bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkiye’de Sığır Yetiştiricilerinin Irk Tercihleri ve Nedenleri
Authors: ŞAHİN Onur , KAYGISIZ Ali , YILMAZ İsa
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışma, yetiştirici görüşleri doğrultusunda sığır ırklarının tercihi ve nedenlerinin tespit edilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada anket sayısı basit Tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi ile 487 kişi olarak belirlenmiştir. Yetiştiricilerin cevap verdikleri her soru kategorisine ait tanımlayıcı istatistiki değerler, IBM SPSS 20.0 paket programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Yetiştiricilerin Irk tercihinde %31.2 ile Simental ırkı ilk sırayı almıştır. Bu ırkı, %27.9 ile Holstein Friesian ırkı (Siyah Alaca) ve %14.8 ile Brown Swiss (Esmer) ırkı izlemiştir. Diğer ırkların tercih edilme oranı ise %26.1 olmuştur. Yetiştiricilerin ırk tercihinde etkili nedenlerin arasında süt verimi ilk sırayı (%18.9) almıştır. Bu tercih nedenini tercih oranı birbirine eşit olan süt yağı verimi, döl verimi ve satış kabiliyetinin (sırasıyla %11.9, %11.9 ve %11.3) izlemiştir. Hayvan başına karkas verimi ise ırk tercih nedenleri sıralamasında 3. sırada (%10.2) yer almıştır. Yetiştiricilerin %46.0’sı yetiştireceği ırkı tercih ederken; ayak-tırnak sağlamlığı, kolay bakım, meme hastalıklarına dayanıklılık, mizaç, süt proteini ve ırka duyulan sempatinin etkili olduğunu bildirmişlerdir. Sonuç olarak, yetiştiricilerin sığır genotipi tercihinde önceliği kombine ırklara (Simental, Brown Swiss) verdiği, kültür ırklarını tercih etmedeki eğilimin yetiştirici yaşının ilerlemesine bağlı olarak arttığı belirlenmiştir. Irk tercihinde öncelik Simental ırkına ait olup, bu ırkı Holstein Friesian ve Brown Swiss ırkları izlemektedir. Irk tercihinde en önemli nedenin yüksek süt veriminin olduğu belirlenmiş olup, bunu yüksek döl verimi (yavru verimi), pazarlanmandaki kolaylık ve yüksek süt yağı oranı izlemektedir. Son yıllarda artan küresel ısınmaya bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan kuraklığın yakın gelecekte ırk tercihini önemli ölçüde etkileyeceği tahmin edilmektedir. Bu nedenle sıcaklık toleransı yüksek ve hastalıklarına karşı dirençli ırkların elde edilmesi için ıslah çalışmalarına hız verilmesi tavsiye edilmektedir.
Yozgat ili Buğday Alanlarında Ekin saparısı, [Cephus pygmeus L. (Hymenoptera: Cephidae)] Larva Bulaşıklığı ile Bazı Buğday Çeşitlerindeki Zararı
Authors: İNCE Hasan , CANHİLAL Ramazan , MUTLU Çetin
Published: April 2022

Avrupa ekin saparısı olarak bilinen Cephus pygmeus L. (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) ülkemizde buğday alanlarında sık görülmeye başlanan önemli zararlılardan biridir. Bu çalışma, Yozgat ili ve ilçelerindeki buğday alanlarında ekin saparısı C. pygmeus)’un larva bulaşıklık oranları ile bazı buğday çeşitlerindeki zarar durumu ve ürün kayıplarının belirlenmesi amacıyla 2020 yılında yürütülmüştür. Larva bulaşıklık oranları, toplam 36 buğday tarlasından alınan buğday saplarının incelenmesi ile (her bir tarla için 1/4 m²’lik çerçeve ile 2 m²’lik alan) belirlenmiştir. Bazı buğday çeşitlerinde Ekin saparılarından kaynaklanan zarar durumu 16 farklı çeşitte ürün kayıpları ise iki ekmeklik (Ekiz, Esperia) ve makarnalık (Eminbey, Kızıltan-91) buğday çeşidinde yürütülmüştür. Ekin saparısı larva bulaşıklık oranları ilçelere göre değişmekle beraber, en yüksek bulaşıklık %25.6 ile Saraykent ilçesinde, en düşük ise Şefaatli ilçesinde %1.2 olarak belirlenmiştir. Zararlının başak boyu, başaktaki tane sayısı ve tane ağırlıkları üzerindeki etkisi çeşitlere ve larva bulaşıklık oranlarına göre değişiklik göstermiştir. Tanelerdeki ağırlık azalmalarından doğan ürün kayıpları %0.2 (Esperia çeşidi) ile 5.9 (Ekiz çeşidi) arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Bulaşık sap oranları, tanelerdeki ağırlık azalmaları dikkate alınarak ekin saparısından kaynaklı ürün kayıplarının ortalama %1.5 dolaylarında olduğu ve ekomik bir kaybın çok fazla söz konusu olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ancak yüksek larva yoğunluğu belirlenen alanlarda mayıs ayından itibaren periyodik surveylerle zararlının populasyon yoğunluğu gözlem altında tutulması uygun olacaktır.
Akkeçi Dişi Oğlaklarının Erken Damızlıkta Kullanılma Olanakları
Authors: COŞKUN Füsun , ERTUĞRUL Mehmet
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışma ile Akkeçi (Saanen x Kilis (G1)) dişi oğlaklarının erken damızlıkta kullanılma olanakları araştırılmıştır. Bu maksatla 7-8 aylık yaşta 21 baş oğlak, 17 baş çebiç ve 2-5 yaş arası 24 baş anaç keçi kullanılmıştır. Aşım döneminde özel bir yemleme programı uygulanmamıştır. Kızgınlıkların başlangıcı bakımından oğlak, çebiç ve keçi grupları arasında istatistik olarak önemli bir fark bulunmamıştır. Gebelik başına aşım sayısı oğlaklarda 1.13, çebiç ve keçilerde 1.00 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Doğuran keçi başına doğan oğlak sayısı (batın genişliği: doğan oğlak doğuran keçi-1) oğlak, çebiç ve keçilerde sırasıyla 1.13, 1.31 ve 1.46; tekealtı keçi başına doğan oğlak sayısı (fekondite: doğan oğlak teke altı keçi-1) 0.89, 1.23 ve 1.46 olarak belirlenmiştir. Gebelik süreleri bakımından oğlak ve keçi grupları arasındaki fark önemli bulunmamış iken gebelik oranı, oğlaklama oranı, ikizlik oranı ve kısırlık oranı bakımından oğlak ve çebiç grupları arasındaki fark istatistik olarak önemli bulunmamıştır. Aşımda ve doğumda anaların ağırlıkları arasındaki fark istatistik olarak önemli (P<0.01) olmasına karşın döllerinin doğum ağırlıkları ve doğumdan sonraki ilk üç gün içinde meydana gelen yavru kayıp oranları arasındaki fark önemsizdir. Bu bilgilerin ışığında döl verim parametreleri baz alındığında Akkeçilerin erken damızlıkta kullanılmasında bir sakınca olmadığı söylenebilir. Ancak damızlık ömrü ve gelecekteki verimlere etkilerinin araştırılması faydalı olacaktır.
Despre condiţia încălcării legii în cazul infracţiunii de abuz în serviciu
Authors: Resmeriță Clement Mihai
Published: April 2022

