bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of a Rat Diet Without Added Cu on Redox Status in Tissues and Epigenetic Changes in the Brain
Authors: Ognik Katarzyna , Tutaj Krzysztof , Cholewińska Ewelina , Cendrowska-Pinkosz Monika , Dworzański Wojciech , Dworzańska Anna , Juśkiewicz Jerzy
Published: November 2019

The aim of the study was to determine whether feeding rats a diet without added Cu increases oxidation of macromolecules in tissues, as well as epigenetic changes in the brain. The rats were divided into two groups: the Cu-6.5 group which was fed a diet with a standard content of Cu in mineral mixture – 6.5 mg Cu from CuCO3 per kg of diet; and the Cu-0 group which was fed a diet with a mineral mix without Cu supplementation. At the end of the experiment the rats were weighed and blood samples were collected. Finally, the rats were euthanized and then the liver, small intestine, spleen, kidneys, heart, brain, lung, testes and leg muscles were removed and weighed. In the blood of Cu-0 rats the lower Cp activity and greater GPx and CAT activity than in Cu-6.5 rats were noticed. In the liver, lungs, heart and testes of Cu-0 rats, a decreased content of Cu were noticed. Application of Cu-0 diets resulted in increased LOOH level in the small intestine, liver, and heart, as well as increased MDA content in the liver, spleen, lungs, brain and testes. The Cu-0 treatment caused a decrease in SOD activity in the heart, lungs and testes of the rats and a decrease in CAT activity in the small intestine. In the brain and testes of rats from the Cu-0 treatment, lower content of GSH + GSSG was observed. The brain of rats from the Cu-0 treatment showed an increase in the level of PCs, 8-OHdG, Casp 8 and DNA methylation. The research has shown that a deficiency of Cu in the diet impairs the body’s antioxidant defences, which in turn leads to increased lipid oxidation in the liver, small intestinal wall, heart, spleen, lungs, brain and testes, as well as to oxidation of proteins and DNA in the brain. A deficiency of Cu in the diet also increases methylation of cytosine in the brain.
Predicting forest stand variables from airborne LiDAR data using a tree detection method in Central European forests
Authors: Sačkov Ivan , Scheer Ľubomír , Bucha Tomáš
Published: November 2019

In this study, the individual tree detection approach (ITD) was used to estimate forest stand variables, such as mean height, mean diameter, and total volume. Specifically, we applied the multisource-based method implemented in reFLex software (National Forest Centre, Slovakia) which uses all the information contained in the original point cloud and a priori information. For the accuracy assessment, four reference forest stands with different types of species mixture and the area of 7.5 ha were selected and measured. Furthermore, independent measurements of 1 372 trees were made for the construction of allometric models. The author’s ITD-based method provided slightly more accurate estimations for stands with substantial or moderate dominance of coniferous trees. However, no statistically significant effect of species mix on the overall accuracy was confirmed (p < 0.05). The root mean square error did not exceed 1.9 m for mean height, 3.0 cm for mean diameter, and 12.88 m3 ha−1 for total volume.
Changes in growth caused by climate change and other limiting factors in time affect the optimal equilibrium of close-to-nature forest management
Authors: Rößiger Gerhard , Kulla Ladislav , Bošeľa Michal
Published: November 2019

Historical radial increment data based on tree ring analyses from the close-to-nature experimental forest management unit Smolnícka Osada in Central Slovakia were used for retrospective modelling of changes in forest dynamics to estimate the sensitivity of management planning goals under climate change. Four example years representing historical periods with typically different species-specific patterns of radial increment in mixed beech-fir-spruce forest (1910, 1950, 1980, and 2014) served as virtual starting points for the modelling. An advanced density-dependent matrix transition model was utilised for modelling stand dynamics. An integrated tool for nonlinear financial optimisation searched for an optimal management equilibrium. In addition to transition probabilities adjusted from increment data, some assumptions for changes in ingrowth and mortality related to the increment, as well as a case study concerning the reduced ingrowth changed by game browsing intensity, were tested for modelling more realistic historical ecological conditions. The sensitivity study revealed changes in the optimal management equilibrium represented by optimal basal area, tree species composition, diameter distribution and target harvest diameter over time due to the adapted ecological modelling. The main lesson of the past for the future is to avoid placing too much trust in the simple extrapolation of current trends, such as the observed continual decline in spruce related to climate change, but to be aware of temporal and possibly reversible processes, such as the observed extensive fir recovery after the reduction of air pollution. Tree species diversity appears to be the best option for the uncertain future.
Notes on variation in the baculum of Martes foina from Czech Silesia, Czech Republic (Carnivora: Mustelidae)
Authors: Čanády Alexander , Onderková Anna
Published: November 2019

In this study we investigated variation in the baculum of the stone marten Martes foina from the Czech part of Silesia (north-eastern Czech Republic). The aim of this study was to assess quantitative characteristics of the baculum size, relationships between measurements and description of the variability in baculum morphology. The study presents the morphological variation in six dimensional traits of the baculum based on an analysis of 15 specimens collected in the vicinity of Opava and deposited at the Šariš Museum Bardejov (Slovakia). The descriptive statistics revealed size variation of the bacula, while the statictic analysis (PCA) showed a strong positive correlation between morphological traits of the body and baculum.
Sicista betulina in collection of the Šariš Museum Bardejov, Slovakia (Rodentia: Zapodidae)
Authors: Čanády Alexander
Published: November 2019

