bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synergistic activation of the NEU4 promoter by p73 and AP2 in colon cancer cells
Authors: Cai Bi-He , Wu Po-Han , Chou Chi-Kan , Huang Hsiang-Chi , Chao Chia-Chun , Chung Hsiao-Yu , Lee Hsueh-Yi , Chen Jang-Yi , Kannagi Reiji
Published: January 2019

More than 50% of colon cancers bear mutations in p53, one of the most important tumor suppressors, and its family members p63 or p73 are expected to contribute to inhibiting the progression of colon cancers. The AP2 family also acts as a tumor suppressor. Here we found that p73 and AP2 are able to activate NEU4, a neuraminidase gene, which removes the terminal sialic acid residues from cancer-associated glycans. Under serum starvation, NEU4 was up-regulated and one of the NEU4 target glycans, sialyl Lewis X, was decreased, whereas p73 and AP2 were up-regulated. Sialyl Lewis X levels were not, however, decreased under starvation conditions in p73- or AP2-knockdown cells. p53 and AP2 underwent protein-protein interactions, exerting synergistic effects to activate p21, and interaction of p53 with AP2 was lost in cells expressing the L350P mutation of p53. The homologous residues in p63 and p73 are L423 and L377, respectively. The synergistic effect of p53/p63 with AP2 to activate genes was lost with the L350P/L423P mutation in p53/p63, but p73 bearing the L377P mutation was able to interact with AP2 and exerted its normal synergistic effects. We propose that p73 and AP2 synergistically activate the NEU4 promoter in colon cancer cells.
Safety of resident training in the microsurgical resection of intracranial tumors: Data from a prospective registry of complications and outcome
Authors: Vasella Flavio , Velz Julia , Neidert Marian C. , Henzi Stephanie , Sarnthein Johannes , Krayenbühl Niklaus , Bozinov Oliver , Regli Luca , Stienen Martin N.
Published: January 2019

The aim of the present study was to assess the safety of microsurgical resection of intracranial tumors performed by supervised neurosurgical residents. We analyzed prospectively collected data from our institutional patient registry and dichotomized between procedures performed by supervised neurosurgery residents (defined as teaching procedures) or board-certified faculty neurosurgeons (defined as non-teaching procedures). The primary endpoint was morbidity at discharge, defined as a postoperative decrease of ≥10 points on the Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS). Secondary endpoints included 3-month (M3) morbidity, mortality, the in-hospital complication rate, and complication type and severity. Of 1,446 consecutive procedures, 221 (15.3%) were teaching procedures. Patients in the teaching group were as likely as patients in the non-teaching group to experience discharge morbidity in both uni- (OR 0.85, 95%CI 0.60–1.22, p = 0.391) and multivariate analysis (adjusted OR 1.08, 95%CI 0.74–1.58, p = 0.680). The results were consistent at time of the M3 follow-up and in subgroup analyses. In-hospital mortality was equally low (0.24 vs. 0%, p = 0.461) and the likelihood (p = 0.499), type (p = 0.581) and severity of complications (p = 0.373) were similar. These results suggest that microsurgical resection of carefully selected intracranial tumors can be performed safely by supervised neurosurgical residents without increasing the risk of morbidity, mortality or perioperative complications. Appropriate allocation of operations according to case complexity and the resident’s experience level, however, appears essential.
Tyrannosaurid-like osteophagy by a Triassic archosaur
Authors: Qvarnström Martin , Ahlberg Per E. , Niedźwiedzki Grzegorz
Published: January 2019

Here we present evidence for osteophagy in the Late Triassic archosaur Smok wawelski Niedźwiedzki, Sulej and Dzik, 2012, a large theropod-like predator from Poland. Ten medium to large-sized coprolites are matched, by their dimensions and by association with body fossils and footprints, to S. wawelski. The coprolites contain fragments of large serrated teeth as well as up to 50 percent by volume of bone fragments, with distinct fragmentation and angularity, from several prey taxa. This suggests pronounced osteophagy. Further evidence for bone-crushing behaviour is provided by isolated worn teeth, bone-rich regurgitalites (fossil regurgitates) and numerous examples of crushed or bite-marked dicynodont bones, all collected from the same bone-bearing beds in the Lipie Śląskie clay-pit. Several of the anatomical characters related to osteophagy, such as a massive head and robust body, seem to be shared by S. wawelski and the tyrannosaurids, despite their wide phylogenetic separation. These large predators thus provide evidence of convergence driven by similar feeding ecology at the beginning and end of the age of dinosaurs.
Trans-β-galactosidase activity of pig enzymes embedded in the small intestinal brush border membrane vesicles
Authors: Julio-Gonzalez Lesbia Cristina , Hernandez-Hernandez Oswaldo , Moreno F. Javier , Olano Agustín , Jimeno Maria Luisa , Corzo Nieves
Published: January 2019

