bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular cloning and characterization of venom peptides from two Honeybee species (Apis cerana and Apis mellifera)
Authors:   Department of Plant Biotechonlogy, Centre for Plant Molecular Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003., Revataganv Muttugoud , S. Mohankumar ,   Department of Plant Biotechonlogy, Centre for Plant Molecular Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003., N. Balakrishnan ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, AC&RI, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Killikulam, Vallanadu-628252., M.R. Srinivasan ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, AC&RI, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Killikulam, Vallanadu-628252.
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Two honey bee species (Apis cerana and Apis mellifera) are domesticated for the economic products like honey, royal jelly, and venom. Three components of honeybee venom peptide viz., melittin, phospholipase A2 (PLA2), and secapin have proven effects in pharmaceutical and clinical applications and these components were cloned and characterized in the present study. Bee venom glands were dissected out for RNA isolation and cDNA was synthesized from the total RNA. PCR was carried out using gene-specific primers for melittin, PLA2, and secapingenes, using cDNA as a template.PCR products were cloned in the TA-cloning vector and sequenced. Amino acid sequences were deduced from nucleic acid sequences and a phylogenetic tree was constructed to deduce the evolutionary relationship among the honey bee species. Crude bee venom was collected by the electric milking method and dissolved in sterile water to separate the venom peptides by SDS-PAGE. Crude bee venom was tested against the rice pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae PV. oryzae which causes bacterial blight disease of rice. Agar diffusion assay of bee venom was performed to confirm the antimicrobial properties of crude venom. Both A.cerana and A.mellifera venom showed antibacterial activity against X. oryzae PV. oryzae.
Promotional Effect of Water Soluble Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Lowland Rice
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, C. Bharaani Sri , D. Vasanthi ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, R. Kaleeswari ,   Department of Food Process Engineering, AEC & RI, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, D. Amirtham ,   Department of Food Process Engineering, AEC & RI, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, N. Thavaprakaash ,   Department of Food Process Engineering, AEC & RI, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003
Published: January 2025

The present study aimed to study the effect of foliar nutrition of water-solublefertilizers for enhancing yield and quality of rice during Kharif-2019 in clayloam soils of wetland farms, TNAU, Coimbatore. The experiment consisted ofeleven treatments that include- 100% RDF combined with foliar feeding ofcommercially available 19:19:19 @ 1% and 2%, TNAU WSF 19:19:19 @ 1%and 2%, TNAU Liquid Multi Micronutrient @ 1% either alone or in combinationdepending upon the treatments and absolute control. The experimentwas laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) with eleven treatmentsreplicated thrice using CO-51 rice as a test crop. The results revealed thatfoliar feeding of rice crop with different water-soluble fertilizers had a markedpromotional effect on growth and yield of rice. Among the water-solublefertilizers evaluated, foliar spray of TNAU water-soluble fertilizers 19:19:19@ 2% + TNAU Liquid Multi Micronutrient @ 1% (T10) concentration at activetillering, panicle initiation, 50% flowering and harvest stage along with arecommended dose of fertilizers recorded the maximum growth (plant height(45.8, 81.2, 93.5 and 105.6 cm), chlorophyll as SPAD value (45.7, 46.8,48.6 and 44.5) and LAI (3.01, 8.10, 6.72 and 3.92)) and yield attributes(number of panicles m-2 (352), number of grains panicle-1 (198) and numberof filled grains panicle-1 (180) and the maximum grain and straw yield of6233 kg ha-1 and 7730 kg ha-1 respectively. The promotional effect wasto the tune of 113.5 percent in grain and 79.8 percent in straw yield overcontrol. Concerning normal practice, it was a 19.7 percent increase in grainyield, and a 5.2 percent increase in straw yield was observed.
Standardization of Pellet size for Mechanized Sowing in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica)
Authors:   Department of Seed Science and Technology Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore –641 003., M. Rajeishwar , P. R Renganayaki ,   Department of Seed Science and Technology Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore –641 003., C. Vanitha ,   Department of Millets Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore –641 003., R . Ravikesavan ,   Department of Millets Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore –641 003.
Published: January 2025

he experiment was conducted at Department of Seed Science andTechnology, Coimbatore during 2019-20 to standardize the pellet size formechanized sowing in foxtail millet. The seeds of foxtail millet (Setariaitalica) were circumscribed by small amount of filler materials and adhesiveto produce a globular unit of size and also supply nutrient to the plant.Pellet size in terms of seed size has been standardized by using TNAUpelleting powder as filler material and gum acacia as adhesive to suite therequirement of air assisted seed drill for precision sowing with minimumseed rate. Results showed that the pellet size of 3.1 mm was found to beoptimum for mechanized sowing with seed drill and 11 layers of coating withfiller material increases the seed size from 0.8 to 3.1mm. The seeds coatedto 11 layers have recorded maximum germination (87%), root length(12.7cm), shoot length (6.3 cm),vigour index (1656) with high speed of germination(6.5 ) at laboratory condition.
How Can Higher Education Institutions Contribute to Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)? Actions, Monitoring and Reporting
Authors: Zürn Siegfried , Weiss Frederik , Cimatoribus Carla
Published: January 2025

