bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Dark Gravitational Wave Standard Sirens as Cosmological Inference and Forecasting the Constraint on Hubble Constant using Binary Black Holes Detected by Deci-hertz Observatory
Authors: Chen Ju , Yan Changshuo , Lu Youjun , Zhao Yuetong , Ge Junqiang
Published: November 2021

Gravitational wave (GW) signals from compact binary coalescences can be used as standard sirens to constrain cosmological parameters if their redshift can be measured independently by electromagnetic signals. However, mergers of stellar binary black holes (BBHs) may not have electromagnetic counterparts and thus have no direct redshift measurements. These dark sirens may be still used to statistically constrain cosmological parameters by combining their GW measured luminosity distances and localization with deep redshift surveys of galaxies around it. We investigate this dark siren method to constrain cosmological parameters in detail by using mock BBH and galaxy samples. We find that the Hubble constant can be constrained well with an accuracy ≲1% with a few tens or more of BBH mergers at redshift up to 1 if GW observations can provide accurate estimates of their luminosity distance (with relative error of ≲0.01) and localization (≲0.1 deg2), though the constraint may be significantly biased if the luminosity distance and localization errors are larger. We also introduce a simple method to correct this bias and find it is valid when the luminosity distance and localization errors are modestly large. We further generate mock BBH samples, according to current constraints on BBH merger rate and the distributions of BBH properties, and find that the Deci-hertz Observatory (DO) in a half year observation period may detect about one hundred BBHs with signal-to-noise ratio ϱ ≳ 30, relative luminosity distance error ≲0.02 and localization error ≲0.01 deg2. By applying the dark standard siren method, we find that the Hubble constant can be constrained to the ∼0.1%–1% level using these DO BBHs, an accuracy comparable to the constraints obtained by using electromagnetic observations in the near future, thus it may provide insight into the Hubble tension. We also demonstrate that the constraint on the Hubble constant applying this dark siren method is robust and does not depend on the choice of the prior for the properties of BBH host galaxies.
Bioimpedance Spectroscopy as a potential technique to detect label-free PCR products
Authors: Ames-Lastra G , Sánchez V , Sacristán-Rock E , Gómez-López M , Pérez-Vielma N , Castillo-Salazar I A , Hernández-Nava A , González-Díaz C A
Published: November 2021

PCR is a molecular technique that multiplies DNA fragments in a logarithmical way. qPCR uses fluoroscopic dyes or probes to quantify amplicons but it is a complex and expensive technique that should be performed by highly trained personnel. PCR has been used in a wide variety of disciplines such as in food sciences, organ transplant, odontology, oncology and lately, as the standard diagnostic technique for COVID-19. Even when qPCR is a reliable and robust technique, it is hardly accessible for developing countries for its complex labelling procedures and expensive instrumentation, for that, it is of big relevance to search for simpler and cheaper alternative technologies for the detection and analysis of DNA. In this work, we explore the feasibility of using multifrequency bioimpedance measurements to detect label-free PCR products as a proof of principle for the future development of a gene biosensor on the basis of PCR and bioimpedance measurements.
Method of peripheral vein detection using Electrical Impedance Tomography
Authors: San-Pablo-Ju´arez M A , Orozco-Corona D M
Published: November 2021

The aim of the current contribution was to develop a method for locating arm veins in patients by using an electrical impedance tomography. Eight surface electrodes were placed on a simulated arm, separated at a fixed and equal distance from each other. The electrodes fed information about electrical impedance (conductivity) to EIDORS software. The three main phases (veins, muscle, and bone) each have different conductivity, which the device and software convert into a colour-coded tomograph displayed on a screen. The colour for blood on the image is previously set (in this case, red), revealing the location of the veins in the selected section of the arm. A sample run was made, successfully finding the correct location and size of the modelled vein, thus demonstrating the accurate operation of the device.
Effects of hectorite loading on tear properties and biodegradability of thermoplastic starch films
Authors: Ibrahim Ismail , Osman Azlin Fazlina , Adnan Sinar Arzuria , Sheng Lai Di , Haq Nazrul
Published: November 2021

Development of bio-based polymers can reduce human dependence on fossil fuel and move to a sustainable material resource. In this work, thermoplastics starch (TPS) films were produced by plasticization process, in which the crystalline structure of the starch granules was destroyed and reformed by water and glycerine through mechanical stirring and heating process. Hectorite was employed as filler to reinforce the TPS films. The hectorite was subjected to ultrasonication process for reducing the size and aggregation of particles. The ultrasonicated hectorite was added into the TPS solution to produce the TPS/hectorite bio-composite by film casting method. The TPS films with hectorite loading in the range of 1% to 5% were prepared. The morphology, tear strength and soil biodegradability of the TPS/hectorite bio-composite films were studied by altering the loading of hectorite incorporated into the TPS films. Results showed that the TPS/hectorite bio-composite films have higher tear strength compared to the pure TPS films. The tear strength of the bio-composite films slightly increased with hectorite content 1% and 2%. However, as the filler loading increased to 3%, there was a drastic increase of the tear strength. The maximum tear strength value was achieved by the TPS film when 4% hectorite filler was employed. The TPS/4% hectorite (ultrasonicated) has the lowest rate of soil biodegradation due to its lower moisture uptake and greatest interface interaction between starch and hectorite, inhibiting diffusion of bacteria into the films.
Simulation and optimization of steady-state heat transfer property measurement platform
Authors: Song Jiafang , Xie Jiawei , Wang jiao
Published: November 2021

