bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics of geriatric patients with non-specific chronic low back pain
Authors: Sakai Yoshihito , Wakao Norimitsu , Matsui Hiroki , Watanabe Tsuyoshi , Iida Hiroki , Watanabe Ken
Published: January 2022

A comprehensive analysis of clinical information in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) was performed to clarify the clinical characteristics of geriatric LBP from the perspective of body composition, spinal alignment, and blood findings related to senescence. We enrolled 203 patients with an average age of 79.0 years (77 men and 126 women), with non-specific CLBP as a single-center prospective cohort study, the patients were compared with age- and sex-matched controls without CLBP using a propensity score-matching. We performed laboratory analysis, radiographic evaluations for global spinal parameter and lumbar degeneration, and body composition analysis using whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We observed a higher red blood cell distribution width (RDW) (p < 0.001), which is an index of aging, as well as a lower vitamin D level (p = 0.002), skeletal muscle mass index (p = 0.045) and a higher fat mass (p = 0.007) in patients with CLBP. Moreover, patients with geriatric CLBP had significantly lower lumbar lordosis (p = 0.024), and higher sagittal vertical axis (p = 0.006) was correlated with lower extremity and trunk muscle mass (p < 0.001), independent of lumbar degeneration. Geriatric patients with CLBP have sarcopenic fat accumulation and spinal sagittal malalignment with senescent status, such as elevated RDW and hypovitaminosis D.
The cellulose fibers functionalized with star-like zinc oxide nanoparticles with boosted antibacterial performance for hygienic products
Authors: Onyszko M. , Markowska-Szczupak A. , Rakoczy R. , Paszkiewicz O. , Janusz J. , Gorgon-Kuza A. , Wenelska K. , Mijowska E.
Published: January 2022

Bacterial infectious diseases are serious health problem which extends to economic and social complications. Moreover, bacterial antibiotic resistance, lack of suitable vaccine or emergence of new mutations is forcing the development of novel antimicrobial agents. The objective of this study is to synthesize and characterize star-like zinc oxide nanoparticles for the application of antibacterial activities in cellulose based hygiene products. ZnO NPs were in situ synthesized via precipitation method on the surface of cellulose fibers. Since bactericidal activity of nanoparticles in part depends on the concentration in the growth medium, various amount of ZnO was incorporated into cellulose matrix ranging from 1 to 3 wt%. Microscopic (TEM, SEM) and spectroscopic (FT-IR, XRD) methods were utilized to investigate the final products. The infrared absorption spectra analysis supported by theoretical finding that during the reaction, ZnO nanoparticles could be bonded with cellulose fibers via hydrogen bonding. The yield of functionalization was determined through thermogravimetric analysis. Collected data proved the successful functionalization of the cellulose fibers with nanoparticles. Static contact angle measurements were carried out showing absorptive character of as prepared fabrics. All the samples were tested for the antibacterial properties and the results were compared to the samples prepared from the pristine cellulose fibers. Moreover, mechanical tests were performed revealing that the addition of only 2 wt% of the nanofiller boosted tensile, tearing and bursting strength by a factor of 1.6, 1.4 and 2.2 in comparison to unfunctionalized paper sample, respectively. Fabricated fabric presenting high hydrophilicity and antibacterial properties have gained increased applications in fabric industry, including hygiene product industry and hence the result of this study would be a welcomed option.
Author Correction: Novel hybrid method to additively manufacture denser graphite structures using Binder Jetting
Authors: Popov Vladimir , Fleisher Alexander , Muller‑Kamskii Gary , Avraham Shaul , Shishkin Andrei , Katz‑Demyanetz Alexander , Travitzky Nahum , Yacobi Yair , Goel Saurav
Published: January 2022

Firstly, Shaul Avraham and Yair Yacobi were omitted from the author list in the original version of this Article.
Author Correction: Targeted metabolomics identifies high performing diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for COVID-19
Authors: López-Hernández Yamilé , Monárrez-Espino Joel , Oostdam Ana-Sofía Herrera-van , Delgado Julio Enrique Castañeda , Zhang Lun , Zheng Jiamin , Valdez Juan José Oropeza , Mandal Rupasri , González Fátima de Lourdes Ochoa , Moreno Juan Carlos Borrego , Trejo-Medinilla Flor M. , López Jesús Adrián , Moreno José Antonio Enciso , Wishart David S.
Published: January 2022

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Late-stage modification of π-electron systems based on asymmetric oxidation of a medium-sized sulfur-containing ring
Authors: Hayakawa Masahiro , Horike Satoshi , Hijikata Yuh , Yasui Kosuke , Yamaguchi Shigehiro , Fukazawa Aiko
Published: January 2022

The asymmetric oxidation of a sulfur-containing nine-membered heterocycle was achieved for the late-stage introduction of chirality to the substituents of π-electron systems.
Planar pentacoordinate carbon in a sulphur-surrounded boron wheel: the global minimum of CB5S5+
Authors: Sun Rui , Jin Bo , Huo Bin , Yuan Caixia , Zhai Hua-Jin , Wu Yan-Bo
Published: January 2022

The aromatic CB5S5+ cluster is the first global energy minimum containing an exotic planar hypercoordinate carbon inside a boron wheel.
Substituting steel for a polymer in a jar for ball milling does matter
Authors: Losev Evgeniy , Arkhipov Sergey , Kolybalov Dmitry , Mineev Alexey , Ogienko Andrey , Boldyreva Elena , Boldyrev Vladimir
Published: January 2022

