bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efectos de la corrupción sobre la criminalidad, el crecimiento económico y la pobreza: una evidencia para seis departamentos de colombia
Authors: Saiz Vélez Jorge Enrique , Mantilla Bautista Sergio Iván , Cárdenas Beltrán Jesús María
Published: November 2021

La corrupción afecta el crecimiento económico de los países, disminuye los recursos efectivos destinados a la inversión social, genera desconfianza de la ciudadanía hacia las instituciones del Estado. Sin embargo, la mayoría de las investigaciones sobre el tema han utilizado metodologías basadas en encuestas. El principal aporte de este trabajo es la construcción de un modelo estadístico en el cual la corrupción se mide a través de datos reales que se desprenden de los fallos de responsabilidad fiscal emitidos por la Contraloría General de la República. El período de estudio es de diez años (2000-2009) y abarca a los seis departamentos de Colombia que en este lapso de tiempo registraron los mayores casos de corrupción. Los resultados del modelo muestran una relación estadística importante entre la corrupción con los indicadores utilizados para cuantificar los niveles de pobreza, crecimiento económico y violencia. No obstante, los efectos sobre las variables seleccionadas no son estadísticamente significativos.
Universidades pioneras en la formación profesional de administradores de empresas en colombia
Authors: PÉREZ GÓMEZ CARLOS HERNÁN
Published: November 2021

La formación de administradores de empresas en Colombia fue liderada por universidades que comprendieron la necesidad de formar profesionales para la conducción de las empresas de los diversos sectores de la economía. La enseñanza partió de cursos para directivos y se llegó a consolidar hasta construir planes de estudio estructurados para una formación de carácter profesional; el proceso se materializó a mediados de la década de 1960. Estos planes de estudios fueron organizados por áreas del conocimiento en términos administrativos, para contribuir en la formación gerencial de las áreas funcionales de las empresas en los términos del autor Henri Fayol. Los orígenes de la carrera se encuentran estrechamente relacionados con la formación de abogados y economistas, para quienes fueron diseñados los primeros estudios de administración en Colombia.
¿sociedad del conocimiento o de la información como condicionante en la dirección?
Authors: ROZO CAÑÓN FREDY ENRIQUE , CARDONA MADARIAGA DIEGO FERNANDO
Published: November 2021

El acelerado desarrollo experimentado en los últimos años por las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC), ha generado procesos de transformación fundamentales en las relaciones humanas, la economía, la cultura, la política e incluso las costumbres. El efecto de estos cambios en una sociedad determinada depende de las condiciones particulares de su estructura y la evolución en el tiempo. En este artículo se analizan los conceptos que responden a dos tradiciones de pensamiento distintas: sociedad de la información y sociedad del conocimiento, y se abordan los rasgos centrales que actualmente las definen; analizando las transformaciones a que dieron origen y el modo en que se ha intentado unificar sus características bajo un único término.
Bienes sociales: ¿precios, primas o subsidios? tres formas ineficientes de proveerlos y/o valorarlos
Authors: Castro Jiménez Daniel
Published: November 2021

The concept of social ben efits has been frequently used in different academic circles. However, this is not a very clear concept when used as a reference in different disciplines. This document is an approximation to such concept and deepens in the related economical phenomenon, to provide and value it. In the light of different disciplines, Rawls´s ideas are taken as a reference to propose a generalization of the concept in an attempt to fill in the theoretical gap found in its own investigation.
Effect of Toxoplasma gondii on colon cancer growth in mouse model
Authors:   Medical student, Isfahan medical school, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, Zavareh Farideh , Hadiipour Mahboubeh ,   Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Isfahan medical school, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, Kalantari Reza ,   Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Isfahan medical school, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, Mousavi Somayeh
Published: November 2021

Despite all advances in cancer treatment methods, failure of treatment is a major concern. This failure can be caused by tumor environment made by tumor cells and prevents immune system to reach neoplastic cells. So, cancer immunotherapy and target therapy are in the focus of scientists. Due to the inverse relationship shown between parasites and cancer, parasites are a candidate for use in cancer immunotherapy. Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite invades many cells of vertebrae spices but make symptoms only in fetus and immuno-deficient person. Studies have shown T. gondii can stimulate immune system against neoplastic cells and break fort of tumor environment. In this experimental work, Colon cancer bearing mice randomly divided into three groups. Groups 1 and 2 were injected with either lysate or irradiated tachyzoite of T. gondii respectively. The third group were left intact as control group. Our resulted data showed that in irradiated tachyzoite or lysate treated groups there was a significant reduction in tumor growth in comparison with control group. However, the difference in survival time was not statistically significant. In conclusion, treatment with T. gondii antigens resulted in suppression of tumor growth.
A Comparative Study of Wordsworth’s “Daffodils” and Its’ Chinese Translation from the Perspective of Thematic Structure
Authors:   the School of Foreign Studies, Northw estern Polytechnical University, 1 Dongxiang Road, Chang'an District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710129, China, Zhu Siwei , Zhao Xueai
Published: November 2021

