bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary Closure or Delayed Primary Closure? Assessment of Optimum Management of Surgical Wounds for Perforated Appendicitis
Authors: Fuad Muqdad , Modher Ahmed
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Open appendectomy is the treatment of choice for perforated appendicitis. Perforated appendicitis is associated with a 15–20% risk of developing post-operative wound infection, which the later associated with increased morbidity as increasing post-operative pain, longer hospital stay, suppurative wounds, patient dissatisfaction and increase cost of treatment. Some literatures revealed inconsistent results related to the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) between delayed primary closures (DPC) and primary closure (PC) in open appendectomy for perforated appendicitis. AIM: The objective of the study is to define the best practice of wound management in patients operated on for perforated appendicitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty patients having perforated appendicitis underwent open appendectomy enrolled in the study. The patients were randomly grouped according to the method of managing the surgical incisions into two groups; patients with their incisions closed primarily (PC) and those with their incisions left open to be frequently dressed for 5 days with Betadine-soaked gauze packing till it become clean then closed (DPC). An infected wound was assigned as such if purulent discharge yielded from the incision site. Results to be addressed were the incidence of SSI and the hospitalization length. RESULTS: Out of the total 120 patients, 19.17 % developed SSI following closure of the incision. Patients managed by PC revealed higher rate of SSI than DPC group (32.8% vs. 5.1%, p < 0.001) and longer hospitalization (8.3 vs. 6.4 days, with a p < 5%). CONCLUSION: DPC is preferred policy over PC when managing an open appendicectomy wounds for perforated appendicitis, as the former is associated with low incidence of wound infection and shorter hospitalization.
Chlorophyll fluorescence changes, as plant early state indicator under different water salinity regimes' on invasive macrophyte Elodea canadensis (Michx., 1803).
Authors: Petjukevics Aleksandrs , Skute Natalja
Published: February 2022

Photosynthetic apparatus analysis provides information about the physiological state of plants. Changes analyzed by the pulsed chlorophyll-fluorometer allow determining plant cells' metabolites' modifications even at inconsequential cellular damage. It was assessed the possible impact of various salinity levels: 0.584, 1.461, 2.922, and 5.844 PSU (Practical Salinity Unit) on the fluorescent characteristics of the pigment complexes of photosynthetic apparatus on the alien invasive waterweed species (Elodea canadensis (Michx., 1803)) of the most serious concern in Europe. The information about aquatic macrophyte photosynthetic systems: PSI and PSII was obtained. The results indicate that a high salinity level: 2.922 and 5.844 PSU, after a prolonged time of impact, seriously affect photosynthetic apparatus inhibition. The decrease in ∆Fv/Fm΄ values at 2.922 and 5.844 PSU indicates deterioration in macrophytes' physiological state in general. In the post-stress period, photosynthesis intensified. The interesting feature was noted, that a small water salinity level (0.584) stimulates the chlorophyll formation and increases the FvFm index.The research revealed the dependence of photosynthesis processes in plants on salinity levels. A rapid increase in the sensitivity of the PS II system of submerged macrophytes to high salinity was detected, which probably is related to the inhibition of protein synthesis. This data provides information for the further bio-diagnostics of the plant's overall condition and prediction of the exposure degree and the possibility of developing forecasts of growth and invasive plant distribution.
Qualitative properties of zero-current ionic flows via Poisson-Nernst-Planck systems with nonuniform ion sizes
Authors: Zhang Mingji
Published: February 2022

We consider a one-dimensional Poisson-Nernst-Planck system with two oppositely charged particles and nonuniform finite ion sizes modeled through a local hard-sphere potential. The existence and local uniqueness result is established under the framework of geometric singular perturbation theory. Treating the fi- nite ion size as a small parameter, through regular perturbation analysis, we are able to derive approximations of the individual fluxes explicitly, and this allows us to further study the qualitative properties of zero-current ionic flows, a special state among the range of the value for ionic current, which is significant for physiology. Of particular interest are the effects on the zero-current ionic flows from finite ion sizes, diffusion coefficients and ion valences. Critical potentials are identified and their important roles played in the study of ionic flow properties are characterized. Those non-intuitive observations from mathematical analysis of the system provide better understandings of the mechanism of ionic flows through membrane channels, particularly the internal dynamics of ionic flows, which cannot be detected via current technology. Numerical simulations are performed to provide more intuitive illustrations of the analytical results.
Control problems with vanishing Lie Bracket arising from complete odd circulant evolutionary games
Authors: Griffin Christopher , Fan James
Published: February 2022

