bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enzymatic pretreatment for the enhancement of beetroot drying process
Authors: Graciola Keli Cristina , Costa Bruna Roos , Sant’Anna Voltaire , Klein Manuela Poletto , Moraes Kelly de
Published: December 2023

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of cellulase and pectinase as pretreatments for the drying of beetroot (Beta vulgaris). The experiment consisted of slices of beetroots subjected to four different treatments before the drying procedure, as follows: no wet pretreatment; wet pretreatment without enzymes; pectinase solution pretreatment; and cellulase solution pretreatment. Treatments were compared for drying rates, color change, content of betalains, and plant tissue structure. A modified Page model was used to describe the drying process. The enzymatic pretreatments did not improve the drying kinetics, although they changed the plant tissue structure. A negative influence on the drying was observed when pectinase was used; however, no effect was observed when cellulase was used. Slices treated with cellulase remained unchanged for color. Slices treated with pectinase showed significant changes of color, in comparison with the control treatments. The enzymatic pretreatments studied did not change the betalain concentrations and showed similar drying performance in the comparison with control treatments. Cellulase pretreatment is promising because it does not change the beetroot color or the betalain concentration.
Peptide from RuBisCO protein hydrolysate and its application in beef meat preservation
Authors: Kobbi Sabrine , Bougatef Hajer , Balti Rafik , Przybylski Remi , Sila Assaad , Dhulster Pascal , Bougatef Ali , Nedjar Naïma
Published: December 2023

Abstract The objective of this work was to purify the small (705 Da) and hydrophilic antimicrobial Arg-Asp-Arg-Phe-Leu peptide from RuBisCO protein hydrolysate and to evaluate its effect on the microbiological and oxidative stability of beef mince during refrigeration. RuBisCO was obtained from alfafa green juice. The peptide extract was fractionated using RP-HPLC, and the active fractions were analyzed by liquid chromatography, electrospray ionization, and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). Beef mince was analyzed in the following treatments: negative control, meat with two different BHT concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5% (w/w), and meat with two different Arg-Asp-Arg-Phe-Leu peptide concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5% (w/w). Lipid oxidation using the thio-barbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) values were significantly affected by the storage period and the concentration of bioactive peptide. Arg-Asp-Arg-Phe-Leu, a small antibacterial peptide from RuBisCO, can be isolated and purified by HPLC from alfafa green juice with retention time between 10 and 50 min, which corresponds to antimicrobial peptides. RuBisCO peptide Arg-Asp-Arg-Phe-Leu 0.5% increases oxidative stability of beef mince during refrigeration. RuBisCO peptide Arg-Asp-Arg-Phe-Leu inhibit microbial growth under refrigeration for 11 days.
Strategies for the selection of common bean lines for yield and commercial grain quality
Authors: Silva Fernanda de Cássia , Martins Saulo Muniz , Pereira Helton Santos , Melo Patrícia Guimarães Santos , Melo Leonardo Cunha
Published: December 2023

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate common bean lines for yield and commercial grain quality in multi-environments, and to maximize the efficiency of selection using complementary methods. Over three crop years, 79 trials using carioca common bean lines were carried out in the dry, winter, and rainy crop seasons, in the Southern, Southeastern, Midwestern, and Northeastern regions of Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replicates and 17 genotypes. The evaluated traits were: grain yield (GY), grain appearance (GA), sieve yield (SY), and 100-seed weight (100SW). Adaptability and stability analyses were carried out using models that consider the genotype effect as fixed or as random, in a mixed-model perspective. A significant interaction between genotypes and environments was observed for all traits evaluated. The CNFC 15086 line presented the highest GY and 100SW, besides a high adaptability and stability. The most prominent line for GA was CNFC 15038. The CNFC 15097 line is recommended as a cultivar (BRS FC406) because it shows, simultaneously, favorable performances for GY, GA, SY, and 100SW, as well as for adaptability and stability.
GGE biplot analysis of the adaptability and stability of wheat genotypes in Mozambique
Authors: Dique José Eulário Lampi , Miguel Magalhães Amade , Pedro César , Silota Gaudêncio , Fernando Custódio José Jorge , Bungala Leonel Tarcísio da Cristina , Charimba Alcides Mário , Abílio Lúcia César , Simbe José Domingos , Carneiro Vinícius Quintão
Published: December 2023

Abstract The objective of this work was to use the GGE biplot method to select superior wheat genotypes for adaptability and stability, and to determine grain yield in Sussundenga, Bárué, and Lichinga, in Mozambique, in the 2018/2019, 2019/2020, and 2020/2021 crop years. Eleven treatments were evaluated, using ten wheat genotypes from International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center and a control cultivar developed by a Zimbabwean seed company and used in the national wheat program of the country. Grain yield was the main trait evaluated through individual and joint analyses of variance, adaptability, and stability. The effects of genotypes and the genotype × environment interaction were significant. The adaptability and stability analysis using the GGE biplot method showed that the first two main components explained 94.6% of the total variation for year effect, and 91.8%, for the location effect. The following genotypes can be selected for favorable and unfavorable environments: G1, considered ideal due to its high mean yield and stability over the years; and G4 and G7, for simultaneously showing a high yield and stability over the years.
Molecular characterization and epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from free-range chickens in the southwest region of Goiás: new genotypes
Authors: Domann Natália , Rezende Stéfanne Rodrigues , Fleury Amanda Cristina Corrêa , Barbosa Isa Marianny Ferreira Nascimento , Ribeiro Isabella da Costa , Dornelas Júlia Batista , Oliveira Tainá Francisca Cardoso de , Moura Vanessa Oliveira Lopes de , Storchilo Heloísa Ribeiro , Castro Ana Maria de , Garcia João Luís , Cardoso Ludimila Paula Vaz , Rezende Hanstter Hallison Alves
Published: December 2023

