bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Yalta Conference of the “Big Three” in 1945 and Ukraine’s Appearance on the International Stage
Authors: Kudryachenko A.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the decisions of the Yalta international conference of the leaders of  the  Allied States, i.e.  USSR,  USA and  UK, aimed at solving the key issues of the final stage of  war with Nazi Germany and its satellites: coordination of military activities,  creation of four occupation zones on German territory, declared common goal of unconditional surrender as well as the principles of the post-war demilitarization and denazification of Germany, just punishment of war criminals, compensation for damages caused by the Nazis and  creation of the inter-Alliance  Control Commission in Moscow.

The article considers the agreed decisions on establishing a permanent mechanism for regular consultations among the three Foreign Ministers of the Allied States related to  post-war arrangement and order in Europe and the world as well as the Allies’ policy on liberated territories. The author analyses the conditions leading to creation of the new system of relations and spheres of influence of the great powers in the world. The article contains a special  analysis of Allies’ decisions regarding  creation of the UN and  inclusion of Ukraine into the number of states-founders of this international organization. The issues related to legal capacity of Ukraine in the post-war decades are also considered.
Based on the Experience of Integrating National History with World History: World Historical Issues Raised in Multivolume “Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine”
Authors: Vidnianskyi Stepan
Published: June 2021

The article focuses on scientific, practical and socio-political importance of the multivolume “Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine” compiled and published by the Institute of History of Ukraine, the Academy of Science of Ukraine. The paper estimates specific character of Encyclopedia, its structure, content and logical coherence, interrelatedness of separate thematic blocks and articles covering world history issues. The materials selected for the Encyclopedia proved to be thoroughly researched and are based on specific examples. They are mainly related to the landmark political and social events in the world history which affected the fate of Ukraine and its people. Cultural overviews place a great focus on the relations between various states and Ukraine, highlight key events in international relations and their relevance to Ukraine and the “Ukrainian Question”, spotlight foreign policy of Ukraine. Much attention is paid to outstanding personalities (state leaders, politicians, scientists, cultural figures) who left a rich legacy in the history of the country.
British Experience on Democratic Interaction between Power and Opposition
Authors: Yakovenko N.
Published: June 2021

The article deals with complex interactions of main political forces inside the British Parliament, activities of Her Majesty’s Opposition in different periods of historical development of Great Britain. Constructive competition between Opposition and the ruling party is stressed as a phenomenon causing progressive development of the United Kingdom and coming to proper decisions concerning its further democratic course. Both power and Opposition are mentioned to be united by the same purpose which is flourishing and common good of their state, welfare of their citizens and stable vision of the future. Relations between power and Opposition are always complex, multidimensional and sensitive to any changes in the political era. Significant influence on the nature of their relationship is made through the transformation taking place in modern society and its scientific perception. In the UK it is the active Opposition provides dynamism and fruitfulness, so that parliamentary government has the ability to predict future horizons of its reign.

Studying the many-sided British experience in the labyrinth of power seems to be extremely significant for Ukraine considering its complicated apprehension of contradictory interaction and between power structures and other political forces facing contemporary challenges.
World Congress of Ukrainians on the USA Ukrainian Diaspora’s Pages of Periodicals (Since 1991) – Key Priorities to Preserve the National Identity
Authors: Bilovus L.
Published: June 2021

The main aspects of the World Congress of Ukrainians’ activities aimed at the preservation the Ukrainian Diaspora’s national identity are revealed in the article. Due to the analysis of Ukrainian periodicals in the United States (“Svoboda”, “Mist”, “Chas i Podii”) the vigorous activity of the Ukrainian association in the presentation of Ukrainians among the international community has been identified. The World Congress of Ukrainians has been working efficiently to preserve the religious and cultural heritage, national identity, and it has been also making significant efforts for Ukraine’s entering the Western educational and political space as well. The materials of periodicals suggest a lot of information on the association’s activities in the protection of future generations from the assimilation; on a sustainable cooperation with the USA government officials in order to support Ukraine, defending the right of Ukrainians to establish the historical justice about Holodomor-Genocide, its statehood and unity. Attention is paid to the Congresses of organization, as Chief Executive and heads of committees’ reports show the diversity and importance of the activity of the World Congress of Ukrainians.
MORTES POR ACIDENTES DE TRÂNSITO OCORRIDOS ENTRE IDOSOS EM RODOVIAS NO BRASIL
Authors: FERNANDES FLÁVIA EMÍLIA CAVALCANTE VALENÇA , MELO ROSANA ALVES DE , SANTOS JOEBSON MAURILIO ALVES DOS
Published: June 2021

