bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Workload and Recovery on Injuries in Elite Male Volleyball Players
Authors: Timoteo Thiago Ferreira , Debien Paula Barreiros , Miloski Bernardo , Werneck Francisco Zacaron , Gabbett Tim , Bara Filho Maurício Gattás
Published: August 2018

Timoteo, TF, Debien, PB, Miloski, B, Werneck, FZ, Gabbett, T, and Filho, MGb. Influence of workload and recovery on injuries in elite male volleyball players. J Strength Cond Res 35(3): 791–796, 2021—The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of workload and recovery on injury rates in elite male volleyball players. Data were collected from 14 male professional volleyball players over a 27-week season. Workloads were monitored daily using the session rating of perceived exertion, and recovery status was appraised using the Total Quality Recovery (TQR) scale. The players were exposed to 4,573.31 hours (h) of training and games with an overall injury incidence of 13.99 per 1,000 hours. Overuse accounted for 83% (11.58 injuries/1,000 hours) and trauma accounted for 17% (2.40 injuries per 1,000 hours) of all injuries. There was a higher incidence of injuries (p = 0.003), higher weekly workload (p = 0.008), and acute:chronic workload ratio (ACWR) (p < 0.001) in the pre-season compared with the competitive period. Healthy players had lower ACWR (p = 0.002) compared with the injured players. The TQR was higher for the healthy group compared with the injured group (p < 0.001). The greater odds of injury was related to higher ACWR (risk factor) (p = 0.014) and lower TQR values (p = 0.004) (protection factor). Athlete's workloads and the state of recovery may be related to injuries in volleyball. The results presented in this study emphasize the importance of controlling these variables in professional volleyball teams to prevent injuries.
Monitoring Age-Group Swimmers Over a Training Macrocycle: Energetics, Technique, and Anthropometrics
Authors: Zacca Rodrigo , Azevedo Rui , Chainok Phornpot , Vilas-Boas João Paulo , Castro Flávio A. de S. , Pyne David B. , Fernandes Ricardo J.
Published: August 2018

Zacca, R, Azevedo, R, Chainok, P, Vilas-Boas, JP, Castro, FAdS, Pyne, DB, and Fernandes, RJ. Monitoring age-group swimmers over a training macrocycle: energetics, technique, and anthropometrics. J Strength Cond Res 34(3): 818–827, 2020—The aim of this study was to quantify changes and contributions of energetic, technique, and anthropometric profiles across the first training macrocycle (16-week) in a traditional 3-peak swimming season. Twenty-four age-group swimmers (10 boys and 14 girls age 14.4 ± 0.9 years) of equal maturational stage were monitored through a 400-m test in front crawl (T400). Energetic, technique, and anthropometric characteristics were compared before (experimental testing 1, E1) and after the preparatory (E2), specific (E3), and competitive (E4) training periods. Sex interaction was not significant for any variable. Multiple linear regressions and principal component analysis were used to identify the most influential variables and the relative contribution of each domain (energetics, technique, and anthropometrics) to changes in swimming performance of T400. The relative contributions for performance of T400 at E1, E2, E3, and E4 were 15, 12, 6, and 13% for energetics, 78, 85, 75, and 70% for technique, and 7, 3, 19 and 17% for anthropometrics, respectively. Technique played the main role during the first 16-week macrocycle in a competitive season, regardless of small fluctuations in the influence of energetics and anthropometrics. Changes and influence of energetics, technique, and anthropometric on age-group swimmers' performance could be described by the T400 swimming test, providing a comprehensive biophysical overview of the main contributors to swimming performance.
Property Mix Heterogeneity and Market Cycles: How Much Can We Rely on Median-Price Indices?
Authors: Costa Odilon Ricardo da Hora Gonçalves Fernandes , Cazassa Eduardo
Published: August 2018

Objective. Understand in which types of location median-price indices could provide reasonable estimates of rent growth. As far as our research allows, the market-based measures developed througout this study are the first to emphasize office properties in Brazil using an hedonic framework.Methodology. Create appraisal-based indices of rent growth using median-price and hedonic-based techniques for two regions with different degrees of property mix heterogeneity and compare their behavior overtime.Findings. Volatility in median-price measures is larger than hedonic-based measures in market peaks and throughs due to different weighting of high and low-tier properties overtime. This result is stronger in the location with higher property mix heterogeneity and, consequently, exacerbates market cycles in this region.  Limitations. We do not find statistically significant differences between the measures considered. Nevertheless, we do not consider whether this similarity would hold when using transactional-based data.    Value. Our results suggest that researchers, policy makers and investors need to take into account the “undesired fluctuation” of median-price measures when interpreting such indices.
Short-Term and Long-Term Behavior of EPS Geofoam
Authors: Gade Vinil Kumar , Dasaka S. M.
Published: August 2018

