bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incorporating Evidence-Based Practice Into Informed Consent Practice
Authors: Drisko James W.
Published: November 2020

This conceptual article argues that evidence-based practice (EBP) is best understood as a component of the informed consent process preceding treatment. The legally mandated informed consent/consent to treat process requires that professionals disclose to clients the nature of services along with potential risks, benefits, and alternatives. Informed consent is a long-standing part of professional practice ethics with over a century of legal precedents. The more recent EBP process also requires discussion with the client of the best research-supported treatments, which are explored in combination with the client’s values and preferences and the professional’s expertise, to develop a treatment plan. Yet, EBP has not been clearly linked to informed consent for treatment. EBP can be usefully understood as part of the more comprehensive informed consent ethics process. New practice and ethics competencies are examined.
A Longitudinal Study of the Skills and Attitudes Conveyed by Two Business Simulation Games in Pécs, Hungary
Authors: Kiss Tibor , Schmuck Roland
Published: November 2020

Background.

Business simulation games have been used since 1979 at the University of Pécs. Since 2000, two games have been taught: a green business simulation developed on site and known as BUSINESS SIMULATION CHALLENGE and the MULTINATIONAL MANAGEMENT GAME. In this research we report on a longitudinal study of the results of the two business simulations; and investigate the effects of the Green Business simulation.

Method.

This survey-based research included 329 students that completed a questionnaire on business simulations since 2000. Surveys were carried out to measure the effect of the two simulations. There are data from three periods up to recent years. Frequency tables, univariate ANCOVA, T-tests and cross-tabulation were used to analyse the data.

Results.

- Generations’ attitudes and skills do not change with the passage of time, and the skills and knowledge, conveyed by the simulations can be considered as constant throughout the period. - This study confirms that main managerial skills are developed with simulation games but there is no need for enhanced mathematical and financial knowledge. - The green simulation successfully developed the green attitude of students, but only in cases where the green option was rational. - More educated students enjoy greater challenges, namely the need for deeper analysis. - Simulation courses in universities provide a higher level of motivation than do commercial simulations.

Conclusion.

It can be stated that almost the same results can be achieved by general purpose simulations which have a different focus (analytical or strategy-oriented game). Results also indicate that more simulation courses in universities would stimulate higher student motivation.
Cosmopolitan Leadership in the Institutionalization of Global Citizenship Education: A Comparative Study of Singapore and Australia’s Practices
Authors: Hameed Suraiya
Published: November 2020

This article unpacks the ideology of “cosmopolitan leadership,” a leadership theory that has surfaced from a qualitative study that examines the comparative analysis of global citizenship education (GCE) in two primary schools: one international school in Singapore and an independent school in Australia. This article unpacks the idea of “cosmopolitan leadership” and the features of this distinctive form of leadership in institutionalizing GCE in the respective contexts and schools. School leaders in both contexts, took an active role in driving GCE in the school, through the introduction of the international curricular model and by keeping themselves abreast with global curriculum initiatives and through curriculum innovation. These curricula initiatives assisted in the take-up of GCE that enabled the schools to attain their vision of developing global citizens. These were aligned to the schools’ as well as national policies and evidenced innovative approaches to address the complexity of contemporary diversity, as well as the demands of the global world. This response was situated in multiple influential contexts, which included the national contexts of the two schools, encompassing the nature and geopolitical positioning of each society, the provision of schooling, the nature of schools and the specific policies governing the two schools, and their market contexts, which have influenced their approaches towards GCE.
Prenatal Ultrasound Measurement of Fetal Stomach Size Is Predictive of Postnatal Development of GERD in Isolated Cleft Lip and/or Palate
Authors: Toscano Marika , Burhans Kristen , Mack Lauren M. , Henderson Stephanie , Koltz Peter F. , Girotto John A. , Thornburg Loralei L.
Published: November 2020

Objective:

To determine whether prenatal ultrasound measurement of fetal stomach size, as a surrogate marker of fetal swallowing, is predictive of postnatal development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in cases of isolated cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P).

Design:

This is a retrospective case–control study. The outcome of interest is postnatal diagnosis of GERD in isolated CL/P. The exposure of interest is prenatal stomach size measurement by ultrasound.

Setting:

The study population was selected from an academic, tertiary care center between 2003 and 2011.

Patients/Participants:

Cases were neonates undergoing CL/P repair during the study period. Cases with other known structural or chromosomal abnormalities were excluded. Controls were contemporary, nondiabetic neonates that matched gestational age (within one week) to cases. Each case measurement was matched ∼1:2 with control measurement.

Interventions:

None.

Main Outcome Measure:

The primary outcome was difference in mean prenatal ultrasound measurement of fetal stomach size between cases and controls. We hypothesized that patients with postnatal development of GERD would have smaller mean fetal stomach size.

Results:

There were 32 cases including 19 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, 8 with unilateral cleft lip, and 4 with bilateral cleft lip and palate. Cases were noted to have smaller mean anterior–posterior and transverse fetal stomach measurements as compared to controls. This was statistically significant from 16 to 21 weeks, 25 to 27 weeks, and 28 to 36 weeks ( P < .01 for all).