O OBJETIVO DO ESTUDO FOI DESCREVER OS ACIDENTES DE TRÂNSITO OCORRIDOS ENTRE IDOSOS EM RODOVIAS FEDERAIS BRASILEIRAS. TRATOU-SE DE UM ESTUDO DESCRITIVO COM A UTILIZAÇÃO DOS DADOS SECUNDÁRIOS DOS REGISTROS DOS ACIDENTES DE TRÂNSITO OCORRIDOS EM RODOVIAS FEDERAIS NO BRASIL E REGISTRADOS NA BASE DA POLÍCIA RODOVIÁRIA FEDERAL. AS VARIÁVEIS DO ESTUDO ENVOLVERAM INFORMAÇÕES DAS VÍTIMAS, DO ACIDENTE, DA VIA E CONDIÇÕES METEOROLÓGICAS. LANÇOU-SE MÃO DA ESTATÍSTICA DESCRITIVA POR MEIO DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE FREQUÊNCIA E MEDIDAS DE TENDÊNCIA CENTRAL E DISPERSÃO COM SEUS RESPECTIVOS INTERVALOS DE CONFIANÇA DE 95%. OS ACIDENTES ACOMETERAM PRINCIPALMENTE IDOSOS ENTRE 60 E 69 ANOS, COM MÉDIA DE 67,1 ANOS (DP67,1) DE IDADE. OS HOMENS FORAM MAIS PREVALENTES NAS OCORRÊNCIAS (75,9%). A MAIORIA DOS ACIDENTES APRESENTAVA REGISTRO DE VÍTIMAS FERIDAS (72,2%) SENDO A MAIORIA CONDUTORES DOS VEÍCULOS. O PRINCIPAL VEÍCULO ENVOLVIDO FOI O AUTOMÓVEL (51,2%) E O TIPO DO ACIDENTE FOI COLISÃO E/OU ENGAVETAMENTO (54,5%). OS ACIDENTES OCORRIAM PRINCIPALMENTE EM PLENO DIA (65,0%), SENDO A HORA MÉDIA DE OCORRÊNCIA ÀS 13H (DP 5,2) E NO FINAL DE SEMANA. QUANTO ÀS CONDIÇÕES DA VIA, OBSERVOU-SE QUE OS ACIDENTES OCORRIAM PRINCIPALMENTE EM VIAS RETAS (67,9%), E CUJA CONDIÇÃO METEOROLÓGICA ERA CÉU CLARO (55,6%). QUANTO ÀS CAUSAS DO ACIDENTE, A FALTA DE ATENÇÃO DO CONDUTOR FOI A DE MAIOR PREVALÊNCIA (36,9%). ESSES RESULTADOS REFORÇAM A NECESSIDADE DE ADOÇÃO DE MEDIDAS DE PREVENÇÃO E FISCALIZAÇÃO VISANDO À REDUÇÃO DESSES ACIDENTES, EM ESPECIAL ENTRE OS IDOSOS
Gadolinium Deposition in Brain after Intravenous Injection of Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents
Authors: Gennadievich Bychenko Vladimir , Mikhailovich Syrkashev Egor , Sergeevich Balashov Ivan
Published: June 2021

Background: Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA) are commonly used in MRI. GBCA have been linked to signal changes in dentate nucleus and globus pallidus. Purpose: To assess the degree of gadolinium accumulation in brain structures among patients with GBCA administrations. Materials and methods: Retrospective study included 224 patients: 197 patients who underwent more than two MRI with linear-type GBCA and 27 patients from control group who underwent at least two MRI without GBCA. Results: Statistical analysis of the main group revealed positive correlation between difference in signal intensity of GP/thalamus ratio to the number of previous MRI with GBCA (r=0.145, p=0.042), with a time interval between first and last MRI (r=0,221, p=0,002), as well as to patients age (r=0.145, p=0.042). For difference in ND/ pons ratio positive correlation was found only with the number of previous studies with GBCA (r=0.172, p=0.016). Statistical analysis of patients who received GBCA of the same type (gadodiamide or gadopentetic acid) revealed the following correlations: in patients who were administered gadodiamide, a positive correlation was found between ND/pons ratio and the number of previous studies with GBCA (r=0,280, p<0,5). In patients who were administered gadopentetic acid, no correlation was found between the difference in GP/thalamus ratio, in ND/pons ratio and the number of studies with GBCA. Conclusions: Increased signal intensity at the pale globes and the dentate nuclei on pre-contrast images may be related to the number of studies performed with linear-type GBCA.
The Suitability of Granite and Granite-Gneiss of part of Minna Sheet 164 SW North-Central Nigeria as Construction Aggregates
Authors: Sidi A.A , Waziri N.M , Musa A. , Hamidu A. , Liman H.M , Abdullahi A.
Published: May 2021

Geotechnical tests were performed on granite and granite-gneiss rock samples of parts of Minna to know their suitability as construction aggregates. Eight rock samples were selected for porosity test, impact value, specific gravity and absorption capacity. The average porosity of the samples is 0.21, 0.12, 0.30, 0.10, 0.25, 0.25, 0.24 and 0.11 respectively for L1, L14, L15, L19, L21, L23, L25 and L29 which shows they are normal except L15 with a high porosity. Average impact value of the samples show they are suitable for wearing surface course in road and bridge construction, except samples L14 and L19 with average impact value of 32.8 and 34.9 respectively making them suitable only as bituminous macadam (maximum value = 35%). Sample L1 is not suitable as construction aggregates because it exceeds the maximum value specified for that purpose. The average specific gravity of the rocks are L1=2.68, L14=2.65, L15=2.65, L19=2.67, L21= 2.63, L23= 2.71, L25=2.65, and L29=2.69 respectively and which make them suitable as normal weight materials for construction. The average absorption capacity values of the rock samples are 0.20%, 0.20%, 0.50%, 0.10%, 0.25%, 0.10%, 0.50% and 0.20% respectively for samples L1, L14, L15, L19, L21, L23, L25, and L29. All testing followed the respective ASTM standards.

