bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dimensions of the Patient Journey
Authors: Bjerg Kresten
Published: May 2011

The ways a person’s illnesses and afflictions are socially constructed and culturally conceived amongst relatives and friends as biographically contextualized in the narratives of a known life-journey are contrasted with modern conceptions of “Patient Journey” in the digitizing of medical care in hospitals and in computerized GP Consultations. In this chapter most relevant dimensions of a personal life-journey support system – across health, handicaps and illness - are outlined. The chapter demonstrates a new road to facilitate private logging of phenomena, a coherent and sedimenting self-narrative not only in text, picture and sound, but also through user-network-developed pictographic fonts. Inclusion of biotelemetric data and virtual body imaging as part of such support systems are considered. And questions are raised concerning the future of thus skilled chronic patients’ interfacing most trusted helpers, fellow-sufferers and wider shared social platforms of Patient Journey Records.
Global Health Google
Authors: LaPorte Ronald , Linkov Faina , Shubnikov Eugene , Lovalekar Mita , Aziz Ayesha , Sauer Francois , Team Supercourse
Published: May 2011

We evaluate and illustrate the utility of Google Tools for assessing research communications in Global Health. Page Ranks (PR) appear to be an important tool or utility for ranking the impact pages with the logic that PR determine which pages will be seen in a search. Google Trends provided very intriguing results as with this one can assess the temporal trends in searching. Google analyses appear to be very powerful to evaluate the translation of scientific knowledge.
Testing the Waters
Authors: Axtell Tom , Chaulk Cassandra , Kinnon Dianne , Martin Carmel M. , Wood Michele
Published: May 2011

This chapter describes focus group testing in a small community in the Labrador Inuit Land Claim area of the online information system ‘Community Accounts,’ developed by the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Key data users were engaged in a hands-on process to help determine what information and data would be useful in an Inuit Web directory. The purpose was to obtain a better understanding of how Inuit use statistics to better understand the broad determinants of health. Inuit continue to take further steps toward managing Inuit specific data in order to create comprehensive health policies and programs and affect decision-making.
A History of Distance Education
Authors: Rickman Wendy , Wiedmaier Cheryl
Published: May 2011

Flash-forward to today’s world of instant-access in a technology driven society, where distance education has grown in viability and become a business. Whether provided via a traditional, land-based university or college to earn a formal degree, to complete professional development, or to seek additional certification, or by a for-profit organization or corporation to train their employees and advance their workers’ skills, people can access a well-developed range of educational services through distance education to better their lives and livelihoods regardless of the physical separation between themselves and the sponsoring institution. The main difference between distance education’s beginnings and today’s educational services is the medium used to conduct learning. The postal services may still be used as a secondary mode of communication and print is still a constant technologic tool, but the expanding success of distance education can be attributed to providing education that 1) spans great distances between citizens and educational institutions, both geographically and socio-economically; 2) quenches the thirst for education; and 3) utilizes the rapid advancement of technology (Casey, 2008).
Leading a Change Initiative
Authors: Albritton Shelly
Published: May 2011

This chapter explores the challenges that a college of education in a South-Central university faced with online learning. Nationally, there has been an exponential growth in the demand and subsequent delivery of online courses. The college experienced a similar growth trend and has had its share of successes and disillusionments in its journey. The college’s technology committee explored faculty perceptions of online learning. This case study details the findings of the action research and presents the initial steps for implementing changes to improve practices and perceptions with online learning. However, the initial efforts of the technology committee have just begun to scratch the surface of systemic change. The chapter concludes with the committee’s goals, objectives, and action plans to continue to lead the college through a change process to improve the practices and perceptions of online learning.
Student Epistemic Beliefs as a Catalyst for Online Course Design
Authors: Conn Samuel S. , Hall Simin , Herndon Michael K.
Published: May 2011

The construct of this chapter (a research-based case study) provides detail regarding the analysis of research on undergraduate student epistemic beliefs to develop and apply a rubric for eLearning course development (Hannafin & Hill, 2007). According to Ravert and Evans (2007), students have differing epistemic beliefs regarding the nature of knowledge and knowing. In this chapter, the authors provide a methodology for determining the epistemic beliefs of a given student population and application of the findings in online course construction and pedagogy.
The Third Time’s for Charm
Authors: Webster-Smith Angela
Published: May 2011