The principles of sustainability are becoming increasingly relevant. Against this back-ground, the UN developed the 17 SDGs. HEI teaching plays a key role in achieving the SDGs, as graduates should be equipped with skills that enable them to tackle the large and complex sustainability problems. However, monitoring and reporting in HEI is currently inadequate and needs to be improved accordingly. This article presents three areas of HEI teaching that can be used to promote sustainability skills among students. Subsequently, monitoring and reporting at HEIs is analyzed in order to compare different frameworks for monitoring and reporting for being applied to HEIs.
Leveraging blockchain for enhanced risk management: Reducing operational and transactional risks in banking systems
Authors: Chikezie Paul-Mikki Ewim  , Chima Azubuike  , Olajumoke Bolatito Ajani  , Lawrence Damilare Oyeniyi  , Titilope Tosin Adewale
Published: January 2025

The banking sector faces significant challenges in managing operational and transactional risks, which can result in financial losses, inefficiencies, and reputational damage. With its unique attributes of decentralization, transparency, immutability, and advanced cryptographic security, blockchain technology offers a transformative solution to these challenges. This paper explores the role of blockchain in mitigating operational risks, such as human error, fraud, and system failures, through automation, enhanced auditability, and process accountability. It also examines how distributed ledger technology addresses transactional risks by improving payment security, minimizing settlement delays, and enhancing data integrity. The paper highlights the key benefits of blockchain adoption for risk management and provides recommendations for its effective implementation, including the need for regulatory adaptation, technological investment, and cross-sector collaboration. This analysis underscores the potential of blockchain to revolutionize banking operations and strengthen risk management frameworks in the financial sector.
Enhancing cyber risk decision-making with a quantified risk management model for U.S. and Canadian organizations
Authors: Gideon Opeyemi Babatunde  , Sikirat Damilola Mustapha  , Christian Chukwuemeka Ike  , Abidemi Adeleye Alabi
Published: January 2025

As cyber threats continue to evolve in complexity and frequency, organizations in the U.S. and Canada face significant challenges in making informed decisions to manage and mitigate risks effectively. This paper proposes a Quantified Cyber Risk Management Model (QCRMM) to enhance decision-making processes in the face of these dynamic threats. The model integrates quantitative risk assessment methodologies, advanced data analytics, and threat modeling techniques to enable organizations to identify, evaluate, and prioritize cyber risks in a structured manner. The QCRMM emphasizes a data-driven approach to risk management, utilizing key performance indicators (KPIs) and risk metrics to quantify potential impacts and the likelihood of cyber incidents. It incorporates tools such as Monte Carlo simulations and Bayesian networks for predicting and assessing the probability of various cyberattack scenarios, thus allowing organizations to make more accurate and informed decisions regarding risk mitigation strategies. Additionally, the model provides decision-makers with actionable insights that support cost-effective allocation of resources to safeguard critical assets. The model is designed to be flexible, adaptable, and scalable for organizations across diverse sectors, including finance, healthcare, energy, and critical infrastructure. By aligning with regional regulatory frameworks, such as the NIST Cybersecurity Framework in the U.S. and Canada’s Cyber Security Strategy, the QCRMM ensures compliance with best practices and legal requirements while fostering a robust cybersecurity posture. Case studies demonstrate the application of the QCRMM in improving risk prioritization and resource allocation in organizations, resulting in a reduction of potential financial losses, minimized operational disruptions, and improved organizational resilience to cyber threats. In conclusion, the QCRMM provides a comprehensive, quantifiable approach to enhancing cyber risk decision-making, helping organizations in the U.S. and Canada make informed, proactive decisions to defend against the evolving cyber threat landscape. This model empowers organizations to strategically address cyber risks with a focus on minimizing impacts while optimizing resources.
Pediatric neurodegenerative disorders and anesthesia considerations
Authors: Maria I. Dalamagka
Published: January 2025

