bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Loss of BICD2 in muscle drives motor neuron loss in a developmental form of spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Rossor Alexander M. , Sleigh James N. , Groves Michael , Muntoni Francesco , Reilly Mary M. , Hoogenraad Casper C. , Schiavo Giampietro
Published: March 2020

Autosomal dominant missense mutations in BICD2 cause Spinal Muscular Atrophy Lower Extremity Predominant 2 (SMALED2), a developmental disease of motor neurons. BICD2 is a key component of the cytoplasmic dynein/dynactin motor complex, which in axons drives the microtubule-dependent retrograde transport of intracellular cargo towards the cell soma. Patients with pathological mutations in BICD2 develop malformations of cortical and cerebellar development similar to Bicd2 knockout (−/−) mice. In this study we sought to re-examine the motor neuron phenotype of conditional Bicd2−/− mice. Bicd2−/− mice show a significant reduction in the number of large calibre motor neurons of the L4 ventral root compared to wild type mice. Muscle-specific knockout of Bicd2 results in a similar reduction in L4 ventral axons comparable to global Bicd2−/− mice. Rab6, a small GTPase required for the sorting of exocytic vesicles from the Trans Golgi Network to the plasma membrane is a major binding partner of BICD2. We therefore examined the secretory pathway in SMALED2 patient fibroblasts and demonstrated that BICD2 is required for physiological flow of constitutive secretory cargoes from the Trans Golgi Network to the plasma membrane using a VSV-G reporter assay. Together, these data indicate that BICD2 loss from muscles is a major driver of non-cell autonomous pathology in the motor nervous system, which has important implications for future therapeutic approaches in SMALED2.
Infrared spectra of soil organic matter under a primary vegetation sequence
Authors: Nuzzo A. , Buurman P. , Cozzolino V. , Spaccini R. , Piccolo A.
Published: March 2020

Background

We applied Fourier-Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques in combination with selective humus extractions to investigate in situ the chemical features of organic matter in three soil profiles recently developed from Dutch sand dunes, under well-documented vegetation sequence and containing a relatively simple mineral-organic matter system. Water-soluble and alkaline-soluble extracts were also studied to match the changes of humus in the soil residues.

Results

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform (DRIFT) and transmission spectra differed in resolution and sensitivity. DRIFT was superior in revealing structural information on the organic matter present in the soil samples whereas transmission spectra showed higher resolution for the bands of inorganic material at lower spectral frequencies. Differences between H and B horizons were due to the amount of hydrophilic organic acids, partly unsaturated, that were extracted by alkali. Extractable carboxylic acids and other hydrophilic compounds such as peptides and carbohydrates were larger in the less developed soils under pine and crowberry than in the more advanced profiles under beech. Humin residues from both H and B horizons retained unextractable aliphatic components and carboxylic groups involved in strong complexes with minerals, thereby confirming other findings that showed the largely aliphatic character of the unextractable humic fraction. Accumulation of poorly-soluble organic materials in these soils occur by protection from biodegradation due both to complexation with soil minerals and to a process by which apolar humic constituents form a separate hydrophobic phase where no biological activity can take place. Transport of poorly soluble compounds from H to B horizons, noticed especially in the more developed profiles, may have occurred through humic aggregates containing hydrophobic phases.

Conclusions

This work shows that the DRIFT technique in combination with soil chemical treatments can be suitably employed to investigate the changes of organic matter in whole soil samples and represents a valid tool to investigate the role of organic matter in soil profile development.
Four new species of Isepeolini (Hymenoptera; Apidae) from northern Chile
Authors: Packer Laurence , Graham Liam
Published: March 2020

Background

Cleptoparasitic bees are less commonly collected than their hosts and often more difficult to identify and additional descriptions and treatment of diagnostic characteristics are needed.

Results

Four new species of Isepeolini are described from northern Chile: Isepeolus mankalunthata Packer & Graham, new species; Melectoides licancabur Packer & Graham, new species, M. desiccata Packer & Graham new species and M. glaucodontus Packer & Graham new species. Putative host information is provided where possible, comments on the habitats of these bees are made and additional records of the tribe from Chile are listed.

Conclusion

Using traps left out for weeks to months in areas where bees are sparse is proving a useful technique to catch rare and undescribed species.
Yeast strains with antagonist activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. and their phenotypic characterization
Authors: Navarro-Herrera Yulieth Y. , Ortíz-Moreno Martha L.
Published: March 2020

