bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Psychosocial Intervention for Carers of Individuals Diagnosed with Dementia in Social Isolation
Authors: Wei Grace , Piguet Olivier , Kumfor Fiona
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Growing research has shown the negative impact of social isolation on the health and psychological well-being of individuals with dementia and their carers. This study investigated the effectiveness of a psychosocial intervention for dementia carers during a lockdown period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Twenty-three family carers of individuals diagnosed with dementia living in the community were recruited and provided with an online psychoeducation toolkit that aims to improve health literacy, management of social and behavioural symptoms in dementia, carer social engagement, and coping skills. Carers were divided into “mild” or “moderate” groups based on the disease severity of the person with dementia they cared for. Outcome measures including distress and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms, carer self-efficacy and burden, social network, and feelings of loneliness were assessed at baseline and 2 weeks later. Results: Carers in the moderate group reported higher levels of distress (p = 0.001) and severity (p < 0.001) of neuropsychiatric symptoms and greater carer burden (p = 0.003) than carers in the mild group. Following the intervention, both groups reported increased social networks (p = 0.001). In addition, carers in the moderate group reported significantly reduced distress for neuropsychiatric symptoms (p = 0.013), enhanced carer self-efficacy for controlling upsetting thoughts (p = 0.040), and decreased loneliness (p = 0.023). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that psychosocial interventions improve outcomes for carers of individuals with dementia, particularly those caring for individuals with greater disease severity. Findings from this study will inform the development of support services that meet the evolving needs of individuals with dementia and their carers in social isolation, during and in a post-pandemic context.
In Search of a Gold Standard Tool for Assessing Knowledge of Stroke: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dalli Lachlan L. , Burns Catherine , Kilkenny Monique F. , Gall Seana L. , Hou Wen-Hsuan , Hoffmann Tammy C. , Olaiya Muideen T. , Cameron Jan , Purvis Tara , Thrift Amanda G. , Nelson Mark R. , Sanders Andrea , Viney Kayla , Phan Hoang T. , Freak-Poli Rosanne
Published: November 2023

Background: Knowledge of stroke is essential to empower people to reduce their risk of these events. However, valid tools are required for accurate and reliable measurement of stroke knowledge. We aimed to systematically review contemporary stroke knowledge assessment tools and appraise their content validity, feasibility, and measurement properties. Methods: The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023403566). Electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science) were searched to identify published articles (1 January 2015–1 March 2023), in which stroke knowledge was assessed using a validated tool. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts prior to undertaking full-text review. COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) methods guided the appraisal of content validity (relevance, comprehensiveness, comprehensibility), feasibility, and measurement properties. Results: After removing duplicates, the titles and abstracts of 718 articles were screened; 323 reviewed in full; with 42 included (N = 23 unique stroke knowledge tools). For content validity, all tools were relevant, two were comprehensive, and seven were comprehensible. Validation metrics were reported for internal consistency (n = 20 tools), construct validity (n = 17 tools), cross-cultural validity (n = 15 tools), responsiveness (n = 9 tools), reliability (n = 7 tools), structural validity (n = 3 tools), and measurement error (n = 1 tool). The Stroke Knowledge Test met all content validity criteria, with validation data for six measurement properties (n = 3 rated “Sufficient”). Conclusion: Assessment of stroke knowledge is not standardised and many tools lacked validated content or measurement properties. The Stroke Knowledge Test was the most comprehensive but requires updating and further validation for endorsement as a gold standard.
VALUE CREATION IN SUSTAINABILITY ENTERPRENEURSHIP FROM TRANSFER PRICING PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Alfandia Nurlita Sukma
Published: November 2023

Value creation refers to the process of generating additional value or benefits through various activities, initiatives, or investments. It involves taking resources and transforming them into something of greater worth, whether it's in the form of financial returns, improved products or services, enhanced customer experiences, positive societal impact, or other desirable outcomes. Value creation can occur at different levels, including individual, organizational, and societal levels. In sustainability entrepreneurship, value creation extends beyond financial profitability to include a range of environmental and social benefits. Not only financial gains but also environmental stewardship, social well-being, innovation, stakeholder collaboration, and brand reputation. By addressing pressing global challenges and pursuing sustainable practices, entrepreneurs can generate positive impacts that extend beyond monetary returns and contribute to a more sustainable and equitable future. Value creation in transfer pricing involves assessing the functions, assets, and risks undertaken by entities within an MNE and allocating profits accordingly and requires careful analysis of comparables, intangibles, market conditions, and the documentation of value creation contributions to ensure compliance with transfer pricing regulations. Transfer pricing rules may restrict an organization's capacity for innovation and creativity, which may jeopardise its viability. The purpose of transfer pricing regulations and standards is to make sure that profits are shared in a way that takes into account the economic substance of transactions as well as the value produced by sustainability efforts.
A arte da profissão de quadrinista
Authors: Santos Roberto Elísio dos
Published: November 2023