Conclusions:

Prenatal ultrasound measurement of fetal stomach size as a surrogate marker of fetal swallowing is predictive of postnatal development of GERD in isolated CL/P.
Multinational Enterprises and Home Country Institutional Pressure
Authors: Yan Zheng Joseph , Zhu Jiuhua Cherrie , Fan Di , Kalfadellis Paul
Published: November 2020

This qualitative research explores how multinational enterprises (MNEs) respond to institutional pressure at home. Focusing on the case of China, a major source of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) in the world, we analyze and theorize the meanings of firm actions within a policy regime designed for global competition. We find, in a country where its governments (both national and regional) seek OFDI development through policymaking, that domestic firms will confront these regulative interventions with four types of strategies—institutional compromise, institutional innovation, institutional manipulation, and institutional defiance—as they pursue value creation from internationalization. More importantly, these responses are driven by two key enabling conditions: the flexibility of the institutional arrangements and the actor’s position in the field. Our findings provide valuable insights for international business research surrounding the theme of home country institutional pressure and MNE agency.
Imperfect Immunization Communication on School District Websites: A Mixed-Methods Review
Authors: Navin Mark C. , Attwell Katie
Published: November 2020

Schools and school districts are key to U.S. vaccination policies: They communicate immunization enrollment requirements and enforce them during registration. This article presents a mixed-methods study of how Michigan’s 537 districts communicate about vaccine mandates through public-facing websites. It reports the results of a qualitative analysis ( n = 50) of websites from Southeast Michigan and a quantitative analysis of all ( n = 537) Michigan’s district websites. School district websites engage in diverse health promotion practices surrounding immunization, from encouraging vaccination to neutral messaging and to encouraging exemptions. Most provide scant immunization information and few promote the importance of immunization for individual and community health. We recommend that school nurses, district staff, and health authorities collaborate to ensure that school district communication promotes immunization and does not promote nonmedical exemptions. This can lead schools to embrace immunization as an essential activity for their own functioning rather than as an unwelcome requirement imposed by outside agents.
Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma–Like and Pagetoid Tubal Metastasis of an Ovarian Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: Peculiar Metastatic Growth Patterns of a Rare Tumor
Authors: Vande Berg Adélie , Segers Kurt , Van de Vijver Koen , Van Rompuy Anne-Sophie , Colpaert Cecile
Published: November 2020

A large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ovary is presented because of tubal metastases with peculiar growth patterns: pagetoid and serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma–like. The possibility that a tubal intraepithelial carcinoma could represent a metastasis should be considered by pathologists.
Opa-Interacting Protein 5 Expression in Human Glioma Tissues Is Essential to the Biological Function of U251 Human Malignant Glioma Cells
Authors: Chen Libo , Wang Ruizhi , Gao Ligui , Shi Wei
Published: November 2020

Opa-interacting protein 5 (OIP5) is a member of the cancer-testis antigen (CTA) family that elicits a spontaneous antitumor immune response. The failure of current immunotherapies for glioma has prompted the search for novel biomarkers that may be utilized as therapeutic targets. This study aimed to investigate whether OIP5 serves as a target for malignant glioma immunotherapy. Glioma specimens from 53 adult patients were evaluated for OIP5 expression by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and the correlation of OIP5 expression with World Health Organization (WHO) tumor grade was analyzed. Endogenous expression of OIP5 in glioma cell lines was determined via real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Using lentiviral siOIP5, the effect of OIP5 gene knockdown on proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis in U251 glioma cells was studied. The results show that OIP5 is overexpressed in glioma tissues and is correlated with WHO tumor grade ( P < 0.001). However, OIP5 protein expression is barely detectable in normal adult brain tissues. MTT assays and analysis using the Celigo Imaging Cytometry System reveal that the silencing of OIP5 inhibits U251 cell growth. Cell cycle assays and Annexin V staining show that OIP5 silencing disrupts the balance of the cell cycle and increases U251 cell death. These results indicate that OIP5 is upregulated in malignant glioma specimens but barely detected in normal brain tissues. OIP5 knockdown inhibits the biological function of glioma cells, reinforcing that OIP5 may serve as an immunotherapeutic target for malignant glioma.
Ensembled local mean decomposition and genetic algorithm approach to investigate tool chatter features at higher metal removal rate
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Singh Bhagat
Published: November 2020

Improper selection of cutting parameters leads to regenerative chatter and loss in productivity. In the present work, a methodology has been proposed to select a proper combination of input cutting parameters for stable turning with improved metal removal rate. Chatter signals generated during the turning of Al6061-T6 have been acquired using a microphone. Stability lobes diagram has been plotted to access the stability regime. Further, to study the effect of feed rate on stability, the recorded signals have been processed using local mean decomposition signal processing technique, followed by the selection of dominating product functions using Fourier transform. The decomposed signals have been used to evaluate the new output parameter, that is, chatter index. Prediction models of chatter index and metal removal rate have been developed. Moreover, these prediction models have been optimized using multi-objective genetic algorithm for ascertaining the optimal range of cutting parameters for stable turning with higher metal removal rate. Finally, obtained stable range has been validated by performing more experiments.
Photographs Beyond Concepts: Access to Actions and Sensations
Authors: Kislinger Leopold
Published: November 2020