Expanded Polystyrene Styrofoam (EPS) geofoam is widely used in various civil engineering applications. To predict the responses of structures to external loading, when in the presence of geofoam, understanding physical and mechanical behavior of geofoam, both short and long term, is very essential. A series of laboratory experiments was conducted on EPS15, EPS20, and EPS25 geofoam specimens under different loading conditions. To understand the short-term behavior, static uniaxial compression and cyclic uniaxial compression (CUC) tests were performed; however, for long-term behavior, accelerated creep and pseudo long-term tests were conducted on geofoam samples. CUC tests were performed at different static and cyclic stress amplitudes and loading frequencies for 5,000 load cycles, and the results reveal that, irrespective of geofoam density, secant modulus (Edyn) decreases and the damping ratio of geofoam increases with the increase in cyclic axial strain. Also, it was observed that an increase in cyclic axial strain and the number of loading cycles reduced the Poisson’s ratio of geofoam from positive to negative values. From the time-temperature-stress superposition accelerated creep testing method, creep strains developed in EPS15, EPS20, and EPS25 geofoam samples at the end of 100 years were 2.12, 2.4, and 2.11 %, respectively. From pseudo long-term tests, the estimated Young’s modulus (E) of geofoam decreases with the increase in compressive creep strain for all three densities of geofoam.
Effect of Test Geometry and Aggregate Texture on Angle of Repose of Aggregates
Authors: Swamy Aravind Krishna , Matolia Varun , Singh Parminder , Ramana Gunturi Venkata
Published: August 2018

Properties of asphalt concrete mixtures are significantly affected by aggregate properties. Previous studies have indicated that Angle of Repose (AoR) is an indicator of aggregate properties, including texture, angularity, and shape. In this research, the effect of test geometry and aggregate texture on the AoR of aggregate is evaluated. Aggregates from two different sources were synthetically processed in a laboratory to obtain particles with different textures while retaining other characteristics. The AoR of single-sized aggregates was measured with different test geometries. The test results indicate that measured AoR was sensitive to aggregate texture and test geometry. The relation between aggregate size and AoR exhibited a positive correlation. The direct shear strength test parameters were able to capture the changes in aggregate texture and AoR. The angle of internal friction showed a positive and linear variation with AoR, irrespective of test geometry. However, exact slope was specific to aggregate type and texture level.
Diagnosis of Photovoltaic (PV) Panel Defects Based on Testing and Evaluation of Thermal Image
Authors: Uma J. , Muniraj C. , Sathya N.
Published: August 2018

Photovoltaic (PV) solar energy can only be economical if the PV module operates reliably for 25–30 years under field conditions. The PV module and it overall reliability can be radically affected by faults during the manufacturing process, in real field conditions, transportation, and installation. So, there is a need for diagnosing defects in PV modules to improve their reliability. Operating temperature plays the key role for improving the efficiency of PV panels. The temperature within the PV cell unevenly increases because of such defects in the cell. As such, it is very important to monitor the temperature and temperature distribution in PV panels in order to locate such defects. Infrared thermography (IRT) plays a major role in predictive and preventive maintenance of PV panels and can determine the severity of the problem. This article investigates the delamination, snail trails, and bubbled faults of PV panels using digital thermal image analysis and their feature extraction. Real time experiments were conducted, and the test results are presented in this article. Thermal images of panels are captured using a (FLIR) T420bx® thermal imager. The thermal images of panels are analyzed by segmenting the image using the k-means clustering algorithm. Histogram statistical features such as mean, standard deviation, variance, entropy, skew, and kurtosis are extracted from the segmented thermal image. Based on these features, the defects in PV panels are identified with reasonable accuracy.
A Note on Determination of the Preconsolidation Pressure
Authors: Soltani Amin , Taheri Abbas , Deng An , Azimi Mahdieh
Published: August 2018

The preconsolidation pressure, σ′y, is commonly interpreted by means of empirical observations (or graphical constructions) with respect to e–logσ′ stress patterns (e = void ratio, and σ′ = effective stress) exhibited in the conventional oedometer test. As with any empirical/graphical procedure, the resulting estimations are associated with subjective variability and thus yield inconsistent results among individuals. Recently, the mathematical translational technique was implemented by the authors, thereby promoting a subjective-free computational framework, denoted as the 3PRH framework, for interpretation of σ′y with respect to four common graphical constructions (i.e., three semi-log and one bi-log construction), covering a variety of geometrical complexity. In this article, the 3PRH framework was first revisited in a more practical sense. The framework was then implemented to a compiled database of 34 consolidation tests to arrive at reliable correlations/comparisons between the four graphical constructions. Finally, the settlement dependency on σ′y (or type of graphical construction) was statistically examined to recommend measures for reliable settlement analyses.
The effect of subacute lead exposure on selected blood inflammatory biomarkers and angiogenetic factors
Authors: Machoń-Grecka Anna , Dobrakowski Michał , Kasperczyk Aleksandra , Birkner Ewa , Pryzwan Tomasz , Kasperczyk Sławomir
Published: August 2018

Objectives

The aim of the study was to examine blood levels of selected pro-inflammatory cytokines, C reactive protein (CRP), and selected factors that influence angiogenesis in workers exposed to lead for a short period of time.

Methods

The study population consisted of 36 male workers (mean age 41 ± 14 years) exposed to lead for 40 days.

