bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Re-assessment of excavated site, Rakhigari in Haryana
Authors: Khanday Dr. Muzaffer Ahmad , Kumar Sudhir , Jan Mubina
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Haryana is also one of the wealthier states of India and had been second highest per capital in come in the country at 138,859 in the year 2011-2012 and in the year 2012-2013 including the largest number of rural crorepatis mainly Ahirs and jats in India. Haryana is one of the most economically developed regions in the south Asia and its agriculture and manufacturing industry had experienced sustained growth since in 1970. Haryana is India’s largest manufacturer of passenger cars, twowheelers and tractors. Since 2000 the state has emerged as the largest recipient of investment per capita in India. The city of Gurgaon has rapidly emerged as a major hub for information technology and auto-mobile manufacture of two wheelers Faridabad, Panchkula, Dharuhara, Bawal, Sonipat, Panipat, Yamuna, Nagar and Rewari are also industrial hubs. With the Panipat refinery being the second largest refinery in south Asia, there are also long established steel, plywood, paper and textile industries in the state. Haryana was the outermost location of the ancient Indus valley civilization with the centers such as Banawali and Rakhigari, is now a village of Hisar district. The site is dated to be over 5000 years old. Evidence pried roads drainage system, large rain water collection storage system, terracotta brick. Statue production and skilled metal work (in both precious metals) has been covered. Excavation conduct of Rakhigari includes that the settlement witnessed all the phases of Harapan (3200-2700 BC) as well as mature Harappan (2700-1800 BC). The position of Rakhigari is a unique Harappan site which promises to reveal new civilizations by a thousand years or more said a latest publication of department of Archaeology and museums, authored by vardan. Keywords: Banawali Rakhigari Evidence Settlement Harppan Archaeology museuns
Waste Spillover Monitoring System using Arduino
Authors: Ashray Korukanti , Poornoday Kavali , Manideep Yeravelli , Rao T. Venkat
Published: March 2022

Abstract: In recent years, urban development plans and the notion of smart cities have grown significantly. While the idea of smart cities is being addressed, there is a need for smart waste management. The waste spillover monitoring system is designed for smart buildings. Colleges, hospitals, and bus stops are just a few examples. The waste spillover monitoring system is developed to prevent waste mismanagement and promote community cleanliness. A waste spillover monitoring system is a novel concept in which an ordinary dustbin is made smart by employing ultrasonic sensors to detect garbage levels, display the information on an LCD, and send a message to the responsible department through a GSM modem, updating the state of the bin. When individuals bring trash to the waste bin while it is full, it prevents them from adding any more garbage to the bin by notifying them with a buzzer alert. The GSM and the peripheral sensors used are interfaced through the Arduino microcontroller. A graphical user interface (GUI) is also being created to track the needed garbage bin information for various locations. At the control room, messages received via GSM are shown on an LCD, and the authorized person informs the drivers to collect the waste on time. This will significantly aid in the monitoring of waste collection in order to maintain a smart, clean, and safe environment. Keywords: HC-SR04; Arduino Board; Graphical User Interface(GUI); Liquid Crystal Display(LCD); Global System for Mobile communication (GSM).
Pemaknaan Kata Tasbih pada Awal Surat Al-Qur’an
Authors: Fadhli Muhajirul , Salsabila Syarifah
Published: March 2022

In the al-Qur’an, there are seven surahs that start with the root word of sabbaha in various forms. The word tasbih is a maṣdar of the word sabbaha which means to keep God away from bad qualities. This study aims to seek clarification of the expression of tasbih and seek the opinion of mufasir on the differences in the expression of tasbih at the beginning of the surahs of the al-Qur’an. The research method used in this study is the mauḍū'i method. This type of research is library research. Primary data sources come from Tafsr mafātih al-Ghayb, Tafsr al-Misbah, Tafsr Sayyid Quṭb, Tafsr Wahbah al-Zuhayli, and Tafsr al-Qurṭubi. The results showed that the word tasbih using maṣdar (Subhāna) states as an affirmation. The word tasbih using fi'l māḍi (Sabbaha) means that from the past until now all creatures on the earth and sky are glorifying. The word tasbih using fi'l muḍāri' (Yusabbihu) does not only states in the present and the future but also states as a past and the act of glorifying is done repeatedly. The word tasbih uses fi'l al-amr (Sabbih) works as a reminder to always glorify during prayer times and off prayer times.  Di dalam al-Quran, ada tujuh surah yang dimulai dari akar kata sabbaha dan dalam berbagai bentuk. Kata Tasbih merupakan maṣdar dari kata sabbaha yang bermakna menjauhkan Allah dari sifat-sifat buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari klarifikasi ungkapan tasbih dan mencari pendapat mufassir terhadap perbedaan ungkapan tasbih di awal surah-surah al-Quran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode mauḍū‘i. Jenis penelitian bersifat studi kepustakaan (library research). Sumber data primer berasal dari Tafsīr mafātih al-Ghayb, Tafsīr al-Misbah, Tafsīr Sayyid Quṭb, Tafsīr Wahbah al-Zuhayli, dan Tafsīr al-Qurṭubi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kata tasbih dengan menggunakan maṣdar (Subhāna) berfungsi sebagai penegasan. Kata tasbih dengan menggunakan fi‘l māḍi (Sabbaha) bermakna dari dulu hingga sekarang seluruh makhluk di muka bumi dan langit bertasbih. Kata tasbih dengan menggunakan fi‘l muḍāri‘ (Yusabbihu) tidak hanya berfungsi zaman kini dan akan datang, tetapi juga berfungsi sebagai masa lampau dan perbuatan bertasbih dilakukan secara berulang-ulang. Kata tasbih dengan menggunakan fi‘l al-amr (Sabbih) sebagai peringatan untuk senantiasa bertasbih baik di luar waktu ṣalat maupun di dalam waktu salat.
Tahfiz Al-Qur’an dalam Perspektif Mahasiswa Program Studi Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Tafsir UIN Ar-Raniry Periode 2013-2015
Authors: Amri Furqan , Suarni Suarni , Fadhilah Nurul
Published: March 2022

