bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Representaciones y actitudes sobre la escuela rural en Colombia : una mirada desde los estudiantes.
Authors: Ortega Mejía David Alberto , Meza Negrete Duley Cristina
Published: October 2021

La presente investigación tiene como propósito comprender las representaciones y actitudes que tienen sobre la escuela los estudiantes de la Institución Educativa Morindó Santafé, ubicada en la zona rural de Montería - Colombia. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cualitativo de tipo etnográfico y los participantes fueron treinta estudiantes de los diferentes niveles escolares. Las técnicas utilizadas fueron la observación y el cuestionario. Los resultados develan que el conocimiento construido socialmente alrededor de la escuela está asociado a diversas concepciones, que muestran a la escuela como un segundo hogar, un lugar para aprender, para ser mejor persona y divertirse. En cuanto a las creencias, la escuela se convierte en el espacio que por excelencia permite formarse académicamente y que además ofrece una educación para ser mejores personas en términos axiológicos y que los forma para la vida. Como conclusión, es de destacar que la escuela se consolida como una institución de elevada relevancia para la vida de los sujetos, por cuanto no solo constituye un espacio concreto dotado de significados y emociones, sino que también encierra una serie de expectativas y objetivos por cumplir que determinan en parte, el futuro de los estudiantes.
ANALISIS DAMPAK PENGELUARAN PEMERINTAH DI BIDANG PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP PDB PER KAPITA: SPENDING MORE OR SPENDING BETTER
Authors: Rifa'i Achmad , Moddilani Ganiko
Published: October 2021

Government spending is the first way to create quality human resources through budget allocation commitments in the education sector. In turn, a labor market filled with quality human resources will encourage welfare and productivity and it will impact the national economy. This study aims to analyze the relationship of government spending in education to the aggregate welfare proxied using GDP per capita. This study used time-series data 1980-2018 from World Development Indicators (WDI) World Bank. Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is employed to analyze the government spending in the education sector to the welfare. Empirically, the findings of this study reveal that government spending in the education sector affects aggregate welfare with a little magnitude. The issue of equity and disparity in fiscal capacity among regions is the main matter. On the other side, Geographic, social, cultural, and population conditions are challenges that must be solved by the government.
Internal audit in the enterprise economic security management: important aspects
Authors: Budnyk L. , Blazhei I. , Ronska O.
Published: October 2021

Effective management of the enterprise financial and economic activities is based primarily on the application of a set of relevant and reliable data concerning its financial status, provided by internal audit procedures. The factors arising interest in internal audit, such as: streamlining business processes; the need to obtain independent and objective information on the state of affairs; ensuring the economic security of the company are identified in this paper. In order to substantiate the tasks of internal audit for ensuring the economic security of the enterprise, the main sources of threats and objects of protection investigated in the process of internal audit are defined. It is substantiated that one of the important tendencies in the development of internal audit is the increase of its level from the tester of control procedures to the analyst of the most important risks. The functions of internal audit in ensuring the security of the company are analyzed. They include: assessment of the economic security system as a whole and providing information to the board of directors and senior management; participation in the implementation of the enterprise security process procedures. A new and important direction for internal audit development – audit of corporate culture is defined. The main tasks of internal audit in this area are to assess how effective measures are provided in the company for the purposeful formation of corporate culture; how the existing level of corporate culture is assessed. Recommendations for the organization of internal audit are given, the following three main approaches are highlighted: creation of own internal audit service; use of services of outsourcing companies; co-sourcing – the division of functions for internal audit in the company between its own service and the involvement of external experts in solving certain tasks. It is proved that the need to introduce internal audit meets the requirements of economic security of the enterprise, information and management needs of economic entities, the specific facts of the internal audit. It is substantiated that internal audit is an integral part of quality control of enterprise management processes and a component of general audit, organized in the interests of owners and regulated by regulations on compliance with the established order of economic activity, property protection and economic security.
Fabrication of Transparent Composites from Pinaceae Wood Packaging Residues
Authors: Thang Nguyen Hoc , Huyen Nguyen Thuc Boi
Published: October 2021

In the 21st century, mankind has witnessed the rapidly development of all industries with a lot of new products in a variety of types and designs. However, this development has been also causing many problems with the society and the ecological environment such as a wasteful excess of products, exhaustive exploitation of natural resources, indiscriminate deforestation, and waste pollution affecting the living environment, ecosystem, and human health. Many organizations and governments are calling for environmental protection, limit waste emissions, and find good solutions to use the recycled materials as raw materials in production plants. This study would like to provide a solution which not only utilizes waste packaging Pinaceae wood for recycling as raw material but also supplies to the market with a green product responding to the durability requirements in fact. Pinaceae wood packaging residues were chemically processed through two stages. The amount of lignin extract from Pinaceae was determined by the method of Tappi 222 om-02 which was significantly influenced by the extraction parameters such as temperature, time and concentration of the treatment solution. Morphological modification of wood materials was analyzed by SEM micrographs. In particular, the mechanical properties of the Epoxy/TPW2 composite green material have been significantly improved with increasing up to 206–540 % compared to the original Pinaceae wood. The optical properties of the wood have completely changed from opaque pine wood with the optical transmittance of 8 % into transparent composite material with the optical transmittance up to 85 % using UV-vis spectroscopy analysis.
“Saucy Stink”: Smells, Sanitation, and Conflict in Early Modern London
Authors: Logue Alexandra
Published: October 2021

