bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound evaluation of post-cesarean uterine wound healing based on a figure of eight suturing technique
Authors: Sitepu Makmur , Rizaldi Muhammad Birza , Djafar Siddik
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/15Du23GFCWc
 
Introduction: A niche (also called an isthmocele) is a defect or uterine scar that can be detected by ultrasound a few weeks or months after delivery by cesarean section. A niche is often associated with obstetric complications in subsequent pregnancies, including uterine dehiscence and/or rupture, placenta previa, and placenta accreta. Placenta accreta is characterized by abnormal attachment of the placenta to the uterine wall and is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the healing of surgical wounds with the figure of eight suturing techniques.
Methods: This study included 32 primigravida patients who underwent cesarean section at RSIA (Mother & Child Hospital) Rosiva from March 2006 to July 2006. On day 6 of the puerperium, the uterine sutures were examined with transvaginal ultrasound. Patients were subsequently allowed to return to their homes to receive outpatient treatment. On day 40, the patients were requested to return to the hospital for a follow-up ultrasound examination.
Results: On day 6, incomplete wound healing was found in 31 patients (96.9%) and complete wound healing in 1 patient (3.1%). On day 40, 31 patients (96.9%) experienced perfect or complete healing. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in wound healing between day 6 and day 40 (p = 0.0001).
Conclusion: On day 40 after cesarean section, as many as 96.9% of patients showed perfect/complete wound healing (type I) without a niche. Therefore, these patients had a low risk of obstetric complications associated with uterine scarring in subsequent pregnancies.
The effect of family background on autism spectrum disorder student's pronunciation mastery: a case study
Authors: Azizah Nurul Latifatul , Saputri Tiyas , Syiddatul Budury
Published: May 2024

Background: Special needs students come from many diverse and different family backgrounds. It may become a factor in special needs student learning performance. The purposes of this study are to find out how family background can affect special needs students in Pronunciation mastery and the process of special needs students in pronunciation mastery.
Methods: This study is a descriptive qualitative study using the case study method with three data collections. There are interviews, observations, and documentation. It becomes a unique single case study because the object of the study is an autism spectrum disorder student who continues his study until college and has good English pronunciation.
Results: The result of the study found that the most influential factor that can affect an autism spectrum disorder child’s pronunciation mastery is family motivation. The term motivation here is the desire from the parents who want to develop their skills and also motivation to develop their special needs child, in the hope that the special needs child can be Independent with their skills.
Conclusion: This autism spectrum disorder student has certain unique repetitive behavior: checking an English word through google translate. He often listens to how to pronounce words correctly. Although the parents come from a low social class, they can still improve their special needs child's Pronunciation by giving a supportive educational environment.
Composite characterization of freeze-dried human amnion membrane and human adipose tissue derived stromal cells for soft tissue engineering
Authors: Rizal Yusuf , Edward Mouli , Martanto Tri Wahyu , Suroto Heri
Published: May 2024

Background: Soft tissue engineering has widely explored freeze-dried human amniotic membrane (FdHAM) and human adipose-derived stromal cells (hADSC) as separate components. In this study, the composite of FdHAM and hADSC combination was investigated regarding cell morphology and density, constituent components, and cytotoxicity evaluation.
Methods: In vitro experimental laboratory research was conducted to analysis of the FdHAM and hADSC composites. Evaluation of cell viability and CD105 for hADSC, evaluation of pore diameter for amniotic membrane and assessment of composite cell morphology, constituent components, evaluation of cytotoxicity, and cell density was conducted.
Results: Our morphology data indicated that clusters of hADSC with homogenous distribution on FdHAM. The viability test showed that the hADSCs were still dominantly alive with an average percentage of 69.3% with the mean cell concentration being 1.53 x 106/mL. The average FdHAM pore diameter was 1.90±0.30 µM. Our data suggested that FdHAM was nontoxic with good cell survivability after exposure to FdHAM.
Conclusions: The structure of FdHAM and hADSC has excellent basic properties and therefore suitable for use as carriers of hADSC or in soft tissue engineering. Compared to the available literature, the characteristic of the FdHAM and hADSC composite is ideal and may be used as an end-product for use in humans.
The effect of school closure and online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on the academic performance of elementary school-aged children
Authors: Pandango Glabela Christiana , Suryawan Ahmad , Irmawati Mira
Published: May 2024