Abstract The purpose of this study was to isolate Toxoplasma gondii from tissues of free-range chickens in the southwestern region of Goiás, to detect and molecularly characterize the genetic material of the parasite, and to determine the seroprevalence of the protozoan parasite in these animals. A seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies of 76% (19/25) was found among the chickens, while genetic material from their tissues was detected in 56% (14/25). A total of 14 isolates was obtained in the bioassay, ten of which were considered acute, eight were considered isolates of high virulence lethal to mice, and four of low virulence, considered non-lethal but with the ability to chronify the infection. Seven of the ten isolates showed significant morphometric differences from the RH strain, in terms of nucleus-complex-apical distance, length and width. Genotyping of the acute isolates was performed by RFLP-PCR, using 11 genetic markers: SAG1, SAG2 (3’SAG2 and 5’SAG2), alt.SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and APICO. The results were compared and classified according to the genotypes listed on the ToxoDB Platform, where different profiles were observed indicating the presence of two known genotypes (#7 and #63) and five new genotypes (NEW 3, NEW4, NEW5, NEW6, NEW 7). The results showed high seroprevalence, isolation rate, molecular detection and genotypic variations of T. gondii in free-range chickens in the southwestern region of Goiás.
Seroprevalence and coprological prevalence of liver fluke Fasciola hepatica in cattle and sheep from Santander department, Colombia
Authors: Delgado Nelson Uribe , Pereira Andrés Esteban , Martínez Ruth Aralí , Muñoz Angel Alberto Florez , Pinilla Juan Carlos
Published: December 2023

Abstract Fasciola hepatica is a parasite with a worldwide distribution that affects several mammals, including humans, and is considered a public health problem. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Fasciola hepatica in humans, cattle and sheep, as well as to evaluate factors associated with the prevalence. A total of 185 serum samples from sheep, 290 from cattle, and 114 from humans were collected and processed using an in-house developed ELISA to detect IgG antibodies against F. hepatica. Additionally, 185 stool samples from sheep and 290 from cattle were examined using a Dennis sedimentation technique. Risk factors were analyzed using epidemiological surveys. The overall seroprevalence was 46.5% (86/185) in sheep, 32.5% (94/289) in cattle, and no humans tested positive for the infection. The coprological prevalence was 47.7% (86/180) in sheep and 33.7% (98/290) in cattle. Female gender and cattle living with alternate grazing management showed 2.5 and 6.5 times higher probability of infection, respectively. Bovines coexisting with sheep exhibited a higher risk of infection (odds ratio [OR]=4.3) compared to those without sheep. We concluded that F. hepatica in cattle and sheep has an endemic behavior, and therefore represents a problem of public health for rural communities.
A new species of Aplectana Railliet & Henry, 1916 (Nematoda: Cosmocercidae) in the Brazilian Amazon and the taxonomic status of Aplectana longa
Authors: Santos Ana Nunes , Borges Ewerton dos Santos , Willkens Yuri , Santos Jeannie Nascimento dos , Costa-Campos Carlos Eduardo , Melo Francisco Tiago de Vasconcelos
Published: December 2023

Abstract Nematodes of the genus Aplectana Railliet & Henry, 1916 are common parasites of the digestive tract of amphibians and reptiles in the Neotropical region. During a parasite survey on Boana boans (Linnaeus, 1758), we found specimens of nematodes with Aplectana characteristics. We observed a set of characteristics that differs the species of our study from its congeners, and the present study describes a new species of Aplectana parasite of B. boans using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Aplectana pella n. sp. has lateral alae and somatic papillae in males and females; males have equal short spicules, and the gubernaculum is absent. The arrangement of pairs of caudal papillae also differs from other species (2 precloacal,1 adcloacal, and 5 postcloacal+1 unpaired). In females, the vulva is simple, with non-prominent lips, and equatorial. This is the first record of the genus Aplectana parasitizing B. boans and the 58th species described for this genus. Additionally, we added the precloacal papillae pattern of A. delirae, and based on morphological and morphometric characteristics, we propose the reallocation of Aplectana longa to the genus Oxyascaris.
Diversity of helminths with zoonotic potential and molecular characterization of Toxocara canis infecting domestic dogs from locations of Amazon and Atlantic Forest Brazilian biomes
Authors: Dias-Correia Tuan Pedro , Neves Leandro Batista das , Bittencourt-Oliveira Fernanda , Giglio Gabriella Cristina Balzana , Pereira Thiago Cordeiro , Almeida Fernanda Barbosa de , Rodrigues-Silva Rosângela
Published: December 2023

