bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marketing de lugares e desenvolvimento sustentável em regiões de baixa densidade demográfica: um olhar para o sul do Brasil, sob a ótica de gestores públicos locais
Authors: Sparemberger Ariosto , Mueller Airton Adelar , Sparemberger Cristian
Published: January 2024

O presente estudo teve por objetivo compreender a percepção dos prefeitos a respeito dos elementos do marketing de lugares, com foco em estratégias de marketing de infraestrutura e das principais potencialidades e fragilidades das cidades. O método estatístico de distribuição de frequências relativas e a técnica de análise de conteúdo foram empregados para a análise e interpretação dos dados coletados. Os achados evidenciam que existe satisfação das prefeituras, principalmente sobre a saúde pública e a educação pública. As insatisfações estão relacionadas, basicamente, ao serviço de transporte aéreo, parques tecnológicos e científicos e ciclovias. As atividades do agronegócio, industriais e turísticas são as principais potencialidades da região. A redução da população e infraestrutura logística estão entre as principais fragilidades, segundo avaliação das prefeituras da região.
A importância do planejamento familiar para sucessão
Authors: Schmidt Ricardo , De Souza Luiz Gustavo Antonio , Carrer Celso de Costa
Published: January 2024

A sucessão familiar é muito importante no estudo de gestão das propriedades rurais, visto que, em algum momento da trajetória da propriedade, a família terá que realizar o processo sucessório. Porém muitas famílias não tem um planejamento de como proceder na transição da gestão da propriedade a um sucessor. O objetivo do estudo foi mapear as características de 15 propriedades rurais da cidade de Capinzal, SC, onde buscou-se identificar o perfil dos gestores atuais, o perfil dos sucessores, os fatores que influenciam e as dificuldades dos filhos em permanecer na propriedade e como estás famílias estão realizando o seu processo de sucessão. Com relação a metodologia, utilizou-se os métodos de abordagem quantitativo. Foi realizado a pesquisa de campo com coleta dos dados através de entrevistas, questionário e pesquisa bibliográfica. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se a planilha eletrônica e análise das respostas coletadas. Os resultados do estudo demonstraram que é fundamental aos gestores das propriedades rurais possuir orientação e conhecimento a respeito da sucessão familiar, a falta ou despreparo de um processo sucessório pode levar a ruptura do negócio familiar, para que isto não aconteça o processo de sucessão precisa estar pautado nas conversas de pais e filhos, planejar com antecedência e envolver a futura geração permitirá a continuidade e sucesso do negócio. Destaca-se que 53% das famílias possuem sucessores mapeados, 80% abordaram o tema, incentivam seus filhos a permanecerem morando na propriedade, se desenvolvendo, participando das decisões e projetos da propriedade.
Educação ambiental e práticas pedagógicas sustentáveis no ensino formal: desafios e perspectivas dos docentes de Moçambique
Authors: Amorim Aiala Vieira , Cavalcante Antônia Francieuda Pinheiro , Lima Maria Vandia Guedes , Paiva Francisca Pereira , Da Silva Éverton Deângeles Lopes , Pimentel Nayane Vieira de Sousa , Pafo Fáusia da Verónica Eduardo , Torres Maria Gorete Ribeiro
Published: January 2024

A educação ambiental é um processo contínuo e permanente de formação de uma população que busca soluções para os problemas ambientais existentes e outros que venham a surgir. Objetivou-se na pesquisa realizar um levantamento bibliográfico acerca das técnicas e práticas pedagógicas utilizadas nas escolas de Moçambique que visem a melhoria do ambiente e desenvolvimento sustentável desse país. É importante o uso de instrumentos socioculturais educacionais que englobem saberes específicos para serem utilizados na formação do indivíduo. A importância da conscientização sobre sustentabilidade por meio de práticas educativas que possibilitem uma ação transformadora da sociedade com relação às questões ambientais e os efeitos da interferência humana no território moçambicano. Para tanto, utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica, com localização, levantamento, leitura e fichamento de referências que discorrem sobre a forma de conscientização das questões ambientais e os efeitos da interferência humana.
Effect of Socio-economic Factors on Level of use of Improved Maize Varieties in Bungoma County, Kenya
Authors: Makokha S. N.  , Emongor R.  , Wanjira J. K.  , Nzuve F.  , Taracha C. O.  , Gitonga E. T.
Published: January 2024

Maize is Kenya’s primary staple food, where 75% of producers are smallholder farmers. Maize consumption exceeds production with imports bridging the gap. Improved maize varieties have been adopted by smallholder farmers but the deficit gap still exists. The study’s objective was to determine factors influencing the adoption intensity of improved maize varieties in Bungoma County. Primary data was collected from 500 smallholder farmers using a structured questionnaire. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 27 software and a fractional logit model applied. Factors influencing adoption intensity of improved maize varieties were personal characteristics of the farmer (age, and household size), institutional factors (extension service) and varietal factors (early maturity, pest and disease resistance, drought resistance). Age, household size and extension services reduced the intensity of adoption, while varietal factors increased the intensity of adoption of improved maize varieties. The recommendations from the study is that even if the extension agents discouraged increased acreage under maize, they need to address and manage risk aversion among the old farmers through providing information and support groups. Counties should nurture a strong research-inkage with researchers to demonstrate demonstrate technology benefits.
Comprehensive Analysis of Kisan Call Centre in Tiruchirappalli District of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Ramasamy D. Periyar , Geetha K. , Radhakrishnan V. , Iniya V.
Published: January 2024

