bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Circulating Biomarkers League: Combining miRNAs with Cell-Free DNAs and Proteins
Authors: Felekkis Kyriacos , Papaneophytou Christos
Published: March 2024

The potential of liquid biopsy for the prognosis and diagnosis of diseases is unquestionable. Within the evolving landscape of disease diagnostics and personalized medicine, circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) stand out among the biomarkers found in blood circulation and other biological fluids due to their stability, specificity, and non-invasive detection in biofluids. However, the complexity of human diseases and the limitations inherent in single-marker diagnostics highlight the need for a more integrative approach. It has been recently suggested that a multi-analyte approach offers advantages over the single-analyte approach in the prognosis and diagnosis of diseases. In this review, we explore the potential of combining three well-studied classes of biomarkers found in blood circulation and other biofluids—miRNAs, DNAs, and proteins—to enhance the accuracy and efficacy of disease detection and monitoring. Initially, we provide an overview of each biomarker class and discuss their main advantages and disadvantages highlighting the superiority of c-miRNAs over the other classes of biomarkers. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and future directions in integrating these biomarkers into clinical practice, emphasizing the need for standardized protocols and further validation studies. This integrated approach has the potential to revolutionize precision medicine by offering insights into disease mechanisms, facilitating early detection, and guiding personalized therapeutic strategies. The collaborative power of c-miRNAs with other biomarkers represents a promising frontier in the comprehensive understanding and management of complex diseases. Nevertheless, several challenges must be addressed before this approach can be translated into clinical practice.
A Representative Clinical Course of Progression, with Molecular Insights, of Hormone Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative Bone Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Magno Elizabeth , Bussard Karen M.
Published: March 2024

Despite treatment advances, breast cancer remains a leading cause of death of women in the United States, mostly due to metastatic disease. Bone is a preferential site for breast cancer metastasis, and most metastatic breast cancer patients experience bone involvement at the time of death. The majority of patients with bone metastatic breast cancer are first diagnosed with and treated for early-stage disease, and from development of early-stage breast cancer to the recurrence of cancer in the bones, up to 30 years may elapse. Throughout this timeframe, a typical patient undergoes many treatments that have effects on the bone microenvironment. Therefore, this review explores the clinical course of a representative patient with hormone receptor-positive bone metastatic breast cancer, examining key treatment options at each stage and their effects on preventing and treating bone metastases.
Quality Improvement Protocol: Improving the Use of Nonpharmacological Pain Management Strategies within the Inpatient Hospital Setting
Authors: Salamon Katherine S. , Russell Christina , DeVinney Dara , Soprano Catherine M.
Published: March 2024

Background: There are many nonpharmacological pain management services available to hospitalized youth; however, not all youth are offered these services. Lack of knowledge about resources, difficulty with the referral process, and lack of understanding about nonpharmacological pain management services and when to refer patients are among the main reasons for lack of utilization. Quality improvement (QI) initiatives have grown within hospital settings and can serve to create change in fast-paced environments. Methods: The current QI project aimed to pilot an educational program to increase the use of nonpharmacological pain management interventions. Staff located on one floor of a pediatric hospital on the East Coast were selected because of the wide range of patient presentations and likelihood that these youth may present with pain during the hospitalization. Following several incremental changes and multiple PDSA cycles, utilization of nonpharmacological pain management services was assessed. Results: Education only did not result in increases in nonpharmacological pain management services ordered. A best practice alert for nursing staff, implemented within the electronic medical record, led to a 50% increase in services ordered. Conclusions: These results suggest that to improve use of nonpharmacological pain management strategies, hospital systems may need to consider more than education.
Glucose-Assisted Synthesis of Porous, Urchin-like Co3O4 Hierarchical Structures for Low-Concentration Hydrogen Sensing Materials
Authors: Deng Xin , Zhang Xiao , Long Xiaochuan , Liu Xiaopeng
Published: March 2024

The Co3O4 is a typical p-type metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) that attracted great attention for hydrogen detection. In this work, porous, urchin-like Co3O4 was synthesized using a hydrothermal method with the assistance of glucose and a subsequent calcination process. Urchin-like Co3O4 has a large specific surface area of 81.4 m2/g. The response value of urchin-like Co3O4 to 200 ppm hydrogen at 200 °C is 36.5 (Rg/Ra), while the low-detection limit is as low as 100 ppb. The obtained Co3O4 also exhibited good reproducibility, long-term stability, and selectivity towards various gases (e.g., ammonia, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane). Porous, urchin-like Co3O4 is expected to become a potential candidate for low-concentration hydrogen-sensing materials with the above advantages.
Thermal Characterization of Crosslinked Polymeric Microspheres Bearing Thiol Groups Studied by TG/FTIR/DSC under Non-Oxidative Conditions
Authors: Maciejewska Magdalena , Łastawiecka Elżbieta , Grochowicz Marta
Published: March 2024