We show that the rate of a mechanochemical transformation can vary significantly depending on the material of the jars (steel, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polylactic acid, or polyethylene terephthalate glycol), other conditions being the same.
Brownian dynamics of cylindrical capsule-like particles in a nanopore in an electrically biased solid-state membrane
Authors: Wells Craig C. , Melnikov Dmitriy V. , Gracheva Maria E.
Published: January 2022

Charged particles traversing an electrically biased nanopore tend to rotate the least where a larger net charge or particle length results in a smaller range of rotational movement and strongly affects the particle's translocation time.
Quantum mechanical, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, ADMET and antiproliferative activity onTrypanosoma cruzi(Y strain) of chalcone (E)-1-(2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one derived from a natural product
Authors: Geysillene Castro Matos Maria , da Silva Leonardo Paes , Wagner Queiroz Almeida-Neto Francisco , Machado Marinho Emanuelle , Róseo Paula Pessoa Bezerra de Menezes Ramon , Lima Sampaio Tiago , Nunes da Rocha Matheus , Rodrigues Ribeiro Lyanna , Paula magalhaes Emanuel , Rodrigues Teixeira Alexandre Magno , dos Santos Hélcio Silva , Marinho Emmanuel Silva , de Lima-Neto Pedro , Costa Martins Alice Maria , Monteiro Norberto K. V. , Machado Marinho Márcia
Published: January 2022

Chagas disease is a leading public health problem.
Effect of the co-adsorption of small molecules from air on the properties of penta-graphene and their proton transfer calculation
Authors: Jin Kaixuan , Lu Kun , Liu Xiaojie
Published: January 2022

Oxidized penta-graphene is complicated and variable due to the co-adsorption of molecules and proton transfer.
La@[La5&B30]0/−/2−: endohedral trihedral metallo-borospherenes with spherical aromaticity
Authors: Ao Mei-Zhen , Lu Xiao-Qin , Mu Yue-Wen , Zan Wen-Yan , Li Si-Dian
Published: January 2022

Extensive first-principles theory calculations predict the perfect endohedral metallo-borosphereneD3hLa@[La5&B30] (1) and its monoanionCsLa@[La5&B30]−(2) and dianionD3hLa@[La5&B30]2−(3) which appear to be spherically aromatic in nature.
Efficiently increasing low-field magnetic entropy by incorporating SO32− into Gd22Ni21 clusters
Authors: Li Ning-Fang , Han Ye-Min , Li Jia-Nian , Chen Qiaoling , Xu Yan
Published: January 2022

The SO32−-templated 3d–4f cluster Gd22Ni21 was synthesized, and has provided insight into the assembly of giant metal clusters. Of 3d–4f clusters reported to date, Gd22Ni21 exhibited the largest low-field magnetic entropy change value of 26.1 J kg−1 K−1 at 2 K and ΔH = 2 T.
Three Si-substituted polyoxovanadates as efficient catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation and selective oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde
Authors: Shi Yu , Zhou Tong , Di Jia-Qi , Wang Wenhui , Ma Li , Zhang Heng , Gao Yuanzhe
Published: January 2022

Three Si-substituted POVs were constructed, and the catalytic performance of 1–3 for Knoevenagel condensation and selective oxidation of styrenes to benzaldehyde under mild ambient conditions have been investigated.
Deep-blue emitting cerium(iii) complexes with tris(pyrazolyl)borate and triflate ligands
Authors: Yan Wenchao , Cai Zelun , Qi Hao , Guo Ruoyao , Liu Zhiwei , Bian Zuqiang
Published: January 2022

We synthesized dinuclear Ce-1Me-OTf and mononuclear Ce-2Me-OTf based on TpMe and TpMe2 ligands, respectively. Ce-1Me-OTf and Ce-2Me-OTf demonstrate near-unity PLQYs in powder with CIE coordinates of (0.15, 0.06) and (0.15, 0.12), respectively.
Interfacially coupled thin sheet-like NiO/NiMoO4 nanocomposites synthesized by a simple reflux method for excellent electrochemical performance
Authors: Keshari Achal Singh , Dubey Prashant
Published: January 2022

One-pot simple and cost-effective reflux synthesis of a hierarchical sheet-like NiO/NiMoO4 nanocomposite exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and promissing applicability as a positive electrode material in the assembled device.
One-step solvent-free aerobic oxidation of aliphatic alcohols to esters using a tandem Sc–Ru⊂MOF catalyst
Authors: Feng Tingkai , Zhang Songwei , Li Conger , Li Tao
Published: January 2022

A multicomponent metal–organic framework-based catalyst has been developed for direct alcohol to ester conversion under solvent-free conditions.
A fast, non-iterative ray-intersection approach for three-dimensional microscale particle tracking
Authors: Hong Liu , Chamorro Leonardo P.
Published: January 2022

We propose a non-iterative, fast, robust ray tracing method with a post-capture microlens array sensor to reconstruct sparse particle concentration.
Gold-based immunochromatographic strip assay for detecting dimethomorph in vegetables
Authors: Xiang Tongyue , Xu Xinxin , Xu Liguang , Liu Liqiang , Xu Chuanlai , Kuang Hua
Published: January 2022

Gold-based immunochromatographic strip assay for detecting dimethomorph in vegetables.
Is it possible to predict the stability of a crystal structure under the influence of pressure? Quantum chemical study of ibuprofen crystals
Authors: Vaksler Yevhenii A. , Idrissi Abdenacer , Shishkina Svitlana V.
Published: January 2022

