bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Researchers’ Perceptions and Experiences with an Open Access Subvention Fund
Authors: Doney Jylisa , Kenyon Jeremy
Published: March 2022

Objective – This study investigated researchers’ perceptions of open access publishing and the ways in which the university’s open access subvention fund could evolve to meet the campus community’s needs.
Methods – In spring 2021, two librarians conducted an anonymous survey using a convenience sample to recruit participants. The survey was directly distributed to 113 University of Idaho (U of I) affiliates who had received funding from, or expressed interest in, the open access subvention fund during the previous three years (FY 2019 to FY 2021). Other U of I affiliates were also offered the opportunity to participate in the survey via a link shared in the U of I’s daily email newsletter as well across the U of I’s graduate student email list. The researchers received 42 usable survey responses. The survey included 26 closed and open-ended questions and analysis included cross-tabulations based on fund applicant status as well as respondent role. Of the 26 questions, 4 were modified from a colleague’s previous study with U of I faculty members (Gaines, 2015).
Results – Survey responses showed that interest in and support for open access were common among respondents. Although a majority of respondents had published an open access journal article and would like to continue to publish open access in the future, only 17% agreed that they had departmental support to do so. Results also demonstrated that researchers were less willing to pay article processing charges (APCs) out-of-pocket and preferred for funding to come from grant budgets first, followed by Office of Research Budgets, department or college budgets, and library budgets. Respondents expressed support for many of the open access subvention fund’s current criteria and processes, but they also indicated an interest in establishing a more equitable fund distribution cycle and allowing researchers to seek pre-approval once their article was accepted for peer-review. Findings related to open access publishing perspectives built upon previous research conducted at the U of I (Gaines, 2015) and across other institutions. 
Conclusion – This study confirmed the importance of evaluating and assessing library programs and services to ensure that they continue to meet the needs of campus communities. Through the study results, the researchers demonstrated that respondents were interested in open access publishing and the continuation of the open access subvention fund, as well as offering the U of I an opportunity to adjust the open access subvention fund’s processes to better serve researchers. These results also highlighted the need for those involved in open access publishing support to investigate new open access advocacy and education efforts to ensure that researchers receive the philosophical and financial support they need to pursue different models of scholarly publishing.
NECROTISING FASCIITIS OF UPPER LIMB: CLINIC, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Lipatov K.V. , Asatryan A.G. ,   4th Moscow Clinical Hospital, Melkonyan G.G. ,   4th Moscow Clinical Hospital, Kuznetsov V.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Gorbacheva I.V. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Yurchenko M.V. ,   4th Moscow Clinical Hospital
Published: March 2022

Objective. To study the treatment results of patients with necrotizing fasciitis (NF) of the upper limb. Methods. The authors’ observations of 9 patients with a rare and severe disease: necrotizing fasciitis (NF) of the upper limb have been analyzed. Minor skin lesions in the area of the hand became the entry gate for any infection. The median time prior hospitalization was 4,8±1,8 (M±σ) days. Immediately upon admission, the diagnosis of upper limb NF was established in 5 patients. This was followed by emergency radical surgery. The rest were also urgently operated on, but with a diagnosis of phlegmon of the hand and in insufficient volume. They were diagnosed with NF within the first day and a second operation was performed. In most cases the lesion included tissues of the hand, forearm, and arm. Primary surgery was supplemented by staged necrectomies, the number of which averaged 4,7±1,9 per patient. The complex of intensive treatment included broad-spectrum antibiotics, anticoagulants (enoxaparin 8,000 anti-Xa IU / day). Surgical closure of postnecrectomic wounds was performed using skin plastic operations: plastics with local tissues, autodermoplasty with a split graft. Results. Most of the cases were classified as type II NF (Streptococcus pyogenes or Staphylococcus aureus). In one case, a very rare and extremely severe, NF caused by Pasteurella multocida was observed. No antibiotic-resistant strains were found. Emergency radical operation became the cornerstone of success. The need for staged necrectomy was determined by the formation of secondary necrosis in connection with severe microcirculation disorders. Extensive postnecrectomic wounds were closed after the inflammation subsided with the help of skin plastic operations. The average duration of inpatient treatment was 20,8±6,2 days. There were no lethal outcomes. Conclusion. A complex approach to the treatment of necrotising fasciitis of upper limb allowed getting positive treatment results in all cases.
PRINCIPLES OF ACUTE VARICOTHROMBOPHLEBITIS MANAGEMENT DURING PREGNANCY
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Khryschchanovich V.Ya. , Skobeleva N.Y.A. ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: March 2022