One of the most important things people see is what other people do. In photographs of actions, people see what other people have done. This analysis focuses on photographs of motor actions or interactions taken in naturally occurring situations. I suggest that such photographs represent special meanings, which I call action-related meanings. I examined the hypothesis that viewers understand these meanings by establishing motor and somatosensory neural representations of pictured actions, which would also be activated if viewers would actually perform these actions. This correspondence provides a special access to bodily meanings of pictured actions. Based on findings on vision and reactions to photographs from multiple research areas, I developed a novel framework that describes the neural basis of understanding action-related meanings of photographs; how these meanings differ from conceptual meanings; the characteristics of pictured actions, which influence the strength of motor and somatosensory responses; the processes making these responses accessible to conscious experiencing; and the potential emotional, social, and cultural value of photographs picturing actions. The proposed framework contains a number of predictions, which can be tested by future empirical investigations. The analysis aims to contribute to a better understanding of the meanings represented by photographs of actions.
Personality of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Mylona Ioanna , Dermenoudi Maria , Tsinopoulos Ioannis , Floros Georgios
Published: November 2020

Introduction:

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a disease of the retina that is a frequent cause of mild to moderate visual impairment. The disease can be precipitated by psychosocial stress and hypercortisolism while full remission will often be spontaneous within a few months. Risk factors have included male gender, increased plasma cortisol due to other conditions or steroid use and Type A behavior.

Methods:

This is a cross-sectional study comparing three research groups that included 100 CSC patients, 200 healthy volunteers, and 200 patients with other ophthalmic disease on their results in the Zuckerman–Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire (ZKPQ).

Results:

CSC patients differed from the other subjects on increased high Neuroticism-Anxiety, low Sociability, and high Aggression-Hostility.

Conclusions:

Since high Neuroticism is related to increased cortisol levels only in males, and high Aggression-Hostility is related to increased cortisol response, these findings point to the possibility of a robust neurobiological background to the etiopathogenesis of CSC that merits further research. The association of Type A behavior with CSC may be a spurious one and its widespread reference in ophthalmology texts should be re-examined.
Efficacy of corneal shape index in the evaluation of ocular hypertension, primary open-angle glaucoma and exfoliative glaucoma
Authors: Vieira Maria J , Pereira Joana , Castro Miguel , Arruda Henrique , Martins Joana , Sousa João Paulo
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

The aim of the present study is to calculate Concavity Shape Index (CSI) in patients with POAG and exfoliative glaucoma (XFG) and correlate CSI with the severity of glaucoma, comparing to control and ocular hypertension (OHT) patients.

Methods:

This was a cross‑sectional study with 146 eyes/146 subjects: 37 healthy eyes, 23 eyes with OHT and 86 glaucoma eyes (70 with POAG, 16 with XFG). The severity of glaucoma was scored with the Glaucoma Staging System 2 (GSS2). Corvis ST® was used to calculate CSI.

Results:

Central corneal thickness (CCT) was significantly thinner in POAG (526 ± 40.0 µm) and XFG (520 ± 38.2 µm) than control group (553 ± 28.8 µm). CSI had no significant differences between the groups. XFG had a higher mean of GSS 2 (2.42 ± 1.38) than POAG (1.87 ± 1.55) and OHT (1.87 ± 1.55). OHT had a significantly less deformable cornea than: control (higher A1 length, lower A1 velocity, higher A2 velocity), POAG (higher A1 length, lower A1 velocity, lower deflection amplitude at highest concavity), and XFG group (lower A1 velocity, lower deflection amplitude at highest concavity), which was independent of age and CCT. No significant correlation was found between GSS 2 and CSI.

Discussion:

OHT patients had stiffer corneas (less deformed by the air puff) when compared to control, POAG or XFG patients. A less deformable cornea could potentially be related to a more resistant LC/peripapillary sclera. As such, this would result in a lesser optic nerve susceptibility to IOP damage.
Bilateral acute retinal necrosis with encephalitis in a premature infant
Authors: Mairot Kevin , Ramtohul Prithvi , Gascon Pierre , Beylerian Marie , Denis Danièle
Published: November 2020

Introduction:

Neonatal herpes infections can be extremely severe and their early recognition allows for appropriate management and increases the child’s chances of survival.

Case description:

We report the case of a premature infant born by vaginal delivery and transferred to intensive care after neonatal misadaptation. Examination of the fundus revealed lesions of acute bilateral retinal necrosis, strongly suggesting a herpetic etiology.

