bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relationship analysis of compliance consuming iron tablet with incidence of anemia on pregnant mothers in third trimester at the co-endemic areas of Bengkulu City, Indonesia
Authors: Wardhani Zurviani Oktania , Faisya Ahmad Fickry , Misnaniarti Misnaniarti , Ikhsan Ikhsan
Published: October 2019

In developing countries generally, the incidence of anemia in pregnancy is still a major public health problem. This study aims to analyze the compliance of consuming Iron tablets with the incidence of anemia on pregnant mothers in the third trimester at Bengkulu city. This study used cross-sectional design, samples were third trimester pregnant mothers taken by purposive sampling as many as 106 pregnant mothers. Data analysis was carried out by using chi-square and binary logistic regression test. The results of Chi-square test on factors related to compliance, it was obtained that consumption of iron tablets, ANC services, ANC visits, and availability of iron tablets were significantly relationship with the incidence of anemia (p-value <0.05). While the results of binary logistic test stated that the availability of iron tablets was the most dominant influence on the incidence of anemia (pvalue= 0.023), OR 13.95 (95%CI: 1.438- 135.459). It is expected that the local government must pay more attention to plan the need of Iron tablets based on the estimation number of pregnant mothers.
The effect of noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) extract on interleukin 4 and interleukin 10 in Wistar rats, induced by pyrazinamide, ethambutol and levofloxacin
Authors: Subchi Thontowi Djauhari Nur , Andriani Merryana
Published: October 2019

Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol and Levofloxacin are part of the anti-tuberculosis SLD that have many side effects. This response causes an inflammatory reaction that affects pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 4 and interleukin 10. Morinda citrifolia L. produces anti-inflammatory activity that affects cytokines and provides protection against cell damage. A dose therapy was administered to wistar rats for two months, grouped in K- (negative control), K+ (positive control), MI (drug + Morinda citrifolia L. extract, dose of 100 mg/kg body weight), MII (drug + noni fruit extract, dose of 200 mg/kg body weight) and MIII (drug + noni fruit extract, dose of 400 mg/kg body weight). Results were examined using Rat IL-4 and IL-10 immunoassay Quantikine ELISA kits. The ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) test results showed that there was an overall IL-4 difference (sig<0.05); for IL-10 there was no great difference (sig>0.05); it was decrease trend was shown in MI and MII. However, by giving Morinda citrifolia L. extracts can significantly influence the IL-4 and IL-10, with a decreasing trend in MI and MII.
The effects of Tui Na massage on the growth status of children under five years of age with KMS T status (low weight gain)
Authors: Munjidah Annif , Anggraini Fitria Dwi
Published: October 2019

Nutritional problem in urban area is generally caused by food absorption disorder which can be treated by Tui Na massage. This article was aimed to investigate the effect of Tui Na massage on the growth status of children less than five years of age with KMS T status (low weight gain in Indonesia medical record). This quasiexperimental study was conducted by implementing pre-and-posttest design with control group. This study involved 26 children less than five years of age with KMS T as research samples chosen by simple random sampling technique. The results of analysis using paired t-test on the effect before and after Tui Na massage showed p=0.019 < α=0.05, while independent t-test in control and treatment group obtained p=0.065 > α=0.05. It shows that Tui Na massage affects the growth status of children under five years of age. Based on those results, midwives are expected to be able to perform Tui Na massage as an effort to develop the growth status of children under five years of age.
The differences in father involvement in parenting and the anxiety level of 7-8 year-old children experiencing sexual abuse in South Tangerang City, Indonesia
Authors: Ayuningrum Desy , Handini Myrnawati Crie , Yetti Elindra
Published: October 2019

This study aimed to identify the relationship between father’s involvement in parenting and children anxiety level. The variables of this research were the father’s involvement in parenting (X) and the anxiety level of children (Y) using a descriptive quantitative approach. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling which consisted of children within the age range of 7-8 years old who experienced sexual abuse, having biological parents, and living in South Tangerang City. A total of 14 children were taken as the samples based on the sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through the scale of father’s involvement in parenting and the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale. Simple linear regression was used to test the relationship between the father’s involvement in parenting and children anxiety level. The results showed that the significance score 0.000 < 0.05, it means that father’s involvement influenced the anxiety level of children experiencing sexual abuse.
The correlation between parenting style and child creativity development
Authors: Setiyowati Eppy , Hanik Umi , Affandi Mujadidien
Published: October 2019