Thrombophlebitis of the subcutaneous veins of the lower extremities, also called superficial thrombophlebitis (ST), is a well-known and common disease often occurring in pregnant women with varicose veins (VV). As a rule, ST is considered as a disease with an uncomplicated and mild course, which is usually not life-threatening. However, in the case of appearance of concomitant deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism, ST can cause severe complications. The article presents a clinical case of treatment of a pregnant woman (28 weeks of gestational age) with acute ascending varicothrombophlebitis in the system of the great saphenous vein (GSV). According to ultrasound data, the patient was found to have insufficiency of the sapheno-femoral junction and occlusive thrombosis of the lateral branches and the trunk of GSV, extending to the middle third of the left thigh. Taking into account the obstetric history, clinical and ultrasound picture of the disease, and the risk of perioperative complications, it was decided to prescribe prolonged anticoagulation with low-molecular-weight heparin(LMWH) and perform phlebocentesis of thrombosed GSV segments. The basic component of symptomatic treatment of ST was elastic compression. The chosen option for managing gestational varicotrombophlebitis allowed improving the patient’s overall health, as well as to quickly (within 2-3 days) arrest local inflammation and significantly reduce local edema and pain. The case presented highlights the possibility of successful and safe use of needle aspiration thrombectomy and anticoagulation with LMWH in pregnant women with ascending subcutaneous venous thrombosis.
BLUNT INJURY OF PANCREAS, GALL BLADDER AND EXTRAHEPATIC BILE DUCTS: TACTICS BASED ON THE PRINCIPLES OF EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry o Health of the Russian Federation, Maskin S.S. , Aleksandrov V.V. ,   Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry o Health of the Russian Federation, Matyukhin V.V. ,   Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry o Health of the Russian Federation, Igolkina L.A. ,   Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry o Health of the Russian Federation
Published: March 2022

Objective. Optimization of treatment and diagnostic tactics for blunt injury of the pancreas, gall bladder and extrahepatic bile ducts. Methods. This current review was undertaken by Russian and foreign literature (2015-2020 yrs) search according to the following themes: pancreatic injury, traumatic pancreatitis, gall bladder injury, extrahepatic bile ducts injury, damage control surgery tactics, blunt abdominal trauma, therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm, conservative (non-operative) management, with subsequent exception from the request of experimental studies and cases of open trauma in the Internation scientific datebase PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar Search, eLibrary. Multicenter studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, large case series, original articles, and randomized controlled trials were analyzed, indicating the levels of evidence and effectiveness of recommendations. An original algorithmfor thediagnosis and management is proposed, the concept of damage control is described, and indications for diagnostic methods, conservative treatment, and types of surgical, endovascular, and minimally invasive interventions are specified depending on the severity of organ injury according to the classification of the American Association of the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) (table). Results. The algorithmfor thediagnosis and management for combined blunt trauma of the pancreas, gallbladder, and extrahepatic bile ducts is standardized, and indications for minimally invasive and open interventions in this category of patients are clarified. Conclusion. Accurate knowledge of the algorithm for the diagnosis and management, indications for endovascular, minimally invasive techniques and open interventions, the choice of tactics based on the patient’s condition, the time of the injury, and possible complications can improve the results of treatment.
Experiment in the Continuum of Law Making in Public Administration
Authors:   Acting Governor of the Khabarovsk Territory, PhD (Law), Degtyarev Mikhail V.
Published: March 2022

This article is devoted to the application of the experimental approach in legal regulation. The author reveals the essence of the concept of experimental legislation and explains the goals and objectives of using the appropriate technologies.
Extraordinary Situations of an Anthropogenic Character: The Concept and Content
Authors:   Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Professor of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Saint-Petersburg University of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, LL.D., Vinokurov Vladimir A. , Novokhatka Ilya S. ,   Senior Inspector of the Department of Organization of Supervisory and Preventive Events of the Directorate of Supervisory Activities and Preventive Work of the Main Directorate for the Pskov Region of the EMERCOM of Russia, Lieutenant of Internal Service
Published: March 2022

The article considers the normative legal acts concerning the concept of the anthropogenic factor in the context of emergency situations, highlights its features, draws parallels with related terms, analyzes various approaches to their interpretation. As a result of the analysis, the definitions of the concepts “anthropogenic emergency (anthropogenic emergency)” and “anthropogenic factor” are formulated. The authors also formulated proposals for the consolidation of these terms in the legislation.
State Economic Control and Supervision in the Economic Integration Conditions
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Penza State University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Agamagomedova Saniyat A.
Published: March 2022

