bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variation of Shear Wave Elastography With Preload in the Thyroid
Authors: Ozturk Arinc , Zubajlo Rebecca E. , Dhyani Manish , Grajo Joseph R. , Mercaldo Nathaniel , Anthony Brian W. , Samir Anthony E.
Published: September 2020

Objectives

Thyroid shear wave elastography (SWE) has been shown to have advantages compared to biopsy or other imaging modalities in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. However, studies show variability in its assessment. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether stiffness measurements of the normal thyroid, as estimated by SWE, varied due to preload force or the pressure applied between the transducer and the patient.

Methods

In this study, a measurement system was attached to the ultrasound transducer to measure the applied load. Shear wave elastographic measurements were obtained from the left lobe of the thyroid at applied transducer forces between 2 and 10 N. A linear mixed‐effects model was constructed to quantify the association between the preload force and stiffness while accounting for correlations between repeated measurements within each participant. The preload force effect on elasticity was modeled by both linear and quadratic terms to account for a possible nonlinear association between these variables.

Results

Nineteen healthy volunteers without known thyroid disease participated in the study. The participants had a mean age ± SD of 36 ± 8 years; 74% were female; 74% had a normal body mass index; and 95% were white non‐Hispanic/Latino. The estimated elastographic value at a 2‐N preload force was 16.7 kPa (95% confidence interval, 14.1–19.3 kPa), whereas the value at 10 N was 29.9 kPa (95% confidence interval, 24.9–34.9 kPa).

Conclusions

The preload force was significantly and nonlinearly associated with SWE estimates of thyroid stiffness. Quantitative standardization of preload forces in the assessment of thyroid nodules using elastography is an integral factor for improving the accuracy of thyroid nodule evaluation.
Effectiveness of different approaches for in situ measurements of organic carbon using visible and near infrared spectrometry in the Poyang Lake basin area
Authors: Yang Meihua , Chen Songchao , Li Hongyi , Zhao Xiaomin , Shi Zhou
Published: September 2020

Research on soil carbon dynamics and content in the Poyang Lake basin area is important because of their effects on the soil carbon pool and soil carbon cycle. Visible and near infrared (VNIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy can provide analytical dense soil data reflecting multiple physical and chemical properties of soil under in situ conditions. The effective use of in situ VNIR in the Poyang Lake basin area would greatly improve the collection of high‐resolution and spatially explicit soil data and, thus, hasten the monitoring process. We collected two data sets S1 and S2 in 2016–2018. A dataset from S1 was used to develop the in situ correction matrix using laboratory and in situ spectra. Spectra from the Chinese Soil Spectroscopic Database (CSSD) and dataset of S1 in dry laboratory conditions were used for calibration (CSSD‐local calibration). The dataset from S2 was utilized as the validation dataset. Four in situ correction methods, external parameter orthogonalization (EPO), piecewise direct standardization, direct standardization, and generalized least squares weighting, were used to remove the in situ effect on the spectra. In addition, partial least squares regression and support vector machine (SVM), were used to test the effectiveness of the prediction. We also compared the prediction results by calibration of the CSSD, CSSD‐local and CSSD combined with four in situ samples from the validation datasets with extra‐weighting (CSSD‐EX). The results showed that EPO was the most effective method for removing the in situ effect. EPO and SVM with the calibration of CSSD‐EX yielded the best prediction result with the lowest root mean squared error at 1.71 g kg−1 and the highest Lin's concordance correlation coefficient at 0.88. The CSSD with EPO and SVM would allow the in situ estimation of soil organic carbon in the Poyang Lake basin area at a reasonable cost.
The Effect of Calibration Method on Repeatability and Reproducibility of Pressure Mat Data in a Canine Population
Authors: Rincon Alvarez Javier , Anesi Simone , Czopowicz Michał , Corr Sandra A.
Published: September 2020

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the repeatability and reproducibility of two different pressure-sensitive walkway calibration protocols, while collecting gait data from a heterogenous group of dogs.

Study Design Fourteen dogs were walked across a high-definition pressure-sensitive walkway (Tekscan Strideway HRSW3) to obtain five valid trials from each dog. Two different calibration protocols were created following manufacturer recommendations: human step and phantom step using a custom-built three-legged device. Each calibration protocol was repeated five times, by three different operators, and then individually applied to the raw canine gait data. The software then automatically generated values for peak vertical force, vertical impulse and peak pressure for each trial.

Results To control for the different bodyweight of the dogs, forces are reported as a percentage of bodyweight. Values for peak vertical force percentage of bodyweight, vertical impulse percentage of bodyweight and peak pressure were significantly different between calibration protocols, but the results were linearly correlated. Both calibration protocols were highly repeatable and highly reproducible.

