bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the technology of chemical dewatering of thickened excess activated sludge using experimental-statistical models
Authors: Кичигин В.И. , Юдин А.А.
Published: September 2024

Исследована технология реагентного обезвоживания уплотненного избыточного активного ила за счет обработки осадка сточных вод шестью видами коагулянта и полиакриламидом дозами от 0 до 300 мг/дм3. Установлена степень влияния каждого реагента на степень обезвоживания ила. Получены математические модели зависимости изменения удельного сопротивления осадка от количества вводимых в осадок коагулянта и флокулянта. Математические модели представлены как в неявном, так и в явном виде (изолиниями). Доказано, что процесс максимального снижения удельного сопротивления уплотненного избыточного активного ила целесообразнее вести коагулянтами «Аква-Аурат™-30», полиоксисульфатом алюминия или «ГранПАКС™» дозой до 25 мг/дм3 и флокулянтом ПАА дозой 175–200 мг/дм3.

The technology of chemical dewatering of thickened excess activated sludge by processing wastewater sludge with six types of coagulant and polyacrylamide in doses from 0 to 300 mg/dm3 was studied. The the effect of each chemical on the degree of sludge dewatering was determined. Mathematical models of the sludge specific resistance changing dependence on the amount of coagulant and flocculant added into the sludge were obtained. The mathematical models are presented both in implicit and explicit (isolines) form. It was proven that the process of maximum reduction of the specific resistance of thickened excess activated sludge is more efficient with coagulants: «Aqua-Aurat™-30», aluminum polyoxysulfate or «GranPAKS™» in doses up to 25 mg/dm3 and flocculant PAA in doses of 175–200 mg/dm3.
Classification of Lung Disease in X-Ray Images Using Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix Method and Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Nurcahyati Ica , Saragih Triando Hamonangan , Farmadi Andi , Kartini Dwi , Muliadi Muliadi
Published: September 2024

The lungs are a very important part of the human body, as they serve as a place for oxygen exchange. They have a very complex task and are susceptible to damage from the polluted air we breathe every day, which can lead to various diseases. Lung disease is a very common health problem that can be found in everyone, but there are still many people who do not pay attention to their lung health, making them vulnerable to lung disease. One of the methods used to detect lung disorders is by examining images obtained from X-rays. Image processing is one of the techniques that can also be used for lung disease identification and is most commonly used in medical images. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to implement image processing to determine the accuracy of lung disease identification using deep learning algorithms and the application of feature extraction. In this research, there are two experiments conducted consisting of the application of the classification method, namely Convolutional Neural Network and Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix feature extraction with CNN. The results show that the CNN model gets a precision of 0.92, recall of 0.92, f1-score of 0.92, and average accuracy of 0.92. The combination of the GLCM method with CNN produces a precision of 0.87, recall of 0.87, f1-score of 0.87, and average accuracy of 0.87. The results of this study indicate that the use of CNN in the lung disease classification model based on X-ray images is superior to the GLCM-CNN method.
Interactions between bois noir and the esca disease complex in a Chardonnay vineyard in Italy
Authors: PAVAN Francesco , CARGNUS Elena , FRIZZERA Davide , MARTINI Marta , ERMACORA Paolo
Published: September 2024

Grapevine yellows bois noir (BN) and the grapevine trunk disease esca complex (EC) cause serious yield losses in European vineyards and are often widespread in the same vineyard. In a Chardonnay vineyard in north-eastern Italy, evolution of the two diseases from 2007 to 2020 was compared and their possible interaction was investigated. Evolution of symptomatic grapevines over the 16 years was very different between the two diseases, with a substantial linear increase for BN and an exponential increase for EC. The BN increase from one year to another was associated with the abundance of Hyalesthes obsoletus, the BN-phytoplasma vector, whereas the exponential increase in EC was likely due to the amount of inoculum and the increased size of pruning cuts over time. The courses of the two diseases were also very different, with a much greater occurrence of dead grapevines from EC than from BN. Some grapevines showed symptoms of both diseases, but the probability was less that a grapevine symptomatic for BN or EC showed symptoms of the other disease. Examinations of the spatial distribution of the two diseases showed dissociation between them. Data indicated that mechanisms of induced defense were involved in the lower probability that a grapevine affected by one showed symptoms of the other.
Characterization and genetic diversity of grapevine Pinot gris virus in Serbian vineyards
Authors: ŽIVKOVIĆ Sanja , VASILIJEVIĆ Bojana , VASIĆ Tanja , MITRA Debasis , JEVREMOVIĆ Darko
Published: September 2024

Sixty-five samples of grapevine from commercial vineyards in the Rasina district of Serbia were tested for the presence of grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV), using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Fourteen samples of the grapevine varieties ‘Red Globe’, ‘Victoria’ and ‘Preobraženje’ were infected with GPGV. All the infected plants showed symptoms of leaf chlorotic mottling, puckering, and deformation, stunting, and reduced yields. The coding regions of the movement and coat protein (MP/CP) and a region of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) domains of eight virus isolates were sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses of these genomic regions showed high nucleotide similarity among the Serbian GPGV isolates. This study is the first to describe genetic diversity of GPGV isolates in Serbia.
Sosialisasi Pencegahan Kebakaran di Selili Kelurahan Manggar RT 42 Kecamatan Balikpapan Timur
Authors: Moorcy Nadi Hernadi , Liman Lim Felix Kitto , Iswandi Iswandi , Rahayu Dinda Dita , Aulia Latifatul , Annisa Annisa , Nisa Nabillah Choirun , Budiman Farhan , Aditya W. Chandra , Anggara Alfian Ersar , Orlando Arsenius Darmawan
Published: September 2024