Many children experience problems with creativity development. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlations between parenting style and the creative development of their child. The study was performed on students of TK RA Al-Islah (Kindergarten). A school located in Patuk, Gempol Sub-district, Pasuruan. The design used an analytic cross sectional study. The population was 32 mothers who had children between the ages of 4 and 5. The data was collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using Fischer’s Exact test with the significance level α = 0.05. The study showed that nearly half of mothers (40.0%) applied permissive parenting style and 56.7% children had low creativity development. The result of the analysis showed a correlation between a mother’s parenting style and the creativity development of their child, p (0.016) < α (0.05). The conclusion of the study was that child creativity development is positively influenced by productive parenting styles. Hence, parents are expected to apply better parenting styles to their children, for achieving better child creativity development.
Elementary school teachers’ perception of Dengue and its environmentally friendly prevention: A focus group study
Authors: Zuhriyah Lilik , Mayashinta Dearikha Karina , Kurnianingsih Nia , Holipah Holipah , Pawestri Aulia Rahmi
Published: October 2019

Understanding teachers’ perceptions towards dengue prevention in schools is an important factor for an optimal implementation of dengue prevention and control measures. This qualitative study aimed to explore teachers’ perceptions of dengue and its prevention in an environmentally friendly manner. 31 informants were chosen from 6 elementary schools. Data were obtained by Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and then analyzed by using Systematic Text Condensation and an editing analysis style. The results showed that the teachers confirmed the presence of patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever from students and residents living around the school. Most teachers agree and want to know about ovitrap applications in school, which is environmentally friendly. However, most teachers refuse to manage inorganic waste because of the bad experience. Engaging teachers in dengue prevention in schools has a high potential for success as long as it is efficient in terms of time and effort.
The influence of health education about the true position of breastfeeding for post partum mothers in the Pepe Village, Indonesia
Authors: Nisa Fauziyatun , Devi Shrimarti Rukmini
Published: October 2019

Breastfeeding is a natural process in which pregnant mothers will be breastfeeding to help their babies stay healthy. However, several factors can interfere with appropriate breastfeeding, such as family income, mothers’ knowledge about breastfeeding and supportive environment. This study aimed to identify the effect of health education on maternal behavior in breastfeeding techniques. The design of this study was one-group pre-post design. 122 postpartum mothers were chosen as samples in this study by simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using observation sheets, and then analyzed by using Wilcoxon signed rank test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The results showed that there was a significant effect of health education on maternal behavior in breastfeeding techniques with a result of p value of 0.000. It is hoped that all postpartum mothers can follow breastfeeding techniques with a proper positioning, ensure proper latching on to the nipples, so breastfeeding can be a comfortable and pain-free experience both for mothers and the babies.
Early detection of speech delay and family factors
Authors: Kurniasari Lia , Sunarti Sri
Published: October 2019

Speech delay is one common developmental disorders in children. The purpose of this study was to detect factors that affect speech delay in children aged 48- 72 months. This quantitative research used analytical design with cross sectional approach. 159 children were chosen as samples in this study. Data analysis used chi square test. The results showed that family factors of speech delay with p value of 0.853 and factor of working mothers with p value 0.245. In this study, it can be concluded that there is no relationship between family factors and working mothers with speech delay. Parents need to give stimulation to their children so it will improve their language skills. Stimulation by using various game media will help children to practice communication skills.
Haematological values in a healthy adult population in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Authors: Oloume Martin E. , Mouliom Abas , Melingui Bernard F. , Belinga Suzanne , Nana Julie S. , Tejiokem Mathurin , Sack Francoise N. , Manga Jeanne , Epote Annie R.
Published: October 2019

Background: Haematological values derived from local populations are useful in laboratories to improve diagnoses for local patients. In Cameroon, these data are not yet available. Moreover, there is great variation in baseline parameters pertaining to full blood cell count among medical laboratories.Objectives: This study aimed to determine values for the complete blood cell count of a healthy adult Cameroonian population for use in locally derived ranges in our medical laboratories.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among blood donors attending three blood banks in Yaoundé from November 2015 to September 2016. We expected to obtain at least 120 venous blood samples from both men and women. Tests were performed for (1) HIV, (2) complete blood cell count, (3) hepatitis B virus, (4) malaria, (5) syphilis, (6) C-reactive protein and (7) hepatitis C virus.Results: We enrolled 294 healthy participants (161 men, 133 women) aged 18 to 55 years. The median haemoglobin concentration was 135 g/L in men and 114 g/L in women (p 0.001). The median reticulocyte count was 60 × 109/L in men and 40 × 109/L in women (p 0.001). Significant variation by sex was observed for the platelet count. The median white blood cell count was 4.1 × 109/L in men and 4.6 × 109/L in women (p = 0.008).Conclusion: This study provides locally derived ranges for complete blood cell and reticulocyte counts for a healthy adult population in Yaoundé, Cameroon. These results can be used pending larger studies.
Job attitudes as a predictor of work engagement of the lecturing staff at the University of Namibia
Authors: Pieters Wesley R. , Van Zyl Ebben , Nel Petrus
Published: October 2019