Conclusions:

This case highlights the clinical benefit of an ophthalmologic exam in newborns with equivocal brain lesions. Herein, the fundus examination allowed for high suspicion of herpes virus infection.
Efficacy of 0.1% crosslinked hyaluronic acid, coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E in the management of dry eye disease in menopause patients receiving antidepressants
Authors: Serrano-Morales José-Manuel , De-Hita-Cantalejo Concepción , Sánchez-González María Carmen , Bautista-Llamas María-José , Sánchez-González José-María
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

The purpose of this study is to test non-inferiority of a lower dose of crosslinked hyaluronic acid (CLHA) to a higher dose of carmellose eye drop in menopause patients receiving antidepressant treatments.

Methods:

This prospective, double-blind, single-center study enrolled sixty female patients. Mean age was 63.25 ± 9.13 years. We examined patients with Schirmer I, breakup time (TBUT) and the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) at the first visit. Tear A eyedrops were formulated with crosslinked hyaluronic acid, coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E. Control tear B was formulated with carmellose sodium. Posology was two and five times, respectively.

Results:

After 2 months of treatment, the tear A obtained 14.12 ± 7.47 score points for OSDI ( t = 11.74, p < 0.01), and tear B obtained 19.46 ± 10.03 score points ( t = 7.59, p < 0.01). The tear A obtained 13.77 ± 7.78 score points for Schirmer test ( t = 0.88, p > 0.05), and tear B obtained 14.20 ± 8.62 score points ( t = 2.92, p < 0.01). The tear A obtained 8.30 ± 2.08 s for TBUT ( t = 15.50, p < 0.01), and tear B obtained 7.23 ± 2.40 s ( t = 8.79, p < 0.01).

Conclusion:

Lower total daily dose of crosslinked hyaluronic acid eyedrops obtained similar efficacy results in terms of tear stability and subjective dry eye sensation than higher carmellose total daily dose. A lower total daily dose of crosslinked eyedrops was sufficient to achieve better dry eye disease management compared to carmellose.
Prognostic Significance of Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase-2 Expressions in Human Breast Carcinoma: A Multiomic Approach
Authors: Saindane Madhuri , Rallabandi Harikrishna Reddy , Park Kyoung Sik , Heil Alexander , Nam Sang Eun , Yoo Young Bum , Yang Jung-Hyun , Yun Ik Jin
Published: November 2020

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase-2 ( PTGS2) plays a pivotal role in inflammation and carcinogenesis in human breast cancer. Our aim of the study is to find the prognostic value of PTGS2 in breast cancer. We conducted a multiomic analysis to determine whether PTGS2 functions as a prognostic biomarker in human breast cancer. We explored PTGS2 mRNA expressions using different public bioinformatics portals. Oncomine, Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE), GEPIA, ULCAN, PrognoScan database, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, bc-GenExMiner, USC XENA, and Cytoscape/STRING DB were used to identify the prognostic roles of PTGS2 in breast cancer. Based on the clinicopathological analysis, decreased PTGS2 expressions correlated positively with older age, lymph node status, the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status ( P < .0001), estrogen receptor (ER+) expression ( P < .0001) Luminal A ( P < .0001), and Luminal B ( P < .0001). Interestingly, progesterone receptor (PR) ( P < .0001) negative showed a high expression of PTGS2. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase-2 was downregulated in breast cancer tissues than in normal tissues. In the PrognoScan database and, Kaplan-Meier Scanner, downregulated expressions of PTGS2 associated with poor overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and distant metastasis-free survival. The methylation levels were significantly higher in the Luminal B subtype. Through oncomine coexpressed gene analysis, we found a positive correlation between PTGS2 and interleukin-6 ( IL-6) expression in breast cancer tissues. These results indicate that downregulated expressions of PTGS2 can be used as a promising prognostic biomarker and Luminal B hyper methylation may play an important role in the development of breast cancers. However, to clarify our results, extensive study is required.
Decolonizing youth development: re-imagining youthwork for indigenous youth futures
Authors: Johnston-Goodstar Katie
Published: November 2020

Drawing on scientific theories of racial supremacy and efforts by Western nations to develop uncivilized races, preeminent psychologist G. Stanley Hall proposed that the bio-psychological development of children recapitulated the ancient history of mankind. Utilizing Hall’s theory, US youth organizations designed programs for young people to engage corresponding sociological stages. Using archival sources, I document how Hall’s theory, and the “playing Indian” programs established from it, secured settler colonialism by marginalizing Indigenous cultures, governance, laws and ideologies and positioning tribal societies as primitive and childlike relics of the past destined to be replaced by modern man and nation. I then introduce the specter of recapitulation and how these ideas continue to harm Indigenous communities, and exponentially harm Indigenous youth. Finally, using Ermine’s concept of ethical space, I conclude by exploring the space between knowledge systems about youth and presenting possibilities for decolonizing youth development and reimagining youthwork supportive of Indigenous youth futures.
Investigation of indentation response of bi-directional functionally graded materials
Authors: Attia Mohamed A , El-Shafei Ahmed G , Gad Shaimaa I
Published: November 2020

