bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implicaciones de la frecuencia de uso de las locuciones en la elaboración de un diccionario
Authors: Penadés Martínez Inmaculada
Published: February 2016

En este artículo se reflexiona, en primer lugar, sobre la frecuencia de las locuciones en relación con los límites que los investigadores establecen para el periodo de tiempo calificado como actual. En segundo lugar, se muestra cómo, aun limitándose a un corpus determinado, la situación de los estudios en fraseología, a día de hoy, vuelve extremadamente compleja la tarea de indicar la frecuencia absoluta de una locución concreta respecto a un conjunto de locuciones o la relativa en función de la distribución de las locuciones en clases o en relación con las unidades léxicas simples con las que la locución se vincula. En tercer lugar, el análisis de un amplio conjunto de locuciones ya llevado a cabo ha mostrado que, en la frecuencia de uso de una locución, influye su pertenencia a un determinado estado de lengua, la existencia de variantes no marcadas de la locución en cuestión y la posibilidad de que se dé una combinación de palabras homónima de la locución, pero de naturaleza no fraseológica. Los tres puntos mencionados se examinan para establecer sus implicaciones en la redacción de un diccionario de locuciones idiomáticas del español.
American Indian Permission for Mascots: Resistance or Complicity within Rhetorical Colonialism?
Authors: Endres Danielle
Published: February 2016

In 2005 the National Collegiate Athletic Association banned the use of American Indian symbols such as mascots, nicknames, and imagery in postseason sporting events. However, several universities successfully appealed this decision by demonstrating permission from eponymous American Indian nations. The focus of this essay is on the rhetorical implications of this permission argument within American Indian rhetoric about American Indian mascots, nicknames, and imagery. Drawing from the lens of rhetorical colonialism and an examination of the University of Utah Utes, I reveal how American Indian permission for mascots can be seen as upholding rather than challenging the system of colonialism through a form of self-colonization.
Narratives of Urban Resistance: The Community Land Trust
Authors: Engelsman, Udi
Published: February 2016

A small part of the self-help housing campaign has been the slow emergence of the Community Land Trust (CLT) movement. CLTs are heterogeneous in terms of their scale and urban/rural contrast and because the motivations behind their inception appear to be so different. We outline the contradiction between housing as the process of activism and housing as a commodity. This is important because we see in the former means by which community organizing can be explained, but show the former to be understood in terms of class analysis. We then consider activism through the four phases of direct action suggested by Ward and go on to look specifically at two CLTs, both in major US cities. These two cases, one in New York and one in Boston, offer an insight into why a particular type of community organizing took place. We see a stand against gentrification in the heart of Manhattan, radical action to secure the ownership of land and to prevent displacement in a Lower East Side neighbourhood. In contrast, the second case shows a stand against the violence exerted in the degeneration of a South Boston neighbourhood. Here we see a community conversant with civil rights struggles able to secure the compliance of the local state through their direct action. Narratives of resistance, we suggest, rely on activists and professionals who both share similar aims and develop a symbiotic relationship in resisting the hegemony of private capital and the state.
Predictive Value of Gait Speed and Frailty Indicators on Survival Time and Time Until Discharge to Home in Ambulant Older Patients in a Specialized Rehabilitation Center
Authors: van der Ploeg Eva , van der Velde Yvette , Gobbens Robbert
Published: February 2016

Background and Purpose:

“Frailty” is a frequently used term in both scientific research and clinical practice, but it has proven to be difficult to recognize and measure frailty. In this study, we aim to identify variables related to frailty as simple and unambiguous predictors of time until discharge to home and until mortality for ambulant individuals residing in a rehabilitation center for older people.

Methods:

This was a longitudinal cohort study. We included data on people admitted to a Dutch rehabilitation center for older people between September 15, 2013, and September 10, 2014 (n = 389). At admission, we collected data regarding participants' demography, details of their admission and origin as well as their gait speed. We also asked both participants and their physiotherapists whether the patients experienced problems as a consequence of fatigue, mobility, balance, or unintentional weight loss (yes/no), which are considered to be indicators of frailty. Date of discharge or death was recorded upon occurrence. We used survival analyses to establish associations between frailty indicators and gait speed with time until death and time until discharge to home.

Results and Discussion:

We found associations between patients' and physiotherapists' reports regarding indicators of frailty with mortality and discharge to home. Although patients' and physiotherapists' scores were strongly correlated, the physiotherapists' scores proved to be more accurate in predicting time until discharge to home and mortality. Time until death was best predicted by the physiotherapists' report that a patient was fatigued (hazard ratio = 4.09; 95% confidence interval = 1.41-11.83; P < .01). Time until discharge to home was strongly related to physiotherapists' reports of unintentional weight loss in the patient (hazard ratio = 0.67; 95% confidence interval = 0.48-0.95; P < .05). We did not find a relationship between gait speed and time until death and discharge to home.

