bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling spatial navigation in the presence of dynamic obstacles: a differential games approach
Authors: Darekar Anuja , Goussev Valery , McFadyen Bradford J. , Lamontagne Anouk , Fung Joyce
Published: November 2017

Obstacle circumvention strategies can be shaped by the dynamic interaction of an individual (evader) and an obstacle (pursuer). We have developed a mathematical model with predictive and emergent components, using experimental data from seven healthy young adults walking toward a target while avoiding collision with a stationary or moving obstacle (approaching head-on, or diagonally 30° left or right) in a virtual environment. Two linear properties from the predictive component enable the evader to predict the minimum distance between itself and the obstacle at all times, including the future intersection of trajectories. The emergent component uses the classical differential games model to solve for an optimal circumvention while reaching the target, wherein the locomotor strategy is influenced by the obstacle, target, and the evader velocity. Both model components were fitted to a different set of experimental data obtained from five poststroke and healthy participants to derive the minimum predicted distance (predictive component) and obstacle influence dimensions (emergent component) during circumvention. Minimum predicted distance between evader and pursuer was kept constant when the evader was closest to the obstacle in all participants. Obstacle influence dimensions varied depending on obstacle approach condition and preferred side of circumvention, reflecting differences in locomotor strategies between poststroke and healthy individuals. Additionally, important associations between model outputs and observed experimental outcomes were found. The model, supported by experimental data, suggests that both predictive and emergent processes can shape obstacle circumvention strategies in healthy and poststroke individuals.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY Obstacle circumvention during goal-directed locomotion is modeled with a new mathematical approach comprising both predictive and emergent elements. The major novelty is using differential games solutions to illustrate the dynamic interactions between the individual as an evader and the approaching obstacle as a pursuer. The model is supported by experimental evidence that explains the behavior along the continuum of locomotor adaptation displayed by healthy subjects and individuals with stroke.
A Rare Case of Transient Proximal Renal Tubular Acidosis in Pregnancy
Authors: Narcisse Dennis , Agarwal Manyoo , Kumar Aneel
Published: November 2017

Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a disorder that has improper function of renal acid-base regulation and is rarely encountered during pregnancy. Currently, there is no clear evidence on management and outcomes in patients with this condition. We report a case of a previously healthy 23-year-old female at 30 weeks of gestation who presented with proximal RTA and had spontaneous resolution of the condition shortly after delivery.
Vision Improvement with Refractive Correction Does Not Completely Exclude Major Eye Diseases: Analyses of Visually Impaired South Korean Population in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2011
Authors: Suh Young-Woo , Lee Ji Sung , Heo Hwan , Park Shin Hae , Kim Seung-Hyun , Lim Key Hwan , Moon Nam Ju , Lee Sung Jin , Park Song-Hee , Baek Seung-Hee
Published: November 2017

Purpose. To investigate the association between vision improvement with refractive correction in the visually impaired eyes and the prevalence of ocular comorbidities in the South Korean population. Materials and Methods. The data of 24,620 individuals in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2009–2011) were reviewed. Visual impairment was defined as a presenting visual acuity < 20/60. The participants with visual impairment in at least one eye were divided into 3 groups according to the best-corrected visual acuity (group 1: <20/30, group 2: ≥20/30 but <20/25, and group 3: ≥20/25). The prevalence of ocular comorbidities was estimated and compared between the three groups. Results. Visual impairment in at least one eye was found in 3031 individuals. Groups 1, 2, and 3 comprised 23.5%, 22.2%, and 54.3% of these visually impaired eyes, respectively. The prevalence of cataract, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, corneal opacity, blepharoptosis, and pterygium was similar to or even higher in group 2 compared to group 1. The prevalence of glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration was 5.40% and 11.39%, respectively, in group 2 and 3.31% and 3.76%, respectively, in group 3. Conclusions. Appropriate ophthalmologic examination is necessary even if people exhibit vision improvement after optical correction.
Increased Whole Blood Viscosity Is Associated with the Presence of Digital Ulcers in Systemic Sclerosis: Results from a Cross-Sectional Pilot Study
Authors: Korsten Peter , Niewold Timothy B. , Zeisberg Michael , Utset Tammy O. , Cho Daniel , Zachary Lawrence S. , Sweiss Nadera J. , Volkov Suncica
Published: November 2017

Objective. To investigate the role of whole blood viscosity in digital ulcer (DU) development in patients with diffuse and limited Systemic sclerosis.Methods. A convenience sample of patients with Systemic sclerosis (SSc) was selected from the adult Rheumatology clinic at the University of Chicago. The study group consisted of patients with SSc (with ulcers present, a history of ulcers, and no ulcers); the control group consisted of matched healthy Rheumatology clinic staff. WBV was measured using a scanning capillary viscometer at different shear rates (1–1000 1/s).Results. Whole blood viscosity as measured by a scanning capillary viscometer was increased in patients with SSc compared to healthy controls (p<0.0001). Additionally, patients with present DU had significantly higher whole blood viscosity when compared to patients with a history of DU and patients with no history of DU (p<0.0001). These findings were most pronounced at lower shear rates between 1 and 10 1/s.Conclusion. Whole blood viscosity might be a contributing factor in DU development in patients with SSc. Further studies with larger patient cohorts are required to fully evaluate how increased WBV contributes to the development of DU and whether the currently available treatment options improve the microcirculation by influencing WBV.
Convolutions of Harmonic Functions with Certain Dilatations
Authors: Ahuja Om P. , Jahangiri Jay M.
Published: November 2017