This article examines olfactory offenses in early modern London. It explores how inhabitants managed causes of malodorous air, focusing on common nuisances stemming from everyday household practices like laundry and waste management. Clotheslines were hung up between lodgings, households disposed of kitchen waste in gutters overflowing with garbage, and neighbours used stinking, communal privies. Seasonal weather intensified the city’s poor air quality, and rainwater washed refuse into urban rivers. In the early seventeenth century, the growing awareness of the effects of air quality on health coincided with significant demographic changes in the city. Insalubrious air was intrinsically linked to increased migration, overcrowded neighbourhoods, and the spread of diseases. The improvement of the city’s air quality became a more immediate concern for Londoners, civic authorities, and the early Stuart monarchs, who deployed a range of sanitation strategies. As London grew, so too did concern for its inhabitants and the dwellings they occupied.
From Carnival to Pious City: Scenes of Urban Life in Leandro Bassano’s The Months
Authors: Moldovan Anca-Delia
Published: October 2021

This work examines the urban environment depicted by Leandro Bassano in his cycle of the Twelve Months during February and March, and the notable iconographic shift it presents with respect to the typical imagery of farming labours. Leandro represented the themes of Carnival in February and Lent in March, breaking up this otherwise agricultural calendar to introduce the division of time according to civic and religious rhythms. It is argued that this transformation in iconography occurred at the intersection of the reformed Roman Missal and the emergence of the commedia dell’arte. Finally, this article explores what the dialogic relationship between Leandro’s February and March conveys about the deeper cultural and seasonal experience of the Veneto city in the post-Tridentine context.
Communicative language teaching approach in the development of speaking skill
Authors: Oviedo Guado Nataly Giovanna , Mena Mayorga Jazmina Ivonne
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Oral communication is perhaps the most important skill while learning a foreign language. The conventional English teaching method that is applied at the different educational levels based on grammar and writing, does not allow the development of the necessary communication skills. The communicative teaching of language has been the subject of this research, in which its effectiveness has been treated using different resources and skills. Objective. This research aims to apply communicative language teaching activities to determine its effectiveness in the development of the speaking skill, in the second-year of Bachelor Education in a secondary institution in Riobamba, Ecuador. Methodology. A field, descriptive, prospective, longitudinal, quasi-experimental and quantitative research was carried out. The universe was made up of 94 students at that level. The sample equivalent to the universe was organized into two groups, one experimental and one control, with 47 students each. A diagnostic examination and a final test were applied for both groups, which during the time between both tests, followed different teaching-learning approaches. In the control group the traditional method was applied and in the experimental group, the communicative approach to language teaching. Results. The results showed that although both groups improved their performance in speaking, in the experimental group the increase in speaking ability was greater than in the control group. Conclusion. It was concluded that the application of communicative language teaching activities was effective in development of the speaking skill.
Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berbahasa Peserta Didik MAN 1 Mataram Melalui Pendekatan Konstruktivistik
Authors: Saputra Danu
Published: October 2021

This study aims to improve students' language skills through a constructivist approach at MAN 1 Mataram. This research method uses classroom action research. The subjects of this study were students of class XI IBB MAN 1 Mataram. Data collection techniques in this study used tests, observations, and questionnaires. While the data analysis technique is quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. From this research, it can be concluded that the constructivist approach can improve students' language skills. The success of using this constructivist approach is shown by 36 out of 41 students in class XI IBB MAN 1 Mataram who managed to score above the KKM. This exceeded the target set before the study was conducted, which was 33 people. In addition, the percentage of students who chose to agree with positive statements related to language skills was 76%, exceeding the target set by 75%.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE REPAIR SYSTEM OF AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLES OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE
Authors:   The National academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, Buryak P. , Parkhomchuk �. ,   The National academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, Buryak Ye. ,   Military Institute of Tank Troops of the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute"
Published: October 2021

In the military units of the National Guard of Ukraine, a system for repairing automotive vehicles has been introduced, which provides for current, secondary and overhaul repairs. Maintenance of machines is carried out in order to eliminate malfunctions arising from the use of machines, and allows the replacement of individual units, including the main one. The average repair consists in the replacement or overhaul of not more than half of the main units. Overhaul restores the life of the machine and should be carried out at specialized enterprises of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine or at other enterprises under contracts. Actually, in the military units of NGU, only current repairs are carried out. This is due to the high cost of overhaul and its low quality. Therefore, for the military units of the NGU, a diagnostic and recovery system for repairing automotive vehicles is proposed, including two types of repair: maintenance and restoration. The essence of maintenance repair consists in eliminating malfunctions, violations of adjustments during the operation of the machines according to the inspection, listening ? diagnostics with built-in and external diagnostic devices. Reconditioning repair consists in carrying out repair operations related to disassembling, troubleshooting, mechanical or other processing of component parts, assembling units, assemblies, testing them, and, if necessary, replacing them with new or repaired ones. Maintenance and repair repairs of automotive equipment are carried out only if there is a need for their implementation. It is proposed to establish ten parameters of the diagnostic and recovery system for the repair of automotive equipment at NGU and determine the life of the machine only before being discarding. The procedure for determining the number of machines that must be written off and get new ones to increase the non-reduced resource in each operation group is given.
�NALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF MINE EXPLOSION IN THE 120 mm MORTAR BARREL
Authors:   The National academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, Chernichenko Yu. , Zabula O. ,   The National academy of the National Guard of Ukraine
Published: October 2021

