bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arquitetura para gerenciamento de dispositivos através de assistentes virtuais comandados por voz
Authors: Cesário Honoré Vicente , Girão Gustavo , Riker André , Dalmazo Bruno L. , Immich Roger
Published: October 2022

O gerenciamento e configuração das redes domésticas tem se tornado cada vez mais complexa. Um dos motivos para isto é devido ao aumento no número de dispositivos conectados a sua infraestrutura. A grande variedade de fabricantes e falta de padronização nas funcionalidades disponibilizadas, podem levar os usuários a efetuar configurações equivocadas. Realizar essas configurações pode ser ainda mais desafiador para pessoas que apresentem algum tipo de deficiência. Diante disso, o presente trabalho propõe uma arquitetura em camadas, onde será possível mediante comandos por voz ou texto e utilizando linguagem natural, que configurações complexas sejam realizadas, sem que seja necessário conhecimento técnico avançado relativo a infraestrutura ou especificidades do dispositivo de rede.
Avaliando a acessibilidade do SIGAA e sua experiência de usuário para discentes com deficiência da UFRRJ
Authors: Adão Caio Marcelo Sabadin , Gomes Julia Souza Robaina , Silva Allan Sette da , Oliveira Camila Cristina Gomes Ferreira de
Published: October 2022

Neste trabalho, foi conduzida uma auditoria de acessibilidade do SIGAA, devido à sua popularidade entre instituições públicas de ensino superior e à obrigação legal de que sejam acessíveis os sites de organizações governamentais brasileiras. Na auditoria, fez-se um recorte dos casos de uso mais relevantes à trajetória acadêmica dos alunos, e realizaram-se testes de interface automáticos e manuais para se encontrar, nas páginas dos casos de uso, potenciais descumprimentos às recomendações das diretrizes brasileiras de acessibilidade web. Ademais, avaliou-se a usabilidade do sistema percebida por usuários com deficiência. A auditoria evidenciou diversos problemas de acessibilidade, e uma insatisfação geral com a usabilidade do sistema.
Avaliação dos Termos de Uso, Política de Privacidade e Coleta de Dados do Conecte SUS
Authors: Vaz Gabriel , Mosmann Luiz Henrique , Vinadé Renata , Silveira Milene , Bordini Rafael , Prikladnicki Rafael , Marczak Sabrina
Published: October 2022

Com o surgimento da pandemia do Coronavírus e após a produção de vacinas para proteger a população, o aplicativo Conecte SUS se tornou amplamente utilizado já que prevê a integração das informações de saúde do cidadão, como, por exemplo, o controle e emissão do Certificado Nacional de Vacinação COVID-19. Assim, sendo possível ter o controle vacinal da população, além de permitir maior segurança para eventos em lugares fechados. Com a sanção da Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD) em 2020, a coleta e manipulação dos dados dos usuários tornou-se ainda mais discutida por empresas e pesquisadores. Seguindo este contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar os Termos de Uso, Política de Privacidade e coleta de dados do Conecte SUS, nesta pesquisa, foram realizadas as aplicações dos métodos de avaliação por inspeção (Percurso Cognitivo) e de extração de opinião (Questionário).
Proposta de avaliação de usabilidade da interface do usuário do ventilador mecânico Ticê
Authors: Silva Mateus L. da , Amorim Fábio F. , Quintero Carlos H. L. , Bestard Guillermo A. , Evangelista Sérgio H. , Barbalho Sanderson C. M. , Oliveira Fábio Henrique M.
Published: October 2022

Os ventiladores mecânicos são equipamentos de suporte a vida que normalmente compõem as unidades de tratamento intensivo. A baixa usabilidade da interface destes equipamentos pode facilmente levar ao erro humano. Este trabalho pretende avaliar a usabilidade da interface de usuário do ventilador mecânico Ticê de forma quantitativa e qualitativa.
RetificAI: Um verificador de notícias falsas com base em IA e Aprendizado de Máquina
Authors: Grillo Guilherme Jun Yazaki , Rosati Gabriel Tavares Brayn , da Hora Jaqueline Matos , Soares Paulo Henrique de Souza , Rodrigues Kamila Rios da Hora
Published: October 2022

São muitos os caminhos que levam à desinformação. O acesso cada vez mais crescente a dispositivos móveis e aos canais de comunicação potencializou a disseminação de notícias falsas. A sociedade tem se mobilizado em criar soluções que amenizem o fenômeno das Fake News. Este trabalho propõe o RetificAI, um verificador de notícias falsas, composto de um Website e um chatbot, e com base em IA e Aprendizado de Máquina, projetado para disponibilizar de maneira fácil e guiada um feedback sobre notícias veiculadas nos mais diferentes meios. Um estudo prévio foi feito em um protótipo existente e com base nele um novo produto foi projetado. O intuito desse novo produto é ser efetivo, além de assertivo e fácil de usar para diferentes perfis de usuários, sobretudo idosos, que são reconhecidamente aqueles que mais disseminam notícias falsas no Brasil.
Uma Estratégia Bioinspirada para Escalonamento em Redes Sem Fio sob o Modelo SINR
Authors: Camargo Fábio Engel de , Fulber-Garcia Vinicius , Duarte Jr. Elias P.
Published: October 2022

