bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Parents in the Use of Social Media in Early Childhood
Authors: Ardiya Lailya Ika , R Ariningtyas Dwi , Arina Alfin , A.P. Virginia Salsa Billa , R. Nur Farida
Published: August 2021

The digital era is information technology that can be accessed by anyone, anywhere and under any conditions, so that it can have a positive and negative impact on the responsibilities of parents to children. This study aims to determine the role of parents in the use of social media in early childhood. This research is a library research whose main source is library data. All library data is analyzed by using data analysis techniques with comparative descriptive techniques and critical analysis. Based on this research, parents are responsible for being more selective in caring for, caring for, educating, and protecting children in today's digital era. They are also required to understand technology and information systems.
The Types of Presupposition in the Jakarta Post's Education Articles
Authors: Dewanta Zuka Cristyananda Mei , Utami Dina Sri
Published: August 2021

A speaker’s or writer’s presupposition shows a prejudice about a conversation opponent or someone being discussed. In this research, a presupposition analysis was conducted to provide information about the assumptions made by the Minister of Education and Culture Nadiem Makarim on various occasions in his speech to state his programs. It also aims to provide information to the reader that the intention conveyed by the speaker is precise and clear. Therefore, the authors declare in the various utterances that are delivered and explain the purposes. The data was taken randomly from the Jakarta Post online article about Education for a vulnerable period of one month from November 2, 2019, to December 2, 2019. This study used descriptive qualitative methods in answering questions in the problem statement; they are the explanation about what assumptions are often used by the Minister of Education and Culture and also explain the reasons for the use of these assumptions repeatedly. The assumptions found are lexical, non-factive, and counterfactual presupposition. Assumptions that are often used that aim that the use of certain expressions by the speaker is taken to presuppose other concepts (not stated), the use of certain expressions is made to presuppose the truth of the information said afterward.
Muhammadiyah Magersari Subdistrict Strategy in Community Development
Authors: Ambarani Erinda , Amrullah Muhlasin , Adiningtyas Widya , Fatma Imarotul , Safitri Fisty Wilda , Novianti Devi
Published: August 2021

Muhammadiyah merupakan organisasi yang menjunjung Islam.Organisasi Islam Muhammadiyah memiliki struktur dalam keorganisasian, dari tingkat yang paling tinggi ya itu pusat, wilayah, daerah, cabang,dan yang paling rendah ranting.  Semua tingkat keorganisasian di Muhammadiyah memilki peran dan tanggung jawab masing - masing. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui permasalahan-permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat dan juga untuk mengetahui strategi dalam mengembangkan Muhammadiyah di Ranting Magersari. Manfaat observasi ini juga menambah keilmuan terutama pada bidang agama Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, pengambilan data  dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara bapak Abdul Rochim selaku Pimpinan Muhammadiyah Ranting Magersari. Oleh sebab itu, Bapak Abdul Rochim selaku masyarakat Magersari mendirikan RANTING MUHAMMADIYAH yang bertujuan untuk mengajak semua masyarakat dalam mengamalkan ajaran Islam yang sesuai di kehidupan sehari-hari untuk menggerakkan pemberantasan tahayyul, bid’ah, serta khurafat serta untuk membantu warga menuju ke hal yang lebih baik. Dengan adanya kegiatan tersebut, ketua Ranting Magersari mengadakan sebuah pertemuan rutin seperti majelis taklim untuk dakwah membahas mengenai islam yang sebenarnya. Hasilnya mereka diharapkan bersedia mengikuti pertemuan rutin tersebut.
The Improvement of Community Human Resources through Education at the Muhammadiyah Gempol Branch
Authors: Rohman Muhammad Ali , Romadhon M. Sahrul , Yudhistiral Yudhistiral , Yoga Trie , Dion Anthonio
Published: August 2021

Muhammadiyah is an organization which was founded on November 12, 1912, in which KH. Ahmad Dahlan and his students founded the organization in the Kauman area of ​​Yogyakarta. At that time, the Dutch were controlled by the Dutch so that KH. Ahmad Dahlan to establish the organization until now this history is remembered by Muhammadiyah people. Increasingly, Muhammadiyah became one of the organizations which had leaders in sub-district areas called branch leaders where the branch leadership became the second hand of the central leadership of Muhammadiyah in cities or districts. Community resources are very enthusiastic about establishing this leader in the area so that many become figures in the area so that they set up schools so that the people in the area have a good education. Muhammadiyah's role in the community is to make good cadres and spread the message of amar ma'ruf nahi mungkar.
Automatic Filterization For Industrial Drinking Water Quality Based On Internet Of Things
Authors: Novita Alifia , Sonalitha Elta , Subairi
Published: August 2021

