bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges in Implementing Assistive Devices in Teaching Learners who are Visually Impaired in full Service Classrooms
Authors: Morelle Mokwena , Matshidiso Thakadu
Published: April 2024

The study aimed to explore the challenges experienced in the implementation of assistive devices in the teaching of learners who are visually impaired in inclusive classrooms. The study encapsulates qualitative research techniques were used for data collection and analysis. The study revealed that through the assistance of technology, learners were motivated and could easily communicate with one another even outside their school which also encouraged their critical thinking. Effective educational outcomes from assistive technology use are dependent upon a coordinated assessment and implementation process. There were different challenges found to be hindering the successful implementation of assistive devices. These challenges were a lack of professional support for teachers teaching learners who are visualy impaired in inclusive classrooms; educators’ negativity and poor attitude; teachers’ lack of knowledge in utilising assistive devices profitably; insufficient funding and procurement in purchasing assistive devices in schools.
Research on the Current Situation and Proposal of Some Basic Solutions to Develop Open- Minded Thinking for Medical Students in Hanoi City
Authors: Thanh Tinh Nguyen , Manh Hung Doan , Van Quy Vu , Trong Bach Nguyen
Published: April 2024

In the context of educational reform, developing open-minded thinking has become an important requirement to enhance comprehensive capabilities for students in general and medical students in particular. Open-minded thinking is not only an essential tool but also helps learners become flexible and creative in problem-solving. The topic focuses on the current situation of developing open-minded thinking among medical students in Hanoi City. Consequently, it proposes measures to foster open-minded thinking among medical students.
Impact of Firm Size and Systematic Risk on Stock Returns in Companies of Different Industries
Authors: Susan Varghese Rona , M C Krishna
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The study explores the relationship between firm size, systematic risk, and stock returns across various industries. The purpose of the study is to analyze how these factors influence stock returns and to provide insights for investors and financial analysts. The theoretical framework is based on the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and existing literature on firm size, systematic risk, and stock returns.  Methodology: The research methodology involves quantitative analysis using financial data from companies in different industries. Variables such as firm size, systematic risk, and stock returns are measured and analyzed using statistical techniques and models. The study aims to uncover patterns and relationships that can help in understanding the dynamics of stock returns in diverse industry settings.  Findings: The findings of the study reveal significant correlations between firm size, systematic risk, and stock returns. Larger firms tend to exhibit lower systematic risk and higher stock returns compared to smaller firms. The analysis also highlights industry-specific variations in the impact of firm size and systematic risk on stock returns, suggesting that industry dynamics play a crucial role in shaping investment outcomes.  Originality: This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the relationship between firm size, systematic risk, and stock returns in companies across different industries. The originality of the work lies in its comprehensive analysis of these factors and its implications for investment decision-making.
Multi-Model Ensemble Approach for Soybean Crop Yield Estimation (Kharif-2023) in Latur District at Macroscale level
Authors: Pawar Ashutosh , Singh Upasana , Shamraj Priyanka Shamraj , Sonawane Bhargav
Published: April 2024

Crop area estimation is a critical aspect of agricultural monitoring and management, providing essential information for decision-making in the agricultural sector. Study was carried out at Semantic Technologies and Agritech services Pvt. Ltd., GIS and Remote sensing team, Pune during Kharif-2023. All methodology given by YESTECH manual under Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PFMBY) was followed. Latur district facing more weather-based yield losses during last few of years. In this case study we tried to estimate yield of soybean crop for agriculture-based stake holders, insurance companies, Government polices at Revenue circle level (RC). Multimodal approach is beneficial over single model yield estimation approach as it takes ensemble yield for perfect forecasting of crop yield. Accuracy was in the range as given in YESTECH manual at RC level. Thus, overall results show that use of such model for yield estimation is one of the best approach to take the decisions for insurance based stake holders in rainfed regions where more negative consequences on soybean productivity under different climate change scenario was observed.
A Study to Evaluate Psychological Distress and Self-Esteem Among Patients with Hemodialysis
Authors: C Yogesh Kumar.
Published: April 2024

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disease that affects more than 800 million people worldwide, representing more than 10% of the global population. It is more common in older people, women, and racial minorities, as well as in people with diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure. CKD has become one of the top causes of mortality worldwide, and is one of the few non-communicable diseases that have seen an increase in related deaths over the last few decades. The high number of affected people and the serious negative consequences of chronic disease should lead to increased efforts to improve prevention and treatment efforts. Around the world, there are an estimated 1,800-1,600 extra deaths per 10000 patients who are on dialysis.  Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the psychological distress and self-esteem among dialysis patients.  Research Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional investigate plan was utilized to conduct a research study among 30 dialysis patients. Convenient sampling techniques were utilized to collect data from standardized tool using questionnaire techniques.  Result: Study showed that 36.7% of the samples were doing well, 23.3% had mild psychological distress, 23.3% of the samples had moderate psychological distress and severe distress is seen in 16.7% of the samples. 73.3% of them had normal self-esteem, 20% of the study population had low self-esteem and 6.7% had above average self-esteem. Significant relationship is seen between social and family support with self-esteem (p=0.033).  Conclusion: About half of the samples were having psychological distress which is of mild and moderate, severe psychological distress were seen in 16.7% of the samples, ordinal self-esteem were seen in 73% of the samples, 27% of samples had mild and average self- esteem.
Educational Blogging System
Authors: Rama Lakshmi Kala Meesala , Harika Lakshmi Adi , Sailaja Marni , Sindhuja Talari , Shirin Bhanu K.
Published: April 2024

