uygulanan el masajı ya da ayak masajının ağrıyı azaltmada etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda postoperatif dönemde ağrının azaltılması için nonfarmakolojik yöntemlerden biri olan masajın çocuk ve yetişkin hastalarda kullanılması önerilmektedir.
Tek Boyutluluktan Çok Boyutluluğa Boyutluluğun Çerçevesi
Authors: BARİS PEKMEZCİ Fulya
Published: October 2022

Boyutluluk kavramı geçmişten günümüze tartışılagelen bir konu olmuştur. Test puanlarının boyutluluğu hakkında en genel anlayış evrende bir testi alanlar arasında testle ilgili tüm farklılıkları tam olarak tanımlamak için gereken minimum boyut veya ölçülen yapıyla ilişkili istatistiksel yetenek sayısının boyut sayısını oluşturduğudur. Bir testin boyutluluğu sadece test maddelerine bağlı değildir. Aynı zamanda, evrende testi alanların maddelerle etkileşimi de testin boyutluluğuna kaynaklık etmektedir. Eğer boyutluluk değerlendirmelerinde test puanları güçlü bir çok boyutluluk gösterirse, diğer bir ifadeyle, bazı boyutların istatistiksel olarak birbirinden bağımsız olduğu görülürse, testin kapsam genişliği değişmeyecek şekilde daha homojen iki veya daha fazla alt test oluşturulması çözüm olabilir. Buna rağmen, birçok test planında maddelerin mantıksal açıdan birbirinden bağımsız olması bir gereklilik olarak görülür. Test geliştiriciler, bazı maddeler arasındaki mantıksal bağlılığın bazı karmaşık yeterliklerin ölçülebilmesi için gerekli olduğunu düşünmektedir. Test puanlarının kesinliği ve doğruluğunun sağlanabilmesi için bu tür mantıksal açıdan birbiriyle ilişkili maddelerin tek bir madde gibi puanlanması gerekir. Eğer bu maddeler bağımsız puanlanacaksa maddeler arası koşullu kovaryansların incelenmesine dayanan istatistiksel teknikler kullanılarak bu maddelerin gerçekten bağımsız bilgi sağlayıp sağlamadığına karar verilmeli ve en azından bazı maddeler puanlamada birleştirilmelidir. Çok boyutluluk ve tek boyutlulukla ilgili net bir ayrım olmamakla birlikte çok boyutluluğun planlanan test yapısından mı yoksa yapıdan bağımsız istenmeyen faktörlerden mi ortaya çıktığı incelenmelidir. Boyutluluğun belirlenmesinde birçok yöntem bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırma kapsamında boyutluluğun belirlenmesinde Paralel analiz ve Velicer’in MAP testinin kullanımına ilişkin bir örnek sunulmuştur.
Tackling heterogeneity in treatment-resistant breast cancer using a broad-spectrum therapeutic approach
Authors: Lowe Leroy , LaValley J. William , Felsher Dean W.
Published: October 2022

Tumor heterogeneity can contribute to the development of therapeutic resistance in cancer, including advanced breast cancers. The object of the Halifax project was to identify new treatments that would address mechanisms of therapeutic resistance through tumor heterogeneity by uncovering combinations of therapeutics that could target the hallmarks of cancer rather than focusing on individual gene products. A taskforce of 180 cancer researchers, used molecular profiling to highlight key targets responsible for each of the hallmarks of cancer and then find existing therapeutic agents that could be used to reach those targets with limited toxicity. In many cases, natural health products and re-purposed pharmaceuticals were identified as potential agents. Hence, by combining the molecular profiling of tumors with therapeutics that target the hallmark features of cancer, the heterogeneity of advanced-stage breast cancers can be addressed.
ASSET MANAGEMENT: perspectives of accounting and extra accounting control of physical bibliographic collections in libraries of federal public institutions
Authors: Barreto Isaias Cristino Esteves , Rebouças Porto Júnior Francisco Gilson , Eduardo Moura Costa Wendell
Published: October 2022

The inherent peculiarities of the different types of libraries configure them as a favorable environment for the implementation of innovations in their administrative processes. As one of these processes highlights the patrimonial management of the physical bibliographic collections, which are consolidated as central to the organizational structure of the libraries, in this investigation we will specify the libraries of the federal public universities that corroborate this perspective. The present investigation aims to present the factors that can interfere in the quality of the patrimonial management of the physical bibliographic collections with the aim of providing an opportunity to reflect on the possibility of implementing innovations in the process. The investigation was methodologically based on a bibliographic investigation that allowed the researchers to have a constructive theoretical basis on the subject studied. As a result, the complexity of the security process of the physical bibliographic collection is perceptible in view of the vulnerability of the informative materials and the number of variables that act on them that end up intensifying this scenario of degradation.
Statistical Quality Control of Ultra High Temperature (UHT) Milk in PT XYZ
Authors: Sitorus Ester Mastiur , Mela Ervina
Published: October 2022