Conclusion Both the step and phantom calibration protocols individually generated highly repeatable and reproducible results, which were not affected by different operators. A linear correlation was identified which may make it possible to apply a correction factor to enable comparison of results between different studies.
Language transmission among multilingual Chinese immigrant families in the Northern Netherlands
Authors: Daussà Eva J. , Qian Yeshan
Published: September 2020

Maintaining heritage languages is of vital significance for multicultural families. We present a study of Mandarin transmission among ten Dutch Chinese families in Groningen (Netherlands) associated to a local Saturday school. Data from semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire reveal that personal, integrative, and instrumental values, all play a role in language choices. Remarkably, with general positive attitudes towards multilingualism in Dutch society, families too feel encouraged to maintain Mandarin. Nevertheless, they report lack of school and institutional support, and criticisms about their ability to belong in Dutch society. Parents wish that teachers attached more importance to their heritage languages, rather than solely focusing on children’s learning of Dutch (and English), and that their own multiculturality (not only that of their children) be embraced. Likewise, parents are critical of the Chinese school, and wish teachers better accommodated to the sensitivities and practices their children are used to from their Dutch school experience.
Transmission of Japanese as a heritage language in the bilingual polity of Catalonia
Authors: Fukuda Makiko
Published: September 2020

This study explores the transmission of Japanese in Japanese-Catalan/Spanish speaking families in Catalonia from the perspective ofFamily Language Policy. Based on the data obtained through in-depth interviews with nine Japanese-speaking parents whose spouses are Catalan native speakers, we describe these families’ language policies in terms of how they shed light on how parents cope with transmitting Japanese in such contexts. One of the most striking findings of this study is that socially weaker languages – namely Japanese and Catalan – have an important presence in most of the participants’ families despite the use of Spanish between the parents in their home. The result of our analysis also suggests that parental beliefs and attitudes have a significant influence on their language practice and the maintenance of the heritage language (HL) at home.
Translanguaging as ideology: Responding to social and linguistic diversity in the classroom of Japanese as a heritage
language schools in England
Authors: Mulvey Nahoko
Published: September 2020

This paper investigates how ideological orientations shape the programmes and curriculum of Japanese as a heritage
language (JHL) schools in England as well as teachers’ practices and attitudes in response to social diversity in such settings.
This paper is a result of a linguistic ethnography which explores subjective perspectives constructed locally by people in JHL
schools. Japanese communities overseas tend to be regarded as homogenous. However, in the contemporary world of mobility,
connectivity and diversity they exhibit heterogeneity. This paper argues that JHL schools emerged as a response to educational
needs arising from heterogeneity amongst Japanese migrants and that further diversification is occurring within JHL schools.
Consequently, these schools and their teachers need ways to manage diversity in the classroom. Translanguaging is examined as a
strategy for inclusion and also as a positive ideological orientation towards differences.
Histopathological Findings in Nail Clippings With Periodic Acid-Schiff–Positive Fungi
Authors: Mishlab Salih , Avitan-Hersh Emily , Bergman Reuven
Published: September 2020

Background:

Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) staining of nail clippings is an adjunct diagnostic tool for onychomycosis.

Objective:

To detect histopathological findings as clues to the presence of PAS-positive (+) fungal elements in nail clippings.

Methods:

Four hundred sixteen consecutive nail clippings suspected of onychomycosis were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and with PAS stains. All cases were studied histopathologically. The clinical files of the cases with neutrophils were reviewed.

Results:

PAS+ staining for fungi were demonstrated in 159 (38%) of the nail clippings. Neutrophils, parakeratosis, plasma globules, and bacteria were observed in 43 (27%), 108 (67%), 80 (50%), and 80 (50%) of the PAS+ cases, respectively, and in 17 (6%), 109 (41%), 84 (32%) and 140 (54%) of the PAS− cases, respectively (P < 0.01). Neutrophils showed by far the highest specificity (93%), although with low sensitivity (27%) for the presence of PAS+ fungi. Among the 43 PAS+ and 17 PAS− specimens with neutrophils, only 1 (2.3%) and 3 (17%) had overt psoriasis, respectively.

Conclusion:

Neutrophils in nail clippings may serve as a clue for onychomycosis. PAS staining with neutrophils is not necessarily associated with psoriasis.
Blood pressure excursions in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis
Authors: Tsivgoulis Georgios , Katsanos Aristeidis H. , Mandava Pitchaiah , Köhrmann Martin , Soinne Lauri , Barreto Andrew D. , Sharma Vijay K. , Mikulik Robert , Muir Keith W. , Rothlisberger Travis , Grotta James C. , Levi Christopher R. , Molina Carlos A. , Saqqur Maher , Mavridis Dimitris , Psaltopoulou Theodora , Vosko Milan R. , Fiebach Jochen B. , Sandset Else Charlotte , Kent Thomas A. , Alexandrov Anne W. , Schellinger Peter D. , Alexandrov Andrei V.
Published: September 2020

Objective:

To investigate the association of blood pressure BP excursions, defined as greater than 185 SBP or greater than 105 DBP, with the probability of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and worse functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA).

Methods:

We performed a post hoc analysis of the CLOTBUST-ER trial. Serial BP measurements were conducted using automated cuff recording according to the recommended BP protocol guidelines for tPA administration. The outcomes were prespecified efficacy and safety endpoints of CLOTBUST-ER.

