bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Fertilizers on Productivity and the Quality of Oilseed Flax Products
Authors: Ivoilov A. V.
Published: November 2024

A review of domestic and foreign literature on the effect of fertilizers on the yield and quality of oilseed flax products (Linum usitatissimum L. ssp. intermedium) is given. It is shown that the use of fertilizers is an effective way to increase the seed productivity of flax. The effectiveness of fertilizers on the yield and oil content of seeds depends on many reasons: meteorological conditions during plant vegetation, fertilizer dosage, timing and methods of their application, methods of soil treatment, varietal characteristics, etc. In the first minimum, nitrogen acts to form an increase in the yield of oilseed flax seeds. Its optimal doses depend on environmental conditions and correspond to N30–60. At the same time, the best payback of 1 kg of applied nitrogen is achieved at a dose of no more than 30 kg of a.s./ha. The use of fertilizers is ambiguous, depending on the specific growing conditions: it affects the content of vegetable fat in seeds, reducing or increasing its concentration. At the same time, the use of fertilizers in most cases leads to an increase in oil collection per unit area. The database of removal of the main elements of nutrition (N, P2O5, K2O) by oilseed flax is presented. The average values and approximate intervals of the cost of nutrients per unit of basic production were calculated: for nitrogen they amounted to 34.8 kg/t (30.5–39.2 kg/t), phosphorus – 13.0 (11.4–14.5), and potassium – 29.9 kg/t (25.8–33.9 kg/t). They can be used as normative indicators when calculating fertilizer doses for the planned harvest.
A Comprehensive Software Verification Technology for Onboard Control Systems of Spacecraft
Authors: Kul'ba V. V. , Mikrin E. A. , Pavlov B. V. , Somov S. K.
Published: November 2024

This paper conceptualizes the main principles of comprehensive software verification for an onboard spacecraft control system. An optimal comprehensive verification strategy for onboard softwareis selected by rigorously stating and solving the corresponding optimization problem. Software verification methods with functional correctness indicators are proposed.
Increasing the Angular Resolution and Range of Measuring Systems Using Ultra-Wideband Signals
Authors: Lagovskiy B. A. , Rubinovich E. Ya.
Published: November 2024

The problem of obtaining three-dimensional radio images of objects with increased resolution based on the use of ultra-wide-band pulse signals and new methods of their digital processing is considered. The inverse problem of reconstructing the image of a signal source with a resolution exceeding the Rayleigh criterion has been solved numerically. Mathematically, the problem is reduced to solving the Fredholm integral equation of the first kind by numerical methods based on the representation of the solution in the form of decomposition into systems of orthogonal functions. The method of selecting the systems of functions used, which increases the stability of solutions, is substantiated. Variational problems of optimizing the shape and duration of ultra-wide-band pulses have been solved, ensuring the maximum possible signal-to-noise ratio during location studies of objects with fully or partially known signal reflection characteristics. The proposed procedures make it possible to increase the range of measuring systems, and also make it possible to increase the stability of solutions to inverse problems. It is shown that the use of the developed methods for achieving super-resolution to process ultra-wideband signals dramatically improves the quality of 3D images of objects in the radio range.
Interval Observers for Continuous-Time Systems with Parametric Uncertainties
Authors: Zhirabok A. N. , Zuev A. V. , Filaretov V. F. , Shumskiy A. E. , Kim chkhun ir -
Published: November 2024

In this paper, interval observers are designed for linear dynamic systems described by continuous-time models with exogenous disturbances, measurement noises, and parametric uncertainties.Jordan canonical form-based relations are presented for an interval observer that estimates the set of admissible values of a given linear function of the system state vector. The theoretical results areillustrated by a practical example.
Soils of Tundra and Sub-Tundra Larch Open Woodland of Tit-Ary Island (Delta of the Lena): Genesis, Properties, and Distribution Trends
Authors: Okoneshnikova M. V. , Lessovaia S. N. , Ivanova A. Z. , Desyatkin R. V.
Published: November 2024

Physico-chemical properties and vertical distribution patterns of clay minerals were studied in the permafrost affected soils from the tundra and sub-tundra larch open woodland of Tit-Ary island. That unique complex is located in the delta of the Lena river, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Despite the small size of the island and the fact that permafrost is close to the surface, several variants of pedogenesis determine the soil diversity in this area. The soils are characterized by various degrees of gleyic and stagnic properties due to sandy or loamy texture and location in the landscapes (top of the hills as well as steep or gentle slope). Mineral association is the same in the studied profiles characterized by the predominance of two components – chlorite and illite. Iron hydroxide–lepidocrocite occurred on the boundary of permanently frozen ground in the profile within pronounced spodic features as well as smectitic clay indentified in the both horizon of this permafrost affected soil can be attributed as a result of modern pedogenesis.
Polymeric lanthanide 2-iodoterephthalates: synthesis and structure
Authors: Bondarenko М. А. , Zaguzin А. S. , Abramov P. А. , Fedin V. P. , Zherebtsov D. А. , Adonin S. А.
Published: November 2024