The paper presents data on Sicista betulina available in the collection of the Šariš Museum Bardejov. Three specimens of S. betulina were collected by Tibor Weisz in the Ľubochnianska dolina Valley, Veľka Fatra Mts., in 1982. An existence of a fourth specimen is indicated in the card index of the museum. It represents the first record of S. betulina from the Čergov Mts., north-eastern Slovakia. This individual is an adult male caught by F. Mészáros and T. Weisz at Hertník (1057 m a. s. l.) on 12 June 1982.
Body weight, dentition and longevity in Equus przewalskii kept in the Prague Zoo (Perissodactyla: Equidae)
Authors: Volf Jiří
Published: November 2019

The survival rate in ungulates is limited by tooth-abrasion that makes it difficult for senescent individuals to feed effectively. I examined correlation between age, body weight and dentition condition in the Przewalski’s horses (Equus przewalskii) kept in the Prague Zoo. The body weight of thirty adult horses aged 2–25 years ranged 250–300 kg. The individuals older than 30 years showed a significant loss in body weight up to one third of the normal condition. However, the weight loss was less pronounced in alpha individuals. For example, the stallion “Uran” weighted 270 kg even after he reached the age of 30 years. The weight loss in senescent individuals was generally correlated with pathological changes in dentition caused by gradual abrasion of the teeth. On the contrary, only six individuals (less than 3%) kept in the Prague Zoo lived longer than 30 years, although the mare “Verona” reached the age of almost 37 years which is the highest age ever recorded in the Przewalski’s horse. Anyway, the tooth-abrasion is an important factor leading to body weight loss in the majority of the senescent Przewalski’s horses.
First records of bats from four Dodecanese islands, Greece (Chiroptera)
Authors: Benda Petr , Uhrin Marcel
Published: November 2019

Bats of four islands of the Dodecanese Archipelago (Astypalea, Kalymnos, Symi, Megisti) were studied for the first time. The bat fauna of these islands comprises eleven species and the faunas of the particular islands are composed of five (on Astypalea) to nine (on Symi) species. Three species of bats, Rhinolophus blasii, Pipistrellus pipistrellus and P. kuhlii, were found in all four islands, two species, Hypsugo savii and Tadarida teniotis in three islands, and Eptesicus anatolicus and Plecotus kolombatovici in two islands. The remaining four species, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Myotis blythii, M. emarginatus, and Miniopterus schreibersii, are known from only one island each.
Mammals of the Plánický hřeben ridge, south-western Bohemia, Czech Republic
Authors: Červený Jaroslav , Bufka Luděk , Husinec Václav , Bešťák Jiří
Published: November 2019

We report on the results of a short-term research of mammals of the Plánický hřeben ridge, a mountain range in south-western Bohemia. Altogether, 62 species of mammals (68.1% of the mammalian fauna of the Czech Republic) have been recorded (eight eulipotyphlans, 18 bats, 15 rodents, 13 carnivores, seven artiodactylians, and one lagomorph). In total, 261 individuals of 15 species of small mammals were recorded at 10 localities: Sorex araneus (41 inds., D=17.7%, F=100%), S. minutus (22 inds., D=8.4%, F=90%), Neomys fodiens (14 inds., D=5.4%, F=50%), N. anomalus (6 inds., D=2.3%, F=30%), Crocidura suaveolens (1 ind., D=0.4%, F=10%), C. leucodon (1 ind., D=1.2%, F=20%), Talpa europaea (2 ind., D=0.8%, F=20%), Clethrionomys glareolus (37 inds., D=14.2%, F=90%), Arvicola amphibius (2 inds., D=0.8%, F=20%), Microtus arvalis (50 inds., D=19.2%, F=70%), M. agrestis (47 inds., D=18.0%, F=80%), M. subterraneus (6 inds., D=2.3%, F=30%), Apodemus sylvaticus (17 inds., D=6.5%, F=80%), A. flavicollis (11 inds., D=4.2%, F=60%), and Micromys minutus (2 inds., D=0.8%, F=20%). Eighteen species of bats were netted at 10 localities: Myotis myotis (F=60%), M. bechsteinii (F=30%), M. nattereri (F=60%), M. mystacinus (F=70%), M. brandtii (F=30%), M. alcathoe (F=10%), M. daubentonii (F=90%), Eptesicus serotinus (F=20%), E. nilssonii (F=40%), Pipistrellus pipistrellus (F=80%), P. pygmaeus (F=40%), P. nathusii (F=40%), Nyctalus noctula (F=40%), N. leisleri (F=30%), Vespertilio murinus (F=20%), Barbastella barbastellus (F=20%), Plecotus auritus (F=50%), and P. austriacus (F=10%). Larger mammals of 15 species were monitored by camera traps at 10 localities: Mustela erminea (F=10%), Martes martes (F=60%), M. foina (F=80%), Meles meles (F=60%), Lutra lutra (F=10%), Vulpes vulpes (F=100%), Nyctereutes procyonoides (F=10%), Lynx lynx (F=20%), Sus scrofa (F=100%), Capreolus capreolus (F=100%), Cervus elaphus (F=70%), C. nippon (F=50%), Dama dama (F=70%), Ovis aries musimon (F=50%), and Lepus europaeus (F=90%). Fourteen other species were documented by daytime and night counting, snow tracking, faeces sampling and road-kill collecting: Erinaceus europaeus, Castor fiber, Sciurus vulgaris, Muscardinus avellanarius, Ondatra zibethicus, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Myocastor coypus, Mustela nivalis, M. putorius, Neovison vison, Canis aureus, Procyon lotor, and Alces alces.
Biomonitoring of persistent organic pollutants in Egypt using Taphozous perforatus (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae)
Authors: Mansour Sameeh A. , Soliman Sohail S. , Soliman Kareem M.
Published: November 2019

