bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling of Lung Cancer Therapy; Modelled And Real-World Impact of Targeted Therapy And Immunotherapy In The Netherlands
Authors: Mfumbilwa Zakile A. , Wilschut Janneke A. , Simons Martijn J.H.G. , Ramaekers Bram , Joore Manuela , Retel Valesca , Welle Christine M. Cramer-van der , Schramel Franz M.N.H. , de Garde Ewoudt M.W. van , Coupé Veerle M.H.
Published: February 2022

Recent discoveries in molecular diagnostics and lung cancer drugs have improved the treatment of patients with advanced (inoperable) non-squamous NSCLC from solely platinum based chemotherapy to more personalized treatment including targeted therapies and immunotherapies. However, these improvements come at considerable costs, highlighting the need to assess cost-effectiveness for optimization of lung cancer care. Traditionally, cost-effectiveness models built to evaluate new lung cancer treatments were based on randomized control trial (RCT) findings. The strict RCT inclusion criteria make RCT patients not representative of real-world patients: Patients in RCT have better prognosis compared to real-world patients. Therefore, in this study we have developed and validated a diagnosis-treatment decision model for patients with advanced (inoperable) non-squamous NSCLC based on real-world data in the Netherlands. The model is a patient-level microsimulation model implemented as discrete event simulation with five health events. Patients are simulated from diagnosis to death, including at most three treatment lines. The base-model (non-personalized strategy) was populated using real-world data of patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy between 2008 – 2014 in one of six Dutch’s teaching hospitals. To allow simulation of personalized care, molecular tumor characteristics were incorporated in the model based on the literature. The impact of novel targeted treatments and immunotherapies was included based on published RCTs. To validate the model, we compared survival under a personalized treatment strategy against observed real-world survival. This model can be used for health-care evaluation of personalized treatment for patients with advanced (inoperable) NSCLC in the Netherlands.
Allergological Study in Patients Vaccinated Against COVID-19 with Suspected Allergic Reactions
Authors: Cerdá Vicente Jover , Pacheco Ramón Rodríguez , Witek Joan Doménech , Hernández Sonia Alonso , García Rafael Durán , Panisello Marina Real , Calle Francisco Manuel Marco de la
Published: February 2022

Background

One of the main barriers to vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is the fear of developing hypersensitivity reactions to any of its components. Although these reactions are very rare, it is necessary to establish an effective protocol to detect patients at risk of developing them. The aim of this study was to evaluate hypersensitivity reactions in vaccinated patients in order to allow or not to complete the vaccination protocol.
Methods

Descriptive and cross-sectional study in which patients with suspected hypersensitivity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were evaluated. All patients underwent skin prick test (SPT) and/or intradermal test (IDT) with the vaccines and their excipients. In patients with positive IDT with the vaccine, a histopathological and immunohistochemical study was performed by skin biopsy. A basophil activation test (BAT) and a lymphoblastic transformation test (LTT) were also performed.
Results

Sixteen patients with suspected hypersensitivity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (12 received Comirnaty®, 3 received Vaxzevria®, and 1 received Spikevax®) were evaluated. Half had immediate hypersensitivity reactions and half had delayed reactions. All SPTs to excipients and vaccines were negative. IDTs with all excipients were negative. IDTs with vaccines were positive in 11 patients and negative in 5. The histological and immunohistochemical study of the two selected patients with positive IDT with vaccine showed T-lymphocyte involvement. BAT and LTT were negative in both cases. The vaccination protocol could be completed in 7 of 16 patients (44%) studied. The remaining 9 patients did not receive the second dose either because they already had the complete regimen or because they refused to be vaccinated.
Conclusions

Thanks to the allergological and immunohistochemical study, the vaccination protocol could be completed in about half of the patients who presented suspected hypersensitivity reactions to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. IDTs with vaccines could be a valuable method for assessing the immunogenicity of the vaccines.
Effects of Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation on Body Temperature, Hormone, and Cytokine Levels in Broilers Exposed To Acute Heat Stress
Authors: Li Qiufen , Zhou Hua , Ouyang Jingxin , Guo Shuaipeng , Zheng Jun , Li Guanhong
Published: February 2022

