bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bridging Cultural Gaps: Enhancing Student Motivation and Academic Integrity in Oman’s Universities
Authors: Awashreh Raed , AL Ghunaimi Hisham
Published: January 2025

This study explores the cultural and motivational factors influencing student behaviors and academic performance in Oman's higher education system. Drawing on the frameworks of Cultural Relativism and Self-Determination Theory, and employing a descriptive analytical approach based on quantitative methods, the research surveys 409 female students in the Sultanate of Oman. It examines the impact of cultural norms and reward systems on student motivation, academic integrity, and skill development. The findings reveal that cultural values, such as collectivism and a focus on harmony, significantly shape students' approach to academics. These values often lead to weak motivation and a tendency to view behaviors like procrastination and academic dishonesty as socially acceptable. Additionally, many Omani students, particularly those from rural and Bedouin communities, enter higher education with gaps in foundational skills such as English, Mathematics, and Computer Science, which further hinder their academic success and employability. Despite earning academic qualifications, students often struggle to meet labor market demands due to a lack of practical skills. The study calls for reforms in teaching methodologies and foundational programs, advocating for culturally relevant strategies that balance academic rigor with cultural sensitivity. It also recommends fostering intrinsic motivation and promoting academic integrity to better prepare students for the workforce. By integrating Cultural Relativism, the study offers a comprehensive approach to addressing the challenges in Oman's higher education system and provides valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and institutional leaders. These findings align with Oman Vision 2040, emphasizing the need for an educational system that is both academically rigorous and culturally responsive.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on Yield, quality parameters, soil properties and economics of varieties of finger millet under rainfed condition
Authors: J. V. Patel  , A. P. Patel  , B. K. Patel  , V. R. Naik  , Jaimin Naik
Published: January 2025

Field experiments were conducted at the Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture collaboration with Hill Millet Research Station, NAU, Waghai, during Kharif season of three years of 2013 to 2016 to study the response different varieties of finger millet (Nagli) to integrated nutrient management under rainfed condition. The results revealed that, the grain yield recorded under treatment N2 were 2502, 1870, 2628 and 2378 kg/ha during 2013-14, 2015-16, 2016-17 and in pooled results, respectively. Significantly higher straw yield was recorded under the treatment N2 during all the years of experimentation as well as in pooled analysis but remained at par with treatment N1 and N3 during 2nd and 3rd year of experimentation. Interaction effect of variety and nitrogen levels was found to be non-significant during all four years of experimentation and in pooled analysis. The Economics of the application of 75% recommended dose of fertilizer + vermicompost @ 2 t/ha realized more net income of Rs. 59001/- than rest of nitrogen levels.
Quality of EMS to emergency department handoffs and communication barriers and challenges; Systematic review
Authors: Fares Mohammed Alabdullah  , sultan hussain saeed alqahtani  , Rayan Abdullah Almalki  , Abdullah saleh albalawi  , Osama Ali Alsallami  , Rayan mohammed alqahtani
Published: January 2025

Background: Patient safety is among the most significant issues that health care systems face. One of the top priorities for patient safety has been identified as improving communication during handovers. Our study's goal is to analyze research on pre-hospital and emergency department personnel' perceptions of the handover procedure, as well as studies that have aimed to improve the caliber of EMS-to-ED handoffs.
Method: The inclusion criteria were limited to English-language papers published between 2005 and 2024. We looked through the Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane, and PubMed databases. The inclusion criteria were satisfied by studies that concentrated on care handoffs from EMS to ED physicians inside the ED setting. Only peer-reviewed, English-language research was included.
Result and conclusion: Fourteen of the 65 articles that were selected for full text examination satisfied the requirements for inclusion. Thematic synthesis revealed two types of barriers: cognitive and operational. Effective EMS to ED handovers were found to be hampered by descriptive themes of disrespect and disinterest, redundancy, environmental factors, poor recall, technological issues, information degradation, conflicting goals and perspectives, information loss, lack of training, lack of standardization, lack of feedback, and delays. Several types of interventions were found in the included interventional research, including educational, cultural, and technical ones.
Digital Threads, Interwoven Scenes
Authors: Holm Emmi
Published: January 2025

A lectio præcursoria is a short presentation read out loud by a doctoral candidate at the start of a public thesis examination in Finland. It introduces the key points or central argument of the thesis in a way that should make the ensuing discussion between the examinee and the examiner apprehensible to the audience, many of whom may be unfamiliar with the candidate’s research or even anthropological research in general.
Becoming an Adequate Child
Authors: Sequeira Maija-Eliina
Published: January 2025

