bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finite Element Modeling to Predicting Rutting in Flexible Pavements under Overloading
Authors: Aljaleel Zainab M. , Ahmed Nahla Y. , Atemimi Yahya K. A
Published: June 2024

Road infrastructure is seriously threatened by heavy vehicle overloading, causing substantial damage, particularly rutting. This study uses advanced finite element analysis (FEA) techniques to improve pavement performance prediction. Six models were created using the ABAQUS/CAE program to evaluate the rutting performance of flexible pavement under overloaded conditions. These models simulated the existing pavement design and a proposed design, each subjected to three axle load configurations: single axle-single tire, tandem axle-dual tire, and tridem axle-dual tire. The research includes conducting surveys on traffic volume and axle load, to precisely evaluate the current traffic situation and identify problems associated with overloading. Core extractions enabled a thorough comparison of the existing pavement's thickness, density, and material characteristics with the proposed design. Based on these findings, a new design for a flexible pavement was developed, focusing on enhancing its ability to withstand rutting. The analysis determines that the existing pavement cannot withstand overloading vehicles, necessitating a 6,67 % increase in the thickness of the surface, a 37,5 % increase in the thickness of the binder, a 50 % increase in the thickness of the base, and a 32 % increase in the thickness of the subbase layers. Significantly, these modifications and improvements to material qualities were discovered to effectively decrease rut depth, an important factor in the durability and performance of pavement
Towards Enhancing Place Attachment in Urban Spaces of Vertical Residential Complexes (Bismayah as a Case Study)
Authors: Anas Al-Mendilawi1 Mustafa M. , Essa Al-Saaidy Haider Jasim
Published: June 2024

The place is a refuge for humans and human activities and interactions. Humans give value and meaning to a place through interaction with it and attachment to it. Positive feelings towards the place and its tangible appearance are place attachment, the most important dimension in the reciprocal relationship between humans and the place that urban designers must pay attention to. As a result of urban growth and the housing crisis, open spaces have lost their value and importance, especially in urban areas in vertical residential complexes. Therefore, the research paper aimed to evaluate the effect of the social and physical aspects of open spaces in vertical residential complexes on enhancing place attachment. This theoretical and practical research relies on literary and library studies and a mixed research strategy. The research used a common methodology by discussing previous literature and extracting the main vocabulary to build the conceptual framework for each. First, the social aspects are represented by demographic and psychological factors and social activities and interactions. Secondly, the material aspects are described by formal and functional characteristics. In the practical part, a field survey was conducted. The questionnaires (150 questionnaires) were distributed using a random method at the selected case study site (Bismayah Residential Complex).The results were analysed to determine the most influential factors based on their priority in enhancing attachment to a place. Thus, the research reached the most prominent indicators that contribute to developing an attachment to a place. with regard to the social aspect Indicators of length of stay, protection and safety, and social activities and interactions had the greatest impact on developing feelings of attachment to a place. This was followed, in varying proportions, by indicators of housing ownership, comfort and tranquility, and cohesion and social communication among the residents of the complex. As for the physical aspect, the indicators of enclosure and accessibility had the largest role, followed by the indicators of dependence on place and visual richness. And arriving at the indicators with the least impact on stimulating residents' feelings towards the place in the social and physical aspects, such as privacy, social homogeneity, clarity, and the human scale
Review of Behavior Flexural Strengthened RC Beams Using Ultra-High Performance Concrete
Authors: Abbas Hasan M. , Kadhim Majid M.A.
Published: June 2024

The use of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) to reinforce existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures in flexure has made great strides in research recently. In addition to creating an experimental archive, the research provided a thorough technical literature review. The effectiveness of UHPC strengthening schemes for RC beams was assessed by examining the effect of size on the flexural strengthening performance of RC members with UHPC. Various dimensions of RC elements were considered in order to understand any possible size-related effects. Factors like material strength and stiffness of the current RC members were considered because they could affect the strengthening's overall effectiveness. To comprehend how the strengthening of the UHPC would impact the overall. In order to find the most successful strategy, various UHPC strengthening configurations were examined. prior to applying the UHPC, the concrete substrate must be prepared. The experimental results from the studies under review indicate that UHPC is a promising reinforcement that can successfully provide RC beams flexural strength. The plain overlay's bending capacity increased by 20 % to 60 % when the thickness of the UHPC overlay was increased within the range of 30 to 50 mm. In contrast to plain overlays, the reinforced overlay resulted in a notable 40 %–85 % increase in flexural capacity. To assist stakeholders in making decisions, a cost comparison of UHPC with other strengthening techniques, such as carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP), was provided. The study concludes by highlighting the potential of UHPC as a workable option for flexural strengthening of existing RC structures and offers insightful information for furthering the advancement and application of this technology in the building sector
Simulation and Experimental Approach for Metal Forming with a Multi-Point Die
Authors: Al-Ghuraibawi Alyaa , Abed Aseel Hamad , Mansor Khalida Kadhim
Published: June 2024

