bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial Vantage Points in Norwegian Sign Language
Authors: Ferrara Lindsay , Ringsø Torill
Published: February 2020

Previous studies on perspective in spatial signed language descriptions suggest a basic dichotomy between either a route or a survey perspective, which entails either the signer being conceptualized as a mobile agent within a life-sized scene or the signer in a fixed position as an external observer of a scaled-down scene. We challenge this dichotomy by investigating the particular couplings of vantage point position and mobility engaged during various types of spatial language produced across eight naturalistic conversations in Norwegian Sign Language. Spatial language was annotated for the purpose of the segment, the size of the environment described, the signs produced, and the location and mobility of vantage points. Analysis revealed that survey and route perspectives, as characterized in the literature, do not adequately account for the range of vantage point combinations observed in conversations (e.g., external, but mobile, vantage points). There is also some preliminary evidence that the purpose of the spatial language and the size of the environments described may also play a role in how signers engage vantage points. Finally, the study underscores the importance of investigating spatial language within naturalistic conversational contexts.
Surface Contamination by Antineoplastic Drugs in Two Oncology Inpatient Units
Authors: Palamini Marie , Hilliquin Delphine , Delisle Jean-François , Chouinard Audrey , Bussières Jean-François
Published: February 2020

Background

Hazardous drugs pose risks to health care workers. To reduce the risk of occupational exposure for all workers, several protective and monitoring measures have been recommended and implemented over the past two decades. This study was undertaken to describe traces contamination with ten antineoplastic drugs in the oncology care unit of two university hospitals.

Methods

In this descriptive interrupted time series study, data was collected in two hospitals (a pediatric hospital and an adult hospital) in two consecutive years (12 December 2017 and 27 March 2018, defined as Period 1; 17 April 2019 and 12 June 2019, defined as Period 2). In both Period 1 and Period 2, 36 sites were sampled in each inpatient care unit to explore the contamination of surfaces with hazardous drugs.

Results

A total of 144 samples from the oncology care unit of the two hospitals were obtained for measurement. Overall, 40 % (58/144) of the sampling sites were positive for at least one hazardous drug. In the pediatric centre, 50 % (18/36) and 36 % (13/36) of the sites sampled in Period 1 and Period 2, respectively, were positive for at least one hazardous drug, whereas in the adult hospital, the percentage of sites that were positive for at least one hazardous drug was 19 % (7/36) in Period 1 and 56 % (20/36) in Period 2.

Conclusion

The surfaces of inpatient care units sampled in this study were contaminated with antineoplastic drugs, and contamination was present throughout the care units (including structures, furniture, medical equipment, and office equipment). Hospitals’ environmental surveillance programs should encompass inpatient care units.
A novel ionic liquid-impregnated chitosan application for separation and purification of fission 99Mo from alkaline solution
Authors: Monir Tarek , Shahr El-Din Ahmed , El-Nadi Yasser , Ali Amal
Published: February 2020

In this investigation, a novel application of Aliquat 336 (tricaprylmethylammonium chloride)-impregnated chitosan (AICS) for the separation and purification of 99Mo from some fission products, such as 137Cs, 85Sr and 131I, in alkaline solution is presented. Before impregnation, pristine chitosan experienced no adsorption affinity for Mo. However, this situation dramatically changed after the impregnation. The structure of AICS was elucidated by FTIR, SEM and EDX spectra. The influence of contact time, solution pH, weight of AICS, initial Mo concentration and temperature on the adsorption process was studied. Kinetic studies revealed that the rate of adsorption was impressively very fast and only 3 min were sufficient to reach equilibrium. The pH influence showed that Mo could be effectively adsorbed over a wide range of pH 3–11. The equilibrium data fitting to isotherms models followed the order Langmuir > Freundlich > Dubinin-Radushkevich. Based on the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity was computed at 60.1 mg/L. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic in nature. Finally, a pure solution of 99Mo with a purity >99 % was obtained from a real sample. The data obtained confirmed that AICS is a promising candidate for separation and purification of 99Mo from alkaline media.
Die Online-Wahl zur Vertreterversammlung einer Genossenschaft
Authors: Bode Bernd
Published: February 2020

Tausende von Mitgliedern wählen eine Vertreterversammlung - da liegt die Wahldurchführung auf elektronischem Wege im Sinne eines Online-Votings nahe, um Effizienzpotentiale zu nutzen und moderne Mitwirkungsrechte anzubieten. Zugleich zeigen jedoch aktuelle Gerichtsentscheidungen, dass im Einzelfall die Judikatur erhebliche Skepsis gegenüber elektronischen Wahlverfahren hat und daher rechtliche Grenzen bestehen können. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob vor diesem Hintergrund internetbasierte Wahlverfahren überhaupt denkbar sind und welche Rahmenbedingungen bei der Ausgestaltung von Online-Wahlen im Bereich der Genossenschaften ggf. zu beachten sind.
Special Measures for Quality and Challenged Providers: Study Protocol for Evaluating the Impact of Improvement Interventions in NHS Trusts
Authors: Fulop Naomi , Barbosa Estela Capelas , Hill Melissa , Ledger Jean , Sherlaw-Johnson Christopher , Spencer Jonathan , Vindrola-Padros Cecilia , Morris Steve
Published: February 2020