A comunicação sem fio é hoje utilizada em larga escala. Novos avanços da tecnologia, como redes celulares 6G e Internet das coisas tendem a trazer ainda maior destaque e novos desafios, como densidades cada vez maiores. Um canal de comunicação sem fio é um meio compartilhado, que tem como um dos maiores desafios a interferência causada por transmissões simultâneas. Selecionar quais transmissões devem ocorrer simultaneamente, ou não, de maneira eficiente é conhecido como “problema do escalonamento”, um problema NP-Completo. Este trabalho apresenta uma heurística genética como solução para o problema do escalonamento em redes sem fio sob o modelo SINR. A heurística é especificada, avaliada por meio de experimentos, incluindo um teste de convergência e simulação para avaliar a sua capacidade em obter um escalonamento eficiente. Os resultados mostram que a solução proposta é capaz de produzir uma boa solução em tempo polinomial.
Demonstration of a Polarization-encoding Quantum Key Distribution System
Authors: Mantey Sara T. , Ramos Mariana F. , Silva Nuno A. , Pinto Armando N. , Muga Nelson J.
Published: October 2022

In this work, a fully functional polarization-encoding quantum key distribution system (QKD) is demonstrated. At the transmitter side, the polarization states are prepared using an algorithm to determine the voltages to be applied on the electronic polarization controller (EPC), to generate up to four polarization states. At the receiver, a second EPC is used to perform the basis alignment. The symbol synchronization is achieved using a reference optical signal that is wavelength division multiplexed with the quantum signal which carries the polarization-encoded qubit. Frame synchronization is achieved at a protocol level. The presented QKD system works at a repetition rate of 500 Hz, with an average quantum bit error rate of 1.35%.
Análise comparativa do algoritmo Paxos e suas variações
Authors: Regis Sofia , Mendizabal Odorico M.
Published: October 2022

Protocolos de consenso distribuído são blocos de construção fundamentais para o desenvolvimento de sistemas distribuídos confiáveis. Eles auxiliam na elaboração de sistemas com alta disponibilidade e garantia de consistência forte, mesmo no caso de falhas em alguns participantes. O Paxos é o principal algoritmo de consenso das últimas décadas com diversas variações e otimizações sendo pesquisadas e desenvolvidas desde que o algoritmo original foi proposto. Este artigo apresenta um levantamento sobre as principais variações e otimizações do algoritmo Paxos, observando diferenças, vantagens e desvantagens entre as variantes e o protocolo tradicional.
Detecção e Análise de Vulnerabilidades em um Servidor OJS utilizando Teste de Penetração
Authors: Maciel Denys , Callado Arthur , Filho Roberto , Ortiz Marcos
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo detectar e analisar possíveis vulnerabilidades existentes em um servidor OJS local utilizando técnicas de teste de penetração. Para isso, a técnica de teste de penetração automatizado OSSTMM foi utilizada, através do uso de scanners web que realizam varreduras em um sistema em busca de vulnerabilidades web, e também utilizando técnicas de teste de penetração manual com o auxílio da ferramenta Burp Suite, com o objetivo de encontrar o máximo de vulnerabilidades possíveis. A versão do OJS avaliada neste trabalho foi a 3.1.1-4. Esta versão apresenta controles que inibem a exploração das vulnerabilidades mais comuns em sistemas web.
Urlaubsrecht
Authors: Schupp Antje
Published: October 2022

Recht auf Urlaub und Erholung

Der Urlaubsanspruch des Arbeitnehmers ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil des mit dem Arbeitgeber bestehenden Arbeitsvertrags. Er hat unterschiedliche rechtliche Grundlagen; so ergibt er sich aus dem individuellen Arbeitsvertrag, einer Betriebsvereinbarung, einem Tarifvertrag, aber auch aus europäischen Rechtsvorschriften.

Komplexe Materie ...

Die Thematik Urlaubsanspruch hat verschiedenste Aspekte, beispielsweise Entstehen des Urlaubs, Befristung, Dauer, Krankheit im Urlaub, Urlaubsabgeltung, Urlaubsgeld.

... anschaulich erklärt

Die Autorin behandelt sämtliche mit dem Urlaub zusammenhängenden Problematiken. Zahlreiche Tipps, Beispiele und "Merksätze" machen das Buch zu einem überaus verständlichen Helfer für den betrieblichen Alltag.
Fremdpersonal im Unternehmen
Authors: Hamann Wolfgang
Published: October 2022

Wann ist der Einsatz von Fremdpersonal sinnvoll?

Viele Unternehmen stehen in einem harten, nicht selten internationalen Wettbewerb. Hier gilt es, die personellen Ressourcen möglichst effektiv einzusetzen. Eigenes Personal wird möglichst auf Kernbereiche konzentriert und durch Fremdpersonal ergänzt. Das hilft, Personalkosten zu senken, und ermöglicht, flexibel auf schwankende Auslastungen zu reagieren. Auch ist qualifiziertes Personal auf dem Arbeitsmarkt kaum noch zu finden. Das sind die wichtigsten Gründe, aus denen Unternehmen auf externe Mitarbeiter zurückgreifen.

Was ist bei Fremdpersonal zu beachten?

Das Buch stellt die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten des Fremdpersonaleinsatzes, die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen und die damit einhergehenden Chancen und Risiken dar.

Welche Möglichkeiten gibt es?

Der Autor erläutert u.a. die Arbeitnehmerüberlassung (Stand: 1. April 2017), den Fremdpersonaleinsatz auf der Grundlage von Werk- und Dienstverträgen sowie die Aufgabenerledigung durch freie Mitarbeiter. Schwerpunkte bilden die Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten und die Abgrenzung der verschiedenen Personaleinsatzformen voneinander sowie Folgen bei Gesetzesverstößen und Haftungsfragen.

