bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Municipality Strategic Prospects in the Post-COVID Time
Authors: Šilhánková Vladimíra , Maštálka Martin
Published: December 2021

The municipalities development planning consists of two main streams—the spacial planning and the strategic planning—intents, objectives, and tactics of which are coordinated with various successes and outputs. The strategic planning has been implemented into the East European municipalities' management since the end of the 1990s. It had to respond to many oncoming circumstances. Economic, security, environmental, and other crises, both national and global, occurred. But the COVID-19 disease pandemic has brought wholly new challenges in the life management in the societies all over the world. The chapter intends to investigate how the value priorities within the municipalities strategic objectives changed during the pandemic, taking the Czech Republic (one of the European COVID-19 most affected countries) as an example.
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy and Physiological Data Analysis for Treatment of Stress Disorders
Authors: Trappey Charles V. , Trappey Amy J. C. , Chang C. M. , Tsai M. C. , Kuo Routine R. T. , Lin Aislyn P. C.
Published: December 2021

Anxiety disorders are diagnosed when people become overreactive, disassociated, and feel emotionally unable to control feelings to the extent that their daily lifes are affected. Driving phobia is one of the widespread anxiety disorders in modern society, which cause problematic disruptions of a patient's daily activities. Exposure therapy is an approach gaining popularity for treating patients with stress disorders. Virtual reality (VR) technology allows people to interact with objects and stimuli in an immersive way. The VR for phobic therapy using indirect exposure, which can be safely discontinued or lowed in terms of intensity, is the area of research with literature published and patents granted. This research focuses on reviewing virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) literature and patents. The chapter also presents the research and development of a novel driving phobia VRET system with the detailed experiments to demonstrate the design, development, implementation, enhancement, and verification of VRET.
The Evolution of Ethnic Preferential Policies in the 21st Century
Authors: Lin Yuqi , Li Jiaqi
Published: December 2021

Ethnic preferential policies for gaokao—the national college entrance examination—are important for students of ethnic minorities to be included in the tertiary education system in China. While these policies promote educational inclusiveness and guarantee the right to higher education for students of ethnic minority, evidence has indicated that these students are struggling to acquire equal higher education opportunities compared to their mainstream counterparts. Referring to Bourdieu's concept of cultural capital, this chapter contributes a new perspective to the existing discussion of ethnic preferential policies. The chapter examines Chinese ethnic preferential policies and relevant supporting policies in this century. It identifies the evolution of these policies, indicating the developmental trend and arguing that the inclusiveness of ethnic minority students should comprise more than adjusting the admission score. Instead, a more comprehensive approach should be taken to acknowledge and legitimise the existing cultural capital of ethnic minority students.
Changing Gears in the Assessment Cycle
Authors: Seipel Ben , Bailey Paul , Teasdale Rachel
Published: December 2021

There is an ongoing need to prepare postsecondary educators to use not only 21st century assessment tools but also 21st andragogy/pedagogy that meets the needs of all 21st century learners. This chapter reviews those issues, reviews different aspects and approaches to assessment, and proposes an encompassing assessment framework for culturally responsive, authentic, reflective, ethical, formative, universal, and learner-focused (CAREFUL) assessment. The chapter contextualizes these approaches in faculty development (FDEV) to help “change gears” using data from a FDEV opportunity at a midsized, comprehensive university. The chapter provides several examples of CAREFUL assessment and a discussion of how FDEV can improve student learning and experiences.
Reflection and Learning Conversations in the Sociology Classroom
Authors: Tanguay Iona H.
Published: December 2021

This study is a small-scale action research study about the role of reflection in learning that was set in an international school in Romania during the time of a pandemic. The aim of the research was to listen to sociology students' feedback about the experience of focusing on reflection and to uncover the meaning that it had for them. It was a response to engaging with Deborah Eyre's high-performance learning (HPL) philosophy, which argues that the skills of high achieving learners can be taught to all students. The status of evidence-based methods, as a justification for educational initiatives towards social change, is considered alongside a short discussion of Hattie's synthesis of evidence-based methods and his focus on “making learning visible” in the classroom. The potential for HPL methods to provide an inclusive template of teaching and learning is briefly considered. This study describes the journey of a small action research study in the classroom and assesses its qualitative findings whilst acknowledging that some aspects of the study design were flawed.
An Inclusive Teaching Program From the Socio-Intercultural Entrepreneurship Approach
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G. , García Ernesto Guerra
Published: December 2021

This chapter aims to elaborate a critical assessment of socio-intercultural entrepreneurship. The study is supported on the assumption that culture and social entrepreneurship are limited and that a framework analysis that helps to improve the understanding of the socio-economic realities is necessary. The research methodology employed were the exploratory and analytical instruments based on literature review and the transference of findings to a specific case on a postgraduate program in economy and international business at the Autonomous Indigenous University of Mexico. It's concluded that socio-intercultural entrepreneurship presents a methodological frame that allows entrepreneurs to have a major perception of global and local realities.
Human Behaviour in Organizations
Authors: Al-Aali Ebtihaj Ahmed
Published: December 2021

