bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Raman Spectra of Delignified Plant Fibers: Exploring the Impact of Xylan’s Presence on Cellulose Spectral Features
Authors: Agarwal Umesh Prasad , Ralph Sally A.
Published: November 2023

Wood and plants are made of fibers which contain, in addition to cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses. Xylan and galactoglucomannan are the dominant secondary cell wall hemicelluloses. Besides fibers’ traditional use in textile and paper industries, the fibers are important materials for the biorefinery industry and for developing biocomposites. In the former context, renewable lignocellulosic biomass is used as feedstock to sustainably produce fuels, chemicals, and polymers. On the other hand, in relation to composites, cellulose fibers which are anisotropic play an important reinforcing role in fiber-matrix interactions. However, for these and other applications, structural analysis of the fibers is important and among many analytical techniques used, Raman spectroscopy is one of the methods. However, given the structural similarity between hemicelluloses and cellulose, many of their Raman contributions overlap. While the wavenumber positions corresponding to the Raman contributions of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin are known, extent to which overlapping features of hemicellulose modify the spectrum of cellulose is not yet fully understood. The present investigation focuses on this aspect by using xylan as one of the hemicelluloses. As a model system, samples with various mass ratios of microcrystalline cellulose (cotton) and xylan (birch wood) were prepared and analyzed by FT-Raman spectroscopy. The findings were then applied to interpret Raman spectra of selected xylan containing delignified plant fibers. It is hoped that insights gained would lead to better interpretation of the spectra of natural and treated plant materials.
Cbct Evaluation of the Relationship between the Distance of the Apex of the Upper Central Tooth to the Nasal Floor and the Anterior Nasal Spine with Orthodontic Vertical Direction Parameters
Authors: Çınarsoy Ciğerim Saadet , Sezen Erhamza Türkan
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of the distance between the apex tip of the upper central tooth (U1A) and the anterior nasal spine (ANS) and the nasal floor (NF) with the vertical cephalometric values using cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT). A total of 122 patients who applied to Department of Orthodontics between January 2011-June 2019 were included. On the CBCT’s, distances between the U1A and the NF and ANS were measured. Statistical significance was considered as p<0.05. Of 122 individuals 73.8% (n=90) were female and 26.2% (n=32) were male with an mean age of 22,8±3,3 years. A statistically significant moderate positive correlation was found between the NF-U1A mean values and the measurements of N-Me, ANS-Me and ANS-Gn, S-Go, and N-ANS measurements (p <0.01). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the ANS-U1A mean values and Ar-Go-Me, total posterior angles, N-Me, SN/GoGn and Y-axis angle, ANS-Me and ANS-Gn (p <0.01). In this study, we found that the distance of U1A from ANS and NF points was related to orthodontic vertical direction parameters. It was demonstrated that the ANS-U1A and NF-U1A points can serve as reference points for identifying the orthodontic vertical growth pattern on CBCT scans.
In-situ/operando Techniques for Unraveling Mechanisms of Ionic Transport in Solid-State Lithium Indium Halide Electrolyte
Authors: Bahmani Farzaneh , Rodmyre Collyn , Ly Karen , Mack Paul , White Smirnova Alevtina
Published: November 2023

Abstract: In the past years, lithium-ion solid-state batteries demonstrated significant advancements regarding such properties as safety, long-term endurance, and energy density. The properties of these depend on solid-state electrolytes and especially ionic transport interfacial transport with cathode or anode materials. Solid-state electrolytes based on lithium halides offer new opportunities due to their unique features such as broad electrochemical stability window, high lithium-ion conductivity, and elasticity at close to melting point temperatures that help to improve lithium-ion transport at interfaces. A comparative study of lithium indium halide (Li3InCl6) electrolytes syn-thesized by a mechano-thermal method using different optimization parameters revealed a signif-icant effect of ball-milling time, temperature, and pressure on lithium-ion transport. Based on the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) data in the temperature range of 25-100 °C, the optimized Li3InCl6 electrolyte phase demonstrates high ionic conductivity reaching 0.98 mS cm−1 at room temperature. However, at 70 °C, phase transformation was observed leading to significant changes in the activation energy for lithium-ion transport. In-situ X-ray diffraction and in-situ/operando X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques confirmed the tempera-ture-dependent behavior of Li3InCl6 synthesized. These observations provide critical information for practical applications of solid-state electrolytes and nanocomposites based on Li3InCl6 within the broad temperature range for lithium-ion solid-state batteries with improved morphology, chemical interactions, and structural integrity.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN GURU UNTUK MENGGUNAKAN ALAT PERAGA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI METODE BIMBINGAN SIMULASI
Authors: Suparmin Suparmin
Published: November 2023

