bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFICATION AND RISK CONTROL OF THE HACCP SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION IN THE PASTEURIZED CRAB PRODUCTION PROCESS
Authors: A.P., Hari Purnomo Rezki Amelia Aminuddin
Published: November 2021

Background: In the production process, small accidents often occur between fellow workers in the production area, such as workers colliding with each other during the transfer process from one process to the next which causes the product to spill and workers fall, causing injury. PT. XYZ is a company engaged in the seafood industry, especially canning crabs. The company's production process applies a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) system with 12 work areas and 80% of the process is still done manually. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify risks and control the implementation of the HACCP system in the crab canning industry using the HAZOP method. Method: This type of research is a descriptive study, using the HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) method. The research was carried out at 12 nodes, namely receiving, checking aroma, sorting, mixing and filling, metal detecting, weighing, seaming, pasteurization, chilling, packing, and sanitation. Result: The results showed 4 risk ratings, namely low, medium, high, and extreme risk based on 8 sources of potential hazards. The biggest risk that is extreme is in node seaming. Conclusion: Based on processing data, 8 sources of potential hazards that can occur in the pasteurized crab meat production room. The recommendations given are to implement elimination, reduction, engineering control, administrative control, Personal Protective Equipment, work attitude improvement, and OHS training.
Selective Drivers of Simple Multicellularity
Authors: Tong Kai , Bozdag G. Ozan , Ratcliff William C.
Published: November 2021

In order to understand the evolution of multicellularity, we must understand how and why selection favors the first steps in this process: the evolution of simple multicellular groups. Multicellularity has evolved many times in independent lineages with fundamentally different ecologies, yet no work has yet systematically examined these diverse selective drivers. Here we review recent developments in systematics, comparative biology, paleontology, synthetic biology, theory, and experimental evolution, highlighting ten selective drivers of simple multicellularity. Our survey highlights the many ecological opportunities available for simple multicellularity, and stresses the need for additional work examining how these first steps impact the subsequent evolution of complex multicellularity.
Experimental Evaluation of Dry Powder Inhalers During In- and Exhalation Using a Model of the Human Respiratory System (xPULM™)
Authors: Pasteka Richard , Santos da Costa Joao Pedro , Forjan Mathias
Published: November 2021

Dry powder inhalers are used by a large number of patients worldwide to treat respiratory diseases. The objective of this work is to experimentally investigate changes in aerosol particle diameter and particle number concentration of pharmaceutical aerosols generated by five dry powder inhalers under realistic inhalation and exhalation conditions. The active respiratory system model (xPULM™) was used as a model of the human respiratory system and to simulate a patient undergoing inhalation therapy. A mechanical upper airway model was developed, manufactured and introduced as a part of the xPULM™ to represent the human upper respiratory tract with high fidelity. Integration of optical aerosol spectrometry technique into the setup allowed for evaluation of pharmaceutical aerosols. The results show that the upper airway model increases the resistance of the overall system and act as a filter for bigger particles (>3 µm). Furthermore, there is a significant difference (p < 0.05) in mean particle diameter between inhaled and exhaled particles with the majority of the particles depositing in the lung. The minimum deposition is reached for particle size of 0.5 µm. The mean particle number concentrations exhaled are 2.94% (BreezHaler®), 2.66% (Diskus®), 10.24% (Ellipta®) 2.13% (HandiHaler®) and 6.22% (Turbohaler®). In conclusion, the xPULM™ active respiratory system model is a viable option for studying interactions of pharmaceutical aerosols and the respiratory tract in terms of applicable deposition mechanisms. The model can support the reduction of animal experimentation in aerosol research and provide an alternative to experiments with human subjects.
Welfare of Farmed Crocodilians: Identification of Potential Animal-Based Measures Using Elicitation of Expert Opinion
Authors: Hewitt Leisha , Small Alison
Published: November 2021

Animal-based measures are the measure of choice in animal welfare assessment protocols as they can often be applied completely independently to the housing or production system employed. Although there has been a small body of work on potential animal-based measures for farmed crocodilians [1-3], they have not been studied in the context of an animal welfare assessment protocol. Potential animal-based measures, that could be used to reflect the welfare state of farmed crocodilians, were identified and aligned with the Welfare Quality® principles of good housing, good health, good feeding and appropriate behaviour. A consultation process with a panel of experts was used to evaluate and score the potential measures in terms of validity and feasibility. This resulted in a toolbox of measures being identified for further development and integration into animal welfare assessment on the farm. Animal-based measures related to ‘good feeding’ and ‘good health’ received the highest scores for validity and feasibility by the experts. There was less agreement on the animal-based measures that could be used to reflect ‘appropriate behaviour’. Where no animal-based measures were deemed to reliably reflect a welfare criterion nor be useful as a measure on the farm, additional measures of resources or management were suggested as alternatives. Future work in this area should focus on the reliability of the proposed measures and involve further evaluation of their validity and feasibility as they relate to different species of crocodilian and farming system.
Implementation of Six Sigma in Academia
Authors: Kiran Shashi , Sarode Antara , Chandrakanth Sohan
Published: November 2021

