bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VGLUT3 Deletion Rescues Motor Deficits and Neuronal Loss in the zQ175 Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease
Authors: Ibrahim Karim S. , El Mestikawy Salah , Abd-Elrahman Khaled S. , Ferguson Stephen S.G.
Published: April 2023

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor and cognitive impairments, with no disease-modifying therapies yet available. HD pathophysiology involves evident impairment in glutamatergic neurotransmission leading to severe striatal neurodegeneration. The vesicular glutamate transporter-3 (VGLUT3) regulates the striatal network that is centrally affected by HD. Nevertheless, current evidence on the role of VGLUT3 in HD pathophysiology is lacking. Here, we crossed mice lackingSlc17a8gene (VGLUT3–/–) with heterozygouszQ175knock-in mouse model of HD (zQ175:VGLUT3–/–). Longitudinal assessment of motor and cognitive functions from 6 to 15 months of age reveals that VGLUT3 deletion rescues motor coordination and short-term memory deficits in both male and femalezQ175mice. VGLUT3 deletion also rescues neuronal loss likely via the activation of Akt and ERK1/2 in the striatum ofzQ175mice of both sexes. Interestingly, the rescue in neuronal survival inzQ175:VGLUT3–/–mice is accompanied by a reduction in the number of nuclear mutant huntingtin (mHTT) aggregates with no change in the total aggregate levels or microgliosis. Collectively, these findings provide novel evidence that VGLUT3, despite its limited expression, can be a vital contributor to HD pathophysiology and a viable target for HD therapeutics.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDysregulation of the striatal network centrally contributes to the pathophysiology of Huntington's disease (HD). The atypical vesicular glutamate transporter-3 (VGLUT3) has been shown to regulate several major striatal pathologies, such as addiction, eating disorders, or L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Yet, our understanding of VGLUT3's role in HD remains unclear. We report here that deletion of theSlc17a8(Vglut3) gene rescues the deficits in both motor and cognitive functions in HD mice of both sexes. We also find that VGLUT3 deletion activates neuronal survival signaling and reduces nuclear aggregation of abnormal huntingtin proteins and striatal neuron loss in HD mice. Our novel findings highlight the vital contribution of VGLUT3 in HD pathophysiology that can be exploited for HD therapeutic management.
Abnormal tank emissions in the Permian Basin identified using ethane to methane ratios
Authors: Caulton Dana R. , Gurav Priya D. , Robertson Anna M. , Pozsonyi Kristen , Murphy Shane M. , Lyon David R.
Published: April 2023

There has been increasing interest in quantifying methane (CH4) emissions from a view toward mitigation. Accordingly, ground-based sampling of oil and gas production sites in the Permian Basin was carried out in January and October 2020. Molar ethane to methane ratios (EMRs) were quantified, which may be used to distinguish emissions from particular sources, such as produced gas and oil tank flashing. The geometric mean EMR for 100 observations was 18 (±2)%, while source specific EMRs showed that sites where emissions were attributed to a tank produced much higher EMRs averaging 47%. Sites with other noticeable sources such as compressors, pneumatics, and separators had lower and less variable EMRs. Tanks displayed distinct behavior with EMRs between 10% and 21% producing CH4 emissions >30× higher than tanks with EMRs >21%. This observation supports the hypothesis that high emission rate tank sources are often caused by separator malfunctions that leak produced gas through liquids storage tanks.
ATP‐induced conformational change of axonemal outer dynein arms revealed by cryo‐electron tomography
Authors: Zimmermann Noemi , Noga Akira , Obbineni Jagan Mohan , Ishikawa Takashi
Published: April 2023

Axonemal outer dynein arm (ODA) motors generate force for ciliary beating. We analyzed three states of the ODA during the power stroke cycle using in situ cryo‐electron tomography, subtomogram averaging, and classification. These states of force generation depict the prepower stroke, postpower stroke, and intermediate state conformations. Comparison of these conformations to published in vitro atomic structures of cytoplasmic dynein, ODA, and the Shulin–ODA complex revealed differences in the orientation and position of the dynein head. Our analysis shows that in the absence of ATP, all dynein linkers interact with the AAA3/AAA4 domains, indicating that interactions with the adjacent microtubule doublet B‐tubule direct dynein orientation. For the prepower stroke conformation, there were changes in the tail that is anchored on the A‐tubule. We built models starting with available high‐resolution structures to generate a best‐fitting model structure for the in situ pre‐ and postpower stroke ODA conformations, thereby showing that ODA in a complex with Shulin adopts a similar conformation as the active prepower stroke ODA in the axoneme.
Epigenetic escape of immunosurveillance by malignant cell precursors
Authors: Galassi Claudia , Galluzzi Lorenzo
Published: April 2023

Newly formed malignant cells must escape immunosurveillance to generate progressing neoplastic lesions of clinical relevance. Recent data indicate that the immunogenicity of nascent cancer cells, at least in some settings, is dictated by inherent epigenetic mechanisms rather than by immunoediting and the consequent Darwinian selection of poorly immunogenic phenotypes.
Nursing students' perceptions of teaching health care to LGBTQIA+ people
Authors: Araujo Willian Martins de , Borges Flávio Adriano , Lima Janaína Ferreira de , Silveira Walkiria Jéssica Araújo , Souza José Francisco Sampaio , Stofel Natália Sevilha , Carlos Diene Monique
Published: April 2023