Bencana kebakaran merupakan salah satu bencana yang sering terjadi di lingkungan masyarakat luas, baik itu lingkungan perkantoran, tempat tinggal, maupun tempat aktivitas lainnya. Salah satunya di lingkungan yang padat penduduk, terjadinya bencana kebakaran sendiri memiliki banyak faktor, namun pada umumnya bencana kebakaran ini disebabkan oleh faktor manusia, yang tidak lain adalah faktor kelalaian, seperti menggunakan beban listrik yang melewati kapasitas daya dan lupa mematikan alat yang merupakan sumber panas, seperti kompor dan setrika. Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi terjadinya bencana kebakaran ini adalah dengan memberikan Sosialisasi Pencegahan Kebakaran ke masyarakat sekitar. Tujuan pengabdian ini sendiri adalah memberikan wawasan tentang cara pencegahan dan penanggulangan bencana kebakaran yang dilakukan dengan metode ceramah dan metode simulasi langsung oleh pemberi materi, dimana dengan terlaksananya sosialisai ini, diharapakan masyarakat sekitar mampu menerapkan metode yang diajarkan selama simulasi jika terjadinya bencana kebakaran di lingkungan sekitar.
Sosialisasi Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Pancasila di SD Negeri 004 Babulu
Authors: Arrywibowo Imam , Saputra Muhammad Dede Lajuardi , Satria W. Raihan , Afianti Nita , Ramadhani Windy Eka , William H. Muhammad , Manda A. Tiara , Julita Nita , Siregar Roslin , Chandrakusuma Yayang , Seli Seli
Published: September 2024

Pancasila is the philosophy of the Indonesian nation which is a guideline for behavior designed in accordance with the culture of the Indonesian nation which has eastern customs. So it is important for Indonesian people to practice the values of Pancasila. Elementary school students' lack of knowledge about Pancasila and students' low awareness of implementing Pancasila values is the urgency of Pancasila as a state ideology. For this reason, the service team carries out socialization of Pancasila-based character education to elementary school students. The service method used is field observation and studying phenomena directly. This socialization is intended for students at SD Negeri 004 Babulu. In this activity the methods used are presentation of material, short discussion and documentation. This Pancasila-based character education socialization activity aims to develop students who have noble character, character and integrity in accordance with the values contained in Pancasila. The results obtained from this service are increasing students' knowledge about Pancasila, forming students' character based on Pancasila, instilling Pancasila values and making students aware of how to apply Pancasila in everyday life.
Gerakan Aksi Nyata Program “Ayo, Tanam Seledri Sebagai Bentuk Pencegahan Hipertensi!” di Desa Kluncing, Licin, Banyuwangi
Authors: Nabila Nafkha Nisa , Puspikawati Septa Indra , Prayoga Diansanto , Abilia Avila , Eksa Firrial , Damayanti Imelda , Margareta Anggi , Nur Putri , Loveni Uyun , Octavia Melati , Rohmah Lailatu , Dinansa Oktario , Isa Muhamad , Nanda Fertika
Published: September 2024

Hipertensi adalah permasalahan kesehatan yang serius di Indonesia, dengan prevalensi yang semakin meningkat. Masih terdapat masyarakat yang kurang perhatian dan dukungan untuk pencegahan penyakit hipertensi. Gerakan aksi “Ayo Tanam Seledri untuk Pencegahan Hipertensi” di Desa Kluncing diinisiasi untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Tujuan program ini yaitu pemberdayaan masyarakat untuk menanam seledri sebagai salah satu tanaman yang dapat mencegah hipertensi. Metode pengabdian masyarakat digunakan, dimulai dari identifikasi masalah, penentuan prioritas, hingga implementasi program. Sosialisasi dilakukan untuk memberikan pengetahuan mengenai manfaat seledri dan praktik menanamnya. Lebih dari 100 bibit seledri dibagikan kepada masyarakat, dengan monitoring yang dilakukan secara rutin. Hasil observasi pertumbuhan seledri mencapai puncak pada minggu kelima dengan tinggi rata-rata 4,39cm. Pada minggu keenam dan ketujuh, pertumbuhan tetap baik dengan tinggi rata-rata 3,56cm dan 3,39cm. Pada minggu ketujuh, seledri mencapai kedewasaan dengan tinggi rata-rata 27,20cm, menunjukkan kematangan tanaman. Dengan kesadaran dan partisipasi aktif masyarakat, program ini menjadi langkah konkret dalam pencegahan hipertensi dan meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat. Diharapkan praktik berkelanjutan dalam penanaman dan konsumsi seledri akan terus dilakukan untuk memperoleh manfaat kesehatan yang optimal dalam pencegahan hipertensi di Desa Kluncing.
Sosialisasi dan Kegiatan Penerapan Sikap Kerja 5S di Kantor Kelurahan Waru
Authors: Matyani Matyani , Setia Budi Muhamad Naufal , Tombokan Efranly Hosea , Devi Anjeli Seri , Erni Dias Nursita , Victorya Gloria , Sukoco Evrilliena Ratnawati , AD-MA Elviana , Fauzan Afif Nur , Romadhon Irham , Saputra Nando
Published: September 2024

Studi ini mengevaluasi kondisi lingkungan kerja di Kantor Kelurahan Waru dengan fokus pada implementasi konsep 5S: Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, dan Shitsuke. Melalui observasi langsung oleh mahasiswa Kuliah Kerja Nyata, ditemukan bahwa kantor tersebut menghadapi tantangan signifikan terkait keteraturan, kebersihan, dan keselamatan. Hasil observasi mengungkapkan kurangnya kesadaran kolektif akan pentingnya 5S, yang mengakibatkan risiko kecelakaan dan menurunkan produktivitas. Berdasarkan temuan ini, rekomendasi diberikan untuk mengimplementasikan program 5S secara menyeluruh, menyediakan pelatihan dan kesadaran karyawan, memastikan penyediaan sumber daya yang memadai, serta melakukan pemantauan dan evaluasi berkala. Diharapkan implementasi rekomendasi ini akan membantu meningkatkan kondisi lingkungan kerja di Kantor Kelurahan Waru, dengan dampak positif pada produktivitas dan keselamatan karyawan.
Peningkatan Kompetensi dan Pembuatan Teknologi Terbaru Beton Porous di Jurusan Teknik Konstruksi dan Perumahan SMKN 1 Balikpapan
Authors: Achmad Karmila , Sulistyo Totok , Sunarno Sunarno , Kiptiah Mariatul , M. Ain Mohammad Isram
Published: September 2024

