bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Qualitative Study on Digital Transformation and Digital Leadership in Higher Education
Authors: Onan Gaye
Published: December 2024

Digital transformation is a critical continuum that significantly reshapes the management processes, operational functions, and educational methods of higher education institutions (HEIs). As such, effectively managing digital transformation processes in these institutions is crucial. This study aims to investigate the challenges faced during digital transformation in higher education and the role of digital leadership in addressing these challenges. Data for this research were collected from articles focused on digital leadership and digital transformation in higher education, indexed in the Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus databases, and analyzed using the systematic literature review method. The findings reveal that the main obstacles to digital transformation in higher education include deficiencies in technological infrastructure, lack of digital skills and competencies, financial limitations, and resistance to change. Moreover, it was found that digital leadership plays an essential role in navigating the digital transformation process. The study also highlights several strategies that can be employed to overcome these challenges, such as improving internal communication, fostering a culture of innovation, and enhancing digital literacy training. By providing insights into the effective management of digital transformation in higher education, this study aims to assist educational institutions in adapting more effectively to emerging technological, managerial, and educational needs.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pemegang Saham dalam Pemberesan Harta Perseoran Terbatas Terbuka yang Pailit
Authors: Tryadi Louis , Ananingsih Sri Wahyu
Published: December 2024

Konsekuensi hukum bagi Perseroan Terbatas yang dinyatakan pailit adalah bahwa seluruh kekayaan jatuh dalam penyitaan oleh Balai Harta Peninggalan, dan yang melakukan pengurusan dan pemberesan harta pailit adalah kurator dan Hakim pengawas. Dalam Pasal 24 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang mengatur bahwa sejak pengadilan memberikan putusan kepailitan dalam sidang terbuka untuk umum terhadap debitur, akibatnya debitur kehilangan hak untuk mengelola dan menguasai harta bendanya. Namun dalam hal ini UU PKPU tidak mengatur adanya pembagian hasil likuidasi kepada para pemegang saham, padahal pemegang saham adalah pemilik modal dan mempunyai modal seperti yang dijelaskan Oleh karena itu perlu diatur mengenai perlindungan hukum bagi para pemegang saham dalam proses pemberesan harta pailit.
Peran Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban dalam Putusan Pengadilan Terhadap Anak yang Menjadi Korban Kejahatan Seksual
Authors: Silalahi Allena Marvelia , Prasetyo Boedi
Published: December 2024

This study aims to find out the important role of the Witness and Victim Protection Institution (LPSK) in the judicial system in Indonesia. This assessment was carried out by reviewing various relevant regulations, such as Law Number 35 of 2014 and Number 11 of 2012. This study found that LPSK has a crucial function in providing comprehensive protection to victims' children. The protection includes assistance in legal proceedings as well as efforts to recover physical and psychological conditions. The results of this study emphasize the significance of LPSK's role in ensuring that children who are victims of sexual violence receive appropriate justice and protection.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Terhadap Pelaku yang Mempromosikan Judi Online
Authors: Angellina Pricillia , Prasetyo Boedi
Published: December 2024

Indonesia as a country of law prohibits gambling, including the promotion of online gambling, because it is contrary to religious values, Pancasila morals, and endangers society. Criminal provisions related to gambling are regulated in the Criminal Code and the ITE Law, including sanctions for promotion through electronic media. Online gambling is increasingly rampant along with technological advances, driven by promotions by influencers who violate ethics and the law. An example of a case is two celebrities who were arrested for promoting gambling sites. The law strictly prohibits the distribution of gambling content in any form, as regulated in the ITE Law and other regulations. This study uses a normative juridical method, namely a method that emphasizes research on library materials as the main basis. This approach is carried out by analyzing legal regulations, relevant literature, and expert views or theories related to the problems studied. The results of this Online gambling and its promotion are regulated in the ITE Law which prohibits the distribution of gambling information with a criminal penalty of up to 6 years in prison and a fine of IDR 1 billion, as well as the Criminal Code which punishes online gambling promotion with the same criminal penalty. Law enforcement involves digital forensics to collect evidence and provide a deterrent effect, protecting the public from the negative impacts of online gambling.
SAĞLIK HARCAMALARININ EKONOMİK BÜYÜMEYE ETKİSİ: D8 ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ANALİZ
Authors: Ürüt Saygın Serap , İşler Ahmed Rüchan
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, 2000-2020 dönemi için sağlık harcamalarının ekonomik büyümeye etkisi, D8 (Bangladeş, Endonezya, İran, Malezya, Mısır, Nijerya, Pakistan ve Türkiye) ülkelerine ait panel veriler kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada sağlık harcamaları değişkeni olarak kişi başına cari sağlık harcaması ve ekonomik büyüme göstergesi olarak kişi başına düşen gayri safi yurt içi hâsıla değişkeni kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca doğumda beklenen yaşam süresi ile doğumda beklenen bebek ölüm oranı analize kontrol değişken olarak dâhil edilmiştir. Sağlık harcamasının ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkilerinin panel veri analizi yöntemi kullanılarak incelendiği çalışmada, ilk olarak model seçim testleri yapılmıştır. Panel veri analizinde yapılan testler sonrasında sabit etkiler modelinin kullanılması gerektiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu çerçevede modele ilişkin varsayım testleri yapılmış ve model son aşamada Driscoll-Kraay tahmincisi kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda sağlık harcamalarının ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif yönlü etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
Analisis Biaya dan Pemilihan Peminatan Terhadap Ketertarikan Mahasiswa Dalam Program Food and Beverage Service
Authors: Stephanus Fajar Pramono  , Sri Marini
Published: December 2024