Ultra high temperature (UHT) milk is a product that is widely consumed because of its practicality and hygiene. PT XYZ is one of the industries that produces UHT milk with chocolate and strawberry flavors. Based on company records, there are variations in the protein content of the two products. The purpose of this study was to determine the average protein content of chocolate and strawberry milk on the control chart and to develop a cause-and-effect diagram to determine the factors that triggered variation in protein levels in PT XYZ's chocolate milk and strawberry milk. The research data was obtained from company records, which were then analyzed using MR control charts and fishbone diagrams. The results showed that there were values that were outside the control limits, both in the chocolate and strawberry flavor variants. The cause of the variability in the value of protein content in UHT milk in both chocolate and strawberry flavors comes from 4 factors. The machine factor is in the form of machine checking, which is still curative. The human factor is a lack of human resources and the absence of regular employee training. The factor of the method of using materials that are still manual Material factors are in the form of non-uniformity of sources and quality of raw materials for fresh milk from suppliers, and differences in quality and type of raw materials (between fresh milk and recombined milk).
PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PRODUK PADA UMKM DONATE DONUT DENGAN METODE SEVEN TOOLS
Authors: Hidayat Hety Handayani
Published: October 2022

UMKM Donate Donut is one of the micro, small and medium enterprises (UMKM) engaged in the manufacture of donuts. UMKM Donate Donut faces  problems in quality control, namely the occurrence of defects or defects in the product. Therefore, it is necessary to do research on quality control circle (QCC). Quality is a factor that can increase the competitiveness of a product. With the increase in quality, the production costs will be smaller so as to reduce waste. The failure of a product occurs due to several factors in the production process, raw materials, machines, equipment, humans, and the environment. To maintain the quality of the products produced and in accordance with market needs, it is necessary to carry out quality control over the process activities undertaken. quality control by using control charts (control charts) can be used to achieve a controlled state or are within control limits so as to show that the process is consistent. To obtain data that is in accordance with the research, it is necessary to observe a product that does not meet the specifications (damaged), then calculated using the check sheet, flow chart, histogram, Pareto chart, scatter diagram, and fishbone diagram methods to product results.
Improvement of Adaptive Saanen Goat Milk Production and Reproduction Fed Diet Supplemented with Indigofera zollingeriana Leaf Meal
Authors: Fikar Samsul , Suhartati Fransisca Maria , Bata Muhamad
Published: October 2022

The objective of this research was to examine the effect of the addition of Indigofera zollingeriana leaf meal (IZLM) in diets on milk production and fermentation products of adaptive Saanen goat. The research was conducted at Balai Besar Pembibitan Ternak Unggul dan Hijauan Pakan Ternak (BBPTUHPT) or or the Center for Superior Animal Breeding and Forage Animal Feed, Baturraden, Central Java. A total of 18 first lactating adaptive Saanen goats with a body weight of 34.83±7.13 and aged 20-24 months were used in this study. The goats were kept in individual pens and grouped into 6 groups based on body weight and each group were randomized to receive three kinds of concentrate substitution with IZLM of 0%, 10% and 20 % of dry matter (DM) concentrates, for A, B and C treatments, respectively. Therefore, this research was designed according to randomized block design.  Dry matter intake (DMI) of each goat was 4.5% of live weight with dry matter (DM) ratio of forage and concentrate were 60:40. The variables measured were DMI, partial volatile fatty acid (VFA), energy conversion efficiency of glucose into VFA (ECEVFA), methane gas, total protozoa, milk production and the first estrus after kidding. Analysis of variance showed that the treatment had a significant effect (P <0.05) on propionate, milk production and fat, but no significant effect (P> 0.05) on consumption of DM, acetate, butyrate, EKVFA, methane gas, lactose and protein milk. Increasing the IZLM substitution level enhanced linearly (P<0.05) on production of milk and milk fat, while the propionate concentrate responded to quadratic (P<0.05). Milk production increased at IZLM level of 20%, while goat in this group resulted only 16.70% estrous after birth compared to goat group received 10% IZLM level resulting 50% of estrus goat. The results of this study concluded that the recommended level of using IZLM as a concentrate substitute was only 10%.
Bankruptcy Settlement of Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil in Yogyakarta: An Islamic Law Perspective
Authors: Rusdiyono Muh. Yusron , Mu'allim Amir
Published: October 2022

This research analyzes the bankruptcy settlement of baitul maal wa tamwil using two perspectives: positive law applied in Indonesia and Islamic law. The research method used in discussing the problem was by conducting normative-juridical research with the maqashid of the sharia approach. The results showed that the leading cause of the bankruptcy of baitul maal wa tamwil in the Special Region of Yogyakarta was the existence of several general problems internally, which included limitations in material law, human resources, legal culture, and supporting infrastructure. Another factor that also affects bankruptcy is the weakness of the internal control system by the Sharia Supervisory Board and externally by the Agency of Cooperative. The ideal settlement of the bankruptcy of baitul maal wa tamwil is the arrangement of a new bankruptcy regulation to accommodate the various rules still spread in several existing laws and regulations.
Challenges for research on the Spotted Quail-thrush Cinclosoma punctatum in north Queensland
Authors:   Australian National Wildlife Collection, National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, G.P.O. Box 1700, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Joseph Leo
Published: October 2022

A case is made for why researchers should consider the possibilities that the north Queensland population of Spotted Quail-thrush Cinclosoma punctatum discovered in 2008 may be neither geographically or genetically isolated nor taxonomically distinct. Field and museum work are clearly needed to address these questions as well as the biology of the north Queensland population itself.