bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modified Methods and Technical Techniques of Operations for “Difficult” Duodenal Ulcers
Authors:   DSc, Professor, Andijan State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, A.K. Botirov
Published: October 2022

In elective surgery of duodenal ulcers (DU), postoperative mortality reaches 4–6%, with perforation of the ulcer – 5–8%, with bleeding – 20–30%. At the same time, the leading cause of mortality is the failure of the duodenal stump, which occurs in 0.4–4.4% of patients, which significantly increases with gastric cancer due to “difficult” duodenal ulcers. The authors have developed improved methods and techniques that ensure the safety of surgical intervention in case of “difficult” DU and facilitate its technical implementation. As a result, the authors reduced the incidence of postoperative complications associated with the technique of gastric surgery to 7.2% (in the control group – 19.3%), as well as mortality to 1.2% (in the control group 9.0%).
Los contratos de prestación de servicios profesionales y de apoyo a la gestión celebrados por las entidades públicas
Authors:   Universidad de Medellín, Mena Figueroa Ruth Angélica , Medina Palacio Diana Carolina ,   Universidad de Medellín, Mondragón Duarte Sergio Luis ,   Universitaria Remington
Published: October 2022

La presente investigación está encaminada en realizar una descripcion acerca de la naturaleza del contrato de prestación de servicios profesionales y de apoyo a la gestión que celebran las entidades públicas en Colombia a la luz de las normas que rigen la materia, en especial la Ley 80 de 1993 y la jurisprudencia que analice el propósito. Lo anterior, a fin de determinar su cumplimiento en cuanto a la formación acorde a las normas vigentes, o si por el contrario se ha desdibujado su esencia para convertirlo en un contrato realidad actualmente. De esta forma, a través de un método hermenéutico por medio de un enfoque cualitativo de tipo descriptivo explicativo se evidenció que el contrato de prestación de servicios obedece a un tipo de vinculación de particulares con el Estado, y, que posee además elementos propios que los caracterizan, siendo uno los principales, la ausencia de subordinación continua del contratista, puesto que su actuación debe ser autónoma. En este sentido, las funciones que le sean asignadas a través de esta figura jurídica no pueden versar sobre actividades permanentes en la entidad pública, pues desvirtuaría su naturaleza, esencia y propósito.
A Clinical Study toEvaluate the Therapeutic Effect of Drug Tagaradi Kwath in the Management ofAnidra(Insomnia) –A Research Article
Authors: Singh Sanjay , Sohgoura Deepak , Patil Umesh , Mishra Ratnaprava
Published: October 2022

Anidra(Insomnia) is a type of sleep disorder in which individual feels difficulty in falling asleep, staying asleep or both. In Ayurveda, Anidrais indicated as VataNanatmajaVikaraby Acharya Charaka. Insomnia affects most of the people at any stage of life due to today’s stressful day to day life. Allopathic hypnotic drugs are used to treat insomnia in acute stage, but long-term use can lead to dependency and withdrawal symptoms along with other sideeffects. In present study a polyherbal compound Tagaradi kwathconsist extracts of Tagara, Turagagandha, Parpati, Shankhpushpi, Tridasavitapi, Tikta, Bharti (brahmi), Bhutakesi, Jaladhara, Krtamala, Cetaki and Gostanais used to check its efficacy in the management of insomnia. Aim: A clinical study to evaluate the therapeutic effect of drug Tagaradi kwathin the management of Anidra(Insomnia). Materials and methods: Total 30 newly diagnosed patients of age group 15 to 70 years of insomnia who were not taking any other hypnotic medicine were selected and administered 50ml ofKwathat bedtime for 1 month. Assessment was done considering the overall improvement of sleep quality according to Athens Insomnia Rating Scale, improvement in associated complains, relieving of anxiety and depression. Observations: The information gathered on the basis of observations was subjected to statistical analysis. The Paired ‘t’ test was used to check the significance of objective criteria. Results:The results showed that the trial drug had Significant effect on almost all the mentioned parameters of Insomnia.
A Comparative Study of Amrita Guggulu and Siravyadha in the Management of Siragranthi w.s.r to Varicose Vein
Authors: A R Akhila , Sharma Vishnu Dutt , Kumar Gupta Rajesh
Published: October 2022

The study entitled “A Comparative Study Of Amrita GugguluAnd SiravyadhaIn The Management Of SiragranthiW.S.R To Varicose Vein” is mainly based on clinical observation. Susrutaexplained the nidanas, samprapthi, chikitsa, and sadhyasadhyatha, as well as many forms of therapies and consequences that were gathered from various classical sources. The study includes the use of Amrita gugguluinternally and Siravyadhaprocedure. A total of 50 cases of varicose veins were chosen and are randomly separated into two groups. For three months, Amrita guggulutwo tablets twice daily after food were administered. Siravyadhawas performed twice, once on the first day and again on the 90th day. Pain, nocturnal cramps, itching, ankle flare, venous edema, venous induration, and skin pigmentation were all observed in all of the study participants. After treatment procedure Siravyadhareduction in symptoms like pain, itching, varicosities and discoloration was statistically significant with the p value of< 0.001 was observed. One Patient in Group A (Amrita guggulu) and three patients of group B ( Sirayadha) got maximum improvement. 12 patients in group A and 15 patients in group B got moderate improvement
Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Prishniparni-Desmodium Gangeticum (Linn.) DC.
Authors: Krishna. R Aswathy , Ansary P Y , Oommen Sara Monsy , V V Shincymol
Published: October 2022

