bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of SIRT1 in Modulating Acetylation of the Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca
2+
-ATPase in Heart Failure
Authors: Gorski Przemek A. , Jang Seung Pil , Jeong Dongtak , Lee Ahyoung , Lee Philyoung , Oh Jae Gyun , Chepurko Vadim , Yang Dong Kwon , Kwak Tae Hwan , Eom Soo Hyun , Park Zee-Yong , Yoo Yung Joon , Kim Do Han , Kook Hyun , Sunagawa Yoichi , Morimoto Tatsuya , Hasegawa Koji , Sadoshima Junichi , Vangheluwe Peter , Hajjar Roger J. , Park Woo Jin , Kho Changwon
Published: February 2019

Rationale:

SERCA2a, sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+
-ATPase, is a critical determinant of cardiac function. Reduced level and activity of SERCA2a are major features of heart failure. Accordingly, intensive efforts have been made to develop efficient modalities for SERCA2a activation. We showed that the activity of SERCA2a is enhanced by post-translational modification with SUMO1 (small ubiquitin-like modifier 1). However, the roles of other post-translational modifications on SERCA2a are still unknown.

Objective:

In this study, we aim to assess the role of lysine acetylation on SERCA2a function and determine whether inhibition of lysine acetylation can improve cardiac function in the setting of heart failure.

Methods and Results:

The acetylation of SERCA2a was significantly increased in failing hearts of humans, mice, and pigs, which is associated with the reduced level of SIRT1 (sirtuin 1), a class III histone deacetylase. Downregulation of SIRT1 increased the SERCA2a acetylation, which in turn led to SERCA2a dysfunction and cardiac defects at baseline. In contrast, pharmacological activation of SIRT1 reduced the SERCA2a acetylation, which was accompanied by recovery of SERCA2a function and cardiac defects in failing hearts. Lysine 492 (K492) was of critical importance for the regulation of SERCA2a activity via acetylation. Acetylation at K492 significantly reduced the SERCA2a activity, presumably through interfering with the binding of ATP to SERCA2a. In failing hearts, acetylation at K492 appeared to be mediated by p300 (histone acetyltransferase p300), a histone acetyltransferase.

Conclusions:

These results indicate that acetylation/deacetylation at K492, which is regulated by SIRT1 and p300, is critical for the regulation of SERCA2a activity in hearts. Pharmacological activation of SIRT1 can restore SERCA2a activity through deacetylation at K492. These findings might provide a novel strategy for the treatment of heart failure.
Glucocorticoids Regulate Bone Marrow B Lymphopoiesis After Stroke
Authors: Courties Gabriel , Frodermann Vanessa , Honold Lisa , Zheng Yi , Herisson Fanny , Schloss Maximilian J. , Sun Yuan , Presumey Jessy , Severe Nicolas , Engblom Camilla , Hulsmans Maarten , Cremer Sebastian , Rohde David , Pittet Mikael J. , Scadden David T. , Swirski Filip K. , Kim Dong-Eog , Moskowitz Michael A. , Nahrendorf Matthias
Published: February 2019

Rationale:

After a stroke, patients frequently experience altered systemic immunity resulting in peripheral immunosuppression and higher susceptibility to infections, which is at least partly attributed to lymphopenia. The mechanisms that profoundly change the systemic leukocyte repertoire after stroke are incompletely understood. Emerging evidence indicates that stroke alters hematopoietic output of the bone marrow.

Objective:

To explore the mechanisms that lead to defects of B lymphopoiesis after ischemic stroke.

Methods and Results:

We here report that ischemic stroke triggers brain-bone marrow communication via hormonal long-range signals that regulate hematopoietic B lineage decisions. Bone marrow fluorescence-activated cell sorter analyses and serial intravital microscopy indicate that transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice arrests B-cell development beginning at the pro-B-cell stage. This phenotype was not rescued in Myd88
−/−
and TLR4
−/−
mice with disrupted TLR (Toll-like receptor) signaling or after blockage of peripheral sympathetic nerves. Mechanistically, we identified stroke-induced glucocorticoid release as the main instigator of B lymphopoiesis defects. B-cell lineage-specific deletion of the GR (glucocorticoid receptor) in CD19-Cre loxP Nr3c1 mice attenuated lymphocytopenia after transient middle cerebral artery. In 20 patients with acute stroke, increased cortisol levels inversely correlated with blood lymphocyte numbers.

Conclusions:

Our data demonstrate that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis mediates B lymphopoiesis defects after ischemic stroke.
Taxonomic studies on Agapetes in Myanmar I: Agapetes reflexiloba, a new species from Kachin State, and notes on three rediscovered species including two new records for Myanmar
Authors: YANG BIN , DING HONG-BO , ZHOU SHI-SHUN , MAW MYA BHONE , MAUNG KYAW WIN , TAN YUN-HONG
Published: February 2019