Conclusions:

Simple yes/no reports by physiotherapists at the time of admission regarding patients feeling fatigued and losing weight unintentionally showed strong associations with time until death and time until discharge to home. These simple questions could be used for screening at admission to identify people at risk of prolonged rehabilitation and mortality.
Hybrid e-Book Business Strategy-Evaluation Model Using Fuzzy Multiple Criteria Analysis
Authors: Chang S. -C. , Tsai P. -H.
Published: February 2016

Evaluation of the e-book business strategy model is a critical problem and it plays a significant role in the success of e-book firm development. On the other hand, selecting the most appropriate e-book business strategy model among a pool of alternatives is a multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. Therefore, this study proposed a hybrid evaluation model based on the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), fuzzy analytic network process (FANP), and the complex proportional assessment (COPRAS) method to help managers with the evaluation of proper business strategy model in a fuzzy environment, where the fuzziness and uncertainties are handled with linguistic terms parameterized by triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs). The final results show the capability and effectiveness of the hybrid model.
Maintenance of Membrane Integrity and Permeability Depends on a Patched-Related Protein in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Choi Myung-Kyu , Son Sangwon , Hong Mingi , Choi Min Sung , Kwon Jae Young , Lee Junho
Published: February 2016

Membrane integrity is critical for cell survival, defects of which cause pathological symptoms such as metabolic diseases. In this study, we used ethanol sensitivity of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to identify genetic factors involved in membrane integrity. In C. elegans, acute exposure to a high concentration (7% v/v) of ethanol changes membrane permeability, as measured by propidium iodide staining, and causes paralysis. We used the timing of complete paralysis as an indicator for alteration of membrane integrity in our genetic screen, and identified ptr-6 as a gene that confers ethanol resistance when mutated. PTR-6 is a patched-related protein and contains a sterol sensing domain. Inhibition of two PTR-encoding genes, ptr-15 and ptr-23, and mboa-1, encoding an Acyl Co-A: cholesterol acyltransferase homolog, restored ethanol sensitivity of the ptr-6 mutant, suggesting that these ptr genes and mboa-1 are involved in the maintenance of membrane integrity and permeability. Our results suggest that C. elegans can be used as a model system to identify factors involved in metabolic diseases and to screen for therapeutic drugs.
Phenotypic Plasticity Promotes Balanced Polymorphism in Periodic Environments by a Genomic Storage Effect
Authors: Gulisija Davorka , Kim Yuseob , Plotkin Joshua B
Published: February 2016

Phenotypic plasticity is known to evolve in perturbed habitats, where it alleviates the deleterious effects of selection. But the effects of plasticity on levels of genetic polymorphism, an important precursor to adaptation in temporally varying environments, are unclear. Here we develop a haploid, two-locus population-genetic model to describe the interplay between a plasticity modifier locus and a target locus subject to periodically varying selection. We find that the interplay between these two loci can produce a “genomic storage effect” that promotes balanced polymorphism over a large range of parameters, in the absence of all other conditions known to maintain genetic variation. The genomic storage effect arises as recombination allows alleles at the two loci to escape more harmful genetic backgrounds and associate in haplotypes that persist until environmental conditions change. Using both Monte Carlo simulations and analytical approximations we quantify the strength of the genomic storage effect across a range of selection pressures, recombination rates, plasticity modifier effect sizes, and environmental periods.
ARTICULO ORIGINAL-2016: Características epidemiológicas y complicaciones de los pacientes operados por adenomas de hipófisis por vía transesfenoidal endoscópica en la Unidad de Cirugía de Base de Cráneo del Hospital México
Authors: Vargas Valenciano Emmanuelle , Esquivel Miranda Miguel Ángel , Obando Valverde Andrés , Quiroga Galindo Mónica
Published: February 2016

En el Hospital México, desde el año 2009 se constituyó una unidad de cirugía endoscópica de la base de cráneo que desde un abordaje multidisciplinario permite la valoración y tratamiento de estos pacientes. En el presente estudio se documentaron un total de 47 pacientes durante los años 2012 y 2013 presentando una edad promedio de 49 años, siendo de predominio femenino. Dentro de la cohorte, la mayoría de los adenomas se catalogaron como no funcionantes (70%), seguido de productores de GH (15%) y ACTH (15%). Aproximadamente la mitad de los casos presentaron déficit visual campimétrico y 25% tenían antecedente de cirugía previa por esa misma lesión. Se operaron 13% microadenomas, 74% macroadenomas y 13% adenomas gigantes. La duración promedio del procedimiento fue de 247 minutos. El porcentaje de fístula postoperatoria fue de 1,5%. No se presentaron muertes en esta serie. A pesar de que se documentó un porcentaje ligeramente mayor del 10% de insuficiencia suprarrenal y diabetes insípida postoperatoria la mayoría de estos casos presentaban esta condición de previo.
ARTICULO ORIGINAL-2016: La Valoración de Incapacidades y los Síntomas Físicos Médicamente Inexplicables
Authors: Flores Sandí Grettchen
Published: February 2016