A lectio præcursoria is a short presentation read out loud by a doctoral candidate at the start of a public thesis examination in Finland. It introduces the key points or central argument of the thesis in a way that should make the ensuing discussion between the examinee and the examiner apprehensible to the audience, many of whom may be unfamiliar with the candidate’s research or even anthropological research in general.
Editorial Note
Authors: Rautio Suvi
Published: January 2025

Happy 2025, readers! It gives me great pleasure to present this year’s Winter Issue of Suomen antropologi: Journal of the Finnish Anthropological Society. This issue contains three peer-reviewed articles, three book review essays, and four research reports.
Exploring user preferences for lighting and spatial conditions and the impact on atmospheric qualities of Catholic churches
Authors: Reforma Adira Damai , Larasati Dewi , Kusuma Hanson Endra
Published: January 2025

The transformations in the design of Catholic church architecture, partly influenced by the Second Vatican Council, have led to notable changes in spatial and lighting conditions. This research endeavors to investigate user preferences concerning lighting and spatial elements in Catholic church buildings. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach, executed in two stages. Data collection involves the utilization of online questionnaires employing a non-random/non-probability sampling method. Subsequent data analysis incorporates principal component analysis, factor analysis, and correlation analysis. Each independent variable is systematically analyzed to discern user preferences. The findings of the study reveal that factors such as color, contrast, visual comfort, lighting hierarchy, visual richness, building age, perceived building shape, verticality, symmetry, and secluded space exert influence on the stimulation of positive and spiritual impressions. The research sheds light on the intricate interplay between architectural elements and user perceptions within the context of Catholic church design, providing valuable insights for further considerations in sustainable and meaningful architectural practices.
Morphology of the Manangamesi area, East Sumba
Authors: Umbu Banju Generosus
Published: January 2025

The architecture and spatial form of the Old City of Waingapu are the result of the development of Manangamesi Harbor, which occurs between the city space and the environmental elements behind it so that an overview of its problems can be obtained to date. This research aims to provide suggestions for factors that can be integrated from the Manangamesi area using qualitative descriptive methodology. The analysis used is Urban network analysis by approaching the location or object being studied. The research results indicate that the Manangamesi area originated from the estuary's geographical location as a fishing anchorage and the barter trade between inland tribes and coastal residents in the pre-Swampaja era. During the Swapraja era, this trade became the foundation for the Manangamesi area's development. During the colonial era, the Manangamesi area began to flourish. Current population, economic, and ecological growth are causing a decline in regional quality in the Manangamesi area. Examining regional ecology, architecture, and design, this study addresses the shortcomings of earlier research on the Manangamesi region and is superior to other interdisciplinary sciences that concentrate on science, environmental studies, and more economic research. Recommendations for additional multidisciplinary research in the fields of architecture, urban planning, ecology, economics, tourism, and politics are necessary for the development of the Manangamesi area.
Analyzing surface temperature on street median parks in Malang’s hot-humid climate
Authors: Iyati Wasiska , Hilmy Ayu Nur Izzati , Fitriani Rika Nur , Fidelista Alya Nafisa , Wardoyo Jono
Published: January 2025

In hot humid cities, the local microclimate can be moderated by the green open spaces. Differences in the characteristics of its hardscape and softscape elements can result in different thermal environmental conditions. As one of the green open spaces, the street median park can provide vegetation to reduce the air temperature of the region's microclimate. This paper analyzes the thermal characteristics of three street median parks in Malang, which are represent the green street medians in hot humid country of Indonesia. A thermal imaging camera was used to compare the hardscape and softscape surface temperature difference of the three parks. The thermal image results show that stone and paving materials have the highest surface temperatures. Stone as the higher surface temperature is shown in three green streets median. Coral stone has the highest surface temperature at 43.6 °C in Ijen and 42.03 °C in Veteran. Paving also has the highest surface temperature at 43.17 °C in Kunang-kunang. Grass or earth with trees has the lowest surface temperature at 28.53°C in Ijen, 27.93 °C in Kunang-kunang, and 29.17°C in Veteran Street median park. The difference in daytime surface temperature between hardscape and softscape reaches 12.86 °C in Veteran, 15.07 °C in Ijen, 15.24 °C in Kunang-kunang.
Evaluation of the architectural meaning of adapting traditional houses to become homestays in cultural heritage areas
Authors: Sumardiyanto Bonifasius , Marsonia Cecillia Diana Lelyta
Published: January 2025