Prishniparni –Desmodium gangeticum (Linn.) DC. is a well-known drug extensively discussed in the Ayurvedic classics. The plant and the therapeutical potential of its root is highly emphasized in the literature.Pharmacognosy is the study of crude drugs ofplant and animal origin based on macroscopic and microscopic examination for the authentication and quality control. In present study, macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of root, was performed. Powder macroscopy as well as microscopy of powderof the drug was conducted. Assessment of colour, texture, odour and taste of powder were done in powder macroscopy. The macroscopic features of root, such as size, shape, external characters, type of fracture, colour, odour and taste were analysed. In microscopicevaluation of root, the different types of cells, their arrangement and cell contents were observed. The presence of cell constituents like prismatic calcium oxalate crystals, starch grain, stone cells, cork cells and fibres etc in the powder was observedusing powder microscopy.
Ayurvedic Management of Infertility due to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome – A Case Study
Authors: Haripriya S  , Sreedhar Asha
Published: October 2022

Motherhood is a beautiful feeling in a woman’s life. Inability to give birth to a baby isa very pathetic condition for a woman. Infertility is the failure to conceive even after one ormoreyearsofregularunprotectedcoitus.Eventhoughbothmaleandfemalefactorscontributeto infertility female are little more affected. Incidence of infertility is rising globally due toimproper life styles. PCOS is a life style disorder that is very common among women ofreproductive age group. In this case a 27 year old woman approached the OPD of PrasuthitantraandStreerogaofGovt.AyurvedaCollageHospitalforWomanandChildrenPoojappurawith a complaint of inability to conceive even after 5 years of unprotected sexual life andintense desire to get pregnant. She had irregular menstrual cycles and was diagnosed withbilateral PCOS. Based on Ayurvedic classics the features of pushpagni jathaharini is foundvery similar to this condition. The treatment adopted were to alleviate kapha and vata. Thetreatments were given to regularise the menstrual cycle, to produce healthy ovum and toimprove the qualities of garbhasambhava samagri. Both sodhana as well as samana chikitsawere given. Uttaravasti as a sthanika chikitsa also contributed much in this case. After 6monthsthepatient got conceivedand deliveredahealthyfemalebaby
Ayurvedic Management of Leiomyoma in Pregnancy-Case Study
Authors: Anila. M  , Maragathavalli.P
Published: October 2022

Uterine myomas or fibroids are the most common benign female tumours of the reproductive organs, associated with significant effect on quality of life. The incidence of fibroid in pregnancy ranges from 0.1% to higher rates of 12.5%.Pregnancy is the one of the important time periods among the milestone of every woman. The care of a pregnant women from the time of conception till her delivery is a very delicate process. WHO has put forwarded a standard protocol for the care of pregnant woman, it’s called as Antenatal care. Any ailments occurring during this period should be very carefully managed as it may cause harmful effects on the growing fetus. Leiomyoma can cause pressure symptoms based on their size and position. This can aggravate the pedal odema or varicosities which are already a positive sign of pregnancy. Fibroid is considered as garbhashaya granthiin Ayurveda.The main dosas involved here is vata and kapha. In garbhini any type of sastra karmaor anu sastra prayogasare contra indicated. So, the treatment should be vatakapha hara.For this drugs having praja sthapaka gunasshould be selected
Efficacy of Saindhavadi Rasakriya Anjanain Krimigranthiwith special reference to Seborrheic Blepharitis-A Case Study
Authors: Sivasankari N  , BS Naveen , Kumari B Geetha , Viswam Ajoy , Namboothir Krishnan
Published: October 2022

Acharya Vagbhatahas explained nine Sandhigata Rogasand Krimigranthiis one among them. Signs and symptoms of Krimigranthican be analyzed with seborrheic blepharitis which is one of the commonly encountered eye lid margin diseases in OPD. Study shows that 50 percent of population develop the disease with increasing age and contact lens usage. Treatments mentioned for Krimigranthiinclude Swedana, Bhedana and pratisarana. This case is of a female patient who complained of itching over both eyes, foreign body sensation, burning sensation, watering of eyes and falling of eyelashes since two years which gets aggravated on exposure to dry climate, increased Visual Display Terminals (VDT) usage & reduced sleep. Anjanawith Saindhavadi Rasakriya Anjanawas given for 15 days. Significant reduction in signs and symptoms were observed after the treatment
Ayurvedic Management of Switra(Vitiligo) -A Single case Study
Authors: Kumar Anil , Chudasama Hardik , Rai Pankaj , Yadav C.R.
Published: October 2022

