bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Deep Learning based Model using Review Associated Feature Extraction Approach for Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Irsad Mohammad , Khare Ashish
Published: October 2023

With the advancement of internet technologies, in the present days, online forums, social media platforms and e-commerce sites have made the product reviews process very easy. There are a lot of mobile applications, websites and forums where consumers used to share and circulate their opinions, experiences, ideas and views regarding products, brands and services. In consequence, online user reviews have become a deciding factor for many consumers prior to purchasing their selected items. The sentiment analysis is a technique to extract sentiments, feelings and insights from customer reviews and public texts. Therefore, plenty of businesses perform sentiment analysis in order to more thoroughly comprehend of their customer opinions and suggestions regarding their products and services. Furthermore, a number of scientific researchers also have a keen interest in classifying customer reviews into a set of labels employing text classification techniques. The objective of the this research work is to develop an approach to extract review associated features using Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging and design a CNN model to classify the reviews' sentiment as positive or negative. In this paper, an approach to extract review associated feature has been presented. Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques are utilized for data preprocessing to remove uninformative data from reviews. Deep learning model CNN is used for sentiment classification and Amazon mobile reviews dataset is used for the experiment. The proposed model is experimentally evaluated and provides enhanced performance than other models also provides improved accuracy of 97.23% on Amazon mobile review dataset.
Early Detection of Parkinson Disease using Voice Data
Authors: Goel Manav , Kumar S Ananda , Jyotheeswari P , R Sangeetha , Balakrishnan Sarojini
Published: October 2023

Parkinson’s disease affects over 10 million people worldwide, with approximately 20 percent of patients not being diagnosed. Clinical diagnosis is expensive because there are no specific tests or bio-markers, and it can take days to diagnose because it is based on a comprehensive evaluation of the individual’s symptoms. Existing research either predicts a Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale rating, uses other key Parkinsonian features to diagnose an individual, such as tapping, gait, and tremor, or focuses on different audio features. In this paper, we are focusing on using the voice aspect for the early detection of the disease. We use the University of California Irvine (UCI) Parkinson data set. This data set contains various parameters regarding voice jitter. The data set first undergoes preprocessing. We have used a Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) model to acquire early on detection using the above data set. Our model has achieved an efficiency of 97.43 percent. This efficiency can be improved by using even a larger and diverse data set.
A Comprehensive Analysis on Risk Prediction of Heart Disease using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Sree Pokkuluri Kiran , Prasad M. , PBV Raja Rao , Ramana Chintha Venkata , Murty P T Satyanarayana , Mallesh A. Satya , Raju P J R Shalem
Published: October 2023

Most of the deaths worldwide are caused by heart disease and the disease has become a major cause of morbidity for many people. In order to prevent such deaths, the mortality rate can be greatly reduced through regular monitoring and early detection of heart disease. Heart disease diagnosis has grown to be a challenging task in the field of clinically provided data analysis. Predicting heart disease is a highly demanding and challenging task with pure accuracy, but it is easy to figure out using advanced Machine Learning (ML) techniques. A Machine Learning approach has been shown to predict heart disease in this approach. By doing this, the disease can be predicted early and the mortality rate and severity can be reduced. The application of machine learning techniques is advancing significantly in the medical field. Interpreting these analyzes in this methodology, which has been shown to specifically aim to discover important features of heart disease by providing ML algorithms for predicting heart disease, has resulted in improved predictive accuracy. The model is trained using classification algorithms such as Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM). The performance of these four algorithms is quantified in different aspects such as accuracy, precision, recall and specificity. SVM has been shown to provide the best performance in this approach for different algorithms although the accuracy varies in different cases.
Principal Component Analysis Approach for Yield Attributing Traits in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Genotypes
Authors: Abhilash P V , Talekar Nilesh , Delvadiya I. R. , Singh Shailesh Kumar
Published: October 2023

The research work was investigated among 55 okra accessions in RCBD with three replications and was evaluated for seventeen phenotypic characteristics of okra principal component analysis at the Agriculture Research Farm, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (Punjab). According to principal component analysis (PCA), six of the seventeen (PC1 to PC6) PCs had eigenvalues above 1.0 and a cumulative variance of around 75.52.  PC 1 alone accounted for the highest variance of 25.38 by PC1, followed by PC 2 with 15.98%. The outcomes of this investigation might be used as a foundation for defining and implementing subsequent okra breeding initiatives. Days to the 1st flowering, days to the 50% flowering and days to the first fruit harvest appear above the average variance contribution of each PC in the screen plot. Biplot analysis of PC1 and PC2 in contribution dim.1 revealed 25% and dim.2 revealed 16%.
Advancements in Animal Physiotherapy Bridging The Gap for Optimal Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review
Authors: Kulkarni Chaitanya A. , Wadhokar Om C. , Joshi Medhavi V. , Palekar Tushar J.
Published: October 2023