Colletotrichum is the causal agent of anthracnose in passion fruit crops, generating economic yield losses. Antagonistic microorganisms represent highly efficient alternatives for chemical compounds in controlling the anthracnose disease. In this research, 8 yeast strains (M1-M8) were isolated, characterized and their antagonistic activities against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. were evaluated in vitro. The physiological assessments showed that potential antagonistic morphotypes (M2, M5 and M7) had optimal growth with distinct conditions: 3-5 pH, 30°C, 1-5% NaCl; and assimilated several carbon sources. These morphotypes exhibited low enzymatic activity on plant polymers. According to the physiological and inhibition tests, M2 appears to be a promising biocontrol agent against C. gloeosporioides. M2 was identified as the species Meyerozyma caribbica Kurtzman & M. Suzuki.
Cloacal swabs and alcohol bird specimens are good proxies for compositional analyses of gut microbial communities of Great tits (Parus major)
Authors: Bodawatta Kasun H. , Puzejova Katerina , Sam Katerina , Poulsen Michael , Jønsson Knud A.
Published: March 2020

Background

Comprehensive studies of wild bird microbiomes are often limited by difficulties of sample acquisition. However, widely used non-invasive cloacal swab methods and under-explored museum specimens preserved in alcohol provide promising avenues to increase our understanding of wild bird microbiomes, provided that they accurately portray natural microbial community compositions. To investigate this assertion, we used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of Great tit (Parus major) gut microbiomes to compare 1) microbial communities obtained from dissected digestive tract regions and cloacal swabs, and 2) microbial communities obtained from freshly dissected gut regions and from samples preserved in alcohol for 2 weeks or 2 months, respectively.

Results

We found no significant differences in alpha diversities in communities of different gut regions and cloacal swabs (except in OTU richness between the dissected cloacal region and the cloacal swabs), or between fresh and alcohol preserved samples. However, we did find significant differences in beta diversity and community composition of cloacal swab samples compared to different gut regions. Despite these community-level differences, swab samples qualitatively captured the majority of the bacterial diversity throughout the gut better than any single compartment. Bacterial community compositions of alcohol-preserved specimens did not differ significantly from freshly dissected samples, although some low-abundant taxa were lost in the alcohol preserved specimens.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that cloacal swabs, similar to non-invasive fecal sampling, qualitatively depict the gut microbiota composition without having to collect birds to extract the full digestive tract. The satisfactory depiction of gut microbial communities in alcohol preserved samples opens up for the possibility of using an enormous resource readily available through museum collections to characterize bird gut microbiomes. The use of extensive museum specimen collections of birds for microbial gut analyses would allow for investigations of temporal patterns of wild bird gut microbiomes, including the potential effects of climate change and anthropogenic impacts. Overall, the utilization of cloacal swabs and museum alcohol specimens can positively impact bird gut microbiome research to help increase our understanding of the role and evolution of wild bird hosts and gut microbial communities.
Common-azimuth seismic data fault analysis using residual UNet
Authors: Liu Naihao , He Tao , Tian Yajun , Wu Bangyu , Gao Jinghuai , Xu Zongben
Published: March 2020

Seismic fault interpretation is one of the key steps for seismic structure interpretation, which is a time-consuming task and strongly depends on the experience of the interpreter. Aiming to automate fault interpretation, we have considered it as an image segmentation issue and adopt a solution using a residual UNet (ResUNet), which introduces residual units to UNet. Using the ResUNet model, we develop a fault-versus-azimuth analysis based on offset vector tile data, which, as common-azimuth seismic data, provide more detailed and useful information for interpreting seismic faults. To avoid manual efforts for picking training labels and the inaccuracy introduced by different interpreters, we use synthetic seismic data with a random number of faults with different locations and throws as the training and validation data sets. ResUNet is finally trained using only synthetic data and tested on field data. Field data applications show that the proposed fault-detection algorithm using ResUNet can predict seismic faults more accurately than coherence- and UNet-based approaches. Moreover, geologic fault interpretation results computed using common-azimuth data exhibit higher lateral resolution than those computed using poststack seismic data.
Hydrodynamics and deposition in lacustrine shallow-water delta front: A combination of numerical simulations and modern sedimentation measurements
Authors: Zhang Yunlong , Bao Zhidong , Dou Luxing , Jiang Li , Wei Mingyang , Zhang Li
Published: March 2020

With the exploration of tight oil and gas, shallow-water deltaic reservoirs have been attracting more and more attention. The sedimentary architecture of a shallow-water delta shows distinctive differences with that of a deep-slope delta. These differences may be associated with the mechanism and characteristics of the deposition in the area where the sediments unloaded. Based on modern sedimentary research of the Poyang Lake in China, this paper focuses on the processes of river flow entering a lake with a low dip angle. We conducted six sets of numerical simulations with different initial sedimentary flow velocities using Fluent software for analyzing the hydrodynamics and the sediment transportation in the shallow-water delta. We combined the simulation results with an analysis of the geomorphology of the Gangjiang Delta to reveal the deposition along the shoreline of the lacustrine shallow-water delta. The numerical simulation shows that the shallow-water delta is dominated by bed friction with an extensive hydrodynamical boundary layer. The bed shear stress, which varies with the changes in river flux, dominated the sediment transport and deposition at the shallow-water delta front, where the effluent flow mixes with lake water. The distributary channels show characteristics of repeatedly occurred erosion, scouring, filling, and reoccupation. We argue that the depositional characteristics are associated with the changes in bed shear stress controlled by variation of flow velocity. Mouth bars are less likely to grow to a reasonable scale because of the seasonal scouring of extreme floods. Moreover, the lake flow potentially reworks the mouth bars. Consequently, mouth bar deposits were difficult to preserve as hydrocarbon reservoirs in ancient shallow-water delta.
Emergency workers’ experiences of the use of section 136 of the Mental Health Act 1983: interpretative phenomenological investigation
Authors: Genziani Mirella , Gillard Steve , Samuels Lana , Chambers Mary
Published: March 2020