Abstract The coproparasitological examination of dogs (n=278) from two Brazilian biomes (Amazon [AZ] and Atlantic Forest [AF]) by centrifugal flotation demonstrated positivity values of 54.2% (AF) and 48.5% (AZ). The most prevalent parasites in AF were hookworms (81.0% - 47/58), Toxocara sp. (17.3% - 10/58) and Trichuris vulpis (12.1% - 7/58); while in AZ they were hookworms (86.7% - 72/83), Toxocara sp. (18.1% - 15/83), Dipylidium caninum (13.3% - 11/83) and T. vulpis (10.8% - 9/83). PCR was performed using the partial mitochondrial genes cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (pcox1) and NADH dehydrogenase 1 (pnad1) in 25 fecal samples positive for Toxocara sp. eggs and found one sample positive for pcox1 and six positives for pnad1. The sequencing of these samples was unsuccessful due to the difficulties inherent in copro-PCR+sequencing. The sequencing of 14 samples of T. canis adult helminths retrieved 11 sequences of 414 bp for pcox1 and nine sequences of 358 bp for pnad1. The phylogenetic trees of these sequences confirmed the species T. canis. Intraspecific genetic variation was only observed for pnad1. This is the second study involving molecular analysis of T. canis in dogs from Brazil and adds new information through the use of pnad1.
Impairments, health conditions and health risk behaviors: occurrence and associations, in the National Health Survey, Brazil, 2019
Authors: Barreto Marina Carvalho Arruda , Oliveira Bárbara Bruna Rodrigues de , Gomes Ileana Pitombeira , Vasconcelos Mayra Solange Lopes de , Tavares Nayranne Hivina Carvalho , Castro Shamyr Sulyvan de , Araújo Larissa Fortunato
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze association of visual, hearing, mental/intellectual, physical and multiple impairments with health conditions and health risk behaviors in Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional study, using data from the 2019 National Health Survey; associations between impairments and presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), high cholesterol, alcohol abuse and smoking were estimated using logistic regression, thus obtaining the odds ratios (OR). Results Impairment was reported by 7.6% of the 90,846 participants. Having a impairment was associated with greater odds of reporting chronic conditions, especially CVD (OR = 2.11; 95%CI 1.76;2.54) and DM (OR = 1.78; 95%CI 1.56;2.02 ); visual impairment was associated with greater odds of smoking (OR = 1.52; 95%CI 1.28;1.81); mental/intellectual impairment was inversely related to smoking (OR = 0.45; 95%CI 0.30;0.67) and alcohol abuse (OR = 0.13; 95%CI 0.06;0.26). Conclusion Having any of the impairments studied may be associated with greater odds of having chronic health conditions.
KRT6A Inhibits IL-1β-Mediated Pyroptosis of Keratinocytes via Blocking IL-17 Signaling
Authors: Li Yuan , Wu Qi
Published: December 2023

Keratin 6A (KRT6A) is involved in the pathogenesis of various skin diseases. However, the reports on the roles of KRT6A in atopic dermatitis (AD) are limited. This study aimed to investigate the potentials of KRT6A in AD. mRNA levels were detected by RT-PCR. Cytokine release was determined by ELISA. Protein expression was determined using Western blot. Cell viability was determined by CCK-8. Cytotoxicity was detected by LDH assay. Cell death was determined by TUNEL. The pyroptosis of keratinocytes was detected using flow cytometry. We found that KRT6A was overexpressed in AD patients. Moreover, KRT6A was stimulated after exposed to proinflammatory cytokines. Overexpressed KRT6A suppressed inflammatory response, while KRT6A knockdown exerted the opposite effects. Overexpressed KRT6A suppressed inflammation-induced pyroptosis of keratinocytes. Additionally, KRT6A negatively regulated interleukin-17a (IL-17a) expression, blocking IL-17 signaling. IL-17a overexpression antagonized the effects of KRT6A and promoted pyroptosis of keratinocytes. In conclusion, KRT6A exerted protective functions in AD via regulating IL-17 signaling. This KRT6A/IL-17 may be a novel target for AD.
Study on UV-cured antimicrobial coatings with epoxy resin quaternary ammonium salt
Authors: He Jiaxuan , Xu Yan , Tan Xiaoming , Hu Yiming , Liu Jiesheng , Liu Qinyi
Published: December 2023

