bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distinct Neurocognitive Fingerprints Reflect Differential Associations with Risky and Impulsive Behavior in a Neurotypical Sample
Authors: Ruiz Sonia , Brazil Inti , Baskin–Sommers Arielle
Published: October 2022

Research on neurocognitive deficits related to risky and impulsive behaviors has been limited by analytic approaches that treat neurocognitive components as functionally dissociable or that fail to adequately capture individual variability in function. In a neurotypical sample (N=673), we characterized neurocognition via a novel application of a Bayesian latent feature learning model – the Indian Buffet Process. All features were within a relatively normative range of neurocognition; however, subtle variability related to risky and impulsive behaviors. The relatively overall poorer neurocognition feature correlated with greater affective impulsivity and substance use patterns/problems. The poorer episodic memory and emotion feature correlated with greater trait externalizing and sensation-seeking. The poorer attention feature correlated with increased trait externalizing and negative urgency, but decreased positive urgency and substance use. Finally, average or mixed features negatively correlated with various outcomes. Estimating nuanced patterns of neurocognition can inform our understanding of a continuum of risky and impulsive behaviors.
Gender and National Collective Narcissism: Gender Asymmetries and Obstacles to Gender Equality
Authors: Golec Agnieszka , Keenan Oliver
Published: October 2022

To elucidate how ingroup identification is implicated in attitudes towards gender equality, it is important to consider that (1) people simultaneously identify with more (a nation) vs. less abstract groups (gender), and (2) gender collective narcissism is the specific aspect of ingroup identification likely to inspire opposite attitudes towards gender equality among men (negative) and women (positive), but (3) national narcissism is likely to align with men’s interests and inspire negative attitudes towards gender equality among men and women. In Study 1, we demonstrate that gender collective narcissism is the same variable among men and women. In Study 2, we show that among women (but not among men) in Poland, gender collective narcissism predicts intentions to engage in normative and non-normative collective action for gender equality. In Study 3, we show that gender collective narcissists among women endorse an egalitarian outlook, whereas gender collective narcissists among men reject it. In contrast, national narcissism predicts refusal to engage in collective action for gender equality and endorsement of an anti-egalitarian outlook among women and among men. Thus, national narcissism and gender collective narcissism among men impair pursuit of gender equality. Gender collective narcissism among women facilitates engagement in collective action for gender equality. Low gender collective narcissism among men and low national narcissism may also facilitate support for gender equality.
Diversifying the Publishing Academy: Increasing Access to Scholarly Publishing Education for Graduate Students
Authors: Grote Lidiya , Howard Alexandra , Reynolds Latisha , Chandler Renesha
Published: October 2022

Introduction: This article highlights the importance of providing accessible scholarly publishing education and support to graduate students by presenting a case study of how the University of Louisville’s Publishing Academy was modified to be fully online and intentionally focused on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI). Literature Review: The literature review examines existing scholarship related to publishing support for graduate students, focusing on literature discussing the importance of publishing for doctoral students and describing successful publishing and writing support programs. Overview of Publishing Academy: University of Louisville’s Publishing Academy is a biennial scholarly publishing program for graduate students founded in 2016. Planning and execution of the spring 2021 iteration of the Academy occurred during the global COVID-19 pandemic and during a time of national civil unrest due to racial inequity and injustice. The context of the times necessitated changes to the Publishing Academy, including moving the Academy to a fully virtual format and intentionally focusing on DEI in developing Academy sessions and faculty panels. Next Steps: Next steps for the Publishing Academy are considered based on participant feedback and organizers’ observations.
Higher sexual excitation is associated with an increase in sex-linked substance use in women with a history of unwanted sexual contact
Authors: Jones Harper R. , Lorenz Tierney K.
Published: October 2022

Survivors of unwanted sexual contact have an increased likelihood of using substances in sexual situations, which puts them at heightened risk for intoxication-related harms. Separately, research has indicated that women may intentionally use substances in sexual situations to either enhance pleasure (i.e., increase sexual excitation) and/or reduce sexual anxiety or shame (i.e., reduce sexual inhibition), a phenomenon termed sex-linked substance use (SLSU). A predominant assumption in the literature is that women with unwanted sex histories are more likely to disengage during sex, suggesting greater inhibition-related SLSU; however, there is little prior research directly examining if women who have unwanted sex histories primarily engage in SLSU to increase sexual excitation or decrease inhibitions. We conducted exploratory analyses of an online survey in a convenience sample of 516 undergraduate women including data on their history of unwanted sex, SLSU, and sexual excitation/inhibition. Sexual excitation mediated the association between a history of unwanted sexual contact and SLSU, suggesting that women with unwanted sexual histories reported higher levels of sexual excitation, which in turn was associated with a higher likelihood of using substances to increase pleasure during sexual activity. Specifically, arousability, partner characteristics, and power dynamics subfactors were significant mediators. Sexual inhibition did not mediate the relationship between a history of unwanted sexual contact and SLSU, suggesting that women with unwanted sex histories may have been less likely to use substances to reduce sexual inhibitions. If replicated, these findings suggest that sexual excitation may be a useful target of intervention surrounding SLSU, particularly in women with histories of unwanted sexual contact. Specifically, treatments targeting cognitive and affective tendencies associated with sexual excitation may help women who engage in SLSU to have safe, pleasurable sexual activity, without increasing the risk of intoxication-related harms.
Peculiarities of managing the training of 17-21-year-old football players during the transition to professional football
Authors: Balan В.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to solving the problem of managing the training of football players aged 17-21 during the transition to professional teams. The paper characterizes the modern system of long-term improvement in the context of preparing football players for performances in professional teams. The general problems of managing the training of football