This work highlights the utility of brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine as a reliable model for gathering information about the reaction mechanisms involved in the human digestion of dietary carbohydrates. Concretely, the elucidation of the transgalactosylation mechanism of pig BBMV to synthesize prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) is provided, unravelling the catalytic activity of mammalian small intestinal β-galactosidase towards the hydrolysis of GOS. This study reveals that pig BBMV preferably synthesizes GOS linked by β-(1 → 3) bonds, since major tri- and disaccharide were produced by the transfer of a galactose unit to the C-3 of the non-reducing moiety of lactose and to the C-3 of glucose, respectively. Therefore, these results point out that dietary GOS having β-(1 → 3) as predominant glycosidic linkages could be more prone to hydrolysis by mammalian intestinal digestive enzymes as compared to those linked by β-(1 → 2), β-(1 → 4), β-(1 ↔ 1) or β-(1 → 6). Given that these data are the first evidence on the transglycosylation activity of mammalian small intestinal glycosidases, findings contained in this work could be crucial for future studies investigating the structure-small intestinal digestibility relationship of a great variety of available prebiotics, as well as for designing tailored fully non-digestible GOS.
A C-terminal cysteine residue is required for peptide-based inhibition of the NGF/TrkA interaction at nM concentrations: implications for peptide-based analgesics
Authors: Poole Andrew J. , Frigotto Laura , Smith Matthew E. , Baar Claudia , Ivanova-Berndt Gabriela , Jaulent Agnes , Stace Catherine , Ullman Christopher G. , Hine Anna V.
Published: January 2019

Inhibition of the NGF/TrkA interaction presents an interesting alternative to the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatories and/or opioids for the control of inflammatory, chronic and neuropathic pain. Most prominent of the current approaches to this therapy is the antibody Tanezumab, which is a late-stage development humanized monoclonal antibody that targets NGF. We sought to determine whether peptides might similarly inhibit the NGF/TrkA interaction and so serve as future therapeutic leads. Starting from two peptides that inhibit the NGF/TrkA interaction, we sought to eliminate a cysteine residue close to the C-terminal of both sequences, by an approach of mutagenic analysis and saturation mutagenesis of mutable residues. Elimination of cysteine from a therapeutic lead is desirable to circumvent manufacturing difficulties resulting from oxidation. Our analyses determined that the cysteine residue is not required for NGF binding, but is essential for inhibition of the NGF/TrkA interaction at pharmacologically relevant peptide concentrations. We conclude that a cysteine residue is required within potential peptide-based therapeutic leads and hypothesise that these peptides likely act as dimers, mirroring the dimeric structure of the TrkA receptor.
Cloud-fracture networks as a means of accessing superhot geothermal energy
Authors: Watanabe Noriaki , Sakaguchi Kiyotoshi , Goto Ryota , Miura Takahiro , Yamane Kota , Ishibashi Takuya , Chen Youqing , Komai Takeshi , Tsuchiya Noriyoshi
Published: January 2019

Superhot geothermal environments (above ca. 400 °C) represent a new geothermal energy frontier. However, the networks of permeable fractures capable of storing and transmitting fluids are likely to be absent in the continental granitic crust. Here we report the first-ever experimental results for well stimulation involving the application of low-viscosity water to granite at temperatures ≥400 °C under true triaxial stress. This work demonstrates the formation of a network of permeable microfractures densely distributed throughout the entire rock body, representing a so-called cloud-fracture network. Fracturing was found to be initiated at a relatively low injection pressure between the intermediate and minimum principal stresses and propagated in accordance with the distribution of preexisting microfractures, independent of the directions of the principal stresses. This study confirms the possibility of well stimulation to create excellent fracture patterns that should allow the effective extraction of thermal energy.
Chemically defined and xenogeneic-free differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into definitive endoderm in 3D culture
Authors: Diekmann Ulf , Wolling Hanna , Dettmer Rabea , Niwolik Isabell , Naujok Ortwin , Buettner Falk F. R.
Published: January 2019

In vitro differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into definitive endoderm (DE) represents a key step towards somatic cells of lung, liver and pancreas. For future clinical applications, mass production of differentiated cells at chemically defined conditions and free of xenogeneic substances is envisioned. In this study we adapted our previously published two-dimensional (2D) DE induction protocol to three-dimensional (3D) static suspension culture in the absence of the xenogeneic extracellular matrix Matrigel. Next, fetal calf serum and bovine serum albumin present in the standard medium were replaced by a custom-made and xeno-free B-27. This yielded in a chemically defined and xenogeneic-free 3D culture protocol for differentiation of hPSCs into DE at efficiencies similar to standard 2D conditions. This novel protocol successfully worked with different hPSC lines including hESCs and hiPSCs maintained in two different stem cell media prior to differentiation. DE cells obtained by our novel BSA-free 3D protocol could be further differentiated into PDX1- or NKX6.1-expressing pancreatic progenitor cells. Notably, upon DE differentiation, we also identified a CXCR4+/NCAM+/EpCAMlow cell population with reduced DE marker gene expression. These CXCR4+/NCAM+/EpCAMlow cells emerge as a result of Wnt/beta-catenin hyperactivation via elevated CHIR-99021 concentrations and likely represent misspecified DE.
Intelectin 3 is dispensable for resistance against a mycobacterial infection in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Ojanen Markus J. T. , Uusi-Mäkelä Meri I. E. , Harjula Sanna-Kaisa E. , Saralahti Anni K. , Oksanen Kaisa E. , Kähkönen Niklas , Määttä Juha A. E. , Hytönen Vesa P. , Pesu Marko , Rämet Mika
Published: January 2019

