bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regeneration design of mining brownfield based on nature-based solutions
Authors: Tu Kangwei , Niu Yilin , Reith Andras
Published: April 2024

Mining industry once was a strong contributor to the economic development of cities and created economic benefits for human beings, but ecological problems are increasing day by day. This study takes the quarry in Nagykovacsi, Hungary as an example, and through comprehensive evaluation of the site, utilizes nature-based solutions to carry out the design practice of seeking new development vitality and opportunities for the brownfield site after mining. Finally, it summarizes the ecological remediation concepts and strategies suitable for mining brownfield sites, and contributes to the reuse of urban land space and the creation of a favourable ecological environment.
The association between the years and modes of sports training and levels of moral competence across eleven sports
Authors: Bronikowska Małgorzata , Bronikowski Michał
Published: April 2024

Background and Study Aim. Research on moral competency in sports is rare, and findings are inconsistent. These findings point to moral development as a multifaceted and complex process. This process is mediated by various life situations and dilemma choices. Sport can play a crucial role in this area with its often ‘role-taking’ experience and confrontations with personal moral standards. This study aimed to analyze the relationship of competency levels and sport experience across different sports.
Material and Methods. A sample of university students in sport-related faculties (N = 947) was assessed with the use of Moral Competence test (MCT). The group was divided into 11 predetermined types of sports, training modes (amateur/professional), and indicated years of training practice.
Results. The general moral competency level in the overall researched sample of students was low, but similar to their peer-age reference groups found in relevant literature. The findings indicated some differences in moral competency levels between amateurs and professionals. Amateurs showed a higher competency levels in five types of sports (non-invasion games, martial arts/fighting sports, aquatic boating sports). In contrast, professionals showed a higher competency level in dance sports. The only positive, moderate correlation between years of training and moral competency level was found with professional athletes in aquatic boating sports: the longer they trained, the higher their moral competency level was.
Conclusions. These results offer new insight into the impact of sports on moral development and can act as a solid foundation for further in-depth research in this area.
Participation motivation in disabled athletes
Authors: Tüzer Bekir Furkan , Demirel Havva
Published: April 2024

Background and Study Aim. Sports have significant effects on individuals of all ages and levels, particularly for those with disabilities. These effects are seen in terms of self-expression and competence skills. The aim of this study was to measure the motivation levels of disabled athletes in their participation in sports.
Material and Methods. The study involved 151 voluntary participants. The 'Motivation Scale for Participation in Sports for Disabled Individuals' was utilized. Independent t-tests and One-Way ANOVA multiple comparison tests were employed to compare differences between two independent groups and determine variations between variables.
Results. Significant differences were found in the motivation levels of disabled individuals in terms of gender, disability status, nationality, type of sport, and social status factors. Female participants were found to have higher levels of both internal and external motivation compared to males. It was determined that the internal motivation of individuals with hearing impairments is higher than those with visual and intellectual disabilities. Additionally, the external motivation levels of individuals with physical, visual, and hearing impairments are higher than those with intellectual disabilities. National athletes have been found to have high levels of external motivation. Furthermore, there is a significant difference in the internal and external motivations of individual sports participants compared to those participating in team sports. No significant differences were found in the duration of participants' athletic careers. Individuals who gained social status through sports were found to have high levels of external motivation.
Conclusions. Among the positive effects of sports in human life, it is observed that there are many positive values that sports bring to individuals. This includes the internal and external motivation it provides. Sports have significant effects on self-expression and self-sufficiency skills for individuals of all ages and levels, especially for individuals with disabilities. In this context, the participation of disabled individuals in sports becomes crucial in terms of their personal development and facilitating their lives, both physiologically, psychologically, and sociologically.
Examining the effects of attention and concentration levels on reaction time in fencing
Authors: Aydın Ömer , Doğan Erman , Sevilmiş Ezgi , Karagülmez Sağlam Çiğdem
Published: April 2024

Background and Study Aim. Attention and concentration, fundamental psychological skills, are crucial in situations where the opponent moves rapidly and incessantly. Reaction time is also of paramount importance in winning a game in fencing, which requires both offensive and defensive actions. Understanding the factors that affect reaction time is essential for improving performance. This study aimed to investigate the impact of disruptions in attention and concentration on reaction time in fencing.
Material and Methods. Thirty-four healthy male and female fencers participated in two testing sessions. In the initial session, participants filled out a personal information form and took the d2 Attention Test to determine their attention levels. They also completed items representing the concentration disruption subscale of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) to measure concentration levels. In the second session, participants underwent the Favero Electronic Fencing Target (EFT-1) test to measure their reaction times. To analyze the obtained data, SPSS 20 was used. The Pearson correlation coefficient between attention, concentration disruption, and participants' reaction times was calculated. Then, linear regression analysis was employed to test whether attention and concentration scores could predict the reaction times.
Results. The findings indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between E (r = .603, p < .01), E% (r = .628, p < .01), E1 (r = .584, p < .01), E2 (r = .533, p < .01), and reaction time. Additionally, a significant negative relationship was revealed between concentration performance and reaction times (r = -.456, p < .01). A significant positive correlation was observed between fencers' concentration disruption and reaction times (r = .416, p < .05).
Conclusions. Our study results emphasize the importance of attention and concentration in disciplines that require quick reactions. These cognitive factors need to be considered in the development of sports performance.
Functional movement screen score to predict injury risk of sports students: a review of foot shape and body mass index
Authors: Anam Khoiril , Setiowati Anies , Indardi Nanang , Irawan Fajar Awang , Pavlović Ratko , Susanto Nugroho , Aditia Eva Ayu , Muhibbi Muhammad , Setyawan Hendra
Published: April 2024