The decline in the number of students in the food and beverage service is a concern for AKPAR NHI Bandung. The number of students in the program is not on target and is thought to be closely related to tuition fees and major selection. Cost can be a problem for prospective students to choose the specialization of the food and beverage service program and have a big impact on interest in choosing the program. The formulation of this research problem is how students' interest in choosing food and beverage service specialization and how the cost of education programs. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of fees and specialization selection and to determine how much impact fees and specialization selection have on student interest in food beverage service. The population in this study were students with a sample size of 60 respondents to provide information about interest in choosing a college program. The data analysis technique used in this research is quantitative data analysis where the research analysis method uses path analysis to analyze the research results. The results showed that the specialization selection variable had a greater influence on student interest than the cost variable.
Dark Matter Distinguished by Skewed Microlensing in the “Dragon Arc”
Authors: Broadhurst Tom , Li Sung Kei , Alfred Amruth , Diego Jose M. , Morilla Paloma , Kelly Patrick L. , Sun Fengwu , Oguri Masamune , Williams Hayley , Windhorst Rogier , Zitrin Adi , Abe Katsuya T. , Chen Wenlei , Dai Liang , Fudamoto Yoshinobu , Kawai Hiroki , Lim Jeremy , Liu Tao , Meena Ashish K. , Palencia Jose M. , Smoot George F. , Williams Liliya L.R.
Published: December 2024

Many microlensed stars discovered by JWST closely follow the winding critical curve of A370 along the “Dragon Arc” with m

AB
 > 26.5, which we show comprises asymptotic giant branch stars microlensed by the observed level of diffuse cluster stars, corresponding to ≃1% of the dark matter density. Most events appear along the inner edge of the critical curve, following an asymmetric band of width ≃4.5 kpc that is skewed by −0.7 ± 0.2 kpc. This asymmetry, we argue, follows from the parity difference in caustic structure inherent to microlensing that extends to higher magnification in the negative parity regions. This parity difference predicts a modest net shift of −0.04 kpc to the inside of the cluster critical curve within a narrower band of ≃1.4 kpc than observed. Adding cold-dark-matter-like subhalos of 106−8
M
⊙ doubles the width, but detections are predicted to favor the outside of the critical curve, where the subhalos generate local Einstein rings, and subhalos inside the critical curve depress the magnification, reducing microlensing. Instead, the density perturbations of “wave dark matter” as a Bose–Einstein condensate (ψDM) can generate a wide band of corrugated critical curves with a large negative asymmetry. We find that a de Broglie wavelength of ≃10 pc reproduces the observed width of 4.5 kpc, with a negative skewness ≃−0.6 kpc, like the data, corresponding to a boson mass of ≃10−22 eV, in agreement with dwarf galaxy dynamical estimates. Independently, we also find clear asymmetry in the Jupiter Arc, with 12 microlensed stars lying along the inside of the critical curve, like the Dragon Arc.
A new approach to error inequalities: From Euler-Maclaurin bounds to cubically convergent algorithm
Authors: Vivas-Cortez Miguel , Asif Usama , Javed Muhammad Zakria , Awan Muhammad Uzair , Almalki Yahya , Alsalami Omar Mutab
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we aimed to investigate the error inequality of the open method, known as Euler-Maclaurin's inequality, which is similar to Simpson's rule. We intended to explore some novel Maclaurin-like inequalities involving functions having convexity properties. To further accomplish this task, we built an identity and demonstrated new inequalities. With the help of a new auxiliary result and some well-known ones, like Hölder's, the power mean, improved Hölder, improved power mean, convexity, and bounded features of the function, we obtained new bounds for Euler-Maclaurin's inequality. From an applicable perspective, we developed several intriguing applications of our results, which illustrated the relationship between the means of real numbers and the error bounds of quadrature schemes. We also included a graphical breakdown of our outcomes to demonstrate their validity. Additionally, we constructed a new iterative scheme for non-linear equations that is cubically convergent. Afterwards, we provided a comparative study between the proposed algorithm and standard methods. We also discussed the proposed algorithm's impact on the basins of attraction.
Investigation of fractional-order pantograph delay differential equations using Sumudu decomposition method
Authors: Saleh Alsulami Asrar , Al-Mazmumy Mariam , Ahmed Alyami Maryam , Alsulami Mona
Published: December 2024

