bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Real and Complex Spectra in some Real C*-Algebras and Applications
Authors: Didenko Victor D. , Silbermann Bernd
Published: September 2013

A real extension

\bar{\mathcal A}

of a complex

C*

-algebra

\mathcal A

by some element

m

which has a number of special properties is proposed. These properties allow us to introduce some suitable operations of addition, multiplication and involution on

\bar{\mathcal A}

. After then we are able to study Moore-Penrose invertibility in

\bar{\mathcal A}

. Because this notion strongly depends on the element

m

, we study under what conditions different elements m produce just the same involution on

\bar{\mathcal A}

.It is shown that the set of all additive continuous operators

\mathcal L_{add}(\mathcal H)

acting in a complex Hilbert space

\mathcal H

possesses unique involution only (in the sense defined below). In addition, we consider some properties of the real and complex spectra of elements belonging to

\bar{\mathcal A}

, and show that whenever an operator sequence

\{ \bar{\mathcal A}_n \} \subset \mathcal L_{add}(\mathcal H)

is weakly asymptotically Moore-Penrose invertible, then the real spectrum of

\bar{\mathcal A}*_n \bar{\mathcal A}_n

can be split in two special parts. This property has been earlier known for sequences of linear operators.
An Integral Operator Representation of Classical Periodic Pseudodifferential Operators
Authors: Vainikko Gennadi
Published: September 2013

In this note we prove that every classical 1-periodic pseudodifferential operator A of order

\alpha \in \mathbb R \\mathbb N_0

can be represented in the form

(Au)(t) = \int^1_0 [\kappa_{\alpha}^+(t - s)a_+(t,s) + \kappa_{\alpha}^– (t-s)a\_(t,s) + a(t,s)]u(s)ds

where

\alpha_±

and

a

are

C^{\infty}

-smooth 1-periodic functions and

\kappa_{\alpha}^±

are 1-periodic functions or distributions with Fourier coefficients

\kappa_{\alpha}^+(n) = |n|^{\alpha}

and

\kappa_{\alpha}^–(n) = |n|^{\alpha}

sign

(n)

(0 \neq n \in \mathbb Z)

with respect to the trigonometric orthonormal basis

\{e^{in2xt}\}_{n \in \mathbb Z}

of

L^2 (0,1)

. Some explicit formulae for

\kappa_{\alpha}^±

are given. The case of operators of order

\alpha \in \mathbb N_0

is discussed, too.
A General Coincidence Theory for Set-Valued Maps
Authors: O'Regan Donal
Published: September 2013

We present in this paper a coincidence theory for maps with closed graph and maps with continuous selections. Our theory relies on a new fixed point theorem for maps with closed graph. In addition, new minimax theorems and variational inequalities are presented.
Affinity Integral Manifolds for Impulsive Differential Equations
Authors: Kostadinov S.I. , Stamov G.T.
Published: September 2013

Sufficient conditions on the existence of affinity integral manifolds of linear and nonlinear impulsive differential equations are obtained.
Concerning the Convergence of a Modified Newton-Like Method
Authors: Argyros Ioannis K.
Published: September 2013

We provide sufficient convergence conditions for a certain Newton-like method to a locally unique solution of a nonlinear equation in a Banach space. We assume that the Fréchet-derivative of the operator involved satisfies in some sense uniformly continuous conditions, which are weaker than earlier ones. We show that our results apply where earlier ones fail. Finally, we solve a nonlinear integral equation of Uryson-type that cannot be solved using Proposition 2 in [10].
Limits of Inner Superposition Operators and Young Measures
Authors: De Pascale Luigi
Published: September 2013

We apply some well known theorems from the theory of Young measures to the theory of inner superposition (composition) operators. We give an explicit characterization of the limit operator of a weak-convergent sequence of inner superposition operators between Lebesgue spaces.
On the Spectrum of Orthomorphisms and Barbashin Operators
Authors: Biberdorf E.A. , Väth Martin
Published: September 2013

The paper is concerned with the spectrum of an operator

A = C + K

, where

C

is an orthomorphism and

K

is a compact operator. The proofs are in a certain sense constructive. The results are applied to Barbashin equations

\frac{dx}{dt} = Ax

, where

A = C+K

with a multiplication operator

C

and an integral operator

K

. In some particular cases even necessary and sufficient conditions for stability are given.
Optimal Control of a Variational Inequality with Application to the Kirchhoff Plate Having Small Flexural Rigidity
Authors: Lovíšek J.
Published: September 2013

This paper concerns an optimal control problem of elliptic singular perturbations in variational inequalities (with controls appearing in coefficients, right-hand sides and convex sets of states as well). The existence of an optimal control is verified. The applications to the optimal design of an elastic plate with a small rigidity and with inner (or moving) obstacle a primal finite element model is applied and convergence result is obtained.
Notes on Modular Conjugations of von Neumann Factors
Authors: Leitz-Martini Martin , Wollenberg M.
Published: September 2013

In this paper we present some results about the characterization of modular con-jugations of von Neumann algebras. Further, we show that hyperfinite factors of type II, III

_1

, and lIl

_\gamma

have algebraic conjugations which are not modular conjugations.
Commutator Characterization of Periodic Pseudodifferential Operators
Authors: Turunen Ville
Published: September 2013

We show in a novel way that periodic pseudodifferential operators are pseudodiffer-ential operators in Hörmander’s definition. In our approach, commutators a la Beals, Dunau, Coifman and Meyer on