Functionally graded materials made of more than two material constituents have been recently introduced in order to control stiffness and contact response. In the present study, effects of bidirectional gradation of the mechanical properties of functionally graded materials, made of more than two distinct material constituents, upon the indentation response are investigated. Utilizing isoparametric graded finite elements formulation to realize the gradation of material properties, the problem is handled in the framework of the mechanics of functional graded materials coupled with contact mechanics to investigate the nonlinearity inherent with indentation problems. The obtained results showed that the bidirectional gradation of the material properties and the indenter radius have significant effects on the indentation response of bidirectional functionally graded materials. Also, it is indicated that the indentation configuration can be effectively controlled by imposing a bidirectional gradation in an elastic material.
A new exponential wear model to analyze precision retention of guideway based on macro-micro multiscale method
Authors: Cheng Qiang , Qi Baobao , Ren Weida , Liu Zhifeng
Published: November 2020

At present, wear models and accuracy prediction of guideway are established based on elastoplastic mechanics of continuous media. These methods are limited to describe the process of accuracy degradation by using the material performance defined based on macroscopic hypothesis condition. In this paper, the multiscale method based on quasicontinuum medium(QM) principle is proposed to describe the degradation process of guideway linear precision with an exponential model. According to the wear distribution of the guideway surface with the micro-morphology evolution process, the measurement value of the guideway linear precision is modeled systematically. Then, using the quasicontinuum medium method instead of the continuum hypothesis, the exponential wear model of guideway is established. The exponential wear model uses the wear exponent to describe the wear status based on linear precision measurement rather than tremendous wear volume tests. By means of Depth From Defocus (DFD) method, the micro-topography information of the guideway surface is obtained. Therefore, the wear state of the guideway is verified under different loading conditions, and the validity of using the QM method to establish the guideway exponential wear model is verified.
Childhood abuse, pregnancy-related anxiety and the mediating role of resilience and social support
Authors: Brunton Robyn , Wood Tamara , Dryer Rachel
Published: November 2020

Physical, sexual and psychological abuse were examined as risk factors for pregnancy-related anxiety with resilience and social support as mediators. Pregnant women ( n = 638) completed measures of pregnancy-related anxiety, resilience, perceived social support and childhood abuse. Women with an abuse history had higher pregnancy-related anxiety scores ( m = 64.40) than other women ( m = 55.36). All abuse types independently predicted pregnancy-related anxiety; resilience and social support were mediators. Results highlight the value of antenatal screening for pregnancy-related anxiety including specific risk factors such as child abuse. Programs such as the Midwife Continuity of Care are useful in encouraging disclosure.
Free software meets Facebook: Placing digital platforms’ usage by free culture communities
Authors: Calvo Dafne
Published: November 2020

The use of digital platforms in social movements has given the Internet a central role in analyzing activism over the last decade. However, social networks’ potential for social change has to be analyzed critically and take complex economic and political contexts where actors remain unequally powerful into consideration. Through a combined methodology, this article explores the tensions of free culture communities in Spain when using proprietary digital platforms. These communities include 1651 platforms, of which 1162 are proprietary, and 489 are free. They describe a complex ecology in which they use proprietary platforms or free alternatives depending on their ultimate goals. The logic of technological corporations is notably imposed when communities aim to communicate with outsiders as commercial social networks attract a significantly greater number of users.
Re-imagining the quantitative-qualitative relationship through colouring and anchoring
Authors: Lawson Brendan T
Published: November 2020

Across journalism, numbers and non-numbers are used in conjunction with each other in the process of storytelling. When literature within journalism studies examines this relationship, it tends to focus on how numbers contextualise the specific anecdote or how numbers provide scale to individual accounts. Both explanations rest on a specific-general paradigm that underpins much of the way academics research and theorise the topic. In this article, I reconceptualise the relationship between the quantitative and the qualitative through two metaphors that emerged during my interviews with journalists regarding their coverage of humanitarian crises. In doing so, I set my study within the long history of using metaphors in journalism studies. First, I point to the metaphor of colouring to outline how we can reimagine storytelling as the combination of data that provides form and shape and the personal that colours this structure. Second, I explore the metaphor of anchoring to appreciate the journalistic practice of connecting subjective personal accounts with the ontological solidity of data. I conclude by highlighting the differences between these two metaphors and the specific-general paradigm, whilst also pointing to the ramifications of my article for journalism studies and mediated ethics.
The effect of news labels on perceived credibility
Authors: Peacock Cynthia , Masullo Gina M , Stroud Natalie Jomini
Published: November 2020

Two online experiments examined whether news labels attract reader attention and affect news story credibility. Both studies showed that labels garner little attention from newsreaders and do not influence perceptions of news story credibility. However, Study 2 demonstrated that a label that explained the type of news story produced better recall of labels and more accurate recommendations of what the label should be. Findings suggest that if labels act as cognitive heuristics, they are weak ones.
The impact of transactional and transformational leadership on employee intention to stay in deluxe hotels: Mediating role of organisational commitment
Authors: Sobaih Abu Elnasr E , Hasanein Ahmed M , Aliedan Meqbel M , Abdallah Hassan S
Published: November 2020