Orientation: Engaged employees contribute to the success and productivity of an organisation. Satisfaction of basic psychological needs and organisational commitment (job attitudes) impact positively on work engagement of the lecturing staff.Research purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of basic psychological need satisfaction and organisational commitment on work engagement of the lecturing staff.Motivation for the study: Organisations realise their objectives through their employees. When employees are not satisfied or committed at work, it can result in low levels of work engagement, absenteeism, exhaustion, cynicism, low productivity and turnover.Research approach/design and method: A cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data of the lecturing staff at the University of Namibia (n = 242). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses were used to analyse the data.Main findings: This study found a positive relationship between basic psychological need satisfaction, organisational commitment and work engagement. Normative and affective commitment was found to be significant predictors of vigour, dedication and absorption (work engagement).Practical/managerial implications: Organisations need to include staff members in the decision-making process, allow employees to direct work-related activities, conduct team-building activities, provide training and development activities and regularly assess job satisfaction of the employees.Contribution/value-add: The novelty of this study in Namibia will add to knowledge within industrial or organisational psychology, encourage future research and guide the development of interventions.
Interim Tumor Progression and Volumetric Changes of Surgical Cavities during the Surgery-to-Radiotherapy Interval in Anaplastic Gliomas: Implications for Additional Pre-radiotherapy Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Wee Chan Woo , Kim Il Han , Park Chul-Kee , Kim Jin Wook
Published: October 2019

PurposeThis study was designed to investigate the incidence of interim disease progression (IPD) and volumetric changes of the surgical cavity (SC) during the surgery-to-radiotherapy interval (SRI), and eventually assess the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the time of radiotherapy (RT) planning in newly diagnosed anaplastic gliomas.Materials and MethodsAmong 195 anaplastic glioma patients who underwent RT, 121 were evaluable with two separate MRIs during SRI. The presence of IPD was determined using the updated Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology size criteria. In 84 patients who underwent surgical resection, each SC was contoured by a radiation oncologist and the volumetric changes of the SCs were calculated between the two separate MRIs. Daily rate of change in the SC volume was calculated assuming an exponential and linear change.ResultsFive of 121 patients (4.13%) demonstrated IPD during SRI, and the incidence was significantly higher in patients undergoing biopsy (vs. surgical resection, 12.9% vs. 1.1%, p=0.015) and in patients with remnant contrast-enhancing tumor after surgery (15.8 vs. 2.0%, p=0.027). The mean daily rate of absolute change in SC was 1.06% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89 to 1.23) and 0.89% (95% CI, 0.77 to 1.02) according to the exponential and linear model, respectively. The expected mean volumetric change at 2 weeks were 16.64% (95% CI, 13.77 to 19.52) and 12.51% (95% CI, 10.77 to 14.26), respectively.ConclusionIPD during the SRI is rare in surgically resected anaplastic gliomas. However, pre-RT MRI is essential for accurate RT-target delineation and disease evaluation for patients initiating RT beyond postoperative 2 weeks and undergoing biopsy, respectively.
Collective proceedings in the Competition Appeal Tribunal: taking stock and looking ahead
Authors: Versteeg Ricky , Malina Alexandra
Published: October 2019

A new collective actions regime for competition damages claims was introduced in the UK in 2015. Although seven proposed collective proceedings have been brought since that time, none have, as yet, continued beyond the certification stage, and no further cases are likely to proceed to a full certification hearing pending an appeal to the Supreme Court in the Merricks v Mastercard proceedings in 2020. It is, therefore, an opportune time to take stock of the new regime. This article explores the development of the regime to date, considers what lies ahead, and assesses the overall status and progress of the regime. It is suggested that the forthcoming Supreme Court appeal in Merricks provides a welcome opportunity both to build on the significant progress that has already been made on a number of key aspects of the new regimen over the past four years, and to redress some of the legal and policy implications of the recent Court of Appeal judgment in the Merricks proceedings, which risk undermining the important ‘gatekeeping’ function afforded to the Competition Appeal Tribunal under the legislation. The UK collective proceedings regime ought to then be on a strong footing to resume, albeit its development will remain necessarily iterative and cumulative as further important aspects of the new regime are considered by the CAT and appellate courts over the coming years.
A novel approach to the solution of a steady state biofilter model
Authors: Salih Mubarak , Shareefdeen Zarook , Khouri Suheil
Published: October 2019

Designing of air pollution control equipment such as biofilters, also known as gas phase biological reactors, for elimination of toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from air streams require accurate modeling and model solutions. In this work, a novel approach is employed to solve a biofilter model and for performance predictions. The approach is based on expressing the particular solution of the governing equations as an integral containing Green’s function. The integral is then tuned to develop a suitable operator in which Krasnoselskii-Mann’s fixed point iteration method is applied. In this work, this technique was utilized to model the biological degradation of methanol and alpha-pinene. The results obtained by the proposed technique were compared against the experimental data adopted from literature and the originally published numerical solution. The comparison showed that the approach is highly accurate and converges fast with a uniformly distributed residual error over the entire domain. Furthermore, the method was used to perform a sensitivity analysis on the model equations to evaluate the performance of the biofilter under various conditions. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time Mann’s Green’s embedded method (MGEM) is applied in the solution of biofilter models.
Metodología basada en generadores meteorológicos para la estimación de avenidas extremas
Authors: Beneyto C. , Aranda J.A. , Benito G. , Francés F.
Published: October 2019