Background: Healthcare organisations in England rated as inadequate in terms of leadership and one other domain enter the Special Measures for Quality (SMQ) regime to receive increased support and oversight. There is also a ‘watch list’ of challenged National Health Service (NHS) providers at risk of going into SMQ that receive support. There is limited knowledge about whether the interventions used to deliver this support drive improvements in quality, their costs, and whether they strike the right balance between support and scrutiny. The study will seek to determine how provider organisations respond to these interventions, and whether and how these interventions impact organisations’ capacity to achieve and sustain quality improvements over time. Methods: This is a multi-site, mixed methods study. We will carry out interviews at national level to understand the programme theory underpinning the interventions. We will conduct 8 NHS case studies to explore the impact and implementation of the interventions that form part of the SMQ and challenged providers programme. We will use a conceptual framework based on models of organisational readiness for change and draw on board maturity research for implementing quality improvement. We will also review the use of quantitative metrics and data for tracking the progress of improvements in quality of care and sustainability upon leaving SMQ, as well as the costs and benefits of the interventions through a cost-consequence analysis (CCA). Discussion: High-quality interventions that successfully support struggling healthcare organisations are essential and an issue that is an international concern. Our study will allow a greater understanding of the programme theory, impact, and staff views and experiences of the SMQ and challenged providers regime. Formative feedback will be reported to key stakeholders
Achievements of the Cochrane Iran Associate Centre: Lessons Learned
Authors: Mesgarpour Bita , Aghababa Sara , Baradaran Hamid Reza , Kabiri Payam , Kabir Ali , SofiMahmudi Ahmad , Haghdoost Ali Akbar
Published: February 2020

Healthcare decision-making is a process that mainly depends on evidence and involves increasing numbers of stakeholders, including the consumers. Cochrane evidence responds to this challenge by identifying, appraising, integrating and synthesizing high-quality evidence. Recently, a collaborative effort has been initiated in Iran with Cochrane to establish a representative local entity. A variety of multifaceted interventions were conducted according to Cochrane’s strategy to 2020, such as producing evidence, making Cochrane evidence accessible, advocating for evidence and building an effective and sustainable organization. In this report, the authors present the two and half year performance and achievements of Cochrane Iran based on a comprehensive and systematic approach. This case might be an example of health diplomacy, which is initiated by a successful international collaboration and proceed with recognizing the importance of adherence to the strategic action plans and goals.
"Sell an Ox" - The Price of Cure for Hepatitis C in Two Countries
Authors: Paltiel Ora , Hailu Workagegnehu , Abay Zenahebezu , Clarfield Avram Mark , McKee Martin
Published: February 2020

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, associated with severe liver disease and cancer, affects 70 million people worldwide. New treatments with direct-acting-antivirals offer cure for about 95% of affected individuals; however, treatment costs may be prohibitive in both the poorest and richest nations. Opting for cure may require sacrificing essential household assets. We highlight the financial dilemmas involved, drawing parallels between Ethiopia and the United States, countries where universal health coverage does not yet exist. The World Health Organization (WHO) declaration for HCV eradication by 2030 will only become reality if universal access to efficacious and affordable treatment is guaranteed for everyone.
Understanding the Role of Values in Health Policy Decision-Making From the Perspective of Policy-Makers and Stakeholders: A Multiple-Case Embedded Study in Chile and Colombia
Authors: Vélez Marcela , Wilson Michael G. , Abelson Julia , Lavis John N. , Paraje Guillermo
Published: February 2020

Background: Chile and Colombia are examples of Latin American countries with health systems shaped by similar values. Recently, both countries have crafted policies to regulate the participation of private for-profit insurance companies in their health systems, but through very different mechanisms. This study asks: what values are important in the decision-making processes that crafted these policies? And how and why are they used? Methods: An embedded multiple-case study design was carried out for 2 specific decisions in each country: (1) in Chile, the development of the Universal Plan of Explicit Entitlements -AUGE/GES - and mandating universal coverage of treatments for high-cost diseases; and (2) in Colombia, the declaration of health as a fundamental right and a mechanism to explicitly exclude technologies that cannot be publicly funded. We interviewed key informants involved in one or more of the decisions and/or in the policy analysis and development process that contributed to the eventual decision. The data analysis involved a constant comparative approach and thematic analysis for each case study. Results: From the 40 individuals who were invited, 28 key informants participated. A tension between 2 important values was identified for each decision (eg, solidarity vs. individualism for the AUGE/GES plan in Chile; human dignity vs. sustainability for the declaration of the right to health in Colombia). Policy-makers used values in the decisionmaking process to frame problems in meaningful ways, to guide policy development, as a pragmatic instrument to make decisions, and as a way to legitimize decisions. In Chile, values such as individualism and free choice were incorporated in decision-making because attaining private health insurance was seen as an indicator of improved personal economic status. In Colombia, human dignity was incorporated as the core value because the Constitutional Court asserted its importance in its use of judicial activism as a check on the power of the executive and legislative branches. Conclusion: There is an opportunity to open further exploration of the role of values in different health decisions, political sectors besides health, and even other jurisdictions.
Gaming New Zealand’s Emergency Department Target: How and Why Did It Vary Over Time and Between Organisations?
Authors: Tenbensel Tim , Jones Peter , Chalmers Linda Maree , Ameratunga Shanthi , Carswell Peter
Published: February 2020

