bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction and validation of a predictive model for the risk of postoperative malnutrition in patients with gastric cancer: A retrospective case-control study
Authors: Dai Tian , Wu Dequan , Tang JingJing , Liu Zeyan , Zhang Miao
Published: June 2022

Background: This study analyzed the influencing factors of malnutrition in patients with gastric cancer three months after operation, and established a multi-dimensional risk model to predict postoperative malnutrition. Methods: The clinical data of gastric cancer patients hospitalized for the first time and receiving laparoscopic surgery in the general surgery department of our hospital were retrospectively analyzed through the hospital information system, and divided into training set and validation set in the ratio of 7:3. Nutritional status was assessed using the Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment scale and follow-up records of patients three months after surgery. They were divided into: non-malnutrition group and malnutrition group. A risk prediction model was established and displayed in the form of a nomogram. Results: In this study, 344 patients were included, with 242 in the training and 102 in the validation set. The incidence of malnutrition three months after operation in the training and validation set was 43.4% and 38.2%, respectively. tumor node metastasis stage, cardiac function class as per the New York Heart Association, prealbumin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and classification of anxiety were independent risk factors. The prediction model was constructed with the above five variables. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the model for predicting malnutrition three months after surgery in gastric cancer patients was better than the AUC value of the Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 in predicting the effect, implying that the model possessed good discrimination. The model’s calibration and clinical applicability were also confirmed using the calibration curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, and the clinical decision curve, respectively. Conclusions: A clinical prediction model including multi-dimensional variables was established based on the independent risk factors of postoperative malnutrition in patients with gastric cancer. The model yields greater prediction accuracy of the risk of postoperative malnutrition in patients with gastric cancer, helps screen high-risk patients, formulates targeted nutritional prescriptions early, improves the overall prognosis of patients with gastric cancer, and increases the survival rate.
Fisher Discriminative Embedding Low-Rank Sparse Representation for Music Genre Classification
Authors: Cai Xin Cai , Zhang Hongjuan Zhang
Published: June 2022

This work focuses on a music genre classification method based on a sparse low-rank representation. Sparse low-rank representation has been proposed as an effective way to learn the classifier, which aims to learn a row-sparse and low-rank representation matrix for correcting noise and identifying the subspace structure in the data contaminated by outliers. However, these related methods fail to utilize the discriminative information to mine the rich supervision information available in the training samples. To address this issue, a novel Fisher Discriminative Embedding Low-Rank Sparse Representation (FDLRSR) classification algorithm is proposed based on the Fisher criterion, which results in stronger intra-class similarity and inter-class separability representation coefficients. Meanwhile, its two special cases, i.e., the Fisher Discriminative Embedding Low-Rank Representation (FDLR) and Fisher Discriminative Embedding Sparse Representation (FDSR) are also presented in this work. Specifically, the proposed classification method employs the FDLRSR algorithm coupled with the feature combinations consisting of acoustic features and spectral features for music genre classification tasks by minimizing the residuals. Compared with the several state-of-the-art music genre classification methods, the proposed methods substantially improve the classification results on three widely used datasets, the GTZAN, ISMIR2004 and Homburg datasets, which verify its effectiveness and availability.
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Masonry Building Supported by STRP Isolators
Authors: Zisan Md. Basir , Haque Md. Naimul , Hasan Md. Abul
Published: June 2022

Scrap tire rubber pad (STRP) isolators produced from scrap vehicle tires are expected to be a promising low-cost material for earthquake-resistant design of low-to-medium-rise buildings. This paper describes the seismic vulnerability of a STRP base-isolated masonry building using the finite element method. The three-dimensional model of the STRP isolators is utilized at the foundation level. The inertia force of the building transfers to the foundation through friction where no mechanical bonding is considered between the isolator and the building base. Two alternative versions of the unbonded STRP isolator: strip-shaped and square-shaped, which have isotropic stiffness properties, were studied. The fidelity of the STRP isolator model is confirmed using the numerical and experimental results. The seismic vulnerability of the base-isolated building is determined using the pushover analysis and fragility curves and is compared to that of the identical fixed-base building. It is observed that an unbonded STRP base-isolated masonry building has superior seismic performance than that of an identical fixed-base building, and a square-shaped STRP is more effective than the strip-shaped isolator.
Efficiency and safety of modified Bricker surgery for pelvic lipomatosis: a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal study
Authors: Xia Mancheng , Meng Chang , Zhang Peng , Tan Xiaohui , Chen Yuke , Fan Jian , Li Zhihua , Wang Bing , Zhu Hongjian , Yang Kunlin , Zhou Liqun , Feng Ninghan , Li Xuesong
Published: June 2022