En la práctica médica diaria, la valoración de capacidad laboral independientemente del campo de actuación del médico evaluador, ya sea por enfermedad o accidente común o laboral, suponeun difícil reto que requiere incorporar un análisis de la validez de cada caso dadas las repercusiones personales y sociales. Además los síntomas físicos médicamente inexplicables son
frecuentes en las consultas, de alto costo, se asocian a incapacidad laboral, generan frustración al paciente y al médico, pudiendo ser denunciados en relación a contingencias profesionales. Con el objetivo de identificar el procedimiento del médico perito/evaluador para el otorgamiento de incapacidad laboral y parámetros útiles en caso de síntomas físicos médicamente inexplicables, se realizó una revisión descriptiva y se obtuvo que el impacto de estos síntomas en la incapacidad laboral varía de paciente a paciente y que existen pocos estudios en relación con implicaciones laborales. Además el análisis de la validez es una tarea muy compleja que requiere la apreciación de elementos/pruebas de carácter objetivo, que incluyen un adecuado abordaje clínico, comprensión de pruebas diagnósticas complementarias (incluida la valoración psiquiátrica) y de cargas de los puestos de trabajo, contrastada con otras variables de la capacidad funcional para el trabajo como edad, escolaridad, clasificación funcional de acuerdo a baremos, estructura lesionada y pronóstico de la lesión. De ahí que se concluye que a fin de mejorar la validez de los resultados adquieren importancia las habilidades, en lo que respecta a formación médica, conocimientos legales, experiencia, manejo de la información, capacidad de aprendizajecontinuo y razonamiento ético.
TEMA 9-2016: Dependencia a tabaco y su tratamiento
Authors: Sandí Brenes Sofía , Sandí Esquivel Luis
Published: February 2016

El tabaco es una de las mayores amenazas para la salud pública que ha tenido que afrontar el mundo. Se le atribuyen aproximadamente 6 millones de muertes al año. Es además, la principal causa prevenible de mortalidad, y aquellas personas que dejan de fumar disminuyen el riesgo de desarrollar y potencialmente morir por enfermedades relacionadas al tabaco. Los avances en la investigación científica y la experiencia clínica acumulada en el campo del tabaquismo, hacen que hoy en día existan, basados en la evidencia, excelentes tratamientos y estrategias para ayudar a los fumadores a dejar de fumar
TEMA 11-2016: Síndrome de Ovario Poliquistico
Authors: Borbón Cordero María Fernanda , Robles Quirós Fernán
Published: February 2016

El síndrome de ovario poliquístico afecta 5% a 10% de las mujeres en edad fértil. Es un síndrome heterogéneo caracterizado por anovulación crónica hiperandrogénica, secundaria a una disfunción ovárica intrínseca. Aunque las pacientes afectadas se ven muy perturbadas por las manifestaciones cutáneas, que incluyen acné, hirsutismo, alopecia y acantosis nigricans (1-2), elsíndrome de ovario poliquístico puede tener implicaciones mucho más serias que las encontradas en la piel; con frecuencia causa irregularidades menstruales e infertilidad y, además, está agravado debido a una hiperinsulinemia porresistencia a la insulina, con el consecuente riesgo de diabetes mellitus y síndrome metabólico. Dentro de los factores más importantes de su abordaje es la disminución de peso, así como determinar el deseo de concebir de una paciente,a partir de dichos puntos se decide su tratamiento
TEMA 13-2016: Intoxicación aguda por Ácido AcetilSalicílico. Parte 1: farmacología y fisiopatología
Authors: Chaverri Jara Rolf , Arce Jiménez Isabel , Valverde Zuñiga Adriana
Published: February 2016

El ácido acetil salicílicoes el analgésico, antipirético y antiinflamatorio de mayor uso en el mundo. La intoxicación aguda con salicilatos es entonces un cuadro frecuente, no obstante, a menudoel paciente no es adecuadamente reconocido o manejado. Esta revisión consta de dos partes, una base de la farmacología y fisiopatología del salicilismo agudo y un segundo artículo enfocado en el abordaje y detalles del manejo clínico. El conocimiento de la farmacocinética y farmacodinamia es vital para comprender el comportamiento clínico y la variabilidad entre pacientes. Asimismo, el entendimiento del proceso fisiopatológico tras la intoxicación asegura al médico la posibilidad de un abordaje integral. El objetivo de este artículo es discutir de forma exhaustiva pero práctica aspectos que faciliten al médico un manejo razonado del paciente.
TEMA 14-2016: Intoxicación aguda por Ácido Acetilsalicílico. Parte 2: Evaluación clínica y manejo
Authors: Arce Jiménez Isabel , Valverde Zuñiga Adriana , Chaverri Jara Rolf
Published: February 2016