This study analyzed the thematic structures of Wordsworth’s “Daffodils” and its Chinese version by Fei Bai to compare the theme distributions and their markedness in the original and Chinese versions of the poem. Results showed that the number of simple themes in the translated version was significantly higher than in Wordsworth’s original version. Conversely, Wordsworth’s version had more marked themes than Fei Bai’s version. This study then explored potential reasons for the different thematic structures in the two versions. The percentage of simple themes in Fei Bai’s version was higher than that in the original version because Chinese does not have a clausal theme, so translators would more frequently use simple themes. Additionally, Wordsworth’s original version reflected a higher percentage of marked themes than Fei Bai’s Chinese version because native English writers prefer to use juxtaposed phrases and clauses. These results provide theoretical insights on employing the linguistic perspective to compare English poems and their Chinese translations.
Cultural Default and Its Translation Compensation Strategies from the Perspective of Relevance Theory — A Case Study of the Yao Naiqiang’ Version of the Scarlett Letter
Authors:   the Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, China, Li Yan
Published: November 2021

This paper takes the Chinese version of the Scarlett Letter by Yao Naiqiang, whose version has long been acclaimed as an authoritative translated text in China, as a case study to explore the translator’s strategy of compensating cultural default. By comparing the examples of cultural default element in the Scarlett Letter with Yao’s translation version, the paper analyzes what compensation strategies of Yao has employed and how does he manage to deal with the cultural default based on the relevance theory. This paper finds that the translator has mainly adopted such translation strategies as literal translation, contextual amplification, adaptation, as well as emission to compensate the cultural default in the Chinese version. This paper offers a good comprehension to the relevance theory and provides some effective compensation strategies for cultural default to gap the cultural misunderstandings and promote the cultural exchanges between countries.
John Locke’s Educational Theory on Gentlemen’s Language Learning
Authors:   the Hangzhou Normal University, China, Li Yueyue
Published: November 2021

Classical languages represented by Latin and Greek have always been an essential part of gentlemanly education. However, with the rapid development of the bourgeoisie and the rise of empirical science in the 17th and 18th centuries, social needs began to change, and traditional learning courses could not adapt to society's development. John Locke conceives that the focus of language learning should be shifted from classical languages to English. An English gentleman should learn his own mother tongue. Moreover, English learning is not only about grammar but also about propriety and civility. English is not only a tool to learn knowledge but also a symbol of one's social rank. Therefore, a gentleman should show his propriety in the conversation.
Reader Response to Feminism in Elizabeth Gilbert‘s Eat, Pray, Love
Authors:   the School of Humanity, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, Chin, Wu Shuangnan
Published: November 2021

This study is about reader response to feminism in Eat, Pray, Love: One Woman’s Search for Everything Across Italy, India and Indonesia by Elizabeth Gilbert (2006). The topic is analysed under the guidance of reader-response theory proposed by Louise Rosenblatt. The objectives of this study are twofold: first, to collect related readers’ response to feminism on the Goodreads website, one of the biggest and most famous book review websites worldwide; secondly, to discuss readers’ underpinning views towards feminism and their expectation for women in the 21st century. This paper seizes on qualitative research. The primary data of this study is gleaned from the Goodreads website. Other sources of data include literary works, book rating websites and news reports. The conclusion is that feminism is deemed as self-indulgence or a kind of self-discovery by different readers and such fact reflects, to some extent, what people expect for women in the 21st century.
Transformation of Diseased Women in Ding Ling’s Novels—Based on the Metaphor of Disease
Authors:   School of Literature, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China, Wu Yi
Published: November 2021

In Ding Ling’s novels, she repeatedly adopted the diseased woman as the protagonist in order to present her own thinking of gender and social issues. By establishing a chronological reading of three protagonists, this paper will not only discuss the transformation of the metaphoric usage, but also explore socio-historical implications and gender issues in depth. To better understand both the features of Ding Ling’s artistic innovation and the transition of her identity, and more importantly, to reconfiguring the position of gender issues, this paper adopts the method of analysis and have close reading of three short stories written by Ding Ling, which are Sophia’s Diary, Girl Amao and When I Was in Xia Village, and combines the fictional stories with historical facts. In conclusion, Ding Ling’s depiction of diseased women gradually developed from a private narrative and imitation of romantism into a realistic style, revealing the struggles of peasant women who were damaged by the society, which suggested Ding Ling’s deconstruction of May Fourth discourse and exploration of her leftist identity.
A Feminist Film Analysis of the Representation of Woman in Chinese Film Noir: Based on the Bold, the Corrupt, and the Beautiful
Authors:   University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, Xi Zixiang ,   Now she is with London School of Economics and Political Science under the Department of Anthropology, London, UK
Published: November 2021

The cinema industry has always presented female figures from a patriarchal perspective, propagandizing the men’s authority over women. The typical character “female fatale” with fatal sexual attraction in the genre film noir has already been the focus of many feminist scholars. The essay focuses on the issue of the representation of women in Chinese film noir through examining the female figures in The Bold, the Corrupt, and the Beautiful (2017) by close textual analysis. Three heroines, the mom Madame Tang, the daughters Tang Ning and Tang Zhen, as the embodiment of “female fatale” drive the film’s plot and articulate their agency of resisting the masculine power. However, the study will prove that the Chinese female fatale conventionally cannot escape from the fatal tragedy and pessimism in their unsolvable dilemma.
A Comparative Analysis of Metaphors Involving Chrysanthemums
Authors:   Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Wang Xueting
Published: November 2021