This paper studies the measurement technology of heat transfer coefficient of building envelope, explores the main factors affecting the measurement of heat transfer coefficient, uses ANSYS Icepak software to simulate the steady-state heat transfer property measurement platform model, and establishes the virtual prototype of the product. The product design based on Icepak replaces the test on the physical prototype with the simulation on the virtual prototype, We should reduce or even cancel the manufacturing of physical prototype, shorten the R & D process, and cut R & D costs with the improvement of design quality. Through the comparison and analysis with the experimental data of the offline detection platform, the feasibility of using Icepak to simulate the equipment is proved. The software is used to simulate the ther-mal environment in the hot box. Through comparison and analysis, the most uniform upper wi-nd steady-state thermal environment scheme is found.
Research on Integrated Simulation Design Method of Performance and Reliability for Aerospace Electromechanical Products
Authors: Dai Yongde , Luan Jiahui , Zhu Xinggao
Published: November 2021

This paper proposes an integrated simulation method of the performance and reliability for aerospace electromechanical products, which can obtain the reliability parameters of the product through digital simulation, so as to guide the design of the product, taking into account the factors that affect the reliability in the design stage. This method is based on a multidisciplinary performance simulation model, comprehensively considers the failure mode and failure mechanism of the product. Through the method of DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT(DOE), the key design parameters and disturbance factors are combined and designed as input, the performance response surface model, the performance and reliability integrated simulation model are constructed in turn. Taking a typical aerospace electromechanical product solar wing drive mechanism as an example, the engineering application verification is carried out, and the response surface has a high matching degree with the sampling point, which can meet the engineering application.
Path planning of mobile robot based on particle swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Yang Huimin , Jiang Lei , Wu Lijuan
Published: November 2021

Aiming at the premature convergence problem of particle swarm optimization (PSO) due to the loss of population diversity in the late stage of search, this paper improves the traditional PSO and proposes the elite mean deviation induction strategy, which improves the convergence speed and accuracy of PSO. The experimental results show that the convergence speed and accuracy of the improved PSO are improved. The effectiveness of the improved algorithm is proved.
Wear Analysis of a Low-Speed Diesel Engine Connecting Rod Based on Orthogonal Simulation Test
Authors: Helal Wasim M. K. , Zhang Wenping , Li Xiaobo , Wang Guixin , Su Yanpan
Published: November 2021

As con-rod is a critical component in an engine, its reliability overwhelmingly directly affects the performance of the whole diesel engine. The fretting wear of con-rod bushing mainly occurs on the contact surface with con-rod small end and con-rod small end cap. In the proposed study, the contact process of con-rod small end, con-rod small end cap and bushing under maximum combustion pressure condition was analyzed, and the distribution of contact pressure and friction stress was analyzed. Then the orthogonal simulation test was designed. According to the contact mechanics theory, the interference amount and friction coefficient of the contact surface were taken as the test factors, and the maximum contact pressure and friction stress under the maximum combustion pressure condition were taken as the objective functions. The influence of the test factors on the objective function was analyzed, and the most reasonable interference amount and friction coefficient were found, so as to slow down the fretting wear of the con-rod bushing.
A Comprehensive Study of Bluetooth Low Energy
Authors: Liu Chendong , Zhang Yilin , Zhou Huanyu
Published: November 2021

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is an innovative technique that was firstly employed in Bluetooth 4.0 and is being applied in the Bluetooth 5.0 and 5.2 technologies. Bluetooth 5.0 and 5.2 technologies are now widely used in all kinds of electronic communication equipment (e.g., PCs, tablets, smartphones, wearable devices). BLE has the capacity to minimize the power consumption and equipment cost in the low-power devices, which becomes a competitive scheme among the huge number of standard wireless transmission techniques already existing in everyday life for a large number of applications. As one of the available solutions in wireless transmission, Bluetooth technology equipped with the BLE module is very suitable for developing internet of things (IoTs) technology, which is gaining more and more interest. This paper briefly introduces the modulation and encoding of the BLE standard in the physical layer (PHY). The applications of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) in BLE are then presented. Moreover, the main characteristics, including the maximum reachable range, transmission latency, and power consumption of BLE, are also introduced.
Development of fault diagnosis platform for liquid rocket engine based on experimental data
Authors: Chang Shoujin , He Yong , Hu Haitao , Chai Jiaxin , Hu Minghe , Zhang Chi
Published: November 2021

Aiming at the defects of difficult to establish fault diagnosis models caused by the small scale of liquid rocket engine test data, imbalanced categories and high fault coupling, the fault diagnosis platform with 10 fault diagnosis models are developed for fault diagnosis, covering K-nearest neighbor (KNN) model, optimized KNN model, logistic regression (LR) model, optimized LR model, support vector machine model, K-means model, decision tree model, neural network model, random forest model and light-GBM model. The prediction accuracies of these models are validated based on the experimental data. Among these models, the light-GBM model provide the best prediction accuracies, and 5 models have the prediction accuracy larger than 98%.
A Method for Calculating Dynamic Parameters of Intersatellite Link Signals
Authors: Yao Jiawen , Li Shan , Gu Xiaotong , Yin Yanhao , Chen Geng , Dai Xiaonan
Published: November 2021