Background and Study Aim. Excessive physical activity poses a risk of injury, particularly when coupled with high exercise intensity. Factors such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and foot morphology may contribute to this risk. This study seeks to evaluate the relationship between BMI, foot shape, and the likelihood of injury among sports students.
Material and Methods.  A total of 119 sports students, comprising 33 females and 86 males, participated in this study. Purposive sampling was employed to select participants. BMI was determined using height and weight measurements, while foot shape was assessed through footprint measurements. The Functional Movement Screening (FMS) instrument, encompassing 7 movements: Deep Squats, Hurdle Steps, Inline Lunges, Shoulder Mobility, Active Straight Leg Raises, Trunk Stability Push-ups, and Rotary Stability, was utilized to assess injury risk. Data analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS v.25.0, employing descriptive statistics.
Results. Based on data analysis, the FMS value in females shows a mean of 18.7 and a standard deviation of 1.21. At the same time, the FMS value in males shows 18.5 and a standard deviation of 1.41. BMI values in females showed a mean of 21.6 and a standard deviation of 3.03. At the same time, BMI values in males showed a mean of 22.9 and a standard deviation of 4.62. The results  were that all FMS scores were ≥14. While  of BMI measurements, some samples obtained ˂18 kg/m² and ˃30kg/m². BMI measurements according to gender were mainly in the normal weight category. However, those who fall into the obesity category are primarily males.  With the results of measuring the foot's shape, the percentage of flat feet is only 0.84% in females and 7.59 in males, while the rest of the sample has a normal foot shape.
Conclusions. Individuals with a BMI in the overweight to obese category are more susceptible to high-category injuries, likely due to limited motion range. However, the study did not find evidence linking flat foot shape to high-category injury risk. This inability to establish a correlation may be attributed to the predominantly normal foot shape observed in the sample, resulting in a prediction of low-category injury risk.
Parental ideologies in multilingual Family Language Policies in the Basque Autonomous Community (Spain)
Authors: Garcia-Ruiz Maite , Manterola Ibon , Ortega Ane
Published: April 2024

The study of Family Language Policy (FLP) with a minority language has most often focused on the policies on the minority language within the framework of the hegemonic position of a majority language. This article, however, takes the view that a multilingual approach is needed to better understand parental decisions in their FLPs when a foreign language is also present in the education of their children. The data presented in this article is based on a PhD research project which studies the FLPs of Basque parents living in a mostly Spanish-speaking area of the Basque Autonomous Community (BAC) and whose children attend a Basque-medium school with early introduction of English as the L3. Results show that their ideological positioning in relation to Basque, the different values attached to each of their children’s languages, as well as their ideas about multilingualism determine to a great extent their FLPs. Whilst all parents support Basque and positively value learning English, some differences have been identified: Basque is prioritised above all by the most activist parents, who establish an iron-cast hierarchy among languages; English has been found to have a clear value and function, but its place in this hierarchy varies; and in all cases, Spanish is considered to be guaranteed and not requiring special ad hoc strategies. The study confirms the ideological positioning in relation to the minority language as a key factor in minority language FLPs, but also shows the impact of ideas about multilingual upbringing in their decisions, their expectations, and the degree of satisfaction or frustration with results.
CREAS e Covid-19: Desafios e Perspectivas da Psicologia no Norte de Minas
Authors: Leite Júnior Nilson de Jesus Oliveira , Rabelo Gabriela Luíza Nunes , Serafim Jaciany Soares , Brandão Viviane Bernadeth Gandra
Published: April 2024