Multi-point forming (MPF) is considered a flexible and innovative sheet metal forming process that allows for the creation of three-dimensional curved surfaces. This study investigates the effects of various parameters on the final product in metal forming using a multi-point die. The research employs a combination of numerical simulations and experimental work to analyze and minimize defects in the forming process. The concentration is on brass (Cu Zn 65-35) and rubber materials, with specific thicknesses of 0,71 mm and 2 mm, respectively. Although ANSYS 15.0 is used to study the stresses and strains resulting from the formation process with the multi-point die (MPD), the experimental work was conducted to study the effect of two parameters: forming speeds (5 and 15 mm/min) and holding times (1, 3, and 5 minutes were used in this process). The simulation results reveal that the use of rubber significantly reduces defects such as dimples on the sheet surface. Additionally, the presence of rubber helps distribute the force, leading to a reduction in maximum stress and strain in the blank profile to approximately 27 % and 49 %, respectively, in the second case. The study also explores the impact of forming speed and holding time on spring back. BY measuring the dimensional accuracy of the final products. A forming speed of 5 mm/min and a holding time of 5 minutes resulted in the best outcomes, with a minimum average spring back (0,997). Moreover, the ANOVA algorithm was used to discuss the results which indicated that the forming speed and holding time significantly affect the dimensional accuracy. The research shows that altering settings and adding rubber to multi-point forming improves product quality and accuracy. This study enhances metal forming knowledge and improves industrial processes
Sustainable use of recycled glass powder-based geopolymer of organic soil stabilization
Authors: Khalaf Khalaf Y. , Mahmood Khalid R .
Published: June 2024

The foundation of any structure and construction of roads are most affected by different problems when it is constructed on weak soil such as organic soil for example. The use of recycled glass powder as a precursor in geopolymers improves soil properties (enhancing bearing capacity and reducing compressibility), as well as prevents glass waste from accumulating in landfills. The recycled glass powder (RGP) was added to the soil with different percentages(5,10,15,20 and 25)%. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is used as an alkaline solution. The chemical composition of RGP and the organic soil are determined by the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) test. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) was conducted to investigate the mechanical behavior of specimens. The results show that increase in UCS in 7 and 14 days for the specimens treated with geopolymer compared to the natural soil specimens. The highest UCS value was 7,86 MPa at a curing time of 14 days and a curing temperature of 65C⁰ with 20 % RGP
Multi Responses Optimization of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) Parameters of Tool Steel Using Grey Relation Analysis
Authors: Anwar Huda , Shather Dr.Saad K. , Khudhir Dr. Waqass S.
Published: June 2024

The aim of this work is to study the effects of several wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) process parameters, such as the servo voltage (SV), the pulse on time (TON), and the pulse off time (TOFF) on the surface finish (SR) and the kerf width (KW) of stainless steel 304 as a workpiece material. A multi-responses optimization approach based on Grey relational analysis has been designed, and it was discovered that the main affecting factor is the pulse on time followed by the servo voltage. According to the data, the grey relation analysis (GRA) grade for the second trial, including (a servo voltage of 14V, a pulse on time of 100µs, and a pulse off time of 45µs), was the optimum combination of settings that may concurrently optimize all of the specified response qualities. By utilizing the regression analysis, the mathematical equations illustrating the link between the input parameters and the responses have been established. In particular, the findings of this article will assist manufacturing engineers in selecting an optimal set of process parameters for machining stainless steel (SS304) grade
TERRITORIAL DYNAMICS IN THE BORDER STRIP OF THE AMAZONAS STATE | BRAZIL
Authors: Vilagelim Guilherme , Lemos Alessandra , Franco Thiago , Basflio Cisnea , Furtado Jaiandra , Monari Paula , Libania Giovana , Noronha Marcondes
Published: June 2024

As a way of expanding the understanding of the theme and patterns of border interaction, both for the inhabitants of the border strip and for the state government. The State Development and Integration Center for the Amazonas Border Strip [NIFFAM] | Brazil, aims to show the importance, relevance and responsibility of having approximately 2,500 km of border strip, predominantly occupied by indigenous peoples and traditional communities.
Government Policies and Corporate Social Responsibility: Analyzing the Influence on Organizational Practices and Stakeholder Perceptions
Authors: Usmany Paul
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the influence of government policies on corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and stakeholder perceptions. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative data from surveys of 350 companies across various industries with qualitative insights from in-depth interviews and case studies. The findings reveal that mandatory regulations significantly drive CSR engagement, while financial incentives encourage voluntary CSR efforts. Stakeholder perceptions are more favorable towards CSR initiatives perceived as authentic and aligned with their values. Additionally, the impact of government policies on CSR varies across different industries and regions, emphasizing the importance of context-specific strategies. The study offers valuable insights for policymakers and business leaders on designing effective regulatory and financial tools to promote genuine and impactful CSR practices.
The Impact of Learning Agility on Work Engagement is Mediated by Psychological Empowerment and Resilience in Millennial Workers
Authors: Sutardi Didi , Novitasari Dewiana
Published: June 2024

