bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence rate, clinical course and risk factor for recurrent PCR positivity in discharged COVID-19 patients in Guangzhou, China: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zheng Jia-Zhen , Zhou Rui , Chen Feng-Juan , Tang Guo-Fang , Wu Ke-Yi , Li Fu-Rong , Liu Hua-Min , Lu Jian-Yun , Zhou Ji-Yuan , Yang Zi-Ying , Yuan Yu-Xin , Lei Chun-Liang , Wu Xian-Bo
Published: May 2020

Background: The phenomenon of COVID-19 patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 after discharge (redetectable as positive, RP) emerged globally. The data of incidence rate and risk factors for RP event and the clinical features of RP patients may provide recommendations for virus containment and discharge assessment for COVID-19. Methods: The baseline included 285 adult inpatients (≥18 years old) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital. We started the Observation on Jan 20, 2020, and acquired all their definite clinical outcome (becoming RP or keeping normal during post-discharge surveillance) by Mar 10, 2020. The dynamic clinical data of patients during observation were prospectively collected and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate-adjusted logistic regression were used to explore the risk factors related to RP events in COVID-19 patients. Results: By March 10, 27 (9.5%) discharged patients had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in their nasopharyngeal swab after a median duration of 7·0 days (IQR 5·0-8·0). Age, sex, epidemiological history, clinical symptoms and underlying diseases were similar between RP and non-RP patients (p>0.05). Compared to first admission, RP patients generally had milder clinical symptoms, lower viral load, shorter length of stay and improved pulmonary conditions at readmission (p<0.05). Elder RP patients (≥ 60 years old) were more likely to be symptomatic compared to younger patients (7/8, 87.5% vs. 3/19, 18.8%, p=0.001) at readmission. A prolonged duration of viral shedding (>10 days) during the first hospitalization [adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 5.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.50-13.57 for N gene; aOR: 9.64, 95% CI: 3.91-23.73 for ORF gene] and higher Ct value (ORF) in the third week of the first hospitalization (aOR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.50-0.95) were associated with RP events. Conclusions: RP events occurred in nearly 10% of COVID-19 patients which deserves globally attention. During hospitalization, patients’ low efficiency of viral clearance was a risk factor for RP event. Elderly RP patients were more likely to develop clinical symptoms. To reduce the possibility of reinfection and readmission during the management of COVID-19, more rigorously monitoring on patients’ viral load should be carried out especially in elder patients and later stage of hospitalization.
Ordered 24-Hrs Recalls Associate with Systematic and Order-Specific Differences in Reported Energy and Carbohydrate Intakes by Individuals with Obesity: A methodological Approach in A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Serban Costela Lacrimioara , Perva Iulia Teodora , Chirita-Emandi Adela , Sima Alexandra , Andreescu Nicoleta , Putnoky Salomeia , Niculescu Mihai Dinu , Puiu Maria
Published: May 2020

Background. In depth understanding of dietary patterns of individuals with obesity is needed in practice and research, in order to support dietitians and physicians in the design and implementation of nutritional management. We aimed to analyze the consistency of energy, macro- and micronutrients reported intakes in four non-consecutive 24-hrs dietary recalls using information collected in the NutriGen Study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02837367).Methods. Data included reported food intakes from 388 adults who completed four 24-hrs recalls. Results. Analyses indicated a significant decrease between the first and subsequent evaluations in regard to energy and several nutrients, with a systematic decrease in reporting energy and carbohydrates for the second evaluation. When excluding the second 24-hrs recall from the average, this new evaluation induced significant increases in the averages for reported energy, carbohydrates, and almost all micronutrients, indicating that the second recall is a point of controversy for whether to be included or not in further analyses.Conclusion. This study identified systematic differences in energy and carbohydrate reporting in the second recall, when four ordered 24-hour recalls were administered to adults with obesity. More studies are needed to identify the source of these differences, in order to ascertain whether reporting, training bias, or behavioral changes are responsible for such differences, and whether a time point with systematic differences should be included or not in further analyses.
Cytokine Profile and Glial Activation Following Brachial Plexus Roots Avulsion Injury in Mice
Authors: Zhong Ke , Li Yinqin , Tang Ying , Yu Guangying , ZILUNDU PRINCE LAST MUDENDA , Zhou Yingying , Xu Xiaoying , Fu Rao , Zhou Lihua
Published: May 2020

Background Inflammation and tissue infiltration by various immune cells play a significant role in the pathogenesis of neurons suffering the central nervous systems diseases. Although brachial plexus root avulsion (BPRA) leads to dramatic motoneurons (MNs) death and permanent loss of function, however, the crosstalk between cytokines and glial reaction in the spinal cord during injury is far beyond our knowledge. The current study is sought to investigate the alteration of specific cytokine expression patterns of BPRA injured spinal cord during an acute and subacute period.Methods Here, cytokine assay, transmission electron microscopy, and histological staining were utilized to assess the alteration of cytokine network, ultrastructure morphology, as well as glial activation and loss of MNs within two weeks, post-injury on a mouse BPRA model.Results We found that BPRA significantly changed the level of CXCL1, IL12 p70, ICAM1, IP10, MCP-5, MIP1-α and CD93. Moreover, the elevated MIP1-α and CD93 were mostly distributed in MNs of the injured, but few in healthy segments. Also, BPRA significantly induced glial reactions in the ventral horn of injured spinal segments, reflected by robustly elevated the Ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA1) and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive cells. We also observed a severe progressively loss of injured MNs, with a character of both apoptosis and necrosis.Conclusion Overall, these findings suggested that the inflammatory cytokines associated with glial cell proliferation play a vital role in the pathophysiology of MNs death caused by nerve roots injury.
Therapeutic interventions in primary care, youth mental health settings for young people with Borderline Personality Disorder or borderline traits
Authors: O’Dwyer Nikki , Rickwood Debra , Buckmaster Dean , Watsford Clare
Published: May 2020