Resumo: Este artigo analisa os desafios e estratégias de atuação de psicólogas(os) nos Centros de Referência Especializados de Assistência Social (CREAS) do norte de Minas Gerais durante a pandemia de covid-19. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, quanti-qualitativo, de corte transversal e com análise de conteúdo e estatística para a interpretação de dados primários e meio de questionário eletrônico, emergiram os seguintes eixos temáticos: (a) Perfil sociodemográfico das(os) trabalhadoras(es); (b) Medidas de prevenção à contaminação para quem? Impactos da pandemia na práxis da psicologia no CREAS; (c) Chegada das demandas no CREAS; e (d) Tenuidade entre as potencialidades e vicissitudes do uso das tecnologias digitais. Observou-se que a inserção das(os) trabalhadoras(es) nos CREAS é marcada por contratos temporários, altas jornadas de trabalho e baixa remuneração. Além disso, com a pandemia de covid-19, têm enfrentado obstáculos como a falta de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI) e de prevenção ao vírus. A chegada de demandas aos CREAS também foi afetada pela pandemia, como apontam as análises estatísticas dos registros mensais de atendimento dos municípios. As tecnologias digitais se configuraram como a principal estratégia adotada no ambiente de trabalho dos CREAS. Conclui-se que, se por um lado, a pandemia engendrou e acentuou obstáculos para a práxis da psicologia; por outro, a imprevisibilidade desse cenário e a potência da psicologia norte-mineira possibilitaram diversas estratégias para assistir os usuários.
Fathering Children Aged from 2 to 10: Psychometric Properties of the IFI-BR-27
Authors: Santis Ligia de , Peixoto Evandro Morais , Barham Elizabeth Joan
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI) was developed to examine paternal involvement among men with children from 5 to 10 years of age. However, father involvement affects child development starting in the child’s infancy. In Brazil, a revised version of the instrument (called the IFI-BR-27) was developed to use with fathers of children in a wider age group (2 to 10 years). Thus, in this study we aimed to investigate evidence for validity of this revised version based on internal structure, measurement invariance, and evidence of convergent validity. For this purpose, 572 Brazilian fathers completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the IFI-BR-27, and either the Father Engagement Questionnaire (FEQ; for fathers of children in early childhood education settings) or the Inventory of Parenting Practices (IPP; for fathers of children in elementary school). Results of confirmatory factor analyses indicated the plausibility of a second-order internal structure for the IFI-BR-27 (χ 2 / df = 3.526; CFI = .937; TLI = .929; RMSEA = .066). Composite reliability for the nine factors varied from .65 to .84. Invariance analyses indicated that the structure is independent of the child’s educational setting. Evidence of convergent validity was also found ( r = .67 – FEQ; r = .58 – IPP). Therefore, the IFI-BR-27 is an adequate tool to assess the quality of father involvement for fathers of children in preschool or elementary school. The IFI-BR-27 can contribute to further scientific research, aiding in longitudinal studies, as well as helping professionals to evaluate and encourage specific dimensions of father involvement.
Data analysis of Melocactus (Cactaceae) virtual herbarium in the Caatinga biome: a synthesis of reproduction and geographical distribution
Authors: Vieira Mônica B. , Silva Neto Edito R. , Quirino Zelma G. M.
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to analyze data of the genus Melocactus (Cactaceae) in the Caatinga biome using a virtual herbarium, determine its reproductive aspects, and establish its geographical distribution. Data were collected from the SpeciesLink platform. Notes on exsiccata labels were analyzed to assess reproductive characteristics. Coordinate information was used to develop a distribution map for the genus in the Caatinga biome. A total of 469 records were found in 35 herbaria in Brazil. Melocactus zehntneri stood out with 208 records, followed by M. ernestii, and M. bahiensis. The data were concentrated in a few herbaria, mainly in the Herbarium of the State University of Feira de Santana, which had 28% of the records. Collections were carried out in June (63 records) and in July (59 records). Regarding the reproductive period, Melocactus was active throughout the year, but more concentrated from June to October. The genus is composed of species that depend on animal pollination and dispersal, according to coloration and visitation data. Melocactus is widely distributed throughout the Caatinga, with a tendency to concentrated in drier areas of the biome, in the states of Bahia, Pernambuco, and Paraiba. Herbaria are valuable tools for ecological investigations; therefore, promoting the digitalization of collections and improving the quality and quantity of annotations on specimens are necessary. The genus Melocactus has several characteristics that make it an essential group for maintaining biodiversity in the Caatinga biome.
INTERVENÇÕES À LUZ DA PSICOLOGIA ESCOLAR NA UNIVERSIDADE: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE ESTÁGIO
Authors: Souza Amaxwell Davi Barros de , Nicácio Amanda Karen da Silva , Barros Hellen Christyanne Lúcio , Oliveira Aléxia Thamy Gomes de
Published: April 2024

RESUMO O presente artigo relata a experiência de estágio em Psicologia Escolar e Educacional em um serviço-escola de Psicologia, localizado em uma universidade em Natal/RN. O projeto interventivo desenvolvido ao longo do período de estágio proporcionou encontros grupais abertos para as demandas dos estudantes. Assim, foram estabelecidas três etapas: 1) divulgação do projeto; 2) realização de três encontros interventivos; 3) momento avaliativo das ações executadas por parte da equipe de estágio. As intervenções elaboradas explicitaram a importância de a universidade proporcionar o acolhimento às queixas do cotidiano acadêmico, trazendo não apenas a ideia da qualidade de vida dentro da universidade, como também oferecendo suporte considerável para atender às necessidades dos estudantes.
INTERVENTIONS IN THE LIGHT OF SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY: AN INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE
Authors: Souza Amaxwell Davi Barros de , Nicácio Amanda Karen da Silva , Barros Hellen Christyanne Lúcio , Oliveira Aléxia Thamy Gomes de
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT This article seeks to report the internship experience in School and Educational Psychology at a Psychology school service, located at a university in Natal/RN. The interventional project that was developed throughout the internship period sought to provide open group meetings for the students’ demands. Thus, three steps were established: 1) dissemination of the project; 2) three intervention meetings; 3) evaluative moment of the actions performed by the internship team. The elaborated interventions highlighted the importance of the university in providing the reception to the complaints of academic daily life, bringing not only the idea of quality of life inside the university, but also offering considerable support to meet the needs of the students.
Plant anatomy - history and interfaces
Authors: Machado Silvia Rodrigues , Oliveira Denise Maria Trombert
Published: April 2024

