bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Study of the Thermal Structure and Circulation in a Large and Deep Dimictic Lake Over Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wu Yang , Huang Anning , Lu Youyu , Lazhu  , Yang Xianyu , Qiu Bo , Zhang Zhiqi , Zhang Xindan
Published: October 2021

A three‐dimensional (3‐D) hydrodynamic model based on the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) was applied to simulate the thermal structure and circulation of Lake Nam Co (LNC), the third largest lake over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), during May–December 2013. Compared with a spatially distributed set of one‐dimensional thermal diffusion lake models, POM better reproduced the observed seasonal evolution of the horizontal distribution of lake surface temperature and the vertical thermal structure. A heat budget analysis confirmed that the lateral heat exchange made significant contributions to the horizontal variability of lake temperature. The model results showed that LNC was thermally stratified in summer, had a weak inverse stratification since mid‐December, and was fully turned over during late spring and autumn. During both overturning phases, the modeled “thermal bar” was developed as a result of the density‐driven convection in response to the radiative heating (surface cooling) during spring (autumn). The 3‐D model results showed that the monthly mean circulation featured a predominant mid‐lake cyclonic gyre throughout the ice‐free period; upwelling along the western coast and strong coastal currents occurred in all months except in July–August. Model sensitivity experiments confirmed that the lake circulation was primarily driven by the barotropic dynamics of the prevailing southwesterly wind, while the baroclinic process made a secondary contribution. The results pointed out the necessity to resolve lateral processes when modeling large TP lakes.
Quasi‐Global Maps of Daily Aerosol Optical Depth From a Ring of Five Geostationary Meteorological Satellites Using AERUS‐GEO
Authors: Ceamanos Xavier , Six Bruno , Riedi Jérôme
Published: October 2021

Geostationary meteorological satellites are recently receiving a great deal of attention from the aerosol remote sensing community due to their increasingly advanced performances including their ability to acquire multiple views of the Earth per day. However, this type of observing systems are limited by their partial coverage of the globe, which makes them inappropriate for monitoring long‐range‐transported particles or assimilating the derived aerosol products into global atmospheric models. This shortcoming is overcome in this pioneering investigation thanks to the simultaneous use of the geostationary satellites GOES‐17, GOES‐16, Meteosat‐11, Meteosat‐8, and Himawari‐8. The combination of these five spacecrafts (herein referred to as GEO‐ring) covers the full globe except for polar regions, which are not seen from geostationary orbit. Data acquired by the GEO‐ring in 2020 are processed by the algorithm AERUS‐GEO to provide quasi‐global maps of daily aerosol optical depth (AOD). These data are proved to be accurate with respect to AERONET ground measurements. The potential of the GEO‐ring for aerosol science is then demonstrated. First, retrieved AOD maps are proved to be potentially useful for global aerosol forecasting due to the improved Earth coverage of the GEO‐ring with respect to the polar orbiting satellites Terra/Aqua (51.4% vs. 26.6%). Second, retrieved aerosol data are used to track long‐range‐transported aerosols emitted during the 2020 Western US wildfires. This article is a prelude to the aerosol remote sensing that will be possible when a GEO‐ring exclusively consisting of next generation imagers will be available with the launch of Meteosat Third Generation‐Imager.
Trickle and Treat? The Critical Role of Marine‐Terminating Glaciers as Icy Macronutrient Pumps in Polar Regions
Authors: Hawkings Jon R.
Published: October 2021

Nutrient supply to the coastal euphotic zone is critical in sustaining the productivity of ecosystems and provides an important feedback on the carbon cycle via stimulating the biological pump. The supply of coastal nutrients is typically thought to be dominated by terrestrial inputs and upwelling of deep ocean waters. Marine‐terminating glaciers can provide nutrients via both mechanisms but the relative importance of each is dependent on complex physical–biogeochemical processes ranging from those in the glacier drainage system to the ice–ocean interface. Constraining these glacial nutrient supply processes in a remote part of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) is the focus of a new study by Williams et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JG006289). Their findings advance our understanding of the role glaciers play in polar nutrient cycling by highlighting significant shallow meltwater pumping of macronutrient‐replete marine waters by CAA marine‐terminating glaciers into the euphotic zone.
Learning to Correct Climate Projection Biases
Authors: Pan Baoxiang , Anderson Gemma J. , Goncalves André , Lucas Donald D. , Bonfils Céline J. W. , Lee Jiwoo , Tian Yang , Ma Hsi‐Yen
Published: October 2021

The fidelity of climate projections is often undermined by biases in climate models due to their simplification or misrepresentation of unresolved climate processes. While various bias correction methods have been developed to post‐process model outputs to match observations, existing approaches usually focus on limited, low‐order statistics, or break either the spatiotemporal consistency of the target variable, or its dependency upon model resolved dynamics. We develop a Regularized Adversarial Domain Adaptation (RADA) methodology to overcome these deficiencies, and enhance efficient identification and correction of climate model biases. Instead of pre‐assuming the spatiotemporal characteristics of model biases, we apply discriminative neural networks to distinguish historical climate simulation samples and observation samples. The evidences based on which the discriminative neural networks make distinctions are applied to train the domain adaptation neural networks to bias correct climate simulations. We regularize the domain adaptation neural networks using cycle‐consistent statistical and dynamical constraints. An application to daily precipitation projection over the contiguous United States shows that our methodology can correct all the considered moments of daily precipitation at approximately resolution, ensures spatiotemporal consistency and inter‐field correlations, and can discriminate between different dynamical conditions. Our methodology offers a powerful tool for disentangling model parameterization biases from their interactions with the chaotic evolution of climate dynamics, opening a novel avenue toward big‐data enhanced climate predictions.
Fenton and Fenton-like wet oxidation for degradation and destruction of organic radioactive wastes
Authors: Walling Sam A. , Um Wooyong , Corkhill Claire L. , Hyatt Neil C.
Published: October 2021