Water that suitable for consumption must comply with several biological, chemical and radioactive requirements. The majority of people not understand the quality of the water they consume, most people only recognize clean and dirty water, without knowing the suitability of this water. Because not all substances contained in water can be seen with the naked eye, so it will be difficult to know whether the water is in accordance with the quality of drinking water or not. This study was aimed at monitoring several drinking water quality parameters in the form of pH (6.5 - 8.5), Turbidity (<5 NTU) temperature (22 ℃ - 27 ℃) and TDS (<500 ppm) using pH sensors, turbidity sensors temperature sensors and TDS sensors, and Ultraviolet light as an inhibitor of bacterial growth. The resulting data is executed by NodeMCU 8266 and forwarded via IoT to be sent to the server and forwarded to the application automatically. The results of the pH sensor readings show a reading accuracy of up to 98.36%, the temperature sensor the reading accuracy reaches 96%, the turbidity sensor has an accuracy level of up to 90.1%, while the TDS (Total Dissolve Solid) sensor has an accuracy level of 95, 16%. Water from the filtration of the water filter can be categorized as suitable for consumption accordance with drinking water standards in the Decree of the Minister of Health No.492 of 2010.
Design and Build 3d Educational Game "Motorized Millennials" for Indonesian Teenagers
Authors: Ardiansyah Mochammad Iwan , Taurusta Cindy
Published: August 2021

Traffic signs are one of the things road equipment which consists of symbols, numbers, letters, sentences or a combination of them serves for prohibitions, orders, warnings, and instructions for road users. The younger generation often neglects even many who do not obey the traffic rules, as a result, accidents often occur. From a research Rahmi concluded that 84.5% of students ride motorbikes to school and get 56.8% respondents and have criteria for less safe actions in two-wheeled driving and 43.3% safe criteria including driving while communicating with a mobile phone 51% (Rahmi, 2009 ). An innovation that is suitable for Indonesian youth in studying traffic signs is the game method. Because teenagers tend to like to play and learn. so the game method with game media is very suitable to be applied to make it easier for teenagers to learn about traffic signs. Therefore, the purpose of this research is one of them can attract the interest of the younger generation to be able to learn to recognize traffic signs in order to reduce accidents while driving. The data collection methods that we use in this study include: Interviews, Field Observations, Functional Requirements Analysis, System Design, System Testing, Application Testing Design. We have carried out the results of testing this educational game starting from testing all buttons, displaying questions, displaying scores, and displaying every available menu. The results of research that have been carried out are displaying menus in motorized millennial games including: first we install the apk, bring up the application icon, display the game start page starting from: how to play, start and exit.
Planning Total Veener Production PT. XYZ
Authors: Irawan Krisna Risky Putra , Sukmono Tedjo
Published: August 2021

PT. XYZ is engaged in the manufacture and sale of wood veneers. Starting from the constant occurrence of over stock, now the company must make improvements to the production forecasting process so that over stock can be avoided. It can be seen that accurate production forecasting can create conditions for an effective and efficient production system. This study aims to obtain a more accurate forecast of material requirements using the Support Vector Regression (SVR) method, which is the result of the development of a Support Vector Machine (SVM) which has good performance in predicting time series data. Application of the Support Vector Regression (SVR) method with the RBF kernel in predicting the need for veneer production using the MATLAB application, it produces the smallest error rate with a MAPE of 5%, RMSE of 4364.63 and of 0.748274147. on  67 training data and 20 testing data.
Decision Support System For Computer Recommendations Using Web-Based Fuzzy Tahani Logic Method
Authors: Santoso Farrell Ega , Astutik Ika Ratna Indra
Published: August 2021

Nowadays people are familiar with computers and many use computers to support their needs, but many people do not understand the specifications of computers that suit their needs, so a web-based application is made that provides recommendations for computer specifications using fuzzy logic. This research method uses observation to obtain information about computer components. The results of this study indicate the recommendations for computer components, namely computer, monitors, keyboard, and mouse according to the user's wishes. The conclusion of this study, this website makes it easier for users to choose computer components.
Implementation of Lean Six Sigma in an Effort to Reduce the Failure of the Pipe Quality Load Test
Authors: Waras Mochamad , Sulistyowati Wiwik
Published: August 2021

PT WTUR is a manufacturing whose production is PVC pipe. As a measure to improve quality and optimize work processes in the quality control department. The research aims to minimize the occurrence of impact test failures and provide recommendations for improvement so as to guarantee product quality and generate a sense of satisfaction obtained from consumers. The method used in this research is the lean six sigma method. The purpose of using the lean six sigma method is to reduce waste and determine the causes of the failure of the impact test results. In applying the lean six sigma method, the analysis method is used to determine the causative factors of the root cause using the fishbone diagram and root cause analysis (RCA) and to find out the steps for improvement in reducing the occurrence of load test failures on pipe quality using the failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA).
Website Based Information System for Sales and Purchasing of Traditional Fish for Kalanganyar Residents
Authors: Efendi Ahmad Rizqi , Findawati Yulian
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research is to create an information system that can be used for buying and selling websites. The research method used is the waterfall method, but the data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and literature study. Where to get the data, it is necessary to come directly to the location which is the place of research. Later, the result of this research is that circles of people can sell products online and can expand the reach of website based marketing, buyers only need to access the website to make purchase transactions
The System Monitoring Laboratorium Electrical Engineering With Internet of Things Based To Be Smaart Campus
Authors: Ayyubi Sholihuddin , Anshory Izza , Sulistyowati Indah , Hadidja Dwi
Published: August 2021