This study aims to develop Ultraviolet-cured (UV-cured) antimicrobial coatings by dispersing epoxy resin F51–quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) as antimicrobial agents in UV-cured emulsions. The molecular structures of these F51–QAS coatings were analyzed using infrared spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed to evaluate the thermal stability of the antimicrobial coatings. Contact angle testing was conducted to investigate the hygroscopic wettability of the coatings. Mechanical properties such as pencil hardness, adhesion strength, flexibility and impact resistance were evaluated. Antimicrobial rate experiments were conducted to examine the antimicrobial properties of the coatings. The antimicrobial properties were examined through rate experiments against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that when the F51–QAS content was at 2.7%, the UV-cured antimicrobial coatings exhibited excellent overall performance with a 100% antimicrobial rate.
Position Design
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Rubio Cano Licet Paola , Flórez Álvarez Elvis Gustavo , Coavas-Blanquicet Sami Gabriel
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this document is to provide students of the Business Administration program with reference material on the subject of “position design”, considering the importance of being able to understand the subject in a clearer way and its implication in organizational processes. For this purpose, the concept is made clear, covering all the elements inherent to the specification of a position in the organization, as well as identifying the practical differentiation between job and position, the definition of position profile, as well as the advantages and disadvantages that a correct or incorrect position design suggests for the organization, as well as the impact in terms of favoring optimal conditions for the workers in the exercise of their functions and the increase in productivity.
Validation of Sacral Rhomboid Diameters and Maternal Height in Antenatal Prediction of Contracted Pelvis in Primigravida
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, SAIMS Medical College And Postgraduate Institute, Indore Ujjain State Highway, near MR 10 Road, Bhawrasla, Indore, M.P. 453555, India., Rishi Prisha , Patel Abhiruchi ,   Senior Resident, Department of Anatomy, LNCT Medical College, Kanadiya, Indore, M.P. 452016, India., Julka Ameet ,   Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, MGM Medical College, AB Road, CRP Line Indore M.P. 452001, India., Pardhi Garima ,   Assistant professor, Department of Anatomy, A.B.V.G.M.C., NH 86, Sanchi Road , Shastri Nagar, Vidisha, M.P. 464001, India.
Published: December 2023

Background: Contracted pelvis when not diagnosed on time before labour leads to obstetric mishaps in developing countries. Material and Methods: This prospective study aimed to assess the validity of sacral rhomboid diameter and maternal height (Ht) to predict contracted pelvis antenatally and to compare its individual efficacy with the combination models in antenatal prediction of the contracted pelvis. Results: In 250 uncomplicated primigravida at 37 weeks or beyond, Height and Michaelis sacral rhomboid vertical and transverse diameters (VD and TD) were measured. Post-delivery patients were divided into two groups- Normal delivery (Group1) and contracted pelvis(CP) (Group 2 including Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) for contracted pelvis and assisted vaginal delivery due to non-progress of labour). Analysis was done using Microsoft Excel and R studio (Open source analytical tool V 1.2.335), cross-tabulation, and Pearson chi-square test. In our study, we found that the Mean maternal height and mean rhomboid dimensions (VD and TD) were significantly (p value 0.000) smaller in the CP group. In univariate analysis, Maternal height≤1.422 (m), VD ≤9.5 (cm) and TD ≤9.5 (cm) showed PPV of 59.26%, 29.63%, and 56.67% respectively. Of all parameters, Maternal height≤1.422 (m) was the most significant factor in the prediction of contracted pelvis and it detected 16 out of 27 women at risk of CP. However, when combination models were produced, HT+TD was the best predictor model at 10th percentile cut-off values with the highest PPV and Accuracy (77.78% and 93.3% respectively) and it detected 14 out of 18 women at risk of CP. Conclusions: Smaller dimensions of the sacral rhomboid along with the maternal height are independent predictors of contracted pelvis. Transverse diameter of Michaelis (TD) along with maternal height at cut-off values enhanced the predictability of contracted pelvis and can be used as a promising and easily measurable screening parameter to detect the women at risk of Contracted pelvis antenatally. KEYWORDS: Sacral Rhomboid diameters, Contracted pelvis, Antenatal Prediction, Maternal Height, Primigravida.
Arteria Lusoria: Descriptive Anatomy, Topography and Clinical Implications at the HUBERT KOUTOUKOU MAGA National University Hospital Center (CNHU-HKM)
Authors:   Human Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Health Sciences (FSS) of Cotonou/BENIN, CM Laleye ,   Surgery Department of the University Hospital Center of Ouémé-Plateau (CHUD-OP)/BENIN, Sogan A  ,   Human Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Health Sciences (FSS) of Cotonou/BENIN, Toni KWG  ,   Human Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Health Sciences (FSS) of Cotonou/BENIN,   Medical Imaging Department of the Hubert Koutoukou MAGA National University Hospital Center (CNHU-HKM) of Cotonou/BENIN, Houmenou E  ,   Human Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Health Sciences (FSS) of Cotonou/BENIN, Hadonou A  ,   Human Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Health Sciences (FSS) of Cotonou/BENIN, Adjadohoun SBMG  ,   Medical Imaging Department of the Hubert Koutoukou MAGA National University Hospital Center (CNHU-HKM) of Cotonou/BENIN, Hounnou GM  ,   Human Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Health Sciences (FSS) of Cotonou/BENIN, Biaou O  ,   Medical Imaging Department of the University Hospital Center of Ouémé-Plateau (CHUD-OP)/BENIN, Voyeme AK  ,   Human Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Health Sciences (FSS) of Cotonou/BENIN
Published: December 2023