Metaphor plays a crucial role in poems and literature. Against the background of the poetess Li Qingzhao's frustrated life and unexpected emotional obstacles, and through the study of the images of chrysanthemum in a part of her poems, the essay analyzes Chrysanthemum from the perspective of Bixing and the cognitive perspective of the conceptual metaphor, which display the changes of the concepts of “chrysanthemum” in Li Qingzhao's poems and the influence of the “chrysanthemum” in her poems on “chrysanthemum” original image.
An Analysis of Interpersonal Meaning of Modal Verbs in Abstracts from Scientific Papers: Case Study of Progress in Aerospace Sciences
Authors:   Northwestern Polytechnical University, China, Xu Zhen , Zhang Yi
Published: November 2021

The aims of this study are to explore the distribution features of modal verbs in abstracts from scientific papers, analyze the reasons for those features and figure out the role modal verbs play in achieving interpersonal meaning. The study has selected 60 abstracts randomly from Progress in Aerospace Sciences from 2015 to 2019 as research samples. It combines Halliday’s value of modality with Biber et al.’s two classifications to process modal verbs. The instruments adopted in this research are AntConc 3.2.4, manual sorting and SPSS Statistics 21. Based on the results, the study finds that: firstly, the overall occurrence of modal verbs in 60 abstracts is 59 times, among which low-value modal verbs are the most frequently distributed (74.6%), median-value modal verbs the second (22.0%) and high-value modal verbs the least (3.4%); secondly, the achievement of interpersonal meaning relies on value of modality, and when the value of modality is lower, a better degree of interpersonal meaning can be achieved; thirdly, high-value modal verbs achieve tough interpersonal meaning, median-value modal verbs achieve comfortable interpersonal meaning, and low-value modal verbs achieve harmonious interpersonal meaning.
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in resistant asthmatics
Authors: Harikrishnan Gokulakrishnan , Vaiyakkani Govardhini , Sundaravadanam Sridhar
Published: November 2021

Background: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is an immune mediated lung disease caused due to hypersensitivity reaction of antigen Aspergillus fumigates. ABPA is more prevalent in patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis. Thus, the current investigation was done to estimate the prevalence and association of ABPA with resistant asthma, to identify the clinical and laboratory pointers of ABPA and to identify the effect of ABPA and its treatment on the course of resistant asthma.Methods: Current investigation was a prospective and non-blinded study conducted on patients of Rajiv Gandhi government general hospital, Chennai with bronchial asthma, having frequent exacerbation related problems. Demographic, clinical (hematological) and radiological investigations were performed for staging and treatment of all the enrolled patients. Follow up of patients was done periodically to investigate re-admission of respiratory events or other illnesses. All the collected data was statistically analyzed.Results: Prevalence of ABPA in treatment resistant bronchial asthma patients was 19%. Positive family history, history of atopy and recurrent exacerbations were identified as significant risk factors among ABPA patients. Whereas duration and severity of asthma had no significant association with ABPA patients, bronchiectasis and parenchymal damage were significantly observed in patients of ABPA. Skin prick test serum eosinophils and IgE antibody levels were observed as good screening test parameters to identify ABPA. Prednisolone and itraconazole are considered as highly reliable and effective treatment strategies in ABPA.Conclusions: Current investigation revealed that ABPA must be considered as a possible prevailing disease in treatment refractory cases of asthma on conventional steroids.
Approach to contraception in the primary health care: barrier, behavioral and pharmaceutical methods
Authors: Baoum Shada Omar , Almomen Zainab Abduljabbar , Alotaibi Fatmah Abdullah , Almohaiya Rawan Ayedh , Alharbi Amani Abdullah , Hejazi Hamed Arif , Alsabei Hibah Abdullah , Algethami Norah Salem , Shamlan Nareman Sulaiman , Aljohani Norah Dakhilallah , Alqahtani Nura Ayidh
Published: November 2021

Contraception is a critical tool in achieving favorable family planning, which has been reported with remarkable outcomes on the individual and country-based levels. Using contraceptive approaches has been reported to be cost efficacious with minimal side effects. It gives couples more freedom, privacy and control over their lives, which might also enhance the quality of life of these individuals. In the present study, we have reviewed evidence from current studies in the literature about the different approaches to contraception in primary care. We have discussed the different barrier and non-barrier approaches that have been validated in the literature as efficacious approaches that can achieve contraception. We also reviewed the safety profiles for the different modalities and whether they can be used or not. Overall, couples should consult with the primary care physician before approaching any modality to give them a better judgment about the potential benefits and risks of each suitable contraception tool. We suggest that educational campaigns should also be conducted to increase awareness and attitude about family planning and using contraceptive modalities to expand the application and favorable outcomes of using these tools.
Spectrum of all microorganism isolated from surgical site infection and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile
Authors: Singh Sudhir , Fatma Mushk Bar , Farooq Umar , Sharma Vasundhara , Sharma Shweta R , Ahmad Imran
Published: November 2021

Surgical site infection are the most common nosocomial infection accounting for 14% healthcare associated infection and are estimated to double the post-operative stay and significantly increase the cost of care. Surgical site infection has been considered as the third regularly occurring infection according to national nosocomial infection surveillance system.

