bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND MOTIVATION IN MEDIATING LEADERSHIP STYLE RELATIONSHIPS TO EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
Authors: Bernath Pardede Rio , Satriawan Bambang , Indrayani Indrayani , Wisbisono Chablullah
Published: February 2022

This study aims to see the influence of leadership style on the performance of employees in the Department of Environment and Forestry of Riau Islands Province by mediated by organizational culture and motivation. This study is a quantitative study that uses a sample of 63 respondents. Data analysis in this study uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis to confirm the dimensions of the concept created and measure how much influence independent variables have on dependent variables. The results showed that: (1) Leadership Style has a positive and significant effect on organizational culture, (2) Leadership Style has a positive and significant effect on employee work motivation, (3) Leadership style has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, (4) Culture does not have a positive and significant effect on employee performance, (5) Motivation positively and significantly affects employee performance, (6) Leadership style affects performance mediated by organizational culture, (7) Leadership style influences performance mediated by work motivation, (8) Organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on work motivation.
INOVASI PENGELOLAAN PAJAK DAN RETRIBUSI DAERAH DALAM PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH DI KABUPATEN KONAWE
Authors: Liswatin Liswatin
Published: February 2022

Inovasi pengelolaan pajak dan retribusi daerah dalam peningkatan pendapatan asli daerah (studi pada badan pengelola pajak dan retribusi daerah kabupaten konawe). Peningkatan PAD Kabupaten Konawe selama 5 tahun terakhir tidak lepas dari peran badan pengelola pajak dan retribusi daerah kabupaten Konawe. Tujuan untuk mengetahui inovasi pengelolaan pajak dan retribusi daerah dalam peningkatan pendapatan asli daerah. Tujuan Inovasi pengelolaan pajak dan retribusi daerah dalam peningkatan pendapatan asli daerah kabupaten Konawe yang dilakukan pemerintah daerah dalam rangka peningkatan pendapatan asli daerah di kabupaten Konawe adalah penguatan sistem pungutan, yang meliputi perbaikan sistem pelayanan dalam proses pungutan pajak daerah dan retribusi daerah. Sistem baru yang dilakukan yaitu sistem keterbukaan informasi kepada masyarakat wajib pajak dengan menyediakan media yang dapat diakses untuk kemudahan dalam proses pungutan dan sistem aplikasi manajemen pendapatan daerah untuk meningkatkan kualitas kerja aparat. Berdasarkan uraian di atas nampak bahwa inovasi pengelolaan pajak dan retribusi daerah di Kabupaten Konawe harus ada untuk peningkatan pendapatan asli daerah dan akan menjadi acuan dalam pengembangan pengelolaan pajak. Selain itu TKT yang akan dikembangkan dalam riset ini ialah penelitian dasar yang target akhirnya 2.
From the Field | Field Notes From Jail: How Incarceration and Homelessness Impact Women’s Health
Authors: Keenan Louanne , Angel Cybele , Martell Rebecca , Pyne Diane , Ahmed Rabia
Published: February 2022

A multi-disciplinary team explored the journey they took with female inmates to develop a collaborative research strategy among the university, community organizations, and the correctional facility. The team consisted of academic researchers, inner city physicians, social workers, nurses, Aboriginal art therapists, Aboriginal cultural consultants, correctional healthcare administrators, and inner city chaplains from non-profit organizations. This paper describes how the team reflected on the journey to determine the impact of incarceration and/or homelessness on the health of female inmates, as they (the team) patiently waited for ethics boards and administrative approval; negotiated correctional center lockdowns; and became exhausted from trying to reconnect with women who were released from incarceration. The researchers discovered what kept them passionate about helping female inmates work through multiple hurdles that included housing, child custody, employment, probation appointments, and counseling. These administrative and operational challenges strengthened the team’s resolve to support these vulnerable women.
A Novel Approach of Tailoring PMBOK activities that best suit Software Development Projects
Authors: Waleed Iftikhar
Published: February 2022

Project management is very critical for any project's success regardless of its category. Various Project management methodologies are available that provide set of guidelines and standards to effectively and efficiently manage projects in the organization. Managing software development projects has faced a lot of challenges while complying with these project management methodologies. This is mainly because project management methodologies like PMBOK does not provide specific guidelines for managing software development projects. This embarks the importance of project management tailoring activities in the software development firms, to tailor these project management methodologies according to their own need. This paper will propose six most essential tailoring activities for managing software development projects. These tailoring activities will be performed on the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK).
Domain-Independent Natural Language Processing of text using Unsupervised Translation
Authors: Adeel Munawar
Published: February 2022

NLP is one of the very important domains of artificial intelligence. Nowadays, advancements are being made and NLP is one of the most developing fields. In this paper, we offer a mutual use of unsupervised translation with n-grams and Natural Language Processing techniques to challenge the difficulty of unsupervised translation extraction from textual data. To build a Text Meaning Extraction System, we have to deliver one important element which is input text. This studypresented a different algorithm to work out resemblances between natural languages, by using sequence package analysis and changing them into n-grams. Whenever the sentences that are grammatically difficult and quite lengthy are applied to see the results of the presented algorithm, there are quite efficient results in a semantic reaction. To enhance the experience in the field of AI and search engines, this research paper shows how to improve the handling capability of fuzzy concepts within computers. For example, when search jobs are executed in search engines small textual concepts or sentences might be semantically formed to switch the keyword-based queries. This ability may be functional to intelligent agents to even the procedure of communication between humans and machinery.
Diagnostic Framework for Electricity Losses in Pakistan Using Data Visualization Techniques
Authors: Fatima Tariq  , Dr Atif Alvi
Published: February 2022