Objective: to analyze nursing students' perceptions about their professional training for health care of LGBTQIA+ people. Methods: qualitative study, conducted with 19 nursing students through semi-structured interviews. Data were processed and worked through lexical analysis using IRaMuTeQ® software.  Results: the textual corpus gave rise to two categories: professional nursing training on health of LGBTQIA+ people (subdivided into: curricular spaces addressing health of LGBTQIA+ people and Formative deficits for health care of LGBTQIA+ people) and Extracurricular spaces of professional training on health of LGBTQIA+ people (subdivided into: informal and extracurricular learning on health of LGBTQIA+ people and Work context and autonomy in learning about LGBTQIA+ health). Conclusion: addressing the health of LGBTQIA+ people in the training of nurses needs to expand beyond specific classes, which demands the creation of spaces within the curricular matrices that address the specificities required by this population, without, however, relegating them to extracurricular activities. Contributions to practice: problematization of the training of nurses for the health care of LGBTQIA+ people.
Perros de patas cortas en una ciudad del México prehispánico
Authors: Valadez Azúa Raúl , Rodríguez Galicia Bernardo
Published: April 2023

Hasta el momento se han reconocido seis tipos de cánidos domésticos dentro de la civilización mesoamericana. Uno de ellos se caracterizaba por poseer miembros cortos. Fue registrado por primera vez en 1994, aunque el número de individuos reconocidos, solo dos, limitó la comprensión de su papel como raza de perro; sin embargo, en recientes años se descubrieron 19 especímenes correspondientes a 11 individuos en el sitio de Teopancazco, dentro de la ciudad prehispánica de Teotihuacan (siglos I a.C. – VI d.C.). Estos restos aparecieron en contextos relacionados con actividades de manufactura y manipulación de organismos con fines artesanales, dirigidos principalmente hacia la producción de atavíos de sacerdotes y artículos ligados a actividades rituales, esquema de uso hasta ahora desconocido para los perros prehispánicos, pero que promueve la idea de que se trató de ejemplares utilizados como materia prima en los trabajos de manufactura ahí reconocidos.
The Current State of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Protocols at Children’s Hospitals
Authors: Willer Robert J. , Brady Patrick W. , Tyler Amy N. , Treasure Jennifer D. , Coon Eric R.
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVES

To describe the current state of non-ICU high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) protocols at children’s hospitals and explore associations between HFNC protocol type and utilization outcomes.

METHODS

We performed a cross-sectional study of the Pediatric Health Information Systems (PHIS) database. First, we designed a survey with the purpose of classifying HFNC protocols used at hospitals currently contributing data to PHIS. Next, we categorized hospitals based on their current HFNC protocol (ICU only, age-based non-ICU, or weight-based non-ICU). Finally, using the PHIS database, we compared hospital characteristics and patient-level bronchiolitis outcomes by HFNC protocol group.

RESULTS

We received survey responses from 36 of 44 (82%) hospitals contributing data to PHIS in 2021. During the time period studied, there was a steady increase in adoption of non-ICU HFNC protocols, with 71% of responding children’s hospitals reporting non-ICU HFNC protocols in 2021 compared with 11% before 2010. No differences in hospital characteristics were observed between ICU-only hospitals, age-based hospitals, or weight-based hospitals. Age-based hospitals had the highest proportion of bronchiolitis patients treated in the ICU (36.1%), whereas weight-based hospitals had the lowest proportion of patients treated in the ICU (21.0%, P < .001). Length of stay was longer at age-based hospitals (2.9 days) as compared with weight-based and ICU-only hospitals (1.9 days, P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

Most children’s hospitals have adopted non-ICU HFNC protocols for patients with bronchiolitis, the majority of which are now utilizing weight-based maximum flow rates. Weight-based HFNC protocols were associated with decreased ICU utilization compared with age-based HFNC protocols.
Uma análise comparada de duas perspectivas de Nietzsche sobre o conceito de bem socrático-platônico
Authors: Pedroza Vieira Ricardo
Published: April 2023

Este ensaio compara, principalmente, dois textos de Nietzsche, que apresentam duas visões aparentemente contraditórias sobre o conceito socrático- platônico de Bem, a saber, a nota póstuma NF 1888 14 [146] e o aforismo encontrado em Humano, Demasiado Humano, 102. Investigaremos por que Nietzsche faz afirmações aparentemente desconexas e o que isso sinaliza sobre seu caminho de pensamento e o conceito de perspectivismo.
Kajian Historis Tafsir Falsafi
Authors: Syam Ishmatul Karimah , Alfathah Suryana , Zulaiha Eni , Ahmad Khader
Published: April 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menelaah corak tafsir falsafi meliputi sejarah kemunculan tafsir falsafi, batasan tafsir falsafi, perdebatan ulama tentang tafsir falsafi, dan kitab-kitab tafsir yang bercorak falsafi. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan melalui studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan sejarah dan tafsir. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa Tafsir Falsafi adalah salah satu corak penafsiran yang menggunakan teori-teori dan pendekatan filsafat. Sejarah kemunculan corak falsafi ini bermula pada dinasti Abbasiyah dimana pada kekhalifahan Al-Manshur, banyak sekali buku-buku filsafat yang diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Arab sehingga menyebabkan masuknya kajian-kajian filsafat ke dalam dunia Islam terkhusus pada khazanah penafsiran Al-Quran. Adapun batasan dalam tafsir falsafi meliputi pembahasan-pembahasan seputar filsafat seperti wujud tuhan, sifat-sifat Allah, dan juga terkait ayat-ayat mutasyabihat. Corak tafsir falsafi tentunya menuai pro dan kontra, di antaranya yang menolak adalah karena corak falsafi menggunakan akal dan teori-teori filsafat yang bertentangan dengan ajaran dan aqidah Islam. Adapun yang mendukung adalah karena mereka menganggap ada titik temu antara filsafat dengan agama dan juga tafsir. Kitab-kitab yang bercorak falsafi di antaranya adalah kitab Fushus Al-Hikam karya Al-Farabi, Rasail Ibnu Sina, Rasail Ikhwan As-Shafa, Mafatih Al-Ghaib karya Fakhrudin Ar Razi dan Tafsir Al Mizan karya Thabathaba’i. Penelitian sederhana ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat besar bagi para pengkaji Al-Quran dan tafsirnya.
Finite element calculation of an elliptical cylinder in a geometrically nonlinear formulation using the vector form of the interpolation procedure
Authors: Klochkov Yu. V , Dzhabrailov A. Sh , Ishchanov T. R , Marchenko S. S , Andreev A. S , Klochkov M. Yu
Published: April 2023