Una adecuada caracterización de las avenidas extremas es clave para el correcto diseño de las infraestructuras y la estimación del riesgo de inundación de una determinada área. Sin embargo, la escasa longitud de los registros pluviométricos y de aforos unido con la baja probabilidad de ocurrencia de este tipo de eventos hace que, a día de hoy, su adecuada estimación presente todavía grandes dificultades. Este trabajo presenta una metodología para la estimación de las avenidas extremas mediante la generación continua de series de precipitación a través de generadores meteorológicos y la integración de información de varios tipos (sistemática y no sistemática). Los resultados obtenidos en el caso de estudio, la Rambla de la Viuda, indican que el uso conjunto de series sintéticas continúas generadas mediante un generador meteorológico estocástico, un modelo hidrológico y la integración de registros sistemáticos y no sistemáticos reduce la incertidumbre de la estimación de avenidas extremas.
Modelos de simulación de alto orden para la resolución de fenómenos de propagación de ondas en flujos de lámina libre con turbulencia
Authors: Navas-Montilla A. , Murillo J. , García-Navarro P.
Published: October 2019

En este trabajo se presenta una herramienta de simulación basada en la resolución transitoria de grandes remolinos (URANS o DA-LES) para flujos turbulentos de aguas poco profundas en los que la turbulencia es predominantemente horizontal. El aspecto fundamental del modelo es la combinación de una discretización de alto orden en espacio y tiempo con una modelización de los efectos en el flujo promedio de las escalas turbulentas no resueltas. El modelo propuesto garantiza con precisión de máquina el equilibrio hidrostático (propiedad well-balanced) gracias a la utilización de una formulación del flujo numérico que incluye los términos fuente en la resolución del problema de Riemann derivativo en las paredes de las celdas. Se presenta una validación del modelo utilizando datos de literatura para un experimento de laboratorio que involucra un flujo de aguas poco profundas sobre una isla cónica, que da lugar a la generación de una calle de vórtices aguas abajo de la isla. Los resultados numéricos muestran que el modelo propuesto es capaz de reproducir fenómenos turbulentos bidimensionales, proporcionando un mayor nivel de detalle que la aproximación RANS tradicional.
Punta Umbría: la cuarta ciudad de vacaciones de Educación y Descanso en España
Authors: Carcelén González Ricardo
Published: October 2019

In the middle of the 20th century, the pro-Franco Spanish government promoted a new holiday model for the regulation of rest and leisure for the working classes in the country: the holiday cities of Education and Rest Originating with the State’s vision to create tourist spaces, this research reviews the press of the time, to contrast the success of these complexes built in the 50’s in Tarragona, Perlora and Marbella. The results lead us to formulate the hypothesis of the possible continuity of this holiday model in the final stage of Franco’s regime. Revealing the existence of new study cases becomes the main goal of this work. In order to do so, the research shows unpublished documentation of the original project for a fourth holiday city of Education and Rest in Punta Umbría, Huelva, designed in 1968 by the architect Francisco de la Corte López. Although it would not be constructed, a study of the project documentation allows us to consider the influence that the context of the 60s had on that new holiday model in our country.
Feeding the Nation
Authors: Akiyama Yuriko
Published: October 2019

In 1842, the average life expectancy for a labourer in Liverpool was just 15 years. The condition of public health in Britain during the nineteenth century from poor sanitation, housing and nutrition resulted in repeated outbreaks of typhus and cholera and prompted the government to usher in an era of welfare and state intervention to improve the health of the nation.The establishment of the National Training School of Cookery in London in 1873 was part of this wave of reform. The school trained cookery teachers to be instructors in schools, hospitals and the armed services, replacing the nineteenth-century laissez-faire attitude to nutrition and forcing health and diet to become public issues. Here Yuriko Akiyama reveals for the first time how cookery came to be seen as an important part of medical care and diet, revolutionising the nation's health. She assesses the practical impact of nutrition in hospitals, schools and the military and explores the many challenges and struggles faced by those who undertook work to educate the nation in the complex areas of sanitation, medicine, food supply and general habits.
Seeds of Empire
Authors: Brooking Tom , Pawson Eric
Published: October 2019

The traditional image of New Zealand is one of verdant landscapes with sheep grazing on lush green pastures. Yet this landscape is almost entirely an artificial creation. As Britain became increasingly reliant on its overseas territories for supplies of food and raw material, so all over the Empire indigenous plants were replaced with English grasses to provide the worked up products of pasture - meat, butter, cheese, wool, and hides. In New Zealand this process was carried to an extreme, with forest cleared and swamps drained. How, why and with what consequences did the transformation of New Zealand into these empires of grass occur? Seeds of Empire provides both an exciting appraisal of New Zealand's environmental history and a long overdue exploration of the significance of grass in the processes of sowing empire.
Storage, security, and disposal
Authors: Hutchison, Jr., PharmD, BCACP Robert W.
Published: October 2019