Results:

The mean number of serial BP recordings per patient was 37. Of the 674 patients, 227 (34%) had at least one BP excursion (>185/105 mmHg) during the first 24 h following tPA-bolus. The majority of BP excursions (46%) occurred within the first 75 min from tPA-bolus. Patients with at least one BP excursion in the first 24 h following tPA bolus had significantly lower rates of independent functional outcome at 90 days (31 vs. 40.1%, P = 0.028). The total number of BP excursions was associated with decreased odds of 24-h clinical recovery (OR = 0.88, 95% CI:0.80–0.96), 24-h neurological improvement (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81–0.94), 7-day functional improvement (common OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87–0.97), 90-day functional improvement (common OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.88–0.98) and 90-day independent functional outcome (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.82–0.98) in analyses adjusted for potential confounders. DBP excursions were independently associated with increased odds of any intracranial hemorrhage (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.04–1.53).

Conclusion:

BP excursions above guideline thresholds during the first 24 h following tPA administration for AIS are common and are independently associated with adverse clinical outcomes.
Universal Depression Screen of Ambulatory Heart Transplant Recipients With Referral for Mental Health Intervention
Authors: Peters Laura L. , Ambardekar Amrut V. , Rosenthal Laura D. , McIlvennan Colleen K.
Published: September 2020

Background:

Patients with a heart transplant and depression have higher rates of graft failure and noncompliance.

Local Problem:

The heart transplant clinic had no standardized approach to assess for depression.

Methods:

The heart transplant clinic implemented routine use of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ).

Interventions:

Team members were educated via an online module about depression. A process for depression screening and follow-up was developed and implemented.

Results:

From July 2018 to February 2019, there were 834 visits; PHQ2 screens were completed during 779 (93%) of those visits with 40 (5%) positive screens. All 40 patients had PHQ9 assessment, with 33 patients (4%) exhibiting moderate or severe depressive symptoms. All 33 patients were provided with mental health resources and received follow-up. Median time to administer PHQ2 was 2 minutes (range 1-3 minutes).

Conclusions:

Implementation of universal depression screening in a heart transplant clinic is feasible, identifies patients with depression, and does not add significant clinical burden.
Regarding Investment in a Healthier Future: Impact of the 2012 Institute of Medicine Finance Report
Authors: Orr Jason M. , Leider Jonathon P. , Singh Simone , Balio Casey P. , Yeager Valerie A. , Bekemeier Betty , McCullough J. Mac , Resnick Beth
Published: September 2020

Context:

Governments at all levels work to ensure a healthy public, yet financing, organization, and delivery of public health services differ across the United States. A 2012 Institute of Medicine Finance report provided a series of recommendations to ensure a high-performing and adequately funded public health infrastructure.

Objectives:

This review examines the influence of the Finance report's 10 recommendations on public health policy and practice.

Design:

This review utilized peer-reviewed and gray literature published since 2012.

Eligibility Criteria:

Documents that address at least one of the Finance report's 10 recommendations and contain information on either official actions taken in response to the Finance report or evidence of the report's influence on the practice community.

Results:

Of 2394 unique documents found, a total of 56 documents met the eligibility criteria. Review of these 56 documents indicated that the most substantial activity related to the recommendations was focused on the “minimum package of public health services” concept and establishment of a uniform chart of accounts.

Discussion:

Progress has been mixed on the Finance report recommendations. Improved tracking and auditing of public health activity appears to be advancing, yet financial benchmarks remain unmet. Challenges remain in determining actual investment in public health and equitable resource allocation approaches. State and local health department use of cost estimation methodology and a uniform chart of accounts tool has contributed to an increase in understanding and improvement in public health spending.

Conclusions:

The Finance report has served as a strong impetus for advocating for an increased investment in governmental public health. Efforts are bolstered by informed public health practitioners and stakeholders but often stymied by policy makers who must balance complex competing issues and priorities. Although many successes have occurred, further work is needed toward improving investment in the nation's public health.
The Effects of the Affordable Care Act on Health Access Among Adults Aged 18-64 Years With Chronic Health Conditions in the United States, 2011-2017
Authors: Dai Hongying , Khan Ali S.
Published: September 2020

Context:

The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) eliminated the restrictions on preexisting conditions for health care coverage. Little is known about the effects of the ACA on health care access among individuals with chronic health conditions.

Objective:

To determine how the implementations of the ACA affected health care access for adults with chronic health conditions.

Design, Setting, and Participants:

Data from respondents aged 18 to 64 years to the 2011-2017 nationally representative Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BFRSS) who reported preexisting chronic health conditions (n = 1 133 609). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the changes in health care access from 2011-2013 (before the ACA) to 2015-2017 (after the ACA), overall and by sociodemographic groups.

Main Outcomes Measures:

Self-reported access to health care coverage, skipped doctor visits because of cost issues, and having a routine checkup in the past 12 months.

Results:

The percentage of adults with chronic health conditions having no health care coverage declined from 19.7% before the ACA to 11.9% after the ACA (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.5], P < .001), the percentage of skipped doctor visits because of cost declined from 24.6% to 20.0% (AOR = 0.8, P < .001), and the percentage with an annual routine checkup increased from 69.6% to 72.5% (AOR = 1.1, P < .001). The improvements in health care access were pronounced across sociodemographic groups after the ACA, especially among some disadvantaged groups (ie, young adults, non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics, and those with low income and low education). However, substantial disparities in health care access persisted, especially among individuals with low socioeconomic status.