players aged 17-21 during the period of transition to professional teams are highlighted and the prospects for their solution are presented. It was revealed that the level of technical-tactical and special physical fitness of athletes after graduation from the children's and youth football school does not correspond to the model indicators of the players of professional football teams.

The main reasons for the termination of sports by talented youth during the transition to professional teams have been established:

non-compliance of psychophysiological functions and basic motor qualities of players aged 17-21 with the requirements of the training process and competitive activity of professional teams;

sports injuries in interdependence with the educational and training process and competitive activity in the early stages of long-term improvement;

demographic features of football

It has been proven that graduates of sports schools and youth football organizations need from three to five years to develop sports skills, functionality and their effective implementation in professional teams of different leagues in Ukraine.

The article determines that the improvement of the training management of 17-21-year-old football players during the transition to professional teams is due to the qualitative transformation of two interrelated elements that are of decisive importance for the systematic development of young talents: the competition system and the training system.

The results of the pedagogical experiment, which provided for the optimization of the content of training loads in accordance with the system of holding competitions among teams under 21, indicate that the indicators of special physical and technical-tactical fitness of football players have gradually improved. The 19-21-year-old athletes corresponded to the level of model data of the players of the professional teams of the second and partially the first leagues of the championship of Ukraine.
Performance of the national athletics team of ukraine at the xxxii olympic games (2021) in tokyo and the xviii world championships (2022) in eugene (prospects of training athletes in wartime conditions)
Authors: Bobrovnyk V. I. , Tkachenko M. L. , Danyliuk D. S. , Lytvynenko S. G.
Published: October 2022

The low performance rates of athletes (the lowest since the independence of the country) in almost all athletics events draws a special attention in the process of reviewing the results of the Ukrainian national track and field team at the Olympic Games in Tokyo (2021). And in such events as marathon running and race walking, the athletes not only didn’t show a good result, but they didn’t cover the distance. The best performance at the XXXII Olympic Games in Tokyo was shown by the high jumper Yaroslava Mahuchikh, who took the third place with the result of 2 m.

It is also necessary to note the performance of Iryna Gerashchenko, who took the fourth place in high jumping with the result of 198 cm. The performance of the hammer thrower Mykhailo Kokhan, who showed the result of 80 m 39 cm and took the fourth place, also should be distinguished.

Therefore, among the numerous Ukrainian track and field team athletes (46 athletes), there were only seven persons who performed in the finals of their track and field events, and only one athlete from the whole team (Yaroslava Mahuchikh) took the third place, which allowed the whole team to win a bronze medal. Besides, it should be noted that there is a positive trend in the performance of the national track and field team of Ukraine at the XVIII World Championship in 2022 (Eugene, USA) compared to the performance at the Olympic Games in Tokyo. The team completing principle "the less the better"showed that it worked. Among the 22 athletes, there were those who demonstrated a number of good results. The high jumper Andriy Protsenko won a bronze medal with the result of 2 m 33 cm, and Yaroslava Mahuchikh became a silver medalist in high jumping with the result of 2 m 02 cm. It should be noted that another high jumper of our team Iryna Gerashchenko took the fourth place with the personal record of 2 m. Forming the training system for the national track and field team of Ukraine in the wartime conditions, it is, of course, necessary to count on training athletes abroad. But not all athletes and coaches have this opportunity. Obviously, under such difficult conditions, it is necessary for both the coaching staff and the athletes to aim at training for competitions at the track and field bases of Ukraine. This will provide an opportunity of a quality training for a larger number of them.
Nordian walking as a means of motivation to support a healthy lifestyle in the student environment
Authors: Golubeva V.A. , Nazimok V.V. , Novikova I.V.
Published: October 2022