Four new heteroligand metal-organic coordination polymers based on lanthanides and 2-iodoterephthalate anions (2-I-BDC) were synthesized — [Sm2(2-I-BDC)3(DMF)2(H2O)2]·6DMF (1), [Sm2(2-I-BDC)3(DMF)2.5(H2O)1.5]·0.5DMF (2), [Eu2(2-I-BDC)3(DMF)4]·2DMF (3) and [Yb2(2-I-BDC)3(DMF)(H2O)3]·4.25DMF (4), the structure of which was determined by X-ray diffraction.
Localization of Turn Points in the Rhythmic Movement of Sound Image
Authors: Shestopalova L. B. , Petropavlovskaya E. A. , Salikova D. A. , Letyagin P. I.
Published: November 2024

The localization of start and turn points in rhythmic sound movement created through the modeling of binaural beats (BB) was investigated. The BB-modeled broadband stimuli consisted of stationary initial and final segments with a section of cyclic motion between them. Spatial effects were induced by changes in the interaural time difference (ITD). During the experiment, subjects assessed the position of the movement trajectory ends or the position of reference points using a graphic tablet. It was discovered that the perception of rhythmic movement of the sound image was significantly influenced by the integrative ability of the binaural auditory system. The results indicated that with instantaneous switching between stationary segments, the perceived positions of the trajectory ends (start point and turn point) matched the positions of the reference points. Conversely, the smooth movement between the same extreme values showed a displacement of the trajectory ends: the turn points were localized further from the reference points compared to the start points, at all trajectory positions in space. Localization of the trajectory end crucially depended on the time that the sound had stayed near the turning point. These patterns were expressed stronger in the central area of the acoustic space compared to the periphery.
The formation of P.I. Novgorodtsev’s theory of the social ideal in the context of the creative reception of German philosophical and legal thought
Authors: Vasechko Vyacheslav Yu.
Published: November 2024

The author addresses the problem of interaction between philosophical and juridical consciousness, choosing as a subject the reception of philosophical and legal ideas of Kant and Hegel by the Russian thinker of the Silver Age Pavel I. Novgorodtsev (1866–1924). It is proposed to interpret Novgorodtsev’s philosophical and legal concept as a completely independent, original system, although it has undergone a certain historical evolution, like any living organism. The article includes three building blocks. First, the peculiarities of Novgorodtsev’s interpretation of the theoretical and methodological principles of Kant and Hegel, which he made in his doctoral dissertation (1902), are clarified. Secondly, the influence of these principles on the content and problems of Novgorodtsev’s most famous work, “On the Social Ideal” (1917–1921), is considered. Thirdly, the author traces the metaphysical (Kant-Hegelian) background of Novgorodtsev’s article, which was included in the post-revolutionary collection “From the Depths” (1918). The author’s work is intended to show that it is in the plane of contact between law and philosophy that the most acute and therefore the most significant epistemological problems are found. The regular actualization of these problems and the intense scientific and theoretical work on their solution by thinkers of P. I. Novgorodtsev’s caliber, in turn, explain the unflagging interest of the academic community in works of German philosophers.
Transport safety and security of transport as objects of criminal law protection
Authors: Chuchaev Aleksandr I.
Published: November 2024

The article characterizes the situation in the theory of Criminal Law in connection with the addition of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation Article 2631, which provided for liability for violation of transport security. The debatable issues of the legal nature of the crime, its object, the legality of the recognition by the legislator of the act as a transport crime are analyzed, the ratio of the latter and the specified encroachment is revealed, in particular, the features of the content of the signs of their compositions are characterized, including the difference between transport security and transport security. The negative impact of disputes in criminal law theory on judicial practice is shown.
РОЛЬ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ТА ГРОМАДЯНСЬКОГО СУСПІЛЬСТВА У РОЗВИТКУ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ
Authors: ЄРЬОМКА Данило , ТАБАЦЬКИЙ Максим
Published: November 2024

This article explores the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in fostering effective, transparent, and accountable local self-government, with a strong emphasis on citizen participation.  ICT has become an indispensable element in modern society, driving not only scientific and technological progress, but also democratic development. As civil society organizations and active citizens increasingly participate in local decision-making processes, ICT provides them with powerful tools for effective communication, mobilization, and influencing government decisions. The authors believe that the successful implementation of ICT in local self-government is crucial for sustainable development of Ukrainian communities and building trust between citizens and local authorities. The article further emphasizes the importance of e-governance as a powerful tool for fostering government transparency, transforming the interaction between citizens, businesses, and authorities.  E-governance facilitates access to public information, empowers citizens to participate in shaping and implementing government decisions, and improves the quality of public services.  The article also explores the impact of decentralization reforms on the evolving relationship between the government and the public.  It argues that decentralization has shifted from a centralized system to a more flexible approach that considers the needs of communities.  Simultaneously, advancements in ICT and its integration into public administration have made public services more accessible and convenient for citizens. The paper analyzes the two primary communication systems employed in Ukrainian government-civil society interactions: internal and external communication. It examines the advantages and challenges of digital transformation, explores models of collaboration between government bodies and civil society organizations, and highlights best practices for leveraging information technology to enhance local governance.
CONTROLLING ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE DUE TO DEVELOPMENT IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CONSTITUTIONALISM IN THE INDONESIAN LEGAL SYSTEM
Authors: Junita Putri , Hilal Cut Anastasia Nurul , Wibowo Fiana Suryaningtyas , Azzahra Hajar Auliya
Published: November 2024