This paper presents the thermal behavior of polymer microspheres based on glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and crosslinking agents benzene-1,4-diylbis(2-methylprop-2-enoate) (1,4DMB) and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TRIM) before and after functionalization with thioglycolic acid (TGA). The thermal stability of the polymers was determined using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry under non-oxidizing conditions. The evolved gases were detected by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, and the chemical structure of solid residues after preheating was assessed by FTIR/ATR spectroscopy. The post-functionalized microspheres showed higher thermal stability (within 270–290 °C) than the initial copolymers (within 240–250 °C). In this paper, examples of decomposition patterns of polymer microspheres before and after functionalization are presented. The decomposition of the initial microspheres starts with the emission of GMA monomers, acrolein, carbon dioxide, and the formation of unsaturated bonds in the solid residue. In the case of functionalized microspheres, degradation involves the transesterification of ester groups with the -SH groups, resulting in the emission of carbonyl sulfide, acrolein and carbon dioxide. Furthermore, lactone groups are created in the solid residue. The degradation of the functionalized copolymers is a complex process due to their crosslinked structure, rendering the identification of all the degradation products unattainable.
A Molecular Dynamics Analysis of the Thickness and Adhesion Characteristics of the Quasi-Liquid Layer at the Asphalt–Ice Interface
Authors: Jiao Yunhao , Yao Yujin , Qiu Heping , Chen Huaxin , Wu Yongchang
Published: March 2024

The quasi-liquid layer (QLL), a microstructure located between ice and an adhering substrate, is critical in generating capillary pressure, which in turn influences ice adhesion behavior. This study employed molecular dynamics (MD) methods to obtain QLL thickness and utilized these measurements to estimate the adhesive strength between ice and asphalt. The research involved constructing an ice–QLL–asphalt MD model, encompassing four asphalt types and five temperature ranges from 250 K to 270 K. The QLL thickness was determined for various asphalts and temperatures using the tetrahedral order parameter gradient. Additionally, capillary pressure was calculated based on the QLL thickness and other geometric parameters obtained from the MD analysis. These findings were then compared with ice adhesion strength data acquired from pull-off tests. The results indicate that QLL thickness varies with different asphalt types and increases with temperature. At a constant temperature, the QLL thickness decreases in the order of the basal plane, primary prism plane, and secondary prism plane. Furthermore, the adhesion strength of the QLL diminishes as the temperature rises, attributed to the disruption of hydrogen bonds at lower temperatures. The greater the polarity of the asphalt’s interface molecules, the stronger the adhesion strength and binding free energy. The MD simulations of the asphalt–ice interface offer insights into the atomic-scale adhesive properties of this interface, contributing to the enhancement in QLL property prediction and calibration at larger scales.
Influence of Tempering Temperature on Mechanical and Rotational Bending Fatigue Properties of 40CrNi2MoE Steel
Authors: Yao Chang-Da , Li Yong , Zang Zhi-Wei , Li Xin-Yang , Han Shun
Published: March 2024

In order to examine the mechanical properties and rotational bending fatigue performance of 40CrNi2MoE steel subsequent to tempering at varying temperatures, the steel specimen was subjected to tempering within the range of 400~460 °C. SEM, EBSD, and TEM were used to analyze the microstructure as well as precipitates. The strain hardening law was studied using the modified Crussard–Jaoult method. Investigations were undertaken to reveal the rotational bending fatigue life with respect to the tempering temperature. The findings indicate that the strength and fatigue life of the examined steels exhibit a decline as the tempering temperature increases, with the primary factor affecting this trend being the alteration in dislocation density. No notable impact on the fatigue fracture morphology exerted by tempering temperature was found within the range of the experiment. The C–J model analysis reveals that the work-hardening behavior of the trial steels is influenced by dislocations and the second phase.
Crystal Structure, Luminescence and Electrical Conductivity of Pure and Mg2+-Doped β-Ga2O3-In2O3 Solid Solutions Synthesized in Oxygen or Argon Atmospheres
Authors: Luchechko Andriy , Vasyltsiv Vyacheslav , Kushlyk Markiyan , Hreb Vasyl , Slobodzyan Dmytro , Vasylechko Leonid , Zhydachevskyy Yaroslav
Published: March 2024

Undoped and Mg2+-doped β-Ga2O3-20% In2O3 solid solution microcrystalline samples were synthesized using the high-temperature solid-state chemical reaction method to investigate the influence of native defects on structural, luminescent, and electrical properties. The synthesis process involved varying the oxygen partial pressure by synthesizing samples in either an oxygen or argon atmosphere. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the monoclinic structure of the samples with the lattice parameters and unit cell volume fitting well to the general trends of the (Ga1−xInx)2O3 solid solution series. Broad emission spectra ranging from 1.5 to 3.5 eV were registered for all samples. Luminescence spectra showed violet, blue, and green emission elementary bands. The luminescence intensity was found to vary depending on the synthesis atmosphere. An argon synthesis atmosphere leads to increasing violet luminescence and decreasing green luminescence. Intense bands at about 4.5 and 5.0 eV and a low-intensity band at 3.3 eV are presented in the excitation spectra. The electrical conductivity of the samples was also determined depending on the synthesis atmosphere. The high-resistance samples obtained in an oxygen atmosphere exhibited activation energy of around 0.98 eV. Samples synthesized in an argon atmosphere demonstrated several orders of magnitude higher conductivity with an activation energy of 0.15 eV. The results suggest that the synthesis atmosphere is crucial in determining the luminescent and electrical properties of undoped β-Ga2O3-In2O3 solid solution samples, offering the potential for various optoelectronic applications.
Unraveling Light-Activated Insulin Action in Regulating Blood Glucose: New Photoactivatable Insight as a Novel Modality in Diabetes Management
Authors: Nurkolis Fahrul , Kurniawan Rudy , Wiyarta Elvan , Syahputra Rony Abdi , Surya Reggie , Taslim Nurpudji Astuti , Tallei Trina Ekawati , Tjandrawinata Raymond Rubianto , Adashi Eli Y. , Kim Bonglee
Published: March 2024

Diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes (T2D), is the main component of metabolic syndrome. It is highly prevalent and has drastically increased with sedentary lifestyles, notably behaviors linked to ease of access and minimal physical activity. Central to this condition is insulin, which plays a pivotal role in regulating glucose levels in the body by aiding glucose uptake and storage in cells, and what happens to diabetes? In diabetes, there is a disruption and malfunction in insulin regulation. Despite numerous efforts, effectively addressing diabetes remains a challenge. This article explores the potential of photoactivatable drugs in diabetes treatment, with a focus on light-activated insulin. We discuss its advantages and significant implications. This article is expected to enrich the existing literature substantially, offering a comprehensive analysis of potential strategies for improving diabetes management. With its minimal physical intrusion, light-activated insulin promises to improve patient comfort and treatment adherence. It offers precise regulation and localized impact, potentially mitigating the risks associated with conventional diabetes treatments. Additionally, light-activated insulin is capable of explicitly targeting RNA and epigenetic factors. This innovative approach may pave the way for more personalized and effective diabetes treatments, addressing not only the symptoms but also the underlying biological causes of the disease. The advancement of light-activated insulin could revolutionize diabetes management. This study represents a pioneering introduction to this novel modality for diabetes management.
Comprehensive Characterization of Triterpene Saponins in Rhizoma Panacis Japonici by Offline Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Yasen Subinuer , Li Chengrui , Wang Siyuan , Dong Yixin , Li Hang , Chen Jie , Meng Yifan , Yu Ping , Zou Haiyan
Published: March 2024

Rhizoma Panacis Japonici (RPJ) is an ancient herbal medicine from China that has long been employed for its medicinal benefits in relieving arthritis physical debility and diverse afflictions. The primary bioactive constituents found in RPJ are triterpene saponins, which exhibit numerous pharmacological actions, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulating effects. The present study established a straightforward and effective approach for characterizing triterpene saponins in RPJ. An offline HILIC × RP LC/QTOF-MS method was developed, along with a self-constructed in-house database containing 612 saponins reported in the Panax genus and 228 predicted metabolites. The approach achieved good chromatographic performance in isolating triterpene saponins of RPJ, with the HILIC column as the first dimension (1D) and the BEH C18 column as the second dimension (2D). The developed two-dimensional liquid chromatography system exhibited an orthogonality of 0.61 and a peak capacity of 1249. Detection was performed using a QTOF mass spectrometer in a data-independent manner (MSE) in a negative ion mode. Using the in-house database, the collected MS data were processed by an automatic workflow on UNIFI 1.8.2 software, which included data correction, matching of precursor and product ions, and peak annotation. In this study, 307 saponins were characterized from RPJ and 76 saponins were identified for the first time in Panax japonicus. This research not only enhances our understanding of the chemical characteristics of RPJ but also offers a simple and efficient method for analyzing the complex composition of herbal medicine.
Investigation of the Performance of Hastelloy X as Potential Bipolar Plate Materials in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Zhong Jiacheng , Liu Zimeng , Zhang Meng , Liu Feng , Li Wenjin , Hou Beirui , Zhang Wenmin , Zhao Chunwang , Gong Mingxing
Published: March 2024

The phase, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, hydrophobicity, and interfacial contact resistance of Hastelloy X were investigated to evaluate its performance in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). For comparison, the corresponding performance of 304 stainless steel (304SS) was also tested. Hastelloy X exhibited a single-phase face-centered cubic structure with a yield strength of 445.5 MPa and a hardness of 262.7 HV. Both Hastelloy X and 304SS exhibited poor hydrophobicity because the water contact angles were all below 80°. In a simulated PEMFC working environment (0.5 M H2SO4 + 2 ppm HF, 80 °C, H2), Hastelloy X exhibited better corrosion resistance than 304SS. At 140 N·cm−2, the interfacial contact resistance of Hastelloy X can reach as low as 7.4 mΩ·cm2. Considering its overall performance, Hastelloy X has better potential application than 304SS as bipolar plate material in PEMFCs.
Solubilization of Phospholipid by Surfactin Leading to Lipid Nanodisc and Fibrous Architecture Formation
Authors: Imura Tomohiro , Yanagisawa Satohiro , Ikeda Yuri , Moriyama Ryodai , Sakai Kenichi , Sakai Hideki , Taira Toshiaki
Published: March 2024