Penugasan guru untuk meningkatkan kualitas proses belajar mengajar dan hasil prestasi belajar siswa dalam rangka pencapaian tujuan pendidikan merupakan tanggung jawab kepala sekolah. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan supervisi setiap guru dan ditemukan bahwa guru pasif dalam menggunakan alat peraga dan diperbanyak tanya jawab lisan serta mengerjakan soal latihan pada lembar kerja siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam menggunakan alat peraga melalui bimbingan simulasi. Penelitian tindakan sekolah dengan dua siklus, dan setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, refleksi. Pelaksanaan setiap siklusnya terdiri dari tiga pertemuan yang dilakukan lewat bimbingan simulasi dan dengan partisipan penelitian delapan guru. Hasil nilai kemampuan guru menggunakan alat peraga terendah kategori E naik pada siklus I dan naik lagi pada siklus II menjadi kategori C. Untuk nilai tertinggi  kondisi awal kategori D  naik pada siklus I menjadi kategori B dan naik lagi pada siklus II naik menjadi kategori A. Untuk nilai rata-rata kondisi awal kategori E naik pada siklus I menjadi kategori C dan naik lagi pada siklus II menjadi rerata kategori B. Indikator kinerja  pada kondisi awal rata-rata mencapai klasifikasi E, kondisi hasil siklus I indikator kinerja  rerata meningkat  mencapai klasifikasi C, dan  kondisi hasil siklus II indikator kinerja dengan rerata mencapai klasifikasi B, Terjadi peningkatan dari kondisi awal sampai siklus II sebesar 3,4 – 1,73 = 1,67. Data empirik hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui bimbingan simulasi dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru menggunakan alat peraga dalam pembelajaran sekolah tersebut.
UPAYA PENGEMBANGAN MORAL MELALUI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER MAHASISWA CIVITAS AKADEMIKA DI ERA GLOBALISASI
Authors: Naeheli Sefrianus , Sariyatun Sariyatun , Ediyono Suryo
Published: November 2023

Higher education today no longer has a strong moral foundation and a noble personality. There are many deviations, whether it is done by lecturers, employees or by students. Through this research, students are expected to get ideas or strategies that can develop morals and character through education in the academic community. The research was conducted using literature review, namely collecting and analyzing sources and facts from literature such as books, journals, papers and theses. The results of the study found that universities as one of the educational institutions have a very important role related to the moral development and character of students. Identification of students' morals and character can be seen from academic and non-academic aspects. Character education forms a positive environment for moral growth.
Kamu Sosyal Harcamaları Ve Gelir-Servet Eşitsizliği: Küresel Eğilim Ve Türkiye
Authors: AKARCA Alparslan
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Bu makalenin amacı gelir ve servet eşitsizliğinde küresel eğilimi araştırmaktır. Çalışmamız gelir dağılımı ve sosyal politika konuları üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Makalenin nihai amacı vergi ve kamu transfer harcamalarının gelir eşitsizliği üzerindeki etkisini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Tasarım/Yöntem: Bu çalışmada araştırma yöntemi olarak istatistiksel veri kullanılmaktadır. Tablolardaki veriler TUIK (Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu), Eurostat (Avrupa Birliği İstatistik Ofisi) ve diğer bazı uluslararası kuruluşlar tarafından yayınlanan bir dizi istatistik raporundan elde edilmiştir. Bulgular: Türkiye’de kamu sosyal harcamaları büyük ölçüde artmıştır. Ancak Türkiye, ekonomik olarak gelişmiş ülkelere kıyasla, yüksek düzeylerde gelir eşitsizliğini tecrübe etmeye devam etmektedir. Sınırlılıklar: Bu çalışma OECD, AB ve Türkiye’de kamu sosyal harcamaları ve gelir dağılımı arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmektedir. Özgünlük/Değer: Bir toplumda sosyal sınıflar arasında ulusal gelirin ve fırsatların eşitsiz dağılımı olan sosyo-ekonomik eşitsizlik en önemli küresel sorunlardan bir tanesidir. Sosyal ve siyasal istikrar sürdürülebilir bir ekonomik gelişmeye bağlıdır. Bu nedenle hükümetler maliye ve para politikalarını kullanarak ekonomiye müdahale etmeye başlamışlardır. Bu yeni tür devlet sosyal refah devletidir. Sosyal refah devleti ise yurttaşlarına temel ekonomik ve sosyal güvenceyi sağlayan bir devlettir. Kamu sosyal harcamaları gelir dağılımı üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahiptir, fakat buna rağmen, küresel eşitsizlik artmaktadır.
Erken Cumhuriyet Döneminde (1923-1950) Uygulanan Dil Politikalarına Yönelik Liberal Bir Eleştiri
Authors: ŞAHİN Zeynep
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, Erken Cumhuriyet döneminde farklı liberal algılayışlara sahip entelektüellerin toplandığı Hür Fikirler Cemiyeti’nin (HFYC) yayım organı olan “Hür Fikirler” mecmuasının dönem itibarıyla dil meselesine yönelik dillendirdiği yaklaşımın, yapılan eleştiriler ve sunulan öneriler dikkate alınarak ortaya çıkarılmasıdır.

Tasarım/Yöntem: Araştırmada mecmuada yayımlanan tercüme ile telif eserlerden meydana gelen seksen dokuz makale, yayımlanan beş beyanname, iç ve dış haberlerden oluşan yetmiş beş yazı, cemiyete ait beş haber dizisi, iktibas (aktarma) başlığı altında yayımlanan on bir yazı içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmak suretiyle incelenmiştir.

