bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medical ethics and compliance amongst physician groups: a self-assessed survey in a hospital in Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Godfrey Ochonma Ogbonnia , Olive Chjioke Udunma , Agorye  Ingwu Justin , Adolf Nwankwor Chikezie , Henry-Arize Ifeyinwa
Published: October 2023

Background: Being a doctor remains a moral enterprise as he is expected to make some medical decisions based on ethical principles during encounter with patients.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the knowledge and application of medical ethical principles amongst physician groups in a Hospital in Enugu, Nigeria.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional self-assessed study conducted amongst medical doctors in five specialty groups in a teaching hospital in Enugu, Nigeria.Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to summarize the items and determine whether significant differences on knowledge and application of medical ethics existed amongst the physician groups in the treatment of patients.

Findings: Observance and compliance with medical ethical conduct was highest among doctors that were aged 55 years and above. In sex, male doctors had higher ethical conduct compliance than female doctors. Comparing the doctors by rank, medical officers, consultants and senior registrars respectively had the highest ethical conduct.

Conclusions: Knowledge and practice of medical ethics were mostly deficient among younger Nigerian and female doctors. Remedying the situation will require better curricula both at the undergraduate and post-graduate medical school programmes for doctor trainees. Requiring certification in bioethics for license renewal will also help in resolving and improving the knowledge gap.

Keywords: Professional; ethical; conduct; doctors; patients; survey; Nigeria; hospital.
Erratum to: colorectal cancer in a region of western of Algeria: results of 581 cases in 5 years
Authors: Dahmani Bouchra , Boublenza Lamia , Chabni Naffissa , Behar Dalale , Hassaine Hafida , Masdoua Nabila , Nahet Amira , Meguenni Kaouel , Zatla Ilyes
Published: October 2023

NIL.
Morphological variations of the pterion among skulls at the Galloway Osteological Collection in the Department of Human Anatomy Makerere University
Authors: Nabukalu Joyce , James Kiwanuka , Michael Okello , Gonzaga Kirum G. , Mwaka Erisa , Ochieng Joseph
Published: October 2023

Background: The pterion is an important anatomical landmark in anatomy, neurosurgery, radiology, and forensic examinations. The  region is prone to damage following blunt trauma of the head. Although the structure varies with age, sex and ethnicity, this has not  been documented in the Ugandan setting. The study set out to describe the morphological variations of the pterion among skulls in the  Galloway Osteological Collection at the Department of Anatomy, Makerere University.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional  study that examined human skulls for the type of pterion, the distance between the center of the pterion and mid zygomatic arch, and  the distance between the center of the pterion and the frontozygomatic suture. The measurements were conducted using a digital  Vernier caliper. Data was analyzed using the Welch t-test and student t-test.

Results: A total of 65 skulls were studied, the sphenoparietal  type of pterion was the commonest 65.4%. The pterion in females was located more posteriorly from the frontozygomatic suture  compared to that of males, however the p-value was 0.10. The distance from pterion to zygomatic arch and frontozygomatic suture  showed variations with age and nationality.

Conclusion: The Pterion exhibited variations which need to be considered during    examinations and operations of the region.
Influence of Principals’ Instructional Supervisory Practices on Teacher Motivation in Secondary Schools in Turkana West, Turkana County Kenya
Authors: Ekitoe James Napeikar , Kimotho Michael M , Atoni Rose
Published: October 2023

The study investigated on the influence of principals’ supervisory practices on teacher motivation in secondary schools in Turkana West Sub County. Embedded design was adopted. The target population comprised of all; secondary schools, principals, board of management, teachers and field education officers. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used. Data was collected using focused group discussions, in-depth interviews guides and questionnaires. Quantitative data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics while qualitative data was analyzed using transcription, coding, categorizing and coming up with themes. The study results revealed that principals’ supervisory practices had positive correlation to teacher motivation. It further established that positive effect of the principals’ supervisory practices on teacher motivation were impeded by financial constraints faced by principals. The study recommended that principals should adopt clinical and collegial supervisory practices. That principals should involve teachers in collective goal setting as well as awarding outstanding teachers’ performance. The study also recommended that principals should initiate income generating projects in schools and involve parents’ teachers’ association in raising funds to ease financial constraints that impede supervisory practices that mitigate on teacher motivation.
Examination of functional ankle instability in soccer players: a prospective study
Authors: Ünver Gülşah , KOCAMAN Hikmet , Eroğlu Hüseyin
Published: October 2023