The convolution of harmonic functions, unlike the analytic case, proved to be very challenging. In this paper, we introduce dilatation conditions that guarantee the convolution of two harmonic functions to be locally one-to-one, sense-preserving, and close-to-convex harmonic in the unit disk.
PTBP3-Mediated Regulation of ZEB1 mRNA Stability Promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer
Authors: Hou Pingfu , Li Lin , Chen Fang , Chen Yansu , Liu Hui , Li Jingjing , Bai Jin , Zheng Junnian
Published: November 2017

The RNA polypyrimidine tract-binding protein PTBP3 is a little studied paralog of PTBP1, which has oncogenic properties. In this study, we demonstrate that PTBP3 induces epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast tumor cells and promotes their invasive growth and metastasis. Elevated expression of PTBP3 associated significantly with lymph node metastasis, advanced histology grade, TNM stage, and poor 5-year overall survival of patients. In human mammary epithelial cells, PTBP3 overexpression was sufficient to induce EMT and to enhance cell migration, invasion, and cancer stem-like cell properties. PTBP3 regulated expression of the EMT regulatory transcription factor ZEB1 by binding the 3′UTR of its mRNA, thereby preventing its degradation. Conversely, ZEB1 ablation blocked the ability of PTBP3 to induce EMT. Overall, our findings define PTBP3 as a regulator of EMT that acts by governing expression of ZEB1, and they establish an oncogenic function of PTBP3, suggesting its candidacy as a theranostic target.

Significance: These findings define PTBP3 as a regulator of EMT that acts by governing expression of ZEB1, and they establish an oncogenic function of PTBP3, suggesting its candidacy as a theranostic target. Cancer Res; 78(2); 387–98. ©2017 AACR.
PPARδ Elicits Ligand-Independent Repression of Trefoil Factor Family to Limit Prostate Cancer Growth
Authors: Martín-Martín Natalia , Zabala-Letona Amaia , Fernández-Ruiz Sonia , Arreal Leire , Camacho Laura , Castillo-Martin Mireia , Cortazar Ana R. , Torrano Verónica , Astobiza Ianire , Zúñiga-García Patricia , Ugalde-Olano Aitziber , Loizaga-Iriarte Ana , Unda Miguel , Valcárcel-Jiménez Lorea , Arruabarrena-Aristorena Amaia , Piva Marco , Sánchez-Mosquera Pilar , Aransay Ana M. , Gomez-Muñoz Antonio , Barrio Rosa , Sutherland James D. , Carracedo Arkaitz
Published: November 2017

The nuclear receptor PPAR-β/δ (PPARD) has essential roles in fatty acid catabolism and energy homeostasis as well as cell differentiation, inflammation, and metabolism. However, its contributions to tumorigenesis are uncertain and have been disputed. Here, we provide evidence of tumor suppressive activity of PPARD in prostate cancer through a noncanonical and ligand-independent pathway. PPARD was downregulated in prostate cancer specimens. In murine prostate epithelium, PPARD gene deletion resulted in increased cellularity. Genetic modulation of PPARD in human prostate cancer cell lines validated the tumor suppressive activity of this gene in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, PPARD exerted its activity in a DNA binding-dependent and ligand-independent manner. We identified a novel set of genes repressed by PPARD that failed to respond to ligand-mediated activation. Among these genes, we observed robust regulation of the secretory trefoil factor family (TFF) members, including a causal and correlative association of TFF1 with prostate cancer biology in vitro and in patient specimens. Overall, our results illuminate the oncosuppressive function of PPARD and understanding of the pathogenic molecular pathways elicited by this nuclear receptor.

Significance: These findings challenge the presumption that the function of the nuclear receptor PPARβ/δ in cancer is dictated by ligand-mediated activation. Cancer Res; 78(2); 399–409. ©2017 AACR.
HER2-Driven Breast Tumorigenesis Relies upon Interactions of the Estrogen Receptor with Coactivator MED1
Authors: Yang Yongguang , Leonard Marissa , Zhang Yijuan , Zhao Dan , Mahmoud Charif , Khan Shugufta , Wang Jiang , Lower Elyse E. , Zhang Xiaoting
Published: November 2017

Studies of the estrogen receptor (ER) coactivator protein Mediator subunit 1 (MED1) have revealed its specific roles in pubertal mammary gland development and potential contributions to breast tumorigenesis, based on coamplification of MED1 and HER2 in certain breast cancers. In this study, we generated a mouse model of mammary tumorigenesis harboring the MMTV-HER2 oncogene and mutation of MED1 to evaluate its role in HER2-driven tumorigenesis. MED1 mutation in its ER-interacting LxxLL motifs was sufficient to delay tumor onset and to impair tumor growth, metastasis, and cancer stem-like cell formation in this model. Mechanistic investigations revealed that MED1 acted directly to regulate ER signaling through the downstream IGF1 pathway but not the AREG pathway. Our findings show that MED1 is critical for HER2-driven breast tumorigenesis, suggesting its candidacy as a disease-selective therapeutic target.

