bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
V.G. Shukhov Radio Tower – history, current state and prospects
Authors: Mamin Aleksandr N. , Kodysh Emil' N. , Avdeev Kirill V. , Reucu Aleksandr V. , Rasulzhonov I.R.
Published: August 2023

The Moscow Radio Tower was erected in 1922 and is an object of cultural heritage of the Russian Federation, a monument of architecture and engineering. The tower consists of six sections, each about 25 m high. The frame of the sections is a hyperboloid structure, the principle of which was developed by V.G. Shukhov at the end of the XIX century and is still used worldwide in the design and construction of tower structures. The technical inspections carried out confirmed the emergency condition of the Moscow Radio Tower. The results of laboratory studies have shown the heterogeneity of the strength and chemical characteristics of steel, its non-weldability and cold breakage. Analysis of the development of defects over time revealed that the condition of the tower is deteriorating. The performed emergency measures exclude a sudden collapse, but do not eliminate the emergency condition of metal structures. Taking into account the need for urgent restoration work with the elimination of the emergency condition of the tower, the development of project documentation began in 2023. The design assignment provides for the maximum possible preservation of the original elements. When carrying out the project, it should be taken into account that it is impossible to remove individual elements without completely unloading the entire structure. All elements of the tower that have mechanical or corrosion damage that reduces the cross-section even in certain sections are not repairable and must be replaced with new ones. When reusing existing elements, it will be technically difficult to carry out the reverse assembly with the necessary accuracy.
Assessment of the reliability of bent reinforced concrete elements under corrosive effects
Authors: Dekhterev Denis , Matseevich Tatyana
Published: August 2023

The main problem of reducing the reliability and durability of reinforced concrete structures is the corrosion of concrete and reinforcement of operated buildings and structures. Calculation of structures made of reinforced concrete, taking into account environmental influences, is complicated by the stochastic nature of the parameters of corrosion processes. The conducted studies are aimed at solving the problem of improving the methodology of the probabilistic approach to the calculation of corrosion-damaged reinforced concrete elements. The article considers a probabilistic assessment of reliability for the most common bent reinforced concrete elements, taking into account corrosive wear and the time factor. The modeling of the effect of corrosion processes on the stress-strain state of a reinforced concrete element was carried out using the concrete deformation diagram, which takes into account the decrease in strength characteristics with an increase in the concentration of an aggressive medium in concrete. The scheme of propagation of an aggressive environment in concrete is adopted according to the diffuse front method. Corrosion processes in reinforcement were taken into account by reducing the effective cross-sectional area of reinforcing bars. The change in the properties of steel (its embrittlement) with an increase in the concentration of an aggressive medium was not taken into account. Reinforcement corrosion was simulated after the incubation period, after the concentration of the aggressive medium on the surface of the reinforcing bars reached a critical value. The determination of the moment of the onset of the limit state in the element was carried out on the basis of a nonlinear deformation model at each point of the section of the element to achieve the maximum possible tensile or compression strains in concrete and reinforcement. To solve the problem of reliability assessment, the method of statistical modeling implemented in a specialized software package was used. To apply this method, according to previous studies, the probabilistic parameters of all random variables were taken: mathematical expectation and standard deviation. Based on the results of the reliability assessment, graphs of the decrease in the reliability of a bent reinforced concrete element from the time of exposure to an aggressive environment were obtained.
Pile-slab foundation’s settlement evaluation in pseudo-nonlinearity formulation
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan Zaven , Ter-Martirosyan Armen , Sidorov Vitaly , Almakaeva Anastasiya
Published: August 2023

In this paper, an analytical solution to the problem of the interaction of a pile-slab foundation with a 2-layer elastic soil basement is proposed. A new method was proposed to take into account the nonlinearity of soils in an elastic formulation. This method consists in limiting the bearing capacity of the pile along the lateral surface by the strength of the adjacent soil and redistributing the applied load to the pile toe. In the article, a comparative analysis of the proposed analytical solution of the problem in the elastic formulation with numerical simulation in the elastic-plastic formulation is carried out and the scope of the proposed analytical solution, which taking into account the described mechanism of the nonlinearity of the soil, is investigated. Numerical simulation was carried out in the geotechnical software package Plaxis 2D. According to the results of analytical and numerical calculations, the graphs of the dependence of settlement on loads were constructed for various values of soil strength. The graphs showed significant differences in the rate of development of plastic zones of soil deformation obtained by analytical and numerical methods.
Simulation of an emergency situation of a digital architecture object
Authors: Agakhanov E.K. , Kravchenko G.M. , Agakhanov M.K. , Trufanova E.V.
Published: August 2023

