bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zein nanofibers via deep eutectic solvent electrospinning: tunable morphology with super hydrophilic properties
Authors: Khatri Muzamil , Khatri Zeeshan , El-Ghazali Sofia , Hussain Nadir , Qureshi Umair Ahmed , Kobayashi Shunichi , Ahmed Farooq , Kim Ick Soo
Published: September 2020

The use of organic solvents for the preparation of nanofibers are challenged due to their volatile and hazardous behavior. Recently deep eutectic solvents (DES) are widely recognized as non-volatile and non-hazardous solvents which never been utilized directly for nanofabrication via electrospinning. Here, we present the preparation of Zein nanofibers using deep eutectic solvents (DES-Zein). The DES-Zein nanofibers were produced at an optimized polymer concentration of 45% (w/w) with pH 7.3 and electroconductivity 233 mS cm−1. DES-Zein nanofibers showed aligned to tweed like cedar leaf morphology tuned by varying the spreading angle from 0° to 90°. In contrast to hydrophobic conventional Zein nanofibers, DES-Zein nanofibers showed super hydrophilic character and about 200 nm finer average diameter. The proposed method of preparing Zein nanofibers using DES opens a new door to continuous electrospinning with tunable morphology, having potential to be used for environmental and biomedical applications.
Flowering phenology in a Eucalyptus loxophleba seed orchard, heritability and genetic correlation with biomass production and cineole: breeding strategy implications
Authors: Spencer Beren , Mazanec Richard , Abadi Amir , Gibberd Mark , Zerihun Ayalsew
Published: September 2020

Reproductive synchronicity within a seed orchard facilitates gene exchange and reduces self-fertilisation. Here we assessed key flowering traits, biomass and foliar 1,8-cineole concentrations ofEucalyptus loxophleba(subsp.lissophloiaandgratiae) in an open-pollinated seed orchard. Monthly flowering observations were made on 1142 trees from 60 families and nine provenances across 2 years. The percentage of trees flowering in both years was similar at 87%. There were differences between provenances and families within provenances for flowering traits, biomass and 1,8-cineole and interactions between provenances and year for flowering traits. Heritability of start and end flowering, and 1,8-cineole were high to moderate ($$\hat{h}^{2}$$h^2 = 0.75–0.45) and duration of flowering, propensity to flower and biomass estimates were moderate to low ($$\hat{h}^{2}$$h^2 = 0.31–0.10). Genetic and phenotypic correlations between flowering traits were high (rg = 0.96–0.63 andrp = 0.93–0.34) except between duration and end of flowering. The correlations were weaker between flowering traits and biomass or 1,8-cineole. ‘Dual flowering’, when trees underwent two reproductive cycles in a year, was responsible for out-of-phase flowering and those with low biomass and 1,8-cineole concentration should be removed from the breeding programme to hasten selection for desirable traits.
Strong coupling between resonators and spin ensembles in the presence of exchange couplings
Authors: Lenz Samuel , Hunger David , van Slageren Joris
Published: September 2020

Exchange–dependent strong coupling between DPPH radical spins and 3D microwave cavity coupling up to room temperature.
Solid-solution hexagonal Ni0.5Co0.5Se nanoflakes toward boosted oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhu Lei , Liao Yanxin , Jia Yubao , Zhang Xin , Ma Ruguang , Wang Kuikui
Published: September 2020

Solid-solution hexagonal Ni0.5Co0.5Se nanoflakes are synthesized in terms of the intrinsic similarity in the crystal structure, atomic radius and electron configuration, which demonstrate remarkably improved electrocatalytic activity.
Near-infrared light control of membrane potential by an electron donor–acceptor linked molecule
Authors: Takano Yuta , Miyake Kazuaki , Sobhanan Jeladhara , Biju Vasudevanpillai , Tkachenko Nikolai V. , Imahori Hiroshi
Published: September 2020

(π-Extended porphyrin)–fullerene linked molecules are synthesized to utilize the molecular excited states induced by near-infrared light. One of the molecules successfully alters the membrane potential.
P-doped WO3 flowers fixed on a TiO2 nanofibrous membrane for enhanced electroreduction of N2
Authors: Wang Yan , Dai Jin , Zhang Meng , Liu Yi-Tao , Yu Jianyong , Ding Bin
Published: September 2020

A hierarchically structured electrocatalyst, consisting of P-doped WO3 flowers fixed on a flexible TiO2 nanofibrous membrane, presents enhanced NRR performance.
Structural surface and thermodynamics analysis of nanoparticles with defects
Authors: Gavilán-Arriazu E. M. , Giménez Rodrigo E. , Pinto O. A.
Published: September 2020

In this work, we analyze the surface structure and thermodynamics regarding the decoration of nanoparticles with defects, using statistical calculations and Monte Carlo simulations in a complementary way.
In silico study of structure and water dynamics in CNT/polyamide nanocomposite reverse osmosis membranes
Authors: Gu Qi-an , Li Ke , Li Shanlong , Cui Rui , Liu Lifen , Yu Chunyang , Wang Yuling , Zhou Yongfeng , Xiao Guyu
Published: September 2020

A comprehensive understanding of the role of CNTs in the reverse osmosis process is disclosed through in silico study.
Tripodal gold(i) polypyridyl complexes and their Cu+and Zn2+heterometallic derivatives. Effects on luminescence
Authors: Pinto Andrea , Spigolon Giulia , Gavara Raquel , Zonta Cristiano , Licini Giulia , Rodríguez Laura
Published: September 2020