AimThe foot area is one of the most active body parts in soccer branch. There may be various loads on the foot in soccer players and ankle instability may be occur. The present study aimed to evaluate functional ankle instability in soccer players and examine it in terms of some variables.Methods A total of 175 male soccer players were included in the present study. The ankle instability of soccer players was evaluated with the Identification of Functional Ankle Instability (IdFAI) scale.Results It was determined that 35.4% of the soccer players had functional ankle instability in their right foot, 29.7% in their left foot, and 46.3% on at least one side. The average IdFAI total score of the all players was 9.39±6.18 for the right side and 8.20±5.55 for the left side. When the soccer players were evaluated regarding the position they played, it was determined that the mean of the IdFAI total score for both feet was higher in the midfielders. Conclusions It is thought that the results of the study may contribute to the determination of risk factors for the foot part and shed light on the development of prevention strategies for injuries in soccer players.
Is it possible to predict Surgical Site Infection?
Authors: Erciyestepe Sezgi Gullu , Boran Ahmet Birtan , Yildirim Merve Sezer , Erciyestepe Mert
Published: October 2023

IntroductionSurgical site infection (SSI) is a widely seen postoperative complication that causes a decrease in life quality and an economic burden. In this study, we aim to find the predictive values of preoperative and postoperative neutrophile lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) values for SSI.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 698 patients who had total abdominal hysterectomy operations with benign indications and confirmed histopathological results were accessed. In this study, the correlation of preoperative NLR, preoperative PLR, postoperative NLR, and postoperative PLR, with the occurrence of postoperative surgical site infection complications were examined. Results The overall SSI rate was 9.46% (n = 66) with 30 days follow-up postoperatively. Preoperative NLR and PLR values of the patients who had SSIs were significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). Postoperative NLR and PLR values of the patients who had SSIs were significantly higher than control group (p < 0.05). In the patients who had postoperative SSIs, the increase of the values of postoperative NLR and PLR were significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsIn our study, hematological markers of NLR and PLR were found to be independent and significant predictive markers for SSI.
Forced convection heat transfer in micro heat sinks with square and circular configuration
Authors: Godi N. Y. , Zhengwuvi L. B. , Petinrin M. O.
Published: October 2023

This paper reports the results of three-dimensional numerical optimisation of microchannel heat exchanger with square and circular cooling channels. The objective of the optimisation is to maximise the global thermal conductance or minimise global thermal resistance. Response surface optimisation methodology (RSM) is used in the numerical optimisation. A high-density heat flux (2.5×106W/m2) is imposed at the bottom surface of the unit cell microchannel and numerical simulation carried out using ANSYS Fluent commercial software package.The elemental volume and axial length N=10mm of the microchannel were all fixed, while the width was free to morph. The cooling technique employs single-phase water which flows through the rectangular block microchannel heat sink to remove the heat at the bottom of the microchannels in a forced convection laminar flow regime. The velocity of the fluid pumped across the microchannel axial length is the range 400≤Rew≤500. Finite volume method (FVM) is used to descretised the computational domain and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) code employed to solve a series of governing equations. The effect of channel hydraulic diameter and Reynolds number of water-flow on peak wall temperature and minimised temperature are investigated and reported. The numerical results show that the microchannel with square cooling channel has the highest maximised global thermal conductance than the micro heat sink with circular configuration. The result of the numerical study agrees with what is in the open literature.
Hydro-geochemical characterization and groundwater modelling of the subsurface around Ughelli West Engineered Dumpsite in the Western Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Aweto K. E. , Ohwohere-Asuma O. , Ovwamuedo G. , Atiti P. C.
Published: October 2023

Geoelectric, geochemical investigation, and groundwater modelling were integrated in areas surrounding the Ughelli West Engineered dumpsite in the Western Niger Delta. The study focused on assessing the environmental impact of the dumpsite on its surrounding groundwater. The geochemical analyses revealed that the leachates generated from the dumpsite have significant potential to contaminate the surrounding environment. The BOD5/COD ratio was less than 0.1, indicating that the dumpsite is old with stabilized leachate of low biodegradability and in the methanogenic phase of anaerobic degradation. The groundwater chemistry in monitoring wells outside the dumpsite and at other control sites showed no significant impact of the dumpsite on groundwater quality. Groundwater models showed groundwater flow in the north-western direction and significant vertical movement of contaminants up to depths of about 60 m beneath the dumpsite after a period of 3 years. The contaminant plume, however, had not moved considerably laterally away from the dumpsite. The location of the dumpsite within areas of low vulnerability due to the presence of clay/sandy clay between 1.3 and 6 m thick around the dumpsite limited the lateral migration of leachate in groundwater.
Ameliorative effects of Cnestis ferruginea root extract on carbon tetrachloride nephrotoxicity in albino Wistar rats
Authors: Okoro E. O.
Published: October 2023