Pediatric neurodegenerative disorders encompass a wide range of conditions that result from progressive damage to cells and nervous system connections that are essential for mobility, coordination, strength, sensation, and cognition. Neurodegenerative diseases affect millions of people worldwide. Neurological disorders are disorders that involve the brain, spinal cord or nerve and muscle. Children with neurological disorders may have disorders such as epilepsy, developmental delay, cerebral palsy, meningitis, genetic/metabolic diseases or diseases of muscle or nerve such as muscular dystrophy or peripheral neuropathy. These illnesses are frequently severe and potentially have long lasting consequences for the affected children. The pathologies most frequently responsible for psycho-physical disorders can be summarized into three groups: collaboration difficulties (autism spectrum disorders, intellectual impairment, phobia); motor dysfunction (cerebral palsy, epilepsy, other brain pathologies, neuromuscular disorders), and craniofacial anomalies (Down syndrome, other genetic syndromes). Due to their clinical history, and the lack of collaboration, in pediatric non-cooperative patients with Special Needs (SN), the anesthesiological risk may result difficult to assess, despite the fact that they meet the criteria of the outpatient management applied for the patient without disabilities. The perioperative management of pediatric patients with psycho-physical disorders with related relational and cognitive problems must be carefully planned, in order to make the entire hospitalization process as comfortable and as less traumatic as possible. General anesthesia is the most suitable type of anesthesia in pediatric patients with Special Needs (SN), although anesthetic complications are more frequent in these patients, mainly due to comorbidities, taken drugs and anatomical peculiarities. Some studies observed no correlation between multiple anesthesia exposures and neurodevelopmental deficits, while others reported that even a single exposure could increase the risk of deficits. An increased risk of developmental or behavioral disorders as the consequence of surgeries requiring general anesthesia was observed. Based on current studies, it is necessary to endeavor to limit the duration and numbers of anesthesia and the dose of anesthetic agents. The evaluation must include history and physical examination pertaining to the conditions requiring special anaesthetic considerations. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial in managing these neurological disorders in pediatric patients to improve overall quality of life and long-term outcomes.
Comparison of accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy with and without guidance on soft tissue tumor in a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia
Authors: Eviana Norahmawati  , Hasna Labiba Pangestu  , Irma Darinafitri  , Aina Angelina
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Diagnosing soft tissue tumors is challenging due to the complexity of soft tissue sarcomas, which are malignancies with heterogeneous histological and molecular subtypes, often resulting in delayed diagnoses. The gold standard for examining soft tissue tumors is histopathological examination, which, while definitive, is costly and invasive. Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) is an alternative method that can be used as an initial screening tool to provide differential diagnoses of soft tissue tumors. FNAB is considered affordable and minimally invasive. Moreover, it can be performed under ultrasonographic (USG) guidance, offering several advantages, including real-time monitoring and visualization during the biopsy. This allows for precise positioning and adjustments to improve sample accuracy. This study aims to demonstrate the advantages of FNAB as a minimally invasive diagnostic tool, evaluate the effectiveness of USG-guided FNAB in assessing soft tissue tumors, and determine the comparative accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of FNAB procedures, both with and without USG-guided.
Methods: The retrospective study with cross-sctional design carried out in Departement of Anatomics Pathology of a tertiary referral hospital in East Java, Indonesia from 2020 to 2022. The diagnostic test measured using a 2x2 table that presents data on the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of FNAB with or without USG-guided in diagnosing soft tissue tumors. The results will be compared with the final findings from histopathological or immunohistochemical examinations, which serve as the gold standard for diagnosing soft tissue tumors.
Results: FNAB with USG-guided show the higher accuracy than FNAB without USG-guided. The sensitivity was 83%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 75%, and accuracy of 88.88%.
Conclusion: FNAB can be used as an early diagnostic tool to assess the malignancy of soft tissue tumors. When performed with USG-guided, FNAB demonstrates higher accuracy compared to FNAB without USG-guided.
A review on green tea catechins in Alzheimer’s disease of efficacy mechanism and future direction
Authors: Tejaswini J. Taware  , Sakshi R. Shahu  , Sunil S. Bhagat  , Swati P. Deshmukh
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with limited treatment options. Green tea rich in catechins has been investigated for its potential neuroprotective and cognitive – enhancing effect. Oxidative stress is a component of the pathological mechanisms underlying AD. It is caused by a disruption of the balance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant molecules. This imbalance also causes neuroinflammation. Catechins, which are bioactive components of tea, have antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, other potential properties related to AD prevention and modification have been reported in in vitro and in vivo studies. Several clinical studies have also been conducted to date. The current review summarizes recent updates and perspectives of the effects of catechins on AD based on the molecular mechanisms and related clinical studies. This review examine the current evidence on green tea efficacy, mechanism and future direction in AD management.
Standardization extraction and phytochemical screening for herbal drugs
Authors: Sakshi Y. Pathrikar  , Vaishnavi S.Mukhmale  , Nandakishor B. Deshmukh  , Swati P. Deshmukh
Published: January 2025

Standardization of medicate implies verification of its personality and assurance of its quality and immaculateness. At display due to improvement in the chemical acknowledgment of rough drugs numerous methods like chemical, botanical, spectroscopic and organic procedures are utilized for evaluating dynamic constituents show in the rough drugs in expansion to its physical constants. Plants contain an assortment of phytochemicals that are conduct for their therapeutic assets. Hence there has been a perpetual assessment of extraction methods from conventional ones to more modern, non-ordinary, and greener strategies. Plants are the root of different drugs having a place to numerous restorative bunches like antimicrobials, upper, antidiabetics, antispasmodics, antihypertensive, anti-cancer, etc. Utilize of plants to treat numerous infections have too been allude to ayurveda. In this show audit a point has been made to deliver an outline of certain extractant and extraction prepare with their preferences and impediments.
TFL1-like genes in Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. with different growth habit types
Authors: Krylova E. A. , Khlestkina E. K.
Published: January 2025

