bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating plasma discharge characteristics using current voltage measurement
Authors: Mahardhika Yan , Anwar Miftahul , Saraswati Teguh E. , Adriyanto Feri , Chico Hermanu B.A. , Anjarwati Lia , Fadhilah Ramanda
Published: March 2021

Plasma technology is one of the technologies that can help in various sectors. The development of research on plasma technology has several benefits, for instance to process certain materials or produce some nanomaterials in an industrial sector, to treat more waste in an environmental sector, to purify drinking water in a food sector, and various other sectors. This study is to observe characteristics of current and voltage on plasma discharge using 15 kV Boost Inverter device as a source of plasma generation and to find the energy needed or consumed in plasma discharge events between two electrodes. For measurement, current and voltage sensors are installed simultaneously on each side to measure the real-time value during plasma discharge events. Mathematical calculations are also carried out to identify the value of electric power and energy. As a result, based on secondary current values, the type of plasma release can be considered as corona plasma type, since the value reaches the order of microamperes (10−6 A) with several visible physical features. Based on calculations, the electrical power needed to produce plasma is in the range of 8.77 × 10−5 to 2.36 Watt, with an average consumption value of ± 0.43 Watt per second. For the value of electrical energy produced has the largest value which reaches a value ± 6.78 × 10−5 Joule with an average energy used per second of ± 6.72 × 10−6 Joules per second.
Integrating motion capture in a virtual reality intervention planning platform to study radiation protection measures for the ATLAS inner detector decommissioning
Authors: Cryer A. , Kapellmann-Zafra G. , Marin-Reyes H. , Lohwasser K. , Steel A. , Veale K. , Jaekel M.
Published: March 2021

An intervention planning and evaluation platform has been developed to enable dose estimation and personnel training for the ATLAS inner detector decommissioning. The present paper describes the integration of motion capture into the system, including the dose estimation results for the recorded decommissioning steps.
Modelling and Simulation of Water Pollution Diffusion with Seasonal Unsteady Input Flows: A Case Study from China
Authors: Chen Rui , Xu Zhongwen
Published: March 2021

Because of its threats to public health and the ecology, water pollution is now recognized as one of the most crucial problems facing the environment, the main source of which is industrial waste. This paper examined the diffusion principle when industrial production activities are irregular and the input flows into the river are unsteady. Under a one-point pollution source with an unsteady input flow assumption, a one-dimensional diffusion model was developed that has an initial parabolic flow condition, for which a Jacobian-matrix-based finite-difference solution method was proposed. Finally, various practical scenarios were simulated, such as varying river flow velocities and degradation coefficients, to address the severe water pollution in the Tuojiang River Basin in the upper Yangtze River Basin in China, from which several useful managerial implications were elucidated to address complex real-life scenarios.
Study on The Relationship Between Silt Density Index and Turbidity in Wastewater Membrane Treatment
Authors: Guo Zhibin , Du Xiaolin
Published: March 2021

With the development of the city, the problem of wastewater is becoming more and more serious. In wastewater treatment, membrane treatment technology is becoming more and more mature. In membrane treatment technology, the SDI value of filtered water is a key indicator to show the treatment capacity, which has a great relationship with the turbidity of sewage. In this paper, the relationship between turbidity and SDI of effluent was studied in the same membrane treatment.
Characteristics and sustainability of land salinization and utilization in the Yellow River Delta
Authors: Wang Jiafan , Gao Mingxiu , Xu Zexin , Xie Xiaoxin , Li Ruiyan , Wang Hongjia
Published: March 2021

It is of great significance to strengthen the research on the relationship between land use/cover and environmental sustainable development. Taking Hekou District in the Yellow River Delta as an example, based on “3S” technology, using the methods of field investigation, sampling test and statistical analysis, combining remote sensing classification with spatial interpolation, the land information is accurately extracted, and the land salinization and utilization characteristics and their matching relationship are analyzed. The spatial characteristics of land use in Hekou District are obvious. Cultivated land is concentrated in the southwest and southeast, a little in the middle. Aquaculture water surface and saline wasteland are concentrated in the northeast and northwest coastal area. Construction land is concentrated in the south, and salt pan fields are mainly distributed in the northwest. The spatial distribution of soil salinization in Hekou District increased from southwest to east and north in spring, showing strong variability. The spatial distribution and quantity of land use and salinization are in the relationship of "overall matching and partial mismatch". Land use should be adjusted according to the characteristics of salinization and land demand. Hekou District should strengthen the protection of cultivated land, develop characteristic gardens and animal husbandry, explore the multi-functional utilization of saline land resources, and promote regional ecological improvement and sustainable development.
Research on the Impact of Economic Growth of the Northeastern Old Industrial Base on Environmental Pollution-Taking Liaoning Province as an Example
Authors: Lei Pang
Published: March 2021

