bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The dynamic interaction between investor attention and green security market: an empirical study based on Baidu index
Authors: Gao Yang , Li Yangyang , Wang Yaojun
Published: December 2021

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the interaction between investor attention and green security markets, including green bonds and stocks.

Design/methodology/approach

This study takes the Baidu index of “green finance” as the proxy for investor attention and constructs several generalized prediction error variance decomposition models to investigate the interdependence. It further analyzes the dynamic interaction between investor attention and the return and volatility of green security markets using the rolling time window.

Findings

The empirical analysis and robustness test results reveal that the spillovers between investor attention and the return and volatility of the green bond market are relatively stable. In contrast, the spillover level between investor attention and the green stock market displays significant time-varying and asymmetric effects. Moreover, the volatility spillover between investor attention and green securities is vulnerable to major financial events, while the return spillover is extremely sensitive to market performance.

Originality/value

The conclusion further expands the practical application and theoretical framework of behavioral finance in green finance and provides a new reference for investors and regulators. Besides, this study also lays a theoretical basis for investors to focus on the practical application of volatility prediction and risk management in green securities.
Two three-phase linear power flow models for distribution power system under polar coordinates
Authors: Mao Wenjin , Li Hongwei
Published: December 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to provide a non-iterative linear method to solve the power flow equations of alternating current (AC) power grid. Traditional iterative power flow calculation is limited in speed and reliability, and it is unsuitable for the real-time and online applications of the modern distribution power system (DPS). Thus, it would be of great significance if a fast and flexible linear power flow (LPF) solution could be introduced particularly necessary for the robust and fast control of DPS, especially when the system consists of star and delta connections ZIP load (a constant impedance, Z, load, a constant current, I, load and a constant power, P, load) and the high penetration of distributed solar and wind power generators.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the features of DPS and considering the approximate balance of three-phase DPS, several approximations corresponding to the three-phase power flow equations have been discussed and analyzed. Then, based on those approximations, two three-phase LPF models have been developed under the polar coordinates. One model has been formulated with the voltage magnitudes [referred to the voltage magniudes based linear power flow method (VMLPF)], and another model has been formulated with the logarithmic transform of voltage magnitudes [referred to the logarithmic transform of voltage based linear power flow method LGLPF)].

Findings

The institute of electrical and electronic engineers (IEEE) 13-bus, 37-bus, 123-bus and an improved 615-bus unbalanced DPSs are used to test the performances of the methods considering star and delta connections ZIP load and PV buses (voltage-controlled buses). The test results validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed two models. Especially when considering the PV buses and delta connection ZIP load, the proposed two models perform much well. Moreover, the results show that VMLPF performs a bit better than LGLPF.

Research limitations/implications

Except for the transformer with Yg–Yg connection winding can be dealt with directly, the transformers with other connections are not discussed in this proposed paper and need to be further studied.

Originality/value

These proposed two models can deal with ZIP load with star and delta connections as well as multi slack buses and PV buses. The single-phase, two-phase and three-phase hybrid networks can be directly included too. The proposed two models are capable of offering enough accuracy level, and they are therefore suitable for online applications that require a large number of repeated power flow calculations.
Generation Z and intention to use the digital library: does personality matter?
Authors: Sanjeev M.A. , Khademizadeh Shahnaz , Arumugam Thangaraja , Tripathi D.K.
Published: December 2021

Purpose

This study aims to evaluate the role of personality in digital library systems (DLS) adoption intention among Generation Z (Gen-Z) students. The study uses the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology-2 and the five-factor model to investigate personality’s influence on Gen-Z’s DLS adoption intention.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is a descriptive causal investigation based on primary data collected through a self-administered survey using pre-validated tools. The study uses structural equation modeling to investigate personality dimensions’ direct and moderating effect on the dependent, independent variables and their relation.

Findings

The study results indicate that personality has no significant influence on Gen-Z’s DLS adoption, suggesting the ubiquity and inevitability of technology in current times. Also, only performance expectancy had a considerable impact on DLS adoption among Gen-Z going to college – a deviation from past studies where multiple independent variables have influenced DLS adoption when examined from different technology adoption model angles.

Research limitations/implications

The current research is done on Gen-Z, and thus the results are ideographic to the cohort.

Practical implications

The results of the study can be used to effectively design and communicate technology-enabled information solutions among the Cohort.

Social implications

The results of the study help better understand the factors affecting the technology adoption intentions of Gen-Z. Such understanding can help in better design and implementation of technology-enabled solutions for the cohort, maximizing such system adoption and its effective and efficient utilization.