This paper combines the Sumudu transform with the Adomian decomposition method to address Caputo-type fractional-order pantograph delay differential equations. It features numerical evaluations that confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methods. The study introduces a powerful computational technique for solving these equations, providing results that establish its efficiency and relevance through comparisons with existing methods. The findings underscore both the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed algorithm.
Applications of mixed finite element method based on Bernstein polynomials in numerical solution of Stokes equations
Authors: Sun Lanyin , Wen Siya
Published: December 2024

The Stokes equation is fundamental in fluid mechanics. We used bivariate Bernstein polynomial bases to construct the function space for mixed finite element methods to solve the 2D Stokes equation. Our results show that the numerical accuracy and convergence order using bicubic and lower-order Lagrange interpolation polynomials are comparable to those achieved with Bernstein polynomial bases. However, high-order Lagrange interpolation functions often suffer from the Runge's phenomenon, which limits their effectiveness. By employing high-order Bernstein polynomial bases, we have significantly improved the numerical solutions, effectively mitigating the Runge phenomenon. This approach highlights the advantages of Bernstein polynomial bases in achieving stable and accurate solutions for the 2D Stokes equation.
Trauma Centers: A Transformation Needed to Save Lives
Authors: Caselli-Belem R. , Lins Renato Diniz
Published: December 2024

O trauma é responsável por 5,8 milhões de mortes anuais no mundo, sendo 90% em países de baixa e média renda. Centros de trauma especializados são essenciais para melhorar a sobrevivência de pacientes gravemente feridos, mas muitos países em desenvolvimento enfrentam desafios para estabelecer esses serviços. O Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal (HBDF), desde sua fundação em 1960, sempre foi referência em casos complexos, mas também enfrentava superlotação, falta de recursos e equipes sem treinamento específico para trauma. Em 2011, após adquirir experiência em Tel-Aviv, Israel, e outras experiências internacionais, iniciamos um projeto para transformar o HBDF em um centro especializado em trauma, com apoio irrestrito da alta gestão do hospital e apoios e parcerias com outros serviços. A equipe do hospital começou a treinar e implementar protocolos de atendimento ao trauma, o que resultou na criação do Serviço de Cirurgia de Trauma e, em 2013, no lançamento de um programa de residência nessa área. Entre 2018 e 2021, o serviço de trauma do HBDF conseguiu reduzir a mortalidade na sala de admissão de trauma em 49%. A experiência do HBDF mostra que a criação de Centros de Trauma em países em desenvolvimento pode depender mais de organização e mudanças culturais do que de grandes investimentos financeiros. A padronização de procedimentos e o treinamento contínuo fazem uma diferença significativa, melhorando os resultados para os pacientes e a qualidade do atendimento hospitalar.
Frailty among Older Adults Who Developed Acute Coronary Syndrome during Hospitalization for Noncardiac Illness and Their Outcome: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: David Arun , Vijayakumar Priya , Vijayakumar M
Published: December 2024

Background:

Atypical presentations of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) delay its recognition and treatment in older adults. During hospitalization, functional decline and delirium which are common to elder patients, lead to prolonged hospitalization, frailty, and poor clinical outcome. Steps taken for its prevention are usually not considered the top priority by the cardiologist. The present study was conducted to identify frailty among older adults who developed ACS during hospitalization for noncardiac illness and their outcome.

Materials and Methods:

Three hundred and ten older adults with ACS were included from June 26, 2020, to October 13, 2020. Subjects were divided into those admitted primarily due to an ACS (Group I, n = 94) and those developing ACS following admission for noncardiac illness (Group II, n = 216). Comorbidities, medications, investigations, management, outcome, and clinical frailty scale were compared between the two groups at the time of admission, after 30 days, and after 6 months.

Results:

Majority of them had non-ST elevation ACS (90.2%) in Group II, and acute kidney injury (27.1%) was the most common reason for admission. Optimum management was given to a lesser extent due to the current clinical condition of these patients. Frailty and physical disability during hospitalization and follow-up were more in Group II.

Conclusion:

Clinicians must be vigilant for the development of frailty when an older adult is admitted to the hospital, as early detection and optimum management provide better clinical and functional outcomes.
Adult Presentation of Anomalous Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery with Severe Mitral Valve Regurgitation from Flail Posterior Leaflet
Authors: Nalawade Digvijay D , Shetty Prakyath , Sadgir Anirudha , Bari Sanket
Published: December 2024

Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital coronary anomaly, which usually presents in infancy, and survival to adulthood is very rare, around 10–15%. We report a 46-year-old female with no risk factors, who presented with a history suggestive of acute left heart failure of two weeks duration. Echocardiography revealed acute severe mitral regurgitation (MR) with flail posterior mitral leaflet (PML) due to chordae tendinae rupture (CTR) with normal left ventricular function and dimensions. There were no features suggestive of infective endocarditis, rheumatic or myxomatous affection of mitral valve. During preoperative workup, coronary angiography revealed the presence of ALCAPA which was confirmed by computed tomography. The patient underwent successful surgical repair of ALCAPA along with mitral valve replacement. The case underscores unusual association of ALCAPA in an adult age with acute severe MR secondary to flail PML due to CTR with a possible ischemic causal relationship.
Metabolomic Signatures Influenced by Different Cardioplegic Solutions in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Karunasumetta Chananya , Chatgasem Chotika , Punchai Suriya , Sawanyawisuth Kittisak
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Cardioplegia is crucial for myocardial protection during cardiac surgery. However, the impact of different cardioplegia formulations on patients’ metabolomic responses has not been explored. The objective is to identify unique metabolomic signatures associated with each cardioplegia type and evaluate their potential correlations with clinical outcomes.

