bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing an In Vivo Preclinical Research Study
Authors: Ramirez Angel Moctezuma , Dworaczyk David , Whitehorn Julia , Li Ke , Cardoso Cristiano de Oliveira , Elgalad Abdelmotagaly
Published: August 2023

During the preclinical research process, multiple factors can be difficult to implement without the careful consideration and planning of each step. As research has become more advanced with the use of increasingly complex technology, animal models have also become essential for understanding the potential impact of devices, drug therapies, and surgical techniques on humans before clinical trials are conducted. The use of an in vivo animal model is a key and necessary step in the progression of preclinical research studies that will lead to future medical inventions and innovation. Here, we describe the three phases of effectively designing a preclinical research protocol: the research, preprocedural planning, and experimental phases. Furthermore, we provide researchers with guidance through these phases and discuss important considerations.
Molecular Resonance Imaging of the CAIX expression in Mouse Mammary Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Quattrociocchi Claudia , Mangia Alberto , Aime Silvio , Menchise Valeria , Delli Castelli Daniela
Published: August 2023

The Carbonic Anidrase isoform IX (hCA IX) is one of the main player in extracellular tumor pH regulation and it is known to be overexpressed in breast cancer as well as in many common tu-mors. hCA IX has shown to contribute to the growth and survival of tumor cells and its expres-sion is correlated to metastasis and resistance to therapies making it an interesting biomarker for diagnosis and potential image-guided therapy. The aim of this work is the development of an MRI Imaging probe able to target the extracellular non catalytic PG domain of CAIX. A new specific nano probe has been designed by conjugating a peptidic interactor of PG domain on the surface of a liposome loaded with Gd-based contrast agents. Mouse Mammary Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (TS/A ) has been chosen as in vitro breast cancer model to test the efficacy of the de-veloped probe. MRI results display a high selectivity towards hCA IX marker and a good sensi-tivity of the Imaging probe. These findings make this approach promising for future develop-ment of in vivo diagnostic protocols aimed at visualizing this enzyme expression.
Attention and Self-Control Dimensions of Impulsivity Predict the Quality of Life among Male Patients Seeking Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder: The Mediating Role of Anxiety and Severity of Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Dayal Prabhoo , Kaloiya Gauri S. , Verma Rohit , Kumar Nand
Published: August 2023

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic and relapsing biopsychosocial condition that leads to a wide range of medical, psychological, social, economic, and personal issues. The study investigated the predictors of quality of life (QoL) among male patients seeking treatment for AUD based on attention, cognitive instability, motor impulsiveness, perseverance, and self-control dimensions of trait impulsivity. The study also investigated the potential mediating effect of anxiety and alcohol use severity in this relationship. After an initial assessment, participants underwent comprehensive evaluations, including sociodemographic data, clinical history, and QoL domains. Evaluations also covered AUD severity, impulsivity dimensions, cognitive functions, craving intensity, depression, anxiety and self-efficacy. Multiple linear regressions were employed to identify associations between independent variables and QoL. Attention dimension of impulsivity and anxiety symptoms significantly predicted physical health QoL. Self-control dimension and severity of alcohol use disorder predicted psychological QoL. Indirect effect of attention dimension on physical health was significant [effect =-1.082,95% CI (-2.008, -0.3598)].The significance of impulsivity in influencing QoL for individuals with AUD has profound clinical implications. These findings underscore the importance of addressing anxiety and impulsivity in managing AUD, given their considerable impact, particularly on QoL, ultimately shaping treatment outcomes.
The Climate Change Vulnerability in Mountain Areas: Perceptions and Resilience Actions in Alto Molise (Italy)
Authors: Scotti Ivano , Ievoli Corrado , Bindi Letizia , Bispini Sara , Belliggiano Angelo
Published: August 2023

Mountains can be described as socio-ecological systems (SESs), a complex set of relations that involve natural aspects and human communities. Mountains provide indispensable ecosystem services, but they are affected by climate change. For this, stakeholders’ initiatives to face global warming, particularly farmers, are essential and participatory strategy are largely considered as a best solution to involve them in adopting resilience actions. Despite that, farmers are considered passive actors and their epistemology weak. Investigating mountain actors' vulnerability to climate change in the North of Molise (an Italian region), called «Alto Molise», we suggest considering farmers agency as a result of interconnections among heterogeneous elements present in the SES and their “lay” knowledge and epistemology equally relevant that experts one. Farmers’ perception of climate change impact is appropriate, although they lack a clear understanding of it. Their resilience actions or suggestions are coherent with their resources endowment (financial and knowledge) and their position in the economic system but not necessarily effective. The work contributes to the debate on climate resilience in mountain areas stressing the significance of local actors' agency, the presence of different epistemologies (lay and expert one) and the need to actively involve them in designed effective and suitable initiatives to face climate change.
Enhancing Comprehensive Sexuality Education for Students with Disabilities: Insights from Ontario's Educational Framework
Authors: Davies Adam , Brass Justin , Martins Mendonca Victoria , O'Leary Samantha , Bryan Malissa , Neustifter Ruth
Published: August 2023

Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is an important framework utilized worldwide to provide students and young people with accurate, affirming, and socially conscious sexuality education. However, there is still a lack of CSE curricula in school contexts that is relevant for students with various disabilities. This article takes the Ontario, Canada context as an example of where and how CSE can improve to be more inclusive for students with disabilities. This article reviews the current context of CSE in Ontario, Canada, including its controversies while providing recommendations for meeting the needs of students with various disabilities, including psychological, intellectual, and physical disabilities. This article aims to provide recommendations that are relevant for scholars, researchers, and policymakers in various international contexts for improving CSE for students with disabilities in schooling.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Willingness to Vaccinate for Mpox among Healthcare Workers in Kurdistan Region of Iraq: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ahmed Sirwan , Abdulqadir Salar , Hussein Safin , Qurbani Karzan , Omar Rukhsar , Mohamed Mona , Blbas Hazhar
Published: August 2023

Background and objective: Educating healthcare workers (HCWs) to take action against monkeypox (mpox) is an important part of public health prevention efforts. The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to vaccinate against mpox among HCWs in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.Methods: This study utilized an online cross-sectional survey that was disseminated via Google Forms between November, 1, 2022 and January, 15, 2023, employing a convenience sampling method. The researchers utilized logistic regression to ascertain the factors associated with knowledge, attitude and willingness to vaccinate.Results: A total of 637 HCWs were included in the analysis (ages ranged between 21 and 51 years old). The mean overall score and standard deviation of the knowledge, attitude, and willingness assessment on mpox were 8.18±3.37 out of (0–16), 3.40±1.37 out of (0–5), 2.41±1.25 out of (0–5), respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HCWs who heard about mpox before 2022 had a higher level of knowledge (AOR: 4.85; 95% CI: 2.81-8.36; p < 0.001). In addition, those who had less than 1 year of practice had a positive attitude about mpox (AOR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.20-0.59; p < 0.01). Finally, none of the variable groups had the capacity to predict willingness to be vaccinated against mpox.Conclusion: The research revealed that HCWs exhibit a relatively low level of knowledge and attitude towards mpox, as well as a low level of willingness to receive mpox vaccinations. Further, there is an urgent need to increase their knowledge and attitude, as the success of efforts to control the global epidemic depends on them.
Jeffreys Divergence and Generalized Fisher Information Measures on Fokker-Planck Space-Time Random Field
Authors: Zhang Jiaxing
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we derive Jeffreys divergence, generalized Fisher divergence and corresponding De Bruijn identities on space-time random field. First, we determine the relation between Fisher information on the space-time random field in one of the space-time points and the ratio of Jeffreys divergence on a space-time random field at distinct space-time positions to the square of coordinate difference. In addition, we also find identities between the partial derivative of the Jeffreys divergence and the generalized Fisher divergence with respect to space-time variables, i.e. the De Bruijn identities, between two space-time random fields obtained by different parameters under the same Fokker-Planck equations. At the end of this paper, we present three examples of the Fokker-Planck equations on space-time random fields, identify their density functions, and derive the Jeffreys divergence, generalized Fisher information, generalized Fisher divergence, and accompanying De Bruijn identities.
Adverse Drug Events after Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Rostaing Lionel , Jouve Thomas , Terrec Florian , Malvezzi Paolo , Noble Johan
Published: August 2023

Area covered: These drugs, particularly calcineurin inhibitors, have very narrow therapeutic windows, i.e., they have numerous drug-related side effects. Herein, we focus on the most frequent immunosuppressive drug-related side effects that we encounter in kidney-transplant recipients: namely nephrotoxicity, post-transplant diabetes mellitus, leukopenia, anemia, dyslipidemia, mouth ulcers, hypertension, and viral reactivations (cytomegalovirus and BK virus). However, other therapies that are used after kidney transplantation, e.g., valcancyclovir, may also contribute to adverse events such as leukopenia. For each side-effect, we suggest how it can be prevented and how to treat it when present.
A Thermostable Micellar Formulation of Rapalogs for Intracerebroventricular Delivery and the Therapy of Neurological Disorders
Authors: Gianessi Laura , Magini Alessandro , Dominici Roberto , Giovagnoli Stefano , Dolcetta Diego
Published: August 2023

A large body of evidence, replicated in many mouse models of Alzheimer Disease (AD), demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of oral rapamycin. Administration of m-TOR inhibitors (mTOR-Is), early after the clinical onset, greatly diminished cognitive impairment, amyloid angiopathy, intracellular beta Amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles load. The daily intake of rapamycin has always been 2.24g/Kg/24h. In humans the maximal tolerated oral dose is a few milligrams/day, and at this dosage patients are severely immunosuppressed. Thanks to rapalogs’ scarce CNS-related side effects, we administered intracerebroventricularly (ICV) high doses of the mTOR-I everolimus in a mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD) without significant systemic effects. The instability of the liquid formulation at body temperature (BT) made the treatment very short. Nevertheless, the efficacy of the treatment was high and much longer lasting than expected. In order to set up a thermostable, translational liquid formulation of mTOR-Is, we loaded everolimus in distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine-polyethylene glycol 2000 (DSPE-PEG2000) micelles by the thin layer method. The formulation we obtained maintained over 95% of activity after 14 days at BT. We can envision short, potentially periodic ICV treatments in AD patients which replicate results obtained on animal models. The treatment could benefit also Tuberous Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis patients.
Risk and Prognostic Factors for Glaucoma Associated with Peters Anomaly
Authors: Yokota Chika , Hirooka Kazuyuki , Okada Naoki , Kiuchi Yoshiaki
Published: August 2023