Originality/value

The study explores the impact of personality on DLS adoption intentions, hitherto unexplored. The research also focuses on Gen-Z – a cohort born in a technology-enabled world whose attitude and preferences towards technology might differ. The study’s findings will help understand the influence of personality on DLS adoption among the Gen-Z and can be used to design, promote and evaluate such systems.
Global research mapping on reproductive health: a bibliometric visualisation analysis
Authors: Trivedi Dharmendra , Majumder Navaneeta , Bhatt Atul , Pandya Mayuri , Chaudhari Shanti P.
Published: December 2021

Purpose

This study aims to examine the research productivity and network visualisation on reproductive health (RH) domain with several bibliometric indicators and applied visualisation approach in co-authorship, citation, co-occurrence of keywords and bibliographic coupling analysis in the area of RH.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used bibliometric indicators to determine the highly productive authors, source title, documents and organisations. This study used Web of Science database and retrieved a total of 18,186 scientific publications on the domain of RH published during the period of 2010–2020. Data analysis was also performed using VOS viewer software and RStudio.

Findings

The findings discovered the increasing trends of research publications in reproductive health in past ten years. The USA UK, China and Australia were the top four productive countries in terms of publishing research in the arena, and “Kishsin DM” and “Hauser R” have secured in top two positions under highly prolific authors category. University of California, Harvard University and University of London were observed under the top three productive institutions in the domain. This study also revealed association and collaboration among authors, country and institutions in the visualisation analysis. The core findings of co-occurrence of keywords emphasised that “RH,” “assisted reproductive technology,” “women,” “pregnancy” and “in-vitro fertilization” were established frequently used keywords and have robust link strength.

Practical implications

The findings will be helpful to the researchers to know about the status of latest trends and development of the domain. This study is also helpful to the library authority for collection development in the specific subject domain.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there was no past study found on the evaluation of research productivity and network visualisation in the domain of RH, which is a globally important issue.
A tool for analysing organisational clans and tribes: the case of the transformation of Medellin city, Colombia
Authors: Escobar-Sierra Manuela , Calderón-Valencia Felipe
Published: December 2021

Purpose

Organisational clans and tribes are entities that prescribe the behaviour of collaborators on the basis of cultural values and norms. Consequently, this study aims to propose a management tool based on the analysis and interpretation of organisational clans and tribes.

Design/methodology/approach

With this purpose, first, the authors review the current status of the discussion about organisational clans and tribes, following a sequential mix-method approach that begins with a bibliometric analysis and end with a content review. Based on these results, in the second stage, the authors propose a conceptual tool that analyses clans and tribes in organisations to create and consolidate alliances. Then in the third stage, the authors apply this tool to the transformation of Medellin – a city that was first conceived as violent and now become a good place to live and travel.

Findings

By applying the tool proposed in this study, it is possible to analyse and understand how to transform disagreement into alliance and how clans and tribes – in addition to taking a leading role in organising – are jointly responsible for the results.

Originality/value

Clans and tribes of management are proposed as a tool for organisational management from the analysis and interpretation of clans and tribes in organisations. These clans and tribes of management allow for the intervention of clans and tribes of reference and their consequent emancipation, through organisational clans and tribes that arise naturally, by association or disintegration and that support the management of change required to create effective alliances. Thus, the strategy that should be followed to reinforce the management of changes in organisations is to align alliances with organisational clans and tribes.
Careers of commercially successful female entrepreneurs in context of underdeveloped markets and weak institutions
Authors: Sarpong David , Nyuur Richard , Torbor Mabel Kyeiwaa
Published: December 2021

Purpose

Careers have come to dominate contemporary discourse on gendered entrepreneurship. This paper aims to explore entrepreneurial careers as recounted by commercially successful female entrepreneurs to examine how they strategize to construct desirable careers in contexts characterized by underdeveloped markets and weak institutions.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a qualitative research design, data for our inquiry come from publicly available life history accounts of 20 female entrepreneurs appearing on an enterprise focus television show in Nigeria. The authors supplemented the television interview data with archival data in the form of publicly available digital footprints of the entrepreneurs collected from their company websites, magazines, online newspapers featuring these entrepreneurs and their social media pages such as LinkedIn, Wikipedia, Facebook and Instagram.

Findings

The careers of female entrepreneurs operating in context of underdeveloped institution and markets, the authors found, are characterized by four heterogeneous ingrained dispositions and actions reflecting how they got in and got on with their entrepreneurial careers: (1) “Observing and playing business,” (2) traipsing the “path less traveled,” (3) a hook to the “Pierian spring” of entrepreneurship and (4) “Grace under pressure” in decision-making.