The city of Balikpapan has many flood points every year,.Flood events are a priority issue for the Balikpapan City Government, in 2017 there was an increase in flood events by 89 incidents. To solve this problem is to apply the construction with the latest environmentally friendly technology, namely porous concrete so that surface water can seep into the ground and can become a groundwater reserve. Porous concrete is the latest type of concrete technology with high porosity which is applied as a concrete plate which allows rainwater and water from other sources to pass through. Limited facilities and infrastructure, lack of teaching staff relevant to the Construction and Housing Study Program at SMKN 1 Balikpapan School so that they cannot carry out concrete manufacturing and testing because this is a basic competency that every student must have. The activity began by formulating a program that was relevant to the knowledge and research of the PkM team of the Civil Engineering Department of the Balikpapan State Polytechnic and the problems that exist around Balikpanan City. SMKN 1 Balikpapan to carry out follow-up activities or programs to be implemented, activity planning, activity schedules and activity output. The activities were carried out for 2 days which included socialization and practice of making porous concret.
PKM Penyuluhan Kekerasan Seksual kepada Mahasiswa Program Studi Sosiologi Universitas Nusa Cendana
Authors: Pellu Susana C. L. , Manoe Lenny S. Bire , Ndandara Aelsthri
Published: September 2024

Kekerasan seksual merupakan sebuah tindakan yang merenggut human security manusia, dengan mengambil rasa aman dari seseorang. Relasi kekuasaan yang timpang antara dosen dan mahasiswa/i menjadi penyebab terjadinya kekerasan seksual di lingkungan universitas. Mahasiswa/i sebagai korban kekerasan seksual enggan untuk melaporkan kejadian kekerasan kepada pihak kampus karena takut, malu, ataupun tidak tahu alur untuk melapor kekerasan yang dialami. Permasalahan yang ditemukan melalui pengamatan tim adalah mahasiswa belum memahami konsep dan bentuk-bentuk kekerasan seksual, belum mengetahui alur pelaporan jika terjadi kekerasan maupun pelecehan seksual, serta belum mengetahui telah dibentuknya Satgas Pencegahan Penanganan Kekerasan Seksual (PPKS) yang berada di lingkungan Universitas Nusa Cendana. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah mahasiswa mampu memahami bentuk-bentuk kekerasan seksual dan mengetahui alur pelaporan jika terjadi kekerasan seksual di kampus. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah metode partisipatif. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah terpilihnya Duta Anti Kekerasan Seksual yang berperan sebagai advokat atau juru bicara dalam upaya mencegah dan mengatasi kekerasan seksual dalam mahasiswa, serta adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dari mahasiswa terkait kekerasan seksual di kampus dan menjadi lebih waspada terhadap segala bentuk kekerasan seksual di kampus.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Keselamatan dan Keamanan Konstruksi Rumah Tinggal di Kelurahan Karang Joang, Kota Balikpapan
Authors: Anggriani Indira , Sukmara Riyan Benny , Ariyaningsih Ariyaningsih
Published: September 2024

Keselamatan dan keamanan dalam konstruksi merupakan aspek vital dalam kehidupan masyarakat, terutama dalam konteks pembangunan tempat tinggal. Ditambah lagi dengan kondisi geografis Balikpapan yang rentan terhadap bencana alam seperti tanah longsor, banjir, dan kebakaran menimbulkan tantangan tambahan dalam memastikan keamanan dan keselamatan infrastruktur perumahan. Sebagai contohnya adalah bencana longsor yang terjadi di Kelurahan Karang Joang pada tahun 2021 serta minimnya pengetahuan tentang keselamatan dan keamanan kontruksi rumah tinggal, mengakibatkan kerusakan pada puluhan rumah penduduk di kelurahan tersebut. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan adalah metode waterfall dengan prinsip-prinsip user-centered design. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk membahas kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat tentang pemahaman praktis penerapan standar keamanan konstruksi pada rumah tinggal, termasuk penggunaan material yang tepat dan teknik bangunan yang aman. Melalui program ini, masyarakat mendapatkan pengetahuan yang lebih baik tentang bagaimana menghadapi risiko bencana, serta menjadi lebih mampu mengambil tindakan preventif dan responsif saat terjadi keadaan darurat. Hasil dari persebaran kuesioner didapatkan bahwa terjadi perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap level pengetahuan masyarakat. Dalam hal pengetahuan desain konstruksi, lebih dari 50% (dari 3 orang menjadi 13 orang) warga menjawab bahwa mereka telah mengetahui desain konstruksi yang aman setelah mendengarkan materi pengabdian masyarakat. Hasil yang sama juga terjadi pada pengetahuan metode, lebih dari 50% (dari 3 orang menjadi 11 orang) responden telah mengetahui metode konstruksi yang tepat untuk wilayahnya setelah mengikuti pemaparan pengabdian masyarakat ini.
Pemetaan Kebersihan dan Perilaku Aman Pangan (PEKA-PANGAN) Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Derajat Kesehatan Masyarakat Tanjung Beringin
Authors: Amelia Sri , Lubis Nenni Dwi Aprianti , Lubis Fahrurrozi , Delyuzar Delyuzar
Published: September 2024

Keamanan pangan merupakan isu permasalahan global yang secara langsung memengaruhi kesehatan seseorang. Makanan yang tidak aman dikonsumsi, akan menyebabkan berbagai macam penyakit mulai dari diare hingga kanker. Sekitar 420.000 orang meninggal dunia setiap tahunnya akibat keracunan makanan. Berbagai tindakan pencegahan keracunan makanan harus dilakukan sejak dini, antara lain mencuci tangan sebelum dan selama pengolahan makanan, pencegahan kontaminasi silang, memasak makanan hingga matang, dan lain sebagainya. Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di Desa Pekan Tanjung Beringin dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui keamanan pangan di wilayah tersebut. Kegiatan pengabdian terdiri dari lima tahapan yaitu sosialisasi, pengumpulan data, analisis data dan pemetaan, penyuluhan dan focus group discussion, serta sosialisasi lintas-sektoral. Dari hasil pengumpulan dan analisa data dibuat kebijakan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat terutama dalam hal keamanan pangan. Sebanyak 15 dusun dengan 398 partisipan diikutsertakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini. Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa masyarakat pada 15 dusun tersebut sudah tergolong baik dalam hal pengolahan makanan. Ada beberapa poin tertentu yang harus diperbaiki bersama baik oleh masyarakat, pihak puskesmas, dan pemerintah setempat dalam membantu pengolahan pangan yang tepat dan aman di wilayah Tanjung Beringin.
Aktif dan Higienis: Program Pengabdian Masyarakat dalam Mendorong Perilaku Sehat di Desa Ramea Kabupaten Pandeglang
Authors: Febsi Yania , Hasby Rizal Maulana , Fajar Fajar , Novianti Annisa , Shihab Gilang Syahdu , Fitriani Ratna Rizky , Oktaviana Tri Lulu , Rizqia Namira Rahmi , Fitra Fitra , Oktaviana Rio Ahmad , Sofiani Fini
Published: September 2024