This study aims to find out how the views of students of the study program of al-Qur'an and Tafsir of the year among 2013-2015 on the subject of tahfiz al-Qur'an . This research is field research using a qualitative approach that is guided by qualitative data, namely data from questionnaires, interviews, observations, and documentation. Collecting the data using a research instrument in the form of a list of questions summarized in a questionnaire and distributed to 50 samples of al-Qur'an and Tafsir students in the year among 2013-2015. Meanwhile, interviews were conducted with the caregivers for the tahfiz al-Qur'an subject. The documentation method is used to collect data about things in the form of transcripts, notes, photos, and so on and complete the data obtained from interviews or observations. The collected data is then analyzed and it shows that: All students of the Al-Qur'an and Tafsir Study Programs agree that Hifz al-Qur'an is a very important subject for this major. Among the reasons they explained was that with the existence of this Constitutional Court, it was very easy to understand the Qur'an and also study its Tafsir. Based on the results of the interviews, it can be concluded that the lecturers always provide direction regarding the methods that can be applied in memorizing the Qur'an, and the obstacles faced by students can be resolved by always approaching the Qur'an. Abstrak: Tahfiz al-Qur’an merupakan salah satu mata kuliah wajib bagi mahasiswa Program Studi Ilmu al-Quran dan Tafsir mulai dari semester pertama hingga semester lima. Dalam proses belajar mengajar, banyak mahasiswa yang menyetor hafalan kepada dosen ketika mendekati batas waktu setoran. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pandangan mahasiswa Program Studi Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Tafsir periode 2013-2015 terhadap mata kuliah tahfiz al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini bersifat kajian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang berpedoman pada data hasil angket, wawancara, obeservasi dan dokumentasi. Pengumpulan data melalui angket didistribusikan kepada 50 orang sampel mahasiswa Program Studi Ilmu al-Qur’an dan Tafsir periode 2013-2015, sedangkan wawancara dilakukan terhadap dosen pengasuh mata kuliah tahfiz al-Qur’an. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh mahasiswa Prodi Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Tafsir setuju bahwa Hifz al-Qur’an adalah mata kuliah yang sangat penting bagi Program Studi ini, alasan yang mereka jelaskan adalah karena mata kuliah ini membantu mahasiswa dalam memahami al-Qur’an dan juga mempelajari Tafsirnya. Para dosen senantiasa memberikan pengarahan terkait metode-metode yang dapat diterapkan dalam menghafal al-Qur’an, dan kendala-kendala yang dihadapi mahasiswa dapat diselesaikan dengan senantiasa mendekatkan diri kepada al-Qur’an.
Interpretasi Khimar dan Jilbab dalam Al-Qur’an
Authors: Muthalib Salman Abdul , Novianda Sri Kiki
Published: March 2022

This paper aims to explain the meaning, function and position of the words khimar and jilbab in the Qur’an. In Surat al-Nur verse 31 Allah explains the limitations of the aurat of a Muslim woman and details the meaning of khimar as a cloth (veil) used to cover her hair (head), neck and chest. Meanwhile, in Surat al-Ahzab verse 59, Allah explains about the clothes that serve to cover the entire body of women. Both words have the same meaning and purpose, namely as a cover for women's aurat. Generally, people understand that the hijab is a khimar (veil), such an understanding will affect its users and obscure its true meaning. This study is a literature study, data used from various scientific works that lead to the problems studied. The main data sources used are tafsir books, to find the meaning and position of the two terms. The results show that khimar and jilbab are two words with different meanings. Khimar is a garment that reaches half of the jilbab, while the jilbab is a garment that covers the entire body. It can be concluded that the word jilbab which is understood by the public as the veil, is basically the meaning of khimar, while the jilbab is a garment or wide shirt that is able to cover the entire body of women. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan makna, fungsi dan kedudukan kata khimar dan jilbab dalam al-Qur’an. Dalam Surat al-Nur ayat 31 Allah menjelaskan tentang batasan aurat perempuan muslim dan merinci makna khimar sebagai kain (kerudung) yang digunakan untuk menutup rambut (kepala), leher dan dadanya. Sedangkan dalam Surat al-Ahzab ayat 59, Allah menjelaskan tentang pakaian yang berfungsi untuk menutup seluruh tubuh perempuan. Kedua kata tersebut memiliki maksud dan tujuan yang sama, yaitu sebagai penutup aurat perempuan. Umumnya, masyarakat memahami bahwa jilbab adalah khimar (kerudung), pemahaman demikian akan mempengaruhi penggunanya dan mengaburkan makna sebenranya. Kajian ini bersifat kepustakaan, data yang digunakan dari berbagai karya ilmiah yang mengarah pada permasalahan yang diteliti. Sumber data utama yang digunakan ialah kitab-kitab tafsir, untuk menemukan makna dan kedudukan dua istilah tersebut. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa khimar dan jilbab merupakan dua kata dengan makna yang berbeda. Khimar adalah pakaian yang mencapai setengah dari jilbab, sementara jilbab adalah pakaian yang menutup seluruh tubuh. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kata jilbab yang dipahami oleh masyarakat secara umum dengan maksud kerudung, pada dasarnya adalah pengertian dari khimar, sedangkan jilbab merupakan pakaian atau baju lebar yang mampu menutupi seluruh tubuh perempuan.
Ungkapan Ūlū Al-Albāb menurut Mufasir
Authors: Abu Bakar Syukran , Balqis Putri
Published: March 2022