Aiming at the complex dynamic changes of inter-satellite link signals, this paper proposes a low-complexity method to calculate dynamic parameters of inter-satellite link signals so as to simulate inter-satellite link signals with complex dynamic characteristics. Based on the precise ephemeris, the algorithm is used to calculate the transmission delay and Doppler frequency of the signals in an inertial frame of reference by using iteration and interpolation. The calculation result is compared with the result obtained by using the simulation software of the global navigation system. It is found that the error of the transmission delay is at the nanosecond level and the error of Doppler frequency is at the Hertzian level. Therefore, the dynamic signal simulation accuracy can meet the requirements of load testing and verification of inter-satellite links. The algorithm is simple to implement.
The Flotation Modification Test of Chrysocolla Research on RSM
Authors: Guo Rui , Liu Siwei , Liao Zhenhong , Liu Ren
Published: November 2021

This study is focused on the flotation of a cooper mineral.Chrysocolla is poor flotability, surface porous, high porosity, nonuniform property, so it has strong hydrophilic and difficult dissolution. XRD and SEM were used to detect the properties and surface morphology of chrysocolla. The paper make an experiment, it contain modified polymer adsorption - intermediate metal copper ion connection - collector adsorption testing program. The experiment can exchange mineral surface property which enhancing mineral flotation and hydrophobicity. With the conclusion, the results have a trend that increasing the agents can increase mineral recovery, then mineral recovery reach the stable trend. In the simulation of RSM, mineral recovery is based on 3 factors ammonium, xanthate and agent, those factors interact with each other, simulation find the main factor is agent. RSM response surface method has the function of optimizing test results, improving test efficiency, inputting test influence factors and results, and getting the best test factors and results through test simulation.
Density Functional Theory Study of Hydrogen Adsorption on Pt Pd/γ-Al2O3 Surface
Authors: Zhang Liang , Li Jia , Chen Yong , Zeng Cheng , Kang Wu , Yang Panxing , Xiong Ru , Liu Jinhong
Published: November 2021

At present passive hydrogen recombiners (PAR) are used to prevent hydrogen explosion. Hydrogen removal catalyst is the core component of PAR. The adsorption of hydrogen on the solid catalyst surface is the premise of catalytic hydrogen removal and is of great significance for deeper understanding of hydrogen removal mechanism. The adsorption behavior of H2-Pt Pd/γ-Al2O3 system has been studied by using density functional theory and periodic slab model. The results of different adsorption sites indicate the adsorption energy of top site is highest, which is -1.2584eV. Higher adsorption energy means stronger interaction between H2 and catalyst substrate, which elongates H-H bond and increases the negative charge on H2. With increasing doping content of Pd, the adsorption energy of substrate decreases gradually. The adsorption energy absolute value of Pt4/γ-Al2O3 is highest and its H-H bond is longest, arriving at 0.0967nm. After adsorbed on substrate, the energy gap of H2 decreases drastically with the lowest energy gap of H2-Pt4/γ-Al2O3 that is 0.5197eV, and the peaks of density of state pattern move to lower energy level. This is because that the d orbital of Pt/Pd atoms interacts with the τ* anti-bond orbital of H2 strongly, transferring electrons to the τ* anti-bond orbital of H2. Doping Pd increases the energy gap of molecule orbital.
Prediction Models of Droplet Characteristics Based on the Locally Convergent Configurations in PMMA Microchips
Authors: Liu Zhongxin , Wang Zhiliang , Wang Chao , Zhang Jinsong
Published: November 2021

This paper novel designed the local convergence configuration in the coaxial channels to study the two-phase flow (lubricating oil (continuous phase, flow rate Q
c)/deionized water (dispersed phase, flow rate Q
d)). Two geometric control variables, the relative position (x) and tapering characteristics (α), had the different effects on the droplet formation. The increase of relative position x caused the higher frequency and finer droplets, and the increase of convergence angle α, took the opposite effects. The results indicated that the equivalent dimensionless droplet length Ld/Wout
and the flow rate ratio Qd/Qc
had an exponential relationship of about 1/2. Similarly, it was found that the dispersed droplets generating frequency and the two-phase capillary number, CaTP
= uTPμc/σ, had an exponential relationship. The advantage of the convergent configurations in micro-channel was the size and efficiency of droplet generation was very favorable to be controlled by α and x.
Regional disparities and seasonal differences in climate risk to rice labour
Authors: Simpson Charles , Hosking J Scott , Mitchell Dann , Betts Richard A , Shuckburgh Emily
Published: November 2021

