bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The microstructure evolution of cement paste modified by cationic asphalt emulsion
Authors: Li Wei , Mao Ziming , Xu Guodong , Hong Jinxiang , Chang Honglei , Zhao Haitao , Liu Zhicheng
Published: January 2021

Cationic asphalt emulsion (CAE) is a type of organic latex that could be used to modify cement hydration products in order to improve the performance of cement paste. In this study, different methodologies were used to investigate the influence of CAE on the process of cement hydration. The results showed that with an increase in the mass ratio of asphalt to cement, the setting time of the cement paste was prolonged while the compressive strength and water absorption of the cement mortar showed obvious reductions. Other techniques were also used to investigate the cement hydration process and the microstructure evolution caused by the addition of CAE, including conductivity measurements, 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance, measurements of chemically bound water and field emission scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the formation of cement hydration products was delayed with an increase in CAE and the microstructure was affected by the CAE in that the pores were separated by asphalt film and the total porosity decreased.
A comparative study of the effects of two alkanolamines on cement hydration
Authors: Lu Zichen , Kong Xiangming , Jansen Daniel , Zhang Chaoyang
Published: January 2021

The effects of two alkanolamines, triethanolamine (TEA) and diethanol-isopropanolamine (DEIPA), on cement hydration were comparatively investigated by several techniques including calorimetry, in situ X-ray diffraction analysis and pore solution analysis. Results show that the cement hydration regime is greatly altered by the alkanolamines, depending on their types and dosages. At the dosage of 0.5%, the aluminate reactions, including the formation of AFt and the reaction of C4AF, are greatly accelerated, and consequently the silicate hydration is retarded. Compared to DEIPA, TEA increases the [Al] in pore solution, probably due to the stronger complexation with aluminate ions (Al(OH)4−), while DEIPA notably enhances the dissolution of C4AF after depletion of gypsum, suggesting a stronger complexation with iron ions (Fe3+). Through a comparison of the hydration of pure alite and cement systems, it is found that the effects of the two alkanolamines on cement hydration are primarily influenced by their impacts on the aluminate reaction.
Effect of K2O content on properties of sugar cane bagasse ash-cement-based systems
Authors: de Pádua Paula Gisele Lamezon , Cordeiro Guilherme Chagas
Published: January 2021

The influence of potassium oxide contamination of sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA) on the hydration of cement-based pastes and the compressive strength of mortars was investigated. Three SCBAs with different potassium oxide contents (2.7–12.6%) were used. The SCBA samples were initially characterised by their particle size distribution, BET specific surface area (SSA), pore volume, mineralogy and pozzolanic activity based on the Chapelle method. The hydration of cement-based pastes containing 20 wt% of SCBA was investigated using isothermal calorimetry and chemical shrinkage. The compressive strength of the mortars was evaluated at 3, 7, 28 and 90 days. The pozzolanic activity of SCBA was found to increase with decreasing potassium oxide content due to the higher silicon dioxide content and SSA of the SCBA dosed with a low potassium oxide content in comparison with other samples. The potassium oxide dosage had a limited influence on the paste hydration, except for a slight increase in the induction period observed by calorimetry. Cement replacement with SCBA with a high potassium oxide dosage led to maintenance of the compressive strength in relation to the reference up to 90 days. The mortars with low and medium potassium oxide contents showed good performance in terms of compressive strength, with significant increases compared with the reference after 90 days of curing.
Limit analysis approach for the in-plane collapse of masonry arches
Authors: Pepe Marco , Pingaro Marco , Trovalusci Patrizia
Published: January 2021

This paper deals with the numerical evaluation of the in-plane collapse behaviour of unreinforced masonry arches and portals characterised by different geometries subjected to several loading conditions and modelled as assemblages of rigid blocks in contact through no-tensional and frictional interfaces. This study has been conducted using a new in-house code, which represents the updated version of the numerical procedure presented in the pioneering work of Baggio and Trovalusci). The minimisation problem corresponding to the upper-bound (or kinematic) approach of limit analysis is written as a linear programming problem solved taking advantages of the algorithms nowadays available. An important feature of the code is the capability to provide information about the sliding collapse of masonry structures, adopting the assumption of dilatancy in the analytic description of the yielding surface, permitting to overcome the classical Heyman's hypothesis, which limited the investigation of collapse to only hinging modes. A key contribution of this study is the comparison of results in terms of collapse multipliers and collapse mechanisms, considering different literature contributes as benchmark references. This research reveals the suitability of approaches based on mathematical programming and the crucial role played by sliding.
A cost-effective methodology to compare travel time and speed: a tale of 11 cities
Authors: Sabet Saba , Namdarpour Farnoosh , Mesbah Mahmoud
Published: January 2021