Fenton or Fenton-like oxidation for treatment of organic radioactive wastes is a promising technology with applications to a range of organic wastes. This review details this process; exploring potential challenges, pitfalls and opportunities for industrial usage with radioactive wastes. The application of this process to real radioactive wastes within pilot-plant settings has been documented, with key findings critically assessed in the context of future waste production. Although this oxidation process has not found mainstream success in treatment of radioactive wastes, a lower temperature oxidation system bring certain benefits, specifically for higher volume or problematic organic wastestreams.
Wash-free paper diagnostics for the rapid detection of blood type antibodies
Authors: Hertaeg Michael J. , Kesarwani Vidhishri , McLiesh Heather , Walker Julia , Corrie Simon R. , Garnier Gil
Published: October 2021

Identification of specific antibodies in patient plasma is an essential part of many diagnostic procedures and is critical for safe blood transfusion.
Nanotechnology-based therapeutic applications: in vitro and in vivo clinical studies for diabetic wound healing
Authors: Haque Sheikh Tanzina , Saha Subbroto Kumar , Haque Md. Enamul , Biswas Nirupam
Published: October 2021

Different nanotechnology-based approaches for treating diabetic wounds.
An intelligent tumor microenvironment responsive nanotheranostic agent for T1/T2 dual-modal magnetic resonance imaging-guided and self-augmented photothermal therapy
Authors: Yao Junlie , Zheng Fang , Yang Fang , Yao Chenyang , Xing Jie , Li Zihou , Sun Sijia , Chen Jia , Xu Xiawei , Cao Yi , Hampp Norbert , Wu Aiguo
Published: October 2021

Engineering Zn0.2Fe2.8O4@PDA@MnO2 nanosystem for T1/T2 dual-modal magnetic resonance imaging-guided and self-augmented photothermal therapy.
Insights into phosphatase-activated chemical defense in a marine sponge holobiont
Authors: Jomori Takahiro , Matsuda Kenichi , Egami Yoko , Abe Ikuro , Takai Akira , Wakimoto Toshiyuki
Published: October 2021

The phosphatase that activates calyculin biogenesis in the sponge Discodermia calyx turned out to originate from the bacterial symbiont Entotheonella.
Reversible assembly–disassembly of plasmonic spherical nucleic acids enabling temperature-self-controllable and biomarker-activatable photothermal effects
Authors: Huang Lixian , Zhang Jinling , Pang Lifang , Hu Shengqiang , Zhang Liangliang , Zhao Shulin
Published: October 2021

Melting temperature-dependent assembly–disassembly of programmable plasmonic spherical nucleic acids enabled temperature-self-controllable and biomarker-activatable photothermal effects in vivo.
CuZrO3: If it exists it should be a sandwich
Authors: Dean James , Yang Yahui , Veser Götz , Mpourmpakis Giannis
Published: October 2021

Structural prediction techniques in conjunction with Density-Functional Theory reveal a possible structure for CuZrO3.
Thermodynamics of adsorption of alcohol dehydrogenase on the gold nanoparticle surface: a model based analysis versus direct measurement
Authors: Mishra Akriti , Mishra Kamini , Bose Dipayan , Chakrabarti Abhijit , Das Puspendu K.
Published: October 2021

Thermodynamics of nanoparticle protein corona studied by second harmonic light scattering.
Retraction: Monodisperse Pt NPs@rGO as highly efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalysts for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazole derivatives
Authors: Esirden İbrahim , Kaya Muharrem
Published: October 2021

Retraction of ‘Monodisperse Pt NPs@rGO as highly efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalysts for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazole derivatives’ by İbrahim Esirden et al., Catal. Sci. Technol., 2015, 5, 4452–4457, DOI: 10.1039/C5CY00864F.
Stannylenes based on pyrrole-phosphane and dipyrromethane-diphosphane scaffolds: syntheses and behavior as precursors to PSnP pincer palladium(ii), palladium(0) and gold(i) complexes
Authors: Cabeza Javier A. , Fernández Israel , García-Álvarez Pablo , García-Soriano Rubén , Laglera-Gándara Carlos J. , Toral Rubén
Published: October 2021

Metal complexes containing PSnP pincer stannyl and stannylene ligands have been prepared from new pyrrole- and dipyrromethane-based PSnP stannylenes.
A mechanistic investigation of the Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling betweenN-tosylhydrazones and aryl halides
Authors: Thomas Gilian T. , Ronda Kiera , McIndoe J. Scott
Published: October 2021

NMR and mass spectrometry are used to investigate the mechanism of the Barluenga cross-coupling reaction and reveal the turnover-limiting step.
Interfacial electronic coupling of ultrathin transition-metal hydroxide nanosheets with layered MXenes as a new prototype for platinum-like hydrogen evolution
Authors: Li Linlin , Yu Deshuang , Li Peng , Huang Hongjiao , Xie Dengyu , Lin Chia-Ching , Hu Feng , Chen Han-Yi , Peng Shengjie
Published: October 2021

The well-designed hybrid electrocatalysts have been synthesized by anchoring ultrathin transition metal hydroxides on MXene nanosheets to boost the HER performance. Thanks to the unique architecture and synergistic effects, Co(OH)2@MXene manifests unprecedented catalytic activity.
Phenolic compounds that cross the blood–brain barrier exert positive health effects as central nervous system antioxidants
Authors: Velásquez-Jiménez Dafne , Corella-Salazar Diana A. , Zuñiga-Martínez B. Shain , Domínguez-Avila J. Abraham , Montiel-Herrera Marcelino , Salazar-López Norma J. , Rodrigo-Garcia Joaquín , Villegas-Ochoa Mónica A. , González-Aguilar Gustavo A.
Published: October 2021