Aims and method

To explore the experiences of emergency workers dealing with incidents in which section 136 of the Mental Health Act 1983 is invoked by the police. Data from interviews with police officers and ambulance workers in a London locality were subject to interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Results

Participants felt they were the first port of call and that training should be improved to help them deal with those experiencing mental health crises in the community. Police participants noted time pressures trying to gain individuals’ trust and described section 136 detention as sometimes feeling like a betrayal of the individual. Most participants had negative experiences of admissions to the 136 suite; several suggested ways of improving the admissions system. Several went beyond their expected duties to ensure that distressed individuals were supported before accessing mental healthcare services.

Clinical implications

Improving training of emergency workers in dealing with mental health crises would also help with aftercare decision-making. Learning identified from the participants’ experiences lends support to collaboration between emergency and mental health services, an important step towards improving the section 136 process so that detainees can access help without unnecessary delay.
Circulating IGF-1 Independently Predicts Blood Pressure in Children With Higher Calcium-Phosphorus Product Levels
Authors: Xargay-Torrent Sílvia , Dorado-Ceballos Estefanía , Benavides-Boixader Anna , Lizárraga-Mollinedo Esther , Mas-Parés Berta , Montesinos-Costa Mercè , De Zegher Francis , Ibáñez Lourdes , Bassols Judit , López-Bermejo Abel
Published: March 2020

Objective

To study the association between insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and blood pressure in children, in particular, the potential interaction with the serum calcium-phosphorus product (Ca*P).

Methods

A longitudinal study included 521 children (age 8.8 ± 0.1) from northeastern Spain, of whom 158 were followed-up after 5 years. IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), and serum calcium and phosphorus were measured at baseline. Anthropometric (body-mass index [BMI] and waist) and cardiometabolic variables (systolic [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure), pulse pressure, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR], high-density lipoprotein [HDL]-cholesterol, and triglycerides) were assessed at baseline and at the end of follow-up. Statistical analysis included Pearson correlations followed by multivariable linear regression analyses.

Results

Baseline IGF-1 and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio positively correlated with baseline and follow-up BMI, waist, SBP, pulse pressure, insulin, HOMA-IR and triglycerides (r 0.138-0.603; all P < 0.05). The associations with SBP were stronger with increasing Ca*P (r 0.261-0.625 for IGF-1; and r 0.174-0.583 for IGF-1/IGFBP-3). After adjusting for confounding variables, baseline IGF-1 and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 remained independently associated with both baseline and follow-up SBP in children in the highest Ca*P tertile (β = 0.245-0.381; P < 0.01; model R2 = 0.246-0.566).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that IGF-1 in childhood is an independent predictor of SBP in apparently healthy children, especially in those with high Ca*P levels.
Decolonial Multilingualism in the Caribbean
Authors: Gonzalez Shawn C.
Published: March 2020

Language conflict is a common feature of Caribbean literary production, but multilingual experimentation can be obscured by the scholarly organization of the region into blocs defined by colonial languages. Recent attention to literary multilingualism in comparative literature offers potential critical tools to investigate the region’s linguistic variability. However, European-focused scholarship prioritizes a national focus that cannot account for the complex relationships between colonial languages and Caribbean Creoles. This essay considers three works from the Dominican Republic and Jamaica: the anthology Palabras de una isla / Paroles d’une île, Juan Bosch’s story “Luis Pie,” and the Groundwork Theater Company’s Fallen Angel and the Devil Concubine. The author argues that these texts emphasize different critical priorities from the standard concerns of theorists of literary multilingualism. Consequently, these writers employ a broad range of literary strategies that enrich decolonial conversations about social transformation by imagining models of communication that challenge colonial language hierarchies.
Revolutionary Visions? Ramón Emeterio Betances, Les deux Indiens, and Haiti
Authors: Chaar-Pérez Kahlila
Published: March 2020

This essay examines the aesthetics and politics of one of the key figures in the emergence of the Caribbean anti-imperial imaginary in the nineteenth century: the Afro–Puerto Rican activist Ramón Emeterio Betances (1827–98). Through a critical interpretation of Les deux Indiens (1857), a romantic novella about the conquest of Puerto Rico, and “A Cuba Libre” (1871), a biographical essay about Haiti’s first president, Alexandre Pétion, the author explores Betances’s vision of Caribbean unity and its connections to race, gender, republicanism, and decolonization.
Regionalism, Imperialism, and Sovereignty: West Indies Federation and the Occupation of Haiti
Authors: Dalleo Raphael
Published: March 2020