The Qur'an is a holy book that contains a discussion of many things, one of which is related to reason, namely ulū al-albāb. The word ulū al-albāb is mentioned 16 times in the Qur'an. Ulū al-albāb means people who have a reason or use reason. In the Indonesian translation, the term ulū al-albāb is defined as intelligent people or people who have common sense, while interpreters (mufasir) give a general and different meaning to the word ulū al-albāb. On this basis, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth study of the meaning of ulū al-albāb, so that it can be known in detail the meaning of ulū al-albāb according to the views of interpreters. This study is bibliographic in nature and the data collection is carried out thematically (mauḍū'i). The results showed that the interpreters gave different meanings regarding the term ulū al-albāb. SayyidQutb explained that ulū al-albāb are the people who first received direction to taqwa, while according to M. QuraishShihab it means people who have pure reason (a mind that is clean from lust), while al-Maraghi defines ulū al-albāb with people who understand and maintain the meaning of life, the secrets and wisdom of enforcing the law, and the benefits contained in the law. The duties and responsibilities of ulū al-albāb are to disseminate knowledge to lead society and foster the morals of Muslims. Alquran merupakan kitab suci yang memuat pembicaraan banyak hal, salah satu pembicaraannya berkenaan dengan akal, yaitu ūlū al-albāb. Kata ūlū al-albāb disebutkan sebanyak 16 kali dalam Alquran.Secaralahirūlū al-albābberarti orang yang mempunyai akal atau menggunakan akal.Dalam terjemahan Indonesia, istilah ūlū al-albāb diartikan dengan orang-orang yang berakal atau orang-orang yang mempunyai akal sehat, sedangkan mufasirmemberi pemaknaan terhadap kata ūlū al-albāb  secara umum dan berbeda. Atas dasar tersebut, perlu dilakukan kajian mendalam tentang makna ūlū al-albāb, sehingga dapat diketahui dengan detail maknaūlū al-albābmenurut pandangan ulama tafsir. Kajian ini bersifat kepustakaan dan dalam pengumpulan data dilakukan secara mauḍū’i (tematik). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para mufasirmemberikan pengertian yang berbeda-beda terkait istilah ūlū al-albāb. Sayyid Quthb menjelaskan bahwa ūlū al-albābyaitu orang-orang yang pertama kali mendapat pengarahan kepada taqwa, sedangkan menurut M. Quraish Shihab mengartikannya dengan orang yang mempunyai akal murni (akal yang bersih dari hawa nafsu), sementara al-Maraghi ūlū al-albābmendefinisikannya dengan orang yang mengerti dan memelihara arti kehidupan, mampu memahami rahasia dan hikmah ditegakkannya hukum, mereka mampu memahami maslahat yang terdapat didalam hukum. Tugas dan tanggung jawab ūlū al-albābadalahmenyebarluaskan ilmu pengetahuan dalam rangka memimpin masyarakat dan membina akhlak umat Islam.
PEMIDANAAN ANAK DALAM KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS YANG MENGAKIBATKAN KORBAN MENINGGAL PERSPEKTIF HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Kurniawan Hafitd
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis research shows that traffic violations committed by minors still occur frequently and the factors that cause high traffic violations committed by minors are family factors, educational factors, and schools and social or social factors, and the application of the law against criminal acts of traffic violations committed by minors namely omission of violations, actions that are not optimal, and maximum actions. The research aims to knowing is the punishment of children as offenders of traffic in Positive and Islamic law and the comparison between Positive law and Islamic law against children as mere violators which causes the victim to die. To find out the application of the law against traffic violations committed by minors. The results of this study are that children as traffic violators that cause casualties are regulated in Jo Criminal Code. Jo Traffic Act. The Juvenile Justice System Law, a child as a traffic violator who causes the victim to die positive law and Islamic law may be subject to fines or ta'zir.Keywords : Criminalization of children; Traffic Accident; Islamic law.Â AbstrakPenelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelanggaran lalu lintas yang dilakukan oleh anak dibawah umur masih sering terjadi dan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan tingginya pelanggaran lalu lintas yang dilakukan oleh anak dibawah umur yaitu faktor keluarga, faktor pendidikan, dan sekolah dan faktor pergaulan atau lingkungan, dan penerapan hukum terhadap tindak pidana pelanggaran lalu lintas yang dilakukan oleh anak dibawah umur yaitu pembiaran terhadap pelanggaran, penindakan yang tidak maksimal, dan penindakan maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan Mengetahui pemidanaan anak sebagai pelaku pelanggar lalu lintas dalam hukum Positif dan hukum Islam dan perbandingan hukum Positif dan hukum Islam terhadap anak sebagai pelanggar laka lantas yang menyebabkan korban meninggal. Untuk mengetahui penerapan hukum terhadap tindak pidana pelanggaran lalu lintas yang dilakukan oleh anak dibawah umur. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa anak sebagai pelanggar lalu lintas yang menyebabkan korban meninggal diatur dalam KUHP Jo. UU Lalu Lintas Jo. UU Sistem Peradilan Anak, anak sebagai pelanggar lalu lintas yang menyebabkan korban meninggal menurut hukum positif dan hukum Islam dapat dikenakan pidana denda atau taâ€™zir.Kata kunci : Pemidanaan anak; Kecelakaan lalu lintas; Hukum Islam.
Added value of three dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect.
Authors: Abdelghani faten , ElMarsafawy Hala , Wafa Ahmad , Youssof Mahmoud , Li Wei , Gatzoulis Michael
Published: March 2022

Unrepaired secundum ASD (atrial septal defect) is the commonest
congenital heart disease encountered in adulthood. In this study we try
to correlate the three-dimensional size of a secundum ASD to the device
size. We did a retrospective analysis to 36 patients who underwent
successful transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect guided by
balloon sizing and correlated this to the device size. The device size
was correlated significantly with all the maximal ASD diameter by
2D-TTE, 2D-TEE and 3D-TEE. However, the most significant correlation was
between three-dimensional maximal diameter and device. 3D TEE is a
promising and reliable tool that can be used to determine the size,
number and shape of ASD and to accurately select the suitable device
size during percutaneous closure.
Concentration polarization on surface patterned membranes
Authors: Shang Chuning , Xia Jianzhong , Sun Lili , Lipscomb Glenn , Zhang Sui
Published: March 2022