The article considers information modeling an emergency impact in the study of the stability of a digital architecture building to progressive collapse with the help of a local destruction simulator using the finite element method. A non-linear processor was used, the calculations were performed by the step-iterative method with automatic step selection. When calculating a digital architecture building for progressive collapse, a technique in a quasi-static formulation was used. Measures were developed to effectively counter the emergency. Since the placement of stiffness floors in the current regulatory documentation is advisory in nature, the need to install outrigger floors in relation to a digital architecture building was studied. The concept of a building of digital architecture of a complex shape in the plan was developed. To determine the most loaded rod element of the calculation model, the calculation of the frame of a unique building was performed at the stage of normal operation. At the 2nd stage, this element was switched off from work, and a computational model was obtained for simulating an emergency. As a result of a series of numerical experiments, taking into account various scenarios of emergency impact on the frame of a digital architecture building, a constructive scheme of a unique building with outrigger floors was developed. The unique building resulting from shaping will have a low weight skeleton, taking into account the use of innovative materials. The collaboration of digital technologies and innovative materials will allow the construction industry to move to a completely new level of development.
Processing of experimental data describing internal deflagration explosions
Authors: Komarov Alexander , Azamov Jahongir
Published: August 2023

This article is devoted to issues related to experimental studies of internal deflagration explosions or emergency explosions occurring inside buildings and premises. In internal emergency explosions, the main role in reducing the explosive pressure to a safe level is played by discharge openings blocked by safety structures (SS). As discharge openings, windows are often used, covered with glazed window blocks, or opened explosion venting structures (EVS).

The article deals with processing experimental data obtained in the study of deflagration explosions occurring inside buildings and premises. The main features and difficulties that arise while analyzing experimental materials are described. The article considers the general methodology for processing experimental data to study deflagration explosions inside buildings and premises. Examples of processing materials from experiments performed in chambers equipped with a transparent edge allow high-speed filming of the explosive combustion process inside the chamber.

The article presents a technique that allows, based on data processing on the overpressure in the explosion chamber, to obtain complete characteristics of the loads that occur in the experimental chamber during an internal deflagration explosion. The proposed technique makes it possible to abandon the transparent edge of the explosion chamber and obtain data on the explosion process based on the numerical processing of the excess pressure created in the explosion chamber. An example of processing a full-scale experiment to determine the effectiveness of a real explosion venting structure (EVS) is given.
Compression test results of CFS structural members
Authors: Korsun Natalia D. , Prostakishina Daria A.
Published: August 2023

The subject of the study is the stress-strain state of a cold-formed steel structural members under axial compression. The aim is to experimentally study the behavior of a sample from a cold-formed thin-walled profile in axial compression with stress control. A mechanical method was used to test compression samples on a universal testing machine, a strain gauge method for measuring relative deformations by strain gauges with data collection in the registration unit. The processing of the test results was carried out using the methods of the theory of elasticity. As a result of the tests carried out, a qualitative picture of the deformation of the sample was obtained, the values of relative deformations at specific points of the cross sections of the sample; as a result of processing the data obtained, the main normal stresses at the points of the cross sections of the element were determined. As conclusions, an assessment of the reliability of the results obtained based on the nonlinear theory of plates is given; a conclusion is made about the inapplicability of the strain gauge method to the analysis of the behavior of thin-walled steel profiles. A promising study is the study of fields of relative deformations by non-contact optical methods.
The stress state of the rock mass with spherical cavity
Authors: Andreev Vladimir
Published: August 2023

One of the main hypotheses accepted in the mechanics of deformable solids is the assumption of the homogeneity of materials. This means that all mechanical characteristics of the material (modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, yield strength, relaxation parameters, etc.) are constant over the volume of the body, in other words, these characteristics are constants. This hypothesis makes it possible not to take into account the natural inhomogeneity of materials at the microlevel - the presence of various fractions in composite materials (concrete, fiberglass, etc.), crystal lattice defects, etc. Examples can be given when various physical phenomena (temperature field, radiation exposure, explosive impact, etc.) lead to a change in the mechanical characteristics along the body. These changes can be quite significant. So, for example, in the presence of high-gradient temperature fields, the deformation characteristics of materials at different points of the body can change dozens of times. Thus, when calculating and designing structures, it is necessary to take into account such macro heterogeneity, since it leads to a significant change in the stress-strain state of bodies. This article considers the problem associated with the continuous inhomogeneity of materials. It means such a heterogeneity that arose in the process of creating an underground cavity with the help of an explosion. In contrast to the classical mechanics of a deformable solid body, the problems of which are reduced to differential equations with constant coefficients, in the mechanics of continuously inhomogeneous bodies we deal with equations with variable coefficients, which greatly complicates their solution. In this case, depending on the type of inhomogeneity functions—functions that describe the change in mechanical characteristics along the coordinates—differential equations turn out to be significantly different.
Analysis of the effect of heat and corrosion on the mechanical properties of metal structures
Authors: Murtazaev E.M. , Nabiyev E.S. , Berdiyev Sh.A. , Sharipov Sh.P. , Karimov A.Q. , Boymuratov F.X.
Published: August 2023