Slums are one of the threats to Cultural Heritage Areas (KCB) which consist of traditional houses, especially those with living museum status such as KCB Kotagede in Yogyakarta. One of the main causes of slums is the inability of the owner (heir) to provide funds to preserve the building, which requires large costs. Assistance from the government or other parties, which is often incidental, is not a sustainable solution. For this reason, efforts are needed to optimize the potential of KCB so that it can generate sustainable conservation costs. One effort is to adapt traditional houses into homestays that offer cultural experiences for tourists. The study was carried out in 4 (four) residential buildings which were selected using purposive sampling. The study method begins with identifying initial plans of traditional houses and identifying plans for developing adapted designs. Next, using the Form - Function - Meaning structural approach, an analysis was carried out to what extent the architectural meaning of a traditional house was maintained in its adaptation into a homestay. This study reveals that the adaptation of a traditional house into a homestay can be done while maintaining its architectural meaning.
Formulating architectural ethnosemantics as a new research method
Authors: Salura Purnama , Clarissa Stephanie
Published: January 2025

Ethnography is one of the oldest methods in qualitative research rooted in anthropology. Considering that Indonesia is rich in the diversity of vernacular architecture and the culture of its people, ethnography, which means 'the study of culture', is often an option for architectural research. However, architectural research frequently only adopts the steps of the anthropological ethnographic method to reveal the cultural knowledge of a specific community; then, this cultural knowledge is simply applied to justify specific architectural works. This study aims to formulate a new architectural-ethnographic method. Of all types of ethnography, this study elaborates on ethnosemantics put forward by James Spradley. The rigorous analytical steps of ethnosemantic are then elaborated into a theory of architectural ordering principle based on the existential needs of architecture. The results of the study are expected to enrich architectural science, especially in terms of research methods. Thus, the results of this study can also improve existing architectural theories and practices, as well as become a source of new knowledge for the wider community.
Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluation of Renal Function, Albuminuria Categories, and the Risk Assessment of Kidney Failure ( Literature review)
Authors: Kushnirenko Stella , Savytska Liubov , Rotova Svitlana , Bevzenko Tetiana , Kushnirenko Oleksii , Lysianska Oksana
Published: January 2025

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem associated with excessive morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The prevalence of CKD is steadily increasing as the population ages and the major risk factors – arterial hypertension (AH), diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) - continue to rise progressively. Preventing the development of CKD and its progression to the end-stage disease is of paramount importance.
Albuminuria and GFR remain the main indicators of kidney function in this year’s Guidelines of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Initiative.
To determine the estimated GFR (eGFR), the KDIGO 2024 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of CKD suggest the use of validated equations - the CKD-EPI creatinine equation (2009), the CKD-EPI creatinine equation (2021), the CKD-EPI creatinine-cystatin C equation (2021), the EKFC equation, and others. For initial testing of albuminuria, the use of the albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) in urine or a reagent strip urinalysis for albumin and ACR with automated reading is suggested in adults and children. In all cases, a first void in the morning midstream sample is preferred in adults and children.
For physicians, the GFR calculators, the calculator of CKD risk in children, and the kidney failure risk equation, including versions for iPhones and iPads, are suggested.
Evaluation of eGFR and albuminuria categories are integral components of screening, diagnosis, evaluation of the effectiveness of kidney protection measures, kidney failure risk prediction in patients with CKD, and monitoring of drug nephrotoxicity.
The practical implementation of the new KDIGO 2024 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of CKD with the use of validated GFR calculation equations, recommendations for the assessment of albuminuria categories, and new advanced devices for creatinine/eGFR measurement facilitates the screening of kidney function and promotes the practice of early detection of CKD.
Problem Issues of Diagnostic and Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism: a Case from Real Clinical Practice
Authors: Netiazhenko Vasyl , Malchevska Tetiana , Plienova Olha , Shkala Lyubov , Kozachyshyn Nataliia
Published: January 2025

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a serious and life-threatening condition for the patient, which is mostly provoked by the presence of venous thrombosis of various localization. Among the numerous risk factors, the identification and study of which is still ongoing, an important place is the long-term immobile position of the patient during relocations or flights, which is particularly relevant for people whose professional activity is related to driving vehicles.
Peculiarities of the course of PE in some cases require the adoption of non-standard decisions regarding the choice of antithrombotic therapy regimens, which allows maintaining a balance between the risks of thrombosis and bleeding.
The experience of diagnostic search and subsequent use of systemic thrombolysis and heparin therapy in half doses as a compromise treatment regimen in a patient with PE of high intermediate risk and the presence of relative contraindications to intensive anticoagulation is presented.
The article presents a clinical case of PE caused by venous thrombosis in a driver of a long-distance train, in whose therapy half-dose systemic thrombolysis was successfully used twice. The case demonstrates the polysyndromic nature of the clinical manifestations of PE, their mosaic nature, the need for an interdisciplinary approach to patient management, and vigilance regarding venous thromboembolism already at the early stages of the diagnostic search.
Analyzing the above mentioned, it is necessary to remember that the clinical signs of PE can be masked by other cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, neurological diseases, hematological manifestations, which often leads to its late diagnosis, and, therefore, increases fatal risks. The etiologically and pathogenetically justified treatment of venous thromboembolism is therapy aimed at eliminating the thrombus (non-invasive or invasive) and preventing further thrombus formation. However, in the presence of a high risk of bleeding or relative contraindications to intensive anticoagulation, it is necessary to balance, choosing compromise treatment regimens.
The presented clinical case of PE confirms the need for careful risk stratification, indicates the unpredictability of the course of venous thromboembolism and the related difficulties of diagnosis and selection of treatment management, which must be clearly individualized depending on the patient’s risks. The basis and powerful option for this are the Recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology (2014, 2019), the American Society of Hematology (2020), and the National Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Pulmonary Artery Thromboembolism (2017).
The Clinical and Diagnostic Value of Albuminuria in the Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Vlasenko Maryna , Krokhmalyuk Olha , Kravchuk Nataliya , Shkarivska Svitlana
Published: January 2025