The Six Sigma (6σ) method is used to improve and optimize an organization’s products, services, and processes by constantly decreasing defects. In this paper we try implementing the 6σ methodology in Academia. The challenges and actuality of implementation of 6σ methodologies successfully in Academia are immense. However, the benefits of applying 6σ are equally great. The objective of this paper is to understand the evolution, benefits, and challenges of 6σ practices in academia through a case study of Presidency University situated in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. The problem statement in the paper is the poor performance of students in academics and by using the DMAIC approach of 6σ we try to identify and understand the causes and set out to improve them so the students can have better placement and academic opportunities. This paper is also an attempt to show the readers about the wide application of 6σ in fields other than manufacturing and how it can be beneficial.
The Residual Efficacy of SumiShield™ 50WG and K-Othrine® WG250 IRS Formulations Applied to Different Building Materials Against Anopheles and Aedes Mosquitoes
Authors: Lees Rosemary Susan , Praulins Giorgio , Lissenden Natalie , South Andy , Carson Jessica , Brown Faye , Lucas John , Malone David
Published: November 2021

Insecticides with novel modes of action are required to complement the pyrethroids currently relied upon for controlling malaria vectors. One example of this is the neonicotinoid clothianidin, which is found in SumiShield™ 50WG used in indoor residual spraying (IRS). In a preliminary experiment, mortality in insecticide susceptible and resistant An. gambiae adults exposed to SumiShield™ 50WG-treated filter papers reached 80% by 3-days post-exposure and 100% by 6-days post-exposure. Next, cement, wood, and mud tiles were treated with SumiShield™ 50WG or K-Othrine® WG250 (deltamethrin IRS formulation) and insecticide resistant and susceptible Anopheles and Aedes were exposed to these surfaces periodically for up to 18-months. Pyrethroid resistant Cx. quinquefasciatus were also exposed at 9 months. Between exposures tiles were stored in heat and relative humidity conditions reflecting those found in the field. On these surfaces, SumiShield™ 50WG was effective at killing both susceptible and resistant An. gambiae for 18 months post-treatment, while mortality amongst the resistant strains when exposed to deltamethrin (K-Othrine® WG250) IRS was not above that of the negative control. Greater efficacy of SumiShield™ 50WG was also demonstrated against insecticide resistant strains of An. funestus compared to deltamethrin, though the potency was lower when compared with An. gambiae. In general, a higher efficacy of SumiShield™ 50WG was observed on cement and mud compared to wood. SumiShield™ 50WG demonstrated poor residual activity against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Overall, the results suggest SumiShield™ 50WG is well suited for malaria control.
External and Internal Loads in Sports Science: Time to Rethink?
Authors: Ide Bernardo , Silvatti Amanda , Staunton Craig , Marocolo Moacir , Oranchuk Dustin , Mota Gustavo
Published: November 2021

The International System of Units (SI) was adopted in 1960 as a universal measuring system to be used for all areas of science. Sports Science papers have shown lots of inaccurate and inappropriate terms for quantification of athletes’ performance and the psychobiological responses to exercise (e.g., internal load). In biomechanics, external and internal loads are forces acting externally and internally, inducing stress and strain in the biological tissues. Therefore, the current review present simple proposals to correct the inappropriate terms: 1) do not use the term external load when referring to the assessment of exercise time, distance, displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration, torque, work, power, impulse, etc.; 2) do not use the term internal load when referring to the assessment of psychobiological stress markers (i.e., session rating of perceived exertion, heart rate, blood lactate, oxygen consumption, etc.); 3) do not use the term impulse when expressing other calculus than integrating force with respect to time, and neither strain, when expressing other phenomena than the body deformation. Instead, the term exercise intensity is universal and can be used to describe all forms of exercise. Finally, duration should precisely be described according to physical quantities (e.g., time, distance, displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration, force, torque, work, power, impulse, etc.) and the units accomplish by use of the SI. These simple quantifications can be performed for the exercises, sessions, microcycles, mesocycles and macrocycles of the athletes. Such standardization will provide a consistent and clear communication among sports scientists and all areas of science.
Survey of Freshly-Harvested Oat Grains from Southern Brazil Reveals High Incidence of Type B Trichothecenes and Associated Fusarium Species
Authors: Pinheiro Mariana , Iwase Caio Henrique Tadashi , Caramês Elem , BERTOZZI BRUNO G. , Carnielli-Queiroz Lorena , Lângaro Nadia C. , B. Furlong Eliana , Correa Benedito , O. Rocha Liliana
Published: November 2021