The 880 million agricultural workers of the world are especially vulnerable to increasing heat stress due to climate change, affecting the health of individuals and reducing labour productivity. In this study, we focus on rice harvests across Asia and estimate the future impact on labour productivity by considering changes in climate at the time of the annual harvest. During these specific times of the year, heat stress is often high compared to the rest of the year. Examining climate simulations of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6), we identified that labour productivity metrics for the rice harvest, based on local wet-bulb globe temperature, are strongly correlated with global mean near-surface air temperature in the long term (p ≪ 0.01, R
2 > 0.98 in all models). Limiting global warming to 1.5 °C rather than 2.0 °C prevents a clear reduction in labour capacity of 1% across all Asia and 2% across Southeast Asia, affecting the livelihoods of around 100 million people. Due to differences in mechanization between and within countries, we find that rice labour is especially vulnerable in Indonesia, the Philippines, Bangladesh, and the Indian states of West Bengal and Kerala. Our results highlight the regional disparities and importance in considering seasonal differences in the estimation of the effect of climate change on labour productivity and occupational heat-stress.
Reconciling high resolution climate datasets using KrigR
Authors: Davy Richard , Kusch Erik
Published: November 2021

Abstract

There is an increasing need for high spatial and temporal resolution climate data for the wide community of researchers interested in climate change and its consequences. Currently, there is a large mismatch between the spatial resolutions of global climate model and reanalysis datasets (at best around 0.25° and 0.1° respectively) and the resolutions needed by many end-users of these datasets, which are typically on the scale of 30 arcseconds (∼900 m). This need for improved spatial resolution in climate datasets has motivated several groups to statistically downscale various combinations of observational or reanalysis datasets. However, the variety of downscaling methods and inputs used makes it difficult to reconcile the resultant differences between these high-resolution datasets. Here we make use of the KrigR R-package to statistically downscale the world-leading ERA5(-Land) reanalysis data using kriging. We show that kriging can accurately recover spatial heterogeneity of climate data given strong relationships with co-variates; that by preserving the uncertainty associated with the statistical downscaling, one can investigate and account for confidence in high-resolution climate data; and that the statistical uncertainty provided by KrigR can explain much of the difference between widely used high resolution climate datasets (CHELSA, TerraClimate, and WorldClim2) depending on variable, timescale, and region. This demonstrates the advantages of using KrigR to generate customized high spatial and/or temporal resolution climate data.
The association of SNP g.880A/G with body weight in F1 cross Dorper x Garut sheep
Authors: L Sari A P Z N , Athifa I R , Panjono  , Hidayat R , Noor Y G , Maharani D
Published: November 2021

Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the MC4R gene has been known to be associated with feed intake and growth performance. Our objective was to analyze the association of SNP g.880A>G to birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), and 6-month body weight (MW) in F1 cross Dorper x Garut sheep. In forty-one F1 cross Dorper x Garut sheep with phenotypic records, genotyping based on SNP g.880A>G was achieved using the direct-sequencing process. As a result, the homozygous AA genotype was absent in the samples. The frequency of the G allele (90%) was higher than the A allele (10%), followed by GG (80%) and AG (20%) genotypes. The population did not deviate from Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (p > 0.05) based on SNP g.880A>G. The SNP g.880A>G was significantly associated with MW but not significant in BW and WW. The GG genotype (32.33 ± 4.81 kg) was higher MW than the AG genotype (27.19 ± 1.86 kg). In conclusion, the findings suggested that SNP g.880A>G of the MC4R gene could be used as a potential selection tool for high MW in F1 cross Dorper x Garut sheep.
Performance of female Bali cattle in different management systems at Field Station of Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SL-SPR) Kuamang Abadi
Authors: Sari D A P , Muladno  , Said S , Nahrowi  , Priyanto R
Published: November 2021

This study aims to evaluate the performance of Bali cows in different management systems in the Field Station of Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SL-SPR) Kuamang Abadi. The linear body measurement and reproductive performances of one hundred twenty-six Bali cows owned by 64 farmers located in 4 villages in SL-SPR Kuamang Abadi were measured and recorded. Survey and observation were done from October to November 2020. Data were analyzed using statistical and descriptive methods. The parameters of linear body measurement included chest circle (CC), body length (BL), and body height (BH). The reproductive performance included age first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), days open (DO), and service per conception (S/C). The result of linear body measurement showed that the largest CC was in a semi-intensive system at 158,03 cm; the largest BL and BH in the intensive system were 119,35 cm and 111,2 cm, respectively. The result of the reproductive performance showed that cattle in the semi-intensive systems had lower averages AFC, CI, DO, and S/C, i.e., 958,7 days, 375,1 days, 90,1 days, and 1,7, respectively. The results obtained can be used as the basis for improving maintenance management and the development of breeding Bali cattle in SL-SPR Kuamang Abadi.
The relationship between subclinical mastitis and reproductive performance of etawa crossbreed (PE) goat in Kokap, Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta
Authors: Nuraini D M , Andityas M , Artdita C A , Prihanani N I , Ridlo M R
Published: November 2021