Background This study aimed to investigate what therapeutic interventions are currently being applied by clinicians working with young people who have a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder or borderline traits. Given the current lack of evidence-based guidelines with this client population, investigating what is occurring currently is needed. The study also aimed to determine whether the interventions clinicians are using are effective in reducing distress and increasing functioning with these clients. Methods Participant data came from the national minimum data set for headspace youth mental health centres across Australia. Young people’s data were included in the study if the young person was diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder or borderline traits during their first episode of care (N=701). Clinician data that indicated the sort of intervention used at each client session and outcome measures routinely captured were analysed to determine interventions used and outcomes achieved. Results Results demonstrated that CBT was the most frequently used modality of intervention followed by supportive counselling and IPT. There were no or only weak relationships between changes in outcomes and the amount of any type of intervention that was provided. No significant relationship was found with the amount of CBT a client received and changes in symptoms or functioning, despite being the most commonly employed modality. Conclusions The study highlights the need for evidence-based guidelines for early intervention in young people with borderline personality disorder.
Can Computed Tomography-Based Radiomics Potentially Discrimination Between Anterior Mediastinal Cysts and type B1 and B2 thymomas
Authors: Liu Lulu , Lu Fangxiao , Pang Peipei , Shao Guoliang
Published: May 2020

Background
Anterior mediastinal cysts (AMC) are often misdiagnosed as thymomas and undergo surgical resection, which caused unnecessary treatment and medical resources waste. The purpose of this study was to explore potential possibility of computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics for the diagnosis of AMC and type B1 and B2 thymomas.
Methods
A group of 188 patients with pathologically confirmed AMC (106 cases mischarged as thymomas in CT) and thymomas (82 cases) and underwent routine chest CT from January 2010 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The lesions were manually delineated using ITK-SNAP software, and radiomics features were performed using the Artificial Intelligence Kit (AK) software. A total of 396 tumor texture features were extracted from enhanced CT and unenhanced CT, respectively. The general test, correlation analysis and LASSO were used to features selection and then the radiomics signature (radscore) were obtained. The combined model including radscore and independent clinical factors were developed. The model performances were evaluated on discrimination, calibration curve.
Results
Two radscore model were constructed from the unenhanced and enhanced phases based on the selected 4 and 3 features, respectively. The AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of the enhanced radscore model were 0.928, 89.3% and 83.8% in the training dataset and 0.899, 84.6%, 87.5% in the test dataset (higher than the unenhanced radscore model). The combined model of enhanced CT including radiomics features and independent clinical factors yielded an AUC, sensitivity and specificity of 0.941, 82.1%, and 94.6% in the training dataset and 0.938, 92.3%, and 87.5% in the test dataset (higher than the unenhanced combined model and enhanced radscore model).
Conclusions
The study suggested the possibility that the combined model in enhanced CT provided a potential tool to facilitate the differential diagnosis of AMC and type B1 and B2 thymomas.
Comparison of Climatic Factors on Mosquito Abundance at US Army Garrison Humphreys, Republic of Korea
Authors: Hwang Myung-Jae , Kim Heung-Chul , Klein Terry A. , Chong Sung-Tae , Sim Kisung , Chung Yeonseung , Cheong Hae-Kwan
Published: May 2020

Background A number of studies have been conducted on the relationship between the distribution of mosquito abundance and meteorological variables. However, few studies have specifically provided specific ranges of temperatures for estimating the maximum abundance of mosquitoes as an empirical basis for climatic dynamics for estimating mosquito-borne infectious disease risks.Methods Adult mosquitoes were collected for three consecutive nights/week using Mosquito Magnet® Independence® model traps during 2018 and 2019 at US Army Garrison (USAG) Humphreys, Pyeongtaek, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea (ROK). An estimate of daily mean temperatures (provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration) were distributed at the maximum abundance for selected species of mosquitoes using daily mosquito collection data after controlling for mosquito ecological cycles and environmental factors.Results Using the Monte-Carlo simulation, the overall mosquito population abundance peaked at 22.7℃ (2.5th−-97.5th : 21.7℃–23.8 ℃). Aedes albopictus, vector of Zika, chikungunya, dengue fever and other viruses, abundance peaked at 24.6℃ (2.5th − 97.5th, 22.3℃–25.6℃), while Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) vectors, e.g., Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex pipiens, peaked at 24.3℃ (2.5th − 97.5th : 21.9℃–26.3℃) and 22.6℃ (2.5th − 97.5th : 21.9℃–25.2℃), respectively. Members of the Anopheles Hyrcanus Group, some of which are vivax malaria vectors in the ROK, abundance peaked at 22.4℃ (2.5th − 97.5th : 21.5℃–23.8℃).Conclusion The empirical mean temperature ranges for maximum abundance were determined for each mosquito species collected at USAG Humphreys. These data contributed to the identification of relative mosquito abundance patterns for estimating mosquito-borne disease risks and developing and implementing disease prevention practices.
Prevalence and factors associated with acute diarrheal disease among under- five children in Southern Ethiopia: Community based cross sectional study
Authors: Mulu Eyob , Nigusie Adane , Endehabtu Berhanu Fikadie
Published: May 2020