The article describes the developed algorithm for calculating the strength parameters of a thin shell in the form of an elliptical cylinder, taking into account shear deformations in a geometrically nonlinear setting. The numerical finite element method (FEM) was used as a research tool. An algorithm for the formation of the stiffness matrix and the column of nodal forces at the loading step was developed using two versions of the interpolation procedure. In the first version, the standard for FEM interpolation of individual components of the step vector of displacement and the components of the step vector of the angles of rotation of the normal was implemented through the nodal values of the corresponding components. In the second version, the developed vector form of the interpolation procedure was used, in which the interpolation expression was written directly for the step vector and the step vector of the normal rotation angles. As a result of the implementation of the vector form of the interpolation procedure, alternative standard interpolation expressions containing the parameters of the used curvilinear coordinate system were obtained. The element of discretization of the elliptical cylinder was a four-node fragment of the middle surface with nodal variable parameters in the form of components of the step vector of displacement, their first derivatives, as well as the component of the step vector of the angles of rotation of the normal. On the example of calculating an elliptical cylinder in a geometrically nonlinear formulation, loaded in the middle of the span with a concentrated force, a comparative analysis of two variants of the interpolation procedure was carried out. It was shown that when calculating elliptical cylinders in a curvilinear coordinate system in a geometrically nonlinear formulation, it is necessary to apply the developed vector form of the interpolation procedure. The use of the standard FEM form of interpolation of the unknown unknowns made it possible to obtain correct results only in the case of a circular cylinder.
Solution of the plane problem of the theory of elasticity on bending of an articulated fixed multilayer panel with a circular axis
Authors: Bukaty S. A , Osadchy N. V
Published: April 2023

This article suggests a method for the solution of the plane problem of the theory of elasticity on the bending of an articulated fixed multilayered panel with a circular axis based on the polynomial approximation of displacements through the thickness of the panel. In contrast to the known solutions of this problem, in this case the coefficients of the approximating polynomials are calculated from the equilibrium conditions and equality of displacements and transverse stresses at the transition across the layer interface and solution of differential equations of equilibrium at several points through the thickness of the layers. Finally, the problem is reduced to the solution of a system of linear equations with respect to the coefficients of approximating polynomials. The validity of the method is confirmed by comparing the results of calculations obtained on its basis and the results obtained with the help of the reference finite element model. The problem is solved in two stages. At the first stage, for a single-layer panel, we investigate the dependence of the polynomial degree on the ratio of the average panel radius to its thickness and the ratio of the transverse shear modulus to the modulus of longitudinal elasticity, which characterize the nonlinearity of displacements. At the second stage, on the example of a three-layered panel, we consider the application of the proposed method for the calculation of multilayered panels. In such case, the results obtained at the first stage are used in selecting the initial degree of polynomials approximating displacements through the thickness of layers. The method proposed in this article makes it possible to obtain an analytical solution without introducing simplifying hypotheses about the nature of displacement of layers and their elastic characteristics in a wide range of variation in geometric dimensions and elastic characteristics of panel layers. This method can be used both for verification of numerical models and for carrying out strength calculations of multilayer panels.
Modal analysis of a hydrogen-damaged pipe as shell inhomogeneous on thickness
Authors: Filippenko G. V , Zinovieva T. V
Published: April 2023

Hydrogen corrosion of main gas and oil pipelines often leads to accidents. It is necessary to assess the life of hydrogen-weakened pipes. An inner layer with deteriorated mechanical characteristics is formed in them under pressure of hydrogen-containing medium. In the paper the calculation of free vibrations of such a tube taking into account the degradation of its material is performed. The tube is modeled as a bilayer cylindrical shell according to the classical theory. Influence of hydrogen-impacted layer is taken into account when calculating stiffnesses and displacement of neutral line of the shell. Three variants of averaging of parameters determining the stiffness of the shell are considered, numerical experiments are carried out and the natural frequencies of the shell are found. Comparison with calculations using the method of finite elements in the ANSYS software made it possible to estimate the degree of applicability of each version of averaging. The method of averaging Young's modulus over the thickness of the shell does not "feel" asymmetry of layers relative to the neutral line. The method of adding a correction for the neutral line radius of the shell works satisfactorily for axisymmetric and beam modes. The next more accurate approximation is to average the shell stiffnesses over its thickness with the reduced radius. This method allows us to obtain satisfactory results in a wide enough frequency range and for the modes related to the deformation of the shell cross section. A method for the principle reconstruction of the parameters characterizing the stiffness of the shell using three experimentally obtained fixed frequencies has been proposed. On the basis of these studies formulas are proposed which allow to reconstruct parameters of weakening of pipe material, as a result of hydrogen corrosion, both in thickness and in time from the frequency characteristics of the pipe.
STABILITY OF POSTCRITICAL DEFORMATION DURING TORSION OF THICK-WALLED CYLINDRICAL SOLID
Authors: Wildemann V. E. , Mugatarov A. I.
Published: April 2023