Glaucoma secondary to Peters' anomaly (PA) is an important factor affecting visual prognosis, but there are few reports on it. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of glaucoma asso-ciated with PA and glaucoma surgery outcomes. This retrospective study included 31 eyes of 20 patients with PA. PA was classified into three stages: Stage 1, with a posterior corneal defect only; Stage 2, a corneal defect with iridocorneal adhesion; and Stage 3, a corneal defect with lens ab-normalities. The associations between glaucoma and anterior segment dysgenesis severity, visual prognosis, and glaucoma surgery outcomes were analyzed. Sixteen eyes of 10 patients developed glaucoma. Stage 1 PA had no glaucoma, 52% of Stage 2 had glaucoma, and 75% of Stage 3 had glaucoma. Of the 16 eyes with glaucoma, 11 underwent surgery. Eight of these 11 eyes achieved intraocular pressure (IOP) control. Five of the nine eyes that underwent trabeculotomy (TLO) succeeded, and none had corneal staphyloma. Three of the four eyes for which TLO was ineffective had corneal staphyloma (P=0.0331). Patients with PA are more likely to develop glaucoma as anterior segment dysgenesis progresses, and the effect of TLO is limited if corneal staphyloma is present.
Decision-Making Algorithm with Geographic Mobility for Cognitive Radios
Authors: Cervantes-Junco Gabriel Brayan , Rodriguez-Colina Enrique , Palacios-Luengas Leonardo , Pascoe-Chalke Michael , Lara-Velazquez Pedro , Marcelín-Jiménez Ricardo
Published: August 2023

According to the cognitive radio (CR) paradigm, the efficient use of the radio spectrum is achieved by performing four main functions: spectral perception, spectral mobility, decision-making, and cooperation. In this work, a multivariable algorithm that considers geographic mobility (GM) is presented. The decision-making process includes a feedback mechanism for the dynamic selection of reservation channels in a wireless network with cognitive capabilities. Geographic mobility plays a crucial role in how radio takes advantage of its environment; however, it has been scarcely explored in the literature.
In the present work, geographic mobility tests were carried out involving the interaction of CR and primary users (PU), where a measurement of the latency time of the proposed algorithm called: Algorithm for Decision-Making with Geographic Mobility (ATDeMoGeo) was evaluated and compared with other algorithms such as: Dijkstra's Algorithm, Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP), Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchical Process (FAHP) and Decision-Making Algorithm with Modified Dijkstra (ATDDiM).
It was found that the proposed algorithm is robust and that it considerably reduces the latency time to accurately determine the best communication channels, thanks to the decision-making function implemented to establish which channels the CRs can occupy. For the selection of the best reserve channels, a series of criteria were considered, such as: signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR), bandwidth (BW), probability of channel availability (AP), estimated channel time of availability (ETA) using the random waypoint mobility model (RWPM). These criteria are evaluated for two types of service, i.e., real time (RT) and best effort (BE). For the evaluation and validation of the ATDeMoGeo algorithm, a network with cognitive characteristics in NS-3 was simulated. The simulation scenarios consisted of a base station (BS) with mobile CRs and PUs. Based on the previous criteria, i.e., BW, SINR, AP and ETA, the BS assesses the spectrum occupancy information obtained by the CRs. The results show that the proposed algorithm can be used without problem for the proposed scenarios with higher speed and accuracy for the selection of better communication channels.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING PADA SISWA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Rahayu Bekti , Fitriyani
Published: August 2023

Penerapan model pembelajaran discovery learning untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar pada materi ketampakan alam wilayah daratan dan perairan di kelas V Sekolah Dasar di Kota Bogor. Tujuan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial materi ketampakan alam wilayah daratan dan perairan pada siswa kelas V melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif discovery learning. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dengan menggunakan PTK dari C.Kemmis & Mc Taggart dengan menggunakan 2 siklus terdiri dari 3 tahap yakni, 1) perencanaan tindakan 2) pelaksanaan tindakan dan observasi 3) refleksi. Subjek peneliti ini adalah Peserta didik kelas VC di SDN Sindangsari Kota Bogor, Tahun Ajaran 2020 / 2021 dengan jumlah 35 peserta didik yang terdiri dari 15 Peserta didik laki-laki dan 20 peserta didik perempuan   Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai rata-rata hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial pada Peningkatan kualitas pelaksanaan pembelajaran pada siklus I memperoleh nilai sebesar 70,85, dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 81,30 termasuk dalam kategori A dengan interpretasi sangat berkualitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif discovery learning  dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas V di Sekolah Dasar Negeri di Bogor Barat Kota Bogor. Selain itu model pembelajaran kooperatif discovery learning dapat meningkatkan tanggung jawab, kerjasama, dan rasa ingin tahu dalam proses pembelajaran.
PENERAPAN TEKNIK ECOPRINTING DALAM GERAKAN SEKOLAH BERSIH MENYENANGKAN UNTUK MENGUATKAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Andayani  , Monika Handayani  , Ade Mardiana  , Purwanti Pahrurodji
Published: August 2023

