bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND POPULATION STRUCTURE OF MONILIOPHTHORA RORERI IN COCOA PRODUCING AREAS OF GUATEMALA
Authors: Ruiz-Chután José Alejandro , Berdúo-Sandoval Julio Ernesto , Alvarado Vera , Kalousová Marie , Lojka Bohdan , Žiarovská Jana , Montes Luis , Sánchez-Pérez Amílcar , Fernández Eloy
Published: April 2024

Frosty pod rot (FPR) disease, caused by Moniliophthora roreri, is the most important cocoa disease in the Western Hemisphere. In Guatemala, the presence of the pathogen is attributed to a rapid and clonal dissemination throughout Central America after one or very few introductions of M. roreri from South America. We analyzed the genetic diversity of isolates from the main cocoa producing departments in Guatemala using AFLP. In total, 15 different multilocus genotypes were found among 119 isolates, indicating a low genetic diversity (percentage of polymorphic loci and Nei’s gene diversity, 12.28% and 0.321, respectively). The obtained linkage disequilibrium through the observed and standardized indexes of association (IA and r̄d) confirmed clonality and asexual reproduction in the populations of M. roreri. The discriminant analysis of principal components suggested three genetic groups; nonetheless, the minimum spanning network and fixation index (ΦST = 0.043 P = 0.09) revealed a weak population structure, mainly attributed to high human-mediated gene flow (Nm = 11.13). Given the high mutation rate of M. roreri, constant monitoring of its evolution is suggested along with quarantine practices that limit its dispersal and evaluation of cocoa clones tolerant to the new genotypes of M. roreri, thus preventing increases in losses of Guatemalan cocoa production.
PREVALENCE AND PREDICTIVE FACTORS OF NEUTROPENIA AMONG PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER RECEIVING DOXORUBICINCYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE CHEMOTHERAPY AT A CANCER CENTER, SURIN HOSPITAL: A RETROSPECTIVE CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Lertanansit Chalermchai , Aekpongsan Kaweewat , Puapan Panwassa
Published: April 2024

Background: Despite significant advancements in breast cancer treatment with targeted therapy and immunotherapy, chemotherapy remains a crucial component across all stages. Anthracycline-based chemotherapy, while commonly administered, can lead to severe and potentially fatal complications such as febrile neutropenia.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictive factors for developing neutropenia in patients with breast cancer undergoing an anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimen.
Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted at the Surin Hospital Cancer Center from January 2020 to December 2022. It focused on patients diagnosed with breast cancer and treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy, specifically the doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide regimen (AC). Prognostic factors were analyzed using a flexible parametric regression model, employing univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results: A total of 174 eligible patients with confirmed breast cancer who received AC regimen chemotherapy were included; 99.4% were predominantly female, with 21.7% being over 65 and nearly 40% having at least one other health condition. Neutropenia, characterized by a neutrophil count of less than 500 cells/mm3, was observed among 18% of patients. Of these, 4% developed febrile neutropenia, resulting in two deaths. A multivariate analysis identified two factors, age of 65 years or older (adjusted OR=3.18; 95% CI 1.122-9.013; p=0.029) and an initial absolute neutrophil count less than 3,000 cells/mm3 (adjusted OR=2.73; 95% CI 1.032-7.204; p=0.043), as independent predictors of neutropenia. Interestingly, the severity of neutropenia did not significantly differ between patients with or without additional health conditions or varying nutritional statuses.
Conclusion: As anticipated, a significant prevalence of neutropenia was observed among individuals with breast cancer, underscoring the critical importance of age and initial neutrophil count in predicting the severity of neutropenic incidents. These findings offer valuable insights for tailoring treatment strategies and optimizing patient care in this clinical context.
Navigating Professional Identity: Insights into the Effects of Post-Observation Conferences on Educational Supervisors
Authors: Almerabi Abdulhakeem , Almuhammadi Anas
Published: April 2024

This research endeavors to investigate the influence of post-observation conferences (POCs) on the professional identity of educational supervisors within public education settings. POCs represent dialogic sessions conducted between supervisors and teachers subsequent to classroom observations, where they deliberate on the strengths and areas for enhancement in the observed teaching practices. Professional identity, in this context, pertains to the self-understanding and self-image concerning one's role and responsibilities as an educational supervisor. Employing a qualitative, narrative inquiry research design, the study utilizes semi-structured interviews and a focus group as data collection methods. The study involves two English language educational supervisors located in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, as participants. Data analysis is conducted through thematic analysis, guided by Braun and Clarke's (2006) six phases. The findings underscore the significant impact of POCs on the professional identity of educational supervisors, facilitating avenues for learning, feedback, reflection, and collaboration. Moreover, the study identifies challenges and offers suggestions to enhance the quality and effectiveness of POCs. By contributing to the literature on educational supervision and professional development, this study furnishes educational implications for practice.
Biblical justice as restorative justice: A critical-constructive analysis
Authors: De Witte Pieter
Published: April 2024

