bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Taylor's power law in the Wenchuan earthquake sequence with
fluctuation scaling
Authors: Shi Peijian , Li Mei , Li Yang , Liu Jie , Shi Haixia , Xie Tao , Yue Chong
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Taylor's power law (TPL) describes the scaling relationship between the temporal or spatial variance and mean of population densities by a simple power law. TPL is widely testified across space and time in biomedical sciences, botany, ecology, economics, epidemiology, and other fields. In this paper, TPL is analytically reconfirmed by testifying the variance as a function of the mean of the released energy of earthquakes with different magnitudes on varying timescales during the Wenchuan earthquake sequence. Estimates of the exponent of TPL are approximately 2, showing that there is mutual attraction among the events in the sequence. On the other hand, the spatial–temporal distribution of the Wenchuan aftershocks tends to be nonrandom but approximately definite and deterministic. Effect of different divisions on estimation of the intercept of TPL straight line has been checked while the exponent is kept to be 2. The result shows that the intercept acts as a logarithm function of the time division. It implies that the mean–variance relationship of the energy release from the earthquakes can be predicted although we cannot accurately predict the occurrence time and locations of imminent events.
Numerical Simulations of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Deposits
Thicknesses and Emplacements
Authors:   Syamsidik, Al'ala Musa , Fritz Hermann M. , Fahmi Mirza , Hafli Teuku Mudi
Published: November 2018

Abstract. After more than a decade of recurring tsunamis, identification of tsunami deposits, a part of hazard characterization, still remains a challenging task not fully understood. The lack of sufficient monitoring equipment and rare tsunami frequency are among the primary obstacles that limit our fundamental understanding of sediment transport mechanisms during a tsunami. The use of numerical simulations to study tsunami-induced sediment transport was rare in Indonesia until the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. This study aims to couple two hydrodynamic numerical models in order to reproduce tsunami-induced sediment deposits, i.e., their locations and thicknesses. Numerical simulations were performed using the Cornell Multi-Grid Coupled Tsunami Model (COMCOT) and Delft3D. This study reconstructed tsunami wave propagation from its source using COMCOT, which was later combined with Delft3D to map the location of the tsunami deposits and calculate their thicknesses. Two Dimensional-Horizontal (2DH) models were used as part of both simulation packages. Lhoong, in the Aceh Besar District, located approximately 60 km southwest of Banda Aceh, was selected as the study area. Field data collected in 2015 and 2016 validated the forward modeling techniques adopted in this study. However, agreements between numerical simulations and field observations were more robust using data collected in 2005, i.e., just months after the tsunami (Jaffe et al., 2006). We conducted pit (trench) tests at select locations to obtain tsunami deposit thickness and grain size distributions. The resulting numerical simulations are useful when estimating the locations and the thicknesses of the tsunami deposits. The agreement between the field data and the numerical simulations is reasonable despite a trend that overestimates the field observations.
Effect of Partial Shade and Weeding Intervals on Growth and Yield Performance of Chilli (Capsicum frutescens L.) in Dry Zone of Sri Lanka
Authors: Asharp G. , Sivachandiran S.
Published: November 2018

Chilli (Capsicum frutescens L.) is one of the most important cash crop cultivated in the Sri Lanka. Though, chilli cultivation has been tremendously influenced by the adverse climatic conditions and weed infestations. To solve these issues, a field experiment was conducted at Integrated Farm and Training Center, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jaffna, Kanagarayankulam, during February 2017 to July 2017, to evaluate the impact of partial shade and effect of different weeding intervals on growth and yield performance of chilli. The treatments consisted of two shade levels (partial shade and full sun) and four weeding intervals (weeding at one week, two week, three week intervals and no weeding) in split plot arrangement with three replicates. Light intensity was statistically significant (p < 0.05) between shade levels. The lowest light intensity and the highest relative humidity were recorded in partially shaded treatment as 22.50 klux and 85.42 %, respectively at 8.00 a.m. Weed density was significantly (p < 0.05) differed by shade and weeding interval treatments. The lowest weed density was recorded in full sun (control) and weeding at one week interval treatment. Shade treatments and weeding interval treatments have shown a significant (p < 0.05) effect on plant height, leaf numbers, leaf length, fruit length, fruit fresh weight and total yields. Partial shade and weeding at one week interval have shown significantly higher growth and yield performance compared to the other levels of treatment. Therefore, these results can be recommended for adoption by the farmers to improve the performance of chilli.
Political Parties and the Recruitment Process of Local Government Heads in Malang Raya
Authors: Prianto Budhy , Suharnoko Dwi , - Mardiyono
Published: November 2018

