bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Climatology and Synoptic Conditions of Tropical Cyclone Recurvature over the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh
Authors: Shuvo Saurav Dey , Sultana Syeda Sabrina
Published: May 2022

Recurvature in tropical cyclones is not very uncommon, but rare. There are instances of recurved tropical cyclones forming over the Bay of Bengal. Some of them have hit the coastal regions of Bangladesh. In this research, the climatology and synoptic conditions of such events have been assessed. It has been found that 25 recurved tropical cyclones have hit Bangladesh throughout the period from 1891 to 2019. Most of them have occurred during the post-monsoon season. Again, there have been more cases of recurvature in tropical cyclones that hit the southwest coastal region of Bangladesh than the southeast. Although there are some differences between the direction and speed for the two coasts, but there are not much differences between them for their vector or scalar speeds. In addition, further assessment of the wind speeds and the intensities of tropical cyclones have revealed some interesting findings. The analyses of synoptic conditions for the recurved tropical cyclones have also obtained some important results. All these results and findings will aid in better forecasting of recurved tropical cyclones in the future.
The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Centennial Special Volume June 2022: 131-141
Flood Hazard Assessment of the Bangshi River Floodplain using an Integrated 1D/2D Coupled Hydraulic Model
Authors: Hossain Md Jakir , Kamal ASM Maksud , Hossain Md Shakhawat , Rahman Md Mostafizur , Rahman Md Zillur
Published: May 2022

In the present study, the flood hazard of the Bangshi River, located in the Savar Industrial Area of Dhaka District, has been evaluated. The historical flood extent analysed from the Landsat satellite images suggests that most parts of the study area were flooded during the major flood events in Bangladesh. The flood flow data were fitted with different analytical frequency distribution functions, and it is found that the Pearson III distribution function best fits with the observed data based on the Chi-Squared statistical test. Then, the flood flow model of the Bangshi River as well as the surrounding floodplain area was developed using the HEC-RAS 1D-2D coupled hydraulic model. The model was simulated with an estimated flow of 100-year and 500-year return periods. The analysis of the historical flood data shows that the water level exceeds the danger level at the nearby monitoring station of the study area in different years. In the study area, devastating floods occurred in the years 1988 and 1998. The maximum flood level was 9.9 m during the flood event of 1988. The analysis of Landsat satellite images also shows that about 69% and 58% of the study area were flooded during the floods of 1988 and 1998, respectively. The roadways provide flood protection barriers in the western side of the study area for the flood water coming from the Bangshi River system unless the road is overtopped. The simulated result shows that about 68% and 79% of the study area will be inundated for the 100-year and 500-year return periods, respectively. The simulated maximum flood velocity for the 100-year and 500-year return period is 2.31 m/s and 4.52 m/s, and the flood duration for the same return periods is about 32.5 days and 48.95 days, respectively. The simulated flood depth, duration, and velocity maps can be used for any development activities within the study area.
The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Centennial Special Volume June 2022: 167-186
Tingkat Depresi pada Pasien Kanker di RSUP Dr. Sardjito, Yogyakarta, dan RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo, Purwokerto: Pilot Study
Authors: S WIDIYONO , SETIYARINI SRI , EFFENDY CHRISTANTIE
Published: May 2022