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most widespread problem in the health care system with severe social and economic outcomes. The danger of CKD lies in complications arising from kidney failure, concomitant cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity.
Despite the fact that the morbidity and mortality caused by CKD can be prevented by early diagnosis and treatment, unfortunately, today the diagnosis of this disease in the world is at a low level.
The objective: to analyze the relationship between albuminuria and arterial hypertension (AH), heart failure, obesity, carbohydrate metabolism disorders.
Materials and methods. 704 patients (400 men and 304 women) who visited the communal non-commercial enterprise “Vinnytsia Regional Clinical Specialized Endocrinology Center” were examined. Patients were divided into groups. The main group included patients with various disorders of carbohydrate metabolism (gestational diabetes, prediabetes, pancreatogenic diabetes). The second group included patients with hypertension, obesity, various pathologies of the thyroid gland, acromegaly, and osteoporosis.
For all study participants the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) was determined using the test strip method in outpatient settings. In addition to UACR, to determine the stage of CKD, an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on blood creatinine was measured in all patients.
Results. During the study it was established that type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus, obesity, prevailed among men who are in the risk group by gender for the development of complications. At the same time, prediabetes and thyroid pathology were more common among women.
The eGFR index progressively decreased with increasing duration of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The initial stages of nephropathy are characterized by an increase in eGFR, then its gradual decrease to a normal level, which can be mistakenly assessed as the absence of pathological changes in the kidneys. That is why the determination of only eGFR without UACR is not sufficient to establish a diagnosis of CKD. Routine determination of albuminuria is one of the ways to identify individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease.
Conclusions. It has been established that the prevalence of CKD depends on the timeliness of diagnosis, the duration and state of diabetes compensation, the use of hypoglycemic drugs with proven nephroprotective effect, especially in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Early appointment of renal protective therapy to patients from risk groups according to international recommendations is effective in slowing the progression of CKD, delaying dialysis and reducing mortality from cardiovascular causes and overall mortality.
Vascular Microcalcification: Diagnostic Approach, Statistical Modeling, and the Need for Comprehensive Management of Children from the Ukrainian Familial Hypercholesterolemia Registry
Authors: Marushko Tetiana , Kurilina Tetiana , Kulchytska Yeva-Emiliia
Published: January 2025

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder that significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in children. The identification of early predictors of cardiovascular pathology is crucial for effective management.
The objective: to develop a statistical model that significantly predicts the mGla protein level, a marker of vascular microcalcification, in children with FH by analyzing the relationships between dietary habits, health-related quality of life, physical activity energy expenditure, extended lipid profile, dp-uc MGP protein levels, and results from instrumental examinations.
Materials and methods. Food habits, quality of life, energy expenditure for physical activity, lipid profiles, and dp-uc MGP protein levels were assessed in children from the Ukrainian FH registry. A multivariate regression model was developed to identify significant predictors of cardiovascular pathology, namely the level of the vascular microcalcification biomarker.
Results. The regression model demonstrated that the predictors explained 91.01% of the variance (R2 = 0.91; p < 0.0001). Age and cholesterol intake were significant predictors (β = 19.16; p = 0.0039 and β = 0.70; p = 0.0013, respectively). These results highlight the impact of chronic cholesterol exposure on cardiovascular health in children with HF.
Conclusions. The study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to the treatment of HF, combining medical and psychosocial support, to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications in pediatric patients.
Reflecting on One’s Own Philosophical Practice
Authors: Williamson Timothy
Published: January 2025