Introduction-Vitiligo is the most widely known pigmentation disorder, and it is mentioned in Ayurvedaas Shwitrafor its characteristic appearance. It is caused by disturbance of all Tridoshaalong with Rakta, Mamsa, and Medadhatu. Vitiligo, the most common de-pigmenting disorder, affects 0.5–1% of the worldwide population, causing disfigurement and serious disturbances in quality of life. It is harmless but a very serious cosmetic problem which affects the emotional, psychological, and social well-being of the affected person. Material and Method -A 32-year-old female diagnosed with Vitiligo (Shwitra), presented with complaints of increasing area and number of de-pigmented patches of skin which was managed by following Ayurvedaprinciples. A treatment protocol was designed based on the signs and symptoms observed in this patient. The protocol includes only Shamanatreatment with a combination of powdered herbal drugs, viz., Bakuchi(Psoralea corylifolia),Manjistha(Rubia Cordifolia),Lodhra(Symplocos Racemosa)and Nagkesar(Pterocarpus marsupium)powder orally along with Arogyavardhini vati 500 mg twice in a dayorally. For Local Application Bakuchioil is administrated. Result and DiscussionThe treatment protocol was found to be effective in the reversal of de-pigmented patches to re-pigmentation, which may be adopted in future cases, using different combinations of drugs based upon the different Ayurvedicparameters to obtain even better results.
Kadali Pushpa Swaras Paan and Kadali Pushpa Ghrita Nasya in the Management of Asrigdara
Authors: Sunita  , Saxena Anjana
Published: October 2022

Menstruation is mirror of reproductive health. Regular menstrual cycles with adequate quantity and duration of bleeding indicate good reproductive health, with variations in these being reflected as menorrhagia, oligomenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea, PCOS, infertility etc. Incidence of Raktapradarais increasing day by day due to changing life style, increasing stress etc.Data suggests that 10 to 13% of all gynaecological outpatients are of Raktapradar(DUB).According to Ayurvedic literature the aggravatedApanavayu withholds vitiated Raktawhich is increased in the amount.It when reaches artavavahasrotasleads to increase in the amount of raja, (here Artavavahasrotas taken as whole female genital organs along with functional axis i.e., H-P-O axis). Altered H-P-O axis and GnRH regulation causes Raktapradara. So a study was done in 3 diagnosed patients of raktapradara to evaluate the effect of kadalipushpaghrutanasya ( Ghee processed with the juice of Banana inflorescence )along with oral kadalipushpaswarasapaana(juice of bnanainflorescence )with dadhi, with the aim to minimize the cyclic blood loss and to Regularize the cycle. Subjective criteriaare used to assess the amount of blood loss before and after the treatment. This therapy, helped to cure the heavy flow during menses and regularized the cycle
Distinct Perspective of Uterine Prolapse with special reference to its Etiological Factor and Treatment
Authors: Shivde Neha , Kore Sharayu
Published: October 2022

Uterine prolapse (UP), also known as pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and genital prolapse, describes the descent of the uterus from its normal anatomical confines to positions within or outside the vaginal introitus. Etiological factors for prolapse vary from study to study but those reported consistently are increasing age, parity and obesity. Other possible causes include smoking, chronic increase in intra-abdominal pressure, estrogen deficiency; connective tissue disorders, low socioeconomic status, ethnicity and family history.This article is a case study which represents, raised internal abdominal pressure due to YOGactivities like Kapalbhatias a causative factor of uterine prolapse and accordingly the treatment plan. At present people are practicing Yog, Pranayam& Asana. But it is important to remember that the activities appropriate for some women may not be suited to others depending on individual risk factors for pelvic floor injury. In Ayurved, treatment plan changes from person to person depending upon NIDANPANCHAK (Diagnostics) that is 1. Etiological factors 2. Premonitory Symptoms 3. Signs & Symptoms 4. Pacifying & Aggravating factors 5. Individualized pathogenesis of disease. Thus, it is not sufficient to treat such cases with disease specific treatment, but investigating etiological factor and planning of treatment accordingly is worthwhile.
Ayurvedic Management of Otomycosis - A Case Study
Authors: Magi Sujata , R Hiremath Veerayya , D K Shashikala , Gururaj N  , Raju S N
Published: October 2022

Introduction:Otomycosis is a type of otitis externa occurring due to fungal infection characterized by intense itching, pain in the ear, watery discharge and ear blockage. It is frequently seen in hot and humid climate of tropical and subtropical countries. In general population, the prevalence of otomycosis is 5.2% all over world and in India 9%. Further 5-25% otitis externa is due to otomycosis. The 90% of fungal infection involves Aspergillus Niger and rest Candida Albicans species. Treatment includes Aural Toileting, administration of antifungal agents or antibiotic steroid ear drops. These drugs have common side effects like burning sensation, irritation, swelling of the ear. Based on signs and symptoms it can be correlatedto karnakandu. Karnakanduis caused by vitiation of either Kaphadoshaalone or combined with Vatadoshaand it is characterized by itching sensation and inflammation in the ear canal. Treatment includes Nadisveda, Vamana, Murdhavirechana, Dhoomapana andSarva kapha nashaka chikitsa.Materials AndMethods:A 45 year male patient visited our OPD with complaining of itching, aural blockage and pain in the ear since 15 days. He was treated with karnapramarjanafollowed by antifungal arkaear drops 2 drops TID and Tablet NimbadiGuggulu1 TID for 7 days.Conclusion:Patient got complete relief form all signs and symptoms.Thus it can be concluded that,Antifungal Arka Ear drops can be advised for successful treatment in patients of Karnakandu(Otomycosis) as it is cost effective, ease of administration and given better efficacy in treatment
A Review on the Pathogenesis and Management of Vatavyadhi with Focus on the scope for Rasayana therapy
Authors: Priyalakshmi S  , B.G Resmi , Yadav Chhaju Ram
Published: October 2022