Introduction: School closures and online learning during the Coronavirus Disease-19 (Covid-19) pandemic have raised concerns about school-aged children's learning loss during the epidemic. This study aims to evaluate the effects of school closures and online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic on the academic performance of elementary school-aged children in East Java.
Methods: The data taken were basic characteristic data as well as academic performance statistics in Mathematics, Indonesian Language, and Science from six elementary schools in two major cities (Surabaya and Sidoarjo) during the 2018–2019 and 2021–2022 academic years. Inclusion criteria were the academic reports of fourth- through sixth-grade elementary school-aged children. Chi-Square, ANOVA, and independent sample T-test were used for statistical analysis.
Results: Overall, academic performance decreased near the end of online learning as compared to the beginning of online learning (87 ± 5.8 vs. 84.7 ± 6.2; p-value = 0.043). Lower academic performances were also shown by children from private schools during online learning compared to before online learning (89.9 ± 4.7 vs. 87.8 ± 4.9; p-value = 0.003), and at the end of online learning compared to the beginning of online learning (89.8 ± 4.5 vs. 86.9 ± 3.3; p-value = 0.013). Lower academic performance was also shown by children in Sidoarjo during online learning compared to before online learning (90.4 ± 4 vs. 89 .1 ± 2.9; p-value = 0.009), and at the end of online learning compared to the beginning of online learning (90.3 ± 3.5 vs. 88 ± 2.1; p-value = 0.004).
Conclusion: We found differences in children's academic performance at the beginning and end periods of online learning, as well as differences between private and public school students. Considering online learning has impacted children's academic performance, offline learning should be undertaken to optimize comprehension effectively.
The effectiveness of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) graft to expression of IL-1 and TNF-α in cornea post NaOH exposure: an experimental study
Authors: Airlangga Marisa Surya , Prastyani Reni , Nurwasis  , Plumeriastuti Hani , Utomo Budi
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/Qw5E3Le-WJk
 
Background: Alkaline trauma of cornea often causes irreversible vision loss, even though it is quickly treated. The effectiveness of anti-inflammatory therapy as a main treatment is still limited clinically, as well as has dangerous side effects. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is quite safe and effective in the treatment of descemetocele and also important in wound healing process. PRF membrane also provides a mechanical function as a framework for cell proliferation, differentiation and migration which is important for tissue regeneration. This study aimed to analyse the effectiveness of PRF grafts on expression of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in cornea post NaOH exposure.
Methods: An experimental study was conducted on Oryctolagus cuniculus which was exposed to 1 N NAOH for 30 seconds. The study subjects were 14 rabbits consisting of 7 PRF graft rabbits and 7 control rabbits. The rabbit's right eye was then irrigated, dripped with 1% levofloxacin 1 drop and a PRF graft was placed.
The effectiveness of PRF graft was analysed by percentage of expression of IL-1 and TNF-α in cornea post NaOH exposure
Results: No significant differences were found in expression of IL-1 (p>0.05) and expression of TNF-α (p>0.05) in cornea post NaOH exposure. There was a decrease in the expression of IL-1 between control and PRF graft groups. The combination of the mechanical and chemotactic functions of PRF membranes makes them suitable as an autologous biomaterial for reconstruction, repair, and maintenance of ocular surfaces.
Conclusion: PRF plays a significant role in wound healing and preventing excessive fibrosis, therefore it has the enormous potential to reduce the expression of IL-1 in corneal alkaline damage.
Risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care patients at tertiary referral hospital
Authors: Dewi Ayu Permatasari Tribuana Tungga , Mertaniasih Ni Made , Semedi Bambang Pujo , Alimsardjono Lindawati , Endraswari Pepy Dwi
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/YEQ3ICJPmxA
 
Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) occurs after endotracheal intubation and ventilator for more than 48 hours therefore it is an emerging threat to patient safety. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence and compare the risk factors of ventilator patients diagnosed with ventilator-associated pneumonia and patients with ventilators who are not diagnosed with ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Methods: This study used a retrospective observational with a case-control approach. Data was collected from January 2019 to December 2021. The risk factors to be analysed were comorbidities, antibiotic therapy, length of stay in the intensive care unit, duration of ventilator use, and history of surgery.
Results: There were 18 patients in the VAP and the control groups met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The incidence of incidents in 2019 was 3.2 per 1000 ventilator days; in 2020, it was 1.2 per 1000 ventilator days; and in 2021, it was 1.2 per 1000 ventilator days. Comparison test results using Mann-Whitney showed a difference with a p<0.05. Patients with prolonged use of ventilators (p<0.05) and prolonged hospitalization (p<0.05) have a higher risk of developing ventilator-associated pneumonia. The average VAP occurs on the fourth day on a ventilator. Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae cause most bacterial infections
Conclusion: There is a high risk of developing VAP in patients with prolonged use of ventilators and extended stays in the intensive care unit of the Tertiary Referral Hospital.
Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of SRY-Box Transcription Factor 2 (SOX2) Overexpression in Central Nervous System Tumor: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sasmana I Gede Aswin Parisya , Wiranata Sinta , Yogananda Komang Chandra , Wihandani Desak Made , Supadmanaba I Gede Putu
Published: May 2024