We study an optimal control problem arising from a generalization of rock-paper-scissors in which the number of strategies may be selected from any positive odd number greater than 1 and in which the payoff to the winner is controlled by a control variable \begin{document}$ \gamma $\end{document}. Using the replicator dynamics as the equations of motion, we show that a quasi-linearization of the problem admits a special optimal control form in which explicit dynamics for the controller can be identified. We show that all optimal controls must satisfy a specific second order differential equation parameterized by the number of strategies in the game. We show that as the number of strategies increases, a limiting case admits a closed form for the open-loop optimal control. In performing our analysis we show necessary conditions on an optimal control problem that allow this analytic approach to function.
A SMOTE-based quadratic surface support vector machine for imbalanced classification with mislabeled information
Authors: Zhai Qianru , Tian Ye , Zhou Jingyue
Published: February 2022

Recently, Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) has been widely used to handle the imbalanced classification. To address the issues of existing benchmark methods, we propose a novel scheme of SMOTE based on the K-means and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set theory to assign proper weights to the existing points and generate new synthetic points from them. Besides, we introduce the state-of-the-art kernel-free fuzzy quadratic surface support vector machine (QSSVM) to do the classification. Finally, the numerical experiments on various artificial and real data sets strongly demonstrate the validity and applicability of our proposed method, especially in the presence of mislabeled information.
Existence fixed-point theorems in the partial $ b $-metric spaces and an application to the boundary value problem
Authors: Anwar Saeed ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Nazam Muhammad , Sulami Hamed H Al , Hussain Aftab , Javed Khalil , Arshad Muhammad ,   Department of Mathematics, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan,   Department of Mathematics, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we prove some results on the Hausdorff partial $ b $-metrics. We prove some new Lemmas regarding convergence of the sequences in the Hausdorff partial b-metric spaces. The obtained results generalize and improve many existing fixed-point results. The examples are given for the explanation of theory. The existence of the solution to the boundary value problem is proved via fixed-point approach.
A particular matrix with exponential form, its inversion and some norms
Authors: Shi Baijuan ,   School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, 710121, ShaanXi, China
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we study a particular $ n\times n $ matrix $ A = [a_{k_{ij}}]^n_{i, j = 1} $ and its Hadamard inverse $ A^{\circ (-1)} $, whose entire elements are exponential form $ a_k = e(\frac{k}{n}) = e^{\frac{2\pi ik}{n}}, $ where $ k_{ij} = \min(i, j)+1 $. We study determinants, leading principal minor and inversions of $ A, $ $ A^{\circ (-1)} $. Then the defined values of Euclidean norms, $ l_p $ norms and spectral norms of these matrices are presented, rather than upper and lower bounds, which are different from other articles.
An en route capacity optimization model based on air traffic control process
Authors: Ren Jie ,   School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China, Qu Shiru , Wang Lili , Wang Yu ,   School of Air Traffic Management, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China
Published: February 2022

In order to resolve the imbalance of demand-capacity and airspace congestion, improve the performance of the en route air traffic management, promote the development of air traffic control automation system in the future, this paper proposes an En route air traffic control process model from the perspective of operation requirements. Taking the minimization of operation time, instantaneous density, maximum lateral displacement and air traffic controllers' workload as the optimization objectives, the commonly used air traffic control instructions such as climb and descent and speed restriction are set as constraints, the algorithm is designed based on the air traffic control scheme, and a complete air traffic control process are modeled which outputs instructions for each aircraft. Finally, the model is applied to a case study in the northwest region of China. The simulation results show that compared with the actual operation process, the total operation time is reduced by 18.6%, the variance of the lateral displacement and the vertical separation are efficiently reduced, and the en route air traffic capacity is improved. The proposed model envisages the following two innovations: (ⅰ) the whole process of air traffic controllers' command is considered in the model, especially the control scheme and different types of instructions, and (ⅱ) the en route historical trajectory data of aircraft is used to as the key parameters of the input data to efficiently yield the acceptable results of the model. By quantifying the operation requirements of air traffic control, this model can also balance the distribution of traffic flow density, reduce the utilization rate of horizontal airspace, alleviate flight conflicts on air routes, and lessen the workload of controllers.
Dynamic risk evaluation method of collapse in the whole construction of shallow buried tunnels and engineering application
Authors: Li Zhiqiang ,   School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China, Wang Sheng , Cao Yupeng , Ding Ruosong ,   School of Civil Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, China,   Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, China,   Shandong Hi-Speed Construction Management Group Co., Ltd, Jinan 250013, China
Published: February 2022

The collapse is the most frequent and harmful geological hazard during the construction of the shallow buried tunnel, which seriously threatens the life and property safety of construction personnel. To realize the process control of collapse in the tunnel construction, a three-stage risk evaluation method of collapse in the whole construction process of shallow tunnels was put forward. Firstly, according to the engineering geology and hydrogeology information obtained in the prospecting stage, a fuzzy model of preliminary risk evaluation based on disaster-pregnant environment factors was proposed to provide a reference for the optimization design of construction and support schemes in the design stage. Secondly, the disaster-pregnant environment factors were corrected based on the obtained information, such as advanced geological forecast and geological sketch, and the disaster-causing factors were introduced. An extension theory model of secondary risk evaluation was established to guide the reasonable excavation and primary support schemes. Finally, the disaster-pregnant and disaster-causing factors were corrected according to the excavation condition, an attribute model of final risk evaluation for the collapse was constructed combined with the mechanical response index of the surrounding rock. Meanwhile, the risk acceptance criteria and construction decision-making method of the collapse in the shallow buried tunnels were formulated to efficiently implement the multi-level risk control of this hazard. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the Huangjiazhuang tunnel of the South Shandong High-Speed Railway. The comparison showed that the evaluation results are highly consistent for these practical situations, which verify the application value of this study for guiding the safe construction of shallow buried tunnels.
Kovidni režim
Authors: Mastnak Tomaž
Published: February 2022