To determine the bacterial agents causing surgical site infection and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolated microorganisms.

: Isolate and identify pathogens of surgical site infection. To determine antimicrobial resistance and sensitivity pattern of isolated wound microbes. To determine the frequency of pathogens of surgical site infection.

: Samples were cultured on Blood agar and MacConkey agar then incubated at 37 C for 24 hours. Any growth for further confirmed by Gram stain and appropriate biochemical tests, and then Antibiotic sensitivity test was done.

: In this study 106 (61.7) were of male and 66 (38.3) were of female total 172 were examined. In our study total 172 patients included in which 142 pathogenic organism were isolated. The most common pathogenic organism found to be 44 isolates (30.99%) followed by 41 isolates (28.87%) 23 isolates (16.20%), 18 isolates (12.68%), 9 isolates (6.34%), 5 isolates (3.52%), 1 isolate (0.70%) and 1 isolate (0.70%).

Antimicrobial resistance always pose challenges for clinician for treating wound infection the present study guide clinician about common pathogens and countered in pus sample furthermore it help the clinician to select and treat patients with proper antibiotics and decreased mortality and morbidity.
Study of occurrence of HBeAg among Hepatitis- B surface antigen positive cases
Authors: Sharma Shweta R , Devi Pragati , Mishra Amit , Farooq Umar , Singh Sudhir , Sharma Vasundhara , Ahamad Imran
Published: November 2021

Hepatitis is a universal concept that mean inflammation of the liver and infection with 1 of the 5 viruses called hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viruses is the almost common cause. The 5 viral cause’s hepatitis-B infection is the worldly almost common hepatic infection, which is cause by hepatitis-B (HBV). HBV is a DNA virus. It is 42–47 nm in diameter and enters the liver through with blood stream. HBV is highly contagious and is 60–100 times more than HIV. It is transmissible throughly with blood cell and all body fluid or mucosa membranous. It is transmitted almost normally by unsafe physical sexual contact, contaminated blood transfusions and unsterilized use needles from mother to baby, close household touch and in the midst of children in early childhood.

Study of occurrence of HBeAg among Hepatitis- B surface antigen positive cases; 1. Identification of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen positive cases; 2. Occurrence of HBeAg among Hepatitis- B surface antigen positive cases.

5ml blood was collected from anterior cubital vein by Venipuncture from recruited patient. Samples were collected after proper consent and aseptic precautions. Then every blood sample was transfer overhead a tagged tube plane vial

The study was conducted in Department of Microbiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Hospital. Blood sample from 106 patients including both male and female were collected from various department of the Hospital for the analysis purpose. Out of them, 38 (36%) cases were HBeAg positive and 68 (64%) cases were HBeAg negative

: The result of our study put up valuable information and connection in HBeAg positive cases. In this little sample size 106 analysis of the patients at Uttar Pradesh Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College, the prevalence of HBeAg (positive results) in the department of medical microbiology, while the negative result is 68(64%).Males 29(76%) were more affected by the HBV (HBeAg) infection as compare to Female 9(24%).An important preventive measure is the screening for HBV in blood donors. Hepatitis-B related chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma are best prevented by universal childhood immunization. In non-infected people, HBV infection can be avoided by HBV vaccination.Injections Sequence 3 at 0, 1 and 6 months. In over 90% of recipients vaccination is successful.
Group B Streptococcal infections among nonpregnant adults: A cross sectional study from a Tertiary care teaching hospital in South India
Authors: Jose Rosmi , George Ann , K A Sathiavathy , Valsan Chithra
Published: November 2021

To understand the epidemiology of Group B Streptococcal infections among nonpregnant adults and to study the antibiotic susceptibility profile of GBS isolates.

: A cross sectional study conducted in the department of microbiology in a tertiary care teaching hospital during December 2018 to May 2020. Group B Streptococcal (GBS) isolates from clinical samples of nonpregnant adults were included in the study. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of GBS isolates were performed according to standard microbiology techniques. Patient’s demographic features and clinical details were collected from medical records.

: A total of 58 GBS isolates were obtained from nonpregnant adults during the study period. There was a female (60.3%) predominance among the study group. Mean age of the study subjects was 51.4 years. In our study GBS were commonly isolated from urine 50% (n=29) and wound swabs 46.6% (n=27). One isolate each (1.7%) was obtained from blood culture, urethral swab and high vaginal swab. Common GBS infections noted in this study were Urinary tract infections (50%) and skin and soft tissue infections (46.6%). Diabetes mellitus (58.6%) was the most common risk factor noted in our study. All the isolates were sensitive to Penicillin, Linezolid and Vancomycin. Erythromycin and clindamycin resistance of 13.8% and 6.9% respectively were noted.