Metaphilosophy is defined as philosophical reflection on philosophy itself, and so is part of philosophy. If one lacks the category of philosophy, one can still do philosophy, but one may not be in a position to do metaphilosophy. Cases are discussed of tension between a philosopher’s metaphilosophical theory and their philosophical practice, in epistemology (scepticism), metaphysics (ontological minimalism), and philosophy of language (verificationism and intensionalism). Such tensions often provoke charges of self–defeat. However, the self–defeat turns out to be just one more manifestation of more general inadequacies in the philosophical theory at issue. The epistemology of philosophy is just an application of general epistemology; the philosophy of philosophical language is just an application of general philosophy of language, and so on. These considerations are used to support anti–exceptionalism about philosophy: philosophical thought and talk are much less different from other thought and talk than many philosophers suppose. The second half of the paper describes the author’s own experience of the complex dialectic between metaphilosophy and more general philosophy, in which metaphilosophical disputes about specific aspects of philosophical practice draw attention to more general cognitive phenomena, which require to be understood philosophically, but may also call for revisions of philosophical practice in metaphilosophically significant ways.
Faith versus Reason? The Condemnation of 1277 as a Case of Deep Disagreement
Authors: Lenz Martin
Published: January 2025

The Condemnation of 1277 is one of the most salient events in arguing about the nature and boundaries of philosophy. My aim is not to add another estimation of the Condemnation as a clash of faith and reason, but rather to consider the concept of philosophy at work. To sidestep deciding on a particular notion of philosophy in advance, I will focus on the kind of disagreement displayed in the document of the Condemnation. With a side-glance to contemporary argumentation theory, I shall argue that the disagreement we encounter fulfils crucial criteria of what is known today as deep disagreement. We will see that we are in fact dealing not with one concept of philosophy but two different kinds of philosophy. At the same time, it will turn out that the reception has mainly focused on one kind of philosophy only, namely the rationalist approach attacked in the Condemnation.
‘Metaphilosophy’ in Hegel’s Lectures on the History of Philosophy
Authors: Kalatzis Antonios
Published: January 2025

The article aspires to delineate the relation between Hegel’s concept of philosophy and the overarching structure of his Lectures on the History of Philosophy. It sets a fourfold goal. First, to locate the proper position of the history of philosophy in Hegel’s system; second, to reconstruct Hegel’s argument for the necessary historicity of philosophy; third, to showcase the distinctive and, hitherto, underappreciated function of Hegel’s Lectures in the substantiation of his ‘metaphilosophy’; fourth, to identify, arguably for the first time, the five distinctive methodological principles, on the metaphilosophical basis of which, Hegel is organizing the material of the Lectures and the history of philosophy as a whole.
Impact of Cold Surge (CS) on Net Surface Heat Flux (NSHF) in Natuna Sea
Authors: Agdialta Rezfiko , Ningsih Nining Sari , Trilaksono Nurjanna Joko
Published: January 2025

Cold Surge (CS) events are often associated with rainfall occurrences in the Jakarta area. However, there is still limited literature on how CS affects other parameters in Indonesia. This study aims to contribute to this literature, particularly regarding the crucial role of CS in the interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere. This research uses the composite difference method to compare changes in Wind Speed (WS), Latent Heat Flux (LHF), Sensible Heat Flux (SHF), Shortwave Radiation (SWR), Longwave Radiation (LWR), and Net Surface Heat Flux (NSHF) during CS phases versus neutral conditions no CS (nCS). The composite difference results indicate an increase in wind speed in the study area, Natuna Sea, with values of 1.17 m/s, 1.45 m/s, and 1.69 m/s for December, January, and February, respectively. This finding explains that the increase in wind speed significantly influences LHF in the negative direction, meaning more LHF is transferred from the ocean to the atmosphere during the CS phase. LHF also predominantly affects NSHF in the study area during the CS period, indicating that more NSHF is leaving the ocean and entering the atmosphere compared to the amount entering the ocean from the atmosphere during the CS phase.
Study of the effect of lecithin-containing feed additive on the economic and biological qualities of laying hens
Authors:   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Abramov S.V. , Balyshev A.V. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Nevzorova A.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Struk E.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Giro M.V. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production
Published: January 2025

