bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH IMPLANTASI POROUS TANTALUM BERLAPIS HIDROKSIAPATIT TERHADAP GAMBARAN DARAH MERAH TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY
Authors: Panjaitan Budianto , G Gunanti , Noviana Deni , Fakhrul Ulum Mokhamad , Sukmana Irza
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran darah merah pada tikus yang diimplan porous tantalum berlapis hidroksiapatit. Dalam

penelitian ini digunakan 12 ekor tikus jantan, galur Sprague Dawley, umur ±3 bulan yang dibagi dalam tiga kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol

tanpa implant (K1), kelompok implan porous tantalum (K2), dan kelompok implan porous tantalum berlapis hidroksiapatit (K3). Pengambilan

darah dilakukan melalui vena pada ekor di hari ke-0 sebelum pemasangan implan, ke-14, dan ke-30 setelah pemasangan implan. Pengamatan data

parameter darah merah meliputi jumlah sel darah merah, kadar hemoglobin (Hb), dan persentase hematokrit. Hasil perhitungan jumlah sel darah

merah, kadar Hb, dan hematokrit menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak nyata (P>0,05) pada masing-masing kelompok perlakuan kecuali jumlah sel

darah merah pada kelompok tikus yang yang diimplan dengan porous tantalum tanpa lapis meningkat pada hari ke-30 dan menunjukkan

perbedaan dibandingkan kelompok lainnya (P
10. The Sperm Quality of Diabetic Rat (Rattus norvegicus) After Treated with Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Extract
Authors: Suarni Elsa , Dasrul Dasrul , Lubis Triva Murtina , Azhar Azhar , Rinidar Rinidar , Ismail Ismail
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the sperm quality of  diabetic  rat (Rattus norvegicus) after treated with bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) extracts. This study followed direct complete randomized design using 15 male rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar’s strain which divided into 3 groups. group I (K1) as a control, group II (K2) was diabetic rat  which induced 120mg / kg bw alloxan intraperitoneally, and group III (K3) was diabetic rat which treated with 100mg / kg bw extract of bitter melon, Examination of sperm count, motility, and sperm abnormality was checked at day 48. Data sperm count, motility, and sperm abnormalities was analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan multiple test. The results showed that administration of bitter melon extract dose  100 mg / kg bw for 48 days can improve count and motility spermatozoa (P0,05) and decrease abnormalities of spermatozoa (P0,05).   Bitter melon fruit extract dose  100 mg / kg bw can prevent decrease  sperm quality of diabetic rats
The Assessment of Animal Welfare Implementation in Poultry Slaughter House in Kisaran City Asahan District
Authors: Yuandi Ridho Akbar , Adam Mulyadi , Wahyuni Sri
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to assess the aspect of animal welfare in poultry slaughter house at Bakti market, Kartini market, and Diponegoro market in Kisaran city Asahan District North Sumatra Province. This research was conducted using direct observation and interview methods using a structured questionnaire based on animal welfare aspects. There were three aspects assesed in this study, including transportation aspects, shelter aspects and slaughter aspects. The results of the studies showed that some of the animal welfare aspects have been applied positively in poultry slaughter house in Kisaran City. However, improvements are required to be implemented in some poultry slaughter house in this area
Perception of Cat Owners about the Management of Cat Care During Pregnancy and Post Partus Period
Authors: Taqwa Zarizki , Lubis Triva Murtina , Dasrul Dasrul
Published: October 2023

Cats are pets which part or all of their lives depend on humans for certain things. The period of pregnancy and post partus are very crucial periods for cats. It required certain management approach which is different from general maintenance. This study aimed to find out the perception of cat owners about the cat's management during the pregnancy and post partus period. The research data were obtained by filling out the online questionnaires distributed to the member of cat lover’s Banda Aceh. Data were analyzed descriptively. This study found that the perception of cat owners during pregnancy and post partus was positive.
The Comparison of The Death Time of Hanged and Unhanged Broilers After Slaughter
Authors: Azhari Azhari , Sugito Sugito , Putri Ferllya Adela , Sari Wahyu Eka , Jalaluddin M. , Sofyan Hamny , Muttaqien Muttaqien , Rosmaidar Rosmaidar , Isa M.
Published: October 2023

Halal slaughter is a way to kill animals by the process of draining blood properly, perfectly, and according to the sharia. One of the critical points of halal in the slaughtering process is the timeof death of the broilers after slaughter. The objective of this study was to determine the difference between the time of death of hanged broilers and unhanged broilers, in order to find out the right time before the scalding. The samples used were 10 male broilers (Gallus domesticus) five weeks old with body weight 1.6-1.7 kg/head. The variable observed was the time of death of hangedand unhanged broilers after slaughter looking at the signs of  death,  such  as  heart  rate  stopped,  pupil or  eyelid  reflexes,  and  stopped breathing. This study used a completely randomized design (RAL) with two treatments, such as slaughter of chickens in a hanging position (P1) and chickens without hanging (P2). The test data were analyzed using the independent T-test SPSS 25. The results obtained that the average time of death of hanged broilers after slaughter was 82,80 seconds, while the average time of death of unhanged broilers was 162.60 seconds. The test results of the two treatments with a significant level of 0.05 showed a significant difference. The conclusion of this study was time of death of hanged broilers is faster than that of unhanged broilers after slaughter
ADNOC's Largest Immersive Integrated Capacity Model (ICM) Unlocking Major Opportunities by Reducing Carbon Content While Maintaining Hydrocarbon Supply
Authors: Selaiti Iman Hamad Al , Hoda Mohammad Faizul
Published: October 2023