Originality/value

The authors contribute to the entrepreneurship literature by providing insight into the lived experiences, agency and careers of commercially successful female entrepreneurs as played out in the form of a contextual practice of “wayfinding” to starting up and managing their own business ventures.
Examining country development indicators and e-waste under the moderating effect of country development levels and e-waste policy
Authors: Kalia Prateek , Zia Adil , Mladenović Dušan
Published: December 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate if country development indicators, i.e. gross domestic product per capita (GDPPC), literacy rate, internet penetration and urban population, influence the generation of e-waste on a global level. The moderation effect due to differences between countries in terms of absence or presence of e-waste policy and level of development is also checked.

Design/methodology/approach

This is an archival study that builds upon data from United Nations (UN), World Bank and Global E-waste Statistics Partnership. The authors did a path analysis comprising mediation and multigroup analyses to decipher the proposed rese arch model containing data from 172 countries.

Findings

The results indicate that GDPPC, literacy rate, internet penetration and urban population do not directly influence the generation of e-waste. However, higher internet penetration in developing countries leads to higher e-waste, while higher literacy rates in developed countries suppress e-waste generation. When it comes to e-waste policy, a higher urban population without a regulatory legal framework boosts higher e-waste. The authors observed that higher internet penetration leads to higher e-waste in the presence of e-waste policy as well.

Originality/value

This is the first study to include economic well-being indicators in elaborating e-waste generation, on a global scale. No previous study has observed differences between countries nested in e-waste policy and level of development.
Beyond embedded or not embedded: immigrant entrepreneurs’ embeddedness levels
Authors: Yetkin Uǧur , Tunçalp Deniz
Published: December 2021

Purpose

This paper aims to review the immigrant entrepreneurship literature to locate how researchers consider embeddedness to home and host countries beyond the “embedded” or “not” dichotomy.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper conducts a systematic literature review. The authors found 106 articles in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, using a structured search and selection protocol.

Findings

Few articles perceive embeddedness openly as a gradual phenomenon. However, articles in the review use different approaches for considering relative levels of embeddedness, such as depth of social ties. In addition, some articles take a dual perspective or make multi-contextual comparisons to acknowledge immigrant entrepreneurs’ embeddedness levels. These articles emphasise embeddedness as a gradual phenomenon to understand the complexity of immigrant entrepreneurs’ contextualisation better. Based on the review, the paper develops a model, considering embeddedness as an emergent result of the immigrants’ engagement with spaces, networks, markets and institutions of a given home or host context. It also accounts for the dynamic interaction between contextual factors as embeddedness levels change.

Research limitations/implications

The paper has located all relevant papers in the used databases. However, the systematic review protocol naturally limits its scope. Nevertheless, the developed model based on the review helps researchers develop a more comprehensive understanding of embeddedness and possibly ask novel questions.

Social implications

This paper can help policymakers improve their policies for the progressive social integration of immigrants, as it helps consider different embeddedness levels.

Originality/value

Researchers mainly consider individuals’ embeddedness as either “embedded” or “not.” However, we can also understand embeddedness at various levels, e.g. partial, increasing/decreasing and gradual. Significant changes occur in the embeddedness of individuals during immigration. Additionally, contextual relations intertwine immigrants’ entrepreneurial activity over time. The paper reviews embeddedness in the immigrant entrepreneurship literature, searching beyond the dichotomic use of embeddedness. Then, it develops a theoretical understanding of embeddedness levels.
Evaluating the key risk factors in PPP-procured mass housing projects in Nigeria: a Delphi study of industry experts
Authors: Arijeloye Bamidele Temitope , Aje Isaac Olaniyi , Oke Ayodeji Emmanuel
Published: December 2021

Purpose

The purpose of the study is to elicit risk factors that are peculiar to public-private partnership (PPP)-procured mass housing in Nigeria from the expert perspectives in ensuring the success of the scheme thereby reducing housing deficit in the country.

Design/methodology/approach

The risk inherent in construction projects had been established through literature in general. The risk in PPP projects is emerging because of the recent acceptance of the procurement option by governments all over the globe. The Nigerian Government has also adopted the procurement option in bridging the housing deficit in the country. This study, therefore, conducts a Delphi survey on the probability of risk occurrence peculiar to PPP mass housing projects (MHPs) in Nigeria. Pragmatic research approach through the mixed method of both quantitative and qualitative methods was adopted for this study. The quantitative method adopts the administration of questionnaires through the Delphi survey, whereas the qualitative method used interviews with the respondents. A two-stage Delphi questionnaire was administered to construction practitioners that cut across academics, the public and the private sectors by adopting convenient sampling techniques and following the Delphi principles and procedures. A total of 63 risk factors were submitted to the expert to rank on a Likert scale of 7 and any risk factors that the mean item score (MIS) falls below the grading scale of the five-point benchmark is deemed not necessary a risk factor associated with PPP MHPs and thereby expunged from the second round of the Delphi Survey. The interview was subsequently applied to the respondents to substantiate the risk factors that are peculiar to PPP-procured mass housing in the study area.