Animal physiotherapy, a rapidly evolving field, plays a pivotal role in the rehabilitation and well-being of diverse animal species. This review article provides an in-depth exploration of the latest advancements, methodologies, and applications in animal physiotherapy. By combining insights from veterinary medicine, biomechanics, and physiotherapy, this interdisciplinary approach aims to enhance the understanding and practice of rehabilitation for animals.
Analysing Theoretical Models for Predicting Employee Attrition: A Comparative Study in the FMCG Sector
Authors: Mangal Vineet , Dhamija Somesh
Published: October 2023

Employee attrition—the voluntary or involuntary departure of employees—causes business problems. Increasing attrition can hurt productivity, knowledge retention, and financial performance. This study compares the Herzberg Theory, Employee Equity Model, Expectancy Theory, and Job Embeddedness Theory to discover the best turnover predictor in FMCG. 53 FMCG workers completed a questionnaire survey for the study. The participants' opinions on the company, career objectives, employment engagement, and happiness were valuable. The survey data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality testing, and correlation analyses to determine which theoretical model better described FMCG turnover. Career problems were a fundamental cause of employee turnover. Many respondents seek more challenging and career-focused workplace positions. Many workers felt their jobs offered neither intellectual challenge nor professional progress. Attrition concerns increased due to a heavy workload and project deadlines. Most workers were satisfied with their salaries and non-cash benefits, suggesting that financial incentives did not drive attrition. Employees were proud of their company and communicated well with management. Comparing theoretical models, the Herzberg Theory, which prioritizes career growth and job happiness, predicted FMCG turnover the greatest. Model of Employee Equity and Expectations The Job Embeddedness Theory helped explain attrition dynamics but did not match attrition patterns. FMCG and other knowledge-intensive companies can use our findings to reduce personnel churn. Career development, job enrichment, and intellectually stimulating workplaces can boost employee retention.
The Impact of Employee Retention Strategies on Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Manufacturers in India: An Analysis using AMO Model and ANOVA
Authors: Vineet Mangal  , Somesh Dhamija
Published: October 2023

Employee retention is crucial for companies in many industries, including FMCG. This study examines how employee retention methods affect work satisfaction and their complexity. This study uses the AMO model (abilities, motivation, and opportunity) to analyze employee retention and satisfaction. ANOVA is also used to assess the importance of different factors in employee retention. The study found five categories of factors: incidental, hygienic, secondary, primary, and vital. Incidental factors include employee participation, open communication, and continual training. Hygiene Factors include work-life balance, welfare, and incentives. Secondary variables can drive people, including rewards, teamwork, leadership, and positive work culture. A pleasant work environment, continuous performance feedback, and public recognition of accomplishments encourage employees. Competitive salary, career progression, job security, and promotion are crucial factors. The data shows that Secondary Motivational and Hygiene Factors affect employee retention the most. Rewards, teamwork, communication, and work-life balance are considerations. Incidental and Quintessential Factors also help retain employees, although Primary Motivational Factors do less. The study also explores how organization size affects employee retention. Large companies retain workers better than mid-sized ones. This may be because larger companies have more resources and better retention practices. Finally, this study shows the intricate relationship between employee motivation, satisfaction, and retention. It emphasizes the necessity of addressing cleanliness and primary and secondary motivators to encourage and satisfy employees. The findings can help FMCG and other companies improve staff retention.
A Study of Cultural Hybridity and Liminality in the Works of Hala Alyan
Authors: Pandey Sanjay Prasad , Limba Reetu
Published: October 2023

