bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As contribuições da formação cidadã e das discussões decoloniais nas licenciaturas do Instituto Federal Catarinense – campus Camboriú
Authors: Castanheira Fabio , Barbosa Thiago Henrique das Neves
Published: April 2024

Desde 1808, quando foram criadas as primeiras escolas de ensino superior no Brasil, a universidade brasileira vem passando por diferentes transformações. Uma das mais importantes mudanças do século XXI diz respeito ao acesso não só para a elite, mas também para os sujeitos antes excluídos da possibilidade de acesso ao conhecimento. Nesse processo de expansão das universidades, surgiram, em 2008, os Institutos Federais, os quais tinham como missão formar cidadãos desde a educação básica até o ensino superior, incluindo cursos de pós-graduação lato e stricto sensu, por meio da oferta de uma educação pública, gratuita, laica e socialmente referenciada, que atendesse às demandas locais do mundo do trabalho. Pensar os sujeitos que devem ser formados nesse contexto do mundo do trabalho é entender que todo egresso deve estar preparado de forma integral, em uma perspectiva cidadã, e que esta seja plural e diversa, possibilitando discussões que ajudem os estudantes a compreenderem o sistema mundo colonial no qual as universidades estão também incluídas. Desconstruir e reconstruir conceitos a partir de uma perspectiva descolonizadora é papel da universidade, contribuindo para uma sociedade cada vez mais emancipada e inclusiva. Nessa perspectiva, este artigo irá discutir como a formação cidadã, por meio das discussões decoloniais, poderá contribuir para a formação dos estudantes dos cursos de licenciatura do Instituto Federal Catarinense – campus Camboriú, objetivando uma análise cada vez mais profunda sobre o papel e a relação desses egressos, que estarão inseridos no mundo do trabalho, por meio de sua atuação na educação básica.
ANÁLISE DAS PRINCIPAIS ESCOLHAS DE ANTI-HIPERTENSIVOS DE ACORDO COM O PERFIL DO PACIENTE: REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Jorge Silva da , Santos Maurício Castro dos , Souza Juarez de , Silva Christian Diniz Lima e
Published: April 2024

A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) é definida como uma doença crônica não transmissível, caracterizada pela elevação persistente da pressão arterial, condição que se torna cada vez mais recorrente entre a população brasileira. O presente trabalho é uma revisão integrativa que tem como objetivo identificar e apresentar a produção científica relacionada com a temática, buscando esclarecer as diferentes escolhas de anti-hipertensivos relacionadas ao perfil do paciente (faixa etária, raça e sexo) e às condições clínicas associadas (diabetes, insuficiência renal, insuficiência cardíaca e asma). Em relação à faixa etária, a terapia farmacológica em crianças é baseada na terapia farmacológica em adultos. Nos idosos, geralmente opta-se por diuréticos (DIU) tiazídicos, bloqueadores dos canais de cálcio (BCC), inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina (IECA) ou bloqueadores dos receptores da angiotensina II (BRA). Para a população negra, os DIU tiazídicos e os BCC são mais eficazes na redução da pressão arterial (PA). Para os diabéticos, é ideal que o tratamento inclua um bloqueador do sistema renina-angiotensina (IECA ou BRA). Em pacientes com disfunção renal todos os anti-hipertensivos podem ser utilizados, preferencialmente os IECA e os BRA. Na insuficiência cardíaca, o tratamento anti-hipertensivo é direcionado de acordo com o tipo de disfunção do paciente, podendo haver disfunção sistólica ou diastólica. Para pacientes com asma, direciona-se o uso de BRA, primariamente. Conclui-se que os diferentes perfis de pacientes e as diversas condições clínicas associadas levam a escolhas direcionadas e específicas de medicamentos anti-hipertensivos.
Territorial dynamics of innovation: Perspectives of institutional economists and evolutionists
Authors: Rodrigues Ricardo Furtado
Published: April 2024