A unique opportunity to maintain your health and strengthen the way of leading a healthy lifestyle for young people Nordic Walking. However, this physical activity as a special kind of fitness is practically not very relevant among the youth of Ukraine and requires its popularization. It is necessary to promote a healthy lifestyle and regular physical activity in order to interest young people in Nordic Walking. In order to inform the youth qualitatively, the main motives that encourage university youth to engage in Nordic walking were identified. The dominant motives were determined when choosing Nordic walking classes: the desire of youth to improve their physical condition and increase their physical performance. The data obtained allow us to conclude that Nordic Walking also depends on the motives of beauty and hedonism: young people strive to achieve a certain physical shape, to become beautiful and thus increase their self-esteem and enjoy it. Good physical condition is considered a sign of good health. The desire to be in good physical shape is due to the desire to show off your form to others and thus gain their approval and attention. Hedonistic, intellectual needs and self-expression to create their own image most of all determine the desire to engage in Nordic walking among young people. Motivation for a healthy lifestyle is very important, it affects the participation of young people through values, norms, fashion, traditions, determines the importance of playing sports, including Nordic walking. Nordic walking is a budget sport that is available to everyone.
Methods of teaching physical exercises by means of playing badminton for the students with pedagogical profile with poor health
Authors: Stetsyuk T.
Published: October 2022

The article presents a methodology for teaching physical exercises by means of badminton to students with pedagogical profile poor health. The target orientation of the educational process of pedagogical students with poor health is determined. The organizational forms of conducting physical education classes are considered, the technology of teaching physical exercises by means of badminton and the levels of educational achievements by students of a pedagogical profile with poor health are developed. Thanks to the implementation of the proposed teaching methodology with the inclusion of badminton means, students of a pedagogical profile with poor health master their special knowledge, skills, and physical culture and health- improving competence for a healthy lifestyle and active motor activity is formed in their minds.
The analysis of the clinical effectiveness of preventive therapy in pregnant women with moderate obesity and disorder of vitamin D metabolism
Authors: Bodnarchuk О. V.
Published: October 2022

Annotation. Obesity during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of serious adverse perinatal outcomes. The aim of our clinical prospective study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of preventive therapy in pregnant women with obesity and vitamin D deficiency. Pregnant patients with obesity were divided into clinical subgroups, depending on the dose of vitamin D preparation at the beginning of preventive therapy in accordance with the initial serum level of 25(OH)D. The first subgroup of the clinical group of the prospective study - 24 women who had a level of 25(OH)D in blood serum less than 22.0 ng/ml, in addition to low dose (100 mg per day) of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) received vitamin D (4000 IU per day), the II-nd clinical subgroup consisted of 26 pregnant women who received ASA (100 mg per day) and vitamin D (2000 IU per day) with an initial serum concentration of 25(OH)D 22.1-28.0 ng/ml and III-d subgroup – 25 patients who received the low dose ASA and vitamin D (1000 IU per day), who had a serum 25(OH)D content of more than 28.1 ng/ml. Practically healthy pregnant women from the control group received 600 IU of vitamin D per day. The prescription of the drugs began at 10-12 weeks of pregnancy, and ended at 36 weeks of gestation. Variational and statistical processing of the research results was performed using the "STATISTICA 10" Enterprise Portable program. According to analysis of the clinical effectiveness of complex preventive therapy we found that a more positive effect was achieved with additional supplementation of vitamin D to pregnant women in a dose of 4000 IU (100 μg) per day with prior – the established level of 25(OH)D <20 nmol/l (12 ng/ml), against the appointment of 2000 IU of vitamin D (50 μg) to patients with a level of 25(OH)D of 20-30 nmol/l (8-12 ng/ml). The clinical effectiveness of the aforementioned preventive strategy was primarily a significant reduction in perinatal pathology cases (by 2 times), de novo hypertensive disorders (by 3.7 times), placental dysfunction (by 5.5 times) and fetal growth restriction (by 4.6 times), fetal distress (3.1 times), uterine subinvolution (3.7 times), postpartum septic complications (7.3 times), early neonatal adaptation disorders (2.5 times), newborn asphyxia (3, 2 times), as well as a significant decrease in cases of anomalies of labor activity (р=0.04), bacterial vaginosis (р=0.03). During and after using the proposed prophylactic therapy, there were no cases of side effects of the drugs, both on the part of the mother, and on the part of the fetus and newborn child.
The effect of intravenous infusion of lidocaine on the course of the perioperative period in children under 7 years of age
Authors: Gomon M. L. , Goncharuk O. S. , Mazur G. M.
Published: October 2022

