bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interactive Media Based on Articulate Storyline to Improve IPAS Learning Outcomes
Authors: Mustikawati Maylani , Isdaryanti Barokah
Published: September 2024

This study aims to develop, test the feasibility, and effectiveness of articulate storyline-based interactive media.Type of research and development (R&D) development research with ADDIE development model, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation.Research subjects were grade IV students totaling 31 children.Data collection techniques with observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation data.The results of media expert validation show a percentage value of 86.6% very feasible category,material experts with a percentage value of 95%  very feasible category.The results of the average value of pretests and posttests of students show an increase of 20.8 with an N-Gain value of 0.6 in the moderate category.Conclusion of the research results is the implementation of the use of interactive media based on articulate storyline with ADDIE development model is feasible and effective to improve IPAS learning outcomes of fourth grade students of SD Negeri Klepu 01.
FARMACOVIGILÂNCIA: VISÃO HISTÓRICA E MÉTODOS DE COLETA DE EVENTOS ADVERSOS
Authors:   , Coscelli Piettro
Published: September 2024

A farmacovigilância é uma ferramenta de exímia importância para o acompanhamento de eventos adversos que permeiam o uso de medicamentos, garantindo de maneira contínua que após o início da comercialização, aquela molécula gere maiores benefícios do que riscos à população e que permaneça segura e eficaz com o passar do tempo, evitando que tragédias do passado se repitam, além de buscar maneiras cada vez melhores e efetivas de conseguir informações mais robustas com a finalidade de obter uma análise clínica cada vez mais crítica dos relatos que são identificados e notificados; um grande problema para a farmacovigilância global trata-se das subnotificações, que são quando os profissionais de saúde identificam um evento adverso ou até mesmo quando os pacientes os apresentam durante o uso de um (ou mais) medicamentos, mas que por muitas vezes, por falta de interesse ou por falta de conhecimento da importância destes dados, acabam não notificando ao detentor de registro do medicamento ou à agência regulatória, culminando na eminente perda de informações significantes para a obtenção de novos dados; notando a necessidade de diminuição destes problemas, as agências regulatórias ao redor do mundo em conjunto com a Organização Mundial da Saúde vem cada dia mais, arquitetando novas estratégias que andam em paralelo com o crescente desenvolvimento tecnológico para aumentar de forma considerável o recebimento de dados de farmacovigilância e reduzir as subnotificações.
Ciência e Empreendedorismo:
Authors: Costa Inara Regina Batista da
Published: September 2024

Este livro é um dos produtos do projeto de pesquisa “Pesquisadoras e Empreendedoras conectadas pela ciência e tecnologia na Amazônia” contemplado pelo Programa de Empreendedorismo Feminino (PEF/FAPEAM). Apresenta os dez episódios do podcast "Elas na Ciência" transcritos de forma resumida, em que as pesquisadoras entrevistadas relataram resultados de pesquisas relacionados com os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) da Organização das Nações Unidas. Foi evidenciado um cenário desafiador ao fazer pesquisa de campo nas diferentes Amazônias, assim como fica evidente que o empoderamento feminino é uma força motriz crucial para a inovação e o desenvolvimento sustentável.
Pesquisa Educacional: abordagens e métodos
Authors: Lopes Afonso Filho Nunes , Oliveira Ana da Conceição , Silva Arthur Corrêa , Valente Bianca Campos , Neves Bianca de Araújo , Vale Camila Claíde Souza do , Sarraf Erick Jhonys Paes , Sousa Francisco Cleiton Limeira de , Vieira Hamilton Perninck , Paixão Hélio Mastroianni Martins da , Oliveira Iranildo da Silva , Santos Izabelly Cristina Tavares Magno dos , Lopes João Luiz da Silva , Lima Josinete Pereira , Silva Lana Claudia Macedo da , Gomes Maria Amábia Viana , Silva Maria das Graças da , Arraes Meyrivane Teixeira Santos , Sousa Renan Negrão de , Corrêa Sérgio Roberto Moraes , Costa Tamara Cristina Penha da , Fernandes Wanessa Silva , Silva Wellington Luis dos Santos da
Published: September 2024

Esta obra é fruto do Curso de Especialização em “Pesquisa Educacional: abordagens e métodos”, realizado nos anos de 2022-2023, vinculado ao Departamento de Filosofia e Ciências Sociais da Universidade do Estado do Pará. Trata-se de uma produção coletiva, envolvendo docentes de diferentes áreas de conhecimento: sociologia, antropologia, pedagogia e enfermagem.
O presente e-book reúne um conjunto de quinze estudos científicos desenvolvidos pelos concluintes do Curso de Especialização em Pesquisa Educacional, sob a orientação atenta de seus orientadores. Trata-se de uma publicação original conduzida por discentes sob a orientação dos docentes do curso, frutos de pesquisas qualitativas, empíricas e/ou relatos de experiência, em sua grande maioria, a partir dos desafios do ambiente escolar. Cabe salientar que foram defendidas 21 (vinte e uma) monografias. Contudo, alguns autores optaram por submeter seus artigos para revistas acadêmicas.
A obra, portanto, investiga os diferentes assuntos a partir de amplo embasamento teórico em bibliografia clássica e atualizada, cumprindo o rigor ético e metodológico ao qual todo trabalho acadêmico deve primar. Mais do que uma mera compilação de textos, a obra em questão representa os esforços contínuos e colaborativos de alunos e professores que labutam cotidianamente pelo fazer acadêmico. Todos os trabalhos foram criteriosamente avaliados pelos orientadores e docentes convidados para as bancas de defesa.
Simulasi dan Edukasi Bencana Longsor di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 42 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Angraini Wulan , Oktarianita Oktarianita , Sarkawi Sarkawi , Febriawati Henni
Published: September 2024