To obtain the best results and leads to accuracy, data visualization techniques allows the big data and unprocessed data in a structured format. There are a lot of techniques that provides the best results for both high and low dimensional data preprocessing. Electricity crisis are becoming the part of day to day life and increasing rapidly. There are a lot of factors that affects the distribution and transmission losses of electricity. PEPCO, GENCO and other distribution companies are responsible for electricity distribution .There are 10-12% electricity losses during the distribution from main to other. At different sectors electricity production and installation from different resources of energy needs a proper monitoring system .Except of system losses a lot of electricity lost due to non-technical factors which leads to the shortage of electricity in a Country. .Grid stations should be planted according to the population of the province .Diagnostic framework includes the previous and present data comparison which predicts and forecasts the future consumption that helps to overcome losses by time series analysis algorithm (ARIMA)
Nghiên cứu cải tạo hệ thống xử lý nước thải nhà máy Jeli Kovi công suất 40 m3/ngày đêm, khu công nghiệp Khánh Phú, tỉnh Ninh Bình
Authors: Mai Vũ Thị , Toàn Lâm Văn
Published: February 2022

Trong bài báo này tác giả trình bày nghiên cứu thiết kế và cải tạo hệ thống xử lý nước thải sinh hoạt công suất 40 m3/ngày đêm cho JEIL KOVI dựa trên kinh nghiệm thực tế và dựa trên phương pháp tính toán chi tiết hơn theo tài liệu tính toán mới. Kết quả đã tính toán thiết kế lại hệ thống xử lý nước thải sinh hoạt có bổ sung bể thiếu khí, tận dụng khối bể có sẵn, chia thêm vách ngăn và giữ nguyên các vị trí nắp thăm hiện có, bổ sung máng thu nước và góc vát của bể lắng, bổ sung thêm thiết bị mới do đã cũ hỏng và thay thế đường ống công nghệ mới. Sau cải tạo chất lượng nước đầu ra đáp ứng quy chuẩn nước thải sinh hoạt (Cột B QCVN 14:2008).
So sánh kết quả tính toán nhiệt thủy hóa trong bê tông khối lớn bằng Midas Civil 2019 và Ciria C660
Authors: Khôi Trương Kỳ
Published: February 2022

Tính toán nhiệt thủy hóa phát sinh trong bê tông khối lớn đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc lập biện pháp thi công. Bài báo này so sánh hai phương pháp tính toán nhiệt thủy hóa bê tông, đó là: sử dụng phần mềm Midas Civil 2019 và mô hình tính toán của CIRIA C660, lấy ví dụ áp dụng cho một đài móng công trình.
Ước tính sức chịu tải động cực hạn của móng nông trên nền đất yếu bằng phương pháp tiếp cận - phương pháp tựa tĩnh, cân bằng giới hạn và động lực học
Authors: Quốc Lê Bảo
Published: February 2022

Tính toán thiết kế kết cấu móng công trình chịu tải trọng và ảnh hưởng sự hóa lỏng của nền đất là vấn đề đã thu hút các nhà nghiên cứu trong nhiều năm. Lý thuyết tính toán xác định sức chịu tải động cực hạn của móng phần lớn phân tích để thiết kế móng nông dưới tải trọng địa chấn dựa trên giả định rằng các vùng hư hỏng trong đất xảy ra dọc theo bề mặt hư hỏng chịu tác dụng tải trọng tĩnh, đây là tiếp cận giả tĩnh. Thực tế để tính toán sức chịu tải dưới tác động của địa chấn thông thường tăng lên một hệ số 1,25 theo khuyến nghị trong một số quy chuẩn trên thế giới. Và một vài nhà nghiên cứu đã phát triển các hệ số sức chịu tải động (Nc, Nq, Ng) dưới tải trọng động để thiết lập một mô hình toán học nhằm xác định ước tính sức chịu tải cực hạn dựa trên giả định rằng lực địa chấn có bản chất là tựa tĩnh và đồng thời theo phương pháp động lực học có xét đến tăng thêm bởi khối lượng đất rung. Bài báo trình bày tiếp cận phương pháp tính toán thiết kế móng nông chịu tải trọng động theo các phương pháp tựa tĩnh, cân bằng giới hạn và động lực học.
Tính toán lựa chọn thành phần cấp phối bê tông cản xạ cốt liệu barit cho hạng mục che chắn nguồn Cobalt 60
Authors: Đức Dương Ngọc , Quang Vũ Hải
Published: February 2022

Vật liệu bê tông được sử dụng phổ biến trong các công trình xây dựng, ngoài ra còn được ứng dụng làm vật liệu che chắn bức xạ trong các cơ sở tiến hành công việc chiếu chụp bức xạ. Trong nghiên cứu này chúng tôi tiến hành tính toán lực chọn thành phần cấp phối bê tông mác M300 cốt liệu barit có các mật độ từ 2,4 g/cm3 đến 3,2 g/cm3, dùng phương pháp ghi đo bức xạ trực tiếp xác định hệ số cản xạ của các mẫu bê tông đó bằng cách đưa vào trường chiếu nguồn Cobalt 60. Việc tính toán lựa chọn thành phần cấp phối bê tông với các mật độ lớn khác nhau giúp giảm khối lượng bê tông khi thi công, tăng diện tích sử dụng vừa đảm bảo tính chịu lực của kết cấu vừa đảm bảo che chắn an toàn bức xạ cho hạng mục công trình.
Variable structure control state feedback for two DOF active magnetic bearing system
Authors:   Van Lang University, Phan Van Duc
Published: February 2022