Annotation. At present, the treatment of perioperative pain syndrome in children remains unsolved. This issue is caused not only by a stereotypical approach to the assessment of pain intensity but also due to specific pharmacotherapy of pain in pediatric patients, especially those under the age of 7 years. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of intravenous infusion of lidocaine on the course of the perioperative period in children under the age of 7 years. We conducted a prospective controlled study that included 76 children (45 boys, 31 girls) who underwent surgical procedures under general anesthesia. Age of the patients was from 2 months to 7 years (3.72±2.26 years). Patients were divided into two groups: the first group (n=32) included children who received intravenous lidocaine during the perioperative period, and the second (control) group (n = 44) included children who were not prescribed lidocaine. Data analysis was performed using the statistical package "SPSS 20" (SPSS Inc.) version 21.0.0 for Windows. According to the obtained data, heart rate (HR) during operative procedures and a postoperative serum cortisol level were significantly lower in the lidocaine group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The pressor response to extubation in patients of the study group was less pronounced; namely HR -109.63±14.09 bpm. to 120.75±7.61 bpm. in the control group (p<0.001), the mean arterial pressure - 70.99±8.59 mm Hg to 75.59±7.24 mm Hg, respectively (p=0.017). During the 48-hour follow-up period after surgery, pain intensity according to the FLACC pain scale was significantly lower with lidocaine administration, similarly to the average doses of narcotic analgesics used perioperatively. Perspectives for further research include a subgroup analysis of the efficacy and safety of intravenous infusion of lidocaine over the course of the perioperative period in children, depending on the type and duration of surgical procedures.
Chemistry in dentistry
Authors: Melnіk A. V. , Smirnova O. V. , Sulim O. G.
Published: October 2022

Annotation. The medical chemistry course for medical university students include separate sections of inorganic, analytical, physical and colloidal chemistry. Medical chemistry as an educational discipline lays the foundations for students to study medical and biological disciplines of general training which include biological chemistry, normal physiology, pathological physiology, pharmacology, as well as professional training disciplines – orthopedic, therapeutic and surgical dentistry. The purpose of the work was to reveal the possibilities of the subject “Medical Chemistry” for the development of the personality of a dental student’s, their acquisition of practical skills, the formation of the foundations of chemical competence in the future dentist. The following materials were used when writing the article: Educational and professional program “Dentistry” (Vinnytsia, 2021), a methodical manual created by the teachers of the Department of Biological and General Chemistry “Chemistry in Dentistry”, a workbook on medical chemistry for students of the Faculty of Dentistry, as well as developed test control before practical classes with presentation of laboratory works. The article describes the role of s-, p- and d- elements, organic substances in the processes occurring in the oral cavity, as well as in the treatment and prevention of dental diseases. The contribution of electrochemical processes in the development of dental pathology is considered. Along with this, the need to use various electrochemical methods (electrophoresis and iontophoresis) to prevent and to treat the diseases of the oral cavity is explained. Thus, knowledge of chemical processes and interactions is necessary to understand the principles of chemical action of drugs, chemical interactions between the oral environment and dental material. Which makes it possible to ensure an effective and safe treatment process.
Strategy of Teacher Competency Development Program in Madrasah Tsanawiyah
Authors: Oktiasari Rokhana , Asyari Hasyim , Zamroni M. Afif
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze strategies, evaluations, and materials for competency development at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Darut Tauhid Driyoejo Gresik. The research method in this article is qualitative with a case study approach. The place of this research was conducted in Madrasah Tsanawiyah Darut Tauhid Driyoejo Gresik which is located at Jalan Raya Banjaran Driyorejo Gresik Village. The informants of this research were the head of the Madrasah, the head of the foundation, the deputy head of the madrasa, and several teachers. Data collection techniques with observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study are: 1) The material for the teacher competency development program that has been implemented at MTs Darut Tauhid consists of material for making teacher administration which includes four teacher competencies and material for using information techniques, namely making powerpoints, making google forms, making classrooms and using zoom applications. meetings; 2) The strategies used in teacher competency development are training, workshops, and Subject Teacher Consultations (MGMP); 3) Evaluation of coaching includes the coaching program that has been implemented, facilitators, coaching materials, participants, strategy for implementing the coaching program and budget.
Curriculum Management of Al Izzah Islamic International Boarding School Batu
Authors: Sa'dullah Anwar , Haris Abdul , Wahidmurni Wahidmurni
Published: October 2022

Curriculum management is a basic component in the world of Islamic education. if it is developed through a good management system, it will become the basis of competitive advantage in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. Islamic education, especially Islamic boarding schools will face the challenge of competition in providing educational services and will not be avoided, this happens because of the development of globalization of technology and information. Curriculum management will be a strategic component in responding to these global challenges.
The Principal’s Attitude on Teacher Performance: A Case Study of Senior High School in South Tangerang Area
Authors: Waruwu Nurdelima , Arifin Fatkhul , Alam Mufassirul
Published: October 2022