Resenha de livro.
É verdade ou fake news? Estratégicas linguísticas de manipulação em textos que promovem a desinformação
Authors: Pereira Luiza Prevedel , Antonio Juliano Desiderato
Published: November 2023

As fake news têm se revelado um grande problema do mundo moderno pelo fato de se espalharem muito rapidamente pela internet e influenciarem muitas pessoas em assuntos como política, economia, ciência e saúde. No período da pandemia de covid-19, foi possível observar como as fake news podem ser danosas para a sociedade, levando à descrença nas vacinas por parte de muitas pessoas e ao uso de medicamentos ineficazes como forma de automedicação pela população. Dessa forma, é importante investigar características linguísticas dos textos que promovem a desinformação para encontrar padrões ou pistas que possam levar a uma maior compreensão sobre como as fake news são construídas. Neste artigo, procuramos apresentar duas estratégias linguísticas utilizadas na construção de fake news com a finalidade de manipular as informações.
Remnant Cholesterol in Young Adulthood Is Associated With Left Ventricular Remodeling and Dysfunction in Middle Age: The CARDIA Study
Authors: Xu Xinghao , Wang Zhaoyan , Huang Rihua , Guo Yue , Xiong Zhenyu , Zhuang Xiaodong , Liao Xinxue
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:

Recent studies have shown that remnant cholesterol (RC) is associated with incident heart failure; however, its association with left ventricular (LV) structure and function is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association between RC levels in young adulthood and LV structure and function in middle age.

METHODS:

We included 3321 participants from the CARDIA study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) at baseline. RC was calculated as total cholesterol minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol minus calculated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the RC trajectories that followed a similar pattern of change over time were identified using the latent class growth mixture model. LV structure and function were assessed using echocardiography at CARDIA study year 25. Multivariable linear regression models were performed to assess the associations of both baseline and trajectories of RC levels with LV structure and function.

RESULTS:

Among 3321 participants, the mean age was 24.99±3.62 years: 1450 (43.90%) were male, and 1561 (47.00%) were Black. After multivariate adjustment, higher baseline RC (per SD in log-transformed) was associated with higher LV mass index (β=1.29;
P
=0.004), worse global longitudinal strain (β=0.19;
P
<0.001), worse global circumferential strain (β=0.16;
P
=0.014), lower septal e′ (β=−0.26;
P
<0.001), lower lateral e′ (β=−0.18;
P
=0.003), and higher E/e′ (β=0.15;
P
=0.003). Three RC trajectories were identified during follow-up: low increasing (42.4%), moderate increasing (45.5%), and high increasing (12.1%). Similarly, compared with the low-increasing group, the high-increasing RC trajectory group was related to higher LV mass index, worse global longitudinal strain, lower septal e′, lower lateral e′, and higher E/e′.

CONCLUSIONS:

Elevated RC levels in young adulthood were related to adverse LV structural and functional alterations in midlife. Long-term trajectories of RC levels during young adulthood help identify individuals at a higher risk for adverse LV remodeling and dysfunction.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT00005130.
The Dynamics of Social Interaction Among Evolved Model Agents
Authors: Merritt Haily , Severino Gabriel J. , Izquierdo Eduardo J.
Published: November 2023

We offer three advances to the perceptual crossing simulation studies, which are aimed at challenging methodological individualism in the analysis of social cognition. First, we evolve and systematically test agents in rigorous conditions, identifying a set of 26 “robust circuits” with consistently high and generalizing performance. Next, we transform the sensor from discrete to continuous, facilitating a bifurcation analysis of the dynamics that shows that nonequilibrium dynamics are key to the mutual maintenance of interaction. Finally, we examine agents’ performance with partners whose neural controllers are different from their own and with decoy objects of fixed frequency and amplitude. Nonclonal performance varies and is not predicted by genotypic distance. Frequency-amplitude values that fool the focal agent do not include the agent’s own values. Altogether, our findings accentuate the importance of dynamical and nonclonal analyses for simulated sociality, emphasize the role of dialogue between artificial and human studies, and highlight the contributions of simulation studies to understanding social interactions.
Tracking Components of Bilingual Language Control in Speech Production: An fMRI Study Using Functional Localizers
Authors: Wolna Agata , Szewczyk Jakub , Diaz Michele , Domagalik Aleksandra , Szwed Marcin , Wodniecka Zofia
Published: November 2023