Oats are a nutrient rich cereal used for animal feed and growing in human consumption. This cereal can be affected by Fusarium spp., causing the disease Fusarium Head Blight. This disease is caused mainly by species within the Fusarium graminearum species complex, and are also responsible for producing mycotoxins that are harmful to humans and animals. This study aimed to investigate fungal diversity in Brazilian oat samples, focusing on the Fusarium sambucinum species complex and the presence of type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol and its derivatives, and nivalenol) from two different regions; Paraná (PR) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The isolated fungi from oat grains were identified as species from the genera: Fusarium, Phoma and Alternaria. The majority of Fusarium isolates belonged to the Fusarium sambucinum species complex; identified as F. graminearum s.s., F. meridionale and F. poae. In the RS region, F. poae was the most frequent fungus, while FGSC was the most frequent in the PR region. The majority of F. graminearum s.s. isolates were of the 15-ADON genotype, while some 3-ADON genotypes were identified; however, F. meridionale and F. poae were all of the NIV genotype. Mycotoxin analysis revealed that 92% and 100% of the samples from PR and RS were contaminated with type B trichothecenes, respectively. The oats from PR were predominantly contaminated with DON, whereas NIV was predominant in oats from RS. Analysis showed that 24% of the samples were contaminated with DON at levels higher than Brazilian regulations. Co-contamination of DON, its derivatives and NIV was observed in 84% and 57.7% of the samples from PR and RS, respectively. The results provide new information on Fusarium contamination in Brazilian oats, highlighting the importance for further studies on mycotoxins.
Using Pacemaker to Improve Reliability of Access to Critical Data
Authors: Mikhaylov Gury Mikhaylovich , Zhizhchenko Mikhail Alekseevich , Chernetsov Andrey Mikhailovich
Published: November 2021

The problem of improving the reliability of the organization's critical access resources is discussed in this article. We consider the case of a two-node high availability cluster based on Pacemaker and a DRBD distributed file system, which ensures the operation of an organization's website and a MySQL database server in active-passive mode. The configuration is shown for most of the used HA-cluster resources.
Assessment of the accessibility of improvement facilities for low-mobility groups of the population based on reviews in social networks
Authors: Nizomutdinov Boris Abdullochonovich , Kazak Vladimir Andreevich
Published: November 2021

Today, social networks play a huge role in the life of a modern person Moreover, people can not only communicate in this way, but also share tips, professional skills, promote their services, buy goods, and so on. Every day, a huge amount of information appears in social networks. People ask questions about their future trips, share their travel experiences, talk about local attractions, post photos, praise or scold restaurants, museums and any other objects of the urban environment. In this paper, we consider a method for assessing the availability of urban improvement facilities for low-mobility groups of the population based on data from their social networks The study was conducted on the example of the Petrogradsky district of St. Petersburg. 25 objects of urban improvement (parks, gardens, squares) were selected, and reviews from Google Maps were uploaded for each object. A dictionary describing the accessibility of objects was prepared and a database search was conducted to find problems related to accessibility for low-mobility groups of the population that users write about. All reviews were depersonalized and depersonalized. Such data can be used by the city authorities when planning new facilities, or when implementing targeted programs for the development of improvement facilities.
Web database on bond dissociation energies of organic compounds
Authors: Tumanov Vladimir Evgen'vich , Prokhorov Andrei Ivanovich
Published: November 2021

The article presents a scientific service on the Internet "Bond Dissociation Energies of Organic Compounds Database". This web database contains experimental values of dissociation energies of homolytic bonds. The service is intended for use by a wide range of chemists, theorists and practitioners in the open access on the Internet. The paper provides a brief overview of the literature sources of the dissociation energies of bonds of organic molecules, which are calculated theoretically, measured experimentally and estimated from kinetic and thermochemical experimental data. Descriptions of experimental data sources, classes of organic compounds and calculation methods are given. The logical structure of the database and the description of the main fields of its tables are given. The architecture of the web database is presented. The main search form of the database interface is presented and examples of search results for a specific organic compound and a fragment of a chemical formula are given. For most compounds, the values of the bond dissociation energy are given at a temperature of 298.15 K, which is usually absent in most sources (taking into account temperature correlations). Currently, work is underway to analyze the published data taking into account the entropy effects.
Semantic library LibMeta as a tool for building the knowledge space of a scientific subject area
Authors: Ataeva Olga Muratovna , Serebryakov Vladimir Alekseevich
Published: November 2021

The paper considers an information system designed to represent a subject area related to science and its features. Highlighted general concepts for formal description of such a subject area in the knowledge base of the semantic library. The peculiarity of these areas is that the data structure is subject to frequent changes. Therefore, the means of organizing knowledge, which is a semantic library, should be sufficiently universal and not require deep technical knowledge. The paper describes the functionality of the system and its use.
Methods and Technologies of Search, Explication and Analysis of Contextual Knowledge for Scientific Heritage Studies: A Case Study of Georgy F. Gause
Authors: Prokudin Dmitry Evgenievich , Kononova Olga Vitalievna , Levit Georgy Semeonovich
Published: November 2021