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of tryptophan supplementation on the rectal temperature, hormone, and cytokine levels in broilers subjected to acute heat stress. A total of 300 female Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allocated to five dietary treatment groups with 6 replicates per treatment group and 10 birds per replicate. Broilers raised under thermoneutral (TN) conditions (22 ± 1°C) were fed a basal diet, and other broilers exposed to acute heat stress (34 ± 1°C) for 24 h were fed basal diets supplemented with 0%, 0.09%, 0.18%, and 0.27% tryptophan. Results indicated that acute heat stress increased the rectal temperature (P < 0.05), enhanced the concentrations of corticosterone, dopamine, adrenaline, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and corticotropin-releasing hormone in serum (P < 0.05), and elevated the levels of serum tryptophan hydroxylase 1, tryptophan 2, 3-dioxygenase, and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase, and kynurenate (P < 0.05), as compared with the TN group. Meanwhile, acute heat stress increased the levels of serum tryptophan, hypothalamic tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan, and interleukin-22 (P < 0.05) relative to the TN group. However, dietary tryptophan supplementation decreased the rectal temperature, reduce the levels of hormones associated with heat stress, and promoted the immune functions of heat-stressed broilers. Moreover, dietary supplemented with 0.18% tryptophan was evaluated to be the optimal level in broilers reared under acute heat stress.
Adapting a Foggy Future along Trans-Arctic Shipping Routes
Authors: song Shutong , Chen Yue , Chen Xianyao , Chen Changshuo , Li King-Fai , Tung Ka-Kit , Shao Qiuli , Liu Yilin , Wang Xiaoyu , Yi Li , Zhao Jinping
Published: February 2022

Rapid retreat of Arctic sea ice extent in response to global climate warming expends the area of open ocean for new trans-Arctic shipping routes. Ship companies will benefit from the shortened sailing distance across the Arctic, but threats of intensified sea fog induced by the retreated sea ice, especially the potential risk of accidents due to low visibility, are not well considered when designing the trans-Arctic shipping routes. Here, we show that the sailing time along the previous suggested routes will increase nearly 10–30% caused by the impacts of sea fog. We further design a new route detouring to the low-fog-frequency area, based on the projected sea ice extent and the fog frequency in 21st century. The new route is 5–20% longer than the original one, but can save as much as 10% of total sailing time, and most importantly, will lower the risk of catastrophic accidents. Our estimates are similar in both RCP4.5 and 8.5 of CMIP5 simulations.
clicSAND for OSeMOSYS: a user-friendly interface using open-source optimisation software for energy system modelling analysis
Authors: Cannone Carla , Allington Lucy , de Wet Nicki , Shivakumar Abhishek , Goynes Philip , Valderrama Cesar , Kapor Vedran , Wright Jarrad , Yeganyan Rudolf , Tan Naomi , To Long Seng , Harrison John , Howells Mark
Published: February 2022

Energy models are crucial for helping governments and policymakers plan long-term investments in the energy transition context. One of the most established open-source optimisation models is OSeMOSYS—the Open-Source Energy Modelling System. This paper presents a new interface—clicSAND—for OSeMOSYS, which shortens the learning curve and supports beginner energy modellers to perform long-term investment analyses efficiently. The freely available and open-source clicSAND software consists of a user-friendly Excel interface for entering data, powerful solvers, and a dashboard for visualising results. The results, which extend to 2070, can inform policy decisions and mobilise financial resources for sustainable development measures—for example, ensuring affordable and secure energy supply and mitigating the effects of climate change. This paper describes clicSAND's main benefits, architecture, and functionalities. Furthermore, a South-African case study carried out by participants of the latest international capacity building event—the EMP-A (Energy Modelling Platform for Africa) 2021—shows the results achieved by inexperienced users following a three-week training course. Finally, current applications and future extensions of the software are also presented.
The carbon economics of vegetative phase change
Authors: Lawrence Erica , Springer Clint , Helliker Brent , Poethig Scott
Published: February 2022

Across plant species and biomes, a conserved set of leaf traits govern the economic strategy used to assimilate and invest carbon. As plants age, they face new challenges that may require shifts in this leaf economic strategy. In this study, we investigate the role of the developmental transition, vegetative phase change (VPC), in altering carbon economics as plants age. We used overexpression of miR156, the master regulator of VPC, to modulate the timing of VPC in Populus tremula x alba, Arabidopsis thaliana and Zea mays to understand the impact of this transition on leaf economic traits, including construction cost, payback time, and return on investment. Here we find that VPC causes a shift from a low-cost, quick return juvenile strategy to a high-cost, high-return adult strategy. The juvenile strategy is advantageous in light-limited conditions, whereas the adult strategy provides greater returns in high-light. The transition between these strategies is correlated with the developmental decline in the level of miR156, suggesting that is regulated by the miR156/SPL pathway. Our results provide an eco-physiological explanation for the existence of juvenile and adult leaf types, and suggest that natural selection for these alternative economic strategies could be an important factor in plant evolution.
Delineating potential sites for artificial groundwater recharge using a mathematical approach to remote sensing and GIS techniques
Authors: Ibrahim Majed , Shatnawi Amjed
Published: February 2022