This paper takes the impact of economic growth on environmental pollution in Liaoning Province as the research object. After analyzing the status quo of economic growth and environmental pollution in Liaoning Province, four environmental pollution indicators (industrial wastewater discharge, industrial waste gas emissions, industrial sulfur dioxide emissions, and industrial dust emissions) and an economic growth indicator (per capita GDP) are selected. After an economic model is established to focus on the real impact of Liaoning’s economic growth on environmental pollution, it is found that the impact of Liaoning’s economic growth on environmental pollution does not conform to the traditional Environmental Kuznets Curve. Through analysis, it is concluded that economic growth has affected the four environmental indicators to varying degrees. Among them, industrial wastewater discharge, industrial sulfur dioxide emissions, and industrial dust emissions drop after rising, and industrial dust emissions have been on the rise all the time. Considering the realities and characteristics of Liaoning Province, the author has proposed five countermeasures and suggestions for coordinating the relationship between economic growth and environmental protection in Liaoning Province, which are, optimize the industrial structure to promote economic development in the direction of environmental protection; focus on pollution prevention to take a new road to industrialization of circular economy; tap the full potential of market mechanism to realize the innovation of environmental protection system; actively promote the application of low-carbon energy to increase its proportion in total energy consumption; increase investment in environmental protection to improve investment structure and efficiency of environmental protection.
Characteristics of biochar and its role in the remediation of heavy metals in soil
Authors: Zhang Zuozhe
Published: March 2021

With the increasing threat of soil heavy metal pollution to the quality of agricultural products and human health, biochar has been widely studied as a substance that can effectively adsorb heavy metals. This study reviewed the preparation of biochar as well as its types and properties and discussed the role and potential risks of biochar in the remediation of heavy metals in soil. Heavy metal pollution in the soil mainly comes from industrial pollution discharge, good drainage, the usage of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other illegal applications, and it has great influence on plants, human health and soil environment. Biochar can not only adsorb heavy metals in the soil effectively, but also keep the soil fertile and improve crop yields. In addition, different properties of biochar are controlled by different raw materials and production conditions, such as pH, specific surface area and cation exchange capacity. These properties also determine their different interaction mechanisms. The direct effects mainly include complexation, reduction, ion exchange, electrostatic attraction and precipitation, while the brief effects affect the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in soil. The risk of biochar application that provides the basis for the production and utilization of biochar in the future was also discussed in the end.
Land use assessment using indices of heavy metal contamination in soils from intensive agricultural areas
Authors: Sun Qian , Qi Wei , Jiang Wenhui
Published: March 2021

Soil contamination by heavy metals is often caused by industrial and agricultural activities, which directly affects environment quality and food safety, especially for farmlands. To develop indicators for making proper decisions regarding land use, the Soil Heavy Metal Contamination Evaluation System including the Single Pollution Index (Pi), the Nemerow Pollution Index (PINemerow), the Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI), and the Contamination Severity Index (CSI) was developed using data from 499 samples collected from an area of 2017 km2. A risk assessment zoning solution based on PPRC (the Soil Heavy Metal Contamination Evaluation System including Pi, PINemerow, RI and CSI) was proposed, and the study area was mapped for four risk assessment zones as follows: no risk zone, very low risk zone, low risk zone, and intermediate risk zone. Four land use strategies (priority protection, protection, comprehensive monitoring, and warning and control) were proposed. Generally, the risk assessment zoning solution based on PPRC-defined minimizes the potential ecological risk to the land for the scientific evaluation of heavy metal pollution in areas of intensive agricultural activity.
Study on sedimentary characteristics of warping dam under different silting states in Chabagou watershed
Authors: Li Ma , YongXin Ni , XiZhi Lv , QiuFen Zhang , Nan Liu Lin
Published: March 2021

It is the premise and foundation of the study on the laws of sediment transport and deposition to deeply analyze the sedimentary characteristics of warping dams in different siltation states under rainstorm conditions. Taking Chabagou basin as the research area, based on the sediment deposition information of different types of warping dams in the basin, linear regression and correlation analysis were used to analyze the characteristics of dam deposition under different silting conditions in Chabagou basin. The results show that: (1) The maximum sediment depth and average sediment depth of warping dams under different sediment conditions are as follows: blocking dam > waterlogging dam > intact dam > full dam; (2) The sediment depth of warping dams under different sediment conditions has an exponential negative correlation with the ratio of dam field to dam-controlled watershed area, and the correlation coefficient of blocking dam is best(0.7267); (3) Warping dams average modulus of intercepting sediment with different siltation types is as follows: blocking dam 14274 t/km2, intact dam 12480 t/km2, waterlogging dam 11725 t/km2, full dam 3350 t/km2.
Judicial Application of Environmental Pollution Crime in the Soil Field of China: An Empirical Analysis of 103 Judgements
Authors: Li Kexuan
Published: March 2021

