bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LHCGR inactivating variants: single center experience and systematic review of phenotype-genotype of 46,XY and 46,XX patients
Authors: Barnabas Rohit , Jadhav Swati , Lila Anurag Ranjan , Kusuma Boddu Sirisha , Memon Saba Samad , Arya Sneha , Hegishte Samiksha Chandrashekhar , Karlekar Manjiri , Patil Virendra A , Sarathi Vijaya , Shah Nalini S , Bandgar Tushar
Published: August 2024

Background

The data on Leydig cell hypoplasia (LCH) resulting from biallelic Luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) inactivating variants is limited to case series.

Methods

We aim to describe our patients and perform systematic review of the patients with LHCGR inactivating variants in the literature. Detailed phenotype and genotype data of three patients from our centre and 85 (46,XY: 67; 46,XX: 18) patients from 59 families with LHCGR-inactivating variants from literature were described.

Results

Three 46,XY patients (age 6–18 years) from our center, with two reared as females, had two novel variants in LHCGR. Systematic review (including our patients) revealed 72 variants in 88 patients. 46,XY patients (n = 70, 56 raised as females) presented with pubertal delay (n = 41) or atypical genitalia (n = 17). Sinnecker score ≥3 (suggesting antenatal human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) inaction) was seen in 80% (56/70), and hCG-stimulated testosterone was low (<1.1 ng/mL) in 77.4% (24/31), whereas puberty/postpubertal age, high luteinizing hormone (LH) (97.6%, 41/42) and low (<1.0 ng/mL) basal testosterone (94.9%, 37/39) was observed in most. Follicle stimulating hormone was elevated in 21/51 of these patients. Variants with <10% receptor function were exclusively seen in cohorts with Sinnecker 4/5 (10/15 vs 0/5, P = 0.033). 46,XX patients (n = 18) presented with oligo/amenorrhea and/or anovulatory infertility and had polycystic ovaries (7/9) with median LH of 10 IU/L (1.2–38).

Conclusion

In summary, this study comprehensively characterizes LHCGR variants, revealing genotype-phenotype correlations and informing clinical management of LCH. In 46,XY LCH patients, pubertal LH inaction is uniform with variable severity of antenatal hCG inaction. Few mutant LHCGR have differential actions for LH and hCG.
Endocrine cancer trends 1990–2021: global disparities and health inequalities
Authors: Liu Dingwen , Zhou Liang , Li Cheng , Li Youyou , Liu Jiahao , Zhou Lei , Tang Jin , Xiong Wei , Wang Long
Published: August 2024

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of global, continental, and national trends in the prevalence and mortality of prostate cancer (PC), breast cancer (BC), and thyroid cancer (TC). Utilizing 2021 Global Burden of Diseases (GBD2021) data, prevalence and death rates for 2021 were examined, with temporal trends from 1990 to 2021 analyzed via Joinpoint regression. Annual percentage change (APC) and average APC (AAPC) were calculated with 95% CI. Distributive inequalities were quantified using the slope index of inequality and concentration index. In 2021, PC, BC, and TC showed higher global age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR) in Europe and America compared to Africa and Asia, while higher age-standardized death rates (ASDR) for PC and BC were noted in Africa. Over the study period, significant global increases in ASPR were observed for PC (AAPC = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67 to 0.89), BC (AAPC = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.24 to 0.37), and TC (AAPC = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.31 to 1.52). Conversely, ASDR significantly decreased for PC (AAPC = −0.83, 95% CI: −0.92 to −0.74), BC (AAPC = −0.48, 95% CI: −0.56 to −0.39), and TC (AAPC = −0.23, 95% CI: −0.29 to −0.17). Variations were observed across continents and time periods, affecting 204 countries and territories. Higher Social Development Index (SDI) levels were associated with a more pronounced burden of these cancers. The findings highlight significant global heterogeneity in prevalence, death rates, and temporal trends of endocrine cancers, with important implications for epidemiology and public health policies.
Transitioning to a public-minded food system
Authors: Dipieri Matilda
Published: August 2024

A vision for a more sustainable, just, and health-promoting food system comes from scholars, activist organizations, and communities alike. However, creating infrastructure and implementing policy that allows for the transition to a healthy, community-minded system comes with significant challenges and opposition, including a neoliberal policy legacy. Understanding the positive health impacts of improving the food system, thus, is crucial to making sense of and addressing the interconnected nature of food and health. The study of alternatives, and how these can be grounded and promoted in public policy, help challenge the notion that health issues in the food system are best solved through charity or technocratic fixes. To illustrate the role of such alternatives this paper draws on two case studies: the ScarbTO Mrkt Bucks initiative, a civil society group creating a system of subsidized vouchers for wider access to farmers markets at the community level, and the Coalition for Healthy School Food, a network of organizations advocating for federal investment in a universal cost-shared healthy school food program. So far, it is grassroots initiatives that have acknowledged the health issues that their communities face around accessing plentiful, diverse, and nutritious foods. These initiatives can connect local experiences with systemic and structural sources of inequity, leading to a more comprehensive means of change. Creating pathways to sustainable healthy food in public settings, I argue, is central to the wider, global transition to a healthier, more just food system.
Negotiating farm femininity in agricultural leadership
Authors: Braun Jennifer , Caine Ken , Beckie Mary Anne
Published: August 2024