Background: Gaming is a potentially dysfunctional consequence of performance measurement and management systems in the health sector and more generally. In 2009, the New Zealand government initiated a Shorter Stays in Emergency Department (SSED) target in which 95% of patients would be admitted, discharged or transferred from an emergency department (ED) within 6 hours. The implementation of similar targets in England led to well-documented practices of gaming. Our research into ED target implementation sought to answer how and why gaming varies over time and between organisations. Methods: We developed a mixed-methods approach. Four organisation case study sites were selected. ED lengths of stay (ED LOS) were collected over a 6-year period (2007-2012) from all sites and indicators of target gaming were developed. Two rounds of surveys with managers and clinicians were conducted. Interviews (n=68) were conducted with clinicians and managers in EDs and the wider hospital in two phases across all sites. The interview data was used to develop explanations of the patterns of variation across time and across sites detected in the ED LOS data. Results: Our research established that gaming behaviour – in the form of ‘clock-stopping’ and decanting patients to short-stay units (SSUs) or observation beds to avoid target breaches – was common across all 4 case study sites. The opportunity to game was due to the absence of independent verification of ED LOS data. Gaming increased significantly over time (2009-2012) as the means to game became more available, usually through the addition or expansion of short-stay facilities attached to EDs. Gaming varied between sites, but those with the highest levels of gaming differed substantially in terms of organisational dynamics and motives. In each case, however, high levels of gaming could be attributed to the strategies of senior management more than to the individual motivations of frontline staff. Conclusion: Gaming of New Zealand’s ED target increased after the real benefits (in terms of process improvement) of the target were achieved. Gaming of ED targets could be minimised by eliminating opportunities to game through independent verification, or by monitoring and limiting the means and motivations to game.
Global Problem of Hospital Detention Practices
Authors: Handayani Krisna , Sijbranda Tyas C. , Westenberg Maurits A. , Rossell Nuria , Sitaresmi Mei N. , Kaspers Gertjan JL , Mostert Saskia
Published: February 2020

Although an official definition by the World Health Organization (WHO) or any other authority is currently lacking, hospital detention practices (HDP) can be described as: "refusing release of either living patients after medical discharge is clinically indicated or refusing release of bodies of deceased patients if families are unable to pay their hospital bills." Reports of HDP are very scarce and lack consistent terminology. Consequently, the problem’s scale is unknown. This study aimed to find evidence of HDP worldwide, explore characteristics of HDP reports, and compare countries with or without reports. PubMed and Google were examined for relevant English, Spanish, and French publications up to January 2019. Of 195 countries, HDP reports were found in 46 countries (24%) in Africa, Asia, South-America, Europe, and North-America. Most reports were published by journalists in newspapers. In most countries reports concern living adults and children who are imprisoned in public hospitals. A majority (52%) of reports were of individuals detained for at least a month. Almost all countries, with or without HDP reports, have signed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Countries with reported HDP have larger population size (P<.001), worse Corruption Perception Index score (P=.025), higher out-of-pocket expenditure (P=.024), lower Universal Health Coverage Index score (P=.015), and worse Press Freedom Index score (P=.012). We conclude that HDP are more widespread than currently acknowledged. Urgent intervention by stakeholders is required to stop HDP.
NCOBPS and APSA
Authors: Smith Rogers M.
Published: February 2020

Political science began in the late nineteenth century as an explicitly racist discipline. Although this changed in the twentieth century, mainstream scholars then neglected racial politics and issues in America for too long. NCOBPS originated in 1969 as part of efforts of scholars of color to address these deficiencies. Throughout its history, it has done so. NCOBPS has fostered more insightful scholarship on a wide range of topics, including their racial dimensions. It has helped to develop leadership skills that have benefited the discipline as a whole. And it has nurtured an activist-scholar ethos that has helped the discipline do a better job of listening to, and benefiting, the populations it studies. The NCOBPS-APSA partnership has grown much stronger over the last half-century; it will need to be cultivated further if the discipline is to confront constructively the intellectual and political challenges it faces in the twenty-first century.
Having Their Say, Leaving Their Mark
Authors: Belk Adolphus G. , Smith Robert C. , Wallace Sherri L.
Published: February 2020

In general, the founders of the National Conference of Black Political Scientists were “movement people.” Powerful agents of socialization such as the uprisings of the 1960s molded them into scholars with tremendous resolve to tackle systemic inequalities in the political science discipline. In forming NCOBPS as an independent organization, many sought to develop a Black perspective in political science to push the boundaries of knowledge and to use that scholarship to ameliorate the adverse conditions confronting Black people in the United States and around the globe. This paper utilizes historical documents, speeches, interviews, and other scholarly works to detail the lasting contributions of the founders and Black political scientists to the discipline, paying particular attention to their scholarship, teaching, mentoring, and civic engagement. It finds that while political science is much improved as a result of their efforts, there is still work to do if their goals are to be achieved.
Temperature fluctuation improves oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) dura × pisifera seed germination
Authors: Norsazwan M.G. , Sinniah U.R. , Puteh A.B. , Namasivayam P. , Mohaimi M. , Aminuddin I.A.
Published: February 2020