This chapter discusses the importance of the territory as a space for innovation. And to better understand the situation studied, it was necessary to discuss the view of institutionalist and evolutionist economists who will form the basis for understanding the main institutional aspects that can influence the performance of companies, and the materialization of an institutional environment favorable to innovation, through interaction in formal and informal knowledge networks. It highlights the importance of knowledge as a central element of a new territorial economic structure that is emerging, where learning is its most important process, and innovation is the main vehicle for transforming knowledge into value. The chapter also presents the main concepts of Innovation Systems, making reference to the main authors, and finally, a discussion on the formation of business networks and the importance of cooperation between actors.
Systematic Review of the roles of Inositol and Vitamin D in improving fertility among patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Katyal Gitika , Kaur Gursharan , Ashraf Hafsa , Bodapati Adiprasad , Hanif Ayesha , Okafor Donatus Kaine , Khan Safeera
Published: April 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder among reproductive-age women. As a leading cause of anovulatory infertility, it complicates fertility treatments, including in vitro fertilization. The widely accepted 2003 Rotterdam diagnostic criteria for PCOS include sub-phenotypes based on variations in androgen excess, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology. In this systematic review, we examined the impacts of inositol and vitamin D on fertility in PCOS. Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines, we used relevant keywords to comprehensively search databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and MDPI. From an initial pool of 345 articles, 10 met the inclusion criteria. The articles suggest that vitamin D and inositol, particularly myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol, may represent therapeutic options for PCOS. Vitamin D influences ovarian follicular development, glucose regulation, and insulin sensitivity. When combined with metformin therapy, it is associated with improved menstrual regularity and ovulation. Inositol is crucial for cellular signaling, energy metabolism, glucose regulation, and fertility. This systematic review underscores the importance of investigating inositol and vitamin D within a PCOS management strategy, given the disorder’s prevalence and impacts on fertility and metabolic health. Although these agents show promise, additional research could clarify their mechanisms of action and therapeutic benefits. This review emphasizes the need for exploration of effective treatments to improve the quality of life among individuals with PCOS. Inositol and vitamin D represent potential options, but more studies are required to elucidate their roles in the management of this condition.
Effect of nicotinamide mononucleotide on osteogenesis in MC3T3-E1 cells against inflammation-induced by lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Kang Inyoung , Koo Myoungjoo , Jun Jin Hyun , Lee Jaewang
Published: April 2024

Objective: Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is extensively utilized as an anti-aging agent and possesses anti-inflammatory properties. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates Toll-like receptor 4, a process modulated by intracellular signaling pathways such as the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This study investigated the impact of NMN on osteogenesis in the presence of LPS. Methods: To elucidate the role of NMN in osteogenesis in the context of Gram-negative bacterial infection after LPS treatment, we cultured a mouse pre-osteoblast cell line (MC3T3-E1) and subsequently incubated it with NMN and/or LPS. We then evaluated osteogenic activity by measuring alkaline phosphatase activity, assessing gene expression and protein levels, and performing Alizarin Red S staining and immunocytochemistry.Results: MC3T3-E1 cells underwent successful differentiation into osteoblasts following treatment with osteogenic induction medium. LPS diminished features related to osteogenic differentiation, which were subsequently partially reversed by treatment with NMN. The restorative effects of NMN on LPS-exposed MC3T3-E1 cells were further substantiated by elucidating the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, as confirmed through immunocytochemistry. Conclusion: This study showed that infection with Gram-negative bacteria disrupted the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. This adverse effect was partially reversed by administering a high-dose of NMN. Drawing on these results, we propose that NMN could serve as a viable therapeutic strategy to preserve bone homeostasis in elderly and immunocompromised patients.
INFLUENCE OF WORKING CONDITIONS ON THE STATE OF HEALTH AND LABORATORY INDICATORS OF EMPLOYEES WHEN PERFORMING WELDING WORKS
Authors: Власова Наталья Викторовна , Абдрахманова Елена Рафиловна , Масягутова Ляйля Марселевна , Карамова Лена Мирзаевна , Рафикова Линара Альфировна , Музафарова Алина Риннатовна , Бояринова Наталья Владимировна
Published: April 2024

В настоящее время профессия сварщика является одной из самых востребованных в различных отраслях промышленности. Цель работы — проанализировать условия труда, показатели здоровья и определить значимость лабораторных исследований, регламентированных в рамках периодических медицинских осмотров для своевременной диагностики изменений в состоянии здоровья электрогазосварщиков, работающих и проживающих на территории Республики Башкортостан. Проведено клинико- диагностическое обследованиеработников-электрогазосварщиков, работающих на предприятиях республики. Рассмотрено влияние вредных производственных факторов: химического, физического и тяжести трудового процесса. Выявлены заболевания костно- мышечной и нервной систем, болезни системы кровообращения, органов дыхания и нейросенсорная тугоухость с признаками воздействия шума. Диагностированы достоверные изменения лабораторных показателей в зависимости от стажа работы и длительности контакта с производственными факторами. Необходимо проведение диспансерного наблюдения данной категории рабочих с разработкой и обоснованием индивидуальных медико- профилактических мероприятий.

Currently, the profession of a welder is one of the most sought after in various industries. The purpose of the work is to analyze working conditions, health indicators anddetermine the significance of laboratory tests regulated as part of periodic medical examinations for the timely diagnosis of changes in the health status of electric and gas welders working andliving on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. A clinical and diagnostic examination of workers — electric and gas welders working at the enterprises of the republic was carried out. Theinfluence of harmful production factors is considered: chemical, physical and the severity of the labor process. Diseases of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems, diseases of the circulatorysystem, respiratory organs, and sensorineural hearing loss with signs of noise exposure were identified. Reliable changes in laboratory parameters were diagnosed depending on the length ofservice and the duration of contact with production factors. It is necessary to carry out dispensary observation of this category of workers with the development and justification of individual medical and preventive measures.
Niğde'de Çalışan Annelerin İş - Aile Yaşamı: Sosyolojik Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Onat Özlem , Kalaycı Hakkı
Published: April 2024