This article aimed to determine 1) to determine the effect of the principal's attitude on high school teachers’ performance in South Tangerang area, 2) to find out how much influence principal’s attitude has on teachers’ performances in South Tangerang, 3) to determine principal’s attitude that can affect teacher performance. This study employed a quantitative approach with correlational and ex post facto methods. The population was high school teachers in South Tangerang area while the subject of this study was 32 high school teachers in South Tangerang area. The independent variable (X) in this study is the principal’s attitude and the dependent variable (Y) in this study is teacher performance. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire and analysis method using Simple Regression. To test the hypothesis, correlation analysis and simple linear regression analysis were employed. Prior to the analysis test, the prerequisite tests were carried out, namely the normality test and the linearity test. Testing the hypothesis with a significance level of 5%, it was found that the p-value of the correlation between the principal's attitude variable and teacher performance was 0.079. The significance value of p > 0.05 (0.079 > 0.05). Because the value of F count is smaller than F table, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence between the variables of the principal's attitude on teacher performance.
Pengaruh Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio dan Earning per Share Ratio terhadap Harga Saham pada Perusahaan Teknologi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Ferdila  , Mustika Ita
Published: October 2022

Investasi dalam saham merupakan pilihan investasi yang memberikan hasil tinggi dalam waktu yang relatif singkat karena harga saham selalu berfluktuasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Current Ratio, Debt To Equity Ratio dan Earning Per Share Ratio terhadap harga saham pada perusahaan Teknologi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif data time series, data diperoleh dari BEI selama tiga tahun dari tahun 2018-2020. Pengolahan data diuji dengan statistik melalui asumsi klasik, analisis regresi berganda dan uji hipotesis dengan Uji T, Uji F dan uji determinasi. Hasil penelitian secara parsial current ratio berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham, debt to equity ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap harga saham dan earning per share ratio berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham. Secara simultan membuktikan bahwa current ratio, debt to equity ratio dan earning per share berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham.
Awareness Among Parents Working in the Healthcare Sector on Screen Addiction and Its Impact on Children and Adolescents
Authors: Kondati Sathyanarayana , L. Nandhini , Thiruneelan L.S. , Solomon Hilda , Swaminathan Jayanthi , Rani A. Anitha
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The digital life of our children begins at an early age as they are exposed to a variety of screens (mobile phones, TV screens, tablets and computers). It has become more important for parents to suggest appropriate screen time and type of media exposure for children in recent years. Aim: The present study aimed to understand the awareness of parents who are health care workers on their child’s screen timing and associated behavioral changes, post lockdown. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the health care workers, who are parents of child aged between 3 - 18 years at Apollo Hospitals, between December 2021 - Feb 2022. Results: A total of 105 responses were received from medical and non-medical sectors. In the study, 47.61% were fathers followed by mothers (44.76%) and guardians (7.61%). The majority of the children belong to the age group of 6 to 12 years (42.85%) and were secondary school level (29.52%). The majority of the children watch mobile phones, followed by television. The daily screen time for child was reported as 3 hours in weekdays and > 4 hours on weekends. Among behavioral changes, age groups of 3-6 years and 12-18 years showed lack of concentration, whereas in 6-12 years age group personal hygiene was reduced. Further, there is a change in eating patterns (70%) and sleeping patterns (92%), and an increase in their monthly bills (42%) towards the mobiles/ screen apps due to increased screen time. On the other hand, digital technology increases the understanding of the concept easily and improves the learning outcome. Thus, parents feel that they need to find the right balance in the usage of technology (39.4%) for the prolonged use of digital technology. Conclusion: To conclude, it is fairly impossible to provide techno free zone to children in this digital world. Thus, parents have to focus and limit the screen usage time to reduce the ill effects, further parental screen addiction awareness and co- viewing avoid the behavioral problem
The on-task Attention of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder-An Eye Tracker Study Using Auticare
Authors: James Joanna , AR Sathyanarayanan , Chandra Bobin
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterized by atypical patterns of behaviors and impairments in social communication. Traditional intervention approaches often require extensive fund support and well-trained therapists to address core deficits. Hence, emerging technology such as virtual reality (VR) has the potential to offer useful technology-enabled intervention systems. In this paper, an innovative Extended reality, Artificial Intelligence, virtual reality-based skill training platform called Auticare was used. Aim/Objective: This study explores the on-task attention on two virtual reality-based cognitive scenarios of individuals with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) groups. Methodology: 220 participants (ASD = 200, TD = 20) took part in a series of attention tests, which involved ball picking and putting in a basket and an alphabet learning scenario. We captured four eye-gaze parameters, which includes time to first fixate, first fixation duration, average fixation duration, and the sum of fixation count. The eye tracking data were analyzed to determine the on-task attention of the user while performing VR-based cognitive scenarios. Performance data, eye tracking indices and physiological features indicated the on-task attention of the individuals with ASD. Results: In the results we observe the comparison in the eye tracking parameters of ASD and TD group. This gives insight into the attention patterns of the participants of the study in each cognitive VR scenario. Conclusion: It is concluded that virtual reality skill training is a promising medium for skill training of individuals with Autism.
Brain Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Alzheimer’s Disease Display Altered Key Protein Levels Including Cell Type-Specific Markers
Authors: Huang Yiyao , Driedonks Tom A.P. , Cheng Lesley , Rajapaksha Harinda , Routenberg David A. , Nagaraj Rajini , Redding Javier , Arab Tanina , Powell Bonita H. , Pletniková Olga , Troncoso Juan C. , Zheng Lei , Hill Andrew F. , Mahairaki Vasiliki , Witwer Kenneth W.
Published: October 2022