Nanodiscs belong to a category of water-soluble lipid bilayer nanoparticles. In vivo nanodisc platforms are useful for studying isolated membrane proteins in their native lipid environment. Thus, the development of a practical method for nanodisc reconstruction has garnered consider-able research interest. This paper reports the self-assembly of a mixture of bio-derived cyclic peptide, surfactin (SF), and l-α-dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC). We found that SF induced the solubilization of DMPC multilamellar vesicles to form their nanodiscs, which was confirmed by size-exclusion chromatography, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy analyses. Owing to its amphiphilic nature, the self-assembled structure prevents the exposure of the hydrophobic lipid core to aqueous media, thus embedding ubiquinol (CoQ10) as a hydrophobic model compound within the inner region of the nanodiscs. These results highlight the feasibility of preparing nanodiscs without the need for laborious procedures, thereby showcasing their potential to serve as promising carriers for membrane proteins and various organic compounds. Additionally, the regulated self-assembly of the DMPC/SF mixture led to the formation of fibrous architectures. These results show the potential of this mixture to function as a nanoscale membrane surface for investigating molecular recognition events.
A Thiourea Derivative of 2-[(1R)-1-Aminoethyl]phenol as a Chiral Sensor for the Determination of the Absolute Configuration of N-3,5-Dinitrobenzoyl Derivatives of Amino Acids
Authors: Aiello Federica , Recchimurzo Alessandra , Balzano Federica , Uccello Barretta Gloria , Cefalì Federica
Published: March 2024

In the exploration of chiral solvating agents (CSAs) for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy designed for the chiral analysis of amino acid derivatives, notable advancements have been made with thiourea–CSAs. 1-TU, derived from 2-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]phenol and benzoyl isothiocyanate, is effective in the enantiodifferentiation of N-3,5-dinitrobenzoyl (N-DNB) amino acids. In order to broaden the application of 1-TU for configurational assignment, enantiomerically enriched N-DNB amino acids were analyzed via NMR. A robust correlation was established between the relative position of specific 1H and 13C NMR resonances of the enantiomers in the presence of 1-TU. 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) was selected for the complete solubilization of amino acid substrates. Notably, the para and ortho protons of the N-DNB moiety displayed higher frequency shifts for the (R)-enantiomers as opposed to the (S)-enantiomers. This trend was consistently observed in the 13C NMR spectra for quaternary carbons bonded to NO2 groups. Conversely, an inverse correlation was noted for quaternary carbon resonances of the carboxyl moiety, amide carbonyl, and methine carbon at the chiral center. This observed trend aligns with the interaction mechanism previously reported for the same chiral auxiliary. The configurational correlation can be effectively exploited under conditions of high dilution or, significantly, under sub-stoichiometric conditions.
Nanocrystalline FeMnO3 Powder as Catalyst for Combustion of Volatile Organic Compounds
Authors: Doroftei Corneliu
Published: March 2024

The paper shows the obtaining of nanocrystalline iron manganite (FeMnO3) powders and their investigation in terms of catalytic properties for a series of volatile organic compounds. The catalyst properties were tested in the catalytic combustion of air-diluted vapors of ethanol, methanol, toluene and xylene at moderate temperatures (50–550 °C). Catalytic combustion of the alcohols starts at temperatures between 180 °C and 230 °C. In the case of ethanol vapors, the conversion starts at 230 °C and increases rapidly reaching a value of around 97% at 300 °C. For temperatures higher than 300 °C, the degree of conversion is kept at the same value. In the case of methanol vapors, the conversion starts at a slightly lower temperature (180 °C), and the degree of conversion reaches the value of 97% at a higher temperature (440 °C) than in the case of ethanol, and it also remains constant as the temperature increases. Catalytic combustion of the hydrocarbons starts at lower temperatures (around 50 °C), the degree of conversion is generally lower, and it increases proportionally with the temperature, with the exception of toluene, which shows an intermediate behavior, reaching values of over 97% at 430 °C. The studied iron manganite can be recommended to achieve catalysts that operate at moderate temperatures for the combustion of some alcohols and, especially, ethanol. The performance of this catalyst with regard to ethanol is close to that of a catalyst that uses noble metals in its composition.
A Case Study Method for Integrating Spirituality and Narrative Therapy
Authors: Coyle Suzanne M.
Published: March 2024

Theological/spiritual reflection in psychotherapeutic practice has increased in recent years. Approaches for reflection and integration vary depending on the practitioner’s spiritual and theoretical beliefs. The integrative approach utilized in this paper is derived from a phenomenological perspective of the author, who was schooled in pastoral theology and later family therapy. Considering the pastoral theologian Seward Hiltner’s perspectival approach, this integrative approach creates a conversational method, integrating the client’s concerns with specific narrative therapy interventions or practices and the theological/spiritual concepts of immanence–transcendence. Finally, this case study’s methodology offers constructive questions that clinical practitioners can apply to specific psychotherapy approaches as well as theological concepts.
Multi-Step Internet Traffic Forecasting Models with Variable Forecast Horizons for Proactive Network Management
Authors: Saha Sajal , Haque Anwar , Sidebottom Greg
Published: March 2024