Ensuring the strength, reliability and safety of structures requires studying the issues of ine-lastic deformation zones occurrence and development which result from equilibrium accumula-tion of damages. Material postcritical deformation characterized by a decrease in the stress level during growing deformations is one of the damages accumulation effects. Application of postcritical deformation theory basic provisions to carry out structures refined strength analysis with additional deformation and strength reserves identification is expedient. Calculation of sof-tening processes stability related to loading systems rigidity is necessary. Consideration of analytical solutions where occurrence and development of softening zones are taken into account is expedient to illustrate main theoretical positions of postcritical defor-mation mechanics. The analytical solution to the hollow cylindrical solid torsion problem where material softening stage and loading system rigidity are considered is obtained. Two-link and three-link approximations of the complete material deformation diagram are considered. Dia-grams of shear stresses distribution over the cross-section are shown; various postcritical de-formation zones development scenarios existence is noted. Loading diagrams are built; torque maximum value dependence on material parameters and rod geometry is defined. The strength and deformation reserves of the structure are revealed. Conditions for complete loading diagram implementation are determined, the loading system rigidity influence is noted. Therefore, ration-ality and necessity of taking into account material softening stage and loading system rigidity in structural design are concluded.
SPECIFICS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ASYMMETRIC ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM ON ELLIPTIC CURVES
Authors: M. Kalynovych S. , G. Golovko V.
Published: April 2023

The use of information technologies has become an integral part of the modern world, and the internet has played a vital role in facilitating access to various services, from ordering food to obtaining government services. However, with the increased reliance on the internet, the issue of information protection has become more pressing than ever. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, remote work and online learning have become the norm, which has further emphasized the need for robust information protection mechanisms. One of the primary ways of ensuring information security is through the use of cryptographic algorithms. These algorithms have been in use for several decades and have provided an effective means of protecting sensitive information. However, with the exponential growth of computing power, the demands on these algorithms have increased, and some of them have become outdated and are no longer secure enough. As a result, there is a pressing need for the development of new cryptographic algorithms that use more complex mathematical principles to provide a higher level of security. One such class of algorithms that has gained popularity in recent years is elliptic curve cryptography. These algorithms use the principles of elliptic curves to provide greater security while using relatively fewer system resources. Elliptic curve cryptography has several advantages over other cryptographic algorithms. Firstly, it provides a higher level of security with shorter key lengths, making it ideal for use in devices with limited processing power and memory. Additionally, it offers greater resistance to attacks by quantum computers, which are expected to become more prevalent in the future. Moreover, elliptic curve cryptography has found applications in several areas, including secure communication protocols, digital signatures, and key exchange algorithms. These algorithms are part of the TLS protocol, which is used by the HTTPS protocol to ensure secure transmission of information over the Internet. The continuous development and integration of cryptographic algorithms into various information systems will be crucial for protecting against cyber threats in the future.
UNDOING GENDER: HOW YOUNG WOMEN DECIDE TO BECOME ENGINEERS
Authors: Blosser Emily
Published: April 2023

Numerous studies continue to explore the reasons for women's persistent underrepresentation in engineering education. While a large body of research has documented how the field's affiliation with masculinity deters women, rarely has sufficient consideration been given to asking women why they pursue engineering majors. Using data from 35 in-depth interviews with racially diverse women, I analyzed women's accounts of choosing engineering majors. Drawing on the sociological perspective known as undoing gender, I find that women describe how their families encouraged an interest in engineering by helping them challenge the connection between masculinity and engineering. The findings
also revealed how career advice from teachers is influential in shaping their choices. Contrary to research showing that engineering careers are often unattractive to women, women frame engineering as a profession befitting of their professional and future family plans. The findings suggest that engineering does appeal to women in certain contexts and provides implications and ideas for educators
and engineering outreach programs seeking to recruit women to the profession.
Silicosis: Marco para el estudio de la concordancia interobservador en el diagnóstico radiológico y el desarrollo de métodos de detección basados en inteligencia artificial
Authors:   Departamento de Imágenes Diagnósticas, Hospital Universitario Mayor - Méderi, Bogotá DC, Colombia., Rivera Aura , Velosa Andrés ,   Departamento de Imágenes Diagnósticas, Clínica Universitaria Colombia, Bogotá DC, Colombia., Caicedo Camilo ,   Departamento de Imágenes Diagnósticas, Clínica Universitaria Colombia, Bogotá DC, Colombia., Estrada Kelly ,   Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas, Bogotá DC, Colombia
Published: April 2023

