bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
JN.1 Variant Alert: Pakistan's Precarious Healthcare System under Intense Scrutiny
Authors: Mehmood Kanza , Moazzam Maryam , Sajid Minahil Fatima
Published: April 2024

The recent COVID-19 variant, JN 1, identified by the World Health Organization, is considered a notable strain stemming from the OMICRON subvariant BA.2.86. Despite its unique spike protein mutation (S:L455S), JN.1 is anticipated to have minimal impact on global public health. The singular modification in the virus's spike protein, distinguishing JN.1 from BA.2.86, suggests that existing vaccines should effectively counter both variants. The World Health Organization emphasizes the continued efficacy of current vaccines in protecting against diseases and deaths caused by JN.1, urging individuals, especially those at high risk, to maintain updated vaccinations
LEGAL REGULATION OF MEDIATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Klimkin Sergey Ivanovich , Kazbayeva Assel Gabidenovna
Published: April 2024

The Center for legal monitoring of the Republican State Enterprise on the REM «The Institute of Legislation and Legal Information of the Republic of Kazakhstan» is conducting fundamental and applied scientific research on the topic: «Scientific support of legislative activity in the Republic of Kazakhstan». Within the framework of this research, the issues on the development of specific proposals for improving the legislation are being considered, which should contribute to the implementation of the legal policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Currently, the Republic of Kazakhstan is working on implementation of the Addresses of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan - Elbasy N.A. Nazarbayev «Strategies-2050: a new political course of the established state» and «The third modernization of Kazakhstan: global competitiveness», as well as the Address of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan K.-J. Tokayev «Kazakhstan in a new reality: time for action» dated September 1, 2020. As part of this work, the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan is carrying out large-scale work on the development of legislation in various areas of legal regulation. This article is devoted to the analysis of effectiveness of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated January 28, 2011 No. 401-IV «On Mediation» for the presence of shortcomings, contradictions, inconsistencies, gaps, as well as the issue of expediency of its operation. In particular, the issues of legal regulation of mediation in the Republic of Kazakhstan were considered. A brief analysis of the formation of this alternative method of resolving disputes (conflicts) is carried out. The correlation of the Mediation Law with normative legal acts of higher legal force is considered. Conclusions are drawn on the issue of compliance of the Law with the strategic goals of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The opinions of individual Kazakh researchers of this issue are used. A significant place in the article is occupied by the analysis of the Mediation Law in order to identify defects that contribute to the various practices of its application.
LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Maishekina Eldana Sovetovna , Abdrakhmanov Medet Kaucherkhanovich , Dushechkina Elena Vladimirovna
Published: April 2024

Local self-government is the foundation of national statehood. It is at the local level that many socio-economic tasks can be successfully solved and real conditions created to ensure sustainable growth and well-being of the population. Being a social state, the Republic of Kazakhstan has an original experience in the formation and development of a municipal government system built on the significant influence of the people's representation. The analysis of the peculiarities of its formation, the results of which are reflected in the text of the article, contains new scientific knowledge that has the prospect of practical approbation in improving legislation on the basics of local self-government. Comparing the doctrinal positions expressed in the Kazakh and foreign legal press, it was possible to identify the presence of common problems in the organization and activities of local self-government bodies in various states. The purpose of the study was to form a set of scientifically based recommendations characterizing the directions of development of legal support for the functioning of local self-government. Using the results obtained experimentally, having studied the state of judicial practice reflecting the quality of local self–government in the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as a set of traditional general scientific and private scientific methods, the authors came to the conclusion that it is possible – in the conditions of convergence of national legal systems - to create a general concept of the organization of local self-government that has the trust of citizens and is based on a democratic elective form of recruitment. In a state governed by the rule of law, all the essential features of which are enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan and implemented in the activities of state authorities, it is this model of local self-government that acquires maximum efficiency.
Deprem Sonrası Ortaya Çıkan Dayanışma Ağları ve Gerilim Hatlarının Sosyolojik Analizi: 6 Şubat Depremleri Örneği
Authors: Selçuk Nurullah
Published: April 2024

Depremler, neden olduğu yıkım nedeniyle dünyanın her yerinde bireyler üzerinde önemli ölçüde travmalara neden olmaktadır. Depremler, yer kabuğu hareketliliği olarak jeolojik kökenli bir faaliyet iken, toplumsal sistemin devam ettiği alanda oluşturduğu etki nedeniyle önemli sosyal sonuçları olan doğal afetlerdir. Ekonomik ve psikolojik boyutta önemli ölçüde yıkımlara neden olan bu afet, sosyal yaşam ve düzeni üzerinde oluşturduğu etkileri de göz önüne alındığında, toplumsal sistemi kökten etkileyecek değişimlere neden olmakta ve sosyolojik boyutta da önemli sonuçlar ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma depremin neden olduğu toplumsal değişimleri ve tahribatı, dayanışma pratikleri ve gerilim hatları çerçevesinde irdelemektedir. Dolayısıyla çalışmada, deprem sonrası toplumsal dayanışma pratiklerinin ve yönetiminin sonucundaki gerilim hatlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde meydana gelen depremler sonucunda çeşitli illerden göç etmek zorunda kalmış 15 depremzede ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşmeler çerçevesinde elde edilen veriler parçalanarak kodlanmış, benzer kodlar bir araya getirilerek temalar oluşturulmuştur. Yapılan değerlendirmeler; kaynakların eşit olmayan dağılımı (ya da algısı), iletişim sorunları ve ihtiyaç tespitinin etkinliği başlıkları altında yorumlanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar ve yorumlar çerçevesinde çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
MCDM Review in marketing and managerial decisions: Practical implications and Future research
Authors: Tarnanidis Theodore , Papathanasiou Jason , Mareschal Bertrand , Vlachopoulou Maro
Published: April 2024