This service is motivated by the existence of the Fun Clean School Movement (GSBM) which is integrated to shape the character of children to become religious, independent, and intelligent individuals like the motto of the City of South Tangerang. Meaningful education does not only think about scientific thinking, but needs to be integrated with characters that include various aspects of supporting the skills of elementary school-aged children. This service aims to provide an understanding of the concept of learning arts, culture and crafts in elementary schools whose development target is elementary school age. Combining the theory of development of elementary school-aged children, it was found that the learning content in the subjects of arts, culture and crafts can develop character in children through the scope of ecoprinting material. The stages of implementing this community service activity include: 1) Planning, 2) Implementation (training, mentoring and practice), 3) Evaluation. This service resulted in learning designs for Cultural Arts and Crafts, especially ecoprinting techniques in various media to support the Fun Clean School Movement (GSBM)  program in strengthening KDP and the effectiveness of integrating arts and crafts learning in various media in supporting the Fun Clean School Movement (GSBM) as one of the ways to support character education.
Habilidade Política e Reputação para o Desempenho de Agentes Privados na interação com Agências Reguladoras
Authors: Pires Vieira Daniel , Reyes Júnior Edgar , De Oliveira Guilherme César
Published: August 2023

Objetivo da Pesquisa: analisar a relação entre habilidade política, reputação individual e desempenho de agentes privados em suas interações com órgãos reguladores.

Enquadramento Teórico: a presente pesquisa parte dos construtos Habilidade Política e Reputação individual para analisar o desempenho de agentes privados na interação com órgãos reguladores.

Metodologia: trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, com análise de dados primários coletados de funcionários de agências reguladoras federais brasileiras que lidam diretamente com representantes de empresas reguladas. Os questionários foram aplicados de forma presencial e avaliaram a percepção do respondente sobre um representante da iniciativa privada com quem se relacionasse diretamente em suas atividades. As escalas foram adaptadas dos trabalhos de Ferris et al. (2005), para Habilidade Política, de Zinko, Gentry e Laird (2016), para Reputação Pessoal, e de Borman e Motowidlo (1993) para avaliação do desempenho. Para análises foram empregadas as técnicas de análise fatorial e regressão linear múltipla.

Resultados: os resultados evidenciaram que nem todas as dimensões da habilidade política e da reputação individual se associaram de forma significativa ao desempenho no ambiente de trabalho analisado, corroborando a necessidade do estudo dos construtos sob uma perspectiva multidimensional. Verificou-se que a reputação individual exerce uma função mediadora da relação entre habilidade política e desempenho, sugerindo que a habilidade política do indivíduo pode não ser condição suficiente para manutenção do desempenho no ambiente analisado.

Originalidade: o trabalho aborda o contexto de interação entre agências reguladoras e representantes privados, explorando características do agente privado que orientarão o desempenho na defesa de interesses frente às organizações públicas.

Contribuições: os resultados encontrados reforçam as características multidimensionais da Habilidade Política e da Reputação, além de identificarem que as dimensões da Reputação possuem um efeito mediador sobre a relação entre Habilidade Política e Desempenho.
Urgensi Majelis Ulama Indonesia Membersamai Pemerintah dalam Hukum Internasional
Authors: Muhammadin Fajri Matahati
Published: August 2023

International law is perhaps a field with the least attention from the ‘ulama, despite its major influence in shaping the world order, national laws, and society. An “international identity” heavily affects the mindset and daily lives of humanity including in Indonesia. There are numerous incompatibilities between international law and the Islamic Shari‘ah that may either bring detriments to the society, or potentially serve as a field of da‘wah bi al-‘ilm from which to disseminate Islamic solution towards world problems and benefit the society with it. Applying Al-Attas’s Islamic Worldview and theoretical usul al-fiqh analysis on international law and siyar, this paper emphasizes the necessity of Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) taking an active role in advising the Indonesian government’s participation in international law, especially in treaty-making. I advise a few alternatives for MUI to maximize its role in advising the Indonesian government.Hukum internasional adalah salah satu ranah hukum yang paling sedikit mendapatkan perhatian oleh para ‘alim ‘ulama. Padahal, hukum internasional sangat berpengaruh dalam membentuk tatanan dunia, lalu berdampak pada hukum nasional, kemudian juga membentuk masyarakat. Pasalnya, ‘identitas internasional’ sangat berpengaruh dalam membentuk pola pikir dan kehidupan masyarakat termasuk di Indonesia. Banyak potensi gesekan antara hukum internasional dan Syariat Islam yang berpotensi membentuk masyarakat yang buruk, tapi juga banyak potensi dakwah bi al-‘ilm dengan menyuarakan solusi-solusi dari Syariat Islam untuk masalah-masalah dunia dan berpotensi membentuk masyarakat yang baik. Makalah ini menekankan urgensi MUI untuk pro-aktif dalam menasehati pemerintah terkait partisipasi dalam hukum internasional, khususnya perjanjian internasional.
Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation, associated with manual vagus nerve therapy, on pain in women with fibromyalgia: Study protocol for a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial.
Authors: Torres Aebe Alves , Cordeiro Bárbara Naeme Lima , Myiamoto Samira Tatyiama , Gava Pablo Lucio , Pestana Andressa Braz Carlini , Valim Valéria , Gomes Gustavo Pinto de Oliveira , Vidal Pamela Reis , Kuster Elizangela , Arêas Fernando Zanela da Silva
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a condition of generalized musculoskeletal pain, associated with fatigue, autonomic dysfunction and sleep disorders.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, tested in several diseases, including FM and depending on the parameters used, tDCS can reach several brain neural networks, including the central processing network of the pain. Another therapy that promotes analgesia is manual therapy (MT) which is defined as a set of techniques that uses the hands as the main therapeutic agents. Evidence indicates that MT, applied at points along the vagus nerve (VN), may improve pain in patients with chronic pain. This study will examine the immediate and late effects of tDCS associated with MT on the VN pathway in pain in women with FM.
Methods: This is a controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trial with intention-to-treat analysis that will follow the guidelines of CONSORT (Consolidated Reporting Standards). The study will consist of thirty women diagnosed with FM who will be randomly allocated to the experimental group (tDCS 2 mA active for 20 minutes associated with MT) or to the control group (tDCS for 20 minutes associated with MT sham) and will receive daily sessions of treatment for five days. Outcome measures will occur at the beginning of the study, after the first visit, at the end of treatment and thirty days after the end of treatment.
Discussion: The search for therapies to improve pain in FM is quite challenging, mainly due to the lack of knowledge about its etiopathogenesis and the complexity of symptoms that are associated with it. Thus, the results of this clinical trial may result in an important advance for the rehabilitation of FM patients.
Clinical trial registration: U1111-1264-9863
A Network Intrusion Detection Framework on Sparse Deep Denoising Autoencoder for Dimensionality Reduction
Authors: A Manjunatha B , K Aditya Shastry , E Naresh , Pareek Piyush Kumar , Reddy Kadiri Thirupal
Published: August 2023