Organochlorine pesticides (OCP) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that have chronic toxicity, tendency to contaminate the environment, and transfer into the food chain. This study was conducted to explore the use of bats as bioindicators to help understanding the time trend of POPs at the present time. Liver and kidney tissues from the Egyptian tomb bat (Taphozous perforatus) were subjected to the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) extraction prior to quantification by LC-MS/MS analyses. DDT (dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane) metabolites (e.g., o,p’-DDT, p,p’-DDD, p,p’-DDE), PCB congeners (e.g., PCB 118, PCB 138, PCB 180), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), dicofol and sulphur were found in variable concentrations in the tissues of T. perforatus. Their concentration levels were affected with the bat sex and the season of sampling. Liver and kidneys were found to contain 0.39 µg/g wet weights of DDTs and 0.11 µg/g wet weights of PCBs. Concentration of the compound dichlorodiphenyl ethane (p,p’-DDE) predominated over the other DDT metabolites; giving rise to the DDE/∑DDT ratio of 0.82 as an indicative of pronounced decline in new DDT inputs to the environment. Also, concentration of the PCB 138 predominated that of the other congeners. There were correlations between liver and kidney concentrations of OCP and PCBs in both of them. It was concluded that these pollutants are still detectable in the environment; however in low concentration levels and far from lethal toxicity. Nevertheless, these findings may encourage the use of other bat species from urban and rural regions, as well as agricultural and industrial locations, as bioindicators.
Populations of Muscardinus avellanarius in north-western Europe can survive in forest poor landscapes, when there are enough hedges (Rodentia: Gliridae)
Authors: Schulz Björn , Büchner Sven
Published: November 2019

The hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) is a strictly arboreal species. In its European lowland range, the forest coverage was heavily reduced during historical times, e.g. down to ca. 4% in the northern German federal state of Schleswig-Holstein in the 18th century. This low forest cover remained for 200 years. According to habitat models, hazel dormice cannot survive in the long-term in habitats with low levels of forest cover (<5–10%). To answer the question, how hazel dormouse populations survived in almost deforested areas the recent species distribution map for north-west Europe was analysed with a GIS-overlay of different habitat data. Additionally, historical maps for north-west Germany were analysed to find crucial historical landscape elements. The history of a site apparently influences the present status of hazel dormice. Forest cover of younger woodlands is still of importance but less determinant. Habitat tradition and continuity are important for habitat suitability for the hazel dormouse and identifying historical hedgerow systems and historical woodlands can help to find places with hitherto unknown presence of hazel dormouse. Apparently, for the hazel dormouse the lack of forest habitats in north-western Europe was successfully compensated by the creation of a hedgerow network. Hedgerows function as a habitat by themselves, not just as a connecting structure. A density of 50 m continuous high quality and well-connected hedgerows per hectare seems to be a minimum for the survival of hazel dormice in northwest European landscapes. The preservation of ancient habitats and the restoration of new habitats as core habitats and connections is a key strategy to facilitate the long-term survival and re-colonisation of species.
Behavioural repertoire of Glis glis (Rodentia: Gliridae)
Authors: Vekhnik Viktoria A.
Published: November 2019

The behavioural repertoire of the edible dormouse (Glis glis) was investigated in the laboratory using night vision cameras. Analysis was carried out for 106 h 44 min of video records of behaviour. The main forms of behaviour during the active period were comfort, exploratory, feeding, scent marking, defensive and social actions. They were interrupted by sitting still or feeding. Occurrences of biased activity were revealed, in which elements of a concrete behaviour do not have a functional meaning (e.g. grooming). Typical examples of some forms of behaviour are illustrated. In social behaviour, the most common types of encounters characteristic for rodents were presented. From the total number (419) of registered encounters the most frequent were agonistic ones (46.3%), represented by aggressive attacks, avoidances, chasings, bites and fights. Identification encounters (41.1%) were less frequent and of two types: nasal and naso-lateral. Friendly encounters were observed (12.6%) much less often: mainly sitting in contact and allogrooming. This distribution illustrates the territoriality and mainly solitary way of life in this species. The systematization of the characteristic behavioural elements can serve as a methodological basis for experimental ethological studies, including pairings, assessment of the level of stress and the study of behavioural differentiation of closely related species.
Choeropsis liberiensis in the zoological gardens of the Czech Republic and its osteological material in the National Museum Prague (Cetartiodactyla: Hippopotamidae)
Authors: Volf Jiří
Published: November 2019

The presented data are based on the evidence of the pygmy hippopotamus breeding in six zoological gardens of the Czech Republic in 1934–2017. The Prague and Ústí nad Labem Zoos finished its keeping at the beginning of the 21th century due to technical reasons; Dvůr Králové, Jihlava, Olomouc and Plzeň Zoos continued. The respective zoos maintained altogether 75 individuals, 24 were imported and 51 were born. The births were registered in the period 1986–2017: 24 in Dvůr Králové, ten in Ústí nad Labem, seven in Olomouc, five in Jihlava, four in Prague and one in Plzeň. The earliest births were documented in two females which both delivered at the age of 5 years and 8 months. Both these females also showed the highest number of young documented in the Czech zoos (nine each). The births occurred especially in autumn and early spring seasons. The shortest period between two subsequent births in the same female was 1 year, 2 months, 25 days. The sex ratio of the young was 18 : 33 (♂:♀). Of the 51 juveniles, eight (6 ♂♂ : 2 ♀♀) died on the day of birth, four (2 : 2) during the first week and three (0 : 3) within the first half of the first year. The longest age, almost 38 years, was reached by a female from the Dvůr Králové Zoo.
Bibliography of Colin Peter Groves (1942–2017), an anthropologist and mammalian taxonomist
Authors: Rookmaaker Kees , Robovský Jan
Published: November 2019

