bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EUS-guided gallbladder drainage: a learning curve modified by technical progress
Authors: Tyberg Amy , Jha Kopal , Shah Shawn , Kedia Prashant , Gaidhane Monica , Kahaleh Michel
Published: January 2020

Introduction Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) is an efficacious and safe option for patients who cannot undergo cholecystectomy. It is a technically challenging procedure, requiring skills in EUS, and ERCP. The aim of this study was to define the learning curve for EUS-GBD.

Patients and methods Consecutive patients undergoing EUS-GBD by a single operator were included from a prospective registry over 5 years. Demographics, procedure information, post-procedure follow-up data, and information on adverse events were collected. Non-linear regression and CUSUM analyses were conducted for the learning curve. Clinical success was defined as resolution of cholecystitis post-procedure.

Results Forty-eight patients were included (58 % male, mean age 76 years). Twenty patients (42 %) had malignant cholecystitis. Most patients had lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) (15 mm, n = 29, 60 %; 10 mm, n = 8, 7 %). The remaining patients had FCSEMS (n = 9, 19 %) or plastic stents alone (n = 2, 4 %). Clinical success was achieved in 36 (86 %) of patients. Of the remaining 12, 7 were lost to follow-up and 5 had persistent cholecystitis. 9 patients (19 %) had adverse events including bleeding (n = 4), liver abscesses (n = 2), and hypotension. Two patients passed away post-procedure.

Median procedure time was 41 minutes (range 16 – 121 min), with the 41-minute time occurring during the 19th procedure. Procedure durations further reduced, with the last 10 procedures being 20 minutes or under (nonlinear regression p value P < 0.0001).

Conclusion Endoscopists experienced in EUS-GBD are expected to achieve a reduction in procedure time over successive cases, with efficiency reached at 41 minutes and a learning rate of 19 cases. Continued improvement is demonstrated with additional experience
Adenomyosis in a Perimenopausal Woman Treated by Potentized Poison Hemlock—A Case Report
Authors: Ponnam Hima Bindu , Ciluveru Nanda Kishori , Irfan Mohammed , Chakali Bharathi
Published: January 2020

Adenomyosis is a common pathological condition of the uterus where its diagnosis and treatment remain still a challenge to the treating physicians. Even though termed as benign, its clinical presentation of heavy, painful menstrual bleeding, infertility and hindrance to a women's quality of life makes it significant cause for treatment. The adenomyosis condition with significant symptoms is dealt with surgically in the conventional system of medicine by way of hysterectomy, uterine artery embolisation or endometrial ablation. These surgical interventions can be prevented with homoeopathic system of medicine. A case of adenomyosis in a 41-year-old female who presented with continuous heavy bleeding and severe pelvic pain was successfully treated with homoeopathy medicine, Conium maculatum, which is commonly called as poison hemlock. The medicine prescribed on totality alleviated not only symptoms of the patient but also resolved adenomyosis completely.
PC software-based portable cyclic voltammetry system with PB-MCNT-GNPs-modified electrodes for E. coli detection
Authors: Xu Ying , Dai Yan , Li Chao , Zhang Haijing , Guo Miao , Yang Yong
Published: January 2020

PC software-based portable cyclic voltammetry (PCV) systems have the advantages of portability, high performance, and real-time detection. In this paper, the PCV system used cyclic voltammetry (CV) as the main detection and analysis method and contained the following components: a three-electrode unit, a portable potentiostat, and PC software. The PC software was used as the system control and display, and a dynamic peak position adjustment (DPPA) algorithm for E. coli measurements based on thick biofilm modification on electrodes was designed especially for this system to realize the real-time correspondence between the measured results and the modified electrodes. The performance test results obtained by setting different detection parameters in the PCV system were compared with those of commercial electrochemical workstations. The difference was less than 4.99%, with a relative standard deviation less than 0.20%. An electrochemical biosensor based on a Prussian blue-multiwalled carbon nanotube-gold nanoparticle composite was developed for E. coli detection. After constructing an antibody-BSA-E. coli electrode modification on the sensor, experimental data processed by the DPPA algorithm showed that the logarithm (lg DfE.coli) of the E. coli dilution factor and the peak current response had a linear relationship. The PCV system could quickly and accurately detect E. coli concentrations with dynamic adjustment algorithms for biofilm-modified electrodes. Furthermore, the system could detect the electrochemical activities of various high-sensitivity biomolecules, showing great detection potential for on-site monitoring and meeting the requirements of real-time and portable detection in various food safety fields.
High harmonic generations by laser in xenon clusters
Authors: Ahmad Nafis , Alshehri A. M. , Ibrahim A.
Published: January 2020

Surface plasmon resonance enhanced high harmonic generation of intense short pulse lasers in xenon clusters is investigated. A laser prepulse partially ionizes the cluster atoms, turning them into plasma balls. As the main pulse arrives, plasma electrons execute large amplitude oscillations, creating a space charge field much higher than the laser field at surface plasmon resonance. The bound electrons under this field move out of the ions and return back with large residual energy. On recombination, they produce high harmonics. The number of photons emitted by the xenon clusters per second per frequency interval decreases with the emitted photon frequency.
Risk-constrained self-scheduling of a generation company considering natural gas flexibilities for wind energy integration
Authors: Goroohi Sardou Iman , Ansari Mostafa
Published: January 2020