Bencana tanah longsor berdampak pada lingkungan fisik dan sosial budaya, sehingga para siswa perlu melaksanakan strategi dalam menghadapi bencana. Tujuan pengabdian ini mendeskripsikan cara menghadapi bencana longsor di sekolah sejak dini. Metode pengabdian ini dengan melakukan edukasi, silmulasi bencana longsor dan gotong royong dalam membuang sampah. Hasil pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) adanya peningkatan pengetahuan siswa setalah diberikan edukasi terkait yang harus dilakukan apabila terjadi longsor 2) Antusiasme siswa dalam mengikuti simulasi bencana longsor berjalan dengan baik dan sukses 3) kegiatan gotong royong yang dilakukan sejak dini mengajarkan kepada siswa bahwa pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan dalam pencegahan longsor adalah dengan membuang sampah pada tempatnya.
“Reckless love”: Sexual Violence, Gendered Interpretations, and Intimate and Aggressive Language in Contemporary Worship Music
Authors: Thiessen Anneli Loepp
Published: September 2024

Abstract: When contemporary worship music emerged over fifty years ago, it was born in part out of the desire for more intimate worship. Widely adopted by white evangelicals, intimate lyrics have granted the genre the nickname of “Jesus is my boyfriend” music. Recently, language for God’s love has depicted an aggressive, overwhelming force through words like “reckless,” “jealous,” and “insatiable.” This article examines connections between this language, sexual intimacy and consent, and evangelical worship. In line with feminist liturgists who have long considered how gendered religious language impacts women’s experiences, it explores the gendered impacts of contemporary worship music’s intimate and aggressive lyrics. Following analysis of several songs that use this language, the article concludes with suggestions for how language and worship structures could be altered to provide respect and agency to worshippers of all genders.
Understanding the concept of undernutrition among children up to 5 years of age
Authors: Jagriti Chandrakar  , Lowkesh Chandravanshi  , Neeraj Agrawal
Published: September 2024

Addressing undernutrition among children requires a holistic approach that involves multiple stakeholders, including governments, policymakers, healthcare providers, communities, and families. Ensuring access to nutritious food, clean water, sanitation, and healthcare services are essential components of any strategy to combat undernutrition. Promoting exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, promoting proper infant and young child feeding practices, and educating caregivers on the importance of nutrition in early childhood are crucial interventions to prevent undernutrition in young children. In addition to addressing the immediate causes of undernutrition, it is essential to address the underlying determinants, such as poverty, lack of education, inadequate healthcare services, and limited access to clean water and sanitation. Investing in social protection programs, improving access to education, promoting women's empowerment, and strengthening healthcare systems are key strategies to address the root causes of undernutrition among children up to five years of age. Undernutrition among children up to five years of age is a significant public health issue with far-reaching consequences on the health and well-being of individuals, families, and communities. By understanding the complex factors that contribute to undernutrition and implementing comprehensive strategies to address the problem, the review article tries to promote and prioritize the nutritional needs of young children and invest in interventions that promote their growth, development, and overall well-being.
Impact of oil price volatility on economic growth in united states: an ordinary least square analysis
Authors: Ismail Abiodun Taiwo  , Latifat Amoke Jayeola  , Adewale Samson Adefokun
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the impact of oil price volatility on economic growth in the United States, while also considering the roles of unemployment rates, interest rates, and inflation. Using a comprehensive dataset and employing various statistical techniques, including summary statistics, correlation analysis, and regression modeling, the study aims to elucidate the relationships between these macroeconomic variables and economic growth. The summary statistics reveal significant variability in oil price volatility, unemployment rates, interest rates, and inflation, all of which influence the economic landscape. The correlation analysis indicates positive associations between GDP and oil price volatility, interest rates, and inflation, while highlighting negative correlations with unemployment rates. The regression analysis further demonstrates that oil price volatility and unemployment rates have statistically significant negative effects on economic growth, whereas interest rates and inflation do not exhibit significant direct effects in the model. The findings underscore the critical impact of oil price stability and labor market conditions on economic performance. Based on these insights, the study recommends policies to mitigate oil price volatility, enhance labor market stability, and foster economic diversification. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors influencing economic growth and offer actionable recommendations for policymakers aiming to promote sustainable economic development
The relationship between anemia in pregnant women and Low Birth Weight (LBW): A literature review
Authors: Ardhila Luthfiana Dwi Putri
Published: September 2024

Iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women is thought to be associated with an increased risk of giving birth to low birth weight (LBW) babies. This study aims to conduct a literature review of the relationship between anemia in pregnant women and the incidence of LBW. The literature review was carried out by searching for research articles in electronic databases. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were then analyzed descriptively. Based on the 6 articles reviewed, there is a significant relationship between anemia in pregnant women and an increased risk of giving birth to LBW. Pregnant women with anemia have a higher risk of giving birth to LBW babies than those without anemia. It is suspected that anemia interferes with the flow of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus, thereby inhibiting its growth. Anemia in pregnant women is associated with an increased risk of LBW. Detection and treatment of anemia from early pregnancy is important to prevent complications of LBW.
Using a simulator of Minigrid modes to solve design problems
Authors: Ozhulas V. A. , Petrishhev A. V. , Fishov A. G.
Published: September 2024

RELEVANCE: The main directions of modern energy development include the use of distributed small-scale generation and various facilities based on them with integration into existing distribution electric networks of centralized power supply, as well as the digitalization of such facilities and technologies for their design, personnel training.

THE PURPOSE: The possibility and effectiveness of using the Minigrid mode and control simulator (a simulator for learning mode management and training operational personnel) as a means of solving a number of design tasks when creating small-scale generation facilities and integrating them into centralized power supply networks to obtain integral indicators of its effectiveness is being investigated.

METHODS: Simulation modeling of normal and emergency modes of «Minigrid» is used on an annual time interval using a digital simulator developed at NSTU. The modes are set by daily load graphs, disturbances by stochastic characteristics. The operational, emergency and operational control of the network circuit and generation is modeled, taking into account the possibilities of autonomous and parallel operation of the Minigrid with an external power system, followed by the calculation of integrated indicators of the technical efficiency of design solutions for generating equipment options and mode control methods.

RESULTS: Using the example of a typical Minigrid, various design tasks are considered, in solving which, according to uniform efficiency indicators, it is possible to evaluate and select the preferred configuration of the local power supply system. In particular, the dependences of the annual undersupply of electricity and the utilization factor of the installed generating capacity of the power plant on the number and capacity of its power units, the operating modes of the Minigrid at a given daily load schedule are obtained. The possibility of expanding the scope of the digital simulator of «Minigrid» modes is demonstrated.

CONCLUSION: The results obtained indicate the effectiveness of using the simulator to solve a number of design tasks when creating a Minigrid. The developed digital simulator of «Minigrid» modes, in addition to learning how to manage modes, can be used as a unified tool for analysis and decision-making at the stage of design alternatives.
Improving the Performance of Coffee MSMEs Through the Application of Technology and E-Marketing
Authors: Ana Selvia Roos , Liyundira Fetri Setyo , Carito Danang Wikan
Published: September 2024

help coffee MSMEs achieve long-term financial stability and sustainable performance. The strategy for implementing this service includes a participatory approach involving Ndeso Coffee MSME Owners who are actively involved in each stage through Focus Group Discussions. Furthermore, intensive training and mentoring by increasing in-depth knowledge about technology management and online marketing performance analysis. The results of the service, which are realized in the form of training and mentoring, show an increase in the quality of products produced by Ndeso Coffee MSMEs through the application of technology in the form of roasting machines. The impact of this can be seen in increasing taste consistency, production quantities, efficiency and effectiveness of time and energy. In terms of training and e-marketing assistance, Kopi Ndeso MSMEs already have online shop and social media accounts as media for sales, promotion and product branding. The training and mentoring activities carried out have had a positive impact on Ndeso Coffee MSMEs. Through these efforts, MSME Kopi Ndeso is able to develop and improve the quality of their products, utilize technology more effectively, and build a customer network in the digital realm.
Model-Based Glycaemic Control in Multicentre ICUswithin Diabetic Patients: In-silico Analysis
Authors:   Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Razak Athirah Abdul , Razak Normy ,   Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Nor Hisham Shah Norliyana ,   Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Abu-Samah Asma ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jamaludin Ummu ,   Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Suhaimi Fatanah ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia
Published: September 2024

Sliding-scale insulin therapy has been vastly used for glycaemic control but dysglycaemia remains high. Model-based glycaemic control that incorporates insulin nutrition protocol was proposed as this therapy provides personalized care to avoid dysglycaemia. Thus, this paper aims to implement in-silico simulation and identifywhich model-based control protocols yield better protocol within ICU diabetic patients based on performance and safety. MulticentreICU patients of 282 were divided into diabetes mellitus (DM)andnon-diabetesmellitus (NDM) cohortwherein-silico simulations were done using Specialised Relative Insulin NutritionTherapy (SPRINT), SPRINT+Glargine and Stochastic Targeted (STAR) protocols. Performance was verified based on thepercentage of blood glucose (BG) time in band (TIB) 6.0 – 10.0 mmol/L and safety with number of mild and severe hypoglycaemia episodes. Among the three protocols, STAR protocol showed the highest median and interquartile range % BG TIB 6.0 – 10.0 mmol/L for DM and NDM patients with 71.6 % [57.9 – 79.8] and 77.4 % [62.9 – 88.8]. The number of hypoglycaemia episodes are the lowest in DM and NDM patients too compared to other protocols. These advantages show that STAR protocol can provide better patient outcomes for glycaemic control with personalized care.
Peace Education dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Yulita Rosi
Published: September 2024