Tripodal Au(i) complexes of tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine coordinated to Au–PR3moieties with open or cage-like structures have been synthesized and the changes on their resulting luminescence upon coordination to Zn2+and Cu+-salts analyzed.
Active Ga-catalysts for the ring opening homo- and copolymerization of cyclic esters, and copolymerization of epoxide and anhydrides
Authors: Ghosh Swarup , Glöckler Eduard , Wölper Christoph , Tjaberings Alexander , Gröschel André H. , Schulz Stephan
Published: September 2020

Ring opening homo- and copolymerization of lactide (LA) and ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) in solution with several Ga catalysts yielded isotactic-enriched PLAs and well defined diblock copolymers by coordination insertion mechanism (CIM).
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) activates neuronal cells by inducing the secretion of exosomes from intestinal cells
Authors: Inotsuka Ryo , Uchimura Kanako , Yamatsu Atsushi , Kim Mujo , Katakura Yoshinori
Published: September 2020

The oral administration of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been shown to affect brain functions.
Inflammation response after the cessation of chronic arsenic exposure and post-treatment of natural astaxanthin in liver: potential role of cytokine-mediated cell–cell interactions
Authors: Zhang Zhigang , Guo Changming , Jiang Huijie , Han Bing , Wang Xiaoqiao , Li Siyu , Lv Yueying , Lv Zhanjun , Zhu Yan
Published: September 2020

Schematic diagram of the mechanism of post treatment with natural astaxanthin attenuating arsenic-induced inflammatory response in rat liver.
1-m-Nitrobenzoyl semicarbazide: reversible colorimetric cascade indicators for fluoride and moisture
Authors: Nandi Sujay Kumar , Haldar Debasish
Published: September 2020

A very simple and effective strategy for an instant, in-field reversible colorimetric cascade indicator of fluoride and moisture at very low concentrations has been developed.
The mechanism and diastereoselectivity in the formation of trifluoromethyl-containing spiro[pyrrolidin-3,2′-oxindole] by a catalyst-free and mutually activated [3+2]-cycloaddition reaction: a theoretical study
Authors: Wang Xingyu , Zhang Yan , Yang Yongsheng , Xue Ying
Published: September 2020

The mechanism and diastereoselectivity of the [3+2] cycloaddition reaction between (Z)-1-methyl-3-imino-indolin-2-one and 5-nitro-2-vinylpyridine with no catalyst in acetonitrile have been investigated by the DFT method and SMD solvation model.
Design of a redox-active “water-in-salt” hydrogel polymer electrolyte for superior-performance quasi-solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Fan Le-Qing , Geng Cheng-Long , Wang Yong-Lan , Sun Si-Jia , Huang Yun-Fang , Wu Ji-Huai
Published: September 2020

A carbon-based quasi-solid-state supercapacitor with a redox-active “water-in-salt” hydrogel polymer electrolyte exhibiting wide operating voltage and high specific energy.
MicroED in natural product and small molecule research
Authors: Danelius Emma , Halaby Steve , van der Donk Wilfred A. , Gonen Tamir
Published: September 2020

The electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) method Microcrystal Electron Diffraction (MicroED) allows the collection of high-resolution structural data from vanishingly small crystals that appear like amorphous powders or very fine needles.
Nanoscale phenomena ruling deposition and intercalation of AlN at the graphene/SiC interface
Authors: Kakanakova-Georgieva Anelia , Gueorguiev Gueorgui K. , Sangiovanni Davide G. , Suwannaharn Nattamon , Ivanov Ivan G. , Cora Ildikó , Pécz Béla , Nicotra Giuseppe , Giannazzo Filippo
Published: September 2020

The possibility for kinetic stabilization of prospective 2D AlN was explored by rationalizing MOCVD processes of AlN on epitaxial graphene.
Chemo- and regioselective synthesis of polysubstituted 2-aminothiophenes by the cyclization ofgem-dibromo orgem-dichloroalkenes with β-keto tertiary thioamides
Authors: Zhang Xuxue , Liu Chuan , Deng Yupian , Cao Song
Published: September 2020

A facile and practical method for the synthesis of 2,3,4-trisubstituted 2-aminothiophenes by the cyclization ofgem-dibromoalkenes orgem-dichloroalkenes with β-keto tertiary thioamides has been developed.
Time-dependent covalent network formation in extrudable hydrogels
Authors: Karis Dylan , Nelson Alshakim
Published: September 2020

Shear-thinning hydrogels that utilize thiol-Michael chain-extension and free radical polymerization have a tunable stretchability.
Novel 3,4-seco-3,19-dinorspongian and 5,17-epoxy-19-norspongian diterpenes from the marine spongeSpongiasp.
Authors: Liang Yong-Qian , Liao Xiao-Jian , Zhao Bing-Xin , Xu Shi-Hai
Published: September 2020

Twelve new norspongian diterpenes, dinorspongians A-F (1–6) and epoxynorspongians A–F (7–12), were isolated from the marine spongeSpongiasp.
Controlled preparation of multiple mesoporous CoAl-LDHs nanosheets for the high performance of NOx detection at room temperature
Authors: Wang Di , Liu Zhi , Hong Ye , Lin Chong , Pan Qingjiang , Li Li , Shi Keying
Published: September 2020

By fine tuning the metal mole ratio, CoAl-LDHs (CA) with a 2D nanosheet structure were successfully prepared via a one-step hydrothermal method using urea as both precipitator and pore-forming agent.
Rheology of non-colloidal suspensions with viscoelastic matrices
Authors: Dai Shaocong , Tanner Roger I.
Published: September 2020

