bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EL ESPACIO AÉREO Y SU REGLAMENTO INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Calvo Castillo Manuel Ángel
Published: March 2021

En el artículo 42 Constitucional de nuestra carta magna establece que el espacio aéreo es parte fundamental de la integración del Estado Mexicano, toda vez que es parte integral del territorio nacional que comprende “… VI. El espacio situado sobre el territorio nacional, con la extensión y modalidades que establezca elpropio derecho internacional y su correspondiente soberanía pero que, además, posea capacidades de proyección a nivel regional, hemisférico y global…” de lo anterior se desprende una normatividad fundamental que por ser muy especializada es poco conocida, al ser un sector tan importante y estratégico en el ámbito internacional y nacional es procedente identificar cuáles son algunas de los principalesregímenes jurídicos de este sector tan importante.
NUESTRA NACIÓN EN LA HISTORIA DEL VALLE O CUENCA DE MÉXICO
Authors: Cabrera Beck Carlos
Published: March 2021

La cultura “padre” de México, directa y unificadora, fue la española de la historia moderna postrenacentista, desarrollada y extendida por individuos de una naturaleza singularísima y flama hasta hoy inextinta, la cual fue el resultado del entrecruzamiento de legítimas motivaciones medievales con un pensamiento cartesiano.La cultura “madre” es el plural y rico conglomerado de etnias originarias que desde hacía miles de años se habían asentado en lo que hoy es el gran continente americano y en la parte de norteamérica que a nosotros los mexicanos nos corresponde.Culturas por cierto originales, que viven actualmente en nosotros mismos y cuyo grado de desarrollo y organización, no exento de recíprocas relaciones e influencias, no dejó de producir profundo asombro ante los ojos y en las mentes de quienes las observaron por primera vez y aún hoy las continúan redescubriendo,sean propios o extraños.
Исследование технологии производства экстрактов зёрен чёрного обжаренного кофе арабика (Coffea arabica) и зелёного кофе робуста (Coffea canephora) с антиоксидантной активностью: определение типа растворителя
Authors: Будылин Дмитрий Валерьевич , Макарова Надежда Викторовна , Карпова Мария Олеговна , Игнатова Динара Фанисовна
Published: March 2021

В данной статье исследуются показатели общего содержания фенолов, флавоноидов, антирадикальной активности по методу DPPH, восстанавливающей силы по методу FRAP для экстрактов зёрен чёрного обжаренного кофе Арабика (Coffea arabica) и зелёного кофе Робуста (Coffea canephora). Исследовались экстракты, полученные с использованием различных видов растворителей: вода, смесь вода-этанол (96%) (75% об. /25% об.), смесь вода-этанол (50% об. /50% об.), смесь вода-этанол (96%) (25% об. /75% об.) и вода-этанол (96%). Определен тип растворителя, позволяющий максимально полно экстрагировать антиоксидантные вещества из кофе. Максимальные значения общего содержания фенольных веществ обнаружены в экстракте кофе Робуста на основе системы растворителей вода-этанол (75/25), для экстрактов чёрного кофе максимальные значения получены при его экстрагировании водой. Наивысшие показатели общего содержания флавоноидов установлены для экстрактов кофе Робуста и Арабика на основе воды. Низкая антирадикальная активность обнаружена в кофе Арабика и Робуста при соотношении растворителей вода-этанол (25/75). Наибольший показатель восстанавливающей силы обнаружен в экстракте кофе Робуста на основе воды, для получения высоких показателей восстанавливающей силы в экстрактах кофе Арабика в качестве растворителя рекомендуется использовать этанол. Таким образом, можно рекомендовать систему растворителей вода 50% - этанол 50% для получения экстрактов из зёрен чёрного обжаренного кофе Арабика (Coffea arabica) и зелёного кофе Робуста (Coffea canephora), обладающих способностью тормозить окислительный стресс в организме человека.
Органолептические, физико-химические и антиоксидантные свойства снеков на основе черники (Vaccínium myrtíllus)
Authors: Васильева Екатерина Александровна , Елисеева Елена Алексеевна , Игнатова Динара Фанисовна , Макарова Надежда Викторовна
Published: March 2021

Для ягод черники (Vaccínium myrtíllus), пюре черники, снеков сублимированных на основе пюре черники и снеков сублимированных на основе пюре черники с добавлением пектина были определены органолептические показатели, содержание растворимых сухих веществ, содержание сахаров, титруемая кислотность, содержание витамина С, пищевых волокон, общее содержание фенолов, флавоноидов, антоцианов, антирадикальная активность по методу DPPH, восстанавливающая сила по методу FRAP. Органолептическая оценка нового вида снеков сублимированных на основе пюре черники показала, что оба образца сублимированных снеков обладают привлекательными для потребителя свойствами, что может способствовать их реализации в качестве инновационного функционального продукта. Немаловажным аспектом для привлечения потребителя является полная натуральность продукта и польза его для здоровья человека, как психологический фактор высоко оцененный экспертной комиссией. Установлено повышенное содержание растворимых сухих веществ, сахаров, титруемой кислотности, витамина С и пищевых волокон в сублимированных снеках на основе пюре черники и сублимированных снеках на основе пюре черники с добавлением пектина по сравнению с ягодами черники и пюре черники. Доказано повышение антиоксидантных свойств (общего содержания фенолов, флавоноидов, антоцианов), антирадикальной активности и восстанавливающей способности у образцов в ряду ягоды черники – пюре черники – сублимированные снеки на основе пюре черники – сублимированные снеки на основе пюре черники с добавлением пектина. Установлено, что добавление пектина к снекам сублимированным на основе пюре черники способствует снижению крошливости и незначительному повышению содержания пищевых волокон.
Исследование органолептических и физико-химических свойств съедобных стаканов на основе яблочного сырья с использованием различных добавок: сухого молока, сухих сливок, картофельного и кукурузного крахмала, карбоксиметилцеллюлозы, лецитина
Authors: Макарова Надежда Викторовна , Еремеева Наталья , Елисеева Елена Алексеевна , Давыдова Яна Владимировна
Published: March 2021

