bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A traffic light control method based on multi-agent deep reinforcement learning algorithm
Authors: Liu Dongjiang , Li Leixiao
Published: June 2023

Intelligent traffic light control (ITLC) algorithms are very efficient for relieving traffic congestion. Recently, many decentralized multi-agent traffic light control algorithms are proposed. These researches mainly focus on improving reinforcement learning method and coordination method. But, as all the agents need to communicate while coordinating with each other, the communication details should be improved as well. To guarantee communication effectiveness, two aspect should be considered. Firstly, a traffic condition description method need to be designed. By using this method, traffic condition can be described simply and clearly. Secondly, synchronization should be considered. As different intersections have different cycle lengths and message sending event happens at the end of each traffic signal cycle, every agent will receive messages of other agents at different time. So it is hard for an agent to decide which message is the latest one and the most valuable. Apart from communication details, reinforcement learning algorithm used for traffic signal timing should also be improved. In the traditional reinforcement learning based ITLC algorithms, either queue length of congested cars or waiting time of these cars is considered while calculating reward value. But, both of them are very important. So a new reward calculation method is needed. To solve all these problems, in this paper, a new ITLC algorithm is proposed. To improve communication efficiency, this algorithm adopts a new message sending and processing method. Besides, to measure traffic congestion in a more reasonable way, a new reward calculation method is proposed and used. This method takes both waiting time and queue length into consideration.
Stacked SiGe nanosheets p-FET for Sub-3 nm logic applications
Authors: Chu Chun-Lin , Hsu Shu-Han , Chang Wei-Yuan , Luo Guang-Li , Chen Szu-Hung
Published: June 2023

The fabrication of vertically stacked SiGe nanosheet (NS) field-effect transistors (FETs) was demonstrated in this study. The key process technologies involved in this device fabrication are low pressure chemical vapor deposition SiGe/Si multilayer epitaxy, selective etching of Si layers over SiGe layers using tetramethyl-ammonium-hydroxide wet solution, and atomic layer deposition of Y2O3 gate dielectric. For the fabricated stacked SiGe NS p-GAAFETs with a gate length of 90 nm, ION/IOFF ratio of around 5.0 × 105 and subthreshold swing of 75 mV/dec were confirmed via electrical measurements. Moreover, owing to its high quality of Y2O3 gate dielectric, the device showed a very small drain-induced barrier-lowering phenomenon. These designs can improve the gate controllability of channel and device characteristics.
The Global Regulations and Health Claims on Natural Dietary Antioxidant Supplements
Authors: Zawistowski Jerzy
Published: June 2023

Dietary supplements may have different names in various countries. The terms include natural health products, health foods, herbal supplements, and traditional medicine. However, the form is common and includes capsules, tablets, tinctures, powders, or pills at a daily dosage level. The dietary supplement is not represented for use as a conventional food or as the sole item of a meal or diet or as a replacement for drugs and medicines. The antioxidant supplements that contain catechins, anthocyanins, carotenoids, isoflavones, and various other phytochemicals are an important group of products, which may provide protection of cells from oxidative stress, support antioxidant activity, and enable the maintenance of good eyesight. The regulatory framework and health claims on antioxidant supplements are the focus of this chapter.
Green Tea Catechins and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Dey Priyankar , Bruno Richard S.
Published: June 2023

Green tea is a popular recreational drink. Its regular consumption is associated with hepatoprotective benefits in both humans and animals, with beneficial effects attributed to its polyphenolic catechins that mediate anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, lipid-lowering, and prebiotic activities. Although most of the evidence is derived from studies in preclinical models, accumulating literature supports that catechin-rich green tea protects against pathogenic responses in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by alleviating oxidative stress, reducing hepatocellular injury and steatosis, and restoring health-promoting gut barrier functions. This chapter discusses complimentary evidence from mechanistic studies in rodent models and in vitro, epidemiological approaches, and controlled trials in humans by which green tea and/or its polyphenolic catechins provide hepatoprotective benefits against obesity-associated NAFLD. Additionally, the safety profile of green tea catechins is discussed while also highlighting critical knowledge gaps that require further study to translate the benefits of green tea into evidence-based recommendations to improve human health.
Phytoceutical-based Traditional Weight Loss Strategies for Management of Body Recomposition: Common Misconceptions and Novel Technological Breakthroughs
Authors: Bagchi Debasis , Downs Bernard W. , Bagchi Manashi , Banik Samudra P. , Kushner Steve , Morrison Bruce , Chakraborty Sanjoy , HessoN Stephen
Published: June 2023

The prevalence of obesity has increased unprecedentedly from 30.5% to 42.4% over the last two decades. Indigenous knowledge and scientific explorations have led to the development of quite a few phytochemicals as dietary supplements for its effective management. However, most of them have been rendered ineffective for long-term weight management due to poor bioavailability. Several studies have also indicated the need for regular exercise to complement the action of these bioactives. However, in spite of all meaningful endeavours for assuring effective body recomposition, the trajectory of obesity had never declined. This chapter provides a fresh update of the prevailing weight loss myths and misconceptions which have thwarted the effective management of obesity. Additionally, a novel stimulant and sugar free bioencapsulated formulation of phytoceuticals is discussed which has the potential to curb obesity and ensure a holistic solution for the well-being of the body.
Dietary Lipid Supplements
Authors: Shahidi Fereidoon , Wang Jiankang
Published: June 2023