Quantum chemical modeling was used to analyze the crystalline structure of ibuprofen under atmospheric pressure to determine the structural features, providing its stability under pressure.
An efficient CuO/rGO/TiO2photocatalyst for the synthesis of benzopyranopyrimidine compounds under visible light irradiation
Authors: Mirza-Aghayan Maryam , Saeedi Mandana , Boukherroub Rabah
Published: January 2022

This study reports the synthesis of CuO/rGO/TiO2in coupling reaction under visible light irradiation. Its photocatalytic performance was explored in a pseudo 4-component and a domino reaction for the synthesis of benzopyranopyrimidine compounds. It can be recovered and recycled for 5 runs.
Enhanced electrocatalytic activity of FeNi alloy quantum dot-decorated cobalt carbonate hydroxide nanosword arrays for effective overall water splitting
Authors: Zhao Meiru , Du Jia , Lei Hao , Pei Lingwei , Gong Zhangquan , Wang Xing , Bao Haifeng
Published: January 2022

A novel FeNi/CoCH/Ni foam nanosword array is successfully constructed as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting in alkaline media.
Structural and morphological changes of breast cancer cells induced by iron(ii) complexes
Authors: Nel Janske , Siniscalco David , Hognon Cécilia , Bouché Mathilde , Touche Nadége , Brunner Émilie , Gros Philippe C. , Monari Antonio , Grandemange Stéphanie , Francius Grégory
Published: January 2022

Iron(ii)-based complexes were able to penetrate into the cytoplasm without disrupting the cell membrane. The complexes induced size, morphological, stiffness and cytoarchitectural changes in both triple negative breast cancer and normal cells.
The role of hydrodynamic interactions on the aggregation kinetics of sedimenting colloidal particles
Authors: Turetta Lorenzo , Lattuada Marco
Published: January 2022

Aggregation of sedimenting colloidal particles at different particle volume fractions and Péclet numbers.
Selective conversion of acetone to mesitylene over tantalum phosphate catalysts
Authors: Wu Zhiyi , Zhang Jian , Su Zerui , Lu Shiyao , Huang Jianbin , Liang Yehao , Tan Tianwei , Xiao Feng-Shou
Published: January 2022

A tantalum phosphate (TaPO-1) catalyst with abundant strong acid sites is very active for the catalytic conversion of acetone into mesitylene.
Molecular surface modification of silver chalcogenolate clusters
Authors: Hu Lei , Sheng Ming-Ming , Qin Shun-Shun , Shi Hua-Tian , Strømme Maria , Zhang Qian-Feng , Xu Chao
Published: January 2022

Silver chalcogenolate clusters protected by pyridine groups have high structural stability and high luminescence stability in humid air and water.
The interplay of helminthic neuropeptides and proteases in parasite survival and host immunomodulation
Authors: Kaur Rimanpreet , Arora Naina , Nair Meera G. , Prasad Amit
Published: January 2022

Neuropeptides comprise a diverse and broad group of neurotransmitters in vertebrates and invertebrates, with critical roles in neuronal signal transduction. While their role in controlling learning and memory in the brains of mammals is known, their extra-synaptic function in infection and inflammation with effects on distinct tissues and immune cells is increasingly recognized. Helminth infections especially of the central nervous system (CNS), such as neurocysticercosis, induce neuropeptide production by both host and helminth, but their role in host–parasite interplay or host inflammatory response is unclear. Here, we review the neurobiology of helminths, and discuss recent studies on neuropeptide synthesis and function in the helminth as well as the host CNS and immune system. Neuropeptides are summarized according to structure and function, and we discuss the complex enzyme processing for mature neuropeptides, focusing on helminth enzymes as potential targets for novel anthelminthics. We next describe known immunomodulatory effects of mammalian neuropeptides discovered from mouse infection models and draw functional parallels with helminth neuropeptides. Last, we discuss the anti-microbial properties of neuropeptides, and how they may be involved in host–microbiota changes in helminth infection. Overall, a better understanding of the biology of helminth neuropeptides, and whether they affect infection outcomes could provide diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities for helminth infections.
Three-dimensional insights into human enveloped viruses in vitro and in situ
Authors: Vankadari Naveen , Shepherd Doulin C. , Carter Stephen D. , Ghosal Debnath
Published: January 2022

Viruses can be enveloped or non-enveloped, and require a host cell to replicate and package their genomes into new virions to infect new cells. To accomplish this task, viruses hijack the host-cell machinery to facilitate their replication by subverting and manipulating normal host cell function. Enveloped viruses can have severe consequences for human health, causing various diseases such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), seasonal influenza, COVID-19, and Ebola virus disease. The complex arrangement and pleomorphic architecture of many enveloped viruses pose a challenge for the more widely used structural biology techniques, such as X-ray crystallography. Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET), however, is a particularly well-suited tool for overcoming the limitations associated with visualizing the irregular shapes and morphology enveloped viruses possess at macromolecular resolution. The purpose of this review is to explore the latest structural insights that cryo-ET has revealed about enveloped viruses, with particular attention given to their architectures, mechanisms of entry, replication, assembly, maturation and egress during infection. Cryo-ET is unique in its ability to visualize cellular landscapes at 3–5 nanometer resolution. Therefore, it is the most suited technique to study asymmetric elements and structural rearrangements of enveloped viruses during infection in their native cellular context.
Big data and artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies for computer-aided drug design (CADD)
Authors: Lee Jai Woo , Maria-Solano Miguel A. , Vu Thi Ngoc Lan , Yoon Sanghee , Choi Sun
Published: January 2022