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of modified Bricker surgery in the treatment of pelvic lipomatosis.Methods: The clinical data of 7 patients with decompensated pelvic lipomatosis who underwent modified Bricker surgery were collected and analyzed. The creatinine levels and degree of hydronephrosis in both kidneys were compared between preoperative assessments and postoperative follow-up.Results: All 7 patients successfully completed the operation, with no major complications occurring intraoperatively. The median operation time and bleeding volumes were 285 min (range, 180-335) and 150 ml (range, 100-600), with a median postoperative hospital stay of 11 days (range, 9-15 days). The median separation value of left and right renal pelvis collection system were 2.9 cm (range, 1.4-8.1 cm) and 2.5 cm (range, 0-7.6 cm) before operation, which were decreased to 1.6 cm (0.7-2.8 cm) and 1.7 cm (0-2.3 cm) after surgery. The separation value of left renal pelvis collection system after operation were significantly reduced compared with preoperative evaluation (P=0.0156) and so was the right side (P=0.0313). The median preoperative and postoperative creatinine was 174 umol/L (range, 118-294 umol/L) and 122 umol/L (range, 88-178 umol/L), respectively. The postoperative creatinine values were significantly decreased versus those before operation (P=0.0156).Conclusion: Modified Bricker surgery for pelvic lipomatosis has been a surgical technique with good efficiency and safety.
Association between rare earth elements exposure during pregnancy and newborn telomere length
Authors: Liu Yunyun , Song Lulu , Wu Mingyang , Bi Jianing , Wang Lulin , Liu Qing , Xiong Chao , Cao Zhongqiang , Xu Shunqing , Wang Youjie
Published: June 2022

Background: Telomere length (TL) is considered as a marker of biological aging and lifetime health, and some epidemiological studies report the environmental exposures may influence TL at birth. We aimed to investigate the associations between prenatal rare earth elements (REE) exposure and newborn TL. Methods: A total of 587 mother-newborn pairs were recruited during 2013 to 2015 in Wuhan, China. Maternal urinary concentrations of REE collected during three trimesters were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure relative cord blood TL. The trimester-specific associations between prenatal REE exposure and cord blood TL were evaluated using multiple informant models. Weighted quantile sum regression was used to estimate the mixture effect of urinary REE on cord blood TL. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, per doubling of urinary REE (Dy, Yb, Pr, Nd, and Tm) concentrations (μg/g creatinine) during the second trimester was respectively associated with 1.94% (95% CI: 0.19%, 3.72%), 2.10% (95% CI: 0.31%, 3.92%), 2.11% (95% CI: 0.35%, 3.89%), 2.08% (95% CI: 0.01%, 4.20%), and 1.38% (95% CI: 0.09%, 2.70%) increase in cord blood TL. Furthermore, exposure to the mixture of REE during the second trimester was also significantly associated with increased cord blood TL (percent change: 1.20%, 95% CI: 0.30%, 2.11%). However, these associations were not statistically significant in the first and third trimesters. Conclusions: This study provides new evidence on the potential effect of prenatal REE exposure on the initial (newborn) setting of offspring’s telomere biology. Further epidemiological studies are warranted to confirm our findings.
Recurring suboptimal choices result in superior decision making
Authors: Traczyk Jakub , Mondal Supratik , Lenda Dominik
Published: June 2022

In real-life situations involving risk and uncertainty, optimal policy hinges on selecting a course of action characterized by the highest expected value (i.e., future outcomes weighted by their probabilities). Nevertheless, a vast body of findings from economic and psychological studies indicate that people rarely follow this principle1–3. The attempts to make optimal decisions are impeded by the complexity of a task and the computational capabilities of decision makers, often leading to suboptimal choices4. Recent research has demonstrated that decision makers are systematically biased toward suboptimal options5. However, little is known about the nature of this bias. Here we show that recurring suboptimal choices result in superior decision making. In one simulation study and three well-powered (N = 1,046) fully-incentivized empirical studies employing a task to mimic decision making under uncertainty, we demonstrated that people who traded off their decision accuracy for the number of possible choices performed better (i.e., they earned more money) than those who made optimal decisions in terms of maximizing the expected value. Our results demonstrate that decision makers can adapt to the requirements of a decision task. They are inclined to make more suboptimal decisions, resulting in better overall performance than normatively better choices.
SWI/SNF complex gene variations are associated with a higher tumor mutational burden and a better response to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment: a pan-cancer analysis of next-generation sequencing data corresponding to 4591 cases
Authors: Li Yue , Yang Xinhua , Zhu Weijie , Xu Yuxia , Ma Jiangjun , He Caiyun , Wang Fang
Published: June 2022