Millennial workers have the characteristic of not feeling tied to their work and this can have an impact on the organizations/companies that employ them. This research aims to determine the magnitude of the influence that learning agility has on work engagement through the mediation of psychological empowerment and resilience. This research uses a quantitative causality design. The respondents were 100 millennial workers born between 1981 and 1996. Sampling was carried out using convenience sampling. Data collection was carried out via Google form which was distributed to the worker community via social media Facebook, Linkedin and Whatsapp. The results of this research found that learning agility has no direct effect on work engagement of millennial workers. Psychological empowerment and mediating resilience are some of the effects of learning agility on work engagement. This research contributes to efforts to increase work engagement in millennial generation workers through factors such as learning agility, psychological empowerment and resilience.
Metode Ulama Dalam Memberantas Hadis Palsu
Authors: Lutfianto Mohammad , Tohir M
Published: June 2024

Para ulama sangatlah menjaga dan merawat hadis yang telah mereka dapatkan dari pemalsukan hadis Nabi. Mereka melakukan seleksi terhadap hadis yang mereka dapatkan dengan berbagai cara, baik seleksi terhadap rangakaian periwayatan (isna>d) maupun terhadap redaksi dari hadis tersebut. Meskipun masih banyak dijumpai beberapa hadis yang sengaja dipalsukan hanya demi mendukung golongan tertentu. Hal inilah yang menjadi warisan masa khulafaur rasyidin, khususnya pada masa khalifah â€˜Ali> bin Abi> T{a>lib, dalam proses perjalanan sejarah hadis Nabi SAW., yangmana menjadi salah satu sumber bagi pengkaji hadis dalam meragukan keotentikannya. Penulis menfokuskan kajian kali ini pada beberapa permasalahan meliputi, bagaimana deskripsi dari hadis palsu, sejarah muncul dan berkembangnya, dan cara atau upaya menanggulanginya.Penelitian ini masuk dalam kategori penelitian kualitatif dan bersifat kepustakaan (library reacheach). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah hadis mawd{u>â€™ bukanlah termasuk kategori hadis atau dengan kata lain bukan hadis Nabi. Namun dalam pembahasan â€˜ulu>m al-h{adi>th, hadis mawd{u>â€™ tidak bisa dilepaskan. Terpecahnya umat Islam pasca masa khulafa>â€™ al-ra>shidu>n ternyata berimplikasi terhadap perjalanan hadis, yaitu banyak munculnya pemalsuan hadis yang digunakan untuk melegitimasi kelompok mereka masing-masing. Dalam perkembangannya dslam menabentengi hadis, ulama merumuskan teori naqd al-h{adi>th yang terdiri dari naqd al-sanad dan naqd al-matn, dengan mengacu kepada kaedah kesahihan
Los pictogramas para el desarrollo del lenguaje en niños del subnivel 2 del sistema educativo ecuatoriano
Authors: Haro Astudillo Joselyn Alexandra , Anrango León Marjory Estefanía , Carrillo Bejarano Marieta Magdalena , Acosta Ortiz Nelly Patricia , Acosta Ortiz Sandra Victoria
Published: June 2024

Debido al confinamiento por la Covid-19, los infantes se limitaban a interaccionar socialmente, donde se reprimió su desenvolvimiento y desarrollo de procesos cognitivos básicos, como es el lenguaje. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la incidencia de pictogramas en el desarrollo del lenguaje en niños del subnivel 2. La metodología empleada fue investigación-acción con un enfoque cualitativo y un método inductivo. Para el diagnóstico se aplicaron entrevistas a las docentes del subnivel 2, donde la información obtenida permitió corroborar el escaso desarrollo del lenguaje y la necesidad de emplear nuevas estrategias, por otro lado, se observó al grupo de estudiantes para aplicar la escala de estimación con sus indicadores y criterios. Por esta razón, se elaboró una guía didáctica que representó una valiosa contribución al desarrollo del lenguaje, asegurando que todos los educadores tengan acceso a esta herramienta pedagógica, proporcionó a los docentes una estructura efectiva para abordar y potenciar las habilidades lingüísticas, contribuyendo al crecimiento integral de los estudiantes. Finalmente, se determinó que los pictogramas inciden positivamente en el desarrollo del lenguaje, con énfasis en mejorar la capacidad de los estudiantes para comprender y expresar el lenguaje.
A Community Music Therapy Project’s Journey
Authors: Shrubsole Bethan Lee
Published: June 2024

Since starting the music therapy Community-Based Organisation (CBO) Music for Peaceful Minds (MPM) in July 2008 there have been on-going gradual but significant changes to the way music therapy is practised and spoken about worldwide that has both challenged and informed MPM’s local practice in northern Uganda.This paper is a personal reflection of MPM’s work over the past seven years with an aim of explaining what it means to work as a music therapist with a community-driven frame of mind when working in places that need a flexibility of approach. How has this work moved away from conventional music therapy (where symptoms and health problems at an individual level are focussed on in a therapeutic space) (Stige 2002)? And how has MPM evolved alongside the music therapy profession’s changes over the years since the emergence of community music therapy?
Interactive therapeutic music skill-sharing in the West Bank: An evaluation report of project Beit Sahour
Authors: Coombes Elizabeth , Tombs-Katz Michal
Published: June 2024

