bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photocatalysis-Assisted Process of Reusable PVA/TiO2 Nanofibers
Authors: Kusumaatmaja Ahmad , Nugraheni Ari Dwi , Purnawati Diki , Rohmatillah Ani , Nur Mahardika Dian
Published: June 2024

Photocatalysis-assisted PVA/TiO2 nanofibers has become a prospective technology for water filtration applications. In line with this application, swelling behavior, photocatalytic activity and reusability are crucial considerations. This work presents the evaluation of swelling behavior and photocatalytic activity of PVA/TiO2 nanofibers in harsh pH environment. By varying pH environment at pH = 1 - 12, we have successfully shown that pH = 7 is the best environment for the PVA/TiO2 nanofibers-based water filtration. On this environment, the nanofibers has 92 % degradability and is able to resist Methylene Blue (MB) solution for up to 5 min. Likewise, it shows excellent reusability over 5 cycles usage. Moreover, the nanofibers is prospective for rapid filtration in harsh pH environment. This work is a step forward toward environmental-friendly water filtration in harsh pH environment.
HIGHLIGHTS

Study of photocatalysis-assisted PVA/TiO2 nanofibers for environmental-friendly water filtration.
Discover superb degradability up to 98 % within 5 min application in Methylene Blue solution.
Perform superior reusability up to 5 cycles usage.
Highly prospective for harsh pH environment water filtration.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
A motivação e a Pós-Graduação: um estudo sobre os pós-graduandos em Administração de uma Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Authors: Dias Resende Débora , Almeida de Oliveira Laize , Carvalho Alves Cappelle Mônica
Published: June 2024

O objetivo do artigo consiste em analisar a motivação dos estudantes de pós-graduação em administração de uma universidade federal em Minas Gerais à luz da teoria da autodeterminação. Para embasar a pesquisa, o referencial traz a contextualização da pós-graduação no Brasil e apresenta a motivação à luz da teoria da autodeterminação. Em relação ao método, utilizou-se o estudo qualitativo básico, a coleta de dados ocorreu por entrevistas semiestruturadas e pesquisa documental. Os dados foram tratados por meio da análise de conteúdo. A pesquisa apontou que em relação a pós-graduação, os pós-graduandos estão motivados extrinsecamente, apresentando variedade de grau conforme as situações e atividades. A regulação externa e introjetada são predominantes nas atividades e aulas que não são de interesse dos estudantes, já a regulação por identificação e integrada, é evidenciada nas aulas/atividades de interesse. Portanto, percebe-se que o tipo de motivação é influenciado pelo nível de interesse dos pós-graduandos na atividade desempenhada. Para intensificar o grau de motivação dos pós-graduandos mostrou-se necessário um processo de transformação fundamentado no diálogo, na integração, na participação e na maior autonomia dos estudantes na pós-graduação.
Morphological and morphometric identification of snapper (Family Lutjanidae) that landed in the Pulau Balai Fishing Port, Aceh Singkil
Authors: Erima Derila , Bahri Samsul , Rizal Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Pulak Banyak are one of the areas in Indonesia that have potential fishery resources. Accurate range determination and species identification are essential parts of fisheries resource management and must be done. This study aims to obtain information on the various types of snapper landed through morphological and morphometric approaches. The research was conducted in Fishing Port, Pulau Balai village, Pulau Banyak sub-district from September to October 2023. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis to describe fish morphology and measure several morphometric characteristics of fish. There were 12 characters measured using a ruler. The results of the study found ten species of 2 genera part of the family Lutjanidae with 36 individuals landed at the study site, namely Lutjanus synergies, Pristipomoides typus, Lutjanus vitta, Lutjanus madras, Lutjanus argentimaculatus, Lutjanus decussatus, Lutjanus erythropterus, Lutjanus gibbus, Lutjanus malabaricus, and Lutjanus papuensis. All fish species encountered have different morphological and morphometric characteristics, and the bambangan fish (Lutjanus erythropterus) is the fish with the largest morphometric size in the study site.
Growth and survival performance of bileh fish (Rasbora sp.) added tarum leaf flour (Indigofera zollingeriana)
Authors: Gustria Vera , Saputra Fazril , Ibrahim Yusran , Rahmayanti Fitria , Martisa Irna , Kisma Maulida , Ariansyah Ariansyah
Published: June 2024

The catch of bileh fish (Rasbora sp.) has been caught from nature. Continuous fishing will lead to extinction in its habitat. Efforts made to anticipate this are carried out in the cultivation process. In fish farming, feed has a role as a source of nutrition for the growth process and survival of fish to be cultivated. Feed needs to support growth must have the right or appropriate nutritional content. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of adding tarum leaf meal (Indigofera zollingeriana) added to the feed by looking at the growth rate and survival of bileh fish (Rasbora sp.). This study used a complete randomized design (CRD), which consisted of four treatments then each treatment was repeated three times. The treatment.ie P0: control, P1: 10%, P2: 20%, and P3: 30% additional needle leaf flour. The test parameters observed were weight gain, length gain, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate and survival. The results ANOVA test showed that the feed added with tarum leaf flour had a significant effect (P<0,05) on length increase and specific growth rate, and there was no significant effect (P>0,05) on weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and survival.
Intersecciones entre las estrategias de movilidad e itinerarios de compra: El caso de los hogares de sectores medios en Chile
Authors: Soto Puras Carolina Francisca , Pérez-Roa Lorena
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo explora las intersecciones entre las estrategias de movilidad e itinerarios de compra de hogares de sectores medios chilenos, en respuesta a la incertidumbre económica, exacerbada por la inflación. Este análisis forma parte de los resultados preliminares del proyecto FONDECYT N°1220039 titulada “Navegar en la Incertidumbre: Estrategias Financieras y no Financieras de Hogares Precarizados” que busca hacer un seguimiento etnográfico y longitudinal a 40 hogares de sectores medios en Santiago de Chile. El estudio se justifica desde la urgencia de entender cómo estos hogares, tradicionalmente excluidos de los apoyos gubernamentales, se ajustan a las fluctuaciones inflacionarias que afectan sus rutinas de compra y movilidad. Para este artículo se realizó una selección muestral de 10 hogares, basado en 3 ciclos de entrevistas efectuadas entre 2022 y 2023 estos datos fueron analizados mediante análisis temático. Los resultados dan cuenta de dos grupos de hogares que enfrentan los ajustes en sus itinerarios de compra de manera diferenciada: 1) aquellos hogares que utilizan la movilidad como una herramienta para buscar nuevas formas de abastecimiento y, 2) aquellos hogares que enfrentan desafíos con respecto a la movilidad viendo limitados sus ajustes en sus trayectorias de abastecimiento. Se concluye que los hogares con mayor capacidad para implementar estrategias efectivas y maximizar recursos son generalmente nucleares, compuestos por una pareja casada con hijos, que disfrutan de mayor seguridad económica, destacando una relación significativa de las estructuras sociales y la movilidad.
Junior High School Principal's Strategy in Preparing the Generation to Face the Era of Society 5.0
Authors: Then Yoana Merilla Kurniawan , HS Sufyati , Ramdhani Sendi
Published: June 2024

This research was conducted at Parahyangan Mulia Junior High School. The research subject is the principal of Parahyangan Mulia Junior High School Tasikmalaya because the principal is a leader and policy maker at school and must have a specific strategy regarding every policy he takes to deliver those goals. The goal of this research is to analyze the strategy used by the principal in preparing the generation to enter the era of society 5.0. A qualitative approach was employed in this research, and interviews, observations, and literature reviews were used as data collection techniques. The informants were the principal, head of the school team, teachers, and Parahyangan Mulia Junior High School students. The result of this research is the strategy of the principal in preparing the generation for the era of Society 5.0 is carried out through the development of the school's human resource program (character program, STEAM, and life skills) and cooperation with the stakeholders who have the same goals with the school. By implementing this strategy, the abilities of Parahyangan Mulia Junior High School students have increasingly developed according to the personality expected in the era of society 5.0, namely creative, critical, communicative, and collaborative.
A construção da dúvida sobre a traição de Capitu em Dom Casmurro: Análise Cognitiva
Authors: Dolabela Chagas Pedro Ramos , Mello Batistela Ayla , Hupalo Giulia Bernardi
Published: June 2024

O artigo aplica a narratologia cognitiva de Lisa Zunshine e a semiótica antropológica de Paul Kockelman à análise de procedimentos empregados por Machado de Assis, em Dom Casmurro, para provocar a dúvida sobre a traição de Capitu. Ao buscar teorias da literatura e da linguagem de viés cognitivo, compreendemos a composição textual como instância de ordenação da informação que visa estimular a atividade mental do leitor. Especificamente, 1) usamos o conceito de mind reading para analisar como o texto diminui o acesso aos estados mentais de Capitu, mitigando a renovação do conhecimento da personagem; 2) analisamos semioticamente como a verossimilhança do item 1 pressupõe a indexação do status social de Capitu após o casamento. O objetivo geral é analisar a escrita machadiana, testando o mérito de novas teorias para a análise da narrativa de ficção.
Editorial
Authors: Pinheiro Clemilton Lopes , Dechicha Parahyba Fatiha , Cavendish Sueli
Published: June 2024

Número Atemático
Laboratory tests of lapping paste NAA LM
Authors:   State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals, Novokshonov Artyom , Storozhev Ivan
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the development of the composition of lapping paste. Various compositions of pastes are considered. Laboratory tests of lapping pastes have been carried out. The following criteria were analyzed: the physical properties of the formulations, the quality of lapping, and the time to perform the operation. The best of the developed formulations has been selected. Keywords: ABRASIVE, OPERATION TIME, CYLINDER HEAD, LAPPING QUALITY, LABORATORY TESTS, LAPPING PASTE, VALVE LAPPING, REPAIR, COMPOSITION, COUPLING
The Dividual Interior
Authors: Braatvedt Katherine
Published: June 2024

In his much-discussed short essay, ‘Postscript on the Societies of Control,’ Gilles Deleuze described a fundamental shift in power that occurred in the 20th century. Previously, Michel Foucault had argued that human behaviour was controlled by ‘enclosed systems’ of power: the family, the school, the factory, the barracks, the prison and the hospital. These comprised what Foucault considered a ‘disciplinary society.’ Deleuze argued that Foucault’s ‘enclosures’ are in crisis, and that the current system is instead a control society, effectively governed by a single entity, the corporation. In this society of ‘ultra-rapid forms of free-floating control,’ people are reduced to data points. For Deleuze, individuals are ‘dividuals,’ and masses are data. This visual essay investigates the implications of control society on domestic space, exploring how digital applications and appliances, social media, and surveillance combine to form a dividual interior. Virtual space not only records and stores, but folds back into physical space, as images of domestic life online influence our perception of the built environment. The domestic interior, therefore, translates back and forth between the virtual and the real, each gathering information and informing the other.
Paleotechnology of Telephones and Screens
Authors: Pint Kris
Published: June 2024

This article argues that the essentials of the complex relationship between interiority and exteriority, and the mediating role of teletechnology, are already present in the interiors of Paleolithic caves. As philosopher Maxine Sheets-Johnstone argues in The Roots of Thinking (1990), cave art emerged from the primal fascination with ‘being inside.’ Yet at the same time, these first interiors were most likely created to establish a form of communication with an exterior, the ‘augmented reality’ of the spirit world, made possible through rudimentary technological and biological extensions. It also required a specific use of the spatial qualities of these caves, both sensory and atmospheric. This complex hybrid constellation of interior space, the human body and (psycho)technology created a permeability between different human and non-human actors. According to prehistorian Jean Clottes in Pourquoi l’art préhistorique (2011), the ‘permeability’ between inner and outer worlds is indeed one of the concepts that are crucial to understanding the Paleolithic human outlook on the environment, and is a concept which is still relevant today. 
Ever since these animistic Paleolithic works of art, teletechnology reveals what philosopher and literary theorist Jennifer Gosetti-Ferencei calls, in The Ecstatic Quotidian: Phenomenological Sightings in Modern Art and Literature (2007), the ‘ecstatic’ side of the quotidian. In this article, I follow the traces of this animistic, ecstatic experience in literature, in Walter Benjamin’s Berlin Childhood around 1900 (1932-8) and Marcel Proust’s In Search of Lost Time (1913-1927), and in cinematography, in Maya Deren’s Meshes of the Afternoon (1943) and David Cronenberg’s Videodrome (1983). The imagination of now outdated technologies creates a kind of anachronistic, defamiliarizing perspective that helps to grasp the animistic, mythical dimension of our daily domestic immersion in contemporary teletechnologies (from video chats to ASMR-videos). These anachronistic experiences we find in art allow us to better reflect on the ecstatic role of media-technology in relation to our spatial and psychological interiors, and the (psycho)technological conditions of contemporary dwelling in the interiors of the communication age.
ҐЕНДЕРНА ЗБАЛАНСОВАНІСТЬ В ОРГАНАХ ПУБЛІЧНОЇ ВЛАДИ ТА ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Лазор Оксана Дмитрівна , Лазор Олег Ярославович , Юник Ірина Геннадіївна , Шевчук Ірина Олександрівна
Published: June 2024

У статті досліджуються ґендерні аспекти органів публічної влади та публічного управління України як одні з найважливіших елементів повноцінного їх функціонування та складових державної політики щодо забезпечення рівноправності жінок і чоловіків у сфері публічного управління та адміністрування. За результатами Глобального індексу ґендерного розриву 2023 р. з’ясовано, що позиції України надалі залишаються низькими. Обґрунтовано, що врахування ґендерних аспектів органів публічної влади та публічного управління є важливим чинником, що характеризує Україну як демократичну європейську державу. Виявлено, що окремі органи публічної влади характеризуються різним представництвом жінок, але в одних – спостерігається позитивна динаміка зниження ґендерного розриву, в інших – навпаки. Доведено, що жінки недостатньо представлені на рівні прийняття рішень в органах публічної влади та управління. Незважаючи на те, що 1/5 частини сучасного парламентського корпусу представляють жінки та загалом позитивну динаміку впродовж скликань, показник жіночого представництва у Верховній Раді України є непереконливим Недостатньо представлені жінки і в органах виконавчої влади. Аналіз динаміки складу Кабінету Міністрів України засвідчує нестабільність у досягненні ґендерної рівності. Проаналізовано динаміку індексів ґендерного паритету серед представників судової гілки влади, прокуратури та інших органів державного управління. Відзначено позитивні зміни їх ґендерного складу, вказано тенденції їх прояву. Наголошено на значно нижчих показниках цього індексу серед керівного корпусу цих установ. Подібні проблеми виявлено і в органах місцевого самоврядування як складових публічного управління. Обґрунтовано, що кількість жінок знижується із підвищенням: статусу органів публічної влади, категорії посад державної служби, рівня посад у внутрішній структурі організації. Згідно із The Global Gender Gap Index 2023 Україна втратила порівняно із рейтингом 2020 р. 29 позицій щодо освіти як складової індексу. У зв’язку з цим проаналізовано підготовку здобувачів вищої освіти за галузями знань «Публічне управління та адміністрування» і «Право». Означено особливості застосування виборчих ґендерних квот, запроваджених з метою активізації участі жінок у суспільно-політичному житті держави. Розроблено пропозиції щодо усунення зловживань виборчою ґендерною квотою.
Correlation of Schlumberger Array Geoelectric Log with Borehole Lithologic Log in Ekiti State University Campus, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
Authors: Ojo O. F.  , Ujah S. A.  , Murana K. A.  , Ogunlana F. O.  , Faleye E. T.  , Adeniran, M. A.
Published: June 2024

Correlation of the schlumberger array geoelectric logs interpreted from Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) data acquired in Ekiti State University Campus with borehole litholigic logs from the same area was done with the aim of establishing a mathematical relationship between the two logs. The study area is located within the basement complex of southwestern Nigeria, where occurrence of groundwater is limited to specific localized and enclosed regions within the weathered or fractured zones. Therefore, thorough geophysical surveys before drilling become necessary. The availability of borehole data in this area reduces the risk of data interpretation errors and enables prediction through statistical analysis. The Vertical Electrical Sounding data acquired from five stations within the campus were processed and interpreted using WINRESIST interpretation software. The results from the 2-D interpretation of the VES data were used to prepare five geoelectric sections which were compared with the borehole litholigic logs obtained from the same VES points using regression analysis. Depth to bedrock from Geoelectric log was correlated with the depth to bedrock from Lithologic log. The correlation coefficient gave a positive value of 0.9, which indicated a high degree of correlation between the geoelectric log and the borehole logs. The regression analysis equation obtained was y = 1.14x + 2.48. The equation is useful in converting the geoelectric logs to drilling logs in any location within the study area.
The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Media Operations in Rwanda
Authors: Bimenyimana Robert , Njuguna Joseph , Oloo Daniel
Published: June 2024

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization designated COVID-19 as a worldwide pandemic, the first of its kind since H1N1 influenza was categorized as a pandemic in 2009.The pandemic has caused unprecedented economic challenges globally across various sectors, including the media. Media organizations heavily rely on advertising revenue, which took a hit during the pandemic. Media organizations have had to drastically adjust to new ways of operating to align with the untold consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. To date, there has been a scarcity of scholarly research exploring the effect of the pandemic on how different media houses managed to overcome and adjust to the changing operating environment. To address this research gap, this research project took the case study of Rwanda and explored how the pandemic has affected the different media houses in different aspects of their operations. The study sheds light on how the pandemic has affected Rwandan media operations and how they have responded to the new operating environment. The specific objectives of the study were as follows: to investigate how the COVID-19 pandemic affected media production routines; to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic affected media revenues; to find out how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the welfare of journalists in Rwandan media houses; and to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the way media houses in Rwanda engaged with their audience. To achieve the research goals, the study employed the explanatory sequential research design, which is a mixed research approach that incorporated a survey and interviews. The survey targeted 85 accredited journalists, sampled from a population of 568 journalists. The study focused on media houses operating in the three districts of the City of Kigali: Kicukiro, Gasabo, and Nyarugenge Districts. To select the sample of respondents, a simple random approach was used, considering gender balance. In relation to the study, political economy theory was used to place the research within a broader context by connecting it to existing knowledge. The research revealed that Rwandan journalists encountered difficulties in gathering and producing news, prompting a move towards remote reporting and dependence on citizen journalism. Decreased media revenues, attributed to event cancellations and reduced advertising, resulted in job losses and salary reductions. Journalists also had challenges in obtaining sources and negative consequences for their well-being. Media organizations need to protect journalists, challenge false information, and diversify their funding streams in order to increase their efficiency in times of crisis. While media groups should train journalists to be flexible in every situation and support press freedom, the Rwandan government should facilitate the flow of information and offer financial support to media outlets during times of crisis.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PBL MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA CANVA TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA DAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA SISWA KELAS II SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: FRAMISWARI INTAN NUR , ANWAR KHOIRUL
Published: June 2024

This research aims to investigate the effect of implementing the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model using Canva media on improving speaking skills and learning outcomes in Indonesian language subjects for class II elementary school students. This research uses quantitative methods with an experimental design in the form of a quasi-experimental design. The research sample consisted of two classes, namely class II B as the experimental class which received learning with the PBL model using Canva media, and class II A as the control class which received conventional learning. Data collection was carried out through pretest and posttest as well as observation. The results showed that students in the experimental class experienced significant improvements in speaking ability and learning outcomes compared to students in the control class. The use of the PBL (Problem Based Learning) model with Canva media not only increases students' active participation in the learning process but also creates a more interesting and interactive learning atmosphere.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi pengaruh implementasi model Problem Based Learning (PBL) menggunakan media Canva terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berbicara dan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas II Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain eksperimen berupa quasi-experimental design. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari dua kelas, yaitu kelas II B sebagai kelas eksperimen yang menerima pembelajaran dengan model PBL menggunakan media Canva, dan kelas II A sebagai kelas kontrol yang menerima pembelajaran konvensional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pretest dan posttest serta observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa di kelas eksperimen mengalami peningkatan signifikan dalam kemampuan berbicara dan hasil belajar dibandingkan dengan siswa di kelas kontrol. Penggunaan model PBL (Problem Based Learning) dengan media Canva tidak hanya meningkatkan partisipasi aktif siswa dalam proses pembelajaran tetapi juga menciptakan suasana belajar yang lebih menarik dan interaktif.
IMPACTOS DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 NA SAÚDE MENTAL DAS CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Souza Deise dos Santos Costa , Santos Carlos Oliveira dos
Published: June 2024

O estudo tem como objetivo investigar os impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 na saúde mental das crianças e adolescentes. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura com característica descritiva. Para escolha dos artigos definiram-se como critérios de inclusão artigos originais e disponibilizados na íntegra, publicados nos idiomas português e inglês, publicados nos últimos 4 anos que abordassem a temática proposta. Como critérios de exclusão: artigos duplicados, incompletos, fora do recorte temporal e não estar no idioma português e inglês. O presente estudo aponta A presença de vários fatores de risco, como a intensidade da situação pandêmica, medidas de proteção rigorosas, questões socioeconômicas, psicopatologia parental, ambiente familiar disfuncional, isolamento social e preocupações com a saúde, tem um impacto negativo significativo na saúde mental de crianças e adolescentes. Essa interação complexa pode levar a um aumento de estresse, ansiedade, depressão e outros problemas de saúde mental nessa população vulnerável. Em suma, a saúde mental desses grupos deve ser uma prioridade durante crises como a pandemia da COVID-19, a fim de evitar danos permanentes às futuras gerações.
ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING (ESL): A PERSPECTIVE OF THE COMMON BASE OF THE BRAZILIAN CURRICULUM
Authors: Souza Manuela Xavier Ribeiro de , Coutinho Diógenes José Gusmão
Published: June 2024

This article investigates the alignment of ESL teaching within the scope of the Brazilian Common Curricular Base (BNCC). With English proficiency becoming increasingly vital for academic, professional, and global communication purposes, BNCC emphasizes the importance of English language teaching in Brazil. Through a comprehensive examination of challenges, pedagogical strategies, and implications for policy and practice, this study aims to contribute to the discourse on improving English language teaching in Brazil. Drawing on literature, empirical research, and practical insights, the article provides practical recommendations for optimizing ESL teaching and learning in the Brazilian educational setting. By addressing the multifaceted dimensions of ESL teaching, the study offers guidance to stakeholders invested in improving English language proficiency among Brazilian students.
Détection de changements et analyse des séries temporelles d’images 1
Authors: M. Atto Abdourrahmane , Bovolo Francesca , Bruzzone Lorenzo
Published: June 2024

Cet ouvrage traite des avancées en analyse des séries chronologiques d’images de télédétection par apprentissages statistique, automatique et/ou profond. Il présente un éventail de modèles mathématiques, de méthodes d’extraction d’informations spatio-temporelles et d’applications en observation de la Terre.Détection de changements et analyse des séries temporelles d’images 1 est structuré selon les stratégies d’apprentissage supervisé, semi-supervisé et non supervisé sur les séries temporelles d’images optiques et radar à synthèse d’ouverture. L’ouvrage met en lumières des contributions sur la détection de changements multidates dans des données mono- et multi-modales, sur les classes de transitions et d’entités dynamiques, sur l’analyse des tendances et des fluctuations spatio-temporelles, ou encore sur le suivi et l’analyse prédictive d’évolution.De nombreuses applications illustrent les études sur l’évolution de la surface terrestre (cartographie d’exploitation des terres, analyse de l’état des glaciers, dynamique urbaine, évaluation de la neige, etc.) et sur les risques naturels (évaluation des inondations, activités volcaniques, surveillance des avalanches, etc.). Les orientations futures sont également exposées.
Inversion et assimilation de données de télédétection
Authors: Yan Yajing
Published: June 2024

Les données de télédétection constituent désormais les sources primordiales pour l’observation de la Terre et de l’Univers. Les techniques d’inversion et d’assimilation de données représentent les outils principaux permettant l’estimation et la prédiction des paramètres géophysiques qui caractérisent l’évolution de notre planète et de l’Univers, en exploitant les données de télédétection.Inversion et assimilation de données de télédétection traite des avancées récentes dans l’inversion et l’assimilation de données de télédétection. Il présente les méthodes traditionnelles et les méthodes actuelles de réseaux de neurones, ainsi que de nombreuses thématiques où ces méthodes ont été développées ou adaptées en fonction de la spécificité du domaine. La partie assimilation porte sur les problèmes de prédiction en surveillance de surface continentale, en modélisation des incendies de forêt, en volcanologie et en glaciologie. La partie inversion comprend l’inversion de la biomasse avec des images SAR, l’inversion bio-physio-hydrologique dans les zones côtières avec des images multi et hyperspectrales et l’inversion en astrophysique avec les données issues de télescopes.
Local summer temperature changes over the past 440 ka revealed by the total air content in the Antarctic EPICA Dome C ice core
Authors: Raynaud Dominique , Yin Qiuzhen , Capron Emilie , Wu Zhipeng , Parrenin Frédéric , Berger André , Lipenkov Vladimir
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Seasonal temperature reconstructions from ice cores are missing over glacial–interglacial timescales, preventing a good understanding of the driving factors of Antarctic past climate changes. Here the total air content (TAC) record from the Antarctic EPICA Dome C (EDC) ice core is analyzed over the last 440 ka (thousand years). While the water isotopic record, a tracer for annual mean surface temperature, exhibits a dominant ∼100 kyr cyclicity, the TAC record is associated with a dominant ∼40 kyr cyclicity. Our results show that the TAC record is anti-correlated with the mean insolation over the local astronomical summer half-year. They also show for the first time that it is highly anti-correlated with local summer temperature simulated with an Earth system model of intermediate complexity. We propose that (1) the local summer insolation controls the local summer temperature; (2) the latter, through the development of temperature gradients at the near-surface of the ice sheet (<2 m), is affecting the surface snow structure; and (3) those snow structure changes propagating down to the bottom of the firn through densification are eventually controlling the pore volume at the bubble close-off and consequently the TAC. Hence, our results suggest that the EDC TAC record could be used as a proxy for local summer temperature changes. Also, our new simulations show that the mean insolation over the local astronomical summer half-year is the primary driver of Antarctic summer surface temperature variations, while changes in atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations and Northern Hemisphere (NH) ice sheet configurations play a more important role in Antarctic annual surface temperature changes.
Inferring the seasonality of sea ice floes in the Weddell Sea using ICESat-2
Authors: Gupta Mukund , Regan Heather , Koo Young Hyun , Chua Sean Minhui Tashi , Li Xueke , Heil Petra
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Over the last decade, the Southern Ocean has experienced episodes of severe sea ice area decline. Abrupt events of sea ice loss are challenging to predict, in part due to incomplete understanding of processes occurring at the scale of individual ice floes. Here, we use high-resolution altimetry (ICESat-2) to quantify the seasonal life cycle of floes in the perennial sea ice pack of the Weddell Sea. The evolution of the floe chord distribution (FCD) shows an increase in the proportion of smaller floes between November and February, which coincides with the asymmetric melt/freeze cycle of the pack. The freeboard ice thickness distribution (fITD) suggests mirrored seasonality between the western and southern sections of the Weddell Sea ice cover, with an increasing proportion of thicker floes between October and March in the south and the opposite in the west. There is a positive correlation between the mean chord length of floes and their average thickness, which persists throughout the year. Composited floe profiles reveal that smaller floes are more vertically round than larger floes, and that the mean roundness of floes increases during the melt season. These results show that regional differences in ice concentration and type at larger scales occur in conjunction with different behaviors at the small scale. We therefore suggest that a comparison of floe-derived metrics obtained from altimetry could provide useful diagnostics for floe-resolving models and improve our understanding of sea ice processes across scales.
The influence of human activities on streamflow reductions during the megadrought in central Chile
Authors: Álamos Nicolás , Alvarez-Garreton Camila , Muñoz Ariel , González-Reyes Álvaro
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Since 2010, central Chile has experienced a protracted megadrought with annual precipitation deficits ranging from 25 % to 70 %. An intensification of drought propagation has been attributed to the effect of cumulative precipitation deficits linked to catchment memory. Yet, the influence of water extractions on drought intensification is still unclear. Our study assesses climate and water use effects on streamflow reductions during a high-human-influence period (1988–2020) in four major agricultural basins. We performed this attribution by contrasting observed streamflow (driven by climate and water use) with near-natural streamflow simulations (driven mainly by climate) representing what would have occurred without water extractions. Near-natural streamflow estimations were obtained from rainfall–runoff models trained over a reference period with low human intervention (1960–1988). Annual and seasonal streamflow reductions were examined before and after the megadrought onset, and hydrological drought events were characterized for the complete evaluation period in terms of their frequency, duration, and intensity. Our results show that before the megadrought onset (1988–2009) the mean annual deficits in observed streamflow ranged between 2 % and 20 % across the study basins and that 81 % to 100 % of those deficits were explained by water extractions. During the megadrought (2010–2020), the mean annual deficits in observed streamflow were 47 % to 76 % among the basins. During this time, the relative contribution of precipitation deficits on streamflow reduction increased while the contribution of water extractions decreased, accounting for 27 % to 51 % of the streamflow reduction. Regarding drought events during the complete evaluation period, we show that human activities have amplified drought propagation, with almost double the intensity of hydrological droughts in some basins compared to those expected by precipitation deficits only. We conclude that while the primary cause of streamflow reductions during the megadrought has been the lack of precipitation, water uses have not diminished during this time, causing an exacerbation of the hydrological drought conditions and aggravating their impacts on water accessibility in rural communities and natural ecosystems.
Key-Region-Based UAV Visual Navigation
Authors: Karnes Michael , Riffel Jacob , Yilmaz Alper
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Visual navigation has recently seen significant developments with the rise in autonomous navigation. Keypoint-based mapping and localization has served as a reliable localization method for many applications, but the push to run more applications on less expensive hardware becomes extremely limiting. In this paper, we present a novel approach for visual geolocalization and navigation that improves landmark detection reliability while reducing reference map complexity. Similar to prior techniques, we use the process of point based matching schemes to solve for the image-to-map transform. The critical difference is that we use object detection to identify key-regions instead of keypoints. During an initial flight key-regions are mapped into an identity dictionary with their geolocations and few-shot learning encoded descriptors. Then on subsequent flights, key-regions are detected and matched using the identity dictionary for re-identification. Using the identified vehicles as key-regions, the results show that the proposed key-region based localization produces GPS like localization while maintaining a higher resilience to image noise compared to keypoint-based techniques.
Integrating Crowd-sourced Annotations of Tree Crowns using Markov Random Field and Multispectral Information
Authors: Mei Qipeng , Steier Janik , Iwaszczuk Dorota
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Benefiting from advancements in algorithms and computing capabilities, supervised deep learning models offer significant advantages in accurately mapping individual tree canopy cover, which is a fundamental component of forestry management. In contrast to traditional field measurement methods, deep learning models leveraging remote sensing data circumvent access limitations and are more cost-effective. However, the efficiency of models depends on the accuracy of the tree crown annotations, which are often obtained through manual labeling. The intricate features of the tree crown, characterized by irregular contours, overlapping foliage, and frequent shadowing, pose a challenge for annotators. Therefore, this study explores a novel approach that integrates the annotations of multiple annotators for the same region of interest. It further refines the labels by leveraging information extracted from multi-spectral aerial images. This approach aims to reduce annotation inaccuracies caused by personal preference and bias and obtain a more balanced integrated annotation.
High-accuracy height differences using a pressure sensor for ground control points measurement in underwater photogrammetry
Authors: Menna Fabio , Nocerino Erica , Calantropio Alessio
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Three-dimensional reference points (RPs) are fundamental for datum definition and metric validation in many photogrammetric applications, often used as ground control points (GCPs) to constrain the bundle adjustment solution. Nevertheless, survey operations underwater present challenges due to the physical characteristics of the water itself and the technological limitations of available instruments. Traditional methods to collect RPs underwater rely on direct geodetic measurements like slope distances, height differences, and depths from a dive computer. These methods can be time-consuming and impractical to scale up to large areas, particularly in deeper waters. This paper reports on the use of a custom-developed low-cost pressure sensor to measure depths and height differences of underwater RPs with survey-grade accuracy. Laboratory and open water tests demonstrated the method's potential, achieving an RMSEZ of less than 1 mm over a 1.5 m height range in the laboratory in static water and a sub-centimetre RMSE of relative depth differences in shallow water tests carried out in two different locations at sea with maximum significant wave height of 9 cm. The sensor proved its effectiveness also for constraining a corridor-like underwater photogrammetric survey reducing the bending of the 3D model with respect to the free network solution (RMSEZ lowered from 10 cm to less than 1 cm). The preliminary tests with the presented approach proved several advantages against other consolidated methods, including cost reduction (compared to commercial survey instruments), rapidity, safety, and accuracy, especially at depths greater than 3–5 m where other approaches (e.g., GNSS or topographic measures) cannot be applied.
Development of a Precise Tree Structure from LiDAR Point Clouds
Authors: Nurunnabi Abdul , Teferle Felicia , Laefer Debra F. , Chen Meida , Ali Mir Masoom
Published: June 2024

Abstract. A precise tree structure that represents the distribution of tree stem, branches, and leaves is crucial for accurately capturing the full representation of a tree. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)-based three-dimensional (3D) point clouds (PCs) capture the geometry of scanned objects including forests stands and individual trees. PCs are irregular, unstructured, often noisy, and contaminated by outliers. Researchers have struggled to develop methods to separate leaves and wood without losing the tree geometry. This paper proposes a solution that employs only the spatial coordinates (x, y, z) of the PC. The new algorithm works as a filtering approach, utilizing multi-scale neighborhood-based geometric features (GFs) e.g., linearity, planarity, and verticality to classify linear (wood) and non-linear (leaf) points. This involves finding potential wood points and coupling them with an octree-based segmentation to develop a tree architecture. The main contributions of this paper are (i) investigating the potential of different GFs to split linear and non-linear points, (ii) introducing a novel method that pointwise classifies leaf and wood points, and (iii) developing a precise 3D tree structure. The performance of the new algorithm has been demonstrated through terrestrial laser scanning PCs. For a Scots pine tree, the new method classifies leaf and wood points with an overall accuracy of 97.9%.
Land Movement Detection from UAV Images for a Sustainable World
Authors: Pesántez-Cabrera Pamela C.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. In Reina del Cisne (Cuenca-Ecuador), a dynamic sliding process occurred due to a cut made at the beginning of 2018 on the hillside without technical considerations for the construction of an access road to a house in the sector. From January 2019 to June 2019, the period analyzed in this work, the landslide caused complete structural damage to dwellings near the hillside and partial damage to houses farther away. It also led to the total collapse of the path that initiated the landslide. Field visits and comparisons using CloudCompare of point clouds obtained from UAV flights between January 2019 and June 2019 highlighted the high activity of this landslide. The analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of this technique for early detection of landslides, enabling timely warnings for inhabitants to take immediate measures to avoid disasters.
Multimedia Photogrammetry with non-planar Water Surfaces – Accuracy Analysis on Simulation Basis
Authors: Sardemann Hannes , Mulsow Christian , Gueguen Laure-Anne , Mandlburger Gottfried , Maas Hans-Gerd
Published: June 2024

Abstract. If multimedia-photogrammetry is used for the generation of point clouds of submerged objects or of the water bottom, Snell’s law has to be considered. When the images are taken from air, image rays are refracted at the air-water interface. This results in the collinearity equations being no longer valid. Bundle block adjustment can still be solved by adding additional terms considering Snell’s law. Existing approaches usually assume that the water surface is flat. Refractive indices and water height can either be measured separately or included as unknowns in the adjustment. However, when the water surface is not flat due to the presence of waves, assuming a planar water surface leads to large geometric errors. This work will analyze the significance of those errors and propose a way of including water surface parameters as unknowns into the bundle block adjustment, both based on simulated data. The simulation reproduces multiple images taken simultaneously, e.g. from synchronized UAV cameras or from cameras on tripods.
Evaluating Learning-based Tie Point Matching for Geometric Processing of Off-Track Satellite Stereo
Authors: Song Shuang , Morelli Luca , Wu Xinyi , Qin Rongjun , Albanwan Hessah , Remondino Fabio
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Tie-point matching of off-track stereo images is a very challenging task, which can impact bias compensation and digital surface model (DSM) generation. Compared to in-track stereo images, off-track stereo images are more complex primarily due to the radiometric differences caused by sun illumination, sensor responses, atmospheric conditions, and seasonal land cover variations, and secondly due to the longer baseline and larger intersection angle. These challenges significantly limit the use of the vast number of images in satellite archives for automated geometric processing and mapping. Recent advances in deep learning (DL) based matching show promising results against images with diverse illuminations, viewing angles and scales through learning examples. This paper evaluates the potentials of addressing the tie point matching problems in off-track satellite stereo images. Specifically, we focus on stereo pairs that failed or underperformed in classic matching algorithms (i.e., SIFT (scale invariant feature transform)), and evaluate the DL-based tie points matchers by its resulting geometric accuracy in relative orientation, and the generated DSM. The experiments are carried out using 40 off-track satellite stereo pairs from four different regions around the world. We conclude that DL-based methods provide a significant higher success rate in matching challenging multi-temporal stereo pairs, even if their matching accuracy is slightly lower than classic algorithms.
Validation of Camera Networks Used for the Assessment of Speech Movements
Authors: Boyle Liam , Helmholz Petra , Lichti Derek D. , Ward Roslyn
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The term speech sound disorder describes a range of speech difficulties in children that affect speech intelligibility. Differential diagnosis is difficult and reliant on access to validated and reliable measures. Technological advances aim to provide clinical access to measurements that have been identified as beneficial in diagnosing speech disorders. To generate objective measurements and, consequently, automatic scores, the output from multi-camera networks is required to produce quality results. The quality of photogrammetric results is usually expressed in terms of the precision and reliability of the network. Precision is determined at the design stage as a function of the geometry of the network. In this manuscript, we focus on the design of a photogrammetric camera network using three cameras. We adopted a similar workflow as Alsadika et al. (2012) and tested serval network configurations. As the distances from the camera stations to object points were fixed to 3500mm, only the horizontal and vertical placements of the cameras were varied. Horizontal angles were changed within an increment of 10º, and vertical angles were changed within an increment of 5º. The object space coordinates of GCPs for each camera configuration were assessed in terms of horizontal error ellipses and vertical precision. The best design was the maximum horizontal and vertical convergence angles of 90° and 30°. The existing camera network used to capture videos for speech assessment was approximately as good as the top third of tested designs. However, from a validation perspective, it can be concluded that the design is viable for continued use.