This case examines a three-semester journey of an instructor’s efforts to augment face-to-face course delivery with online instruction. Her mission was threefold: (1) to update a school-based organizational leadership course to become more relevant to the profession, (2) to develop students’ proficiencies for building leadership capacity and organizational intelligence, and (3) to cultivate relational, online learning communities. The author shares the failures and triumphs she experienced in developing her capacity for quality, online course design and instruction and in realizing the aforementioned goals in an online environment. The differentiation of instructor strategies and learner outcomes are highlighted vis-à-vis standards of quality online design and time-honored student reflections.
Avoiding Isolation through Collaborative Learning and Lecture Videos
Authors: Hughes Gail D. , Tsemunhu Rudo
Published: May 2011

To examine the impacts of collaborative learning and video lectures, 94 students enrolled in online- graduate research and statistics classes completed a survey rating the impacts of course instructional methods and learning style preferences. Students’ comments suggested that the instructional methods brought the classroom to the online learner for many students, yet did not reveal a most preferred learning option.
Quick Takes on Ethics and Games Voices from Industry and Academia
Authors: Consalvo Mia , Costikyan Greg , Davidson Drew , Fortugno Nick , Shaenfield David , Vigeant Pete , Weaver Christopher , Schrier Karen
Published: May 2011

In this chapter, seven experts from the games industry and from academia discuss late-breaking and big picture trends in ethics and games. Rather than deep analyses of the issues, these brief perspectives introduce main ideas related to current problems in ethics and games. These quick takes open up discourse on timely topics and ask questions that will lead to new research streams. A microcosm of the entire book, these quick reflections telegraph the themes that will emerge in the rest of the book. First, Mia Consalvo will discusses decision making in Dragon Age; next Greg Costikyan talks about Diplomacy and how game mechanics support ethical behavior. Drew Davidson then provides a meditation on the value of games, Nick Fortugno talks about ethics and Farmville, and educator David Shaenfield looks at new ways to support citizenship skills through gaming. Finally, designer Pete Vigeant gives his personal take on Red Dead Redemption and Bethesda Softworks founder and MIT professor Christopher Weaver unpacks controversies surrounding games.
The Axis of Good and Evil
Authors: Melenson Jonathan
Published: May 2011

Many games classify player decisions as either “good” or “evil.” This ignores the full range of moral behavior exhibited in real life and creates a false dichotomy: morally gray actions are overlooked or forced into one category or the other. The way actions are assigned to each category is subjective and biased toward the developers’ own moral beliefs. The result is a system that fails to capture ethical nuance and take morality seriously. This chapter examines how a good-and-evil moral framework compromises gameplay, and then proposes a solution.
How Games Can Touch You
Authors: Khandaker Mitu
Published: May 2011

Novel kinesthetic and mimetic video game interfaces, such as the Wii Remote, PlayStation Move, and Microsoft Kinect, are seeing widespread mainstream appeal. However, with games ranging from the family-friendly Rock Band series, to the banned Manhunt 2, this chapter discusses the ethical implications of interfaces that seek to increase the verisimilitude of our game experiences, and offers a position from which to further consider the controller as an integral part of the overall game design.
Power to the People
Authors: Gunraj Andrea , Ruiz Susana , York Ashley
Published: May 2011

This chapter defines basic principles of anti-oppression and its ethical implications. Anti-oppression is a framework used in social work and community organizing that broadly challenges power imbalances between different groups of people in society. This chapter positions these principles in the realm of game creation and argue for their use—particularly in the development of social issue games that in one way or another seek to spotlight and challenge social power imbalances. While the chapter outlines some essential theory, it ultimately takes a practice-based perspective to make a case for and support the incorporation of anti-oppressive principles in game design and development. It features the work of five organizations from around the world about their strategies for implementing equity in game/interactive design and development, and closes with broad guidelines to support integration of anti-oppression principles in game creation.
Games, Ethics and Engagement
Authors: Adams Sharman Siebenthal , Holden Jeremiah
Published: May 2011

This chapter examines ethical ambiguities confronted by the design and play of serious games focused on civic engagement. Our findings derive from our examination of two educational simulation games that focus on contemporary issues related to social and political conflict. We believe game simulations are complex in nature and offer particularly rich environments for cognitive learning. Within the following chapter we examine the relationship between games and learning, specific approaches to game design, and the ability of games to encourage civic engagement. While we found that game participants gained knowledge of curricular content and practiced democratic skills during their experiences with the online simulations, there also occurred unintended consequences. In turn, we believe it is critical to analyze deeper ethical ambiguities related to the consequences of civic-minded game design and gameplay and support research efforts to further recognize and expand upon the development and research of serious games involving civic-minded educational online simulations.
Combined Impact of Outsourcing and Hard Times on BPO Risk and Security
Authors: Axelrod C. Warren , Haldar Sukumar
Published: May 2011