The concept of Liminality emerged from the anthropological works of Arnold Van Gennep and Victor Turner. Liminality refers to the "threshold". The liminal stage is a transitional or in-between phase of different characters and situations. In the era of postcolonialism, liminality has been applied in the context of culture. Concept of hybridity was at first used in the field of science and later in postcolonial scenario, it got associated with the mixing of cultures. Liminality theory has put a significant impact on postcolonial studies because it provides a framework for understanding the complex experiences of people who have been displaced and dislocated. In the postcolonial context, liminality and cultural hybridity are often experienced by people who have migrated from one place to another. The migrants face the challenge of adapting to a new culture while also maintaining their own cultural identity. They may also find themselves caught in a liminal state, in between two cultures, feeling like they don't fully belong to either one. On the other hand, they may feel that they belong to both cultures in equal measure and form a new hybrid culture which is mixture of the culture of their homeland and native state. The Palestinian American writer Hala Alyan’s novels and poems are full of such characters and situations which explore the themes of liminality and cultural hybridity.
Construct of 50-Meter Crawl Style Swimming Performance and The Determinant Physical Factors
Authors: Mahardika I Made Sriundy
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to achieve the following objectives, namely (1) develop a measurement construct model to evaluate performance of the 50-meter crawl style swimming, (2) establish a structural equation model to examine the relationship between physical factors and swimming technique performance, and (3) identify the determinant physical factors of performance. A total of 150 subjects were selected using the purposive random sampling technique, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 10.0 program and LISREL 8.71 for Windows. Analysis 1: The fit of the indicators used in explaining the latent variables in the study models was tested: (1) body proportion latent variable assessed through the manifests of the hip width, thigh rim, upper arm rim, forearm rim, shoulder width, elbow width, and arm length showed favorable results, with λ tcount > ttable of 1.979 (df =129.5), and construct reliability of 0.877 > 0.7, which indicated unidimensionality, (2) biomotor latent variable, represented by the manifests of strength, explosive capacity, speed, flexibility, dexterity, reaction time, balance, and coordination, also yielded positive outcomes with λ tcount > ttable of 1.979 (df =129.5), and construct reliability of 0.987 > 0.7, which indicated unidimensionality, (3) the latent variable nutrition status, assessed through the manifests of body height and weight showed satisfactory results with λ tcount > ttable of 1.979 (df =129.5), and construct reliability of 0.797 > 0.7, which demonstrated unidimensionality. Analysis 2: the testing of the model: χ2 = 201.89 at df = 176, p = 0.08810 (criterion > 0.005), RMSEA = 0.078 (criterion > 0.005), and GFI = 0.9174. These results confirmed the model fits the data. Analysis 3: The effects of the determinant physical factors on the 50-meter crawl style swimming performance were examined based on the obtained model: (1) biomotor was significantly influenced by body proportion (γ =0.2727, tcount = 3.876, ttable (df=129, α=0.05) =1.979), (2) swimming technique was affected by body proportion (tcount = 5.1830, ttable (df=129, α=0.05) =1.979, γ = 0.1262), biomotor (γ = 0.0426, tcount = 2.4403, ttable (df=129, α=0.05) =1.979), nutrition status (γ = 0.1449, tcount = 4.3174, ttable (df=129, α=0.05) =1.979), and VO2Max (γ = 0.7715, tcount = 13.1600, ttable (df=129, α=0.05) =1.979). Meanwhile, the contribution of lung volume was not significant (γ = -0.0219, tcount = 5.1830, ttable (df=129, α=0.05) =1.979), (3) performance was significantly influenced by body proportion (γ = 0.3153, tcount = 3.0275, ttable (df=129, α=0.05) =1.979) and swimming technique (γ = -0.7075, tcount = 2.0577, ttable (df=129, α=0.05) =1.979), while the contribution of endurance was insignificant (γ = 0.2474, tcount = 0.7548, ttable (df=129, α=0.05) =1.979).
Evaluation on Phytochemical Screening and Anthelmintic Potencies of Leaf Extracts of Caryota urens (L.) in Aqueous and Alcoholic Solvents
Authors: Chiduruppa Manasa , Pitchaimuthu Pandian , Konidala Sathish Kumar
Published: October 2023

Caryota urens (L.) belonging to the family of Arecaceae having synonyms as fishtail palm, kithul palm, toddy palm is a palm tree having many uses in respect to its traditional literature but with very little scientific evidences. The current research work is aimed to perform the comparative phytochemical analysis of the leaf extracts of Caryota urens in alcoholic and aqueous solvent and determine the anthelmintic potency using Pheretima posthuma as test specimens. The research was initiated by collecting the fresh plant material and its authentication then was studied for its morphological features to confirm its identity and compared its phytocompound detection in aqueous and alcoholic extracts followed by evaluation of anthelmintic efficacy in both extracts and the results are verified by studying the parameters like time of paralysis and time of death and the potency was compared with reference standard Albendazole. The alcoholic and aqueous extract of Caryota urens(L.) exhibited significant anthelmintic activity as evidenced by dose dependent paralysing time and death time. Further extensive research is required for determining their pharmacological activities.
Development of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Reddy Potha Amulya , Saravanan Kunchithapatham , Madhukar Akkala
Published: October 2023

Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. The number of people with type 2 diabetes began to rise globally in the 1990 s, and since 2000, the world has seen a dramatic increase. There is a need to assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of patients with diabetes in order to aid in future development of control programs and techniques for effective health education and patients counselling. this study was intended to develop a KAP questionnaire. It is a 27-question closed ended questionnaire with 12 knowledge, 8 attitude and 7 practice questions. Each correct answer was given a score 1 and the incorrect answer was given 0. Total scores of Knowledges, Attitude and Practice were added together to yield the final KAP score, where 25 was the highest and 0 was the least KAP score a subject could get. The questionnaire was reviewed by doctors and fellow pharmacists. Reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using “Kuder Richardson 21 (KR21)” method using a sample data of KAP score from 20 patients. After applying the formula, the scores obtained for Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and KAP were 0.71, 0.80, 0.71, and 0.75 respectively. The results show that the questionnaire is a valid instrument that allows an assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practices levels of patients with diabetes mellitus.
Heterogeneity in Physio-Chemical Traits of Milk across Buffalo Breeds in Haryana
Authors: Sharma Himani , Mishra Ratish Chandra
Published: October 2023