It is crucial to grasp individual behaviour in organizations. This can shed light on evaluation of organizational outcomes. The evaluation can assist in deciding changes required. This chapter investigates organizational behaviour models. The investigation aims to develop a better comprehension of human behaviour. The chapter examines the most reviewed organizational behaviour models. These models are the human relation, the system perspective, productivity perspective, the human resource approach, the contingency approach, and finally, the situation approach. These models are argued to be elementalistic. The elementalism leads to perceive humans and their behaviour in a partial manner. The Aristotelian structure of language underpinning Indo-European languages upholds such elementalism. The structure is built on three laws. These are “is” of identity, two value orientation, and excluding middle stance. The chapter presents some principles of Islam to transform organizational behaviour models. The model enriched by Islam is argued to be in flux.
El nacionalismo argentino y la novela apocalíptica como prospectiva histórica.
Authors: Ighina Domingo César
Published: December 2021

Al tiempo que el nacionalismo en Argentina lograba instaurar sus diversas posiciones sobre la historia mediante el desarrollo de la corriente historiográfica llamada revisionismo, desplegaba a partir de la década de 1930 una profusa narrativa de ficción histórica que procuraba popularizar dicha perspectiva. En tal contexto parte del esfuerzo cultural nacionalista se centró en hacer una lectura finalista o teleológica de la historia a partir de lo que aquí llamamos novela apocalíptica: una literatura de anticipación que diagnostica los males del presente y fija sus consecuencias en función de los intereses políticos defendidos.
Poética del desgarro, más allá de la narrativa y el testimonio. Lenguajes ingobernables, discursividades post-conflicto en el Perú.
Authors: Kabusch Marcela Magdalena
Published: December 2021

Intentando comprender la discursividad que dio nombre y significación a las décadas del ´80 y ´90 en el Perú, nos adentramos en la lectura de un texto clave en la ruptura de cierta hegemonía en torno a la reconstrucción de la historia reciente y a la discursividad que la sostiene. Así, teniendo en cuenta categorías como “poética del desgarro” o “desborde” (originalmente demográfico) nos encontramos con un texto desbordado en cuanto a lo genérico y en cuanto a la visión postconflicto en el Perú, visión que continuaba la narrativa criolla y reproducía el diseño del estado-nación para explicar el conflicto interno, sus causas y consecuencias.
Literatura e Historia: testimonios y negaciones.
Authors: Abadie Nicolás Daniel
Published: December 2021

Los trabajos que se presentan en esta mesa redonda cuestionan, desde el análisis de producciones literarias específicas, los modos de representación de la realidad nacional con que los discursos oficiales escribieron su historia. Las nociones de desborde (Matos Mar, 2004) y negación (Kusch, 1975) en su relación dialéctica de oposición, contraste y tensión, estructuran las hipótesis de sentido que progresan, de manera fundamentada y certera, a lo largo de las investigaciones. De este modo, se hace evidente la manera en que el discurso historiográfico se asienta sobre parcialidades ideológicas que generan subalternidades. Sin embargo, por medio de una revisión atenta, concretamente desde la literatura y su específica habilidad de recrear imaginarios sociales, podríamos apropiarnos de los sentidos subliminales, de las voces silenciadas y de las identidades marginales que en ese espacio circulan.
A ditadura dos mais produtivos: subdesenvolvimento, educação universitária e elitismo na revista Planejamento & Desenvolvimento (1973-1975).
Authors: Lohn Reinaldo Lindolfo
Published: December 2021

Este artigo aborda a relação estabelecida entre subdesenvolvimento e educação pela área de planejamento econômico da ditadura militar brasileira. O texto resulta de investigação histórica na revista Planejamento & Desenvolvimento, veículo oficial do regime, destacando matérias publicadas entre 1973 e 1975. Os estudos divulgados pela revista revelam indícios de um projeto social abrangente para a formação de elites universitárias que comandassem uma população considerada incapaz de acompanhar a produtividade exigida pelo desenvolvimento econômico. Foram manejadas interpretações sociais elitistas e visões políticas autoritárias duradouras para discutir o acesso das classes sociais mais empobrecidas do país à educação superior.
Doença: a luz no fim do túnel.
Authors: Cotrim Guimarães Maria Regina , De Assis Carvalho Edgard
Published: December 2021

A partir de uma perspectiva interdisciplinar, o texto apresenta os resultados parciais de pesquisa realizada no Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica IST/AIDS, do Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chegas, da Fiocruz. São narrativas de sofrimento que expõem a trajetória de vida da população trans estudada, suas sexualidades, condições de saúde, doenças, perspectivas, agravadas pela pandemia da COVID-19. A pesquisa ressalta a urgência de políticas públicas e equânimes capazes de enfrentar a diversidade dos dispositivos da sexualidade e garantir a consolidação da cidadania democrática. Por razões éticas, os nomes apresentados são fictícios.