The farmer may come across a number of information sources but they pursue only few of them depending upon the availability and the ease of use. Countering the importance and facts in view the present study was undertaken in Trichy district. 90 farmers from Manachanallur block were selected using simple random sampling method. Majority of the respondents were middle aged and illiterate, most of them were marginal farmers with farming as sole occupation, had an annual income up to one lakh rupees. Majority of the respondents had moderate to strongly favorable attitude towards the use of Kisan Call Center and had medium knowledge about Kisan Call Center. Major constraints as perceived by respondents were, KCC is not providing the information regarding the seed, pesticide etc. of private agencies followed by SMS send by KCC not display in some of the mobile handsets there is no feedback facility in KCC. The suggestion that KCC agent should use conferencing system to solve the critical queries followed by the use of technical words should be replaced by local language by Call Center Agent.
Exploring the Constrained Faced by Farmer in Use of ICT Mediated Extension Services in Arghakhanchi District of Nepal
Authors: Poudel Parmita , Ghadei Kalyan
Published: January 2024

A study was conducted to find out the profile characteristics of the respondents and constraints faced by farmers in usages of ICTs mediated extension services by the farmers of Arghakhanchi district of Nepal in 2020.  A total of 180 farmers were randomly selected for the study from 6 wards of 2 municipality of the district. Data was collected by structured interview schedule and used different statistical analysis tools for interpreting the data such as Frequency, Percentage, Arithmetic Mean, Standard Deviation and Rank order. The constraints perceived by farmers were divided on 4 sections i.e., Infrastructural constraints, financial constraints, Content related constraints, and Personal constraints. Majority of respondent possessed the lack of network connectivity is first problem among infrastructural constraints, high cost of internet facilities in village on financial constraints, Similarly Complexity of message content on content related constraints and lack of specialized training on ICT on Personal constraints.
On Hyperbolic Generalized Woodall Numbers
Authors: Eren Orhan , Soykan Yuksel
Published: January 2024

In this study, we introduce the generalized hyperbolic Woodall numbers. As special cases, we study with hyperbolic Woodall, hyperbolic modified Woodall, hyperbolic Cullen numbers and hyperbolic modified Cullen numbers. We present Binet’s formulas, generating functions and the summation formulas for these numbers. Besides, we give Catalan’s and Cassini’s identities and present matrices related to these sequences.
Analyzing the Presence and Dispersion of Hydrocarbons at Mechanic Workshop Dumpsites, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Lucky WJ  , Osuji LC  , Hart AI
Published: January 2024

The study aimed to analyze the presence and dispersion of hydrocarbons in dumpsites at mechanic workshops in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from within 15-25 cm soil depth from three mechanic workshops in Port Harcourt, situated at Elekahia, Rumeme and Eleme Local Governments. The total petroleum (TPH) and Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentrations in the soil samples were determined using standard methods. Total TPH concentration in mechanic workshop dumpsites ranged from 9508.18 ppm to 10342.41 ppm, while in the control the concentration was 424.41 ppm. Total PAH concentration in mechanic workshop dumpsites ranged from 312.45 ppm to 1654.08 ppm, while in the control the concentration was 157.89 ppm. All the dumpsites had high levels of PAHs, which was several folds more than in the control. Results revealed that soil at mechanic workshop dumpsites was highly contaminated with hydrocarbons, exceeding the allowable limit 50 mg/kg by the Department oof Petroleum Resources (DPR). Remediation of the soil is recommended, as well as proper management of waste, where relocation of the dumpsite is not possible.
Effectiveness of Project-oriented Problem-based Learning (POPBL) in Manufacturing Product Design for Vocational Higher Education
Authors: Mudriadi Windi , Yahya Muhammad , Supriadi
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the Problem-Oriented Project-Based Learning (POPBL) model in teaching manufacturing product design in vocational higher education at Makassar ATI Polytechnic. The research involved 15 students for a limited trial and 35 students for an extended trial. The study used questionnaires, pre-test and post-test cognitive tests, and parametric statistical tests to evaluate the effectiveness of the POPBL model. The results showed that the POPBL model was effective, with an average very agree response of 80% in the limited trial and 92% in the extended trial. The average posttest scores were 64.80 and 78.97 in the limited and extended trials, respectively, which were significantly higher than the pretest scores. The parametric statistical test using the t-test also showed that the POPBL model was effective in both the limited and extended trials. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the POPBL model is an effective approach to teaching manufacturing product design in vocational higher education.
Cross-Layer Energy Efficient (CLEE) Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
Authors: Aabaah Iven , Agbedemnab Peter Awonnatemi , Salifu Abdul-Mumin Salenwiah
Published: January 2024