Healthy and hygienic behaviors are crucial for improving public health, particularly in rural areas. This community service program aims to promote healthy behaviors in Ramea Village, Pandeglang Regency, through regular exercise and handwashing activities. Exercise sessions are held at the Ramea Village field near the student post, involving community members of all ages, both young and old. Meanwhile, handwashing activities are conducted at MI Darul Huda Elementary School. The method involves direct socialization with the community and school children, facilitated by KKM students. The results of this program indicate that the Ramea Village community responded positively and enthusiastically participated in the exercise sessions held every Sunday and the handwashing practices among elementary school children, leading to an increased awareness and adoption of healthy living behaviors within the community.
Multiple Hydatid Cyst Localisations in a Immunocompetent Child (Cerebral, Pulmonary and Hepatic): A Case Report
Authors: S Amrani , Abdessadeq J. Ait Si , Ahmanna H-C , Zouita I. , Basraoui D. , Jalal H.
Published: September 2024

Hydatid disease is a parasitosis, caused by Echinococcus Granulosis, which is very common in Morocco [2], mainly in children. Humans are affected accidentally by direct contact with dogs, or by contamination of plants or water [1]. The lung is the organ most affected by the disease. Cerebral localization is rare, representing only 1 to 3% of cases [1]. Symptomatology is dominated by an intracranial hypertension symptomatology, diffuse headaches associated with various neurological signs related to the location of the tumor [3]. Objectives: to illustrate the interest of CT in the positive diagnosis and the follow up of cerebral hydatid cyst in children. We report the case of a 7-year-old boy, treated initially for cerebral hydatid cyst, and diagnosed afterwards with pulmonary and hepatic hydatid cysts.
Carcinosarcoma of the Larynx: A Reported Case
Authors: Kassar H. , Marzouq, S. E. , Berkich S. , Oumghar N. , Darfaoui M. , Omrani A. El , Khouchani M.
Published: September 2024

Spindle cell carcinoma (SCC), also referred to as sarcomatoid carcinoma or carcinosarcoma, is a rare and aggressive form of squamous cell carcinoma featuring both malignant epithelial and mesenchymal elements. This report details a case of laryngeal spindle cell carcinoma and includes a review of relevant literature on this uncommon tumor type.
SISTEMATIZAÇÃO COLETIVA DO CONHECIMENTO (SCC): POSSIBILIDADES DE DESIGN DE PESQUISA QUALITATIVA EM EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: França Costa Mireile Pacheco , Martins Pura Lucia Oliver
Published: September 2024

É importante considerar a necessidade de procedimentos investigativos viáveis e adequados para a produção de conhecimento, bem como atentar-se à ética na pesquisa e ao contexto da investigação explorado pelo pesquisador. Desse modo, este artigo aborda a pesquisa qualitativa pelo eixo epistemológico “teoria como expressão da prática”, com enfoque na abordagem teórico-metodolo?gica da Sistematização Coletiva do Conhecimento (SCC). Compreendemos por esse eixo epistemológico, a vivência e a ana?lise crítica de um processo metodológico que busca alterar as relações sociais estabelecidas no ambiente educacional. Assim, nosso objetivo de pesquisa é identificar quais as possibilidades de uso da SCC na constituição de design de pesquisas qualitativas. Para isso, utilizamos como método a revisão narrativa, pesquisa do tipo estado da arte, contemplando as seguintes etapas: definição do objeto de pesquisa, problema de pesquisa, critérios de exclusão e inclusão, itens da análise de dados, categorias de análise, organização dos dados, interpretação dos resultados e recomendações finais. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de plataformas digitais de busca como a BDTD, e biblioteca digital da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, com foco em dissertações e teses que abordassem “teoria como expressão da prática” e “sistematização coletiva do conhecimento” como método investigativo de pesquisa qualitativa em seus trabalhos. Os dados foram organizados em quadros comparativos, com destaque para o aspecto metodológico, por meio das seguintes categorias de análise: temática, método, procedimento de coleta de dados e técnica de análise de dados; no intuito de verificar a forma como a SCC é utilizada: formação continuada e/ou método de pesquisa qualitativa. Depois dessa análise e da interpretação dos dados, concluímos que a SCC é uma alternativa viável para pesquisas das diversas áreas do conhecimento que abordam o processo de ensino-aprendizagem entre pares; sendo possível sua utilização tanto como formação continuada quanto como método de pesquisa qualitativa.
Inovações no Tratamento da Esclerose Múltipla: Uma Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Paes da Silva Tadeu , Ferreira da Silva Ribeiro Victoria Regia , Alves de Oliveira Manuella , Parreira Milazzo Eduarda , Fernandes Panta Naelson , Jordão Lopes Sarah , Costa Fenelon Felipe Junio , Gheller Mariana , Sabaini Marchiori Eduarda , Sousa Rios Isis Flora , Oliveira de Almeida Rhaurd Cristhian , Silvestre Coelho de Oliveira Nicoly
Published: September 2024

Este artigo visa realizar uma revisão integrativa das inovações no tratamento da esclerose múltipla, utilizando a base de dados PubMed com os termos "Esclerose Múltipla”, “Tratamento”, “Imunomoduladores". Em síntese, as inovações no tratamento da esclerose múltipla têm trazido avanços significativos na gestão da doença, refletindo-se em uma melhor eficácia terapêutica e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. As novas terapias farmacológicas, incluindo os medicamentos modificadores da doença e os anticorpos monoclonais, têm mostrado resultados promissores em reduzir a frequência dos surtos e retardar a progressão da incapacidade. Além disso, os avanços no diagnóstico, como a ressonância magnética de alta resolução e a análise de biomarcadores, têm possibilitado um diagnóstico mais preciso e um tratamento mais direcionado. Essas inovações têm contribuído para uma abordagem mais personalizada e eficaz no manejo da esclerose múltipla. No entanto, a implementação bem-sucedida dessas novas estratégias exige um contínuo aprimoramento das práticas clínicas e um acompanhamento detalhado dos pacientes. A integração de abordagens farmacológicas avançadas, juntamente com terapias não farmacológicas e suporte psicossocial, é crucial para otimizar os resultados do tratamento. À medida que novas tecnologias e tratamentos emergem, é essencial que a comunidade médica e os pesquisadores continuem a avaliar e ajustar as estratégias de manejo para atender às necessidades individuais dos pacientes e melhorar continuamente a eficácia do tratamento da esclerose múltipla.
Relação entre Bruxismo e Ansiedade
Authors: Freitas Larissa Costa , Leite Fabíola Pessôa Pereira , Costa Tony Eduardo , De Carvalho Ronaldo Luís Almeida
Published: September 2024