Security is needed in all places, especially in an institution where there are expensive and important equipment, therefore we need a security device system to facilitate handling as early as possible. In this case we can take advantage of technology that contains the concept of smart laboratory which is applied to the laboratory room of the electrical engineering faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo. By utilizing NodemCU as a microcontroller combined with a mini Arduino, RFID is a laboratory user identification that is used as a trigger for the locked or opening of the Doorlock solenoid, monitoring the opening and closing of the doorlock solenoid can be monitored or via a smartphone via a notification sent by nodemCU via the Blynk application platform, that the device create an internet of things system and monitor laboratory conditions in real time
Expert System for Diagnosing Liver Disease Using Web-Based Bayes Theorem Method Metode
Authors: Fandy Rachmatulloh  , Ade Eviyanti
Published: August 2021

Many people still do not know the risks, prevention, and treatment solutions related to liver disease. Therefore, many Indonesian people are affected by liver diseases such as hepatitis and other liver diseases because they are not aware of the symptoms they are experiencing. Therefore, this expert system is designed to help diagnose the symptoms experienced by people or patients who have liver disease. With this expert system, it can help overcome delays in handling so that it is not severe later. This expert system is created using the Bayes theorem method where in each symptom there is a probability or possibility which then gets the final result in the form of how big the event occurred. This expert system diagnoses the symptoms selected by the patient. After that, get the value of the possibility of a disease suffered by the patient. The results of this study are to produce an expert system for diagnosing liver disease using the website-based Bayes theorem method. This system can help diagnose a patient’s symptoms quickly and is used anywhere.
Website Design in Anggilowu Village
Authors: Hilfi Juawdesb  , Sadr Lufti Mufreni
Published: August 2021

E-Government is a government website that provides information services to the public. Website is a technology service provided to facilitate the public in accessing the information needed. The creation of a website in Anggilowu Village aims to make it easier for people to obtain good and accurate information. Existing data is not centralized and managed manually. This makes a job ineffective and takes a long time. Therefore, the creation of a village website to facilitate communication between residents and the Anggilowu Village. The method used in this study was prototyping models. The result of this study is a design of a village profile website.
Rice Production Forecasting System in East Java Using Double Exponential Smoothing Method
Authors: Afiyah Siti Nurul , Kurniawan Fajar , Aqromi Nur Lailatul
Published: August 2021

. Rice (Orza savita L.) is one of the most important carbohydrate-producing food plants in the world, besides wheat and corn. The need for rice continues to increase because the increase in the number of consumers is not balanced with sufficient production. According to BPS (2017), rice production in East Java Province in 2017 amounted to 13.06 million tons of Dry Milled Grain (GKG). The aim of this research is to predict / forecast the yield of rice production in the next period in order to become the target of rice production in the next period. The raised problem is how to predict the rice production. From the data that has been obtained from 1993 to 2017 the data shows increasing gradually which is classified into trend data. Thus, the forecasting method that can be used is the double exponential smoothing method. In the calculation process, it is done by finding S ', S' ', a, b & also the next period of forecasting sessions, using 0 <x <1. From the calculation of alpha 0.1 - 0.9 obtained the smallest MAPE of 3.14 in alpha 0.5. The results of the forecast for the next period increased 13299827.49 tons with an accuracy of 96.86%.
Rural Populations of Alagoinhas and Herpetofauna: Knowledge, Uses and Interactions
Authors: Campos Fabisson Lima , Neto Ernani Machado de Freitas Lins , Costa-Neto Eraldo Medeiros , Ferreira Felipe
Published: August 2021

Background: Brazil has one of the greatest diversity of species of herpetofauna in the world. Associated with this diversity of species, rural communities in Brazil have developed a vast knowledge about these animals. The present research aimed to characterize the knowledge and influence of the socioeconomic variables of the population in the interaction between humans and herpetofauna of the rural area of the municipality of Alagoinhas.Methods: The free list method and semistructured questionnaire was used to list the species of the herpetofauna known by the informants.Results: A total amount of 39 species of amphibians and reptiles was cited by the informants. These interact with residents in the categories of food use, magical-religious purposes, medicine, pets and in conflicting relationships.Conclusion: Regarding the results of socioeconomic variables influencing knowledge, time of residence, gender, the location of the community, education level, explained the knowledge associated with the reptiles. For amphibians, time of residence and gender explained the knowledge associated.
Complete Identification of Autophagy-Related lncRNA Prognostic Signature for Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Wenxi , Li Na , Shen Lin , Zhou Qin , Li Zhanzhan , Shen Liangfang
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) has a relatively high morbidity and mortality for women. The research about BC prognosis is significant. Autophagy is an essential process for tumor progression, which could play its role with lncRNA, a kind of ncRNA that have regulatory roles in multiple tumors. Therefore, constructing an autophagy-related prognostic model for breast cancer is meaningful.Methods: We download data from the TCGA and HADb. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to excavate autophagy-related lncRNA. Then with gene expression difference analysis, etc. we explored the relationship between clinical features and the signature. We applied Cytoscape as well as KEGG, etc. to explore expression condition. And the autophagy status of our signature was investigated by GSEA, etc. We also searched the immune distinction by CIBERSORTx to extend our study and preliminarily verified our study in the end.Results: Firstly, we got an independent autophagy-related lncRNA prognostic model, by which BC patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups. We found that the OS of high-risk group is significantly lower than that of low-risk group, which was identical to those within various clinical subgroups. Then, the KEGG and GO analysis enriched several pathways including autophagy. PCA and GSEA analysis demonstrated the autophagy status. Several distinguishing immune cell types in separated groups were revealed by immunity analysis. Then the verification in the end proved the feasibility of our signature.Conclusion: In this study, we acquired an independent autophagy-related lncRNA signature involving 12 lncRNAs, which contributes to the prediction of prognosis of BC patients.
A Modeling Study on Utilizing In2S3 as the Buﬀer Layer of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Based Solar Cell
Authors: beyrami neda , Saadat M. , sohbatzadeh zihab
Published: August 2021