La silicosis es un tipo de neumoconiosis que presenta alto subdiagnóstico y se encuentra asociada a múltiples complicaciones como tuberculosis, cáncer pulmonar, y enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. El diagnóstico por imagen se fundamenta en la tamización con radiografía de tórax y la confirmación por tomografía de alta resolución. Este artículo presenta la formulación de un proyecto de investigación que busca determinar el desempeño operativo de las imágenes radiológicas para el diagnóstico de la silicosis, así como la concordancia interobservador entre radiólogos con diferentes grados de experiencia en imagen torácica, en la valoración de imágenes diagnósticas de pacientes con silicosis, también la justificación para el desarrollo de un algoritmo de inteligencia artificial para la detección de los hallazgos en radiografía de tórax. Este artículo es un proyecto de investigación que busca impactar en el diagnóstico radiológico de la silicosis. Un artículo marco que expondrá la relevancia de esta patología y la necesidad de incidir positivamente en su diagnóstico, y establecerá la metodología que se llevará a cabo para obtener los resultados esperados; se describirán respectivamente, los resultados obtenidos del cálculo del desempeño operativo de las imágenes radiológicas en el diagnóstico de silicosis, la concordancia interobservador entre dos radiólogos con diferente grado de experiencia en dos hospitales universitarios de referencia en Colombia; y la exactitud diagnóstica de un algoritmo de inteligencia artificial diseñado para este fin.
AÇLIK VE KITLIK BAĞLAMINDA DOĞAL AFETLERİN ŞER’Î HÜKÜMLER ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: ÇALIK Bünyamin
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmamızda açlık, kıtlık ve doğal afetler sebebiyle insanların hal ve durumlarında oluşacak sıkıntılarda ve meşakkatlerde, İslam hukukundaki hükümler üzerinde meydana gelebilecek değişiklikler incelenecektir. Özellikle günümüzde şahit olduğumuz bazı İslam ülkelerinde meydana gelen açlık ve kıtlık durumlarını dikkate aldığımızda böylesi bir çalışmanın faydalı olacağı kanaatindeyiz.

İnsanoğlunun tarih boyunca en büyük endişelerinden birini açlık sorunu oluşturmuş; yoksulluk, sefalet ve ölümle birlikte açlık “mahşerin dört atlısı”ndan biri sıfatıyla anılır olmuştur.

Açlık, kıtlık ve doğal afetler, tabiatın iç ve dış dinamikleri sonucunda ve insan iradesi dışında veya insan faktörü ile oluşan ve insan yaşamını derinden etkileyen olaylardır. Açlık, kıtlık ve doğal afetler dünyanın oluşumundan itibaren tüm canlı ve cansız fiziki ve yaşamsal olarak en çok etkileyen ve çaresiz bırakan olaylar olmuşlardır.

Toplumsal boyutta, gıda güvencesinin yetersizliği ve açlık nedeniyle birçok sorun ortaya çıkmakta, ülkesel huzursuzluklar oluşmakta ve savaşlar olmaktadır.

Aslında israf edilmeden kullanılması halinde, yeryüzünün kaynakları bugünkü dünya nüfusundan çok daha fazlasını beslemeye yeterlidir. Sanayi devriminden sonra ortaya çıkan gelişmeler; tarımda makineleşme, gübreleme, ilaçlama ve sulama imkânlarının gelişmesi gibi nedenlerle tarımsal üretimdeki verimlilik inanılmaz ölçülerde artmıştır. Yeryüzünde tarıma elverişli topraklar sınırlı olmasına rağmen, verimlilik artışları sayesinde birim araziden elde edilen ürün miktarı büyük oranda artırılabilmektedir.

Bu çalışma konusu Hz. Peygamber döneminde ve takip eden yıllarda da yaşanan açlık ve kıtlık gibi afetlerde İslam hukuku üzerinde ne gibi etkileri olduğunu tespit etmektir.
Contributions to the taxonomy and faunistics of the spongillafly genus Sisyra Burmeister, 1839 (Neuroptera: Sisyridae)
Authors: Szőke Viktória
Published: April 2023

A new faunistic record and the description of a new species of Sisyra Burmeister, 1839 (Neuroptera: Sisyridae) are presented in this paper: Sisyra bureschi Rausch et Weißmair, 2007 is reported for the first time from Sweden, and Sisyra mononoke sp. nov. is described from India, Kashmir. Additionally, Sisyra flavicornis Comstock, 1918, a species described from India, is proposed to be removed from Sisyra.
Análisis comparativo de la movilidad sustentable en la CDMX y Santiago de Chile
Authors: Robles-Andrade Elias , Soto-Flores María del Rocío , Muñoz-Sánchez Christian
Published: April 2023

La movilidad sustentable es una de las asignaturas pendientes en las metrópolis que aspiran a desarrollarse en un escenario propio de las ciudades inteligentes, de conformidad con la Agenda 2030 y los Objetivos para el Desarrollo Sostenible. La presente investigación aborda la movilidad en la Ciudad de México y en Santiago de Chile, mediante un análisis comparativo de las políticas públicas y los instrumentos normativos nacionales y locales que abordan los aspectos generales de las metas u objetivos para mitigar el cambio climático y transitar a un esquema de movilidad sustentable. Con un enfoque cualitativo y un alcance exploratorio y descriptivo, en la investigación se busca evidenciar las disimilitudes, convergencias y oportunidades que tienen las dos ciudades para arribar a dicha transición. Esto, en un contexto en el que el Reporte Global de Brecha de Emisiones evidencia que México no está en el camino ni siquiera de cumplir con sus propias metas en la materia y que los países de América Latina, en general, no están haciendo los esfuerzos suficientes para mitigar las emisiones en sectores altamente estratégicos. Tanto México como Chile se caracterizan por promover, firmar y ratificar los tratados internacionales sobre la reducción de emisiones de GEI, y han incorporado los acuerdos en su marco normativo y esquemas de planeación. Sin embargo, en el nivel de ejecución, se aprecia la falta de instrumentos totalmente efectivos.
Betonarme binalarda düzensiz çerçeveleşmenin yanal ötelemeye etkilerini bulmak için yeni bir yaklaşım
Authors: KARACA Hakan , AYDIN Ersin , SEVERCAN Metin Hakan
Published: April 2023