Methods:

A prospective cohort study was conducted from January 2023 to June 2024, involving 105 samples from 21 patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft with modified del Nido, Custodiol®, or St. Thomas cardioplegia. Pre- and postoperative plasma samples were collected for analysis of cardiac enzyme levels and proton nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomic profiling.

Results:

No significant differences in clinical outcomes or cardiac enzyme levels were observed between the groups. However, distinct pre-and postoperative metabolomic profiles were identified. The Custodiol group exhibited significant postoperative metabolomic changes within the first 2 days, with nine differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs). In contrast, modified del Nido cardioplegia affected three DEMs on postoperative day 0, whereas St. Thomas showed no alteration in the postoperative metabolomic profile. These DEMs were associated with protein and energy production, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. Key differential metabolites between the groups included histidine and alanine, which notably impacted the histidine metabolism pathway.

Conclusion:

The findings demonstrate that distinct cardioplegia solutions result in differential postoperative metabolomic alterations, with Custodiol exhibiting the most pronounced shifts, whereas St. Thomas cardioplegia showed no significant postoperative metabolic changes.
Evaluating generative pretraining transformer reliability in addressing dental trauma: A cross-sectional observational study on avulsion and intrusion
Authors: Bordin Rafael Wolanski , Bartnack Caio César , Westphalen Vânia Portela Ditzel , Gasparello Gil Guilherme , Bark Mohamad Jamal , Gava Thaís Nogueira , Tanaka Orlando Motohiro
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized digital communication, enhancing interactions between humans and computers. This study explores the application of Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer 3.5 (ChatGPT-3.5), in providing accurate information on dental trauma.

Materials and Methods:

Utilizing a dataset of 45 self-generated questions across three topics, general dental trauma, avulsion, and intrusion, ChatGPT-3.5 generated responses that were subsequently evaluated by five endodontic experts, each with over a decade of experience. The evaluators used a Likert scale to assess the quality of the AI-generated answers, synthesizing reliable scientific evidence and clinical expertise to ensure a thorough analysis. The data obtained from the evaluators’ scores were organized and analyzed using Microsoft Excel software and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25. For each question, descriptive statistics including the median and interquartile range were computed.

Results:

The study found that ChatGPT provided reliable information across the three assessed dental topics. Avulsion was rated the highest (4.40 ± 0.717), significantly outperforming general dental trauma (3.97 ± 0.885) (P = 0.005). Intrusion received a rating of 4.13 ± 0.794, showing no significant difference compared to the other topics. Most evaluator scores fell into the “Good” (44.0%) and “Very Good” (38.7%) categories. This indicates a generally positive appraisal of ChatGPT’s performance, with a fair agreement among evaluators, evidenced by a combined Fleiss’s kappa coefficient of 0.324. However, there was variability, particularly with Evaluator 4’s scores differing significantly from those of evaluators 1 and 2.

Conclusions:

ChatGPT’s responses on general dental trauma, avulsion, and intrusion were generally rated positively, with avulsion responses deemed the most reliable. The study underscores the need for continuous evaluation to maintain the accuracy, reliability, and safety of AI-generated content in endodontics, suggesting AI should serve as a supplementary tool rather than a primary information source.
Qualitative and quantitative assessment of solite RE black and HyFlex remover systems for endodontic retreatment - An in vitro nano-computed tomography analysis
Authors: Valan Annie Sylvea , Solete Pradeep , Antony S. Delphine Priscilla , Ramamoorthi Surendar , Alasqah Mohannad , Arunachalam Vasaki
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

The successful outcome of endodontic retreatment heavily relies on the thorough removal of root canal filling materials. This study aimed to quantitatively and qualitatively assess the efficacy of various retreatment file systems using nano-computed tomography (nano-CT) imaging.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty recently extracted human mandibular molars with mesial roots having curvatures <20° were chosen and sectioned to 16 mm in length. The root canals were prepared with the ProTaper Gold system up to size F2 and they were filled with gutta percha and AH Plus sealer. After obturation, all the samples were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 15 each) for retreatment: Group 1 utilized Solite RE Black retreatment files, while Group 2 employed Coltene HyFlex Remover files. Nano-CT imaging was employed to measure pre- and postoperative volumes of remaining filling material and remaining dentin thickness and the time taken for retreatment was measured in seconds. The obtained values were analyzed statistically (P < 0.05).