Urban commuters and road authorities are interested in knowing how well their city can manage traffic conditions. It is challenging to make a fair comparison among global cities due to the absence of a consistent, publicly accessible and inexpensive framework. This study proposes a methodology to compare travel time and average speed in different cities. Large cities have a central core, in which many of the major activities take place. This core is called downtown or the central business district (CBD). In this study, a comparison is made by simulating the morning commute trips from origins outside to destinations inside the CBD. The proposed framework outlines how the city and the CBD borders are defined. The data are collected by an accessible location service (Google Maps Distance Matrix Application Programming Interface). The framework is conducted on 11 major cities from the five continents, namely Cairo, London, Los Angeles, Melbourne, Moscow, New York, Paris, Singapore, Sydney, Tehran and Toronto. As such Singapore and Cairo had the shortest, while London and Paris had the longest travel times. According to the distribution graphs of average speed and travel time, Asian and African cities experienced a relatively higher average speed and a lower travel time.
Behaviour of reinforced concrete beams having recesses in tension and compression sides
Authors: Ali Ahmed N. , Afefy Hamdy M. , Kassem Nesreen M. , Taher Salah El-Din F.
Published: January 2021

A reinforced concrete beam with a recess is an example of a non-prismatic beam, which develops stress concentrations at the corner of the recess owing to the abrupt change in its depth. This entails appropriate detailing of internal reinforcement in order to avoid premature failure. This study presents the load transfer mechanism employing the strut-and-tie model (STM) for four non-prismatic beams with recesses in the shear span zone at both compression and tension sides, tested under a four-point loading scheme. The proposed STMs for the tested beams were developed based on both the cracking patterns near failure of experimentally tested beams and the developed stress contours based on linear static analysis. In addition, a simplified method is proposed to estimate the maximum mid-span deflection of simply supported beams with recesses. The results obtained reveal that the STM gave good predictions, with an average of about 86% of the ultimate experimental loads. Based on the results of the parametric study conducted, it was found that the most significant parameter was the recess depth from the viewpoint of stress concentration factor, cracking load and maximum crack width. Finally, recommendations and guidelines for the design of reinforced concrete beams with recesses are presented.
A path to more versatile code provisions for slab deflection control
Authors: Sanabra-Loewe Marc , Capellà-Llovera Joaquín , Ramírez-Anaya Sandra , Pujadas-Gispert Ester
Published: January 2021

An assessment of the methods of codes ACI 318 and Eurocode 2 is performed to establish a minimum slenderness for reinforced concrete slabs, which is a simplified method for controlling the deflection of slabs. This assessment is performed by comparing these methods with each other and with two further methods that have inspired, among others, the Australian standard for concrete structures. The variables evaluated include those that most influence deflection control (span, load and allowable deflection). The study cases include spans that range from 6 m (20 ft) to 12 m (40 ft) and loads that range from 5 kN/m2 (104 lb/ft2) to 15 kN/m2 (313 lb/ft2). The results of the study reveal some of the key advantages and shortcomings of the ACI 318 and Eurocode 2 provisions. Suggestions are provided to improve the current provisions of the codes. Methods that are not too complicated but more refined can help the code provisions to become more versatile. The aim of this work is to minimise potential problems caused by designing excessively thick slabs (heavy and pollutant) or excessively slender slabs (too deformable).
Moment redistribution in reinforced concrete castellated beams with external pre-stressing
Authors: Nabil Abdelaziz , Afefy Hamdy M. , Kassem Nesreen M.
Published: January 2021

This paper presents the results of both experimental and numerical investigations on the overall structural performance of two-equal-span reinforced concrete perforated (castellated) beams subjected to external pre-stressing. First, the effects of providing castellated openings along with the application of external pre-stressing on both the ultimate capacity and the percentage of moment redistribution were investigated experimentally. Then, after validation of the numerical modelling, the effects of controlling the parameters on the percentage of moment redistribution were investigated numerically. Experimental results showed that providing castellated openings accelerated the appearance of both flexural and shear cracks, and decreased the ultimate capacity by about 24% compared to that of a solid beam. Moreover, application of external pre-stressing on the castellated beam compensated for the reduction in ultimate capacity and outperformed it by about 9% compared to that of a solid beam. Based on the numerical results, it appears to be better to increase the amount of main tensile steel and strand eccentricity at the hogging moment zone, as well as increase the effective pre-stressing force, to reduce the percentage of moment redistribution at both sagging and hogging moments.
Reliability analysis of structures by iterative sequential sampling based response surface
Authors: Kabasi Sounak , Roy Atin , Chakraborty Subrata
Published: January 2021

In the metamodelling-based Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) framework for reliability analysis of structures, the training samples used to construct the response surface should be as close to the failure plane as possible to ensure sufficient accuracy in reliability estimates. For this, an algorithm based on the maximin distance criterion combined with an error norm based on leave-one-out cross-validation (CV) is proposed to construct a moving least-squares based response surface for improved reliability estimate. The algorithm hinges on the fact that the MCS points having predicted responses less than the maximum absolute error obtained by the leave-one-out CV approach are likely to have the maximum effect on the accuracy of the reliability estimate. Relying on this, two points are added at each iteration, ensuring that the new data points are sufficiently close to the actual limit state and adequately far from existing data points. The improved reliability estimation capability of the proposed algorithm considering the direct MCS-based results as the benchmark is elucidated numerically by considering two example problems.
BACKGROUND OF THE FORMATION OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING
Authors:   Kyrgyz State University named after Arabaev, Zhumanazarov Kuban
Published: January 2021

