bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Doença hemolítica do feto e do recém nascido por aloimunização Rh: Uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Dantas Íris Letícia Santos , Paiva Luana Beatriz da Silva , Silva Ana Paula Barreto Prata , Teles Weber de Santana , Silva Max Cruz da , Oliveira Fernanda Kelly Fraga , Andrade Ádamo Newton Marinho , Oliveira Sérgio Silva , Andrade Mariamália Newton
Published: July 2024

A aloimunização é a produção de anticorpos contra antígenos considerados não próprios, reação observada principalmente em pacientes politransfundidos e em gestantes. Quando relacionada a gravidez, as consequências da isoimunização dependem de diversos fatores, tendo como o principal a incompatibilidade antigênica, devido à presença de diferentes substâncias existentes nas superfícies das hemácias do feto e da mãe. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar a caracterização da Doença Hemolítica do Feto e do Recém Nascido em decorrência da aloimunização por incompatibilidade Rh. Tratou-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, realizada por meio de: Artigos científicos, revistas virtuais, pesquisas bibliográficas e em bases de dados, tais como Scielo e Google acadêmico, sendo estes coletados entre 2015 a 2024, nos idiomas português e inglês. Com base na análise das informações obtidas através dos estudos selecionados, foram categorizadas as seguintes temáticas: Frequência fenotípica segundo o sistema Rh; Incidência da Aloimunização; Prevalência de casos da Doença Hemolítica do feto e do recém-nascido; Utilização da Imunoglobulina anti-D em gestantes Rh negativo; Eficácia das medidas de tratamento; E a importância do diagnóstico precoce e assistência adequada. A elaboração do presente trabalho evidenciou que a Doença Hemolítica do Feto e do Recém Nascido é uma patologia de alta complexidade e a sua caracterização apresenta uma significativa relevância para a população, diante do seu grau de severidade caso não seja precocemente diagnosticada e tratada.
Qualidade do pré-natal e a pré-eclâmpsia: Estudo transversal
Authors: Lima Libna Helen de Melo , Souza Djenane Cristovam , Maranhão Diógenes Candido Mendes , Souza Maíla Bezerra , Firmino Marta Gleice , Carvalho Maria Eduarda Santos , Lima Patrícia Regina Evangelista de
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: analisar e associar a qualidade do atendimento pré-natal oferecido às gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia aos desfechos maternos. Método: Este estudo observacional com abordagem quali-quantitativa avaliou a qualidade dos atendimentos de pré-natal em gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas, cartões de pré-natal e prontuários eletrônicos. A qualidade do pré-natal foi analisada por meio do índice de Kessner adaptado por Takeda através de análise descritiva. As variáveis não categóricas foram submetidas a testes estatísticos, como qui-quadrado, Pearson, Fisher, Mann-Whitney e regressão logística múltipla. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética sob o número 67769123.1.0000.5201. Resultados: 72,1% das pacientes apresentaram pré-natal inadequado, estas tiveram 4,43 maior probabilidade de desenvolverem pré-eclâmpsia com sinais de gravidade (p=0,01), o uso do Ácido acetil salicílico e cálcio teve significância estatística quanto a classificação da pré-eclâmpsia (p<0,001) e 75,3% tiveram o parto por via alta. Conclusão: A maioria das gestantes recebeu acompanhamento pré-natal inadequado, associado a um aumento significativo na probabilidade de desenvolver pré-eclâmpsia com sinais de gravidade.
Effectiveness of removable expander appliances in posterior crossbite: A review of the literature
Authors: Yunga Picón María Yolanda , Galarza Pintado Johanna Pamela , Rengel Espinosa Alisson Milena , Malla Bernal Kelly Tatiana , Chasi Morocho Gabriel Alexander , Paladinez Carrion Yuliana Elizabeth , Dávila Arcentales Mónica Beatriz , Lafebre Carrasco Milton Fabricio
Published: July 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of removable expander appliances in the treatment of posterior crossbite by reviewing and analyzing clinical studies, scientific articles and published case reports. Background: Posterior crossbite is a dental malocclusion characterized by a transverse misalignment of the upper and lower teeth, where the upper teeth bite into the lower teeth. This condition can affect one or more dental organs and if left untreated, can lead to functional and esthetic problems, as well as imbalances in maxillofacial growth. Early correction of posterior crossbite is crucial to avoid future complications such as uneven tooth wear, temporomandibular dysfunction and facial asymmetries, and different treatment methods have been used, including removable appliances. Methodology: The research was structured from a search tree (PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar, Dialnet, Scopus), with keywords such as: removable expandable appliance; posterior crossbite; removable orthodontics; treatment efficacy AND posterior crossbite; posterior crossbite NOT fixed appliance. Conclusions: Removable expander appliances are an effective option for treating posterior crossbite in children. Studies show that these devices correct malocclusion, promote maxillary growth and improve dental alignment. The effectiveness of the treatment depends on the cooperation of the child and parents. The choice of appliance should be based on a careful evaluation of the patient's needs, considering cooperation, severity of the malocclusion and the preferences of the patient and the orthodontist.
Pengenalan Enterpreneur Perikanan Bagi Siswa: Pengabdian Budidakdamber di SMA Muhammadiyah Al-Amin Sorong
Authors: Ratna  , Fahrizal Ahmad , Nurfin Moha  , Sulfiana  , Sufardin  , Neneng Suarno Kalidi  , Ameilany Dwi Anjani  , Sherlie G.L.Weyai  , Putri Firda Y. Lestari  , Muhammad Jufri Pusung  , Jumria Saet  , Charles Y. Konjol  , Darwin K. Inggamer
Published: July 2024