Recently during the operation of mortars by appointment mortality rates increased as a result of explosion of mines in the mortar barrel. The construction of a mortar can not be the reason for the destruction of the mortar barrel during firing in a proper technical condition of the mortar, mines and the execution by the personnel of the rules of operation of the mortar complex. The reason for undermining the mine in the mortar barrel can have subjective and objective factors. Subjective factors (SF) are considered as factors that are related to the actions of the service stuff, and the objective factors (OF) are the factors that are associated with external influence on the mortar complex, with the features of the use of the mortar complex. Let's consider the reasons for explosion of mines in the mortar barrel and develop recommendations for their elimination during the operation of mortar complexes. The reasons of double charge are, first of all, the violation by the personnel of the mortar calculation of the rules of exploitation of the mortar complex and security measures during shooting, the failure of the fuse from double charging, the malfunction of the shooting equipment, the technical and qualitative state of the barrel and mines. The causes of misfires can be divided into two groups: the first one - misfires, which depend on the technical state of the mortar; the second one is miscible, which depends on the technical condition of the mine. The first group of faults is achieved through timely and quality maintenance and repair of a mortar. The elimination of malfunctions of the second group is also achieved through timely quality control of the technical condition of the mine (laboratory tests of blowers, maintenance and repair of mines). The reasons that lead to the explosion of mines in the mortar barrel mostly are subjective factors. First of all, to eliminate them, it is necessary to fundamentally change the system of technical training of mortgage experts, commanders of mortar units. Personnel who do not know the design of a mortar, mines, do not have skills in dealing with a mortar, violate security measures during firing must avoid firing. To improve or develop a more reliable double-charge fuse or refuse it, thereby simplifying the design of the mortar by analogy with foreign samples. To approach the drawing up of acts of a technical condition of mortars objectively before admitting to firing. To introduce effective control of the technical condition (suitability for use) of mines and blowers.
Developing payment for ecosystem service schemes for coastal aquaculture in southwestern Taiwan
Authors: Chen JL , Hsiao YJ , Chuang CT
Published: October 2021

Taiwan’s aquaculture farms are mostly established along intertidal zones and coastal land areas, and their presence may affect coastal ecosystems and their ecosystem services (ESs). Payments for ecosystem services (PES) represent a potential method of enhancing the provision of ESs for coastal aquaculture; thus, their feasibility should be discussed. In this study, we conducted focus group interviews to identify issues and collect information about coastal aquaculture in southwestern Taiwan, and we developed a PES framework for coastal aquaculture based on our findings. The identification of ESs and the inclusion of a market design (e.g. pricing, incentive, and conditionality) in a PES scheme might be key factors for successfully transforming aquaculture into an ES provider. PES schemes could be applied to coastal oyster farming in Taiwan, and coastal oyster farmers who adopt eco-friendly aquaculture should receive subsidies to secure revenues. The findings presented here will provide important reference information for policy makers and managers to design a feasible PES scheme for coastal resource management.
Efektifitas Bimbingan Pra Nikah Bagi Calon Pengantin Sebagai Upaya Pendukung Terwujudnya Keluarga Sakinah Mawaddah Warahmah (Studi Kasus pada BP4 KUA Kecamatan Bantar Gebang Kota Bekasi)
Authors: Iqbal Fauzi Muhammad , Supriyanto Agus
Published: October 2021

This study analyzed the implementation of pre-marital guidance at BP4 KUA Bantar GebangDistrict, Bekasi City. This research is descriptive qualitative field research. The method used in thisresearch is sociological juridical. Research Location at the Marriage Preservation and DevelopmentAdvisory Board (BP4) Bantar Gebang District, Bekasi City. Data collection techniques by interview,documentation, and literature study. The results of the study show that the Marriage Guidance andPreservation Agency (BP4) of Bantar Gebang District, Bekasi City has not optimally carried outits role as a supervisor, facilitator, communicator, mediator, and conflict in marriage disputes torealize the BP4 goal of enhancing the quality of marriage to create a sakinah family according to theteachings Islam. Problems faced by clients at BP4 Bantar Gebang Subdistrict, Bekasi City that causedisputes in marriage are infidelity problems, interference from parents or siblings, marriage at a youngage, economic problems, mild-hands husbands, drunken spouses, prostitutes and gamblers, spousesleaving the wife does not come home again, has no children, quarrels, the husband gets a physicaldisability or disease, the way to solve it is BP4 Bantar Gebang District, Bekasi City starting with goodintentions, sincerity, showing empathy, respect, secret Klein, sensitivity seeking root problem solvingas well as guiding and advising clients.
Analisis Manajemen Risiko Pembiayaan Murabahah di PT BPRS Artha Madani Kantor Pusat Bekasi
Authors: Fawziyah Zahrina Wardatul , - Isfandayani
Published: October 2021