Tuberculosis is a multifactorial bacterial disease, which can be modeled in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Abdominal cavity infection withMycobacterium marinum, a close relative ofMycobacterium tuberculosis, leads to a granulomatous disease in adult zebrafish, which replicates the different phases of human tuberculosis, including primary infection, latency and spontaneous reactivation. Here, we have carried out a transcriptional analysis of zebrafish challenged with low-dose ofM. marinum, and identifiedintelectin 3(itln3) among the highly up-regulated genes. In order to clarify thein vivosignificance of Itln3 in immunity, we created nonsenseitln3mutant zebrafish by CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis and analyzed the outcome ofM. marinuminfection in both zebrafish embryos and adult fish. The lack of functionalitln3did not affect survival or the mycobacterial burden in the zebrafish. Furthermore, embryonic survival was not affected when another mycobacterial challenge responsiveintelectin,itln1, was silenced using morpholinos either in the WT oritln3mutant fish. In addition,M. marinuminfection in dexamethasone-treated adult zebrafish, which have lowered lymphocyte counts, resulted in similar bacterial burden in both WT fish and homozygousitln3mutants. Collectively, althoughitln3expression is induced uponM. marinuminfection in zebrafish, it is dispensable for protective mycobacterial immune response.
Serotonin transporter binding is increased in Tourette syndrome with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Müller-Vahl K. R. , Szejko N. , Wilke F. , Jakubovski E. , Geworski L. , Bengel F. , Berding G.
Published: January 2019

While the importance of the serotonergic system in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is well established, its role in Tourette syndrome (TS) is uncertain. Particularly in TS patients with comorbid OCD (TS + OCD), decreased serotonin transporter (SERT) binding has been suggested. Here, we investigated for the first time SERT binding in TS patients with and without OCD (TS − OCD) compared to both healthy controls (HC) and OCD patients as well as the influence of escitalopram using the potent SERT imaging ligand [123I]2-((2-((dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)thio)-5-iodophenylamine ([123I]ADAM) and single-photon emission tomography (SPECT). We included 33 adult subjects (10 HC, 10 TS − OCD, 8 TS + OCD and 5 OCD). In patients with OCD and TS + OCD [123I]ADAM SPECT was repeated after 12–16 weeks treatment with escitalopram. SERT binding was normal in patients with OCD and TS − OCD, but significantly increased (p < 0.05) in those with TS + OCD, particularly in caudate and midbrain compared to both HC and TS − OCD. Treatment with escitalopram resulted in a significant overall reduction in SERT binding (range, 19 to 79%, p values between 0.0409 and <0.0001) without any correlation with clinical improvement. Our results provide further evidence that alterations in the serotonergic system in TS are related to comorbid OCD and do not represent the primary cause of the disease.
The role of metalloproteases in fertilisation in the ascidian Ciona robusta
Authors: Nakazawa Shiori , Shirae-Kurabayashi Maki , Sawada Hitoshi
Published: January 2019

In the ascidian Ciona robusta (formerly C. intestinalis type A), the mechanism underlying sperm penetration through the egg investment remains unknown. We previously reported that proteins containing both an astacin metalloprotease domain and thrombospondin type 1 repeats are abundant in the sperm surface protein-enriched fraction of C. robusta. Here we investigated the involvement of those proteins in fertilisation. We refined the sequences of astacin metalloproteases, confirmed that five of them are present in the sperm, and labelled them as tunicate astacin and thrombospondin type 1 repeat-containing (Tast) proteins. Fertilisation of C. robusta eggs was potently inhibited by a metalloprotease inhibitor GM6001. The eggs cleaved normally when they were vitelline coat-free or the inhibitor was added after insemination. Furthermore, vitelline coat proteins were degraded after incubation with intact sperm. These results suggest that sperm metalloproteases are indispensable for fertilisation, probably owing to direct or indirect mediation of vitelline-coat digestion during sperm penetration. TALEN-mediated knockout of Tast genes and the presence of GM6001 impaired larval development at the metamorphic stage, suggesting that Tast gene products play a key role in late development.
QD laser eyewear as a visual field aid in a visual field defect model
Authors: Iyama Chigusa , Shigeno Yuta , Hirano Eri , Kamoshita Mamoru , Nagai Norihiro , Suzuki Misa , Minami Sakiko , Kurihara Toshihide , Sonobe Hideki , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Shinoda Hajime , Tsubota Kazuo , Ozawa Yoko
Published: January 2019

Visual field defects interfere with free actions and influence the quality of life of patients with retinitis pigmentosa; the prevalence of this disease is increasing in aging societies. Patients with progressive disease may require visual aids; however, no such devices are currently available. We utilized a retinal projection eyewear system, QD laser eyewear, which includes a projector inside the spectacle frame, to draw the image taken by a connected portable camera with a wide field lens. The images are projected onto the retina using a Maxwellian view optical system, which is not influenced by refractive error or the amount of incident light. Goldmann perimetry and figure recognition tests with the QD laser eyewear showed increased visual field areas and angles, and shortened the time for recognition of the number of figures in a sheet, in a limited visual field model that we developed by using a pin-hole system to simulate the tunnel vision of retinitis pigmentosa in 19 healthy adults. The device supported the quality of vision. Additionally, the visual field defect model used in healthy adults was useful for validating the device in the development stage of the study, to clarify both advantages and future goals for improving the device.
Acute and chronic demyelinated CNS lesions exhibit opposite elastic properties
Authors: Urbanski Mateusz M. , Brendel Matthew B. , Melendez-Vasquez Carmen V.
Published: January 2019