Background: Genes related to the SWItch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex are frequently mutated across cancers, and SWI/SNF-mutant tumors are vulnerable to synthetic lethal inhibitors. However, the landscape of SWI/SNF mutations and their associations with tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI) status, and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have not been elucidated in large real-world Chinese patient cohorts.Methods: The mutational rate and variation types of six SWI/SNF complex genes (ARID1A, ARID1B, ARID2, SMARCA4, SMARCB1, and PBRM1) were analyzed retrospectively by integrating next-generation sequencing data of 4591 cases covering 18 cancer types. Thereafter, characteristics of SWI/SNF mutations were depicted and the TMB and MSI status and therapeutic effects of ICIs in the SWI/SNF-mutant and SWI/SNF-non-mutant groups were compared.Results: SWI/SNF mutations were observed in 21.8% of tumors, and endometrial (54.1%), gallbladder and biliary tract (43.4%), and gastric (33.9%) cancers exhibited remarkably higher SWI/SNF mutational rates than other malignancies. Further, ARID1A was the most frequently mutated SWI/SNF gene and ARID1A D1850fs was identified as relatively crucial. Further, the TMB value, TMB-high (H), and MSI-H proportions corresponding to SWI/SNF-mutant cancers were significantly higher than those corresponding to SWI/SNF-non-mutant cancers (25.8 vs. 5.6 mutations/Mb, 41.2% vs. 8.5%, and 16.0% vs. 0.9%, respectively; all p < 0.001). Furthermore, these indices were even higher for tumors with co-mutations of SWI/SNF genes and MLL2/3. Regarding immunotherapeutic effects, patients with SWI/SNF variations showed significantly longer progression free survival (PFS) rates than their SWI/SNF-non-mutant counterparts [HR = 0.52 (0.41–0.66), p < 0.0001], and PBRM1 mutations were associated with relatively better ICI treatment outcomes than the other SWI/SNF gene mutations [HR = 0.21 (0.12–0.37), p = 0.0007]. Additionally, patients in the SWI/SNF-mutant + TMB-L [HR = 0.65 (0.46–0.92), p = 0.0322] and SWI/SNF-mutant + TMB-H [HR = 0.42 (0.31–0.55), p <0.0001] cohorts had longer PFS rates than those in the SWI/SNF-non-mutant + TMB-L cohort. Conclusions: SWI/SNF complex genes are frequently mutated in several cancers and are closely associated with TMB-H status, MSI-H status, and superior ICI treatment response. These findings emphasize the necessity and importance of molecular-level detection and interpretation of SWI/SNF complex mutations.
Spatial and temporal analysis of land use associated with mineral extraction activities in the Jequitinhonha River, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Souza Bruno , Santos Matheus , Filho Hernando Baggio , Travassos Luiz Eduardo , Guerra Camila , Marques Rafael , Silva Renato da , Leite Marcos , Christófaro Cristiano , Laudares Sandro , Paulo Pedro , Souza Carlos Henrique
Published: June 2022

Remote sensing tools are increasingly common in environmental studies. Since release of the first Landsat satellite series, temporal analysis studies became important resource to understand land surface changing which could happen in natural ways or by anthropogenic. This study aims to understand how the evolution of the environmental impact occurred over 30 years in affected areas by the mineral extraction activity and the changes in the River morphology using Landsat 5 and 8 images. The use of its spectral bands aimed to create Normalized Difference Vegetation Index images in gold and diamond mining areas, located on the banks of the Jequitinhonha River, near the municipality of Diamantina, Minas Gerais. This study identified river styles and editions, pointing out changes in the evolutionary and dynamic picture in the drainage patterns and the sedimentological contribution. Results lead to the conclusion that land use and occupation are basically the main cause of these morphological changes over time.
Co-feeding strategy promising survival and growth of Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) larvae
Authors: Chattopadhyay D. N. , Paul B. N. , Mandal R. N. , Adhikari S. , Hussan A.
Published: June 2022

Hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha, is a commercially important high valued food fish in South Asian countries. Recently, much attention of this species has been paid for its conservation through captive culture due to its declining trend of population. Insufficient number of Hilsa seeds is the major bottleneck for its captive culture. This study aimed at developing a larval rearing protocol through co-feeding combined with planktons and formulated diet to facilitate its seed production that can support its culture. Hilsa larvae (3.67 ± 0.21mm/0.36 ± 0.00mg) were reared for 80 days in fiberglass-reinforced plastic tanks at 250 nos m− 3 in triplicates. They were fed with three different formulated diets as FI, F2, and F3 having 35.5%, 40.5%, and 45.3% crude protein (CP), along with Chlorella sp., Brachionus sp. and mixed zooplanktons as a co-feeding strategy. F2 diet feeding larvae showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher survival (88.5%), final body-length (36.21mm), final body-weight (0.43g), daily body-length gain (0.41mm), daily body-weight gain (0.01g) and SGR (8.96% day− 1) than that of other two diets: survival, F169.33% & F3 40.33%; final body-length, F1 32.1mm & F3 30.03mm; final body-weight, F1 0.31g & F3 0.2g; daily body-length gain, F1 0.36 mm & F3 0.33mm; daily body-weight gain, F1 0.004g & F3 0.003g; and SGR, F1 8.55% day− 1 & F3 8.02% day− 1, respectively). Hilsa larval growth and survival achieved optimal while fed F2 diet with 40.5% dietary CP along with plankton as co-feeding. The finding may facilitate Hilsa culture in captivity through co-feeding strategy.
The influence of serum cholinesterase level and sarcopenia on postoperative infectious complications in colorectal cancer surgery
Authors: Takano Yasuhiro , Haruki Koichiro , Kai Wataru , Tsukihara Shu , Kobayashi Yasunobu , Ito Daisuke , Kanno Hironori , Son Kyonsu , Hanyu Nobuyoshi , Eto Ken
Published: June 2022

