bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI JENIS DAN FUNGSI TINDAK TUTUR PADA INTERAKSI STAF WEDDING ORGANIZER TERHADAP WISATAWAN JEPANG DI BALI
Authors: Ni Ketut Megawati Dewi , Anak Agung Ayu Dian Andriyani  , Ni Wayan Meidariani
Published: October 2021

Penggunaan jenis dan fungsi dari tindak tutur digunakan dalam bisnis di perusahaan wedding Jepang yang ada di Bali yang dominan wisatawan Jepang ketika ingin melakukan pernikahan di Bali. Penelitian ini berfokus pada penggunaan jenis dan fungsi dari staf lokal ketika berkomunikasi dengan wisatawan Jepang yang dilakukan melalui pelayanan dari hari sebelum dan saat pernikahan berlangsung. Penelitian kualitatif ini dilakukan di kabupaten Badung karena perusahaan tersebut hanya dibuka di kabupanten Badung, dan tidak dibuka ditempat lain. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu menyimak, mencatat interaksi staf lokal, serta didukung teknik wawancara mendalam. Data dalam bentuk percakapan yang digunakan oleh staf kepada wisatawan Jepang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan fungsi dari tindak tutur yang digunakan berbeda-beda sesuai dengan kondisi yang dialami staf lokal terhadap wisatawan Jepang. Yaitu (1) tindak tutur asertif dengan fungsi pragmatis menjelaskan dan bertanya; (2) tindak tutur direktif dengan fungsi pragmatis menyuruh, membantu dan memerintahkan. Namun meskipun, fungsi dari tindak tutur yang dihasilkan berbeda-beda, staf tetap memberikan pelayanan yang baik dan ramah saat berhadapan dengan wisatawan Jepang. Jenis dari ketiga pembahasan tersebut menggunakan jenis tindak tutur langsung dimana staf secara langsung berkomunikasi kepada wisatawan Jepang berupa kalimat tanya dan kalimat perintah.

 

Abstract

The use of types and functions of speech acts are used in business in Japanese wedding companies in Bali that are predominantly Japanese tourists when they want to have a wedding in Bali. This research focuses on the use of types and functions of local staff when communicating with Japanese tourists which is done through services from the day before and when the wedding takes place. This qualitative research was conducted in Badung regency because the company was only opened in Badung regency, and was not opened elsewhere. Data collection techniques, such as listening, recording the interaction of local staff, and supported in-depth interview techniques. Data in the form of conversations used by staff to Japanese tourists. The results showed the use of the speech acts function used varies according to the conditions experienced by local staff towards Japanese tourists. Namely (1) assertive speech acts with pragmatic functions explaining and asking questions; (2) directive speech acts with pragmatic functions of ordering, helping and ordering. However, although the functions of speech acts are different, the staff still provide good and friendly service when dealing with Japanese tourists. The types of the three discussions use direct speech acts where the staff directly communicates with Japanese tourists in the form of question and command sentences.

Keywords: interaction wedding, pragmatic, speech acts, Japanese tourists
MODERN GLOBAL SOCIETY IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF M. CASTELLS
Authors:   Professor, Doctor of Philosophical Sciences, Professor of Faculty of global studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, NAUMENKO T. V.
Published: October 2021

The relevance of the topic of this article is predetermined by the growing attention to the problems of globalization and informatization of modern society. The article analyzes the concept of the information society of the Spanish sociologist Manuel Castells, as well as his criticism by Frank Webster. The author analyzes the contradictory position of Castells ' information-technological determinism, his understanding of the information society, proceeding from the separation of the concepts of the information/global economy and the industrial economy, as well as the signs of a new type of society highlighted by the author and his contradictory position on technological determinism.
Primate Memory
Authors: Matsuzawa Tetsuro
Published: October 2021

Chimpanzees use tools, pass on learning to their young, and in some cases exhibit far superior memory, speed, and accuracy in performing cognitive tasks than do humans. In this essay, Tetsuro Matsuzawa recounts some of the most striking aspects of his work on primates, memory, and the evolution of the human mind.
I.S. TURGENEV OF A.P. SKAFTYMOV (ACCORDING TO THE HANDSCREENED MATERIALS OF THE 1920S)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Novikova N.V.
Published: October 2021

The article deals with I. Turgenev's Skafftym understanding and practical recommendations for its study, which began with the publication of draft materials on the topic in the sixth issue of Skaftym readings (Moscow, 2020). The subject of consideration is another part of the handwritten notes of the 1920s, which testifies to the ongoing acquaintance of the researcher with the anniversary Turgene studies and to intensive preparation for the work of a special seminar on the works of L. Tolstoy. The fragmentary publication of new materials is being carried out for the first time.
COMIC FOLK OPERA BY G.R. DERZHAVIN: GENESIS OF THE GENRE
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Razzhivin (Klyuchevsky) A.I.
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes Derzhavin’s play “A fool is smarter than the clever”. The study of the plot, the typology of characters, poetics, and the musical scale allows discovering an opera-buff and early Russian vaudeville of the early 19th century in the genesis of the play.
LANGUAGE GAME AS A COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGY FOR THE FORMATION OF THE IMAGE OF SAMARA IN THE REGIONAL PRESS
Authors:   Samara State Social and Pedagogical University, Agafontsev M.S.
Published: October 2021

