bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UMI-linked consensus sequencing enables phylogenetic analysis of directed evolution
Authors: Zurek Paul Jannis , Knyphausen Philipp , Neufeld Katharina , Pushpanath Ahir , Hollfelder Florian
Published: November 2020

The success of protein evolution campaigns is strongly dependent on the sequence context in which mutations are introduced, stemming from pervasive non-additive interactions between a protein’s amino acids (‘intra-gene epistasis’). Our limited understanding of such epistasis hinders the correct prediction of the functional contributions and adaptive potential of mutations. Here we present a straightforward unique molecular identifier (UMI)-linked consensus sequencing workflow (UMIC-seq) that simplifies mapping of evolutionary trajectories based on full-length sequences. Attaching UMIs to gene variants allows accurate consensus generation for closely related genes with nanopore sequencing. We exemplify the utility of this approach by reconstructing the artificial phylogeny emerging in three rounds of directed evolution of an amine dehydrogenase biocatalyst via ultrahigh throughput droplet screening. Uniquely, we are able to identify lineages and their founding variant, as well as non-additive interactions between mutations within a full gene showing sign epistasis. Access to deep and accurate long reads will facilitate prediction of key beneficial mutations and adaptive potential based on in silico analysis of large sequence datasets.
Infants recruit logic to learn about the social world
Authors: Cesana-Arlotti Nicolò , Kovács Ágnes Melinda , Téglás Ernő
Published: November 2020

When perceptually available information is scant, we can leverage logical connections among hypotheses to draw reliable conclusions that guide our reasoning and learning. We investigate whether this function of logical reasoning is present in infancy and aid understanding and learning about the social environment. In our task, infants watch reaching actions directed toward a hidden object whose identity is ambiguous between two alternatives and has to be inferred by elimination. Here we show that infants apply a disjunctive inference to identify the hidden object and use this logical conclusion to assess the consistency of the actions with a preference previously demonstrated by the agent and, importantly, also to acquire new knowledge regarding the preferences of the observed actor. These findings suggest that, early in life, preverbal logical reasoning functions as a reliable source of evidence that can support learning by offering a logical route for knowledge acquisition.
High-resolution combinatorial patterning of functional nanoparticles
Authors: Xing Xing , Man Zaiqin , Bian Jie , Yin Yadong , Zhang Weihua , Lu Zhenda
Published: November 2020

Fast, low-cost, reliable, and multi-component nanopatterning techniques for functional colloidal nanoparticles have been dreamed about by scientists and engineers for decades. Although countless efforts have been made, it is still a daunting challenge to organize different nanocomponents into a predefined structure with nanometer precision over the millimeter and even larger scale. To meet the challenge, we report a nanoprinting technique that can print various functional colloidal nanoparticles into arbitrarily defined patterns with a 200 nm (or smaller) pitch (>125,000 DPI), 30 nm (or larger) pixel size/linewidth, 10 nm position accuracy and 50 nm overlay precision. The nanopatterning technique combines dielectrophoretic enrichment and deep surface-energy modulation and therefore features high efficiency and robustness. It can form nanostructures over the millimeter-scale by simply spinning, brushing or dip coating colloidal nanoink onto a substrate with minimum error (error ratio < 2 × 10−6). This technique provides a powerful yet simple construction tool for large-scale positioning and integration of multiple functional nanoparticles toward next-generation optoelectronic and biomedical devices.
A stem cell reporter based platform to identify and target drug resistant stem cells in myeloid leukemia
Authors: Spinler Kyle , Bajaj Jeevisha , Ito Takahiro , Zimdahl Bryan , Hamilton Michael , Ahmadi Armin , Koechlein Claire S. , Lytle Nikki , Kwon Hyog Young , Anower-E-Khuda Ferdous , Sun Hao , Blevins Allen , Weeks Joi , Kritzik Marcie , Karlseder Jan , Ginsberg Mark H. , Park Pyong Woo , Esko Jeffrey D. , Reya Tannishtha
Published: November 2020

Intratumoral heterogeneity is a common feature of many myeloid leukemias and a significant reason for treatment failure and relapse. Thus, identifying the cells responsible for residual disease and leukemia re-growth is critical to better understanding how they are regulated. Here, we show that a knock-in reporter mouse for the stem cell gene Musashi 2 (Msi2) allows identification of leukemia stem cells in aggressive myeloid malignancies, and provides a strategy for defining their core dependencies. Specifically, we carry out a high throughput screen using Msi2-reporter blast crisis chronic myeloid leukemia (bcCML) and identify several adhesion molecules that are preferentially expressed in therapy resistant bcCML cells and play a key role in bcCML. In particular, we focus on syndecan-1, whose deletion triggers defects in bcCML growth and propagation and markedly improves survival of transplanted mice. Further, live imaging reveals that the spatiotemporal dynamics of leukemia cells are critically dependent on syndecan signaling, as loss of this signal impairs their localization, migration and dissemination to distant sites. Finally, at a molecular level, syndecan loss directly impairs integrin β7 function, suggesting that syndecan exerts its influence, at least in part, by coordinating integrin activity in bcCML. These data present a platform for delineating the biological underpinnings of leukemia stem cell function, and highlight the Sdc1-Itgβ7 signaling axis as a key regulatory control point for bcCML growth and dissemination.
Atomically precise nanoclusters with reversible isomeric transformation for rotary nanomotors
Authors: Qin Zhaoxian , Zhang Jiangwei , Wan Chongqing , Liu Shuang , Abroshan Hadi , Jin Rongchao , Li Gao
Published: November 2020