Purpose Cholinesterase is one of nutritional markers which has been associated with sarcopenia. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relation between cholinesterase and postoperative infectious complications in patients undergoing colorectal resection for colorectal cancer. Methods The study comprised 231 patients who had undergone colorectal resection for colorectal cancer. We retrospectively investigated the relation between preoperative serum cholinesterase level and postoperative infectious complications (Clavien-Dindo classification ≥ II). Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to evaluate an independent risk factor for postoperative infectious complications. We then performed stratified analyses to assess the interaction between cholinesterase and clinical variables for predicting postoperative infectious complications. Results In multivariate analysis, body mass index (P=0.010), serum cholinesterase level (P<0.01), sarcopenia (P=0.022) and blood loss (P<0.01) were independent risk factors for postoperative infectious complications. In the cholinesterase-low group, sarcopenia (P<0.01), organ space surgical site infections (P=0.043), pneumonia (P<0.01) and clostridium difficile colitis ((P=0.019) were higher compared with the cholinesterase-high group. In stratified analysis, the association between serum cholinesterase level and postoperative infectious complications differed by the status of sarcopenia (Pinteraction<0.01). Conclusion Preoperative serum cholinesterase level may be useful to predict postoperative infectious complications in colorectal cancer surgery. The association differs by the status of sarcopenia, suggesting potential interaction among nutritional markers.
Molecular dynamics simulation of mechanical properties of carbon nanotube re-enforced celluloses
Authors: Li Kecheng , Qi DEWEI
Published: June 2022

Cellulose, hemi-cellulose, lignin are major chemical components in wood paper. Various types of wet and dry strength additives are used to enhance optical and mechanical properties of recycled paper. One of possible materials is carbon nanotube. In order to explore probability of use of carbon nanotubes as re-enforcing materials and to understand how carbon nanotubes affect mechanical properties of paper, a single walled carbon nanotube is inserted into a \({I}_{\beta }\) crystalline cellulose solid, its mechanical properties are studied by using energy minimization and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Based on the method, the crystals are stretched in axial direction at a constant speed and stress and strain are computed and recorded at atomic level. Our results show that carbon nanotube can significantly enhance mechanical properties of paper.
The effects of false-positive result in newborn congenital hypothyroidism screening to parents in Guangxi, China
Authors: Tu Si-Jing , Zhang Xiao-Fei , Jin Chen , Ma Jin-Feng , Luo Chao , Wang Xiao-He , Wang Bi-Yan
Published: June 2022

Background: As more than 200,000 neonates participate in newborn congenital hypothyroidism (CH) screening in Guangxi, China each year, the overall number of false positives has increased. The potential demographic impact on parental stress and knowledge of CH results has attracted many concerns. Methods: The parents of neonates with false-positive (FP) CH results were invited to participate in the FP group, and the parents of neonates with all negative results were invited to participate in the control group. After providing consent, the parents completed a questionnaire on demographic characteristics, knowledge of CH and the parental stress index (PSI) - short form (Chinese version). Results: As a result, there were 258 and 1040 parents participated in FP group and control group respectively. The parents in the FP group had better knowledge of CH and higher PSI scores than did the parents in the control group (both P < 0.001). The result of Logistic Regression showed that the major influence factors of knowledge of CH were FP experience and source of knowledge (both P <0.001). Within FP group, the demographic factors were not associated with having the relevant knowledge of CH (all P > 0.05). The parents in the FP group who were well-informed during the recall phone call had lower PSI scores than did the other parents (P = 0.001). The results suggested that FP screening results may affect parental stress and the parent-child relationships. Conclusion: FP results increased the stress on the parents, and increased their knowledge of CH passively. Targeted health education should be carried out to increase prospective parents’ knowledge of NBS and reduce parental stress when false-positive results are received.
The Development of Monitoring Java Web Application Server Resource Usage using JavaMelody Promotheus Grafana for Sever Maintenance
Authors: Santoso Steven , Gaol Ford Lumban , Matsuo Tokuro
Published: June 2022

The goal of this study is to create a web monitoring application that can retrieve and save data from java application server resources. This study's research methodology consists of two phases: data collecting and software development. The data gathering phase includes a review of the literature, a survey, the distribution of questionnaires, and an analysis of similar apps. The waterfall method is used during the development phase. The ultimate result of this research is a web application that can monitor resource utilization on the java application server and send email notifications if it becomes excessive. Finally, web application server monitoring can be used to make the developer's job easier.
THE RESULTS OF THE BRITISH REFERENDUM OF 2016 AS AN OUTCOME OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGLISH NATIONALISM IN THE CONTEMPORARY HISTORY
Authors: Атапин Е.А.
Published: June 2022

На первый взгляд может показаться, что итоги референдума о членстве Великобритании в Евросоюзе, состоявшегося 23 июня 2016 г., символизировали победу британского евроскептицизма. Однако на деле все не так просто, особенно если сравнивать результаты, полученные в разных частях Соединенного Королевства: Англии, Уэльсе, Шотландии и Северной Ирландии. В данной статье дается объяснение, почему именно голосование в Англии предопределило Брексит. Исследуется, какую роль в таком исходе сыграл английский национализм. Анализируется, почему итоги волеизъявления могут быть закономерным следствием развития английского национализма в последние десятилетия.