A new species of Ericaceae, Agapetes reflexiloba, from Putao, Kachin State, Myanmar, is described and a colour plate is provided, affiliated to Agapetes sect. Agapetes ser. Graciles Airy-Shaw. The new species is morphologically similar to A. nutans, A. linearifolia and A. angustifolia of the Series Graciles in having linear to lanceolate narrow leaves and corymbose-racemose inflorescences and very short filaments. It is, however, readily distinguished from its three relatives by having a purplish red to dark red acuminate corolla apex in flower buds and conspicuously reflexed corolla lobes in anthesis, and corolla light brownish yellow to brownish yellow, and with 5 deep purple red zig-zag stripes. The rediscovery of Agapetes bhareliana and A. linearifolia is also reported from Kachin state, Northern Myanmar, after a gap of more than eight decades. Both are new records for Myanmar. Agapetes nana was also recollected 64 years after the collection made by F. Kingdon Ward between 1952 and 1953. Agapetes nana (Griff.) Hook. f. var. robusta Airy Shaw is newly proposed as a synonym of A. nana. A revised taxonomic description along with colour plate and distributional map are provided.
Autalia villosa, a new species from Korea, and an annotated catalog of the genus Autalia Leach (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)
Authors: PARK JONG-SEOK , AHN KEE-JEONG
Published: February 2019

A new species, Autalia villosa Park & Ahn (type locality: Mt. Seoraksan, Gangwon Prov., Korea), is described from Korea. An illustration of the habitus and line drawings of diagnostic characters are presented. An annotated world catalog of the genus Autalia Leach is provided.
Erratum
Authors: VAS-DE-MELLO F. Z.
Published: February 2019

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Cladistic analysis finds a placement for an enigmatic species, Peyerimhoffia sepei sp. n. (Diptera: Sciaridae), with a note on its spermatophore
Authors: HIPPA HEIKKI , VILKAMAA PEKKA
Published: February 2019

A new species of Sciaridae from northern Europe, with an exceptional combination of characters, is placed in the phylogenetic system of the family by a cladistic analysis. The new species, Peyerimhoffia sepei sp. n., is described and illustrated, and the spermatophores of Sciaridae are briefly discussed.
Species of Rhodesiella from Guangdong, South China (Diptera: Chloropidae)
Authors: XU YANLING , YANG DING
Published: February 2019

Rhodesiella guangdongensis sp. nov. is described from Guangdong, China. Its relationship with related species of Rhodesiella is discussed.
On plant mites from Guadeloupe, with descriptions of four new species of Eriophyidae
Authors: FLECHTMANN CARLOS H.W. , ETIENNE JEAN
Published: February 2019

Seven species of plant mites are reported from Guadeloupe: two spider mites, Oligonychus biharensis (Hirst) and Tetranychus mexicanus (McGregor), Tetranychidae; one false spider mite, Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes), Tenuipalpidae; two eriophyid mites, Colomerus bucidae (Nalepa) and Ectomerus triquetrus Flechtmann & Etienne, Eriophyidae; two phytoseiid mites, Amblyseius largoensis (Muma) and Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark & Muma, Phytoseiidae; and, four new species of eriophyid mites, namely Acalitus cracens n. sp. from Turnera subulata Smith (Turneraceae), Aceria doliolum n. sp. from Haematoxylon campechianum L. (Caesalpiniaceae), Eriophyes gallitor n. sp. from Sideroxylon obovatum (Lam.) (Sapotaceae) and Vasates caritus n. sp. from Haematoxylon campechianum L. (Caesalpiniaceae).
Primary type specimens of sucking lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Anoplura) in the U.S. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution
Authors: DURDEN LANCE A. , ADAMS NANCY E.
Published: February 2019

An annotated list is presented of the 110 primary types (holotypes, lectotypes, syntypes, or neotypes) of sucking lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Anoplura) deposited in the U.S. National Museum of Natural History (USNM), Smithsonian Institution, as of May 2005. Annotations for each taxon are listed alphabetically by specific epithet, and are followed by the original generic assignment and (in parentheses) the current family designation. Next, the author, year of description, and original citation are provided. The primary type held in the USNM (with USNM type number, slide number and other relevant data, if these were assigned), original collection data, current taxonomic assignment (if different from the original designation), and additional taxonomic remarks, if relevant, are then given. Brief information on allotypes and paratypes are included if these are mounted on the same microscope slide as the primary type or if they are otherwise relevant. The types include those of the type species of seven genera (Abrocomaphthirus Durden & Webb, Atopophthirus Kim & Emerson, Haematopinoides Osborn, Latagophthirus Kim & Emerson, Pecaroecus Babcock &Ewing, Phthirpediculus Ewing, and Sathrax Johnson) one of which is the type genus of a family (Pecaroecidae). Primary types for five species of Anoplura that have not yet been described, and for another four species that were described in an unpublished dissertation are also deposited in the USNM. Hosts and collection data for these nine specimens are briefly mentioned after the main list; however, species names are excluded because these names currently have no nomenclatural standing. A neotype specimen is designated for Haematopinus montanus Osborn, 1896, a taxon which is currently treated as a junior synonym of Linognathoides laeviusculus (Grube, 1851).
A new species of stag beetle from sand dunes in west Texas, and a synopsis of the genus Nicagus (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Aesalinae: Nicagini)
Authors: PAULSEN M. J. , SMITH AARON D.
Published: February 2019

A new species of stag beetle, Nicagus occultus n. sp., is described from the Monahans Sandhills of western Texas. Previously, the genus Nicagus contained only two species: N. obscurus (LeConte) from the eastern and central United States and southern Canada, and N. japonicus Nagel from Japan. The discovery of N. occultus represents both an unexpected range extension and an unusual habitat (unvegetated sand dunes) for the family Lucanidae. A synopsis (diagnosis and distribution) for each Nicagus species is given, including detailed distributional information for N. obscurus.
New taxa of Elimaeini (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) from South East Asia
Authors: INGRISCH SIGFRID
Published: February 2019

