bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Andreu Martínez D’Alòs-Moner: In the Company of Iyäsus: the Jesuit Mission in Ethiopia, 1557-1632
Authors: Martínez D'Alòs-Moner Andreu
Published: July 2020

Dissertation Abstract
In memoriam Joanna Mantel-Niećko (1933-2009)
Authors: Witakowski Witold
Published: July 2020

Obituary
Zu einigen neueren linguistischen Arbeiten
Authors: Voigt Rainer
Published: July 2020

Review Article
Italy and Ethiopia: the Colonial Interlude Revisited
Authors: Sbacchi Alberto
Published: July 2020

In 1997 the president of the Italian Republic visited Ethiopia and Eritrea to acknowledge the mistakes of Italian colonialism toward the people of the Horn of Africa. The theme of Italian colonialism in Ethiopia has long been an emotional one. However, in the last few years new archival resources have become available. The literature on the Italian occupation has become more objective and reliable. Hence there is a better appreciation of the Italian presence in Ethiopia, and the new generation is ready to admit Italy’s positive contribution. There are statistics on Italian investments in Ethiopia that show that Italy made the largest financial investment that Africa has ever seen. Considering those and other facts, the author of the paper attempts to reassess the issue of the Italian presence in Ethiopia, in all objectivity and on its own merits. ATTENTION: Due to copy-right no online publication is provided.
Volker Matthies: Historische Reisen nach Aksum. Europäische Entdecker und Forscher beschreiben das antike Zentrum der äthiopischen Kultur
Authors: Böll Verena
Published: July 2020

Review
21–25 July 2003 in Hamburg: 15th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies
Authors: Gamst Frederick C.
Published: July 2020

Conference ReviewATTENTION: Due to copy-right no online publication is provided.
In memoriam Timothy Derek Fernyhough (1953–2003)
Authors: Morgan Kenneth , Priess Maija
Published: July 2020

ObituaryATTENTION: Due to copy-right no online publication is provided.
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE CONFLICT OF LINDEROS IN THE COMMUNAL TERRITORIES, PROVINCE OF ANDAHUAYLAS, REGION APURÍMAC, PERU
Authors: Díaz Felipe Rafael Valle , Adalberto Cruz García  , Martiniano Reyes Olivo
Published: July 2020

The present work had the purpose of arguing the degree of progress in social responsibility that contributed to minimize the conflict of boundaries in the territories of the peasant communities, located in the province of Andahuaylas. The focus is qualitative. Case study design, ex post facto research level. The sample was 90 qualified community members who held a management position until 2018. Results in elements: Environmental, the proactivity for the development of eco-efficient practices through committees, had a frequently low contribution of 50%. Legal, the services of tutelary institutions to harmonize conflicts, the coordination between defense and order committees, the interventions to settle conflicts between communities, had a frequent contribution low by 50%. Ethical, the coordination between associations and defense committees to sanction violators of communal agreements, the practice of accountability, had an often average contribution of 50% internally, externally it tends to be weak. Philanthropic; The agreements and working groups to serve community members affected by some phenomenon or disaster and reduce conflict between communities, had a frequently high contribution of 50%. Conclusion: the advancement of social responsibility had a low contribution with a tendency towards medium, in minimizing the conflict of boundaries in the territories of the peasant communities of the province of Andahuaylas, Apurímac region.
PrP gene polymorphism and its influence on some productive traits of sheepbreeds reared in Bulgaria
Authors: Koynarski T.
Published: July 2020

The rapiddissemination of scrapie over the past few decades led to development of aspecific eradication programme, based on the polymorphisms within the prionprotein gene (PRNP). Current approach encourages the selection ofanimals carrying the resistant ARR/ARR genotype, while other genotypes areconsidered less preferable. Although the strategy seems to be working quitewell, farmers are concerned whether this will affect sheep productivity andsubsequently decrease net profits. The current study was aimed to elucidatethe linkage between the PrP gene polymorphism (based on codons 136,154 and 171) and some productive traits (live weight, reproduction, milk andfleece yield) of three sheep breeds reared in Bulgaria – Assaf, NortheastBulgarian Merino and Blackhead Pleven. The total number of detectedgenotypes was six – ARR/ARR, ARR/ARQ, ARR/ARH, ARQ/ARQ, AHQ/ARQ and ARR/VRQ,with different prevalence within each breed. The observed lack ofsignificant differences in the studied performance traits between the PRNP genotypes suggests that PRNP polymorphisms did not influencethe sheep productive performance. Therefore, selection of animals on theresistant genotype (ARR/ARR) would not worsen their productivity. Theobtained results should help the better understanding of scrapie selectionand the positive effect that it would have to both health care and industry.
First record of Jupiaba acanthogaster (Eigenmann, 1911) (Ostariophysi, Characidae) in the upper Paraná river basin, Brazil
Authors: Lopes Douglas Alves , Taveira Thiago T. M. , Severo-Neto Francisco , Carvalho Fernando R.
Published: July 2020

Jupiaba Zanata, 1997 is a genus with small species within Characidae, identified by a pair of modified bones in the form of spines just anteriorly to pelvic-fin base. The genus is mostly distributed throughout the Amazon drainage, except J. acanthogaster (Eigenmann, 1911), which also occurs in the Paraguay river basin. In this work, we recorded for the first time J. acanthogaster in the Sucuriú River drainage, upper Paraná river basin, Brazil. Its occurrence may be a consequence of the historical hydrological interaction between the Paraná and Paraguay river basins.
Social economy and social exclusion - introductory remarks
Authors: Lipowicz Irena , Małecka-Łyszczek Magdalena
Published: July 2020