Examining the West Indies Federation during the twentieth century against the backdrop of the US occupation of Haiti from 1915 to 1934 shows the complex roots of decolonization and helps us understand the occupation as a foundational event for the twentieth-century Caribbean imaginary, much as the Haitian Revolution was for the nineteenth. The occupation is usually considered only in relation to its impacts in Haiti and the United States, but Haiti’s symbolic significance meant that its occupation shaped the perspectives of Caribbean people throughout the region. Major thinkers of federation, particularly Richard B. Moore and George Padmore, developed their political perspectives through responses to the occupation. We can thus see the questioning of nation-state independence and the critique of neocolonialism (as a form of US economic imperialism allied with elites in the neocolony) emerge from the lessons of Haiti’s occupation.
SPCACF: Secured Privacy-Conserving Authentication Scheme using Cuckoo Filter in VANET
Authors: Rengarajan A , Thaha M Mohammed
Published: March 2020

Providing security for vehicular communication is essential since the network is vulnerable to severe attacks.The message authentication between vehicles and pavement units are essential for the purpose of security. Messages that passed between the vehicles should be encrypted and verified before the vehicle nodes could be trusted. The original identity of nodes can only be traceable by authorized parties and should not be exposed at any cause. However authentication between vehicles during message transformation does not guarantees message authentication rate accurately. To address these issues, the SPCACF scheme is proposed which is based on software devoid of relying on any particular hardware. Binary search algorithm is added in partial with Cuckoo Filter to achieve higher accomplishment than the preceding schemes in the batch wise verification phase. In order to guarantee that it can assure message authentication constraint, existential enforceability of underlying signature against adaptively chosen-message attack is proved under the positive filter pool method.
Acoustic Feedback Cancellation in Efficient Hearing Aids using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Jayanthi G , Parthiban Latha
Published: March 2020

Many people are distracted from the normal life style, because of the hearing loss they have. Most of them do not use the hearing aids due to various discomforts in wearing it. The main and the foremost problem available in it is; the device introduces unpleasant whistling sounds, caused by the changing environmental noise, which is faced by the user daily. This paper describes the development of an algorithm, which focuses on the adaptive feedback cancellation, that improves the listening effort of the user. The genetic algorithm is one of the computational technique, that is used in enhancing the above features. The performance can also be compared with other comprehensive analysis methods, to evaluate its standards.
Heart failure in a rural area: an education and wellbeing programme to improve self-management
Authors: Herrick Rachel , Lloyd Bethan , Stilwell Beca , Gwyther Teleri , Parry Gwenllian , Bowen Christine , Williams Sharon
Published: March 2020

Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome and a heavy burden to both patients and the healthcare system. Maximising the capacity of patients for self-management is essential, and it is important to identify effective and efficient mechanisms for achieving this. In a collaboration between heart failure nursing and clinical health psychology, an education and wellbeing programme was developed for this purpose and delivered in Ceredigion, Mid Wales. Topics covered within the programme included self-monitoring, healthy lifestyle, behaviour change, and psychological distress. Comparisons of anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy measures pre- and post-group attendance indicated that this programme successfully influenced factors that are known to contribute to self-management. Clinical implications and limitations of the evaluation are discussed.
EquineReview
Authors: Fiske-Jackson Andy
Published: March 2020

Introduction:

This edition of Equine Review looks at effects of sedation on lameness assessment; the management of metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal joint dorsal chip fractures; and endoscopic lavage and debridement for treatment of synovial contamination or sepsis of the calcaneal bursae.
Students’ Preferred Characteristics of Learning Environments in Vocational Secondary Education
Authors: Placklé Ingeborg , Könings Karen D. , Jacquet Wolfgang , Struyven Katrien , Libotton Arno , Van Merriënboer Jeroen J. G. , Engels Nadine
Published: March 2020

If teachers and teacher educators are willing to support the learning of students, it is important for them to learn what motivates students to engage in learning. Students have their own preferences on design characteristics of powerful learning environments in vocational education. We developed an instrument - the Inventory Powerful Learning Environments in Vocational Education - to measure students’ preferences on characteristics of powerful learning environments in vocational education. We investigated whether student preferences on the design of their learning environments are in line with what is described in the literature as beneficial for learning. Data of 544 students show that the preferences of students support most characteristics of PLEs in vocational education. Looking through the eyes of students, teachers have to challenge their students and encourage them to take their learning in their own hands. Adaptive learning support is needed. Remarkable, students do not prefer having reflective dialogues with teachers or peers.
Uncertified and Teaching: Industry Professionals in Career and Technical Education Classrooms
Authors: Stephens Geralyn E.
Published: March 2020