Subject of the article: Samara regional press, which mainly includes newspapers and magazines. The object of the article: the language game as a communicative strategy for the formation of the image of Samara on the example of such newspapers as" Samara Newspaper"," Volzhskaya Kommuna", magazines" First","Samara judges". The article deals with the phenomenon of the language game, which became particularly popular in the field of mass media and advertising at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries. Being one of the numerous communicative strategies of the author, the language game allows you to convey the necessary information to the recipient in a compression form, which is placed in the headlines of newspaper and magazine articles in the Samara region. The diversity of this phenomenon has been structured and classified by many linguists, which gives us the opportunity to consider the used communication strategy based on the existing scientific justification in the field of journalism and mass communication. Methodology of the work: the analysis of newspaper and magazine articles of the Samara regional press involves an appeal to the method of generalization of scientific experience in the field of studying mass media, as well as to the method of continuous sampling of language examples. Results: in the headlines of the Samara regional press, one can observe a significant number of examples of using the language game as a communicative strategy in order to beat the presented information, which is conveyed to the reader by means of compression of the message and creates a certain image of the region in the political, social, cultural, and economic spheres of activity. Such a communication strategy requires linguistic commentary in each individual case.
GOTTFRIED KELLER ABOUT HEINRICH HEINE (PHARMACIST OF CHAMOUNIX)
Authors:   Samara State Social and Pedagogical University, Bakalov A.S.
Published: October 2021

The article gives an idea of ambivalent relation of Swizz writer Gottfried Keller to Heinrich Heine as person and poet. The object of the analyzes is Keller’s big poem “Der Apotheker von Chamounix”, containing both parody on the habits and features of Heine’s artificial world and respect to his person and sympathy for his suffering as well. The matter of satiric derisions is in Keller’s poem the last cycle of Heine’s ballades “Romancero”, whose poetic world gave G.Keller reasons for the parody against some features of Heine’s artificial world. Keller’s satiric poem is divided into two parts with different functions and unlike plots. In the first of them is presented the love triangle between inhabitants of a Swiss settlement Chamounix, everybody of which perished in an implausible death with following transition into the life beyond the grave. The main character of the second part of Keller’s poem are the poet H.Heine himself and figures of his dead literary teachers and opponents, whom Heine encounters during his visit in the paradise. In contradiction to Heine’s antagonists Platen and Börne, both great educators Goethe and Lessing show their sympathy to “Romancero”’s author. The poet Keller mocks over Heine as a figure and the author, but sympathizes with him as a great poet and estimated person. The second part of the poem is connected with the first one only by the figure of the girl Klara from Chamounix, who became in the second part free from her lover sins and left now her place in the purgatory for the “catholic” poet H.Heine.
Overview of Traditional Aromatic Medicinal Plants for Diabetes in the City and Proximal area of Khemisset (Morocco)
Authors: Khal Layoun Soad  , Ibrahimi Halima  , Benkhnigue Oufae  , Lerhlibi Hajar  , Bour Abdellatif  , Mohamed Fadli
Published: October 2021

According to the French Diabetes Federation, 5 million people died of diabetes in 2015. One person dies ofdiabetes every 6 seconds in the world. In developing countries, patients often resort to traditional medicineusing aromatic medicinal plants (AMPs).Some of these plants contain toxic phytochemicals. In this work, we used questionnaires distributed topatients to develop an inventory of the MPA used in the city of Khémisset and its province, geographic arealocated east of the city of Rabat (political capital of Morocco). The way of use and the used part or parts ofthe plant are determined.So, a catalog of 41 used antidiabetic plant species has been inventoried in this region. These species aresystematically grouped into 40 genera and 24 botanical families. The Brassicaceae and Fabaceae families,with four species each, are the most represented; The Asteraceae, Cucurbitaceae and Lamiaceae familieshave three species each. Olea europaea, Allium cepa, Coriandrum sativum, Caralluma europea, Citrulluscolocynthis, Tetraclinis articulata and Lupinus lotus are the most popular species. The leaves are the mostused organs (26.83%) and 43.90% of the used medicinal flora contains a significant number of toxiccompounds.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL TRAINING IN INSTITUTIONS OF THE PENAL SYSTEM
Authors: Глебова Екатерина Викторовна
Published: October 2021

Актуальность темы научной статьи обусловлена тем, что каждый гражданин Российской Федерации независимо от его социального статуса обладает правом на образование. Однако отдельные категории граждан, в частности, осужденные лица, не могут воспользоваться данным правом по причине наличия у них особого юридического статуса. Беспрепятственный доступ осужденных к образовательному процессу оказывает положительное влияние на социальную безопасность и защищенность каждого отдельного гражданина, так как от уровня их образованности напрямую зависит степень их исправления. В данный момент на территории нашей страны наблюдается большая вовлеченность всех слоев населения (включая осужденных) в сферу образовательных услуг как на возмездной, так и на безвозмездной основах. Профессиональное образование и профессиональное обучение как очень важный и необходимый элемент в отечественной пенитенциарной системе регулируется различными источниками права, относящимися и к системе уголовно-исполнительного законодательства, и к системе образовательного законодательства РФ. Целями правового регулирования отношений в сфере образования являются установление государственных гарантий, механизмов реализации прав и свобод человека в указанной сфере, а также защита прав и интересов участников отношений в сфере образования.

