bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualifying the benefits of ride-sharing on reducing fleet size
Authors: Hao Shan , Liu Xinglu , Miao Lixin , Chan Wai Kin Victor , Qi Mingyao
Published: May 2021

Reducing the number of operating vehicles in cities has enormous significance on mitigating traffic congestion and environment pollution. Ride-sharing is an efficient way to reduce fleet size in urban areas. In this work, we propose two integer programming models to qualify the benefits of ride-sharing on reducing fleet size. The proposed models are solved by commercial solver Gurobi. Then we conduct a series of instances based on trip records of New York City to test the proposed models. Results indicate that without delaying drop-off times, the fleet size when considering ride-sharing remains almost the same as ride-hailing service for high-density travel demand settings. Whereas the fleet size drops sharply as the demand density decreases. In addition, the number of vehicles required is reduced by nearly 30% regardless of order density under ride-sharing assumptions when a slight delay is allowed.
Applying Residue Theorem to Compute Real Definite Integral
Authors: Dai Nanru , Zhang Yunxing
Published: May 2021

The Residue Theorem is one of the fundamental theorems in complex analysis. It can be used to integrate some types of real functions that are difficult, or even unable, to be expressed in terms of fundamental functions. This paper reevaluates the application of the Residue Theorem in the real integration of one type of function that decay fast.
Adversarial Facial Obfuscation against Unauthorized Face Recognition
Authors: Hao Jingbo , Tao Yang
Published: May 2021

To protect individual privacy from unauthorized face recognition based on DNN models, adversarial facial obfuscation tries to generate an adversarial image with a feature vector differing markedly from the original image in the embedding space and keep perceptually similar between the two images simultaneously. This paper makes a brief survey of adversarial facial obfuscation. The preliminary theory about facial obfuscation is introduced first. With regard to adversarial facial obfuscation, the most important implementation factors consisting of transferability, perceptibility and compression resistance are also presented.
Periodic Solution of Impulsive Predator-Prey Model with Stage Structure for the Prey undercrowding effect
Authors: Yan Yan , Wang Kaihua , Gui Zhanji
Published: May 2021

The theoretical aim of this paper is to study the existence of periodic solution in a predator-prey model with stage structure for the prey under the corresponding impulsive perturbations and undercrowding effect. For this purpose, Mawhin’s continuation theorem has been applied. As the result, the researcher of the paper found a sufficient condition of the existence of periodic solution. Finally, under impulsive control, numerical simulations are given to substantiate this theoretical result. Meanwhile, the phase portrait of this numerical simulations can illustrate various dynamical behaviors of the system.
Improved collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm based on user attributes and K-means clustering algorithm
Authors: Chen Lihong , Luo Yi , Liu Xudong , Wang Weijie , Ni Ming
Published: May 2021

Aiming at the problem of poor performance of collaborative filtering algorithm on data sets with large sparsity, this paper proposes an improved collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm which integrates user attributes and K-means clustering. When considering user similarity, the weight of user attributes is introduced to reduce the impact of data sparsity on similarity calculation. Meanwhile, the characteristics of user’s age, gender and occupation are concerned. At the same time, combined with K-means clustering, the algorithm can further improve the accuracy of the recommendation model.
A study on credit risk assessment and credit decision making based on micro, small and medium enterprises
Authors: Wang Jiachen
Published: May 2021

Micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) have flourished in recent years and are an important force in the composition of our economy, but they are naturally high in default, banks need to predict the credit risk of each enterprise in order to arrive at a safe, appropriate and efficient credit strategy. This paper mainly studies the data in the input invoices and output invoices of a company obtained by a bank. After screening, classification, and summary, the company’s profit rate and the stability of supply and demand are calculated, and then a regression model is established by combining the company’s reputation level and whether it is in default. This model helps banks predict credit risks and obtain credit strategies.
An Algorithm of Object Detection Based on Regression Learning for Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Wang Jiajia , Wu Ran , Yu Xiaqiong
Published: May 2021

Saliency detection method is widely used in the field of object detection. It can greatly improve the efficiency of detection by extracting the region that may contain the objects and reduce the processing of background area. It is very difficult to detect the airports in remote sensing image for its changeable structure and complex background. Considering this situation, this paper proposes a object detection method of saliency model based on regression learning, this method extracts salient regions that may contain airports, and then detects salient regions through feature bag model. Our method uses super-pixel segmentation, minimization of absolute shrinkage and selection operator and hierarchical learning theory based on back-propagation. The salient regions that contain potential objects are extracted and sent to the feature bag model for classification. and it can location the final objects. This paper constructs the airport training dataset and test dataset, and the experimental results fully prove the effectiveness and superiority of this method.
Vehicle Trajectory Extraction in Traffic Scene Based on Monocular Vision
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhao Liang
Published: May 2021