Prezentul studiu îşi propune să analizeze noua configuraţie a infracţiunii de abuz în serviciu prin raportare la condiţia încălcării legii de către subiectul activ.

Sunt analizate astfel ipoteze de încălcare a legii precum şi mecanismul prin care se constată că s-a încălcat legea în raport de atribuţiile funcţionarilor.

Totodată, studiul prezintă şi modul cum s-a reflectat în practica judiciară decizia Curţii Constituţionale nr. 405/2016, care a schimbat configuraţia infracţiunii de abuz în serviciu.
The use of pregabalin in a patient with chronic neuropathic pain after oncological surgery – a case report
Authors: Kocot-Kępska Magdalena
Published: April 2022

Chronic postsurgical pain is a frequent iatrogenic complication and the consequence of surgical treatment of neoplastic disease. The risk of developing chronic postsurgical pain depends on the type of surgery, its extent, but also on the patients’ factors. Neuropathic pain may occur in 50% of patients with chronic postsurgical pain and can only be treated symptomatically, both with pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacological methods. The recommended drugs are antiepileptic drugs, antidepressants, opioid analgesics and topical drugs. These drugs have proven their effectiveness in the population of patients with neuropathic pain unrelated to cancer treatment, but there are still no high-quality studies assessing their effectiveness in patients with chronic postsurgical pain resulting from oncological surgery. Studies in small groups of patients available in the literature confirm the effectiveness of antiepileptic and antidepressant drugs in this group of patients, what is observed in clinical practice as well. The article presents a case of a patient with severe neuropathic pain in the course of chronic postsurgical pain who was successfully treated with pregabalin in combination with tramadol and paracetamol.
Impact of COVID-19 on gastrointestinal tract – 2 years after the pandemic outbreak
Authors: Radwan Karolina , Radwan Piotr
Published: April 2022

SARS-CoV-2 infections are often manifested with gastrointestinal symptoms, which poses a major therapeutic challenge for the clinicians. After more than 2 years of experience with the pandemic, it is also well known that after resolution of symptoms and eradication of the virus, the risk of developing the post-COVID syndrome, of which functional gastrointestinal disorders may be the predominant component, increases significantly. There is also a clear trend toward significant exacerbation of symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia diagnosed in the pre-pandemic period. An important part of outpatient care is telemedicine oriented toward a reliable medical history taking into account possible alarming symptoms. Medications with proven efficacy and a high safety profile, including spasmolytics and prokinetics, are recommended for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders in the pandemic era.
The use of the elderberry extracts in the treatment of the respiratory infections
Authors: Maruszczak Paulina , Woźniak Kamila , Woźniak Mariusz , Doniec Zbigniew
Published: April 2022

Elderberry is a herbal medicine used as a complementary treatment in many disorders, especially in the upper respiratory tract infections. Elderberry fruits extracts reduce the severity and duration of the respiratory symptoms, they also inhibit the growth of some viruses and bacteria.
Computed tomographic assessment of principal bronchial anatomy in dogs of various thoracic conformations: 93 cases (2012–2017)
Authors: Côté Etienne , Weisse Chick , Lamb Kenneth , Tozier Erik
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE

To better understand spatial relationships between principal bronchi and other intrathoracic structures by use of CT images of dogs of various somatotypes.

ANIMALS

93 dogs that underwent thoracic CT.

PROCEDURES

Information was collected from medical records regarding signalment and physical examination and echocardiographic findings. Two investigators recorded multiple measurements on a thoracic axial CT image from each dog.