This paper proposes the state feedback Variable Structure Control (VSC) design approach for the nonlinear system. A nonlinear model of two degrees of freedom (DOF) of Active Magnetic Bearing (AMB) obtained using Lagrange’s equation is introduced. Since the nonlinear system is difficult to apply the control methods, the Lagrange equation is used to convert the nonlinear system to linear. The VSC approach has some advantages. Firstly, a robust stabilization for a class of nonlinear systems is considered. Secondly, fast response and good performance even when disturbance and dynamic effects. Finally, a numerical example is used to demonstrate the efficacy of this method.
MODEL PEMBENTUKAN KELOMPOK BERVARIASI UNTUK MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Sukiman Sukiman
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan model pembentukan kelompok bervariasi dengan motivasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Sementara desain penelitian menggunakan pearson product moment correlational. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi dan angket. Dokumentasi digunakan untuk mengetahui perolehan prestasi siswa melalui nilai raport kelas VIII. Angket dalam penelitian ini digunakan untuk mengetahui motivasi belajar dan model pembelajaran yang dilakukan selama ini oleh guru. Analisis korelasi menggunakan SPPS untuk menguji hubungan motivasi belajar dengan pembentukan kelompok bervariasi dan hubungan keduanya secara simultan terhadap motivasi belajar. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa model pembentukan kelompok bervariasi memiliki hubungan atau korelasi yang kuat sekali terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Siswa merasa tertarik dan semangat untuk belajar karena dari awal sudah diajak untuk menikmati pembelajaran. Apabila di awal pembelajaran sudah tertarik, maka dengan sendirinya siswa sudah semangat belajar dan mengikuti pelajaran.
STRATEGI INTEGRASI PENDIDIKAN ANTI RADIKALISME DALAM KURIKULUM SMA/MA
Authors: Sya'roni Muh
Published: February 2022

Pendidikan anti radikalise merupakan pendidikan untuk menolak faham radikalisme. Padanan istilah yang juga sering digunakan adalah Deradikalisme. Integrasi pendidikan anti radikalisme dalam Kurikulum SMA/MA dapat dilakukan dengan strategi merubah filosfi kurikulum, menambah konten kurikulum, mengatur metode pembelajaran, dan penggunaan alat evaluasi yang tepat. Implementasi integrasi pendidikan anti radikalisme dalam Kurikulum SMA/MA dilakukan dengan mengintegrasikan Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Anti Radikalisme serperi Citizenship, Compassion, Courtesy, Fairness, Moderation Respect for other, Respect for the creato, Self control, dan Tolerance ke dalam kegiatan kurikuler, ekstrakurikuler, pembiasaan, dan pengembangan diri yang diselenggrakan di SMA/MA.
PENGAJARAN REMIDI UNTUK MENANGANI KETIDAKTUNTASAN HASIL BELAJAR KIMIA PADA MATERI STOIKIOMETRI LARUTAN DAN TITRASI ASAM BASA
Authors: Fatayah Fatayah
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengajaran remidi yang disusun terhadap ketuntasan hasil belajar kimia materi pokok stoikiometri larutan dan titrasi asam basa siswa siswa Kelas XI IPA-1 SMAN 1 Manyar Gresik. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas XI IPA-1 SMAN 1 Manyar Gresik yang tidak tuntas pada materi pokok stoikiometri larutan dan titrasi asam basa. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan langkah-langkah: Tes diagnostik, pelaksanaan pengajaran remidi dan pengukuran hasil. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh bahwa siswa Kelas XI IPA-1 yang tidak tuntas (kategori remidi) berjumlah 20 siswa dari 31 siswa (64%). Setelah dilakukan pengajaran remidi (yang pertama) terdapat 13 siswa yang tuntas sehingga masih ada 7 siswa yang tidak tuntas dan setelah pengajaran remidi kedua kali seluruhnya tuntas.Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa seluruh siswa tuntas setelah dilakukan pengajaran remidi yang pertama (model pengajaran langsung metode latihan terbimbing dan pemberian umpan balik serta bantuan tutor sebaya) dan pengajaran remidi kedua kali (metode latihan terbimbing dan pemberian umpan balik serta bantuan tutor sebaya).
Instructional Materials of Quadratic Equations for 10th Grade Indonesia Students: Combined Round Robin-Cooperative Learning and Problem Posing
Authors: Isroil Ahmad
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to describe the process of developing and producing effective learning tools for teaching quadratic equations in 10th  grade by applying the Round Robin type of cooperative learning through posing problems, as well as to describe the effectiveness of the learning process itself. The problem posing approach  allows students to utilize this knowledge when they encounter problems related to the materials being thought. The subjects of this research one 10th grade teacher and  10th grade students. The design of this study uses Kemp’s model of research and development (2011). The developed learning tools consists of: (1) lesson plans, (2) student’s worksheets, and (3) an achievement test. Based on descriptive analyses of the trial session, results show the lesson plan utilized was appropriate because it was: (1) valid; (2) practical; (3) effective. Based on descriptive results, the implementation session was also deemed effective. This conclusion is based on the conditions which indicate that  the teacher’s ability to organize learning was effective, the students were active during learning process, the students responded positively to the learning process, and over 80% of the students achieved grades of 70 or higher.
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA PROYEKTOR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VIII MATA PELAJARAN BK-TIK TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019 – 2020
Authors: Mat Ali
Published: February 2022