Thermal-stimuli responsive nanomaterials hold great promise in designing multifunctional intelligent devices for a wide range of applications. In this work, a reversible isomeric transformation in an atomically precise nanocluster is reported. We show that biicosahedral [Au13Ag12(PPh3)10Cl8]SbF6 nanoclusters composed of two icosahedral Au7Ag6 units by sharing one common Au vertex can produce two temperature-responsive conformational isomers with complete reversibility, which forms the basis of a rotary nanomotor driven by temperature. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis on the reversible isomeric transformation demonstrates that the Gibbs free energy is the driving force for the transformation. This work offers a strategy for rational design and development of atomically precise nanomaterials via ligand tailoring and alloy engineering for a reversible stimuli-response behavior required for intelligent devices. The two temperature-driven, mutually convertible isomers of the nanoclusters open up an avenue to employ ultra-small nanoclusters (1 nm) for the design of thermal sensors and intelligent catalysts.
Seven centuries of reconstructed Brahmaputra River discharge demonstrate underestimated high discharge and flood hazard frequency
Authors: Rao Mukund P. , Cook Edward R. , Cook Benjamin I. , D’Arrigo Rosanne D. , Palmer Jonathan G. , Lall Upmanu , Woodhouse Connie A. , Buckley Brendan M. , Uriarte Maria , Bishop Daniel A. , Jian Jun , Webster Peter J.
Published: November 2020

The lower Brahmaputra River in Bangladesh and Northeast India often floods during the monsoon season, with catastrophic consequences for people throughout the region. While most climate models predict an intensified monsoon and increase in flood risk with warming, robust baseline estimates of natural climate variability in the basin are limited by the short observational record. Here we use a new seven-century (1309–2004 C.E) tree-ring reconstruction of monsoon season Brahmaputra discharge to demonstrate that the early instrumental period (1956–1986 C.E.) ranks amongst the driest of the past seven centuries (13th percentile). Further, flood hazard inferred from the recurrence frequency of high discharge years is severely underestimated by 24–38% in the instrumental record compared to previous centuries and climate model projections. A focus on only recent observations will therefore be insufficient to accurately characterise flood hazard risk in the region, both in the context of natural variability and climate change.
SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein D614G mutation increases virion spike density and infectivity
Authors: Zhang Lizhou , Jackson Cody B. , Mou Huihui , Ojha Amrita , Peng Haiyong , Quinlan Brian D. , Rangarajan Erumbi S. , Pan Andi , Vanderheiden Abigail , Suthar Mehul S. , Li Wenhui , Izard Tina , Rader Christoph , Farzan Michael , Choe Hyeryun
Published: November 2020

SARS-CoV-2 variants with spike (S)-protein D614G mutations now predominate globally. We therefore compare the properties of the mutated S protein (SG614) with the original (SD614). We report here pseudoviruses carrying SG614 enter ACE2-expressing cells more efficiently than those with SD614. This increased entry correlates with less S1-domain shedding and higher S-protein incorporation into the virion. Similar results are obtained with virus-like particles produced with SARS-CoV-2 M, N, E, and S proteins. However, D614G does not alter S-protein binding to ACE2 or neutralization sensitivity of pseudoviruses. Thus, D614G may increase infectivity by assembling more functional S protein into the virion.
Interplay between spin proximity effect and charge-dependent exciton dynamics in MoSe2/CrBr3 van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Lyons T. P. , Gillard D. , Molina-Sánchez A. , Misra A. , Withers F. , Keatley P. S. , Kozikov A. , Taniguchi T. , Watanabe K. , Novoselov K. S. , Fernández-Rossier J. , Tartakovskii A. I.
Published: November 2020

Semiconducting ferromagnet-nonmagnet interfaces in van der Waals heterostructures present a unique opportunity to investigate magnetic proximity interactions dependent upon a multitude of phenomena including valley and layer pseudospins, moiré periodicity, or exceptionally strong Coulomb binding. Here, we report a charge-state dependency of the magnetic proximity effects between MoSe2 and CrBr3 in photoluminescence, whereby the valley polarization of the MoSe2 trion state conforms closely to the local CrBr3 magnetization, while the neutral exciton state remains insensitive to the ferromagnet. We attribute this to spin-dependent interlayer charge transfer occurring on timescales between the exciton and trion radiative lifetimes. Going further, we uncover by both the magneto-optical Kerr effect and photoluminescence a domain-like spatial topography of contrasting valley polarization, which we infer to be labyrinthine or otherwise highly intricate, with features smaller than 400 nm corresponding to our optical resolution. Our findings offer a unique insight into the interplay between short-lived valley excitons and spin-dependent interlayer tunneling, while also highlighting MoSe2 as a promising candidate to optically interface with exotic spin textures in van der Waals structures.
High-speed volumetric two-photon fluorescence imaging of neurovascular dynamics
Authors: Fan Jiang Lan , Rivera Jose A. , Sun Wei , Peterson John , Haeberle Henry , Rubin Sam , Ji Na
Published: November 2020