Araştırma, iş gücüne katılan annelerin ev dışında aktif rol almasının aile dinamikleri ve iş yaşamına etkilerini sosyolojik bir perspektifle incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu araştırma, fenomenolojik yaklaşıma dayalı nitel bir araştırma olarak tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında örneklem olarak Niğde ilinde en az 2 yıl süreyle çalışma hayatında bulunmuş 15 anne seçilmiştir. Katılımcıların aile ve iş yaşamlarıyla ilgili düşünceleri, yarı yapılandırılmış 18 sorudan oluşan görüşme formu aracılığıyla anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular temel temalar etrafında belirlenmiştir. Bu temalar üzerine yoğunlaşan betimsel analizler gerçekleştirilmiş ve veri analizi kod açma yöntemi kullanılarak anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Ortak örüntülerin belirlenmesiyle sonuçlar çıkarılmıştır. Bulgular, kamu sektöründe çalışan annelerin iş hayatında karşılaştığı zorlukları ve duygusal deneyimleri açık bir şekilde ortaya koymuştur. Araştırmanın öne çıkan sonuçları arasında iş hayatında olan annelerin çocuklarıyla yeterli zaman geçirememesi, iş yerinde izin taleplerinde yaşadıkları güçlükler ve devlet politikalarının geliştirilme ihtiyacı bulunmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, çalışan annelerin iş hayatını dengelemek zorunda olduklarını ve çeşitli zorluklarla karşılaştıklarını açıkça göstermektedir.
Comparing the outcomes and costs of cardiac monitoring with implantable loop recorders and mobile cardiac outpatient telemetry following stroke using real-world evidence
Authors: Norlock Vincent , Vazquez Reynaldo , Dunn Alexandria , Siegfried Christian , Wadhwa Manish , Medic Goran
Published: April 2024

Aim:
Patients with ischemic stroke (IS) commonly undergo monitoring to identify atrial fibrillation with mobile cardiac outpatient telemetry (MCOT) or implantable loop recorders (ILRs). The authors compared readmission, healthcare cost and survival in patients monitored post-stroke with either MCOT or ILR.
Materials & methods:
The authors used claims data from Optum's de-identified Clinformatics
®
Data Mart Database to identify patients with IS hospitalized from January 2017 to December 2020 who were prescribed ambulatory cardiac monitoring via MCOT or ILR. They compared the costs associated with the initial inpatient visit as well as the rate and causes of readmission, survival and healthcare costs over the following 18 months. Datasets were balanced using patient baseline and hospitalization characteristics. Multivariable generalized linear gamma regression was used for cost comparisons. Cox proportional hazard regression was used for survival and readmission analysis. Sub-cohorts were analyzed based on the severity of the index IS.
Results:
In 2244 patients, readmissions were significantly lower in the MCOT monitored group (30.2%) compared with the ILR group (35.4%) (hazard ratio [HR] 1.23; 95% CI: 1.04–1.46). Average cost over 18 months starting with the index IS was $27,429 (USD) lower in the MCOT group (95% CI: $22,353–$32,633). Survival difference bordered on statistical significance and trended to lower mortality in MCOT (8.9%) versus ILR (11.3%) (HR 1.30; 95% CI: 1:00–1.69), led by significance in patients with complications or comorbidities with the index event (MCOT 7.5%, ILR 11.5%; HR 1.62; 95% CI: 1.11–2.36).
Conclusion:
The use of MCOT versus ILR as the primary monitor following IS was associated with significant decreases in readmission, lower costs for the initial IS and total care over the next 18 months, significantly lower mortality for patients with complications and comorbidities at the index stroke, and a trend toward improved survival across all patients.
Perspective Chapter: Climate Change and Health Inequities
Authors: Johnson Shaneeta , D. Williams Kimberly , Clark Brianna , Stewart Jr Earl , Peyton Clarissa , Johnson Cynthia
Published: April 2024

Climate change poses an imminent danger to health and humanity. Climate change via the drivers of rising temperatures, increasing natural disasters, rising sea levels, and air pollution pose significant challenges for the healthcare system and negatively impact patient health. These health risks include increased temperature-related morbidity and mortality, air-pollution-related health effects, and frailty due to respiratory and cardiovascular impacts from heat and weather events. Increased adverse birth outcomes have also been associated with climate change. Urbanization, exposure to increased heat levels, and exposure to increased natural disasters and extreme weather events also lead to higher levels of injury and mortality, increased health system trauma burden, and increased demand on the healthcare system’s capacity. While all populations are impacted by climate change, vulnerable populations are disproportionately at risk. The impact on global health will be tremendous unless significant action is taken to reduce carbon emissions and curtail climate change.
Robust Quantum Algorithms for Early Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing
Authors: Kshirsagar Rutuja
Published: April 2024