At first glance, it might seem that the outcome of the 2016 referendum on UK membership in the European Union symbolized the victory of British euroscepticism. However, the reality is not so simple, especially when comparing the results obtained in different parts of the United Kingdom: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. This article explains why the UK vote predetermined Brexit. It examines what role English nationalism played in this outcome. It is analyzed why the voting results can be a natural consequence of the development of British nationalism in recent decades.
НАУЧНОЕ НАСЛЕДИЕ ПРОФЕССОРА А.Г. ГЛЕБОВА
Authors: Коган Е.А.
Published: June 2022

22 июля 2021 года в Воронежский государственный университет пришла страшная новость — после непродолжительной болезни скончался доктор исторических наук, профессор кафедры истории зарубежных стран и востоковедения Андрей Германович Глебов.Всю свою научную деятельность Андрей Германович посвятил изучению истории раннесредневековой Англии. Результатом его деятельности стали: успешно защищенные кандидатская и докторская диссертации, сотни научных статей, ряд учебных и учебно-методических пособий, несколько монографий, а также почти два десятка учеников, защитивших в разные годы кандидатские диссертации под руководством Андрея Германовича. Именно о научных достижениях профессора Глебова и пойдет речь в данной статье.
SEBASTIAN CABOT AND THE ORGANIZATION OF ENGLISH MARITIME EXPEDITIONS IN THE MIDDLE OF THE XVI CENTURY
Authors: Киселев А.А.
Published: June 2022

Статья посвящена вкладу венецианского исследователя Себастьяна Кабота в подготовку английских морских экспедиций в 1550-е гг. В XV–XVI вв. английские купцы, подобно португальским и испанским, были заинтересованы в дальних заморских плаваниях и открытии новых земель. Главный интерес у них вызывал поиск доступных морских путей в страны Востока (Индия, Китай, Япония), а самую большую активность в этом направлении проявили торговцы из Бристоля и диаспора английских купцов из испанской Севильи. Наиболее известным среди них инициатором морских экспедиций «в Офир и Катай» был венецианец С. Кабот, прославившийся исследованиями побережья Северной и Южной Америки во имя английской, а затем испанской короны. Используя передовой опыт испанской навигации, Кабот внес основной вклад в подготовку первой английской экспедиции Х. Уиллоби и Р. Ченслера, отправившейся в 1553 г. на поиски Северо-Восточного прохода в Азию, однако открывшей морской путь из Англии в Россию. Также венецианец стал основателем и первым губернатором Московской торговой компании, осуществлявшей коммерцию между двумя странами. Деятельность С. Кабота слабо отражена в историографии. Основываясь на английских, испанских и венецианских источниках, автор исследует его вклад в становление тюдоровской Англии как морской державы и будущей колониальной империи.

The article focuses on the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot’s contribution to the preparation of English maritime expeditions in the 1550s. In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries English merchants, like those of Portugal and Spain, were interested in overseas voyages and the discovery of new lands. They were mainly interested in finding accessible sea routes to Eastern countries (India, China, Japan) and the most active in this direction were traders from Bristol and a diaspora of English merchants from Spanish Seville. The most famous among them was the Venetian Sebastian Cabot, who was known as explorer of the coasts of North and South America in the name of the English and then the Spanish crown. Using advanced Spanish navigational skills, Cabot was instrumental in preparing England’s first expedition of Hugh Willoughby and Richard Chancellor, which set out in 1553 to find the Northeast Passage to Asia, but discovered a sea route from England to Russia. He was also the founder and the first governor of the Muscovy Company which conducted trade between Russia and England. Cabot’s activities are poorly reflected in historiography. Based on English, Spanish and Venetian sources, the author examines his contribution to the formation of Tudor England as a maritime power and future colonial empire.
«YOU MAKE NO MEN OF US, BUT BEASTS» SAILORS OF THE ENGLISH ROYAL NAVY AT THE END OF THE XVI CENTURY
Authors: Гаврилов С.Н.
Published: June 2022

Эпоха правления династии Тюдор в Англии — время рождения военного флота, его превращения из средневекового «события» в постоянно действующий институт. Не удивительно, что военно-морские силы этого периода традиционно привлекают внимание исследователей. В ходе развития науки менялись научные подходы и направления в исследовании истории королевского флота: от героической истории, объектом которой становились прославленные флотоводцы и победы, до институциональной истории, фокусировавшейся на исследовании повседневных механизмов функционирования военно-морских сил. Вне поля зрения ученых долгое время оставалась история простых моряков, без которых были бы невозможны как победы на море, так и само существование «морских стен Англии». Данная статья посвящена изучению положения английских моряков конца тюдоровской эпохи, ознаменовавшейся не только успешной защитой независимости страны, но и началом ее превращения в будущую Британскую империю.