El ácido acetil salicílico es el analgésico, antipirético y anti-inflamatorio de mayor uso en el mundo. La intoxicación aguda con salicilatos es entonces un cuadro frecuente, no obstante, a menudo el paciente no es adecuadamente reconocido o manejado. Esta revisión consta de dos partes, un primer artículo que discute las bases farmacológicas y fisiopatológicas del salicilismo agudo y el presente escrito, enfocado en el abordaje y detalles del manejo clínico. El objetivo de este artículo es ayudar al clínico a establecer un algoritmo de abordaje del paciente con intoxicación por salicilatos y comprender el razonamiento tras el manejo.
Tauberian conditions under which statistical convergence follows from statistical summability by weighted means
Authors: Móricz Ferenc , Orhan Cihan
Published: February 2016

The first named author has recently proved necessary and sufficient Tauberian conditions under which statistical convergence (introduced by H. Fast in 1951) follows from statistical summability (C, 1). The aim of the present paper is to generalize these results to a large class of summability methods (,p) by weighted means.

Let p = (pk : k = 0,1, 2,...) be a sequence of nonnegative numbers such that po > 0 and Let (xk) be a sequence of real or complex numbers and set for n = 0,1, 2,.... We present necessary and sufficient conditions under which the existence of the limit st-lim xk = L follows from that of st-lim tn = L, where L is a finite number. If (xk) is a sequence of real numbers, then these are one-sided Tauberian conditions. If (xk) is a sequence of complex numbers, then these are two-sided Tauberian conditions.
Methods for analysis of thiamin and folic acid by HPLC—DAD in fortified rice pure and mixed to milled rice before and after different cooking techniques
Authors: Silveira C.M.M. , Della Lucia C.M. , Pirozi M.R. , Montini T.A. , Pinheiro-Sant’Ana H.M.
Published: February 2016

This study aimed to optimize and validate methods for the analysis of thiamin and folic acid in fortified rice, pure and mixed to the milled rice (raw and cooked). The analysis was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector (HPLC—DAD). Different mobile phases were tested. Different ratios of organic modifier, pH ranges, triethylamine concentrations, and flow rates were used. For the validation, tests of recovery, repeatability, linearity, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) were performed. The optimized methods showed good resolution of vitamins’ peaks, excellent recovery (82.6 to 104%), repeatability with relative standard deviation of peak areas, and retention times less than 10% and high coefficients of determination (0.9998 for thiamin and 0.9997 for folic acid). The LOD and LOQ were 0.00193 μg and 0.0193 μg for thiamin and 0.000934 μg and 0.00934 μg for folic acid. The optimized methods demonstrated reliability and sensitivity in the detection and quantification of these vitamins in fortified rice, pure and mixed to milled rice (raw and cooked). Furthermore, the methods were performed in isocratic mode, with short run time (<13 min), reflecting positively on the economy of reagents and analysis times.
Simultaneous quantification of piperlongumine and piperine in traditional polyherbal formulation using validated HPLC method
Authors: Kamal Y.T. , Singh Mhaveer , Salam Shahana , Ahmad Sayeed
Published: February 2016

The alternative system of medicines like Unani and Ayurveda is preferred worldwide nowadays due to its therapeutic efficacy, lower side effects, holistic approach, psychological dimensions, and qualitative action of weather and seasonal requirement. A simple procedure is described for the simultaneous extraction and estimation of piperlongumine and piperine in a well-known Unani polyherbal formulation using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The chromatography was carried out on reversed-phase C18 (250 × 4.6 mm) column with a mobile phase containing acetonitrile—water (50:50 v/v). Detection was accomplished with ultraviolet (UV) detection at λ = 325 nm. The flow rate was kept as 1.0 mL−1. The proposed method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines for accuracy (94.4–105.0%), precision (0.37–2.17% RSD), and robustness (0.14–2.11% RSD). The limit of detection (LOD) values were found as 30 and 10 ng mL−1, while limit of quantification (LOQ) was 100 and 30 ng mL−1 for piperlongumine and piperine, respectively, which proved the sensitivity of the method satisfactory enough for accurate analysis of the both piperlongumine and piperine.
A Survey of Weed Management in Organic Small Grains and Forage Systems in the Northwest United States
Authors: Tautges Nicole E , Goldberger Jessica R , Burke Ian C
Published: February 2016

A lack of information regarding weed control, relative to conventional systems, has left organic growers largely on their own when devising weed management systems for organic crops. As interest in organic weed management increases, researchers need more information regarding the type and number of weed control practices undertaken on organic farms. A survey of certified organic growers was conducted in five states in the northwest United States to identify organic weed management programs and what grower and farm-operation characteristics were factors in weed management program design. Three types of weed management programs, with varying diversity in weed control practices, were identified. Stepwise binary logistic regression indicated that the likelihood of an organic grower using a more-diverse weed management program increased if the grower engaged in grain production and as the number of crops produced on an organic farm operation in 1 yr increased. The probability of operating a more-diverse weed management program also increased as a grower's education level increased. Organic hectarage operated was positively correlated with weed management program diversity, and with the adoption of cultural controls. Additionally, awareness of weeds as a factor causing yield loss was correlated with increased weed management program diversity. An increased awareness among researchers of the differing needs and abilities of organic growers in managing weeds on their farms will improve communication and outreach efforts when assisting growers with designing organic weed management programs.
Effects of transient creep strain on post-tensioned concrete slabs in fire
Authors: Wei Ya , Au Francis T. K. , Li Jing , Tsang Neil C. M.
Published: February 2016