To clarify the judicial practice of environmental pollution crime in the field of soil, this article will combine the research of environmental criminal law and soil field, and allow a method of empirical analysis for cases of environmental pollution crime in the soil field through categorical integration. Results showed that environmental pollution crime of soil field was mainly committed by the natural person; the term of fixed-term imprisonment and the amount of criminal fine were low; the defendant had a good attitude to plead guilty; the application of penal auxiliary measures was mainly focused on confiscatory auxiliary measures.
Study on the effect of equivalence ratio on laminar combustion velocity of ABE with different component contents
Authors: Jinying Xiong , Yingzhe Hou , Qiguan Cui , Yiwen Liu
Published: March 2021

Through the methods of spherical propagation flame test and one-dimensional planar flame numerical simulation, the combustion characteristics of premixed laminar flow of acetone-n-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fuel with different volume ratios at 0.1MPa and 298K were studied. The results show that with the increase of the equivalence ratio, the laminar combustion velocity of the ABE mixture with different component contents increases first and then decreases, and the maximum value was obtained near the equivalence ratio of 1.1.
Application of graphene and its compounds in pretreatment of environmental samples
Authors: Zheng Xiaoyu , Zhao Yanbiao , Wenwu  , Zheng Hui , Gao Lisheng
Published: March 2021

Due to its large surface area, good mechanism strength and thermal stability, graphene is recognized as an ideal extractant of organic matters, especially aromatics and has been widely used in pretreatment of environmental samples, such as in solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid phase microextraction (SPME) and dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE). Modifying the graphene with three-dimensional aerogel and compounds can improve its extraction performance. Graphene can extract organics because of the delocalized π bond, its hydrophobicity, electrostatic interaction and the hydrogen bond, and its extraction performance differs as the conditions vary. In particular, the pH value, the ionic strength, the extraction temperature and time, the eluant, the desorption temperature and time have significant impacts on the extraction results. In this paper, we analyzed the impacts of these factors from the mechanism perspective, with a vision to provide a theoretical basis for application of graphene and its compounds in pretreatment of environmental samples.
Numerical Study of Typhoon Resistance of a Floating Wind Turbine
Authors: Zhang Liwei , Qiu Boyuan , Ren Li , Li Xin
Published: March 2021

Numerical model of a floating wind turbine is established by reference to the 5 MW wind turbine of American national renewable energy laboratory (NREL). CFD method and Morison formula are used to calculate the wind and wave load under typhoon conditions. According to the geometric distribution of mooring system, the static extreme tension of the chains is estimated, and a safety factor of 3 is used to determine the nominal diameter of the chains. The nonlinear finite element iterative algorithm is adopted to calculate the initial shape and length of the chains, and then the dynamic response of the structure and tensions of the chains under coupled wind and wave actions are obtained through AQWA. The analysis results show that the floating wind turbine is stable under the action of typhoon and waves, the maximum surge displacement of the spar is 10.9m and the maximum pitch angle is 10.4°, and the maximum tension of the mooring system is smaller than the breaking load.
Finite Element Analysis of Welding Residual Stress in Longdistance Gas Pipeline
Authors: Cheng Yeye , Wang Hehui
Published: March 2021

This paper takes L415 pipeline steel as the research object. The temperature field and stress field of the gas pipeline welding process are numerically simulated by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. Gradient meshing is adopted by the finite element model. The simulation of the welding heat source is realized by the band heat source model, and ANSYS is used to load the heat source in a APDL command program. In the simulation process, the element birth and death technology is used to simulate the generation of weld material, and the material constitutive relationship is a bilinear follow-up strengthening elastoplastic model that changes with temperature. The simulation results show that applying the heat source in the form of heat generation rate with a belt-shaped heat source can realize effective calculation of the residual stress field of multi-layer and multi-pass welding. The calculation results in this paper provide a mechanical reference for pipeline installation and operation.
Influence of polarity and pressure on the SF6 decomposition characteristics under DC voltage
Authors: Wei Jiaqiang , Zhong Lipeng , Gong Shangkun , Tang Bin , Wan Tao , Liu Kai , Hu Xu , Wu Junjie
Published: March 2021