A shifting trend of GBS infections from pregnant women and neonates to non-pregnant adults was observed in the present study. In patients with diabetes mellitus GBS could be considered as causative agent of skin and soft tissue infections.
Determination of anti-streptolysin – O titer in suspected cases of streptococcal infection
Authors: Sharma Shweta R , Chahal Rounak , Srivastava Anshuman , Farooq Umar , Singh Sudhir , Sharma Vasundhara , Ahamad Imran
Published: November 2021

The Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus has remained a major human infective agent for hundreds of years. Group 'A' beta hemolytic streptococcus related ailment and sequelae keep on affecting general public and national economy as they mostly influence kids and youthful grown-ups. Current research aimed to determination of anti-streptolysin –o titer in suspected cases of streptococcal infection.

: Determination of anti-Streptolysin-O (ASO) titer in suspected cases of streptococcal infection.

The measurement of ASO levels was done by semi-quantitative analyzer analyzer on photometric and colorimetric systems. 107 blood samples were taken in our study. This study was conduct in serological section of microbiology department of Teerthanker Mahaveer Hospital & research centre Moradabad.

A total 107 samples were tested in this study. Of these, 23(21.5%) were found to be positive for the presence of ASO having titre of >200IU/mL.

This study will be useful to evaluate utility of sero-diagnosis in our catering population and found useful in early diagnosis and treatment of these pathogens. Treatment can be initiated at an early stage leading to reduction in complications and associated mortality.
A study of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome – Clinical profile, aetiology, and outcome
Authors: Patel Mayank A , Joshi Pranav B , Bharodiya Rakesh I , Shah Sudhir V , Shah Shalin D
Published: November 2021

We aimed to study the clinical profile and etiology of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) in a tertiary care centre of western India.

All patients evaluated by the neurology department, who fulfilled the standardised case definition for encephalitis (given by International Encephalitis Consortium) over 2 year period were screened. Routine laboratory investigations, CSF, Neuroimaging and EEG were done in all patients. Short term follow-up of one month was done to see the outcome.

: Out of total 85 patients of AES seen over two years; viral etiology was identified in 26 (30.5%) patients; 8 (9.4%) patients had autoimmune cause and in 53 (62.4%) patients, no specific ethology could be found. Long duration of symptom onset to hospitalisation, seizures, abnormal behaviour, involuntary movements (automatism, dyskinesia, or dystonia), and autonomic dysfunction favours a diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis. At one month, good outcome (mRS <2) was seen in 51(60%) patients and 34 (40%) patients had a poor outcome (mRS > 2), out of which 29(34.1%) patients expired.

Viral encephalitis was the commonest cause of AES; followed by autoimmune encephalitis. Specific cause could not be ascertained in large number of patients, even after extensive evaluation. AES patients had prolonged hospital stay and significant morbidity and mortality.
Comparision of bacterial urinary tract infection in catheterised and non catheterised patients
Authors: Sharma Vasundhara , Shukla Somya , Singh V K , Farooq Umar , Singh Sudhir , Sharma Shweta R , Ahmed Imran
Published: November 2021

The most frequent bacterial illness is urinary tract infection (UTI). If Immune system fails to eliminate the bacteria that has bypass the first line of defence it results in urinary tract infection or a more severe illness furthermore. Females are usually more distressed than males. Catheter- associated urinary tract infection develops when an indwelling urinary catheter causes an infection within 48 hours.

Compare the bacterial infection in urinary tract in non catheterized and catheterized patients.

To know different pathogenic bacteria causing UTI in catheterized and non catheterized patients.

The present study was conducted on CAUTI & NON CAUTI patients including both male & female attending general medicine of teerthankar Mahaveer University.

Infection occurred more in CAUTI patients than NON CAUTI. Ratio of females was higher than males.

As our study shows higher percentage of UTI in CAUTI so unnecessary catheterization should be avoided.
The impact of online technical education on schooling outcomes: Evidence from Brazil
Authors: Elacqua Gregory , Navarro-Palau Patricia , Prada Maria , Soares Sammara
Published: November 2021

This paper studies the impact of online technical education offered to complement regular academic instruction in high school on student schooling outcomes. Using a regression discontinuity design with an oversubscribed large-scale online technical course in Brazil, we find that students who score above the cutoff on the online technical education admission exam are less likely to drop out of high school, while their performance on standardized tests in math and Portuguese is similar to that of students just below the admission exam cutoff. Overall, we provide evidence that complementing high school regular instruction with technical education in an online format can be an effective public policy to increase students work readiness as it reduces the dropout rate from secondary education without negatively affecting students academic proficiency.
Literatura e(m) discurso
Authors: César Martins Santos Júlio , Catosso Salles Atilio
Published: November 2021

Este artigo retoma os escritos de Jorge Luis Borges (1899-1986), aqui analisado sob a ótica da teoria da Análise de Discurso Francesa, de Pêcheux e Orlandi. Centramo-nos na obra Ficções, e mais especificamente em dois contos nela presentes: Três Versões de Judas e Tema do Traidor e do Herói. Interessa-nos investigar e compreender o modo de funcionamento do imaginário, segundo a perspectiva discursiva, em especial na relação com a história dita oficial. Ao cabo de nossas pesquisas, fomos dar de encontro aos livros e à história: ambos funcionando como subsidiários do citado imaginário e também da formulação do autor argentino.
Linguística Aplicada e a produção de saberes sobre a vida social contemporânea
Authors: De Alencar Claudiana Nogueira , Araújo Nukácia Meyre Silva
Published: November 2021