Introduction to thematic issue.
Social exclusion from the perspective of hierarchy competition theory
Authors: Szreniawski Piotr
Published: July 2020

Social exclusion can be viewed as an example of depriving an individual of membership in an association or as a significant restriction of rights within a given hierarchy. In this context, social life in a given country can be analysed as not only competition between smaller hierarchies, but also as a hierarchy covering the entire public sphere. The purpose of the article is to indicate the possibility of using the hierarchy competition theory to analyse the issue of social exclusion, shown in different contexts. Social exclusion can also be illustrated by examples taken from various fields of human activity.
Role of environmental inquiry in evidence-based social welfare cases
Authors: Miruć Alina
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the study is to explain the role of environmental inquiry as source of legal evidence in the procedure of granting social welfare. Environmental inquiry has several functions to fulfill. It is an integral part of social work. In social welfare cases it serves the purpose to collect all necessary information and data on the applicant asking for social care benefits. Hence environmental inquiry is a specific evidence-based investigation, in which there is both penetration and confrontation with other pieces of evidence, such as statements of the parties, contents of official and sometimes private documents, testimonies of witnesses or also results of inspections in the place of stay of the person (family) seeking assistance or benefiting from social welfare. Because of its importance in the investigation, other steps in administrative procedures depend on this inquiry. The study refers to by legal acts, selected cases and doctrine views and presents the features of environmental inquiry, sometimes referred to as ‘the family inquiry’ as part of evidence-based investigation in social welfare cases.
Activation of the elderly at the commune level
Authors: Sylwestrzak Dorota
Published: July 2020

The multiannual "Senior +" program for 2015-2020 adopted by resolution No. 34 by The Council of Ministers on March 17, 2015 is a planning act that addresses the issue of activation of senior citizens. The subject of the study is primarily the presentation of the current legal status and jurisprudence on the implementation of tasks specified in this act. Considerations are conducted from the point of view of forms and ways of implementing tasks by the commune in the area of activating elderly people under the "Senior +" program and assessing the nature of these tasks. The article employs the theoretical and dogmatic method.
An Analysis of the Punctuational Changes of Tourism Budgets and its Determinants by the Type of Local Governments
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Sang-Ho
Published: July 2020

This study aims to identify the punctuational change patterns in tourism budget and find the determinants of the punctuational changes. A total of 1,824 tourism budgets from 2008 to 2019 were collected from 152 local governments in South Korea. This study adjusted 25% to annual average growth rate of each budget and divided into three types of change patterns, which were used as dependent variables. The independent variables were identified using punctuation equilibrium theory and included focusing events (financial crisis in 2008), mega-events (two regional events), and institutional frictions (elections). A multinomial panel regression analysis was used for data analysis. The results showed that the elections, financial crisis, and regional events were the major determinants of punctuational changes. At city level, elections and regional events had an impact on the negative punctuational changes. At county level, the parliamentary elections had an impact on negative punctuational changes. Financial crisis had an impacts on both positive and negative punctuations. The results indicate that the punctuational changes are mainly caused by a lack of group who advocates and protects budget on tourism project as the status of tourism is lower than other functions in local government. The punctuational changes are more likely to happen for the small city which has limited budget. This study suggests that the stable budget growth for tourism depends on the local economic empowerment.
Dialysis using D-Tubes v2
Authors: Junior Neilier
Published: July 2020

Sample preparation is crucial for successful biomolecule analysis. For this, the method must be individually chosen, based on the characteristics of the sample and the analyte. How some strategies can compromise the integrity of the molecule of interest. The dialysis D-tubes allow the concentration of samples with no precipitation by organic solvents or salts.
Tissue Collection and Preservation Methods for Assays Stanford TMC v1
Authors: Horning Aaron , Lin Yiing
Published: July 2020

HubMAP Tissue Collection Protocol Version 1.0 Effective Date: 1/1/2019 HuBMAP TMCs: Stanford / Washington University, St. Louis Caltech / University of Washington
Functional role of environmental perception for motor performance under pressure v1
Authors: Tanaka Yoshifumi
Published: July 2020

Novice university student participants (N = 33) conducted 36 non-pressure and 36 pressure trials in counterbalanced order after the practice phase consisting of a maximum of 100 trials. Participants judged the size of a 20, 25, or 30 cm target before each trial by choosing a comparison circle that was 2 % smaller or larger than the actual target. We used performance-contingent rewards and comparison with other participants to elevate pressure on the participants.
Detailed 3D Fault Representations for the 2019 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Plesch Andreas , Shaw John H. , Ross Zachary E. , Hauksson Egill
Published: July 2020