Keywords: Geotechnical testing, construction aggregates, granite, granite-gneiss, Minna, Nigeria.
Public Policy in Family Contracts, Part II: Antenuptial Contracts
Authors: Bonthuys Elsje
Published: May 2021

This, the second part of an article on public policy in contracts between family members, focuses on legality in antenuptial contracts, particularly those which exclude all forms of sharing between spouses. The Matrimonial Property Act 88 of 1984 is now 35 years old and, apart from writing, it neither requires formalities to ensure that prospective spouses who enter into antenuptial contracts fully appreciate the consequences of their agreements, nor does it guarantee that the agreed upon property system is fair to both spouses. Instead, the focus is upon protecting the interests of third parties and creditors. The common-law principle of immutability makes it very onerous for parties to change the matrimonial property consequences during their marriage and, because the judicial discretion to order redistribution of benefits at divorce is limited to marriages concluded before the implementation of the Matrimonial Property Act, enforcement of antenuptial contracts at the termination of the marriage can lead to grossly unfair results. This unfairness has implications for gender equality, both because of gendered disparities in bargaining power at the conclusion of antenuptial contracts and legislation which limits the courts’ ability to deviate from contracts which mostly favour men, while retaining a discretion to deviate from contracts which tend to favour women. This article argues that the second leg of the public policy test, as articulated by the Constitutional Court in Barkhuizen v Napier can remedy the inadequacies in the statutory and common law by allowing the courts to consider inequalities in bargaining power and unfairness at the time of the enforcement of antenuptial contracts, in effect overriding the principle of immutability and creating a residual judicial discretion not to enforce an antenuptial contract.
Bringing Gender and Class into the Frame: An Intersectional Analysis of the Decoloniality-As-Race Critique of the Use of Law for Social Change
Authors: Dugard Jackie , Sánchez Angela María
Published: May 2021

During 2017, South African decoloniality theorist Tshepo Madlingozi argued, in relation to the ongoing socio-political and economic exclusion of the black majority in South Africa, that the post-1994 rights-based constitutional order represents more continuity than rupture, consolidating a triumph of social justice over liberation and a privileging of the democratisation paradigm over the decolonisation one. In Madlingozi’s critique of the “neo-apartheid” social justice order, race continues to be the most important dividing line, and human rights constitute a western “perpetuation of the coloniality of being”. This argument resonates with broader contemporary critiques of the weak, compromising and imperial nature of human rights. Against this backdrop, we examine the potential, as well as the limits, of using human rights as a tool for social change. Engaging an intersectional analysis informed by the seminal work of Kimberlé Crenshaw and Nancy Fraser, we find that the focus on decoloniality-as-race obscures other critical fault lines to the detriment of progressive change, and that a radical reading of human rights is capable of correcting this flaw. We argue that the incorporation of gender and class lenses provides a powerful tool to change both the narrative about the drivers of inequality among capitalist democracies and the role of socio-economic rights adjudication within them. Our article is also an invitation to rethink the domestic constitutional histories of the global south by acknowledging rights-based redistributive transformations within the context of market and development policies, and to push for the uptake of rights to empower social struggle and tackle structural disadvantage.
Execution against Residential Immovable Property in terms of High Court Rule 46A
Authors: Brits Reghard
Published: May 2021

This article provides an overview of and commentary on High Court Rule 46A, which deals with the procedural rules for executing a judgment debt against residential immovable property. Rule 46A focusses on two main aspects: determining if it is justified to sell the debtor’s home in execution and, if a sale is ordered, setting a reserve price at which the property is to be auctioned. Therefore, this article analyses the provisions of rule 46A that pertain to these two components, which also serve as two layers of protection for a debtor facing the loss of his or her home.
The Collective Responsibility of Organised Armed Groups for Sexual and Gender-Based Violence during a Non-International Armed Conflict
Authors: Bradley Martha M , de Beer Aniel
Published: May 2021

This contribution considers a possible legal framework for holding organised armed groups (“OAGs”) collectively responsible for acts of sexual and gender-based violence (“SGBV”) during non-international armed conflicts. It argues that a framework providing for collective as opposed to individual criminal responsibility of OAGs is essential. Certain sections of the Articles on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (“Articles on State Responsibility” or “ASR”) are used as a blueprint for achieving such a framework. In this regard, the concepts of international legal responsibility of OAGs, internationally wrongful acts and attribution are analysed in the context of crimes committed by OAGs. In conclusion, the article proposes future research in order to advance the prospect of collective claims and collective compensation for victims of SGBV.
An Evaluation of the Legal Framework for Redressing Sexual Violence in the Boko Haram Insurgency in Nigeria: Challenges and the Way Forward
Authors: Nwotite Anita
Published: May 2021