 

Palavras-chave: Sexualidade. Cidadania. Trans.
A peste bubônica em Salvador (1928): reflexões sobre uma epidemia.
Authors: Dos Santos Batista Ricardo , Araújo dos Santos Chacauana
Published: December 2021

Este texto tem como objetivo analisar o surto epidêmico de peste bubônica que ocorreu em Salvador, em 1928. A ênfase está na presença da doença em três dimensões sociais: o conhecimento científico, as disputas políticas e as ações do estado. São utilizados como fonte periódicos soteropolitanos como Diário da Bahia, Diário de Notícias e A Tarde, teses da Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia e relatórios da Secretaria de Saúde e Assistência Pública. Conclui-se que a doença atravessou diferentes dimensões do contexto estudado e revela interesses, conflitos e tensões que moviam os atores sociais.
Crime, superstição ou loucura: o Espiritismo no olhar de João Baptista Pereira.
Authors: Angelica Aparecida Silva de Almeida  , Adriana Gomes
Published: December 2021

O código penal de 1890 considerou a prática do Espiritismo como um crime contra a saúde pública. Esse artigo analisa os escritos de João Baptista Pereira, autor do código, para investigar suas justificativas para a inclusão do Espiritismo enquanto crime. Além disto, analisamos os argumentos utilizados pelos espíritas solicitando a retirada da criminalização do Espiritismo sob a lei. Pereira possuía uma visão fortemente negativa do Espiritismo, recorrente à época, comparando-o à fraude, charlatanismo, crime, loucura e atraso intelectual, sendo um dever criminalizá-lo. Os espíritas que tentaram desconstruir esta visão não obtiveram êxito e o Espiritismo permaneceu incluído na lei.
Tanto resistência quanto rendição: raça, escravidão e pós-emancipação nas religiões de matriz africana.
Authors: Baptista José Renato de Carvalho
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho pretende apresentar algumas perspectivas sobre certas práticas da umbanda e do candomblé que sugerem formas de memória da escravidão e de como esta é percebida pelos adeptos destas religiões. Nosso pressuposto é de que a memória é socialmente construída e os agentes sociais se apropriam destas construções no sentido de orientar suas ações ou discursos sobre o passado e o presente. Na umbanda, o culto aos “pretos-velhos” propõe uma forma específica de memorizar a escravidão, apontando para as formas de submissão e violência, além das inscrições corporais da escravidão, presentes na possessão pelas entidades denominadas “pretas e pretos-velhos”. No candomblé, temos a escravidão como uma espécie de vácuo ou lacuna histórica, vista como etapa necessária da iniciação. A escravidão é rememorada para ser esquecida, como um estado de privação dos sentidos, que serão retomados com a complementação da iniciação.
Uma história da África “Nagô” em Sergipe.
Authors: Mello Janaina Cardoso de
Published: December 2021

Uma outra História da África pode ser contada através das biografias da diáspora negra no Brasil. Desse modo, o artigo percorre as vidas de alguns personagens importantes para a resistência cultural e religiosa na cidade de Laranjeiras, em Sergipe, da segunda metade do século XIX ao século XX, perpassando pela fundação do Terreiro nagô Santa Bárbara Virgem e as lideranças do grupo de folguedo conhecido como Taieiras. Dentre nossos sujeitos históricos estão: Esméria, Ti Henrique, Ti Herculano, Calú, Umbelina, Dona Maria de Lourdes Santos e a Lôxa Bárbara Cristina dos Santos. Inicialmente contado como uma narrativa literária no limiar da micro-história ao contexto mais amplo, termina fazendo referência aos estudos contemporâneos do tema.
Um encontro entre militância política e vivência religiosa: as disputas eleitorais de Adolpho Bezerra de Menezes ao senado brasileiro (1886-1900).
Authors: Freire Lemos Flávio Luan , Victor Cavalcanti Seal da Cunha André
Published: December 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo compreender a atuação política de Adolpho Bezerra de Menezes, no período correspondente a transição entre império e república brasileira, ou seja, após sua conversão pública ao Espiritismo. Para tanto, mobilizamos suas biografias, trabalhos acadêmicos, mas, sobretudo, um extenso levantamento nos jornais em fins do século XIX. O intuito do uso dos periódicos é ultrapassarmos alguns pontos biográficos do sujeito histórico em questão. Ao fim, buscamos denotar sua carreira parlamentar e política como importante para compreender os bastidores da política do período. Através disso, rompemos com a ideia do seu abandono da atuação partidária em favor do engajamento no Movimento Espírita.
Religiões mediúnicas e afro-brasileiras.
Authors: Serafim Vanda Fortuna
Published: December 2021

Apresentação do dossiê religiões mediúnicas e afro-brasileiras.
Mucosal Immunity in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Bojanowski Christine M , Lu Shiping , Kolls Jay K
Published: December 2021