The ISP (Internet Service Provider) industry relies heavily on internet traffic forecasting (ITF) for long-term business strategy planning and proactive network management. Effective ITF frameworks are necessary to manage these networks and prevent network congestion and over-provisioning. This study introduces an ITF model designed for proactive network management. It innovatively combines outlier detection and mitigation techniques with advanced gradient descent and boosting algorithms, including Gradient Boosting Regressor (GBR), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGB), CatBoost Regressor (CBR), and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). In contrast to traditional methods that rely on synthetic datasets, our model addresses the problems caused by real aberrant ISP traffic data. We evaluated our model across varying forecast horizons—six, nine, and twelve steps—demonstrating its adaptability and superior predictive accuracy compared to traditional forecasting models. The integration of the outlier detection and mitigation module significantly enhances the model’s performance, ensuring robust and accurate predictions even in the presence of data volatility and anomalies. To guarantee that our suggested model works in real-world situations, our research is based on an extensive experimental setup that uses real internet traffic monitoring from high-speed ISP networks.
Guided Lamb Wave Array Time-Delay-Based MUSIC Algorithm for Impact Imaging
Authors: Zheng Fei , Yuan Shenfang
Published: March 2024

Composite materials, valued in aerospace for their stiffness, strength and lightness, require impact monitoring for structural health, especially against low-velocity impacts. The MUSIC algorithm, known for efficient directional scanning and easy sensor deployment, is gaining prominence in this area. However, in practical engineering applications, the broadband characteristics of impact response signals and the time delay errors in array elements’ signal reception lead to inconsistencies between the steering vector and the actual signal subspace, affecting the precision of the MUSIC impact localization method. Furthermore, the anisotropy of composite materials results in time delay differences between array elements in different directions. If the MUSIC algorithm uses a fixed velocity value, this also introduces time delay errors, further reducing the accuracy of localization. Addressing these challenges, this paper proposes an innovative MUSIC algorithm for impact imaging using a guided Lamb wave array, with an emphasis on time delay management. This approach focuses on the extraction of high-energy, single-frequency components from impact response signals, ensuring accurate time delay measurement across array elements and enhancing noise resistance. It also calculates the average velocity of single-frequency components in varying directions for an initial impact angle estimation. This estimated angle then guides the selection of a specific single-frequency velocity, culminating in precise impact position localization. The experimental evaluation, employing equidistantly spaced array elements to capture impact response signals, assessed the effectiveness of the proposed method in accurately determining array time delays. Furthermore, impact localization tests on reinforced composite structures were conducted, with the results indicating high precision in pinpointing impact locations.
Parameter Identification of Multispan Rigid Frames Using a Stiffness Separation Method
Authors: Xiao Feng , Yan Yu , Meng Xiangwei , Mao Yuxue , Chen Gang S.
Published: March 2024

Identifying the parameters of multispan rigid frames is challenging because of their complex structures and large computational workloads. This paper presents a stiffness separation method for the static response parameter identification of multispan rigid frames. The stiffness separation method segments the global stiffness matrix of the overall structure into the stiffness matrices of its substructures, which are to be computed, thereby reducing the computational workload and improving the efficiency of parameter identification. Loads can be applied individually to each separate substructure, thereby guaranteeing obvious local static responses. The veracity and efficacy of the proposed methodology are substantiated by applying it to three- and eight-span continuous rigid frame structures. The findings indicate that the proposed approach significantly enhances the efficiency of parameter identification for multispan rigid frames.
Synchronous Driving Method for Stitching Pixel Arrays Based on an Adaptive Correction Technique
Authors: Liu Suiyang , Guo Zhongjie , Cheng Xinqi , Xu Ruiming , Yu Ningmei
Published: March 2024

With the application of stitching technology in large-pixel-array CMOS image sensors, the problem of non-synchronized output signals from pixel array bilateral driver circuits has become progressively more serious and has led to the DC perforation of bilateral driver circuits, while conventional clock tree synchronization design methodology does not apply to stitching technology. Therefore, this paper analyses reasons for the inconsistency in the output signals of bilateral driving circuits and proposes a synchronous driving method applicable to stitching pixel arrays based on the idea of on-chip output signal delay detection and calibration. This method detects and corrects the non-synchrony of the row driver output signals on both sides according to changes in the operating environment of the chip. This method is characterized by a simple structure and high reliability. Finally, based on the 55 nm stitching process, simulations are carried out in a CMOS image sensor with a chip area of 77 mm × 84 mm to verify that this method is feasible. This large image sensor with a 150 M pixel array has a frame rate of over 10 FPS.
Embodimetrics: A Principal Component Analysis Study of the Combined Assessment of Cardiac, Cognitive and Mobility Parameters
Authors: Chellini Andrea , Salmaso Katia , Di Domenico Michele , Gerbi Nicola , Grillo Luigi , Donati Marco , Iosa Marco
Published: March 2024

There is a growing body of literature investigating the relationship between the frequency domain analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) and cognitive Stroop task performance. We proposed a combined assessment integrating trunk mobility in 72 healthy women to investigate the relationship between cognitive, cardiac, and motor variables using principal component analysis (PCA). Additionally, we assessed changes in the relationships among these variables after a two-month intervention aimed at improving the perception–action link. At baseline, PCA correctly identified three components: one related to cardiac variables, one to trunk motion, and one to Stroop task performance. After the intervention, only two components were found, with trunk symmetry and range of motion, accuracy, time to complete the Stroop task, and low-frequency heart rate variability aggregated into a single component using PCA. Artificial neural network analysis confirmed the effects of both HRV and motor behavior on cognitive Stroop task performance. This analysis suggested that this protocol was effective in investigating embodied cognition, and we defined this approach as “embodimetrics”.
Assessing the Validity of the Ergotex IMU in Joint Angle Measurement: A Comparative Study with Optical Tracking Systems
Authors: Jimenez-Olmedo Jose M. , Tortosa-Martínez Juan , Cortell-Tormo Juan M. , Pueo Basilio
Published: March 2024