Background: Brain tissue-derived extracellular vesicles (bdEVs) play neurodegenerative and protective roles, including in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) may also leave the brain to betray the state of the CNS in the periphery. Only a few studies have profiled the proteome of bdEVs and source brain tissue. Additionally, studies focusing on bdEV cell type-specific surface markers are rare. Objective: We aimed to reveal the pathological mechanisms inside the brain by profiling the tissue and bdEV proteomes in AD patients. In addition, to indicate targets for capturing and molecular profiling of bdEVs in the periphery, CNS cell-specific markers were profiled on the intact bdEV surface. Methods: bdEVs were separated and followed by EV counting and sizing. Brain tissue and bdEVs from age-matched AD patients and controls were then proteomically profiled. Total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and antioxidant peroxiredoxins (PRDX) 1 and 6 were measured by immunoassay in an independent bdEV separation. Neuron, microglia, astrocyte, and endothelia markers were detected on intact EVs by multiplexed ELISA. Results: Overall, concentration of recovered bdEVs was not affected by AD. Proteome differences between AD and control were more pronounced for bdEVs than for brain tissue. Levels of t-tau, p-tau, PRDX1, and PRDX6 were significantly elevated in AD bdEVs compared with controls. Release of certain cell-specific bdEV markers was increased in AD. Conclusion: Several bdEV proteins are involved in AD mechanisms and may be used for disease monitoring. The identified CNS cell markers may be useful tools for peripheral bdEV capture.
Single Nucleus Transcriptome Data from Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Models Yield New Insight into Pathophysiology
Authors: Weller Andrew E. , Ferraro Thomas N. , Doyle Glenn A. , Reiner Benjamin C. , Crist Richard C. , Berrettini Wade H.
Published: October 2022

Background: 5XFAD humanized mutant mice and Trem2 knockout (T2KO) mice are two mouse models relevant to the study of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related pathology. Objective: To determine hippocampal transcriptomic and polyadenylation site usage alterations caused by genetic mutations engineered in 5XFAD and T2KO mice. Methods: Employing a publicly available single-nucleus RNA sequencing dataset, we used Seurat and Sierra analytic programs to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differential transcript usage (DTU), respectively, in hippocampal cell types from each of the two mouse models. We analyzed cell type-specific DEGs further using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Results: We identified several DEGs in both neuronal and glial cell subtypes in comparisons of wild type (WT) versus 5XFAD and WT versus T2KO mice, including Ttr, Fth1, Pcsk1n, Malat1, Rpl37, Rtn1, Sepw1, Uba52, Mbp, Arl6ip5, Gm26917, Vwa1, and Pgrmc1. We also observed DTU in common between the two comparisons in neuronal and glial subtypes, specifically in the genes Prnp, Rbm4b, Pnisr, Opcml, Cpne7, Adgrb1, Gabarapl2, Ubb, Ndfip1, Car11, and Stmn4. IPA identified three statistically significant canonical pathways that appeared in multiple cell types and that overlapped between 5XFAD and T2KO comparisons to WT, including ‘FXR/RXR Activation’, ‘LXR/RXR Activation’, and ‘Acute Phase Response Signaling’. Conclusion: DEG, DTU, and IPA findings, derived from two different mouse models of AD, highlight the importance of energy imbalance and inflammatory processes in specific hippocampal cell types, including subtypes of neurons and glial cells, in the development of AD-related pathology. Additional studies are needed to further characterize these findings.
The Background and History of SDPS: A Brief Glimpse of Its Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Gatchel Stan
Published: October 2022

Twenty-five years after the first conference of the Society for Design and Process Science, held in the emerging tech center of Austin Texas, its history remains a matter of lore, dwelling in the imagination of today’s young volunteers and in the brief glimpses of members and participants, who only see fragments of the unique trail of events that led to this moment. Professional societies hold an important place in the history of science and engineering. They serve as the “watering holes” where professionals from the same discipline may gather and discuss the vagaries of their body of knowledge, while sharing important discoveries with their colleagues. In the traditions of SDPS, all disciplines are welcome—to not only share their work and research methods but also to join others in examining the very nature of knowledge itself and to seek ways to integrate it across disciplinary boundaries. With this brief history, we can only present a cursory tale of the incredible circumstances that led to what was once called, “The Society of the Future.” We welcome readers of this, our 25th anniversary of the Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science. It was a long and almost unbelievable journey, but through it all, it would appear the Future has at last arrived.
Multiple Case Study of Changes in Participation of Adults with Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1: Importance of Redesigning Accomplishment and Resilience
Authors: Raymond Kateri , Gagnon Cynthia , Levasseur Mélanie
Published: October 2022

Background:

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most prevalent adult form of neuromuscular disorders, for which a decrease of participation with age is known. However, little is known about facilitators and barriers to participation, especially from the perspective of both patients and caregivers.