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors have been recognized as a type of tumor with high progressivity and a five-year survival rate of just 36%. SRY-related high mobility group box-2 (SOX2) is a gene encoding the Sox2 protein which is found to be overexpressed in various CNS tumors and contribute to its progressiveness. This gene contributes to CNS tumors through several signaling pathways, including Shh, Wnt, FGFR, and TGF-β signaling pathways. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of SOX2 overexpression in CNS tumor.
Patients and methods: The literature searches on Cochrane Library, PubMed, and ScienceDirect were conducted systematically up to December 2022 based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) method to find relevant references. The effect of SOX2 overexpression on clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic value were analyzed using Review Manager 5.4 (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK).
Results: Ten suitable studies with a total of 466 patients with CNS tumors including gliomas (glioblastoma, astrocytoma, oligoastrocytoma, and oligodendrogliomas) and meningiomas, were included. Our analysis shows a significant association between the overexpression of SOX2 with the grade of CNS tumor (OR 7.05; 95%CI: 2.83 to 17.53; I2 = 53%; p< 0.0001) both in gliomas and meningiomas, with gender (OR 2.08; 95%CI: 1.30 to 3.34; I2 = 13%; p = 0.002) especially in non-Asian population, and higher in primary tumor than recurrent tumor (OR 4.31; 95%CI: 1.41 to 13.14; I2 = 13%; p = 0.01). On the prognostic value, SOX2 overexpression insignificantly associates with poor overall survival (HR 1.73; 95%CI: 0.49 to 6.18; I2 = 83%; p = 0.40)
Conclusion: SOX2 overexpression suggests a role as a biomarker in predicting the poorer grade of CNS tumors.
Inverted Papilloma in a 61-year-old Man: A Case Report
Authors: Santosa Agus , Permatasari Dian , Laksmi Putu Pradnyasanti , Devinta Made Ratih Santi , Saraswati Made Ratna
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Inverted papilloma is a benign epithelial tumor of cavum nasi and paranasal sinuses that originates on the mucosal surface of the sinonasal tract. The etiology of this tumor remains unknown although chronic sinusitis, allergy, and viral infections are suspected. Although it is a benign tumor, it has a tendency toward malignancy. We aim to present the report as a case of sinonasal inverted papilloma with clinical manifestations, and radiological and histopathological features in a 61-year-old male patient.
Case Presentation: A 61-year-old man presented to the Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT), Bali Royal Hospital on 17 January 2023 with left nasal obstruction 5 years ago, and getting worse over 3 months. Due to the obstruction, he felt his sense of smell diminished. He also often sneezed had headaches and felt his left nose was bigger than his right. On examination, a grey-white mass with an irregular, slippery surface, and soft consistency were found. The mass did not bleed easily, was not painful when touched, and filled almost the entire cavum nasi sinistra. CT scan revealed rhinosinusitis of maxillary dextra et sinistra, ethmoidal dextra et sinistra, and frontalis sinistra with polyp shape and concha nasi sinistra protruding posteriorly. Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) and extirpation under general anesthesia (GA) were planned. An excisional biopsy was sent for histopathological examination. Based on clinicohistopathologic, it suggests of final diagnosis of inverted papilloma.
Conclusion:  Due to the signs and symptoms of inverted papilloma are not specific, a CT scan and biopsy are needed to confirm the diagnosis. To reduce the recurrence of these tumors, complete tumor removal with an endoscopic approach is recommended. Long-term follow-up is also necessary to prevent the recurrence
Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) in preconditioning of hypoxic cultures compared to normoxic cultures to prevent the formation of fibrous tissue: a review article
Authors: Pramana Ida Bagus Putra , Duarsa Gede Wirya Kusuma , Mahadewa Tjokorda Gde Bagus , Widiana I Gde Raka
Published: May 2024