An observational, repeated measures design was used in this study to assess the validity of the Ergotex Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) against a 3D motion capture system for measuring trunk, hip, and shoulder angles in ten healthy adult males (38.8 ± 7.3 y, bodyweight 79.2 ± 115.9 kg, body height 179.1 ± 8.1 cm). There were minimal systematic differences between the devices, with the most significant discrepancy being 1.4 degrees for the 80-degree target angle, denoting Ergotex’s precision in joint angle measurements. These results were statistically significant (p < 0.001), with predominantly trivial to small effect sizes, indicating high accuracy for clinical and biomechanical applications. Bland–Altman analysis showed Limits of Agreement (LoA) approximately ±2.5 degrees across all angles and positions, with overall LoA ranging from 3.6 to −2.4 degrees, reflecting Ergotex’s consistent performance. Regression analysis indicated uniform variance across measurements, with minor heteroscedastic errors producing a negligible underestimation trend of around 0.5 degrees in some instances. In conclusion, the Ergotex IMU is a reliable tool for accurate joint angle measurements. It offers a practical and cost-effective alternative to more complex systems, particularly in settings where precise measurement is essential.
Intelligent Integrated System for Fruit Detection Using Multi-UAV Imaging and Deep Learning
Authors: Melnychenko Oleksandr , Scislo Lukasz , Savenko Oleg , Sachenko Anatoliy , Radiuk Pavlo
Published: March 2024

In the context of Industry 4.0, one of the most significant challenges is enhancing efficiency in sectors like agriculture by using intelligent sensors and advanced computing. Specifically, the task of fruit detection and counting in orchards represents a complex issue that is crucial for efficient orchard management and harvest preparation. Traditional techniques often fail to provide the timely and precise data necessary for these tasks. With the agricultural sector increasingly relying on technological advancements, the integration of innovative solutions is essential. This study presents a novel approach that combines artificial intelligence (AI), deep learning (DL), and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The proposed approach demonstrates superior real-time capabilities in fruit detection and counting, utilizing a combination of AI techniques and multi-UAV systems. The core innovation of this approach is its ability to simultaneously capture and synchronize video frames from multiple UAV cameras, converting them into a cohesive data structure and, ultimately, a continuous image. This integration is further enhanced by image quality optimization techniques, ensuring the high-resolution and accurate detection of targeted objects during UAV operations. Its effectiveness is proven by experiments, achieving a high mean average precision rate of 86.8% in fruit detection and counting, which surpasses existing technologies. Additionally, it maintains low average error rates, with a false positive rate at 14.7% and a false negative rate at 18.3%, even under challenging weather conditions like cloudiness. Overall, the practical implications of this multi-UAV imaging and DL-based approach are vast, particularly for real-time fruit recognition in orchards, marking a significant stride forward in the realm of digital agriculture that aligns with the objectives of Industry 4.0.
Complementary Practices in Pharmacy and Their Relation to Glaucoma—Classification, Definitions, and Limitations
Authors: Rák Tibor , Csutak Adrienne
Published: March 2024

Background: Traditional and evidence-based medicines, as seen depicted throughout human history, reportedly first begin with the application of medicinal plants, animal products, or inorganic minerals as a basic framework towards effectively engineering the prototypes generally aligned to pharmaceuticals and medical nutrition. The growing global trend of complementary treatments for glaucoma can be explained by the intraocular pressure (IOP)-independent mechanisms of the disease and its interpretation as a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Unfortunately, the categorical positions of the major fields of applied popular complementary therapies and their relation to glaucoma are consistently neglected. Methods: In consideration of bibliographic resources, the most well-known online scientific databases were searched. Conclusion: The rising popularity and the trends of products coming onto the market cannot escape the attention of pharmacists and ophthalmologists, as their patients suffering from eye diseases are also increasingly looking for such medicinal products. Most of them still lack knowledge of the appropriate evidence and side effect profiles. Our proposed systematic charts demonstrate the position of each mainstream complementary therapy throughout the applied medical sciences and are distinctively unique; we could not find any similar relevant illustration or resource among the published international literature.
Caracterización fisicoquímica del aceite extraído de diez variedades de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa)
Authors: Ruiz Rodríguez Alfonso , De la Cruz Zebina Leandro , Ore Areche Franklin , Aguirre Huayhua Lissete Lourdes
Published: March 2024