In the modern education system, new teaching methods and technologies that are successfully used in the educational process. They are aimed at the complete assimilation of educational material, at the application of acquired knowledge in practice, at ensuring the effectiveness of training. Among them, an important place is occupied by interactive training. Interactive learning is realized when the student independently learns the learning material, participates in a dialogue with students, interacts with each other, and applies the acquired knowledge in practice. The main characteristic of interactive learning is student interaction. Student interaction is not a new concept; it has been created for centuries. The article examines the formation and development of student interactions in the learning process.
GEOLOGICAL MONUMENTS OF NATURE OF AMUR REGION
Authors:   Institute of Geology and Natural Management of Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Melnikov A.V.
Published: January 2021

The brief analysis of guards and rational usage of geologic monuments to Russia is conducted. On the main(basic) value the geologic monuments of the nature are parted into seven types: stratigrafo-geokhronological, paleontological, mineral-petrographical, tectonical, geomorphological, hydrological and picturesque. The exposures of rocks and form(shape) of a surfaces having scientific or aesthetic value, permitting concern most typical to them to understand a geologic history of territory of the Amur area.
PROTECTED SPECIES OF THE GENUS ABIES: WORLD OVERVIEW
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Pevchev V.V.
Published: January 2021

The reader is briefly introduced to the IUCN red book. The types of firs that need protection are listed and their categories are indicated. The types of firs in Russia are indicated. The range of protected species of firs is considered. Their limiting factors and security measures are given.
THE SOME RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH OF THE NATURE MONUMENT «SUKHORECHENSKIYE CUPS» IN THE VICINITY OF TOMSK CITY
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Semenova N.M. , Sokolov A.M. ,   Tourist club "Zodiac» (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Moiseev N.M. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Ganiev T.M. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Otcheskaya Т.S. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2021

Some results of the study of lime caps in the Ushayka river basin near the village of Sukhorechye are presented. The morphometric features of travertine springs are considered. The need for special protection of the Sukhorechenskiye caps is determined.
APPROACHES TO EXPANSION OF THE PROTECTED AREAS NETWORK IN THE ORENBURG-KAZAKHSTAN CROSS-BORDER REGION
Authors:   The Steppe Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Grudinin D.A. , Levykin S.V. ,   The Steppe Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2021

The analysis of existing opinions and approaches to the development and functioning of protected areas is carried out on the scale of countries and regions. The current state of the protected areas network of the studied Orenburg-Kazakhstan cross-border region is analyzed. On the basis of a complex interfaced analysis of geodata and fieldwork, promising areas for expanding the network of protected areas were identified.
CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE AND ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS OF STANDS IN THE TRANSITION ZONE BETWEEN THE FOREST AND MOUNTAIN STEPPES IN THE KRAKA MASSIF, SOUTH URALS
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution ", Gaysin I.K. ,   Bashkir State Nature Reserve» (Republic of Bashkortostan)
Published: January 2021

The structure of tree stands in the ecotone between the forest and extrazonal steppes on southern slope the South Kraka mountain range (eastern macro slope of the South Urals) was investigated. On the basis of taxation data and the identified close relationships between the biomass of trees and the diameters of their trunks, aboveground biomass of stands was calculated. It has been shown that the deterioration of microclimatic and soil conditions for the growth and regeneration of trees in the transition zone between the forest and mountain steppes leads to a significant change in taxation characteristics and aboveground biomass of tree stands.
KOMBINATSKIYE LAKES AS A PERSPECTIVE SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL AREA
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Zhizhin A.A.
Published: January 2021

The characteristic of a group of lakes in the Parabel River basin, which the locals call Combinatskiye Lakes, is given. The conditions of placement of these lakes are considered. The possibility of creating here a new specially protected natural area of regional significance is being determined.
ASSESSMENT OF MACROZOOBENTHOS OF SMALL RIVERS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE STATE NATURAL RESERVE «KOLOGRIVSKY FOREST» NAMED AFTER M.G. SINITSYNA
Authors:   Nekrasov Kostroma State University (Kostroma, Russia), Kotova M.S. , Sokolova T.L. ,   Nekrasov Kostroma State University (Kostroma, Russia)
Published: January 2021

The article presents the results of a study of biodiversity and quantitative representation of macrozoobenthos communities of small rivers in the Kologrivsky reserve.
PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE POOL OF THE TELETSK LAKE IN THE LATE NEOPLEISTOCENE – HOLOTSENE
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Rybalko A.
Published: January 2021

The section of lake sediments located in the Teletskoye Lake region of Gorny Altai, at the mouth of the Iogach River, was studied and described. Based on the data of radiocarbon and spore-pollen methods, the age of the studied lake sediments is accepted as Late Neopleistocene.
CROWN ENTOMOFAUNA OF THE AMELANCHIER ALNIFOLIA (NUTT.) IN THE NORTHERN FOREST-STEPPE OF THE OB REGION
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Kuzmina T.V. , Toropova E.Yu. ,   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University
Published: January 2021