Background: Diarrheal disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among under-five children worldwide. It is one of the top leading causes of under-five morbidity & mortality in Ethiopia. Knowing the determinants of a disease enables us to design an effective intervention. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of acute diarrheal disease among under-five years of age.Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was carried out. Five hundred thirty mothers/care takers with under-five children were selected by using systematic random sampling from selected kebeles in the district. Data were collected using structured and pre-tested questionnaires. Data was cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was done to assess factors affecting diarrhea. Results: A total of 530 households with under- five children were involved in the study. The mean ages of the respondents and the index children were 33.30(+6.26SD) years and 22.75 (+12.79SD) months, respectively. Prevalence of diarrheal disease over a period of two weeks preceding the study was 21.3%. Water source [AOR: 4.476, 95% CI (1.962, 10.210)], distance to water source [AOR: 2.252, 95% (1.139, 4.451)], feces seen outside the pit hole of latrines [AOR: 2.943, 95% (1.347, 6.429)], mothers/care takers who feed adult food to the children [AOR: 6.985,95 %( 1.074, 45,433)] and bottle feeding [AOR: 8.269 ,95%(1.086, 62.975)] were significantly associated variables on multivariate analyses.Conclusions and recommendations: The magnitude of diarrhea among under -five children was relatively high. Improper use of latrines, source of water of for drinking, times to water source, types of food and methods of feeding were the factors associated with acute childhood diarrheal. The authors of the study recommend availing improved water sources for the community. The community is also advised to use latrine appropriately and use appropriate food and method of feeding to reduce the risk of diarrheal. Health education program should be given to the hygiene sanitation and behavioral practice of the households
Acute encephalopathy with elevated CSF inflammatory markers as the initial presentation of COVID-19.
Authors: Farhadian Shelli , Glick Laura R. , Vogels Chantal B.F. , Thomas Jared , Chiarella Jennifer , Casanovas-Massana Arnau , Zhou Jing , Odio Camila , Vijayakumar Pavithra , Geng Bertie , Fournier John , Bermejo Santos , Fauver Joseph R. , Alpert Tara , Wyllie Anne L. , Turcotte Cynthia , Steinle Matthew , Paczkowski Patrick , Cruz Charles Dela , Wilen Craig , Ko Albert I. , MacKay Sean , Grubaugh Nathan D. , Spudich Serena , Barakat Lydia Aoun
Published: May 2020

Background: COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus SARS-CoV-2. It is widely recognized as a respiratory pathogen, but neurologic complications can be the presenting manifestation in a subset of infected patients. Case presentation: We describe a 78-year old immunocompromised woman who presented with altered mental status after witnessed seizure-like activity at home. She was found to have SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated neuroinflammation. In this case, we undertake the first detailed analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokines during COVID-19 infection and find a unique pattern of inflammation in CSF, but no evidence of viral neuroinvasion. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that neurologic symptoms such as encephalopathy and seizures may be the initial presentation of COVID-19. Central nervous system inflammation may associate with neurologic manifestations of disease.
The Urgent Countermeasures in Infection Control for Diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Taiwan
Authors: Lee Yuan-Ti , Tsao Shih-Ming , Li Chien-Feng , Chou Ying-Hsiang , Huang Chien-Ning , Tsai Ming-Che , Lee Su-Yin , Huang Huey-Jen , Chen Chih-Yi , Jong Gwo-Ping , Tyan Yeu-Sheng , Liaw Wen-Jinn , Tseng Chia-Jung , Chao Tzu-Chieh , Lee Chiu-Hsiang , Phan Chee-Seong , Hsieh Ming-Chang , Chan Kuei-Chuan , Wang Yao-Tung , Yen Chi Hua , Ho Sai-Wai , Pan Hui-Hsien , Yu Chia-Hui , Yu Su-Fang , Huang Shu-Ju , Huang Yu–Huan , Cheng Pei-Chen , Huang Li-Hua , Wu Tzu-Jung , Chao Li-Mei , Tseng Chun-Yi , Wu Yun-Hsianh , Tsai Ming-Hsiu , Lee Wen-Ching , Huang Yu-Feng
Published: May 2020

The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a large-scale outbreak and has rapidly spread across China and multiple countries. We reported countermeasures in infection control for diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) infection and the experiences of point of care diagnostics and medical quarantine for presumed SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects. We conducted a retrospective cohort study on subjects came to Chung Shan Medical University Hospital with suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 infection during January to March, 2020. We performed the real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction testing (rRT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2-infection and reported the results of testing and treatment. A total of 212 participants were enrolled due to suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Five of those were confirmed COVID-19 cases after monitoring for a period of 14 days and were cured. The time to rRT-PCR test conversion after treatment is variate. The infection control measures of home quarantine and mandatory medical quarantine combined with rapid diagnosis seem to postpone the speed of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection at once in Taiwan. Due to lack of vaccination and confirmed antiviral therapy, it is important to strictly abide by the infection control measures.
Networks and Religion: Ties that Bind, Loose, Build Up, and Tear Down
Authors: Heiberger Sean F.
Published: May 2020