A growing number of women in the Canadian Prairie region are advancing into leadership roles in agriculture, which remains a predominantly male domain. In this research we explore how professionally and managerially employed women in agriculture in the provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta navigate being a leader in an industry characterized by rural hegemonic masculinity. We explore and examine the personal experiences and observations of these women regarding gender, leadership, and the current state of prairie agriculture as it grapples with being more inclusive, diverse, and equitable. We found that to gain legitimacy as a leader in agriculture women are enacting a complex mix of traditional femininity, anti-affirmative action, and masculine-coded farm credibility. Women are required to be both like a man and like a woman to differentiate themselves—both from men and from one another—as they navigate both similarity and difference in their gender performance. Expanding on the work of Mavin and Grandy’s (2016) work on respectable business femininity, we have conceptualized this performance as “respectable farm femininity” to reflect the specific experiences, and previously unexplored domain of women in agricultural leadership (outside of the on-farm contexts that make up the scholarship in this area). These expectations are rooted in more traditional constructions of rural, hegemonic masculinity, but carry important weight in conferring legitimacy to women in agricultural leadership. This has important implications for how women are able to carve out their career path on the way to leadership.
Un-learning and re-learning:
Authors: Overend Alissa , Rai Ronak
Published: August 2024

In this reflexive piece, the authors consider the unexpected lessons learned while undertaking a collaborative research project with their home institution’s Indigenous Learning Centre on urban berry foraging. The faculty member questions the ethics of settlers undertaking this work, even if in collaboration with an Indigenous community, alongside the promises of this work to critical food studies. The practice of urban foraging is understood as a wider metaphor for Indigenous worldview, and for different ways of being and relating. The student’s reflections weave together themes of learning outside the classroom, with family and community, and the holistic aspects of doing research.
A review of food asset maps in Canada
Authors: Li Belinda , Soma Tammara , Payment Raghava , Kumar Srishti , Anderson Nicole , Xu Flora , Piensatienkul Phonpoom
Published: August 2024

Food asset mapping is gaining prominence in Canada as an important planning tool for the evaluation of local food systems. In addition to being used by planners to identify opportunities for improved food security, food asset maps are also valuable references for sourcing food locally, particularly by people experiencing food insecurity. Seventy-three food asset maps were reviewed and categorized based on the types of food assets included as well as design characteristics. Built environment assets such as grocery stores and food banks were included in most maps, as were agriculture-based natural food assets like farms, community gardens, and orchards. However, representations of Indigenous-focussed food assets and natural food assets that are not agriculture-based, such as forests, water bodies, and foraging areas, were generally lacking. The lack of representation of Indigenous perspectives on what is considered a food asset reinforces the values of a settler-colonial food system in food asset maps. The methods for food asset mapping therefore need to be changed from current quantitative practices that largely rely on secondary data sources led by governments and non-profit organizations to collaborative approaches that centre the perspectives of Indigenous peoples and other equity deserving groups.
Reflecting on a decade of Canadian food studies
Authors: Engler-Stringer Rachel , Godin Laurence , Levkoe Charles Z. , Moyer Alexia , Szanto David
Published: August 2024

In this editorial, the Management Team of Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l’alimentation (CFS/RCÉA) looks back across the history of the journal and towards its future. They collectively reflect on the journal’s ethos, its range of publications, and what the future might hold in an effort to promote rigorous scholarship done differently.
Active components and skin care properties of tea seed oil from Camellia sinensis
Authors: Guo Jianjun , Luo Jun , Zhou Yi , Liu Huanhuan , Jin Daochao , Guo Jianjun
Published: August 2024

In China, many tea seeds, the ripe seeds of the tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze), are discarded as agricultural waste. Therefore, the tea seed oil that could have been obtained from tea seeds has also been wasted. To fully understand the content and efficacy of the main active ingredients in tea seed oil (TSO), the chemical composition and activity characteristics of TSO in different areas of Guizhou, China were investigated. The results demonstrated that TSO had high content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and good skincare properties, such as anti-oxidation, anti-ultraviolet, moisturizing, whitening, and bacteriostasis. Furthermore, TSO showed a scavenging effect on reactive oxygen species in mouse fibroblasts cells (L929) and rat cardiomyocytes cells (H9C2). TSO exhibited high biocompatibility and promoted the proliferation and migration of L929. Southwest Guizhou (T4) and southern Guizhou (T6) might be used as high-quality producing areas for cosmetic oil by the weight analysis of each indicator. In summary, as the main producing area of tea in the world, this study helps to alleviate the problem of low oil self-sufficiency in China. The work offers a scientific basis for the in-depth development of TSO, especially in the field of skin care.
Volumetric and energy production assessment of wood in managed forest in the Brazilian arid biome
Authors: Epifanio de Lima Jéssica Lamonnielly Peixoto , Santos Rosimeire Cavalcante dos , Oliveira Castro Renato Vinícius , Corneel Pareyn Frans Germain , Damião Mendes Mônica Cristina , Ferreira Gomes Izabelle Rodrigues , Delatorre Fabíola Martins , Dias Júnior Ananias Francisco , Saloni Daniel
Published: August 2024