Background: The presence of a right aberrant subclavian artery, also known as the lusoria artery, is the most frequent anomaly of the aortic arch. The aim of this study was to describe the anatomy of the lusoria artery and its relationships on CT scans in melanoderm subjects at the CNHU-HKM in Benin. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection, conducted from January 2018 to December 2021 at the CNHU-HKM. It focused on thoracic angioscans and thoraco-abdomino-pelvic scans that revealed a lusoria artery in patients referred to the medical imaging department. The sampling was exhaustive. Image analysis was performed using Radiant DICOM Viewer software. Results: A total of 11 cases of lusoria artery were identified among the 732 scans studied, representing a frequency of 1.5%, with a sex ratio of 0.22. The mean age of the patients was 50.81 ± 14.54 years. The discovery of the lusoria artery was incidental in all patients. The lusoria arteries arose from the aortic arch, on average 7.59 mm after the left subclavian artery, with a mean diameter of 14.86 mm at the origin. They all had a retro-esophageal course. The bicarotid trunk was the most frequent associated anatomical variation (90.9%) with a mean length of 11.84 mm. This was followed by Kommerell's diverticulum (18.18%). One case of a common origin of the subclavian arteries and bicarotid trunk associated with the lusoria artery was noted. Conclusion: The lusoria artery is a rare anatomical variation that predominantly affects women. Often discovered incidentally, it arises from the aortic arch and has a retro-esophageal course. It is almost constantly associated with a bicarotid trunk. KEYWORDS: Lusoria artery - bicarotid trunk - CT scan - Kommerell's diverticulum - Benin.
Protective Effect of Centella asiatica on AlCl3 and D-Galactose Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats through the Alleviation of Oxidative Stress as Demonstrated by Histological Changes in Liver
Authors:   Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, Human Biology Division, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Vishnumukkala Thirupathirao. ,   Ph.D candidate, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia., Gopalakrishna Prarthana Kalerammana ,   Lecturer, Department of Physiology, Human Biology division, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Karikalan Barani ,   Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA university, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia., Jagadeesan Saravanan ,   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Taylors University, Lakeside Campus, Selangor, Malaysia., Baharuldin Mohamad Taufik Hidayat B. ,   Unit of Physiology, Dept.of Preclinical, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Thomas Warren ,   Associate Professor, Department of Human Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland – Medical University of Bahrain, Al Sayh, Muharraq Governate, Kingdom of Bahrain., Moklas Mohamad Aris Mohd ,   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: December 2023

Background: Injury to the liver resulting from drug exposure is known as hepatotoxicity. Drug-induced liver damage is a clinical consequence that can be challenging to recognise, avoid, and manage. After administering Centella asiatica extract to rats that have hepatotoxicity induced by AlCl3 and D-galactose, we evaluated the histopathological alterations in the hepatic tissue and measured the concentration of oxidative and anti-oxidative activity. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the protective benefits of Centella asiatica extract on AlCl3 and D-galactose-induced hepatotoxicity. Materials and methods: Male albino Wistar rats were used in this study. Centella asiatica extract (100mg, 200mg and 300mg/kg/day) was given orally to the AlCl3 and D-gal induced hepatotoxic rats for seventy days. At the end of treatment, the liver was harvested and the activity levels of oxidative and antioxidative enzymes were determined. Histopathological changes in the liver were also documented. Results: Centella asiatica extract significantly raised the levels of SOD and catalase in liver homogenates, while lowering MDA levels and suppressing histopathological changes such as bridging necrosis, intralobular degeneration, focal necrosis, and fibrosis alterations in the liver. Conclusion: Centella asiatica extract reduced oxidative stress levels in drug-induced hepatotoxicity by attenuating histological changes and normalising the levels of oxidative stress indicators in the liver. KEYWORDS: Centella asiatica, Hepatotoxicity, AlCl3, D-galactose, Oxidative stress.
Malagasy framing demonstratives and the syntax of doubling
Authors: Paul Ileana , Potsdam Eric
Published: December 2023

Malagasy demonstratives appear simultaneously initially and finally within the DP and must be identical: ity boky ity ‘DEM book DEM’ “this book”. We argue that the unusual doubling pattern arises from multiple pronunciation of a single demonstrative formative and not from base-generation of two independent formatives. The primary goal is to show that doubling, which has been amply discussed in the verbal domain, particularly in the literature on verb doubling in predicate clefts, also occurs in the nominal domain and can be successfully analyzed with existing theoretical machinery.
The Sense of Smell in Brazilian Justice
Authors: de Oliveira Fornasier Mateus
Published: December 2023

The sense of smell and its importance to society is studied in this chapter, mainly focusing on legal interpretations as a case study to demonstrate the irritations between different social systems in particular science and law. The research draws mainly on three research methods: phenomenological-hermeneutical, historical-evolutive, and inductive; its approach is transdisciplinary, quantitative and qualitative. Its technique of research is bibliographical and documental.
Law’s Stench: Antigone’s Materialist Approach to Law
Authors: Reyna Zachary Low
Published: December 2023