RESULTS

Thoracic height-to-width ratio (H:W) was associated with left principal bronchus (LPB) and right principal bronchus (RPB) H:W, aortic-LPB separation, focal LPB narrowing, and aortic-vertebral overlap. Thoracic H:W was not associated with dog age, weight, sex, or brachycephalic breed. Twenty-five (27%) dogs had focal LPB narrowing, compared with 5 (5%) dogs with focal RPB narrowing (P < 0.001). Ten of 25 dogs had overlap or contact between vertebrae, aorta, LPB, and heart, suggesting a cumulative compressive effect on the LPB, while 15 had LPB-aorta contact and lack of contact between the aorta and thoracic vertebrae, suggesting an aortic constrictive effect on the LPB. None had LPB narrowing without contact from surrounding structures. Inter-rater agreement was high.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

In dogs that underwent CT and were not selected for clinical suspicion of bronchial disease, principal bronchial morphology was associated with thoracic conformation. Focal LPB narrowing occurred more often than RPB narrowing. Focal LPB narrowing occurred with evidence of extraluminal compression, with or without contact between aorta and vertebrae. Brachycephalic breed could not be used for predicting thoracic H:W.
Evaluating third- and fourth-year veterinary students’ communication skills knowledge and performance at Colorado State University
Authors: Janke Natasha , Shaw Jane R. , Coe Jason B.
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE

To assess the impact of a communication program on a cohort of veterinary students’ knowledge and performance of communication skills.

SAMPLE

Class cohort of veterinary students at Colorado State University.

PROCEDURES

Year 3 students’ knowledge of communication skills was evaluated using quizzes, administered before and after the fall 2016 and spring 2017 Clinical Communication Skills-I and II junior practicum. In year 4, student performance of 22 Calgary-Cambridge Guide communication skills was assessed by coding video-recordings of student-client interactions collected during their second and fourth weeks of the Community Practice rotation in the summer and fall of 2017 and spring of 2018. The impact of training, association with demographic factors, and correlation between knowledge and performance of communication skills were investigated.

RESULTS

In year 3, 136 students completed both fall and spring quizzes; in year 4, 65 week-2 and 29 week-4 appointments were video-recorded during Community Practice rotation. Students’ knowledge assessed via quizzes containing skill spotting and skill demonstrating questions increased significantly after the fall and spring junior practicums; however, knowledge of communication skills was not associated with performance during year 4 Community Practice rotations. Communication skills most frequently demonstrated by students during the fourth year Community Practice rotation were open-ended questions, closed-ended questions, empathy toward the client and patient, providing “chunks” of information, and signposting. Students received high quality scores for non-verbal behaviors and logical clinical interview structure.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggest that experiential learning techniques, including a flipped classroom approach, role-play, and communication laboratories contributed to increased student knowledge of communication skills.
Synthesis and characterization of poly(ε-caprolactone) tetra-arm star polymer using tetra terminal alkynyl-substituted phthalocyanine by the combination of ring-opening polymerization and “click” chemistry
Authors: Savaş Bedrettin , Meyvaci Ergül , Öztürk Temel , Ağirtaş Mehmet Salih
Published: April 2022

The synthesis of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) tetra-arm star polymer was carried out using “click” chemistry and ring-opening polymerization techniques. For this purpose, poly(ε-caprolactone) azido (PCL-N3) was acquired using ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone and 2-[2-(2-azidoethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol (N3ol). N3ol was obtained using sodium azide and 2-[2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol. 4-(prop-2-ynyloxy)-phthalonitrile was obtained by using 4-nitrophthalonitrile and propargyl alcohol. 2(3),9(10),16(17),23(24) Tetrakis-[(prop-2-ynyloxy)-phthalocyaninato]zinc(II) (Pc-propargyl) was synthesized by using 4-(prop-2-ynyloxy)-phthalonitrile and a metal salt. By reacting Pc-propargyl and PCL-N3, PCL tetra-arm star polymer was obtained by “click” chemistry. The products were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography instruments. The spectroscopic analyses of PCL tetra-arm star polymer prove that the star polymer was built through the combination of ROP and “click” chemistry. We provided a protocol for PCL tetra-arm star polymer, and a statement of reproducibility with respect to the properties of this tetra-arm star polymer. This study is an example of a novel type of combination reaction, from ring-opening polymerization to “click” chemistry using phthalocyanine. This can open the door for diverse tetra-arm star polymer synthesis that could potentially cause major advances in synthetic macromolecular chemistry.
Changes in Management of Business Education Based on Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Depoo Lucie , Boháček Jiří , Šnýdrová Markéta , Petrů Gabriela Ježková , Šnýdrová Ivana , Zuzák Roman
Published: April 2022

This article focuses on the perception of crisis management of case business university due to the shift from in-person learning to online or distance form based on COVID-19 and suggestions to improve university branding and competitiveness. Results are based on interviewing students enrolled at business courses during the coronavirus crisis. The aim is to identify successful crisis management practices of a university based on key factors drawn from students’ feedback to ensure smooth shift to online education while maintaining efficiency and reputation. Students reactions were analysed to construct factors leading to successfully manage university’s value though non-standard period. Students reflection on their experiences brings factors crucial to manage unexpected situation, i.e.: personalized communication, openness of school staff, fast reactions, alternative study possibilities, management of social impact, and alternative exams.
Soft Law – The Intermediate Stage Between Freedom and Control
Authors: Pečarič Mirko
Published: April 2022