This research presents a short review of Multiple Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods and research in various fields, including marketing and business management. The academic literature shows that MCDM methods in the area of marketing are used by academics to solve problems related to the positioning of products and services, market segmentation, brand management, promotion and advertising strategies, product development and market entry strategies, customer relationship marketing and channel distribution. With regard to business and management domains they are used to prioritize various decision-making aspects, like project assessments, resource allocation, strategic planning, risk management, performance evaluation, supplier and vendor selection, human resource management and strategic investment decisions. We can claim that in both domains, MCDM brings a systematic and transparent approach to decision-making, helping marketing managers to make more informed and objective choices. In summary, the continual refinement of these methods and the integration of cutting-edge technologies hold promise for further enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of decision-making processes in the dynamic landscape of business and management. Further, the analysis highlights emerging trends and challenges for the future of MCDM research.
Existence of solutions for boundary value problems for first order impulsive difference equations
Authors: Bouchal Lydia , Mebarki Karima , Georgiev Svetlin
Published: April 2024

In this work, we establish sufficient conditions for the existence of nonnegative solutions for a class of first order impulsive difference equations with a family of nonlinear boundary conditions. To prove our main result we use a new topological approach on the fixed point index theory for the sum of two operators in Banach spaces. An example is given to illustrate the main result.
New Parametrization of Bertrand Partner D-curves in $\mathbb{E}^{3}$
Authors: Tamta Stuti , Gupta Ram Shankar
Published: April 2024

We define and study a new parametrization of a Bertrand partner D-curve \{$\alpha$,$\alpha^{*}$\} in Euclidean 3-space by not taking Darboux frame element $g^{*}$ of Bertrand partner D-curve $\alpha^{*}$ parallel to $\overrightarrow{\alpha \alpha^{*}}$. We obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for a curve to be such type of Bertrand D-curves. Also, we obtain a characterization of a new parametrization of asymptotic Bertrand D-curves and provide an example.
On the solutions and behavior of rational systems of diﬀerence equations
Authors: Elsayed Elsayed M. , Gafel H. S.
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we obtain the expressions of the solutions of the following nonlinear systems of difference equations
x_{n+1}=((x_{n-9})/(1+x_{n-9}y_{n-4})), y_{n+1}=((y_{n-9})/(±1±x_{n-4}y_{n-9})),n=0,1,...,
where the initial conditions x₋₉, x₋₈, x₋₇, x₋₆, x₋₅, x₋₄, x₋₃, x₋₂, x₋₁, x₀, y₋₉, y₋₈, y₋₇, y₋₆, y₋₅, y₋₄, y₋₄, y₋₃, y₋₂, y₋₁, y₀ are arbitrary non zero real numbers.
Numerical method of the exact control for the elastic string problem with moving boundary
Authors: Moraes Carla E. O. de , Rincon Mauro Antonio , Antunes Gladson O.
Published: April 2024

The objective of this article is to investigate, analytically and numerically, the exact control problem associated with a mathematical model that describes the vertical vibrations of elastic strings, with moving contours. To determine the approximate numerical solution, following the description of the HUM (Hilbert Uniqueness Method), the finite element method associated with the Newmark method was used for the adjunct problem and the backward problem. To calculate the optimal control, the conjugated gradient method is used. The properties of a numerical problem must be consistent with the theoretical mathematical one. However, in order to obtain the numerical control, the grid is of fundamental importance, so we used the Bi-Grid technique. In this way, we developed an algorithm to solve this problem. Numerical simulations were performed for different initial data and moving contours, with and without the Bi-Grid algorithm and the numerical results confirmed the consistency between the theoretical and numerical results.
Nonparametric estimation of the copula function with bivariate twice censored data
Authors: Samia Toumi , Mohamed Boukeloua , Nesrine Idiou , Fatah Benatia
Published: April 2024

In this work, we are interested in the nonparametric estimation of the copula function in the presence of bivariate twice censored data. Assuming that the copula functions of the right and the left censoring variables are known, we propose an estimator of the joint distribution function of the variables of interest, then we derive an estimator of their copula function. Using a representation of the proposed estimator of the joint distribution function as a sum of independent and identically distributed variables, we establish the weak convergence of the empirical copula that we introduce.
Numerical modeling of underground flow through porous media using volumes scheme
Authors: Charhabil A. , Jelti Sanae , El Ghordaf J.
Published: April 2024