The results of the entomological fauna biological diversity study at the Saskatoon berries Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) crown in the Ob region Northern forest-steppe are presented. The entomological fauna composition of the Saskatoon berries crown was represented by more than 22 families from 7 orders. The insect number and biological diversity depended on the timing and duration of Amelanchier alnifolia bloom, which was determined by the weather conditions in the May.
INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION OF NOVOKUZNETSK AS A SOURCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Authors:   Altai State University (Barnaul, Russia), Yadrova S.A. , Shvetsova L.V. ,   Altai State University (Barnaul, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2021

The industrial production of Novokuznetsk and the Novokuznetsk district is diversified and is a source of environmental pollution. The concentration of industrial enterprises creates a difficult environmental situation, which negatively affects the health of the population.
NATURAL MONUMENTS IN THE CONSERVATION OF BIOLOGICAL AND LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY (HISTORICAL AND MEMORIAL DEPARTMENT «THE HOMESTY V.P. SUKACHEVA» IRKUTSK REGIONAL ART MUSEUM)
Authors:   Irkutsk Regional Art Museum named after V. P. Sukachev, Zaytseva A.M.
Published: January 2021

The problems of preserving biological and landscape diversity in the historical park of the Estate of V.P. Sukacheva. Presented are forms of work with visitors aimed at the formation of an ecological culture and the preservation of a natural monument.
«THE CZAR'S ROAD» – PERSPECTIVE HISTORICAL, TOURISTICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL SUBJECT OF THE RUSSIAN VALUES
Authors:   Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Petrozavodsk, Russia), Kulikov V.S. , Kuznetsova E.V. ,   Tourist Information Center of the Republic of Karelia (Petrozavodsk, Russia)
Published: January 2021

Some significant episodes of Peter 1's activity in the North of Russia are considered. The creation in 1702 of the"Osudareva road" (White sea – Onega lake) with a length of at least 190 km and the transfer of troops, ammunition and two yachts to storm the Swedish fortress of Noteburg, contributed to Russia's access to the Baltic sea and the intensive development of the North-West of the country. Recommended the continuation of studies of the road and search its supplementary relics.
ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION OF STUDENTING TEENAGERS IN THE PROCESS OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   Dagestan State Pedagogical University, Nedyurmagomedov G.G.
Published: January 2021

The article considers the role of environmental education in the formation of the ecological culture of students of adolescents as the ultimate goal. Based on the analysis of the results of experimental work, the effectiveness of the proposed pedagogical conditions for the formation of ecological culture in the process of educational activity in the lessons of natural sciences is revealed.
Hearing screening program of the
first class students in primary schools
from the Mazovia voivodeship
Authors: Skarżyński Piotr , Świerniak Weronika , Gocel Maria , Tarczyński Krzysztof , Soćko Sylwia , Król Bartłomiej , Kochanek Krzysztof , Doliński Paweł , Skarżyński Henryk
Published: January 2021

Wstęp

W dniu 1 sierpnia 2017 r. Instytut Fizjologii i Patologii Słuchu rozpoczął program badań przesiewowych słuchu obejmujący
całe województwo mazowieckie – pierwszy na świecie region, w którym badaniami słuchu została objęta cała populacja dzieci rozpoczynających edukację szkolną. W ramach programu rodzice / opiekunowie prawni dzieci oraz pracownicy podmiotów udzielających świadczeń podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej wzięli udział w spotkaniach informacyjno-edukacyjnych.

Cel

Wczesne wykrycie zaburzeń słuchu u dzieci przystępujących do obowiązku szkolnego na terenie województwa mazowieckiego
oraz zwiększenie świadomości rodziców oraz pracowników podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej na temat zaburzeń słuchu.

Materiał i metody

W trakcie dwuletniego programu badaniami objęto łącznie 39 937 uczniów. Procedura przesiewowych badań
słuchu składała się ze wstępnego badania lekarskiego z użyciem otoskopu oraz przesiewowego badania audiometrycznego określającego progi słyszenia przy użyciu Platformy Badań Zmysłów. Elementem procedury było również wypełnienie przez rodziców / opiekunów prawnych krótkiej ankiety audiologicznej, składającej się z 8 pytań, opracowanej przez specjalistów z Instytutu Fizjologii i Patologii Słuchu w Kajetanach.

Wyniki

Nieprawidłowy wynik badania przesiewowego stwierdzono u 8791 (tj. 22%) badanych dzieci). Większość ubytków słuchu
była w stopniu od lekkiego do umiarkowanego. Analiza wykazała, że wśród dzieci z nieprawidłowym wynikiem badania audiometrycznego, 65,2% miało niedosłuch jednostronny. W większości przypadków (tj. ponad 79%) rodzice nie zauważyli u swoich dzieci problemów ze słuchem.