The highly complex and variable genotype–phenotype relationships observed in cystic fibrosis (CF) have been an area of growing interest since the discovery of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene >30 y ago. The consistently observed excessive, yet ineffective, activation of both the innate and adaptive host immune systems and the establishment of chronic infections within the lung, leading to destruction and functional decline, remain the primary causes of morbidity and mortality in CF. The fact that both inflammation and pathogenic bacteria persist despite the introduction of modulator therapies targeting the defective protein, CFTR, highlights that we still have much to discover regarding mucosal immunity determinants in CF. Gene modifier studies have overwhelmingly implicated immune genes in the pulmonary phenotype of the disease. In this context, we aim to review recent advances in our understanding of the innate and adaptive immune systems in CF lung disease.
Underutilization and Quality Gaps in Blood Culture Processing in Public Hospitals of Peru
Authors: Krapp Fiorella , Rondon Claudia , Amaro Catherine , Barco-Yaipén Evelyn , Valera-Krumdieck María , Vásquez Rubén , Briones Alexander , Casapia Martin , Burgos Antonio , Sarmiento López Favio , Vilcapoma Pierina , Díaz Sipión Roberto , Villegas-Chiroque Miguel , Castillo Kelly , Pino-Dueñas Jimena , Cuaresma Cuadros Edwin , Alpaca-Salvador Hugo , Campana René , Peralta Córdova Teresa , Sierra Chavez Elizett , Aguado Ventura Carla , Peeters Marjan , Jacobs Jan , Garcia Coralith
Published: December 2021

Correct processing of blood cultures may impact individual patient management, antibiotic stewardship, and scaling up of antimicrobial resistance surveillance. To assess the quality of blood culture processing, we conducted four assessments at 16 public hospitals across different regions of Peru. We assessed the following standardized quality indicators: 1) positivity and contamination rates, 2) compliance with recommended number of bottles/sets and volume of blood sampled, 3) blood culture utilization, and 4) possible barriers for compliance with recommendations. Suboptimal performance was found, with a median contamination rate of 4.2% (range 0–15.1%), with only one third of the participating hospitals meeting the target value of < 3%; and a median positivity rate of 4.9% (range 1–8.1%), with only 6 out of the 15 surveilled hospitals meeting the target of 6–12%. None of the assessed hospitals met both targets. The median frequency of solitary blood cultures was 71.9% and only 8.9% (N = 59) of the surveyed adult bottles met the target blood volume of 8 – 12 mL, whereas 90.5% (N = 602) were underfilled. A high frequency of missed opportunities for ordering blood cultures was found (69.9%, 221/316) among patients with clinical indications for blood culture sampling. This multicenter study demonstrates important shortcomings in the quality of blood culture processing in public hospitals of Peru. It provides a national benchmark of blood culture utilization and quality indicators that can be used to monitor future quality improvement studies and diagnostic stewardship policies.
Snakebite Management and One Health in Asia Using an Integrated Historical, Social, And Ecological Framework
Authors: Landry Yuan Félix , Devan-Song Anne , Yue Sam , Bonebrake Timothy C.
Published: December 2021

Snakebite envenomation continues to contribute to high fatality and morbidity rates across Asia. Yet snake bite is one of many outcomes due to human-snake conflicts, which themselves are only one type of human-snake relationship among the diversity of such interactions. We propose that human-snake relationships need to be explored from a perspective integrative of history, ecology, and culture in order to adequately and holistically address snake bite. In order to contextualize this concept within a language already understood in conservation research, we characterize and develop four interconnected themes defining human-snake relationships as a social ecological system. By breaking down the multifaceted nature of human-snake relationships under a social ecological systems framework, we explore its applicability in contributing to a unified strategy, drawing from both social and natural sciences for ending the snakebite crisis.
Climatic Variability and Human Leptospirosis Cases in Cartagena, Colombia: A 10-Year Ecological Study
Authors: Cano-Pérez Eder , Loyola Steev , Espitia-Almeida Fabián , Torres-Pacheco Jaison , Malambo-García Dacia , Gómez-Camargo Doris
Published: December 2021

Leptospirosis is an acute febrile disease that mainly affects developing countries with tropical climates. The complexity and magnitude of this disease is attributed to socioeconomic, climatic, and environmental conditions. In this study, in a 10-year period from 2008 to 2017, the relationship between human leptospirosis cases and climatic factors in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia were evaluated. Monthly leptospirosis cases, climatic variables, and macroclimatic phenomena (El Niño and La Niña) were obtained from public datasets. Local climatic factors included temperature (maximum, average, and minimum), relative humidity, precipitation, and the number of precipitation days. Time series graphs were drawn and correlations between cases of leptospirosis and climatic variables considering lags from 0 to 10 months were examined. A total of 360 cases of leptospirosis were reported in Cartagena during the study period, of which 192 (53.3%) were systematically notified between October and December. Several correlations were detected between the number of cases, local climatic variables, and macroclimatic phenomena. Mainly, the increase of cases correlated with increased precipitation and humidity during the La Niña periods. Herein, seasonal patterns and correlations suggest that the climate in Cartagena could favor the incidence of leptospirosis. Our findings suggest that prevention and control of human leptospirosis in Cartagena should be promoted and strengthened, especially in the last quarter of the year.
The Use of Visual Templates for Sharing Knowledge in Team Meetings at Work: A Qualitative Case Study.
Authors:   , Saintot Valérie
Published: December 2021