Purpose. Study of the effect of lecithin-containing feed additive on the economic and biological qualities of laying hens.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was conducted at Krestyansky Dvor LLC (Danilovka, Volgograd Region). The objects of the study were 375 32-week-old laying hens (Hysex Brown cross) and the new feed additive Lecitomaks. Three groups were formed (125 laying hens in each). The first group (control) received the main diet. The poultry of the second group were given the feed additive Lecitomaks daily together with compound feed at a rate of 250 g/t of feed, and the third group – at a rate of 500 g/t of feed, respectively. The experiment lasted 60 days. The poultry were weighed on the first day and then on the 30th and 60th days (10 individuals from each group). The digestibility coefficients of feed nutrients were determined according to the method of E.A. Petukhova and V.A. Alikaev (1982); hematological parameters of the experimental bird were measured using URIT 800 Vet and URIT 3020 Vet analyzers (China). Variation statistics methods and the Statistica 10.0 program were used to process the results obtained.
Results. No significant differences in the weight of the birds between the control and experimental groups of laying hens were noted during control weighings during the experiment. According to the balance experiment data, when the feed additive "Lecitomaks" was included in the diet of laying hens, the digestibility of dry matter in experimental groups 1 and 2, compared to the control group, was higher by 0.9 and 2.9%, organic matter – by 3.1 and 4.4% (P≤0.05), crude protein – by 1.2 and 1.9%, crude fat – by 2.1 and 3.0% (P≤0.05), crude fiber – by 6.6 and 12.8% (P≤0.01), nitrogen-free extractive substances – by 1.3 and 3.0%. Egg productivity of laying hens for 1-60 days in experimental groups 1 and 2 was higher than in the control group by 3.0 and 5.2%, safety of poultry by 2.4 and 3.2%. No side effects were observed when using the feed additive "Lecitomaks" in poultry.
Conclusion. The use of new feed additive, the composition of which is based on lecithin, has a positive effect on the economic and biological characteristics of laying hens.
Modes of transition and democratic consolidation in the Third Wave
Authors: Ngai Edward
Published: January 2025

This paper distinguishes between modes of transition according to the institutional arrangements adopted during transitions to democracy. It categorizes 58 Third Wave (1974-2001) transitions into impositions, pacts, and collapses, showing that strategies of regime change are critically anteceded by the relative strength of incumbent and opposition party organizations. It proposes that the dynamics of transition-period events endure and reproduce owing to their influence on party system institutionalization. Whereas transitions by imposition are associated with increasing levels of system stability and transitions by pact with decreasing stability. Outcomes of transitions by collapse vary according to the strength and internal cohesion of opposition party.
Learning signatures in self-reported affect require introspection and are orthogonal to behavior
Authors: Vollberg Marius C. , Sander David , Hare Todd
Published: January 2025

Do people learn to predict their feelings over time, and do such predictions manifest in behavior? Feeling ratings track with what we do. A better understanding of their properties may thus help elucidate behavior. Inspired by reinforcement learning frameworks, differences between expected and experienced feelings—affective prediction errors—have recently been added to the toolkit of behavioral prediction. But the extent of the analogy between affective prediction errors and conventional prediction errors about outcomes in the environment is unknown. Across a reanalysis of existing data (N = 4607) and three pre-registered experiments (N = 968; U.S. online samples collected in 2023), we probe affective prediction errors to document and dissect a core analogy: Learning reflected in decreasing (affective) prediction errors over time. We found that decreases in affective prediction errors depended on introspection, as prior experience with a task absent affective reports did not yield the same decreases (Experiment 1). A task manipulation forcing participants to alter their choices showed increased affective prediction errors, ruling out simple response alignment (i.e., to report feeling “as predicted”; Experiment 2). Decreases in affective prediction errors transferred across structurally similar tasks (i.e., stealing versus giving money; Experiment 3). Although affective prediction errors often tracked with behavior overall, their absolute decrease over time did not. In sum, we present evidence for convergence (i.e., learning and transfer) and divergence (i.e., introspection dependence and predictive epiphenomenality) between affective prediction errors and conventional prediction errors. Implications for the role of affective measures as a proxy for subjective value are discussed.
Future Thinking and Psychopathology: A Review of Dysfunction, Intervention, and a Roadmap for Future Research
Authors: Hallford David John
Published: January 2025

Imagining experiences that might occur in our personal future, i.e., future thinking, is a fundamental ability in healthy psychological functioning. Research over the last few decades indicates that a range of different psychopathologies are related to impairments and biases in future thinking. This includes changes in the content, valence, phenomenological characteristics, and the affective responses that arise from this process. This paper provides a narrative review of current evidence of dysfunction in future thinking in psychopathology, and interventions that focus on future thinking among people experiencing psychopathology. Lastly, it provides a range of suggestions for future research to further our understanding of when and how future thinking dysfunction occurs, how it perpetuates psychopathology, and how we can leverage future thinking to improve people’s mental health.
Identification of the optimal scoring algorithm for a closed-format Faux Pas Recognition Test
Authors: Burghardt Juliane , Gradl Silvia , Knopp Magdalena , Oppenauer Claudia , Sprung Manuel
Published: January 2025