The objective of this research is to study methods of search, explication and analysis of text data of scientific publications with information and communication technologies for use in scientific research. The research is based on Russian-language scientific publications reflecting the scientific heritage of G. F. Gause. The proposed study is based on the results of case studies conducted to assess the possibilities of using digital information resources in scientific research, extracting metadata from digital electronic resources using methods of their subsequent quantitative processing. The study examined the methods of explication and analysis of text data extracted from digital scientific resources (for example, Elibrary). For the analysis, the information system Sketch Engine was used, which provides natural language text processing (NLP) tools. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, conclusions are drawn about the possibility of using the studied methods not only in scientific research, but also in a wide range of scientific research on various topics.
Mobile technologies and design of the architecture of a mobile application for monitoring the state of the environment
Authors: Ivanova Anna Anatolievna , Kononova Olga Vitalievna
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the article is to show the relevance of the topic of the introduction of digital technologies in tourism activities and to summarize the experience of implementing gamification mobile applications for tourism in Russia and in the world by the example of designing a mobile application for eco-tourism, within the framework of the tourist cluster of the Vyborg district of the Leningrad region. The service is designed for regular monitoring and monitoring of the ecological culture of tourists in protected natural areas. The study analyzes modern practices of using digital services in tourism, identifies the main goals and objectives of service design, and considers the general scheme of performing environmental tasks. The study analyzes modern practices of health telemonitoring, identifies the main goals and objectives of service design, and considers the General scheme of remote monitoring for further development.
Crossref reports for publishers and scientific publications
Authors: Ermakov Alexey Viktorovitch
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with the issues of placing metadata of scientific publications in the Crossref bibliographic database. All information contained in the metadata is analyzed by Crossref and displayed in various reports. The reports give the publisher an idea of the completeness and correctness of the bibliographic data presented. The completeness and correctness of metadata directly or indirectly affect the number of views and citations of a publication, and, accordingly, the ratings of scientific publications, authors, and organizations.
Dynamic click-through counter for an online scientific publication
Authors: Revyakin Yurii Gennadievich
Published: November 2021

The proposed work is devoted to the problem of dynamic display of popularity indicators of a particular hyperlink directly on the web-page containing these links. The potential interest in such solutions is discussed, using the example of including an clicks counter as part of a bibliographic hyperlink of an online scientific publication. The implementation of the necessary software tools for this based on the JavaSript language and AJAX technology is considered.
Method for expert search using bibliographic data
Authors: Kozitsin Alexander Serggevich , Afonin Sergey Alexandrovich , Shachnev Dmitry Alexeevich
Published: November 2021

The use of modern methods of thematic analysis for the analytical processing of information is currently used in almost all areas of human activity, including scientometrics. Many scientometric and citation systems, including the world famous WoS, Scopus, Google Shcolar, develop thematic categories for searching and processing information. Most important tasks that can be solved using thematic classification methods are: assessment of the dynamics of the development of thematic areas in the organization, country and in world science; search for articles on a given topic; search and assessment of the authority of experts; search for journal for publication and other relevant tasks. The Lomonosov Moscow State University is currently developing and using the system ISTINA. In this project, algorithms have been created that solve some of the problems listed. Scientific research is underway to create new effective mathematical models and algorithms in this area.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 06.11. по 12.11.2021 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Краснов Ярослав , Осина Наталья , Сафронов Валентин , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: November 2021

В обзоре представлен анализ геновариантов вируса SARS-CoV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе их геномов в базе GISAID за неделю с 06.11.2021 г. по 12.11.2021 г.
Variation in the Profit Margin for Different Types of Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Fang Christopher J. , Shaker Jonathan M. , Hart Paul-Anthony , Cassidy Charles , Mattingly David A. , Jawa Andrew , Smith Eric L.
Published: November 2021

Background:

As health care shifts to a value-based model with bundled-payment methods, it is important to understand the costs and reimbursements of arthroplasty procedures that represent the largest expenditure of Medicare. The aim of the present study was to characterize the variation in (1) total hospital costs, (2) reimbursement, and (3) profit margin for different arthroplasty procedures.

Methods:

The total hospital costs of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), total hip arthroplasty (THA), anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA), and total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) were calculated with use of time-driven activity-based costing at an orthopaedic institution from 2018 to 2020. The average reimbursement for each type of procedure was determined. Profit margin, defined as the reimbursement profit after direct costs, was calculated by deducting the average time-drive activity-based total hospital costs from the reimbursement value. Multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between costs, reimbursement, and profit margins.

Results:

There were 13,545 arthroplasty procedures analyzed for this study, including 6,636 TKAs, 5,902 THAs, 346 TSAs, 577 RSAs, and 84 TAAs. Costs and reimbursement were highest for TAA. THA and TKA resulted in the highest profit margins, whereas RSA resulted in the lowest. The strongest associations with profit margin were private insurance (0.46547), age (−0.22732), and implant cost (−0.19240).

