bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A GLANCE OF FISHERMEN'S COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES OF VARIOUS COUNTRIES AROUND THE GLOBE
Authors: Wasave Suhas , Sharma Arpita , Wasave Sangita
Published: October 2015

All over the world, fisheries is promising activity. More than three billion people depend directly or indirectly on fisheries. As the people's involvement in this sector was enormous, they need to serve efficiently and effectively. Keeping in mind, fishermen's come themselves together and established their own cooperative society to meet needs and to flourish the business activity. The main mandate of fishermen's cooperative society was to help their members in all business activities socially, economically and technologically. The main objective of this paper was to take review of fishermen's cooperative societies around the world. The review outcomes indicate that, cooperative societies with strong financial support succeed in the development of cooperative. Fish marketing has received priority among all activities, and societies involved in fish marketing activities were found flourished. Apart from marketing, the successful societies have engaged in other business activities like insurance, banking, supplies, exports, etc. Management of societies by state officials or persons without adequate knowledge and experience in fisheries has been a failure. Among the problems associated with fishermen's cooperative societies were fishing disputes, degree of honesty by the members, lack of capital, shortage of adequately trained and well motivated fisheries extension workers, etc.
Healthcare Consciousness with Chocolates
Authors: Verma Dr. O. S.
Published: October 2015

This is 10th instalment in the series of Articles on Healthcare Consciousness. Here is Chocolate still predominantly used for children and gifting during festivities. In recent time, however, multiple use of chocolates is becoming more upmarket part of gourmet. Chocolate sandwiches, chocolate pizzas, chocolate dosas, chocolate tea, and everyone's favourite dessert is now coaxing its way through the main course of the Meal. In addition, chocolate is known to have numerous health benefits. Therefore, whenever you crave for something sweet, eat dark chocolate. Research suggests dark chocolate reduces Blood Pressure and protects heart and brain. It's also more filling and helps curb cravings for both sweat and salty foods. Chocolate is anti-ageing agent too. Eating chocolate helps you live longer. Gorge on chocolates also makes people stay slim. It does not make you pile on pounds. Chocolates rather help you lose weights.
Inclusive Beliefs and Self-Efficacy Concerning Inclusive Education Among German Teacher Trainees and Student Teachers
Authors: Scheer David , Scholz Markus , Rank Astrid , Donie Christian
Published: October 2015

This survey aims to investigate the beliefs and self-efficacy of preservice teachers in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, concerning inclusive education. There were 491 people who participated in the study. The future teachers responded to a slightly modified questionnaire by Kopp (2009) using case descriptions of pupils with different educational needs to assess attitudes toward inclusion and self-efficacy in inclusive classroom settings. Results show a general effect of the intended type of school on inclusive beliefs and self-efficacy with significant differences between future teachers. Preservice teachers for special needs school rated highest in inclusive beliefs, and self-efficacy secondary school teachers and academic high school teachers lowest. The intended profession also plays a role in rating the readiness for inclusion of the presented case examples. In the eyes of future teachers, children with intellectual disabilities and complex special needs should be educated in special needs schools.
Design and evaluation of a UV LED Photocatalytic Reactor Using Anodized TiO2 Nanotubes
Authors: Ghosh Jyoti P. , Achari Gopal , Langford Cooper H.
Published: October 2015

A bench‐scale flow‐through photocatalytic reactor using light emitting diodes (LED) as light source and a TiO2 nanotube array (TN) as immobilized catalyst has been designed, fabricated and tested on commonly studied contaminants. The photoreactor is comprised of 144, 365‐nm UV‐LED lamps mounted along the inner periphery of an annular cylinder. An ordered array of TN, as catalyst, was immobilized by electrochemical anodization of a titanium cylinder and placed in the center of the reactor. Synthesized TN was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX). Laboratory investigations were conducted on the photoreactor to treat 4‐chlorophenol (4‐CP), atrazine and methylene blue. The performance of the photoreactor at different flow rates and at varying distances of photocatalyst from the light source was monitored. The photocatalytic reaction rates increased with bubbling oxygen into the reservoir. Significant improvement was observed when H2O2 was added and degradation to detection limits was observed.
Insulin Dose and Cardiovascular Mortality in the ACCORD Trial
Authors: Siraj Elias S. , Rubin Daniel J. , Riddle Matthew C. , Miller Michael E. , Hsu Fang-Chi , Ismail-Beigi Faramarz , Chen Shyh-Huei , Ambrosius Walter T. , Thomas Abraham , Bestermann William , Buse John B. , Genuth Saul , Joyce Carol , Kovacs Christopher S. , O'Connor Patrick J. , Sigal Ronald J. , Solomon Sol ,   for the ACCORD Investigators
Published: October 2015

OBJECTIVE

In the ACCORD trial, intensive treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular (CV) risk was associated with higher all-cause and CV mortality. Post hoc analyses have failed to implicate rapid reduction of glucose, hypoglycemia, or specific drugs as the causes of this finding. We hypothesized that exposure to injected insulin was quantitatively associated with increased CV mortality.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We examined insulin exposure data from 10,163 participants with a mean follow-up of 5 years. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we explored associations between CV mortality and total, basal, and prandial insulin dose over time, adjusting for both baseline and on-treatment covariates including randomized intervention assignment.