Peace education adalah konsep yang dianggap baik dalam menempuh dunia pendidikan. Penelitian ini mengkaji Peace education yang ada di Indonesia karena keberagamaan yang ada di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian Pustaka. Dalam Agama Islam, pembinaan dan pendidikan agar tidak melakukan sesuatu hal yang dapat merugikan pihak lain diterangkan dengan baik di dalam al-Qur’an yaitu, perintah untuk berbuat amar ma’ruf nahi munkar, selain itu, dalam agama Islam juga diberikan pengarahan bahwa sebagai umat Islam mereka harus mempunyai budi pekerti atau akhlaqul karimah. Arahan ini sesui dengan pluralis yang ada di Indonesia.
TRATAMENTO DE DERMATITE ASSOCIADA À INCONTINÊNCIA EM PEDIATRIA
Authors: Beims Gapski Gabriela , Borges de Oliveira Lucas , Balbinot Reis Girondi Juliana , Müller Kelin , Velozo Domingos Pinto Letícia
Published: September 2024

Introdução: a pele dos lactentes é imatura e quando em contato direto e contínuo com agentes irritantes, como fezes e urina, pode desenvolver Dermatite Associada à Incontinência, uma das complicações mais comuns na pediatria. Objetivo: identificar na literatura os cuidados recomendados para o tratamento da Dermatite Associada à Incontinência na pediatria. Método: revisão integrativa com busca de artigos em nove bases de dados no período de 2017 a 2023. Os resultados foram organizados conforme o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyse. Resultados: nove artigos foram selecionados e evidenciaram que o tratamento da Dermatite Associada à Incontinência está relacionado com a troca periódica de fraldas frequentes, higiene perianal com água e algodão ou com o uso do lenço umedecido adequado, além de pomada ou creme protetor cutâneo. Considerações Finais: mesmo sem um consenso do melhor tratamento, as evidências científicas preconizam a manutenção pele seca e limpa, associado a redução tempo de contato dos agentes irritantes.
Хронотоп «Стихов о неизвестном солдате» О.Э. Мандельштама
Authors: Шульц Сергей
Published: September 2024

Der Chronotopos von O.E. Mandelstams Versen vom unbekannten soldaten hat mindestens drei Ebenen: 1) die Ebene des inneren Zeit-Raums, der dem Subjekt, dem Autor-Helden, immanent ist; es ist die Ebene der subjektiven Brechung von Ereignissen im individuellen Bewusstsein/Denken; 2) die Ebene des äußeren Zeit-Raums: der historische und natürliche Beginn des Weltlebens (historischer und physischer Kosmos) in ihrer Korrelation; hier wird das Weltleben so dargestellt, als wäre es „an sich”, außerhalb seiner Wahrnehmung von außen, 3) die mythisch-symbolische Dimension, die durch die beiden anderen hindurchscheint; die Ereignisse werden hier in ihrem allegorischen Gehalt, auch unter dem Aspekt der Kulturphilosophie und Intertextualität, als eine Art „neue Mythologie”  interpretiert.
Скрывать или выявлять? Украинские художники и лагерная рана в отношениях с Россией
Authors: Гайда Кинга Анна , Курылович Михал
Published: September 2024

Der Artikel ist eine interdisziplinäre Analyse der kulturellen Zeugnisse der Lagerwunden in den ukrainisch-russischen Beziehungen. Die im Rahmen der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften untersuchte Gulag-Literatur wird im Artikel durch das Prisma des Erbes des totalitären Systems und der kreativen Wahrnehmung der physischen und psychischen, aber auch kulturellen Wunden wahrgenommen. Ziel des Artikels ist es, die Werke ukrainischer Künstler der letzten Jahrzehnte zu analysieren, die unter dem Einfluss der Gefangenschaft entstanden sind. Ihre literarischen und filmischen Werke zeichnen ein Bild von den Wunden, die ihnen in den Lagern bei der Verfolgung der imperialen Ziele zugefügt wurden. Der Vergleich ihrer unterschiedlichen künstlerischen Antworten auf das Leiden hilft, die Kraft zu verdeutlichen, mit der sich die ungeheilten, vergessenen, zum Schweigen gebrachten und nun plötzlich aktualisierten Wunden der Lagervergangenheit in der heutigen ukrainischen Haltung gegenüber den Russen widerspiegeln.
EFFECT OF REPETITIVE HIGH-DENSITY CURRENT PULSES ON PLASTIC DEFORMATION OF COPPER WIRES
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Morkina A.Y. , Tarov D.V. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Naumova D.M. ,   Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tatarinov P.S. ,   Mirny Polytechnic Institute (branch) Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Tatarinov V.P. ,   Mirny Polytechnic Institute (branch) Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Semenov A.S. ,   Mirny Polytechnic Institute (branch) Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakushev I.A. ,   Mirny Polytechnic Institute (branch) Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Dmitriev S.V. ,   Institute of Problems of Superplasticity of Metals of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2024

