Taxonomic notes on Neotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera)
Authors: ZHANG JING , DOLIBAINA DIEGO R. , CONG QIAN , SHEN JINHUI , SONG LEINA , MIELKE CARLOS G. C. , CASAGRANDE MIRNA M. , MIELKE OLAF H. H. , GRISHIN NICK V. 
Published: April 2023

Genomic sequencing (or morphology when indicated) and analysis of Hesperiidae that includes a number of primary type specimens reveals inconsistencies between the phylogenetic trees and the current classification that are resolved here. The following taxonomic changes are proposed. Oeonus Godman, 1900, stat. nov. is a subgenus of Oxynthes Godman, 1900. Decinea lydora (Plötz, 1882), stat. rev. is a valid species, not a synonym of Lindra neroides (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869), comb. nov. The following are: species-level taxa, not subspecies: Cabirus junta Evans, 1952, stat. nov. and Cabirus purda Evans, 1952, stat. nov. (not Cabirus procas (Cramer, 1777)), Orthos hyalinus (E. Bell, 1930), stat. rest. and Orthos minka Evans, 1955, stat. nov. (not Orthos orthos (Godman, 1900)), Eprius obrepta (Kivirikko, 1936), stat. rest. (not Eprius veleda (Godman, 1901)), Corra catargyra (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867), stat. rest. and Corra conka (Evans, 1955), stat. nov. (not Corra coryna (Hewitson, 1866)), Cymaenes macintyrei Hayward, 1939, stat. rest. (not Cymaenes tripunctata (Latreille, [1824])), Duroca lenta (Evans, 1955), stat. rest. (not Duroca duroca Plötz, 1882), Oarisma (Copaeodes) favor (Evans, 1955), stat. nov. (not Oarisma (Copaeodes) jean (Evans, 1955)), Panoquina eugeon (Godman & Salvin, 1896), stat. rest., Panoquina calna Evans, 1955, stat. nov. and Panoquina albistriga O. Mielke, 1980, stat. nov. (not Panoquina panoquinoides (Skinner, 1891)); subspecies-level taxa, not species: Carystus elvira rufoventris Austin & O. Mielke, 2007, stat. nov.; junior subjective synonyms: Bungalotis gagarini O. Mielke, 1967, syn. nov. of Bungalotis corentinus (Plötz, 1882), Salantoia dinka (Evans, 1952), syn. nov. of Adina adrastor (Mabille and Boullet, 1912), Lindra brasus ackeryi O. Mielke, 1978, stat. nov. of Lindra neroides neroides (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) (but Lindra brasus (O. Mielke, 1968) is still a valid species), Vidius felus O. Mielke, 1968, syn. nov. of Vidius dagon (Evans, 1955), comb. nov., and Cobalopsis dorpa de Jong, 1983, syn. nov. of Vidius catocala (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869), comb. nov.; new genus-species combinations: Oxynthes (Oxynthes) egma (Evans, 1955), comb. nov. (not Oeonus Godman, 1900), Lindra neroides (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869), comb. nov. (not Decinea Evans, 1955), Mucia rusta (Evans, 1955), comb. nov. (not Psoralis Mabille, 1904), Rhomba mirnae (Siewert, Nakamura & O. Mielke, 2014), comb. nov. (not Alychna Grishin, 2019), Eprius planus (Weeks, 1901), comb. nov. and Eprius penna (Evans, 1955), comb. nov. (changed based on morphology) (not Mnasicles Godman, 1901), Lattus minor (O. Mielke, 1967), comb. nov. (not Eutocus Godman, 1901), Panca fiedleri (Carneiro, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015), comb. nov., Eutocus rogan (Evans, 1955), comb. nov. (changed based on morphology and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) DNA barcode) and Eutocus brasilia (Carneiro, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015), comb. nov. (not Ginungagapus Carneiro, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015), Eutocus fosca (Evans, 1955), comb. nov. (not Artines Godman, 1901), Rectava cascatona (O. Mielke, 1992), comb. nov. (not Papias Godman, 1900), Lurida zama (Hayward, 1939), comb. nov. and Vehilius campestris (O. Mielke, 1980), comb. nov. (not Cymaenes Scudder, 1872), Corra xanthus (O. Mielke, 1989), comb. nov., Cymaenes catarinae (O. Mielke, 1989), comb. nov., Vehilius spitzi (O. Mielke, 1967), comb. nov., Vehilius tinta (Evans, 1955), comb. nov. (not Vidius Evans, 1955), Cymaenes incomptus (Hayward, 1934), comb. nov. and Vehilius tanta (Evans, 1955), comb. nov. (not Nastra Evans, 1955), Vidius catocala (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869), comb. nov. Vidius cocalus (Hayward, 1939), comb. nov., Vidius dagon (Evans, 1955), and Vidius obscurior (Hayward, 1934), comb. nov. (not Cobalopsis Godman, 1900), Duroca caraca (O. Mielke, 1992), comb. nov. (not Lerema Scudder, 1872), and Cantha eteocla (Plötz, 1882), comb. nov. and Cantha buriti (O. Mielke, 1968), comb. nov. (not Phlebodes Hübner, [1819]); and new species-subspecies combinations: Lindra neroides huxleyi O. Mielke, 1978, comb. nov. (not Lindra brasus (O. Mielke, 1968)), Corra conka argentus (H. Freeman, 1969), stat. nov. (not Corra coryna (Hewitson, 1866)), Panoquina eugeon minima de Jong, 1983, comb. nov. (not Panoquina panoquinoides (Skinner, 1891)). The following neotype and lectotypes are designated to ensure nomenclatural identity and stability: neotype of Cobalus neroides Herrich-Schäffer, 1869 and lectotypes of Cobalus catocala Herrich-Schäffer, 1869 and Lerema elgina Schaus, 1902.