In the field of economic relations in the context of economic integration. Recognizing the impact of integration processes on legal development, the author states the transformation of legal regulation and supervision in the field of the single economy of the Eurasian Economic Union. The conclusion is made about the gradual formation of a single Eurasian control and supervisory space. Uneven development of control and supervisory phenomena in relation to the principle of regulation; national and supranational competence in the field of control and supervision; combination of expanding supranational legal regulation with national traditions of control and supervisory activities; control and supervisory authorities and their control and supervisory competence; the influence of emerging transnational markets on the regulation of their functioning.
Administrative Law Means of Protection of Rights of Students
Authors:   Head of the Department of Customs and Law of the Omsk State Transport University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Goltyapina Irina Yu. , Banschikova Svetlana L. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Legal Science of the Sevastopol Institute of Economics and the Humanities (Branch of the V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University), PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: March 2022

The authors analyze the administrative law means of protection of rights of students. The publication focuses on a number of problems related to the exercising of rights by students. The article also reviews the issues of organization of studies in the electronic informational and educational environment and problems of protection of personal data of individuals studying in this format. The authors present a critical analysis of some provisions of the order of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dedicated to the procedure for crediting of the study results.
Ensuring of Fire Security of the Residential Sector: Administrative Law and Organizational Problems, Fire Supervision Issues
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Administrative and Municipal Law of the Saratov State Law Academy, PhD (Law), Associate Professor of the Department of Technogenic Safety and Transport and Technological Machines of the Saratov State Agrarian University named after N.I. Vavilov (Saratov SAU), Evdokimov Aleksey S.
Published: March 2022

The article deals with administrative, legal and organizational issues of ensuring fire safety of objects of people’s residence. Despite the fact that this category of objects is the most potentially dangerous, the issues of fire safety of the residential sector seem to be virtually completely unsettled in the administrative and legal field, not fully studied in the theoretical sense. It is noted that the fire safety of the residential sector, which is a function of the fire safety system, is not allocated to a separate category, is not designated as the goals of the state policy in the field of fire safety, the issues of state fire supervision in this area do not have signs of consistency, and therefore the administrative and legal regulation of the risk of fires in housing is not actually carried out.
Administrative Coercion Measures Applied in Respect of Foreign Citizens in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Management of Operations of Public Order Maintenance Subdivisions of the Center for Command and Staff Exercises of the Management Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, PhD (Law), Stolyarova Zinaida N.
Published: March 2022

The article provides a comparative legal analysis of administrative and coercive measures applied exclusively to foreign citizens in the Russian Federation and in the Republic of Belarus. The article examines in detail the administrative procedure for the application of such removal measures as administrative expulsion, deportation, ban on entry, reduction of the period of stay, decision on the undesirability of stay, non-admission, readmission, in comparison with similar administrative and compulsory measures of the Republic of Belarus.
An International Scientific and Practical Conference Relevant Issues of Administrative and Administrative Procedure Law (the Sorokin Readings) (March 26, 2021, Saint Petersburg)
Authors:   Honored Worker of the Higher School of the Russian Federation, Professor of the Department of Administrative Law of the Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, LL.D., Professor, Kaplunov Andrey I. , Ukhov Vladimir Yu. ,   Head of the Department of Administrative Law of the Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, LL.D., Professor
Published: March 2022

March 26, 2021 in the Saint-Petersburg University of MIA of Russia held a plenary meeting of the international scientificpractical conference (“Sorokin readings”), which was presented to materials published to the day of the conference the collection and held an exchange of views on the problems of modernization of public administration, administrative and administrative procedural law, on theoretical and applied problems of improving legislation on administrative offenses and administrativejurisdictional activities, security and public order, development of the police and other law enforcement activities.
The Application of Modern Methods to the Study of Demographic Processes as a Factor of the Digital Transformation of Public Administration in the Migration Sector
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Computer Law and Information Security of the Higher School of State Audit of the Lomonosov MSU, Associate Professor of the Department of State Financial Control and Treasury of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, PhD (Economics), Associate Professor, Zueva Anna S.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship of changes occurring in the scientific environment with the process of making managerial decisions of state governments in the field of migration. Since 2017, European demographers have started using a new research method — digital demography. This method makes it possible to analyze the behavior of migrants, migration flows, and to develop recommendations in terms of making managerial decisions in the implementation of the national migration policy by studying digital traces. This paper is devoted to the description of this method. Conclusion: the author has studied the impact of digitalization on migration processes. Recommendations on the application of the digital demography method in the development of digital transformation of public administration in the field of migration are developed.
Chemical constituents of the stem bark of Prunus africana and Evaluation of their Antibacterial Activity
Authors: DERESA Desalegn Abebe , ABDİSSA Zelalem , GURMESSA Getahun Tadesse , ABDİSSA Negera
Published: March 2022