The objective of this research was to assess the potential protective properties of ethanol extract derived from Cnestis ferruginea against the toxic effects by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in the kidneys of rats. In this study, male albino Wistar rats were pre-treated with C. ferruginea at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) on a daily basis for a duration of 14 days. Subsequently, a single dosage of CCl4 was administered intraperitoneally on the 7th day of the experiment. The rats were euthanized 24 hours after they were subjected to treatments using the extract on the 15th day. Subsequently, serum and kidneys were obtained and utilized for the analysis of biochemical parameters. Rats grouped as the control which were administered CCl4 experienced kidney damage, as indicated by a statistically significant increase (P < 0.05) in the measured parameters (urea, creatinine, uric acid in serum and malondialdehyde in kidney tissue), and a significant reduction in the levels of oxidative stress marker enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase). It is worth noting that the administration of C. ferruginea to rats exposed to CCl4 resulted in a significant reversal of the aforementioned changes, bringing them closer to a state of normalcy. The result obtained from this study suggest that C. ferruginea possess therapeutic properties which could protect the kidney against renal deterioration and its associated dysfunction.
Commutativity of prime rings with multiplicative (generalized- reversed) derivation
Authors: Rumah Hafsat Mohammed , Balogun Funmilola , Yusuf Tasiu Abdullahi
Published: October 2023

No Abstract
Comparing some panel data estimators in the presence of autocorrelation
Authors: Ajao K. , Adenomon M.O. , Adehi M.U.
Published: October 2023

In this work, panel data that were characterized by features of no first order autocorrelation was modelled using three estimation models: Pool Regression, Fixed Effect, Random Effect models. Panel data like other aspects of econometrics, exploits regression analysis  as one of the statistical tools to formulate and illustrate models. The regression analysis requires some assumptions which, if violated,  results to one problem or the other. In such case, the Pooling method of estimation remains linear, unbiased and normally distributed  but might not be efficient as the estimates of the parameters might become indeterminate, the confidence intervals may be too wide and  the standard errors might become large. Simulation studies were carried out at different panel structures and autocorrelation level.  The experiment was repeated for 10,000 times and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) was used to judge the performance of the models.  The results from this work showed that for small sample panel structure N = 25, T = 5 and n = 5, irrespective of autocorrelation levels,  fixed effect model is preferable at all level. But when moderate for N = 50, T = 10, n = 5, irrespective of autocorrelation level, random effect  model is preferred, while for large panel structure for N = 450, T = 30, n = 15, irrespective of autocorrelation level, random effect  model is preferred.
A statistical study of wind speed and its connectivity with relative humidity and temperature in Ughelli, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Siloko I.U. , Uddin O.O.
Published: October 2023

One of the vital climatic parameters with significant roles in many natural phenomena is wind. The importance of wind cannot be overemphasized due to its role as a source of renewable energy. The understanding of wind is of great importance particularly for the  purpose of prediction and management of severe weather events. However, wind as a climatic parameter depends on relative humidity  and temperature as well as other weather parameters and several statistical approaches such as time series analysis, extreme value  analysis and spatial analysis have been used to analyze wind speed data. This study uses the kernel density method in analyzing wind  speed in Ughelli, Delta State and its connection with relative humidity and temperature using the Gaussian kernel function for a period of  five consecutive years from 2018 to 2022. The performance measure employ is the asymptotic mean integrated squared error (AMISE)  with the Pearson R test that measures the strength of the relationship that exists between parameters. The results of the investigation  with regards to the AMISE shows that 2018 recorded best performance with wind speed and relative humidity while 2021 recorded best  performance for wind speed and temperature but 2019 recorded unsatisfactory outcomes for wind speed and the two parameters. This  implies that human activities that depend on these parameters for their performance did best in 2018 and 2021 respectively.  Furthermore, in terms of connectivity, wind speed and relative humidity are negatively correlated in 2018 and 2022 but positively  correlated in 2019, 2020 and 2021 while wind speed and temperature are negatively correlated which implies that as temperature  increases, wind speed decreases.
Green synthesis of eco-friendly potassium nanoparticles and its application in Amarathus viridis, Solanum lycopersocum and Hibiscus sabdariffa plants
Authors: Aliyu Nathan D. , Wyasu Gideon , Myek Bako , Yakasai Jamila B.
Published: October 2023

Potassium Chloride and Polyalthia longifolia leaves extract were used for the synthesis of Eco-friendly Potassium Nanoparticles for application in Amarathus viridis, Solanum lycopersocum and Hibiscus sabdariffa. The synthesized Nanoparticles were characterized by  scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The SEM revealed a size range of  200nm with a near spherical shape synthesized Nanoparticles. Whereas EDX revealed an elemental composition of 19% Potassium, 4.46%  Chlorine, 33.04% Carbon, 28.31% Oxygen and 14.30% Iron. FTIR revealed four distinctive at 3235.3cm-1, 2109.7cm-1, 1640.0cm-1 and  1069.7cm-1 for Polyalthia longifolia potassium particles (Pl-KNPs). There were significant increase in all the folia applied Pl-KNPs when determined and compared with the controlled plants: Amaranthus viridis leaves recorded the highest increase with 56.81%, Solanum lycopersocum recorded the highest stem increase with 46.15%, while Hibiscus sabdariffa recorded the overall highest percentage with  224.27% attributed to its root length. This distinctive increase observed on the selected folia applied Pl-KNPs plants parameters is a  confirmation of the significance of green synthesized potassium Nanoparticles in the field of agriculture.
The effect of alkali treatment on the mechanical properties of date seed particulates waste polypropylene filled composites
Authors: Lawal N. , Danladi A. , Dauda B. , Kogo A. , Baba M.A. , Busuguma U.
Published: October 2023