Etawa crossbreed (PE) goat farm has been well developed in Kokap, Kulonprogo, and Yogyakarta. The important aspects that support it are doe’s health and reproductive performance. This study aimed to determine the relationship between subclinical mastitis incidence and reproductive performance of the does. This study used 84 does from four different farms, which tested using California Mastitis Test (CMT) to determine the mastitis status. The reproductive performance data gained through a questionnaire and the relation to the mastitis status was analyzed using Chi-square. The result showed that the prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 16.67 % (14 does). In the non-mastitis does, 75.71% had long calving interval (CI), 88.57% had long days open (DO), 44.29% had Litter size (LS) 1, and 12.86% had service per conception (S/C) more than 2. Meanwhile, in the mastitis group, the does with long CI was 71.43%, long DO was 85.71%, LS 1 was 28.57%, and S/C > 2 was 14.29%. The chi-square analyses showed no relationship between subclinical mastitis cases with long CI (X2=0.22), long DO (X2=0.09), LS 1 (X2=1.19), and high S/C (X2=0.02). It can be concluded that there was no relation of mastitis cases to reproductive performance of PE does in Kokap, Kuloprogo, and Yogyakarta.
Live weight performance of three different breed of indonesian local chickens in starter phase
Authors: Mustofa F , L Sari A P Z N , Agus A , Sasongko H , Suryanto E , Ulinuha Y , Widodo S , Putra A A K , Maharani D
Published: November 2021

The production of local chickens in Indonesia is determined by the availability of high-quality local chicken stocks. However, information on local chicken performance is limited, therefore, this study aims to determine the live weight performance of three local Indonesian chicken namely Merawang, Murung Panggang, and KUB in the starter phase. The study was conducted at chicken farm located in Semanu Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Meanwhile, the live weight data were collected at the starter phase (0, 2, and 4 weeks. The samples consisted of 196 Merawang, 157 Murung Panggang, and 416 KUB chickens reared in a battery cage in a closed house under similar conditions. Furthermore, the live weight performance data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). As a result, the Merawang chicken had the highest live weight (P<0.05) at the day-old chick (DOC) age. At the same age, no significant difference was detected between the KUB and Murung Panggang chicken (P>0.05). However, the live weight of Murung Panggang was significantly higher at 2 and 4 weeks compared to others (P< 0.05). Therefore, it was concluded that there are variations in the live weight of the three local chickens during the starter phase.
The body weight performance of indigenous indonesian chickens in the grower phase
Authors: Mustofa F , L Sari A P Z N , Suryanto E , Maharani D , Agus A , Widodo S , Putra A A K , Sasongko H
Published: November 2021

Body weight is a critical parameter to monitor in chickens due to its correlation with better performance during the production phase. Hence, this study aimed to present an overview of the body weight performance of indigenous Indonesian chickens in the grower phase. The study was conducted in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Data of body weight performance data of 227 Merawang, 157 Murung Panggang, and 416 KUB chickens in the grower phase were collected. These weights were measured 4 times at 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks while rearing the chickens in battery cages in a closed house under similar management. The result showed that the Murung Panggang chickens at each age had the highest body weight and uniformity value (P<0.05), followed by Merawang and KUB. The body growth curve of the Merawang, Murung Panggang, and KUB chickens at the 6th week showed similar weights, ranging between 400-600 g. However, at the 8th, 10th, and 12th weeks, the Merawang and Murung Panggang chickens had higher body weight performance. Therefore, this study suggested that Merawang and Murung Panggang chickens may have a greater potential to attain higher final body weights.
Allele and genotype variation of follicle stimulating hormone receptor gene of Indonesian Friesian Holstein in Boyolali District, Central Java
Authors: Pambuko G , Vanessa R , Purwadi  , Widyas N , Prastowo S
Published: November 2021

Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor (FSHR) is a gene that has function to regulate reproductive performance by controlling oogenesis in females and also spermatogenesis in male. Since dairy cattle operation lies on the reproductive trait efficiency, therefore it’s became a logical reason to use FSHR genes as part of selection criteria. This study aimed to determine allele and genotype variation of FSHR gene in local Indonesian Friesian Holstein (IFH) dairy cattle in Boyolali District, Central Java. In total 20 IFH cattle we sampled for DNA source. Allele and genotype variation was determined by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using AluI restriction enzyme. The methods started with DNA extraction, PCR, and DNA digestion, followed by allele and genotype frequencies calculation. Two alleles were observed in this study, C and G with respective frequencies 0.75 and 0.25. According to that, we found three genotype combinations that are CC, CG, and GG, the frequencies were 0.56, 0.38, and 0.06, respectively. To use that result as a part of selection criteria in dairy cattle, especially in females, further association study with reproductive trait needs to be done.
Grati-Ongole-crossbred cattle (POGASI Agrinak) development on farm kept in diverse agroecological zones
Authors: Hartati  , Antari R , Affandhy L , Anggraeny Y N , Widiyawati R , Krishna N H , Aryogi  , Pamungkas D , Effendhy J
Published: November 2021

The Indonesian Beef Cattle Research Station (BCRS) has undertaken conservation and improvement of Grati-Ongole crossbred cattle (POGASI Agrinak) by distributing selected cattle into some provinces in Indonesia. This study aimed to evaluate the productive performance of the calves born in different agroecological zones. Sixty-seven male and female POGASI Agrinak were distributed in Indonesia including in upland (e.g., in 50 Kota, Payakumbuh, one bull, and nine cows and Pule, Trenggalek, one bull, and eight cows) and in low land (e.g., in Jember, one bull and six cows, Indramayu, one bull and six cows, Situbondo, 25 bulls and Tanahlaut, South Kalimantan, ten bulls). The cattle were kept under diverse environmental and management systems. The natural mating system was applied in communal pens using selected bulls. The parameters observed were the number of calves and the birth weight. It resulted in 168 calves born in the upland and five calves born in low land. While the birth weight of calves born in lowland and upland was 25.8 + 1.6 kg and 25.2 + 2.4 kg respectively. Meanwhile, the birth weight of calves in BCRS was 25.3 + 25 kg. To conclude, the birth weight both in BCRS and in those sites’ ex-situ was comparable.
Superovulatory responses using pregnant mare serum gonadotropin hormone in Murrah buffalo cows
Authors: Praharani L , Sianturi R S G , Kusumaningrum D A , Asmarasari S A
Published: November 2021