Findings

The findings show that risk factors such as maintenance frequent than expected, life of facility shorter than anticipated and maintenance cost higher than expected fall below 5.0 benchmark with MIS of 4.64 and 4.55 indicating that the risk factors are not peculiar to PPP mass housing in Nigeria.

Research limitations/implications

The implication for practise of this research is that these risk factors provide the PPP stakeholders with the comprehensive checklists that can aid in developing PPP risk assessment guidelines in the sector though both partners should be aware of the dynamic nature of risk because new ones might be emerging.

Originality/value

The authors hereby declare that the research findings are a product of a thorough research conducted in the study area and have not to be submitted or published by another person or publisher and due acknowledgement was made where necessary.
Neurodiversity and remote work in times of crisis: lessons for HR
Authors: Szulc Joanna Maria , McGregor Frances-Louise , Cakir Emine
Published: December 2021

Purpose

The rich qualitative study builds on 11 semi-structured interviews with nine neurodivergent employees and two business professionals supportive of neurodiversity to understand the lived experiences of dealing with crisis in a remote working environment.

Design/methodology/approach

The purpose of the reported research is to understand how neurominorities experience remote working in the times of crisis and what the implications of this are for human resource (HR) professionals.

Findings

Moving to remote work resulted in a lack of routine, distractions and working long hours, which can all be difficult for line managers to monitor. Further problems with communication in a virtual environment and lack of understanding by others were found to be particularly burdensome to neurodivergent individuals. On the positive note, remote working in the times of crisis allowed for avoiding sensory overwhelm and was seen as an important step in creating a healthy work–life balance (WLB).

Practical implications

The findings of this study point HR practitioners' attention towards building a more neurodiversity friendly post-pandemic workplace and prompt employers to offer working arrangements, which better suit employees' domestic and personal circumstances.

Originality/value

This study addresses the lack of research on the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on neurominorities. In doing so, it answers recent calls to move away from universal HR as a route to positive employee outcomes and facilitates a more accurate reflection of organizational reality for disadvantaged members of society.
PRO‐GROWTH ETHOS MEDIATED BY RACE: No YIMBY, No Zoning and the Housing Crisis in Houston
Authors: Lowe Jeffrey S. , Richards Assata
Published: December 2021

YIMBY proponents typically demand deregulating zoning to allow for increasing housing density through pro‐development market‐oriented means. Their insistence is guided by the assumption that an increase in housing supply will result in lower housing prices and, subsequently, more affordable housing units. We contend that even without zoning, market speculation in land, not housing supply, determines the future of affordable housing. Moreover, a pro‐growth ethos that exists among elites, regardless of race or ethnicity, sustains land speculation and fuels the affordable‐housing crisis. Using secondary sources to explore the impact of no zoning, as well as the dominant private‐property paradigm and pro‐growth ethos in Houston, Texas, the case of Acres Homes illuminates the nascent response for social control and ownership of land as a form of resistance to market‐based development that displaces lower‐income households and Black communities. Deregulating the market curtails equity and restrains the resistance necessary to bring about cultural and structural changes that will end the affordable housing crisis.
Non‐thermal pretreatment affects Ginkgo biloba L. seed's product qualities, sensory, and physicochemical properties
Authors: Boateng Isaac Duah , Zhang Wenxue , Li Yuan‐Yuan , Saalia Firibu Kwesi , Yang Xiao‐Ming
Published: December 2021

Drying plays a significant role in Ginkgo biloba seed's (GBS) processing, and the previous research showed drying affected the product quality. A combined hurdle drying technology (integrated non‐thermal pretreatment and drying) could be applied on GBS to achieve better product quality. Osmotic (OS), osmo‐vacuum (OS + V), sonication (US), and osmosonication (OS + US) pretreatment followed by infrared drying was performed on GBS, and the product qualities (texture, color, enzyme inactivation, water activity, and microstructure), physicochemical properties (titrable acidity, reducing sugar, soluble solids, total sugar, free amino acid, and ascorbic acid), and organoleptic qualities were evaluated. Results showed pretreatment had various effects on physicochemical and product quality, and was confirmed by principal component analysis (PCA). The sensory scores, acceptability index combined with Pearson's correlation, and PCA showed that different pretreatments influenced the likeness and acceptability, and color, taste, and odor were the key determinants and strongly associated with the consumers' preferences. The untreated GBS (no pretreatment before drying) had a higher color change and lower enzyme inactivation. Pretreatment increased texture preservation after thermal processing, although it had a negative effect on soluble solids, reducing sugar and total sugar content. While the US improved the texture, it resulted in shrinkage (from the microstructure) and total sugar degradation. Among the various hurdle technologies, osmosonication (OS + US, followed by infrared drying) had the highest sensory attributes, free amino acid, slight structure deformation, and lowest water activity. The present study showed that osmosonication is a promising hurdle technology for GBS because it provides better quality attributes.