Increased deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) is a known inhibitor of axonal regrowth and remyelination. Recent in vitro studies have demonstrated that oligodendrocyte differentiation is impacted by the physical properties of the ECM. However, characterization of the mechanical properties of the healthy and injured CNS myelin is challenging, and has largely relied on non-invasive, low-resolution methods. To address this, we have employed atomic force microscopy to perform micro-indentation measurements of demyelinated tissue at cellular scale. Analysis of mouse and human demyelinated brains indicate that acute demyelination results in decreased tissue stiffness that recovers with remyelination; while chronic demyelination is characterized by increased tissue stiffness, which correlates with augmented ECM deposition. Thus, changes in the mechanical properties of the acutely (softer) or chronically (stiffer) demyelinated brain might contribute to differences in their regenerative capacity. Our findings are relevant to the optimization of cell-based therapies aimed at promoting CNS regeneration and remyelination.
Spatial structure of depression in South Africa: A longitudinal panel survey of a nationally representative sample of households
Authors: Cuadros Diego F. , Tomita Andrew , Vandormael Alain , Slotow Rob , Burns Jonathan K. , Tanser Frank
Published: January 2019

Wider recognition of the mental health burden of disease has increased its importance as a global public health concern. However, the spatial heterogeneity of mental disorders at large geographical scales is still not well understood. Herein, we investigate the spatial distribution of incident depression in South Africa. We assess depressive symptomatology from a large longitudinal panel survey of a nationally representative sample of households, the South African National Income Dynamics Study. We identified spatial clusters of incident depression using spatial scan statistical analysis. Logistic regression was fitted to establish the relationship between clustering of depression and socio-economic, behavioral and disease risk factors, such as tuberculosis. There was substantial geographical clustering of depression in South Africa, with the excessive numbers of new cases concentrated in the eastern part of the country. These clusters overlapped with those of self-reported tuberculosis in the same region, as well as with poorer, less educated people living in traditional rural communities. Herein, we demonstrate, for the first time, spatial structuring of depression at a national scale, with clear geographical ‘hotspots’ of concentration of individuals reporting new depressive symptoms. Such geographical clustering could reflect differences in exposure to various risk factors, including socio-economic and epidemiological factors, driving or reinforcing the spatial structure of depression. Identification of the geographical location of clusters of depression should inform policy decisions.
Creation of haemoglobin A1c direct oxidase from fructosyl peptide oxidase by combined structure-based site specific mutagenesis and random mutagenesis
Authors: Ogawa Noriyuki , Kimura Takehide , Umehara Fumi , Katayama Yuki , Nagai Go , Suzuki Keiko , Aisaka Kazuo , Maruyama Yukie , Itoh Takafumi , Hashimoto Wataru , Murata Kousaku , Ichimura Michio
Published: January 2019

The currently available haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) enzymatic assay consists of two specific steps: proteolysis of HbA1c and oxidation of the liberated fructosyl peptide by fructosyl peptide oxidase (FPOX). To develop a more convenient and high throughput assay, we devised novel protease-free assay system employing modified FPOX with HbA1c oxidation activity, namely HbA1c direct oxidase (HbA1cOX). AnFPOX-15, a modified FPOX from Aspergillus nidulans, was selected for conversion to HbA1cOX. As deduced from the crystal structure of AnFPOX-15, R61 was expected to obstruct the entrance of bulky substrates. An R61G mutant was thus constructed to open the gate at the active site. The prepared mutant exhibited significant reactivity for fructosyl hexapeptide (F-6P, N-terminal amino acids of HbA1c), and its crystal structure revealed a wider gate observed for AnFPOX-15. To improve the reactivity for F-6P, several mutagenesis approaches were performed. The ultimately generated AnFPOX-47 exhibited the highest F-6P reactivity and possessed HbA1c oxidation activity. HbA1c levels in blood samples as measured using the direct assay system using AnFPOX-47 were highly correlated with the levels measured using the conventional HPLC method. In this study, FPOX was successfully converted to HbA1cOX, which could represent a novel in vitro diagnostic modality for diabetes mellitus.
Analysis of the relationship between the gut microbiome and dementia: a cross-sectional study conducted in Japan
Authors: Saji Naoki , Niida Shumpei , Murotani Kenta , Hisada Takayoshi , Tsuduki Tsuyoshi , Sugimoto Taiki , Kimura Ai , Toba Kenji , Sakurai Takashi
Published: January 2019

Dysregulation of the gut microbiome is associated with several life-threatening conditions and thus might represent a useful target for the prevention of dementia. However, the relationship between the gut microbial population and dementia has not yet been fully clarified. We recruited outpatients visiting our memory clinic to participate in this study. Information on patient demographics, risk factors, and activities of daily living was collected, and cognitive function was assessed using neuropsychological tests and brain magnetic resonance imaging scans. Faecal samples were obtained, and the gut microbiome was assessed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis, one of the most well-established and reliable 16S ribosomal RNA-based methods for classifying gut microbiota. Patients were divided into two groups, demented and non-demented. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify the variables independently associated with dementia. The T-RFLP analysis revealed differences in the composition of the gut microbiome: the number of Bacteroides (enterotype I) was lower and the number of ‘other’ bacteria (enterotype III) was higher in demented than non-demented patients. Multivariable analyses showed that the populations of enterotype I and enterotype III bacteria were strongly associated with dementia, independent of the traditional dementia biomarkers. Further studies of the metabolites of gut microbes are needed to determine the mechanism underlying this association.
A high-throughput integrated microfluidics method enables tyrosine autophosphorylation discovery
Authors: Nevenzal Hadas , Noach-Hirsh Meirav , Skornik-Bustan Or , Brio Lev , Barbiro-Michaely Efrat , Glick Yair , Avrahami Dorit , Lahmi Roxane , Tzur Amit , Gerber Doron
Published: January 2019