O bruxismo é uma parafunção que acomete um grande número de pessoas, possui uma etiologia multifatorial, englobando fatores locais, sistêmicos e psicológicos, dentre os aspectos psicológicos a ansiedade foi um dos fatores que teve grande participação. Condição esta, que pode desencadear diferentes consequências na cavidade oral, seja a curto ou longo prazo, causando desgastes dentários, dores orofaciais, disfunção da articulação temporomandibular (DTM), sensibilidades nos dentes. Através de uma revisão de literatura, o objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar e discutir sobre a etiologia do bruxismo, suas implicações na cavidade oral, discorrer sobre a ansiedade como fator etiológico do bruxismo, entender e relacionar a parafunção como uma consequência de episódios de ansiedade e discorrer sobre a importância de uma equipe multidisciplinar no acompanhamento do paciente bruxômano. Conclui-se neste trabalho que a ansiedade de fato é um dos fatores etiológicos do bruxismo e que o paciente portador da parafunção deve ser acompanhado por um cirurgião-dentista e também por uma equipe multidisciplinar para que, com diferentes terapias, o paciente possa ter o bem-estar e qualidade de vida restaurados.
Tumor embrionario de rosetas multicapa en región selar y supraselar en paciente pediátrico. Reporte de caso en UMAE 25 y revisión de bibliografía.
Authors: Mulero Navarrete Fani Rut Miuler , Hernández Velázquez Héctor Osvaldo , Cortes Cárdenas José Remedios , Hernández Silvia Judith
Published: September 2024

Los ETMR del SNC se reportan como grado IV de la OMS. Con presencia del 95% de mutación a nivel del cromosoma 19q13.42 de manera local. Generalmente, se presenta en la infancia, localizados supratentorial en lóbulo frontal, dando manifestaciones clínicas diversas dependiendo el sitio de localización, sin embargo, hasta el 85% se presenta como hipertensión intracraneal. Debido a su naturaleza maligna y a pesar de su resección macroscópica total aunado a tratamiento adyuvante, presentan un pronóstico de sobrevida general de 30% a 5 años. En el caso presentado se evidencia lesión tumoral supratentorial a nivel selar y supraselar, con presentación clínica presentando alteraciones hormonales de hipotiroidismo e hipocortisolismo, así como hemianopsia bitemporal, se presentó en la segunda década de la vida en un masculino, presentando una recidiva posterior a la resección total, aun con tratamiento adyuvante. En la literatura, se identifica patología en la infancia con rango de 0,5 a 6 años de edad, con una media de (3 años), con topografía de presentación nivel supratentorial, con más del 50% presente en lóbulo frontal y posterior mente frontoparietal, presentándose infratentorial el 30% con presentación a nivel cerebeloso. Se reporta caso de paciente masculino de 14 años de edad, obtenido de base de datos de UMAE 25 , por el servicio de neurocirugía, en la cual se evidencia patologia tumoral supra selar, con presencia de recidiva.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Liquid and Gas Flow Pressure Drop through Different Sections of A Partially Closed Piping system
Authors: Elsharafi Mahmoud , Alexis Christopher , Antoine Trevon , Ahmed Mohamed , Susi Abdunaser
Published: September 2024

Multiphase flow is found in various places in nature and practice. However, multiphase flow is prevalent in the petroleum production industry. This phenomenon gives rise to a significant issue of pressure loss within piping systems, resulting in a loss in production. Multiphase flow has been studied for decades; however, with the increase in unconventional engineering methods, there is now a greater need for its study. This study investigates phenomena related to multiphase flow, such as flow regimes and pressure loss produced by friction, pipe orientation, and various fluid phase properties. An experimental system was designed, and different fluid phases were used to represent varying situations in piping systems. The system included sections of horizontal, inclined, and vertical pipe orientations experienced during hydrocarbon migration from the reservoir to the surface. To replicate industry multiphase flow in the experimental system, we used water to represent the oil and compressed air to represent gas. The pressure differences throughout the system were calculated using the Beggs and Brill Correlation, the Lockhart-Martinelli Parameter, and the Chisholm Equation. Experimental pressure differences and the effect of the choke valve positions were also recorded for the different sections of the system while observing the flow regimes produced by multiphase fluid interaction. Through the research methods, we found that most pressure losses occurred in the elbows, and most frictional pressure loss occurred in the vertical 3ft pipe, while the 45° and 90° downhill pipes experienced increased pressure.
A Study of the Relationship between Work Accidents and Production Rates in Libyan Steel Industry
Authors: Elamin Fathi , Abugeddida Ramadan
Published: September 2024

Steel industry is characterized as one of the dangerous industries due to the nature of its operations. Most of thoese operations are done at high temperatures, such as Electric Arc Furnaces (EAF) and reheating furnaces. in addition to high temperatures, there are high speeds of pulleys and movement of conveyor belts that lead to injuries and damages for equipment and facilities.This study aims to identify the relationship between work accidents and production rates on the one hand, and the relationship between work accidents and worker injures on the other in Libyan Iron and Steel Company (LISCO). as well as figure out the reasons that lead to the differences in the results of the relationships compared to the research hypotheses were identified.The research hypotheses were proved, except for the hypothesis of traffic accidents, which indicates that there is a problem related to changing the company's policy by allowing the entry of workers with their own vehicles to the walls of the complex. This change made it difficult to control the number of traffic accidents. Also, the number of fires was not clearly correlated with the change in production rates during the study period.
Effect of Locally Manufactured Mosaico Tiles Waste on Concrete Strength
Authors: Bin Zayd Abdulrahman
Published: September 2024