Significance: These findings identify an estrogen receptor-binding protein as a critical mediator of HER2-driven breast tumorigenesis, suggesting its candidacy as a disease-selective therapeutic target. Cancer Res; 78(2); 422–35. ©2017 AACR.
Photodynamic Priming Mitigates Chemotherapeutic Selection Pressures and Improves Drug Delivery
Authors: Huang Huang-Chiao , Rizvi Imran , Liu Joyce , Anbil Sriram , Kalra Ashish , Lee Helen , Baglo Yan , Paz Nancy , Hayden Douglas , Pereira Steve , Pogue Brian W. , Fitzgerald Jonathan , Hasan Tayyaba
Published: November 2017

Physiologic barriers to drug delivery and selection for drug resistance limit survival outcomes in cancer patients. In this study, we present preclinical evidence that a subtumoricidal photodynamic priming (PDP) strategy can relieve drug delivery barriers in the tumor microenvironment to safely widen the therapeutic window of a nanoformulated cytotoxic drug. In orthotopic xenograft models of pancreatic cancer, combining PDP with nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) prevented tumor relapse, reduced metastasis, and increased both progression-free survival and 1-year disease-free survival. PDP enabled these durable improvements by targeting multiple tumor compartments to (i) increase intratumoral drug accumulation by >10-fold, (ii) increase the duration of drug exposure above a critical therapeutic threshold, and (iii) attenuate surges in CD44 and CXCR4 expression, which mediate chemoresistance often observed after multicycle chemotherapy. Overall, our results offer preclinical proof of concept for the effectiveness of PDP to minimize risks of tumor relapse, progression, and drug resistance and to extend patient survival.

Significance: A biophysical priming approach overcomes key treatment barriers, significantly reduces metastases, and prolongs survival in orthotopic models of human pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res; 78(2); 558–71. ©2017 AACR.
Outcomes of Children and Adolescents with Advanced Hereditary Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Treated with Vandetanib
Authors: Kraft Ira L. , Akshintala Srivandana , Zhu Yuelin , Lei Haiyan , Derse-Anthony Claudia , Dombi Eva , Steinberg Seth M. , Lodish Maya , Waguespack Steven G. , Kapustina Oxana , Fox Elizabeth , Balis Frank M. , Merino Maria J. , Meltzer Paul S. , Glod John W. , Shern Jack F. , Widemann Brigitte C.
Published: November 2017

Purpose: Vandetanib is well-tolerated in patients with advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Long-term outcomes and mechanisms of MTC progression have not been reported previously.

Experimental Design: We monitored toxicities and disease status in patients taking vandetanib for hereditary, advanced MTC. Tumor samples were analyzed for molecular mechanisms of disease progression.

Results: Seventeen patients [8 male, age 13 (9–17)* years] enrolled; 16 had a RET p.Met918Thr germline mutation. The duration of vandetanib therapy was 6.1 (0.1–9.7+)* years with treatment ongoing in 9 patients. Best response was partial response in 10, stable disease in 6, and progressive disease in one patient. Duration of response was 7.4 (0.6–8.7+)* and 4.9 (0.6–7.8+)* years in patients with PR and SD, respectively. Six patients died 2.0 (0.4–5.7)* years after progression. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 6.7 years [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.3 years–undefined] and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 88.2% (95% CI: 60.6%–96.9%). Of 16 patients with a RET p.Met918Thr mutation, progression-free survival was 6.7 years (95% CI: 3.1–undefined) and 5-year overall survival was 93.8% (95% CI: 63.2%–99.1%). No patients terminated treatment because of toxicity. DNA sequencing of tissue samples (n = 11) identified an increase in copy number alterations across the genome as a potential mechanism of drug resistance [*median (range)].

Conclusions: This study demonstrates that vandetanib is safe and results in sustained responses in children and adolescents with hereditary MTC. Our preliminary molecular data suggest that an increase in copy number abnormalities may be associated with tumor progression in hereditary MTC patients treated with vandetanib. Clin Cancer Res; 24(4); 753–65. ©2017 AACR.
Early Use of Mother's Own Raw Milk, Maternal Satisfaction, and Breastfeeding Continuation in Hospitalised Neonates: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Fischer Fumeaux Céline J. , Denis Angélique , Prudon Malika B. , Plaisant Frank , Essomo Megnier-Mbo Christine Murielle , Fernandes Laetitia , Touzet Sandrine , Claris Olivier , Laborie Sophie
Published: November 2017

Background: Despite the critical importance of breast milk for preterm and sick neonates, there is no consensus regarding the use of raw mother's own milk (MOM) in neonatal units. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the use of raw MOM in hospitalised neonates before day 7 (early use), and to investigate: (i) related factors, (ii) maternal satisfaction, and (iii) the association with breastfeeding continuation. Methods: This prospective cohort included 516 neonates intended to be breastfed in 2 French neonatal units. Neonates receiving raw MOM before day 7 were compared to those who did not. The association between early use of MOM and breastfeeding continuation at hospital discharge, and up to 6 months later, was measured by logistic regression. Results: More than one-third (36.2%) of breastfed neonates did not receive any MOM during their first week, mainly due to organisational constraints and staff reluctance. Maternal satisfaction related to early raw MOM use was high (96%), and was coupled with a more frequent maternal feeling of being supported in breastfeeding (p = 0.003). There was a significant association between early use of MOM and breastfeeding continuation at discharge (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.94-4.40, p < 0.0001), which persisted 6 months later (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.21-6.03, p = 0.023). This association appeared independent in multivariable analyses (at discharge: aOR 2.03, 95% CI 1.27-3.25, p = 0.003; 6 months later: aOR 2.46, 95% CI 1.02-5.92, p = 0.045). Conclusion: While the early use of raw MOM in hospitalised neonates can be limited by multiple factors, it appears supportive for mothers, and might represent a simple opportunity to improve breastfeeding in neonatal units.
Implementation of the Single European Code in a Multi-Tissue Bank
Authors: Schroeter Jan , Schulz Tino , Schroeter Bernard , Fleischhauer Katrin , Pruß Axel
Published: November 2017