\mathbb R^n

and on closed manifolds are involved.
Domain Identification for Semilinear Elliptic Equations in the Plane: the Zero Flux Case
Authors: Trong Dang Duc , Ang Dang Dinh
Published: September 2013

We consider the problem of identifying the domain

\Omega \subset \mathbb R^n

of a semilinear elliptic equation subject to given Cauchy data on part of the known outer boundary

\Gamma

and to the zero flux condition on the unknown inner boundary

\gamma

, where it is assumed that

\Gamma

is a piecewise

C^1

curve and that

\gamma

is the boundary of a finite disjoint union of simply connected domains, each bounded by a piecewise

C^1

Jordan curve. It is shown that, under appropriate smoothness conditions, the domain

\Omega

is uniquely determined. The problem of existence of solution for given data is not considered since it is usually of lesser importance in view of measurement errors giving data for which no solution exists. Keywords: Domain identification, semilinear elliptic
On the Stabilizability of a Slowly Rotating Timoshenko Beam
Authors: Krabs Werner , Sklyar Grigory M.
Published: September 2013

In this paper we continue our investigation of a slowly rotating Timoshenko beam in a horizontal plane whose movement is controlled by the angular acceleration of the disk of a driving motor into which the beam is clamped. We show how to choose a feedback control allowing to stabilize our system (the beam plus the disk) in a preassigned position of rest.
Regularized Derivatives in a 2-Dimensional Model of Self-Interacting Fields with Singular Data
Authors: Hörmann Günther , Kunzinger Michael
Published: September 2013

The coupled Maxwell-Lorentz system describes feed-back action of electromagnetic fields in classical electrodynamics. When applied to point-charge sources (viewed as limiting cases of charged fluids) the resulting nonlinear weakly hyperbolic system lies beyond the scope of classical distribution theory. Using regularized derivatives in the framework of Colombeau algebras of generalized functions we analyze a two-dimensional analogue of the Maxwell-Lorentz system. After establishing existence and uniqueness of solutions in this setting we derive some results on distributional limits of solutions with 6-like initial values.
On a Class of Parabolic Integro-Differential Equations
Authors: Kohl W.
Published: September 2013

Existence and uniqueness results for the integro-differential equation

u_1(x, t) - au_{xx} (x, t) = c(x, t)u(x, t) + \int^1_0 k(s, x)h(s, t, u(s, t)) ds + f(x, t)\\\ ((x,t) \in Q)

subject to the boundary condition

u(x,t) = \varphi (x,t)\\\ ((x, t) \in R)

and, especially, for the linear case

h(s,t,u) = u

are given. To this end, this equation is written as operator equation in a suitable Hölder space. The main tools are the calculation of the spectral radius in the linear case, and fixed point principles in the nonlinear case.
Konstruktive Verzweigungstheorie für Halbeigenwerte
Authors: Damm M.
Published: September 2013

By linearization of nonlinear semi-eigenvalue problem, especially for analytic maps with completely continuous Fréchet derivative, we develop the (primary) branching solutions and the corresponding semi-cigenvalues into power series with respect to a real parameter. We consider the algebraically simple case of the semi-eigenvalue of the linearization using the implicit function theorem and the Fredholm alternative.
Asymptotic Expansions of Integral Functionals of Weakly Correlated Random Processes
Authors: vom Scheidt J. , Starkloff H.-J. , Wunderlich R.
Published: September 2013

the paper asymptotic expansions for second-order moments of integral functionals of a family of random processes are considered. The random processes are assumed to be wide-sense stationary and

\epsilon

-correlated, i.e. the values are not correlated excluding an

\epsilon

-neighbourhood of each point. The asymptotic expansions are derived for

\epsilon \to 0

. Using a special weak assumption there are found easier expansions as in the case of general weakly correlated random processes. Expansions are given for integral functionals of real-valued as well as of complex vector-valued processes.
On Infinite-Horizon Optimal Control Problems
Authors: Effati S. , Kamyad A.V. , Kamyabi-Gol R.A.
Published: September 2013

In this paper, we consider infinite-horizon optimal control problems. First, by a suitable change of variable, we transform the problem to a finite-horizon nonlinear optimal control problem. Then the problem is modified into one consisting of the minimization of a linear functional over a set of positive Radon measure. The optimal measure is approximated by a finite combination of atomic measures and the approximate solution of the fist problem is find by the optimal solution of a finite-dimensional linear programming problem. The solution of this problem is used to find a piecewise constant control for the original one, and finally by using the approximate control signals we obtain the approximate trajectories.
Choquet Theory in Metric Spaces
Authors: Okon T.
Published: September 2013

This paper deals with a generalization of the classical Choquet theorem. We consider metric spaces which are endowed with an abstract notion of convexity. Convex combinations are obtained by the solutions of variational inequalities. A generalized Krein-Milman theorem is derived from our Choquet theorem. We end with an example based on hyperbolic geometry.
Umbral Calculus and Cancellative Semigroup Algebras
Authors: Kisil V.V.
Published: September 2013

We describe some connections between three different fields: combinatorics (umbral calculus), functional analysis (linear functionals and operators) and harmonic analysis (convolutions on group-like structures). Systematic usage of cancellative semigroups, their convolution algebras, and

tokens

between them provides a common language for description of objects from these three fields.
Some New Conformal Covariants
Authors: Wünsch V.
Published: September 2013

By means of a certain conformal covariant differentiation process explicit formulae are derived for(i) a conformally invariant generalized Bach tensor in dimension 6(ii) conformally invariant differential operators acting on weighted functions, especially one with leading term