Understanding the structure and function of vasculature in the brain requires us to monitor distributed hemodynamics at high spatial and temporal resolution in three-dimensional (3D) volumes in vivo. Currently, a volumetric vasculature imaging method with sub-capillary spatial resolution and blood flow-resolving speed is lacking. Here, using two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM) with an axially extended Bessel focus, we capture volumetric hemodynamics in the awake mouse brain at a spatiotemporal resolution sufficient for measuring capillary size and blood flow. With Bessel TPLSM, the fluorescence signal of a vessel becomes proportional to its size, which enables convenient intensity-based analysis of vessel dilation and constriction dynamics in large volumes. We observe entrainment of vasodilation and vasoconstriction with pupil diameter and measure 3D blood flow at 99 volumes/second. Demonstrating high-throughput monitoring of hemodynamics in the awake brain, we expect Bessel TPLSM to make broad impacts on neurovasculature research.
Scalable thermoelectric fibers for multifunctional textile-electronics
Authors: Ding Tianpeng , Chan Kwok Hoe , Zhou Yi , Wang Xiao-Qiao , Cheng Yin , Li Tongtao , Ho Ghim Wei
Published: November 2020

Textile electronics are poised to revolutionize future wearable applications due to their wearing comfort and programmable nature. Many promising thermoelectric wearables have been extensively investigated for green energy harvesting and pervasive sensors connectivity. However, the practical applications of the TE textile are still hindered by the current laborious p/n junctions assembly of limited scale and mechanical compliance. Here we develop a gelation extrusion strategy that demonstrates the viability of digitalized manufacturing of continuous p/n TE fibers at high scalability and process efficiency. With such alternating p/n-type TE fibers, multifunctional textiles are successfully woven to realize energy harvesting on curved surface, multi-pixel touch panel for writing and communication. Moreover, modularized TE garments are worn on a robotic arm to fulfill diverse active and localized tasks. Such scalable TE fiber fabrication not only brings new inspiration for flexible devices, but also sets the stage for a wide implementation of multifunctional textile-electronics.
Author Correction: Blood–brain barrier permeable nano immunoconjugates induce local immune responses for glioma therapy
Authors: Galstyan Anna , Markman Janet L. , Shatalova Ekaterina S. , Chiechi Antonella , Korman Alan J. , Patil Rameshwar , Klymyshyn Dmytro , Tourtellotte Warren G. , Israel Liron L. , Braubach Oliver , Ljubimov Vladimir A. , Mashouf Leila A. , Ramesh Arshia , Grodzinski Zachary B. , Penichet Manuel L. , Black Keith L. , Holler Eggehard , Sun Tao , Ding Hui , Ljubimov Alexander V. , Ljubimova Julia Y.
Published: November 2020

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20129-9
Influence of oxidative stress on vascular calcification in the setting of coexisting chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Watanabe Shuhei , Fujii Hideki , Kono Keiji , Watanabe Kentaro , Goto Shunsuke , Nishi Shinichi
Published: November 2020

Vascular calcification (VC) is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Particularly, CKD patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) develop severe VC. Specific mechanisms of VC remain unclear; this study aimed to investigate them in the context of coexisting CKD and DM, mainly regarding oxidative stress. Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups as follows: control rats (Control), 5/6 nephrectomized rats (CKD), streptozotocin-injected rats (DM), 5/6 nephrectomized and streptozotocin-injected rats (CKD + DM), CKD + DM rats treated with insulin (CKD + DM + INS), and CKD + DM rats treated with antioxidant apocynin (CKD + DM + APO). At 18 weeks old, the rats were sacrificed for analysis. Compared to the control, DM and CKD groups, calcification of aortas significantly increased in the CKD + DM group. Oxidative stress and osteoblast differentiation-related markers considerably increased in the CKD + DM group compared with the other groups. Moreover, apocynin considerably reduced oxidative stress, osteoblast differentiation-related markers, and aortic calcification despite high blood glucose levels. Our data indicate that coexisting CKD and DM hasten VC primarily through an increase in oxidative stress; anti-oxidative therapy may prevent the VC progression.
An improved de novo assembling and polishing of Solea senegalensis transcriptome shed light on retinoic acid signalling in larvae
Authors: Córdoba-Caballero José , Seoane Pedro , Jabato Fernando M. , Perkins James R. , Manchado Manuel , Claros M. Gonzalo
Published: November 2020

Senegalese sole is an economically important flatfish species in aquaculture and an attractive model to decipher the molecular mechanisms governing the severe transformations occurring during metamorphosis, where retinoic acid seems to play a key role in tissue remodeling. In this study, a robust sole transcriptome was envisaged by reducing the number of assembled libraries (27 out of 111 available), fine-tuning a new automated and reproducible set of workflows for de novo assembling based on several assemblers, and removing low confidence transcripts after mapping onto a sole female genome draft. From a total of 96 resulting assemblies, two “raw” transcriptomes, one containing only Illumina reads and another with Illumina and GS-FLX reads, were selected to provide SOLSEv5.0, the most informative transcriptome with low redundancy and devoid of most single-exon transcripts. It included both Illumina and GS-FLX reads and consisted of 51,348 transcripts of which 22,684 code for 17,429 different proteins described in databases, where 9527 were predicted as complete proteins. SOLSEv5.0 was used as reference for the study of retinoic acid (RA) signalling in sole larvae using drug treatments (DEAB, a RA synthesis blocker, and TTNPB, a RA-receptor agonist) for 24 and 48 h. Differential expression and functional interpretation were facilitated by an updated version of DEGenes Hunter. Acute exposure of both drugs triggered an intense, specific and transient response at 24 h but with hardly observable differences after 48 h at least in the DEAB treatments. Activation of RA signalling by TTNPB specifically increased the expression of genes in pathways related to RA degradation, retinol storage, carotenoid metabolism, homeostatic response and visual cycle, and also modified the expression of transcripts related to morphogenesis and collagen fibril organisation. In contrast, DEAB mainly decreased genes related to retinal production, impairing phototransduction signalling in the retina. A total of 755 transcripts mainly related to lipid metabolism, lipid transport and lipid homeostasis were altered in response to both treatments, indicating non-specific drug responses associated with intestinal absorption. These results indicate that a new assembling and transcript sieving were both necessary to provide a reliable transcriptome to identify the many aspects of RA action during sole development that are of relevance for sole aquaculture.
COVID-19 predictability in the United States using Google Trends time series
Authors: Mavragani Amaryllis , Gkillas Konstantinos
Published: November 2020