Autophosphorylation of receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinases is a common molecular switch with broad implications for pathogeneses and therapy of cancer and other human diseases. Technologies for large-scale discovery and analysis of autophosphorylation are limited by the inherent difficulty to distinguish between phosphorylation and autophosphorylation in vivo and by the complexity associated with functional assays of receptors kinases in vitro. Here, we report a method for the direct detection and analysis of tyrosine autophosphorylation using integrated microfluidics and freshly synthesized protein arrays. We demonstrate the efficacy of our platform in detecting autophosphorylation activity of soluble and transmembrane tyrosine kinases, and the dependency of in vitro autophosphorylation assays on membranes. Our method, Integrated Microfluidics for Autophosphorylation Discovery (IMAD), is high-throughput, requires low reaction volumes and can be applied in basic and translational research settings. To our knowledge, it is the first demonstration of posttranslational modification analysis of membrane protein arrays.
Label-free fluorescence “turn-on” detection of SO32− by gold nanoclusters: integration in a hydrogel platform and intracellular detection
Authors: Sachdev Abhay , Raj Rocky , Matai Ishita , Kumar Vinay , Gopinath P. , Mishra Sunita
Published: January 2019

A new dimension for the fluorescence “turn-on” detection of SO32− by Au NCs with potential applications towards the development of a hydrogel based platform and intracellular detection.
Single-color multiplexing by the integration of high-resolution melting pattern recognition with loop-mediated isothermal amplification
Authors: Dong Jing , Xu Qinfeng , Li Chen-chen , Zhang Chun-yang
Published: January 2019

We develop a single-color multiplexing strategy to identify multiple amplicons without the involvement of multicolor labels and parallelized multiplexing.
Phase transfer-driven rapid and complete ligand exchange for molecular assembly of phospholipid bilayers on aqueous gold nanocrystals
Authors: Lee Youngjae , Jang Jungwoo , Yoon Jinho , Choi Jeong-Woo , Choi Inhee , Kang Taewook
Published: January 2019

A phase transfer-mediated ligand exchange method is developed for highly selective and rapid synthesis of colloidal phospholipid bilayer-coated gold nanocrystals.
A novel near-infrared fluorescent light-up probe for tumor imaging and drug-induced liver injury detection
Authors: Zeng Xiaodong , Chen Ziyang , Tang Lin , Yang Han , Liu Nan , Zhou Hui , Li Yang , Wu Junzhu , Deng Zixin , Yu Yi , Deng Hai , Hong Xuechuan , Xiao Yuling
Published: January 2019

A novel light-up NIR fluorescence probe was developed and used for tumor and drug-induced liver injury imaging in vivo.
The effect of CO rotation from shaped pulse polarization on reactions that form C2
Authors: Ogden Hannah M. , Michael Tara J. , Murray Matthew J. , Liu Qingnan , Toro Carlos , Mullin Amy S.
Published: January 2019

The effect of CO rotational energy on bimolecular reactions to form electronically excited C2 is reported here.
Synthesis of MnxCd1−xS nanorods and modification with CuS for extraordinarily superior photocatalytic H2production
Authors: Han Yanling , Dong Xinfa , Liang Zhibin
Published: January 2019

A series CuS/Mn0.3Cd0.7S photocatalysts with nanorod structures were successfully constructed and exhibited particularly high H2evolution performance from water splitting under visible light irradiation.
Modelling permeation passive sampling: intra-particle resistance to mass transfer and comprehensive sensitivity analysis
Authors: Salim Faten , Ioannidis Marios , Penlidis Alexander , Górecki Tadeusz
Published: January 2019

A mathematical model developed previously to describe the sampling process in permeation passive samplers with non-porous adsorbents and evaluated using the Waterloo Membrane Sampler (WMS) is here extended to include adsorbents with porous particles.
Photocatalytic ozonation mechanism of gaseous n-hexane on MOx–TiO2–foam nickel composite (M = Cu, Mn, Ag): unveiling the role of ˙OH and ˙O2−
Authors: Wei Peng , Qin Dandan , Chen Jiangyao , Li Yanxu , Wen Meicheng , Ji Yuemeng , Li Guiying , An Taicheng
Published: January 2019

The role of ˙OH and ˙O2− in the photocatalytic ozonation mechanism of gaseous n-hexane is disclosed based on experimental and theoretical methods.
Emerging investigator series: significantly enhanced uptake of Eu3+ on a nanoporous zeolitic mineral in the presence of UO22+: insights into the impact of cation–cation interaction on the geochemical behavior of lanthanides and actinides
Authors: Li Yaorui , Xu Lin , Bai Pu , Rong Guangyuan , Zhang Duo , Diwu Juan , Yan Wenfu , Chai Zhifang , Wang Shuao
Published: January 2019

Uptake of Eu3+ on clinoptilolite is significantly enhanced by the presence of UO22+ though cation–cation interactions between UO22+ and Eu3+.
A kinetic model for redox-active film based biophotoelectrodes
Authors: Buesen D. , Hoefer T. , Zhang H. , Plumeré N.
Published: January 2019

Redox-active films are advantageous matrices for the immobilization of photosynthetic proteins, due to their ability to mediate electron transfer as well as to achieve high catalyst loading on an electrode for efficient generation of electricity or solar fuels.
Vilsmeier–Haack reaction of 7-acetyl-2-arylindoles: a convenient method for the synthesis of 6-oxo-6H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-1,5-dicarbaldehydes
Authors: Mphahlele Malose J. , Mmonwa Mmakwena M.
Published: January 2019