Wind generation resources have already been subjected to a multitude of challenges to participate in competitive markets due to their production uncertainty. System flexibility, which is needed for reliable and secure operation of a power system with high penetrations of wind energy, may be provided by gas-fired generating (GFG) units. So, these units are considered as the key supporting assets for wind energy integration. In this paper, a biobjective stochastic self-scheduling strategy is proposed for coordinated operation of GFG units and wind farms owned by a generation company (GenCo), including objectives of profit maximization and financial risk minimization. Hybrid nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II and mixed integer linear programming techniques are employed to solve the proposed biobjective problem, providing a set of Pareto solutions. Additionally, a fuzzy decision making approach is proposed to choose the most preferred solution among the obtained Pareto solutions based on the level of risk seeking of the GenCo. The uncertainties of forecasting errors of wind power generation and natural gas and electricity market prices, and the contingencies of the GFG units are modeled in the proposed stochastic framework. A Monte Carlo simulation-based validation (MCSV) approach is employed to verify the efficiency of the proposed strategy in different case studies. The results of the MCSV approach throughout 10 000 real world scenarios demonstrate that the scheduling plan procured by the proposed hybrid stochastic strategy is generally more optimal than that of the conventional stochastic and deterministic ones.
On the structure of quantum vertex algebras
Authors: De Sole Alberto , Gardini Matteo , Kac Victor G.
Published: January 2020

A definition of a quantum vertex algebra, which is a deformation of a vertex algebra, was proposed by Etingof and Kazhdan in 1998 [Sel. Math. 6(1), 105–130 (2000)]. In a nutshell, a quantum vertex algebra is a braided state-field correspondence that satisfies associativity and braided locality axioms. We develop a structure theory of quantum vertex algebras, parallel to that of vertex algebras. In particular, we introduce braided n-products for a braided state-field correspondence and prove for quantum vertex algebras a version of the Borcherds identity.
Linkage-based device for creep testing of coal rock
Authors: Zhang Dongming , Ye Chen , Zhang Xianmeng , Qi Xiaohan , Yang Yushun , Li Xiong
Published: January 2020

The creep properties of coal rock have been extensively investigated under conventional uniaxial stress conditions, whereas few studies have considered its characteristics or the process of seepage under triaxial stress. This study proposes and verifies a linkage-based creep test device for coal rock to study its creep characteristics under triaxial stress. The deformation, pressure, and signals of acoustic emission under triaxial stress were measured by using a specially designed data measurement system. The experimental device uses the connecting rod loading mechanism for continuous constant pressure loading. Through theoretical calculations and finite element analysis, the authors show that the strength and stiffness of the device satisfy the requirements of a maximum load of 300 kN. A creep test was carried out to verify the operation of the proposed device and analyze the creep characteristics of sandstone under different confining pressures. The results show that the device can analyze the catastrophic characteristics of sandstone, and this proves its validity and reliability in terms of monitoring the continuous pressure or constant pressure of sandstone during creeping. The device provides a new method to study the creep properties of coal rock under different stresses and seepage conditions.
Electrical characterization of RuOx/n-GaN Schottky diodes formed by oxidizing ruthenium thin-films in normal laboratory air
Authors: Allen Noah , Ciarkowski Timothy , Carlson Eric , Chakraborty Amrita , Guido Louis
Published: January 2020

Schottky diodes were formed by oxidizing Ru thin films deposited on n-type GaN at 400, 500, and 600 °C in normal laboratory air, and their electrical behavior was compared to that of a Ru/n-GaN reference device. The GaN epitaxial layers were grown via metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The ruthenium films were deposited by electron beam evaporation. The Schottky barriers were characterized via current vs voltage (IV) and deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) measurements between 70 and 400 K. The temperature dependent forward bias IV characteristics were fit, and the extracted temperature dependence of the effective barrier height for each device was shown to be caused by inhomogeneity at the metal/semiconductor interface. It was found that barrier inhomogeneity could be well described by a modified log-normal distribution. In reverse bias, it was shown that the low-energy tail of the barrier distribution is an important factor in determining leakage current. Favorable results occur for diodes oxidized at 400 and 500 °C, but raising the oxidation temperature to 600 °C results in a drastic increase in leakage current. DLTS measurements reveal one electron trap at EC − 0.57 eV in each of the samples. It was found that the concentration of this 0.57 eV trap increases substantially at 600 °C and that trap-assisted tunneling likely contributes an additional pathway for reverse leakage current.
An analysis of defects induced by high dose γ-ray irradiation and their influence on the charge transport properties in CdZnTe detectors
Authors: Guo Rongrong , Xu Yadong , Wang Tao , Zha Gangqiang , Jie Wanqi
Published: January 2020