The present study explores the use of visual templates to facilitate knowledge sharing in real life team meetings. Ten real life teams belonging to ten different departments of the same organisation have been invited to take part in a case study replicating a team meeting. The purpose of the case study was to compare how and why meetings supported or not by visual templates lead to diverging meeting output, participants’ behaviours, and perceptions. The visual template used in the case study is a matrix mapping interest and power of stakeholders. The present qualitative research built on two disciplines, namely knowledge visualization in communication research and group interaction analysis in small group research. The phenomenon of knowledge sharing in meeting discussions was explored through a social constructionist lens with some embodied cognitivist elements borrowing from the 4E cognition framework. The verbal statements of the meeting participants were coded with the Act4Teams coding scheme. Participants’ perceptions have been collected through an individual questionnaire and focus group discussions. Field notes, artefacts and photographs completed the data set. The field research confirmed that also real team are helped by visual templates when it comes to delivering on their meeting objectives. A visual template can help make tacit knowledge tangible. It helps recall the knowledge visualized on the template. It nudges the discussions towards a concrete output. A visual template stimulates disagreement and avoid groupthink. It enables silence which in turn helps teams take distance to review critically the knowledge sharing process. It also helps the team organise the knowledge shared. The research contributed to bringing together knowledge visualization and group interaction analysis. It allowed the Dunning-Kruger effect to be observed as the satisfaction affirmed by teams without tangible meeting output was comparable to those with a tangible output. It also contributed some insights on how making thinking visible can help researchers unveil patterns relating to the phenomenon studied using visual ethnography approaches.
An Innovative Security Screening Architecture for Detecting Illicit Goods and Threats
Authors: Skraparlis Athanasios , Ntalianis Klimis , Kouremenos Dimitris , Mastorakis Nikolaos
Published: December 2021

Every year, millions of letters/parcels containing illicit goods are detected by customs authorities, which use traditional security screening equipment. However this equipment cannot detect all kinds of illicit goods and the detection procedure heavily depends on the attention of the customs officer. In order to achieve sufficiently fast intelligent screening of the large volumes of letters/parcels and detect all common kinds of threats, this paper proposes a highly innovative architecture well-beyond the state-of–art. In particular the proposed architecture monitors every letter/parcel by incorporating: (a) terahertz/X-ray sensors, (b) chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBNR) sensors, (c) artificial robot-noses for narcotics, explosives etc., (d) magnetometers for weapons, firearms, banknotes etc., (e) acoustic sensors for liquids/gases/solids, (f) weight/pressure sensors to measure weight distribution, size and shape. Sensory information can be: (a) used to create a “Spectral Signatures Dictionary of Illicit Goods and Threats”, (b) fused to segment/isolate illicit goods and (c) visualized in the form of annotated high-resolution tensor-structured (3D/4D) multisensory image data. The proposed solution also gathers available information for the sender/recipient from various resources, while it also analyzes data from the dark web. All information is forwarded to an AI-based knowledge infrastructure.
Spectral Analysis of Translation-Invariant Mechanical Systems with Application to Structural Vibrations and Stability
Authors: Banichuk Nikolay V. , Barsuk Alexander A. , Ivanova Svetlana Yu. , Tuovinen Tero T.
Published: December 2021

The paper considers the problems and the methods of spectral analysis of elastic structural systems. The presented consideration focuses on the translation-invariant spectral formulations. Some periodic representations and the spectral decomposition are derived. In the context of general analysis of translation-invariant systems, the particular problems of structural vibration and stability are solved in analytical form.
Leadership Rounding to Improve Patient Satisfaction in Pediatric Ambulatory Care
Authors:   , Haskell Tara
Published: December 2021

Practice Problem: Low patient satisfaction has been linked to poor treatment compliance, patients leaving the practice, staff decreased job satisfaction, and high staff turnover (Haskard Zolnierek & DiMatteo, 2009; Prakash, 2010). Magnet reporting has identified wide discrepancies in ambulatory clinics, with some clinics reporting below benchmark patient satisfaction ratings. PICOT: In pediatric ambulatory and primary care services, how will the implementation of leader-led customer service rounding, compared to current practice, increase family and/or patient satisfaction over 4 weeks? Evidence: Key findings are that the rounding needs to be population-specific, intentional, and swiftly followed up when problems are identified. The body of evidence suggests that implementing leadership rounding in a setting such as pediatric ambulatory care could benefit the patients served by building trust and communication. Intervention: Implementation of a leadership rounding survey modified from current hospital rounding tools on patients and families by nursing leaders. Outcome: While post-data results did not have a statistically significant change from the pre-data results, several identified needs for the clinics were discovered. Clinical significance, in this project, addresses the family-identified needs for change, which will impact future care. Conclusion: Rounding on families in pediatric ambulatory care is an integral part of the care that can identify patient satisfaction needs and practice differences between clinics, leading to more consistency in patient satisfaction in the future.
Modernleşen Toplumun Vefa Duygusuna Yabancılaşması ve Bazı Çözüm Önerileri
Authors: GÜLTEKİN M. Bekir
Published: December 2021