When bilingual speakers switch back to speaking in their native language (L1) after having used their second language (L2), they often experience difficulty in retrieving words in their L1. This phenomenon is referred to as the L2 after-effect. We used the L2 after-effect as a lens to explore the neural bases of bilingual language control mechanisms. Our goal was twofold: first, to explore whether bilingual language control draws on domain-general or language-specific mechanisms; second, to investigate the precise mechanism(s) that drive the L2 after-effect. We used a precision fMRI approach based on functional localizers to measure the extent to which the brain activity that reflects the L2 after-effect overlaps with the language network (Fedorenko et al., 2010) and the domain-general multiple demand network (Duncan, 2010), as well as three task-specific networks that tap into interference resolution, lexical retrieval, and articulation. Forty-two Polish–English bilinguals participated in the study. Our results show that the L2 after-effect reflects increased engagement of domain-general but not language-specific resources. Furthermore, contrary to previously proposed interpretations, we did not find evidence that the effect reflects increased difficulty related to lexical access, articulation, and the resolution of lexical interference. We propose that difficulty of speech production in the picture naming paradigm—manifested as the L2 after-effect—reflects interference at a nonlinguistic level of task schemas or a general increase of cognitive control engagement during speech production in L1 after L2.
Waking up Bats, Hazing Wolves and Draining Snake Lakes – Exploring the EU Habitats Directive’s Prohibition of “Deliberate Disturbance”
Authors: Trouwborst Arie
Published: November 2023

The Habitats Directive requires EU member states to prohibit the “deliberate disturbance” of mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates belonging to species listed in its Annex iv. Through analysis of legislation, case law, guidance documents and practical examples, this article explores the question what types of activities, under what conditions, constitute such deliberate disturbance. The analysis shows that, even if some question marks concerning the disturbance prohibition’s scope remain, many of the prohibition’s implications have by now been clarified by the EU Court of Justice. These implications appear to be of considerable practical importance.
The Regional Energy and Climate Governance: Prospects for Energy Community Contracting Parties in the Aftermath of the European Green Deal
Authors: Samkharadze Irakli
Published: November 2023

All research begins with questions, so here are three: (1) How does the European Green Deal, as a revamped growth strategy of the European Union, foster energy and climate governance in Southeast Europe? (2) What are the key legal instruments and their characteristics of a potential regionalisation of energy and climate governance in the Energy Community Contracting Parties? And (3), to what extent do extra factors of the Green Deal-related legislation expediate the development of a framework for such regional energy and climate governance? Tackling these questions, the research first conceptualizes the Green Deal by unveiling its ‘just transition’ dimension and legal implementation structures. Upon identifying EU’s ex post Green Deal external energy and climate competence, the paper further examines stringency of EU energy and climate governance mechanisms within the Energy Community. In doing so, it gauges the insights of the Governance Regulation and provides the rationale of soft instruments of network cooperation in the areas where blackletter law is somewhat cryptic and complex. Finally, this article outlines the perspectives for future research specifically focusing on the policy fields arising from the EU’s Fit-for-55 package.
Air Pollution Crisis Across Europe: The European Courts, the Governments, the Citizens and the Persistent Ineffectiveness of EU Law
Authors: Pouikli Kleoniki , Tsoukala Ariti
Published: November 2023

Air pollution stands among the most serious environmental problems across Europe leading to grave negative health impacts and numerous premature deaths. Poor air quality has been subject to a comprehensive regulatory framework at EU level since mid-eighties. However, its implementation is still fraught with significant systematic and consistent difficulties. Against this backdrop, after a brief presentation of the main enforcement challenges of the current EU air quality legislative regime, emphasis will be placed on the latest policy and legislative developments in the field, which aspire to tackle the existing ineffectiveness and enforcement gaps. Next, the spotlight will be focused on the air pollution crisis through the lens of human rights, in the wake of the recent judgment by the ECtHR Pavlov and Others v. Russia. Lastly, an attempt will be made to approach the concept of citizen science mechanisms as a possibly useful toolbox to address air pollution crisis.
The EU Just Transition Concept and Its Application in the Case of the Just Transition Mechanism
Authors: Karageorgou Vasiliki (Vicky)
Published: November 2023

The aim of the article is to delve into the question of how the just transition concept that is mainly implemented by the jtm, is determined at the EU level and which are its specific characteristics. The article analyses the concept of just transition and its relation to the concepts that address the social justice implications of the environmental, energy and climate policies. Αdditionally, it examines how certain elements of the concept are incorporated in certain EU Key Strategic Documents. The Just Transition Mechanism is analysed in light of the specific criteria of the just transition concept. The main message is that the EU has adopted a rather limited approach in regard to the determination of the regulative elements of the “just transition” concept and that there is a need for a systematic consideration of the social implications of the EU Decarbonisation and Environmental Policies in their whole spectrum.
Before the War: Orthodox Christians in Anatolia, 1880s–1914
Authors: Ozil Ayşe
Published: November 2023

Orthodox Christians in Anatolia engaged in a widespread effort to establish churches, schools, and cultural associations in the late Ottoman period. This effort lasted roughly from the 1880s until the Great War, marking these few decades in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a period of intense institutionalization. This article historicizes the Orthodox Christian presence in Anatolia by exploring the moment of emergence of modern institutions, which would later provide our most direct and visual knowledge (real or remembered) of Orthodox Christian communities in the Ottoman Empire. Focusing on a diverse range of local, imperial and international actors in provincial space in western Anatolia, the study delineates the contexts and processes of institutionalization. It shows a modern community in the making, and demonstrates how Orthodox Christians consolidated themselves before being forced to leave as a result of the Greek-Turkish War of 1919–22 and the ensuing population exchange.
An Ephemeral State on the Enduring Steppe
Authors: Taupier Richard
Published: November 2023