Ad-hoc routing algorithms in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) rely on nodes’ position awareness by regularly updating routing data of neighbouring nodes. Meanwhile, the transmission energy usage is not optimised as a result of this repeated updates and routing table deployment. Therefore, it is very critical to consider techniques of optimising or conserving energy in the design of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in order to prolong the lifetime of the individual nodes. One of these techniques is the Cross-layer design which, is considered as an efficient method for addressing this challenge with WSNs. In this paper, we propose a Cross-Layer Energy Efficient (CLEE) routing algorithm to establish an optimal route from the source node to the destination node by selecting candidate nodes from neighbouring nodes based on the distance between these nodes and the rate of energy consumption by a possible candidate node. Then to select a designated node from the candidate nodes, the algorithm further computes the Signal Strength Quality (SQS) and the Link Lifetime (LL) as well as the Throughput (TH) rate of selected nodes. The proposed algorithm was simulated with a network size of 600 X 600 on Network Simulator 3 (NS3) in order to analyse its performance. An evaluation of the performance of the proposed CLEE protocol with existing similar protocols such as Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) reveals that CLEE outperformes AODV and DSR by conserving about 44% of available energy.
Politics of Godfatherism and Democratic Governance in Nigeria: The Rivers State Case
Authors: Nwambuko Temple C.  , Nwobi Uchechukwu Anthony , Funmilayo Omiunu
Published: January 2024

The study examined the politics of godfatherism and democratic governance in Nigeria with preference to Rivers State political crisis. The objectives of the study were to identify the environmental factors infuencing the politics of godfatherism in Rivers State; to examine the impact the politics of godfatherism has on democratic governance in Rivers State; and to find out strategies to abate politics of godfatherism in Rivers State. The study adopted the elite theory, applied a descriptive survey research design, used both primary and secondary sources of data and a structured questionnaire as the instrument for data collection was employed. The population of the study is 5,198,716 residents in Rivers State (National Population Commission of Nigeria, 2006). The sample population is 400 (derived via the application of Taro Yamani sample size determination formula). The data collected via questionnaire were analyzed using table and percentages, while the hypotheses were tested using the chi-square. The findings of the study revealed that there are environmental factors inciting politics of godfatherism in Rivers State; that politics of godfatherism has adversely impacted on democratic governance in Rivers State; and that there are strategic measures to abate politics of godfatherism in Rivers State.  Based on the findings, the study recommended the prevention of undue influence from political godfathers, enforcement of campaign finance regulations, promotion of a level playing field for all candidates before and during elections in Nigeria among others.
Predictive Modeling and Analysis of Thermal Failure in Plastic and Composite Gears Using VDI Method Approach
Authors: Agbetossou Y. N. , Wotodzo K. F. , Koffi D. , Nyametso L. , Kassegne K. A. , Tiem S.
Published: January 2024

A method for predicting surface thermal failure of gears made of plastic materials and their natural fiber composites is developed with the “Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI)” “Association of German Engineers” method, and a simulation is made for these gears.

The simulation is carried out for Duracon acetal gears and composite material of high density polyethylene (HDPE) with 40% birch wood fiber (HDPE40B) gears. The simulation is carried out with the same meshing characteristics that were used to carry out the tests on the gear test bench in real simulated operation to study the thermo-tribo-mechanical behavior of HDPE40B gears.

From the predefined operating temperature, the torque-speed (C-ω) limiting curve is established using the computer program for predicting operating temperatures. Then the heat map is established using the same temperature calculation program by determining the equilibrium temperatures in the tooth and instantaneous temperatures on the profile according to the normalized positions S/pn. The induced surface contact stresses are then determined according to the normalized positions S/pn with the VDI method and are compared with the limit allowable stress.

The results show that more severe operating conditions give comparatively lower induced stresses, but they are nevertheless the ones that will fail first at surface thermal failure compared to less severe operating conditions. In other words, the results show that the more severe the operating conditions, the shorter the operating cycles become before surface thermal failure occurs.

The results also show that the surface thermal failure behaviors for plastics and composites gears are similar and the higher the melting temperature of the material, the butter it can stand surface thermal failure in more severe working conditions.
Revolutionizing Fruit Agriculture of Cutting Edge Farming Technologies to Growing Food Demands Globally
Authors: Homeshvari  , Hrahsel Lalremsiami , Kanaka S. , Zeeshan Md , Khan Inayat M. , Shakeel Asma , Malathi G. , Saikanth K
Published: January 2024