En la actualidad se experimenta un notable aumento en la utilización de aceites vegetales, entre ellos el obtenido de la quinua (Chenopodium quinoa), por el beneficio que aporta en diferentes ámbitos, de ahí la importancia de investigaciones que revelen sus características. Objetivo: Determinar las propiedades fisicoquímicas del aceite de diez variedades de quinua cultivadas en Huancavelica, para identificar variaciones y similitudes. Materiales y métodos: La investigación se basó en un diseño experimental completamente al azar con tres repeticiones para cada tratamiento. La extracción de los aceites se realizó aplicando el método AOAC, 2003.05, utilizando el Sistema Extractor Soxtherm Soxhlet. Resultados: Se obtiene el rango de los índices de acidez (0.61±0.061-0.81±0.061 mg KOH/g); de peróxido (1.39±0,006-1.50 ± 0,010 m-eqo2/kg); de yodo (131.7±3.06-142.3±3.79); de saponificación (178.0±1,00-189.0±0.00); de gravedad específica (0.899±0.011-0.955± 0.003) y de rendimiento (8.973± 0.064-10.887± 0.179). Conclusiones: La caracterización realizada constituye una fuente de consulta que apoya la selección de aquellas variedades que sean pertinentes de usar por nutricionistas, personal de la salud, del sector de la industria cosmética, entre otros; además de contribuir al conocimiento científico sobre las variedades estudiadas.
Reforestación, una percepción sobre la preservación del ambiente en la zona alta circunlacustre de Puno
Authors: Ticona-Arapa Haydee Clady , Millones-Chafloque Audberto , Zela-Payi Nelly Olga , Chambi-Condori Nancy , Sucari-León Anibal
Published: March 2024

Los problemas ambientales, la contaminación, la deforestación y el cambio climático, amenazan la vida y el futuro del planeta. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la percepción de la población local sobre la reforestación en relación a las prácticas culturales, el uso de recursos y la participación en programas ambientales en la zona alta circunlacustre de Puno, Perú. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un diseño observacional de corte transversal, con muestreo no probabilístico, se aplicó un cuestionario como instrumento a 281 pobladores. Se obtuvieron criterios positivos sobre el uso de las fuentes de agua para el riego, los tipos de abono, el podamiento y la fumigación, antes y después del experimento (15.8%-37.3%; 52.5%-39.0%; 31.7%-23.7%) para las escalas siempre, a veces y nunca, respectivamente; de igual manera se perciben las labores culturales y el ambiente en el que se desarrollan las plantas (18.6%-49.1%; 57.7%-35.2%; 23.8%-15.8%); se comprueba un incremento en la participación en las actividades del gobierno, instituciones y proyectos, lo que indica el grado de aceptación con el programa de reforestación y el cuidado del medio ambiente.
Estudio bibliométrico sobre conciencia ambiental en tratamiento de residuos sólidos en PubMed
Authors: Palacios Garay Jessica Paola , Teves Quispe Julia , Robalino Sanchez Karla
Published: March 2024

La conciencia ambiental es multidimensional está conformada por cuatro dimensiones definidas: afectiva, cognitiva, conativa y activa. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la producción científica sobre la conciencia ambiental en tratamiento de residuos sólidos en PubMed en el período de 2012-2023. La investigación fue desarrollada bajo un diseño observacional, retrospectivo. Fueron utilizadas las palabras claves conciencia ambiental y residuos sólidos. La búsqueda se realizó desde la plataforma de análisis de datos biométricos Bibliometrix () y Biblioshiny app. Se encontraron un total de 159 artículos de 59 fuentes y 699 autores.  Se concluye que existe un claro interés de la comunidad científica en el tema de los residuos sólidos, avalado por los trabajos publicados en revistas indexadas en la base PubMed en la década del 2012 al 2023. Sin embargo, no tan claro aparece el tema de la conciencia ambiental referida al manejo de los residuos sólidos.
Endoscopic and histopathological characteristics of polyp and colorectal cancer in people with a family history of colorectal cancer
Authors: Bui Nhuan Quy , Tran Thi Khanh Tuong
Published: March 2024

Background: According to Globocan statistics in 2018, there were estimated 1.8 million cases of colorectal cancer and 881,000 deaths. The rate of colorectal cancer is tending to increase in people under 50 years old. According to the 2017 American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guidelines, Colonoscopy every 5 years beginning 10 years before the age at diagnosis of the youngest affect interval or age 40, whichever is earlier; for those with a single first-degree relative with colorectal cancer in whom no significant neoplasia appears by age 60 years, physicians can offer expanding the interval between colonoscopies.

Objectives: (1) T o describe clinical features, endoscopic images, histopathology of polyps and colorectal cancer of first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer. (2) To determine the relationship between risk polyps and colorectal cancer with some factors.

Materials and method: Cross-sectional study analyzing all first-degree relatives aged ≥ 40 years or approximately 10 years younger than the age of the patient diagnosed with colorectal cancer undergoing colonoscopy at the Functional Examination Department, Gia Dinh People’s Hospital during the period from June 2019 to December 2019.

Results: In 85 cases: The main features of endoscopy were: rectal polyps 47.3%, sizes < 5 mm 63.9%, multiple polyps 52.7%, sessile 91.7% and smooth surface 88.9%. Regarding histopathological characteristics: the proportion of adenomatous polyps and serrated polyps is nearly equal. Mild dysplasia accounts for the highest rate of 84.2%, high dysplasia accounting for 15.8%. There was 1 case of colorectal cancer, in the sigmoid colon, an ulcerative cancer. Factor related to colorectal polyps and colorectal cancer is age, other factors (gender, smoking, alcohol and abesity) didn’t relate.