The ability of phenolic compounds to cross the blood–brain barrier and reach the central nervous system is discussed. There are knowledge gaps that require additional experimentation, such as inconclusive transport mechanisms and lack of human data.
Chromatography purification of Rb for accurate isotopic analysis by MC-ICPMS: a comparison between AMP-PAN, cation-exchange, and Sr resins
Authors: Nie Nicole X. , Dauphas Nicolas , Hopp Timo , Hu Justin Y. , Zhang Zhe J. , Yokochi Reika , Ireland Thomas J. , Tissot Francois L. H.
Published: October 2021

Three methods were developed for purifying Rb from natural samples for isotopic analysis.
Investigating 3,3-diaryloxetanes as potential bioisosteres through matched molecular pair analysis
Authors: Dubois Maryne A. J. , Croft Rosemary A. , Ding Yujie , Choi Chulho , Owen Dafydd R. , Bull James A. , Mousseau James J.
Published: October 2021

Physical property and metabolic stability comparisons are presented for designed series of drug-like compounds, containing diaryloxetanes, ketones and alkyl linkers.
Bayesian optimization of nanoporous materials
Authors: Deshwal Aryan , Simon Cory M. , Doppa Janardhan Rao
Published: October 2021

In Bayesian optimization, we efficiently search for an optimal material by iterating between (i) conducting an experiment on a material, (ii) updating our knowledge, and (iii) selecting the next material for an experiment.
Ga2O3based multilevel solar-blind photomemory array with logic, arithmetic, and image storage functions
Authors: Chen Yancheng , Yang Xun , Sun Pengxiang , Dou Wenjie , Chen Xuexia , Zhang Chongyang , Shan Chongxin
Published: October 2021

Based on the co-regulation of solar-blind light andVGSwith hole-trapping effects in the Ga2O3phototransistor, a multilevel solar-blind photomemory array with logic, arithmetic, and image storage functions has been proposed and demonstrated.
Development of computational models using omics data for the identification of effective cancer metabolic biomarkers
Authors: Lee Sang Mi , Kim Hyun Uk
Published: October 2021

Novel biomarkers are increasingly identified using computational models for the effective diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cancers.
Tuning the optical properties of BODIPY dyes by N-rich heterocycle conjugation using a combined synthesis and computational approach
Authors: Merkes Jean Michel , Ostlender Tobias , Wang Fufang , Kiessling Fabian , Sun Haitao , Banala Srinivas
Published: October 2021

We report a systematic tuning of optical properties of BODIPY dyes by conjugation of nitrogen-rich heterocycles, and underlying nitrogen influence by TDDFT calculations.
UiO-66-NH2 as an effective solid support for quinazoline derivatives for antibacterial agents against Gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Al Neyadi Shaikha S. , Al Blooshi Afra G. , Nguyen Ha L. , Alnaqbi Mohamed. A.
Published: October 2021

UiO-66-NH2 is used as an effective drug carrier for the control of quinazoline release for antibacterial agents against Gram-negative bacteria.
Bending and precipitate formation mechanisms in epitaxial Ge-core/GeSn-shell nanowires
Authors: Meng Andrew C. , Wang Yanming , Braun Michael R. , Lentz J. Zach , Peng Siying , Cheng Huikai , Marshall Ann F. , Cai Wei , McIntyre Paul C.
Published: October 2021

The balance between Sn precursor flux and available surfaces for GeSn nucleation and growth determines whether the nanowire bends or precipitates form. When growth is precursor flux limited, bending occurs; when growth is adatom attachment site limited, Sn precipitates form.
Visible-light- and bromide-mediated photoredox Minisci alkylation of N-heteroarenes with ester acetates
Authors: Wang Chunlian , Shi Hang , Deng Guo-Jun , Huang Huawen
Published: October 2021

A visible-light-induced photoredox system has been developed to achieve the Minisci alkylation of 4-hydroxyquinazoline with non-toxic ethyl acetate.
Organocatalytic diastereo- and enantioselective oxa-hetero-Diels–Alder reactions of enones with aryl trifluoromethyl ketones for the synthesis of trifluoromethyl-substituted tetrahydropyrans
Authors: Pasha Maira , Tanaka Fujie
Published: October 2021

Diastereo- and enantioselective oxa-hetero-Diels–Alder reactions catalyzed by amine-based catalyst systems that afford trifluoromethyl-substituted tetrahydropyranones are reported.
Highly efficient vinylic addition polymerization of 5-vinyl-2-norbornene using benzylic palladium complexes as precatalysts
Authors: Pérez-Ortega Ignacio , Albéniz Ana C.
Published: October 2021

A very small amount of a palladium benzylic complex as initiator brings about the vinylic addition polymerization of the reluctant 5-vinyl-2-norbornene.
Preparation of an aminographene–aliphatic hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane hybrid for synergistic enhancement of the mechanical and tribological performance of monomer casting nylon 6
Authors: Li Chengjie , Guo Minghui , Dai Ying , Xu Peikuan , Shi Bin , Hou Dewang , Li Ruiguang
Published: October 2021