В статье рассмотрены вопросы создание съедобных стаканов на основе яблочного сырья с различными добавками. Впервые приводятся результаты исследования образцов съедобных стаканов с различными добавками (картофельный крахмал, кукурузный крахмал, карбоксиметилцеллюлоза, лецитин, сухое молоко, сухие сливки). Съедобные стаканы получены на основе одного из самых распространенных видов фруктов – яблок. Для съедобных стаканов изучены органолептические свойства (внешний вид, цвет, вкус, аромат, пережевываемость), микроструктура поверхности стаканов, отношение упаковки к воде и другим пищевым жидкостям, влажность, водопоглощение. Результаты исследований показывают, что съедобные стаканы на основе яблочного сырья вполне приемлемы по органолептическим показателям. Несмотря на отдельные трещины и пустоты в структуре материала стаканов, они обладают высокими характеристиками устойчивости к воде и пищевым жидкостям при низкой и высокой температурах.
Оценка иммуногенности экспериментального образца адсорбированной инактивированной культурально-клеточной вакцины против анаплазмоза овец
Authors: Глушаков Роман Витальевич , Василенко Иван Александрович , Донских Алексей Алексеевич , Щетинин Михаил Павлович
Published: March 2021

Анаплазмоз овец – кровепаразитарная трансмиссивная болезнь, вызываемая эндоглобулярным внутриэритроцитарным паразитом Anaplasma ovis Lestoguard, 1924 (порядок Rickettsiales, семейство Anaplasmataceae). Основные признаки анаплазмоза – анемия, исхудание, потеря продуктивности и нарушение воспроизводительной функции животных. Анаплазмоз наносит овцеводству значительный экономический ущерб. Основная эпизоотическая роль в распространении анаплазмоза овец принадлежит клещу Dermacentor marginatus. Этот вид клеща развивается по треххозяинному типу. Весной, с первых дней выхода животных на пастбище, D. marginatus нападает на них в стадии имаго. Прокормителями юных стадий клеща служат мелкие грызуны: мыши, суслики, хомяки и др. В июне–июле клещ не активен. В третьей декаде августа и до конца октября нападение на скот возобновляется [2]. Поэтому изыскание мер профилактики анаплазмоза овец, а именно создание вакцины, является актуальным.
Stand on the Same Side Against Covid – 19: Scientific Evidence on Vaccine for Covid-19
Authors: Corbetta Lorenzo , Fabbri Leonardo M. , Cavalieri Duccio , Bonanni Paolo , Mantovani Alberto , Thompson Bruce , Luo Fengming
Published: March 2021

This document is the direct transcription of a Webinar organized by Prof. L. Corbetta of the University of Florence on December 10th, 2020.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Dongo Montoya Adrian Oscar , Ferreira Rafael dos Reis , Bataglia Patrícia Unger Raphael , Saladini Ana Claudia , Fogaça Junior Orlando Mendes , Silva Eliane Paganini da
Published: March 2021

Os editores da Schème - Revista Eletrônica de Psicologia e Epistemologia Genéticas têm a satisfação de apresentar o Volume 12, Número 2, com sete artigos aprovados por um criterioso processo de avaliação e um texto de homenagem ao Prof. Jean-Marie Dolle. Aproveitamos para agradecer mais uma vez aos nossos pesquisadores que compõem o Conselho Editorial e Conselho Consultivo da Schème e aos pareceristas ad hoc pela colaboração e disponibilidade constante para atender nossas solicitações. Agradecemos também aos pesquisadores por confiarem a submissão e publicação de suas pesquisas na Schème.
JOGO DE REGRAS XADREZ SIMPLIFICADO E O PROCESSO DE TOMADA DE CONSCIÊNCIA: O QUE REVELAM AS CONDUTAS LÚDICAS DAS CRIANÇAS?
Authors: Mauricio Maria Fernanda Maceira , Oliveira Francismara Neves de , Peres Lilian Alves Pereira , Carvalho Luciana Ramos Rodrigues de
Published: March 2021