Practical Application

Previous research showed that Ginkgo biloba seed (GBS) drying has an impact on product quality, which will ultimately determine GBS acceptance. This research was set out to envisage and advance current dryer design by merging the sequential operations (integrated non‐thermal pretreatment and drying), also known as hurdle drying technology on GBS, to achieve better process efficiency, product quality, and make GBS's drying process more sustainable. The various pretreatments improved ginkgo seed's product qualities compared to the control (no pretreatment prior to drying). Osmosonication is a promising hurdle technology for GBS processing.
Prevalence and impact of diabetes in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Bradley Sian A. , Banach Maciej , Alvarado Negman , Smokovski Ivica , Bhaskar Sonu M. M.
Published: December 2021

Background

Diabetes is a cardiometabolic comorbidity that may predispose COVID‐19 patients to worse clinical outcomes. This study sought to determine the prevalence of diabetes in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients and investigate the association of diabetes severe COVID‐19, rate of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), mortality, and need for mechanical ventilation by performing a systematic review and meta‐analysis.

Methods

Individual studies were selected using a defined search strategy, including results up until July 2021 from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. A random‐effects meta‐analysis was performed to estimate the proportions and level of association of diabetes with clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients. Forest plots were generated to retrieve the odds ratios (OR), and the quality and risk assessment was performed for all studies included in the meta‐analysis.

Results

The total number of patients included in this study was 10 648, of whom 3112 had diabetes (29.23%). The overall pooled estimate of prevalence of diabetes in the meta‐analysis cohort was 31% (95% CI, 0.25‐0.38; z = 16.09, P < .0001). Diabetes significantly increased the odds of severe COVID‐19 (OR 3.39; 95% CI, 2.14‐5.37; P < .0001), ARDS (OR 2.55; 95% CI, 1.74‐3.75; P = <.0001), in‐hospital mortality (OR 2.44; 95% CI, 1.93‐3.09; P < .0001), and mechanical ventilation (OR 3.03; 95% CI, 2.17‐4.22; P < .0001).

Conclusions

Our meta‐analysis demonstrates that diabetes is significantly associated with increased odds of severe COVID‐19, increased ARDS rate, mortality, and need for mechanical ventilation in hospitalized patients. We also estimated an overall pooled prevalence of diabetes of 31% in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients.
Internet on animals: Wi‐Fi‐enabled devices provide a solution for big data transmission in biologging
Authors: Wild Timm A. , Wikelski Martin , Tyndel Stephen , Alarcón‐Nieto Gustavo , Klump Barbara C. , Aplin Lucy M. , Meboldt Mirko , Williams Hannah J.
Published: December 2021

Biologging devices are deployed on animals to collect ultra‐fine‐scale movement data that reveal subsecond patterns in locomotion or long‐term patterns in motion and space use. Often these two data types, although complementary, are rarely collected within the same study, given the limiting factors of memory space, power requirements and the need to retrieve stored data from animals. Biologging requires a revolutionary advancement in data networking to overcome these restrictions that constrain big data collection; for the continuous recording and remote download of fine‐scale movement and environmental data, from long‐term deployments and multiple individuals.

Here, we adopt a strategy from the Internet of Things and develop the use of Wi‐Fi as a solution for big data biologging. Our ‘WildFi’ tag uses pre‐existing, or easy‐to‐set‐up, infrastructure in smartphones and Wi‐Fi gateways. We demonstrate the power of memory management and an embedded modular software architecture for functionality, including collective data retrieval at multiple gateways.

We find that Wi‐Fi, together with smart embedded software, increases the retrieval efficiency of biologging data by orders of magnitude compared to other available systems: with a transmission speed of 230 kByte/s and range of ≤200 m that is 11 times faster than Bluetooth low energy and >3000 times faster than LoRaWAN. Case studies on a domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris), aviary‐housed cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) and free‐roaming pangolins (Smutsia temminckii) demonstrate the functionality of the WildFi tag for remote and robust autonomous Wi‐Fi data transmission under a range of conditions.