The effects of transient creep strain of concrete on post-tensioned concrete slabs in fire were investigated by means of numerical modelling. Employing the commercial package Abaqus, three-dimensional non-linear finite-element (FE) models were established. The thermal creep strain of prestressing steel tendons was explicitly incorporated into the FE models. Three concrete constitutive models were considered – a basic model without considering transient creep strain, a transient model explicitly considering transient creep strain and the Eurocode 2 (EC2) model, implicitly considering transient creep strain taken from BS EN 1992-1-2. Through comparing the numerical results with those obtained from available tests in the literature, excellent agreement was achieved. Based on this, the basic model was verified at ambient temperature and both the EC2 model and the transient model were also verified in test fire scenarios. A main conclusion from this study is that transient creep strain should be considered either explicitly or implicitly in numerical modelling for its positive contribution to the fire resistance of slabs.
The Rise of Exporting By U.S. Firms
Authors: Lincoln William F. , McCallum Andrew H.
Published: February 2016

Although a great deal of ink has been spilled over the consequences of globalization, we do not yet fully understand the causes of increased worldwide trade. Using confidential microdata from the U.S. Census, we document widespread entry into countries abroad by U.S. firms from 1987 to 2006. We show that this extensive margin growth is unlikely to have been due to significant declines in entry costs. We instead find evidence of large roles for the development of the internet, trade agreements, and foreign income growth in driving these trends.
No Guarantees, No Trade: How Banks Affect Export Patterns
Authors: Niepmann Friederike , Schmidt-Eisenlohr Tim
Published: February 2016

How relevant are financial instruments to manage risk in international trade for exporting? Employing a unique dataset of U.S. banks’ trade finance claims by country, this paper estimates the effect of shocks to the supply of letters of credit on U.S. exports. We show that a one-standard deviation negative shock to a country’s supply of letters of credit reduces U.S. exports to that country by 1.5 percentage points. This effect is stronger for smaller and poorer destinations. It more than doubles during crisis times, suggesting a non-negligible role for finance in explaining the Great Trade Collapse.
A Consolidated Web Browser Interface Using Multiple Browser Libraries for Testing Web Designs
Authors: Barrios Exander T. , Eman Roñard C. , Paasa Patrick Angelo P.
Published: February 2016

This  study  aimed  to  create  a  consolidated  web  browser  interface  usingmultiple browser libraries for testing web designs. Specifically, this research effort intended to develop an application capable to test web designs on the top four (4) most commonly used web browsers namely, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, and Safari. Furthermore, this research undertaking also meant to develop an application with syntax coloring and line numbers to help web developers determine syntax pairing and differences between browser outputs, and which would allow the users to directly edit specified CSS and HTML code through the text editor. Through experimental development approach and consultation with seventeen respondents who were selected through random sampling, the researchers were able to integrate the cited web browsers into one application enabling the web developers to avoid downloading and installing web browser applications one–by–one, and giving them the opportunity to test their web designs either online or offline. Findings revealed that the consolidated web browser interface using multiple browser libraries could help test web designs. The resulting program consolidated into one application the Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, and Safari, through the use of GeckoFX, WebKit, and XULRunner, making the browsers stand alone tools. In addition, RegEx and Line Numbers were also used for the syntax coloring and line numbering. Further, the consolidated web browser interface using multiple browser libraries for testing web designs could lessen the problem in following a certain standard code of a browser, especially HTML and CSS codes.
Congruence of Human Core Faculties: A Phenomenological Inquiry on the Lived Philosophies of LGU Officials
Authors: Cayogyog Alvin O. , San Jose Ariel E.
Published: February 2016

The philosophical underpinning of this study states that the sound interplay of the intellect and will is necessary in living a good and happy life. Its main objective is to determine the congruence of the core faculties of selected local government unit by exploring their lived philosophies as public servants. To attain this objective, this study employs a qualitative method of research utilizing phenomenological inquiry via triangulation technique. The sharing of philosophies and experiences of study participants through a focused group discussion are triangulated with the results of the interviews with their barangay constituents. The results manifest that the dominant philosophies which ignite them to choose their careers are service as their life’s passion and service as their life’s orientation. These philosophies are expressed in their public service done with love, dedication and commitment; spent untiringly and timelessly not only in multi-sectoral but also in multidimensional areas with God as their driving force. These lived-philosophies are observed by their constituents through their sound relationship, appropriate support services, effective management and efficient programs of activities. Hence, the study confirms the congruence of the core faculties of the study participants through their lived philosophies as attested by their barangay constituents. This implies that leaders in academe, government, church, business, etc. who are agents of social transformation and development are hereby challenged to ascertain the congruence of their core faculties by striving to live their professed sound philosophies.
Developing a Web Proxy Server Application to Minimize Cross-Site Scripting Attacks
Authors: Emberda Eric John G. , Capon Siegfried C. , Maunda Johanah A.
Published: February 2016