Direct elections for the head of local government were a process of recruiting leaders in regions that can guarantee the representation of local people through a democratic process. In this process, theoretically and constitutionally political parties have important and strategic roles and functions. Unfortunately, the oligarchic practice that engulfed almost all political parties has internally and externally recognized the basic principles of democracy in the process of recruiting prospective leaders in the region. The democratic process is only procedural, not substantial. So far it is strongly suspected that the process of regional head elections is more colored by transactional politics. This paper aims first, to obtain an overview of the recruitment process for the local head government candidates by political parties in Malang Raya region. Second, to describe the power of money in choosing candidates by the parties and the voters. Third, to explain the transactional political impact on the performance of elected candidates. Methods were using descriptive analysis with qualitative approach and become parts of investigational report. Data were collected from interview and documentation. The results were consist of three aspects: first, at the stage of nomination of candidates for local head of government internally in political parties there was a tendency for friction between central and local political party leaders. In turn, this friction brought the failure of their  candidate in the local election.  Second, even though there were allegations of transactional politics between candidates for regional heads and political parties carrying them or between political parties, the allegations were not supported by concrete data. Third, the selection process for the head of local governments in the Malang Raya area tends to be less consistent with the performance of the government, especially those relating to PAD, IKF, and HDI.
“Return, and I Will Be with You”
Authors: Bunn Daniel D.
Published: November 2018

From a perspective shaped by and within the paradigm of theological interpretation of Scripture, I engage Gen 31:1–24 (1) by considering the whole of Genesis as the appropriate cotext within which to engage the smaller textual units, and, also, (2) by focusing on the theological nature of this whole narrative. Thus, I argue that one theological dimension of the book, namely, the “divine agenda,” provides a useful frame for considering some of the challenging textual details of the passage. I offer interpretations of those textual data that accord with this paradigm, and which, I hope, will be appreciated by those even outside of this paradigm.
A Hermeneutic of Hope—and Faith and Love
Authors: Mccullough Ross
Published: November 2018

The early church bequeathed us two rules for interpreting Scripture: the rule of faith and the rule of love. This paper argues that these should be complemented with a rule of hope. It uses Thomas Aquinas to suggest how a hopeful reading might complement a loving and a faithful reading, and it suggests that we see this sort of reading in contemporary liberation theologians.
The Driver Experience Under Extreme Lane Change Conditions
Authors: Pauwelussen Joop
Published: November 2018

The objective of this paper is to examine the driver’s mental workload experience
during extreme nonlinear high slip driving conditions, i.e. with the tyres being close
to saturation. This is done for the ISO Double Lane Change manoeuvre, based on extensive
test data from two professional test drivers, for different speeds, and with varying
tyres. Optimal double lane change closed loop performance is defined and determined and
compared to the actual test performance, showing and explaining differences in this
performance. A path-tracking driver model has been applied to examine the driver model
parameters steering gain and preview time. It is shown that these parameters, which can
easily be derived from the closed loop vehicle handling data, vary with mental workload
as experienced by these test drivers. This correlation has been demonstrated in previous
research for normal driving conditions, where workload, in this paper determined through
RSME (Rating Scale Mental Effort) scores, is affected by traffic conditions, where
fatigue, experience and learning effects play a significant role. Hence, this paper
shows that this, i.e. using the driver model as a virtual sensor to estimate mental
workload, can be extended to high slip conditions.Driver model parameters vary in time,
and are not independent. Different combinations of preview time and steering gain lead
to the same closed loop performance. We have extended the application of the driver
model, the relationship between the driver model parameters and closed loop stability to
high slip conditions, before we applied it to severe, i.e. high slip lane change
performance.
Józef Mackiewicz—Czesław Miłosz: The Story of Their Relationship in the Context of Émigré Disputes
Authors: Bałżewska Katarzyna
Published: November 2018

The aim of this article is the reconstruction of the relationship between two Polish émigré authors: the novelist Józef Mackiewicz, and the poet Czesław Miłosz, on the basis of their private correspondence, left notes, comments, and interviews. The paper presents chosen aspects of the relationship of the writers against a background of their artistic achievements, personal experiences, and youth in interwar Vilnius, as well as life in exile. The author of the article describes some peculiar factors and circumstances that brought Mackiewicz and Miłosz closer to each other, at the same time pointing at the issues that became a bone of contention between them.
The Warsaw New Testament of 1881: Origins, Subsequent History, Controversies Part 2 (of 2)
Authors: Nicholson Peter
Published: November 2018

This article fills an important gap in the historiography of translations of the Bible into Polish, documenting the origins, subsequent history, and controversies surrounding a translation of the New Testament made near the close of the nineteenth century.

Part 1 traces the rise and fall of a translation of the New Testament into Polish published by the Trinitarian Bible Society in London in 1876. The translation contained a number of errors and was replaced with a new version, published by the British and Foreign Bible Society in Vienna in 1881.

This second, concluding, part of the study continues with a discussion of the British and Foreign Bible Society’s response to criticism from the Trinitarian Bible Society, a review of the reception given to the 1881 Warsaw New Testament in the years immediately following its first publication, and an attempt to clarify the confessional identity of the Warsaw translation committee.