Traditional educational methods frequently encounter limitations in fostering effective collaboration, maintaining motivation, and ensuring consistency in learning outcomes. So, we have developed a web application-Online Educational Blogging Platform. This project aims to revolutionize the traditional learning experience by providing users with a personalized journey of growth and connection. Users enjoy the flexibility to choose their preferred subject and roadmap, with challenges spanning 35, 45, or 75 days. Upon selecting a challenge, users embark ona journey, posting daily blogs as proof of their acquired knowledge. Upon completion, users receive a formal certificate, affirming their dedication and expertise. Beyond knowledge acquisition, users develop confidence, expand networks, and acquire future-proof skills. Interactive features encourage collaboration and meaningful knowledge sharing, combating isolation. Dynamic content and flexible timeframes sustain engagement, while certificates validate achievements.
Chemical Farming, Emerging Issues of Chemical Farming
Authors: Ahamed N. Afsar , Sachin Sadavarte Prerana
Published: April 2024

Chemical farming, an essential element of modern agriculture, has considerably increased global food production while also posing a number of difficult challenges, most notably those related to environmental sustainability, human health, and water resource integrity. This research project will conduct a thorough examination of these multifaceted issues, investigating the negative environmental consequences of chemical farming practices, determining the associated health risks to human populations, and examining the widespread contamination of water sources. This paper aims to shed light on the complicated connection between chemical farming and its emergent consequences by making use of doctrinal data, academic discussion, and policy insights, as well as exploring viable strategies and alternative approaches to mitigate these negative effects and advance the adoption of sustainable agricultural paradigms.
tdescore: An Accurate Photometric Classifier for Tidal Disruption Events
Authors: Stein Robert , Mahabal Ashish , Reusch Simeon , Graham Matthew , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Kowalski Marek , Gezari Suvi , Hammerstein Erica , Nakoneczny Szymon J. , Nicholl Matt , Sollerman Jesper , van Velzen Sjoert , Yao Yuhan , Laher Russ R. , Rusholme Ben
Published: April 2024

Optical surveys have become increasingly adept at identifying candidate tidal disruption events (TDEs) in large numbers, but classifying these generally requires extensive spectroscopic resources. Here we present tdescore, a simple binary photometric classifier that is trained using a systematic census of ∼3000 nuclear transients from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). The sample is highly imbalanced, with TDEs representing ∼2% of the total. tdescore is nonetheless able to reject non-TDEs with 99.6% accuracy, yielding a sample of probable TDEs with recall of 77.5% for a precision of 80.2%. tdescore is thus substantially better than any available TDE photometric classifier scheme in the literature, with performance not far from spectroscopy as a method for classifying ZTF nuclear transients, despite relying solely on ZTF data and multiwavelength catalog cross matching. In a novel extension, we use “Shapley additive explanations” to provide a human-readable justification for each individual tdescore classification, enabling users to understand and form opinions about the underlying classifier reasoning. tdescore can serve as a model for photometric identification of TDEs with time-domain surveys, such as the upcoming Rubin observatory.
A Candidate Supermassive Black Hole in a Gravitationally Lensed Galaxy at Z ≈ 10
Authors: Kovács Orsolya E. , Bogdán Ákos , Natarajan Priyamvada , Werner Norbert , Azadi Mojegan , Volonteri Marta , Tremblay Grant R. , Chadayammuri Urmila , Forman William R. , Jones Christine , Kraft Ralph P.
Published: April 2024

While supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are widely observed in the nearby and distant Universe, their origin remains debated with two viable formation scenarios with light and heavy seeds. In the light seeding model, the seed of the first SMBHs form from the collapse of massive stars with masses of 10–100 M
⊙, while the heavy seeding model posits the formation of 104–5
M
⊙ seeds from direct collapse. The detection of SMBHs at redshifts z ≳ 10, edging closer to their formation epoch, provides critical observational discrimination between these scenarios. Here, we focus on the JWST-detected galaxy, GHZ 9, at z ≈ 10 that is lensed by the foreground cluster, A2744. Based on 2.1 Ms deep Chandra observations, we detect a candidate X-ray active galactic nucleus (AGN), which is spatially coincident with the high-redshift galaxy, GHZ 9. The SMBH candidate is inferred to have a bolometric luminosity of