Accurately extracting the trajectory information of multiple vehicles in urban traffic videos is of great significance in applications. It can help analyze and predict drivers’ behavior, count road flow, and restore accident scenarios. However, due to the complexity of the interaction between vehicles and the environment, it is still a challenging problem to accurately extract the trajectory of multi-target vehicles in urban traffic scenes, which often requires the assistance of a variety of different devices, which increases the practicality and difficulty of application. A method is proposed based on the combination of detection and tracking. This method only needs to use a video stream captured by a fixed panoramic camera and the coordinate information of several feature points in the scene to extract the speed and trajectory information of the vehicle in the scene. Different optimization methods are used in each link to reduce errors, and build a simulation environment for the test scenario, reconstruct and verify the extracted trajectory information in the simulation environment. Experiments have proved that the effect of the method is basically satisfactory. It has the advantages of fewer constraints, convenient deployment, and accurate restoration while ensuring a certain real-time performance, which has practical engineering significance.
Make up for Anime Character with CycleGAN, BeautyGAN and U-GAT-IT
Authors: Chen Yijia , Gong Rui
Published: May 2021

Image-to-Image translation is a class of problems which aim to translate images from domain A into domain B. Some methods have been proposed to solve these problems, each of which being skilled in some specific tasks, e.g., CycleGAN for translating images into Monet style, U-GAT-IT for translating selfies into anime characters. This paper discusses how to finish an A→B task through combining an A→C approach and a C→B approach, and carries out experiments on generating anime characters with makeup from selfies combining CycleGAN, BeautyGAN and U-GAT-IT. The result shows that sequence is a key factor in our approach, and the reason why different sequences produce different results is analyzed.
Application and Simulation of Fourier Analysis in Communication Circuit
Authors: Jing Zhang , Binbin Tao
Published: May 2021

This article mainly studies the application of Fourier analysis theory in wireless communication circuits. Firstly, the relevant basic theories of Fourier analysis are introduced, including the decomposition of periodic signal, the modulation characteristic of Fourier transform, and the system function; then the relevant applications of Fourier theory in communication circuits are introduced, such as high-frequency resonant power amplifier, amplitude modulation, demodulation and mixing, low-pass filter. Finally, the application of Fourier theory in communication circuits is simulated and analyzed through Multisim circuit simulation software.
Application of principal component analysis in evaluation of epidemic situation policy implementation
Authors: Chen Jiaqi , Gong Fen , Xiang Shaojun , Yu Ting
Published: May 2021

In order to study the impact of various policies issued by the government on epidemic prevention and control, we first considered them from three aspects: the degree of leniency of policies, the degree of stringency of policy implementation and the degree of self-consciousness of individuals, broken down into 10 indicators, designed a questionnaire to collect relevant data. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), 4 principal components were extracted from 10 indexes, and the scores and total scores of each principal component were obtained. Finally, the corresponding suggestions are given.
New energy vessel routing and optimization for marine debris collection under uncertain environment
Authors: Wei Yue-jiao , Duan Gang , Tao Ling , Chen Xiao-hui , Fan Tao
Published: May 2021

In this paper, the method of logistics network is adopted to optimize the route of marine debris collection by liquefied natural gas hybrid vessels. We regarded the weight of marine debris as a random variable, took capacity constraint as chance constraint, considered tank capacity, time window and carbon emission constraints, and established a model with the objective of minimizing the total cost. After transforming the random chance constraint into a deterministic constraint, a large-scale neighborhood search algorithm was used to solve it. The model was verified by taking the Yellow Sea as an example, and the results showed that the best collection time can save 21.74% of total cost and 22.47% of travel time. Compared with pure diesel vessels, liquefied natural gas vessels can save costs by 32.98% and reduce carbon emission by 28.65%. Vessel types with the best capacity can save costs by 22.07% and reduce carbon emission by 25.53%.
A Differential Inequality for the Solution of Monge Ampère Equation on Riemannian Manifold
Authors: Xuemei Yu
Published: May 2021

In three-dimensional Riemannian manifolds with constant curvature, the elliptic Monge amp è re equation satisfying the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary value condition is studied. Under certain conditions, an estimate related to the solution of the equation is made, and a detailed proof of differential inequality is given.
Construction of Fungal Decomposition Model
Authors: Tang Zongxuan , Feng Zejing , Shi Shangyang , Zhang Linli
Published: May 2021

Fungi, as the key factor to decompose lignocellulosic fibers, play an important role in the carbon cycle of the whole earth, and are an important part of life on the earth. In this paper, we consider all kinds of factors affecting the decomposition rate of fungi, combined with Monod equation, and fit the linear relationship between the decomposition rate of a single fungal population and time through data; transform the temperature and humidity that independently affect the growth rate into a product relationship with higher coupling degree; establish a fungal classification model of competition among multiple populations, and extend the existing conclusions.
Study on Bending Beam Delayed Cracking of Ultra High-strength DP Steel for Automotive Use
Authors: Rongchun Wan , Yimeng Fang , Liming Fu , Baoshan Cao , Qingyan Ma , Xun Gong
Published: May 2021