Biblical justice as restorative justice: A critical-constructive analysis

Christian proponents of the restorative justice movement often draw upon the concept of ‘biblical justice’ as a guiding principle for reforming the criminal justice system. This article delves into the meaning of biblical justice as espoused by advocates of restorative justice, exploring its application in theory and practice. Through an analysis of three recurring themes – overcoming division, justice as well-being and retribution – this article highlights the controversies and ambiguities surrounding these concepts from both theological and restorative justice perspectives. It proposes that adopting a virtue-ethical approach can offer a nuanced understanding of the relationship between biblical justice and restorative justice.
A paranização do Paraná: literatura & identidade cultural no jornal "Nicolau" (1987-1996)
Authors: Souza Marco Aurélio de
Published: April 2024

Este artigo analisa uma das principais estratégias editoriais do jornal Nicolau (1987-1996), qual seja, sua forte orientação para temas de interesse regional, examinando o papel por ele desempenhado no desenvolvimento histórico da literatura paranaense. Identificando as origens de sua postura “paranista”, demonstro de que modo a atuação do jornal contribuiu para a consolidação de uma autoconsciência da literatura paranaense, até então marcada por uma descontinuidade estrutural.
Fascismo e natureza: imagens desconcertantes da pedagogia do sr. Keuner
Authors: Pacheco Ana Paula
Published: April 2024

O artigo busca analisar três das Histórias do Sr. Keuner, que tematizam as relações entre natureza e capitalismo, seja discutindo as relações de propriedade, exploração e dominação social transpostas ao fundo do mar, seja detectando o fim do mito do “mal natural”, ao produzir um instantâneo do assassinato de um criminoso por forças sociais que o ultrapassam. Assim, tem-se em vista compreender as Histórias como um laboratório de formas na contramão de lugares-comuns, palavras de ordem e regras de comportamento do “cidadão de bem”, a fim de estudar as formas do nazifascismo que adentravam a consciência.
Apresentação
Authors: Corpas Danielle , Gil Fernando Cerisara
Published: April 2024

Apresentação do Dossiê Literatura em perspectiva materialista e formativa em tempos sombrios.
O sistema quadrinístico via Diego Gerlach
Authors: Carneiro Maria Clara da Silva Ramos , Zeni Lielson
Published: April 2024

Diego Gerlach produz quadrinhos em que se reapropria de obras estrangeiras, na estética do zine (com cenários e personagens periféricos) em queforma, fabricação e distribuição dialetizam elementos de quadrinhos hegemônicos e periféricos. O presente artigo pretende analisar seu trabalho inserido em um sistema quadrinístico, partindo de ideias elaboradas por Antonio Candido (1981) para pensarmos a existência de tal sistema.
Infância e pobreza em três livros de Lygia Bojunga
Authors: Pires Carlos , Bueno Lenice
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo investigar três das principais obras de uma autora central no campo contemporâneo da literatura para crianças e jovens no Brasil, Lygia Bojunga, com atenção especial às representações do mundo rural e urbano e aos deslocamentos entre diferentes espaços sociais. Em Os colegas (1972), A bolsa amarela (1976) e A casa da madrinha (1978), as personagens são construídas em situações limites entre a realidade e a fantasia, procurando escapar de condições opressoras, em diferentes medidas, que acontecempor motivos particulares nos três livros. A exploração dessas diferenças e os rearranjos literários, que a autora realiza para tratar esses distintos materiais sociais, propiciam uma reflexão tanto sobre a formação desse campo literário que se consolida nesse momento (início da década de 1970) quanto sobre as representações culturais do Brasil moderno e urbano nos livros para crianças e jovens.
Evocações dantescas na prosa poética de Cruz e Sousa
Authors: Costa Ribeiro Bárbara , Bastoni da Silva Júlio Cezar
Published: April 2024

Este artigo analisa a prosa poética de Cruz e Sousa, à luz da Comédia de Dante. Nosso estudo se concentra especificamente no texto “Capro”, de Cruz e Sousa, com o intuito de examinar reminiscências dantescas ali presentes, compreendendo, afinal, como ambos os autores, nos textos analisados, veem a relação entre o poeta, o meio natural e a tarefa da escrita – aspectos explorados tanto na obra de Dante como na de Cruz e Sousa.
Tradução intersemiótica dos pecados dantescos para o filme "La solita commedia: Inferno"
Authors: De Mello Suélen Najara , Ferreira da Silva Rafael
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo busca discutir acerca da tradução intersemiótica dos círculos do inferno e dos pecadores do clássico da literatura universal Divina Comédia, de Dante Alighieri, para a paródia fílmica La solita commedia: Inferno (2015), dirigido por Fabrizio Biggio, Martino Ferro e Francesco Mandelli, que narra as aventuras do poeta fiorentino, que volta à Terra sete séculos depois com a missão divina de fazer uma analogia dos pecados do século XXI para poder endereçar quem os cometeu aos círculos pré-existentes.
Frutos e dedos de comer: um cruzo com a poesia de Cecília Floresta
Authors: Riscado Caio
Published: April 2024