(

1.0

−
0.4

+
0.5

)
×

10

46

erg

s

−
1

, which corresponds to a black hole (BH) mass of

(

8.0

−
3.2

+
3.7

)
×

10

7

M

⊙

assuming Eddington-limited accretion. This extreme mass at such an early cosmic epoch suggests the heavy seed origin for this BH candidate. Based on the Chandra and JWST discoveries of extremely high-redshift quasars, we have constructed the first simple AGN luminosity function extending to z ≈ 10. Comparison of this luminosity function with theoretical models indicates an overabundant z ≈ 10 SMBH population, consistent with a higher-than-expected seed formation efficiency.
Discovery of the Longest-period Classical Cepheid in the Milky Way
Authors: Soszyński I. , Skowron D. M. , Udalski A. , Pietrukowicz P. , Gromadzki M. , Szymański M. K. , Skowron J. , Mróz P. , Poleski R. , Kozłowski S. , Iwanek P. , Wrona M. , Ulaczyk K. , Rybicki K. , Mróz M.
Published: April 2024

We report the discovery of the classical Cepheid OGLE-GD-CEP-1884 (= GDS_J1535467-555656) with the longest pulsation period known in our Galaxy. The period of 78.14 days is nearly 10 days longer than that of the previous record-holding Cepheid, S Vulpeculae, and thus, OGLE-GD-CEP-1884 can be categorized as the first ultra-long-period Cepheid in the Milky Way. This star is present in the ASAS-SN and Gaia DR3 catalogs of variable stars, but it has been classified as a long-period variable in those catalogs. Based on more than 10 yr of the photometric monitoring of this star carried out by the OGLE project in the I and V bands and a radial velocity curve from the Gaia Focused Product Release, we unequivocally demonstrate that this object is a fundamental-mode classical Cepheid. By employing the mid-infrared period–luminosity relation, we determine the distance to OGLE-GD-CEP-1884 (4.47 ± 0.34 kpc) and place it on the Milky Way map, along with about 2400 other classical Cepheids. We also discuss the potential of finding additional ultra-long-period Cepheids in our Galaxy.
Cold Dark Matter and Self-interacting Dark Matter Interpretations of the Strong Gravitational Lensing Object JWST-ER1
Authors: Kong Demao , Yang Daneng , Yu Hai-Bo
Published: April 2024

van Dokkum et al. reported the discovery of JWST-ER1, a strong lensing object at redshift z ≈ 2, using data from the James Webb Space Telescope. The lens mass within the Einstein ring is 5.9 times higher than the expected stellar mass from a Chabrier initial mass function, indicating a high dark matter density. In this work, we show that a cold dark matter halo, influenced by gas-driven adiabatic contraction, can account for the observed lens mass. We interpret the measurement of JWST-ER1 in the self-interacting dark matter scenario and show that the cross section per particle mass σ/m ≈ 0.1 cm2 g−1 is generally favored. Intriguingly, σ/m ≈ 0.1 cm2 g−1 can also be consistent with the strong lensing observations of early-type galaxies at redshift z ≈ 0.2, where adiabatic contraction is not observed overall.
“Spiders” on the Moon: Morphological Evidence for Geologically Recent Regolith Drainage into Subsurface Voids
Authors: Kreslavsky Mikhail A. , Head James W.
Published: April 2024

On the Moon, the surface morphology at the scale of meters and tens of meters is typically smooth and subdued due to regolith gardening. Sharp, “crisp,” meter-scale morphologic features are observed only where the regolith is either thin or recently disturbed. Such crisp morphologies are typically created by geologically recent meteoritic impacts of different scales. The prominent exception is so-called irregular mare patches (IMPs), rare small features of debated origin. We report here on the discovery of previously unknown crisp immature morphological features (named “spiders” due to their central circular region and radiating “legs”) not related to impacts and even more rare. The spiders are meters-deep depressions with near-radial chutes open toward the center which make an incipient dendritic pattern 50–80 m in diameter. All spiders found thus far occur in clusters in the same region in Mare Tranquillitatis in the immediate proximity to small IMPs. We interpret spiders as the result of an energetic granular flow of the regolith draining into shallow subsurface voids following the sudden collapse of the roofs of the voids. Regolith gardening destroys the spiders’ legs rapidly, on a timescale of a million years. If the entrance into the subsurface void remains unclogged, a spider appears to evolve into a pit; otherwise it evolves into a gentle depression and finally disappears. Our interpretation of spiders provides a consistent explanation of all of their features, occurrence settings, and associations.
Challenges in Identifying Artificial Objects in the Near-Earth Object Population: Spectral Characterization of 2020 SO
Authors: Battle Adam , Reddy Vishnu , Sanchez Juan A. , Sharkey Benjamin , Campbell Tanner , Chodas Paul , Conrad Al , Engelhart Daniel P. , Frith James , Furfaro Roberto , Farnocchia Davide , Kuhn Olga , Pearson Neil , Rothberg Barry , Veillet Christian , Wainscoat Richard
Published: April 2024