?^4

(iii) conformal covariants on symmetric, trace-free p-tensor bundles, especially one with leading term

?^2

(iv) conformal covariants on differential forms.Furthermore, theorems for uniqueness, existence and non-existence of conformal covariants, in particular in dimension 4, are given.
Inverse Problems for Memory Kernels by Laplace Transform Methods
Authors: Janno Jaan , von Wolfersdorf Lothar
Published: September 2013

Basic inverse problems for identification of memory kernels in linear heat conduction and viscoelasticity in the infinite time interval (0;1) are treated by Laplace transform method in coupling with Fourier’s method for the direct initial-boundary value problem of the corresponding integro-differential equation. Under suitable assumptions on the data existence and uniqueness of the memory kernel are shown.
Identity Surfaces
Authors: Tutschke Wolfgang
Published: September 2013

It is well-known that the zeros of holomorphic functions in more than one complex variable are not isolated. Nevertheless, there exist so-called identity surfaces such that a holomorphic function vanishes identically everywhere if only it equals zero on an identity surface. In the paper identity surfaces will be constructed using the technique of completely integrable overdetermined systems of partial differential equations. Moreover, identity surfaces will be constructed not only for holomorphic functions but also for solutions of more general first order systems of partial differential equations.The present paper deals only with systems with real-analytic coefficients and, therefore, the classical Cauchy-Kovalevskaya and Holmgren theorems are applicable (while many recent papers deal with infinitely differentiable coefficients or they solve initial value problems with generalized analytic initial functions). Using the compatibility conditions of an overdetermined system, in the present paper the construction of identity surfaces (of minimal dimension) is carried out as some kind of inverse problem to an initial value problem.
On the Existence of Almost Periodic Lyapunov Functions for Impulsive Differential Equations
Authors: Stamov G.T.
Published: September 2013

In the paper the existence of almost periodic piecewise continuous functions of Lyapunov’s type for impulsive differential equations is considered. The impulses take place at fixed moments of time.
Existence Results for the Equation $– \Delta u = f(x, u) in \mathbb R^n$
Authors: Marano Salvatore A.
Published: September 2013

Strong solutions to the class of semilinear elliptic equations

– \Delta u = f(x, u) on the entire space and with possibly supercritical growth for

f(x, \cdot)$ are obtained by mainly using fixed points arguments. The case of discontinuous non-linearities is then examined.
A New Method for Obtaining Solutions of the Dirac Equation
Authors: Kravchenko Vladislav V.
Published: September 2013

The Dirac operator with pseudoscalar, scalar or electric potential and the Schrödinger operator are considered. For any potential depending on an arbitrary function

\xi

satisfying the equation

\Delta \xi – \gamma (\xi) \cdot \frac{d \gamma (\xi)}{d \xi} = 0

where

\gamma (\xi) = |\mathrm {grad} \ \xi|

there are constructed special solutions of the Dirac and the Schrödinger equations, and in some cases the fundamental solutions are obtained also. The class of solutions of equation (

\ast

) is sufficiently ample. For example, if 1)

\xi

is harmonic and 2) the gradient squared of

\xi

is constant, then

\xi

satisfies (*). That is, in particular, any complex linear combination of three variables

\xi = ax_1 + bx_2 + cx_3 + d

satisfies equation

(\ast)

, and the solutions may be obtained for any potential depending on such

\xi

. All results are obtained using some special biquaternionic projection operators constructed after having solved an eikonal equation corresponding to

\xi

.
Paley-Wiener-Type Theorem for a Class of Integral Transforms Arising from a Singular Dirac System
Authors: Zayed A.I. , Kim Tuan Vu
Published: September 2013

A characterization of weighted

L_2(I)

spaces in terms of their images under various integral transformations is derived, where

I

is a finite interval. The class of integral transformations considered is related to certain singular Dirac systems on a half line.
The Fundamental Solution of a Modified Oseen Problem
Authors: Farwig Reinhard , Novotný Antonín , Pokorný Milan
Published: September 2013

We study asymptotic properties of the fundamental solution to an Oseen-type system coming from fluid mechanics. We show that the solution has similar anisotropic structure near infinity as the fundamental solution to the (classical) Oseen problem. We also study integral operators with kernels representing the second gradient of the fundamental solution.
Traces of Besov Spaces Revisited
Authors: Johnsen J.
Published: September 2013

For the trace of Besov spaces

B^s_{p,q}

onto a hyperplane, the borderline case with

s = \frac {n}{p} – (n–1)

and

0 < p < 1

is analysed and a new dependence on the sum-exponent

q

is found. Through examples the restriction operator defined for

s

down to

\frac {1}{p}

, and valued in

L_p

, is shown to be distinctly different and, moreover, unsuitable for elliptic boundary problems. All boundedness properties (both new and previously known) are found to be easy consequences of a simple mixed-norm estimate, which also yields continuity with respect to the normal coordinate. The surjectivity for the classical borderline

s = \frac {1}{p} (1 ≤ p < \infty)

is given a simpler proof for all

q \in ]20, 1]

, using only basic functional analysis. The new borderline results are based on corresponding convergence criteria for series with spectral conditions.
Fractional Derivatives Non-Symmetric and Time-Dependent Dirichlet Forms and the Drift Form
Authors: Jacob N. , Schilling R.L.
Published: September 2013

Using fractional derivatives we show that the drift form

\int^{\infty}_{–\infty} u(x) \frac{dv(x)}{dx}dx

can be approximated by non-symmetric Dirichlet forms. A similar result holds for the drift form in