The Richards equation attracts the attention of several researchers due to its importance in the hydrogeology field especially the flow through porous soil. It is a non linear partial differential equation that has no general analytic solution. Thus, the need to use numerical methods to solve it. In this work, a finite volumes scheme is used to simulate the pressure form and the mixed form of Richards equation in one dimension. Euler explicit and implicit schemes are used for the time discretization and a condition of scheme’s stability is given. Different test cases are done to validate the accuracy and the efficiency of the proposed numerical model
Existence and Ulam-Hyers stability results for a class of fractional integro-differential equations involving nonlocal fractional integro-differential boundary conditions
Authors: Haddouchi Faouzi
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a class of fractional integro- differential boundary value problems involving both Riemann–Liouville and Caputo fractional derivatives, and supplemented with multi-point and nonlocal Riemann-Liouville fractional integral and Caputo fractional deriv- ative boundary conditions. Our results are based on some known tools of fixed point theory. We also study the Ulam–Hyers stability for the proposed fractional problems. Finally, some illustrative examples are included to verify the validity of our results.
Handwritten online signature verification and Forgery Detection for Online Handwritten Signature using Hybrid Wavelet Transform-1 with HMM classifier
Authors: Manoj Chavan
Published: April 2024

Online signature verification employs a distinctive biometric trait by utilizing both static and dynamic features extracted from 2D signature images. A hybrid wavelet transform, denoted as HWT-1 with a size of 256, is formed through the Kronecker product of two orthogonal transforms, such as DCT, DHT, Haar, Hadamard, and Kekre, each with sizes 4 and 64. This HWT facilitates signal analysis at both global and local levels, akin to traditional wavelet transforms. Specifically, HWT-1 processes the 256 samples of online handwritten signatures, yielding 128 samples that constitute the feature vectors for signature verification and forgery detection. These feature vectors are then inputted into the Left-Right and Ergodic Hidden Markov Model (HMM) classifiers for further analysis. The HMMs are trained using 10 randomly selected genuine signature samples and subsequently tested with the remaining 10 genuine signatures and 20 forged signatures from the SVC 2004 signature database, repeating this process 20 times to compute average values. Among all possible combinations of HWT-1 utilizing DCT, DHT, Haar, Hadamard, and Kekre transforms for the Left-Right HMM model, the combination of DCT 4 and Haar 64 demonstrates the best performance with a False Rejection Rate (FRR) and False Acceptance Rate (FAR) of 1.05% and 0.99%, respectively, at state 3. Similarly, considering all feasible combinations of HWT-1 for the Ergodic HMM model, the combination of DCT 4 and Kekre 64 yields the optimal performance with an FRR and FAR of 1.24% and 1.33%, respectively, at state 3.
A Study of The Main Electrophysical Parameters of Semiconductor - Polymer Based Composite Varistors
Authors: Ahadzade Shafag , Nurubeyli Tarana , Vakulenko Iqor , Asgarov Khangardash
Published: April 2024

The main electrophysical parameters of composite varistors made on the basis of filled zinc oxide (ZnO), monocrystalline silicon (Si), gallium arsenide (GaAs), indium arsenide (InAs) and various polymers were studied in this work. In the article, the sample preparation process is described, interphase interaction is discussed. The nonlinearity coefficient () and opening voltages (Uop) of volt-ampere characteristics in filled ZnO, monocrystalline Si ceramic semiconductors and polymer-based composite varistors were determined. The volt-ampere characteristics of monocrystalline Si, GaAs and InAs and polymer-based composites were also measured. The shape of the potential hole in the mentioned composites has been determined. It was found that the opening voltage and the nonlinearity of the volt-ampere characteristic of polymer-semiconductor composites mainly depend on the properties of the 3rd phase. According to the experiment, it was found that as the filler volume percentage increases in ZnO, monocrystalline Si, GaAs and InAs and polymer-based composites, the increases in all samples, and the Uop decreases. Depending on the type of dispersant, the opening voltages of the composites are different. Thus, in ZnO-polymer-based composites with additives, this voltage varies between 130-220 V, and in monocrystalline Si, GaAs and InAs and polymer-based composites, it varies between 5-50 V. The analysis of the shape of the potential hole in composites based on monocrystalline Si, GaAs, and InAs has shown that the value of the forbidden zone in the composites decreases, and the value of the potential barrier decreases sharply.
8622RH ve 20MnCr5 Çeliklerinin Aşınma ve Mekanik Özelliklerine Gaz Karbürleme İşleminin Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Coşar Dilek , Gaşan Hakan
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmada, otomotiv arka aks dişlilerde kullanılan malzemelerden 8622RH ve 20MnCr5 çeliklerinin karbürizasyon işlemi sonrası mekanik özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. 8622RH ve 20MnCr5 çelikleri, 930 ˚C sıcaklıkta, %1.2 C ortam konsantrasyonunda 395 dakika süre ile gaz karbürizasyon işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. Daha sonra sıcaklık 830 ˚C’ye düşürülmüş ve ortam konsantrasyonu %0.9’a set edilmiştir. Bu sıcaklıkta da numuneler 60 dakika tutulmuştur. Karbürizasyon işlemi ardından numuneler 100 ˚C’deki yağ banyosu içinde 30 dakika bekletilmiştir. Bu adımdan sonra, temper prosesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Temperleme prosesi 175 ˚C’de 110 dakika süre ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. 8622RH ve 20MnCr5 çeliklerinin ısıl işlem öncesi ve sonrası mikroyapı analizleri, sertlik ölçümleri, darbe ve aşınma deneyleri yapılarak, sonuçlar ortaya konmuştur. Mikroyapı incelemelerinde geleneksel metalografi ve taramalı elektron mikroskobisi (SEM) teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Malzeme mikroyapılarının birbirine benzer olduğu, karbürizasyon işlemi sonucunda her iki malzemenin de mekanik özellikleri arasında çok farklılık olmasa da 8622RH malzemesinin yüzey sertliğinin, 20MnCr5’e göre daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Bu durumun 8622RH çeliğinin içeriğindeki Ni ve Mo alaşım elementlerinin yüksek sertleşebilme yeteneğinden kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.Her iki malzemenin aşınma oranları karşılaştırıldığında ise, 20MnCr5 çeliğinin aşınma miktarının, 8622RH çeliğine göre daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Malzemelerin aşınma direnci ile sertliklerinin doğrudan ilgisi olması sebebiyle, yüksek sertliğe sahip olan 8622RH malzemesinin aşınma dayanımının daha yüksek olması beklenen bir sonuçtur.
Sustainable Heat Supply for Greenhouses with Heatpumps
Authors: Chaigneau Matthieu , Nienborg Björn
Published: April 2024