This study aims to improve learning achievement and mastery of BK-ICT subject material for eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Sekaran. This research is included in class action research. Where the improvement activities carried out as many as three cycles. Data obtained from this study in the form of increased achievement and mastery of students BK_TIK material by using projector media and student learning outcomes using projector media. Research data were obtained using observation sheets and formative tests. From the research that has been done, it is obtained data that the use of projector media can have a positive influence on student learning outcomes. This can be seen from the increasing understanding and mastery of students on the material that has been delivered by the teacher so far (mastery learning increases from cycles I, II, and III), each of which are 55%, 70%, and 90%. In cycle III students' classical learning completeness has been achieved. In addition, the learning model using projector media can be used as an alternative learning media.
Impact of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Pulmonary Functions of Females
Authors: Zia Sadaf , Shafiq Hamid , Jamshed Fouzia , Salam Rana Muhammad Tahir
Published: February 2022

Background: Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) or passive smoking has an emerging burden on the society thus affecting the quality of individual's life. According to World Health Organization ETS is referred to the involuntary inhalation of burning tobacco products emitted from the smoking devices. More than 4000 harmful compounds including carcinogens are emitted from burning cigarettes and cigars etc, which are extremely harmful for human health. Pakistan has high tobacco consumption. Due to this reason women and children are frequently exposed to indoor ETS. Subjects with exposure to ETS have same ill effects as light active smokers.

Aim: To evaluate the lung functions of passive smokers and to compare with non-smokers of the same age and social background.

Methods: The study was conducted in a private hospital of Faisalabad. 250 female subjects aged 15- 45 years were included in the study. Data was collected by specially designed structured proforma

 and lung Function tests were performed by spirometry. Data was analyzed by using SPSS 20 version. P value ? 0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: 250 females participated in study. 61.2 % of total study population was exposed to tobacco smoking. Out of total 250 subjects, 155(62%) had undiagnosed airway obstruction. FEV1, FVC and FEV1/ FVC ratio were lower in passive smokers as compared to non- smokers. Significant difference was found in FEV1 (0.003*), FVC (P value 0.002*), FEV1/FVC (0.001*). FEV1/FVC ratio of < 0.70 was noted in 89.5% and 18.5% of total passive smokers and nonsmokers respectively (obstructive air way pattern). 55% of subjects with reduced lung function parameters also reported chronic cough and shortness of breath.

Conclusion: Airway obstruction was found among majority of passive smokers, confirmed by reduced lung function test.
Effect of Inter-pupillary Distance on Stereo-acuity
Authors: Iqbal Fatima , Atta Komal , Khan Hashim Ali , Iqbal Amna
Published: February 2022

Objective: To determine the effect of interpupillary distance (IPD) on stereopsis and to compare this affect in male and female population.

Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 30 individuals of either gender with age ranging from 15 to 30 years. Sample was recruited by non-probability convenient sampling technique at Ophthalmology department of Madina Teaching Hospital, Faisalabad from August 2018 to December 2018. Individuals with any ocular pathology, un-corrected refractive error or drug users were excluded. Near IPD was measured using millimeter scale and stereopsis was evaluated using titmus fly test. Data was analyzed by SPSS21. P value ?0.05 was considered significant.

Results: Our study comprised of 30 subjects of aged range 15-30 years. 15 participants were male and 15 were females. IPD values for both genders were ranged between 62 – 66 mm. mean IPD was 65± 1.01 mm for male and 64.8± 1.14 mm for female ,no significant difference was observed in mean IPD among gender ( P value = 0.41) by t test. Both male and females have high IPD and low depth of perception (< 40 sec of arc), no significant difference in levels of Stereopsis was noted among gender (P value= 0.36). Pearson's correlation showed significant relation between IPD and stereopsis. (P value= 0000*).

Conclusion: We found higher IPD and low depth of perception among both genders.
Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Markers’ Status in Obese Females Using Hormonal Contraceptives
Authors: Aitazaz Fauzia , Aurangzeb. Muhammad , Khan Radhia , Khan Samiullah , Khan Zakia
Published: February 2022

Objective: To evaluate the variation in oxidative stress markers including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and malondialdehyde (MDA) and to correlate it with obesity in females using contraceptives.Methodology: Comparative cross sectional study was project of University of Lahore (UOL).conducted in collaboration with Basic Health Unit Mudkey (periphery of Kasur) from January to December 2013. The study population comprised of 51 married females of age ranged 25 to 40 years. The study was approved by the Research Ethical Committee of UOL. Thirty one females using either combined oral contraceptive pills (COC) or progestin injections were enrolled for a period of 9 months, while 20 females not using any type of contraceptives were recruited as a control group. Weight in kg and height in meter were estimated by the standard protocol. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated by the formula; weight in kg /height in m2. Subjects having BMI greater than 25kg/m2 were categorized as obese. Stress markers were estimated from blood samples. SOD was assayed by nitroblue tetrazolium method by spectrophotometer. Catalase and Glutathione levels were also determined using spectrophotometer. MDA levels were measured by Thiobarbitoric acid assay reaction. with MDA. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS20. Mean ± SD (standard deviation) was used for continuous variables; while frequency and percentages were used for estimation of categorical variables. Regression analysis was applied to elucidate association between obesity and the stress markers.Results: SOD and MDA levels were significantly higher in obese group as compared to non-obese group (p values = 0.02, 0.04). No significant differences was noted in obese and non- obese subjects with respect to catalase (p value= 0.35) and Glutathione (p value=0.9) concentrations. Regression analysis shows significant positive association of BMI with SOD (p value 0.006) and MDA (p value 0.000); however, catalase (p value 0.28) and Glutathione (p value 0.85) were not significantly associated with BMI.Conclusion: Oxidative stress in obese are due to higher MDA levels. SOD is positively associated with BMI; however catalase and glutathione are not affected by BMI.
Screening of Barbers for Hepatitis B and C in Faisalabad
Authors: Raja Khurram Sohail , Naz Shakeela , Aslam Faria , Arshad Noor , Hayat Amer
Published: February 2022