Yapıların yanal performanslarının analitik çözümlere gerek duyulmadan doğru öngörülebilmesi yapısal tasarımcı ve de mimar için çok fazla deneyim gerektiren uzmanlık işidir. Bilgi ve deneyime dayalı bu öngörünün daha doğru ve kesine yakın olacak şekilde güçlendirilmesi için yeni bir tahmin algoritmasına gerek vardır. Bu bağlamda, çalışmada, betonarme yapılarda kolonların yerleşim düzensizliğinin sayısallaştırılması için kolon yoğunluğu haritası kavramı geliştirilmiş, düzensizliğin sayısallaştırılması sayesinde de kolon yerleşim düzensizliği ile maksimum çatı katı ötelemesi arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Kolonların plandaki yerleşim düzensizliğinin ötelemelerde artışa neden olacağı bilinmekle birlikte düzensizlik oranı ile öteleme arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak için seçilen bir tam düzenli model üzerinde farklı kolon düzensizlikleri olan 16 adet model geliştirilmiştir.

Doğrusal tepki-spektrum çözümlemeleriyle ile doğrusal olmayan itme analizleri yapılarak bütün modeller için kat ötelemeleri, taban kesme kuvvetleri hesaplanmış, ayrıca doğrusal yöntemle, dışmerkezlik, kütle katılım oranları ve ana salınım periyotları gözlemlenmiştir. Kısaca, düzensizliğin sayısallaştırılması hem mimari hem de yapısal açıdan tasarımcıların elini daha çok güçlendirebilecek yeni bir yaklaşım olmakla birlikte, deneyime dayalı öngörünün bir ileri aşaması olarak geliştirilen bu algoritma, tasarımcılar için bir değerlendirme aracı olarak kullanılabilecektir.
Algılayıcı ve biyomalzeme üretiminde eklemeli imalat
Authors: KARTAL Yunus , DAŞ Memik Taylan
Published: April 2023

Gelişen teknolojiyle beraber, Eklemeli imalat tekniği önemi her geçen gün daha farklı alanlarda kullanımı artan imalat alanlarından birisi konumuna gelmiştir. Eklemeli imalat üretilecek olan nesnenin tabaka tabaka üretilmesi/serilmesi prensibine dayanan yöntemdir. Eklemeli imalat yöntemi karmaşık şekilli parçaların üretilebilmesi, maliyet, üretim hızı gibi üstün özellikleri nedeniyle havacılık, otomotiv ve biyomedikal olmak üzere farklı endüstrilerde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Sahip olduğu bu avantajlar nedeniyle yakın gelecekte çıkarımlı imalat yöntemlerinin yerini alması beklenmektedir. Farklı alanlardaki yaygın kullanımı nedeniyle tarama çalışmalarının incelenmesi başlığın güncel ilerlemesini izleyebilmek adına önem göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, giyilebilir teknoloji alanında özellikle algılayıcılar ve biyomalzemelerin eklemeli imalat yöntemiyle üretimi üzerine mevcut gelişmelerinin aktarılması amaçlanmıştır.
Zn-Al-Mg alaşım ile çelik tellerin kaplanması ve kaplama karakterizasyonunun incelenmesi
Authors: AYMAN Teslime , ORHAN Ayhan
Published: April 2023