\mathbb R^n

with variable coefficients if the coefficient functions satisfy certain regularity and commutator conditions. Since time-dependent Dirichlet forms (in the sense of Y. Oshima) can be interpreted as sums of a drift form (in

\tau

-direction) and a mixture of

\tau

-parametrized Dirichlet forms over

\mathbb R^n

, our results show that time-dependent Dirichlet forms arise as limits of ordinary non-symmetric Dirichlet forms in

\mathbb R \times \mathbb R^n

-space. An abstract result on fractional powers of Markov generators allows to extend this observation to generalized Dirichlet forms. Another consequence is that the bilinear form induced by an arbitrary Lévy process is the limit of non-symmetric Dirichlet forms.
On a Generalization of Fueter’s Theorem
Authors: Sommen Franciscus
Published: September 2013

In this paper we discuss a generalization of Fueter’s theorem which states that whenever

f(x_0, x)

is holomorphic in

x_0+x

, then it satisfies

D?f = 0, D= \partial_{x_0} + i \partial_{x_1}+ j \partial_{x_2} + k \partial_{x_3}

being the Fueter operator.
Viscosity Solutions of Nonlinear Systems of Degenerated Elliptic Equations of Second Order
Authors: Wei-an Liu , Hua Chen
Published: September 2013

In this paper, we discuss the viscosity solutions of Dirichiet problem for weakly coupled systems of fully nonlinear second order degenerated elliptic equations. We prove the existence, uniqueness and continuity of solutions by Perron’s method combined with the technique of coupled solutions. Our results generalize those in [9] for the case of general quasi-monotonic systems.
On a System of Functional Equations in a Multi-Dimensional Domain
Authors: Long Nguyen Thanh , Nghia Nguyen Hoi
Published: September 2013

We study the system of functional equations

f_i(x) = \sum^n_{j=1} \sum^m_{k=1} a_{ijk} [x, f_i (S_{ijk} (x))] + g_i (x) \ \ (l ≤ i ≤n)

for

x \in \Omega_i

where

\Omega_i

are compact or non-compact domains of

\mathbb R^p, g_i : \Omega_i \to R, S_{ijk} : \Omega_i \to \Omega_j, a_{ijk} : \Omega_i \times \mathbb R \to \mathbb R

are given continuous functions and

f_i : \Omega_i \to \mathbb R

are unknown functions. The paper consists of two mains parts. In the first part we give some results on existence, uniqueness and stability of the solutions of such systems and study sufficient conditions to obtain quadratic convergence. In the second part we obtain the Maclaurin expansion and approximation of solution in the case that

a_{ijk}

are linear and

S_{ijk}

are affine functions.
A Nonlinear Boundary Value Problem for a Nonlinear Ordinary Differential Operator in Weighted Sobolev Spaces
Authors: Long Nguyen Thanh , Dung Bui Tien , Thuyet Tran Minh
Published: September 2013

We use the Galerkin and compactness method in appropriate weighted Sobolev spaces to prove the existence of a unique weak solution of the nonlinear boundary valued problem

– \frac {1}{x^{\gamma}} \frac {d}{dx} M (x,u'(x)) + f(x,u(x)) = F(x) \ \ (0< x < 1)

| \mathrm {lim}_{x \to 0_+} x^{\gamma / p} u'(x)| < + \infty

M(l,u'(1)) + h(u(l)) = 0

where

\gamma > 0, p > 2

are given constants and

f, F, h, M

are given functions.
Pregnancy Outcome in Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Joshi Sulbha , Kose Varsha
Published: September 2013

Introduction

Hepatitis in pregnancy is an important medical disorder seen more often in developing countries than in developed ones. Viral hepatitis is a major public health problem in India. Hepatitis in pregnancy is commonly associated with abortion, premature delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, coagulation defect, obstetric shock, coma, death and increased perinatal mortality and morbidity. This study was carried out to know the effect of viral hepatitis on pregnancy and to study its maternal and fetal outcome.

Materials and methods

This prospective clinical study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, from January 2010 to December 2012. All the antenatal cases attended Obstetrics and Gynecology Department were investigated for HBsAg and looked for any symptoms and signs suggesting hepatitis like fever, jaundice, nausea, vomiting. If present, they were admitted and further investigated to detect viral hepatitis. Patients were counseled for follow-up and strict hospital delivery. Patients with viral hepatitis were analyzed for the effect on pregnancy, maternal and fetal outcome.

Results

There were total 30 cases of viral hepatitis 24 (80%) cases were HBsAg positive, but all were asymptomatic 6 (20%) cases were hepatitis E positive. No HAV, HCV, HDV and hepatitis G infected cases were detected in our study. Maternal and fetal morbidity was significantly higher in hepatitis E infected women. Fetal mortality was observed in one case.

Conclusion

Pregnancy with viral hepatitis requires early diagnosis, hospitalization and treatment. In the present study hepatitis E was found to be the chief etiological agent associated with increased maternal morbidity, and high fetal morbidity and mortality.

How to cite this article

Kose V, Joshi S. Pregnancy Outcome in Viral Hepatitis. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(2): 60-63.
Group B Streptococci Colonization in Pregnant Women: Is Screening Necessary?
Authors: Patil Kamal , Singla SS , Nagmoti MB
Published: September 2013

Objectives

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) has been recognized as the leading cause of serious neonatal infections through mother—fetal vertical transmission in the west, however, in India, its spectrum is largely under estimated. The present study was carried out to find the incidence of rectovaginal carriage of GBS in parturient women, association with risk factors in mother and to study the neonatal outcome.