Rasayanameans a path or system to acquire Rasaor adequate nutrition for the body. It is a special therapy or modality which provides proper nourishment to every cell or tissue of the body. It also normalizes cell functions and preserves health at the molecular level. Ayurveda classifies Rasayanaintovarious types that can be used according to the context. Vata, one of the Tridosha,is the prime driving force behind all body activities. When Vata becomes imbalanced, it disrupts all of the events in the body, causing a variety of damage and diseases. Vata vyadhirefers to a group of diseases caused by vitiated Vata. Though it should be predominant in old age, because of today's fast-paced and hectic lifestyle, stress etc its occurrence seems to increase in young adults too.Rasayanais a way to achieve homeostasis and thus retarding the process of the aging phenomenon and preventing diseases.Rasayana chikitsaor Jara Chikitsawhich has been given a distinguished place in Ayurvedic Samhitas due to its importance in rejuvenating all the cells of the body,holds to serve positive results, particularly in the management of Vatavyadhi
Management of Hypothyroidism through Yoga Intervention: A Study of Yogic Approaches
Authors: Rani Pooja , Singh Sandeep
Published: October 2022

Introduction:Hypothyroidism is one of the most common health problems that are caused by the dysfunction of the thyroid gland. It is considered to be a widespread health problem in India and around the world and is more common among women. The aggregate prevalence of hypothyroidism in India is 10%, with a prevalence of 15.8% among women. In modern medicine, the synthetic thyroid hormone levothyroxine is used on a regular basis to treat hypothyroidism (Levothroid, Synthroid, and others). A patient may become permanentlydependent on these medications.Aim:Yoga-based practises have been demonstrated to help manage hypothyroid symptoms. There is limited research on the impact of yoga on thyroid diseases, despite the fact that it has been proposed that yoga may help to rejuvenate thyroid function.Materials and methods:In this review, we looked at the basic principles of the Pancha Kosha(five sheaths of human existence) concepts from the Indian scripture Taittiriya Upanishad,as well as the pathophysiology of a disease from the Yoga approach, Yoga Vasishta’sAdhi (mind-originated) and Vyadhi(ailment/disease) concepts.Result:Based on these perspectives and previous research, we offer an effective yogic management for hypothyroidism to improve the quality of life of a hypothyroid patient.
Physiological Importanceof Pachakpittain Aaharpaka(Digestion) in Modern Perspective
Authors: Sajwan Neha , Kumar Sharma Rajesh , Chandra Sharma Dinesh
Published: October 2022

The tridoshatheory drives Ayurvedascience. Pittais one of the three doshasand is responsible for digestion and metabolism. There are five forms of Pittadosha: Pachaka, Ranjaka, Alochaka, Bhrajaka, And Sadhakapitta. Pachakapittais in charge of food digestion, Saraand KittaVibhajan, and nourishing the Agneyacomponent of Pittain various sections of the body. Jatharagniis another name for it. Pitta'sagniaids digestion and then separates the Saraand Kittabhaga. Because of its location, it nourishes and strengthens Pitta. PachakaPittais to blame for AaharPachan, as our book clearly demonstrates.On the other hand, current or contemporary science has proven via several research those distinct digestive fluids are responsible for food digestion. All enzymes involved in digestion, such as amylolytic, proteolytic, and lipolytic enzymes, can be compared to pachakapitta, as its activities suggest. Only a few works on pitta's conceptual elements have been mentioned. The importance of pachakpittain food digestion is discussed in this article. The core resources for this study were gathered from Ayurvedicclassics with available commentaries, as well as modern medical science textbooks to gain a better grasp of the concept and its usefulness in digestion.
A DinacharyaProcedure as the Preventive Measure ofLifestyle Disorder in the Present Era: A Review Study
Authors: Bez Jayashree
Published: October 2022

In the present era, man runs for the making money, to gain more profits and to avail all facilities in the pursuits of prosperity in order to lead a life of aristocracy. Keeping in view of these, man is adhered to heavy responsibilities, duties, physical and mental tensions and workloads. So, he suffers from many lifestyle disorders and mental illness. Ayurveda being a holistic health science emphasises on the importance of healthy & secured lifestyle by preventing lifestyle disorders. This present paper focuses on various aspects of Dinacharya described in Ayurveda and its applications in the present scenario for the maintenance of good health to prevent lifestyle disorder. It is a Review study based on certain narratives of dinacharya
A Comprehensive approach toDaily Routine with Respect to the Concept of Dincharya
Authors: Kaur Paramjeet , Shukla Amit Kumar , Mishra Archna
Published: October 2022

Lifestyle simply means “the way in which person lives”. The daily activities of person since he wakes up to fall asleep are included in this. It includes dietary habit, the nature of his work, exercise, hobbies and leisure time activities. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. No such concept appears to be present in contemporary medical practices although a lot of importance has been given to dietary regulations and exercisein prevention and management of non-communicable diseases such as ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus. The present study had been undertaken to collect modern scientific evidences in support of Dinacharya(daily regimen) mentioned in ancient Ayurvedic texts and its role in preventing non communicable diseases.
Experiencia de internos de enfermería en su rotación por hospitalización durante la COVID-19
Authors: Gomez Reyes Zandy Evelyn
Published: October 2022