Modularity in software and hardware allows for project‐specific tailoring beyond reconfiguring sampling parameters of a biologger, which we encourage with open‐source sharing of our architecture design. Enhanced communication between animal‐attached devices, Wi‐Fi infrastructure and smartphones, alongside smart and collaborative data retrieval, eases restrictions for big data collection in animal ecology.
I know it when I see it: Incidence, timing and intensity of immigration in spruce budworm
Authors: Rhainds Marc , Lavigne Dan , Boulanger Yan , DeMerchant Ian , Delisle Johanne , Motty Jeff , Rideout Troy , Labrecque Alain
Published: December 2021

Incidence of immigration in spruce budworm Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) was inferred with rules of thumb and numerical thresholds contrasting closed populations (residents >> migrants) versus populations subjected to major immigration event, based on attributes of daily time series of abundance at light traps (abundance, statistical mode, sex ratio and protandry level). The data set included time series with known migration event (Bas St‐Laurent, QC, 2013), which were used to calibrate numerical thresholds associated with immigration.

The study site on west coast of Newfoundland provided a natural laboratory to infer long‐range immigration due to geographic isolation from the mainland, proximity to the coast and low population density at onset of the study. Time series between 2014 and 2016 exhibited trends consistent with scenario of closed population, including low numbers of budworms, limited variation in day‐to‐day abundance and strong level of protandry (males fly seasonally earlier than females).

Time series with candidate major immigration event (Bas St‐Laurent 2013, Sally's Cove 2017, 2018) displayed specific combinations of parameters, including: (a) sharp increment (>one order of magnitude) in abundance of both males and females from one day to the next (statistical mode, approximately corresponding to timing of migration); (b) pure (100%) convergence of pulse detection interval (post‐immigration period when migrants with nonzero survival rate are collected at light traps) across traps for males and females and (c) overall absence of protandrous flight.

Parameters related to immigration thresholds highlighted that females are more likely to migrate than males, as indicated by increased ratio of females per male during pulse detection interval. Aerial collection of adult spruce budworms with helikite in 2019 confirmed the preponderance of females among true migrants.
Ultrasound biomicroscopy of the anterior segment in patients with primary congenital glaucoma: a review of the literature
Authors: Janssens Robin , van Rijn Laurentius J. , Eggink Cathrien A. , Jansonius Nomdo M. , Janssen Sarah F.
Published: December 2021

Purpose

Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a form of childhood glaucoma caused by maldevelopment of the anterior chamber. Disease severity differs greatly amongst patients. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a non‐invasive technique that can visualize the anterior segment in infants in vivo. The purpose of this narrative review is to make an overview of the UBM data in PCG and study the applicability of UBM in characterizing the disease.

Methods

An online search was performed on PubMed in December 2020. After a critical appraisal of the included articles, study and patient characteristics were summarized. The UBM measurements of the anterior segment in PCG of the different studies were analysed.

Results

Six studies were included in this review. All were cross‐sectional prospective studies. A total of 221 PCG eyes were examined. PCG eyes showed a larger trabecular iris angle, decreased iris thickness, narrower or absent Schlemm’s canal and an increased zonular length compared to controls. Abnormal tissue membrane covering the trabecular meshwork and abnormal insertion of the iris and ciliary process were frequently found. The success rate of glaucoma surgery depended on the severity of anterior segment malformations found with UBM.

Conclusion

Malformations of the anterior segment in PCG can be demonstrated by UBM in vivo. This imaging can help to characterize disease severity and might support surgical treatment decisions.
Effectiveness of an online positive psychology intervention among Tunisian healthcare students on mental health and study engagement during the Covid‐19 pandemic
Authors: Krifa Imen , Hallez Quentin , van Zyl Llewellyn Ellardus , Braham Amel , Sahli Jihene , Ben Nasr Selma , Shankland Rebecca
Published: December 2021

Research indicates that university students present higher levels of psychological distress compared with non‐student age‐matched youth. These levels are higher among healthcare students, and even higher during the Covid‐19 pandemic. Therefore, cost‐effective large‐scale interventions are needed in order to prevent further development of psychological distress during this period, and more generally. The aim of the current study was to assess the effectiveness of an 8‐week Internet‐based positive psychology intervention for healthcare students in Tunisia. A two‐armed randomized controlled trial was conducted among a sample of 366 health care students (183 in the experimental group and 183 in the control group), with a majority of women (94%). The average age was 20.74 years (±1.64). The participants completed the following online questionnaires at three time‐points (before the program, immediately after, and three months later): stress, anxiety, depression, emotional regulation, optimism, hope, study engagement, and well‐being. Repeated‐measures ANOVAs revealed significant positive effects of the intervention on all the measured variables for the experimental group. The results showed a significant improvement immediately after the intervention compared to the control group, which was maintained three months later. This program may thus be considered as a promising means of improving students' mental health and study engagement.
Spindle cell tumors of the pleura and the peritoneum: pathologic diagnosis and updates
Authors: Boyraz Baris , Hung Yin P.
Published: December 2021