Tujuan pelaksanaan pengabdian  kepada masyarakat di SMA Muhammadiyah Al-AMin, Kota Sorong (SMAMINSO) adalah  sebagai sarana peningkatan kemampuan siswa melalui penyediaan pangan guna mengenalkan serta menumbuhkan minat akan entrepreneur di bidang perikanan dalam  bentuk  pemberian  pengetahuan dan pemahaman kepada Masyarakat dalam hal ini Siswa SMAMINSO tentang Budidaya Ikan dalam Ember (BUDIKDAMBER).    Metode yang    digunakan  ialah    metode  ceramah  dan demonstrasi  bersama    siswa SMAMINSO, Kota Sorong tentang cara membudidayakan ikan dan sayuran dalam satu wadah sederhana guna menumbuhkembangkan minat enterprenur perikanan serta ketahanan pangan dalam skala kecil. Hasil pelaksanaan PkM ini  adalah  siswa SMAMINSO, Kota Sorong dapat  mengetahui  cara  membudidayakan  ikan dan sayuran  menggunakan  media ember  bervollume 80-liter  sehingga  dapat  menumbuhkembangkan jiwa enterprenur perikanan serta meningkatkan  ketahanan  pangan  di lingkungan keluarga siswa SMAMINSO.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI, MOTIVASI DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA HOTEL BINTANG EMPAT DI KOTA SURABAYA TIMUR
Authors: Tamba Ekklesia Julia Asima Uli.br. ,   Fakultas Bisnis Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya, Lindawati Tuty , Yuniarto Antonius ,   Fakultas Bisnis Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya,   Fakultas Bisnis Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of communication, motivation, and work environment on employee performance at a four-star hotel in the city of East Surabaya. The sampling technique used was cluster random sampling, with a total sample of 120 respondents who are employees at a four-star hotel in the city of East Surabaya. Data collection was carried out through an online questionnaire using the Google Form. The collected data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 program. The results of this study indicate that communication has a positive and significant influence on employee performance. In addition, motivation also has a positive and significant influence on employee performance. The work environment was also found to have a positive and significant influence on employee performance. Furthermore, the research results show that communication, motivation, and the work environment together have a positive and significant impact on employee performance.
ENHANCING PROFESSIONAL SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION: ADOPTING THE CAPABILITY PHILOSOPHY IN ENGLAND'S EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Authors: NAVRÁTIL PAVEL
Published: July 2024

This study evaluates the integration of the Professional Capability Framework (PCF) in England's social work education and its potential applicability in the Czech Republic. As England has advanced its social work training through holistic approaches and continuous professional development [1], this paper explores the feasibility of adapting such reforms to enhance the Czech educational system. By conducting a comparative analysis, the research identifies gaps in the Czech framework and suggests tailored adaptations from the English model. This streamlined examination not only furthers the international discourse on social work education but also proposes actionable strategies for cross-cultural educational enhancements.
PRIVATE EXPERT OPINION – LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND MEANING
Authors: ROWLAND ZUZANA
Published: July 2024

The Slovak law on expertness defines an expert opinion, determining who can venture it and how to bring it before the court. Yet, do the courts consider expert opinions as their own? The presented study explores the incentives to commissioning expert opinions and the legal environment of this institute. The community of experts has found flaws in the legislation governing expert opinions, arguing that experts tend to bias their opinion in favour of the client and break the oath they took on behalf of the law. Although the Slovak legislation sets parameters to avoid abuse or defamation of the expert opinion, the judicial practice will show if the degree of acceptance of this opinion is higher than in countries with non-enacted legislation on these opinions despite their wide use in legal proceedings.
E-LEARNING IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC DURING THE SECOND YEAR OF PANDEMIC COVID-19
Authors: JANNOVÁ MICHAELA , VÁCHA MARTIN , DYTRYCH PAVEL
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research is to map the situation of online education in the Czech Republic and compare it with the European one. The research was conducted based on data provided by the Czech Statistical Office and Eurostat. The evaluated data were subsequently compared with findings from the literature search. The findings show that the usage of online courses is 20,8% more than the average in the EU27. And the use of online education materials in the Czech Republic, like the EU27. Online learning is still evolving, it has issues due to the lack of experience, but the potential is growing over time.
BLANK DRAFTS TO SECURE OBLIGATIONS WITHOUT FINANCIAL RISK
Authors: VOCHOZKA MAREK
Published: July 2024