Introducción El internado de pregrado es una etapa fundamental de la formación médica en donde el alumno pone en práctica aptitudes y actitudes adquiridas en ciclos previos, y desarrolla nuevas en un escenario real. Objetivo, Analizar la experiencia de los internos de enfermería en su rotación por hospitalización durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método, muestra intencional, participaron 5 internos de la Carrera de Enfermería. Resultados Se encontró que los participantes aumentaron sus conocimientos y habilidades en la realización de procedimientos, con ayuda del EPP contagiados aplicando cuidados directos a pacientes Covid-19 positivos, reforzando su capacidad de razonamiento clínico. Para ello, mencionaron contar con cualidades y habilidades para un buen desempeño, apoyando al personal de enfermería durante una pandemia refirieron tener sentimientos ambivalentes ante esta nueva etapa por vivir. Conclusiones, Previo al internado los alumnos tienen altas expectativas sobre su formación del cuidado directo, además, su desempeño ante los pacientes y el manejo de sus emociones en un escenario real.
Normas de bioseguridad y manejo de desechos hospitalarios del personal de aseo y salubridad
Authors: Villacreses Veliz Elvira Geoconda , Romero Yela Carlos Hernán , Valverde Lucio Marcos Vinicio , Macías Alvia Aida Monserrate
Published: October 2022

La presente investigación denominada “Normas de bioseguridad y manejo de desecho hospitalarios del personal de aseo y salubridad” de la unidad de desechos sólidos del GAD municipal de  Jipijapa, provincia de Manabí”, tuvo como finalidad analizar desde el punto de vista profesional la falta de conocimientos y capacitación sobre las normas de bioseguridad que deben de utilizar los empleados para así prevenir enfermedades. Las normas de bioseguridad congregan el comportamiento y manejo preventivo, del personal, con el propósito de disminuir la probabilidad de adquirir infecciones en el medio laboral. El manejo de desechos sólidos hospitalarios debe ser atendido de forma conveniente, con un programa completo de prevención contemplando los aspectos del ambiente de trabajo y que cuente con la participación de los trabajadores, la aplicación de los controles de ingeniería, la capacitación y la concienciación sobre la protección personal.  Se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptivo, la metodología aplicada fue  de campo y bibliográfica documental; se utilizó la encuesta y la entrevista. De acuerdo a los resultados se elaboró una estrategia para lograr que los empleados de limpieza pública, cuenten con la indumentaria adecuada al momento de la recolección  de desechos hospitalarios y cumplan con las normas de bioseguridad.
Preparación de cuadros de la agricultura para la contribución al desarrollo territorial
Authors: Fuentes Díaz Bárbara , Utria Ortiz Yrma
Published: October 2022

La preparación de los cuadros debe conducir a desarrollar funcionarios públicos capaces de asumir nuevos paradigmas, sustentados en el cambio de mentalidad que se impulsa en el país. El aporte fundamental de la gestión universitaria al Desarrollo Local se manisfiesta mediante los Centros Universitarios Municipales (CUM), al convertirse en soportes de la gestión del conocimiento y la innovación en el territorio. Teniendo en cuenta la Estrategia de Desarrollo Municipal y la convocatoria del Proyecto Agrofrutales, insertada en el territorio, se formó un Equipo técnico provincial liderado por el CUM. Se realizaron 9 propuestas de proyectos, y fueron aprobados 7 de las entidades agrícolas del municipio.

Con la puesta en práctica de estos proyectos se logró una mayor articulación entre los trabajadores, decisores y el equipo técnico; se aprecian avances en el estilo de dirección de los cuadros y decisores a partir del uso de métodos de dirección colectiva. Se avanza en la preparación y sensibilización de los cuadros para facilitar la conformación y funcionamiento de mecanismos para la integración de los actores locales en el desarrollo territorial. Se promueve la formulación de proyectos innovadores, en correspondencia con los Objetivos de desarrollo sostenibles, la Estrategia de desarrollo municipal, sus líneas de desarrollo y los programas identificados en el territorio, integrando a los actores locales, lo que contribuye al desarrollo local y favorece la calidad de vida de la población artemiseña.
Gastronomía como recurso cultural del patrimonio intangible del cantón Jipijapa
Authors: Santos Moreira Vanessa Teresa , Pita Lino Alexandra Elsy , Pibaque Pionce Maritza Sandra , Vergara Mite Grace Estefanía
Published: October 2022

En los últimos años, la gastronomía ecuatoriana ha tomado mayor fuerza, por sus sabores, texturas y técnicas que se presentan en cada una de las elaboraciones, pero, sobre todo por la historia y herencia ancestral que guarda cada uno ellos. En el cantón Jipijapa está determinado el uso de la gastronomía como recurso cultural del patrimonio intangible del cantón, para lo cual se realizó visita insitu por las zonas rurales y urbanas reconocidas por la elaboración de los diversos platos tradicionales de la localidad, para obtener información y posterior plasmarlas en fichas de inventarios del Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural (INPC) en la que se resalta componentes como: datos de localización, fotografía referencial, datos de identificación, descripción, portadores, interlocutores, valoración, entre otros), continuando,  se definieron aquellos factores a tomar en cuenta para trasformar a Jipijapa en un destino turístico-gastronómico, finalmente, se propusieron estrategias ligadas al uso que se le puede brindar a la gastronomía tradicional como recurso cultura para atraer a turistas o visitantes a que degusten y valore las artes culinarias ancestrales que sobresalen en el lugar de estudio.
The Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Strains Isolated from Microbiological Specimens
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Bandirma Training and Research Hospital, Bandirma, Balıkesir, Turkey, Tuna Duygu Kubra
Published: October 2022