The rheology of non-colloidal suspensions of spheres in a viscoelastic matrix, including the viscometric, G′, G′ and uniaxial extensional responses, is explored.
Hardware implementation and performance analysis of MPTD‐CSMA protocol based on field‐programmable gate array in VANET
Authors: Ding Hongwei , Lu Xu , Li Bo , Wang Liqing , Bao Liyong , Yang Zhijun , Liu Qianlin
Published: September 2020

Contention‐based carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) and contention‐free time division multiple access (TDMA) protocol are two typical access protocols of media access control in vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). They all show their unique advantages under specific conditions. TDMA has high transmission reliability, CSMA has a low transmission delay in the communication environment with low packet arrival rate. However, when the arrival rate of information packets increases rapidly, the throughput of CSMA will decrease rapidly and approach zero, which is not suitable for data transmission in the communication environment with a high arrival rate of information packets; while data transmission through a single TDMA protocol will cause high system overhead due to strict synchronous information. Aiming at the defects of the two protocols and the multi‐channel communication environment, this study proposes the optimised protocol model multi‐priority time division‐CSMA (MPTD‐CSMA). The optimised protocol model not only ensures the reliability of data communication but also reduces the transmission delay of the system. At the same time, the multi‐priority mechanism is added to increase the channel utilisation of the protocol model.
Design of funnel function‐based discrete‐time sliding mode control
Authors: Ma Haifeng , Li Yangmin , Xiong Zhenhua
Published: September 2020

This study presents the design and analysis of a novel funnel function‐based sliding mode reaching law for uncertain discrete‐time systems. The presented reaching law is featured by the funnel function, which is established on the basis of the switching function, and the perturbation estimation technique. As compared with previous researches, the developed method is capable of regulating both transient and steady‐state performance. The system trajectory can be maintained within a predefined boundary, i.e. the desired limit of the trajectory evolution, described by the funnel function in the presence of disturbances. Theoretical analyses confirm the convergence and boundedness of the controlled system. A practical verification example is given to demonstrate the validity of the presented method.
Towards radar barriers for animal fatality detection at wind turbines: numerical and preliminary experimental results
Authors: Mälzer Moritz , Taremi Zadeh Ashkan , Beck Sebastian , Moll Jochen , Krozer Viktor
Published: September 2020

Bats and birds are endangered by wind turbines, leading to a significant amount of fatalities in recent years, mainly due to a direct collision of the animals with the rotor blades or through barotrauma effects. The search for fatalities and the quantification of their number is an important tool to understand the adverse effects of wind turbines on bats and birds. This method has several problems: Cadavers do not always remain on site due to predators, only a part of the relevant area on the ground can be searched manually and not all fatalities can be found. This leads to the fact that searches, although extremely valuable in the analysis of animal mortality, are hardly used in practice due to the high effort and enormous costs. The present work closes this research gap by proposing a radar barrier approach that automatically detects animal fatality in real‐time. Therefore, three FMCW radar systems are attached to the tower of a wind turbine at different heights. Subsequent processing of time‐of‐flight information enables a binary classification of whether a fatality was observed or not. This study presents the results from numerical simulations as well as preliminary experimental results for a proof of concept.
Estimation of skin impedance models with experimental data and a proposed model for human skin impedance
Authors: Bora Dhruba Jyoti , Dasgupta Rajdeep
Published: September 2020

The skin is a complex biological tissue whose impedance varies with frequency. The properties and structure of skin changes with the location on the body, age, geographical location and other factors. Considering these factors, skin impedance analysis is a sophisticated data analysis. However, despite all these variations, various researchers have always worked to develop an equivalent electrical model of the skin. The two most important categories of electrical models are RC‐based model and CPE‐based model which focus on the physiological stratification and biological properties of skin, respectively. In this work, experimental skin impedance data is acquired from ten sites on the body to find the fitting model. It is observed that a hybrid of fractional‐order CPE‐based model and higher‐order RC layered‐based model can provide the best fitting electrical model of skin. A new model is developed with this hybrid orders. Genetic algorithm is used for the extraction of parameter components. Least error of fitting has been observed for the proposed model as compared with the other models. This model can be used in correlating many skin problems and in the development of diagnostic tools. It will offer an additional supportive tool in‐vitro to the medical specialist.
MUSE view of Arp220: Kpc-scale multi-phase outflow and evidence for positive feedback
Authors: Perna M. , Arribas S. , Catalán-Torrecilla C. , Colina L. , Bellocchi E. , Fluetsch A. , Maiolino R. , Cazzoli S. , Hernán Caballero A. , Pereira Santaella M. , Piqueras López J. , Rodríguez del Pino B.
Published: September 2020

Context. Arp220 is the nearest and prototypical ultra-luminous infrared galaxy; it shows evidence of pc-scale molecular outflows in its nuclear regions and strongly perturbed ionised gas kinematics on kpc scales. It is therefore an ideal system for investigating outflow mechanisms and feedback phenomena in detail.

Aims. We investigate the feedback effects on the Arp220 interstellar medium (ISM), deriving a detailed picture of the atomic gas in terms of physical and kinematic properties, with a spatial resolution that had never before been obtained (0.56″, i.e. ∼210 pc).