Apresentação do número regular temático da Revista da Anpoll.
The dynamics of synchronization of two-stage van der Pol generator
Authors: Zaitsev Valery V. , Karlov Alexander V.
Published: November 2021

Results of numerical simulation of self-oscillations synchronization process in two-cascade ring generator van der Pol by harmonic signal are presented. Studies were carried out within the framework of the DT- model of the dynamic system. The model was developed on the basis of the principle of compliance within the framework of the method of slowly changing amplitudes of characteristics of a discrete system with characteristics of an analog prototype. Shortened equations for complex oscillation amplitudes in generator stages are obtained. It was found that in an autonomous system there is an effect of bistability of amplitudes. In the synchronization mode with an external harmonic signal, solutions of shortened equations made it possible to calculate amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics of synchronous oscillations. It is shown that transitions between bistable states are observed in the synchronous oscillation holding band. Differences of frequency characteristics of synchronization of classical and two-stage oscillators van der Pol were analyzed.
Entanglement of two dipole-couples qubits induced by a thermal field of a cavity with Kerr medium
Authors: Zakharov Rodion K. , Bashkirov Evgeny K.
Published: November 2021

In the present work, we investigated the dynamics of two identical superconducting qubits interacting with the mode of the quantum electromagnetic field of a microwave coplanar cavity with a Kerr medium in the presence of an effective dipole-dipole interaction of the qubits. We have found an exact solution of the quantum Liouville equation for the complete density matrix of the system under consideration for the Fock and thermal chaotic initial states of the cavityr field. The exact solution for the full density matrix was used to determine the reduced qubit density matrix and to calculate the entanglement parameter concurrence. Computer simulation of the time dependence of the concurrshowed that for certain initial states of qubits, their entanglement can be significantly increased in the presence of a Kerr medium and direct dipole-dipole interaction.
Asymmetrical dipole antenna based on a phase-correcting dielectric lens
Authors: Aliev Dmitry S. , Ivanov Alexander V. , Pasternak Yuri G. , Pendyurin Vladimir A. , Chesnokov Egor S.
Published: November 2021

Problem. Modern mobile robotic systems are increasingly used in various fields of human activity. More and more stringent requirements are imposed on them to ensure high throughput, broadband and reliability of data transmission and control channels at the maximum distance from the control center. And what I would like to note separately is the requirement to reduce the cost of such complexes as much as possible. Therefore, the development of technologically advanced, economically feasible antenna systems that provide an increase in the energy potential of the radio channel in the interval of the robotic complex - control point is one of the ways to solve this problem. Formulation of the problem. It is required to develop a mechanically strong, technological antenna, built on the basis of lens structures of various configurations, made of modern dielectric materials, characterized by reduced weight and size characteristics and cost price, which will increase the level of radiated electromagnetic energy in a wide frequency band. Purpose of the article. Present the developed model of an asymmetric dipole antenna and the results of a numerical experiment. Result. The antenna design is made on a metallized round substrate and is a polystyrene cylinder with a funnel-shaped hole, inside which there is an asymmetrical conical vibrator arm. The results of calculations showed that in the frequency band, which is used to organize direct broadband radio communication channels with robotic complexes, the gain varies within 5.5-9 dB, which is superior in this parameter to the commonly used whip antennas. The calculated standing wave ratio confirms the performance of the developed antenna model in a wide frequency band. The impedance response and the Smith-Smith diagram showed a preliminary calculated spread of the input impedance of the antenna from 30 to 95 ohms. Practical significance. The proposed antenna model ensures manufacturability, mechanical strength, and low cost. The full-azimuth radiation mode and increased gain make it possible to predict the possibility of using this antenna as part of the equipment for the data transmission channel and control of robotic complexes such as unmanned aerial vehicles.
The importance of ultrasonography in surgical treatment of vascular access for hemodialysis complications
Authors: Zahmatova Tatyana V. , Koen Valeriia S. , Anpilogova Kristina S.
Published: November 2021

Background. Most complications of vascular access for hemodialysis require surgical treatment and if ineffective lead to fistula loss and depletion of the vascular resource for the new fistula creation.Objective. To identify complications of permanent vascular access for hemodialysis which require surgical treatment and evaluate its results using duplex scanning.Design and methods. Ultrasonography, clinical and laboratory examinations were performed in 550 patients undergoing hemodialysis.Results. Complications of vascular access for hemodialysis were detected in 154 (28.0 %) patients, surgical treatment was performed in 96 (62.3 %) patients. The main indications for surgical treatment were: significant stenosis, occlusive thrombosis, non-occlusive thrombosis in combination with significant vein stenosis, aneurysm with increased access flow, ischemic steal syndrome of the hand and pulsating hematoma. The analysis of surgical interventions showed that the creation of a new access was more often performed (41.7 %) compared to other types of fistula reconstructions which leads to a decrease in the number of vessels in the upper extremities that can be used to create access in the future.Conclusion. Duplex ultrasound allows diagnosing vascular access for hemodialysis complications and evaluating the results of their surgical treatment.
Bioelectric activity of the brain in 3-4 years old children in eyes-open resting state
Authors: Voitenkov V. B. , Palchick A. B. A. B. , Savelieva N. A. , Bogdanova E. P.
Published: November 2021

