bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A model for predicting the similarity between real and virtual T-shirts based on sensory evaluation and image quantitative index evaluation
Authors: Jiang Lei , Hao Yan , Zhang Li , Xu Jun , Wang Xiaoyin
Published: December 2023

Reported herein is a model for evaluating and predicting the similarity between real clothing and clothing simulated by the virtual fitting software Vidya, the aim being to estimate accurately the similarity between real and virtual clothing. Firstly, we make real T-shirts and virtual T-shirts. According to Kawabata Evaluation System test parameters, 24 kinds of digital fabrics were constructed, and 96 virtual T-shirts were modeled from these digital fabrics. Then, 24 real T-shirts were made from the corresponding fabric. After that, the similarity evaluation indexes of virtual T-shirts and real T-shirts were extracted. Expert evaluation and digital image processing were used to evaluate the visual sense of the images and extract the indices of the evaluation-site images. Finally, the principal component analysis (PCA)-backpropagation (BP) evaluation model was established. Based on PCA, effective evaluation indices for real and virtual T-shirts were selected to construct an evaluation index system of clothing modeling and a BP neural network evaluation model. After repeatedly debugging the number of neurons, the model was optimized with four hidden-layer neurons, and the overall correlation coefficient R of the model reached 0.91075. In this paper, an evaluation index system for real and virtual T-shirts was constructed and, based on the indices, a rapid method for evaluating the virtual fitting modeling effect based on the PCA-BP model was established, which also provides a reference for the whole process of modeling evaluation of other virtual fitting software.
Racializing Accents: The Impact of Language and Racial Cues on Intergroup Communicative Outcomes
Authors: Acheme Doris E. , Montgomery Gretchen , Cionea Ioana A.
Published: December 2023

This study reports the results of an experiment ( N = 502) investigating how speakers are socially categorized based on accent (Standard American English [SAE] or Nigerian) and race (White or Black) separately and concurrently, as well as the intergroup outcomes of such categorizations as mediated by language attitudes (status, solidary, and dynamism). Findings revealed that SAE-accented speakers were evaluated more favorably than Nigerian-accented speakers on status. Status also mediated the relationship between accent and (a) symbolic threat and (b) social distance. Additionally, Black males were rated higher on solidarity and dynamism than White males. Finally, status mediated the combined effect of the speaker’s race and accent on symbolic threat, intergroup anxiety, and social distance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Demobilizing Veterans: Campaign-Style Stability Maintenance in China
Authors: Yang Kai
Published: December 2023

In the early Xi Jinping era, Chinese veterans escalated their contention and repeatedly staged cross-regional collective actions, sparking concerns about the internal stability of the governing regime. However, by 2019 veterans’ broad-based mobilizations had largely faded into obscurity, even though local and individual activism persisted. How did the government successfully contain veterans’ mobilization without radicalizing the entire issue group? Drawing on evidence from fieldwork, media accounts, and government documents, this article argues that the regime has embraced a campaign-style stability maintenance approach, defined as the concerted top-down mobilization of all available resources by central authorities to silence designated targets within a defined time frame. This approach differs from the transformative campaigns prevalent in the Mao Zedong era, as its chief purpose is to defend rather than transform the existing sociopolitical and economic order. It also deviates from routine stability-preserving practices, as the intensity of protest suppression, the breadth of targeted subjects, and the speed of conflict resolution have all been markedly escalated. In the post-Mao era, the state adopts this approach when it urgently needs to silence a particular group or preserve stability during sensitive periods. Although this strategy has indeed assisted the regime in managing politically threatening forms of contention, its implementation often comes at the expense of upholding the rule of law. Furthermore, since its primary goal is to swiftly demobilize protests rather than fundamentally redress grievances, the achieved outcomes may lack long-term sustainability.
Parallel oxygenators in the same circuit for refractory hypoxemia on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. A 3-patient series
Authors: Hurtado Sebastian , Sepulveda Veronica , Godoy Cesar , Bahamondes Rodrigo , Kattan Eduardo , Mendez Magdalena , Besa Santiago
Published: December 2023

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO) is a well-established therapy for respiratory failure. Refractory hypoxemia, despite the use of ECMO, remains a challenging problem. The ECMO circuit may not provide enough oxygenation support in the presence of high cardiac output, increased physiologic demand, and impaired gas exchange. Adding a second ECMO oxygenator using the same pump (sometimes needing a second drainage cannula) can improve oxygenation and facilitate lung-protective ventilation in selected patients. We describe a 3-patient series with severe ARDS secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection and refractory hypoxemia during ECMO support successfully treated with this approach.
Investigation of paraclinoid aneurysm formation by comparing the combined influence of hemodynamic parameters between aneurysmal and non-aneurysmal arteries
Authors: Yang Hyeondong , Kim Jung-Jae , Kim Yong Bae , Cho Kwang-Chun , Oh Je Hoon
Published: December 2023