A comparative study of the decomposition characteristic of SF6 under direct voltage with different polarities and pressure was conducted in this paper. The changes of discharge capacity, discharge energy and decomposition product concentrations were observed and analyzed in detail. The results indicate that SF6 decomposition characteristics are closely related to polarity and pressure. Discharge energy and concentrations of decomposition products under positive polarity are obviously higher than those under negative polarity, which can be explained by different discharge energy and distribution characteristic of space charges. Concentrations of typical products including SOF2, SO2F2, and SO2 decrease with the increasing pressure according to the decreasing effective dissociation volume.
Design of Interactive Device on Climate Warming Based on Arduino, an Open-source Hardware
Authors: Chenxuan Guo
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, new media art has flourished as the focus of contemporary art and its creative potential has been greatly unlocked by Arduino, a convenient and fast open-source electronic prototyping platform. It is the application of Arduino that makes artworks more dynamic and appealing, so it is easier for viewers to resonate with the emotions that the artworks convey. Moreover, as the relationship between human society and the ecological environment has become increasingly closer, environmental issues have sparked heated discussions, in which designers and artists also participate with their unique artistic language. The device, “City Countdown”, stands as an artistic creation and it is designed in accordance with the reflection on the current global warming and is supported by Arduino, an open-source hardware platform. This artwork intends to achieve the interaction between viewers and itself, so as to guide people to realize the negative impact of human activities on climate change, and to further reflect on the today’s human life.
Distribution, Migration, and Conversion of Groundwater Manganese and Soil Manganese in a Chemical Cluster
Authors: Hao Zang , Fan Yang
Published: March 2021

Taking a chemical cluster as the study area, this paper investigated the spatial distribution of manganese in the groundwater and soil environments and analyzed the changes of manganese content in groundwater over time. The study results show that: the manganese content in groundwater of the cluster is relatively stable over time; however, it shows the charactertistics of aggregation and concentration in scattered spots and local areas on a plane surface; the content of manganese in groundwater is highly correlated with that in the soil enviornment; in groundwater, manganese diffuses along water flows, resulting in a pollution plume, while in the soil environment, it migrates vertically from the shallow soil layer to the deep soil layer and then to the groundwater or directly goes to the groundwater due to the leaching of rainwater; at the same time, the humind environment of the culster, a low pH value, intense reduction actions, and the increase of Mn2+ content all make the manganese pollution worse.
Study on the Electrochemical Oxidation of Polycyclic Pollutants
Authors: Yan Tingchun , Geng Yan , Wang Manning , Li Songhe , Quan Yue
Published: March 2021

In this study, electrochemical method was used to treat Rhodamine B (RB) wastewater. This paper discussed the influence of electrolysis time, voltage, electrolyte concentration and wastewater concentration on the decolorization rate of RB. The results showed that when the concentration of RB wastewater was 100.0 mg/L, 1.5 L, cathode was titanium mesh, anode was stainless steel mesh, electrode distance was 3.0 cm, 0.10 mol/L KCl was electrolyte, aeration volume was 1.20 L/min, voltage was 7.0 V, electrolysis time was 30.0 min, decolorization rate was 98.0%; the concentration wastewater was 150.0 mg/L, decolorization rate reached 95.49%.
Emergency Control Strategy for Line Overload Considering Power Source and Load Fluctuation
Authors: Liu Zhiqing , Wang Fei , Qiu Jifu , Chen Fan , Lu Zhipeng , Chen Ming , Niu Qingda , Dong Xiaoming
Published: March 2021

Uncertain factors such as the integration of renewable energy into the grid and load fluctuations have brought more risks to the safe dispatch of the grid. The random power flow is used to calculate the impact of distributed power sources and load fluctuations on the grid, and to quantify the probability distribution of line power, which can avoid the drawbacks of deterministic power flow that cannot fully reflect the line overload risk. Combining the line overload level with the traditional load shedding method can effectively prevent the system from cascading failures caused by the risk of line overload, improve the optimistic calculation results caused by the load shedding strategy in emergency situations that cannot consider source load fluctuations, and make the grid control more safe and reliable.
Study on Influence Characteristics of Natural Gas Leakage in Long-distance Pipelines
Authors: Ding Cui
Published: March 2021

In order to study the diffusion characteristics of leaking natural gas in long-distance pipeline, natural gas leakage model were established and natural gas diffusion was numerically simulated by fluent. The influences of different airflow velocities and leakage apertures on the concentration distribution of natural gas were analyzed. The research shows that airflow velocity promotes the diffusion of natural gas, and the greater the airflow velocity, the wider the diffusion range and distance of natural gas towards the downwind. The larger the leakage apertures, the larger the concentration and diffusion area of natural gas. Airflow velocities and leakage apertures are the key factors affecting the accumulation of natural gas near the surface. In the case of natural gas leakage in long-distance pipelines, people near the leakage hole should be evacuated to the upwind direction to minimize the risk.
A new detection device for decomposition products of insulating gas in electrical equipment
Authors: Fang Chongfeng , Xu Yi , Ma Yao , Peng Bo , Wang Yu , Xia Ji , Chen Jingzhe , Lin Xin
Published: March 2021

In this paper, a multi-functional SF6gas decomposition products comprehensive analysis device is realized by using spectral absorption technology, integrating the existing electrochemical sensor technology, and integrating a variety of detection modules. In this paper, a set of hardware system is researched and implemented, which takes microprocessor as the control core and touch LCD as the human-machine interface to realize the SF6Electrical Equipment multi-functional gas analysis equipment.
Research on Solar-assisted Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion System
Authors: Cui Qixuan
Published: March 2021