Problem statement of the scientific article is due to the fact that every citizen of the Russian Federation, regardless of his social status has the right to education. However, some categories of citizens cannot exercise this right due to their special legal status, in particular, we will talk about convicted persons. Unimpeded access of this category of citizens to the educational process has a positive impact on the social safety and security of each individual, since the level of education of convicted persons directly affects the degree of their correction. At the moment on the territory of our country there is a great involvement of all segments of the population (including convicts) to the sphere of educational services free or for a fee. Vocational education and training as a very important and necessary element in the domestic penitentiary system is regulated by various sources of law relating to both the system of penal legislation and the system of educational legislation of the Russian Federation. The objectives of legal regulation of relations in the field of education are the establishment of state guarantees, mechanisms for the implementation of human rights and freedoms in education, as well as the protection of the rights and interests of participants of relations in the educational field.
CRIMINAL LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE INVOLVEMENT OF MINORS IN THE EXTREMIST CRIMES
Authors: Латыпова Динара Мансуровна
Published: October 2021

В статье проведен анализ видов преступлений экстремистской направленности, обоснована актуальность исследования составов. В рамках рассмотрения темы исследуются вопросы квалификации вовлечения несовершеннолетних в совершение преступлений экстремистской направленности. Анализируются проблемные вопросы толкования понятий рассматриваемой темы, законодательная регламентация, пробелы правового регулирования. Анализ объективных и субъективных признаков двух групп преступлений - вовлечения несовершеннолетних в совершение преступлений и преступлений экстремистской направленности - обеспечил возможность выявить специфику и особенности квалификации таких деяний. Исследованы правила квалификации вовлечения несовершеннолетних в преступления экстремистской направленности, выведенные из соотношения элементов исследуемых составов преступлений. Рассматриваются вопросы окончания преступных деяний, особенности определения признаков субъекта, а также особенности признаков объективной стороны составов. Сделаны выводы о проблемах и опасности преступлений экстремистской направленности на основе теоретического понимания вопроса в его соотношении с материалами правоприменительной практики, а также об особой опасности вовлечения в экстремизм несовершеннолетних. На основе выявленной проблематики вопроса обозначена необходимость дополнения постановлений Пленума Верховного суда РФ разъяснениями по вопросам вовлечения несовершеннолетних в экстремизм.

The article analyzes the types of crimes of extremist orientation, substantiates the relevance of the study of the compositions. As part of the consideration of the topic, the issues of qualification of involving minors in the commission of extremist groups are being investigated. Problematic issues of interpretation of the concepts of the topic under consideration, legislative regulation, gaps in legal regulation are analyzed. Analysis of the objective and subjective signs of two groups of crimes - the involvement of minors in the commission of crimes and extremist crimes made it possible to identify the specifics of the involvement of minors in the commission of extremist crimes and the specifics of the qualification of such acts. The rules for qualifying the involvement of minors in crimes of an extremist orientation, derived from the ratio of elements of the investigated corpus delicti, have been investigated. The article examines the issues of ending criminal acts, as well as the specifics of determining the characteristics of the subject. Conclusions are made about the problems and danger of extremist crimes on the basis of a theoretical understanding of the issue in its relation to the materials of law enforcement practice, as well as the special danger of involving minors in extremism. On the basis of the identified problematics of the issue, it is indicated that it is necessary to supplement the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on extremist cases with clarifications on the involvement of minors in their commission.
GRADUATES’ PERCEPTION OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY DEGREE PROGRAM RELEVANCE TO CAREER ATTAINMENT: A CASE OF GRADUATES FROM THREE STATE UNIVERSITIES IN ZIMBABWE
Authors: Tapfuma Musawenkosi , Chikuta Oliver , Ncube Felicity N , Baipai Rudorwashe , Mazhande Precious , Basera Vitalis
Published: October 2021

The process of making career choices is complex since there are diverse factors affecting students’selection of programs when they enrol in higher and tertiary institutions. Just like in any other discipline,tourism and hospitality management graduates are affected by various factors when deciding theircareers post-graduation. Preliminary studies have shown that a significant percentage of tourism andhospitality graduates divert from tourism to some other, sometimes totally unrelated, industries foremployment. This study seeks to discover tourism and hospitality degree graduates’ perceptions andcareer attainment in Zimbabwe. The following critical questions were asked in order to achieve theobjective of the study; Why do they enrol for the tourism/hospitality program in the first place, that iswhat factors affect the students’ selection process of tertiary education programs? and why do someend up in totally different fields after graduating? Qualitative research approach was adopted in orderto understand the graduates’ perceptions, data was collected by the way of interviews. Data wasanalysed using the thematic approach. Findings revealed that while most of the graduates are employedin the tourism and hospitality industry in Zimbabwe, they are not satisfied with their jobs. Some feel thatthey studied tourism/hospitality as a last resort hence they do not have satisfaction while others areonly in the industry because they do not have an option. Poor working conditions and poor remuneration were also cited as causes of dissatisfaction. There are however a significant number who do not regrettheir career choice.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ПРЕМИКСА «КОСТОПРАВ» НА ПРОДУКТИВНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ЦЫПЛЯТ-БРОЙЛЕРОВ
Authors: Альпейсов Ш.А.
Published: October 2021