Automobile lightweight project can effectively reduce energy consumption and exhaust emission, but it will reduce automobile safety. Therefore, using a large number of high-strength or ultra-high-strength steels in automobiles is an effective way to give consideration to both lightweight and safety. Delayed cracking is a symptom-free cracking phenomenon, which is extremely destructive. It is necessary to evaluate the delayed cracking performance of ultra-high strength steel before it is used. In this paper, the delayed cracking properties of three ultra-high strength dual-phase steels DP780, DP980 and DP1180 for automobile are studied by bending beam delayed cracking test. The experimental results show that the delayed cracking resistance of DP780, DP980 and DP1180 steel becomes worse in turn, and DP1180 steel has the worst delayed cracking resistance. In addition, the content and morphology of martensite will affect the delayed cracking performance. The morphology of martensite in the tested steel is lathy, and the higher the martensite content, the worse the delayed cracking resistance of the steel.
Analysis and Research Based on Automobile Battery Tester
Authors: Mingyu Lu
Published: May 2021

The car battery tester is an important equipment to detect the battery power and health status. The test methods are divided into two types: the traditional test method and the conductivity meter test. At present, most of the batteries in cars are lead-acid batteries. Its biggest feature is that the aging speed is too fast during use, especially when the battery capacity drops to 80% of its original capacity. Decline, although the electricity is not completely exhausted, and it can still supply energy, there is a risk of scrapping at any time. For the entire car, the role of the battery is very important and irreplaceable. Although the cost is not high, the status is not low. Through the analysis and research of the car battery tester, a simple and effective method can be obtained to detect whether the car battery is still good. Good preparations for replacing the batteries that will be scrapped in advance will help reduce car damage and contribute to the country’s GDP.
The Prediction of the Elevator Fault Based on Improved PSO-BP Algorithm
Authors: Bai Dingsong , An Ziliang , Wang Ning , Liu Shaofeng , Yu Xintong
Published: May 2021

In accordance with the problem of worst at the convergence of BP Neural Network, the elevator fault-prediction-model is proposed based on Improved PSO-BP Algorithm in this paper. The method uses mathematical operation mechanism to analyze the characteristic be studied. Then the prediction model of elevator fault based on the Improved PSO-BP Algorithm is established. This paper tests the same data by using different elevator fault prediction models. The experimental results show that the method has higher accuracy and convergence. This paper provides a method of fault prediction elevator reliability.
Improved strength and toughness of bioinspired Bouligand architecture composite by discontinuous carbon fiber
Authors: Zhang Xingyuan , Wen Zhen , Li Yongcun , Luan Yunbo , Zhang Qi
Published: May 2021

Strength and toughness are a pair of incompatible contradictions for most structure materials, and exploring the combined optimization strategy of strength and toughness of materials is a frontier research topic in the field of lightweight structure materials. Here, inspired by natural organisms, a novel hierarchical structure design scheme of the lightweight material that combines the helical layered Bouligand architecture inside the mantis shrimp rods with the “brick-mortar” staggered laminated structure of shell nacre was proposed. The deformation failure and energy absorption characteristics of this composite were compared with those of a single helical laminated structure material under bending load. It shows that, in the process of deformation and failure, the samples with both “brick-mortar” staggered laminated structure and helical laminated structure can improve their internal stress distribution and load transfer efficiency, alleviate local stress concentration and delay material failure, so as to realize the optimization of material strength and toughness. These research results have positive guiding significance for the internal structure design and performance optimization of lightweight and high-strength/toughness materials.
Design and analysis of positioning manipulator structure for vascular interventional surgery robot system
Authors: Yu Haoyang , Li Xiaolin , Yao Michenyang , Wang Hongbo , Niu Jianye , Chang Jingyuan , Wang Jiawei
Published: May 2021

The positioning manipulator is an important part of the minimally invasive vascular interventional surgical robot system. In order to make the surgical robot system have high safety, convenience and accuracy, this paper designs a modular light weight manipulator as a positioning manipulator, which is used to realize the positioning and movement of the propulsion device. First, according to the requirements of the operation, the degree of freedom and configuration method of the manipulator are determined, and the configuration design and parameter selection of the manipulator are completed. Then, according to the structural characteristics of the articulated robot, the D-H parameter method and the inverse transformation method are used to analyze the kinematics of the manipulator and its working space are analyzed. On this basis, the manipulator is analyzed by finite element and verified by static simulation. Finally, the positioning manipulator can realize the function of dragging in its working space by hand to achieve the target pose.
Quantum properties of two-dimensional linear harmonic oscillator in polar coordinate system
Authors: Xie Kaiqiang , Zheng Xingrong , Chen Jingtong , Li Yujie
Published: May 2021