At present, the Ocean Thermal Energy has low circulating thermal efficiency and poor power supply stability, so it has not been widely applied. To solve this problem, the combined generation system of ocean temperature difference energy and solar auxiliary heat is proposed. The multi-curved compound trough collector absorbs solar radiation energy, and layers heat exchange and energy storage with heat storage tank using heat conduction oil as medium. Then, the hot water storage and working medium preheated by warm sea water are used for efficient heat exchange in PCHE, so as to improve the system’s power generation efficiency and improve the continuity of power supply. The Solar-assisted Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion System is established by using Aspen Plus. The theoretical calculation and simulation analysis of each part of the system were carried out, and the thermal cycle with R717 as the working medium was determined. With Sansha City of Hainan Province as the background, the design is based on the installed capacity of 130kW solar auxiliary heat ocean temperature difference power generation system to verify the feasibility of the project. The energy management device takes PLC as the core, according to the load demand and the predicted power generation, through the fuzzy PID control strategy to adjust the flow of working medium and cold and hot source, and manage the power generation system. The energy management device effectively solves the intermittent problem of OTEC cycle power generation and the lack of power performance under the condition of sudden increase of power load, and realizes the system’s all-weather stable operation. Based on the traditional form of ocean temperature difference power generation, this system proposes the integration of solar energy efficient heat collection, heat storage and ocean temperature difference energy combined power generation technology, which greatly improves the system power generation efficiency and has high popularization and application value.
Research on Intelligent Prediction and Forecast Model for Construction Period of Transmission and Transformation Engineering Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Xu Jianpei , Tong Jun , Zhao Tielin , Chen Chao
Published: March 2021

The construction period is one of the important control objectives of the construction and management of power transmission and transformation projects. If the construction period is not well controlled, it will lead to the failure of the project, cause disputes between all parties to the construction, and the economic and social benefits of the project cannot be ignored. Negative Effects. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out the research on the construction period prediction method to improve the economic efficiency of the construction of power transmission and transformation projects. Based on the systematic analysis of the factors affecting the construction period of power transmission and transformation projects, this paper constructs an intelligent prediction model for the construction period of power transmission and transformation projects based on BP neural network theory, and verifies the validity and prediction accuracy of the model through empirical analysis. Reasonable control of construction period provides reference and reference.
Cloud detection of multi-feature remote sensing images based on deep learning
Authors: Yao Jiaqi , Zhai Haoran , Wang Guanghui
Published: March 2021

Satellite remote sensing technology provides massive image data for meteorological field, which can accurately extract the spatial distribution of cloud, and can be used to analyze the spatial and temporal changes of cloud. Aiming at the problems that the traditional algorithm is sensitive to noise and has poor recognition effect on broken clouds, a multi-feature remote sensing image cloud detection algorithm based on neural network structure is proposed, which has a good recognition effect on all types of clouds. The experimental results show that the accuracy of cloud detection in this paper reaches 92%, which is about 6% higher than the traditional algorithm, and avoids the disadvantage of the traditional algorithm which is sensitive to noise.
Research on Optimal Allocation of Resources and Improvement of Total Factor Productivity—Taking Shaanxi as an Example
Authors: Jia Nisha , Yang Zhihao
Published: March 2021

Taking Shaanxi province as an example, the panel data of 10 cities in Shaanxi province from 2005 to 2016 were used to explore the influence of factor resource allocation on total factor productivity. The results show that the allocation of factor resources has a positive effect on total factor productivity, that is, the better the allocation of resources, the higher the total factor productivity. The results of regional regression showed that the rationalization of resource allocation in Guanzhong and Northern Shaanxi significantly promoted the local total factor productivity, and the promotion effect of resource allocation in northern Shaanxi was greater than that in Guanzhong.
Spatial-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of NO2 and SO2 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on satellite remote sensing
Authors: Zhai Haoran , Yao Jiaqi , Qi Jianwei , Wang Guanghui , Zhang Tao
Published: March 2021

Air is an indispensable natural resource for all human activities. As an essential trace gas in the atmosphere, high NO2 and SO2 will affect the natural environment and human health. Based on the Ozone Monitoring Instrument’s data, the temporal and spatial distribution of NO2 and SO2 concentrations in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2005 to 2017 was analyzed. Results showed that, on the annual scale, the concentration increased at first and then decreased. On the monthly scale, both of the two had regular fluctuations with annual cycles. The spatial distribution of pollutants was high in the southeast and low in the northwest. By analyzing the influencing factors of pollutants, it was found that environmental conditions are more the periodic fluctuations and spatial distribution differences of image density, and policy-oriented conditions are the main reason for the concentration trend decline in the later period.
On the problems and countermeasures of source classification management of municipal solid waste by local governments
Authors: Qiao Ma Meng , Hua Sun Yan
Published: March 2021