The heating of greenhouses in Germany is yearly responsible for the emission of about 3 million tCO2eq. In the small horticultural city of Straelen in North-west Germany, the possibility to partially replace the heat supply of greenhouses with heat pumps instead of CO2-intensive coal and oil boilers has been investigated. Different scenarios based on the power of the heat pump and the type of source (air or ground) have been simulated and compared economically and ecologically. Over the lifetime of the whole system, the levelized cost of heat for a combined heat pump & gas boiler heating system is lower than the reference case (coal & gas boilers). The installation of a heatpump covering at least 70% of the yearly heat demand would reduce the CO2-emission from minimum 70%.
Cardiac Coherence and the Effectiveness of Cardiovascular Biofeedback in the Nursing Team: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Antoniolli Liliana , Macedo Andréia Barcellos Teixeira , Vega Edwing Alberto Urrea , Dal Pai Daiane , Day Carolina Baltar , Souza Sônia Beatriz Cócaro de
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Through guided and conscious deep breathing, cardiovascular biofeedback, an innovative technological tool that enables improved cardiac coherence and activation of the parasympathetic nervous system, which are vital for recovering and maintaining homeostasis and psycho-emotional health. Objective: To verify the effect of cardiovascular biofeedback on heart rate variability parameters in nursing professionals. Materials and Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial conducted in two groups — biofeedback and placebo — with 115 nursing professionals working in clinical and surgical inpatient units at a university hospital, who presented an overall stress level higher than 1, according to the Stress Symptom Scale. The groups participated in nine appointments over three weeks. The outcome was assessed by rMSSD parameters and cardiac coherence at the end of each appointment, which were measured using EmWave Pro Plus®, which uses photoplethysmography to quantify physiological data related to the heartbeat. The analysis was performed using generalized estimation equations, considering α = 5 %. Results: There was a significant time-group interaction in cardiac coherence parameters; the intervention group presented an increase in the mean cardiac coherence parameters at all measurement times, when compared to the control group (p < 0.001; r > 0.98). There was no significant time-group interaction in the rMSSD parameters at any of the measurement times (p = 0.432). As a mind-body therapy, cardiovascular biofeedback proved to be useful and promising. By promoting parasympathetic activation and relaxation, it is possible to prevent the deleterious effects associated with occupational stressors. Conclusion: The intervention with cardiovascular biofeedback proved to be superior to placebo in improving cardiac coherence, resulting in the recovery of the body’s homeostasis.
Mortality from breast cancer and use of pesticides in the western mesoregion of Santa Catarina – Brazil
Authors: Silva Maria Isabel Gonçalves da , Moreno Marcelo , De Sá Clodoaldo Antônio , Rizzi Carlos Alberto , Ribeiro Eduardo Augusto Werneck , Ripke Marcia Orth , Corralo Vanessa da Silva
Published: April 2024