UFG–AHPDMS hybrid with covalent linkage was prepared by reaction of GO/urea/AHPDMS. Addition of UFG–AHPDMS led to enhancement of mechanical/tribological property of MC PA6 with synergistic reinforcing/friction reduction effect.
N-Chloroamines as substrates for metal-free photochemical atom-transfer radical addition reactions in continuous flow
Authors: Steiner Alexander , de Frutos Oscar , Rincón Juan A. , Mateos Carlos , Williams Jason D. , Kappe C. Oliver
Published: October 2021

Photochemical ATRA reactions of N-chloroamines represent an efficient and green method of alkene functionalization. N-Chloroamine generation, purification and reaction in flow enables an efficient process, with a variety of irradiation wavelengths.
Critical role of structural order in bipolar redox-active molecules for organic redox flow batteries
Authors: Li Min , Agarwal Garvit , Shkrob Ilya A. , VanderLinden Ryan T. , Case Julia , Prater Matthew , Rhodes Zayn , Assary Rajeev S. , Minteer Shelley D.
Published: October 2021

Bipolar redox-active molecules (BRMs) have been suggested as a means to address crossover related issues in all-organic redox flow batteries (RFBs).
Computational design of double-layer cathode coatings in all-solid-state batteries
Authors: Wang Chuhong , Aoyagi Koutarou , Mueller Tim
Published: October 2021

We propose and computationally screen for double-layer coatings between thiophosphate electrolytes and oxide cathodes in solid-state lithium-ion batteries to improve cycle life while maintaining rate capability.
Trimetallic PtNiCo branched nanocages as efficient and durable bifunctional electrocatalysts towards oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation reactions
Authors: Ma Hengrui , Zheng Zhiping , Zhao Hongsheng , Shen Cong , Chen Hanming , Li Huiqi , Cao Zhenming , Kuang Qin , Lin Haixin , Xie Zhaoxiong
Published: October 2021

A trimetallic PtNiCo branched nanocage was fabricated via an etching process. The optimized electronic structure with Co and Ni accelerate the sluggish kinetic process in ORR and MOR with significantly catalytic enhancement and high durability.
A CORM loaded nanoplatform for single NIR light-activated bioimaging, gas therapy, and photothermal therapy in vitro
Authors: Pei Shihao , Li Jia-Bei , Wang Zhuo , Xie Yao , Chen Jiabo , Wang Haifang , Sun Lining
Published: October 2021

A single light irradiated multifunctional nanoplatform was developed for upconversion luminescence imaging guided photothermal therapy and gas therapy. This versatile nanoplatform can be a promising candidate for the effective treatment of cancer cells.
Bioinspired NO release coating enhances endothelial cells and inhibits smooth muscle cells
Authors: Chen Sheng-yu , Wang Jing , Jia Fan , Shen Zhi-da , Zhang Wen-bin , Wang You-xiang , Ren Ke-feng , Fu Guo-sheng , Ji Jian
Published: October 2021

Introducing nitric oxide (NO) to traditional drug-eluting stents alleviates incomplete endothelialization and further inhibit the stenosis caused by the proliferation of smooth muscle cells.
Exciton energy transfer and bi-exciton annihilation in the emitting layers of thermally activated delayed fluorescence-based OLEDs
Authors: Kang Hyunchul , Ahn Han Jin , Kim Gyeong Woo , Jeong Ji-Eun , Woo Han Young , Kim Jun-Yun , Park Sungnam
Published: October 2021

Time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy measurements and molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the energy transfer among dopant molecules in the emitting layer of organic light emitting diodes.
Exciton engineering based on star-shaped blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for efficient white organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Li Zhe , Duan Chunbo , Li Ying , Zhang Jing , Han Chunmiao , Xu Hui
Published: October 2021

Accurate exciton allocation in thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) was realized to achieve the efficient efficient white emission.
Recent advances in humidity sensors for human body related humidity detection
Authors: Duan Zaihua , Jiang Yadong , Tai Huiling
Published: October 2021

In this review, we summarized the recent progress in a humidity sensor for human body related humidity detections (including respiratory behavior, speech recognition, skin moisture, non-contact switch, and diaper monitoring).
Response to Powell et al., “Do Hearing Aids Prevent Falls? Commentary on Study From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey”
Authors: Riska Kristal M. , Peskoe Sarah B. , Gordee Alex , Kuchibhatla Maragatha , Smith Sherri L.
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

This letter serves to respond to Powell et al.'s (2021) letter to the editor regarding our recent publication, "Preliminary Evidence on the Impact of Hearing Aid Use on Falls Risk in Individuals With Self-Reported Hearing Loss." In our letter, we respond to key concerns and commentary raised by the authors.
Adapting to Telepractice: Views of Graduate Student Clinicians
Authors: Page Christen , Wahl Robyn , Clements Brooklyn , Woody Rachel , Napier Kristen
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the initial perceptions of speech-language pathology graduate student clinicians following implementation of telepractice using survey questions.

Method:

The study used thematic analysis to answer three research questions: (a) How comfortable and confident are graduate student clinicians using telepractice? (b) What are the differences between in-person and telepractice service delivery? (c) What surprised graduate student clinicians about telepractice?

Results:

Thirty first-year graduate student clinicians completed the survey following 5 weeks of telepractice service delivery. Findings revealed that, initially, graduate student clinicians felt nervous and uncertain about administering speech-language therapy through telepractice but eventually became more comfortable and confident with the new therapy delivery model. Differences between in-person and telepractice involved more attention to clinician's facial expressions, learning technology, managing environmental distractions at home, and the necessity for caregiver involvement. Graduate student clinicians expressed mixed perceptions of treatment effectiveness through telepractice, which may be associated with the client's attention, communication severity, and clinician's motivation. In the end, graduate student clinicians shared positive reflections of this learning experience.