Methods. We use optical integral-field spectroscopic observations from VLT/MUSE-AO to obtain spatially resolved stellar and gas kinematics, for both ionised ([N II]λ6583) and neutral (Na IDλλ5891, 96) components; we also derive dust attenuation, electron density, ionisation conditions, and hydrogen column density maps to characterise the ISM properties.

Results. Arp220 kinematics reveal the presence of a disturbed kpc-scale disc in the innermost nuclear regions as well as highly perturbed multi-phase (neutral and ionised) gas along the minor axis of the disc, which we interpret as a galactic-scale outflow emerging from the Arp220 eastern nucleus. This outflow involves velocities up to ∼1000 km s−1 at galactocentric distances of ≈5 kpc; it has a mass rate of ∼50 M⊙ yr−1 and kinetic and momentum power of ∼1043 erg s−1 and ∼1035 dyne, respectively. The inferred energetics do not allow us to distinguish the origin of the outflows, namely whether they are active galactic nucleus- or starburst-driven. We also present evidence for enhanced star formation at the edges of – and within – the outflow, with a star-formation rate SFR ∼ 5 M⊙ yr−1 (i.e. ∼2% of the total SFR).

Conclusions. Our findings suggest the presence of powerful winds in Arp220: They might be capable of heating or removing large amounts of gas from the host (“negative feedback”) but could also be responsible for triggering star formation (“positive feedback”).
Heavy-metal enrichment of intermediate He-sdOB stars: the pulsators Feige 46 and LS IV–14°116 revisited
Authors: Dorsch M. , Latour M. , Heber U. , Irrgang A. , Charpinet S. , Jeffery C. S.
Published: September 2020

Hot subdwarf stars of spectral types O and B represent a poorly understood phase in the evolution of low-mass stars, in particular of close compact binaries. A variety of phenomena are observed, which make them important tools for several astronomical disciplines. For instance, the richness of oscillations of many subdwarfs are important for asteroseismology. Furthermore, hot subdwarfs are among the most chemically peculiar stars known. Two intermediate He-rich hot subdwarf stars, LS IV–14°116 and Feige 46, are particularly interesting, because they show extreme enrichments of heavy elements such as Ge, Sr, Y, and Zr, which are strikingly similar in both stars. In addition, both stars show light oscillations at periods incompatible with standard pulsation theory and form the class of V366 Aqr variables. We investigated whether the similar chemical compositions extend to more complete abundance patterns in both stars and validate the pulsations in Feige 46 using its recent TESS light curve. High-resolution optical and near-ultraviolet spectroscopy are combined with non-local thermodynamical-equilibrium model atmospheres and synthetic spectra calculated with TLUSTY and SYNSPEC to consistently determine detailed metal abundance patterns in both stars. Many previously unidentified lines were identified for the first time with transitions originating from Ga III, Ge III-IV, Se III, Kr III, Sr II-III, Y III, Zr III-IV, and Sn IV, most of which have not yet been observed in any star. The abundance patterns of 19 metals in both stars are almost identical, light metals being only slightly more abundant in Feige 46, while Zr, Sn, and Pb are slightly less enhanced compared to LS IV–14°116. Both abundance patterns are distinctively different from those of normal He-poor hot subdwarfs of a similar temperature. The extreme enrichment in heavy metals of more than 4 dex compared to the Sun is likely the result of strong atmospheric diffusion processes that operate similarly in both stars while their similar patterns of C, N, O, and Ne abundances might provide clues to their as yet unclear evolutionary history. Finally, we find that the periods of the pulsation modes in Feige 46 are stable to better than Ṗ ≲ 10−8 s s−1. This is not compatible with Ṗ predicted for pulsations driven by the ɛ-mechanism and excited by helium-shell flashes in a star that is evolving, for example, onto the extended horizontal branch.
Hirschsprung Disease – Clinical Relevance of RET
Mutations
Authors: Wenskus Julia Katharina , Vincent Deirdre , Hempel Maja , Reinshagen Konrad
Published: September 2020

Introduction To date, several genes involved in the pathogenesis of HD have been
recognized. Out of these, the RET gene (chromosomal locus 10q11), one of the
first genes identified in combination with HD, is still considered the basis for
HD development. However, even with over a hundred RET gen coding sequence
mutations identified, the mutations do not fully explain the observed sex bias
of HD and the elevated risk of developing HD among siblings. Thus, our aim was
to evaluate the clinical relevance of an as yet undescribed genotype in a family
with HD to improve genetic counseling for families with RET mutation-associated
HD.Patients This case report provides an overview of a family with a history of
HD with a novel, unreported autosomal dominant RET
mutation.Results/Summary The family examined in this study clearly
demonstrates that (1) the genotype to phenotype correlation of patients with RET
mutation-associated HD is not directly related, and (2) genetic mechanisms
underlying the different HD phenotypes, as well as the model of inheritance of
HD, are complex and not yet fully understood. As such, a multifactorial genesis
of HD appears more likely and should be the center of genetic counseling for
concerned families. Having identified another RET mutation with a possible
correlation of severity of HD and gender will aid in filling the gaps of the
incomplete picture of the pathogenesis of HD.
Die aktuelle Versorgungssituation von Patientinnen und Patienten mit seltenen Knochenerkrankungen an Universitätskliniken in Deutschland
Authors: Schmidt Tobias , Semler Oliver , Oheim Ralf , Grasemann Corinna , Siggelkow Heide , Barvencik Florian
Published: September 2020