Background. Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. is among important legume crops. Agricultural producers prefer cultivars suitable for mechanized cultivation, with a determinate growth habit type. Plant architectonics depends on the functioning of the apical meristem, while the transition to the reproductive stage is controlled by a set of genes, including the TFL1 gene. Analyzing the genes responsible for the growth habit type is relevant for more efficient and rapid development of high-tech cultivars. Materials and methods. Using the Sanger DNA sequencing method, the primary structure of TFL1-like genes was studied in six cowpea accessions with different growth habit types and architectonics.

Results. Promoter regions and coding parts of TFL1-like genes (VuTFL1.1, VuTFL1.2, VuATC, and VuBFT) were sequenced and analyzed. Information about the genes is available in the NCBI nucleotide sequence database. A comparative study showed that there were no exon differences between different genotypes. Rearrangements were found in the introns and the promoter region, but no relationship was traced between these rearrangements and the phenotype in terms of growth habit types or architectonics.

Conclusion. The next step towards understanding the role of TFL1-like genes requires obtaining knockout lines based on these genes and studying their phenotype. Meanwhile, the results of this analysis call for a need to consider a wider range of cowpea genes potentially associated with the variability of stem growth habit types and plant architectonics.
Prospects for the development of white cabbage seed production in the Republic of Dagestan
Authors: Kurkiev K. U. , Gadjimagomedova M. Kh.
Published: January 2025

An endeavor is made to analyze the development of cabbage seed production in Dagestan whose soil and climatic conditions are conducive to the use of a seed-growing practice without replanting. The vegetable seed production system in southern Dagestan is undergoing modernization within the framework of a subprogram of the Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Agriculture. Dagestan Experiment Station of VIR has started implementing one of the tasks under an integrated research and development project entitled “Obtaining competitive mid-late and late white cabbage hybrids with the purpose of import substitution”. This task includes identification of seed production areas with sites best suited for the seed production of white cabbage with various ripening schedules. Dagestan Experiment Station of VIR has many years of experience in growing vegetable seeds and is located in Derbent District, an area with natural and climatic environments most favorable for cabbage seed production.
The OsGATA gene family as a promising candidate for applying the CRISPR/Cas genome editing technology to improve the nutritional and yield qualities of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Nesterova E. A. , Shvachko N. A.
Published: January 2025

Molecular breeding of rice (Oryza sativa L.) for yield is of great importance for ensuring food security of the population. Living organisms manifest genetically determined responses to environmental factors, including stressors. Photosynthetic activity affects all metabolic processes in plant cells. The genes involved in photosynthesis, in their turn, are regulated by differentially expressed genes associated with circadian rhythms. Plants, as sedentary organisms, require more efficient regulation of gene expression. GATA factors are transcription factors (TFs) that affect the production of phytohormones and mediate the stress response. GATA factors are divided into four main classes (A to D), based on the difference in the structure of the zinc finger domain, and into seven subfamilies, depending on the availability of additional domains. GATA TFs incorporate domain structures that may be involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms. Effects on the circadian rhythms influence other regulatory metabolic pathways in plants, which makes the study of genes associated with circadian rhythms relevant and significant. The most well-known and popular method of gene editing at the moment is the CRISPR/Cas technology. More than 30 rice genes were successfully genomically edited using the CRISPR/Cas technology in the period from 2018 through 2023. This helped to improve their valuable agronomic traits.

This review summarizes all information about the classification and known functions of OsGATA genes and OsGATA TFs and provides evidence for the possibility of influencing the regulation of rice photoperiodicity by editing these genes.
Development of cultivars that expand the area of almond cultivation: commemorating the 120th birthday of Prof. Alexander An. Richter
Authors: Richter A. A.
Published: January 2025

The name of Alexander An. Richter, a prominent scientist in the field of breeding new cultivars of nut crops and subtropical fruit plants, is widely known worldwide. A winner of the USSR State Prize, Prof. Dr. A. Richter was second in the world to develop a program of almond cultivation and breeding, thus making a significant contribution to the development of horticulture in the south of Russia. Over thirty new cultivars released in the course of many years made it possible to expand adaptation of cultivated almond to various regions of Southern Russia. Prof. A. Richter continued Nikolay Vavilov’s mission to mobilize and utilize plant genetic resources, contributing to the promotion of this nut crop and the broadening of industrial almond cultivation areas. Years of his participation in the USSR Exhibition of Achievements of National Economy (VDNKh) earned him numerous gold medal awards.
Influence of seeding rates on the quantum yield of photosynthesis for some field crops
Authors: Panchenko K. S. , Ovcharova N. V. , Sokolova L. V. , Silantyeva M. M.
Published: January 2025

Background. Photosynthesis is one of the most important physiological processes in plants, affecting the productivity of agrocenoses. Creating conditions for crops to absorb and convert solar energy as effectively as possible can be a means of increasing their yields. The objective was to study the production processes and stress resistance of some crop species in order to optimize their cultivation technology.