Bulgular: Mecmuada dile bakış açısının “hürriyet/özgürlük” meselesi, -özellikle fikir, söz ve vatandaşlık hürriyeti/özgürlüğü-, özelinde vurgulandığı, dilin doğal gelişimi sürecinde kendiliğinden gerçekleşmesi ve dilde sadeleştirmenin bu yönde olması, herhangi bir otoritenin emirleri doğrultusunda yapılmaması gerektiğinin savunulduğu görülmüştür. Böylece klasik liberal yaklaşımın “negatif özgürlük” anlayışının dil meselesine yönelik bakış açısını tayin ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Önerilen çözüm ise dilci ve edebiyatçılardan meydana gelecek bir “dil akademisi” kurulması yönünde olmuş, Türk Dil Kurumunun dile yönelik politika ve uygulamalarından hoşnut olmayanların savunduğu bu yaklaşımın mecmuada kabul gördüğü sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Sınırlılıklar: Çalışmada Tanzimat’tan çok partili hayata geçiş dönemi dâhil Türkiye’de yapılan dil politikalarının ve tartışmalarının kısa tarihsel izdüşümü verilmiş, sadece “Hür Fikirler” mecmuasındaki yansımaları analiz edilmiştir.

Özgünlük/Değer: Dönemin liberallerinin yazılarını kaleme aldığı “Hür Fikirler” mecmuasının Erken Cumhuriyet döneminde (1923-1950) Türk dili özelinde alınan kararlara ve uygulanan politikalara yönelik bakış açısı ortaya çıkarılarak literatüre katkı sağlanması hedeflenmektedir.
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel ve Karl Marx’ın Düşüncesinde Devlet Kavramı
Authors: ERGÜÇ Veysel
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Bu metnin amacı, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel’in ve Karl Marx’ın düşüncesinde yer verdikleri devlet tasavvurunun karşılaştırmalı biçimde analiz edilmesidir.

Tasarım/Yöntem: Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel ve Karl Marx’ın düşüncelerinde yer verilen devlet kavramının analiz edilebilmesi için söylem analizine başvurulacaktır. Gerek Hegel’in gerekse Marx’ın düşüncesinde yer verilen devlet mefhumunun iktidar ile bağlantılı kılınmasından yola çıkarak söylem analizi çalışma kapsamında tercih edilmiştir. Metne odaklanan, metnin içerisindeki söylemin iktidar, ideoloji ve bilgi gibi durumlar tarafından şekillendiğinin ileri sürüldüğü söylem analizi kapsamında Hegel ve Marx’ın devlete ilişkin düşüncesi mercek altına alınacaktır. Çalışma kapsamında birincil ve ikincil kaynaklara başvurulacaktır.

Bulgular: Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel’in Tanrı’nın yeryüzündeki yansıması, Karl Marx’ın ise egemen sınıfın baskı aracı olarak tanımladığı devlet, Hegel’e göre bireyi özgürleştirirken, Marx’a göre ise bireyi ve toplumu bütünüyle bağımlı bir organizmaya dönüştürmektedir. Hegel’in düşüncesinde akılsal bir varlığa denk düşen devletin Marx’ın tahayyülünde çıkar odaklılık olarak tecessüm ettiği ifade edilecektir.

Sınırlılıklar: Metin kapsamında Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel ve Karl Marx’ın düşüncesine odaklanmış olmanın neredeyse tek başına bir çalışma konusu olmaya denk düştüğü dikkate alındığında temel sınırlılık, salt devlete odaklanmaktır.

Özgünlük/Değer: Gerek Hegel’in gerekse Marx’ın devlete ilişkin olarak geliştirdikleri düşüncenin açığa çıkarılması amacı doğrultusunda hareket edilmesi metnin özgün yanı olarak belirmektedir.
Energy efficiency and environmental friendliness of nuclear power plants and wind power plants
Authors: Tarasenko Mykola , Kozak Kateryna , Omeiza Lukman Ahmed
Published: November 2023

The article analyses the energy efficiency and environmental friendliness of nuclear power plants and wind power plants in the conditions of intensive population growth and, as a result, the growth of electricity needs, taking into account the negative impact on the environment not only during the construction of energy facilities, but also during operation and disposal after the end of the term operation It is emphasized that in the process of society development wind generators were initially used only for grinding grain, pumping water, for draining swamps, for expanding agricultural land, etc., and only later, due to the shortage of energy resources, they began to be used to generate electricity. In parallel with this, such scientists as Petro Kapitsa, Serhii Vavilov, Igor Kurchatov, Mykola Dolezal and others were engaged in the development of nuclear energy. As a result, in 1954, the world's first atomic power plant with a capacity of 5 MW was built in the city of Obninsk. It was such a revolutionary breakthrough in electricity that wind energy was abandoned. From that moment, the number of reactors began to grow rapidly, reaching 438 in 2002. But starting in 1969, accidents began to occur at the nuclear power plant one after the other. There have been 22 landmark accidents, including Chornobyl in Ukraine in 1986. No less devastating was the accident in 2011 at the Oganawa and Fukushima 1 nuclear power plants in Japan. After the Chornobyl accident in 1986, humanity again remembered wind generators, which seemed ecological. But in the process of operation, it became clear that they also have their shortcomings. But, as time has shown, most of them can be eliminated by improving the actual wind generators and their optimal location in wind farms. Because all accidents at nuclear power plants are due to the fault of service personnel, atomic power can become accident-free with the introduction of modern smart technologies. Thus, both nuclear and wind power plants should develop, complementing each other to counter russia's military aggression.
System for dynamic prediction of the technical condition of the equipment of a combined electric power system
Authors: Danylchenko Dmytro , Potryvai Andrii
Published: November 2023