RESULTS

More participants allocated to intensive treatment (79%) than standard treatment (62%) were ever prescribed insulin in ACCORD, with a higher mean updated total daily dose (0.41 vs. 0.30 units/kg) (P < 0.001). Before adjustment for covariates, higher insulin dose was associated with increased risk of CV death (hazard ratios [HRs] per 1 unit/kg/day 1.83 [1.45, 2.31], 2.29 [1.62, 3.23], and 3.36 [2.00, 5.66] for total, basal, and prandial insulin, respectively). However, after adjustment for baseline covariates, no significant association of insulin dose with CV death remained. Moreover, further adjustment for severe hypoglycemia, weight change, attained A1C, and randomized treatment assignment did not materially alter this observation.

CONCLUSIONS

These analyses provide no support for the hypothesis that insulin dose contributed to CV mortality in ACCORD.
Study of Working Experience in Remote Rural Areas after Medical Graduation
Authors: Thapa KR , Shrestha BK , Bhattarai MD
Published: October 2015

Background Posting of doctors in remote rural areas has always been a priority for Government; however data are scarce in the country about experience of doctors of working in remote areas after medical graduation.Objective A questionnaire survey of doctors was planned to analyze their experience of working after graduation in remote rural areas in various parts of the country.Method The cross-sectional survey was done by convenience sampling method. A one-page questionnaire with one partially closed-end and five open-end type questions was distributed to the doctors who had worked in remote rural areas after graduation under various governments’ postings.Result Two-third of participants had their home in urban areas and 89.8% had stayed for 1 to 5 years. About half of the participants had difficulty in getting the posting in the remote areas of their choice. Most participants indicated provision of opportunities for Residential (postgraduate) Training as their reasons of going to remote areas as well as their suggestions to encourage young graduates to go there. Similarly most also suggested appropriate career, salary and incentives to encourage doctors to go to work in remote areas. About 85% of participants pointed out the major problem faced while posted in remote areas as difficulty in handling varied situations with no guidance or seniors available around.Conclusion The notable points indicated by the participants are centered on the opportunity for Residential Training and difficulties faced without such training. Residential Training is a priority to be considered while planning the health policy for optimum health care of people.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.12(2) 2014: 121-125
Modeling Safety Impacts of Off-Hour Delivery Programs in Urban Areas
Authors: Xie Kun , Ozbay Kaan , Yang Hong , Holguín-Veras Josέ , Morgul Ender Faruk
Published: October 2015

Truck travel on urban road networks during daytime can be a major contributor to traffic congestion. A possible approach to relieve traffic congestion in urban areas is shifting a portion of trucks from regular daytime hours to nighttime off-hours. Benefits of this off-hour delivery strategy can be noticeable, but safety impacts need to be investigated. Manhattan, the most densely populated borough of New York City, with a large demand for truck deliveries, was the study area. Truck crashes, traffic volumes, and geometric design features of 256 road segments in Manhattan were collected to develop safety evaluation models. For quantification of the safety impacts of off-hour deliveries, an improved modeling approach was proposed; it involved the use of the multivariate Poisson-lognormal model integrated with measurement errors in truck volumes. The proposed model could address the inherent correlation of specific truck crash types and correct the estimation bias for safety effects of daytime and nighttime truck volumes. A Bayesian approach was employed to estimate the parameters of the proposed model. From the Bayesian posterior distributions, daytime and nighttime truck volumes did not have significantly different effects on either minor or serious crashes. In addition, truck crash counts were estimated with the proposed model under scenarios with different proportions of truck traffic shifted to nighttime. Results showed that off-hour delivery programs were not expected to increase the overall risk of truck-involved crashes significantly. Study findings can give transportation planners and policy makers insight on safety implications and decision making on off-hour deliveries.
Impacts of Urban Logistics Measures on Multiple Actors and Decision Layers
Authors: Liedtke Gernot , Matteis Tilman , Wisetjindawat Wisinee
Published: October 2015

An approach for a multiagent model on urban commodity transport is presented. Special attention is paid to the relationship between shippers and carriers. Shippers choose lot sizes, and they commission one or several carriers. Carriers consolidate shipments in hub-and-spoke-transport networks or in en route pickup and delivery tours. Shippers and carriers interact in a transport market where carriers submit offers to the shippers. The effects of urban transport policy measures are transmitted to the ultimate decision makers in transport—the shippers—via prices. Transport tariffs are calculated on the basis of full cost using an activity-based costing schema. The model assesses the effects of a cordon toll in the Tokyo metropolitan area to shippers and carriers. In particular, it analyzes the impacts on market shares and the spatiotemporal structure of truck flows.
Young Age at Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes Is Associated with the Development of Celiac Disease—Associated Antibodies in Children Living in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
Authors: Pall Harpreet , Newhook Leigh , Aaron Hillary , Curtis Joseph , Randell Ed
Published: October 2015