Interactive therapeutic music skill-sharing projects are becoming more widespread, yet there exists little research into the areas of trainees’ motivations and transfer of skills, aspects that seem vital if the projects are to achieve their goals of upskilling employees and benefitting clients. Project Beit Sahour (2012 – ongoing) aimed to equip teachers and social workers with skills to run such groups in their workplaces. This paper provides an evaluation of the project that took place in the West Bank in two mainstream schools, with particular emphasis on trainee motivation, training programme quality and subsequent use and embedding of knowledge and skills. In order to evaluate the training programme, a series of questionnaires were devised and administered at specific times during and after training. Reports were also requested from the schools involved to obtain further information regarding the areas of evaluation. The paper offers an overall summary of findings, and makes recommendations regarding future areas of investigation in projects of this nature.
Research and Practice: Right and Wrong – A Joint Conference for Counselling, Psychotherapy and the Arts Therapies
Authors: Pickard Beth
Published: June 2024

Research and Practice: Right and Wrong – A Joint Conference for Counselling, Psychotherapy and the Arts Therapies27 June 2015University of South Wales Centre for Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, UK
Early and Long-Term Effects of Comprehensive Pelvic Physiotherapy on Autonomic Disorders in Parkinson's Disease: A case report
Authors: Çınar Betül , İlktaç Abdullah
Published: June 2024

AIM: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms. Pelvic floor dysfunction due to autonomic disorders are common in this population. The purpose of this case report is to assess the early and long-term effects of comprehensive pelvic physiotherapy on autonomic dysfunction in a woman with Parkinson's disease.
MATERIAL AND METHOD: Bladder diary, Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20, Overactive Bladder Questionnaire, Incontinence Severity Index, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire- short form, and PERFECT scheme were evaluated at baseline, immediately after the 12-week comprehensive pelvic physiotherapy program, and after 1-year follow-up.
RESULTS: Improvements were detected in all parameters in the short term and maintained in the long term.
CONCLUSION: We think that a comprehensive pelvic physiotherapy program is an effective method that can non-invasively improve the symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction and quality of life seen in Parkinson's disease.
Perspectiva dos Professores das Escolas sobre a Inserção da Modelagem Matemática na BNCC
Authors: Rodrigues Márcio Urel , Brito Acelmo de Jesus , Silva Luciano Duarte da , Gonçalves William Vieira
Published: June 2024

No presente artigo, apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa que objetivou investigar as percepções de professores que ensinam Matemática na Educação Básica em relação à presença da Modelagem Matemática na Base Nacional Comum Curricular – BNCC. Utilizamos uma abordagem qualitativa para descrever e interpretar as informações obtidas por meio de um questionário online – Google Docs, o qual foi respondido por 40 professores que ensinam Matemática em 2022. Sistematizamos os dados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo a qual nos proporcionou a constituição de seis Unidades de Registro e duas Categorias de Análise. Como resultados, identificamos que 17,5% dos professores que ensinam Matemática, apontaram a superficialidade da Modelagem Matemática na BNCC e 82,5% destacaram que a Modelagem Matemática está presente de uma maneira evidente e explícita na BNCC,pois caracteriza-se como um Processo Matemático, ou seja, uma alternativa metodológica privilegiada para dinamizar o ensino e melhorar a aprendizagem em Matemática dos alunos na Educação Básica.
Ensino da Matemática na Modalidade Remota:
Authors: Becker Roseclér  de Souza , Mathias Carmen Vieira , Porta Leonardo Dalla
Published: June 2024

Em meio ao caos da pandemia ocasionado pela Covid-19, onde toda a sociedade foi afetada diretamente pela distância física, as escolas e os profissionais da educação também tiveram que criar meios para dar continuidade ao processo de ensinar. Nessa pesquisa, teve-se por objetivo analisar as percepções dos professores de Matemática sobre o uso das tecnologias digitais durante o período dessa pandemia. Com a presente pesquisa, também se verificou quais os recursos tecnológicos utilizados pelos professores, bem como a relação deles com o uso dessas tecnologias. A pesquisa realizada foi qualitativa, quanto a abordagem do problema e quantitativa quanto a análise dos dados, na qual utilizou-se a ferramenta de Análise Estatística Implicativa, com o auxílio do software CHIC® e para a coleta de dados foi utilizado como instrumentos os questionários. Compreende-se que, os desafios enfrentados e as experiências vivenciadas pelos professores, foram essenciais na construção de propostas educacionais, caminhos metodológicos e olhar para a importância da formação continuada dos professores. Os resultados mostram uma tendência que o uso das Tecnologias Digitais, principalmente do software GeoGebra, contribuíram para o ensino da Matemática na forma remota.
IMPLICAÇÕES DO ESTUDO ESPELEOCLIMÁTICO NA GESTÃO DA VISITAÇÃO DA CAVERNA DO DIABO (ELDORADO-SP)
Authors: Lobo Heros Augusto Santos , Bichuette Maria Elina , Sallun Filho William
Published: June 2024