This research paper presents a comparative analysis of the physio-chemical properties of milk from three different buffalo breeds in Haryana, namely Murrah, Nilli-Ravi, and Surti. The study aimed to evaluate various parameters including fat content, solid not fat (SNF), total solids, protein content, density, lactose content, titratable acidity, freezing point, pH, and specific gravity. A total of 60 buffaloes, 20 from each breed, were selected for the study, and milk samples were collected twice a day, in the morning and evening. The analysis revealed significant differences among the three buffalo breeds in terms of their milk composition. The Murrah breed exhibited the highest fat content (8.02), while the Nilli-Ravi had the lowest (8.14). For SnF values, Murrah shows highest values of 9.41 and Surti buffalo shows lowest 8.78. Similarly, variations were observed in other parameters across different breeds.

These results can assist in breed selection for improved milk production, processing, and product development. Furthermore, the data obtained can serve as a valuable resource for dairy industry stakeholders, regulatory bodies, and researchers in the field of dairy science and technology. Future studies could explore the relationship between physio-chemical properties and milk yield, as well as investigating the impact of these variations on the processing and quality of dairy products.
Secondary School Teachers' Self-Efficacy Beliefs Regarding Information Technology
Authors: ÖZTUZCU Özge , MISIRLI Zeynel Abidin
Published: October 2023

Due to the rapid growth of technology, technological devices have begun to influence every aspect of our lives. In addition, technology is used extensively in education. Technology in education has several benefits, including allowing students to actively participate in lessons, creating a multi-learning environment, and making learning permanent. Therefore, teachers are expected to integrate technology into their lessons. Teachers' usage of technology tools has increased daily since the entrance of COVID-19 into our lives and the continuance of education as distance education. This research aims to determine teachers' self-efficacy in using information technologies. The survey research model was a quantitative research technique employed in this investigation. Two hundred eleven instructors employed in Balıkesir secondary schools for the academic year 2021–2022 make up the study group in this study. Teachers' self-efficacy is high due to the research; In terms of gender, age, branch, type of institution or education level, there was no noticeable difference. The conclusion reached was that there was a substantial difference based on undergraduate computer education.
Yedinci Sınıf Çokgenler Konusunda Eğitsel Oyunlarla Zenginleştirilen Matematik Öğretiminin Öğrencilerin Matematik Başarı Ve Kalıcılıklarına Etkisi
Authors: CAN Şeyda , AYDIN Şevket
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada, yedinci sınıf çokgenler konusunda eğitsel oyunlarla zenginleştirilen matematik öğretiminde; öğrencilerin matematik başarısı ve kalıcılıklarına etkisini incelemek amaç edinilmiştir. Bu amaca yönelik nicel verilerin analizi için araştırma yöntemlerinden ön-test son-test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini, Konya-Karapınar’da bir devlet okulundaki 32 yedinci sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda kontrol ve deney grubu verilerinden, akademik başarı ve kalıcılık testi puanlarının deney grubu yararına olduğu ve etki büyüklüğünün orta düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Buradan hareketle matematik kazanımlarının öğretiminde eğitsel oyun yönteminin hem akademik başarıyı artırdığı hem de bilgilerin kalıcılığında mevcut matematik öğretim metoduna kıyasla daha etkili olduğu kanısına varılmıştır.
A Meta-Synthesis Study: An Investigation of Studies on EFL Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) Competencies in Turkey
Authors: UÇAR Serpil
Published: October 2023

Technological advances have brought profound transformations into the education system. This transformation has also made it essential to use technological tools for educational aims in the 21st century. The goal of this study is to analyze a collection of studies on prospective and in-service EFL educators’ technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) competencies in Turkey regarding the purpose, method, participants, data collection tools, and findings of certain studies. The study includes meta-synthesis research to present the research tendencies on TPACK competencies of pre-service and in-service EFL teachers in Turkey. In the research, a total of 22 studies were included 11 articles and 11 theses which were published between the years 2017-2022. In light of the obtained results, it can be concluded that the research trend of the remarkable number of reviewed studies is related to the determination or measuring of TPACK perceptions and to examining the effect of demographic traits such as gender, age, and educational background on EFL teachers’ TPACK levels. In the last part of the research, practical implications and suggestions for further research were offered in detail.
Association of maternal serum calcium with neonatal birth weight in term deliveries
Authors: Afroje Shamima , Nesa Kusum Fazilatun , Siddique Sharmina , Sharmin Saria , Akter Dilruba
Published: October 2023