Mit Checklisten und Mustervertrag

Behandelt werden zudem die Position des Betriebsrats sowie der grenzüberschreitende Personaleinsatz. Der Autor stellt ausführlich gesetzliche Vorgaben und verbleibende Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten beim Arbeitnehmerüberlassungsvertrag dar. Außerdem gibt er dem Praktiker einen Mustervertrag an die Hand. Die Wiedergabe sonst schwer zugänglicher Rechtsvorschriften und Checklisten rundet den Ratgeber ab.
Asylrecht
Authors: Weiße André
Published: October 2022

Aktuelle Regelungen

Die Broschüre erläutert die grundlegenden Bestimmungen des Asylgesetzes. Dadurch können die Polizeivollzugsbeamten ihre Praxisaufgaben besser bewältigen und entsprechende Folgemaßnahmen durchführen. Die vierte Auflage gibt einen umfassenden Überblick über die neuen, aktuell geltenden Rechtsvorschriften.

Behandelte Themen

Der Verfasser behandelt zunächst das Asylverfahren einschließlich

• Begriffsbestimmungen

• asylberechtigten Personen

• subsidiär schutzberechtigten Personen

• Einreisen aus bzw. über EU-Staaten, sichere Drittstaaten oder sichere Herkunftsstaaten

• Zuständigkeitsregelungen

• Eurodac-Datenbank

Ein Schaubild zur möglichen Historie eines Asylbewerbers und Hinweise zur Flughafenregelung verdeutlichen wichtige Problemfelder.

Asylverfahren – Schritt-für-Schritt behandelt

Ausführlich geht der Autor auf einzelne Bereiche des Asylverfahrens ein, wie z.B.

• Aufgaben und Zuständigkeit der Polizei

• Vorliegen und Fehlen von Straftatbeständen

• Weiterleitung zur zuständigen Aufnahmeeinrichtung

• Minderjährige Asylbewerber unter 16 Jahren ohne Begleitung

Die Aufenthaltsgestattung wird ebenso behandelt wie die Anerkennung als Asylberechtigter, die Erhebung und Übermittlung personenbezogener Daten sowie Sanktionen nach dem Asylgesetz.

Zahlreiche Fallbeispiele und ein Überblick über die wichtigsten asylverfahrensrechtlichen Vorschriften runden das Buch ab. Ein abschließendes Kapitel erläutert den Vollzug des Asylbewerberleistungsgesetzes.

Entwicklungen im Asylrecht

Auch im Jahr 2016 war das Asylrecht in den Medien und in der Politik ein beständiges Thema. So wurden allein im Jahr 2015 beim BAMF 476.649 formelle Asylanträge gestellt. Das waren 273.815 Anträge mehr als im Vorjahr. Nicht berücksichtigt sind diejenigen Personen, die sich bereits monatelang in Deutschland als Asylsuchende aufhielten, einen solchen formellen Asylantrag wegen Terminnot aber noch nicht stellen konnten.
Religionen und Tod
Authors: Höpflinger Anna-Katharina , Müller Yves
Published: October 2022

Cross-shaped gravestones, ideas about an afterlife, mourning practices or immortal deities: Dealing with dying and death is a fundamental part of religions. This textbook introduces the complex interaction be-tween religion and death in a vivid way and underlines it with numerous examples, including two chapters focusing on a visual approach. It discusses basic categories and stimulates further reflection on each topic. This book has been created for students as well as all readers interested in religion and can also be used by teachers as a basis for designing a seminar.
Allgemeines Verwaltungsrecht
Authors: Guckelberger Annette
Published: October 2022

Das Lehrbuch wurde für die 11. Auflage grundlegend überarbeitet und ist auf Stand Januar 2022. Einbezogen wurden u.a. die jüngsten Änderungen des Grundgesetzes mit Verwaltungsbezug, Entwicklungen aus dem Bereich der Digitalisierung von Verwaltung und Justiz sowie aktuelle Rechtsprechung. Außerdem werden die Einwirkungen des Unionsrechts auf das deutsche Verwaltungsrecht aufgezeigt.

Neben den Grundzügen des Verwaltungsprozessrechts (unter Berücksichtigung des novellierten Umwelt-Rechtsbehelfsgesetzes) wurden für die Neuauflage auch die Bezüge des allgemeinen zum besonderen Verwaltungsrecht (öffentliches Baurecht, Kommunalrecht und Polizeirecht) herausgestellt. Die entsprechenden Darstellungen erfolgen problemorientiert an den Stellen, an denen sie für Ausbildung und Praxis relevant sind.

Die integrierte Vorgehensweise trägt der in der Praxis bestehenden Verflechtung von allgemeinem und besonderem Verwaltungsrecht sowie Verwaltungsprozessrecht Rechnung. Auf diese Weise lässt sich die Rolle des allgemeinen Verwaltungsrechts in diesem Kontext leichter erfassen und erfolgt zugleich eine Einführung in wesentliche Grundlagen des besonderen Verwaltungsrechts – was den Einstieg im Rahmen des weiteren Studiums erleichtert und Fortgeschrittenen die Zusammenhänge verdeutlicht.