There have been numerous advances in the development of computational and statistical methods and applications of big data and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for computer-aided drug design (CADD). Drug design is a costly and laborious process considering the biological complexity of diseases. To effectively and efficiently design and develop a new drug, CADD can be used to apply cutting-edge techniques to various limitations in the drug design field. Data pre-processing approaches, which clean the raw data for consistent and reproducible applications of big data and AI methods are introduced. We include the current status of the applicability of big data and AI methods to drug design areas such as the identification of binding sites in target proteins, structure-based virtual screening (SBVS), and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) property prediction. Data pre-processing and applications of big data and AI methods enable the accurate and comprehensive analysis of massive biomedical data and the development of predictive models in the field of drug design. Understanding and analyzing biological, chemical, or pharmaceutical architectures of biomedical entities related to drug design will provide beneficial information in the biomedical big data era.
FCNet: A feature context network based on ensemble framework for image retrieval
Authors: Li Siyang , Guo Yu , Ren Hao , Wang Ziyi , Ren Keyan , Liu Chunsheng , Lin Hua , Shi Jianbo
Published: January 2022

In order to train an end‐to‐end model for better performance in distinguishing superclasses and make the model more sensitive to inter‐class differences, the authors propose a Feature Context Network (FCNet), a novel ensemble framework for image retrieval based on clustering (EFC) and metric learning. In the authors' approach, the EFC framework consists of one common feature extractor and multiple learning branches. This tree‐like structure not only promotes the stability of the training process but also keeps the diversity by using multiple branches. Each branch is learnt by an independent random re‐labelling operation that distributes original classes into superclasses. In such a way, the framework thus can accelerate the training process. To make the EFC framework focus on the different attributes across the classes, the authors utilize k‐means clustering to divide the training set into subsets and train the model sequentially with those subsets. Meanwhile, to reduce the impact of over‐fitting problems, the authors design a branch weight structure during training. Further, FCNet fusions different scales of the neighbourhood information and consequently makes the feature map learn richer information with the different receptive fields. Simultaneously, it can reduce the layer of the network and the number of model parameters. Extensive experiments demonstrate that this approach outperforms the tested representative methods on CARS‐196, CUB‐200‐2011 datasets.
Distributed control strategy for transactive energy prosumers in real‐time markets
Authors: Yin Chen , Ding Ran , Xu Haixiang , Li Gengyin , Chen Xiupeng , Zhou Ming
Published: January 2022

The increasing penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) has led to increasing research interest in the cooperative control of multi‐prosumers in a transactive energy (TE) paradigm. While the existing literature shows that TE offers significant grid flexibility and economic benefits, few studies have addressed the incorporation of security constraints in TE. Herein, a market‐based control mechanism in real‐time markets is proposed to economically coordinate the TE among prosumers while ensuring secure system operation. Considering the dynamic characteristics of batteries and responsive demands, a model predictive control (MPC) method is used to handle the constraints between different time intervals and incorporate the following generation and consumption predictions. Owing to the computational burden and individual privacy issues, an efficient distributed algorithm is developed to solve the optimal power flow problem. The strong coupling between prosumers through power networks is removed by introducing auxiliary variables to acquire locational marginal prices (LMPs) covering energy, congestion, and loss components. Case studies based on the IEEE 33‐bus system demonstrated the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method and model.
Robust optimal transmission switching for wind farm‐integrated power systems from a perspective of steady‐state security region
Authors: Liu Yumeng , Wang Tao , Gu Xueping
Published: January 2022

Optimal transmission switching (OTS) is a new method in improving operational security and economy of power systems. However, with continuous improvement in wind power penetration level, how to rationally describe the uncertainty of wind power play an important role in determining robustness of the OTS model. Against this issue, a system robust domain (SRD) developed by steady‐state security region is proposed to model the uncertainties of wind power outputs in OTS. This modelling method focuses on the robust domain of system rather than the robust intervals of variables in conventional robust optimisation, thus overcomes the high dependence of conventional robust optimisation on accurate estimation of each uncertainty intervals. SRD‐OTS is formulated and a decomposition algorithm is employed to obtain the optimal solution. The obtained optimal solution can maintain the operational security in the worst case of wind power outputs and minimize operational cost with the forecasted wind power outputs. In addition, robustness of the proposed SRD‐OTS can be adjusted by an uncertain budget. The numerical results on the IEEE test system verify effectiveness of the proposed SRD‐OTS and show that the optimal solution is still robust with a relative lower accuracy of wind power prediction.
Excitation of Langmuir waves at shocks and solar type II radio bursts
Authors: Mann G. , Vocks C. , Warmuth A. , Magdalenic J. , Bisi M. , Carley E. , Dabrowski B. , Gallagher P. , Krankowski A. , Matyjasiak B. , Rotkaehl H. , Zucca P.
Published: January 2022

Context.In the solar corona, shocks can be generated due to the pressure pulse of a flare and/or driven by a rising coronal mass ejection (CME). Coronal shock waves can be observed as solar type II radio bursts in the Sun’s radio radiation. In dynamic radio spectra, they appear as stripes of an enhanced radio emission slowly drifting from high to low frequencies. The radio emission is thought to be plasma emission, that is to say the emission happens near the electron plasma frequency and/or its harmonics. Plasma emission means that energetic electrons excite Langmuir waves, which convert into radio waves via non-linear plasma processes. Thus, energetic electrons are necessary for plasma emission. In the case of type II radio bursts, the energetic electrons are considered to be shock accelerated.