Depression is psychological distress often occurred on cancer patient. Depression can increase perception about pain, reducing drug efficacy and longer length of stay at hospital. The objective of this study was to describe the condition of cancer patients depression who undergoing treatment at RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta and RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. This was a descriptive study using a cross sectional design and a pilot study. Subject were taken using non probability with purposive sampling technique. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was employed for selection purposes. From this study, 25,71% are experienced with mild depression, 45,71% had moderate depression and 28,58% suffered severe depression. We propose that medicine has been rated helpful by cancer patient. Psycotherapy like music therapy is part of Complementery and Alternative Medicine (CAM) can also be considered useful in lowering negative emotions beside of routine medicine like psychopharmaceutical. Doctor and Nurse can safely recommend any of these interventions for depression.ABSTRAK Depresi merupakan masalah psikologi yang sering terjadi pada pasien kanker. Depresi dapat meningkatkan persepsi pasien akan rasa sakit, menurunkan sensitivitas khasiat pengobatan, dan memperpanjang waktu rawat di rumah sakit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kondisi depresi pada pasien kanker yang dirawat di RSUP Dr. Sardjito, Yogyakarta, dan RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo, Purwokerto. Ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional dan merupakan pilot study . Total jumlah sampel adalah 70 responden. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara non probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling . Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 25,71% pasien kanker mengalami depresi ringan; 45,71% mengalami depresi sedang; dan 28,58% mengalami depresi berat. Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa diperlukan intervensi yang tepat untuk mengatasi gejala depresi. Selain pemberian psikofarmaka, tenaga kesehatan, khususnya dokter dan perawat, dapat memberikan psikoterapi lain, misalnya terapi musik yang merupakan bagian dari terapi komplementer
Penerapan Sanksi Pidana Terhadap Eksploitasi Pada Kawasan Hutan Konservasi di Wilayah Kota Sorong
Authors: Hidaya Wahab Aznul , Lestaluhu Rajab
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui Penerapan sanksi dalam melaksanakan prosedur yangÂ  telah ditetapkan dalam peraturan perundang-undangan yang korelasi yuridisnya berkaitan denganÂ  tugasÂ  danÂ  fungsiÂ  kinerjaÂ  BKSDAÂ  sebagaimanaÂ  tertuang dalam Undang-Undang NoÂ  5Â  TahunÂ  1990, dengan kajian dan analisa mendalam terhadap penerapanÂ  sanksiÂ  pidanaÂ  danÂ  penghambat keberhasilan pelaksanaan BKSDA, sertaÂ  pandanganÂ  masyarakat terhadap kinerja BKSDA kota Sorong.PenelitianÂ  iniÂ  diÂ  laksanakanÂ  diÂ  BKSDAÂ  KotaÂ  sorongÂ  denganÂ  mengambilÂ  sampelÂ  pegawai BKSDAÂ  Kota sorong,Â  yang dilakukan dengan pengamatan secara mendalam mengenai gejalaÂ  yangÂ  diteliti.Â  DiÂ  sampingÂ  wawancaraÂ  terstrukturÂ  denganÂ  responden,Â  denganÂ  lokasiÂ  yang berbedaâ€“beda, sehingga peneliti dapat menelaah rasionalitas dan akurasi implementasi atau pelaksanaan penerapan sanksi yang dilakukan oleh BKSDA Kota sorong, danÂ  ratingÂ  ekspektasi publikÂ  terhadapÂ  bobotÂ  pelaksanaan penerapan sanksi terhadap eksploitasi pada kawasanÂ  hutan konservasi di Kota sorong.Temuan yang diperoleh dalam penelitian diantara lain adalah: (1) Mengetahui penghambat penerapan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penambangan liar terbuka di dalam kawasan hutan konservasi. (2) BKSDA Kota sorongÂ  mampuÂ  untukÂ  menerapkanÂ  sanksiÂ  pidanaÂ  terhadapÂ  penyelenggara eksploitasi di KotaÂ  sorongÂ  yangÂ  padaÂ  aspekÂ  hukumÂ  terhadapÂ  tindakÂ  pidana pelaku penambangan liar terbuka di dalamÂ  kawasanÂ  konservasiÂ  hutan danÂ  mampuÂ  untukÂ  bisaÂ  terealisasiÂ  denganÂ  baikÂ  yangÂ  telah ditetapkanÂ  padaÂ  peraturan perundangâ€“undangan yang mengatur tentangÂ  terkaitÂ  Balai Besar Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam pada kawasan Hutan.Sebagai bahan informasiÂ  bagi masyarakat mengenaiÂ  potensiÂ  sumberÂ  dayaÂ  hutanÂ  sertaÂ  caraÂ  pengelolaannya di Kota sorong, sehingga mampu untuk dijadikan sebagai salah satu bahan pada bagian stakeholder, pemerintah, maupun swasta dalam pengambilan keputusan dan berkaitan dengan penggunaan dan pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Alam yang terdapat pada kawasan hutan konservasi Agraria kehutanan yang berada pada wilayah Kota sorong sebagai Zona yang memiliki kawasan hutan yang begitu besar dan sangat bermanfaatkan bagi masyarakat Kota Sorong.
Perencanaan Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu 3R Di Kelurahan Klawuyuk Sorong Timur Papua Barat
Authors: Wasaraka Annisa Mega Maharani , Sinery Anton S. , Hendri Eng.
Published: May 2022

Sorong merupakan Kota yang ada di Provinsi Papua Barat, perlu melakukan pengelolaan sampah secara serius sejalan dengan semakin bertambahnya jumlah penduduk, khusunya di Kelurahan Klawuyuk Sorong Timur.Timbulan sampah yang dihasilkan cenderung semakin bertambah karena itu diperlukan pengolahan alternatif, yaitu pembangunan Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu (TPST) 3R yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi laju pembuangan sampah dan pengolahan yang harus dikelola di Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) yang secara langsung dapat memperpanjang umur TPA. Dengan menggunakan analisis TOWS (Threats Opportunity Weakness Strenghts) melihat faktor eksternal dan faktor internal dalam Perencanaan Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu diKelurahan Klawuyuk Sorong Timur.Penelitian bertujuan untuk Perencanaan Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu di Kelurahan Klawuyuk Sorong Timur. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif dengan sampel sampah dari rumah warga Kelurahan Klawuyuk.Tahapan-tahapan penelitian meliputi identifikasi masalah, pengumpulan data-data penunjang tentang Kelurahan Klawuyuk, analisis TOWS, harga Satuan Bahan Kota Sorong dan mencari volume serta timbulan sampah yang dihasilkan masyarakat dibagi sesuai klasifikasi rumah. Kemudian dilakukan analisa data secara keseluruhan dari data yang telah dikumpulkan.Volume timbulan rata-rata sampah di Kelurahan Klawuyuk adalah sebesar 1,95 liter/orang/hari serta berat timbulan rata-rata sampah di Kelurahan Klawuyuk sebesar 0,42 Kg/org/hari dan luas Total Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu (TPST) di Kelurahan Klawuyukadalah 415,609 m2, dan direncanakan kendaraan yang masuk di TPST di Kelurahan Klawuyukdalam 4 (empat) rit, dengan rit pertama masuk pada pukul 08.00 WIT, rit kedua pukul 10.00 WIT, rit ketiga pukul 13.00 WIT dan rit keempat pukul 15.00 WIT.
Bioakumulasi Logam Tembaga (Cu) Dan Kadmium (Cd) Pada Kerang Karawauw (Batissa violacea) Di Sungai Wosimi Teluk Wondama
Authors: Mangallo Bertha , Mufidah Fiandani
Published: May 2022