Date seeds collected as waste were reduced to 63 µm particles and treated with NaOH (aq) at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 %. The extent of chemical  modification was assessed using FTIR analysis. The waste polypropylene (wPP)/date seed particles (DSP) composites filled with untreated  and treated particles at 20 % filler loadings were fabricated using compounding and compression moulding techniques by  means of two rolls mill. Tensile, flexural, impact tests and hardness (HV) were conducted and evaluated. Subsequently, a morphological  study of the fractured surface of the composites was achieved using SEM. The application of alkali treatment enhanced various properties  of the composites at the optimal concentration of 10 % w/v. Specifically, the tensile strength, flexural strength, elongation at  break, impact strength, and hardness were improved, resulting in values of 28.86 MPa, 140 MPa, 172.5 %, 0.92 J/m², and 23.8 Hv,  respectively. While tensile and flexural moduli showed a decrease with increasing alkali concentration. The SEM of the fractured surface  of the treated composite revealed a better dispersion of filler particles within the matrix with no cluster seen compared to the untreated.
Investigation of heavy metals contaminantion level in the locally cultivated rice using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)
Authors: Yalwa Lawan Musa , Durumin-Iya Sani Garba , Abdulhamid Abdulhamid Mikail , Uzair Muhammad , Adamu Suleiman Bashir , Shitu Ibrahim Garba
Published: October 2023

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a stable food in many countries in the world including Africa. The present of heavy metals in the environment which  are toxics affect the nutritional value of the rice. The accumulation of heavy metals in the body may lead to different health problems  such as cancer, diabetes, liver and kidney failure. The study was conducted to access the presence of some selected heavy metals (Pb, Cu,  Cd, As, Ni, Zn) in rice sample using atomic absorption spectroscopy technique. Five sample of rice (EXCHINA, CP, WHEETER-4,  ROBBER, and YERMALINTA) which were cultivated in Damashewa village of Kirikasamma local government area were collected. Wet  digestion method was used to destroy organic matter in the sample. The result of analysis showed that the concentration of Zinc( Zn) in  all the four sample of rice range from (16.50-36.02mg/kg) and that of Cadmium Cd ( 0.05-0.18mg/kg) and that of copper Cu  (7.02-22.20mg/kg) which is far below the safety limit of 50-100mg/kg for zinc and 0.4mg/kg for cadmium, and copper is 73.3mg/kg set up  by the FAO/WHO (2001), this could lead to anaemia, renal damage, bones disorder and cancer of the lungs. While the concentration of  lead Pb (3.57- 16.24mg/kg), nickel Ni (2.50-11.24mg/kg) and that of Arsenic As (0.98-4.33mg/kg) is also above the set safety limit of  0.3mg/kg for lead. Based on this research all rice sample were highly contaminated with lead, arsenic and nickel as a pollutant. Thus, the need for physical examination of the consumers and inhabitants within the study area.
Health risk assessment of heavy metals in the sources of drinking water in parts of Obubra Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Kamgba F.A. , Okang L.O. , Abong A.A.
Published: October 2023