The 7-acetylindoles reacted with three Vilsmeier–Haack reagent derived formyl units to afford the 6-oxo-6H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-1,5-dicarbaldehydes in a single-pot operation.
Structurally diverse diketopiperazine alkaloids from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus versicolor SCSIO 41016
Authors: Luo Xiaowei , Chen Chunmei , Tao Huaming , Lin Xiuping , Yang Bin , Zhou Xuefeng , Liu Yonghong
Published: January 2019

Four novel 1-oxa-8,10-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane containing diketopiperazine alkaloids from Aspergillus versicolor SCSIO 41016.
Copper-catalyzed direct and odorless selenylation with a sodium selenite-based reagent
Authors: Cao Yuan , Liu Jie , Liu Fanmin , Jiang Lvqi , Yi Wenbin
Published: January 2019

Use of a new odorless, shelf-stable, easy to handle, practical and scalable direct selenylation reagent, NaO2SeR, has been disclosed.
Influence of modification of Ti3C2 MXene with ceramic oxide and noble metal nanoparticles on its antimicrobial properties and ecotoxicity towards selected algae and higher plants
Authors: Rozmysłowska-Wojciechowska A. , Karwowska E. , Poźniak S. , Wojciechowski T. , Chlubny L. , Olszyna A. , Ziemkowska W. , Jastrzębska A. M.
Published: January 2019

Schematic representation of the concept of present study. The flowchart shows the process of surface-modification of Ti3C2 MXene and the subsequent ecotoxicological analyses employed.
Enhanced thermoelectric properties in N-type Mg2Si0.4−xSn0.6Sbx synthesized by alkaline earth metal reduction
Authors: Chen Jin , Xue Wenhua , Li Shan , Zhang Gengxin , Cai Gemei , Zhao Huaizhou
Published: January 2019

Sb doped Mg2Si0.4Sn0.6 materials feature with lots of dislocations at grain boundaries and plenty of nanoscale Mg2Si–Mg2Sn spinodal phases, both of which can scatter heat carrying phonons and suppress the bipolar effects, with a optimal ZT of 1.42.
Electronic structure modulation of NiS2 by transition metal doping for accelerating the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Wang Tongtong , Guo Xiaosong , Zhang Jingyan , Xiao Wen , Xi Pinxian , Peng Shanglong , Gao Daqiang
Published: January 2019

We give a systematic study of the HER catalytic activity of transition metal doped NiS2 by first principles calculations and experiments.
3D hierarchical porous indium catalyst for highly efficient electroreduction of CO2
Authors: Luo Wen , Xie Wei , Li Mo , Zhang Jie , Züttel Andreas
Published: January 2019

A highly porous indium electrode was prepared with a facile electrodeposition method, which delivers remarkable activity and selectivity towards electro reduction of Co2.
Redox-coupled alkali-metal ion transport mechanism in binder-free films of Prussian blue nanoparticles
Authors: Ishizaki Manabu , Ando Hideo , Yamada Noboru , Tsumoto Kai , Ono Kenta , Sutoh Hikaru , Nakamura Takashi , Nakao Yoshihide , Kurihara Masato
Published: January 2019

Our experimental and theoretical studies elucidate the redox-coupled ion transport mechanism and the intrinsic structure–property relationship in binder-free Prussian-blue electrodes.
Improving the oxygen redox stability of NaCl-type cation disordered Li2MnO3 in a composite structure of Li2MnO3 and spinel-type LiMn2O4
Authors: Kataoka R. , Taguchi N. , Kojima T. , Takeichi N. , Kiyobayashi T.
Published: January 2019

The Li2MnO3–LiMn2O4 composite shows a high initial discharge capacity of about 400 mA h g−1 due to its stable oxygen redox stability.
Interfacial assembled preparation of porous carbon composites for selective CO2 capture at elevated temperatures
Authors: Guo Li-Ping , Li Wen-Cui , Qiu Bin , Ren Zhan-Xin , Du Jie , Lu An-Hui
Published: January 2019

Interfacial assembled preparation of nanoclay integrated porous carbon composites shows superior CO2 capture performance at elevated temperatures.
Defect chemical studies on oxygen release from the Li-rich cathode material Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2−δ
Authors: Nakamura Takashi , Gao Hongze , Ohta Kento , Kimura Yuta , Tamenori Yusuke , Nitta Kiyofumi , Ina Toshiaki , Oishi Masatsugu , Amezawa Koji
Published: January 2019

Oxygen release from a Li-rich cathode material was quantitatively evaluated and discussed based on defect chemistry and thermodynamics.
A PEG-b-poly(disulfide-l-lysine) based redox-responsive cationic polymer for efficient gene transfection
Authors: Ullah Ihsan , Zhao Jing , Rukh Shah , Muhammad Khan , Guo Jintang , Ren Xiang-kui , Xia Shihai , Zhang Wencheng , Feng Yakai
Published: January 2019

A redox responsive gene vector efficiently delivered pDNA with a good internalization tendency, efficient endosomal escape and high nucleus internalization.
Analysis of the low-temperature restoration process of graphene oxide based on in situ conductivity measurement
Authors: Shinohara Takuya , Obata Seiji , Saiki Koichiro
Published: January 2019

Graphene, a honeycomb network of sp2 carbon atoms, is expected to replace conventional materials in various fields, which makes it important to develop a high-throughput graphene synthesis method for industrial applications.
Design of organic small molecules for photovoltaic application with high open-circuit voltage (Voc)
Authors: He Xiaodong , Yin Lunxiang , Li Yanqin
Published: January 2019