Background: Stem cells are a key element in regenerative medicine for their ability to differentiate into various cell phenotypes. According to the literature review, one process that might improve the functionality of ADSCs is hypoxic culture conditions. Hypoxic oxygen culture conditions at 5% concentration are said to increase stem cell proliferation and viability after transplantation.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted by the author to obtain relevant studies from the PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, PreMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for the last twenty years (January 2002 – July 2022). The author used a search strategy with the following keywords: Adipose-Derived Stem Cells, hypoxic culture, normoxic culture, or pre-conditioned stem cells.
Discussion: Hypoxic culture preconditioning of ADSCs with an oxygen concentration of 5% can improve proliferation capabilities and stem cell viability post-transplantation. Hypoxic preconditioning will enhance the expression of HIF-1
Various plant extracts that contain polyphenols and have antidiabetic effects: A literature review
Authors: Wong Marta Wangsadinata , I Gusti Ayu Artini
Published: May 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multifactorial disease or chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood sugar levels and abnormalities in the metabolism of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates due to inadequate insulin. Diabetes mellitus is a common condition that has a significant impact on health. Indonesia is renowned for having a variety of herbal plants high in antioxidants, notably polyphenols, which can be utilized as a promising alternative in type 2 diabetes. Most plant components have been employed as extracts, and they may have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities connected to conditions like diabetes, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative illness, or cancer. Through this review, it is hoped that we will gain a better understanding of how antioxidants in plants are a promising alternative in reducing blood glucose in a patient with diabetes mellitus.
Antioxidant activity of kecombrang flower (Etlingera elatior) methanol extract and identification of its compounds using LC-MS/MS
Authors: Ni Wayan Bogoriani  , Sri Wahjuni  , Maria Krissanti Ema
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The Kecombrang plant (Etlingera elatior) is a plant that has natural antioxidant potential. The antioxidant activity of a plant depends on the amount of active compound extracted and the extraction method. This study aimed to determine the active compound with LC-MS/MS.
Methods: Vacum rotary evaporator, UV-Vis Shimadzu spectrophotometer, set of tools LCMS/MS ACQUITY UPLC®H-Class System (waters, USA). Kecombrang flowers (Etlingera elatior) were obtained from the Soka traditional village, Tabanan and determined at the LIPI-UPT Center for Plant Conservation of the Bali "Eka Karya" Botanical Garden” Bali.
Results: Kecombrang flowers (Etlingera elatior) reported that the higher the methanol concentration, the higher the total flavonoids and antioxidants level. Antioxidants were carried out to determine the capacity of the active compounds in the extract to scavenge free radicals. Based on the IC50 value obtained, the methanol extract of kecombrang flowers with a concentration of 99% had the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 86.59 mg/L and was classified as a strong antioxidant. Kecombrang flowers macerated with 70% methanol and 50% methanol had moderate antioxidant activity, as indicated by the IC50 values ​​of 100.32 mg/L and 123.91 mg/L, respectively.
Conclusion: Antioxidant activity test of kecombrang flowers (Etlingera elatior) methanol extract with concentration variation 99%,70%, and 50% the best antioxidant value 99 % low concentration solvent has a high boiling point, so that it evaporates slowly, resulting in a higher extract yield.
Beneficial health effects of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea): A literature review
Authors: Santosa Donabella Fortuna
Published: May 2024

The butterfly pea, a plant belonging to the Fabaceae family, is found extensively globally, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Locals often utilize butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) as a medicinal resource due to its flavonoid compounds, predominantly present in its roots, leaves, and flowers. Flavonoids, which are phenolic compounds, possess antioxidant properties that safeguard against cell damage caused by free radicals. This review of the literature aims to explore the various health benefits associated with the butterfly pea. The approach conducted in writing this article involves sourcing information from diverse journal articles available online, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. Based on the review, butterfly pea flowers are recognized for their advantageous qualities, including antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, hypoallergenic, antitussive, anti-aging, and antidepressant properties.
An anterolateral thigh free flap for reconstruction of extensive neck defect in diabetic patient: a case report
Authors: Santoso Rosalyn Devina , Hamid Agus Roy Rusly Hariantana , Sanjaya I Gusti Putu Hendra
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Reconstruction of the head and neck has challenges due to its three-dimensional structure, tissue complexity, extent of the defect, and clinical scenarios. Advances in microsurgical techniques make free tissue transfer reconstruction a popular choice to address these issues. Anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALT) is a workhorse flap for head and neck reconstruction due to its long and reliable pedicle, large volume, versatility in composition, and low donor morbidity. However, diabetes mellitus may contribute to developing postoperative complications, such as vascular occlusions and thrombosis, that endanger free flap survival and are associated with poor wound healing. This case report demonstrates the successful utilization of this approach in the closure of extensive neck defects in a diabetic patient.
Case Presentation: A 56-year-old male was referred with a 21 cm x 15 cm defect following an odontogenic submandibular abscess. The flaw was extended from the intrabuccal, neck, and one-third of the upper anterior thorax, involving the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and exposed mandibular bone. The patient had previously uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Surgical debridement, antibiotics, insulin for glucose control, and wound bed preparation were performed. A free fasciocutaneous ALT flap was used for defect closure. The flap was raised template-based, sized 24 × 15 cm, with a pedicle from the descending branch of a lateral circumflex femoral vessel. End-to-end anastomosis of one artery and vein of the superior thyroid vessel was performed. The donor site was closed using a split-thickness skin graft. The surgery and recovery were uneventful. Flap refinement was carried out one month later. The patient underwent a three-month follow-up period, expressing satisfaction with the aesthetic and functional outcomes.
Conclusions: Anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALT) is a workhorse flap for reconstruction of head and neck reconstruction due to its long and reliable pedicle, large tissue volume with various compositions, and low donor morbidity. The LD  flap presents as an alternative for free tissue transfer. Regional pedicled flaps can be chosen where microsurgery is not available or suitable. However, vascular compromise and flap failure remain a challenge. Identifying and managing risk factors such as diabetes mellitus are needed to minimize significant complications.
Tinnitus characteristics and risk factors in the Bali region
Authors: Gde Ngurah Indraguna Pinatih  , Eka Putra Setiawan  , Ni Putu Oktaviani Rinika Pranitasari  , I Putu Santhi Dewantara  , Pinatih Ketut Tadeus Max Nurcahya , I Made Nudi Arthana
Published: May 2024