The security of business processes, particularly those based on IT (information technology) systems, is at increased risk when the processes are outsourced, especially during difficult economic times. This chapter examines factors affecting the cyber security of BPO (business process outsourcing) and argues that the combination of effects of outsourcing and the economic environment leads to even greater levels of risk than do the individual components. Suggestions are made as to how the risks might be mitigated.
Emergency Response to Mumbai Terror Attacks
Authors: Shankar Divya , Agrawal Manish , Rao H. Raghav
Published: May 2011

The Mumbai terror attacks of November 2008 lasted for over 60 hours and resulted in the death of over 172 people. The attack revealed several shortcomings of the emergency response preparedness in Mumbai. This chapter concentrates on the emergency response provided and uses activity theory to analyze it. The authors explore the diverse dimensions of emergency, determine the lessons learned from the incident and evaluate the emergency response. They suggest how operations could be improved thus setting a standard for any future emergency response.
Pirates of the Copyright and Cyberspace
Authors: Chaudhary Charulata , Kang Ishupal Singh
Published: May 2011

The chapter discusses the issues involved in the protection of copyrights of intellectual creation over the Internet. The chapter focuses upon concept of liability and jurisdiction in cyberspace in context of the threat of violation of the rights of copyright holders. The chapter examines the role of technological advancement vis-à-vis the legal scenario make several observations and suggestions in regard.
An Examination of Identity Management Models in an Internet Setting
Authors: Giuliani Kenneth J. , Murty V. Kumar
Published: May 2011

The purpose of this chapter is to examine the strengths and weaknesses of the most commonly used model for digital identities. It is compared to other models which have preceded it, thus giving a background on its development. The models are measured against a set of criteria which it is desirable for an identity management system to have. The underlying hope is that understanding this model will help improve it or even lead to a different model.
Detecting Cheating Aggregators and Report Dropping Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Virendra Mohit , Duan Qi , Upadhyaya Shambhu
Published: May 2011

This chapter focuses on an important, challenging and yet largely unaddressed problem in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) data communication: detecting cheating aggregators and malicious/selfish discarding of data reports en route to the Base Stations (BSs). If undetected, such attacks can significantly affect the performance of applications. The goal is to make the aggregation process tamper-resistant so that the aggregator cannot report arbitrary values, and to ensure that silent discarding of data reports by intermediate en-route nodes is detected in a bounded fashion. In our model, individual node readings are aggregated into data reports by Aggregator Nodes or Cluster Heads and forwarded to the BS. BS performs a two-stage analysis on these reports: (a) Verification through attached proofs, (b) Comparison with Proxy Reports for ensuring arrival accuracy. Proofs are non-interactive verifiers sent with reports to attest correctness of reported values. Proxy Reports are periodically sent along alternate paths by non-aggregator nodes, piggybacked on data reports from other nodes. The model is intended as a guide for implementing security in real sensor network applications. It is simple and comprehensive, covering a variety of data formats and aggregation models: numeric and non-numeric data and aggregators located across one or multiple hops. Security analysis shows that the reports, both primary and proxy, cannot be forged by any outsiders and the contents of the reports are held confidential and the scheme is robust against collusion attacks. Lightweight design aims at minimal additional control and energy overhead. Simulation results show its fault tolerance against random and patterned node failures.
Metamorphic Malware Analysis and Detection Methods
Authors: Vinod P. , Laxmi V. , Gaur M.S.
Published: May 2011

The term ‘malware’ is collectively used for any program which accesses the system through surreptitious (often unauthorized) means, with malicious intent, resulting in data loss and/or corruption. Some examples are viruses, worms, trojans, botnets etc. Malware is becoming a world-wide epidemic as one infected computer system may compromise all networked systems. Millions of computers connected to the Internet exchange useful data and information and are exposed to malware threats. Malware programs may apply different techniques for unauthorized access, but all of them compromise the system in one way or another. In order to protect from the threats imposed by the malware, we need to understand the techniques used by them in exploiting system vulnerabilities and build an effective detection system. This contribution chapter surveys various malware types, infection mechanisms, detection techniques and metamorphic viruses. This chapter also presents a Longest Common Subsequence (LCS) based methodology for metamorphic malware detection.
Error Linear Complexity Measures of Binary Multisequences
Authors: Sindhu M. , Sajan S. Kumar , Sethumadhavan M.
Published: May 2011