Controlling environmental damage due to development is an important issue in the context of the constitutionalism of the Indonesian legal system. With the rapid development, the principles of environmental sustainability are often ignored, resulting in ecosystem degradation and a decrease in the quality of life. From a constitutional point of view, the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia places environmental protection as part of human rights and state responsibility. This article examines various legal and policy instruments used in the Indonesian legal system to control environmental damage, including the role of the Constitutional Court in enforcing environmental protection. Furthermore, this analysis highlights the challenges in implementing environmental policies and provides recommendations for strengthening legal enforcement mechanisms to achieve sustainable development. The research method we will use is a normative legal method which we take from literature data and then summarize. In this discussion we has contained information about what kind of development in Indonesia is based on constitutional provisions.
Countertransference Conceptualization From Freud to Era of Evidence-based Psychotherapies: A Conceptual Review
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Institute for Educational, Psychological and Social Research, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran., Khanipour Hamid , Yarahmadi Fathemeh ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aims to explore the concept of countertransference from the early days of psychotherapy to the present. Methods: Using a conceptual review method, this study examined articles and books in the domains of psychoanalysis and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) from Freud’s time to the contemporary era. The results encompassed definitions, theories, measurement methods, and management strategies related to countertransference. Results: The results revealed three main perspectives on countertransference, classical, holistic, and process-oriented. Over time, perspectives on this phenomenon have evolved to include behavioral and cognitive elements, such as avoidance, and distorted views of patients as other manifestations of countertransference. Countertransference is now viewed as more than just a reaction that hinders treatment; it is also considered a diagnostic clue to the patient’s personality structure and a valuable tool for gaining insight into treatment. Diverse tools have been to define and assess countertransference. A process-oriented model of countertransference provides a comprehensive framework for conceptualizing predictors and consequences of countertransference. Managing countertransference is a goal in all psychotherapy approaches with different techniques. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the understanding of countertransference has evolved from its origins in psychoanalysis to a trans-theoretical concept embraced by various contemporary approaches. A process-oriented framework for countertransference may effectively integrate diverse theoretical perspectives on the subject.
Determining the Association Between Congenital Heart Diseases in Fetuses With Plexus Choroid Cyst
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hazrat-e Fateme Masoume Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Arjmandnia Mohammad Hosein , Yousefi Maryam ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Rahimi Shima ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Vahedian Mosfata ,   Spiritual Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Sharifi Mohammadreza ,   Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, Rezvan Sajjad ,   Department of Radiology and Radiotherapy, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Afshari Sara ,   Student Research Committee, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Kalhor Narges ,   Student Research Committee, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Published: November 2024

Background and Aim: This cross-sectional study investigates the association between congenital heart diseases (CHD) in fetuses with choroid plexus cysts (CPCs) detected through fetal anomaly sonography. The study was conducted at Masoumeh Children Hospital in 2019. Materials and Methods: A total of 250 participants were enrolled using the available sampling method. The data included maternal age, gestational age, fetal sex, CPC presence, and CHD diagnosis. Fetal echocardiography was performed, and the participants were categorized into groups with and without CHD. The statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS software, version 22. Descriptive statistics, the chi-square tests, and the independent t-tests were employed for data description and comparison. Results: The mean age of mothers with CPCs was 32.1±10.92 years, while in the healthy mothers’ group, it was 32.78±10.73. CPCs were observed in 57.8% of female neonates and 62.6% of male neonates, with no significant statistical relationship to fetal sex. Although the group with CPCs exhibited more abnormal fetal echocardiographic findings, no significant association was observed between these findings and CPC presence. Additionally, no significant relationship was identified between pregnancy term and CPC presence. Conclusion: Infants with CPC had a higher incidence of congenital heart defects, as seen on the echocardiogram; however, there was no significant correlation between the presence of these cysts and heart defects. Thus, parents need not to worry.
Travel Heaven
Authors: Dr. Shilpi Jain  , Dr Madhur Jain  , Sourabh Kalyan  , Piyush Jain  , Aditya Sharma
Published: November 2024

The objective of this paper is to design and develop a comprehensive online accommodation platform aimed at simplifying the process of listing, searching, and booking accommodations for both travellers and property owners. The platform seeks to address common challenges faced by existing platforms, such as high fees, limited search options, and communication barriers between hosts and guests. To achieve this, the platform integrates features like secure multi-method authentication, advanced search capabilities, a transparent review system, and a robust admin dashboard for platform management. The development methodology follows a web-based architecture using modern technologies, including MongoDB for data storage, Node.js for backend operations, cloud services for scalability. User security and data protection are prioritized through compliance with GDPR and other relevant regulations. Key findings from the feasibility study indicate a growing demand for user-centric, feature-rich platforms in the accommodation sector. This platform is technically and financially feasible and has the potential to enhance user satisfaction by offering a more flexible, secure, and transparent marketplace. The platform aims to become a trusted solution for both travellers and property owners while ensuring adaptability for future growth and market trends.
Modifiye Tek Yama Ya Da Çift Yama Teknikleri ile Total Atriyoventriküler Septal Defekt Onarımı Yapılmış Olan Hastaların Postoperatif Mortalite-Morbidite Oranlarının İncelenmesi: Retrospektif, Tek Merkezli, 14 Senelik Bir Çalışma
Authors: Özdemir Özge , Şenkaya Işık
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışma rektospektif olarak tüm düzeltme operasyonu geçirmiş total atriyoventriküler septal defekt(AVSD)’li hastaların mortalite ve morbidite oranlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapıldı.Araştırma tek merkezli ve retrospektif türde bir araştırmadır. Araştırma Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Pediatrik Kardiyak Cerrahi Bilim dalında yapıldı. Operasyon için hasta ebeveynlerinden yazılı onam alındı. Araştırma verileri 10.03.2023-10.04.2023 tarihleri arasında toplandı. Araştırmanın örneklemini 111 hasta oluşturdu. Araştırma verileri SPSS programı ile analiz edildi. Kategorik değişkenler Ki-Kare testi ile, sürekli değişkenler, ikili gruplar için Mann-Whitney U testi ile analiz edildi. Analizlerde p
The Analysis of Causative Construction of Indonesia Republic President in independence Speech
Authors: Nasution Sarah , Mulyadi
Published: November 2024