We present new 3D source fault representations for the 2019 M 6.4 and M 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence. These representations are based on relocated hypocenter catalogs expanded by template matching and focal mechanisms for M 4 and larger events. Following the approach of Riesner et al. (2017), we generate reproducible 3D fault geometries by integrating hypocenter, nodal plane, and surface rupture trace constraints. We used the southwest–northeast-striking nodal plane of the 4 July 2019 M 6.4 event to constrain the initial representation of the southern Little Lake fault (SLLF), both in terms of location and orientation. The eastern Little Lake fault (ELLF) was constrained by the 5 July 2019 M 7.1 hypocenter and nodal planes of M 4 and larger aftershocks aligned with the main trend of the fault. The approach follows a defined workflow that assigns weights to a variety of geometric constraints. These main constraints have a high weight relative to that of individual hypocenters, ensuring that small aftershocks are applied as weaker constraints. The resulting fault planes can be considered averages of the hypocentral locations respecting nodal plane orientations. For the final representation we added detailed, field-mapped rupture traces as strong constraints. The resulting fault representations are generally smooth but nonplanar and dip steeply. The SLLF and ELLF intersect at nearly right angles and cross on another. The ELLF representation is truncated at the Airport Lake fault to the north and the Garlock fault to the south, consistent with the aftershock pattern. The terminations of the SLLF representation are controlled by aftershock distribution. These new 3D fault representations are available as triangulated surface representations, and are being added to a Community Fault Model (CFM; Plesch et al., 2007, 2019; Nicholson et al., 2019) for wider use and to derived products such as a CFM trace map and viewer (Su et al., 2019).
Private Military Companies. Situation in the World Ocean
Authors: Denisov R.A. , Ayriyan R.S.
Published: July 2020

The article analyzes the policy of private military companies, their capabilities and actions in the oceans. Emphasis is given to the compliance of companies with international law of the sea. The article indicates main directions of PMC activities in the oceans and their most popular functionality. An attempt to reveal the main problems of companies in this area, which impede their free activity was made. In conclusion, the most conflictogenic zones were identified and, as well as the areas where functional companies would be useful, were identified.
Analysis of the Dynamics of Migration Flows from Russia to the United States (1992-2018)
Authors: Uznarodov D.I.
Published: July 2020

The article reviews the dynamics of migration flows from Russia to the United States in the period from 1992 to 2018; the article also analyzes the transformation of the US migration policy over the past twenty-six years. The main stages that characterize the scale of emigration of Russian citizens to the United States are indicated, as well as their key features. Using the method of statistical data analysis, the most preferred regions of the country for Russian migrants are identified. It is concluded that two key factors can contribute to changing the dynamics of migration flows from Russia to the United States after 2020: the configuration of forces within the US political elite after the November 2020 election cycle, and also the socio-economic and general domestic political situation directly inside Russia.
Construction of Clinical Biobanks and the Medical Ethics
Authors: Yu Meng , Yan Qingyu , Zhang Chi , Wu Feixiang , Du Chen , Song Weihua
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, various types and forms of clinical biobanks have been gradually established worldwide, which have become one of the important components and research platforms of life science and related disease researches in the medical system. This article mainly introduces the construction, management and operation of clinical biobanks, and discusses the medical ethics faced by it.
Relacje społeczne między mieszkańcami wsi i ludnością napływową z miasta w strefie podmiejskiej Krakowa – przestrzeń konfliktu czy współpracy?
Authors: Zborowski Andrzej , Pawlak Halina , Gałka Jadwiga
Published: July 2020

Badania strefy podmiejskiej w Polsce mają długą tradycję i prowadzone były w wielu ośrodkach naukowych. Równie poważny dorobek powstał w zakresie badań społecznych tej strefy. Studia te jednak są prawie wyłącznie prowadzone z pozycji mieszkańca miasta zasiedlającego strefę podmiejską, motywów jego migracji i postrzegania stosunków społecznych w nowym miejscu zamieszkania. W polskiej literaturze przedmiotu brak jest natomiast badań na temat postaw mieszkańców wsi podmiejskich wobec ludności napływającej z miasta centralnego. Tę lukę w literaturze przedmiotu starali się wypełnić autorzy niniejszego opracowania. Poddali bowiem badaniu pod tym kątem mieszkańców trzech gmin podmiejskich, położonych w strefie oddziaływań Krakowa.
Wykorzystanie terenów poprzemysłowych i nowa forma organizacji przemysłu w mieście na przykładzie Wałbrzycha
Authors: Długosz Mateusz
Published: July 2020

Na skutek transformacji ustrojowej z 1989 r. w wielu ośrodkach przemysłowych nastąpił kryzys lokalnej gospodarki. Jednym z takich przykładów jest Wałbrzych, w którym restrukturyzacja górnictwa i likwidacja niektórych zakładów przemysłowych doprowadziła do wielu przeobrażeń w przestrzeni miasta. Nie wszystkie tereny poprzemysłowe zostały powtórnie zagospodarowane. Mimo to współcześnie obserwuje się przyrost terenów przemysłowych związanych z działalnością Wałbrzyskiej Specjalnej Strefy Ekonomicznej „Invest-Park”.
Interacción basada en gestos para mejorar la ortografía
Authors: Zúñiga Paredes Andrea , Rodríguez-Chérrez Manne , Yánez-Moreira Michael , Buste Byron
Published: July 2020

La interacción basada en gestos sin contacto se ha utilizado desde ya hace varios años atrás. Diferentes propuestas se han dado, para la previa utilización con este tipo de proceso. Se fueron abordando beneficios, prácticamente enfocados en el ámbito formativo, para el mejoramiento de la calidad de la educación. Debido a esto, este artículo tiene como fundamento emplear este proceso con fines educativos, con es el caso de la ortografía. Para el desarrollo del mismo, se llevó a cabo un estudio inductivo de los participantes con la aplicación. Los resultados obtenidos confirman la validez de la idea y desarrollo de la propuesta. Además, los participantes declararon sus opiniones acerca de la aplicación mediante interacción sin contacto. Como resultado, la utilización de este tipo de aplicaciones podría fomentar al incremento del interés de los estudiantes en el aprendizaje.
An An assessment of the impact of educational interventions on hand hygiene compliance
Authors: Husband Carla , McMillan Abbie , Sweeney Lauren
Published: July 2020

PICO question

In small animal veterinary professions, does implementation of an educational intervention, when compared to no intervention, improve hand hygiene compliance?