The joint linear complexity and k - error joint linear complexity of an m - fold 2n periodic multisequence can be efficiently computed using Modified Games Chan algorithm and Extended Stamp Martin Algorithm respectively. In this chapter the authors derive an algorithm which, given a constant c and an m – fold 2n periodic binary multisequence S, computes the minimum number k of errors and the associated error multisequence needed over a period of S for bringing the joint linear complexity of S below c . They derived another algorithm for finding the joint linear complexity of 3. 2v periodic binary multisequence.
Business Process Digitalization and New Product Development
Authors: Li Jun , Merenda Michael , Venkatachalam A.R.
Published: May 2011

Previous research has largely ignored how business process digitalization across the value chain enhances firm innovation. This chapter examines the relationship between the extensiveness of business process digitalization (BPD) and new product development (NPD) in a sample of 85 small U.S. manufacturers. Scores of extensiveness were derived from the number of adopted e-business practices regarding inter and intra-firm activities such as: customer and supplier services (computer-aided design and manufacturing), employee services (education/training), and industry scanning (technology sourcing). The authors found that (1) NPD is positively related to the extensive use of BPD, and (2) the relationship between NPD and the extensiveness of BPD is stronger in more mature firms than that in younger firms. The authors conclude that small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) production innovation strategies are positively associated with the strategic use of BPD and span spatial, temporal, organizational, and industry boundaries thus aiding SME global competitiveness.
Consumer Responses to the Introduction of Privacy Protection Measures
Authors: Xu Heng
Published: May 2011

Information privacy is at the center of discussion and controversy among multiple stakeholders including business leaders, privacy activists, and government regulators. However, conceptualizations of information privacy have been somewhat patchy in current privacy literature. In this paper, we review the conceptualizations of information privacy through three different lenses (information exchange, social contract and information control), and then try to build upon previous literature from multiple theoretical lenses to create a common understanding of the organization-consumer information interaction in the context of Business-to-Consumer electronic commerce (B2C e-commence). We argue that consumers’ privacy beliefs are influenced by the situational and environmental cues that signal the level of privacy protections in a particular environment. The framework developed in this research should be of interest to academic researchers, e-commerce vendors, legislators, industry self-regulators, and designers of privacy enhancing technologies.
Study on E-Business Adoption from Stakeholders’ Perspectives in Indian Firms
Authors: Goswami Ranjit , De S K , Datta B.
Published: May 2011

E-business adoption towards creating better stakeholders’ values in any business organization should begin with corporate home pages, which is equivalent of the online identity of the physical firm. This paper, by taking two snapshot pictures of corporate homepages, one in 2005 and another in 2007, analyses e-business adoption levels in fifteen publicly-listed Indian firms of three different sizes and five sectors from four external stakeholders (Customers, Suppliers/Alliances, Shareholders and Society/Community) perspectives. We also measure overall e-business readiness levels from four stakeholders’ perspectives in 2005 and 2007, and analyze the adoption as per Stages of Growth model. The measurement is based on presence of various categories of interactions, as commonly perceived, between the firm and respective stakeholder group.
An Evaluation and Scenario Analysis of the Representative Supply Chain Management Software
Authors: Yan Ruiliang , Wang Zhongxian , Xing Ruben
Published: May 2011

Supply Chain Management (SCM) has proven to be an effective tool that aids companies in the development of competitive advantages. SCM Systems are relied on to manage warehouses, transportation, trade logistics and various other issues concerning the coordinated movement of products and services from suppliers to customers. Although in today’s fast paced business environment, numerous supply chain solution tools are readily available to companies, choosing the right SCM software is not an easy task. The complexity of SCM systems creates a multifaceted issue when selecting the right software, particularly in light of the speed at which technology evolves. In this chapter, we use the approach of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine which SCM software best meets the needs of a company. The AHP approach outlined in this paper can be easily transferred to the comparison of other SCM software packages.
A Mathematical Model for Tactical Operations Planning for Response-Base Supply Chains
Authors: Chen Sheu Hua
Published: May 2011

This article explores the issue of lead-time in response-based supply chains. From a tactical viewpoint of response-based supply chains, the processing time for each stage is assumed to be a random variable since different practices exist in the selection pool of each stage under a specific lead-time requirement. The decision-maker must select suitable practices of operations for each stage to ensure that the lead-time meets a desired requirement. The relationship and the trade-off between the operating costs for the selected practices and the inventory holding cost of safety stock that is in turn affected by the lead-time are discussed. A mathematical model for planning the operations from a manufacturer viewpoint is proposed. The variation in practical situation for the proposed model is also addressed. A hypothetic example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. With reference to the computational results, the effect of several parameters on the model’s optimal solutions was discussed.
Revenue Sharing in a Two-Stage Supply Chain with Linear Stepwise Unit Inventory Holding Cost
Authors: Hou Jing , Zeng Amy Z. , Zhao Lindu
Published: May 2011