Bu makalede, vefa duygusunda ve onun toplumsal tezahürlerinde yaşanan değişimler, sosyolojinin kavramsallaştırmalarından olan yabancılaşma kavramı çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Geleneksel toplumun güçlü duygularından olan vefanın modern toplumda zayıflaması, yabancılaşma olgusuyla doğru orantılı olarak geliştiği düşünülmektedir. Modern toplumun tüketim kültürü ve rasyonellik anlayışı da yabancılaşmayı tetikleyici ve geleneksel vefa duygusunu tahrip edici birer unsur olarak değerlendirilmiştir. İnsan doğasında bir nüve olarak her zaman var olan vefa duygusu, modern toplumla birlikte üstü küllenmiş olsa da ona yeni bir anlam kazandırıldığında eski toplumsal işlevselliğini yeniden elde edebileceği düşünülmektedir. Birey ve toplumda yabancılaşmanın artması ölçüsünde ondaki vefa duygusu tükendiği gibi bu psikozu aşması ölçüsünde de vefa duygusunun canlandığı öngörülmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra modern rasyonellikle değişen yaşam biçimleri ve duygu durumuna uygun yeni bir vefa anlayışını geliştirmenin elverişli bir yol olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Teorik çerçevede ele alınan bu konunun, vefasızlığın çokça dillendirildiği günümüzde başta dinî açıdan olmak üzere diğer toplumsal yönleriyle de irdelenmesine katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
Explosion in the History of the Nobility in French Historiography
Authors: Figeac Michel
Published: December 2021

For the past thirty years, the history of the nobility has been one of the fields of social history that have mobilized most researchers. This trend is largely due to the interest shown in new family collections, in correspondence and in private writings. We see this abundant mass of publications as being the reflection of the diversity of the nobility. A first block of authors have isolated noble categories: parliamentary nobility, “second” order nobility, poor nobility, etc. A second type of research has focused on personages emblematic of their milieus, and finally, some historians have been interested in comparisons with other European aristocracies. The second section of the article will show how the transformations of the monarchical state engendered mutations in the second order. Finally, it will be shown how scholarship on social changes has more particularly studied differences between town and country, material culture and mobility and noble culture.
From Semi-Colony to Sub-Empire
Authors: Kövér György
Published: December 2021

This study analyses the historiographical application of two concepts (colony, and empire), the contemporary interpretations of which fundamentally determined judgements about the status of Hungary within the Habsburg Monarchy. Despite the fact that the concept of ‘colony’ as used in the eighteenth century was widely known, the category of the ‘semi-colony’ eventually proved to be unable to describe the conditions of the Austrian–Hungarian world in the second half of the nineteenth century. The term ‘Hungarian Empire’ clearly arose from the language of the nineteenth century. Various meanings of this were formulated: as a term for the one-time territory of Hungarian Kingdom (the Holy Crown of St. Stephen, meaning Hungary proper, Transylvania, Croatia, and Slavonia) on the one hand; and another one that included expansion beyond the Carpathian basin (mainly toward southeastern Europe). A third meaning also existed: a Hungarian-centered version that included all Habsburg provinces, which from time to time was hard to distinguish from the first and second meanings mentioned above. Reviewing the asymmetrical but parallel developments of the concepts of ‘colony’ and ‘empire,’ we must establish that in the long term the case for the usage of both terms has been undermined. Even more does this opinion seem to be valid in the case of derivative, retrospectively constructed concepts (such as semi-colony, and sub-empire) that are not rooted in the dictionary of the historical sources and conceptual history of political ideas.
Penafsiran Ayat-Ayat Ahkam Tentang Wakaf
Authors: Firmansyah Hamdan
Published: December 2021

Bila dilihat sepintas, wakaf dan sedaqah hampirlah sama, hal ini bahkan telah lumrah pada sebagian besar masyarakat yang awam. Namun apabila ditela’ah lebih mendalam maka dapat disimpulkan perbedaan-perbedaan antara wakaf dan sedeqah, yang diantara keduanya amat berlainan, baik dari segi hikmah, kegunaan dan cara pelaksanaannya. Diantara wakaf dan sedekah juga mempunyai hikmah tersendiri yang berbeda pula. Wakaf pada dasarnya memiliki peraturan-peraturan khusus, terutama pada jenis harta yang diwakafkan. hal ini berbeda dengan sedaqah yang tidak memiliki peraturan-peraturan yang khusus. Asalkan memiliki harta untuk disedaqahkan dan ada orang yang akan menerima sedeqah tersebut maka sedeqah telah sah untuk dilakukan. Wakaf dan sedeqah juga memiliki persamaan yaitu kedua perbuatan tersebut adalah perbuatan yang diklasifikasikan kepada perbuatan tabarru’ yaitu perbuatan yang tidak mengharapkan balasan apa-apa dari si penerima wakaf atau sedeqah, tetapi yang diharapkan dari wakaf dan sedeqah adalah balasan pahala dari Allah SWT dihari akhirat nanti. Wakaf dan sedeqah juga memiliki dalil-dalil tersendiri yang berbeda yang akan dibahas dalam tulisan ini nantinya, yang mana dalil-dalil tersebut berasal dari Al Quran dan Hadist Nabi.

