bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Timescapes of urban change: The temporalities of regenerated streets
Authors: Degen Mónica
Published: April 2018

Urban regeneration strategies since the 1980s have been framed around a recovery and extension of the urban realm by focusing on the redevelopment of streets as loci for public life and social interaction. Research has tended to analyse these changes through an exclusive focus on the effect spatial transformations have in reshaping social life. This article seeks to extend engagement with the concept of the regenerated street by examining its temporal dimensions. Bringing together Lefebvre’s trialectic of the conceived, the perceived and the lived with Adam’s notion of timescapes, the article argues that we need to attend more closely to the multiple temporalities that underpin interventions of urban change. In particular, this article explores how temporalities of planning, the environment and everyday life interact to create unique timescapes of urban change. By drawing on a longitudinal study of the regeneration of the Rambla del Raval in Barcelona, the article explores the multiple, at times interdependent, at times divergent temporalities that are tangled up in the making and experiencing of this street. The article suggests to approach urban regeneration as a long-term process and place making as a temporal practice where a diversity of temporal modalities interact to produce a diverse and dynamic sense of place.
Learning from Blackpool Promenade: Re-enchanting sterile streets
Authors: Edensor Tim , Millington Steve
Published: April 2018

In this article, the authors contend that contemporary urban streets are over-regulated, preoccupied with surveillance, commercial requirements and rapid transit, aesthetically homogeneous and sensually sterile. As an exemplary site of contrast, the article focuses on the recently redesigned Blackpool Promenade. First, it argues that this redesign honours the resort’s popular traditions, its potent heritage and the importance of innovation. Second, it explores how the promenade fosters playful interactions, conviviality and lingering. Third, the article focuses on sensory attributes that enhance the experience of promenaders.
Residents’ Support for P2P Accommodation in Mass Tourism Destinations
Authors: Garau-Vadell Joan B. , Gutiérrez-Taño Desiderio , Díaz-Armas Ricardo
Published: April 2018

Recently, the sharing economy has made a disruptive incursion into the tourism industry. Companies like Airbnb or Wimdu have successfully developed platforms that grant access to accommodation in private homes. However, it seems that conflicts with locals have arisen in different destinations. This study provides an explanatory model to show how the perception of the impacts of the activity influences residents’ attitudes and support. The model was examined using a sample of 1,088 residents in Tenerife (Spain). Results confirm that resident support is directly and positively affected by their perception of the social and cultural impacts, and especially by the economic impacts. It has not been possible to prove the influence of their perception of environmental impacts. Evidence has been gained that perceptions strongly depend on whether locals benefit personally from the activity, and to a lesser extent on their attitude toward the sharing economy and on the state of the local economy.
Scrotal skin nodule: sebaceous cyst or tuberculosis? A lesson learnt!
Authors: Joseph Jojo , Menon Abhinav , Ramanathan Rudra , Misra Deeksha , Rodrigues Gabriel
Published: April 2018

Tuberculosis (TB) is a great mimic of many diseases and may present a dilemma in diagnosis. Sebaceous cyst is the commonest swelling that occurs in the scrotal skin. We present a 23-year-old patient who presented with a painful hard scrotal skin nodule, clinically diagnosed to be an infected calcified sebaceous cyst, excised and reported to be due to TB. Nodular scrotal skin TB is extremely rare but should nonetheless be considered as a differential diagnosis in regions where it is prevalent. Thus, excision of any suspicious nodule is indicated.
Computational phantoms, ICRP/ICRU, and further developments
Authors: Zankl M. , Becker J. , Lee C. , Bolch W.E. , Yeom Y.S. , Kim C.H.
Published: April 2018

Phantoms simulating the human body play a central role in radiation dosimetry. The first computational body phantoms were based upon mathematical expressions describing idealised body organs. With the advent of more powerful computers in the 1980s, voxel phantoms have been developed. Being based on three-dimensional images of individuals, they offer a more realistic anatomy. Hence, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) decided to construct voxel phantoms representative of the adult Reference Male and Reference Female for the update of organ dose coefficients. Further work on phantom development has focused on phantoms that combine the realism of patient-based voxel phantoms with the flexibility of mathematical phantoms, so-called ‘boundary representation’ (BREP) phantoms. This phantom type has been chosen for the ICRP family of paediatric reference phantoms. Due to the limited voxel resolution of the adult reference computational phantoms, smaller tissues, such as the lens of the eye, skin, and micron-thick target tissues in the respiratory and alimentary tract regions, could not be segmented properly. In this context, ICRP Committee 2 initiated a research project with the goal of producing replicas of the ICRP Publication 110 phantoms in polygon mesh format, including all source and target regions, even those with micron resolution. BREP phantoms of the fetus and the pregnant female at various stages of gestation complete the phantoms available for radiation protection computations.
Pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: a case report
Authors: Tsuchiya Takehiro , Tanaka Makoto
Published: April 2018

Pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is a rare disease. Computed tomography in a 54-year-old woman showed a mass compressing the segmental bronchus of the left lung. Bronchoscopy indicated a mesenchymal tumor, hamartoma, or inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Because an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor can potentially clog the segmental bronchus, we performed a left upper division segmentectomy. Pathologic examination revealed an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. In most cases, preoperative diagnosis is difficult because of the varied radiologic manifestations, and it can also be difficult to distinguish from malignancy in small tissue samples.
A unified framework for coordinated multi-arm motion planning
Authors: Mirrazavi Salehian Seyed Sina , Figueroa Nadia , Billard Aude
Published: April 2018

Coordination is essential in the design of dynamic control strategies for multi-arm robotic systems. Given the complexity of the task and dexterity of the system, coordination constraints can emerge from different levels of planning and control. Primarily, one must consider task-space coordination, where the robots must coordinate with each other, with an object or with a target of interest. Coordination is also necessary in joint space, as the robots should avoid self-collisions at any time. We provide such joint-space coordination by introducing a centralized inverse kinematics (IK) solver under self-collision avoidance constraints, formulated as a quadratic program and solved in real-time. The space of free motion is modeled through a sparse non-linear kernel classification method in a data-driven learning approach. Moreover, we provide multi-arm task-space coordination for both synchronous or asynchronous behaviors. We define a synchronous behavior as that in which the robot arms must coordinate with each other and with a moving object such that they reach for it in synchrony. In contrast, an asynchronous behavior allows for each robot to perform independent point-to-point reaching motions. To transition smoothly from asynchronous to synchronous behaviors and vice versa, we introduce the notion of synchronization allocation. We show how this allocation can be controlled through an external variable, such as the location of the object to be manipulated. Both behaviors and their synchronization allocation are encoded in a single dynamical system. We validate our framework on a dual-arm robotic system and demonstrate that the robots can re-synchronize and adapt the motion of each arm while avoiding self-collision within milliseconds. The speed of control is exploited to intercept fast moving objects whose motion cannot be predicted accurately.
Longitudinal Examination of a Bisexual-Specific Minority Stress Process Among Bisexual Cisgender Women
Authors: Dyar Christina , London Bonita
Published: April 2018

Bisexual individuals experience increased risk of mental health disorders compared to lesbian, gay, and heterosexual populations. This increased risk is theorized to arise from the stigmatization of bisexuality (i.e., anti-bisexual stigma). Research has linked anti-bisexual experiences with higher internalized binegativity (i.e., internalized anti-bisexual stigma), sexual identity uncertainty, and anxiety and depression. However, researchers have almost exclusively used cross-sectional designs, limiting our ability to draw conclusions about processes through which anti-bisexual stigma affects mental health. In the current study, we longitudinally examined a proposed bisexual-specific minority stress process in a sample of predominately White (92.2%), self-identified bisexual, cisgender women. Results provide support for the proposed process, indicating that experiencing more frequent anti-bisexual stigma predicted subsequent increases in internalized binegativity and sexual identity uncertainty. In turn, these increases in internalized binegativity were associated with concurrent decreases in strength of identification as bisexual, increases in strength of identification with monosexual identity labels (i.e., heterosexual, lesbian), and changes in visibility management strategies. These changes in identification were associated with concurrent increases in symptoms of anxiety and depression, and changes in visibility management were associated with increases in anxiety. Clinicians should consider this process when treating bisexual clients who present with psychological distress arising from anti-bisexual stigma.
Ultimate strength prediction of two-dimensional tri-axial braided composites based on an analytical laminate model
Authors: Jing Min , Wu Jian , Deng Yaqiong , Ye Wei , Ning Huiming , Sun Dongyang , Wan Ling , Hu Ning
Published: April 2018

An analytical laminate model was newly proposed to predict the ultimate strengths of two-dimensional tri-axial braided composites under in-plane loadings. The composite was modeled as a laminate possessing four plies. Among these four plies, there were three plies consisting of unidirectional fibers along with surrounding matrix and one ply containing only matrix. A progressive ply failure analysis was performed. A series of experiments were conducted. The present model was verified experimentally by using our and other researchers’ data. Moreover, we compared this model’s results with the numerical ones obtained by us. The results show that the present model has the potential to predict the effective elastic properties and ultimate strengths of two-dimensional tri-axial braided composites. Finally, the effect of the braid angle on the mechanical properties of a two-dimensional tri-axial braided composite was explored based on the mentioned model.
Rediscovering the Formative Power of Scripture Reading for the Church
Authors: Maddix Mark A.
Published: April 2018

Central to Christianity is the belief is that the Bible is inspired and authoritative for Christian faith and practice. Even though Christians affirm the authority of the Bible, there is a decline in Bible reading and Scripture usage in worship and discipleship. More recent biblical scholarship, built on a pre-modern approach to interpretation, moves to a reader-centered approach to biblical reading. The focus of this article is to explore a reader-centered approach to Bible reading that gives focus to the role of Scripture as means of formation. This rediscovery of the formative power of Scripture has implications for how the Bible is appropriated in worship and discipleship for the church.
Identification of Domestic Violence Service Needs Among Child Welfare–Involved Parents With Substance Use Disorders: A Gender-Stratified Analysis
Authors: Victor Bryan G. , Resko Stella M. , Ryan Joseph P. , Perron Brian E.
Published: April 2018