Baroun Tala, or the Khoshoud Khanate, was the first of three khanates created by the Oirat Mongols of the seventeenth century (1642), followed by the Jöüngar (1678) and Kalmyk Khanates (1681). It rose at a time when the two most powerful noble Oirat lineages, the Choros and Khoshoud, were close allies. The Khoshoud ruled in Kükünour and Tibet from 1642 to 1720, some 78 years. That history is summarised herein. The Khoshoud alliance with the Jöüngars (ruled by the Choros) ended in 1676 when Choros Galdan Boshugtu defeated the Khoshoud Chechen Khan and scattered his people. The Khoshoud Khanate was tied to the Fifth Dalai Lama and the centralisation of governance that occurred under his newly established political authority. The end of the Khoshoud Khanate is linked to the demise of the Sixth Dalai Lama, their failed alliance with the Jöüngars and ultimate capitulation to the Qing.
Houses for People and Houses for Goats
Authors: Nyima Yonten , Yeh Emily T.
Published: November 2023

Since 2000, a number of programmes have been implemented in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China aimed at sedentarisation, defined as the spatial and temporal concentration of pastoralists and their livestock. In our case study village in Nagchu, a programme to move pastoralists into concentrated housing failed to sedentarise them. By contrast, a secondary programme component to build subsidised livestock shelters has had a much more pronounced effect on reducing human as well as livestock mobility. We adopt assemblage thinking as a methodology for critical policy analysis to understand how and why this was the case. Whereas no effort was made to undertake the labour needed to create an assemblage of herders living in concentrated housing, multiple contingent processes came together to create an assemblage around the reduction of mobility through the building of houses for goats. These include the biological effects of livestock shelters on goat tolerance to cold stress, as observed by herders, budget constraints in the goat shelter programme, as well as a long-standing village institution of unified livestock movement.
Emergency Language Policy: Principles and Lessons from the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Civico Marco , Gialdini Cecilia , Gazzola Michele , Marnoch Gordon
Published: November 2023

This article introduces and discusses the concept of Emergency Language Policy. Research in language policy and planning has not paid enough attention to the study of language policies in emergency situations, when usually there is little or no time to study and investigate in-depth the existing conditions of a language before planning interventions. The Covid-19 outbreak provided the opportunity to critically examine the way multilingual communication was handled in 2020, particularly in relation to linguistic minorities in Europe. While this article does not aim at proposing a theory of Emergency Language Policy, it sets out some recommendations and principles for future policies to minimise inequalities that structurally disadvantage linguistic minorities. The study of language policy in an emergency should focus on the preparation of flexible, rapid intervention contingency plans to be deployed in case of need, and on the creation and maintenance of systems capable of reacting to the unpredictable and of monitoring short-term changes.
Further New Perspectives on Dostoevsky: ‘Winter Notes on Summer Impressions’. An Intermedial Approach to Dostoevsky’s London Visit
Authors: Zohrab Irene
Published: November 2023

The article examines F. M. Dostoevsky’s visit to London in the summer of 1862, in the course of his first trip abroad, which resulted in the writing of Winter Notes on Summer Impressions. A Summer-Long Feuilleton. The task to untangle the impact of numerous impressions on Dostoevsky’s creative process is initiated and the newly arisen circumstances that he encountered on his return to St. Petersburg highlighted. Winter Notes is viewed as a groundbreaking work in Dostoevsky’s canon that contains the seeds of future great works, though not primarily in accordance with the multiple ideologically based readings that have sought to define it. Instead Winter Notes is recognised for its author’s aesthetic explorations into poetics within the confines of Tsarist censorship which required that ‘Official Nationality’, the imperial ideological doctrine be upheld. Dostoevsky’s visit to the 1862 International Exhibition and its art galleries is addressed for the first time on the basis of his brother Mikhail’s letters and other evidence. The exhibition building and the works of William Hogarth, John Martin and J.M.W.Turner are singled out. Their imprint on Dostoevsky’s feuilleton is observed through the stages of impressions gained via intermedial interplay. It affirms that pre-existing notions in the ‘discourse of Englishness’ were absorbed and reinvented by Dostoevsky with the use of figurative language, clarifying the origin of metaphors used in the text, together with literary and biblical allusions. A list of Russian and British artists exhibiting in the International Exhibition of 1862 is included.
Victim Status of Individuals in Climate Change Litigation before the ECtHR
Authors: Mariconda Antonio
Published: November 2023