Colin Groves was one of the world’s leading anthropologists, primatologists and mammalian taxonomists. This bibliography with 775 entries contains all his publications, including books, chapters in books, scientific and popular articles, book reviews, obituaries and letters or articles in newspapers. There is a list of 62 taxa described by Colin Groves and six eponyms.
The Employee Resourcing of Human Resources Management: A Comparative Aspect
Authors: Zhuravska Nina
Published: November 2019

The article analyzes the requirements for employee resourcing of human recourses management in the countries of Western, Central and Eastern Europe and the USA. It is found that the set of documents which create the regulatory, methodological and legal support for the functioning of human resources management as a system is incorporated into the regulatory framework of human resources management. In turn, the regulatory and methodological support of the human resources management system is a set of organizational, organizational and methodological, organizational and managerial, technical, regulatory and technical, technical and economic and economic documents, as well as reference documents, which establish norms, rules, requirements, characteristics, methods and other data used in organizing workplace and human resources management and are approved in due course by the competent authority or the leadership of the company. The employee resourcing of the human resources management system is viewed as the necessary quantitative and qualitative composition of human resources employees in the company. It is specified that considerable attention should be paid to the legal support of the human resources management system, that is, the use of means and forms of legal influence on the bodies and objects of human resources management to achieve the effective functioning of the company. It is clarified that the models of social partnership in different countries differ in the organizational mechanism, norms and rules on the regulation of social and employment relations, the level of the procedure centralization and the participation of the state in social dialogue. It is concluded that the main objectives of the legal support for the human resources management system include the legal regulation of business relations which are formed between employers and employees, the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of employees arising from employment relations.
Relations Between Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Early Ischemic Heart Disease: An Analysis of Medical Documentation Data
Authors: Hrechanina Olena , Isayeva Ganna , Kolesnikova Olena , Isakova Yelisaveta
Published: November 2019

Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia is associated with a high risk of early ischemic heart disease onset and cardiovascular death. There is almost no data about the prevalence of the disease in the Ukrainian population. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of familial hypercholesterolemia among patients who were treated in “L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” due to early ischemic heart disease. Medical records data of 600 patients treated in the Institute during 2015-2017 were analyzed. Early ischemic heart disease was diagnosed in 89 patients. The disease verification has been conducted either on the basis of coronarography data, or on the basis of previous myocardial infarction with Q wave. To identify patients with familial hypercholesterolemia, the Dutch lipid clinic network criteria were used. The presence of familial hypercholesterolemia was suspected in more than 14.8% of patients with early ischemic heart disease. Among these patients, 2 (2.2%) had definite diagnosis; 27 (30.3%) were likely to have diagnosis, 26 (29.7%) had possible diagnosis and in 34 (38,2%) patients it was unlikely to diagnose them with familial hypercholesterolemia. The term “familial hypercholesterolemia” was not mentioned in the hospital diagnosis. This paper demonstrates that despite frequent occurrence of familial hyper-cholesterolemia, doctors’ alertness towards this disease has been noted to be quite low.
NCAA Division I Athletes’ Engagement in Educationally Sound Activities: A Review of the Research
Authors: Comeaux Eddie , Crandall Rebecca
Published: November 2019

Today’s academic support centers will have to forge a more authentically responsive approach to address the needs of intercollegiate athletes in U.S. higher education. This approach must include new and different ways of thinking about all athletes and the quality of their educational experience. This article presents findings from a review of a steadily growing body of research on the benefits of educationally sound engagement activities for Division I athletes. The review indicates that participating in purposeful engagement activities enhances athletes’ personal and academic self-concept and their collective learning and communication skills. These academic-related activities for athletes are conditional on sport demands and the campus climate. The article concludes with an introduction to the Career Transition Scorecard, a data-driven approach to fostering evidence-based practices among practitioners that can improve academic engagement activities among athletes by race/ethnicity, gender, and type of sport.
Restrukturisasi Perjanjian Kredit dalam Perhatian Khusus (Studi Kasus Pada PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Tbk Cabang Bandar Jaya Unit Haduyang Ratu)
Authors: Simamora Ucok Parulianth
Published: November 2019

Bank adalah lembaga keuangan terkait pendanaan dan pinjaman. Jika bank memberikan pinjaman yang tidak tepat, hal itu akan menjadi masalah. Oleh karena itu, bank memerlukan hak dan tindakan cepat untuk mencegahnya, serta memberikan pinjaman rekonstruksi. Pertanyaan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana implementasi dan analisis hukum serta konsekuensi dari peminjaman rekonstruksi di PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Cabang Bandar Jaya, khususnya pada Unit Haduyang Ratu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dan normative, dimana penerapan penelitian melalui studi literatur, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Pemrosesan data melakukan pengeditan, pengkodean, dan analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan rekonstruksi pinjaman dalam kasus khusus melalui mediasi dengan debitur, evaluasi dan analisis keputusan pinjaman, dokumentasi dan pengawasan rekonstruksi pinjaman. Pada saat yang sama, analisis pinjaman (kasus pinjaman khusus) harus didasarkan pada Pasal 29 dan Pasal 30 UU 10, 2009 tentang Perbankan dan Pasal 1243, Pasal 1267, dan Pasal 1244 dari Peraturan Sipil Indonesia. Konsekuensi hukum dari rekonstruksi pinjaman dalam kasus khusus adalah pembatalan perjanjian antara PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) dan Emi Rahayuni sebagai Debitur. Kata Kunci: Restrukturisasi Kredit, Perjanjian Kredit Dalam Perhatian Khusus, PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia, (Persero)Tbk.
Model Pelaksanaan Pemolisian Masyarakat (POLMAS) oleh FKPM dalam Menciptakan Kamtibmas di Kota Bandar Lampung
Authors: Rifai Eddy
Published: November 2019