The management of available groundwater resources is vital in arid and semi-arid regions. Artificial recharging should be integrated with groundwater resources to maintain long-term water sustainability. This study applied the cost-effective and time-saving techniques of remote sensing and GIS to delineate the groundwater recharge potential in the Al-Sarhan Basin, located in arid and semiarid regions of Jordan, by following the weighted linear combination method. The results revealed three distinct groundwater potential recharge zones (low, moderate, and high potential zones). High to moderate groundwater recharge potential zones occupied 75% of the Al-Sarhan area with considerable artificial recharge capacity because of the suitable geology, soil texture, drainage density, and flat terrain conditions. The maps produced also depicted that 25% of the Al-Sarhan area possesses low groundwater recharging potential. The model further revealed that 93% of the wells in the study area were located in potential groundwater recharge zones.
Activatable Small Molecule Probes for Photoacoustic Imaging: Dyes
and Applications
Authors: Merkes Jean Michel , Kiessling Fabian , Banala Srinivas
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a non-invasive modality for molecular imaging and on the way to become a routine clinical diagnostic tool. The advantage of PAI over many other currently used modalities is its ability to potentially image in vivo a variety of enzymatic and physiological processes as well as metabolites in real time at high tissue depths. For this purpose, photoacoustic signal generating chromophores, which have the ability to change their signal characteristics upon reaction to their environments or trapping reactive species, are important. This review article provides an overview of the concepts for activateable small molecule probes for photoacoustic imaging, highlights the requirements on structural and optical properties, and describes their responses to the selective triggers.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Current Situation of Female Hormonal Disorder
Authors: Chaturvedi Vikash , Sharma Disha , Pandey Vaishnavi , Mishra Sudhanshu , Shrivastava Shobhit Prakash , Sharma Akanksha , Malviya Rishabha
Published: February 2022

Aim:

This study aims to describe the various concerns and treatment strategies associated
with the polycystic ovarian syndrome. Polycystic syndrome of ovaries is the most prevalent
endocrine problem in adult women and is distinguished by anovulation, excess androgen, and the
involvement of ultrasound polycystic ovaries. Hirsutism, obesity, miscarriage, and menstrual irregularities
are the signs that are particularly troubling for patients. The hypothesis describes that
PCOS is a systemic disease reinforced by recent discoveries amplifying hormones and cytokines in
muscle mass tissue.

Result and discussion:

The treatment strategy should be adapted to the patient's phenotype,
problems, and willingness to replicate. Infertility care centers on treatments for activation of ovulation
and may include medications, such as metformin, letrozole, clomiphene, and gonadotropin.
The application of oral contraception and the adjuvant application of anti-androgens also includes
the management of hirsutism. For both treatments of infertility and long-term management, weight
loss in obese women with PCOS can be helpful.

Conclusion:

The literature survey concluded that the proper diagnosis and treatment of PCOS are
important; otherwise, it cannot be adequately controlled and can cause many metabolic disorders
and other health-related risks.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Survey Regarding High Alert Medication
Among Resident Doctors in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in
Eastern India
Authors: Chakraborty Dwaipayan Sarathi , Kar Bikashkali , Choudhury Shouvik , Ghosh Abhijnan , Samanta Kalyan , Hazra Avijit
Published: February 2022

Background:

Medication errors are a reality in all settings where medicines are prescribed,
dispensed, and used. High-alert medications (HAM) are those that bear a heightened risk
of causing significant harm to the patient if used erroneously. Though mishaps with HAM may not
be more common than with other drugs, the consequences of error with them can be especially serious.
We conducted a survey on knowledge, attitude, and practice, among residents working in a
teaching hospital to assess the ground situation regarding HAM awareness and handling.

Methods:

We approached 492 residents among the approximately 600 currently working through
purposive sampling. Residents in all disciplines (clinical, paraclinical, and preclinical) were targeted.
A structured questionnaire with 54 questions, pilot-tested on 20 volunteer residents, was used
for data collection. The questionnaire was administered to residents through face-to-face interviews
by two raters while they were on duty, but not during rush hours.

Results:

Of the total 261 responses received, 32.33% respondents correctly defined or explained
the meaning of the term ‘medication error’. Knowledge regarding the difference between medication
error and adverse events did not get reflected in 68.38% of the participants, and only 16.86%
were able to name the relevant group of medicines as HAM. Regarding attitude in dealing with
HAM, the majority believed that taking the history of drug allergy and reconciling all prescription
and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs already being used before prescribing or using medicine is important.
In practice, most respondents followed protocols but not routinely. Several potential errors
in practice were identified.

Conclusion:

The current situation requires corrective action. There is an urgent need for improving
awareness regarding HAM for the sake of patient safety. The pharmacology department can take
the lead in designing awareness campaigns with support from the hospital administration.
Identification of Different Profiles of Illness Perception in COPD Patients: Results of Cluster Analysis
Authors: Ovcharenko Svetlana , Galetskayte Yanina , Romanov Dmitry , Petelin Dmitry , Volel Beatrice
Published: February 2022

Background:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a widespread, late-diagnosed, and difficult-to-treat disease that influences the quality of life. Despite the availability of a wide range of drugs for the treatment of COPD, none of them provides a complete cure, while the leading risk factors (primarily, smoking) persist. In this regard, illness perception and medical behavior play a key role.