Background. Electroencephalography is the main technique for assessing the functional state of the brain. Indications for EEG are diagnosis of paroxysmal states, prediction of the outcome of a pathological state, evaluation of bioelectrical activity if brain death is suspected. Up to 90 % of the native EEG in calm wakefulness in healthy individuals is occupied by “alpha activity”. In children in active wakefulness, the EEG pattern depends to a great extent on their age.Objective. The aim of the work was to assess EEG parameters in children aged 3–4 years in eyes-open resting state. Design and methods. 31 healthy participants aged 3–4 years were enrolled. EEG was registered for 30 minutes in a state of passive wakefulness in the supine position with open eyes. Average values of the power of the spectra for the alpha-rhythm, delta-rhythm and theta-rhythm in the frontal and temporal leads, as well as the ratio of the average power of alpha/theta and alpha/delta rhythms in the frontal and temporal leads were calculated.Results. Average power of the alpha-rhythm was significantly higher over the right frontal lobe than over the right frontal-temporal area, as well as average amplitude of it was significantly higher in F3-A1 than F7-A1, F4-A2 than F8-A2, which is associated with the articulatory praxis. Average alpha-rhythm power was significantly higher in T5-A1 than T3-A1 and T6-A2 than T4-A2, which corresponds to the recognition and naming of objects optically. Significant differences according to the total average power of the alpha- and theta-rhythms above the frontal and frontal-temporal regions reflect the relationship between the frontal cortex temporal lobes and the premotor zones, i.e. arcuate bundle, responsible for the “speech system”.Conclusion. The identified patterns can reflect the characteristics of the state of active wakefulness in a 3–4-year-old child and can be used for comparison in the future (both in the course of behavioral experiments and observation of patients with certain pathological processes).
Monocytic and lymphocytic inflammatory reaction during myocardial infarction complicated with acute heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lebedeva O. K. , Ermakov Alexey I. , Gaikovaya Larisa , Kukharchik Galina A.
Published: November 2021

Background. The processes of inflammation and repair in the area of myocardial infarction (MI) are carried out and regulated by various populations of immune cells, including monocytes, lymphocytes, and NK-cells. The success of myocardial recovery after infarction and the risk of developing acute heart failure (AHF) depend on their adequate interaction. The presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in which chronic low-gradient inflammation occurs, can affect the monocytic and lymphocytic response in MI, which may contribute to the development of AHF.Objective. to assess the features of monocytic and lymphocytic responses in patients with MI T2DM complicated by the development of AHF.Design and methods. The study included 121 patients with MI T2DM (38 of them with AHF). The control group included 59 patients without diabetes mellitus (including 13 patients with AHF). For all patients within 1 day, on days 3, 5 and 12 of MI, the total number of monocytes and lymphocytes, the monocytes-to-lymphocytes ratio (MLR), subpopulations of monocytes and T-lymphocytes with NK cells (T&NK-cells) were determined by flow cytometry.Results. In patients with T2DM, the number of monocytes of different subpopulations did not differ depending on the development of AHF. In patients without T2DM with MI, complicated by AHF, compared with patients without AHF, on day 3, the number of CD14(+)CD16(-)monocytes was higher: 1018 (824; 1144) vs 593 (557; 677) cells/μL, p <0,01, and on days 3 and 5, the number of CD16(+) T&NK-cells was lower: 122 (95; 275) cells/μL and 307 (220; 406) cells/μL, respectively (p = 0,03); (117 (61; 228) and 437 (408; 545) cells/μL, respectively, p < 0,01. On the 12th day of MI in patients with T2DM and AHF lymphocytes and CD16(+)T&NK-cells counts were lower in comparison with patients without AHF: 1856 (1245; 1975) cells/μL and 2294 (1827; 2625) cells/μL, respectively, p = 0,04; 268 (128; 315) cells/μL and 344 (226 ; 499) cells/ μL, respectively, p = 0,04.Conclusion. In patients with T2DM, the development of AHF is associated with a low number of lymphocytes in the absence of a pronounced monocytic response. In non-diabetic patients, the development of AHF is associated with an increase in CD16(-)monocytes and a lower number of CD16 (+) T&NК-cells.
Pengaruh Perkembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di ASEAN 4
Authors: Fauziah Yusrin
Published: November 2021

ASEAN is an organization in the Southeast Asian region which has ten member countries. Among the ten ASEAN member countries, there are four countries that have the same characteristics, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand. The four countries are developing countries with low to medium income, where the economy is supported by Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This study aims to see the effect of the number of workers, the value of exports and the value of MSME capital loans on economic growth in ASEAN 4. The MSMEs studied are MSMEs in four ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand) since 2009-2018. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression using panel data by performing statistical tests (F test, t test and R2 test) and classical assumption tests (normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation). Data analysis shows that the number of workers and the value of MSME capital loans have a positive and significant effect on economic growth in ASEAN 4. Meanwhile, the export value of MSMEs has a positive but not significant effect on economic growth in ASEAN 4.