This chapter offers an experimental, olfactory reading of Sophocles’ Antigone that foregrounds the scent of Polynices’ decomposing corpse to reimagine law and its possibilities. The goal is to highlight a third account of law circulating in the play—irreducible to either Creon’s legal positivist edict or Antigone’s natural law appeal to the gods—and to inquire into its materiality and how legal materialist scholarship might attend to it.
ON THE ASSESSMENT IN PROVING THE SET OF CIRCUMSTANCES THAT CHARACTERIZE LOW SIGNIFICANCE OF A WRONGDOING THAT IS NOT A CRIME DUE TO THE ABSENCE OF DANGER TO THE PUBLIC
Authors:   Perm State University, Borisevich G. Ya.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: currently, the study of issues and related problems of applying Part 2 of Article 14 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation continues to be topical. The article reveals the content of circumstances that characterize a wrongdoing, which externally, presumably contains signs of some crime outlined in the Criminal Code, but is of low significance due to the absence of danger to the public. The conclusion is substantiated about the need to assess the set of evidence as a basis for making a decision on the low significance of a wrongdoing that is not a crime. The circumstances that do not affect the above decision are determined. Recommendations for improving the criminal procedure law and the practice of applying Part 2 of Article 14 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are proposed.
SOME PROBLEMS ARISING IN CONNECTION WITH THE CASSATION APPEAL OF THE APPEAL RULING OF THE REGIONAL COURT IN A CRIMINAL CASE
Authors:   Perm State University, Dobrovlyanina O. V.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: the appeal ruling of the regional court on the annulment of the sentence is an intermediate court decision, since the criminal case was not resolved on its merits. It will be possible to review it in the order of selective cassation. The «dimensionless» terms of the cassation appeal allow interested persons to delay the application of the cassation appeal against the decision of the Court of appeal. However, in all cases – and when such a complaint is made immediately, and when later – there are conflicting points. For example, the appeal is accepted for consideration by the court of cassation instance, which may require the materials of the criminal case. But at the same time, this criminal case was sent from the second instance court to the district court for review. These are problematic issues related to the activities of the courts of cassation, on which the position of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation has not been formed.
INFORMATION AND LOGICAL MODEL OF PROOF FORMATION
Authors:   Perm State University, Pastukhov P. S. ,   Perm Institute of the FPS of Russia
Published: December 2023

Abstract: the article examines the complex nature of the formation of criminal procedural evidence based on several branches of scientific knowledge. The author identifies the stages of the process of proof and examines their content in relation to adversarial criminal proceedings. The author of the article focuses on a complex of epistemological, logical, criminalistic, criminal-procedural branches of scientific knowledge, on the basis of which the final procedural knowledge is obtained on the facts and circumstances of the crime committed. The author considers proof as a unity of cognitive and certifying activity, within the framework of which evidential information is extracted from the environment of reflection, undergoes verification through certifying procedures, withstands the influence of the parties and receives final recognition as a result of an adversarial trial. In the course of the judicial stage of the formation of evidence, the logical nature and psychological basis of the presented evidentiary information are revealed, the relationships and interdependencies between individual facts, phenomena, subjects, causes and consequences are revealed. Based on the results of forensic evidence, evidence is given the value of fact-evidence, i.e. procedural knowledge. Understanding evidence as knowledge is important for the law enforcement officer to make a final decision on guilt or innocence.
MEDICAL STERILIZATION OF SEX OFFENDERS: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State Law University, Solovyev A. A. ,   Moscow State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2023

Abstract: in the article, further to the legal issues pertinent to medical sterilization, the author analyzes the legislation that provides for the possibility of sterilizing a legally capable individual that has committed sexual offences. In this regard the author contemplates a relevant worthwhile experience of a range of countries in Asia (i.e. Republic of Korea, Republic of Indonesia, Republic of Turkey), North America (the United States of America) and Europe (Republic of Poland, Czech Republic). The author arrives at a conclusion that despite the disputability of the effectiveness of the procedures examined in the article, different kinds of medical sterilization of sex offenders are not only widely accepted worldwide, but the number of counties practicing these routines keeps on growing.
THE CONCEPT OF A SECURITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA
Authors:   District court of the city of Varna, Baltov R.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: the article is aimed at presenting the securities in the Republic of Bulgaria with their character and nature. There is a differentiation made between the concepts “securities” and “security papers”. The separate functions of a security are indicated. Securities are first reviewed as a document, while describing various opinions about the nature of the document, and then as a bearer of rights, which it can materialize.
IS THE CONDITIONED DEPOSITING (ESCROW) CONTRACT FIDUCIARY?
Authors:   Perm State University, Dorofeeva Ya. V.
Published: December 2023