O artigo tem como objeto a análise de poemas do livro Panaceia, da escritora, poeta, editora e tradutora Cecília Floresta, publicado pela editora urutau, em 2020. A partir do destaque de versos que misturam espaços, tempos, saberes e práticas das lesbianidades, macumbarias e poéticas ancestrais, as noções de contaminação, inorganicidade e relação são apresentadas através da formulação de relatos que expandem o aparato sexo-discursivo de corpos e identidades marcados como desviantes. Em diálogo com a produção de Cecília Floresta, poetas como Maria Isabel Iorio, Gênesis e Carolina Luisa Costa são citadas para localizar o corpo enquanto tecnologia erótica e política na proposição de imaginários que resistem às imposições da heteronormatividade. Por último, a presença da palavra-conceito encruzilhada nos versos da poeta é investigada como marca das potências encarnadas e portal para a abertura de caminhos encantados.
Inscrever-se às ruas: os grafites de Mujeres Creando e o feminismo como revisão epistemológica
Authors: Matias Barbara Alves
Published: April 2024

A partir de alguns grafites do coletivo feminista boliviano Mujeres Creando, o presente trabalho propõe um diálogo entre os modos de funcionamento operados pelo grupo e as reflexões em torno da ideia de realismo capitalista, oferecidas por Mark Fisher em realismo capitalista - é mais fácil imaginar o fim do mundo do que o fim do capitalismo? (2020). A hipótese que se levanta é a de ser possível tomar o feminismo praticado pelo coletivo como uma estratégia de revisão epistemológica e, consequentemente, de recuperação da capacidade de imaginar – e propor – futuros possíveis.
“Porque Guilhermina é esperança”: O slam e o protagonismo da juventude negra
Authors: Nascimento de Melo Carolina Nascimento , Almeida de Sousa Karina
Published: April 2024

O artigo associa o slam, como prática cultural expressiva, à diáspora africana. A partir do circuito da cultura (DU GAY et al., 1997), analisamos as batalhas protagonizadas pela juventude negra na disputa por significados. O Slam da Guilhermina, primeiro slam de rua do Brasil, é tido como artefato cultural capaz de orientar a observação da representação, identidade, regulação, consumo e produção. Tais processos nos permite analisar como a juventude negra se apropria e ressignifica de modo (cri)ativo a cultura.
Reflexões sobre a identidade surda a partir da poesia Negro Surdo (Slam do Corpo)
Authors: Oliveira Gerciane Maria da Costa , Vieira Kyara Maria de Almeida , Viveiros Denise Penha
Published: April 2024

O presente estudo tem como principal objetivo analisar a poesia Negro Surdo do Slammer Edinho Santos, representante do grupo Slam do Corpo, e sua relação com as identidades surdas. Partindo de pesquisa de caráter Netnografico, desenvolvida no ciberespaço, o vídeo analisado possibilitou concluir que vozes presentes no Slam do Corpo são uma forma de resistência e existência cultural, já que o discurso e as performances produzidas reforçam a identidade e protagonismo surdo.
A centralidade da particularidade como categoria estética
Authors: Santos João Paulo Ferreira dos , Bogo Ademar
Published: April 2024

O presente trabalho pretende apresentar e discutir elementos importantes acerca da particularidade como categoria central da estética. Para tal, partiremos das formulações de György Lukács, especialmente daquelas que se encontram nos títulos Introdução a uma estética marxista, cuja primeira edição é de 1957, em italiano, e Estética I: A peculiaridade do estético, de 1963, em alemão. Ademais, pretendemos tratar ainda da especificidade e da importância da arte no mundo dos homens e para os homens.
O Rage Against the Machine na contramão da história
Authors: Lyra Frederico
Published: April 2024

Neste artigo tentamos situar a música e postura engajada e politizada do grupo Rage Against the Machine no tempo histórico da sua existência, isto é, nos anos 1990 no imediato pós-guerra fria. Tentaremos sustentar que de maneira paradoxal esse grupo de rock foi um dos responsáveis por manter a chama utópica acessa devido a sua postura radical que se colocava na contramão da história.
You Will Need a Different Kind of Board of Directors
Authors: Pareras Luis
Published: April 2024

The board of directors is critical to a company’s organizational structure, overseeing management and protecting shareholders’ interests. In science-driven companies, the board’s role extends beyond traditional business and financial oversight to include scientific expertise that drives innovation, manages scientific risk, and ensures adherence to ethical standards. The board’s primary responsibilities include corporate governance, strategic guidance, and oversight of management activities, ensuring the company’s adherence to legal standards and ethical norms. The decisions made at this level can significantly affect not only the company but also public health, patients, research directions, and industry standards. Ultimately, board members in science-driven companies contribute their unique skills and knowledge to the board, always with transparency and a strong ethical compass.
Trends in Remote Patient Monitoring
Authors: Butcher Lola
Published: April 2024

Leading healthcare organizations are using remote patient monitoring (RPM), which, according to some studies, is associated with improved patient outcomes and high patient and clinician satisfaction. The technology is evolving quickly, but most providers are sitting on the sidelines because reimbursement rates do not encourage its use. RPM advocates encourage all provider organizations to prepare for the day at-home monitoring becomes standard.
Negotiating Second-Generation Contracts
Authors: Reiboldt Max , Chamblee Justin , Knight Ellis
Published: April 2024