The climate change applications currently pending before the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) present substantial challenges to the status quo of the Strasbourg system, encompassing both merits and admissibility issues. Of particular concern is their compliance with the admissibility requirement outlined in Article 34 of the European Convention of Human Rights (echr), which stipulates that applicants must be victims of a violation of the Convention by a State to file a case before the Court. Given the diffuse nature of the harms stemming from climate change, identifying individuals as victims of its effects and, consequently, whose rights are allegedly infringed upon, becomes a complex task. Furthermore, establishing a direct causal link between the harm endured and the actions or omissions of a single State proves to be equally challenging. Therefore, the aim of this article is to scrutinize how this admissibility requirement might operate in the cases at hand. In particular, it argues that, albeit with some caveats, it is legally possible to consider some climate change applicants as both direct and potential victims, as per the definitions established by the case law of the ECtHR. Nevertheless, this solution could pose significant challenges to the legitimacy and efficiency of the Strasbourg system, which the Court will have to prevent when deciding these cases.
Cytospora berberidicola sp. nov. (Diaporthales, Cytosporaceae) in China
Authors: LIU YUN , CHI BAO-JIE , JIANG NING , YANG XIANG-LI , LIU JIN
Published: November 2023

Several Cytospora species have been identified as pathogens that cause canker diseases. In this study, we examined the causal agent of stem canker on Berberis thunbergii var. atropurpurea in Tibet, China. Three fungal strains were isolated that exhibited morphological characteristics consistent with Cytospora, displaying hyaline and allantoid conidia. Differentiation of species within this genus primarily relies on morphology and molecular data. A new species, Cytospora berberidicola, is introduced based on morphology and molecular data of combined ACT, ITS, RPB2, TEF1 and TUB2 sequences.
Lectotypification of the name Actinotinus sinensis (Adoxaceae)
Authors: DENG YUNFEI , LIU JUN
Published: November 2023

The specimen, Henry 4058, the type of Actinotinus sinensis was found through the trick prepared by one of Henry’s collectors who has artfully inserted an inflorescence of Viburnum into the terminal bud of an Aesculus. According to the Code operating prior to 1975, the name Actinotinus and A. sinensis must be abandoned, but they may be available for use under the current Code. The application of the names Actinotinus and A. sinensis are confusable. To clarify the confused situation, the part of inflorescence and flowers is chosen as the lectotype for the name A. sinensis for the purpose of maintaining the nomenclatural stability.
Neotypification, distribution, and conservation status of Austrocylindropuntia cylindrica (Cactaceae)
Authors: LOAIZA S. CHRISTIAN R.
Published: November 2023

Austrocylindropuntia cylindrica (Cactaceae) is neotypified based on a specimen preserved at ASU (isoneotype at DES) collected in the northern Andean region of Ecuador. The few details reported in the original description and its historical and current distribution suggest that the species was most likely originally collected from Ecuador rather than Peru. Additionally, an updated map of the distribution of A. cylindrica in the Andean region is presented.
Clarification of the typification of the Linnaean name Lycopodium sanguinolentum (Selaginellaceae)
Authors: DAS PIU , MAZUMDAR JAIDEEP
Published: November 2023

N/A
A new species of the genus Calchaenesthes Kraatz, 1863 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) from Cyprus
Authors: LAZAREV MAXIM
Published: November 2023

The new species is similar to Calchaenesthes primis Özdikmen, 2013 (Figs. 3-4) described from south Anatolia (Içel province) and was often mixed with it (Ambrus, Grosser & Hrbek, 2014; Özdikmen & Cihan, 2018; Danilevsky, 2020). Recently I received a good series of Calchaenesthes from Cyprus, and see several important characters, which distinguish the island population. It is described below as a new species.
Taxonomic study of the genus Dactylolabis Osten Sacken, 1860 of Japan (Diptera: Limoniidae)
Authors: KATO DAICHI
Published: November 2023

Japanese species of the genus Dactylolabis Osten Sacken, 1860 are revised. One new species, D. kyororo sp. nov. is described and the two other species of the genus, D. diluta Alexander, 1922 and D. longicauda Alexander, 1922, are redescribed, with images of the habitus and wings, and drawings of the terminalia. A subspecies of D. longicauda Alexander, 1922 described from Yakushima Island, D. longicauda megastylata Alexander, 1930, is synonymized with the nominotypical subspecies. A key to the species is provided.
‘Out of the Penal System and into the Hospital Regime?’ Judicial Challenges in Sentencing Mentally Disordered Offenders and the Likely Impact of the 2020 Sentencing Council Guideline
Authors: O’Sullivan Owen P , Eastman Nigel
Published: November 2023