Introduction: The traceability of tissue and cells transplants is important to ensure a high level of safety for the recipients. With the final introduction of the Single European Code (SEC) in April 2017 in the EU a consistent system among all member states became mandatory. Methods: The regulations for the SEC on EU and national level were evaluated. An overview on the different parts of the SEC with detailed explanations is given. Our own experiences with the implementation of the SEC in our multi-tissue bank are reported in addition. Results: The implementation of the SEC in our multi-tissue bank could be successfully realized. However, it revealed a number of difficulties, especially the sterile labeling of certain tissue transplants and the complex update of the existing database. Conclusion: The introduction of the SEC has made a contribution to the safety of recipients of tissue and cells transplants through a system of comprehensive and transparent traceability.
Multilocular Hepatic Abscess Formation and Sepsis due to Yersinia enterocolitica in a Patient with Hereditary Hemochromatosis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sauter Matthias , Vavricka Stephan R. , Locher Pascal , Preiswerk Benjamin , Weishaupt Dominik , Meier Christoph A. , Misselwitz Benjamin
Published: November 2017

Infection with Yersinia enterocolitica (YE) typically presents with mild gastroenteritis without systemic infection. However, systemic YE infection has been described in states of iron overload. We present the case of a patient with sepsis with hepatic abscesses due to YE infection. Workup revealed a past diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and hemochromatosis which had been untreated for the previous 5 years due to patient refusal. This case highlights risk factors for systemic infection with YE. A high degree of suspicion for YE infection is warranted in patients with iron overload, diabetes mellitus, or immunosuppression.
Long-Term Colon Stent Patency for Obstructing Colorectal Cancer Combined with Bevacizumab
Authors: Latenstein Anouk E.J. , Hendriks Mathijs P. , van Halsema Emo E. , van Hooft Jeanin E. , van Berkel Anne-Marie
Published: November 2017

Self-expanding metal stents can be considered as initial treatment for malignant large bowel obstruction in the palliative setting. It is suggested that systemic anti-angiogenic therapy increases the risk of stent perforation. We report a 65-year-old woman with a metastatic, obstructing colon tumor who has been successfully treated with stent placement and chemoimmunotherapy consisting of capecitabine and bevacizumab for 8 years.
Esophageal Metastatic Adenocarcinoma Diagnosed with Endoscopic Ultrasound
Authors: Teh Guo Xiang Jonathan , Tan Damien , Khor Jen Lock , Wan Wei Keat , Wang Yu Tien
Published: November 2017

Metastasis to the esophagus from a distant primary cancer is a rare manifestation in a patient with a history of oncological disease presenting with obstructive upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Computed tomography of the thorax or esophagogastroduodenoscopy can be non-diagnostic as the disease tends to be submucosal. In such a situation, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with fine needle aspiration (FNA) can be directed to characterize and sample the submucosal esophageal lesion. We present a case series of metastatic esophageal strictures diagnosed with EUS and FNA.
IL-33 Expression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps and Its Relationship with Clinical Severity
Authors: Song Wei , Wang Chunlei , Zhou Jing , Pan Shenghua , Lin Sen
Published: November 2017

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by epithelial inflammation and tissue eosinophilic infiltration. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a key inflammatory cytokine that mediates eosinophilic infiltration. Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the expression and role of IL-33 in eosinophilic CRS with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP) and in noneosinophilic CRS with nasal polyps (nECRSwNP), and to analyze their correlation with clinical severity. Methods: The study enrolled 25 patients with ECRSwNP, 27 patients with nECRSwNP, and 12 control subjects, based on immunohistochemical staining. Protein and mRNA expressions of IL-33 in sinus mucosal samples were determined by immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-20 (SNOT-20) score, visual analog scale (VAS) score, endoscopy score, and computed tomography (CT) score were assessed preoperatively. Results: IL-33 expression levels in the CRSwNP group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.01), especially in the ECRSwNP group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the ECRSwNP and nECRSwNP groups with respect to SNOT-20 score, VAS score, endoscopy score, or CT score. IL-33 mRNA expression showed a positive correlation with the number of eosinophils (p < 0.05) and endoscopy score (p < 0.05) but not with VAS score and CT score. Conclusion: IL-33 expression plays an important role in patients with CRSwNP. No significant differences were observed between the ECRSwNP and nECRSwNP groups with respect to SNOT-20 score, VAS score, endoscopy score, or CT score. IL-33 expression was correlated with eosinophil counts and endoscopy score.
Assessment of Homocysteine as a Diagnostic and Early Prognostic Biomarker for Patients with Acute Lacunar Infarction
Authors: Fan Huimin , Yang Shuna , Li Yue , Yin Jiangmei , Qin Wei , Yang Lei , Yuan Junliang , Hu Wenli
Published: November 2017