Chromatographic separation of the methanolic extract of Prunus africana stem bark led to the isolation of five compounds (β- sitosterol (1), benzoic acid (2), two oleanolic derivatives (3 and 4), and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (5). The structures of compounds were elucidated based on 1D and 2D NMR spectral data and compared with reported literature values. This is the first report of benzoic acid and its derivatives from the genus Prunus. The crude extract and isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against five bacterial strains (E. coli, S. aureus, S. flexineri, S.typhimurium, and P. aeruginosa) using disc diffusion assay and showed good antibacterial activity against the tested strains. The crude extract showed potent activity (21.03 + 0.05 mm) against P. aeruginosa, which is even greater than the reference drug gentamycin (14.06 + 0.09 mm). The antibacterial activity of P.africana extract and isolated compounds supports its traditional use, suggesting that it could be considered as a source of bioactive compounds in antimicrobial drug development.
Crecimiento poblacional y cambios territoriales en el centro urbano de Salcedo, Puno
Authors: Ccama Condori Hugo Anselmo
Published: March 2022

El proceso de expansión urbana genera efectos negativos sobre los escenarios naturales, este proceso es ocasionado principalmente por el crecimiento poblacional que transforma los territorios naturales para usos urbanos. El estudio tiene como objetivo explicar los cambios territoriales como efecto del crecimiento poblacional en el centro urbano de Salcedo (Puno), entendiéndose que el crecimiento poblacional es una de las acciones humanas que transforma los territorios naturales y que genera efectos ambientales irreversibles. Metodológicamente, el estudio se basó en la descripción de la situación actual (diagnóstico), para ello se realizó el análisis territorial con apoyo de cartografía temática, referida a aspectos físico-espaciales y ambientales, para luego procesar la información en el software SIG (ARC VIEW 3.2); posteriormente se valoró la percepción de la población sobre la ocupación de territorios naturales y deterioro del medio ambiente. Los resultados obtenidos reportan que el centro urbano de Salcedo experimentó, un crecimiento poblacional acelerado en las últimas décadas, el cual incidió directamente en el incremento de su área urbana en 319 hectáreas; reduciéndose las áreas rurales naturales a 302,4 hectáreas; esta modificación en el incremento de su área urbana ha generado efectos negativos y adversos sobre el territorio natural, ocupando zonas no aptas para usos urbanos, deterioro del medio ambiente y contaminación.
Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening
Authors: KELEŞ ŞAHİN Asena , UZUN Aslıhan
Published: March 2022

Objective: To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on screening of premature babies for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).Methods: Medical records of infants who underwent ROP screening at Ordu University, Training and Research Hospital were reviewed, retrospectively. Sixty premature babies who were not brought into their follow-up visits and reported to the Child, Adolescent, Woman and Reproductive Health (CEKUS) unit between March 2020 and March 2021 were included. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the timing of CEKUS reports; Group 1: March-May 2020, Group 2: June-August 2020, Group 3: September-November 2020, and Group 4: December 2020-February 2021.Results: A total number of 60 babies were reported to the CEKUS unit between March 2020 and March 2021. While 18% of the patients were consulted from our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), 82% of the infants were referred from other NICUs. The parents of only 17 (28%) of all patients were living in Ordu, additionally. Compared to the total number of patients reported to the CEKUS unit in the last year before the onset of the pandemic, a decrease in compliance with the appointments was observed after the announcement of the first COVID-19 case in Turkey (p<0.001). Adherence to the appointments increased in the period when COVID-19 patients decreased. When the COVID-19 cases began to rise again significantly after November (Group 4), the number of CEKUS reports increased correspondingly. However, there was no significant correlation between the number of CEKUS reports and the total number of COVID-19 cases in the groups (p = 0.600, r = 0.400).Conclusion: In addition to the difficulty of screening for ROP since the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak, the follow up of babies who are not brought in has become a serious problem. A decrease in adherence to appointments was observed after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. An institution such as our CEKUS unit may help the ophthalmologists and neonatologists to complete all screening sessions. Most babies that were not brought in to ROP screening, were also the ones referred from other NICUs and those who lived in neighboring cities, in our study. Therefore, increasing the number of ROP units may also prevent the non-adherence of the parents.
Identification of Automatic Locomotive Signaling Code Signals Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Lunev Sergey , Borisenko Dmitriy , Prisuhina Ilona , Klyuchnikov Maksim
Published: March 2022