Conclusion: Our result shows that the majority of polyps are located in the rectum, adenomatous polyps and serrated polyps account for nearly equal proportions, there is a relationship between colon polyps and age, there is no relationship between colon polyps. with gender, smoking, alcohol and obesity.

Key words: Colonoscopy, colorectal cancer, first-degree relative, polyp.
Blood pressure screening results in adults in Thua Thien Hue province through the program “May Measurement Month” 2022 of the International Society of Hypertension
Authors: Ngo Manh Tri , Tran Thi Hoang Thuong , Le Thanh Thien , Huynh Tan Hung , Nguyen Anh Tuyet , Nguyen Thi Khanh Van , Tran Thi Minh Luong , Hoang Anh Tien , Huynh Van Minh
Published: March 2024

Background: Hypertension is a common disease in adults, also the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide. The prevalence of hypertension has increased, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, hypertension screening is important to provide the basis and evidence for the development of timely intervention policies and programs. The objective of the “May Measurement Month” 2022 program is to investigate the prevalence of hypertension, drug treatment and blood pressure control in people in Thua Thien Hue province and to assess the risk factors surrounding hypertension.

Subjects and Methods: This cross–sectional study collected data from volunteer adults (≥ 18 years old) in Thua Thien Hue province from 7/2022 to 8/2022. Sitting blood pressure had been measured in triplicate according to standardized specified methods of the International Society of Hypertension.

Results: Average age 54.07 ± 18.17, there were 627 people (23.4%) with hypertension at the time of screening, 245 of which (39.1%) had never been diagnosed with hypertension before screening at the time. 724 people were on treatment with 1 or more types of drug, however, there were 337 people (46.5%) having their blood pressure not controlled. The statistics showed that 84.9% of volunteers were using at least 1 drug to treat hypertension. Related factors of hypertension are age, sex, overweight/obesity status, smoking, medical history of diabetes and medical history of COVID-19. The rate of subjects who had history of COVID-19 was 36.4%, including 31.6% of hypertension patients.

Conclusion: The hypertension percentage of Thua Thien Hue population is still high and the rate of blood pressure control is still limited. There is a relationship between hypertension proportion and history of COVID-19. It is necessary to publish timely intervention measures to reduce the rate of hypertension and its risks to people.

Key words: Hypertension, screening, control, 2022 MMM program, ISH, COVID-19.
Optimization of atrioventricular delay using Doppler ultrasound and left ventricular catheterization in patients implanted with His bundle pacing devices
Authors: Kieu Ngoc Dung , Nguyen Tri Thuc , Hoang Anh Tien
Published: March 2024

Background: Currently, there is a lack of guidance on selecting the optimal method for optimizing the AV interval.

Objective: To evaluate the technical characteristics of His bundle pacing and compare relation optimal ventricular conduction intervals using cardiac catheterization and echocardiogram.

Method: Interventional prospective study.

Result: A total of 56 patients underwent His bundle pacing (HBP) with a success rate of 78.5%. The average age was 57.8 ± 19.25, and 68.1% (30 cases) were female. Selective His pacing and non-selective respectively was successfully achieved in 22 out of 44 cases (50%) and 95.4% with pacing threshold was measured at an average of 0.82 ± 0.38 volts and 1.37 ± 0.83 volts with a pulse width of 1ms. The accuracy comparing AV optimization varied in the following order: VTImitral valve > VTIaortic valve > DFTmitral valve for AVsense optimization and VTImitral valve > DFTmitral valve > VTIaortic valve for AVpace optimization. After AV optimization, myocardial contractility increased by an additional 18.6% for AVsense and 26% for AVpace.

Conclusion: His bundle pacing procedure success rate of 78.5%. AV optimization results enhancement in left ventricular contractility from 18.6 to 26%.

Key words: His bundle pacing, cardiac resynchronization, heart failure, pacemaker, conduction disease, AV optimization, AV coupling.
Study on the proportion of patients with uncontrolled hypertension among outpatients and related factors at the Internal Medicine Clinic, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital
Authors: Nguyen Vu Thao Vy , Le Thi Bich Thuy , Doan Pham Phuoc Long , Tran Thi Thanh Nhan , Doan Phuoc Thuoc
Published: March 2024

Background: Hypertension is one of the dangerous chronic diseases. In the treatment of hypertension, controlling blood pressure to achieve treatment target is paramount to prevent dangerous complications and death. The study was conducted to identify the percentage of hypertensive patients who do not achieve treatment target among outpatients at the internal medicine clinic, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, and explore some related factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 403 hypertensive patients treated as outpatients at the internal medicine clinic. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the related factors.

Results: 46.4% of hypertensive patients did not reach the treatment target. Factors related to uncontrolled hypertension were male, non-religion, comorbidities, no reduction in salt intake, the use of coffee/tea, and non-compliance with medication (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: The rate of patients with uncontrolled hypertension was still high. The health sector should consider establishing an outpatient management team; strengthening communication activities and advice on diet and drug use in parallel with medical examination and treatment.

Key words: uncontrolled hypertension, outpatient, Hue.