During the unprecedented situation that all countries around the globe are facing due to the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has also had severe socioeconomic consequences, it is imperative to explore novel approaches to monitoring and forecasting regional outbreaks as they happen or even before they do so. To that end, in this paper, the role of Google query data in the predictability of COVID-19 in the United States at both national and state level is presented. As a preliminary investigation, Pearson and Kendall rank correlations are examined to explore the relationship between Google Trends data and COVID-19 data on cases and deaths. Next, a COVID-19 predictability analysis is performed, with the employed model being a quantile regression that is bias corrected via bootstrap simulation, i.e., a robust regression analysis that is the appropriate statistical approach to taking against the presence of outliers in the sample while also mitigating small sample estimation bias. The results indicate that there are statistically significant correlations between Google Trends and COVID-19 data, while the estimated models exhibit strong COVID-19 predictability. In line with previous work that has suggested that online real-time data are valuable in the monitoring and forecasting of epidemics and outbreaks, it is evident that such infodemiology approaches can assist public health policy makers in addressing the most crucial issues: flattening the curve, allocating health resources, and increasing the effectiveness and preparedness of their respective health care systems.
Comparative transcriptome analysis implied a ZEP paralog was a key gene involved in carotenoid accumulation in yellow-fleshed sweetpotato
Authors: Suematsu Keisuke , Tanaka Masaru , Kurata Rie , Kai Yumi
Published: November 2020

The mechanisms of carotenoid accumulation in yellow-fleshed sweetpotato cultivars are unclear. In this study, we compared the transcriptome profiles of a yellow-fleshed cultivar, Beniharuka (BH) and two of its spontaneous white-fleshed mutants (WH2 and WH3) to reveal the genes involved in yellow flesh. As a result of RNA sequencing, a total of 185 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were commonly detected in WH2 and WH3 compared to BH. Of these genes, 85 DEGs and 100 DEGs were commonly upregulated and downregulated in WH2 and WH3 compared to BH, respectively. g1103.t1, a paralog of zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP), was only DEG common to WH2 and WH3 among 38 genes considered to be involved in carotenoid biosynthesis in storage roots. The expression level of g1103.t1 was also considerably lower in five white-fleshed cultivars than in five yellow-fleshed cultivars. Analysis of carotenoid composition in the storage roots showed that the epoxidised carotenoids were drastically reduced in both WH2 and WH3. Therefore, we propose that the ZEP paralog, g1103.t1, may be involved in carotenoid accumulation through the epoxidation of β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin in sweetpotato.
Retrospective assessment of rat liver microsomal stability at NCATS: data and QSAR models
Authors: Siramshetty Vishal B. , Shah Pranav , Kerns Edward , Nguyen Kimloan , Yu Kyeong Ri , Kabir Md , Williams Jordan , Neyra Jorge , Southall Noel , Nguyễn Ðắc-Trung , Xu Xin
Published: November 2020

Hepatic metabolic stability is a key pharmacokinetic parameter in drug discovery. Metabolic stability is usually assessed in microsomal fractions and only the best compounds progress in the drug discovery process. A high-throughput single time point substrate depletion assay in rat liver microsomes (RLM) is employed at the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. Between 2012 and 2020, RLM stability data was generated for ~ 24,000 compounds from more than 250 projects that cover a wide range of pharmacological targets and cellular pathways. Although a crucial endpoint, little or no data exists in the public domain. In this study, computational models were developed for predicting RLM stability using different machine learning methods. In addition, a retrospective time-split validation was performed, and local models were built for projects that performed poorly with global models. Further analysis revealed inherent medicinal chemistry knowledge potentially useful to chemists in the pursuit of synthesizing metabolically stable compounds. In addition, we deposited experimental data for ~ 2500 compounds in the PubChem bioassay database (AID: 1508591). The global prediction models are made publicly accessible (https://opendata.ncats.nih.gov/adme). This is to the best of our knowledge, the first publicly available RLM prediction model built using high-quality data generated at a single laboratory.
Daily inhalation of hydrogen gas has a blood pressure-lowering effect in a rat model of hypertension
Authors: Sugai Kazuhisa , Tamura Tomoyoshi , Sano Motoaki , Uemura Shizuka , Fujisawa Masahiko , Katsumata Yoshinori , Endo Jin , Yoshizawa Joe , Homma Koichiro , Suzuki Masaru , Kobayashi Eiji , Sasaki Junichi , Hakamata Yoji
Published: November 2020