Surface pattern is a promising approach to enhance membrane performance
while contradictory results have been reported on concentration
polarization of patterned membranes. Here, we provide an experimental
and modeling study of the concentration polarization on patterned
membranes by varying pattern size, solute size, surface hydrophilicity
and membrane orientation. Interesting trends were observed when
comparing different membrane orientation, where relative concentration
polarization degree (CPD) was found to be dependent on molecular weight.
Salts and small organic molecules encountered more severe CPD in the
transverse mode, while molecules larger than a threshold value showed a
different trend. Such threshold molecular weight increased at larger
pattern size. Simulation results were consistent with experimental
observations, and revealed the critical role of diffusivity on such
phenomena. Results also showed more severe concentration polarization on
patterned membranes in both parallel and transverse modes in most cases,
compared to smooth membrane.
Unusual response to atrial entrainment pacing dependent on pacing current strength: What is the mechanism?
Authors: Doi Atsushi , Miyazaki Naoko , Yamada Takayuki
Published: March 2022

A 77-year-old woman with palpitations was referred for a second
radiofrequency ablation for persistent atrial tachycardia (AT). She
previously underwent pulmonary vein (PV) isolation for paroxysmal atrial
fibrillation, linear ablation between the 3’o clock position of the
mitral annulus (MA) and left PV from the endocardium, and ablation
inside the coronary sinus (CS) for perimitral atrial tachycardia (PMAT)
in the first procedure. A baseline 12-lead electrocardiogram in the
second procedure showed stable AT with a cycle length (CL) of 250 ms. No
PV reconnection was observed. The CS catheter was placed from 3:30 to
5:00 on the MA, and a proximal-to-distal pattern of CS activation during
AT was observed. Activation mapping in the left atrial (LA) endocardium
using a three-dimensional mapping system (CARTO3, Biosense Webster,
Diamond Bar, CA, USA) revealed a sequence of counterclockwise rotations
of the MA. Figures 1A and 1B show the intracardiac electrograms during
high-output (20 V) and low-output (5 V) atrial entrainment pacing at a
pacing CL of 240ms from CS 3,4, which corresponds to the 4’o clock
position of the MA. Dose residual conduction occur across the mitral
isthmus (MI) endocardium, epicardium, or both? What is the
electrophysiological mechanism during high- and low-output entrainment
pacing?
Interaction of landscape and indoor space in architecture of Roja open-air stage / summer concert hall
Authors: Grietena Aija
Published: March 2022

In the art of environmental design, architecture, landscape architecture and interiors need to be balanced through interdisciplinary collaborative planning to enhance the psycho-emotional quality of environment, and in this respect, the study of the interaction of landscapes and indoor space through comparative analysis and inductive reference continue. Enclosed by evergreen Vacciniosa type of forest, the impressive building of the new Roja Stage / Summer Concert Hall has been standing proudly on the shores of the Gulf of Riga since 2019. The building actively contrasts with the surrounding landscape. The language of architectural forms in glass and concrete is geometrically sharp, saturated with broken lines and planes in contrast to the adjacent natural landscape, pine forest. The specific detailed case study underlines the importance of balanced interdisciplinary collaboration in harmonious interaction between architecture, landscape and indoor space.
Att stödja tvärvetenskapliga doktoranders frigörelse från disciplinära föreställningar
Authors: Brandstedt Eric
Published: March 2022

Ambitiösa ideal om tvärvetenskap är välkänt svåra att omsätta i praktiken, delvis beroende på att de motarbetas av hur många universitet är strukturerade. Detta är ett problem för doktorander i tvärvetenskapliga projekt såväl som för deras handledare. Tvärvetenskapliga doktorander har precis som alla doktorander ett forskningsämne i vilket de förväntas utvecklas till självständiga forskare men också en förväntan om att de ska bredda sig och integrera perspektiv från andra ämnen. Det leder till en svår utmaning för såväl doktoranden som hens handledare: hur ska tiden räcka till? Det är svårt att förena rimliga krav och förväntningar på doktoranders självständighetsutveckling med att uppnå ambitiösa tvärvetenskapliga ideal. Hur kan detta hanteras utifrån perspektivet av handledaren som har mer monodisciplinär bakgrund än den som doktoranden förväntas få? Hur kan denne handledare stödja doktorandens utveckling till en självständig tvärvetenskaplig forskare? Denna text fokuserar på de monodisciplinära föreställningar som handledare till tvärvetenskapliga doktorander förmedlar och hur de kan begränsa doktorandernas möjligheter till att bli självständiga tvärvetenskapliga forskare. Ett ideal om en sorts frigörelse från vissa monodisciplinära föreställningar formuleras.
 
English abstract
English title: To support interdisciplinary doctoral students’ emancipation from monodisciplinarypreconceptions
Ambitious ideals about interdisciplinarity are notoriously difficult to put into practice, partly because they are counteracted by how many universities are organised. This is a problem for doctoral students in interdisciplinary projects as well as for their supervisors. Interdisciplinary doctoral students, like all doctoral students, have a research subject in which they are expected to develop into independent researchers, but also an expectation that they will broaden and integrate perspectives from other subjects. This leads to a difficult challenge for both the doctoral student and its supervisor: how should the time be enough? It is difficult to combine reasonable demands and expectations on doctoral students’ independence development with achieving ambitious interdisciplinary ideals. How can this be handled from the perspective of the supervisor who has a more monodisciplinary background than the one the doctoral student is expected to get? How can this supervisor support the doctoral student’s development into an independent interdisciplinary researcher? This article focuses on monodisciplinary preconceptions that supervisors of interdisciplinary doctoral students convey and how they can limit the doctoral students’ opportunities to become independent interdisciplinary researchers. An ideal of a kind of emancipation from certain monodisciplinary ideas is formulated.
Nexus of Patriotism and Militarism in Russia: A Quest for Internal Cohesion
Authors: Bækken Håvard
Published: March 2022