In this chapter we focus on examining the coordination mechanisms for a two-stage supply chain comprising one supplier and one retailer. We consider such a channel relationship that the transaction quantity between the two members is sensitive to the supplier’s inventory level and that the supplier’s unit inventory holding cost has a linear stepwise structure. We devise a coordinated revenue-sharing contract with bargaining so that each party’s respective profit is better than that resulted from the simple sequential optimization mechanism. The key contract parameters, namely the supplier’s inventory level and the retailer’s revenue-sharing fraction, are obtained and analyzed. Numerical illustrations of the contracts are given and shed lights on how the supply chain should coordinate in order to gain better performance.
Customer Perspectives of Mobile Services
Authors: Kargin Banu , Basoglu Nuri , Daim Tugrul
Published: May 2011

This chapter addresses simple but effective framework for adoption factors of mobile services. The framework synthesizes, refines, and extends current approaches to explain adoption factors. The study started with a background research to identify factors determining the adoption of innovation and mobile services. Then, study is continued with a survey which had questions about two types of mobile services according to current adoption status of these services. For the first type of service, SMS had been selected as a widely used, already adopted service to seek for factors affecting consumer satisfaction. The second type of service was not currently widely adopted service in the market as opposed to already used SMS, which is called “Pocket Info&Enjoy” service in the paper. Pocket Info&Enjoy, which is information based service, had been described in the survey and asked questions to identify factors determining attitude to use this new service. Most of the findings were in line with literature, for an already adopted service, usefulness and attitude are direct factors influencing consumer satisfaction. On the other hand, usefulness and external influence are direct and personalization, image, content, mobility, entertainment are indirect determinants of consumer’s attitude towards using new mobile services.
The Grid as a Virtual Enterprise Enabler
Authors: Vassiliadis Bill
Published: May 2011

Modern information systems are extending the traditional boundaries of organizations incorporating external recourses in the form of data and services. The need to support increasing client demands has led to dynamic and more complex business processes. Complex workflows in networked organizations are much more difficult to manage since traditional approaches are not suited for distributed environments. Service-Oriented approaches in the form of Web or Grid services bear the potential of increased performance and flexibility. In this work, we discuss the use of a relatively new computing paradigm that leverages distributed service-oriented business models: the Grid. We discuss how the Grid can facilitate efficient intra-business processes in highly dynamic virtual enterprises and present a high level architecture for managing complexity of business functions using Grid services.
A Value-Satisfaction Taxonomy of IS Effectiveness (VSTISE)
Authors: Levy Yair , Murphy Kenneth E. , Zanakis Stelios H.
Published: May 2011

Information Systems (IS) effectiveness has been studied over the past three decades, with user satisfaction utilized as a key measure. However, very little attention has been given to the role of user-perceived cognitive value of IS in measuring the effectiveness of such systems. Therefore, this article defines and articulates user-perceived value of IS as an important construct for IS research, not from the financial or ‘net benefit’ perspective to the organization, rather from the cognitive perspective. Following literature review, a new taxonomy of IS effectiveness, Value-Satisfaction Taxonomy of IS Effectiveness (VSTISE), is presented. The VSTISE posits four quadrants to indicate level of user-perceived IS effectiveness: improvement, effective, misleading, and ineffective. A case study using the proposed VSTISE is discussed. Results based on the 192 responses identify several problematic system characteristics that warrant additional investigation for their limited IS effectiveness. Finally, recommendations for research and practice are provided.
Information Technology Service Management and Opportunities for Information Systems Curricula
Authors: Conger Sue
Published: May 2011

Historically, information systems (IS) programs have taught two of the three areas of information technology (IT) management: strategy and management, and applications development. Academic programs have ignored the third area, IT operations. IT operations management is becoming increasingly important as it is recognized as consuming as much as 90% of the IT budget and as acquisition of software becomes more prevalent than development of custom applications. Along with the shift of management focus to IT operations, standards such as the IT infrastructure library (ITIL) have been adopted by businesses to guide the development of processes for IT operations that facilitate evolution to IT service management. This shift to servitizing IT management, creates an opportunity for IS programs to align with business practices by innovating in the teaching of IT service management. Several methods of incorporating ITSM material into educational programs are explored.
Online Services Delivered by NTO Portals
Authors: Papa Marco , Avgeri Marina
Published: May 2011