Introduction: It has been recognized that suitable external sounds can reduce or even make tinnitus impossible to hear. The working principle of sound therapy will be used to create a new tool or approach that suits the conditions of Indonesian society. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of tinnitus and its associated risk factors.
Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Denpasar City, Gianyar Regency, and Badung Regency for one year. Patients who visited the ENT doctors' practices in these areas were interviewed with prepared instruments. The patients were then subjected to clinical and audiometric examinations. The data will be analyzed descriptively to get an overview of tinnitus's sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
Result: A total of 101 participants were included in this study. Most tinnitus patients were unilateral on the left side of the ear. The most common sound is ringing, up to 70.3% of 101 research subjects, followed by sound types such as pulse and roaring sound. Furthermore, the frequency and amplitude of tinnitus sounds are quite varied, but the majority is dominated by high frequencies (3000 - 8000Hz).  Based on the ear affected, the largest number of tinnitus sufferers were found in the left ear (47.0%). In this study, 82 people (81.2%) had a history of frequently using earphones, while 19 other people never used earphones in everyday life. Among all participants, 95 people (94.1%) were not exposed to noise at work.
Conclusion: The clinical characteristics of the tinnitus sound type were mostly ringing sounds, followed by pulse-like sounds and buzzing sounds. The frequency and amplitude of tinnitus sounds quite varied. Stress factors and the use of earphones occur in most tinnitus sufferers.
Exercise-induced hypertension
Authors: Saputra I Putu Pande Agus Asmara Widhiana , Puteri Made Widya Wirayanti
Published: May 2024

Exercise and physical activity are important topics in clinical practice, and are increasing in modern times where lifestyle-related and chronic diseases are becoming more important than infectious and acute diseases. Proper exercise is beneficial for preventing and treating cardiovascular disease. Exercise poses a risk of exercise-induced hypertension (exercise-induced hypertension). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and B-blockers will be the best treatment options. Most athletes exercise vigorously for a duration (90-300 minutes/day) 10 times higher than the recommended duration given by the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Therefore, a reduction in exercise duration and intensity may be necessary to prevent cardiovascular side effects.
 
Olahraga dan aktivitas fisik merupakan topik penting dalam praktik klinis, dan semakin meningkat di zaman modern di mana penyakit yang berhubungan dengan gaya hidup dan kronis menjadi lebih penting daripada penyakit infeksi dan akut. Olahraga yang tepat bermanfaat untuk mencegah dan mengobati penyakit kardiovaskular, Olahraga berlebihan terdapat risiko hipertensi disebabkan oleh olahraga (exercise-induced hypertension). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor dan B-blocker akan menjadi pilihan pengobatan terbaik. Sebagian besar atlet berolahraga dengan penuh semangat selama durasi (90-300 menit/hari) 10 kali lebih tinggi dari durasi yang disarankan yang diberikan oleh American College of Sports Medicine dan American Heart Association. Oleh karena itu, pengurangan durasi dan intensitas latihan mungkin diperlukan untuk mencegah efek samping kardiovaskular
Choledochal Cyst (CC) Todani type I in two years old girl: a case report
Authors: Dira I Komang Prayoga Ariguna , Putra I Gusti Ngurah Sanjaya , Karyana I Putu Gede , Nesa Ni Nyoman Metriani , Ariyanta Kadek Deddy , Dharmajaya I Made
Published: May 2024

Backgrounds: Choledocal cyst (CC) is a rare congenital cystic dilation of the bile duct and can be associated with severe complications, including malignancy and inflammation of the surrounding anatomy. Approximately 80% of CC is diagnosed in infants and young children in the first decade of life. Complete surgical resection is recommended in patients with choledochal malformations with excellent outcomes. 
Case Presentation: A two-year-old girl had intermittent abdominal pain in the upper right quadrant. This complaint was accompanied by fever, nausea and vomiting, decreased appetite and drinking. The physical examination revealed jaundice on the sclera and palpable liver, two fingers below the costal arch. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a cystic mass in the right lower lobe suggestive of the hepatic cyst with inflammation of the cystic head of the pancreas and minimal free fluid per lumen. An abdominal C.T. scan without contrast showed a choledochal cyst classified as Todani Type IV. A cyst in the bile duct was found during the surgical procedure 
Conclusion: Choledocal cyst is one of the differential diagnoses in children with symptoms of abdominal pain. Appropriate surgical measures should be undertaken to avoid complications.
Characteristics of patients with recurrent hernia in a single institution
Authors: Warsinggih  , Zhafiyra Andi Ariyqa , Mulawardi  , Sulmiati  , Shanaya Shandy
Published: May 2024