Risk management is an important effort that must be made by Islamic Banking to minimize risk.This research is a qualitative research and the methods used are interviews, documentation, andobservation. The research objective was to determine the types of risks in murabahah financing andthe strategy of PT. BPRS Artha Madani in overcoming these risks and to find out the analysis of theimplementation of risk management strategies carried out by PT. BPRS Artha Madani Head OfficeBekasi.Based on the results of the study it is known that the risk management strategy analysis of PT.BPRS Artha Madani using Bank Indonesia Regulation No. 13/23/PBI/2011 and 5 C principles consistof Character, Capacity, Capital, Collateral and Condition of Economy. However, despite implementingthe risk management strategy, banks continue to experience risks, namely in the form of: credit risk(in Islamic banks called as financing risk), operational risk and legal risk due to bank internal factorsin analyzing and external factors from customers.. PT. BPRS Artha Madani in resolving troubledfinancing with intensive billing, reprimand to customers if they do not fulfill their obligations, make arestructuring by rescheduling, reconditioning and restructuring if the financing can still be normalized.However, if there is no hope and the Customer is not able to, then the solution is guaranteed that canbe auctioned through litigation or non-litigation channels.
Efektivitas Program Perumahan Bersubsidi Pada Produk KPR BTN Sejahtera iB (Studi Kasus: Bank Tabungan Negara Kantor Cabang Syariah Bekasi)
Authors: Rahayu Fuji , Rahmawati Rafika
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine “The Effectiveness of the Subsidized Housing Programon KPR BTN Sejahtera IB Products (Case Study: Bank Tabungan Negara Bekasi Sharia BranchOffice)”, this research includes field research (field research) with qualitative methods and supportedby library research (library research). ) relating to the effectiveness of the subsidized housing programon KPR BTN Sejahtera IB products. Data collection techniques for this study consisted of observation,interviews, and documentation. As well as data analysis techniques for this thesis research usingtechniques: data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Measurement of effectiveness,seen from three factors, namely: first, convenience, second, target accuracy, and third, affordability.Based on the results of the research, it shows the effectiveness of the subsidized KPR program, namelythe convenience factor because the requirements, processes, forms of service, and administrative costshave been effective and affordable because it is easy for the public to obtain information about KPRBTN Sejahtera IB at Bank Tabungan Negara Bekasi Sharia Branch Office, monthly installments. ,details and total costs during the contract that are not burdensome, payment facilities have helpedcustomers, and there are no sanctions or fines if they experience arrears in payments every month,while the ineffectiveness is seen in the factor of the accuracy of targeting because many customerswho take the subsidized housing program are not occupied but only for investment. Therefore, it mustbe improved in all its aspects in order to produce optimal effectiveness for the subsidized housingprogram on the KPR BTN Sejahtera IB product at the Bekasi Sharia Branch Office State Savings Bank.
Pertimbangan Hakim Dalam Menetapkan Itsbat Nikah di PA Bekasi (Studi Analisis Nomor 010/Pdt.P/2018/PA.Bks).
Authors: - Afifuddin , Hambali Yoyo
Published: October 2021

This study describes the procedure for requesting a marriage determination at the Bekasi ReligiousCourt, as well as analyzing judges’ considerations in deciding a marriage determination case. Thisresearch is a field research, using descriptive methods. To find the results of this study, the researcherstook several steps, namely data collection, data processing, data analysis, and drawing conclusions.From the results of this study it can be concluded that the judges considerations refer to, 1) LawNumber 1 Year 1974 Article 2. 2) Government Regulation Number 9 Year 1975. 3) Articles 14 and7 paragraph 3 letter E Compilation of Islamic Law. 4) the book “I’anatut Tholibin volume 10, page254. In addition, the Judge is also flexible in seeing other factors for the benefit and legal certaintyof the petitioners. The procedure for requesting a marriage determination at the Bekasi ReligiousCourt is the same as the procedure for filing other cases, which are registered at the Religious Court.What distinguishes only the Application Conditions. Meanwhile, the results of the case of marriagedetermination that have been signed (with permanent legal force) can be used as evidence for theparties to register and register their marriage with the Marriage Registration Officer (PPN), at theOffice of Religious Affairs where the husband and wife live.
Perkawinan Sebagai HAM
Authors: Amin Ash Shabah Musyaffa
Published: October 2021

This study analyzes same-sex marriage and interfaith marriage in the perspective of HumanRights and Islamic Law. This research is a library research using the juridical-normative approachand descriptive analysis data. The results of the study show that same-sex marriage by nature hasagainst the nature of human life that is born to establish mental and biological bonds between theopposite sex, namely between men and women. The Positive Legal Review emphasizes that in theMarriage Law, it is stated that marriage is a physical and spiritual bond between a man and a womanto form a family or household and to carry on offspring and aim at upholding religious teachingsand carrying out customs. On the other hand, Islamic religious law also explicitly prohibits same-sexmarriage. As for the relation to interfaith marriage, if it is legalized, it is a violation of the constitution.Article 29 of the 1945 Constitution states that the State is based on the One Godhead (paragraph 1).The state guarantees the freedom of every resident to embrace his own religion and worship accordingto his religion and belief (verse 2). This article clearly states that the State guarantees every citizento practice his religious teachings. One form of freedom of religious worship is manifested in theimplementation of marriage. Religion regulates the procedures for marriage, including what is allowedand not done. Six religions recognized in Indonesia reject interfaith marriage. The legalization ofinterfaith marriage means that the government does not respect the prevailing rules in religion.
A nyelvi agresszió kutatásának aktualitása és társadalmi jelentősége
Authors: Pap Kinga
Published: October 2021

A nemzetközi kutatások fényében állíthatjuk, az erőszak körébe tartozó jelenségek és ezek hatása legérzékenyebben a gyermek- és fiatalkorúakat érinti. Az erőszakos magatartás, a zaklatás, az agresszív beszéd legkülönbözőbb formái jelen vannak az intézményes nevelés közösségeinek, szereplőinek életében. Ugyanakkor az is tény, hogy szavakkal jóval gyakrabban bántják egymást az iskola szereplői, mint tettleg. Hatásukkal, következményükkel éppen ezért számolni kell. A középiskolás-korúak nyelvi agressziójának interdiszciplináris keretekben mozgó nyelvészeti leírása ezért nélkülözhetetlenné vált. Ennek elméleti bevezetőjét tartalmazza ez a tanulmány.
ACL INJURY AND RETURN TO SPORT
Authors:   Marin Barleti University of Tirana. Department of sport. Tirana, Albania, Meta Dorian , Mazniku Ilia ,   Marin Barleti University of Tirana. Department of sport. Tirana, Albania
Published: October 2021