Results

The mean blood lead level (BLL) was 10.7 ± 7.67 μg/dl at the beginning of the study, and increased to 49.1 ± 14.1 μg/dl at the end of the study period. The levels of macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α (MIP-1α) were significantly higher after the studied exposure to lead compared to the baseline by 71%. Similarly, the values of CRP increased by 35%. Conversely, the values of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1) and fibroblast growth factor-basic (FGF-basic) decreased by 14% and 21%, respectively. After the examined period of lead exposure, analysis of correlations showed positive correlations between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and the levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) (R = 0.39), interleukin 6 (IL-6) (R = 0.42), and MIP-1α (R = 0.54). Positive correlations were identified between MIP-1α and FGF-basic (R = 0.38), soluble angiopoietin receptor (sTie-2) (R = 0.41), and sVEGFR-1 (R = 0.47).

Discussion

Short-term exposure to lead induces the inflammatory response; however, these mechanisms seem to be different from those observed in chronic lead exposure. Subacute exposure to lead may dysregulate angiogenesis via modifications in the levels of angiogenic factors.
The Japanese Workplace PERMA-Profiler: A validation study among Japanese workers
Authors: Watanabe Kazuhiro , Kawakami Norito , Shiotani Toru , Adachi Hidehiko , Matsumoto Kaori , Imamura Kotaro , Matsumoto Kei , Yamagami Fumino , Fusejima Ayumi , Muraoka Tomoko , Kagami Tomomitsu , Shimazu Akihito , Kern Margaret L
Published: August 2018

Objectives

Although well-being at work is important for occupational health, multi-dimensional workplace well-being measures do not exist for Japanese workers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity of the Japanese version of the Workplace PERMA-Profiler.

Methods

Japanese workers completed online surveys at baseline (N = 310) and 1 month later (N = 100). The Workplace PERMA-Profiler was translated according to international guidelines. Job and life satisfaction, work engagement, psychological distress, work-related psychosocial factors, and work performance were measured as comparisons for convergent validity. Cronbach’s alphas, Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICCs), and measurement errors were calculated for the reliability, and the validity of the measure was tested by correlational analyses and confirmatory factor analysis.

Results

A total of 310 (baseline) and 86 (follow-up) workers responded and were included in the analyses. Cronbach’s alphas and ICCs of the Japanese Workplace PERMA-Profiler ranged from 0.75 to 0.96. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the 5-factor model demonstrated a marginally acceptable fit (χ2 (80) = 351.30, CFI = 0.892, TLI = 0.858, RMSEA = 0.105, SRMR = 0.051). Overall well-being and the five PERMA domains had moderate-to-strong correlations with job satisfaction, psychological distress (inversely), and work-related factors.

Conclusions

The Japanese version of the Workplace PERMA-Profiler demonstrated adequate reliability and validity. This measure could be useful to assess well-being at work, promote well-being research among Japanese workers, and address the problem of definition for well-being in further studies.
Day-to-day variations in daily rest periods between working days and recovery from fatigue among information technology workers: One-month observational study using a fatigue app
Authors: Kubo Tomohide , Izawa Shuhei , Tsuchiya Masao , Ikeda Hiroki , Miki Keiichi , Takahashi Masaya
Published: August 2018

Background

The European Union’s Working Time Directive stipulates recovery periods as “Eleven consecutive hour daily rest periods (DRPs) between working days.” In Japan, adopting this regulation has been discussed.

Objective

To examine the association between weekday DRPs and recovery from fatigue by conducting a one-month observational study using a fatigue monitoring application (fatigue app) on a smart tablet.

Methods

Fifty-five daytime employees working at an information technology company participated in this study. Visual analogue scales (VAS) regarding fatigue, psychological detachment from work, a psychomotor vigilance task (PVT), and sleep-wake logs were repeatedly measured using a fatigue app that we developed for this study. Sleep was measured by a wrist actigraph.

Results

The average and SD of weekday DRPs was 13.1 ± 2.3 h. However, 54.5% of employees experienced less than the minimum 11-hour DRP at least once a month. Sleep duration was significantly changed with weekday DRPs, though no significant difference was found in sleep efficiency. Linear mixed effects models showed that sleep duration increased by approximately 15 minutes for each hour of weekday DRPs (β = 0.24, 95% CI; 0.17, 0.32, p <.001). VAS-measured fatigue and psychological detachment from work significantly improved as DRPs increased (β = −3.4, 95% CI; −4.7, −2.1, p <.001; β = 2.6, 95% CI; 1.2, 4.0, p <.001, respectively). However, PVT performance did not significantly change with weekday DRPs.

Conclusions

Ensuring weekday DRPs plays an essential role in protecting the opportunities to sleep, with better recovery from fatigue and stress among information technology workers.
Relación entre la violencia contra la mujer y el índice de masa corporal: revisión integradora
Authors: Caudillo Ortega Lucía , Valdez Montero Carolina , Flores Arias Maria Luisa , Ahumada Cortez Jesica Guadalupe , Gámez Medina Mario Enrique , Ramos Frausto Víctor Manuel
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: el propósito de esta revisión es conocer la evidencia científica existente de la relación entre la violencia contra la mujer (VCM) y su índice de masa corporal (IMC) (alto y bajo).Síntesis del contenido: se realizó una revisión integradora de las publicaciones científicas que abordaran y relacionaran la VCM y el IMC en diferentes bases de datos. Se consideraron los siete pasos de Cooper. Se analizaron por título, año de publicación, autores y fuente; finalmente, se estudiaron los aspectos metodológicos. Se identificaron 85 artículos y se excluyeron 67 por no cumplir con los criterios de inclusión. De los artículos incluidos en la revisión, 5 reportaron correlación positiva y significativa entre la VCM con el índice de masa corporal alto (sobrepeso/obesidad). Asimismo, 6 de los artículos refieren una relación positiva entre la VCM y el IMC bajo; es decir, a mayor violencia, se reporta un IMC alto. Pero, también, 1 reporta una relación negativa y significativa; es decir, a menor violencia, menor el IMC de las mujeres.Conclusión: los resultados encontrados muestran la existencia escasa literatura científica que aborde la temática de la VCM y el IMC. Algunos estudios muestran la relación entre la VCM y el IMC alto y bajo. Los resultados no son concluyentes, por lo que se requiere generar líneas de acción y atención a las mujeres receptoras de los diferentes tipos de violencia.
Parâmetros utilizados na avaliação de bem-estar do bebê no nascimento
Authors: Schardosim Juliana Machado , Rodrigues Nayara Lauane De Araújo , Rattner Daphne
Published: August 2018