В статье приведены результаты исследований, связанных с изучением влияния премикса «Костоправ» на продуктивные показатели цыплят-бройлеров. По результатам исследований выявлено, что использование указанного премикса в составе комбикормов оказало положительное влияние на рост и развитие молодняка мясной птицы. Так цыплята-бройлеры 2-й опытной группы показали лучшие результаты выращивания по сравнению с аналогами. Стимуляция внутренних резервов организма позволила повысить живую массу цыплят-бройлеров 2-й опытной группы на 8,9-32,0% по сравнению с 1-й и 3-й группами соответственно. По среднесуточному приросту цыплята опытной группы также превосходили аналогов из других групп на 9,2 и 17,5% соответственно. Затраты корма на 1 кг прироста живой массы во 2-й опытной группе составили 1,81 кг, что на 3,7% меньше, чем в 1-й контрольной группе. Таким образом, включение в рационы цыплят-бройлеров премикса «Костоправ» в объеме 1,25 кг на 1 центнер комбикорма приводит к увеличению продуктивности, сохранности поголовья и снижению затрат корма на получение единицы продукции. По мясным качествам, сортности тушек, а также химическому и минеральному составу мяса цыплят - бройлеров соответствовало требованиям действующего стандарта.
АЛМАТЫ ОБЛЫСЫНЫҢ (TILLETIA CARIES (D.C.) TUL. & C. TUL) ПОПУЛЯЦИЯСЫНА ВЕНГРИЯЛЫҚ БИДАЙ ЛИНИЯЛАРЫНЫҢ ТӨЗІМДІЛІГІ
Authors: Бакиров С.Б , Маденова А.К , Ғалымбек Қ. , Кадир А. , Сабденалиева Г.М.
Published: October 2021

Қатты қаракүйе ауруы (Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul.) күздік бидайдың кең таралған ауруы. Ол әлемнің бидай өсіретін барлық аймақтарында кездеседі. Эпифитотия жылдары бидай өнімінің азаюы мен сапасының нашарлауына алып келеді. Жасанды індет аясында Алматы облысының Tilletia caries (D.C.) Tul. & C. Tul патогеніне венгриялық 21 бидай сорттарының төзімділігі сыналды. Зерттеу жұмысының барысында мақсатқа жету үшін бірнеше әдістер қолданылды. Олар: Tilletia caries (D.C.) Tul. & C. Tul патогенімен бидайды инокуляциялауда А.И. Борггардта-Анпилогованың әдісі қолданылды, Green Seeker (Trimble Navigation Limited, USA) – аппараты арқылы өсімдіктің биомассасының индексі өлшенді (NDVI – Normalized Difference Vegetative Index). Үлгілерді Tilletia caries (D.C.) Tul. & C. Tul қоздырғышымен залалдануын бағалауда М. Қойшыбаев шкаласы қолданылды. Зерттеу нәтижесінде ауруға жоғары төзімді деп 7 бидай сорты ерекшеленді. Олар: Békés, Szemes, Rege, Rába, Ati, Pilis және Vitorlás. Индекс биомасса көрсеткішін (NDVI) есептеу нəтижесінде 6 генотиптің NDVI көрсеткіші жоғары деп табылды. Құрылымдық белгілеріне талдау нəтижесінде Pilis, Rege және Rába сорттары төрт бірдей белгілері бойынша жоғары көрсеткіш көрсетті. Ерте масақтануымен 4 бидай сорты ерекшеленді. Бұл сорттарды селекция бағдарламасына қатты қаракүйе ауруына төзімді үлгі ретінде ұсынуға болады.
FLEXIBLE WELLBEING AND ORGANIZATIONAL CREATIVITY: PERSONALITY TRAITS ROLE
Authors: Umukoro Jones , Egwakhe Johnson , Akpa Victoria
Published: October 2021

Organizational creativity is indispensable in a highly competitive and dynamic academic environment; and the role of individuals is mostly unquantifiable. Hence the study argued that the ideas, novel research output, patents, grants of the academic staff depend on the flexible wellbeing of the workforce which is at a low level in Nigeria. Thus, the paper investigated the role of personality traits on the relationship between flexible wellbeing and organizational creativity. The paper implemented a cross-sectional survey research design and collated data from six hundred and twenty-one academic staff ranked from Senior Lecturer to Professor from eight selected private universities in South-West, Nigeria through applying multi-stage random sampling technique. Reliable and validated tests were conducted on the adapted questionnaire before it was used for the study. The result from hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS add-on called process analysis revealed that personality traits have a moderating effect on the interactions between flexible wellbeing and organizational creativity (ΔR2 = 0.014, ΔF(1, 528) = 13.579, p < 0.05). Management to tailor wellbeing policies and practices to workers’ creative drive as there is no “one-size-fits-all” approach to designing an effective flexible wellbeing strategy.
Concevoir des outils pédagogiques pour et avec les enseignant·e·s et les évaluer expérimentalement
Authors: Martinet Catherine , de Chambrier Anne-Françoise , Sermier Dessemontet Rachel
Published: October 2021