The soft law is placed on a scale between freedom and control, autonomy, and hard law. At first sight, it falls short of building elements known in the legal principles of law, like transparency, certainty, and predictability, but on the other hand, it is needed to address areas where complexity reigns, where flexibility is needed, where hard law is too hard, invasive, and inappropriate to achieve more distant goals. As soft law can have not only practical but also legal effects, this paper analyses the basic elements of soft law, its practice in the US, France, and the EU and gives pro et contra arguments to be able to recognise it as such and to apply it on a more objective manner. This can be done with the help of the manifest error standard of the judiciary, its structure, and the help of participatory collective wisdom. A first step could be the use of the evidentiary standard of manifest error as a possible solution for the most effective soft law (a la “Turing style”), after which the structure and collective wisdom follow. When the principle of loyal cooperation among institutions is established, the soft law hardens more and more into clay and/or hard law. It thus matters who, when, how, and why to enact the soft law.
Relationship between effort–reward imbalance, job satisfaction, and intention to leave the profession among the medical staff of Qom University of Medical Sciences†
Authors: Asgarian Azadeh , Abbasinia Mohammad , Sadeghi Roghayeh , Moadab Fatemeh , Asayesh Hamid , Mohammadbeigi Abolfazl , Heshmati Farahnaz , Mahdianpour Farzaneh
Published: April 2022

Objective

The effort–reward imbalance (ERI) model claims that work that has the characteristics of high effort and low reward has a mutual defect between input and output and this imbalance may result in sustained and long-lasting results. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the intention to leave the profession (ILP) and ERI and job satisfaction among the medical staff in Qom Province.

Methods

A descriptive-correlative study was conducted on 202 medical staff in Qom Province based on random sampling in 2018. Demographics checklist, standard ILP, job satisfaction, and Siegrist's ERI questionnaires were used for data collection. The chi-squared test, independent t-test, and one-way Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze data.

Results

The mean age of employees was 32.04 ± 7.9 years, and 165 (87.1%) of the employees were women. The results showed that the medical staff was willing to leave their profession at a moderate level (40.7 ± 10.3). There was no significant relationship between demographics and ILP. Nevertheless, a significant and inverse relationship was observed between ERI (r:0.318, P < 0.01) and ILP (r: 0.197, P < 0.01). Leave the profession (LP) had a negative correlation with the dimensions of job descriptive index (JDI) such as job, manager, coworker and wage score (P < 0.01, r: −0.147, r: −0.262, r: −0.292, r: −0.271, r: −0.396).

Conclusions

According to the results, managers need to make sure that their working staff is rewarded as they deserve. According to the results, managers need to ensure that the reward factor is observed for the staff, while an ERI imbalance may contribute to ILP of the staff. On the other hand, it leads to job satisfaction.
Inter-Professional-Compassionate pain management during endotracheal suctioning: a valuable lesson from a Chinese surgical intensive care unit
Authors: Ruan Qian-Wen , Khomapak Maneewat , Sangchan Hathairat
Published: April 2022

Objective

To compare the effects of a pain management program and routine suctioning methods on the level of pain presence and agitation in Chinese adults admitted to the intensive care unit. To disseminate the results from the implementation of the evidence-informed pain management interventions for reducing pain presence and agitation during endotracheal tube suctioning (ETS) and translate the key finding to clinical nursing practice.

Methods

A quasi-experimental study of a two-group post-test design was conducted in adults admitted after surgery to a surgical intensive care unit (SICU) of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan, China in 2018. Fifty-two adults who met the study eligibility were included after consent, 26 in each group. Patients in the control group received usual care while patients in the intervention group received interventions to reduce agitation and pain-related ETS. The impacts of the intervention on the level of pain presence and agitation were measured at 5 measuring time points using the Chinese versions of Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS).

Results

The level of pain presence in the intervention group statistically significantly decreased during, immediately after, and 5 min after suctioning. The level of agitation in the intervention group significantly decreased during and immediately after suctioning.

Conclusions

The findings provide support for the positive pain-relieving effects of the evidence-informed pain-related ETS management interventions when compared with the usual ETS practice. The study interventions were sufficiently effective and safe to maintain patent airway clean and patent as standardized suctioning and helps pain relief. So, evidence-based pain-related ETS management intervention is worthy of recommending to utilize in SICU patients as well as other patients who required suctioning. It is worth noting that integrating pre-emptive analgesia prescription and administration with non-pharmacological intervention plays a critical role in achieving pain relief.
Relationship between spiritual well-being and Health-Related Quality of Life and some related factors in patients with AIDS/HIV
Authors: Setareh Derakhshanpour , Zahra Yazdanpanahi , Mahnaz Zarshenas , Marzieh Akbarzadeh
Published: April 2022

Objective

The study of effective factors on the quality of life (QoL), as an important criterion, in the outcome of new therapeutic and preventive strategies in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been considered by researchers. To study the relationship between spiritual well-being and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and some related factors in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ([AIDS]/HIV).

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 224 people were selected as the study population (112 were male and 112 were female) from patients with AIDS/HIV at the Behavioral Counseling Center of Shiraz with available sampling method. The research tool was Palutzian & Ellison well-being scale and QoL Questionnaire (SF-36). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test.