Materials and methods. The work was carried out in the steppe and forest-steppe zone of Altai Territory. The scheme of the experiment was conducive to studying the quantum yield of photosynthesis as a method for assessing various seeding rates in the fields of sunflower grown for seeds (‘Pioneer LE 10’) and maize grown for silage (‘Clifton’). For sunflower, the rates were 35,000, 45,000, and 55,000 seeds/ha; for maize, 40,000, 50,000, and 60,000 seeds/ha. The state of the photosynthetic apparatus in plants was analyzed using the JUNIOR-PAM fluorometer (Walz, Germany) in the main phases of plant development. results. The quantum yield of photosynthesis over the growing season of sunflower, depending on the seeding rate, was the highest during flowering and ripening (up to 0.81 relative units). The highest values of the quantum yield of photosynthesis for maize were recorded in the phases of the 2nd leaf and 6–8 leaves (0.63 and 0.64 relative units, respectively).

Conclusion. The most effective development of sunflower plants, characterized by a high quantum yield of photosynthesis and high productivity, was observed at the seeding rate of 45,000 seeds/ha. The highest maize harvest for silage (1.56 t/ha) was registered under conditions favorable for this indicator at the rate of 50,000 seeds/ha. The correlation coefficient between the quantum yield of photosynthesis and crop yield was 0.7–0.8, which confirmed the dependence between those indicators and made it possible to determine the optimal sowing structure.
Some special features of the water regime and the photosynthetic apparatus functioning in garden roses under drought conditions
Authors: Pilkevich R. A. , Plugatar S. A. , Gubanova T. B.
Published: January 2025

Data are presented on changes in the total water content in leaf tissues and the level of real water deficiency in 7 genotypes of garden roses (Rosa gallica L., R. odorata var. gigantea × R. multiflora, R. hugonis Hemsl., R. chinensis var. minima (Sims) Voss., R. bracteata J.C. Wendl., and R. foetida var. persiana (Lem.) Rehder) and cv. ‘Borisfen’ during the summer seasons of 2022–2023 on the Southern Coast of Crimea. Most genotypes showed a sublethal limit of water deficiency with the loss of 22–26% of water in their leaves. The leaf water regime was described for the studied genotypes under the extreme drought of 2023. For R. gallica, the critical limit of water loss was 10–15%. Simulating conditions close to the hot dry wind (t = 27°C, Rh = 30%) resulted in a more intensive loss of moisture by the leaves of the studied roses, while only R. odorata var. gigantea × R. multiflora showed a reduction in water consumption. The threshold for sublethal moisture deficiency in the leaves of relatively resistant plants (cv. ‘Borisfen’ and R. hugonis) dropped to 20–24%.

Analyzing main parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence induction proved that the development of water deficiency in the range of 20–25% under low air humidity caused an irreversible inactivation of PS II in R. bracteata, R. gallica, and R. odorata var. gigantea × R. multiflora. Disturbances in the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus in cv. ‘Borisfen’, R. hugonis, and R. foetida var. persiana were reversible. The variable fluorescence level and the fluorescence decay rate are informative for determining the degree of drought resistance in garden rose plants.
The production process of spring wheat plants in the system of biological agriculture
Authors: Shuliko N. N. , Yusova O. A. , Kiselyova A. A. , Tukmacheva E. V. , Yusov V. S. , Kubasova E. V. , Korchagina I. A. , Timokhin A. Yu.
Published: January 2025

Background. Analyzing photosynthetic processes in a plant makes it possible to opine on the rate of its growth and development. In addition to classical physiological techniques, an interest is currently growing in spectrometry, which provides a realtime opportunity, based in the values of vegetation indices, to find out whether a plant is under stress or not.

Materials and methods. Spring bread wheat cvs. ‘Omskaya 42’, ‘Omskaya 44’, and ‘Tarskaya 12’, and spring durum wheat cv. ‘Omsky Korall’ were analyzed in Western Siberia. Seeds were bacterized before sowing with an inoculant of diazotrophs belonging to Arthrobacter mysorens 7 and Flavobacterium sp.

Results. Identification of increased plant growth and development rates is possible with the following vegetation indices in the ear emergence phase: TCARI = 27.32, MCARI = 106.4, SPAD = 40.6, CPHLT = 25.02, CPHLB = 14.5, CPHLA = 8.46, and CCI = 27.5, and those in the grain filling phase: CPHLT = 10.4, CPHLB = 7.2, and CPHLA = 4.7. The highest nitrogen-fixing activity level was observed in the rhizosphere of bread wheat cv. ‘Omskaya 42’ and durum wheat cv. ‘Omsky Korall’, amounting to 150.7–322.0 and 140.0–393.0 nM C2H4/100 g of soil, respectively, with the introduction of Arthrobacter mysorens 7 bacteria, and 149.0–281.0 and 86.2–554.5 nM C2H4/100 g of soil, respectively, with Flavobacterium sp.