This study examines the impact of both transformational leadership (TFL) and transactional leadership (TCL) on employee intention to stay (ITS) in deluxe hotels. It also examines the mediating role of organisational commitment (OC) in the relationship between leadership styles, i.e. TFL and TCL, and ITS. A pre-tested questionnaire survey was self-administered to front-line employees in deluxe hotels in Egypt, where these leadership styles were prominent. The key findings showed that TFL has more positive impact on OC and ITS than TCL. Affective commitment (AC) and normative commitment (NC) were found to partially mediate the relationship between both leadership styles and ITS. Employees exhibit higher ITS when they perceive proper leadership practices, especially TFL. Hotel executives should place more emphasis and investments on TFL to effectively achieve OC and positively influence ITS which is critical for the hotel industry that often suffers from high employee turnover.
Objects in focus groups: Materiality and shaping multicultural research encounters
Authors: Peterson Melike
Published: November 2020

This paper discusses some opportunities and challenges of using objects in focus groups, to explore multicultural encounters and experiences of living together. Drawing on feminist approaches to human embodiment, it argues that material approaches hold the potential to investigate the embodied and relational experiences of encounters with/across difference of diverse participants in sensitive ways. The materials were touchable objects such as pens and papers that help connect across differences in identity, experience and opinion, share experiences and stories with unknown others, communicate across (non)verbal barriers, misunderstandings and tensions, and accommodate moments of silence and reflection. Originally meant to ease and structure discussion, objects emerged as a central ‘medium’ or ‘instrument’ of research encounters through which participants can capture, express and share complex narratives about encountering others and multicultural living, underscoring the use of objects as an impactful method in feminist and participatory research.
Estimation of wave power in shallow water using deep water wind and wave statistics
Authors: Myrhaug Dag
Published: November 2020

The article addresses how the wave power in shallow water can be estimated based on available wind and wave statistics for a deep water ocean area. The average statistical properties of the wave power in shallow water expressed in terms of the mean value and the standard deviation are presented. Results are exemplified by using long-term wind and wave statistics from the same ocean area in the Northern North Sea. Overall, it appears that there is agreement between the results based on these inputs from wind and wave statistics. The presented analytical method should be useful for making preliminary estimates of the wave power potential in shallow water using either available deep water wind statistics or deep water wave statistics, which enhances the possibilities for assessing further the wave power potential in, for example, near-coastal zones.
Electronic fetal monitoring in the twenty-first century: Language, logic and Lewis Carroll
Authors: Sartwelle Thomas P , Johnston James C , Arda Berna , Zebenigus Mehila
Published: November 2020

The Alice Books, full of illogical thoughts, words, and contradictions, were unrivaled entertainment until the publication of the medical literature promoting electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) for every pregnancy. The modern-day EFM advocates acknowledge EFM’s decades long failure but simultaneously recommend EFM use for lawsuit protection and because the profession has used EFM for every pregnancy for fifty years, therefore, it must be efficacious. These self-indulgent, illogical rationalizations ignore the half century of evidence-based scientific research proving that EFM is a complete failure as well as ignoring the fact that continued EFM use violates the fundamental principles of modern bioethics. This blind advocacy perpetuates four pernicious EFM harms occurring to mothers, babies, and the medical profession itself. This article sets out these four EFM harms with the goal of abolishing the misguided, illogical, contradictory, arguments used by the twenty-first century EFM Lewis Carroll mimics.
Managing aggression in hospitals: A role for clinical ethicists
Authors: Delany Clare , Hingalagoda Anusha , Gillam Lynn , Wimalasundera Neil
Published: November 2020

Hospitals are places where patients are unwell, where patients and their families may be upset, confused, frustrated, in pain, and vulnerable. The likelihood of these experiences and emotions manifesting in anger and aggressive behaviour is high. In this paper, we describe the involvement of a clinical ethics service responding to a request to discuss family aggression within a rehabilitation department in a large paediatric hospital in Australia. We suggest two key advantages of involving a clinical ethics service in discussions about how to respond to family aggression. First, the process of ethics deliberation provides an opportunity for clinicians to be involved in the solution by articulating their perspectives, tolerance levels, and general concerns about the effects of family aggression towards staff. Second, supporting clinicians to articulate and identify the impact of parental aggression directly counters the disadvantages of the more blunt zero-tolerance policy response, which is necessarily imposed from the top down.
Study on the properties of complex red luminescent fibers: Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+, Dy3+/light conversion agents-polyacrylonitrile
Authors: Zhu Yanan , Zheng Liubin , Ge Mingqiao
Published: November 2020