Radiation damage effects were important issues for the development of CdZnTe detectors in space-exploration field applications. In this study, we explored the radiation damage mechanisms on CdZnTe crystals based on the Kinchin-Pease model. The type and evolution of irradiation induced defects under different gamma ray doses were investigated by the photoluminescent technique. Laser beam induced transient current measurement was applied to investigate the influence of defects on the charge transport property. Our results demonstrated that the radiation induced defects accumulated negative space charges, which significantly distorted the electric field distribution and reduced electron mobility by enhancing the ionized impurities scattering effect. By correlating the results with 241Am gamma ray radiation response spectra measurement, the effects of radiation damage on the detector performance were discussed.
Nano-second temporal particle behavior in high-power impulse magnetron sputtering discharge in a cylindrical cathode
Authors: Cui Suihan , Wu Zhongzhen , Xiao Shu , Zheng Bocong , Chen Lei , Li Tijun , Fu Ricky K. Y. , Chu Paul K. , Tian Xiubo , Tan Wenchang , Fang Daining , Pan Feng
Published: January 2020

Systematic analysis of discharge processes is needed for a good understanding of the physical mechanism that enables optimal coating deposition, especially pulsed discharges sustained by high voltages and large currents. Owing to the temporal and complex characteristics of the discharge process and relatively simplistic analytical methods, the discharge process and particle evolution in high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) are still not well understood. In this work, a cylindrical cathode is introduced to restrict the discharge and delay plasma loss, and a global model is established to simulate the discharge on a Cr target in N2/Ar. Particles with different reaction energies appearing successively produce an asynchronous discharge phenomenon, and a series of inflection points corresponding to different physical processes including excitation, sputtering, ionization, and diffusion are observed from the particle density evolution curves. High-precision and time-resolved spectrometry (400 ns) is utilized to monitor the evolution of particles with time, and inflection points predicted by the model are observed experimentally to verify the particle behavior in the HiPIMS discharge.
Magnetic dilution by severe plastic deformation
Authors: Stückler Martin , Weissitsch Lukas , Wurster Stefan , Felfer Peter , Krenn Heinz , Pippan Reinhard , Bachmaier Andrea
Published: January 2020

Mixtures of Fe and Cu powders are cold-compacted and subsequently deformed with severe plastic deformation by high-pressure torsion, leading to bulk samples. The dilution of Fe in the Cu matrix is investigated with SQUID-magnetometry, whereas the magnetic properties change as a function of Fe-content from a frustrated regime to a thermal activated behaviour. The magnetic properties are correlated with the microstructure, investigated by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and atom probe tomography. Annealing of the as-deformed states leads to demixing and grain growth, with the coercivity as a function of annealing temperature obeying the random anisotropy model. The presented results show that high-pressure torsion is a technique capable to affect the microstructure even on atomic length scales.
A hopfield neural network-based Bouc-Wen model for magnetic shape memory alloy actuator
Authors: Wang Yifan , Zhang Chen , Wu Zhongshi , Gao Wei , Zhou Miaolei
Published: January 2020

Magnetic shape memory alloy (MSMA) actuator has potential application value in the aerospace, robotics and precision positioning due to the advantages such as small size, high precision, long stroke length and large energy density. However, the asymmetrical rate-dependent hysteresis between input and output of the MSMA actuator makes it difficult to build precise model of the MSMA actuator-based micropositioning system, so that the application of the MSMA actuator is seriously hindered. In this paper, a Bouc-Wen (BW) model is adopted to describe the hysteresis of the MSMA actuator. The parameters of BW model are identified online by Hopfield neural network (HNN). Then, the effectiveness of HNN-based BW model is fully certified using the experiments. The experimental results show that the BW model identified in this paper can accurately describe the hysteresis of the MSMA actuator at different input excitation.
Sn-modification of Pt7/alumina model catalysts: Suppression of carbon deposition and enhanced thermal stability
Authors: Li Guangjing , Zandkarimi Borna , Cass Ashley C. , Gorey Timothy J. , Allen Bradley J. , Alexandrova Anastassia N. , Anderson Scott L.
Published: January 2020

An atomic layer deposition process is used to modify size-selected Pt7/alumina model catalysts by Sn addition, both before and after Pt7 cluster deposition. Surface science methods are used to probe the effects of Sn-modification on the electronic properties, reactivity, and morphology of the clusters. Sn addition, either before or after cluster deposition, is found to strongly affect the binding properties of a model alkene, ethylene, changing the number and type of binding sites, and suppressing decomposition leading to carbon deposition and poisoning of the catalyst. Density functional theory on a model system, Pt4Sn3/alumina, shows that the Sn and Pt atoms are mixed, forming alloy clusters with substantial electron transfer from Sn to Pt. The presence of Sn also makes all the thermally accessible structures closed shell, such that ethylene binds only by π-bonding to a single Pt atom. The Sn-modified catalysts are quite stable in repeated ethylene temperature programmed reaction experiments, suggesting that the presence of Sn also reduces the tendency of the sub-nano-clusters to undergo thermal sintering.
Coalescence dynamics of a droplet on a sessile droplet
Authors: Kumar Manish , Bhardwaj Rajneesh , Sahu Kirti Chandra
Published: January 2020