Exploration of the transformation of fruit agriculture in response to increasing global food demands and environmental challenges. It highlights the integration of cutting-edge technologies like precision agriculture, automated harvesting systems, genetic engineering, drones, vertical farming, and blockchain in revolutionizing fruit farming. These innovations aim to enhance yield, sustainability, and resilience against climate change while addressing constraints such as limited arable land, water scarcity, and labor shortages. However, challenges like high technology costs, the need for skilled labor, and concerns over the long-term impacts of genetically modified fruits are discussed and emphasizes the need for policy support, research and development investment, and collaboration among tech companies, agricultural experts, and governments to make these technologies accessible and sustainable. The ultimate goal is to balance innovation with sustainability, ensuring a future where nutritious and environmentally sustainable food is available to all. In the face of escalating global food demands and the challenges posed by climate change, the agricultural sector, specifically fruit cultivation, is undergoing a significant transformation. This paper explores the revolutionary impact of cutting-edge farming technologies on fruit agriculture to meet the growing food requirements worldwide. We delve into the latest advancements in agricultural technology, including precision agriculture, drone technology, genetic modification, and sustainable farming practices, and assess their contributions to enhancing productivity, sustainability, and resilience in fruit farming. Precision agriculture, characterized by the use of sensors, GPS, and big data analytics, enables farmers to optimize conditions for each plant, dramatically increasing yield and reducing resource waste. Drone technology, on the other hand, offers efficient solutions for crop monitoring, spraying, and even pollination. The role of genetic modification in developing fruit varieties that are more resistant to pests, diseases, and extreme weather conditions is also examined, highlighting its potential to significantly bolster global fruit production. Furthermore, we discuss sustainable practices like integrated pest management and organic farming, which not only protect environmental health but also cater to the growing consumer demand for organic produce. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of how these innovative technologies and practices can revolutionize fruit agriculture, making it more efficient, sustainable, and capable of satisfying the burgeoning global demand for food. Through this exploration, we aim to provide insights into the future direction of agricultural practices, emphasizing the need for technological integration in the path to achieving food security and environmental sustainability.
Morpho-Molecular Characterization and In vitro Management of the Pestalotiopsis palmarum (Cooke) Steyaert Causing the Grey Blight of Coconut
Authors: Yatish Kumar, M  , Somasekhara, Y. M.  , Ravichandra  , Mishra Mansi , Akkin Nidhi
Published: January 2024

The solitary species of the genus Cocos is the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.). The coconut palm is affectionately known as "Kalpa Vriksha," which translates to "the tree of heaven. The causal organism of grey blight was identified based on the morphological characteristics i.e., five-celled conidia had three middle cells that ranged in colour from light brown to dark brown further confirmed through PCR analysis as Pestalotiopsis palmarum. In cultural characteristics, maximum radial growth occurred in PDA, with V-8 juice agar showing the least growth (65.00 mm). The optimal pH for pathogen growth was 6 (338.11 mg). Fungicide evaluation revealed ziram as highly efficient among non-systemic fungicides, while carbendazim and thiophonate methyl were most effective among systemic ones. Trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% EC emerged as the most effective combi product, inhibiting pathogen growth by 88.02%. Among bio-agents, T. viride-2 displayed the highest mycelial inhibition (71.30%). Turmeric exhibited the highest botanical efficacy (48.03%), whereas lantana had the least impact (3.37%).
Large Inflammatory Tumor Due to Perforated Meckel′s Diverticulum Managed with Extensive Ileocoecal Resection
Authors: Janež Jurij
Published: January 2024

Meckel´s diverticulum is a remnant of the omphaloenteric duct and can cause different clinical symptoms, including Meckel´s diverticulitis and perforation. This case presented an unusual case of a Meckel´s diverticulitis with perforation and large inflammatory tumor involving the mesentery of the loops of the terminal ileum, that was also in close contact with the coecum. An extensive bowel resection was neccessary to resolve the situation.
Conceptual Modelling of the Dynamics of Soil Macroporosity Based on an in Situ and Direct Observation of Major Soil Structuring Agents During Early Stage of Pedogenesis
Authors: Jangorzo Nouhou Salifou , Leguedois Sophie , Watteau Françoise , Lafolie François , Schwartz Christophe
Published: January 2024

Many factors affect soil porosity but major of them are soil fauna, plant roots and the climate. Many studies attempted to investigate the effect of these factors on the evolution of soil porosity separately. The objective of this study is, based on an in situ experiment including three major porosity factors, propose a conceptual model of soil macroporosity evolution. In situ observation and quantification of the evolution of macroporosity under the influence of each agent separately and the three agents combined allow to propose a model for each case. Results show that the evolution of macroporosity due to plant roots is linear and reachs its maximum at the end of the plant cycle. Earthworms create and destruct macroporosity during the up and down movement for food searching. At long term, the consequence of earthworm action results to an increase of macroporosity. Wetting and drying cycle has the same effect as earthworm. At the beginning, when soil shrinks, it leads to a creation of macroporosity that could be disturbed by swelling during soil humectation. Some soil particles migrate in the shrink and reduce the surface of macroporosity. When faced to many wetting drying cycles, the surface of macropores increase during time. Mathematical algorithms and computing are necessary to formalize this model and long-term experiment is needed to validate it.
A Practice to Enhance Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Viable Microbial Count as Effected by Organic Nutrient Sources in Iris under Mid Hill Zone of Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Thakur Divesh , Sharma Puja , Beese Shreedhar , Kisku Neha Grace Angel , Jaryal Reva , Pangtu Shabnam , Shrama Nidhi , Guleria Aman
Published: January 2024