Part 2 then goes on to describe events of the 1920s, when the TBS1 substituted the Polish New Testament it had first published in 1876 with the version first published by the BFBS in 1881, a step that drew cries of foul play from the BFBS. This is followed by a survey of the translation’s subsequent history and usefulness.
A Genetic-LVQ neural networks approach for handwritten Arabic character recognition
Authors: Alharbi Abir
Published: November 2018

Handwritten recognition systems are a dynamic field of research in areas of artificial intelligence. Many smart devices available in the market such as pen-based computers, tablets, mobiles with handwritten recognition technology need to rely on efficient handwritten recognition systems. In this paper we present a novel Arabic character handwritten recognition system based on a hybrid method consisting of a genetic algorithm and a Learning vector quantization (LVQ) neural network. Sixty different handwritten Arabic character datasets are used for training the neural network. Each character dataset contains 28 letters written twice with 15 distinct shaped alphabets, and each handwritten Arabic letter is represented by a binary matrix that is used as an input to a genetic algorithm for feature selection and dimension reduction to include only the most effective features to be fed to the LVQ classifier. The recognition process in the system involves several essential steps such as: handwritten letter acquisition, dataset preparation, feature selection, training, and recognition. Comparing our results to those acquired by the whole feature dataset without selection, and to the results using other classification algorithms confirms the effectiveness of our proposed handwritten recognition system with an accuracy of 95.4%, hence, showing a promising potential for improving future handwritten Arabic recognition devices in the market.
Training and Performance Differences in US Internal Medicine Residents Trained in Community- and University-Based Programs – a Systematic Review
Authors: Rehman Yasir
Published: November 2018

Introduction:Residents’ learning and performance depends on program structures, clinical setting and faculty mentors; however,performance differences between and community based vs. university based residents have not been exploredsystematically.Objectives:To systematically review the performance differences between internal medicine residents trained in community-basedprograms [CBPs] versus university-based programs [UBPs] in the US.Methods:Eligible studies were identified in Medline and Embase databases from 1990- June 2018. Eligible studies comparedlearning and performance differences between UBP and CBP internal medicine residency programs aligned withACGME recommendations.Results:Out of 4916 titles, 14 cross-sectional studies were included in the analysis. Diverse reporting among the includedstudies precluded meta-analysis. Significant differences were found in specific practice areas, such as knowledge aboutHIV, nutrition training, and program accreditation cycle. Residents in UBPs participated more often in hypothesisdriven research and had higher publication rates than residents in CBPs. Residents trained in CBPs experienced moreburnt out than those in UBPs and had higher prevalence of residents with problematic behaviors and deficiencies.Nonsignificant differences were found among residents regarding ABIM pass rate, medical procedures, and publichealth training.Conclusion:Our review reports inconsistent trends in residents’ learning and performances following RRC- IM and ACGMErecommendations. Significant differences were noted in areas that required more practice and system based learning,non-procedural skills and patient care. Future studies with larger sample sizes and adjusted analyses are needed toevaluate the difference between residents’ performance and learning in UBPs versus CBPs.
Development of Language Proficiency and Pragmatic Competence in an Immersive Language Program
Authors: Rafieyan Vahid , Rozycki William
Published: November 2018

Since pragmatic competence and grammatical competence are two distinct aspects of communicative competence (Bachman, 1990), a high level of grammatical competence may not lead to a high level of pragmatic competence, rather it can be best developed through immersion in the target language. In this respect, this paper addresses three research questions within the context of an immersive language program in an EFL setting: 1) Does instruction in an immersive language program have a significant effect on language learners’ general language proficiency? 2) Is there any significant relationship between language learners’ general language proficiency and their pragmatic competence? 3) Is there any significant relationship between language learners’ level of language contact and their pragmatic competence?In the experiment, Japanese first-year college students (n=18) were assessed through TOEFL PBT at the start of a one-year language immersion program. The subjects thereupon participated in an intensive language program. At the end of the academic year, all subjects took another TOEFL PBT along with a pragmatic competence test (Bardovi-Harlig, 2009) and a language contact survey. The statistical findings of this study demonstrated a significant positive effect for immersive language program on general language proficiency. However, the findings found no significant association between general language proficiency and pragmatic competence and only a weak correlation between language contact and pragmatic competency. This suggests that developing general linguistic proficiency and immersive language contact with a target language do not automatically ensure the acquisition of pragmatic competence.
The Theme of Humanitarianism as Portrayed in Langston Hughes’ Poetry
Authors: Abdalla Babiker Ahmed Adam
Published: November 2018

This study focuses on the theme of humanitarianism as portrayed in Hughes’ poetry. One key objective of this study is to find out to what extent Hughes deals with the theme of humanitarianism in his poetry. Also, to shed lights on the theme of humanitarianism as human value and to compare the western concept of humanitarianism with the Islamic one and reach some conclusions. The study follows the descriptive, analytic and comparative approach to discuss and rationally analyze five selected poems of Hughes with special reference to the theme of humanitarianism that is depicted in them. In accordance, a number of findings have been obtained:  many types of humanitarianism such as reducing the human suffering, protection of human rights, including, right of life, security, freedom, equality, justice and peace have been portrayed in Langston Hughes poetry. In addition, values of impartiality and neutrality which represent the central point of humanitarianism are also portrayed. Also, it can be said that conducting comparative studies is one important means for cultural understanding between different peoples, and can be used as an effective means for the exchange of ideas, values, experiences and yet draw the nations closer to each other; hence contributing to the spread of understanding and peace between peoples. Moreover, despite the existence of some differences in some points, specifications and concepts, nonetheless, the theme of humanitarianism is found as a key value in both American and Islamic traditions; although the difference of cultures, including religions. Lastly, it can be said that due to the findings of the study, we could argue that, the humanitarianism cannot be separated from human rights.
english teacher's work in relation to the prescriptions of the official documents and the work conditions in the public school
Authors: Pucci Renata
Published: November 2018