This booklet interprets the Covid regime as the mode of production of a radical social and political change and analyzes some of its key traits. The »Covid regime« is a system of measures for the management of the Covid-19 epidemics. The declared aim of those measures was to protect us from the infection with the virus and to stop its spread. Their strict implementation was supposed to bring us back to »normal life«. The success of the measures, however, has been questionable, and a return to the »old normal« is almost certainly out of the question. The Covid regime is radically transforming society. The measures against Covid hurt society more than the illness the virus causes. Covid regime is a greater threat than the virus itself. The social change carried out through the Covid regime is not only transforming this or that social subsystem, relations among them, and our position within society. It is literally destroying, abolishing, annihilating society itself.
Análisis del modelo de gobernanza del manejo pesquero en Chile: los Comités de Manejo
Authors: Tapia-Jopia Carlos
Published: February 2022

La modificación de la Ley de Pesca en Chile en 2013 incorporó cambios al modelo de gobernanza de la pesca, mediante la creación de una instancia público-privada denominada Comité de manejo, donde participan representantes de los pescadores y de los administradores de las pesquerías. El modelo tiene dos características apropiadas de analizar. Por una parte, el mecanismo de votación con ponderación diferenciada, para elegir a los representantes del sector privado en el comité, lo cual generó distorsiones en el proceso electoral. Por otra parte, la instauración del consenso como el mecanismo base para los acuerdos del comité. En este trabajo, se analizan estas medidas y su impacto en el funcionamiento de los comités de manejo.
La ley de descarte en Chile. Revisión comparada y análisis de su implementación
Authors: Araya Andrea , Bernal Claudio , Gertosio Alejandro , Palta Elizabeth , Tapia-Jopia Carlos , Trejo Paolo
Published: February 2022

Chile, inició el tratamiento del descarte con un enfoque progresivo e integrador a partir de la modificación de la ley de pesca el año 2012. La problemática del descarte surge como una práctica que tiene múltiples forzantes que incluyen factores económicos, operacionales y normativos. Los modelos de reducción del descarte revisados (Islandia, Noruega, Nueva Zelanda, Islas Faroe y Unión Europea) destacan por la flexibilidad con que se enfrenta el diseño de soluciones, para el manejo y el tratamiento de la captura no-deseada, esta última como resultado posterior a la implementación de todos los esfuerzos para su reducción. Situación que contrasta con la rigidez del modelo chileno. No obstante, en el modelo chileno se debe destacar la incorporación de un completo set de herramientas tecnológicas y de un programa de investigación del descarte, iniciado antes de la formulación del plan de reducción, el que continúa en ejecución enfocado en el monitoreo del plan. La implementación de las regulaciones del descarte en Chile, logró una disminución del descarte en la mayoría de las pesquerías con planes de reducción del mismo, contribuyendo al uso sustentable de los recursos marinos y al resguardo de sus ecosistemas.
Vulnérabilité des ménages et sentiment de déclassement social : l’adoption de comportements écologiques peut-elle contribuer à satisfaire les motivations identitaires dans un contexte territorialisé ?
Authors: Gombert-Courvoisier Sandrine , Ballesta Olivier , Carimentrand Aurélie , Ribeyre Francis , Causse Elsa , Delerue Florian , Félonneau Marie-Line , Rioche Geoffrey
Published: February 2022

L’étude porte sur trois territoires de Gironde (France), situés le long d’un gradient d’urbanisation : la métropole de Bordeaux, le territoire périurbain du Créonnais et le territoire rural du Pays Foyen. Un diagnostic cartographique comparatif a été effectué à partir d’indicateurs socio-démographiques et économiques empruntés aux bases de données publiques (INSEE) pour caractériser les vulnérabilités territoriales et faire émerger des perturbateurs potentiels de la qualité de vie des personnes. Une enquête par questionnaire a aussi été réalisée (n=285 répondants) pour : i) identifier quels perturbateurs semblaient les plus problématiques en fonction des territoires, ii) mesurer le sentiment de déclassement social des répondants et vérifier s’il était en partie déterminé par les perturbateurs et perçu différemment en fonction des territoires, iii) caractériser les comportements écologiques pratiqués et vérifier si leur adoption contribuait à satisfaire les motivations identitaires. L’objectif de cette étude est de vérifier si des changements de comportements vers des pratiques plus écologiques peuvent représenter des supports d’estime personnelle et ainsi contribuer à atténuer le sentiment de déclassement social des personnes vulnérables qui les adoptent.
The Relation of Motivation Factors for Online Games With Personality Disorders, Addiction, Shyness, and Loneliness in Kuwait
Authors: Abbas Hasan
Published: February 2022