O estudo apoiou-se no referencial teórico-metodológico da Epistemologia Genética e tomou o experimento piagetiano “Um sistema de deslocamentos espaçotemporais” (xadrez simplificado) como instrumento, fundamentado nos princípios do método clínico. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória desenvolvida em um município norte-paranaense envolvendo 7 participantes entre 8 e 11 anos de idade. O estudo objetivou identificar, nas condutas lúdicas de jogadores de Xadrez Simplificado, momentos exemplificadores do processo de tomada de consciência da ação empregados pelos sujeitos na elaboração de estratégias para resolução de conflitos cognitivos nas situações produzidas no contexto do jogo. Nesse aporte teórico, o jogo se constitui uma possibilidade de ações e interações, sendo um importante instrumento para promover a atividade construtiva, o desenvolvimento cognitivo, afetivo e social. Ao provocar conflitos internos, o jogo permite a busca de modificação da ação, enriquecendo e favorecendo a reelaboração das estruturas cognitivas dos indivíduos. Os resultados deste estudo permitiram apontar o jogo xadrez simplificado como um instrumento importante para reconhecer o gradativo e progressivo processo de afastamento dos aspectos figurativos para os centrais, relações de interdependência entre peças, jogadores e nível de estratégias empregadas, além de raciocínios importantes às aprendizagens escolares, evidenciados no jogo.
COMO É POSSÍVEL A FILOSOFIA? UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DO MODELO DO SISTEMA DE ESQUEMAS DE AÇÕES E OPERAÇÕES SOBRE SÍMBOLOS E SIGNOS
Authors: Tassinari Ricardo Pereira
Published: March 2021

Por que teorias filosóficas parecem ser tão reais aos filósofos que as propõem? Por que, mesmo se apresentando como reais aos seus autores, existe uma grande diversidade de teorias filosóficas? Quais seriam, pelo menos em linhas gerais, as estruturas necessárias ao conhecimento filosófico? Na medida em que a Epistemologia Genética se constitui como uma teoria do conhecimento que estuda as estruturas necessárias ao conhecimento, seria importante que, a partir dos estudos e pesquisas nessa área, buscasse-se responder a tais questões. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir, em linhas gerais, como o Modelo do Sistema de Esquemas de Operações sobre Símbolos e Signos (MoSEAOSS), introduzido por Tassinari (2014), explica a possibilidade do conhecimento filosófico e, nesse sentido, responder a tais questões. O MoSEAOSS foi elaborado a partir de alguns dos principais resultados teóricos e experimentais a que chegaram Jean Piaget, suas colaboradoras e seus colaboradores, articulando-os em uma visão sistêmica, sistemática e sintética. Trata-se aqui de uma discussão teórica envolvendo os conceitos fundamentais do MoSEAOSS e resultados das Epistemologia e Psicologia Genéticas. Mediantes as razões apresentadas a partir do MoSEAOSS, mostra-se que sempre existe a possibilidade de uma grande diversidade de teorias filosóficas e cada uma delas aparenta ser real ao filósofo que a propõe. A razão principal é que a coordenação de seus esquemas de ações e operações sobre símbolos e signos constituem o real para ele, ou ainda, as diversas teorias filosóficas determinam operações sobre signos (envolvendo significações teóricas) que coordenam os esquemas de operações sobre símbolos (em especial, sobre imagens mentais), regulando as possibilidades de imaginação, e, consequentemente, as possibilidades dos comportamentos atribuídos aos objetos e às suas próprias ações. Conclui-se, pois, que o sistema de esquemas de ações e operações sobre símbolos e signos se constitui em uma estrutura necessária, não apenas ao conhecimento científico, mas também ao fazer e conhecer filosóficos. Por fim, os resultados obtidos possibilitam introduzir a descentração epistêmica como à visão filosófica que compreende e explica a existência de diversas teorias e visões filosóficas e científicas possíveis, bem como de diferentes realidades, construídas devido a elas. Nesse sentido, a descentração epistêmica se mostra como um estágio superior das formas de compreensão do real e, seria o cume das diversas formas de descentrações estabelecidas por Piaget, suas colaboradoras e seus colaboradores.
O PROFISSIONAL DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA FRENTE AO DEFICIENTE VISUAL NO COTIDIANO ESCOLAR
Authors: Fileni Carlos Henrique Prevital
Published: March 2021

Abstract: The Physical Education teacher has an important role within the school and the classroom, seeking through specialization, to provide quality education. The inclusion of students with disabilities in schools is still a challenge for these teachers, especially due to the insecurity generated and lack of support structure. With this, the objective of the research was to verify if the effective Physical Education teachers are prepared to include the visually impaired student in their class, within the public and private education networks. The sample consisted of 10 (ten) teachers in the area. An adapted questionnaire was applied, composed of 17 (seventeen) questions, which brought the guidelines elaborated on Inclusive Education for the visually impaired, confirming the poor performance in the practice of quality teaching. It is concluded that Physical Education teachers know that the knowledge they have is not enough to receive visually impaired students in the classroom, but they want to teach them.
EFEITOS DA NATAÇÃO EM PESSOAS COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA: PERCEPÇÃO DE PAIS E TERAPEUTAS
Authors: De Oliveira Mayara Cristina , Di Masi Fabrizio , Monteiro Carlos Eduardo Lima , Costa Frederico Barros , Dantas Estélio Henrique Martin
Published: March 2021

The objective was to assess the perception of parents and therapists of children with autism regarding changes in general behavior and access to treatment. This paper describes an exploratory field study. The sample consisted of 54 participants: 38 parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) who have been practicing swimming for at least 1 year; and 16 therapists who care for children with ASD. A survey type questionnaire (SurveyMonkey platform), created by the researchers and evaluated by three doctors in the area of Education and Physical Education was used for data collection. Cognitive, affective, motor aspects were assessed, as well as perceptions regarding access and skills related to swimming. Simple percentage was calculated on SurveyMonkey platform. Swimming caused favorable results, on parents and therapists perception. Despite the limitations, we conclude that swimming practice is positive on several aspects in the perception of parents and therapists of children with ASD. However, specialized professionals in this field are scarce.
RUGBY EM CADEIRA DE RODAS: UMA ANÁLISE DA MODALIDADE NO BRASIL
Authors: Quintino Saulo Gabriel , Reis Rafael Estevam
Published: March 2021