Results:

Nano-CT analysis showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the volume of remaining filling material between the Solite RE Black and Coltene HyFlex Remover groups. However, no significant difference was observed in the time required for gutta-percha removal. The Solite RE Black system showed comparatively less dentin removal than the Coltene HyFlex Remover system (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The Solite RE Black retreatment file system demonstrated promising efficacy in removing filling material while preserving dentin integrity compared to the Coltene HyFlex Remover system. These findings support its potential as an effective tool for endodontic retreatment, emphasizing the need for further clinical trials to validate its performance across various clinical scenarios.
Endodontic management of mandibular permanent canine with two roots and two root canals using cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Alfahadi Hadi Rajeh , Alyami Yahia Abdullah , Alkazman Fawaz Hamad , Al Fadhil Mohammed Hamad , Alyami Saleh Abdullah , Alyami Ali Mohammed , Alsalem Mohammed Faraj
Published: December 2024

A thorough understanding of the root canal systems of various human teeth can facilitate successful root canal treatment. The mandibular canines typically have one root and one canal. Mandibular canines with two roots are uncommon. This case report describes the examination of occlusion erosion and deep caries that had reached the pulp chamber in the mandibular canine of a 56-year-old healthy Saudi female patient referred to the endodontic clinic for evaluating the left mandibular canine. Radiographic evaluation revealed a widening of the periodontal ligament and periapical radiolucency and the presence of two roots. Two roots with two root canals were observed on cone-beam computed tomography. The tooth responded to a sensitivity test and was tender upon percussion and palpation. Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis diagnosis were established, and nonsurgical root canal treatment was performed using a dental operating microscope. At follow-up, the patient’s symptoms had completely disappeared.
Antibacterial activity and smear layer removal efficiency of silver nanoparticles as a final irrigant against Enterococcus faecalis using confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Chandran Neena , Ramesh Sindhu
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have garnered significant attention for their potent antibacterial properties, making them promising candidates for use as root canal irrigants in endodontics. The persistent presence of Enterococcus faecalis in treated root canals often leads to endodontic failures. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of neem-synthesized AgNPs, chemically synthesized AgNPs, sodium hypochlorite (2.25%), and saline solution in reducing viable bacteria and removing smear layers in E. faecalis-infected mandibular premolar teeth.

Materials and Methods:

After decoronation, mandibular premolar, single-rooted, teeth (120) were instrumented until ProTaper Gold F3. In all samples, inoculation of E. faecalis was done and divided into four groups depending on the irrigating solution used into Group A: neem-synthesized AgNPs, Group B: chemically synthesized AgNPs, Group C: sodium hypochlorite (2.25%), and Group D: saline solution. After irrigation, roots were divided longitudinally and analyzed for confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Data were statistically analyzed using Tukey’s honestly significant difference test.

Results:

The minimum reduction in live bacteria percentage was seen in Group C rather than Groups A and B; although there was no significant difference between them. Group D showed the maximum percentage of live bacteria and a greatest score of smear layer compared to other groups. In contrast to Group B, Group A scored higher, although the results were nonsignificant. Group C showed the least score of smear layer presence. The P value between the experimental groups was found to be <0.05, indicating statistical significance.

Conclusion:

Both neem-synthesized AgNp and sodium hypochlorite irrigants reduced the proportion of viable bacteria most significantly. This work demonstrates the possibility of employing nanoparticles as an irrigant that can effectively remove smear layers while also acting as an antimicrobial.
Use of bioactive glass in combination with or without calcium hydroxide changes the biological and mechanical properties of dentin: An in vitro study
Authors: Salkoska Yildizbas Azra , Uysal Betul Aycan , Kucuk Keles Oznur , Belli Sema
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is the most commonly used medicament in endodontics. This study aimed to investigate the effect of bioactive glass (BG) use with or without Ca(OH)2 on the biological and mechanical properties of dentin.

Materials and Methods:

Standard holes were created to simulate root canals on 84 dentin slices. Four groups were formed according to the medicament placed in the root canals: Ca(OH)2; Ca(OH)2 + 7% BG; BG and control. Scanning electron microscopy analysis to evaluate the dentin surfaces exposed to the test medicaments and energy dispersive X-ray analysis to observe apatite formation were used on the 1st, 7th, and 14th days. X-ray diffraction measurements were performed to investigate mineral phase formation. Microhardness and pH measurements were also carried out. Data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests (P < 0.05).

Results:

The Ca(OH)2 and control groups showed the highest Ca and P mineral content on the 14th day, whereas the lowest Ca and P content was found in the Ca(OH)2 + BG group (P < 0.05). A gradual decrease in crystal formation was found in the Ca(OH)2 + BG group from the 1st day to the 14th day. The highest microhardness measurements were also recorded in the Ca(OH)2 + BG group (P < 0.05). The Ca(OH)2 + BG group showed the highest pH measurements (P = 0.001).