A recent clinical study demonstrated that haemodialysis with a dialysate containing hydrogen (H2) improves blood pressure control in end-stage kidney disease. Herein, we examined whether H2 has a salutary effect on hypertension in animal models. We subjected 5/6 nephrectomised rats to inhalation of either H2 (1.3% H2 + 21% O2 + 77.7% N2) or control (21% O2 + 79% N2) gas mixture for 1 h per day. H2 significantly suppressed increases in blood pressure after 5/6 nephrectomy. The anti-hypertensive effect of H2 was also confirmed in rats in a stable hypertensive state 3 weeks after nephrectomy. To examine the detailed effects of H2 on hypertension, we used an implanted telemetry system to continuously monitor blood pressure. H2 exerted an anti-hypertensive effect not only during daytime rest, but also during night-time activities. Spectral analysis of blood pressure variability revealed that H2 improved autonomic imbalance, namely by suppressing the overly active sympathetic nervous system and augmenting parasympathetic nervous system activity; these effects co-occurred with the blood pressure-lowering effect. In conclusion, 1-h daily exposure to H2 exerts an anti-hypertensive effect in an animal model of hypertension.
Synthesis of novel cytotoxic tetracyclic acridone derivatives and study of their molecular docking, ADMET, QSAR, bioactivity and protein binding properties
Authors: Veligeti Rajkumar , Madhu Rajesh Bagepalli , Anireddy Jayashree , Pasupuleti Visweswara Rao , Avula Vijaya Kumar Reddy , Ethiraj Krishna S. , Uppalanchi Srinivas , Kasturi Sivaprasad , Perumal Yogeeswari , Anantaraju Hasitha Shilpa , Polkam Naveen , Guda Mallilkarjuna Reddy , Vallela Swetha , Zyryanov Grigory Vasilievich
Published: November 2020

Acridone based synthetic and natural products with inherent anticancer activity advancing the research and generating a large number of structurally diversified compounds. In this sequence we have designed, synthesized a series of tetracyclic acridones with amide framework viz., 3-(alkyloyl/ aryloyl/ heteroaryloyl/ heteroaryl)-2,3-dihydropyrazino[3,2,1-de]acridin-7(1H)-ones and screened for their in vitro anti-cancer activity. The in vitro study revealed that compounds with cyclopropyl-acetyl, benzoyl, p-hydroxybenzoyl, p-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl, p-fluorobenzoyl, m-fluorobenzoyl, picolinoyl, 6-methylpicolinoyl and 3-nicotinoyl groups are active against HT29, MDAMB231 and HEK293T cancer cell lines. The molecular docking studies performed for them against 4N5Y, HT29 and 2VWD revealed the potential ligand–protein binding interactions among the neutral aminoacid of the enzymes and carbonyl groups of the title compounds with a binding energy ranging from − 8.1394 to − 6.9915 kcal/mol. In addition, the BSA protein binding assay performed for them has confirmed their interaction with target proteins through strong binding to BSA macromolecule. The additional studies like ADMET, QSAR, bioactivity scores, drug properties and toxicity risks ascertained them as newer drug candidates. This study had added a new collection of piperazino fused acridone derivatives to the existing array of other nitrogen heterocyclic fused acridone derivatives as anticancer agents.
Emotional well-being and gut microbiome profiles by enterotype
Authors: Lee Sung-Ha , Yoon Seok-Hwan , Jung Yeonjae , Kim Namil , Min Uigi , Chun Jongsik , Choi Incheol
Published: November 2020

With increasing attention being paid to improving emotional well-being, recent evidence points to gut microbiota as a key player in regulating mental and physical health via bidirectional communication between the brain and gut. Here, we examine the association between emotional well-being and gut microbiome profiles (i.e., gut microbiome composition, diversity, and the moderating role of the enterotypes) among healthy Korean adults (n = 83, mean age = 48.9, SD = 13.2). The research was performed using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing to obtain gut microbiome profiles, as well as a self-report survey that included the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The cluster-based analysis identified two enterotypes dominated by the genera Bacteroides (n = 49) and Prevotella (n = 34). Generalized linear regression analysis reveals significant associations between positive emotion and gut microbiome diversity (Shannon Index) among participants in the Prevotella dominant group, whereas no such relationship emerged among participants in the Bacteroides group. Moreover, a novel genus from the family Lachnospiraceae is associated with emotional well-being scores, both positive and negative. Together, the current findings highlight the enterotype-specific links between the gut microbiota community and emotion in healthy adults and suggest the possible roles of the gut microbiome in promoting mental health.
Linked color imaging can improve the visibility of superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors
Authors: Okimoto Kenichiro , Maruoka Daisuke , Matsumura Tomoaki , Tokunaga Mamoru , Kaneko Tatsuya , Oura Hirotaka , Akizue Naoki , Ohta Yuki , Saito Keiko , Arai Makoto , Kato Jun , Kato Naoya
Published: November 2020

The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of linked color imaging (LCI) in improving the visibility of superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs). We prospectively evaluated 44 consecutive patients diagnosed with SNADETs. Three trainees and three experts assessed the visibility scores of white light imaging (WLI), LCI, and blue laser imaging-bright (BLI-b) for SNADETs, which ranged from 1 (not detectable without repeated cautious examination) to 4 (excellent visibility). In addition, the L* a* b* color values and color differences (ΔE*) were evaluated using the CIELAB color space system. For SNADETs, the visibility scores of LCI (3.53 ± 0.59) were significantly higher than those of WLI and BLI-b (2.66 ± 0.79 and 3.41 ± 0.64, respectively). The color differences (ΔE*) between SNADETs and the adjacent normal duodenal mucosa in LCI mode (19.09 ± 8.33) were significantly higher than those in WLI and BLI-b modes (8.67 ± 4.81 and 12.92 ± 7.95, respectively). In addition, the visibility score of SNADETs and the color differences in LCI mode were significantly higher than those in WLI and BLI-b modes regardless of the presence of milk white mucosa (MWM). LCI has potential benefits, and it is considered a promising clinical modality that can increase the visibility of SNADETs regardless of the presence of MWM.