Numerous studies have evaluated the effects of hemodynamic parameters on aneurysm formation. However, the reasons why aneurysms do not initiate in intracranial arteries are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the influence of hemodynamic parameters, wall shear stress (WSS) and strain, on aneurysm formation by comparing between aneurysmal and non-aneurysmal arteries. Fifty-eight patients with paraclinoid aneurysms on one side were enrolled. Based on magnetic resonance angiography, each patient’s left and right internal carotid arteries (ICAs) were reconstructed. For a patient having an aneurysm on one side, the ICA with the paraclinoid aneurysm was defined as the aneurysmal artery after eliminating the aneurysm, whereas the opposite ICA without aneurysm was defined as the non-aneurysmal artery. Computational fluid dynamics and fluid-structure interaction analyses were then performed for both aneurysmal and non-aneurysmal arteries. Finally, the relationship between high hemodynamic parameters and aneurysm location was investigated. For aneurysmal arteries, high WSS and strain locations were well-matched with the aneurysm formation site. Also, considerable correlations between high WSS and strain locations were observed. However, there was no significant relationship between high hemodynamic parameters and aneurysm formation for non-aneurysmal arteries. The findings are helpful for understanding aneurysm formation mechanism and encouraging further relevant research.
Epidemiology and clinical features of hypnic headache: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Melchior Anna G. , Ayyoub Amenah , Christensen Rune Häckert , Al-Khazali Haidar Muhsen , Amin Faisal Mohammad , Ashina Håkan
Published: December 2023

Background

Hypnic headache is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent headache attacks that occur exclusively during sleep, leading to awakening. Synthesizing the available epidemiological data might inform clinical decision-making.

Methods

We searched PubMed and Embase for observational studies on hypnic headache published between 1 May 2004, and 22 December 2022. Two investigators independently screened titles, abstracts, and full-text articles. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis with meta-regression to estimate the prevalence of hypnic headache and its clinical features based on epidemiologic data from population-based and clinic-based studies.

Results

Fourteen studies, one population-based and 13 clinic-based, met our eligibility criteria. The population-based study did not identify any people with hypnic headache. From 11 clinic-based studies, the pooled relative frequency of hypnic headache was 0.21% (95%CI, 0.13 to 0.35%; I2 = 87%) in adult patients evaluated for headache. The pooled mean age of onset was 60.5 years, with a slight female predisposition. Hypnic headache was typically bilateral (71%), pressing (73%), of moderate (38%) or severe (44%) pain intensity, and lasted about 115 minutes per attack.

Conclusions

Our data should be cautiously interpreted due to between-study heterogeneity. The identified clinical presentation of hypnic headache can guide clinical diagnosis, in addition to the International Classification of Headache Disorders.
Stir Cast AA 6351/Graphene/TiB2/Rice Husk Ash composite: Fabrication and assessment of mechanical properties
Authors: Vishnoi Mohit , Rai Shardul , Verma Neeraj , Maurya Manish
Published: December 2023

Single composites are replaced by hybrid composites because of their highly efficient properties and easy processing ability. In this research work, the stir casting process has been used for the fabrication of an Aluminium 6351 metal matrix composite. The TiB2, Graphene and Rice Husk Ash (RHA) have been used as reinforcements. The various mechanical (hardness, impact, flexural, tensile) and surface (SEM, EDS, XRD) characterization have been carried out. The different samples with varying compositions of Graphene (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt.-%), the constant composition of Titanium boride (10 wt.-%) and Rice Husk Ash (2.0 wt.-%) have been fabricated. The maximum values of hardness and energy absorbed were 78.8 HV0.3 and 6 Joule respectively and minimum surface roughness of 0.308 µm have been obtained by doping 1.5 wt.-% Graphene in AA6351. Whereas, the maximum value of flexural and tensile strength was 418.73 and 154.81 MPa for AA6351 having 0.5 wt.-% of Graphene as reinforcement. Moreover, the presence of TiB2, Graphene, and RHA showed their uniform distribution in fabricated composites using surface characterization (such as SEM, EDS and XRD).
Trend analysis of rear child occupants’ injury influenced by protection system parameters
Authors: Xiao Sen , Li Jiapeng , He Yaoxin , Wang Gang , Liu Xiaoang , Zhang Hao
Published: December 2023

As road traffic accidents are the leading cause of child injuries and deaths, the most common frontal impact is offset impact. Taking into consideration the lack of research on rear seat child occupants’ safety in road accidents, this study focuses on 10-year-old child occupants seated in the rear and establishes an analytical model of child injury during frontal offset impact, which is validated using test data from a real car impact of the same model. The study then examines the effects of restraint system parameters, including seat belt force-limited level, seat belt anchorage position, and seat cushion stiffness, on head, neck, and chest-abdomen injury response in the rear seat child occupants. The study found that reducing the seat belt force-limited level appropriately resulted in a significant decrease in the child occupant’s head resultant acceleration by 39.9% and the upper neck force by 53.2%. Meanwhile, increasing the seat cushion stiffness was found to reduce the child occupant’s head resultant acceleration by 18.8%, the upper neck force by 31%, and the abdominal pressure by 34.4%. This study provides a reference for the protection of rear seat child occupants.
Human impact leads to unexpected oligotrophication and deepwater oxygen increase in a Swiss mountain lake
Authors: Perret-Gentil Nina , Rey Fabian , Gobet Erika , Tinner Willy , Heiri Oliver
Published: December 2023