Sexual violence is one of the human rights violations characterising the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria. These violations include rape, sexual slavery and the abduction of women and girls by members of the insurgent group. Unfortunately, the emphasis has always been on the provision of humanitarian aid rather than redressing these violations. This article argues that although there are laws in place regulating sexual violence in Nigeria, these laws are inadequate in providing redress for the victims. Besides, the laws are rarely implemented to ensure a system of justice for victims, given the patriarchal and cultural antecedents of Nigeria. It is against this background that the article evaluates the legal framework for redressing sexual violence in the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria with a view to revealing the gap that exists therein. To achieve this aim, the article defines sexual violence and instances of such in the Boko Haram context. It also examines the legal framework for redressing sexual violence in Nigeria and the limitations of these laws in that regard. The article further considers the concept of redress and what it entails. Although the article adopts a legal approach, it is concluded that this approach is inadequate in addressing the issue at stake and that, in addition, a resort to extra-legal or other radical measures is needed. To address this challenge, the article among other things, recommends the eradication of cultural practices and negative values encouraging sexual violence; stipulation of a timeframe within which cases of sexual violence must be redressed; the appointment of an independent monitoring body to ensure the implementation of constitutional provisions in that regard; judicial independence; and advocacy by both civil society organisations and the media as tools to compel the relevant authorities to fulfil their responsibility to protect victims of sexual violence. This, it is submitted, will go a long way to address the vulnerability of Nigerian women and girls faced with sexual violence by insurgent groups.
Meningkatkan Jiwa Kewirausahaan Petani Gunung Leuser Kabupaten Langkat
Authors: Putra M. Umar Maya , Damanik Syafrida
Published: May 2021

Pengabdian Kemitraan Masyarakat ini merupakan konsep aplikasi kuliah kewirausahaan dalam Program Studi Manajemen kewirausahaan di Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Al Azhar berdasarkan Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, diharapkan para petani mengetahui pentingnya kewirausahaan dalam meningkatkan bisnis dan dilanjutkan . Metode yang akan digunakan adalah metode pembelajaran eksperimental dan konsep studi kepustakaan tentang kewirausahaan. Penyampaian berupa ceramah, diskusi kelompok sehingga orang dapat berpartisipasi aktif dalam kegiatan ini. Dalam pelatihan disajikan materi: Konsep berwirausaha. Setelah kegiatan dilakukan, ditemukan bahwa peserta cukup responsif dan antusias dalam mengikuti materi pelatihan, sebagaimana dibuktikan oleh banyaknya pertanyaan yang diajukan oleh para peserta dan ada rencana bisnis yang dibuat untuk membuatnya setelah mendapatkan pelatihan melalui di Universitas Al Azhar.
CONTROLE DO Aedes aegypti: AÇÕES EFICIÊNTES ADOTADAS PELA SECRETARIA DE SAÚDE DE BREJO SANTO EM PARCERIA COM A UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CARIRI- UFCA
Authors: Pereira dos Santos Edicarlos , Pereira de Sousa Gabriel , Raniely Domingos Francisca , Raiel Moraes da Silva José , Barros de Souza Antonio
Published: May 2021

Arboviroses, são doenças que são acometidas no ser humano através da picada da fêmea do Aedes aegypti infectada, depois do diagnóstico por meio exame laboratorial podemos saber qual o tipo da doença gerados na universidade com intuito contribuir com desenvolvimento sustentável do município de Bre. Foram realizadas atividades de pesquisa e extensão universitária UFCA e Secretária de Saúde com mutirões educativos nos bairros com maior incidência do vetor, instalação de armadilhas tipo ovitrampas e capacitação de servidores para atuar como brigadistas. as ações do município em parceria com a UFCA conseguiu obter um controle de 71,43% do índice de infestação do vetor na zona urbana considerando que o percentual de 28,57% não é significativo tendo em vista que mesmo pode ser relativo a ausência de alguns domicílios por não encontra moradores nos domicílios , isso gera a possibilidade que esse percentual considerando este fato poderia chegar a 90% ou  próximo  a  100% de controle do Aedes aegypti. Este problema epidemiológico é uma ameaça a todos, sendo assim o estudantes universitário assume papel primordial para difundir os conhecimentos adquiridos e jo Santo-Ce.
O CONCUBINATO E O DIREITO DE SUCESSÃO DA(O) AMANTE
Authors: Alexandre Ítalo Gabriel Moura , Jordão Nascimento Silva Matheus , Paiva Francisca Juliana Castello Branco Evaristo de
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo evidenciou a discussão entorno das omissões legislativas quanto aos direitos da(o) amante e a sua não participação ao direito de suceder, apresentou assim a constante evolução da entidade familiar e a influencia da cultura conservadora que impede o devido desenvolvimento normativo afim de amparar àqueles que constituem relação de concubinato. A pesquisa mostrou os conhecimentos jurisprudenciais e os princípios basilares atuais acolhidos pelo ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, onde se direcionou por intermédio do conhecimento doutrinário, evidenciou assim, os efeitos sucessórios provenientes das relações concubinárias. O projeto foi desenvolvido através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica com abordagem dedutiva, oportunizando a visão da literatura específica e aludindo as principais jurisprudências que cercam a temática. O trabalho oportunizou o conhecimento do conceito e da evolução histórica do concubinato no Brasil, certificou a incidência das famílias paralelas no ordenamento jurídico e o princípio monogâmico, e um parâmetro geral dos direitos que assistem aos concubinos extraídos das normas presentes no nosso ordenamento brasileiro. Assim, o presente trabalho vislumbra a importância da incidência legislativa no campo normativo que tange à criação de leis específicas, uma vez que os concubinos são pessoas detentoras de direitos e obrigações que em razão da relação constituída muitas vezes é privada de levantar patrimônio e de adquirir independência financeira. O presente trabalho, portanto, mostrou a realidade esmagadora vivenciada pelo (a) amante em conformidade com a evolução da entidade familiar.
Şeker Pancarlarında Bitki Gelişimini Teşvik Eden Bakteri Biyoformülasyonlarının Verim ve Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Fatma , KOTAN Recep , CEYHAN Fatih , SOYTÜRK Çağlar , BARAN Sabri
Published: May 2021