Nexus of Patriotism and Militarism in Russia er en viktig artikkelsamling om den russiske militærpatriotismens mange fasetter. Forfatterne forklarer grunnlaget for alliansen mellom «patrioter» og «militarister» internt i statsmaskineriet, og hvordan denne alliansen bruker fiendebilder i sitt forsøk på å presse gjennom en konsensus ovenfra og ned.
Nexus of Patriotism and Militarism in Russia is an important collection of articles about many aspects of military patriotism in Russia. The authors explain the foundation for an alliance between “patriots” and “militarists” within the state apparatus, and how this alliance uses enemy images in an attempt to force through a consensus top down.
HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN PEMILIK BANGUNAN CAGAR BUDAYA DI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Susanti Diah Imaningrum , Susriyani Rini , Herwanta Albertus
Published: March 2022

The objectives of this research are to describe the implementation of the rights and duties of the owners of cultural properties (Cagar Budaya) in Malang City, especially the buildings of Cor Jesu School and Kayutangan Church, as well as to describe the responsibilities of the local government in protecting the buildings stipulated as cultural properties as stated in the Law Number  11 of 2010 on Cultural Properties. The status as “cultural property” is stipulated by local government through a recommendation by a Team of Experts in Cultural Property. After the stipulation, the rights and liabilities of the owner of such cultural property take effect and the protection of the property becomes the responsibility of the local government. The approach of this research is empirical, conducted by doing in-depth interviews with the owners of cultural properties, some informants such as the Cultural and Tourism Department of Malang City, and with the Assessor of Cultural Property for those buildings. This approach is done after identifying the rights, duties, and responsibilities dealing with the cultural proprties as stipulated in the Law Number 11 of 2010 on Cultural Property. It is concluded that the law as it is written in the Law still takes great efforts to be implemented in reality, in order to fulfill the requirements stated in the Law.
PERLINDUNGAN BAGI KELOMPOK AGAMA MINORITAS MENGHADAPI KELOMPOK AGAMA MAYORITAS: STUDI KASUS AHOK DAN MELIANA
Authors: Sundari Elisabeth , Simangunsong Anna Marieta , Valerie Isabelle , Nurlatu Matheus
Published: March 2022

Through the case studies, Ahok and Meliana, this research aims to explain how the religious minority try to obtain protection to fulfill human rights when faced with religious majority pressure from the majority group. Normative research will answer the problem by analyzing the process of prosecution, the adjudication, and the punishment for Ahok & Meliana and the demonstration both outside the court and in the trial process demanding severe punishment for the accused of religious blasphemy. The result shows that even though it is difficult to prove directly, the mobilization of the masses in the judicial process can affect judges' independence to provide protection and justice for religious minority. The case of Ahok and Meliana shows how difficult it is for minority religious groups to seek protection against pressure from the majority religious groups because the State and Judges cannot prevent and take firm action against mass pressure from the majority religious groups against minority religious groups. The case such as Ahok and Meliana will occur as long as blasphemy's criminalization is still in effect. If the principle of non-discrimination or commutative justice is applied, and not the principle of protection based on 'partiality for the vulnerable,' the protection for religious minority groups will not be realized fully.
THE STUDY ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF DISPUTE AGREEMENTS AND RESOLUTIONS
Authors: Indriyo St. Mahendra Soni , Christiani Th. Anita , Prasetiyo Reinardus Budi
Published: March 2022

The legal issues in this study are aimed to determine the legal provisions for returning compensation to Yayasan Slamet Riyadi Yogyakarta (YSRY) in an overseas study assignment agreement. Furthermore, this study is to determine and analyze the dispute resolution efforts that best provide a sense of justice for both parties. This research is a normative juridical that uses secondary data and uses qualitative data analysis and deductive conclusion techniques. The results show that First, there is a need for material and good faith guarantees from employees who carry out the assignment agreements. Second, non-litigation efforts need to be done in addition to a litigation effort undertaken by YSRY.
AKIBAT HUKUM PENERAPAN PENGATURAN SOLE LIMITED COMPANY NEGARA LAOS DI INDONESIA
Authors: Budi Jessica Kirana
Published: March 2022

Laos has been successful in maintaining high and relatively stable growth for 2 (two) decades.  This continuously developing country also makes Laos as 1 (one) of the 10 (ten) fastest growing economies in the world. Regarding to this, Laos has several types of business organizations in the country, one of them is a limited company. This limited company is also regulated in Indonesian law. Referring to this, it is interesting to conduct research on how the sole limited company is regulated in Laos and what are the legal consequences that will arise if the same regulation of Laos's sole limited company is applied in Indonesia. Based on above, the writer expects the research can provide additional knowledge from the law perspective. Regarding the arrangement of Laos's sole limited company and the legal consequences that could arise if Indonesia using the same concept. This research used normative legal research methods. The conclusion of this research is that a limited company in Laos can turn into a sole limited company if the shareholders are less than 2 (two) persons and can change back into a limited company if the shareholders are at least 2 (two) persons or not more than 30 (thirty) persons. Then the legal consequences are that if Indonesia is using a sole limited company, like Laos, the shareholders are personally responsible and can be sued in the District Court by authorized persons.
HAK VETO DEWAN KEAMANAN PERSERIKATAN BANGSA-BANGSA DAN ASAS EQUALITY OF THE STATES DALAM ERA GLOBALISASI
Authors: Adventura Battista Pridana
Published: March 2022

The Security Council is one of the organs of the United Nations to assist its task in maintaining world security and peace. In carrying out its duties, the Security Council is guided by the principles known in the United Nations, as regulated in Article 2 paragraph 1 of the United Nations Charter. One of the principles is the equality of position or degrees of all member countries. But the phenomenon that occurs is the opposite, equality of position is not respected in the UN Security Council considering that in making decisions, it is known that there is a veto that only applies owned by a permanent member state of the Security Council and this right is often used to carry out foreign policy and maintain interests with allied countries. Seeing this phenomenon, is the veto power still relevant today? And are there any attempts to reduce or limit the permanent member states of the UN Security Council from exercising that veto? The purpose of this study is to identify whether or not there is a need for reform of the use of the veto power which incidentally is not by the principle of equity of the states. This research uses normative legal research. The conclusion of this paper is every country has the same position, but the current phenomenon is a country that has strong power, will affect other countries, as evidenced by the three cases discussed in this paper, then the veto right shows the privilege for the five founders of the United Nations compared to other countries.
PARADIGMA MAKNA FINAL DAN MENGIKAT PUTUSAN DEWAN KEHORMATAN PENYELENGGARA PEMILU
Authors: Ismail Ismail , Hapsoro Fakhris Lutfianto
Published: March 2022