The current study examined the prevalence and associations of a need for domestic violence services among child welfare–involved mothers and fathers with substance use disorders. Data were drawn from 2,231 child welfare–involved parents in Illinois with an identified substance use disorder. Approximately 42% of mothers and 33% of fathers with a substance use disorder had a concurrent need for domestic violence services. The sample was stratified by gender and logistic regression models were fit to determine the adjusted odds of an identified need for domestic violence services. For both mothers and fathers, the strongest association was an additional need for mental health services. Age, education status, alcohol use, marijuana use, and a reported history of physical violence victimization were also associated with a need for domestic violence services among mothers, while race, age, marital status, annual income, alcohol use, cocaine use, and a reported history of physical violence perpetration were associated with a need for domestic violence services among fathers. The findings of this study make clear that domestic violence is a commonly co-occurring service need for child welfare–involved parents with identified substance use disorders, and that associations with this need vary by gender.
Managers’ Support for Employee Wellness Programs: An Integrative Review
Authors: Passey Deborah G. , Brown Meagan C. , Hammerback Kristen , Harris Jeffrey R. , Hannon Peggy A.
Published: April 2018

Objective:

The aim of this integrative literature review is to synthesize the existing evidence regarding managers’ support for employee wellness programs.

Data Source:

The search utilized multiple electronic databases and libraries.

Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria:

Inclusion criteria comprised peer-reviewed research published in English, between 1990 and 2016, and examining managers’ support in the context of a worksite intervention. The final sample included 21 articles for analysis.

Data Extraction:

Two researchers extracted and described results from each of the included articles using a content analysis.

Data Synthesis:

Two researchers independently rated the quality of the included articles. Researchers synthesized data into a summary table by study design, sample, data collected, key findings, and quality rating.

Results:

Factors that may influence managers’ support include their organization’s management structure, senior leadership support, their expected roles, training on health topics, and their beliefs and attitudes toward wellness programs and employee health. Managers’ support may influence the organizational culture, employees’ perception of support, and employees’ behaviors.

Conclusions:

When designing interventions, health promotion practitioners and researchers should consider strategies that target senior, middle, and line managers’ support. Interventions need to include explicit measures of managers’ support as part of the evaluation plan.
The Minne-Loppet Motivation Study: An Intervention to Increase Motivation for Outdoor Winter Physical Activity in Ethnically and Racially Diverse Elementary Schools
Authors: Miller Jonathan M. , Wolfson Julian , Laska Melissa N. , Nelson Toben F. , Pereira Mark A.
Published: April 2018

Purpose:

To test the effectiveness of an intervention to increase motivation for physical activity in racially diverse third- through fifth-grade students.

Design:

Natural experiment.

Setting:

Elementary schools in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Participants:

Two hundred ninety-one students in 18 Minne-Loppet Ski Program classes and 210 students in 12 control classrooms from the same schools.

Intervention:

The Minne-Loppet Ski Program, an 8-week curriculum in elementary schools that teaches healthy physical activity behaviors through cross-country skiing.

Measures:

Pretest and posttest surveys measured self-determination theory outcomes: intrinsic exercise motivation, intrinsic ski motivation, autonomy, competence, and relatedness.

Analysis:

Hierarchical linear regression models tested treatment effects controlled for grade, race, sex, and baseline measures of the outcomes.

Results:

Minne-Loppet program students showed significantly greater motivation to ski (β = 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15-1.75) and significantly greater perceived competence (β = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.06-1.50) than students in control classrooms. Treatment effects for general exercise motivation and perceived competence differed by race. African American students in Minne-Loppet classes showed significantly greater general exercise motivation (β = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.03-2.14) and perceived competence (β = 1.95, 95% CI: 0.91-2.99) than African American students in control classes.

Conclusion:

The Minne-Loppet program promoted perceived competence and motivation to ski. Future improvements to the Minne-Loppet and similar interventions should aim to build general motivation and provide support needed to better engage all participants.
Organizational Antecedents of Nonprofit Engagement in Policy Advocacy: A Meta-Analytical Review
Authors: Lu Jiahuan
Published: April 2018

Policy advocacy by nonprofits has attracted substantial scholarly interest in recent years. Although considerable empirical studies have examined factors influencing nonprofit participation in policy advocacy, the existing evidence remains inconsistent as to what factors influence nonprofits to engage in policy advocacy and to what extent. The present study conducts a meta-analysis to quantitatively synthesize existing studies on the organizational antecedents of nonprofit advocacy engagement. Through systematically reviewing 46 studies and aggregating 559 effect sizes on 17 organizational predictors, the study finds organizational size, professionalization, board support, constituent involvement, knowledge about laws, government funding, private donations, foundation funding, collaboration, and negative policy environment have positive and significant relationships with a nonprofit’s level of advocacy engagement. The study contributes a clear knowledge base to guide future nonprofit advocacy research and practice.
Can a Disinflationary Policy Have a Differential Impact on Sectoral Output? A Look at Sacrifice Ratios in OECD and Non-OECD Countries
Authors: Sethi Dinabandhu , Wong Wing-Keung , Acharya Debashis
Published: April 2018