This paper analyses the neuro-fuzzy modelling method for predicting the technical state of a system. The model of the system for dynamic forecasting of the technical condition of the equipment of an integrated power system consists of: a simulation model of a solar power plant, a simulation model of a wind turbine, and a simulation model of a synchronous generator acting as a thermal power plant. To perform the modelling, a special system of tools Fuzzy extension logic toolbox was used to assess the quality of the synchronous generator. The obtained estimates of the technical condition of the equipment are processed using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), which results in a forecast of the technical condition of the equipment at a given time interval. It has been established that fuzzy models have found wide practical application in the construction of fuzzy controllers, data recognition and processing systems, etc. Modelling of real systems with fuzzy models is based on the fact that fuzzy models of the Sugeno and Mamdani types are universal function approximators. The constructed model of the system for dynamic forecasting of the technical condition of equipment can be used in the design of renewable energy facilities, as well as in the development and testing of algorithms for control and monitoring systems. The system for assessing and predicting the state of equipment using fuzzy logic can be used to support decision-making by the power plant operator when determining the need for repair and relocation of equipment. The key advantage of the presented system is its ability to take into account dynamic changes in the state of a solar power plant depending on the transmitted operating conditions, which makes it possible to bring the obtained data even closer to the real ones. Also, a feature of the system for dynamic forecasting of the technical condition of equipment is the use of a simulation model of a solar power plant, which has a model to bring the simulation closer to real operating conditions, taking into account dust, surface heating etc.
POWER EXPENSES TO DRIVE A TURBINE STAGE UNDER LOW-FLOW MODES
Authors: Shubenko Oleksandr , Alyokhina Svitlana , Goloshchapov Volodymyr , Kotulska Olga , Paramonova Tetyana , Senetska Daria
Published: November 2023

The task of determining the power consumption during the operation of the turbine stage in the low-cost mode is considered. To solve it, a theoreticalexperimental approach was used, based on the one-dimensional theory of the movement of a incompressible working medium and the results of an experimental study of a number of models of large fanning degrees, in which the working medium is air. When operating heating turbines, the lowpressure cylinders work in the area of low-cost modes up to 85 % of the time, both with a partially and completely closed rotary diaphragm of the regulating stage. When the volumetric flow rate of steam in the flow part of the low-pressure cylinder at low-flow modes is reduced, a sleeve separation of the flow develops and a vortex is formed in the inter-crown gap of the stage. The mode in which the power supplied to the impeller is spent on maintaining these currents corresponds to the "pure" ventilation mode. In contrast to the existing methods for determining the ventilation power losses in the stages of large fanning, the paper proposes a dependence based on the geometric configuration of the stages of the low-pressure cylinder of the heating turbines and their operating conditions. Taking into account the processes in the stage and the data obtained on the experimental stand, formulas were determined account the components of power losses - the function of the influence of the flow exit angles from the guide apparatus of the stage; influence of fanning l/Dmid; influence of the relative width of the working blade B/Dmid and the angle of inclination of the peripheral meridional circuit γm. The obtained dependences, which allow determining the coefficients of power consumption for the stage in the ventilation mode and the operation mode before idling, make it possible to calculate power consumption in the entire range of changes in low-flow modes. On the example of the last stage of the T-250/300-240 turbine, a comparison of the results of calculation studies according to the proposed dependence with the results obtained in real conditions of full-scale experiments was performed, which showed that their difference does not exceed 5 %.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORONAL DISCHARGE AND HARMONIOUS COMPONENT AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ELECTRICITY QUALITY INDICATORS
Authors: Grib Oleh , Karpaliuk Igor , Shvets Sergey , Luka Oleksiy , Kaurkin Yevgen
Published: November 2023

The issue of deterioration in the quality of electrical energy as a result of its excess consumption is considered. Such consumption is due to insufficient supply of thermal energy. The concept of general energy consumption by business entities is proposed. Within the framework of the concept, all types of energy consumed by the consumer are taken into account and a correlation dependence of the replacement of one type of energy with another is derived. Thus, a mathematical model of the interconnected energy pool consumed by the consumer is created. Within the framework of such a model, electrical energy, as the most versatile, can act as a substitute or supplement for other types of energy in the consumption pool. It is proposed to measure the types of energy by its market value, adjusted to the needs and demand of the consumer. Moreover, the dependence of the present value should be adjusted in accordance with the energy level of the surrounding space (seasonal temperatures), the need for activity, and so on. The adjustment is proposed to be carried out by the corresponding statistical coefficients. The energy connectivity model is proposed to be built in volume as a combination of the ends of vectors proportional to the present value of the corresponding type of energy. The slope of the vector must correspond to the degree of substitution of one type of energy by another. Thus, the dependence of the mutual influence of various types of energy consumed by the consumer is obtained. The largest amount of energy in our climate is thermal energy. Therefore, the lack of thermal energy or its low quality must be compensated by other types of consumer energy consumption. Since electrical energy is the most versatile, it is used primarily to equalize the body's energy consumption. Such consumption leads to a deterioration in the quality of electrical energy. The concept of the mutual influence of energies is being developed, in which the concept of "energy consumption body" is introduced to enable visual representation and calculation of the influence of the interconnectedness of energies and the creation of a methodology that allows improving the quality of electrical energy by predicting overconsumption for the introduction of timely measures.
DEVELOPMENT OF A VIRTUAL DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE CONDITION OF INDUSTRIAL UNITS NODES USING LABVIEW TOOLS
Authors: Korzhov Igor , Mygushchenko Kateryna
Published: November 2023