In several cases of settlement of the State Administrative Court, the Panel of Judges annulled the Presidential Decree (beschikking) which followed up on a Decision of the Honorary Council of Election Organizers regarding the dishonorable dismissal of members of the General Election Commission. Basically, the decision of the Honorary Election Organizing Council is final and binding. With this practice in mind, this paper discusses how the paradigm is "final and binding" in the Decisions of the Honorary Election Organizing Council and what the consequences are for legal certainty. This paper uses a normative juridical approach. The results of this paper indicate that the "final and binding" nature of the DKPP Decision has a paradigm of meaning and creates uncertainty and disruption of legal order in the administration of elections and nullifies the essence of the existence of DKPP as an ethical judiciary institution that balances power (checks and balances).
Cannibalizing paradise: Suzanne Césaire’s ecofeminist critique of tourist literature
Authors: Eyestone Emily
Published: March 2022

This paper considers the ecofeminist geopoetics of Suzanne Césaire, developed over the course of seven essays that appeared in Martinican literary journal, Tropiques. Césaire deploys a ‘cannibalizing’ method aimed at subverting colonialist-utopian fantasies of the Antilles that cast them as inviting, penetrable spaces for European colonists and pleasure-seekers. I suggest that Césaire enlists the chaotic, often destructive forces of Caribbean climate to create a resistant geopoetics that opposes paradisal and sexualized visions of the tropics in travel literature. Yet, rather than simply activating the dystopian and disastrous antipode of Edenic paradise, Césaire diffuses the dialectical tension between utopia/dystopia, instead grounding the emergence of an unassimilated identity in the region’s geo-climatic dynamism. I argue that Césaire’s valorization of instability as a defining feature of Caribbean culture and geography impedes the reification of islands as either utopic paradises ripe for consumption or dystopian hotspots in need of technological rationalization and control. While Césaire’s work has been largely left out of studies on postcolonial theory, ecocriticism, and Caribbean women’s writing, I suggest that her essays demonstrate a latent ecofeminism, allowing her to subvert gendered, exoticized representations of Caribbean islands used to justify continued environmental exploitation, development, and neocolonial control.
Następczy wpływ ugorowania pola na zachwaszczenie łanu żyta
Authors: KURUS JOANNA
Published: March 2022

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczące wpływu różnych sposobów ugorowania pola ornego na zachwaszczenie żyta na glebie lekkiej. Badania przeprowadzono w latach 2003–2005 w Gospodarstwie Doświadczalnym Bezek (wschodnia Lubelszczyzna) na glebie bielicowej niecałkowitej, na podłożu marglistym, o składzie granulometrycznym piasku gliniastego mocnego. Żyto wysiewano po rocznym ugorowaniu pola, podczas którego stosowano 5 różnych sposobów jego pielęgnacji: ugór czarny (uprawki mechaniczne), ugór uprawowo-herbicydowy, ugór herbicydowy, ugór zielony na paszę i ugór zielony na nawóz. Do chemicznej pielęgnacji stosowano preparat Roundup 360 SL (3 l · ha-1). Zakres badań obejmował ocenę następczego wpływu ugorowania pola na zachwaszczenie łanu żyta. Zachwaszczenie określano metodą ilościowo-wagową przed zbiorem żyta. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że największy wpływ na zachwaszczenie żyta miały warunki pogodowe w okresie jego wegetacji. Najlepszym sposobem pielęgnacji jednorocznego ugoru okazał się ugór uprawowo-herbicydowy, który ograniczał liczbę chwastów oraz w sposób znaczący zmniejszał powietrznie suchą masę chwastów w łanie żyta, zwłaszcza w porównaniu z ugorem zielonym. Stosowanie preparatu Roundup 360 SL do pielęgnacji ugoru eliminowało Elymus repens ze zbiorowiska chwastów zasiedlających łan żyta sianego w stanowisku po ugorze herbicydowym oraz uprawowo-herbicydowym. Dominującymi gatunkami w łanie żyta okazały się gatunki dwuliścienne, a zwłaszcza Viola arvensis oraz z klasy jednoliściennych Apera spica-venti. Z kolei mieszanka zbożowo-strączkowa najsilniej zachwaszczona była przez Echinochloa crus-galli.
Wpływ nawożenia organicznego i sposobów uprawy roli na produktywność buraka cukrowego
Authors: KUC PIOTR , STROCHALSKA BERNADETA
Published: March 2022

Badania realizowano w latach 2002–2004 w RZD „Swojec” we Wrocławiu w oparciu o ścisłe dwuczynnikowe doświadczenie polowe, założone metodą split-plot w czterech powtórzeniach. Czynnikiem I rzędu było nawożenie organiczne – międzyplon ścierniskowy uprawiany po przyoraniu słomy przedplonowej w ilości 5–6 t · ha-1 (obiekt 1) oraz bez słomy (obiekt 2). Czynnikiem II rzędu była zróżnicowana uprawa jesienno-wiosenna oraz nawożenie obornikiem. Największą zawartością cukru biologicznego charakteryzowały się korzenie po zastosowaniu uprawy konserwującej, a najmniejszą na poletkach z uprawą tradycyjną i zmniejszoną dawką obornika. Wskaźnik pokrycia liściowego (LAI), wskaźnik ulistnienia (LAR), powierzchnia asymilacyjna oraz liczba liści przypadająca na 1 dt cukru nie były istotnie zależne od zastosowanych sposobów uprawy. Nawożenie samym międzyplonem w porównaniu z nawożeniem międzyplonem uprawianym po przyoranej słomie przedplonowej nie wpływa negatywnie na produktywność buraka cukrowego.
Wpływ międzyplonów ścierniskowych na plonowanie i efektywność energetyczną produkcji zbóż jarych
Authors: HARASIM ELŻBIETA , GAWĘDA DOROTA
Published: March 2022