Oil palm is mainly propagated using dura × pisifera (D × P) hybrid seeds. Among the issues in D × P seed production are relatively poor seed germination and uniformity, despite heat treatment at 40°C to break dormancy. The conditions for germination
post-heat-treatment may be a contributing factor. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of constant 30°C or ambient temperature fluctuation at two different locations, Sime Darby Oil Palm Breeding Seed Processing Renggam, Johor and the Seed Production Unit (SPU) Banting,
Selangor on oil palm D × P seed germination. At both locations, final mean germination percentage and speed were higher at fluctuating temperatures compared with constant 30°C. Under fluctuating conditions, the Oil Palm Breeding Seed Processing Renggam environment resulted in higher
germination (85.8%) compared with SPU Banting (69.8%). Thus, the higher temperature amplitude (difference between daily maximum and minimum temperatures) was an important factor, resulting in higher germination. Therefore, oil palm can be germinated under ambient temperature conditions to
obtain higher germination than under constant temperature, avoiding the need for maintaining expensive constant temperature germination rooms. In addition, a sufficiently high temperature amplitude can be beneficial in improving the ability to germinate and the speed of germination.
Comparing Problem-based Learning and Experiential Learning on Civil Servant Training Program
Authors: Sediyani Linda , Budisantoso Heri Triluqman
Published: February 2020

Problem-based learning and experiential learning are well-known learning approaches and often referred as powerful on facilitating learning practices, but which one is the most effective on facilitating civil servant training program? This article illustrates a one-shot case study in which focus on one civil servant training program only without comparing it to other programs. The training program was conducted by human resource development agency, Central Java Province, in March 2018. By employing quantitative research approach, this research found that the result of the training program indicated: there are no significant differences between problem-based learning and experiential learning approaches. In this case, the learning result from experiential learning approach is slightly above problem-based learning approach’s result.

Abstrak

Pembelajaran berbasis masalah dan berbasis pengalaman merupakan pendekatan pembelajaran yang sudah banyak dikenal dan sering disebut mampu memfasilitasi praktik pembelajaran secara optimal, namun mana di antaranya keduanya yang paling efektif dalam memfasilitasi program pelatihan PNS? Artikel ini menggambarkan one-shot case study yang fokus hanya pada satu program pelatihan PNS tanpa membandingkannya dengan program lain. Program pelatihan ini dilakukan oleh Badan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (BPSDM), Provinsi Jawa Tengah, pada Maret 2018. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dapat dilihat bahwa hasil program pelatihan menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pembelajaran berbasis masalah dan pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman. Dalam hal ini, hasil pembelajaran dari pendekatan berbasis pengalaman sedikit di atas hasil pembelajaran yang menggunakan pendekatan pembelajaran berbasis masalah.
A nova gobernanza económica na UE: avances e carencias
Authors: Moltó Calvo Miguel
Published: February 2020

A crise financeira, económica e máis tarde de débeda soberana afectou de modo es-pecial á Unión Económica e Monetaria (UEM). Para salvagardar o euro e facerlle fronte á crise os Estados membros pertencentes á UEM seguiron un dobre enfoque: primeiro, levar a cabo un proceso de consolidación fiscal, isto é, de austeridade; e segundo, mellorar a gobernanza eco-nómica da UE. Con respecto á austeridade, os países realizaron fortes axustes reducindo gasto público e en moitos casos aumentando impostos. Esta política tivo un efecto positivo sobre a disciplina orzamentaria, e un efecto moi negativo sobre o crecemento e o emprego, que pode traducirse nunha nova recesión no ano 2012. En relación coa gobernanza económica, repásase a que existía antes da crise, poñendo de manifesto os fallos na súa implementación. Posterior-mente, examínase o novo marco de gobernanza económica, que supón a supervisión europea en tres ámbitos: o orzamentario, o macroeconómico e o financeiro. Para levala a cabo estable-céronse novos instrumentos, algúns dos cales só afectan aos países da zona euro. Este traba-llo mostra as carencias dalgúns deles. A nova gobernanza económica supón un avance impor-tante, pero non resolve os problemas de fondo da UE e máis especificamente da zona euro. En efecto, non se avanza na unión fiscal, non se crea un mecanismo de rescate con dotación sufi-ciente para facerlles fronte aos problemas que poidan presentar países como Italia e España, non se avanza en converter o Banco Central Europeo en prestamista en última instancia, e tampouco non se creou un instrumento que permita a mutualización da débeda pública dos paí-ses da zona euro. A solución para a zona euro consistiría na cesión de soberanía por parte dos Estados membros a un ministerio de finanzas que, entre outras funcións, fose responsable do ámbito fiscal, da supervisión macroeconómica e orzamentaria dos distintos países e da emisión de eurobonos.
O modelo de financiamento da universidade galega 2011-2015: previsión de fondos e balance
Authors: Fernández López Sara , Vaquero García Alberto
Published: February 2020