In order to improve the red luminous properties of luminescent fibers, Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+, Dy3+ and light conversion agents were treated with silane (KH560), aluminate (DL-411-A), and aluminum zirconium coupling agents (LD-139-3) to prepare composite luminescent materials. And then they were added to a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber-forming polymer and through wet spun to form composite red light-emitting fibers. The surface morphology, phase structure, and luminescence properties of the composite red light-emitting fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, fluorescence spectrometry, and afterglow brightness tester. Results showed that all of the three kinds of coupling agents influenced the red light of the luminescent fibers. The aluminate ester coupling agent had more effect than that of the other two coupling agents. After treatment with the aluminate coupling agent, the surface of the luminescent material became rough and adhered to the particles of light conversion agent. The intensity of the emission peak of the luminescent fibers at 470 nm decreased, and the emission peak intensity at 595 nm improved. The initial afterglow brightness and afterglow duration remained unchanged after 15 min of ultraviolet light excitation, as well as the color purity increased by approximately 1.6 times.
Effect of ethanol on the mold filling-time and mechanical properties of woven glass fiber reinforced epoxy filled with TiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Youssef Sherif M , Megahed M , Ali-Eldin Soliman S , Agwa MA
Published: November 2020

Vacuum resin infusion (VRI) is a promising technique for manufacturing complicated structural laminates. This high viscosity of nanofilled resin increases the filling time and leads to an incomplete mold filling. The mold filling time can be reduced either by making the fiber dimensions smaller than the mold (gaps around the fibers) or by adding ethanol to nanofilled epoxy. However, ethanol addition influences the mechanical properties of composite laminates. In this study, different amounts of ethanol (0.5 wt. % and 1 wt. %) were used as a diluent to both neat epoxy and epoxy filled with (0.25 wt. %) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. From results, it was found that ethanol addition saves the time for neat and nanofilled epoxy by 47.1% and 24.1%, respectively. It was found that adding 0.5 wt. % of ethanol to 0.25wt. % of TiO2 nanoparticles (GT0.25E0.5) enhances the tensile and flexural strength by 30.8% and 55.9%, respectively compared with neat specimens. Furthermore, the tensile and flexural moduli increased by 62% and 72.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the mold filling time was investigated experimentally and validated numerically using ANSYS FLUENT software. The mold filling time prediction using ANSYS FLUENT can be used to avoid resin gelation before the incomplete mold filling and thus can be considered a cost-effective methodology. The results showed that the gaps around the fibers reduce the time by 178% without affecting the mechanical properties.
Identification of CDCA8, DSN1 and BIRC5 in Regulating Cell Cycle and Apoptosis in Osteosarcoma Using Bioinformatics and Cell Biology
Authors: Li Qinwen , Liang Jie , Chen Bo
Published: November 2020

Introduction:

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary tumor of bone, although some molecular markers have been identified, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying osteosarcoma are currently not fully understood. In the present study, we attempted to identify the potential key genes and pathways in osteosarcoma using bioinformatics analysis.

Methods:

GSE14359 was downloaded from the GEO database, and analyzed using Limma package. Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs were performed in the DAVID database, followed by the construction of a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network with software Cytoscape, subnetwork modules were subsequently identified and analyzed, and further validation in human osteosarcoma tissues and osteosarcoma cells line was performed.

Results:

964 Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified, of which 222 were up-regulated and 742 were down-regulated. Among them, 10 genes (including BIRC5, MAD2L1, Bub1, DSN1, SPC24, CDCA8, STAG2, CENPA, MLF1IP and Mis12) were identified as hub genes and they were mainly enriched in pathways, including mRNA surveillance, RNA transport and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Further validation indicated 6 gene (DSN1, BIRC5, CDCA8, MLF1IP, MAD2L1 and SPC24) is highly expressed in osteosarcoma tissues. Among them, CDCA8, DSN1 and BIRC5 significantly promoted the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells in vitro. In terms of mechanism, DSN1 and CDCA8 were mainly involved in cell cycle regulation, while BIRC5 was mainly involved in the regulation of apoptosis pathway.

Conclusions:

We identified some key genes and pathways in osteosarcoma, which might be used as molecular targets or diagnostic biomarker for the diagnosis and therapy of osteosarcoma.
CSF1R and HCST: Novel Candidate Biomarkers Predicting the Response to Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Qi Xiaoguang , Qi Chunyan , Wu Tao , Hu Yi
Published: November 2020

Objective:

Precision immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been the focus of tumor immunity research. The aim of this study is to identify novel candidate biomarkers predicting the response to immunotherapy in NSCLC.

Methods:

GSE126044 was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). According to the response to anti-PD-1 antibody, 2 groups were divided: response group and non-response group. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using R. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed. ROC curves and possible pathways of the seed genes were further analyzed.

Results:

In total, 588 DEGs (487 upregulated DEGs and 101 downregulated) were identified. GO and KEGG analyses showed that upregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in immune response and cell adhesion pathways, while VEGF signaling pathway and metabolic pathways were mainly enriched in downregulated DEGs. In addition, CSF1 R and HCST showed more powerful predictive ability than PDL1. More importantly, these candidate genes were not only positively correlated with the expression of PDL1 and the infiltration of CD8+ T cells in the immune microenvironment, but also might improve the prognosis in lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Conclusions:

CSF1 R and HCST might be novel predictive markers for immunotherapy in NSCLC.
The Preliminary Results of 3-Dimensional Printed Individual Template Assisted 192Ir High-Dose Rate Interstitial Brachytherapy for Central Recurrent Gynecologic Cancer
Authors: Jiang Ping , Qu Ang , Wei Shuhua , Sun Haitao , Zhang Xile , Li Xu , Wang Junjie
Published: November 2020

Objective:

To evaluate the feasibility and safety of high dose rate interstitial brachytherapy (HDR-IB) assisted with 3-dimensional printing individual template (3D-PIT) for central pelvic recurrent gynecologic cancer (CR-GYN).