Speech is a medium for conveying formal messages through events/ceremonies. The state speech is part of the sacred event commemorating the independence day of the Republic of Indonesia. The state speech contains linguistic matters in it. Therefore, the author examines one form of linguistics: causative construction in the speech text. In this study, the authors limit the problem only to lexical and morphological causative constructions as a form of linguistic research. In speech texts, it was found that morphological causative constructions were dominant compared to lexical causative constructions. It is due to the morphological causative construction targeting the indirect cause, which is carried out by the subject so that the language conveyed becomes more meaningful in the speech.
АНАЛІЗ ВПЛИВУ РОБОЧОЇ ШВИДКОСТІ НА ЕКСПЛУАТАЦІЙНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ МАШИННОГО АГРЕГАТУ: ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТА ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ
Authors: Мікуліна Марина Олександрівна , Саржанов Богдан Олександрович , Поливаний Антон Дмитрович
Published: November 2024

Дана робота присвячена аналізу впливу робочої швидкості на експлуатаційні показники машинного агрегату з метою дослідження та оптимізації його роботи. Дослідження включало оцінку ступеня та характеру впливу швидкості роботи агрегату в полі на такі важливі показники, як прямі експлуатаційні витрати на обробіток 1 га землі, продуктивність роботи агрегату та коефіцієнт якості виконання агроробіт. У дослідженнях використовувався сучасний тракторний парк, що складався з енергетичних засобів виробництва американської компанії CASE IH, а також номенклатура сучасних агромашин, виробництва німецької компанії HORSCH. Машинні агрегати були використані для виконання механізованих технологічних операцій з посіву зернових культур на підготовлених полях. Аналіз створених графічних моделей показав, що робоча швидкість агрегату істотно впливає на всі 3 експлуатаційні показники, що досліджувались. При зростанні робочої швидкості агрегату з 4-х до максимальних для сівалок HORSCH 16-ти км/год, відбулося падіння рівня витрат, в середньому, на 76,04%. Середнє значення продуктивності за робочої швидкості 4 км/год для 5-ти МА, що досліджувалися, становило 1,48 га/год, за робочої швидкості 16 км/год це значення збільшилось в середньому до 5,79 га/год, або на 291,2%. Максимальне значення коефіцієнта якості для всіх п’яти агрегатів досягалося при швидкості роботи на рівні 10 км/год ( k = 0,855). При відхиленні від даного значення в будь-яку зі сторін відбувалося стрімке зниження якості виконання агроробіт. Так, наприклад, при роботі зі швидкістю на 4 км/год повільніше та на 4 км/год швидше зазначеного рівня відбулось падіння коефіцієнта якості, в середньому, на 24,56% та 30,99%, відповідно. Результати досліджень дозволили встановити зв'язок між робочою швидкістю машинного агрегату та його експлуатаційними показниками. Також було розроблено оптимальні рекомендації щодо використання робочої швидкості з метою досягнення більш ефективного використання ресурсів, зниження експлуатаційних витрат та поліпшення якості виконання агроробіт. В результаті проведення даної дослідницької роботи було визначено, що оптимальне значення робочої швидкості агрегату може значно варіюватися в залежності від цілей та пріоритетів підприємства. Для одночасної мінімізації експлуатаційних витрат, збільшення продуктивності роботи та забезпечення якнайвищого коефіцієнта якості, в умовах даного дослідження, доцільно було обрати швидкісний режим на рівні 10 – 12 км/год, що приблизно дорівнює 62,5 – 75% від максимально допустимого, згідно технічної документації агромашин, що розглядалися.
Romeo and Juliet: a forbidden love story? A review of hybridization in keystone, aquatic megafauna
Authors: Arriaga-Mayorga A. , Castelblanco-Martínez N. , Aguilera-Miranda I. D. , Velarde-Lemus J. , Niño-Torres C. A. , Blanco-Parra P. , Charruau P. , Islas-Villanueva V.
Published: November 2024