Current quantum computing research is divided into two eras: near-term intermediate scaling quantum (NISQ) and fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). There is a significant gap in these both in terms of hardware and algorithms. An important question is “how to transition from NISQ to FTQC”? Some research looks at an intermediate third era of quantum computing, sometimes referred to as “early” fault-tolerant quantum computing (EFTQC). The idea is to establish a trade-off between hardware and algorithmic parameters such that we have limited size circuits, albeit large enough to allow some amount of error-correction at the cost of more number of samples and increased run-time. This also requires adjustment to algorithms for various tasks. One way to do this is to allow the algorithm to tolerate some level of noise in the input. These algorithms are called “robust” quantum algorithms. In this chapter, we will understand what EFTQC means and how we can distinguish between the three eras of quantum computing. Furthermore, we will look at the ideas behind algorithms suitable for EFTQC devices. Lastly, we will look at two examples of robust quantum algorithms for the task of quantum phase estimation.
Invasive and Non-Invasive Methods of Diagnosing H. pylori Infection: A Review of Current Practice
Authors: Fontenot Taylor , E. Barber Annabel
Published: April 2024

H. pylori infection can be diagnosed using both noninvasive and invasive methods. There is no one gold standard test that is used for diagnosis. Invasive methods of diagnosis involve endoscopy with biopsy, histologic examination, culture, and rapid urease testing. There are certain clinical situations that are appropriate for noninvasive testing and invasive testing. Choosing the appropriate method of diagnosis is dependent upon multiple factors including pretest probability of Infection as well as cost-effectiveness and availability. The aim of this chapter is to discuss the current options of diagnosis, when invasive testing is indicated, and the interpretation of the results obtained.
Removal Efficiency of Phenolic Compounds (Bisphenol A and Pentachlorophenol) by Adsorption Using a Bentonite-CTAB
Authors: Hadoudi Nouhaila , Ahari M’hamed , Zaki Najlae , Charki Asmae , El Ouarghi Hossain , Bayoussef Ayoub , Mansori Mohammed , Fouad Mourabit , Salhi Amin , Amhamdi Hassan
Published: April 2024

Bentonite clay modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) has been investigated as an effective adsorbent for the removal of bisphenol A (BPA) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption performance of Bentonite-CTAB was evaluated by conducting batch adsorption experiments under different conditions. The adsorption isotherms of BPA and PCP on Bentonite-CTAB (BT-CTAB) were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The Langmuir model provided a better fit to the experimental data, suggesting the presence of monolayer adsorption. The adsorption kinetics of BPA and PCP on Bentonite-CTAB were studied using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The results indicate that the adsorption process follows pseudo-second-order kinetics, suggesting that the adsorption is controlled principally by chemisorption. Equilibrium time for both pollutants was achieved within 30–40 min. The results of adsorption studies indicated that Bentonite-CTAB exhibited excellent adsorption capacity for bisphenol A and pentachlorophenol. The high surface area and presence of active sites on Bentonite-CTAB favored adsorption of pollutants from aqueous solution. The adsorption process adopted pseudo-second-order kinetics, indicating the involvement of chemisorption. the adsorption isotherms of BPA and PCP on Bentonite-CTAB were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The Langmuir model provided a better fit to the data, suggesting monolayer adsorption.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Consumer Psychology: A Competitive Advantage
Authors: Tafseer Zahra Syeda , Bibi Erum , Sikandar Asma , Tufail Humera , Ghazal Wajiha , Gillani Zohaib
Published: April 2024

In this post-COVID era, consumer presence is felt more than ever, especially in the corporate world. Consumers should embrace the more positive and distinctive identity of a company that engages in corporate social responsibility, which bound companies to focus more on their moral, ethical, and social obligations beyond their economic interests. Consumers are more likely to act favorably toward a company that has acted to benefit its customers as opposed to just delivering quality products. Recent research finds that CSR can reduce anger and negative word-of-mouth following service failures and increase behavioral loyalty along with a favorable attitude and intrinsic motivation to facilitate the brand. These findings suggest the role of company involvement (donating funds, providing/developing corporate capabilities), and their precise structure, such as cause-related marketing, corporate social marketing, corporate philanthropy, and socially responsible business practices, are required. In this chapter, we will try to understand the impact of CSR on consumer behavior. Also explore the science of consumerism by exploring the key areas of consumer psychology and its relationship with the perceived corporate value, trust, and commitment, which, in turn, results in an increase in satisfaction, loyalty, and consumer well-being.
Innovative Adaptive Imaged Based Visual Servoing Control of 6 DoFs Industrial Robot Manipulators
Authors: Li Rongfei , F. Assadian Francis
Published: April 2024

Image-based visual servoing (IBVS) methods have been well developed and used in many applications, especially in pose (position and orientation) alignment. However, most research papers focused on developing control solutions when 3D point features can be detected inside the field of view. This work proposes an innovative feedforward-feedback adaptive control algorithm structure with the Youla parameterization method. A designed feature estimation loop ensures stable and fast motion control when point features are outside the field of view. As 3D point features move inside the field of view, the IBVS feedback loop preserves the precision of the pose at the end of the control period. Also, an adaptive controller is developed in the feedback loop to stabilize the system in the entire range of operations. The nonlinear camera and robot manipulator model is linearized and decoupled online by an adaptive algorithm. The adaptive controller is then computed based on the linearized model evaluated at current linearized point. The proposed solution is robust and easy to implement in different industrial robotic systems. Various scenarios are used in simulations to validate the effectiveness and robust performance of the proposed controller.
Intestinal Tapeworm (Cestode)
Authors: Abshir Mahamed Samatar
Published: April 2024