Drawing on the self-development theory (SDT), this study examines the relation between the factors that motivate online gaming and the effects of addiction, shyness, and loneliness. The authors have modified the SDT theory by adding intrinsic and extrinsic factors to measure the degree of its effect on addiction in online gaming settings. Next, they develop a special instrument to measure gamers' experience and their level of addiction. The sample is 671 online gamers who participated in an online survey. A confirmatory factor analysis and structured equation modeling tests are conducted to identify reliable factors and the goodness of fit of the research model. The findings show that the effect of addiction on shyness and loneliness is minor. Furthermore, loneliness is affected mostly by anxiety of others. In addition, the challenge of meeting the goals of gaming has the greatest effect on addiction. The study offers important implications for decision makers among family members such as parents and among society in general such as policy makers to avoid the side effects of online gaming.
Mobility and Learning Through Tourism
Authors: Daimon Takayuki
Published: February 2022

The perspective of mobile learning research has transitioned from using mobile technology for education to learning as a human and non-human practice surrounding mobility. This study exemplifies tourism in an increasingly mobile society as a mobile learning practice. Specifically, the learning of children during family travels and the mutual organization of human and non-human interactions are emphasized. Interviews with 12 Japanese parents revealed that children's touristic learning encompassed the translation of various actors in tourist destinations and the spatiotemporal creation of a knowledge network different than that of settled areas and textbooks. Family tourism suspended cultural norms by moving children to boundaries, enabling them to learn beyond the usual constraints. Moreover, this article contends that children's learning through tourism comprised negotiations with parents before tourism, accidental learning along the way, and reconfiguration of life afterward.
Recycling of Conditioned Alum Sludge Use as an Adsorbent for Decolorization of Effluents From the Textile Industry
Authors: Tayeb Aghareed , Abdelmoez Wael , Farouq Rania , Gedawy Hend
Published: February 2022

Alum sludge from Kedwan station in Minia, Egypt conditioned with lime +ferric chloride mixture was utilized to adsorb Methylene Blue dye (MB). In this study, groups of batch experiments were designed to explore Equilibrium adsorption of MB onto the alum sludge. The percentage dye removal using alum sludge was 87.5% and the maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 67.94 (mgdye/galum sludge). With regard to adsorption capacity; Equilibrium modeling has been executed using the Langmuir and the Freundlich, isotherms. The Langmuir isotherm adapted the experimental data more than Freundlich isotherms based on the high value of the correlation coefficient and graphical presentation. Experimental results on laboratory-scale indicated that reutilization of alum sludge as an effective and low-cost adsorbent for treatment of colored effluents thus, could be considered as alternative for the high cost commercial activated carbon and may be useful in solving environmental issues and waste management.
Framework for Sustainable Transformative Learning
Authors: Palma Lisiane Celia , Pedrozo Eugênio Ávila
Published: February 2022

Seeking to understand what changes would be necessary in the Educational Institutions (EIs) to insert sustainability beyond the status quo, this paper presents two case studies conducted in management and economic programmes that have sustainability in their proposals. To this end, it uses the Framework for Sustainable Transformative Learning (FSTL), developed to understand the process of change in EIs in order for them to become agents that promote transformation towards sustainability. Based on the FSTL, a complex matrix was developed to define the categories of analysis. The results of this study point to some paths and changes that need to be made in EIs to advance and promote sustainable, transformative learning. One of the main findings was the need for staff in EIs to be open to change and question institutional management and teaching's epistemological foundations.
Creating Relevant Extended Reality Field Clinical Experiences for Teacher Candidates in the COVID Era
Authors: Blankenship Rebecca J. , Shelton Temecia , Davis Shannon A.
Published: February 2022

Creating authentic and relevant field clinical experiences for teacher candidates is an essential foundational component of an effective educator preparation program (EPP). It is through these classroom interactions that teacher candidates gain meaningful insight into the day-to-day processes that accompany Once remote instruction began due to COVID, field clinical and internship placements were immediately suspended leaving faculty in EPPs having to turn to virtual alternatives to complete course hours and key assignment requirements. These changes included the introduction of virtual learning modalities and venues such as tutorials, webinars, and even faculty and alumni-generated online learning series to compensate for the lack of contact hours. This work explores how the virtual-focused clinical experiences were conceptualized in addition to a qualitative analysis of teacher candidate self-efficacy as well as academic performance evaluated using a specially designed metric-based rubric emphasizing the transition from face-to-face to the virtual venue of clinical practice.
Need for Teachers' Professional Development in a Low-Resource Context During and After COVID-19
Authors: Rahman Md Shajedur , Siddik Mohammad Abu Bakar
Published: February 2022