Methods:

The study design was cross-sectional and included 143 stable outpatients (107 men, mean age 66 ± 7.5, FEV1 51.5 ± 16.5%) who attended the faculty therapy clinic of Sechenov University. The patients were examined pulmonologically and psychiatrically (Hamilton depression and anxiety rating scales). Illness perception was assessed by a brief version of the Illness perception questionnaire (brief IPQ).

Results:

There were no significant demographic differences and differences in the clinical severity of the disease between the selected groups. Patients in the distressed group had a longer duration of illness, a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression, and more severe dyspnea after a 6-minute walk test. In contrast, patients in the disregarding group had a significantly higher prevalence of smokers and a higher number of cigarettes smoked daily, and a lower prevalence of anxiety and depression. The harmonic had the most optimal profile with low severity of anxiety and depression, but with a healthier attitude to smoking.

Conclusion:

Perception of illness in COPD patients has a significant impact on medical behavior and levels of anxiety and depression. As such, the perception of illness deserves routine monitoring in clinical practice.
Effect of Urogenital Infection Educational Program on Women Knowledge and Practices
Authors: Sayed Mervat A. , Fouad Amal L. , Belal Safia , Breboneria Benjamin Joel L. , Abobaker Randa M.
Published: February 2022

Background:

Urogenital infection is generally regarded as a silent epidemic. It is one of the major public health problems among women that causes a considerable proportion of gynecological morbidity and maternal mortality in developing countries.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of an educational program on women’s knowledge and practices about urogenital infection.

Methods:

A quasi-experimental research design was utilized in this study and was implemented at El Hadaka Maternity and Children’s Hospital (MCH) in Fayoum, Egypt. A purposive sample consisting of 50 women with ages ranging from 30 to 45 years old was considered for this study.

Two tools were used to conduct this study: a structured interview questionnaire consisting of the respondents’ demographic characteristics, knowledge, and practices regarding urogenital infection and a scale that aimed to assess their lifestyle.

Results:

The results revealed that 96% of the women have unsatisfactory knowledge about urogenital infection during the pre-intervention stage, 94% of them have satisfactory knowledge post-intervention, and 90% of them have satisfactory knowledge at follow-up, with a highly statistically significant difference at p-value < 0.01. The results also showed that 82% of the respondents have unsatisfactory practices at pre-intervention, 96% have satisfactory practices at post-intervention, and 98% of them have satisfactory practices at follow-up, with a highly statistically significant difference at p-value < 0.01.

Conclusion:

There was a significant improvement in women's knowledge and practices related to urogenital infection post-intervention and at follow-up with a p-value < 0.01. Likewise, a high positive correlation between total lifestyle, level of knowledge, and practices was noted during the pretest with a p-value < 0.01.

There is a need to provide different educational programs regarding knowledge and self-care practices for women with urogenital infection in different women's care settings.
Review on Plants with Traditional Uses and Bio-activity against Hair Graying
Authors: Arbab Ahmed H. , Zaroug Elwaleed E. , Mudawi Mahmoud M.E.
Published: February 2022

Hair graying occurs worldwide, and it has a high impact on an individual’s self-esteem. Hair graying is a melanogenesis disorder attributed to many factors, including age, oxidative stress, psychological stress, and malnutrition. Though there are effective p-phenylenediamine based hair dyes, they often cause allergy and systematic toxicity. Plants are a popular traditional remedy for the management of hair disorders. Due to their high chemical diversity, phytoproducts offer great promises to develop an effective and safe product to manage hair graying and melanogenesis disorders. The present article aims to review plants with traditional uses and bio-activity against hair graying. An extensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases using many combinations of the following keywords: plants used to treat gray hair, natural products, hair graying, melanogenesis, pigmentation, and tyrosinase activity. This review documented about sixty-one plants, including a summary of 47 plants frequently used in traditional medicine and a brief review of fourteen plants showing promising activity against hair graying. The active constituents and the mechanisms by which active constituents exert anti-hair graying effects were reviewed.
Digital Teaching in Medical Education: Scientific Literature Landscape Review
Authors: Yeung Andy Wai Kan , Parvanov Emil D , Hribersek Mojca , Eibensteiner Fabian , Klager Elisabeth , Kletecka-Pulker Maria , Rössler Bernhard , Schebesta Karl , Willschke Harald , Atanasov Atanas G , Schaden Eva
Published: February 2022

Background

Digital teaching in medical education has grown in popularity in the recent years. However, to the best of our knowledge, no bibliometric report to date has been published that analyzes this important literature set to reveal prevailing topics and trends and their impacts reflected in citation counts.