A diverse group of both benign and malignant spindle cell tumors can involve the pleura or the peritoneum. Due to their rarity and overlapping morphologic features, these tumors can pose considerable diagnostic difficulty in surgical pathology. As these tumors differ in their prognosis and clinical management, their correct pathologic diagnosis is critical. In addition to histologic assessment, select immunohistochemical and molecular tools can aid the distinction among these tumors. In this review, we consider some of the major histologic differential diagnosis of spindle cell tumors involving these serosal membranes. This list of tumors includes solitary fibrous tumor, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, desmoid fibromatosis, synovial sarcoma, sarcomatoid carcinoma, spindle cell melanoma, dedifferentiated liposarcoma, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, and sarcomatoid mesothelioma. We describe their salient clinicopathologic and genetic findings, with a review on some of the recent discoveries on their molecular pathogenesis.
The interactions of volcanism and clastic sedimentation in rift basins: Insights from the Palaeogene‐Neogene Shaleitian uplift and surrounding sub‐basins, Bohai Bay Basin, China
Authors: Chen Hehe , Zhu Xiaomin , Gawthorpe Robert L. , Wood Lesli J. , Liu Qianghu , Li Shunli , Shi Ruisheng , Li Huiyong
Published: December 2021

Although volcanism is an important process in the evolution of rift basins, current tectono‐sedimentary models largely neglect its impact on sediment supply, transport pathways, and depositional systems. In this paper, we integrate core, well logs, and 3D seismic data from the Palaeogene‐Neogene Shaleitian (SLT) uplift and surrounding sub‐basins, Bohai Bay Basin, China, to investigate the sedimentology and geomorphology of a volcanic rift basin. Results of this study show that the spatial distribution of extrusive centres was strongly controlled by basement‐involved intra‐basin normal faults. During the early part of the syn‐rift stage, the SLT uplift supplied sediments to transverse fan deltas and braided‐river deltas that fringed the adjacent syn‐rift depocentres. Volcanic deposits mainly occurred as relatively thin lava flow and pyroclastic facies that partially filled fault‐controlled topographic lows, reducing topographic rugosity, and enhanced breaching of basement highs between syn‐rift depocentres. Integration of drainage to the syn‐rift depocentres and development of through‐flowing axial depositional systems was enhanced. During the later part of syn‐rift and in early post‐rift stages, the SLT uplift was progressively inundated, reducing sediment supply to the fringing transverse depositional systems. In contrast, axial braided‐river deltas became the main depositional systems, sourced by large hinterland drainage from the Yanshan fold‐belt to the northwest. Volcanism in the late syn‐rift and early post‐rift occurs as thick lava flow and pyroclastic facies that infill rift topographic lows and locally blocked axial fluvial systems creating isolated lakes. Within hanging wall depocentres, volcanic topographic highs split and diverted axial fluvial and deltaic systems. Furthermore, volcanism supplied large volumes of volcanic sediment to the rift resulting in increased sedimentation rates, and the development of unstable subaerial and subaqueous slopes and deposits, increasing the occurrence of landslides. Based on the observations of this study we update tectono‐sedimentary models for rift basins to include volcanism.
Squalene synthase predicts poor prognosis in stage I‐III colon adenocarcinoma and synergizes squalene epoxidase to promote tumor progression
Authors: Jiang Huihong , Tang Erjiang , Chen Ying , Liu Hailong , Zhao Yun , Lin Moubin , He Luwei
Published: December 2021

Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most prevalent malignancies, with poor prognosis and lack of effective treatment targets. Squalene synthase (FDFT1) is an upstream enzyme of squalene epoxidase (SQLE) in cholesterol biosynthesis. In a previous study, we revealed that SQLE promotes colon cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Here, we investigate the prognostic value of FDFT1 in stage I‐III COAD and explore the potential underlying mechanisms. Squalene synthase was significantly upregulated in stage I‐III COAD and positively correlated with poor differentiation and advanced tumor stage. High expression of FDFT1 was an independent predictor of overall and relapse‐free survival, and the nomograms based on FDFT1 could effectively identify patients at high risk of poor outcome. Squalene synthase accelerated colon cancer cell proliferation and promoted tumor growth. Lack of FDFT1 resulted in accumulating NAT8 and D‐pantethine to lower reactive oxygen species levels and inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, the combined inhibition of FDFT1 and SQLE induced a greater suppressive effect on cell proliferation and tumor growth than single inhibition. Taken together, these results indicate that FDFT1 predicts poor prognosis in stage I‐III COAD and has the tumor‐promoting effect on COAD through regulating NAT8 and D‐pantethine. Targeting both FDFT1 and SQLE is a more promising therapy than their single inhibition for stage I‐III COAD.
Use of a metallic ink marking pen to assist in localization on the skin of lesions detected by reflectance confocal microscopy
Authors: Zhang Li-wen , Fu Li-xin , Wang Wen-ju , Chen Tao
Published: December 2021