Human impacts on lakes can lead to nutrient release, increased algal productivity and consequently low oxygen concentrations in deepwater environments. Here we report the unexpected and contrasting finding of a pronounced shift to chironomid and invertebrate assemblages suggesting oligotrophication and oxygen increase in Lac de Champex, a Swiss mountain lake, due to human activities during the Mediaeval period. Chironomid assemblages in the lower part of the lake sediment record show changes that agree with known climatic shifts during the Lateglacial period and early Holocene and a progressively stronger influence of peat development, and possibly humic conditions, from ca. 8500 calibrated 14C years BP (cal. BP) onwards. This resulted in low chironomid influx and assemblages with high abundances of Procladius and Chaoborus ca. 2000–3000 cal. BP. These assemblages resemble those found in relatively nutrient-rich, oxygen-poor lakes and may have developed due to natural, long-term development to more nutrient-rich and possibly humic conditions, and from the Bronze Age (ca. 4000 cal. BP) onwards, due to human activities such as pasturing. Ca. 1000 cal. BP, an abrupt increase in sediment accumulation, chironomid influx and distinct changes in the chironomid assemblage composition were observed, coinciding with evidence for local human activities from pollen data. A major transition in chironomid and invertebrate assemblages followed ca. 500 cal. BP with the disappearance of Chaoborus, a decrease in Procladius, and the increase or appearance of several chironomid taxa, including several rheophilous groups. We conclude that Late-Holocene human impact led to re-oligotrophication and increased oxygen availability for invertebrates in the lake. This reversal of the long-term Holocene trend was possibly promoted by increased erosion from the Mediaeval period onwards and from ca. 500 cal. BP likely by the construction of an irrigation canal (bisse), leading to inflow of clear, cool water which changed the lake’s hydrological characteristics.
Isolation, Expansion, and Endoscopic Delivery of Autologous Enteric Neuronal Stem Cells in Swine
Authors: Hotta Ryo , Pan Weikang , Bhave Sukhada , Nagy Nandor , Stavely Rhian , Ohkura Takahiro , Krishnan Kumar , de Couto Geoffrey , Myers Richard , Rodriguez-Borlado Luis , Burns Alan J. , Goldstein Allan M.
Published: December 2023

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is an extensive network of neurons and glia within the wall of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that regulates many essential GI functions. Consequently, disorders of the ENS due to developmental defects, inflammation, infection, or age-associated neurodegeneration lead to serious neurointestinal diseases. Despite the prevalence and severity of these diseases, effective treatments are lacking as they fail to directly address the underlying pathology. Neuronal stem cell therapy represents a promising approach to treating diseases of the ENS by replacing the absent or injured neurons, and an autologous source of stem cells would be optimal by obviating the need for immunosuppression. We utilized the swine model to address key questions concerning cell isolation, delivery, engraftment, and fate in a large animal relevant to human therapy. We successfully isolated neural stem cells from a segment of small intestine resected from 1-month-old swine. Enteric neuronal stem cells (ENSCs) were expanded as neurospheres that grew optimally in low-oxygen (5%) culture conditions. Enteric neuronal stem cells were labeled by lentiviral green fluorescent protein (GFP) transduction, then transplanted into the same swine from which they had been harvested. Endoscopic ultrasound was then utilized to deliver the ENSCs (10,000–30,000 neurospheres per animal) into the rectal wall. At 10 and 28 days following injection, autologously derived ENSCs were found to have engrafted within rectal wall, with neuroglial differentiation and no evidence of ectopic spreading. These findings strongly support the feasibility of autologous cell isolation and delivery using a clinically useful and minimally invasive technique, bringing us closer to first-in-human ENSC therapy for neurointestinal diseases.
An immunohistochemical and biomechanical evaluation of the effect of fat graft on tendon healing
Authors: Oztermeli Ahmet , Okyay Mehmet Fatih
Published: December 2023

Aim

To investigate the efficacy of fat grafting in primary tendon healing through immunohistochemical and biomechanical examinations.

Material and Method

The study material comprised a total of 10 male Sprague-Dawley rats, each approximately 10 weeks old. All 10 rats were operated on bilaterally. The right Achilles tendon in all the animals was defined as the study group. The tendon was cut and then repaired, and then fat graft was applied to the repair area. The left Achilles tendon of all the rats constituted the control group. The tendon was cut and repaired with no further application. After 4 weeks, the rats were euthanised and samples were taken from the tendons for immunohistochemical and biomechanical examinations.