That social networks play a central role in religious life is well accepted by most social scientists. We are reasonably confident, for instance, that they are crucial for the recruitment and retention of members, the diffusion of religious ideas and practices, motivating individuals to volunteer and become politically active, the health and well-being of people of faith, and conflict, radicalization, and (sometimes) violence. However, in conference presentations, journal articles, and books social network analysts have shown little interest in exploring the interplay of networks and religion. In this paper, I review, and in some cases expand upon, what social scientists of religion have learned about networks and religion. I conclude with a call for social network analysts to focus the analytical tools of social network analysis on a phenomenon that has and continues to exert considerable influence in today’s world.
Usporedba spoznajnog i emocionalnog aspekta slušanja glazbe u glazbeno-pedagoškom kontekstu osnovne škole
Authors: Vidulin Sabina , Plavšić Marlena , Žauhar Valnea
Published: May 2020

Cilj je slušanja glazbe u školi oblikovati kulturno-umjetnički svjetonazor učenica i učenika te doprinijeti njihovom estetskom odgoju. U hrvatskim osnovnim školama realizira se prema tzv. standardnom modelu kojemu je težište na spoznajnoj dimenziji. Kako bi se povećali pozornost, motivacija, slušalačke navike i prihvaćanje umjetničke glazbe, predlaže se spoznajno-emocionalni pristup koji višemodalno povezuje glazbene i izvanglazbene sadržaje. Cilj istraživanja bio je usporediti utjecaje spoznajno-emocionalnog i standardnog pristupa u nastavi glazbene kulture na spoznajni i emocionalni aspekt slušanja glazbe. Sudjelovalo je 557 učenika i učenica iz 30 petih razreda. Slušali su Hačaturjanovu Maskaradu, Beethovenovu Wellingtonovu pobjedu, Rimski Korsakovljevu Šeherezadu i Fauréovu Pavanu te odgovarali na pitanja vezana za spoznajni i emocionalni aspekt slušanja glazbe. Petnaest razreda imalo je nastavu po standardnom, a 15 razreda po spoznajno emocionalnom pristupu. U spoznajnom aspektu odgovori učenika i učenica uglavnom se nisu razlikovali. U emocionalnom aspektu, u Šeherezadi i Pavani nešto su intenzivnije doživljavane dominantne emocije kada je bio primijenjen spoznajno-emocionalni pristup.
Elma Ekstraktının Toplam Fenolik Madde Miktarı ve Antioksidan Aktivitesi Üzerine Değişkenlerin Etkilerinin Yanıt Yüzey Yöntemi ile Belirlenmesi
Authors: PALAMUTOĞLU Recep , KASNAK Cemal
Published: May 2020

Elma (Malus domestica) besin öğeleri bakımından fonksiyonel özelliklere sahip olan ve hoşa giden tadı ile severek tüketilen bir meyvedir. Elmalar ve polifenolik bileşikleri içeren diğer gıdaların ekstraksiyonunda farklı çözgenler ve farklı metotlar kullanılmaktadır. Son yıllarda ekstraksiyon verimliliğinin artırılması amacıyla ultrasound destekli ekstraksiyon uygulamaları üzerine çalışmalar artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada farklı sürelerle ultrasound uygulaması, farklı etanol konsantrasyonu ve farklı örnek miktarı parametrelerinin elmalardan fenolik bileşiklerin ekstraksiyonu ve ekstraktların antioksidan aktiviteleri üzerine etkileri yanıt yüzey yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Buna göre toplam fenolik madde miktarı ve ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3)-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic asit) sonuçları için lineer modellemeler geliştirilirken DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil) sonuçları için quadratik modelleme belirlenmiştir. Ultrasonik su banyosu içerisinde farklı sürelerle ekstraksiyon işleminin toplam fenolik madde miktarına dolayısıyla da antioksidan aktivite göstergesi olan DPPH ve ABTS radikal süpürme aktiviteleri üzerine önemli bir etkisi olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Optimum ekstraksiyon koşulları ise %76.153 etanol konsantrasyonu, 12.452 dk ultrasound uygulaması ve 2.844 g örnek miktarı şeklinde tespit edilmiştir.
PID ve Bulanık Mantık Tabanlı DC Motorun Gerçek Zamanlı Konum Kontrolü
Authors: KAPLAN Kaplan , KUNCAN Melih , POLAT Halit , TEPE Burak , ERTUNÇ Hüseyin Metin
Published: May 2020