Conclusions:

As speech therapy through telepractice continues, students will require guidance about this service delivery model. This study described graduate students' perceptions of telepractice, which may be applied to academic clinical curriculum.
Forecasting of solar radiation in photovoltaic power station based on ground‐based cloud images and BP neural network
Authors: Hu Keyong , Wang Lidong , Li Wenjuan , Cao Shihua , Shen Yuyan
Published: October 2021

The solar radiation near the surface is the main reason that affects photovoltaic power generation. Accurate ultra‐short‐term solar radiation prediction is the premise of photovoltaic power generation prediction. Here the cloud movement prediction method based on the ground‐based cloud images is presented. The cloud recognition, cloud matching, cloud area correction and cloud movement prediction are performed to predict the drift trajectory of the clouds that will block the sun. Then, using digital image technology, 13 kinds of feature information are extracted from the ground‐based cloud images. Then, these feature information are input into BP neural network, and the parameters of BP neural network are optimized by genetic algorithm. Through a large number of data training, a new ultra‐short‐term prediction model of solar radiation is established. Finally, through experimental comparison, the results show that the prediction accuracy of the model with the feature information of ground‐based cloud images can reach 96%, compared with the model without the feature information of ground‐based cloud images, the accuracy is improved by 5%. The proposed ultra‐short‐term solar radiation prediction model can effectively predict the radiation jumping process caused by cloud occlusion, and greatly improve the prediction accuracy, especially in cloudy weather.
Multiple classifier system for remotely sensed data clustering
Authors: Chaouche Ramdane Lamia Fatma Houbaba , Mahi Habib , El Habib Daho Mostafa , Lazouni Mohammed El Amine
Published: October 2021

The Multiple Classifier System (or classifier ensemble) is the consensus of different clustering algorithms that can provide high accuracy for the best partition and thus overcome the constraints of conventional approaches based on single classifiers. The MCS is divided into two stages: Partition creation and partition combining. The potential benefits of this methodology in unsupervised land cover categorization utilizing synthetic, composite, and remotely sensed data are investigated in this paper. Four clustering algorithms are used for the MCS's first step, and according to the WB index, the best‐unsupervised classification is obtained. In the second stage, relabeling and, voting approaches are then applied. The MCS's experimental results outperform the individual clustering outcomes in terms of accuracy.
Efficient video hashing based on low‐rank frames
Authors: Chen Zhenhai , Tang Zhenjun , Zhang Xinpeng , Sun Ronghai , Zhang Xianquan
Published: October 2021

Video hashing is a useful technology for diverse video applications, such as digital watermarking, copy detection and content authentication. This paper proposes a novel efficient video hashing based on low‐rank frames. A key contribution is the low‐rank frame calculation using the low‐rank approximation of singular value decomposition (SVD). As the large singular values of SVD are stable to digital operations, video hash extraction using low‐rank frames can provide good robustness. Since most energy is contained within the large singular values, low‐rank frames also contribute to discrimination. Moreover, two‐dimensional discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is applied to every low‐rank frame and the mean of low‐frequency DWT coefficients is selected as a hash element. Since these coefficients can represent input data approximately, hash discrimination is thus ensured. Experiments with 16,850 videos are carried out to test performances of the proposed algorithm. The results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms some well‐known video hashing algorithms in computational time and classification about discrimination and robustness.
Experimental investigation of the performance of a single‐slope solar still under Aswan climate conditions
Authors: Roshdy Mahmoud , Elhady Salama Abd , Shaban Mohamed , Esmail Mohamed F.C.
Published: October 2021

Solar desalination has been introduced as it provides several environmental and economical advantages. In which, the desalination process depends mainly on the intensity of solar irradiance and ambient temperature. However, the desalination potential under intensive solar radiation flux of Aswan, Egypt (up to 1100 W m−2 and ≥45 °C in summer) had never been tested. This study was to experimentally evaluate the performance of two single‐slope solar stills with air gap distances of 17 and 37 cm, and a fixed water depth of 2 cm in Aswan climate. In addition, an ultrasonic atomizer was implemented to study the effect of the water atomization process on the yield and performance of the solar still. The results showed that reducing the gap distance from 37 to 17 cm increased the yield of the solar still by 70%. Using an ultrasonic atomizer, covered with a funnel, enhanced the yield by about 8.5%. The performance of the tested solar stills was compared to similar solar stills operated in other locations and the results assure the strong influence of Aswan climatic conditions on enhancing the performance and yield of solar still. Such climate is promising for solar water desalination and other sustainable energy applications.
Wideband strip antenna surrounding a ground plate
Authors: Iigusa Kyoichi , Sawada Hirokazu , Matsumura Takeshi , Kojima Fumihide
Published: October 2021

A wideband planar antenna, which is composed of a ground plate and a strip surrounding the plate, is proposed. Wideband impedance matching with fractional bandwidth over 130% is achieved by making the distance between the strip and the ground plate stepwise so that the distance becomes wider in the tip side. The electric field in the slot line changes its direction without changing the traveling direction at the stepped section, and it is enabled to leak and radiate while traveling. It was also found that the matching frequency band can be greatly extended to the high frequency side by bending and extending the slot line to surround the ground plate. The lowest impedance matching frequency can be controlled by the strip width at the tip with keeping wideband impedance matching property.
Time evolution of magnetic activity cycles in young suns: The curious case of κ Ceti
Authors: Boro Saikia S. , Lüftinger T. , Folsom C. P. , Antonova A. , Alecian E. , Donati J.-F. , Guedel M. , Hall J. C. , Jeffers S. V. , Kochukhov O. , Marsden S. C. , Metodieva Y. T. , Mittag M. , Morin J. , Perdelwitz V. , Petit P. , Schmid M. , Vidotto A. A.
Published: October 2021

Context. A detailed investigation of the magnetic properties of young Sun-like stars can provide valuable information on our Sun’s magnetic past and its impact on the early Earth.