Background: Although increasing evidence has demonstrated that elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels may be an important contributor for the development of cerebral infarction, rare studies focused on its diagnostic and early prognostic roles in acute lacunar infarction. Methods: A total of 197 patients with acute lacunar infarction and 192 to form the control group were prospectively recruited between January 2013 and February 2017. Early neurological deterioration was defined as an increase of ≥2 points in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale or the decrease in Barthel index (BI) score at discharge. Results: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that higher levels of fibrinogen and Hcy were independently clinical predictors associated with lacunar infarction. Receiver operating characteristic curves analysis demonstrated that the diagnosis value of Hcy was superior to fibrinogen, with the area under the curve of 0.881 and 0.688 respectively. Using the optimal cutoff value of 15.5 μmol/L of Hcy, a sensitivity of 65% and a specificity of 100% were achieved for predicting lacunar infarction. Hcy was only significantly related with BI reduction in the males (30.5 [15.5–65.5] vs. 18 [15–24], p = 0.034) in the univariate analysis but not in the females and the multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Serum Hcy may be an independent diagnostic and not an early prognostic biomarker for patients with acute lacunar infarction.
The Geographic Information System applied to study schistosomiasis in Pernambuco
Authors: Barbosa Verônica Santos , Loyo Rodrigo Moraes , Guimarães Ricardo José de Paula Souza e , Barbosa Constança Simões
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVE: Diagnose risk environments for schistosomiasis in coastal localities of Pernambuco using geoprocessing techniques. METHODS: A coproscopic and malacological survey were carried out in the Forte Orange and Serrambi areas. Environmental variables (temperature, salinity, pH, total dissolved solids and water fecal coliform dosage) were collected from Biomphalaria breeding sites or foci. The spatial analysis was performed using ArcGis 10.1 software, applying the kernel estimator, elevation map, and distance map. RESULTS: In Forte Orange, 4.3% of the population had S. mansoni and were found two B. glabrata and 26 B. straminea breeding sites. The breeding sites had temperatures of 25ºC to 41ºC, pH of 6.9 to 11.1, total dissolved solids between 148 and 661, and salinity of 1,000 d. In Serrambi, 4.4% of the population had S. mansoni and were found seven B. straminea and seven B. glabrata breeding sites. Breeding sites had temperatures of 24ºC to 36ºC, pH of 7.1 to 9.8, total dissolved solids between 116 and 855, and salinity of 1,000 d. The kernel estimator shows the clusters of positive patients and foci of Biomphalaria, and the digital elevation map indicates areas of rainwater concentration. The distance map shows the proximity of the snail foci with schools and health facilities. CONCLUSIONS: Geoprocessing techniques prove to be a competent tool for locating and scaling the risk areas for schistosomiasis, and can subsidize the health services control actions.
Prevalence and clinical profile of chronic pain and its association with mental disorders
Authors: Pereira Flávia Garcia , França Mariane Henriques , Paiva Maria Cristina Alochio de , Andrade Laura Helena , Viana Maria Carmen
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of 12-month self-reported pain and chronic pain in a general population and to describe their clinical profile to assess if chronic pain is associated with 12-month mental disorders. METHODS: The data used comes from the São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey, a population-based study assessing adult (≥ 18 years) residents of the São Paulo metropolitan area, Brazil. We have assessed the respondents (n = 5,037) using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0), with a global response rate of 81.3%. Descriptive analyses have been performed, and crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) have been calculated with logistic and multinomial regression and presented with respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: The prevalence of pain and chronic pain in the past 12 months were 52.6% (95%CI 50.3–54.8) and 31.0% (95%CI 29.2–32.7), respectively. Joints (16.5%, 95%CI 15.4–17.5) and back or neck (15.5%, 95%CI 14.2–16.9) were the most frequently reported anatomical sites of chronic pain. On a 10-point analogue scale, the mean intensity of the worst pain was 7.7 (95%CI 7.4–7.8), and the mean average pain was 5.5 (95%CI 5.2–5.6); the mean treatment response was 6.3 (95%CI 6.0–6.6). Mean pain duration was 16.1 (95%CI 15.6–17.0) days a month and 132 (95%CI 126–144) minutes a day. Chronic pain was associated with 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders (OR = 2.7, 95%CI 2.3–3.3), anxiety disorders (OR = 2.1, 95%CI 1.9–3.0), and mood disorders (OR = 3.3, 95%CI 2.4–4.1). CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of chronic pain in multiple sites is observed among the general adult population, and associations between chronic pain and mental disorders are frequent.
Theatre of War: Commemorating World War I in Belgium
Authors: Vanhaesebrouck Karel
Published: November 2017

Every town and village throughout Flanders is commemorating the gruesome events of 1914–1918 with a range of activities. Some of these propose intelligent and thoroughly researched perspectives on WWI, while others are just simple tourist entertainments. Flemish theatre artists enthusiastically contribute to this frenzy, although some choose to deconstruct the folkloric myths to comment on the economics of the commemoration industry or on present-day atrocities.
Exorcism, Autobiography, and Une Chambre en Inde: The Soleil Stages Terrorism and Much More
Authors: Miller Judith G. , Watson Rachel M.
Published: November 2017