De nombreux·euses chercheur·euse·s conçoivent des outils pédagogiques pour les enseignant·e·s. Si les chercheur·euse·s en sciences de l’éducation se doivent de développer des outils intégrant les recommandations issues de la recherche, il·elle·s doivent aussi veiller à ce que ces outils répondent aux besoins des enseignant·e·s et qu’ils puissent s’inscrire dans leur réalité professionnelle. Dans une approche de conception continuée dans l’usage, des allers-retours entre le laboratoire et les salles de classe sont par conséquent préconisés. De plus, une évaluation de l’efficacité des outils ainsi développés avec une approche expérimentale reste indispensable. Deux recherches illustrant les complémentarités possibles entre ces deux approches seront présentées : l’une traite de l’enseignement de la lecture-décodage auprès d’élèves présentant une déficience intellectuelle, par des enseignant·e·s spécialisé·e·s, et l’autre de celui des premières compétences en mathématiques auprès d’élèves d’école enfantine (âgés de 4 à 6 ans).
Radiation defects in NaCl matrix with reduced lattice symmetry caused by light cation doping and elastic uniaxial deformation
Authors: Shunkeyev Kuanyshbek , Ubaev Zhiger , Lushchik Aleksandr , Myasnikova Lyudmila
Published: October 2021

The processes of radiation defect creation and radiative relaxation of electronic excitations under applied local or/and uniaxial elastic deformation have been studied in NaCl crystals by means of optical absorption, luminescence and thermoactivation spectroscopy methods. In NaCl:Li at 80 K, X-ray-induced absorption bands peaked around 3.35 and 4.6 eV have been detected and ascribed to interstitial halide atoms located nearby Li impurity cations, HA(Li) centres. Subsequent thermal annealing of HA(Li) centres leads to the formation of polyhalide centres responsible for the absorption band at 5.35 eV. In an X-irradiated and stressed NaCl:Li crystal (degree of uniaxial elastic deformation of ε = 0.9%), the peak of thermally stimulated luminescence at ~115 K is composed of the ~2.7-eV emission appearing, in our opinion, due to the recombination of the electron, thermally released from an F′ centre, with a hole-type HA(Li) centre. The applied uniaxial elastic stress facilitates the self-trapping of anion excitons in regular regions of a NaCl lattice and impedes the energy transfer by mobile excitons to impurities/defects and, in turn, attenuates the Br-related luminescence peaked at 3.95 eV with respect to the π-emission of self-trapped excitons (~3.35 eV). The 3.95 eV emission has been detected in a natural NaCl crystal containing homologous Br impurity ions.
Nonlinear Vibration and Stability Analysis of Functionally Graded Nanobeam Subjected to External Parametric Excitation and Thermal Load
Authors: Shayestenia Fateme , Janmohammadi Mohadese , Sadatsakkak Seyedabbas , Ghadiri Majid
Published: October 2021

Analysis of vibration stability of simply supported Euler-Bernoulli functionally graded (FG) nanobeam embedded in viscous elastic medium with thermal effect under external parametric excitation is presented in this work. An attempt has been made for the first time is investigating the effect of thermal load on dynamic behavior, amplitude response, instability region and bifurcation points of functionally graded nanobeam. Thermal loads are supposed to be uniform, linear or nonlinear distribution along the thickness direction. Nonlocal continuum theory and the principle of the minimum total potential energy are applied to derive the governing equations. The partial differential equations (PDE) are transported to the ordinary differential equations (ODE) by using the Petrov-Galerkin method and the multiple time scales method are manipulated to solve the motion equation. To study the effect of external parametric excitation and thermal effect, different temperature distributions along the thickness such as uniform, linear, and nonlinear distribution are considered. Moreover, stable and unstable regions and bifurcation points are determined. It is obtained that the thermal load can affect the amplitude response of FG nanobeam. Also, it is observed that the instability of the system is affected by the detuning parameter and the parametric excitation amplitude plays great role in the instability of system. Nanobeams are used in many devices like nanoresonators, nanosensors and nanoswitches. This paper is helpful for designing and manufacturing nanoscale structures specially nanoresonators under different thermal loads.
Creating a COVID-19 bio-secure environment: experience from a medical faculty in Sri Lanka
Authors: Dissanayake A. S. , Amarasena S. D. , Devasiri V.
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented educational institutions and educationists with unprecedented challenges with regard to the delivery of high-quality education. The challenges have been greater for the medical education institutions as the students engaging in clinical attachments work in a high-risk environment for COVID-19 transmission and place themselves and their associates at personal risk. The paper outlines the robust and pragmatic framework adopted by the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna to meet its twin goals of continuing to provide high-quality medical education whilst ensuring health and wellbeing of students. Measures were adopted to minimize exposure outside the educational environs as well as within the hospital and halls of residence. Guidelines were adopted, discussed and disseminated. Suitable personal protective equipment was defined and all students’ inward settings requested to wear them. Unanticipated COVID-19 exposures took place on two occasions and the faculty risk assessment committee quarantined a few students with high-risk exposure within the halls of residence. The ‘protected exposure’ to minimize the risk of COVID-19 provided by the personal protective equipment they wore, prevented many students from being quarantined. All who were quarantined were COVID-RT-qPCR negative on day 14 of exposure. A community-acquired COVID-19 outbreak with 7 students testing positive for COVID-19 in the halls of residence required the Faculty of Medicine to institute the first civilian administered quarantine facility in Sri Lanka quarantining 200 students as first-line contacts and isolating a further 264 as second-line contacts. The administration of the quarantine facility was an unprecedented logistical challenge to the university administration and the academic staff. Meticulous attention to detail and commitment helped the faculty quarantine centre to meet up with all challenges and the 464 students all tested negative on the exit RT-qPCR. This was a zero cross-transmission rate for the infection and was a remarkable achievement for a quarantine facility. Leadership principles specifically aimed at managing crisis situations such as transparent communication, the urgency of action, commitment to core values and empowering all stakeholders formed the crux of the successful measures adopted. It is hoped that the wider lessons emanating from the experiences outlined in this paper will be of value to academic colleagues from similar medical educational settings to create bio-secure, COVID-19 protective environments in their respective institutions.
Simulation in surgical education: a review of a multi- tiered gynaecological laparoscopy workshop
Authors: Kirsten O. J. Y. , Andy T. W. K. , Wei D. F. C. , Jason L. S. K.
Published: October 2021