The main objective of this research is to analyze the sports scenario of Wheelchair Rugby in Brazil. Methodologically, this study is divided into two parts, initially it was necessary to seek information about the sport on the website of the organization responsible for the administration of the sport, the National Rugby Association in Wheelchairs. The website found the results of national and international competitions, participation of the national team in competitions abroad, players and affiliated clubs, as well as status and other important official documents for analysis. After cataloging this information, with the help of existing literature, we started to analyze the sport in Brazil. In a second moment, the work focused on the analysis of what literature has been developing on the sport, through the reading of articles, books , dissertations and theses. The modality has grown in Brazil and today it is present in five states and in the Federal District, with fourteen entities affiliated to ABRC, geographically, the entities are present in the South (Paraná), Southeast (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo) and Midwest (Federal District). Wheelchair Rugby in Brazil is in the process of development, therefore, it needs to be practiced in places that do not yet know the sport, A greater incentive in the purchase of material and sports chairs and seek more legible athletes for the sport.
Cluster Formation using Fuzzy Logic in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: N Bhalaji
Published: March 2021

The biggest challenges faced by wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are the network lifetime and consumption of energy. To reduce the amount of energy used by WSNs, high quality clustering proves to be a crucial approach. There are multiple criteria that need to be evaluated depending on the cluster’s quality and incorporating all these criteria will prove to be cumbersome process, leading to high-quality clustering. Hence, in this paper we propose an algorithm that is used to produce high quality clusters. Cluster quality is set as the deciding criterion to determine the quality of the clusters thereby categorizing them as intra- and inter-clusters based on their distances to eliminate error rate. Using fuzzy logic, the optimal cluster head is chosen. Similarly, based on the maximum and minimum distance between the nodes, the maximum and minimum energy present in every cluster is determined. The major advantages of the proposed methodology are large-scale networks with large nodes count, better scalability, independence of key CHs, low error rate and high reliability. Using internal and external criteria, the validity of the clustering quality can be measured. Experimental simulation shows that the proposed methodology will be useful in improving the network lifetime and energy consumption. Hence the proposed node further enhances the death of the last node and first node when compared using other methodology.
THE TECHNOLOGY OF DETECTION INFORMATION ABOUT VULNERABILITY IN THIRD-PARTY OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE
Authors: Сердечный Алексей Леонидович , Герасимов Игорь Васильевич , Макаров Олег Юрьевич , Пастернак Юрий Геннадьевич , Тихомиров Николай Михайлович , Калашников Андрей Олегович , Преображенский Андрей Петрович
Published: March 2021

В статье приведены результаты разработки технологии выявления сведений об уязвимостях сторонних компонентов программного обеспечения (ПО), позволяющей своевременно обнаруживать проблемы безопасности, связанные с использованием заимствованных компонентов с открытым исходным кодом. Технология отличается процедурами оперативного обнаружения, ранжирования и подтверждения достоверности первоисточников сообщений о таких проблемах. Разработанная технология основана на проведении сбора и семантического анализа сведений об ошибках и средствах (алгоритмах) эксплуатации уязвимостей ПО, содержащихся в сообщениях, публикуемых на информационных ресурсах разработчиков ПО с открытым исходным кодом. Технология включает процедуру подтверждения сведений о наиболее опасных уязвимостях с последующей оценкой рисков для подтверждённых уязвимостей. В статье также приводятся результаты реализации предлагаемой технологии в виде средства сбора и интерактивного анализа сообщений о ошибках в ПО с открытым исходным кодом, размещаемым на платформах для совместной разработки GitHub и GitLab. Технология выявления сведений об уязвимостях сторонних компонентов позволяет повысить защищённость ПО, использующего в своём составе общедоступные компоненты с открытым исходным кодом.

The article presents the results of the development the technology of detection information about vulnerability in third-party open source software, which allows timely detection of security problems associated with the use of borrowed components provided with open source code. The technology is characterized by procedures for rapid detection, ranking, and confirmation of the authenticity sources of primary reports about such problems. The technology is based on collecting and mining information about bugs, vulnerabilities and exploits contained in messages that published in sources of open source software developers. The technology includes a procedure for confirming information about the most dangerous vulnerabilities, followed by a risk assessment for confirmed vulnerabilities. The article also presents the results of implementing the proposed technology as a tool for collecting and interactively analyzing bug messages in open source software hosted on the GitHub and GitLab collaborative version control platforms. The technology for detecting information about vulnerabilities of third-party components allows you to increase the security of software that uses publicly available open source components.
THE PRACTICE OF IMPLEMENTING A CORPORATE INFORMATION SYSTEM (CIS) IN A SECURE EXECUTION BASED ON BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Филяк Петр Юрьевич , Постников Максим Константинович , Федоров Семен Евгеньевич , Остапенко Александр Григорьевич , Белецкая Светлана Юрьевна
Published: March 2021

В статье рассматривается практическая реализация варианта корпоративной информационной системы в защищенном исполнении (КИС в ЗИ/КИС ЗИ) на основе использования технологии блочейн (blockchain) вместе с «десктопным» (Desk Top) и соответствующими интерфейсами пользователя. Технологии Block Chain являются очень перспективными не только при применении их в традиционных сферах - производстве, сервисе, на транспорте, но и для решения проблем безопасности, в частности, информационной, что наглядно продемонстрировано опытом успешного применения криптовалют на протяжении последних десятилетий. Актуальность использования технологий Block Chain для создания корпоративной информационной системы в защищенном исполнении - отдельная тема, являющаяся «предтечи» непосредственной реализации на практике данной задачи.