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to establish the prevalence of positive antibodies to endomysium (EMA) and tissue transglutaminase (tTG) in children with type 1 diabetes living in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), and to examine clinical features associated with positive antibodies. Methods: Patients were recruited from the pediatric diabetes clinic. One hundred sixty-seven children with type 1 diabetes from the 280 children followed at the clinic were prospectively screened for celiac disease using EMA and tTG. The variables of Irish descent, age at onset of diabetes, duration of diabetes, sex, family history of celiac disease, hemoglobin A1C (A1C), ferritin, gastrointestinal symptoms, and body mass index were compiled for all patients. The group of patients with positive antibodies to EMA and/or tTG was compared to the group with negative antibodies. Results: The prevalence of patients with positive antibodies to EMA and/or tTG was 16.8% (n = 28). One patient had also been previously diagnosed with symptomatic celiac disease. The two statistically significant variables with positive antibodies were an earlier age at onset of diabetes (Mann-Whitney U two-tailed test: mean difference 3.2 years, 95% CI 1.7–4.8 years, p < 0.0001) and longer duration of diabetes (Mann-Whitney U two-tailed test: mean difference 2.9 years, 95% CI 1.3–4.4 years, p < 0.0001). Irish descent was associated with positive antibodies but did not reach statistical significance. On logistic regression analysis performed with these three variables together, only age at onset of diabetes remained significant. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of celiac disease-associated antibodies in children living in NL with type 1 diabetes. Unlike other clinical features, an earlier age at onset of diabetes was predictive for positive antibodies. As the majority of children with positive antibodies did not have signs or symptoms of celiac disease, routine screening for celiac disease in type 1 diabetes is recommended.
Four-Wire Delta Service Sinusoidal Operation and Compensation Simulator
Authors: León-Martínez Vicente , Montañana-Romeu Joaquín , Radda Peter , Cazorla-Navarro Antonio
Published: October 2015

An off-line simulator based on Excel used to evaluate the operation of four-wire delta (4WD) services as well as the effects of reactive and imbalance compensators in sinusoidal steady-state conditions is described in this paper. Voltages, currents and powers in the primary and secondary windings of the transformer as well as in the high voltage (HV) and low voltage (LV) lines and in the loads are calculated through that simulator. The apparent powers in the mains, transformer and loads are determined applying Buchholz’s and unified power measurement (UPM) formulations in both scalar and vector notations. The effects of the neutral current are especially examined, in order to minimize them, and the optimal wye load distribution is determined by the simulator. The simulator provides the necessary elements of passive reactive and unbalanced compensators that optimize the 4WD transformer operation too. Those compensators are determined for each load, and they can be separately selected and included in the simulation process or not. An application example is finally used to step by step explain how the simulator runs.
Designing a Profit-Maximizing Critical Peak Pricing Scheme Considering the Payback Phenomenon
Authors: Park Sung , Jin Young , Yoon Yong
Published: October 2015

Critical peak pricing (CPP) is a demand response program that can be used to maximize profits for a load serving entity in a deregulated market environment. Like other such programs, however, CPP is not free from the payback phenomenon: a rise in consumption after a critical event. This payback has a negative effect on profits and thus must be appropriately considered when designing a CPP scheme. However, few studies have examined CPP scheme design considering payback. This study thus characterizes payback using three parameters (duration, amount, and pattern) and examines payback effects on the optimal schedule of critical events and on the optimal peak rate for two specific payback patterns. This analysis is verified through numerical simulations. The results demonstrate the need to properly consider payback parameters when designing a profit-maximizing CPP scheme.
Re-Industrialisation and Low-Carbon Economy—Can They Go Together? Results from Stakeholder-Based Scenarios for Energy-Intensive Industries in the German State of North Rhine Westphalia
Authors: Lechtenböhmer Stefan , Schneider Clemens , Yetano Roche María , Höller Samuel
Published: October 2015

The German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) is home to one of the most important industrial regions in Europe, and is the first German state to have adopted its own Climate Protection Law (CPL). This paper describes the long-term (up to 2050) mitigation scenarios for NRW’s main energy-intensive industrial sub-sectors which served to support the implementation of the CPL. It also describes the process of scenario development, as these scenarios were developed through stakeholder participation. The scenarios considered three different pathways (best-available technologies, break-through technologies, and CO2 capture and storage). All pathways had optimistic assumptions on the rate of industrial growth and availability of low-carbon electricity. We find that a policy of “re-industrialisation” for NRW based on the current industrial structures (assumed here to represent an average growth of NRWs industrial gross value added (GVA) of 1.6% per year until 2030 and 0.6% per year from 2030 to 2050), would pose a significant challenge for the achievement of overall energy demand and German greenhouse gas (GHG) emission targets, in particular as remaining efficiency potentials in NRW are limited. In the best-available technology (BAT) scenario CO2 emission reductions of only 16% are achieved, whereas the low carbon (LC) and the carbon capture and storage (CCS) scenario achieve 50% and 79% reduction respectively. Our results indicate the importance of successful development and implementation of a decarbonised electricity supply and breakthrough technologies in industry—such as electrification, hydrogen-based processes for steel, alternative cements or CCS—if significant growth is to be achieved in combination with climate mitigation. They, however, also show that technological solutions alone, together with unmitigated growth in consumption of material goods, could be insufficient to meet GHG reduction targets in industry.
Return Migration among Elderly, Chronically Ill Bosnian Refugees: Does Health Matter?
Authors: Handlos Line , Olwig Karen , Bygbjerg Ib , Kristiansen Maria , Norredam Marie
Published: October 2015