Based on specimens in various museum collections one new subgenus and six new species of Elimaeini are described: Poaefoliana subgen. n. (type species Locusta poaefolia De Haan, 1842) of Elimaea Stål, 1874; Elimaea (Poaefoliana) albimaculata sp. n., E. (P.) jitra sp. n., E. (P.) kutu sp. n., Elimaea (Schizelimaea) singgalang sp. n., Orthelimaea kanburi sp. n., O. volsella sp. n. Three classical species were also combined with the new subgenus: Elimaea (Poaefoliana) poaefolia (De Haan, 1842) comb. n., E. (P.) rosea Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1878 comb. n., E. (P.) jacobsoni Karny, 1926 comb. n. A lectotype for E. rosea is fixed as the type series is not homogenous.
Description of a new subspecies of Prosopocoilus antilopus (Swederus, 1787) (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) from Annobón Island, Gulf of Guinea
Authors: MATSUMOTO KEITA
Published: February 2019

Annobón is an extinct volcano about 17.5 km2 in area, and it is the furthest out and one of the smallest islands of the Gulf of Guinea, which also include Bioko, Príncipe, and São Tomé. A series of Prosopocoilus Westwood, 1845 collected from Annobón was found in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London (BMNH), where it was misidentified as Prosopocoilus natalensis (Parry, 1864).
Antennal ultrastructure in Patia (Pieridae, Dismorphiinae)
Authors: CASTRO-GERARDINO DIANA JIMENA , LLORENTE-BOUSQUETS JORGE
Published: February 2019

In our previous work we studied the ultrastructure of the antennae of pierids through a character analysis. In this study we describe the antennal ultrastructure of three species and six subspecies of Patia focused on these traits at the intrageneric level. Patia is a genus of Dismorphiinae with the highest number of scaleless antennomeres (nudum = 11‒15). Therefore, the length of its antennal club is greater than that of any other genus of the subfamily. Several other features differentiate the species of Patia, particularly the number of sulci and pseudosulci and its contour or perimeter. A pattern was observed, especially in P. rhetes, in which the central sulci are disintegrated and surrounded by several pseudosulci in the basal antennomeres and along the club; in the medial and distal antennomeres, the pseudosulci merge to form sulci aggregates. Pseudosulci are uncommon on the distal antennomeres, even in P. rhetes. The central sulci are irregular and have a discontinuous edge when they are disaggregated and accompanied by pseudosulci; those that are elliptical and have a continuous contour, seldom have pseudosulci nearby. Another noteworthy feature is the different shapes of the distal antennomere that occur in the subspecies of P. cordillera and P. orise. In the former, this antennomere is quite elongated and ends at a point, whereas the distal one is less elongated and its apex blunt. Patia rhetes shows the lowest number of scaleless antennomeres (n = 11) while P. cordillera sspp. the largest (n = 14 or 15). The variety of the sensilla present in the Patia species does not provide specific differences, except in P. cordillera sororna where we discovered the presence of a claviform sensillum that does not present in any other species or subspecies. In our small sample size, we did not observe sexual dimorphism.
New records of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Khuzestan Province (South Iran) with description of three new species
Authors: PEŠIĆ VLADIMIR , ASADI MAHDIEH , ETEMADI ISA , SMIT HARRY
Published: February 2019

New records of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Khuzestan Province of Iran are presented. Three species, i.e. Torrenticola khuzestanica, T. neoungeri (Torrenticolidae), and Atractides khuzestanicus (Hygrobatidae) are described as new to science.
Male description of Horcomutilla projectifrons (Cresson, 1902) Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) and the first host record for the genus
Authors: LOPEZ VINICIUS M. , BARTHOLOMAY PEDRO R. , LIMA FELIPE V.O. , SILVESTRE ROGERIO
Published: February 2019

Velvet ants (Mutillidae) are solitary wasps whose larvae act as ectoparasitoids of encapsulated immatures of other insects, especially other solitary Hymenoptera (Luz et al. 2016). The natural history of most mutillids is unknown; for example, only 2–3% of the species have their hosts reported (Brothers 1989). Apidae species, however, are among the hymenopterans most commonly parasitized by velvet ants, with over 30 recorded cases in literature involving different genera of both host and parasite (Luz et al. 2016).
Early Analysis of Acute Cerebral Infarction by Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Weighted Imaging
Authors: Liang Benju , Xia Lan , Su Juan , Xu Yaoyao , Chu Liping , Shi Mengyuan
Published: February 2019