Conclusion. Consistently high values of the associative nitrogen fixation process were recorded in the variants involving bacterization of wheat seeds of cvs. ‘Omskaya 42’ and ‘Omsky Korall’ with the stimulating fungicide drugs Mizorin and Flavobacterin. According to the values of the TCARI and SPAD indices, it is possible to opine on the potential nitrogen-fixing activity and the yield of a cultivar.
Classifying cumulatively disadvantaged communities in California: A quantitative comparison of environmental justice screening tools
Authors: Morton Claire , Werner Ashley , Harris Madeline , Saunders Ivanka , Morello-Frosch Rachel , Casey Joan , Walther Guenther , Gonzalez David
Published: January 2025

Background: Government agencies at the state and federal levels have developed screening tools to classify disadvantaged communities, which are cumulatively burdened by social marginalization and environmental hazards. Status as a recognized disadvantaged community can determine access to public funding and protections associated with environmental justice policies. In California, multiple screening tools have been promulgated by state and federal agencies. Objectives: To determine the extent to which screening tools differentially designated census block groups as disadvantaged. Also, to determine whether there were differences in the proportions of socially or racially marginalized individuals classified as living in disadvantaged communities between screening tools. Methods: We quantitatively compared three screening tools used in California (CalEnviroScreen, Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool [CEJST], and Environmental Justice Index [EJI]) and two proposed tools (a modified version of CalEnviroScreen and a trivariate metric). We developed a statistical method to determine the extent to which each screening tool differentially prioritizes socioeconomically or racially marginalized groups for designation as living in disadvantaged communities. Results: While many census block groups were consistently classified as disadvantaged communities by all screening tools, there was substantial variation among the tools. For example, CEJST classified twice as many California residents as living in disadvantaged communities compared to EJI, a difference of approximately 7.5 million people. We observed small but statistically significant differences in disadvantaged community designations for racial/ethnic composition, proportion of households in poverty, and population density. Conclusion: The screening tools we assessed, which are used for regulatory decision- making, advocacy, and research, yielded significant discordant classifications of disadvantaged communities, with potential implications for which sociodemographic groups have access to resources and other interventions through state and federal policy.
Probabilistic origins of compositional mental representations
Authors: Feldman Jacob
Published: January 2025

The representation of complex phenomena via combinations of simple discrete features is a hallmark of human cognition. But it is not clear exactly how (or whether) discrete features can effectively represent the complex probabilistic fabric of the environment. This paper introduces information-theoretic tools for quantifying the fidelity and efficiency of a featural representation with respect to a probability model. In this framework a feature or combination of features is “faithful” to the extent that knowing the value of the features reduces uncertainty about the true state of the world. In a single dimension, a discrete feature is faithful if the values of the feature correspond isomorphically to distinct classes in the probability model. But in multiple dimensions, the situation is more complicated: the fidelity of each feature depends on the direction in multidimensional feature space in which the feature is projected from the underlying distribution. More interestingly, distributions may be more effectively represented by combinations of projected features—that is, compositionality. For any given distribution, a variety of compositional forms (features and combination rules) are possible, which can be quite different from one another, entailing different degrees of fidelity, different numbers of features, and even different induced regularities. This paper proposes three specific criteria for a compositional representation: fidelity, simplicity, and robustness. The information-theoretic framework introduces a new and potentially useful way to look at the problem of compositionality in human mental representation.
Duoethnographic Riffing on Rhizomes, Attribution, and Voice: A Play in Multiple Acts
Authors: Wainwright Richard , Stevens Shannon
Published: January 2025

In this duoethnographic theatrical play, we fuse theory, personal narrative, performance, and popculture into a rhizomatic exploration of authorship, appropriation, and collaboration. Rooted inSawyer and Norris’s (2013) dialogical approach, our script draws from Deleuze and Guattari’srhizomes, Bakhtin’s carnival grotesque, and Eminem’s rap lyrics to generate a multiplicity ofvoices—each treated as both collaborator and subject. The result is a collision of high theory andpopular references that upends academic norms, calling attention to fluid ownership, citationpractices, and the generative possibilities of mashup culture (Johnson-Eilola & Selber, 2007). Byforegrounding heteroglossia, we resist linear arguments and instead situate meaning “in themiddle,” revealing how dialogic interplay and collective improvisation shape knowledge. Thecarnival atmosphere, marked by comic subversions and open-ended acts, challenges rigidboundaries between personal memory, scholarly theory, and cultural artifacts. Rather thanconcluding with definitive statements, the performance encourages ongoing mashups andreinterpretations, affirming duoethnography’s commitment to reflexive, relational practice andcelebrating the dynamic interplay that keeps research alive and evolving.
“I think I misspoke earlier. My bad!”: Exploring How Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools Exploit Society’s Feeling Rules
Authors: Given Lisa M. , Polkinghorne Sarah , Ridgway Alexandra
Published: January 2025