This qualitative study investigated teachers’ professional development (TPD) needs for teaching marginalised children who do not have access to virtual platforms in a Low and Middle Income Country (LMIC). Data were gathered using semi-structured interview schedules from different stakeholders of primary education in Bangladesh. The findings revealed that teachers have taken additional measures to online remote teaching to continue marginalised children’s education. The study also showed that teachers need to develop new skills for doing so and they took several innovative initiatives in addition to government and school provided professional development provisions to address the needs. The study concluded by indicating further scopes of TPD for remote and blended learning.
Deep Learning Techniques for Demand Forecasting
Authors: Arunkumar O N  , Divya D.
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study is to categorize research on the applications of deep learning techniques in demand forecasting and suggest further research directions. This study is based upon 56 papers published between 2017 and April 2021 in international peer-reviewed elite journals. The primary objective of this paper is to identify the major problem domains in demand forecasting; hence, the authors conduct a review of literature that utilizes deep learning techniques for demand forecasting and proposed directions for future research. After identifying the objective, a subject scrutiny of the important papers is done based on the publication quality. These identifications make additions to demand forecasting research in the resulting manner. For accomplishing this task, first, the authors classified the literature into nine major problem domains based on different issues discussed in the literature. Second, the literature is classified based on different deep leaning techniques used for solving the problem of demand forecasting. Third, seven research propositions are provided for future research.
Blockchain-Based Incentive-Compatible Reputation Management System in Vehicular Networks
Authors: Men Rui , Fan Xiumei , Yang Xuguang
Published: February 2022

In Vehicular Networks, vehicles share information to improve traffic efficiency and safety. However, false information incurs severe damage or injuries because of malicious nodes. Althogh many schemes have been implemented for detection of false information,, there are problems concerning inadequate data security, large processing delay, weaker precision in detecting malicious nodes. In this paper, we put forward a Blockchain-based incentive-compatible trust management system. It provides a succinct and effective incentive mechanism to stimulate vehicles to broadcast road-related emergency information and vicinity vehicles to evaluate its timeliness. We also propose a novel method to calculate the reputation score to reflect the history behavior better. The transactions on the reputation scores are recorded in a consortium Blockchain consisted by Road Side Unit (RSU). The system has been experimentally validated to have a lower time delay and higher accuracy, and more accuracy reputation scores in Vehicular Networks.
Streptococcus pneumoniae - an uncommon cause of neonatal sepsis: two case reports
Authors: Gunasekera GCS , Gunaratna GPS , Sathanantharajah R , Chandrasiri NS
Published: February 2022

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a rare but recognized aetiological agent for neonatal sepsis. In the context of scarce local data, we report two cases of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) due to pneumococci that probably occurred following ascending transmission during the perinatal period.
SLAMF1 Is Dispensable for Vaccine-Induced T Cell Development but Required for Resistance to Fungal Infection
Authors: Kohn Elaine M , dos Santos Dias Lucas , Dobson Hannah E , He Xin , Wang Huafeng , Klein Bruce S , Wüthrich Marcel
Published: February 2022

Homotypic signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) receptor–ligand cell surface interactions between myeloid and lymphoid cells regulate innate and adaptive immune responses. In this article, we report that SLAMF1 is indispensable for host resistance to primary and vaccine-induced protection against fungal infection. Because vaccine immunity is dependent on cell-mediated immunity, we investigated the development of Ag-specific T cells. We studied the T cell–intrinsic and –extrinsic role of SLAMF1. We generated SLAMF1−/− TCR transgenic mice and analyzed the responses of adoptively transferred T cells. We also tracked endogenous Ag-specific T cells by using a tetramer. Intrinsic and extrinsic SLAMF1 signaling was dispensable for the development of antifungal Th1 and Th17 cells, which are requisite for the acquisition of vaccine-induced immunity. Despite intact T cell development, vaccinated SLAMF1−/− mice failed to control fungal infection. Failed accumulation of Ag-specific T cells in the lung on infection of vaccinated mice was due to uncontrolled early infection and inflammation, revealing a role for SLAMF1 in innate host immunity.
A National Study on the Relationship Between Programmatic Factors and Athletic Training Education Board of Certification Pass Rates
Authors: Rippon Leslie A. , Chen Rong , Kelchen Robert J. , Boergers Richard J.
Published: February 2022

Context

In athletic training education, the first-time Board of Certification (BOC) pass rate is a significant marker of a program's success, and the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE) and requires programs to maintain a first-time 3-year aggregate BOC examination pass rate over 70% (Standard 11). Published research on BOC pass rates on professional master's (PM) programs is limited. Therefore, it is essential to identify modifiable factors that have a relationship with first-time pass rates.