Stability of railway automation systems, utilizing automatic locomotive signaling as a mean for interval regulation of train traffic, can be risen by the means of application of machinal training algorithms. Known algorithm for code signal identification of locomotive signaling has a row of drawbacks which are conditioned by the cyclic character of being identified signals and the necessity of cyclic synchronization before the identification procedure This complicates technical realization essentially as well as does requirements to computational resources of known algorithm. This article offers improved algorithm for identification of code signals transferred via rail chains in the process of train traffic which doesn’t demand cycle synchronization. For to solve cycle synchronization problem it’s been offered to accomplish code signal identification by Fourier amplitude spectrum of its preselected envelope. Such settlement has become possible on account of invariance of Fourier amplitude spectrum of code signal envelope relatively code signal shift in the time domain on random number of digital readings. As a machinal training method, the article considers artificial neural network with simplified, compared with the previous analogues, architecture. While identification, three-layer neural network with full connections between layers is engaged. Also, the work investigates limitations of suggested method of machinal identification which are conditioned by refuse from phase spectrum of envelope of being processed code signal. It’s been demonstrated in the article the act of improved method of machinal identification on real signals fixed in being exploited rail lines. The obtained results testify the adequacy of the suggested methodology for the identification of signals of automatic locomotive signaling of systems for train traffic interval regulation.
Methodology of Train Traffic Scheduling for the Capital Underground
Authors: Loginova Lyudmila , Seslavina Elena , Seslavin Andrey
Published: March 2022

Traffic schedule of trains on Moscow underground line at present is made up by highly qualified schedulers from underground dispatcher apparatus. Created timetable acts for many days as a law for metro drivers and takes into account the variability of passenger traffic by days of a week and hours of a day. At present, ready schedule represents many-pages primary document, having additions in the form of train turnover schedule and timetable for train teams which consist sometimes of one machinist and sometimes are added by an assistant. Besides, the schedule also for turned round machinist teams exists. These teams anytime conduct empty trains in line dead ends in tunnels whiles main team can go at final station from the end of train to its head and also have a rest sometimes. Except turned round teams there are shift-teams who provides for possibility of lunchtime and leisure for main teams in their every day job. Thus, set of timetables exists which chain major link is train traffic schedule. Because of the difficulties with scheduling which are overcome at present by trial and error method, the possibilities for to create schedule many variants with the purpose of subsequent selection suiting best amongst them, are absent in the majority of cases. Such selection might be made in the following purposes: minimization of electric energy expenditures during the day, increase of schedule stability to fluctuations, constantly acting per day, of kind of little fails because of passenger big inflow on a station or small violations of traffic safety. The listed set of problems can be overcome in the case of existence of central administration of all trains of metro line with the help of computational technics. There’s been suggested in the work the methodology of scheduling for underground trains on the basis of mathematical apparatus which provides for schedule final calculation inclusive of all requirements and limitations. The specificity of developed methodology is in its processability for further realization in the form of program product.
Methods and Means for Reducing the Influence of the Human Factor in Civil Aviation with the Use of Information-Control Systems
Authors: Suhih Nikolai , Rukavishnikov Valentin , Sokolov Oleg
Published: March 2022

Human factor is a set of moral, social, psychological, physical, professional and other human qualities influencing his activity. Human factor role to provide flight safety is determined by that all processes in aviation on organization, procuring and accomplishment of flights are made by humans – aviation specialists of various profiles. Major impact on flight safety among aviation specialist goes from aviation personnel. The latter constitutes people belonging to commanding-flying, flying staff, dispatcher personnel of management service of air traffic, engineering-technical, medical personnel whose activity is directly aimed to air transportation execution. It’s evident that influence of aviapersonnel various groups on flight safety state differs and 's determined by the degree of interaction with flight execution process. Analysis of aviation severe accidents during five-year period leads to that crew wrong actions have major impact on their occurrence (about 60%). This fact finds natural explanation because namely flying personnel pursues flight direct control, and flight outcome in the situation depends on the correctness of his action. In this connection, the human factor problem namely for flying personnel and first of all for pilots has paramount importance. The realization of the ways of reducing aviation accident probability is possible on an airplane board only whiles using electronic computer which works out either management impacts or information prompt for a crew. As a result, this implies introduction and exploitation of board information-control system by a crew. It’s been less considered and generalized the human factor impact in organizational-technical and organization-economical systems of civil aviation. But it’s evident that at halting situation occurrence in any service, correct decision acceptance by a user is possible only at his information support which can be embodied in “ground” information-control system. The publication views reduction of negative impact of the human factor in civilaviation with the help of modern information-ruling systems.
TASTE MY TEARS
Authors:   Senior Student, CEO Ultra Freelance Business, Department of English Studies, American University of Science and Technology, Mount Lebanon, Lebanon, Zeidan Samer Ratib
Published: March 2022