Objectivo: identificar parâmetros que se utilizan para evaluar el bienestar del recién nacido.Síntesis del contenido: revisión integrativa de la literatura, realizada en las bases PubMed y Biblioteca Virtual de Salud (bvs), que utilizó los descriptores “apgar score”, “neonatal outcomes”, “fetal vitality” y “health services evaluation”. El recorte temporal fue de enero del 2011 a diciembre del 2016. Se importaron los resúmenes para el software Endnote Web®, para la remoción de duplicados y los remanentes exportados para el software Covidence®, lo que permitió la selección de la muestra final por dos investigadoras, de forma independiente. La muestra final incluyó 17 estudios. Los parámetros más utilizados fueron admisión del neonato en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos en las primeras 24 a 48 horas de vida y el índice de Apgar, pero hubo variaciones en la mensuración de esos parámetros entre los estudios. Otros parámetros fueron: peso al nacer, temperatura corporal, natimortalidad y mortalidad neonatal. El Apgar, a pesar de utilizado mundialmente, posibilita subjetividad en la evaluación de algunas variables; este puede evaluar la respuesta del bebé a las maniobras empleadas en el atendimiento en sala de parto, pero no debe ser un parámetro decisorio para instituir o no maniobras de reanimación.Conclusión: algunos parámetros fueron comunes entre los estudios, sin embargo pueden agregarse otros parâmetros al abordar patologías específicas. Se considera importante entrenar enfermeiros en la medición del Apgar, pues son professionales responsables por el cuidado de la madre y el bebé 24 horas del día y, en muchos servicios, por la primera atención del recién nacido.
Application of Atomic Force Microscopy in Formulation Engineering
Authors: Shere Lawrence , Zhang Zhenyu Jason , Preece Jon A.
Published: August 2018

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) an analytical technique based on probing a surface or interface with a microcantilever, has become widely used in formulation engineering applications such as consumer goods, food and pharmaceutical products. Its application is not limited to imaging surface topography with nanometre spatial resolution, but is also useful for analysing material properties such as adhesion, hardness and surface chemistry. AFM offers unparalleled advantages over other microscopy techniques when studying colloidal systems. The minimum sample preparation requirements, in situ observation and flexible operational conditions enable it to act as a versatile platform for surface analysis. In this review we will present some applications of AFM, and discuss how it has developed into a repertoire of techniques for analysing formulated products at the nanoscale under native conditions.
A Phase Ib/II Study of the JAK1 Inhibitor, Itacitinib, plus nab-Paclitaxel and Gemcitabine in Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Beatty Gregory L. , Shahda Safi , Beck Thaddeus , Uppal Nikhil , Cohen Steven J. , Donehower Ross , Gabayan Afshin Eli , Assad Albert , Switzky Julie , Zhen Huiling , Von Hoff Daniel D.
Published: August 2018

Lessons Learned

Itacitinib in combination with nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine demonstrated an acceptable safety profile with clinical activity in patients with advanced solid tumors including pancreatic cancer. The results support future studies of itacitinib as a component of combination regimens with other immunologic and targeted small molecule anticancer agents.

Background

Cytokine-mediated signaling via JAK/STAT is central to tumor growth, survival, and systemic inflammation, which is associated with cancer cachexia, particularly in pancreatic cancer. Because of their centrality in the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia and progression, JAK isozymes have emerged as promising therapeutic targets. Preclinical studies have demonstrated antiproliferative effects of JAK/STAT pathway inhibition in both in vitro and in vivo models of cancer, including pancreatic cancer.

Methods

This phase Ib/II dose-optimization study assessed itacitinib, a selective JAK1 inhibitor, combined with nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine in adults with treatment-naïve advanced/metastatic disease (Part 1) or pancreatic adenocarcinoma (Parts 2/2A; NCT01858883). Starting doses (Part 1) were itacitinib 400 mg, nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m2, and gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2. Additional dose levels incorporated were granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, de-escalations of itacitinib to 300 mg once daily (QD), nab-paclitaxel to 100 mg/m2, and gemcitabine to 750 mg/m2.