This article examines the sectoral impact of disinflationary monetary policy by calculating the sacrifice ratios for several Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and non-OECD countries. Sacrifice ratios calculated through the episode method reveal that disinflationary monetary policy has a differential impact across three sectors in both OECD and non-OECD countries. Of the three sectors, the industry and service sectors show significant output loss due to a tight monetary policy in OECD and non-OECD countries. But the agricultural sector shows a differential impact of disinflation policy: It shows a negative sacrifice ratio in OECD countries indicating that output growth is insignificantly affected by a tight monetary policy while non-OECD countries yield positive sacrifice ratios, suggesting that the output loss is significant. Further, it is observed that sacrifice ratios calculated from aggregate data are different from ratios calculated from sectoral data.

JEL Classification: E52, E58, C14, O50
Staff Perceptions of Symptoms, Approaches to Assessment, and Challenges to Assessment Among Children With Cancer
Authors: Linder Lauri A. , Wawrzynski Sarah E.
Published: April 2018

Nurses are often the first to recognize and respond to children’s symptoms. This descriptive, exploratory study characterized how pediatric oncology health care providers characterize and assess children’s cancer-related symptoms. The study also explored challenges associated with symptom assessment and information perceived as helpful in planning interventions. The setting was a Children’s Oncology Group–affiliated hospital in the Intermountain West of the United States. Twenty-two pediatric oncology health care providers (95% female; 68% nurses) participated in one of four focus group sessions. Sessions were facilitated by two individuals and included six open-ended questions addressing participants’ perspectives of cancer-related symptoms, approaches to symptom assessment, challenges and frustrations encountered when assessing symptoms, and information needed to plan interventions. Participants identified 75 physical and psychosocial responses that included both subjectively experienced symptoms and other consequences of the cancer experience. Qualitative content analysis procedures organized other responses into categories and subcategories. Participants most frequently reported using observational approaches including physical assessment findings and observation of the child’s behavior to identify symptoms. Strategies that sought the child’s input such as the use of a rating scale or seeking the child’s verbal description were less frequently named. Participants related discerning and interpreting the child’s behaviors as a challenge to symptom assessment. They also reported attention to symptom characteristics as important to planning interventions. Future directions include building capacity to support child-centric symptom assessment. Development of reliable and valid resources for use in clinical settings may support a more child-centric approach to symptom assessment.
What Parenteral Opioids to Use in Face of Shortages of Morphine, Hydromorphone, and Fentanyl
Authors: Davis Mellar P. , McPherson Mary Lynn , Mehta Zankhana , Behm Bertrand , Fernandez Carlos
Published: April 2018

Parenteral potent opioid availability is becoming an issue in acute pain management. Two opioids, nalbuphine and buprenorphine, are available which can be substituted for hydromorphone, fentanyl, and morphine. There are advantages and disadvantages in using these 2 opioids which are discussed, and potential dosing strategies are outlined.
Facial and Nasolabial Aesthetics of Complete UCLP Submitted to 2-Stage Palate Repair With Vomer Flap
Authors: Ozawa Terumi Okada , Reis Luciana Lais Savero , Kato Renata Mayumi , Rocha Diógenes Laercio , Sathler Renata , Garib Daniela Gamba
Published: April 2018

Objective:

To evaluate the aesthetics of nasolabial appearance and facial profile of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) submitted to 2-stage palate repair with vomerine flap.

Design:

Retrospective.

Setting:

Single center.

Patients:

Forty patients with UCLP, mean age of 7.81 years of both sexes, rehabilitated at a single center by 1 plastic surgeon.

Interventions:

Lip and anterior palate repair with nasal alar repositioning was performed at 3 to 6 months of age by Millard technique and vomer flap, respectively. Posterior palate was repaired at 18 months by Von Langenbeck technique.

Main Outcome Measure(s):

Four cropped digital facial photographs of each patient were evaluated by 3 orthodontists to score the nasolabial aesthetics and profile. Frequencies of each score as well means and medians were calculated. Kappa test was used for evaluating inter- and intrarater reproducibility.

Results:

The nasal form and deviation was scored as good/very good in 70%, fair in 22.5%, and poor in 7.5% of the sample. The nasal–subnasal aesthetic was considered good/very good in 55%, fair in 30%, and poor in 15% of the sample. The lip vermilion border and the white part of surgical scar aesthetics were good/very good in 77.5% and 80%, fair in 17.5% for both categories, and poor in 5% and 2.5% of the cases, respectively. In all, 67.5% showed convex facial profile, 20% was straight, and 12.5% was concave profile.