A Caverna do Diabo é a primeira caverna oficialmente aberta para o turismo no Estado de São Paulo e uma das mais visitadas atualmente. A gestão de seu uso turístico é definida por um Plano de Manejo Espeleológico, o qual traz tanto os limites diários de visitação quanto diretrizes de monitoramento da visitação e do ambiente. De forma a atender as necessidades de detalhamento nos estudos previamente realizados, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa de monitoramento do espeleoclima da caverna e área adjacente, com aferição de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar. Os resultados foram analisados de forma descritiva e em conjunto com os dados de visitação. Observou-se que as variações do ciclo dioturno no interior da caverna respondem em pouco tempo as variações externas, evidenciando elevada conectividade atmosférica na região monitorada. Os impactos da visitação foram observados somente na temperatura do ar e em apenas um ponto monitorado, com variações de intensidade e permanência pouco significativas. Dentre as conclusões, destacam-se: a recomendação de alteração dos níveis de fragilidade do espeleoclima de um trecho monitorado e, caso seja de interesse da gestão, a rediscussão da capacidade de carga turística dos roteiros de visitação denominados Tradicional e Erectus.
Formando Profissionais sob a Perspectiva da Evolução na Adoção de Sistemas em Nuvem
Authors: Carmo Luiz Fernando Rust da Costa , Madruga Ewerton Longoni
Published: June 2024

Um sistema de software é construído com diferentes componentes criados por diferentes fornecedores, cada qual com seu nível de maturidade de desenvolvimento. A segurança desses sistemas, especialmente na era da Inteligência Artificial Generativa e computação em nuvem, demanda novas abordagens de ensino. Essencial é a compreensão dos modelos de serviço em nuvem (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS), responsabilidade compartilhada, normas (ISO 27001, NIST CSF, ISO/IEC 15408), e catálogos de vulnerabilidades, entre outros. O ensino de segurança cibernética torna a compreensão de cada um destes aspectos um novo desafio acadêmico que requer adaptações curriculares e o uso de novas plataformas educacionais para sala de aula e laboratórios que de fato preparem os profissionais para um mercado em constante evolução.
Segurança na Conectividade: Protegendo Redes e Conexões
Authors: Nogueira Michele
Published: June 2024

A conectividade é a principal sustentação da era digital e do mundo hiperconectado, desde a Internet até as redes de acesso em ambientes empresariais, residências, manufaturas, universidades e outros, passando pelos dispositivos da Internet das Coisas. Este artigo explora de forma abrangente e de fácil leitura os desafios e as principais técnicas no campo da segurança na conectividade em um cenário global hiperconectado. A interconexão lógica e física de dispositivos por tecnologias diversas, como Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, fibra óptica e satélites, eleva os riscos de segurança cibernética, exigindo medidas robustas para proteger a confidencialidade, integridade e disponibilidade dos dados transmitidos. Ele destaca a implementação de tecnologias de segurança, como firewalls, sistemas de detecção e prevenção de intrusões (IDS/IPS), criptografia e autenticação forte. Também, ele discute a importância da segmentação de rede, redes privadas virtuais (VPN) e o papel crescente da inteligência artificial no monitoramento e na classificação de comportamento de rede para prevenção proativa de ameaças. Este estudo destaca a necessidade de uma abordagem integrada e atualizada para a segurança na conectividade, que inclui não apenas tecnologias avançadas, mas também práticas de governança e políticas de segurança que acompanhem a evolução contínua das ameaças cibernéticas.
A Importância dos Fatores Humanos para a Cibersegurança
Authors: Hoepers Cristine
Published: June 2024

Um profissional de Cibersegurança precisa, dentre outras habilidades, compreender os fatores humanos inerentes a ataques de engenharia social. Este artigo faz uma reflexão sobre a necessidade de considerar o ser humano o elo principal da cadeia, que possui pontos fortes e fracos, mas não necessariamente é o elo mais fraco. Para sermos profissionais melhores e atingirmos os objetivos de transformar o comportamento dos usuários, , precisamos entender além da tecnologia, também os aspectos de psicologia e evolução da espécie que possam nos trazer insights sobre como pensamos e porque agimos de determinadas maneiras de forma a aumentar a proteção de dados pessoais e organizações.
Cibersegurança, sociedade e futuro
Authors: Pinheiro Patricia Peck Garrido
Published: June 2024

A sofisticação das ações dos criminosos virtuais tornou a conformidade com a cibersegurança um tópico cada vez mais importante nos conselhos de administração das empresas e em relatórios anuais. A cibersegurança, crítica para todos os setores, exige equipes multidisciplinares e protocolos transparentes para lidar com desafios técnicos, de governança e educacionais. A inteligência artificial exacerbou pontos fracos da cibersegurança, exigindo a validação de identidades para reduzir riscos. A crescente preocupação com a cibersegurança está refletida em regulamentações como a LGPD e a PNCiber. Ao mesmo tempo, a cultura de cibersegurança deve ser proativa e responsiva para ser eficaz. A abordagem da cibersegurança exige cooperação internacional, dada a natureza transnacional do ciberespaço. Outros desafios incluem a abordagem da ética e da privacidade a partir do projeto de criação como um requisito do sistema.
Mit der Telemedizin gegen den Landarztmangel? Chancen und Grenzen digitaler Anwendungen für eine flächendeckende Gesundheitsversorgung
Authors: Futterer Andrea
Published: June 2024