Abstract Traditionally, plant anatomy, along with external morphology, cytology, and palynology, has been classified as a component of the field of Plant Morphology, as set out in the Table of Areas of Knowledge of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). This subdivision is not adopted equally worldwide, and the terms denote varied interpretations even among teaching and research institutions in Brazil. However, since the mid-20th century, plant anatomy has been regarded as a separate branch of plant morphology, referring solely to studying the plant’s internal structure, including plant histology and cytology. Whichever division it best fits into, plant anatomy is one of the oldest disciplines in botanical science. It remains a powerful source of information, with significant knowledge accumulated over centuries of research. In this text, we present a history of plant anatomy with emphasis on the scientists, their discoveries, and works from antiquity to modern times that contributed to the development and progress of this fundamental area of the Scientia Amabilis. Finally, we present the beginning and progress of plant anatomy in Brazil. A summary of the current state and perspectives for future research to promote further integration of the various aspects of plant anatomy are listed.
O Comando Nacional das Classes Produtoras e o anticomunismo empresarial (1964)
Authors: Lemos Renato Luís do Couto Neto e
Published: April 2024

Resumo Este artigo trata de um momento decisivo da militância política do empresariado brasileiro na conjuntura de crise final do governo de João Goulart (1961-1964). O foco está no empresariado carioca, que liderou, em março de 1964, a criação do Comando Nacional das Classes Produtoras (CNCP), instrumento para combate imediato ao governo nos âmbitos da política e da violência armada. Pretende-se, com a divulgação dos primeiros resultados da pesquisa sobre a entidade, contribuir para o avanço do conhecimento da participação de segmentos burgueses no Golpe de 1964 e para a sua caracterização como empresarial-militar.
Effect of cementation on the mechanical response of sands using acoustic emission technique
Authors: Lin Wenli , Liu Ang , Zhang Erkang , Tian Shuyu , He Deqi
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the impact of cementation on the mechanical behaviour of sands with various cement contents (CSR – weight of cement relative to the total dry weight of the soil–cement mixture) in drained triaxial compression, employing both acoustic emission (AE) and environmental scanning electron microscopy measurements. The experimental findings, encompassing quantitative statistics of stress–strain relations, microstructural variations and AE characteristics, demonstrate that the addition of CSR from 1% to 20% leads to an exponential rise in peak strength and stiffness, marking a transition from ductile to brittle mechanical failure, which is pinpointed between the CSR levels of 5% to 10%. AE characteristics unveil an upward-opening parabola of normalised AE hits with CSR, a clear transition zone identification and three distinct types of AE rate evolutions corresponding to failure patterns of ductile bulging, shear banding and brittle fracturing, respectively. This suggests an intimate correlation with the intrinsic differences in micromechanical behaviours and AE propagation properties of cemented sands with varying CSRs. Notably, the bulging and shear banding processes are divided by AE into three stages, whereas fracturing is characterised into five stages. Two precursory AE anomalies associated with incipient failure and complex failure modes are observed, emphasising the advantage of using AE to reflect the internal micromechanical behaviour of cemented sands over conventional stress–strain manifestations.
Active failure mechanisms and earth pressure of narrow backfill behind retaining structures
Authors: Chen Hao-Biao , Lin Cheng , Lv Yan-Ping , Chen Fu-Quan
Published: April 2024

Through a series of model tests accomplished by particle image velocimetry analyses, this study presents the visualisation of the displacement field of narrow soil behind retaining structures under translational mode. The progressive development of failure mechanisms and active earth pressure are measured in the process of tests. Finite-element limit analyses are additionally carried out to investigate and verify the ultimate failure mechanism and active earth pressure acting on retaining structures. Furthermore, this study carried out analyses on the development of failure mechanisms and active earth pressure with different aspect ratios, inclinations of the existing structure and backfill surface surcharge. A reasonable agreement was observed between experimental and numerical results. With an increase in backfill spacing, the failure mechanism of backfill turns from reflective shear bands into a single shear band, and the earth pressure exerted on the retaining structure increases.
Development of Based on Autonomous Driving User Service Evaluation Indicators for the Transportation Vulnerable: Through Expert Panel Delphi Survey
Authors:   RehabilitationInternational Korea, Do Yu Mi , Hong HyunKeun , Park Jong Hyun , Jeon Gwang Min
Published: April 2024

This study explores performance indicators of mobility services for the transportation vulnerable based on autonomous driving technology. Therefore, the elements of evaluation indicators such as items, factors, and detailed indicators of performance indicators are identified. The study consisted of two Delphi surveys through an expert panel. The expert panel invited experts in related fields such as people with disability, welfare of persons with disabilities, autonomous driving, and AI. The survey period was conducted from August 25 to September 12, 2023. The results of the evaluation index search for autonomous driving-based mobility user services for the transportation vulnerable are as follows. First, usability, convenience, safety, and acceptability are important evaluation indicators for user service. Second, availability, convenience, reliability, and accessibility are important evaluation indicators for the policy support system. However, since the WTP indicator was not ultimately included, it needs to be considered as an important indicator when evaluating actual service performance in the future. The derivation of this evaluation index reflects users' needs for future mobility mobility support services for the transportation vulnerable based on autonomous driving technology and can play a role in checking service effectiveness in the process of establishing an evaluation system.
Impactos econômicos das decisões regulatórias sobre distribuição de dividendos de FIIS
Authors: Schultz Sandra Mara , Oliveira Meire Elen , Santos Odilanei Morais dos , Maria Selma Costa
Published: April 2024