En decembro de 2010 aprobouse o modelo de financiamento autonómico para as tres universidades galegas, que rexerá os orzamentos universitarios ata o ano 2015. Este novo sistema enmárcase nun momento de fortes restricións económicas, onde os recursos destinados ás universidades se reducen notablemente. Paralelamente, o novo modelo formula a necesidade de apostar de forma decidida polo financiamento por obxectivos. Este artigo pretende analizar en que medida os vellos problemas que presenta o financiamento do Sistema Universitario Galego (SUG) se poderán solucionar coas medidas que se pretenden aplicar a partir do novo modelo financeiro para as universidades galegas.
As denominacións de orixe na orientación competitiva dos procesos de innovación dos sistemas vitivinícolas locais
Authors: Macías Vence Alfredo , Vence Deza Xavier
Published: February 2020

Neste traballo analízase a dinámica de innovación nun sistema vitivinícola local, destacando o papel dos organismos reguladores das denominacións de orixe (DO), que velan pola protección da súa singularidade como un elemento máis do sistema local de innovación. A través do seu papel na innovación preténdese analizar en que medida a acción colectiva desenvolvida polas DO representa unha resposta adecuada ás esixencias competitivas formuladas aos sistemas produtivos locais polo proceso de globalización e pola revolución científico-tecnolóxica que atravesa o sector do viño. Desde esta perspectiva, preténdese indagar se a realización dunha Enquisa de Identificación de Necesidades Tecnolóxicas (EINT) pode supoñer un instrumento eficaz para a orientación estratéxica das relacións de cooperación entre os actores locais que fortaleza as capacidades competitivas das DO. O núcleo central da análise empírica baséase nunha enquisa realizada entre as bodegas da DO Rías Baixas (Galicia, España).
Estudo da ocupación no mercado de traballo en Galicia. Influencia do xénero
Authors: Sánchez Sellero María Carmen
Published: February 2020

Neste traballo estúdanse as características persoais que determinan a inserción e a participación no mercado de traballo en Galicia. Para iso constrúese o chamado modelo de ocupación, no que se estima a probabilidade de que unha persoa en idade de traballar forme parte da poboación activa como ocupado ou como parado. Unha vez estimados os parámetros do modelo mediante regresión loxística binaria, calcúlanse as probabilidades de estar ocupado ou de estar parado condicionadas a distintas características persoais, para avaliar a súa influencia real na distinta forma en que un individuo intervén no mercado de traballo. Da análise empírica obtense que a característica máis destacada é o sexo, e que a influencia das demais variables sobre as distintas probabilidades varía en función do sexo da persoa analizada.
O grao de urbanización en Galicia: diferenzas socioeconómicas entre as distintas zonas
Authors: Calvo Ocampo Esther , Iglesias Patiño Carlos , López Vizcaíno Esther , Santiago Pérez Isolina , Silveira Calviño Solmary , Villar Cheda Estefanía
Published: February 2020

O obxectivo deste traballo é demostrar que a clasificación simple do grao de urbanización publicada polo Instituto Galego de Estatística (IGE) explica ben as especificidades demográficas, socioeconómicas e sanitarias do territorio galego. Para isto calculáronse e analizáronse indicadores nas distintas zonas de urbanización co fin de ver o seu comportamento diferenciado, o que permitirá xustificar a necesidade e a validez xeral desta clasificación
Contraste empírico do modelo CAPM: aproximación a non linearidade para o mercado español de capitais
Authors: Lado Sestayo Rubén
Published: February 2020

O CAPM tivo un papel fundamental na explicación do proceso de formación de prezos. Non obstante, os seus resultados empíricos á hora de valorar activos non foron de todo satisfactorios debido, entre outras cuestións, á distinta resposta dos investidores ante as subidas e baixadas do mercado ou ante movementos extremos deste. Neste traballo analízase se o comportamento diferenciado dos investidores ten efectos na valoración de equilibrio dada polo modelo CAPM. Así, utilizando un modelo de regresión con limiares, os resultados obtidos para o mercado de capitais español demostran que o prezo dun activo é sensible ás subidas e baixadas do mercado, así como aos movementos extremos deste. Por outra parte, tamén se constata que esta sensibilidade non é estable ao longo do tempo, ao detectarse a presenza dun cambio estrutural no período no que se inicia a crise financeira global.
A recuperación da economía arxentina nos anos 2000
Authors: Schincariol Vitor Eduardo
Published: February 2020

Utilizando o método histórico-descritivo, este texto analiza o criterio das políticas económicas adoptadas por Arxentina, así como o comportamento da economía ao longo dos anos 2000, en especial entre os anos 2003 e 2011. Arguméntase que a política económica conseguiu incrementar o volume de emprego, aínda que se aliaron diversos elementos que explican o crecemento obtido, tales como a alta capacidade instalada previamente na industria, a desvalorización cambiaria e o aumento da demanda internacional por “commodities”. Conclúese que as políticas adoptadas tiveron éxito na recuperación do volume de emprego, aínda que a economía presenta debilidades que poden dificultar a obtención dunha traxectoria similar no futuro, en particular polo que se refire á dependencia do comercio exterior.
Integración e transmisión de prezos entre os mercados de millo e do polo de engorde en Brasil
Authors: Caldarelli Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2020