The coalescence dynamics of an ethanol droplet freely falling on a sessile ethanol droplet is investigated experimentally using a high-speed imaging system. The regime maps showing the partial coalescence and spreading behaviors in the plane of the Weber number (We) and the volume of the sessile droplet (Vp) normalized with the volume of the impacting droplet (Vi) have been presented. The partial coalescence phenomenon is observed when the ratio of the volume of the sessile droplet to that of the impacting droplet (Vp/Vi) is greater than two. For Vp/Vi = 2, the size of the daughter droplet is found to be about 0.1 times as that of the impacting droplet, which increases with the increase in the We and normalized volume of the sessile droplet. In the present study, the negative curvature of the droplet coupled with the presence of the substrate leads to a different coalescence dynamics.
Spin wave modulation by topographical perturbation in Y3Fe5O12 thin films
Authors: Sarker Md Shamim , Yamahara Hiroyasu , Tabata Hitoshi
Published: January 2020

We present a comparison of the spin wave propagation in Au/Y3Fe5O12 and Pt/Y3Fe5O12 bilayers. Microwave technique with a co-planner waveguide arrangement was used to excite and detect the spin wave. We observed a suppression in the propagating spin wave intensity when a metal stripe is placed on the surface of Y3Fe5O12 in the spin wave propagation path due to the spin pumping from Y3Fe5O12 to nonmagnetic metal stripe. However, a significant difference in the suppression property was observed with the Au and Pt electrode layers, which cannot be explained by the enhancement of the damping constant induced by spin pumping alone. The significant suppression of the spin wave propagation in the Au/Y3Fe5O12 bilayer system is attributed to the spin backflow and two magnon scattering.
Fabrication and evaluation of highly c-plane oriented Mn3Sn thin films
Authors: Ikeda Tomoki , Tsunoda Masakiyo , Oogane Mikihiko , Oh Seungjun , Morita Tadashi , Ando Yasuo
Published: January 2020

MnxSn100-x thin films with different compositions (x=84, 80, 76, and 74) were fabricated on MgO (111) substrates by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering at room temperature and their properties were evaluated. The samples crystallized into Mn3Sn after thermal annealing at 400°C or higher in vacuum. The Mn80Sn20 film showed only peaks of the (0001) family in out-of-plane XRD profiles, while the other films additionally showed other diffraction peaks indicating their polycrystalline structure. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy confirmed successful fabrication of highly c-plane orientated single-phased Mn3Sn thin film in the x=80 sample. The sample possessed a weak ferromagnetic component in the film plane, whose magnitude was comparable with that of bulk Mn3Sn. On the other hand, the out-of-plane magnetization curve had a linear response within ±5T. This magnetic anisotropy is the same as in bulk Mn3Sn. The Hall curve measured with electric current (magnetic field) along the [011¯0] ([0001]) axis indicated a negligibly small negative anomalous Hall effect (AHE). This response was also the same as in bulk Mn3Sn. We thus concluded that the anisotropies of the magnetic properties and AHE of Mn3Sn in a thin-film form are the same as those of bulk.
Effects of annealing on photoluminescence and defect interplay in ZnO bombarded by heavy ions: Crucial role of the ion dose
Authors: Azarov Alexander , Galeckas Augustinas , Mieszczyński Cyprian , Hallén Anders , Kuznetsov Andrej
Published: January 2020

Bombardment of ZnO with heavy ions generating dense collision cascades is of particular interest because of the formation of nontrivial damage distribution involving a defected layer located between the surface and the bulk damage regions, as seen by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy in the channeling mode. By correlating photoluminescence and channeling data, we demonstrate that the thermal evolution of defects in wurtzite ZnO single crystals implanted with Cd ions strongly depends on the implanted dose. Specifically, the ion dose has a profound effect on the optical response in the spectral range between the near-band-edge emission and deep-level emission bands. The interplay between interstitial and vacancy type defects during annealing is discussed in relation to the evolution of the multipeak damage distribution.
Scale, rank and model selection in evaluations of land cover influence on wildlife–vehicle collisions
Authors: Markwith Scott H. , Evans Aaron H. , Pereira da Cunha Vanessa , de Souza Julio Cesar
Published: January 2020

Abstract ContextExamining land cover’s influences on roadkills at single predetermined scales is more common than evaluating multiple scales, but examining land cover at the appropriate scale may be necessary for efficient design of mitigation measures, and that appropriate scale may be difficult to discern a priori. In addition, the taxonomic rank at which data is analysed may influence results and subsequent conclusions concerning mitigation. AimsThe objective of the present study was to assess the influence of variation in spatial scales of land cover explanatory variables and taxonomic rank of response variables in models of wildlife–vehicle collisions (WVCs). Research questions include: (1) do the scales of land cover measurement that produce the highest quality models differ among species; (2) do the factors that influence roadkill events differ within species at different scales of measurement and among species overall; and (3) does the taxonomic rank at which data is analysed influence the selection of explanatory variables? MethodsFour frequent WVC species representing diverse taxonomic classes, i.e. two mammals (Cerdocyon thous and Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris), one reptile (Caiman yacare) and one bird (Caracara plancus), were examined. WVCs were buffered, land cover classes from classified satellite imagery at three buffer radii were extracted, and logistic regression model selection was used. Key resultsThe scale of land cover variables selected for the highest quality models (and the selected variables themselves) may vary among wild fauna. The same explanatory variables and formulae are not always included in the candidate models in all compared scales for a given species. Explanatory variables may differ among taxonomically similar species, e.g. mammals, and pooling species at higher taxonomic ranks can result in models that do not correspond with species-level models of all pooled species. ConclusionsThe most accurate analyses of WVCs will likely be found when species are analysed individually and multiple scales of predictor variable collection are evaluated. ImplicationsMitigating the effects of roadways on wildlife population declines for both common and rare species is resource intensive. Resources spent optimising models for spatially targeting management actions may reduce the amount of resources used and increase the effectiveness of these actions.
Humilifics in Mabzhi pastoralist speech of Amdo Tibetan
Authors: Samdrup Tsering , Suzuki Hiroyuki
Published: January 2020