Using quantum theory and MATLAB software, the basic properties of two-dimensional linear harmonic oscillators in quantum mechanics are systematically studied in polar coordinate system, and obtain the visualized results. The results show that, in polar coordinate system, with the exception of special case nr
=0, |m|=0, the degeneracy of two-dimensional linear harmonic oscillator is 2nr
+|m|+1, and the corresponding energy eigenvalues is ħω (2nr
+|m|+1). The number of intersection line between wave function and the plane with ψ=0 is 2nr
+m. In the case of nr
=0, the maximum number of probability density distributions is 2|m|. The results of this visualization are in complete agreement with the theoretical results. The visualization results in different coordinate systems can be verified with each other, which opens up a new research idea and also provides an idea for other quantum theoretical models to be studied.
Research on Characteristics of Hefei Road Traffic Flow Based on GIS
Authors: Jiang Shengyue , Lu Mingyu
Published: May 2021

Taking the whole road network traffic system in Hefei as the research object, based on GIS (Geographic Information System) traffic flow big data, this paper analyzes and compares the van aerde traffic flow model. The characteristics of urban road traffic flow are compared and analyzed according to road grades, working days, holidays and seasonality, which lays a foundation for further research on driving conditions and travel rules of automobile users in Hefei.
Welding procedure research of zirconium tube-to-tubesheet
Authors: Chengjun Jiang , Xin Wang , Xiaolong Xue , xiaoli Zhang
Published: May 2021

The welding characteristics of zirconium tube-to-tubesheet, the joint structure and quality influencing factors are analyzed in the paper. The automatic pulsed GTAW procedure are formulated and examined by welding sample test. The tube-to-tubesheet procedure is qualified by joint surface inspection, joint sections observation, height measurement of the weld metal and metallographic examination. It has the great significance of the successful welding procedure qualification to guide the actual manufacture of R60702 zirconium heat exchanger.
Numerical solution explore of rigid flexible coupling multi-body system dynamic model
Authors: Qian Sun , Lu Mingyu
Published: May 2021

This paper analyzes and discusses the problems related to the numerical solution of the rigid flexible coupling multibody system dynamic model. In order to solve the problems of high frequency oscillation and large calculation amount in the solution of the rigid ordinary differential equations, it tries to improve the explicit Runge Kutta method, and applies the Gill method to solve the dynamic differential equations. And confirmed by a case study: In the process of numerical solution of rigid-flexible coupling multi-body system dynamics model, the improved GILL method has small truncation error, fast integration speed and small computation amount. It can provide important basis for the subsequent algorithm improvement and optimization, which deserves the attention of the professional.
Effect of Ni addition on microstructure evolution Keyhole-GTAW WM of a duplex stainless steel
Authors: Li Fangpo , Wang Bangyu , Han Laihui , Han Tao , Lou Yuxin
Published: May 2021

To improve the phase balance in the weld metal of keyhole gas tungsten arc welding (K-GTAW) joint, the Ni element was added in a form of pasting a certain width and thickness (depending on the added content) of nickel band on the I-type groove. The results show that three different convection zones along thickness direction, which are the Marangoni convection, a convection driven by Lorentz force, as well as a transition layer. And then the chemical composition (Ni element content) and solidification mode transform along thickness direction. Therefore, the lathy, acicular and Widmanstätten austenite, in turn, appear along thickness direction. Meanwhile, the intensity of Kurjdumov-Sachs (K-S) orientation relationships ORs dominants gradually.
Implementation of metal ductile damage criteria in Abaqus FEA
Authors: Li Fukun , Yuan Hao , Liu Huijuan
Published: May 2021

Ductile damages often happen on metal structures under large deformations. In the current paper, the ductile damage criteria are discussed from the microscopic mechanism to metal ductile fracture models. Abaqus FEA makes the metal ductile damage criteria easy to be applied for practical problems. Therefore, the paper finally presents the detailed implementation of the ductile damage criteria in Abaqus FEA to describe the metal damage and degradation, simulating the ductile failure process with higher fidelity.
Recent progress on charge-reversal polymeric nanocarriers for cancer treatments
Authors: Sun Qingmei , Zhu Yunqing , Du Jianzhong
Published: May 2021

Nanocarriers (NCs) for delivery anticancer therapeutics have been under development for decades. Although great progress has been achieved, the clinic translation is still in the infancy. The key challenge lies in the biological barriers which lie between the NCs and the target spots, including blood circulation, tumor penetration, cellular uptake, endo-/lysosomal escape, intracellular therapeutics release and organelle targeting. Each barrier has its own distinctive microenvironment and requires different surface charge. To address this challenge, charge-reversal polymeric NCs have been a hot topic, which are capable of overcoming each delivery barrier, by reversing their charges in response to certain biological stimuli in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, the triggering mechanisms of charge reversal, including pH, enzyme and redox approaches are summarized. Then the corresponding design principles of charge-reversal NCs for each delivery barrier are discussed. More importantly, the limitations and future prospects of charge-reversal NCs in clinical applications are proposed.
The importance of health co-benefits under different climate policy cooperation frameworks
Authors: Scovronick Noah , Anthoff David , Dennig Francis , Errickson Frank , Ferranna Maddalena , Peng Wei , Spears Dean , Wagner Fabian , Budolfson Mark
Published: May 2021