Das Lehrbuch eignet sich zur erstmaligen Aneignung des Stoffs, aber auch zur Kontrolle und Vertiefung des Wissens, etwa im Rahmen der Examensvorbereitung. Der einprägsame Stil sowie die Darstellung von Fällen mit Lösungen, reichhaltigen Kurzbeispielen, Wiederholungsfragen und Übersichten veranschaulichen den Lernstoff.
Gestaltungsräume des Gesetzgebers bei der Optimierung der Rechtsstellung der Pflegefamilie
Authors: List Hans Christian
Published: October 2022

When children live with a foster family, it is difficult to assess whether a return to the parents of origin will be successful. Foster parents become the social parents, but because of their limited legal status, they cannot provide care that meets the needs of the foster children. Optimization of the legal situation can only take place within the constitutional rights of parents, children and foster parents. This dissertation identifies where the legal situation should be optimized and what constitutional limitations are set for the legislator.
Die Staatsferne der Aufsicht des öffentlich-rechtlichen Fernsehens – de jure und de facto
Authors: Alinsky Romy
Published: October 2022

In a combination of legal dogmatics, empiricism, and comparison related to both, a dissertation has emerged that breaks new ground - in search of "truth," as science should. The central question is: What influence does politics have on public television - de jure and de facto? In order to answer this question, the internal independence of the members of the supervisory bodies at ZDF, BBC and NHK will be examined in connection with the state neutrality of the broadcasters and it will be shown for Germany where the limits and possibilities of state regulatory power lie. For this purpose, the theories of party democracy in Germany and Böckenförde's democratic ethos are examined in more detail and reform proposals are made.
O autoritarismo no trabalho do professor e as implicações para o ensino de literatura
Authors: Santos Juliana de Oliveira
Published: October 2022

Resumo: Este trabalho pretende abordar algumas concepções de ensino de literatura, estabelecendo um paralelo entre a imagem do professor e o ensino que esse professor oferece. Ou seja, a partir da concepção do senso comum de professor ideal – com o pensamento lógico, linear e sem nenhum tipo de fragmentação – o ensino de literatura feito de modo historicista e baseado em estilos de época (e portanto, também linear) torna-se um reflexo dessa imagem do professor como detentor do saber e como reprodutor de mecanismos autoritários de ensino. Desta forma, o trabalho com o texto literário em sala de aula, que tem um potencial transformador pelo aspecto polissêmico desses textos e por possibilitar reflexão crítica, se configura de forma oposta por conta das implicações políticas e sociais que são estabelecidas ao ensino e ao aluno que esse ensino pretende formar. Palavras-chave: Ensino de literatura; Literatura e autoritarismo; Literatura e sociedade. Abstract: This paper aims to analyze some of the conceptions of the literature teaching in addition to establish a parallel between the ideal image of the teacher and the actual information that this professional delivers to his students. Based on the common sense ideal of the teacher's image – who ideally holds the linear logical and solid method of thinking – the literature teaching performed in a historicist (a linear method) becomes itself a reflection of the concepts of “teacher as the knowledge owner” and "teacher as transmitter of authoritarian mechanisms of education". Thus, literary texts imply transformative potential due to its polysemic aspects and openness to generate critical reflection. However, in practice, that potential is not entirely achieved due to the political and social implications that are inherit to this education method and up being also transmitted to the students that intend to graduate. Keywords: Teaching of literature; Literature and authoritarianism; Literature and society.
O autoritarismo exposto na literatura cubana
Authors: Barzotto Leoné Astride
Published: October 2022

A presente investigação almeja demonstrar como a literatura contemporânea consegue derrubar inúmeras barreiras socioculturais e expor, ao mesmo tempo em que representa, determinadas realidades; neste caso, a condição do autoritarismo em Cuba, sobretudo aquele vivenciado a partir da decadência da revolução e da queda da União Soviética. Para cumprir tal objetivo, dois romances serão analisados: Dreaming in Cuban (1992), da escritora cubano-americana Cristina García e Nunca fui primeira dama (2010), da escritora cubana Wendy Guerra. Com base na perspectiva de denúncia que ambos apresentam, busca-se verificar como o autoritarismo surge exposto no texto literário dessas duas escritoras que, nos âmbitos pessoais e familiares, testemunharam e sofreram as consequências da Revolução Cubana.
Violencia y humor en el cine del guatemalteco Chofo Espinosa
Authors: Medina Manuel
Published: October 2022

Este ensayo propone que en Prohibido robar rosas (2008), Aquí me quedo (2010) y Pol: una aventura en la USAC (2014) el director Rodolfo Espinosa deambula por la tenue línea divisoria que separa el límite del entretenimiento que representa la violencia cruda del perspectiva del humor de tales situaciones y estimula una reflexión sobre el aumento de la criminalidad que afecta a Guatemala desde una perspectiva diferente a las obras que tratan los asesinatos, secuestros y robos con la seriedad habitual. Se utiliza un marco teórico que combina el valor estético de la representación de la violencia en el cine de Margaret Bruder y los de E. M. Dadlez y Steven Salaita en su estudio de la relación entre violencia y humor.
Literatura e outras artes em tempos de autoritarismo: aproximações e transições culturais
Authors: Santos Rosana Cristina Zanelatto , Enedino Wagner Corsino
Published: October 2022

A proposta que norteou a organização deste Dossiê foi trazer a público artigos que se debruçassem sobre modos de elaboração artístico-formais capazes de refletir acerca da memória de/em períodos de exceção, tendo como ponto de partida a matéria ficcional cujo conteúdo diegético sugere, metaforicamente, por meio dos diálogos das personagens e do encadeamento do enredo, situações de impotência frente à brutalidade de regimes e de circunstâncias autoritárias. Sem desvincular a obra da história social e política sobre a qual se pronuncia, sem esquecer o diálogo que ela mantém com seu contexto de produção e, pois, com sua autoria, as/os pesquisadoras/es reunidas/os neste número buscaram analisá-la e interpretá-la segundo o projeto estético de cada produtor/a.
Practical approach to assessment of effectiveness and efficiency of management systems for occupational safety
Authors: Nikulin A.N. , Mrackova E. , Brovchenko I.V. , Samarin D.O. , Kudinov V.V.
Published: October 2022