Since the dawn of the Space Age, hundreds of payloads have been launched into heliocentric space. As near-Earth object (NEO) surveys search deeper for small asteroids, more artificial objects in heliocentric orbits are being discovered. We now face a challenge to identify the true nature of these objects and avoid contaminating the NEO catalog. Here, we present the methods used to characterize one such object. 2020 SO was discovered by the Pan-STARRS1 survey on 2020 September 17. Originally classified as a NEO, the object’s artificial nature became evident due to its low velocity relative to Earth and solar radiation pressure affecting its orbit about the Sun. Based on a backward propagation of its orbit, 2020 SO is thought to be a Centaur rocket body (R/B) from the launch of the Surveyor 2 mission to the Moon. We characterized 2020 SO using a range of ground-based optical and near-infrared telescopes to constrain its true nature. We find that its reflectance spectrum is consistent with that of other Centaur R/B launched during a similar time frame, and we identify 1.4, 1.7, and 2.3 μm absorption bands consistent with polyvinyl fluoride used on the aft bulkhead radiation shield exterior of Centaur-D R/B at the time.
Integrating social-ecological outcomes into invasive species management: the Tamarix case
Authors: González-Sargas Eduardo , Shafroth Patrick B. , Baró Francesc
Published: April 2024

Incorporating societal considerations into decisions related to invasive species management is desirable, but can be challenging because it requires a solid understanding of the ecological functions and socio-cultural and economic benefits and values of the invaded environment before and after invasion. The ecosystem service (ES) concept was designed to facilitate such decision-making by establishing direct connections between ecosystem properties and human well-being, but its application in invasive species management has not been systematic. In this Discussion paper, we propose the adoption of the ES cascade model as a framework for understanding the environmental effects, costs and benefits associated with controlling an invasive shrub (Tamarix spp.) in riparian systems of the western United States. The cascade model has the advantage of explicitly dissecting social-ecological systems into five components: ecosystem structure and processes, ecological functions, ecosystem services, benefits and the economic and socio-cultural valuation of these services and benefits. The first two have received significant attention in the evaluation of Tamarix control effectiveness. The last three have long been implicitly acknowledged over decades of Tamarix management in the region, but have not been formally accounted for, which we believe would increase the effectiveness, accountability and transparency of management efforts.
COVID-19 et procédure civile : analyse critique de l’arrêté royal n° 2
Authors: Englebert Jacques
Published: April 2024

L’article analyse les mesures prises par la Gouvernement, dans le cadre des pouvoir spéciaux qui lui ont été accordés par le parlement, en vue de prendre des mesures du lutte contre la propagation du COVID-19, en matière de procédure civile. Plus spécialement, l’auteur passe en revue, de façon circonstanciée et critique, les mesures arrêtées par le ministre de la Justice dans l’arrêté royal n° 2 du 9 avril 2020. À savoir, d’une part, le report de l’échéance des délais pour introduire une action en justice, des délais pour introduire un recours et plus généralement de tous les délais de procédure dont l’expiration pourrait entraîner une déchéance ou toute autre sanction. Et qui, d’autre part, impose que toutes les affaire fixées pendant la période de confinement soient prises en délibéré sans plaidoiries.
Le droit de la circulation en mouvement : Évolution récente
Authors: Dewit Bernard , Van Gheluwe Catherine
Published: April 2024

Il s’agit ici d’une présentation critique des nouveautés et modifications légales et réglementaires en matière de circulation routière pour les années 2019 et 2020. Sont ici visés, notamment, le Code de la route et la loi relative à la police de la circulation routière.
Devoir d’information de l’intermédiaire en assurances : quelle responsabilité en cas de conditions particulières non signées et de déchéance de garantie dans le chef de l’assuré ?
Authors: Charlier Aline , Janssen Céline
Published: April 2024

Dans la précédente question/réponse 1 , nous avions examiné le cas du preneur assuré éventuellement déchu de sa garantie d’assurance vol pour n’avoir pas respecté une mesure de prévention mise à sa charge dans les conditions particulières de son contrat, conditions particulières qu’il n’avait pas signées. Le preneur assuré avait soutenu que les conditions particulières, qui déterminaient la mesure de prévention, ne lui étaient pas opposables car elles n’étaient pas signées par lui. Se posait la question de savoir si le preneur assuré non indemnisé pouvait reprocher à son intermédiaire en assurances de ne pas l’avoir suffisamment informé.
Deux propositions de loi relancent au Parlement le débat sur le partage des droits de pension au sein du couple – Analyse
Authors: Delogne Florence
Published: April 2024