This paper presents an enunciative analysis of the discourses of a group of teachers aiming to understand the ways in which the teachers elaborate the English teaching in the public school in relation to the prescriptions of the official documents and the work conditions. The theoretical basis for the enunciative-discursive analysis is based on Bakhtin and Volochínov, authors who theorize the social, dialogic and ideological language in the discursive formation of the individual. The text develops a brief contextualization of the scenary in which the teaching of English is established in public schools, including the trajectory of the insertion of the English language in the curriculum of the schools and the presentation of official documents that support the offer of the subject. The analyzes indicate that the official documents discourses organize the teachers’ view of English language teaching practices in the public school, guide the evaluation of the teaching methods and the appreciation of the work itself in the classroom.
On Board Computer Module for Cubesat Compatible with QB50
Authors: Perdomo César A. , Camargo Julián R. , Cabezas Albeiro Cortes
Published: November 2018

This paper presents the design and implementation at the hardware level of the OBC-OBDH subsystem (On-Board-Computer On-Board Data Handler) to meet the requirements of the CubeSat QB50 project, in addition, different tasks are performed at the software level to simplify the subsequent development (the implementation of the FreeRTOS real-time operating system has been carried out, and a simple example has been prepared that involves the use of all the necessary modules). The development of this module is justifiable at an academic level, since the QB50 project impacts on different aspects the academy (development of satellite systems), it must be taken into account that the QB50 challenge is presented to all the universities of the world and has a great impact on third world countries, providing the possibility of massive development and low launch costs.
The Permissibility of Interventions Into Fundamental Rights and Freedoms in the Exercise of Police and Security Activities
Authors: Peťovský Marián , Loffler Boris
Published: November 2018

This scientific study is part of research no. 130 Metenko Jozef, Methods of research and development of police activities, research no. 201 Metenko Jozef, Strengthening of European coordination in the field of national security research programmes for major events, research no.182 Metenko Jozef, Administrative practice for dialogue and communication, as the strategic principles of police activities for political manifestation and research no. 173 Metenko Jozef, Coordination of national research and policy to ensure security in major events in Europe. The scientific study deals with the issue of police interventions into fundamental rights and freedoms as a result of police activities connected to the execution of tasks and duties of police officers, and also with other provisions of the Act on the Police Force. The authors consider the rule of law to be synonymous with constitutional or legitimate governance and which also characterises the exercise of state authority on the basis of constitutionally issued laws. The authors associate police interventions with the protective function of the state, establish conditions for interference with fundamental rights and freedoms from the perspective of police activity which compliance with, or breaching of, indicates whether the particular rights and freedoms are violated or not by the intervention. Subsequently, the authors identified the concepts of prevention and prophylaxis, which they interpret on the basis of chosen international scientific results and conclusions.
The theoretical Basis for Criminological forecasting of Crime (with Russia Example)
Authors: Laskowska Katarzyna
Published: November 2018