Results

In the biomechanical evaluations, no statistically significant difference was determined between the groups in respect of peak load and stiffness values ( p: .068, p: .089, respectively). In the histopathological evaluation, the tenocyte value of the study group was superior to that of the control group ( p: .04). No statistically significant differences were determined between the groups in respect of the other histopathological parameters. In the immunohistochemical evaluations, the type I collagen and TGF values of the study group were found to be higher than those of the control group ( p: .011, p: .012, respectively).

Conclusion

Compared to stem cell applications, the use of fat grafting is clinically easy to apply, has low costs, and has been shown to contribute to tendon healing at an immunohistochemical level with increased collagen and TGF beta values.
Applying the Social Ecological Model to Understand Support for Home Healthcare Workers and Covid-19 Vaccine Uptake in N.J.
Authors: Twersky Sylvia E. , Scott Talynn , Taracena Liane , Souza Marina
Published: December 2023

More than 3.6 M home healthcare aides are key parts of the U.S. healthcare workforce, serving older adults and individuals with disabilities living in the community. This study used a social ecological framework (SEM) to identify facilitators and barriers to Covid-19 vaccination among home healthcare aides and administrators in N.J. Key informant interviews with a purposive sample of home healthcare aides along with federal and state policy review were used to develop a survey of home healthcare administrators (HHA), which was sent to all home healthcare agencies in N.J. Results show that completed vaccination series rates among HHA were the same or higher than statewide and national rates, but there was skepticism about the utility of a booster among both aides and HHA. While organizational policy and information support around Covid-19 from the agencies to the staff was inconsistent, overall agencies acted as a driver for higher vaccination rates. At the intrapersonal level, individual self-assessment of risk was not consistent with actual risk, impeding vaccination. When all levels of the SEM are working in concert it can increase completed vaccinations. Key areas to target addressing the call for yearly boosters include organizational policy and intrapersonal factors aligning perceived and actual risk.
Performance-based differences in the associations among ideal self, enjoyment, and anxiety: A longitudinal study on L2 integrated writing
Authors: Guan Yi , Zhu Siyu , Zhu Xinhua , Yao Yuan , Jiang Yue
Published: December 2023

Recently, second language (L2) researchers gradually shift their focus on learners’ motivational and emotional responses to specific language skills, such as L2 writing. However, there is a paucity of empirical research on the relationships between learners’ L2 writing performance, motivation, and emotions from a longitudinal perspective. With a sample of 235 English-major students from a Chinese university, the present study explored the changes in the ideal L2 writing self and its relationships with L2 writing enjoyment and L2 writing anxiety among students with different integrated writing (IW) performance over an academic year. The ANOVA results reported that the ideal L2 writing self remained stable over time and showed no significant difference among three groups of students (high-level, middle-level, and low-level). The multi-group path analysis results revealed that, for all three groups, the ideal L2 writing self at time 1 positively predicted the ideal L2 writing self at time 2, which, nonetheless, displayed varied influence on L2 writing enjoyment and anxiety among the three groups. The study contributes to the literature by exploring the relationships between L2 writers’ motivational and emotional responses from longitudinal and performance-based perspectives. Pedagogical implications and suggestions for future research are proposed based on the findings.
Evaluation of photovoltaic-based solar chimney–assisted stack ventilation within a large space hall: A case study
Authors: Wei Tong , Li Hanyu , Sun Runnan , Yu Chuck Wah , Luo Xilian
Published: December 2023

Photovoltaic (PV)-based solar chimneys could assist stack ventilation within a large space hall. This study considered a comprehensive office building with a PV-based solar chimney as a case study to explore measures for enhancing stack ventilation. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was established, and the influences of the inner heat source, chimney inlet position, solar heat gain and photovoltaic (PV) arrangement on the ventilation rate were investigated. The results revealed that PV-based solar chimneys could assist stack ventilation and would effectively provide a suitable indoor environment for occupied areas during the transitional season. Raising the chimney inlet position is conducive to improving the ventilation rate and cooling performance. The increase in the inlet position from a height of 0.2 m to 3.8 m would increase the ventilation rate up to 5%. The heat gain from the PV backside is an important method of enhancing the ventilation rate. A 200 W/m2 heat gain can lead to a 16.4% increase in ventilation. Moreover, the lower the heat source location, the higher the ventilation efficiency. This study provides basic strategies for optimising design schemes to improve natural ventilation efficiency.
Should Net Promoter Score be supplemented with other customer feedback metrics? An empirical investigation of Net Promoter Score and emotions in the mobile phone industry
Authors: Müller Steffen , Seiler Roger , Völkle Melanie
Published: December 2023