Objective

We used a bibliometric approach to unveil and evaluate the scientific literature on digital teaching research in medical education, demonstrating recurring research topics, productive authors, research organizations, countries, and journals. We further aimed to discuss some of the topics and findings reported by specific highly cited works.

Methods

The Web of Science electronic database was searched to identify relevant papers on digital teaching research in medical education. Basic bibliographic data were obtained by the “Analyze” and “Create Citation Report” functions of the database. Complete bibliographic data were exported to VOSviewer for further analyses. Visualization maps were generated to display the recurring author keywords and terms mentioned in the titles and abstracts of the publications.

Results

The analysis was based on data from 3978 papers that were identified. The literature received worldwide contributions with the most productive countries being the United States and United Kingdom. Reviews were significantly more cited, but the citations between open access vs non–open access papers did not significantly differ. Some themes were cited more often, reflected by terms such as virtual reality, innovation, trial, effectiveness, and anatomy. Different aspects in medical education were experimented for digital teaching, such as gross anatomy education, histology, complementary medicine, medicinal chemistry, and basic life support. Some studies have shown that digital teaching could increase learning satisfaction, knowledge gain, and even cost-effectiveness. More studies were conducted on trainees than on undergraduate students.

Conclusions

Digital teaching in medical education is expected to flourish in the future, especially during this era of COVID-19 pandemic.
Stakeholder Perspectives on Clinical Decision Support Tools to Inform Clinical Artificial Intelligence Implementation: Protocol for a Framework Synthesis for Qualitative Evidence
Authors: Al-Zubaidy Mohaimen , Hogg HD Jeffry , Maniatopoulos Gregory , Talks James , Teare Marion Dawn , Keane Pearse A , R Beyer Fiona
Published: February 2022

Background

Quantitative systematic reviews have identified clinical artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled tools with adequate performance for real-world implementation. To our knowledge, no published report or protocol synthesizes the full breadth of stakeholder perspectives. The absence of such a rigorous foundation perpetuates the “AI chasm,” which continues to delay patient benefit.

Objective

The aim of this research is to synthesize stakeholder perspectives of computerized clinical decision support tools in any health care setting. Synthesized findings will inform future research and the implementation of AI into health care services.

Methods

The search strategy will use MEDLINE (Ovid), Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCO), ACM Digital Library, and Science Citation Index (Web of Science). Following deduplication, title, abstract, and full text screening will be performed by 2 independent reviewers with a third topic expert arbitrating. The quality of included studies will be appraised to support interpretation. Best-fit framework synthesis will be performed, with line-by-line coding completed by 2 independent reviewers. Where appropriate, these findings will be assigned to 1 of 22 a priori themes defined by the Nonadoption, Abandonment, Scale-up, Spread, and Sustainability framework. New domains will be inductively generated for outlying findings. The placement of findings within themes will be reviewed iteratively by a study advisory group including patient and lay representatives.

Results

Study registration was obtained from PROSPERO (CRD42021256005) in May 2021. Final searches were executed in April, and screening is ongoing at the time of writing. Full text data analysis is due to be completed in October 2021. We anticipate that the study will be submitted for open-access publication in late 2021.

Conclusions

This paper describes the protocol for a qualitative evidence synthesis aiming to define barriers and facilitators to the implementation of computerized clinical decision support tools from all relevant stakeholders. The results of this study are intended to expedite the delivery of patient benefit from AI-enabled clinical tools.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42021256005; https://tinyurl.com/r4x3thvp

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/33145
Developing population health surveillance using mHealth in low-resource settings: A formative study focusing on rural Myanmar (Preprint)
Authors: Benda Natalie C , Zawtha Sakie , Anderson Kyrie , Sharma Mohit Manoj , Lin Phoebe , Zawtha Beichotha , Masterson Creber Ruth M
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

To develop an mHealth-based population health surveillance tool in an extremely rural, low-resource setting with minimal cellular infrastructure in Western Myanmar.

OBJECTIVE

To develop a mHealth-based tool for conducting population health surveillance in an extremely rural, low-resource setting in Western Myanmar.

METHODS

We employed an iterative design process to develop an mHealth-based population health surveillance tool for collecting census-related information. We conducted interviews with international consultants (nurse midwives) and local clinicians (nurses and physicians) in Myanmar. Our analytic approach was informed by the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS), work systems model to capture the multi-level user needs for developing health interventions, which was used to create a prototype data collection tool that was pilot tested in 33 villages to establish initial proof of concept.