Çalışmada; Kayseri Şeker’e ait Gemerek (Sivas) ve Yahyalı (Kayseri) şeker pancarı ekiliş alanlarında, bakteri içerikli mikrobiyal gübre formülasyonlarının pancar verimi ve kalitesi üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada “Beta marka Zanzibar (NZ) çeşidi çıplak tohum” tercih edilmiş ve 6 farklı bakteri izolatı (Pantoea agglomerans RK-79, Pantoea agglomerans RK-92, Bacillus megaterium TV-3D, Bacillus megaterium TV-6D, Paenibacillus polymyxa TV-12E ve Bacillus subtilis TV-17C) kullanılmıştır. Bu bakterilerden oluşturulan 3 farklı bakteri içerikli formülasyon ve kontrol (K) bakteri içermeyen sadece taşıyıcı sıvı ile kaplanmış tohumlar çiftçi arazilerinde şansa bağlı tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olacak şekilde yürütülmüştür. Bölge çiftçilerinin kendi ekim alanlarında uygulamış oldukları toprak hazırlığı çalışmalarının aynısı deneme alanlarında yapılmıştır. Kimyasal gübre yarı yarıya azaltılmış ve Yahyalı bölgesindeki deneme arazisinde 4,55 kg/da N (Azot) ve 1,25 lt/da bakteri içerikli formülasyonlar uygulanırken kontrol sahasında 18,80 kg/da N kullanılmıştır. Gemerek bölgesindeki deneme arazisinde ise 14,10 kg/da N ve 0,75 lt/da bakteri içerikli formülasyonlar uygulanırken kontrol sahasında 26,10 kg/da N kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, Yahyalı bölgesinde %5.27 verim (kg/da) artışı ve %1.85 polar değeri artışı ile formülasyon 2 uygulaması iyi sonuç gösterirken, Gemerek bölgesinde %16.48 verim (kg/da) artışı ve %9.34 polar değeri artışı ile formülasyon 3 uygulaması en iyi sonucu vermiştir. Bu sonuçlar dahilinde şeker pancarı tarımında verim ve çevre sağlığına yönelik ciddi kazanımların olabileceği öngörülmektedir.
“É preciso conhecer o contexto da comunidade”
Authors: De Oliveira e Silva Jaqueline
Published: May 2021

O presente texto refere-se à pesquisa de mestrado em Antropologia pela Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, que se encontra atualmente nos momentos iniciais de elaboração. Situada no campo da Antropologia da Política, seu foco são os discursos e tensões envolvidos no processo de planejamento e execução de políticas culturais em comunidades tradicionais. Como um estudo de caso, trato da comunidade quilombola de Castainho, localizada no agreste do estado de Pernambuco.
Al-harakat shibaab sittah abril
Authors: Alencar Potyguara
Published: May 2021

O texto em apresentação procurará dissertar e inaugurar questões ao desenvolvimento de um projeto de pesquisa. A proposta aproxima seu foco sobre o surgimento e a reprodução das práticas militantes que fundaram o Al- Harakat Shibaab Sittah Abril (أب ري ل س تة ش باب حركة – Movimento Jovem 6 de Abril), grupo político não partidarizado constituído por jovens cairotas que atuaram em dois eventos históricos da Primavera Árabe: junto à greve operária da cidade de Mahalla al Kubra, no Delta do Nilo, quando criaram a conta virtual “Facebook '6 de abril: o Dia da Raiva'”, e na derrubada do governo militar de Hosni Mubarak, com a concentração na praça Tahrir. O objetivo focalizado é o de reconstruir a memória corporal do movimento através das suas principais lideranças, produzindo uma etnografia que analise as intervenções performáticas urbanas que ainda mantêm em atuação os seus integrantes na cena política da cidade do Cairo contemporânea.
A study of/on India’s middle class
Authors: Sinha Soumodip
Published: May 2021

In order to establish the context of its emergence and the contemporary nature of the Indian middle class, this paper briefly presents its intricate link with colonialism and with economic liberalization. While this debate is focused and concentrated on the discussions in India, it also outlines how international approaches have been used to study it. In doing so, it assesses the ways in which contemporary scholarship is expanding on the theories of class as designed by late nineteenth and early twentieth century thinkers, Karl Marx and Max Weber. It then examines how the ideas of late twentieth century theorists such as Pierre Bourdieu are integrated in understanding and comprehending the new middle class in its relationship with capitalism.
Problema
Authors: Aderaldo Guilhermo , Mailly da Silva Gleicy
Published: May 2021

Texto que lança o "Problema" deste fórum dedicado à definição etnográfica da "cidade".