Adult tapeworms, known as cestodes, reside in the small intestine where they feed off the host’s food. They are attached to the intestinal wall by a structure called the scolex, which is connected to a chain of segments known as proglottids that make up the strobila. Each proglottid contains both male and female reproductive systems and are categorized as immature, mature, or gravid based on their stage of development. Gravid proglottids are found at the end of the strobila and contain a fully developed uterus filled with eggs, which is often used for identification purposes. The eggs and the scolex can also be used to identify the specific species of the tapeworm. Cestodes have complex life cycles that involve intermediate and definitive hosts. In some cases, humans can be the definitive hosts with adult worms living in the intestine (Diphyllobothrium latum, Taenia saginata, Hymenolepis diminuta, and Dipylidium caninum), while in other cases humans can serve as both the definitive and intermediate hosts (T. solium and H. nana). Tapeworms have been documented as far back as 1500 BC and are among the oldest known human parasites. The prevalence of human intestinal tapeworms is not well understood, but it is estimated that millions of people are infected with various species of tapeworms. While the presence of adult tapeworms in the intestine is not typically life threatening, infection with larval tapeworms can be serious and potentially fatal.
Pedagogical Problem of Professional Development of a Teacher of a Higher Educational Institution in the War Conditions
Authors: Fedyna-Darmokhval Volodymyra
Published: April 2024

The system of higher education is undergoing renewal aimed at the internationalization of higher education and the cultural integration of teachers from different countries, at improving the quality of higher education according to the international educational standards. The integration of higher education of Ukraine into the global educational space determines the development of international exchange, namely academic mobility in the system of higher education. Every year, academic mobility expands the number of participants, both at the expense of domestic and foreign institutions of higher education. Academic mobility is one of the most important aspects of the process of integration of Ukrainian higher educational institutions into the international educational space. Academic mobility is important for the personal and professional development of a teacher, as it puts him in the conditions of analyzing and solving life situations. This contributes to the development of the ability to think, compare; the ability to choose ways of interaction taking into account the peculiarities of another culture; and the readiness for intercultural communication. The participation of teachers in academic mobility programs gives them the opportunity to improve their own qualifications, develop professionally, familiarize themselves with teaching methods at universities abroad, and develop personal and professional potential.
Cellular Processes and Synaptic Interactions in Nuclei of the Amygdala
Authors: Heinbockel Thomas
Published: April 2024

The amygdala is a core structure of the limbic system in the brain. Anatomically, the amygdaloid complex comprises ~13 nuclei in the mid-temporal lobe. The amygdaloid complex is important for regulating emotional behavior, anxiety, fear, learning and memory. It is involved in several neurological disorders such as post-traumatic stress syndrome, depression, and temporal lobe epilepsy. The lateral nucleus of the amygdala is the main sensory input station of the amygdala and receives sensory information from cortical and subcortical (thalamic) fields. Thalamic afferents project to the lateral amygdala medially from the internal capsule, whereas cortical afferents arrive from the internal capsule. These two input pathways converge on populations of principal neurons and interneurons, both of which can be identified by characteristic electrophysiological, neurochemical, and morphological properties. Pressing issues for our understanding of the organization and operation of the amygdala are the functional significance of modulatory inputs from various signaling systems and the plasticity of its synaptic circuitry in relation to its pathway-specific inputs. This chapter reviews progress in this regard as far as cellular processes and synaptic interactions in nuclei of the amygdala are concerned which will help with our understanding of neural mechanisms underlying fear, anxiety, and related clinical disorders.
Mathematical Model for the Quantification of Pulmonary and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses Blood Flow
Authors: Vanni Rosalba
Published: April 2024

Blood flow quantification through intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses (IPAVA) is vital because IPAVA blood flow (QIPAVA) prevents gas exchange and can provide a pathway for emboli to bypass the pulmonary microcirculation and provoke myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attack (TIA), or stroke. Some current techniques allow only an approximate estimate and present technical evaluation difficulties that can compromise the result. To overcome the limitations and obtain an accurate detection of QIPAVA, it is necessary to isolate the fundamental parameters of gas exchange associated with chemical-physical laws that regulate them and develop a specific algebraic model. Therefore, literal equations were elaborated and some experimental data, obtained through noninvasive and easy-to-use methods, were entered. These equations quantified the pulmonary blood flow that permits gas exchange and the one that does not (QIPAVA or generally shunt). Because they are accurate and based on the law of conservation of mass, the use of these equations will allow a general advance in understanding the consequences of QIPAVA on physiological and pathophysiological processes.
Quality Tools, Technologies, and Techniques: Enhancing Product and Service Excellence
Authors: Alrae Rawhi
Published: April 2024