Net Promoter Score (NPS) is one of the most popular customer feedback metrics (CFMs) with benefits and limitations. One limitation is that prior research has shown that NPS is not better in explaining outcome variables such as sales growth or churn than other CFMs. Most prior research, however, has not considered combinations of CFMs, CFMs related to the antecedents of customer satisfaction, and CFMs with affective components. Therefore, we argue that NPS should be supplemented with other CFMs, e.g., emotions. In an empirical investigation in the mobile phone industry, we choose Net Emotional Value (NEV) to measure of emotions. We show that a combination of NPS and NEV leads to a better explanation of two out of three outcome variables compared to using NPS only or NEV only. We also illustrate how emotional profiles and driver analyses can be used to identify the most relevant emotions of Detractors, Passives, and Promoters and conclude with limitations and potential for further research.
Engagement With a Youth Community Advisory Board to Develop and Refine a Facebook HPV Vaccination Promotion Intervention (#HPVvaxtalks) for Young Black Adults (18–26 years old)
Authors: Adegboyega Adebola , Francis Diane B. , Ebikwo Charis , Ntego Tristan , Ickes Melinda
Published: December 2023

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates remain suboptimal among young Black adults (18–26 years). Research focused on HPV vaccination among young Black adults is limited. Guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior, we developed #HPVvaxtalks, a theoretically grounded and culturally appropriate Facebook intervention in collaboration with a youth community advisory board (YCAB) to increase awareness of HPV risk factors, risk perception, HPV vaccine-related knowledge, vaccination intention, and uptake for Black individuals. Engagement with YCAB members fostered opportunity to discuss priorities reflecting the community’s interest and make #HPVvaxtalks more relevant. This article describes the YCAB engagement and collaborative process in the development and refinement of posts/messages for #HPVvaxtalks. Five young Black adults (18–26 years of age) were invited to become members of a YCAB. YCAB reviewed the preliminary version of #HPVvaxtalks intervention materials and provided critiques and suggestions for refinement. Following the completion of the collaborative process, YCAB members completed individual interviews to reflect on the process. Feedback from YCAB participants focused on the relevance, engagement, clarity, and organization of the content and the media utilized. Participants suggested using “memes” to improve cultural relevance and engagement for young Black individuals. All YCAB members expressed satisfaction with the development process. Collaboration with a YCAB was crucial in developing a culturally relevant and acceptable #HPVvaxtalks intervention, which includes 40 messages/posts for young Black adults. Undergoing the iterative process of intervention development and refinement with the priority population can be an essential component in the design and implementation of health promotion activities.
Off-the-Shelf Single-Fenestrated Endograft for Emergent Juxtarenal and Pararenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Jónsson Gísli Gunnar , Shehab Maysam , Wanhainen Anders , Mani Kevin , Kuzniar Marek , Lindström David
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Endovascular solutions to emergent juxtarenal and pararenal abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are complicated. Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) with in situ laser fenestration (ISLF) is promising but requires a period of visceral ischemia. With an off-the-shelf, single superior mesenteric artery (SMA)-fenestrated device mesenteric ischemia is avoided and renal ischemia decreased. The aim was to develop an optimized design of such an endograft suitable for >90% of juxtarenal and pararenal AAAs.

Methods:

Single-center analysis on 44 consecutive preoperative CTs for previously elective fenestrated EVARs for juxtarenal and pararenal aneurysms. Anatomical characteristics were analyzed to define: (1) shortest aortic coverage above SMA fenestration to achieve ≥4 cm seal; (2) feasibility of a scallop for the celiac artery; (3) shortest distance between the SMA and lowest renal, to facilitate renal ISLF in a straight endograft; (4) distance from the lowest renal to the aortic bifurcation, to allow an overlapping zone >40 mm with a bifurcated stent graft; (5) aortic diameter in the sealing zone, for optimal proximal stent graft diameter with 10% to 30% oversizing; (6) the final design was then tested on individual level.

Results:

(1) The stent graft needs to start 40 mm above the SMA fenestration to achieve a 4 cm sealing zone in >90% of cases. (2) A proximal sealing zone of 40 mm without a scallop covers 77% of celiac arteries. With an addition of a 20 mm deep, 20 mm wide scallop at 12:30, the stent graft still covers 27% of celiacs. This suggests that a scallop would not be practically feasible. (3) In >90% of cases, the lowest renal was <31 mm from the SMA, suggesting that the tapering should start 30 mm below the SMA. (4) The distance from the lowest renal to the aortic bifurcation ranged from 82 to 166 mm. This allows for a 20 mm tapering and 50 mm straight part in all cases. (5) The 5th and 95th percentile of the aortic diameter in the sealing zone was 22 and 31 mm, respectively. Thus, 2 different stent graft diameters (28 and 34 mm) would fit >90% of cases. (6) The final design was suitable in 91% cases.

Conclusions:

Two sizes of a single-fenestrated aortic stent graft without scallop cover >90% of juxtarenal and pararenal anatomies.