The poem focuses on the pains of the heart and the tragedy an orphaned soul would feel. It aims to put the feelings into words to give a voice to emotions and to the people who suffer from similar problems but are unable to voice them. The methodologies used are not many and are primarily related to poetry and rhyme scheme. The poet moves on to describe how his soul is orphaned. Alone in this world, the soul is without a guide to ease his passage and lead one to his or her lover. In his tears, his final hopes remain that she will be able to share his fantasies and love with him by tasting them and feeling the embrace and kiss that he sent her, along with the emotions he sustained inside his salty droplets. That kiss is the same one that concealed his desolation and sins for far too long, and that kept those aching distresses that plagued his heart invisible to the people around him for inside, hope remained that he shall find a way to reach his lover and lay his eyes upon her—concluding that love reigns above all.
ONLINE LEARNING AMONGST UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS AMID COVID-19 PANDEMIC, KENYA
Authors:   Ph.D., Lecturer, Department of Educational Management, Policy and Curriculum Studies, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, Nyaegah Ouru John
Published: March 2022

Acquisition of Education is crucial in an individual and society’s development which cuts across different stages of human growth with specific and achievable goals. The survey sought to establish the extent to which the Corona Virus Pandemic influenced the adoption of Online learning among undergraduate students of the University of Nairobi. The study had five objectives which focused on learners’ attitudes towards the adoption of virtual learning, how they learned online while coping with online challenges. A total of 232 students were used while the Spear-man Coefficient of Correlation Formula was applied to test research instruments’ reliability. Data was analyzed and presented in tabular, graphic, and percentages forms. The study established that 109 respondents forming 46.98% didn’t know online learning existed, while 34 forming 14.66% felt it was impossible to learn online. Further, 45 respondents forming 19.40% felt the method was not suitable for examinations while 44 (18.96%) preferred face-to-face teaching. Respondents used Google Meets and Google Classroom to learn. Despite the university ensuring learning continued online, 151 students forming 65.09% faced unreliable electricity, internet unreliability, and unfavorable study environments. The survey recommended that strategies were urgently needed for building a Resilient Education System to enhance learning in the university.
In vitro cultures of circulating tumor cells: a potential tool to unravel drug sensitivity
Authors: De Renzi Gianluigi , De Marco Giulia , De Meo Michela , Del Rosso Eleonora , Gazzaniga Paola , Nicolazzo Chiara
Published: March 2022

Since taking part as leading actors in driving the metastatic process, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have displayed a wide range of potential applications in the cancer-related research field. Besides their well-proved prognostic value, the role of CTCs in both predictive and diagnostics terms might be extremely informative about cancer properties and therefore highly helpful in the clinical decision-making process. Unfortunately, CTCs are scarcely released in the blood circulation and their counts vary a lot among different types of cancer, therefore CTC detection and consequent characterization are still highly challenging. In this context, in vitro CTC cultures could potentially offer a great opportunity to expand the number of tumor cells isolated at different stages of the disease and thus simplify the analysis of their biological and molecular features, allowing a deeper comprehension of the nature of neoplastic diseases. The aim of this review is to highlight the main attempts to establish in vitro CTC cultures from patients harboring different tumor types in order to highlight how powerful this practice could be, especially in optimizing the therapeutic strategies available in clinical practice and potentially preventing or contrasting the development of treatment resistance.
An Edge Computing and Ambient Data Capture System for Clinical and Home Environments
Authors: Suresha Pradyumna Byappanahalli , Hegde Chaitra , Jiang Zifan , Clifford Gari D.
Published: March 2022

The non-contact patient monitoring paradigm moves patient care into their homes and enables long-term patient studies. The challenge, however, is to make the system non-intrusive, privacy-preserving, and low-cost. To this end, we describe an open-source edge computing and ambient data capture system, developed using low-cost and readily available hardware. We describe five applications of our ambient data capture system. Namely: (a) Estimating occupancy and human activity phenotyping; (b) Medical equipment alarm classification; (c) Geolocation of humans in a built environment; (d) Ambient light logging; and (e) Ambient temperature and humidity logging. We obtained an accuracy of 94% for estimating occupancy from video. We stress-tested the alarm note classification in the absence and presence of speech and obtained micro averaged F1 scores of 0.98 and 0.93, respectively. The geolocation tracking provided a room-level accuracy of 98.7%. The root mean square error in the temperature sensor validation task was 0.3°C and for the humidity sensor, it was 1% Relative Humidity. The low-cost edge computing system presented here demonstrated the ability to capture and analyze a wide range of activities in a privacy-preserving manner in clinical and home environments and is able to provide key insights into the healthcare practices and patient behaviors.
Insights Into the Mechanisms of Lactobacillus acidophilus Activity Against Entamoeba histolytica by Using Thiol-Redox-Proteomics
Authors: Sarid Lotem , Zanditenas Eva , Ye Jun , Trebicz-Geffen Meirav , Ankri Serge
Published: March 2022