This article is devoted to the research, construction, configuration and implementation of a virtual device for monitoring the condition of nodes ofcomplex industrial units. Modern units used in heavy engineering require no less modern means of management, control and diagnostics of damage tosuch units and their components. The development of the structure of control tools is based on multi-level or multi-stage procedures of transformationsof incoming measuring signals from aggregates. As the structure of the control device, a structure with a two-stage implementation of the spectraltransformation of measurement signals – with a primary static transformation and a secondary static transformation – was chosen. The basis of theprimary static transformation is the spectral transformation procedure based on the wavelet transformation. The basis of the secondary statictransformation is the procedure of linear discrimination with the indication of the decisive rule. The article demonstrates and implements approaches tobuilding a virtual device in terms of creating a block diagram, developing software, organizing the front panel of the device, setting up and carryingout simulation modeling for blocks of primary and secondary static transformations. The research uses the LabView platform. To prepare incomingmeasurement signals from nodes of industrial units, in the first block, the procedures of graduation, calibration and normalization of the target functionare carried out. To receive input measuring signals from units of industrial nodes, the COM port of the computer is used which, according to thedeveloped program, polls the COM port and inputs measuring signals to the primary static transformation procedure. The article describes a completevirtual control device that is formed and tested, which structurally contains all the blocks for achieving the control result and indicating the controlresult on the graphic interpretation of the computer.
ANALYSIS OF DYNAMICS OF VOLUME HYDRAULIC POWER STEERING SELF-PROPELLED TRACTOR CHASSIS
Authors: Avrunin Grygoriy , Podrigalo Mikhail , Zakapko Оlexander , Moroz Irina , Razarenov Leonid , Kholodov Anton , Kholodov Mykhailo
Published: November 2023

Goal. Analysis of the dynamics of the hydraulic fluid power steering drive of the wheeled tractor self-propelled chassis СШ2540 by simulating the operation of a hydraulic cylinder with a one-sided rod for moving the steering trapezoid when turning the wheels and studying the change in the pressure of the working fluid and the movement of the hydraulic cylinder rod under different load modes. Research methodology. The method of simulation modeling is used, when the variables describing the behavior of the steering hydraulic cylinder are determined by certain load algorithms and operating fluid flows, and are described by differential equations. The differential equations that determine the pressure of the working fluid in the cavities of the hydraulic cylinder and the movement of its rod when the working fluid is fed into the piston or rod cavity are based on the laws of mechanics, the principle of the continuity of the flow of the working fluid and its compressibility. The VisSim package of application programs was used for modeling according to the proposed methodology. The changes of the parameters in the hydraulic cylinder of turning the wheels when they are shifted from the task of the control action in the form of an increase in the external load and the flow of the working fluid in the output channels of the metering pump overcome by the hydraulic cylinder were studied. The influence of the modulus of elasticity of the working fluid, which decreases when it is saturated with undissolved air, was also investigated. The results. When starting the hydraulic steering drive, i.e. when turning the steering wheel from its neutral position, depending on the external load and the intensity of the driver's work at the wheel, oscillatory processes take place in the hydraulic cylinder cavities, which can significantly exceed the working pressure. The results of the research give a reason to conclude that it is necessary to study the nature of the increase in the flow rate and pressure of the working fluid on a full-scale sample of the tractor chassis metering pump, i.e. by replacing the flow rate simulation with its actual value. Setting the loading time and flow rate of the working fluid using the map-VisSim unit is more convenient than setting it with analytical expressions, as it makes it possible to simulate different acceleration rates of the hydraulic cylinder and, if necessary, to control the stationary mode of the steering wheel in the neutral position.
ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF THE WAY AND METHODS OF SYNTHESIS OF HYDROPNEUMATIC UNITS SCHEMES
Authors: Cherpakov Mykyta
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this article is to determine the main methods of synthesizing hydropneumatic units circuits and to build a path that can be followed when building circuits with control machines. Thanks to the definition of the main approaches of structural synthesis, namely elemental, aggregate and their combination, the structural organization of these approaches was built. The article discusses the main methods of synthesizing schemes of hydropneumatic units, which begin with a formalized description of the task. The considered principles of building schemes on the first link contain a standard positional structure. The essence of the positional structure and the transition to a minimized structure are considered. Aspects of the synthesis of the minimized structure and the standard positional structure in the context of systems of linear equations are determined. Considered methods using systems of logical equations and correspondence matrices. The methods of synthesis of logic equations and their subsequent minimization taking into account the states of the system, memory elements and output devices are considered. The framework of the application of graph theory and its role in the synthesis of schemes of hydropneumatic units are defined. The main provisions of the application of decomposition methods are considered. The method of synthesis of schemes with positioning of hydropneumatic units by implementation on sensors and non-power stops is considered. Attention is drawn to the application of industrial logic controllers and their role in modern methods of implementation of schemes in practice. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are highlighted, as well as some work algorithms are provided.
Pengabdian Masyarakat Desa Penanggungan Kecamatan Trawas Kabupaten Mojokerto
Authors: Tirtoni Feri
Published: November 2023