This study examined health assessment of heavy metals in the sources of drinking water in parts of Obubra Local Government Area of  Cross River State, Nigeria. Twenty five (25) water samples were collected with ten (10) from borehole, eight (8) from spring and seven (7)  from dug-well. The samples were analysed using standard laboratory methods. The results showed that Zn had the highest chronic daily  intake for infant, child and adult and Cd the highest hazard quotient in borehole, spring and dug - well water. This indicates that infant is  more vulnerable to health risk followed by child and least by adult. The carcinogenic risk results of Cd and Cr contamination were greater  than the permissible range of ≤1 x 10-6 to 1 x 10-4 indicating that the water sources are polluted with Cd and Cr. It was recommended  that there should be awareness programmes on hygienic practices and pretreatment of water before use. Also the Cross River State  Board Limited should supply quality water to the inhabitants and monitor their sources of drinking water.
Jaceosidin inhibits NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis by activating SIRT1/NRF2 and ameliorating intestinal epithelial cell injury
Authors: Lv Yifei , Qiu Ting , Niu Lu
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Jaceosidin in ulcerative colitis (UC).Methods: An ulcerative colitis cell model was established by stimulating normal human colon mucosal epithelial cell lines (NCM460 cells) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The cells were treated with 5, 10, 20 or 40 μM Jaceosidin. Cell viability was performed using cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) assay. Oxidative stress was measured with superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxidation MDA, reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and human myeloperoxidase enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) kits. The mRNA levels were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay, while protein levels of SIRT1, NRF2, NLRP3, caspase-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were determined by western blotting.Results: Jaceosidin significantly inhibited oxidative stress and accumulation of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced NCM460 cells, as well as NLRP3-mediated cell pyroptosis (p < 0.05). Jaceosidin also inhibited activation of NLRP3 inflammasome by activating SIRT1/NRF2 pathway, thereby preventing NCM460 cell pyroptosis.Conclusion: Jaceosidin inhibits NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis, thus suggesting that jaceosidin is a potential lead for UC secondary to NLRP3 inflammasome.
Effect of Tiaoxie Yizhi Formula combined with atomoxetine and biofeedback therapy of school-age children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Yao Wanyan , Cai Jing , Liang Guanjun , Li Mingding , Su Min
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Tiaoxie Yizhi Formula combined with atomoxetine and biofeedback therapy on the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham-IV Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) score as well as Clinical Global Impression (CGI) score of school-age children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods: Clinical data of 85 school-age children with ADHD who were admitted to Dushu Lake Hospital from April 2019 to June 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients treated with biofeedback therapy and atomoxetine for 1 month were defined as control group (n = 42), while those treated with Tiaoxie Yizhi Formula in addition to what was given control group were defined as study group (n = 43). Efficacy, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) symptom scores, SNAP-IV score, CGI score and cerebral electrophysiological indices were compared between the groups. The scores of the main and secondary syndromes were also compared between two groups.Results: Treatment response rate in study group was significantly higher than in control group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in scores of the main syndromes and secondary syndromes, SNAP-IV score or CGI score between the two groups before treatment (p > 0.05). However, scores of the two groups decreased significantly after treatment, and study group had significantly lower scores than control group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in sensorimotor rhythms (SMR) waves, β waves, or θ waves between the two groups before and after treatment (p > 0.05).Conclusion: Tiaoxie Yizhi Formula plus atomoxetine plus biofeedback therapy improves ADHDsymptoms more tha n biofeedback therapy and atomoxetine combination as shown by the reduction in TCM, SNAP-IV and CGI scores. However, investigations will need to be carried out using a larger sample size in order to validate these findings.
Relationship among serum TIMP-1, sCD40L and peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Yong Zhang , Feng Bai
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To determine the correlation of serum TIMP-1 and sCD40L with peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and potential targets for pharmacological intervention.Methods: The study enrolled 97 subjects with T2DM. The 41 subjects with simple diabetes were classified as T2DM group, while 56 subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) were included in the DPN group. A control group consisting of 50 healthy volunteers who conducted health checks during a similar time-period was also included. Clinical data and parameters were compared among the three groups, and TIMP-1 and sCD40L levels were determined. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors affecting DPN. The diagnostic value of TIMP-1 and sCD40L in DPN was also determined.Results: Body mass index (BMI) varied among the three groups (p < 0.05), but age or gender were not significantly different (p < 0.05). Duration of diabetes was longer in DPN group than in T2DM group (p < 0.05). The study also revealed statistically significant differences in fasting blood glucose (FBS), postprandial blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin among the three groups. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) were important factors that affected the occurrence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (p < 0.05).Conclusion: TIMP-1 and sCD40L levels reflect neurovascular injury in patients with diabetes, with potential as targets for pharmacological intervention for peripheral neuropathy. These findings espouse crucial clinical implications for early identification and treatment in type 2 diabetes.
Utilizing cloud-based technology to construct a precise network management model for statin therapy in Alzheimer's disease - A meta-analysis
Authors: Zeng Chaosheng , Xing Huaijie , Chen Min , Chen Lin , Li Pengxiang , Wu Xiaowen , Huang Shaozhu
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To investigate the use and applications of Internet cloud technology to construct a network management model for statin therapy in Alzheimer’s disease in Hainan Province.Method: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with statins were employed in this study. Computerized searches were conducted using PubMed, EM-BASE, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG Data, and Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM) retrieval systems, with a retrieval timeframe of April 2012. After literature screening, data extraction, and quality evaluation, Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.1.0 software.Results: A total of 827 publications were obtained, and 3 RCTs were included after the full texts were studied. While there was no significant advantage of statin use at 3 and 6 months after intervention, the study group exhibited higher Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores than the control group one year later (p < 0.05). Also, statin use did not have a significant effect on Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scores one year after intervention (p < 0.05). The occurrence of adverse reactions in the two groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).Conclusion: The use of Internet cloud technology for building an Alzheimer’s disease network management system simplifies the process of Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis and treatment, and reduces the cost of Alzheimer’s disease services.
Network pharmacology study on mechanism involved in the use of YuShu Soup for the treatment of exertional heatstroke
Authors: Dong Jing , Yang Zheng , Fan Chen
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To investigate the underlying mechanisms of action of YuShu Soup in exertional heatstroke (EHS) treatment.Methods: This study utilized network pharmacology analysis, applied STRING database to collect compound targets, and visualized protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Furthermore, EHS model was established on rats, and physiological indices and serum biochemical indicators were evaluated. Thereafter, morphological and histological assessments were carried out on renal tissues.Results: The PPI network indicated that JUN, AKT1, MAPK3, MAPK1, STAT3, RXRA, CTNNB1, and RELA may be the vital proteins which YuShu Soup acts on. In terms of mechanism, YuShu Soup regulates the protein expression of HSP90 and Akt/Bcl-xL pathway significantly (p < 0.01).Conclusion: YuShu Soup alleviates symptoms of EHS and apoptosis of renal cells in rats by regulating HSP90 and Akt/Bcl-xL pathway, thereby alleviating kidney damage. These findings shed light on the prevention and treatment of EHS with this traditional Chinese prescription.
Effect of allogeneic platelet-rich plasma on the healing of ulcer wound surface in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Chen Yueze , Liu Xiaowei , Hu Kesu
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of allogeneic platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on ulcer wound surface in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Methods: A total of 20 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were procured as skin ulcer as well as diabetes models, and randomly divided into control and PRP groups, respectively. Their wound surfaces were smeared with 0.9 % normal saline or an equal concentration of allogeneic PRP, respectively, and the pathological changes in the wound tissues were examined with the aid of hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Also, the expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) in wound tissues were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: Both purulent exudation and swelling of the wound surface were milder in the PRP group than in the control group, and the PRP group showed greater redness on the wound surface and more pronounced signs of epithelialization of the wound surface and its margins (p < 0.05). Wound healing rate in PRP group was higher than in the control group while the number of fibroblasts and new microvessels in the wound surface in the PRP group were greater than in the control group, accompanied by slighter inflammatory response compared to the control group. Furthermore, the PRP group expressed lower MMP-2, MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratio, and higher TGF-β1 and TIMP-2 levels than in the control group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Allogeneic PRP treatment contributes to the healing of ulcer wound surface in diabetic rats, a process mediated by TGF-β1/MMP-2/TIMP-2 signaling pathway. Thus, PRP is a potential therapeutic agent for the management of diabetic ulcer wounds.
Effects of different electrolytes on the structure and yield ofgraphene oxide produced via electrochemical exfoliation
Authors: Adigun Oluwole , Umoru Lasisi Egibunu , Iwatan Temidayo Nancy
Published: October 2023