The epoch of the Tudor dynasty in England is the time of the emergence of the navy, its transformation from a medieval “event” into a permanent institution. It is not surprising that the naval forces of this period traditionally attract the attention of researchers. In the course of the development of science, scientific approaches and directions in the study of the history of the Royal Navy changed: from heroic history, the object of which became famous naval commanders and victories, to institutional history, focusing on the study of everyday mechanisms of the functioning of naval forces. For a long time, the history of ordinary sailors remained out of sight of scientists. But without sailors both victories at sea and the very existence of the “sea walls of England” would have been impossible. This article is devoted to the study of the history of sailors at the end of the Tudor epoch, which was marked not only by the successful defense of the independence of England, but also by the beginning of transformation this country into the future British Empire
THE 15TH-CENTURY LONDON TAILOR RALPH HOLLAND AND ATTEMPTS TO REFORM CITY GOVERNMENT
Authors: Чернова Л.Н.
Published: June 2022

В статье выявляется роль Ральфа Холланда в конфликте между портными и торговцами тканями, который стал проявлением экономического и социально-политического раскола между ремесленниками и торговцами Лондона в XV в. Показано, что благодаря своим личным качествам, богатству и влиянию Ральф Холланд сумел стать выразителем недовольства ремесленников и в 1438–1444 гг. возглавил оппозиционное движение, направленное на «демократизацию» городского управления Лондона

The article reveals the role of Ralph Holland in the conflict between tailors and drapers, which became a manifestation of the economic and socio-political schism between artisans and tradesmen of London in the 15th century. It is shown that thanks to his personal qualities, wealth and influence, Ralph Holland managed to become a spokesman for the discontent of artisans and in 1438–1444 led an opposition movement aimed at “democratization” the City Government of London
THE STORY OF JOHN STRACHEY'S “POLITICAL WANDERINGS” SOME ASPECTS OF BIOGRAPHY IN THE PERIOD FROM 1924 TO 1931
Authors: Рудая О.И.
Published: June 2022

В статье рассматривается общественно-политическая деятельность британского экономиста, публициста и теоретика лейборизма первой половины XX в. Э. Джона Стрэчи. Главное внимание уделено характеристике семилетнего периода идеологических поисков и практических действий мыслителя, осуществлявшихся в 1924–1931 гг. Отмечается, что этот процесс происходил на фоне тех общественных изменений, которые переживала Британия после окончания Первой мировой войны. Показан вклад Стрэчи в разработку социально-экономической концепции лейбористского движения и программы Новой партии Освальда Мосли

The article examines the socio-political activity of the British economist, publicist and Labor theorist of the first half of the XX century, E. John Strachey. The main attention is paid to the characteristics of the seven-year period of ideological searches and practical actions of the thinker carried out in 1924-1931. It is noted that this process took place against the background of the social changes that Britain experienced after the end of the First World War. Strachey's contribution to the development of the socio-economic concept of the Labor movement and the program of the New Party of Oswald Mosley is shown.
The Role and Necessity of Change Management in Organizations։ Investing CRM as an Effective System to Manage Customer Relations
Authors: Mirzoyan Shushan , Tovmasyan Gayane
Published: June 2022

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of change management characteristics in organizations. The main purpose of the research is to find out and discuss the role of change management in organizations, the main change management models, the benefits of investing CRM in a banking system that will change the way of work. A systematization of literary sources on the issue of change management presents some models steps of change management in organization. It indicates the importance of change management in today’s fast-moving world. Investigation of the topic proves that change management may help organizations become more effective customer-oriented. Analysis in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence: literature review shows some examples of international experience of the discussed topic; also, the experience of CRM investing is discussed in one of the Armenian banks. Methodological tools of the research methods were analysis and synthesis, surveys. The paper presents the results of an empirical study, which shows that there are some transactions for which people prefer going to the bank. Certain services tend to go online, for example, to request account information or transfer money between accounts. The trend is that customers are moving more and more to online platforms. It was due to the introduction of the latest IT technologies in the banking system; also, during Covid-19, people preferred to do transactions online. The results show that it is necessary to use CRM tools to manage customer relationships throughout a customer life cycle, including marketing, sales, digital marketing, and customer service interactions. We suggest using CRM tools in banks to identify customers’ needs as much as possible to build a stable and long-lasting bank-customer relationship. The results of the research can be helpful for banks to improve their experience, invest in CRM systems and do better change management.
Estimation of the Leaf Area Index, Leaf Fresh Weight, and Leaf Length of Chinese Chive (Allium tuberosum) Using Nadir-looking Photography in Combination with Allometric Relationships
Authors: Nomura Koichi , Wada Eriko , Saito Masahiko , Yamasaki Hiromi , Yasutake Daisuke , Iwao Tadashige , Tada Ikunao , Yamazaki Tomihiro , Kitano Masaharu
Published: June 2022