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions has the ‘co-benefit’ of also reducing air pollution and associated impacts on human health. Here, we incorporate health co-benefits into estimates of the optimal climate policy for three different climate policy regimes. The first fully internalizes the climate externality at the global level via a uniform carbon price (the ‘cooperative equilibrium’), thus minimizing total mitigation costs. The second connects to the concept of ‘common but differentiated responsibilities’ where nations coordinate their actions while accounting for different national capabilities considering socioeconomic conditions. The third assumes nations act only in their own self-interest. We find that air quality co-benefits motivate substantially reduced emissions under all three policy regimes, but that some form of global cooperation is required to prevent runaway temperature rise. However, co-benefits do warrant high levels of mitigation in certain regions even in the self-interested case, suggesting that air quality impacts may expand the range of possible policy outcomes whereby global temperatures do not increase unabated.
A Hamiltonian approach for obtaining irreducible projective representations and the k ⋅ p perturbation for anti-unitary symmetry groups
Authors: Yang Zhen-Yuan , Yang Jian , Fang Chen , Liu Zheng-Xin
Published: May 2021

As is known, the irreducible projective representations (Reps) of anti-unitary groups contain three different situations, namely, the real, the complex and quaternionic types with torsion number 1, 2, 4 respectively. This subtlety increases the complexity in obtaining irreducible projective Reps of anti-unitary groups. In the present work, a physical approach is introduced to derive the condition of irreducibility for projective Reps of anti-unitary groups. Then a practical procedure is provided to reduce an arbitrary projective Rep into direct sum of irreducible ones. The central idea is to construct a Hermitian Hamiltonian matrix which commutes with the representation of every group element g ∈ G, such that each of its eigenspaces forms an irreducible representation space of the group G. Thus the Rep is completely reduced in the eigenspaces of the Hamiltonian. This approach is applied in the k ⋅ p effective theory at the high symmetry points (HSPs) of the Brillouin zone for quasi-particle excitations in magnetic materials. After giving the criterion to judge the power of single-particle dispersion around an HSP, we then provide a systematic procedure to construct the k ⋅ p effective model.
Brutalism in the Architecture of Polish Churches
Authors: Niebrzydowski Wojciech
Published: May 2021

The main research problem presented in the article is the impact of brutalism on sacral architecture in Poland. The author analyses six churches built in the second half of the 20th century. In addition, he compares their features with the global brutalist trend of this period. The following churches were examined in the article: Church of St. Michael in Sopot, Church of Our Lady the Queen of Poland in Kraków – Nowa Huta, Church of St. Jan Kanty in Poznań, Church of Our Lady of Sorrows in Łódź, Church of St. Jadwiga the Queen in Kraków, Church of St. Joseph the Worker in Kielce. The brutalist style in architecture was initiated in the 1950s. It was based on Le Corbusier’s post-war buildings and the architectural program developed by Alison and Peter Smithson called the New Brutalism. The brutalist style quickly spread throughout the world, reaching its apogee in the 1960s. In Poland, however, it was introduced relatively late and to a limited extent. Its influence is particularly visible in the architecture of Polish universities, apartment buildings, but most of all churches. The search for original, monumental forms of contemporary religious buildings coincided with such features of brutalism as individualism, strong expression and the use of raw materials. The new churches had to be different from the clichéd, standard and often repeatable buildings of socialist modernism. Brutalist architects in other countries followed similar assumptions. They rejected machine aesthetics of functionalism and preferred dramatized, complex forms. Based on the analysis of the presented churches, brutalist features and elements characteristic of Polish sacral architecture were indicated, including: monumentality, massive plasticity, complexity, strong chiaroscuro effects, expressive and sculptural forms, exposure of internal functions in building facades, emphasizing the importance of movement and articulating elements of pedestrian circulation, preferring craftsmanship over industrial methods. Architects often created rhythms on facades by repeating structural elements, and also introduced reinforced concrete details such as: roofs, gargoyles, window frames, brise soleil and ondulatoires. They favored rough and picturesque textures of concrete, brick and stone.
Harmonization of Conflicts in Contact Zones Between Dense Urban Landscape and Protected Natural Areas; Case Study Devinska Kobyla (Bratislava, Slovakia)
Authors: Turzova Maria , Gazova Daniela , Husar Milan
Published: May 2021