 

Clinical bottom line

Category of research question

Treatment

The number and type of study designs reviewed

Three papers were critically appraised. They were all prospective observational cohort studies

Strength of evidence

Weak

Outcomes reported

Two out of the three papers did not find educational implementation to have a statistically significant positive effect on hand hygiene compliance (HHC) in small animal veterinary professionals

Conclusion

The veterinary evidence reviewed does not provide strong justification for the use of education in the improvement of HHC in small animal practice. This contrasts with extensive human evidence which supports the use of educational interventions (Helder et al., 2010).  However, a limited veterinary knowledge base in the field of HH, combined with the flawed methodologies of the appraised literature, suggests that this finding is not representative of the effect education could have on HHC.

The conclusion drawn from the evidence assessed within this Knowledge Summary is that educational interventions are not significantly linked to an improvement in HHC within a small animal veterinary setting. When considering the volume of human evidence which supports education as a tool to improve HHC, the authors suggest this Knowledge Summary should be repeated in the future when additional veterinary evidence is available to reassess the conclusion drawn

 

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision-making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
La metrópolis oscura. Influencias arquitectónicas en la creación de las ciudades del cine de ciencia ficción
Authors: Bonifacino Ignacio , Brum Stewart Carlos
Published: July 2020

La relación entre el cine y la arquitectura es múltiple y compleja. Se remonta a las primeras experiencias de este arte, donde la arquitectura simplemente se utilizaba para darle contexto y escala (escenografía) a las historias. Posteriormente este vínculo evoluciona hasta generar un determinado carácter arquitectónico que aporta y se integra a la película. Entre los múltiples puntos en común, el estudio se centrará en las ciudades distópicas de ciencia ficción, ya que la arquitectura pasa a ser un protagonista más de la trama. La Metrópolis Oscura tendrá como objetivo demostrar que existen parámetros, elementos y manifestaciones arquitectónicas que se repiten en la creación del espacio cinematográfico. Para ello, el trabajo toma diversas películas representativas del siglo xx, principalmente a Metrópolis (Fritz Lang, 1929) y Blade Runner (Ridley Scott, 1982), para demostrar la existencia de un arquetipo en las películas de ciencia ficción futurista.
Espacio moderno: funcionalismo reduccionista
Authors: Montes Lamas J. Pablo
Published: July 2020

En cuanto a movilidad humana en el espacio urbanoarquitectónico, la Modernidad representó la entronización de lo inmóvil y lo comprimido por medio de formas de control practicadas en el taxativo espacio moderno. Ello condujo al planteamiento de la composición arquitectónica desde un sistema cartesiano, cerrado y disciplinar. Las formas pedagógicas, constructivas y de diseño en arquitectura y urbanismo modernos estuvieron influenciadas decisivamente por un régimen que en el pensamiento occidental apuntó a domesticar el cuerpo y controlar el espacio. La Posmodernidad, como oposición cultural, quiere emanciparse de estas restricciones y con ello pone en marcha un proceso de insurrección. Este artículo trata de las formas disciplinares ilustradas que dieron consistencia al espacio moderno, cuyas representaciones geométricas fueron el plano y el cuadro –con sus respectivas enunciaciones dialécticas–, de las lógicas latentes de la Ilustración que tienen como consecuencia un espacio disciplinar, y de las características que lo definen en oposición a los rasgos espaciales (traducidos a modelos) de la Posmodernidad: la ruptura del idealismo platónico, la transgresión de las contraculturas, el redescubrimiento de lo extenso en oposición a un espacio teórico y compacto y su entendimiento no dialéctico sino (en sentido deleuziano) rizomático y desplegado.
Neonatal Enterovirus: A Case Report in a Term Infant Requiring Air Evacuation
Authors: Shaff Morgan S. , Love C. Scott , Schulz Elizabeth V.
Published: July 2020

Enterovirus infections in neonates have the potential to cause a cascade of devastating clinical complications that can lead to death. Because of vague maternal symptom presentations, the diagnosis may not be obvious to antepartum adult providers. Clinicians evaluating infants in the newborn nursery and following initial hospital discharge must be alert for this potential infection. Common newborn issues, such as hyperbilirubinemia and weight loss, may be early signs of a more life-threatening diagnosis. Enterovirus infections may be responsible for a continuum of critical diagnoses in the neonate. Utilization of viral panels during the initial rule-out sepsis evaluation may provide rapid diagnosis and, ultimately, earlier response times to devastating clinical symptoms. Antepartum history and presenting features of enteroviral infections warrant rapid diagnosis with viral polymerase chain reaction detection panels to potentially reduce antibiotic usage and inpatient length of stay. The purpose of this case report is to review risk factors, presentation, and management of neonatal enterovirus infections. As this infant was born in a remote setting and required air evacuation, the logistics of this transport are also discussed.
Ecología comunicativa en tiempos del coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Del moméntum catastróphicum al virtus véritas
Authors: Peñafiel-Saiz Carmen , Ronco-López Milagros , Castañeda-Zumeta Aitor
Published: July 2020