Tendo, portanto, em vista uma espécie de “retorno da utopia” no momento em que o conceito hegemônico (urbanístico/administrativo) de “cidade” passa a ser interpelado por uma considerável variedade de atores sociais, no espaço das ruas, esta seção convida alguns pesquisadores a, com base em suas pesquisas, refletirem sobre a seguinte questão: Como a reflexão antropológica e as etnografias realizadas na escala microssocial, podem contribuir com o debate atual sobre o modo pelo qual a própria noção de “cidade” vem sendo disputada por distintos e variados princípios e agendas no mundo urbano contemporâneo?
Pluriativismo Okupa
Authors: Morais Lima Andressa Lídicy
Published: May 2021

O convite para este debate me colocou de volta ao início de minha jornada como antropóloga, no ano de 2005, quando ainda na graduação em Ciências Sociais - período em que me lancei ao projeto de fazer uma etnografia comparada sobre o Movimento Okupa em Natal-RN, Porto Alegre-RS e Rio de Janeiro-RJ. Neste momento, havia em mim a curiosidade e o afinco pela pesquisa de campo e vivência okupa, eu me encontrava seduzida pelo conteúdo de protesto e exaltação do grupo e desejava saber mais. Para materializar meu desejo, por meio de um processo de mobilidade acadêmica, fui para Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, onde daria continuidade às disciplinas da graduação em ciências sociais ao mesmo tempo em que faria pesquisa de campo em Porto Alegre, que naquele momento se apresentava como um lugar em que havia no mínimo três okupas acontecendo.
IMPORTANCE AND NECESSITY OF STRENGTHENING OF NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION IN A PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors: Lamanauskas Vincentas
Published: May 2021

Natural science education (NSE) - one of the most actual fields of activity of a comprehensive school. One of most acute problems of today's education - low interest to natural sciences and especially to chemistry. This problem is actual not only in Lithuania, but also all over the world. Many researches of last years specify necessity of perfection of natural science education at all levels of an education system and especially at a level of a primary school.
Acquaintance to natural sciences in a primary school does not meet today's requirements. It is necessary to return teaching of natural sciences in primary schools. The main accent of process of natural science education in a primary school should become a different sort of researches and experiments. The teaching and learning process in primary school level should have strong focus on constructivist learning and the role of social interaction in learning. The teachers should be able to improve motivation for learning through enjoyment and giving children some control of their science activities.
The primary goal of natural sciences in an primary school is acquaintance of pupils to world around, formation of a complete picture of the world to all complex interrelations that further, in the basic school, to pass to studying separate subjects of a natural cycle (for example, chemistry, physics, biology).
One of many reasons of low interest to chemistry - insufficient attention to a component of chemistry in the content of a primary education. For the period of primary school pupils does not receive the basic initial knowledge in chemistry and research skills. On the other hand, teachers of primary classes are not prepared at a sufficient level in sphere of modern natural science education. We should help children learn more about the chemicals that surround them in their everyday life. Also we should to complete the design of equipment and supporting materials for chemistry at the primary school level.
It is obvious, that science remains abstract and alien to young students and they are not attracted to further study. We should try to change such a situation. First of all, a complete system for doing practical work from grade 1 to 4 in science must be carefully designed. Finally, we can note, that encouraging interest in the natural sciences is the priority of education (teaching and learning) process in primary school.
Key words: science education, primary school, priority of education.
THE PROCESS OF NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION: THE ASPECT OF CONCEPTS INTERIORIZATION
Authors: Mocartienė Jūratė , Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė Rita
Published: May 2021

The article presents the results of the research in adoption of the content of the programme “Water” developed by the scientists from the University of Rostock. The sample of the research included school learners from the 2nd and 3rd forms. The data of three testings were analysed and the evaluated change in the school learners’ knowledge development proved that application of the methodology of the programme “Water” significantly improved the respondents’ knowledge of water, its structure, states, the water cycle, the mechanism of water treatment and self-cleaning. This knowledge includes and expands not only learning about the environment, but also develops school learners’ ecological attitude to nature and natural resources. However, only well-established long-term knowledge (which is the focus of the programme under discus-sion) will ensure the application of this knowledge in the further process of natural science education.
The article also presents the analysis of school learners’ reflections on learning, which shows that the respondents, involved in the investigation of the discussed object (i.e. water in this case) demonstrated a better acquisition of the presented material since visual aids, motivation and active involvement of learners are as relevant as the presented information itself.
The conducted research allowed to evaluate the role of the programme “Water” in long-term knowledge adoption, that is, learning and internalisation of concepts. The change in test results showed that information provided together with the concepts daily used by children, which gradually are changed into scientific ones, has a positive effect on formation of concepts of natural science education, their understand-ing and learning.
Key words: natural science education, teaching process, long-term adoption of knowledge, interior-ization of concept.
ASPECTS OF NATURALISTICAL TRAINING REFLECTED IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMAL EDUCATION
Authors: Plytnykienė Danutė , Vėželytė Ramunė
Published: May 2021

Pre-school institution is the first stage of formal education system in the Republic of Lithuania. Each institution creates its own particular education system, coordinates methods, raises tasks corresponding to the requirements of children, family, closest natural environment and society.
The report provides a naturalistical training model reflecting the nature study in various systems of education and in formation of cultural values. The report also underlines the fragment of training contents reflecting the particularity of institution’s programme and the integrity of naturalistical training.
According to the analysed attitude of values the natural world is conceived as undivided and inte-gral. Cultural values are engrained in children’s senses on the basis of naturalistical training. This capacitates children to become mature personalities, thus being able to apply acquired knowledge and competences, to solve problems of every-day life, to cultivate self-confidence, to feel responsibility and to be able to adjust to the changeable environment.
Key words: programme of pre-school education, model of naturalistical training, fragment of training con-tents.
SOME ASPECTS OF TEACHING ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SUBJECTS IN VILNIUS COLLEGE
Authors: Švedienė Sigita , Ališauskienė Tatjana
Published: May 2021