The current study was conducted at Experimental Farm of Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr. YS Parmar UHF, Nauni, Solan, H.P. during the year 2019-2020 to determine the ideal Jeevamrit dosage for enhancing the physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of soil for irisAt intervals of 15 days, sixteen applications of jeevamrit were applied as a foliar spray and drench. Three replications of the field experiment were set up using Randomized Block Design (RBD). The study showed that treatment T16, which involved both 7.5% Jeevamrit drenching and 15.0% Jeevamrit foliar application, had the most positive impact on soil quality. This treatment resulted in the highest organic carbon level (1.48), nitrogen content (362.59 kg/ha), phosphorus content (137.48 kg/ha), potassium content (267.85 kg/ha), and a high count of viable bacteria (75.63 ×106 cfu/g soil), viable fungi count (28.57 ×104 cfu/g soil), and viable actinomycetes count (45.90 ×103 cfu/g soil). Additionally, this treatment had the lowest pH and EC levels.
Management of Early Blight of Tomato (Alternaria solani) through Application of Plant Extracts and Fungicides
Authors: Choudhary Sunita , Sasode Rajani Singh , Yadav Pinki Devi , Meena Ranjana , Yadav Pooja
Published: January 2024

In the present work, plant extracts and fungicides were evaluated for an effective management of early blight of tomato caused by Alternaria solani under in vitro and in vivo condition and determine yield losses and cost benefit ratio. The present investigations revealed that Hexaconazole and Azoxystrobin were most effective it produced 100.0 per cent mycelia growth inhibition, whereas minimum mycelia growth was recorded in Difenoconazole (1.89 mm) and Trifloxystrobin + Tebuconazole (4.0 mm). Calotropis gigantea extract @ 20 per cent was found best as it produced 77.0 per cent mycelia growth inhibition of Alternaria solani followed by Azadirachta indica (74.26%).The effect of foliar spray of Calotropis gigantea @ 20.0 per cent was found the best for managing early blight of tomato in field condition as minimum disease intensity (39.83%) and highest yield (15.25 t/ha) was recorded with highest benefit cost ratio (1.62). The minimum disease intensity (15.43%), highest yield (22.40 t/ha) and highest benefit cost ratio (2.75) was recorded in Hexaconazole @ 0.1 per cent followed by Azoxystrobin @ 0.1 per cent.
Polygenic Variations and Character Association Study of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) Genotypes for Yield and Quality Attributes
Authors: Shree Sangeeta , Sai Swati , Solankey S. S. , Rani Kumari Sweta , Verma R. B.
Published: January 2024

An experiment was conducted in the Vegetable Farm of Bihar Agricultural University in Rabi Season with the objective to study the genetic variability and character association for yield and quality attributes in thirty tomato genotypes. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The results indicated significant differences amongst the genotypes for all the characters studied. Yield per plant showed the highest coefficient of variations (56.41 %, 58.93%) at both genotypic and phenotypic level. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was also noted for average fruit weight (48.33%, 48.98%) and number of fruits/plant (35.14%, 33.55%). Traits like average fruit weight (97.4%, 41.85), number of fruits per plant (91.2%, 25.90), and plant height (95.8%, 69.38) exhibited high heritability coupled with high genetic advance. Genetic advance as percentage of mean ranged from 11.81-111.22% for different characters. The highest genetic advance as percentage of mean (111.2%) was recorded for yield per plant. Fruit yield per plant expressed highly significant and positive genotypic and phenotypic correlations with average fruit weight (0.697, 0.694), equatorial diameter (0.637, 0.596) and polar diameter (0.488, 0.454). The genotypes, Hisar Lalit, Pusa Ruby, Arka Alok, Pant T-7 and Pusa Rohini which have been found to be promising with respect to fruit weight and yield per plant may further be exploited to create new genetic variations by random mutation, somaclonal variation and modern molecular techniques for studying disease resistance, post-harvest and processing qualities.
Effect of Inorganic Fertilizer, Farmyard Manure and Biofertilizer on Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil and System Yield of Maize – Wheat Rotation in Mollisol
Authors: Susmita  , Singh Veer , Srivastava Ajaya , Pachauri S. P. , Bhatt Lalit
Published: January 2024

A field experiment was conducted during the Kharif and Rabi seasons of 2020-21 and 2021-22 at the Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G.B.P.U.A & T., Pantnagar. Randomized block design was followed with 11 treatments and 3 replications. The main objective was to assess the influence of fertilizer and farmyard manure application, with or without Azotobacter and zinc, on crop yield and soil properties in a maize-wheat crop rotation. The data demonstrated that application of 100% RDF + FYM 5 t ha-1, resulted in a significantly higher system yield of 12,137 kg ha-1. Intercropping of cowpea with maize along with the application of FYM 10 t ha-1 showed the lowest bulk density in both surface (1.38 Mg m-3) and sub-surface (1.49 Mg m-3) soil and also it led to a reduction in the soil pH and EC. Additionally, hydraulic conductivity was higher in organic treatments, specifically in T6. However, the application of 100% RDF + FYM 5 t ha-1 resulted in the maximum retention of organic carbon (1.06% and 0.71%) as well as higher content of available nitrogen (185.11 and 175.95 kg ha-1), phosphorus (36.17 and 31.65 kg ha-1) and potassium (147.90 and 120.68kg ha-1) in surface and subsurface soil, respectively. The study suggests that the application of 100% RDF + FYM 5 t ha-1 contributes to improved soil fertility and sustainable crop yields.
A Comparison of the Performance of Saltwater Electrolytic Cell Battery with Zinc-Copper and Aluminum-copper Electrodes
Authors: Cañete Larry Angelo R.
Published: January 2024