The paper discusses the problems of criminological forecasting of crime. The analyses have been based on issues concerning theoretical foundations and assumptions of this process in Russia. Since it is a country with considerable socio-demographic, religious and cultural diversity, it must analyse, assess and monitor these territorial differences in crime and skilfully anticipate the changes taking place there. Russia is the country that already has experience in predicting the development of crime. Current Russian criminological literature has been used in the deliberations. The publication presents various definitions of criminological crime forecasting. Attention was drawn not only to the need to anticipate changes in criminal trends but also to the evolution of crime causes. The sources of information necessary to forecast this phenomenon have also been indicated. It has been emphasized
that this is, in particular, knowledge about socio-economic and political transformations taking place in the country. The several stages and complexity of the forecasting process, as well as its result in the form of a crime forecast, have also been underlined. By presenting a number of forecasting objectives, its usefulness for the protection of the security of the state and its citizens have been emphasized. The basics of conducting research analyses in the form of three scientific methods (extrapolation, modelling, and application of criminological expertise) have been discussed, as well. The classifications of forecasting and the periods applied in practice have been presented. The above issues have been discussed on the basis of theoretical assumptions adopted by Russian criminologists. Attention has been focused on the most important issues for preventing and combatting crime. The considerations have confirmed the need to anticipate the development of crime.
Idoso no mercado de trabalho: implicações para a Enfermagem Gerontológica
Authors: Rocha Lucimara Sonaglio , Pelzer Marlene Teda , Abreu Daiane Porto Gautério , Rodrigues Andressa Peripolli , Seiffert Margot Agathe , Palmeiras Graciela De Brum
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: refletir sobre os aspectos determinantes à manutenção/reinserção do idoso no mercado de trabalho, considerando as implicações à enfermagem gerontológica. Método: estudo teórico-reflexivo sobre o idoso no mercado de trabalho e suas repercussões à prática da enfermagem gerontológica. Resultados: há uma presença crescente dos idosos no mercado de trabalho em decorrência da necessidade de manutenção do papel social, questões previdenciárias, perda do poder aquisitivo e necessidade de prover a família, assim, tornando maiores e mais específicas as demandas de cuidado na área da enfermagem gerontológica que devem contemplar aspectos relacionados ao ambiente de trabalho e ao processo de envelhecimento. Conclusão: a enfermagem gerontológica possui inúmeras possibilidades de prestar suas habilidades e competências na área da saúde do trabalhador voltadas às especificidades do trabalhador idoso com foco no fortalecimento do conhecimento relacionado à tríade envelhecimento/velhice/trabalho.
Eventos adversos decorrentes de falhas de comunicação: reflexões sobre um modelo para transição do cuidado
Authors: Pena Mileide Morais , Melleiro Marta Maria
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: analisar a relação entre processo de comunicação e ocorrência de eventos adversos e refletir acerca de um modelo para as transições do cuidado em instituições hospitalares. Método: estudo teórico-reflexivo. Resultados: as análises de referenciais teóricos, publicações de organizações órgãos, certificadores e artigos científicos demonstraram a relação entre as falhas de comunicação e a ocorrência de eventos adversos. Observou-se que muitos problemas de comunicação entre os profissionais de saúde ocorrem durante a transição do cuidado, entretanto, quando há padronização das informações, resultados positivos são evidenciados. Conclusões: a utilização de ferramentas para a padronização do processo de transição do cuidado deve ser incentivada, visto que a comunicação é essencial nas relações humanas que envolvem os pacientes, seus familiares e os profissionais, contribuindo para a transformação do cenário nas instituições de saúde e aperfeiçoamento da cultura de segurança.
Enfermagem em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: atenção ao paciente com sintomatologia psiquiátrica
Authors: Reisdorfer Nara , Hildebrandt Leila Mariza , Leite Marinês Tambara , Silva Luiz Anildo Anacleto da , Strapazzon Mônica
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: conhecer as intervenções realizadas pela equipe de enfermagem em duas unidades de terapia intensiva junto a pacientes com sintomatologia psiquiátrica. Método: qualitativo e descritivo. Participaram 28 membros da equipe de enfermagem. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e observação estruturada não participante. A análise seguiu os passos da Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: emergiram três categorias, a primeira refere-se ao diálogo como instrumento de cuidado, a segunda aborda questões inerentes a contenção mecânica/medicamentosa e a última sobre a família como elemento terapêutico na atenção ao paciente com sintomatologia psiquiatria em unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI). Conclusão: o paciente internado em UTI pode apresentar sintomas psiquiátricos decorrentes de doença orgânica ou pelo desgaste emocional pela permanência nesse espaço. Desse modo, a equipe de enfermagem intensivista deve estar apta para identificar e intervir de forma assertiva junto ao paciente, o que inclui diálogo e administração de medicação.
Um estudo sobre redes interacionais para promover a geração de empresas de software na Paraíba.
Authors: Menezes Robert Kalley Cavalcanti de
Published: November 2018

Análise das redes interacionais que formam a base do processo de incubação de empresas de tecnologias da informação, nanciado pelo Governo Federal através de recursos repassados pelo CNPq/FINEP, desenvolvido na Incubadora Tecnológica de Campina Grande (ITCG), instituição vinculada à Fundação Parque Tecnológico da Paraíba (PAQTCPB), em parceria com a Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG). Com base em pesquisa empírica realizada in loco, agentes individuais e institucionais são identificados, bem como a natureza dos laços sociais que resultam do processo interacional. Na perspectiva da construção social da tecnologia são observados alguns aspectos das condições e contradições intra e interagentes no plano institucional, bem como as relações de cooperação, competição, conflito e “inspiração”, as quais são derivadas das racionalidades predominantes que orientam as ações individuais. Ao término, algumas considerações são feitas sobre expectativas não realizadas que estariam condicionadas aos arranjos sociais que historicamente constituíram as redes de agentes envolvidos.
Apresentação do Dossiê
Authors: Mota Dalva Maria da , Souza Cimone Rozendo de
Published: November 2018

A Século XXI: Revista de Ciências Sociais publica neste número O Dossiê Olhares conflitantes sobre o mundo rural: territorialidades, conhecimentos e ações de desenvolvimento com uma seleção de artigos apresentados nos Grupos de Trabalho (GT's) do VII Encontro da REDE de Estudos rurais, ocorrido no período de 26 de agosto a 01 de setembro de 2016, na cidade de Natal (RN). Os artigos foram selecionados pelos coordenadores dos GT's e abordam uma diversidade de temas relevantes do mundo rural contemporâneo a partir de diferentes perspectivas e áreas do conhecimento.
Barragens no Ribeira de Iguape: projetos de desenvolvimento e riscos para o desenvolvimento sustentável
Authors: Paoliello Renata Medeiros
Published: November 2018