Background: Calcium is an essential nutrient during pregnancy that supports the growth and development of the foetus, especially because of its maternal-foetal transfer. A few previous studies reported that decreased calcium in mothers can lead to low birth weight and some other complications like pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery, and fetal low bone mineral density. We do have not enough research-based information regarding this issue. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of maternal serum calcium with neonatal birth weight in term deliveries.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Institute of Child and Mother Health (ICMH), Dhaka, Bangladesh from September 2018 to August 2019. In total 98 women attending the ICMH having an uncomplicated, singleton, term pregnancy were enrolled in this study as the study subjects. A purposive sampling technique was used in sample selection. All the demographic and clinical information were recorded. All data were processed, analyzed and disseminated by using MS Office and SPSS version 22.0 program as per necessity.   
Results: Among the pregnant mothers who regularly took calcium supplements, 98.6% had normal s. calcium levels, whereas 69.2% of those with irregular supplement intake had low serum calcium levels; the distinction was statistically significant (p<0.001). Of the 98 newborns, 72.4% had normal birth weight, averaging 2.81±0.37 kg, while 27.6% had Low birth weight. Maternal serum calcium levels correlated with birth weight, with 86.36% of low-birth-weight babies born to mothers with lower serum calcium levels and 84.21% of normal birth weight babies born to mothers with normal serum calcium levels. This correlation was statistically significant (p<0.001), showing a positive association (p<0.001) between maternal serum calcium level (mg/dl) and neonatal birth weight (kg).
Conclusions: There was a statistically significant association between maternal serum calcium level and neonatal birth weight in term deliveries where the birth weight of neonates reduces when maternal serum calcium level reduces.
Efficacy and safety of oral mifepristone on preinduction cervical ripening at term pregnancy prospective randomized control study
Authors: N. Sunanda , Gidaganti Shilpa M.
Published: October 2023

Background: Cervical ripening is important prerequisite for induction of labour, induction is indicated when it is advantageous to mother and fetus. Successful induction of labour decreases caesarean rate. Beyond term pregnancy there will be placental insufficiency, it leads to complications such as oligohydramnios thereby cord compression, birth asphyxia, increased incidence of operative delivery. Induction at term pregnancy has the potential to improve the neonatal outcomes. Aim was to study the efficacy and safety of oral mifepristone on cervical ripening prior to induction of labor at term pregnancy and to compare the feto maternal outcome with control group.
Methods: Total 112 pregnant women at term pregnancy, where pregnancy can be continued for another 48 hours with bishop score 4 or less were selected. Sample was equally divided into study group (56 women) to receive 200mg mifepristone and control Group group (56 women) to receive placebo orally. Bishop score was assessed at 24hours and 48hours. In women who did not enter labor spontaneously other modes of induction was done.
Results: There is significant improvement in bishop score at 24 hr and 48hr in study group p value 0.001, 80.35% women in study group and 50 % women in control group delivered vaginally. 33.9% women of study group and 10.7% women of control group delivered spontaneously. Requirement of PGE2 gel and oxytocin was significantly lesser in study group, there was no significant adverse effect seen on mother and newborn compared to control group.
Conclusions: Cervical ripening with mifepristone prior to induction of labour at term improves bishop score and decreases rate of failed induction and cesarean section rate, with good neonatal outcome.
Laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy vs non-descent vaginal hysterectomy in the benign diseases of the uterus: an interventional study
Authors: Mukherjee Shobha , Singh Parru , Bedi Shivani
Published: October 2023

Background: Hysterectomy is most common gynaecological surgery done for various indications varying from AUB and fibroid uterus to malignancies. There are various approaches for performing hysterectomy, ranging from laparotomy and laparoscopic to vaginal hysterectomy, in both descent and non-descent cases. Incidence of hysterectomies in India is reported to be low compared to developed countries. Most common indication for hysterectomy being excessive menstrual blood loss due to hormonal reasons or fibroids (size more often not exceeding 12 weeks). Aim of study was to compare intra-op and post-op complications between non-descent vaginal hysterectomy and laparoscopic hysterectomy and establish the better method for hysterectomy in non-descent uterus.
Methods: A prospective comparative study of 104 hysterectomies was done over a period of November 2019 to October 2020, with 52 cases each in one group of non-descent vaginal hysterectomy (NDVH) and other group of total laparoscopic hysterectomy LAVH. Demographic characteristics, indications for surgery, operative time, intra-operative blood loss, post-operative analgesia requirements, post-operative hospital stay and post-operative complications were compared between both groups.
Results: The most common age in both groups was 41-50 years. Among 104 cases undergoing NDVH and LAVH the most common indication of surgery was Fibroid and DUB. The mean operative time in NDVH group was 90.54±5.89 min while it was 127.12±12.58 min in LAVH group, and the mean blood loss in NDVH group was 108.56±7.14 ml, while it was 89.23±7.37 ml in LAVH group.  The intraoperative complication rate in NDVH was more compared to LAVH.
Conclusions: The present study concludes that NDVH can be safely offered to patients with benign gynaecological conditions and this scarless approach appears to be the preferred method of hysterectomy.  LAVH can be offered as a synergistic surgery in cases where difficulty in operative dissection is anticipated.
A comparative study of efficacy of intramuscular PGF2alpha and intramuscular oxytocin in management of third stage of labour
Authors: Agarwal Manju , Meena Saroj Kumari , Sushma
Published: October 2023