Aims.Shock drift acceleration (SDA) is regarded as the mechanism for producing energetic electrons in the foreshock region. SDA delivers a shifted loss-cone velocity distribution function (VDF) for the energetic electrons. The aim of the paper is to study in which way and under which conditions a shifted loss-cone VDF of electrons excites Langmuir waves in an efficient way in the corona.

Methods.By means of the results of SDA, the shape of the resulted VDF was derived. It is a shifted loss-cone VDF showing both a loss-cone and a beam-like component. The growth rates for exciting Langmuir waves were calculated in the framework of Maxwell-Vlasov equations. The results are discussed by employing plasma and shock parameters usually found in the corona at the 25 MHz level.

Results.We have found that moderate coronal shocks with an Alfven-Mach number in the range 1.59 < MA < 2.53 are able to accelerate electrons up to energies sufficient enough to excite Langmur waves, which convert into radio waves seen as solar type II radio bursts.
Spectroscopy of the massive interacting binary UU Cassiopeiae
Authors: Hadrava P. , Cabezas M. , Djurašević G. , Garcés J. , Gorda S. Y. , Jurkovic M. I. , Korčáková D. , Markov H. , Mennickent R. E. , Petrović J. , Vince I. , Zharikov S.
Published: January 2022

Context.The eclipsing close binary UU Cas is an interacting massive double-periodic system with a gainer star partly hidden in an accretion disk.

Aims.In order to study the physics of the accretion process in greater detail, along with the structure and dynamics of the circumstellar matter in the system, we supplement our previous results obtained from photometry with an analysis of the spectra of UU Cas.

Methods.We collected all available spectra used in previous publications on UU Cas and we acquired new ones. The method of disentangling was applied to this set of spectra spanning the years 2008–2021. The orbital parameters were disentangled and a fit of the separated component spectra by synthetic ones has been used to determine the physical parameters of the component stars. We compared the results to models of the evolution of interacting binaries.

Results.We found that in addition to the dominant role of the donor star and a weak contribution of the gainer, the line profiles are strongly influenced by the circumstellar matter. The absorption lines reveal a presence of a disk wind emanating above the orbital plane. The variability of Hαemission yields evidence of changes in the structure of the circumstellar matter on a timescale of several orbital periods.
Diverse space weathering effects on asteroid surfaces as inferred via laser irradiation of meteorites
Authors: Zhang P. , Tai K. , Li Y. , Zhang J. , Lantz C. , Hiroi T. , Matsuoka M. , Li S. , Lin Y. , Wen Y. , Han H. , Zeng X.
Published: January 2022

Context. Space weathering (SW) is crucial to improve the understanding of the evolution of optical characteristics on airless bodies. The classical view based on research of the Moon suggests that SW decreases albedo (darkening) and steepens spectral slope (reddening) in visible to near-infrared (VIS-NIR) wavelengths, producing nanophase iron (npFe0). However, this conclusion is not perfectly applicable to asteroids.

Aims. In this study, we focus on investigating the space weathering spectral alteration effects (SWSAE) and the causes of spectral alteration on various types of asteroids after long-term continuous micrometeoroid bombardments.

Methods. We used a pulsed laser to irradiate eight meteorites at the same energy, namely, of 28 mJ, in ten shots, including ordinary chondrites (OCs), aubrite (Aub), enstatite chondrites (ECs), CO, CV, and CM carbonaceous chondrites. Then we measured and compared the virgin and irradiated VIS-NIR reflectance spectra of these meteorites. We further surveyed the causes of spectral alteration through a scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope.

Results. Three different SWSAE are shown: (1) darkening and reddening on OCs, Aub, CO, and CV chondrites; (2) brightening and reddening on ECs; (3) brightening and bluing on CM chondrite. After irradiation, npFe0 and nanophase iron-nickel particles were respectively found in CV and CO chondrites; thick amorphous layers without any nanophase particles were found in Aub; melting and sputtering of metal were observed in ECs; a great deal of vesicles or bubbles without any nanophase particles were found in CM chondrite.

Conclusions. The long-term SW via micrometeoroid bombardments can spectrally remodel asteroid surfaces in different ways: darken and redden anhydrous silicate asteroids (e.g., S-, E-, and K-types); brighten and redden metal-rich M-type objects. The SWSAE of volatiles-rich carbonaceous asteroids (e.g., Ch-, Cgh-, and D-types) is related to SW degree: darkening and bluing at low degree then brightening and continue bluing as the SW degree increases. The various spectral units on Ryugu, Bennu, and Phobos can be created by the heterogeneity of the degree of SW.
Constraining the cosmic-ray ionization rate and spectrum with NIR spectroscopy of dense clouds
Authors: Bialy Shmuel , Belli Sirio , Padovani Marco
Published: January 2022

Context.Low-energy cosmic rays (CRs) control the thermo-chemical state and the coupling between gas and magnetic fields in dense molecular clouds. However, current estimates of the low-energy CR spectrum (E ≲ 1 GeV) and the associated CR ionization rate are highly uncertain.

Aims.We apply, for the first time, a new method for constraining the CR ionization rate and the CR spectral shape using H2rovibrational lines from cold molecular clouds.