Aims. We determine the properties of the moderately rotating young Sun-like star κ Ceti’s magnetic and activity cycles using 50 yr of chromospheric activity data and six epochs of spectropolarimetric observations.

Methods. The chromospheric activity was determined by measuring the flux in the Ca II H and K lines. A generalised Lomb–Scargle periodogram and a wavelet decomposition were used on the chromospheric activity data to establish the associated periodicities. The vector magnetic field of the star was reconstructed using the technique of Zeeman Doppler imaging on the spectropolarimetric observations.

Results. Our period analysis algorithms detect a 3.1 yr chromospheric cycle in addition to the star’s well-known ~6 yr cycle period. Although the two cycle periods have an approximate 1:2 ratio, they exhibit an unusual temporal evolution. Additionally, the spectropolarimetric data analysis shows polarity reversals of the star’s large-scale magnetic field, suggesting a ~10 yr magnetic or Hale cycle.

Conclusions. The unusual evolution of the star’s chromospheric cycles and their lack of a direct correlation with the magnetic cycle establishes κ Ceti as a curious young Sun. Such complex evolution of magnetic activity could be synonymous with moderately active young Suns, which is an evolutionary path that our own Sun could have taken.
Jetted radio-quiet quasars at z > 5
Authors: Sbarrato T. , Ghisellini G. , Giovannini G. , Giroletti M.
Published: October 2021

We report on the JVLA observations of three high-redshift active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that have black hole masses estimated to be among the largest known. Two of them, SDSS J0100+2802 and SDSS J0306+1853 at redshift 6.326 and 5.363, respectively, are radio-quiet AGNs according to the classic definition, while the third (B2 1023+25 at z = 5.284) is a powerful blazar. The JVLA data clearly show a radio structure in the first source and a radio emission with a relatively steep radio spectrum in the second one, indicating the presence of a radio jet and a diffuse component. Therefore, being radio-quiet does not exclude the presence of a powerful relativistic jet, which has important consequences on population studies and on the ratio between jetted and non-jetted AGNs. We can estimate the viewing angle of these jets, and this allows us to find, albeit with some uncertainty, the density of black holes with a mass in excess of 1010 M⊙ at high redshifts. We found that their density in jetted AGNs is very large in the redshift bin 5–6 and comparable with the overall AGN population of the same optical luminosity. Jets might thus play a crucial role in the fast formation and evolution of the most massive black holes in the early Universe. They are more common than what is expected from wide radio surveys with milliJansky flux sensitivity. Deeper JVLA or very-long-baseline interferometry observations are key to discovering a possible relativistic jet population hiding in plain sight at very high redshift. The discovery of powerful relativistic jets associated with the most massive black holes in the early Universe revives the question: is the jet instrumental for a rapid growth of the black hole or, instead, is the black hole mass the main driver for the jet formation?
Aktualisierte AWMF-S2k-Leitlinie zur obstruktiven Sialadenitis
Authors: Geisthoff Urban , Al-Nawas Bilal , Beutner Dirk , Günzel Thomas , Iro Heinrich , Koch Michael , Lell Michael , Luers Jan Christoffer , Schröder Ursula , Sproll Christoph , Teymoortash Afshin , Ußmüller Jürgen , Vogl Thomas , Wittekindt Claus , Zengel Pamela , Zenk Johannes , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando
Published: October 2021

Die Aktualisierung der Leitlinie war ein wichtiger Schritt, um mit zunehmender Verbreitung der Sialendoskopie und anderer minimalinvasiver Verfahren Behandlungsstandards zur Therapie der Sialolithiasis und der Speichelgangstenosen zu definieren. Im Rahmen der Aktualisierung wurden die diagnostischen und therapeutischen Algorithmen dem aktuellen Wissensstand angepasst. Sie werden in diesem Artikel in verkürzter Form mit Betonung der praxisrelevanten konservativen Therapieoptionen wiedergegeben.
Abdominal and Laparoscopic Cervical Carcinoma Therapy – a Comparative Economic Assessment
Authors: Brodowski Lars , Jentschke Matthias , Hertel Hermann , Hillemanns Peter , Kohls Fabian
Published: October 2021

Objective The LACC (Laparoscopic Approach to Cervical Cancer) study revealed advantages in terms of overall survival and relapse risk favouring abdominal radical hysterectomy over the laparoscopic procedure. The present paper will compare the two surgical techniques from the economic point of view based on a process cost calculation.

Material/Methods A retrospective cost analysis of all radical hysterectomies from the year 2018 was done at the Hanover University Medical School based on the bottoms-up method and guided by the clinical treatment pathway.

Result Of 51 primary cases treated, 19 patients underwent radical hysterectomies, of which 8 were performed using the abdominal technique and 11 as endoscopic surgeries. 89.4% of the cancers were FIGO IB1 carcinomas. The total cost of a laparoscopic radical hysterectomy with an average hospital stay of 4.6 days came to € 2512.34, compared to an abdominal radical hysterectomy at € 2586.78 with an average hospital stay of 7.6 days. The greatest cost factor in which the laparoscopic method exceeded abdominal radical hysterectomy was the surgical procedure itself (€ 1836.75 vs. € 1411.21). Personnel represented the largest cost item in the surgical theatre (59%), so that surgery time was a significant multiplying factor. Average surgical time required for abdominal radical hysterectomy was 154 minutes, whereby the laparoscopic procedure required an average of 220.1 minutes. Inpatient care in the abdominal radical procedure cases was more costly by € 499.98 due to the
longer hospitalization and additional medication required. Profit levels, including the DRG revenues, were higher with the abdominal method than with the laparoscopic method by € 186.21 despite longer hospital stays.