RESULTS

We conducted 7 interviews with 5 participants who provided feedback regarding the core domains of the work system, including: environmental, organizational, sociocultural, technological, informational, task, and people-based considerations for adapting a mHealth data collection application. The mHealth tool was piloted in 33 villages, including census data from 11,945 people, for an initial proof of concept. Key considerations determined from the interviews involved: the need to devise strategies for dealing with the remote, mountainous physical environment; providing security-related features if phones were lost/stolen/confiscated; designing a simple form usable across multiple languages; designing for comprehension in a setting with low literacy levels; conveying the larger purpose of the data collection to community health workers and local people providing the health data to promote buy-in.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings related to key design considerations using a work systems lens may be informative to others developing technology-based solutions in extremely low resource settings. Future work will involve collecting additional health related data and evaluating the quality of the data collected. Our team established initial proof of concept for using a mHealth tool to collect census-related information in a low resource, extremely rural, low literacy environment.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
Perceived Workload Using Separate (FFP2 Respirator and Face Shield) and Integrated (Powered Air Purifying Respirator) Personal Protective Equipment for Respiratory Protection: Human Factors Randomized Cross-over Feasibility Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Price Amy , Chu Larry , Lin Ling Ying , Levin Anna S. , Tumetto Fabio , Maximiano Antunes de Almeida Rodrigo , Paula Siqueira Silva de Almeida Ana , Ciofi-Silva Caroline , Fontana. Luca , Albertina de Oliveira Naila , Parisi Nicola , Mainardi Giulia M , Cordeiro Luciana , Roselli Marco , Shepherd Paul , Morelli Luana , Mehrabi Najmeh , Price Kathleen , Chan Whitney , Srinivas Shrinidhy , Chu May , Padoveze Maria Clara
Published: February 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Introduction
The design of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) may affect well-being and clinical work. PPE as an integrated item may improve usability and increase adherence by health workers (HW) and reduce occupational-acquired diseases. As integrated PPE, a lightweight battery-powered air-purifying respirator (L-PAPR) could be used during health procedures where HWs are exposed to airborne pathogens. The human factors affecting implementation of alternative PPE such as L-PAPR have not been thoroughly studied.

Research Question

Under which conditions and testing by human factors are NIOSH Standards compliant PAPRs and Light PAPRs superior to a NIOSH certified N95 Respirator and Face shield in clinical care. The population is healthcare professionals, the intervention is task type, the comparators are N95 and Face Shield, Traditional PAPR and Light PAPR. The outcomes are user-error, communications, safety and end-user preferences

Type of study and main methods

This is an interventional randomized crossover quality improvement feasibility study consisting of a 3 site simulation study (Phase 1; 10 participants each site) and 2 site field testing (Phase 2; 30 participants each site). The following aspects are evaluated comparing L-PAPR (integrated PPE), the traditional PAPR and N95 and Face shield: perceived workload, usability, usage errors, and heart rate. Interviews to identify barriers and enablers to implementation, and effective training will be conducted.
Shakespeare and Company Project Data Sets
Authors: Kotin Joshua , Koeser Rebecca Sutton
Published: February 2022

This article describes three data sets from the Shakespeare and Company Project. The data sets provide information about Shakespeare and Company, Sylvia Beach’s bookshop and lending library in interwar Paris. The first data set focuses on the members of the lending library. The second, on the books that circulated in the lending library. The third, on the events—borrows, purchases, subscriptions, renewals, deposits, reimbursements—that connected members and books. Together, the three data sets promise to address and bridge concerns in modernist studies, the digital humanities, and the public humanities. Work on the data sets began in 2014. The first two versions of the data sets were released in 2020 and 2021, respectively. The current version, 1.2, was released in 2022. Over forty people have contributed to the data sets.
A Survey and Feasibility Research Study on Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP)
Authors: Madan Ashok Kumar , Krishna Kunal , Kumar Bipul
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP) is the use of computer system to help and guide process planners in planning and executing different functions. It has emerged as one of the crucial links between integration of Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM). In this paper, an attempt is made to provide a complete survey of CAPP based on different methodology namely, features and solid model, neural networks, optimization, fuzzy logic, knowledge based, web based, hybrid manufacturing, artificial intelligence, virtual, (STEP)-compliant method. The aim of this paper is to provide an update, in and after year 2000, in field of CAPP systems using survey and representing graphically for easy understanding Keywords: CAPP, CAD, CAM, Methodology, Variant, Generative.
Resume Classification System using Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning Techniques
Authors:   Center of Excellence for Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Blockchain, Department of Computer Science, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur-65200, Sindh Pakistan., Ali Irfan , Mughal Nimra ,   Center of Excellence for Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Blockchain, Department of Computer Science, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur-65200, Sindh Pakistan., Khan Zahid Hussain ,   Center of Excellence for Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Blockchain, Department of Computer Science, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur-65200, Sindh Pakistan., Ahmed Javed ,   Center of Excellence for Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Blockchain, Department of Computer Science, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur-65200, Sindh Pakistan., Mujtaba Ghulam ,   Center of Excellence for Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Blockchain, Department of Computer Science, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur-65200, Sindh Pakistan.
Published: February 2022