„Seltene Knochenerkrankungen“ ist ein Sammelbegriff für Erkrankungen des Knochenstoffwechsels, der Knochen- mineralisierung sowie spezielle dysplastische Erkrankungen. An der Behandlung von betroffenen Patientinnen und Patienten sind häufig eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Fachdisziplinen wie Endokrinologie, Nephrologie, Orthopädie/Unfallchirurgie, Rheumatologie, Radiologie, Kardiologie, Neurologie, Innere Medizin, Pädiatrie und klinische Genetik beteiligt. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist die lokale Organisation und Steuerung der Versorgung von zentraler Bedeutung. Ziel der durchgeführten und hier vorgestellten Umfrage war es, die Angebote, Organisation und vorhandene Expertise an Universitätskliniken im Zusammenhang mit seltenen Knochenerkrankungen zu identifizieren und zu charakterisieren. 2018 wurden alle bekannten 32 Zentren für seltene Erkrankungen (ZSE) an deutschen Universitätskliniken angeschrieben. Insgesamt nahmen 15 Zentren an der Umfrage teil, die Rücklaufquote betrug somit 46,88 %. Es zeigen sich große Unterschiede in Bezug auf das Ausrüstungsniveau und die Diagnosemöglichkeiten, die für die Behandlung von seltenen Knochenerkrankungen erforderlich sind. In den meisten Zentren sind Verfahren zur Förderung der Gesundheitskompetenz der Patientinnen und Patienten implementiert. Nur wenige Zentren sind an Forschungsaktivitäten zu seltenen Knochenerkrankungen beteiligt und bieten strukturierte Programme zur Ausbildung und zum Austausch von Fachwissen im Zusammenhang mit seltenen Knochenerkrankungen an.

Die Ergebnisse dieser Umfrage können genutzt werden, um konkrete Aktivitäten zur Verbesserung der Gesundheitsversorgung für Patientinnen und Patienten mit seltenen Knochenerkrankungen in Deutschland zu initiieren.
Testdiagnostik von AVWS im Grundschulalter – eine faktorenanalytische Untersuchung
Authors: Kiese-Himmel Christiane , Nickisch Andreas
Published: September 2020

Hintergrund Unsere eklektische Testbatterie zur Diagnose von auditiven Verarbeitungs- und Wahrnehmungsstörungen (AVWS) wurde in mehreren Vorstudien eingesetzt. Nun sollte ihre Inhaltsstruktur faktorenanalytisch untersucht werden.

Material und Methode Testergebnisse von 143 Kindern mit AVWS (96 Jungen) im mittleren Alter von 8,3 (SD 1,1) Jahren gingen in mehrere exploratorische Faktorenanalysen ein (EFA; Hauptkomponentenmethode). Unter Berücksichtigung der Ergebnisse diskriminanzanalytischer Vorstudien und der zugrunde liegenden Interkorrelationen wurde eine EFA mit 12 (von insgesamt 16) diagnostischen Tests gewählt.

Ergebnisse Das Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin-Maß der Stichprobeneignung war mit 0,739 mittelmäßig bis tendenziell gut. Die Bestimmung der Faktorenzahl erfolgte anhand des Kaiser-Kriteriums (Eigenwert > 1) und sprach für 4 Faktoren, die 63,7 % Gesamtvarianz erklärten – bestätigt durch den Scree-Test. Laut Komponentenmatrix waren die Ladungen auf den unrotierten Faktoren vorwiegend auf dem ersten Faktor hoch, weswegen sich diese EFA nicht interpretieren ließ. Nach Promax-Rotation resultierte eine interpretierbare Faktorenlösung mit folgenden 4 Faktoren: phonematische Verarbeitung, verbal-auditives Kurzzeitgedächtnis, basaler Hörverarbeitungsfaktor, Hörverarbeitungsfaktor von redundanzreduzierter Sprache.

Fazit Mit diesen Ergebnissen liegt ein vorläufiges Modell zentral-auditiver Prozesse unserer AVWS-Testbatterie sowie ein erster Beitrag zur Konstruktvalidität vor.
Perianal Crohn's Disease in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Mutanen Annika , Pakarinen Mikko P.
Published: September 2020

The incidence of Crohn's disease is increasing worldwide. The clinical course of childhood onset Crohn's disease is particularly aggressive with characteristic disease localization in the ileocecal region and colon, often associated with perianal disease. Severe complications of perianal disease include recurrent perianal sepsis, chronic fistulae, fecal incontinence, and rectal strictures that impair quality of life and may require fecal diversion. Care of patients with perianal Crohn's disease requires a multidisciplinary approach with systematic clinical evaluation, endoscopic assessment, and imaging studies followed by combined medical and surgical management. In this review, we provide an update of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostics, and management of perianal Crohn's disease in children and adolescents.
Deep learning of ultrafast pulses with a multimode fiber
Authors: Xiong Wen , Redding Brandon , Gertler Shai , Bromberg Yaron , Tagare Hemant D. , Cao Hui
Published: September 2020

Characterizing ultrashort optical pulses has always been a critical but difficult task, which has a broad range of applications. We propose and demonstrate a self-referenced method of characterizing ultrafast pulses with a multimode fiber. The linear and nonlinear speckle patterns formed at the distal end of a multimode fiber are used to recover the spectral amplitude and phase of an unknown pulse. We deploy a deep learning algorithm for phase recovery. The diversity of spatial and spectral modes in a multimode fiber removes any ambiguity in the sign of the recovered spectral phase. Our technique allows for single-shot pulse characterization in a simple experimental setup. This work reveals the potential of multimode fibers as a versatile and multi-functional platform for optical sensing.
Spin dynamics in experiments on orthodeuterium induced polarization (ODIP)
Authors: Kozinenko Vitaly P. , Kiryutin Alexey S. , Knecht Stephan , Buntkowsky Gerd , Vieth Hans-Martin , Yurkovskaya Alexandra V. , Ivanov Konstantin L.
Published: September 2020