Objective: The mortality and disability rate of cerebral infarction are high. Early diagnosis and early treatment can improve the prognosis of patients. Conventional computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is lack of sufficient sensitivity. The purpose of
this study was to investigate the effect of MRI diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in the early analysis of acute cerebral infarction. Methods: Forty patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were examined in this study.
With the cooperation of nursing staff, the routine MRI scan sequence and DWI was performed. The ADC values were analyzed and compared in different patients. Results: All the patients completed the examination successfully. In conventional MRI, equal signal was found in hyperacute cerebral
infarction, while high signal on T2WI was found in 66% of patients with acute cerebral infarction. Both hyperacute and acute cerebral infarction showed the high signal in DWI. Compared with the contralateral normal tissues, the ADC value in cerebral infarction area was significantly decreased,
especially in patients with hyperacute cerebral infarction. Conclusions: The nursing cooperation is helpful for the MRI examination. The DWI is more sensitive than conventional MRI in the analysis of acute cerebral infarction and can distinguish the hyperacute and acute stage, thus
providing evidence for effective individualized treatment of patients.
Imaging Analysis of Vessels and Nerves for Paraspinal Intermuscular Approach to Lumbar Spine
Authors: Zhu Youyu , Liao Wenbin , Deng Xuefei , Wang Feng , Zhu Youzhi
Published: February 2019

Objective: Preoperative evaluation of vessels and nerves will help surgeons to understand and design the intermuscular approach individually. The aim of this study is to analyze the ability of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to display the vessels
and nerves for paraspinal intermuscular approach to lumbar spine. Methods: A total of 18 healthy volunteers were examined by CT angiography (CTA) and MRI (sagittal, transverse T2WI and coronary nerve imaging) respectively. The vessels and nerve surrounding the paraspinal intermuscular
space (Wiltse, Watkins and Weaver space) was observed. Results: In CTA, the blood supply of lumbar spine were originated from the lumbar artery. All the lumbar artery coursed between the upper and the lower pedicle of vertebral arch, and no vessels were found in the lateral sides of
pedicle. In the lateral border of L1–S1, lumbar arteries sent branches into Wiltse space. All levels showed no obvious vessels into Weaver space. Slightly below the transverse process at L1–L3 levels, the lumbar arteries sent a branch into the Watkins space, and finally into the
erector spinae. In the MR sagittal T2WI phase, lumbar artery were visible by the blank empty signal. The course of artery was similar with CT. Coronal nerve imaging can clearly show the ventral root and dorsal root, spinal ganglia, and spinal nerve. The relationship between spinal nerve and
intermuscular space was failed to show. In the transverse T2WI, the vessel were visible in the Wiltse and Watkins space which similar with CT. Conclusion: Preoperative imaging analysis of vessels and nerves surrounding paraspinal muscle is beneficial to the design of paraspinal intermuscular
approach to lumbar spine.
Color Doppler Ultrasonography Applied to Infertile Patients with Chronic Salpingitis and Mycoplasma Infection
Authors: Sun Ting , Ma Rui , Zhu Hongjun , Wu Lisha
Published: February 2019

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasonography applied to infertile patients with chronic salpingitis and mycoplasma infection. Methods: 116 infertile patients with chronic salpingitis and mycoplasma infection were selected in this investigation.
After these patients were admitted to hospital, they all underwent color Doppler ultrasound guided hysterosalpingogram and X-ray hysterosalpingography, in order to make definitive diagnoses, and the X-ray hysterosalpingography was considered as the gold standard. The diagnostic value and rates
of adverse reaction between color Doppler ultrasound guided hysterosalpingogram and X-ray hysterosalpingography were evaluated. Results: A total of 116 patients with chronic salpingitis and mycoplasma infection received color Doppler ultrasound guided hysterosalpingogram and X-ray hysterosalpingography.
Diagnostic coincidence rates were equal, and no statistical difference could be observed (P > 0.05), with respect to the tubal patency in double sides, tubal obstruction in double sides, tubal patency in single side, and tubal obstruction in single side. When concerning adverse reactions,
the incidence rates of allergy and colporrhagia between two groups were statistically significantly different (P = 0.025 and P = 0.040, respectively). In addition, the total incidence rate of adverse reactions was also statistically significant different (P = 0.003). Conclusion:
The color Doppler ultrasound aided hysterosalpingogram could make a diagnosis intuitively and clearly for patients with chronic salpingitis and mycoplasma infection, and can be used as the preferred method for diagnosing tubal infertility.
A Standardized Atmospheric Measurement Data Archive for Distributed Cloud and Precipitation Process-Oriented Observations in Central Europe
Authors: Lammert Andrea , Hansen Akio , Ament Felix , Crewell Susanne , Dick Galina , Grützun Verena , Klein-Baltink Henk , Lehmann Volker , Macke Andreas , Pospichal Bernhard , Schubotz Wiebke , Seifert Patric , Stamnas Erasmia , Stevens Bjorn
Published: February 2019

Central Europe has a vital and extensive meteorological research community comprising national weather services, universities, and research organizations and institutes. Nearly all of them are involved in the open scientific questions regarding clouds and precipitation processes. The research activities include observations (from in situ ground-based remote sensing radio soundings to satellite-based observations), model development on all scales (from direct numerical simulations to global climate models), and other activities. With Germany as an example our first objective is to show the large amount and the diversity of observations regarding clouds and precipitation. The goal is to give an overview of existing measurements and datasets to show the benefit of combining the different information from a variety of observations. Up to now the access to and the usage of these datasets from different sources was not straightforward, due to the issue of missing data and archiving standards for observational data. This then motivates our second objective, which is to introduce our solution for this issue—the novel Standardized Atmospheric Measurement Data archive (SAMD). SAMD is one of the outcomes of the German research initiative High Definition Clouds and Precipitation for Advancing Climate Prediction [HD(CP)2]. The goal of SAMD is an easy-to-use approach for both data producers and archive users. Therefore the archive provides observational data in the common Climate Forecast (CF) Conventions format and makes it available to the broader public. SAMD offers highly standardized quality-controlled data and metadata for a wide range of instruments, with open access, which makes this novel archive important for the research community.
Cloud Phase and Relative Humidity Distributions over the Southern Ocean in Austral Summer Based on In Situ Observations and CAM5 Simulations
Authors: D’Alessandro John J. , Diao Minghui , Wu Chenglai , Liu Xiaohong , Jensen Jorgen B. , Stephens Britton B.
Published: February 2019