Model penarapan dalam Pemolisian Masyarakat oleh Forum Kemitraan Polisi dan Masyarakat atau FKPM guna membangun ketertiban dan keamanan di lingkungan masyarakat Kota Bandar Lampung. Dalam Penelitian ini memakai pendekatan yuridis normatif dan yuridis empiris dengan data primer dan sekunder yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model dalam penerapan pemolisian masyarakat oleh FKPM memiliki kegunaan untuk membangun ketertiban dan keamanan di lingkungan masyarakat di Kota Bandar Lampung yang dijalankan oleh masyarakat bersama dengan anggota kepolisian setempat, seperti di tingkat kelurahan dengan membentuk suatu organisasi FKPM yang mempunyai tugas untuk menciptakan keamanan dan ketertiban masyarakat pada lingkungan kelurahan yang bersangkutan. FKPM berwenang untuk melakukan tindakan preventif dengan menjaga keamanan dan ketertiban masyarakat dan juga untuk melakukan tindakan represif apabila terdapat tindak pidana ringan yang dapat diselesaikan secara damai yang terjadi di lingkungan masyarakat, sehingga perkaranya tidak perlu dilanjutkan sampai ke meja hijau. Pemolisian masyarakat oleh FKPM dalam membangun ketertiban dan keamanan di lingkungan masyarakat Kota Bandar Lampung memiliki beberapa hambatan seperti kurangnya sumber daya manusia baik dari aparat penegak hukum maupun masyarakatnya sendiri serta terbatasanya sarana dan prasarana, hingga kendala dari substansi hukum. Kata Kunci: Model, Pemolisian Masyarakat, Kamtibmas.
Dualisme Kewenangan Peradilan dalam Sengketa Perbankan Syariah Pasca Keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 93/Puu-X/2012
Authors: Raka Gunawan
Published: November 2019

Dualisme hukum adalah prinsip yang harus dihindari untuk menghindari kekacauan hukum (legal disorder) dan untuk menciptakan tatanan hukum. Inilah yang terjadi antara Pengadilan Negeri dan Pengadilan Agama di Indonesia, khususnya yang berkaitan dengan Bank Syariah. Setelah dikeluarkannya Keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 93 / PUU-X / 2012, ini memberikan solusi positif bagi perkembangan perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Hasil keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 93 / PUU-X / 2012 menjelaskan bahwa: (a) dalam Pengadilan Agama, penyelesaian perselisihan perbankan syariah adalah kedaulatan tetap menurut Mahkamah, (b) dalam perjanjian itu dijelaskan bahwa pihak-pihak yang masuk ke dalam kegiatan Perbankan Syariah (bank dan klien Islam) dapat memilih forum dan ini harus secara jelas dinyatakan dalam perjanjian, (c) ketika membuat perjanjian (perjanjian) harus  ada perjanjian antara kedua pihak dan mungkin tidak kontroversial dengan aturan hukum undangan yang sudah ditentukan sebelumnya. Implikasi hukum dari penerbitan Keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 93 / PUU-X / 2012 adalah bahwa: (a) litigasi syariah tentang penyelesaian perselisihan bank menjadi kewenangan absolut pengadilan dalam ruang lingkup pengadilan agama, (b) para pihak dapat menyelesaikan perselisihan melalui Badan Arbitrase Nasional Syariah, dan badan arbitrase lainnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif yang digunakan untuk mencari data sekunder yang berhubungan dengan masalah penelitian. Dan penulis menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif karena berhubungan dengan permasalahan penelitian.
Pengaturan dan Implementasi Hospital Bylaws di Provinsi Lampung (Studi pada Rumah Sakit di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah)
Authors: Andriani Yulfrina
Published: November 2019

Pada dasarnya rumah sakit adalah organisasi yang kompleks karena mengatur seluruh kegiatan dan kebijakan yang didalamnya terdapat berbagai macam profesi dengan tugas dan responsibilitas yang berbeda namun memiliki hubungan dalam memberikan pelayanan terhadap masyarakat di bidang kesehatan. Sebuah rumah sakit memerlukan suatu pedoman sebagai acuan dalam penyelenggaraan rumah sakit dan juga memiliki tujuan untuk melindungi semua pihak yang terlibat dalam pelayanan di rumah sakit. Peraturan tersebut adalah hospital bylaws. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran hospital bylaws didalam sebuah rumah sakit, apa saja aspek hukum keperdataan yang harus ada didalam sebuah hospital bylaws dan apakah keberadaan hospital bylaws ini sudah memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap pemilik, pemimpin utama rumah sakit dan pegawai medis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melalui pendekatan yuridis normatif serta ditunjang dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris. Data-data didapat melalui studi pustaka dan studi lapangan. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitan menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi hospital bylaws rumah sakit di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah masih belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI Nomor 772 Tahun 2002, tidak semua aspek hukum keperdataan termuat di dalam hospital bylaws, rumah sakit masih mengganggap bahwa hospital bylaws belum mampu memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap pemimpin utama rumah sakit, pegawai medis bahkan pemilik.
Analisis Perbandingan Putusan Hakim Atas Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan dan Tindak Pidana Percabulan Terhadap Anak
Authors: Hutabarat Marojahan
Published: November 2019