O obxectivo deste artigo é avaliar a dinámica de transmisión de prezos entre os mercados de millo e do polo de engorde en Brasil no período 2000-2010. Utilizáronse os tests de raíz unitaria de Dickey-Fuller Generalized Least Square (DF-GLS), de causalidade de Granger (1969), de cointegración de Johansen (1988), o modelo vectorial de corrección de erros (VEC) e tests de esoxeneidade débil. O estudo permite afirmar que existe interacción no longo prazo entre os mercados brasileiros de millo e polo (cointegración). A elasticidade da transmisión de prezos estimada mostra que un 40% das variacións no prezo do millo se transmiten ao prezo do polo vivo. O test de esoxeneidade indica que a transmisión de prezos entre estes mercados é unidireccional, onde o prezo do millo ao produtor pode considerarse debilmente exóxeno.
Estrutura produtiva, ciclo político e desigualdade: o caso de Uruguai, 2004-2011
Authors: Buendía García Luis , Sanabria Martín Antonio
Published: February 2020

O triunfo electoral do Frente Amplio (FA) uruguaio en outubro de 2004 representaba en aparencia unha ruptura con toda a política económica seguida ata aquela e que desembocou entre os anos 1999 e 2002 nunha grave crise económica. Neste artigo analízase o proceso iniciado coas reformas do FA, partindo da evolución da estrutura produtiva do país, dos cambios na distribución primaria da renda e, finalmente, da distribución secundaria e da pobreza. O traballo conclúe que, en termos de política social, a ruptura foi real e tivo lugar unha importante redución da desigualdade. Porén, e a pesar de recoñecer as limitacións derivadas dun período de análise aínda necesariamente pouco prolongado, os cambios na estrutura produtiva foron menores, o que pon en risco os logros anteriores ante conxunturas económicas menos propicias que as actuais.
Turismo LGTB. Unha aproximación ao caso de Galicia
Authors: Otero Paradela Ana Belén , Alén González María Elisa , Domínguez vila Trinidad
Published: February 2020

Este traballo aborda unha tipoloxía turística que está en auxe na actualidade: o turismo LGTB (lesbianas, gays, transexuais e bisexuais). Inicialmente, preténdese identificar os desexos, necesidades e expectativas concretas do mercado turístico homosexual, analizando os estudos existentes para, poste-riormente, analizar a situación de Galicia en relación coa oferta e demanda existente mediante unha análi-se cualitativa xunto a un estudo exploratorio de carácter cuantitativo que complementa o primeiro. Unha vez analizados eses aspectos, este traballo pretende determinar e expoñer as directrices básicas a seguir por parte dos diferentes axentes turísticos que queiran atraer o colectivo LGTB.
Os problemas do sistema bancario chipriota no seu contexto europeo
Authors: Martín de Vidales Carrasco Irene
Published: February 2020

O obxectivo prioritario deste artigo é ofrecer unha análise exhaustiva do impacto que tivo a grave crise financeira, que desde finais do ano 2008 fai estragos na economía real global, sobre o sis-tema bancario de Chipre. Para iso, e despois de estudar a súa estrutura institucional e as súas carac-terísticas máis relevantes, presentarase a situación actual e a evolución recente das súas principais magnitudes económico-financeiras, relativas ao número de entidades, volume de activos canaliza-dos, depósitos xestionados, créditos concedidos, rendibilidade, solvencia, eficiencia e, finalmente, di-versos indicadores de servizo bancario.
Estudo exploratorio sobre expectativas, gobernanza e rendemento nas redes de investigación de Galicia
Authors: Somorrostro López Patricia , Cabanelas Omil José , Cabanelas Lorenzo Pablo
Published: February 2020

As redes rexionais de investigación teñen un papel destacado na creación de coñecemento científico e na innovación, actividades clave na realidade económica moderna. Este artigo analiza as expectativas dos grupos de investigación e explora a incidencia da gobernanza no rendemento das redes de investigación mediante unha análise que inclúe datos de once redes públicas de investiga-ción, integradas por 83 grupos de investigación en Galicia. A investigación mostra que as redes satis-fán as expectativas dos grupos que nelas participan, especialmente en termos de resultados, e que existe unha serie de factores de gobernanza asociados positivamente ao rendemento. Entre as impli-cacións derivadas destes achados destacan a necesidade de impulsar lazos fortes entre os grupos de investigación na rede, a articulación de acordos de equidade e o establecemento de mecanismos de avaliación na rede. Aínda que tamén se identifican outros factores que inflúen de forma negativa no rendemento da rede, fundamentalmente a excesiva centralidade e a intermediación duns grupos de investigación sobre outros.
Rural Healthcare Infrastructural Disparities in India: a Critical Analysis of Availability and Accessibility
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Govt. PG College Bhadarwah, Jammu - 182222, TAQI MOHD , BIDHURI SWATI ,   Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Jamia Millia Islamia - 110025, SARKAR SUSMITA ,   Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Jamia Millia Islamia - 110025, AHMAD WANI SUHAIL ,   Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Jamia Millia Islamia - 110025, WANGCHOK PADMA ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Govt. Degree College Leh, Ladakh - 194101
Published: February 2020