Kerang Batissa violacea dikenal sebagai Kerang Karawauw merupakan salah satu sumber daya perairan Teluk Wondama yang dikonsumsi dan mempunyai nilai ekonomi. Peningkatan jumlah penduduk dan aktivitas pelayaran serta perikanan berdampak pada kualitas perairan disekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi logam Cu dan Cd dalam air, sedimen, dan Kerang Karawauw (Batissa violacea) di Sungai Wosimi dan mengetahui tingkat bioakumulasi Kerang Karawauw (Batissa violacea) terhadap logam Cu dan Cd di sungai Wosimi. Metode pengambilan sampel Kerang Karawauw menggunakan metode random sampling, sampel air dan sedimen diambil pada lokasi yang sama dengan lokasi pengambilan sampel kerang. Kandungan logam Cu dan Cd dalam sampel air, kerang dan sedimen dianalisis menggunakan Atomic Absorbance Spectrofotometer (AAS). Konsentrasi logam Cu dalam air berkisar antara <0,0001 - 0.0094 mg/L, konsentrasi logam Cu dalam sedimen berkisar antara 2,60 - 29,74 mg/kg, konsentrasi logam Cu dalam kerang berkisar antara 9,0335 - 34,9200 mg/kg. Konsentrasi logam Cd dalam air berkisar antara <0,0001 - 0.0113 mg/L, konsentrasi logam Cd dalam sedimen berkisar antara <0,0001 - Â 6,54 mg/kg, sedangkan konsentrasi logam Cd dalam kerang adalah < 0,0001 mg/kg pada semua lokasi kajian. Nilai BAFo-w tertinggi untuk logam Cu terdapat pada lokasi IV (K2) sebesar 6020,48 tergolong tingkat akumulasi tinggi, sedangkan nilai BAFo-s tertinggi untuk logam Cu terdapat pada lokasi III (K2) sebesar 8,81 atau tergolong tingkat akumulasi rendah.
UJI ANTAGONIS Trichoderma harzianum TERHADAP Fusarium oxysporum PENYEBAB PENYAKIT LAYU PADA TANAMAN TOMAT (Lycopersicum esculentum) SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Ohorella Zainuddin , Soekamto Mira Herawati , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Hariati Muji
Published: May 2022

Fusarium oxysporum is a very harmful fungus because it can attack tomato plants from germination to maturity. Control of fusarium wilt disease, generally only limited to sanitation, biological control by using a biological control agent (APH) Trichoderma harzianum is an alternative to reduce the use of chemical pesticides in disease control. The experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD), with in vitro testing of Trichoderma harzianum against Fusarium oxysporum from stem, leaf, flower and fruit organs of tomato plants. Trichoderma harzianum in in vitro conditions was able to suppress the growth of Fusarium oxysporum which infects fruit by 100%, tomato flower organs 92,2%, tomato leaf organs 59,0% and from tomato plant stem organs 50,2%.
Melestarikan Tas Noken Sebagai Budaya Papua Barat Di Lingkungan Sekolah SMP Muhammadiyah Al- Amin Kota Sorong
Authors: Soekamto Mira Herawati , Anisa Anisa
Published: May 2022

Noken sebagai budaya asli papua yang telah mendapat pengakuanÂ  dari UNESCO merupakan suatu kerajinan tangan asli mama-mama papua yang perlu diperhatikan kelestariannya. Beberapa upaya telah dilakukan pemerintah tetapi melihat kenyataan yang ada belum dirasakan maksimal karena masih terbatas pada beberapa instansi saja dalam penggunaannya sehingga belum merata di semua kalangan.Â  Menjaga kelestarian Noken, sangat diperlukan suatu upaya yang dilakukan sejak dini misalnya dapat dilakukan melalui sarana pendidikan.Â  SMP Muhammadiyah Al-Amin Kota Sorong merupakan salah satu sekolah yangÂ  dijadikan kajian untuk melihat seberapa besar pengetahuan akan Noken di kalangan siswa, guru dan staf sehingga dapat dasar dalam menjaga kelestarian tas Noken. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1. Untuk mengetahui pendapat siswa SMP Muhammadiyah Al-AminÂ  Kota Sorong tentang kerajinan tangan Noken. 2.Untuk mengetahui keberadaan kerajinan tangan Noken dalam mata pelajaran Di SMP MuhammadiyahÂ  Kota Sorong. 3.Untuk mengetahui perlunya pembuatan kerajinan tangan NokenÂ  di sekolah di SMP Muhammadiyah Al-Amin Kota Sorong. 4. Untuk mengetahui upaya untuk melestarikan kerajinan tangan Noken di sekolah SMP Muhamamdiyah Al-Amin Kota sorong. 5. Untuk mengetahuiÂ  seberapa banyak penggunaan tas Noken di lingkungan SMP Muhammadiyah Al-Amin SorongÂ  Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan lokasi penelitian berada pada SMP Muhammadiyah Al-Amin Sorong dan wawancara yang dilakukan pada beberapa guru, murid dan staf yang kemudian dianalisisÂ  secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan Siswa sudah mengetahui keberadaan Noken sebagai salah satu kebudayaanÂ  asli Papua Barat, Keberadaan kerajinan tangan noken belum masuk ke dalam mata pelajaran teori seperti seni budaya, untuk mata pelajaran ketrampilan sudah diajarkan tetapi belum maksimal, upaya untuk melestarikan kerajinan tangan noken belum dilakukan dan masih akan direncanakan diterapkan disemester depan dan penggunaan tas Noken di lingkungan SMP Muhammadiyah al-AminÂ  belum banyak menggunakan baik dari siswa, guru maupun staf sekolah.
Sosialisasi Terhadap Penegakan Hukum Atas Transportasi Publik Akibat Tindak Pidana Kelalaian Lalu Lintas Kapal Laut (Perspektif Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pelayaran)
Authors: Koswara Indra Yudha , Faridah Hana
Published: May 2022