Cloud phase and relative humidity (RH) distributions at −67° to 0°C over the Southern Ocean during austral summer are compared between in situ airborne observations and global climate simulations. A scale-aware comparison is conducted using horizontally averaged observations from 0.1 to 50 km. Cloud phase frequencies, RH distributions, and liquid mass fraction are found to be less affected by horizontal resolutions than liquid and ice water content (LWC and IWC, respectively), liquid and ice number concentrations (Ncliq and Ncice, respectively), and ice supersaturation (ISS) frequency. At −10° to 0°C, observations show 27%–34% and 17%–37% of liquid and mixed phases, while simulations show 60%–70% and 3%–4%, respectively. Simulations overestimate (underestimate) LWC and Ncliq in liquid (mixed) phase, overestimate Ncice in mixed phase, underestimate IWC in ice and mixed phases, and underestimate (overestimate) liquid mass fraction below (above) −5°C, indicating that observational constraints are needed for different cloud phases. RH frequently occurs at liquid saturation in liquid and mixed phases for all datasets, yet the observed RH in ice phase can deviate from liquid saturation by up to 20%–40% at −20° to 0°C, indicating that the model assumption of liquid saturation for coexisting ice and liquid is inaccurate for low liquid mass fractions (<0.1). Simulations lack RH variability for partial cloud fractions (0.1–0.9) and underestimate (overestimate) ISS frequency for cloud fraction <0.1 (≥0.6), implying that improving RH subgrid-scale parameterizations may be a viable path to account for small-scale processes that affect RH and cloud phase heterogeneities. Two sets of simulations (nudged and free-running) show very similar results (except for ISS frequency) regardless of sample sizes, corroborating the statistical robustness of the model–observation comparisons.
Measuring the impact of driving status: The Centre for Research on Safe Driving–Impact of Driving Status on Quality of Life (CRSD-IDSQoL) tool
Authors: Patterson Loretta , Mullen Nadia , Stinchcombe Arne , Weaver Bruce , Bédard Michel
Published: February 2019

Background.

Driving an automobile is often considered an activity of daily living and is crucial to quality of life for many individuals. Following driving cessation, quality of life may become compromised.

Purpose.

The Centre for Research on Safe Driving–Impact of Driving Status on Quality of Life (CRSD-IDSQoL) was designed to measure various elements of quality of life and how those elements are affected by driving status.

Method.

The CRSD-IDSQoL was cross-sectionally administered to a convenience sample of 114 individuals (mean age 65.8 years). Exploratory factor analysis was used to examine the factor structure.

Findings.

The results supported three factors. Following adjustments for conceptual fit, Cronbach’s alphas for the Community Mobility, Emotional, and Resources and Safety domains were .82, .84, and .74, respectively. Community Mobility was positively associated with distance driven per week.

Implications.

The CRSD-IDSQoL may be a useful tool to study quality-of-life impacts of driving cessation. Further evaluation of the tool is warranted.
Tolerance in Swami Vivekānanda’s Neo-Hinduism
Authors: Rigopoulos Antonio
Published: February 2019

Tolerance was and still is a key notion in Neo-Hindu discourse. Its systematic articulation is to be found in the speeches and writings of Swami Vivekānanda. Inspired by his master Rāmakṛṣṇa, he proclaimed non-dual ( advaita) Vedānta as the metaphysical basis of universal tolerance and brotherhood as well as of India’s national identity. Conceptually, his notion of tolerance is to be understood as a hierarchical inclusivism, given that all religions are said to be ultimately included in Vedāntic Hinduism. The claim is that Advaita Vedānta is not a religion but Religion itself. Thus Vivekānanda promoted his understanding of Vedāntic Hinduism as the world religion based upon what he perceived to be universally valid ethical and metaphysical principles. Neo-Hinduism has had a profound, lasting influence among the educated middle classes of India and Vivekānanda was among those who paved the way for the independence movement of the early 20th century. The popular Western view of Hinduism as being synonymous with Advaita Vedānta is part and parcel of this heritage. The Indian gurus who have become popular in the West in the last hundred years are all indebted to the Vivekānandian model of spirituality.
Anomaly detection in the processing of complex syntax by early L2 learners
Authors: Stepanov Arthur , Andreetta Sara , Stateva Penka , Zawiszewski Adam , Laka Itziar
Published: February 2019