Electrical energy is used to drive a non-spontaneous redox reaction in an electrolytic cell battery, which is composed of an electrochemical cell. The process of breaking down chemical compounds through electrolysis is frequently utilized, and it is derived from the Greek word lysis, which means to disintegrate. The electrolytic cell is composed of an electrolyte, two electrodes (one cathode and one anode), and three other components. Water or other solvents are typically used to make an electrolyte, which is a solution that contains dissolved ions. The purpose of this study is to test, analyze, and construct an electrolytic cell battery using various electrolytic solutions, salt-water concentrations, and the integration of fuel cells and electrodes. The research is designed to be experimental and relies on descriptive analysis to assess it. The design focused on the finding the optimal combination of electrode limited to zinc, copper, and aluminum (soda can), different electrolyte, type of connection of the fuel cells and the different concentration of saline solution used in order to provide optimum energy output. According to the data gathered and analyzed, the Zinc-Copper electrode produces an average voltage of 0.705 V per cell. Saltwater electrolyte produces the most effective results based on its cost effectiveness. When saline solution is 30% concentrated, the optimal voltage output is achieved, and fuel cells perform their best when connected in series. Using this parameter, twenty fuel cells are constructed that can produce 14.10 V without any load. The voltage was 7.57 V and the current was 1.1 A when connected to a DC lighting load that has a 12V power supply.
Computational Nonlinear Dynamics: Analysis and Assessment in Optimal Control of COVID-19 in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Joshua Enobong E. , Akpan Ekemini T. , Inyang Udoinyang G.
Published: January 2024

World Health Organization(WHO) instigates a continuous alertness and preparation to contain re emergence of other variants of corona viruses. In the same vein, public welfare managements in allocating health related resources require predictive decision making, made possible through the assessment of existing health challenges. Therefore it is imperative to carryout an efficiency analysis to prioritize and determine an optimal control strategy that curtailed the transmission of COVID19 in Akwa Ibom state. In this paper, a deterministic epidemic model has been formulated using principles of Mathematical modelling of infectious diseases. This is a nonlinear system of differential equations coupled with three (3) time-varying control functionals. The control functionals are exible educational programmes, vaccination and treatment of COVID-19. The usual fuzzy-like characterization of infection severity (0 \(\le\) R0, Rc \(\le\) 1) and ( R0 , Rc > 1) were achieved using the Next Generation Matrix Operator. An optimality system was derived using Pontryagin's Maximum principle, with some propositions on controllability criteria. Some forward-backward numerical solutions was executed in maple16 using validated datasets published by the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control(NCDC), peculiar to Akwa Ibom State. The efficiency analysis predicted that Strategy I (a combination of educational intervention programmes and vaccinations of the exposed and susceptible individual) as the most efficacious and optimal control strategy. Comparatively, Strategy I with 96% efficiency on reducing the infected sub-population is more effective than Strategy IV (a combination of the three control states) with efficiency index of 91%. A continuous vaccination and educational awareness programme has been recommended for community health practitioners, and compliance to these policies by the citizens can eradicate the dreaded pandemic with minimal intervention cost in the state.
Visual and Anatomical Outcomes of Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Dropped Nucleus
Authors: Khaqan Hussain Ahmad , Hassan Laraib , Haider Muhammad Ali , Rehman Hafiz Ateeq ur , Zia Muhammad Usman , Fauzan Ahmad , Khan Asad Mahmood , Arsalan Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate the visual and anatomical outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients with dropped nucleus following complicated phacoemulsification (PE).

Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the Ophthalmology Department of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore between 2017 and 2022. The study included 51 patients (33 males and 18 females) between the age 35 to 85 years who were referred after a complicated phacoemulsification with dropped nucleus.

Results: This study included 51 patients in which 33 were males (64.71%) and 18 were females (35.29%). All patients underwent 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy. Posterior chamber phacofragmentation was carried out in 32 (62.75%) eyes while in remaining 19 (37.25%) patients vitrectomy cutter was used for the dropped nucleus. Out of 51, 06 (11.76%) patients received an anterior chamber IOL at the time of cataract surgery, 21 (41.18%) eyes had IOL in the ciliary sulcus, 07 (13.73%) had a posterior chamber IOL, and the remaining 17 (33.33%) patients were aphakic. Of these 17 aphakic patients, an anterior chamber IOL was placed at the time of vitrectomy in 07 (41.18%) patients who were judged to have inadequate capsular support for a posterior chamber lens. In the remaining 10 (58.82%) eyes, where capsular support was deemed adequate, a posterior chamber IOL was inserted. Final visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 34 (66.67%) eyes and 20/50 in 06 (11.76%) patients.