Conclusions:

This study identifies substantial improvements in health care access among adults with chronic health conditions after ACA implementation, especially among disadvantaged populations.
Prevalence of Concussion-Related Policies and Practices Among Public School Districts in the United States, 2012 and 2016
Authors: Miller Gabrielle F. , DePadilla Lara , Jones Sherry Everett , Lionbarger Michael , Thigpen Sally
Published: September 2020

Background:

Beginning in 2009, there was an increase in the number of states with laws addressing 3 different components of youth sports-related concussion prevention and management: concussion education, removal from play, and medical clearance requirements before allowing an athlete to return to play. Schools are an important setting to implement policies and practices related to concussions, as many youth participate in organized sports through school venues.

Objective:

To examine whether the prevalence of concussion-related policies and practices adopted by school districts changed from 2012 to 2016.

Methods:

This study used nationally representative data from the 2012 and 2016 School Health Policies and Practices Study to examine whether the prevalence of 4 concussion-related policies and practices changed during 2012 and 2016 and whether comprehensive policies changed during the same time frame. Comprehensive policies were defined as those that address removal from play after injury, medical clearance before returning to play, and concussion-related educational materials and sessions for parents and student athletes.

Results:

Among school districts nationwide, the prevalence of each of the 4 concussion-related policies and practices significantly increased during 2012 and 2016. The prevalence of comprehensive policies significantly increased from 51.6% in 2012 to 66.7% in 2016. While these findings are promising, it is important to note that one-third of districts still lacked comprehensive policies in 2016 and only 71% of districts provided educational sessions in 2016.

Conclusions:

The findings in this study highlight improvements in school districts nationwide in adopting concussion-related policies and practices. Policies such as requiring educational sessions allow parents and student athletes to learn about concussions and understand the importance of reporting a concussion or concussion symptoms.
Supporting Increased Local Health Department Accreditation: Qualitative Insights From Accredited Small Local Health Departments
Authors: Yeager Valerie A. , Leider Jonathon P. , Saari Chelsey K. , Kronstadt Jessica
Published: September 2020

Accredited health departments now cover 80% of the US population. A relatively modest proportion of these are small local health departments (LHDs), serving fewer than 50 000 people. Despite comprising more than half of all health departments, only 2% of small LHDs are accredited. This brief report is a qualitative inquiry into the enablers of accreditation for small LHDs. We interviewed health department and accreditation leaders from 9 accredited small local LHDs. Interviews were transcribed, verified, and coded by 2 coders. We found that dedicated funding, prework, clear expectations, and peer examples were strong enablers of accreditation for these groups. Additional resources specific to small LHDs may be necessary to expedite application processes and encourage greater uptake from this group.
Association of Hydroxychloroquine use and Hemolytic Anemia in Patients With Low Levels of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
Authors: Ramirez de Oleo Ivan Emil , Mejia Saldarriaga Mateo , Johnson Beverly K.
Published: September 2020

Background

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) is linked to hemolytic anemia with certain medications and is the most common enzyme deficiency worldwide. Although the American College of Rheumatology does not recommend routine testing for G6PD prior to initiation of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), the package insert for HCQ does recommend careful use in patients with G6PD deficiency.

Methods

We identified eligible subjects seen at our tertiary care, urban medical center between 1997 and 2018. Case records were analyzed for G6PD deficiency, HCQ use, length of exposure to HCQ, demographic characteristics, and laboratory evidence of hemolysis.

Results

We found 5264 patients who were prescribed HCQ, of which 49.5% (2605 patients) were screened for G6PD deficiency. Of the screened patients, 36 were found to be G6PD-deficient. Of the G6PD-deficient patients, 18 were exposed to HCQ. No evidence of hemolysis was found in these exposed patients.

Conclusions

Despite more than 500 months of cumulative exposure time to HCQ, there were no cases of hemolysis. These findings are in line with recently published data and suggest that this interaction is not associated with clinically significant hemolysis in our population of mainly African American and Hispanic patients. Limitations to our study are potential bias due to case review design and lack of prior assessment of episodes of hemolysis before HCQ exposure. A high proportion of our patients were Hispanic, suggesting no increase of adverse events in this subgroup. A larger longitudinal trial would be needed to definitively answer the question of the safety of HCQ in G6PD-deficient patients.
Ebola, COVID‐19 and Africa: What we expected and what we got
Authors: Sasidharan Shibu , Dhillon Harpreet Singh
Published: September 2020

Democratic Republic of the Congo’s fight with Ebola was just settling when WHO declared COVID‐19 to be a global pandemic on March 12, 2020. This has caused concomitant setbacks in the treatment and control of major health issues like HIV, tuberculosis, measles, and malaria in the country. This, coupled with civil unrest and risk to the safety of the health workers, is a 'perfect storm' waiting to unfold. Military contingents as peacekeepers are having the most difficult time, handling the situation, in the wake of risks involved.
Understanding and remedying the performance of doctors in training
Authors: Siriwardena Aloysius Niroshan
Published: September 2020

How can we enable more comprehensive and holistic assessment of medical performance to support underperforming trainees? This commentary provides a useful mnemonic: SKIPE
Giving a voice to patient experiences through the insights of pragmatism
Authors: Deering Kris , Williams Jo , Stayner Kay , Pawson Chris
Published: September 2020