Hybridization, understood here as the sexual reproduction between individuals of different species, is relatively common in riverine, estuarine, and marine environments. Investigating hybridization in wild populations of aquatic megafauna species provides important insight into their biology, evolution, and conservation. Here, we conducted an extensive and systematic review of published reports of hybrids in keystone, aquatic megafauna, aiming to provide a clear summary of state-of-the-art and hybridization trends in this group. We selected 129 journal articles reporting 80 hybrids in aquatic megafauna. We included mammals (40.3 %), turtles (33.3 %), crocodilians (17.8 %), and elasmobranchs (8.5 %) that are widely distributed in oceans and continental waters. Our results showed a clear increase in reports of hybrids involving aquatic megafauna in recent years, possibly reflecting the improvement in molecular techniques. However, this increase could also be a consequence of translocation of organisms and habitat modification by humans, and may have a critical impact on conservation, particularly regarding already depleted populations. Hybridization has directly or indirectly facilitated the extinction of many species, but it has also played a crucial role in the evolution and adaptation of many others. To determine whether hybridization is a natural effect or a collateral effect of anthropic pressures we need to understand its implications on the conservation of aquatic megafauna.
Trầm cảm, lo âu, căng thẳng và các yếu tố liên quan ở học sinh trung học phổ thông tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Trần Hồ Vĩnh Lộc , Huỳnh Ngọc Vân Anh , Tô Gia Kiên
Published: November 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Trầm cảm, lo âu và căng thẳng là các vấn đề sức khỏe tâm thần phổ biến, gây ảnh hưởng nặng nề, đặc biệt đối với trẻ vị thành niên (VTN). Tỷ lệ các vấn đề này ở học sinh Trung học phổ thông (THPT) tại Việt Nam, bao gồm Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (TP. HCM) tăng cao trong những năm gần đây.

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ trầm cảm, lo âu, căng thẳng và các yếu tố liên quan ở học sinh trung học phổ thông tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh năm 2024.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả thực hiện trên 976 học sinh thỏa tiêu chí chọn mẫu ở hai trường THPT tại TP. HCM bằng phương pháp chọn mẫu ngẫu nhiên nhiều bậc. Dữ liệu được thu thập từ tháng 02/2024 đến 04/2024 bằng bộ câu hỏi tự điền soạn sẵn. DASS-Y được dùng để đánh giá trầm cảm, lo âu, căng thẳng. ESSA được dùng để đánh giá áp lực học tập.

Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình của học sinh trong mẫu nghiên cứu là 17,0 ± 0,8 tuổi. Tỷ lệ học sinh nữ chiếm 53,4%. Tỷ lệ trầm cảm là 31,7%; lo âu là 25,1% và căng thẳng là 23,8%. Trong đó, tỷ lệ học sinh có trầm cảm hoặc lo âu hoặc căng thẳng là 42,4% và cả ba vấn đề chiếm 13,2%. Các yếu tố liên quan đến tỷ lệ trầm cảm là học sinh nữ (PRhiệu chỉnh (hc)=1,24; KTC95%: 1,03-1,50), áp lực học tập mức độ vừa (PRhc=1,82; KTC95%: 1,60-2,06) và nặng (PRhc=3,31; KTC95%: 2,57-4,27), cha mẹ đã ly thân/ly hôn (PRhc=1,44; KTC95%: 1,16-1,77), có tình trạng kinh tế gia đình đủ sống (PRhc=0,70; KTC95%: 0,54-0,88) và khá giả trở lên (PRhc=0,69; KTC95%: 0,50-0,95). Các yếu tố liên quan đến tỷ lệ lo âu là học sinh nữ (PRhc=1,30; KTC95%: 1,03-1,63), áp lực học tập mức độ vừa (PRhc=1,68; KTC95%: 1,45-1,94) và nặng (PRhc=2,82; KTC95%: 2,11-3,77), có trình độ học vấn của mẹ là THPT (PRhc=0,57; KTC95%: 0,36-0,88). Các yếu tố liên quan đến tỷ lệ căng thẳng là học sinh nữ (PRhc=1,47; KTC95%: 1,15-1,87), áp lực học tập mức độ vừa (PRhc=1,92; KTC95%: 1,64-2,25) và nặng (PRhc=3,70; KTC95%: 2,71-5,06), có tôn giáo (PRhc=1,23; KTC95%: 1,01-1,52), cha mẹ đã ly thân/ly hôn (PRhc=1,42; KTC95%: 1,09-1,86), có người mẹ biết đọc biết viết (PRhc=3,18; KTC95%: 1,10-9,13), trình độ học vấn tiểu học (PRhc=3,53; KTC95%: 1,34-9,27), trung học cơ sở (PRhc=3,80; KTC95%: 1,48-9,72), THPT (PRhc=3,18; KTC95%: 1,23-8,25) và đại học/cao đẳng (PRhc=3,61; KTC95%: 1,39-9,35).

Kết luận: Tỷ lệ trầm cảm, lo âu và căng thẳng cao ở học sinh THPT, với các yếu tố liên quan đáng kể như giới tính, áp lực học tập, tình trạng hôn nhân của cha mẹ, kinh tế gia đình và trình độ học vấn của mẹ. Nhà trường điều chỉnh áp lực học tập và tổ chức các chương trình tư vấn tâm lý, giáo dục về sức khỏe tâm thần cho học sinh và gia đình, nhất là các chương trình dành cho nữ sinh.