The most suitable electrolyte for graphene oxide synthesis, in terms of both production efficiency and quality, using the electrochemical exfoliation technique has been investigated and reported in this study. Simultaneous anodic and cathodic graphene oxide production using ten (10) different electrolytes, including acids (H2SO4, HCl, HNO3), bases (KOH, Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, NaOH), and salts (NaCl, (NH4)2SO4, K2SO4), was studied under the same experimental conditions of bias voltage, graphite nature, exfoliation time, electrolyte molarity, and post-exfoliation treatments. Assessment of the graphene oxide structures and production rates was supported using Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), and EDS (energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy), attached to the scanning electron microscope. Analysis of the results obtained reveals that H2SO4 showed the highest graphene oxide yield (86%) but with comparably low graphene oxide quality in terms of defect concentration, presence of oxygen functional group contamination, and crystallite properties. The aqueous NaCl, Ca(OH)2 and Mg(OH)2 electrolytes did not show any graphene oxide exfoliation effect. However, from the series of electrolytes examined, aqueous (NH4)2SO4 exhibited an excellent combination of efficient graphene oxide yield and high-quality characteristics due to its relatively high yield of 74% and superior quality of the produced graphene oxide with the comparatively lowest defect density, ?D, and highest C/O (carbon-to-oxygen) ratio. The tortuous, agglomerated, and planar layers of the distinct 2D graphene oxide sheets were also clearly revealed by the SEM images. In essence, the roles played by dissociated sulfate (SO42?), nitrate (NO32?), chlorides (Cl?), and hydroxides (OH?) ions in the series of complex electrochemical reactions toward the intercalation, exfoliation, yield, and properties of graphene oxide produced are discussed. From the series of electrolytes tested, aqueous (NH4)2SO4 emerged as the most relatively suitable electrolyte for the synthesis of graphene oxide because it combines both high yield and fine quality.
A Review of Hair Anatomy and Animal Models for Alopecia
Authors: Lakshmi N Sree , K Shravan , P Anusha , babu P Veeresh , Raju M Ganga
Published: October 2023