Industry professionals are permitted to teach in Michigan's federally funded Career and Technical Education (CTE) secondary programs, before completing a teacher certification program, under the Annual Occupational Authorization (AOA) provision. This study reviews their academic foundations, professional credentials and their pedagogical knowledge and skill levels. Findings include that most AOA teachers possess post-secondary academic credentials and extensive service records in their previous industry careers. The study identified relationships between the age and educational backgrounds of AOA teachers and their use of specific instructional activities and a statistical relationship between their years teaching in the CTE classroom and the degree of collaboration with academic, industry and occupational colleagues. While AOA teachers are confident in their ability to share occupational knowledge and skills, they lack an extensive awareness of authentic assessment strategies. Recommendations include establishing Teacher Mentoring programs, where both academic and occupational peers serve as mentors to AOA teachers
Developmental TVET Rhetoric In-Action: The White Paper for Post-School Education and Training in South Africa
Authors: Akoojee Salim
Published: March 2020

This paper explores the extent to which latest developments in the Technical and Vocational Education and Training System in South Africa respond to key principles espoused for a developmental, democratic and inclusionary ideal. The White Paper for post school education and training approved by Cabinet in November, 2013 is referred to by the Minister as the "definitive statement of the governments vision for the post school system" and as such represents a crucial strategy document intended to chart the TVET direction to 2030. Using key theoretical constructs from development theory, this paper provides an assessment of the TVET strategy contained is the paper and explores the extent to which it does respond to the agenda defined by the promise. It is argued that the challenges outlined are not yet able to provide the blueprint for a TVET transformative vision. It is concluded that while the development rhetoric contained in the paper is plausible, the creative tinkering of the system is unlikely to lead to the radical revisioning necessary for a truly transformative TVET system. The underlying assumptions regarding purpose, impact and outcome will need to be carefully reconsidered if the system is to be responsive to the promises of the democratic developmental ideal to which the government is committed.
Vocational Teaching-Learning through the Eyes of Undergraduate Vocational Students in Malta: A Qualitative Exploratory Study
Authors: Said Alison
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop a deeper understanding of the teaching qualities of effective lecturers that vocational students desire, students assessment preferences and preferred learning environments. This study gives a voice to higher vocational students as it is important for vocational educators to learn what attracts students to effective learning. Due to the inquiry’s exploratory nature, an interpretivist approach was used, and a constructivist grounded approach using qualitative data was adopted. A purposive approach to multiple case study selection was used where the unit of analysis was a higher vocational student. The perceptions and expectations of vocational undergraduate (EQF level 6) students in two disciplines (applied science and engineering) were explored, to identify what may constitute good practice. A total of ten participants from two different institutes within the vocational university college agreed to be interviewed. Semi-structured and photo-elicitation interviews were applied. In addition, the Powerful Learning Environments (PLEs) Framework was used as a preliminary tool to aid in the decision-making process for data collection. Iterative analysis was used for the semi- structured interviews, whilst a constant-comparative method was used for the photo- elicitation image analysis. Overall, the expectations and preferences between both groups were very similar. Results show that students expect to be taught by interactive lectures that relate theory to practice that will prepare them for the job. Formal lectures including presentations were the least favoured. Regarding teaching qualities, students expect approachable and understanding lecturers who provide concrete industrial examples. Assessment preferences included home based assignments and research projects. The preferred learning environment is in line with most characteristics of the Powerful Learning Environment. Evidence shows that there is no particular difference between a higher vocational stu- dent and a higher education student. Implications for the enhancement of students’ learning processes are discussed and recommendations for further research are elaborated.
Nanosecond pressure transient detection of laser-induced thermal lens
Authors: Capeloto Otávio A. , Zanuto Vitor S. , Camargo Vinicius G. , Flizikowski Gabriel A. S. , Lukasievicz Gustavo V. B. , Herculano Leandro S. , Belançon Marcos P. , Astrath Nelson G. C. , Malacarne Luis C.
Published: March 2020

We use the thermal lens technique in the nanosecond time scale to describe the acoustic wave effect in liquids and the corresponding correlation with the speed of sound in the fluid, volumetric thermal expansion, and piezo-optic coefficient. These physical properties are found to be directly correlated to the anomalous effects observed in the transients at the nanosecond time scale, where acoustic waves dominate the thermal lens signal inducing an oscillating transient. Our results suggest the application of the thermal lens to study the generation and the detection of thermo-acoustic waves in liquids, which makes this method interesting for all-optoacoustic ultrasound detection and imaging.
Curriculum reform and policy considerations: A multiple case study of the inclusion of modern band into music teacher preparation programmes
Authors: Prendergast Jocelyn Stevens , May Brittany Nixon
Published: March 2020