Blank drafts have become an increasingly popular payment instrument used by banks and creditors to reduce financial risk. Bank drafts have a specific legal status, containing inconsistencies between a partial filling-in and their transformation into securities. The study aims to analyze blank drafts as an instrument in modern business transactions, their strengths and weaknesses, legal aspects, and related risks. Blank drafts are a flexible instrument used in multiple business transactions. Issuing an incomplete security paper allows the parties to agree on the terms and conditions of the transaction and then complete the necessary information, dramatically speeding up the processes. On the other hand, blank drafts impose a risk and may lead to harmful consequences.
VALUATION OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
Authors: KUČERA JIŘÍ , TOBIAŠOVÁ BLANKA , HOFMANN FILIP
Published: July 2024

From an economic and psychological point of view, building and maintaining a good reputation is essential for any branch of economic activity. This work evaluated goodwill using the weighted average return on assets method, WARA. This is according to the average company in the manufacturing industry in the Czech Republic between 2016-2020. The average enterprise was created by filtering enterprises determined according to the classification of economic activities of CZ NACE from section C. These data were transformed into a single entity valued on an accounting basis, and the value of its goodwill was determined. This value was determined from an accounting point of view as the difference between the revenue value of the business plant and the asset value of the business plant. The benefit is the value of goodwill expenses in connection with strengthening the competitive advantage in the market. The limitation of this work was determining which companies should filter out from the list of accounting data completely and which to keep. Further research could examine companies in individual subgroups in the manufacturing industry and other sections of the classification of economic activities.
Navigating the Cow’s Milk Allergy Journey: From Diagnosis to Nutritional Optimisation
Authors: Vandenplas Yvan , Staiano Annamaria , Heine Ralf G. , Meyer Rosan
Published: July 2024

Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) currently ranks as one of the most common infant food allergies and requires timely diagnosis and appropriate management to mitigate the impact on growth and developmental outcomes and minimise patient/parent distress. During this symposium, chaired by Yvan Vandenplas, Emeritus at KidZ Health Castle, University Hospital Brussels, Belgium, leading experts in paediatric gastroenterology, allergy, and nutrition, discussed how best to navigate the CMA journey in clinical practice, from accurate differential diagnosis to nutritional optimisation. Annamaria Staiano, Professor of Paediatrics and Chief of the Department of Translational Medical Sciences at the University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Italy, discussed the complexities of differentiating disorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBI), previously known as functional gastrointestinal disorders, from CMA, and considered the potential role of the Cow’s Milk Related Symptom Score (CoMiSSTM) in ensuring infants follow the correct diagnostic pathway. Ralf Heine, Paediatric Gastroenterologist, Allergist, and Honorary Research Fellow at the Murdoch Children’s Research Institute in Melbourne, Australia, explored the immune-modulating effects of human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and lactose on the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota in infants, highlighting the importance of the early-life microbiome during the nutritional management of CMA. Rosan Meyer, Paediatric Dietitian and visiting Professor at both KU Leuven, Belgium, and the University of Winchester, UK, focused on the final phase of CMA management, the reintroduction of cow’s milk protein, and also examined new evidence to support the optimal timing and strategy for this key step in clinical practice.
Integrating Biomaterials and Interactive Technologies: The Growth of Biodesign within Human-Computer Interaction
Authors: Bell Fiona , Alistar Mirela , Buechley Leah
Published: July 2024

Biodesign has grown significantly in the last decade, intersecting with other fields from fashion to material science to healthcare. Recently, biodesign has entangled with Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), a multidisciplinary field of research that focuses on the design and development of computational technologies that people interact with. Bridging the gap between digital and biological, new computational technologies have been developed to integrate with biomaterials (i.e., materials grown from biological matter). Such works range from biomaterials that are embedded with electronics like microcontrollers and/or transformed into electronic components themselves like biomaterial touch sensors for sustainable ubiquitous computing, to biomaterials that are designed specifically for digital fabrication methods like 3D printing to reduce non-renewable waste streams, to biomaterials that are alive to create naturally dynamic and reactive living interfaces that encourage respectful and caring interactions with technology and the natural world. As these three research areas grow within HCI, HCI practitioners have begun drawing knowledge and inspiration from ongoing efforts in biodesign, especially Do-It-Yourself methods for biomaterial development. To accommodate such work, the traditional HCI research lab has expanded to include biological wet lab spaces, microscopes, cooking equipment, and incubators. In combining these two fields, we have seen massive growth in the creation of new bio-digital technologies that not only push current understandings of computational interaction, but also promote more sustainable technological futures.
Surgical treatment of traumatic iridodialysis with simultaneous implantation of a toric intraocular lens in a patient with aphakia. A clinical case study
Authors: Shamratov R. Z. , Ramazanova L. Sh. , Napylova O. A. , Arustamyan Zh. K. , Kirevnina E. V.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Iridodialysis refers to a localized detachment occurring at the attachment site of the iris to the ciliary body. This condition is often the most severe consequence of ocular trauma, leading to discomfort, decreased visual quality, and diplopia. Conventional corrective approaches typically induce astigmatism, thereby compromising the functional results of the operation.