Materials and methods

A one year cross-sectional prospective study was carried out in 905 parturient women admitted at a tertiary care center meeting the selection criteria over a period of one year from June 2007 to May 2008. The inclusion criteria were all pregnant women admitted to the labor room after 35 ± 1 week of gestation. Rectal and vaginal swabs were taken and cultured on selective Todd-Hewitt broth medium followed by sub culture on blood agar and confirmation by Latex agglutination test from all the women meeting the inclusion criteria. The outcomes measured were the incidence, antenatal risk factors in mother and the neonatal outcome. Analysis was done using paired ‘t’ test, chi-square test and a p-value of <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.

Results

Incidence of group B Streptococcus (GBS) was 12.15% and detection rate was increased by 4.6% with the inclusion of rectal swabs for culture. GBS carriage was significantly increased with preterm birth (OR 8.3, 95% CI,1.1- 15.5), premature rupture of membranes (OR 7.5, 95% CI, 1.1- 13.4), prolonged duration of ruptured membranes more than 10 hours (OR 21, 95% CI,15.2-34.2) and intrapartum temperature more than 38°C(OR 3.1, 95% CI, 0.43-6.66). Birth weight less than 2.5 kg and neonatal intensive care admissions were significantly more (35.45%) in infants of GBS positive women.

Conclusion

GBS colonization was more frequent in women with risk factors. GBS pick up rate was increased by the inclusion of both rectal and vaginal swabs.

How to cite this article

Patil KP, Singla SS, Nagmoti MB, Swamy MK. Group B Streptococci Colonization in Pregnant Women: Is Screening Necessary? J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(2):64-67.
Improving Postabortion Care: Reflections from Sri Lanka
Authors: Priyanwada Pathiraja Ramya , Lakshmen Senanayake
Published: September 2013

Women who have experienced complications from miscarriage and unsafely induced abortions are among the most neglected of reproductive healthcare patients. In Sri Lanka and, the highest abortion rate of 67/1000 was recorded among women in the 35 to 39 years age. Long-term consequences, such as chronic pain, pelvic inflammatory disease and tubal occlusion, leading to secondary subfertility may result following abortions, and medical treatment remains a crucial component of care. Delay in seeking care, when complications occur, is an important contributory factor leading to death of these patients.

The infrastructure to make PAC services widely available usually lack in most of the developing countries. Emotional support, psychosocial counseling and provision of other reproductive services when necessary, following abortion have been shown to improve women's reproductive health and quality of their lives.

Care providers need to be supportive and should ensure the confidentiality and there is a need to strengthen the existing contraception service delivery system. PAC services should be continuously reviewed and appropriate changes should be made whenever necessary. Implementation is hindered by lack of awareness of national policies, overburdened and understaff, lack of staff skilled in counseling and supervision and poor contraceptive logistics.

Working in partnership, regular training, incorporation of PAC in preservice curricula is important to achieve universal access to sustainable high-quality PAC.

How to cite this article

Priyanwada PR, Lakshmen S. Improving Postabortion Care: Reflections from Sri Lanka. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(2):72-75.
Indian Clinical Experience on Innovative Product in Treatment of Male Infertility
Authors: Biswas KP , Amin Jayesh , Dutta Asit Kumar , Kunwar Kumud , Shinde Veena G , Chauhan Archana , Sud Shilpi , Maurya Rashmi , Nepal Neeti , Sarode Pankaj , Mazumder GP , Chitrabanshi Maulshri , Shibe Sushma , Shukla Ruma , Trivedi Neeraj , Dayal Meena , Sortey Devendra , Shukla Sharvaree , Gawade Bharati
Published: September 2013

Rising number of infertile males in India provokes the need of evidence-based comprehensive formula addressing unattended causes of male infertility. There is an innovative product*, a combikit available in Indian market, containing 30 tablets of antioxidant, multivitamin, amino acid and mineral tablets, with documented evidence on ingredients in treatment of male infertility, and 25 tablets of clomiphene citrate which is a timetested drug in treatment of male infertility (in particular oligospermia and/or asthenospermia). In order to assess efficacy of the product in Indian infertile male patients, we undertook phase IV multicentric clinical study, at 18 centers across India in 100 patients.

Very high couple pregnancy rate of 53% was reported. As first line treatment of male infertility (in particular oligospermia and/or asthenospermia), the use of this innovative product therefore holds a strong promise.

How to cite this article

Amin J, Mishra SK, Dutta AK, Kunwar K, Shinde VG, Chauhan A, Sud S, Maurya R, Nepal N, Sarode P, Biswas KP, Mazumder GP, Chitrabanshi M, Shibe S, Shukla R, Trivedi N, Dayal M, Sortey D, Shukla S, Gawade B. Indian Clinical Experience on Innovative Product in Treatment of Male Infertility. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(2):76-79.
Vaginal Adenosis in a 40-year-old Lady: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Hena Shamsun Nahar Begum , Akhter Nasrin , Das Sakti , Kutubi Afroza
Published: September 2013

Vaginal adenosis, without a history of diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure, is a rare condition with an unclear etiology. A 40- year-old female presented with complaints of persistent excessive watery vaginal discharge. On examination, there was red, patchy, diffuse lesion all over the vaginal wall and cervix. Histopathological examination of the lesion revealed vaginal adenosis. This case is presented here for its rarity.