ICM is ADNOC's industry-leading solution for managing its vast hydrocarbon reserves and provide a stable supply to various export points. The solution provides several predefined daily runs in an automated manner, which can be visualized via an interactive web-based dashboard across ADNOC. Further, ICM allows for configuring ad-hoc scenarios to analyze/evaluate special operating cases and develop business plans. ICM's goal is to provide ADNOC's Upstream a way to identify/assess opportunities for accelerated production growth.

ICM is a digital twin of ADNOC's assets running in compositional mode, allowing it to accurately compute the moles/mass of any component in the production system. As different wells, producing at different rates, commingle and finally separate into product streams, ICM can determine the CO2 load (or CO2 Intensity) per barrel of oil produced. A mix-and-match of different assets can give different CO2 Intensities. For a desired production target, ICM can provide the optimum mix of production from wells/reservoirs/fields/assets targeting the lowest total CO2 Intensity per barrel of oil in the product stream, while observing capacity/operational constraints of the supply chain.

ICM's main technology component is a Digital Twin consisting of components like data model and management, visualization framework, physics-based well and surface network models and work process. This is described in detail later.

ICM has demonstrated its value and benefits to ADNOC in production engineering and business planning. It has also demonstrated its capability to help ADNOC maximize its supply chain value through integration with the downstream Integrated Production Planning and Portfolio Management and Optimization systems. Going forward, ADNOC is focused on expanding the value of ICM by addressing sustainability issues within the context of production planning and optimization.
From Disposal to an Oasis in the Desert
Authors: Lawati M. , Abri M. , Marhourqi S.
Published: October 2023

Rima cluster of fields are located in Oman, around 600 km South of the Capital Muscat. The cluster of fields have been producing Oil for over 40 years. The initial production was from medium-API fields around 33° API with 9 cP viscosity. Over the years, numerous discoveries were made in the area that led to increased production from heavy oil fields as well as low-sour oil.

Many of the connected fields in the cluster are mature, and thus have high water cuts, casually crossing 95% Water Cut (W/C). The fields are connected to a central processing facility (CPF) through a complex network of pipelines and headers. The CPF processes the incoming gross fluids, separating oil and water, dehydrating the crude for export, and partially treat water for bulk removal of oil in water (OiW).
Condensate Tracking and GOR Management in an Oil-Gas Reservoir
Authors: Mastny E. A. , Sunagatullin R. , Wang Y. , Guillaume J. , Rodrigues V. , Al Hammadi Y. , Saadi K.
Published: October 2023

An onshore reservoir in Abu Dhabi is a thin four-way anticline reservoir with an oil rim and extensive gas cap. The oil rim and gas cap have different ownership interests. The oil rim is under active development, while the gas cap is yet to be developed.  The first part of this study was to verify the adequacy of tools for calculating historical and estimating future resource exchange between the gas cap and oil rim.  This condensate tracking study involved QC (Quality Control) of the fluid characterization of the oil rim and gas cap, and validation of the tracking features in the t-Navigator reservoir using a dual-EOS model.  The second part of this study was to investigate the optimal reservoir management strategy around the wells in the oil-rim closest to the gas cap, and the row of injectors (gas cap fence) surrounding the oil rim.  The gas cap fence is intended to form a barrier between the gas cap and oil rim producers and prevent gas encroaching into the oil rim.  The study showed that the fence is effective, however, due to heterogeneity, drilling timing and gaps in the fence a perfect seal is not achieved.  Historical reservoir performance was analyzed to understand the fence behavior and simulation studies were also performed to give insight into the future reservoir management strategy.  Alignment of the condensate tracking study with the reservoir management strategy update ensured that the benefits of the new strategy come primary from increase oil production and not condensate. The updated reservoir management strategy (injection strategy and production limits) is predicted to increase oil production rate by 20% in the short term and increase oil rim recovery factor by 2.4%, with little additional cost.
Machine Automation in Seismic Interpretation and Modelling: Applications to CO2 Storage. A Case Study from the Gippsland Basin, Victoria, Australia
Authors: Wilson T. C. T.
Published: October 2023

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects are of utmost importance in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and addressing climate change (IPCC, 2005). Accurate reservoir and storage models play a significant role in the success of CCS initiatives (Bachu, 2008). Understanding and characterizing seals, reservoirs, and faults are crucial aspects for developing reliable reservoir and storage models (Shapiro et al., 2004). The mapping and characterization of these geological features enable a better assessment of storage capacity, identification of potential leakage pathways, and optimization of injection and storage processes (Chadwick et al., 2018). This study aims to interpret a modern 3D seismic volume using advanced machine-augmented interpretation technology (Pauget et al., 2009). This globally consistent seismic interpretation and modelling technique provides detailed structural and stratigraphic understanding by providing rapid and high-resolution interpretation throughout the seismic volume. The outputs from this process are then directly fed into unique QI and modeling tools, contributing to the improvement of reservoir characterization for effective CCS implementation.