Terdapat perbandingan antara putusan tindak pidana persetubuhan dan tindak pidana percabulan, dimana putusan tindak pidana persetubuhan tersebut lebih rendah dibandingkan putusan tindak pidana percabulan. putusan tersebut diantaranya putusan pengadilan nomor: 72/Pid. Sus/2018/PN.Kng, putusan pengadilan nomor :170/Pid.sus/2016/PN.Kng, putusan pengadilan nomor:313/Pid.sus/2018/PN.Trg, dan putusan pengadilan nomor:163/Pid.Sus/2015/PN.Kng. Permasalahan yang akan dibahas pada penelitian ini adalah Bagaimana Perbandingan Putusan Hakim Terhadap Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan dan Tindak Pidana Percabulan Terhadap Anak dengan alat bukti Visum Et Repertum? dan Apakah putusan hakim tindak pidana pencabulan dan tindak pidana persetubuhan terhadap anak sudah memenuhi rasa keadilan? Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif, data yang digunakan berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini ialah kepustakaan dan lapangan. Analisis data yang digunakan analisis data kualitatif.Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan dalam penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa  Perbandingan putusan hakim terhadap  tindak pidana persetubuhan dan tindak pidana percabulan terhadap anak dengan alat bukti visum et repertum yaitu setiap putusan hakim berbeda-beda dikarenakan selain hakim memikir azas pembaruan hukum dan penemuan hukum, juga memperhatikan dan mempertimbangkan fakta-fakta persidangan, sehingga setiap putusan itu tidak harus sama untuk masing-masing tindak pidana dikarenakan majelis hakim yang berbeda juga.
Kritik Sosial atas Rezim Orde Baru dalam Kumpulan Cerpen "Penembak Misterius" karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma
Authors: Akbar Syekhfani Alif
Published: November 2019

Sastra Indonesia memiliki karya sastra yang kaya akan tema kritik sosial. Salah satunya adalah kumpulan cerita pendek Penembak Misterius karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penjelasan kritik sosial terhadap rezim Orde Baru dalam kumpulan cerita pendek Penembak Misterius karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan, digunakan untuk menemukan makna teks dengan memanfaatkan pendekatan sosiologis sastra. Dari hasil analisis terdapat beberapa temuan yang ditemukan dalam kumpulan cerpen Penembak Misterius yang berkaitan dengan kondisi selama Orde Baru. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: Pertama, dalam kumpulan cerita pendek Penembak Misterius, ada kritik atas rezim Orde Baru yang dapat dilihat melalui tokoh-tokoh Penembak, Sarman, Sawitri, Rambo, Sukab, dan Asih. Ini bisa dilihat dari interaksi dan dialog antar tokoh. Kedua, peneliti menemukan masalah yang berkaitan dengan kritik sosial yaitu Kritik terhadap Modernitas, Kritik terhadap Pembunuhan, Penculikan dan Penembakan, Kritik terhadap Kekuasaan Otoriter, Kritik terhadap Politik Bahasa, dan Kritik pada Kemiskinan. Ketiga, dari aspek sosiologis, ditemukan bahwa ada makna sosiologis yang dapat digunakan sebagai solusi untuk masalah sosial.
Legal education in the Czech Republic
Authors: Osina Petr
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the system of legal education in the Czech Republic. It briefly describes four public law schools and their history. It also analyzes basic study programmes which are provided by these law schools. The third part of the article describes the main legal professions and their prerequisites.
Administracja kontroli skarbowej w zwalczaniu przestępczości w zakresie podatku VAT. Aspekty kryminalistyczne i fiskalne
Authors: Bełdzikowski Ryszard
Published: November 2019

VAT tax is the biggest tax revenue to the state budget. However, VAT mechanisms seem to be a tempting invitation for criminals to try to obtain undue VAT refund. The scale of this pathology is quite large, although tax audit offices have tried to fight this kind of tax fraud with success. This article presents the problem of the tax administration endeavours to eliminate the crime and also is an attempt at assessing the effectiveness of operation of tax audit offices which have already ended their 25-year activity.
Pierwsze informacje o przestępstwie korupcyjnym a budowa fabuły zdarzenia
Authors: Wielki Rafał
Published: November 2019

The aim of this article is to point out the possibilities of using the first information about the crime of corruption to build a crime story, although the concept of the story is not much common ground for the practice of inquiry. Corruption crimes are characterized by significant problems of the nature of detection and legal evidential value, which makes it complicated for the authorities conducting proper investigations in the case. In the present study the author points to the essence and methods of creating the storyline of events, while leveraging the scientific achievements in the field of open source intelligence and criminal intelligence. With such a scheme drawn up, it is possible to raise the quality of pre-trial proceedings in cases of corruption, as illustrated by numerous examples.
Dostęp do informacji publicznej jako prawne narzędzie zwalczania korupcji. (Glosa do wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z dnia 3 stycznia 2012 r., sygn. akt: I OSK 2157/11)
Authors: Wielki Rafał
Published: November 2019