Amoebiasis is an intestinal disease transmitted by the protist parasite, Entamoeba histolytica, following the ingestion of contaminated food and water. In the colon, E. histolytica can phagocytose bacteria that are the main components of the microbial flora. Most infected individuals are asymptomatic but for unknown reasons, the parasite can become virulent and invasive, causes amebic dysentery, and migrates to the liver, where they cause hepatocellular damage. For the last few decades, it has become evident that E. histolytica virulence is directly linked to its interaction with the gut microbiota. Lactobacillus acidophilus is a common inhabitant of healthy human gut and a probiotic that present antimicrobial activity against many pathogenic bacteria, fungi and parasites. The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanisms behind the innate amebicide activity of L.acidophilus. We found that this activity is mediated by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced by L. acidophilus. Redox proteomics shows that L. acidophilus triggers the oxidation of many essential amebic enzymes like pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, the lectin Gal/GalNAc and cysteine proteases (CPs). Further, trophozoites of E.histolytica cultivated with L.acidophilus show reduced binding to mammalian cells. These results support L.acidophilus as a prophylactic candidate against amoebiasis.
Electronic Chips Act as Capacitors or Inductors When Lasers Act as an Information Transmitter
Authors: Mohammed Yousef Mashair , Saad Alsubaie Abdullah , Abeid Allah Saad Zoalnoon , Dirar Abd-Alla Mubarak
Published: March 2022

To increase the network computer and mobile telephone capacity one needs a laser to carry information instead of electrons. Since the laser is very fast compared to electrons, one expects information to be transmitted very fast through the network (internet). This requires searching for chips that act as capacitors, inductors, or evens as resistors this work shows that the laser traveling beam diminished as the frequency reciprocal thus acts as a capacitor or diminished as frequency thus acts as an inductor and sometimes diminished with the concentration of carriers thus act as a resistor for magnetic materials with strength that cancels the friction force when the laser frequency is equal nearly to the atoms natural frequency the material act as an inductor. Then frictional force is dominant with high mobility dielectric, the material acts as a capacitor. However, it acts as a conductor for negligible friction and natural frequency.
Machine Learning in Ratemaking, an Application in Commercial Auto Insurance
Authors: Matthews Spencer , Hartman Brian
Published: March 2022

This paper explores the tuning and results of two-part models on rich datasets provided through the Casualty Actuarial Society (CAS). These data sets include BI (bodily injury), PD (property damage) and COLL (collision) coverage, each documenting policy characteristics and claims across a four year period. The datasets are explored, including summaries of all variables, then the methods for modeling are set forth. Models are tuned and the tuning results are displayed, after which we train the final models and seek to explain select predictions. All of the code will be made available on GitHub. Data was provided by a private insurance carrier to the CAS after anonymizing the data set. This data is available to actuarial researchers for well-defined research projects that have universal benefit to the insurance industry and the public. Our hope is that the methods demonstrated here can be a good foundation for future ratemaking models to be developed and tested more efficiently.
An Interdependence Model of Comparative Advantage by Network Theory —In Case of Dyads in International Trade Networks—
Authors: Yazawa Nobuo
Published: March 2022

Since the 1970s, researchers in international relations have asserted that the enhancement of interdependence between nations can reduce conflicts among them (Keohane and Nye 1973). Thus, interdependency between nations is regarded as desirable for the stability of the countries' networks. On the other hand, there has been no confirmation of empirical data on the benevolent effects of interdependency on the nations' networks. This article aims to analyze the concept of interdependence into reciprocity and dependence, leading to quantifying both of them. To assess the usefulness of this approach, the empirical analysis of trade relations among five countries, namely, THE U.S.., China, Germany, Japan, and Korea from 1992 to 2020 was empirically analyzed with the aid of reciprocity index (R) and dependency index (D).
Explainable AI-based Alzheimer’s Prediction and Management Using Multimodal Data
Authors: Jahan Sobhana , Taher Kazi Abu , Kaiser M Shamim , Mahmud Mufti , Rahman Md. Sazzadur , Hosen A. S. M. Sanwar , Ra In-Ho
Published: March 2022