Os fundos de investimento imobiliário (FIIs) vêm ganhando destaque no mercado de capitais nos últimos anos. Sob o ponto de vista contábil, o Fundo Maxi Renda (MXRF11) foi objeto de recentes discussões e decisões contraditórias no âmbito da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM) com relação à base de cálculo para distribuição de dividendos. Nesse contexto, buscou-se investigar os impactos econômicos da mensuração pelo valor justo à luz das decisões da CVM no Fundo Maxi Renda e verificar como a teoria da regulação pode explicar as decisões do órgão regulador. Os resultados do fundo do período de 2015 a 2021 foram reperformados com base no método de caixa, utilizado pelo fundo, e pelo método de competência, determinado pela CVM, visando identificar as diferenças no montante dos rendimentos que seriam distribuídos com a alteração da metodologia exarada pelo órgão regulador. Além disso, realizou-se ainda uma análise das decisões da CVM e dos argumentos do administrador do fundo, com vistas a identificar elementos que pudessem ser correlacionados com a atuação do órgão regulador sob os aspectos da teoria da regulação. Como resultado, demonstrou-se que há impacto econômico no rendimento mínimo apurado a ser distribuído pelo fundo entre as duas metodologias (caixa e competência), com montantes menores para distribuição considerando o regime de competência, que expurgam receitas e despesas que não transitam pelo caixa, como é o caso da mensuração ao valor justo. As decisões da CVM podem ter ressonância na teoria do interesse público, de modo que a atuação do órgão regulador visou à proteção do investidor, ainda que possa ter sofrido pressões exercidas por grupos de interesse ou mesmo capturada pelos regulados, uma vez que ela alterou o entendimento inicial sobre o caso. Além da contribuição teórica, com a possibilidade de expandir os estudos sobre a aplicabilidade das normas contábeis relativas à mensuração do valor justo nos fundos de investimento e seus impactos econômicos, o estudo aplicado ao Fundo Maxi Renda proporciona um melhor entendimento sobre o tema de modo a subsidiar investidores quanto a tomada de decisão sobre investimentos nesse tipo de fundo.
Citizenship and social status in Miriam Tlali’s Muriel at Metropolitan
Authors: Tuytens Lieselot
Published: April 2024

An intersectional feminist stance was reflected in South African literary texts as early as the 1970s. Miriam Tlali’s pioneering work Muriel at Metropolitan (1975), for example, explores how black women are most palpably confronted with intersecting oppressions and inequalities because of mutually reinforcing axes of race, ethnicity, gender, and class. These social categories provided the basis to differentiate groups from each other and were utilised to produce unequal power relations. Such inequalities were not only created by the apartheid regime, but also by African Customary Law, although the latter was subject to the twin influences of colonialism and apartheid. In this article I analyse five key passages of the novel through an intersectional lens by looking into the correlation between these systems, intersectional axes, citizenship, and social status. The close reading of the extracts shows that the characters’ civil rights are curtailed, and their social status reduced through inter alia dehumanising stereotypes, racial and gendered naming strategies, and polarising pronouns. Furthermore, the discursive counterreactions of the black female protagonist Muriel are charted. These consist of rational argumentation, norm-breaking, objectification, and distancing techniques. Her retorts represent her resistance against multiple subjugations and take the shape of what is now called intersectional feminism(s).
Stereotactic injection of viral vectors v1
Authors: S Conrad William , Oriol Lucie
Published: April 2024

Here we describe stereotactic injection of AAV into ventral tegmental area (VTA) of mice.
Posibles efectos de la suplementación con HMB en la hipertrofia muscular: revisión narrativa
Authors:   Universidad de Cundinamarca, Cuéllar Carvajal Eliana Patricia , Gonzalez Barbosa Lorena ,   Universidad de Cundinamarca, Cubillos Yara Luisa Fernanda ,   Universidad de Cundinamarca, Hernandez Lamprea Viviana ,   Universidad de Cundinamarca
Published: April 2024