Results

Among 55 patients in Part 1, 6 developed seven hematologic dose-limiting toxicities (Cycle 1). Itacitinib 300 mg plus nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m2 and gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 was tolerated and expanded in Part 2. Treatment discontinuation and grade 3/4 neutropenia rates prompted itacitinib de-escalation to 200 mg QD in Part 2A. The most common grade 3/4 toxicities were fatigue and neutropenia. Partial responses occurred across all itacitinib doses and several tumor types (overall response rate, 24%).

Conclusion

Itacitinib plus chemotherapy demonstrated acceptable safety and clinical activity in patients with advanced solid tumors including pancreatic cancers. This study was terminated early (sponsor's decision) based on negative phase III results for a JAK1/2 inhibitor in previously treated advanced pancreatic cancer.
La consulta previa en la jurisprudencia constitucional de Colombia: análisis de línea entre 1997 - 2015
Authors: Cifuentes Sandoval German , Herrera Tapias Belinha , Mantilla Grande Luz , Carvajal Muños Paola
Published: August 2018

A continuación, se presenta un estudio de línea jurisprudencial relacionado con el tratamiento judicial que la Corte Constitucional de Colombia ha dado en el periodo de tiempo 1997-2015 a la obligación de realizar consulta previa a las Comunidades indígenas cuando se trate de la adopción de medidas legislativas que puedan afectar los derechos de las mismas (incluyendo aquellos relacionados con los recursos naturales existentes en sus territorios). La línea fue desarrollada conforme a la metodología propuesta por el Profesor Diego López Medina (2006, p.169). En su obra El derecho de los Jueces y en caso de incorporación de cambios a la metodología precitada se hará la correspondiente observación a pie de página.
Las expresiones culturales tradicionales: un dimensionamiento a partir de la caracterización del Lumbalú como conocimiento tradicional
Authors: Vargas-Chaves Iván , Manotas-Bolaño Inmaculada , Cassiani Inés
Published: August 2018

Con el propósito de caracterizar las expresiones culturales tradicionales, generalmente poco abordadas por los estudiosos de los conocimientos tradicionales y la propiedad intelectual, se caracterizaron las expresiones culturales asociadas al ritual de Lumbalú de San Basilio de Palenque. Se plantea el estado actual de desprotección de este conjunto de saberes, tradiciones y costumbres que por su configuración son ‘obras’, y se concluye que debe existir un marco regulatorio comprensivo que contemple las necesidades y expectativas de las comunidades; que además sea capaz de garantizar el consentimiento libre, previo e informado para su acceso mediante la consulta previa, y la justa repartición de beneficios por la explotación económica, entre otras estrategias de protección que buscan otorgarle una categoría especial a las expresiones culturales tradicionales como un eslabón clave de los conocimientos tradicionales.
Revisión legal y jurisprudencial del fuero de personas con discapacidad física, psíquica o sensorial
Authors: Rodríguez Lascarro Luz Mery
Published: August 2018

El artículo 53 de nuestra Constitución actual, consagra unos principios mínimos fundamentales, que deberán estar siempre presentes en las relaciones laborales, con el fin de brindar protección y superiores garantías a los trabajadores, esto acompañado de la expedición de jurisprudencia garantista por parte de la Corte Constitucional, quien al resolver los casos que por tutela deben ser sometidos a esa corporación para su eventual revisión. Entre los principios (Valencia, H., 2007) allí consagrados, encontramos el de “estabilidad en el empleo”, (p. 220) del cual de acuerdo a las necesidades en materia laboral se han creado los llamados fueros de protección laboral, blindando al trabajador que por encontrarse en un estado de debilidad manifiesta no puede ser despedido sin el cumplimiento previo de un trámite especial para que proceda su desvinculación laboral.

De allí surge el de “La estabilidad laboral reforzada o fuero de personas con discapacidad física, psíquica y sensorial”, es un beneficio que tienen los trabajadores que por su situación de salud, se encuentran en estado de debilidad manifiesta o vulnerabilidad y que evita que puedan ser despedidos sin que sea agotado el debido proceso, en este caso el permiso de la autoridad competente en lo laboral como es el inspector del trabajo, pues de lo contrario se considera que el despido es ineficaz.
Análisis histórico conceptual de la política desde la transdisciplinariedad
Authors: Vergara Varela Rafael
Published: August 2018

Este documento de trabajo busca analizar y estudiar la teoría política para entender los pactos del Estado con la sociedad, y de igual forma entender holísticamente el conocimiento propuesto de los autores aquí reseñados, como también el entorno espacio temporal en el que se enmarcan estas ideas y sus efectos en la sociedad. Evidentemente el discurso desde las ciencias sociales hoy involucra a la temática posmoderna de la transdisciplinariedad. Por ello, desde este enfoque el artículo busca responder una pregunta transversal que guía al estudio en torno al devenir histórico de la teoría política. Empero este trabajo es una aproximación a la temática.
La educación para la paz y los derechos humanos en la creación de valores para la solución de conflictos escolares
Authors: Esquivel Marín Cristela Georgina , García Barrera Myrna Elia
Published: August 2018