Objective: To screen the barbers for Hepatitis B and hepatitis C in Faisalabad.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was performed by the forensic medicine department of private medical college of Faisalabad after approval from institutional ethical committee.  The camp for screening barbers was arranged in September 2019 at Sargodha road, Faisalabad. Barbers from different Hair Saloons of the city were invited 2-3 days before arranging the camp. Fifty-five barbers joined the camp for screening. All relevant information was noted on predesigned pro forma. Informed consent was taken and blood samples were drawn from each participant for qualitative detection of hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBs Ag) and antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV) using one step rapid test devices (Accurate) that are based on a lateral flow chromatographic immunoassay technique. Statistical analysis was done on SPSS 21. Percentages and frequencies for Reactive and Non- Reactive tests HBs Ag and anti-HCV were determined.

Results: During this study 55 barbers were screened for hepatitis C and hepatitis B.  The age range of the screened barbers was 18-35 years. We found that 3 (5.4%) of the barbers were seropositive for hepatitis C and 1 (1.8%) barber was co- infected with hepatitis C and hepatitis B, In contrast to this  none of the barbers was found to have hepatitis B only.

Conclusion: HCV infection is an occupational hazard for barbers, while HBV infection is not found in barbers despite low infectious dose.
Frequency of Plantar Fasciitis among Females in Teaching Profession
Authors: Hashmi Riaz , Naeem Laiba , Arif Sana , Habiba Umme , Irfan Rabia , Zafar Maham
Published: February 2022

Objective: To find the frequency of plantar fasciitis among females teachers in Sialkot and to explore the relationship of heel pain due to plantar fasciitis with age, body mass index (BMI), type of shoes wearing and standing hours.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was the project of Sialkot College of physiotherapy (SCPT). It was conducted in February to March 2018 after taking ethical approval from institutional review board of SCPT (IRB-SCPT DPT-115-2018). Sample size was 150 subjects. Female teachers of age ranged 25-60years ,who fulfill inclusion criteria were enrolled by convenience sampling technique from the Sialkot based colleges. Data was collected by administering Plantar Fasciitis Pain/Disability Scale (PFPS) questionnaire among the female teachers. Data was analyzed by SPSS22.Results: This study was comprised of 150 participants with mean age30.69±5.44years. Mean of height, weight and BMI were 1.63± 0.34, 60.17±11.71, 23.68±4.39 respectively. Mean±SD of visual analogue scale (VAS) and total PFPS scores were 5.78±2.461 and 36.5±13.5 respectively. Of total population 46.3% of subjects have plantar fasciitis. Middle sole of foot was the most affected area by plantar fasciitis (PF), followed by ball of foot, heel and toe with subsequent values52(34.7%),43(28.7%),37(24.7%) and 18(12%) respectively The significant difference in mean VAS score for pain intensity was found among the subjects with and without PF (p value 0.000*). Plantar fasciitis was frequently found in subjects with higher age group than younger ones (p value 0.000*). Current results showed that 31% of total subjects with PF were used to wear flat shoes, whereas only 16 percent wear heel shoes and 23% were using both type of shoes (heel& flat). However this association was not found to be significant on regression analysis. Current results of regression analysis also did not find any significant impact of BMI (p value 0.50) and standing hours (p value 0.804) and types of shoes (p value 0.620) on the development of plantar fasciitis. Plantar fasciitis was positively associated with age (p value 0.002). Conclusion: Plantar fasciitis is found among teachers, commonly affecting middle sole area of the foot. PF is positively associated with age; however standing hours and BMI was not associated with it.
Role of Oral Iron Supplementation in Reducing Breath-Holding Attacks in Children under five years
Authors: Amir Sadida , Ahmad Shakil , Usman Muhammad , Sarwar Imran , Sajid Nisar Khan , Ahmad Tanveer
Published: February 2022

Objective: To evaluate the effect of oral iron supplementation in the reduction of severity and frequency of breath-holding spells(BHAs) in children under five years.Methodology: This prospective interventional study included 50 patients aged 6 to 60 months with breath-holding attacks and concomitant iron deficiency anemia. It was conducted at independent medical college, from December 2012 to March 2013 after taking ethical approval. All information concerning it was recorded on predesigned proforma and anemia was determined in lab investigation. All patients prescribed oral elemental iron at 6mg/kg/day in two divided dosages for 12 weeks were followed every 4 weeks. On completion of 12-weeks of iron therapy, patients were assessed for reduction or remission in frequency and severity of breath-holding attacks.Results: The majority of children with BHAs (74%) presented during the first 18 months of life. Age of onset of BHAs was predominant in the 06 to 11 months age group (50%). Male children had a higher percentage of BHAs (74%) than females. The frequency of BHAs per week was up to 10 episodes in most children (76%). The cyanotic subtype of BHA was seen in 96% of cases with 66% being severe BHAs. Moderately severe iron deficiency anemia was a predominant finding (70%). The majority of children (95.65%) reported no adverse events with iron supplementation. 91.30% of children showed a complete response with no attacks while 8.69% showed a good response. There was a complete resolution of severe BHAs with only 8.69% remaining in the not-severe BHAs category.Conclusion: Frequency and severity of breath-holding attacks in iron deficient children are effectively reduced after treatment with oral iron supplements
Comparison of Forced Expiratory Volume in Six Seconds and FEV1/FEV6 ratio among Smokers and Non Smokers
Authors: Aslam Aneel , Waheed Abdul
Published: February 2022