Au cours de cette législature, des propositions de loi 1 visant à prévoir le partage des droits de pension au sein du couple ont été déposées. Ce faisant, les auteurs de ces propositions se font l’écho d’un débat qui existe depuis de nombreuses années. L’accord de gouvernement prévoit d’ailleurs que : « le principe du splitting des droits de pension sera étudié » 2 . La volonté est de tenir compte du fait qu’au sein d’un couple, l’un des partenaires est parfois amené à diminuer volontairement son temps de travail, voire à ne plus travailler pour s’occuper des tâches ménagères, ce qui peut avoir pour effet de diminuer ses droits à la pension, qu’il s’agisse de la pension légale ou de la pension complémentaire. Les réponses que l’on a tenté d’apporter à ce constat étaient variées. Aucune n’a jusqu’à présent pu aboutir car, si l’on peut comprendre l’objectif poursuivi, la mise en œuvre est techniquement très complexe. Par ailleurs, un partage des droits de pension qui ne serait pas bien pensé pourrait créer de nouvelles situations injustes. La prudence est par conséquent de mise. La présente contribution analyse les réponses apportées par ces propositions de loi .
Le Brexit et les assurances
Authors: Devoet Claude
Published: April 2024

La présente contribution évoquera quelques conséquences du départ du Royaume-Uni de l’Union européenne pour les clients des assureurs britanniques ainsi que pour les intermédiaires d’assurance en Belgique (I) 1 . On y rappellera succinctement la situation en matière de droit international privé (II). Les conséquences en matière de droit fiscal seront abordées en finale (III).
Who I am Depends on Where I Am: The Impact of a Sojourn on Home and Host Country Identity
Authors: Arant Regina , Kühn Thomas , Boehnke Klaus
Published: April 2024

Acculturation research convincingly demonstrates that moving to a foreign country may not only cause adaptive changes in an individual’s home country identity but may as well initiate the identification with the receiving society. Nevertheless, the knowledge on how identity formation is influenced by the migration process itself and in how far it may differ for temporary migrants, such as sojourners, is still fragmented. Therefore, this paper aims at extending the existing research by applying a longitudinal mixed methods approach; 176 German high school students were surveyed before, during and after spending one year in the US. Analyses reveal that, in comparison to a control group, transition increased the exchange students’ German identity beyond the sojourn. Furthermore, US identity increased strongly during the exchange but dropped after returning home. Additionally, the results of 24 semi-structured interviews conducted one year after the exchange present insights into the meaning of the development and maintenance of those identities over a period of 2.5 years. The results contribute to the understanding of home and host country identity negotiations by investigating the impact of three triggering events and their qualitative meaning: the anticipation of the exchange, the actual transition to the US and the return to Germany.
Understanding Uzbek Child Rearing as a Mediating Factor in the Government’s Reliance on Child Forced Labor During the Annual Cotton Harvest: A Pilot Project
Authors: Crowley Kathleen
Published: April 2024

In this pilot study, 11 international students studying in the Capital District region of upstate New York completed the Parental Authority Questionnaire (Sensese, Bornstein, Haynes, Rossi, and Venuti, 2012) and two also completed the Parenting Style Questionnaire (Robinson, Mandleeco, Olsen, & Hart, 1995) in an attempt to validate these instruments for diverse cultures. All participants contributed to focus group discussions of parenting attitudes and practices in their home countries to refine the focus group methodology. Two participants from Uzbekistan were interviewed individually to explore parental attitudes and practices that may relate to that country’s ongoing reliance on forced child labor during the annual cotton harvest. Results indicated that the questionnaires did not appear to be valid for international participants. The focus groups, however, provided rich and detailed responses about cultural differences in parenting practices and attitudes, although better recording procedures were needed. Interviews of the two Uzbek nationals provided tentative confirmation of the Eriksonian (1950) assertion that economic and cultural imperatives drive (and are reciprocally shaped by) parenting practices and attitudes, as evidenced by changing Uzbek attitudes toward the use of child labor during the annual cotton harvest as modernization occurs.
Parenting Stress in Immigrant Families of Children With an Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comparison With Families From the Host Culture
Authors: Millau M , Rivard M , Mercier C , Mello C
Published: April 2024

Immigrant families of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) face significant challenges in accessing and using rehabilitation services appropriate for their child’s disorder. Compared to families native to their host country, the stress experienced by these families in relation to their child’s condition may be magnified by their immigrant status. This study compared self-reported parenting stress levels among 24 mothers and 17 fathers who had immigrated to Canada to income-matched, Canadian-born parents. Overall, Canadian-born parents tended to report higher stress levels than immigrant parents, but this may be primarily due to the high stress levels among Canadian-born fathers relative to immigrant fathers and mothers from both types of families. These findings highlight the necessity of using supplemental and specialized stress measures when focusing on immigrant families, for whom stress associated with the immigration process may compound or manifest separately from parenting stress. Cultural influences on the perception of ASD (its causes, treatment, and prognosis), children’s place in the family, and parents’ roles in childrearing may also impact stress.
The Quiet Ego and Its Predictors in Turkish Culture
Authors: Akca Ece , Summer Nebi
Published: April 2024