this study investigates the strength of concrete production from the waste of local mosico tiles, where included the use of two types of coarse aggregate, the first one was natural aggregate used for the reference concrete mix, and the other was imported from local tile factory in Zliten. The tile waste was crushed by manual means. The natural aggregate in concrete mix was replaced by the mosico tiles waste with percentages 0%, 50% and 100%. Several laboratory tests were carried out on coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and tile waste such as sieve analysis test, water absorption test, and conducting tests on fresh concrete represented by operational testing, as well as hardened concrete to know its resistance. The results showed that the higher the percentage of adding residues, the higher the operational degree, and the decrease in concrete was recorded 9, 10.5 and 11 cm according to replacement ratios, respectively. While the results of concrete resistance showed that the decrease in pressure resistance the higher the percentage of adding residues at the time of 7 days, and recorded 28, 16.77 and 14.84 Mpa, in the above mentioned ratios, respectively. From a period of 7 to 28 days the concrete resistance increased with an increase in the percentage of adding residues. It was recorded as 32.63, 21.01 and 18.26 Mpa, where the strength of the concrete with adding of mosico tile residues is poor compared the reference sample.
Optimal Control Synthesis of Epidemic Model
Authors: Abougarair Ahmed
Published: September 2024

The spread of a virus or the outbreak of an epidemic are natural examples of stochastic processes. Understanding the epidemic dynamics, and finding out efficient techniques to control it, is a challenging issue. This paper investigates the optimal use of intervention strategies to mitigate the spread of infectious diseases. Classical mathematical descriptions of such phenomenon include various branching processes such as the SIR (Susceptible-Infected-Recovered). One reason for mathematical modelling is to analyze and predict the extent of emerging diseases and develop proposed control measures. The quadratic regulator format was used to formulate the optimal control problem, and two different optimal control techniques were investigated: Single Network Adaptive Critic (SNAC), which is a direct application of reinforcement learning theory to the optimality necessary conditions, and Approximate Sequence Riccati Equation (ASRE), which is a global optimal feedback control technique for general nonlinear systems with nonquadratic performance criteria. According to the results obtained during simulations, we claim that the proposed model and control strategy can be considered a good candidate to study viral spreading in the world. Also, the result shows that the Single Network Adaptive Critic is more accurate than the Approximate Sequence Riccati Equation.
تحسين الإنتاجية من خلال إدارة عمليات الصيانة "دراسة تطبيقية على مصنع لبدة للإسمنت"
Authors: زغينين منصور , بن طاهر الهاشمي , الصغير لقنيدي , الجعراني محمود
Published: September 2024

تعد الصيانة نشاطاً حيوياً يضمن سير العملية الإنتاجية من خلال المحافظة على المعدات والحد من التوقفات وتقليل الأعطال إلى أدنى حد ممكن في مختلف الشركات الصناعية، مما تلزمها بضرورة تطبيق أسس عملية لقياس جودة أداء عمليات الصيانة. كما أن الدور الفاعل لإدارة عمليات الصيانة في ترشيد استغلال واستخدام الطاقات الإنتاجية المتاحة يتطلب اتباع أساليب علمية لتنفيذها بجودة عالية وتكلفة أقل.
تهدف الورقة إلى دراسة مؤشرات تقييم أداء عمليات الصيانة بمصنع لبدة للإسمنت باستخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي بما يزيد من الخصائص التشغيلية للمكائن والمعدات الإنتاجية فيها.
توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها: محدودية الأساليب العلمية في تخطيط وبرمجة أعمال الصيانة بالمصنع، محدودية الاستفادة من التقنية وبرامج الحاسب الآلي في أعمال الصيانة والإصلاح، وغياب الرقابة على عمليات الصيانة، وعدم الاهتمام ببطاقة معلومات المعدة رغم وجودها ضمن وثائق متطلبات الجودة للمصنع.
سعة 7 لترات من خلال نمذجة العناصر المحدودة (PET)تقييم عبوة بلاستيك
Authors: الغويل علي
Published: September 2024

في السنوات الأخيرة، أصبحت المياه المعبأة مصدرا رئيسيا ولايمكن
الإستغناء عليه لمياه الشرب وخاصة في المدن، حيث تعبأ المياه بعد تنقيتها
ومعالجتها في قنينات بلاستيكية مختلفة الأحجام والمصنعة من مادةالبولي
إثيلين تريفيتلات ((polyethylene terephthalate PET بسبب صلابته
وشفافيته وخصائصه الكيميائية. حيث تعرض القنينات لظروف الضغط أثناء
نقلها وتخزينها شائع جدا ويمكن أن يكون مصاحب بتشوهات تضر بشكل القنينة
ومحتواها. ولإختيار وزن القنينة المناسب والإقتصادي (وزن المصبع)، تم في هذا
 البحث دراسة مقاومة الإنبعاج(Buckling)  تحت تأثير حمل عمودي باستخدام
طريقة العناصر المحدودة  (FEM)لقنية ذات شكل دائري بالأوزان التالية 70،75،
83 جرام. وفقًا للنتائج التي تم الحصول عليها بإستخدام برنامج Abaqus ،
 يمكننا إختيار وزن المصبع (Preform) المناسب للقنينة من أجل زيادة مقاومة
حمل لإنبعاج بأقل وزن ممكن للإستفادة من الناحية المادية وأقل ضررا على البيئة.
 حيث أظهرت النتائج المتحصل عليها بأن القنية دائرية الشكل بوزن 70 جرام
مقاومةللأحمال العمودية بدرجة كافية وأقل تلوث للبيئة مقارنة بالأوزان الأخرى.
تحليل لانتقال الحرارة للزعانف الأسطوانية والمستطيلة معمليا وباستخدام المحاكاة
Authors: المطردي علي , محجوب مصطفي , الأميلس أبوبكر , النجار عمر , اقريصة محسن , الحار عبد المنعم
Published: September 2024

الملخص
تأثيرات معلمات عملية القطع بالبلازما على جودة منتجاتها
Authors: باله عبد العظيم
Published: September 2024