There is a growing demand for wood products from forests located in dry regions, which includes the Caatinga, a biome in Northeast Brazil. This study evaluates the relationship between volumetric production, energy potential, and the rotation cycle. Information was collected from forest stands in different stages of regeneration located in an arid region of Brazil. Based on the forest management plan, four fields were selected with post-logging ages of 9, 11, 13, and 16 years. This inventory recorded circumference at chest height, circumference at base height, total height, volume, stored energy, technical cutting age, and rainfall index. The results showed that the species that presented the most significant quantity of stems did not always correspond to those that obtained the most significant amount of biomass. The technical cutting age was determined at 16 years, aiming to maximize wood utilization. Regarding energy density, the 9-year-old field reached 7,281 kcal ha-1, the 11-year-old field obtained 14,448 kcal ha-1, the 13-year-old field recorded 41,526 kcal ha-1, and the 16-year-old field reached 98,190 kcal ha-1. The species that contributed most to energy accumulation included Mimosa tenuiflora with 3,740 kcal m–³, Piptadenia stipulacea with 3,271 kcal m-3, and Cenostigma pyramidale with 3,101 kcal m-3.
Biomass of invasive plants as a resource for the development of the bioeconomy
Authors: Klavins Maris , Purmalis Oskars , Klavina Laura , Niedrite Evelina , Ansone-Bertina Linda
Published: August 2024

The global spread of invasive plants is an important environmental problem and a real threat to biological diversity, with significant impacts on agriculture, forestry, and human and animal health. Invasive plant eradication produces large amounts of plant biomass, which should be safely utilized. The study reviews possibilities for using biomass of invasive plant species in the bioeconomy to safely convert them to items of value. Invasive plant biomass can be used as fuel or for energy production applying either biochemical or thermochemical processing technologies. The biomass of invasive plants also can be used for energy production or isolation of biologically active components. Invasive plants contain many groups of substances providing their defense potential against predators; these substances participate in metabolic regulation processes and others. Amongst the substances of interest for bioeconomy are lipids, polyphenols, alkaloids, carbohydrates, plant fibers, and essential oils. In the development of invasive plant biomass utilization strategies, the bio-based value pyramid and the waste hierarchy should be considered. Scientific sound strategies of invasive plant management will limit their spread and provide economic benefits via their eradication.
A note on optimal liquidation with linear price impact
Authors: Dolinsky Yan , Greenstein Doron
Published: August 2024

In this note the maximization of the expected terminal wealth for the setup of quadratic transaction costs is considered. First, a very simple probabilistic solution to the problem is provided. Although the problem was largely studied, as far as authors know up to date this simple and probabilistic form of the solution has not appeared in the literature. Next, the general result is applied for the numerical study of the case where the risky asset is given by a fractional Brownian motion and the information flow of the investor can be diversified.
formas das deusas da antiga Palestina/Israel: padrões de representação iconográfica de deusas no Período do Ferro
Authors: Klein Cardoso Silas
Published: August 2024

O artigo apresenta um panorama dos padrões de representação iconográfica de deu- sas sul levantinas do Período do Ferro I-III, i.e., a região atualmente ocupada pelos estados modernos de Israel, Jordânia e Palestina no período de, aproximadamen- te,1130—520 aEC. Destarte, após discutir questões metodológicas na utilização de fontes visuais dessa região e período, o artigo discute duas das principais tensões hermenêuticas do estudo de deusas, especificamente, a conceituação do “feminino”, geralmente essencializado, e do “divino”, geralmente “monolatrizado” na história e arqueologia da religião sul levantina antiga. A partir da discussão conceitual, cinco complexos de ideias advindos da iconografia são discutidos, demonstrando a onipre- sença e ação multifacetada de deusas em diversos domínios da vida social e privada.
“No dejarás vivir a la bruja” (Éxodo 22,17). La difícil relación con lo diverso
Authors: Schiavo Luigi
Published: August 2024

Magia y brujería, rechazadas como peligrosas por las religiones institucionales del Oriente Medio, sobrevivieron en el medio popular, donde gozaban de mucha credibi- lidad y aceptación. Este conflicto evidencia la difícil relación con lo diverso, lo extra- ño, lo alternativo, que, en el contexto judaico, se vuelve más amargo en relación a la mujer bruja, por su capacidad de seducción y de perversión. El presente trabajo enfo- ca el proceso de demonización que acaba con el mandado de eliminación de la bruja. Y plantea una ética de la diversidad, que se apoya en otra propuesta paradigmática, desde la complejidad, la pluralidad, la interrelacionalidad, donde la figura del otro, se vuelve central por sus diversidades y una oportunidad de hacer surgir algo nuevo.
Tu és o Senhor que esmaga as guerras (Judite 9,7) Guerra Nenhuma é Santa
Authors: Galazzi Sandro
Published: August 2024