Methods.Using the MMIRS instrument on the MMT, we obtained deep near-infrared (NIR) spectra in six positions within four dense cores, namely, G150, G157, G163, G198, with column densities ofNH2 ≈ 1022cm−2.

Results.We derived 3σupper limits on the H2(1 − 0)S(0) line (2.22 μm) brightness in the rangeI = 5.9 × 10−8to 1.2 × 10−7erg cm−2s−1sr−1for the different targets. Using both an analytic model and a numerical model of CR propagation, we convert these into upper limits on the CR ionization rate in the clouds’ interior,ζ = 1.5 to 3.6 × 10−16s−1, and lower limits on the low-energy spectral slope of interstellar CR protons,α = −0.97 to −0.79. We show that while MMT was unable to detect the H2lines due to high atmospheric noise, JWST/NIRSpec will be able to efficiently detect the CR-excited H2lines, making it the ideal method for constraining the otherwise elusive low-energy CRs and shedding light on the sources and propagation modes of CRs.
Mineralogy, geochemistry, and genesis of glauconite mineral from paleotsunami deposit in Lebak, Banten, Indonesia
Authors: Abi Tiyana Rasis , Supriyanto  , Rani Puji Astuti Tri , Abdul Jabbar Gamma , Rizqy Septyandy Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Bagedur coast in Lebak regency, Banten province, Indonesia is part of lowland-swampy swale area that consist of various sediment deposit. Based on its sediment characteristics and geomorphology profile, Bagedur coast is assumed as depositional environment of paleotsunami deposit. Hand Auger drilling method is used to collecting loose sediment sample from eight observation stations. The depth of hand drilling in BG 01 station to BG 08 station is consecutively as follows: 115 cm, 100 cm, 80 cm, 700 cm, 400 cm, 450 cm, 160 cm, and 143 cm. This research is carried out to understand the diagenetic process of glauconite mineral in presumption paleotsunami deposit. The diagenetic process of glauconite mineral is identified based on its mineralogical and geochemical characteristics by petrography and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) methods. Observation samples is taken from green sand sediment bed in hand drilling core. Petrographic analysis under polarized microscope shows various glauconite mineral which recognized as matrix, oval pellets, replacement of precursor mineral, and bioclastic shell infillings. XRF analysis result show that glauconite in observation site are classified as glauconitic-illite type. The diagenetic stage is interpreted as early stage of diagenetic (nascent) which characterized by low Fe2O3 and K2O content relative to Al2O3 content.
Understanding of flow liquefaction phenomena in Palu City from shear wave velocity profiles
Authors: Tohari Adrin , Muttaqien Imamal , Wasilatus Syifa Resi
Published: January 2022

On 28 September 2018, a strong earthquake (Mw 7.5) struck Donggala Regency triggering flow liquefaction (locally termedNalodo) phenomena in two residential areas in Palu City. Mitigating such an earthquake collateral hazard requires understanding the geological condition controlling such liquefaction. This paper presents a geophysical study to clarify the geological condition controlling theNalodophenomena in Palu City. The objectives of this study were to estimate shear wave velocity (Vs) profiles in theNalodoand non-Nalodosites and evaluate liquefaction potential based on the shear wave velocity profiles. The study involved a series of array microtremor surveys in twoNalodosites and three non-Nalodosites in Palu City. The results show thatVsgenerally increases with depth but varies from one site to another. Based on theVsprofiles, a thick soil layer withVsof less than 175 m/s is present from the ground surface in the Balaroa and Petobo sites. Contrary, this soil layer is detected at a deeper depth in the non-Nalodosites. Based on the liquefaction potential analysis, the near-surface soil layers in the Balaroa and Petobo sites are clearly liquefiable for all the PGA values used in this study. Although deeper soil layers can also be liquefied, no liquefaction occurred in non-Nalodosites because a thick medium soil layer exists near the surface. Thus, a thick soil layer withVsof less than 175 m/s near the ground surface controls theNalodophenomena in Palu City. Further studies to clarify other factors controlling flow liquefaction are recommended.
Earthquake vulnerability assessment of the 6.5 Mw Pidie Jaya earthquake: Analytical-based fragility curves
Authors: Ulza Adrian , Idris Yunita
Published: January 2022

Nearly all residential houses were damaged due to 6.5 Mw earthquake in Pidie Jaya, 2016. The state of damage can be slight, moderate, and even can be extensive which lead to the collapsing. The confined masonry structure, which commonly found in Aceh, especially for housing construction, were seemingly prone to the extensive earthquake excitation. In this paper, analytical-based fragility curves are employed to the typical house structure. To account various uncertainty, 32 ground motion records are considered in the analysis. Based on the results, the fragility curve could render different interpretation if different definition of damage intensities is used.
Validating a low-cost seismometer using a shaking table
Authors: Setiawan Bambang , Rizal Mumammad , Yunita Halida , Saidi Taufiq , Hasan Muttaqin , Zulkifli Zulkifli
Published: January 2022