Wnioski

Badania przesiewowe słuchu u dzieci rozpoczynających obowiązek szkolny powinny być stałym elementem programów
profilaktyki zdrowotnej. Badania przesiewowe słuchu to element procesu, który ma celu wczesne wykrycie zaburzeń słuchu i wdrożenie postępowania diagnostycznego, terapeutycznego oraz rehabilitacyjnego, aby stworzyć szansę na prawidłowy rozwój. To oznacza ogromną odpowiedzialność spoczywającą na wszystkich grupach zawodowych zaangażowanych w cały proces wczesnej identyfikacji i rehabilitacji zaburzeń słuchu. Niewątpliwie nad prawidłowym przebiegiem realizacji programu muszą czuwać odpowiednie
towarzystwa naukowe i stowarzyszenia zawodowe.
GUAM TRANSPORT CORRIDOR: POLITICS VS. ECONOMICS IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Authors: Nanavov A. S. , Mamishova N. Sh.
Published: January 2021

The ODED-GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development (GUAM) was originated more than two decades ago as a friendly cooperative forum of a few post-Soviet countries committed to Euro-Atlanticism. In 2006 the grouping was transformed into a full-fledged international organization bringing together Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, and Moldova. Notwithstanding the geostrategic role of cooperation within GUAM in terms of energy security, protracted conflicts, trade links and other key policy areas, the organization has been recurrently failing to create a common front for its member states. It has been mostly with the recent actualization of ambitious trade and transportation projects to engage the four states that GUAM started to “return to the big game” and attract significant attention from governments and scholars. This study explores the political and economic significance of international transport routes within the framework of intergovernmental relations exampling the origins and evolution, strengths and weaknesses of the GUAM Transport Corridor (GUAM TC) project, and also some insights on reingovirating the transport cooperation agenda in the GUAM region.
Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday Genotiplerinde SSR (Mikrosatalit) Markörü Kullanılarak Kahverengi Pas Dayanıklılık Geni Lr10’un Belirlenmesi
Authors: KURT Pakize , YAĞDI Köksal
Published: January 2021

Çalışmada, Türkiye’de ekmeklik buğday tarımında sıklıkla tercih edilen çeşitler, CIMMYT-Meksika’dan temin edilen Thatcher hatlar ve bu genotipler arasında yapılan melezlemeler sonucu elde edilen F1 melez genomlarında, SSR (Basit Dizi Tekrarları-Mikrosatelit) yöntemi kullanılarak, kahverengi pas hastalığına dayanıklılık genleri arasında önemli bir yere sahip olan Lr10 geninin varlığını incelenmiştir. Araştırma yer alan genotipler, 2013-2017 yetiştirme dönemlerinde; deneme materyalinin çoğaltılması, genotipler arası melezlemelerin gerçekleştirilmesi ve kahverengi pas hastalığının arazi gözlemlerinin yapılması amacıyla Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi deneme alanında yetiştirilmiştir. Yapılan melezlemeler sonucu elde edilen 13 adet F1 hattı, 22 adet ekmeklik (Triticum aestivum L.) buğday çeşidi ile 2 adet Thatcher hat (Lr10, TcHassas), Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü Tohumluk Laboratuvarında SSR (mikrosatlit) yöntemi kullanılarak DNA analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Yapılan analizler sonucunda Lr10 geni; Karatopak, Kaşifbey ve Gün-91 çeşitlerinde tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan bu çalışma; ekmeklik buğdayda SSR tekniğinin kahverengi pas dayanıklılık genlerini belirlemede kullanılabilir olduğunu saptamış ve ayrıca çalışmada yer alan Thatcher (yakın izogenik) hatlarının dar bir genetik yapıya sahip olmaları sebebiyle, taranan dayanıklılık genlerini belirlemede iyi bir belirteç genom olduğu sonucunda varılmıştır. Gelecekte yürütülecek ıslah programlarında dayanıklılık genleri içeren genotiplerin belirlenmesinde moleküler markörlerin kullanılmasının kısa sürede ve kesin sonuçlara ulaşmada etkili olacağı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Width of attached gingiva an important consideration for periodontium- A case report and literature review
Authors: Sachdeva Shivani , Mani Ameet , Saluja Harish , Mani Shubhangi , Lade Ashmita
Published: January 2021

Reduced width can cause inflammation more frequently leading to recession. Increase in width of attached gingiva can be done by free gingival grafts, connective tissue grafts, guided tissue regeneration or acellular dermal matrix (ADM). Though, ADM has advantage that it doesnot create a donor site but, it is costly and shrinkage is more in comparison to connective tissue graft. The present case report is of female patient with reduced width of attached gingiva which causes blanching and sensitivity of teeth.
Pitch Variations Study on Helically Coiled Pipe in Turbulent Flow Region Using CFD
Authors: Faraj Anwer F. , Azzawi Itimad D.J. , Yahya Samir G.
Published: January 2021