The Gippsland Basin in Australia has a rich petroleum exploration history, with significant discoveries dating back to the 1960s (Evans et al., 2003; Blevin et al., 1998). The basin has been a prolific producer of oil and gas, with major fields such as the Esso-BHP joint venture's Longford and Barracouta fields contributing to Australia's energy resources (Bradshaw & Morse, 2002). A significant amount of historical open-file data is available in the region which provides valuable insight into the geology and potential of the basin for CCS. The abundance of data and proximity to onshore infrastructure made the basin an obvious candidate for potential CCS projects.

The Pelican Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) project aims to capture and store carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from an industrial facility located in the Gippsland Basin (Hoffman & Carman, 2015). The project involves the capture of CO2 from a gas-fired power station and its transport via pipeline for permanent storage in a deep saline formation beneath the seabed. In order to better characterize the storage site, a modern high-resolution 3D seismic volume was acquired in 2018 (Pelican 3D) (Hoffman, 2021). The Pelican 3D dataset covers some 160 km2 of the offshore Gippsland basin down to 2 seconds TWT, with a bin spacing of 12.5m × 12.5m and a vertical sample rate of 2 ms. The final SEGY volume is 5.6 GB. Here, we apply a unique automated interpretation methodology to interpret the Pelican 3D volume, with the results used to better understand the structural and stratigraphic relationships in the dataset and provide inputs to a static model.
Introducing CareerNow@Baker Hughes - Where Your Skills Gain Energy
Authors: Alam Elie , Bergeron Wendy , Bogatyreva Olga
Published: October 2023

Multiple research point out that more and more industries are being redefined and Baker Hughes is experiencing a big demand from the industry to share how energy transition is being supported by company talent strategy. Topics like reskilling, career mobility, talent marketplace and organizational agility are now C-level topics which serve as transformation tools and help to stay relevant and grow in rapidly changing environment. Baker Hughes is applying AI technology to identify strengths and development areas within its teams and reshape the end-to-end talent lifecycle to increase agility and improve the return on talent investment.

CareerNow program is based on AI technology which provides intelligence on Baker Hughes workforce skillsets and better understanding of labor markets to ensure data-driven and agile talent management approach. Pilot use cases include - Talent Acquisition, Internal Talent Marketplace, Learning, Career Development, Talent Intelligence.

Program purpose for the enterprise is to get a wholistic picture of talent across the talent lifecycle, availability of skillsets inside and out of Baker Hughes, identify and attract the emerging skills and ensure easy access to talent information to support workforce planning and talent acquisition improvements.
Standalone Cased Hole Evaluation Reveals the Potential of Gas Bearing Cretaceous Reservoirs in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Lukmanov Rinat , Al Amri Aryaf , Al Nasseri Ebtsam
Published: October 2023

Recent advances in interpretation and technologies have re-vitalized the interest in Cretaceous formations in the Sultanate of Oman. For many years, Triple Combo log data were considered as a minimum standard for accurate reservoir evaluation, especially during the exploration phase. However open hole logging is not always possible, for example due to challenges related to hole conditions. This paper outlines the cases where open-hole data could not be acquired, and petrophysical analysis was undertaken using cased hole log data.

It is well known that Pulsed Neutron Capture (PNC) tools provide Neutron Capture Cross Section in Sigma mode and C/O ratio. However, the neutron porosity log is also part of the output, which is often ignored. Theoretically, these measurements are sufficient to determine porosity and saturation for simple cases at favorable conditions. The solution of equations for porosity and saturation based on PNC output is provided along with case examples for different fluid types.

Excellent results were obtained for gas bearing clean carbonate intervals using the latest generation of pulsed neutron tools. In these cases, the mud filtrate invasion was not deep, and gas was characterized by low Hydrogen index. This interpretation was based on Fast neutron cross-section, Sigma and Neutron Porosity. It provided porosity, saturation and fluid contact identification which is consistent with the open hole interpretation of nearby wells.

For the wells logged with older generation of PNC tools, only qualitative interpretation is performed for gas bearing intervals. The difference between normalized Near and Far detector readings revealed the zones containing gas. Getting the accurate Neutron porosity was a challenge. Porosity and Saturation interpretation for the gas bearing intervals was complicated due to uncertainty in fluid properties, mud filtrate invasion and low contrast between the properties of gas and matrix.