Gelişen teknolojik dünyada korozyona karşı koruma için kullanılan standart galvaniz ve galfan kaplamalar yerini daha yüksek korozyon direncine sahip kaplamalara bırakacaktır. Dünyada bu bağlamda; farklı element ilaveleri ile oluşturulan sıcak daldırma galvaniz alaşım banyoları ile özellikle çelik sac için çalışmalar yapılmış ve ticari boyuta kazandırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada; ağır çevresel koşullarda dahi yüksek korozyon direnci gösterecek Zn-Al-Mg alaşımlarının geliştirilmesi ve soğuk çekilmiş çelik tel yüzeylerine sorunsuz bir şekilde kaplanarak çelik tellerin sınırlı korozyon ömürlerinin uzatılması için araştırma ve deneme çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kaplama kalitesinin belirlenmesi için Zn, Zn-Al ve Zn-Al-Mg alaşım kaplamalı numuneler için mikro yapı analizi, tuz sisi testi ve potentiostat analizi gerçekleştirilmiş olup, plastik şekil vermeye uygunluk için sarma testi yapılmıştır ve sonuçlar birbiri ile kıyaslanmıştır. Mg elementinin %1 oranında eklenmesi korozyon direncini önemli derecede arttırmaktadır. ASTM B 117 standartı çerçevesinde en yüksek korozyon direnci Zn-%5Al-%1Mg alaşım kaplamada +3000 saat olarak elde edilmiştir. Potentiostat testi sonrası %100 Zn içeren kaplama numunesinin açık devre potansiyel değerinin diğer numunelere göre en yüksek korozyon hızına sahip olduğu; elde edilen korozyon hızı değerleri karşılaştırıldığında en düşük korozyon hızının (en yüksek korozyon direnci değerinin) Zn-%5Al-%1Mg içeren kaplama numunesine ait olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Çatı ve saçak eğim açısının beşik çatılı alçak binalar üzerindeki basınç dağılımına etkisi
Authors: ÖZMEN Yücel , KOPUZ Yunus
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada, çatı eğim açısının 15°, 30° ve 45° ve saçak eğim açısının 0°, 15°, 30°, 45° ve 60° olduğu beşik çatılı alçak bina modelleri etrafında sürekli rejimdeki üç boyutlu akış alanları, Reynolds sayısının 40000 değeri için Standard k-ε, RNG k-ε ve Realizable k-ε türbülans modelleri ile hesaplanmıştır. Çatı ve saçak eğim açılarındaki değişikliğin basınç dağılımları üzerindeki etkisi model yüzeylerinde ortalama basınç katsayısı dağılımları şeklinde incelenmiştir. Sayısal çözümlerde rüzgar geliş açısı 90° olarak dikkate alınmıştır. Bina modellerindeki geometrik değişiklikler yüzey basınç dağılımlarında farklılık oluşturmaktadır. Yüzey basınç dağılımlarındaki belirgin farklılıklar çatı ön yüzeylerinde ve saçak yüzeylerinde ortaya çıkmaktadır. En kritik negatif pik basınç katsayıları 15° eğimli çatıların sırtlarında oluşmakta ve saçak eğim açısı arttıkça ön saçak üzerinde ve çatı sırtında oluşan pikler arasındaki fark azalmaktadır. Üç farklı türbülans modeliyle hesaplanan sayısal sonuçlar birbirine yakın olmaktadır.
Endüstri 4.0 kapsamında beyaz eşya sektöründe dijital dönüşüm yetkinliğinin MACBETH ve EDAS yöntemleriyle değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AKMAN Gulsen , KOKUMER Zeynep
Published: April 2023

Beyaz eşya sektöründe Türkiye’nin özellikle stratejik bir konumda olması, yerli ve yabancı birçok üretici için cazip hale gelmiştir. Önemli bir üretim ve ihracat pazarı niteliği taşıyan bu sektöre hizmet veren büyük çaplı firmalar kadar ana üreticileri besleyen KOBİ’lerin de üretime sağladıkları katkı dolayısıyla ana sanayi ile paralel olarak gelişmeleri kaçınılmazdır. Özellikle teknolojik gelişmelerden derinden etkilenen beyaz eşya sektöründe faaliyet gösteren firmaların Endüstri 4.0 dijital dönüşüm yolculuğunda başlangıç noktalarını belirlemeleri başarılı bir dönüşüm için atılması gereken ilk adımdır. Bu çalışmada, firmaların dijital dönüşüm yetkinliklerinin ölçülmesi amacı ile bir sistem tasarlanmıştır. Dört ana kriter, yirmi üç alt kriterden oluşan değerlendirme yaklaşımı ile beyaz eşya sektöründe faaliyet gösteren yedi firma belirlenen kriterlere göre puanlanarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden MACHBETH ve EDAS kullanılarak firmaların dijital dönüşüm yetkinliklerinin ölçülmesi hedeflenmiştir. Sonuçta firmaların dijital dönüşümün daha başında oldukları belirlenmiştir.
first-workflow-Playarists v1
Authors: Ghasempouri Ali
Published: April 2023

In this study, we present a comprehensive workflow to assess the coverage of publications in Social Science and Humanities (SSH) journals indexed in ERIH-PLUS and their Open Access status according to the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). The workflow utilizes three data sources: ERIH-PLUS, OpenCitations Meta, and DOAJ. The application of this workflow results in a dataset containing detailed information on SSH publications, including their disciplines, countries of origin, and Open Access status. Each step of the methodology enriches the dataset with new variables and insights. The output of this workflow includes discipline and country rankings, as well as visualizations to effectively communicate the findings. By following this step-by-step approach, researchers can better understand the landscape of SSH publications, identify trends in disciplines and countries, and evaluate the prevalence of Open Access in the field.
The Effect of Thixoforming Process on The Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg Alloy
Authors:   Programme for Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Engineering Materials and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU) Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Samat Saziana , Omar Mohd Zaidi ,   Programme for Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Engineering Materials and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU) Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Mohamed Intan Fadhlina ,   Programme for Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Engineering Materials and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU) Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Muhammad Aziz Ahmad ,   Programme for Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Engineering Materials and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU) Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
Published: April 2023