Stealing information from a user’s computer through the Internet is a growing concern. One type of Internet attacks or Cybercrime is Cross-Site Scripting or XSS. It allows an attacker to retrieve information from an Internet user by inserting a script to a vulnerable website where it automatically mines private data from the victim, then sends those data to another website. This study was conducted to examine the different vulnerable aspects of a website. A list of XSS-vulnerable websites was gathered, as well as a list of different XSS scripts. These websites were tested with the XSS scripts to determine the entry point to which the scripts can penetrate. A web proxy application was created which implements different mechanisms to prevent these XSS scripts from successfully mining private data. The web proxy application was able to minimize XSS attacks by comparing the scripts inside the website with the database of XSS scripts. The researchers however, recommend that the process of preventing XSS scripts be improved by adding artificially intelligent algorithms that will read patterns for XSS scripts and distinguish them from safe scripts.
Development and Validation of Teacher’s Laboratory Competence Evaluation Instrument (TLCEI)
Authors: Paramo Orcheliza L.
Published: February 2016

The study aimed to develop and validate a teacher’s laboratory competence evaluation instrument (TLCEI) as an assessment tool for rating the competencies of laboratory teachers. This research was particularly conducted to identify the domains of competencies of teacher in handling laboratory classes and to determine the instrument’s validity and reliability. Cross- sectional design was employed using descriptive and analytic approaches to data analyses. A 54–item try-out version of the instrument was created based on the indicators identified by the selected laboratory instructors during interviews. One thousand college students with laboratory subjects participated in the pilot test. Item analysis of the try-out instrument reduced the 54 items to 35 for the final version. Pilot–testing for the reliability of the final version involved 100 students. The principal component exploratory factor analysis (EFA) indicated that the instrument measures three constructs such as “Laboratory Instruction,” “The Laboratory Environment,” and “Planning and Preparation.” The three–factor solution explained a total of 68.78% variance in the scale responses. The reliability coefficients supported that the TLCEI is highly consistent in measuring the constructs defined by the scale.
Women’s Health in Selected Banana Plantations in Davao City: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Fuertes Mary Ann V. , Lindo Ruperto Hector A. , Sagarino Emma V. , Lupase Victoria T. , Lindo Jean Suzanne A. , Nolasco Ivy B. , Sanchez Jessibel L. , Fuentes Raulyn C. , Petilona Dynah T.
Published: February 2016

In 2007 during the conception of this project, there were intense debates in Davao City on whether or not to ban aerial spraying of pesticides in banana plantations. The city councilors  were  pressuring  the  advocates for banning aerial spraying to present studies that would prove its adverse effects to human and environment. Thus, this study attempted to look into the health conditions of women of reproductive age who live in proximity to banana plantations. Furthermore, it intended to establish the significant difference of the general conditions of women who live in an aerially-sprayed community and those who do not. The investigation utilized a descriptive- comparative research design involving a combination of data collection methods. Three hundred purposively chosen women were interviewed and asked to go through physical examination and laboratory tests. One hundred participants came from each of the selected sites—Baganihan, Tawan-tawan and Mandug. It was found that a significant association between the type of barangay and the incidence of allergies, tuberculosis, and autoimmune disease among the respondents did exist. Higher number of these cases was evident in Mandug where aerial spraying is practiced. There is a significant association between the type of barangay and the reported cases of kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and thyroid disease. Diabetes mellitus was reported at a higher rate in Mandug. Kidney diseases, however, were higher in Tawan-
Editorial Board
Authors: * *
Published: February 2016

Editor-in-Chief
Renan P. Limjuco
Managing Editor
Emma V. Sagarino

Research Committee
M. Ma. Assumpta David, RVM
S. Ma. Luz dela Cruz, RVM
Adorico M. Aya-ay
Noel V. Laud
Renan P. Limjuco
Alvin O. Cayogyog
Elsa B. Faceronda
Emma Concepcion M. Fuentes
Maribeth Q. Galindo
Bienvinido E. Infante
Rhodora S. Ranalan
Ma. Eva C. San Juan

Panel of Reviewers
Ma. Linda M. Arquiza
Rogelio O. Badiang, Jr.
Clyde Chester R. Balaman
Lloyd Allan T. Cabañog
Pamela R. Castrillo
Felix C. Chavez
Bernadette I. del Rosario
Christine S. Diaz
Ana Julia P. Enero
Bonifacio G. Gabales, Jr.
Ma. Teresa M. Gravino
Edna H. Jalotjot
Cresenciano P. Justado
Lucila T. Lupo
Patria V. Manalaysay
Tamara Cher R. Mercado
Jinky Jane V. Millanes
Joseph Elmer P. Noval
Maricar Gay V. Panda
Victoria T. Pre
Camfel B. Tabboga
Elsie A. Tee
About the Cover
Authors: Chief Editor In
Published: February 2016

The cover shows a montage of images representing the themes of the researches showcased in this issue.  The symbolic convergence of two identical strong arch steel bridges towards a geometric solid of balance and symmetry captures the iconic portrait of a budding research culture at the University of the Immaculate Conception.  The mosaic configuration of snapshots overtures a powerful glimpse over the issues and concerns that create a consistent and reverberating clamor of societal depictions of today.