Superovulation plays an important role in embryo transfer program. A preliminary study carried out in the Research Institute for Animal Production evaluated superovulatory responses in Murrah buffalo cows using pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) hormone. The three buffalo cows were estrus synchronized using 5 ml prostaglandin (PGF) twice, with an interval of 11 days. PMSG was injected intra-muscularly 3000 IU on day-10 after estrus. Prostaglandins were administered 48 hours after PMSG injection. Fixed-Time artificial insemination (FTAI) was carried out at 72 hours after the last PGF treatment. Administration of hCG 2 ml/head was given at the time of FTAI. A non-surgery flushing was performed on day 6 after FTAI. Parameters observed using ultrasonography (USG) were diameter of follicle (DFL), total follicle (TFL), and number embryos (NE). Data were analyzed descriptively. The mean of DFL before PMSG treatment was 8.2 mm and after PMSG treatment was 12.5 mm. The mean of TFL before PMSG treatment was 7.7 and after PMSG treatment was 16.1. The NE obtained was one degenerative embryo. Superovulation using PMSG increased TCL and DFL. It can be concluded that the Murrah buffalo cows superovulated by PMSG showed a good response but no transferable embryo was found.
Recombinant expression protein of Type 4 Fimbrial gene (ptfA) of Pasteurella multocida
Authors: Yanthi N D , Herlina N , Agung P P , Dewi K S
Published: November 2021

The Fimbrial type 4 gene is one of the virulence factor genes associated with bacterial adhesion and colonization factors in Pasteurella multocida. The activity of this gene has a surface covering effect on the host it is ridden on. So that the cell surface in the host is difficult to function. Pasteurella multocida is a microorganism that attacks the upper respiratory tract, especially in buffalo and cattle, causing infection. The aim of this activity was to analyzed the expression and characterization recombinant ptfA for control and elimination of Pasteurella multocida. Gene transformation was carried out using E coli. The induction of gene expression was carried out with IPTG concentrations ranging from 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mM and incubated at room temperature. The identification analysis was carried out using SDS PAGE showing the 15 KDa gene bands. The 15 kDa recombinant ptfA gene showed the highest expression at a concentration of 0.5 mM of isopropyl thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG).
Comparative study of semen quality traits between Etawah grade and Senduro bucks
Authors: Isnaini N , Hakim A A , Amertaningtyas D , Sulistyo H E , Irsyammawati A , Andri F
Published: November 2021

This study compared the semen quality traits between Etawah grade (EGB) and Senduro bucks (SB) raised in Singosari National Artificial Insemination Center, Indonesia. A total of 96 ejaculated semen were collected from three EGB and three SB with an average age of three years. The ejaculates were evaluated for semen volume (SV), spermatozoa concentration (SC), total spermatozoa (TS), spermatozoa motility (SM), post-thawing spermatozoa motility (PTSM), the recovery rate of spermatozoa motility (RRSM), and frozen semen production (FSP). Data of SV, SM, PTSM, and RRSM were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. While the data of SC, TS, and FSP were analyzed using an independent t-test. The results showed that SV, SM, PTSM, and RRSM were not significantly differed (P>0.05) between breeds. Whereas, SC, TS, and FSP of EGB were significantly higher (P<0.05) than SB. Therefore, it can be concluded that Etawah grade bucks can produce higher total spermatozoa and as a result higher frozen semen production for artificial insemination as compared to Senduro bucks.
Identification of restriction enzyme in the FSHR gene of indonesian local cattle
Authors: Prihandini P W , Primasari A , Luthfi M , Pamungkas D , L Sari A P Z N , Dina T B , Maharani D
Published: November 2021

The restriction enzyme is important for genotyping using the PCR-RFLP technique. Therefore, this study aims to identify the restriction enzyme mapping in the partial sequence of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene in Indonesian local cattle. A total of 29 samples sized 306 bp, were aligned with Genbank sequence acc no. NC_032660, resulting three polymorphic sites, namely g.193G>C, g.227T>C, and g.275A>C. Furthermore, the restriction mapping analysis using the NEBcutter program V2.0 showed that no enzyme recognized the SNP g.275A>C, while the SNP g.193G>C and g.227T>C were identified by the AluI and MscI enzymes, respectively. The AluI enzyme cuts at two positions (193 bp and 243 bp) in the G allele sample producing three fragments namely 50 bp, 63 bp, and 193 bp, meanwhile, in the C allele, the AluI cuts only in position 243 bp, hence, the fragment products are 63 bp and 243 bp. In contrast, the MscI enzyme was only recognized in the T allele, producing fragments sized 77 bp and 229 bp but failed to identify the restriction site along with the PCR products in the C allele. Based on the results, the SNPs (g.193G>C and g.227T>C) and restriction enzymes (AluI and MscI) are applicable for genotyping local Indonesian cattle using the PCR-RFLP technique in future studies.
Effect of different queen cell sizes on the acceptance of grafted larvae in Apis cerana javana Fabr. Rearing
Authors: Ustadi  , Suyadi  , Ikhsan N , Radiati L E , Sjofjan O , Batoro D , Susilo A
Published: November 2021