Results

There was a significant direct relationship between physical function dimensions (P = 0.003). There was a significant relationship between general well-being, mental well-being, and total spiritual well-being (P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant relationship between the dimensions of QoL and spiritual well-being with some age section of the patients, and their occupation and education (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Spirituality has an impact on the QoL dimensions. Therefore, HIV positive people's quality of life could be improved by the possibility of the spiritual well-being promotion as a method of adaptation with the disease.
Experiences of implementing a coping mechanism for the elderly who face chronic diseases while living with the family: a phenomenology study
Authors: Bahtiar Bahtiar , Sahar Junaiti , Wiarsih sWiwin
Published: April 2022

Objective

Physical and psychological stress causes harm to the health status of the elderly with chronic diseases. This study aimed to understand coping mechanisms of the elderly with chronic conditions who live with their family.

Methods

This study was conducted using a descriptive phenomenology method from the experience of 13 older adults with chronic disease. The study processes were interviewed, tape recorded, transcribed, and explored from the transcripts using Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenological method. The steps of the descriptive phenomenology process are bracketing, intuiting, analyzing, and describing.

Results

The coping mechanisms used by the elderly with chronic diseases are (1) the behavioral focus coping ways by doing sports, and physical activities; (2) Focus on spirituality has been implemented by fasting, chanting, dhikr, and prayer; (3) The cognitive focus by working on hobbies or habitual activities and helping each other; (4) The social interaction focus was by interacting with friends, family, and neighbors.

Conclusions

This shows that elderly adults with disease conditions try to adapt various forms of coping mechanisms, which positively affects their psychological state. Families which have elderly with chronic diseases are expected to provide nurturing and psychological support to them so that the elderly can consistently apply coping mechanisms to overcome and tackle chronic diseases. Understanding the coping mechanism implementation of the elderly who have chronic diseases by their family can guide health specialists in designing psychological and spiritual approach interventions.
Development and psychometric evaluation of the nurse behavior toward confirmed and suspected HIV/AIDS patients (NB-CSHAP) scale
Authors: De los Santos Janet Alexis , Milla Norberto , Tuppal Cyruz , Labrague Leodoro
Published: April 2022

There is a scarcity of literature discussing nurses’ behaviors toward caring for suspected or confirmed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. The development of a scale specific to measure nurses’ behaviors will allow health institutions to assess the disposition of their nurses in terms of HIV care. This study aims to present the rigors of developing and validating a reliable instrument to contextualize these nurses’ behaviors. This study utilized a sequential exploratory mixed method design to develop the NB-CSHAP scale. Thematic analysis was done on the qualitative data from the interviews with persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) from which items were selected to be included in the scale. Exploratory factor analysis was utilized to extract the factors and Cronbach's alpha was used to assess the reliability of the instrument. Four factors were extracted and are categorized as either caring or discriminatory behaviors. These include: (1) service-oriented, (2) openhanded, (3) perceptive, and (4) discriminatory. The scale has an internal consistency of 0.73. The scale shows acceptable psychometric properties, hence can be used to assess the nurses’ behaviors in caring for confirmed or suspected HIV clients. The scale may be used by health institutions to determine the quality of the patient care provided by their nurses to clients with confirmed or suspected HIV.
Influence of Hydraulic Oil Viscosity on the Energy Efficiency of Hydrostatic Drive
Authors: Skorek Grzegorz
Published: April 2022

The article presents the influence of oil viscosity on the overall efficiency of the compared systems with proportional cylinder control. There are energy losses in the elements of the hydraulic system, which are, among other things, a function of the viscosity of the working fluid used, as well as energy losses which are practically independent of the viscosity. In order to assess the possibilities of saving energy during the operation of the hydrostatic drive system, it is necessary to understand and describe the losses occurring in the system. Determining the energy efficiency of the system can be performed simulation with the help of a computer program using an appropriate mathematical model. The efficiency determined in this way can be used in the process of designing and operating the system.
Selected defects of one-way clutches based on Mi-24 helicopter – reasons, effects and diagnosing
Authors: Tokarski Tomasz , Obłąkowski Krzysztof , Parucki Janusz , Kucharzewski Tomasz , Kwiatkowski Tadeusz
Published: April 2022

This manuscript describes the proprietary method of diagnosing one-way clutches of Mi-24 at their earlier wearing stage, which is challenging to diagnose with traditional methods (vibroacoustic). The FAM-C method is based on the analysis of frequency modulation of the on-board generator driven from the examined power unit. It enables to observe the influence of other mechanical elements on the operation of this clutch: it monitors all rotary subassemblies of aircraft connected with mechanical power transmission. The manuscript aims to review the typical defects of one-way clutches in helicopter propulsion systems, describe the FAM-C method as a basic method at the early diagnosing stage and confirm its efficiency based on the provided results.
An Attempt to Characterise the Reliability of an Action Considering the Type of Its Result
Authors: Smolnik Maksymilian
Published: April 2022

The paper presents the results of research related to one of the problems identified in the previous work, which included the analysis of selected elements of the concept of reliability of action description in the systems of action engineering developed by Józef Konieczny. The aim of this study is to analyse the possibility of using the praxiological classification of results in a partially formalised description of the reliability of action. In the first stage of considerations, observations were made regarding the description of the reliability of actions presented as isolated simple chains of action. In the second stage, the observations related to the description of the reliability of actions under the conditions of direct supporting were made.
Determinations and Interpretations of Heavy Metal Analysis in the Sediments and Water of Cavnic and Lăpuş Rivers
Authors: Bud Adina
Published: April 2022