Hair is part of the integumentary system and it sits in the hair follicle, which extends into the skin. Hair serves several functions, including protecting the skin and regulating body temperature. Understanding the hair growth cycle is crucial as it is a complex process that involves four distinct phases: Anagen, Catagen, Telogen, and Exogen. These phases are regulated by various factors, such as hormones and genetics. An imbalance in the hair growth cycle can lead to hair loss or Alopecia, Various etiological factors cause hair loss; these include genetic factors, hormonal imbalances, medication, poor diet intake, smoking and environmental factors. In general, alopecia classified into Alopecia areata, Androgenic alopecia, Alopecia universalis, Involutional alopecia, Telogen effluvium, Trichotillomania, and Scarring alopecia. Several animal models have been utilized to study the pathophysiology of Alopecia. These models include mice, and rats similar to human hair and physiology used to study the pathway of Alopecia. Based on the type of Alopecia, animal models differ as androgenic Alopecia occurs due to testosterone sensitivity or due to the Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) hormone, chemotherapy-induced alopecia and alopecia areata by using transgenic animals and C3H/HeJ mice models. The present review provides insight into the anatomy and physiology of the hair and utilizes animal models which can aid in developing new treatment approaches for Alopecia.
PROBLEMS OF LIVESTOCK FARMERS IN KOLAR DISTRICT
Authors: Dr.S.Jayalakshmi Priya
Published: October 2023

Livestock farming refers to domesticated animals raised in a rural setting to provide produce and labour and products for consumption such as meat milk fur leather eggs and wool. India is the worlds largest livestock owner having about 535.78 million. In India livestock has contributed 4.11% of the GDP In this study livestock farmers taken for sampling are breeders of cows, buffaloes, goats and sheep. The main place where the interview took place was the Kolar and Bangapet cattle jatre or cattle fair which takes place from morning 4:00 AM and goes on till the next day 7:00 AM. Many of these cattle rearing farmers were selected as samples from 20 villages of four talukas namely Kplar, Bangapet, Mulbagal and Srinivaspur.. The research problem pointed to agriculture becoming more mechanized resulting in more fertile grasslands coming under cultivation. Research methodology consisted of using both primary as well as secondary data. Primary data was collected by means of the questionnaire and interview method and secondary data was collected from previously published articles and government reports. Sampling design comprised of simple random sampling and percentage method was used to analyze the collected data. The findings showed that the lack of safe shelter which could save the livestock from snakes, raccoons and other wild animals was not there. Certain remedies were suggested. To conclude these livestock farmers were an unhappy lot and wanted their basic problems of water scarcity and lack of fodder to be addressed.
Penataan Kawasan Wisata Pantai Berbasis Komunitas Nelayan di Pantai Bintang Kabupaten Lombok Utara
Authors: Jayatri Pascaghana , Zaedar Gazalba, ST., MT.  , Giska Ayu Pradana Putri Kamase, ST.  , Fauza Hastati, ST., MT.  , Aldhi Nugraha Anantama, S. Arch., M.Arch.
Published: October 2023

The arrangement of coastal areas as tourist attractions in Medana Village, Tanjung subdistrict, North Lombok Regency has been massively developed in line with the economic revival of North Lombok after the devastating earthquake in 2018 and Covid-19 in 2020. Bintang Beach is one of the tourist destinations. Local mainstays along the Medane coastal area with infrastructure built in 2016 were also affected by the earthquake, it is necessary to reorganize the area so that it becomes vital again and can be integrated with the coastal area to the north and fishermen's settlements to the south. The problems studied in this research are direction and concept of structuring coastal areas based on fishing communities, as well as the design of structuring models that can be applied as a basic reference for restructuring areas in future development. The method used is Qualitative Descriptive with primary data collection techniques using direct site surveys, and secondary data in the form of related policy references. Analysis is carried out by exploring the potential of the area through a tourism component approach, and SWOT analysis to project facility needs and tourism sustainability strategies. The concept results obtained were 8 regional planning concepts. The model design a regional master plan with a fishing community-based approach.
REDESAIN GEDUNG TERMINAL UBUNG DENGAN PENDEKATAN ECO-FUTURISTIC
Authors: Yosef Edric Chance Immanuel
Published: October 2023

Terminal adalah prasarana transportasi jalan untuk keperluan memuat dan menurunkan orang dan atau barang serta mengatur kedatangan dan pemberangkatan kendaraan umum yang merupakan salah satu wujud simpul jaringan transportasi.Proses Perancangan Kembali Terminal Ubung Kota Denpasar ini menggunakan acuan standar dari SPM (Standar Pelayanan Minimum)Terminal Angkutan Umum Tahun 2012, Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor: 31 Tahun 1995 Tentang Terminal Transportasi Jalan dan menggunakan tema Eco-Futuristic Architecture untuk di terapkan di Gedung Terminal Ubung .Tema ini diharapkan dapat memperbaiki kekurangan yang ada pada Terminal Ubung ini sehingga dapat sebuah perancangan terminal baru dan sesuai dengan tema yang dapat memfasilitasi/melayani semua golongan masyarakat dalam melakukan aktifitas moda transportasi dengan baik dan lancar. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif, sebagai prosedur riset yang memanfaatkan data deskriptif, berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan dari orang-orang dan pelaku yang dapat diamati. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan survei kelapangan serta mewawancarai beberapa pengguna fasilitas dan pengelola dari terminal.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses penerapan konsep dari Gedung Terminal Ubung di Kota Denpasar,dan untuk merancang kembali terminal bus Ubung dengan tema eco-futuristic
Ausentismo de trabajadores, repercusión en cumplimiento de objetivos institucionales, centro de salud 3 – Loja, Ecuador
Authors: Paredes Quezada Leonardo Augusto , Garate Aguirre Juan Carlos
Published: October 2023