This study aims to evaluate Apis cerana javana Fabr. rearing based on differences in the queen cup sizes. A total of four queen bees were used with three different treatments and six replications, meanwhile, this study was conducted at Kembang Joyo Bee Farm, Malang, East Java. The results showed that the differences in the queen cup size had no significant effect on the success rate of queen rearing (p>0.05). The highest percentage of larvae acceptance (79%) was found in P3 treatment, followed by P2 (71%), while the lowest was found in P1 (63%). Furthermore, the highest percentage of larvae to pupae metamorphosis was found in P1 and P2 with a success rate of 100%, while the lowest was found in P3 with 89%. The highest percentage of pupae emergence was found in treatment P1 and P2 with a success rate of 100% and P3 with 94%. Based on the results, the difference queen cup sizes had no significant effect on the success rate of Apis cerana javana Fabr. rearing.
Physico-chemical properties of gathot (fermented cassava) flour applied on edible film
Authors: Ratnaduhita A , Nuhriawangsa A M P , Kartikasari L R
Published: November 2021

The objective of this research is to examine the physicochemical properties of gathot and its potential as an edible film. The materials used included dried gathot, carrageenan, and glycerol with 4 levels of treatment and 5 repetitions. The treatment was in the form of variation of gathot flour’s concentration (0.00; 0.75; 1.00; 1.25 %). The test was conducted on gathot flour, covering scavenging ability, bulk density, water absorbency, color brightness, proximate analysis and crude fiber with descriptive analysis. Gathot flour-derived edible film’s characteristics were tested for tensile strength and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) to examine whether gathot flour-derived edible film was able to compete with commercial bioplastics through quantitative statistical analysis and Completely Randomized Design (RAL) and processing with SPSS 23.0. The results of physicochemical test on gathot flour were scavenging ability 49.37%; bulk density 0.57 g/mL; water absorbency 2.37 g/g; color brightness 17.42; water content 9.32%; protein content 4.76%; fat content 0.13%; ash content 0.09%; carbohydrate 85.70%; and crude fiber 3.54%. The average results of edible film’s characteristics test with a variation of gathot flour’s concentration were tensile strength 1.41-3.00 N/mm2 and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) 5.42-6.99%. From the perspective of physicochemical properties, it is concluded that gathot flour is almost equal to wheat flour and tapioca flour. In addition, gathot flour-derived edible film at up to concentration level 1.25% has met the criteria for the edible film with moderate properties and complied with the standard bioplastic packaging.
Optimum condition of Streptococcus termophilus, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Lactobacillus plantarum producing yoghurt starter
Authors: Sukma A , Anggraini O R , Kurnia Y F , Purwati E
Published: November 2021

The study aimed to reveal the interaction of temperature and duration of incubation onto total LAB yogurt starter producer. The bacteria inoculated was used are Streptococcus termophilus, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Lactobacillus plantarum. The research method was used are randomized block factorial design was A factor variety of temperature A1 (25 0C), A2 (30 0C), A3 (37 0C), and A4 (42 0C), then B factor range of duration of incubation B1 (12 h), B2 (18 h) and B3 (24 h) within three replications. Best treatment determined by the highest Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) level consisted of treatment. Only the best treatment will analyze the proximate. The result showed an interaction between temperature and duration onto total LAB on the yogurt starter producer. It can be concluded that the best results from starter yogurt using three bacterial cultures were obtained at an incubation temperature of 370C for 18 hours with the number of LAB is 5,5 x 1010. Proximate results are the pH value of 4.46, Total Titrations Acid 2.20%, the water content of 82.48%, the protein content of 6.39%, and fat content of 4.36%.
Potential of Indigenous Microorganisms (IMO) from cow manure, elephant grass, Aloe vera, pineapple skin to the N, P and K content of organic cow manure
Authors: Novia D , Sandra A , Yogi A , Allismawita  , Putra A A
Published: November 2021

The manufacture of organic fertilizers can be accelerated by adding indigenous microorganisms (IMO) which function as decomposers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding several types of IMO to the N, P, and K content of organic cow manure. This research used animal MOL, namely cow manure IMO and vegetable IMO, namely elephant grass IMO, Aloe vera IMO, pineapple skin IMO and dry cow manures. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications. The treatments were A: addition of cow manure IMO, B : elephant grass IMO, C : Aloe vera IMO, D : pineapple skin IMO, E : combination IMO (A, B, C, D). The parameters were measured; the N, P and K content. The results showed that the addition of several types of IMO had a significant effect (P<0.05) on phosphorus content of organic cow manure but had no significant effect (P>0.05) on nitrogen and potassium content. The manufacture of organic cow manure with the addition of several types of IMO for 21 days gave the best results in the combination IMO treatment with 1.70% nitrogen, 0.65% phosphorus, and 1.78% potassium content.
Variant alpha and beta biodiversity of the genus in dadiah through deep sequencing 16S Ribosomonal RNA genes
Authors: Fatdillah H , Desriani  , Melia S , Fitria N , Morita H , Sukma A
Published: November 2021