How to cite this article

Hena SNB, Akhter N, Das S, Kutubi A. Vaginal Adenosis in a 40-year-old Lady: A Case Report and Review of Literature. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(2):80-82.
A Rare Case Report of Prune Belly Syndrome
Authors: Singhania Pooja , Shrivastava Deepti , Kakani Anuradha , Papalkar Juhee
Published: September 2013

Prune belly syndrome is a congenital abnormality of unknown etiology with characteristic features: Deficient development of abdominal muscles that causes the skin of the abdomen to wrinkle like a prune, cryptorchidism, abnormalities of the urinary tract. It is associated with high incidence of fetal and neonatal mortality. It can be diagnosed at 16 weeks during routine ultrasound and can be managed by fetal therapy. In rural setup women are neither visiting for routine anomaly scan nor affording for fetal therapy, hence termination of pregnancy remains the only option.

How to cite this article

Papalkar J, Shrivastava D, Kakani A, Singhania P. A Rare Case Report of Prune Belly Syndrome. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(2):83-84.
Spontaneous Parasitic Leiomyoma: A Rare Clinical Experience
Authors: Mandal Debasmita , Dattaray Chaitalli , Roy Sanchita
Published: September 2013

Although leiomyoma is one of the commonest uterine tumors prevalent among reproductive aged women, certain types like parasitic fibroid are rare and among these the primary variety rarer. The present case report is of a primary parasitic fibroid of large size neither connected with uterus and adnexae nor having any history of previous laparoscopic procedures. Aim of our reporting is to acknowledge the rarity, clinical parameters and management.

How to cite this article

Mandal D, Dattaray C, Roy S. Spontaneous Parasitic Leiomyoma: A Rare Clinical Experience. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(2):85-86.
Trapped Placenta and Conceptus in Uterine Sacculation: Two Rare Case Reports
Authors: Kokila MS , Dwivedi Akhilesh Dutta , Indira H , Dwarakinath L
Published: September 2013

Uterine sacculation is a very rare pregnancy complication having an incidence of about one in 3000 pregnancies. It is more commonly associated with retroverted uterus. Isolated sacculation either congenital or acquired is very rare. Without timely intervention, this can cause miscarriage, intrauterine fetal death, preterm delivery, uterine rupture, adherent/retained placenta and postpartum hemorrhage. Retained placenta is a common complication of congenital sacculation. Acquired sacculation occurs secondary to uterine surgeries, like uterine curettage, hysterotomy, cesarean section or following misoprost use. A rare case of retained placenta in the congenital uterine sacculation, first diagnosed during laparotomy done for failed manual removal of placenta, which was removed by hysterotomy. Another case with failed induction of abortion for intrauterine fetal demise and threatened rupture of acquired sacculation are reported.

Awareness and early diagnosis of uterine sacculation allows clinicians to be prepared for emergency situations and better manage complications, to limit fetomaternal morbidity and mortality.

Abbreviations

IUGR: Intrauterine growth restriction; IUFD: Intrauterine fetal death.

How to cite this article

Kokila MS, Indira H, Dwivedi AD, Dwarakinath L. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(2): 89-90.
South African Food Security and Climate Change: Agriculture Futures
Authors: Dube Sikhalazo , Scholes Robert J. , Nelson Gerald C. , Mason-D’Croz Daniel , Palazzo Amanda
Published: September 2013

The projected changes in planted area, yield per area, net exports/imports and prices for five major agricultural crops in South Africa were simulated using the projections of four Global Circulation Models (GCMs) under three socio-economic scenarios. The GCM projections show consistent strong warming over the subcontinent, but disagree with respect to future precipitation, from slight wetting (particularly on the eastern side) to overall slight drying. The future crop yields were simulated using the DSSAT crop model suite. The planted area, commodity prices and net exports were simulated using the IMPACT global food trade model. The results indicate slightly rising to stable yields per unit area up to 2050, despite climate change, largely due to the inbuilt assumption of ongoing agronomic and genetic improvements. Vulnerability to food insecurity increases in the future under all but the most optimistic development scenarios, and is exacerbated by climate change, especially through global-scale, market- related mechanisms. Policies to increase local agricultural production in South Africa, decrease climate sensitivity and access to international markets are highlighted.
APROVECHAMIENTO E INDUSTRIALIZACIÓN DE DOS PLANTACIONES DE GMELINA ARBOREA DE 15 AÑOS DE EDAD EN DIFERENTES CONDICIONES DE PENDIENTE
Authors: Espinoza-Durán Juliana , Moya Roger
Published: September 2013

El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue determinar los rendimientos en aprovechamiento e industrialización de dos plantaciones de Gmelina arborea de 15 años de edad sin manejo, en dos grados de pendientes: 30 y 60 %. Los árboles presentaban un diámetro promedio a la altura del pecho (DAP) de 31.23 cm y una altura total de 14.87 m. Se obtuvieron en promedio tres trozas por árbol. Del volumen total en pie, únicamente el 22 % es aprovechable como producto final para la venta en mercado. El desperdicio en la plantación fue de 42.57 %; al trocear el árbol se desperdicia el 14.43 %; al producir el semi-bloque en el aserrío primario se desperdicia el 26.27 % y al obtener las tablas comerciales se desperdicia el 22.10 %. El rendimiento de la troza fue de 53.22 % en madera aserrada en semi-semi-bloque y de 45.88 % en madera aserrada en tablas.
EVALUACIÓN DE LA SUSTENTABILIDAD DEL ACUÍFERO CUAUTITLÁN-PACHUCA MEDIANTE EL USO DE LA METODOLOGIA MESMIS
Authors: Neri-Ramírez Efraín , Rubiños-Panta J. Enrique , Palacios-Velez Oscar L. , Oropeza-Mota José L. , Flores-Magdaleno Héctor , Ocampo-Fletes Ignacio
Published: September 2013