A comprehensive description of the spin dynamics underlying the formation of Ortho-Deuterium Induced Polarization (ODIP) is presented. ODIP can serve as a tool for enhancing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) signals of 2H nuclei, being important probes of molecular structure and dynamics. To produce ODIP, in the first step, the D2 gas is brought to thermal equilibrium at low temperature, here 30 K, so that the ortho-component, corresponding to the total spin of the 2H nuclei equal to 0 and 2, is enriched, here to 92%. In the second step, the orthodeuterium molecule is attached to a substrate molecule using a suitable hydrogenation catalyst such that the symmetry of the two 2H nuclei is broken. As a result, the non-thermal spin order of orthodeuterium is converted into enhancement of observable NMR signals. In this work, we perform a theoretical study of ODIP and calculate the shape of ODIP spectra and their dependence on the magnetization flip angle. These results are compared with experiments performed for a number of substrates; good agreement between experimental and calculated ODIP spectra is found. We also discuss the performance of NMR techniques for converting anti-phase ODIP spectral patterns into in-phase patterns, which are more suitable for signal detection and for transferring ODIP to heteronuclei, here to 13C spins. Experimental procedures reported here allowed us to reach signal enhancement factors of more than 1000 for 2H nuclei in the liquid phase. These results are useful for extending the scope of spin hyperpolarization to the widely used 2H nuclei.
Bismuth(III) Thiophosphinates: Understanding How a Small Atomic Change Influences Antibacterial Activity and Mammalian Cell Viability
Authors: Senevirathna Dimuthu C. , Duffin Rebekah N. , Stephens Liam J. , Herdman Megan E. , Werrett Melissa V. , Andrews Philip C.
Published: September 2020

Diphenylphosphinothioic acid (HSP(=O)Ph2) and diphenylphosphinodithioic acid (HSP(=S)Ph2) have been used to synthesise four BiIII complexes: 1 [Bi(SP(=O)Ph2)3], 2 [BiPh(SP(=O)Ph2)2], 3 [BiPh2(SP(=O)Ph2)], and 4 [Bi(SP(=S)Ph2)3], using BiPh3 and [Bi(OtBu)3] as bismuth sources. The complexes have been characterised by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and singe crystal X-ray crystallography (2–4). Biological studies indicated that despite complexes 2 and 3 reducing mammalian cell viability, their antibacterial activity provides a good degree of selectivity towards both Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial strains. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for complexes 2 and 3 are in the range of 0.52–5.5µM towards the bacteria tested. Homoleptic complexes 1 and 4 were generally less active towards both bacterial and mammalian cells.
Cannabis Phytochemicals: A Review of Phytocannabinoid Chemistry and Bioactivity as Neuroprotective Agents
Authors: Marsh Dylan T. , Smid Scott D.
Published: September 2020

With the advent of medical cannabis usage globally, there has been a renewed interest in exploring the chemical diversity of this unique plant. Cannabis produces hundreds of unique phytocannabinoids, which not only have diverse chemical structures but also a range of cellular and molecular actions, interesting pharmacological properties, and biological actions. In addition, it produces other flavonoids, stilbenoids, and terpenes that have been variably described as conferring additional or so-called entourage effects to whole-plant extracts when used in therapeutic settings. This review explores this phytochemical diversity in relation to specific bioactivity ascribed to phytocannabinoids as neuroprotective agents. It outlines emergent evidence for the potential for selected phytocannabinoids and other cannabis phytochemicals to mitigate factors such as inflammation and oxidative stress as drivers of neurotoxicity, in addition to focusing on specific interactions with pathological misfolding proteins, such as amyloid β, associated with major forms of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.
The winner takes it all: The mediating role of competitive orientations in the Dark Triad and sport task performance relationship
Authors: Vaughan Robert S. , Madigan Daniel J.
Published: September 2020

The Dark Triad traits (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) are prevalent in athletes. However, currently, we do not know whether the Dark Triad confers any competitive advantages in sport. To address this issue, the present study had two aims. First, to examine whether the Dark Triad predicted task performance in a basketball free throw task. Second, to examine whether competitive orientations explained (i.e. mediated) this relationship. A sample of 189 athletes (mean age = 19.11 years) completed measures of the Dark Triad, competitive orientations, and task performance (basketball free throw task). Regression analyses indicated that the Dark Triad predicted better task performance. In addition, mediation analyses indicated that the Dark Triad‐performance relationship was explained by both hypercompetitive and self‐developmental competitive orientations. The present study provides the first evidence that the Dark Triad may lead to better task performance in sport, and that this effect may be driven by athletes’ competitive orientations.
Gut microbiota, NLR proteins, and intestinal homeostasis
Authors: Guo Hao , Gibson Sara A. , Ting Jenny P.Y.
Published: September 2020