A heartfelt expression of thanks is extended to Engr. Michael M. Obenque for the layout of the entire cover.
Doing Research with the Indigenous People: An Autoethnography from the Ground
Authors: Cuizon Reynaldo O. , Ramos Arnulfo B.
Published: February 2016

What are the experiences of the researchers in doing research with Indigenous People (IP)? How do such experiences influence their thoughts, values, and advocacies with IP aspirations? What prognosis can be derived from their experiences? To answer such queries, a qualitative research was conducted and thereby revealed that the study participants describe research with IP as an in depth investigative process which upholds relevance, rigor, artistry and ethical standards.  It is undertaken through the use of diverse research methods like focus group discussion, survey, observation and in-depth interview, life stories or genealogy, three generation vertical test, document and photo analysis.  It involves face-to-face encounters, demands trustworthiness and credibility, and advances moral decency.  It enhances competence and boosts confidence not just in conducting ethnographic exploration but in pursuing the liberative education.  Furthermore, the participants developed the value of sensitivity to IP rights and culture, the virtue of respect to privacy, anonymity and confidentiality, the enthusiasm to share research-based knowledge through forums, conferences, meetings, trainings, and publications, and the solidarity and camaraderie with the IPs – immersion in their real life, discernment on their plight, and commitment in their struggle for their rights to ancestral domain and self-determination. Finally, for them, doing research with IP is noble. It is a call.
About the Monogram
Authors: Chief Editor In
Published: February 2016

The UIC (University of the Immaculate Conception) Research Journal International Edition monogram depicts two feathers used in ancient quill pens. Intentionally juxtaposed to resemble the iconic Yin Yang symbol, this abstract form signifies the physicality and spirituality of the highest form of intellectual activity---research. Aside from capturing the dramatic glimpse of ancient writing, which is the essential aspect of any form of publication, this powerful image also depicts the interconnectivity and balance between the multidisciplinary and international characters of this research publication. In response to the UIC quest for quality research outputs that can pass international peer review process, this symbol was conceptualized to remind all researchers of UIC to commit to the truthfulness, credibility, and validity of information derived from the rigors of research writing. Created by Jo Caliph G. Rivera, this monogram is meant to become a unique emblem in every cover of UIC Research Journal International Edition.

Dr. Renan P. Limjuco
Editor in Chief
UIC Research Journal
Recognition of Traffic Weight Using Sobel Edge Detection Method and K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm
Authors: Emberda Eric John G. , Dalagan Lovie Mae N. , Baguio Christy Faith O.
Published: February 2016

This study explored the use of Sobel Edge Detection and K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm in classifying the traffic weight of a given captured image. A software application was created that accepts as input, a snapshot of a given intersection. The application could determine the traffic weight of the given snapshot, as whether it is light, moderate, or heavy by comparing it to a database of images using the K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm. The accuracy of the result was highly dependent on the training data and the quality of the snapshot. Overall, the use of Sobel Edge Detection and K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm gave significant results in recognizing the weight of a given snapshot of traffic.
Rancidity of Used Cooking Oil and Heavy Metal Analyses on Selected Street-Vended Foods
Authors: Callano Annabelle A.
Published: February 2016

Intake of unsafe food causes many acute and life-long diseases, ranging from diarrheal diseases to various forms of cancer. Thus, it is imperative that safety issues on food adulteration and heavy metals contamination be evaluated for the benefits of the consuming public. Consequently, oxidation stability and heavy metal analyses on used cooking oil and four selected street-vended foods from three different sampling sites were done. Analyses of test parameters were performed using standard methods and procedures. Overall results of the analyses with three trials each showed that peroxide value, free fatty acids, cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) did not conform to the allowable levels set for the food products. The peroxide value was three to eight times higher than the limit of 10meq/kg since it ranges from 33.33 - 86.67meq/kg whereas Cd and Pb showed concentration of 0.60 – 1.57 ppm and 30.00-35.00 ppm, respectively. On the other hand, percent free fatty acids (%FFA) ranges from 0.72 to 0.93% on used cooking oil while selected street-vended foods FFA status were recorded at the range of 1.49 to 2.92%. The results clearly indicate oxidative rancidity due to repetitive use of cooking oil and heavy metal contamination on the test samples which were found to be significantly higher than the maximum limits. This could mean that prolonged exposure to these street vended foods is detrimental to human health. The high level of POV, Cd and Pb of these products can significantly pose food poisoning, foodborne disease, neurotoxicity and even cancer.
Linguistic Experiences of Adult Dyslexic Learners
Authors: San Jose Ariel E.
Published: February 2016