Elderly migrants constitute a considerable share of global return migration; nevertheless, literature on the health aspects of the return migration among these migrants is still scarce. This study explores the significance of return migration among elderly, chronically ill Bosnian refugees from Denmark and the role of health issues in their decision to return. It is based on semi-structured interviews with 33 elderly, chronically ill Bosnian refugees who have moved back to Bosnia and Herzegovina, and 10 elderly, chronically ill Bosnian refugees who have remained in Denmark. The interviews show that physical health, in the sense of the absence of illness and easy access to necessary health-care services and medicines, was not highly prioritized when the decision was made whether or not to return. However, if health is regarded more broadly as involving more than mere physical health and the absence of illness, health did matter. Viewed as physical, social and mental well-being in line with WHO’s definition of health, health was indeed one of the most important factors when the decision to return was made.
Increased Histone Deacetylase Activity Involved in the Suppressed Invasion of Cancer Cells Survived from ALA-Mediated Photodynamic Treatment
Authors: Li Pei-Tzu , Tsai Yi-Jane , Lee Ming-Jen , Chen Chin-Tin
Published: October 2015

Previously, we have found that cancer cells survived from 5-Aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) have abnormal mitochondrial function and suppressed cellular invasiveness. Here we report that both the mRNA expression level and enzymatic activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) were elevated in the PDT-derived variants with dysfunctional mitochondria. The activated HDAC deacetylated histone H3 and further resulted in the reduced migration and invasion, which correlated with the reduced expression of the invasion-related genes, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), paternally expressed gene 1 (PEG1), and miR-355, the intronic miRNA. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, we further demonstrate the reduced amount of acetylated histone H3 on the promoter regions of MMP9 and PEG1, supporting the down-regulation of these two genes in PDT-derived variants. These results indicate that HDAC activation induced by mitochondrial dysfunction could modulate the cellular invasiveness and its related gene expression. This argument was further verified in the 51-10 cybrid cells with the 4977 bp mtDNA deletion and A375 ρ0 cells with depleted mitochondria. These results indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction might suppress tumor invasion through modulating histone acetylation.
Identification and Functional Analysis of MicroRNAs in Mice following Focal Cerebral Ischemia Injury
Authors: Liu Cuiying , Zhao Lei , Han Song , Li Junfa , Li Dongguo
Published: October 2015

Numerous studies have demonstrated that genes, RNAs, and proteins are involved in the occurrence and development of stroke. In addition, previous studies concluded that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are closely related to the pathological process of ischemic and hypoxic disease. Therefore, the aims of this study were to quantify the altered expression levels of miRNAs in the infarct region 6 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced focal cerebral ischemia in mice using a large-scale miRNAs microarray. Firstly, MCAO-induced cerebral ischemic injuries were investigated by observing the changes of neurological deficits, infarct volume and edema ratio. One hundred and eighteen differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in the infarct region of mice following the MCAOs compared with sham group (p < 0.05 was considered as significant). Among these 118 significantly expressed microRNAs, we found that 12 miRNAs were up-regulated with fold changes lager than two, and 18 miRNAs were down-regulated with fold changes less than 0.5 in the infarct region of mice following the 6 h MCAOs, compared with the sham group. Then, these 30 miRNAs with expression in fold change larger than two or less than 0.5 was predicted, and the functions of the target genes of 30 miRNAs were analyzed using a bioinformatics method. Finally, the miRNA-gene network was established and the functional miRNA-mRNA pairs were identified, which provided insight into the roles of the specific miRNAs that regulated specified genes in the ischemic injuries. The miRNAs identified in this study may represent effective therapeutic targets for stroke, and further study of the role of these targets may increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying ischemic injuries.
Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Herbaceous Peony in Response to Paclobutrazol Inhibition of Lateral Branching
Authors: Zhao Daqiu , Gong Saijie , Hao Zhaojun , Meng Jiasong , Tao Jun
Published: October 2015

Herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is an emerging high-grade cut flower worldwide, which is usually used in wedding bouquets and known as the “wedding flower”. However, abundant lateral branches appear frequently in some excellent cultivars, and a lack of a method to remove Paeonia lactiflora lateral branches other than inefficient artificial methods is an obstacle for improving the quality of its cut flowers. In this study, paclobutrazol (PBZ) application was found to inhibit the growth of lateral branches in Paeonia lactiflora for the first time, including 96.82% decreased lateral bud number per branch, 77.79% and 42.31% decreased length and diameter of lateral branches, respectively, declined cell wall materials and changed microstructures. Subsequently, isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technology was used for quantitative proteomics analysis of lateral branches under PBZ application and control. The results indicated that 178 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) successfully obtained, 98 DEPs were up-regulated and 80 DEPs were down-regulated. Thereafter, 34 candidate DEPs associated with the inhibited growth of lateral branches were screened according to their function and classification. These PBZ-stress responsive candidate DEPs were involved in eight biological processes, which played a very important role in the growth and development of lateral branches together with the response to PBZ stress. These results provide a better understanding of the molecular theoretical basis for removing Paeonia lactiflora lateral branches using PBZ application.
Molecular Pathways Regulating Macrovascular Pathology and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Phenotype in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Casella Sara , Bielli Alessandra , Mauriello Alessandro , Orlandi Augusto
Published: October 2015