This study was registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN000028840).
A green wave of saltmarsh productivity predicts the timing of the annual cycle in a long-distance migratory shorebird
Authors: Smith Joseph A. M. , Regan Kevin , Cooper Nathan W. , Johnson Luanne , Olson Elizabeth , Green Ashley , Tash Jeff , Evers David C. , Marra Peter P.
Published: November 2020

Understanding how migratory animals respond to spatial and temporal variation in habitat phenology is critical for identifying selection pressures and tradeoffs at different life history stages. We examined the influence of breeding habitat phenology on life history timing of the eastern willet (Tringa semipalmata semipalmata) across a latitudinal gradient of breeding sites on the east coast of North America. To describe migration and life history timing, we deployed light-level geolocators on willets at breeding sites in New Jersey, Massachusetts and Maine, USA and evaluated additional data on life history timing and migratory connectivity from previous studies, eBird and band recoveries. Willets from Nova Scotia to Georgia winter exclusively on the Atlantic coast of northern South America and share common stopover sites. The timing of wintering site departure, breeding site arrival, nesting and southbound departure was later for birds breeding at higher latitudes while the duration of all life phases was similar across sites. Regardless of latitude, nesting corresponded with a consistent stage of seasonal salt marsh biomass accumulation and with peak spring temperature acceleration (GDD jerk). Temperature acceleration and salt marsh biomass were closely correlated with each other across the 11° latitudinal gradient we examined and with the timing of nest initiation across the northern 6° of this gradient. For this northern 6° of latitude, these results suggest that the timing of migration and breeding events in the annual cycle of eastern willets is constrained by a phenological “green wave” of spring salt marsh productivity at breeding sites.
Correction: Analysis of 1-aminoisoquinoline using the signal amplification by reversible exchange hyperpolarization technique
Authors: Jeong Hye Jin , Min Sein , Jeong Keunhong
Published: November 2020

Correction for ‘Analysis of 1-aminoisoquinoline using the signal amplification by reversible exchange hyperpolarization technique’ by Hye Jin Jeong et al., Analyst, 2020, 145, 6478–6484. DOI: 10.1039/D0AN00967A.
A turn-on fluorescent probe for Lu3+ recognition and bio-imaging in live cells and zebrafish
Authors: Aatif A Mujthaba , R Selva Kumar , Majeed S. Abdul , Kumar S. K. Ashok
Published: November 2020

A high-performance fluorescent probe (L) for selective recognition of Lu3+ is developed. The probe L selectively recognizes Lu3+via CHEF and it can detect Lu3+ as low as 23 nM. The probe L applied in bioimaging of Lu3+ in zebrafish larvae.
Insight into the organocatalytic arylation of azonaphthalenes with α-chloroaldehydes: the general mechanism and origin of selectivities
Authors: Wang Xinghua , Wang Yang , Wei Donghui , Lan Yu
Published: November 2020

The mechanism and origin of selectivities of NHC-catalyzed arylation of azonaphthalenes with α-chloroaldehydes have been theoretically studied for the first time.
A high-Tc organic-ionic phase transition crystal obtained from a trivalent cation
Authors: Liu Yu-Hua , Liu Jun-Chao , Peng Hang , Huang Xue-Qin , Liao Wei-Qiang , Wang Zhong-Xia
Published: November 2020

The organic-ionic crystal of [1,4,7-triazacyclononammonium] Cl3, containing a trivalent cation, shows a high-temperature phase transition coupled with dielectric switching.
Infrared photodissociation spectroscopic investigation on VO+ and NbO+ hydrolysis catalyzed by water molecules
Authors: Xin Ke , Chen Yinjuan , Zhang Luning , Xu Bing , Wang Xuefeng , Wang Guanjun
Published: November 2020

We investigate the hydrolysis of vanadium/niobium monoxide cation (VO+/NbO+) with water molecules in the gas phase.
Atomistic description of plasmonic generation in alloys and core shell nanoparticles
Authors: Sørensen Lasse K. , Utyushev Anton D. , Zakomirnyi Vadim I. , Ågren Hans
Published: November 2020

Using the ex-DIM we show and explain why the position of surface plasmon resonances of alloys follow Vegard's linear relationship with the ratio of the constituents and why the polarizability is non-linear with mixing ratio and geometry dependent.
ESIPT fluorophores derived from 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone based carbon dots for dual emission and multiple anti-counterfeiting
Authors: He Futao , Li Hai-Bei , Xu Hao , Bai Jing , Cheng Yanyan , Meng Xianrui , Zhang Wenkai , Fang Xiaomin , Xu Yuanqing , Ding Tao
Published: November 2020

An excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer (ESIPT) active fluorophore is extracted from 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone based carbon dots.
Interfacial electronic features in methyl-ammonium lead iodide and p-type oxide heterostructures: new insights for inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Pecoraro Adriana , De Maria Antonella , Delli Veneri Paola , Pavone Michele , Muñoz-García Ana B.
Published: November 2020

First-principles simulations unveil the interface electronic structures of MAPI/NiO and MAPI/CuGaO2 heterojunctions in inverted perovskite solar cells.
Insights into efficient removal of gaseous p-xylene using cerium-doped ZnO nanoparticles through photocatalytic oxidation
Authors: Cheng Zhuowei , Wang Junjie , Chen Dongzhi , Yu Jianming , Zhang Shihan , Wang Shuang , Dai Yunfei
Published: November 2020