"Network security" is currently among the crucial areas of computer science. Due to the proliferation of IoT tools and "peer-to-peer" systems, the necessity to mitigate safety concerns is prominent. Intrusion detection in network systems is employed to analyse network packets for malicious activity. Different kinds of attacks, such as "Denial of Service", "Probe", "Remote-to-Local", and "User-to-Root" are instances of unexpected behaviour. Once attacks are spotted, customized alerts can be sent to the personnel responsible. In numerous application fields of information security, intrusion detection is a necessity in the modern era. In this study, we examined the usefulness of several autoencoder types in identifying network intrusions. In this research, a system for network intrusion detection based on Sparse Deep Denoising Autoencoder for dimension reduction was established. If the autoencoder is trained on regular network information, reconstruction error (the dissimilarity between the original and recreated data) is used to identify anomalies. Intrusion Detection System Development utilized standard datasets such as KDDCup99, NSL-KDD, UNSW-NB15, and NMITIDS. The effectiveness of four distinct autoencoders was analysed to identify network attacks. We were able to achieve over 96% accuracy with only reconstruction error by using a sparse deep denoising autoencoder. The primary research aim was to enhance the performance of the network by achieving high intrusion detection precision.
15th century Florentine mural investigated in situ with VNIR Hyperspectral Imaging and NIR Photography supports interpretation as a bloodletting scene
Authors: Cucci Costanza , Donell Simon , Zucchini Elisa , Picollo Marcello , Stefani Lorenzo , Lippi Donatella
Published: August 2023

This study provides new data which suggests a novel interpretative hypothesis not only on the specific painting, but on the use of bloodletting as medical practice in the Florentine Quattrocento. In addition, the technical solutions adopted to implement the measurements campaign are illustrated as an experimental model for remote sensing investigations of paintings studied in situ. The position of the painting high up on a wall of an historical venue led to opting for standalone optical imaging techniques which could operate in remote sensing mode. By combining the use of portable Hyperspectral Imaging with Near Infrared photography a set of detailed images could be obtained that highlighted details not otherwise detectable. Focused on the objects held by the persons present, the analysis of the mural of Visit of the Buonomini in her Lying in Bed, the gift of swaddling cloth could be a tourniquet, shadows of folds of a blanket a thumb lancet, and an object held a blood collection bowl, supported the hypothesis that it could be a medieval bloodletting scene.
Altered neck muscles function during cervical rotation in chronic whiplash-associated disorders improved after neck-specific exercises: a real-time ultrasound case-control study
Authors: Peterson Gunnel , Nilsson David , Jönsson Margaretha , Bennett Kate , Peolsson Anneli
Published: August 2023

The deep cervical muscles are very important for stability and initiation of movement of the cervical spine. A whiplash injury can alter neck muscle function, which remains years after the injury and may explain why symptoms such as persistent pain and disability occur. There is currently limited knowledge of dynamic neck muscle function in chronic whiplash-associated disorders (WAD), and to what extent altered muscle function can improve after rehabilitation. Therefore, we used ultrasound to measure deformation and deformation rate in five dorsal neck muscles in participants with chronic WAD versus matched controls in neck rotation. We accomplished real-time, non-invasive ultrasound measurements with speckle tracking, multivariate and mixed design ANOVA analyses. The results showed altered deformation in the three deepest neck muscle layers, with less deformation area in the WAD group compared to controls in rotation to the most painful side at baseline. Participants in the WAD group performed three months of neck-specific exercises, resulting in improved deformation in the deep neck muscles in WAD and to a similar deformation pattern as controls, and the significant group differences ceased. We reveal new and important insight into the capability of ultrasound to diagnose altered neck muscle function and evaluate an exercise intervention.
Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Typhoid Vaccination in Lao PDR
Authors: Soukavong Mick , Luangasanatip Nantasit , Chanthavilay Phetsavanh , Teerawattananon Yot , Dabak Saudamini Vishwanath , Pan-ngum Wirichada , Roberts Tamalee , Ashley Elizabeth A , Mayxay Mayfong
Published: August 2023