What happens when the fabled Théâtre du Soleil takes on Islamic terrorism and its own creative doldrums? Improvisation, the horrors of daily news reports, a residency in India, and the specters of the world’s theatrical traditions come together in a raucous kaleidoscope that fills the titular “room in India” with an overflow of anxiety and fellowship.
Phylogeography and postglacial colonization of Central Europe by Anguis fragilis and Anguis colchica
Authors: Jablonski Daniel , Najbar Bartłomiej , Grochowalska Renata , Gvoždík Václav , Strzała Tomasz
Published: November 2017

Five slow-worm species are distributed in the Palearctic region. Two species, Anguis fragilis and A. colchica, are native to Central Europe, where only limited information on the phylogeography of the genus exists. Here, we examined the situation in Poland and surrounding regions, where a mitochondrial contact zone between the species is expected. We used new mitochondrial DNA sequences and available published data from Central Europe and the northern Balkans. Haplotypes of both species were recorded in the study area. Anguis fragilis is represented by a single haplogroup, while A. colchica by three haplogroups. This suggests four independent sources/refugia for postglacial colonization of northern Central Europe. The mitochondrial contact zone seems to mirror the borders between lowlands of the North European Plain and East European Plain, and the south-eastern Poland uplands, while the Vistula River does not constitute a barrier. The presence of both species, A. fragilis and A. colchica, in Poland should also be considered for protection by the Polish conservation legislation.
Apocryphal Literature, the Characterization of Satan, and the Descensus ad Inferos Tradition in England in the Middle Ages
Authors: Donnelly Colleen
Published: November 2017

This article discusses the role of apocrypha, specifically, the Gospel of Nicodemus in transmitting theological concepts that are not developed in Scripture and considers how such texts were transmitted across the centuries. In particular, this article examines the contribution of the Gospel of Nicodemus and other apocryphal sources to the characterization of Satan, as developed in the descensus ad inferos tradition in England throughout the Middle Ages and also considers how authors’ varying intents, the needs of audiences, and modes of presentation may have impacted the manner in which characters were portrayed and the event was structured.
Christian Apokatastasis and Zoroastrian Frashegird
Authors: Ramelli Ilaria L.E.
Published: November 2017

The theory of universal restoration (apokatastasis), the eventual eviction of evil and the purification, conversion and salvation of all rational creatures, was prominent in early Christian thinkers and present in more Patristic theologians than is commonly assumed. But, besides having philosophical, Biblical, and Jewish roots, may it have stemmed from another religion? The only suitable candidate would be Zoroastrianism. An analysis of the available sources concerning Zoroastrian eschatology shows that it is improbable that this may have influenced the Christian apokatastasis doctrine. At least, it is impossible to prove anything like this, mainly for chronological reasons. Fruitful interactions may, however, have occurred at the time of Bardaisan. This essays shows the importance of comparative religio-historical studies, and the reconceptualizing of theological doctrines into social discourse, for research into early Christianity.
Protecting Civilians in Non-permissive Contexts: A Tentative Typology of Humanitarian Crises
Authors: Kent Gregory
Published: November 2017

The global failure to respond effectively to mass atrocity crises in Rwanda, Bosnia, Syria and many other man-made catastrophes, can be understood as a result of failures of analysis, of a lack of preparedness and of limited political will to prevent or protect. This article offers an analytic innovation in the form of a classificatory typology in order to better consider civilian protection crises (in non-permissive environments) in terms of the estimated risk to civilians and the feasibility of protection. It should be seen as one tool in a developing set of analytic instruments for protection purposes. The civilian protection typology proposed here draws on a range of factors relevant to risk and feasibility, simplifying a hugely complex area of human activity to enable types of protection crisis to be established, permitting prioritisation of cases. The case of Syria – the worst humanitarian crisis since wwii – is examined using this framework, illustrating where this crisis might lie in the typology.
The immature stages of Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) gladiator Flint 1978 (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae), with notes on distribution and bionomics
Authors: DESIDÉRIO GLEISON ROBSON , PES ANA MARIA , HAMADA NEUSA , NESSIMIAN JORGE LUIZ
Published: November 2017

Immature stages of many Brazilian Smicridea species remains unknown, and efforts to describe all life stages are required. In this paper, the larva and pupa of Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) gladiator Flint 1978, associated with adults through the metamorphotype method, are described and illustrated. In addition, the known distribution of this species is extended in the Brazilian Amazon Basin with new records from Amazonas state and the first record in Pará state. Information about its bionomics is also provided.
On the systematic position of the genera Paraplastis Hampson, Migoplastis Felder and Dondera Moore (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae)
Authors: DUBATOLOV VLADIMIR V. , VOLYNKIN ANTON V.
Published: November 2017