Background: Hernia repair is one of the most common surgical procedures performed to treat with many treatments worldwide. However, there were recorded cases where the hernia recurred even though the patient had undergone hernia repair surgery. Various factors contribute to hernia recurrence, such as gender, age, body mass index, physical activity, comorbidities, location, and the period of hernia recurrence. This study presented characteristics of recurrent hernia patients in a single institution, especially at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia.
Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study that analyzes secondary data extracted from medical records at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. All patients enrolled in this study have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: A total of 177 patients’ data were collected, statistically processed in the form of tables and pie charts, and analyzed. It was identified that the characteristics of patients who experienced hernia recurrence in locations dominated by male sex (87%), with the adult age category dominating this case (46%). Patients with overweight and normal BMIs had the highest percentage of 27%, respectively. Unemployed patients (33%), self-employed (27%), and retired (13.3%) dominated patients with hernia recurrence. Most of the patients had comorbidities (10 people/ each of 6.7%). Patients with lateral hernia dominate the cases of hernia recurrence (80%). The largest hernia recurrence range time was <2 years (54%).
Conclusion: Patients with male, adult, overweight and normal BMI, unemployment, and with comorbidity dominated cases recurrent hernia. Patients with lateral hernia locations dominate cases of hernia recurrence.
Case report: interrupted aortic arch
Authors: Pajo Petrus Sewe , Suadiatmika Dewa Gde Mahiswara , Martadiani Elysanti Dwi
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Interrupted aortic arch (IAA) is one of the congenital heart diseases characterized by a complete anatomical and luminal disruption between the ascending and descending aorta. It is frequently accompanied by other congenital heart defects, such as PDA and VSD. IAA in adults is exceptionally rare. The presence of collateral circulation and PDA are key factors for patient survival. Thorax CTA is an excellent modality for imaging and diagnosis, ensuring that appropriate treatment can be carried out.
Case Presentation: An 18-year-old male patient presented with complaints of worsening shortness of breath 10 days prior to the examination. The shortness of breath has been experienced since school age, often occurring during exercise and strenuous activity. Thorax CTA results indicated IAA type A subtype 1 according to Celoria and Patton classification, PDA type A according to Krichenko classification, perimembranous VSD, cardiomegaly, and pulmonary hypertension.
Conclusion: IAA in adults is exceptionally rare. Adult IAA patients may exhibit no symptoms or may present with symptoms of CHF. Thorax CTA is one of the modalities employed to confirm the diagnosis of IAA. It can visualize the interruption and separation between the ascending and descending aorta, as well as the associated anomalies. The presence of a PDA and VSD ensures that the descending thoracic aorta distal to the defect continues to receive some oxygenated blood from the heart. Thorax CTA plays a pivotal role in establishing cases of IAA, as it helps clinicians to make a quick and accurate diagnosis.
Modulating ion-binding at macromolecular interfaces during (bio)mineralization: A snapshot review for calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate systems
Authors: Knight Brenna M. , McCutchin Christina A.
Published: May 2024

Local environments have strict influence over (bio)mineralization in calcifying systems. This snapshot review discusses recent insights into the roles of Ca2+-macromolecule interactions on the nucleation of calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate minerals. Experimental findings combined with simulations/modeling are providing breakthrough information and raising important questions for future studies. The emerging picture is that both nucleation and growth are driven by local ordering of ions and water about the macromolecule interface, rather than broader properties or molecular class. Tuning macromolecular properties at the atomic scale thus provides opportunities for highly specific controls on mineralization; however, many limitations and challenges remain. We highlight studies employing in-situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to observe crystallization processes on or near macromolecular substrates. As the distribution and ability of these techniques increases, fundamental studies integrating experimental and computational methods will be crucial to inform a broad range of applications.

Graphical abstract
Determining the influence of synthesis gas additives on the environmental performance of internal combustion engine
Authors: Mytrofanov Oleksandr , Proskurin Arkadii
Published: May 2024

The object of research is the environmental parameters of a reciprocating engine when using a synthesis gas additive to the main fuel. The research is aimed at solving the problem of reducing the concentration of harmful components in the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine by adding synthesis gas to the main fuel.
Experimentally, the dependences of the effect of the addition of synthesis gas to ethanol on the change in the environmental performance of a piston engine with spark ignition were obtained.
The positive effect of the addition of synthesis gas obtained by thermochemical conversion to ethanol in an amount of up to 5 % by weight on the environmental performance of a spark-ignition piston engine was established. Provided that the engine achieves the same effective power, the use of a synthesis gas additive to the main fuel made it possible to reduce the concentration of CO by 61.5 % and CH by 51.3 % in the exhaust gases. no more than 25–30 words
The addition of synthesis gas contributed to the formation of radicals that activate oxidation chain reactions, and also made it possible to increase the normal combustion rate of the fuel-air mixture by 6.25 %. This ensures normal engine operation on a leaner fuel-air mixture (α=1.21) without deterioration of environmental, energy and economic performance. no more than 25-30 words
The simultaneous reduction of the concentration of harmful components in the exhaust gases and engine efficiency can be achieved by using fuels with a wide concentration limit of ignition and high combustion rate in a lean mixture.
The experimental data obtained can be used in the design or modernization of transport and stationary power plants with internal combustion engines as an approach to meet ever-increasing environmental standards
Improving the calculation module for estimating pollutant emission from conventional and hybrid regional aircraft
Authors: Synylo Kateryna , Makarenko Vitalii , Krupko Andrii , Tokarev Vadim
Published: May 2024