The paper demonstrates that missing open hole log data are not always a showstopper for reservoir characterization. The standalone cased hole interpretation can provide basis for fit-for-purpose completion decisions, although the quantitative interpretation of PNC logs is more complex than interpretation based on the open hole triple combo logs.
Unique Technique for Successful Stuck Test Plug Removal
Authors: Tkach S. A. , Callihoo B. , Soliman I. M. , Ali H. M.
Published: October 2023

A common problem in wells, both old and new, is the occurrence of mechanical plugs becoming stuck in the tubing hanger profile. Mechanical plugs are typically set in the tubing hanger profile to provide a pressure barrier to test the production tree or to prevent the flow of hydrocarbons from the tubing string to the atmosphere if the production tree is damaged or removed. There are many different types of mechanical plugs that can be used depending on the wellhead system configuration and planned well operations. Some of the common types of plugs used in the industry include, back pressure valves (BPV), non-return valves (NRV), two-way check valves (TWCV), and drop in plugs or DRN plugs. When these plugs become stuck in the tubing hanger the surface access into the production tubing is lost resulting in loss of production, complicated fishing operations, or loss of the entire wellbore if the obstruction cannot be removed. This paper highlights a recent case in which a drop-in style test plug became stuck in the tubing hanger profile of an onshore exploration well in the Middle East Region. The subject well had several failed retrieval attempts with slickline and coiled tubing, which led to the development of unique and innovative equipment and techniques to eventually recover the plug. These specialized retrieval tools and procedures provided an economical and efficient method to successfully remove the stuck plug from the well, ultimately eliminating the need to redrill a new well for the same reservoir targets. These tools and techniques were developed to remove stuck plugs and other obstructions without the use of a workover rig or snubbing unit, making this remediation process cost effective, reliable, and quick to deploy.
Analysis of the Ballooning Effect: No Loss, Only Gain
Authors: Varela Rodrigo , Julaidan Mohammed
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this paper is to share the lessons learned from a ballooning effect that occurred in a carbonate formation in the Middle East. Typically, ballooning is recognized as a gain/loss situation, but in this instance, the loss of mud was undetected, and a slight flow was observed and after that the well was shut-in. As the well was misinterpreted as a flowing well, the remedial operations took 15 days.

The mud returns on the surface were only 0.3 barrels (bbls), and the well was immediately shut-in. The shut-in drill pipe and casing pressure increased simultaneously at the same rate. The kill mud weight was 80 pounds per square foot (pcf), and the circulation was performed using the wait and weight method. At the end of the circulation, the mud weight both in and out remained at 80 pcf, and no traces of oil and gas were observed during the killing operation. The well was circulated a total of 5 times, with a final mud weight of 109 pcf. Throughout the entire killing process, the same shut-in pressure behavior was observed. When the well was opened, slight returns were confirmed for a period of 5 hours. An ultrasonic bond log was taken to the 7" liner to rule out a possible communication with a formation with higher pore pressure than the 68 pcf mud weight, the ultrasonic cement bond log gave poor results due to eccentricity because of tough logging conditions (TLC) conveyance method where the tool lays down on the low side of the wellbore. To address the potential isolation problem, a balanced cement plug was squeezed, however the cement was not injected, fluid volume pumped and returned was the same. Finally, an inflow test was performed at different equivalent mud weights (EMW), confirming that a mud weight of 68 pcf is sufficient to effectively control the well. After determining the safe mud weight, the 6 1/8" section of the well was drilled to section total depth without any influx.
Digitalization In Marine Logistics Using Real-Time Data and Vessel Metrics to Improve Operations Across the Supply Chain
Authors: Miller Matthew R.
Published: October 2023

Optimizing logistics and support for offshore operations, whilst considering the drive towards zero carbon emissions, zero-incident safety, and increasing customer demands, is a significant challenge. To address these challenges, all supply chains need to collaborate using data to optimize and prioritize needs and build resiliency. In this presentation, we are highlighting the collaboration between a Vessel Owner and and leading NOC to improve fleet operations and deliver more efficient and effective support for production operations. The Vessel Owner operates a large fleet of offshore support vessels in the Gulf region. For these operations, they have three main objectives: 1) maximize compliance with client requirements which recently included access to real-time operational data, 2) maximize operational excellence including fleet availability and cost, and 3) be fully in control of our fuel consumption and emissions in all phases of operations. Grappling with the agile nature of their client requirements evolving over time and their fleet not being uniformed nor standardized, it was necessary for them to find ways to make the management and reporting of their operations uniform, scalable, and agile across the entire fleet and engage all internal and external stakeholders in the digital transformation process.
Genomic Insights into Mollusc terrestrialization: Parallel and Convergent Gene Family Expansions as Key Facilitators in out-of-the-sea transitions
Authors: Aristide Leandro , Fernández Rosa
Published: October 2023