The main content of this article is the reduction of safety problems and risks in civil engineering from the point of view of science in civil engineering. The technology of protecting buildings and structures from corrosion and thermal effects on metal structures requires an increase in the corrosion resistance of structures.
Elastic Global Buckling Moments of Cold-rolled Aluminium Alloy Asymmetric Section Beams
Authors: Pham Ngoc Hieu
Published: August 2023

Cold-rolled aluminium sections are the new products introduced by BlueScope Permalite. These products have illustrated their cost-effectiveness in comparison with the traditional extruded aluminium alloy sections, which has attracted the attention of users and researchers. Research projects on cold-rolled aluminium alloy structures have been carried out to investigate the strengths and behaviors of such members that are the base for the development of the design guidelines for this new structural type. Cold-rolled aluminum alloy sections in the form of thin-walled sections are sensitive to instability. The design guidelines, therefore, have been proposed on the basis of the design of cold-formed steel structures with the development of the Direct Strength Method. The buckling analyses are conducted to determine the elastic buckling load, which is a compulsory step for the application of this method. The buckling analyses for symmetrical sections have been thoroughly investigated whereas these analyses for asymmetric sections are not clearly regulated in the design standards. Based on the experimental and numerical investigations on cold-rolled aluminium asymmetric section beams in a research project conducted at the University of Sydney, the paper will investigate the elastic global buckling moments of these asymmetric beams by using different methods including numerical, experimental and theoretical methods. The investigated results are subsequently discussed to figure out the procedure for the determination of elastic global buckling moments of the investigated cold-rolled aluminium alloy asymmetric section beams.
Application network programming method – knapsack problem and it’s modification
Authors: Burkova Irina , Titarenko Boris , Zheglova Yulia
Published: August 2023

New method of multi-extremal optimization has been developed - a network programming method, which is based on the possibility to represent a complex function as a superposition of simpler functions. The paper deals with network (dichotomous) programming method and its application for solving multi-extremal and discrete optimization problems in Project Management. The main goal of the paper is to develop a new approach to solving knapsack problem and to solve a number of optimization problems of project building management. The optimal structure of the dichotomous representation is determined. On the basis dichotomous programming method new algorithm to solve a optimization problem is proposed
Reinforcement of cellular concrete with composite materials
Authors: Khayrnasov Kamil
Published: August 2023

Cellular concrete, such as gas silicate or foam concrete, has good thermal performance and is widely used in modern construction. Possessing acceptable parameters for compression, cellular concrete has low tensile and shear characteristics. This leads to the appearance of cracks in building structures made of cellular concrete, such as partitions, interior walls, etc. Therefore, solving the problems of increasing the bearing capacity of cellular concrete is important and relevant. The purpose of this study is to study the increase in the bearing capacity of cellular concrete reinforced with composite materials under the action of temperature and bending moments. The problem is solved by the finite element method and analytical methods. As a result of the work carried out, the characteristics of wall panels reinforced with composite rods were obtained under the action of temperature and bending moments in structure. Composite materials in the form of canvases are widely used to enhance the bearing capacity of aged reinforced concrete structures or those that have received defects due to man-made impacts. Consideration of methods for determining the given characteristics of a multilayer composite canvas is necessary for conducting a study of the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete structures reinforced with composite canvases or canvases. In this paper, methods are presented for determining the given characteristics of multilayer composite canvases and panels with different arrangements of the base layers. The analysis of the obtained results showed that reinforcement of the composite materials can significantly increase the tensile strength and shear of the gas silicate of the building.
The condition of existing residential buildings with a sliding support in the foundation in the city of Bishkek
Authors: Mamatov Zhanybek , Ensebekov Altynbek , Taylyakova Zhyldyz
Published: August 2023

This article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of residential buildings with a sliding support in the foundation, in the city of Bishkek. The residential buildings under consideration were built at different times, according to different designs and different structural and planning schemes with seismic protection systems. As you know, with sliding supports, it is possible to significantly reduce the horizontal loads transmitted to the bearing above-ground structures of the building if it is possible for them to slip relative to the foundation. A detailed analysis and review of these existing residential buildings with a seismic-isolating sliding belt in the foundation using various structural and planning schemes and materials has been performed. The constructed experimental residential buildings with seismic protection systems, according to the results of the work performed, it is recommended to use sources of energy absorbers, consisting of rubbing surfaces of steel, fluoroplastic and a layer of bulk material placed between them.
Study of the hygrometric condition of cement stone and concrete
Authors: Khasanov B. B. , Adilkhuzhaev A. E. , Choriev R. K. , Azizova B. M. , Umarov I. , Mirzaev T. A.
Published: August 2023