La noción de Cultura de Paz conlleva valores, actitudes, conductas y formas de vida; este último concepto es de vital importancia, pues implica todo un cambio en la perspectiva de la vida por lo que, en dicha noción queda implícita la idea de pensar en los demás y no sólo en nosotros mismos para lograr la verdadera convivencia pacífica. La Educación para la Paz, implica cultivar valores como la justicia, la cooperación, la solidaridad, el desarrollo de la autonomía personal y la toma de decisiones, entre otros; conlleva cuestionar los valores contrarios a la cultura de la paz, como la discriminación, la intolerancia, la indiferencia, entre otros. La Educación para la Paz y el respeto a los Derechos Humanos desarrollan la construcción de valores, actitudes, comportamientos y estilos de vida de las personas mediante la interacción en sociedad y fomentan las formas no violentas de intervenir en los conflictos con base en la justicia, la libertad y la autonomía. Los Derechos Humanos son un ideal de convivencia y realización humana cuya práctica hace factible el desarrollo del ser humano como tal. El tener como objeto de enseñanza los Derechos Humanos, implica tener una propuesta de educación que pretenda orientar a la socialización de alumnos y alumnas en términos de una conducta ética personal de responsabilidad social para el logro de una persona crítica y promotora de una cultura respetuosa de la dignidad humana.
El valor intangible de la cláusula de estilo en los métodos alternos de solución de conflictos
Authors: Gorjón Francisco , Adame Melissa
Published: August 2018

La implementación de los métodos alternos en específico el arbitraje comercial en la solución de conflictos internacionales derivados de compromisos comerciales, es una realidad, se ha convertido en una práctica común de las lex mercatoria la introducción de cláusulas arbitrales en todo contrato, elevándose estas a ser consideradas una cláusula de estilo de todo contrato internacional, rebasando la práctica comercial e introduciéndose en todo tipo de contrato. Con reconocimiento y valides legal en todo el orbe, respaldada por la lex fori y por el ius mercatorum.

Entendiéndose esta como un contrato independiente del contrato principal, sustentado su reconocimiento por la convención de New York del 58. Es por ello que se le considera un valor intangible de los MASC en específico del arbitraje, permitiendo que las partes puedan resolver sus conflictos en un ámbito privado, como principal ganancia, valor intrínseco y rasgo distintivo de esta cláusula de estilo.
El arbitraje y la mediación, más que propuestas, una necesidad para el acceso a la justicia en materia de propiedad intelectual
Authors: Torre Delgadillo Vicente , Solís Delgadillo Juan Mario
Published: August 2018

El acceso y la impartición de justicia mediante el debido proceso en materia de propiedad industrial como en cualquier otra materia es sin lugar a dudas una de las responsabilidades más importantes que tienen los Estados. Lo anterior no sólo y exclusivamente como una función necesaria para garantizar una sana convivencia social, sino también para garantizar un entorno de seguridad y certeza jurídica a la actividad económica de un país como México.Por ello el trabajo de éstos debe consistir en fomentar el conocimiento de la ley y la confianza en las instituciones de procuración e impartición de justicia implementando la tecnología y los mecanismos alternativos de solución de controversias, para de esta forma procurar una impartición de justicia pronta y expedita.
Decolonising (through) inclusive education?
Authors: Walton Elizabeth
Published: August 2018

Inclusive education seeks to reduce exclusion from and within schools, and to secure participation and learning success for all. Its origins are in countries of the Global North, and countries of the Global South, like South Africa, have been relatively late to introduce inclusive education. Inclusive education has been critiqued as constituting a neocolonial project and an unwelcome imposition on countries of the Global South. It can be seen as a form of coloniality because the knowledge from Euro-American countries dominates the field. Furthermore, countries are expected to fund a model of inclusion developed in the resource-rich North, and current schooling perpetuates colonial hierarchies. Responding to this critique, this article presents an Afrocentric model of inclusive education, citing scholars who claim that inclusive education is congruent with traditional African culture and community and resonates with ubuntu. It is then shown that this argument is not unassailable. An alternative is that inclusive education might be harnessed to further the decolonial project, and that aspects of inclusive education can resist the coloniality of knowledge, of power, and of being. This position may also be problematic because it could represent what has been termed settler innocence. Finally, implications for research and teaching are suggested.
Recognition as reparation: A participatory approach to (mis)recognition and decolonisation in South African higher education
Authors: Calitz Talita
Published: August 2018

In this paper, I present narratives drawn from a participatory research project in which students contributed to the everyday work of decolonising higher education. As part of the scholarly and activist impetus for decolonising South African universities, the narratives draw attention to patterns of misrecognition in undergraduate student experiences. The first part of the paper outlines an intersectional approach to student experiences, to illustrate how binaries underpin epistemologies, pedagogy, and relationships at the university. In the final section, I outline principles drawn from student narratives that can be used reframe student recognition as part of the broader process of decolonising South Africa higher education.
Decolonising preservice teachers' colonialist thoughts in higher education through defamiliarisation as a pedagogy
Authors: Waghid Zayd , Hibbertimagemaqui Liesel
Published: August 2018

The social, political, and economic inequalities embedded and reflected in all social life in South Africa continue to shape the higher education landscape of the country. Calls for the higher education curricula in South Africa to be transformed under the guide of decolonisation requires primarily a reform of the colonising spaces in which teaching in higher education takes place. Using a case study at a university of technology that explicates teaching and learning through the use of creative illustrations as a form and means of defamiliarisation, the authors show how spaces can be created to facilitate deliberative engagement and contestation regarding instances of colonisation in higher education and society. The authors conclude that defamiliarisation should be considered a possible pedagogical technique in higher education as a way of deepening students' social, economic, political, and cultural awareness in relation to identity, language, and hierarchies of power amongst students and higher education educators.
South African science teachers' strategies for integrating indigenous and Western knowledges in their classes: Practical lessons in decolonisation
Authors: Seehawer Maren
Published: August 2018