Animals abandoned their marine niche and successfully adapted to life on land multiple times throughout evolution, providing a rare opportunity to study the mechanisms driving large scale macroevolutionary convergence. However, the genomic factors underlying this process remain largely unknown. Here, we investigate the macroevolutionary dynamics of gene repertoire evolution during repeated transitions out of the sea in molluscs, a lineage that has transitioned to freshwater and terrestrial environments multiple independent times. Through phylogenomics and phylogenetic comparative methods, we examine approximately 100 genomic datasets encompassing all major molluscan lineages. We introduce a conceptual framework for identifying and analyzing parallel and convergent evolution at the orthogroup level (groups of genes derived from a single ancestral gene in the species in question), and explore the extent of these mechanisms. Despite deep temporal divergences, we found that parallel expansions of ancient gene families played a major role in facilitating adaptation to non-marine habitats, highlighting the relevance of the pre-existing genomic toolkit in facilitating adaptation to new environments. The expanded functions primarily involve metabolic, osmoregulatory, and defense-related systems. We further found functionally convergent lineage-exclusive gene gains, while family contractions appear to be driven by neutral processes. Also, genomic innovations likely contributed to fuel independent habitat transitions. Overall, our study reveals that various mechanisms of gene repertoire evolution -parallelism, convergence and innovation- can simultaneously contribute to major evolutionary transitions. Our results provide a genome-wide gene repertoire atlas of molluscan terrestrialization that pave the way towards further understanding the functional and evolutionary bases of this process.
Lightweight-aware mixed MobileNetv2-YOLOv4 model for helmet detection on construction sites
Authors: Song Benyang , Wang Jiajun , Wang Xiaoling , Zeng Tuocheng
Published: September 2023

Helmet detection based on video monitoring often encounters challenges such as large memory requirements, high complexity of models and difficulty in applying on ubiquitous terminals on construction sites. To address the above problems, a lightweight-aware safety helmet detection method for multi-platforms based on mixed MobileNetv2-YOLOv4 is proposed. First, a lightweight MobileNetv2 backbone is introduced to reduce the number of parameters. Then, a simple model pipeline is achieved by combining the lightweight backbone and widely used YOLOv4 detection head with Feature Pyramid Network (FPN). Also, modifications are made to both the backbone and detection head for a better trade-off between lightweight and performance (speed and accuracy). The whole model is coded under the Darknet framework in the C language and is successfully deployed on a mobile device. Finally, massive experiments and a case study in the real condition are performed to validate the feasibility of the model. The model is lightweight with only 10.4 MB and 3.39 BFLOPs while reaching comparable performance against other detection methods. The model reaches a mAP of 73.1% on the PASCAL VOC 2007 + 2012 dataset and 89.3% on the GDUT-HWD dataset, outperforming YOLOv4, YOLOv5 and Faster R-CNN in speed and model size. The results show that the model has the universality to be implemented in various scenes and the flexibility to be deployed on various devices including workstations, normal PCs and mobile devices. And the safety management level on construction sites is also improved through the successful deployment.
A Pioneering Investigation of a Novel in-situ Dynamic Characterization of the Stress-Strain Mechanism on Human Plantar Soft Tissue
Authors: Huang Ran , Wu Longyan , Tang Lisheng , Ning Xinyi , Geng Xiang , Chen Li , He Xiaoyan , Jin Yuanyuan , Zhu Jun , Ma Xin
Published: October 2023

We have conducted the first in-situ and in-vivo dynamic mechanical test on human plantar soft tissue. A dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA)-like device has been invented to perform the in-situ and in-vivo stress-strain tests on living plantar in order to characterize the material mechanism of biological soft tissue, whereas it is nearly impossible to prepare a sample from a living body for classical tests. A series of pioneering tests of tensile/compression on the heel of ten volunteers are reported, with the reference of tests on mimic foot model made by silicon rubber, standard silicon rubber brick sample, and finite elementary analysis. In addition to demonstrating the effectiveness of the device and approach, interesting correlations between the results and clinic data were found, suggesting considerable potential for the invention in future research.
Wavelet Extracted Features in the Condition Monitoring of HV Ceramic Insulators
Authors: Haiba Ahmed S.
Published: October 2023

The components of high voltage transmission lines such as towers, insulators, wires, and accessories are continuously subjected to severe environmental conditions. As a result, it is necessary to monitor their health condition to prevent any sudden interruption in the supplied load and to allocate the maintenance investments where they are highly needed. Defective discs of ceramic insulators essentially contain partial discharge (PD) activities; i.e., the presence of PD activities may characterize the insulator’s poor condition. The detection of radio frequency (RF) waves emitted from the PD activities is an emerging technique to monitor the insulator’s condition during its operation. In this paper, various artificial defects are introduced to the insulator discs and the corresponding RF signatures are captured using a high frequency sensor under the normal operating voltage. Several features are extracted from the captured signals after their decomposition using the discrete wavelet transform. The analysis of variance test has been adopted to evaluate the significance of each feature and level in identifying the defect type. This step facilitates the training of an intelligent classifier that will automatically distinguish the insulator strings that has to be replaced along the line.
Haplotype analysis in Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Special Monogenic Diseases Cases based on Nanopore Sequencing
Authors: He Shujing , Zhang Zhiqiang , Xu Linan , Fang Cong , Ding Taoli , Yang Ji , Ren Jun , Zou Yangyun , Liu Yue , Jiao Shujing , Ren Zi
Published: September 2023