As contracts between health systems/hospitals and physician groups approach their renewal dates, negotiations for second-generation contracts must consider the lessons learned from previous contracts and the changes in the healthcare industry. While productivity is still a significant factor in these contracts, changes in reimbursement paradigms, structural changes, and corporate entities must also be considered. A thorough financial analysis, an issues tracker, a letter of intent, and definitive agreements are tools that can facilitate the negotiation process. Keys to a successful negotiation include respecting the changes in the industry, delineating the key needs and expectations of both parties, creating a negotiation subgroup, avoiding misunderstandings, and allowing for changes in the future post-transaction. Ultimately, the negotiation process should be collaborative, communicative, and transparent. These considerations, along with a give-and-take spirit by both parties, can lead to a successful second-generation contract.
Educación mediada por tecnología: percepciones de universitarios durante la pandemia del Covid-19
Authors: Gómez Emigdio Larios , Galeano Ronie , Alves Márcia Cristina
Published: April 2024

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo, analizar comparativamente las percepciones de la calidad en el servicio educativo que reciben las generaciones Y y Z, y a padres o tutores de la generación X, en escuelas públicas y privadas de Veracruz y Guerrero (México) durante la pandemia de covid-19. Asimismo, el diseño de la investigación es de tipo mixta, cualitativacuantitativa y transversal. Se recopiló la información a través de una encuesta a estudiantes de las generaciones Y, Z y X de escuelas públicas y privadas del estado de Veracruz con clases en línea durante la pandemia por covid-19. La muestra es de 97 sujetos y se entrevistaron a 10 personas y las Variables de estudio fueron perfil Cognitivo, Afectivo, Conductual y Socioeconómico. Cómo conclusiones del proyecto de investigación nos dimos cuenta de muchas cosas, principalmente que las universidades sé si están tomando en cuenta y están preocupados por qué el alumno reciba una educación de calidad, el apoyarse en plataformas como teams, classroom o blackboard cumple una tarea fundamental de mantener la relación del maestro y el alumno, ya que gracias a estas tecnologías se puede mantener un salón de clases virtual sólido.
Resolução de problemas matemáticos no ensino fundamental: contexto histórico e metodologias de ensino
Authors: Leite Jéssica Nascimento das Neves , Azeredo Thamiris Bárbara de Almeida Borges
Published: April 2024

A resolução de problemas é uma habilidade essencial que prepara os alunos para a vida acadêmica e pessoal. Ela vem sendo discutida ao longo dos anos por se tratar de um conceito importante, que auxilia no desenvolvimento de pensamento crítico, pleno desenvolvimento do educando e na formação para o trabalho, podendo ser abordada não somente em um contexto específico, mas sim em um âmbito geral da educação de forma interdisciplinar. Sabendo dessa importante habilidade, atualmente no Brasil, temos três programas de avaliação nacional para avaliar como está o nível de aprendizagem dos brasileiros envolvendo a resolução de problemas. Por este motivo, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo elucidar o contexto histórico da resolução de problemas através de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática dos autores e conceitos sobre a tema. Por fim, podemos perceber a importância das aulas do Ensino Fundamental serem voltadas para a realidade do educando com as novas metodologias.
Prevalencia y factores de riesgos de Malaria en pacientes febriles del Distrito 22D03 Aguarico-Salud Aguarico, 2022
Authors: Tandazo-Calderón Víctor Hugo , Mina-Ortiz Jhon Bryan , Araujo-López Catalina Verónica. , Quito-Quezada Segundo Ramó
Published: April 2024

La malaria es una enfermedad endémica-epidémica que representa un importante desafío para la salud pública debido a la diversidad de complicaciones. En Ecuador, este padecimiento está resurgiendo debido a varios factores de riesgos que favorecen la permanencia de la infección. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar prevalencia y factores de riesgos de malaria en pacientes febriles del Distrito 22D03 Aguarico-Salud, 2022. La metodología empleada fue de enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo de corte transversal y retrospectivo; el estudio incluyó a todos los pacientes febriles sometidos a las técnicas de Gota gruesa y extendido en el Distrito 22D03 Aguarico-Salud. Se realizó un muestreo sistemático de tipo probabilístico. Los resultados identificaron diversos factores de riesgo, tales como estar en contacto con personas infectadas (p=0,001), no usar toldos (p=0,0000) y la presencia de aguas estancadas cerca de las viviendas (p=0,0004), el hacinamiento (p=0,029), que representaron riesgos de alta susceptibilidad para la población y un ambiente propicio para aumentar el riesgo de malaria. La especie predominante en todos los casos fue Plasmodium vivax, y en edades de 1-12 años y 13-23 años, la prevalencia de casos autóctonos fue del 19,18% y los casos importados es de 0,68%. En conclusión, en el cantón Aguarico, la población es especialmente vulnerable a la malaria debido a la exposición a personas infectadas, la falta de uso de toldos y la presencia de aguas estancadas cerca de las viviendas, hacinamiento, principalmente en la etnia indígena masculina de zonas rurales, así como a la ubicación geográfica tropical que favorece el crecimiento del mosquito Anopheles portador del parásito P. vivax, siendo los casos autóctonos la principal causa de la alta prevalencia de la malaria.
PARALISIA FACIAL: HARMONIZAÇÃO DAS ASSIMETRIAS COM TOXINA BOTULINICA E IMPLANTES FACIAIS
Authors: Ribeiro Letícia Cristine Ramos
Published: April 2024