Conclusions:

Two-stage palatoplasty presented an adequate aesthetical results for the majority of patients with UCLP in the mixed dentition.
Assessing Psychological Adjustment to Congenital Craniofacial Anomalies: An Illustration of Methodological Challenges
Authors: Stock Nicola Marie , Feragen Kristin Billaud
Published: April 2018

Background:

Recognition of the challenges inherent in psychology research related to cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and other craniofacial anomalies (CFAs) is far from novel; yet these challenges continue to limit progress within the field. The aim of the present article was to illustrate these challenges by utilizing data extracted from 2 recent literature reviews pertaining to psychological adjustment within CL/P and CFA research.

Design:

Data relating to 148 CL/P and 41 CFA studies were extracted, summarized, and compared, using percentages, figures, and χ2 calculations.

Results:

Comparable patterns were observed in both populations in relation to small sample sizes, wide age ranges, a reliance on data collection from single sites, and limited global coverage. Similarly, only one-third of all studies had used a comparison group, 42% of studies did not include the patient perspective, and fewer than 10% of studies had collected data longitudinally. Qualitative research was lacking across both populations, but particularly in relation to CFA. A higher proportion of CFA studies utilized validated measures and were less likely to exclude patients with additional anomalies. CFA studies most frequently focused on behavior and overall quality of life, while CL/P studies tended to investigate emotional well-being and social experiences.

Conclusions:

Findings illustrate the variability in research approaches, sampling, measurement, and analysis across both populations. There is a pressing need to address key methodological issues within craniofacial research and to examine the possible similarities and condition-specific differences between CL/P and other congenital craniofacial anomalies.
Adult Narratives of the Psychosocial Impact of Cleft in a Western Australian Cohort
Authors: Nicholls Wendy , Persson Martin , Robinson Suzanne , Selvey Linda
Published: April 2018

Background:

Living with a cleft condition involves many years of multidisciplinary therapy, treatment, and surgical intervention. This complex process may have both physical and psychosocial long-term impacts. There is limited evidence of the psychosocial impact of cleft on individuals in Australia.

Aim:

To obtain an understanding of the adult patient perception of having a cleft and explore the impact of the condition on their lives.

Design:

Qualitative methodologies at one case study site in Western Australia.

Population of Interest:

Adults with a cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) who had received treatment at Princess Margaret Hospital, the only treatment center for cleft in Western Australia.

Methodology:

Individual in-depth semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted and recorded and transcribed for analysis.

Results:

Fifteen adults with a CL/P. Two main themes were identified: lived experience (with 3 subthemes: normality, support networks, and impacts in later life) and advice to others. The majority of participants reported social rejection and isolation, which occurred mostly at school and in some instances at home, but did not often last into adulthood. The greatest protective factor was the support of family and friends, which if missing during their childhood, was desired and appreciated in adulthood.

Conclusion:

Adults with CL/P may require psychosocial support from their cleft team including referral to clinicians in adult services. There is also the need for earlier psychological interventions and social programs to support those with appearance-related social difficulties.
Computed Tomography–Assisted Auricular Cartilage Graft for Depression of the Alar Base in Secondary Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Chen Hong , Chen Chun-Ye , Fang Qing-Qing , Zhang Min-Xia , Zhao Wan-Yi , Wang Xiao-Feng , Tan Wei-Qiang , Zhang Li-Yun
Published: April 2018

Objectives:

To evaluate the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of computed tomography–assisted auricular cartilage grafting for treating alar base depression secondary to unilateral cleft lip.

Design and Setting:

For patients with obvious depression of the alar base, the difference in heights of the alar base and the piriform margin between the cleft side and the noncleft side were measured with computed tomography. If both were >3.0 mm, the cartilage was harvested postauricularly and subdivided into 2 to 4 pieces. A multiple layer graft was inserted under the depressed alar base. The procedure was performed from 2006 to 2013, and the follow-up period was 3 to 15 months.

Participants:

Chinese patients with alar base depression secondary to unilateral cleft lip were selected.

Intervention:

Suture and cartilage graft techniques.

Main Outcomes Measures:

Differences in bilateral alar base heights and piriform apertures.

Results:

There was no wound dehiscence, exposure of bone, or donor site morbidity. The difference in heights in the bilateral alar bases and piriform apertures decreased. There were no obvious scars in any of the cases.

Conclusions:

This technique has several advantages including ease of operation, minimal trauma, satisfactory outcomes, and useful references for operation provided by computed tomography. It is a superior alternative for reconstruction of secondary alar depression.
Novel 3-D Analysis for the Assessment of Cleft Dimensions on Digital Models of Infants With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Botticelli Susanna , Pedersen Thomas Klit , Küseler Annelise , Nørholt Sven Erik , Cattaneo Paolo M.
Published: April 2018

Objective:

To present a 3-D standardized analysis of cleft dimensions.

Materials:

Thirty-one plaster casts of unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) infants were laser scanned. Landmarks and coordinate system were defined. Linear distances and surfaces were measured, and the ratio between cleft and palatal area was calculated (3-D infant cleft severity ratio [3D ICSR]). The digitally measured areas were compared with silicone membranes, adapted to the plaster casts, and analyzed by optic microscopy.

Main Outcome Measures:

Repeatability, reproducibility, and validity.