The article presents laboratory analysis of the water and sediment samples taken on September 2021 from Cavnic and Lăpuș rivers. The values of these results are interpreted by reference to the Technical Regulations on heavy metal contents in discharged waters into the emissary, without being able to be reported on regulations on river sediments. An analysis is made of the impact of these contents leading to complete destruction of aquatic life in the areas of sampling.
Further results on strictly Lipschitz summing operators
Authors: Belaala Maatougui , Saadi Khalil
Published: April 2022

The aim of this paper is to give some new characterizations of strictly Lipschitz p-summing operators. These operators have been introduced in order to improve the Lipschitz p-summing operators. Therefore, we adapt this definition for constructing other classes of Lipschitz mappings which are called strictly Lipschitz p-nuclear and strictly Lipschitz (p, r, s)-summing operators. Some interesting properties and factorization results are obtained for these new classes.
Steklov problems for the p−Laplace operator involving Lq
-norm
Authors: Alaoui My Driss Morchid , Khalil Abdelouahd El , Touzani Abdelfattah
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we are concerned with the study of the spectrum for the nonlinear Steklov problem of the form

{

Δ

p

u
=

|
u
|

p
-
2

u

in
 
Ω
,

|

∇
u

|

p
-
2

∂
u

∂
v

=
λ

‖
u
‖

q
,
∂
Ω

p
-
q

|
u
|

q
-
2

u

on
 
∂
Ω
,

\left\{ {\matrix{{{\Delta _p}u = {{\left| u \right|}^{p - 2}}u} \hfill & {{\rm{in}}\,\Omega ,} \hfill \cr {{{\left| {\nabla u} \right|}^{p - 2}}{{\partial u} \over {\partial v}} = \lambda \left\| u \right\|_{q,\partial \Omega }^{p - q}{{\left| u \right|}^{q - 2}}u} \hfill & {{\rm{on}}\,\partial \Omega ,} \hfill \cr } } \right.

where Ω is a smooth bounded domain in ℝ
N
(N ≥ 1), λ is a real number which plays the role of eigenvalue and the unknowns u ∈ W
1,

p
(Ω). Using the Ljusterneck-Shnirelmann theory on C
1 manifold and Sobolev trace embedding we prove the existence of an increasing sequence positive of eigenvalues (λ
k
)
k

≥1, for the above problem. We then establish that the first eigenvalue is simple and isolated.
The Use of Statistical Methods in Croatian Enterprises During the Early Stages of COVID-19
Authors: Žmuk Berislav
Published: April 2022

The appropriate application of statistical methods in enterprises should have an important role in business decision-making processes. However, Croatian enterprises still tend to have certain resistance to statistical methods. The new challenges introduced by the COVID-19 pandemic emphasised the importance of conducting statistical analyses as support for making business decisions. In order to investigate the situation and attitudes towards the use of statistical methods, primary research was conducted in the form of a web survey on a sample of 768 Croatian enterprises, of which 40% use statistical methods in their business. The research revealed the level of statistical methods use in Croatian enterprises, demonstrated which statistical methods Croatian enterprises prefer, and defined who is most responsible for their use. Furthermore, the reasons for the use of statistical methods and the major obstacles to the use of more intensive statistical methods were also investigated. The results are described and discussed on an overall level and by considering the size of the enterprises.
Charging and Discharging Strategies for Clustered Regional Energy Storage System
Authors: Li Yang , Janik Przemysław , Pfeiffer Klaus , Schwarz Harald
Published: April 2022

With the massive expansion of decentralised renewable energy in electricity grid networks, the power supply system has been changed from centralised to decentralised one and from directional to bi-directional one. However, due to the regional energy structure difference in the power imbalance between electricity generation and consumption is becoming more and more serious. A grid-scale energy storage system (ESS) can be one solution to balance the local difference. In this paper, two charging/discharging strategies for the grid-scale ESS were proposed to decide when and with how much power to charge/discharge the ESS. In order to realise the two strategies, this paper focuses on the application of fuzzy logic control system. The proposed strategies aim to reduce the peak power generation, consumption and the grid fluctuation. In particular, this paper analysis the ratio between energy-capacity and rated power of ESS. The performance of the proposed strategies is evaluated from two aspects, the normalised power of ESS itself and the influence on the power grid. Simulation studies were carried out on the rule-based control systems with different energy-to-power (e2p) ratios, and the results show that the proposed charging strategy with combination of extreme situation of power imbalance and the rest capacity of ESS provides a smooth load curve for the regional power grid system while the external power exchange is reduced effectively.
Influence of the Ferromagnetic Component on the Magnetic Properties of Polymer-Matrix Soft Magnetic Composites
Authors: Birčáková Zuzana , Kollár Peter , Füzer Ján , Streckova Magdalena , Szabó Juraj , Bureš Radovan , Fáberová Mária
Published: April 2022

The paper presents the study of the influence of different ferromagnetic powders on magnetic properties of polymer-matrix soft magnetic composites. Samples were prepared from pure Fe and Permalloy powders with the same amount of resin and by the same technological process. The coercivity, the real part of complex permeability, saturation magnetic polarization, hysteresis loops and total energy losses and their components were investigated. It was found that the coercivity, DC losses, classical losses, excess losses and thus the total energy losses of composites depended on intrinsic magnetic properties and/or on the size and shape of ferromagnetic powder particles, while the permeability of composites was affected predominantly by inner demagnetizing fields due to the insulation. The numbers of moving domain walls involved in magnetization reversal were analyzed in connection with the magnetic properties.
Synthesis of Fe-Based Alloy Reinforced with Chromium Carbide Via Sintering of Iron-Ferrochrome Powder Mixture
Authors: Kyryliuk Yevheniia , Bagliuk Gennadii , Mamonova Alla , Maslyuk Vitaliy
Published: April 2022