O objetivo dessa revisão bibliográfica foi relatar a eficácia do uso da toxina botulínica e implantes faciais para o reestabelecimento da simetria de pacientes portadores de Paralisia facial. A paralisia facial ocorre devido a interrupção da condução axonal do nervo facial, ocasionando a paralisia total ou parcial da musculatura cuticular. Mesmo após diversos tratamentos, ainda se observa uma significativa assimetria facial, por isso destaca-se a relevância do uso da toxina botulínica e implantes faciais (ácido hialurônico, fios de sustentação, PMMA, ácido poli lático e hidroxiapatita de cálcio) para reestabelecimento da simetria. Concluiu-se que a toxina botulínica é eficaz ao tratamento, pois quando aplicada, a contração é interrompida, reestabelecendo a harmonia facial do paciente e os implantes reestabelecem a tonicidade, aumentam o volume e atuam na correção da flacidez tecidual.
LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA ESCRITA PARA SURDOS: PROGRESSOS E DESAFIOS NA SALA DE AULA VIRTUAL
Authors: Costa Artur Moraes da , Teodoro Bruno Araujo , Silva Cleidiane Alves da , Vaz Diego Leonardo Pereira , Lopes Joel Alves Sacramento , Freitas Karlla Patrícia de Souza , Pretto Marcos , Freitas Miriã Clemente de
Published: April 2024

Este artigo propõe-se a apresentar experiências exitosas do ensino de português escrito para alunos Surdos e alunas Surdas em um contexto de sala de aula virtual, ocorrido no período do isolamento social. Para tanto, optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa, sob o amparo da pesquisa-ação, tendo em vista que os profissionais estavam engajados diretamente nas atividades desenvolvidas. As aulas foram conduzidas por meio de plataformas virtuais de ensino, geridas por uma professora Surda e um professor não-Surdo, ambos fluentes em Libras. Ao completar esta pesquisa, constatou-se que a bidocência ofereceu um ambiente bilíngue enriquecedor aos alunos e alunas; a identidade dos cursistas Surdos foi afirmada pela professora Surda presente nas aulas e a aprendizagem colaborativa propiciou a aquisição de novos conteúdos de maneira ativa, retirando das mãos dos professores a centralização do conhecimento e, em contrapartida, oportunizando aos alunos Surdos serem sujeitos de seu aprendizado.
INTERNAÇÕES EM CARATÉR DE URGÊNCIA POR COLELITÍASE E COLECISTITE NO ESTADO DO AMAZONAS ENTRE OS ANOS 2018 E 2022
Authors: Saunier Karen Gabrielle Santos , Trindade Maria Victoria Fonseca , Giordani Frida Chaves , Reis Dhayane Lemes , Silva Luiza Azevedo , Albuquerque Luiza Arouca , Bentes Jennifer Victoria da Silva , Reis Danilo Lemes
Published: April 2024

A presença de cálculos biliares na vesícula, chamada de colelitíase, é um achado muitas vezes acidental da ultrassonografia que pode ser assintomático, sem repercussões clínicas no paciente ou sintomáticos, podendo evoluir até para uma síndrome de abdome agudo inflamatório, a colecistite calculosa, ou seja, inflamação da vesícula biliar com a presença de cálculos biliares. Haja vista a característica de emergência da própria doença colecistite, vemos com os resultados altas taxas de internação em caráter de urgência bem presente na Região Norte. Durante o corte temporal dos anos 2018 a 2022, ocorreram um total de 15058 internações em caráter de urgência por Colelitíase e Colecistite.
STUDENT VIEWS ON THE POPULARITY/PRESTIGE OF TEACHING JOBS
Authors:   International Black Sea University, Doghonadze Natela , C. De Bello Thomas ,   State University of NY, Aliyev Aydin , Hawalachi Huda ,   University of Mosul, Ulker Venera ,   Tishk University
Published: April 2024

According to existing studies, the popularity of teaching jobs is decreasing. Considering the significance of teaching, without which other professions cannot develop efficiently, it is important to assess how acute the problem is and to try to offer some solutions to it. Another goal of the study was to try to develop recommendations on how to raise teaching jobs’ reputation and thus contribute to the improvement of the situation. The goal of the given study, which is a part of three surveys, was to find out students’ views on the prestige of teaching jobs. The main question was ‘Is teaching prestigious?’ An online survey applying a self-made questionnaire was held in Georgia, Azerbaijan, Iraq, and USA with 657 respondents (122 + 362 + 102 +71, consequently). The conclusion was made that the respondents’ attitude towards teachers in these countries is reasonably positive, however, not many of them are planning to become teachers. It was recommended that to increase the prestige of teaching jobs it is necessary, first of all, to raise the quality of teaching, as well as to stimulate book and movie authors and mass media to present the profession to the public more often and positively.
La responsabilidad penal de los notarios como funcionarios y el desempeño de la supervisión notarial en los actos ilícitos
Authors: Layana Oñate Tatiana Elizabeth
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación se titula la responsabilidad penal de los notarios como funcionarios y el desempeño de la supervisión notarial en los actos ilícitos. Los resultados de esta investigación son los recursos legales para los notarios que están sujetos a sanciones civiles por actos ilícitos y la autoridad del Consejo de Supervisión en relación con el comportamiento legal del notario. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la responsabilidad penal de los Notarios por actos ilícitos cometidos en la realización de escrituras públicas y el papel del Consejo de Supervisión en el comportamiento de sus miembros. El método de investigación utilizado es el jurídico normativo, es decir, una investigación que se centra en el uso de materiales de biblioteca, estudios de documentos y entrevistas. El resultado de esta investigación es una información que perjudica a una de las partes. Esto causa pérdidas al Notario que la aprueba. Esto obliga al Notario a responder de sus actos, ya sea en forma de sanciones civiles, administrativas o penales. Esto puede dar lugar a la presunción de que es posible que el Notario, junto con las partes, realizara una escritura con la intención de llevar a cabo un acto que no se ajusta a la normativa aplicable. Si se demuestra que el Notario ha cometido este acto, deberá ser objeto de sanciones.
Carbon dots in forensics, environmental science, and medicine
Authors: Van Cauwenberghe Cecilia E
Published: April 2024