Từ khóa: sức khỏe tâm thần; Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-Y; sức khỏe vị thành niên
Role of PD-1/PD-L1 crosstalk on inhibition of T-cell activation and proliferation through blockade of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Smith Jacob
Published: November 2024

Activation, differentiation, and proliferation of T-cells are the major parts of critical defense mechanisms that strengthen immune surveillance. Many crucial underlying mechanisms that act on the initiation of T-cell activation, survival, and proliferation. PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is one of the key mechanisms that potentially acts on T-cell activation and growth through numerous pathways. However, PD-1 is the inhibitory receptor, present on the surface of T-cells and other immune cells, that inhibits excessive activation of T-cells to avoid autoimmunity. PD-1/PD-L1 crosstalk strongly inhibits T-cell proliferation through the prevention of the action of PI3K/Akt/mTOR cascade. Additionally, the PD1/PD-L1 axis induces the development of regulatory T-cells (Treg) and downregulates glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) expression via blockade of PI3K/Akt/mTOR machinery, and leads to cell cycle arrest of T-cell occurs. Therefore, inhibition of PD-1/PD-L1 is the breakthrough to restore the action of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis to facilitate T-cell activation and proliferation. In this review, we demonstrate multiple mechanisms of PD-1/PD-L1 crosstalk on inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
Biofuels in lime kilns – Operating experience in the Nordic pulp and paper industry
Authors: BERGLIN NIKLAS , VON SCHENCK ANNA , VAKKILAINEN ESA
Published: November 2024

The lime reburning process is a central part of the chemical pulp mill. It is energy intensive and consumes large amounts of fossil fuel, globally consuming about 50 terawatt-hours (TWh) of fuel per year. Conversion to operation with biofuel is interesting, both to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and to reduce costs.
Researchers interviewed managers in mills that use solid, liquid, or gasified biofuels to replace fuel oil or natural gas in their lime kilns, and they conducted surveys related to fuel consumption and operations and maintenance. In Sweden and Finland, there were ten mills in 2020 using biomass powder or gasified biomass as the primary fuel, and two more installations were under construction. There were also nine installations in operation or under construction outside the Nordic countries. Fourteen mills in Sweden and two mills in Finland used tall oil pitch as the main fuel. Fuel consumption in Swedish lime kilns was 3.8 TWh in 2020, and 90% of this energy was supplied with biofuels. Of about 4.2 TWh used in Finnish lime kilns, approximately 45% was supplied with biofuels. Developments in the design of the fuel supply system include belt dryers being used in all new installations and mass flow metered dosing systems being used in most new pulverized fuel installations. Bark gasifiers have increased considerably in size. Lignin powder firing has been established as a proven option. A solution for many Swedish and Finnish mills is the use of tall oil pitch as a replacement for fuel oil.
Implementation of Cyber Network’s Attacks Detection System with Deep Learning Designing Algorithms
Authors: Emad Kadhim Lubna , Aamer Fadhil Saif , M. Al-Ghuribi Sumaia , Abbas Ahmed Amjed , Kamrul Hasan Mohammad , A. Mohd Noah Shahrul , N. AL-Aswadi Fatima
Published: November 2024

The internet has become indispensable for modern communication, playing a vital role in the development of smart cities and communities. However, its effectiveness is contingent upon its security and resilience against interruptions. Intrusions, defined as unauthorized activities that compromise system integrity, pose a significant threat. These intrusions can be broadly categorized into host intrusions, which involve unauthorized access and manipulation of data within a system, and network intrusions, which target vulnerabilities within the network infrastructure. To mitigate these threats, system administrators rely on Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) to identify and respond to security breaches. However, designing an effective and adaptable NIDS capable of handling novel and evolving attack strategies presents a significant challenge. This paper proposes a deep learning-based approach for NIDS development, leveraging Self-Taught Learning (STL) and the NSL-KDD benchmark dataset for network intrusion detection. The proposed approach is evaluated using established metrics, including accuracy, F-measure, recall, and precision. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of STL in the 5-class categorization, achieving an accuracy of 79.10% and an F-measure of 75.76%. This performance surpasses that of Softmax Regression (SMR), which attained 75.23% accuracy and a 72.14% F-measure. The paper concludes by comparing the proposed approach's performance with existing state-of-the-art methods.
Mask FORD-NET: Efficient Detection of Digital Image Forgery using Hybrid REG-NET based Mask-RCNN
Authors: Whitin Priscilla , Sivakumar S. , Geetha M. , Devaki M. , Bhuvanesh A. , Balasubramaniyan Kiruthiga , Ahilan A.
Published: November 2024

Digital image is a binary representation of visual data which provides a rapid method for analyzing large quantities of data. Furthermore, digital images are more vulnerable to fraud when distributed over an open channel via information and communication technology. However, the image data can be modified fraudulently by intruders using vulnerabilities in telecommunications infrastructure. To overcome these issues, this paper proposes a novel Mask-RCNN based Image FORgery Detection (Mask FORD-NET) which is developed for digital image forgery detection. Initially, the input image is passed beyond the recompression module to reduce the insignificance and complexity of the image to preserve or transfer the data efficiently. After image recompression, the recompressed image is transferred to the feature extraction phase which is done by using REG-NET. The extracted features are received to the noise cancellation and ELA converter module to analyze and reduce the ambient noise. After noise cancellation, the data are passed to the MASK-RCNN module, to detect and classify the forged images and finally provide the segmented output. The Mask FORD-NET framework is simulated by using MATLAB. The efficiency of the proposed Mask FORD-NET framework is assessed by using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-measure. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the Mask FORD-NET framework has increased to up to 98.72% for digital image forgery detection. The accuracy of the proposed Mask FORD-NET framework is 80.72%, 86.32%, and 95.00% better than existing ASCA, VixNet, and MiniNet techniques respectively.
Harts, Hounds, and Humans
Authors: Bovaird-Abbo Kristin
Published: November 2024