The selection of a suitable job applicant from the pool of thousands applications is often daunting job for an employer. The categorization of job applications submitted in form of Resumes against available vacancy(s) takes significant time and efforts of an employer. Thus, Resume Classification System (RCS) using the Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques could automate this tedious process. Moreover, the automation of this process can significantly expedite and transparent the applicants’ screening process with mere human involvement. This experimental study presents an automated NLP and ML-based RCS that classifies the Resumes according to job categories with performance guarantees. This study employs various ML algorithms and NLP techniques to measure the accuracy of RCS and proposes a solution with better accuracy and reliability in different settings. To demonstrate the significance of NLP and ML techniques for RCS, the extracted features were evaluated on nine ML classification models namely Support Vector Machine - SVM (Linear, SGD, SVC and NuSVC), Naïve Bayes (Bernoulli, Multinomial & Gaussian), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Logistic Regression (LR). The Term-Frequency-Inverse-Document-Frequency (TF-IDF) feature representation scheme was proved suitable for RCS. The developed models were evaluated using the Confusion Matrix, F-Score, Recall, Precision, and overall Accuracy. The experimental results indicate that using the One-Vs-Rest-Classification strategy for this multi-class Resume classification task, the SVM class of Machine Learning classifiers performed better on the study dataset of over nine hundred sixty plus parsed resumes with more than 96% accuracy. The promising results suggest that NLP and ML techniques employed in this study could be used for developing an efficient RCS.
Association between Objectively Measured Neighbourhood Built Environment and Walkability
Authors:   Department of Architecture, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan., Qureshi Sabeen , Memon Irfan Ahmed ,   Department of City and Regional Planning, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan., Talpur Mir Aftab Hussain ,   Department of City and Regional Planning, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
Published: February 2022

Some previous studies show that the majority of the urban planners and urban designers uses subjective measures to assess built environment attributes and neighbourhood walkability in Malaysia. However, those were using objective measures just evaluating one or two attributes of the built environment. Hence this paper focuses on objective measures of several built environment attributes that influence walkability. The paper links various objective measures of attributes of the built environment that influence walkability with objectively measured walkability. For this study data was obtained from Putrajaya review of the master plan and geographical information system data and walking distance obtained from the pedometer. The pedometers were deployed for 7-days period to capture an objective level of walkability. To achieve this study objective, a case study was conducted on three different residential precincts of Putrajaya, Malaysia and a randomly selected sample of 134 respondents from each of these three precincts was collected. To measure built environment attributes objectively, indices were used for quantifying compactness, diversity, accessibility and connectivity. The results indicate that overall indices values of Precinct 18 are high compared to precinct 9 and 8. The daily distance measured by pedometer is also high for Precinct 18. Findings of this study recommend that it is practicable for the urban designers and urban planners to employ these two objective methods. As in this study built environment index results correspond with pedometer recorded distance hence it is concluded that GIS data also has the potential to be used to construct measures of built environment attributes and to develop indices of walkability on neighbourhood scale both in Malaysia as well as in Pakistan.
EModul Interaktif Muatan IPA Pada Sub Tema 1 Tema 5
Authors: Komang Wiratama Ngurah , Gede Margunayasa I
Published: February 2022

Siswa seringkali mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami suatu topik bahasan akibatnya pembelajaran menjadi kurang efektif. Oleh sebab itu, perlu adanya pembaharuan dalam pembelajaran seperti E-modul interaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan E-Modul interaktif muatan IPA pada sub tema 1 tema yang teruji validitasnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE dengan tatanan analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 2 dosen ahli materi, 2 dosen ahli media dan 2 guru ahli praktisi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode kuisioner dengan menggunakan instrumen rating scale yang berupa lembar penilaian para ahli. Data yang diproleh dari hasil uji validitas kemudian diolah menggunakan rumus mean untuk mengetahui hasil rata-rata skor validitas. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata skor dari ahli materi 4.41, dari ahli media 4.73, dan dari praktisi 4.96. Hasil tersebut menunjukan e-modul interaktif yang dikembangkan termasuk dalam kualifikasi sangat baik. Dengan demikian maka E-Modul Interaktif muatan IPA pada sub tema 1 tema 5 kelas V SD dinyatakan valid dan dapat digunakan didalam proses pembelajaran di kelas V SD khususnya materi ekosistem.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Scrapbook Dongeng Fabel Terhadap Minat Literasi siswa SD
Authors: Dwi Cahyani Inggrid , Nulhakim Lukman , Yuliana Rina
Published: February 2022