Clinical Impact

Emergent juxta- and pararenal aortic aneurysms is a difficult clinical scenario that continuously challenges physicians. An endovascular option is in situ laser fenestrated endografts. One risk with these is the complete visceral ischemia occurring before the fenestrations are completed. An off-the-shelf single-fenestrated stent graft facilitates the treatment by removing the ischemia time for the SMA and reducing the ischemia time for the celiac and renal arteries thus decreasing the risk of visceral ischemia complications.
A Review of Cognitive Support Systems in the Operating Room
Authors: Zhang Zhong Shi , Wu Yun , Zheng Bin
Published: December 2023

Background

In recent years, numerous innovative yet challenging surgeries, such as minimally invasive procedures, have introduced an overwhelming amount of new technologies, increasing the cognitive load for surgeons and potentially diluting their attention. Cognitive support technologies (CSTs) have been in development to reduce surgeons’ cognitive load and minimize errors. Despite its huge demands, it still lacks a systematic review.

Methods

Literature was searched up until May 21st, 2021. Pubmed, Web of Science, and IEEExplore. Studies that aimed at reducing the cognitive load of surgeons were included. Additionally, studies that contained an experimental trial with real patients and real surgeons were prioritized, although phantom and animal studies were also included. Major outcomes that were assessed included surgical error, anatomical localization accuracy, total procedural time, and patient outcome.

Results

A total of 37 studies were included. Overall, the implementation of CSTs had better surgical performance than the traditional methods. Most studies reported decreased error rate and increased efficiency. In terms of accuracy, most CSTs had over 90% accuracy in identifying anatomical markers with an error margin below 5 mm. Most studies reported a decrease in surgical time, although some were statistically insignificant.

Discussion

CSTs have been shown to reduce the mental workload of surgeons. However, the limited ergonomic design of current CSTs has hindered their widespread use in the clinical setting. Overall, more clinical data on actual patients is needed to provide concrete evidence before the ubiquitous implementation of CSTs.
The presence of hostile media phenomenon in Ethiopian private, federal and regional television channels
Authors: Wolde Bereket Wondimu , Woldearegay Amanuel Gebru
Published: December 2023

Since Ethiopia’s 2018 transition, sporadic ethnic and political violence and conflict and inter-group divisions have brought the nation to its knees. This study aims to assess the presence of the Hostile Media Phenomenon (HMP) among audiences of Ethiopian private, regional and federal television channels. Survey data were gathered from 600 participants living in Addis Ababa City, Amhara and Oromia regional states and were purposely chosen based on their historical and political dominance in the country. The study examined six different television channels found in the three regions: Oromia Broadcast Network (OBN), Amhara Broadcast Corporation, Addis TV, Wlata TV, Fana Broadcast Corporation (FBC) and Ethiopian Broadcast Corporation (EBC). The results of this study indicate that the regional states’ television channels play a major role in intensifying the hostile media phenomenon as well as in motivating violence and conflict among different regional states and groups of people.
#BlackatCMO: Challenging charter schools through youth Instagram counterstories
Authors: Narayanan Madhu , McCluskey Matthew S
Published: December 2023

As protests flared in 2020, Black students took to Instagram to voice their experiences at ‘no-excuses’ Charter Management Organizations (CMOs). Such schools have presented a discourse of high achievement and social justice. Yet, in the span of a few weeks, hundreds of posts on Instagram offered rarely heard counter-narratives of the experience of being a student of Color at such schools. This paper analyzes how social media posts combine online discourse and youth culture to provide insight into the racialized experience of schooling. We show how these posts created distinct visual signatures, co-opted the well-crafted narratives of CMOs, and took advantage of features like comments and hashtags to foster solidarity and authenticity. We argue this social movement challenges the legitimacy of CMOs and their authority to teach children of Color.
Preliminary study on the short-term changes of pulmonary perfusion after a single balloon pulmonary angioplasty in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Hou Peng , Chen Hai-Ming , Lin Si-Yan , Guo Wen-Liang , Chen Peng-Hao , Lin Jie-Long , Wu Xiao-Feng , Liu Chun-Li , Wang Xin-Lu , Hong Cheng
Published: December 2023

Background:

Little is known about immediate responses of blood perfusion to the balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) procedure.

Objectives:

To investigate the changes in pulmonary perfusion of balloon-dilated vessels and untreated vessels with before, immediately after a single BPA and at follow-up.

Design:

Retrospective single-center cohort study.

Methods:

Patients who had chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and completed the pulmonary perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging before, immediately after BPA and at follow-up were included. We evaluated the perfusion defects of both-lung, BPA target (balloon dilated) and non-target (untreated) vessel segments according to Begic 3-point scale in each lung segment.

Results:

Forty patients (40 BPA procedures) were included and were given next BPA after 89 (62–125) days. The hemodynamic parameters including mPAP, PVR, and RAP were significantly improved after a single BPA. Visual scoring results of pulmonary perfusion imaging in 40 BPAs showed the perfusion defect scores of target vessels reduced from 5.6 ± 2.6 to 4.2 ± 2.2 ( p < 0.001) immediately after BPA, and then further diminished to 3.1 ± 1.9 ( p < 0.001) at follow-up. While in the non-target vessels, the post-BPA perfusion defect scores did not change significantly (13.4 ± 4.7 versus 12.8 ± 4.6, p = 0.182), but tended to decrease at follow-up (12.2 ± 4.2). However, there were 17 BPAs of which the post-BPA perfusion defect scores of non-target vessels increased significantly ( p < 0.001), but decreased at follow-up.