smokers and non -smokersMethodology: This cross sectional study of 200 subjects with age 18-25 years was carried out at Karachi basedprivate medical college from August - October 2020. Prior the study ethical approval was taken. Male smokers andnonsmokers were included in the study. Male subjects with pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular diseases and anyother skeletal deformities affecting respiration and females were excluded from the study. Height, weight and BMIwere calculated. FEV6 was recorded by a calibrated digital spirometer following the protocol with three readingsand highest reading was taken for analysisResults: This study was composed of 200 male participants. Of the total study population 83 (41%) were smokersand 117(59%) were non -smokers. Mean age of the study participants was 21.89 ± 4.8years Smokers have lowerFEV6 and FEV1/FEV6 values as compared to non- smokers. Significant difference was observed in mean FEV6 ofsmokers and non-smokers (p- value =0.002). Mean FEV1/FEV6 was also significantly different among smokersand non- smokers (p- value = 0.000*)Conclusion: FEV6 and FEV1/FEV6 values were lower in smokers as compared to non -smokers reflecting decline in lung function.
Tobacco Smoking is a Risk Factor for Decline Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Young Healthy Smokers
Authors: Shaikh Saifullah , Ali Rabiya , Moazzam Hina
Published: February 2022

Objective: To compare peak expiratory flow rate among smokers and nonsmokers and to establish a relation between PEFR and smoking.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Bahria Medical and Dental College, Karachi from August to October 2020. It was comprised of 151 male smokers and nonsmokers healthy subjects of 20 to 25 years age. After taking ethical approval (ERC 21/2020), hundred and fifty one subjects, who fulfill the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. PEFR values were estimated by Wright’s Peak flow meter. Data was analyzed by SPSS22. Mean PEFR was compared among smokers and nonsmokers. Association between PEFR and smoking was determined by regression analysis. p-value ?0.05 was considered significant.Results: This study was comprised of 151 male participants. Of total subjects, 49 (32.5%), 102(67.5%) were smokers and nonsmokers respectively. Mean±SD age of the study participant’s was 22.74±2.657 years. Smokers have lower PEFR values as compared to nonsmokers (323.94 versus 352.65L/min.), this difference was statistically significant (p-value 0.04). Regression analysis showed the negative association of PEFR with smoking, however, this association was not statistically significant (p-value 0.17). Conclusion: Peak expiratory rate was comparatively lower in smokers than nonsmokers healthy young subjects.
Impact of consanguinity marriage on developing type 1 diabetes of beta thalassemia children
Authors: Khurshid Dr. Rukhshan , Fatima Dr.Nafisa , Hamza Dr.Muhammad Shahroz , Ahmad Dr.Shakil , Fayyaz Dr.Iram , Ashraf Dr.Huma
Published: February 2022

Objective: To find impact of consanguinity marriage on developing diabetes in a group of thalassemia children.

Methodology: A cross sectional study carried out from October 2016 to June 2017at thalassemia centers of Lahore city. One hundred and fifty beta thalassemia major children with age range 4 to 8 years receiving regular blood transfusion were recruited by purposive sampling. Structured questionnaires were filled by the consented parents of children.

Results: Among total number of thalassemia patients, the frequency of male was100 and of female was 50. The frequency of male and female diabetic thalassemia children was 25 (25 %) and 25 (50%) respectively. Frequency of general consanguinity was 148(98.66%). Weak correlation of fasting blood sugar with consanguinity in diabetic thalassemia children was observed.  

Conclusion: Consanguinity marriages may have a role on developing diabetes in thalassemia children.
Knowledge & Practices of Breastfeeding in Working and Non-working Mothers
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Hashir , Noukhaiz Namra , Shahzad Dr.Saadia
Published: February 2022

Objective: To assess knowledge and practices of mothers towards breastfeeding and identify the association of socio demographic factors with knowledge and breastfeeding practices among mothers.Methodology: A descriptiove cross sectional study conducted in a tertiary level hospital in Lahore on 362 mother. Mothers having children of less than 5 years of age were recruited in this study. Data was collected by administring self structured questionnaire.Data analysis was done on SPSS version 21.
Results: Demographic profile showed 75.5% of mothers were housewives and 24.3% working mothers; 42% were living in a nuclear family, 58% in an extended family. Knowledge level revealed that 36.5% knew breastfeeding (BF) should be done up to 2 years; 75.5% knew that it should be given on demand; 91% knew that colostrum should be given to the newborn. Practice level assessment showed 44.5% had initiated BF immediately after birth; 79.9% had given colostrum; and 34.9% had done BF > one year. Significant association <0.05 was found between socio-demographic factors (status of mother, type of family, total family income, mode of delivery) and knowledge and practice variable
Conclusion: There is an important role of an extended family system that could act as a support pillar to enhance the practice of breastfeeding practices among mothers. Furthermore, at home mothers and lower socio-economic class also play an important role as contributing factors in the continuation of BF >6 months
Burimet dhe benefitet e vitaminës C
Authors: Taraj Krenaida , Hasa Asela , Muca Alba
Published: February 2022