A exposição crônica aos agrotóxicos disruptores endócrinos pode relacionar-se ao surgimento de câncer de mama em regiões agrícolas. Objetivou-se investigar se o consumo de agrotóxicos possui correlação com as taxas de mortalidade por câncer de mama na população feminina do oeste catarinense. Realizou-se um estudo ecológico retrospectivo. De bancos de dados públicos obtiveram-se o número de óbitos por câncer de mama e a produção agrícola por área plantada da mesorregião oeste. A média dos coeficientes padronizados de mortalidade foi calculada nos períodos: 2005 a 2009, 2010 a 2014 e 2015 a 2019. Os dados brutos do consumo de agrotóxicos foram agrupados de 2000 a 2004, considerando-se que os efeitos biológicos de uma exposição crônica ocorrem tardiamente. Assim, considerou-se uma exposição pregressa, em que o consumo de agrotóxicos antecedeu os períodos de mortalidade em cinco, dez e 15 anos. Para a análise estatística, utilizaram-se a cartografia temática e a técnica Quantum GIS. Empregou-se o método de overlay para realizar a correlação espacial. Considerando-se 15 anos de exposição, a soma dos municípios com taxa acima da média de mortalidade por câncer de mama foi de 93 dos 118 dos municípios do oeste catarinense, que apresentam histórico acima da média para o consumo de agrotóxicos (R2=0,69). Em 79% dos casos, a mortalidade ocorreu a uma frequência acima da média em municípios cujo consumo de agrotóxicos também ultrapassou a média regional. Foi possível correlacionar, proporcionalmente, as taxas de mortalidade por câncer de mama com o uso de agrotóxicos disruptores endócrinos.
José Venturelli, pionero en las relaciones Chile-China: desde la diplomacia cultural a actor no estatal
Authors: Ahumada Figueroa Mónica
Published: April 2024

Las relaciones entre Chile y China se enmarcan en la figura de José Venturelli, quien en forma pionera vio a China como un referente a seguir. Esta afirmación tiene aspectos relevantes dado que su figura como artista e intelectual en un contexto de Guerra Fría fue controvertida e invisibilizada en virtud de su radical compromiso con el país asiático. En este artículo se indaga sobre su trayectoria como pintor-muralista; su compromiso radical con la República Popular China desde la diplomacia cultural; sus vínculos políticos con el Partido Comunista y su rol como actor no estatal con residencias en Chile, China, Cuba y Suiza. El análisis se aborda desde la perspectiva de la diplomacia cultural y de los actores no estatales que intervienen en la construcción de nuevos espacios de discusión.
Developing methodology to evaluate eye lens dose for medical staff
Authors: Tran Yen Nhi , Pham Nhu Tuyen , Dang Thanh Luong
Published: April 2024

Due to epidemiological evidence on the increasing incidence of cataracts in interventional doctors, The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommended decreasing the eye lens dose limit from 150 mSv/year to 20 mSv/year. Thus, The current status of dose assessment for healthcare workers shows that it requires more precise measurements of eye lens dose. we have researched Investigating dosimetric characteristics of OSLD nanoDot and Inlight type, using a multi–filter technique to determine the average air kerma of the incident beam and other essential dosimetric factors such as the relative energy responses and conversion coefficients from the air kerma to personal dose equivalent operational quantities Hp(d). Based on it developed the methodologies to evaluate eye lens dose for medical staff, especially high-risk subjects such as interventional doctors. Results show that 3 methods to evaluate eye lens dose have been deployed in the cardiovascular intervention department: directly by nanoDot dosimeter, indirectly by personal dosimeter (Inlight), and quick method based on the relationship with exposure duration. In one case, the doctor exceeded the threshold dose of 20 mSv/year without protective measures. Besides that, the risk of cataracts is possible when considering the cumulative dose for 30 years of work.
Thermal and Fast Neutron Measurement in the STU Mini Labyrinth Experiment
Authors: Čerba Štefan , Vrban Branislav , Luley Jakub , Filova Vendula , Nečas Vladimír
Published: April 2024

The Mini Labyrinth experiment is a neutron and gamma shielding experiment constructed at the Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava (STU). The STU Mini Labyrinth consists of NEUTRONSTOP shielding, blocks of moderators, various neutron sources, a graphite prism, and the detector handling robot. It was designed for research and education purposes, while several experiments are also available online or a hybrid form. There have been several versions of the Mini Labyrinth developed, while currently the V3 version is available. This paper presents the methodology to effectively perform thermal and fast neutron measurements using a PuBe neutron source. In the experiment presented in this paper also active and passive detectors were used, and moderator materials were investigated to slightly shift the neutron spectrum. As for active detectors, the SNM-11 boron coated corona detector was used. Among passive detectors the CR-39 track detectors were investigated. The measurements were carried out in two configurations and the results were evaluated by simulations using the SCALE6 system
ANN-based model integrated in thermal-hydraulics codes: A case study of two-phase wall friction model
Authors: Nguyen Van Thai , Nguyen Ngoc Dat
Published: April 2024

Accurate prediction of two-phase parameters is essential for the development, operation and safety of nuclear power plants. In this paper, the ANN-based model has been developed, implemented with PDE (Partial Differential Equation) solver in case study of two-phase frictional pressure drop prediction.
Reflections on facilitating a ‘Tree of Life’ group for pupils transitioning from a specialist school for neurodivergent young people
Authors: Lewis Nicola , Brett-Taylor Lucy
Published: April 2024

Times of transition can be challenging for young people, particularly neurodivergent young people who have been diagnosed by professionals. The current reflective piece explores the facilitation of a ‘Tree of Life’ group in a specialist school for school leavers who were experiencing anxiety related to the transition. The group took place over three sessions and feedback from group members reflected an increase in confidence in dealing with the transition and positive reflections on engaging with the ‘Tree of Life’ intervention. However, no changes in levels of anxiety were observed from a custom-made questionnaire. The authors reflect on the strengths and challenges of facilitating the group, in addition to helpful adaptations to support the engagement of these young people with the intervention.