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar los factores de ausentismo de los trabajadores y su influencia en el cumplimiento de los objetivos Institucionales del Centro de Salud No 3 de la Ciudad de Loja Ecuador. La metodología aplicada es de tipo correlacional pues existe un grado de relación entre las variables de investigación (Factores de Ausentismo y Objetivos Institucionales) y explicativa en virtud de que esta investigación responderá a las causas de los eventos, centrándose en el por qué y en qué condiciones ocurren, o la relación entre ellas. Estos factores fueron evaluados entre 40 servidores/trabajadores del Centro de Salud No. 3 de la ciudad de Loja, Ecuador. Se concluyó que el ausentismo en los trabajadores del Centro de salud No 3 de la ciudad de Loja, influye en el cumplimiento de los objetivos institucionales planteados en el Programa Operativo Local de Salud del año 2022, siendo las principales causas la ausencia por enfermedad, vacaciones y permisos por asuntos personales.
Joint position paper from the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) & Committee on Toxicity (COT) on establishing a provisional acceptable daily intake (ADI) for pure form (≥98%) cannabidiol (CBD) in foods, based on new evidence.
Authors: Haynes Ben , Khan Tahmnina , Willis Ruth , Alexander-White Camilla , Boobis Alan
Published: October 2023

Following the announcement by the FSA that from 31st March 2021, all CBD products on the market must have their safety assured by companies submitting a valid safety application, there have been a large number of CBD-related novel food applications. Consequently, a significant level of additional data has become available that requires review. A joint Subgroup of the ACNFP and COT was formed to address a series of questions in relation to the safety of CBD-containing and hemp-derived ingredients. The overarching aim of the Subgroup is to enable the FSA to perform risk assessments for CBD in food. While there are a number of routes of exposure for CBD, the provisional ADI stated in this paper has been established on the basis of oral exposure. The objectives of the Subgroup are to: Review the new data received from the novel food applications. Update previous reviews of CBD safety evidence and provide revised conclusions based on these reviews. Provide advice on whether the data available support identification of an Acceptable Daily Intake for CBD as a food ingredient. 1. This joint position paper by the ACNFP and COT is the outcome of discussions as of March 2023, which have focused on the risk assessment of foods and supplements in which the CBD ingredient itself is at least ≥98% purity. The new position described below provides advice on the safety of ingesting products containing at least ≥98% pure CBD via oral administration only and forms a basis for considering the applications under the Novel Foods Regulation. This advice should not be applied directly to CBD products that are inhaled or applied dermally, nor does it consider exposure from such product types.
O que sabemos sobre os efeitos do exercício físico na demência, excluindo a doença de Alzheimer? a revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos internacionais
Authors: Nunes Nora de Souza Lidia , Torres Vilarino Guilherme , Andrade Alexandro
Published: October 2023

A demência é caracterizada por uma deterioração progressiva das funções cognitivas e físicas além do esperado no envelhecimento normal, o que afeta a qualidade de vida tanto das pessoas afetadas como das pessoas que as rodeiam. Com exceção da doença de Alzheimer, poucos estudos resumiram os resultados do exercício na demência. Portanto, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar os efeitos do exercício físico (EF) em idosos com demência, excluindo Alzheimer. Esta revisão sistemática da literatura seguiu as recomendações PRISMA e foi realizada em setembro de 2022 nas bases de dados: Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed e EBSCO. A busca foi realizada sem restrições quanto à data de publicação. Foram incluídos estudos experimentais que analisaram pessoas com demência submetidas a EP. No total, 17 estudos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, dos quais oito eram do continente asiático. Estudos mostraram que a educação física, especialmente o exercício aeróbico, beneficia os aspectos físicos e cognitivos de idosos com demência. Entretanto, melhores resultados foram obtidos quando a EF foi combinada com terapias cognitivas. A maioria dos estudos avaliou idosos em diferentes estágios da doença. O exercício aeróbico esteve presente em 70,58% dos estudos. Os períodos de intervenção variaram de quatro a 65 semanas, com exercícios combinados três vezes por semana em cinco estudos, e as intensidades variaram de acordo com o tipo de EF. Os benefícios mostraram melhorias no desempenho das atividades diárias e nas funções cognitivas. Porém, alguns estudos apresentaram baixa qualidade metodológica, o que pode interferir nos resultados. São necessárias pesquisas adicionais sobre FE e demência em idosos.
Palavras-chave: Demência, Exercício, Idosos, Cognição, Revisão sistemática.