High-density electric current pulses increase the plasticity and reduce the yield strength of metals with negligible heat generation. This effect has great potential for the development of energy-saving processing technologies for hard-to-deform metallic materials. Despite the long history of studying electroplasticity, there is still no consensus on the physical nature of this effect. In this paper, the effect of repetitive pulses applied at the same or gradually increasing tensile stress on the plastic deformation of copper wire is investigated using a homemade experimental setup. The electroplasticity of the wire in the delivery state and after annealing was compared. It is shown that at constant tensile stress, the incremental plastic deformation of the wire decreases with each successive pulse. This effect is stronger for annealed wire because it has a lower dislocation density and hence a lower plasticity resource. Joule heat release in the sample and heating due to plastic deformation are evaluated. The results obtained will be used to fit the parameters of the atomistic model being developed to describe the interaction of electron flow with dislocations.
SYNTHESIS OF X ZEOLITE BASED ON NATURAL MINERAL OF NAKHCHIVAN: THE INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS FACTORS ON THE CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESS
Authors:   Institute of Natural Resources (Nakhchivan), Mamedova G.A. , Nasirli G.F. ,   Institute of Natural Resources (Nakhchivan), Aliyev T.A. ,   Institute of Natural Resources (Nakhchivan)
Published: September 2024

For the first were synthesized of practically important zeolite of X on the basis of natural mineral of Nakhchivan obsidiane volcanic glass. A sample of natural volcanic glass was taken from the peak of Gapydzhik of Ordubad district. The hydrothermal synthesis has been carried out in Morey type autoclaves made up of 45MNFT stainless steel with a volume of 20 cm3 , and with the filling coefficient of F = 0.8. The hydrothermal crystallization experiments have been carried out generating a temperature gradient ∆Т = 0 and without stirring of the reaction mass. Solid phase to liquid phase relation is 1:5. The hydrothermal synthesis was studied at a temperature of 80–200°C, a concentration of a crystallization solution of NaOH of 10–30% and a crystallization time of 10–48 hours. It is shown that the region of existence of zeolite of X with 100% crystallinity and phase purity is as follows: NaOH concentration – 15–20%; temperature – 90–110°C; processing time – 24 hours. The effect of temperature, concentration of crystallization solution, process time on crystallization was studied. It was found, that at temperatures below 90°С zeolite X+albite appeared in crystallization products, and above 110°С – zeolite X+anortite+analcime+chabazite+phillipsite; when the concentration of the crystallization solution is below 10%, low crystalline zeolite X (with 70% crystallinity)+albite, and above 20% – phillipsite+chabazite+zeolite X+analcime+hydrosodalite crystallizes; processing time below 10 hours crystallization process does not start and above 24 hours – analcime. The process of aging was studied in the duration interval from 1 to 3 days. It has been determined that an increase in the aging duration leads to an increase in the linear rate of crystallization of the X zeolite. The initial sample and the product obtained were studied by X-ray diffraction (2D PHASER «Bruker» (CuKα, 2θ = 20–80°)), IR-spectroscopy ((“Nicolete IS-10”), thermogravimetric (NETZSCH STA 449F3 STA449F3A-0757-M), elemental («Launch of Triton XL Ditution Refrigerator», Oxford Instrument) method of analysis and scanning electron microscopy (Hitachi TM-3000).
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF PINE NEEDLES AND SHOOTS UNDER DIFFERENT TYPES OF POLLUTION IN THE SOUTH URAL REGION
Authors:   Ufa Institute of biology – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Urazbahtin A.A. , Galimov R.R. ,   Ufa Institute of biology – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Urazgil'din R.V. ,   Ufa Institute of biology – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2024

A review of domestic and foreign authors publications indicates a polymorphism of adaptive reactions of woody plants assimilation apparatus morphological parameters, identified by researchers in response to various types of industrial pollution. However, in these studies there is no comparative characteristic of the identified adaptive reactions in different types of pollution, and most importantly, there is no qualitative assessment of them, despite the fact that all authors indicate the unconditionally adaptive nature of these reactions. These provisions served as a justification for the purpose of this work. The object of the study is pine, a widespread forest-former of the South Ural region, the needles of which serve as a good all-season bioindicator. Five industrial centers with different types of pollution served as industrial landfills: three with aerotechnogenic pollution and two – dumps of the mining industry. The results of the studies showed that petrochemical pollution and polymetallic pollution on the dumps of the copper-sulfur mining industry suppress the growth processes of pine needles and under these conditions there is a general direction towards a «stress» adaptive reaction, which indicates a low adaptive poten- tial of pine for these types of pollution. In conditions of aerotechnogenic polymetallic contamination and polymetallic pollution on the dumps of the brown-coal mining industry the stimulation of the needles growth and a general direction towards a «tolerant» adaptive reaction are observed, which indicates a high adaptive potential of pine for these types of pollution. Reactions of morphological parameters of shoots are ambiguous compared to needles, but in general we can talk about regularity – the presence of opposite adaptive reactions in needles and shoots to the same type of pollution. The relative independence of needles and shoots morphological parameters adaptive reactions, regardless of the type of pollution both within the organ and between organs, is shown, which characterizes plasticity of pine to different types of pollution.
DEVELOPMENT OF MECHANISMS AND MEASURES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-TECH EXPORT OF INNOVATIVE SMES IN RUSSIAN REGIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF INCREASED SANCTION PRESSURE IN WESTERN COUNTRIES AND DIGITALIZATION OF THE ECONOMY (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN)
Authors:   Institute of Social and Economic Researches – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akhmetov T.R. , Gaimalova S.M. ,   Institute of Social and Economic Researches – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2024