Easy to read summary

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We are two professionals working in a Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service.

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We ran a ‘Tree of Life’ group in a specialist school, to help students who were feeling worried about leaving school.

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In this article, we talk about what helped to run the group, particularly the changes we made to help the students engage with it, and what helpful changes we would make for future groups.

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After the group, we did not find any changes in how worried, ready or prepared students felt to leave school, when we measured this through questionnaires. However, students did say they enjoyed telling their own stories and hearing other students’ stories. The group also shared that it helped them see their strengths and to feel more confident about moving on from school.
Determination of Daily Fluid Intake Levels and Affecting Factors of Elderly Individuals Living at Home
Authors: Tuna Halil İbrahim
Published: April 2024

Background/Aims: In this study, it was aimed to determine the daily fluid intake and the factors affecting the fluid intake of elderly individuals living at home.
Methods: This descriptive study collected data from a total of 91 elderly individuals. The sociodemographic characteristics form, daily fluid intake determination form, Edmonton Vulnerability Scale, Katz Activities of Daily Living Scale, and Perceived Well-being Scale were used to collect data. For the fluid consumption status, the body surface area of the elderly individuals, the amount of fluid they should take daily, and the amount of fluid consumption deficiency were calculated.
Results: It was determined that the elderly individuals consumed an average of 1247.25 ± 428.71 milliliters of fluid per day and the average daily fluid deficit was 1065.60 ± 417.91 milliliters. It has been determined that elderly individuals are in the middle-frail border, semi-dependent in activities of daily living, and their well-being is low. In addition, it has been determined that elderly individuals do not want to go to the toilet frequently, have the most constipation problems due to lack of fluid consumption, and consume the most liquid between meals.
Conclusion: It has been determined that elderly individuals consume half as much fluid as they should daily are in the moderate fragility limit, are semi-dependent in daily living activities, and have low well-being. It has been determined that elderly individuals who use less than four drugs, live with their spouse, have been hospitalized before, and do not have a chronic disease consume more fluids.
Nasopharyngeal Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Özçelik Erdem Rukiye , Arbağ Hamdi , Eryılmaz Mehmet Akif , Dündar Mehmet , Arıcıgil Mitat
Published: April 2024

Introduction : Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is one of the common malignancies of the salivary glands. Nasopharyngeal mucoepidermoid carcinoma cases are rare. The treatment of these rare cases depends on the stage of the tumor and its invasion into the surrounding tissues.
Case: A 63-year-old male patient, who was followed up for thyroid papillary carcinoma in 2006, was referred to our clinic after incidentally detected asymmetrical thickening of the nasopharynx on the left as a result of brain MRI during medical oncology follow-ups. The patient had a complaint of pain in the left neck region for about a month. Excisional biopsy from the lymph node that increased FDG uptake in the left jugulodigastric region in PET/CT and multiple punch biopsy from the nasopharynx were performed. The patient, whose pathology resulted in mucoepidermoid carcinoma, was referred to oncology to receive radiochemotherapy.
Discussion: Although rare, it should be kept in mind that in patients presenting with a mass in the nasopharynx, mucoepidermoid carcinoma may be present. Although there is information about treatment options in the studies carried out to date, prospective studies are needed for prognosis and treatment selection.
Radiological Imaging and Analysis of Laboratory Values in Case of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Alpaslan Mustafa , Baykan Necmi
Published: April 2024

Background: The rate of death and disability due to acute ischemic stroke ranks second in the world. In this study it was planned to analyze the demographic characteristics and additional diseases in the etiology as well as radiological imaging and laboratory values in patients with ischemic stroke.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively by analyzing the patients hospitalized with the diagnosis of ischemic stroke from the emergency department between 01.01.2022 and 31.12.2022. Routine laboratory values, lipids, vitamin levels, radiological imaging and tests for etiology were analyzed in the patients.
Results: One hundred seventy seven patients were analyzed in the study. 53.1% of the patients were male. The mean age was 75±12.75 years. The most common comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia. As ischemic infarction, involvement was most common in the areas fed by the middle cerebral artery. In the carotid and/or vertebral doppler ultrasonography performed in the patients, plaque was observed in the vessels at a rate of 83.1%. According to the transthoracic echocardiographic findings, 79.3% of the patients were found to have heart valve pathology. Pathologically the majority of patients had hyperglycemia, vitamin D deficiency and low HDL cholesterol levels. Thrombolytic therapy was applied in six patients and three patients benefited and one patient died due to bleeding. 13.6% of the patients were treated in the intensive care unit.
Conclusion: The risk of ischemic stroke increases in advanced age. Hypertension and diabetes are among the most important risk factors. Vitamin D and vitamin B12 deficiency and folic acid deficiency pose a risk in terms of atherosclerosis. At the same time, low HDL cholesterol levels increase the risk of stroke. These factors which are considered as preventable causes in etiology should be controlled with treatment.
Degenerated (Ancient) Schwannomas: Unraveling Unusual Locations and Treatment Management
Authors: Gunerhan Goksal , Çağıl Emin , Senol Yigit Can , Dağlar Zeynep , Işıtan Egemen , Tunç Bekir , Güreşci Servet , Dalgıç Ali
Published: April 2024