The Faux Pas Recognition Test (FPT) is a popular Theory of Mind (ToM) measure, which has previously been used with an open-answer format. The scoring and interpretation of this format is time-consuming and challenging. Additionally, there is currently no consensus on the correct scoring algorithm. We developed a closed answer format and compared various scoring algorithms to optimize this ToM measure. To assess the convergent and divergent validity, we compared correlations between the improved FPT and another ToM measure (the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition; MASC) and an emotion recognition test (the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test; RMET). Further, we used a ROC analysis, to test which scoring algorithms could best differentiate between a community sample and three clinical samples. The results indicated that the empathy score suggested by Stone et al. (1998a) showed the highest convergent validity and lowest divergent validity. Further, it optimally differentiated between clinical and community samples. Thus, this scoring algorithm showed good construct validity, while at the same time identifying ToM impairments. Based on theoretical considerations, we also suggest to include the intention score. The study emphasizes the importance of selecting validated algorithms for more reliable and valid results.
‘What do I do? Save the environment or let children go hungry?’ Leading English schools at time of climate crisis
Authors: Higham Rupert , Kitson Alison , Sharp Sarah
Published: January 2025

Our analysis of interviews with 10 headteachers of English secondary schools (11-18 years) shows they are keenly aware of the importance of climate change and sustainability issues but are not always able to translate this recognition into action within their schools. Carried out in the summer of 2022, just after the Department for Education’s first Strategy for Climate Change and Sustainability was published, the interviews explored headteachers’ thoughts and actions in response to the climate and ecological crises. Surprising aspects of their responses led us to distinguish in our analysis between ‘surface’ and ‘latent’ meanings. The former revealed competing priorities and a lack of personal expertise that undermine their sense of agency and, in some cases, lead to an over-reliance on a committed individual elsewhere in the school. The latter revealed defensiveness in justifying their alignment with government-led priorities and a sense for some that the interview itself was creating a space to think about these issues properly for the first time. Together, they showed headteachers making painful moral choices between perceived short-term systemic demands and the long-term well-being of students and society.
Association Between Physical Activity, Menstrual Cycle Characteristics and Body Weight in Adolescent Girls in Western Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Keshav Raj , Sapkota Bibechana , Manandhar Sujil , Karki Supendra , Upadhyay Hari Prasad
Published: January 2025

Background: Adolescent girls frequently experience menstrual irregularities that are affected by multiple factors, including body mass index (BMI), exercise habits, nutrition, and sleep routines. This study sought to investigate the relationships among BMI, menstrual cycle disruptions, and lifestyle elements such as exercise, eating habits, and sleep patterns in a group of teenage girls between 13 and 16 years of age.
Method: We conducted a cross-sectional investigation of 301 teenagers. The study gathered information on body mass index, menstrual health, exercise habits, eating patterns, and sleep duration. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and logistic regression models, were used to examine the relationships between these variables and menstrual irregularities.
Result: Participants had a mean age of 14.65 ± 0.86 years. Significant correlations were identified between BMI and factors such as ethnicity, tea intake, and exercise level (p ≤ 0.05). Although no direct link was established between BMI and menstrual irregularity (p = 0.454), certain lifestyle choices were strongly associated with irregular menstruation. These included insufficient physical activity (OR = 2.94, p = 0.042), regular dining out (more than three times weekly; OR = 9.08, p = 0.045), and inadequate rest (p = 0.035). Additionally, dysmenorrhea was significantly associated with menstrual irregularity (p = 0.022), suggesting a possible shared hormonal mechanism underlying both the conditions.
Conclusion: Although body mass index (BMI) did not show a direct correlation with menstrual irregularities, various lifestyle elements such as exercise habits, nutritional intake, and hours of sleep were found to be key factors influencing menstrual health. This underscores the crucial role of maintaining a wholesome lifestyle, encompassing regular physical activity, a well-balanced diet, and adequate rest in promoting normal menstrual cycles among teenage girls. Additional long-term research is required to investigate cause-and-effect relationships between these lifestyle factors and disruptions in menstrual patterns.
A Cytohistological Correlation Study of Thyroid Lesions: Our Institutional Experience
Authors: Bishwokarma Sailendra
Published: January 2025

Background: Thyroid neck masses are common clinical presentations, encompassing a spectrum of benign and malignant conditions. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) serves as an initial diagnostic tool for evaluating these masses, while histopathological examination (HPE) remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis.
Method: This prospective study reviewed data from 49 patients with thyroid swelling who underwent FNAC followed by surgical resection at our institution. FNAC results were categorized into colloid goitre, papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular neoplasm, thyroiditis, Hurthle cell adenoma and inconclusive . HPE findings were used to determine sensitivity, specificity, and overall diagnostic concordance.
Result: FNAC demonstrated a high concordance rate (92%) with HPE. Colloid goitre was accurately diagnosed in 97% (33/34) of cases, and thyroiditis in 100% (2/2) of cases. For papillary thyroid carcinoma, FNAC identified 5 cases, with HPE detecting an additional case. Challenges were noted in diagnosing follicular neoplasms, where HPE revealed 3 adenomas and 2 carcinomas. Sensitivity exceeded 90% for colloid goitre and thyroiditis, though specificity was lower for follicular neoplasms due to cytological limitations.
Conclusion: FNAC is an effective and reliable preliminary diagnostic tool for thyroid neck masses; however, it has limitations in differentiating follicular neoplasms and some malignancies. HPE remains indispensable for definitive diagnosis. Combining both methods ensures accuracy and facilitates appropriate management.
Teaching and Researching: An Auto-ethnographic Study
Authors: Nepal Arun
Published: January 2025