 

Kata Kunci: Wakaf, Hadist, Al Quran
Relationship of Personality Characteristics with Impression Management Components in Employees of Iranian Governmental Organizations
Authors: Seyedoshohadaei Seyedeh Asrin , Hejrat Serveh
Published: December 2021

In the present study, we investigated the role of personality in understanding impression management (IM) behaviors Effective employee behaviors are tangible and visible in organizational environments. In fact, many people in organizations try to impress their image on the minds of others. In this paper, we try to rank the level of application of impression management tactics (self-regulation, self-righteousness, example, support, and intimidation) based on personality traits of employees in government organizations in Kurdistan province. The present research is a research-applied research, and as a method of data collection, it is a descriptive-survey research. For data analysis, Friedman test was used. Finally, with caution, it has been shown that each of the personality characteristics of employees, which one of the impression management categories is most likely to be.
HPLC determination of Ursolic acid in flowers of an Iranian Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Cultivar
Authors: Fatemeh Sharifiyan , Abbas Mirjalili Seyed , Mohammad Fazilati , Saeed Habibollahi , Elahe Poorazizi
Published: December 2021

Ursolic acid (UA), is a major bioactive compound in several traditional medicinal plants including pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) flower. This study presents the HPLC analysis of UA content in flowers of an Iranian pomegranate cultivar. The analytical method’s accuracy and the repeatability were satisfactory. The Linear ranges were 100-400 µg/ml for UA with a good correlation. On the average, the recovery rate of UA was 100%. Here, the extraction of UA from an Iranian pomegranate flower cultivar by employing an ultrasound-assisted extraction method was reported, and several extraction solvents were studied to improve extraction yield of UA. Remarkable quantities of UA were found in cultivar of pomegranate flower evaluated. Our results showed that Iranian pomegranate flower cv. Ghorj Tafti Torsh is a good source for extraction and isolation of UA.
INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FUNDAMENTALS OF MUNICIPAL REFORM IN UKRAINE
Authors: Khvan R. M.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the formation and development of local self-government of the Ukrainian state and their compliance with European legal standards of local democracy. It was revealed that at present the development of the Ukrainian state is impossible without the functioning of an effective institution of local self-government as an integral element of civil society and the rule of law. It has been established that the completion of the long- term reform of local self-government, taking into account the European legal standards of local self-government, will make it possible to speak about the establishment of a real civil society and a rule of law in Ukraine.

It is noted that recently the constitutional principles of local self-government have begun to lag behind the real state of existence and functioning of this subsystem of public power. And this, in turn, leads to the inhibition of its further progressive development and improvement. Moreover, the current post-Soviet model of local self-government in Ukraine is characterized by internal contradictions: on the one hand, a combination of organizational and legal forms inherited from Soviet times with models formed during modern Ukrainian statehood; on the other hand, the latest models of public administration at the territorial level unsystematically combine borrowing from several, sometimes directly opposite, Western models of administrative structure.

It is noted that the perception of foreign experience, especially in the field of rule- making and rule-making, is quite a difficult task, because here it is necessary to introduce into the legal system of one state, through appropriate borrowing mechanisms, the legal norms of another state. of these, will lead to legal and administrative conflicts. It is noted that the use of European legal standards for building local self-government in Ukraine should become the basis and standard for the practical implementation of a systemic set of reforms in the management system at the local and regional level.
MAIN INTERESTS OF A MEMBER OF THE TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY AS A CONSUMER OF MUNICIPAL SERVICES
Authors: Kalarash A. A.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the essence and features of the interests of a member of the territorial community as a consumer of municipal services, clarifying the public interest and the interest of a member of the territorial community, as well as providing characteristics of municipal services and outlining the specifics of the status of a member local governments in the formation and maintenance of such status. The notion of interests of a member of a territorial community as a consumer of municipal services is defined: it is a notion that reflects the aspirations, needs, motives, goals and ideas about the welfare of a member of such a territorial community as a local human community. self- government) through municipal enterprises or involved business entities, which ultimately aim to obtain quality and affordable services to the local population. It was found that municipal services are the activities of local governments, their officials or their established institutions, organizations and utilities to fulfill their responsibilities to local communities (or their community) to create conditions for the full implementation of citizens (members of the relevant territorial communities) their rights and freedomsIt was revealed that municipal services are the activities of local governments, their officials or their established institutions, organizations and utilities to fulfill their responsibilities to local communities (or their community) to create conditions for the full implementation of citizens (members of the relevant territorial communities) their rights and freedoms. It has been established that for the effective realization of the interests of members of the territorial community as consumers of municipal services, the municipal government, represented by local governments, must have information about the benefits that are important to them. It is noted that the normative indication in the interpretation of local self-government "in the interests of the local population (territorial community)" would not only clearly focus on understanding the purpose for which the institution of local self- government in Ukraine operates and what it is intended for.
GEOPOLITICAL LEGAL ENTITY OF A PERSON AS A MEMBER OF A TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY
Authors: Bobrovnik D. O.
Published: December 2021