This chapter provides an overview of the significance of Quality Control (QC) and Quality Assurance (QA) in ensuring product and service quality, meeting customer requirements, and achieving organizational objectives. QC involves monitoring and maintaining quality, while QA ensures compliance with specified requirements. The chapter explores various techniques for QC and QA, such as Statistical Process Control (SPC), Six Sigma, Lean Manufacturing/Management, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), Quality Audits, and Inspections, enabling consistent quality, waste reduction, customer satisfaction, and continuous improvement. Additionally, it discusses the applications of computer-aided Quality Control (CAQC) and Quality Assurance (CAQA) technologies in healthcare, manufacturing, service, construction, and food industries, highlighting benefits like real-time monitoring and improved decision-making. Challenges in implementing CAQC and CAQA, including costs and change management, are addressed. Popular techniques and tools in CAQC and CAQA are mentioned, with recommendations for software and tool selection and integration. Future trends in computer-aided Quality Control and Quality Assurance are also explored. Overall, this chapter emphasizes the importance of QC and QA in achieving quality and organizational success across industries.
The Interconnection between Virulence Factors, Biofilm Formation, and Horizontal Gene Transfer in Enterococcus: A Review
Authors: Too Eric , Masila Ednah
Published: April 2024

Bacterial evolution, ecology, and environmental adaptability are all linked processes that facilitate its survival. Enterococci are opportunistic pathogens with an ability to form biofilms during infections and this process is influenced by several virulence factors. The species constitute a substantial group of commensal bacteria and have been found to have a number of virulence factors that are thought to be crucial in aggravating diseases that they cause. These pathogens are essentially resistant to antibiotics and this capability is attributed to their ability to acquire and transfer drug-resistant genes via horizontal gene transfer leading to diverse phenotypes. Enterococci have several virulence factors that confer their resistant nature and they are broadly categorized into two: surface factors that aid with colonization of the host and proteins that are secreted by the pathogen to damage the host tissues. Biofilm formation by enterococci is attributed to its surface components and aggregation substances that aid in the adherence to the host’s surface and hence limiting antibiotic penetration. Bacterial biofilms also contribute to its resistance to antimicrobial drugs and hence posing a challenge in attempts to eradicate the pathogen. Therefore, the interconnection between virulence, biofilm formation, and horizontal gene transfer leads to pathogenesis in enterococci.
Monitoring Indoor Air Quality in Buildings: An Overview of Measuring Devices and Main Challenges for a Correct Operation
Authors: Cirone Daniela , Romano Sabrina , Bruno Roberto , Arcuri Natale
Published: April 2024

This research delves into the foundational elements of thermal comfort, crucial alongside visual comfort, acoustic comfort, and air quality for ensuring the quality and sustainability of living environments. With increasing recognition of thermal comfort’s implications across various human activities, from energy management for efficiency to considerations of environmental impact and economy, its comprehensive understanding is paramount. The study scrutinizes the prevailing methodology of evaluating comfort via true thermal sensation rating, dissecting the involved variables and their relative significance in determining comfort levels. Following this analysis and parameter definition, a comparative assessment of diverse sensors was conducted to gauge measurement accuracy concerning key variables of interest, thereby identifying the most suitable sensor for real-world applications. Conducted at the ENEA research center in Rome, the study executed an experimental setup within one of the center’s offices. Subsequently, reflections were made on the feasibility of providing indoor comfort indications amidst variable data availability, exploring potential simplifications and approximations to streamline comfort index evaluations.
Chloroplast Recycling and Plant Stress Tolerance
Authors: Ahmad Joyia Faiz , Mustafa Ghulam , Sarwar Khan Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Plastids have emerged as pivotal regulators of plant’s response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Chloroplasts have the ability to synthesize a variety of pigments, secondary metabolites, and phytohormones which help plant cells to withstand adverse conditions. Further, plastids communicate with the nucleus and other cellular organelles for the acquisition of essential molecules to survive under unfavorable conditions. They act as environmental sensors which not only synthesize molecules for stress tolerance but also induce nucleus-encoded genes for stress resilience. Senescence is a key developmental process in this context and plays an important role in the release of essential nutrients. Chloroplast proteolytic machinery plays a crucial role in the degradation or remodeling of plastid proteins resulting in the generation of numerous endogenous peptides which are present in the plant secretome. Plastid chaperone system is also activated for the repair/refold of damaged proteins resulting in improved tolerance to stresses. Autophagy is a conserved process that involves large-scale breakdown of chloroplast through piecemeal degradation and chlorophagy. The piecemeal degradation occurs through Rubisco-containing bodies (RCBs) and senescence-associated vacuoles (SAVs), whereas chlorophagy targets chloroplasts as a whole. Though information about chloroplast recycling is limited, the present work provides a comprehensive review on chloroplast recycling and its role in stress mitigation and adaptation in climate change scenarios.
Secure Vehicular Networking: Architectures, Applications, Attacks, and Challenges
Authors: Ouaissa Mariyam , Ouaissa Mariya , Boulouard Zakaria
Published: April 2024