Alhamdulillah segala puji bagi Allah SWT, sang pencipta dunia dan seisi-Nya tiada Tuhan selain Allah dan hanya kepada-Nya lah kita patut memohon dan berserah diri. Hanya karena nikmat kesehatan dan kesemptan dari Allah-lah penyusun dapat melaksanakan semua kegiatan KKN Pencerahan serta menyelesaikan laporan KKN Pencerahan ini. Sholawat dan salam selalu kami haturkan kepada junjungan kita Nabi Muhammad SAW sang kekasih Allah, dengan syafa’at dari beliaulah kita dari terbebas dari zaman ke jahiliyah. Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) merupakan bentuk pengabdian mahasiswa kepada masyarakat sehubungan dengan pelaksanaan “Catur Darma Perguruan Tinggi”. KKN memberikan pengalaman belajar kepada mahasiswa untuk hidup di tengah-tengah masyarakat di luar lingkungan kampus, dan secara langsung mengidentifikasi serta menangani masalah-masalah pembangunan yang di alami oleh masyarakat.
Uso problemático de Internet en Educación Primaria: tiempo de uso, supervisión familiar y uso problemático de videojuegos como predictores diferenciando según el género
Authors: Bautista-Alcaine Pablo , Piazuelo-Rodríguez Ismael , Cebollero-Salinas Ana
Published: November 2023

El tiempo de uso de Internet y su uso problemático ha aumentado en edades tempranas, por lo que socialmente se promueve la supervisión familiar. Así, en los hogares es frecuente que el fin de semana se permita utilizar Internet durante más tiempo para diversas formas de ocio. Por otro lado, entre las actividades frecuentes está el uso de los videojuegos, existiendo evidencias de su uso problemático; sin embargo, no se conoce en qué medida pueden influir todos estos factores en la predicción del uso problemático de Internet en estudiantes de Educación Primaria. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar si el tiempo de uso de Internet entre semana y el fin de semana, la supervisión familiar y el uso problemático de videojuegos predicen el uso problemático de Internet. De forma adicional se examinan las diferencias según el género. Participan 319 estudiantes españoles de 5º y 6º de Educación Primaria (52.4% chicos) y edad media de 10.58 años. A través de regresiones lineales, los resultados muestran que el mayor predictor es el uso problemático de videojuegos en ambos géneros y algo mayor en los chicos. Así mismo, es relevante que el tiempo de conexión entre semana sea el segundo factor de riesgo, mayor al tiempo de uso del fin de semana. En lo que respecta a la supervisión familiar, solamente las chicas se benefician de su factor protector. Se discute la importancia de la supervisión familiar y de los centros educativos en el uso de Internet de los menores.
Concept and Implementation of Religious Character Education for Wiser Use of Technology
Authors: Handrianto Budi , Subagiya Bahrum , Malik Thoha Anis
Published: November 2023

The unwise utilization of Information and Technology (IT) has resulted in negative impacts within society. This, in turn, gradually contributes to the formation of highly dangerous negative characters that threaten the moral resilience of the nation. The purpose of this paper is to present the concept and implementation of Islamic religious character education as an effort to prevent the negative consequences of the misuse of IT. Through a literature review approach, the authors found that to avoid the adverse effects of unwise IT usage, it is necessary to alter the perspective of learners in line with the Islamic worldview, especially regarding core beliefs in Allah, angels, scriptures, prophets, the Day of Judgment, and predestination. Other essential content that learners should master includes ethical behavior towards Allah, fellow human beings, and oneself. The process of implementing religious character is carried out through ta'dīb and tazkiyatun nafs, involving the stages of takhliyah and taḥliyah. Thus, the objective of this religious character education process is to cultivate learners who are virtuous and wise in their use of IT.
Can Al-Faruqi’s Islamization Deals with Islamic Economics? Revisiting Al-Faruqi’s Islamization of Economics
Authors: Ma'ruf Aminudin , Kurniawan Adityo Wiwit , Fatoni Muhammad Iqbal , Alam Shahbaz , Hakim Lukmanul
Published: November 2023

This study attempts to examine al-Faruqi’s Islamization of knowledge concept in relation to Islamic economic studies. The paper employs a qualitative research method with the library and literature study approach. The study finds that al-Faruqi’s concept of Islamization of knowledge has put the fundamental principles of Islamization of economics. The concept covers the steps of mastery of the modern discipline, disciplinary survey, and mastery of the Islamic heritage. The study henceforth urges stakeholders of Islamic economic studies to consider al-Faruqi’s Islamization concept in their development of Islamic economic sciences. Furthermore, the paper encourages future research on exploring the application of al-Faruqi’s Islamization of knowledge concept driving the future of Islamic studies.
The Village Industrialization and Civilization: A Critical Reading
Authors: Shahrin Attori Alfi , Fawaid Yazidul , Masruroh Nikmatul , Umamah Lidhatul , Dono Hariyanto Al Furqon
Published: November 2023

This study case aims, 1) to explore the trend of industrialization in Indonesia, especially in villages areas, 2) to criticize industrialization in villages areas using environmental sustainability studies, 3) to analysis and studies till related to village industrialization from the perspective of maqashid sharia. This analysis goal was achieved by using a qualitative approach with the type of digital and industrial village case studies in the East Java region. Data were collected by observation, interviews, documentation and FGD then analyzed using critical analysis. Data validity uses source triangulation. The research results, 1) the trend of industrialization in villages areas has a positive impact on economic growth, but has changed the rural structure from agrarian to industrial and digital villages. 2) Industrialization in villages areas is contrary to the concept of environmental sustainability, 3) Village industrialization from maqashid shariah studies provides benefits from the perspective of hifdz an nafs, hifdz al 'aql,  hifdz al mal and hifdz al bi’ah. However, from the point of view of hifdz ad din and hifdz al nasl, it cannot be categorized as mashlahah, because the presence of village industrialization besides having an impact on environmental damage can also result in moral degradation.
Regulation of salt-stress mediated apoptosis in rice (Oryza sativa L.) with inoculation of ACC deaminase producing endophytic bacteria
Authors: Choudhury Aritra Roy , Trivedi Pankaj , Madhaiyan Munusamy , Choi Jeongyun , Choi Wonho , Park Jung-Ho , Sa Tongmin
Published: November 2023