In this article are discussed the practical implementation of a version of a corporate information system in a secure execution (CIS in ZI/CIS ZI) based on the use of blockchain technology together with the "desktop" (Desk Top) and the corresponding user interfaces. Block Chain technologies are very promising not only when applying them in traditional spheres - manufacturing, service, transport, but also to solve security and information problems, in particular, which is clearly demonstrated by the experience of successful use of cryptocurrencies for decades. The relevance of the use of Block technologies to create a corporate information system in a secure execution (KIS in THE SI/KIS SI) is a separate topic, which is the "forerunner" of the direct implementation of this task in practice.
MODEMS OF TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS OF COMMUNICATION AND MANAGEMENT: PROTECTION AGAINST UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS TO THE EXECUTIVE PROGRAM
Authors: Гречишкин Александр Владимирович , Рахманин Дмитрий Николаевич , Пустовалов Владислав Юрьевич , Макаров Олег Юрьевич , Баранников Николай Иванович , Юрасов Владислав Георгиевич , Громов Юрий Юрьевич , Белецкая Светлана Юрьевна
Published: March 2021

В работе рассматривается проблема защиты от несанкционированного доступа к исполнительной программе модемов телекоммуникационных сетей связи и управления, а также предлагается порядок реализации программного средства защиты. Проводится анализ уязвимостей и угроз, характерных телекоммуникационным устройствам, спроектированным на базе микроконтроллеров общего назначения, а также рассматриваются возможности противодействия наиболее актуальным видам атак. Анализируются варианты применения криптографических примитивов для реализации средства защиты от несанкционированного доступа к исполнительной программе модемов телекоммуникационных сетей связи и управления и предлагается подробный алгоритм реализации программного средства защиты.

The paper deals with the problem of protecting the Executive program of modems of telecommunication networks and management from unauthorized access, as well as the procedure for implementing the software protection of the Executive program. The analysis of attacks to which telecommunication devices based on microcontrollers are subject is carried out, and the possibilities of counteraction are considered. The article analyzes the use of cryptographic primitives in the implementation of the software tool for protecting the modem Executive program from unauthorized access and provides a detailed algorithm for its implementation with all the main elements and functional connections.
«INFODEMIA» AND SOCIAL NETWORKS: THE ACTUAL OBJECTS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
Authors: Остапенко Александр Григорьевич , Сорокин Руслан Валентинович , Лихобабин Сергей Викторович , Ткаченко Артём Олегович , Бартенев Андрей Николаевич , Пастернак Юрий Геннадьевич , Калашников Андрей Олегович , Громов Юрий Юрьевич
Published: March 2021

В данной статье затрагивается тема мировой инфодемии в контексте информационного влияния и давления на общественность, во многом образованную пользователями Интернет-пространства. В работе ведется рассуждение об актуальности исследования социальных Интернет-сайтов и процессов распространения в них потенциально опасных контентов. Описаны общие характеристики целеполагания исследований в различных областях таких как: суверенизация информационного пространства, анонимности и ответственности интернет-пользователей, контроля трафика, инфодемии, применения систем искусственного интеллекта в Интернет-пространстве.

This article touches upon the topic of the global epidemic in the context of informational influence and pressure on the public, who are directly users of the Internet space. The paper discusses the interest in researching social Internet sites and the processes of distributing potentially dangerous content therein. The general characteristics of the goal-setting of research in various fields are described, such as the sovereignization of the information space, the anonymity and responsibility of Internet users, traffic control, infodemics, the use of artificial intelligence systems in the Internet space.
PARLAQ RƏNGLƏRIN ECAZKAR SIRRI – GƏNC RƏSSAM XANLAR ƏSƏDULLAYEVIN YARADICILIĞI
Authors:   Azərbaycan Dövlət Rəssamlıq Akademiyası, Aziz Sarbazova Aygun
Published: March 2021

Key words: Khanlar Asadullayev, impressionism, flowers, landscape, colors, impression
Six ways to get a grip on your first health education leadership role
Authors: Stasiuk Samantha , Scott Ian
Published: March 2021

Entering into health education leadership with clear intentions can help guide a new career.  While being asked, or simply considering, an educational leadership position, is exciting, it is important to consider your motivation for this position, how this position will mesh with your life and what you want to achieve in this position.  In addition, it is important to look to mentors for advice and consider other avenues of professional development.  Our six tips provide insight into the consideration, negotiation and selection of a health education leadership career that can yield numerous rewards both personally and professionally.
Sensitivity and Specificity of Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) and Pulse Wave Handheld Doppler (PWHD) Compared with Angiography as Diagnostic Test for Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
Authors: Thomas Valdy , Tjandra Djony , Sumangkut Richard , Karundeng Billy , Korompis Grace
Published: March 2021

Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a clinical condition that occurs due to atherosclerosis and narrowing of the arteries involving the aorta, branches of the visceral arteries such as the iliac arteries, and the arteries of the distal extremities. The femoropopliteal artery is the most commonly involved site in patients with atherosclerotic PAD. Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) determination may have limited value in some patients with diabetes, because calcification of the tibial artery can render it uncompressible, resulting in a very high ABI value (>1.40). Handheld vascular Doppler with pulse volume waveform interpretation (PVW) is an easily available and non-invasive modality for evaluation of the inferior extremity arteries and can detect the severity of blood flow disturbances or ongoing PAD. The best diagnostic method for PAD is angiography using digital substraction angiography (DSA) to assess existing atherosclerotic lesions. The advantages of ABI and PWHD examinations are in terms of simplicity, ease of use, and non-invasiveness instead of angiography in PAD diagnosis led the investigators to compare the sensitivity and specificity values between ABI and PWHD with angiography as a diagnostic test for PAD patients.

Methods: This study used a cross-sectional diagnostic test design with the subjects were patients diagnosed with PAD, both outpatients and inpatients at Prof. DR. R.D Kandou Manado. ABI, PWHD and angiography examination were performed on all study subjects.

Results: The data show that ABI has a sensitivity of 95.2% and a specificity of 80% in diagnosing PAD patients when compared to angiography as the standard of diagnosis of PAD. PWHD compared to angiography has a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 100%. When ABI and PWHD are combined, it has a sensitivity of 100% with a specificity of 80%. The sensitivity and specificity of PWHD compared to angiography based on angiographic location in popliteal artery has a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 92.6%. PWHD compared with angiography on posterior tibial artery (PTA) has a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 88.9%. ABI compared with angiography on dorsalis pedis artery has a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 71.4%, with p <0.0001.

Conclusion: The high sensitivity and specificity of ABI and PWHD can be used as a diagnostic test tool for PAD patients by general practitioners in first level health facilities.
Comparison Between Wells’ Criteria and Khorana Score in Detecting Asymptomatic Deep Vein Thrombosis in Colorectal Cancer Patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital
Authors: Djajakusumah Teguh Marfen , Hapsari Putie , Situmorang Daniel Marthin , Ulurrosyad Muhammad Faiz
Published: March 2021

Background: Deep vein thrombosis is a blood clot that occurs in the deep veins. Fifty percent of patients with deep vein thrombosis do not show clinical symptoms. The incidence of deep vein thrombosis in colorectal cancer patients is higher than in other cancer patients. Several scoring system models, such as Wells’ criteria and Khorana score, were developed to help diagnose deep vein thrombosis .

Methods: This study was a prospective observational analytic with cross sectional design that compared the Khorana score with Wells’ criteria in predicting the occurrrence of asymptomatic deep vein thrombosis in colorectal cancer patients. Comparisons were made using Chi Square analytical test and diagnostic tests.

Results: A total of 63 patients were obtained. Using Wells’ criteria, 55 patients (87.3%) fell into the mild risk category, 8 patients (12.7%) in the moderate risk category and no patients in the high risk category. Using Khorana score, 35 patients (55.6%) fell into the mild risk category, 28 (44.4%) patients in the moderate risk category, and no high risk category patients were found. There were 14 patients (22.2%) with asymptomatic deep vein thrombosis and 49 patients (77.8%) without deep vein thrombosis. Comparison of the proportion of Wells’ criteria with asymptomatic patients has a p-value of 0.48, while Khorana score with asymptomatic patients has a p-value of 0.001.

Conclusion: Khorana score is better than Wells’ criteria in detecting asymptomatic deep vein thrombosis in colorectal cancer patients.
Screening Recommendations for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Disease and Role of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Evaluation: A Literature Review
Authors: Pratama Dedy , Rahmaditya Fajar Satria
Published: March 2021

Background: Asymptomatic carotid artery disease should be treated as soon as possible before the atherosclerotic disease progressed into ischaemic stroke. Diagnostic screening by measuring intima-media thickness (IMT) of carotid artery using ultrasound is one possible way to evaluate earlier the progression compared to standard stenosis evaluation. Not only the necessity of carotid screening is still questioned by some experts, current guidelines also show conflicting results in certainty whether we should perform the carotid screening or not. It is necessary to conduct a literature review of relevant recommendations from the latest clinical practice guidelines (CPGs).

Method: The CPGs on the management of asymptomatic carotid artery disease published before October 2020 were retrieved from online databases and the rigor of guideline development assesed by using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II (AGREE-II) instrument. The quality of CPGs was assessed and categorized, and their reported evidences were also evaluated.

Results: Six eligible CPGs were included. Five of the CPGs recommends carotid screening for highly selective patient who has morbidity regarding atherosclerotic disease manifested in other organs. One CPG against the screening as further treatment considered cause more harms, although the recommendations mainly based on hypothetical outcomes and the CPG itself categorized into moderate quality.