We followed 110 patients who had sustained an acute traumatic Haemarthrosis for a mean of 60 months. The arthrometer measurements within 90 days of injury revealed the injured knee was stable in 35 patients and unstable in 75. Thirty-five unstable patients had an ACL reconstruction within 90 days of injury. Surgical procedures performed >90 days after injury included ligament reconstruction in 35 patients. Factors that correlated with patients who had late surgery for a meniscal tear or an ACL reconstruction < (P 0.05) were preinjury hours of sports participation, arthrometer measurements, and patient age. Follow-up data are presented for the patient’s divided into four groups: I, early stable, no reconstruction; II, early unstable, no reconstruction; III, early reconstruction; and IV, late reconstruction. No patient changed occupation because of the knee injury. Hours per year of sports participation and levels of sports participation decreased in all groups. Joint arthrosis was documented by radiograph and bone scan. Joint surface injury abnormalities observed at surgery and meniscal surgery showed greater abnormalities by radiograph and bone scan scores (P< 0.05). Reconstructed patients had a higher level of arthrosis by radiograph and bone scan. Anterior cruciate ligament injuries are common. The biggest the number of these injuries occur in sports activities, mainly those that involve deceleration, torsion, shear, and jumping movements. In a study on football team injuries in Albania, reported 2.4 injuries per year on an Albanian university football squad. Many patients remain disabled for sport afterwards an ACL injury; others appear to have minimal damage. Some patients develop secondary and degenerative meniscal ttaears knee arthritis; others show little joint deterioration. Few studies have documented the incidence of late meniscal tears after an ACL injury. Due to the variability of patient impairment after ACL injury and the lack of documentation that ACL surgery prevents degenerative arthritis, controversy over indications for ligament surgery. Moreover, a large number of patients do not often follow the entire functional rehabilitation process. The purpose of this prospective study was to document the outcome of the patient with ACL injury and the search for factors identifiable immediately after the injury correlating with a greater risk of functional impairment, secondary meniscus tears and joint arthrosis.
Electrochemistry of Today: Achievements, Problems and Prospects
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Omelchuk A.O. , Linyucheva O.V. , Pоhorenkо Yu.V. , Frolenkova S.V.
Published: October 2021

The collective monograph has been prepared based on the materials of presentations at the IX th Ukrainian Congress on Electrochemistry, dedicated to the foundation of the VI.Vernadskii Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, which was held on September 21-23, 2021. The leading place among the presented materials is occupied by the results of research aimed at creating novel functional materials, namely metal oxide and oxide composites with tailor-made functional properties, catalysts, and electrocatalysts, novel functional electroplated coatings, electrode and electrolyte materials for electrochemical power sources and supercapacitors, valuable inorganic compounds, metal and carbon nanophases, corrosion inhibitors. The research in electrochemical materials science is inseparably linked with the solution of the problems of electrochemical power engineering, such as the creation of new current sources, including hydrogen generators, solar- to- electrical energy converters, as well as environmental protection and finishing of metal surfaces. The scientific trend of electrochemical materials science is contributing to the investigations of the electrochemical aspects of extracting some refractory metals from natural raw materials and their purification. A logical addition to the presented materials is the results of research aimed at solving some fundamental problems of electrochemistry, which include: molecular dynamic simulation of the transport properties of ionic molecular systems, analysis of size effects in electrochemical processes, prediction of the structure of some water-soluble ionic liquids, etc. The presented materials outline achievements, urgent problems, and prospects оf modern electrochemistry in Ukraine and the world.
How is using of the Indonesian Banking Environmental Disclosure with GRI?
Authors: Amelia Rizky Windar , Wicaksana Aditya Pandu , Zulvina Desi , Sulistyowatie Syska Lady
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine how the differences in environmental disclosure in conventional banking with Islamic banking using the GRI index. This study found that conventional banking has a higher environmental disclosure than Islamic banking. In addition, the results of this study state that the disclosure of the Islamic banking environment is more representative when using the ISR index when compared to the GRI index. The data used are in the form of annual reports and sustainability reporting of conventional banking companies and Islamic banking listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019. The data analysis technique used in this study is content analysis and statistical tests to confirm the results. Keywords: environmental disclosure, GRI index, ISR index, Indonesian Banking
TÜRK SİYASAL HAYATINDA ARİF HİKMET YURTSEVER VE BİNGÖL
Authors: KARATAŞ İsrafil
Published: October 2021