ACC deaminase (ACCD) containing plant growth promoting (PGP) bacteria play an imperative role in curbing the stress mediated ethylene and associated adverse effects on plant growth and productivity. We put forth here, a new dimension in stress amelioration machinery by using an ACCD+ multifaceted PGP Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 in enhancing cell viability of rice roots by regulation of ethylene emission pathway under salt stress. The senescence-associated protein (SAP) mRNA expression was upregulated along with the associated enzymes in coordinated harmony with the major phytohormones. Further, the ACCD knockdown mutant showed invariant effects on ethylene mediated apoptosis and senescence compared to the non-inoculated plants. Our study provides mechanistic understanding on the plant-microbe interactions that mediate alleviation of salt stress by a coordinated hormonal, enzymatic and genetic regulation.
Quadratic and Lagrange interpolation based butterfly optimization algorithm for numerical optimization and engineering design problem
Authors: Sharma Sushmita , Saha Apu Kumar , Chakraborty Sanjoy , Deb Suman , Sahoo Saroj Kumar
Published: November 2023

The Butterfly Optimization Algorithm (BOA) is used widely in the field of optimization due to its proven effectiveness. However, the algorithm has certain limitations such as poor exploration-exploitation balance, lack of diversity, and entrapment into local solutions. To overcome these limitations, a new and improved modification of BOA, called LQBOA, is projected, which employs the Lagrange interpolation formula and simple quadratic interpolation technique to improve the searching strategy and achieve a enhanced equilibrium between diversification and intensification. One of the parameter of BOA, switch probability has also been adaptively adjusted within a specified range, which enables initial exploration of the domain and later exploitation to obtain the global optima. The performance of LQBOA has been evaluated on forty-five classical benchmark problems and IEEE CEC 2017 benchmark suite. The simulation results have judged against that of several state-of-the-art algorithms, and statistical tests such as the Friedman rank test and Wilcoxon rank test have been conducted to justify the rank and significance of the proposed LQBOA. Additionally, convergence and diversity analysis have been carried out to study its searching behaviour.Furthermore, LQBOA has successfully applied to solve eight real-world engineering design problems. The results have been compared with various state-of-the-art algorithms, which demonstrate superior performance of LQBOA with improved exploration-exploitation balance, diversity, and avoidance of local optima. In conclusion, LQBOA represents a significant contribution to the optimization field, and its use could significantly improve the performance of various optimization tasks.
Effect of coppicing level and Season on stock volume and new sprouting of Eucalyptus globulus trees in the highland part of Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Getnet Ambachew , Abiyu Abrham , Kendie Getnet , Endalamaw Biazen , Sisay Tesfay , Duan Liangliang , Tsegaye Abate
Published: November 2023

This study was conducted in the Eucalyptus globulus tree growing area of Wogera district, North Gondar, Ethiopia. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the mean yield/volume of Eucalyptus globulus, ranging from 78.9 ± 51.3 m3 ha-1 (mean ± SD) to 148.6 ± 54.7 m3 ha-1. Coppicing levels, interaction of season and coppicing levels were statistically significant at p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively. We also found that there was a significant difference in the mean basal area of Eucalyptus globulus, ranging from 15.5 ± 7.7 m2 ha-1 (mean ± SD) to 21.3 ± 6.7 m2 ha-1. Coppicing levels, interaction of season and coppicing levels were statistically significant at p < 0.009 and p < 0.006, respectively. The number of trees per hectare varied from 10682 to 15135 trees ha-1. First coppicing had the highest number of trees per hectare with 18400 trees ha-1, followed by second coppicing level 15135 trees ha-1 and third coppicing level 11546 trees ha-1. The number of trees trend showed a decreasing pattern with increasing the level of coppicing. The lowest numbers of trees were found in not coppiced trees. The mean diameter varied from 3.5 ± 0.3 (mean ± SD) to 4.1 ± 0.5 with the first coppicing level and third coppicing levels, respectively. The results indicated that the mean number of re-sprouts/shoots of the study area varied with different coppicing levels. The number of re-sprouts/shoots increased with the increasing of coppicing level. The highest and the lowest number of sprouts/shoots were Mean 309 ± 87.5 trees ha-1 and 223 ± 28.1 in third and the first coppicing levels, respectively.
Phylogeographic characterization of the ribbon worm Lineus sanguineus populations from the Southwestern Atlantic (Heteronemertea: Lineidae): a true case of cosmopolitanism
Authors: Jordan Dione , Mendes Cecili , Sobral-Souza Thadeu , Andrade Sónia
Published: November 2023

Lineus sanguineus (Rathke, 1799) is a cosmopolitan species commonly found on fouling fauna along rocky shores. Along with the larval capability of the pilidium larvae in heteronemerteans, this species can reproduce asexually by fissiparity. The present study utilized a phylogeographic approach combined with Ecological Niche Modeling analysis to evaluate L. sanguineus populations along the Brazilian coast. We used sequences from two mtDNA regions, 16S ribosomal RNA (16SrRNA) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), and one nuclear region, Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS-1), of 85 specimens sampled in nine locations. Genetic diversity analysis showed more ITS-1 marker diversity, evidenced by augmented intrapopulation diversity values. There was no clear geographic pattern, and the AMOVA analysis revealed low to moderate genetic structuring and high connectivity between localities, with most of the genetic variation contained within populations (mtDNA AMOVA, FST=0.18, ITS FST=0.33). The pairwise FST results indicate high genetic structuring between the Northeast and localities in the South and Southeast of Atlantic costal zone. This pattern suggests that Brazilian oceanic currents play an important role in species connectivity. The paleodistribution pattern demonstrated that probably the colonization occured from the South to the Northeast of the continent. These results reinforce that sexual reproduction and larval dispersion play a vital role in the connectivity of these Southwest Atlantic populations and that oceanographic currents facilitate these processes.
Polygenic risk scores for autoimmune related diseases are significantly different and skewed in cancer exceptional responders
Authors: Kohane Isaac , Chen Siyuan , Tan Amelia , Menezes Maria , Mao Jenny , Perry Cassandra , Vella Margaret , Viswanadham Vinay , Kobren Shilpa , Churchill Susanne
Published: November 2023

Background A small number of cancer patients respond exceptionally well to therapies and survive significantly longer than patients with similar diagnoses. Profiling the genetic backgrounds of exceptional responder (ER) patients can yield insights into the germline polymorphisms that influence response to therapy. As ERs showed a high incidence in autoimmune diseases, we hypothesized the differences in autoimmune disease risk could reflect the immune background of ERs and contribute to better cancer treatment responses.Results We analyzed the germline variants of 51 ERs using polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis. Compared to typical cancer patients, the ERs had significantly elevated PRSs for several autoimmune-related diseases: type 1 diabetes, hypothyroidism, and psoriasis. This indicates that an increased genetic predisposition towards these autoimmune diseases is more prevalent among the ERs. On the other hand, ERs had significantly lower PRSs for developing inflammatory bowel disease. The left-skew of type 1 diabetes score was significant for exceptional responders. Variants on genes involved in the T1D PRS model associated with cancer drug response are more likely to co-occur with other variants among ERs.Conclusion ERs exhibited different risks for autoimmune diseases compared to typical cancer patients, which suggests that changes in a patient’s immune set point or immune surveillance specificity could be mechanistically linked to their exceptional response. These findings expand upon previous research on immune checkpoint inhibitor-treated patients to include those who received chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
B cell lymphoma 6 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inhibition tumor infiltrating CD4+T cell cytotoxicity through ESM1
Authors: Qian Cheng , li jiatao , Feng Juan , Li Ziyong , Ni Yuanli , Liu Limei , Lei Xia , Chai Zixuan , Zhuang Na , Xu Jiake , He Yongpeng , Shan Juanjuan
Published: November 2023

Immunotherapy exhibited potential effects for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, unfortunately, the clinical benefits are often countered by cancer adaptive immune suppressive response. Uncovering the mechanism how cancer cells evade immune surveillance would help to develop new immunotherapy approaches and combination therapy. In this article, by analyzing the transcriptional factors which modulate the differentially expressed genes between T cell infiltration high group and low group, we identified oncoprotein B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) suppresses the infiltration and activation of tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes, thus correlated with poorer clinical outcome. By using antibody deletion experiment, we further demonstrated that CD4+T cells but not CD8+T cells are the main lymphocyte population suppressed by Bcl6 to promote HCC development. Mechanistically, BCL6 decreases cancer cell expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and T lymphocyte chemokines such as IL6, IL1F6, and CCL5. Moreover, BCL6 upregulates Endothelial cell-specific molecule 1 (ESM1) to inhibit T lymphocyte recruitment and activation possibly through ICAM-1/LFA-1 signaling pathway. Our findings uncovered an unappreciated paracrine mechanism how cancer cell derived BCL6 assists cancer cell immune evasion, and highlighted the role of CD4+T cells in HCC immune surveillance.
Tradable Performance Standards for a Greener Automobile Sector: An Economists’ Appraisal of the German Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Quota
Authors: Liepold Constanze , Fabianek Paul , Madlener Reinhard
Published: November 2023

The Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Mitigation Quota is a unique instrument in Europe that redistributes money from high-emission to low emission fuel markets, while forcing fuel distributors to reduce the average emissions of their fuels. This paper presents the design of the German 2022 GHG Quota, places it in the context of environmental policy instruments, and examines its impact on the affected fuel markets in relation to other environmental policy instruments. We aim to provide results that can be applied in industry and policy-making, and to provide a basis for further research, to highlight GHG quota trading as an alternative to allowance trading and carbon taxes. Field research was conducted in the form of expert interviews. Furthermore, intermediaries and brokers were contacted via email and asked for transaction data. In addition, a qualitative literature review was conducted and publications of responsible authorities as well as relevant legal texts, were used to gather information. We find that the GHG Quota Trading overlaps with the instruments emission standards and emission trading scheme and therefore falls under the category of tradable performance standards. However, it also contains aspects of a subsidy and interacts directly or indirectly with several different markets.