Forming of metals in their semi-solid state is one of the options for producing near net shape parts. It can produce a strong and highly reliable product. Al-Si-Cu-Mg casting alloy is commonly used in automotive engine components which is now widely used in the semi-solid processing. The main physical properties of the aluminium alloy and alloying element content such as silicon, copper and magnesium, plays an important role in determining the mechanical properties of the alloy. In this paper, the effect of the formation process of Al-Si-Cu-Mg permanent die casting alloy and the thixoforming process has been investigated towards the evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties. Compound phases, shapes and morphology of the two processes were compared. The porosity effect was examined at permanent die castings and thixoforming process. The result of image analysis showed significant change of the thixoforming process of α-aluminum solid phase structure in spherical shape. Size and morphology, as well as the uniformity of the silicon eutectic phases and intermetallic compound distributions of Al2Cu, Al5Fe Si and Al15(Mn,Fe)3Si2 changed due to the compression during thixoforming process. Thixoforming process of the Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy exhibit the lowest percentage and microporosity area thus proved that porosity issue significantly reduced during the aluminium alloy solidification process in thixoforming process . The tensile properties of thixoformed alloy improved significantly with its ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation to fracture at 193MPa, 163MPa and 1.6%,respectively.
Climate Change Awareness and Adaptations Among the Farming and Animal Rearing Communities of the Central Sokoto Close-Settle Zone, North-Western Nigeria
Authors:   Social, Environmental and Developmental Sustainability (SEEDS) Research Centre, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Magaji Jibrillah Abubakar , Jaafar Mokhtar ,   Social, Environmental and Developmental Sustainability (SEEDS) Research Centre, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuok Choy Lam ,   Department of Geography, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Published: April 2023

General consensus almost exists amongst scholars across many fields that climate change is a reality, its impacts are already with us and no part of the world or group of people are immune from its impacts. In facts, during recent decades scholars are busy assessing its impact now and in the foreseeable future. Within the fragile dryland ecosystem of Sokoto in the North-western part of Nigeria, some of the immediate impacts of climate change includes declining rainfall, increasing temperature and extreme weather events such as droughts, severe windstorms, heat waves and flooding among others. These presents some serious threats to both the natural ecosystem and people depending on the ecosystem for their livelihood particularly crop farmers and livestock pastoralists that constitutes over 70% of the inhabitant of the area. Under this kind of situation, the need for increasing awareness about the causes, impacts, mitigation and adaptation to climate change cannot be over emphasised particularly among farmers and herdsmen due to the high sensitivity of their livelihood sources to climate change. Using a semi-structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions and simple statistical techniques, this research tries to investigate the level of climate change awareness and adaptation strategies among farmers and herdsmen in the Sokoto Close-settled Zone of North-western Nigeria. The result revealed a fair level of awareness of climate change particularly amongst the youth in the area.  Some climate change adaptation strategies in the area and their implications were also discussed while recommendations on the way forward provided.
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO VIETNAMESE UNIVERSITY LECTURERS’ BURNOUT IN ONLINE EMERGENCY CLASSROOMS AMIDST THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: NGUYEN Thuan Minh Hoang , DO Thu Hoai Thi , NGUYEN Quang Nhat
Published: April 2023

This large-scale study aimed to investigate the impacts of underlying factors on lecturers’ burnout in emergency online classrooms during the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. The study attracted the participation of 399 lecturers who are conducting online emergency classrooms from 30 universities and colleges across Vietnam. Data analyses with EFA, CFA, and SEM indicated that such factors as support resources, anxiety towards emergency online teaching and Coronavirus, lecturer’s technological and pedagogical content, and knowledge significantly impacted their burnout levels. In contrast, no significant difference in burnout states was found between lecturers with different demographic features, including different genders and their residence. The results from this study also suggested critical pedagogical implications for higher education leaders and administrators to prepare emergency online classes for sustained education in times of crisis.
DISHONESTY IN ONLINE LEARNING: DISTANCE LEARNING PERSPECTIVES DURING PANDEMIC
Authors: PUTRA Pasca Dwi , ZAINAL Andri , THOHIRI Roza
Published: April 2023

Academic dishonesty has become a serious concern, particularly during the Covid-19 pandemic era, where online learning is left as a single option in almost all academic activities. Lack of graduate ethics has an impact on attitudes in the workplace. Therefore, it is important to introduce academic integrity to students in higher education to foster an attitude of honesty in the world of work, especially ethics. Online lectures encourage students to violate academic integrity due to the lack of direct interaction and administration. This study aims to see the level of academic dishonesty that occurs during online lectures. The research was conducted by the Faculty of Economics and Business, public and private universities. The number of samples is 431 students of economics and business. We examine the effect of lecture administration, lecturerstudent interaction, and learning satisfaction on the impact of academic dishonesty. The results showed that clear administration and good interaction between lecturers and students would increase student learning satisfaction and reduce academic dishonesty. But the satisfaction that students want to achieve does not have a significant effect on the level of academic dishonesty. Implications for practice are discussed and future research directions are offered.
QUASI-PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS
Authors: ALIEKSIEIEVA Hanna , PETUKHOVA Liubov , NESTERENKO Maryna , PETRYK Kristina , BERNÁTOVÁ Renáta
Published: April 2023

During the distance education process caused by COVID-19, students do not have sufficient opportunity to do pedagogical practice, which requires strengthening their practice-oriented component of learning in other forms. This article substantiates the relevance of quasi-professional educational environment in the system of professional training of future teachers, which implies the creating conditions at the university as close as possible to the realities of the teacher's work. The conditions which allowed to improve the graduates’ readiness to do their professional duties were developed and experimentally proven. The peculiarities of quasi-professional tasks based on imitation of real work situations, where student has no rules or samples for the completing, are revealed. In this way, they independently develop possible models for their behavior in similar situations, based on theoretical and methodological knowledge and skills. The effectiveness of the author's system of quasi-professional tasks aimed at the development of students' pedagogical thinking and their mastery of the experience of modeling lessons is presented and examined. They are represented by three groups: didactic, methodological and technological, each of which has a specific purpose. It allows to cover all the spheres of professional development of higher education students: motivational, cognitive-operational and reflexive.