As a philosophical position, pragmatism can be critiqued to distinguish truth only with methods that bring about desired results, predominantly with scientific enquiry. The article hopes to dismiss this oversimplification and propose that within mental health nursing, enquiry enlightened by pragmatism can be anchored to methods helping to tackle genuine human problems. Whilst pragmatists suggest one reality exists, fluctuating experiences and shifting beliefs about the world can inhabit within; hence, pragmatists propose reality has the potential to change. Moreover, pragmatism includes being cognisant of what works to whom reality concerns, making reality context‐driven, with a view to understand how actions shape experiences so what is generated has usefulness. Hence, it somewhat follows pragmatism can inform mental health nursing, after all, nursing is a discipline of action, and awareness is needed in how actions produce experiences that patients find helpful. Given the principles of recovery are preferably adopted in mental health care, the paper will explore how pragmatism can help nurses move towards that goal; specifically, with patients voicing their experiences. This is because like pragmatism, recovery subscribes to hope that reality can progress, and through meaningful experiences and beliefs, patients have expertise about personal difficulties alongside how life may flourish, despite mental illness.
The HLA‐A*02:01:175 allele newly identified in a Korean hematopoietic stem cell donor by next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Lee Seung Yeob , Kim Soo Hyun , Shin Myung Geun , Choi Hyun‐Jung
Published: September 2020

HLA‐A*02:01:175 has a single synonymous nucleotide polymorphism when compared with HLA‐A*02:01:01:01 [c165.G>C].
A sweeping-micellar electrokinetic chromatography method for the detection of three chlorophenols in cosmetic samples
Authors: Zheng Zhihan , Li Xiaobin , Gao Fangfang , Liu Huitao , Gao Yuan
Published: September 2020

A sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography (sweeping-MEKC) enrichment model was established for the determination of three chlorophenols (CPs) in cosmetics, namely, bithionol, pentachlorophenol (PCP), and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP). The optimum electrophoretic conditions were 20 mM NaH2PO4-80 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and 30% (v/v) acetonitrile (pH 2.3). The optimum on-line concentration conditions were as follows: sample matrix, 100 mM NaH2PO4; pressure injection at 20.67 kPa (3 psi) for 25 s. The linear range of bithionol, PCP, and 2,4,6-TCP are 0.20–4.00 μg mL−1, 0.10–2.00 μg mL−1, and 0.05–2.00 μg mL−1 respectively, with correlation coefficient (r) over 0.9972. The limits of detection (LOD) based on three times the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N = 3) are in the range of 0.0061–0.024 μg mL−1. Recoveries for the three CPs in powder and lotion samples are between 79.7 and 110.2% with relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.38–5.54% and 92.2–121.3% with RSD of 0.72–6.09%, respectively. The proposed method can provide reference for the determination of trace CPs in different sample matrix.
Self-Learning Strategy in Teaching Speech Skills to Face COVID 19/ استراتيجية التعلم الذاتي في تعليم مهارات الكلام لمواجهة COVID 19
Authors: Mufidah Nuril , Mohammad Idrees Mohammad Umar Hafiz
Published: September 2020

Education has new requirements for teaching the individual how to teach himself by himself to continuous education and lifelong learning. Self-regulated learning is one of the central axes to accommodate these rapid and successive developments, mainly when global crises occurred. Self-regulated learning can help students become independent learners to achieve their goals. It can also reach distinctive performance, especially for developing the linguistic skills represented in speech skills, whose impact appears daily through effective human communication, whether oral or written communication. The research technique used is a literature study. This study aims to shed light on the self-regulated learning strategy to developing speaking skills, and its implications, in terms of the effects of the Corona pandemic (COVID 19) on various educational activities. Also, clarifying what is meant by speech and developing his skills, and knowing the learning strategy and how to use it in developing speech skills. The problem-solving strategy is considered one of the essential self-learning strategies. The learner independently develops his skills and knowledge by searching for practical solutions to real problems by relying on oneself. Self-regulated learning is considered a successful method for developing speech skills. The student's performance as the independent learner can be measured through his various daily social activities in order to help him evaluate his strategies followed and choose the most difficult ones to achieve the goals of the self-education process, and to reach the required level of language skill.
Konvergensi Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Kota dan Kabupaten Klaster Metropolitan Jawa Timur
Authors: Atmasari Nanda Mutya , Priyono Teguh Hadi , Viphindrartin Sebastiana
Published: September 2020

The determination of the territorial clusters serves as the target of territorial development policies in order to increase equitable distribution of economic, infrastructure, social and cultural growth throughout East Java. This study aims to determine whether there is a decline in the economic growth gap every year (sigma convergence) and whether there is an acceleration of low economic growth to high economic growth (convergence beta) in the cities and districts of the East Java metropolitan cluster on 2015-2018. This research uses secondary data. The analytical method used in this study is convergence analysis and panel data regression analysis. The results showed that there was no decrease in the economic growth gap every year (sigma convergence) and there was no acceleration of low economic growth to high economic growth (beta convergence) in cities and districts of the East Java metropolitan cluster on 2015-2018. The estimation results of the regression analysis for beta convergence, both absolute and conditional, also show that there is no convergence in cities and districts in the East Java metropolitan cluster in the research year. The HDI and PMTB variables have not been able to encourage convergence of economic growth in cities and regencies in the metropolitan cluster of East Java. .
Peran Sumber Daya Pada Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Daerah Perbatasan Timor Leste
Authors: Oki Kamilaus Konstanse , Pangastuti Margareta Diana
Published: September 2020