Carbon dots in forensics, environmental science, and medicine

Dr. Cecilia E. Van Cauwenberghe, from Frost & Sullivan, explains the revolutionary impact of carbon dots in forensics, environmental science, and medicine to detect, diagnose, and treat. In the intricate tapestry of modern science, carbon dots (C-dots) stand out as a luminescent marvel, bridging the gap between nanotechnology and practical applications across forensic, environmental, and medicinal fields. The surge in research dedicated to harnessing the potential of these nanostructures has unveiled innovations that not only push the boundaries of detection and diagnostics but also promise to reshape our approach to solving complex problems in these areas.
The role of stacked codes in the digital age
Authors: Girard Chris
Published: April 2024

The role of stacked codes in the digital age

Chris Girard from Florida International University, sheds light on how, in the digital age, stacked genetic, computer, and quantum codes are being edited by university-trained experts. New forms of complex organisation emerge at the edge of chaos (see Kauffman 1993; Wolfram 2002). The longevity of these emerging complex systems depends on their capacity to counter two chaos-sustaining (entropic) constraints: one is spatiotemporal, the other is energetic (Girard 2020, 2024). Countering such constraints occurs through flows of coded information that systematically translate the spatiotemporal and energetic dynamics of one domain into corresponding dynamics in another domain.
Building global health with lego vaccines
Authors: Wong Tuck Seng , Tee Kang Lan
Published: April 2024

Building global health with lego vaccines

Prof Tuck Seng Wong and Dr Kang Lan Tee from the University of Sheffield, explain building global health with LEGO vaccines. The lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic emphasise the crucial need for swift responses, whether in vaccine development or manufacturing, and highlight the importance of our readiness for future pandemics. Engaging in a Whac-A-Mole game with emerging diseases, novel pathogens, or new variants is risky. Such a strategy would only leave us vulnerable, resulting in delayed responses that could jeopardise the health and well-being of our global population.
Seabirds and humpback whales give early warning to marine heatwaves
Authors: Bien Lauren , Arimitsu Mayumi , Suryan Rob , Moran John
Published: April 2024

Seabirds and humpback whales give early warning to marine heatwaves

Lauren Bien from Prince William Sound Science Center and Mayumi Arimitsu from USGS, Alaska Science Center and additional contributors, John Moran and Rob Suryan, Alaska Fisheries Science Center explain how seabirds and humpback whales provide early warning signals during extreme marine heatwaves. Between 2014 and 2016, an extreme marine heatwave struck the North Pacific Ocean, affecting nearshore and pelagic (offshore, open-ocean) ecosystems from Southern California to Alaska. This unprecedented event, characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures over a large area, was the longest-duration marine heatwave recorded to date. The Gulf of Alaska endured some of the most severe consequences of this heatwave, now known as the Pacific Marine Heatwave or “the Blob” (Fig. 1).
Ultrananocrystalline diamond coating (UNCD™): Revolutionizing surface engineering
Authors: Auciello Orlando
Published: April 2024

Ultrananocrystalline diamond coating (UNCDTM): Revolutionizing surface engineering

Unique, low-cost ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD™) coating is facilitating new generations of industrial products, high-tech devices, medical devices, and prostheses. This article offers an overview of the materials science, properties, integration strategies, design, and development of new generations of industrial products, high-tech devices, external and implantable medical devices, and prostheses. It also covers the use of a unique, low-cost, and biocompatible ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD™) film in the treatment of medical conditions. The film has been developed and patented by Auciello et al. and aims to improve the quality of life of people worldwide.
Welfare economics: Reducing animal suffering at negligible costs
Authors: Ng Yew-Kwang
Published: April 2024

Welfare economics: Reducing animal suffering at negligible costs

Yew-Kwang Ng, Emeritus Professor from the Department of Economics, at Monash University in Australia, argues the case for reducing animal suffering at negligible costs to human beings. Animal welfare protection has been of important practical concern in many countries globally. For example, in Australia, the Federal Government appointed an independent panel in 2023 to consult on the transition from live sheep export to a better future for animals. Also, opposition to recreational duck hunting/shooting has gained more popular support.
Religion and accountability for restorative offender rehabilitation
Authors: Joon Jang Sung
Published: April 2024