Desde os anos de 1960, está projetada a construção de quatro hidrelétricas no rio Ribeira de Iguape, encampada pelo grupo Votorantim. Pensadas como necessárias para alavancar o desenvolvimento, as hidrelétricas são atualizadas pelo discurso da oferta de empregos. Tensionam assim as lutas sociais que, ao longo de mais de quatro décadas, são atravessadas por questões de regularização fundiária e reforma agrária, e incorporam a problemática ambiental e os processos de reconhecimento nos termos do artigo no 68 da CF. O objetivo do artigo é o de re etir sobre como o Movimento dos Ameaçados por Barragens e os novos canais políticos vêm equacionando o risco das barragens e dialogando no campo político. Para tal, apresenta resultados de pesquisa de campo nos territórios quilombolas do médio Ribeira, e junto às agências ali atuantes. O recorte da análise recai sobre as práticas e discursos de mediação, na negociação de interesses em con ito, para observar como se busca traduzir, entre os distintos agentes envolvidos, o discurso do desenvolvimento, em face das expectativas quanto a demandas por políticas sociais. de emprego e de suporte à produção agrícola.
Construção social dos mercados de frutos do Cerrado: entre sociobiodiversidade e alta gastronomia
Authors: Guéneau Stéphane , Diniz Janaína Deane de Abreu Sá , Mendonça Sabina Dessartre , Garcia Jessica Pereira
Published: November 2018

O Cerrado, o segundo maior bioma do Brasil e lar de enorme diversidade biológica e social, é considerado hoje como um dos hotspots mundias devido às pressões que tem sofrido com o avanço da fronteira do agronegócio. Para conservar estes recursos naturais, além de áreas protegidas, é necessária a valorização dos produtos obtidos através do agroextrativismo. Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar como a construção social dos mercados de produtos do agroextrativismo do Cerrado se baseia na difusão de valores socioambientais divulgados através da ação de organizações da sociedade civil, especialmente por meio de redes. A pesquisa incluiu entrevistas com os atores principais – agroextrativistas, intermediários, cooperativas, indústrias, distribuidoras, ONGs – além de visitas a campo, entre outros. Os resultados incluem uma análise da ação das redes, uma apresentação dos produtos e a descrição dos mercados. Estes indicam que a evolução dos mercados alternativos destes produtos na direção dos supermercados, de circuitos longos de comercialização e da gastronomia corre o risco de limitar a participação dos produtores agroextrativistas em circuitos dominantes.
Questões identitárias em territórios de assentamentos rurais de reforma agrária: o caso do Assentamento Reunidas no Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Arbarotti Alexsandro Elias
Published: November 2018

Passadas algumas décadas desde o estabelecimento dos primeiros assentamentos de reforma agrária surge a necessidade de pensarmos os processos de reprodução social que ocorrem no interior desse território. O objetivo do presente artigo é justamente compreender esse processo de reprodução social dentro dos Assentamentos a partir da análise das motivações subjetivas dos atores sociais da segunda geração. Para tanto foi realizado um estudo de caso no Assentamento Reunidas, o maior do Estado de São Paulo. A metodologia utilizada para a pesquisa foi a da história oral, onde os atores contaram suas histórias de vidas e seus projetos. O artigo está estruturado em quatro seções: A primeira traz os elementos metodológicos. A segunda traz uma breve biografia dos entrevistados e a seguir, na terceira seção, são articuladas as falas dos atores, onde é possível perceber suas motivações para permanecerem no assentamento. Partindo desses elementos a quarta seção busca demonstrar que a decisão de permanência ocasiona transformações culturais e sociais para o território, pois as identidades desses atores são reelaboradas. Por fim, as considerações finais apontam para o assentamento como um território de universo de vividos múltiplos permeado por uma cultura e sociabilidade especí cas que possibilita a realização de projetos de vida.
Dinâmicas migratórias, trabalho e diferenciação social: o caso das migrações em Caxias do Sul.
Authors: Mocellin Maria Clara , Herédia Vania Beatriz Merlotti
Published: November 2018

O propósito deste estudo é discutir as dinâmicas migratórias recentes ocorridas em uma cidade de porte médio do sul do Brasil. Essa cidadefoi marcada por diferentes fluxos migratórios desde a sua ocupação inicial, e esses fluxos foram se modificando a partir de diferentes conjunturas nacionais. Os fluxos migratórios para Caxias do Sul são de tipo laboral, o que faz com que a categoria trabalho seja o foco do estudo. A categoria trabalho é analisada como um elemento de diferenciação social que colabora para o entendimento dos processos identitários. O estudo é de natureza exploratória e de cunho qualitativo. Os resultados mostram que os distintos fluxos que chegaram à cidade acentuam as questões identitárias, dependendo da sociedade de origem do fluxo. Mostram também que os diversos deslocamentos populacionais que se direcionaram à Caxias do Sul foram motivados pela busca por trabalho, sendo as migrações internas estimuladas pela concepção de ascensão social, e as internacionais por garantias de trabalho.
O que cabe na mala? Deslocamentos e circulação de objetos da diáspora senegalesa em “terra de italianos”.
Authors: Monteiro Cristiano Sobroza
Published: November 2018