Although high self-esteem has been seen as a panacea for all sorts of personal and social problems for a long time, recent research has shown its potential negative effects. The concept of quiet ego, defined as a balanced integration with others by turning down the volume of the ego (Bauer & Wayment, 2008), has been coined as a plausible alternative that can mitigate negative effects of fragile high self-esteem. This study aims to examine psychometric properties of the Quiet Ego Scale in Turkish culture, and to investigate its correlates related to personality traits, culture, and well-being. A total of 254 Turkish university students completed the measures of the Quiet Ego Scale, Big Five Personality, happiness, self-esteem, and individualism-collectivism. Factor analyses on the items of the Quite Ego measure supported its construct validity among Turkish participants. As expected, quiet ego was positively associated with the indicators of well-being and certain personality traits. Regression analyses indicated that openness to experience among the personality traits and horizontal collectivism among the cultural orientations were the strongest predictors of quiet ego. Results were discussed considering cultural values and previous findings on quite ego.
Suicide and Culture: Exploring Country-Level Relations between Suicide Rates and Dimensions of Cultural Variability
Authors: Schwarzenthal Miriam , Milfont Taciano
Published: April 2024

Suicide rates vary considerably between nations. This observation suggests that sociocultural characteristics of nations might play an important role in explaining suicidal behavior. In this study we examined country-level associations between suicide rates and dimensions of cultural variability while adjusting for gross domestic product per capita. While some characteristics of modern culture such as intellectual autonomy and secular-rational values were associated with higher suicide rates, characteristics of postmodern societies such as self-expression values and egalitarian commitment were associated with lower suicide rates. Exploratory analyses also showed meaningful associations between suicide rates and other measures of cultural variability such as societal cynicism and long-term orientation. Gender differences were also observed, with hierarchy being positively associated to female but not male suicide rates.
The Experience of Skilled Migrant Women in Switzerland: Challenges for Social and Professional Integration
Authors: Nunes-Reichel Juliana , Santiago-Delefosse Marie
Published: April 2024

Recent studies on migrants’ social and professional integration in Switzerland indicate that migrant women are the most vulnerable group. Researches highlight the “deskilling power” of migration but tend to focus on a descriptive level, without considering the influence of context and the heterogeneity of migrants’ experiences. This qualitative study aims to investigate the meaning of migration and integration process from participants’ point of view: their challenges, strategies and the impact of the migration experience on self-image. Semi-structured interviews (n = 30) were conducted with two groups of skilled migrant women: group one are skilled women who migrated through the invitation of an international company (Expats) and group two are skilled women who migrated and had to find a job by themselves (Indep). Data is analysed by thematic content analysis (assisted by Nvivo). First results indicate that there are similarities between participants’ experiences concerning the importance of their first encounters when arriving in Switzerland. Their migratory project and expectations seem to be key elements for motivating integration strategies. Professional and social integration imply dealing with shifting boundaries of belonging and a dynamic negotiation of self-image between diverse groups, which they consider as a resource but may also lead to different perceptions of deskilling.
Sensory Experience in Interpersonal Physical Attraction: Cross-Cultural Comparison
Authors: Zarubko Elena , Karandashev Victor , Jameson-Charles Madgerie , Hutcheson Stephanie , Carter Jane
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study is to explore the role of visual, auditory, tactile-kinesthetic, and olfactory factors in determining physical attraction to another person in romantic love. Participants from three regions (the USA, Russia, Caribbean countries) completed the survey evaluating the role, which senses play in their attraction to a romantic partner. The questions that were asked were about the importance of the impressions for physical attraction to a partner, rather than the specific physical characteristics, which make a person attractive. Factor analysis identified several factors, which cluster together various sensory experiences, such as expressive behavior, dancing, singing, facial structure, body characteristics, hair and eyes features, voice, expressive manner of speaking, skin, dressing, lips. In all three cultural groups, people value the expressive behavior and smile, expressive speaking, body characteristics and facial structure in their romantic partners. In addition, the participants revealed cross-cultural differences.
Clinical Study of Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Cannabis Derivatives in Patients with Temporomandibular Joint Pathology: Preliminary Study
Authors: Martínez Francisco Martínez , Cabo-Pastor Marta Belén , Carlos-Villafranca Félix De , García-Carrillo Nuria , Jindal Vidushi , Calvo-Guirado José Luis
Published: April 2024

We all know that the use of marijuana is a potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic and possible mechanisms of action and components that can help reduce the effects of pain in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Our study aimed to analyze the anti-inflammatory and analgesic characteristics of cannabis derivatives in patients with temporomandibular pathology. Thirty-six patients were divided into three groups: one was treated with Cannabidiol (CBD) cream, the second was treated with CBD Vaper, and the third was treated with conventional anti-inflammatories such as Ibuprofen 600 mg. All patients underwent a dental computed tomography scan at the beginning and another at the end of treatment 28 days later. In addition to the study treatment of Cannabis and anti-inflammatories, all patients received physiotherapy treatment on day 0, day 14, day 21, and day 28 of the study. The study’s results allow us to evaluate that using the CBD cream with physiotherapy results in a favorable pain reduction of 59%, CBD Vaper with physiotherapy has reduced pain by 35%, and the combined use of ibuprofen medication with physiotherapy has reduced pain by 45%. Therefore, using CBD and physiotherapy allows a biological reduction of pain and inflammation at TMJ. The most significant reduction in analgesia and pain occurred with CBD cream, followed by ibuprofen, which had less effect than CBD Vaper. We can control the pain of the TMJ with the use of CBD and treatment with the physiotherapist that allows us to maintain the dose and time of use of CBD both in cream and in Vaper; this improves the quality of life and returns the patient to cognitive relieving stress and anxiety.
Comparative evaluation of self-pressurized Air-Q® and Proseal™ LMA® in patients undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Rana Savita , Anand Lakesh Kumar , Singh Manpreet , Kapoor Dheeraj , Gupta Deepika , Kaur Harpreet
Published: April 2024