Conclusion: Our critical review on those CPGs showed that screening for asymptomatic carotid artery disease should be performed for specific high-risk populations of atherosclerotic disease. Although IMT evaluation could be a promising technique, current guidelines didn’t show any recommendation regarding the usage comparing standard ultrasound evaluation.
Golding’s Narrowed Attempts at Defining Human Nature in Lord of the Flies
Authors: Rabia Khan  , Sajjad Ahmad  , Ali Ammar
Published: March 2021

This paper is an attempt to prove the assumption that William Golding is a failure who claims to have written his novel Lord of the Flies on the idea of human nature. He considers that he wrote about human nature in general, but he is a Western and has those ideas of being superior to other people. He takes all his characters from among the English boys. Not a single character who is shown as civilized belongs to a marginalized race. This act of Golding reveals his ethnocentric attitude. He does not bother to include a female character in this novel. All his characters are male. It shows his androcentric nature. Though he tries to put the evil like every man whenever he wants to show the brutality or savagery of a human, in the form of his chosen English boys, he portrays them as the hunters of Africa or paints them with mud. In doing so, he is affiliating savagery with the blacks and Indians. Thus, he propagates the same stereotypical concept of “Orients” as uncivilized and savages. Golding relies solely on the biological factors of human nature. He ignores to consider any social problem for the conflict of the two groups of boys. These social factors may include political system, religion, or Marxism. This research work has proved that Golding’s self-critique of human nature in the novel is a failure on his part.
Structure and Composition of Board’s Committees: Analysis of Pakistan International Airlines Corporation Limited
Authors: Khalid Hussain Abbasi  , Ashfaque Ali Banbhan  , Najia Shaikh
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to explore the composition of BODs committees in PIACL. Secondary data from Annual Reports, Act, Rules and Regulations of the corporation in general and SECP recommendations i.e., the codes of CG in particular were collected. Data were analyzed in MS-Office 2016 version using MS-Excel and MS-Word. Obtained results are, the BODs can exercise their powers to form the board’s various committees, but at the same time BODs must execute their responsibilities focusing on objectives of the corporation and larger interest of stockholders in good faith and judgment, especially executing authority for the establishment of AC. BODs must confirm that none of the member's interests conflicts with the objectives of the committee. The Principal Finance Officer (CFO), inside audit officials, and officers like the chief cooperating officer (CEO) do not represent AC. However, one member of the committee must hold ample knowledge related to finance, but this does not mean that a member of the board who is linked either with financial matters or audit operations is appointed on the committee. Results further indicated that in PIACL different committees of BODs have been formed where a director in the finance committee is also appointed as member or chairman in AC in contrast to SECP codes. Similarly, various BODs have been made part of the AC, HR, IT, Procurement, Marketing (Brand and advertisement) committee. Whereas, practically it is very uncommon that an individual possesses expertise in IT, HR, Marketing, and Finance fields simultaneously as these are diverse fields, how come a person can be an expert of all disciplines at the same time? Hence, the appointment of directors in multiple committees at the same time raises a lot of questions about the independent working or decision-making of such committees.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF N-MYC GENE AMPLIFICATION IN PATIENTS WITH NEUROBLASTOMA
Authors: Bahram Zhumadullaev Bahram Zhumadullaev , Zhazira Saduova Zhazira Saduova , Aigerim Uskenbayeva Aigerim Uskenbayeva , Gauhar Nurzhanova Gauhar Nurzhanova , Dinara Yeginbergenova Dinara Yeginbergenova , Aru Nazarova Aru Nazarova
Published: March 2021

This work presents the results of studying the prognostic value of the N-MYC gene amplification in patients with neuroblastoma treated according to the European protocol NB-2004. A retrospective analysis of 140 patients who were diagnosed with neuroblastoma from 2013-2019 was carried out at the SCP and PS. When collecting data from 140 patients with neuroblastoma, amplification of the N-MYC gene was found in 26 patients, of which 19 patients died (73%), 7 patients are alive (survival rate -27%). Amplification of the NMYC gene occurred with the same frequency in boys and girls, 50% in each group. In children under one year old, there were 6 children (23.1%), 1-2 years old 12 patients (46.2%), 2-5 years old 5 children (19.2%), over 5 years old 3 patients (11.5%). In 13 (50%) children, the primary tumor was localized in the adrenal glands, in 11 (42%) - in the retroperitoneal space and in 2 (7.7%) in the mediastinum. In 21 (80.8%) patients with amplification of the N-MYC gene, the disease was diagnosed at stage IV, in 2 cases (7.7%) with stage IVs, and 1 (3.8%) case at I, II, III stage of the disease. Thus, patients with N-MYC gene amplification were more often detected at stage IV of the disease and had an unfavorable outcome.The fact of the negative impact of amplification of the N-MYC gene is confirmed in our study. The therapeutic protocol is ineffective in the presence of N-MYC gene amplification (survival - 27%).
Keywords: Neuroblastoma, NMYC gene amplification, prognosis, children.
НЕКОТОРЫЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ УЧЕНЫХ МГУ И РАН ПО ВОПРОСАМ НАКОПЛЕНИЯ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ В ОРГАНИЗМАХ
Authors: Сергей Остроумов Сергей Остроумов , Сергей Котелевцев Сергей Котелевцев , Евгений Криксунов Евгений Криксунов
Published: March 2021

В данной статье суммированы некоторые результаты исследований ученых МГУ и Российской академии наук, которые изучали накопление химических элементов организмами (на примере некоторых биологических видов). Обобщение результатов проводится в связи с представлениями В.И. Вернадского о биосфере. Учитываются современные проблемы загрязнения окружающей среды. Среди тех химических элементов, данные о которых получены в рассмотренных в статье работах - тяжелые металлы и некоторые другие элементы.
Ключевые слова: биосфера, химическая экология, биогеохимия, геохимия, химические элементы, миграция элементов в биосфере, накопление, биоаккумуляция, металлы, биомасса, растения, животные
PEROVSKITE PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERTERS WITHOUT HOLE-CONDUCTING BUFFER LAYERS
Authors: Kinev V.A. , Dmitrieva A.D. , Gladyshev P.P.
Published: March 2021