La pandemia del coronavirus ha puesto en jaque la estabilidad sanitaria e institucional, así como la veracidad de las instituciones y prensa, en la que puede identificarse, paralelamente a la pandemia sanitaria, la infodemia (OMS). El presente artículo dibuja un panorama de la situación mencionada, prestando atención a los principios de ética periodística, la situación informativa española y el trabajo informativo de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se parte de una revisión de casos concretos y bibliometría. Se constata la necesidad que tiene la ciudadanía de recibir una información fiable y veraz, trabajando conjuntamente las instituciones públicas y la ciencia empírica a fin de evitar la infodemia, la saturación informativa y las fake news.
Revisión sistemática de estudios sobre inocuidad alimentaria en Cuenca, Ecuador, periodo 1981-2017
Authors: Ulloa Johana Ortiz , Arteaga Evelyn Michelle Castro , Avilés Angélica María Ochoa , Moscoso Silvana Patricia Donoso
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Evaluar la evidencia existente sobre inocuidad alimentaria en el cantón Cuenca, Ecuador. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de los estudios en inocuidad alimentaria (microorganismos, contaminantes y adulterantes) durante el período 1981-2017. Resultados: Inicialmente se identificaron 640 estudios. Luego del análisis de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se incluyeron 40 estudios relacionados a evaluaciones microbiológicas (67.5%), pesticidas, parásitos y antibióticos (7.5%), conservantes y metales (10%) y toxinas (15%). Discusión: En los estudios se recalca la necesidad de implementar medidas de higiene y monitoreo, control en la manipulación, transporte y almacenamiento, control de los alimentos frescos cuya calidad no está regida por normativas nacionales, capacitar a los manipuladores y vendedores ambulantes. Esta revisión proporciona una base racional para toma de decisiones y desarrollo de medidas preventivas y correctivas; así como también propone los criterios mínimos de muestreo y análisis para discriminar y comparar estudios en esta problemática.
Aligned and Staggered Layouts: What is the Impact on Wind Farms Land-Use?
Authors: Valotta Rodrigues Rafael , Lengsfeld Corinne
Published: July 2020

The use of wind energy has been developing fast over the last years. The global cumulative wind power capacity increased by 10.5% in 2019, most of which comes from onshore wind farms. One of the consequences of this continuous increase is the use of land for onshore wind farms. There are already cases worldwide where lack of well-established plans and strategies have caused delays in projects. The need for efficiently using land for wind farms will be mandatory in the short term. In this work, we present a numerical analysis to evaluate wind farm land-use. By defining the ratio between mechanical output power over an area as a parameter called land-use ratio, this work focused on comparing several cases of aligned and staggered layouts. Mechanical output power was estimated using a validated code based on Blade Element Momentum code, and the wake velocities and wake interaction effects were estimated using a validated wind turbine CFD model. In terms of output power, staggered designs are more efficient than aligned designs. However, the results showed that even though staggered designs produced higher output power, aligned farms with tight lateral spacing could be as efficient as staggered ones in terms of land-use but using fewer turbines. In summary, tightly aligned designs should be a tendency in the future towards efficient use of land in wind farms.
LINGUISTICS POLITENESS MARKERS IN AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY IN INDONESIA’S SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Hamidah Hamidah , Anwar Miftahulkhairah , Rohman Saifur
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT:

This article analyzes the types of politeness markers on the social media of Australian Embassy in Indonesia. This research used descriptive qualitative method with content analysis techniques. Data sources taken from Instagram and Facebook which retrieval during 2017. The data was selected based on educational and cultural themed. This reaserch found that there were 55 politeness markers included in 15 forms, there are semoga, kamu bisa, apakah, selamat, bentuk sapaan hormat, ayo atau yuk, bentuk sapaan akrab, sangat dianjurkan, asyik ya, tak sabar, tahukah kamu, sebaiknya, bagaimana, sukses untuk studinya, kami mendoakan yang terbaik, and kami ingin mengucapkan selamat.

Keywords: politeness; politeness markers; Australian Embassy in Indonesia’s Social Media
KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PEMBELAJARAN EFEKTIF DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYYAH RAHMAH EL YUNUSIYYAH DINIYYAH PUTERI PADANG PANJANG
Authors: Aprilana Emi Ratna , Kristiawan Muhammad , Hafulyon Hafulyon
Published: July 2020

Abstract: This study was aimed at describing the headmaster’ leadership of Islamic Primary School Rahmah El Yunusiyyah in applying effective learning. The informants of this study were sectional leader of education, headmaster, teachers, staffs, parents and students. This study applied qualitative case study. The headmaster’s leadership of Islamic Primary School Rahmah El Yunusiyyah produced many achievements. The effective learning was done in order to produce students’ good attitude and achievement. The headmaster’s leadership was seen good, because his caring on developing teachers and students’ participation. The headmaster applied 1) technical skills; 2) human skills; and 3) conceptual skills on his leadership. The headmaster suggested the teachers to use Curriculum 2013 and School Based Curriculum by using domain approach. The domain approach tend to grow the project based character building in order to empower students’ understanding. The school was also did learning by using environment and earth.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah dalam mewujudkan pembelajaran efektif di Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah Rahmah El Yunusiyyah. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah semua Kasi Pendidikan Madrasah, Kepala Madrasah, tenaga pendidik dan kependidikan, orang tua siswa, dan siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah telah menghasilkan prestasi-prestasi gemilang. Pembelajaran efektif dilaksanakan dengan menghasilkan peserta didik yang berakhlak mulia dan berprestasi. Kepemimpinan Kepala MI REY dinilai baik, karena kepedulian Kepala MI REY dalam mengembangkan kemampuan partisipatif guru dan siswa. Kepala MI REY berusaha memenuhi sarana prasarana untuk kelancaran pembelajaran. Kepala MI REY telah menerapkan 1) technical skills; 2) human skills; dan 3) conceptual skills. Kepala MI REY mengharuskan guru menggunakan Kurikulum 2013 dan KTSP dengan Pendekatan Domain. Pendekatan domain menitikberatkan pada.penanaman nilai karakter siswa program unggulan pembelajaran efektif berbasis proyek, yang bertujuan untuk menguatkan pemahaman peserta didik dengan materi yang diberikan. Selain itu MI REY melaksanakan pembelajaran dengan lingkungan dan alam.
PERAN GURU DALAM MENUMBUHKAN KREATIVITAS SISWA DI SD/MI
Authors: Erzad Azizah Maulina
Published: July 2020

Tulisan ini berusaha menunjukkan bahwa perilaku belajar siswa di sekolah dipengaruhi oleh cara guru dalam mengajar. Guru tidak hanya perlu cakap dalam ilmu pengetahuan saja melainkan juga harus mampu dalam menstimulasi bakat yang terdapat pada siswa. Seorang guru yang inovatif dan kreatif akan menghasilkan siswa yang kreatif pula. Fokus dari kajian ini adalah menumbuhkan kreativitas siswa Sekolah Dasar/Madrasah Ibtidaiyah dalam kegiatan pembelajaran oleh guru. Metode dari penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan dengan menelaah beberapa literatur antara lain buku-buku dan artikel-artikel jurnal. Hasil dari kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa guru memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam menumbuhkan kreativitas siswa dalam pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar atau Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Guru harus mampu melakukan perubahan-perubahan atau inovasi dalam mengajar tidak terbatas dalam mata pelajaran apapun sehingga kreativitas siswa senantiasa terasah dan berkembang.
PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN EFEKTIF SEKOLAH DASAR ISLAM TERPADU
Authors: Sabiq Fairuz
Published: July 2020

Pendidikan Islam memainkan peranan yang sangat penting dalam membentuk generasi yang siap menghadapi era globalisasi yang penuh dengan tantangan. Pendidikan Islam harus mampu menyelengarakan proses pembekalan pengetahuan, penanaman nilai, pembentukan sikap dan karakter, pengembangan bakat, kemampuan dan keterampilan, menumbuhkembangkan potensi akal, jasmani dan rohani yang optimal, seimbang  dan sesuai dengan tuntutan zaman. Namun pada kenyataanya, pendidikan Islam khususnya di Indonesia telah berjalan dalam lorong krisis yang panjang. Pendidikan Islam telah kehilangan pijakan filosofisnya yang hakiki, yang kemudian berdampak pada tidak jelasnya arah dan tujuan yang hendak dicapai. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, munculah gagasan Pendidikan Islam Terpadu; sebuah model pendidikan yang didesain dengan segala keterpaduan dari berbagai sisi dan aspek pendidikan yang meliputi visi, misi, kurikulum, pendidik, suasana pembelajaran dan lain sebagainya. Sekolah Islam Terpadu sebagai bentuk satuan pendidikan memiliki peran yang strategis dalam membentuk, membangun, membina dan mengarahkan siswa menjadi manusia yang seutuhnya, manusia yang berkarakter dan berkepribadian yang positif, memahami diri sendiri, terampil dan mampu berkerja sama dengan orang lain. Salah satunya adalah SD Islam Terpadu Hidayah Klaten yang menerapkan konsep rabbaniyah, integratif, stimulatif, fasilitatif, inovatif, dan motivatif dalam kurikulumnya.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DI STAIN KUDUS
Authors: Sanusi Sanusi
Published: July 2020

Tulisan ini hadir sebagai sebuah respon atas dinamika dunia pendidikan yang terus mengalami perubahan yang cukup signifikan seiring dengan laju perkembangan zaman. Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa perkembangan teknologi informasi telah mewarnai dinamika sekaligus menjadi bagian terpenting dalam dunia pendidikan khususnya di jenjang perguruan tinggi termasuk di STAIN Kudus. Pengembangan media pembelajaran dan pemanfaatan sumber belajar berbasis teknologi informasi dan komunikasi merupakan bagian terpenting bagi setiap perguruan tinggi, sehingga keberadaannya tidak dapat terpisahkan. Berdasarkan kebutuhan tersebut, STAIN Kudus terus melakukan upaya pengembangan mutu pembelajaran melalui pemanfaatan media pembelajaran dan sumber belajar berbasis teknologi informasi. Capaian perkembangan STAIN Kudus dalam hal pemanfaatan teknologi informasi tersebut ditandai dengan transformasi pengelolaan di beberapa aspek, mulai dari hal-hal yang terkait dengan administrasi, media pembelajaran, perjurnalan (OJS), digital library (repository) dan sebagainya.
STUDENT-CENTERED LEARNING (SCL) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS SISWA MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Suciati Suciati
Published: July 2020

Kreativitas sangat berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI). Untuk meningkatkan kreativitas tersebut, salah satu alternatif adalah mengaplikasikan Students-Centered Learning (SCL) atau pendekatan pembelajaran yang berpusat pada siswa. Penulis menelaah tiga hal, yaitu faktor yang mempengaruhi kreativitas belajar siswa; perencanaan, pengaplikasian dan evaluasi SCL; dan model pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan SCL. Dalam artikel ini, penulis melakukan penelitian pustaka atau library research, yaitu dengan menelaah beberapa referensi terkait dengan pengaplikasian SCL untuk meningkatkan kreativitas siswa MI. Hasil dari kajian menunjukkan bahwa ada dua faktor yang mempengaruhi kreativitas belajar siswa, yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal siswa; perencanaan, pengaplikasian dan evaluasi SCL harus sesuai dengan kriteria; dan model pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan SCL ada dua, yaitu pembelajaran kooperatif atau cooperative learning dan pembelajaran discovery learning.
PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF MISMATCH PAI TEACHER IN ISLAMIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL OF PECANGAANJEPARA (A Study of effects on the learning results of Islamic education)
Authors: Al-Mufti Alex Yusron
Published: July 2020

This research aims to describe and to analyze about: 1) how to improve professional competence of mismatch teachers in Islamic religious education (PAI) in Islamic ElementarySchool of Pecangaan, 2) the effects on teachers' pedagogic competence, 3) how far the efforts of the mismatch teachers in solving the problem.This research is a descriptive qualitaive research. Based on the object of this research, it is included in a field of research. The methods used in this research are observation, interview and documentation. The result of this research shows: 1) there are efforts reconstructed in Islamic ElementarySchool of Pecangaan used to improve the professional competence of the mismatch teacher, such as: a) involved in a training, b) supervising, c) additional book, d) MGMP; 2) professional competence of the mismatch teachers influence their pedagogic competence, 3) the mismatch teachers condition relates to pedagogic competence create some problems, however the teachers solve them in some steps, they are: a) self adaptation and exercising, b) self study, c) checking references from books and internet, d) self exercising on using electronic media.
SOFT SKILLS PROBLEM ON ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Khoeroni Farid
Published: July 2020

This article explains the problem of soft skills in elementary school. So far, the orientation of education focused on hard skills while soft skills play a lot on social environment after graduating from school almost untouched at all. This research use descriptive qualitative method with qualitative analysis technique of content (content analysis). The result show that the problem of soft skills in basic education is the competence of the professional profession although it is rich in the concept of general education and Islamic education. But when it is not balanced with the competence of the profession the teacher will have implications on the readiness to deal with the social environment during adulthood.
THE ACTUALIZATION OF INTEGRATIVE THEMATIC LEARNING IN MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH (MI) THROUGH ARIAS LEARNING MODEL
Authors: Hadi Nur
Published: July 2020

This paper aims to describe how to actualize integrative thematic learning that takes place in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) where during this time the educator sometimes still confused how to do the step, what strategy should be used, what model should be chosen in doing the learning process. A thing that must be done by educators for integrative thematic learning can be implemented properly one of them is by using ARIAS learning model. The ARIAS learning model is able to make integrative thematic learning work well. Because the learning model ARIAS is a learning system characterized by a systematic learning environment, meaningful and simple, able to provide comfort learners follow the learning activities, able to develop students' reasoning ability, able to acquire and mastery of new material, able to foster self-confidence learners, able to grow interest and attention of learners, able to cultivate a sense of pride and satisfaction of learners in following the learning.

 
Telemental Health and US Rural–Urban Differences in Specialty Mental Health Use, 2010–2017
Authors: Patel Sadiq Y. , Huskamp Haiden A. , Busch Alisa B. , Mehrotra Ateev
Published: July 2020

Objectives. To examine whether growing use of telemental health (TMH) has reduced the rural–urban gap in specialty mental health care use in the United States.

Methods. Using 2010–2017 Medicare data, we analyzed trends in the rural–urban difference in rates of specialty visits (in-person and TMH).

Results. Among rural beneficiaries diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, TMH use grew by 425% over the 8 years and, in higher-use rural areas, accounted for one quarter of all specialty mental health visits in 2017. Among patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, TMH visits differentially grew in rural areas by 0.14 visits from 2010 to 2017. This growth partially offset the 0.42-visit differential decline in in-person visits in rural areas. In net, the gap between rural and urban patients in specialty visits was larger by 2017.

Conclusions. TMH has improved access to specialty care in rural areas, particularly for individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. While growth in TMH use has been insufficient to eliminate the overall rural–urban difference in specialty care use, this difference may have been larger if not for TMH.

Public Health Implications. Targeted policy to extend TMH to underserved areas may help offset declines in in-person specialty care.
Immigration Status and Disparities in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (Visit 2, 2014–2017)
Authors: Guadamuz Jenny S. , Durazo-Arvizu Ramon A. , Daviglus Martha L. , Perreira Krista M. , Calip Gregory S. , Nutescu Edith A. , Gallo Linda C. , Castaneda Sheila F. , Gonzalez Franklyn , Qato Dima M.
Published: July 2020

Objectives. To estimate treatment rates of high cholesterol, hypertension, and diabetes among Hispanic/Latino immigrants by immigration status (i.e., naturalized citizens, documented immigrants, or undocumented immigrants).

Methods. We performed a cross-sectional analyses of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (visit 2, 2014–2017). We restricted our analysis to Hispanic/Latino immigrants with high cholesterol (n = 3974), hypertension (n = 3353), or diabetes (n = 2406); treatment was defined as use of statins, antihypertensives, and antidiabetics, respectively.

Results. When compared with naturalized citizens, undocumented and documented immigrants were less likely to receive treatment for high cholesterol (38.4% vs 14.1%; prevalence ratio [PR] = 0.37 [95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.27, 0.51] and 25.7%; PR = 0.67 [95% CI = 0.58, 0.76]), hypertension (77.7% vs 57.7%; PR = 0.74 [95% CI = 0.62, 0.89] and 68.1%; PR = 0.88 [95% CI = 0.82, 0.94]), and diabetes (60.3% vs. 50.4%; PR = 0.84 [95% CI = 0.68, 1.02] and 55.8%; PR = 0.93 [95% CI = 0.83, 1.03]); the latter did not reach statistical significance. Undocumented and documented immigrants had less access to health care, including insurance coverage or a usual health care provider, than naturalized citizens. Therefore, adjusting for health care access largely explained treatment disparities across immigration status.

Conclusions. Preventing cardiovascular disease among Hispanic/Latino immigrants should focus on undertreatment of high cholesterol, hypertension, and diabetes by increasing health care access, especially among undocumented immigrants.
E-cigarette Tobacco Retail Licensing Laws: Variance Across US States as of January 1, 2020
Authors: Patel Minal , Donovan Emily M. , Perks Siobhan N. , Huang Darlene , Czaplicki Lauren , Akbar Maham , Gagosian Stacey , Schillo Barbara A.
Published: July 2020

Objectives. To describe how US states and the District of Columbia regulate e-cigarette sales by examining e-cigarette–specific tobacco retail licensing (TRL) laws.

Methods. We coded 25 state-level e-cigarette TRL laws (effective as of January 1, 2020) for provisions we labeled as either “core” (e.g., presence of license terms, fees, and penalties) or “descriptive” (e.g., license fee amount and term length).

Results. Overall, 23 laws clearly defined a license term, 23 laws required a license fee, and 19 laws identified penalties for violations that included both license suspension and revocation. Fees widely ranged ($5–$1000 annually), and 8 laws did not explicitly direct fees toward TRL administration or enforcement. No law required that retailers comply with all local, state, and federal tobacco or e-cigarette laws.

Conclusions. Most laws contained core TRL provisions. Several laws, however, had minimal license fees and did not direct fees toward administration or enforcement. As youth e-cigarette use increases, more states should consider establishing e-cigarette TRL laws or incorporating provisions into existing TRL laws.
Infertility Treatment in France, 2008–2017: A Challenge of Growing Treatment Needs at Older Ages
Authors: Ben Messaoud Khaoula , Bouyer Jean , de La Rochebrochard Elise
Published: July 2020

Objectives. To measure trends in infertility treatment use between 2008 and 2017 in France using data from the national health insurance system.

Methods. Between 2008 and 2017, we observed a representative national sample of nearly 1% of all women aged 20 to 49 years who were affiliated with the main health insurance scheme in France (more than 100 000 women observed each year). We exhaustively recorded all health care reimbursed to these women.

Results. Among women aged 20 to 49 years, 1.25% were treated for infertility each year. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant interaction between age and year of treatment use (P < .001). Over the decade, infertility treatment use increased by 23.9% among women aged 34 years or older, whereas among women younger than 34 years there was a nonsignificant variation.

Conclusions. Women aged 34 years or older were increasingly treated for infertility between 2008 and 2017.

Public Health Implications. Treatment efficiency decreases strongly with a woman’s age, presenting a challenge for medical infertility care.
PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGURANGAN KETERGANTUNGAN PETANI TERHADAP PUPUK KIMIA DI DUSUN SIDOWAYAH, DESA CANDIMULYO, KECAMATAN DOLOPO, KABUPATEN MADIUN
Authors: Marwantika Asna Istya
Published: July 2020

Pupuk  organik  menjadi  salah  satu  pilihan para petani  untuk  mengembalikan  produktivitas tanah  dan  meningkatkan  hasil  produksi  pertaniannya.  Setelah  selama  ini  petani  di  Dusun Sidowayah,  Desa  Candimulyo,  Kecamatan  Dolopo,  Kabupaten  Madiun  lebih  banyak menggunakan  pupuk  kimia  untuk  pertanian.  Faktor  kemudahan  memperoleh  barang  dan menggunakan  pupuk  kimia  memang  menjadi  faktor  utama  pemakaian  pupuk  kimia. Varian  Urea,  ZA  sudah  terbukti  dan  dirasakan  mujarab  dalam  meningkatkan  produksi pertanian,  baik  itu  untuk  tanaman  padi  maupun  jagung.  Tetapi  dibalik  itu  tentunya  ada beberapa  bahaya  pupuk  kimia  seperti  penggunaan  yang  berkepanjangan  justru  akan merusak  unsur  kesuburan  tanah,  dan  juga  hasil  pertaniannya  mengandung  zat  kimia, kemudian  bisa  mengendap  dan  menyebabkan  penyakit  di  tubuh  manusia  jika  dikonsumsi secara  terus  menerus.  Bahaya  akan  penggunaan  pupuk  kimia  ini  rupanya  mulai  direspon oleh  masyarakat  dusun  Sidowayah  setelah    melihat  aset  dengan  metode  Asset  Based Community  Development  ditemukan  aset  berupa  kotoran  sapi  dan  kotoran  kambing  yang diolah  menjadi  pupuk organik.