In Cu(In1 − x,Gax)Se (CIGS)-based solar cells, the cadmium sulfide (CdS) layer is conventionally used as a buffer layer. In the current study, the CdS layer was replaced by the Indium sulfide (In2S3) layer, and the impact of various concentrations of Ga in the CIGS absorber, the band gap of the In2S3 buffer layer, and the band gap of the NayCu1−yIn5S8 interfacial layer on the efficiency of these CIGS solar cells were investigated. The results indicated that in the absence of NayCu1−yIn5S8, the optimal performance was obtained with an Eg−In2S3 value of 3.1 eV and the ratio of Ga/(Ga + In) (GGI) = 1, yielding an efficiency of 21.97%. The formation of the NayCu1−yIn5S8 interfacial layer deteriorated the efficiency of the device, and the highest efficiency of the CIGS solar cells with the interfacial layer was 16.33 %.
ATP-Independent Nucleosome Unfolding by FACT: Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Studitsky Vasily , Sivkina Anastasiia , Karlova Maria , Valieva Maria , McCullough Laura , Formosa Tim , Shaytan Alexey , Feofanov Alexey , Kirpichnikov Mikhail , Sokolova Olga
Published: August 2021

FACT is a histone chaperone that unfolds nucleosomes without ATP hydrolysis. We used electron microscopy to study FACT and FACT:nucleosome complexes, and found that both adopt broad ranges of configurations, indicating high flexibility. We found unexpectedly that the DNA binding protein Nhp6 also binds to the C-terminal tails of FACT subunits, inducing more open geometries of FACT even in the absence of nucleosomes. Nhp6 therefore supports nucleosome unfolding by altering both FACT structure and nucleosome properties. Complexes formed with FACT, Nhp6, and nucleosomes also produced a broad range of structures, revealing a large number of potential intermediates along a proposed unfolding pathway. The data suggest that Nhp6 has multiple roles before and during nucleosome unfolding by FACT, and that the process proceeds through a series of energetically similar intermediate structures, ultimately leading to an extensively unfolded form.
Exploiting bacterial isolates for diesel degrading potential under in vitro conditions
Authors: Taskar Kanchan , Gupta Sarika
Published: August 2021

Hydrocarbon contaminated oil-spilled areas and oil-products have caused serious harm with increasing attention for development, implementation and removal of these contaminants. Bacterial diversity on succession at the petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated environment can give answer the problem. Such lands have serious problems as totally barren or with rare plantation. Bacteria can thereby be exploited for the mitigation of hydrocarbon to enhance the nutrient availability for vegetation. Present study involves collection of soil samples heavily-contaminated with hydrocarbon from Bagru, Rajasthan. Samples were analysed by solid liquid extraction method followed by FTIR and HPLC analysis. During microbiological analysis hydrocarbon degrading bacteria were screened. FTIR spectral analysis indicated the presence of the functional groups alkanes and aromatic ringed compounds; 43–69% hydrocarbon content recorded by HPLC analysis of all the soil samples respectively. From the soil samples six gram-positive and four gram-negative bacterial isolates were explored possessing hydrocarbon degrading capacities in the range 47.04–87.31% and 10.12–95.24% respectively. Growth kinetic studies revealed the degradation upto 1000 ppm diesel in 3 days under in vitro conditions. These bacteria can further be exploited for diesel degradation and will certainly propose a possible solution to the prevailing issue for its biodegradation in ex situ conditions after upscaling.
Bee responses to landscape composition on coupled and decoupled multiscale approaches
Authors: Carneiro Lazaro , Ribeiro Milton Cezar , de Aguiar Willian Moura , Priante Camila de Fátima , Frantine-Silva Wilson , Gaglianone Maria Cristina
Published: August 2021