Antecedentes: el beta-hidroxi-beta-metilbutirato es un metabolito natural que se forma a partir de la descomposición de la leucina (aminoácido de cadena ramificada) y cuya popularidad como suplemento ha ido aumentando en los últimos años. Varios estudios se han centrado en abordar sus efectos tanto en el rendimiento deportivo como en personas no entrenadas. Objetivo: el objetivo de esteestudio fue determinar los efectos del beta-hidroxi-beta-metilbutirato en la hipertrofia muscular desde tres enfoques de suplementación: adulto joven, adulto mayor y suplementación conjunta. Materiales y métodos: esta revisión se llevó a cabo en bases de datos como Pubmed, Springer Link y Science Direct, con el propósito de resumir e identificar los posibles efectos de esta suplementación desde el año 2012 hasta el año 2020. Resultados: en términos generales, la búsqueda arrojó en total 50 artículos, de los cuales, 31 se desarrollan en la línea de adulto joven, 10 en la línea de adulto mayor y 9 en la línea de suplementación conjunta. La primera línea fue la de mayor evidencia, y en ella se resaltan los principales hallazgos en torno al objetivo de la investigación. Conclusiones: a causa de los pocos estudios publicados en este aspecto específico (hipertrofia), concluir los efectos exactos al suplementar con beta-hidroxi-beta-metilbutirato es controversial, porque hasta la fecha se sigue discutiendo a favor de sus efectos o, por oposición, su no evidencia. La aclaración de los resultados debe ser abordada con prudencia. En los estudios abordados de los efectos, con mayor abundancia se encontró la composición corporal, la fuerza y el daño muscular, seguidos de la preservación de masa, la toxicidad, el estado hormonal y la biogénesis mitocondrial.
The Pancasila Ideological Direction Bill (RUU‐HIP): A Missed Opportunity?
Authors: Fenton Adam James
Published: April 2024

Indonesia faces a number of acute developmental challenges, hence, there is a need for evidence-based policies to address a range of socio-political issues. This article examines the rise and fall of an ill-fated bill introduced into parliament in 2020 (the “RUU-HIP”) which sought to reshape the nation’s understanding of the state philosophy, Pancasila, while promoting “policy based on national science and technology.” The article argues that Pancasila, which mandates “Belief in the One and Only God” as its first tenet, has a number of unintended and damaging consequences; it limits freedom of religion and thought; bolsters the position of powerful mainstream religious organisations; contributes to extremist, marginalising religious stances; and acts as a potent and pervasive barrier to innovation at all levels of social and political life. As a lens through which to view Indonesia’s national ideology, the article examines the RUU-HIP and takes account of the historical roots of the state ideology and the pivotal role of its main progenitor, Soekarno. It examines some of the deleterious effects of Pancasila outlined above and concludes that the first sila, along with a controversial Blasphemy Law, ought to be amended and repealed respectively, to allow for greater freedom of religion and thought. The article concludes that while amending Pancasila may, contrary to prevailing legal thought, be theoretically possible, in the current socio-political climate this would be unthinkable for most Indonesians.
Generating Comments From Source With Logical Forms
Authors:   , Matskevich Sergey , Gordon Colin
Published: April 2024

Code documentation and description is a big problem in the industry and many have attempted to automate comment generation. Earlier approaches with various success rates commonly tried to build comment as a function description based on the names of objects and functions in the code. Modern approaches are based on machine learning and the latest LLM-based comment generation often produce good results. However none of these approaches guarantee correctness of the generated text or even the correctness of English language in the sentence. I am proposing a different approach to generate comments, which will guarantee correctness and grammatically correct English. My approach is to generate description of an existing code base by treating programming language as a natural language and mapping to to logical expression and transforming PL into English.
Acuerparnos y reciprocidad de la sanación: procesos de restauración y sanación de un conjunto de mujeres sobrevivientes de violencia sexual en el marco del conflicto armado colombiano
Authors: Bermúdez-Guzmán Yeni Constanza , Millán-Cruz Noelba , Carrillo-Urrego Abelardo
Published: April 2024

This article presents the results of the research carried out with a group of women who survived sexual violence in the context of the Colombian armed conflict. We reflect on their life stories and analyze them emphasizing the effects that the victimizing events have had on the following dimensions: socio-affective relationships, expectations, life projects, and social and work survival strategies that they have developed regarding housing and economics. Comparing the experiences narrated by each surviving women with each of these dimensions allowed us to identify that they have carried out restoration and healing processes in a differentiated way; the latter have been a product of the solidarity they have managed to weave within the organizations they have created or have been involved with.
Examining the Societal Impact and Legislative Requirements of Deepfake Technology: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Alanazi Sami , Asif Seemal , Moulitsas Irene
Published: April 2024

Deepfakes, highly realistic fabricated videos, images, or audios created using artificial intelligence algorithms, have gained widespread attention and raised concerns about their social impact and ethical implications. While initially seen as a source of entertainment and utilized in commercial applications, deepfake technology has increasingly been misused for creating adult content, blackmailing individuals, spreading misinformation, and manipulating memories. The negative consequences of deepfakes extend beyond individuals, impacting society as a whole, particularly during sensitive times like elections, where trust can be undermined. The paper looks at the social implications and legislative considerations for deepfakes content, with the goal of cultivating a thorough understanding of their impact on society. By highlighting the importance of enacting laws and regulations, the paper emphasizes the pressing need to control their widespread dissemination. Deepfakes have broad societal implications, especially during critical events like elections, eroding trust. This survey delves into deepfake complexities, aiming to foster understanding and emphasizing the urgency of regulation. The paper also discusses the positive outcomes of deepfake technology for intellectual property protection, highlighting the FORGE system developed to trick attackers who steal company documents. However, it emphasizes the risks posed by easily accessible websites that facilitate the creation of fake identification documents, increasing the likelihood of identity theft, criminal activities, and fraudulent transactions. Implementing restrictions on the use of deepfake technology involving children is also crucial to prevent harm and manipulation targeting minors.
COVID-19 VE KARDİYOVASKÜLER SİSTEME ETKİLERİ
Authors: Urkmez Fatma Yekta , Polat Esra
Published: April 2024