Purpose: to assess the effectiveness of an innovative surgical approach for traumatic iridodialysis that incorporates the one-time implantation of a toric intraocular lens in patients with prior unsuccessful cataract surgeries.

Case description. A patient reported significant cosmetic and visual disturbances including reduced visual acuity, photophobia, and visual discomfort in the right eye, following an earlier complicated cataract surgery that did not involve an intraocular lens implant. Our treatment strategy utilized a minimally invasive technique for the simultaneous implantation of the intraocular lens and closed iridoplasty.

Conclusions. The surgical approach provided rapid and complete rehabilitation, yielding high clinical and functional outcomes, including the restoration of visual acuity and the resolution of the patient’s cosmetic concerns.
Vitelliform subretinal deposits: shared pathogenesis and clinical diversity
Authors: Semenova N. S. , Pedanova E. K.
Published: July 2024

Since its initial description, Best vitelliform macular dystrophy has been strongly linked to characteristic retinal lesions—subretinal yellowish accumulations, with a hyperreflective structure on optical coherence tomography, situated above the retinal pigment epithelium layer. However, research on this topic remains scarce. It is now recognized that, within the common pathophysiological mechanism of vitelliform lesion formation, this process may contribute to the pathogenesis of a broad spectrum of both genetic and acquired conditions.

The purpose of this review is to update our understanding of genetically determined and acquired retinal diseases associated with the formation of such lesions.

Materials and methods. analysis of scientific publications from databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cyberleninka was conducted. The review encompasses 16 studies, predominantly from the past decade.

Results. Advances in instrumental and genetic diagnostics have revealed that vitelliform subretinal changes are not exclusive to Best disease but serve as another biomarker, indicating disruption in the metabolism of outer retinal layers. It is hypothesized that, irrespective of etiology, the primary triggering factor for lesion formation is the disjunction of outer segments of photoreceptors and impairment of phagocytic function in retinal pigment epithelial cells. This article presents a contemporary perspective on the presumed etiology and pathophysiology of vitelliform lesions, alongside clinical characteristics, manifestations, and prognosis of diseases associated with this phenomenon. Diseases with identified genetic mutations in the BEST1 gene (Bestrophinopathies) and PRPH2, as well as common acquired conditions like age-related macular degeneration and vitreoretinal traction syndrome, are discussed.

Conclusions. The provided clinical characteristics, supported by multimodal visualization, are expected to aid in differential diagnosis and prognostication of the disease course.
Flexure for gas permeable contact lens materials
Authors: Conway M. , Eddleston M.
Published: July 2024

We continue to publish works on the properties of materials for gas-permeable contact lenses. In this article, we will explore flexure and the significance of controlling flexure to enable the practitioner to optimise visual outcomes for both corneal and scleral contact lens patients.
Implantation of phakic intraocular lenses in patients with stabilized keratoconus
Authors: Kazantsev A. D. , Kostenev S. V. , Azhdarova L. V. , Slonimskiy A. Yu.
Published: July 2024

To date, extensive experience has been accumulated in the correction of high myopia and myopic astigmatism through the implantation of additional negative lenses (phakic intraocular lenses). However, the use of this method in patients with anatomically altered corneas due to keratoconus remains unresolved.

Purpose: to assess the effectiveness and safety of correcting high myopia combined with myopic astigmatism by implanting phakic intraocular lenses in patients with stabilized keratoconus at stages 1–2.

Materials and methods. The study encompassed results from 27 surgeries involving the implantation of phakic intraocular lenses in patients with high myopia and myopic astigmatism (12.63 ± 4.25 D). These patients had thin corneas and were diagnosed with stage 1–2 keratoconus after undergoing corneal collagen crosslinking treatment – this constituted the main group. The control group comprised 35 surgeries performed on patients with subclinical non-progressive keratoconus (Forme Fruste). All participants underwent evaluations for visual acuity dynamics and refractive stability of spherical and cylindrical components before surgery, immediately post-surgery, and then at 1, 6, and 12 months after implantation. Additional assessments included intraocular pressure measurements, gonioscopy, ultrasonic echobiometry, ultrasonic ophthalmoscopy, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, endothelial microscopy, vision character and stereopsis determination, ultrasound biomicroscopy, anterior segment optical coherence tomography, electrophysiological studies, and statistical analysis. An IPCL (a type of phakic intraocular lenses made from hydrophilic acrylic) was implanted, capable of correcting myopia up to 30 D and astigmatism up to 10 D.