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease reaching a pandemic proportion in developed countries and a major risk factor for almost all cardiovascular diseases and their adverse clinical manifestations. T2DM leads to several macrovascular and microvascular alterations that influence the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are fundamental players in macrovascular alterations of T2DM patients. VSMCs display phenotypic and functional alterations that reflect an altered intracellular biomolecular scenario of great vessels of T2DM patients. Hyperglycemia itself and through intraparietal accumulation of advanced glycation-end products (AGEs) activate different pathways, in particular nuclear factor-κB and MAPKs, while insulin and insulin growth-factor receptors (IGFR) are implicated in the activation of Akt and extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2. Nuclear factor-κB is also responsible of increased susceptibility of VSMCs to pro-apoptotic stimuli. Down-regulation of insulin growth-factor 1 receptors (IGFR-1R) activity in diabetic vessels also influences negatively miR-133a levels, so increasing apoptotic susceptibility of VSMCs. Alterations of those bimolecular pathways and related genes associate to the prevalence of a synthetic phenotype of VSMCs induces extracellular matrix alterations of great vessels. A better knowledge of those biomolecular pathways and related genes in VSMCs will help to understand the mechanisms leading to macrovascular alterations in T2DM patients and to suggest new targeted therapies.
A Multi-Channel Opto-Electronic Sensor to Accurately Monitor Heart Rate against Motion Artefact during Exercise
Authors: Alzahrani Abdullah , Hu Sijung , Azorin-Peris Vicente , Barrett Laura , Esliger Dale , Hayes Matthew , Akbare Shafique , Achart Jérôme , Kuoch Sylvain
Published: October 2015

This study presents the use of a multi-channel opto-electronic sensor (OEPS) to effectively monitor critical physiological parameters whilst preventing motion artefact as increasingly demanded by personal healthcare. The aim of this work was to study how to capture the heart rate (HR) efficiently through a well-constructed OEPS and a 3-axis accelerometer with wireless communication. A protocol was designed to incorporate sitting, standing, walking, running and cycling. The datasets collected from these activities were processed to elaborate sport physiological effects. t-test, Bland-Altman Agreement (BAA), and correlation to evaluate the performance of the OEPS were used against Polar and Mio-Alpha HR monitors. No differences in the HR were found between OEPS, and either Polar or Mio-Alpha (both p > 0.05); a strong correlation was found between Polar and OEPS (r: 0.96, p < 0.001); the bias of BAA 0.85 bpm, the standard deviation (SD) 9.20 bpm, and the limits of agreement (LOA) from −17.18 bpm to +18.88 bpm. For the Mio-Alpha and OEPS, a strong correlation was found (r: 0.96, p < 0.001); the bias of BAA 1.63 bpm, SD 8.62 bpm, LOA from −15.27 bpm to +18.58 bpm. These results demonstrate the OEPS to be capable of carrying out real time and remote monitoring of heart rate.
Comparative Analysis of GOCI Ocean Color Products
Authors: Amin Ruhul , Lewis Mark , Lawson Adam , Gould Jr. Richard , Martinolich Paul , Li Rong-Rong , Ladner Sherwin , Gallegos Sonia
Published: October 2015

The Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) is the first geostationary ocean color sensor in orbit that provides bio-optical properties from coastal and open waters around the Korean Peninsula at unprecedented temporal resolution. In this study, we compare the normalized water-leaving radiance (nLw) products generated by the Naval Research Laboratory Automated Processing System (APS) with those produced by the stand-alone software package, the GOCI Data Processing System (GDPS), developed by the Korean Ocean Research & Development Institute (KORDI). Both results are then compared to the nLw measured by the above water radiometer at the Ieodo site. This above-water radiometer is part of the Aerosol Robotic NETwork (AeroNET). The results indicate that the APS and GDPS processed correlates well within the same image slot where the coefficient of determination (r2) is higher than 0.84 for all the bands from 412 nm to 745 nm. The agreement between APS and the AeroNET data is higher when compared to the GDPS results. The Root-Mean-Squared-Error (RMSE) between AeroNET and APS data ranges from 0.24 [mW/(cm2srμm)] at 555 nm to 0.52 [mW/(cm2srμm)] at 412 nm while RMSE between AeroNET and GDPS data ranges from 0.47 [mW/(cm2srμm)] at 443 nm to 0.69 [mW/(cm2srμm)] at 490 nm.
The Quasi-Biennial Vertical Oscillations at Global GPS Stations: Identification by Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition
Authors: Pan Yuanjin , Shen Wen-Bin , Ding Hao , Hwang Cheinway , Li Jin , Zhang Tengxu
Published: October 2015

Modeling nonlinear vertical components of a GPS time series is critical to separating sources contributing to mass displacements. Improved vertical precision in GPS positioning at stations for velocity fields is key to resolving the mechanism of certain geophysical phenomena. In this paper, we use ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) to analyze the daily GPS time series at 89 continuous GPS stations, spanning from 2002 to 2013. EEMD decomposes a GPS time series into different intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), which are used to identify different kinds of signals and secular terms. Our study suggests that the GPS records contain not only the well-known signals (such as semi-annual and annual signals) but also the seldom-noted quasi-biennial oscillations (QBS). The quasi-biennial signals are explained by modeled loadings of atmosphere, non-tidal and hydrology that deform the surface around the GPS stations. In addition, the loadings derived from GRACE gravity changes are also consistent with the quasi-biennial deformations derived from the GPS observations. By removing the modeled components, the weighted root-mean-square (WRMS) variation of the GPS time series is reduced by 7.1% to 42.3%, and especially, after removing the seasonal and QBO signals, the average improvement percentages for seasonal and QBO signals are 25.6% and 7.5%, respectively, suggesting that it is significant to consider the QBS signals in the GPS records to improve the observed vertical deformations.
Les fouilles de l'îlot des Tanneurs à Lille
Authors: Blieck Gilles
Published: October 2015