The review article is devoted to research in the field of the formation of photoelectric converters based on organic-inorganic perovskites without hole-conducting buffer layers using carbon materials as the back contact.
RASPBERRY PI 3 BASE SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE SYSTEM FOR RADIATION HARDENING TESTING OF ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
Authors: Golunov A.O. , Gorbunov N.V.
Published: March 2021

To study the radiation resistance of a electronic components, various sources of ionizing radiation are used, with the use of which the components of the systems under study are subjected to prolonged exposure to fluxes of high-energy particles. The study of radiation resistance requires the creation of specialized research complexes. Such systems are designed to select elements that do not meet the radiation resistance criteria for specific tasks at the design stage of the equipment.A system for testing radiation hardening of electronic components based on the raspberry Pi 3 microcomputer has been developed.
DETERMINATION OF SPATIAL ATTENUATION OF NORMAL WAVES IN A SHALLOW SEA
Authors: Makhnev U.V. , Piskunova O.I. , Trofimov A.T.
Published: March 2021

This article discusses the possibility of estimating the spatial attenuation coefficient in the low-frequency region (<100 Hz) for individual normal waves and for the integral sound field created by a moving ship. A pulse method was used to resolve and obtain dispersion curves of normal waves. Estimates of the attenuation coefficient were obtained, and the possibility of determining the attenuation coefficient from noise signals of navigation was investigated.
Universal History as a Way of Life
Authors:   Dubna State University, Bagdasaryan N.G.
Published: March 2021

We consider the legacy of A.P. Nazaretyan, a thinker of an extremely wide range, one of the developers of the international research project of Universal History (in English-speaking countries Big History, in Spanish-speaking countries Megahistoria, in German-speaking countries Weltallgeschichte), post-disciplinary, or problem knowledge, representing Russia in it. He has made many efforts to introduce the concept into university education, in particular, reading a course at Dubna University. His chapter in the textbook for undergraduate and graduate students "History, Philosophy and Methodology of Science and Technology" on the evolution of types of worldview is discussed in detail.
Penggunaan Daun Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta) dengan Pengolahan Berbeda terhadap Blood Urea Nitrogen Kambing Peranakan Etawa Jantan
Authors:   Program studi Peternakan Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Tulang Bawang Lampung, Winda Artanti Okni , Andriani Silvia
Published: March 2021

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of fresh, dried or silage cassava leaf to the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of male Etawa Crossbreed (EC) goats. Twelve EC goats (grouping based on body weight with a weight range K1: 19-20 kg; K2: 20-21 kg; K3: 21-22 kg; K4: 22 kg) were allocated in housed individually throughout 90-day trial duration (14 days for animal's adaptation to the experimental diets and 7 days of faeces collection). Experimental design was randomized complete block design consisted of 3 treatments and 4 replications: concentrate + fresh cassava leaf (P0); concentrate + dried cassava leaf (P1); and concentrate + silage cassava leaf (P2). Concentrat was given at level of 50% (3% BW) and forage was given ad libitum respectively for each treatments. Variables observed were crude fiber intake, crude fiber digestibility, crude protein digestibility and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), if there were significant effect of treatments were continued using duncan multiple range test. The results of this experiment showed that the processing of cassava leaves increased on crude fiber intake, crude fiber and crude protein digestibibility, but did not effect on blood urea nitrogen (BUN). In conclusion, processing of cassava leaves improved the consumption, digestibility but did not effect on blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of EC goats. Keywords: Blood Urea Nitrogen, Cassava Leaf, Male Etawa Crossbreed Goat
Peningkatan Kualitas Ampas Kelapa melalui Fermentasi dengan Suplemen Organik Cair sebagai Pakan Ayam Kampung
Authors:   Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Manokwari, Jl. SPMA Reremi Kotak Pos 143 Kelurahan Manokwari Barat, Manokwari-Papua Barat 98312, Sudarmi Nurtania , Aswandi Aswandi , Mofu Bersemina
Published: March 2021

Agricultural people are responsible for providing food, such as meat, eggs and milk. In providing meat, especially chicken, the cost of feed becomes an obstacle for breeders. The local wisdom of plants in Papua is an opportunity to create quality local feed. Utilization of dregs can be used as an alternative ration. The low nutrient content contained in coconut dregs requires a touch of technology to optimize coconut dregs into quality feed. The fermentation process can be a solution to these problems. The experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and 6 replications. R0 = 100% Basal Feed (BF); R1 = BF 80% + Fermented Coconut Dregs 20%; R2 = BF 60% + Fermented Coconut Dregs 40%. The implementation stages consisted of (1) coconut dregs fermentation stage and (2) In-Vivo test on native chickens with the observed variables: feed consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion. The results showed that fermented coconut dregs could be given as starter phase native chicken feed without disturbing the metabolic process. The average provision of coconut dregs as native chicken feed with variable feed consumption, average daily gain (ADG), and FCR had no significant effect (P> 0.05). This means that the addition of fermented coconut dregs up to 40% has not had a significant effect on ration consumption, ADG, and FCR, so further studies are needed. Keywords: Chicken, Coconut Dregs, Consumption, ADG, FCR