Di Indonesia jumlah kecelakaan kapal laut terus mengalami penurunan pada setiap tahunnya, namun jumlah korban masih sangat tinggi. Hal ini memberi gambaran yang mana bahwasannya walaupun Indonesia terkenal sebagai negara maritim tetapi faktanya Indonesia masih sering mengalami kecelakaan, sehingga masyarakat masih belum dapat merasakan perlindungan keselamatan dan keamanan pelayaran yang maksimal. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi atau pemahaman kepada masyarakat pada umumnya dan kepada pengguna jasa trasportasi laut pada khususnya, Mengenai aturan hukum dan bentuk pertanggung jawaban yang timbul akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas kapal laut serta perlindungan hukum bagi masyarakat dan khususnya para awak kapal jika terjadi permasalahan saat melakukan kegiatan di lapangan. Sehingga diharapkan dengan adanya pemahaman tersebut, dapat meminimalisir terjadinya pelanggaran terhadap keselamatan dan keamanan pelayaran.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Masyarakat Kampung Klabot Melalui Pelatihan Menjahit
Authors: Tabara Reijeng
Published: May 2022

Kampung Klabot merupakan daerah terletak di Distrik Klabot Kabupaten Sorong yang mempunyai potensi Sumber Daya Manusia cukup besar. Namun, Peningkatan keterampilan Sumber Daya Manusia sebagai salah satu kunci keberhasilan pembangunan di Kampung Klabot masih menjadi hambatan kemajuan kelompok masyarakat terutama kalangan perempuan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini difokuskan pada (a) Pemanfaatan waktu kosong para ibu rumah tangga kampung klabot disamping tugas utamanya sebagai pengurus Rumah Tangga; (b) Peningkatan kemampuan para ibu rumah tangga kampung klabot sehingga dapat bernilai jual guna mendukung ekonomi keluarga; (c) menjadikan ibu rumah tangga kampung klabot mandiri dalam berwirausaha melalui menjahit. Metode yang digunakan adalah melalui Sosialisasi dan Pelatihan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peserta merasa puas dengan adanya pelatihan, indeks Kepuasan peserta paling tinggi berkaitan dengan kejelasan materi dan kesesuaian materi dengan tujuan pelatihan. Hampir seluruh peserta memberikan skor kepuasan antara tiga dan empat. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa pelatihan menjahit sangat diterima baik oleh para peserta pelatihan masyarakat kampung Klabot.
PkM Pakan Ikan Fermentasi Berbahan Limbah Ikan PPI Klaligi Bagi Masyarakat Rawasugi Kabupaten Sorong
Authors: Fahrizal Ahmad , Ratna Ratna , Nurastri Vista Dhea , Mugu Hans Anton
Published: May 2022

Tujuan pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat di Kampung Rawasugi, Distrik Salawati, Kabupaten Sorong adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman dan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat tentang pembuatan pakan ikan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode ceramah dan demonstrasi bersama masyarakat kampung Rawasugi tentang cara pembuatan pakan ikan fermentasi untuk mendukung gerakan pakan mandiri (Gerpari). Hasil pelaksanaan PkM ini bahwa masyarakat kampung Rawasugi dapat mengetahui cara pembuatan pakan ikan fermentasi berbahan limbah ikan asalÂ  PPI Klaligi, Kota Sorong serta bahan lokal mengingat selama ini khususnya masyarakat Kampung Rawasugi yang berlatar belakang petani dan pembudidaya ikan mengalami kesulitan akan pengadaan pakan dan diharapkan dengan adanya pelatihan ini berdampak pada pengembangan kemampuan masyarakat pembudidaya ikan guna mengatasi kesulitan dalam pembuatan pakan ikan.
Pengenalan Bahasa Dan Budaya Amerika Bagi Pegawai Kecamatan Tembalang Semarang
Authors: Shinta Qurinta , Anggraheni Dini
Published: May 2022

Kegiatan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat ini bertema â€œPengenalan Bahasa dan Budaya Amerika dan Britishâ€ ini adalah merupakan bagian dari Tri Dharma perguruan tinggi yang harus dilaksanakan oleh dosen. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan Bahasa dan Budaya Bahasa Inggris versi Amerika dan versi British agar para peserta yaitu 18 pegawai kecamatan Tembalang ini bisa berkomunikasi secara lisan dan tulisan dalam Bahasa Inggris dengan lebih baik serta menghindari adalah kesalahpahaman karena perbedaan budaya. Metode pelaksanaan pelatihan yaitu pengenalan budaya dan Bahasa Inggris Amerika-British yang dilakukan dengan metode pemberian ceramah, berdiskusi serta pemberian contoh dengan perpaduan teori dan praktek dalam kelompok maupun berpasangan serta diskusi dan unjuk kerja hasil workshop di akhir pelatihan dengan fokus materi pada perbedaan penggunaan antara American dan British English.
Implementasi Posyandu â€œBalita Sehatâ€ Dengan Screening dalam Upaya Deteksi Dini Gangguan Tumbuh Kembang Anak di Kabupaten Nganjuk
Authors: Nurahmawati Dhewi , Mulazimah Mulazimah , Ikawati Yani , Sushanty Emy Ika Marya , Tae Yanuaria Ariance , Malega Jesica Vifera , Tyas Adelia Widyaning
Published: May 2022