Type species of three poorly known Arctiinae genera, Paraplastis Hampson, 1901, Migoplastis Felder, 1868 and Dondera Moore, 1877 are examined. All three taxa are transferred here from the subtribe Arctiina to the subtribe Nyctemerina of the tribe Arctiini. Paraplastis and Migoplastis (= Pachyphilonia Butler) are synonymized with the subgenus Deilemera Hübner, [1820] of the genus Nyctemera Hübner, [1820]. Dondera is synonymized with the subgenus Arctata Roepke, 1949 of the genus Nyctemera, and recognized as the older name for the subgenus. Three new combinations are established: Nyctemera (Deilemera) hampsoni (Swinhoe, 1889), comb. nov., Nyctemera (Deilemera) correcta (Walker, [1865]), comb. nov. and Nyctemera (Dondera) alba (Moore, 1877), comb. nov. The check-list of the subgenus Dondera is presented. Male and female genitalia of N. correcta and N. alba and female genitalia of N. hampsoni are described and illustrated for the first time.
Taxonomy of 'Euconnus complex'. Part XVI. Alloconophron Franz transferred to Anhoraeomorphus Franz as subgenus, with notes on systematic position of Noctophus Casey (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)
Authors: JAŁOSZYŃSKI PAWEŁ
Published: November 2017

Based on examination of type species, Alloconophron, previously a subgenus of Euconnus, is placed as a subgenus of Anhoraeomorphus, resulting in Anhoraeomorphus (Alloconophron) grucheti (Franz) comb. n. and Anhoraeomorphus (Alloconophron) impressifrons (Franz) comb. n. All species of Anhoraeomorphus are known to occur in Madagascar. Noctophus stat. rest., a North American taxon originally described as a genus and later placed as a subgenus of Euconnus, is restituted as genus and redefined. Noctophus is morphologically surprisingly similar to Anhoraeomorphus, it also shares many structures with the Australo-Pacific Sciacharis. As Noctophus is known from one species represented by a single female holotype only, and the maxillary palps of this specimen are missing, the proposed placement of Noctophus is tentative and requires further study based on complete male specimens.
The EU-FP7 ERA-CLIM2 Project Contribution to Advancing Science and Production of Earth System Climate Reanalyses
Authors: Buizza Roberto , Brönnimann Stefan , Haimberger Leopold , Laloyaux Patrick , Martin Matthew J. , Fuentes Manuel , Alonso-Balmaseda Magdalena , Becker Andreas , Blaschek Michael , Dahlgren Per , de Boisseson Eric , Dee Dick , Doutriaux-Boucher Marie , Feng Xiangbo , John Viju O. , Haines Keith , Jourdain Sylvie , Kosaka Yuki , Lea Daniel , Lemarié Florian , Mayer Michael , Messina Palmira , Perruche Coralie , Peylin Philippe , Pullainen Jounie , Rayner Nick , Rustemeier Elke , Schepers Dinand , Saunders Roger , Schulz Jörg , Sterin Alexander , Stichelberger Sebastian , Storto Andrea , Testut Charles-Emmanuel , Valente Maria-Antóonia , Vidard Arthur , Vuichard Nicolas , Weaver Anthony , While James , Ziese Markus
Published: November 2017

The European Reanalysis of Global Climate Observations 2 (ERA-CLIM2) is a European Union Seventh Framework Project started in January 2014 and due to be completed in December 2017. It aims to produce coupled reanalyses, which are physically consistent datasets describing the evolution of the global atmosphere, ocean, land surface, cryosphere, and the carbon cycle. ERA-CLIM2 has contributed to advancing the capacity for producing state-of-the-art climate reanalyses that extend back to the early twentieth century. ERA-CLIM2 has led to the generation of the first European ensemble of coupled ocean, sea ice, land, and atmosphere reanalyses of the twentieth century. The project has funded work to rescue and prepare observations and to advance the data-assimilation systems required to generate operational reanalyses, such as the ones planned by the European Union Copernicus Climate Change Service. This paper summarizes the main goals of the project, discusses some of its main areas of activities, and presents some of its key results.
Relationships between Electrification and Storm-Scale Properties Based on Idealized Simulations of an Intensifying Hurricane-Like Vortex
Authors: Fierro Alexandre O. , Mansell Edward R.
Published: November 2017

This study investigates relationships between storm-scale properties and the electrification and lightning of two simulations of an intensifying idealized tropical cyclone (TC) using the cloud-resolving Collaborative Model for Multiscale Atmospheric Simulation (COMMAS). To produce an intensifying storm, an initial weak TC is subjected to a linear increase in sea surface temperature.

As the TC intensifies, lightning flash rates increase in both the inner core (r ≤ 100 km) and outer region (100 < r ≤ 300 km). As time progresses, lightning in the outer region gradually decreases, while the inner-core lightning remains relatively steady. Bootstrapped correlation statistics using 1000 random samples between the pressure trace and time series of lightning rates shows a statistically significant negative correlation between inner-core lightning and TC intensification. Lightning rates in the outer bands were found to lag minimum surface pressure by 12 h.

The increases in lightning in both the inner core and outer region coincided well with increases in 0.5 g kg−1 graupel and 5 m s−1 updraft volumes in each respective region. Correlation statistics with selected kinematic and microphysical variables known to be associated with lightning in thunderstorms, such as the ice water path, integrated updraft volume, and graupel volume, revealed that their increase in the inner core indicated an ongoing deepening, similar to the lightning. Trends in these proxy variables in the outer bands were also found to lag TC intensification by 12 h.