Lipids are widely present in food and biological systems and their irreplaceable role in nutritional and health benefits has been well understood. Dietary lipid supplements, especially those containing functional fatty acids, such as omega-3 fatty acids, as well as other bioactive compounds, play an important role in the nutrient supplement industry. Dietary supplementation of lipids is particularly attractive to people who cannot obtain those lipids from their diet or require enhanced intake of them to maintain or to improve health. Dietary lipid supplements can be obtained from marine origin (including fish oil, seal blubber oil, krill oil, and algal oil) and terrestrial plant origin (including evening primrose oil, borage oil, black cumin seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, berry seed oils, and sea buckthorn seed oil). There has been growing research and commercial interest in dietary lipid supplements for their diverse health benefits, especially for the management and treatment of different health conditions. There has always been public concern that dietary supplements should be safe and of good quality, and thus the risks of these supplements with potential health risks should be fully evaluated, and the safety of consuming oils from marine origin as well as those from terrestrial sources should be further assessed in areas of environmental contaminants. This chapter aims to provide an account of different lipid supplement classes and their chemical compositions and health benefits.
Brain Health: Cognition, Depression, and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Koh Yen-Chun , Ho Chi-Tang , Pan Min-Hsiung
Published: June 2023

Brain health is highly related to the functionality maintenance of nearly all parts of the body and brain disorders can lead to severe physical and psychological disabilities. As the average life span has increased globally over the years, neurodegenerative diseases that normally occur during ageing have become an important health issue to be concerned about. Occurrence of neurodegeneration may subsequently lead to cognitive impairment and dementia; meanwhile dementia has been reported to be correlated with the incidence of depression. However, recent medication for brain disorder may be accompanied by unavoidable side effects, and some of those may have the disadvantage of off-target or single targeting. To overcome the shortages of developed drugs, the benefits of phytochemicals have gained attention. Several phytochemicals have been well studied with their sight-catching potential to address the brain health issue via multiple strategies and, more importantly, with fewer medicinal side effects. Therefore, the pathologies, the underlying mechanisms, and the strategic approaches taken for brain health with intervention of phytochemicals are discussed in this chapter.
Improvement of the Immune System by Dietary Supplements and Natural Products
Authors: Chang Sui Kiat , Alasalvar Cesarettin
Published: June 2023

Immunity has been a top health concern among consumers for the past several years. With the current COVID-19 pandemic, interest in foods, beverages, essential oils, and supplements that benefit immune health has steadily grown. This chapter reports improvement of the immune system by foods, herbs, essential oils, dietary supplements, and bioactives. A wide range of natural products and supplements (such as medicinal plants and plant-based foods, vitamins, minerals, propolis, essential oils, bioactives, omega-3 fatty acids, pre- and probiotics, and others) have been reviewed in detail for immune health. Relevant data from the existing literature have been compiled and summarized. More well-designed human trials are warranted to better ascertain the immune health effects of these commodities.
Potential of Naturally-occurring Compounds for the Development of Dietary Supplements with Antiviral Activity
Authors: Shahidi Fereidoon , Danielski Renan
Published: June 2023

Viral infections are a major concern for public health systems. The possibility of outbreaks and pandemics can be devastating at a global scale, as seen with the recent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, it is imperative to control the spread of viruses, especially highly-virulent strains, for which the administration of vaccines continues to be the best strategy; however, these may be not available for certain viruses, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and herpes simplex virus, or they can quickly lose efficacy towards highly-mutable viruses, such as the influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In such cases, treatments that can attenuate the infection and hamper the multiplication of the virus need to be widely accessible. Drugs are available to treat several virus infections, although they may impose considerable side effects and drug resistance can occur from continuous administration. In this case, alternative treatments should be procured. Polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, and other natural compounds have demonstrated antiviral activity, acting through multiple mechanisms, and showing inhibition of proteins and enzymes that are essential during the life cycle of viruses. This chapter examines recent findings on the antiviral effects of bioactive compounds found in nature, highlighting the characteristics that can make them potential ingredients for the development of antiviral dietary supplements.
Chemical resolution of spiroindanones and synthesis of chiroptical polymers with circularly polarized luminescence
Authors: Du Jiping , Li Hui , Wu Tanping , Wang Menglei , Cheng Rui , Wu Di , Yang Yudong , Lan Jingbo
Published: June 2023

Chemical resolution of 1,1′-spirobisindane-3,3′-dione is accomplished for the first time using chiral diols as recyclable resolution reagents. The derived chiroptical polymers exhibit TADF emission and CPL characteristics withglum values of up to 2.4 × 10−3.
Quantum monodromy in NCNCS – direct experimental confirmation
Authors: Tokaryk Dennis W. , Ross Stephen C. , Winnewisser Manfred , Winnewisser Brenda P. , De Lucia Frank C. , Billinghurst Brant E.
Published: June 2023