In Middle English romance, hounds play a significant role in hunting scenes and function in the establishment of human identity for their masters. Dogs are of such importance to medieval hunting that in the oldest English book on hunting, the early fifteenth-century Master of Game, several chapters address the care and training of hounds. Yet in the Middle English Robin Hood rhymes of the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries, despite repeated references to the hunting of deer, no mention of dogs is made among Robin and his men. The sole reference to hounds occurs in Wynkyn de Worde’s edition of A Lytell Geste of Robyn Hode, when Little John encounters the Sheriff hunting with hounds and then leads the Sheriff on a hunt Is this an oversight on the part of the anonymous authors—dogs are such an integral part of medieval hunting that they need no mention—or is this a commentary on the characters themselves? What does it mean that dogs are absent from the world of Robin Hood? This essay examines A Lytell Geste of Robyn Hode to establish the practical roles that hounds played in the historical reality of the medieval hunt, to understand the extent to which hounds owned by the lower estates and in what capacities, and to recognize the relationship between animals—especially dogs and deer in the Geste—and humans.
Implementation of Smart Government Through Digital Village Information System
Authors: Saadah Mar Atun , Erida Erida , Syeftiani Try , Hendriyaldi Hendriyaldi , Tialonawarmi Feny , Tarigan Steven Pradana , Rambe Salwa Ayu Fadhillah
Published: November 2024

This service aims to increase the capacity of the village government in implementing smart governance with OpenSID while empowering the community as service users. This service employed the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method. The stages of activities carried out to achieve the goal were socialization of the urgency of SID in realizing Smart Village Governance. The activity was continued with training on the importance of SID for the Muaro Singoan Village Government. The team also provided assistance and training to the Village Government in managing the Village Information System through SID. Finally, socialization was carried out to the Muaro Singoan Village community regarding the understanding of the use of SID in serving the community. The service employed evaluation of attitude, knowledge, mentality, skills, partnership and follow-up that are conducted two weeks after the activity took place. This service resulted in changes in the knowledge, attitudes, mentality and skills of village communities and officials in organizing village governance with digital SID.
Empowering School Initiatives : Memperkuat Sistem Keamanan dan Dukungan di SDN 1 Bogor
Authors: Mahanani Fatma Kusuma , Amawidyati Sukma Adi Galuh , Cahyaningtyas Andarini Permata , Said Noor , Firdaus Aina Aulia , Ayu Sandya Sarira , Almaira Nur Fitria
Published: November 2024

This community service aims to strengthen security and support to prevent and reduce the number of violence incidents in schools. The service was carried out with a group intervention method in the form of psychoeducation both training and non-training for the TPPK Task Force, teachers and staff, parents, and students of SDN 1 Cawas. The methods used were FGDs by developing regulations through School SMART GOALS; training psychoeducation to improve knowledge and skills and increase the self-efficacy of the TPPK Task Force; and non-training psychoeducation to increase knowledge and awareness of parents, teachers, and students regarding the prevention and handling of violence in schools. The results of the service showed an increase in knowledge, and self-efficacy of teachers and parents, as well as increased empathy and knowledge about understanding violence in schools and efforts to prevent violence. The psychoeducation activities were able to increase knowledge, skills, and awareness for all elements involved in the school, namely the TPPK Task Force, teachers, parents, and students at SDN 1 Cawas regarding the prevention and handling of violence in schools.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Pakan Ekonomis Bernutrisi Tinggi Berbahan Dasar Maggot BSF
Authors: Yusri Andi Yunarni , Nurhidayatullah Nurhidayatullah , Jamaluddin Ruqayyah , Alimuddin Herman
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this community service is to improve the knowledge and skills of partners in making economical, highly nutritious fish feed using BSF mango as the basic ingredient. The method of implementing this service uses training and mentoring which is evaluated using interview instruments and analyzed descriptively. The results of this service activity show that training in making economical fish feed provides benefits and positive impacts for fish farmers, where farmers can make fish feed that is relatively cheaper and has a high nutritional content compared to manufactured feed sold on the market.
Posterior Lumbar Element Enforcement by Decompression Alone with Interspinous Fixation without Interbody Fusion for the Surgical Management of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Park Hyun-Woong , Han Moon-Soo , Jung Ji-Ho , Hong Jong-Hwan , Lee Shin-Seok , Lee Jung-Kil
Published: November 2024