In immer mehr ländlich geprägten Regionen gelingt es nur schwer, die wohnortnahe ambulante medizinische Versorgung sicherzustellen. Die tradierten Instrumente der zuständigen Akteure stoßen an ihre Grenzen und auch ergänzende kommunale Initiativen erweisen sich in aller Regel als maximal partiell wirksam. Unter diesen Instrumenten gilt die Telemedizin als Hoffnungsträgerin, insbesondere für den ländlichen Raum. Der Beitrag analysiert anhand qualitativer empirischer Daten, welche Rolle die Telemedizin in der Bekämpfung des Landarztmangels vor Ort spielt. Dabei wird neben den beständigen Hindernissen insbesondere auf die kommunale Perspektive zur Erschließung telemedizinischer Potenziale eingegangen.
Optimum Surfactant Concentration for Preparation of Amiodarone Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Theoretical Estimation Versus Experimental Results by Box-Behnken Design
Authors: Khaleseh Farnaz , Barzegar-Jalali Mohammad , Zakeri-Milani Parvin , Islambulchilar Ziba , Valizadeh Hadi
Published: June 2024

Background: Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are colloidal carriers made up of lipids that are stabilized by surfactant molecules. The lipid matrix remains solid at body temperature. A significant challenge in the preparation of SLNs is determining the optimal concentration of surfactants due to their potential toxicity. Objectives: During the preparation of SLNs, micelle structures tend to form at high concentrations of surfactants. Since micelles exhibit different properties from SLNs, using the optimum concentration of surfactants leads to the preparation of a consistent formulation of SLNs. This was theoretically predicted in this study and then compared with experimental results. Methods: In this study, amiodarone-loaded SLNs were produced via a hot homogenization process. The design of experiments was utilized to explore effective process parameters, as several factors influence the formulation characteristics. The concentration of surfactants was optimized using a Box-Behnken design. The results were compared with a theoretical equation developed in this study, which estimates the concentration of surfactants needed to cover the surface of the particles. Assessments included particle size and morphology, size distribution, drug loading percentage (DL%), and encapsulation efficiency (%). Results: The particle size of the optimum formulation was 74 ± 1.5 nm, with DL% and EE% being 14.81 ± 0.8% and 97.58 ± 2.5%, respectively. The formulation contained 2.3% Witepsol, 0.25% glyceryl monostearate (GMS), 0.5% amiodarone (AMI), 0.02% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), 0.05% poloxamer, and 0.17% lecithin. The total surface area of the particles was estimated according to the equation 6× (volume of the lipid phase)/ (diameter of particles), which can be applied to determine the concentration of surfactants required for preparing SLNs. Conclusions: The results indicated that the theoretical equation was suitable for estimating the optimum concentration of surfactant in the aqueous phase to form SLNs and adequately cover the lipid surface. Mathematical estimations were comparable to the experimental results from the Box-Behnken design. Consequently, the formulation consisted of SLNs without any micellar structure, and the applied concentrations of surfactants effectively covered the surface of the particles.
The Gender-Specific Dynamics of Charismaphobia in Relation to Body-Esteem and Self-Esteem: Implications for Cosmetic and Psycho-dermatology
Authors: Husain Waqar , Nasir Malik Maha
Published: June 2024

Background: Humans have engaged in various beliefs, attitudes, actions, and medical procedures to enhance their physical attractiveness. This pursuit has led to several psychodermatological disorders, including charismaphobia, which is the fear of becoming unattractive. Objectives: Offering fresh perspectives to mental health practitioners and cosmetic dermatologists, the current study addresses a significant gap in knowledge by exploring the gender-specific dynamics of charismaphobia in relation to body esteem and self-esteem. Methods: The survey involved 879 conveniently selected participants, including both men (n = 261) and women (n = 618). The Charismaphobia Scale, Body-Esteem Scale, and Self-Esteem Scale were used, along with a demographic information questionnaire. Results: Women exhibited significantly higher levels of charismaphobia compared to men (Men = 52.53%; Women = 68.04%; P = 0.000; Cohen’s d = 0.710). Conversely, men demonstrated significantly greater body-esteem (Men = 80.03%; Women = 70.37%; P = 0.000; Cohen’s d = 1.040) and self-esteem (Men = 68.85%; Women = 53.69%; P = 0.000; Cohen’s d = 0.985) compared to women. A significant inverse correlation was identified between charismaphobia and both body-esteem (r = -.329; P < 0.01) and self-esteem (r = -.608; P < 0.01). In both men and women, self-esteem had a stronger impact on charismaphobia than vice versa (P < 0.01). The findings affirmed the greater relevance of self-esteem in influencing charismaphobia compared to body-esteem (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The current study highlights the unfair pressure placed on women to meet societal standards of beauty, explaining why charismaphobia is gender-specific. The study recommends embracing one's multifaceted identity, beyond physical appearance, to cultivate robust self-esteem and avoid the detrimental effects of charismaphobia. It emphasizes the fundamental roles of self-esteem and body-esteem in this process.
Role of celestial navigation in modern day and future navigation
Authors: Lušić Zvonimir , Pinčetić Tony , Esko Krančević Paško
Published: June 2024