Conclusions:

THA and TKA had greater profit margins overall than TAA and upper-extremity arthroplasty in general. Profit margins for RSA, TSA, and TAA were all at least 28% lower than those for TKA or THA. Lower-volume arthroplasty procedures were associated with decreased profit margins. Study findings suggest that optimizing implant costs and length of stay are important for sustaining institutional fiscal health when performing shoulder and ankle arthroplasty surgery.
Rare Case of Dynamic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Resolved by an Isolated Subclavius Posticus Muscle Resection
Authors: Dukan Ruben , Petroni Gautier , Muller Guy-Paul , Silvera Jonathan , Masmejean Emmanuel H.
Published: November 2021

Case:

We reported a dynamic neurogenic left thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) with a permanent abduction of the fifth left finger. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessed the presence of subclavius posticus muscle (SPM). Because of a nonoperative treatment failure, we performed a brachial plexus neurolysis and SPM resection. Immediate postoperative assessment showed an immediate disappearance of the Wartenberg sign.

Conclusion:

SPM constitutes an underestimated cause of TOS. A careful MRI reading is necessary to make correct diagnosis. Nonoperative treatment includes physiotherapy and can be proposed in first instance. When nonoperative treatment fails, brachial plexus exploration with release of the SPM may result in resolution of symptoms.
The Magic Potion of Austerity and Poverty Alleviation: Narratives of political capture and inequality in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Kallas Diana
Published: November 2021

Dominant narratives promoting economic growth at the expense of state institutions and basic social services have long underpinned a neoliberal model of spiralling debt and austerity in the MENA region. This exacerbates political capture and inequality and takes shape in an environment of media concentration and shrinking civic space. It is important for change movements to understand dominant narratives in order to challenge and shift them. With the right tools, civil society organizations, activists, influencers and alternative media can start changing the myths and beliefs which frame the socio-economic debate and predetermine which policy options are accepted as possible and legitimate, and which are not.
Long-Term Stability of PVDF-SiO2-HDTMS Composite Hollow Fiber Membrane For Carbon Dioxide Absorption in Gas–Liquid Contacting Process
Authors: Pang Honglei , Qiu Yayu , Sheng Weipeng
Published: November 2021

To obtain a long-term stable operation of the hollow fiber membrane for using in membrane contact absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2), hybrid polyvinylidene fluoride-silica-hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (PVDF-SiO2-HDTMS) membrane were fabricated via the non-solvent induced phase-inversion method. The surface properties, performance characteristics and long-term stable operation performance of the prepared membranes were compared and analyzed. The results show the outer surface of the prepared membranes exhibited superhydrophobicity because of the formation of rough nano-scale microstructures and the low surface free energy. Due to the addition of inorganic nanoparticles, the mechanical strength of PVDF-SiO2-HDTMS membranes were improved. The long-term stable operation experiments were carried out with the inlet gas (CO2/N2 = 19/81, v/v) at a flow rate of 20 mL/min and the absorbent liquid (1 mol/L DEA) at a flow rate of 50 mL/min. And the result showed that the mass transfer flux of PVDF-SiO2-HDTMS membrane decreased from the initial value of 2.39×10-3 mol/m2s to 2.31×10-3 mol/m2s, which was a decrease of 3% after 20 days. The main benefit is the addition of inorganic nanoparticles, which have strong chemical resistance and high hydrophobicity, thereby preventing structural damage and pore wetting of the membrane. PVDF-SiO2-HDTMS membrane exhibits excellent long-term stable operation performance of CO2.
The Complete Chloroplast Genome of Critically Endangered Chimonobambusa hirtinoda (Poaceae: Chimonobambusa) and Phylogenetic Analysis
Authors: liu yanjiang , Zhu Xiao , Wu Mingli , Xu Xue , Dai Zhaoxia , Gou Guangqian
Published: November 2021

Chimonobambusa hirtinoda is a threatened species and only naturally distributed in Doupeng Mountain, Duyun, Guizhou, China. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is used obtained the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of C. hirtinoda, and then the sequence was assembled and analyze for phylogenetic and evolutionary. We also analyzed comparing the cp genome among Chimonobambusa species with previously published. The complete cp genome of C. hirtinoda has the total length of 139, 561 bp, 38.90% GC content was detected. A total of 130 genes were founded in the cp genome, including 85 protein coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA. Some genes are missing and the introns occur lost in the cp genome of C. hirtinoda. A total of 48 simple sequence repeat (SSR) were detected and by measuring the codon usage frequency of amino acids, the A/U preference of the third nucleotide in the cp genome of C. hirtinoda was obtained. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis using complete cp sequences, matk gene exhibited genetic relationship within the Chimonobambusa genus.
Understanding the Role of Student Stress, Personality and Coping on Learning Motivation and Mental Health During a Pandemic
Authors: Gibbons Chris
Published: November 2021