Son yıllarda güç elektroniği ve mikro elektronik teknolojisinin hızlı gelişimi ile birlikte fırçasız DC motor kullanım alanı oldukça genişlemiştir. Fırçasız DC motor küçük hacim, hafiflik, yüksek verimlilik, enerji tasarrufu, kolay hız ayarı, basit yapı, güvenilir çalışma ve kolay bakım gibi birçok avantaja sahiptir. Günümüzde endüstriyel kontrol proseslerinde fırçasız DC motor yaygın olarak kullanıldığından dolayı DC motor kontrolü önemli bir problem haline gelmiştir. Bu amaçla bu çalışmada, DC motorun pozisyon kontrolü için PID ve Bulanık Mantık kontrolörleri kullanılmıştır. DC Motorun dokümanından gerekli parametreler alınarak DC Motorun dinamik denklemleri ve transfer fonksiyonu çıkarılmıştır. Transfer fonksiyonu üzerinde simülasyon çalışmaları yapılarak PID ve Bulanık Mantık katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplanan katsayılar ile gerekli blok diyagramları Matlab Simulink ortamında Waijung bloklarıyla oluşturulup Code-Genaration aracı ile STM32F4 mikrodenetleyici kitine gömülmüştür. PID ve Bulanık Mantık kontrolör yapıları Mikrodenetleyici içerisine gömülerek DC Motorun pozisyon kontrolü üzerine başarılı deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Stabilizasyon İşleminin Pirinç Kepeğinin Bazı Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ERTÜRK Burcu , MERAL Raciye
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışma; farklı stabilizasyon koşullarının pirinç kepeğinin oksidatif stabilitesi, fitik asit içeriği ve antioksidan aktivitesi üzerine etkisini belirlemek için planlanmıştır. Bu amaçla pirinç kepeği örneklerine stabilizasyon işlemi uygulanmış ve elde edilen kepek örneklerinde meydana gelen değişimler saptanmıştır. Stabilizasyon için üç farklı fırın sıcaklığı (120, 140 ve 160 °C) ve üç farklı mikrodalga gücü (600, 700 ve 800 W) kullanılmıştır. Pirinç kepeği örneklerinin serbest yağ asitliği değerlerini düşürmede en etkili kombinasyonun fırında stabilizasyon olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ham pirinç kepeği ve stabilize edilen kepek örneklerinin peroksit değerleri depolama ile 30. güne kadar doğrusal bir artış göstermiş ancak 60. günde örneklerin peroksit değerlerinde düşüş tespit edilmiştir. Pirinç kepeği örneklerinin fitik asit içeriği 27.38-31.68 mg/g arasında değişmiş ve fitik asit içeriğinde önemli bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. Uygulanan stabilizasyon yöntemleri antioksidan aktiviteyi arttırmıştır. TEAK değeri 2439 μmol/TE’ den 7723 μmol/TE’ ye yükselmiştir. Sonuçlar, stabilizasyon sürecinin pirinç kepeğinin antioksidan aktivitesi üzerinde olumlu etkileri olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
Organizational and Tactical Measures to Identify and Document Crimes Related to Illegal Coal Mining
Authors: Volgin Iurii
Published: May 2020

The article, taking into account the subject of evidence in criminal cases, formulates proposals for operative tactical measures aimed at solving the problems of detection and documenting crimes related to illegal coal mining. Detection and documentation of crimes related to illegal coal mining are considered as two interrelated processes of activity of operative units of economic security and anti-corruption. Detection of crimes related to illegal coal mining is presented as an activity consisting of the following stages: search and receipt of primary operative search information; verification of primary information; targeted operative search for persons who may be witnesses, as well as items and documents that can serve as evidence; realization of materials for operative verification of primary information. The main directions of documenting crimes related to illegal coal mining are also defined. The selected areas of documenting crimes related to illegal coal mining allow for the process of proof in criminal cases. Based on the analysis of the activities of operative units of economic security and anti-corruption, a list of operative search actions that allow solving the problems of detection and documenting crimes related to illegal coal mining is proposed. Consider some of the tactical aspects of carrying out operative search actions.
Efficient adsorption of Hg(II) from aqueous solution by N, S co-doped MnFe2O4@C magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Qin Hangdao , Cheng Hao , Long Chenggui , Wu Xiaogang , Chen Yanhong , Hu Meng , Wei DingHui
Published: May 2020

N, S co-doped MnFe2O4@C magnetic nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a simple method involving the preparation of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles and subsequent pyrolysis treatment. The physical and chemical properties of MnFe2O4, MnFe2O4@C and MnFe2O4@C–NS nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption–desorption and the pH at the point of zero charge. Their performances in the adsorption of Hg(II) from water were investigated. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the experimental data of equilibrium isotherms fitted well with the Langmuir model. MnFe2O4@C–NS showed the highest adsorption capacity of 108.56 mg/g, increasing more than 1.7 times compared to MnFe2O4. The enhanced adsorption performance was attributed to the larger specific surface area as well as the complexation of N and S ligands on the surface. The thermodynamic parameters of ΔH°, ΔS° and ΔG° at 30 °C were −24.39 kJ/mol, −0.046 kJ/mol K and −10.45 kJ/mol, respectively, which indicated that the adsorption of Hg(II) on MnFe2O4@C–NS was exothermic and spontaneous in nature. Moreover, MnFe2O4@C–NS showed superior selectivity towards Hg(II) compared with other metal ions generally present in mercury-containing industrial wastewater.
Effects of 2-Hydroxypropil-Β-Cyclodextrin-Lidocaine on Tumor Growth and Inflammatory Response
Authors: Ferreira Luiz Eduardo Nunes , Abdalla Henrique Ballassini , da Costa Jéssica Pereira , de Freitas Domingues Juliana Souza , Burga-Sánchez Jonny , Groppo Francisco Carlos , Volpato Maria Cristina
Published: May 2020

Background:

Antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of lidocaine have been reported in tumor
cells. However, the use of these drugs is restricted due to their short action with rapid dispersion
from the injected site. The complexation of local anesthetics in 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-
CD) is able to improve pharmacological features.

Objective:

This study evaluated the antitumor effects of lidocaine and the complex HP-β-CD-lidocaine
(HP-β-CD-lido).

Methods:

In vitro, human adenocarcinoma (HeLa) and keratinocytes (HaCaT) were exposed to lidocaine
formulations and cell viability, proliferation and apoptosis induction were measured. In vivo,
Walker 256 carcinoma cells were subcutaneously injected into the plantar region of the rat right hind
paw. The animals were treated with a local application of 5% lidocaine or 5% HP-β-CD-lido. Doxorubicin
(3 mg/Kg/day, intraperitoneal) was used as a positive control. Edema sizes were measured daily
and the release of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1α and CXCL-1) and prostaglandin E2 was evaluated. Histological
analysis was also performed.