The rapid advancement in technology has significantly impacted the field of communication, particularly with the evolution of wireless technology. Among these developments, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications have emerged as a pivotal technology for intelligent transportation systems (ITS). This innovation facilitates a network wherein vehicles communicate with each other and their surroundings, sharing vital information about traffic conditions and potential hazards. This network is instrumental in enhancing traffic management through route optimization and congestion control, while also enriching passenger experience with on-board infotainment options. Designed with a focus on road safety and passenger comfort, V2X networks are equipped with advanced on-board sensors capable of detecting various scenarios such as road accidents, traffic congestions, and other obstacles. This chapter delves into the intricate details of vehicular communications, exploring their architectures, characteristics, applications, and governing standards. Furthermore, it elucidates the concept of communication security within these networks, outlining the existing models of attackers, classifications of attacks, and fundamental security mechanisms. The comprehensive overview aims to shed light on the critical aspects of securing vehicular networks in the ever-evolving landscape of communication technology.
The Concept of Electronic Pensioner in Some Countries Versus Romania
Authors:   Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Frătică-Dragomir Alina Mihaela
Published: April 2024

We aim to introduce the concept of e-pensioner (EP) with the intention of having this term used as a document within the European Union’s strategy on Artificial Intelligence (AI) for the period 2023-2027 and after implemented into the legislation of member countries. The relationship between older generations and emerging forms of digitalization and artificial intelligence is the focal point, aiming to provide an easily approachable dimension for pensioners. This article presents an analytical framework and approaches for integrating pensioners into the digital era. Following the exposition of theoretical foundations, the article delineates the use of pensioner cards in select countries worldwide. The intersection of pensioners with the digital era proves to be a fertile entry point for examining regulatory ordinances in the digital realm. A novel digital form, the AI-based digital portal, involves a technique of facial authentication for pensioners to send digital life certificates. Two key factors are named across all examined countries. The primary driver of digital transformation is propelled by the desire to enhance the efficiency and efficacy of public administration, which becomes particularly crucial as populations age, leading to increased demand for social services and competition for limited resources in the developed public sector. The innovative application of technology presents opportunities for streamlining processes, enhancing productivity, and reducing costs while concurrently improving service quality. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the management and administration of public pension funds stands for a natural progression of technology in the public domain. In an environment characterized by complexity and volatility, AI can provide a level of analysis and prediction that exceeds human ability. Presently, there exists a wide array of AI-powered tools for object detection, natural language processing, understanding and inference, optical character recognition, predictive analytics, anomaly detection, noise elimination, model forecasting, recommendation systems, and monitoring and observability.
Sosialisasi Nilai Pancasila Melalui Konten Kreatif Bagi Remaja Desa Bono Sebagai Implementasi Desa Penggerak Pancasila Program UNNES Giat 7
Authors: Rusdi Fahriansyah Adam , Adelia D ⁠Attila , Harya Bagus , Hosana Carol , Rahma Angkasa ⁠Gamas
Published: April 2024

Pancasila, sebagai dasar negara Indonesia, mengalami tantangan dalam kehidupan bernegara seiring perkembangan teknologi dan pengaruh budaya luar. Generasi "Z" atau kaum muda cenderung terpengaruh oleh budaya asing yang mungkin bertentangan dengan karakteristik Pancasila. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan reintroduksi Pancasila dengan pendekatan kreatif yang sesuai dengan gaya dan minat generasi "Z". Konten kreatif Pancasila bertujuan agar dapat menjadi wadah pelatihan yang tepat bagi generasi muda. Desa Bono merupakan salah satu desa yang mendapatkan pelatihan konten kreatif Pancasila melalui program Mahasiswa/I UNNES GIAT 7. Metode yang diterapkan berupa observasi, wawancara serta analisis deskriptif untuk membantu terjalannya program pelatihan konten kreatif Pancasila. Melalui twibbon Pancasila yang dihasilkan, peserta diharapkan dapat memahami dan menginternalisasi nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dan di media sosial. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan sosialisasi berhasil meningkatkan kesadaran generasi muda akan pentingnya nilai-nilai Pancasila. Twibbon bertema Pancasila diharapkan dapat menjadi alat yang efektif untuk memperkuat ideologi dan karakter bangsa Indonesia, khususnya di era digital ini. Dengan fokus pada remaja, twibbon dapat menjadi sarana untuk membentuk generasi yang memiliki integritas moral, cinta tanah air, dan semangat kebersamaan, membawa harapan untuk menciptakan masa depan Indonesia yang harmonis dan berdaya saing.
A Comprehensive Approach to Safeguard Credit Card Transactions and Fraud Prevention
Authors:   Department of Computer Application, University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Kumar Manish , Kumari Sushma , Kumar Rinku , Kumar Ajit , Banerjee Somnath , Bhattacharjee Kaustuv , Das Anirban
Published: April 2024