To determine the antibiotic resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from samples collected by the microbiology laboratory of a single center for four years. The samples of wound, blood, tracheal aspirate, abscess, vagina, cerebrospinal fluid, sputum, and urine culture isolated from 789 patients who were hospitalized in the service, intensive care and outpatient services between 2017-2020 were evaluated retrospectively for Pseudomonas species. Most of culture were urine (42.7%) and sputum cultures (20.4%). Most patients applied to the service were from department of chest diseases (38.6%) or from department of urology (14.3%) or palliative care unit (12.5%). The highest resistances were against cefuroxime, levofloxacin and netilmicin; lowest resistance was against amikacin. The aztreonam, cefepime and gentamicin resistances were significantly reduced by years (P=0.0321, 0.0038 and 0.0004, respectively) while colistin and levofloxacin resistance considerably increased (P<0.0001 and P=0.0407, respectively). Significant decreases were observed in resistance against cefepime, ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin over years (P=0.0321, 0.0038 and 0.0004, respectively). A significant decrease in resistance of strains isolated from urine culture was only observed for cefepime over years (P=0.0003). The resistance of strains isolated from cultures of sputum, urine and respiratory secretions against levofloxacin significantly increased in 2019 while those of wound culture increased in 2020 (P=0.0145). Alterations in the antibiotic resistance profile were detected in patients over years due to frequently varied use of antimicrobials.
CONCENTRATION OF FINE PARTICULATE MATTER (PM\(_{2.5}\)) AND BLACK CARBON (BC) IN AEROSOL SAMPLES IN AL-ZUBAIRY AREA IN SANA’A, YEMEN
Authors: Abdul-Rahim Ahmed Khalid , Al-Sowaidi Nabilah Ali , Eadan Zaid Abdullah
Published: October 2022

This research aims to study the air pollution due to fine Particulate Matter of radius less than 2.5µm (PM2.5) and Black Carbon concentration (BC) in air samples. Aerosol PM2.5 samples were collected from the rooftop of the National Oncology Center site in Al-Zubairy area in Sana’a Yemen. A Microprocessor Controlled Aerosol Sampling device ISAP1050e (Gerhard Schulze Automation Engineering, Germany company) was used to collect samples. The mass concentration of PM2.5 of collected samples ranged from 14.27 to 159.09 µg/m3 with an average of 32.66µg/m3. The PM2.5 results were compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) 2005 guideline of PM2.5 concentration in air. Statistical analysis showed a positive correlation between PM2.5 concentrations and temperature for both fall and summer samples. However, analysis showed a positive correlation between PM2.5 concentrations and relative humidity for fall samples and a negative correlation for summer samples. The black carbon (BC) concentrations in PM2.5 samples were measured using a Smoke Stain Reflectometer (SSR) device. The BC concentration ranged from 1.84 to 3.90 µg/m3 with an average of 2.90 µg/m3. The BC results were compared with some international reported results. The Air Quality Index (AQI) of 78.95% of PM2.5 concentrations was higher than the standard limit (AQI < 100) developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Effect of Thermal Variances on Flexible Pavements
Authors: TİZA Michael Toryila , JIRGBA Kavnen , SANI Habibu Abubakar , SESUGH Terlumun
Published: October 2022

This article presents recent findings on the effect of thermal variances on pavements. The study presents findings from different researchers and groups across the globe. The study covers temperature measurement in asphalt pavement, history of asphalt pavement temperature prediction models, determination of asphalt layer depth temperature, main factors contributing to temperature variations of asphaltic pavement, energy balance in flexible pavements, asphalt pavement design incorporating the temperature factor, the effect of temperature on the structural performance of asphalt pavement climate and environmental factors. Summarily, the study deduced that temperature has a reasonably substantial effect on the asphalt pavement layer's mechanical and physical material characteristics.
Effect of Fiber Type, Shape and Volume Fraction on Mechanical and Flexural Properties of Concrete
Authors: BAŞSÜRÜCÜ Mahmut , FENERLİ Cenk , KINA Ceren , AKBAŞ Şadiye Defne
Published: October 2022