This study investigates the processing of long-distance syntactic dependencies by native speakers of Slovenian (L1) who are advanced learners of Italian as a second language (L2), compared with monolingual Italian speakers. Using a self-paced reading task, we compare sensitivity of the early-acquired L2 learners to syntactic anomalies in their L2 in two empirical domains: (1) syntactic islands, for which the learners’ L1 and L2 grammars provide a converging characterization, and (2) verb–clitic constructions, for which the respective L1 and L2 grammatical descriptions diverge. We find that although our L2 learners show native-like processing patterns in the former, converging, grammatical domain, they may nevertheless perform non-native-like with respect to syntactic phenomena in which the L1 and L2 grammars do not align, despite the early age of L2 acquisition. Implications for theories of L2 acquisition and endstate are discussed.
Social isolation rearing-induced anxiety and response to agomelatine in male and female rats: Role of corticosterone, oxytocin, and vasopressin
Authors: Harvey Brian H , Regenass Wilmie , Dreyer Walter , Möller Marisa
Published: February 2019

Background:

The chronobiotic antidepressant, agomelatine, acts via re-entrainment of circadian rhythms. Earlier work has demonstrated late-life anxiety and reduced corticosterone in post-weaning social isolation reared (SIR) rats. Agomelatine was anxiolytic in this model but did not reverse hypocortisolemia. Reduced corticosterone or cortisol (in humans) is well-described in anxiety states, although the anxiolytic-like actions of agomelatine may involve targeting another mechanism. Central oxytocin and vasopressin exert anxiolytic and anxiogenic effects, respectively, and are subject to circadian fluctuation, while also showing sex-dependent differences in response to various challenges.

Aims and methods:

If corticosterone is less involved in the anxiolytic-like actions of agomelatine in SIR rats, we wondered whether effects on vasopressin and oxytocin may mediate these actions, and whether sex-dependent effects are evident. Anxiety as assessed in the elevated plus maze, as well as plasma vasopressin, oxytocin, and corticosterone were analyzed in social vs SIR animals receiving sub-chronic treatment with vehicle or agomelatine (40 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally at 16:00) for 16 days.

Results:

Social isolation rearing induced significant anxiety together with increased plasma vasopressin levels, but decreased corticosterone and oxytocin. While corticosterone displayed sex-dependent changes, vasopressin, and oxytocin changes were independent of sex. Agomelatine suppressed anxiety as well as reversed elevated vasopressin in both male and female rats and partially reversed reduced oxytocin in female but not male rats.

Conclusion:

SIR-associated anxiety later in life involves reduced corticosterone and oxytocin, and elevated vasopressin. The anxiolytic-like effects of agomelatine in SIR rats predominantly involve targeting of elevated vasopressin.
The role of prefrontal cortex dopamine D2 and D3 receptors in the mechanism of action of venlafaxine and deep brain stimulation in animal models of treatment-responsive and treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Papp Mariusz , Gruca Piotr , Lason Magdalena , Niemczyk Monika , Willner Paul
Published: February 2019

Aims:

The Wistar-Kyoto rat has been validated as an animal model of treatment-resistant depression. Here we investigated a role of dopamine D2 and D3 receptors in the ventro-medial prefrontal cortex in the mechanism of action of deep brain stimulation in Wistar-Kyoto rats and venlafaxine in Wistar rats.

Methods:

Wistar or Wistar-Kyoto rats were exposed chronically to chronic mild stress. Wistar rats were treated chronically with venlafaxine (10 mg/kg) beginning after two weeks of chronic mild stress; Wistar-Kyoto rats received two sessions of deep brain stimulation before behavioural tests. L-742,626 (1 µg), a D2 receptor agonist, or 7-OH DPAT (3 µg), a D3 receptor antagonist, were infused into the ventro-medial prefrontal cortex immediately following the exposure trial in the Novel Object Recognition Test, and discrimination between novel and familiar object was tested one hour later.

Results:

Chronic mild stress decreased sucrose intake and impaired memory consolidation; these effects were reversed by venlafaxine in Wistar rats and deep brain stimulation in Wistar-Kyoto rats. In control animals, L-742,626 and 7-OH DPAT also impaired memory consolidation. In Wistar rats, venlafaxine reversed the effect of L-742,626 in controls, but not in the chronic mild stress group, and venlafaxine did not reverse the effect of 7-OH DPAT in either group. In Wistar-Kyoto rats, deep brain stimulation reversed the effect of both L-742,626 and 7-OH DPAT in both control and chronic mild stress groups.

Conclusions:

We conclude that the action of venlafaxine to reverse the impairment of memory consolidation caused by chronic mild stress in Wistar rats involves D2 receptors in the ventro-medial prefrontal cortex; but the effect of deep brain stimulation to reverse the same effect in Wistar-Kyoto rats does not.
Polymorphisms in CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and ABCB1 affect agomelatine pharmacokinetics
Authors: Saiz-Rodríguez Miriam , Ochoa Dolores , Belmonte Carmen , Román Manuel , Vieira de Lara Danilo , Zubiaur Pablo , Koller Dora , Mejía Gina , Abad-Santos Francisco
Published: February 2019

Background:

Agomelatine is an agonist of the melatoninergic receptors used for the treatment of depression. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of genetic polymorphisms in metabolising enzymes and the P-glycoprotein transporter on agomelatine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

Methods:

Twenty-eight healthy volunteers receiving a single 25 mg oral dose of agomelatine, were genotyped for nine polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 enzymes ( CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19) and adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 ( ABCB1), by real-time polymerase chain reaction . Agomelatine concentrations were measured by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a tandem mass spectrometry detector.