In horticultural leafy vegetable production, continuously monitoring crop size indicators such as the leaf area index (LAI), leaf fresh weight (LFW), and leaf length (LL) is of practical value because these indicators are related to crop yields and harvest timing. The aim of this study was to develop a method that enables the continuous, automatic estimation of the LAI, LFW, and LL of a Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum) canopy by combining timelapse photography with allometric equations. LAI was estimated based on the gap fractions of nadir photographs (i.e., the fractions of nonleaf area), which were retrieved using the deep learning framework DeepLabv3+ with satisfactory accuracy (mean intersection over union, 0.71). This photographically estimated LAI (LAIphoto) corresponded well with the destructively measured LAI (LAIdest) (LAIphoto = 0.96LAIdest, R2 = 0.87). LAIphoto was then used as the input of allometric regression equations relating LAIphoto with LFW and LL. A power function (y = axb) fit the observed LAIphoto–LFW and LAIphoto–LL relationships well (R2 = 0.89 and 0.74, respectively). By combining nadir timelapse photography with the allometric equations, changes in the LFW and LL of a Chinese chive canopy were estimated successfully for a 9-month cultivation period. Our approach can replace time-consuming, labor-intensive manual measurements of these crop size indicators for Chinese chive and may be applicable to other crops with different parameter sets.
WAKE WASH OF A FAST SMALL BOAT IN RESTRICTED WATERS: MODEL TESTS AND FULL-SCALE MEASUREMENTS
Authors:   School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Malaysia, Ismail Mohd Arif , Shaharuddin Nik Mohd Ridzuan , Yaakob Omar , Jamal Mohamad Hidayat , Adnan Faizul Amri , Rashidi Ahmad Hadi Mohamed , Azhary Wan Ahmad Hafiz Wan Mohd , Samion Mohd Kamarul Huda ,   Marine Technology Center (MTC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Malaysia,   School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Malaysia,   Centre for Coastal and Oceanography Studies, National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia,   Hydraulic & Instrumentation Laboratory, National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia, Bachok Andiknurdiyana , Ahmad Badruzzaman , Ahmad Nur Shafira
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the model testing of an 8.23m boat with hard chine planning hull generated waves at the Kilim recreational park. Wake is considered one of the main causes of riverbank erosion due to the energy carried by waves hitting the riverbank. Initially, ship particulars were measured from actual boats to generate a hull form using MAXSURF software. A lines plan was then generated to fabricate the model using fibreglass. Experiments were conducted in the National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM) at various speeds at a constant operating draft. The wave patterns generated by the modelled boats at different speeds were recorded for analysis. Wave attenuation for deep water conditions was studied and it was found that the wave exponent, n ranged from -0.36 to -0.75 for all depth Froude number (Fnh) condition. Wave decay analysis was used to estimate wave height for defined water depth. For 11 people with an average mass of 65 kg on board, the produced wave height was greater than the permissible wave wake height of 75 mm. The generated energy exceeded 60 Joules/m for nearly all measured speeds. A boat speed of less than 5 knots was suggested for boats loaded with the maximum passenger limit of 11 people. Other recommendations were made to minimize the wave wake height produced by the modelled boat.
Assessing dynamic stability of economic development of global food markets in the context of globalization
Authors: Sychevskiy Mykola , Kovalenko Olga , Deineko Liudmyla , Yashchenko Lyudmyla
Published: June 2022

The global food market is in constant transformation. Cyclical fluctuations and force majeure (financial crises, epidemics, military actions) affect the volumes of production, consumption, exports and imports of food products. Therefore, the study of the dynamic stability of the growth of world food markets is especially relevant. The purpose of the study is to assess the dynamic stability of economic growth in the world food markets: cheese, butter and sugar. The study used general scientific and special methods: dialectical and logical to summarize the scientific foundations for ensuring the sustainable development of world food markets; regression analysis – to determine the direction of market development; variational analysis – to determine the sustainability of market development. The advantage of the approach proposed in the paper is the assessment of the direction of development by the regression coefficients and the amplitude of fluctuations by the average percentage of deviations from the trend, which allows more correct interpretation of the results than when using only the coefficient of variation, which takes into account changes around the average value. It is established that the world markets for cheese, butter and sugar from 2011 to 2020 are characterized by dynamically stable growth in production, consumption, exports and imports. However, the markets of individual countries have developed unevenly: cheese production is most attractive and less risky in the EU, Brazil and South Korea; butter production in the EU and India; sugar production – in the USA, India, Algeria. Forecast calculations confirm the likelihood of growth in these markets.
Social and Political Views of Alexey Filippov and Russian National Democrats
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Medovarov Maksim V.
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the article is to analyze the social and political views of Alexey Filippov during the years of his cooperation with the Russian National Democrats. It reveals the achievements and gaps in the historiography of Filippov’s ideological biography. Considerable attention is paid to the formation of the thinker’s original views on the construction of the greatness of Russia by the hands of non-Russians. The reasons for the unpopularity of Filippov’s “progressive nationalism” and the conditions of his activity in St Petersburg since 1912 are considered. The article analyzes the collaboration of Filippov with Alexander Gariazin; the chronology and circumstances of their publication of the weekly “Dym Otechestva” and the monthly “Zhurnal Dlia Vsekh” (“The Journal for All”). Filippov’s sharp criticism of the leaders of the right-wing parties in Russia, the aristocracy, the ruling dynasty, ministers, the Holy Synod is emphasized. His loyalty to the monarchy as a form of government, and personally to Nicholas II, as well as the loyalty of other National Democrats, which they tried to use in confrontation with the All-Russian National Union and the Union of the Russian People, is pointed out. The positions of Filippov and his associates on Russian foreign policy, the reasons for their calls for the immediate war against Germany and Austria-Hungary are demonstrated. It is concluded that behind the eclecticism of Filippov’s views was hidden his sincere conviction in the necessity of combining democracy, rights and freedoms with strong imperial power and national patriotism. The article demonstrates the continuity of Filippov’s views throughout his life, including the Soviet period.
The Praetorian Metilius Pudens and the Civil War in Rome
Authors:   Samara Branch of Moscow City University, Guskov Evgenii A.
Published: June 2022