Quantum monodromy in a molecule – fully experimental confirmation via unambiguous energy–momentum plot for NCNCS.
Application of a biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) membrane for phenol pervaporation recovery
Authors: Zhang Meng , Xu Qian , Liu Changlin , An Xiaowei , Zhang Zhonglin , Du Xiao , Li Ping , Wu Jianbing , Hao Xiaogang
Published: June 2023

Experiment and simulation were conducted to investigate the mechanism and performance of a biodegradable PBAT pervaporation membrane for phenol recovery.
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and stoichiometry to identify various types of defects in metal-additive manufacturing parts
Authors: Lin Jingjun , Yang Jiangfei , Huang Yutao , Lin Xiaomei , Che Changjin
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to use LIBS and SVM combined with the stoichiometry to quickly distinguish the defect categories of AM components.
Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in elemental speciation
Authors: Clough Robert , Harrington Chris F. , Hill Steve J. , Madrid Yolanda , Tyson Julian F.
Published: June 2023

This review covers advances in elemental speciation by a range of coupled techniques, including HPLC-ICP-MS, HPLC-HG-AFS and GC-ICP-MS.
Precise, wide field, and low-cost imaging and analysis of core–shell beads for digital polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Yadav Ajeet Singh , Galogahi Fariba Malekpour , Tran Du Tuan , Vashi Aditya , Ooi Chin Hong , Rajan Sreejith Kamalalayam , Nguyen Nam-Trung
Published: June 2023

This study introduces a core–shell bead-based digital PCR platform, where PCR mix is enclosed in microfluidic beads. Multiple flow focusing stages in the device facilitate bead formation. Results of digital PCR are effectively compared with RT-qPCR.
Dual-protected Co@PPD_rGO core@bishell nanomaterials as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for long-life rechargeable zinc–air battery
Authors: Zhang Ran , Lu Junhao , Zhao Jinjin , Wu Ying , Wang Zhijuan
Published: June 2023

A bifunctional electrocatalyst with a dual-protected structure, i.e., Co@PPD_rGO, has been successfully fabricated and applied in a rechargeable Zn–air battery with good performances.
Water-redispersible and high-yield α-chitin nanocrystals isolated using electron-beam irradiation as adsorbents to remove heavy metals and dye
Authors: Lee Hyunho , Heo Min Haeng , Jeong Haemin , Kim Se Young , Yuk Jeong Suk , Park Sae Hume , Shin Jihoon
Published: June 2023

Chitin nanocrystal dehydrates obtained with high yields using electron-beam irradiation, nanoscale homogenization, CO2 neutralization, and spray-drying were subsequently redispersed to absorb heavy metals and organic dyes in aqueous media.
Surface–particle interactions control the escape time of a particle from a nanopore-gated nanocavity system: a coarse grained simulation
Authors: Zando Robert , Chinappi Mauro , Giordani Cristiano , Cecconi Fabio , Zhang Zhen
Published: June 2023

We developed a coarse-grained model to investigate the dwell time of a spherical Brownian analyte inside a nanopore-gated nanocavity, and discovered the conditions where the transition from bulk 3D to surface 2D diffusion happen for the analyte.
Regional autonomous security cooperative spectrum sensing method based on trust value
Authors: Chen Chengxiao , Qi Xiaogang , Cai Ying , Zhang Jiaxin
Published: June 2023

In order to solve the problems of spectrum resource shortage, low spectrum utilization and shadow effect, a regional autonomous security cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) method based on trust value is proposed to address the vulnerability of CSS technology in cognitive radio to malicious node attacks. Considering the difference in node position, the vulnerability of CSS to malicious node attacks, the large amount of centralized sensing data processing, and the large energy consumption of distributed sensing, based on the trust value update mechanism of ‘slow growth and fast recovery’, the perception area is divided and managed, and the final perception result is determined by majority voting based on the centralized sensing. The convergence value of the time difference of the perceptual process trust value is used to detect the anomaly of the node, and the cumulative difference in trust values between the nodes can detect and locate the malicious node. Experimental simulation results show that the proposed model is superior to traditional algorithms in spectral perception accuracy and malicious node detection.
An inverse scattering reconstruction method for perfect electric conductor‐dielectric hybrid target based on physics‐inspired network
Authors: Zhang Qian‐qian , Yin Cheng‐you , Li An‐qi , Liu Han
Published: June 2023

To improve the imaging accuracy in solving inverse scattering problems with mixed boundary conditions, the authors propose an inverse scattering imaging method based on a physics‐inspired neural network. First, the contrast source inversion and the T‐matrix method are unified to establish a combined parameter model, in which the characteristics of perfect electric conductor and dielectric scatterers are represented by the T‐matrix coefficients t and the dielectric contrast respectively. Considering the influence of singularity of conductor contrast, the PEC region and the DIE contrast are reconstructed separately. Then, an alternative parameter updating neural network method, called APU‐Net, is proposed to update the contrast of dielectric scatterers and the T‐matrix of perfect electric conductor scatterers alternately. The experimental results demonstrate the strong performance of APU‐Net for inverse scattering imaging of PEC‐DIE hybrid targets as well as its improved generalisation ability over existing methods.
Lieb—Thirring type bounds for perturbed Schrödinger operators with single-well potentials
Authors: Read Larry
Published: June 2023