Background
Typhoid vaccination has been shown to be an effective intervention to prevent enteric fever and is under consideration for inclusion in the national immunization program in Lao PDR.
Methods
A cost-utility analysis was performed using an age-structured static decision tree model to estimate the costs and health outcomes of introducing TCV. Vaccination strategies combined with five delivery approaches in different age groups compared to no vaccination were considered from the societal perspective. The vaccination program was considered to be cost-effective if the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was less than a threshold of 1 GDP per capita for Lao PDR, equivalent to USD 2,535 in 2020.
Results
In the model, we estimated 172.2 cases of enteric fever, with 1.3 deaths and a total treatment cost of USD 7,244, based on a birth cohort of 164,662 births without TCV vaccination that was followed over their life time. To implement a TCV vaccination program over the lifetime horizon, the estimated cost of the vaccine and administration costs would be between USD 3,081,705 and USD 5,573,490. Implementation of the TCV vaccination program would prevent between 14 to 106 cases and 0.1 to 0.9 deaths. None of the vaccination programs appeared to be cost-effective.
Conclusions
Inclusion of TCV in the national vaccination program in Lao PDR would only be cost-effective if the true typhoid incidence is 150 times higher than our current estimate or if the Gavi vaccine price was used in conjunction with at least a 25-times increase in incidence of typhoid.
Association between low eosinophil count and acute bacterial infection, a prospective study in hospitalized older adults
Authors: Mésinèle Léa , Pujol Tom , Brunetti Nicoletta , Neiss Marie , Trivalle Christophe , Souques Cecile , Houenou-Quenum Nadège , Verdier Sébastien , Simon Pauline , Vetillard Anne-Laure , Houdre Julie , Collarino Rocco , Mary Morgane , Vidal Jean-Sébastien , Kahn Jean-Emmanuel , Guichardon Magali , Duron Emmanuelle , Baudouin Edouard
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:
The incidence of severe sepsis increases significantly with age: less than 5/1000 when aged from 50 to 54 years old (y/o) vs more than 25/1000 when aged 85 y/o and older. Eosinopenia and the CIBLE score have been proposed in critically ill adults and in internal medicine wards. This study aimed to assess whether a low eosinophil count is associated with acute bacterial infection among a hospitalized older adults population, and to find the most efficient eosinophil count cut-off to differentiate acute bacterial infection from other inflammatory states.
METHODS:
This is a prospective study from July 2020 to July 2022 in geriatric wards of the University Paul Brousse Hospital (Villejuif, France) including patients aged ≥ 75 y/o suffering from fever or biological inflammation. Acute bacterial infection was assessed using the French Society of Infectious Diseases guidelines.
RESULTS:
A total of 156 patients were included. Eighty-two (53%) patients suffered from acute bacterial infection (mean age (SD) 88.7 (5.9)). Low eosinophil count was independently associated with acute bacterial infection: OR [CI95%] 3.03 [1.04 – 9.37] and 6.08 [2.42 – 16.5] for eosinophil count 0 – 0.07 G/L and 0.07 – 0.172 G/L respectively (vs eosinophil count > 0.172 G/L). Specificity and sensitivity for eosinophil count < 0.01 G/L and CIBLE score were 84%-49% and 72%-62%, respectively with equivalent AUCs (0.66 and 0.67).
CONCLUSION:
Eosinophil count < 0.01 G/L is a simple, routinely used and inexpensive tool which can easily participate in antibiotic decisions for older adults. Further studies are needed to assess clinical benefits.
Trial registration: The study was registered at Clinical trial.gov (NCT04363138 - 23/04/2020)
Should dolutegravir always be withheld in people with HIV on dolutegravir with incident diabetes mellitus? A case report
Authors: Mulindwa Frank , Castelnuovo Barbara , Brusselaers Nele , Bollinger Robert , Yendewa George , Amutuhaire Willington , Mukashaka Claudine , Schwarz Jean-Marc
Published: August 2023