Mentally disordered offenders may be vulnerable yet also pose particular risk to the public. Achieving appropriate sentencing poses complex challenges for judges in properly determining culpability and punishment, protecting the public, and meeting any identified treatment needs of the defendant. With respect to all three elements there is likely to be necessary reliance upon psychiatric expertise. Despite much previous statutory guidance, there has not – until very recently – been available specific sentencing guidelines from the Sentencing Council (SC) to assist the judiciary in what is a profoundly difficult exercise. This review describes and considers the guidance available to the judiciary in the Crown Courts of England and Wales regarding the various disposal options – including that which ‘hybridises’ penal and treatment disposal – in addition to facilitating and properly limiting the role of expert evidence. A specific focus is on contextualising, and commenting upon, the SC's recently published Guidance, Sentencing Offenders with Mental Disorders, Developmental Disorders or Neurological Impairments, which seeks to consolidate information, improve knowledge, reduce confusion, and assist the courts towards properly and consistently addressing the relevance of mental disorder to sentencing. In doing so, in the authors’ view, it privileges punishment over public safety, leaving judges to address public safety largely without the benefit of the explicit ‘routes to sentencing’ approach of the Guidance.
Unpacking Frailty and Gendered Rules of Sport: Women Cricketers’ Experiences of Practice and Play in Rajasthan, India
Authors: Sharma Shruti
Published: November 2023

Sport has historically furthered the myth of female frailty by making it the basis for women’s exclusion from early participation, and hitherto, for inclusion on restricted conditions. The article focuses on the gendered rules of play in cricket which manifest materially by altering an object, the space and temporality of play translating into the use of a smaller ball within a shorter boundary and lesser hours of playtime for women in comparison to men. While the historical and existing justifications for each of the differences in rules revolve around varied meanings of what ‘being frail’ entails for women, the supposed easing of conditions is also expected to encourage and enable women to emulate men’s style of play, and hence, make their game ‘exciting’. Drawing from fieldwork and interviews of women cricketers who represent the state of Rajasthan (India) in the Board of Control for Cricket in India domestic tournaments, the article unpacks the on-ground manifestation of the three gendered rules to argue that the altered nature of play makes the women’s version more challenging and hence, distinct and separate from the men’s version and its valuations. Foregrounding women’s layered experiences, the article shows the way women play sport cannot be captured within the imposed binary logic of frail and non-frail.
Resource Hopping: Examining the Policy Barriers Faced and Strategies Used to Establish Partnerships for Students Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Edwards Earl J.
Published: November 2023

Effective support for students experiencing homelessness requires collaboration and coordination within and between agencies. However, this can be difficult for communities with limited resources and majority Black and Latino populations. This article explores the challenges faced by a divested urban school district in establishing meaningful community partnerships for supporting homeless students. Using an anti-deficit achievement framework and structural racism lens, interviews with district personnel, city and county government, and community-based organizations illustrate how homeless liaisons overcame structural and political barriers by seeking informal support networks outside their city and partnering with organizations beyond their immediate jurisdiction to better serve students experiencing homelessness. Building upon recent discourse on how to best support students experiencing homelessness, this article offers a much needed examination of the role of homeless liaisons in implementing MVA.
Prevalence of intestinal parasites and associated risk factors among schoolchildren from Unión de Reyes municipality, Matanzas Province, Cuba
Authors: Cañete Roberto , Navarro Saylis , Alpízar Jackeline , Brito Katia
Published: November 2023

Intestinal parasites are widely distributed around the world and children are the most common affected group. The prevalence of intestinal parasites and associated risk factors by a cross-sectional study among children at a primary school in the Union de Reyes municipality, Matanzas province, Cuba, was carried out during April–May, 2022. Blastocystis spp. and Giardia intestinalis were the most common parasites found.
Dramatherapy-informed facilitation in opera outreach for adults with learning disabilities
Authors: Seubert Florian J
Published: November 2023

Although opera outreach has gathered momentum over the last few years, opera is still often overlooked as a potent multisensory tool in dramatherapy, perhaps due to its association predominantly with music and music therapy. Using drama-related case studies, this article wants to breathe new life into the discourse of opera therapy initiated by music therapist Emma O’Brien in 2006. It further ties in with a discourse around dramatherapy work for adults with learning disabilities. The article traces how inclusive engagement techniques inspired by Francisco Cilea’s opera L’Arlesiana can be rendered useful within a dramatherapeutic context. The project was facilitated as part of Opera Holland Park’s accessibility programme in 2019. By sharpening consciousness for the distinct contributions to opera therapy from individual disciplines other than music therapy, the article hopes to put opera back on the map as a medium also for other creative therapies to explore.
Urban planning law in the face of the Olympic challenge: Between innovation and criticism of exceptional urban regeneration
Authors: Zembri-Mary Geneviève , Engrand-Linder Virginie
Published: November 2023

Being awarded the organisation the Olympic and Paralympic Games (OG) implies that the host cities must tackle several major challenges: The mandatory delivery of the Olympic venues (sport, transport and athletes housing) by the date of the OPG, and the post-Olympic sustainability. Organising the Games demands exceptional urban planning and governance. This article analyses planning law amendments to be made for the OPG in various fields (environment, building permits, participation, etc.), and looks at the link between the level of waiver and the implementation of certain types of urban planning projects (sport venues and flagship projects of international scope). The study is based on a comparative approach to three Olympiads: Paris 2024, London 2012 and Athens 2004, each representing a different level of interaction between the urban project and the Olympic projects. Three aspects are addressed: (1) the political, legal and planning strategies of how to integrate the OPG project into urban mega-projects (which are ‘exceptional’ projects by nature); (2) the waivers and innovations in town planning law; (3) a critical analysis of the specific governance and the socio-economic impacts of these mega-projects on the local residents.
Vascular synthesis based on hemodynamic efficiency principle recapitulates measured cerebral circulation properties in the human brain
Authors: Linninger Andreas A , Ventimiglia Thomas , Jamshidi Mohammad , Pascal Suisse Mathieu , Alaraj Ali , Lesage Frédéric , Li Xin , Schwartz Daniel L , Rooney William D
Published: November 2023