Conclusions:

Ca(OH)2 + BG can be an alternative intracanal medicament. Further studies should be performed to determine the clinical implications of this combination.
Evaluating the effectiveness of cone-beam computed tomography reverse contrast images in the diagnosis of vertical root fractures: An in vitro pilot study
Authors: Mortazavi Samareh , Hasanpour Saeedeh , Anbiaee Najmeh , Rouhani Armita , Naghavi Neda , Babazadeh Saber , Shiezadeh Iman
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) reverse contrast images in the diagnosis of vertical root fractures (VRFs).

Materials and Methods:

In this study, 20 single-canal premolar teeth without cracks and internal resorption were selected and after root canal treatment, divided into two: experimental and control groups. In each of the teeth in the experimental group, an artificial fracture was created with the SANTAM device, then the teeth of both groups were randomly placed in the dental sockets of a dry mandible, and after preparing CBCT images of the teeth, the images were processed by reverse contrast software. Initial and reverse contrast images were examined by two radiologists and two endodontists. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22.

Results:

Observers reported higher sensitivity and positive and negative predictive value in normal contrast images than in reverse contrast images, but the specificity reported by endodontists in reverse contrast images was slightly higher than in normal contrast images. In comparing the results of radiologists and endodontists, there was a significant agreement in the review of the initial images (κ =0/59), but there was no significant agreement in the images with reverse contrast (κ = −0/1). There was not any notable distinction observed in the assessment of normal and reverse contrast images among the observers, nor in the comparison between radiologists and endodontists, except for the examination of normal contrast images by the two groups of radiologists and endodontists (P = 0.00). From this, it can be inferred that the diagnostic power of reverse contrast images in identifying VRFs is inferior to that of normal contrast images (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

According to the obtained results, it was concluded that reverse contrast CBCT images are not effective in diagnosing VRFs and cause error in diagnosis.
Comparative evaluation of smear layer removal and dentin wettability using 1% phytic acid with and without 0.2% chitosan nanoparticles: An in vitro study
Authors: Halkai Rahul , Halkai Kiran R. , Mahveen Syeda Uzma
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

The success of endodontic treatment depends on the complete removal of the smear layer from the root canal and the enhanced wettability of the irrigants employed during treatment. However, none of the irrigants efficiently accomplish this; thus, the purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the elimination of the smear layer and wettability of root dentin using the combination of 0.2% Chitosan nanoparticles(CSN) with 1% phytic acid (PA).

Materials and Methods:

About 100 extracted single-rooted human premolar teeth were decoronated and standardized to 13 mm root length. Fifty specimens were tested for smear layer removal and another half for wettability (n = 50) after final irrigation in five groups: Group 1 – normal saline (control), Group 2 – 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), Group 3 – 17% EDTA with 0.2% CSN, Group 4 – 1% PA, and Group 5 – 1% PA with 0.2% CSN. After root canal instrumentation and final irrigation, the specimens were observed under scanning electron microscope for the smear layer. Wettability was determined using dentin blocks obtained (n = 50) by resecting the apical third of each specimen, treated with irrigants in aforementioned groups, and the contact angle was measured using a goniometer. Statistical analysis was done using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests (P < 0.05).

Results:

A combination of 1% PA with 0.2% CSN showed higher smear layer removal and increased wettability.

Conclusions:

The incorporation of 0.2% CSN to 1% PA was effective in removing the smear layer and increased the dentinal wettability.
COVID-19 and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: A review of the intersection of viral infection and hyperinflammation
Authors: Yadav Geeta , Dandu Himanshu , Charan Samson
Published: December 2024

Severe cases of COVID-19 often result in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and life-threatening pneumonia. Individuals with severe COVID-19 frequently display a hyperinflammatory immune response, which shares overlapping features with conditions such as secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) and macrophage activation syndrome. This review delves into the hyperinflammatory immune response observed in severe COVID-19, compares its similarities and differences with sHLH, and investigates potential reasons for these distinctions.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding telemedicine in the people who have suffered from COVID-19: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shah Raj C. , Shah Smita A.
Published: December 2024

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

Telemedicine is an affordable use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to enable healthcare services. COVID-19 has affected traditional in-person healthcare services. Hence, there was a need for the development of new strategies and approaches including telemedicine and telehealth. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge of telemedicine technology among the people after having suffered from COVID-19 infection, to possibly determine the future of this technology in our country, and to understand the barriers to the implementation of this technology.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A total of 200 people were enrolled in this cross-sectional study carried out for a period of 2 months. The data collection in the study was performed solely on the basis of self-administered questionnaire. Data were collected during a single instance when the participant agreed to enroll in the study. The study was continued until 200 satisfactory results were obtained from all the desired types of target population, and an appropriate and correct analysis of this topic could be made so that the objective of this study can be met successfully.

RESULTS:

The mean age of the study population was 36.01 years. Out of a total of 200 people, 141 (70.5%) people knew what telemedicine is, whereas 59 (29.5%) people did not know what telemedicine is. One hundred and thirty-two (66%) people did not use this technology before the COVID-19 pandemic hit the world. One hundred and seventy-seven (88.5%) people were satisfied with the treatment they were given using this technology. One hundred and twenty-six (63%) people thought that they were provided more attention by the doctor during the course of their treatment through telemedicine technology. One hundred and eighty-eight (94%) people found this technology reliable. 93.5% of people think that the implementation of telemedicine is necessary. In the prepandemic era, the majority of the people (63.5%) thought telemedicine was not so useful in treatment or in day-to-day life. In the postpandemic times, almost all (95.5%) of the population think that telemedicine is necessary and should be implemented and it can succeed in India.