Methods:

Totally 32 patients diagnosed with CR-GYN received iridium-192(192Ir) HDR-IB assisted with 3D-PIT that was classified in 2 types(Type I: transvaginal template/ applicator, and Type II: transvaginal combined transperineal template). The prescribed dose to gross tumor volume (GTV) was 10-36 Gy in 2-6 fractions. We rely on a few dosimetric parameters for quality control. The short-term efficacy was evaluated by RECIST v1.1, and the adverse event was evaluated by CTCAE V4.0.

Results:

The median V100, D100 and D90 of per fraction among all the patients were 88.9%±9.8%, 3.45Gy±0.54 Gy, and 5.79Gy±0.32 Gy, respectively. Dosimetric comparison between preplan and treatment plan of 20/32 patients with Type II 3D-PIT showed no significant difference in GTV volume, V100, D100, D90, conformation index (CI) and homogeneity index (HI). No severe treatment complications occurred. Grade 3 or 4 late toxicities (fistula) were observed in 3 patients (9%). The local response rate (complete remission, CR + partial remission, PR) was 84.4% (27/32) 1 month after completion of treatment. The median time to progression (TTP) was 15.4 months (95% CI 11.3- 19.6 months), 1-year local control (LC) rate were 51.7%.

Conclusions:

HDR-IB assisted by 3D-PIT was a reliable modality for CR-GYN due to the clinical feasibility and accepted complications.
The Impact of Sleep Disorders on Functional Recovery and Participation Following Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fulk George D. , Boyne Pierce , Hauger Makenzie , Ghosh Raktim , Romano Samantha , Thomas Jonathan , Slutzky Amy , Klingman Karen
Published: November 2020

Background

Adequate sleep is vital for health and quality of life. People with stroke and a concomitant sleep disorder may have poorer outcomes than those without a sleep disorder.

Objective

To systematically evaluate the published literature to determine the impact of sleep disorders on physical, functional recovery at the activity and participation level after stroke.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and PsycINFO. Studies were selected that reported outcomes on physical, functional recovery at the activity and participation levels in participants with stroke and a diagnosed sleep disorder. A meta-analysis was performed on included studies that reported Barthel Index (BI) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores. Results: A total of 33 studies were included in the systematic review with 9 of them in the meta-analysis. The mean mRS score was 0.51 points higher in participants with stroke and sleep disorders versus participants with stroke without sleep disorder [95% CI: 0.23-0.78]. The mean BI score was 10.2 points lower in participants with stroke and sleep disorders versus participants with stroke without sleep disorder [95% CI: −17.9 to −2.6].

Conclusions

People with stroke and a sleep disorder have greater functional limitations and disability than those without a sleep disorder. Rehabilitation professionals should screen their patients with stroke for potential sleep disorders and further research is needed to develop sleep and rehabilitation interventions that can be delivered in combination. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019125562.
Comparison of Objective Intermediate-Term Outcomes Between per-Oral Endoscopic Myotomy and Laparoscopic Heller Myotomy Show Equivalence
Authors: Ward Marc A. , Clothier Jessica S. , Ebrahim Ahmed , Ogola Gerald O. , Leeds Steven G.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The surgical gold standard for esophageal motility disorders is laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM). Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a less invasive flexible endoscopic alternative. We compare their intermediate-term outcomes. Methods. Data were collected on consecutive LHM and POEM patients treated for esophageal motility disorders from January 2015 to December 2019. All patients were invited for a comprehensive workup between 6 and 12 months post-myotomy including symptom evaluation, pH testing off medications, manometry, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Primary outcomes include swallowing function and development of postoperative gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Results. There were 100 patients (46 LHM and 54 POEM). Patient demographics and presenting symptoms were comparable. Follow-up data were obtained from 49% of patients. Average length of follow-up for all patients was 10 months. Mean Eckardt scores for LHM decreased from 6.6 to 2.4 ( P < .05) and from 7.06 to 2.2 for POEM ( P < .05). Mean integrated relaxation pressure decreased from 22.8 preoperatively to 11 postoperatively in LHM patients and from 24.6 to 11.5 in POEM patients. POEM patients had a lower incidence of objective postoperative GERD with lower average DeMeester scores (20 vs 29.4) and a higher percentage of patients with a normal DeMeester score (47% vs 31%) compared to LHM patients. However, postoperative GERD health related quality of life scores (11.7 vs 14.1), the percent of patients on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (40% vs 53%), and frequency of grade C/D esophagitis (4.3% vs 5.6%) were lower in LHM patients. Conclusions. Intermediate-term symptom resolution and esophageal physiology are improved equally with both procedures. The development of postoperative GERD is equivalent.