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), dementia is the seventh leading reason of death among all illnesses and one of the leading causes of disability among the world’s elderly people. Day by day the number of Alzheimer’s patients is raising. Considering the increasing rate and the dangers, Alzheimer’s disease should be diagnosed carefully. Machine learning is a potential technique for Alzheimer’s diagnosis but general users do not trust machine learning models due to the black-box nature. Even, some of those models do not provide the best performance because of using only neuroimaging data. To solve these issues, this paper proposes a novel explainable Alzheimer’s disease prediction model using a multimodal dataset. This approach performs a data-level fusion using clinical data, Freesurfer MRI segmentation data, and psychological data. For Alzheimer’s disease vs cognitively normal prediction, the random forest classifier provides 100% accuracy. Furthermore, Alzheimer’s disease and non-Alzheimer’s dementia should be classified properly because their symptoms are similar. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to present a three-class classification on Alzheimer’s disease vs cognitively normal vs non-Alzheimer’s dementia and achieved 99.86% accuracy using an ensemble model. Besides, a novel Alzheimer’s patient management architecture is also proposed in this work..
Calculation of Water-Flooded Layers Oil Saturation Based on Modified Archie model
Authors: Wang Weilong , Liu Bei , Zhen Guinan , Qin Jiamin , Li Qi , Zhao Xiaodong
Published: March 2022

Archie model is the basis of calculating oil saturation, but there are some limitations when using this model to calculate oil saturation in water-flooded layer. The main reason is that the main parameters, such as rock resistivity and formation water resistivity, are constantly changing dynamic parameters in the underground with the influence of injected water. Considering that water-flooded layers changes with injection waters, influence factors of rock resistivity and formation water resistivity of primary parameters are analyzed. Considering the dynamic data of water cut is the most reactive underground fluid characteristics of real information, combined with dynamic and static, and the “double ratio” model of later development by the same sedimentary layer is established, which realizes the inversion of rock resistivity and formation water resistivity, then modified Archie model relating to water-flooded layers of the same sedimentary explaining formation. The explanation of actual data indicates that the “double ratio” model well considers the dynamic variation of production data, which makes the inversion of the flooded rock resistivity relatively accurate, besides, the modified Archie model can accurately calculate the oil saturation of water-flooded layers with a reasonable result, which offers scientific basis for the predicting of remaining oil distribution rules.
Retrovirus: Protein Reawakens
Authors: Chen S
Published: March 2022

The amino acid sequences ARG of gag proteins of HTLV1, HTLV2, STLV1 and STLV2 match with its primer binding site GGGGGCTCG in the 3'-to-5' direction, and the amino acid sequences SPR of gag proteins of HIV1, HIV2, SIV and FIV match with its primer binding site GGCGCCCGA in the 3'-to-5' direction, and gag, gag-pol and gag-pro-pol proteins are promising for reawaken dormant retrovirus infection. The latency-reversing drugs were involved in the process of transcription of cancer, the genome which they actually reawaken is just happened to be contained genome of the retrovirus, they are essentially false reawaken. Use proteins of retroviruses to reawaken themselves are more reliable, just like androgen receptor activates IGF1R genome.
Linear Support Vector Machines and Head Pitch Angular Velocity Are the Best Performers to Distinguish (Sub-)Acute Neck Pain Patients and Controls Assessed with the DidRen Laser Test
Authors: Hage Renaud , Buisseret Fabien , Houry Martin , Dierick Frédéric
Published: March 2022

Understanding neck pain is an important societal issue. Kinematic data from sensors may help to gain insight on the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with neck pain through a quantitative sensorimotor assessment of one patient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential usefulness of artificial intelligence with several Machine Learning (ML) algorithms in assessing neck sensorimotor performance. Angular velocity and acceleration measured by an inertial sensor placed on the forehead during the DidRen laser test in thirty-eight acute and subacute non-specific neck pain (ANSP) patients were compared to forty-two healthy control participants (HCP). Seven supervised ML algorithms were chosen for the predictions. The most informative kinematic features were computed using Sequential Feature Selection methods. The best performing algorithm is the Linear Support Vector Machine with an accuracy of 82% and Area Under Curve of 84%. The best discriminative kinematic feature between ANSP patients and HCP is the first quartile of head pitch angular velocity. This study has shown that supervised ML algorithms could be used to classify ANSP patients and identify discriminatory kinematic features potentially useful for the clinicians in the assessment and monitoring of the neck sensorimotor performance in ANSP patients.