Background
Most monogenic diseases resulting from pathogenic variants lack effective treatments. Genetic counseling and preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic/ single-gene diseases (PGT-M) are significant and effective methods to block the inheritance of pathogenic variants. However, conventional PGT-M, based on next-generation sequencing (NGS), has limitations to analyze haplotype linkage when dealing with special pathogenic variants, particularly under conditions of de novo variant or incomplete pedigree information.
Methods
We recruited four couples who underwent PGT-M cycles in our center. They are patients or carriers of alpha-thalassemia, beta-thalassemia, polycystic kidney disease-1, and spinocerebellar ataxia-1, respectively, with different variants (missense variants, insertions and deletions (InDels), large fragment deletions, and short tandem repeats (STRs)). And most of them have no complete pedigree information. According to NGS method, affected single-sperm or embryo was used as proband. Because of its long-read length, nanopore sequencing was performed in PGT-M for haplotype analysis only using the couples’ blood sample. And it was compared with NGS method.
Results
We directly constructed haplotypes from the flanking single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked with the pathogenic variants. The results of haplotype linkage analysis according to nanopore sequencing were consistent with that using NGS method. And embryos transferred were confirmed unaffected by prenatal diagnosis.
Conclusion
In this work, we developed a promising PGT-M method in haplotype linkage analysis based on nanopore sequencing, which is applicable for various kinds of target variants without the requirements for probands or additional family members. It overcoming the limitations of NGS method.
Efficient selective attention LSTM for well log curve synthesis
Authors: Zhou Yuankai , Li Huanyu
Published: September 2023

In recent years, non-core drilling has gradually become the primary exploration method in geological exploration engineering, and well logging curves have increasingly gained importance as the main carriers of geological information. However, factors such as geological environment, logging equipment, borehole quality, and unexpected events can all impact the quality of well logging curves. Previous methods of re-logging or manual corrections have been associated with high costs and low efficiency. This paper proposes a machine learning method that utilizes existing data to predict missing data, and its effectiveness and feasibility have been validated through experiments. The proposed method builds on the traditional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network by incorporating a self-attention mechanism to analyze the sequential dependencies of the data. It selects the dominant computational results in the LSTM, reducing the computational complexity from O\(({n}^{2}\)) to\(O\left(nlogn\right)\) and improving model efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves higher accuracy compared to traditional curve synthesis methods based on Fully Connected Neural Networks (FCNN) and vanilla LSTM. This accurate, efficient, and cost-effective prediction method holds practical value in engineering applications.
Rates of Achieving Meaningful Outcomes After Undergoing Minimally-Invasive Far Lateral Tubular Decompression
Authors: Barghi Ameen , Gowd Anirudh , Beck Edward , Miller Evan , Knio Ziyad , Jamison Matthew , O'Gara Tadhg
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To evaluate rates of achieving meaningful outcomes among patients undergoing far lateral tubular decompression (FLTD) for neuroforaminal stenosis. Traditional midline approaches are ineffective in treating isolated neuroforaminal stenosis. Direct decompression via a far lateral approach offers a minimally invasive, facet-sparing surgery with minimal surgical dissection.
Methods: Patients who underwent FLTD between January 2014 and January 2019 for isolated foraminal stenosis were included. The study collected patient demographics, perioperative data, and pre- and postoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs). The study calculated thresholds for achieving minimal clinically important difference (MCID) on each PRO and performed logistic regression analysis to identify predictors of achieving meaningful clinical outcomes and clinical failure.
Results: 64 patients were included with a 2-year follow-up. The analysis showed improvement in each PRO over the 2-year period (p < 0.001 for all). 90.2% of patients achieved MCID for at least one PRO, with the VAS leg pain having the highest achievement rate at 79.7%. During the follow-up period, 17.2% required additional surgery. Increased severity of preoperative symptoms was associated with a greater likelihood of achieving MCID in all three PROs (p < 0.05, each). The presence of spondylolisthesis was associated with decreased odds of achieving MCID by ODI (p = 0.04). Increased operative time was associated with increased odds of achieving MCID by ODI (p = 0.03). No variables were associated with revision surgery.
Conclusions: FLTD is an effective treatment option for direct decompression of foraminal and extra foraminal stenosis in well-indicated patients. Most patients achieved MCID two years from surgery, with more severe symptoms having a greater likelihood of improvement, particularly with radicular pain. Further research should be performed on patients with spondylolisthesis to prescribe treatment resulting in maximal benefit.
Level of Evidence: 4
Continuous Non-invasive Blood Pressure Measurement Using VitalstreamTM is Comparable to Invasive Intraarterial Pressure in Children Undergoing Major Surgery
Authors: Boretsky Karen , Nasr Vivian , Atkinson Douglas , Baruch Martin
Published: September 2023