This paper explores the processes of harmonization of the interests of green infrastructure and urban development of specific areas at the urban fringe. The case study of Devinska Kobyla (Natura 2000 site) is located within the landscape with a high density of urbanization in Bratislava located in close proximity to the protected areas of Little Carpathians. The management and planning of contact zones are one of the tools for avoiding fragmentation of the landscape, but one of its limitations in practice is that the concept of contact zones of urban and natural structures [1] is not properly reflected in the existing policies, despite huge conflicts threatening the conservation areas. Therefore, the conflicting behaviour and multi-actor decision-making of stakeholders with conflicting interests, such as residents and vacationers, environmentalists, municipalities, developers and activists lead to fragile sustainability of these areas. Consequently, there is a need to cultivate the spaces - to develop them into deeper levels of understanding, participation and sharing [2] - by a thorough impact assessment, visionary planning, innovative design and sensitive management in the complexity. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations projected in the plan of measures for sustainable development of natural areas of Bratislava urban fringe developed in cooperation with local key stakeholders (Daphne and BROZ NGOs) [3] and State Nature Conservancy of the Slovak Republic as the Natura 2000 Bratislava partners. Using the methods of the field research, analysing historical and existing characteristics of the sites, participation of residents and visitors and consulting with experts, the landscape planning design proposal had been developed. The project segments – the buffer zones – were designed in greater details. These buffer zones respect both the values of nature and also human demands on democratic, accessible places with more opportunities for sociability, involving the concept of learning landscape design. The paper contributes to the debates on practical examples of harmonization of various interests in specific locations of contact zones by design and planning, minimising fragmentation of ecological corridors, solving it by spatial planning and landscape design.
Spatial Planning Tools as a Key Element for Implementation of the Strategy for an Integrated Governance System of Historical Built Areas within the Central Europe Region
Authors: Ondrejička Vladimír , Ladzianska Zuzana , Finka Maroš , Baloga Martin , Husár Milan
Published: May 2021

A strategy represents a plan of actions designed to achieve a long-term vision, mission and related goals according to a generic definition. Regardless of the quality of a strategy, it is still the only plan or framework that needs to be implemented. For reaching the genuine effects and qualities incorporated within the objectives of the strategy, a wide set of integrative tools needs to be considered. Especially, when we are talking about the integrative strategy not only from a territorial point of view but also content, sources, challenges, time or multilevel integration. The strategy for the integrated governance system of historical built areas (later also as HBA) in Central Europe is precisely this type of integrative strategy. The paper is focused on the provision of an overview of available integrative spatial planning tools (socio-economic, land-use, land-scape planning tools) which have the potential to support or realise implementation of the goals. Spatial planning offers wide range of integrative approaches and tools supporting the participation of all groups of stakeholders, which is also a key aspect of successful implementation of this kind of strategies. The article demonstrates this approach on best practice from the city of Poprad (Slovakia) where historical built areas (HBAs) are important parts of the city and the strategy for the integrated governance system of HBA in Central Europe covering also this city. The paper, in particular, summarizes the preliminary outputs of international project BhENEFIT supported by Interreg Central Europe Programme. The project is focused on improving sustainable management approaches of historic built areas and looking for novel solutions improving decision-making and managing processes efficiently, through a strategy-based approach and effective monitoring and assessing, risk prevention, environmental sustainability, conservation and re-use.
The Impact of Sample Compaction Temperatures on the Characteristics of Bituminous Concrete
Authors: Belc Anda Ligia , Marc Paul , Belc Florin , Stirb Adelin
Published: May 2021

The compaction of bituminous layers is the operation that determines the asphalt mixtures to reduce their air voids until the desired density is obtained, at the suitable temperature and with specific equipment, in order to reach the physical-mechanical characteristics designed in well-controlled laboratory conditions. The realization of these objectives can be slightly altered by a number of factors which can intervene during the construction, such as: temperatures in the technological process (production, transportation, laying and compaction), weather conditions (atmospheric temperature, wind, humidity, transport distance), type of compactor (certain types of a single device or complex compaction equipment), thickness of the layer, alteration of the mixture during laying, etc. Most of the research concerning the compaction deals with identifying the factors affecting the site compaction and the way they can influence the realization of the designed density, starting from the premise that the reference results offered by the laboratory are those obtained in standardized conditions. The research presented in the paper aims at emphasizing the way different preparation and compaction temperatures influence the physical-mechanical characteristics of a laboratory prepared asphalt concrete. It started from the question of whether these characteristics are significantly influenced by the temperature variation or if they range between “acceptable” tolerances. For clarification, the authors prepared asphalt concrete samples for the wearing course, according to the Romanian technical standards, at different preparation and compaction temperatures, in laboratory-controlled conditions. The determined physical-mechanical characteristics were: density, voids, water absorption, Marshall stability, water sensitivity, dynamic flow and rigidity. The results obtained confirm that, for most of the determined characteristics, the temperatures used significantly influence the values obtained. Also, the paper presents a comparative study between the results obtained in the mentioned conditions in the case of three different bitumen dosages, which are 4,8; 5,2 and 5,7% binder by the weight of the asphalt mix. It was found that the variation of the binder content introduces an additional altering factor as to the preparation and compaction temperature.
Designing Slab-Column Constructions due to the Possibility of a Progressive Collapse Caused by a Punching
Authors: Wieczorek Miroslaw , Wieczorek Barbara
Published: May 2021