Politeness strategies using specific word forms and morphemes are well known in Tibetan, in whichhonorificexpressions are in the majority. However, for Amdo Tibetan the politeness register is less well known. In this paper, the humilific politeness system of Mabzhi Amdo Tibetan is discussed in terms of ten morphologically-formed types, eight types of noun suffixes (/-ŋən/, /-tɕhəl/, /-tɕhəχ/, /-choχ/, /-ɦdəx/, /-ʈʋ̩/, /-rgen/, and /-ʂti/), and two adjective types (/ʔa xha ma/ and /nɖanɖa/), as well as suppletion. In addition, the article discusses both the use and misuse of humilifics providing case examples from natural conversation settings as well as a crosstalk (kha shags) performance to illustrate how humilifics are deployed, treated, and evaluated in the contemporary world of Mabzhi Tibetans.
Regression methods in waveform modeling: a comparative study
Authors: Setyawati Yoshinta , Pürrer Michael , Ohme Frank
Published: January 2020

Theoretical gravitational-wave models of compact-binary mergers need to be accurate, but also fast in order to compare millions of signals in near real time with experimental data. Various regression and interpolation techniques have been employed to build efficient waveform models, but no study has systematically compared the performance of these methods yet. Here we provide such a comparison. For analytical binary-black-hole waveforms, assuming either aligned or precessing spins, we compare the accuracy as well as the computational speed of a variety of regression methods, ranging from traditional interpolation to machine-learning techniques. We find that most methods are reasonably accurate, but efficiency considerations favour in many cases the simpler approaches. We conclude that sophisticated regression methods are not necessarily needed in standard gravitational-wave modeling applications, although machine-learning techniques might be more suitable for problems with higher complexity than what is tested here.
Plastic and superionic phases in ammonia–water mixtures at high pressures and temperatures
Authors: Naden Robinson Victor , Hermann Andreas
Published: January 2020

The interiors of giant icy planets depend on the properties of hot, dense mixtures of the molecular ices water, ammonia, and methane. Here, we discuss results from first-principles molecular dynamics simulations up to 500 GPa and 7000 K for four different ammonia–water mixtures that correspond to the stable stoichiometries found in solid ammonia hydrates. We show that all mixtures support the formation of plastic and superionic phases at elevated pressures and temperatures, before eventually melting into molecular or ionic liquids. All mixtures’ melting lines are found to be close to the isentropes of Uranus and Neptune. Through local structure analyses we trace and compare the evolution of chemical composition and longevity of chemical species across the thermally activated states. Under specific conditions we find that protons can be less mobile in the fluid state than in the (colder, solid) superionic regime.
High-mobility SiC MOSFET with low density of interface traps using high pressure microwave plasma oxidation*
Authors: Liu Xin-Yu , Hao Ji-Long , You Nan-Nan , Bai Yun , Tang Yi-Dan , Yang Cheng-Yue , Wang Sheng-Kai
Published: January 2020

The microwave plasma oxidation under the relatively high pressure (6 kPa) region is introduced into the fabrication process of SiO2/4H-SiC stack. By controlling the oxidation pressure, species, and temperature, the record low density of interface traps (∼ 4 × 1010 cm−2⋅eV−1@Ec
− 0.2 eV) is demonstrated on SiO2/SiC stack formed by microwave plasma oxidation. And high quality SiO2 with very flat interface (0.27-nm root-mean-square roughness) is obtained. High performance SiC metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) with peak field effect mobility of 44 cm−2 ⋅eV−1 is realized without additional treatment. These results show the potential of a high-pressure plasma oxidation step for improving the channel mobility in SiC MOSFETs.
Non-stationary oscillations of a box-like structure of a building
Authors: Usarov M , Mamatisaev G , Yarashov J , Toshmatov E
Published: January 2020