Conclusion: Poor visual outcome after dropped nucleus at phacoemulsification cataract extraction can be avoided if managed by prompt pars plana vitrectomy as it offers the advantages of a closed system for vitrectomy and manipulation of the nucleus, an improved view of the posterior segment and facilitated recognition and management of intraoperative complications with better visual and anatomical outcomes with low rate of postoperative complications.
Exploration of Genetic Diversity and Variability in Winged Bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) in the New Alluvial Zone of West Bengal
Authors: Thapa Umesh , Hansda Narendra Nath , Karak Subhadeep , Dukpa Pinkey , Kundu Sourav , Rahaman Abujafar Oliyar
Published: January 2024

The winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) is a multipurpose, underexploited leguminous crop of the tropics that is rich in proteins and minerals. The present study, entitled “Exploration of Genetic Diversity and Variability in Winged Bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) in the new alluvial zone of West Bengal’’ was conducted to assess the degree of variability, variation, genetic advance, for multiple quantitative traits in order to establish selection criteria for achieving high pod yield per plant in the winged bean. A total of 14 genotypes were included in the experimental material. The individuals were reared in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications throughout the kharif seasons of 2020–21 and 2021–2022. The trait with the highest GCV and PCV was the number of pods per plant, with values of 23.33 and 23.65, respectively. This was followed by the green pod yield per plant in kg, with GCV and PCV values of 22.78% and 22.91%, respectively. A high heritability estimate was recorded for the character of green pod yield per plant (98.8%), followed by total sugar (95.1%), protein content g/100 g (pod) (94.1%). Seed yield per plant (93.9%), vine length (cm) (93.6%), duration of the crop (days) (93.1%), shelling percentage (89.9%). A high genetic advance was observed. Vine length (81.40), followed by other characters like seed yield per plant (62.45), number of pods per plant (21.37), duration of the crops (14.65), shelling percentage (8.5), and days to first harvest (8.3) for quantitative parameters and protein content g/100g (pod) (4.61), followed by other characters like protein content g/100g (seed) (3.16), ascorbic acid (1.52), and total sugar (0.82%) for qualitative parameters.
Financial Modeling Based on Book Store Management
Authors: N. Baggyalakshmi , Sri S. Monika , R. Revathi
Published: January 2024

The old billing software’s used in supermarkets, will have a lot of manual work and they don’t have the capacity to produce reports needed. The Billing software designed can generate a lot number of reports needed and there is no need of manual work. This billing software is a web application, it can store a lot of records in the database and the bar code scanner are also available. It’s a user-friendly software which can be used for both wholesale and Retail. It has an unlimited storage and application can be used in both online and offline. Reports for billing can be generated by data wise or price wise.
D Craft System
Authors: N. Baggyalakshmi , U. Bharani , R. Revathi
Published: January 2024

The Web Development Internship is a comprehensive program designed to equip aspiring developers with the skills and practical experience required to build dynamic and user-centric websites. Throughout this internship, participants will delve into the exciting world of web development, gaining hands-on experience with modern technologies and frameworks while contributing to real-world projects. Understand the fundamentals of web development, including HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Explore the role of front-end and back-end development in creating a complete web application.
Robotic Process Automation for Commercial Proposal Preparation and Approval Process
Authors: N. Baggyalakshmi , S. Jenitha , R. Revathi
Published: January 2024

OFSAC series machine is dependable, small, and easy to service, which means less time spent on it. When the presence of even a trace amount of oil vapour is intolerable at any point in the production process, oil-free air must be used. When the presence of even a trace amount of oil vapour is intolerable at any point in the production process, oil-free air must be used. If the client wants to know about a particular model detail, they can give their response in MS Form and then the flow is created. The correct flow response will be excluded in the Excel. When making product offers to clients and potential clients based on predetermined terms and circumstances, sales quote processing comes in handy. Existing customers, prospects, and potential buyers are given the opportunity to assess the costs of the items or services offered by the company through sales quotations. You can incorporate the products from an opportunity into your quote right from the start. Your company's sales staff may use SAP Cloud for Customer from any internet-connected desktop, laptop, or tablet to generate and manage quotes in real time. We can easily generate new quotes, duplicate current ones, or edit the ones we already have. Everything in the company database, including products and services, can be added or updated by the user. Together with your sales staff or other coworkers, the solution can establish approval workflows prior to presenting estimates to clients or potential clients. To improve the sales quotation process, the client administrator can set elements that impact quotes, such as party processing, document kinds, integration, and follow-up documents. Improving service and making it easy for customers to see the cost of air-cooled and water-cooled compressors are the major objectives. The customer can make use of the OFSAC template That generated in MS Excel.
Digital Retail Management
Authors: N. Baggyalakshmi , P. Kavya , R. Revathi
Published: January 2024

The store is a component of a bigger brand service chain that takes orders and delivers the things consumers want in person. The online store's manager cares deeply about both the smooth operation of the business and the happiness of its customers. Keeping the firm running, compiling records, and knowing the revenue from online purchasing is the most difficult portion of business making. The convenience of being able to keep track of purchases and take orders over the phone is, hence, the central focus of this research. Customers are given significant prominence in this report through the provision of discounts that are derived from their purchasing history. Consequently, the customer's value to the organisation grows in direct proportion to their level of engagement. This program's limited features, such as product reports, allowed it to partially manage product orders placed on a wide scale online, and it performed admirably across a variety of products. Customers can experience easy product ordering from any location if brand shopping offers an online portal.
Web Based Emergency Cadet Crops
Authors: N. Baggyalakshmi , S. Kiruthika , R. Revathi
Published: January 2024