Dolutegravir (DTG), an integrase strand transfer inhibitor is currently the recommended first and second line anti-retroviral therapy (ART) anchor agent by the World Health Organization. This followed widespread reports of primary resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Despite its very good side effect profile, there have been multiple case reports of ART experienced patients developing hyperglycemia within weeks to a few months after switching to DTG preceded by weight loss. At population level, however, dolutegravir as well as other integrase inhibitors have been demonstrated to have a reduced risk of incident diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared to other HIV drug classes. Following multiple similar reports of accelerated hyperglycemia in Uganda during the first pilot year of DTG use, the Uganda Ministry of Health recommended withholding dolutegravir in all patients who develop diabetes. Whether this recommendation should be applied to all patients with incident T2DM remains to be demonstrated. We present a clinical case of an HIV positive ART naïve man who was diagnosed with T2DM after 36 weeks on dolutegravir. We describe changes in blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell function before and after withholding DTG. We demonstrated that he was phenotypically different from the reported cases of accelerated hyperglycemia and he continued to have worsening insulin resistance despite withholding DTG. His blood glucose improved with dietary T2DM management. It is possible he had an inherent risk of developing T2DM independent of his exposure to DTG. This put in question whether DTG should universally be withheld in PLHIV with incident T2DM in Uganda.
Research on the Integral Forming Process of Thin walled and Thick Mouth Seamless Gas Cylinders
Authors: Wang Chen , Yu Haofei , Tian Wang , Zhao Chunjiang , Jiang Lianyun , Bai Qiaofeng
Published: August 2023

There is a considerable difference in wall thickness between the mouth and the cavity of thin-walled and thick-mouthed seamless gas cylinders, and the existing manufacturing processes are unable to effectively meet product requirements. To overcome such issue, a step-by-step boring-necking-spinning solution for gas cylinders was proposed, in which sufficient wall thickness is reserved for the mouth area of the cylinder blank, followed by necking-spinning to realize the overall forming of thin-walled, thick-mouthed seamless gas cylinders. The stress-strain distribution and geometric dimensional changes of gas cylinders during the spinning process were investigated by means of finite element simulation, and the effects of different process parameters on the stress and wall thickness of the bottle mouth were analyzed. Further, multi-objective optimization of the response surface model was performed using the NSGA-II algorithm to derive a set of optimal process parameters. Finally, the correctness of the simulation and optimization results was verified experimentally, and the expected geometry and optimal strain state of the gas cylinder were obtained. The newly developed processing solution represents a groundbreaking advancement in the manufacturing of thin-walled and thick-mouthed gas cylinders.
Plasma water T2 detects age-stratified differences in cardiometabolic health among familial CCM patients with Hispanic CCM1 mutation
Authors: Croft Jacob , Sandoval Diana F. , Cistola David , Zhang Jun
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are abnormal clusters of capillaries in the nervous system. This pilot study analyzed the cardiometabolic health status of individuals with familial CCMs caused by a rare mutation in the CCM1 gene (fCCM1). The aim was to compare plasma water T2 values from individuals with fCCM1 with values from metabolically unhealthy and healthy individuals with no known CCM mutations.
Design. This observational, cross-sectional study included 75 participants: 11 fCCM1 patients, 24 metabolically unhealthy and 40 metabolically healthy individuals. Plasma water T2, an early, global and practical marker of cardiometabolic health, was measured in the time domain using benchtop magnetic resonance relaxometry. The results were stratified by age (equal to or less than 45 vs. older than 45 years). Group means were compared using Welch’s one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey-Kramer tests. Multivariable linear regression, with T2 as the outcome variable, was used to explore associations with age, gender, Hispanic ethnicity and fCCM1 status.
Results. In the younger age stratum, the fCCM1 group had a mean plasma water T2 value comparable to the metabolically healthy group (p=0.6388), but higher than the unhealthy group (p<0.0001). By contrast, in the older stratum, the mean plasma water T2 value for the fCCM1 group was comparable to the metabolically unhealthy group (p=0.7819) and lower than the healthy group (p=0.0005). Multivariable linear regression revealed that age and the interaction between age and fCCM1 status were significant predictors of T2, even after adjusting for gender and Hispanic ethnicity.
Conclusion. Plasma water T2 shows potential as a biomarker for assessing the health status of individuals with fCCM1. Further research is needed to validate these preliminary observations and elucidate the association between CCMs and cardiometabolic health.
On string algebras and the Cohen-Macaulay Auslander algebras
Authors: Zhang Chao , Liu Yu-Zhe
Published: August 2023

The Cohen-Macaulay Auslander algebra of an algebra $A$ is defined as the endomorphism algebra of the direct sum of all indecomposable Gorenstein projective $A$-modules. The Cohen-Macaulay Auslander algebra of any string algebra is explicitly constructed in this paper.% and describe some properties of a class of special string algebras by their Cohen-Macaulay Auslander algebras. Moreover, it is shown that a class of special string algebras, which are called to be string algebras with {\it G-condition}, are representation-finite if and only if their Cohen-Macaulay Auslander algebras are representation-finite. As applications, the derived discreteness and some homological dimension of gentle algebras are described in terms of their Cohen-Macaulay Auslander algebras.
MSC2020: 16G10, 16G70, 16P10.
Sustainable Sythesis of Eco-friendly Yogurt From Fruit Waste
Authors: Majeed Hammad , Iftikhar Tehreema , Javaid Aqsa
Published: August 2023