Vitamina C ka një rëndësi shumë të madhe në dietën ushqimore të çdo individi, prandaj është i rëndësishëm ndërgjegjësimi i secilit prej nesh lidhur me burimet e Vitaminës C në produktet ushqimore të cilat ne konsumojmë, doza e rekomanduar ditore dhe rastet e marrjes së Vitaminës C nëpërmjet suplementeve. Bazuar në të dhënat e përpunuara të pyetësorit mund të themi se 69% e kampionimit shprehen se synojnë që Vitaminën C ta marrë nëpërmjet regjimit ushqimor. Gjithashtu, 43% e kampionimit shprehen se rrisin përdorimin e produkteve ushqimore të cilat përmbajnë Vitaminën C gjatë stinës së dimrit në mënyrë që të mbrohen nga virozat stinore. 74% e kampionimit është shprehur se prania e Vitaminës C në produkte të caktuara ushqimore ndikon në vendimin e tyre për të konsumuar disa produkte ushqimore. 51% e kampionimit është shprehur se do të rriste konsumin e produkteve të cilat përmbajnë Vitaminën C si pasojë e informacionit që do të kishte për produktin. 64% e kampionimit janë shprehur se kanë rritur konsumin e produkteve ushqimore të cilat përmbajnë Vitaminën C gjatë situatës së Covid-19, dhe 43% e kampionimit shprehen se disa herë synojnë të përfshijnë në dietën ushqimore të fëmijëve të tyre produkte të cilat përmbajnë Vitaminën C.
Qytetet shqiptare në vitet 1920-1940 përpjekjet e para për organizimin urbanistik dhe arkitektonik të tyre me tipare dhe skema perëndimore
Authors: Mesi Agron
Published: February 2022

Ky punim ka për qëllim të trajtojë aspekte të modernizimit të vendit tonë, si një proces i shtrirë historikisht në kohë e hapësirë përgjatë një shekulli të tërë, atij të XX-të, që në tërësinë e tij do të njohë tri data vendimtare, tri kthesa politike ekstreme, tri projektime zhvillimi me inspirime ideologjike dhe njëkohësisht tri orientime kulturore të ndryshme. Nga ana tjetër qasjet studimore përgjatë këtij punimi do të marrin pikërisht vetëm disa dukuri të periudhës së parë të këtij rrugëtimi, që kanë të bëjnë me modernizimin urban të Shqipërisë. Ky proces ka startuar kryesisht pas vitit 1912 (një vit emblematik ky për historinë shqiptare, i cili shënon shkëputjen përfundimtare të saj nga pushtimi shekullor osman dhe hapjen ndaj modernitetit perëndimor), ndërkohë që ky modernitet urban do të mundësohet falë reformave perëndimore të mbretit Zog dhe veçanërisht nëpërmjet Protektoriatit Italian.
Shteti i së drejtës dhe standardet etike të prokurorëve ndërkombëtare
Authors: Oriolo Anna
Published: February 2022

Kuadri normativ dhe jurisprudencial i udhëzimeve etike për prokurorët ndërkombëtarë thekson rolin e tyre qëndror në procedimet penale, që synojnë mbrojtjen e shoqërisë nga kultura e mosndëshkimit dhe funksionimin “si portierë drejt gjyqësorit”. Duke qenë se ata kanë autoritetin dhe përgjegjësinë për të vendosur për çështje thelbësore për administrimin e drejtësisë penale, pra ndjekjen penale të krimeve më të rënda që trondisin ndërgjegjen e njerëzimit, detyra e prokurorëve ndërkombëtarë mbart një përgjegjësi të madhe, duke u kërkuar atyre të kërkojnë drejtësi dhe respektojnë disa detyrime deontologjike. Në këtë këndvështrim, funksioni gjyqësor i monitorimit të diskrecionit të prokurorisë për të hetuar dhe ndjekur penalisht siguron që roli qëndror i prokurorëve ndërkombëtarë në drejtësinë penale të zbatohet në përputhje me standardet më të larta etike dhe në interesin më të mirë të drejtësisë.
Prevenzione e percezione di fenomeni corruttivi: istanze di difesa sociale e crisi del garantismo processuale penale
Authors: Dalia Gaspare
Published: February 2022

Constitutions and the International Charters of Rights are concerned to ensure the judicial verification of the unlawfulness of facts in compliance with the inalienable rights of the person and the presumption of innocence. Today, modern criminal procedural law, which has always been conditioned by different legal traditions, by different political-constitutional approaches and by the current "criminal emergencies", suffers further stress resulting from political and media communication on topics such as organized crime, terrorism and corruption, thus diverting the analysis from objective data and basing the discussion on questionable and instrumental evaluations. In this context, the demands of justice do not coincide with those of legality, but with those of social defense. In Italy, the disproportionate increase in anti-corruption measures has profoundly changed the procedural means of their assessment, with a clear danger for the rights of suspects and/or accused persons and with a consequent dangerous inquisitorial drift. At the international level, however, new and better measures are being tested. The long-term goal is to identify objective criteria in order to measure corruption in each country, using real-time data. Only objective indicators will make it possibleto conduct investigations that "measure" the corruption in countries in order to initiate more incisive actions to combat it.
Forecasting US Output Growth with Large Information Sets
Authors:   Economics Department, University of Pretoria, South Africa, Gupta Rangan , Ndako Umar ,   Economic Policy Directorate, Central Bank of Nigeria, Salisu Afees ,   Centre for Econometric & Allied Research, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Published: February 2022