Background
Accurate blood pressure monitoring is essential in many clinical scenarios for adults and children. A novel continuous non-invasive arterial pressure monitoring device using a pulse contour algorithm (pulse decomposition analysis), Vitalstream™, was recently cleared by the United States Food and Drug Administration for use in patients 18 years of age and older. Recently published ISO 81060–3:2022 standards for continuous automated blood pressure measurement were used to determine the accuracy (bias) and precision (repeatability) of the device in children ages 2–17 undergoing major surgeries compared to intraarterial blood pressure monitoring. Accuracy and precision are defined as acceptable if bias is within 6 mmHg and standard deviation within 10 mmHg.
Methods
A sample of 31 children ages 2–17 years scheduled for major surgery requiring invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring were consented to participate. Each patient was monitored with a radial arterial catheter and a Vitalstream™ monitor. Hemodynamic measures obtained from both systems during at least thirty minutes of simultaneous monitoring during the surgical procedure were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients as well as Bland-Altman and 4Q plot trend analyses.
Results
The correlations of systolic and diastolic arterial pressures were, respectively, 0.77 and 0.68. The Bland-Altman comparisons yielded bias (standard deviation) of 3.79 (9.74) mmHg and − 1.72 (8.45) mmHg for, respectively, systolic, and diastolic arterial pressures, (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Concordances for systole and diastole were, respectively, 0.82 and 0.85.
Conclusions
In this study, continuous, beat by beat blood pressure measured using the non-invasive Vitalstream™ device correlated well with invasive arterial catheter measurements in the children. Most patients exhibited good agreement between methods, and the results were within established ISO limits for the validation of continuous automatic arterial pressure monitoring. The Vitalstream™ may offer low risk, accurate blood pressure monitoring in children ages 2–17.
The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04817137)
Assessing the Clinical and Economic Benefits of Implementing Point-of-care C-Reactive Protein Test to Manage Respiratory Tract Infections: Insights From Clinician Interviews in Four European Countries
Authors: Lani Enyal , Wilson Matthew , Sudhir Krishnan Puri , Meiwald Anne , Turner Katy M.E , Hamlyn-Williams Charlotte , Adams Elisabeth J.
Published: September 2023

Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical challenge for public health, driven by the overuse of antibiotics. Testing for C-reactive protein (CRP) using point-of-care (POC) tests is recommended in many European guidelines, but the uptake and availability of POC CRP tests vary widely. This study aims to describe patient pathways for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in primary care across four European countries: Norway and the Netherlands, where POC CRP testing is used in routine care, and England and Italy, where such testing is not used; and to evaluate the potential impact of introducing POC CRP testing in the latter.
Methods
Interviews were conducted with eight general practitioners (GPs) across four countries. The GPs in Norway and the Netherlands used POC CRP tests, the GPs in England and Italy did not. Current care pathways were mapped for all eight clinics, and hypothetical POC CRP pathways were mapped for clinics in England and Italy. Cost and resource-use data were collated from clinician interviews and published evidence to estimate total resources and costs per pathway. Antibiotic prescriptions, hospital referrals, and pathway costs were compared between current and hypothetical pathways (England and Italy).
Results
In Norway and the Netherlands, estimated antibiotic prescriptions per 100 patients were 0.3–21.6, hospital referrals per 100 patients were 0.0–1.6, and mean costs per patient were €15.64 - €52.07. In England and Italy, antibiotic prescriptions per 100 patients were 22.0–68.4, hospital referrals per 100 patients were 0.6–11.6, and mean pathway costs per patient were £23.01 - £49.63 (England) and €24.28 - €50.82 (Italy). In hypothetical POC CRP testing pathways, potential reductions in healthcare utilisation were estimated (antibiotic prescriptions 28%, hospital referrals 35%, and pathway costs 24%).
Conclusions
Implementation of POC CRP testing for patients with RTI in primary care could help reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions, hospital referrals and total pathway costs.
Sex Differences in the Prevalence of Suicide Attempts and Associated Risk Factors among Young, First-Episode and Drug-Naive Major Depressive Disorder Patients with Anxiety Symptoms
Authors: Jiang Donghong , Lang XiaoE , Wang Dongmei , Zhang Xiang-Yang
Published: October 2023

Background Suicide attempts and anxiety are common commodities in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), and suicide attempts are often associated with anxiety symptoms. Studies have found gender differences in several aspects of MDD; however, gender differences in suicide attempts in young first-episode and drug-naive (FEDN) MDD patients with anxiety remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate potential gender differences in the prevalence of suicide attempts and associated risk factors among young FEDN MDD patients with anxiety in a Chinese Han population.

Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1289 young
patients with FEDN MDD. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and
biochemical parameters of patients were collected.

Results Suicide attempters accounted for 23.80% and 26.12% of
male and female FEDN MDD patients with anxiety, respectively, with
no significant sex differences. Binary logistic regression analyses
showed that anxiety, clinical global impression severity, and
thyroid peroxidase antibody significantly predicted suicide
attempts in both male and female FEDN MDD patients with anxiety,
while body mass index significantly predicted suicide attempts only
in males, and psychotic symptoms predicted suicide attempts only in
females.