Cement systems are thermodynamically non-equilibrium, non-linear systems. Since it is far from equilibrium, it must be characterised by structure formation processes. Here it is necessary to consider the definition of ‘structure formation’. This term is used in two meanings. The first is generally accepted in concrete science -the formation of mechanical bonds between the dispersed particles of a solidifying system as a result of ongoing chemical and physicochemical processes, culminating in the formation of a solid body -the cement stone and concrete. The second meaning of the term describes the emergence of dissipative structures, i.e. the destruction of the initial homogeneity of the system due to the emergence of streams, concentration gradients, chemical waves, etc. By measuring the parameters of the resulting dissipative structures of different formation methods, it is possible to assess the degree of disequilibrium in the solidifying system and hence the directed methods of structure formation and structure optimisation. It should also be noted that a non-linear, non-equilibrium hydration process leading to a concentration potential difference proceeds with equal probability in all directions. Applying a gradient of a high-intensity physical field to the disperse system, one should expect a synchronisation of the fluctuations of the concentration potential of local areas of the disperse system, which will result in a sharp increase of the physical and mechanical properties of the hydration products of the binder and of the concrete in general.
Recent trends on BIM in architectural design in Russia
Authors: Shafray Ekaterina
Published: August 2023

This paper presents an overview of the relevant normative framework related to BIM in architectural design in Russia. It focuses on the use of Russian software for BIM architectural design (in particular, it views Renga and NanoCAD) for education in architecture and architecture practice. It analyses several case studies for low-rise cottage, public buildings, school and museum buildings. The features of working with digital information models at various stages, project management are shown. Examples of the application of domestic software are considered. Together with other creative methods for architectural design, creating and working with digital building information models provides a wide range of opportunities for architectural education.
Modern salinity leaching technology of agricultural land reclamation (A case study from Bukhara region, Uzbekistan)
Authors: Khamidov Mukhammadkhon , Khamraev Kamol
Published: August 2023

This article discusses the impact of the development of water-saving salinity leaching technology on the conditions of meadow-alluvial, moderately saline and medium sandy soils of Bukhara oasis according to its mechanical composition using Biosolvent compounds and the impact of the scientifically based irrigation regime on the reclamation regime of irrigated lands. In a saline-washed field with a Biosolvent combination, the Bukhara-102 variety of Gossypium received irrigation soil moisture at the beginning of vegetation when watered at 70-80-65 percent compared to LFMC, the amount of chlorine in the active (0-100 cm) layer of soil is 0,008%, the amount of sulfate is 0,036% and the amount of dry residue is 0,204% by the end of the growing season, these values are 0.020; 0.047 and 0.350%, with a seasonal salt accumulation coefficient of 2.37; 1.3; 1.72 respectively and compared to the control variant, it decreases by 0,50; 0,20; 0,13 and its yield is 40.5 cwt·ha-1, with an additional 3.9 cwt·ha-1 of cotton yield compared to the control, which allows to save 53.7 cbm of river water used for growing 1 cwt cotton yield.
The results of experimental studies of the working body of the loader pile of fodder crops
Authors: Razzakav T.X. , Toshtemirov S.J. , Kiyamov A.Z.
Published: August 2023

The article substantiates the need for this study, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various working bodies of loading devices, as well as the results of the analysis on the prospects of a finger-type separating working body for uniform loading of a pile of seeds into dryers. The factors influencing the working process of leveling the material and the methodology of experimental research are given. The maximum number of factors influencing the process under study has been determined, the most likely areas of their change have been selected and the conditions characterizing the process of leveling the pile of fodder crops by the loader have been selected. The schemes of dependence of the coefficient of uneven leveling of the pile on the feed rate of the material and the speed of rotation of the drum, the dependence of uneven leveling on the length of the finger and the gap between them, the dependence of uneven leveling on the diameter of the drum and the number of rakes and the dependence of uneven leveling on the angle of the fingers and the thickness of the layer of the pile, as well as the influence of kinematic, structural and technological parameters of the working body are presented on the quality of leveling the pile.
Analysis of the effect of mechanical impurities in water on the hydroabrasive wear of the turbines of the Bozsu hydroelectric power plant
Authors: Kan Eduard , Li Marina , Khushvaktova Khusnobod , Turaeva Suriya , Sharopov Sharifjon
Published: August 2023