For the aviation sector, it is extremely important to devise revolutionary solutions in the field of technology to restrain the potential impact of civil aviation on the environment to the level of the established strategic goals of ACARE (FlightPath2050). The introduction of innovative technologies (improvement of the combustion chamber, the introduction of electric hybrid power plants on airplanes, and the use of alternative aviation fuel) will ensure the sustainable growth of air transportation.
To assess the effectiveness of advanced technologies, it is extremely important to have a model for calculating global/local emissions that takes into account the parameters of the flight path of conventional and hybrid aircraft, operational characteristics of the aircraft engine and hybrid powerplant, and the features of sustainable fuel.
The improved module for calculating emission indices by combining the module for calculating the parameters of the flight path and the results of calculating the thermogas-dynamic calculation of the aircraft engine makes it possible to detect the influence of fuel consumption (engine thrust) on the values of the emission indices. This feature is representative for evaluating the efficiency of hybrid powerplants because the electrification of the aircraft fleet is primarily aimed at reducing fuel consumption.
The analysis of simulation results reveals that the fuel consumption and EINOx are significantly reduced (for the climb stage – 25 %; for the descent stage – 30 %) for the hybrid AN26 compared to the conventional AN26. The specified operational measure, in the part of the low-pitch descend, significantly reduces EICO for the hybrid AN26 by an average of 50 % compared to the descend stage for the conventional trajectory.
The results of calculations for the entire flight path demonstrate that the use of a hybrid power plant for An26 contributes to an average reduction of fuel consumption by 10 %, NOx emissions by 25 %, water vapor emissions by 10 %, and CO2 by 10 %.
Methods of Intellectual Text Analysis
Authors: Demidovich I. M.
Published: May 2024

Purpose. Natural language text processing techniques are used to solve a wide range of tasks. One of the most difficult tasks when working with natural language texts for different languages is to find certain indicators for further determining its authorship. The problem is still relevant due to the lack of a unified tool or method for working with texts in different languages. Working with texts in Ukrainian requires taking into account its peculiarities of word and sentence construction to obtain the best result. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the existing methods of text processing, their features and effectiveness in working with texts of different languages. Methodology. Natural language text processing methods are systematized by type and format, according to the tools and approaches used. For each method, its features, effectiveness, scope, and limitations are considered. The means of system analysis were used to form the final characterization of the method, taking into account its purpose and capabilities. Findings. The study of methods has revealed the following ones used for the intellectual analysis of texts in different languages, their scope, effectiveness in working with different languages, strengths and weaknesses. This will make it possible to choose an effective toolkit for working with Ukrainian texts. It has been established that intelligent text processing is a complex task that requires an individual approach to each language to take into account its peculiarities and obtain the best result. Originality. The basis for choosing an effective method for working with Ukrainian-language texts is formed, the existing methods of intellectual text processing, their application features, capabilities and efficiency in working with texts of different languages are analyzed and systematized. Practical value. The work allowed us to identify the most promising, effective and appropriate methods of intellectual analysis of natural language texts in order to use them for processing Ukrainian-language texts in the future.
Evaluation of the Hepatoprotective Effect of the Lumpy Bracket Medicinal Mushroom Trametes gibbosa (Agaricomycetes) on CCl4-Induced Liver Injury in Rats
Authors: Sarkar Amirhossein , Sabzevari Omid , Ebrahimi Seyed Esmaeil Sadat , Shahnazari Sana , Rad Reza Asadollahi , Vazirian Mahdi
Published: May 2024

Mushrooms have been used as medicine by humans for more than 5000 years. They have had a successful role in treating immune deficiencies. Nowadays, some extracts and compounds obtained from medicinal mushrooms have increased a great prospect of treating many disorders by having a great role in modulation of immune system, cancer inhibiting, cardio-vascular health, antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant and protective effects against hepatitis and diabetes. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant effect of methanol and hot water extract of the Trametes gibbosa (Pers.) Fr. mushroom and hepatoprotective effect of the extract with the most radical scavenging potency. To assess the antioxidant properties of different extracts of the mushroom, DPPH method was used. For assessing the hepatoprotective properties, a seven-day experiment was designed, and liver toxicity was induced by carbon tetrachloride [intraperitoneal (ip) for 7 consecutive days, 0.5 mL/kg body weight (BW)]. Rats were simultaneously fed with aqueous extract of the mushroom with the dose of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg BW and silymarin (100 mg/kg BW) as positive control. At the end of the experiment, blood serums of the rats were collected for quantification of major liver factors (e.g., aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alanine phosphatase, bilirubin, etc.). Tissue samples were obtained for pathological examination. Based on the results, the aqueous extract showed more potent radical scavenging activity (half-maximal inhibitory concentration = 414.33 μg/mL, compared with 936.92 μg/mL for methanolic extract). Indeed, hepatoprotective properties of the aqueous extract of the mushroom (500 and 1000 mg/kg BW) were comparable with those of silymarin and even showed superior protective effects in histopathological examination. It seems that with further complementary studies, T. gibbosa could be considered a potential candidate for hepatoprotection.
Narrativas de los investigadores en formación: una apuesta por la interinstitucionalidad del discurso
Authors: Montoya Dávila David , Urán Hamid Sebastián , Sierra Ospina Daniela , Hincapié Rúa Valentina , Hincapié Ortiz Érica Alexandra , Aldana Jiménez Diana
Published: May 2024