When designing slab-column structures, one of the most important elements is an adequate protection of the support zone. The main problem when designing this zone is the possibility of a punching. This phenomenon is the main cause of failures, damages and progressive collapse of slab-column structures. The article presents standard methods for calculating support zones after a punching. The calculations were verified by a few experimental researches.
Designing of Slab-Column Structures Due to Additional Loads
Authors: Wieczorek Miroslaw
Published: May 2021

The introduction of Eurocodes in the designing practices led to the change of methodology of the floor reinforcement, particularly for slab-column floors. Until now, the most important decisive factor was the determination and arrangement of reinforcement due to the limit states; any other problems were treated as additional information. At present designers - constructors of reinforcement in slab-column structures have to follow Eurocodes (PN-EN 1990:2004, PN-EN 1991-1-1:2004, PN-EN 1991-1-7:2008) in taking into account first and foremost the following threats accidental loadings and fires, as they influence further stages of the designing process. The article presents the most important design guidelines for slab-column structures due to accidental loads.
Status of building information modelling (BIM) in construction practice-UK context
Authors: Qureshi Tanvir , Hasani Muhannad Al
Published: May 2021

This paper presents the level of Building Information Modelling (BIM) practices in the current UK construction industries. A survey was undertaken which contains a series of a self-explanatory questionnaire. The survey analysis provides an understanding of the level of BIM in practice and how BIM can be incorporated in the future construction industries from theory to practice. Findings suggest that most big companies are in the process of adopting BIM at some level of practice, while small companies are dropped behind. BIM is also very much depending on the clients’ demand and the project complexity. Overall, the infrastructure construction industry is moving forward in the direction of complete BIM in practice.
Structural performance of nano-silica based blended CFST stub circular column
Authors: Bisht Himanshu , Gupta Aakash , Srinivas Dodda , Adak Dibyendu
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study is to find the optimum percentage replacement of cement with the nano-silica in a concrete mix to improve the structural performance Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFST) stub circular column under the axial compressive load. The CFST stub columns with circular cross-sectional area of conventional concrete mix (without nS) and nano-silica blended concrete mix (with nS-CFST) had been experimentally and numerically studied. The amorphous silica is a major component of the cementitious materials, and it reacts with the calcium hydroxide, which is comprised of the calcium silicate hydration. The addition of this nano-silica affects the different properties of the concrete and increases its performance. On the other hand, CFST is known for the composite behavior generated between the hollow tube of steel and a core constructed of concrete, which improves the collected performance of the member. In present study, the concrete mix of M25 had been modified with 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% of nano silica. The structural behavior of stub columns (with / without nS) are assessed under axial compressive load. Also, the CFST stub columns were then modelled into ABAQUS for finite element analysis. The nano-silica blended concrete in CFST stub columns showed an improved the structural performance than the conventional cement concrete stub circular CFST column.
Rheological and strength behaviour of red mud - slag geopolymer composites
Authors: Sreelekshmi S , Chandran Remya S , Varghese Sera Rachel , Naeem  , Raju Thushara , Ramaswamy K P
Published: May 2021

Alkali activated concrete (AAC) is accepted as impending alternatives to conventional Ordinary Portland cement concrete in order to limit CO2 emissions as well as beneficiate a number of wastes into useful products. This study aims to explore the possibilities of using red mud, which is a waste product of aluminum manufacturing industry, as a geopolymer solid binder. The fresh properties such as setting time, workability and penetration resistance and the hardened properties like compressive strength and ultra-sonic pulse velocity (UPV) test of various red mud mixes along with fly ash (FA) and slag are found out. Also some of the specimens were immersed in water to check if there is any leaching. From the study it was identified that the mix with 25% red mud and 75% slag gives a better workability and strength characteristics.
Design comparison of conventional steel structure with pre - engineered structure
Authors: Jacob Bishbu , Althaf M
Published: May 2021