ContextMultiscale approaches are essential for understanding ecological processes and detecting the scale of effect. However, nested multiscale approaches retain the effect of the landscape attributes from the smaller spatial scales into the larger ones. Thus, decoupling local vs. regional scales can reveal detailed ecological responses to landscape context, but this multiscale approach is poorly explored. ObjectivesWe evaluated the scale of effect of the forest cover (%) and landscape heterogeneity on Euglossini bees combining coupled and decoupled multiscale approaches. MethodsThe Euglossini males were sampled in forest patches from 15 landscapes within the Atlantic Forest, southeast Brazil. For simplicity, we defined that the coupled approaches represented the local scales and decoupled approaches the regional scales. We decoupled the scales by cutting out the smaller scales inserted into larger ones. We estimated the relationship of the bee community attributes with forest cover (%) and landscape heterogeneity in local and regional scales using Generalized Linear Models. ResultsWe found positive effects of landscape heterogeneity on species richness for regional scales. Forest cover and landscape heterogeneity in local scales showed positive effects on the euglossine abundances. The scale of effect for euglossine richness was higher than species abundances. ConclusionsCombining coupled and decoupled multiscale approaches showed adequate capture of the scale of effect of the landscape composition on bee communities. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to measure the influence of the landscape context on biodiversity. Maintaining landscapes with larger forest cover and spatial heterogeneity is essential to keep euglossine species requirements.
Phytoextraction by harvesting dead leaves: Cadmium accumulation associated with the leaf senescence in Festuca arundinacea
Authors: Fei Ling , Zuo ShaoFan , Zhang JiaXin , Wang ZhaoLong
Published: August 2021

Phytoextraction strategy by harvesting dead leaves provides non-stop phytoremediation and a great saving in disposal cost of hazardous plant residues. This strategy is entirely dependent upon the amount of cadmium (Cd) accumulated in dead leaves. However, it is unknown that whether the leaf Cd accumulation is associated with its senescence and how to regulate its Cd accumulation. This study showed that Cd was preferentially and consistently distributed to and accumulated in the senescent leaves with the new leaf emergence and the old leaf dieback under 75 µM of Cd stress in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). Individual leaf monitoring from its emergence to senescence showed that Cd concentration increased exponentially with the leaf life cycle, while leaf biomass decreased gradually after 14 d of leaf emergence. The total amount of Cd accumulated in the leaf showed an exponential increase during leaf senescence, regardless of the leaf biomass loss. Our results demonstrated that leaf Cd accumulation was significantly associated with its senescence and the highest Cd accumulated in dead leaves could be contributed from the continuous Cd input during the leaf senescent process, indicating that further regulatory studies should be focused on the leaf senescence process to achieve higher Cd accumulation and phytoextraction efficiency by harvesting dead leaves.
Spatial Spillover Effects of Renewable Energy on Carbon Emissions in Less-Developed Areas of China
Authors: Bai Jun , LI Shixiang , Kang Qiying , Wang Nan , Guo Kailu , Wang Jinfeng , Cheng Jinhua
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this paper is to determine the spatial spillover effects of renewable energy on carbon emissions in China’s less-developed areas. However, few studies have considered this issue from the perspective of less-developed areas. Based on panel data of 21 provinces in China from 2000 to 2017, this paper investigates the spatial spillover effects of renewable energy on carbon emissions using Moran’s I and Spatial Durbin Model (SDM). The results suggest that, first, Moran’s I ranges from 0.378 to 0.519, Moran scatter plot presents that provinces are located in the high–high (HH) and low-low (LL) quadrants, indicating provincial carbon emissions in the study area have a significant spatial correlation and agglomeration. Second, under the three matrices, the direct effect coefficients of renewable energy are − 0.2522, -0.2639 and − 0.2601, this shows that renewable energy is beneficial to local carbon emissions reduction. In contrast, the indirect effect coefficients of renewable energy are 0.0605, 0.1012 and 0.1125, which means higher renewable energy consumption in a single area is conducive to the improvement of carbon emissions to neighbouring areas. Third, urbanization, industrialization, physical capital and other variables have different impacts on local and nearby carbon emissions. This study provides empirical evidence to achieve carbon emission reduction targets by government policymakers.
The Association of EBV and Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Xuming , Liu Tian , Yu Lijuan , Mo Wenfa , Xu Longkuan , Qiu Xiang , Zhong Xinmei , Qi Guangying
Published: August 2021