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study was conducted to analyse the flow structure and the effect of varying the coil pitch on the coil friction factor and wall shear stress, through utilising different models’ configurations. Three coils were tested, all of them having the same diameter and coil diameter: 0.005m and 0.04m respectively. Pitch variations began with 0.01, 0.05, 0.25 m for the first, second and third model respectively. Two turbulence models, STD(k-ϵ) and STD(k-w), were utilised in this simulation in order to determine the turbulence model which could capture most of the flow characteristics. A comparison was made between the STD(k-ϵ) and STD(k-w) models in order to analyse the pros and cons of each model. The results were validated with Ito’s equation for turbulent flow and compared with Filonenko’s equation for a straight pipe. The governing equations were discretized using finite volumes method and the SIMPLE algorithm was used to solve the equations iteratively. All the models were simulated using the ANSYS Fluent solver CFD commercial code. The results showed that in turbulent flows, Dean number had a stronger effect on reducing coil friction factor than the increment in pitch dimension.
Optimization of Earth Air Tube Heat Exchanger for Cooling Application Using Taguchi Technique
Authors: Ahmad Saif Nawaz , Prakash Om
Published: January 2021

Earth air tube heat exchanger (EATHE) is one of the passive technologies which utilize the earth stored heat (renewable energy) for heating/cooling the buildings. EATHE releases heat to earth for cooling space in summer, making the earth a heat sink and extracts earth-stored energy for heating space in winter and makes the earth a heat source. This paper optimizes the Length of the ground heat exchanger and overall heat transfer coefficient of earth air heat exchanger using the Taguchi technique for cooling application. For this purpose, we select six factors such as installation depth of Pipe (A), Pipe's inner diameter (B), Thermal conductivity of pipe material (C), Inlet air temperature (D), Outlet air temperature (E), Inlet air velocity (F). All these factors are taken at three levels, and we select an L27 orthogonal array for experimental runs. The ground heat exchanger's Length and the overall heat transfer coefficient were then calculated for each experimental run. In the Taguchi method, we find the signal to noise ratio for an optimal combination of all six factors and ANOVA to find the order of influencing parameters and their percentage contributions for both the objective parameters. According to our results, the best combination for all the six factors for ground heat exchanger length and overall heat transfer coefficient were A1B1C3D1E3F1 and A2B3C2D3E1F3, respectively. The highest and lowest influencing factors for ground heat exchanger length were the pipe's inner diameter and the pipe's installation depth with their contribution factors of 69.12 and 0.32%, respectively. In contrast, the highest and lowest influencing factors for the overall heat transfer coefficient were the pipe's inner diameter and thermal conductivity of pipe material with their contribution factors of 75.97and 0%, respectively. Hence the order of influence of all the six factors for both the objective parameters was BEFDCA.
Persian Astronomy in Sanskrit
Authors: Misra Anuj
Published: January 2021

Starting from the late medieval period of Indian history, Islamicate and Sanskrit astral sciences exchanged ideas in complex discourses shaped by the power struggles of language, culture, and identity. The practice of translation played a vital role in transporting science across the physical and mental realms of an ever-changing society. The present study begins by looking at the culture of translating astronomy in late-medieval and early-modern India. This provides the historical context to then examine the language with which Nityānanda, a seventeenth-century Hindu astronomer at the Mughal court of Emperor Shāh Jahān, translated into Sanskrit the Persian astronomical text of his Muslim colleague Mullā Farīd. Nityānanda's work is an example of how secular innovation and sacred tradition expressed themselves in Sanskrit astral sciences.
This article includes a comparative description of the contents in the second discourse of Mullā Farīd's  Zīj-i Shāh Jahānī  (c. 1629/30) and the second part of Nityānanda's Siddhāntasindhu (c. early 1630s), along with a critical examination of the sixth chapter from both these works. The chapter-titles and the contents of the sixth chapter in Persian and Sanskrit are edited and translated into English for the very first time. The focus of this study is to highlight the linguistic (syntactic, semantic, and communicative) aspects in Nityānanda's Sanskrit translation of Mullā Farīd's Persian text. The mathematics of the chapter is discussed in a forthcoming publication. An indexed glossary of technical terms from the edited Persian and Sanskrit text is appended at the end of the work.
Genetic Evaluation of Egg Production and Egg Quality Attributes in Japanese Quails through Partial Periods
Authors: Monika M. , Rokadae J.J. , Narayan R. , Verma Med Ram , Panda Snehasmita , Saharia Jyotirmoy
Published: January 2021

Background: Egg production efficiency is typically measured through age and body weight at sexual maturity, egg number and egg weight during certain production periods. Increased egg weight and number of eggs are the primary purpose of the laying bird breeding programmes. Partial period analysis enhances selection process as the variations occurring throughout the bird’s productive life are identified and helps in the selection decisions. The current study aimed to study the genetic parameters such as heritability, phenotypic and genetic correlations to improve egg production performance and egg quality traits in Japanese quail reared at the Central Avian Research Institute (CARI). Methods: In present investigation, data recording was carried out from the Japanese quail population at experimental quail farm, CARI during 2019-2020. The individual mating was conducted between 180 sires and 180 dams of three varieties of Japanese quails were randomly selected from the base populations to develop first generation of experimental population. The hatched chicks were wing banded and the pedigree details recorded. For economic traits such as egg production and egg quality estimation, 40 sires and 40 dams were selected and parameters were evaluated. Result: In this present investigation, egg number from 10-16th week of age exhibited moderate to high heritable values. Egg weight was estimated moderate heritability traits. In egg quality traits, all values were moderate to high heritable values except yolk density in all the three varieties.
An Alternative Buffalo Urine-based Non-invasive Early Estrus Test using Wheat and Mung Bean Seed Germination
Authors: Bhatia Tanvi , Nayan Varij , Singh Rakshita , Singh Chhama , Bhardwaj Anuradha , Kumar Sunil , Swaroop M. Naveen , Onteru S.K. , Sharma R.K. , Bharadwaj Anurag , Singh Dheer , Mohanty A.K.
Published: January 2021