Pemantauan Tumbuh kembang sangat penting bagi anak pada masa golden period. Peran orang tua, keluarga, kader posyandu dan tenaga kesehatan sangat penting dalam memantau tumbuh kembang anak dan stimulasi anak sejak dini untuk meminimalkan penyimpangan dan permasalahan tumbuh kembang anak. Pengabdian masyarakat ini menggunakan metode teknik komunikatif dengan tiga pendekatan yaitu ceramah, demonstrasi, tanyajawab dan diskusi. Hasil dari penyuluhan, bagi ibu, pelatihan bagi kader posyandu dan implementasi posyandu balita dengan skrinning tumbuh kembang anak oleh tenaga kesehatan dan kader posyandu sangat bermanfaat untuk memantau kondisi anak, meningkatkan kesehatan, pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak,Â  mengurangi morbiditas dan mortalitas anak.Â Â
Variability in grazing on juvenile giant kelp throughout an upwelling season
Authors: Ng CA , Micheli F
Published: May 2022

Upwelling provides high amounts of nutrients that support primary production in coastal habitats, including giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera forests. Growth and recruitment of kelp forests are controlled by environmental conditions, including temperature, nutrient availability, and storms, as well as biotic interactions. However, our understanding of juvenile persistence in the field is extremely limited, particularly the effects of grazing on the survival of early kelp stages and how environmental variability associated with upwelling dynamics may modulate grazing effects. We quantified herbivore impacts on juvenile M. pyrifera by deploying thirteen 24 h caging experiments approximately every 2 wk throughout the upwelling season in a giant kelp forest in Monterey Bay, CA, USA. Experiments spanned a range of natural environmental variation in oxygen, pH, and temperature, conditions known to affect grazer physiology and that are projected to become more extreme under global climate change. Overall, the herbivore community had a large effect on kelp survival, with 68.5% of juvenile kelp removed on average across experiments. Grazing increased throughout the season, which was most strongly correlated with decreasing monthly oxygen variance and weakly correlated with decreasing monthly pH variance and increasing temperature. This suggests that large swings in oxygen during peak kelp recruitment in spring may provide a temporal refuge from grazing, allowing kelp to reach larger sizes by late summer and fall when upwelling has relaxed. This study highlights the potential of current environmental variability, and its predicted increase under future scenarios, to mediate species interactions and habitat persistence.
Emisiones de CO2 y contenidos de carbono de la biomasa microbiana del suelo en el “Bosque Protector Murocomba”, occidente de los Andes Ecuatorianos
Authors:   Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, Belezaca Pinargote Carlos Eulogio , Morales Escobar Cinthya Katherine ,   Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, Solano Apuntes Edison Hidalgo ,   Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, Solano Apuntes Alex Paul ,   Instituto Superior Tecnológico Ciudad de Valencia, Díaz Navarrete Paola Eunice ,   Universidad Católica de Temuco
Published: May 2022

Se cuantificaron las emisiones de CO2, contenidos de carbono orgánico (Corgánico), y biomasa microbiana del suelo (BMS), desde suelos con diferentes usos antropogénicos en el“Bosque Protector Murocomba” (BPM). Se estudiaron cinco tratamientos (bosque primario, bosque secundario, barbecho, plantación de Gmelina arbórea, y pastizal). Por tratamiento se colectaron 3 muestras de suelo, y estimó la BMS (fúngica y bacteriana), emisiones de CO2 mediante la técnica de respiración inducida de sustrato usando glucosa como inductor, estreptomicina y cloranfenicol para inhibir poblaciones bacterianas, cicloheximida y captan 80, como inhibidores fúngicos. El CO2 liberado se atrapó en una solución de NaOH (0,1 M) y tituló con HCl (0,1 M).Los contenidos de Corgánico total, biomasa microbiana activa y emisiones de CO2, fueron superiores en el suelo de bosque primario: 20,0 mg kg-1, 6,7 mg C-microbiano g-1 de suelo seco (mg C-mic g-1 ss), y 50,4 mg CO2 100 g-1 s hora-1. En el suelo de pastizal se detectaron los menores contenidos: 12,5 mg kg-1, 2,1 mg C-mic g-1 ss, y 15,9 mg CO2 en 100 g-1 s hora-1,respectivamente. En todos los suelos predominó la biomasa fúngica, por sobre la bacteriana. Estos resultados evidencian que los suelos del BPM son importantes reservas de C orgánico, sin embargo, las intervenciones antropogénicas generan cambios en la dinámica de la microbiota y biogeoquímica de estos bosques naturales ubicados en las estribaciones occidentales de los Andes. Este estudio constituye una línea base que puede ubicar al BPM como un punto control para futuros estudios de biogeoquímica global.
A Non-Linear Osteometric Modeling Method for Three-Dimensional Mandibular Morphological Changes During Growth: One-Year Monitoring of Miniature Pigs Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Lin Hsien-Shu , Lu Tung-Wu , Li Jia-Da , Lee Pei-An , Chen Yunn-Jy
Published: May 2022

Knowledge of mandibular growth and development is essential for diagnosis of malformation and early interception. A previous method of quantifying mandibular growth using the distances between selected anatomical landmarks over the growth period does not provide a complete, quantitative description of the continuous growth patterns. The current study aimed to bridge the gap by measuring the 3D continuous growth of the mandible in miniature pigs using cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT). The mandibles of the pigs were CBCT-scanned monthly over 12 months, and the 3D mandibular models were reconstructed. A new non-linear, time-dependent osteometric modeling approach was developed to register two consecutive mandible models by searching for the corresponding points with the highest likelihood of matching the anatomical and morphological features so that the morphological changes patterns for each month could be described using color maps on the models. The morphological changes of the mandible were found to decrease anteriorly, with the condyle region and the posterior part of the ramus growing faster than the rest of the mandible. The condyle region showed the fastest growth rate and the posterior ramus the second during the growth period, while the middle and anterior corpus regions showed the slowest growth rates. In conclusion, the current results revealed the non-linear patterns and rates of morphological changes in different growth regions and the whole mandible. The new approach may also be useful for future studies on the growth of the mandible in other animals.
A Comparison of Plyometric and Jump Rope Training Programs for Improving Punching Performance in Junior Amateur Boxers
Authors: Chottidao Monchai , Kuo Chia-Hua , Tsai Shiow-Chwen , Hwang Ing-Shiou , Lin Jiu-Jenq , Tsai Yung-Shen
Published: May 2022