The present study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features of EBV positive and EBV negative gastric cancer patients and the expression levels of proliferative, apoptotic and cell signaling proteins in tissues samples from these patients. The biological role of EBV infection was assessed in gastric cancer. Results: EBV was localized in the nuclei of gastric cancer cells (positive rate 6.86%). The infection rate of EBV in normal gastric mucosal cells, which were adjacent to cancer tissues, was 0. The difference noted was significant (P = 0. 023). The expression levels of caspase-3 (P = 0.0423), FASL (P = 0.00297) and cyclin D1 (P = 0.0345) proteins were significantly different in EBV positive and negative gastric cancer tissues. When the parameters gender, age, Lauren classification, histological grade, early and advanced tumor stage, vascular and nerve invasion, TNM grade and survival status were compared, the maximum tumor diameter, number of lymph node metastasis, caspase-8, Ki67 and P53 protein expression did not reveal significant differences. Bcl-2 protein expression was positive in only one gastric cancer cell sample and negative in the other gastric cancer cell samples as well as in the corresponding normal gastric mucosal epithelial cells. However, significant differences were noted with regard to the positive expression of Bcl-2 in the immune cells of gastric cancer and adjacent tissues (P = 1.17749E-39). The expression levels of Bcl-2 in the immune cells of EBV positive and EBV negative gastric cancer tissues were not significantly different. The expression levels of caspase-8, caspase-3, FASL, Ki67, cyclin D1 and P53 proteins in gastric cancer cells were significantly different compared to those of normal gastric mucosal cells derived from adjacent tissues (P < 0.05). These findings were noted in both EBV positive and/or EBV negative gastric cancer cases (P < 0.05). The survival time of the patients with EBV positive gastric cancer was higher than that of the patients with EBV negative gastric cancer, whereas the differences were not significantly different. The aforementioned results suggested that the EBV virus may directly infect cancerous cells but not normal gastric mucosal cells. With the exception of caspase-3, the expression levels of the proteins FASL and cyclin D1 were closely associated with EBV-positive gastric cancer. EBV did not have a specific effect on the expression of the signaling molecules associated with proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Its effect on gastric cancer cells may be associated with other factors and requires further discussion. No significant differences were noted in the clinicopathological features of EBV positive compared to those of EBV negative gastric cancer patients. However, the prognosis of EBV positive gastric cancer patients was better than that of EBV negative gastric cancer patients. The mechanism of action associated with these processes requires further verification.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Teoh Seth En , Masuda Yoshio , Tan Darren Jun Hao , Liu Nan , Morrison Laurie J. , Ong Marcus Eng Hock , Blewer Audrey L. , Ho Andrew Fu Wah
Published: August 2021

Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly influenced epidemiology, yet its impact on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on the incidence and case fatality rate (CFR) of OHCA. We also evaluated the impact on intermediate outcomes and clinical characteristics.
Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to May 3, 2021. Studies were included if they compared OHCA processes and outcomes between the pandemic and historical control time periods. Meta-analyses were performed for primary outcomes (annual incidence, mortality, and case fatality rate [CFR]), secondary outcomes (field termination of resuscitation [TOR], return of spontaneous circulation [ROSC]), survival to hospital admission, and survival to hospital discharge), and clinical characteristics (shockable rhythm and etiologies). This study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42021253879).
Results
The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a 39.5% increase in pooled annual OHCA incidence (p < 0.001). Pooled CFR was increased by 2.65% (p < 0.001), with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 1.95 for mortality (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.51–2.51). There was increased field TOR (OR = 2.46, 95%CI 1.62–3.74). There were decreased ROSC (OR = 0.65, 95%CI 0.55–0.77), survival to hospital admission (OR = 0.65, 95%CI 0.48–0.89), and survival to discharge (OR = 0.52, 95%CI 0.40–0.69). There was decreased shockable rhythm (OR = 0.73, 95%CI 0.60–0.88) and increased asphyxial etiology of OHCA (OR = 1.17, 95%CI 1.02–1.33).
Conclusion
Compared to the pre-pandemic period, the COVID-19 pandemic period was significantly associated with increased OHCA incidence and worse outcomes.
Effects of Size and Surrounding Medium on Whispering-Gallery-Mode Lasers in Er3+-Doped Silica Microspheres
Authors: Hoang Thu Trang , Pham Van Dai , Pham Thanh Son , Nguyen Xuan Bach , Le Khai Q. , Ngo Quang Minh
Published: August 2021

This work reports the experimental fabrication and characterization of the Er3+-doped silica microspheres (mS) and numerical investigation of the effects of size and surrounding medium on the optical properties of whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) lasers. The heat melting method of two discharge electrodes was used to produce the Er3+-doped silica mSs of diameters up to several tens of micrometers. The 125-mm diameter single-mode optical fiber was tapered with a cone angle formed by chemical etching in hydrofluoric acid (HF) solutions. It was used to produce the mSs and couple the pumped laser into mS surface as well was coupled out the lasing emission. The WGM lasers at telecom regime of ~1520-1570 nm were characterized in both clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) propagation directions. By adjusting the coupling gap between the tapered optical fiber and the mS surface, the selectivity of the multi- or single-emitted modes of the mS laser was achieved. We performed finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations to examine the size dependence and analyze the effect of the surrounding medium’s refractive index on the optical characteristics, such as emission wavelength, intensity, as well as the shape of WGM lasing emission. The facile approach and quantitative investigation of this work has attracted much attention from researchers in the micro-photonic field and may be useful in many applications from tunable single-mode lasing sensing to optical micro-devices.
Well-Differentiated Liver Cancers Reveal the Potential Link Between ACE2 Dysfunction and Metabolic Breakdown.
Authors: Desquilles Lise , Cano Luis , Ghukasyan Gevorg , Landreau Clémence , Corlu Anne , Clément Bruno , Turlin Bruno , Désert Romain , Musso Orlando
Published: August 2021