We report the use of a marking pen with metallic ink to assist body surface location in reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM). Not only is the marker waterproof, but the metallic ink appears brighter under RCM, thus assisting in identifying location.
Keratinized mucosa changes around one‐stage implants: A prospective case series
Authors: Mainas Giuseppe , Ruiz Magaz Vanessa , Valles Cristina , Mora Javier , Candiago Jacopo , Pascual Andres , Nart Jose
Published: December 2021

Background

The need of an adequate band of keratinized tissue (KT) to maintain periodontal health around teeth as well as around implants has been a debated topic over many years but still no conclusions have been drawn.

Objectives

This prospective case series evaluates the changes undergone by the keratinized mucosa (KM) and the soft tissue volume around non‐submerged implants before the prosthetic rehabilitation.

Material and Methods

A total of 40 patients were included. The primary outcome was to analyze the width of the KM at both buccal and lingual aspects compared to the pre‐existing KT in the edentulous ridge only in mandibular (pre)molar area. The mucogingival line was marked with a surgical pen and an intra‐oral scanner was used to take the impression of the implant area the day of the surgery (T0, baseline) and before the crown placement (T1, 3 months). Buccal soft tissue volume was measured at 1, 3, and 5 mm apical to the healing abutment position and a comparison between T0 and T1 was performed. Student t‐test was used according to the distribution of the data (Shapiro–Wilk).

Results

The mean KT width at baseline was 4.54 ± 1.31 mm at buccal side and 5.04 ± 1.88 mm at lingual side. After 3 months, the mean KM values were 3.15 ± 1.03 mm and 3.72 ± 1.56 mm at the buccal and lingual aspects, respectively. The differences, 30.6% of KM reduction buccally and 26.1% of reduction lingually, were statistically significant for both sides.

Conclusions

Within the limitations of this investigation, it was observed that the KM width from the baseline to the 3 months follow up presented a significant dimensional change in both the buccal and lingual aspects, whereas buccal soft tissue volume showed an increase between baseline and follow up.
The nature and causes of children's grammatical difficulties: Evidence from an intervention to improve past tense marking in children with Down syndrome
Authors: Baxter Rebecca , Rees Rachel , Perovic Alexandra , Hulme Charles
Published: December 2021

Children with language learning difficulties frequently display problems learning grammar. One such group is children with Down syndrome. This study evaluates the effectiveness of an intervention to teach the use of the regular simple past tense to children with Down syndrome. Trained teaching assistants delivered the intervention for 20 min per day for 10 weeks. We conducted a Randomised Controlled Trial, with a waiting list control design in which the Intervention group (N = 26) received the intervention immediately, while the delayed intervention group (N = 26) received the intervention later. Immediately following the intervention, the intervention group showed significantly larger gains in the use of regular simple past tense forms (d = 1.63 on a composite measure of simple past tense formation) as well as generalisation to verbs not explicitly taught. In addition, following the intervention children made overregularisation errors by incorrectly using regular simple past tense marking for irregular verbs; such errors support the claim that children had acquired generative knowledge underlying past tense marking. The delayed intervention control group showed identical benefits from the intervention when they received it, and the gains shown by the intervention group were maintained at follow up testing. This study shows that children with Down syndrome, who display severe language difficulties, can be taught to use simple past tense marking. The theoretical and applied implications of these findings for understanding the nature, causes and treatments of children's language difficulties are discussed.
Political economy of immigration policy in GCC countries
Authors: Jaeck Louis
Published: December 2021

This paper focuses on immigration control in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries from a theoretical perspective. Gulf countries have massively relied on labor imports from the wider Arab world and South Asia, as the nationals' populations were too small to fill the growing need to expand infrastructure and development projects. Relying on a common agency model of lobbying adapted to an autocratic setting, it analyzes the setting of an immigration policy as a political compromise pressured by a multinational firm established in the host country and national citizens. Its main theoretical result is counterintuitive and highlights that, although Gulf countries' nationals value a tighter control on immigration to preserve a social capital that is perceived to be threaten by unlimited inflows of foreign migrants, the level of immigration control is lower than its socially optimal value. The impact of immigration control on the wages of unskilled workers is a key component of the model. This theoretical modeling helps to understand the limited effectiveness of the “Kafala” reforms implemented during the 2000s and beyond, as well as their inability to curb large‐scale migrations to the Gulf countries' economies.