Improving lower extremity sports performance may contribute to punching performance in boxers. We compared the effects of two typical boxing routines for developing lower extremity sports performance and subsequent punching performance. Twenty-four high school amateur boxers between the ages of 12 and 18 performed training at least 3 days per week. All Athletes had 3–5 years of experience in boxing training. The participants separated into two groups to receive an 8-week plyometric or jump rope training program. They performed each training program for 30 min on 3 days/week. Lower extremity sports performance in countermovement jump (leg stiffness, jump power, and rate of force development) and jab-cross punching performance (punch velocity, punch force, reaction time, movement time, and ground reaction force) were assessed at pre-and post-training. The data were analyzed using a two-way mixed-design analysis of variance (ANOVA) (group × time). Both training programs improved the rate of force development in countermovement jump, the reaction time of punch, the peak ground reaction force of the rear leg during the jab punch, and the velocity of the jab punch. There were no group differences and interaction effects in all variables analyzed. It is concluded that 8 weeks of plyometric and rope jumping programs had a similar impact on improving lower extremity strength and punching performance. Both training programs may improve muscle strength and power, rate of force development, and reaction time. These improvements may contribute to lower extremity strength for driving a punch at the target with excellent performance.
Electrochemical Mechanism of the Preparation of High-Purity Indium by Electrodeposition
Authors: Hou Zhongmin , Wang Xiaomin , Li Jidong , Li Zhen , Wang Yiyong , Xing Hongxuan
Published: May 2022

Indium is a crucial material and is widely used in high-tech industries, and electrodeposition is an efficient method to recover rare metal resources. In this work, the electrochemical behavior of In3+ was investigated by using different electrochemical methods in electrolytes containing sodium and indium sulfate. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and alternating current impedance (EIS) techniques were used to investigate the reduction reaction of In3+ and the electrocrystallization mechanism of indium in the indium sulfate system. The cyclic voltammetry results showed that the electrodeposition process is irreversible. The average charge transfer coefficient a of In3+ was calculated to be 0.116 from the relationship between the cathodic peak potential and the half-peak potential, and the H+ discharge occurred at a higher negative potential of In3+. The nucleation mechanism of indium electrodeposition was analyzed by chronoamperometry. The mechanism of indium at potential steps of −0.3 to −0.6 V was close to diffusion-controlled instantaneous nucleation with a diffusion coefficient of 7.31 × 10−9 cm2 s−1. The EIS results demonstrated that the reduction process of In3+ is subject to a diffusion-controlled step when pH = 2.5 and the applied potential was −0.5 V. SEM and XRD techniques indicated that the cathodic products deposited on the titanium electrode have excellent cleanliness and purity.
Applications of Chinese Camellia oleifera and its By-Products: A Review
Authors: Quan Wenxuan , Wang Anping , Gao Chao , Li Chaochan
Published: May 2022

Camellia oleifera is a woody oil tree species unique to China that has been cultivated and used in China for more than 2,300 years. Most biological research on C. oleifera in recent years has focused on the development of new varieties and breeding. Novel genomic information has been generated for C. oleifera, including a high-quality reference genome at the chromosome level. Camellia seeds are used to process high-quality edible oil; they are also often used in medicine, health foods, and daily chemical products and have shown promise for the treatment and prevention of diseases. C. oleifera by-products, such as camellia seed cake, saponin, and fruit shell are widely used in the daily chemical, dyeing, papermaking, chemical fibre, textile, and pesticide industries. C. oleifera shell can also be used to prepare activated carbon electrodes, which have high electrochemical performance when used as the negative electrode of lithium-ion batteries. C. oleifera is an economically valuable plant with diverse uses, and accelerating the utilization of its by-products will greatly enhance its industrial value.
Trends in 10-Year Predicted Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Associated With Food Insecurity, 2007–2016
Authors: Sharedalal Parija , Shah Neal , Sreenivasan Jayakumar , Michaud Liana , Sharedalal Anmol , Kaul Risheek , Panza Julio A. , Aronow Wilbert S. , Cooper Howard A.
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Consumption of a healthy diet improves cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and reduces the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Food insecure (FIS) adults often consume an unhealthy diet, which can promote obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension (HTN), and hyperlipidemia (HLD). The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is designed to combat food insecurity by increasing access to healthy foods. However, there is a paucity of data on the association of SNAP participation among FIS adults and these CVD risk factors.

Methods

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a publicly available, ongoing survey administered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Center for Health Statistics. We analyzed five survey cycles (2007–2016) of adult participants who responded to the CVD risk profile questionnaire data. We estimated the burden of select CVD risk factors among the FIS population and the association with participation in SNAP.

Results

Among 10,449 adult participants of the survey, 3,485 (33.3%) identified themselves as FIS. Food insecurity was more common among those who were younger, female, Hispanic, and Black. Among the FIS, SNAP recipients, when compared to non-SNAP recipients, had a lower prevalence of HLD (36.3 vs. 40.1% p = 0.02), whereas rates of T2DM, HTN, and obesity were similar. Over the 10-year survey period, FIS SNAP recipients demonstrated a reduction in the prevalence of HTN (p < 0.001) and HLD (p < 0.001) which was not evident among those not receiving SNAP. However, obesity decreased only among those not receiving SNAP. The prevalence of T2DM did not change over the study period in either group.