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2)is a coreceptor.Abnormal hepatic function in COVID-19 suggests specific or bystander liver disease.Because liver cancer cells express the ACE2viral receptor, they arewidely usedas models of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression and localization in human liver cancers and in non-tumor livers.We studiedACE2 and TMPRSS2 in two transcriptomic datasets totaling 1503 liver cancersand 47 non-tumor samplesand in tissue microarrays including 41 HCCs and five non-tumor samples by multiplex high-resolution confocal immunohistochemistryand quantitative image analysis.In liver cancers, wedetectedACE2 and TMPRSS2 at the biliary pole of tumor hepatocytes. In non-tumor livers, we identifiedACE2 in hepatocyte’s bile canaliculi, biliary epithelium,sinusoidal and capillary endothelial cells.Tumors carrying mutated β-catenin showedACE2 DNA hypomethylation and higher mRNA and protein expression, consistently with predicted β-catenin response sites in the ACE2 promoter.Finally, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 co-expression networkshighlightedhepatocyte-specific functions, oxidative stress and inflammation, suggesting a link between inflammation, ACE2 dysfunction and metabolic breakdown.
Management of Acute Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Related Complications During the First COVID-19 Wave
Authors: Dhillon Niku , Santiago Cynthia
Published: August 2021

Background. Routine hospital eye services (HES) and diabetic retinal screening were paused during COVID lockdown in March 2020. Alternate pathways for managing acute ophthalmic pathology were devised in NHS Grampian: Emergency eye treatment centres (EETC) manned by community optometrists were set up to treat and triage referrals to HES. Methods. Retrospective study analysing patients referred to HES with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) related complications between March and August 2020. Results. 52 eyes of 46 patients with PDR related complications were identified. HES appointment had been delayed or cancelled in 43% due to COVID. Mean age was 54.5 years (± 15.1), 46% were female, 46% had type 1 diabetes; mean HbA1c was 78 mmol/l (± 18.7). Vision ranged from 6/6 to perception of light. 36 patients had unilateral vitreous haemorrhage (VH), 6 bilateral, 2 tractional retinal detachments and 3 had neovascular glaucoma. Following assessment, 23 eyes received anti-VEGF injection within 3 days, two had PRP on the same day, 16 were rebooked for urgent PRP, 13 referred for urgent surgical review and 17 advised observation. After a mean follow-up of 6 months, 12 eyes (23%) of 11 patients progressed to have vitrectomy. Conclusion. Despite lockdown, hospital appointment cancellations and recommended footfall reduction limiting capacity due to COVID19, patients reaching out with PDR complications were promptly referred to HES and appropriate treatments carried out with COVID precautions as recommended.
Rampant transposition following RNAi loss causes hypermutation and antifungal drug resistance in clinical isolates of a human fungal pathogen
Authors: Priest Shelby , Yadav Vikas , Roth Cullen , Dahlmann Tim , Kueck Ulrich , Magwene Paul , Heitman Joseph
Published: August 2021

Microorganisms survive and compete within their environmental niches and avoid evolutionary stagnation by stochastically acquiring mutations that enhance fitness. Although increased mutation rates are often deleterious in multicellular organisms, hypermutation can be beneficial for microbes in the context of strong selective pressures. To explore how hypermutation arises in nature and elucidate its consequences, we employed a collection of 387 sequenced clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans. This fungal pathogen is responsible for ~ 15% of annual AIDS-related deaths and is associated with high mortality rates, attributable to a dearth of antifungal drugs and increasing drug resistance. Isolates were screened for the ability to rapidly acquire antifungal drug resistance, and two robust hypermutators were identified. Insertion of the non-LTR Cnl1 retrotransposon was found to be responsible for the majority of drug-resistant isolates. Long-read whole-genome sequencing revealed both hypermutator genomes have two unique features: 1) hundreds of Cnl1 copies organized in subtelomeric arrays on both ends of almost all chromosomes, and 2) a nonsense mutation in the first exon of ZNF3, a gene encoding an RNAi component involved in silencing transposons. Quantitative trait locus mapping identified a significant genetic locus associated with hypermutation that includes the mutant znf3 allele, and CRISPR-mediated genome editing of the znf3 single-base pair nonsense mutation abolished the hypermutation phenotype and restored siRNA production. In sum, hypermutation and drug resistance in these isolates results from loss of RNAi combined with subsequent accumulation of a large genomic burden of a novel transposable element in C. neoformans.
PEG-fDAO Reduces Lung Inflammation in Chronic Granulomatous Disease Mice Post Challenge With Nonviable Candida Albicans
Authors: Nunoi Hiroyuki , Xie Peiyu , Nakamura Hideaki , Aratani Yasuaki , Fang Jun , Nishimura Toyoki , Kataoka Hiroaki , Maeda Hiroshi , Matsukura Makoto
Published: August 2021

We previously reported that polyethylene glycol-conjugated recombinant porcine D-amino acid oxidase (PEG-pDAO) could supply reactive oxygen species (ROS) to defective NADPH oxidase in neutrophils of patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), and neutrophils regain bactericidal activity in vitro. In the present study, we employed an in vivo nonviable Candida albicans (nCA)-induced lung inflammation model using gp91-phox knockout CGD mice and novel PEG conjugates of Fusarium spp. D-amino acid oxidase (PEG-fDAO), rather than PEG-pDAO. Using three experimentation strategies with the in vivo lung inflammation model, the mouse body weight, lung weight, and lung pathology were evaluated to confirm the efficacy of ROS-generating enzyme replacement therapy with PEG-fDAO. The lung weight and pathological findings were significantly ameliorated by the administration of PEG-fDAO followed by intraperitoneal injection of D-phenylalanine or D-proline. These data suggest that PEG- fDAO with the function of targeted delivery to the nCA-induced inflammation site is applicable in the treatment of inflammation in CGD in vivo.
A New Approach for Reducing Pollutants Level: A Longitudinal Cohort Study of Physical Exercises in Young People
Authors: Xu Yujuan , Gao Hongliang , Du Zhixiang , Liu He , Cheng Qi , Zhang Furong , Ye Juan , Wang Aiqing , Dou Yanjun , Ma Bei , Zhao Ningwei , Zhu Feng , Xu Xianlin , Shen Ning , Wu Jing , Xue Bin
Published: August 2021