An efficient approach to improve Voc values for OSCs through molecular design and modification of photovoltaic materials was summarized and discussed.
Genotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles: anin vivoandin silicostudy
Authors: Cardozo Tatiane R. , De Carli Raíne F. , Seeber Allan , Flores Wladimir H. , da Rosa Jordana A. N. , Kotzal Queila S. G. , Lehmann Mauricio , da Silva Fernanda R. , Dihl Rafael R.
Published: January 2019

Zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs are being used worldwide in consumer products and industrial applications.
Visible-light-induced consecutive C–C bond fragmentation and formation for the synthesis of elusive unsymmetric 1,8-dicarbonyl compounds
Authors: Ji Meishan , Wu Zhen , Zhu Chen
Published: January 2019

Reported herein is a new strategy for the synthesis of unsymmetric 1,8-diketones through the coupling of cyclopropanols and cyanohydrins.
Drilling by light: ice-templated photo-patterning enabled by a dynamically crosslinked hydrogel
Authors: Chen Di , Zhang Yue , Ni Chujun , Ma Chao , Yin Jie , Bai Hao , Luo Yingwu , Huang Feihe , Xie Tao , Zhao Qian
Published: January 2019

A hydrogel is crosslinked by disulfide bonds enabling photo-induced plasticity which can be encoded with pore patterns after melting of ice.
The synthesis of poly(arylthiols) and their utilization in the preparation of cross-linked dynamic covalent polymer nanoparticles and hydrogels
Authors: Bracchi Michael E. , Dura Gema , Fulton David A.
Published: January 2019

Poly(arylthiols) can reversibly cross-link to form nanoparticles and hydrogels.
Implementing fluorescent MOFs as down-converting layers in hybrid light-emitting diodes
Authors: Angioni Enrico , Marshall Ross J. , Findlay Neil J. , Bruckbauer Jochen , Breig Benjamin , Wallis David J. , Martin Robert W. , Forgan Ross S. , Skabara Peter J.
Published: January 2019

Anchoring a down-converting chromophore to a MOF scaffold enhances the efficiency of the resulting hybrid LED by negating aggregation-induced quenching.
Metamaterial‐based wideband circularly polarised antenna with rotated V‐shaped metasurface for small satellite applications
Authors: Ameen M. , Chaudhary R.K.
Published: January 2019

This Letter explains the design and development of a wideband circularly polarised (CP) antenna based on composite metamaterial (MTM) structures which are applicable for use in small satellite applications. The presented antenna is based on a modified co‐planar waveguide feeding technique. The proposed antenna unit cell offers compact size due to its MTM property with dimensions of 0.088λ0 × 0.19λ0 at 2.4 GHz. The CP radiation is obtained by placing two composite right/left‐handed transmission line unit cells orthogonally and exciting two orthogonally‐polarised modes simultaneously. A new 4 × 4 unit cell artificial magnetic conductor metasurface is designed with a compact size at the same operating frequency of MTM‐based CP antenna as a ground plane for the proposed antenna, which is found to be increased bandwidth, improved gain, and wider axial ratio bandwidth without altering the antenna compactness. The final antenna obtains an overall dimension of 0.37λ0 × 0.37λ0 × 0.18λ0 at 2.5 GHz. The measured result shows a wider impedance bandwidth of 860 MHz (33.07%), improved axial ratio bandwidth of 410 MHz (15.92%), and a good gain of 5.76 dBic is obtained which are adequate for the use in modern small satellite applications.
A Review of Water Environmental Capacity Calculation
Authors: Yuan Jing , Wei Bing , Zhu Jian , Zhang Haidong , Yu Guoliang
Published: January 2019

Water environmental capacity is an essential component of water environmental assessment and must be monitored and managed for economic, engineering, and human health reasons. Many efforts have been made to study methods for the calculation of water environmental capacity. This paper reviews available literature on water environmental capacity. The evolutionary history and application scenarios of major water quality models, and water environmental capacity calculation formulas are summarized. Through the analysis of calculation formulas for water environmental capacity, it is found that endogenous pollution factors influence the values of degradation coefficient K and retention coefficient R in water environmental capacity calculation though few studies consider such factors. Therefore, the quantification of endogenous pollution factors (particularly the rheological properties of bed sediments) is important and needs further study.
Changes of Riverbeds and Water-carrying Capacity of the Yellow River Inner Mongolia Section
Authors: Li Zhenquan , Li Qiaoyu , Chen Zihao , Wang Yimin
Published: January 2019

This paper introduced the evolution of the section from Bayangaole to Toudaoguai in the Yellow River and analysed the factors influencing erosion, deposition, and water-carrying capacity of the section over years. Through data obtained from observation in the Bayangaole station, Sanhuhekou station, Zhaojunfen station, and Toudaoguai station, after analysis, it has been got that the riverbeds observed at these stations have been silted up over time, and the water-carrying capacity has been reducing. Besides, the construction of reservoirs or power stations may accelerate this trend.
PRPD data analysis with Auto-Encoder Network
Authors: Li Songyuan , Man Yuyan , Zhang Chi , Fang Qiong , Li Suya , Deng Min
Published: January 2019

Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) is related to the stable operation of power equipment. The traditional partial discharge pattern recognition method relies on expert experience to carry out feature engineering design artificial features, which has strong subjectivity and large blindness. To address the problem, we introduce an encoding-decoding network to reconstruct the input data and then treat the encoded network output as a partial discharge signal feature. The adaptive feature mining ability of the Auto-Encoder Network is effectively utilized, and the traditional classifier is connected to realize the effective combination of the deep learning method and the traditional machine learning method. The results show that the features extracted based on this method have better recognition than artificial features, which can effectively improve the recognition accuracy of partial discharge.
Dynamic response of Zelazny Most tailings dam to mining induced extreme seismic event occurred in 2016
Authors: Korzec Aleksandra , Świdziński Waldemar
Published: January 2019

The paper deals with the stability analysis of tailings dam subjected to dynamic loading induced by mining shocks which occurred in neighbouring copper mine. The main goal of the paper was to model the dynamic response of the dam during two extreme paraseismic events which occurred in 2016 based on accelerograms recorded at the dam toe. Dynamic response of the tailings dam was calculated using finite element method and the implicit time-integration method implemented in commercial codes. The boundary condition corresponding to dynamic loading was determined by deconvolution procedure. The error analysis showed that most precise signal reproduction is achieved while using target signal with peak value reduced by 40% as a test signal. Both acceleration and displacement time-series were successfully reproduced. Moreover, the stability analysis was conducted for five independent signals with design peak horizontal acceleration and showed that no permanent displacements should occur. The temporary horizontal displacement of the dam crest should not exceed 13 mm, assuming equivalent linear material model.
Riverbed transformation as a result of a ferry crossing construction – case study
Authors: Sosnowska Anna
Published: January 2019

Riverbed under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors is constantly being transformed. The changes of the channel parameters related to natural phenomena are rarely dynamic. Contrarily it is in the case of human activity. The introduction of river engineering structures to the riverbed aims to quickly adapt the river to the requirements. If construction of such forms is designed taking account of natural conditions prevailing in the riverbed, then negative effects cannot be observed. The situation is different when the river's characteristics were not considered in the design process. The article discusses the changes that the riverbed has undergone due to its intensive contraction at the ferry crossing at km 488 of Vistula, in Gassy. Current and archival aerial photographs were analyzed in terms of the transformation of the riverbed width, as well as the size of the mid-channel islands. The focus was concentrated on a section of the river 2 km above and 4 km below the ferry crossing. In particular, the parameters of the channel bar located directly below the narrowing and their change over the last decades were analyzed. Conclusions were drawn regarding the case study and recommendations for designing analogous solutions ensuing from the analysis were formulated.
Geotechnical characteristics of unburnt colliery spoils after coal-recovery
Authors: Zydroń Tymoteusz , Gruchot Andrzej , Zawisza Eugeniusz
Published: January 2019

The aim of the study was to determine the geotechnical characteristics of the unburnt colliery spoils after coal-recovery from the dumping site of one of the mines of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin in Poland. Due to grain-size distribution of tested spoils their geotechnical properties were determined using medium-sized apparatuses. In order to verify the suitability of the studied spoils for the construction of hydraulic embankments, the seepage and stability calculations were conducted for models of hydraulic embankments including the effect of flood wave passage on stress conditions within the construction and their slope stability. The test results revealed, that the studied colliery spoils are characterized by favourable values of geotechnical parameters and they fulfil the requirements for soil materials used in the analysed type of constructions. The spoils are characterized by good compactibility, relatively low water permeability and average susceptibility to mechanical disintegration, which in the case of using this material for the construction of hydraulic embankments and using proper compaction technology, should reduce their susceptibility to weathering. The results of seepage and slope stability calculations for hydraulic embankments built of the studied spoils confirmed their suitability for that type of constructions, retaining the proper inclination of slopes, whereas the variant of embankment without sealing is safer from the stability viewpoint.
Comparison of temperature distributions in road pavement obtained in field tests and using transient thermal analysis
Authors: Górszczyk Jarosław , Malicki Konrad
Published: January 2019

The paper presents the results of comparative analyzes of temperature distributions in the pavement structure. The distributions were determined in field measurements and transient thermal analysis.The phenomenon of thermal conduction in a road pavement is described by the Fourier-Kirchhoff heat transfer equation. The temperature distribution was analyzed at several depths of the pavement structure. The results of calculations are presented in the form of temperature profiles and graphs of temperature variability. The heat transfer model applied in the qualitative aspect correctly shows the heat transfer in the pavement structure, however in quantitative terms it requires calibration to local climatic and material conditions. Knowledge of the temperature distribution in the pavement is very important for the design and mechanical analysis of pavement structure.
Use of rest areas by passenger car drivers on fast road network in Poland
Authors: Spławińska Malwina
Published: January 2019

An integral part of a well-functioning network of national roads are Rest Areas (RA). They are crucial for road safety, provided that they are properly arranged and designed (not too long distance between them and enough number of parking spaces). They allow the drivers to safely stop and rest (use the toilet, use the telephone, eat a meal, sleep, etc.). However, in Europe, there is a shortage of parking spaces. In Poland, the situation is additionally complicated due to the lack of the current methodology for RA planning and design. There are also no indications for which traffic conditions a calculation should be made and measurements should be performed. The objectives of this study were to determine the use of rest areas by passenger car drivers, including in particular the determination of the percentage of vehicles entering the given RA and determination of the appropriate time interval for parking demand data collection. It was found that use of RA depend of its individual facilities and direction of movement (varied from 2.1% to 19.3% of the main-line traffic) and it’s the biggest on Friday from 12:00 to 18:00. This study was conducted on four RA located in central region of Poland.