Background: The silent estrus problem in buffaloes is one of the major bottlenecks in buffalo management. Here, we present for the first time a simple and urine-based non-invasive seed germination inhibition test to detect the early estrus in buffaloes. Methods: The urine samples were collected from buffaloes on 0, 6, 10, 14, 18, 21 and 28 days after detection of signs of heat. The mungbean and wheat seeds (n=15 each) were treated with diluted (1:2 and 1:4) and undiluted urine samples. The results were analyzed in terms of germination inhibition percentage (GI%) and shoot length (SL) measurements. Control was established using distilled water in place of urine. Conclusion: In 1:4 dilution urine samples, a significant (P ≤ 0.05) decrease in GI% and SL were observed after 48 hours and 5 days, respectively in both the seeds, which could be useful as an estrus test. No significant results were observed for GI% and SL with undiluted and 1:2 diluted samples in both seeds. Our findings demonstrate that GI% and SL were inhibited around peri-estrus events, increased from 10th-14th days and then gradually decreased with 1:4 dilution of urine. This estrus test may assist the farmers in timing AI.
Assessment of Somaclonal Variations in Embryo-derived Axillary Shoots of Chickpea using Molecular Markers
Authors: Alghamdi S.S. , Migdadi H.M. , Khan M.A. , El-Harty E.H. , Dewir Y.H.
Published: January 2021

Background: Somaclonal variation is considered as a source of genetic variation for crop improvement. It has been investigated using cytological, biochemical and molecular techniques. Methods: Genetic stability in the embryo-derived axillary shoots of 4 chickpea genotypes was assessed using eight inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and 19 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. Result: RAPD primers produced 94 and ISSR primers produced 38 distinct and scorable alleles, with an average of 4.9 alleles for RAPD and 4.75 for ISSR primers. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.36 to 0.90 for RAPD and from 0.50 to 0.87 for ISSR. ISSR recognized a 90%, but RAPD recognized 82% similarity value. No absolute similarity value was between the mother plant and the regenerated shoots for the overall genotypes. At a 90% similarity value, 15 out of the 20 regenerated shoots from ‘Giza 88’ group with their mother plant using ISSR markers; however, 11 regenerated shoots grouped with their mother plant in one central cluster for ‘Giza 4’ using RAPD markers. The observed variations in the total number of polymorphic RAPD and ISSR bands and the number of bands specific to the mother and regenerated shoots, detected intra-clonal variation and genetic instability seem to be genotype-dependent.
LGBTQ+ Family Expansion in the Age of COVID-19: A Brief Report
Authors: Harvey Penny , Ingraham Natalie
Published: January 2021

LGBTQ+ people face many barriers when trying to expand their families. The COVID-19 crisis has exacerbated existing structural barriers. In this report, we detail several existing structural barriers to reproduction that LGBTQ+ people face, highlight how those barriers are worsened by COVID-19, and suggest solutions to these barriers. We bring into conversation existing literature on family expansion and fertility treatment access for LGBTQ+ people, and situate it in the context of the current global pandemic. We argue that reproductive medicine is an essential service for LGBTQ+ people and that legislators, medical societies, and medical professionals should prioritize removing existing barriers and addressing new COVID-related ones.
UNREALISTIC OPTIMISM AND HEXACO TRAITS AS PREDICTORS OF RISK PERCEPTION AND COMPLIANCE WITH COVID-19 PREVENTIVE MEASURES DURING THE FIRST WAVE OF PANDEMIC
Authors: Oljača Milan , Sadiković Selka , Branovački Bojan , Pajić Dejan , Smederevac Snežana , Mitrović Dušanka
Published: January 2021