Results:

Bland-Altman plots showed minor bias for anterior cleft width (0.16 mm), arch length (0.23 mm), and palatal surface (−9.18 mm2). The random error was maximum 0.78 mm for linear measurements and 12.1 mm2 for area measurements, reliability of 3D ICSR was 0.99 (intraclass correlation coefficient), differences between measurements on digital and plaster models were less than 2%.

Conclusions:

The method offers valid and reproducible 3-D assessment of cleft size and morphology. 3-D infant cleft severity ratio can be used as baseline value for surgical planning and may have a role in predicting dentofacial development.
Relationship Between Bone Marrow Lesions on MRI and Cartilage Degeneration in Osteochondral Lesions of the Talar Dome
Authors: Nakasa Tomoyuki , Ikuta Yasunari , Sawa Mikiya , Yoshikawa Masahiro , Tsuyuguchi Yusuke , Ota Yuki , Kanemitsu Munekazu , Adachi Nobuo
Published: April 2018

Background:

In the evaluation of osteochondral lesions of the talar dome (OLT), bone marrow lesions (BML) are commonly observed in the subchondral bone on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the significance of BML, such as the histology of the overlying cartilage, is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the BML and cartilage degeneration in OLT.

Methods:

Thirty-three ankles with OLT were included in this study. All ankles underwent CT and MRI and had operative treatment. The ankles were divided into 2 groups, depending on the presence of bone sclerosis (ie, with or without) in the host bone just below the osteochondral fragment (nonsclerosis group and sclerosis group). The area of BML was compared between the 2 groups. Biopsies of the osteochondral fragment from 20 ankles were performed during surgery, and the correlation between the BML and cartilage degeneration was analyzed. The remaining 13 ankles had the CT and MRI compared with the arthroscopic findings.

Results:

The mean area of BML in the nonsclerosis group was significantly larger than that in the sclerosis group. In the histologic analysis, there was a significant and moderate correlation between the Mankin score and the area of BML. The mean Mankin score in the nonsclerosis group was significantly lower than that in the sclerosis group.

Conclusions:

This study revealed that a large area of BML on MRI exhibited low degeneration of cartilage of the osteochondral fragment, while a small area of BML indicated sclerosis of the subchondral bone with severe degeneration of cartilage. The evaluation of BML may predict the cartilage condition of the osteochondral fragment.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, comparative series.
Cultural Adaptations to the Measurement of Attitudes to Ageing: Psychometric Assessment of the Malay Reactions to Ageing Questionnaire
Authors: Faudzi Farah Nadia M. , Armitage Christopher J. , Bryant Christina , Brown Laura J. E.
Published: April 2018

The aims of this study were to culturally adapt the Reactions to Ageing Questionnaire (RAQ) for a non-Western (Malay) population, and explore attitudes to ageing in relation to age, gender, and education. Eight new culturally relevant items were generated by asking Malay-speaking participants about their reactions to ageing. A Malay version of the extended 35-item RAQ was then administered to 911 Malaysian participants aged 18 to 60 years. Exploratory factor analysis revealed four factors. Three of the factors were similar to those identified in the original RAQ, while “Family and Religion” emerged as a new factor. More negative attitudes to ageing were observed in younger and female respondents. There were no effects of education. This culturally adapted RAQ exhibits robust psychometric properties, and could be used to assess attitudes to ageing in Malaysia and other Southeast Asian countries. Moreover, we have identified a “core set” of RAQ items that could be applicable worldwide.
LncRNA DANCR Promotes Lung Cancer by Sequestering miR-216a
Authors: Zhen Qiang , Gao Li-na , Wang Ren-feng , Chu Wei-wei , Zhang Ya-xiao , Zhao Xiao-jian , Lv Bao-lei , Liu Jia-bao
Published: April 2018

Background:

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new class of cancer regulators. Here, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic values of an lncRNA, differentiation antagonizing noncoding RNA (DANCR), in lung cancer.

Methods:

Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to compare DANCR levels in normal and cancerous lung tissues as well as lung cancer cells. Lentiviral transduction was used to induce DANCR overexpression or silencing in vitro, followed by monitoring cell proliferation, colony formation, and changes in microRNA-216a (miR-216a) expression. DANCR-specific small hairpin RNA transduction was used to establish cells with stable DANCR knockdown, and silenced cells were used to initiate lung tumor xenografts, followed by monitoring tumor growth.

Results:

DANCR upregulation was seen in lung cancer, particularly in high-grade lung cancer tissues and aggressive cancer cells. Ectopic DANCR expression induced lung cancer cell proliferation and colony formation, whereas DANCR silencing induced opposing effects. The miR-216a level in cancer cells was negatively correlated with DANCR expression. The DANCR knockdown reduced the growth of tumor xenografts in vivo.