Background/Aims:Schwannomas, originating from Schwann cells in peripheral nerve sheaths, exhibit diverse clinical manifestations and unpredictable behavior. Among them, ancient schwannomas, with distinctive degenerative features, present in atypical locations and pose diagnostic challenges. This study explores their unique characteristics and implications for diagnosis and management.
Material and Methods: The study was designed as a retrospective analysis of 7 adult patients aged ≥18 years, diagnosed with paraspinal, presacral, sacral, or para-aortic tumors, all confirmed histologically as ancient schwannomas. Data for analysis were collected from patients treated and followed up at Ankara City Hospital between April 2017 and December 2022. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained before inclusion in the study.
Results: The most common symptoms included the presence of a local lump (71,4%) and localized or radiating pain (57,1%). Notably, 1 patient (14,2%) was incidentally diagnosed during the evaluation process. Surgical intervention played a crucial role in the management of these tumors, with 71,4% of patients undergoing complete resection, while 28,5% underwent subtotal resection. Tumor recurrence occurred in 42,8% of cases, prompting the administration of radiotherapy as part of the treatment strategy. Imaging findings, particularly on MRI, played a crucial role in the accurate identification of ancient schwannomas. These tumors displayed isointensity on T1-weighted images and heterogeneous hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, along with distinctive heterogeneous contrast enhancement.
Conclusion: Ancient schwannomas exhibit unique histological features and distinctive MRI characteristics, differentiating them from other nerve sheath tumors. Early diagnosis and complete surgical resection offer favorable outcomes. Awareness of this entity is essential for managing peripheral nerve sheath tumors effectively.
The Relationship Between Uric Acid/HDL Ratio and Monocyte/HDL Ratio and Glycemic Control in Male Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Özkan Öztürk Semra , Ecin Seval Müzeyyen
Published: April 2024

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major health problem worldwide. As glycemic control worsens, the risk of both microvascular and macrovascular complications increases. . The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between blood glucose regulation and two different parameters: uric acid/HDL ratio (UHR) and monocyte/HDL ratio (MHR) in male subjects with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 166 male patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and 83 healthy adult men as a control cohort were included. Diabetic male participants were equally divided into two subgroups: the group with uncontrolled blood glucose (HbA1c levels exceeding 7, n=83) and the group with good glycemic control (HbA1c levels at or below 7, n=83). Our analysis included assessment of several serum markers, including triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), uric acid, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, white blood cell, hemoglobin and platelet levels. In addition, uric acid/HDL ratio, body mass index and monocyte/HDL ratio were compared.
Results: Creatinine levels were normal in all study participants and ages were similar in the groups. Triglyceride levels were significantly higher in diabetic patients compared to the healthy group (P
Does Burnout Due to COVID-19 Affect Resilience? The Sample of Doctors in Turkiye
Authors: Yiğitbaş Çağla , Bulut Aliye , Bulut Aziz
Published: April 2024

Objective: The consequences of the coronavirus pandemic on doctors are significant. This study was conducted to determine the resilience or burnout status of physicians, the characteristics that make a difference on them and whether burnout predicts resilience.
Method: The study was conducted with a quantitative method and a general survey model. 246 physicians were reached in the descriptive cross-sectional study. The volunteers with ethical permission were ensured to be able to answer all questions before collecting the data obtained with the principle of voluntary participation.
Results: It has been determined that the age range, income perception, whether they like their profession or not, and whether they are satisfied with the unit they work in are the variables that make a difference in the levels of resilience and burnout of physicians. Self-efficacy, family and social network, coping, and adaptation scores of the physicians in the study were above average in terms of their resilience. Personal achievement and satisfaction with the unit they work predict resilience.
Conclusion: In order to increase the resilience of doctors in extraordinary conditions such as pandemics, conditions such as ensuring that they are satisfied with their workplace and supporting their personal success should be created.
The Relationship Between Acute Phase Reactants Levels at the Time of Admission and Comorbid Conditions with Mortality in Patients Diagnosed With Covid-19
Authors: Erinmez Muhammet Ali , Köylü Ramazan , Köylü Öznur
Published: April 2024

Background/aims: The covid-19 pandemic, which is a global problem, is still one of the most important health problems today. Treatment and vaccine studies are as important in predicting prognosis and mortality as early diagnosis and prevention of the disease, which continues unabated. İn this study, it was aimed to evaluate the success of laboratory values, comorbid conditions and intensive care scoring at the time of first admission of patients admitted to intensive care with the diagnosis of Covid-19 in predicting mortality.
Methods: The study was conducted in a 3rd step adult emergency deparment. The study included 106 patients who were admitted to the emergency department and subsequently admitted to intensive care, had a positive Covid-19 polymerase chain reaction(PCR) test and met the inclusion criteria.
Results: The average age of 10 patients included in the study was 71.85. 65.09 percent of these patients are male and 24.1% are female. While 29 of the patients were survivors, 77 were deceased. İn deceased patients; Procalcitonin, lactate, leukocyte, neutrophil, urea, creatine, asti crpi ferritin, d-dimer values were found to be higher than the other group. Lymphocyte, lymphocyte percentage and pH values were found to be significantly low. Sequential Organ Failure Score(SOFA) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE) 2 scores were found to be higher in deceased patients.
Conclusion: Ferritin, lactate, urea and pH values, comorbid conditions, Sequantial Organ Failure Score and Acute Sphysiology and Chronic Health Assessment 2 can be used to predict mortality in covid-19 disease.
Comparison of Diagnostic Performance of PI-RADS V2 and V2.1 and Interobserver Agreement in Both Versions
Authors: Baytok Ahmet , Koplay Mustafa , Özer Halil , Topaloğlu Ömer Faruk , Kaynar Mehmet , Göktaş Serdar , Batur Ali Furkan
Published: April 2024

Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancers and interobserver agreement between PI-RADS v2 and v2.1
Material and Method: The mpMRI images of 258 patients and 394 nodüles included in this retrospective study were obtained on 3T MR and evaluated by two radiologists according to PI-RADS v2 and v2.1. Sensitivity and specificity between v2 and v2.1 compared. Detection rates for clinically significant prostate cancers of upgraded and downgraded lesions in the use of v2.1 from v2 were assessed. Interobserver agreement was assessed using κ statistics.
Results: PI-RADS v2.1 and v2 showed higher sensitivity and lower specificity (100%, 52.38%) in peripheral zone and showed higher sensitivity and specificity (92.86%, 98.79%) in transition zone for category ≥4 lesions in the detection of csPCa, not significantly difference was found between the two versions. Interobserver agreement was statistically significant and very weak in the transition zone (κ=0.383, κ=0.279, respectively), very strong in the peripheral zone (κ=0.869) according to both classifications and they were similar.
Conclusion: The diagnostic performance of PI-RADS v2 and v2.1 were found similar in detecting clinically significant cancers and all cancers in both zones. The clinically significant cancer detection rate in category 2+1 lesions in the transition zone was higher than in category 2 lesions but it wasn’t statistically significant. Interobserver agreement was low in the transition zone and very strong in the peripheral zone in both versions.
Psychosocial Effect of COVID-19 Phobia in Health Workers in the Pandemic Service and Intensive Care
Authors: Ünal Gonca Ayşe , İnci Kenar Ayşe Nur , Bülbül Merve
Published: April 2024

Objective: It was aimed to evaluate the phobia levels of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) in medical staff working in the pandemic service and intensive care service and to examine its relationship with psychosocial impact levels.
Material and Method: The study included 100 people working in the pandemic service and intensive care units in the first year of the pandemic. Sociodemographic Data Form,
COVID-19 Pandemic Psychosocial Impact Scale (CPPIS) and COVID-19 Phobia Scale (CPS) were administered to all participants.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 32.5±7.4 years and 74% of them were women. Of them 29% were doctors, 52% were nurses, 19% were allied health personnel and 66% worked in the service, 29% in the intensive care unit and 5% in both. There were very strong correlations between the CPS and the CPPIS total score, the death anxiety and anxious thoughts subscale scores. A strong positive correlation was found between the CPS and CPPIS subscales scores including close relationships, functionality and somatic symptoms. A significant positive correlation was found between CPS and CPPIS scores and the duration of working in the pandemic service and intensive care unit.
Conclusion: It was thought that as choranophobia increased in medical staffs working in the pandemic service, their psychosocial effects also increased. It has been thought that reducing the working time in the service and/or intensive care unit during the pandemic, performing short-term rotations, may reduce the level of psychosocial impact and even be protective in terms of mental health of medical staff.
Comparison of Radiofrequency Ablation and Steroid Injection in the Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis; Short and Medium Term Results
Authors: Sert Mahmut , Yurteri Ahmet
Published: April 2024

Objective: Plantar fasciitis, commonly found in orthopaedic practice, may restrict daily life activities and lead to loss of workforce. We aimed to evaluate the short- and medium-term outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and steroid injection treatments in patients with plantar fasciitis who did not benefit from conservative therapies through pain and function scores.
Material and Method: Patients studied at the Hakkari State Hospital for at least six months of conservative treatment due to plantar fasciitis between 01.07.2021-01.01.2023. The patients were divided into two groups: those who received RFA and those who were given steroid injections. Demographic information of the patients, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the American Orthopedic Foot Ankle Society (AOFAS) score were studied, and both gups were compared.
Results: No significant difference was observed when comparing preop VAS and AOFAS values for both groups (p=0.469 p=0.244). No significant difference was observed when comparing the VAS and AOFAS values of the two groups for the first month (p=0.764 p=0.466 respectively). A significant difference was observed when comparing the VAS and AOFAS values in the post-6 month (p=0,001 p=0.001). Significant differences were observed between VAS and AOFAS values in patients receiving RFA in preop and 6 months (p=0.001 p=0.001). No significant difference was observed in preop and 6 month VAS and AOFAS values in steroid injections (p=0.512 p=0.844 respectively).No complications were observed in both groups during the follow-up period.
Conclusion: In patients who have received conservative treatment but have not benefited, radiofrequency ablation has been found to be an effective, safe and minimally invasive method of reducing the severity of pain in the short to medium term and improving daily activities.