Framed within the broader discourse on decolonising African education, this article aims to contribute to the project of integrating indigenous and Western knowledges in southern African education. Following a participatory action research (PAR) cycle, a team of five South African science teachers and one German researcher explored whether and how indigenous knowledges (IK) could be integrated into the teachers' regular classes. The article focuses on the first two phases of the PAR cycle and discusses how challenges impeding knowledge integration were solved and how science lessons that integrated aspects of Western and indigenous knowledges were planned. While the South African science curriculum explicitly invites knowledge integration, it hardly contains any IK and there are no generally available teaching materials. Moreover, some of the participating teachers did not have IK. Yet, integration was possible, for example, through using the learners' communities as resources, a strategy that worked well in both primary and secondary grades. The article suggests that the very practice-oriented research process was also a process of intellectual empowerment and decolonisation. Calling on the agency of teachers, parents, community elders, traditional healers, and academics, the article argues for a bottom-up approach to knowledge integration and to decolonising education.
Sinkhole and subsidence size distribution across dolomitic land in Gauteng
Authors: Constantinou S , van Rooy J
Published: August 2018

Karst-related sinkholes and subsidences occur on areas underlain by Chuniespoort Group dolomite bedrock in the Gauteng Province, South Africa. Although dolomite land is found across several South African provinces, sinkhole and subsidence formation in Gauteng, the economic hub of South Africa, has been considerably more severe than in other provinces. Thousands of sinkhole and subsidence events have occurred in the past 50 years. Previously, data on sinkhole and subsidence occurrence was amassed separately by various consultants, companies, research institutions and state authorities. There is no legal requirement for sinkhole and subsidence events to be reported to a central authority, yet the data is crucial for future assessment of sinkhole hazards and decision-making. Information regarding the sinkhole record for Gauteng was collated to develop an inventory of the study area. Compiling a comprehensive database presented many challenges; most importantly the large volume of incomplete data that could not be retrieved. Sinkholes, and subsidence and crack events prior to the end of 2011 were considered for Gauteng. Data was organised into multi-wave frequency tables, and various aspects were then analysed. This paper deals with available dimension data (i.e. diameter and depth) across the Gauteng Province.
Can detrimental carbonation of cement or lime-stabilised road base layers, and the occurrence of biscuit layers as a result of carbonation, be controlled by proper construction techniques only?
Authors: Semmelink C , Jooste J , Raubenheimer J
Published: August 2018

According to international standards, the majority of paved roads in South Africa are considered as low-volume roads. For this reason, the use of stabilised base layers under thin surfacings is still extensively used in the rehabilitation of these roads and the construction of new road pavements. In this spectrum of roads, problems have occurred with regard to the cementation of such layers. In most cases, these issues arise at the very top of these base layers, and the most common explanation has usually been described as "detrimental carbonation" or similar wording. It is especially the early problems within the construction period and soon thereafter that are under scrutiny in this paper. This paper presents an update on the experience with chemically stabilised base layers in South Africa, and shows how the so-called "detrimental carbonation" is not a situation that can be eliminated during construction. The paper further argues the reason why the problem is material-related, and that a water-driven reaction probably causes it. Other opinions are that carbonation is the only cause and that carbonation is unaffected by moisture. A further opinion is that standard prescribed compaction techniques, curing and the application of prescribed bituminous types of prime can also be the cause of so-called "detrimental carbonation". The conclusion is that the problem is moisture or "water-driven", as water vapour is required for the carbonation reaction to take place.
DESEMPENHO AGRONÔMICO DE HÍBRIDOS DE SORGO BIOMASSA NAS CONDIÇÕES EDAFOCLIMÁTICAS DO TOCANTINS
Authors: Fortes Caio , Evaristo Anderson Barbosa , Barros Angélica , Pimentel Leonardo Duarte
Published: August 2018