Desde meados de 2009, milhares de senegaleses deslocam-se à cidade de Caxias do Sul-RS. Inicialmente, esses deslocamentos foram orientados pela busca de trabalho em empresas do setor de frigoríficos. Juntamente ao anseio por “melhorar de vida”, hábitos e expressões da cultura desses sujeitos, manifesta-se no cotidiano dessa cidade. Esse artigo tem como objetivo discutir como os objetos contidos nas malas de viagem e de trabalho dos senegaleses em seus processos de deslocamento e inserção em Caxias do Sul podem agenciar redes sociais de mobilidade e trabalho e servir como catalisadores de todo um sistema de trocas e obrigações envolvendo pessoas, lugares e objetos. Busco, a partir de uma abordagem etnográfica e sob a ótica da cultura material e das relações de poder, entender como tais objetos, em seus usos, trocas e circulações, ocupam posições liminares entre os domínios sociais e rituais, implicando na sua reintrodução e ressignificação em um contexto marcado por fluxos migratórios transnacionais da diáspora senegalesa.
A construção midiática do “eldorado” lusitano a partir dos novos fluxos migratórios de brasileiros para Portugal.
Authors: Souza Elaine Javorski , Iorio Juliana Chatti
Published: November 2018

As ligações históricas entre Brasil e Portugal ajudaram a traçar uma rota migratória entre os dois países com distintas direções ao longo da história. O interesse dos brasileiros pelo país europeu teve início no final dos anos 1980 com um movimento limitado de contracorrente que ganhou um fluxo significativo na década seguinte e início do século XXI. Na última década, mais especificamente após a crise político-económica brasileira desencadeada ao partir do impeachment da ex-presidente do Brasil, Dilma Rousseff, em 2016, percebe-se um novo fluxo de brasileiros para Portugal. É no sentido de compreender como são construídas as notícias sobre essa nova fase migratória que esse artigo se apresenta. Foram analisadas 13 matérias jornalísticas publicadas em sites dos jornais de referência de ambos os países, Diário de Notícias (Portugal) e Folha de São Paulo (Brasil), no ano de 2017, selecionadas por mecanismos de busca. A base teórico-metodológica situa-se no contexto da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD), formulada por Teun Adrianus van Dijk. A revisão bibliográfica versa sobre a evolução das teorias das migrações, bem como as alterações nos fluxos e representação midiática da imigração brasileira em Portugal, de forma a contextualizar os conceitos que constituem a base desse estudo.
A “miséria” da educação: análise de um manual de “empreendedorismo” do SEBRAE para professores do ensino fundamental.
Authors: Dias Vanessa Tavares
Published: November 2018

O Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas (Sebrae) tem sido a principal agência no Brasil a difundir o chamado “empreendedorismo”. Nas capitais e, especialmente, no interior do país, uma das ações da agência tem sido estabelecer convênios com prefeituras municipais, com vistas a vender projetos voltados para a formação de sujeitos empreendedores. Entre os projetos está o programa Jovens Empreendedores Primeiros Passos, que consiste em um curso de “empreendedorismo” voltado para crianças e jovens de escolas públicas e privadas. Este trabalho analisa o conteúdo discursivo do manual do professor, elaborado por essa agência, destinado a educadores do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental. Na análise, consideramos o Sebrae aparelho privado de hegemonia, conceito do pensador italiano Antonio Gramsci, e buscamos compreender o manual tendo como base a concepção de ideologia concebida pelo mesmo autor. Nossa análise identificou aspectos que evidenciam recursos narrativos que visam enaltecer e naturalizar o ato de abrir uma empresa. Esses recursos buscam, entre outras coisas, atrelar ao mundo dos negócios aspectos que lhe são alheios, além de ocultar fatores importantes para a compreensão da realidade concreta. Ao fim, constatamos que o curso estimula a valorização do valor de troca, desconsidera o valor-trabalho e reproduz do fenômeno da alienação.
Trabalho familiar na produção de dendê sob contrato na Amazônia brasileira: o caso de Santa Maria, Pará.
Authors: Caetano Márcia Coutinho , Mota Dalva Maria da , Ferreira Maria do Socorro Gonçalves
Published: November 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as novas evidências do trabalho familiar num contexto de incentivo à especialização para o cultivo de dendê(Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de um estudo de caso com observações e entrevistas na localidade Santa Maria, município de Tomé-Açu, Pará, um dos polos de produção de dendê na Amazônia brasileira. As principais conclusões são de que o trabalho familiar passa por redefinições no cultivo de dendê em decorrência: i) da intensificação do trabalho com o monocultivo do dendê em sistemas produtivos diversificados; ii) da mão de obra familiar ser insuficiente, ocasionando a necessidade de contratar assalariados para poder cumprir o contrato; iii) das mulheres dedicarem-se minoritariamente ao trabalho no dendê e concentrarem-se nas atividades domésticas e não agrícolas; iv) da tendência de masculinização da força de trabalho sob argumento do peso da atividade em questão; e v) da permanência dos jovens no trabalho agrícola no estabelecimento familiar, contrariando tendência nacional de saída dos mesmos.
INVESTIGATION OF PROCESS OF ELECTROCHEMICAL GRAPHITE DELAMINATION
Authors: Bratkov Iliya V. , Yudina Tatiana F. , Melnikov Aleksey G. , Bratkov Artyem V.
Published: November 2018