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools that appear to perform with care and empathy can quickly gain users’ trust. For this reason, GenAI tools that attempt to replicate human responses have heightened potential to misinform and deceive people. This paper examines how three GenAI tools, within divergent contexts, mimic credible emotional responsiveness: OpenAI’s ChatGPT, the National Eating Disorder Association’s Tessa, and Luka’s Replika. The analysis uses Hochschild’s (1983) concept of feeling rules to explore how these tools exploit, reinforce, or violate people’s internalised social guidelines around appropriate and credible emotional expression. We also examine how GenAI developers’ own beliefs and intentions can create potential social harms and conflict with users. Results show that while GenAI tools enact compliance with basic feeling rules – e.g., apologising when an error is noticed – this ability alone may not sustain user interest, particularly once the tools’ inability to generate meaningful, accurate information becomes intolerable.
Early Neolithic bone, antler and teeth artefacts from the Rakushechny Yar site (based on the materials of new excavations)
Authors:   Institute for the history of material culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Malyutina Anna , Dolbunova Ekaterina ,   The State Hermitage Museum, Mazurkevich Andrey , Sablin Mikhail ,   Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2025

The Rakushechny Yar site is a multi-layered stratified floodplain settlement, where the Early Neolithic complexes dated to the middle of the 6th millennium BC were uncovered. This article represents analysis of bone, antler and teeth items from the shore zone of the Rakushechny Yar settlement investigated by the State Hermitage Museum expedition, which date back to 5720–5520 BC. The studied collection includes 96 objects made of bones, teeth, antler of various animals, and tortoise shell. Long bones, mainly metapodia and ribs of small ruminants, as well as red deer and roe deer antler were used for items production. Technological, functio­nal analyses and the study of complexes of various layers were carried out. Two techniques for obtai­ning bone and antler blanks, as well as methods of their secondary processing were revealed. Several categories were identified including points with sharpened one or both ends, spatulas, knives, be­veled blade implements, including massive antler items with holes, implements from beaver jaws, and non-utilitarian items. Functional analysis allowed us to identify several areas of tools’ use: processing of hides (making holes), knitting and weaving from vegetable fibers, processing of wood and clay, preparation of fishery products. In addition, items made from roe deer antlers with specific traces of use were identified. This complex has a number of similarities with local Late Mesolithic and Early Neolithic sites of the Ponto-Caspian region. Analogies of the bone industry with the predominance of points made in combination of certain techniques, together with massive antler tools and pendants were revealed in the Early Neolithic Aratashen–Shulaveri–Shomutepe culture of the South Caucasus (Transcaucasia). The analyzed complex represents a set of items and functional categories that correspond to the specificity of the economic strategy of the site.
Paleoindian, East Asian and Siberian components of the Eskimo oral traditions
Authors:   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (the Kunstkamera) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Berezkin Yuri
Published: January 2025

The possibility to use analytical units extracted from traditional narratives for the study of prehistoric migrations and contacts follows from the works of Franz Boas published bet­ween 1895 and 1915. In the 1920s, the priorities of American anthropology changed, so the folklore studies missed the opportunity to become a tool of historic research. Here we try to advance a project abandoned a hundred years ago. Our database consists of more than 80,000 abstracts of texts from all over the world and helps to determine the approximate time of spread of narrative episodes and mythological ideas. The study analyzes the parallels between the narrative motives of the Eskimo and motives collected outside of the Arctic. Since the Paleo-Eskimo are associated with the Denbigh flint complex, which appeared in Alaska about 3000 BC and, which is usually believed to descend from the Eas­tern Siberian Belkachi culture, it can be assumed that Siberian links must prevail in the narratives of the Eskimo. Instead, parallels for those episodes and images that typical for the Arctic are found mostly in South America. Apparently, these motives appeared in the New World during its initial peopling around 15,000 cal. BC. The narrative analogies between the Arctic and the East Asia are less numerous and some of them are also found in South American traditions. The American parallels in Siberia are widespread among the Indians but not among the Eskimo. To date, only one episode of Eskimo tales with definite Siberian roots, namely “The Blind Hunter”, has been identified. Though possibly related to the Belkachi tradition, this motif is also typical for the Indians of the North American Northwest, one case recorded in South America. The Eskimo version is slightly different from the main one. It probably split from it in Alaska and was brought to Canada and Greenland by the Paleo-Eskimo or by the Inuit. The Eskimo oral traditions emerged in Alaska and in major part go back not to the Siberian language ancestors of the Eskimo and Aleuts but to the local substratum.
Sustainable Development and The Role of Islamic and Social Banks
Authors: Abdulghani Naser Ali
Published: January 2025