Conclusions Our study is the first large survey on the sex differences in the prevalence of suicide attempts and associated risk factors among young FEDN MDD patients with anxiety in a Chinese Han population.Our findings suggest that risk factors associated with suicide attempts differ by gender in young FEND MDD patients with anxiety, despite of a similar rate of suicide attempts in female and male patients.
Medical Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Reflection on the JHUSOM Experience
Authors: Wade Sydney A. , Ali Iman , Milstone Aaron M. , Clever Sarah L. , Xiao Shaoming , Koontz Danielle Winner , Hansoti Bhakti
Published: September 2023

Background
We sought to understand the relative risk of COVID-19 infection and identify risk factors for infection to identify targets for mitigation among medical students.
Methods
An observational cohort study of Johns Hopkins School of Medicine students was conducted from June 2020 to July 2021. Blood samples were collected and tested at three visits to assess for the presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, a questionnaire was administered at each visit to collect demographic information and assess potential social and behavioral risk factors.
Results
264 students enrolled in the study, and 38 participants completed all study requirements by study end. Roughly 6% of the first- and second-year classes had a reported positive COVID-19 test compared to 5% of third- and fourth-year students. By visit 3, 92% of medical students had detectable antibodies against COVID-19 compared to 4% during the study enrollment period. From study enrollment to visit 3, there was a 10-fold increase in the percentage of students reporting attending large social gatherings and dining in restaurants.
Conclusions
Overall, few COVID-19 cases were found among medical students, even those on clinical rotations. As the study progressed, students reported engaging in higher-risk social behaviors in conjunction with increasing vaccination rates among students.
Flexible bronchoscope for the treatment of intratracheal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in children: a case report and literature review
Authors: Yang Zeyu , Wang Jing , Wang Yu , Wang Yan , Yang Yingying , Shi Miaomiao
Published: September 2023

Background
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor. In children, it most often occurs in the lung tissue and the trachea is rarely involved. Inflammatory pseudotumor is multifactorial in etiology and generally benign, but it is often mistaken for malignancy given its aggressive appearance. Although IMT is a benign tumor, it has the possibility of malignancy, recurrence and distant metastasis, and surgical resection is the first choice for its treatment.
Case Presentation:
we report a case of a 5-year-old boy with clinical symptoms of cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, and hemoptysis. Flexible bronchoscopy showed that the mass was obstructing the airway. The patient was diagnosed as anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive IMT by pathological and immunohistochemical examination. After multiple times of flexible bronchoscopic cryotherapy under general anesthesia, the mass disappeared completely, and no recurrence was found in 6 years of follow-up.
Conclusion
IMT in the airway is rare in children and should be distinguished from asthma and other airway obstructive diseases when clinically encountered. The preferred treatment method is surgery. Children with simple IMT who are not suitable for surgery can choose bronchoscopic interventional therapy, which not only has high safety, but also reduces the risk and complications of surgery, and also reduces the financial burden of patients' families.
Molecular fingerprints in the hippocampus of alcohol seeking during withdrawal
Authors: Radwańska Kasia , Pagano Roberto , Salamian Ahmad , Skonieczna Edyta , Wojtas Bartosz , Gielniewski Bartek , Harda Zofia , Cały Anna , Havekes Robbert , Abel Ted
Published: September 2023

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is characterized by pathological motivation to consume alcohol and cognitive inflexibility, leading to excessive alcohol seeking and use. Due to limited understanding of the molecular basis of the disease, there are few pharmacological interventions available to combat AUD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular correlates of impaired extinction of alcohol seeking during alcohol withdrawal using a mouse model of AUD implemented in the automated IntelliCage social system. This model enabled us to distinguish between animals exhibiting AUD-prone and AUD-resistant phenotypes, based on the presence of ≥ 2 or < 2 criteria of AUD, respectively. We utilized new generation RNA sequencing to identify genes that were differentially expressed in the hippocampus and amygdala of mice meeting ≥ 2 or < 2 criteria, as these brain regions are implicated in alcohol motivation, seeking, consumption and the cognitive inflexibility characteristic of AUD. To complement the sequencing studies, we conducted ex vivo electrophysiology experiments. Our findings revealed significant dysregulation of the hippocampal genes associated with the actin cytoskeleton and synaptic function, including actin binding molecule cofilin, during alcohol withdrawal in mice meeting ≥ 2 criteria compared to those meeting < 2 criteria. Moreover, this dysregulation was accompanied by impaired synaptic transmission in the molecular layer of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (ML-DG). Additionally, we demonstrated that overexpression of cofilin in the polymorphic layer of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (PoDG) inhibited ML-DG synapses, increased motivation to seek alcohol, impaired extinction of alcohol seeking and increased correlation between AUD behaviors, resembling the phenotype observed in mice meeting ≥ 2 criteria. Overall, our study uncovers a novel mechanism linking increased hippocampal cofilin expression with the AUD phenotype.