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o desempenho agronômico de híbridos de sorgo biomassa sensíveis e insensíveis ao fotoperíodo, cultivados em segunda safra, nas condições edafoclimáticas do estado de Tocantins (TO). Foram avaliados sete materiais genéticos de sorgo biomassa, dois sensíveis e cinco insensíveis ao fotoperiodismo, em três densidades de semeadura no município de Palmas. Objetivou-se avaliar diferenciado dos materiais quanto ao desempenho agronômico. Os híbridos de sorgo biomassa insensíveis ao fotoperíodo foram superiores quando comparados aos materiais sensíveis, isso em relação à altura de plantas, diâmetro dos colmos e número de entrenós. Além disso, apresentaram menor incidência de doenças foliares e maiores estandes de plantas, tanto aos 30 dias após a semeadura quanto na colheita. Os híbridos de sorgo biomassa insensíveis ao fotoperíodo tiveram maior produção de massa fresca e seca, mesmo em condições de intensa restrição hídrica ocorrida durante o ciclo. Os materiais mais promissores foram HFIS4 e HSBG1, com produtividades de massa seca de 8 Mg ha-1.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Sorghum bicolor; população de plantas; safrinha, bioenergia, sorgo biomassa. AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF BIOMASS SORGHUM HYBRIDS AT EDAPHOCLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF TOCANTINS STATEABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of sorghum hybrids that are sensitive and insensitive to the photoperiod, cultivated during winter season in Tocantins state, Brazil. Seven biomass sorghum genotypes, two sensitive and five insensitive to photoperiod were evaluated at three sowing populations in Palmas. It was observed different behavior among the materials, regarding agronomic performance. The biomass sorghum hybrids insensitive to photoperiod were better than sensitive materials in relation to plant height, stalk diameter, and number of internodes. In addition, they had lower incidence of foliar diseases and higher plant stands both 30 days after sowing and at harvest. Insensitive sorghum hybrids yielded higher fresh and dry mass production even under an intense water deficit conditions that occurred during the cycle. The most promising materials were HFIS4 and HSBG1 with dry mass yields of 8 Mg ha-1.KEYWORDS: Sorghum bicolor; plant population; winter season, bioenergy, biomass sorghum.
PRODUÇÃO DE PASTA CELULÓSICA E PAPEL DO PSEUDOCAULE DE BANANEIRA (Musa sp)
Authors: Pimentel Caroline Tosetto , Andrade Azarias Machado de , Dias Júnior Ananias Francisco
Published: August 2018

Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o rendimento da conversão do pseudocaule de bananeira (Musa sp) em pasta celulósica. As pastas celulósicas, produzidas pelo processo soda, foram utilizadas na confecção de papéis, que foram comparados entre si, considerando-se características físicas e ópticas, como o fundo de impressão, a lisura e os aspectos superficiais. Foram avaliados os tempos de cozimento de 30 e 60 minutos e concentrações de hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) no licor de cozimento de 0; 1,5; 2,0 e 2,5%. Foi observado que os papéis produzidos das pastas sem adição de NaOH ao licor de cozimento são indicados para fins ornamentais, produção de sacolas e embalagens. Porém, não servem para a produção de papéis para impressão e escrita, pois apresentaram altos teores de rejeitos, com elevadas granulometrias. As folhas de papel da pasta celulósica obtida a partir do tratamento em que se adotou 60 minutos de cozimento e concentração de 2,5% de hidróxido de sódio foram, sob os pontos de vista físico e óptico, as melhores para impressão e escrita, além de apresentarem uma maior facilidade de formação, quando comparadas às demais.PALAVRAS CHAVE: Papel De Bananeira, Polpação Soda, Papel Artesanal.  PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSIC PULP AND PAPER FROM BANANA (Musa sp) PSEUDOSTALK ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of conversion banana (Musa sp) pseudostakl in cellulose pulp. The cellulosic pulps produced by soda process were used to produce papers using different methods. All papers were compared considering physical and optical characteristics such as printing background, smoothness and surface aspects. We analyzed cooking times of 30 and 60 minutes and concentrations of sodium hydroxide in the cooking liquor from 0%; 1.5%; 2.0% and 2.5%. It was observed that the papers produced from pastes without addition of NaOH are indicated for ornamental purposes, production of bags and packaging. However, they may not be used for production of printing and writing papers, since they have high contents of tailings, with high granulometry. The treatment with 60 minutes of cooking and 2.5% of sodium hydroxide concentration resulted in papers physically and optically best for printing and writing, in addition easier to product, when compared to the others.KEYWORDS: Banana Pseudostalk Paper, Sodium Hydroxide Cooking, Craft Paper.
Murine CD8 T cell transduction v1
Authors: Anderson Kristin
Published: August 2018

CD8 T cells can be transduced to express genes transferred by retroviral transduction. This protocol outlines the steps for generating retrovirus from PLAT-E packaging cells to transduce primary murine CD8 T cells isolated from donor mouse spleens. In brief: The ectropic retroviral packaging cell line, Platinum (Plat)-E cells (Cell Biolabs, Inc.), were plated (2.2x106 cells) in PLAT-E media on 10 mm culture plates. After 24 hours, Plat-E cells were transfected with DNA encoding the desired TCR and/or construct using the Effectene transfection kit (Qiagen). At 48 hours, media was replaced with T cell media. On days 2 and 3 post-transfection (at 72 and 96 hours) virus-containing supernatant was collected. Splenic T cells isolated from P14 Thy1.1+ female mice were stimulated with a-CD3e (clone: 145-2C11) and a-CD28 (clone: 37.51 (both from BD Pharmingen) and IL-2 (50 IU/ml Aldesleukin, UW Pharmacy), and transduced with retroviral supernatant by spinfection in polybrene (5mg/mL, 90 minutes at 1000xg) at 24 and 48 hours after T cell activation.
Quick Fungal DNA extraction from colonies on plates v1
Authors: Debler Johannes
Published: August 2018

Adapted from Chi, M. H., Park, S. Y., & Lee, Y. H. (2009). Colony PCR on fungal colonies grown on plates does not work as well as it does for bacteria (it usually doesn't work at all). DNA therefore needs to be extracted first. As this DNA will only be used as a PCR template to check for presence / absence of individual genes I am not too concerend about high molecular weight or purity. This protocol is quick and can be used toprocess several samples at the same time.