CONCLUSION:

There was a great impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in changing people’s perspectives toward telemedicine technology. On comparing prepandemic and postpandemic times, now there is much-increased usage of telemedicine. There is an increase in the number of people who have the knowledge of this technology. People have a positive attitude toward telemedicine. These findings suggest that if implemented properly on a large scale, telemedicine would be welcomed by the people. However, there are some barriers that need to be addressed. There is a need to do research on the different possible challenges and to suggest methods to overcome them.
Percepción de la sustentabilidad en el contexto de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible: Estudio de caso en la comuna Concepción, Chile
Authors: Montoya Yañez Josefa Antonia , Salgado Vargas Marcela Andrea , Baeza Freer Ana Carolina
Published: December 2024

En este estudio se analiza la relación entre la percepción ambiental y la actitud ciudadana en Concepción, Chile, así como su contribución a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. Utilizando un enfoque secuencial y metodologías mixtas, se analizaron respuestas de 100 residentes a encuestas presenciales y online, empleando el software SPSS para el análisis estadístico. Observándose que la población encuestada, mayoritariamente femenina, mostró una percepción ambiental intermedia a alta, con especial énfasis en la crítica sobre la calidad del aire y la gestión de residuos; además de una actitud proactiva hacia el cambio climático y la gestión ambiental. Se encontró una correlación significativa entre la percepción ambiental y la contribución a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, especialmente en temas de agua, energía, ciudades sostenibles, consumo responsable y acción climática. Los resultados subrayan la importancia de la sensibilización, participación ciudadana y educación ambiental para avanzar en la implementación de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. Se recomienda reforzar la educación ambiental y la participación comunitaria para enfrentar eficazmente los retos ambientales y lograr los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en la comuna.
WHY CARE ABOUT LIBRARIES?
Authors:   Bangor University – Bangor, CRYSTAL David
Published: December 2024

In a world where economic pressures are forcing governments to make savings, a local library is often one of the first targets. Libraries are an unnecessary luxury, so the argument goes, and can be closed without loss. This paper argues the contrary, bringing together a raft of writers who strongly affirm the importance of libraries for individuals, societies, and civilization as a whole.
PHYTONYMS OF MONTENEGRO PROJECT
Authors: PULEVIĆ Vukić
Published: December 2024

So far, there has not been any organized venture in Montenegro that would deal with the study of Montenegrin phytonymy in the full sense of the word. Mostly everything was reduced to the occasional notes of individual authors and partial data in books with some other content. In order for the Phytonyms of Montenegro project to begin as thoroughly as possible, it was necessary to collect as much historical information as possible. The preparation of a phytonymy dictionary is a highly complex lexicographic undertaking with the mandatory multidisciplinary co-operation of linguists, botanists, and ethnologists (for example, traditional medicine). First of all, the dictionary should be comprehensive – to include all the national names of plants that are in use in Montenegro, regardless of whether these names are autochthonous or imported from other parts of the Štokavian area, or, in turn, obtained by translations and borrowing from foreign languages. One of the main tasks for the future authors of the dictionary should be the affirmation of those names that were widely used in Montenegro, but were suppressed over time and replaced by invasive allochthonous names. Primarily, it is nece‑ssary to choose those names that are grounded in Montenegrin phytonymy.
FEMINATIVES IN MACEDONIAN AND MONTENEGRIN LANGUAGE
Authors:   Филолошки факултет „Блаже Конески“, Универзитет „Кирил и Методиј“ ‒ Скопје, САЗДОВ Симон
Published: December 2024

The paper discuses the feminatives ‒ feminine gender nouns that exclusively denote female sex beings ‒ in Macedonian and Montenegrin. The main point of interest is their word-formation in both languages. Taking into account the situation in the latest orthographic dictionaries of both Macedonian and Montenegrin, the author discuses the presence of these nouns in the respective languages.
BOSNIAN, CROATIAN, MONTENEGRIN, AND SERBIAN IN U.S. COLLEGE CLASSROOMS
Authors:   University of Washington – Seattle, BELIĆ Bojan
Published: December 2024

The present paper discusses research conducted between December 19, 2016, and January 16, 2017, among U.S. teachers of the language formerly known as Serbo-Croatian or Croato-Serbian, with the goal of eliciting teachers’ perceptions of the presence of Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, and Serbian in their own classrooms. The teachers reported a variety of at least eight major issues in the present-day teaching of Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, and Serbian simultaneously over a single class period, which presented the complexity of the endeavour of their teaching. The reality, as perceived and reported by the teachers themselves, is very much an imbalanced one. Specifically, Croatian and Serbian are almost omnipresent compared to Bosnian and Montenegrin, of which the former, in certain respects only, appears to be catching up with the dominant two. Montenegrin’s representation is not up to par with the other three.
VALORISATION OF ĆAMIL SIJARIĆ’S SPOKEN AND WRITTEN DISCOURSE
Authors:   Filozofski fakultet, MURATAGIĆ-TUNA Hasnija
Published: December 2024