Conclusion:

In addition to improving the blood perfusion of target vessels, BPA also has a certain effect on the perfusion of some non-target vessels.
The relationship of self-efficacy, self-advocacy and multicultural counselling competency of school counsellors: A structural equation model
Authors: Aydogan Mustafa , McGlothlin Jason , Jencius Marty
Published: December 2023

School counsellors are the main drivers of change in creating a multicultural environment for all students. This study used structural equation modelling to investigate directional relationships among self-efficacy, self-advocacy and multicultural counselling competence in a sample of school counsellors ( N = 306). The data were collected from 306 practising school counsellors in the US. The results suggested that self-advocacy was statistically related to self-efficacy, in turn self-efficacy was associated with multicultural counselling competence. Structural model indicated that self-advocacy had a strong indirect effect on multicultural counselling competence mediated by self-efficacy. Accordingly, the findings implicate that school counsellors could start with smaller and realistic projects in working with diverse school populations as their positive experiences in this area could increase their ability to advocate for multicultural school environments.
Supervision practices in school counsellor education: A comparison across two countries
Authors: Yöntem Mustafa Kemal , Aydogan Mustafa , Sarıkaya Yusuf
Published: December 2023

Supervision is an essential part of school counsellor education training, particularly during internship and practicum experiences, as it plays a crucial role in assisting counsellor trainees in adapting to their new roles and identities. While essential to the profession, supervision literature lacks comparison studies across countries, leaving a significant gap in our understanding of whether, and to what extent, supervision is being effectively practised cross-nationally. In the current study, authors utilized a multisite analytic approach as a form of case study method to investigate similarities and differences in counsellor educators’ school counselling supervision practices in the US and Türkiye. The study sample included a total of four counsellor education programmes, consisting of two programmes from each country. The results indicated that while counsellor educators in the US pay more attention to crisis management, suicide assessment, feedback acceptance, multicultural issues, school counsellor self-care, and mindfulness, their counterparts in Türkiye focus on creating counselling goals, counselling micro-skills, theories, and techniques. The results also provided further support for an independent counsellor education accreditation body that could oversee the supervision practices across counsellor education programmes in Türkiye for a united counsellor training, supervision, and professional counsellor identity.
Toward Evacuation Training in Virtual Reality: Requirements Gathering for Wildfire Experiences
Authors: Loh Zoe , Crosby Alison , Kurniawan Sri , Castro Spencer C.
Published: December 2023

With increasing wildfires in the Western U.S., preparing individuals for evacuations has become vital. However, putting people in the presence of actual flames and smoke would be dangerous. Virtual Reality training provides valuable experience without endangering safety. To be optimally effective, a training should be designed by combining best practices with user insights. This study analyzed interviews with ten evacuees to identify their regrets and needs for future evacuations, informing VR training design. In a thematic analysis, the themes of Communication, Reflection, and Item Management emerged as critical. In a follow-up survey, participants ranked medicine, documents, and a first-aid kit as the most important items to pack during evacuation. By leveraging evacuee insights, VR training can address communication, mitigate regrets, and improve item management, empowering individuals with skills to navigate evacuations confidently.
Dasatinib induced nephrotic range proteinuria in pediatric patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with hyper-eosinophilia
Authors: Alqahtani Shaikha , Authement Craig , Swinford Rita , McCall David
Published: December 2023

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have improved outcomes for Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). There has been reports of dasatinib induced proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome. We present a case of a 14-year-old male with high-risk B- ALL who developed nephrotic syndrome due to dasatinib. Proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome should be considered as related adverse effects from dasatinib. This is the first reported case of dasatinib induced nephrotic range proteinuria in a patient with high-risk B-ALL with hyper-eosinophilia.
Phase 1b trial of tagraxofusp in combination with azacitidine with or without venetoclax in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Lane Andrew A. , Garcia Jacqueline S. , Raulston Evangeline G. , Garzon Jada L. , Galinsky Ilene , Baxter Emilie W. , Leonard Rebecca , DeAngelo Daniel J. , Luskin Marlise R. , Reilly Christopher R. , Stahl Maximilian , Stone Richard M. , Vedula Rahul S. , Wadleigh Martha M. , Winer Eric S. , Mughal Tariq , Brooks Christopher , Gupta Ira V. , Stevenson Kristen E. , Neuberg Donna S. , Ren Siyang , Keating Julia , Konopleva Marina , Stein Anthony , Pemmaraju Naveen
Published: December 2023