The pre-engineered buildings are the steel buildings which are predesigned and prefabricated. For pre-engineered structure the member size is provided as per the requirement at the location and hence the members are tapered in nature. The study is on the design of the pre-engineered structure and its comparison with conventional structure. The objective of the study is to analyze and design a structure as a conventional steel structure and Pre-engineered structure and to compare the design of the structure in terms of structure weight. The use of cold-formed steel sections as secondary members reduces the self-weight of the pre-engineered structure. It was expected that the pre-engineered buildings will be more economical than conventional structure.
Analytical study on seismic response of RC and steel structures with fluid viscous dampers
Authors: Subasini Y , Sivakumar C G
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a comparative study of the performance of Fluid Viscous Damper (FVD) in mitigating the seismic response of both Reinforced Concrete (RC) and Steel structures. The aim of the study is to understand the behavior of the seismic resistant structures and to study the advantages of FVD over other dampers. The study is done to determine the optimum positioning of FVD in order to reduce the storey displacements and storey drifts. G+3, G+5, G+7 RC and steel structures were modeled in SAP2000 software and were subjected to non linear time history analysis under three different earthquake ground motions such as Imperial Valley – 02 (1940), Loma Prieta (1989) and Northridge-01 (1994). The dampers were placed in four different configurations such as alternate (AT), corner (CR), diagonal (DL) and middle (ML). The seismic response parameters such as the storey displacements and the storey drifts were determined for the structures. It is found that the presence of FVD reduces the storey displacement and storey drift values to about 40-70% from the uncontrolled structure. It is also understood that the optimum positioning of the dampers is greatly influenced by the aspect ratio of the building.
Seismic performance of eccentrically braced frames
Authors: David Rinu G , Sarif N
Published: May 2021

The main objective of this research is to assess the seismic performance of Eccentrically Braced Frames of different configurations. Modelled Eccentrically Braced Frames subjected to both linear and nonlinear analysis in SAP 2000. The linear analysis gives an insight to mode shapes and mass participation ratios. The nonlinear analysis includes the pushover analysis, which provides information about the collapse mechanisms and performance points. This study also extended to compare the performance of Eccentrically braced frames with the performance of Special Moment Resisting Frames that helps to understand the structural efficiency of both systems. This study concludes that all selected configurations of Eccentrically braced frames undergo small roof displacement that is well below the target drift whereas SMRF frames will show large displacement. 2D braced EBFs shows a better post yielding behaviour and is more ductile compared to other frame systems. Shear links in the EBF frames increase the stiffness of the frame which in turn results in high base shear demand. Post yielding behaviour of EBF frames can be improved by proper detailing of beam-column joints and link connections which confirms that performance of EBF frames is superior to SMRF frames in seismic areas.
Emerging intrinsic magnetism in two-dimensional materials: theory and applications
Authors: Wei Songrui , Liao Xiaoqi , Wang Cong , Li Jianwei , Zhang Han , Zeng Yu-Jia , Linghu Jiajun , Jin Hao , Wei Yadong
Published: May 2021

The intrinsic magnetism has long been pursued in two-dimensional (2D) materials down to one-atomic layer thickness. But only very recently, the intrinsic magnetism of monolayer CrI3, Fe3GeTe2, FePS3, VSe2 and bilayer Cr2Ge2Te6 are verified in experiment by optical measurement, Raman spectrum and conventional magnetism measurement. Among them, the intralayer exchange interaction of FePS3 is antiferromagnetic while all the others are ferromagnetic. Most of the ferromagnetic orders in these materials are induce by super exchange interaction. Monolayer Fe3GeTe2 and VSe2 exhibit metallic character while all the others are semiconductor or insulator. Stable spontaneous magnetization can exist in these monolayer 2D materials because of their strong anisotropy. The anisotropy is mostly from the strong spin–orbit coupling of heavy atoms (CrI3, Cr2Ge2Te6, Fe3GeTe2). Asymmetric lattice distortion (FePS3) or the increased density of state near Fermi level (VSe2) may also contribute to the anisotropy. The relationship between anisotropy and stable spontaneous magnetization are discussed based on spin wave theory and Mermin-Wagner theorem. About the application, spintronics may be the most direct benefitted field. Considering the relationship between conductance and magnetic structure, the applications related with the transport property are also widely investigated. Similarly, as the coupling between spin, phonon and photon are prominent in these magnetic 2D materials, the applications based on the magnetocaloric effect and magneto-optic effect are promising. And these magnetic 2D materials may be also applied as catalyst in water-splitting or electrode of supercapacitor.
Effect of twin thickness-length ratio on twin-induced dynamic recrystallization of coarse-grained Mg alloys
Authors: Wang C , Xie C , Xie P F
Published: May 2021

In the current study, based on the disclination quadrupole, the thermodynamic process of the necklace-like TDRX structures with smooth and straight boundaries is theoretically modeled. The influence of the applied shear stress and the twin thickness-length ratio on the misorientation angle between TDRX and matrix grain and the volume ratio of TDRX to parent twin band are numerically analyzed and experimentally validated by the electron back-scatter diffraction characterization. The results show that: (1) the misorientation angle increases with increasing applied shear stress; (2) The greater the thickness-length ratio is, the lower the volume ratio of TDRX to parent twin is; (3) The elevation of the applied shear stress can clearly escalate the volume ratio of TDRX to parent twin. Based on the above results, some strategies regulating TDRX are given based on the control of the applied shear stress and twin thickness-length ratio.