Background: The third stage of labour is most crutial stage begins with expulsion of baby and end with expulsion of placenta and membranes. The present study was conducted to evaluate the scope of using prophylactic intramuscular carboprost tromethamine in comparison with intramuscular oxytocin for active management of third stage of labor.
Methods: Patients were divided randomly into 2 groups 39 in each group. Patients assigned to group 1 received 10 units oxytocin IM and group 2 received carboprost 125 µg IM after delivery of anterior shoulder of baby. The main outcomes measured were duration of third stage of labor, mean amount of blood loss, additional oxytocic requirement, HB changes in group and side effects of drug which were used in each group.
Results: Subjects who received carboprost showed a significant reduction in duration of third stage of labor (P= 0.041), amount of blood loss (P=0.046) and requirement of additional oxytocic compared to the subject who received oxytocin 10 units.
Conclusions: Carboprost 125µg is better alternative compared to injection 10 units oxytocin in the prophylactic management of third stage of labor.
Role of mifepristone in preinduction cervical ripening and induction of labour at term: an observational study
Authors: Sahoo Ipsita , Abichandani Roshni
Published: October 2023

Background: Induction implies stimulation of uterine contractions before spontaneous onset of labour. It is indicated when the benefits to either mother or fetus outweigh those of pregnancy continuation. Of the various medical methods of induction, prostaglandins and oxytocin remain the most popular and acceptable methods in obstetric practice. Mifepristone is a steroid compound, with anti-progesterone activity. It increases uterine activity and causes cervical dilatation and effacement. We intend to study the role of oral mifepristone in preinduction cervical ripening and induction of labour in term pregnancies.
Methods: In a prospective observational study carried out from Jan 2023 to June 2023 at a zonal hospital, 100 antenatal women at term with Bishop score less than 6 participated. Tablet mifepristone 200 mg single dose was given orally for induction. All patients were assessed after 24 hours for cervical ripening, need for augmentation, mode of delivery, maternal and neonatal outcome.
Results: It was observed that there was a significant improvement in Bishop score 24 hours after giving mifepristone. Out of 100 women in the study, 82% delivered vaginally, 15% had caesarean section and 3% had instrumental delivery. 21% needed no second method of labour induction. 76% patients delivered within 48 hrs of ingestion of mifepristone. The majority of patients had good maternal and neonatal outcome.
Conclusions: Mifepristone is an effective and safe method for preinduction cervical ripening and induction of labour in term pregnancies.
Serum magnesium level at 24 to less than 37 weeks: a prospective COHORT study predicting spontaneous preterm delivery
Authors: Astha  , Divya
Published: October 2023

Background: Preterm labour is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Out of various causes, many macronutrients and micronutrients are said to have a role in pathogenesis of preterm labour, one of them is magnesium. Magnesium inhibits myometrial contractions by antagonizing calcium mediated uterine contractions. With advancement of pregnancy serum magnesium levels falls causing hyper excitability of neuromuscular junction bringing in uterine hyperactivity. The study was aimed to measure and compare the level of serum magnesium in preterm labour and normal pregnancy and to find the association of serum magnesium level with preterm labour.
Methods: This cohort observational study was done in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow and eligible participants i.e., pregnant women with singleton gestation between 24 and <37 weeks of gestation were enrolled.112 women with preterm labour and 120 with no preterm labour were taken as study and control group respectively, serum magnesium level measured and followed till delivery.
Results: The study showed mean serum magnesium level was 1.79±0.22 mg/dl in study group as compare to 1.98±0.25 mg/dl in control group and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). The value of Serum Magnesium below 1.885 mg/dl had a sensitivity of 64.8% and specificity of 66.1%.
Conclusions: We can conclude that low serum magnesium is associated with preterm labour and serum magnesium estimation in pregnancy may be a valuable marker of predicting preterm labour.
A study to evaluate prevalence of thrombocytopenia in antenatal patients
Authors: Vineetha Avula , Bhavani Kesavarapu
Published: October 2023

Background: Basically, thrombocytopenia is a hemorrhagic disorder that occurs as a result of reduced platelet counts and this study provides a concise over view about the challenges faced with the antenatals who suffer from thrombocytopenia and related issues. it usually results from various etiological factors which demand proper monitoring and timely management for better maternal and Fetal outcomes. this study focuses on the diagnosis of thromobocytopenia and the causes of it and also the effects.
Methods: Data are collected from both the antenatal women attending outpatient and inpatient department at obstetrics and gynecology department at Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore with total platelet count less than 1,50,000/ul and then they are followed and the details regarding antenatal complications, intrapartum events and fetal outcome are collected from them.
Results: Present study showed that the definite increased risk of preeclampsia, eclampsia, anemia, hypothyroidism, gestational diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, overt diabetes, obesity, preterm labor, cesarean section rate, low birth weight babies in elderly primigravidas and anemia, hypothyroidism, preterm labour, low birth babies, NICU admission in teenage primigravidas compared with pregnant in the younger age group.
Conclusions: Timely identification and management of the cause of thrombocytopenia is crucial in the antenatal group of women. Most of the cases of thrombocytopenia are incidental findings with asymptomatic patients. Proper diagnosis and timely interventions are essential for better outcomes in antenatals with thrombocytopenia. gestational thrombocytopenia appears to be the most prevalent causes.
Caesarean section under spinal and epidural anesthesia in complete atrioventricular block without a pacemaker: a rare case report
Authors: Mishra Vineet V. , Rane Priyanka H. , Choudhary Sumesh , Shah Kunur N.
Published: October 2023