The peculiarity of the operation of hydropower facilities (pumping stations and hydroelectric power plants) in the Republic of Uzbekistan is that the equipment works with liquids containing a large amount of mechanical impurities. The purpose of the research is to assess the effect of the content of mechanical impurities in water on waterjet wear. The object of research is the Bozsu HPP (Uzbekistan). To assess the hydroabrasive properties of a liquid with impurities, an analysis of the granulometric and mineralogical composition of sediments and especially those fractions of impurities that pose a danger was carried out. For water passing through the turbins of the Bozsu HPP, these are fractions of feldspar and quartz. Most of the composition of mechanical impurities are feldspar minerals (58.46% with an average diameter of 0.093 mm). The total content of hazardous fractions (feldspar and quartz) is 77.07% or 0.3-0.4 kg/m3, which exceeds the maximum permissible norm (0.2 kg/m3). But at the same time, no dangerous fractions in diameter (more than 0.25 mm) were detected. A full-scale inspection of the turbine parts showed that waterjet wear is present. The type of waterjet wear is fine-scaled wear with rare, separately located, shallow scales and deep (deep) type of wear with long grooves. The degree of waterjet wear quantitatively and qualitatively, this can be attributed to the wear of low and medium activity.
Blood cytokine profile quantitative characteristics evaluation for identifying infection risk group in pigs
Authors: Agarkov Alexander , Tatiana Lushnikova , Agarkov Nikolay , Diana Sivalneva , Nekrasova Irina
Published: August 2023

Diseases in newborn animals cause significant damage to animal husbandry. This is a complex problem, in which, along with such factors as the environment and the pathogen, an important role is played by the reaction of the body of newborns and their close connection with the mother's body. The study of enzyme relationships in the functional system «mother-fetus-newborn» can make a significant contribution to solving the problem of improving the safety of the population of newborn animals. Newborn animals have different degrees of functional maturity. Functional capacity of some organs and the system of the newborn, in comparison with the parent individuals, can be determined both genetically and by the conditions of intrauterine development. Currently, a sufficient number of facts have been accumulated that any deviations or violations of homeostasis parameters the mother's body affects the fetus and vice versa. The main role in compensating for impaired functions belongs to the mother's body, but the fetus is also able to participate in these reactions to a certain extent. Functional integration of fetal and maternal homologous systems when performing homeostatic functions concerns the activity of the blood enzyme component. The aim of our research was to study quantitative and qualitative changes in the activity of blood enzymes in animals aged from 27 to 204 days.
Physiological assessment of drought resistance and heat resistance of spring barley varieties by laboratory methods
Authors: Gaze Valentina , Yanovskaya Natalia , Cherpakova Elena , Lobunskaya Irina , Filippov Evgeny
Published: August 2023

One of the main conditions for the stable growth of grain production of spring barley is the expansion of sown areas, using varieties with high adaptive properties and capable of providing high yields in a changing climate. The purpose of the work is to determine the drought resistance and heat resistance of varieties and lines of spring barley using laboratory methods. The article presents studies of physiological indicators of resistance at an early stage of plant development to extreme environmental factors (drought and relatively high air temperatures). The physiological method of early diagnostics of seeds and seedlings provides information on the general initial level of physiological and biochemical processes in germinating seeds under stressful conditions and allows one to get an idea of the resistance of adult plants. Such a primary assessment gives grounds for the selection of promising samples for a deeper study of their stability. When determining the resistance of varieties and lines of spring barley to abiotic stressors, samples were identified that, in terms of a set of indicators (drought resistance, heat resistance, degree of depression, index of complex resistance and growth of germinal roots), values significantly exceeding the standard variety Ratnik (36.6; 91, 1; 2.13%; 184.3 rel. units and 2.78 cm, respectively): Zernogradsky 1717 (45.6; 84.0; 5.19%; 194.8 rel. units and 4.76 cm), Zernogradsky 1716 (4.3; 83.4; 5.43%; 188.0 relative units and 3.67 cm), Zernogradsky 1701 (36.2; 87.0; 3.17%; , 4 relative units and 2.56 cm).
Sorghum-Sudanese hybrid Dobrynya as a result of heterosis selection
Authors: Kovtunova Natalia , Romanyukin Alexander , Kovtunov Vladimir , Yermolina Galina
Published: August 2023

Sorghum-Sudanese hybrids, due to the heterosis effect, have not only increased productivity, but also uniformity, increased vitality, as well as resistance to various diseases and stress factors in comparison with parental forms. The purpose of the work: to characterize the new hybrid Dobrynya, created as a result of heterosis selection, according to the main morphological, biological, economically valuable indicators. The studies were carried out at the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Agrarian Research Center “Donskoy” (ARC “Donskoy”). The soil of the experimental plot is ordinary carbonate chernozem. The advantages of the hybrid include high foliage (13 leaves per plant) - 39-41% of the leaf mass of plants, good protrusion of the legs (30-35 cm), succulence, tillering, cold resistance. The duration of the period “sprouts-heading” on average for 2019-2022. was 55 days (mid-season), which is 5 days less than the standard. Sorghum-Sudanese hybrid Dobrynya is characterized by a high yield of green mass - 63 t/ha (in total for 2 cuttings) and dry matter - 13.0 t/ha, which is higher than the standard by 28.6 and 31.3%, respectively. -essentially. And in terms of the content of crude protein and the collection of digestible protein, it significantly exceeds it by 1.1% and 0.24 t/ha. According to the results of the assessment in natural conditions, Dobrynya is distinguished by high or practical resistance to loose smut and bacteriosis. The sorghum-Sudanese hybrid has been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements since 2023 and is recommended for use for green fodder and silage in the Central Black Earth, North Caucasus and Lower Volga regions of Russia.
Refinement of fatigue curve parameters using fuzzy set theory and tomography images processing of censored composite samples
Authors: Gadolina I. V. , Zakharov M. N. , Nisan A. V. , Kazhlaev R. G.
Published: August 2023