تعتبر تقنية القطع بالبلازما المُسيرة حاسوبياً من أهم التقنيات الحديثة التي تُلبي تنامي احتياجات السوق الصناعي من المنتجات المسطحة ذات التصاميم المعقدة وفي أوقات تشغيل قياسية. تعتمد هذه التقنية على استغلال الكم الهائل من الحرارة المنبعثة من التفريغ الكهربائي عبر الغازات المتأينة لقطع أقسى المعادن ولسمكات كبيرة جداً. لكي تحقق هذه التقنية الكفاءة المُثلى وللحد من ظهور المنتجات المعيبة، يتطلب الأمر المحافظة على جودة العملية. تُقيم جودة عملية القطع بهذه التقنية من خلال أربعة معايير هامة؛ خشونة سطح القطع، عرض الشق، زاوية الشطف، معدل تكون الخبث السُفلي، وكلها مبنية على أساس استراتيجية الأقل قيمة الأفضل جودة. في حين أن جودة عملية القطع تعتمد على أربع معلمات رئيسية؛ شدة التيار، سرعة القطع، ارتفاع الفوهة، وضغط الغاز، ولا سبيل لتحقيق الجودة المرجوة إلا عن طريق الضبط الرشيد لقيم هذه المعلمات. أختص هذا العمل بمراجعة وتلخيص البحوث المهتمة بتحسين جودة عملية القطع باستخدام تقنية البلازما من خلال الكشف عن طبيعة وقوة تأثير معلمات العملية على معايير الجودة، وتحديد القيم المُثلى لهذه المعلمات اللازمة لتحقيق أعلى مستويات الجودة. لقد تم صياغة هذا العمل بطريقة مبسطة ليساعد المهندسين المستخدمين لهذه التقنية والبُحاث في تحديد الأسباب وراء تدني مستويات الجودة لمنتجاتهم، وكذلك صياغة استنتاجات لتكون نقاط استرشادية لهم للوصول للقيم المثلى لمعلمات العملية وتحقيق أعلى مستويات الجودة ورفع الكفاءة الإنتاجية للتقنية. لقد اجتمعت جُل البُحوث على أن شدة التيار وسرعة القطع هما الأكثر تأثيرا على كل معايير الجودة، تليهما ارتفاع الفوهة وضغط الغاز. وأن لكل معلمة من هذه المعلمات طبيعة تأثير تختلف عن المعلمات الأخرى، غير أن لها تأثيرات مشتركة تدخل في معادلة تحسين جودة العملية ولا يمكن إهمالها. كما أن الفهم الجيد لطبيعة تأثير هذه المعلمات يُسهل على المستخدمين والباحثين الضبط الرشيد لهذه المعلمات.
تحسينٌ جودة الخدمات المصرفيةٌ باستخدام نظريةٌ صفوف الانتظار )حالة دراسيةٌ بالمصرف التجاري الوطن مصراتة(
Authors: الصغير القنيدي , الشيخ عبدالله , ابوزقية مهند , دد مصطفى , النعاس فتح الله
Published: September 2024

تواجه المؤسسات الخدمية مشكلة وصول طالبي الخدمة في وقت متقارب، والذين بدورهم يضطرون للانتظار في صفوف حتى يحين دورهم وتسعى هذه المؤسسات لجعل خط الانتظار لتلقي الخدمة أقصر ما يمكن وبالقدر الذي يضمن رضا العميل عن تلك الخدمة وعدم مغادرة المكان دون تلقي الخدمة المطلوبة. تهدف هذه الدراسة الى تطبيق أحد نماذج بحوث العمليات لحل مشكلة طوابير الانتظار وذلك باستخدام نموذج صف انتظار ذو صف واحد وعدة قنوات خدمية بمرحلة خدمة واحدة(MM/s) لتحسين جودة الخدمات المقدمة من طرف المصرف التجاري الوطني مصراتة، وتم تطبيق المنهج الوصفي بإعداد 50 استبانة وزعت على عينة من زبائن المصرف. وتم استخدام البرنامج الاحصائي (SPSS) لتحليل نتائج الاستبانات.
ومن خلال بناء النموذج المناسب كانت الدراسة متركزة على مراكز الخدمة المصرفية حيت اعتمدت ثلاثة مراكز خدمة وتم حساب معدل الخدمة ومعدل الوصول وتطبيق معادلات صفوف الانتظار، وباستخدام برنامج الأساليب الكمية Quantitative Methods (QM) تم تحليل النتائج المتحصل عليها والتي من أهمها أن مقدم الخدمة يكون مشغول بنسبة 98% من الوقت وأن متوسط عدد الأشخاص في الطابور 54 شخص تقريبا وأن متوسط الوقت الذي يقضيه الشخص في الطابور 29 دقيقة وعند زيادة مراكز الخدمة إلى 4 مراكز للصرافة انخفض معدل الانشغال إلى 74% وكان متوسط عدد الأشخاص في الطابور 1.37 شخص (شخصان تقريباً) ومتوسط الوقت الذي يقضيه الشخص في الطابور حوالي 43 ثانية. ومن خلال النتائج توصي هذه الدراسة بضرورة إضافة مركزين إضافيين لتقليل وقت الانتظار ومتوسط طول صفوف الانتظار، والتوسع في استخدام نماذج صفوف الانتظار في المؤسسات الخدمية التي تعاني من الازدحام لتحسين الخدمات المقدمة، وربطها بالتكاليف لاختيار البدائل الأفضل في القرارات الإدارية.
تأثير ظاهرة الاحتباس الحراري على الاحتياجات المائية للمحاصيل في مدينة مصراتة - ليبيا حتى عام 2050
Authors: معيوف عبدالرحمن
Published: September 2024