Ćamil Sijarić is one of the greatest and most translated authors of our region. His contemporaries, namely writers, literary critics, linguists, and ot‑hers, as well as Sijarić himself, have discussed his language used in spoken and written discourse. Most often they emphasize that they listened to him with great pleasure, that he had a natural gift for narration and oration, and that he was connected to native / vernacular speech pattern, as he was largely inspired by the speech of his native land. The contemporaries have compared Sijarić with other writers, but only the most famous ones. However, the author of this paper reveals that Sijarić not only had a natural talent, but had studied the arts of narration and oration, showing also that he had integrated the vernacular speech pattern of his birth region into his literary wording, but not utterly or simply copying it. Sijarić’s language is a stylistic one; defined by literary-interpretation-prone experts as an impressionistic one, and discussed by linguists on the bases of exact solid data. The author also reflects on the naming of Ćamil Sijarić’s language.
TEMLIN’S MALI KATECHISMUS AND KARDOŠ’S D. LUTHER MARTINA MÁLI KǍTEKISMUS (At the 500th anniversary of the Reformation)
Authors:   Univerza v Mariboru Filozofska fakulteta, JESENŠEK Marko
Published: December 2024

The discussion compares two translations of Luther's short catechism; namely that of Temlin (1715) and Kardoš (1837). Temlin has been translating the catechism based on Hungarian template. Kardoš used foreign-language templates along with Temlin’s translation, while adjusting for linguistic changes, which have arisen in Prekmurje standard language in the period of over 130 years. Compared to Temlin, Kardoš has additionally shorten the catechism, while consistently citing the corresponding passages from the Bible. Both catechisms were intended to serve as a preparation for the translation of the entire Bible into Prekmurje standard language. However this never materialized due to the fact that in mid-19th century, Carniolian and Prekmurje languages merged into creation of unified Slovene standard language.Present discussion is a comparison of the original print from 1715 (Temlin: Mali katechismus, touje tou krátki návuk vöre kerschánszke) and Kardoš's original print from 1837 (D. Luther Martina Mali kátekismus ali glavni návuk szvéte vere krsztsanszke. Naime Zâ deczo szpráviscs evangelicsanszki. Vödáni po Kardos Jánosi).Temlin's Mali katechismus served not only as a religious book, but also as an attempt at shaping a standard language norm, which would allow for a translation of the Bible into Prekmurje language. In the foreword, Temlin often summarizes passages from the Old and the New Testament (Ezekiel, First Epistle of Clement), or is citing his existing translations of the passages from the First Epistle of Clement, Epistle to the Ephesians, and First Epistle of Peter. By that, he demonstrates the expressive power of the Prekmurje language. In his work, Temlin strived for distinguishing his language from the dialects, as well as for distinguishing it form (Slovene) Carnolian and (Croatian) Kajkavian languages.
Kardoš translated D. Luther Martina Mali kátekismus from Hungarian and German, while also taking into account the existing translation form Temlin, which he additionally shorted. In his translation, Kardoš used several references to the Bible, which shows that he has been considering a new, complete translation of the Bible into Prekmurje language. By using the language, he strived for preserving Slovene Protestant movement between rivers Mura and Raba.
ON THE EVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL DISCOURSE PRACTICES (CASE STUDY OF THE NAME RACE)
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Russia, KRAPIVKINA A. Olga
Published: December 2024

The article describes discourse practices as changeable linguistic and semiotic activities. The purpose of the research is to analyse the evolution of discourse practices based on the dynamic transition from the concept into the notion and term as a result of socialization of viewpoints of communicants. The novelty of the article is due to the study of legal discourse through the semiotic entities which helps follow the evolution of discourse practices in legal settings. The evolution of discourse practices was analysed by studying the name ‘race’ in legal texts. Evolution of discourse practices is described as follows: at the first stage, there is a dispersion of features and no united nomination (Discourse of Differences); at the second stage, the semiotic entity acquires a nomination as a result of negotiating the features (Discourse of Concord); at the third stage, the semiotic entity evolves into the term (Dis‑course of Expert Community). The article emphasizes that in modern semiosis, knowledge can develop other than described above – the term can evolve into the notion or the notion can evolve into the concept. In modern semiosis, the interpretant can assume unlimited characteristics, and the term can be used as a manipulative instrument and a basis for producing Discourse of Differences. Linguistic and semiotic analysis of evolution of legal discourse practices helped identify a promising research field – a dialectical transformation of knowledge from the term into the notion or from the notion into the concept, study of trends of dialectic mechanisms of transition from one discourse practice into another one in violation of the described scheme ‘Discourse of Differences – Discourse of Concord – Discourse of Expert Community’.