Background: While minimally access approach has become the gold standard for many gynaecological procedures, laparoscopic surgery has a steep learning curve and many trainees face challenges acquiring the necessary skills. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-tiered laparoscopy simulation workshop for gynaecology residents. Approach: An observational study was conducted at SingHealth Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Institute of Medical Simulation Centre (SIMS) between November 2016 and November 2017. Gynaecology residents were recruited to attend two separate one-day workshops held in November 2016 and November 2017 respectively, involving didactic lectures, dry-lab simulation and animal training. Participants rated various learning domains of the training workshops using a five-point scale Likert in pre- and post-workshop surveys. Findings: The study enrolled 16 residents in total. On a Likert scale from 1 to 5 (1 being poor and 5 being excellent), participants rated significant improvement in domains of general laparoscopy skills acquisition (1.7 + 0.6 to 4.9 + 0.4; p<0.001), dry lab simulation (1.9 + 0.5 to 4.8 + 0.4; p<0.001), confidence in laparoscopy suturing skills (1.1 + 0.3 to 4.8 + 0.4; p<0.001) and laparoscopy knowledge (2.1 + 0.5 to 4.7 + 0.5; p<0.001). Conclusion: A combination of didactic lectures, dry-lab simulation and animal training under expert supervision and guidance dramatically improved surgical skills and confidence in gynaecology residents. Such a multi-tiered format allows for effective learning and acquisition of laparoscopic skills.
Clinical features, severity, and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 infection: A follow-up study
Authors: Abdulah Deldar Morad , Saber Hemin Khalid
Published: October 2021

Few epidemiological investigations explored disease outcomes in patients with COVID-19 in Iraqi Kurdistan. The association of clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients with outcomes was examined in this study. Patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 from a private clinic were followed up until recovery or death between 15th August and 20th October 2020. The mean age of the COVID-19 patients was 47.12 (6-90 years). Fatigue (76.15%), myalgia (66.53%), fever (65.33%), cough (62.53%), sweating (58.52%), and headache (56.11%) were the most prevalent symptoms. Most of the patients had mild severity (350, 70.14%) followed by moderate (74, 14.83%), severe (46, 9.22%), and critical (29, 5.81%). The case fatality rate (CFR) was 5.41% (n=27) and was significantly increased with increasing severity; mild (0.0%), moderate (1.35%), severe (10.87%), and critical (72.41%; P<0.001). The patients with the critical and severe situations were significantly older; medians: 67 vs 55 years compared to those patients with moderate and mild situations; medians: 51 vs 45 years; P<0.001. The patients who died were significantly older compared to recovered patients; medians: 65 vs 46 years; P<0.001, respectively. The disease severity was the only factor to predict mortality in patients with COVID-19 disease. Concerning the severity, being older, having anorexia, fatigue, pleurisy, diarrhea, fever, sweating, shortness of breath, and being male were determined to be predictors of severity in COVID-19 patients. The incidence rate of severe/critical conditions was significantly increased with increasing age. The older age was determined to be a predictor for higher mortality.
Intervention Challenges in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease with Coexisting Interruption of the Inferior Vena Cava - A Case Series
Authors: Das Saurabhi , Roy Mahua , Chattopadhya Amitabh , Ganguly Debasree
Published: October 2021

Interruption of the inferior vena cava with azygos continuation is a rare congenital anomaly. This anomaly becomes clinically important during cardiac interventions.
Interventricular Septal Hematoma
Authors: Abdelghani Mohamed Salah , Chapra Ammar , Abed Hossam , Al-Qahtani Awad , Alkindi Fahad
Published: October 2021

Retrograde percutaneous coronary intervention to chronic total occlusion coronary arteries can have complications due to its complexity. One of its complications is an interventricular septal hematoma which we report here.
Anaemia in Heart Failure Patients, Associated with Angiotensin – Renin – Aldosterone System Altering Medications
Authors: Jonaitienė Neda , Ramantauskaitė Grytė , Laukaitienė Jolanta
Published: October 2021