تعتبر ليبيا ومنها مدينة مصراته من المناطق الجافة، حيث تبلغ نسبة مساحة المناطق التي يتجاوز معدل سقوط الأمطار الســنوي فيــها 100مم ـحوالي 5 % من المساحة الكلية. ويعتبر معدل البخر السنوي فيها مرتفع حيث يتراوح ما بين 1700مم في الشمال إلي 6000 مم في الجنوب، [3].
وتعتبر المياه الجوفية هي المصدر الرئيسي للمياه في ليبيا حيث تمثل 86 % من الموارد المائية المتاحة، يستعمل منها حوالي 85 % في الري والمشاريع الزراعية. ومع التزايد السكاني المضطرد والتوسع العمراني وازدياد الأنشطة الزراعية، يزداد الطلب على المياه في ظل ثبات الموارد والاحتياجات المائية، الأمر الذي ينذر بالخطر. وتعاني ليبيا حاليا عجزا مائيا، فـقـد بلغ هذا العجز حوالي 0.98 مليار م3 عام 1990 ويتفاقم تدريجيا حتـــى يــصل إلي 5.34 مليار م3 عام 2050 وذلك مع تحقق الحجم الإفتراضي لثبات سكان ليبيا عام 2050، والذي قد يصل إلي 36 مليون نسمه. ومن ناحية أخرى فإن حصة الفرد من المياه المتجددة بلغت حوالي 110م3  في عام 2010، بينما يقدر الحد الحرج بحوالي 500 م3  لكل فرد سنويا، ويقدر حد الاستقرار الذي يضمن إستمرار التنمية والاستقرار الإقتصادي بحوالي 1000م3   لكل شخص في السنة وهو ما يسمي بخط الفقر المائي، [4].
وفي ظل هذا الوضع المائي الصعب في ليبيا، تطل علينا ظاهرة الاحتباس الحراري لتزيد الوضع تعقيدا، حيث تشير تقارير الهيئة الحكومية الدولية المعنية بتغـير المناخ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change  IPCC)) إلي حدوث تغير في مناخ الكرة الأرضية بسبب ظاهرة الاحتباس والذي يؤثر سلبا على البيئة الأرضية.
A Review of Concrete Structure in Terms of Deterioration and Strengthening with Analysis of Recent Technology
Authors: Gallouz Khalifa , Dihoum Ahmed
Published: September 2024

In this paper the components of concrete structure, which are steel and concrete, and corrosion will be discussed. Followed by a description of the old technique that was used to strength and repair reinforced concrete structures. Then this essay presents a state-of-the-art technique that is fiber reinforced polymer and reviews of its manufacturing methods. Next, the positive and negative aspects of using fiber reinforced polymer sheets as increase shear and flexure capacity will be analyzed. Finally, a brief summary will be concluded.
Dynamic of Distributed Parameter Systems; From Infinite to Finite Systems
Authors: Baaiu Ahmed , Albatrookh Ismail
Published: September 2024

This work focuses on describing the dynamicbehavior of distributed parameter systems by means ofspatial discretization. In control and system theory literature, distributed parameter systems are simply thesystems that are represented mathematically by partialdifferential equations. Thus, the key notion of this work isrepresenting the dynamic behavior of distributed parametersystems by means of spatial discretization of the dynamics ofthe system. Spatial discretization, or lumping, aims totransform a partial differential equation to a set of ordinarydifferential equations. The proposed concept approximatesthe dynamic behavior of the physical system by lumping itto small tranches and then using the finite differencesmethod to interconnect formally these lumps and simulatesthe dynamic of the overall system.
Expand of Alkhoms 30KV Power Distribution Network
Authors: Bozaed M. bozaed , Elaloul A. A. Abdalla Elaloul
Published: September 2024

One of the aims of the General ElectricalCompany of Libya (GECOL) is to supply the customerswith electric energy a wording to the standard specification.Alkhoms is a Libyan city and it is one of GECOL areas.Because of the conditions increasing of the loads in Alkhomsand in all Libyan cities, the electric network should be ableto feed the increasing and future loads. So it is necessary toadopt a strategic plan for future expanding of the network.The aim of this paper is to know the operating state of theelectrical power system by the conditions of the powercirculation, as well as developing the network until 2023 andstudying the proposed solutions to solve the problemsAlkhoms – Libya network. This paper has been usedNEPLAN software which had estimated and solved thefuture expanding problems of Alkhoms networks.
Effect of Archie's constants on water saturation Estimation, Nubian Sandstone (Case Study)
Authors: Bahia M. Ben Ghawar
Published: September 2024

Estimation of water saturation (Sw) is an important stage of reservoir reserve assessment. Geophysical data recorded of select four wells over studied reservoir depth intervals are processed for presenting this work. Shaly studied reservoir (lower Cretaceous) located Southeast Sirte Basin, has about 410-650 feet thickness, with 30% volume of shale (Vsh) cut off value. It has average total porosity 10%. The reservoir divided into two main units (A and B) according to fluid content (gas and Oil). However, using Archie's standard Tortuosity factor (a=1), Cementation factor (m=2), and Saturation exponent (n=2) parameters effect on water saturation especially shaly reservoir. Therefore, factual parameters of a, m, and n from special core analysis of studied reservoir clarified and comprised water saturation by using different shaly models (Archie, Indonesian and Simandoux) is the main intent. Free and forced fit line technique are used to estimate a and m values. The Simandoux formula gives lowest values of water saturation whether use free or forced Archie's parameters, while the Indonesian has values lower than Archie. Therefore, Shale content (30%) plays performance of various shaly sand saturation equations, which is clearly present by different value between water saturation degrees of average Sw values (ΔSw) where it reach to 3%.
Water Transients in Pipes Due to Value Oscillation
Authors: S. Elgassier
Published: September 2024

Pressure transients in pipeline due to valvevibration during closing stroke have been studied. Thepresumed oscillatory motion of valve actuating element isquiet depends on both the valve mechanical andhydrodynamic designs in one hand and to the controller inthe other hand. Since, in almost, practical valve design andcontrol the oscillatory of valve closing is unavoidable. In thiscomputational investigation, a two-equations model withappropriate boundary conditions have been implemented tostudy the effect of valve element vibrations. The effect ofvalve vibration on various flow transients has shown quietpronounced difference than that of the vibration free closingprocess which normally assumed in-computational. It canbe withdrawn from the present study that the pressurepeaks with oscillatory valve closing stroke are as much astwice that of oscillation free valve closing stroke.
A Comparison of Three Geophysical Methods for Determining the Depth to Bedrock
Authors: Faraj M. Eljabri
Published: September 2024

The location of the study site for the presented research here is at Illinois in USA. Geophysical investigations were conducted to characterize the subsurface. At the site, borehole control, downhole seismic (DHS), seismic refraction tomography (SRT) and multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) data were acquired for the purpose of seismic site characterization. Shear wave and compressional wave velocities were used to estimate depth to bedrock. The data analyses showed the depth to bedrock determined by DHS, MASW and SRT is in good agreement with borehole data.