Quantifying anatomical and hemodynamical properties of the brain vasculature in vivo is difficult due to limited spatiotemporal resolution neuroimaging, variability between subjects, and bias between acquisition techniques. This work introduces a metabolically inspired vascular synthesis algorithm for creating a digital representation of the cortical blood supply in humans. Spatial organization and segment resistances of a cortical vascular network were generated. Cortical folding and macroscale arterial and venous vessels were reconstructed from anatomical MRI and MR angiography. The remaining network, including ensembles representing the parenchymal capillary bed, were synthesized following a mechanistic principle based on hydrodynamic efficiency of the cortical blood supply. We evaluated the digital model by comparing its simulated values with in vivo healthy human brain measurements of macrovessel blood velocity from phase contrast MRI and capillary bed transit times and bolus arrival times from dynamic susceptibility contrast. We find that measured and simulated values reasonably agree and that relevant neuroimaging observables can be recapitulated in silico. This work provides a basis for describing and testing quantitative aspects of the cerebrovascular circulation that are not directly observable. Future applications of such digital brains include the investigation of the organ-wide effects of simulated vascular and metabolic pathologies.
Numerical investigation on the failure mode of the upper shear hinge in steel spring floating slab track
Authors: Lu Yuhang , Shen Dejian , Shao Haoze , Li Ming , Zong Da
Published: November 2023

Fracture on hinge bars and fixed bolts of upper shear hinges is a common problem in prefabricated steel spring floating slab tracks (SSFST), adversely affecting train operation safety and comfort. To investigate the potential failure modes, this paper established a four-slab SSFST model to analyze the force condition of upper shear hinges. Force transmission between floating slabs as well as the stress level of the hinge bars and fixed bolts under the most unfavorable vehicle cases were respectively simulated by the structural mechanics method (SMM) and the FEA software ABAQUS. Stress influence lines of hinge bars and fixed bolts under the moving vehicle load resulting from ABAQUS were extracted to evaluate the fatigue behavior based on the fatigue S-N curve by the post-processing software FE-SAFE. Furthermore, the influence of different pre-tightening force on fixed bolts’ fatigue behavior was discussed. The results of the two simulation methods match well, suggesting that force between floating slabs is mainly transmitted by rails, while shear hinges only account for about 1/3 of the bending moment and 1/5 of the shearing force. Hinge bars and fixed bolts are both sufficient in strength, yet fatigue problem is likely to happen to the latter. The fatigue failure mode and location of fixed bolts are related to the value of pre-tightening force. Large stress range or high stress mean always exists as the pre-tightening force varies, meaning that bolt fatigue is an intrinsic failure mode of the upper shear hinge in SSFST.
The effects of esketamine on the intestinal microenvironment and intestinal microbiota in mice
Authors: Zhang Ying , Ma Wenhao , Lin Hao , Gu Xuefeng , Xie Hong
Published: November 2023

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the impact of esketamine on the intestinal flora and microenvironment in mice using mRNA transcriptome sequencing and 16S rRNA sequencing.

Methods

Ten female mice were randomly assigned to two groups. One group received daily intramuscular injections of sterile water, while the other group received esketamine. After 24 days, the mice were sacrificed, and their intestinal tissues and contents were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing and mRNA transcriptome sequencing. The intergroup differences in the mouse intestinal flora were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes were utilized to construct ceRNA networks and transcription factor regulatory networks to assess the effects of esketamine on the intestinal flora and intestinal tissue genes.

Results

Esketamine significantly altered the abundance of intestinal microbiota, including Adlercreutzia equolifaciens and Akkermansia muciniphila. Differential expression analysis revealed 301 significantly upregulated genes and 106 significantly downregulated genes. The ceRNA regulatory network consisted of 6 lncRNAs, 44 miRNAs, and 113 mRNAs, while the regulatory factor network included 13 transcription factors and 53 target genes. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes were primarily associated with immunity, including B-cell activation and humoral immune response mediation. The biological processes in the ceRNA regulatory network primarily involved transport, such as organic anion transport and monocarboxylic acid transport. The functional annotation of target genes in the TF network was mainly related to epithelial cells, including epithelial cell proliferation and regulation.