The problem of forced oscillations of a spatial box of a building is considered in the paper; it consists of interacting beams and rectangular panels under dynamic effect set by base displacement according to a sinusoidal law. The problem is solved by the finite difference method. Numerical results of displacements, stresses in the risk areas of the building box are obtained.
Forced vibrations of a box-like structure of a multi-storey building under dynamic effect
Authors: Usarov M , Mamatisaev G , Toshmatov E , Yarashov J
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to improving the model of a box-like structure of a building, taking into account the forces and moments in the zones of contact interaction of beam and plate elements. The equations of motion of the box-like elements, the boundary conditions in the base of the box and the contact conditions between the elements of the box are given; the graphs of panels and beams displacements are constructed.
The model analytical finite rod-type element for static and dynamic analysis
Authors: Kovalchuk O
Published: January 2020

The paper presents a mathematical model for the calculation of rod structures based on analytical solutions of static and dynamic equations of state for rod or beam elements. Analytical solutions of the equations of state are used in the work and the matrix of influence is constructed from them. The model underlying the calculation allows the use of a real diagram of stretching and compression of structural materials. For a mathematical model, analytical solutions are formed in matrix form. This approach allows us to use the known algorithms of the finite-element and super-elements method for numerical studies and to obtain the result with high accuracy.
Service life of hydraulic structure reinforced concrete elements according to protective layer carbonization criteria
Authors: Yangiev A A , Bakiev M R , Muratov O A , Choriev J M , Djabbarova Sh
Published: January 2020

In the given article the design of service life for hydraulic structure reinforced concrete elements has been performed analytically with the use of the basic techniques and by constructing reinforced structure protective layer carbonization models, mathematic modelling methods for physical processes. The main goal of the work is to determine the service life for reinforced concrete structures of spillways and its elements under impact of the environment during their operation.
Natural Vibrations Of Structurally Inhomogeneous Multi-Connected Shell Structures With Viscoelastic Elements
Authors: Mavlanov Tulkin , Khudainazarov Sherzod , Khazratkulov Islomjon
Published: January 2020

The methods for solving the problems of natural vibrations of structurally inhomogeneous, multi-connected, axisymmetric shell structures based on the hereditary theory of viscoelasticity are given in the paper. Using the basic relations of the hereditary theory of viscoelasticity and asymptotic methods, the problem of natural vibrations of structurally inhomogeneous, multi-connected, axisymmetric shell structures is reduced to the effectively solvable mathematical problem of complex eigenvalues, in which approximate engineering methods are proposed.
Calculation of the bottom of vertical cylindrical steel tanks under the action of special loads
Authors: Elenitskiy E
Published: January 2020

The operation of the steel tanks under the action of two types of special loads is considered. The first type of loads represents the overpressure resulting from the ignition of vapors in the reservoir itself or from the temperature effects of a burning adjacent object. The second type of loads is related to hydrodynamic pressure of product on shell during earthquake. New engineering method of calculation of shell-to-bottom joint is proposed. The results can be used in normative rules.
The influence of open cracks in compressed area of concrete on behaviour of bending elements of frame buildings under special alternating loads
Authors: Kurnavina S.O. , Tsatsulin I.V.
Published: January 2020

In design of seismic resistant reinforced concrete constructions it is necessary to take into account the influence of plastic strains on stress-strain state and on possibility of appearance of open cracks in compressed area of concrete while the sign change of the load. In order to evaluate the influence of this factor the design of reinforced concrete beams models with regard to elastoplastic diagrams of materials has been carried out. The dependences of residual cracks height, of bearing capacity and of limit value of coefficient of plasticity in the second half-cycle on the maximum coefficient of plasticity in the first half-cycle have been built. The conclusion has been made about the decrease of bearing capacity of bending elements, caused by the development of plastic strains and due to them the presence of open cracks in compressed area of concrete. The limit state criterion has been offered, preventing brittle fracture on following cycles of loading.
Increase of energy performance of residential buildings with enclosing structures made of masonries with application of ceramic blocks
Authors: Bedov A I , Gabitov A I , Salov A S , Biktasheva A R
Published: January 2020

Economy of energy resources in the Russian Federation is currently the urgent national environmental and economic problem as the package of measures providing energy saving has high profitability and environmental safety as compared with energy resources buildup. Therefore, much attention is paid to energy saving for the account of reducing heat loss through the enclosing structures at engineering and construction of residential buildings. Therewith, diverse elements of three-layer wall structures are reducing general reliability thereof at failure probability exposed to various factors. The buildings with the enclosing structures made of hollow porous blocks are slightly behind the three-layer wall structure by specific heat-resistant performance, with the base layer thereof consisting of solid ceramic brick and efficient heat insulation layer. The problem of construction and erection work quality is arising therewith. The heat engineering calculation of monolayer structure made as masonry of 510mm PORIKAM 14.3NF ceramic hollow porous blocks finished on the outside by heat insulation plaster is presented herein. Temperature fields are calculated in Therm 7.4 program. The design diagram for the structure part (cross section of the wall) is being made in the program for this purpose with indication of heat engineering data of the materials and overlaying of boundary conditions in both “inside” and “outside” surfaces. Graphic images of thermal fields and heat transfer are presented by the calculation results. Noncompliance with some regulatory requirements at making construction and erection operations are reviewed and simulated, with the reduced heat transfer resistance of the structures being calculated therewith. Noncompliance with the masonry technology results in increase of heat loss thereby reducing heat efficiency.
Increased carbon uptake and water use efficiency in global semi-arid ecosystems
Authors: Zhang Li , Xiao Jingfeng , Zheng Yi , Li Sinan , Zhou Yu
Published: January 2020