Ambient vibration measurement using a seismometer represent a non-invasive and non-destructive method for seismic-related studies. This method inhibits widespread applications, i.e., assessing site fundamental frequency, estimating bedrock level, calculating building natural frequency, deducing shear wave velocity profile. However, the instrument required to carry out such ambient vibration measurement is generally expensive. Recently, there is a low-cost Raspberry Shake 3D seismometer (RS-3D) available on the market. This seismometer is based on Raspberry Pi hardware. It contains three 4.5 Hz orthogonally oriented geophones, which can be set at a sampling rate of 100 Hz and a bandwidth of -3dB points at 0.6 to 34 Hz. Thus, laboratory testing was carried out to assess this device’s performance in this demanding application. Generally, RS-3D demonstrates a great performance. Further detailed results are presented in this paper.
Design and testing booking application for private doctors’ practices to support disaster management
Authors: Husna Yunardi Dalila , Dawood Rahmad , Fitria Maya , Deviani Rini
Published: January 2022

During the pandemic or natural disaster, people will be dispersed and locked down in their own homes or crisis centres. During these times, people are still in need of access to healthcare. While general healthcare would be provided by the government during these times, certain people within the population will need access to specialised doctors, especially children, the elderly and people who have prior or long-term diseases. During a disaster, people may not have access to these services. Therefore, a simple technology that lets them book an appointment with these specialised doctors will be designed in this research. This booking application, will be able to back up the general healthcare when it is overwhelmed, especially during a disaster. This research was carried out using qualitative research. The data collection was conducted using interview and observation. These primary data are then coded according to the general themes. The data is then used to create a usable design for the booking application prototype, using User-Centred Design as its method. After the prototype was created successfully, it was then tested for its usability with its potential users. 6 people from 3 user groups agreed to be respondents for the usability testing. Using think aloud protocols, it was found that on average 4 out of 6 people found the prototype usable and suitable for their jobs.
Conceptual framework of computer application for promoting tsunami evacuation route
Authors: Fisaini Juliana , Idris Yunita , Nisa Nazriatun
Published: January 2022

Disaster resilient is one of development priority in Indonesia. Programs related disaster risk reduction have been considered as important agenda by government and community, especially in cities that hit by earthquake and tsunami. Serious games have been used in many fields, including disaster management. This paper aims to introduce the conceptual framework of a computer application for promoting tsunami evacuation route in Baitussalam, Aceh Besar, Indonesia. The computer application is built based on serious games concept. Activity Theory-based Model of Serious Games (ATMSG), which consist of the gaming activity, the learning activity and the instructional activity in designing process, employed as the methodology to build the framework. The result present ini Serious Game diagram which explain the activities in the game. The activities deliver through scenarios which categorized based on land used and activities of the local community.
Salt attack and rising damp on house buildings at the tsunami-affected areas
Authors: Meilianda Ella , Alfian Dedy , Idris Yunita
Published: January 2022

Post tsunami 26 December 2004, rising damp and salt attack are two underestimated phenomena emerging on building construction on the tsunami-affected areas in Banda Aceh city, Aceh Province of Indonesia. The severity of building quality deterioration, particularly on the typical masonry walls, has never been observed by local inhabitants to have been escalated before the tsunami event. Such phenomena persistently present even after approaching the second decade of the post-tsunami event. The present study is the first attempt to explore the evidence of rising damp and salt attacks of the houses around the Banda Aceh city. Forty-five houses were purposively sampled based on their visual appearances being affected by the salt attack and rising damp, the heights of the rising damp, and also groundwater salinity in the vicinity of the sampled houses. The results show that the rising damp heights on the walls are relatively high in any location within the tsunami inundation boundary 500 m from the shoreline. However, a turning point where rising damp height reduced remarkably to less than 1 meter was identified as the distance of houses increased beyond 500 m from the shoreline. Overall, the high level of water salinity brought by tsunami inundation during the early post-tsunami has been an important controlling factor contributing to the salt attack and rising damp, regardless of the houses’ distance to the shoreline, but may have been indirectly influenced those phenomena in the long run.
The fading of disaster memory in Pulau Sebesi: A historical construction
Authors: Riskianingrum Devi , Yogaswara Herry
Published: January 2022

The island has been impacted by volcanic eruptions which led to tsunami in a different scale, where in 1883 claimed 36000 lives, subsequently in 2018 took one victim. Some island communities succeed in pertaining memory of tsunami through oral tradition, namely Simeulue, differently Sebesi communities fail to maintain its memory on tsunami. The gap of 138 years seems to bury the memory of tsunami in Sebesi island. This paper aims to explore why the Sebesi communities fail to maintain the disaster memory. To build an understanding the way in which the Sebesi forgetting their past disaster, this paper uses longue durée approach, oral history framework and archival studies to analyses the structures—both environmental structures and socio-politic and cultural structures—that play roles in the disappearance of disaster memory. The study revealed that none of survivor during its catastrophic tsunami in 1883 and repopulation of this island occurred only after 1940s. This resulted to the formation of community without disaster memory. Only after the 2018 tsunami, the community of Sebesi Island began to aware that there are hazards among their environments. Uncovering the fading of disaster memory in Pulau Sebesi elucidates lessons to pursue resilient development trajectory on the island.
Community’s knowledge, attitude, and misperception towards COVID-19: a future demand to prevent advanced wave of pandemic
Authors: MauliIna Novi , Fajri Nova , Indah Rosaria , Adella Shylvana
Published: January 2022