Annotation: the article is devoted to the debatable question of whether or not a conditioned depositing contract (escrow) is a fiduciary deal. It is concluded that the absence of a uniform scientific understanding of the concept and mandatory features of fiduciary nature of the deals causes difficulties with qualifying escrow contracts as fiduciary. Only those contracts can be recognized as fiduciary in which a fiduciary debtor has a legally significant discretion in performing his obligations with respect to property or interests of the counterparty. According to the general rule, such relations do not result from the conclusion of a conditioned depositing contract. In case the escrow agent is given the authority to use and dispose of the property transferred to him in escrow, the escrow agent may have fiduciary duties.
ADDITIONAL COSTS FOR CHILDREN IN THE LIGHT OF RECENT CHANGES IN RUSSIAN FAMILY LAW
Authors:   Perm State University, Akinfieva V. V.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: the article is devoted to the novella par. 1 p. 1 of Art. 86 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation in terms of the emergence of a new exceptional circumstance, which stipulates that each parent incurs additional costs for the maintenance of minor children and disabled adult children. This circumstance was recognized as the absence of a dwelling place suitable for permanent residence. The specified rule of law was introduced within the framework of the Concept of State Family Policy in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025 in order to protect the housing rights of a minor child in the event of divorce between his parents. The article analyzes the draft Federal Law No. 809049-7 and an explanatory note to it, explaining the functional purpose of the introduced changes; the conclusions of the committees, received on the specified draft law, are considered; explores the main scientific approaches to understanding the category of "additional costs"; provides a critical review of those adopted within the framework of Art. 86 of the RF IC of law enforcement acts.
DYNAMICS OF A CIVIL OBLIGATION FULFILLED THROUGH THE USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES (SMART CONTRACT)
Authors:   Perm State University, Zakharkina A. V.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The article is devoted to a new phenomenon for the Russian legal and economic space – the smart contract. The author of the article, based on the novel of Part 2 of Article 309 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, considers the dynamics of a civil obligation that is fulfilled through the use of information technologies. Thus, the article structurally highlights the parts devoted to the actual dynamics itself, the stage of occurrence of an obligation mediated by a smart contract; the stage of performance of such an obligation through the prism of the principles of performance; as well as the stage of termination of the obligation under study. The paper shows three main scientific approaches that reflect the mechanism of occurrence of an obligation that is fulfilled through the use of information technologies; the legal characteristics of click-wrap and browse-wrap agreements are given; the specifics of the known principles of performance of obligations in the performance of obligations using information technologies are reflected; it is concluded that it is necessary to adapt the law of obligations to digital realities, which is possible without a radical "breaking" of the pandect system of Russian civil law and the key approaches of the legislator to the main legal instruments of civil law.
APPLICATION OF EXPERIMENTAL LEGISLATION: THE EXPERIENCE OF PORTUGAL AND DENMARK
Authors:   Administration of the Khabarovsk Krai, Degtyarev M. V.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: this article is devoted to the application of the experimental approach in legal regulation. The author reveals the essence of the concept of experimental legislation and features of its realization – by describing the experience of a number of foreign states. The empirical basis of the study was the legislation and official documents of Portugal and Denmark. The goal-setting of such research works is associated with the need to recruit the necessary critical mass of foreign experience in design, launch, monitoring and evaluation of experimental regulatory tools. This, in turn, provides us with the necessary empirical normative (as well as judicial) material - for understanding the nature, ontology and prospects of operating with such instruments in public administration. In conclusion, the author turns to the complex and controversial problems of using the method of experimental legislation.
The effects of the English Specific Purpose(ESP) programs on English language skills of employee, job satisfaction and customer orientation in the tourism industry
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Kim Kyung-Won , Lee Gye-Hee , Pae Tae-Il
Published: December 2023

English language skills are required for tourism service employees to satisfy customers' needs and increase revenue from their customer service encounters. Particularly, employees in hotels and various tourism businesses should provide smooth and professional services to foreign tourists, and their English language skills are deeply related to job competency. However, tourism businesses often fail to provide sufficient task-related English education programs to employees, particularly ESP programs that can increase work efficiency. This study aims to understand the current status of employees’ English language skills and English education environments to emphasize the necessity of ESP programs and to provide a framework for developing and operating a curriculum accordingly. Also, the relationship among ESP programs, tourism employees' English language skills, job satisfaction, and customer orientation was examined. A total of 300 respondents completed a professional online survey. Results of the SEM analysis suggested that ESP programs positively influenced the English language skills of tourism employees, resulting in higher job satisfaction and strengthened customer orientation. This study systematically analyzed the structural impacts of in-house English language programs on customer orientation mediated by job satisfaction, a topic that has not been tapped much by tourism researchers. This study will make a meaningful contribution to the literature and also provide practical guidance for various sectors of the tourism industry in Korea.
Effect of the presence of others on the intention to reserve shared accommodation services: Focusing on the moderating effect of social exclusion
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Ko Young Kwan , Choi Choongbeom
Published: December 2023