The relevance of this research topic is dictated by the increasing sanctions pressure of Western countries on the economy of Russian regions. This pressure has a multifaceted effect on various levels of the country's economic organization [1, 2]. On the one hand, there are additional opportunities for developing domestic and external demand for military and dual-use products, as well as expanding access to the markets of friendly countries [3, 4], on the other hand, there is a sanctions restriction of access to the markets of Western countries [5, 6]. In the present conditions, the development of new directions, mechanisms and measures for the development of hightech exports through the development of innovative SMEs seems to be the most urgent task of research. This study is updated in the regional context, in particular, for the Republic of Bashkortostan.The objectives of the study are: establishment of directions, mechanisms and measures for the development of high-tech exports of the regions of Russia and the Republic of Bashkortostan under the sanctions pressure of Western countries; development of directions, mechanisms and measures for the development of innovative SMEs in the regions of Russia and the Republic of Bashkortostan under the sanctions pressure of Western countries. In the process of development, the problems of the reaction of the national economy of Russia according to the challenge-response model were identified, requiring new approaches aimed at accelerating the reaction and developing a new state policy in Russia in the development of high-tech exports and innovative SMEs in its re- gions. The necessity and possibility of creating highly effective directions, mechanisms and implementation of measures aimed at the development of high-tech exports and innovative SMEs in the regions of Russia in the context of Western sanctions, which are especially relevant for the Republic of Bashkortostan, are substantiated.The transition to domestic research and development under the sanctions of Western countries is becoming the dominant factor in the sustainability of the development of the economic system of Russia and its regions.
AI-Paraphrasing Increases Perceptions of Social Consensus & Belief in False Information
Authors: Dash Saloni , Xu Yiwei , Spiro Emma
Published: September 2024

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to enhance message features and exploit cognitive heuristics to increase the persuasiveness of strategic information campaigns. In this paper, we focus on one such heuristic cue --- repetition, which is known to increase belief through the illusory truth effect. We investigate repetition by extracting verbatim repetitive messaging (CopyPasta) from recent U.S. disinformation campaigns. After using an LLM to rewrite the CopyPasta messages, we show that AI-paraphrased messages (AIPasta) are lexically diverse in comparison to their CopyPasta counterparts while retaining the semantics of the original message. In a preregistered experiment comparing the persuasive effects of CopyPasta and AIPasta (N = 1,200, U.S. nationally representative sample), we find that AIPasta (versus control) increases perceptions of social consensus for false claims, particularly among participants less familiar with the false narrative. Among Republican participants, AIPasta also increases belief in false claims as compared to the control group. Additionally, AIPasta (versus control) increases sharing intention of the disinformation messages among participants, as well as the degree to which the broader false claims are recalled. Notably, we find that CopyPasta does not demonstrate the same level of persuasiveness across these dimensions. Broadly, our findings suggest that generative AI tools have the potential to amplify or increase the effectiveness of strategic information campaigns through strategies like non-verbatim repetition. Results have implications for the detection and mitigation of harmful and false information.
Simple Prompting Enhances ChatGPT’s Diagnostic Accuracy in Psychiatric Cases
Authors: Fong Seraphina , Carollo Alessandro , Dal Maso Martina , Martinotti Giovanni , Luciani Debora , Khan Yasser Saeed , Pellegrini Luca , Corazza Ornella , Esposito Gianluca
Published: September 2024

Despite the centrality of the diagnostic assessment in psychiatry, the diagnostic agreement among mental health practitioners often varies from poor to moderate. The potential of Large Language Models (LLMs; such as ChatGPT), among other approaches, has been studied to be used as standardized tools to support clinicians’ decision-making. The current work investigates the diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT 3.5 across different case presentation styles (i.e., vignette and outline) and prompting techniques. A total of 46 psychiatric cases with an accompanying diagnosis were used. Two trained clinical psychologists evaluated the accuracy of the generated diagnosis against the reference diagnosis. A robust statistical approach was then used to investigate the effect of case format and prompt type on the average diagnostic accuracy. The results showed a moderate agreement between the ratings of the two clinical psychologists (kappa = 0.687). Moreover, a statistically significant main effect of prompting technique on ChatGPT diagnostic accuracy emerged (p = 0.009). The highest accuracy was achieved when ChatGPT 3.5 was simply instructed to provide and justify a single diagnosis for each case as compared to when it was asked to provide a diagnosis likelihood (p < 0.001) or when it was asked to act as a clinical psychologist (p < 0.001). The results of the current work reinforce the potential to use ChatGPT as a supporting tool for the diagnostic step in psychiatry and provide a general indication in order to ensure good performance when using it.
A Brief Study of Odd Integers Between Squares and Adjacent Oblongs
Authors: Kusniec Charles
Published: September 2024