Conclusion:

DANCR upregulation is a potential indicator of aggressive lung cancer. Silencing of DANCR has great potential as a potent therapeutic strategy in lung cancer.
Economy or Justice? How Urban Actors Respond to Diversity
Authors: Moutselos Michalis , Jacobs Christian , Martínez-Ariño Julia , Schiller Maria , Schönwälder Karen , Tandé Alexandre
Published: April 2018

The diversification of population, demands for recognition, and the spread of diversity policies present new challenges to European cities. Do urban actors respond to this development in different ways across cities? Can we distinguish a logic determined by economic considerations or rather a justice-oriented logic? This article presents evidence from 20 German cities based on an original survey of important urban actors. This design reflects current realities of urban governance. Results indicate that, across Germany’s biggest cities, there is a normative consensus over the benefits of diversity. However, other positions are controversial and views seem partly incoherent. Cities neither clearly position themselves as pro- or antidiversity cities nor do most of them adopt clear market-oriented or justice-oriented approaches. We conclude that, in a relatively new field, positions are still uncrystallized, and hybrid combinations of perspectives may remain typical in societies with strong social-welfare traditions.
Erythematous skin lesions with necrotic centers on lower extremities due to the use of ruxolitinib for primary myelofibrosis
Authors: Dasanu Constantin A
Published: April 2018

Ruxolitinib is a small molecule JAK-2 inhibitor approved for the treatment of certain myeloproliferative neoplasms. Ruxolitinib-related skin toxicity is extremely rare. We report herein an unusual erythematous skin eruption with necrotic centers involving lower extremities in a patient with primary myelofibrosis treated with ruxolitinib. Awareness of this unusual skin toxicity with ruxolitinib becomes even more important as JAK-2 inhibition might soon find clinical applications in dermatology.
The incidence and timing of leukocyte overshoot after pegfilgrastim administration
Authors: Usami Eiseki , Kimura Michio , Iwai Mina , Go Makiko , Asano Hiroki , Takenaka Shoya , Adachi Shino , Yoshimura Tomoaki
Published: April 2018

Introduction

Pegfilgrastim is a PEGylated formulation of filgrastim with a long half-life. It is highly convenient and less burdensome for patients. However, white blood cell count may temporarily increase after administration; in particular, a leukocyte overshoot may be observed. The present study retrospectively examined the incidence and timing of leukocyte overshoot after pegfilgrastim administration.

Patients and methods

Fifty-five patients (118 occasions of pegfilgrastim) were evaluated. Leukocyte overshoot was defined as white blood cell count ≥10,000/mm3 exceeding the reference value.

Results

Leukocyte overshoot was observed in 71.2% (84/118) occasions, in 76.4% (42/55) patients. The maximum white blood cell count ≥30,000/mm3 was observed in 30.5% (36/118) occasions in 45.5% (25/55) patients and was observed in 39.3% (33/84) occasions on day 1 after pegfilgrastim administration and 26.2% (22/84) on day 2. Leukocyte overshoot has been observed in only 23.1% (9/39) patients administered with normal granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. However, there were no patients with white blood cell counts ≥30,000/mm3.

Conclusion

There was a higher frequency of occurrence of leukocyte overshoot in response to pegfilgrastim than in response to normal granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. High incidence of leukocyte overshoot was observed when blood was collected 1–2 days after administration of pegfilgrastim. It is important for patients to understand the characteristics of pegfilgrastim by conducting pharmaceutical guidance.
Preoperative Physiology, Imaging, and Management of Interrupted Aortic Arch
Authors: Friedman Kevin
Published: April 2018

Interrupted aortic arch (IAA) is a rare form of critical neonatal heart disease in which there is lack of continuity between the ascending aorta and the descending thoracic aorta. In the absence of prenatal diagnosis, patients with IAA present in shock when the patent ductus arteriosus closes. Diagnosis can generally be made by echocardiography, and initiation of prostaglandin E1 infusion allows for adequate lower body perfusion prior to surgical repair. Full neonatal repair can be achieved with good outcomes in most cases. However, there is often underdevelopment of the left ventricular outflow tract and risk for later surgical re-intervention. Many patients with IAA, particularly those with type B, have DiGeorge syndrome, which has important development implications.
Ovotesticular Disorder of Sex Development (Ovotestis) in Simpson–Golabi–Behmel Syndrome: Expansion of the Clinical Spectrum
Authors: De Paepe Monique E , Young Lawrence , Jones Julie R , Tantravahi Umadevi
Published: April 2018

Simpson–Golabi–Behmel syndrome type I (SGBS, OMIM312870), caused by defects of the GPC3 and GPC4 genes on chromosome Xq26, is an X-linked recessive macrosomia/multiple congenital anomaly disorder characterized by somatic overgrowth, coarse facial features, variable congenital anomalies, increased tumor risk, and mild-to-moderate neurodevelopmental anomalies. We report the postmortem findings in 3 second-trimester male siblings with SGBS who displayed ambiguous genitalia (in all 3) and gonadal dysgenesis (ovotestis) (in 1), thus expanding the SGBS spectrum to include these disorders of sex development.
Corneal transplantation trends in France from 2004 to 2015: A 12-year review
Authors: Bigan Guillaume , Puyraveau Marc , Saleh Maher , Gain Philippe , Martinache Isabelle , Delbosc Bernard , Gauthier Anne-Sophie
Published: April 2018

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to report the 12-year longitudinal trends in indication and corneal transplantation techniques in France from 2004 to 2015.