El acuífero Cuautitlán-Pachuca ocupa la porción norte de la cuenca del Valle de México, justificando su nombre por la presencia de Cuautitlán en el Estado de México y Pachuca en el estado de Hidalgo. Dicho acuífero en la actualidad esta sobreexplotado. Por tal motivo en este trabajo se estimó la sustentabilidad del acuífero, utilizando el marco para la evaluación de sistemas de manejo de recursos naturales incorporando indicadores de sustentabilidad (MESMIS). Se realizó un estudio longitudinal comparando dos sistemas, el primero se analizó para el periodo 1970-1990 (sistema de referencia) y el segundo para el periodo 1991-2010 (sistema alternativo). Se analizaron 14 indicadores ambientales, económicos y sociales, para los dos periodos de tiempo. Encontrándose que los aspectos ambientales y económicos presentan los mayores rezagos con el paso de los años, en el caso de los indicadores sociales mostraron avances hacia la equidad. También se encontró que 9 de los indicadores presentaron mayor cercanía al valor óptimo propuesto en el sistema de referencia y solo cinco mostraron un acercamiento hacia el óptimo en el sistema alternativo. Los resultados muestran que el acuífero es menos sustentable en la actualidad.
ESTIMACIÓN DE LA RADIACIÓN NETA DIARIA A PARTIR DE MODELOS DE REGRESIÓN LINEAL MÚLTIPLE
Authors: Ocampo Dora , Rivas Raúl
Published: September 2013