Novel Ce-doped ZnO exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity for decomposing VOCs under VUV light.
Laccase aggregates via poly-lysine-supported immobilization onto PEGA resin, with efficient activity and high operational stability and can be used to degrade endocrine-disrupting chemicals
Authors: Yamaguchi Hiroshi , Miyazaki Masaya
Published: November 2020

Laccase was for the first time immobilized as enzyme aggregates onto PEGA resin using the technique of poly-lysine-supported cross-linking. Immobilized laccase showed efficient enzymatic activity with high operational stability and good reusability.
Mesoporous carbon nitride supported 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-21H,23H-porphine cobalt(ii) as a selective and durable electrocatalyst for the production of hydrogen peroxide via two-electron oxygen reduction
Authors: Singh Devesh Kumar , Ganesan Vellaichamy , Yadav Dharmendra Kumar , Yadav Mamta , Sonkar Piyush Kumar , Gupta Rupali
Published: November 2020

Stability and efficiency of CoTMPP@MCN along with the general strategy for tuning the active site.
Energy transfer in ternary blend organic solar cells: recent insights and future directions
Authors: Mohapatra Aiswarya Abhisek , Tiwari Vivek , Patil Satish
Published: November 2020

Resonance energy transfer in ternary blend organic solar cells is discussed by drawing parallels from natural photosynthetic proteins.
Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside represses tumor growth and invasionin vivoby suppressing autophagyviainhibition of the JNK signaling pathways
Authors: Wei Tian , Ji Xiaowen , Xue Jinsong , Gao Yan , Zhu Xiaomei , Xiao Guiran
Published: November 2020

Black bean seed coat extract (BBSCE) contains a high amount of bioactive compounds which can reduce the risk of cancers, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understoodin vivo.
Taxifolin ameliorate high-fat-diet feeding plus acute ethanol binge-induced steatohepatitis through inhibiting inflammatory caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis
Authors: Zhan Zi-Ying , Wu Mei , Shang Yue , Jiang Min , Liu Jian , Qiao Chun-Ying , Ye Huan , Lin Yong-Ce , Piao Mei-Hua , Sun Rong-Hui , Zhang Zhi-Hong , Jiao Jing-Ya , Wu Yan-Ling , Nan Ji-Xing , Lian Li-Hua
Published: November 2020

Taxifolin ameliorated steatohepatitis induced by long-term HFD feeding plus alcohol binge through modulation of SREBP1 and PPARγ, targeting pyroptotic inflammation related IL-1β release and Caspase-1 activation.
Continuous flow processing of bismuth-photocatalyzed atom transfer radical addition reactions using an oscillatory flow reactor
Authors: Bianchi Pauline , Williams Jason D. , Kappe C. Oliver
Published: November 2020

An oscillatory flow photoreactor facilitates the use of Bi2O3 as a green and recyclable photocatalyst for ATRA reactions.
Real-time isothermal DNA amplification monitoring in picoliter volumes using an optical fiber sensor
Authors: Janik Monika , Hamidi Seyed Vahid , Koba Marcin , Perreault Jonathan , Walsh Ryan , Bock Wojtek J. , Śmietana Mateusz
Published: November 2020

Rolling circle amplification (RCA) of DNA can be considered as a great alternative to the gold standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR), where rapid, sensitive, and reliable test results are required.
A “concentration-induced self-assembly” strategy for AgxH3−xPMo12O40 nanorods: synthesis, photoelectric properties and photocatalytic applications
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Song Yuting , Li Fengyan , Xu Wenjuan , Zheng Yue , Xu Lin
Published: November 2020

Pristine polyoxometalate AgHPMo12 nanorods have been successfully synthesized, and a nanorods/phthalocyanine photocatalyst was also prepared to show an efficient photocatalytic performance.
Soft skin layers for reconfigurable and programmable nanowrinkles
Authors: Rhee Dongjoon , Deng Shikai , Odom Teri W.
Published: November 2020

This Mini-review highlights reconfigurable nanowrinkles based on polymer skin layers and how they enable hierarchical structuring of thin functional materials.
Biocatalytic approaches for enantio and diastereoselective synthesis of chiral β-nitroalcohols
Authors: Rao D. H. Sreenivasa , Chatterjee Ayon , Padhi Santosh Kumar
Published: November 2020

Chiral β-nitroalcohols are versatile synthetic intermediates for several pharmaceuticals, and bioactive molecules. This review describes the importance and various biocatalytic approaches for their enantio and diastereoselective synthesis.
Synthetic enzyme-catalyzed multicomponent reaction for Isoxazol-5(4H)-one Syntheses, their properties and biological application; why should one study mechanisms?
Authors: Oliveira Gabriela H. C. , Ramos Luciana M. , de Paiva Raíssa K. C. , Passos Saulo T. A. , Simões Marina M. , Machado Fabricio , Correa José R. , Neto Brenno A. D.
Published: November 2020

An imidazolium-containing synthetic enzyme (synzyme) is applied as the catalyst to promote the multicomponent synthesis of (fluorescent) isoxazol-5(4H)-one derivatives in water. The reaction mechanism and selective early endosome staining are also disclosed.
Synthesis ofN-methylated unsymmetric porphyrinoids with restrictedN-centered chirality from chlorophyll-a
Authors: Kawamoto Yuki , Nagano Yasunobu , Kitagawa Yuichi , Tamiaki Hitoshi
Published: November 2020

N-Centered chiral stereoisomers of regioselectivelyN-methylated chlorophyll-aderivatives with a cationic distorted π-skeleton were successfully separated.
Reversible covalent locking of a supramolecular hydrogel via UV-controlled anthracene dimerization
Authors: Hou Zhanyao , Nau Werner M. , Hoogenboom Richard
Published: November 2020