The gastrointestinal tract harbors a highly complex microbial community, which is referred to as gut microbiota. With increasing evidence suggesting that the imbalance of gut microbiota plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, interactions between the host immune system and the gut microbiota are now attracting emerging interest. Nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat–containing receptors (NLRs) encompass a large number of innate immune sensors and receptors, which mediate the activation of Caspase-1 and the subsequent release of mature interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. Several family members have been found to restrain rather than activate inflammatory cytokines and immune signaling. NLR family members are central regulators of pathogen recognition, host immunity, and inflammation with utmost importance in human diseases. In this review, we focus on the potential roles played by NLRs in controlling and shaping the microbiota community and discuss how the functional axes interconnecting gut microbiota with NLRs impact the modulation of colitis, inflammatory bowel diseases, and colorectal cancer.
Minimal informationally complete measurements for probability representation of quantum dynamics
Authors: Yashin V I , Kiktenko E O , Mastiukova A S , Fedorov A K
Published: September 2020

In the present work, we suggest an approach for describing dynamics of finite-dimensional quantum systems in terms of pseudostochastic maps acting on probability distributions, which are obtained via minimal informationally complete quantum measurements. The suggested method for probability representation of quantum dynamics preserves the tensor product structure, which makes it favourable for the analysis of multi-qubit systems. A key advantage of the suggested approach is that minimal informationally complete positive operator-valued measures (MIC-POVMs) are easier to construct in comparison with their symmetric versions (SIC-POVMs). We establish a correspondence between the standard quantum-mechanical formalism and the MIC-POVM-based probability formalism. Within the latter approach, we derive equations for the unitary von-Neumann evolution and the Markovian dissipative evolution, which is governed by the Gorini–Kossakowski–Sudarshan–Lindblad (GKSL) generator. We apply the MIC-POVM-based probability representation to the digital quantum computing model. In particular, for the case of spin-1/2 evolution, we demonstrate identifying a transition of a dissipative quantum dynamics to a completely classical-like stochastic dynamics. One of the most important findings is that the MIC-POVM-based probability representation gives more strict requirements for revealing the non-classical character of dissipative quantum dynamics in comparison with the SIC-POVM-based approach. Our results give a physical interpretation of quantum computations and pave a way for exploring the resources of noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices.
Thermophoretic particles deposition in time-dependent magneto flow over oscillatory spinning disk
Authors: Rauf A , Shehzad S A , Mushtaq T , Abbas Z , Mustafa F , Tlili Iskander
Published: September 2020

Thermophoresis particles deposition is a fundamental procedure of micro-particles transmission through temperature gradient and has major significance in aerosol and electronic technologies. To observe the variation of mass deposition, the phenomenon of thermophoresis is encountered in time-dependent electrically conducting flow of viscous fluid by rotating disk which also oscillates periodically. The swirl flow finds significance in hydraulic pumps and conical diffusers. The fluid model initially based upon the system that comprises on the partial differential equations (PDEs) and then re-framed into the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by similar transformations. To obtain the numerical results in graphical and tabular formats, we first apply the finite difference scheme on governing equations and then implemented successive over relaxation (SOR) method for faster convergence. Statistical approach is also executed to discuss the Pearson’s correlation and probable error for the emerging physical parameters. Three-dimensional flow graphs, contour plots and scatter plots of shear stresses are also drawn. The oscillatory behavior of radial curves is reduced by increasing the magnetic parameter. Thermophoretic co-efficient and relative temperature difference parameters demonstrated the opposite impact on oscillatory concentration field. A moderate positive correlation is noticed between swirl parameter and radial shear stress.
Wear Mechanism of Copper-based Powder Metallurgical Friction Materials with Different Graphite Content
Authors: Zhang Nan , Hu Zheng , Du Jianhua , Zhang Wanhao , Han Junjiao , Ji Zhen
Published: September 2020

Copper-based friction materials with different graphite contents were prepared by powder metallurgy process. The influence of graphite content on the surface hardness of friction materials was studied by Bush hardness tester. By means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), the wear morphology and composition of friction materials were studied, and the wear mechanism was analyzed. The results show that the graphite content has little effect on the surface hardness of friction materials, and the surface hardness mainly depends on the copper matrix and its alloy elements. The main wear mechanism of copper based friction materials is plough type abrasive wear. Graphite has good lubricity and can reduce the wear.
Study on the Properties of Rock Wool for External Thermal Insulation of Buildings under the Soaking and Hot & Humid Conditions
Authors: Lu Guozhong
Published: September 2020

In this paper, the tensile strength, moisture absorption, thermal conductivity, moisture permeability and other properties of rock wool under different humid and hot conditions are studied, and the law of rock wool performance changing with different humid and hot conditions is analyzed. The test shows that rock wool has good resistance to humidity and heat and durability and can be widely used in various construction projects. The test data can provide a reference for the better application of rock wool in engineering.
Preparation of Graphene Oxide/Pristine Graphene/Polyaniline Ternary Composites through a Simple Method and Application to Supercapacitor
Authors: Shang Yangyang , Cai Linlin , Jiang Xiaoqing
Published: September 2020

A new graphene oxide/pristine graphene/polyaniline (GPP) composite is successfully prepared. Transmission electron microscope, Scanning electron microscope, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the electronic structure and morphology of GPP composites. The specific capacitance of GPP is 1231.8 F g−1 and 598.1 F g−1 in a three-electrode system and a symmetric supercapacitor at 1.0 A g−1. The specific capacitance of GPP maintains about 71.2% and 55.1% after 10000 cycles in the three-electrode and two-electrode systems, respectively.
FeS/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite as Anode Material with Enhanced Performance for Lithium-ion Battery
Authors: Jiang Runtong , Yu Jin , Shi Fanian
Published: September 2020