Complete heart block (CHB) during pregnancy is rarely encountered. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach involving the obstetrician, cardiologist, anesthetist, and neonatologist. Treatment varies from medical management to temporary or permanent pacemaker insertion. Complete atrioventricular block comprises complete absence of AV conduction - none of the supraventricular impulses are conducted to the ventricles. Perfusing rhythm is maintained by a junctional or ventricular escape rhythm. Typically, the patient will have severe bradycardia with independent atrial and ventricular rates. The incidence is 1 in 15,000 to 20,000 live births. We successfully managed caesarean section in a pregnancy with complete atrioventricular block under spinal and epidural anesthesia without a pacemaker. Asymptomatic pregnant women with congenital complete atrioventricular block can tolerate caesarean section under spinal and epidural anesthesia without a pacemaker.
A case report of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Lewis Preeti Frank , Vinkare Pratima
Published: October 2023

Cholestasis is a condition that impairs the release of a digestive fluid called bile from liver cells. As a result, bile builds up in the in the liver, impairing liver function. The problems with bile release occur within the liver (intrahepatic), the condition is described as intrahepatic cholestasis. Intrahepatic cholestatsis of pregnancy usually becomes apparent in the third trimester of pregnancy. Bile flow returns to normal after delivery of the baby, and the signs and symptoms of the condition disappear. However, they can return during later pregnancies. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy can cause problems for the unborn baby. The condition is associated with an increased risk of premature delivery and stillbirth. Additionally, some infants born to mothers with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy have a slow heart rate and a lack of oxygen during delivery (fetal distress). Acute pancreatitis is defined as the sudden inflammation of pancreas manifested clinically by abdominal pain, nausea of dehydration that is usually self-limiting but occasionally can progress to severe disease and even death. Most cases of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy are caused by gallstone disease. It is thought with the weight and hormonal changes induced by pregnancy, gallstones are more likely to form and thus travel down the common bile duct to obstruct the pancreatic duct outflow. Another proposed mechanism for acute pancreatitis in pregnancy is high fat levels in the blood called triglycerides. Again, the hormonal changes of pregnancy can predispose certain women to developing this condition. When the triglycerides levels become too high, oxygen cannot adequately travel to the pancreas via bloodstream, and pancreatitis can ensue. Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is a rare but life-threatening complication that typically occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy. Extant studies show the low incidence of AFLP ranging from 1/7000 to 1/20000. Maternal mortality is 10% to 15%, and fetal mortality is up to 20% . The severity of this disease underscores the need for early diagnosis and management. The clinical diagnosis of AFLP is challenging, and the differential diagnoses includes other peripartum conditions such as severe viral hepatitis, pre-eclampsia, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and a low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome or thrombotic microangiopathies. The primary treatment for AFLP includes rapid pregnancy termination and symptomatic therapy. Liver transplantation has been considered a last resort. We reported the case of 20-year-old primigravida at 36 weeks of gestation who developed IHCP mimicking Acute fatty liver of pregnancy with Acute Pancreatitis, however with multidisciplinary team approach she had a good feto-maternal outcome.
Asymptomatic secondary abdominal pregnancy diagnosed 12 years after tubectomy
Authors: Bulusu Ratna , Biradar Kalavathi D. , V. Vijayalakshmi
Published: October 2023

Abdominal pregnancy is a rare obstetric complication with high maternal mortality. Advanced abdominal pregnancy is rare and accounts for 1 in 25,000 pregnancies. 32 years’ lady, P2L2, last child birth and interval tubectomy by modified Pomeroy’s method 12 years ago, reported with Amenorrhoea of two months with vague lower abdominal pain since 2 days. Ultrasonography (USG) abdomen and pelvis showed an extrauterine viable pregnancy of 20+ weeks POG with no hemoperitoneum. she travelled 4 hours by road to her hometown, for second opinion and was referred back to our institution. A laparotomy was done; hemoperitoneum of 1.5 litres was noted. The sac with the live foetus inside with placental implantation seen on entire left fallopian tube except the fimbrial end and a small portion of omentum was noted. Left salpingectomy with excision of the sac with the foetus along with partial omentectomy was performed. Patient received two units of PRBC postoperatively.
An insight into the placental morphology in a case of Edwards syndrome
Authors: Maheshwari Rashi , Sharma Sonam , Zaheer Sufian , Ranga Sunil
Published: October 2023