Agricultural waste is not only contributing to landfills but also generating significant amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs), thereby increasing carbon footprints. The key solution to address climate change lies in adopting sustainable practices across all research fields. Our current study is innovative, as it involves utilizing fruit waste for green synthesis to produce zinc nanoparticles and formulate a fortified yogurt, aiming to combat zinc deficiency, especially prevalent in developing countries.
The synthesis of zinc nanoparticles with an average diameter of 71nm was achieved using Citrus sinensis peel extract, which effectively reduced zinc ions. To fortify yogurt, zinc was added to pasteurized milk at 50% of its recommended dietary allowance and incubated at 37°C for 5 hours. Subsequently, we conducted sensory, physical, antibacterial, and rheological analyses to assess the impact of zinc fortification on various yogurt properties. The antibacterial analysis revealed that zinc-fortified yogurt exhibited increased antibacterial activity. The sensory evaluation indicated that the fortified samples received higher scores compared to the control. Fortification did not significantly affect the moisture content, ash content, acidity, pH, and density of yogurt. Over the 14 days storage period, all samples experienced a slight decrease in moisture content, while ash content increased. The pH exhibited an inverse relationship with storage time, whereas titratable acidity displayed the opposite trend. The density of yogurt samples remained unaffected by fortification or storage time. Zinc-fortified yogurt demonstrated reduced syneresis due to the efficient binding of zinc nanoparticles with casein micelles, resulting in stabilized yogurt gel. Rheological analysis showed that the apparent viscosity of all samples increased during the 14-day storage period. However, freshly prepared fortified samples exhibited higher initial viscosity and slower viscosity increases compared to the control.
DNA Bar-coding of Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mammalia: Cetacea: Balaenopteridae) stranded at Mandarmani beach, West Bengal, India
Authors: Balakrishnan S. , Tudu P. C. , Acharya Smrutirekha , Mohapatra Anil , Raghunathan C
Published: August 2023

The present paper reports the molecular analysis (CoI) of a female blue whale Balaenoptera musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) of approximately 40 ft in length, stranded on June 29, 2020 at Mandarmani along the West Bengal coast. This is the second record of stranding of blue whale along the coast after 1934. The strandings provides vital information on species life histories, population health and status of marine ecosystems. Since all cetaceans are important from a conservation perspective; precise documentation of their occurrence would provide valuable information about the distribution and migratory nature of different species in the seas around India. A table of blue whales stranded on Indian coasts between 1874 and 2020 has been provided.
Solid waste management in the fast-food restaurant industry: The antecedent role of institutional isomorphism
Authors: Mukucha Paul , Jaravaza Divaries Cosmas , Tshuma Ethel Mathonsi , Dangaiso Phillip , Jaravaza Nomuhle , Chingwaru Trymore , Risiro Joshua
Published: August 2023

The study conceptually suggested isomorphic pressures as the drivers of sustainable food waste disposal management, and operational performance as an attendant outcome. 400 fast-food restaurant businesses in the metropolitan city of Harare were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire whose items were distilled from the extant literature. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) on an Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS). The results indicated that the three isomorphic pressures (cohesive, mimetic, and normative) have statistically significant influence on the adoption of sustainable food waste disposal management practices and in turn the same practices lead to profitable operations. The study therefore concluded that the three variants of isomorphic pressure and profitability act as the push and pull strategies for the adoption of sustainable food waste disposal management practices respectively. In terms of policy implications, the study recommended the reinvigoration of various isomorphic pressures related to the food waste disposal management.
CircGLIS3 promotes gastric cancer progression by regulating the miR-1343-3p/PGK1 pathway and inhibiting vimentin phosphorylation
Authors: Zhang Yongxin , Wang Xiaofeng , Liu Wenwei , Lei Tianxiang , Tang Qiao , Feng Wei , Song Wu
Published: August 2023

Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been proved to play crucial roles in the development of various cancers. However, the molecular mechanism of circGLIS3 involved in gastric cancer (GC) tumorigenesis has not been elucidated.
Methods
The higher expression level of circGLIS3 was identified in GC through RNA sequencing and subsequent tissue verification using Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). A series of functional experiments in vitro and in vivo were performed to evaluated the effects of circGLIS3 on tumor growth and metastasis in GC. The interaction and regulation of circGLIS3/miR-1343-3p/PGK1 axis was confirmed by RNA pulldown, western blot, and rescue experiments. RIP and western blot were performed to demonstrate the role of circGLIS3 in regulating phosphorylation of VIMENTIN. We then used qRT-PCR and co culture system to trace circGLIS3 transmission via exosomal communication and identify the effect of exosomal circGLIS3 on gastric cancer and macrophages. Finally, RIP experiments were used to determine that EIF4A3 regulates circGLIS3 expression.
Results
CircGLIS3(hsa_circ_0002874) was significantly upregulated in GC tissues and high circGLIS3 expression was associated with advanced TNM stage and lymph node metastasis in GC patients. We discovered that overexpression of circGLIS3 promoted GC cell proliferation, migration, invasion in vitro and in vivo, while suppression of circGLIS3 exhibited the opposite effect. Mechanistically, circGLIS3 could sponge miR-1343-3p and up-regulate the expression of PGK1 to promote GC tumorigenesis. We also found that circGLIS3 reduced the phosphorylation of VIMENTIN at ser 83 site by binding with VIMENTIN. Moreover, it was proven that exosomal circGLIS3 could promote gastric cancer metastasis and the M2 type polarization of macrophages. In the final step, the mechanism of EIF4A3 regulating the generation of circGLIS3 was determined.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate that circGLIS3 promotes GC progression through sponging miR-1343-3p and regulating VIMENTIN phosphorylation. CircGLIS3 is a potential therapeutic target for GC patients.