This paper discusses the current and future role of celestial navigation and its application on board ships and in maritime educational institutions. Accordingly, the question is whether the governing bodies of the maritime industry should maintain their position unchanged or whether they should increase or decrease the importance of celestial navigation as part of the competencies of future officers. Celestial navigation, its evolution and the various methods of application, the possibilities of implementing future technologies, have all been the subject of many papers, but still no clear answer in which direction to go and what we can expect in years to come. The paper will systematically review and analyze existing legislation and recommendations, especially STCW (Standards of Training Certification and Watchkeeping and IMO (International Maritime Organization) acts. Also, the paper will provide an overview of various papers on this topic and the existing most used methods. An overview of what is considered a modern solution is also provided. The focus is on the advantages and disadvantages of celestial navigation in the context of the future environment in the maritime industry.
Monitoring the utilization of the vhf maritime mobile band in the northern adriatic using software-defined radio scanner
Authors: Valčić Sanjin , Brčić David , Žuškin Srđan , Škrobonja Antonio
Published: June 2024

The Very High Frequency (VHF) maritime mobile band is regulated by the Appendix 18 of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Radio Regulations, which contains a list of channels and their designated frequencies. Shipboard VHF stations shall at least maintain a proper radio watch on the VHF channel 70 for Digital Selective Calling (DSC) purposes and on the radiotelephone VHF channel 16 for distress, urgency and safety communications, as well as for routine calling. In addition to the mentioned channels, the ships should also keep watch on the channels allocated for the reception of various information important to the safety of navigation, depending on the national rules valid in different navigational areas. In order to be able to maintain watch on all the mentioned channels simultaneously, it is necessary to have a suitable receiver(s). Considering all the above, this paper provides an analysis of the use of a low-budget Software-Defined Radio (SDR) receiver for monitoring all transmitting frequencies in the VHF maritime mobile band, from a fixed location in the northern Adriatic. The results of the analysis show the frequency of (non)use of the VHF maritime mobile band in the line of sight of the fixed maritime VHF antenna, with special reference to the channels assigned to the Croatian Vessel Traffic Service (VTS Croatia). The above analysis can serve to consider the possibility of using small low-budget SDR devices in maritime communications in general.
Design of an operational model to improve the efficiency of container carriers in Panama Pacific ports
Authors: López Marilyn , Martínez de Osés Francesc Xavier , Millan Rodríguez Maria Josefa
Published: June 2024

Los puertos de contenedores de Panamá en la costa del Pacífico están ubicados en la entrada del Canal de Panamá en su lado pacífico. Esta situación supone que todo el tráfico que ingresa al canal o se dirige a las terminales portuarias, comparte el mismo espacio. Esta situación puede provocar congestión y retrasos en la llegada del barco a la terminal. Desde el punto de vista del flete, el tiempo que el barco espera por un slot de escala es redundante en toda la cadena de transporte requerida. Si además existen obstáculos y tráfico no fluido en el lado de tierra (terminal); la cadena de transporte multimodal se verá afectada en términos de estadías y desconexiones.
 
Este artículo presentará las primeras etapas en el diseño del modelo de desempeño para mejorar la eficiencia del tránsito de carga. A través de un trabajo de campo realizado a través de cuestionarios enviados a los transportistas terrestres, junto con una serie de entrevistas a responsables del transporte y del área marítima. Nos muestran resultados que indican que el tiempo promedio máximo actual que tarda un transportista en cada proceso para poder entregar y/o recoger una carga es de 30 minutos. Esto sugiere que es necesario fortalecer los procesos, para lograr una reducción de tiempos.
Ranking of Adriatic Sea container ports using DEA
Authors: Mansouri Kaleibar Mozhgan , Krmac Evelin
Published: June 2024

Ports are important transport hubs and facilitate the movement of goods for businesses in local communities and global markets. Ports on the Adriatic Sea play a special role in European transport due to their shorter distance to Asian and African markets. The ranking of ports is important not only to assess their efficiency, but also to create a competitive environment and enable port managers and policy makers to recognise and take into account their strengths and weaknesses, leading to an improvement in the performance of ports in general. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric method for evaluating and ranking entities. Cross-efficiency is one of the ranking methods that is able to evaluate all decision-making units (DMU), including efficient and inefficient units. This method has been developed in this article for the presence of uncontrollable inputs and undesirable outputs in an uncertain environment. Therefore, the article deals with the ranking of Adriatic container ports from an economic and environmental perspective using the new improved cross-efficiency method.
Spatial analysis of fire hydrant placement in the engine room using the voronoi diagram
Authors: Bayotas Mao Tze
Published: June 2024