Economic growth is an important indicator of the success of development. The ability of resources is a determining factor driving economic growth. Belu Regency is a regency in East Nusa Tenggara Province, located on the Indonesia-Timor Leste border, has economic and political strategic value. Human resources, natural resources and the budget are the real sector of the economy in driving economic growth. The research objective was to analyze the effect of resources on the economic growth of Belu district. The study was conducted using secondary data and SmartPLS was the analysis tool. The results of the study, the relationship of natural resources directly with welfare is negative and will be positive when the indirect relationship through the budget. The direct and indirect relationship of human resources with welfare through the budget is positive, but the direct value relationship is smaller when compared to the indirect relationship. This shows that the budget that is formed from the wealth of natural resources and human resources is an important factor in creating public welfare as measured through economic growth. Budgets sourced from local and central government are increasing every year. The creation of the government and elements of society make the most of resources. The attention of the central government through balancing funds is very high. This is because Belu district located on the Indonesia-Timor Leste border is a macroeconomic picture of the border country
Pengembangan Ekowisata Sungai Berbasis Masyarakat di Desa Pela Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Nala I Wayan Lanang , Indriani Novita
Published: September 2020

Abstract

The uniqueness of natural biodiversity in East Kalimantan is a great potential to be developed as tourist attraction, especially related to ecotourism. Pesut Mahakam as one of the uniqueness is a kind mammal that lives in the water. Unlike the dolphins and whales, Pesut Mahakam or its Latin name Orcaella brevirostris lives in fresh water found in rivers and lakes in tropical and subtropical regions. In the past, pesut was mostly found along the Mahakam River in East Kalimantan, so that they were determined to be the identical fauna of East Kalimantan. However, its currently population were significanlyt declining so that the Pesut Mahakam is categorized as a protected animal because it is worried that the population will continue to decline.

Tourism is recognised as a tool for conserving the existence of protected animal such as Pesut Mahakam. The development of ecotourism in river area, wish to protect the existance of this protected animals and its ecosystem while educating the community through the development of community based tourism. This study aims to identify the potential of tourism resources in Muara Pela area, which is one of roaming and feeding area of Pesut Mahakam and also other natural and cultural potentials that can be holistically developed into community-based ecotourism.

This research was conducted using a participatory approach to the community around Muara Pela by assisting the community in the preparation of community-based tourism development programs.

 Keywords: community based tourism, orcaella brevirostris, ecotourism
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KECEPATAN TERHADAP KECELAKAAN LALU-LINTAS DI KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Rahmani Huddan , Gazali Akhmad , Jarkawi Jarkawi , Ramli Muhammad Isran
Published: September 2020

Many factors cause traffic accidents where the driving speed is one of the main causes, and this is known from several studies conducted in universities in the city of Banjarmasin, which chronologically the accident events mostly stated that the vehicles involved in the accident were driven at high speed. The results of recording the speed on the road segment studied violations exceeding the speed limit that is at night before dawn, and this applies to almost all types of vehicles in both directions of the lane at that time the traffic volume decreases. The majority of respondents think that high speed "speeding" is very likely 88.40% resulting in accidents that injure others and themselves. Regarding speed restrictions on all road segments to reduce accidents to the perpetrators, respondents said 83.99% were subject to sanctions, and argued that the potential consequences of behavior beyond the speed limit were very harmful and dangerous, 71.7%. And the main cause of motorists doing "speeding" is to reach their destination on time and even faster, 79.7%.

Banyak faktor penyebab kecelakaan lalu-lintas dimana kecepatan berkendaraan merupakan salah satu penyebab utamanya, ini diketahui dari beberapa penelitian yang dilakukan diperguruan tinggi di Kota Banjarmasin yang pada kronologis kejadian kecelakaannya sebagian besar menyebutkan bahwa kendaraan yang terlibat kecelakaan tersebut dipacu dengan kecepatan tinggi. Hasil dari pencatatan kecepatan pada segmen jalan yang diteliti terjadi pelanggaran melebihi batas kecepatan yaitu pada malam menjelang subuh, ini berlaku hampir pada semua jenis kendaraan dikedua arah jalur pada saat itu volume lalu-lintas berkurang. Mayoritas responden berpendapat bahwa berkecepatan tinggi “ngebut” sangat mungkin 88,40% berakibat menyebabkan kecelakaan yang mencederai orang lain dan diri sendiri. Terkait dengan pembatasan kecepatan pada semua segmen jalan untuk mengurangi kecelakaan terhadap pelakunya responden mengatakan 83,99% dikenakan sanksi, serta berpendapat bahwa potensi akibat perilaku melampaui batas kecepatan sangat merugikan dan membahayakan, 71,7%. Dan penyebab utama pengendara kendaraan bermotor melakukan “ngebut” adalah untuk mencapai tujuan tepat waktu dan bahkan bisa lebih cepat, 79,7%.
ANALYSIS OF SPEED AND SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGY FACTORS OF SPEEDING BEHAVIOUR ON DRIVERS IN DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Kusuma Andyka , Maulina Dewi , Hutami Almatrisa Mustika
Published: September 2020

Increased vehicle speed will affect the increase in reaction time and distance to stop and the increased possibility of errors that can be done by the driver. The most common cause of accidents faced by many countries is a high speed and exceeding permitted limits because they contribute to the problem of the number and number of fatalities of accident victims. Setting the maximum speed limit can reduce the risk of accidents. The higher the speed, the greater the stop distance needed, and the risk of accidents increases.