The lecturers of Vilnius College present their experience of teaching environmental protection subjects. The authors discuss learning and teaching methods (contact lectures, laboratory work in groups and seminar presentations) of the natural objects testing, laboratory samples preparation, the modern instrumental methods and techniques (spectroscopy and chromatography) of chemical analysis. During the visits to various companies, the students and accompanying teachers have the possibility to get acquainted with the practical methods already in use in the industrial and research (GLP) laboratories. Socrates /Erasmus Intensive programme „Validation of Instruments and methods“ (IP VALIM) is a part of studies in Vilnius College. Bachelor students introduced into the field of methods’ validation, gave oppotunity to work in multicultural groups. Teachers have possibility to exchange experiences and thought with each other during the intensive programme, to maintain and develop the co-operation and network between teachers of the partner institutions.
Key words: studies programe, sample preparation technologies, the analytical methods of natural objects testing, good laboratory practice.
MODERNIZATION OF EQUIPMENT IN CHEMICAL LABORATORY OF VILNIUS COLLEGE
Authors: Čerčikienė Irena , Jurkevičiūtė Jolanta , Židonytė Dalė
Published: May 2021

The authors share the experience of creating a modern chemical laboratory. Production of modern la-boratory equipment is developing in the direction of implementing measurement decrease, measurement pre-cision and microprocessor control of instruments. In the faculty of Agro technologies Vilnius College has equipped a modern chemical laboratory with up-to-date central tables, affinity cabinets of new construction, vibration-proof tables, analytical balance, central ventilation and air conditioning systems.
Automatic Titrators „METTLER TOLEDO“ are used for classic volume analysis method – titration. „Thermo Spectronic“, spectrophotometer „Genesys”20 UV-VIS“, AAS model „Buck Scientific 210 VGP“ and spectrometer „Varian 640–IR“ are used to determine the molecular composition of a wide range of organic and inorganic materials (testing water, food products, soil and sewage).
The authors of the article express special thanks to the administration of Vilnius College and social partner – Company “Fermentas” for help and support. This modern laboratory provides students of chemical biotechnological analysis with the opportunity to gain practical skills, which will make them sough-after on the labour market and which are essential for their career.
Key words: chemical analysis technology, chemical laboratory, analytical balance, automatic titrator, spectrophotometer, spectrometer.
A Study on Pre Engineered Building And Conventional Steel Structure
Authors: D Siddarth Manoj , P Dr Eswaramoorthi
Published: May 2021

The Pre-Engineered Building (PEB) is being used for making new concept buildings using the new ‘green material’ -steel. Steel framed construction is fast growing in popularity due to relatively simple and standard designs, structural form for its flexibility. This methodology is versatile not only due to its quality prefabrication and pre-designing, but also due to its light weight and economical construction. Pre-Engineered Building is preferred for its optimization of steel about 20 to 30 percent which is efficient from conventional steel building(CSB). In this study an commercial structure is analyzed, designed and compared PEB with the Conventional steel building. Also have considered various applications of the pre-engineered building. One model each for PEB and CSB for a length of 45m ,width 20m, clear height 6m, mezzanine floor for a bay and having slope of 5.71 degree(PEB) and 11.3 degree (CSB) using IS 800-2007 both structures are designed. Parametric study is carried out to assess the performance. The economy of the structure is discussed in terms of its weight.
An Overview of Machine Learning Techniques for Spam Detection
Authors: Ali Rashida , Rampurawala Ibrahim , Wandhe Mayuri , Shrikhande Ruchika , Bhatkar Arpita
Published: May 2021

Spam is nothing but irrelevant content with low quality information sent over the internet typically to a large number of users for the purpose of phishing, spreading malware. Spam is commonly found as images, texts or videos, advertisements & on social networking sites. Different approaches to tackle these unwanted messages, including challenge response model, white listing, blacklisting, are in place to deal with this issue. These solutions are available for end users but due to the dynamic nature of the Web, there are no 100% secure systems around the world which can handle this problem. Machine learning provides better mechanisms that are able to control spam. This paper aims to analyze existing research works in spam detection strategies and approaches, state of art, the phenomenon of spam detection, to explore the rudiment of spam detection, to proposed detection schemes and potential online mitigation schemes. The paper will survey various anti-spam strategies. In the literature we have studied that many anti-spam strategies have been discovered and worked on but they are still open challenges to these different approaches and techniques, while some of them are highlighted in this article. It is very important to work on spam detection and reposition it for the better of the world.
Analytical Behaviour of Coconut Coir Roofing Sheet
Authors: K Jayachandran , V Senthil Kumar.
Published: May 2021