Objective

The aim of this study aim was to investigate the relationships between programmatic factors and the first-time BOC pass rate for PM athletic training students while controlling for student and institutional factors. This study is necessary to fill the literature gap and identify PM programmatic factors that may be significant in predicting student success in PM athletic training programs.

Design

Cross-section study.

Setting

A multiple regression analysis of program-level data that captured student, programmatic, and institutional factors obtained from the deidentified CAATE data was conducted on 77 PM athletic training programs in the 2018–2019 reporting year.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Independent variables included in the study were institutional type, admissions selectivity, cohort diversity, clinical immersion hours per week, students per core faculty member, students per lab faculty member, percent doctoral faculty, and total spending on professional development. The dependent variable was the programmatic 1-year, first-time BOC pass rate.

Results

A significant positive relationship was found between admissions selectivity, clinical immersion hours per week, percentage of doctoral faculty, and total amount spent on professional development and 1-year, first-time BOC program pass rates. These results suggest that increased programmatic investments into development of faculty and the evaluation of the clinical immersive experience may help programs increase their first-time BOC pass rate.
Оптимальное восстановление в весовых пространствах с однородными весами
Authors: Osipenko Konstantin Yur'evich
Published: February 2022

Рассматриваются задачи восстановления операторов по неточно заданной информации в весовых пространствах $L_q$ с однородными весами. Доказан ряд общих теорем, которые применяются к задачам восстановления дифференциальных операторов по неточно заданному преобразованию Фурье. В частности, получены оптимальные методы восстановления степеней оператора Лапласа по неточно заданному преобразованию Фурье в $L_p$-метрике.
Библиография: 30 названий.
О бифуркациях, меняющих гомотопический тип замыкания инвариантного седлового многообразия диффеоморфизма поверхности
Authors: Nozdrinova Elena Vyacheslavovna , Pochinka Olga Vital'evna
Published: February 2022

Из гомотопической теории поверхностей хорошо известно, что объемлющая изотопия не меняет гомотопический тип замкнутой кривой. На языке динамических систем это означает, что любая дуга в пространстве диффеоморфизмов, соединяющая изотопные диффеоморфизмы с инвариантными замкнутыми кривыми из разных гомотопических классов, обязательно претерпевает бифуркации. В работе описан сценарий, меняющий гомотопический тип замыкания инвариантного многообразия седловой точки полярного диффеоморфизма на двумерном торе на любой заданный гомотопически нетривиальный тип. При этом построенная дуга является устойчивой в пространстве диффеоморфизмов и не меняет класс топологической сопряженности исходного диффеоморфизма. Предложенные в работе идеи построения такой дуги для двумерного тора могут быть естественным образом обобщены на поверхности большего рода.
Библиография: 32 названия.
Теорема Кизини для почти общих накрытий проективной плоскости
Authors: Kulikov Victor Stepanovich
Published: February 2022

Результаты, относящиеся к гипотезе Кизини и содержащиеся в статьях автора (Изв. РАН, Сер. матем., 63:6 (1999), 83-116) и С. Ю. Немировского (Изв. РАН, Сер. матем., 65:1 (2001), 77-80), обобщаются на случай почти общих накрытий проективной плоскости.
Библиография: 11 названий.
О кольцах когомологий частично проективных кватернионных многообразий Штифеля
Authors: Zhubanov Georgy Evgen'evich , Popelenskii Fedor Yur'evich
Published: February 2022

Кватернионное многообразие Штифеля $V_{n,k}(\mathbb H)$ расслаивается над соответствующим грассманианом $G_{n,k}(\mathbb H)$. На слоях расслоения свободно действует группа $\operatorname{Sp}(1)=S^3$. Соответствующее факторпространство называется кватернионным проективным многообразием Штифеля. Их вещественные и комплексные аналоги активно изучались ранее в работах ряда авторов. Кроме того, на слоях определено свободное дискретное действие всех тех конечных групп, которые свободно и дискретно действуют на трехмерной сфере. Соответствующие факторпространства называются частично проективными многообразиями Штифеля.
Работа посвящена вычислению колец когомологий частично проективных кватернионных многообразий Штифеля с коэффициентами в $\mathbb Z_p$, где $p$ простое.
Библиография: 14 названий.
The Cultural Goods Import Regime of Regulation (EU) 2019/880: Four Potential Pitfalls
Authors: de Jong Anna M.
Published: February 2022

This article argues that Regulation (EU) 2019/880 and its implementation will need to be reviewed in order to reach its goals. Regulation (EU) 2019/880 seeks to protect cultural heritage and prevent money laundering and terrorism financing by regulating the import of cultural goods into one of the largest art markets in the world. The Regulation however suffers from several shortcomings with respect to various issues. The article analyses four of these issues, starting with the process of creation of Regulation (EU) 2019/880 and the main critique of it being based on (too) little evidence. Moreover, attention is paid to the necessary practicalities of the European-wide implementation of Regulation (EU) 2019/880, the complexity caused by the use of the 1970 UNESCO Convention definitions to define cultural goods, as well as the practical ramifications of the use of the concept “country of creation or discovery”. Drawing on these findings the article questions whether this Regulation in its current form is likely to have its intended effects.
The Right to Cultural Heritage in International Law, with Special Reference to Indigenous Peoples’ Rights
Authors: Sikora Karolina
Published: February 2022