Results:

The records of all corneal transplantations performed from 2004 to 2015 in France were retrospectively reviewed. The patient indications and types of transplant performed were analyzed. A total of 46,658 corneal transplantations were performed between 2004 and 2015, with 34,187 (73.3%) penetrating keratoplasty and 10,452 (22.4%) lamellar keratoplasty. The leading surgical indications were secondary endothelial failure (24.3%), keratoconus (18.8%), regraft (13.5%), and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (15.1%). Endothelial keratoplasty became the preferred technique for endothelial diseases and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty the preferred technique for keratoconus, surpassing penetrating keratoplasty in 2013.

Conclusion:

Secondary endothelial failure is the top indication for performing a keratoplasty over the 12-year period. There was a shift from penetrating keratoplasty to endothelial keratoplasty performed for Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy and secondary endothelial failure, and to deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty, performed for keratoconus. This highlights an important shift in managing corneal diseases toward the application of selective and more conservative surgeries and changes in indications in corneal transplantation.
The intracavitary electrocardiography method for tip location of jugular internal vein access device in infants of less than 5 kg: A pilot study
Authors: Mastroianni Rossella , Capasso Antonella , Ausanio Gaetano
Published: April 2018

Purpose:

This is a prospective observational study conducted by neonatologists in neonatal intensive care unit from Sant’Anna and San Sebastiano Hospital, Caserta, Italy. The objective of the study is to verify the feasibility of intracavitary electrocardiography method for tip location of central venous access device in infants of less than 5 kg and evaluate the accuracy of the method in comparison with post-procedural echocardiographical verification of the tip position.

Patients and methods:

We enrolled 27 patients weighted between 0.660 and 5 kg, requiring central vascular access. Ultrasound-guided jugular internal vein access was used and after cannulation, we applied the intracavitary electrocardiography for tip location as well as post-procedural echocardiography.

Results:

No significant complication related to intracavitary electrocardiography occurred in the studied infants. The increase in P wave on intracavitary electrocardiography was detected in all cases (27/27). In only one case (false positive), the catheter had the tip out of cavoatrial junction–target zone (to post-procedural echocardiography).

Conclusion:

The intracavitary electrocardiography method for tip location of central venous access device is safe and accurate in infants, as demonstrated by post-procedural comparative echocardiographic controls. As an alternative to echocardiography, not always achievable, the diffusion of intracavitary electrocardiography method could reduce X-ray exposition and complications of a malpositioned tip.
‘Join us for all the developments’: Guardian Australia and the construction of journalistic identity in press gallery reporting
Authors: Brookes Stephanie
Published: April 2018

The Federal Parliamentary Press Gallery has traditionally held a privileged position in Australian journalism, entrusted with two important democratic functions: providing citizens with political information and scrutinising the powerful. In the last decade, however, significant changes in the global media landscape have impacted the health of Australian political journalism and new spaces for news and information have emerged that challenge the Press Gallery’s authority. This article considers how a new entrant, Guardian Australia, operates in this space through analysis of its explicit discursive construction of its own role, authority and performance. It then maps how these discourses are mobilised in political coverage through a case study exploring the publication’s 2016 and 2017 federal budget coverage. The article argues that Guardian Australia’s self-construction allowed its press gallery and political journalists to reclaim their authoritative democratic role, in the face of competition and change, by embracing both tradition and innovation in its political journalism.
Beyond the visible: Rethinking femininity through the femme assemblage
Authors: McCann Hannah
Published: April 2018

While there has been much focus on the disempowering and incapacitating effects of ‘normative’ femininity, less attention has been paid to the queer possibilities of femininity. Queer femme has been proposed by some as a key site for rethinking femininity. Extending upon these discussions, and drawing on interviews conducted with queer femmes in Australia in 2013, this article proposes focusing on affective dimensions to deepen our understanding of queer femme as more than an identity, but rather, as assemblage Working from the basis of assemblage, this article examines exactly how and why femme bodies queer femininity. However the article also argues that where queer femme discourse distances itself from non-femme, or ‘normative’, femininity, it misses an opportunity for advocating for a different approach to gender presentation within a broader collective. The central argument of this article is that from an affective theory of queer femme as assemblage, we can better understand both queer femme identity and the attachments to femininity that people maintain more generally, without relying on a binary logic that proclaims femininity as only disempowering or empowering, queer or not queer enough.
Pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis associated with the use of natalizumab in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Almeida Kelson James , Barreto-Soares Raissa Viera , Campos-Sousa Raimundo Nonato , Campos-Sousa Maria Graças , Bor-Seng-Shu Edson
Published: April 2018

Background:

Natalizumab (NTZ) is a monoclonal antibody with an immunosuppressive effect that reduces the inflammation of the central nervous system, and it has been used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). In patients with low cellular immune response, systemic mycosis arising from endemic areas may occur.

Results and Conclusion:

In this article, we will describe a case of paracoccidioidomycosis as a complication to treatment with NTZ in an RRMS patient.