This study compares the online services currently delivered by the official National Tourism Organizations (NTO) portals of the 25 European Union states, to assess their capability in evolving into powerful marketing communication tools. A conceptual framework that identifies 129 online service quality attributes is developed based on the 2QCV3Q model (Mich et al., 2003) and on four different perspectives: marketing, customer, technical and information for the destination (So and Morrison, 2004). The 25 portals are compared by means of content analysis. Our rankings provide a first time assessment of the NTO online offerings and indicate high variability in their performance. Surprisingly, Greece and Italy, two of the most popular tourism destinations, underperformed with respect to all four perspectives examined. We provide out-of-sample evidence that affluence levels explain the variation in the observed scores, while e-readiness, popularity of tourism destination and cultural richness are not statistically significant.
Does the Internet Increase Fundraising Revenues of Nonprofit Organizations?
Authors: Ozcelik Yasin
Published: May 2011

Nonprofit organizations have been using the Internet for disseminating information about themselves, interacting with potential donors, and fundraising. In this chapter, we focus on online service providers for nonprofits (OSPNs) that bring donors and nonprofits together in an electronic environment to help them find a suitable match. We investigate the effects of OSPNs on the outcomes of fundraising markets by developing an economic model. We compare the total net revenues of nonprofits competing for donations in two different settings: while nonprofits in the first market use both the traditional fundraising techniques and the services provided by OSPNs, those in the second market implement the traditional method only. We derive analytical conditions under which the first setting provides better outcomes than the second one can generate.
Modeling and Governance of Procurement as a Service Responsive to Business Events
Authors: Galinec Darko , Klasic Ksenija
Published: May 2011

The procurement as business discipline and function of equipping process has started the process of transformation from an administrative competence and necessity to a strategic capability (Kyte, 2006). To be efficient its processes have to be interoperable in the processing, semantic and technological way with other functions and processes of the business system; end-to-end process integration of the business system should be obtained. It is important to fully understand and document user requirements before development of the procurement (business) process. This results in the need for the development of a defined, articulated, communicated and managed model of procurement process. On the level of conceptual system modeling (business process owner’s perspective) (ZIFA, 2010) this article shapes a new procurement model, in form of business service with appertaining processes, activities and other services necessary forits accomplishment. At logical and physical modeling level (designer’s and builder’s perspective) (ZIFA, 2010) service oriented perspective (SOA) has been considered, as well as Web services as technological concept for the implementation of the shaped procurement service model at the conceptual level of the system. Application of the shaped model requires organizational, process and system changes of the business system, that is, procurement function must develop the culture of service provider, avoiding the role of corporate purchasing controller. Event-Driven Business Process Management (EDBPM) is nowadays an enhancement of BPM by new concepts e.g. Event Driven Architecture (EDA). In this paper The position and the role of business service modeling within entire business process management (BPM) discipline has been established as well.
Mobile-Assisted Language Learning from the Student Perspective
Authors: Beres Daryl L.
Published: May 2011

This chapter seeks to refocus the conversation about mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) from the instructor’s perspective to the student’s. I argue that mobile “teaching” does not need to be located within a course, but that we are “m-teaching” whenever we encourage or enable learners to use mobile devices “to facilitate, support, enhance and extend ... [their] learning” (Attewell, Savill-Smith, & Douch, 2009, p. 1). This chapter will explore important concerns related to this definition, including conceptions of learning, blurred boundaries between personal and educational lives, the affordances and limitations of mobile devices, and learner autonomy. A look at the m-learning research literature will show students’ perceptions of MALL running the gamut from skeptics to believers. Finally, the chapter reports on the long-term investigation of learner beliefs and practices of MALL which is underway at Mount Holyoke College, and offers five initial conclusions.
A Case Study of Using Podcasts in ESL Modules for Hong Kong Pre-Service Teachers and its Impact on their Attitudes toward Podcasting
Authors: Ting Adrian
Published: May 2011

As a result of this project, this chapter concludes that podcasts have a lot of potential, not only as an integrative and supplementary learning tool, but also as a powerful generator of knowledge, which encourages active learning – a view shared by Sturgis (2008).
Podcasts in Four Categories
Authors: Nurmukhamedov Ulugbek , Sadler Randall
Published: May 2011

Language instructors often struggle to find useful and learner-friendly podcasts to supplement their language instruction. In an attempt to address this issue, we examined a number of podcasts for their applicability for use in teaching vocabulary and language. Based on this analysis, we identified four categories of podcasts that are useful for the learning process: 1) Discrete Category, 2) ESL-Focused, 3) General Audience, and 4) Superpodcasts. In this chapter, we discuss each category of podcast, providing several examples, and then we explore the strengths and weaknesses of each variety. Finally, we offer pedagogical suggestions to demonstrate ways in which language teachers can effectively use the podcasts to organize both in- and out-of-class language learning activities. As a supplement to the chapter, a wiki is also available that includes a number of podcasts covering a variety of languages: http://languagepodcasts.pbworks.com/
Computer Assisted Assessment Patterns for Different Target Users
Authors: Santos Patricia , Hernández-Leo Davina , Navarrete Toni , Blat Josep
Published: May 2011