Background and Aims:

Intra-cuff pressure of Air-Q self-pressurized laryngeal airways (Air-Q SP) balances airway pressure and adapts to patient’s pharyngeal and periglottic structures, thus improves oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP).This study was performed to compare efficacy of Air-Q SP with Proseal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) in patients undergoing elective surgery.

Material and Methods:

The study design was prospective, randomized and controlled. Ninety patients were randomly assigned to Air-Q SP or PLMA group. All patients were premedicated and shifted to operation theatre. Monitoring was instituted. After securing IV-line, induction with inj. Morphine + Propofol, relaxation with inj. Vecuronium was done. Supraglottic was inserted according to group allocation. Outcome measures were OLP, fibreoptic view of larynx, success rate, device insertion parameters, haemodynamic and respiratory parameters and post-operative laryngopharyngeal complications. Neostigmine + glycopyrrolate were given, device was extubated.

Results:

All supraglottic airway devices (SADs) were successfully placed in two attempts. The mean initial OLP, OLP at 10 minutes, and device insertion time were significantly lower in Air-Q SP group. Fiber-optic laryngeal view grading was significantly better with Air-Q SP. No significant difference was observed with respect to rate of successful insertion in first attempt, ease of insertion, and manipulations required. The hemodynamic/respiratory parameters and post-operative sore throat in the two both groups were similar.

Conclusions:

Proseal LMA has a higher OLP than Air-Q SP but average insertion time was better, and fiber-optic grading of laryngeal view was shorter with Air-Q SP. However, Air-Q SP and Proseal LMA were both effective for lung ventilation.
Effect of age on the median effective dose and 95% effective dose of intravenous fentanyl for blunting the hemodynamic response to tracheal intubation: A double-blind, up-and-down sequential method trial
Authors: Eiamcharoenwit Jatuporn , Akavipat Phuping
Published: April 2024

Background and Aims:

Control of the hemodynamic response during intubation is essential. To assess the effect of age on the median effective dose (ED50) and 95% effective dose (ED95) of fentanyl for blunting the hemodynamic response to intubation.

Material and Methods:

Patients (n = 86) undergoing general anesthesia were randomly stratified according to age (groups 1–4); fentanyl was administered to each patient according to the Dixon and Massey method, starting at 2 μg/kg. The dose was increased or decreased by 0.5 μg/kg for the subsequent patient, depending on the failure or success of blunting of the hemodynamic response, respectively. Success was defined as a change in heart rate and blood pressure by <20% below the baseline at 1, 3, and 5 min after intubation. ED50 and ED95 were analyzed using R statistical software.

Results:

ED50s of fentanyl in groups 1 (20–35 years), 2 (36–50 years), 3 (51–65 years), and 4 (66–80 years) were 2 μg/kg (90% confidence interval, 1.50–2.50), 2.25 μg/kg (2.00–2.50), 1.89 μg/kg (1.54–2.21), and 1.27 μg/kg (0.72–1.82), respectively. ED95s in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 2.45 μg/kg (2.32–2.96), 2.79 μg/kg (2.58–4.38), 2.44 μg/kg (2.33–3.06), and 2.70 μg/kg (2.30–5.18), respectively. There was a statistically significant incidence of cough in group 2.

Conclusions:

Patients aged 65–80 years required the lowest ED50 of fentanyl dose, whereas patients aged 36–50 years required the highest ED50 and ED95 dose to blunt the hemodynamic response during intubation.
The Signature of Serum MicroRNA Folding Change in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Jawad Ahmed , Hameed Rana M. , Al-Awadi Jasem Hanoon Hashim
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

A class of endogenous single-stranded short noncoding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs) has become important epigenetic regulators of physiological and pathological processes in numerous disorders. They regulate the posttranscriptional expression of many genes to control basic cellular pathways and functions. Many research indicates that miRNAs play a role in the initiation and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

OBJECTIVE:

This study was comprehensively focused on the role of miRNA-146a and impaired cellular functions in RA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A case–control study was conducted on a total of 90 samples, comprising 30 control samples and 60 RA patient samples. Samples of patients were chosen from the Imam Hassan al-Mujtaba Hospital located in Kerbala Governate. RNAClean XP Kit and an RNase-Free DNase Set were used to isolate and purify total RNA. Through statistical analysis, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine how effectively the predicted value worked.