Kecepatan kendaraan yang meningkat akan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan waktu reaksi dan jarak untuk berhenti serta meningkatnya kemungkinan kesalahan yang dapat dilakukan oleh pengemudi. Faktor penyebab kecelakaan yang paling sering dihadapi oleh banyak negara adalah kecepatan tinggi dan melebihi batas yang diijinkan karena ikut berkontribusi pada permasalahan jumlah dan kefatalan korban kecelakaan. Mengatur batas kecepatan maksimum dapat menurunkan resiko kecelakaan. Semakin tinggi kecepatan, maka semakin besar jarak berhenti yang dibutuhkan dan resiko kecelakaan semakin meningkat.
How does self-performance expectation foster breakthrough creativity in the employee's cognitive level? An application of self-fulfilling prophecy
Authors: Hossain MD Yahin , Liu Zhiqiang , Kumar Nilesh
Published: September 2020

Drawing on self-fulfilling prophecy theory and status boundary conditions, the aim of this research is to test if promotion focus motivation mediates the employees' self-performance expectations towards breakthrough creativity. Besides, this paper also examines whether status stability significantly moderates the relationship between self-performance expectations and promotion focus motivation. The author conducted a longitudinal study and surveyed 380 staff in China with 102 immediate supervisors. In the first phase of data collection, including self-reported measures of team members' self-performance expectation and promotion focus motivation and status stability in the group. In the second phase of time, supervisors rated their team members' breakthrough creativity. Confirmatory factor analysis is conducted to test the reliability and validity of data. Also, hierarchical linear modeling is used to test the hypothesis. The bootstrapping process was adopted to calculate the indirect effect. The results were in line with the expected conceptual framework, Self-performance expectations and promotion focus motivation are found positive to predict breakthrough creativity. Besides, having more stability in status makes the employee more promotion focus, which brings breakthrough creativity from the cognitive level.  Supervisors should organize sensitivity training to make them realize what is anticipated from them. Also, a simple nurturing will mobilize the existing cognitive pressure to achieve breakthrough creativity while investing in lower organizational resources. Finally, this model will deliver new insight into employees' motives towards breakthrough creativity, considering the influence of boundary condition and self-performance expectations in the organization.
Influence of employer-employee relationships on service quality in the hospitality industry in Nakuru County, Kenya
Authors: Mburu Ben , Koome Peter , Gichuhi David
Published: September 2020

Employees are the backbone of the hospitality industry, and the people in service are inseparable from the service they provide. This research investigated the influence of employer-employee relationships on service quality in the hospitality industry in Nakuru County, Kenya. Descriptive design was used to gather both quantitative and qualitative data through the use of questionnaires and interview guide as the key informants. The target population was 73 respondents comprising of 55 employees’ operational employees and 18 supervisors at Nuru Palace and the Legacy Hotel in Nakuru County. The findings also reveal that coaching and mentorship as well as mutual trust between employees and their superiors affect service quality positively.  The study recommends that hospitality establishments should facilitate more on job training and provide technical support to their employees. They should also work on establishing trust between the management and the workforce.
ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN PARIWISATA OLEH DINAS PARIWISATA KABUPATEN MERANGIN TAHUN 2018
Authors: Rohayati Wahyu , Sumanti Desi
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengelolaan Pariwisata Di Dinas Pariwisata Kabupaten Merangin. Informan penelitian ini adalah sample dari keseluruhan pengunjung setiap minggunya di objek pariwisata. Data penelitian ini terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder yang diperoleh langsung melalui penelitian lapangan dan wawancara. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan hasil wawancara dengan pihak Objek dan daya tarik wisata (ODTW) Dinas Kebudayaan, pariwisata, pemuda dan olahraga dan dengan para pengunjung objek pariwisata.Hasil penelitian menunjukan masih banyak kendala yang dihadapi kabupaten merangin dalam pengelolaan pariwisata, faktor kendala nya adalah sarana dan prasarana yang belum memadai.
PENGARUH IKLAN TELEVISI DAN KOMUNIKASI WORD-OF-MOUTH DALAM KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK PERAWATAN WAJAH MEREK WARDAH KONSUMEN WANITA KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Putri Dini Elida , Artaria Friska
Published: September 2020