In recent years, the social dimension of cultural heritage has gained significance in international law. A better understanding of the human rights dimensions of cultural heritage has resulted in substantial recognition of the right to heritage; a right that has not been explicitly regulated in international law. This article aims to analyse the path that cultural heritage law has taken to adopt a human rights law dimension. It also discusses the construction of the right to heritage and maps the connections and disconnections between and within cultural heritage law and international human rights law frameworks. The article uses the example of Indigenous peoples as a referent, due to the special bond that many may have to cultural values which play a significant role in the formation of Indigenous identity. In this context, I argue for a human rights approach to cultural heritage, which offers not only participation but also the co-creation of heritage together with local and Indigenous communities.
Regulation (EU) 2019/880 and the 1970 UNESCO Convention – A Note on the Interplay between the EU and UNESCO Import Regimes
Authors: Schreiber Hanna
Published: February 2022

The 1970 UNESCO Convention is the key international instrument to protect movable cultural heritage. States Parties to this treaty undertake to adopt measures to prohibit and prevent the illicit trade in such objects, as well as those designed to stop the import of unlawfully exported cultural goods. The EU, as an important UNESCO partner and a powerful regional organization, has been urged since the 2000s by many international actors as well as its own institutions to curb the illicit transfer of cultural goods within its boundaries, especially in the light of the influx of cultural material illicitly removed from conflict-ridden territories. Regulation (EU) 2019/880 on the introduction and the import of cultural goods may be seen as providing a long-awaited legal framework that would promote and strengthen the operation of 1970 UNESCO Convention, both in Europe and globally. Thus, there is a significant interplay between the UNESCO and the EU cultural goods import regimes, which this note endeavours to analyse.
A Commentary to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/1079 of 24 June 2021 Laying Down Detailed Rules for Implementing Certain Provisions of Regulation (EU) 2019/880 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Introduction and the Import of Cultural Goods
Authors: Giardini Giuditta
Published: February 2022

Regulation (EU) 2019/880 of the European Parliament and of the Council assigned implementing powers to the European Commission to adopt uniform provisions for effectively enforcing new rules on the import of cultural goods. The present commentary navigates the text of the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/1079 of 24 June 2021 (“Implementing Regulation”), adopted to ensure the uniform implementation of the said import legislation by the Member States. The text of the Committee’s instrument sets up exemptions from the documentation requirements for certain categories of goods; contains detailed provisions on import licenses and statements; and establishes rules for the electronic system for the import of cultural goods. The ambitious provisions of the Implementing Regulation raise some important questions, e.g. whether the electronic system will facilitate the work of custom agents or engulf it; or whether national export offices and legislative bodies will step up to the challenge and quickly adapt to the new system and new rules.
The EU Approach to Cultural Heritage in Conflict and Crisis: An Elephant in the Room?
Authors: Hausler Kristin
Published: February 2022

This Note considers the Conclusions on EU Approach to Cultural Heritage in Conflicts and Crises, which were adopted by the Council of the European Union on 21 June 2021. It starts by analysing the shift in the way cultural heritage has been perceived since the introduction of cultural heritage within the EU’s external relations’ strategy. It then considers how the role of cultural heritage as a vector of peace and development could be strengthened and consolidated through a better articulation of its linkages with climate change.
“We Do Everything with Our Own Hands” – Everyday Experiences of Teachers Working with Migrant Children in Poland
Authors: Struzik Justyna , Slany Krystyna , Ślusarczyk Magdalena , Warat Marta
Published: February 2022

The aim of this article is to analyse how teachers experience, navigate and negotiate their daily work in Polish school with migrant children. We explore the title statement of one of the teachers we interviewed – we look at the teachers’ strategy of ‘doing everything with their own hands’. The data presented in the article comes from the quantitative and qualitative study conducted within the CHILD-UP project. The research was conducted in two different locations that allowed us to capture the diversity of migrant children in terms of their status and the specificity of working with them: in a large city in the south of Poland characterized by a significant influx of immigrants in recent years, and in the Lublin Province, where schools are attended mostly by refugee children from Centers for Foreigners. The article provides an analysis of teachers’ agency at three different interconnected levels: the macro level (public policies), the meso level (local community), and the micro level (specific schools and their community). We claim that teachers’ agency expressed by them in a constant search for new tools to support migrant children’s education and integration is shaped by complexities of social, economic and political factors produced by the school system in Poland.
Excluded or Included by COVID 19? The Impact of COVID 19 on Inclusive Education Efforts with Regard to Migrant Children in Belgium
Authors: Damery Shannon , Raziano Alissia
Published: February 2022