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Current practices in naloxone prescribing upon hospital discharge
Authors: Punzal, MD Michelle , Santos, MD, MBA Patricia , Li, PhD Xiaoshu , Oyler, PharmD Douglas R. , Hall, MD Alan M.
Published: October 2019

Objective: To evaluate current practices in naloxone prescribing upon hospital discharge.Design: Electronic cross-sectional survey.Setting: Academic medical center.Participants: Inpatient physicians and advanced practice providers.Main outcome measures: Respondents completed survey items including current naloxone prescribing practices, barriers to naloxone prescribing, and methods to improve naloxone prescribing.Results: The survey response rate was 51.6 percent. Greater than 90 percent of respondents agreed that naloxone should be prescribed for patients with an active opioid use disorder, history of overdose, and use of greater than 50 morphine milligram equivalents per day. Lack of patient education on proper use of naloxone was the most identified barrier to prescribing.Conclusions: Providers agree with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations to prescribe naloxone to high-risk patients. Certain barriers affect the rate of naloxone prescribing at discharge, including lack of time, patient education, provider training, and concern for increasing riskier behaviors.
Opioid-induced constipation in mixed chronic pain patients: Prevalence and predictors analysis
Authors: Samolsky Dekel, MD, PhD Boaz Gedaliahu , Sorella, MD Maria Cristina , Vasarri, MD Alessio , Gori, MD Alberto , Melotti, MD Rita Maria
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Assessment of opioid-induced constipation (OIC) prevalence and relationship with demographic, clinical, and drug predictors in our daily practice.Design: Observational and retrospective study.Setting: Chronic pain (CP) center of Bologna’s Teaching Hospital, Italy.Subjects: Mixed consecutive CP opioid-user outpatients (n = 128).Main outcome measure(s): OIC was assessed with the Bowel Function Index (BFI) in three consecutive visits. Absolute difference and Student’s t-test were used to compare BFI scores. Predictors (opioid compound and type, morphine-equivalent daily-dose [MEDD], and laxatives) were retrieved from the patients’ charts. BFI and predictors relationships were checked by multinomial logistic regression (MLR); independent predictors of BFI scores were assessed with χ 2 analysis.Results: Of the 384 evaluations, 85 percent were on strong opioids with a MEDD range of 11-50 mg per day in the majority (60 percent) and 64 percent showed moderate constipation; 42 percent did not use laxatives while 24 percent used macrogol with significant decrease in the BFI. MLR showed that oxycodone was associated with a risk for moderate constipation. Lactulose and glycerin suppositories were associated with severe constipation. Non-opioid users and cancer patients were associated with normal bowel function and severe constipation, respectively.Conclusions: OIC was found in almost all evaluations of weak or strong opioid users (97 percent); moderate to severe OIC was found in 72 percent of the evaluations. Cancer patients were associated with severe constipation. Macrogol was superior to other laxatives. In our experience, macrogol relieved constipation in those on the combination of oxycodone and naloxone and in those on fentanyl patches. Lactulose and glycerol suppositories were associated with severe constipation.
Volume 15, Number 5
Authors: Opioid Management Journal of
Published: October 2019

September/October 2019
Cyborgs in the panopticon
Authors: Coulter Steve
Published: October 2019

The pervasive and incessant use of smartphones by adolescents has created a generation of cyborgs, as if they have acquired a new sense organ or appendage, and has radically changed for them what it means to be human. Their constant connection to cyberspace facilitates what Foucault called “the means of correct training”: hierarchical observation, normalizing judgement, and the examination. The effectiveness of these methods of social control has been exponentially increased as observation is now both hierarchical and horizontal, normalizing judgement is accomplished efficiently through social media, and the examination is a continuous process occurring online. Jeremy Bentham’s panopticon is no longer an imaginary architectural edifice, but instead an online hive-mind with each smartphone acting as a mobile node in a surveillance system. The prescient science fiction series, Star Trek, foresaw these developments in their portrayal of the Borg, a collective of interlinked humanoid drones intent on assimilating all the other races in the universe through the addition of cybernetic enhancements. Are we becoming cyborg drones trapped in an online web of addiction and consumption, subtly surveilled, certainly manipulated, and perhaps even controlled by our prized panopticon appendages? Or will we use our technological connectivity to revolutionize the way we live on Earth and create a sustainable future?
Yucky gets yummy: how speculative fiction creates society
Authors: Manney PJ.
Published: October 2019

Human biology creates empathy through storytelling and emulation. Throughout history, humans have honed their capacity to understand optimum storytelling and relate to others in new ways. The bioethical concepts of Leon Kass’s Wisdom of Repugnance and Arthur Caplan’s Yuck Factor attempt to describe, and in Kass’s case even support, society’s abhorrence of that which is strange, against God or nature, or simply the “other.” However, speculative fiction has been assessing the “other” for as long as we’ve told speculative stories. The last thousand years of social liberalization and technological progress in Western civilization can be linked to these stories through feedback loops of storytelling, technological inspiration and acceptance, and social change by growing the audience’s empathy for these speculative characters. Selecting highlights of speculative fiction as far back as the Bible and as recently as the latest movie blockbusters, society has grappled back and forth on whether monsters, superhumans, aliens, and the “other” are considered villainous, frightening and yucky, or heroic, aspirational and yummy. The larger historical arc of speculative fiction, technological acceptance and history demonstrates the clear shift from yucky to yummy. Works include The Bible, Talmud, stories of alchemists and the Brazen Head, Paradise Lost, Frankenstein, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, gothic horror films of Germany and the U.S., Superman and the Golden Age of comics, and recent blockbusters, among others.
Post-machismo, gender violence, and opinion dynamics in digital media. Exploring the Spanish reality through the experience of eldiario.es
Authors: Martínez-Jiménez Laura , Zurbano-Berenguer Belén
Published: October 2019

Gender violence has gradually become a public issue and a matter of State concern under permanent discussion in the Spanish media. Its increasing visibility has stimulated social and political awareness, but has also given rise to controversies, which are especially manifested in the digital environment. In this environment, meanings are built and expressed not only by the media, but also by online audiences participating through various mechanisms. This work observes the dynamics of the readers’ views on gender violence, as expressed in a politically progressive born-digital medium like eldiario.es. A sample of 716 comments to articles on gender violence published by this online newspaper are analyzed. A quantitative analysis shows a male-dominated participation of readers who are not subscribed to the site and whose views are contrary to those of eldiario.es’ editorial charter and its commitment to equality. A qualitative analysis of the contents of those comments reveals the recurring use of the feminist-antifeminist dichotomy in the debate, as well as a questioning of the scientific nature, purpose and suitability of feminism for the eradication of gender violence. Finally, the promotion of a genuine democratic debate in digital sites as the one here analyzed is discussed in light of women’s notable underrepresentation in the debate and of the possible misuse of participation as a means to perpetrate symbolic violence against women.
Gas Exchange of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poiret Under Water Deficit and Rewatering
Authors: Alves Francisco Jose Basilio , Freire Antonio Lucineudo Oliveira
Published: October 2019

This research aimed to evaluate the physiological responses of Mimosa tenuiflora plants submitted to variable water availability conditions during the nursery stage. Twelve-month-old plants kept in plastic pots containing 5 kg of the substrate composed of the subsoil soil mixture and bovine manure (2:1) were submitted to two treatments: irrigated (control) and water stress, which was imposed through the suspension of irrigation, rewatering after seven days of stress. The relative water content (RWC) and stomatal parameters were evaluated. The M. tenuiflora plants responded quickly to the irrigation suspension, promoting the closure of the stomata, occurring reduction in stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and photosynthesis. The instantaneous efficiency in water use of plants under water deficit remained high only until the middle of the period when irrigation was suspended, and then declined until the last day of the water deficit. After rehydration, the plants showed recovery in all evaluated parameters, indicating that the level of stress imposed did not cause irreversible damages in the cells and tissues.
Paralarval and juvenile stages as a proxy for cephalopod diversity in the Juan Fernández and Desventuradas ecoregion, southeast Paific Ocean
Authors: Carrasco Sergio A , Varela Andrea I , Ibáñez Christian M , Sellanes Javier , Thiel Martin
Published: October 2019

Southeast Pacific (SEP) oceanic islands are characterized by their extreme isolation and high degree of endemism. To date, most research has focused on species composition and distributions, with little information available on early life stages. In this study, we provide new records
of early life stages of cephalopods based on planktonic collections carried out during October and November 2016 around three oceanic islands: San Félix, San Ambrosio (Desventuradas Islands; 26.3°S, 79.8°W), and Alejandro Selkirk (Juan Fernández Archipelago; 33.7°S,
80.7°W), which are part of the Nazca-Desventuradas Marine Park, the largest marine park in the Americas. Twenty-four paralarvae and juveniles were obtained and identified based on morphological characteristics [i.e., mantle length (ML), chromatophore patterns, number and shape of suckers
on arms and tentacles] and DNA barcoding [i.e., mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences]. Six families were recorded, including Brachioteuthidae, Onychoteuthidae, Tremoctopodidae, Octopodidae, Octopoteuthidae, and Lycoteuthidae. Most individuals (92%) corresponded
to larger stages of 4–12 mm ML (Brachioteuthidae, Onychoteuthidae, Tremoctopodidae, and Lycoteuthidae), and 8% were newly hatched paralarvae of around 1 mm ML (Octopodidae and Octopoteuthidae). The DNA barcoding approach validated the identity of Brachioteuthis sp., Onykia
aff. robsoni , Octopus mimus, and Tremoctopus sp., with two specific identities (Octopoteuthidae and Lycoteuthis sp.) remaining to be evaluated. ese records provide new information on cephalopod diversity and distribution around SEP islands, adding to the current
knowledge about zoogeographic patterns of this group and evidencing their potential relationships with continental or nearby habitats.
Teaching Teachers for Brazilian Universities: A Content Analysis of Scientific Publications Focused on the Sustainability of Stricto Sensu Programs
Authors: Gavioli Lilian , Mourão Paulo Reis
Published: October 2019

After more than four decades of post-graduate programs in Brazil focused on the preparation of teachers – the Stricto and Lato Sensu programs – we have verified a gearing frequency of academic works that reflect on these programs. Through a bibliometric analysis and a content analysis of scientific publications focused on the Stricto Sensu programs we conclude that the current stage of research development shows that these programs are associated with a concentrated focus on research and that pedagogical preparation is being made secondary. The methodology used was qualitative, data from the Brazilian Platform for Higher Education Personnel Improvement Coordination (CAPES) and the Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) were used and analyzed using the Iramuteq software.The results showed that since the 2000s the number of doctoral theses and master's dissertations has grown and the area with the most publications refers to the health sciences.This bias motivates an accessory debate as well as revealing the implications of the focus of these programs.
Insects as a source of nutrients in animal feed
Authors: Kowalska Dorota
Published: October 2019

Global production of compound feed in 2018 was 1.103 billion tonnes, which was an increase of 3% compared to 2017. To meet the needs of the growing livestock population, a further increase in compound feed production is necessary. The need for new, alternative nutrient sources for feed production, in order to meet the anticipated consumer demand for animal products, has led to an increase in research on the potential uses and effects of insect-derived products, such as whole insects or insect meals and oils. Insects appear to be one of the most promising alternatives to nutrient sources such as soybean and fish meal, commonly used in feed for livestock and aquaculture. The purpose of the review was to present the currently available literature on the use of insects as feed in livestock production and to systematize it in one easy-to-read document. Particular focus has been placed on the use of insect products for animals such as poultry, rabbits and pigs, as well as their effect on productivity, nutrient digestibility, performance, and product quality. The results of numerous studies suggest that insects can be a source of nutrients in feed for poultry, rabbits and pigs.
An attempt to develop a method for determining the typical chemical composition of the milk of Polish Holstein-Friesian cows – a proposal
Authors: Guliński Piotr , Kłopotowska Anna
Published: October 2019

The aim of this paper is to develop a method for determining the typical chemical composition of the milk of Polish Holstein-Friesian (PHF) cows. The paper uses data collected from 1329 test-day milking records from 20 herds of PHF dairy cattle in Sokołów County, from 2009 to 2015. The effect of the following factors on the chemical composition of milk was determined: lactation stage (15 one-month stages); age of cows (lactations 1, 2, 3–4, and 5–7); genotype (share of PHF breed: less than 50%, 50–75%, 75–82.5% and more than 82.5%); somatic cell count (SCC) in 1 ml of milk (in thousands: 0–200, 200–400, 400–1000 and more than 1000); feeding level (fat to protein (F/P) ratio): ≤1.0, 1.0–1.4, 1.4–1.7 and >1.7); calving season (autumn/winter, spring/summer) and daily milk yield (milk yield in kg: ≤15, 15–25, 25–35 and >35). Nutrition and udder health status were found to be the main factors influencing the chemical composition of milk. For selected cows with optimally balanced feed rations (F/P ratio in milk from 1.1 to 1.4) and a low somatic cell count (SCC ≤200,000/ml), daily yield was the main factor affecting the chemical composition of the milk. It was also concluded that government and scientific publications on the PHF breed should take into account the impact of the F/P ratio, SCC and yield of milk on its composition.
Assessment of Universities’ and Higher Education Centers’ Preparedness for Successful Establishment of Enterprise Resource Planning Based on SWARA Method
Authors: Taghavi Fatemeh , Antucheviciene Jurgita , Yaghobian Seyyed Aria
Published: October 2019

Regarding existing pressures for effectiveness and performance improvement, there is a steep rise for the establishment of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). Unfortunately, failure rate for successful ERP establishment is high. Thereupon, evaluation of organizations’ preparedness to ensure organizational capabilities aimed at reaching desired outcomes is of paramount importance. The current research is intended to suggest Step-wise Weight Assessment Ractio Analysis (SWARA) method and assess the preparedness of our case study, i.e. the University of Mazandaran, for successful ERP implementation. Related factors impacting on the accomplishment of the ERP system were identified from former studies and weighted according to a hierarchical structure using our suggested methodology. After receiving numerical results, the preparedness of the University of Mazandaran for successful ERP implementation was calculated when the final weights were determined. Results showed that motivations required for ERP establishment as well as processes and IT infrastructures are average, while the influencing cultural factors, protective factors, and capabilities of the organization are weak.
Integrated Risk Assessment: Case Study of Lithuanian Family Farms
Authors: Vaitkevicius Sigitas , Alekneviciene Vilija , Girdziute Laura , Miceikiene Astrida
Published: October 2019