FeS/Reduced graphene oxide(RGO) were synthesized successfully using a facile calcination method followed by a coprecipitation process. The structure and morphology were examined via X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Afterwards, the electrochemical performances were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, the electrochemical impedance(EIS), and charge/discharge techniques. The results reveal the following three points. First, compared with pure FeS, FeS/RGO composite material has a higher specific capacity. Second, the existence of RGO layers can enhance the electrochemical conductivity for overall electrodes. Third, the FeS/RGO composite showed outstanding coulombic efficiency and good cycling stability.
Study on Photocatalytic Ability and Mechanism of Graphene Oxide
Authors: Zhao Haoqi , Gu Baoshan , Yang Peiyan
Published: September 2020

Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by a modified Hummers method, and the morphology, composition and structure of the graphene were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and Raman spectroscopy. The refractory organic wastewater was represented by methyl orange (MO). The photocatalytic ability of GO to degrade MO under visible light irradiation was improved by the addition of H2O2, aeration, the increase of illumination, according to the photocatalytic mechanism of GO.
Multi-objective Structural Optimization of VL Seal Ring Based on Isight
Authors: Ren Jie , Zhu Hongwei , Wang Heng , Zhao Changfang , Zhong Jianlin
Published: September 2020

To obtain the best geometric size of VL sealing ring and improve its sealing performance, this paper carried out multi-objective optimization research on VL sealing ring by Isight software. Firstly, according to the working principle and geometric size of the VL seal ring, determined the constraint conditions, established the optimization objective equation, and given the value range of the structural parameters was. Then, verified the validity of the approximate model by fitting the radial basis neural network model provided. Finally, analyzed the sensitivity of influencing factors of oil film thickness at lip, and established the optimization module by NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm. As a result, the best geometric size is obtained from multi-objective optimization, and the structure of VL seal ring has achieved the goal of more suitable high speed dynamic seal and longer service life.
Power Network Topology Modelling Method Based on CIM
Authors: Wang Lei , Guo Lijuan , Li Shentong , Xie Jingpei , Li Lubo , Hong Yunfu , Niu Lin , Guo Ting , Li Hongbo , Wang Yubin
Published: September 2020

IEC61970 adopts CIM/SVG as the standards of graphic modelling for the power system, but its application is only limited in graphic integration and static topology expression at present. This paper proposed a new topology generation and searching scheme based on CIM which can reflect the actual power network diagram. The method avoids directly searching on the diagram file which is the bottleneck restrictions of this system. The system makes SVG operation program no longer as an independent system, but as the data source of the power network topology. This paper also put forward a new data structure based on this topology method, which makes searching algorithm more real-time and reliable than the traditional method.
Effect of Electret Process Parameters on Filtration Performance of Polypropylene Melt-Blown Nonwoven Fabric
Authors: Zhang Yong
Published: September 2020

With the spread of the novel coronavirus, masks become daily necessities, and their protective effect mainly depends on the core materials, so improving the performance of the core material polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven fabric has become the current research hotspot. The filtration performance of PP melt-blown nonwoven fabric mainly depends on the electret process parameters. The electret treatment of PP melt-blown nonwoven fabric is carried out by using high voltage corona discharge. The research on the influence of the electret process parameters, such as charging time, charging voltage and charging distance, on the filtration performance of PP melt-blown nonwoven fabric will have guiding significance for the practical production. In this paper, after a lot of research and experimental work, find out the influence of process parameters on the filtration performance of nonwoven fabrics. It is found that the best condition for the sample is the charge time of 12 min, the charge voltage of 15 kV and the charge distance of 4 cm. The filter efficiency is 90.2%, which is more than 1.5 times higher than that before the sample. The air permeability of melt-blown nonwovens after electret treatment did not decrease.
Research on Forest Health Industry Based on Wanghong Economy——Taking Forest Health Industry of Sucun Township as an Example
Authors: Gai Luofan , An Yonggang , Sun Weiwei
Published: September 2020

Forest health industry is a new type of business generated by the development of social economy in China, which is in line with people’s attitude towards forest and nature. However, with the gradual deepening of the degree of marketization in China, the research on the core competitiveness of forest health industry is imminent. [1] It not only requires convenient transportation and perfect infrastructure, but also how to form flow to drive the development of health care industry in a short time. This paper discusses the forest health industry in Sucun Township with the help of netred economy.
3D Bio-Printing Fabrication and Properties of Graphene Dispersion-based Hybrid Scaffolds
Authors: Peng Jun , Li Liying , Nie Yi , Liu Tianqing , Song Kedong
Published: September 2020

Peripheral nerve is an important tissue of human body, which is distributed in various parts of human body, and has the function of connecting central nervous system and other organs. The self-repair ability of the nervous system is poor. However, 3D bio-printed neural tissue-engineered scaffolds offer a promising solution. In this study, graphene (Gr) was dispersed by a certain method, and then blended with gelatin (Gel) and sodium alginate (SA) to prepare a mixed bio-ink. Performance of different ratios of bio-ink was evaluated to determine the best printing ratio of the material. Four groups of Gr/Gel/SA scaffolds (The concentrations of graphene were 0%, 0.02%, 0.08% and 0.2% (w/v%), respectively) were prepared by using 3D printing technology. The mechanical strength, contact angle, degradation rate and water absorption of bio-scaffolds were compared to select the most suitable scaffold to support cell proliferation and differentiation, PC12 cells were used to study the biocompatibility of the scaffolds. This article aims to get the most optimized scaffolds.