These required about 30 volunteers aged 17 to 30 from march 26th to may 30th 1984, and dealt with about one hundred square metres at the heart of the vast area (more than 10 000 m2) cleared of all constructions to make way for a program of flats and office buildings with a shopping gallery and car park now under way.

The most spectacular yield of this campaign is certainly the discovery of about 130 rejects of a works hop specialised in the moulding of statuettes, mostly religious in subject, the most common type, representing Jesus being whipped, is to be related to an important cult practised up to the Revolution in the nearby church of the « Pauvres-Claires » cloister.
Chronique numismatique (IV)
Authors: Delmaire Roland , Derqeux D. , Gricourt Daniel , Hoogardie Y. , Leclercq P. , Révillion Stéphane , Messiant G.
Published: October 2015

Findings of antique isolated coins in the Pas-de-Calais and the Nord. Study of a small body of imitation radiated coins found in Quend (Somme) and kept in the Boulogne-sur- Mer museum, coming from a trove ot the end of the mrd century. A gold Zenon « sou » minted in Constantinople and found in Joigny-sur- Meuse (Ardennes). A small trove of 23 Gallienus and Postumus antoninians found in Hazebrouck.
Enhancing 18F-FDG-PET/CT analysis in lung cancer patients
Authors: Kapfhammer A. , Winkens T. , Lesser T. , Reissig A. , Steinert M. , Freesmeyer M.
Published: October 2015

Aim: To retrospectively evaluate the feasibility and value of CT-CT image fusion to assess the shift of peripheral lung cancers with/-out chest wall infiltration, comparing computed tomography acquisitions in shallow-breathing (SB-CT) and deep-inspiration breath-hold (DIBH-CT) in patients undergoing FDG-PET/ CT for lung cancer staging. Methods: Image fusion of SB-CT and DIBH-CT was performed with a multimodal workstation used for nuclear medicine fusion imaging. The distance of intrathoracic landmarks and the positional shift of tumours were measured using semitransparent overlay of both CT series. Statistical analyses were adjusted for confounders of tumour infiltration. Cutoff levels were calculated for prediction of no-/infiltration. Results: Lateral pleural recessus and diaphragm showed the largest respiratory excursions. Infiltrating lung cancers showed more limited respiratory shifts than non-infiltrating tumours. A large respiratory tumour-motility accurately predicted non-infiltration. However, the tumour shifts were limited and variable, limiting the accuracy of prediction. Conclusion: This pilot fusion study proved feasible and allowed a simple analysis of the respiratory shifts of peripheral lung tumours using CT-CT image fusion in a PET/CT setting. The calculated cutoffs were useful in predicting the exclusion of chest wall infiltration but did not accurately predict tumour infiltration. This method can provide additional qualitative information in patients with lung cancers with contact to the chest wall but unclear CT evidence of infiltration undergoing PET/CT without the need of additional investigations. Considering the small sample size investigated, further studies are necessary to verify the obtained results.
Are there any widespread endemic flowering plant species in Macaronesia? Phylogeography of Ranunculus cortusifolius
Authors: Williams Bethany R. M. , Schaefer Hanno , De Sequeira Miguel Menezes , Reyes‐Betancort J. Alfredo , Patiño Jairo , Carine Mark A.
Published: October 2015

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Oceanic island endemics typically exhibit very restricted distributions. In Macaronesia, only one endemic angiosperm species, Ranunculus cortusifolius, has a distribution spanning the archipelagos of the Azores, Madeira, and Canaries. Earlier work suggested possible differences between archipelagos and the multiple origins of the species. This paper tests the hypothesis that R. cortusifolius is a single widespread Macaronesian endemic species with a single origin.

METHODS:

Chloroplast (matK‐trnK, psbJ‐petA) and ITS sequences were generated from across the distribution of R. cortusifolius. Relationships were investigated using Bayesian inference and divergence times estimated using BEAST. Infraspecific variation was investigated using statistical parsimony. The general mixed Yule‐coalescent model (GMYC) was further used to identify putative species boundaries based on maternally inherited plastid data.

KEY RESULTS:

The hypothesis of multiple independent origins of R. cortusifolius is rejected. Divergence of the R. cortusifolius lineage from a western Mediterranean sister group in the late Miocene is inferred. Distinct genotypes were resolved within R. cortusifolius that are endemic to the Azores, Madeira, and the Canaries. Four to five putative species were delimited by different versions of the GMYC model.