With the rapid development of China’s economy, the level of urbanization is also rising. Due to the continuous expansion of China’s urban scale and the increasing number of urban population, there are also many problems. The increasing amount of urban household garbage aggravates the environmental pollution. Therefore, garbage classification is becoming more and more important. Garbage classification is conducive to improving our quality of life, environmental protection and resource conservation. We must attach importance to the classified management of urban household garbage and do a good job in the classified managementof urban garbage. In urban garbage classification management of local government plays an important role, through the analysis of source of urban living garbage classification work, the garbage classification collection and on the problems existing in the research, puts forward some effective management measures and methods, so as to promote effective development of source of urban living garbage classification management.
Research on Marine Environment Information System
Authors: Huo Jiaxin , Ma Zhiqiang , Peng DianBao
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the current situation of digital ocean environment information system is studied, including the digital ocean environment information system, the digital ocean environment information system and the digital ocean information system. The comprehensive analysis and application of display and management, marine environmental information, and the construction of a more comprehensive and rich marine environment digital earth will form a marine environment information security system suitable for marine power strategy.
Study on management strategy of the on-street parking in Urban Residential Area - Taking Harbin as an Example
Authors: Xiaoyan Zhu , Xiqiao Zhang , Xu Sun
Published: March 2021

On road parking is a necessary supplementary form to solve the urban parking problem, which plays an important part in alleviating the parking demand pressure in residential areas. However, due to the poor management and use of on-road parking, there are problems such as parking confusion and illegal occupation of road resources, which affect the road capacity. Therefore, this paper takes Harbin residential area as an example to explore and explore on-road parking management strategy. Firstly, the status of on-road parking in residential areas is examined, and the deficiencies of on-road parking management in residential areas are analyzed. Referring to advance management experience and mode of on-road parking in residential areas abroad, and combined with the actual parking situation of Harbin residential areas, this paper puts forward the corresponding optimization strategy of on-road parking management.
Research on green development framework of the virtual power plants
Authors: Lei Shaofeng , Liu Zheng , Wang Qingliang , Wang Shengbin , Liu Dunnan , Yan Min , Han Yaxuan
Published: March 2021

In order to accelerate the construction of an internationally-leading energy Internet enterprise with Chinese characteristics, this paper analyses the connotation of the green development of virtual power plants by combing the green development requirements of the energy and electric power industry. In addition, this paper constructs the evaluation index system framework of the green development of virtual power plants and analyses the social benefits of virtual power plants.
Multi-attribute decision making approach for green efficiency of water utilization in Taiyuan
Authors: Ren Lixia , Gong Guoli , Yao Ling
Published: March 2021

The problem of water shortage and pollution exists in Taiyuan. Under the advocacy of the concept of green development, it is necessary to carry out the research on the green efficiency of water utilization (WUGE) from the three-dimensional perspective of “economy environment society”. In this study, the evaluation index system of WUGE was optimized, which consist of 17 attributes. Interval analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the weight of attributes, and multi-attribute decision making approach is used to evaluate the WUGE from 2009 to 2018. The evaluation results show that the comprehensive evaluation value of WUGE in 2018 is the highest.
Seasonal plasticity is more important than population variability in effects on white clover architecture and productivity
Authors: Nölke Isabelle , Tonn Bettina , Isselstein Johannes
Published: March 2021

Background and Aims

The drivers of white clover (Trifolium repens) architecture and productivity are still imperfectly understood. Our aim here was to investigate the impact of genetic background, neighbourhood and season on different architectural traits, clover and total biomass yield, as well as the relationship between those traits and yield.

Methods

We grew eight white clover populations in pure stands and in mixed stands with contrasting mixture partners. Over four consecutive regrowth periods within 1 year, we measured trait sizes and determined clover and total yield amounts.

Key Results

The size of the architectural traits differed between populations and changed in response to neighbourhood and season. Population did not affect the sign or degree of those changes. Among the tested factors, season was by far the most important driver of white clover architecture, with the seasonal pattern notably differing between architectural traits. Clover and total yield were positively related to the architectural traits leaf area, petiole length, internode length and specific leaf area. Whereas the direction of the relationship was widely unaffected, its magnitude was clearly altered by neighbourhood and season.