We prove an upper bound on the sum of distances between eigenvalues of a perturbed Schrödinger operator H0 − V and the lowest eigenvalue of H0. Our results hold for operators H0 = −Δ − V0 in one dimension with single-well potentials. We rely on a variation of the well-known commutation method. In Pöschl–Teller and Coulomb cases, we are able to use explicit factorizations to establish improved bounds.
High-energy-resolution angle-resolved inverse-photoelectron spectroscopy apparatus for damage-free measurements of conduction band structures of functional materials
Authors: Kashimoto Yuki , Ideta Satoshi , Sato Haruki , Orio Hibiki , Kawamura Keita , Yoshida Hiroyuki
Published: June 2023

The energy band structure of the conduction band (energy–momentum relation of electrons) is crucial to understanding the electron transport of crystalline materials. In this paper, we describe an angle-resolved low-energy inverse photoelectron spectroscopy (AR-LEIPS) apparatus that examines the conduction band structures of materials sensitive to the electron beam, such as organic semiconductors and organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites. The principle of this apparatus is based on AR inverse photoelectron spectroscopy. To minimize radiation damage and improve energy resolution, we employed our previous approach used in LEIPS [H. Yoshida, Chem. Phys. Lett. 539–540, 180 (2012)]. We obtained an overall energy resolution of 0.23 eV with a momentum resolution of 0.9 nm−1 at the electron kinetic energy of 2 eV or higher.
Studying excited-state-specific perturbation theory on the Thiel set
Authors: Clune Rachel , Shea Jacqueline A. R. , Hardikar Tarini S. , Tuckman Harrison , Neuscamman Eric
Published: June 2023

We explore the performance of a recently introduced N5-scaling excited-state-specific second order perturbation theory (ESMP2) on the singlet excitations of the Thiel benchmarking set. We find that, without regularization, ESMP2 is quite sensitive to π system size, performing well in molecules with small π systems but poorly in those with larger π systems. With regularization, ESMP2 is far less sensitive to π system size and shows a higher overall accuracy on the Thiel set than CC2, equation of motion-coupled cluster with singles and doubles, CC3, and a wide variety of time-dependent density functional approaches. Unsurprisingly, even regularized ESMP2 is less accurate than multi-reference perturbation theory on this test set, which can, in part, be explained by the set’s inclusion of some doubly excited states but none of the strong charge transfer states that often pose challenges for state-averaging. Beyond energetics, we find that the ESMP2 doubles norm offers a relatively low-cost way to test for doubly excited character without the need to define an active space.
On-the-fly accuracy evaluation of artificial neural networks and hybrid method to improve the robustness of neural network accelerated chemistry solving
Authors: Mehl Cédric , Aubagnac-Karkar Damien
Published: June 2023

A chemistry acceleration strategy based on the coupling of artificial neural networks (ANNs) and direct integration (DI) is proposed and evaluated in the context of turbulent combustion. The main novelty of this study is its focus on ANNs robustness assessment. A hybrid DI/ANN strategy is proposed, which allows for a direct control of the prediction errors. This control is achieved by evaluating the ANN prediction error after each inference. To this end, a simple yet novel criterion based on mass conservation is proposed and compared to a criterion based on the distance between the inferred state and the training database, as done previously in the literature in the context of on-the-fly learning. A two-dimensional turbulent premixed H2 ignition case is used to assess the performance of the strategy and challenge the two criteria. An a priori study demonstrates that the state space-based criterion cannot correctly describe the ANN error, while the mass conservation-based one provides a good match with the ANN error. An a posteriori evaluation, involving actual simulations of the turbulent case, shows the ability of the hybrid DI/ANN model based on mass conservation error to improve the quality of the predictions and thus the robustness of ANNs. The increase in computational cost due to the hybrid model is acceptable as the DI is only applied in very localized regions in space and time.
Theoretical description of the electrical double layer for a mixture of n ionic species with arbitrary size and charge asymmetries. I. Spherical geometry
Authors: Elisea-Espinoza Jonathan Josué , González-Tovar Enrique , Guerrero-García Guillermo Iván
Published: June 2023