The fatigue curve is important in engineering practice. Since the task of constructing a fatigue curve is characterized, among other things, by the presence of qualitative (not numerical), inaccurate and incomplete information, the question arises of the appropriateness of applying the theory of fuzzy sets. To clarify information on censored, namely, removed from testing upon reaching the test base specimens, the use of computed tomography to study the degree of their damage is proposed. A fuzzy regression model has been developed to consider linguistic variable that describes the status of a sample (broken or censored). With fuzzy dependent variables of the of regression model, the coefficients of the equation also turn out to be fuzzy. For the fuzzy dependent variable of the time before failures of censored samples, the degree of damage is additionally evaluated based on the rating of experts by the analysis of tomography images. The model made it possible to estimate the interval of expected life for a given stress amplitude using an uncertainty accounting method that differs from the classical statistical description. An example of constructing a fuzzy fatigue curve for polymer composite materials is considered.
Development of an aluminium matrix composite material with the addition of dispersed particles of graphite, operating under conditions of increased friction
Authors: Mikhlik V. M. , Sevalnev G. S. , Kurganova Yu. A.
Published: August 2023

The paper proposes a method for obtaining a composite material based on aluminum with the introduction of dispersed particles of graphite powder at the stage of obtaining samples. On the obtained experimental samples, which are cylinders with a diameter of 20 mm. and a height of 10 mm, and the properties of this material, namely hardness and wear resistance.
Selection of antioxidants to improve the thermal-oxidative stability of polyarylates
Authors: Storozhuk I. P. , Bulkatov D. P. , Simachev A. D. , Filatova E. V. , Orlov M. A. , Kalinnikov A. N.
Published: August 2023

Using the method of thermogravimetric analysis, the selection of synergistic mixtures of antioxidants for the synthesized polyarylate-polysulfone block copolymer F-230/30 with a glass transition temperature of 260°C was made.
Influence of the compatibilizer on the properties of composites based on low density polyethylene and polybutylene terephthalate
Authors: Borukaev T. A. , Shaov A. Kh. , Kharaev A. M. , Borodulin A. S.
Published: August 2023

Composite materials based on a polymer mixture -low density polyethylene and polybutylene terephthalate -have been obtained and investigated. To improve the compatibility of two thermodynamically incompatible polymers, a compatibilizer was used, which is polyethylene modified with maleic anhydride. It was found that the compatibilization of the polymer mixture low density polyethylene/polybutylene terephthalate, leads to a significant change in the basic physical and mechanical characteristics of the composite. It is shown that the introduction of compatibilizer leads to an increase in the viscosity of the polymer mixture, which is caused by a change in the density of molecular entanglements. In turn, compatibilized composites are inferior in hardness to noncompatibilized composites. It was found that changes in the morphology of composites upon compatibilization lead to an improvement in the strength of the material. It was shown that the plasticity of the polymer mixture increases upon compatibilization, which makes it possible to improve the dissipative capabilities of the material.
Halogenated polyethersulfone sulfides
Authors: Kharaev A. M. , Bazheva R. Ch. , Borodulin A. S.
Published: August 2023

This paper presents the results of a study of random copolyethersulfone sulfides based on 4,4-dichlorodiphenylsulfone, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-di(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylene, and sodium sulfide. The synthesis of copolyethersulfone sulfides with different ratios of polyethersulfone and polyphenylenesulfone sulfide units was carried out by high-temperature polycondensation by the reaction of nucleophilic substitution in N,N-dimethylacetamide medium and using potassium carbonate as an alkaline agent. The effect of the solvent used on the yield and reduced viscosity of polyethersulfone sulfides was studied. It has been shown that polymers with high reduced viscosity can be obtained in N,N-dimethylacetamide and N,N-dimethylformamide. The growth dynamics of the reduced viscosity of polyethersulfone sulfides was also studied depending on the ratio of sulfone and sulfide groups. The solubility of these polymers in various solvents has been studied.
Investigation of dielectric parameters of structural nanocomposites based on polyethylene
Authors: Gaitukieva Z. H. , Kunizhev B. I. , Kharaev A. M.
Published: August 2023