Guerra santa quer dizer guerra dos deuses. As piores guerras são aquelas feitas em nome, o de acordo, com um monoteísmo excludente que não aceita nem suporta dife- renças: é o monoteísmo das religiões que, desde sempre, foi mecanismo de opressão e de controle das consciências, em vista de um projeto de domínio universal, levado adiante pelo povo “eleito” que deve converter os outros povos ou, se não se conver- terem, exterminá-los, entregando-os, assim, a Deus, num anátema sagrado, queiram eles ou não queiram. Falar em guerra santa, então, quer dizer falar de quem é o “nosso Deus” cuja violência é narrada e exaltada e, no mesmo tempo, significa dizer quem é o “povo de Deus” ao lado do qual ele luta e que ele salva. A guerra santa é, assim, um verdadeiro lugar teológico.
Initiating or Switching to Insulin Degludec/Insulin Aspart in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in the Philippines
Authors: Nicodemus Jr. Nemencio , Ang-Golangco Nerissa , Aquitania Grace , Ardeña Gregory Joseph Ryan , Dampil Oliver Allan , Fernando Richard Elwyn , Flor Nicole-Therese , Kho Sjoberg , Matawaran Bien , Mirasol Roberto , Panelo Araceli , Pasaporte Francis , Puno-Rocamora Mercerose , Shoeb Ahsan , Tolentino Marsha
Published: August 2024

Objectives. Blood glucose levels of the majority of Filipino patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remain uncontrolled. Insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) is a fixed‑ratio co-formulation of the long‑acting basal insulin degludec and the rapid-acting prandial insulin aspart. The real-world ARISE (A Ryzodeg® Initiation and Switch Effectiveness) study investigated clinical outcomes across six countries in people with T2D who initiated IDegAsp. This publication presents the clinical outcomes of the Filipino cohort from a subgroup analysis of the ARISE study.
Methodology. This 26-week, open-label, non-interventional study examined outcomes in adults with T2D initiating or switching to IDegAsp (N=185) from other antidiabetic treatments per local clinical guidance.
Results. Compared with baseline, there was a significant improvement in glycated hemoglobin at the end of study (EOS) (estimated difference [ED] −1.4% [95% confidence interval −1.7, −1.1]; P<0.0001). Fasting plasma glucose (ED −46.1 mg/dL [−58.2, −34.0]; P<0.0001) and body weight (ED −1.0 kg [−2.0, −0.1]; P=0.028) were significantly reduced at EOS compared with baseline. IDegAsp was associated with a decrease in the incidence of self-reported healthcare resource utilization. Adverse events were reported in eight (4.3%) participants.
Conclusions. Initiating or switching to IDegAsp was associated with improved glycemic control, lower body weight, and lower HRU for people with T2D in the Philippines. No new, unexpected AEs were reported.
R243W Mutation in Thyroid Hormone Resistance Syndrome Beta
Authors: Ong Jia Cheng , W Omar W Mohd Hilmi , Tuan Ismail Tuan Salwani , Chatterjee Krishna , Hussain Suhaimi
Published: August 2024

A three-year-old female with a history of recurrent tonsillitis was investigated for failure to thrive and global developmental delay. Clinically, she had a triangular face with low-set ears and intermittent tachycardia. She had growth failure with her weight under the third centile while her height was within normal limits. Other systemic examinations were unremarkable. The presence of an elevated free T4 (FT4) with an inappropriately high thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in this patient raised the clinical suspicion of Thyroid Hormone Resistance Syndrome. DNA sequencing confirmed the diagnosis, which showed R243W gene mutation in Thyroid Hormone Receptor-Beta1 (THRB1).
Before Low Serum Cortisol Can Be Attributed to SARS-Cov-2 Infection, Alternative Causes Must Be Ruled Out
Authors: Finsterer Josef , Mohana Sundaram Arun Sundar , Mehri Sounira
Published: August 2024

We read with interest Banu et al.,’s article about a cross-sectional study of adrenal function using blood levels of cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in 91 patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. It was found that 27% of patients with severe COVID-19, 26% with mild COVID-19 and 4% with moderate COVID-19 had adrenal insufficiency. Decreased cortisol reserve was found in 6.6% of all patients. It was concluded that the adrenocortical response was impaired in a significant number of non-critically ill COVID-19 patients, with the percentage being highest in patients with severe COVID-19 disease.1 The study is impressive, but some points should be discussed.
The major limitation of the study is that imaging of the pituitary gland and hypothalamus was not performed. To rule out pituitary adenoma, hypophysitis, pituitary apoplexy, pituitary abscess, sellar tuberculoma, or hypothalamic stroke or bleeding, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus with contrast agent must be performed. Like any other infection, SARS-CoV-2 infection can trigger the appearance of symptoms of a pituitary pathology.2
 A second limitation is that imaging of the suprarenal glands was not performed. To assess whether there was adrenal atrophy, adenoma, ischemia, bleeding, or carcinoma, adrenal imaging is mandatory. 3
 A third limitation is that current medication was not reported. Several medications are known to affect serum cortisol levels, making it imperative to know all medications regularly taken by the included patients. Ketoconazole, isilodrostat, vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids in particular are known to be able to reduce cortisol levels in the blood.4
 A fourth limitation is that no ACTH stimulation test was performed to determine whether primary or secondary suprarenal insufficiency was present. Determining cortisol levels alone without ACTH stimulation testing is not reliable with regard to cortical adrenal function.
A fifth limitation is that serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels were not measured. Since DHEA is the antagonist of cortisol and decreases with age, it is conceivable that high levels of DHEA promoted the reduction of serum cortisol.5
Since low thyroxine levels may be associated with low cortisol levels,6 it would also be desirable to know whether thyroid function was normal or abnormal in the included patients.
In summary, the excellent study has limitations that should be addressed before drawing final conclusions. Clarifying the weaknesses would strengthen the conclusions and could improve the study. Serum cortisol levels may be low not only due to SARS-CoV-2 infection but also due to several other causes. Before adrenal insufficiency can be attributed solely to inadequate cortical cortisol production, the entire hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis must be thoroughly examined.
Risk Factors for Perioperative Complications, Treatment Outcomes and Aggressive Behavior of the Tumor in Patients with Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Narayanaswamy Gopinath , Sarma Debanga , Saikia Uma Kaimal , Baro Abhamoni , Bhuyan Ashok Krishna
Published: August 2024