In this work, we propose a theoretical finite element description of the ionic profiles of a general mixture of n species of spherical charged particles dissolved in an implicit solvent, with arbitrary size and charge asymmetries, neutralizing a spherical macroion. This approach aims to close the gap between the nano- and the micro-scales in macroion solutions, taking into account the ion correlations and ionic excluded volume effects consistently. When these last two features are neglected, the classical non-linear Poisson–Boltzmann theory for n ionic species—with different ionic closest approach distances to the colloidal surface—is recovered as a limit case. As a proof of concept, we study the electrical double layer of an electroneutral mixture of oppositely charged colloids and small microions, with an asymmetry 1:333 in size and 1:10 in valence, in salt-free and added salt environments. Our theoretical approach displays a good agreement regarding the ionic profiles, the integrated charge, and the mean electrostatic potential obtained from molecular dynamics simulations with explicit-sized microions. Although the non-linear Poisson–Boltzmann colloid–colloid and colloid–microion profiles differ notably from those obtained via molecular dynamics simulations with explicit small-sized ions, the associated mean electrostatic potential agrees well with the corresponding explicit microion simulations.
Line Position and Line Intensity Modelings of
H218O up to the First Triad
and J = 20
Authors: Coudert Laurent H. , Mikhailenko Semen , Campargue Alain , Mellau Georg Ch.
Published: June 2023

Line position and line intensity analyses are carried out for the H218O isotopic species of the water molecule. Both datasets involve the five lowest lying vibrational states. For the line position analysis, the dataset includes infrared and far infrared transitions recorded in this work using high-temperature Fourier transform emission spectroscopy. Also included are already published infrared, far infrared, microwave, terahertz, Doppler-free combination differences, and kHz accuracy lines. The fitting is carried out with the bending–rotation approach and allows us to reproduce 12 858 line positions involving levels with J ≤ 20 and Ka ≤ 18, with a unitless standard deviation of 1.9, varying 207 spectroscopic parameters. For the line intensity analysis, far infrared line intensities measured in this work using Fourier transform spectroscopy in addition to previously measured line intensities are fitted. 5612 line intensities are accounted for with a unitless standard deviation of 1.5. The results from both analyses are used to build a line list for atmospherical purposes, spanning the 2–5000 cm−1 spectral range and containing 7593 lines. This line list and calculated energies and line intensities are compared to those already published.
Asymmetric angular selected transmission in phase gradient metagratings and zero index metamaterials
Authors: Wu Huiwen , Zhou Qingjia , Sun Baoyin , Cao Yanyan , Xu Yadong
Published: June 2023

Phase gradient metagrating (PGM) refers to introduction of a local abrupt phase change covering 2π at an interface, which generates a phase gradient to control the direction and propagation of electromagnetic waves. PGM has provided unprecedented opportunities for wavefront manipulation. In this work, we combine PGMs and zero-index metamaterials to achieve high-efficiency asymmetric angular selected transmission. Our research shows that the wave can pass through the system only at a specific incident angle. Furthermore, the incident angle corresponding to the angular selected transmission can be adjusted by modifying the period length of the PGM. This design philosophy is applicable to both electromagnetic wave and acoustic wave systems. Our results open innovative avenues to extend the potential applications of PGM.
Differential expression and localisation of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glutathione peroxidase 5 (GPX5) in the testis and epididymis of Sonid Bactrian camels
Authors: Hasi Gaowa , Wu Liyasu , Sodnompil Tserennadmid , Yi Ruhan , Wu Rihan , Zhang Rui , Na Haya , Liu Hejie , Ji Musi , Xie Wangwei , Nasenochir Narenhua
Published: June 2023

Context Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glutathione peroxidase 5 (GPX5) are biomarkers of oxidative stress and stress in temperate, tropical environments, which are crucial for male reproduction. Their expression and distribution patterns in the testis and epididymis of Bactrian camels are still unknown. Aims This study aims to investigate the HSP70 and GPX5 expression and localisation in 3- and 6-year-old Bactrian camel testis and epididymis. Methods Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect HSP70 in the testis and epididymis (caput, corpus and cauda) and GPX5 in the epididymis at two developmental stages (3-year-old puberty group and 6-year-old adult group). Key results HSP70 was upregulated in the testis. Immunohistochemistry results indicated the HSP70 protein was mainly detected in spermatids and Leydig cells of testicular tissue. In the epididymis, HSP70 was located at the luminal spermatozoa, the epithelium lining the epididymal and the epididymal interstitium. GPX5 expression was significantly higher in the caput epididymis than in the corpus and cauda epididymis. GPX5 protein was observed in the epithelium lining the epididymal, interstitium and luminal spermatozoa in the epididymis by immunohistochemistry. Conclusions Bactrian camel HSP70 and GPX5 exhibited spatiotemporal expression specificity. Implications HSP70 and GPX5 may be essential for germ cell development and reproductive success after sexual maturation in Sonid Bactrian camels.
Stance in Flemish Sign Language
Authors: Andries Fien , Brône Geert , Vermeerbergen Myriam
Published: June 2023

In this contribution, we offer a first exploration of stance expressions in Flemish Sign Language (VGT). Biber and Finegan (1989) define stance as the expression of feelings, attitudes,
judgments, commitments, and assessments. The few studies focusing on stance in signed languages have shown that stance can be
expressed by various structures and mechanisms such as lexical signs, manual gestures (e.g., Palm Up gestures) and
embodiment/mental space blends. We will examine if these findings apply to Flemish Sign Language, and we will identify other means
of expressing stance in VGT.