An experimental study was herein presented focusing the effect of different type, shape and volume fraction of fibers on the hardened properties of concrete including compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strengths at 7 and 28 curing days. A control concrete mixture with no fiber was prepared and six fiber reinforced concrete mixtures were designed by using two different types of fibers which were steel fibers with different shapes (short straight and hooked end) and polypropylene fiber with the volume fraction of 0.4% and 0.8%. The load-deflection curves and toughness of the specimens were analyzed based on ASTM C1609. The results showed that the utilization of short straight steel fibers with 0.8% volume fraction was most efficient at improving the compressive strength while the use of 0.8% long hooked end steel fibers provided better splitting tensile and flexural strengths. Besides, the long hooked end steel fibers with the volume fraction of 0.8% contributed to an excellent deflection hardening behavior resulting in higher load deflection capacity and toughness at peak load, L/600 and L/150. On the other hand, with incorporation of polypropylene fiber, all strength values were decreased regardless of the volume fraction and curing days.
Natural pozzolan-based green geopolymer foam for thermal insulation
Authors: EKİZ BARIŞ Kübra , TANAÇAN Leyla
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the current study is to investigate the possibility of volcanic Tuff of Earth of Datça (ED) in Turkey to be used as an aluminosilicate source in the production of a geopolymer foam for thermal insulation. An extensive evaluation of the effects of fine sand-to-pozzolan and Al powder-to-pozzolan ratios on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties and morphology (porosity, average and maximum pore diameter, pore size distribution) of the pores were carried out. The sodium silicate and potassium hydroxide (12.5 M) solutions with an activator ratio of 2.5 were used as alkali activators and Al powder was used as a foaming agent. Research results reveal that Earth of Datça is a suitable precursor for the production of a geopolymer foam. Fine sand and aluminum powder contents are key factors on optimum foam structure. Addition of finely ground silica sand ensured the volumetric stability of the binder and prevented the collapse after swelling of the binder. The optimum Al powder-to-pozzolan ratio was determined as 0.5 % because it gives higher physical, mechanical and thermal properties due to the more homogenous microstructure with finer pore size, narrower pore size distribution and lower degree of interconnectivity between the pores. Research results also show that natural volcanic Tuff of Datça Peninsula as aluminosilicate source gives promising results in the field of producing highly porous geopolymers with low thermal conductivity (0.087-0.134 W/mK), high porosity (72.3-82.6 %) and an acceptable compressive strength (0.40-2.09 MPa). This study contributes to the literature that Earth of Datça-based geopolymer foam may function well as an insulation material for building enclosure.
THE FINANCING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE UNDER PANDEMIC THREATS
Authors: Andrey Kolomiets
Published: October 2022

The pandemic COVID-19 exposes a number of health care problems common for developed and developing countries, creates unprecedented threats and risks and cast doubt on the rightness of widespread approaches to the development of health care and especially primary health care (PHC). The pandemic has shown that even in developed countries the lack of access to first aid for vulnerable groups of the population (pensions, poor, migrants,etc.) can lead to catastrophic consequences for the society. Thus, PHC has indisputable characteristic of a public goods and services - non-excludability. This means that access to PHC must be free and equal to all persons in any region, whether such persons are temporary or permanent residents without exemptions caused by citizenship and social status. Insurance medicine, the source of financing of which is the contributions of insured persons and employers, is not able to provide such access. Thus, the social institutions combining market and non-market principles of financing and providing PHC services must support health care system workable. Budget is a main source of funding PHC service. Also, additional funding of open and equal access to PHC needed. Such funding can support: by earmarked deductions from income of insurance funds; by restrictions of tax evasion by “free-riders” entrepreneurs using unfair low wages of migrants and minorities for rising profits; by the issuing special “green bonds” for finance PHC equipment; and by expansion of activities local charity funds.
External indicators of fisheries interactions in known bycaught dolphins from bather protection nets along the KwaZuluNatal coastline, South Africa
Authors: Roussouw Natasha , Wintner Sabine , Hofmeyr Greg , Wohlsein Peter , Siebert Ursula , Plön Stephanie
Published: October 2022

Detailed examinations of dolphins incidentally caught in bather protection nets along the KwaZulu‐Natal coastline, South Africa, over the past 10 years have yielded a dataset that can assist in the examination of external signs of bycatch. Investigating these external signs of fisheries interactions could aid in determining whether they could be used as unequivocal indicators of entanglement in stranded dolphins for which cause of death is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of netmarks and other external injuries on individuals of two dolphin species (Tursiops aduncus and Sousa plumbea), both bycaught and stranded, along the south‐east coast of South Africa. Necropsy reports and photographs of 107 bycaught and 15 stranded dolphins between 2010 and 2017 were investigated to determine prevalence of netmarks and other external injuries in relation to species, sex, age class, and water temperature. Our results indicated that 36% of the bycaught dolphins and 13% of stranded dolphins showed netmarks on the skin. In bycaught animals, females were more likely to show netmarks (58%) and the majority of dolphins with netmarks were immatures (66%; immatures included calves, neonates and subadults). There was little evidence for water temperature affecting the appearance of netmarks. Furthermore, species, sex or age class did not play a significant role in the probability of netmark occurrence. Other external injuries were also observed in the bycaught (3–50%) and stranded animals (7–100%), with subcutaneous bruising being the most prominent sign in bycaught animals. Our study showed that only a small percentage of known bycaught animals actually present external signs of entanglement. Thus, additional evidence, such as histopathological examinations, is required to reliably identify entanglement cases in stranded animals.
Health Facility Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight among Neonates at Thika Level Five Hospital in Kiambu County, Kenya.
Authors: Kenyanya Joyce Osebe , Kikuvi Gideon , Wanzala  Peter , Nyagero Josephat
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To assess the health facility factors associated with low birth weight at Thika Level Five Hospital in Kiambu County, Kenya.

Methodology: Cross sectional convergent design was employed. The target group composed of mothers who delivered in the hospital during the study period (July-August, 2019). A sample was obtained from all willing mothers. Sample size was determined using the Cochran formula assuming a proportion (p) of 16.4% of low birth weight. Desired sample size was 210 mothers which was adjusted to 215 participants. Independent variables included: medical equipment and supplies, medical personnel and accessibility of health facility. Dependent variable was LBW which was classified further as very LBW, extremely LBW. The primary focus was first to identify LBW which was then categorized according to the standard classification. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed using logistic regression and NVivo respectively.