This article is a voice of approval of the decision of the Supreme Administrative Court of 3 January 2012, Ref. Act: I OSK 2157/11. The ruling refers to the scope of public information that is available to the interested party. The court pointed out that public information could be invoices for services performed by private entities on behalf of public administrations. This ruling is part of anti-corruption strategies, based on transparency of the public life, and also supports the well-established case law, which treats public information very broadly. This results in an increase in the potential of the proactive investigation focused on cooperation with the community in the fight against corruption.
Renewable Energy from Finite Resources: Example of Emerging Photovoltaics
Authors: Schmidt Felix , Schäffer Andreas , Lenz Markus
Published: November 2019

Renewable energies, such as sunlight, wind and geothermal heat, are resources that are replaced rapidly by natural processes. However, wind, hydro and solar installations strictly require raw materials that are, in fact, not renewable. Many raw materials are already facing a supply
shortage which cannot be easily overcome. This work reviews the problem of critical raw material (CRM) use in photovoltaics (PV) as an example and explains why supply cannot be easily increased to meet demand. We discuss whether there is indeed a 'struggle for elements' in a Darwinian sense,
which ultimately leads to a 'survival of the fittest' race in renewable energy technology. In the case of PV, the perception of the definition of 'fittest' needs to change from that considering energy conversion efficiency alone to that which holistically considers net energy produced per
emission under the premise that sufficient environmentally and socially acceptable raw material supply exists for renewable energies and all other sectors.
Surface Modifications of Positive-Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Kwon Nam Hee , Conder Joanna , Srout Mohammed , Fromm Katharina M.
Published: November 2019

Lithium ion batteries are typically based on one of three positive-electrode materials, namely layered oxides, olivine- and spinel-type materials. The structure of any of them is 'resistant' to electrochemical cycling, and thus, often requires modification/post-treatment to improve
a certain property, for example, structural stability, ionic and/or electronic conductivity. This review provides an overview of different examples of coatings and surface modifications used for the positive-electrode materials as well as various characterization techniques often chosen to
confirm/detect the introduced changes. It also assesses the electrochemical success of the surface-modified positive-electrode materials, thereby highlighting remaining challenges and pitfalls.
[Coᴵᴵ(BPyPy₂COH)(OH₂)₂]²⁺: A Catalytic Pourbaix Diagram and AIMD Simulations on Four Key Intermediates
Authors: Alberto Roger , Iannuzzi Marcella , Gurdal Yeliz , Probst Benjamin
Published: November 2019

Proton reduction by [CoII(BPyPy2COH)(OH2)2]2+ (BPyPy2COH = [2,2'-bipyridin]-6-yl-di[pyridin-2-yl]methanol) proceeds through two distinct, pH-dependent pathways involving proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), reduction and protonation steps. In this account we give an overview of the key mechanistic aspects in aqueous solution from pH 3 to 10, based on electrochemical data, time-resolved spectroscopy and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of the key catalytic intermediates. In the acidic pH branch, a PCET to give a CoIII hydride is followed by a reduction and a protonation step, to close the catalytic cycle. At elevated pH, a reduction to CoI is observed, followed by a PCET to a CoII hydride, and the catalytic cycle is closed by a slow protonation step. In our simulation, both CoI and CoII–H feature a strong interaction with the surrounding solvent via hydrogen bonding, which is expected to foster the following catalytic step.
Paisagem e a aplicabilidade geomorfológica do conceito
Authors: Moura-Fé Marcelo Martins de
Published: November 2019

O conceito de Paisagem apresenta diversas perspectivas de análise, compartimentadas nos aspectos morfológicos, fisiológicos, os quais podem agregar abordagens culturais e simbólicas, exercícios de síntese, as Unidades de Paisagem, e de forma mais ampla, a Ecologia da Paisagem. Essas diferentes abordagens tem aspectos comuns, os quais garantem unidade e diversidade de aplicações desse conceito-chave da Ciência Geográfica. A proposta de aplicabilidade no âmbito da Geomorfologia adota o cerne dessas abordagens analíticas da Paisagem, buscando aproximar a prática da teoria, fomentado o estabelecimento de pontes entre problemáticas e resposta aos objetivos, constituindo-se como um elemento facilitador do trabalho de pesquisa.
Aumento das temperaturas extremas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e o desvio ocasionado durante um evento de El Niño intenso (Thermal change in the city of Rio de Janeiro and the deviation caused during an intense El Niño event)
Authors: Wanderley Henderson Silva , Fernandes Ronabson Cardoso , De Carvalho André Luiz
Published: November 2019