2019 yılının sonunda çıkan ve global bir pandemi haline gelen Coronavirüs Hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) sadece solunum sistemini tutan bir hastalık olmayıp diğer sistemleri de etkilemektedir. Bunun en önemli nedeni virüsün, anjiotensin dönüştürücü enzim-2 (ACE2) reseptörüne bağlanabilme özelliğidir. Kardiyovasküler sistem COVID-19’dan doğrudan veya dolaylı yollarla etkilenen sistemlerin başlıcalarından biridir. Hastalar respiratuar semptomlardan bağımsız olarak göğüs ağrısı, çarpıntı gibi şikayetlerle hastaneye başvurarak COVID-19 tanısı alabilmektedir. Ayrıca COVID-19 seyrinde aritmi, akut koroner sendrom, myokardit, kalp yetmezliği gibi kardiyolojik; venöz tromboemboli gibi vasküler etki paternleri de görülebilmektedir. COVID-19 seyrine kardiyovasküler sistem tutulumu eşlik ettiğinde genellikle daha kötü sonlanımlarla karşılaşılmaktadır. SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonu ile kardiyovasküler sistem ilişkisinin bir diğer açısı da altta yatan kardiyovasküler sistem hastalıklarının COVID-19 prognozunu olumsuz yönde etkilemesidir. Altta yatan hipertansiyon, koroner arter hastalığı, kalp yetmezliği gibi durumlar varlığında hastaların COVID-19’dan etkilenimi çok daha kötü sonuçlanmaktadır. Ne yazık ki bu kardiyovasküler sistem etkileniminin COVID-19’un ardından devam eden “Uzamış COVID-19” döneminde de izlendiği bildirilmektedir. Uzamış COVID-19 vakalarında semptom ve bulguların sıklığı ve süresi değişkenlik göstermektedir. Yaygın olarak izlenmesi ve uzun sürmesi nedeniyle uzamış COVID-19 endişe verici olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Bunların yanı sıra mRNA aşılarının kullanıma girmesinin ardından, özellikle genç erkeklerde aşı ile ilişkili myokardit ve perikardit vakalarında artış saptanmıştır. Ancak bu artışın hastalığa bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan myokardit ve perikardit vakalarına göre oldukça düşük bir oranda olup mortalite açısından ise çok daha güvenli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu derlemede, COVID-19’un ve COVID-19 aşılarının kardiyovasküler sistem üzerine olan etkisinin değerlendirilmesi ve bu hastaların takibini yapan klinisyenlere bütüncül bir bakış açısının sunulması hedeflenmiştir.
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANALYSIS OF RETINAL THICKNESS IN COVID-19 PATIENTS
Authors: Güçlü Emin Serbülent , Özer Ömer
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to perform Optical Coherence Tomography analysis of retinal changes in patients with COVID-19 infection and compare them with healthy controls.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this purpose, 42 COVID-19 positive patients (group 1) and 44 healthy adults (group 2), aged between 18 and 68 years, who were admitted to our clinic between October 1, 2020 and May 1, 2021, were included in the study. Central foveal thickness, choroidal thickness (subfoveal) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber thickness were measured. Measurements were performed at the central fovea and at 1500 μm nasal and 1500 μm temporal points from the central fovea.
RESULTS: Age and gender distribution were similar in the groups (p=0.610 and p=0.992, respectively). However, central foveal thickness (p<0.001), subfoveal choroidal thickness (p=0.001) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (p<0.001) were significantly different between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, central fovea, subfoveal choroidal and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were higher in polymerase chain reaction positive COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls. To understand the pathogenesis of systemic and local changes caused by COVID-19, multicenter and long-term studies with a large number of patient subgroups are necessary.
DETERMINATION OF EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PAIN SEVERITY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN
Authors: Duray Mehmet , Karapınar Merve
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of the study was to determine which emotional and behavioral factors affect the pain severity and to what extent in patients with chronic low back pain (LBP).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and seventy-eight patients with LBP participated in the cross-sectional study. The primary outcome was the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) evaluated the pain severity during rest (VASrest) and activity (VASact). Secondary outcomes included the Pain Beliefs Questionnaire (PBQ), The Pain Coping Questionnaire (PCQ) and The Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ).
RESULTS: While PBQ scores increased, VASrest and VASact scores decreased significantly (p< 0.05). There was a positive and significant correlation between VASrest and only Medical Remedies Subparameter of PCQ(p=0.008), and between VASactivity and only Helpless Subparameter of PCQ (p<0.05). VASrest and VASact had positive and significant associations with FABQ scores (p< 0.05). The results of the regression analysis showed that pain-related psychologic beliefs are the main determinants of VASrest(p=0.014) and VASact (p=0.006). Pain related organic beliefs had a significant but lower effect on VASrest (p=0.019) and VASact (p=0.031). It was observed that seeking a medical remedy for pain at rest had a significant effect on reducing the VAS scores(p=0.024).
CONCLUSIONS: Inadequacies in the management of negative beliefs associated with pain contribute to the exacerbation of pain even at rest. However, neither fear avoidance behavior nor coping strategies except medical remedies developed for pain at rest do not reduce pain severity.
MAGNOLİA BARK EKSTRAKTI UYGULAMASININ YAŞLI FARE KALP FONKSİYON YETERSİZLİĞİNDEKİ İYİLEŞTİRİCİ ETKİLERİ
Authors: Ünay Simge , Aktay Irem , Turan Belma
Published: April 2024