The aims explored associations between stress ratings and influences on coping on student mental health and motivation and compared defensive-pessimism against optimism as a strategy for learning motivation. Most research construes stress as distress, with little attempt to consider positive ‘eustress’ experiences. Undergraduate psychology students (N=162) were surveyed on student and pandemic-related stressors, personality, support, control, mental health and learning motivation. Overall, lack of motivation and procrastination were acute. Uplifting ratings of teaching and optimistic thinking were associated with good mental health, but context control was key. Hassle ratings of teaching lowered learning motivation. Support and conscientiousness bolstered learning motivation, with the latter an important buffer against hassle experiences on motivation. Openness was associated with the stress involved in learning. For those anxious-prone, defensive-pessimism was as effective as optimism was for those not anxious-prone, in stimulating learning motivation. Developing context control, support and strategies linked to personality could bolster student resilience during and post Covid-19.
Efficacy and Safety of Vedolizumab for Pediatrics With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a Systematic Review
Authors: Fang Shengbo , Song Yanqing , Zhang Chunyan , Wang Libo
Published: November 2021

Background: Vedolizumab use in pediatrics is still off-label and the data are limited. We conducted a systematic review evaluating the efficacy and safety of vedolizumab in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were systematically searched for studies of vedolizumab in children and adolescents with IBD reporting clinical remission, response, corticosteroid-free (CS-free) remission, mucosal healing, or safety up to November 21 2020. Results: 7 studies, comprising 238 patients were included. For CD, the pooled clinical remission rates were 25% (19/75) at 6 weeks, 28% (19/67) at 14 weeks, 32% (17/53) at 22 weeks, and 25% (1/4) at 1 year. For UC/IBD-U, the pooled clinical remission rates were 36% (25/70) at 6 weeks, 52% (32/61) at 14 weeks, 53% (24/45) at 22 weeks, and 60% (6/10) at 1 year. Mucosal healing was found in 17%-39% of CD and 15%-34% of UC/IBD-U respectively. Six percent of patients reported serious adverse events.Conclusions: According to low-quality evidence based on case series, approximately one-third and one-half of patients for CD and UC/IBD-U respectively achieved remission within 22 weeks. Long-term benefit profile data and high quality evidence are still needed.
MiR-21 is a Predictor for Chemoradioresistance and a Novel Therapeutic Target in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ishinaga Hajime , Okugawa Yoshinaga , Hou Bo , He Feng , Yin Chengzeng , Shah Said Ahmad , Murata Mariko , Toiyama Yuji , Takeuchi Kazuhiko
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveThis study aimed to clarify whether circulating miR-21 represents a predictive biomarker in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) undergoing chemoradiotherapy, and to investigate the effect of miR-21 inhibitor for chemoradiation in human SCC cells.MethodsPlasma samples were obtained from 22 patients with HNSCC and 25 non-cancer volunteers. Plasma miR-21 expression was measured using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The effects of miR-21 inhibitor in human SCC cells were investigated by performing 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis.ResultsPlasma miR-21 expression was higher in HNSCC patients than in control patients (p< 0.001). Seven patients with recurrence showed significantly higher plasma miR-21 than the 15 patients without recurrence. Moreover, miR-21 inhibition significantly enhanced cisplatin- or radiation-induced apoptosis. Western blot analysis suggested the programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) protein as a potential target of miR-21 in relation to apoptosis. Adding miR-21 inhibition to radiation or cisplatin treatment provided clear and potent suppression of tumor cell proliferation.ConclusionThis study provides new insights into the role of miR-21 as a predictive biomarker for HNSCC treated with chemoradiotherapy, and suggests a potential target to improve the effects of chemoradiotherapy against HNSCC.
Selection of CMIP6 GCM With Projection of Climate Over The Amu Darya River Basin
Authors: Salehie Obaidullah , Hamed Mohammed Magdy , Ismail Tarmizi , Tam Tze Huey , Shahid Shamsuddin
Published: November 2021

Global Climate Models (GCMs) are considered the most feasible tools to estimate future climate change. The objective of this study was to assess the interpretation of 19 GCMs of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) in replicating the historical precipitation and temperature of climate prediction center data for the Amu Darya river basin (ADRB) and the projection of climate of the basin using the selected GCMs. The Kling Gupta efﬁciency (KGE) metric was used to assess the effectiveness of GCMs to simulate the annual geographic variability of precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature (Pr, Tmx and Tmn). A multi-criteria decision-making approach (MCDMA) was used to integrate the KGE values to rank GCMs. The results revealed that MPI-ESM1-2-LR, CMCC-ESM2, INM-CM4-8 and AWI-CM-1-1-MR are the best in replicating observed Pr, Tmx and Tmn in ADRB. Projection of climate employing the selected GCMs indicated an increase in precipitation (9.9-12.4%) and temperature (1.3-5.5⁰C) in the basin for all the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs), particularly for the far future (2060-2099). A significant variation can be seen in temperature over the different climatic zone. However, the intercomparison of selected GCM projected revealed high uncertainty in the projected climate. The uncertainty is higher in the far future and higher SSPs compared to the near future and lower SSPs.
Xylanase Production By Thermobacillus Xylanilyticus is Impaired By Population Diversification But Can Be Mitigated Based On the Management of Cheating Behavior
Authors: Bouchat Romain , Vélard Frédéric , Audonnet Sandrine , Rioult Damien , Delvigne Frank , Rémond Caroline , Rakotoarivonina Harivony
Published: November 2021