In April 2020, I proposed a conjecture regarding the distribution of prime numbers within specific intervals defined by square and oblong numbers. This conjecture was first discussed in the comments on sequences (https://oeis.org/A307508) and (https://oeis.org/A334163) on the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences (OEIS). Sequence (https://oeis.org/A307508) identifies the primes located between a square number and its following oblong number, while sequence (https://oeis.org/A334163) lists the primes situated between an oblong number and its following square number.Building on this foundation, the present study proposes the following extensions of Legendre's Conjecture (inspired by discussions on https://www.mersenneforum.org/node/21664 and https://www.mersenneforum.org/node/21573):•There are at least 3 prime numbers between any two consecutive odd squares. Starting from 9 (the first odd composite square), there are at least 5 prime numbers between any two consecutive odd squares.•Including the prime odd square-minus-1 number 3, there are at least 5 prime numbers between any two consecutive odd square-minus-1 numbers.•Including the even prime number 2, there are at least 5 prime numbers between any two consecutive 0212-Oblong numbers.•There are at least 5 prime numbers between any two consecutive 0620-Oblong numbers.•Each of the four zones (0212-SO, 0212-OS, 0620-SO, 0620-OS) contains at least one prime number along the number line. Furthermore, starting from the odd square-minus-1 number 15, the 0620-SO zone contains at least two prime numbers along the number line.
Exploring the nonlinear dynamics of a horizontal drillstring subjected to friction and shocks effects
Authors: Cunha Jr Americo , Soize Christian , Sampaio Rubens
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a model to describe the nonlinear dynamics of a drillstring in horizontal con guration, which is intended to correctly predict the three-dimensional dynamics of this complex structure. This model uses a beam theory, with e ects of rotatory inertia and shear deformation, which is capable of reproducing the large displacements that the beam undergoes. Also, it considers the e ects of torsional friction and normal shock due to the transversal impacts between the rotating beam and the borehole wall, as well as, the force and the torque induced by the bit-rock interaction. This is done as a rst e ort to solve a robust optimization problem, which seeks to maximize the rate of penetration of the drillstring into the soil, to reduce the drilling process costs. Numerical simulations reported in this work shown that the developed computational model is able to quantitatively well describe the dynamical behavior of a horizontal drillstring, once its reproduces some phenomena observed in real drilling systems, such as bit-bounce, stick-slip, and transverse impacts.
New Psycho-Technological Horizons: The Integration of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in the Treatment of Psychopathologies and Phobias
Authors: Costanzo Tiziano
Published: September 2024

This paper explores the potential of integrating psychological and technological sciences,with a particular focus on the use of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) in thetreatment of psychopathologies, especially phobias and anxiety disorders. Throughpersonal and speculative reflections, the article proposes an innovative approach based onmultisensory neuroplasticity and predictive technologies, suggesting that VR and AR are notmerely support tools, but can become active elements in reshaping pathological responsesthrough the controlled manipulation of immersive experiences. The ethical andpsychological implications of prolonged use of these technologies are also addressed,emphasizing the need for conscious use to avoid the risks of addiction or emotionaldesensitization. This paper aims to offer insights for the scientific community and stimulatethe development of specific research on these topics, promoting a synergy betweenpsychology and technology to address the future challenges of mental health.
Cautionary response strategy and impairment of post-conflict response selection underlie age-related differences in an object-based Stroop task
Authors: Pournaghdali Ali , Eich Teal
Published: September 2024

Research suggests that older adults have deficits in selective attention, an effect often queried through the Stroop task. To tease apart whether this is due to failures to inhibit distracting information or to upregulate attention to target information, younger and older adults completed a task called the Shape Stroop in which they had to name the color of a shape that was occluded by another shape. Critically, congruent or incongruent Stroop words were placed in either the target shape, the occluding (distractor) shape or in the background. We first modeled performance as a function of age group, Stroop word congruency and location. The results indicate that older adults were more accurate but slower than younger adults to choose the correct shape color. To further probe how early and/or late attentional processes contribute to performance and to interrogate the decision strategies adopted across different conditions, we also fit the dual-stage two-phase model of selective attention to our data. Our results indicate that older adults have more conservative response and stimulus selection boundaries. They also showed a lower rate of evidence accumulation in the second, but not in the first phase of response selection, suggesting that inhibitory processes are spared in older adults. These results suggest that typical age-related deficits in the Stroop task may be due to older adults requiring more information to make a decision and having impairments during the later stages of attentional processing.
Student Motivation to Peer-Feedback Quality: Two Field Studies
Authors: Keller Melanie V. , Daumiller Martin , Dresel Markus
Published: September 2024