Literasi sangat perlu dikembangkan sejak siswa masih berada pada jenjang pendidikan dasar, apalabi saat ini kemapuan literasi siswa SD sangat lemah yang menuntut guru harus mampu membelajarakan siswa dengan dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Scrapbook Dongeng Fabel. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah R&D (Research and Development) dengan desain penelitian milik Borg dan Gall yang dimodifikasi oleh Sugiyono. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 11 Orang siswa SD, ahli materi, ahli media dan ahli praktisi. Metode pengumpulan data yang diagunkan adaalah angket. Hasil penelitian ini adalah media pembelajaran Scrapbook dongeng fabel terhadap minat literasi baca tulis siswa SD. Berdasarkan hasil uji kelayakan terhadap ahli media diperoleh kriteria sangat layak dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 84,5%. Hasil validasi oleh ahli materi memperoleh kriteria sangat layak dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 84%. Hasil validasi oleh ahli bahasa memperoleh kriteria layak dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 74,15%. Adapun hasil angket respons siswa pada uji coba terbatas memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 93,3% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, media Scrapbook Dongeng Fabel dinyatakan layak untuk digunakan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran siswa kelas II SD.
Effect of Plant Density and Nutrient Management on Yield and Economics of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids
Authors:   AICRP on Maize, Directorate of Research, BCKV, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal (741 235), India, Biswas S. , Debnath S. ,   AICRP on Maize, Directorate of Research, BCKV, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal (741 235), India, Saha A. ,   College of Agriculture, Lembucherra, West Tripura, Tripura (799 210), India
Published: February 2022

The field experiments wereconducted during kharif season (June to October)of both 2016 and 2017 to determine the effect of plant density and nutrient management on yield and economics of maize hybrids at Kalyani AB Block seed farm situated atLatitude 22o57/ N,Longitude 88o20/ E, West Bengal, India.The experiments were arranged at split-split plot design with three replication, two maize hybrids (Pioneer 3077 and Kaveri 50) were in main plot, two plant density (60×20 cm2 and 50×20 cm2) were in sub plot and three nutrient levels (Recommended Dose of Fertilizer i.e. 120:60:60 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1, Soil test crop response i.e. 170:60:68 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1 and Site Specific nutrient management i.e. 130:44:66N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1 ) were in sub-sub plot. Result indicated that maize hybrid pioneer 3077 recorded higher grain yield, stover yield and net return and B:C ratio of maize than other hybrid. Higher plant density 50×20 cm2 produced significantly higher yield and economics of maize than lower plant density. Among the nutrient management, Soil Test Crop Response (STCR) was found significantly superior than others and recorded highest grain yield, stover yield and economics of maize. Soil Test Crop Response based nutrient management increased in grain yield was 24.26% over Recommended Dose of Fertilizer (RDF) and 12.29% over Site Specific nutrient management (SSNM).
Diversity analysis of BmNPV Isolates Infecting Mulberry Silkworm (Bombyx mori) using Restriction Endonuclease Digestion Profiling
Authors:   Dept. of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore (560 065), India, Nagesha N. , Natesh J. ,   Dept. of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore (560 065), India, Meenakshi N. H. ,   Dept. of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore (560 065), India, Peter Anitha ,   Dept. of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore (560 065), India, Venkataravanappa V. ,   Dept. Plant Pathology, ICAR Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Chettalli, Kodagu, Karnataka (571 248), India
Published: February 2022

Understanding the genetic diversity of BmNPV isolates causing grasserie viral disease of mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori L. is essential for adoption of management strategies including biotechnological tools. The present study was aimed at the use of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) profiling for studying the molecular diversity analysis of six BmNPV isolates collected from Devanahalli, Kolar, Shidlaghatta, Hosakote, Tumakuru, and Ramanagara areas in Karnataka, India (BmNPV-Ko, BmNPV-Ho, BmNPV-SG, BmNPV-DH, BmNPV-TM, BmNPV-Ram respectively). DNA was extracted from each of these isolates and subjected to digestion with different restriction enzymes EcoR1, BamH1, Sma1, Nco1, and a combination of BamH1+Nco1 and electrophoresed in 0.8% w/v agarose gel to visualize restriction enzyme profile. The analysis revealed that all the six BmNPV isolates had similar Nco1 and Sma1 restriction patterns, although there was variation in low molecular weight fragments. The EcoR1 and BamH1 restriction patterns were nearly the same for all the isolates except for the presence of an approximately 4kb and an additional 1.5kb polymorphic band only in BmNPV-TM and BmNPV-Ram isolates. BamH1+Nco1 digestion of the DNA from each isolate yielded numerous fragments, which was different in BmNPV-Ram isolate. Molecular diversity analysis can helps in understanding the evolution and phylogeny of the virus, enhance the knowledge on its pathogenicity and can help to develop and adopt suitable measures to combat and diagnose the disease to reduce crop loss and increase income generating ability of the farmer.