This article presents empirical findings from the H2020 CHILD UP project with an investigation of the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on migrant children’s education and wellbeing in school. It aims to understand if and how the new education landscape and hybrid learning initiatives have changed inclusive education efforts geared towards migrant students in two Communities of Belgium. ‘Inclusive education’ is a key term often used in pedagogical discourse and describes an ideal situation where the unique, individual educational needs of each child can be met while the child remains in the mainstream classroom. The particular needs of migrant students, however, are often overlooked in inclusive education discourse, and their position can become even more complicated with the added pressures of the pandemic. Through questionnaires and interviews with students, teachers, and other school actors, we found that migrant students were often disproportionately negatively impacted by hybrid and remote learning measures, but that the situation also offered some surprising opportunities for mentoring and peer support and these contrasting outcomes are presented here.
Independence of Urinary Symptoms and Urinary Dipstick Results in Voiders With Neurogenic Bladder
Authors: Groah Suzanne , Tractenberg Rochelle E. , Frost Jamie K. , Rounds Amanda , Ljungberg Inger
Published: February 2022

Background

Urinary symptoms and urinary tract infection (UTI) are frequent and burdensome problems associated with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction.

Objectives

To determine whether an association exists between urinary symptoms and urine dipstick results among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) or multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods

Prospective 12-month cohort study of 76 participants with SCI or MS who manage their bladders by voiding. Eligibility criteria included adults ≥18 years old, at least three UTIs since diagnosis, and residence in the United States. Participants completed the Urinary Symptoms Questionnaire for Neurogenic Bladder–Voider version (USQNB-V) biweekly (26 assessments) and tested their urine by dipstick at the same time. Symptom burden was estimated based on endorsements of USQNB-V symptoms classified as clinically actionable (9), bladder function (8), and urine quality (4). Urine dipstick results assessed were leukocyte esterase (LE) and nitrite (NIT).

Results

Participants were stratified into four groups based on etiology of neurologic dysfunction and whether they ever experienced any urinary symptoms (USx): SCI+USx (n = 14), SCI+NoUSx (n = 5), MS+USx (n = 32), and MS+NoUSx (n = 25). In descending order, symptom burden was greatest for the MS+USx group, followed by both SCI groups; it was lowest for MS+NoUSx. We assessed multiple definitions of “positive” dipstick and found evidence of independence of USQNB-V symptoms and urinary dipstick results with each definition. In each group, the median (and majority) of strong positive dipsticks did not coincide with any symptoms.

Conclusion

Among people with SCI or MS who void, self-administered urine dipstick results and urinary symptom reporting contribute independent information for clinical decision making.
Pharmacy education in the Sultanate of Oman: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Abusham Ahmed A. , Aljuma Muna A. , Ali Leena A. , Riyami Qasim A. Al
Published: February 2022

Pharmacy degree in Oman makes up to 5-year in Bachelor of Pharmacy and 4-year in diploma of pharmacy. The curricula of the pharmacy programme include basic sciences, pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacy practice, and experiential learning. Students are posted in different healthcare sectors and facilities during experiential learning to gain the practice experience. Graduates must complete an internship programme in various healthcare settings, including hospitals, polyclinics, health centres, and community pharmacies. Pharmacists and assistant pharmacists should fulfil the pharmacy licensing conditions and pass the Prometric exam to register and practice pharmacy. There is a shortage of pharmacy workforce in practice, academia, and industry. With the need for a specialised pharmacy workforce in different sectors, it is time to review the pharmacy education in Oman to meet the national needs and priorities.
Online course delivery, assessment, and student satisfaction: The case of Quantitative Chemical Analysis course in the time of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sonji Ghassan , Hammoudi Halat Dalal , Mehyou Zeina , Rahal Mohamad
Published: February 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the concept and perception of normalcy, compelling instructors to switch from face-to-face to online instruction overnight. Meanwhile, the satisfaction of course learning outcomes remains a critical element of modern educational systems and should be monitored during online education.  
Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the online delivery and assessment tools of a Quantitative Chemical Analysis course and evaluate student satisfaction.    
Methods: Formative and summative assessments were used to test students' learning and the application of Quantitative Chemical Analysis concepts using online teaching models. At the end of the semester, a Likert scale survey was sent to all students to get their feedback.   
Results: Students were extremely satisfied with online learning, believing that the course's intended learning outcomes were met, with student ability to perform calculations and evaluate errors, precision, and accuracy receiving the highest scores, and student ability to explore multiple solutions for a given problem receiving the lowest scores.
Education, Disadvantage and Place
Authors: Kerr Kirstin , Dyson Alan , Raffo Carlo
Published: February 2022

Challenging current thinking, this important book is the first to focus on the role of area-based initiatives to tackle the link between education, disadvantage and place. Aimed at all those actively seeking to tackle disadvantage, including policymakers, practitioners, academics and students.