Coronavirus disease 19 is currently a global health threat. Viral spread prevention is essential as a feasible intervention strategy. The aim of this study was to determine the level of community knowledge, attitude, and perception towards Covid-19 in Aceh province. An electronic questionnaire was shared with 1,058 participants in the Covid-19 seminars organized by IMANI-PROKAMI Aceh Chapter (Islamic Medical Association and Network of Indonesia - Perhimpunan Profesi Kesehatan Muslim Indonesia), which were held between August 30th to Sept 20th, 2020. The questionnaire collected demographic data as well as data related to knowledge, perception, and attitude towards Covid-19 prevention. There were 1,058 survey participants, 841 (79.5%) of them were women, 366 (34.6%) were between 26 and 35 of age, 705 (66.6%) had a college degree and 540 (51.0%) were government employees. Most of participants had good knowledge and attitude about Covid-19 and its prevention. However, 44.1% of participants believed that the virus was created in research laboratories, as a result of conspiration (35.4%), and related to political issues (20%). They doubted the accuracy of Covid-19 diagnostic test (52.5%) and effectiveness of vaccines (28.2%). The results show multiple cases of misinformation around Covid19. Therefore, stakeholders need to counteract the community misperception towards disease by a transparent and strategic collaboration between society, government, and media, to increase positive perception, attitude, and practice of the community toward Covid19’s prevention.
Implementierung von pflegetherapeutischen Gruppen
Authors: Herbinger Sandra , Rentsch Halina , Koch Cathleen
Published: January 2022

Um pflegetherapeutische Gruppen zu implementieren, zu überprüfen und zu standardisieren, wurde im Zentrum für Seelische Gesundheit am Klinikum Stuttgart in einem Pilotprojekt ein wissenschaftlich fundiertes Konzept entwickelt. Es dient Pflegenden als Leitfaden und stellt die Kontinuität und Qualität der Gruppen sicher.
Recent Advances in Construction of C(sp2)–O Bonds via Aryne Participated Multicomponent Coupling Reactions
Authors: Tan Jiajing , Zhang Ruirui , Peng Xia
Published: January 2022

Aryne chemistry is a powerful synthetic technique that forms new bonds to aromatic rings. The recent resurgence of aryne-based multicomponent coupling strategies has led to an influx of methodologies for the mild synthesis of arene derivatives. In particular, these innovative discoveries broaden and streamline approaches toward phenol ether motifs, which are a prevalent structural component across a broad range of chemistry related research fields. Herein, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in the construction of C(sp2)–O bonds via aryne-induced multicomponent reactions. Special attention has been paid to reaction design and mechanistic pathways.

1 Introduction

2 Insertion-Based MCRs

3 Nucleophilic-Addition-Based MCRs

4 Cycloaddition-Based MCRs

5 Summary
TeleNeuroICU: Expanding the Reach of Subspecialty Neurocritical Care
Authors: Freeman W. David , Rogers Ashley , Rabinstein Alejandro
Published: January 2022

Telemedicine is a rapidly growing field of medicine due to a combination of high-speed global telecommunication systems and accessibility of small, fast mobile computing platforms with bidirectional audiovisual camera capabilities. Teleneurology is a subset of telemedicine. TeleNeuroICU, one form of teleneurology, is the practice of virtually consulting on patients in the ICU setting with neurological and neurosurgical conditions. Given the current and future shortage of neurologists and neurointensivists, there is a high demand for TeleNeuroICU services around the globe and this is expected to increase in the future. This review summarizes the state of the art around the TeleNeuroICU practice for practitioners in the field, emerging research in this area, and new technologies and integrations that enhance the value of TeleNeuroICU to health care systems.
Neural ODE to model and prognose thermoacoustic instability
Authors: Dhadphale Jayesh M. , Unni Vishnu R. , Saha Abhishek , Sujith R. I.
Published: January 2022

Thermoacoustic instability in a reacting flow field is characterized by high amplitude pressure fluctuations driven by a positive coupling between the unsteady heat release rate and the acoustic field of the combustor. In a turbulent flow, the transition of a thermoacoustic system from a state of chaos to periodic oscillations occurs via a state of intermittency. During the transition to periodic oscillations, the unsteady heat release rate synchronizes with the acoustic pressure fluctuations. Thermoacoustic systems are traditionally modeled by coupling the model for the heat source and the acoustic subsystem, each estimated independently. The response of the unsteady heat source, i.e., the flame, to acoustic fluctuations is characterized by introducing unsteady external forcing. The forced response of the flame need not be the same in the presence of an acoustic field due to their nonlinear coupling. Instead of characterizing individual subsystems, we introduce a neural ordinary differential equation (neural ODE) framework to model the thermoacoustic system as a whole. The neural ODE model for the thermoacoustic system uses time series of the heat release rate and the pressure fluctuations, measured simultaneously without introducing any external perturbations, to model their coupled interaction. Furthermore, we use the parameters of neural ODE to define an anomaly measure that represents the proximity of system dynamics to limit cycle oscillations and thus provide an early warning signal for the onset of thermoacoustic instability.
A new autonomous memristive megastable oscillator and its Hamiltonian-energy-dependent megastability
Authors: Li Ronghao , Dong Enzeng , Tong Jigang , Du Shengzhi
Published: January 2022

Multistability is a special issue in nonlinear dynamics. In this paper, a three-dimensional autonomous memristive chaotic system is presented, with interesting multiple coexisting attractors in a nested structure observed, which indicates the megastability. Furthermore, the extreme event is investigated by local riddled basins. Based on Helmholtz’s theorem, the average Hamiltonian energy with respect to initial-dependent dynamics is calculated and the energy transition explains the occurrence mechanisms of the megastability and the extreme event. Finally, by configuring initial conditions, multiple coexisting megastable attractors are captured in PSIM simulations and FPGA circuits, which validate the numerical results.