Results. All patients achieved high uncorrected visual acuity 0.86 ± 0.11. Astigmatism correction was successful in 96% of cases. The average postoperative vault – the distance from the back surface of the phakic intraocular lenses to the anterior lens capsule – was 527.5 ± 40.27 μm (range 460–600 μm), and the intraocular pressure was 11.7 ± 2.08 mm Hg. There was a minor decrease in corneal endothelial cell count from 2599 ± 157.3 to 2375 ± 125.3 cells/mm² in the first group and from 2614 ± 104.8 to 2375 ± 43.3 cells/mm² in the second group respectively (p > 0.05), which falls within the acceptable loss range of 4–7% from preoperative values for both groups. Throughout the observation period, there were no cases of cataract development, pigmentary glaucoma, pupillary block, or other vision-threatening complications.

Conclusions. Implantation of phakic intraocular lenses in patients with early-stage stabilized keratoconus and subclinical non-progressive keratoconus provides an effective and practically safe means of correcting high myopia and astigmatism.
Analisis Sistem Kinerja PLC Pada Air Dryer di Unit Utilities PT. X
Authors: Hengkesa Melinda , Dewi Astrie Kusuma
Published: July 2024

The refinery process in PT. X relies on several supporting units, including the air dryer in the utilities section, which is essential for removing water content from compressed air to support refinery operations. This research aimed to analyze the performance of the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) system in the air dryer units (A, B, C, and D), each comprising two towers that can operate alternately or simultaneously. The conventional TM series controller was replaced with a Schneider Electric Modicon M340 PLC to enhance system reliability and digitization. A methodical approach was adopted, beginning with data collection from sensors connected to the PLC, followed by processing the data using predefined logic instructions. The research findings indicated significant improvements in operational efficiency, response time, and energy consumption with the PLC system compared to the TM series. The PLC system also facilitated continuous and precise control of the drying and regeneration processes. These findings underscore the importance of adopting advanced PLC systems to ensure higher operational efficiency and reliability in industrial applications. Consequently, this research advocates for the comprehensive upgrade of conventional control systems to PLCs in similar industrial settings.
Peningkatan Keandalan Berbasis Nilai Energy Not Supplied (ENS) Pada Penyulang Banyu Biru
Authors: Slamet Nurhadi  , Mochammad Mieftah  , Heri Sungkowo  , Sukamdi
Published: July 2024

The reliability of the Banyu Biru feeder at PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Gondang Wetan is critical due to frequent disturbances causing significant energy losses and impacting SAIDI and SAIFI metrics. This study aims to enhance reliability by reducing ENS (Energy Not Served) values through strategic solutions. Data from March to August 2022 revealed 27 disturbances, comprising 6 permanent and 21 temporary interruptions. Initial calculations showed an ENS value of 20,509.84 kWh, a SAIDI of 0.24 hours/customer, and a SAIFI of 0.64 times/customer. The study proposed two scenarios: relocating the LBSM and adding 5 FCOs, and additionally installing a recloser in the second scenario. Post-implementation, ENS values decreased to 7,489.31 kWh, with SAIDI and SAIFI values improving to 0.08 hours/customer and 0.13 times/customer, respectively. These results highlight significant reductions in energy losses and improvements in network reliability, aligning with SPLN 68-2: 1986 standards. This research provides actionable insights for PT. PLN to enhance distribution network reliability and customer satisfaction.
Pra-studi Kelayakan Sistem Hibrida PV-Baterai-PLTD di Daerah Pedesaan Wilayah Maluku
Authors: Rinaldi Maulana
Published: July 2024

This research addresses the high costs and logistical challenges of diesel-based electricity generation in the rural and remote areas of Maluku. The aim is to assess the feasibility of hybridizing diesel generators with solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage systems (BESS) to reduce energy costs and environmental impacts. A tailored methodology evaluated 42 locations to determine the optimal hybrid systems. The evaluation included preliminary solar potential, electricity consumption, hybrid options, generation costs, and capital costs. Findings indicate that systems with higher renewable energy fractions are more beneficial, reducing total diesel consumption from 30.5 million L/yr to 5.8 million L/yr and Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) from 0.62 USD/kWh to 0.42 USD/kWh. PV sizes ranged from 150-2400 kWp with renewable energy fractions from 80-93%. This method effectively prioritizes economically and technically suitable sites.
Inovasi Modul Monitoring Parameter Listrik Pada PHB-TR 400/230V Berbasis Mikrokontroller
Authors: Rahma Nur Amalia  , Ika Noer Syamsiana  , Tresna Umar Syamsuri  , Ana Mardiana
Published: July 2024