Cumhuriyet Senatosu’nda Bingöl’ü temsilen en uzun süre görev yapmış olan Dr. Arif Hikmet Yurtsever, 1925 yılında Bingöl’de doğmuştur. Bingöl’de 10 yıl hekim olarak çalıştıktan sonra 1966 yılındaki üçte bir senato yenileme seçimlerinde, Adalet Partisi’nden aday olmuş ve seçimleri kazanarak 1975 yılına kadar senatörlük görevini devam ettirmiştir. Bu süre zarfında Yurtsever, başta Bingöl olmak üzere Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nin sorunlarını senatoya taşımış ve sorunlara çözüm bulmaya çalışmıştır. Aynı zamanda Türkiye’nin doğusunun kalkındırılmasının hayati derecede önemi olduğuna inanmış ve bunun için senatoda mücadele vermiştir. Kendi bölgesinin sorunlarının dışında ülkenin genel meseleleriyle de ilgilenmiş ve buna ilişkin görüşlerini açıklayarak hükümetlere önerilerde bulunmuştur.
Merkez sağ kimliğe sahip Yurtsever, siyasi hayatı boyunca benzer siyasi ideolojilere sahip birçok siyasi parti içerisinde yer almıştır. 1970 yılındaki parti içi çekişmelerin bir sonucu olarak Adalet Partisi’nin ihraç ettiği ilk isimlerden birisiydi. Adalet Partisi’nden ayrılanların ve ihraç edilenlerin bir araya gelerek kurduğu Demokratik Parti’nin 69 kurucusundan biri de kendisiydi. Demokratik Parti’nin dağılma sürecinde de kendi isteği ile kurucusu olduğu partiden ayrılmış ve bir süre bağımsız olarak siyaset yapmıştır. Birinci Milliyetçi Cephe Hükümeti’ne destek arayışlarının olduğu dönemde, Adalet Partisi’ne dönmüştür. 1975 senato seçimlerini kaybedince 1982 yılına kadar bir takım bürokratik görevlerde bulummuş ve ardından emekliye ayrılmıştır. Bingöl ve çevresinin kalkınmasına yönelik projelerini gerçekleştirmek için 1986 yılında Hür Demokrat Parti’den Bingöl milletvekili adayı olmuş, ancak seçimleri kazanamayınca projelerini gerçekleştirme fırsatını yakalayamamıştır.
Çalışmamızın amacı; Yurtsever’in siyasi faaliyetlerini ele alarak Türk siyasetindeki yerini ortaya koymanın yanı sora Bingöl ve çevresinin her alanda kalkınması için ortaya attığı fikirleri ve bunu hayata geçirmek için nasıl bir mücadele sürdürdüğünü detaylıca incelemektir. Çalışmada, arşiv belgeleri, resmi yayınlar, telif eserler ve gazete haberleri kullanılmıştır.
İPEK YOLU’NDA ÖNEMLİ BİR KAVŞAK, TEBRİZ (1236-1380)
Authors: TUYSUZ Şaban Cem
Published: October 2021

Tarihi M.Ö. VI. binli yıllara dayanan, İpek ve Baharat yollarını arşınlayan kervanların ve dünyayı keşfe çıkan gezginlerin durağı olmuş bir şehir Tebriz. Ticaretle uğraşıp farklı coğrafyalara açılmakla pekiştirdiği zengin tarihi, kültürel ve mimari birikimi ile Ortaçağ’ın hayranlık uyandıran şehirlerinden biridir. Yerleşim alanlarının oluşumunda, temelde iki etken rol vardır: ait olunan uygarlığın o şehre olan ihtiyacı ya da coğrafi konumun ona yüklediği rol. Tebriz daha çok bu ikinci kategori içinde değerlendirebileceğimiz merkezlerden biridir. Uzun bir tarihi geçmişe sahip olan Tebriz, özellikle XII. ve XVI. Yüzyıllar arasında sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik açıdan Ortaçağ’ın hayranlık uyandıran şehirlerinden biri olmuştur. Elbette, bu üne kavuşması kültürel ve ekonomik açıdan zenginleşmesi ile izah edilebilir. Bu gerçekliği de seyyahların gözünden Tebriz’i dinlediğimiz zaman kolaylıkla görürüz. İbn-i Battuta ve Clavijo’nun kayıtlarına göre bu merkezlerde dünyanın farklı bölgelerinden ve ülkelerinden getirilen mallar alınıp satılıyordu. Tebriz’de diğer ülkelerden gelen tüccarların barınması için özel kervansaraylar ve misafirhaneler bulunuyordu. Ticaret, ülke ekonomisinin büyük ve önemli gelir kaynaklarından birini oluşturuyordu. İlhanlılar ile Venedik ve Cenevizliler arasında gelişmiş olan ancak Ebu Said Bahadır Han’ın ölümünden sonra meydana gelen iç karışıklıklar nedeni ile kesilen ticari ilişkiler siyasi koşulların bir nebze de olsa düzelmesi sonucunda 1344-1345 yılında yeniden başladı. Daha sonraları 1356 yılında Celayirli tahtına oturan Sultan Uveys, Venedik ve Ceneviz ile ticari ilişkileri yeniden başlatmak üzere girişimlerde bulundu. Ayrıca kervan yollarının güvenliğinin sağlanacağını ve gelecek olan tacirleri en iyi şartlar altında kabul edeceklerini, onlardan eskiye nazaran daha az vergi alınacağını vaat etti. Bu çalışma ile Tebriz’in geçmişine bakarak, şehrin 1236-1380 dönemi Doğu-Batı ticaretindeki rolünü ortaya koymayı amaçladık. Bu düşünce ile Tebriz merkezli ticaret yollarının güzergâhları, İlhanlı dönemi devlet teşkilatında ticaretle ilgili devlet görevlileri ve devletin tüccar ve ticari faaliyetlerden aldığı vergilere de kısaca değinmeye çalıştık.
ESKİ TÜRKÇEDE TANIKLANAN ÖR KÖK BİÇİMİ ve ÖR KÖK BİÇİMİNDEN TÜREMİŞ GÖVDE BİÇİMLER
Authors: KARAMAN Ahmet
Published: October 2021