Objective : In degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis, interbody fusion surgery (IFS) has long been recommended as the gold standard of surgical management. However, IFS is less recommended for high-risk patients such as the elderly because it involves extensive surgery, with a long operation time and high volumes of blood loss, which lead to marked perioperative morbidity. We report an alternative primary and salvage treatment technique for high-risk lumbar spondylolisthesis through posterior lumbar element reinforcement using interspinous fixation and decompression alone without interbody fusion.Methods : Plain radiographs, computed tomography scans, and magnetic resonance imaging, taken at different intervals, were used to measure local disc height (DH), vertebral body slippage (BS), and segmental motion angle (SMA). A Visual analogue scale and the Oswestry disability index (ODI) were applied pre-operation and at the last follow-up.Results : The local SMA decreased significantly by 3.46°±3.07°, from 10.61°±3.42° preoperatively to 7.15±3.70 at the last follow-up (p<0.001). The DH decreased from 8.61±2.88 mm preoperatively to 8.41±2.48 mm at the last follow-up (p=0.074). The BS decreased from 3.49±4.29 mm preoperatively to 3.41±4.91 mm at the last follow-up (p=0.092). None of the patients reported worsening pain or an increased ODI after surgery, and there were no surgery-related complications.Conclusion : Posterior lumbar element reinforcement by decompression alone with SPIRE™ fixation is an alternative primary and salvage treatment option for select patients with spondylolisthesis.
Application of a Disintegration-Dissolution Model to Estimate Formulation and Particle Dissolution Properties in Drug Development
Authors:   SHK, s.r.o., Krná 26, 985 25 Krná, Slovakia, Horkovics-Kovats Stefan
Published: November 2024

This systematic study investigates the minimal complexity of a first-principle-based disintegrationdissolution model (DDM) required to accurately estimate the physicochemical properties of final dosage forms (FDFs) and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Since direct measurement of API particle dissolution properties within an FDF is not feasible, simulated data sets were utilized. Dissolution time profiles were predicted for three distinct FDF compositions presented across three drug loads, considering both frequent and sparse sampling under stable and chemically degrading conditions. These predictions were then analyzed using DDMs of increasing complexity, focusing on their ability to capture critical FDF disintegration and API particle dissolution characteristics. The analysis employed nonlinear mixed-effects modeling to infer these properties. The study demonstrates that intensive sampling significantly enhances the identification of the optimal DDM, ensuring minimal complexity while allowing reliable inference of properties. This mathematical model provides a unique opportunity to gain understanding of the dissolution properties of particles within the FDF, regardless of the API's chemical stability. By simulating and analyzing a broad range of conditions, including both non-sink and sink scenarios, the DDM offers valuable insights into how formulation disintegration, particle size distribution, and chemical degradation of the API in the medium affect the overall performance of the drug product. The findings suggest that identifying the ideal DDM, marked by a substantial drop in objective function values, depends on selecting an appropriately complex model and utilizing intensive sampling. This approach ensures robust characterization of dissolution profiles and offers a promising method for optimizing FDF design and enhancing our understanding of drug release mechanisms at the particle level.
About the Blood of Saint Januarius
Authors:   University of Messina. Department of Mathematical and Computer Science, Physical Science and Earth Science. Avenue Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy, Fazio Giovanni
Published: November 2024

The study of the Blood of Saint Januarius (BSJ) involves three experiments: two spectroscopic analyses (in 1902 and 1989) and an attempt to produce a compound similar to BSJ (in 1991). The first two experiments do not provide a definitive answer, while the third produced a compound with some characteristics similar to BSJ (including liquefaction). The Church does not permit the use of a Blood sample from the ampoules. Therefore, we propose: i) observing BSJ's behavior on days other than the canonical ones, and ii) comparing the spectroscopic analyses of 1902 and 1989 with the same analysis that CICAP members will do using their sample
Insertion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt leads to sustained reversal of systemic inflammation in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis
Authors: Tiede Anja , Stockhoff Lena , Liu Zhaoli , Rieland Hannah , Mauz Jim B. , Ohlendorf Valerie , Bremer Birgit , Witt Jennifer , Kraft Anke , Cornberg Markus , Hinrichs Jan B. , Meyer Bernhard C. , Wedemeyer Heiner , Xu Cheng-Jian , Falk Christine S. , Maasoumy Benjamin
Published: November 2024

Background/Aims: Systemic Inflammation (SI) is considered a key mechanism in disease progression and development of complications in decompensated liver cirrhosis. SI is mainly driven by portal hypertension and bacterial translocation. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) insertion represents an effective treatment for portal hypertension. This study aims to investigate the impact of TIPS insertion on SI and bacterial translocation.Methods: We prospectively included 59 cirrhotic patients undergoing TIPS insertion. Blood samples were collected at TIPS insertion and follow-up (FU) 1, 3, 6, and 12 months thereafter. At all time points, we performed a comprehensive analysis of SI including 43 soluble inflammatory markers (SIMs), and surrogates of bacterial translocation (sCD14, sCD163). To investigate long-term kinetics of SI, C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cells (WBC) were retrospectively analyzed in a cohort of 177 patients up to 3 years after TIPS insertion.Results: At TIPS insertion, 30/43 SIMs, sCD14, and sCD163 measured significantly higher in cirrhotic patients compared to healthy controls. By FU6 25 SIMs and sCD14 measured at significantly lower levels compared to baseline. Interestingly, in patients with TIPS indication of refractory ascites, IL-6 decreased to levels documented in earlier stages of cirrhosis. In long-term follow-up, CRP levels significantly decreased after TIPS insertion, which translated into lower mortality in Cox regression analysis (HR 0.968, p=0.042). Notably, patients with residual ascites post-TIPS showed significantly higher CRP and IL-6 levels across all follow-ups compared to patients with resolved ascites.Conclusions: Decreasing portal hypertension via TIPS insertion leads to a significant attenuation of SI and bacterial translocation over time.