Introduction. Pheochromocytomas are catecholamine-secreting tumors arising from chromaffin cells of the adrenal gland. Surgery is the only curative treatment with a high biochemical cure rate, low mortality and high risk of perioperative complications.
Objectives. To study the demographic characteristics of patients with pheochromocytoma and to identify the risk factors for perioperative complications, treatment outcomes, and aggressive behavior of the tumor.
Methodology. We retrospectively studied the data of pheochromocytoma patients registered from 2012 to 2022.
Results. In our study, a total of 30 patients with pheochromocytoma were included. The mean age of presentation was 35 ± 12.8 years. Fifty-six percent were females, and the sex ratio was 1.3:1. Pheochromocytoma spells (60%) was the most common complaint, followed by abdominal pain (53%), orthostatic complaints (10%) and incidentalomas (6%). The baseline mean 24-hour urinary total metanephrines was 2963.7 ± 2658 mcg/24 hours, and the mean tumor size was 7.3±0.53 cm. Forty-three percent of patients underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy, while the rest underwent open surgery. The mean Pheochromocytoma of Adrenal gland Scaled Score (PASS) was 3.41 ± 0.28, and 23% had a high risk for malignancy. Among perioperative complications, hypertension crisis (17%) was the most common, followed by posoperative hypotension (13%), hypoglycemia (3%) and right-sided pneumothorax (3%). These patients with complications had higher metanephrine levels (5490 vs. 1880mcg/24 hours, p=0.001). Blood pressure normalized in 50%, and this was associated with male sex, younger age (29.5 vs. 40 years, p=0.03), higher metanephrines (4619 vs. 1855mcg/24 hours, p=0.001) and smaller tumors (5.91 vs. 8.61cm, p=0.046). PASS score greater than or equal to 4 was associated with higher metanephrine levels (5104 vs. 2312mcg/24 hours, p=0.021) and larger tumors (9.28 vs. 6.68 cm, p=0.024). Biochemical cure rate was achieved in 76% of patients after surgery and was associated with older age (37.7 years vs. 27.7 years, p=0.047) and absence of pheochromocytoma spells (100% vs. 61%, p=0.014).
Conclusion. Young age, smaller tumor size and higher metanephrine concentrations were associated with normalization of blood pressure post-surgery. On the other hand, older patients and those without pheochromocytoma spells had better biochemical cure rates. Patients with higher baseline metanephrine levels had increased perioperative complications. More aggressive tumor behavior was associated with higher metanephrine levels and larger tumors. Sex, baseline blood pressure and mode of surgery did not have any influence on treatment outcomes.
Windswept Deformity
Authors: Ferwani Pankaj , Bhushan Jajoo  , Sandeep Shrivastava
Published: August 2024

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in adolescents is rare and has severe manifestations as compared to adults. Skeletal involvement in primary hyperparathyroidism in the form of deformities like genu valgus, genu varus and cubitus varus is rare and limited to case reports and case series. There is only one case of genu varus with genu valgus on the contralateral extremity (windswept deformity) that has been reported to date in the literature.  We report the case of a 19-year-old male who presented with isolated progressive bending of his legs at the knee (windswept deformity) for three years. He was found to have hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia,  high alkaline phosphatase, high intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), normal 25-hydroxy vitamin D level and a normal kidney function test. A diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was made. On imaging studies, a left inferior parathyroid adenoma was localized and was successfully removed surgically. Serum calcium and iPTH normalized post-operatively. The patient is being planned for corrective osteotomy after stabilization of alkaline phosphatase levels.
A COMBINED DESALINATION AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEM BASED ON SOLAR EJECTOR TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Anoop S.L. , Rajagopal Arun Kumar , Kothadia B. Hardik
Published: August 2024

A solar ejector technology-based system that combines refrigeration and desalination was investigated for the present study. The proposed model combined a conventional ejector refrigeration system with a desalination unit to examine its ability to achieve cooling as well as produce clean water. An
analytical model of the ejector was developed using 1D compressible flow equations based on mass, momentum, and energy conservation. The output from the ejector was then fed to a 1D heat exchanger model to compute the clean water production. The analytical model was implemented using the Matlab platform. A 2D axisymmetric numerical simulation of the ejector system was also performed to comprehend the internal flow structures. It has been observed that the entrainment ratio, which is the ratio of the vapor refrigerant's mass flow rate to the motive steam's mass flow rate, falls as the stagnation temperature of the motive steam increases. It was noted that the coefficient of performance (COP) rises as the evaporator temperature rises, but it is seen to decline with the rise in generator temperature. The amount of desalinated water that can be produced with the system was also explored. It was observed that the production of desalinated water increased proportionally with the rise in generator temperature. At a generator temperature of 140°C, the system obtained clean
water at a rate of about 2.9 g/s, which corresponds to a 24.5% mass flow rate of the input steam.
La conciliación como mecanismo de justicia restaurativa
Authors: González Luna Arturo Francisco , Rendón Fuentes Guillermo Arturo , Urzola Mestra Enrique Carlos
Published: August 2024