The aims of this study were to examine possible differences and factors that contribute to risk perception and compliance with preventive measures at the beginning (T1) and the end (T2) of the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic. The sample consisted of 423 participants (M = 30.29, SD = 14.45; 69% female). Compliance, risk perception and trust in information were significantly higher in T1 than T2. For risk perception, significant predictors in both T1 and T2 were age, Emotionality (HEXACO-PI-R) and Unrealistic Optimism (NLE, Negative Life Events). Trust in information was a significant predictor in T1, while Unrealistic Optimism (Positive Life Events) was a significant predictor in T2. For compliance, significant predictors in T1 were gender and trust in information while in T2 were Emotionality, Extraversion, Conscientiousness (HEXACO-PI-R), NLE and trust in information, for both T1 and T2. In general, findings suggest a much more pronounced role of personality traits in adherence to protective measures at the end than at the beginning of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia. Also, the results indicate the role of unrealistic optimism regarding negative life events in lower compliance with protective measures.
PILGRIMAGE AS A MEETING IN TIME: HERMENEUTICAL ASPECT
Authors:   Russian academy of sciences, Pilyugina Margarita A.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of pilgrimage in a practical and philosophical context. Considering it as a socio-cultural phenomenon allows us to explore not only the spiritual and religious meanings of this activity. Pilgrimage, as an activity initially aimed at gaining and understanding of meanings and events, is closely linked to the hermeneutic tradition. By applying the principle of historicism, using the comparative and hermeneutical method and the method of contextual analysis, the author presents an attempt at an interdisciplinary study of pilgrimage. It is shown that the use of hermeneutical concepts formulated by V. Diltey, G.-G. Gadamer and P. Riker contributes to the understanding of various objective and subjective aspects of this activity. Pilgrimage is considered in its directed procedurality and activity, an important element of which is the knowledge of the meanings contained in the symbols that accompany and define this path. It is concluded that in addition to the sacred and existential contexts, which are meaning-forming, objective and collective components are no less important, as evidenced by the genre of pilgrimage literature and its evolution. It is shown that as a result of the spread of knowledge and secularization processes, the system of values changes and pilgrimage, in addition to preserving traditional ones, acquires new goals and forms associated with changing the concept of the sacred. In the modern understanding, the connection with communication and educational activities, with tradition and identification processes becomes important. The development of the information society indicates a further change in value orientations and devaluation of the original meanings of pilgrimage activities. Pilgrimage today is a special subject of research in various scientific fields, it is also discussed in the context of tourism as one of its directions. One of the main questions concerns the place, status and significance of pilgrimage in modern society.
SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF THE STRATEGY OF EDUCATION INTERNATIONALIZATION AT THE UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Armavir state pedagogical university, Aldakimova Olga V.
Published: January 2021

Dynamic changes in the international and national contexts of university development in modern conditions actualize a deep scientific understanding of the higher education internationalization as a multidimensional scientific and practical phenomenon. The author proves the necessity of taking into account global, national, regional and institutional context of higher education internationalization, that allows us to move from scattered activities to systemic development and implementation of the university integrated strategy of education internationalization as part of general development strategy leadership of the competitive advantages of the university. The purpose of the research, the results of which are presented in this article, is to identify the structure of scientific and methodological support of the strategy of education internationalization at the university. To achieve this purpose, the following tasks were solved: the analysis of domestic and foreign theories of education internationalization was carried out; the features of external and internal internationalization were considered; the structural components of scientific and methodological support for the strategy of education internationalization at the university were identified. The article presents the characteristics of scientific and methodological support for the strategy of education internationalization at the university as a set of conceptual and methodological, value-oriented, organizational and managerial, and program and methodological blocks. The author concludes that the interaction and interrelation of the identified blocks ensures the integrity, consistency and predictability of the strategy of education internationalization in higher education as a factor of its integration into the international educational space. Scientific and methodological support of the strategy of education internationalization at the university is considered in the article as a complex resource of the university's system orientation to the intensification of international scientific and educational cooperation and the development of academic excellence in the global educational space. The novelty and theoretical significance of the results obtained is to identify and characterize the structure of scientific and methodological support for the strategy of education internationalization at the university. The results obtained can be used in educational practice when analyzing the experience of higher education internationalization accumulated in higher education institutions, its scientific understanding and justified modeling
ON THE TRAINING METHODOLOGY FOR COMPILING SOME TYPE OF ARITHMETIC PROBLEMS
Authors:   Russian state pedagogical university named after A. I. Herzen, Khamov Gennady G. , Timofeeva Larisa N. ,   Military space academy named after A. F. Mozhaisky
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to a current topic related to the development of methods for composing problems in teaching students of pedagogical universities of mathematical faculties. This problem becomes especially important in the context of the need to involve students in independent creative activities to acquire and apply knowledge. The material is presented in relation to the section of the discipline «Algebra and number theory», dedicated to solving Diophantine equations, the main objectives of which are not only mastering the theory and algorithms for solving basic problems, but also obtaining the necessary knowledge and skills for further professional activity. Solving a problem, the student must not only solve it correctly and quickly enough, but also show the creative component of the activity, using it as much as possible for their mathematical development. In this regard, the process of composing problems by students is undoubtedly useful, which reflects the systematic application of the material and elements of mathematical actions based on the laws and methods of mathematics. In addition, the ability to compose problems will be required in future activities related to teaching mathematics. The processes of solving and composing tasks are interconnected and this allows you to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of composing and solving tasks. Therefore, the teacher can give a task to the student with the requirement to compose (fully or partially) and solve the problem. In this paper, examples of tasks for the compilation of indefinite equations solvable in integers are considered, for the solution of which the methods of number theory are used: the study of possible residuals from dividing an algebraic integer expression by a specific integer; finding integer solutions to a linear equation with two variables. The stages of composing Diophantine equations are described in detail, the ways of obtaining equations solvable on a given set of integers or natural numbers are analyzed, and the application of various theoretical propositions used for their solution is shown.