The main purpose of the research was development of a method-based approach and software for the assessment of the effectiveness and efficiency of OSH management system in the company through a predictive model for the assessment of the correlation of an accident risk and generalized desirability indicator based on Harrington function. OSH management system status in a company is proposed to be assessed using mathematical methods for the processing of individual indicators and calculating generalized desirability indicator based on Harrington "desirability curve". It is proposed to use an expert approach in order to determine individual indicators and assess their weight. It is suggested that such mathematical values as additive synthesizing function, weighted arithmetic mean, multiplicative synthesizing function, weighted geometric mean, should be calculated in "E2" software. A methodology approach was developed involving mathematical processing of data in various source formats (shares, per cent, numbers, and words) so that Harrington "desirability curve" can be used to assess OSH management system effectiveness and efficacy in the company. A C# software code was developed to import and export Microsoft Excel data which significantly simplifies software use. A predictive model was developed showing the correlation between a professional accident risk value and generalized desirability indicator.
Onomastic Staples of Boris Akunin's Prosaic Supercycles
Authors: Shuiskaya Yuliya Viktorovna , Borunov Artem Borisovich , Gereikhanova Kamilla Fezameddinovna , Pogodina Yuliya Yur'evna
Published: October 2022

The subject of the study is the onomastic code as a tool for playing with the reader based on the corpus of works by the modern Russian writer B. Akunin and his "author's masks" (Anatoly Brusnikin and Anna Borisova). The object of the research is the use of distortion and change of proper names as a principle of the organization of cycles and supercycles, as well as the vector of the formation of the literary reputation of the author. The authors consider in detail such aspects of the topic as deformation and voluntary change of name / surname, characteristic of the central and secondary characters of the studied corpus of texts. Special attention is paid to the motive of playing with the reader using onomastics as a tool for creating the literary reputation of the author.   The main conclusions of the study are: highlighting the principle of onomastic play as end-to-end for the entire work of the modern writer B. Akunin, as well as substantiating the implicit meanings of using this principle in the framework text of works. A special contribution of the authors to the study of the topic is the formulation of the directions of diversification of the motif of the onomastic game and the description of the "opening of the text" and reaching another level of the game with the reader. The novelty of the research lies in the comparison through the prism of cyclical bonds of several literary universes of the same author, which were previously considered as independent projects and were not considered in a single coordinate system.
Variantes de la vibrante múltiple en el español de Puerto Rico: percepciones y actitudes
Authors: Medina-Rivera Antonio , Valentín-Márquez Wilfredo
Published: October 2022

La mayoría de los estudios fonológicos sobre la vibrante múltiple en el español de Puerto Rico se enfocan en la descripción de las variantes frontales y dorsales, el análisis de su producción basado en la percepción auditiva del investigador y las actitudes de los hablantes puertorriqueños hacia las variantes dorsales. En este estudio se examina la percepción de 80 hablantes puertorriqueños y latinoamericanos hacia las variantes dorsales y su capacidad auditiva para reconocer la diferencia entre las variantes.  Se seleccionaron 10 muestras orales en contexto (de 2 a 5 segundos cada una), tomadas de la comedia en línea Titi Gandinga. Cada muestra contenía un caso de la vibrante múltiple, con producción frontal o dorsal y pasó por la evaluación de 5 lingüistas especializados en el español de Puerto Rico, los cuales coincidieron totalmente con nuestras evaluaciones. Cada muestra se sometió al análisis espectrográfico. Se les pidió a los participantes del estudio que escucharan las muestras y que indicaran en un cuestionario si el sonido producido para las letras marcadas (r inicial o doble r) en una palabra de cada muestra les resultaba aceptable o no aceptable. Los participantes provienen de dos comunidades hispanas mayoritariamente puertorriqueñas: una en la zona metropolitana de Cleveland, Ohio y la otra de Lancaster, Pensilvania. Tomando en cuenta los juicios de aceptabilidad y las respuestas de los participantes a una serie de preguntas del cuestionario, analizamos las percepciones que tienen estos hablantes de los sonidos en cuestión y sus actitudes hacia el español de Puerto Rico.
El español de la zona cafetalera de Puerto Rico y sus narrativas orales como expresión identitaria
Authors: Oliver Rajan Julia
Published: October 2022

Es común oír en los pueblos costeros de Puerto Rico que un ejemplo del habla campestre o jíbara es “La genti di Laris toma lechi di puti” (La gente de Lares toma leche de pote). Lares, un pueblo rural situado en las montañas al oeste de la isla, tiene como rasgo fonológico el ascenso vocálico de las vocales medias /e/ y /o/. Este fenómeno se encuentra en casi toda la zona cafetalera del oeste, y las personas que tienen este rasgo sufren discriminación lingüística al emigrar a las municipalidades costeras o áreas metropolitanas. A pesar de eso, las comunidades caficultoras gozan de un vasto léxico, expresiones centenarias, historias y memorias que son un patrimonio cultural. El estudio analiza varias historias orales de cuatro participantes del archivo digital Coffee Zone: Del cafetal al futuro. El análisis se hace en un contexto cultural integrado a un marco lingüístico, psicológico y sociológico transdisciplinario. El estudio contribuye al conocimiento y al entendimiento de las narrativas orales como expresión identitaria y comunitaria. Las narrativas identitarias individuales reflejan el viaje histórico-cultural de esta zona y la cohesión social que ha creado la industria del café en Puerto Rico.