This paper is concerned with a dedicatory stele of some Metilius Pudens, named a warrior of the XIX praetorian cohort in its text. According to paleographic features, it is dated to the second half of the first century A. D. The inscription was published only in 1995, but has not attracted wide attention of researchers yet. The role of Pudens in the events of 69 is unknown due to the scanty content of the stele. The article proves that Pudens could only serve in the guard of Julii-Claudii and during the civil war fought first on the side of Otho. Then, like many former Othonians, he supported the party of Vespasian and was eventually enrolled in his praetorium, which could comprise 20 000 people. The article presents information about the conditions of service and resignation of Metilius Pudens, and describes the organization of the new guard, consisting of soldiers of the Flavian legions, former praetorians of Otho and legionaries of Vitellius. The long duration of Metilius Pudent’s service was due to the need to maintain a group balance in the Flavian guard. Taking into account the large proportion of former Vitellian soldiers in the new corps, the new administration pursued a cautious demobilization policy in order to break mutual responsibility and prevent a repeat of the situation with the Praetorians of Otho, who, having been dismissed by Vitellius, came out in support of Vespasian. Since the Othonians were absolutely loyal to the new authorities in gratitude for the possibility of rehabilitation after the humiliation by Vitellius in April 69, they were seen as a counterweight to the Vitellians.
Trade Activities and the Spread of Christianity by Portugal: Port of Faifo (Vietnam)
Authors:   The University of Danang, University of Science and Education, Truong Anh Thuan , Nguyen Thi Vinh Linh ,   Quang Nam University
Published: June 2022

In the 16th and 17th centuries, Faifo (Hoi An, Quang Nam province) emerged as one of the busiest international trading ports in Southeast Asia in general and in Vietnam in particular. At the same time, in Europe, Portugal and its formidable navy discovered a new maritime route to Asia. Using this knowledge, the Portuguese became one of the first Western states to explore this part of the world and laid the foundation for trade and missionary activities in a number of different countries and locations there. Among them, Faifo (in Vietnam) was a notable example. In fact, for almost a century (from the second half of the 16th century to the middle of the 17th century), the Portuguese had established business relationships and played an important role in trading activities in Faifo. Meanwhile, the Portuguese Crown strongly supported the Jesuit priests, aiding them in becoming the first Catholic missionary force based in Vietnam, thereby allowing for the introduction and spread of Christianity in Faifo as well as in other locations around Cochinchina. However, at the end of the 17th century, for a number of different factors, Portugal gradually lost its important role in trading and missionary activities in the port of Faifo. This article examines the Portuguese commercial and missionary activities in Faifo in the 16th and 17th centuries. It also aims to make a specific contribution to clarifying the relationship of exchange between Vietnam and Portugal in the 16th and 17th centuries.
Traditions of the St Petersburg Historical School in the Works of Mikhail Pavlovich Iroshnikov
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Dvornichenko Andrey Yu. , Shtykov Nikolai V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: June 2022

This article is devoted to the scholarly work of the prominent Russian historian, Doctor of Sciences (History), Professor of St Petersburg State University Mikhail Pavlovich Iroshnikov. A student of two well-known St Petersburg-Leningrad scholars, Alexander Ignatievich Andreev and Sigismund Natanovich Valk, M. P. Iroshnikov became one of the leading specialists in the field of the political history of Russia of the 20th century, the history of state and law, the history of state institutions, archives, source studies, historiography and archeography. The successor to the traditions of the St Petersburg historical school — the school of S. F. Platonov, A. S. Lappo-Danilevsky, A. E. Presnyakov — M. P. Iroshnikov not only became a recognized Russian archaeographer, an expert in archival documents, but also a thoughtful, attentive researcher. The most important academic achievements of M. P. Iroshnikov was the study of the creation, activities and personnel of the Soviet government in 1917–1922, and the discovery and introduction of the census of Soviet employees in 1918 into the scholarship. The article analyzes the work of M. P. Iroshnikov in organizing and implementing many of the largest domestic archeographic projects: the publication of the works of V. N. Tatishchev, decrees of the Soviet government, the Radziwil Chronicle. The article also examines the pedagogical activity of M. P. Iroshnikov in St Petersburg State University, where he continued the traditions of his teachers in educating historians, archeographers and source specialists.