Overall, the best linear relationships with lightning in either the inner core or the outer region were obtained with the 0.5 g kg−1 graupel volume and total graupel mass.
Internalized stigma in people with severe mental illness in rural China
Authors: Ran Mao-Sheng , Zhang Tian-Ming , Wong Irene Yin-Ling , Yang Xin , Liu Chang-Cheng , Liu Bo , Luo Wei , Kuang Wei-Hong , Thornicroft Graham , Chan Cecilia Lai-Wan ,   CMHP Study Group
Published: November 2017

Background:

It is unknown whether there are differences in self-stigma among persons with different types of severe mental illness (SMI) in rural communities.

Aim:

This study was to examine the differences of self-stigma and its correlates in persons with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder in a rural community in China.

Methods:

A total of 453 persons with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder in a rural community participated in the study. The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) was used to measure self-stigma. The t-test and analyses of variance (ANOVA) were used to examine the differences in mean scores of ISMI and subscales among the three diagnoses. Logistic regression was used to explore the contributing factors to the level of self-stigma among the three groups.

Results:

Self-stigma was moderate and severe with 94.7% of the total sample. Persons with schizophrenia had significantly higher mean scores of total ISMI, alienation and discrimination experience than those with bipolar disorders. Lower family income was significantly associated with higher levels of self-stigma in persons with schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. Factors predicting the level of self-stigma among the three groups were various.

Conclusion:

Self-stigma is common and severe in persons with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, especially those with lower income status in rural community in China. Persons with schizophrenia may have higher levels of self-stigma than those with bipolar disorder. Individual-level interventions should be developed to reduce self-stigma among persons with SMI in Chinese rural communities.
Promoting free flow in the networks: Reimagining the body in early modern Suzhou
Authors: Scheid Volker
Published: November 2017

The history of Chinese medicine is still widely imagined in terms dictated by the discourse of modernity, that is as ‘traditional’ and ‘Chinese.’ And yet, so as to be intelligible to us moderns, it must simultaneously be framed through categories that make it comparable somehow to the ‘West’ and the ‘modern’ from which it is said to be essentially different. This is accomplished, for instance, by viewing Chinese medicine as fundamentally shaped by cosmological thinking, as focusing on process rather than matter, and as forever hampered by attachments to the past even when it tries to innovate. At the same time, it is described as pursuing its objectives in ways that make sense in ‘our’ terms, too, such as the goal of creating physiological homeostasis through methods of supplementation and drainage. In this paper, I seek to move beyond this kind of analysis through a two-pronged approach. First, by focusing on the concept of tong 通 - a character that calls forth images of free flow, connectivity, relatedness and understanding - I foreground an important aspect of Chinese medical thinking and practice that has virtually been ignored by Western historians of medicine and science. Second, by exploring how the influential physician Ye Tianshi 葉天士 (1664–1746) employed tong to advance medical thinking and practice at a crucial moment of change in the history of Chinese medicine, I demonstrate that physicians in early modern China moved towards new understandings of the body readily intelligible by modern biomedical anatomy. I argue that this mode of analysis allows us to transcend the limitations inherent in the current historiography of Chinese medicine: because it allows for comparison to emerge from our subject matter rather than imposing our imaginaries onto it in advance.
A Study of the Impact of Screening for Poly-Victimization in Juvenile Justice: The Rocky Road to a Successful Investigation in the Real World
Authors: Ford Julian D. , Cruise Keith R. , Grasso Damion J. , Holloway Evan
Published: November 2017

Poly-victimization during formative developmental periods represents an important focus for screening and assessment in settings and populations in which interpersonal violence is pervasive. This article describes the multistage evolution of a research project designed to empirically test a poly-victimization enhancement of a widely used and validated behavioral health screening tool for youth using retrospective and prospective archival juvenile justice system outcome data. Several operational and methodological revisions to the project’s design and procedures were necessitated by barriers that arose as a result of unforeseen shifts in the host juvenile justice system’s policies and personnel. The present report describes real-world challenges that face investigators working in public sector systems, and highlights the key role of establishing long-term collaborative professional relationships with personnel at all levels in those systems based on providing services and evaluation data that meet the system’s core goals, responsibilities, and mission. Also highlighted are the methodological and logistical adaptations needed to successfully accomplish a project’s internal objectives while striking a balance between flexibility in operational and methodological tactics on one hand, and adherence to ethical, conceptual/clinical, and methodological principles on the other hand.
Socioeconomic Position Across the Life Course and Cognitive Ability Later in Life: The Importance of Considering Early Cognitive Ability
Authors: Foverskov Else , Mortensen Erik Lykke , Holm Anders , Pedersen Jolene Lee Masters , Osler Merete , Lund Rikke
Published: November 2017

Objective: Investigate direct and indirect associations between markers of socioeconomic position (SEP) across the life course and midlife cognitive ability while addressing methodological limitations in prior work. Method: Longitudinal data from the Danish Metropolit cohort of men born in 1953 ( N = 2,479) who completed ability tests at age 12, 18, and 56-58 linked to register-based information on paternal occupational class, educational attainment, and occupational level. Associations were assessed using structural equation models, and different models were estimated to examine the importance of accounting for childhood ability and measurement error. Results: Associations between adult SEP measures and midlife ability decreased significantly when adjusting for childhood ability and measurement error. The association between childhood and midlife ability was by far the strongest. Discussion: The impact of adult SEP on later life ability may be exaggerated when not accounting for the stability of individual differences in cognitive ability and measurement error in test scores.