Certain histomorphological features of the placenta can suggest, although not diagnose, the presence of abnormal karyotype in cases of chromosomal anomalies in the fetus. However, data correlating placental histology and abnormal fetal karyotype is scarce. Here, in this article, we wanted to enlighten the readers about the importance of the placental morphology in chromosomal aberrations by presenting a case of a 22-year-old primigravida who at 8 weeks of gestation had a regular prenatal check-up. Over a period of time, the ultrasound study at 21 weeks of gestation revealed a single live intrauterine fetus in a breech position with polyhydramnios, strawberry-shaped skull, and other features. Amniocentesis revealed that the fetus was having Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18). The placental examination showed areas of sclerosis and congestion with a single umbilical artery.
Magnetic resonance imaging in pelvic endometriosis with surgical correlation: a pictorial review
Authors: Jindal Gunjan , Kalpdev Arun , Shrivastava Amit , Jain Simran , Mann Srishti
Published: October 2023

Endometriosis is a common gynaecological problem, primarily affecting women of reproductive age. Most common site of endometriosis is ovaries. Extra ovarian sites include uterine ligaments, fallopian tubes, rectosigmoid, laparotomy or C-section scars and urinary bladder. There can be formation of ovarian endometriotic cysts or deep infiltrating endometriosis. The role of MRI is in the evaluation of deep or more complex disease as it enables a large field of view, superior contrast resolution and multiplanar capabilities as compared to ultrasound. In this article, we are describing MRI imaging appearances of endometriomas and deep pelvic endometriosis in the form of a pictorial essay.
Outcome of conjunctival flap surgery in case of non-healing corneal ulcer in a multi-specialty eye hospital of Northern Bangladesh
Authors: Khaja M. Kamruzzaman , Islam Khairul , Islam M. Mahmud U. , Tumpa Sonia A. , Huq M. Sajidul
Published: October 2023

Background: This retrospective study evaluates the outcomes of conjunctival flap surgery for non-healing corneal ulcers at a tertiary eye hospital that were resistant to medical treatment.
Methods: The study included 47 eyes of 47 patients with deep corneal ulcers who underwent conjunctival flap surgery in a multi-specialty eye hospital between April 2020 and January 2022. The follow-up period was 12 months. Primary outcome measures included the restoration of ocular surface integrity, while secondary outcomes assessed improvements in visual acuity and postoperative complications.
Results: Among the 47 patients, 30 (63.82%) were male, and 17 (36.17%) were female, with a mean age of 52.13±14.91 years. The mean ulcer diameter was 4.52±2.02 mm, and the mean ulcer depth was 65±22.20% of the corneal thickness. An anatomic cure was achieved in 34 (72.34%) of the 47 eyes. Three eyes that failed to respond to conjunctival flap surgery required evisceration. Postoperative visual acuity improved in 15 eyes with peripheral ulcers. Common postoperative complications included flap retraction, flap necrosis, granuloma formation, and perforation.
Conclusions: Conjunctival flap surgery is an effective treatment for non-healing corneal ulcers, providing ocular surface integrity and supporting corneal healing. It can potentially eliminate the need for emergency penetrating keratoplasty or prepare the eye for future optical keratoplasty.
Assessing the efficacy of modified Marshall scoring system in severity assessment of acute pancreatitis in comparison to Ranson score at tertiary centre
Authors: Vashistha Aakansha , Khandelwal Radha Govind , Om Prabha , Rundla Manish
Published: October 2023

Background: Early determination of severity of acute pancreatitis is essential for prediction of prognosis and proper treatment selection. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Modified Marshall scoring system in evaluating severity in acute pancreatitis at admission.
Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted at SMS medical college, Jaipur from May 2019 to September 2021 with a sample size of 60 patients. Modified Marshall Score and Ranson’s score were done at admission and 48 hours respectively for same patient.
Results: Most patients (31.66%) were among age group 31-45 years (mean age 43.95±16.28 years) with slight female (51.55%) preponderance. The mean hospital stay was 4.883±3.405 days with maximum mortality in first week (6/8). All patients with mild pancreatitis under Modified Marshall score were discharged uneventfully while patients with severe pancreatitis, 8 (25%) died. Respiratory system failure (48.33%) was most commonly involved followed by renal (16.66%) and cardiovascular system (11.66%). Single organ failure (35%) had no mortality while 2/3 patients with all three-organ system failure died. The AUC value of ROC curve (0.863) (p<0.001) showed that Modified Marshall score is a significant predictor for severity of acute pancreatitis. The correlation coefficient was strongly positive and statistically significant (p<0.001) for the relationship between Ranson’s score, Modified Marshall score and hospital stay.
Conclusions: Modified Marshall Score is simple and equally effective tool for predicting severity and prognosis early in the course of disease. Therefore, it prevents delay in aggressive treatment of critically ill patient and would contribute to decrease mortality.