This qualitative - multiple case study highlights the linguistic experiences, gained insights and actions developed by the five dyslexic adult learners. Four research tools and in-depth interview were utilized to concretize the selection of participants and to obtain their linguistic encounters, respectively. Results revealed that participants’ linguistic difficulties were in the areas of spelling, vocabulary, in distinguishing directions and organizing and in keeping time. Apparently, word movement was also manifested. Mispronunciation of words emerged as the common embarrassing language incidents. Gained insights were varied such as self-pity, self-prophecy, and optimism. Reported coping mechanisms included reading ahead, pushing oneself, studying harder, becoming gregarious, asking for help from classmates and professors, practicing, and referring from websites. However, remaining passive was also expressed. It was recommended that further study should be conducted on the role of parents and teacher’s gender in the linguistic development of the dyslexic learners.
Employment Attributes and Expertise of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Graduating Students of AMA Computer College-Davao
Authors: Noval Joseph Elmer G.
Published: February 2016

This descriptive research was undertaken to determine the employment attributes and expertise of the graduating students of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT) of AMA Computer College (AMACC) Davao. To realize these objectives, a researcher-made instrument using the 4-point Likert type questionnaire-checklist was used. The respondents of the study were the BSIT graduating students for School Year 2011-2012 who completed the required 486 hours on-the-job training. Statistical treatments used were percentage, Chi-Square, Pearson Moment Product Correlation and Multiple Regression. Results showed that the graduating students possessed the basic characteristics, such as personal qualities, core skills and subject knowledge required by business organizations for initial employment. The respondents showed high levels of expertise in terms of knowledge and skills. Findings showed that respondents from outside of Region XI have higher personal qualities than those from Region XI. Students from public schools have higher personal qualities and core skills compared to those from private schools (sectarian or nonsectarian). However, no significant relationship was revealed between profile and level of expertise in knowledge and skills of the respondents.
A Structural Modeling on Learning Organization in the Context of Organizational Commitment, Organizational Culture, and Conflict Management Style
Authors: Adegue IV Cesar A.
Published: February 2016

Through structural equation modeling, this study aimed to develop a model of best fit for the learning organization with organizational commitment, organizational culture, and conflict management style as independent variables. Findings of the study revealed that the dominant levels of the academic institution are organizational and individual levels. Furthermore, the level of organizational commitment of the academic institution is high with affective commitment as the greatest contributory factor. Moreover, the level of organizational culture of the academic institution manifests moderately high level with criteria of success, organizational glue, organizational leadership and strategic emphases posting higher ratings while, the dominant conflict management styles are the compromising and integrating styles. Furthermore, there are significant relationships among organizational commitment, organizational culture and conflict management style when analyzed pair wise with learning organization. Correspondingly, organizational commitment and organizational culture significantly influence the learning organization but conflict management style does not. Surprisingly, through the structural equation modeling, the hypothesized models do not meet the standard criteria to fit learning organization. However, with the use of the deductive method, a model of best fit for the learning organization was established.
Phytochemical and Antibacterial Action of Taro (Colocasia esculenta, Araceaea) Aqueous-Ethanolic Leaf Extract against Selected Bacterial Strains
Authors: Nogodula Judee N. , Draug Jessa Marie D. , Jamero Maryjane S.
Published: February 2016

Taro (Colocasia esculenta) plant is commonly available and popularly used as food and alternative medicine. To prove its medicinal value, the study explored its secondary metabolites from aqueous-ethanolic leaf extract. Specifically, this investigation aimed to classify its acute dermal toxicity and antibacterial activity, determine its Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and identify the equipotency with the standard drug and mutagenic activity. Phytochemical screening of tannins, alkaloids, saponins, cardenolides and bufadienolides, flavonoids, polyphenol compounds and anthraquinones was performed. Five healthy female rabbits were used for toxicity test based on OECD guidelines 404. Kirby-Bauer method was employed for antibacterial activity (susceptibility and potency tests) using Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Clinical Isolate Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. A two-fold agar dilution was applied for Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Ames test was employed for direct mutagenicity assay using Salmonella typhimurium TA98. Results showed that leaf extract has no anthraquinone and it is categorized as non toxic up to allowable dose of 5000 mg/kg. The findings showed a significant difference on the mean zones of inhibition between Vancomycin and plant extract against S. aureus and between tetracycline and the extract towards E.coli. The MRSA and P. aeruginosa showed no significant differences. The MIC of extract is effective to MRSA and S. aureus at 105.26 and 50 mg/mL respectively. However, E. coli and P. aeruginosa are resistant up to the 105.26 mg/mL. Potency test revealed a non-comparability in strength between the extract and Azithromycin using Gram-negative bacteria. However, the extract showed comparable strength with the standard drug using MRSA and S. aureus. Ames test revealed a mutagenic activity using Salmonella typhimurium TA98.