En esta nota de clase se toma de manera breve el estudio de la conciliación como un mecanismo de justicia restaurativa, a partir de la figura de los mecanismos de justicia restaurativa consagrados en nuestro Código de Procedimiento Penal. Se parte desde los aspectos generales y conceptos inmersos en la figura de la conciliación, como es el del conciliador, las clases de conciliadores, los presupuestos que se exigen para ser conciliador (como su selección, las diferentes clases de conciliación…), hasta llegar a la revisión de la conciliación en el incidente de reparación integral; así como la diferencia entre los procedimientos conciliatorios que se dan en este incidente.
Anthropocene Desire Lines: A Coal Story
Authors: Bremner Lindsay , Cook John
Published: August 2024

In this experimental visual essay, we follow an imaginary lump of coal across space and time from its Gondwanan beginnings, through its extraction from the Talcher Coalfields in Odisha in India, combustion in a thermal power plant in Ennore in Tamil Nadu, and into the future through its multitude of postcombustion afterlives. We do so through the figure of ‘anthropocene desire lines’, which draws on Karen Coelho’s idea of ‘water lines’ (Coelho 2022) and Gabrielle Hecht’s idea of ‘residual governance’ (Hecht 2023), to track how flows of earthly matter that begin in subterranean strata, and, mobilized by ideas of power, growth and national pride, result in indifference towards the molecular colonization of bodies, soils, waters and airs they produce (Mendes 2017). The essay compresses the deep, everyday and future times of coal and its geologic, territorial, microscopic and planetary scales into a single textual/visual narrative. In this way, it draws out simultaneities across time and interconnections across space, as a way of developing a relational Anthropocene imaginary.
PROGNOSTIC ALGORITHM FOR THE FORMATION OF DELAYED PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED INTRAUTERINE DRUG INTOXICATION
Authors: Kashirskaya Elena , Martynovich Natalya
Published: August 2024

Objective: to create prognostic tables for delayed physical development of children who have experienced drug intoxication in the prenatal period. Materials and methods. The research materials are presented by the study group (51 children) and the verification group of children (10 people). The study group consisted of children aged 1 to 14 years who had prenatal exposure to opiates. Research methods included medical history, follow-up observation and statistical processing of the data obtained using the “Statistica 9.0” program. Results. A prognostic algorithm has been created in tabular expression of the most informationally significant 19 risk factors that have both a prognostically significant and leveling effect on the formation of future delays in the child’s physical development. prognostic table of risk data for the development of delayed physical development in children born to drug-addicted women. The obtained data was verified by a verification group. The effectiveness was 90 % (9 prognostic scenarios adequately reflected upcoming events. Conclusion. The developed predictive algorithms for delayed physical development in children who were exposed to opiates in the prenatal period are applicable in the practice of a pediatrician and create a real opportunity to draw up individual scenarios. The data obtained will help to prevent the development of pathology in a timely manner.
THE REHABILITATION ROLE OF ABNORMAL REFLEXES
Authors: Petrov Konstantin , Mitichkina Tat'yana , Ivonina Natal'ya
Published: August 2024

In most post-stroke patients, an increase in muscle tone on the hemiplegic side is accompanied by a revival of tendon reflexes and an expansion of their reflexogenic zone, as well as the appearance of specific abnormal reflexes. All these signs have long been considered when diagnosing damage to the pyramidal system in diseases of the spinal cord and brain, but their rehabilitation significance has not yet been considered. Based on literature data, the clinical and neurophysiological characteristics of known abnormal reflexes were assessed. It is concluded that it is possible to use lively tendon reflexes, as well as tonic reflexes of the foot and hand (Babinsky and its analogues, Mayer's, Klippel – Feil, Larry`s reflexes) in rehabilitation practice. The role of phasic abnormal hand and foot reflexes (Rossolimo's sign and its analogues) in the rehabilitation process is considered insignificant due to their short duration.
The Bradley-Terry Model in Binary Outcome Driven Rankings: An Application in Amateur Hockey
Authors: Meissner Connor , Losak Jeremy
Published: August 2024

Ranking systems serve critical roles in sport settings, most notably in determining playoff participants and seeding. Many ranking methodologies exist that are flexible enough to incorporate many input measures and produce models that are highly predictive of game outcomes. However, there are circumstances—especially for amateur sport leagues—in which more complex inputs are either unavailable or not desirable, as they may lead to adverse performance incentives. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to highlight a ranking methodology that only considers binary game outcomes, i.e., wins and losses. Specifically, we consider the efficacy of the Bradley-Terry Model to efficiently rank sport teams for playoff consideration. We apply this method as a case study to the New England Prep School Ice Hockey Association (NEPSIHA), and compare the accuracy of their current ranking system to the Bradley-Terry model using simulation methods. We show that Bradley-Terry significantly outperforms NEPSIHA’s current method, especially when teams face unbalanced strengths of schedule. This result holds under various league competitive balance distributions.
PREVALENCE OF ECTOPARASITES OF FRY TILAPIA (COPTODON ZILLII) FISHES FROM EUPHRATES RIVER, IRAQ
Authors: Alali Firas , Jawad Marwa , Alsheıkh Sarah Mohammed
Published: August 2024