The article contains a study of the geopolitical legal personality of man as a member territorial community. The article defines the concepts of legal personality in view of the set of rights and responsibilities of a special entity – a member of the territorial community. The article contains general theoretical features and definitions of the term "member of the territorial community". It is determined that geopolitics in the context of the formation and implementation of the legal personality of the territorial community also involves Ukraine's approximation to European (international) legal standards of local government, because the territorial community is the primary subject of local government, and geopolitics, in turn, involves understanding , recognition and research of the territorial community not only within the Ukrainian experience, but also using the rich municipal experience of European states, in particular the states of the Romano-Germanic legal system, or states belonging to the continental legal family. It is noted that the correctness of creating optimal administrative-territorial units in the state (by separating or combining them), and the definition and institutionalization of one territorial community in one administrative-territorial unit – will ensure decentralization of management, maximum proximity to the people of public institutions and, accordingly, will allow to effectively address urgent issues of people's lives, the provision of quality administrative and public services to residents of villages, towns and cities.

The ways which will provide formation of both geopolitical legal personality of territorial community, and will establish formation of geopolitical legal personality of the person as a member of such territorial community, uniting in this process local, regional, national, macroregional and universal (global) factors are offered. and tendencies based on the principles of democracy, decentralization, rule of law, priority of human rights and freedoms over the rights of the state
ANTHROPOLOGIZATION AND ANTHROPOCENTRISM IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AS A BASIC TREND OF DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL LEGAL STATUS OF PERSON, PERSONALITY AND CITIZEN
Authors: Boychenko I.I. , Humeniuk V. V. , Boyarsky V. О.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the trends of anthropologization and anthropocentrism in constitutional law, which act as a fundamental trend in the development and improvement of the constitutional and legal status of man, individual and citizen. Emphasis is placed on the importance of these trends through their assistance to the state in meeting the intentions, aspirations, needs, interests, attitudes of man, manifested at the local level of functioning of state-organized society, within the territorial community, in local government and in everyday life through establishment, development and improvement of the constitutional and legal status of a person (individual) and a citizen.

It is argued that in the process of implementing the trends of anthropologization and anthropocentrism in constitutional law, the state applies a number of methodological approaches to man (personality) through the development, formation, legalization, application, protection, protection, guarantee and implementation of its constitutional status, namely: a) the constitutional and legal status of a person (individual) and a citizen organically passes into the municipal legal status of a person (individual) and is realized through the phenomenology of municipal human rights; b) an individual approach to each person (personality) that exists and functions in the territory of the state is possible in the praxeological sense – only under conditions of public self-government (municipal) power and the application of municipal legal status of a person (individual); c) the adjustment of public administration and state rule-making should take into account the above paradigmatic guidelines.

It is proved that the basis of these trends in constitutional law is the philosophical maxim "man is the measure of all things", which is transformed into a paradigm of management and rule-making activities of the state through the establishment of appropriate constitutional status of man (person) and citizen (including other legal states), foreignness, statelessness, refugees, etc.), which determines the essential aspects of human- state interaction, as well as demonstrates the real relationship of the state to man.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE JURY INSTITUTE AS A GUARANTEE OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE UKRAINIAN MODERN JUDICIAL SYSTEM
Authors: Fedorov I. V.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical and practical problems related to the formation and functioning of the jury in Ukraine. The work analyzes the legislation of Ukraine, the scientific positions of domestic and foreign scientists-proceduralists on the formation and functioning of the jury. The essence, the order of formation, the peculiarities of the functioning of the jury trial, the elements of the jury's protection during his activities related to the administration of justice are clarified. It is determined that the practice of jurors, there are difficulties in understanding the jury as a source of evidence protocols of covert investigative (search) actions and materials of operational and investigative measures, due to the specifics of these materials. It is therefore important to explain to the jury the purpose for which, for example, the personal data of persons who participated in covert investigative (search) actions were changed in the protocols in order to remove any doubts about the authenticity of these documents. The prosecutor must explain to the jury the general conditions for conducting covert investigative (search) actions. Difficulties also arise during the examination of testimony given during the pre-trial investigation to the investigating judge, as jurors usually do not directly accept the testimony of such persons. and law. Such a model fully fits into the European continental model of criminal procedure and in modern conditions, taking into account reasonable proposals to improve the trial of juries, will ensure the proper participation of people in criminal proceedings.A number of proposals and recommendations have been developed to improve the legal regulation of the formation and activities of the jury in Ukraine.