The escalating prevalence of financial fraud within the financial sector poses profound challenges. Detecting credit card fraud in online transactions necessitates data mining due to inherent complexities. Addressing two key issues—evolving patterns in legitimate and fraudulent behaviors and highly skewed datasets of credit card frauds—renders the task challenging. This paper scrutinizes the performance of naive Bayes, KNN, and logistic regression on significantly imbalanced credit card fraud data comprising 284,807 transactions from European cardholders. The dataset's skewness is addressed through a hybrid under-sampling and oversampling approach. The three techniques are applied to both unprocessed and preprocessed data. Fraud detection, defined as a set of activities thwarting illicit acquisition of assets or funds through deceptive means, varies across industries and methods. Credit card fraud, particularly susceptible due to its ease and prevalence in e-commerce and online platforms, prompted the adoption of diverse machine learning strategies to combat rising fraud rates. This paper employs machine learning algorithms for credit card fraud detection, utilizing a publicly available credit card dataset for model evaluation. While acknowledging that achieving 100% accuracy in fraud detection is elusive, the paper emphasizes the real-world applicability of its findings through the analysis of credit card data from a financial institution. In addition to assessing model efficacy, the study introduces noise into the data samples to evaluate algorithm robustness. Experimental outcomes underscore the effectiveness of the majority voting method, achieving commendable accuracy rates in detecting credit card fraud cases. The study sheds light on the pressing issue of credit card fraud, emphasizing the importance of deploying robust machine learning approaches for timely and accurate detection in real-world scenarios.
A Comprehensive Study to Build Immersive Virtual Reality-Powered Language Learning
Authors:   Department Of Computer Application, University Of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Baidya Soumyadeep , Ghosh Poulami , Mukherjee Aparajita , Bhattacharjee Kaustuv , Das Anirban
Published: April 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of education technology, this project explores the integration of Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) to revolutionize language learning experiences. Leveraging the power of virtual reality, this innovative approach aims to provide a dynamic and immersive language acquisition platform that transcends traditional methods. The project focuses on creating a virtual environment where language learners can engage with authentic scenarios, fostering practical language application and cultural understanding. Users will navigate through lifelike settings, interact with virtual native speakers, and participate in real-world conversations, thus enhancing their linguistic proficiency in a contextualized manner. Key features include personalized learning paths, adaptive challenges, and gamified elements to sustain user motivation and accommodate diverse learning styles. The incorporation of artificial intelligence ensures tailored feedback, tracking individual progress, and dynamically adjusting the learning curriculum to suit each user's proficiency level. The virtual reality language learning experience is designed to be accessible and user-friendly, catering to a broad demographic. Emphasis is placed on creating a sense of presence and cultural immersion, allowing learners to develop language skills in an environment that mirrors real-life scenarios. Through a combination of cutting-edge virtual reality technology, linguistic expertise, and pedagogical principles, this project aspires to redefine language education. The research and development aim to assess the efficacy of this immersive approach, comparing learning outcomes with traditional methods, with a vision to contribute to the ongoing discourse on the future of education technology and language acquisition.
Hydro Sight: Groundwater Prospector
Authors:   Department of Computer Application, University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Khan Sharmi , Khan Piya , Bhattacharyya Suryadipta , Kundu Palash , Biswas Ankur , Ghosh Poulami , Bhattacharjee Kaustuv , Das Anirban
Published: April 2024

Access to groundwater is crucial for the sustenance of communities, particularly in key regions of West Bengal such as Midnapore, Birbhum, Purulia, and other areas. A significant portion of the population relies heavily on groundwater for various essential needs, including drinking water and daily chores. Hydro Sight is a project aimed at revolutionizing groundwater prospecting using data analysis techniques. Our initiative leverages data provided by the State Water Investigation Directorate (SWID), Government of West Bengal. Using machine learning techniques, we will generate compelling visual representations of data. Hydro Sight isn't just about technology; it's about working together to solve a real-time problem.
Wind Chat: Robust & Dynamic Flutter Messaging Application
Authors:   Department of Computer Application, University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Pan Sayak , Baranwal Tushar , Roy Triparna , Ghosh Poulami , Bhattacharjee Kaustuv , Das Anirban
Published: April 2024

"Wind Chat" is an Android messaging application developed using Flutter and Google Firebase. It enables users to sign in with their Gmail accounts, send friend requests, and engage in real-time messaging. It is a robust messaging application developed using cutting-edge technologies - Flutter and Google Firebase. Flutter, an open-source UI software development toolkit, allows for the creation of natively compiled applications for mobile, web, and desktop from a single codebase. Its expressive and flexible framework ensures a seamless user experience across various platforms. Complementing Flutter, Google Firebase serves as the backend infrastructure, providing a suite of powerful tools for authentication, real-time database management, and cloud storage. Firebase Authentication ensures secure user sign-ins through various methods, while Firebase Real time Database facilitates dynamic and synchronized data updates in real-time. Additionally, Firebase Cloud Storage caters to the reliable storage of multimedia content, a pivotal aspect of Wind Chat's functionality. This integration ensures secure and efficient user authentication and authorization, while also enabling dynamic and responsive data handling, critical for a real-time messaging application like Wind Chat. The combination of Flutter and Firebase empowers "Wind Chat" with a compelling and dynamic user interface, ensuring fluid navigation and an intuitive messaging experience. This fusion of innovative technologies underpins Wind Chat's ability to deliver a feature-rich and user-centric platform for seamless communication.