Religion and accountability for restorative offender rehabilitation

Offender rehabilitation has different meanings for different people because we may have varying expectations about what rehabilitation actually looks like. Sung Joon Jang and Byron R. Johnson walk us through the role of religion and accountability in restorative rehabilitation. Rehabilitation may be determined to have been achieved based on the fact that an offender was not arrested for a new crime during a set period of time after completing a particular program or therapy. Another individual may conclude that an offender was rehabilitated when he or she was hired for a full-time job after completing an education or job training program and could retain employment for a certain period of time without getting into trouble at work.
Structural biology research and the origins of genetic coding
Authors: Carter Charlie
Published: April 2024

Structural biology research and the origins of genetic coding

Charles W. Carter, Jr, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, reviews the ways that recent research in Structural Biology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Phylogenetics have opened the origins of genetic coding to experimental study and their important implications. Structural Biology is the study of the 3D arrangements of atoms in biological molecules. It is an immensely rich source of information that has continually transformed how we think of ourselves. Knowing a structure adds a new level of reality to an entire range of mechanistic models. The double helical structure of DNA likely brought the most fundamental overhaul of our perspective. It showed that units we had called “genes” have a structure that makes the idea of a “heritable blueprint” unmistakably self- explanatory.
Meteorological data for public health surveillance
Authors: Wimberly Michael
Published: April 2024

Meteorological data for public health surveillance

Michael Wimberly, Professor from the University of Oklahoma, walks us through integrating meteorological data for public health surveillance and disease forecasting. Public health surveillance involves the collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health-related data to plan, implement, and evaluate public health practices. The resulting information supports the detection of emerging health threats, planning interventions, and evaluating policies and programs to protect and improve population health.
Can the arts be an effective tool to combat psychosis stigma?
Authors: Cannon Mary , Hoey John
Published: April 2024

Can the arts be an effective tool to combat psychosis stigma?

There has been a rise in stigma for mental illnesses over the past few decades, particularly for psychotic symptoms. However, artistic representation may be the key to eliminating psychosis stigma. Stigma was originally described by the Canadian sociologist Erving Goffman in 1963 as the ‘situation of the individual who is disqualified from full social acceptance.’(1) The Oxford English Dictionary describes stigma as: “Negative feelings that people have about particular circumstances or characteristics that somebody may have.” Psychotic symptoms, such as hearing voices, being afraid of threats that others do not perceive, or believing in implausible ideas, remain stubbornly stigmatic which can lead to social alienation, impact self-worth, and impede recovery. The arts, such as painting, poetry, and visual arts are receiving increasing attention as potentially powerful interventions at a societal level to facilitate deeper understanding of psychotic symptoms and communicate the experience on a personal level to the public.
Artificial intelligence (AI) tools in genetics
Authors: Kristensen Vessela , Undlien Dag
Published: April 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools in genetics

Vessela Kristensen and Dag Undlien uncover AI tools in genetics, from variant recognition to clinical implementation. Most people are curious about how their bodies work (and the ways they occasionally do not). This curiosity extends towards how our bodies are built, their functions, and what maintains life and health. Most people think that science is remote from the lives they lead, and the decisions that they make day by day, but this is far from the truth. Our understanding of genetics may affect our choices at our doctor’s office about our healthcare and reproductive decisions, including family planning.
Political leadership on climate and the 1.5°c limit: A normative framework
Authors: Beardsworth Richard
Published: April 2024

Political leadership on climate and the 1.5°c limit: A normative framework

Richard Beardsworth, Professor of International Relations and Head of School at POLIS, University of Leeds, walks us through political leadership on climate and the 1.5°C limit and discusses if this limit remains a meaningful normative framework for climate action. In 2015, 196 governments came together at the UN-held international climate meeting COP21 to sign the Paris Agreement. In this non-binding international treaty, almost all governments of the world pledged to “hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre industrial levels and pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C,” aware that the risk of irreparable damage to life rapidly increased at the 2°C threshold.
Current challenges for European democracy
Authors: Pinelli Cesare
Published: April 2024

Current challenges for European democracy

Cesare Pinelli, Professor of Constitutional Law at the University of Rome La Sapienza, discusses the reasons behind the EU’s vulnerability to criticism by populist leaders. The European democracy is facing increasing challenges, if not threats, that are likely to affect its identity. Some concern democracies worldwide, from military aggressions and hybrid warfare run by autocratic States to the new dangers connected with the sweeping development of Artificial Intelligence or the growing power of giant firms worldwide. Other challenges, although also diffused worldwide, uniquely affect European democracies. The rise of populist and nationalist governments will likely fall under such a category.
Puppetry to cement European cultural identity
Authors: Plassard Didier
Published: April 2024

Puppetry to cement European cultural identity

Tracing Western European repertoires of puppet and marionette theatres brings to light the international circulation of heroes, techniques, and stories. It demonstrates how this popular type of entertainment contributes to the dissemination of shared cultural references. Debates on European cultural identity diverge into two opposing directions. The first debate, political and philosophical, sees cultural identity as a set of values “that give human beings their reasons for living and doing” (European Culture: Identity and Diversity, Council of Europe, 2005).
Revolutionizing pain medication: Preventing addiction and side effects
Authors: Vanner Stephen , Stein Christoph
Published: April 2024