Results:

HaCaT IG50 values were 846 μM and 2253 μM for lido and HP-β-CD-lido, respectively. In
HeLa cells, the IG50 was 1765 μM for lido and 2044 μM for HP-β-CD-lido. Lidocaine formulations
significantly reduced the paw edema on day 6 after Walker 256 cells inoculation. However, there were
no differences in the release of inflammatory mediators in comparison to the control group.

Conclusion:

Lidocaine formulations were able to reduce the edema in vivo, without affecting the tumor-
induced inflammatory response. The antiproliferative effects of lidocaine formulations may have
contributed to tumor reduction.
Epidemiological Features of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak in China
Authors: Qi Zhang , Yu Yu
Published: May 2020

The fast-growing outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which originated
from Wuhan locating in central China at the end of 2019, spread to multiple cities in merely a month.
Although the mortality of this disease was lower than that of SARS, the incredible contagiousness was
much higher than SRAS-CoV. Because of the tremendous clout of 2019-nCoV, it is essential to hold
more details about it and monitor its future evolution. This mini review consequently summarizes the
key elements of epidemiology features, providing updated relevant findings and novel insights related to 2019-nCoV.
A Novel Scheme for Prevention and Detection of Black Hole & Gray Hole Attack in VANET Network
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Dadheech Pankaj , Goyal Dinesh , Patidar Pawan K. , Dogiwal S.R. , Janu Neha
Published: May 2020

Background and Objective:

VANET is an application used for the intelligent transportation
system which improves traffic safety as well as its efficiency. We have reviewed the patents
related to vehicular Ad-Hoc Network and their issue. To avoid road accidents a lot of information
we need in advance. This paper has developed a framework which minimizes the possibilities of the
black hole attack in VANET. According to us, there are two possible solutions for this purpose. The
first is to see alternative routes for the same destination. The second compromises of exploiting the
packet header's packet sequence number which is always included in each packet header. The second
procedure is able to verify that 72% to 96% of route which is discovered depends on pause
time t which is the minimum time for delay in the packet transition in the network when AODV
routing protocol is used for packet transitions.

Methods:

In this approach we used twenty five nodes. In which two are source nodes, two are destination
nodes and four are invaders. We analyses the effects of these invaders on the network and
studied their behavior on the network on different time-period to analyses if invader is black hole
invader or the invader is Gray hole. To calculate send packets, received packets, packet drop, packet
drop fraction, end-to-end delay, AWK script is used.

Results and Conclusion:

Through this work we simulate the result in the time frame of 100 ms
manually and on graph the time frame is not available so the time frame is processed by trace graph
accordingly. In the simulation we took 25 nodes initially and start the procedure to send the packets
over nodes. At first packets are broadcasted to every node to find out the location of nodes and
packets are dropped once the path is established and then the packets are transferred to the path established
over network.

Conclusion:

VANET is seen as the future of the network, and the need to secure it is crucial for the
safety of it from various attacks. A secured VANET is essential for the future of the network and
also currently acquiring this network will also boost the possibility of VANET to develop and reduce
the time of its implementation in the real world scenarios. In this work, we have designed a
framework and analyzed it for the possible attacks by the black hole, and Gray Hole attacks and also
effects of the attacks are recorded and studied by practically using it. After analyzing it’s concluded
that the attacks can be implemented and detected over the network.
Alcoholic Neuropathy: Involvement of Multifaceted Signalling Mechanisms
Authors: Behl Tapan , Yadav Harlokesh N. , Sharma Pyare L.
Published: May 2020

Background:

Alcoholic neuropathy is a chronic disorder caused by excessive consumption of alcohol. Damage to the
nerves results in unusual sensations in the limbs, decrease mobility and loss of some body functions.

Objective:

Alcohol is considered a major villain for exclusively creating the debilitating condition of the neuropathic state. This
review critically examines the key mediators involved in the pathogenesis of alcoholic neuropathy and the targets which upon
selective inhibition alleviates the progression of alcoholic neuropathy.

Method:

A thorough study of research and review articles available on the internet from PubMed, MEDLINE, and concerned sites
was performed on alcoholic neuropathy.

Result:

A deal of impairment in axonal transportation is quiet common with the progression of alcoholic neuropathy. Nutritional
deficiencies lead to axonal neuropathies that escalate a variety of complications that further worsens the state. PKC and PKA play
a significant role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic neuropathy. PKC plays a well-marked role in modulating NMDA receptor currents
manifesting to excitation in the neurons. MMPs are involved in the number of pathologies that destructs CNS and reduction in the
level of endogenous antioxidants like -tocopherol, vitamin E with ethanol promotes oxidative stress by generating free radicals
and lipid peroxidation.