La narrativa es para algunos un método de investigación y, para otros, la manera de conocer el mundo desde la perspectiva de la experiencia humana, no obstante, para este artículo la narrativa constituye la suma de voces que ponen en evidencia los trayectos, los retos y las emergencias dadas por los escenarios de investigación. Aquí se exteriorizan los testimonios de seis investigadores en formación de diferentes instituciones académicas que han transitado por la investigación y ese decurso les ha posibilitado aportar al desarrollo de comunidades, al enriquecimiento de la profesionalidad con la visibilización de estrategias que trascienden las fronteras. La originalidad de sus palabras y la capacidad de transmitir los aprendizajes que se recogen en la experiencia de investigación, justifican los semilleros como un momento de trayectoria en la vida de un investigador que no queda en la escala temporal, dado que crea una estrecha relación con los modos de leer, tomar posición y transformar muchas realidades en el tiempo subsiguiente. En conclusión, los semilleros como herramientas estratégicas pedagógicas que impulsan con fuerza de apropiación el conocimiento, se han convertido en grupos inspiracionales y narrables en las instituciones, que contagian de emoción toda vez que perciben el saber como un conjunto de interrelaciones transformables y pensables desde los variados lugares, métodos y enfoques.
Firms’ financing choice between short-term and long-term debts: Are they substitutes?
Authors: Hempel Sam , Li Yi , Tibay Sean
Published: May 2024

When selecting debt to finance their operations and investments, companies face crucial decisions regarding the appropriate types of debt. Despite the classic Modigliani–Miller (1958) capital structure irrelevance result, real-world market frictions can significantly impact a firm's capital structure decisions. This reality means that one debt type is not a perfect substitute for another, due to differences in important factors including maturity structures, funding purposes, rollover risks, and funding costs.
Manufacturing Sentiment: Forecasting Industrial Production with Text Analysis
Authors: Cajner Tomaz , Crane Leland D. , Kurz Christopher , Morin Norman , Soto Paul E. , Vrankovich Betsy
Published: May 2024

This paper examines the link between industrial production and the sentiment expressed in natural language survey responses from U.S. manufacturing firms. We compare several natural language processing (NLP) techniques for classifying sentiment, ranging from dictionary-based methods to modern deep learning methods. Using a manually labeled sample as ground truth, we find that deep learning models partially trained on a human-labeled sample of our data outperform other methods for classifying the sentiment of survey responses. Further, we capitalize on the panel nature of the data to train models which predict firm-level production using lagged firm-level text. This allows us to leverage a large sample of "naturally occurring" labels with no manual input. We then assess the extent to which each sentiment measure, aggregated to monthly time series, can serve as a useful statistical indicator and forecast industrial production. Our results suggest that the text responses provide information beyond the available numerical data from the same survey and improve out-of-sample forecasting; deep learning methods and the use of naturally occurring labels seem especially useful for forecasting. We also explore what drives the predictions made by the deep learning models, and find that a relatively small number of words associated with very positive/negative sentiment account for much of the variation in the aggregatesentiment index.
Unclaimed Land Shares: Trends in the Development of Legislative Regulation
Authors: Dudina Anna
Published: May 2024

The article discusses current aspects of recognizing land shares from agricultural lands as unclaimed and turning them into municipal property. The importance of the topic is due to the importance of agricultural lands, which act as a guarantee for the development of agriculture in the country, as one of the strategic directions of the state in the field of food security in the Russian Federation. Recognizing land shares as unclaimed and registering them as municipal property is one of the important legally established ways of putting agricultural land into circulation against the backdrop of a decrease in the number of arable land areas in the state. Over the last decade, the state has been concerned about this situation and has been taking various measures aimed at preserving and increasing agricultural land. At the same time, with state regulation and the desire to preserve agricultural lands, it is necessary to respect the rights and legitimate interests of land shareholders as the weakest party in such land legal relations, take into account the vulnerability of such citizens due to their legal ignorance and lack of education on the part of local governments in the matter registration of rights to land shares. At the same time, local government bodies should strictly comply with the requirements of the law regulating the procedure for recognizing land shares as unclaimed, in order to guarantee constitutional protection of private property rights to land shares, as well as reduce the number of litigations in which the courts establish gross violations of the procedure for approving lists of land plots. It is especially important that municipalities comply with this procedure within the framework of the legal innovations which provided local governments with the right to acquire municipal property after January 1, 2025.