AMAÇ: Manolya ağacı (Magnolia) ekstraktının ek besin olarak kullanılmasının memelilerde çeşitli organlar ve dokular üzerinde anti-oksidan etkiler gösterdiği çeşitli çalışmalarla gösterilmiş olmasına karşın, fizyolojik yaşlanma ile ilişkili olarak gözlenen kalp yetersizliklerinde koruyucu etkisi ile ilişkili bir çalışma mevcut değildir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada, magnolol ve honokiol bileşenleri içeren manolya ağacı ekstratı kompleksinin (MAHO-C) yaşlı farelerin (24 aylık) yetersiz kalp fonksiyonu üzerinde pozitif etkileri olup olmadığının incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Bir grup yaşlı farelere (erkek BALB/c) standart fare yeminin yanı sıra MAHO-C (400 mg/kg/gün, 12 hafta boyunca oral olarak) takviyesi yapılırken, ikinci grup yaşlı fareler sadece standart yem ile beslenmiştir. Beslenme süresi bitiminde, farelerden in situ elektrokardiyogram (EKG) ölçümleri ve izole edilen kalp dokularında oksidatif stres ve antioksidan sistem parametrelerini kapsayan biyokimyasal analizler yapılmıştır.
BULGULAR: MMAHO-C takviyesi alan yaşlı farelere ilişkin EKG’lerde yapılan analizlerde, takviye almamış yaşlı farelerle karşılaştırıldığında, P-dalgası süresi, QRS-kompleksi süresi ve QT-aralığı gibi önemli EKG parametrelerinde düşüşler ile kalp atım hızında artma gözlenmiş olup bu değişimlerin istatistiksel olarak anlamı düzeyde olduğu gözlenmiştir. Kalp dokusunda yapılan biyokimyasal analizler, MAHO-C takviyeli yaşlı fare kalp dokularında arilesteraz aktivitesinde ve toplam antioksidan seviyesinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı seviyelerde artma gözlenmiştir. Ek olarak, ek takviye alan gruplarda almayanlarla karşılaştırıldığında, reaktif oksijen türlerinin (ROS) kaynağı olan mitokondriyal enzim süksinat dehidrogenazın aktivitesinde ve toplam oksidan seviyesinde oranında istatistiksel olarak azalmalar ile ATP/ADP oranında istatistiksel olarak artış gözlenmiştir.
SONUÇ: Verilerimiz, MAHO-C takviyesinin fizyolojik yaşlanma ile ilişki kalp yetersizliklerinde özellikle antioksidan savunma sistemini ve mitokondriyi etkileyerek kalbin hem elektriksel ve hem de biyokimyasal özellikleri üzerinde pozitif etkiler oluşturabildiğini göstermektedir.
Avaliação da qualidade dos serviços turísticos em cervejarias artesanais de Campina Grande – PB: um estudo multicritério
Authors: Maracajá Kettrin Farias Bem , Diniz Crislayne Santos
Published: April 2024

O segmento do turismo cervejeiro (TC) desponta como uma das áreas mais promissoras para crescimento no Brasil e no Mundo. Porém, para que o crescimento ocorra de forma correta, se faz necessário avaliar os serviços que são ofertados nas cervejarias, especialmente nos Brewpubs com produção de cerveja artesanal e espaço para consumo no local. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade dos serviços turísticos em cervejarias artesanais na cidade de Campina Grande, no estado da Paraíba, por meio da aplicação do método Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A metodologia envolveu a estruturação do problema, a identificação dos critérios do Tourqual e a comparação entre as cervejarias com base nos critérios estabelecidos. Foram selecionadas três cervejarias artesanais que oferecem serviços de visitação turística e operam no modelo de brewpub. Os principais dados encontrados revelaram que a CV3 obteve o melhor desempenho global, seguida pela CV2 e CV1. Os resultados indicaram que a CV3, com sua tradição no mercado e sabores peculiares, se destacou entre as demais cervejarias. A CV2, mesmo sendo relativamente nova, apresentou qualidade turística significativa, especialmente nas áreas de degustação, acomodação e acesso. A CV1, a cervejaria mais recente, demonstrou um potencial de crescimento e aprimoramento. Conclui-se que a avaliação da qualidade dos serviços turísticos em cervejarias artesanais fornece insights valiosos para gestores e proprietários no aprimoramento da experiência do turista. A aplicação dessas ferramentas permitiu uma avaliação mais precisa da qualidade dos serviços turísticos, levando em consideração os critérios específicos do setor.