Palabras claves: el español de Puerto Rico, narrativas identitarias, ascenso vocálico
El español de Puerto Rico en el siglo XXI: nuevos acercamientos lingüísticos y socioculturales
Authors: Sessarego Sandro , Jiménez Baralt Rafel , Arias Quintero Irene , González Rivera Melvin
Published: October 2022

Este trabajo presenta el conjunto de artículos que constituyen este número monográfico.
Characteristics of the Farmers Using the Private Bio-Fertilizers
Authors: Rakesh Karravula , Naik R. M.
Published: October 2022

In a nutshell, Bio-fertilizers provides "eco-friendly" organic agro-input which has the ability to convert nutritionally important elements from unavailable to available form through biological processes. The present study was conducted at Navsari district of South Gujarat. Total 120 respondents were selected through simple random sampling for the study. Ex-post facto research design was used for the study. The present study was conducted to study the various personal, socio-economic, Communicational and Psychological Characteristics of the farmers using of private bio-fertilizers. The result of the study revealed that majority of the respondents belonged to middle age groups with secondary level of education, were male, had small family, and had farming as their major occupation, they had medium land holding, possessed medium farming experience, and belonged to medium annual income with moderate mass media exposure and medium extension contact with membership in one organization. Further, higher scientific orientation, and moderate risk orientation, economic motivation, and had moderate management orientation too.
A Theoretical Study on the Information Theoretic Inequalities and Fisher-Shannon Product of a Free Particle
Authors: Singh Sudin
Published: October 2022

In this article, the plane wave solution for a free particle in three dimensions is considered and the wave function is normalized in an arbitrarily large but finite cube. The momentum space wave function is obtained by taking the Fourier transform of the coordinate space wave function. The probability densities are employed to compute the numerical values of the information theoretic quantities such as Shannon information entropy (S), Fisher information entropy (I), Shannon power (J) and the Fisher–Shannon product (P) both in coordinate and momentum spaces for different values of the length (L) of the cubical box. Numerical values so found satisfy the Beckner, Bialynicki-Birula and Myceilski (BBM) inequality relation; Stam-Cramer-Rao inequalities (better known as the Fisher based uncertainty relation) and Fisher-Shannon product relation. This establishes the validity of the information theoretic inequalities in respect of the motion of a free particle.
The System of Motor Vehicle Engine Racing Limit Control System Based on Oil Condition Level Based on ATmega328 Microcontroller
Authors: Hidayat Dwi Rahmat , Gunawan Anak Agung Ngurah , Suardana Putu
Published: October 2022

Research has been carried out for the manufacture of a motor vehicle engine speed limit controller based on the level of oil condition based on the ATMega328 microcontroller. The method used is to read the pressure at different temperatures and certain rotations, if the pressure is too low then the program will determine that the oil condition is bad or it is time to change it, when the oil or lubricant has been determined that the condition is bad then the indicator light will light up. and the maximum engine speed limit will be cut to 6000 rpm so that the engine will not be able to be used for rotations above 6000 rpm. Cutting the engine speed limit has the aim of preventing the engine from being forced to work at too high a speed when the oil is in bad condition so that the engine components will last longer, besides that the indicator also serves as a reminder that it is time for the vehicle to need an oil change.
Analysis of Transverse Loading on a Beam Utilizing the Beltrami-Michell Equations
Authors: Guido Nathan A. , Li Luo , Khraishi Tariq
Published: October 2022

The stress field of a beam with a circular cross-section have been developed in the current work. One end of the beam is fixed while the other end is under traverse load at its center. The Beltrami-Michell compatibility equations were utilized to obtain coefficients in an assumed stress function which can be used to derive the stress field. To visualize the stress distribution in the beam, one can use MATLAB to generate surface plots and contour plots for the developed stress field. According to the plots, the maximum  can be found at the center area of the cross-section while the minimum  is captured at the same area. The maximum shear stress in the section occurs at points along the perimeter of the section. Moreover, the goal of this paper is to prove that any stress function with higher order terms always converge to the same stress solution for the beam utilizing lower order terms.
Interventions Associated With Reduced Loneliness and Social Isolation in Older Adults
Authors: Hoang Peter , King James A. , Moore Sarah , Moore Kim , Reich Krista , Sidhu Harman , Tan Chin Vern , Whaley Colin , McMillan Jacqueline
Published: October 2022

Importance

Loneliness and social isolation are public health concerns faced by older adults due to physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes that develop with aging. Loneliness and social isolation are associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

Objective

To evaluate interventions, targeting older adults, associated with a reduction in loneliness and social isolation.

Data Sources

OVID, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Embase, PsychINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from inception to March 2020.

Study Selection

Peer-reviewed randomized clinical trials measuring loneliness and social isolation or support in adults aged 65 years or older. Only English language articles were included.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Two independent reviewers screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. Random-effects models were performed to pool the overall effect size by intervention. Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated with the I2 statistic and by estimating prediction intervals. Data were analyzed from November 2021 to September 2022.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Quantitative measures of loneliness, social isolation, or social support based on an effect size of standardized mean differences.