Ectoparasitic infection represents one of the main challenges to freshwater and marine fish in all areas of the world. This study detected ectoparasite types in Fry Redbelly Tilapia Fishes. The specimens (250) were purchased from a market with a source of fish from the Euphrates River. Fishes were collected from December 2022 until the end of April 2023. The samples were used for macroscopic inspection, gross viscera, and microscopic exam - wet mount of fins, skin, gills and eyes. Ectoparasite species were obtained on fins, skin, and gills, and the eyes had no infection. The total prevalence was 140 (56%) of 250 fish. Significant fish types with weight and length are at (P ≤ 0.05) and (P ≤0.01), respectively. The mean and standard deviation according to weight were 71.4 and 14.7, while according to length, they were 15.6 and 1.9. Non-significant for genders in both types at (P ≥ 0.05). The host Coptodon zillii is infested by four types of ectoparasites were included, with prevalence for each one being Ichthyophthirius sp., 80/250 (32%); Trichodina sp., 30/140 (12%); Dactylogyrus sp., 20/250 (8%); Gyrodactylus sp.10/250 (4%). In conclusion, all parasites, namely single-host types. Management measures should be taken to save the procurement and import from reputable global markets.
Determination of Surface Water Quality Parameters of Creeks in Mogan Lake Basin (Ankara, Türkiye)
Authors: Latifi Dijar , Pulatsü Serap
Published: August 2024

The present research focuses on assessing the environmentally significant Mogan Lake and its feeder creeks water quality parameters, all of which hold recreational importance for Ankara. In light of the findings, a) The ranking of the creeks based on the average parameter values for each creek over three months is as follows: for TSS and TOC: Gölcük > Başpınar > Sukesen > Yavrucak; for TN: Başpınar > Gölcük > Sukesen > Yavrucak; for TP: Gölcük > Sukesen >Başpınar > Yavrucak, b) Based on dissolved oxygen values, Sukesen and Yavrucak Creeks were classified as Class I water quality, while in terms of pH values, all creek waters were in Class I. However, in terms of total phosphorus, they were classified as Class III water quality, c) TP, TOC were found to be controlled by wastewater reaching Başpınar and Sukesen Creek from both settlements and agricultural activities, while wastewater originating from agricultural activities was found to be directly responsible for DO, TN and TSS levels as in Gölcük and Yavrucak Creeks. In this context, monitoring the high TP, TN and TOC values of four creeks in the basin, which are exposed to multiple stressors, is important to protect the water quality of these creeks and to control their contribution to the eutrophication of Mogan Lake.
Effect of low-dose irradiation on lipid quality and fatty acid composition in vacuum-packed hot smoked trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets during cold storage
Authors: Özkütük Ali Serhat , Özyurt Gülsün , Özoğul Yeşim
Published: August 2024

The effects of gamma irradiation at different doses (0, 3 and 5 kGy) on lipid quality and fatty acid composition in vacuum-packed hot smoked rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets during cold storage (2 °C) were investigated. The major fatty acids were identified as palmitic, oleic, linoleic and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA). The fatty acid compositions were not affected by the irradiation process initially. However, the increase on the total saturated fatty acids (SFA) of irradiated fillets was higher than the control group at the end of the storage. While a significant decrease was observed in the control group of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), no change was observed in the groups irradiated with 3 and 5 kGy doses at the end of the storage. The TBA values of 0, 3 and 5 kGy irradiated groups were 1.27, 1.46 and 1.58 mg MA / kg, respectively, the PV values were 6.12, 9.18 and 9.97 meq / kg and the FFA values were 5.36%, 5.67% and 6.10%, respectively, at the end of the storage. Using a combination of techniques to various processed or fresh seafood products will likely play a significant role in enhancing the manufacture of safe meals with extended shelf lives.
Multiprofessional perceptions and barriers to early mobilization in intensive care: a study at a university hospital
Authors: Mendes Fernanda Soares , De Menezes Sara Lucia Silveira , Orsini Marco , Guimarães Fernando Silva
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION: Hospitalization often causes mobility difficulties and hinders daily activities. Progressive mobilization of patients in intensive care units (ICUs) is safe and linked to better clinical and functional outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To assess the perception of a multidisciplinary team in the ICUs of a university hospital regarding early mobilization (EM). METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted using data collected from professionals and students in the ICU of Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro between June and December 2019. Data on EM perception were collected using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact tests were used to analyze the differences between the professional categories. RESULTS: In comparison to physiotherapists (88%), a smaller percentage of physicians (37.5%) and nurses (50%) reported that patients on mechanical ventilation (MV) are mobilized within 48 hours (P<0.05). Additionally, a smaller percentage of physicians and nurses reported that their workload was sufficient to mobilize patients at least once a day (62.5% vs. 62.5% vs. 96%; P<0.05). Physiotherapists reported more frequently than physicians that “patients undergoing procedures” were a barrier (57.7% vs. 18.7%; P<0.05). Conversely, regarding mechanical ventilation (MV), physicians identified this barrier more frequently (43.7% vs. 7.7%; P<0.05). There was overall agreement on the benefits of EM (>80%), with the main perceived barriers being the availability of professionals (58%), the clinical condition of patients (55%) and patients undergoing procedures (45%). CONCLUSION: In a university hospital without an established EM protocol, the multidisciplinary team showed satisfactory knowledge and perceptions of EM. However, creating institutional protocols and guidelines is essential to engage multidisciplinary teams in implementing EM and overcoming barriers.
Parasitological Consequences Followed Dysentery Infections in Mesopotamia
Authors: Mays Kadhim Oleiwi , Samadov Aabdic
Published: August 2024