Many music teacher education programmes in the United States are increasingly offering classes that fall within the scope of modern band. A number of policies impact music teacher education curricula in the United States. These include both hard policies, such as teacher certification and NASM accreditation requirements, as well as soft policies, such as institutional traditions. In this multiple case study, the researchers interviewed three music teacher educators from different universities to examine their individual experiences incorporating modern band into their music education curricula and identify any policy issues that arose as they proposed and instituted curricular changes. The themes identified with regard to implementing modern band into the music teacher education curriculum included time, support, curricular positioning, equity and access. Notably, the participants did not cite any specific policy issues as barriers to implementing modern band into music education coursework.
Gestão e Governação do oceano e do “Mar Português”, esse “novo” património a haver...
Authors: Almeida António Campar de
Published: March 2020

http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0870-4112_3-2
Uma nova ética para um novo jornalismo? Revisitando o imperativo da responsabilidade
Authors: Santos Ana Leonor Morais
Published: March 2020

Se, por um lado, a realidade de uma nova forma de fazer jornalismo parece evidente e inquestionável, por outro lado, a necessidade de uma nova ética como correlato dessa nova realidade não se afigura com o mesmo grau de evidência e indiscutibilidade. Sendo verdade que há novas variáveis, como a predominância dos grandes grupos de comunicação social, e novas categorias, como a de webjornalismo, cujas implicações éticas importa avaliar, na realidade, os profissionais parecem considerar que as normas deontológicas existentes enquadram cabalmente as práticas jornalísticas. De facto, estas refletem princípios éticos fundamentais, transversais e intemporais, que poderiam ser coligidos sob o princípio da responsabilidade e que se direcionam para um imperativo da mesma ordem.
Antibacterial and cytotoxic activity assessment of Channa striatus (Haruan) extract
Authors: Zawawi Nur Zulaikha Mat , Shaari Rumaizi , Nordin Muhammad Luqman , Hamdan Ruhil Hayati , Peng Tan Li , C. W. Zalati C. W. Salma
Published: March 2020

Background and Aim: Channa striatus extract, a freshwater snakehead fish known as Haruan, is popular in Southeast Asia for consumption and as a traditional therapeutic remedy for wound healing. C. striatus is also used in osteoarthritic for its anti-inflammatory. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of antibacterial properties of C. striatus extract against oral bacteria and to investigate the cytotoxic activity against Vero cells.

Materials and Methods: The authors prepared C. striatus extract in chloroform-methanol solvents. Next, the authors took subgingival microbiological samples from 16 cats that had periodontal disease. The authors determined the antibacterial properties of C. striatus extract against the isolated bacteria using the disk diffusion method and a broth microdilution-based resazurin microtiter assay. Finally, the authors used the Vero cell line to evaluate the cytotoxic activity, and they assessed the cell availability using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Results: The results showed weak antibacterial activity of C. striatus extract against Pseudomonas spp. and Escherichia coli. In addition, the authors found that minimum inhibition concentration values ranged between 400 and 500 mg/mL, and minimum bactericidal concentration values ranged between 650 and 550 mg/mL. However, the cytotoxic results were promising, showing that C. striatus extract increased the cell viability and growth when it was at a higher concentration. The extract also promotes growth and cell proliferation.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that C. striatus extract promoted cell proliferation in vitro and could be a plausible therapeutic wound healing alternative for periodontal disease in cats.
Evaluations of phylogenetic proximity in a group of 67 dogs with osteosarcoma: a pilot study
Authors: Virgilio Fabrizio di , Caraty Johan , Hassoun Roy , Hamaide Annick , Meheust Pierre , Farnir Frédéric
Published: March 2020

Aim of the Research
The aim of this study is to analyze a group of dogs of different breeds affected by osteosarcoma (OSA), to document any prevalence of this primary bone neoplasia in breeds that are phylogenetically close and to help with further research human medicine, as a model of study for prevalence and epidemiology of human OSA in multiple populations.

Study Design
Pilot study from two canine surgery databases between 2002 and 2013.

Materials and Methods
Breeds were classified in groups based on their phylogenetical proximity. Differences in prevalence of OSA between breeds and groups were evaluated with a permutation test. For each breed and each group, a ranking was made by calculating 95 % confidence intervals and counting the no-overlapping between breeds and groups. The relation between the dogs’ heights and the prevalence of OSA was analyzed using a logistic regression between the disease status and dog size.

Results
A total of 67 dogs with OSA, in 26 different breeds were included. Ten breeds were overrepresented and, the majority of these, were classified in 2 predisposed groups phylogenetically close to each other. The prevalence of OSA was associated with the dogs’ height within predisposed breeds, but, in general, taller breeds were not the most affected.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
In this study, despite the small number of dogs, we observed that the most commonly affected breeds with OSA are phylogenetically closely related. This highlights the importance of genetics in the aetiology of canine OSA . In this preliminary study, indications are given on breeds, samples and genome locations to be further investigated. This could allow identification of pathogenic alleles in dogs, and potentially in humans. Furthermore this pilot research can represent a model of epidemiologic study of human OSA.
The Effect of Morinda citrifolia and Arthrospira plattensis Powder on the Performance and Quality of Broiler Duck Carcasses
Authors: Kurniawan David , Chistie Citra Dewi Yulia
Published: March 2020