This article attempts to view myself through an auto-ethnographic lens and tries to answer one of the crucial questions - who am I from an academic perspective? The bedrock of this question is the deep realization of the significance of knowing oneself and reflecting on own teaching and researching experiences that can refine and sharpen the teaching profession in general, and own teaching and researching skills in particular. Therefore, I used my nineteen academic articles, four mini-researches, and one large-scale research as major sources of data for this auto-ethnographic study. I wrote them during my two-and-a-half decade-long teaching career. Indeed, they helped me know myself from an academic perspective; and I found that I am a professional teacher, reflective practitioner, critical thinker, classroom researcher, teacher-researcher, action researcher, and an auto-ethnographer who is keenly interested in fostering the research culture as a way of academic life following the essence of the glocalization.
Aplikasi Monitoring Perkembangan Anak Pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Berbasis Mobile
Authors: Vadlya Vadlya Maarif , Sardiarinto Sardiarinto , Saputro Eko , Muhammad Nur Hidayat , Fandi Dwi Imaniawan Fabriyan
Published: January 2025

Banyak sekali masyarakat yang tidak memperhatikan perkembangan maupun pertumbuhan anak. Peran orangtua diperlukan agar anaknya dapat tumbuh dan berkembang secara optimal. Penilaian dilembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini(PAUD) memiliki beberapa tahapan yang harus dilakukan mulai dari penilaian harian, mingguan, bulanan, semester. Guru di sekolah kelompok bermain dalam melakukan penilaian terhadap perkembangan peserta didik masih belum optimal. Proses pelaporan hasil monitoring tumbuh kembang anak dilakukan sebagian besar sekolah masih dilakukan secara manual. Orang tua tidak tahu capaian anak saat di sekolah dan orang tua masih bingung apa yang masih kurang dari pembelajaran orang tua saat anak berada di rumah. Agar orang tua dapat mengetahui perkembangan anak secara realtime orang tua harus selalu mendapatkan informasi dari guru setiap hari. Teknologi berbasis mobile perlu dimanfaatkan untuk memaksimalkan proses monitoring perkembangan anak pada POS Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Abimanyu pada saat ini. Model proses pengembangan Aplikasi yang digunakan adalah metode RAD terdiri dari Requirement Planning, User Design, Construction, dan Cutover. Penelitian ini menghasilkan Aplikasi Monitoring Anak Usia Dini berbasis android yang dibangun untuk proses pemantauan laporan untuk mengontrol kegiatan siswa disekolah dan mempermudah memberikan informasi perkembangan kegiatan anak kepada orang tua
Retorika Dan Gaya Bahasa Kritik Sosial Dalam Stand Up Comedy Abdur Dan Riri
Authors: Nurhayati Kristina , Yulita Henilia , Hermawan Dony , Hasbiyah Desi
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana stand up comedy digunakan sebagai alat untuk menyampaikan kritik sosial, dengan fokus pada dua komedian, Abdur dan Riri. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi penampilan stand up, wawancara dengan komedian, dan analisis konten materi komedi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Abdur dan Riri menggunakan teknik retorika dan gaya bahasa yang khas untuk mengungkapkan kritik sosial yang tajam. Abdur memanfaatkan kecerdasannya dan wawasan luasnya untuk menyoroti isu-isu kebijakan dan sosial, sementara Riri menggunakan pendekatan komedi yang segar untuk menyoroti ketidakadilan ekonomi dan sosial. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa stand up comedy dapat berfungsi efektif sebagai media kritik sosial yang mempengaruhi audiens dengan cara yang menghibur dan mencerahkan.
Pengaruh Getok Tular, Promosi, Biaya, dan Lokasi Terhadap Keputusan Kuliah di Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta
Authors: Awang Herjuna  , Imam basri Anindita , Arista Natia Afriany
Published: January 2025

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh getok tular, promosi, biaya, dan lokasi berpengaruh pada keputusan mahasiswa memilih universitas PGRI Yogyakarta.
Metodologi: Jenis penelitian yang diguanakan pada penlitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 100 sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda menggunakan program aplikasi SPSS 16. 0
Temuan: Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Getok tular, promosi, biaya, dan lokasi memiliki pengaruh terhadap keputusan mahasiswa memilih Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta.
Orisinalitas: Penelitian ini berkontribusi untuk menambah studi literatur mengenai keputusan memilih dengan mengambil subjek Mahasiswa Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta.