bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi untuk Media Pemasaran di Daerah Wisata Kuliner (Studi Kasus: Kampoeng Kuliner)
Authors: Beata Shenny Ayunuri , Simamora Riris Mutiara Paulina , Nurapriyanti Tia , Gunawan Adih Cahyadi , Yusticio Juan Michael
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi strategi pemasaran Kampoeng Kuliner melalui empat platform media sosial utama: Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, dan TikTok. Dengan pendekatan Marketing Public Relations (Marketing PR) dan konsep E-Business, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami peran media sosial sebagai alat efektif dalam membangun hubungan positif dengan masyarakat, meningkatkan citra, dan memberikan kontribusi ekonomi pada tingkat lokal. Pendekatan Marketing PR menjadi kunci dalam konteks pemasaran melalui media sosial, memungkinkan Kampoeng Kuliner berkomunikasi efektif dengan masyarakat setempat, menciptakan citra positif, dan meningkatkan dukungan. Konsep E-Business memainkan peran penting dalam inovasi pemasaran Kampoeng Kuliner, memanfaatkan teknologi digital dan media sosial sebagai alat pemasaran efektif untuk memperluas eksposur dan pendapatan bisnis. Dengan meningkatkan popularitas Kampoeng Kuliner melalui promosi media sosial, bisnis ini dapat menarik lebih banyak pengunjung, meningkatkan pendapatan bagi pemilik usaha lokal, pedagang makanan, dan penyedia layanan lainnya. Kesuksesan bisnis seperti Kampoeng Kuliner dapat membantu menciptakan lapangan kerja dan meningkatkan pendapatan ekonomi di wilayah tersebut. Melalui promosi kuliner dan budaya lokal di media sosial, Kampoeng Kuliner memperkenalkan masyarakat setempat kepada berbagai jenis hidangan, merangsang minat dalam keberagaman kuliner dan budaya dalam komunitas. Dengan menampilkan keindahan dan pesona Kampoeng Kuliner, bisnis ini dapat meningkatkan citra dan daya tarik wilayah sebagai tujuan wisata, menarik lebih banyak wisatawan untuk menghabiskan uang di sekitar Kampoeng Kuliner, termasuk di akomodasi, toko suvenir, dan atraksi lainnya. Sebagai hasilnya, penelitian ini mendalam tentang dampak positif pemanfaatan media sosial dalam pemasaran Kampoeng Kuliner, dengan fokus pada interaksi Marketing PR dan konsep E-Business, diharapkan memberikan panduan praktis untuk meningkatkan strategi pemasaran melalui media sosial bagi bisnis sejenis, serta memberikan kontribusi positif pada ekonomi dan kesejahteraan masyarakat setempat.
Railroad Luxemburg: Rosa Luxemburg’s Theory of Infrastructure and its Consequences for a Public Service Internet
Authors: Muller Charli
Published: April 2024

Infrastructures of circulation, transportation, and communication play a central role in Luxemburg’s work in political economy as well as revolutionary strategy. This paper seeks to reconstruct and develop a theory of capitalist infrastructural expansion drawing from a variety of Luxemburg’s writings. In Accumulation of Capital, infrastructural expansion – namely of railroads – plays a central role at all stages of capitalist accumulation. Railroads act as a site of military and state investment for introducing the commodity economy to non-capitalist sectors and eventually for the “capitalist emancipation of the hinterland.” At the same time Luxemburg rejects the progressive character of these infrastructural endeavours, and she argues that they will not be a genuine “stamp of progress in an historical sense” until capitalism has been destroyed. It is no coincidence then that her political writings prominently feature figures such as railway and postal workers, who are strategically positioned to strike at the infrastructures of imperialism. A Luxemburgist theory of infrastructure has important relevance for contemporary debates around the expansion and ownership of Internet infrastructures. The past decade has been marked by various calls for new models of Internet ownership. These include The Public Service Internet Manifesto, the Democratic Socialists of America’s Internet for All Campaign, Tarnoff’s Internet for the People, Téwodros Workneh’s “Case for Telecommunications Commons in Ethiopia,” and netCommons Project’s vision for community networks. Such calls for a publicly owned and funded Internet risk reproducing some of the dynamics Luxemburg describes in her account of the history of railroads, canals, telegraphs etc. Namely, such calls parallel the state subsidising of an infrastructure that seeks out new sites of accumulation and extraction. This is not to say that such endeavours should be wholly abandoned, but must fit into a broader anti-capitalist political program, otherwise such infrastructural expansion can be seen as continuing the expansion of capitalist accumulation. Luxemburg deters us from looking for a technical fix. For this reason, Luxemburg’s political writings and her critique of the non-progressive nature of capitalism are also useful as she indicates how the destruction of capitalism can alter and redeem such large infrastructural projects.
Building the Future? Software Workers’ Imaginaries of Technology
Authors: Thaa Helene , Ivanova Mirela , Nickel Felix , Hardering Friedericke , Nachtwey Oliver
Published: April 2024

This article investigates an actor’s perspective on digital capitalism. We study software workers’ orientations towards their work by focusing on the social use value they attribute to it. The concept of use value allows us to examine the contradictions software workers might experience in digital capitalism. Drawing on the literature on the control of software workers and the New Spirit of Digital Capitalism, we identify hindrances to the workers’ claims of a social use value and explore the imaginaries of technology which might form the basis for a critique or legitimation of digital capitalism. We find that software workers hold strong claims of a societal use value towards their work. While their ethos of good technology forms a strong foundation to critique hindrances they perceive in creating useful technology, imaginaries of technology as an autonomous force might delegitimise the workers’ claims.
Writing Back Against Amazon’s Empire: Science Fiction, Corporate Storytelling, and the Dignity of the Workers’ Word
Authors: Haiven Max , Webb Graeme , Olutola Sarah , Benivolski Xenia
Published: April 2024

Since its founding in 1994 as an online bookstore, Amazon has “revolutionised” not only the market for literature but also expanded aggressively and transformatively in sectors including consumer retail, film and television, groceries, logistics, robotics, surveillance, AI, and web services. This growth and expansion is grounded in the firm’s internal and outward-facing rhetoric about its leading contribution to a brighter future, a narrative deeply inspired by the genre of science or speculative fiction (SF). But Amazon’s utopian vision is largely experienced as a dystopia by most of its rank-and-file workers, who labour under exploitative conditions of surveillance, robotization, and relentless managerial control. Hence our team inaugurated the Worker as Futurist project to support rank-and-file Amazon workers to read/watch SF stories to collectively understand their employer and its world, and also to write short, SF stories about “the world after Amazon.” In this preliminary report on the project, we explain the inspirations for the project and reflect on some of what we have learned from the participants, as well as some implications for the futures of platform workers generally.
Proposals to improve the law on securities brokerage activities in Vietnam
Authors:   Institute of Business Research, University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City, 59C Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Vo Thi Sau Ward, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Hoang Nam , Duong Kim The Nguyen ,   Faculty of Law, College of Economics, Law and Government, University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City, 279 Nguyen Tri Phuong Street, Ward 5, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: April 2024

Securities brokerage activity in Vietnam is one of the conditional business activities. Besides providing stock trading services for individuals and organizations who want to buy or sell securities on the exchange, securities brokerage activities are also connecting investors, helping to attract and circulate cash flow in the economy, improving the investment and business cultural environment and promoting new product development. Currently, the law on securities brokerage activities is relatively complete in terms of the legal framework, however, no matter how the law is strict, it cannot cover all cases. In the scope of this article, the author will gain an overview of the securities brokerage activities in Vietnam. Through analytical research and synthetic methods based on current legal regulations including laws, decrees and circulars, the article will evaluate the remaining shortcomings in the legal regulations of the securities brokerage profession, thereby, giving some recommendations and solutions to supplement and improve the legal regulations related to securities brokerage activities in Vietnam.
Application of Tenodesis for an Extremely Rare Hand Extensor Injury in an Athlete: A Case Report
Authors:   Serviço de Ortopedia E Traumatologia, Pereira João ,   Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal, Moreira André , Azevedo Joana , Ferreira David , Ribeiro Elisabete , Varanda Pedro , Rodrigues Luís
Published: April 2024

Spontaneous tendon ruptures of the wrist are a rare pathology, usually secondary to rheumatoid arthritis or distal radius fractures and most commonly evolving the extensor pollicis longus. Sport-related etiology is a growing tendency of this pathology. As far as the authors know, this is one of the first sport-related extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) isolated spontaneous rupture described in the literature. We describe a case of a 41 year-old female amateur kickboxer who developed acute dorsal radial pain in the right wrist during practice. After attempting conservative treatment for 4 months with rest and NSAIDs she recurred at our clinic. Local pain at dorsal wrist extension was observed. MRI demonstrated an isolated ECRB rupture with associated fibrous tissue proximal to the extensor retinaculum. Surgical management was proposed and consisted of fibrous tissue debridement and ECRB-ECRL tenodesis. At 3 months of follow-up the patient reported return-to-play with impaired wrist motion and mild pain at maximum wrist extension. At 12 months of follow-up the patient was completely recovered and asymptomatic. Isolated tendon ruptures are a rare pathology, causing extreme pain and disability in the sport setting. Surgical management of this ECRB tendon rupture by tenodesis allowed for appropriate pain control and functional results and early return-to-play.
O uso do óleo de girassol ozonizado no tratamento de feridas em pequenos animais
Authors: Borges Raieli Luana , Reichert Bruna Bogorni , Oliveira Tanara Raquel da Silva de , Wilges Carlos Henrique de Mello , Nicola Carolina Ferrazza , Teichmann Cristiane Elise
Published: April 2024

The skin is the protective layer of the body and, therefore, the organ most susceptible to lesions. Curing them is very important in veterinary medicine due to their high incidence in small animal clinics. The present work aims to evaluate the healing effect of ozonized sunflower oil in the treatment of animal wounds through two clinical cases in different species. Two skin wounds with myiasis were evaluated, one in a mixed breed canine with a lesion in the perianal region, and another in a mixed breed feline with a lesion in the cervical region, both treated with ozonized sunflower oil. The established therapy did not demonstrate side effects in either canine or feline. Therefore, the treatment was effective and the wound healed completely within a period of 30 days in the canine and within 50 days in the feline. The animals presented, in addition to healing, accelerated hair growth, correlated to ozonized sunflower oil, which acts on circulation, aiding metabolism. The therapy instituted through ozone had a positive influence on the wounds, acting locally, promoting oxygenation and improving the animals' metabolism. Ozonated sunflower oil helps reduce local infection, acting with bactericidal, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Ozone therapy is an integrative therapy and acts complementarily to conventional treatments. This therapy has been increasingly used in veterinary medicine in its various possible applications. Topical treatment with ozonized sunflower oil has shown to be completely effective in regenerating both wounds, taking less time in dogs than in cats due to the particularities of each species, in addition to being an easy-to-apply method, and easy-to-use treatment of low cost for tutors.
PROBLEMATIKA DALAM IMPLEMENTASI LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Yulianti Yulianti , Marliana Nurwahidah , Munawaroh Zahara Al , Alhamdika Zidan
Published: April 2024

Education to carry out guidance and counseling in schools is an element related to services in schools. The coordinator or implementer is the supervising teacher and the person who gives advice. Consultation is a method of support provided to parties consulted during meetings so that the consultation process has the ability to see and find problem points and solutions to problems. In the process of advising or supporting counselees, counselees systematically express their problems, have the ability to accept themselves according to their potential, and help solve problems with their potential. In implementing counseling guidance services, many students do not clearly understand the duties, functions and role of counseling guidance. Elements that are proven to be in accordance with existing practices in the field of guidance and counseling can be used as a forum for advising and motivating problems in order to find solutions that suit one's abilities. An interview or debrief is a tool for gathering information by revealing several problems and receiving a good response.Keywords: Problems, Implementation, Guidance and Counseling
Transdisciplinary humanities for social transformation
Authors: Zuberogoitia Aitor , Madinabeitia Monika , Greenwood Davydd
Published: April 2024

The new degree in the Global Digital Humanities has been launched by the Faculty of Humanities and Education at Mondragon University on its new urban campus of Bilbao AS Fabrik. In a time of increasing urbanisation, universities must reflect on their relationship to surrounding cities and regions and develop ways to incorporate the urban and regional setting in their educational offerings. This BA shows the value of a transdisciplinary Action Research approach in facing complex social challenges and contributing to innovative social transformations in the city and region. The new campus also marks the beginning of an internal university process to develop mutual knowledge and greater permeability between different degree programmes in pursuit of a new organisational culture and practice that moves beyond narrow disciplinary models.
Challenges faced by Iraqi academics in career advancement and promotion
Authors: Dakhil Zainab Atiyah , Skuk Moatamn , Al-Jorani May
Published: April 2024

Considering the lack of data from Iraq on the challenges faced by academics regarding academic advancement, we aimed to explore the main challenges faced by academic faculty members in Iraq in achieving academic advancement and promotion. A cross sectional 24-item Google form survey was shared via social media; 130 Iraqi academics responded. Lack of research funding and poor research infrastructure were the most common barriers for academic advancement. Most academics agreed that the cost of promotion requirements is considered a lot compared to their income. This is the first study that has explored this issue in Iraq and suggests future strategies to overcome these barriers.
Removal of Commercial Textile Dye DRMD from Wastewater Using Two-Dimensional Mesoporous Graphene Oxide Adsorbent
Authors:   Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, Malitha Sadit Bihongo , Mahmudunnabi Dewan Md. ,   Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, Rahman Ria Mahjabin ,   Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, Hossain Khandker Saadat ,   Department of Physics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, Sayid Mia Md. Abu ,   Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences (CARS), University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, Alam Md. Zahangir ,   Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Sector 15, Uttara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Published: April 2024

Environmental toxins from textile effluents, including organic contaminants, heavy metals, and dyes, pose significant health risks such as renal illness, allergies, dermatitis, and cancer when released into the aquatic environment. While various dye removal methods exist, adsorption is highlighted as a potentially effective solution due to its low cost, simplicity, and ease of use. An adsorbent of two-dimensional mesoporous Graphene Oxide (GO) was produced using Hummer’s method from cost-effective graphite powder. This was then utilized to eliminate the Doracryl Red MD (DRMD) textile dye from the aqueous system. To characterize the synthesized material, XRD, FTIR, and SEM analyses were performed. Zeta Potential and AFM analysis were used to determine surface charge and roughness, respectively. BET analysis was performed to obtain information regarding the surface area and porosity of the mesoporous GO. The highest adsorption capacity for the adsorption of the dye DRMD was found at 917.62 mg/gm. A variety of factors, including the influence of solution pH, adsorbent dosage, adsorption temperature, concentration of dye solution, and contact time, were thoroughly investigated. Adsorption data best fit the Langmuir model and demonstrated pseudo-second-order reaction kinetics. After repeatedly washing used adsorbents with 2% HCl solution, 88.62% of its initial adsorption capacity was retained after the 4th cycle. Hence, the enhanced adsorption capacity and recyclability of Graphene Oxide (GO) render it a promising candidate for the treatment of wastewater polluted with organic dyes.
Tanggung Jawab Notaris Terhadap Akta Yang Cacat Hukum Menurut Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris
Authors: Darmayenti  , Khairani
Published: April 2024

Notaris adalah pejabat umum yang berwenang membuat akta otentik dan kewenangan lainnya, sebagaimana dimaksud Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 Sebagaimana yang diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 tentang Jabatan Notaris. Pasal 1 angka 1 UU aquo menyatakan bahwa Notaris adalah pejabat umum yang berwenang untuk membuat akta autentik dan memiliki kewenangan lainnya sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Undang-Undang ini atau berdasarkan undang-undang lainnya”. Notaris memiliki kewenangan dalam pembuatan akta otentik, ketika terdapat akta yang cacat hukum maka notaris memiliki tanggungjawab hukum terhadap akta yang dibuatnya, namun apabila terdaapat unsur-unsur melawan hukum didalamnya. Maka untuk mengkaji persoalan tersebut, penelitian ini akan membahas masalah berupa, Pertama, Bagaimana tanggung jawab Notaris terhadap Akta Sewa-Menyewa yang cacat hukum?, Kedua, Bagaimana akibat hukum terhadap akta otentik yang cacat hukum?, Ketiga, Bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap para pihak yang dirugikan dari pembuatan akta Sewa-Menyewa yang dianggap cacat hukum?. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini ialah Notaris dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban hukum apabila terdapat unsur melawan hukum dalam akta yang dibuatnya, namun dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Cibinong Nomor 25/Pdt.G/2017/PN.Cbi Notaris yang membuat kesalahan dalam pembuatan akta sewa menyewa tidak dikenakan sanksi, padahal akta yang dibuatnya ialah akta yang terdapat kecacatan didalamnya. Sehingga dapat dinilai bahwa putusan yang dijatuhkan oleh Pengadilan Negeri Cibinong tidak tepat jika merujuk pada bukti-bukti yang diajukan oleh penggugat bahwa benar Notaris telah melanggar pasal 44 Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris.
Care und Diversität in der Gaming Industrie. Wenn Spaß, Leidenschaft und Teamspirit im Spiel sind
Authors: Hossain Nina , Funder Maria
Published: April 2024

Die Gaming Industrie gehört zu den Vorreiterinnen der spätmodernen Arbeitswelt. Sie zeichnet sich nicht nur durch ein Streben nach Einzigartigkeit und Unverwechselbarkeit, sondern auch durch ein hohes Maß an Subjektivierung und Entgrenzung von Arbeit aus. Der Beitrag geht zum einen der Frage nach, ob das Streben nach Einzigartigkeit zur Befürwortung von Diversität beiträgt, sich aber doch nur auf der Vorderbühne abspielt und zu einem Diversitätsmythos beiträgt. Zum anderen stellt sich die Frage, ob die Arbeit in der Gaming Industrie am Ende sogar zu einer Care-Ignoranz führt. Zur Beantwortung der Fragen werden Befunde einer qualitativen Studie herangezogen.
Ein interaktives Tool zur Visualisierung der intersektionellen Diversität von Forschenden
Authors: Delucchi Danhier Renate
Published: April 2024

Mit dem Ziel, Diversität innerhalb einer Gruppe von Wissenschaftler*innen darzustellen, werden biographische Informationen mithilfe eines Algorithmus in innovative Datenporträts verwandelt. Die persönlichen Informationen, die über eine Online-Umfrage gesammelt wurden, werden bewusst intransparent visuell kodiert, um die Privatsphäre der Befragten zu schützen. Die Informationen umfassen u.a. Geschlecht, Sprachkenntnisse, Publikationsanzahl und akademische Stelle. Die personalisierten Datenporträts ermöglichen eine intersektionale Betrachtung mehrerer Merkmale gleichzeitig, um eine Reduktion von Personen auf ein einzelnes Merkmal zu verhindern. Zudem können Personen mit ähnlichem Profil schnell erkannt werden. Die Diversitätsporträts können für die Reflektion des eigenen akademischen Profils, zum Networking auf Konferenzen, als aktivierende Methode für Workshops sowie zur Identitätsstiftung und auf Forschungsgruppenwebseiten Anwendung finden.
pygarg: A Python engine for argumentation
Authors: Mailly Jean-Guy
Published: April 2024

Recent advancements in algorithms for abstract argumentation make it possible now to solve reasoning problems even with argumentation frameworks of large size, as demonstrated by the results of the various editions of the International Competition on Computational Models of Argumentation (ICCMA). However, the solvers participating to the competition may be hard to use for non-expert programmers, especially if they need to incorporate these algorithms in their own code instead of simply using the command-line interface. Moreover, some ICCMA solvers focus on the ICCMA tracks, and do not implement algorithms for other problems. In this paper we describe pygarg, a Python implementation of the SAT-based approach used in the argumentation solver CoQuiAAS. Contrary to CoQuiAAS and most of the participants to the various editions of ICCMA, pygarg incorporates all problems that have been considered in the main track of any edition of ICCMA. We show how to easily use pygarg via a command-line interface inspired by ICCMA competitions, and then how it can be used in other Python scripts as a third-party library.
Open-world object detection: A solution based on reselection mechanism and feature disentanglement
Authors: Lin Tian , Hua Li , Linxuan Li , Chuanao Bai
Published: April 2024

Traditional object detection algorithms operate within a closed set, where the training data may not cover all real-world objects. Therefore, the issue of open-world object detection has attracted significant attention. Open-world object detection faces two major challenges: “neglecting unknown objects” and “misclassifying unknown objects as known ones.” In our study, we address these challenges by utilizing the Region Proposal Network (RPN) outputs to identify potential unknown objects with high object scores that do not overlap with ground truth annotations. We introduce the reselection mechanism, which separates unknown objects from the background. Subsequently, we employ the simulated annealing algorithm to disentangle features of unknown and known classes, guiding the detector’s learning process. Our method has improved on multiple evaluation metrics such as U-mAP, U-recall, and UDP, greatly alleviating the challenges faced by open world object detection.
Testing the shock protection performance of Type I construction helmets using impactors of different masses
Authors: Wu John Z. , Pan Christopher S. , Ronaghi Mahmood , Wimer Bryan M.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Wearing protective helmets is an important prevention strategy to reduce work-related traumatic brain injuries. The existing standardized testing systems are used for quality control and do not provide a quantitative measure of the helmet performance. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the failure characterizations of Type I industrial helmets and develop a generalized approach to quantify the shock absorption performance of Type I industrial helmets based on the existing standardized setups. METHODS: A representative basic Type I construction helmet model was selected for the study. Top impact tests were performed on the helmets at different drop heights using two different impactor masses (3.6 and 5.0 kg). RESULTS: When the helmets were impacted with potential impact energies smaller than the critical potential impact energy values, there was a consistent relationship between the peak impact force and the potential impact energy. When the helmets were impacted under potential impact energies greater than the critical potential impact energy values, the peak impact forces increased steeply with increasing potential impact energy. CONCLUSION: A concept of safety margin for construction helmets based on potential impact energy was introduced to quantify the helmets’ shock absorption performance. The proposed method will help helmet manufacturers improve their product quality.
Influence of external fixation on the isomeric strength of the shoulder flexors in individuals with scapular elevation
Authors: Hwang Byeong-Hun , Jeon In-Cheol
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Sufficient shoulder flexor strength is necessary for accurate movement of the shoulder joint because several factors can cause compensatory movements of the scapula. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the influence of external fixation on the isometric shoulder flexors strength (ISFS) in individuals with and without scapular elevation (SE) during shoulder flexion. METHODS: The healthy and SE groups included 29 individuals. The ISFS was measured using a tensiometer (kg) under conditions of with and without external fixation, in a random order. The change in the ISFS (the strength difference with and without external fixation) was compared between the healthy and SE groups using an independent t-test. RESULTS: The change in the ISFS differed significantly between the healthy and SE groups (3.5% and 32.3%, respectively; p= 0.001). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that external fixation should be considered during shoulder flexion to determine the ISFS accurately in individuals with compensated SE.
Reifying dynamical algebra: Maximal ideals in countable rings, constructively
Authors: Blechschmidt Ingo , Schuster Peter
Published: April 2024

The existence of a maximal ideal in a general nontrivial commutative ring is tied together with the axiom of choice. Following Berardi, Valentini and thus Krivine but using the relative interpretation of negation (that is, as “implies  0 = 1”) we show, in constructive set theory with minimal logic, how for countable rings one can do without any kind of choice and without the usual decidability assumption that the ring is strongly discrete (membership in finitely generated ideals is decidable). By a functional recursive definition we obtain a maximal ideal in the sense that the quotient ring is a residue field (every noninvertible element is zero), and with strong discreteness even a geometric field (every element is either invertible or else zero). Krull’s lemma for the related notion of prime ideal follows by passing to rings of fractions. By employing a construction variant of set-theoretic forcing due to Joyal and Tierney, we expand our treatment to arbitrary rings and establish a connection with dynamical algebra: We recover the dynamical approach to maximal ideals as a parametrized version of the celebrated double negation translation. This connection allows us to give formal a priori criteria elucidating the scope of the dynamical method. Along the way we do a case study for proofs in algebra with minimal logic, and generalize the construction to arbitrary inconsistency predicates. A partial Agda formalization is available at an accompanying repository.11 See https://github.com/iblech/constructive-maximal-ideals/. This text is a revised and extended version of the conference paper (In Revolutions and Revelations in Computability. 18th Conference on Computability in Europe (2022) Springer). The conference paper only briefly sketched the connection with dynamical algebra; did not compare this connection with other flavors of set-theoretic forcing; and sticked to the case of commutative algebra only, passing on the generalization to inconsistency predicates and well-orders.
LaplaceConfidence: A graph-based approach for learning with noisy labels
Authors: Chen Mingcai , Du Yuntao , Tang Wei , Zhang Baoming , Wang Chongjun
Published: April 2024

Real-world machine learning applications seldom provide perfect labeled data, posing a challenge in developing models robust to noisy labels. Recent methods prioritize noise filtering based on the discrepancies between model predictions and the provided noisy labels, assuming samples with minimal classification losses to be clean. In this work, we capitalize on the consistency between the learned model and the complete noisy dataset, employing the data’s rich representational and topological information. We introduce LaplaceConfidence, a method that to obtain label confidence (i.e., clean probabilities) utilizing the Laplacian energy. Specifically, it first constructs graphs based on the feature representations of all noisy samples and minimizes the Laplacian energy to produce a low-energy graph. Clean labels should fit well into the low-energy graph while noisy ones should not, allowing our method to determine data’s clean probabilities. Furthermore, LaplaceConfidence is embedded into a holistic method for robust training, where co-training technique generates unbiased label confidence and label refurbishment technique better utilizes it. We also explore the dimensionality reduction technique to accommodate our method on large-scale noisy datasets. Our experiments demonstrate that LaplaceConfidence outperforms state-of-the-art methods on benchmark datasets under both synthetic and real-world noise. Code available at https://github.com/chenmc1996/LaplaceConfidence.
Diagnoses and Treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia Among Racially and Ethnically Diverse Persons Living with Dementia
Authors: Thunell Johanna A. , Joyce Geoffrey F. , Ferido Patricia M. , Chen Yi , Guadamuz Jenny S. , Qato Dima M. , Zissimopoulos Julie M.
Published: April 2024

Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and prescribed central nervous system (CNS) active drugs to treat them are prevalent among persons living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (PLWD) and lead to negative outcomes for PLWD and their caregivers. Yet, little is known about racial/ethnic disparities in diagnosis and use of drugs to treat BPSD. Objective: Quantify racial/ethnic disparities in BPSD diagnoses and CNS-active drug use among community-dwelling PLWD. Methods: We used a retrospective cohort of community-dwelling Medicare Fee-for-Service beneficiaries with dementia, continuously enrolled in Parts A, B and D, 2017–2019. Multivariate logistic models estimated rates of BPSD diagnosis and, conditional on diagnosis, CNS-active drug use. Results: Among PLWD, 67.1% had diagnoses of an affective, psychosis or hyperactivity symptom. White (68.3%) and Hispanic (63.9%) PLWD were most likely, Blacks (56.6%) and Asians (52.7%) least likely, to have diagnoses. Among PLWD with BPSD diagnoses, 78.6% took a CNS-active drug. Use was highest among whites (79.3%) and Hispanics (76.2%) and lowest among Blacks (70.8%) and Asians (69.3%). Racial/ethnic differences in affective disorders were pronounced, 56.8% of white PLWD diagnosed; Asians had the lowest rates (37.8%). Similar differences were found in use of antidepressants. Conclusions: BPSD diagnoses and CNS-active drug use were common in our study. Lower rates of BPSD diagnoses in non-white compared to white populations may indicate underdiagnosis in clinical settings of treatable conditions. Clinicians’ review of prescriptions in this population to reduce poor outcomes is important as is informing care partners on the risks/benefits of using CNS-active drugs.
Superoxide Dismutase Modified the Association of Serum Malondialdehyde Levels with Cognitive Decline Among Older Adults: Findings from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Sun Sirui , Chen Yongjie
Published: April 2024

Background: Numerous studies have investigated the correlation between malondialdehyde (MDA) and cognitive decline. However, limited research has explored the interplay between superoxide dismutase (SOD), C-reactive protein (CRP), and MDA. Objective: This study aims to scrutinize the association between MDA and cognitive function in older adults, while also elucidating the roles of SOD and CRP within this relationship. Methods: Utilizing data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) spanning 2008–2009, 2011–2012, and 2014, this study included 2,696 eligible subjects. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Linear mixed-effects models were employed to examine the links between MDA, SOD, CRP, and their interactions with cognitive function. Results: Elevated serum levels of MDA and CRP, as well as decreased serum SOD levels, were related to decreased cognitive function (β= –0.220 and –0.346, 95% CI: –0.399, –0.041 and –0.526, –0.167 for MDA and CRP; β= 0.384, 95% CI: 0.204, 0.564 for SOD). Notably, a significant interaction between MDA and SOD was detected (p = 0.001). An increase per standard deviation in serum MDA levels was significantly associated with a 0.347-point lower MMSE score only in participants with normal cognitive function and high SOD levels (β= –0.347, 95% CI: –0.497, –0.197; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Elevated serum MDA levels in the normal population with high SOD levels suggested diminished cognitive performance. Combining MDA with SOD could be pivotal in identifying older adults at risk of cognitive decline in clinical settings.
Psychosis in Neurodegenerative Dementias: A Systematic Comparative Review
Authors: Cressot Coralie , Vrillon Agathe , Lilamand Matthieu , Francisque Hélène , Méauzoone Aurélie , Hourregue Claire , Dumurgier Julien , Marlinge Emeline , Paquet Claire , Cognat Emmanuel
Published: April 2024

Background: Psychosis, characterized by delusions and/or hallucinations, is frequently observed during the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative dementias (ND) (i.e., dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD)) and cause diagnostic and management difficulties. Objective: This review aims at presenting a concise and up-to-date overview of psychotic symptoms that occur in patients with ND with a comparative approach. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. 98 original studies investigating psychosis phenotypes in neurodegenerative dementias were identified (40 cohort studies, 57 case reports). Results: Psychosis is a frequently observed phenomenon during the course of ND, with reported prevalence ranging from 22.5% to 54.1% in AD, 55.9% to 73.9% in DLB, and 18% to 42% in FTD. Throughout all stages of these diseases, noticeable patterns emerge depending on their underlying causes. Misidentification delusions (16.6–78.3%) and visual hallucinations (50–69.6%) are frequently observed in DLB, while paranoid ideas and somatic preoccupations seem to be particularly common in AD and FTD, (respectively 9.1–60.3% and 3.10–41.5%). Limited data were found regarding psychosis in the early stages of these disorders. Conclusions: Literature data suggest that different ND are associated with noticeable variations in psychotic phenotypes, reflecting disease-specific tendencies. Further studies focusing on the early stages of these disorders are necessary to enhance our understanding of early psychotic manifestations associated with ND and help in differential diagnosis issues.
Meta-Analysis in Transgenic Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Models Reveals Opposite Brain Network Effects of Amyloid-β and Phosphorylated Tau Proteins
Authors: García-Carlos Carlos Antonio , Basurto-Islas Gustavo , Perry George , Mondragón-Rodríguez Siddhartha
Published: April 2024

Background: Cognitive deficits observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients have been correlated with altered hippocampal activity. Although the mechanism remains under extensive study, neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques have been proposed as responsible for brain activity alterations. Aiming to unveil the mechanism, researchers have developed several transgenic models of AD. Nevertheless, the variability in hippocampal oscillatory alterations found in different genetic backgrounds and ages remains unclear. Objective: To assess the oscillatory alterations in relation to animal developmental age and protein inclusion, amyloid-β (Aβ) load, and abnormally phosphorylated tau (pTau), we reviewed and analyzed the published data on peak power, frequency, and quantification of theta-gamma cross-frequency coupling (modulation index values). Methods: To ensure that the search was as current as possible, a systematic review was conducted to locate and abstract all studies published from January 2000 to February 2023 that involved in vivo hippocampal local field potential recording in transgenic mouse models of AD. Results: The presence of Aβ was associated with electrophysiological alterations that are mainly reflected in power increases, frequency decreases, and lower modulation index values. Concomitantly, pTau accumulation was associated with electrophysiological alterations that are mainly reflected in power decreases, frequency decreases, and no significant alterations in modulation index values. Conclusions: In this study, we showed that electrophysiological parameters are altered from prodromal stages to the late stages of pathology. Thus, we found that Aβ deposition is associated with brain network hyperexcitability, whereas pTau deposition mainly leads to brain network hypoexcitability in transgenic models
The Compartmentalization of Amyloid-β in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Brain Biopsies
Authors: Libard Sylwia , Hodik Monika , Cesarini Kristina Giuliana , Dragomir Anca , Alafuzoff Irina
Published: April 2024

Background: Amyloid-β (Aβ) is one of the hallmark lesions of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). During the disease process, Aβ undergoes biochemical changes, producing toxic Aβ variants, proposed to be detected within the neurons. Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) causes cognitive impairment, gait, and urinary symptoms in elderly, that can be reversed by a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. Majority of iNPH subjects display different Aβ variants in their brain biopsies, obtained during shunting. Objective: To study the cellular compartmentalization of different Aβ variants in brain biopsies from iNPH subjects. Methods: We studied the cellular localization of different proteoforms of Aβ using antibodies towards different amino acid sequences or post-translational modifications of Aβ, including clones 4G8, 6F/3D, unmodified- (7H3D6), pyroglutamylated- (N3pE), phosphorylated-(1E4E11) Aβ and Aβ protein precursor (AβPP), in brain biopsies from 3 iNPH subjects, using immunohistochemistry and light microscopy (LM), light microscopy on semi-thin sections (LMst), and electron microscopy (EM). Results: In LM all Aβ variants were detected. In LMst and EM, the Aβ 4G8, 6F/3D, and the pyroglutamylated Aβ were detected. The AβPP was visualized by all methods. The Aβ labelling was located extracellularly with no specific signal within the intracellular compartment, whereas the AβPP was seen both intra- and extracellularly. Conclusions: The Aβ markers displayed extracellular localization when visualized by three assessment techniques, reflecting the pathological extracellular accumulation of Aβ in the human brain. No intracellular Aβ pathology was seen. AβPP was visualized in intra- and extracellularly, which corresponds to the localization of the protein in the membranes of cells and organelles.
Modeling the depressive mind: An artificial intelligence approach to deciphering Beck’s cognitive triad
Authors: Macias Cesar , Soto Miguel , Cardoso-Moreno Marco A. , Calvo Hiram
Published: April 2024

Mental and cognitive well-being is of paramount significance for human beings. Consequently, the early detection of issues that may culminate in conditions such as depression holds great importance in averting adverse outcomes for individuals. Depression, a prevalent mental health disorder, can severely impact an individual’s quality of life. Timely identification and intervention are critical to prevent its progression. Our research delves into the application of Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques to potentially facilitate the early recognition of depressive tendencies. By leveraging the cognitive triad theory, which encapsulates negative self-perception, a pessimistic outlook on the world, and a bleak vision of the future, we aim to develop predictive models that can assist in identifying individuals at risk. In this regard, we selected The Cognitive Triad Dataset, which takes into account six different categories that encapsulate negative and positive postures about three different contexts: self context, future context and world context. Our proposal achieved great performance, by relying on a strict preprocessing analysis, which led to the models obtaining an accuracy value of 0.97 when classifying aspect contexts; 0.95 when classifying sentiment-aspects; and a value of 0.93 in accuracy was achieved under the aspect-sentiment paradigm. Our models outperformed those reported in the literature.
A novel authentication scheme for long-term evolution mobility management: A security investigation
Authors: Mathi Senthilkumar , Ramalingam Venkadeshan , Sree Keerthi Angara Venkata , Abhirup Kothamasu Ganga , Sreejith K. , Dharuman Lavanya
Published: April 2024

Long-term evolution in wireless broadband communication aims to provide secure communication for users and a high data rate for a fourth-generation network. Even though the fourth-generation network provides security, some loopholes lead to several attacks on the fourth-generation network attacks. The denial-of-service attack occurs when the user communicates with a rogue base station, and the radio base station in fourth-generation long-term evolution networks ensures that the user is attached to the rogue node assigned network. The location leak attack occurs when the packets are sniffed to find any user’s location using its temporary mobile subscriber identity. Prevention of rogue base station and location leak attacks helps the system achieve secure communication between the participating entities. Earlier works in long-term evolution mobility management do not address preventing attacks such as denial-of-service, rogue base stations and location leaks and suffer from computational costs while providing security features. Hence, the present paper addresses the vulnerability of these attacks. It also investigates how these attacks occur and exposes communication in the fourth-generation network. To mitigate these vulnerabilities, the paper proposes a novel authentication scheme. The proposed scheme is simulated using Network Simulator 3, and the security analysis of the proposed scheme is shown using AVISPA –a security tool. Numerical analysis demonstrates that the proposed scheme significantly reduces communication overhead and computational costs associated with the fourth-generation long-term evolution authentication mechanism.
Nature-inspired optimization algorithms based feature selection: Application in credit scoring
Authors: Tripathi Diwakar , Reddy B. Ramachandra , Dwivedi Shubhra , Shukla Alok Kumar , Chandramohan D. , Dewangan Ram Kishan
Published: April 2024

Nature-inspired algorithms as problem-solving methodologies are extremely effective in discovery of optimized solutions in multi-dimensional and multi-modal problems. Because of qualities like “self-optimization”, “flexibility” and etc., nature-inspired algorithms for problem solving are effectively optimal. Feature selection is an approach to find approximate optimal subset of the features which are more relevant towards the particular outcome. In this study, we focused on how feature selection may improve the credit scoring model’s performance for prediction. Nature-inspired algorithms are applied for feature selection to improve the predictive performance of the credit scoring model. Additionally, four benchmark credit scoring datasets collected from the UCI repository are used to test feature selection by several Nature-inspired algorithms aggregated with “Random Forest (RF)”, “Logistic Regression (LR),” and “Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP)” for classification and results are compared in terms of classification accuracy and G-measures.
An intelligent fuzzy enabled parent node selection approach in low power networks
Authors: Vidhya S.S. , Mathi Senthilkumar , Anantha Narayanan V. , Neelakanta Iyer Ganesh
Published: April 2024

The Internet of Things lies in establishing low-power and lossy networks created by interconnecting many wireless devices with limited resources. Fascinatingly, an IPv6 routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks has become a common practice for these applications. Even though this protocol addresses the challenges of low-power networks, many issues concerning the quality of service and energy consumption are open to the research community. The protocol relies on a destination-oriented directed acyclic graph, and the root selection depends on some constraints and metrics associated with an objective function (OF). The conventional OFs select parents based on a single metric, such as the expected transmission count or the number of nodes to travel. The current paper proposes an enhancement to the OF metric, aiming to decrease node energy and enhance the quality of service. This improvement is achieved by the factors, including the received signal strength indicator, node distance, power, link quality indicator, and expected transmission count, to select reliable communication links. The minimum power needed for reliable communication is predicted from the received signal strength indicator, node distance, receiver power, and link quality indicator using a nonlinear support vector machine. The OF value of the candidate node is computed from the power level and expected transmission count combined using the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model. The proposed OF is implemented in the Cooja simulator and compared against minimum rank with hysteresis OF and OF zero. A considerable improvement in the packet delivery ratio and a 37.5% reduction in energy consumption is obtained.