The dependence of the dielectric constant and specific volume resistance of a structural composite based on (80 wt%) synthetic isoprene rubber and (20 wt%) low density polyethylene on the content of nanosized particles of aluminum fillers, Nalchikin and carbon black in small quantities is shown graphically. Using an electron probe method for studying the microstructure of a structural material, a hydrostatic weighing method based on determining the density of a composite by its double weighing and an electron shadow microscope, this paper presents models and physical mechanisms that lead to extrema in the permittivity and conductivity of composite materials.
The relevance of the use of an intelligent mechanism in the drive of modern agricultural machines
Authors: Kalmykov Boris , Danilov Sergey
Published: August 2023

The article analyzes theoretical and experimental studies of intelligent mechanism designs, considers the advantages of using intelligent mechanisms for agricultural machines in comparison with traditional structural schemes. The principle of operation of an intelligent mechanism presented in the form of two differential drives for agricultural machines is considered. Planetary mechanisms of this type are systems with two or more degrees of freedom in terms of the number of structural connections, therefore, with one leading link, the movement of their driven links is determined by additional external links that may have different physical origins. The paper presents a description and also considers the main advantages of using the developed kinematic scheme of an intelligent mechanism for agricultural machines, which allows for automatic regulation in a wide range of movement speed depending on the load on the working body, the weight of grain on the conveyor belt, the type of soil on which the agricultural machine moves, etc., overload protection, increased productivity due to full engine load. The proposed intelligent mechanism for agricultural machines allows the distribution of torque from a single engine, and there is also no need to install a set of sensors and a control unit.
The dependence of the functional parameters of a tractor of traction class 1,4 as part of a cultivator unit on the type of tire model of size 18,4r-38 on propellers
Authors: Kravchenko Vladimir , Kravchenko Lyudmila , Zhurba Victor
Published: August 2023

The aim of the work: to establish the functional indicators of a cultivator unit based on a wheeled mobile power vehicle of traction class 1.4 when its driving wheels are equipped with tires of size 18.4R-38 of various models (206B, TM300S, VL-32). The increase in the performance indicators of the functioning of any machine-tractor unit depends largely on its working speed and the width of the grip, which implies the use of mobile energy means with high traction and energy indicators at the lowest level of dynamic processes in the links of the machine-tractor unit. For wheeled mobile power equipment, the achievement of high traction and energy indicators is determined by the properties of the tires of the driving wheels. Analysis of traction test data showed that the MTZ-80 tractor with VL-32 tires mounted on the propellers had the best traction performance compared to other tested models.
Training of organizational and managerial personnel responsible for the environmental safety strategy
Authors: Ivanov Igor , Persiyanova Galina
Published: August 2023

The article discusses the reasons for the inconsistency of the university training program for organizational and managerial personnel responsible for the environmental safety strategy in the areas of study implemented at the university, taking into account the international requirements of the ESG strategy, which comprehensively evaluates all factors: social, environmental and managerial, both on the production system and on environment and is being widely implemented in various global business firms. The main ways of improving the quality of training of organizational and managerial personnel responsible for the creation of new enterprises and the improvement of existing ones in order to ensure high efficiency of environmental safety and life support are determined. A program of disciplines and methods have been developed to ensure the process of its implementation.
Scopus-based bibliometric analysis on corpus linguistics for the period of 2017-2021
Authors: Mengliye B.R. , Hamroyeva Sh. , Abdullayeva O.
Published: August 2023

This article aims to observe the latest scientific theories in the field of corpus linguistics, to analyze the latest research trends in corpus linguistics and the creation of language corpora. The results of our research are based on bibliometric analysis of scientific research results and review articles of universities, scientific research centers and well-known scientists of different countries where scientific and practical work is being carried out in the field of corpus linguistics. We analyzed the publications in the Scopus database in the field of corpus linguistics in 2017-2021 and found research results related to finding solutions to various problems in language corpora and problems in it and we observed bibliometric method through speech recognition, syntactic parsing problems, semantic tagging problems, automatic tokenization and lemmatization. This is the first research in Uzbek linguistics to report on the landscape of corpus linguistics in recent years. This research contributes to the general scientific understanding of corpus linguistics and provides insight into the past, present, and future of linguistics. 1353 publications were analyzed in the article. Although the field of corpus linguistics originated in the 1960s and 1970s, the fields of study have expanded and changed over time. Among the fields of linguistics, this direction is dynamic. In recent years, national corpora and target corpora have been created in various languages, and solutions to complex linguistic problems have been found.
Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative stress in mixed saliva of Bukhara oil refinery workers
Authors: Bekjanova Olga , Adizov Miraziz
Published: August 2023