Objective:

This study explored and explained changes in participation post-diagnosis with myotonic dystrophy type 1 from the perspective of six adults, their relatives and nurse case managers.

Methods:

A multiple case study was carried out with these triads ( n =  6) using semi-structured individual interviews, medical charts, and a participation patient-reported outcome measure. The six cases were built around three women and three men (age: 40–56 years; disease duration: 19–39 years). Their “relatives” were mainly family members. Nurse case managers had done annual follow-ups with all the adults for approximately ten years. Changes in participation were characterized generally by: 1) heterogeneity, 2) insidious increase in restrictions, and more specifically by: 3) redesigning accomplishment, 4) progressive social isolation, 5) restrictions in life-space mobility, and 6) increasingly sedentary activities.

Results:

Important facilitators of participation were the adult’s resilience, highly meaningful activities, social support, living arrangement, and willingness to use technical aids. Barriers were mostly related to symptoms and a precarious social network, and were affected by misfit and potential syndemic interactions between personal (e.g., comorbidities) and environmental (e.g., stigma) factors.

Conclusion:

This study identified key facilitators and barriers and their underlying processes, which should be integrated into the evaluation and intervention framework to optimize participation over time.
Motor Responses in Pediatric Pompe Disease in the ADVANCE Participant Cohort
Authors: Duong Tina , Kishnani Priya S. , An Haack Kristina , Foster Meredith C. , Gibson James B. , Wilson Catherine , Hahn Si Houn , Hillman Richard , Kronn David , Leslie Nancy D. , Peña Loren D.M. , Sparks Susan E. , Stockton David W. , Tanpaiboon Pranoot , Day John W. ,   on behalf of the Pompe ADVANCE Study Consortium
Published: October 2022

Background:

ADVANCE (NCT01526785) presented an opportunity to obtain a more nuanced understanding of motor function changes in treatment-experienced children with Pompe disease receiving 4000L-production-scale alglucosidase alfa for 52 weeks.

Objective:

To estimate minimal detectable change (MDC) and effect size on Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88) after 52 weeks of 4000L alglucosidase alfa (complete data N =  90).

Methods:

The GMFM-88 mean total % score changes, MDC, and effect size were analyzed post hoc by Pompe Motor Function Level at enrollment, age groups at enrollment, and fraction of life on pre-study 160L-production-scale alglucosidase alfa.

Results:

Overall, participants aged < 2 years surpassed MDC at Week 52 (change [mean±standard deviation] 21.1±14.1, MDC range 5.7–13.3, effect size 1.1), whereas participants aged≥2 years did not attain this (change –0.9±15.3, MDC range 10.8–25.2, effect size –0.03). In participants aged < 2 years, improvements surpassed the MDC for walkers (change 17.1±13.3, MDC range 3.0–6.9, effect size 1.7), supported standers (change 35.2±18.0, MDC range 5.9–13.7, effect size 1.8) and sitters (change 24.1±12.1, MDC range 2.6–6.2, effect size 2.7). Age-independent MDC ranges were only attained by walkers (change 7.7±12.3, MDC range 6.4–15.0, effect size 0.4) and sitters (change 9.9±17.2, MDC range 3.3–7.7, effect size 0.9).

Conclusions:

These first GMFM-88 minimal-detectable-change estimates for alglucosidase alfa-treated Pompe disease offer utility for monitoring motor skills.