In e-learning, a large diversity of patterns are proposed for different types of target users (e.g. teachers, developers, etc.), although in some cases these potential users are not clearly defined. The context of study in this chapter is focused on Computer Assisted Assessment (CAA) processes. Within the large number of methods to assess learning, the use of eQuestionnaires that make use of technical assessment specifications such as IMS Question and Test Interoperability (QTI) are studied. We analyze how the design, creation and use of question items in a CAA process are structured in stages where different users are involved. According to each user and his/her problem, a specific good practice can be applied. This information can be organized in a pattern. In this chapter, three potential patterns addressed to three different target users who work in the integration of new opportunities on CAA using multimedia Web 2.0 services in an eQuestionnaire are addressed. Each pattern belongs to a different pattern language; however, they are complementary and dependent among them. This chapter includes a preliminary survey study to identify whether the use of patterns can improve the tasks and relations among users in CAA processes. The evaluation results indicate that users recognize the potential use of patterns to support the sharing of good practices.
Technology in Higher Education
Authors: Surry Daniel W. , Stefurak James R. , Kowch Eugene G.
Published: May 2011

Leading technology integration in higher education requires an inquisitive, reflective approach. This chapter discusses key questions that university administrators, policy makers, faculty, and other stakeholders must address in order to effectively integrate technology into higher education. The questions are divided into three categories. First order question are conceptually simple questions that can be answered with basic information and little controversy. First order questions primarily relate to the cost, availability, and capabilities of technology. Second order questions build on first order questions and require more data, greater participation, and deeper analysis to be effectively answered. Examples of second order questions include how to effectively implement technology, the costs and benefits of technology, the unintended consequences of technology, and how to move from operational to strategic planning. Third order questions involve the most complex, controversial, and profound issues of technology and higher education. These questions will likely never be definitively answered but force us to continually reassess and evaluate our fundamental beliefs about higher education. Third order questions relate to the role of higher education in society, the control and ultimate impact of technology, and how technology affects the essential elements of the higher education experience.
Growing a University’s Technological Infrastructure
Authors: Rodriguez Stephen R.
Published: May 2011

This chapter considers concepts, planning models, and related processes associated with infrastructure growth at institutions of higher learning. The author offers various definitions of infrastructure, describes an infrastructure maturity model, and discusses strategies and models for related strategic planning. In addition, the chapter provides portions of actual strategic plans related to infrastructure. The chapter closes with a description of how the author’s home institution has grown its technological infrastructure in order to provide required administrative services, communications, and instruction to a growing student body engaged in an expanding curriculum. The impact of infrastructure growth on the university community is also discussed.
Mobile Computing in Higher Education
Authors: Pastore Raymond S. , Land Susan M. , Jung Eun Ju
Published: May 2011

This chapter examines research on mobile learning, its impact in higher education, and the technologies being used as mobile learning devices. Mobile learning includes devices that have the capability to be site and/or job specific, such that learners can access content immediately regardless of their location. Mobile learning is being successfully employed in many higher education classrooms throughout the world, as it enables new methods of learning and for redefining learner interactions. New teaching methods may now be possible that allow for exchange and creation of information in novel learning contexts. Social and organizational issues of mobile learning are analyzed and presented.
Affect-sensitive Virtual Standardized Patient Interface System
Authors: Parsons Thomas D.
Published: May 2011

Virtual Standardized Patients (VSPs) are advanced conversational virtual human agents that have been applied to training of clinicians. These interactive agents portray standardized patient scenarios involving VSPs with clinical or physical conditions. VSPs are capable of verbal and nonverbal interaction (receptive and expressive communication) with a clinician in an effort to enhance differential diagnosis of psychiatric disorders and teach interpersonal skills. This chapter describes the design and development of both software to create social interaction modules on a VSP platform and individualized affective models for affect recognition. This author describes clinically relevant scenarios for affect elicitation and protocols for reliable affect recognition. Further, there is an elucidation of a VSP interface system that has the capacity to monitor the trainee’s affective response using physiological signals. Research findings will be summarized from studies on (1) the usability and applicability of VSPs with training clinicians on various mental health disorders (e.g., adolescent male with conduct disorder; adolescent female who has recently been physically traumatized); and (2) preliminary use of the affect-sensitive system to systematically assess and manipulate aspects of VSPs to more fully develop cognitive and affective models of virtual humans with pathological characteristics.
Enterprise Resource Planning Systems in Higher Education
Authors: Haab Melissa J. , Cramer Sharon F.
Published: May 2011