Heart failure (HF) remains one of the most common diseases and one of the major causes of death worldwide. HF is often associated with other chronic diseases, most commonly with anemia. Anemia increases patients' mortality and lowers their quality of life. There are a few pathophysiological mechanisms that explain anemia in patients with HF – hemodilution, absolute or functional iron deficiency, activation of the inflammatory cascade, chronic kidney disease, and impaired erythropoietin production and activity. Moreover, congestive HF is often treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and aldosterone receptors blockers, which could be linked to the development of anemia.
Case Series and Brief Review Report
Authors: Bardooli Fawaz Khalil , Hussain Tajammul , Amin Haitham , Shivappa Sadananda , Noor Husam A.
Published: October 2021

The excimer laser has revolutionary impact on lesion preparation and chronic total occlusion outcomes. Furthermore, this technology has made huge progression in modern percutaneous intervention, especially in ones labeled as noncrossable lesions. This device has the advantage of crossing lesions that 0.14 wire pass through. The mechanism through which excimer laser coronary atherectomy (ELCA) works are photochemical, photothermal, and photomechanical. In this review cases article, we discuss the uses of ELCA in daily catheterization laboratory alone and with other plaque modification tools. We touch on acute coronary syndrome uses of ELCA, no-balloon crossing lesion, and intervening on deformed stents.
The Comparing of Short Clinical Cardiovascular Outcomes with Wraparound and Nonwraparound Left Anterior Descending Artery in Patients with Anterior ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Shemirani Hassan , Zavar Reihaneh , Khosravi Alireza , Tavakoli Maryam
Published: October 2021

Background:

The relation between left anterior descending artery (LAD) anatomy and clinical outcomes in patients with anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and severity of short-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with Anterior ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous intervention (PCI), based on wraparound and non-wraparound left anterior descending artery (LAD).

Methods:

In a cross-sectional study, 126 patients with anterior STEMI who were admitted to Shahid Chamran Hospital in Isfahan during 2020 were studied. Patients were evaluated for anatomical features of LAD coronary artery and clinical outcomes determined and compared based on wraparound LAD and non-wraparound LAD during hospitalization and up to one month after PCI.

Results:

The prevalence of wraparound LAD in the studied patients was 73% and left ventricular systolic dysfunction in admission was greater and more severe in patients with wraparound LADs compared with those with non-wraparound. Severe LV systolic dysfunction in the wraparound and non-wraparound groups was 39.6% and 8.8%, respectively (P < 0.001). Also, the frequency of arrhythmias in the wraparound group (21.7%) was higher than the non-wraparound group (5.9%) (P = 0.037).

Conclusion:

The patients with anterior STEMI and wraparound LAD have a worse clinical outcome and more severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Therefore, it seems that the study of the anatomical condition of the LAD artery at the time of angiography is of great importance in the way of observation and care, and treatment of patients.
Influence of COVID-19 Pandemic on Cardiac Services in Bahrain
Authors: Bardooli Fawaz Khalil , Hasan Jasim , Hussain Tajammul , Abdulrahman Abdulkarim , Al Shaikh Shereen
Published: October 2021

Background:

There are different protocols initiated to maintain the workflow in cardiovascular units around the world. Variable responses were seen in different populations. We adapted certain protocols during coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic because we want to know the key element that maintains an acceptable standard of cardiovascular care during future pandemics.

Methods:

Four hundred and fifty-four cardiac patients were admitted during COVID-19 era. Patients from March to July 2020 were included in this study. Those patients were divided into two periods: strict-COVID-19 from March 19, 2020, to May 18, 2020 (132 patients) and mid-COVID-19 from May 19, 2020, to July 18, 2020 (322 patients). These were compared to admissions at the pre-COVID-19 era from January 19, 2020, to March 18, 2020 (600 patients). All patients' data were collected through the quality department from the electronic medical records.

Results:

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the admission number and ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) cases were dramatically reduced during the strict-COVID-19 time yet recovered back in the mid-COVID-19 period. The admission rate was reduced from 600 to 132, while the STEMI cases dropped from 91 in pre-COVID-19 to 41 in strict-COVID-19 and then back to 81 cases in mid-COVID 19 period (P > 0.05/P = 0.02 between pre and mid-COVID-19 periods).

Conclusion:

Our cardiac center continues to serve our population without a complete lockdown period due to multiple key elements adapted during this pandemic. The flexibility in the protocols of managing acute cardiac cases has maintained the mortality rate stable through all COVID-19 periods and return to working efficiently to near-normal levels.
Morphological Changes of Coronary Arteries in Cases of Sudden Death due to Cardiac Causes - An Autopsy-Based 10-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Udasimath Shivakumarswamy , Nagesha K. R. , Ramaiah Puruhotham
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the most common cause of cardiac deaths worldwide, mainly due to atherosclerosis. Prevalence of atherosclerosis evaluation, in an autopsy-based study, can be a valuable tool on subjects who died of cardiac causes. With this hypothesis, we conducted this 10-year retrospective study on the hearts of subjects who died due to cardiac causes.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted from January 2010 to May 2020 at Department of Pathology, Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan, Karnataka. Autopsy was conducted at our hospital in the deceased patients who died of suddenly due to cardiac causes. Standard procedures were followed for the removal of intact heart. Heart specimens were sent to our department for histopathological analysis. After fixation in 10% formalin, specimens of the heart were examined in detail. Heart specimens were weighed and measured. The three main coronary arteries were identified and dissected out according to the standard guidelines. These arteries were carefully examined for any histological evidence of atherosclerosis and associated pathological lesions. After detailed study, the lesions were graded according to the classification given by the American Heart Association from Grade I to Grade VI and coronary luminal narrowing by White and Edwards method.