When compared to the opposing addresses in this research report, the present investigation revealed significant data (p < 0.05) about dysenteric infection rates in male patients, elderly patients, and rural places. Additionally, the infections with dysenteric agents were demonstrated using GSE and deoxycholate citrate agar media. The hypothesis is positioned beneath the statistical pyramid probability center by more structural research.
Determination of Lethal and Effective Concentrations (LCx and ECx) of Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants in Parhyale hawaiensis v1
Authors: Lawan Ibrahim
Published: August 2024

This protocol outlines a robust methodology for assessing the acute toxicity of selected Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the tropical marine amphipod P. hawaiensis. The procedure integrates standard OECD guidelines with adaptations specific to marine species and includes sex-specific 96-hour static-renewal tests to determine LCx and ECx values. The protocol covers all aspects, from initial range-finding tests to the final selection of PAH concentrations, addressing potential sex-based differences in PAH susceptibility, an area often underexplored in ecotoxicological studies. Advanced statistical analyses and stringent quality control measures are incorporated to ensure high reproducibility and reliability. This protocol is designed to enhance our understanding of PAH toxicity in marine environments, thereby contributing to evidence-based environmental management strategies.
A simple and rapid protocol for real-time PCR detection of monkeypox virus (all clades including Ib) v1
Authors: Bhatia Sudhir , Baersch Gudrun
Published: August 2024

Monkeypox virus is re-emerging. It is causing outbreaks again in many countries, especially in African countries such as Congo, and poses a threat to other countries as immunity from the smallpox vaccine is not present in the entire world population. This is why the World Health Organization has declared a state of emergency because its clade Ib is spreading worldwide. It is essential to test various samples, especially skin lesions, for this virus and perform differential diagnosis, e.g. cowpox virus, varicella zoster virus and Mycobacterium leprae, which cause similar symptoms. We show the protocol for monitoring this virus for research studies with our real-time PCR that detects all clades including recent clade Ib. The user can analyze its old pathological samples too. Developing a highly specific test for monkey pox virus is a challenge as most of tests are likely to cross react with very closely related pathogens like cow pox virus, varicella zoster virus, variola etc, so they can deliver false positive results. Even many tests available in the literature cannot properly detect this virus, as they target the region affected by mutations. Such tests give false negative results. The user must take care of this point.
Quantification of varietal aroma compounds, oak markers, and Strecker aldehydes in wines by SPE and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometrytry v1
Authors: Thibon Cécile , Suhas Emilie , Pons Alexandre
Published: August 2024

This protocol outlines the conditions for the assaying volatile impact compounds in white and red wines by gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS). This method enables the quantification of volatile thiols (3SH: 3-sulfanylhexanol; 3SHA: 3-sulfanylhexyl acetate; 4MSP: 4-methyl-4-sulfanylpentan-2-one; BM: benzenemethanethiol; E2SA: ethyl 2-sulfanylacetate; and FFT: furfurylthiol), odoriferous oxidation markers (methional, ortho-acetominophenone, and phenylacetaldehyde) in dry white wines, the main furanones and lactones associated with jammy fruit notes in red wines, terpenes (linalool, α-terpineol, nerol, geraniol), C13-norisoprenoids (β-damascenone and β-ionone), and oak wood markers (vanillin, eugenol, whisky lactone, guaiacol, nerol). This method represents an optimization and automation of the one described by Thibon et al (2015).
Solitary fibrous tumor of the prostate: clinical case and literature review
Authors: Firsov K. A. , Salimzyanov F. I. , Khalmurzaev O. A. , Koltunova A. I. , Khvan O. T. , Matveev V. B.
Published: August 2024

Solitary fibrous tumor of the prostate is an extremely rare neoplasm of mesenchymal nature. To date, about 40 cases of this pathology have been described in international literature. Solitary fibrous tumors are asymptomatic for a long time and are usually an incidental radiological examination. To differentiate a solitary fibrous tumor from other mesenchymal neoplasms, it is necessary to conduct an immunohistochemical study to determine STAT6 expression. The main and most effective method of treatment is surgery. In this article we present a unique clinical case of a patient with synchronous tumors: malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the prostate (risk of metastasis (WHO 2020) intermediate); prostate cancer stage II (pT2N0M0R0, Gleason 6 (3 + 3)).
When repeated biopsy dramatically changes treatment tactics in metastatic castration-refractory prostate cancer with neuroendocrine transformation: clinical case and literature review
Authors: Usoltseva I. S. , Parsadanova E. L. , Kim Yu. K.
Published: August 2024

Neuroendocrine neoplasia of the prostate gland is a rather rare neuroendocrine carcinoma characterized by poor prognosis. With an atypical course of prostate adenocarcinoma in certain cases, it is possible to suspect development of secondary neuroendocrine cancer. A timely repeat biopsy and correct diagnosis can affect both the patient’s life expectancy and his quality of life.