The results of the investigation of the structure, phase composition, and properties of the alloy sintered from a mixture of iron (65 %) and high-carbon ferrochrome (35 %) powders are presented in the article. It was shown that sintering of the consolidated specimens results in a substantially heterogeneous structure consisting of two predominant phases: austenitic phase and double ferrochrome carbide. A mechanism is proposed for the dissolution of ferrochrome particles in the iron matrix as follows: M7C3 → M3C (1000÷1150 ºС) → M7C3 (1200÷1250 ºС).
Single centre experience with Excluder® stent graft; 17-year outcome
Authors: Snoj Ziga , Tomazin Tjasa , Salapura Vladka , Kuhelj Dimitrij
Published: April 2022

Background

Endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) has become a mainstay of abdominal aorta aneurysm treatment. Long term follow-up on specific stent grafts is needed.

Patients and methods

This study included 123 patients (104 men; mean age 73.0 years, range 51–89) with abdominal aorta aneurysm, treated with Excluder® stent graft between October 2002 and June 2008. Periprocedural and follow-up data were retrieved by reviewing the records of our institution, while time and cause of death were retrieved from the National Institute of Public Health. If an abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture was listed as the cause of death, records were retrieved from the institution that issued the death certificate. Our primary goal was to assess the primary technical success rate, type 1 and type 2 endoleak, reintervention free survival, 30-day mortality, the overall survival and aneurysm rupture-free survival.

Results

The median follow-up was 9.7 years (interquartile range, 4.6–13.8). The primary technical success was 98.4% and the 30-day mortality accounted for 0.8%. Secondary procedures were performed in 29 (23.6%) patients during the follow-up period. The one-, five-, ten-, fifteen- and seventeen-year overall survival accounted for 94.3%, 74.0%, 47.2%, 35.8% and 35.8%, while the aneurysm-related survival was 98.4%, 96.3%, 92.6%, 92.6%, 92.6%. In seven (5.7%) patients, abdominal aortic rupture was found as the primary cause of death during follow-up.

Conclusions

Our data showed that EVAR with Excluder® stent graft offers good long-term results. More than 75% of patients can be treated completely percutaneously. Late ruptures do occur in the first ten years, raising awareness about regular medical controls.
Image reconstruction using small-voxel size improves small lesion detection for positron emission tomography
Authors: Rep Sebastijan , Tomse Petra , Jensterle Luka , Jarabek Leon , Zaletel Katja , Lezaic Luka
Published: April 2022

Background

PET/CT imaging is widely used in oncology and provides both metabolic and anatomic information. Because of the relatively poor spatial resolution of PET, the detection of small lesions is limited. The low spatial resolution introduces the partial-volume effect (PVE) which negatively affects images both qualitatively and quantitatively. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of small-voxel (2 mm in-line pixel size)
vs.
standard-voxel (4 mm in-line pixel size) reconstruction on lesion detection and image quality in a range of activity ratios.

Materials and methods

The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) body phantom and the Micro Hollow-Sphere phantom spheres were filled with a solution of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) in sphere-to-background ratios of 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 and 8:1. In all images reconstructed with 2 mm and 4 mm in-line pixel size the visual lesion delineation, contrast recovery coefficient (CRC) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were evaluated.

Results

For smaller (≤ 13 mm) phantom spheres, significantly higher CRC and CNR using small-voxel reconstructions were found, also improving visual lesion delineation. CRC did not differ significantly for larger (≥ 17 mm) spheres using 2 mm and 4 mm in-line pixel size, but CNR was significantly lower; however, lower CNR did not affect visual lesion delineation.

Conclusions

Small-voxel reconstruction consistently improves precise small lesion delineation, lesion contrast and image quality.
Sentencing Youth in Canada: A Suitable Balanced Approach for Vietnam or Falling from Charybdis to Scylla?
Authors: Lafrance Sébastien
Published: April 2022

This paper examines the sentencing regime that applies to the youth in Canada. The origins, history, evolution and challenges that faced this sentencing regime are reviewed. Its comparison with its Vietnamese counterpart allows the author to identify specific elements that could perhaps be improved in Vietnam not forgetting the many relevant differences that exist between the Canadian and Vietnamese criminal law systems. The author submits that the Canadian experience regarding youth sentencing should be considered as a good example for Vietnam.
Региональная политика по развитию международных инвестиционных проектов в Приморском крае: условия, перспективы, инструменты
Authors: Гриванов Роман Игоревич , Красова Елена Викторовна , Врублевский Владислав Валерьевич
Published: April 2022

Статья рассматривает особенности региональной политики, проводимой Правительством Приморского края, в части развития международных инвестиционных проектов. Отмечается, что нормативно-правовые и институциональные условия инвестиционной деятельности за последние годы заметно улучшились, развиваются инструменты административной поддержки инвесторов и предпринимателей. Однако проектный потенциал в крае реализуется далеко не в полной мере. В качестве основного механизма, направленного на повышение инвестиционной привлекательности и снижения рисков для иностранных инвесторов, рассматривается государственно-частное партнерство. Ключевые слова: региональная политика, Приморский край, международный инвестиционный проект, нормативно-правовые условия, институциональная структура, административная поддержка инвесторов, инструменты инвестиционной политики, государственно-частное партнерство
Геополитические интересы Китая в Евразии. Новые партии на пространстве Великой шахматной доски
Authors: Золотухин Иван Николаевич
Published: April 2022