Keputusan pembelian dilakukan konsumen setiap waktu terkait kebutuhan atau keinginannya.Tugas pemasar ialah untuk melihat beragam faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi konsumen dalam tiap tahapan proses keputusan pembelian, sehingga penyusunan strategi pemasaran sesuai dengan segmen pasar yang dituju. Salah satu langkah yang dilakukan pemasar adalah merancang bauran komunikasi perusahaan, dengan penggunaan media dan/ atau merancang pengaruh personal yang dapat timbul dilingkungan pelanggan, yaitu melalui komunikasi word-of-mouth.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis besar pengaruh iklan televisi dan komunikasi word-of-mouth serta signifikansi dari pengaruh kedua variabel tersebut secara parsial dan simultan terhadap keputusan pembelian produk perawatan wajah merek Wardah pada konsumen wanita di kota Jambi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner skala Likert lima tingkat kepada 100 responden. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan melakukan uji t dan uji F dengan menghasilkan kesimpulan, terdapat pengaruh signifikan dari iklan televisi dan komunikasi word-of-mouth masing-masing sebesar 0,438 dan 0,302 dan secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan sebesar 14,5% terhadap keputusan pembelian produk perawatan wajah merek Wardah pada konsumen wanita di Kota Jambi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa iklan televisi dan komunikasi word-of-mouth memiliki pengaruh signifikan dalam pembuatan keputusan pembelian produk perawatan wajah oleh konsumen wanita di Kota Jambi.
ANALISIS KEPUASAN KERJA, GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI PADA KANTOR BUPATI SAROLANGUN
Authors: Dahmiri Dahmiri , Rohayati Wahyu
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kepuasan kerja, gaya kepemimpinan dan budaya organisasi, menganalisis upaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam meningkatkan kepuasan kerja, gaya kepemimpinan dan budaya organisasi dan menganalisis kendala dalam melaksanakan kepuasan kerja, gaya kepemimpinan dan budaya organisasi pada Kantor Bupati Sarolangun. Responden penelitian adalah pimpinan dan pegawai Kantor Bupati Sarolangun. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dengan cara wawancara terstruktur, observasi, dokumentasi dan studi dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kombinasi (mixed method), yaitu  kombinasi metode penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Adapun tipe penelitian kombinasi yang digunakan adalah Sequential Exploratory Design, yaitu pada tahap awal penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dan tahap berikutnya menggunakan metode kuantitatif.Metode analisis data dengan alat analisis skor rata-rata. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa persepsi pegawai pada Kantor Bupati Sarolangun terhadap indicator kepuasan kerja, gaya kepemimpinan dan budaya organisasi masuk adalah kategori puas, artinya ketiga indicator tersebut sudah cukup baik. Kendala yang dihadapi antara lain kurang berjalannya system promosi yang baik dan rendahnya dukungan atasan terhadap peningkatan kepuasan kerja, pada sisi gaya kepemimpinan kurangnya kepercayaan diri dari pimpinan, dari sisi budaya organisasi antara lain kurangnya perhatian yang serius terhadap pekerjaan, bekerja setengah hati, keputusan yang terlalu sentralisasi sehingga mematikan kreativitas bawahan dan rapat yang sering tidak tepat waktu. Upaya yang dilakukan oleh pimpinan antara lain melakukan system promosi sesuai dengan aturan dan kaidah, selalu meningkatkan kemampuan dan keterampilan teknis dalam memimpin, memberikan bimbingan  kepada para pegawai bahwa bekerja adalah tanggungjawab mereka terhadap Negara dan kepada Tuhan yang Maha Esa.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH (PAD) DAN DANA ALOKASI UMUM (DAU) TERHADAP BELANJA DAERAH KABUPATENBATANG HARI
Authors: Sumaria Sumaria
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan Dana Alokasi Umum dalam membiayai pembiayaan daerah, dan apakah terdapat hubungan antara Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan Dana Alokasi Umum terhadap Belanja Daerah kabupaten Batang Hari tahun 2010-2014. Metode analisis yang digunakan Analisis kontribusi dan Korelasi Pearson dengan uji  Normalitas.Hasil penelitian Menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan Pendapatan Asli Daerah dalam memenuhi pembiayaan daerah Kabupaten Batang Hari dilihat dari kontribusinya tahun 2010- 2014 berfluktuasi dengan rata-rata 5,45% pertahunnya begitu juga  dengan  Dana Alokasi  Umum yang setiap tahunnya mengalami peningkatan dan bergerak kearah yang positif, dengan rata-rata 54,91% pertahunnya. Sementara itu terdapat hubungan  antara  PAD  dan  DAU terhadap Belanja Daerah. Berdasarkan uji statistik, uji perbedaan ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai sig . (2 tailed) < 0,05 (0,013 < 0,05), sehingga terdapat hubungan antara PAD dengan Belanja Daerah, dilihat dari nilai koefisien korelasi PAD terhadap Belanja Daerah bernilai positif yaitu 0,952, hubungannya sangat kuat/sempurna artinya jika PAD naik maka Belanja Daerah naik dan jika PAD turun maka Belanja Daerah juga turun. Sementara uji statistic DAU menunjukkan nilai sig. (2 tailed) < 0,05 (0,043 < 0,05), sehingga terdapat hubungan antara DAU dengan Belanja Daerah, dilihat nilai koefisien korelasinya yaitu juga bernilai positif 0,891, hubungannya sangat kuat/sempurna artinya apabila DAU naik maka Belanja Daerah juga naik, jika DAU turun maka Belanja Daerah jugaturun.