Keywords:     MSMEs, Employment, Exports, Capital Loans and Economic Growth.
Pozorność umowy o pracę w przypadku zatrudnienia zewnętrznego
Authors: Bakalarz Tomasz
Published: November 2021

Pozorność umowy o pracę wymaga tajnego porozumienia między pracodawcą a pracownikiem co do symulowanej czynności. Pracownik nie może domyślać się rzeczywistych intencji pracodawcy, a jego zgoda na pozorowaną czynność musi być niewątpliwa. Nie sposób przypisać pracownikowi zgody na pozorny stosunek pracy, gdy przystępuje on w dobrej wierze do wykonania umowy przez świadczenie pracy na rzecz osoby trzeciej. Fakt wykonywania pracy na rzecz podmiotu innego niż pracodawca, oceniany ex post, nie tylko mógłby wpływać na rzeczywiste intencje pracownika, lecz także może stanowić o modyfikacji umowy. Odrzucenie tej perspektywy dla sprawniejszego zakwestionowania umowy o pracę z uwagi na sugerowaną pozorność należy uznać za błąd w stosowaniu prawa. W szczególności w trwałych stosunkach prawnych warto pamiętać o wykładni adaptacyjnej, uwzględniającej zmiany stosunków prawnych w czasie, w tym modyfikacje wyrażające się w obiektywnie ocenionym następczym zachowaniu stron oraz osób trzecich.
Probacja w wykroczeniach — o potrzebie warunkowego zawieszenia wykonania kary aresztu
Authors: Liżyńska Katarzyna
Published: November 2021

Warunkowe zawieszenie wykonania kary aresztu jest jedynym środkiem probacyjnym w wykroczeniach. Nie budzi wątpliwości stwierdzenie, że nie jest koniecznym warunkiem odbycie przez sprawcę kary, by cele kary, jak też postępowania w sprawie o wykroczenie zostały osiągnięte. Jednak szersza analiza omawianego środka probacyjnego wykazuje, że utrzymanie warunkowego zawieszenia wykonania kary aresztu w kodeksie wykroczeń jest wątpliwe. Przemawia za tym sprzeczność przesłanek stosowania kary aresztu i omawianej instytucji, jak również marginalne wykorzystywanie tej instytucji w praktyce.
„Quo vadis” tymczasowy areszcie? Czyli o tym, ile razy jednym przepisem można naruszyć Konstytucję
Authors: Stępień-Załucka Beata
Published: November 2021

Tymczasowe aresztowanie w polskiej procedurze karnej jest znane od wielu lat. Jego stosowanie bywało kwestionowane głównie w związku ze zbyt swobodnym stosowaniem tej instytucji przez sądy, obecnie jednak niepokój związany z funkcjonowaniem tego środka wzbudzają wątpliwości co do konstytucyjności przepisu 257 § 3 kodeksu postępowania karnego. Zgodnie z jego treścią prokurator może nadrzędnie i skutecznie sprzeciwić się decyzji sądu co do zamiany środka zapobiegawczego w postaci tymczasowego aresztowania na poręczenie majątkowe, co narusza szereg postanowień konstytucyjnych.
Glosa do wyroku wojewódzkiego sądu administracyjnego w Białymstoku z dnia 13 września 2019 roku, sygn. akt II SA/Bk 588/19*
Authors: Gurdek Magdalena
Published: November 2021

Niniejsza glosa porusza problematykę dopuszczalności rezygnacji z przyznanego na wniosek rodzicielskiego świadczenia uzupełniającego, a dokładniej — skutków złożonego przez stronę oświadczenia o cofnięciu wniosku wszczynającego postępowanie, w którym zapadła decyzja ostateczna przyznająca to świadczenie.
Prawo procesowe a materialne prawo pracy. Zagadnienia wybrane
Authors: Sanetra Walerian
Published: November 2021

Procesowe prawo pracy nie obejmuje całości spraw wynikających ze stosowania materialnego prawa pracy. Zasadniczo ma ono zastosowanie do roszczeń wynikających ze stosunku pracy oraz pewnej grupy spraw rozpoznawanych w trybie nieprocesowym. Wynika to stąd, że w przeszłości odrębna procedura i odrębne sądownictwo pracy tworzone były głównie z myślą o potrzebie wzmocnienia procesowej ochrony interesów pracownika. Z tego powodu ochroną tą nie obejmowano spraw z zakresu zbiorowego prawa pracy, niepracowniczego zatrudnienia czy prawa rynku pracy. Współcześnie istnieje potrzeba umocnienia ustrojowej pozycji sądownictwa pracy oraz rozciągnięcia jego właściwości rzeczowej na całokształt spraw — niezależnie od ich natury prawnej — mieszczących się w granicach materialnego prawa pracy. Wynika to z potrzeby wzmocnienia roli prawa pracy, a także z ciągłej rozbudowy i komplikowania się jego unormowań prawnych, które pociągają za sobą konieczność daleko idącej specjalizacji sędziów oraz ustrojowych i procesowych reguł przez nich stosowanych.