Conclusion

Over a 10-year period, FIS adults who received SNAP demonstrated a reduction in the prevalence of HTN and HLD, which was not seen among those not receiving SNAP. However, the prevalence of obesity and T2DM did not decline among SNAP recipients, suggesting that additional approaches are required to impact these important CVD risk factors.
Effects of Microbial-Mineral Interactions on Organic Carbon Stabilization in a Ponderosa Pine Root Zone: A Micro-Scale Approach
Authors: Dohnalkova Alice C. , Tfaily Malak M. , Chu Rosalie K. , Smith A. Peyton , Brislawn Colin J. , Varga Tamas , Crump Alex R. , Kovarik Libor , Thomashow Linda S. , Harsh James B. , Keller C. Kent , Balogh-Brunstad Zsuzsanna
Published: May 2022

Soil microbial communities affect the formation of micro-scale mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) where complex processes, including adhesion, aggregate formation, microbial mineral weathering and soil organic matter stabilization occur in a narrow zone of large biogeochemical gradients. Here we designed a field study to examine carbon stabilization mechanisms by using in-growth mesh bags containing biotite that were placed in a ponderosa pine root zone for 6 months and compared to the surrounding bulk soil. We sought to determine the composition of the microbial community in the mesh bags compared to the surrounding soils, analyze the direct interactions between microbes and biotite, and finally identify the nature of the newly formed MAOM within the mesh-bags. Our results revealed that minerals in the mesh bags were colonized by a microbial community that produced organic matter in situ. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and ITS2 region characterization showed phylogenetic similarity between the mesh bag and bulk soil archaea/bacteria and fungi microbiomes, with significant differences in alpha- and beta-diversity and species abundances. Organic matter pools in the mesh bags, analyzed by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, contained protein- (peptides) and lipid-like compounds while the bulk soil OM was comprised of lignin-like and carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules. These results support that the newly formed biotite associated organic compounds have a microbial signature in the mesh bags. High-resolution electron microscopy documented strongly adhered organic compounds to biotite surfaces, formation of microaggregates, elemental uptake at the microbe (organic matter)-mineral interface, and distortion of biotite layers. Overall, this study shows the direct and indirect involvement of soil microbial communities from the root zone of ponderosa pine in the formation of MAOM, soil organic carbon stabilization, microaggregation, and mineral weathering at micro- and nano-scales.
Fertility Preservation for Adolescent and Young Adult Transmen: A Case Series and Insights on Oocyte Cryopreservation
Authors: Barrett Francesca , Shaw Jacquelyn , Blakemore Jennifer K. , Fino Mary Elizabeth
Published: May 2022

Background

The opportunity for fertility preservation in adolescent and young adult (AYA) transmen is growing. Many AYA transmen desire future biologic children and are interested in ways to preserve fertility through oocyte cryopreservation prior to full gender affirmation, yet utilization of oocyte cryopreservation remains low. Additionally, standard practice guidelines currently do not exist for the provision of oocyte cryopreservation to AYA transmen. Our objective was to review our experience with oocyte cryopreservation in adolescent and young adult transmen in order to synthesize lessons regarding referral patterns, utilization, and oocyte cryopreservation outcomes as well as best practices to establish treatment guidance.

Methods

This is a case series of all AYA transmen (aged 10 to 25 years) who contacted, consulted or underwent oocyte cryopreservation at a single high volume New York City based academic fertility center between 2009 and 2021.

Results

Forty-four adolescent and young adult transmen made contact to the fertility center over the study period. Eighty percent (35/44) had a consultation with a Reproductive and Endocrinology specialist, with a median age of 16 years (range 10 to 24 years) at consultation. The majority were testosterone-naive (71%, 25/35), and had not pursued gender affirming surgery (86%, 30/35). Expedited initiation of testosterone remained the most commonly cited goal (86%, 30/35). Fifty-seven percent (20/35) pursued oocyte cryopreservation. Ninety-five percent (19/20) underwent successful transvaginal oocyte aspiration, with a median of 22 oocytes retrieved and 15 mature oocytes cryopreserved. There were no significant adverse events. At time of review, no patient has returned to utilize their cryopreserved oocytes.

Conclusions

Oocyte cryopreservation is a safe fertility preservation option in AYA transmen and is an important aspect of providing comprehensive transgender care. Insights from referral patterns, utilization, and oocyte cryopreservation outcomes from a single center’s experience with adolescent and young adult transmen can be integrated to identify lessons learned with the goal of providing transparency surrounding the oocyte cryopreservation process, improving the education and comfort of patients and providers with fertility preservation, and easing the decision to pursue an oocyte cryopreservation cycle in parallel to gender-affirmatory care.
Detection of Small CYP11B1 Deletions and One Founder Chimeric CYP11B2/CYP11B1 Gene in 11β-Hydroxylase Deficiency
Authors: Xie Hua , Yin Hui , Ye Xue , Liu Ying , Liu Na , Zhang Yu , Chen Xiaoli , Chen Xiaobo
Published: May 2022

Objective

11β-Hydroxylase deficiency (11β-OHD) caused by mutations in the CYP11B1 gene is the second most common form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Both point mutations and genomic rearrangements of CYP11B1 are important causes of 11β-OHD. However, the high degree of sequence identity between CYP11B1 and its homologous gene CYP11B2, presents unique challenges for molecular diagnosis of suspected 11β-OHD. The aim of this study was to detect the point mutation, indel, small deletion of CYP11B1 and chimeric CYP11B2/CYP11B1 gene in a one-tube test, improving the genetic diagnosis of 11β-OHD.