Results

Seventy studies were included in the systematic review (8259 participants); 44 studies were included in the loneliness meta-analysis (33 in the community with 3535 participants; 11 in long-term care with 1057 participants), with participants’ ages ranging from 55 to 100 years. Study sizes ranged from 8 to 741 participants. Interventions included animal therapy, psychotherapy or cognitive behavioral therapy, multicomponent, counseling, exercise, music therapy, occupational therapy, reminiscence therapy, social interventions, and technological interventions. Most interventions had a small effect size. Animal therapy in long-term care, when accounting for studies with no active controls, had the largest effect size on loneliness reduction (−1.86; 95% CI, −3.14 to −0.59; I2 = 86%) followed by technological interventions (videoconferencing) in long-term care (−1.40; 95% CI, −2.37 to −0.44; I2 = 70%).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this study, animal therapy and technology in long-term care had large effect sizes, but also high heterogeneity, so the effect size’s magnitude should be interpreted with caution. The small number of studies per intervention limits conclusions on sources of heterogeneity. Overall quality of evidence was very low. Future studies should consider measures of social isolation in long-term care and identify the contextual components that are associated with a reduction in loneliness.
Association of Muscle-Strengthening and Aerobic Physical Activity With Mortality in US Adults Aged 65 Years or Older
Authors: Webber Bryant J. , Piercy Katrina L. , Hyde Eric T. , Whitfield Geoffrey P.
Published: October 2022

This cohort study uses national data to explore the dose-response association between guideline-recommended physical activity and mortality in older adults.
Development of a Pediatric Blood Pressure Percentile Tool for Clinical Decision Support
Authors: Martin Blake , DeWitt Peter E. , Albers David , Bennett Tellen D.
Published: October 2022

This diagnostic study assesses the ability of a pediatric blood pressure percentile tool to accelerate identification of children with hypertension and hypotension by clinicians and researchers.
Incidence of Kawasaki Disease Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan
Authors: Ae Ryusuke , Makino Nobuko , Kuwabara Masanari , Matsubara Yuri , Kosami Koki , Sasahara Teppei , Nakamura Yosikazu
Published: October 2022

Importance

Global studies have reported that the incidence of Kawasaki disease (KD) declined during the COVID-19 pandemic. These studies suggest that the global pandemic and its accompanying mitigation measures may provide an important opportunity to explore the hypothesis of a KD pathogenesis.

Objective

To compare changes in KD incidence in Japan before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study was conducted using the data set from Japan’s 26th nationwide KD survey that obtained information on patients who were diagnosed with KD in Japan from January 1, 2019, through December 31, 2020.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Kawasaki disease incidence rates were calculated by referring to the national population data in the vital statistics data for Japan.

Results

A total of 28 520 patients were identified (16 236 male individuals [56.9%]; median [IQR] age, 26 [14-44] months). A total of 17 347 patients were diagnosed with KD in 2019 and 11 173 were diagnosed in 2020, representing a 35.6% reduction in the number of patients diagnosed in 2020 compared with the previous year. Patient distributions for days of illness at the first hospital visit were almost identical in 2019 and 2020, suggesting that the decrease in KD incidence likely was not associated with pandemic-related delays in seeking treatment. The proportion of patients diagnosed with KD who were younger than 12 months was significantly larger in 2020 than in 2019 (21.6% vs 19.4%; P < .001). Compared with KD incidence among younger patients, the incidence among those 24 months and older declined rapidly after initiation of COVID-19 special mitigation measures, with a greater percentage reduction (58.3% reduction in July), but rebounded faster after the end of the special mitigation period. By contrast, the incidence among patients younger than 12 months declined moderately after the initiation of the special mitigation period, with a lower percentage reduction (40.3% reduction in October), and rebounded at a later phase.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study, the number of patients diagnosed with KD decreased by approximately one-third across Japan in 2020, with no indication that parents avoided a hospital visit. Differences in KD incidence reduction patterns before and after the initiation of COVID-19 pandemic mitigation measures were found in patients with KD aged younger than 12 months compared with those 24 months or older, suggesting a potential KD pathogenesis involving transmission among children.
Popular epistemically unwarranted beliefs inventory (PEUBI): A psychometric instrument for assessing paranormal, pseudoscientific and conspiracy beliefs
Authors: Huete‐Pérez Daniel , Morales‐Vives Fabia , Gavilán José M. , Boada Roger , Haro Juan
Published: October 2022

Studying epistemically unwarranted beliefs (EUB) is relevant at basic, applied, and social levels. However, EUB scales validated in Spain are scare. Consequently, we aimed to develop and validate a scale of this kind. One thousand four hundred and sixty participants answered to a preliminary version of the questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed the final form of PEUBI: a 36‐item instrument with five related factors (Superstitions, Occultism and Pseudoscience, Traditional Religion, Extraordinary Life Forms, and Conspiracy Theories). The results showed that the items were little affected by social desirability bias. PEUBI factor scores showed good internal consistency (estimates between .85 and .97), test–retest reliability (estimates between .75 and .93), and convergent‐divergent validity. Sociodemographic differences were also explored, observing lower levels of EUB in men, elders, from pure sciences and technology, and atheists. In conclusion, PEUBI is a valid and reliable psychometric instrument to assess paranormal, pseudoscientific and conspiracy beliefs in Spanish adults.
Identifying Inflammation in Knee Osteoarthritis: Relationship of Synovial Fluid White Blood Cell Count to Effusion‐Synovitis on Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: MacFarlane Lindsey A. , Arant Kaetlyn R. , Kostic Aleksandra M. , Mass Hanna , Jones Morgan H. , Collins Jamie E. , Losina Elena , Katz Jeffrey N.
Published: October 2022

Objective

Inflammation is a potential pain generator and treatment target in knee osteoarthritis (OA). Inflammation can be detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and by synovial fluid white blood cell count (WBC). However, the performance characteristics of synovial fluid WBC for the detection of synovitis have not been established. This study was undertaken to determine the sensitivity and specificity of synovial fluid WBC in identifying inflammation in knee OA using MRI effusion‐synovitis as the gold standard.