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the elimination of three common pollutants (dimethoate, benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and bisphenol A (BPA) by different physical exercises and to assess the possible factors which could affect the pollutants elimination. Methods: A total of 200 individuals who chose different kinds of exercises in accordance to their own wish were recruited. The levels of urinary pollutants were measured using β-glucuronidase hydrolysis followed by a high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry-based method.Results: Totally, the levels of dimethoate, BaP and bisphenol A were reduced after physical exercises. However, the elimination of BaP in male was higher than that in female but the elimination of bisphenol A in female was higher than that in male. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the degree of HR change was a protective factor affecting the improvement effect of dimethoate, BaP and bisphenol A while BMI (body mass index) was a risk factor. Nevertheless, sex was a risk factor affecting the improvement of dimethoate and BaP but had a lower efficacy on bisphenol A improvement.Conclusion: The present findings indicate that physical exercises can be considered as a novel approach to eliminate pollutants level in human body and can also give suggestions for choosing specific physical exercises to male and female individuals. Moreover, those who are with higher BMI need to lose weight before eliminating pollutant level through physical exercises.
Chip-to-Chip High-Dimensional Teleportation via A Quantum Autoencoder
Authors: Zhang Hui , Wan Lingxiao , Haug Tobias , Mok Wai-Keong , Cai Hong , Shi Yuzhi , Chin Lip Ket , Karim Muhammad , Xiao Limin , Lo Guoqiang , Luo Xianshu , Gao Feng , Dong Bing , Assad Syed , Kim Myungshik , Kwek Leong Chuan , Liu Ai Qun
Published: August 2021

Quantum teleportation transfers unknown quantum states from one node in a quantum network to another. It is one of the crucial architectures in quantum information processing. The teleportation of high-dimensional quantum states remains challenging due to the difficulties in executing high-dimensional Bell state measurement. Here, we propose a Quantum Autoencoder-Facilitated Teleportation (QAFT) protocol for high-dimensional quantum teleportation, and report the first demonstration of QAFT on qutrits using an integrated photonic platform for future scalability. The key strategy is to reduce the dimension of the input states by erasing redundant information and reconstruct its initial state after chip-to-chip teleportation. Machine learning is applied in training the autoencoder to facilitate the teleportation of any state from a particular high-dimensional subspace and achieve the reconstruction of the unknown state (by the decoder) with high fidelities (~ 0.971). Experimentally, we teleport unknown qutrits by generating, transferring and manipulating photons, and training quantum autoencoders on a silicon chip. A teleportation fidelity of ~ 0.894 is demonstrated. Our scheme opens pathway towards quantum internet and cryptography to transfer unmeasured states in a quantum computer. It also lays the groundwork for machine learning technologies in quantum networks and quantum computations.
Expanded Noninvasive Prenatal Testing for Chromosomal aneuploidies and Copy Number Variants in a Cohort of 16128 Single Pregnancies
Authors: He Jing , Feng Xuan , Wang Xing , Zhang Qinghua , Zheng Lei , Lin Pengwu , Hao Shengju
Published: August 2021

Background: Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is based on second-generation genomic sequencing technology to scan cell-free fetal DNA originating from the placenta in maternal plasma. As the depth of sequencing increases, it can be used to focus on chromosomal aneuploidies, copy number variants (CNVs), and monogenic diseases. It can significantly improve the accuracy of prenatal screening and reduces the number of invasive testing.Methods: In this study, we retrospectively analyzed 16128 naturally conceived singleton pregnancies who underwent expanded NIPT to calculate the true positive rate (TPR) of chromosomal aneuploidies and CNVs, and analyzed the potential influence of maternal sex chromosome abnormalities (SCAs) and maternal CNVs on expanded NIPT results.Results: After invasive prenatal diagnosis and follow-up, 103 pregnancies were found to be true-positive, including 73 cases of chromosomal abnormalities and 30 cases of CNVs. The TPR of T21 was 84.62%, T18 was 50.00%, T13 was 22.22%, SCA was 34.06%, and CNVs was 40.28%. In addition, we found that the positive rate of aneuploidies increased with maternal age and that maternal SCAs accounted for 13.33% of the 60 false positive cases of SCAs.Conclusion: Expanded NIPT showed high sensitivity and specificity in detecting diseases of chromosomal abnormalities. It also shows good performance in detecting CNVs, but maternal SCAs and CNVs confused some NIPT results, indicating it is still necessary to study the potential maternal influence on expanded NIPT results and to report related clinical validation studies.