The reliability of electrical energy distribution is paramount to continuously meet consumer demands. Effective maintenance of the distribution system, particularly the low voltage switchgear (PHB-TR), is essential to ensure this reliability. A significant challenge arises from the fact that many distribution substations are situated in remote or hard-to-access locations, complicating the maintenance process for technicians. This study aims to design and develop an innovative module for monitoring current and voltage, utilizing the Arduino Nano microcontroller, equipped with a PZEM sensor module and an I2C LCD display. The primary objective is to facilitate remote monitoring and enhance the efficiency of maintenance operations at these substations. The research methodology encompasses the design, simulation, and testing phases of the monitoring module applied to a 400/230 V PHB-TR. The module's performance was evaluated based on its accuracy in measuring current and voltage. The findings indicate that the developed module exhibits high accuracy, with an average current sensor error margin of 2.9% and a voltage sensor error margin of 1.3%. The implications of this research are significant for the field of electrical distribution maintenance. The implementation of this monitoring system can lead to substantial improvements in time and energy efficiency, as well as enhanced safety for maintenance personnel. Moreover, it facilitates real-time remote monitoring, which is particularly beneficial for substations located in challenging terrains. This innovation holds the potential to streamline maintenance processes and ensure a more reliable supply of electrical energy to consumers.
Kontrol Motor Berbasis PID untuk Pompa Air di Miniatur Rumah Kaca
Authors: Himawan Helmy Mukti , Mustikasari Vita Ria , Muhammad Fahmi Hakim
Published: July 2024

Greenhouses are crucial in agriculture for enhancing crop yields by providing controlled environmental conditions. Efficient water management is a key challenge in conventional greenhouse systems, often leading to water wastage due to unmeasured soil moisture levels. This research aimed to design and implement a PID control system for water pumps in a miniature greenhouse to optimize water usage and maintain stable soil moisture and temperature levels. The methodology involved integrating PID control with sensors to monitor and adjust the water pump operation based on real-time soil moisture and temperature data. The study found that the PID-controlled system reduced the time to reach steady-state conditions from 650 ms to 600 ms, with no overshoot compared to systems without control. Additionally, the error in the PID system ranged from 0.89% to 2.32%. These findings suggest that PID control significantly enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of water usage in greenhouses, contributing to better crop management and resource conservation. The implications of this research are substantial for agricultural practices, as it demonstrates a viable solution for improving irrigation precision and overall greenhouse management.
Critical Engaged Pedagogy to Confront Racism and Colonialism in (Geo) Science Education Through a Historical Lens
Authors: Diaz-Vallejo Emily J. , Keefover-Ring Ken , Hennessy Elizabeth , Marín-Spiotta Erika
Published: July 2024

The geosciences continue to grapple with the exclusion of Black, Indigenous, Latinx, and other students of Color. These patterns can be understood in the discipline’s roots in colonialism and extractivism. Furthermore, training of the scientific process as objective and race-neutral results in scientists who do not recognize how science can perpetuate inequities in society. Using a U.S. university biogeography course as a case study, we describe an innovative framework for teaching equity through a critical historical lens that interrogates: 1) biases in the processes and forms of knowledge production, legitimization, and exclusion; 2) the source of inequities in representation in the discipline; and 3) how societal benefits and harms of scientific practices are felt disproportionately demographically and geographically. Students were encouraged to critically analyze the historical context of scientific theories and their proponents and challenge assumptions about the representativeness of data supporting those theories into the present day. Engaging with these questions broadened students’ understanding of changing paradigms in the field and of links between colonialism and modern science. We provide recommendations for instructors seeking to use similar approaches to enhance student learning.
Focus on seed cells: stem cells in 3D bioprinting of corneal grafts
Authors: Xie Zi-jun , Yuan Bo-wei , Chi Miao-miao , Hong Jing
Published: July 2024

Corneal opacity is one of the leading causes of severe vision impairment. Corneal transplantation is the dominant therapy for irreversible corneal blindness. However, there is a worldwide shortage of donor grafts and consequently an urgent demand for alternatives. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an innovative additive manufacturing technology for high-resolution distribution of bioink to construct human tissues. The technology has shown great promise in the field of bone, cartilage and skin tissue construction. 3D bioprinting allows precise structural construction and functional cell printing, which makes it possible to print personalized full-thickness or lamellar corneal layers. Seed cells play an important role in producing corneal biological functions. And stem cells are potential seed cells for corneal tissue construction. In this review, the basic anatomy and physiology of the natural human cornea and the grafts for keratoplasties are introduced. Then, the applications of 3D bioprinting techniques and bioinks for corneal tissue construction and their interaction with seed cells are reviewed, and both the application and promising future of stem cells in corneal tissue engineering is discussed. Finally, the development trends requirements and challenges of using stem cells as seed cells in corneal graft construction are summarized, and future development directions are suggested.
Improved YOLOX-based detection of condition of road manhole covers
Authors: Yang Li , Hao Zhongyu , Hu Bo , Shan Chaoyang , Wei Dehong , He Dixuan
Published: July 2024