Trial registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT01526785; Registered 6 February 2012; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01526785
Hidden power of affective products and environments
Authors: Seva Rosemary R.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: Designs that evoke fun and surprise have been successful in driving uncommon positive behavior. Affective design (AD) is based on the premise that products and services can elicit strong affective responses that can be harnessed for specific purposes such as increasing consumption. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to discuss the theoretical foundations and applications of AD to address contemporary consumption, recycling, and healthcare issues. METHODS: Current applications of AD to address environmental and health issues were analyzed in terms of effectiveness in changing user behavior. Relevant concepts were used to provide future research directions in this field. RESULTS: Early applications of AD focused on designing products to increase customer satisfaction and stimulate consumption. The method, however, is auspicious in solving relevant societal and global problems. To pave the way for successful integration of AD, one research direction is the need to identify the right emotion to elicit in a certain context. There is a dearth of literature to promote sustainable consumption, such as using less energy, minimizing carbon footprint, or just taking care of the environment using AD. CONCLUSION: The integration of AD is a strategy that can be used to prompt behavior beneficial to society and the environment. Literature on AD suggests that a deliberate effort to manipulate design factors can work to elicit strong affective responses.
Complex systems design based on actual system functioning: Coping with variability in a national water ambulances service
Authors: Bellas Hugo Cesar , Arcuri Rodrigo , Ferreira Denise de Souza , Bulhões Bárbara , Masson Letícia , Vidal Mario Cesar Rodríguez , de Carvalho Paulo Victor Rodrigues , Jatobá Alessandro
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: In Brazil, the Mobile Emergency Medical Service (SAMU) is a model of mobile assistance and care for emergencies standardized throughout the country. The water ambulance service within the SAMU operates in riverside and coastal areas, and faces challenges and peculiarities that increase the complexity of providing a high-quality and safe emergency care service. OBJECTIVE: To develop organizational design guidelines aiming to improve resilient performance of complex systems, with an application to riverine and coastal mobile emergency care in Brazil. METHODS: Data collection followed an ethnographic approach. Fieldwork was carried in a participatory way, based on worksite technical description, semi-structured interviews with managers and emergency care teams’ professionals, and work observation whenever possible. Five regional SAMU coordinations were visited. Data coding employed content analysis and grouped data excerpts according to concepts of capacity and demand. Interfaces were identified between demand and capacity elements and adaptations led by system agents, orienting the proposal of guidelines for organizational design as solutions to face the verified gaps. RESULTS: Design guidelines produced spanned composition and training of both intervention teams and dispatch central teams, uniforms and personal protective equipment (PPE), decentralized water bases, means of communication, intervention protocols, biosafety and inter-sector actions. CONCLUSION: The approach enabled framing and assessment of specific design elements according to resilience engineering concepts, which in turn showed paths for improving the service and reconciling work-as-imagined and actual system functioning.
The barriers and opportunities to support the early career academics and professionals in human factors/ergonomics - revisiting reflections from IEA2015, IEA2018 & IEA2021
Authors: Qureshi Sadeem Munawar , Davy Jonathan , Buckley Katie
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: The Early-Career Community (ECC) comprises researchers, practitioners, and professionals in their “early-career” stages in the Human Factors/Ergonomics (HFE) profession. Early-career HFE professionals are essential to both current industry decision making and future growth of our profession. OBJECTIVE: This paper provides detailed insights into the barriers and suggestions to support engagement with ECC within the International Ergonomics Association (IEA) and its Federated Societies. METHODS: This report integrates key findings from the formal and informal discussions that occurred with diverse groups of stakeholders (n > 100) at IEA2015, IEA2018 and IEA2021 guided by the participatory inquiry paradigm, cooperative action-inquiry and participatory ergonomics approaches. RESULTS: Barriers to support ECC include: a lack of employment opportunities, poor general awareness and integration of HFE in existing university-courses, financial constraints, inclusivity challenges and a lack of Influence in decision-making. While some of the more systemic challenges are context-specific and cannot be overcome, ECCs suggested that: the IEA and its Federated Societies include ECC members as part of their boards; a Standing Committee for the ECCs be established as part of the IEA; make use of social-media more effectively to engage the ECC. More mentorship, networking, knowledge sharing, training and education, combined with financial-support will ensure that the ECC can participate. CONCLUSION: ECC members experience complex and dynamic challenges that affect their development and involvement in the broader HFE profession. It is therefore critical that appropriate, global, national and local strategies are developed to continue to support and develop the ECC to ensure the continued growth of and demand for HFE.
WAQF, SHARIA VENTURE CAPITAL, AND INSTITUTIONAL PROBLEMS: SOCIO-LEGAL CASES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Muslimin JM , Qamar Bahrul , Sen Hasbi
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this article is to indicate that the development of venture waqf so far in Indonesia is still not optimal. It is due to several obstacles, mainly socio-legal and managerial problems. Hence efforts are needed to continue to develop the concept of sharia venture waqf to more accelerate and overcome those obstacles. One of the efforts is by integrating and collaborating with commercial financial institutions, including through Sharia venture financing which is one of the tools in the Islamic economic concept to solve investment problems. In turn, the paper provides and prescribes a reconstruction and innovation of a comprehensive understanding and workable frame of agenda to be implemented in order to revitalize sharia venture waqf as a feasible financial instrument. The result of this research is sharia venture capital company is a form of financial institution that can act as a legal entity that adopt the concept of cash waqf. It is hoped that the optimization of the development of venture waqf can be easily realized. Likewise, several obstacles such as legal protection of cash waqf, issues of socialization, human resources, management systems, and accountability will also be easier to solve with the concept of integration.