Results:

We calculated a CYP1A2 activity score that was directly correlated with agomelatine pharmacokinetics. Individuals with a decreased enzyme activity (*1C carriers) had a lower clearance and accumulated higher concentrations of agomelatine. In contrast, individuals with a high CYP1A2 inducibility (*1F or *1B carriers) showed an extensive clearance and lower agomelatine concentrations. The apparently marked differences between races were due to the different CYP1A2 genotype distribution. CYP2C9 intermediate/poor metabolisers showed a higher area under the concentration-time curve and maximum concentration. ABCB1 G2677T/A polymorphism affected the time to reach maximum concentration, as subjects carrying A/A+A/T genotypes showed higher values. No association was found for CYP2C19 phenotype. Agomelatine did not produce any change in blood pressure, heart rate or QT interval.

Conclusions:

CYP1A2 polymorphisms affect agomelatine pharmacokinetics. CYP1A2 phenotype inferred from the genotyping of CYP1A2*1C, *1F and *1B alleles might be a potential predictor of agomelatine exposure. ABCB1 G2677T/A could affect agomelatine absorption, as subjects with A/A+A/T genotypes had lower agomelatine concentration and they take more time to reach the maximum concentration.
From wooden pigeons to Telstar: Precursors of modern maritime satellite communications
Authors: Ilcev Dimov Stojce
Published: February 2019

This research note identifies the precursors of the satellite communications systems that are basic to modern shipping activity. It comprises two main sections: first, an outline is provided of the evolution of communication technology from the earliest experiments in rockets in the fifth century BC to the 1950s; second, there is a discussion of the significant development of satellite technology in the 1960s and 1970s.
The development of maritime satellite communications since 1976
Authors: Ilcev Dimov Stojce
Published: February 2019

This research note runs on from the note published by the author in this issue of IJMH. It describes the development of Maritime Satellite Communications (MSC) systems for all type of commercial and military seagoing and inland sailing vessels since the 1970s. The main functions of MSC systems are to enhance the safety and security of seagoing vessels, mainly by alerting and Search and Rescue (SAR) operations, and to improve communication facilities between ships and shore infrastructures. The first MSC Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) system for military applications was developed in 1976 by the US and other partners, which soon became available for merchant ships. The next step was the development of an independent and international MSC system. To overcome the disadvantages associated with HF/VHF radio propagation and frequency congestions, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 1979 encouraged all member nations to establish Maritime Mobile Satellite Communication (MMSC) systems. At the behest of IMO and United Nations (UN) Maritime Body, and pursuant to the Convention on the International Maritime Satellite Organization, signed by 28 countries in 1976, the International Maritime Satellite (INMARSAT) Organization was founded.
Effects of leakage vortex on aerodynamic performance and loss mechanism of steam turbine
Authors: Cao Lihua , Si Heyong , Wang Jiaxin , Li Pan
Published: February 2019

To avoid friction, a clearance between the rotor blade tip and the cylinder is needed in a steam turbine. As a result, the leakage flow is formed under the pressure difference which mixes with the main flow and causes the mixing loss. So, a numerical calculation was conducted based on a high-pressure 1.5-stage steam turbine with the tip labyrinth seal. The leakage vortex system and the mixing progress at different tip clearances were analyzed. The related leakage losses were calculated. The results show that the leakage flow will lead to the steam deflecting at the rotor exit and cause incidence loss. Furthermore, in the downstream stator, the leakage flow near the suction side with high radial velocity causes the deflection of the outflow angles. The main influence region of leakage flow is distributed above 75% of blade height, whereas the most intense region is distributed at approximately 95% of blade height. It is found that the mixing loss is related to the size of the backflow vortex. The related leakage losses increase with tip clearance, in which the mixing loss is the major part and the mass-averaged entropy mixing loss coefficient is 7–11%.
Prediction intervals with random forests
Authors: Roy Marie-Hélène , Larocque Denis
Published: February 2019

The classical and most commonly used approach to building prediction intervals is the parametric approach. However, its main drawback is that its validity and performance highly depend on the assumed functional link between the covariates and the response. This research investigates new methods that improve the performance of prediction intervals with random forests. Two aspects are explored: The method used to build the forest and the method used to build the prediction interval. Four methods to build the forest are investigated, three from the classification and regression tree (CART) paradigm and the transformation forest method. For CART forests, in addition to the default least-squares splitting rule, two alternative splitting criteria are investigated. We also present and evaluate the performance of five flexible methods for constructing prediction intervals. This yields 20 distinct method variations. To reliably attain the desired confidence level, we include a calibration procedure performed on the out-of-bag information provided by the forest. The 20 method variations are thoroughly investigated, and compared to five alternative methods through simulation studies and in real data settings. The results show that the proposed methods are very competitive. They outperform commonly used methods in both in simulation settings and with real data.
Insuring Good Health: Outcomes and Acceptability of a Participatory Health Insurance Literacy Intervention in Diverse Urban Communities
Authors: Patel Minal R. , Israel Barbara A. , Song Peter X. K. , Hao Wei , TerHaar Lindsay , Tariq Madiha , Lichtenstein Richard
Published: February 2019