Manhole cover damage poses significant threats to road safety and infrastructure integrity, necessitating timely detection and repair. To address this, we introduce an enhanced YOLOX model integrated with ECA (High Efficiency Channel Attention) modules for real-time monitoring using car recorder footage. Our method categorizes manhole cover conditions into three distinct states: normal, broken, and down. By in-corporating ECA-Net before the decoupling head of the YOLOX model, we significantly boost its channel feature extraction abilities, critical for distinguishing subtle changes in cover conditions. Experimental results reveal a substantial increase in mean Average Precision (mAP) to 93.91%, with a notable AP of 92.2% achieved in the detection of the ‘down’ state, historically the most challenging category. Despite the en-hancements, our model maintains a high detection speed, processing at an average rate only five images per second slower than the original YOLOX model. Comparative analyses against leading detection models, in-cluding Faster R-CNN, SSD, and CenterNet, underscore the superiority of our approach in terms of both accuracy and speed, particularly in accurately recognizing the ‘down’ condition of manhole covers. This in-novative model provides a reliable tool for swiftly identifying damaged manhole covers and their precise lo-cations, enabling prompt maintenance actions. By improving the monitoring efficiency of urban infrastruc-ture, our solution contributes to enhanced road safety and the advancement of smart city technologies.
Hemicentin-1 is an essential extracellular matrix component during tooth root formation by promoting mesenchymal cells differentiation
Authors: Cui Yujia , Li Chuwen , Wang Hanyang , Li Lei , Xie Jing , Zhou Xuedong , Zhang Hai , Sun Jianxun
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Root dentin formation is an important process in tooth development. We tried to identify potential genes that regulate root dentin formation which could be potentially used for the regeneration and repair of defective or damaged dental roots.

Methods: Tissues harvested from the labial and lingual sides of mouse incisors were used for microarray analysis. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of differentially expressed genes indicated the critical role of extracellular matrix in the discrepancy of dentin formation between root and crown, for which hemicentin-1 (Hmcn1) was selected as the target gene. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis the expression pattern of Hmcn1 at different developmental stages in mouse molars. The spatiotemporal expression of HMCN1 in mouse incisors and molars was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The functions of HMCN1 in human dental pulp cells, including proliferation, differentiation and migration, were examined in vitro by CCK8 assay, BrdU assay, wound-healing assay, ALP staining and alizarin red staining, respectively.

Results: It was showed that HMCN1 expression was more pronounced in papilla-pulp on the root than crown side in mouse incisors and molars. In vitro experiments presented inhibited dentinogenesis and migration after HMCN1-knockdown in human dental pulp cells, while there was no significant difference in proliferation between the HMCN1-knockdown group and control group.

Discussion: These results indicated that HMCN1 plays an important role in dentinogenesis and migration of pulp cells, contributing to root dentin formation.
The new democratisation: social media impact on the political process in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Ajaegbu Oguchi Onyeizu , Ajaegbu Chigozirim
Published: July 2024

The integration of social media into political discourse is becoming the norm, facilitating citizen engagement and amplifying voices across the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study centered on a literature review on the role of social media in political participation within the region. Through exploration across three databases, 50 articles were identified, with 42% of these closely related to the research focus and categorized under five distinct themes. Findings reveal various perspectives on the impact of social media on political engagement, with scholars offering different interpretations on its influence. Furthermore, majority of research underscores the role of social media in mobilizing protests and revolutionary movements driven by heightened participation observed in some SSA countries. Social media platforms are increasingly perceived as avenues to express opinions on pertinent issues contesting unfavorable government actions. Thus, this study posits the emergence of a “New Democratisation in Sub-Saharan Africa,” propelled by the positive utilization of social media in political spheres.
A nomogram prediction model for short-term aortic-related adverse events in patients with acute Stanford type B aortic intramural hematoma: development and validation
Authors: Meng Dujuan , Wang Yasong , Zhou Tienan , Gu Ruoxi , Zhang Zhiqiang , Zhao Tinghao , He Houlin , Min Ying , Wang Xiaozeng
Published: July 2024

Background

This study is to examine the factors associated with short-term aortic-related adverse events in patients with acute type B aortic intramural hematoma (IMH). Additionally, we develop a risk prediction nomogram model and evaluate its accuracy.

Methods

This study included 197 patients diagnosed with acute type B IMH. The patients were divided into stable group (n = 125) and exacerbation group (n = 72) based on the occurrence of aortic-related adverse events. Logistic regression and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) method for variables based on baseline assessments with significant differences in clinical and image characteristics were employed to identify independent predictors. A nomogram risk model was constructed based on these independent predictors. The nomogram model was evaluated using various methods such as the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, decision analysis curve, and clinical impact curve. Internal validation was performed using the Bootstrap method.

Results

A nomogram risk prediction model was established based on four variables: absence of diabetes, anemia, maximum descending aortic diameter (MDAD), and ulcer-like projection (ULP). The model demonstrated a discriminative ability with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.813. The calibration curve indicated a good agreement between the predicted probabilities and the actual probabilities. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test showed no significant difference (χ2 = 7.040, P = 0.532). The decision curve analysis (DCA) was employed to further confirm the clinical effectiveness of the nomogram.