As interest in the sharing economy continues to grow, shared accommodation services have become increasingly popular in the tourism industry. Hosts advertising on various platforms typically showcase photos that emphasize the distinct features and diversity of their accommodations. Simultaneously, the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic has led to a rise in feelings of social exclusion, with many people experiencing forced or voluntary disconnection from social interactions. This study aims to assess the impact of the presence of others in advertisements, as well as the role of social exclusion, on the intention to book shared accommodation services. We investigated how the inclusion or exclusion of other users in advertisements, against the backdrop of the same accommodation, affects potential customers' booking intentions. This investigation involved differentiating between socially excluded individuals and a control group, by manipulating the level of perceived social exclusion. We then analyzed how the presence of others in the advertisements influenced booking intentions for each group. The findings indicated that for the socially excluded group, the intention to book was significantly higher when advertisements included the presence of other people, compared to those that did not. These insights could be instrumental for hosts in the shared accommodation sector, aiding them in developing more effective advertising strategies to enhance booking intentions.
The characteristics and attitudes of Erik Cohen's tourism research
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Yoon Jung
Published: December 2023

This paper deals more deeply with the tourism research characteristics and attitudes of Erik Cohen, who has made important contributions to the field of tourism studies. Erik Cohen's research methods and perspectives have made a profound impact on modern tourism studies and contributed greatly to the multidimensional interpretation and understanding of tourism phenomena. To bridge the gap between abstract theorizing and empirical reality, Erik Cohen developed a typology that subdivides tourism phenomena into different types based on different criteria. This typology serves as a bridge between theory and reality to understand and explain the complexity of tourism phenomena. Examining tourism phenomena from different perspectives promotes diversity in tourism studies, which helps enrich our understanding of the multifaceted nature of tourism phenomena. In addition, Erik Cohen emphasizes both the social structural aspects of tourism phenomena and the interactions between individuals at the micro level, thus exploring both the macro structures surrounding tourism phenomena and the emotions and behaviors of individuals as subjects of tourism phenomena. This multidimensional approach has helped us to understand the complex interactions of tourism in a more comprehensive way. Erik Cohen also examined the tourism phenomenon as a historical process, attempting to understand the temporal and spatial context of tourism and how it has been developed and perfected. These features make Erik Cohen's work of great value to tourism studies, and his passion for research and deep love for tourism phenomena are great inspirations to Korean tourism researchers to explore tourism phenomena more deeply by considering various perspectives and contextual aspects in tourism studies. In the future, it is hoped that Korean researchers will emulate Cohen's research methods and attitudes to further develop tourism research.
ANALYSIS OF MODERN METHODS FOR DIAGNOSIS OF GAS PISTON UNITS WITH SYNCHRONOUS GENERATORS AT OIL PRODUCTION FACILITIES
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Zayniev Azat V. , Shaydullin Vener F. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Khakimyanov Marat I. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University
Published: December 2023

Relevance One of the best available technologies for the utilization of associated petroleum gas and the generation of electrical energy is the use of gas piston units at oil and gas production enterprises. At the same time, limited funds for equipment repairs and unfavorable external conditions often force industrial enterprises to switch to a repair strategy based on technical condition. The type of organization of repairs based on the technical condition of the main power and electrical equipment can be used if the electric power industry entity has technical diagnostic tools and an automated system for monitoring the technical condition of the main equipment, which is a hardware and software complex that ensures the process of remote monitoring and control of the condition of the equipment and (or) object (operating equipment), its diagnosis and prediction of changes in technical condition based on collected data (historical data on the condition of the equipment) and operational data received from data collection systems installed on the equipment. At the same time, when organizing repairs based on the technical condition of equipment, the list and scope of repair measures should be determined based on the results of the performed monitoring and diagnosis of its technical condition. Thus, diagnostics and assessment of the technical condition, the emergency shutdown of which can cause the shutdown of the oil-producing well stock, is an important task, the solution of which helps to reduce operating costs, increase reliability, reduce the number of emergencies, reduce costs and losses of working time associated with unscheduled repairs of equipment and technological problems. Aim of research The aime of the study is to analyze the current methods for diagnosing gas piston units, as well as promising technologies in the field of diagnostics. Methods Analytical review of scientific literature. Results The article analyzes methods for technical diagnostics of gas piston units with synchronous alternating current generators, taking into account their advantages and disadvantages. Promising directions for the development of diagnostic systems of electrical machines are considered.
SYNTHESIS OF FUZZY LOGIC ROUGHNESS CONTROL SYSTEM BY MATLAB SIMULINK SOFTWARE PACKAGE
Authors:   Tyumen Industrial University, Khamitov Rustam N. , Zykin Pavel V. ,   Tyumen Industrial University
Published: December 2023

Relevance The process of processing a part by cutting is constantly complicated. This is due to the fact that as a result, it is most often necessary to obtain a part of difficult profile shape, and its surfaces must correspond to a high quality of accuracy with a minimum error. The process of turning complex parts is implemented under the conditions of using undetected cutting indicators. In order to control and influence their changes, it is advisable to use a specialized roughness control system. Aim of research The main aims of the research develop a fuzzy logic roughness management system using the MATLAB SIMULINK software package. Research methods To achieve computer-automated modeling, control system development methods were used. In particular, the MATLAB SIMULINK software package was used. Results As part of the study, MATLAB SIMULINK synthesized a system for controlling roughness when machining a part with a CNC lathe. The simulated process of the system has shown the effectiveness of its application, which is expressed in the accurate receipt of the required roughness parameters during part processing. The required values are achieved by adjusting the longitudinal feed drive and the speed of the cutting tool.