The study evaluated the biochemical effects of chronic exposure to the oil refining industry on the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipid peroxidation processes in the saliva of hazardous production workers. The workers of the main specialties of the Bukhara oil refinery were examined. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines both in the workers of the hazardous shops of the oil refinery and in the employees of the plant management were determined by the amount of destruction of the epithelial attachment of the gums, determined by the value of the CPI index. At the same time, with an increase in the severity of periodontal lesions, the concentrations of pro-inflammatory mediators significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05). in those examined with healthy periodontium (CPΙ -0), the concentration of TNF-α in the mixed saliva of workers in hazardous production exceeds that of employees of the plant management by 83.85% (P ≤ 0.01); in those examined with low values of the СPΙ index (1–2), this excess was 41.23% (P ≤ 0.01) and in severe lesions (СP Ι – 3–4) – 72.23% (P ≤ 0.01). In general, the concentration of TNF-α in the mixed saliva of workers at the enterprise exceeded that of employees of the plant management by 61.20% (P ≤ 0.01); the corresponding excess levels of IL-6 were 85.00%; 80.00%; 72.33% and 65.91% Thus, the production hazards of the oil refinery are a systemic risk factor for the development of periodontitis.
Experimental work as one aspect of the environmental education activities for rural schools in Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Kozhanova Aktoty , Khamzina Sholpan , Klimenko Mikhail , Tarasovskaya Nataliya , Zhumabekova Bibigul
Published: August 2023

The experimental work is one of actual directions of modern ecological education modernization. Worldwide we can often see the modern comfortable and functional campuses and buildings that harmonize with the environment around. The Republic of Kazakhstan Government accepted new National project “Green Kazakhstan” which describes the creation favorable environment for the population, sustainable development, biological education and modernizing the ecological mind of population. The environmental education plays a special role in the practical activities in school, helps to form necessary competences for students they can use in their life. Every school in Kazakhstan has its own experimental site (plot) where teacher and students can realize different environmental experiments and observe the natural objects etc. Authors consider this method of work the most reasonable for ecological breeding, as well as these activities are one of the most interesting for students. Experimental work may serve as a specific indicator for the environmental education result.
Predictive Modelling of Surface Roughness in Layered Manufacturing Using H15N5D4B and KH28M6
Authors: Ripetskiy A. V. , Mikhailova E. V. , Fedoseev D. V. , Temicheva N. Yu. , Sitnikov S. A.
Published: August 2023

Layered manufacturing (LM) technology has the capability to fabricate 3D physical models efficiently, overcoming the limitations of geometric complexities. However, the surface quality of LM-processed parts often falls short compared to parts made through traditional numerically controlled manufacturing technology. This issue of surface roughness has become a significant concern, despite the numerous potential advantages offered by LM. To address this, an elaborate methodology is proposed to predict the surface roughness of LM-processed parts. The proposed methodology takes into account both theoretical and real-world characteristics of surface roughness distributions to accurately reflect the actual roughness distributions in the predictions. This methodology was tested and used to evaluate properties of the H15N5D4B and KH28M6 materials. To achieve this, a design of the testing sample was developed, and a roughness distribution expression was introduced, utilizing measured roughness data from the aforementioned sample. This expression allows engineers to obtain surface roughness values for all surface angles, i.e., desired 3D models. The methodology also includes a prediction application, which demonstrates the validity and effectiveness of the proposed approach through several application examples.
Ults entropy in the structure of natural and technical systems “natural environment–object of activity–population”
Authors: Khetsuriani Jelguja , Kokhanov Yuriy , Tkacheva Irina , Podoyniczyn Dmitry , Karaseva Alexandra
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the categorical concept of entropy in the structure of natural and technical systems related to the use of water resources, the quantitative and qualitative indicators of which are formed within the spatial limits of river basin geosystems. Using fundamental basic concepts as a universal measure of the forms of motion of matter – energy, time, system, system approach and important concepts – irreversibility, ecological state, environmental safety, as well as fundamental laws of thermodynamics – conservation and changes in the zones of influence of the “Object of Activity” in the form of a complex of hydraulic structures and associated buildings as part of natural-technical system “Natural Environment–Object of Activity–Population” (NTS “NE-OA-P”) on the use of water resources in economic and other activities, to give a detailed understanding of Entropy.
Modeling of temperature processes in orthotropic boards of radio-electronic devices
Authors: Rozhkova Elena , Pirnazarov Gulomjon , Mirzaakhmedov Mirzokhid , Khozhakhmatov Sunnat , Artykova Bakhtigul
Published: August 2023

The design of electronic equipment that is resistant to external influences is a topical problem. The arrangement of individual circuit parts is modeled in the form of an orthotropic plate. The paper describes the solutions of homogeneous and inhomogeneous thermal conductivity equation for an orthotropic rectangular plate, obtained by the recurrence-operator method. Numerical results are given for two cases of temperature distribution, satisfying zero boundary conditions, during cooling and heating and given initial conditions.