Health and well being of human resource plays an important role in the economic as well as social development of the country. To ensure better health of the people an adequate healthcare infrastructure is of primary importance. Inadequate infrastructure generally leads to poor quality of health services which is positively dangerous to health and welfare of the community at large. About 68% of India’s population still lives in rural areas, yet healthcare infrastructures in these areas are in pathetic condition. There are very few government health centers and even those are devoid of most of the medical facilities and personnel’s. Although the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), launched in 2005 has made significant progress in the healthcare infrastructure (mainly in physical infrastructure) in rural areas and has impacted the lives of rural masses to some extent but it has simultaneously failed to bring desired results because of lack of implementation. So the accessibility and availability of health facilities as well as delivery of quality services in the rural areas deserve considerable attention from planners, researchers and healthcare workers. In this context, the present paper critically examines and evaluates the disparities in availability as well as accessibility of health infrastructure in rural areas of India.
Antibiofilm Potential of Metal Based Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Mode of Action
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DAV, College, Sec-10, Chandigarh-160010, India, Kaur R , Khurana M ,   Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DAV, College, Sec-10, Chandigarh-160010, India, Virk R K ,   Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DAV, College, Sec-10, Chandigarh-160010, India, Sharma A ,   Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DAV, College, Sec-10, Chandigarh-160010, India
Published: February 2020

Biofilm refers to a group of microbes colonizing together and often adhered to a surface. The adherence is attributed to secretion of polymeric substances comprising of extracellular DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides thereby limiting the access and inhibitory activity of existing antimicrobial agents. Biofilm are a major cause of acute infections and pose immense clinical threat especially in conditions employing the use of invasive devices thus being a major source of mortality and morbidity. Hence there is a dire need to develop alternative treatment against biofilm related infections. Advances in nanotechnology has opened new horizons. Nanoparticles derived from various metal present promising candidates to ameliorate biofilms owing to their antioxidant potential.
Fertility Preservation for Pediatric and Adolescent Patients With Cancer: Medical and Ethical Considerations
Authors: Klipstein Sigal , Fallat Mary E. , Savelli Stephanie ,   COMMITTEE ON BIOETHICS,   SECTION ON HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY,   SECTION ON SURGERY, Katz Aviva L. , Macauley Robert C. , Mercurio Mark R. , Moon Margaret R. , Okun Alexander L. , Weise Kathryn L. , Rogers Zora R. , Allen Carl , Harper James , Lipton Jeffrey , Wetmore Cynthia , Wilson Hope , Yates Amber , Rescorla Frederick J. , Brandt Mary L. , Caty Michael , Heiss Kurt , Holcomb George W. , Meyers Rebecca L. , Moss R. Lawrence
Published: February 2020

Many cancers presenting in children and adolescents are curable with surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiotherapy. Potential adverse consequences of treatment include sterility, infertility, or subfertility as a result of gonad removal, damage to germ cells as a result of adjuvant therapy, or damage to the pituitary and hypothalamus or uterus as a result of irradiation. In recent years, treatment of solid tumors and hematologic malignancies has been modified in an attempt to reduce damage to the gonadal axis. Simultaneously, advances in assisted reproductive technology have led to new possibilities for the prevention and treatment of infertility. This clinical report reviews the medical aspects and ethical considerations that arise when considering fertility preservation in pediatric and adolescent patients with cancer.
DOSE-DEPENDENT BIFURCATION ANALYSIS OF PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY AFTER NICARDIPINE TREATMENT
Authors: Yankov Kaloyan
Published: February 2020

Renin-angiotensin system is one of the general regulatory mechanisms of blood pressure. The activity of the system depends on the rate of renin secretion, therefore, plasma renin activity (PRA) is one of the main variables that mediates the effect of a number of factors on blood pressure. Consequently, the impact of a particular drug on blood pressure disorders can be evaluated by the PRA changes. In clinical practice, the administered therapeutic dose is of critical nature, and a number of methods are known for its calculation. In the present study, applying bifurcation analysis the range of the administered doses of the nicardipine (antihypertensive drug) are determined. The bifurcation diagrams show how the stability of the renin-angiotensin system depends on the administered dose.
FASHION DESIGN ON THE BASE OF AN INVESTIGATION OF MINOAN COSTUME AND ART
Authors: Kosinkova-Stoeva Angelina
Published: February 2020

The paper presents an investigation of forms, ornaments and colors in Minoan female costume and arts (Minoan, Mycenaean and Aegean artefacts) with a main purpose of their application in contemporary fashion design. The analysis of the studied artefacts shows that the basic silhouette and the shapes of element and pieces, ornaments and colors in Minoan, Mycenaean and Aegean female costume, presented in statuettes, frescoes and jewels, and the ornaments and colors of Minoan, Mycenaean and Aegean frescoes, ceramics, and jewellery can be applied in the design of modern ladies’ clothing, jewels and accessories. On the base of the results of the investigation designs of seven fashion ensembles of ladies’ dresses in combinations with suitable jewels and bags have been created.
SELECTION OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR THE USE OF ENROFLOXACIN IN CATS
Authors: Shivacheva Galya , Vasilev Miroslav
Published: February 2020