This study was aimed to investigate performance and quality of broiler duck carcasses fed with Morinda citrifolia and Arthrospira plattensis. A total of 168 two-week-old broiler duck with an initial average body weight of 463 ± 29.38 g and a diversity of 6.35 % were randomly allotted to 7 experimental groups with 4 replications each with 6 bird per replication. Treatments were T0 (basal diet as a control), T1 (basal diet + 0.2% of Morinda citrifolia powder (MP)), T2 (basal diet + 0.5% of Arthrospira plattensis powde(AP)) , T3 (basal diet + 0.2% of MP+ 0.5% of AP), T4 (basal diet + 0.4% of MP + 0.5% of AP), T5 (basal diet + 0.2% of MP + 0.1% of AP), T6 (basal diet 0.4% of MP + 0.1% of AP). Variables measured were feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass percentage, abdominal fat, and visceral organ. Data were analyzed for variance based on a Completely Randomize Design and continued with Duncan’s multiple Range Test for differences. Result showed that the treatments did not affect (P>0.05) on feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. The treatments also did not affect (P>0.05) carcass percentage, abdominal fat, and visceral organ. The diet did not significantly improve performance and quality of broiler duck carcasses.
Espiritualidad para la misión
Authors: Sueiro Samuel
Published: March 2020

Una de las características del ministerio pastoral del papa Francisco es la insistencia en asumir con un nuevo impulso la responsabilidad cristiana de anunciar del Evangelio. En este sentido, su magisterio se sitúa en perfecta continuidad con las perspectivas abiertas por el Concilio Vaticano II para la Iglesia en el mundo contemporáneo. Buena parte del pensamiento teológico de los últimos decenios ha mostrado la intrínseca correlación entre la misión eclesial y la espiritualidad. Basándose en los textos del Concilio y en las contribuciones de algunos destacados teólogos de la generación conciliar, esta reflexión pretende evidenciar los fundamentos teológicos de un renovado impulso misionero en la Iglesia desde la correlación entre la espiritualidad y la misión, especialmente, a la luz de los consejos evangélicos de pobreza, castidad y obediencia, en cuanto dinamismos de la vida teologal.
Photoprotective property and cytotoxicity of polar extracts of three species of Maytenus native to the Southwest of Bahia
Authors: Pereira Rosângela Santos , Pereira Rafael Santos , Aguiar Rosane Moura , Lemos Gisele da Silveira , Vieira Filho Sidney Augusto , De Oliveira Djalma Menezes
Published: March 2020

Maytenus acanthophylla, M. rigida and M. truncata (Celastraceae) are used in the traditional medicine of Chapada Diamantina and Southwest Bahia, Brazil. The infusion and decocto of its leaves are used in the treatment of inflammation and gastric disorders. In this context, it is important to identify chemical and biological properties that reinforce this traditional use. The objective of this study was to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid content by the Folin-Ciocalteau method, the photoprotective property by in vitro spectrophotometric method and the acute toxicity by the mortality index of Artemia salina, of polar extracts of these three Maytenus species. It was observed that the species have similar levels of total phenolic and flavonoid. The presence of compounds containing chromophore groups, which absorb radiation in the UV region between 290 and 320 nm, gives the extracts promising sun protection factors. In the tests with A. salina, the median lethal concentration values were high (≥1000.0 µg/mL) indicating the low toxicity of these extracts. The results contribute to the knowledge of the polar extracts of the three Maytenus species of the Southwest of Bahia, to the validation of the therapeutic properties of these plants and opens perspectives of new studies of photoprotection.
Hur ser tysk L2-produktion ut hos svenska, kinesiska och vitryska avancerade inlärare?
Authors: Rosén Christina
Published: March 2020

This paper investigates first language (L1) influence on the acquisition of syntax and discourse pragmatics in a second language (L2) in essays written by advanced learners of German from Sweden, China and Belarus (the KobaltDaF Corpus). The control corpus consists of essays written by native German speakers. The study focuses on the clause-initial preverbal position of V2 declaratives, the so-called prefield (Vorfeld) and the Vor-Vorfeld. The results show that the language-specific information structural patterns that exist in the L1 have an impact on the L2. The forms and frequencies of prefield constituent types differ substantially from the target language, indicating transfer in a domain other than pure syntax. The learners start their sentences in a nonnative way. Even though Swedish and German are closely related languages, the results show, contrary to what is expected, that Chinese learners produce patterns that are more targetlike. In addition, implications of these findings for language teaching are discussed.
Beryllium-associated diseases from a chemist’s point of view
Authors: Buchner Magnus R.
Published: March 2020