CONCLUSION:

Ranunculus cortusifolius is the result of a single colonization of Macaronesia. The large distances between archipelagos have been effective barriers to dispersal, promoting allopatric diversification at the molecular level with diversification also evident within the Canaries. Isolation has not been accompanied by marked morphological diversification, which may be explained by the typical association of R. cortusifolius with stable and climatically buffered laurel forest communities.
A MODEL FOR MEASURING PASSENGER LOYALTY
Authors: Skačkauskienė Ilona , Vilkaitė- Vaitonė Neringa , Raudeliūnienė Jurgita , Davidavičienė Vida
Published: October 2015

Loyalty development is an essential condition for an increase in profit of airline, railway and road transport companies. It is undoubtedly relevant to the success of an organisation. However, there is a lack of unified and universally accepted indicators for customer loyalty. Consequently, a model for measuring customer loyalty can be barely applied to companies that provide transport services for passengers. This gap has presupposed the need to create a customer loyalty model that corresponds to modern needs of passenger transport organisations. The model needs to be flexible to be used by various transport organisations that provide services to passengers. Principal solutions for the design of a model for loyalty measurement emerged from the clarified role of passenger loyalty and evaluation problems. The worked out solutions include a selection of a proper concept (1), loyalty specification (2), and differentiation of loyalty measurement depending on accessible data (3). To measure loyalty, an informative and practical concept of loyalty has been chosen. Subsequently, a complex of indicators that correspond with features of passenger transport services was compiled and the measurement of customer loyalty was differentiated according to the situations of data accessibility. A quantitative model of passenger loyalty measurement is based on a behavioural concept and miscellaneous content. Therefore, it creates presumptions about measuring the state of passenger loyalty and choosing proper solutions for the development of passenger loyalty in transport organisations.
The heat exchange in the edge area – the problem of hot mix asphalt compaction
Authors: Mieczkowski Paweł
Published: October 2015

The temperature of asphalt mix during its laying is not homogenous. Edges are a particular place. An intensive collection of heat occurs there through horizontal (upper and bottom) surfaces and lateral surface. An additional factor is the thermal layer created on the surface of the layer which multiplies the potential to collect the heat by the surroundings. The theoretical calculations carried out and confirmed by laboratory tests and measurements on the road allow foreseeing the speed of temperature drops for these areas. This facilitates the correct planning of the process of compaction, and by the same obtaining the required density of mix.
Simulation for selecting road works equipment
Authors: Jaśkowski Piotr , Czarnigowska Agata , Tokarski Zbigniew , Sobotka Anna
Published: October 2015

Efficiency of road works is conditioned by selection of machines and synchronizing their operations. Modelling these works using queuing theory allows the planner to conduct an in-depth analysis of the system’s operation to find the best machine types and their optimal number. For simple cases, analytic formulas are used to calculate such parameters as a probability of a server’s standing idle, average length of a queue, or average waiting time. However, complex real-life systems are to be analyzed more efficiently by means of simulations. The paper presents simulation model of a road repaving project. Using it, the authors evaluated the economic effect and output of the system served by different machine sets. Applying a number of additional optimization criteria (cost, productivity, machine utilization rates, etc.) the authors were able to find most suitable machine sets.
Analyses of urban pavement surface temperatures
Authors: Deluka-Tibljaš Aleksandra , Šurdonja Sanja , Babić Sergije , Cuculić Marijana
Published: October 2015

Heat islands are areas that have higher air temperatures than their surroundings. It has been proven that the use of certain types of pavement surface materials contributes to the occurrence of heat islands. The heat island effect is dominant in urban areas, mainly in city centres. To identify potentially favourable pavement surface materials that are suitable for the use on surfaces in urban areas, an extensive analysis of in-place material temperatures was conducted in the city centre of Rijeka (Croatia) during the summer of 2011 and 2012. The measurements included temperatures of pavement surfaces made of asphalt, concrete and stone. The analysis results identified local materials whose use help to reduce or mitigate the effect of additional heating in the urban environment caused by emission of heat from pavement surfaces. In terms of additional heating of urbanized areas, asphalt has proven to be significantly less favourable than other analysed materials. In addition to the materials selected for the use in wearing courses, their characteristics and the microclimates of the locations where they will be placed must be taken into consideration. Among the standard paving materials, in terms of heating and temperature, concrete is more favourable than asphalt because the differences between concrete surface temperatures and air temperatures are significantly smaller than between asphalt surface temperatures and air temperatures. Stone surfaces have proven to be the most favourable. The analysis results presented can be used to establish clear guidelines for using specific materials under specific conditions.
Алергии на храна врз основа на серумски специфичен ИгЕ во Република Македонија
Authors: Христоманова-Митковска Славица , Трајков Дејан , Петличковски Александар , Ефинска-Младеновска Оливија , Спироски Мирко
Published: October 2015