In this work, the processes occurring during the electrochemical dispersion of graphite in a solution of sulfuric acid are investigated. The possibility of obtaining colloidal graphene solutions by combining electrochemical and ultrasonic graphite dispersion is shown. It is established that an increase in the operating voltage on the cell leads to the formation of a larger number of surface oxygen-containing groups. This allows increasing the yield of nanoscale particles. Ultrasonic treatment leads to an additional splitting of graphene plates and separation of nanosized particles from insufficiently oxidized particles of graphite. The thickness of graphite particles at each stage of obtaining nanoparticles was studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. It is established that as a result of electrochemical stratification a mixture of large undecomposed graphite particles and nano-sized graphite plates is formed. By ultrasonic dispersion with the subsequent classification of particles, it is possible to obtain colloidal solutions of low-layer graphene with a plate thickness of the order of 1 nm. At a working voltage of the cell equals to 10 V, the yield of nanoparticles is 10%, the change in the operating voltage does not significantly affect the concentration of the resulting colloid. The effect of adding nonionic and anionic surfactants to ultrasonic treatment of electrochemically dispersed graphite on the yield of a nanosized phase and the concentration of the resulting colloid is studied. The use of a nonionic surfactant (OP-10) negatively affects both the yield of nanoparticles and the concentration of the resulting colloid. The use of sodium dodecyl sulfonate in the stage of ultrasonic dispersion makes it possible to increase the yield of nanoparticles to 22% and the concentration of graphene particles in the colloid to 2.7 g/l. The obtained colloidal solutions are stable for more than a year. During this time there was no precipitation observed.
CARBON CONTENT INFLUENCE ON PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TUNGSTEN-BASED COMPOSITES WITH MARAGING-BASED BINDER
Authors: Zharchenkova Marina I. , Perfilov Sergey A. , Blank Vladimir D.
Published: November 2018

The effect of carbon content on physico-mechanical properties in tungsten-based composite material obtained by spark plasma sintering method was investigated in this work. Maraging steel-based composition was used as binder and contained such metals as Fe, Ni, Co, Mo, Ti. Carbon content (synthetic diamonds of 3/2 fraction) was varied from 0.1 to 0.3 wt.%. It was shown that 0.1 % wt of carbon resulted in composite durability and plasticity growth though further increase in carbon content up to 0.3% wt. resulted in composite durability growth accompanied with composite plasticity decrease. Sintering time influence (3, 5, 7 min) was investigated. It was shown that this sintering process parameter has ambiguous influence on physico-mechanical properties of obtained composite material due to cumulative effect of other parameters. Sintering time temperature in 1300–1350 °C is investigated. It was shown that 1320 °C is optimal sintering temperature. 1350 °C resulted in binder liquefaction and its components migration from die mould. Aging process of sintered material with maraging-based binder was investigated. In common case, this process resulted in durability, plasticity and hardness growth of composite material. Spark plasma sintering method application allows to minimization of tungsten grain growth. After sintering tungsten grains size remained in 1–3 μm.
Mechanical force regulates tendon extracellular matrix organization and tenocyte morphogenesis through TGFbeta signaling
Authors: Subramanian Arul , Kanzaki Lauren Fallon , Galloway Jenna Lauren , Schilling Thomas Friedrich
Published: November 2018

Mechanical forces between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) influence cell shape and function. Tendons are ECM-rich tissues connecting muscles with bones that bear extreme tensional force. Analysis of transgenic zebrafish expressing mCherry driven by the tendon determinant scleraxis reveals that tendon fibroblasts (tenocytes) extend arrays of microtubule-rich projections at the onset of muscle contraction. In the trunk, these form a dense curtain along the myotendinous junctions at somite boundaries, perpendicular to myofibers, suggesting a role as force sensors to control ECM production and tendon strength. Paralysis or destabilization of microtubules reduces projection length and surrounding ECM, both of which are rescued by muscle stimulation. Paralysis also reduces SMAD3 phosphorylation in tenocytes and chemical inhibition of TGFβ signaling shortens tenocyte projections. These results suggest that TGFβ, released in response to force, acts on tenocytes to alter their morphology and ECM production, revealing a feedback mechanism by which tendons adapt to tension.