Conclusion The present paper shows slightly greater profitability for the abdominal radical hysterectomy. On the other hand, this method entails longer hospitalization and a higher level of personnel deployment. Adequate occupancy management could make up for the revenue shortfall observed with the laparoscopic method.
Netzwerke zur Versorgung Parkinsonerkrankter
Authors: Ziegler Kerstin , Hoppmann Dagmar , Loidl Verena , Wagner Christian , Schroeteler Frauke , Fietzek Urban , Hermann Margit , Grill Eva , Ceballos-Baumann Andrés O.
Published: October 2021

Die komplexe Symptomatik der Parkinsonerkrankung erfordert einen langfristigen, individuellen und umfassenden Therapieansatz. Spezialisierte Netzwerke sind eine Möglichkeit, diesem Bedarf zu begegnen. In Deutschland ist keine flächendeckende, netzwerkbasierte Versorgung Parkinsonerkrankter etabliert. Es fehlen in Netzwerken organisierte und in der Parkinsonbehandlung geschulte Physiotherapeuten. Die im Heilmittelkatalog geregelten, ambulanten Leistungen der Physiotherapie beruhen auf konzeptbasierten Therapieformen, die nicht den Inhalten der europäischen Physiotherapieleitlinie entsprechen. Im Modellvorhaben PaNTher – Parkinson Netzwerk Therapie erhalten Parkinsonpatienten im Großraum München die Möglichkeit einer spezialisierten, leitlinienbasierten Physiotherapie. Vorgestellt wird das Chronic Care Modell auf dessen Basis PaNTher darauf abzielt, die Versorgungsqualität zu verbessern. Stadien- bzw. symptomspezifische Therapieprogramme, ein strukturiertes Schulungsprogramm zur Steigerung der Expertise der Physiotherapeuten und eine sektorenübergreifende Zusammenarbeit zwischen kooperierenden Fachärzten, Therapeuten und dem Projektzentrum an der Parkinson-Fachklinik sind Komponenten des Programms. Teilnehmende Patienten werden im Selbstmanagement ihrer Erkrankung gestärkt. Die Wirksamkeit des Modellvorhabens PaNTher wird durch eine unabhängige, begleitende wissenschaftliche Evaluation untersucht.
Teilhaben und Teilnehmen – Partizipationsprozesse in der Pädiatrie
Authors: Winter Claudia
Published: October 2021

Die in der EACH-Charta geforderte Teilhabe von Kindern sowie deren Eltern und Bezugspersonen stellt Pflegende vor die Herausforderung, zwischen Fürsorge und Autonomie abzuwägen. An zwei Fallbeispielen soll deutlich werden, warum Sorgen stets mit Loslassen verbunden ist, wie partizipative Prozesse gestaltet werden können und was eine Haltung der Teilhabe ist.
Tiefe Hirnstimulation beim idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndrom
Authors: Demmel Walter , Pfister Robert
Published: October 2021

Wir beschreiben den Ablauf eines Eingriffs zur tiefen Hirnstimulation: Die Festlegung des Zielpunktes und des chirurgischen Zugangswegs mit der Planungssoftware auf der Basis der Datensätze von Magnetresonanz- und Computertomografie, das Anbringen des stereotaktischen Rahmens für das präzise Ansteuern des Zielpunktes, das intraoperative Setting und Optimieren der Elektrodenlage während der Operation im Wachzustand, die Implantation des Impulsgebers und die postoperative Kontrolle der korrekten Elektrodenlage. Sofern chirurgische Kontraindikationen im Vorfeld ausgeschlossen wurden, sind direkte operative Risiken gering: Das Risiko einer klinisch manifesten intrazerebralen Blutung ist mit weniger als 1 % einzuschätzen, weitere Risiken wie Implantatinfektionen, postoperative Dislokationen oder technische Defekte der Implantate liegen im niedrigen einstelligen Prozentbereich.
Long Journey on Daptomycin
Authors: Li Xuechen
Published: October 2021

Over the past more than ten years, my laboratory has been engaged in the total synthesis, medicinal chemistry, and chemical biology studies on daptomycin. Our efforts are expected to advance new understanding of this effective cyclic lipodepsipeptide antibiotic. In this Account, this long journey is presented.

1 Introduction

2 Total Synthesis of Daptomycin

3 Medicinal Chemistry of Daptomycin

4 Molecular Comparison of Daptomycin and Kynomycin

5 New Insight into How Daptomycin Exerts Bactericidal Effect

6 Conclusion
Asymmetric Sequential Michael Addition and Cyclization Reactions of 2-(2-Nitrovinyl)phenols Catalyzed by Bifunctional Amino-Squaramides
Authors: Šebesta Radovan , Veverková Eva , Molnosiová Pavlína
Published: October 2021

In this work, we describe the Michael addition–cyclization reaction of 2-(2-nitrovinyl)phenol with two different reactive Michael donors, which lead to chiral benzopyran derivatives. Specifically, bifunctional amino-squaramides with one or two chiral units in the side chains were evaluated as catalysts in these transformations. Furthermore, the utility of selected green solvents as reaction media for these processes was also tested. The best result was achieved with methyl-cyclopentanone-2-carboxylate as the Michael donor in ethyl (–)-l-lactate with quinine-based amino-squaramide as catalyst (yield 72%, dr >99:1, ee 99%).
Three-Dimensional Intraarterial Vaso Computed Tomography Depiction of Pipeline Flex with Shield Technology Flow Diverter Stent in Ruptured Blister Aneurysm of Supraclinoid Internal Carotid Artery
Authors: Padhi Rasmiranjan , Kandasamy Sathish , Kumaran BalaSenthil
Published: October 2021