Background: The microbial production of hemicellulasic cocktails is still a challenge for the sector of biorefineries and agro-waste valorization. In this work, the production of hemicellulolytic enzymes by Thermobacillus xylanilyticus has been considered. This microorganism is of interest since it is able to produce an original set of thermostable hemicellulolytic enzymes, and notably a xylanase GH11, Tx-xyn11. However, cell-to-cell heterogeneities impairs the production capability of the whole microbial population.Results: Sequential cultivations of the strain on xylan as a carbon source has been considered in order to highlight and better understand this cell-to-cell heterogeneity. Successive cultivations pointed out a fast decrease of xylanase activity (loss of ~75%) after 23.5 generations. Accordingly, the expression of the Tx-xyn11 gene decreased drastically and followed the same trend as the xylanase activity. Flow cytometry analyses pointed out that two subpopulations, differing at the level of their light scattering properties, were potentially involved in this progressive loss of enzymatic activities. Interestingly, upon successive cultivations on xylan, the subpopulation exhibiting low forward scatter (FSC) signal. Additionally, the evolution of the ratio between the two subpopulations was correlated to the decrease in xylanase activity. Cell sorting and direct observation of the sorted subpopulations revealed that the low-FSC subpopulation was not sporulating, whereas the high-FSC subpopulation contained cells at the onset of the sporulation stage. Serial cultivations on glucose, followed by the addition of a xylan pulse led to a ~1.5-fold to ~15-fold improvement of xylanase, depending on the moment for pulse addition, , suggesting that alternating cultivation conditions could lead to an efficient population management strategy for the production of xylanase. Conclusions: Taken altogether, the data from this study point out that a cheating behaviour is responsible for the progressive reduction in xylanase activity during serial cultivations of T. xylanilyticus. Alternating cultivation condition between glucose and xylan could be used as an efficient strategy for promoting population stability and higher enzymatic productivity from this bacterium.
Preoperative Sarcopenia is Associated with Poorer Compliance Rate of Adjuvant Chemotherapy and Worse Disease-free Survival of Patients with Stage Ⅲ Colon Cancer
Authors: Yu Liang , Chen Guangliang , Xu Zongbin , Chi Pan , Chen Zhifen
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Preoperative sarcopenia has been proved to be associated with worse postoperative outcomes in cancer patients. This study aimed to evaluate whether preoperative sarcopenia affects the perioperative outcomes, adjuvant chemotherapy, and long-term outcomes of patients with stage Ⅲ colon cancer.Methods: Total 218 patients who underwent curative resection for stage Ⅲ colon cancer in our department from January, 2015 and December, 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Sarcopenia was assessed by total psoas index, which measured the total area the level of L3 vertebral body and normalized according to patients’ height. Perioperative complications, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and long-term prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.Results: Of 218 patients, 100(45.9%) patients were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Sarcopenia did not add the risk of perioperative complications (20.0% vs 15.3%, P=0.357), but it increased hospital stays (7.6±3.9 vs 6.7±2.2 days, P=0.042). Patients with sarcopenia had a lower rate of receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (70.0% vs 82.2%, p=0.033) and less likely to receive adequate adjuvant chemotherapy (58.6% vs 70.1, P=0.08). Patients with adequate adjuvant chemotherapy had significantly better 3-year OS (89.8% vs 79.5, P=0.005) and a tendency of better 3-year DFS (76.4% vs 63.6%, P=0.055) than those with inadequate adjuvant chemotherapy and Non-adjuvant chemotherapy. Compared with the patients without sarcopenia, patients with sarcopenia had significantly worse 3-year DFS (76.9% vs 62.8%, P=0.026).Conclusion: Preoperative sarcopenia was an important indicator to predict the compliance of AC in stage Ⅲ colon cancer patients, and it is also a significant prognostic factor of worse 3-year DFS.
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Ultrasound Features of Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma and Ovarian High-Grade Serous Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Wei , Qian Lin-Xue , wei Xue-Jing
Published: November 2021