One of the primary goals of this application is to streamline the process of applying for Cadet Corps services through computerization so that the NCC can better provide citizen services. The Emergency Cadet Corps is an autonomous organisation that handles application management and disseminates NCC service information via messaging. An application for different services will be made available by the proposed system, and its progress will be monitored. The Emergency Cadet Corps system is set up to work like this: the public can apply for the services of the Cadet Corps online, and the government can acquire information about the services and programmers through web or android apps. The application will be overseen by the administrative team and staff, who will either approve it or devise a plan. In addition to introducing new types of services, the Cadet Corps will also provide information on existing ones, as well as plans and applications for each service, all of which are monitored and updated by the Cadet Corps staff.
Renewal of Tidal Forests in Washington State after a Subduction Earthquake in A.D. 1700
Authors: Benson Boyd E. , Atwater Brian F. , Yamaguchi David K. , Amidon Lorin J. , Brown Sarah L. , Lewis Roger C.
Published: April 2003

With few exceptions, today's tidal trees near Washington's Pacific coast postdate an earthquake that lowered the region by 1 m or more. The earthquake, which occurred in A.D. 1700, is the most recent to have ruptured much of the plate boundary at this central part of the Cascadia subduction zone. Because of the coseismic subsidence, lowland forests became tidal flats where thousands of trees died. Most of the trees killed were Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis). In the centuries since the earthquake, tidal deposits have built new land that has been colonized by new Sitka spruce. All but several tens of the region's tidal spruce consequently postdate 1700, as shown by counts of annual rings in 121 of the largest spruce in tidal forests at Copalis River, Grays Harbor, and Willapa Bay. Forests began to return to each of these estuaries in the early 1700s and spread seaward in the late 1700s and 1800s. Annual rings in the oldest of the trees thus record a large fraction of the earthquake-recurrence interval that began with the 1700 earthquake.
Tropical Rain Forest and Climate Dynamics of the Atlantic Lowland, Southern Brazil, during the Late Quaternary
Authors: Behling Hermann , Negrelle Raquel R. B.
Published: April 2003

Palynological analysis of a core from the Atlantic rain forest region in Brazil provides unprecedented insight into late Quaternary vegetational and climate dynamics within this southern tropical lowland. The 576-cm-long sediment core is from a former beach-ridge “valley,” located 3 km inland from the Atlantic Ocean. Radio-carbon dates suggest that sediment deposition began prior to 35,000 14C yr B.P. Between ca. 37,500 and ca. 27,500 14C yr B.P. and during the last glacial maximum (LGM; ca. 27,500 to ca. 14,500 14C yr B.P.), the coastal rain forest was replaced by grassland and patches of cold-adapted forest. Tropical trees, such as Alchornea, Moraceae/Urticaceae, and Arecaceae, were almost completely absent during the LGM. Furthermore, their distributions were shifted at least 750 km further north, suggesting a cooling between 3°C and 7°C and a strengthening of Antarctic cold fronts during full-glacial times. A depauperate tropical rain forest developed as part of a successional sequence after ca. 12,300 14C yr B.P. There is no evidence that Araucaria trees occurred in the Atlantic lowland during glacial times. The rain forest was disturbed by marine incursions during the early Holocene period until ca. 6100 14C yr B.P., as indicated by the presence of microforaminifera. A closed Atlantic rain forest then developed at the study site.
Extension of DNA triple helix formation to a neighbouring (AT)n site
Authors: Chandler Simon P. , Fox Keith R.
Published: April 2003

We have used DNase I footprinting to examine the formation of intermolecular triple helices at a fragment containing the target sequence A11(AT)6 · (AT)6T11, using oligonucleotides designed to form parallel T · AT and G · TA triplets. We find that, although (TG)6 does not form a complex with (AT)6 · (AT)6, T11(TG)6 forms a stable structure producing a clear footprint which includes the (AT)6 portion of the target site. This complex is not formed in the presence of magnesium, but can be stabilised by either manganese or a triplex‐binding ligand.
Changes in protein methylation associated with the elicitation response in cell cultures of alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.)
Authors: Daniell Timothy , Edwards Robert
Published: April 2003

The methylation of endogenous proteins increased in alfalfa cell suspension cultures following treatment with a fungal elicitor. Carboxyl methylation, a post‐translational modification associated with controlling the localisation and longevity of proteins, was the dominant form of protein methylation in both elicited and unelicited cells. Protein methylation was restricted to a limited number of peptides prior to elicitor treatment but as elicitation progressed the number of endogenous substrates increased. Increases resulted from a combination of an elicitor‐dependent increase in the activity of a protein carboxyl methyltransferase and the accumulation of preferred endogenous substrates in the latter stages of elicitation.