Methods

We identified records of patients seen at an academic center with a diagnosis code for knee OA, a procedural code for knee aspiration, and a laboratory order for synovial fluid WBC in the same encounter, as well as an MRI within 12 months of the aspiration. MRIs were read for effusion‐synovitis using the MRI OA Knee Score (MOAKS). We dichotomized effusion‐synovitis as 1) none or small, or 2) medium or large. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of synovial fluid WBC using MRI effusion‐synovitis (medium/large) as the gold standard. We used the Youden index to identify the best cut point.

Results

We included 75 patients. Mean ± SD age was 63 ± 12 years, and 69% were female. The synovial fluid WBC was higher in the medium/large effusion‐synovitis group (median 335 [interquartile range (IQR) 312]) than in the none/small group (median 194 [IQR 272]). The optimal cut point was 242, yielding a sensitivity of 71% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 56–83%) and specificity of 63% (95% CI 41–81%).

Conclusion

The sensitivity and specificity of synovial fluid WBC in identifying effusion‐synovitis on MRI were limited. Further research is needed to better understand the association between MRI and effusion‐synovitis measured by synovial fluid and to determine which measure more strongly relates to synovial histopathology and patient outcomes.
Liquid–Liquid Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Harvesting Distributed Energy
Authors: Zhang Ruotong , Lin Haisong , Pan Yi , Li Chang , Yang Zhenyu , Tian Jingxuan , Shum Ho Cheung
Published: October 2022

As one of the most widely distributed water resources, rainwater contains tremendous energy that cannot be effectively utilized by the conventional electromagnetic generators. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) represent a distributed method to convert trivial mechanical energy into electricity based on contact electrification. Benefiting from the large and replenishable contact interfaces in liquid–liquid systems, liquid–liquid TENG further promises efficient charge transfer. However, the limited understanding of liquid–liquid contact electrification has restricted its development. In this study, the mechanisms of contact electrification in various liquid–liquid systems is comprehensively investigated and thus a liquid–liquid TENG with optimized materials and structures to harvest energy from rainwater is demonstrated. The proposed liquid–liquid TENG generates a high charge density (3.63 µC L−1) with high output stability (crest factor ≈1.1) and long effective contact electrification time. Based on the direct current characteristics, energy harvested from rainwater can be fed directly to electronic devices and a self‐powered rainfall sensor can also be implemented. This study highlights the promise of all‐liquid systems in distributed green energy and passive sensors, offering a new perspective on self‐powered devices.
Selective Area Growth of PbTe Nanowire Networks on InP
Authors: Jung Jason , Schellingerhout Sander G. , Ritter Markus F. , ten Kate Sofieke C. , van der Molen Orson A.H. , de Loijer Sem , Verheijen Marcel A. , Riel Heike , Nichele Fabrizio , Bakkers Erik P.A.M.
Published: October 2022

Hybrid semiconductor–superconductor nanowires are promising candidates as quantum information processing devices. The need for scalability and complex designs calls for the development of selective area growth techniques. Here, the growth of large scale lead telluride (PbTe) networks is introduced by molecular beam epitaxy. The group IV‐VI lead‐salt semiconductor is an attractive material choice due to its large dielectric constant, strong spin‐orbit coupling, and high carrier mobility. A crystal re‐orientation process during the initial growth stages leads to single crystalline nanowire networks despite a large lattice mismatch, different crystal structure, and diverging thermal expansion coefficient to the indium phosphide (InP) substrate. The high quality of the resulting material is confirmed by Hall bar measurements, indicating mobilities up to 5600 cm2 (Vs)−1, and Aharonov–Bohm experiments, indicating a low‐temperature phase coherence length exceeding 21 µm. Together, these properties show the high potential of the system as a basis for topological networks.
All‐Ceramic Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvester
Authors: Liu Yang , Ding Libo , Dai Le , Gao Xuan , Wu Hanzhou , Wang Shuhao , Zhuang Chenggang , Cai Ling , Liu Zhen , Liu Lisha , Zhang Ji , Wang Yaojin
Published: October 2022

With the rapid development of self‐powered electronics such as wearables, implantable devices, and sensor networks, there is an increasing demand for power sources that have a high power density and a long lifespan to keep the entire system operational. Flexible piezoelectric materials with the capability of mechanical‐to‐electrical energy conversion have attracted significant interest because of their immense potential for harvesting human biomechanical energy. Herein, 3 mol.% yttrium stabilized zirconia ribbon ceramic is selected as a unique substrate to manufacture a large‐scale and all‐ceramic flexible Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 piezoelectric energy harvester via the cost‐effective one‐step process. The flexible piezoelectric energy harvester delivers excellent performance with an open‐circuit voltage of ~105 V and short‐circuit current of ~0.58 µA under mechanical strain equivalent to human movement. Moreover, the output voltage of a flexible piezoelectric energy harvester varies linearly with strain, allowing it a promising candidate as a self‐powered strain sensor. Of particular importance is that a large‐scale piezoelectric energy harvester (4 × 4 cm2) can simultaneously light up eight commercial light emitting diodes without any external power source and circuit. This research provides an innovative approach to the fabrication of high‐performance and large‐scale flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters as well as self‐powered micromechanical devices.