Статья представляет собой рецензию на работу Дэниэля С. Марки "Западный горизонт Китая. Пекин и новая геополитика Евразии". Автор предлагает пищу для размышлений относительно геополитических планов Китая в западной части евразийского Римленда (Южная Азия, Центральная Азия и Ближний Восток). В упомянутых регионах автор акцентирует внимание на отношения Китая с ключевыми для его интересов государствами, каждое из которых на сегодняшний момент достигло во взаимодействии с Пекином беспрецедентного уровня. Ключевые слова: геополитика, Евразия, Римленд, Южная Азия, Центральная Азия, Ближний Восток, безопасность
"Пространство" и "пространства": рефлексия над пространством как (не) обязательный элемент теоретизирования в социальных науках
Authors: Леонтьева Эльвира Октавьевна
Published: April 2022

Статья обращается к критическому осмыслению формулировки «пространственный поворот», ставшей предметом круглого стола в журнале «Ойкумена» весной 2021 года. Обращается внимание на разный онтологический статус категории «пространство» в работах по социологии. В разрезе этого признака все исследования делятся на 3 условные группы: универсалистские, партикулярные и метафорические. Показывается, что при всём внимании к проблематике «места» (дистанции, расположения, перемещения), лишь единичные работы обращаются к «пространству» как к категории предельного уровня, работающей в универсальном объяснительном диапазоне. Также немного авторов, обращаясь к сюжетам мобильности, миграции, туризма, стратификации и т.д., аргументируют соотнесённость эмпирического предмета с некоторой частью пространства. И абсолютное большинство апеллируют к понятию пространства как к интуитивно ясному, не подразумевая необходимость рефлексии. Это показывает, что категория «пространство», притягивая внимание исследователей, одновременно выпадает из рефлексии. Таким образом, рефлексия над пространством неинтересна социологам, что не подтверждает гипотезу «пространственного поворота» в отношении этой науки. Ключевые слова: социальное пространство, пространственный поворот, универсалистская теория, партикулярная теория, социальная онтология
Российская политическая наука в контексте "пространственного поворота"
Authors: Киреев Антон Александрович
Published: April 2022

На основе историко-сравнительного анализа процессов научной концептуализации «пространства» в статье рассматривается динамика вовлечения российской политической науки в методологическое движение, известное как «пространственный поворот». Освещаются происхождение и мировоззренческие основы современного (второго) пространственного поворота, его внутренняя структура. Выделяются три направления пространственных исследований в российской политологии, выявляется их методологическая специфика, намечаются перспективные задачи дальнейшего изучения пространства России. Ключевые слова: пространство, пространственные исследования, пространственный поворот, мировоззренческие основы науки, методология, российская политология Публикация выполнена в рамках поддержанного РФФИ научного проекта № 20-511-93005\20
Политико-экономические противоречия между Казанью и Москвой во время "парада суверенитетов"
Authors: Зиганьшин Ринат Махмутович
Published: April 2022

В статье рассматриваются противоречия, вплоть до противостояния, между Казанью и Москвой в так называемый период «парада суверенитетов» – один из самых трагичных и неоднозначных периодов нашей истории. Он оказался своеобразным показателем, барометром, зеркалом, своего рода рубежом, разделительной линией, неким итогом прежних взаимоотношений, а также заделом взаимоотношений будущих, уже в Новой России. Ключевые слова: Татарстан, парад суверенитетов, федерализм, Казань, Москва
Jenjang Partisipasi dan Determinan Partisipasi Petani dalam Introduksi Budidaya Padi Organik di Desa Pulutan, Kota Salatiga
Authors: Kurniawan Wijang Angga , Prihtanti Tinjung Mary
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) menganalisis jenjang partisipasi petani dalam program pelatihan budidaya padi organik menurut Tangga Pemberdayaan Burns et al (1994). 2) menganalisis tingkat partisipasi petani dalam Program Introduksi Budidaya Padi Organik , 3) menganalisis pengaruh aspek demografi dan karakteristik sosial ekonomi petani terhadap tingkat partisipasi petani dalam Program Introduksi Budidaya Padi Organik. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Mei 2016 di Kelompok Tani Makmur II yang mendapatkan pelatihan penmgembangan budidaya padi organik di Kelurahan Pulutan, Kecamatan Sidorejo, Kota Salatiga. Daerah ini dipilih secara purposive (sengaja). menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Pengambilan responden menggunakan metode sensus yakni seluruh petani anggota kelompok tani Makmur II  sejumlah 34 petani. Analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa jenjang partisipasi Kelompok Tani Makmur II dalam Program Introduksi Budidaya Padi Organik menurut tangga pemberdayaan warga oleh Burns berada di jenjang ke-tujuh yaitu Effective Advisory Body. Tingkat partisipasi Kelompok Tani dikatakan sedang karena 26,5% petani memliki nilai partisipasi rendah, 47% petani termasuk golongan sedang dan 26,5% sisanya sudah memiliki partisipasi tinggi. Variabel yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap tingkat partisipasi petani adalah variabel usia, pendidikan, lama berusahatani dan  pendapatan berusahatani.Kata kunci:     jenjang-partisipasi, padi-organik, regresi-linier-berganda, tangga-partisipasi-Burns, tingkat-partisipasi