Since most higher education institutions have, or will, implement enterprise resource planning systems (Cramer, 2005), it is important to understand how such an implementation will have an impact throughout an institution. In this chapter, enterprise resource planning systems will be defined, and the benefits to the various constituents of the institution will be described. Barriers (and strategies for overcoming them) will be identified, specifically administration-related barriers, resource allocation barriers, time barriers, barriers related to campus policies, human barriers, and product specific barriers. Leaders of institutions at the crossroads, who are determining whether or not to implement an integrated ERP, can better understand the social implications of such projects as a result of consideration of the key issues raised within this chapter.
The Right to Technology in Education
Authors: Plumb Donovan
Published: May 2011

Following the lead of geographer, David Harvey (2008), this chapter argues that many contemporary trends in the use of technology in higher education prevent the development of capacities for critical democratic citizenship. Too often, technology is deployed in a top-down fashion to shape student learning. Thus, to enhance the full emergence of students as active, engaged, critical citizens, it is crucial that they be granted access to the right to technology in education.
Adoption of Technologies in Higher Education
Authors: Nworie John
Published: May 2011

The impact of digital technology and the resulting change has impacted society and every aspect of life, including higher education. Technology has affected every area of operation in higher education, dramatically changed the way work is performed, and enhanced productivity and efficiency levels. While the efforts of higher education institutions to adopt new technological innovation are laudable, it is worth noting that such adoption has not been even across campuses. Technology use has not been consistent due to a number of factors, including adoption and integration approaches, resistance, budget allocations, institutional priorities, shifting student demographics, organizational cultures, leadership issues, and failure to apply systemic approaches to adoption, among others. This chapter examines how higher education has responded to the adoption of digital technologies, reviews some of the existing issues and challenges, and identifies areas that need to be addressed to further the use of technology to improve instructional and administrative practices in higher education.
The Near Future of Technology in Higher Education
Authors: Rasmussen Karen , Davidson-Shivers Gayle V. , Savenye Wilhelmina C.
Published: May 2011

Higher education in the 21st century faces a multitude of internal and external challenges. From budget reductions, to globalization, to a new generation of students, the choices that faculty and administrators make about technology will be central to the future success of higher education systems. Technology serves as a tool that students, faculty, and administrators can use to foster innovation through effective and efficient means. For example, emerging technologies, such as those related to social networking and collaboration, enable students and faculty to work together to build new types of learning environments. On the other hand, technology is not the only solution to meet the challenges faced by higher education systems. Careful analyses of problems are necessary to identify appropriate solutions. For purposes of this chapter, best practices in educational technology and in technological integration and use to meet current and near future institutional goals of higher education are presented.
Girls and Computers - Yes We Can!
Authors: Heo Misook , Spradley-Myrick L. Monique
Published: May 2011

This research was designed to increase the awareness of female students with regard to Computer Science (CS) as both a major and a career field. Five female students from a high school in a northeastern state were voluntarily recruited for a weekly, after-school computer club curriculum for one academic year. Over the project period, participants ventured through tasks relating to various technologies, thereby increasing their computer confidence. Collaboration preferences increased only when faced with both technical and content knowledge. Participants’ understanding of CS changed from abstract and superficial to more concrete, but disinterest in the major persisted. Finally, while the participants’ perceptions of gender differences changed, some of the self-reflections did not match their responses to structured questions. While the project impacted only a small sample, increased knowledge of the field of CS prevailed. If females are educated earlier, this may cause a noticeable shift in gender inequity amongst CS majors.
Reflective On-Line Discourse for Pre-Service Teachers
Authors: Holdan E. Gregory , Hansen Mary
Published: May 2011

More and more, evidence suggests that the competent teacher is one who, through reflective practices, becomes thoughtful, clear in beliefs and actions based on these beliefs, and self-initiating (Wasserman, 2009). However, because the teaching profession is sometimes one of isolation and disconnectedness (Sparks & Hirsh, 1997; Wong & Wong, 2001; Zmuda, Kuklis & Kline, 2004), teachers may not get opportunities to engage in thoughtful discourse. With advances in on-line education, however, teachers who might otherwise not have opportunities to engage in meaningful, reflective discourse about teaching and learning can easily do so at their own relative convenience. Through an on-line venue, teachers can get involved in substantive communication about teaching and learning, address valid and invalid preconceptions about the profession, and work to improve their practice through directed meta-cognitive reflective activities.