Blister aneurysms are intracranial arterial lesions originating at nonbranching sites of the dorsal supraclinoid internal carotid artery and basilar artery.1 Among different treatment options, the use of flow-diverting devices is gaining popularity and has the potential for becoming the standard of care.2

Radiological evaluation of flow diverter braid expansion and vessel wall apposition during procedure has become useful in preventing life-threatening complications. Incomplete coverage of an aneurysm neck, kinking, or incomplete expansion and malapposition of a stent carries a significant risk for thromboembolic events.3
4
Perilunate Injury Timing and Treatment Options: A Systematic Review
Authors: van der Oest Mark J.W. , Duraku Liron S. , Artan Madina , Hundepool Caroline A. , Power Dominic M. , Rajaratnam Vaikunthan , Zuidam J. Michiel
Published: October 2021

Introduction Perilunate injuries are uncommon yet challenging and often missed injuries, representing 7% of all carpal traumas. Two types of injuries can be identified as follows: perilunate dislocations (PLD) and perilunate fracture-dislocations (PLFD). The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to establish which surgical treatment is superior for patients with perilunate injuries and the significance of delayed treatment.

Methods A total of 2056 articles were screened, and 16 articles were included. Risk of bias for case-control series and case series were assessed through the National Institute of Health study quality assessment tool. Qualitative outcomes of clinical scores for hand function were compared between different time points (acute, < 7 days; delayed 7–45 days; chronic > 45 days), open and closed reduction, and PLD and PLFD.

Results Overall, the clinical outcome scores of patients treated within 7 days are good. The results suggest that closed reduction and internal fixation (CRIF) offers slightly better outcomes than open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for PLFD. Patients treated 6 weeks or more after the initial injury seem to have the worst overall outcomes than patients in the acute or delayed setting. The results suggest that patients with chronic PLD have even worse outcomes than patients with chronic PLFD.

Conclusions Timing of surgery is essential for an optimal outcome. When there is a delay of treatment, the outcomes are inferior to those treated acutely. Early referral to centralized treatment units for perilunate injuries would allow for targeted treatment and facilitate research on this difficult wrist injury.
Predicting Imaging Outcomes in Acute Stroke Therapy—Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography
Authors: Krishnaswamy Deepa , Cannane Seetharaman , Nedunchelian Meena , Varadharajan Shriram , Poyyamoli Santhosh , Mehta Pankaj , Cherian Mathew
Published: October 2021

Background Imaging of acute stroke patients in emergency settings is critical for treatment decisions. Most commonly, CT with CTA is used worldwide for acute stroke. However, MRI may be advantageous in certain settings. With advancements in endovascular clot retrieval techniques, there is a need to identify and use the best possible imaging for the diagnosis and outcome prediction of hyperacute stroke.

Methods This mixed retrospective and prospective observational study was conducted over 2 years in patients who underwent reperfusion therapies. Patients were included in this study if they had a baseline as well as follow-up noncontrast CT and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) MRI. We compared them for estimating final infarct size and outcomes after reperfusion therapy.

Results A total of 86 patients were included in the study. Baseline DWI found new infarcts in 33 patients compared to baseline CT. Sensitivity and specificity of CT and DWI in predicting the final infarct size was 75.3% and 76.9% and 97.2% and 92.3%, respectively. A positive correlation of 51.2% and 84.4% was noted between b-CT Alberta stroke programme early CT score (ASPECTS) and b-DWI with 72 hours DWI ASPECTS, respectively (p < 0.001). The positive predictive value of CT was 94.8% and DWI was 98.6%. None of the patients had reversible hyperintensities in the follow-up DWI.

Conclusion MRI is more sensitive and specific than noncontrast CT in predicting final infarct volume. It predicts final outcomes better and could be an alternative if available in acute stroke settings.
Does Surgery for Cruciate Ligament and Meniscus Injury Increase the Risk of Comorbidities at 2 Years in the Military System?
Authors: Cook Chad E. , Sheean Andrew J. , Zhou Liang , Min Kyong S. , Rhon Daniel I.
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine whether surgery for cruciate ligament (anterior or posterior) or meniscus injury increased risks of subsequent comorbidities in beneficiaries of the Military Health System. The study was a retrospective case-control design in which individuals with cruciate or meniscus injuries were divided into two groups (surgery or none). Data were pulled 12 months prior and 24 months following each respective event and presence of comorbidities were compared between the two groups. Bivariate analyses and logistic regression were used to determine if surgery increased the odds of comorbidities. Participants included 1,686 with a cruciate ligament injury (30.1% treated surgically) and 13,146 with a meniscus injury (44.4% treated surgically). Bivariate comparisons of surgery versus nonsurgical treatment found multiple significant differences. After adjusting for covariates, a significant (p < 0.05) protective effect was seen only for meniscus surgery for concussion, insomnia, other mental health disorders, depression, and substance abuse. Surgery had no increased/decreased risk of comorbidities for cruciate ligament injuries. For meniscus injuries, surgery demonstrated a protective effect for six of the comorbidities we assessed. The treatment approach (surgery vs. nonsurgical) did not change the risk of comorbidities in those with a cruciate ligament injury. It is noteworthy that three of the six comorbidities involved mental health disorders. Although the study design does not allow for determination of causation, these findings should compel future prospective study designs that could confirm these findings.