In this exploratory study, we focus on the following questions: (1) which articulators and semiotic resources can
be used in Flemish Sign Language to express stance?; and (2) How are visible bodily actions through different articulators
integrated temporally in stance expressions?

Our study is based on the analysis of about five hours of data from the Corpus Flemish Sign Language. We
present examples from our dataset to illustrate that stance can be expressed through a range of structures and mechanisms (such as
lexical signs, manual gestures, enactment, and non-manual features), expressed either sequentially or simultaneously by a
multitude of articulators. Moreover, we zoom in on the phenomenon of stance-stacking and analyse how multiple stance expressions
can be combined in VGT.
Gesture at the crossroads
Authors: Shaw Emily
Published: June 2023

Task-based exchanges are known to have multiple co-occurring interactive structures that prompt interlocutors to integrate various semiotic fields (Goodwin 2000). In addition to underlying norms of cooperative interaction, task-based exchanges include joint accomplishment of some activity. In this study, a group of co-workers (two hearing and one deaf) engaged in a team-building exercise where they jointly constructed a container fit for protecting an egg. They communicated, in part, via a sign language interpreter. Clark’s (2016) methods of communication were applied to the interpreter-mediated interaction (IMI) to determine whether certain semiotic modes were more (or less) accessible to the respective linguistic groups. Micro-analysis of three activity phases revealed moments when the participants responded to and integrated semiotic fields displayed in front of them. While not all content was accessible, like the complex depictive structures produced by the deaf person, some instances of mutual understanding without interpretation were achieved via integration of meaningful components of visibly accessible semiotic fields. Results challenge traditional views of IMIs where interpreters are positioned as channelling communicative content exclusively through them.
Turning points as a tool in narrative research
Authors: Wieslander Malin , Löfgren Håkan
Published: June 2023

This article focuses on how the concept of “turning points” can be used in narrative research when studying people’s (professional) identities and identity formation. By examining various understandings of turning points, we aim to show how they can be identified and used as analytical tools in different ways when conducting narrative analyses of (professional) identity formation. A case study from a research project on police identity is used to illustrate the application of various perspectives on turning points. The article offers guidance for researchers on choosing a context and focus for analysing turning points, as well as on the theoretical perspectives that come with these choices, and thereby suggests directions for analytical attention. The article shows how different perspectives on turning points have consequences for the understanding of professional identities.
Variable projection methods for separable nonlinear inverse problems with general-form Tikhonov regularization
Authors: Español Malena I , Pasha Mirjeta
Published: June 2023

The variable projection (VarPro) method is an efficient method to solve separable nonlinear least squares problems. In this paper, we propose a modified VarPro method for solving separable nonlinear least squares problems with general-form Tikhonov regularization. In particular, we apply the Gauss–Newton method to the corresponding reduced problem and investigate its convergence when different approximations of the Jacobian matrix are used. For special cases when computing the generalized singular value decomposition is feasible or a joint spectral decomposition of both forward and regularization operators exists, we provide efficient ways to compute the Jacobians and the solution of the linear subproblems. For large-scale problems, where matrix decompositions are not an option, we compute a reduced Jacobian and apply projection-based iterative methods and generalized Krylov subspace methods to solve the linear subproblems. In all cases, the regularization parameter can be computed automatically at each iteration using generalized cross validation. Several numerical examples highlight the proposed approach’s performance in the quality of the reconstructed image and the reconstructed forward operator, including large-scale two-dimensional imaging problems arising from semi-blind deblurring.
Deterministic nanoscale quantum spin-defect implantation and diffraction strain imaging
Authors: Delegan Nazar , Whiteley Samuel J , Zhou Tao , Bayliss Sam L , Titze Michael , Bielejec Edward , Holt Martin V , Awschalom David D , Heremans F Joseph
Published: June 2023

Local crystallographic features negatively affect quantum spin defects by changing the local electrostatic environment, often resulting in degraded or varied qubit optical and coherence properties. Few tools exist that enable the deterministic synthesis and study of such intricate systems on the nano-scale, making defect-to-defect strain environment quantification difficult. In this paper, we highlight state-of-the-art capabilities from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Nanoscale Science Research Centers that directly address these shortcomings. Specifically, we demonstrate how complementary capabilities of nano-implantation and nano-diffraction can be used to demonstrate the quantum relevant, spatially deterministic creation of neutral divacancy centers in 4H silicon carbide, while investigating and characterizing these systems on the

≤
25

nm

scale with strain sensitivities on the order of

1
×

10

−
6

,

relevant to defect formation dynamics. This work lays the foundation for ongoing studies into the dynamics and deterministic formation of low strain homogeneous quantum relevant spin defects in the solid state.
Homologous post-treatment strategy enabling phase-pure α-FAPbI3 films
Authors: Ye Yaqi , Xiao Lingbo , Li Lutao , Xu Xiaoli , Zhao Jie , Wang Chen , Lu Zheng , Jiang Wen , Li Jiating , Sun Yinghui , Zou Guifu
Published: June 2023

Formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) is considered as the prospective light-absorbing layer on account of the close-to-ideal bandgap of the α-phase, wide optical absorption spectrum and good thermal stability. Therefore, how to realize δ to α-phase transition to obtain phase-pure α-FAPbI3 without additives is important for FAPbI3 perovskite films. Herein, a homologous post-treatment strategy (HPTS) without additives is proposed to prepare FAPbI3 films with pure α-phase. The strategy is processed along with dissolution and reconstruction process during the annealing. The FAPbI3 film has tensile strain with the substrate, and the lattice keeps tensile, and the film maintains in an α/δ hybrid phase. The HPTS process releases the tensile strain between the lattice and the substrate. The process of strain release realizes the phase transition from δ to α-phase during this process. This strategy can accelerate the transformation from hexagonal δ-FAPbI3 to cubic α-FAPbI3 at 120 °C. As a result, the acquired α-FAPbI3 films exhibit better film quality in optical and electrical properties, accordingly achieving device efficiency of 19.34% and enhanced stability. This work explores an effective approach to obtain additive-free and phase-pure α-FAPbI3 films through a HPTS to fabricate uniform high-performance α-FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells.
Cross-machine comparison of runaway electron generation during tokamak start-up for extrapolation to ITER
Authors: de Vries P.C. , Lee Y. , Gribov Y. , Mineev A.B. , Na Y.S. , Granetz R. , Stein-Lubrano B. , Reux C. , Moreau Ph. , Kiptily V. , Esposito B. , Battaglia D.J. , Martin-Solis J.R.
Published: June 2023

A cross-machine comparison of global parameters that determine the runaway electron (RE) generation and loss process during tokamak start-up was carried out with the aim to extrapolate these to ITER. The study found that all considered discharges, also those that do not show signs of RE, are non-thermal at the start, i.e. have a streaming parameter larger than 0.1. During the current ramp-up the electric field,E, remains above the critical value,Ec, that allows RE in the plasma. The distinction to be made is not if RE can form but, if sufficient RE can form fast enough such that they are detected or start to dominate the dynamics of the tokamak discharge. The dynamics of the value ofE, density and temperature during tokamak are key to the formation of RE. It was found that larger devices operate withEcloser toEc, due to their higher temperatures, hence the RE generation is relatively slower. The slower time scales for the formation of RE, estimated to be of the order of 100s of ms in ITER simplifies the development of avoidance schemes. The RE confinement time is also an important determinant of the entire process and is found to increase with the device size. The study also revealed that drift orbit losses, a mechanism often attributed as the main RE loss mechanism during the early tokamak discharge, are actually more difficult to achieve. RE losses might be more likely attributed to RE diffusion due to magnetic turbulence.
Analysis of Fin Stabilizer Base on NACA 0010 in Fast Patrol Boat to Reduce Appendage Resistance on Numerical Method
Authors: Kusuma Cahya
Published: June 2023

The main function of the fin stabilizer on patrol boats is anti-rolling and providing comfort for ship personnel. However, the installation of the fin stabilizer has a consequence in the form of appendage resistance of the ship. This study analyzes the magnitude of the appendage resistance due to the installation of the NACA 0010 stabilizer fin mounted on a 60m patrol boat at an angle of 0º. Reduction of ship resistance is expected to improve the ship performance which then can optimize the use of fuels and minimize pollution. In the early stages, the bare hull was validated with the results of the model test on the towing tank with a resistance difference of less than 3%. Based on the simulation results, it is known that the average resistance value of Fine Marine Numeca is 1.87% higher than the resistance value of the Maxsurf software. From the results of testing the appendage resistance value with 3 variations of the shape of the NACA 0010 fin, it is known that the appendage resistance value of fin stabilizer 2 is 1.04%, fin stabilizer 1 is 1.26% while fin stabilizer 3 is 1.6%. The appendage resistance of fin stabilizer 2 is smaller than the variation of fin stabilizer 1 and 3 models.
Analysis of technology readiness level of dual fuel harbor tug boat research achievement
Authors: Ismoyo K , Muhajirin  , Iskendar  , Ajidarmo K , Triyanto  , Muis A
Published: June 2023

Research and innovation of dual fuel harbor tug boat are carried out to meet eco-friendly vessel. The measure of technological readiness is an indicator of the utilization of the study outcomes that have been carried out. One approach that can be used is by mapping technology readiness, assessing the application of research and its implementation activities, lowering the risk of technology failure, and boosting the usage of research and development outcomes. In this paper, an analysis of technological readiness is carried out on the research results of a dual fuel tug boat using a scoring system called techno-meter. The results obtained are that the assessment of the research achievement of the dual fuel tug boat shows the level of technology readiness (TRL) at the 4th level. This shows that the resulting technological research has been validated through testing the scale of the hydrodynamic model which shows the feasibility of the design and maneuverability of the ship in the relevant environment with an achievement score is 80.66%
Technical and Economical Feasibility Impact on Landing Craft Ship Conversion to Comply with Greenship Requirements
Authors: Putra Andreas Mahendri , Artana Ketut Buda , Made Ariana I , Abdillah Hayy Nur
Published: June 2023