Results:

Evaluation of a total of 682 autopsy cases was done. In the evaluation, 574 cases were due to sudden cardiac caused deaths. 436 (76.03%) subjects had evidence of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries. In our study, 468 (81.53%) were male and remaining 106 (18.46%) were female. The most commonly involved coronary artery was left anterior descending coronary artery (LADA, 412 cases, 71.74%). Triple-vessel disease was found in 118 cases (20.55%) of subjects.

Conclusion:

In Indian population, atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries begins at a younger age. Therefore, thorough screening for the same should begin at an early age. Our study showed alarmingly high prevalence of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries, especially in the LADA. Coronary atherosclerosis is an important risk factor for IHDs in both sexes, even though the incidence of atherosclerosis is more common in males when compared to females.
Cognitive and affective empathy in men with alcohol dependence
Authors: Nachane Hrishikesh Bipin , Nadadgalli Gomati V. , Umate Maithili S.
Published: October 2021

Background:

Empathy plays a role not only in pathophysiology but also in planning management strategies for alcohol dependence; however, few studies have looked into it. No data are available regarding the variation of empathy with abstinence and motivation. Assessment based on cognitive and affective dimensions of empathy is needed.

Aim:

This study aimed to assess cognitive and affective empathy in men with alcohol dependence and compared it with normal controls. Association of empathy with disease-specific variables, motivation, and abstinence was also done.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted in the outpatient department of a tertiary care center. Sixty men with alcohol dependence and 60 healthy controls were recruited and assessed using the Basic Empathy Scale for cognitive and affective empathy. The University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale was used to assess motivation. Other variables were assessed using a semi-structured pro forma. Comparative analysis was done using unpaired t-test and one-way ANOVA. Correlation was done using Pearson's correlation test.

Results:

Cases with alcohol dependence showed lower levels of cognitive, affective, and total empathy as compared to controls. Affective and total empathy were higher in abstinent men. Empathy varied across various stages of motivation, with a significant difference seen between precontemplation and action stages. Empathy correlated negatively with number of relapses and positively with family history of addiction.

Conclusions:

Empathy (both cognitive and affective) is significantly reduced in alcohol dependence. Higher empathy correlates with lesser relapses. Abstinence and progression in motivation cycle is associated with remission in empathic deficits.
Cluster analysis of risky behaviors among the youth in Western Iran
Authors: Khazaie Habibolah , Najafi Farid , Hamzeh Behrooz , Chehri Azita , Rahimi-Movaghar Afarin , Amin-Esmaeili Masoumeh , Moradi-Nazar Mehdi , Khazaie Sepideh , Zakiei Ali , Kamasi Saeed , Pasdar Yahya
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims:

The objectives of the study were (i) cluster analysis of risky behaviors; (ii) determining correlates; and (iii) comparing clusters with regard to the attitude toward mental health help seeking.

Methods:

The current cross-sectional study is a part of the first phase of the Persian Youth Cohort. From October 2014 to January 2017, 2990 individuals from Ravansar City in western Iran completed structured interviews and national and international standard questionnaires. The obtained data were analyzed using two-stage cluster analysis, multinomial logistic regression analysis, and Chi-square test.

Results:

This model provided three distinct clusters: (i) low-risk group with mild distress, (ii) high-risk group with high distress, and (iii) violent group with medium distress. Some sociodemographic and lifetime psychiatric disorders were the correlates of unhealthy clusters (P < 0.05). Compared to the reference cluster, a higher number of members in unhealthy clusters were suffering from medium to severe disability. Nevertheless, the participants in these clusters were less inclined to mental health help seeking.

Conclusions:

More than half of the youth were suffering from suicidal and violent behaviors. Since high-risk participants are less inclined to mental health help seeking, the health policymakers can successfully utilize the results in planning general health programs.
Clinical Research Center for Neuromodulation in Psychiatry
Authors: Venkatasubramanian Ganesan , Mehta Urvakhsh Meherwan , Goyal Nishant , Praharaj Samir Kumar , Umesh Shreekantiah , Muralidharan Kesavan , Thirthalli Jagadisha
Published: October 2021

This manuscript introduces a unique program titled “Clinical Research Center (CRC) for Neuromodulation in Psychiatry” supported by the prestigious CRC/Public Health Research Center Grant of the DBT Wellcome Trust India Alliance. This multi-institutional research program will be led by NIMHANS (Bengaluru) in collaboration with the Central Institute of Psychiatry (Ranchi), and Kasturba Medical College (Manipal). The goal of this CRC is in alignment with the editorial titled “Need to Develop “Interventional Psychiatry” as a subspecialty in India” published in the January 2020 issue of the Indian Journal of Psychiatry. The translational research studies and the training programs envisaged through this center will facilitate the development of cost-effective, advanced interventional psychiatry tailored to resource-limited Indian clinical settings and similar other countries as well.