Background. The U.S. uninsured rate has dropped significantly since the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), yet insurance coverage remains lower in historically marginalized communities than in the overall population. New consumer engagement approaches that involve these populations are needed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Insuring Good Health Intervention, a website and video series designed to improve engagement with health insurance and ACA reforms. The study was designed and implemented using a community-based participatory research approach. Method. We conducted a lagged-control cluster randomized controlled trial to evaluate Insuring Good Health with racially and ethnically diverse adults seeking services in medically underserved areas within the Detroit, Michigan metropolitan area. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 6 and 9 months postintervention, and including self-efficacy, knowledge, beliefs, and intention to seek help with insurance navigation and care. Results. Among 243 participants, mean age was 43.4 ( SD = 13) years, and all participants met federal guidelines for poverty. The study had an 86% response rate at 9-month follow-up ( n = 209). Compared with the lagged-control group, intervention participants had more positive beliefs concerning preventive care (estimate 0.51, standard error 0.16; p < .01), and intention to seek help with insurance navigation and care (estimate 0.43, standard error 0.17; p < .001) at 9-month follow-up. Hispanic participants benefitted the most from the intervention, including improved knowledge of health insurance eligibility over 9 months compared with other racial/ethnic groups (estimate −0.97, standard error 0.40, p < .01). Discussion. Insuring Good Health was associated with increased intention to seek help with insurance navigation and care, and improved beliefs around preventive care. Conclusions. Insuring Good Health has the potential to be an important consumer engagement tool to reduce disparities in health insurance coverage and care seeking.
Free and forced vibration analysis of laminated functionally graded CNT-reinforced composite cylindrical panels
Authors: Arani Ali Ghorbanpour , Kiani Farhad , Afshari Hassan
Published: February 2019

In this paper, free and forced vibration analysis of multi-layered functionally graded composite cylindrical panels reinforced by single wall carbon nanotubes is presented. The panel is composed of different layers which are reinforced using carbon nanotubes arranged in arbitrary directions. Reddy’s third-order shear deformation theory is used which makes results more accurate especially for thick panels. The set of governing equations and boundary conditions is derived using Hamilton’s principle and is solved numerically using generalized differential quadrature method and Newmark beta method. Convergence and accuracy of the presented solution are confirmed and effect of volume fraction, distribution and orientation of carbon nanotubes and geometrical parameters on the natural frequencies of the panel are investigated for different boundary conditions. Also, effect of volume fraction and orientation of carbon nanotubes on the dynamic response of the panel are investigated. Result of this paper can be considered as a useful tool in dynamic analysis of multilayer carbon nanotube-reinforced structures.
From Life-course Expectations to Societal Concerns: Seeking Young Adults’ Perspectives on Generational Narratives
Authors: Cahill Helen , Cook Julia
Published: February 2019

Young adults’ use of individualized explanations for conditions that are structural in origin is well documented. However, recent scholarship has contended that young adults are often more aware of the macro-scale forces that shape their life chances than has previously been acknowledged. We build upon this work by drawing on findings from focus groups conducted with 19 Australian young adults aged 27–28 in which they were called upon to discuss issues and experiences relevant to both their own lives and those of their age cohort more broadly. We find that although the participants co-constructed explanatory narratives that positioned their cohort within a specific socio-historical context, they nevertheless drew chiefly upon individualized explanations and coping strategies to understand these structural changes when the conversation moved to micro-level experiences. We contend that this disjuncture is attributable not to a lack of knowledge or reflexivity but to a perceived lack of social recognition.
Visible objects of concern: Issues and challenges for workplace ethnographies in complex environments
Authors: Luff Paul K. , Heath Christian
Published: February 2019

Over the past few decades, we have witnessed the widespread deployment of technologies that enable real-time interaction between co-located and remote participants. These technologies and their accompanying organisational arrangements have created new forms of cooperation and collaboration. They also present challenges for ethnographers seeking to understand the practices, the ‘lived work’ of the participants. In particular, they demand a concern with the physical, the material and the embodied, in other words with what has been termed multimodality. We argue that it is through detailed analysis of specific instances, the circumstances of their use, that we can begin to discover the competencies, skills, the ‘know-how’ that enable practice. In this article, we consider one particular setting that is both distinctive because of its scale but also characteristic of many technology-saturated contemporary workplaces. We aim to show how in this case, as in others, the interactional and the sequential is an inextricable aspect of practice. To uncover these practices requires particular attention to the multimodal but that this presents challenges for ethnographies, even those that draw on complex arrays of resources such as video-recordings. We suggest that this resonates with recent debates regarding how we conceive of materiality, the roles of technologies and practice.
Positive Parents and Negative Peers: Assessing the Nature and Order of Caregiver and Friend Effects in Predicting Early Delinquency
Authors: Walters Glenn D.
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nature and direction of the relationship between parenting and peer effects in predicting early delinquency. The parenting–peer relationship was evaluated in 1,734 (811 male, 923 female) early adolescent members (mean age = 12.10 years) of the Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) study. A seven-equation path analysis was performed across three waves of data. The statistical significance of 16 indirect effects was evaluated using the Monte Carlo Method for Assessing Mediation. Two of the three pathways predicted to be significant were, in fact, significant (i.e., parental support to gang affiliation to participant delinquency; parental support to peer delinquency to participant delinquency), and all 13 pathways projected to be nonsignificant were, in fact, nonsignificant. Consistent with the research hypothesis for this study, prior parental support acted as a buffer against the delinquency-promoting effects of negative peer associations in early adolescent children.