O processo de urbanização tem o potencial de alterar a característica térmica e aerodinâmica da superfície dos grandes centros urbanos, possibilitando o aumento da temperatura do ar. No entanto, a correlação da intensificação da temperatura do ar em áreas urbanas em resposta a um evento extremo de El Niño é escassa, principalmente no que se refere à cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo visa quantificar as mudanças ocorridas na temperatura do ar (máxima e mínima) na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e o desvio ocasionado às temperaturas extremas durante um evento de El Niño intenso. Os dados de temperatura do ar utilizados referem-se às normais climatológicas nos períodos climatológicos de 1961-1990 e 1980-2010, comparados entre si, e posteriormente, comparou-se as normais climatológicas do período de 1980-2010 com as do El Niño intenso de 2015-2016. Para a análise, dados de temperatura mínima e máxima do ar em uma escala mensal foram comparados. As médias mensais das temperaturas em análise foram submetidas ao ajuste do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, ao teste t de Student e ao teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Os resultados mostraram um aumento médio na temperatura do ar mínima (máxima) de +0,66 °C e +0,73 °C (+1,21 °C e +0,90 °C), respectivamente entre os períodos climatológicos e o último período climatológico com o evento El Niño intenso, entretanto, sem diferença estatística para o aumento da média e de sua distribuição.   A B S T R A C TUrbanization process has potential to change the thermal and aerodynamic characteristics of large urban centers surface, allowing the increase of air temperature. However, correlation of air temperature intensification in urban areas in response to an extreme event of El Niño is scarce, especially in relation to the city of Rio de Janeiro. Thus, the objective of this study is to quantify the changes occurred in the air temperature (maximum and minimum) in the city of Rio de Janeiro and the deviation caused to extreme temperatures during an intense event of El Niño. Data of air temperature data refer to the climatological normals in the periods of 1961-1990 and 1980-2010, and intense event of El Niño occurred in 2015-2016. For the analysis, minimum and maximum air temperature data on a monthly scale were compared. Monthly mean values of the air temperature under analysis were adjusted to the Pearson correlation coefficient, Student's t-test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The results showed a mean increase in minimum (maximum) air temperature of +0.66 °C and +0.73 °C (+1.21 °C and +0.90 °C), respectively between the climatological periods and the last climatological period with the intense event of El Niño, however, with no statistical difference for the increase of the mean and its distribution.Keywords: Urban climate, ENSO, air temperature.
Influência da precipitação pluviométrica na regeneração natural em trecho de uma floresta ombrófila densa aluvial (Influence of rainfall in natural regeneration in a dense ombrophylous forest alluvial in eastern amazona, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Pantoja Millena Vasconcelos , Santos da Mota Maria Aurora , Jardim Mário Augusto
Published: November 2019

R E S U M OO objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência da precipitação interna sobre a composição e estrutura da regeneração natural em um trecho de floresta ombrófila densa aluvial no estuário amazônico. Os dados foram coletados de fevereiro a julho de 2016, em quatro parcelas de 20 x 20m, subdivididas em subparcelas de 1 x 1m para análise da composição florística e estrutural da regeneração e instalados 11 pluviômetros para amostragem da precipitação. Houve pouca variação na quantidade de indivíduos, famílias, gêneros e espécies entre o período chuvoso e o menos chuvoso.  Pariana campestris Aubl., Anthurium sinuatum Benth. ex, Schott, Costus arabicus L. e Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw. foram mais representativas devido aos impactos antrópicos na área. Conclui-se que não houve influência da precipitação interna na abundância e na riqueza de espécies da regeneração natural.Palavras-chave: Floresta de várzea; florística; estrutura.  A B S T R A C T The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of internal precipitation on the composition and structure of natural regeneration in an alluvial dense ombrophilous forest in the Amazonian estuary. The data were collected from february to july 2016, in four 20 x 20m plots, subdivided into 1x1m subplots to analyze the floristic and structural composition of the regeneration and using 11 pluviometers to sample the precipitation. There was little variation in the number of individuals, families, genera and species between the rainy season and the less rainy season. Pariana campestris Aubl., Anthurium sinuatum Benth. Schott, Costus arabicus L. and Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw. were more representative due to anthropic impacts on the area. It was concluded that there was no influence of internal precipitation on the abundance and richness of natural regeneration species.Keywords: Floodplain forest, Floristic, Structure.
Dinâmica Temporo-Espacial da Precipitação na Região Centro-Sul do Paraná (Temporal and Space Dynamic of the Precipitation in the Center-South Region of Paraná)
Authors: Andrade Aparecido Ribeiro de , Pereira Adriane Aparecida
Published: November 2019

O presente trabalho objetivou identificar o padrão de variabilidade e os períodos anômalos de precipitação na Região Centro-Sul do Paraná, analisando seus dados mensais, anuais e sazonais no período de 1988 a 2017. Os dados pluviométricos foram obtidos junto ao Instituto de Águas do Paraná e avaliados com auxílio da estatística clássica (médias, desvios e coeficiente de variação) e com o cálculo do Índice de Anomalia da Chuva – IAC na planilha eletrônica Microsoft Excel 2016. A representação espacial foi feita pelo método da interpolação por meio do Software Surfer, versão 13.0. Os resultados alcançados demonstraram que a região de estudo tem baixa dispersão para a variabilidade interanual, entretanto a distribuição mensal apresenta uma dispersão bastante elevada, mas, de forma geral vai de normal a úmido, o qual se sobressai em relação a períodos de estiagem e que a grande maioria dos eventos, principalmente com precipitação acima da média histórica, podem ser relacionada ao El Niño Oscilação Sul (ENOS).  A B S T R A C TThe present study aimed to identify variability and anomalous precipitation periods in the Center-South Region of Paraná, analyzing month-to-month and inter yearly variability in the period from 1988 to 2017. Rainfall data were obtained from the Instituto de Águas do Paraná and evaluated using the basic statistical (mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation) and Rainfall Anomaly Index - RAI in the Microsoft Excel 2016 spreadsheet. The spatial representation was done by the interpolation method through Software Surfer, version 13.0. The obtained results display that the region of study has low variability for year-to-year variability, but the monthly distribution has a high dispersion, but in general has a sample of normal to humid, which exceed in relation to periods of drought and the vast majority of events, mostly with precipitation above the historical average, can be related to the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO).Keywords: RAI, ENSO, Pluviometric Anomaly, Pluviometric Variability.