The process of changing the concentration of enrofloxacin in blood plasma in cats after single intravenous injection was identified by three mathematical models - algebraic and two models represented respectively by a first order differential equation and a second order differential equation. In order to select the best model of the three, the Akaike information criterion corrected is used. With the most identification parameters differs the model based on a second-order differential equation. The lowest value of the Akaike information criterion corrected was also obtained with it. This fact gives reason to choose it for the best model for describing the research process.
Metodologías activas en la formación crítica del magíster en enfermería
Authors: Calheiros Pereira Sobral Janaína Paula , Rodrigues Viana Maria Elizabete , Alves Lívio Thaís , Galdino dos Santos Alda , Souza Costa Bruna Gabrielle de , Alves Rozendo Célia
Published: February 2020

Introducción: El objetivo de este trabajo es narrar la experiencia en el uso de metodologías activas en la formación de docentes de enfermería. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo del tipo relato de experiencia, anclado en la pedagogía crítica de Paulo Freire, quien describe la experiencia de los docentes de un programa de postgrado stricto sensu en el uso de metodologías activas e innovadoras en el aula. Se utilizaron dos estrategias como ayuda en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, a saber: la dinámica y la parodia musical. Resultados: Con el uso de la dinámica de las margaritas y la parodia musical como base para discutir el contenido, el público objetivo percibió una mayor atención, así como una mayor participación en la construcción del conocimiento. Discusión: Basado en la ejecución de las actividades, la dinámica junto con la parodia podría considerarse efectiva como un proceso individual de construcción a través de diferentes formas de interacción con el entorno/contenido y motivar la conciencia crítica. Ambos despertaron la curiosidad e interés de los estudiantes, motivándolos y facilitando el proceso de aprendizaje. Tuvo lugar el desarrollo del sentido creativo y el estímulo de los procesos afectivos y cognitivos. Conclusiones: Se concluye que el uso de metodologías activas en programas de posgrado strictu sensu fomenta la participación, la discusión, la comprensión del contenido y el aprendizaje más complejos, y pueden emplearse, siempre que se tengan en cuenta el contenido, el espacio, la metodología, la audiencia y la disponibilidad de los recursos necesarios para implementar los planes.
Como citar este artigo: Sobral JPCP, Viana MER, Lívio TA, Santos AG, Costa BGS, Rozendo CA. Metodologias ativas na formação crítica de mestres em enfermagem. Rev Cuid. 2020; 11(1): e822. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.822
Treatment of Pb (II) and Cu (II) using Na-bentonite-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron
Authors: Yu Chuang , Xu Yang , Shao JiCheng , Cai XiaoQing , Yu XiaoNiu
Published: February 2020

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (Fe) modified by sodium (Na) bentonite (B-nZVI) was prepared to remove copper (II) (Cu2+) and lead (II) (Pb2+) from an aqueous solution. B-nZVI and sodium bentonite were characterised by X-ray diffraction, Lorentz transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). From the XPS spectra, lead (II) was detected on the surface of B-nZVI, indicating that lead (II) was removed by adsorption to B-nZVI. The copper (II) in the solution obtained electrons from B-nZVI and was reduced to copper (0). Sodium bentonite (B-nZVI) showed higher removal efficiencies for lead (II) than copper (II) under various conditions. As the concentration of copper (II) increased from 75 to 200 mg/l at a constant lead (II) concentration of 100 mg/l, the removal efficiency of lead (II) decreased considerably, from 81 to 49%. The removal efficiencies of copper (II) and lead (II) by B-nZVI were close to 100% at pH = 6. The temperature of best removal efficiency for copper (II) and lead (II) was 50°C when the adsorbent dose was 1 g/l, the pH was 5, the concentration of lead (II) was 200 mg/l, the concentration of copper (II) was 100 mg/l and the adsorption time was 4 h. In general, the synthesised B-nZVI exhibits great potential as an excellent material for use in the treatment of waste water that simultaneously contains copper (II) and lead (II).
Análise das condições ergonômicas e ambientais em postos de trabalho de motoristas de caminhões utilizados no meio rural e agroindustrial
Authors: Ody Lissara Polano , De Oliveira Alex Leal , Da Silva Lauren Morais
Published: February 2020

O transporte de cargas que move a economia do Brasil é conduzido com soberania através do sistema rodoviário, sobrelevando o motorista de caminhão a uma profissão de enorme importância para os diversos segmentos econômicos, em especial, para o agronegócio. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar as condições ergonômicas e ambientais dos postos de trabalho de motoristas de caminhão que atuam em atividades vinculadas ao agronegócio. O estudo de caso foi realizado na Fronteira Oeste com motoristas profissionais que executam tarefas no meio rural e agroindustrial. Para análise postural, executou-se filmagens e a geração de 240 fotos sequenciais como referencial do ciclo de atividade. Através do Software Ergolândia 6.0 as imagens foram analisadas pelo método RULA, que resultou na necessidade de intervenção na postura dos motoristas. Por meio do Questionário Bipolar foi observado que a atividade exercida pelos motoristas apresenta um quadro doloroso. Em relação as análises de ruído ocupacional e temperatura, nenhum parâmetro apresentou conforto aos indivíduos conforme a normalização da NR 17. Os valores de iluminação mostraram-se bastante deficientes devida à falta de uma norma específica para o interior da cabine de caminhões.