The semi-arid ecosystems dominate the inter-annual variability of the global carbon sink and the driving role of semi-arid ecosystems is becoming increasingly important. However, the impacts of climate change on the dynamics of carbon and water fluxes in global semi-arid ecosystems are still not well understood. We used a data-driven (or machine learning) approach, along with observations from a number of FLUXNET sites and spatially continuous satellite and meteorological data, to generate gridded carbon and water flux estimates for semi-arid regions globally, and then examined the magnitude, spatial patterns, and trends of carbon and water fluxes and their responses to climate change during the period 1982–2015. The average annual gross primary productivity (GPP), net ecosystem productivity (NEP), evapotranspiration (ET), and water use efficiency (WUE) were 628.6 g C m−2 yr−1, 9.6 g C m−2 yr−1, 463.1 mm yr−1, and 1.60 g C Kg−1 H2O, respectively. The climate conditions during the period 1982–2015 enhanced gross and net carbon uptake in global semi-arid regions. The spatially-averaged annual GPP, NEP, ET, and WUE in semi-arid regions showed significant increases both globally and regionally (Asia, Africa, and Australia). As with GPP and ET, WUE significantly increased in North America, Asia, Africa, and Australia. Australia was the most sensitive semi-arid region in terms of changes in carbon and water fluxes and their responses to climate. Semi-arid forests, shrublands, and savannas were net carbon sinks; croplands were minor carbon sources; grasslands were nearly carbon neutral. Overall, precipitation was the most important climate factor influencing the carbon and water fluxes; WUE in 40.9% of the semi-arid region was significantly influenced by precipitation. The global climate change is expected to influence global semi-arid ecosystems in many ways and our findings have implications for semi-arid ecosystem management and policy making.
The Growth of Vanda Seedling (Vanda sanderiana) with some Types of Plant Media Acclimatization and Concentration of Humic Acid
Authors: Kasutjianingati  , Firgiyanto R. , Firnawati L.
Published: January 2020

Vanda is one type of orchid that has the potential to be developed because it has a variety of shapes and colors. Propagation of hybrid vanda seedlings through invitro culture is the right solution to meet market demand. The aim of this research is to find out the right combination of acclimation planting media and humic acid for the growth of hybrid Vanda orchids (Vanda sanderiana). Experiments using factorial Randomized Block Design (RCBD). The first factor is the planting media (zeolite, fern roots, and bagasse) and the second factor is the concentration of humic acid (0 mg / L, 50 mg / L, and 100 mg / L). The results showed that the interaction between the treatment types of planting media and some levels of humic acid concentration showed no significant effect on the percentage of seedling life and on plant growth parameters (height and number of leaves), but significantly different in plant height on the planting media factor. The best growing media is zeolite stone.
The growth response of chili plant in sand land with the provision of organic material, zeolite and cane blotong
Authors: Zayin Sukri M. , Sugiyarto  , Firgiyanto R
Published: January 2020

The problem of chilli cultivation on land, for example is not optimal plant growth because it is not supported by adequate nutrition and water. Therefore, technological applications are needed to improve soil fertility in sand fields to optimize production, including the provision of organic material, zeolite sand and sugar cane blotong. The purpose of this research is to get the best dose of organic fertilizer, zeolite and sugarcane blanch to improve water retention, and cation exchange capacity and chilli growth in sandy land in Puger District and to get the best interaction dose between organic fertilizer, zeolite and sugar cane.This research activity was carried out from May to November 2019. The research was conducted at the Green House Laboratory of Plants and Bioscience - Polije, Jember, East Java at an altitude of 90 m above sea level. The design that will be used in this experiment is RAK design with 3 factors. The first factor is the dose of organic fertilizer with a level of 20 tons ha-1 and 40 tons ha-1, the second factor is the dose of zeolite which is 20 tons ha-1 and 40 tons ha-1 and the third factor is the concentration of sugar cane which is 20 tons ha-1 and 40 tons ha-1. The total combination of treatments amounted to 8 and repeated 3 times with each unit consisting of 4 plant pots so that a total of 96 unit plant pots. The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer was able to increase plant height increase at the observation of 2 weeks after planting, flower and stem diameters appeared, while the administration of zeolite sand significantly affected plant height increase 2 weeks after planting.
Micropropagation of Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) with Modification of Cytokinins
Authors: Erawati D N , Wardati I , Humaida S , Fisdiana U
Published: January 2020