CD123, a subunit of the interleukin-3 receptor, is expressed on ∼80% of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs). Tagraxofusp (TAG), recombinant interleukin-3 fused to a truncated diphtheria toxin payload, is a first-in-class drug targeting CD123 approved for treatment of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm. We previously found that AMLs with acquired resistance to TAG were re-sensitized by the DNA hypomethylating agent azacitidine (AZA) and that TAG-exposed cells became more dependent on the antiapoptotic molecule BCL-2. Here, we report a phase 1b study in 56 adults with CD123-positive AML or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), first combining TAG with AZA in AML/MDS, and subsequently TAG, AZA, and the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax (VEN) in AML. Adverse events with 3-day TAG dosing were as expected, without indication of increased toxicity of TAG or AZA+/−VEN in combination. The recommended phase 2 dose of TAG was 12 μg/kg/day for 3 days, with 7-day AZA +/− 21-day VEN. In an expansion cohort of 26 patients (median age 71) with previously untreated European LeukemiaNet adverse-risk AML (50% TP53 mutated), triplet TAG-AZA-VEN induced response in 69% (n=18/26; 39% complete remission [CR], 19% complete remission with incomplete count recovery [CRi], 12% morphologic leukemia-free state [MLFS]). Among 13 patients with TP53 mutations, 7/13 (54%) achieved CR/CRi/MLFS (CR = 4, CRi = 2, MLFS = 1). Twelve of 17 (71%) tested responders had no flow measurable residual disease. Median overall survival and progression-free survival were 14 months (95% CI, 9.5-NA) and 8.5 months (95% CI, 5.1-NA), respectively. In summary, TAG-AZA-VEN shows encouraging safety and activity in high-risk AML, including TP53-mutated disease, supporting further clinical development of TAG combinations. The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT03113643.
sBioSITe enables sensitive identification of the cell surface proteome through direct enrichment of biotinylated peptides
Authors: Garapati Kishore , Ding Husheng , Charlesworth M. Cristine , Kim Yohan , Zenka Roman , Saraswat Mayank , Mun Dong-Gi , Chavan Sandip , Shingade Ashish , Lucien Fabrice , Zhong Jun , Kandasamy Richard K. , Pandey Akhilesh
Published: December 2023

Background

Cell surface proteins perform critical functions related to immune response, signal transduction, cell–cell interactions, and cell migration. Expression of specific cell surface proteins can determine cell-type identity, and can be altered in diseases including infections, cancer and genetic disorders. Identification of the cell surface proteome remains a challenge despite several enrichment methods exploiting their biochemical and biophysical properties.

Methods

Here, we report a novel method for enrichment of proteins localized to cell surface. We developed this new approach designated surface Biotinylation Site Identification Technology (sBioSITe) by adapting our previously published method for direct identification of biotinylated peptides. In this strategy, the primary amine groups of lysines on proteins on the surface of live cells are first labeled with biotin, and subsequently, biotinylated peptides are enriched by anti-biotin antibodies and analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS).

Results

By direct detection of biotinylated lysines from PC-3, a prostate cancer cell line, using sBioSITe, we identified 5851 peptides biotinylated on the cell surface that were derived from 1409 proteins. Of these proteins, 533 were previously shown or predicted to be localized to the cell surface or secreted extracellularly. Several of the identified cell surface markers have known associations with prostate cancer and metastasis including CD59, 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain (SLC3A2) and adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E5 (CD97). Importantly, we identified several biotinylated peptides derived from plectin and nucleolin, both of which are not annotated in surface proteome databases but have been shown to have aberrant surface localization in certain cancers highlighting the utility of this method.

Conclusions

Detection of biotinylation sites on cell surface proteins using sBioSITe provides a reliable method for identifying cell surface proteins. This strategy complements existing methods for detection of cell surface expressed proteins especially in discovery-based proteomics approaches.
Ecological factors and parity mode correlate with genome size variation in squamate reptiles
Authors: Saha Anik , Bellucci Arianna , Fratini Sara , Cannicci Stefano , Ciofi Claudio , Iannucci Alessio
Published: December 2023

Background

Evidence of correlation between genome size, the nuclear haploid DNA content of a cell, environmental factors and life-history traits have been reported in many animal species. Genome size, however, spans over three orders of magnitude across taxa and such a correlation does not seem to follow a universal pattern. In squamate reptiles, the second most species-rich order of vertebrates, there are currently no studies investigating drivers of genome size variability. We run a series of phylogenetic generalized least-squares models on 227 species of squamates to test for possible relationships between genome size and ecological factors including latitudinal distribution, bioclimatic variables and microhabitat use. We also tested whether genome size variation can be associated with parity mode, a highly variable life history trait in this order of reptiles.

Results

The best-fitting model showed that the interaction between microhabitat use and parity mode mainly accounted for genome size variation. Larger genome sizes were found in live-bearing species that live in rock/sand ecosystems and in egg-laying arboreal taxa. On the other hand, smaller genomes were found in fossorial live-bearing species.

Conclusions

Environmental factors and species parity mode appear to be among the main parameters explaining genome size variation in squamates. Our results suggest that genome size may favour adaptation of some species to certain environments or could otherwise result from the interaction between environmental factors and parity mode. Integration of genome size and genome sequencing data could help understand the role of differential genome content in the evolutionary process of genome size variation in squamates.