Conclusion

Esketamine induces changes in gut microbiota and the intestinal microenvironment, impacting the immune environment and transport modes.
Entrepreneurial Engagement of Faculty in Higher Educational Institutions: A Review of Literature 2011–2023
Authors: Sahu Dipan Kumar , Pawar Sucheta , Gaur Prerna , Jain Sudhir K.
Published: November 2023

The article provides a systematic literature review on faculty entrepreneurial engagement from 2011 onwards. Faculty entrepreneurial engagement means faculty participation in all different activities that lead to fulfilling Higher Educational Institution’s all three missions—teaching, research and entrepreneurship. The article consolidated research on the concept of faculty entrepreneurial engagement, its scope, determinants and prominent antecedents. Research results suggest that faculty entrepreneurial engagement has two dimensions—faculty can be academic entrepreneur or entrepreneurial academic—two forms of engagement, formal and informal. Their effective participation is influenced by array of individual, organizational and institutional factors. Faculty participation is often stimulated by entrepreneurial eco-system built and motivation provided by organizations which is the scope of future research.
Resource Linkages, Organizational Slack and Restructuring Behaviour Decisions
Authors: Wang Shan-Huei
Published: November 2023

This study uses resource-based theory to examine the relationship among parent-subsidiary resource linkages, organizational slack and parent firms’ restructuring behaviours. By using data from 199 Taiwanese firms investing in Greater China and global markets. This study shows that their international strategy decision regarding resource allocation and similarity has no significant effects on the parent firm’s restructuring behaviours unless that firm has sufficient slack resources to support the restructuring. In addition, parent firms are more likely to acquire subsidiaries with dissimilar resources among their group members, than ones having similar resources same as the parent firm. Moreover, there is a U-shaped relationship between organizational slack and the parent firm’s restructuring behaviour decisions. This study constructs the research framework under the resource-based theory and examines the relationships between resource allocation, resource similarity and parent firms’ restructuring behaviour in conditions of organizational slack.
Multinodal Cervical Angiomyomatous Hamartoma
Authors: Mackay Georgia , Johnston James , Mallick Sameer , Khanijow Vinod
Published: November 2023

Angiomyomatous hamartoma (AMH) is a rare benign lesion of the lymph nodes. Angiomyomatous hamartoma tends to be found in inguinal lymph nodes, and usually in a single lymph node. We present a rare care case of a 53-year-old presenting with a neck lump, found to be AMH involving multiple lymph nodes in her neck. To our knowledge, this is the first case presenting with multiple nodes in this location. There are a limited number of case reports describing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of AMH lesions located in inguinal and head and neck regions. Our MRI findings revealed the mass had intermediate T1 enhancement, high T2 signal enhancement, and high post-gadolinium enhancement and fat saturation of the lesion. Angiomyomatous hamartoma is a histological diagnosis, distinguished from other similar nodal vascular lesions by a number of key features: including the presence of central nodal distribution, muscular blood vessel walls, adipose tissue, and HMB45 negative staining. Early recognition of this benign lesion may have implications for a patient's clinical course and surgical requirements.
Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Chest Wall Protruding into the Thoracic Cavity Mimicking Metastasis in a Patient with Breast Cancer
Authors: Nova-Camacho Luiz M. , Razquín Socorro , Panizo Angel
Published: November 2023

Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a rare soft tissue tumor of intermediate malignancy and uncertain differentiation. To date, only four patients diagnosed with AFH located in the chest wall have been described. Herein, we describe a 44-year-old woman diagnosed with breast infiltrating lobular carcinoma. During the imaging study with positron emission tomography-computerized tomography scan, a 4 cm solid lesion located in the chest wall was identified. Fine-needle aspiration followed by surgical excision with intraoperative frozen section study was performed. The combined histomorphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings confirmed the diagnosis of AFH. In this report, we describe, to the best of our knowledge, the first patient with synchronous AFH and breast cancer.
Resisting the Objectification of Qualitative Research: The Unsilencing of Context, Researchers, and Noninterview Data
Authors: Hansen Hans , Elias Sara R. S. T. A. , Stevenson Anna , Smith Anne D. , Alexander Benjamin N. B. , Barros Marcos
Published: November 2023

Based on an analysis of qualitative research papers published between 2019 and 2021 in four top-tier management journals, we outline three interrelated silences that play a role in the objectification of qualitative research: silencing of noninterview data, silencing the researcher, and silencing context. Our analysis unpacks six silencing moves: creating a hierarchy of data, marginalizing noninterview data, downplaying researcher subjectivity, weakening the value of researcher interpretation, thin description, and backgrounding context. We suggest how researchers might resist the objectification of qualitative research and regain its original promise in developing more impactful and interesting theories: noninterview data can be unsilenced by democratizing data sources and utilizing nonverbal data, the researcher can be unsilenced by leveraging engagement and crafting interpretations, and finally, context can be unsilenced by foregrounding context as an interpretative lens and contextualizing the researcher, the researched, and the research project. Overall, we contribute to current understandings of the objectification of qualitative research by both unpacking particular moves that play a role in it and delineating specific practices that help researchers embrace subjectivity and engage in inspired theorizing.