We forecast US output growth using an array of both Classical and Bayesian models including the recently developed Dynamic Variable Selection prior with Variational Bayes [DVSVB] of Koop and Korobilis (2020). We accommodate over 300 predictors that are incrementally captured from 5 factors, 60 factors to over 300 factors covering relevant economic agents. For robustness, we allow for both constant and time varying coefficients as well as alternative proxies for output growth. Using data covering 1960:Q1 to 2018:Q4, our results consistently support the use of high-dimensional models when forecasting US output growth regardless of the choice of forecast measure. For the density forecast of real GDP growth in particular, the results favour the DVSVB and time varying parameter assumption.
Stochastic Pattern of Health Care Spending: Evidence from Nonlinear Panel Data Analysis
Authors:   Department of Foreign Trade, Cankaya University, Ankara/Turkey, Yasar Nermin
Published: February 2022

This paper analyses the stochastic pattern of health care spending for 188 countries around the world which are categorized into four groups based on the World Bank income categories. The main motivation of this article is to evaluate whether the stochastic features of total health care expenditure varies if decomposed into private and public health care consumption. To achieve this goal, in addition to conventional empirical methods, latterly developed panel stationarity approaches are employed for both linear and nonlinear regression processes. Our results demonstrate that allowing for cross-section dependency between series and nonlinearity in the estimation process may lead to more often rejection of the null hypothesis of unit root for all series in panel data set.
DURAL REPAIR: EFFICACY ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES, A CADAVERIC STUDY COMPARING THE NAKED EYE AND SURGICAL LOUPES
Authors: Chitragran Roongrath , Panyaporn Sakpan , Poopitaya Sompob
Published: February 2022

Background: Watertight dural repair is crucial to achieve successful dural tear sutures. Microscopic or surgical loupes are recommended to use to magnify and assist repairing the dura. However, many spine surgeons repair dural tears under the naked eye. The efficacy of repairing dural tears by the naked eye compared with microscopic or surgical loupes has never been studied.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of dural repairing techniques using the naked eye or surgical loupes.

Methods: A cadaveric experimental study was conducted. Four fresh human cadaveric specimens were used to harvest the spinal cord. Dural tear and CSF leakage were simulated with a water pressure control system (Arthrex AR-6475 arthroscopic pump). We compared surgical repair using the naked eye and surgical loupes. Surgical closure was achieved using Prolene 6-0 and Durepair®. A total of 32 experimental dural tears were subdivided to four groups. The 4 groups were Prolene6-0 with the naked eye (n=8), Prolene 6-0 with surgical loupe (n = 8), Durepair® with the naked eye (n=8) and Durepair® with surgical loupe (n=8). The total time used for sutures and postsuture CSF water leakage pressure were recorded and compared among the subgroups.

Results: Our results showed that surgical loupe assisted dural closure and sutures were significantly faster than the naked eye in both Prolene 6-0 (surgical loupe = 4.87±0.19 min, naked eye = 7.18±0.36 min, p <0.001) and Durepair® groups (surgical loupe = 9.84±0.21 min naked eye = 13.27±0.42 min, p <0.001). CSF Leakage pressure in the surgical loupe groups were higher than in the naked eye groups in both Prolene 6-0 (surgical loupe = 100.00±5.35 mmHg, naked eye = 96.88±7.99 mmHg, p = 0.373) and Durepair® (surgical loupe = 96.88±4.58 mmHg, naked eye = 95.63±4.17 mmHg, p = 0.577) but without significant difference. Prolene 6-0 was significantly faster to use for sutures than Durepair® in both sutures by the naked eye and surgical loupe assisted (p <0.001). Prolene 6-0 showed a higher leakage pressure than Durepair® in both the naked eye and surgical loupe assisted sutures but without significant difference (naked eye, p = 0.701, surgical loupe, p = 0.230)

CONCLUSION: Repairing a dural tear without using surgical loupes consumed more time and did not achieve similar maximum leak pressure compared with using surgical loupes. However, no statistically significant difference was observed in terms of CSF leakage pressure. Durepair® consumed more time than Prolene 6-0 while leakage pressure was similar. We recommended the use of surgical loupes when performing dural repair. Durepair® is suitable to repair larger dural defects that cannot be closed using a simple suture technique.
PREVALENCE OF VITAMIN D INADEQUACY AMONG ORTHOPEDIC SURGEONS
Authors: Phruetthiphat Ong-Art , Kusuwannakul Nopphadon , Khuangsirikul Saradej , Tutaworn Teerapat Tutaworn, , Songpatanasilp Thawee , Chotanaphuti Thanainit
Published: February 2022

Background: Indoor workers including healthcare professionals are at high risk to develop vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, due to lifestyle and limited sunlight exposure. Additionally, common health problems in aging men are vitamin D inadequacy, hypogonadism and prostate cancer.

Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy, testosterone and prostate specific antigen (PSA) among orthopedic surgeons with different ages and regions of residence.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the annual meeting of the Royal College of Orthopedic Surgeons of Thailand (RCOST) in October 2017. All participants were orthopedic surgeons working in different regions in Thailand. They received blood examination for vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) levels, total testosterone and total PSA serum levels.

Results: A total of 257 orthopedic surgeons participated in the study. The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy was 71.98%. Old age group (≥60 years old) had significantly higher total vitamin D than young age group (<60 years old) (p=0.014). Participants from eastern region had significantly higher total vitamin D than Bangkok and southern regions (p=0.015). Interestingly, the prevalence of low testosterone levels was 13% which occurred significantly in the age group ≥40 year (p=0.004). Additionally, the prevalence of high PSA levels was 4.67%. Even though the old age group had significantly higher PSA than the young age group (p< 0.001), no correlation was found between region and total PSA level.

Conclusion: The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy among Thai orthopedic surgeons was surprisingly high. This data provide important information to promote greater self-awareness to reduce the possible consequences associated with vitamin D inadequacy. Vitamin D supplementation including prevention strategies need to be promoted among healthcare professionals.