Background: The prevailing interest in peer-feedback practices in higher education is ground-ed in their potential to foster students’ learning, understanding, and performance while reduc-ing instructor workload. This potential depends on students’ motivation to provide high-quality peer-feedback. Within this, students’ expectancies for and the value they place on peer-feedback provision as well as their achievement goals seem to be particularly impactful. How-ever, barely any research has investigated these relations. Aims: We aim to explain differences in peer-feedback quality based on feedback providers’ motivation in terms of mastery goals, work avoidance goals, expectancies for success, and task value. Methods and Sample: To answer these questions, we conducted two field studies in higher ed-ucation courses in which 254 and 173 students provided peer-feedback on written assignments. Students reported their mastery goals, work avoidance goals, expectancies for success, task value, and cost regarding the task right before providing feedback. This feedback was assessed in terms of its quality along three aspects: feedback length, criteria-based rating by trained raters, and receiver-perceived quality. Results: Consistently across both studies, structural equation modeling showed that task goals, utility value, cost, and partly expectancies for success and learning goals were associated dif-ferently with feedback length and peer-feedback quality, both criteria-based and student-perceived.Conclusions: Fostering task goals and utility value seems promising to encourage high quality feedback and subsequently foster student learning in higher education via peer-feedback. How-ever, the effects of cost warrants further investigation.
On a Generalizable Approach for Sample Size Determination in Bayesian t Tests
Authors: Wong Tsz Keung , Tendeiro Jorge
Published: September 2024

The Bayes Factor is often proposed as a superior replacement to p-values in testing null hypotheses for various reasons, with the availability of many user-friendly and easily accessible statistical software tools facilitating the use of Bayesian tests. Meanwhile, Bayes Factor Design Analysis (BFDA), the counterpart of power analysis, is also proposed to ensure the maximum efficiency and informativeness of a study. Despite tools for conducting BFDA being limited and mostly relying on Monte Carlo methodology, methods based on root finding algorithm have been recently developed (e.g., Pawel and Held, 2024), overcoming weaknesses of simulation approaches. This paper builds on these advancements by presenting a method generalizing the existing approach for conducting BFDA for sample size determination in t tests. The major advantage of the current method is that it does not assume normality of the effect size estimate, allowing more flexibility in the specification of the design and analysis priors. We developed and showcase a user-friendly Shiny app for facilitating the use of BFDA, illustrated with an empirical example. Furthermore, using our method, we explore the Jeffreys–Lindley paradox and the operating characteristics of the Bayes Factors using various priors.
Investigating sensitivity to shared information and personal experience in children’s use of majority information
Authors: Gelpi Rebekah , Otsubo Kay , Whalen Amy , Buchsbaum Daphna
Published: September 2024

Children and adults alike rely on others to learn about the world, but also need to be able to determine the strength of both their own evidence as well as the evidence that other people provide, particularly when different sources of information disagree. For example, if two informants agree on a belief but share the same evidence, their testimony is statistically dependent on each other, and may be weaker evidence for that belief than two informants who draw on different pieces of evidence to support that belief. Across three experiments (total N = 492), we examine how 4- and 5-year-old children evaluate statistical dependency on a task where they must determine which of two jars that toys were drawn from. A majority of informants, whose testimony could draw from the same evidence or different evidence, always endorsed one jar. Then, children were presented with a dissenting informant or their own personal data that was consistent with the other jar. Children showed no sensitivity to statistical dependency, choosing the majority with equal probability regardless of the independence of their testimony, but also systematically overweighted their own personal data, endorsing the jar consistent with their own evidence more often than would be predicted by an optimal Bayesian model. In contrast, children made choices consistent with this model on a similar task in which the data was presented to children without testimony. Our findings suggest that young children treat majorities as broadly informative, but that the challenges of inferring others’ experiences may lead them to rely on concrete, visible evidence when it is available.
Human-aligned deep and sparse encoding models of dynamic 3D face similarity perception
Authors: Hofmann Simon M. , Ciston Anthony Buck , Koushik Abhay , Klotzsche Felix , Hebart Martin N , Müller Klaus-Robert , Villringer Arno , Scherf Nico , Hilsmann Anna , Nikulin Vadim V , Gaebler Michael
Published: September 2024

Face perception happens dynamically over time and primarily in three-dimensional space. Perceived similarity, including identity, should ideally remain invariant to changes along these dimensions. Surprisingly, much of our knowledge about face representations stems from static presentations of 2D images, which might not sufficiently capture real-world dynamic face processing. To test the effect of space and time on face similarity judgements, we conducted a pre-registered (https://osf.io/678uh) experiment using a triplet odd-one-out task in a static 2D and a dynamic 3D condition. We then trained sparse and deep computational encoding models of human face similarity judgements to investigate the latent representations underlying their predictions. Aggregated over all faces, we found a strong correlation between viewing conditions, indicating a consistent processing of face similarity between 2D and 3D. Despite these similarities, our encoding models revealed subtle differences between viewing conditions, where a small set of face features, such as distance between chin and cheeks, eye size, nose shape, and particularly in the 3D condition, face-width-height ratio, explained much of the variance in human judgements. Our openly available data and encoding models lay the groundwork for understanding face similarity judgements, which are crucial for our ability to recognise and identify faces in a dynamically changing environment.