Purpose To investigate clinical and ultrasound features for differentiating ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) from ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). Methods Forty-five patients with OCCC and 72 patients with HGSC were retrospectively studied. Patient clinical characteristics and ultrasound features of tumors were evaluated. The differences, including laterality, menopausal status, Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage between OCCC and HGSC patients were compared by Fisher’s exact test. The ultrasound features of tumors, including laterality, shape, configuration, color score, peritoneal implantation, and ascites, were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Results The average age at diagnosis in the OCCC group was 57.6±11.1 (range, 30–76) years, and 35.56% of patients were premenopausal. However, the average age at diagnosis was 63.4±12.2 (range, 42-81) years and 33.33% of patients were premenopausal in the HGSC group. There was a statistically significant difference in unilaterality (P< 0.001), clear boundaries (P<0.05), round or oval shape (P <0.05), and color score (P<0.05). Compared to HGSC patients, fewer OCCC patients had peritoneal implantation and ascites. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean size of papillary projections in OCCC and HGSC (P<0.05). The mean size of the papillary projections was significantly larger in OCCC than in HGSC. Conclusions OCCC commonly appeared as a large, round or oval mass with a clear boundary; the papillary projections of OCCC are larger and round. In contrast, HGSC was typically a large, irregular tumor with solid masses or mixed cystic-solid masses with small papillary projections.
A cross-sectional study of demonstrating expertise and job satisfaction in pharmacists and dietitians working in community pharmacies in Japan
Authors: Shoji Masaki , Sakane Naoki , Ito Naoki , Sunayama Keiji , Onda Mitsuko
Published: November 2021

Background
In Japan, there has been a private-sector initiative to register dietitians in pharmacies. There is not yet an adequate amount of data on the attitudes of dietitians in pharmacies regarding their work.
Objectives
To assess the attitudes of pharmacists and dietitians working in community pharmacies in Japan about their work, and particularly about demonstrating expertise and overall job satisfaction.
Methods
We administered a web-based questionnaire to pharmacists and dietitians working in pharmacy branches with registered dietitians at two pharmacy chains that agreed to cooperate. We used our own 7-item questionnaire and compared the scores for each item between pharmacists and dietitians.
Results
A total of 61 persons (22 pharmacists and 39 dietitians) answered the questionnaire. The item with the highest mean score (standard deviation) for pharmacists was "I feel that I am helpful to patients," at 3.50 (0.74), and for dietitians it was "I have colleagues at my workplace whom I can talk to when I have a problem," at 3.51 (1.00). Conversely, the items with the lowest mean score (standard deviation) were "I am satisfied with my current job" for pharmacists, at 3.14 (0.83), and "I can grow sufficiently as a professional" for dietitians, at 2.41 (0.97). As a result of factor analysis, the seven-item question could be divided into two factors: "demonstrating expertise" and "overall job satisfaction.” The factor-score for "demonstrating expertise" was significantly lower for dietitians than for pharmacists (p<0.01), but there was no significant difference in overall job satisfaction between the two professions (p=0.36). Further research is needed to understand why dietitians find “demonstrating expertise” difficult in pharmacies.
Scalp attached tangential magnetoencephalography using tunnel magneto-resistive sensors
Authors: Kanno Akitake , Nakasato Nobukazu , Oogane Mikihiko , Fujiwara Kosuke , Nakano Takafumi , Arimoto Tadashi , Matsuzaki Hitoshi , Ando Yasuo
Published: November 2021

Non-invasive human brain functional imaging with millisecond resolution can be achieved only with magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG). MEG has better spatial resolution than EEG because signal distortion due to inhomogeneous head conductivity is negligible in MEG but serious in EEG. However, this advantage has been practically limited by the necessary setback distances between the sensors and scalp, because the Dewar vessel containing liquid helium for superconducting sensors requires a thick vacuum wall. Latest developments of high critical temperature (high-Tc) superconducting or optically pumped magnetometers have not allowed scalp-attached MEG due to cold or hot temperatures at the sensing point, respectively. Here we applied tunnel magneto-resistive (TMR) sensors that operate at room temperature. Improvement of TMR sensitivity with magnetic flux concentrators enabled scalp-attached and scalp-tangential MEG to target the largest signal component produced by the neural current below. In a healthy subject, our single-channel TMR-MEG system clearly demonstrated the N20m, the initial cortical component of the somatosensory evoked response after median nerve stimulation. Multisite measurement confirmed a spatially and temporally steep peak of N20m, immediately above the source at a latency around 20 ms, indicating a new approach to non-invasive functional brain imaging with millimeter and millisecond resolutions.
Multipoint Monitoring of Amplitude, Frequency, And Phase of Vibrations Using Concatenated Modal Interferometers
Authors: Chatterjee Kalipada , Arumuru Venugopal , Patil Dhananjay , Jha Rajan
Published: November 2021

Concatenated modal interferometers-based multipoint sensing system for detection of amplitude, frequency, and phase of mechanical vibrations is proposed and demonstrated. The sensor probes are fabricated using identical photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sections and integrated along a single fiber channel to act as a compact and efficient sensing system. Each identical probe acts as a modal interferometer to generate a stable interference spectrum over the source spectrum. In presence of external dynamic field about each probe, the probes respond independently, producing a resultant signal that is a superposition of each interferometer response signal. By analysing the resultant signals using computational techniques, the vibration parameters applied to each interferometer are realized. The sensing system has an operation range of 1 Hz-1 kHz with a sensitivity of 51.5 pm/V. Such a sensing system would find wide applications at industrial, infrastructural, and medical fronts for monitoring various unsteady physical phenomena.