This study is designed to develop the tool for risk assessment under the integrated approach. Analyzing risk several problems are encountered: the first one arises at the farm level – assessment of risk in the whole-farm context rather than in a partial context, i.e. an integrated risk assessment tool is necessary. The second problem is related to the dynamic aspect when determining how the risk changes over time and what the main drivers of these changes are. All these problems are solved in the presented research, creating an integrated risk assessment index (IRAI) and testing it in Lithuanian family farms. This index assesses four types of risk: economic, financial, production, and political. The research methodology is developed to make sure that the data collected on the IRAI behavior is as diverse as possible. A model of IRAI variation by farm size illustrating risk evolution at the Lithuanian farms and, at the same time, enabling visual diversification of the dependence of integrated risk on farm size is developed. Hierarchical cluster analysis is applied for identification of the integrated risk evolution models. Assessment of the interaction between the IRAIand output and input using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis testis used to find out whether the type of integrated risk is based on differential logic. IRAI was tested using official statistical data of 1300 family farms collected in 2004–2013 for institutional purposes. The testing revealed that the designed IRAI allows identifying types of farms by their risk evolvement profiles and the key risk (s) acting on the farm in the historical period. Four meaningful clusters representing the changing pattern of the risk are identified during the testing of IRAI: increasing risk farms; reducing risk farms; relatively constant risk farms; varying risk farms. IRAI can be applied both for macro analysis (at a national, EU or other levels) and microanalysis (at the level of a single farm).
PARTICIPATION OF KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN SCIENCE POLICY MAKING IN EU
Authors: Jekabsone Inga
Published: October 2019

Nowadays the importance of involvement of citizens in decision-making processes is underlined in most recent research on effectiveness of public administration. Taking into consideration that development of science and research is fundamental for economic growth as well as sustainable development, the process of policy making in science should involve relevant stakeholders building effective relationships with key stakeholders. In case of EU, Ministries responsible for science have developed Smart Specialization Strategies for transformation of economies towards higher added value. For successful implementation of the strategies, Ministries have identified different initiatives towards involvement of key stakeholders in science policy making. In circumstances of low public and private funding to research and development in EU-13, the communication with science community has been challenging.

Taking into account all mentioned before, the purpose of the study is to analyse the approaches on involvement of stakeholders in science policy making, especially in EU countries with relatively low budget for research and development.

In order to achieve the purpose, the tasks are formulated as follows:

1) to review the theoretical background for involvement of stakeholders in science policy making in EU;

2) to analyse the best practice in ensuring the participation of key stakeholders in science policy making in EU, special focusing on case of Latvia;

3) to provide the recommendations for the ministries in EU responsible for science in ensuring the participation of key stakeholders in policy making.

Research methods used: scientific literature studies, statistical data analysis, expert survey.

The research showed that effective involvement of key stakeholders in science policy making process is topical challenge for policy makers in EU, especially in countries with low share of budget for research and development. Successful strategy of involvement of key stakeholders in science policy includes effective communication at different levels, development of high-quality services as well as development of participatory administrative culture for civil servants.
INCOME DIFFERENCES IN REGIONS OF LATVIA – PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Sloka Biruta , Jekabsone Inga , Cipane Kate , Vasina Sabine Anete
Published: October 2019

Income differences in regions of Latvia is becoming a greater problem for families as there are made decisions for emigration, for municipalities as there are significant reductions in tax (income and property) payers and for entrepreneurs as there are less customers for their products and services: those aspects are on great importance but not enough researched and discussed in academic research.

Purpose of the study is to analyse income differences in the regions of Latvia.

The tasks of the study:

1) to review theoretical background of income differences in context of regional development;

2) to review existing research of income differences in the regions in EU;

3) to analyse problems of income indifferences in the regions of Latvia.

Research methods used in preparation of the paper: scientific publication and previous conducted research results analysis, analysis of EU-SILC results (in 2014-2017) and European Central Bank conducted survey on Household income and expenses survey results, results are compared with the results of other Eurozone countries. Survey results are analysed using indicators of descriptive statistics (indicators of central tendency or location - arithmetic mean, mode, median), indicators of variability (indicators of dispersion - range, standard deviation and standard error of mean), cross-tabulations for regions in Latvia, for household members, for urban – rural living and analysis of variance - ANOVA are used. The results of analysis have indicated different challenges for decision makers on different levels.