The formation of supramolecular hydrogels is demonstrated based on ternary complexes between anthracene side-chain functionalized polymers and macrocyclic hosts. Photo-induced reversible dimerization enables switching between supramolecular and covalent hydrogels.
Systematically investigating the effect of the aggregation behaviors in solution on the charge transport properties of BDOPV-based polymers with conjugation-break spacers
Authors: Liu Yi , Wang Xin-Yi , Wang Zi-Yuan , Lu Yang , Cheng Xiu-Fen , Tang Bo , Wang Jie-Yu , Pei Jian
Published: November 2020

Conjugation-break spacers in conjugated polymers significantly affect the aggregation behavior in solution and in the solid state, which further influences the charge transport properties and doping efficiency.
Diverse prieurianin-type limonoids with oxygen-bridged caged skeletons from two Aphanamixis species: discovery and biomimetic conversion
Authors: Zhang Panpan , Xue Shang , Huang Wansha , Wang Chengcheng , Cui Zhirong , Luo Jun , Kong Lingyi
Published: November 2020

The formation of HO-1 based oxygen-bridges and new C–C bonds via a Dieckmann reaction provided diverse ring systems, aphanamolide-type skeletons, and a solution for the structural elucidation of prieurianin limonoids with missing NMR signals.
Orientation of the α-CD component of [2]rotaxanes affects their specific molecular recognition behaviour
Authors: Iwamoto Takuya , Miyagawa Shinobu , Naito Masaya , Tokunaga Yuji
Published: November 2020

An α-CD component enhanced the anion recognition ability of the urea moiety and the deprotonation of the phenol moiety in the axle component in orientationally isomeric [2]rotaxanes with the OH groups on the wide rim of the α-CD, respectively.
Improving the electrochemical performance of a natural molybdenite/N-doped graphene composite anode for lithium-ion batteries via short-time microwave irradiation
Authors: Wang Shuonan , Hai Yun , Zhou Bin , Liu Hao , Liao Libing
Published: November 2020

In this work, low-cost natural molybdenite was used to make a MoS2/N-doped graphene composite with the aid of (3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane and the electrochemical performance was greatly improved by solvent-free microwave irradiation.
Electronic structure and thermoelectric properties of Mo-based dichalcogenide monolayers locally and randomly modified by substitutional atoms
Authors: Vallinayagam M. , Posselt M. , Chandra S.
Published: November 2020

Controlling electronic and thermoelectric properties of MoS2 monolayers by changing concentration of Se and Te chalcogenide.
Synthesis of novel naphthalene-heterocycle hybrids with potent antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antituberculosis activities
Authors: Abozeid Mohamed Ahmed , El-Sawi Aya Atef , Abdelmoteleb Mohamed , Awad Hanem , Abdel-Aziz Marwa Mostafa , Hassan Abdel-Rahman Abdel-Rahman , Ibrahim El-Desoky El-Sayed
Published: November 2020

Novel naphthalene-heterocycle hybrids were synthesized via tandem reactions of 3-formylchromone with different nucleophilic reagents. Various hybrids revealed potent antitumor and anti-inflammatory as well as promising antituberculosis activities.
Atomically dispersed Cu and Fe on N-doped carbon materials for CO2electroreduction: insight into the curvature effect on activity and selectivity
Authors: Zhang Yue , Fang Lei , Cao Zexing
Published: November 2020

Atomically dispersed Cu/Fe catalysts have high selectivity toward CO2ER and the curvature of the catalyst support influences their activity.
Enhanced biomineralization and protein adsorption capacity of 3D chitosan/hydroxyapatite biomimetic scaffolds applied for bone-tissue engineering
Authors: Nga Nguyen Kim , Thanh Tam Lai Thi , Ha Nguyen Thu , Hung Viet Pham , Huy Tran Quang
Published: November 2020

This work presents the enhanced biomineralization and protein adsorption capacity of 3D chitosan/hydroxyapatite (CS/HAp) biomimetic scaffolds synthesized from natural sources applied for bone-tissue engineering (BTE).
Using fluorene to lock electronically active moieties in thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for high-performance non-doped organic light-emitting diodes with suppressed roll-off
Authors: Wu Lin , Wang Kai , Wang Cheng , Fan Xiao-Chun , Shi Yi-Zhong , Zhang Xiang , Zhang Shao-Li , Ye Jun , Zheng Cai-Jun , Li Yan-Qing , Yu Jia , Ou Xue-Mei , Zhang Xiao-Hong
Published: November 2020

Two TADF emitters were developed by modifying a reported less successful emitter BP-DPAC with fluorene to suppress concentration quenching. Their non-doped OLEDs displayed excellent EQEs of 22.8% and 21.3% with well-suppressed roll-off.
Stochastic resetting of active Brownian particles with Lorentz force
Authors: Abdoli Iman , Sharma Abhinav
Published: November 2020

Stochastic resetting of active Brownian particles to the line x = 0 subjected to a magnetic field (left figure) can direct transport by spatially controlling Lorentz force with no need for structured geometries (right figure).
Chains of cubic colloids at fluid–fluid interfaces
Authors: Anzivino Carmine , Soligno Giuseppe , van Roij René , Dijkstra Marjolein
Published: November 2020

Inspired by recent experimental observations of spontaneous chain formation of cubic particles adsorbed at a fluid–fluid interface, we theoretically investigate whether capillary interactions can be responsible for this self-assembly process.