The constraints of vanilla development in conventional vegetative propagation is the limitations of the parent plant as stem cuttings. The ability of the explants to regenerate and differentiate to form buds in vitro is excessive need to be controlled through cytokinin regulation to multiplication of vanilla seedlings as a parent, healthy and uniform. The objectives of this research is the effect of BAP and Kinetin to shoot multiplication vanilla. The study was conducted in the Tissue-Culture Politeknik Negeri Jember using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Treatment in the form of the addition of cytokinins in MS basal medium. Factor 1 is BAP concentration 0 mg.L-1, 1 mg.L-1, 2 mg.L-1 and 3 mg.L-1. Factor 2 is Kinetin concentration 0 mg.L-1, 1 mg.L-1 and 2 mg.L-1. Data analysis used the DMRT test of 5%. The result showed the emergence of vanilla shoots is not influenced by exogenous growth regulators and addition of BAP 3 mg.L-1 gave the most multiplication results of 3-4 shoots with shoot lengths of 2-2.5 cm at 28 days after inoculation
Eberhard-Russel Test of Stability of Several Genotypes Segregation in Five Soybeans at Centra East of Java
Authors: Poerwoko M S , Sjamsijah N S
Published: January 2020

Soybean is an important plant because of its role as a source of vegetable protein. Candidates for new superior varieties G-1, G-2, G-3, G-4, G-5, UNEJ-1 and UNEJ-2 have a yield potential of ton 2.5 tons/ha and are of early maturity (<76 days) and has resistance to the main disease of soybeans, leaf rust disease.The study was conducted in April to November 2018 in five soybean centers in East Java, namely the experimental plant Research Institute for beans and tubers in Genteng, Muneng, Ngale, Kendalpayak, andPoliteknik Negeri Jember.The experimental design used for each location was a randomized block design with ten genotypes with three replications. The size of each plot of the experiment is 2.8 m x 4.5 m. The distance between rows is 40 cm and inside the rows are 15 cm. Each hole is filled with three seeds, and after growing two healthy plants are left behind. Next is the stability of the Eberhart and Russel method.The results of the analysis for seed weight per ha are as follows, for genotypes G-1, G-2, G-3, G-4 and G-5 and UNEJ-1 are stable in five locations, while UNEJ-2, Malabar and Ringgit apparently unstable.
Induction of kopyor coconut embryogenic callus using 2.4-D and TDZ
Authors: Maulida D , Erfa L , Sesanti R N , Hidayat H
Published: January 2020

This research was conducted to obtain an effective method to produce true to type coconut kopyor seeds and determine the effect of 2,4-D with or without TDZ in inducing callus to produce somatic embryos. This research was conducted in the Lampung State Polytechnic laboratory with concentrations of 2,4-D 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 mg.L-1 with or without the addition of 0.5 mg.L-1. Further analysis of the data used the 5% LSD test. The parameters observed in this study were: percentage of callus explants, callus diameter, callus weight. The results showed that increasing the concentration of 2,4-D and 7.5 mg. L-1 could increase the percentage of embryogenic callus, callus diameter, and callus weight and the addition of 0.5 TDZ concentration to the 2,4-D medium resulted in a decrease in parameters. The best 2,4-D concentration to induce callus embryogenic in kopyor embryos is 7.5 mg. L-1. The use of 2,4-D for embryogenic callus formation can accelerate callus growth and obtain kopyor coconut seeds true to type.
The Implementation of Integrated Pest Management Technology in Red Chili Farming (Case Study of Dukuh Dempok Village, Wuluhan District, Jember Regency)
Authors: Eliyatiningsih  , Erdiansyah I , Putri S U
Published: January 2020

The use of chemical pesticides among farmers has been indicated in excessive amounts. Excessive use of chemical pesticides for a long time was hazardous to environment and human health. This study aims to determine the level of farmers knowledge to the implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) technology, the perception and behaviour of farmers in the implementation of IPM technology and the correlation between knowledge and perception to farmers behaviour in the implementation of IPM technology. The research was conducted in the Dukuh Dempok Village, Wuluhan District, Jember Regency in April – August 2019. The number of respondents are 30 samples selected by purposive sampling. Data were analyzed with nonparametric statistical using Spearman Correlation. The results showed that almost the farmers had a medium level of knowledge, and almost the farmers had a neutral perception. Level of farmers knowledge and farmers perception were positively correlated to the behaviour of farmers in implementation on IPM technology.
Quality management system implementation of ISO 9000:2015 on robusta coffee processing in Jember regency
Authors: Iskandar R , Rizal  , Halimah N
Published: January 2020

Indonesia plantation sector is continuing to produce good products including robusta coffee as a good prospect commodity. The problem that is faced is the lowest of product competitiveness comparing with other exporting countries, this has led to a study of the implementation of a quality system in export robusta coffee agribusiness.The study's purpose is to increase the quality of the production process on the processing unit of robusta coffee in Jember regency through continuous quality improvement based on ISO 9001:2015. The research location was selected by purposive sampling, which is Cacao and Coffee Research Center, PTPN XII Renteng, and Ketakasi Multipurpose Cooperative. The used method is self-assessment by pair assessment of the expert using AHP. The result shows the processing unit of robusta coffee Jember has 3 clauses of 7 clauses from strong category. But there is an important part of the quality system that is not standardized yet or has no standard at all. This problem can be fixed by applying the guidance and services of ISO training specialists and consultants. The clauses that became priority in its application in order is Leadership (0,259), Organization Context (0,244), Supporting (0,178), Operation(0,122), Planning (0,095), Increasing(0,053), and Evaluating Performance (0,049).Continual improvement is needed for clauses that have low priority.