Findings: Accessibility to a health facility OR= 0.45, p=0.04, CL [0.21-0.97] was associated with very low birth weight. The mothers (FGDs) indicated that there were challenges at the laboratory; some health workers were not good; and ANC counselling sessions were inadequate. Health workers who were Key Informants (KI) reported inadequacy of resources and suggested campaigns to reach mothers in order to attend ANC early and a provision of a preconception centre at the Hospital.  

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Inaccessibility of a health facility by pregnant mothers is a risk factor for very low birth weight neonates. ANC guidelines to be revised to cater for the concerns of mothers. Preconception centres should be established in hospitals.
Risk Factors of Hemorrhoids in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Rawalpindi: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sadiqa Ayesha , Khan Muhammad Saad Abdullah , Akram Iqra , Rafiq Muhammad Huzaifa Ben , Zaman Ammara , Khan Tayyab Mumtaz , Mumtaz Madeeha , Khan Shahrukh
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Hemorrhoids/Hemorrhoidal disease is one of the commonest diseases in surgical outdoor patient department. Several factors play role in the development of hemorrhoids and subsequently their prevalence. However, these factors are under-researched in Pakistan. This study aims to recognize the risk factors of hemorrhoids among patients in a surgical unit of Holy Family Hospital Rawalpindi. This may lead to a decrease in hemorrhoids incidence and its associated social and economic burden through the prevention of risk factors that would have the main role in the development of hemorrhoids.

Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among one hundred and three diagnosed patients with hemorrhoids for seven months from April 2021 to October 2021 in the surgical outdoor patient department of Holy Family Hospital Rawalpindi. Patient enrollment was made in the study via a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria and a non-probability convenient sampling technique. A self-designed questionnaire was applied for the collection of data. Inform consent was taken before the data collection from all participants. Data analysis was performed via SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences) version 25. Descriptive statistics were applied (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY).

Findings: Hemorrhoids were more prevalent among the patients who had, an age group above 40 years (73.78%), male gender (66.99%), a low education level (56.31%), lower socioeconomic status (62.14%), family history of hemorrhoids (55.34%), constipation (78.64%), longer duration of stay in the toilet for evacuation (58.25%), chronic cough (51.46%), no daily intake of fresh fruits and vegetables (66.99%), daily intake of spicy foods (50.48%), inadequate intake of water (60.19%), sedentary lifestyles (73.78%), and overweight (41.75%). In brief, the age group above 40 years, male gender, low educational level, lower socioeconomic status, family history of hemorrhoids, constipation, longer duration of stay in the toilet for evacuation, chronic cough, no daily consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables, daily intake of spicy foods, inadequate intake of water, sedentary lifestyles, and high body mass index, all promote the risk of development of hemorrhoids.
Challenges of Republic of Kosova in Her Fight Against Corruption
Authors: Curri Fadil
Published: October 2022

Corruption is a major problem, and it does not only affect developing countries. It hinders economic growth, weakens the rule of law and undermines the legitimacy of institutions. Although it has been studied nationally from different perspectives, recently we have seen growing bodies of research on local corruption. As far as we know, these recent studies focused on corruption and its effects on votes. The transformation of values and mentality as an integral part of the transition is slow and comes with certain consequences. The values that were favored in the old system (equality, union, collectivism), should be replaced by universal democratic values (individualism, democracy, human rights and freedoms, entrepreneurship, private property, fair privatization, etc.). This paper treats and analyzes corruption as a negative phenomenon which poses a risk to the development of the state. In this paper I aimed to provide more knowledge about corruption in general and inform about the challenges that Kosovo faces in fighting and preventing corruption. This paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter talks about the concept of corruption and its historical development, definitions of corruption, types of corruption, the forms in which it occurs, the manner of corruption. The second chapter presents an executive summary of corruption in Kosovo. The third chapter deals with the institutions dealing with the fight against corruption in the Republic of Kosovo as well as the legislative basis and Chapter four deals with the risks and damages that corruption does to the economy of Kosovo.
THE OPTIMUM LOCATION OF CONCRETE SHEET PILES UNDER HYDRAULIC STRUCTURE AFFECTED THE SEEPAGE WATER PRESSURE USING ANSYS PROGRAM
Authors: MUHAMMED Manal A. , GUDA Muthik A. , ALGBURI Jaafar B.
Published: October 2022

The problem of water seeping through the earth dams or under concrete structure is regarded one of the main reasons of the structures’ failure. This may be due to the failure in soil layer on which the hydraulic structure is constructed or due to the water pressure resulting from a difference in the level of the upstream and downstream. In previous studies have found that the use of concrete sheet piles under the dams is one of the effective solutions to control the seepage of water under structures, this study considers that control of this problem is by using sheet piles. The 2-D F.E. model ANYSIS Program, has been used to analyze the effect of the optimum location of concrete sheet piles affected on seepage water pressure underneath hydraulic structures, when the stability against seepage water pressure against piping were calculated in different cases. The results showed the water pressure reduce, when the sheet pile downstream is used at 60° and depth 6m.