El conocimiento a escala diaria de la radiación neta (Rn) permite cuantificar la energía que es utilizada en los diferentes procesos que ocurren a nivel de la superficie, como la evapotranspiración. En este estudio se aplica un Modelo de Regresión Lineal Múltiple (MRLM) para la estimación de la Rn en una zona subhúmeda-húmeda de Argentina. En el modelo se utilizaron datos meteorológicos de radiación solar global o total, temperatura, humedad relativa del aire, radiación neta (medida con un radiómetro neto Kipp & Zonen) y el valor del inverso de la distancia relativa tierra-sol o factor de excentricidad. Como resultado, se obtuvieron ocho ecuaciones de estimación de la Rn. Los MRLM se evaluaron a partir de los estadísticos desviación media del error (MBE) y raíz cuadrada del cuadrado medio del error (RMSE). Los resultados mostraron un buen ajuste y un bajo error a escala diaria, destacándose los modelos que involucraron la radiación solar, temperatura, humedad relativa del aire e inverso de la distancia tierra-sol, permitiendo cálculos de la Rn con errores inferiores a 19 W·m-2.
The diurnal evolution of the urban heat island of Paris: a model-based case study during Summer 2006
Authors: Wouters H. , De Ridder K. , Demuzere M. , Lauwaet D. , van Lipzig N. P. M.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. The urban heat island (UHI) over Paris during summer 2006 was simulated using the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) updated with a simple urban parametrization at a horizontal resolution of 1 km. Two integrations were performed, one with the urban land cover of Paris and another in which Paris was replaced by cropland. The focus is on a five-day clear-sky period, for which the UHI intensity reaches its maximum. The diurnal evolution of the UHI intensity was found to be adequately simulated for this five day period. The maximum difference at night in 2 m temperature between urban and rural areas stemming from the urban heating is reproduced with a relative error of less than 10%. The UHI has an ellipsoidal shape and stretches along the prevailing wind direction. The maximum UHI intensity of 6.1 K occurs at 23:00 UTC located 6 km downstream of the city centre and this largely remains during the whole night. An idealized one-column model study demonstrates that the nocturnal differential sensible heat flux, even though much smaller than its daytime value, is mainly responsible for the maximum UHI intensity. The reason for this nighttime maximum is that additional heat is only affecting a shallow layer of 150 m. An air uplift is explained by the synoptic east wind and a ramp upwind of the city centre, which leads to a considerable nocturnal adiabatic cooling over cropland. The idealized study demonstrates that the reduced vertical adiabatic cooling over the city compared to cropland induces an additional UHI build-up of 25%. The UHI and its vertical extent is affected by the boundary-layer stability, nocturnal low-level jet as well as radiative cooling. Therefore, improvements of representing these boundary-layer features in atmospheric models are important for UHI studies.
Possible effect of extreme solar energetic particle events of September–October 1989 on polar stratospheric aerosols: a case study
Authors: Mironova I. A. , Usoskin I. G.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. The main ionization source of the middle and low Earth's atmosphere is related to energetic particles coming from outer space. Usually it is ionization from cosmic rays that is always present in the atmosphere. But in a case of a very strong solar eruption, some solar energetic particles (SEPs) can reach middle/low atmosphere increasing the ionization rate up to some orders of magnitude at polar latitudes. We continue investigating such a special class of solar events and their possible applications for natural variations of the aerosol content. After the case study of the extreme SEP event of January 2005 and its possible effect upon polar stratospheric aerosols, here we analyze atmospheric applications of the sequence of several events that took place over autumn 1989. Using aerosol data obtained over polar regions from two satellites with space-borne optical instruments SAGE II and SAM II that were operating during September–October 1989, we found that an extreme major SEP event might have led to formation of new particles and/or growth of preexisting ultrafine particles in the polar stratospheric region. However, the effect of the additional ambient air ionization on the aerosol formation is minor, in comparison with temperature effect, and can take place only in the cold polar atmospheric conditions. The extra aerosol mass formed under the temperature effect allows attributing most of the changes to the "ion–aerosol clear sky mechanism".
Observations of gas- and aerosol-phase organic nitrates at BEACHON-RoMBAS 2011
Authors: Fry J. L. , Draper D. C. , Zarzana K. J. , Campuzano-Jost P. , Day D. A. , Jimenez J. L. , Brown S. S. , Cohen R. C. , Kaser L. , Hansel A. , Cappellin L. , Karl T. , Hodzic Roux A. , Turnipseed A. , Cantrell C. , Lefer B. L. , Grossberg N.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. At the Rocky Mountain Biogenic Aerosol Study (BEACHON-RoMBAS) field campaign in the Colorado front range, July–August 2011, measurements of gas- and aerosol-phase organic nitrates enabled a study of the role of NOx (NOx = NO + NO2) in oxidation of forest-emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and subsequent aerosol formation. Substantial formation of peroxy- and alkyl-nitrates is observed every morning, with an apparent 2.9% yield of alkyl nitrates from daytime RO2 + NO reactions. Aerosol-phase organic nitrates, however, peak in concentration during the night, with concentrations up to 140 ppt as measured by both optical spectroscopic and mass spectrometric instruments. The diurnal cycle in aerosol fraction of organic nitrates shows an equilibrium-like response to the diurnal temperature cycle, suggesting some reversible absorptive partitioning, but the full dynamic range cannot be reproduced by thermodynamic repartitioning alone. Nighttime aerosol organic nitrate is observed to be positively correlated with [NO2] × [O3] but not with [O3]. These observations support the role of nighttime NO3-initiated oxidation of monoterpenes as a significant source of nighttime aerosol. Nighttime production of organic nitrates is comparable in magnitude to daytime photochemical production at this site, which we postulate to be representative of the Colorado front range forests.
Re-analysis of ground-based microwave ClO measurements from Mauna Kea, 1992 to early 2012
Authors: Connor B. J. , Mooney T. , Nedoluha G. E. , Barrett J. W. , Parrish A. , Koda J. , Santee M. L. , Gomez R. M.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. We present a re-analysis of upper stratospheric ClO measurements from the ground-based millimeter-wave instrument from January 1992 to February 2012. These measurements are made as part of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) from Mauna Kea, Hawaii, (19.8° N, 204.5° E). Here, we use daytime and nighttime measurements together to form a day–night spectrum, from which the difference in the day and night profiles is retrieved. These results are then compared to the day–night difference profiles from the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) and Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instruments. We also compare them to our previous analyses of the same data, in which we retrieved the daytime ClO profile. The major focus will be on comparing the year-to-year and long-term changes in ClO derived by the two analysis methods, and comparing these results to the long-term changes reported by others. We conclude that the re-analyzed data set has less short-term variability and exhibits a more constant long-term trend that is more consistent with other observations. Data from 1995 to 2012 indicate a linear decline of mid-stratospheric ClO of 0.64 ± 0.15% yr−1 (2σ).
Annual cycle of Antarctic baseline aerosol: controlled by photooxidation-limited aerosol formation
Authors: Fiebig M. , Hirdman D. , Lunder C. R. , Ogren J. A. , Solberg S. , Stohl A.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. This article investigates the annual cycle observed in the Antarctic baseline aerosol scattering coefficient, total particle number concentration, and particle number size distribution (PNSD) as measured at Troll Atmospheric Observatory. Mie-theory shows that the annual cycles in microphysical and optical aerosol properties have a common cause. By comparison with observations at other Antarctic stations, it is shown that the annual cycle is not a local phenomenon, but common to Central Antarctic baseline air masses. Observations of ground-level ozone at Troll as well as backward plume calculations for the air masses arriving at Troll demonstrate that the baseline air masses originate from the free troposphere and lower stratosphere region, and descend over the Central Antarctic continent. The Antarctic summer PNSD is dominated by particles with diameters < 100 nm recently formed from the gas-phase despite the absence of external sources of condensible gases. The total particle volume in Antarctic baseline aerosol is linearly correlated with the integral insolation the aerosol received on its transport pathway, and the photooxidative production of particle volume is mostly limited by photooxidative capacity, not availability of aerosol precursor gases. The photooxidative particle volume formation rate in Central Antarctic baseline air is quantified to 207 ± 4 μm3/(MJ m). Further research is proposed to investigate the applicability of this number to other atmospheric reservoirs, and to use the observed annual cycle in Antarctic baseline aerosol properties as a benchmark for the representation of natural atmospheric aerosol processes in climate models.
An improved ocean model of aluminium: the effects of circulation, sediment resuspension and biological incorporation
Authors: van Hulten M. M. P. , Sterl A. , Middag R. , de Baar H. J. W. , Gehlen M. , Dutay J.-C. , Tagliabue A.
Published: September 2013

Abstract. The distribution of dissolved aluminium (Al) in the ocean is of interest because of its potential impact on diatom remineralisation and the use of surface ocean Al as a tracer for dust. Previously, the ocean Al concentration has been simulated reasonably well with only a dust source and scavenging as the removal process. In this study the simulation has been significantly improved by a more refined circulation and the addition of a sediment resuspension source. The latter confirms that the most significant sources of Al to the ocean are dust deposition and sediment resuspension. Simulations with biological incorporation have been performed as well. These show that this can be an important removal process. However, this study does not provide a definitive answer to the question what the relative amount of incorporation is compared to scavenging.