Methods

Optimized custom-designed target sequencing strategy was performed in three patients with suspected 11β-OHD, in which both the coverage depth of paired-end reads and the breakpoint information of split reads from sequencing data were analysed in order to detect genomic rearrangements covering CYP11B1. Long-range PCR was peformed to validate the speculated CYP11B1 rearrangements with the breakpoint-specifc primers.

Results

Using the optimized target sequencing approach, we detected two intragenic/intergenic deletions of CYP11B1 and one chimeric CYP11B2/CYP11B1 gene from three suspected patients with 11β-OHD besides three pathogenic heterozygous point mutation/indels. Furthermore, we mapped the precise breakpoint of this chimeric CYP11B2/CYP11B1 gene located on chr8:143994517 (hg19) and confirmed it as a founder rearrangement event in the Chinese population.

Conclusions

Our optimized target sequencing approach improved the genetic diagnosis of 11β-OHD.
Cobalt Demand for Automotive Electrification in China: Scenario Analysis Based on the Bass Model
Authors: Shi Qing
Published: May 2022

With accelerating automotive electrification process, quantitative analysis of cobalt demand becomes a critical issue in China. How much cobalt is expected to be needed from 2021 to 2030 to support a smooth automotive electrification in China? This study aims to answer this question comprehensively by examining the responses of annual cobalt demand to variations in electric vehicle sales, battery capacity factors, and cobalt substitution effects, which has not been fully explored in previous literature. Scenario analysis based on the Bass model is adopted and historical data from 2012 to 2020 are used for this study. The results show that 1) the peak annual cobalt demand will reach 35.58–126.97 kt/year during 2021–2030; 2) cobalt demand is expected to decline by 14.29% if the market share of ternary lithium-ion battery decreases by 10%; 3) while cobalt substitution can reduce the demand substantially, it cannot offset the growth of cobalt demand driven by the increasing EV sales and battery capacity. These results provide a knowledge base for policy suggestions to manage the cobalt demand—supply balance in China better.
Pharmacogenetic Review: Germline Genetic Variants Possessing Increased Cancer Risk With Clinically Actionable Therapeutic Relationships
Authors: Saugstad Austin A. , Petry Natasha , Hajek Catherine
Published: May 2022

As our understanding of genomics and genetic testing continues to advance, the personalization of medical decision making is progressing simultaneously. By carefully crafting medical care to fit the specific needs of the individual, patients can experience better long-term outcomes, reduced toxicities, and improved healthcare experiences. Genetic tests are frequently ordered to help diagnose a clinical presentation and even to guide surveillance. Through persistent investigation, studies have begun to delineate further therapeutic implications based upon unique relationships with genetic variants. In this review, a pre-emptive approach is taken to understand the existing evidence of relationships between specific genetic variants and available therapies. The review revealed an array of diverse relationships, ranging from well-documented clinical approaches to investigative findings with potential for future application. Therapeutic agents identified in the study ranged from highly specific targeted therapies to agents possessing similar risk factors as a genetic variant. Working in conjunction with national standardized treatment approaches, it is critical that physicians appropriately consider these relationships when developing personalized treatment plans for their patients.
KIF2C is a Biomarker Correlated With Prognosis and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Human Tumors
Authors: Zhang Xiuyuan , Li Yiming , Hu Pengbo , Xu Liang , Qiu Hong
Published: May 2022

Kinesin superfamily member 2C (KIF2C) is an essential regulator of the cell cycle and its aberrant expression can promote tumor progression. However, the mechanism of KIF2C in pan-cancer is unclear.Data were obtained from public databases, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), UALCAN, TIMER and CellMiner. The data came from public databases such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), UALCAN, TIMER, and CellMiner. We analyzed the correlation of KIF2C with expression, prognosis, tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), mismatch repairs (MMR), immune infiltration and anticancer drug sensitivity by R language.KIF2C was highly expressed in several tumors and correlated with poor prognosis. KIF2C expression was significantly correlated with TMB, MSI, MMRs, and immune checkpoint genes, and with the level of immune cell infiltration such as tumor-associated macrophage (TAM), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and Tregs. The GO and KEGG results suggest that KIF2C is involved in immune regulation in addition to cell cycle regulation.In addition, KIF2C is associated with DNA methylation, m6A modifications and m7G modifications. Our data suggest that KIF2C is a prognostic biomarker linked to immunosuppression, targeting KIF2C may improve the outcome of immunotherapy. Our findings indicate that KIF2C is a prognostic biomarker associated with immunosuppression, and that targeting KIF2C may improve the outcome of immunotherapy.
Psoriasis and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Immune-Mediated Cross Talk?
Authors: Orlando Gloria , Molon Barbara , Viola Antonella , Alaibac Mauro , Angioni Roberta , Piaserico Stefano
Published: May 2022

Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease, characterized by well-demarcated scaly, erythematous, infiltrated plaques. The cutaneous-to-systemic expansion of the inflammation in psoriasis leads to the concept of “psoriatic march” or “inflammatory skin march”. Accordingly, psoriasis is thought to be a systemic inflammatory disease associated with numerous comorbidities. Indeed, it’s currently considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on TNF-α and IL-23/IL-17 mediated pathways linking the psoriatic plaque to the cardiovascular compartment. We further argue the possible involvement of the endothelial compartment in the psoriatic plaque- cardiovascular system crosstalk.