Celem badań była ocena wpływu międzyplonów na wielkość plonu ziarna zbóż jarych uprawianych w monokulturze i efektywność energetyczną ich produkcji. Badania realizowano w latach 2006–2008 w Gospodarstwie Doświadczalnym Uhrusk. Doświadczenie zlokalizowano na rędzinie mieszanej, średnio głębokiej, wytworzonej z wapieni kredowych. Uwzględniono w nim gatunki zbóż jarych (pszenica, jęczmień, owies) oraz rodzaje międzyplonów ścierniskowych (obiekt kontrolny – bez międzyplonu, gorczycę białą, facelię błękitną, rzepak ozimy i mieszankę roślin strączkowych – łubin wąskolistny + groch pastewny). Stwierdzono, że największy przyrost plonu ziarna (o 9,4%), w porównaniu z obiektem kontrolnym, powodował międzyplon z facelii stosowany w uprawie pszenicy. Natomiast mniejszy wzrost wydajności ziarna wystąpił u jęczmienia (ok. 8%) po roślinach strączkowych i w przypadku owsa (ok. 7%) uprawianego po facelii i rzepaku. Efektywność energetyczna produkcji ziarna zbóż zależała w większym stopniu od gatunków zbóż niż stosowanych międzyplonów. Wyższym wskaźnikiem efektywności energetycznej cechowała się produkcja jęczmienia i owsa (odpowiednio 4,71 i 4,65) niż pszenicy (3,84). Uprawa międzyplonów ścierniskowych tylko w niewielkim stopniu obniżała efektywność energetyczną produkcji zbóż jarych.
Wpływ poziomu nawożenia, ochrony roślin i gęstości siewu na zachwaszczenie pszenicy ozimej uprawianej w krótkotrwałej monokulturze
Authors: PIEKARCZYK MARIUSZ
Published: March 2022

W doświadczeniu polowym, przeprowadzonym w latach 2003–2007 w Mochełku koło Bydgoszczy, na glebie kompleksu żytniego dobrego, oceniano wpływ nawożenia (147 kg NPK·ha-1, 221 NPK·ha-1), ochrony roślin (bez ochrony roślin, herbicyd, herbicyd + fungicyd) i gęstości siewu (400 ziaren·m-2, 600 ziaren·m-2) na zachwaszczenie pszenicy ozimej odmiany Tonacja uprawianej w krótkotrwałej monokulturze. W badaniach wykazano znaczny wzrost liczby i masy chwastów w pszenicy uprawianej po sobie bez stosowania herbicydów. Zastosowanie herbicydu Huzar 05 WG (jodosulfuron metylosodowy + mefenpyr dietylu) ograniczało zachwaszczenie. Zwiększenie gęstości siewu pszenicy z 400 do 600 ziaren·m-2 spowodowało niewielkie zmniejszenie liczby i masy chwastów. W doświadczeniu nie stwierdzono istotnych zmian zachwaszczenia w zależności od poziomu nawożenia mineralnego
Wpływ gęstości łanu na dynamikę przyrostu biomasy pszenicy jarej i chwastów
Authors: HALINIARZ MAŁGORZATA
Published: March 2022

Celem badań było porównanie dynamiki przyrostu biomasy części nadziemnych pszenicy jarej oraz towarzyszących jej chwastów, w zależności od ilości wysiewu. Czynnikami badawczymi były trzy odmiany pszenicy jarej: Nawra, Zadra i Korynta i dwie normy wysiewu, tj. 500 i 800 ziaren m-2. W trakcie wegetacji pszenicy, w czterech fazach rozwojowych: w fazie 3–4 liści (BBCH – 13–14), krzewienia (BBCH – 21–22), strzelania w źdźbło (BBCH – 30–31), kłoszenia (BBCH – 49–51) ścinano z powierzchni 1 m2 nadziemne części zboża i chwastów i oznaczano powietrznie suchą masę. Następnie obliczono bezwzględną szybkość przyrostu biomasy pszenicy i chwastów. Badania wykazały, iż zwiększenie ilości wysiewu pszenicy jarej z 500 do 800 ziaren m-2 wpłynęło na wzrost produktywności badanych odmian w każdej fazie rozwojowej. W pierwszych dwóch latach badań największą produktywnością cechowała się odmiana Korynta, a w 2008 r. jej miejsce zajęła odmiana Nawra. W trzyleciu badań Koryntę można uznać za odmianę o największej konkurencyjności wobec chwastów.
Wpływ zapraw nasiennych i stymulacji laserowej na kiełkowanie nasion koniczyny czerwonej
Authors: ĆWINTAL MAREK , SOWA PIOTR
Published: March 2022

W latach 2005–2006 przeprowadzono eksperyment laboratoryjny, w którym oceniano wartość siewną nasion koniczyny czerwonej – łąkowej, odmiany Dajana. Doświadczenie założono w czterech powtórzeniach, metodą kompletnej randomizacji. W badaniach uwzględniono dwa czynniki: 1. naświetlanie nasion przed kiełkowaniem rozbieżną wiązką światła lasera He-Ne, o gęstości powierzchniowej mocy 0, 4 i 8 mW·cm-2 (R0, R4, R8), które stosowano 1-, 2- i 4-krotnie; 2. zaprawy nasienne: 0 (kontrola), Funaben T, Sarfun T 450 FS, Super Homai 70 DS. W materiale siewnym koniczyny czerwonej określono energię kiełkowania, procent nasion normalnie i nienormalnie kiełkujących, twardych, porażonych chorobami grzybowymi oraz ich zdolność kiełkowania. Stwierdzono, że badane zaprawy nasienne istotnie zwiększały zdolność kiełkowania koniczyny czerwonej, a także procentowy udział nasion normalnie kiełkujących. Zmniejszały natomiast istotnie energię kiełkowania, procent nasion porażonych chorobami grzybowymi oraz nienormalnie kiełkujących i twardych. Laserowa stymulacja nasion koniczyny, szczególnie w większej dawce promieniowania, istotnie zwiększała energię kiełkowania i udział nasion normalnie kiełkujących, a zmniejszała procent nasion twardych.
Przebieg faz fenologicznych ziemniaka i jego uwarunkowania wieloletnią zmiennością temperatury powietrza w Polsce
Authors: KALBARCZYK ELIZA , KALBARCZYK ROBERT
Published: March 2022

Celem pracy było określenie wpływu wieloletnich zmian temperatury powietrza na przebieg terminów faz fenologicznych i długości okresów rozwojowych ziemniaka w Polsce. Materiał do badań stanowiły wyniki doświadczeń z 30 stacji COBORU, z lat 1973–2002, dotyczące faz rozwoju dla wzorca ziemniaka średnio wczesnego i średnio późnego. Średnie miesięczne temperatury powietrza w okresie kwiecień–październik zebrano z posterunków meteorologicznych stacji COBORU lub ze stacji IMGW. Obserwowano wzrost średniej temperatury powietrza w całym okresie wegetacji ziemniaka w Polsce, średnio o +0,54oC/10 lat oraz w kwietniu, maju, lipcu i sierpniu, od +0,67oC/10 lat do +0,96oC/10 lat. Wystąpiło także przyspieszenie terminów faz fenologicznych ziemniaka, średnio od około 1 do 4 dni/10 lat, jak również wydłużenie, średnio o około 2–3 dni/10 lat, okresu kwitnienie–usychanie łętów oraz skrócenie, średnio o około 1–2 dni/10 lat, okresów wschody–kwitnienie ziemniaka średnio późnego i zasychanie łętów–zbiór ziemniaka średnio wczesnego. Zmienność terminów kwitnienia, a w mniejszym stopniu także wschodów, zależała od przebiegu temperatury powietrza.
Wpływ technologii regeneracji runi łąkowej na zmiany jej składu gatunkowego
Authors: KULIK MARIUSZ ARTUR
Published: March 2022

Celem badań była ocena wpływu różnych technologii regeneracji runi łąkowej na zmiany jej składu gatunkowego. Badania prowadzono w latach 2003–2006 w Stacji Dydaktyczno--Badawczej w Sosnowicy na glebie torfowo-murszowej (Mt II). Kwatera łąkowa znajduje się na kompleksie zlokalizowanym w środkowym odcinku rzeki Piwonii (rejon Kanału Wieprz-Krzna), który w latach 1964–66 został zmeliorowany i przeprowadzono na nim rolnicze zagospodarowanie. W doświadczeniu założonym w układzie split-plot w 4 powtórzeniach uwzględniono różne technologie regeneracji runi łąkowej oraz cztery poziomy nawożenia azotem. Siew lub podsiew nasion wykonano specjalistycznym siewnikiem Hassia o rowkowych narzędziach roboczych. Ruń koszono 3-krotnie w terminach optymalnych dla tego typu zbiorowisk. Największy udział gatunków podsianych zaobserwowano w latach 2003–2004, jak również w runi łąkowej po zastosowaniu orki oraz orki chemicznej z zabiegiem gryzowania i bez niego. Jednocześnie ruń po wymienionych zabiegach charakteryzowała się w pierwszym roku znacznym udziałem gatunków z grupy ziół i chwastów. Zabiegi intensywne ograniczyły ponadto udział Poa pratensis w runi łąkowej.
VISUAL POLLUTION IN THE CONTEX OF CONFLICTING DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
Authors: Sumartono Sumartono
Published: March 2022

AbstrakPopulasi Sosial dalam Kaitannya dengan Pertentangan Persyaratan Desain. Semua jenis desain ( desain grafis, produk dan interior) dirahkan untuk mempertimbangkan beberapa persyaratan tertentu yang diikuti dengan penggunaan metode berfikir secara logis guna memenuhi suatu proses desain. apabila dalam mendesain sesuatu, persyaratan-persyaratn tersebut sudah dipertimbangkan dengan baik dan proses desain secara logis telah digunakan, maka lengkaplah desain itu sendiri. Idealnya , tidak terjadi pertentangan di antara desain yang dibuat karena semuanya sudah berlandaskan kepada pengguanan metode proses desainyang logis. Namun pada kenyataannya, keberadaan yang diharapkan saling menunjang dari masing-masing desain telah menimbulkan adanya pertentangan dalam hal pemenuhan persyaratan dan juga logika. Pertentangan tersebut dapat kita jumpai pada saat terjadi polusi pemandangan ( visual pollution) di suatu lokasi. Tulisan ini akan membahas pengaruh dari pemandangan yang diakibatkan oleh keberadaan papan reklame, rambu-rambu di jalan, poster, rumah/gedung, kendaran yang bergerak, desain grafis di luar toko, desain kemasan, coretan-coretan dan lain-lain dalam konteks pertentangan dalam hal persyaratan dan berpikir logika. AbstractVisual Pollution In the Context of Conflicting Design Requirements. All designs ( graphic, product, and interior design)are directed to consider certain requirements which are followed by logical thinking to fulfill a design process. Once the requirements of each design have been well considered and the logical design process has been fulfilled, the design is complete. Ideally . all design are not supposed to be in conflict with each other because aeach one is based on logical design process. In reality, however the mutual existence of these designs has produced conflicting requirements and thereby conflicting logics. This conflict can be seen in visual pollution. This paper will examine the impct of visual pollution caused by billboard, street signs, posters, houses/buildings, automobiles, shopfront graphic design, packaging design, grafitti etc, in the contex of conflicting logic/requirements