Conclusion:

Oxidative stress is implicated in the activation of MMPs causing blood-brain barrier disruption, the latter involved in
the trafficking and passages of molecules in and out of the cell. Chronic alcohol consumption leads to the downregulation of CNS
receptors consequently precipitating the condition of alcoholic neuropathy.
Species richness and composition of macroalgal assemblages of a disturbed coral reef in the Gulf of California, Mexico
Authors: Piñon-Gimate Alejandra , Chávez-Sánchez Tonatiuh , Mazariegos Villarreal Alejandra , Balart Eduardo F. , Serviere-Zaragoza Elisa
Published: May 2020

Abstract:Background and Aims: In September 2001, the coral reef of the San Lorenzo Channel, La Paz Bay, Gulf of California, Mexico, was affected by the stranding of the oil tank vessel “Lázaro Cárdenas II”. Soon afterwards, hurricane “Juliette” hit the area with strong winds and water movement, disturbing the reef again. After that, three zones could be observed in the reef: one directly impacted by the shipwreck, one indirectly impacted by the hurricane, which moved and accumulated the coral debris left by the shipwreck, and the third one, which was not impacted. Later, a monitoring program was established to determine the degree of recovery of macroalgal assemblages in both impacted zones compared with the non-impacted one.Methods: From February 2005 to December 2007, macroalgae were collected seasonally by scuba divers in the three zones. In each zone, three to five thalli of all conspicuous algae, five rocks and five fragments of dead coral covered with macroalgal turfs were collected. Species number and composition of macroalgae assemblages were compared between zones and between years.Key results: A total of 117 species were found, 70 belonged to the phylum Rhodophyta, 25 to Ochrophyta-Phaeophyceae, and 22 to Chlorophyta. Macroalgal species richness and composition of the impacted zones were not different from the control zone, even between years.Conclusions: Macroalgal assemblages in the San Lorenzo Channel coral reef were able to recover, regardless of the modification of the substrate caused by the stranding and the hurricane “Juliette” in 2001. Therefore, it is important to implement monitoring efforts in case of anthropogenic or natural disturbance to document the extension of damage, recovery of the communities, and propose mitigation strategies if necessary.
Foodstagramming Hyperreality in Youth Consumption Behavior in Indonesia
Authors: Destriana Nabilah Mahdiyyah , Nurhadi Nurhadi , Pranawa Sigit
Published: May 2020

This research studies the foodstagramming phenomena that happened on most young people in Surakarta which has been the new lifestyle that causes hyperreality in social media. The purpose of this study was to know the motives behind the activities of foodstagramming done by Instagram users and their effects on the people’s consumptive interest that impacted the hyperreality phenomenon on social media. The actions of foodstagramming are now widely popular since more cafés and restaurants are built-in Surakarta. The technology advancement has changed the eating culture, which in the past, it see as a necessity fulfilment. Still, now it becomes the ‘mark’ of what to expose to the public through simulation in social media that eventually forms fake realities, as mentioned by Jean Baudrillard as hyperreality. This study used the qualitative approach and phenomenology method to dig out the motives behind the Surakarta people’s activities foodstagramming. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, and documentation from Instagram, news websites, and survey results about consumptive patterns and social media usage. The informant’s criteria were Instagram users, such as cafés and restaurant consumers, entrepreneurs, and the café or restaurant workers. The data analysis technique was an interactive model data analysis by Miles and Huberman. The result showed that ‘Makan Cantik’ and Foodstagramming were simulations that intentionally create to form a particular image to represent the social status and gain prestige. ‘Makan Cantik’ and Foodstagramming were called hyperreality in social media where fake realities were exposed to be more real than the truth itself.
Reclassification of High-Risk Pregnancy for Maternal-Fetal Healthcare Providers
Authors: Hwang Jong Yun
Published: May 2020

High-risk pregnancy is the probability of adverse pregnancy outcome is increased over the general pregnant population. Some high-risk pregnancy is the result of a medical condition present before pregnancy. In other cases, a medical condition that develops during pregnancy causes a pregnancy to become high risk. The reason why high-risk pregnancy is important is detecting the risk factors for high risk pregnancy early and preventing the complicated pregnancy. Korean society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (KSOG) announced the classification of high-risk pregnancy including 95 risk factors: obstetrics risk factors, medical risk factors, physical risk factors and risk factors of current pregnancy. However, this announcement of high-risk pregnancy by KSOG was limited for maternal-fetal healthcare providers to apply their working and making policy. First this didn't include the conception of the complicated pregnancy and high-risk delivery. Second this did not separate the risk factors depend on before and during pregnancy. This review briefly evaluates the classification of high-risk pregnancy by KSOG and suggest the new classification including the complicated pregnancy and high-risk delivery for maternal-fetal healthcare providers.
Growth and Nutritional Status of Children in North Korean Refugee Families
Authors: Choi Seong-Woo
Published: May 2020

Purpose: This study assessed the growth and nutritional status of children in North Korean (NK) refugee families.Methods: This study examined 301 children in NK refugee families. Their growth and nutritional status were estimated using the 2017 Korean National Growth Chart for Children and Adolescents. Stunting, being underweight, and wasting were defined as height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and weight-for-height (WHZ) z -scores < –2.0, respectively.Results: The overall prevalences of stunting, being underweight, and wasting were 7.6%, 5.6%, and 5.0%, respectively. In children living in South Korea for <5 years, the prevalences of stunting, being underweight, and wasting were 10.3%, 8.6%, and 3.4%, respectively, compared to 7.9%, 7.9%, and 0.0% for those living in South Korea for ≥5 years. The prevalences of WAZ and WHZ > 2.0 were 5.0% and 11.0%, respectively.Conclusion: Children in NK refugee families still suffer serious malnutrition after settling in South Korea, although being overweight is emerging as a new problem.
The Utility of Predicting Hospitalizations Among Patients With Heart Failure Using mHealth: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Cartledge Susie , Maddison Ralph , Vogrin Sara , Falls Roman , Tumur Odgerel , Hopper Ingrid , Neil Christopher
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Heart failure decompensation is a major driver of hospitalizations and represents a significant burden to the health care system. Identifying those at greatest risk of admission can allow for targeted interventions to reduce this risk.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to compare the predictive value of objective and subjective heart failure respiratory symptoms on imminent heart failure decompensation and subsequent hospitalization within a 30-day period.