Dadiah is a traditional spontaneous fermentation of buffalo milk from West Sumatra that doesn’t go through pasteurized stages. The aim of the study is to find out the biodiversity of α and β diversity of the microbiota in the level of the genus in dadiah. The V3 -V4 hypervariable region of the 16 S rRNA deep sequencing was used to the detected genus of bacteria. The available data were analyzed by Alpha Diversity (richness and evenness) and Beta Diversity (Taxonomy Chart Heatmaps). These studies revealed that the most divergent sample is appropriate to C3 with Shanon diversity Index 2.014; meanwhile, the most evenness fit in to B4 with the Simpson diversity index of 0.573. Further, the highest value of the heatmap taxonomic chart on the B4 sample has its place in Lactococcus. There were differences in dadiah microbiota composition among the samples based on different areas. Each sample was found Lactococcus and Lactobacillus with the largest populations.
Nutrient analysis of dadih from Lintau Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Alzahra Hurriya , Melia Sri , Susmiati
Published: November 2021

Dadih is a traditional food from buffalo milk fermentation in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Which is fermented for 24-48 hours at room temperature.This study aimed to determine the chemical properties of Dadih from Lintau Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The measured Variables were protein content, fat content, water content, and pH. The research method was a descriptive method and analysis in the laboratory. The sample used was taken in Lintau Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The results showed that the nutrition composition of Dadih is: protein content ranged from 7.58-8.92%, fat content ranged from 5.60-6.18%, water content ranged from 72.43-74.86%, and pH ranged from 5.1-5.4. The conclution is that Dadih has good nutritional quality.
Physical, mechanical, and microstructure properties of whey edible films incorporated with Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO)
Authors: Juliyarsi I , Melia S , Novia D , Nabila S
Published: November 2021

The edible film is a thin layer derived from edible materials and formed on top of food components serving as an inhibitor of mass transfer (e.g., moisture, oxygen, fat, and dissolved substances), a carrier of foodstuffs, and an additive to improve food handling. Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) contains lactic acid bacteria that are probiotics and anti-microbial, adding edible whey film to utilize cheese waste into biodegradable packaging. The research aims to study the effect of VCO on barrier, mechanical, and microstructure whey edible films. This research used whey, VCO, glycerol, and Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC). The treatment in this study was the addition of VCO namely A (0%), B (0.5%), C (1%), D (1.5%) and E (2%). The result of the research showed that whey edible films with the addition VCO affected (P<0.05) physical properties (thickness and solubility time) and no effect (P>0.05) on mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation) and microstructure.
Probiotic effect of fermented milk from Pediococcus acidilactici BK01 in fecal wistar rat microflora
Authors: Melia S , Juliyarsi I , Kurnia Y F , Fitria N , Pratama Y E , Ramadhanti N
Published: November 2021

Microorganisms that provide health benefits to the host when consumed in the right proportions are called Probiotics. Certain lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been considered probiotics with proven health benefits. These probiotics have been used extensively for human health. In this study, in vivo evaluation was conducted to determine the count of microflora in the fecal of Wistar rats, which were given fermented milk with probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici BK01. Pediococcus acidilactici BK01 is a LAB with probiotic use, isolated from Bekasam (fermented fish). This research was conducted in vivo on 24 male rats (Wistar Rat). This study contain in 4 treatment groups. Each group contains six male rats. The results showed a significant increase in the group of rats given fermented milk compared to the control group (without fermented milk). The probiotics of fermented milk have significantly reduced the count of E.coli and not on the total aerobic bacteria. The conclusion of this study, probiotic of fermented milk Pediococcus acidilactici BK01, can increase the total microflora of lactic acid bacteria and reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria.
The effect of additional turmeric flour in rations on the performance and egg quality of laying chicken isa brown strain age 70th weeks
Authors: Jaelani A , Abelina N , Samudera R , Rostini T , Masganti  , Setyowati A I
Published: November 2021

This research aims to study and analyze the effect of adding turmeric flour (Curcuma domestica Val) in the rations on the performance of 70 weeks old Isa Brown strain of laying hens. The research method used in this study was an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) step with five treatments and four replications. The number of chickens used was as many as 40 laying hens. The treatments given to the sample were P0 = feed without giving turmeric flour (control), P1 = feed with 0.3% turmeric flour, P2 = feed with 0.5% turmeric flour, P3 = feed with 0.7% turmeric flour and treatment P4 = feed by giving turmeric flour 0,9%. The results showed that giving turmeric flour in the rations of the Isa Brown strain of laying hens affected chicken performance and egg quality. This research concludes that giving turmeric flour a percentage of 0.7% in Isa Brown’s 70-week old laying hens is the best for ration consumption, Hen Day Production, egg weight, feed conversion, and egg quality: Haught Unit, yolk egg color, yolk egg index, grading egg and egg mass. Based on the haugh unit value, all eggs produced are still in the AA grade category