Dış dünyada var olan sayısız varlığın, kendilerini diğerlerinden ayıracak bir adı bulunmalıdır. Bir dil, sınırsız sayıdaki varlığa ad bulma konusunda temelde sesleri kullanır. Ancak bir dilin üretebileceği ses sayısının 45-50 dolayında olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu durumda dil, bünyesindeki sınırlı sayıdaki seslerden sınırsız sayıdaki kavrama ad bulma sorunuyla karşı karşıya kalır. Dil, bu sorun karşısında farklı yollara başvurur. Eski Türkçe döneminin her üç evresinde de tanıklanan ör kök biçimi, sözü edilen bu soruna karşı Türk dilinin kullandığı yöntemlerden kimilerinin görülebilmesi için açık bir örnektir. Çünkü ör kök biçimi öncelikle bir sesteş kök niteliğindedir. Hem ör adı hem de ör- fiili birden çok anlamı karşılamaktadır. Ör- fiilinin dokuz farklı anlamı karşılamasının yanında kimi tanıklamalarda mecazî bir anlatıma sahip olması ayrıca dikkat çekicidir. Bu durum, Türk dilinin daha o dönemden karşılaştığı sorunlara çözüm bulma konusundaki yeteneklerini gözler önüne sermektedir. Dahası Türk dilinin anlatım gücünü, anlamsal bağlantı çeşitliliğini, mecazlaşma ve soyutlama kapasitesini tanıklayan ör kök biçimi, etimolojisi konusunda belirsizlikler bulunan kimi gövde biçimin kaynağı konumundadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada ilk olarak ör kök biçiminin karşıladığı anlamlar, Eski Türkçenin söz varlığındaki tanıklamalarıyla sunularak ortaya konulacaktır. Daha sonrasında ise ör adı ve ör- fiilinden türediği değerlendirilen gövde biçimler, bünyesindeki eklerle birlikte gösterilecektir. Böylece etimolojisi konusunda tartışmalar bulunan kimi türemiş sözcüklere de etimolojik öneriler getirilmiş olacaktır.
Osmanlı Devleti Döneminde Mardin’de Modern Belediyecilik Faaliyetleri
Authors: TUNA Serhat Aras
Published: October 2021

Klasik dönemde Osmanlı kentlerinin beledi işlerinden kadılar ve vakıf müessesesi sorumluydu. 19. yüzyıl, kentlerin altyapı ve imar ihtiyaçlarının giderek arttığı bir döneme denk gelmektedir. Tanzimat modernleşmesiyle birlikte kent yönetiminden sorumlu yeni kurumlar hayata geçirilmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin ilk modern belediyesi başkent İstanbul’da kurulmuştur. 1864 Tuna Vilayet Nizamnamesi’ni takip eden gelişmeler ise Osmanlı taşrasında belediyeciliğin başlamasına vesile olmuştur. Modern belediyecilik daha çok liman ve ticaret kentleriyle özdeşleşmiştir. Kentlerin sosyal, ekonomik, coğrafi ve demografik yapısı belediyeciliğin niteliğini belirlemiştir. Mardin Belediyesi’nin kuruluşuna işaret eden en erken kayıtlar 1869 yılına aittir. Buna rağmen kaynaklarda bir süre belediyenin ismi geçmemektedir. Belediyenin faaliyetlerle anıldığı yıllar 1880 ve sonrasıdır. Mardin Belediyesi, yerel amillerin etkisi altında faaliyet yürütmüştür. Bu çalışma kapsamında Osmanlı arşiv belgelerinden Mardin Belediyesi tarihine dair bir örneklem oluşturulmuştur. Salnameler, süreli yayınlar ve diğer kaynaklardan da istifade edilmiştir.
PEMANFAATAN HASIL SAMPING PENGOLAHAN IKAN PEPEREK (Leiognathus equulus) MENJADI TEPUNG IKAN
Authors: Lunda Noviyanti , Ibrahim Moh Nuh , Suwarjoyowirayatno Suwarjoyowirayatno
Published: October 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan tulang, kepala dan jeroan terhadap uji organoleptik, uji proksimat dan uji mineral tepung ikan peperek. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari tiga perlakuan yaitu perlakuan A (tulang), perlakuan B (Kepala) dan perlakuan C (Jeroan) dan ulangan sebanyak empat kali. Kandungan kimia protein diuji dengan metode Spektofotometri, kadar karbohidrat diuji dengan metode karbohidrat total dan uji mineral kalsium diuji dengan metode peniteran subtitusi. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisa menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) pada taraf 95%, apabila terdapat beda nyata (P>0,05) maka dilakukan uji lanjut dengan uji DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) pada taraf nyata 95%. Hasil tertinggi untuk penilaian organoleptik meliputi kenampakan, bau dan tekstur terdapat pada perlakuan A, dimana memiliki nilai kenampakan 8,04, nilai bau 8,02 dan nilai tekstur 8,04. Hasil tertinggi pada uji proksimat meliputi kadar protein yaitu 31,51% dan kadar karbohidrat yaitu 0,032% dan nilai tertinggi untuk uji mineral meliputi kadar kalsium terdapat pada perlakuan A yaitu 0,54%. Kata Kunci: Tepung ikan, kepala, tulang, jeroan, ikan peperek AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of differences raw material (head, bone and viscera) onorganoleptic test, proximate analysis and calcium of peperek fish meal. This study use dacompletely randomized design (CRD) consisting of three treatments, A (bone), B (head) and C (Viscera) and four time replication. Observational data were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Varience) at the level of 95% (P>0,05), and continued with DMRT test (Duncan Multiple Range Test). There sult of this study for organoleptic test such as appearance, odor and texture were 8,04, 8,02, 8,04 respectively. Proximate analysis such as protein and  carbohidrat were  31,51 %  and 0,032 %  respctively. The  highest value  of calcium content is 0,54%.Key woard:, fiSh meal, bone, head, viscera, pererek fish
STUDI KUALITAS FISIKA-KIMIA DAN SENSORIK UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) DENGAN PERLAKUAN SOAKING TIME SEBELUM PEMBEKUAN
Authors: Rahmat Asriadi , Patadjai Andi Besse , Suwarjoyowirayatno Suwarjoyowirayatno
Published: October 2021

AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu perendaman terhadap kualitas fisik, kimia dan sensorik udang Litopenaeus vannamei. Sampel dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok berdasarkan supplier udang yang berbeda, kemudian dilakukan empat perlakuan waktu perendaman, sehingga penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK).Peningkatan berat badan, kadar air, TVB dan, nilai TMA, serta kualitas sensorik diukur selama proses perendaman. Kandungan proksimat diukur sebagai data pendukung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa level TVB dan TMA cenderung meningkat sepanjang waktu perendaman yaitu 5,56; 7.10; 9,60; dan 14,96 (mgN/100) untuk TVB sementara 2,8; 3.1; 3.7; dan 6,8 mgN / 100 untuk TMA. Persentase bobot tubuh cenderung meningkat terutama selama dua jam pertama, yaitu 9,7; 3.3; 0,7% untuk setelah 2, 4, dan 6 jam. Kadar air berturut-turut 79,09% (T0); 85,29% (T1); 74,64% (T2) dan 81,31% (T3). Kadar abu 25,96% (T0) dan 21,87% (T3), protein 58,87% (T0) dan 54,23% (T3), lemak 17,13% (T0) dan 21,90% (T3). Kata kunci: Bobot tubuh, Litopenaeus vannamei, ,TVB, TMA, waktu perendaman AbstractThis aim of this research was to determine the effect of soaking time on physical,  chemical and sensory quality of Litopenaeus vannamei. The samples collected were devided into three groups based on different farmer  as block then were treated by four defferent soaking time treatment, therefore the experiment was arrange under Randomized Block Design. Body weight increation, water content, TVB and, TMA value, also sensory quality were monitored during time soaking processing. Proksimate content was measured as supporting data. The result showed that both TVB and TMA level tend to increased along the extend of the time soaking which were 5.56; 7.10; 9.60; and 14.96 (mgN/100) for TVB while 2.8; 3.1; 3.7; and 6.8 mgN/100 for TMA. The body weight percentatively tend to increased especially during the firs two hours, which were 9.7; 3.3; 0.7% for after 2, 4, and 6 hour. Moisture content consecutively were 79.09% (T0); 85.29% (T1); 74.64% (T2) and 81.31% (T3).  Ash content were 25.96% (T0) and 21.87% (T3), protein were 58.87% (T0) and 54.23% (T3), Fat were 17.13% (T0) and 21.90% (T3). Key words: Body weight, Litopenaeus vannamei, TVB, TMA, soaking time
KARAKTERISTIK POKEA (Batissa violacea celebensis Martens 1897) ASAP DENGAN BAHAN PENGASAP YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Patadjai Andi Besse , Isamu Kobajashi Togo
Published: October 2021

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan bahan pengasap yang berbeda terhadap uji sensorik, proksimat, Polycylic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) pada pokea asap.Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan deskriptif yang terdiri dari Pokea asap dengan menggunakan bahan pengasap tempurung kelapa (A1), cangkang kelapa sawit (A2), tempurung kelapa dan cangkang kelapa sawit (A3). uji sensorik pada penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil pada pokea asap nilai aroma tertinggi yaitu 6,6 (A1), Warna tertinggi yaitu 7,3 (A1), Umami tertinggi yaitu 5,9 (A2), Saltiness tertinggi yaitu 5,6 (A1), Tekstur tertinggi yaitu 5,2 (A1) dan (A2).  Berdasarkan kandungan proksimat, kandungan kadar protein hasil tertinggi pada pokea asap dengan bahan pengasap cangkang kelapa sawit. Kandungan Polycyclic Aromatic Hidrocarbon kandungan (benzo(a phyrene) hasil terendah pada pokea asap dengan bahan pengasap            tempurung kelapa. Kata kunci: Pengasapan, Batissa violacea, tempurung kelapa, cangkang kelapa sawit AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluated the sensory quality, proximate content and Polycylic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)profile onsmoked pokea.This study used a descriptive design consisting of Pokea smoke using coconut shell smoked (A1), oil palm shells (A2), coconut shells and palm shells (A3). Sensory test in this study showed that the highest pokea value of smoke was 6.6 (A1), the highest color was 7.3 (A1), the highest color was 5.9 (A2), the highest saltiness was 5.6 (A1), The highest texture is 5.2 (A1) and (A2).  Based on the proximate content, the highest content of protein content in pokea smoke using oil palm shell as smoke source. The content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon content (Benzo(a)phyrene)is the lowest result in smoke pokea with coconut shell smoked.Key words: Smoking, Batissa violacea, coconut shell, palm oil shell