Islamic banking is a financial system that is based on Islamic law (Sharia) and is influenced by Islamic economics. The Islamic financial system is supported by four primary pillars: the Islamic banking system, the Islamic money market, Islamic insurance (takaful), and the Islamic capital market. These systems provide alternative funding sources. Conversely, social banks are established to utilize financial services to generate a positive impact on society and the environment. Consequently, consumers perceive Islamic banks, depositors, and the broader community as having both economic and social responsibilities. The fundamental principles of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are eradicating poverty and promoting sustainable development. The parallels between Islamic and social institutions will be the focus of this investigation. The significance of the two institutions in advancing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will be underscored in this research.
Management of Baitulmaal Muamalat (BMM) East Java Representative in Management of Productive Waqf in the Real Sector
Authors: Uswatun Chasanah
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the management of productive waqf in the real sector by highlighting the partnership between Baitulmaal Muamalat (BMM) and Ayam Bakar Pak D outlet Kartini, Sidoarjo. This study uses a qualitative approach through a field study method to explore the implementation of productive waqf management applied by BMM. Primary data was obtained through in-depth interviews with BMM managers, while secondary data was taken from internal documents and related publications. Data analysis was carried out using the Bogdan and Taylor interactive model. The results of the study indicate that the management of productive waqf in the real sector at the outlet is quite effective, with the implementation of management functions including planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling. The benefits generated from this partnership have contributed to improving the socio-economic welfare of the community. However, there are obstacles in the form of a lack of diversification of management sectors and operational challenges that require a thorough evaluation. The implications of this study highlight the importance of developing innovations in Sharia business models and optimizing partnerships in supporting the sustainability of productive waqf.
Islamic Boarding School Leadership Innovation: From Traditional to Modernization of Education
Authors: Salim Nur Agus , Zaibi Muhammad , Brantasari Mahkamah , Ikhsan Muhammad , Aslindah Andi
Published: January 2025

This research examines leadership innovation at Ibadurrahman Modern Islamic Boarding School, focusing on transitioning from traditional to modern education. The research used a qualitative case study approach, with in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis. The research findings show that Kiai applies visionary, democratic, paternalistic, and spiritual leadership styles that create an inclusive environment that encourages collaboration and innovation. Democratic leadership enables active participation in decision-making, while paternalistic leadership strengthens the emotional bond between Kiai and staff, creating a harmonious working environment. In addition, the integration of spiritual leadership helps maintain a balance between traditional religious values and modern educational needs. Modernization efforts include adopting technology, multilingual education, and incorporating Islamic perspectives in science, which provide students with essential skills to face global challenges. Conflict management is also done through deliberation, which ensures harmony amid change. In conclusion, leadership innovation at Ibadurrahman Modern Islamic Boarding School successfully bridges tradition and modernity, offering a model for another Islamic boarding school in the face of globalization.
Coffee Shortens Reaction Times and Enhances Performance in Taekwondo Simulations
Authors: Akram Muhammad
Published: January 2025

In this study, the impact of coffee on taekwondo simulation performance and reaction times is examined. Pre- and post-consumption reaction times as well as performance metrics were measured during high-intensity simulated sparring sessions in a controlled trial with trained taekwondo practitioners. The subjects were split into two groups, one of which got a placebo and the other a caffeine supplement. The findings showed that as compared to the placebo group, the caffeine group exhibited noticeably faster reaction times and higher performance ratings. According to the research, coffee may be a useful ergogenic aid in martial arts, helping competitors perform better and be more responsive. The long-term consequences of caffeine consumption in combat sports and its implications for training regimens should be investigated further.
Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor About a Case
Authors: lghamour Khalid
Published: January 2025

Tumors of the sex cords and stroma of the ovary are relatively rare, accounting for around 8% of all primary ovarian tumors. Steroid cell tumors of the ovary are rare, accounting for less than 0.1% of all ovarian tumors. The majority of these tumors produce steroid hormones, and only 10-15% of patients are asymptomatic. Although steroid cell tumors are generally benign, there is a risk of malignant transformation. Surgery is the main treatment.

We report a case of a steroid cell tumour of the left ovary discovered on anatomopathological examination of the left adnexectomy operative specimen in a 47-year-old hypertensive diabetic patient who clinically presented with virilism with severe hirsutism, muscular and clitoral hypertrophy and frontotemporal baldness, and biologically increased androgens without associated hypercorticism, and in whom an abdomino-pelvic scanner showed a left latero-uterine mass measuring 74x66x64 mm, pelvic MRI showed a polylobed left ovarian mass classified ORADS 5, measuring 53x65x87 mm. After histological confirmation of the diagnosis, the patient was taken back for total surgery with total hysterectomy, right adnexectomy, omentectomy, appendectomy, multiple peritoneal biopsies, with no signs of malignancy on histological examination, simple postoperative follow-up and our patient placed under surveillance.