Conclusions

Our results show that seasonal effects are the key for a deeper understanding of the architecture of white clover individuals and to improve the productivity of white clover communities.
Reusability and composability in process description maps: RAS–RAF–MEK–ERK signalling
Authors: Mazein Alexander , Rougny Adrien , Karr Jonathan R , Saez-Rodriguez Julio , Ostaszewski Marek , Schneider Reinhard
Published: March 2021

Detailed maps of the molecular basis of the disease are powerful tools for interpreting data and building predictive models. Modularity and composability are considered necessary network features for large-scale collaborative efforts to build comprehensive molecular descriptions of disease mechanisms. An effective way to create and manage large systems is to compose multiple subsystems. Composable network components could effectively harness the contributions of many individuals and enable teams to seamlessly assemble many individual components into comprehensive maps. We examine manually built versions of the RAS–RAF–MEK–ERK cascade from the Atlas of Cancer Signalling Network, PANTHER and Reactome databases and review them in terms of their reusability and composability for assembling new disease models. We identify design principles for managing complex systems that could make it easier for investigators to share and reuse network components. We demonstrate the main challenges including incompatible levels of detail and ambiguous representation of complexes and highlight the need to address these challenges.
Reversing complete mechanical transzonal projections disruption during mouse in vitro follicle culture with unaltered oocyte competence
Authors: Herta Anamaria-Cristina , Akin Nazli , Billooye Katy , Saucedo-Cuevas Laura , Lolicato Francesca , Segers Ingrid , Anckaert Ellen , Smitz Johan
Published: March 2021

In vitro oocyte growth is widely studied as an alternative fertility preservation approach. Several animal models are used to generate extensive information on this complex process regulated by the constant and dynamic interaction between the oocyte and its somatic compartment throughout follicle growth and maturation. A two-dimensional attachment mouse secondary follicle culture system was used to assess the oocyte’s capacity to overcome disconnection from its somatic companions at different developmental stages for final competence acquisition. To test this, complete mechanical denudation of oocytes from preantral (PA) and early antral (EA) follicles was performed. Established endpoints were the oocyte’s potential to reconnect with somatic cells and the impact of connectivity disruption on mature oocyte quality. This study proves that oocytes from PA and EA cultured mouse follicles can overcome complete denudation, restoring likely functional transzonal projections with no significant differences in meiotic and developmental competence compared with those from intact cultured follicles. These novel findings constitute good premises for developing successful strategies to rescue human oocyte competence in the context of in vitro culture approaches such as nonhuman chorionic gonadotropin triggered in vitro maturation.
Melatonin promotes male reproductive performance and increases testosterone synthesis in mammalian Leydig cells
Authors: Yang Minghui , Guan Shengyu , Tao Jingli , Zhu Kuanfeng , Lv Dongying , Wang Jing , Li Guangdong , Gao Yuefeng , Wu Hao , Liu Jinghao , Cao Lin , Fu Yao , Ji Pengyun , Lian Zhengxing , Zhang Lu , Liu Guoshi
Published: March 2021

Leydig cells play a critical role in male reproductive physiology, and their dysfunction is usually associated with male infertility. Melatonin has an important protective and regulatory role in these cells. However, the lack of suitable animal models impedes us from addressing the impact of endogenous melatonin on these cells. In the current study, by using arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) overexpression transgenic sheep and AANAT knockout mice, we confirmed the regulatory effects of endogenously occurring melatonin on Leydig cells as well as its beneficial effects on male reproductive performance. The results showed that the endogenously elevated melatonin level was correlated with decreased Leydig cell apoptosis, increased testosterone production, and improved quality of sperm in melatonin-enriched transgenic mammals. Signal transduction analysis indicated that melatonin targeted the mitochondrial apoptotic Bax/Bcl2 pathway and thus suppressed Leydig cell apoptosis. In addition, melatonin upregulated the expression of testosterone synthesis-related genes of Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein (StAR), Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1), and Transcription factor GATA-4 (Gata4) in Leydig cells. This action was primarily mediated by the melatonin nuclear receptor RAR-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα) since blockade of this receptor suppressed the effect of melatonin on testosterone synthesis. All of these actions of melatonin cause Leydig cells to generate more testosterone, which is necessary for spermatogenesis in mammals. In contrast, AANAT knockout animals have dysfunctional Leydig cells and reduced reproductive performance.
Conceptualising Care in Children’s Social Services
Authors: Neagu Mariela
Published: March 2021

This article explores the concept of care and the responsibility assumed by ‘states’ when taking children into care. It examines the limitations of the state in exercising its parental duty and it proposes a model for re-conceptualising children’s social care by drawing on the literature on autonomy, recognition theory and specific provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. The model places the child’s dignity at the core of the care framework, and it argues that a children’s rights approach which is grounded in moral theories contributes to their self-esteem and autonomy, both of which are key for a person’s development and well-being. The model addresses the tension between children’s rights and child welfare and it can be applied to child protection services that aim to take a children’s rights approach.
Temperature-Dependent Demography of Two Geographically Isolated Populations ofSesamia cretica(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Arbabtafti Roya , Fathipour Yaghoub , Ranjbar Aghdam Hossein
Published: March 2021