Building new ships for navigation requires a proper layout of the different machinery and life-saving appliances. This should conform to the international standard set by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to ensure the seaworthiness of the vessel and safety at sea. Fire hydrants and hoses are two of the most essential firefighting appliances installed onboard. In this study, the proper placement of the fire hydrants was determined using the Voronoi diagram. Considering the maximum length of the fire hoses in the engine room, as stated in the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS 1974), the critical points were plotted using a Cartesian Coordinate System drawn into scale. Distance formula and Voronoi diagram were applied to determine the optimal points for the least number of hydrants covering a much larger area. It was concluded that with different dimensions and orientations of the deck, different placements of the hydrants could be generated. Regardless, the Delaunay Triangulation will always prove the optimum distance between hydrants. This study is of great significance in optimizing the ship design without compromising safety as the shipping industry moves towards a green revolution while adopting the mantra of efficiency.
On-board emission measurements on ships: Lessons learned, practical challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Altarriba Elias , Piispa Marko , Tanhuanpää Taru , Rahiala Sirpa
Published: June 2024

In the future, the need for on-board emission measurements in ships will increase. For example, the FuelEU Maritime regulation obliges certain emission components of renewable fuels to be measured. In some instances, the shipowner can utilize measured emission factors instead of constant values, provided the measurement values are better. This has a growing economic importance in terms of regulations or emissions trading. The same applies to subsequent updates of regulations. The emission measurement laboratory of the South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences called Kymilabs has almost 30 years of experience in measuring ship emissions. Until now, on-board emission measurements have been conducted in addition to research activities due to the statutory obligations of shipowners or equipment suppliers regarding occasional or system commissioning measurements. The systems of newer ships enable the recording of voyage data on a larger scale, so the usability of the measurement results increases considerably for shipowners or scientists. The emission measurement standards set many boundary conditions. Still, successful measurements in ships also require solving many practical but remarkable challenges related to technical execution, measuring equipment, equipment cleanliness, and the ship as a functional and social environment. The objective of this paper is to analyze the gathered experiences and tacit knowledge about issues that should be considered when implementing emission measurements. This is a crucial factor when planning measurements, analyzing, or learning about the results, and it has a significant impact, e.g., developing regulations or requirements and other boundary conditions based on the research work. This paper creates an overview of the technical, experimental, and social aspects related to the measurement process, with the aim of increasing a comprehensive and holistic understanding of the issues that directly or indirectly affect measurement results.
Performance evaluation in the port sector: A systematic literature review
Authors: Carvalho da Silva Jéssica , Ensslin Sandra
Published: June 2024

This study aims to map characteristics of port performance evaluation articles that addressed port efficiency, to verify the types and functions of the metrics presented in the studies and presents evolution of performance evaluation in the port sector. Thus, a Bibliographic Portfolio was selected consisting of 149 scientific articles on the topic investigated. Data collection and analysis were carried out using the intervention instrument ProKnow-C. The results indicate that the majority of the portfolio presents port performance benchmarking (112 articles) and only 37 articles evaluate the performance of ports individually. It can be noted, although the control and communication functions of metrics are widely used in evaluation port performance, the improvement function is minimally explored. Likewise, it is noted that metrics that focus on predicting results are not widely used. However, despite the strong tendency to measure and compare port performance, it is possible to visualize that several studies in the area have presented concerns with management with regard to support for taking decision-making process, the importance of feedback from performance evaluation systems aimed at continuous improvement in the port sector, identifying bottlenecks and proposing improvements, forecasting productivity and costs, strategic management and evaluating performance from the perspective of stakeholders. The contribution of this study is made in a theoretical and practical way through the presentation of a thorough review of the discipline under study and addressing how to position the use of metrics to evaluate the ports performance, demonstrating their functions and types, and pointing out opportunities for future research.
Covid-19 and after: About human factors and welfare in shipping
Authors: Carrera Arce María , Baumler Raphael , Hollander Johan
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 crisis locked sea workers on their ships for extended periods. They have been deprived of their right to repatriation or shore leave. Their employment agreements were extended, medical assistance failed, and financial challenges affected them. The crisis revealed the lack of care for seafarers, which may have mid-term and long-term consequences for this population. The study elaborates on 54 in-depth interviews and confirms challenges such as downgraded working conditions, including high work-related stress and few opportunities for recovery, prioritization of commercial interest over well-being, limited or no signs of improvements in seafarers' well-being, and insufficient care for seafarers.
Additionally, the data indicates seafarers have been particularly resilient and adaptive during the crisis. However, the absence of care and respect combined with the insufficient recognition of their role after the crisis may seriously augment the intention to quit the occupation. Cooperation between the industry and authorities was deemed insufficient to protect seafarers' well-being and health globally. In conclusion, the COVID-19 crisis revealed the shipping industry's latent deficiencies in caring for seafarers. Interviewees agreed that the future of shipping depends on establishing a culture of care.