METHODS

A prospective observational pilot study was conducted. People living at home with heart failure were recruited from a single-center heart failure outpatient clinic. Objective (blood pressure, heart rate, weight, B-type natriuretic peptide) and subjective (4 heart failure respiratory symptoms scored for severity on a 5-point Likert scale) data were collected twice weekly for a 30-day period.

RESULTS

A total of 29 participants (median age 79 years; 18/29, 62% men) completed the study. During the study period, 10 of the 29 participants (34%) were hospitalized as a result of heart failure. For objective data, only heart rate exhibited a between-group difference. However, it was nonsignificant for variability (P=.71). Subjective symptom scores provided better prediction. Specifically, the highest precision of heart failure hospitalization was observed when patients with heart failure experienced severe dyspnea, orthopnea, and bendopnea on any given day (area under the curve of 0.77; sensitivity of 83%; specificity of 73%).

CONCLUSIONS

The use of subjective respiratory symptom reporting on a 5-point Likert scale may facilitate a simple and low-cost method of predicting heart failure decompensation and imminent hospitalization. Serial collection of symptom data could be augmented using ecological momentary assessment of self-reported symptoms within a mobile health monitoring strategy for patients at high risk for heart failure decompensation.
Designing for the Human Experience in the Digital Mental Healthcare Ecosystem During COVID-19 (Preprint)
Authors: Fortuna Karen , Cosco Theodore , Inkster Becky , Myers Amanda , Saunders Catherine , Venegas Maria
Published: May 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Our manuscript discusses the importance of designing the digital mental healthcare ecosystem through the combinational approach of user-centered design and community engaged research. As the world is redesigning their mental health care due to COVID-19, this manuscript will offer a roadmap on how to use important elements of design to promote the highest levels of engagement with digital mental health services.
Prostanoid receptors (version 2019.5) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database
Authors: Breyer Richard M. , Clapp Lucie , Coleman Robert A. , Giembycz Mark , Heinemann Akos , Hills Rebecca , Jones Robert L. , Narumiya Shuh , Norel Xavier , Pettipher Roy , Sugimoto Yukihiko , Uddin Mohib , Woodward David F. , Yao Chengcan
Published: May 2020

Prostanoid receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Prostanoid Receptors [659]) are activated by the endogenous ligands prostaglandins PGD2, PGE1, PGE2 , PGF2α, PGH2, prostacyclin [PGI2] and thromboxane A2. Measurement of the potency of PGI2 and thromboxane A2 is hampered by their instability in physiological salt solution; they are often replaced by cicaprost and U46619, respectively, in receptor characterization studies.
Системы взвешивания в фармацевтической отрасли. Лабораторные весы Cubis II
Authors: Шварц Г.
Published: May 2020

Дано подробное описание готового модульного комплекса для взвешивания на базе лабораторных весов Cubis II и пакета приложений QApp компании Sartorius, который соответствует высоким стандартам фармацевтической отрасли по точности, надежности, воспроизводимости и безопасности. Особое внимание уделено вопросам оптимальной передачи, обработки, сохранения и защиты целостности данных в строгом соответствии с нормативными документами.
Un mapa de México en 100,000 millones de pixeles – generación de un mosaico nacional con imágenes RapidEye
Authors: Hruby Florian , Ascención Merino Margarita , Ressl Rainer
Published: May 2020

El presente artículo resume los pasos seguidos para la generación del primer mosaico nacional sin nubes y de alta resolución (5m). Se presentan tanto las dificultades de la producción de mosaicos en términos generales, como la metodología que hemos seguido para finalizar este proyecto con éxito. Los principales pasos son la preselección de datos de un acervo total de 50,000 imágenes RapidEye, la optimización de histogramas y de divisiones entre imágenes adyacentes y la fusión de 4,500 escenas para generar un mapa satelital del país entero. Discutimos también el pos-procesamiento para eliminar nubes y desaturar particularmente las regiones desérticas, lo cual constituye una diferencia respecto de propuestas alternativas. Adicionalmente, incluimos detalles acerca de la disponibilidad de los datos. Finalmente, cerramos el texto con posibles aplicaciones de una imagen satelital de México de aproximadamente 100,000 millones de pixeles.
Profesores universitarios y responsabilidad social de la ciencia
Authors: Hirsch Adler Ana
Published: May 2020

El propósito del artículo es dar cuenta de las principales funciones y actividades que llevan a cabo los profesores e investigadores de posgrado de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) con respecto a la responsabilidad social de la ciencia. Se trata de un campo temático significativo tanto para las instituciones de educación superior, como para la sociedad de la que forman parte, por las diversas articulaciones e impactos que se producen entre estas dos instancias. Lo que se presenta forma parte del Estudio sobre la Excelencia del Profesorado del Posgrado de la UNAM y se construye con base en dos fuentes de información: la revisión de documentos internacionales y la realización de entrevistas a 21 académicos universitarios. El trabajo destaca en que a pesar de las variadas tareas que llevan a cabo, que implican una fuerte dedicación, logran, desde sus propios campos de conocimiento, aportar elementos significativos a la sociedad, a través de conocimientos, programas, estrategias y soluciones a problemas relevantes.