In world wide the ever increasing population in most developing countries and the corresponding increase in demands and need for infrastructural development, there is an urgent need to focus attention on low-cost alternative construction materials. Lignocellulosic fibers from green coconut fruit were dried under suitable conditions. After this, mixture of phenol cardanol formaldehyde resin and hardener are added to the fiber for binding purpose. Then it is impacted and compressed between two corrugated sheets, in order to obtain the shape of the roofing sheets, for 12 hours. After 12 hours of drying, it is then subjected to various tests such as tensile test, flexural test, impact test, compression test, and hardness test. The results are tabulated in order to compare it with GI sheet and asbestos cement sheet. This coconut coir roof sheet can be replace the former roofing sheets because of its durability, high strength, heat resistivity and low cost which i have been collected data from literature survey. The choose of this alternative is based on economic interest because it is very cheap, available with good mechanical properties, and also based on environmental interest because it is eco friendly. Thus this review paper addresses the characterization and performance of the coconut coir roofing sheet.
Ultra-Wideband Networking
Authors: Kandalkar Prachi
Published: May 2021

Ultra broad band (UWB) has emerged as a leading technology for potential wireless applications due to recent developments in wideband impulse technology, low power and communication. When opposed to traditional narrow band networks, ultra-wide band (UWB) wireless communications takes a completely different approach to wireless communication. The technology is generating a lot of buzz around the world. This paper outlines the characteristics, its applications, and advantages and disadvantages. It main focuses on the future change of UWB.
Milestone For E-Navigation: A Concept for Navigational Safety Platform by Means of AISITS
Authors: Ketut Buda Artana  , AAB Dinariyana  , I Made Ariana  , Dhimas Widhi Handani  , Fadilla Indrayuni Prastyasari  , Emmy Pratiwi
Published: May 2021

The implementation of Automatic Identification System (AIS) was based on IMO Resolution MSC.74 (69) Annex III. This has changed the pattern of communication between ships as well as the pattern of communication of ships to the shore. At the same time, this has also encouraged a variety of new research and innovations, which are mainly due to the extremely valuable data transmitted by AIS. AIS's static and dynamic data when combined with various other data such as environmental data, geographical data, ship databases, territorial data will provide opportunities for the emergence of various IT-based applications that can be utilized not only to ensure the safety of ships, but also can be used for environmental protection and guarantee safety of offshore facilities. Various research and innovations have been developed by various educational and research institutions, including ITS in the context of utilizing AIS data as a basis for producing applications in the platform to support e-navigation with the main objectives are to increase the safety of ships at sea and environmental protection. Several applications developed by ITS have also been utilized by the oil and gas industry. This paper presents the implementation of AIS in Indonesia and explain the effort of adopting AISITS as the platform for e- navigation to ensure the safety of navigation in TSS Sunda Strait and Lombok Strait.
The Cadets Experience in Applying Standard Marine Communication Phrases During Training on Board Ship
Authors: Nursyam
Published: May 2021

The aim of the International Maritem Organization Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) is to get round the problem of language barriers at sea and to avoid those misunderstandings which can cause accidents. But, is it used at sea? The key to improve verbal communication is in the recruitment of seafarers who have an understanding of the English language. The training cadets are going to be officers on board ship, otherwise their English communication have to be well prepared weather in campus or on board ship. The objective of this research was to find out the cadets’ experience in applying Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) during training on board ship.This research applied qualitative description. The respondents were the cadets of Barombong Maritime Polytechnic who were sailing on any ships as training cadets. The respondents consisted of 34 Nautical cadets of Batch 58. The research data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by using goggle form to reveal the cadets’ experience in using standard marine communication phrases (SMCP) on the ship.The research result conveyed that the cadets were seldom to use English, particularly SMCP on board ship generally, in fact around 70% of the respondents who were sailing in domestic routes reported that SMCP was used to communicate when their ships passed with foreign ships. Otherwise, more than 80% stated that English is important for seafarers’ profession and SMCP is regarded as one of the communication tools to avoid miscommunication at sea.
Analysis of Photovoltaic as Supporting Electric Power Supply on 02 Sultan Hasanuddin Training Vessel
Authors: Rukmini Rukmini , Sukirno Sukirno , Sunusi Sahabuddin , J.Senda Paris
Published: May 2021

This study aims to analyze the amount of electric power and the profit achieved under the installation of the Photovoltaic array. Solar panel tested was laid on the surface of the Training Ship 02 Sultan Hasanuddin. The technical analysis, namely the calculation of electrical power and economical use of Solar-Powered Electric to support the diesel-powered electric generator as the main source of electrical power. A comparison of power was made by measuring the electric current and voltage variable as well as the financial calculation between the diesel-powered and solar-powered electric generator. The financial calculation was analyzed by using NPV, IRR and PI methods. The results showed that since the power capacity of the Solar Panels was almost similar to the capacity of the Diesel Generator with the output power assumed to be similar, the Solar Panel that supports the Diesel Generator was more profitable than the use of Diesel Generators without supporting solar cells.
Determinants of Maritime Companies’ Financial Performance in Contributing to the Indonesia Maritime Human Resource Development
Authors: Budi Hartono Agus , Gian Hartono Powell , Maria Tinungki Georgina
Published: May 2021

This study examined factors that are assumed to influence the profitability of maritime companies as determinants of company performance in relation to the development of marine human resource development as stipulated in PP 47 of 2012 and PP 51 of 2012. Hypothesis testing was carried out to test the direction and significance of influence of formulated hypotheses The results showed that company age positively affect the profitability of maritime companies. Other factors that had been assumed to affect company profitability turned out to show no significant influences including company size, company growth, and capital structure. Maritime companies are recommended to take into account the managerial implications of this study, while the government is expected consider company size in formulating any regulation regarding PP 51 of 2012.