This research aims are additional requirements to comply with greenship requirements, analysing technical and economic due to LNG dual fuel conversion. As the technical aspect of using LNG as fuel, this LNG LCT ISO Tank carrier able to utilize LNG as fuel which it will be installed dual fuel genset from MAN B&W 6L23/30DF for sailing and manoeuvring scenario and VOLVO D16 MG HE KC for additional genset that will be operated for cargo handling and at port scenario. While it needs small power requirements, therefore diesel electric propulsion chosen to propel the ship which is need 401 kW for each shaft. For economic aspect the conversion into LNG as fuel has economically valuable which payback period at year eight, ROI at 12,68% and IRR 15%.
Analysis of silica gel desiccant application in fuel storage tanks model to reduce palm oil-based biodiesel degradation
Authors: Azhad M F R , Fathallah A Z M , Alami N H
Published: June 2023

Biodiesel fuel is subject to degradation as a result of its prolonged storage period. The degradation of biodiesel fuel can have a negative impact on its qualities as well as the performance of the engine. These four stages of degradation are hydrolysis, oxidation, thermal decomposition, and bacterial contamination. A consequence of the hygroscopic qualities of biodiesel is the possibility of hydrolysis processes, which might result in the creation of free fatty acids, which can lead to engine corrosion. The presence of water encourages bacterial development in biodiesel, which might result in the formation of deposits. This study aims to investigate the application of silica gel desiccant in fuel tanks with varying biodiesel concentrations. The total acid number is used as the degradation rate parameter, while the number of bacterial colonies is used as the bacterial growth rate parameter. The research was carried out through experiments using tank models over a period of six weeks, with six tank conditioning. With the experiment results, reducing humidity in the fuel tank by applying desiccant can lead to the reduction of biodiesel degradation rate and micro-bacteria growth.
Fatigue Life Analysis on The Local Construction Near the Chain Stopper Area of Papa Terminal Floating Storage Offloading (FSO) With 4X2 Chain Line Spread Mooring Configuration
Authors: Louis A , Murdjito  , Syahroni N
Published: June 2023

This research aims to determine the fatigue life of the structure near the chain stopper of a storage tanker using the spectral fatigue analysis method. The wave spectrum is developed based on six significant wave height and period variations from the site wave scatter data using a modified spectrum of JONSWAP. The stress analysis is carried out using finite element analysis software. It can then be processed into Stress RAO from each loading direction. The response spectra are generated from the wave spectrum, multiplying with the square of the Stress RAO. These response spectra will determine the stochastic values of each stress range variation in obtaining the number of cycles that occur in each variation (nL). The accumulation of each ratio obtained from all existing variations will produce a fatigue index value (D). The American Bureau of Shipping’s S-N curve D-Class is used in this fatigue life analysis. The Gamkonora Aframax tanker operated as a temporary storage tanker at Papa’s field area is used as the case of this study.
Validation of multiphase water wave propagation using smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Authors: Salvikran M A , Trimulyono A , Hadi E S
Published: June 2023

Water wave propagation is one of the classical problems in free surface flow that involved water and air. There are a lot of studies have been conducted on both experimental and numerical methods. One numerical method is computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which is divided into two major i.e. CFD mesh-based and meshfree. In this paper, smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is used to carry out a study of water wave propagation. SPH is a mesh-free CFD and Lagrangian approach that is suitable for free surface flow such as water waves. Two-phase SPH was used to reproduce long-distance propagation using a piston-type wavemaker. The wave probe was set 24.6 m in front of the wavemaker with a water depth is 0.75 m. The wave period is 1.15 s with an amplitude of the wavemaker is 33.0 mm. The simulation is carried out with a water and air phase (multiphase). The results indicate SPH is in reasonable agreement with experimental for the wave height, celerity, and amplitude.
Mooring Analysis of Ocean FarmITS (OFITS)
Authors: Mulyadi Y , Purnawanti Y N , Huda N , Syahroni N , Wahyudi  , Sambodho K , Sulaksono A P
Published: June 2023

Ocean Farm ITS (OFITS) is a pilot project of offshore aquaculture designed by Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) which will be installed at Sidoasri Beach, Malang Districts. OFITS structure is an integration of fish cages with ecotourism facilities. This paper describes the mooring analysis for OFITS installation. The mooring configuration uses a rectangle grid consisting of 4 mooring buoys, 8 top inner mooring grids, and 14 mooring lines arranged symmetrically. The mooring line uses a type of nylon line with a size of 42 mm in diameter and 70 m in length. Five mooring lines on the front side and two mooring lines on the back side secure the moored buoy to the seafloor. The maximum capacity of buoy is 3 tons. The anchor for mooring uses an anchor with a weight of 0.25 tons for each anchor. The purpose of this analysis is to obtain the maximum tension of the mooring rope at OFITS based on extreme environmental loads. This analysis uses the time domain analysis method.