RESULTS:

Patients with RA were shown an increasing level of the folding change of miRNA-146a when compared to the control groups. A comparison of serum level of miRNA-146a fold change in different body mass index (BMI) groups was also performed. The level of folding change was shown a massive increasing that was seen with increasing BMI. It was found that miRNA-146a and folding change were highly significant risk factors in RA.

CONCLUSION:

MiRNAs-164a may be an appealing alternative for usage as biomarkers in clinical applications such as prognosis and disease detection.
Assessment of Hemorrhagic Risk in Maintenance Hemodialysis Population using Different Clinical Tools
Authors: Varghese Arlen , Zachariah Seeba , Jagdale Rajaram
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

End stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD) face an elevated bleeding risk. There are the factors such as body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, and medications such as antiplatelet, anticoagulants, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that increase the bleeding risk. The validity of bleeding risk assessment tools in the ESKD population needs to be studied.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a prospective, observational study in a HD unit at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Ajman. Sixty adult patients on regular maintenance HD sessions were included in the study. Severity of bleeding was categorized based on the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Each patient’s risk of bleeding was assessed monthly using 9 different bleeding risk assessment tools (HASBLED, ATRIA, HEMORR2HAGES, ORBIT, IMPROVE, OBRI, S2TOP-BLEED, intracranial-B2 LEED3S, and Glasgow Blatchford Score for gastrointestinal bleeding) for 6 months’ period. Patients were categorized into low- and high-risk groups according to their risk scores. The predictive power of risk assessment tools was assessed by calculating its sensitivity and specificity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted, and the area under the curve was estimated for each risk assessment tool. Logistic regression model was also done using the SPSS software version 29.

RESULTS:

The mean age of the study group was 56 years, and the average BMI was 27 kg/m2. A total of 20 bleeding events were reported among ten patients (16.7%). The WHO category 1 and WHO category 2 bleeding were observed in 15 and 5 bleeding events, respectively. None had category 3 or 4 bleeding. Bleeding risk was found to be associated with ethnicity and obesity but not to other patient demographic factors or medication use. Based on sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and the area under the ROC curve, HEMORR2HAGES score showed better prediction of bleeding risk compared to the other tools used.

CONCLUSION:

In conclusion, most of the risk assessment tools showed poor predictive value in the maintenance HD population. Existing bleeding risk tools may not be helpful in dialysis patients. A more valid bleeding risk tool needs to be developed for the ESKD patient population.
Red Cell Histograms and Spurious Parameters in Anemia – Study of Diagnostic Utility of Autoanalyzer Results
Authors: Agarwal Saricha , Rajashekar Rajalakshmi Birur , Krishnamurthy Vani
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Red blood cell (RBC) histograms generated by automated hematology analyzers have shown characteristic patterns useful in identifying the different red cell populations and give diagnostic clues. Although the analyzer results are precise, spurious results have been reported owing to preanalytical and analytical variables which warrant the evaluation of validity of other parameters.

AIMS:

The study was meant to evaluate the diagnostic utility of red cell indices and histograms in the morphological diagnosis of anemia and to interpret the spurious values generated by autoanalyzers.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

A retrospective cross-sectional study was undertaken including 917 cases of anemia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The histograms and the red cell indices generated by autoanalyzer Mindray CAL-6000 were studied in all cases and correlated with peripheral smear.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

Analysis was done using Mann–Whitney U-test for medians and interquartile range of numerical variables and Chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables.

RESULTS:

Characteristic patterns were observed in histograms such as left shift, right shift, and bimodal peaks in microcytic hypochromic anemia, macrocytic anemia, and dimorphic anemia, respectively. Spurious parameters in the study comprised high red cell indices, low RBC count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit mismatch in cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Spuriously high mean corpuscular volume was associated with reticulocytosis. In vitro hemolysis was identified by factitious thrombocytosis with abnormal platelet and RBC histograms.

CONCLUSION:

Histograms when combined with red cell indices are of practical utility in differentiating the various morphologic types of anemia and are speculative in alerting the hematologists about the spurious parameters, forming an indispensable diagnostic tool.
Design of Capacitive Power Transfer System with Small Coupling Capacitance for Wireless Power Transfer
Authors: Wang Xin , Wan Xin , Hua Yaodong , Zhao Yunkai , Wang Yuxin
Published: April 2024

Wireless power transfer systems play an important role in the application of modern power supply technology. Wireless charging has been widely used in portable devices such as smartphones, laptops, and even some medical devices. Higher system efficiency can be achieved while reducing costs. This article describes the design of a capacitive power transfer (CPT) system using the Class-E amplifier method. When the capacitance of the coupling plate is small, the operation of Class-E amplifiers under Zero-Voltage-Switching (ZVS) conditions is very sensitive to their circuit parameters. By adding an additional capacitor to the Class-E amplifier, the coupling capacitance can be increased, resulting in better circuit performance. The high efficiency of the Class-E amplifier is verified by simulation and experimental results.