The pink stem borer, Sesamia cretica Lederer is considered as the main insect pest of maize and sugarcane worldwide. Reproductive and life table parameters of two populations of S. cretica were studied at 10 constant temperatures ranging from 12 to 36 (±1)°C, 50 ± 10% RH and a photoperiod of 0:24 (L:D) h for the larval stage and 16:8 (L:D) h for the other stages. At 12°C, no eggs hatched and at 15, 35, and 36°C only the incubation period was completed. The longest (135.81 and 156.49 d) and shortest (49.61 and 52.09 d) female life span were observed at 20 and 32°C for the Varamin and Rey populations, respectively. The highest (181.66 and 180.94 eggs/female) and lowest (13.40 and 32.85 eggs/female) total fecundity of the Varamin and Rey populations were found at 20°C and 34°C, respectively. At the same time, these two populations had the highest intrinsic rate of increase (r) (0.0343 and 0.0349 d-1) at 30 and 27°C, respectively. Similarly, both Varamin and Rey populations had the highest finite rate of increase (λ) at 27°C (1.0349 and 1.0355 d-1, respectively). It was found that the geographical populations of S. cretica were different in terms of the life table parameters at the same temperatures, and this issue can affect the results of forecasting studies. Accordingly, it is suggested that in the major corn-growing areas, a comprehensive study should be performed on different pest populations to address their commonalities and differences for future managing programs.
A 33-year follow-up after valvular surgery for carcinoid heart disease
Authors: Bergsten Johannes , Flachskampf Frank A , Lundin Lennart , Öhagen Patrik , Albåge Anders
Published: March 2021

Aims

Valvular surgery has improved long-term prognosis in severe carcinoid heart disease (CaHD). Experience is limited and uncertainty remains about predictors for survival and strategy regarding single vs. double-valve surgery. The aim was to review survival and echocardiographic findings after valvular surgery for CaHD at our institution.

Methods and results

Between 1986 and 2019, 60 consecutive patients, median age 64 years, underwent valve surgery for severe CaHD. Operations involved combined tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) and pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in 42 cases, and TVR-only or TVR with pulmonary valvotomy (no PVR) in 18 patients. All implanted valves were bioprosthetic. Preoperative echocardiography, creatinine, NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), and 24-h urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were obtained. 30-Day mortality was 12% (n=7), and 8% for the most recent decade 2010–2019. Median survival was 2.2 years and maximum survival 21 years. Patients undergoing combined TVR and PVR had significantly higher survival compared with operations without PVR (median 3.0 vs. 0.9 years, P = 0.02). Preoperative levels of NT-pro-BNP and 5-HIAA in the top quartile predicted poor survival. On preoperative echocardiograms, pulmonary regurgitation was severe in 51% and indeterminate in 17%. Postoperative echocardiography confirmed relatively good durability of bioprostheses, relative to the patients’ limited oncological life expectancy.

Conclusion

Valvular surgery in CaHD has an acceptable perioperative risk. Survival for combined TVR and PVR was significantly higher compared with operations without PVR. Bioprosthetic valve replacement appears to have adequate durability. Preoperative echocardiography may underestimate pulmonary pathology. Combined TVR and PVR should be considered in most patients.
Adherence to risk-assessment protocols to guide computed tomography pulmonary angiography in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism
Authors: Kauppi Juha Matias , Airaksinen K E Juhani , Saha Juuso , Bondfolk Anton , Pouru Jussi-Pekka , Purola Petra , Jaakkola Samuli , Lehtonen Jarmo , Vasankari Tuija , Juonala Markus , Kiviniemi Tuomas
Published: March 2021

Aims

The use of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in the detection of pulmonary embolism (PE) has considerably increased due developing technology and better availability of imaging. The underuse of pre-test probability scores and overuse of CTPA has been previously reported. We sought to investigate the indications for CTPA at a University Hospital emergency clinic and seek for factors eliciting the potential overuse of CTPA.

Methods and results

Altogether 1001 patients were retrospectively collected and analysed from the medical records using a structured case report form. PE was diagnosed in 222/1001 (22.2%) of patients. Patients with PE had more often prior PE/deep vein thrombosis, bleeding/thrombotic diathesis and less often asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary artery disease, or decompensated heart failure. Patients were divided into three groups based on Wells PE risk-stratification score and two groups based on the revised Geneva score. A total of 9/382 (2.4%), 166/527 (31.5%), and 47/92 (52.2%) patients had PE in the CTPA in the low, intermediate, and high pre-test likelihood groups according to Wells score, and 200/955 (20.9%) and 22/46 (47.8%) patients had PE in the CTPA in the low-intermediate and the high pre-test likelihood groups according to the revised Geneva score, respectively. D-dimer was only measured from 568/909 (62.5%) and 597/955 (62.5%) patients who were either in the low or the intermediate-risk group according to Wells score and the revised Geneva score. Noteworthy, 105/1001 (10.5%) and 107/1001 (10.7%) of the CTPAs were inappropriately ordered according to the Wells score and the revised Geneva score. Altogether 168/1001 (16.8%) could theoretically be avoided.

Conclusions

This study highlights scant utilization of guideline-recommended risk-stratification tools in CTPA use at the emergency department.