Conclusion

This study introduces a nomogram prediction model that integrates four important risk factors: ULP, MDAD, anemia, and absence of diabetes. The model allows for personalized prediction of patients with type B IMH.
Treatment of type 2 diabetes and stress using neuro-emotional technique: case report
Authors: Bablis Peter , Day Ryan R. , Pollard Henry
Published: July 2024

This case report presents a novel, non-pharmacological treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in a 46-year-old male, demonstrating improvements in blood chemistry and psychometric markers after 8 treatments using a Mind-Body Intervention (MBI) called Neuro-Emotional Technique (NET). The patient presented with a diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), pain, psychosocial indicators of stress and anxiety, and a score of 4 on the ACE-Q (Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire) that is consistent with a predisposition to chronic disease and autoimmune disorders. Glucose levels for this patient were above normal levels (typically between 10-15mmol/L where optimal range is between 4-10mmol/L) for at least two months prior to the 4-week NET intervention period, despite the standard use of conventional antidiabetic medications (insulin injections). The patient exhibited numerous indictors of chronic stress that were hypothesised to be underlying his medical diagnosis and a series of 8 NET treatments over a period of 4 weeks was recommended. Psychometric tests and glucose measurements were recorded at baseline (prior to treatment), 4 weeks (at the conclusion of treatment) and at 8 weeks (4 weeks following the conclusion of treatment). Results show that glucose levels were reduced, and self-reported measures of depression, anxiety, stress, distress and pain all decreased from high and extreme levels to within normal ranges after 4 weeks, with ongoing improvement at 8 weeks. McEwen described the concept of allostatic load and the disruptive effects that cumulative stress can have on both mental and physical health. It is hypothesized that NET reduces allostatic load thereby fortifying homeostasis and the salutogenic stress response mechanisms involved in recovery from chronic illness, possibly via the Psycho-Immune-Neuroendocrine (PINE) network. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to establish whether these results could be extrapolated to a wider population, however the results of this case suggest that it may be beneficial to consider co-management of T2D with an MBI such as NET.
Future research avenues for the study of fibropapillomatosis in sea turtles
Authors: Dupont Sophie M. , Bustamante Paco , Duffy David J. , Fort Jérôme , Le Loc’h Guillaume , Lelong Pierre , Chevallier Damien , Giraudeau Mathieu
Published: July 2024

Fibropapillomatosis (FP) is a debilitating tumoral disease affecting sea turtles worldwide. While mainly afflicting immature individuals and potentially altering vital functions, the precise impact of this panzootic on turtle health and survival remains unclear. Moreover, the etiological factors implicated in the FP emergence, development and transmission are not yet definitively identified. Among them, an infection by a spreading herpesvirus and the contamination by pollutants (either organic pollutants and trace elements) are suspected. Here, we provide an overview of discoveries, knowledge and propose hypotheses related to FP within five key FP research areas, i.e., virology studies, transmission studies, contamination studies, host genomic studies, and veterinary treatment assays. Moreover, we recommend urgent research avenues to develop at the interface of virology, epidemiology, ecotoxicology, oncology, physiology, immunology, cellular and evolutionary biology, in order to characterize the dynamics of FP and to predict its consequences on sea turtle populations. Importantly, extending the implementation and development of strong collaborations between rehabilitation centers, field biologists and research laboratories at large geographical scale is required to rapidly increase our knowledge on FP and work towards its effective management.
Exploring the causal effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels on the risk of type 1 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Abolo Lydia , Ssenkaali Joachim , Mulumba Onan , Awe Olaitan I.
Published: July 2024

The burden of Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is vast and as of 2021, an estimated 8.4 million people were living with the disease worldwide. Predictably, this number could increase to 17.4 million people by 2040. Despite nearly a century of insulin therapy for the management of hyperglycemia in T1D, no therapies exist to treat its underlying etiopathology. Adequate dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3) has been reported in observational studies and Randomized Controlled Trials to be associated with reduced risk of developing T1D but results have been inconclusive. We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the relationship between ω-3 intake and T1D. We performed a two-sample MR analysis using single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with ω-3 levels in a sample of 114,999 Europeans and their effects on T1D from a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of 24,840 European participants. A main MR analysis using the Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was conducted and validated using MR-Egger, Weighted median, and Weighted mode methods. Sensitivity analyses excluding potentially pleiotropic single nucleotide polymorphisms were also performed. Main MR analysis using the IVW method showed no evidence of a causal relationship between ω-3 levels and T1D risk (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.56–1.51, p = 0.745). MR-Egger and Weighted mode methods showed similar results while Weighted median showed a marginally significant association (OR: 1.15, CI: 1.00–1.32, p = 0.048). Sensitivity analysis revealed heterogeneity in the main analysis MR estimates (IVW Q > 100, p < 0.0001) and no directional pleiotropy (Egger intercept: −0.032, p = 0.261). Our study found limited evidence of a causal association between ω-3 and T1D, with only a marginally significant association observed in one of the four MR methods. This challenges the proposition that ω-3-rich diets are of substantial benefit for the prevention and management of T1D.