Revolutionizing pain medication: Preventing addiction and side effects

Stephen Vanner, president of pHarm Therapeutics Inc., and Christoph Stein, inventor and co-founder, discuss a new class of analgesics for pain caused by tissue injury and inflammation. Severe pain resulting from major tissue injury and inflammation, such as arthritis, trauma, surgery, cancer, migraines, sickle cell crisis, and inflammatory bowel disease, can often only be treated effectively with conventional opioid medication. However, the risks of addiction and serious side effects, such as life-threatening respiratory arrest, have led to an opioid crisis in North America and worldwide. The 2018 USA Federal Drug Administration roadmap to combat this crisis states that ‘transitioning from the current market, dominated by conventional opioids, to one in which opioids have abuse-deterrent properties, holds significant promise for a meaningful public health benefit.’ However, so far, competitive approaches, including biased opioid agonists, have failed.
A music and mental health research clinic
Authors: Comeau Gilles
Published: April 2024

A music and mental health research clinic

Anxiety and depression are among the most common types of mental issues (1-2), and their consequences include diminished quality of life, and a negative effect on relationships, work, and school, considerably affecting our social fabric. Additionally, stigma and other barriers can delay people from seeking help. (3) We believe that music may be an innovative, non-clinical, cost-effective solution to this societal problem, and that community-based music programs could be a successful way of reaching and helping individuals with mental illness or at risk of mental illness. Find out about a music and mental health research clinic. The University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal details the context and challenge.
Electric-field nanobubbles: Re-engineering water treatment
Authors: English Niall
Published: April 2024

Electric-field nanobubbles: Re-engineering water treatment

Niall J. English, from the University College Dublin, School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, discusses electric-field generated nanobubbles, including re-engineering water treatment – and beyond. A major and fundamental challenge is limited solubility in many liquids, e.g., gases, such as oxygen, and especially hydrogen, in water. In ecosystems and the environment, lack of dissolved oxygen (DO) is a significant reason for fish kills and water bodies being blighted by algal blooms, in addition to sometimes lack of effectiveness concerning activated-sludge processes in water treatment or poorer-than-hoped results in irrigation.
Eye health: Understanding childhood myopia
Authors: Logan Nicola
Published: April 2024

Eye health: Understanding childhood myopia

Professor Nicola Logan, Professor of Optometry & Physiological Optics at Aston University, helps us to understand childhood myopia (short-sightedness), stating that early management in this vein is crucial for eye health. Myopia, commonly known as short-sightedness, is an eye condition where distant objects appear blurry. Myopia has been seen as a minor issue easily corrected with spectacles, contact lenses, or surgery. However, our view and understanding of myopia have evolved dramatically over the last two decades.
Appreciating biodiversity science: Why biodiversity should be a big science
Authors: Blanchet F. Guillaume
Published: April 2024

Appreciating biodiversity science: Why biodiversity should be a big science

Professor F. Guillaume Blanchet from Université de Sherbrooke posits the importance of treating biodiversity science as a big science to reach the goals set during the COP15 on biodiversity. Biodiversity encompasses every variety of life on Earth, from the bacteria that cause strep throat to blue whales and humans. Biodiversity has been studied everywhere, from seemingly alien ecosystems around hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the oceans to the mosses and lichen of Mount Everest. Biodiversity should not only be seen as the number of species that live in a particular area at a specific time but also understood as how living organisms differ in their genetics and functions and how ecosystems differ from each other.
Beyond the numbers: COVID-19 data miscommunication
Authors: Favato Giampiero , Oliva Cristina
Published: April 2024

Beyond the numbers: COVID-19 data miscommunication

Prof Giampiero Favato and Cristina Oliva, MD, explain how storytelling shapes health behaviours beyond the numbers. Here, we learn lessons from COVID-19 data miscommunication. The COVID-19 crisis brought to light the critical role of numbers in shaping our world, especially in times of emergency. Mathematical models became indispensable tools for governments, guiding them in making life-saving decisions like initiating lockdowns and halting non-essential services. The media frequently spotlighted these models, illustrating the virus’s rapid spread.
Navigating koala conservation challenges with advanced tech and game-changing vaccine research
Authors: Timms Peter
Published: April 2024

Navigating koala conservation challenges with advanced tech and game-changing vaccine research

Discover the intricate tale of koala survival, from habitat struggles to the rise of Chlamydia vaccines, in this exclusive interview with Professor Peter Timms from The University of Sunshine Coast, Australia. Historically, koalas were abundant, spanning much of Australia from north to south centuries ago. However, various factors have significantly altered their distribution, leading to a substantial reduction in their range. In some instances, up to 50% of populations have dwindled, with specific areas experiencing complete wipe-outs. Consequently, what remains are fragmented populations scattered mainly along the East Coast, creating a landscape where smaller groups are at constant risk of extinction.
LGBTQ+ scientists: UK-US inclusion in STEM
Authors: Colston Belinda
Published: April 2024

LGBTQ+ scientists: UK-US inclusion in STEM

Belinda Colston1, Abigail Powell1, Lauren Esposito2 and Arti Agrawal3 discuss the challenges for LGBTQ+ scientists and inclusion in the UK-US STEM landscape through an intersectional lens. The STEM professions continue to be dominated by white, heterosexual men and characterised by a stereotypically masculine culture with the expectation of heteronormative identity. The exclusionary and hostile environments often encountered in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) disciplines have persistently excluded women, ethnic minorities, disabled people and those who identify as LGBTQ+.