ОСНОВА: Алергијата   кон   храна   се   дефинира   како   несакан   имун   одговор   кој   се   јавува   при повторувачки изложувања на било кој вид на храна и може да биде посредувана со имуноглобулин Е (ИгЕ)  противтела  или  не –ИгЕ  посредувана.  Алергиската  реакција  кон  храна  е  доста  честа  и  според последните  истражувања  се  јавува  кај  6-8%  од  децата,  а  во  последните  три  декади  забележан  е пораст во  инциденцата на алергии кон  храна.  Доколку се сомневаме за  ИгЕ  посредувана  реакција на храната  треба  да  се  направат  лабораториски  испитувања  и  да  се  одредат  вкупните  и  специфичните ИгЕ противтела кон различните видови на храна.
ЦЕЛ: Целта  на  овој  труд  е  да  се  пресмета  и  прикаже  процентот  на  алергии  на  храна  во  Република Македонија  на  основа  на  позитивен  наод  на  ИгЕ  противтела  во  серумот  на  пациенти  упатени  на Институтот за имунобиологија и хумана генетика за алерголошки тестирања во десетгодишен период (2001-2011).
МАТЕРИЈАЛ И МЕТОДИ:  Анализирани  се  ретроспективно  консекутивни  пациенти  во  десет  годишен период  (од  01.01.2001  до  01.01.2011  година),  упатени  на  Институтот  за  имунобиологија  и  хумана генетика при Медицинскиот факултет во Скопје за испитување на алергии. Анализите се направени на 3312 испитаника (пациенти) за кои имаме точни податоци за местото од кое потекнуваат, за возраста и кај кои се одредени вредностите за вкупниот ИгЕ во серумот, како и вредностите за специфичните ИгЕ противтела насочени кон алергени од храната. Анализите за одредување на вкупен ИгЕ и специфичен ИгЕ во серумот кај пациентите се изработени на UniCAP100 System; Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden.
РЕЗУЛТАТИ: При   анализата   на   дистрибуцијата   на   бројот   на   пациенти   во   секоја   група   наконцентрација   на  вкупниот  ИгЕ  покажуваат  дека   најголем  дел  од   пациентите  имале  нормални вредности  за  вкупниот  ИгЕ  во  серумот.  Од  вкупно  3312  пациенти  со  сомневање  за  постоење  на  ИгЕ посредувана  алергија на  храна кај  2367 сме добиле негативен наод за  постоење на зголемени нивоа на ИгЕ противтела, а само кај 945 испитаници сме докажале постоење на ИгЕ посредувана алергија на храна.  Најчестите  позитивни  алергени  се:  белка  од  јајце,  млеко,  варено  млеко,  пченица,  кикирики, протеини на млеко, лешник и јаболко, аод групно специфичните се: смешата од храна и смешата од овошје.
ЗАКЛУЧОЦИ: Големиот  број  на  негативни  резултати  ја  покажува  и  потребата  од  зголемување  на бројот на алерголошки лаборатории низ Република Македонија како и зголемување на едукацијата на матичните  лекари  преку  семинари,  конференции  и  предавања.  Ова  е  првата  студија  во  Република Македонија за алергии кон храна во која се прикажани резултати на осонова на добиените вредности на специфични ИгЕ противтела кон различни алергени од храна во серум.
Politique contractuelle et stratégies universitaires : le rendez-vous manqué ?
Authors: Goy Hervé
Published: October 2015

Les universités contemporaines seraient devenues en une trentaine d’années des organisations entreprenantes, à même de développer des stratégies spécifiques. Concomitamment en France, la mise en œuvre d’une politique contractuelle ne semble pas avoir vraiment permis l’affirmation des stratégies universitaires. Cet article, fondé sur l’étude longitudinale du cas d’une université française, vise à en comprendre les raisons.
Les origines ethniques et la confession des soldats de l'armée turque servant dans les châteaux forts en territoire hongrois (XVI e -XVII e siècles)
Authors: Hegyi Klára
Published: October 2015

Cette étude s'occupe de l'origine géographique des militaires qui constituaient la couche sociale majoritaire de la population « turque » des provinces ottomanes de la Hongrie. Elle analyse les listes des troupes où les scribes ajoutèrent des éléments personnels aux noms des soldats, notamment leurs lieux d'origine et leurs parents ayant droit potentiel de leur héritage. Les résultats sont les mêmes dans toutes les listes : 90 % des militaires « turcs » servant dans les forteresses hongroises étaient d'origine balkanique, dont la plupart étaient issues de la partie nord-ouest de la péninsule (Serbie, Bosnie et Herzégovine) et de la bande méridionale de la Hongrie où se concentraient les réfugiés balkaniques. La présence des Turcs anatoliens, des Arabes du Moyen-Orient et des Hongrois était très faible. La forte présence des peuples balkaniques a été confirmée par les recherches archéologiques et linguistiques.
Métrique littéraire, métrique linguistique et métrique algorithmique de l'allemand mises en jeu dans le programme Metricalizer 2
Authors: Bobenhausen Klemens , Hammerich Benjamin
Published: October 2015

Concevoir un programme qui analyse automatiquement la métrique de poèmes en langue allemande signifie se familiariser avec les traditions des deux pans de la métrique : la métrique « littéraire » et la métrique « linguistique ». Qu'est-ce qui distingue ces deux conceptions et qu'avons-nous à en apprendre ? Comment intégrer ces conceptions dans un projet de programme automatique ? Quels sont les aspects nécessaires à la réalisation d'un tel programme et qui ne sont absolument pas traités dans ces deux cadres ? Cet article est consacré à l'histoire de cette discipline et transfère les conceptions et les théories qui en découlent dans le développement d'un programme capable de reconnaître de façon autonome la typologie métrique d'un texte imprimé et d'en indiquer la complexité métrique. Les capacités actuelles du programme Metricalizer 2 seront montrées à travers des exemples d'analyse effectués par ce dernier. Mots-clés : métrique littéraire, métrique linguistique, métrique algorithmique, métrique allemande