Beryllium has long been considered the most toxic non-radioactive element to humans. However, it is shown that the acute toxicity of beryllium ions does not exceed that of other toxic cations like Cd2+, Ba2+, Hg2+ or As3+. The physiological mechanisms liable for the development of beryllium-associated diseases are discussed. Additionally an overview over proposed low-molecular model system for the beryllium species responsible for beryllioses is presented.
De la crónica al periodismo, fuentes para el constructo de la semana santa ilustrada
Authors: Fernández Paradas Antonio Rafael , Sánchez Guzmán Rubén
Published: March 2020

En el presente trabajo se pretende dar una visión de las celebraciones de la Semana Santa de Valladolid, y de sus celebrados conjuntos procesionales. No se pretende dar una simple visión histórica de esta celebración en el siglo XVIII, si no trazar que pensaban los contemporáneos de ese siglo de este potencial, cultural, artístico y antropológico que suponía la celebración a través de sus escritos. Es de destacar que tan singular fenómeno no se ciñó a las fronteras de la ciudad sino que fue un tema en consideración para la historiografía de ámbito nacional, por lo que recogemos tanto fuentes locales como nacionales, en un siglo el XVIII, que pasaremos de una mentalidad tardo barroca a una plenamente ilustrada, cambio que en ocasiones se desarrolló de manera traumática, pensamientos encontrados que quedaron marcados en maneras distintas de narrar, desde la historia pre científica hasta la crónica periodística. De manera específica se han analizado y comparado tres fuentes de información coetáneas a la época, una de ellas el primer diario publicado en Valladolid. Las fuentes utilizada son las siguientes: El Diario de Valladolid fue redactado por Ventura Pérez entre 1720 y 1784; la Historia Secular y Eclesiástica de la muy Antigua, Augusta, Coronada, muy Ilustre, muy Noble, Rica y muy Leal Ciudad de Valladolid, escrita por Manuel Canesi Acevedo (1681-1750) y el Diario Pinciano, primer periódico de Valladolid, obra de José Mariano Beristáin, cuyo primer número se editó el 7 de febrero de 1787, siendo el primer periódico de Valladolid. Se ha realizado un vaciado de estas fuentes, cuya base es la justificación documental del presente trabajo.
Auditoría 2.0, una perspectiva para su ejecución en el entorno empresarial utilizando técnicas de Minería de procesos
Authors: González Flores Isabel , Rivera Riquenes Josué
Published: March 2020

La gestión empresarial necesita del desarrollo de métodos e instrumentos para establecer y mejorar las normas de actuación de las organizaciones. Un punto importante lo constituye la auditoría, que permite validar información y los procesos de negocio. En el entorno empresarial cubano la ejecución de auditorías presenta un bajo nivel de explotación de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones, esto limita el trabajo de los auditores y las acciones de seguimiento y control. Las actuales prácticas se basan en muestras, lo que inevitablemente proporciona una visión incompleta de la ejecución del proceso, generalmente se realizan de forma manual, consumen mucho tiempo, así como recursos humanos y financieros. El objetivo de este trabajo es destacar los beneficios del análisis de la información disponible en los registros de eventos de los sistemas informáticos, utilizando técnicas de Minería de procesos como una nueva forma de auditoría. La automatización de la auditoría reduce los costos de transacción correspondientes, mejorando al mismo tiempo su calidad y precisión, así lo demuestran los casos de estudio analizados. Las organizaciones que asuman esta nueva forma de auditoría para sus procesos de negocio tendrán asegurado un mayor nivel de competitividad frente a sus adversarios en el mercado actual.
Estudio bibliométrico sobre reputación digital y economía colaborativa (2004-2017)
Authors: Martínez-Polo Josep , Navarro-Beltrá Marián
Published: March 2020

La confianza y la reputación digital son conceptos de vital importancia para el sector del consumo colaborativo, ya que permiten disminuir el riesgo de los intercambios entre desconocidos. Sin embargo, y a pesar de la importancia de este sector económico, parece que las contribuciones intelectuales de la academia de comunicación al discurso sobre la economía colaborativa son insuficientes. Ante esta situación parece conveniente aumentar la literatura académica existente relacionada con el tema de estudio, pero para ello primero es necesario identificar y conocer las investigaciones ya realizadas. Por tanto, con este trabajo se pretende recopilar, revisar y sintetizar la producción científica existente sobre la confianza y la reputación digital en el ámbito del consumo colaborativo y la economía colaborativa. Para ello, se realiza un análisis bibliométrico de los artículos relacionados con el tema de estudio publicados entre 2004 y 2017 en revistas indexadas en Web of Science, Scopus y Dialnet. Este trabajo muestra que el interés académico por esta temática es reciente, que los artículos son de calidad, que están redactados principalmente en inglés y que no existe una revista, un autor, ni un centro de investigación de referencia. Además, se podría afirmar que los artículos publicados en revistas indexadas en JCR se caracterizan por estar redactados en inglés, por tener una mayor colaboración que los no indexados, tanto a nivel de autores como de instituciones, y por contar con más citas en WOS.