bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterizing Overwater High Ozone Events in the Houston–Galveston–Brazoria Region during the 2021 GO3 and TRACER-AQ Campaigns
Authors: Griggs Travis , Flynn James , Wang Yuxuan , Alvarez Sergio , Comas Michael , Walter Paul
Published: February 2024

Photochemical modeling outputs showing high ozone concentrations over the Gulf of Mexico and Galveston Bay during ozone episodes in the Houston–Galveston–Brazoria (HGB) region have not been previously verified using in situ observations. Such data were collected systematically, for the first time, from July to October 2021 from three boats deployed for the Galveston Offshore Ozone Observations (GO3) and Tracking Aerosol Convection Interactions Experiment—Air Quality (TRACER-AQ) field campaigns. A pontoon boat and a commercial vessel operated in Galveston Bay, while another commercial vessel operated in the Gulf of Mexico offshore of Galveston. All three boats had continuously operating sampling systems that included ozone analyzers and weather stations, and the two boats operating in Galveston Bay had a ceilometer. The sampling systems operated autonomously on the two commercial boats as they traveled their daily routes. Thirty-seven ozonesondes were launched over water on forecast high ozone days in Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. During the campaigns, multiple periods of ozone exceeding 100 ppbv were observed over water in Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. These events included previously identified conditions for high ozone events in the HGB region, such as the bay/sea-breeze recirculation and postfrontal environments, as well as a localized coastal high ozone event after the passing of a tropical system (Hurricane Nicholas) that was not well forecast.
Asymmetrical Effects of Global Liquidity and Global Economic Output on Domestic Economic Growth: Evidence from India based on NARDL Approach
Authors: Malhotra Shikha , Bagrecha Chaya
Published: February 2024

The augment of economic globalisation and financial integration in the past few decades has changed the dynamics of international developments. This has resulted in discussions on the immediate and frequent impact of global factors on emerging and developing economies. The objective of this research is to determine how the global economy’s output and liquidity affect India’s economic growth. The period of the study chosen is from 2000 to 2019 (quarterly). The empirical findings from the application of the NARDL approach suggest that the increase in global economic output increases domestic growth. Domestic economic growth is boosted by rising global liquidity, but both falling global liquidity and falling global economic production have no statistically significant results.

JEL Codes: B22, C32, F21, F36, F43
Cyber-enabled influence operations as a ‘center of gravity’ in cyberconflict: The example of Russian foreign interference in the 2016 US federal election
Authors: Vićić Jelena , Gartzke Erik
Published: February 2024

Russia’s cyber-enabled influence operations (CEIO) have garnered significant public, academic and policy interest. 126 million Americans were reportedly exposed to Russia’s efforts to influence the 2016 US election on Facebook. Indeed, to the extent that such efforts shape political outcomes, they may prove far more consequential than other, more flamboyant forms of cyber conflict. Importantly, CEIOs highlight the human dimension of cyber conflict. Focused on ‘hacking human minds’ and affecting individuals behind keyboards, as opposed to hacking networked systems, CEIOs represent an emergent form of state cyber activity. Importantly, data for studying CEIOs are often publicly available. We employ semantic network analysis (SNA) to assess data seldom analyzed in cybersecurity research – the text of actual advertisements from a prominent CEIO. We examine the content, as well as the scope and scale of the Russian-orchestrated social media campaign. While often described as ‘disinformation,’ our analysis shows that the information utilized in the Russian CEIO was generally factually correct. Further, it appears that African Americans, not white conservatives, were the target demographic that Russia sought to influence. We conclude with speculation, based on our findings, about the likely motives for the CEIO.
Complex syntax input: A single case investigation of increasing preschool teachers’ complement clauses in play interactions
Authors: Teller Laurel , Schuele C Melanie
Published: February 2024

This study investigated the feasibility of a vocabulary-based teacher intervention to increase preschool teachers’ production of complement clauses (e.g. I wonder if we can put the monkey in the tree) in teacher–children play interactions. Using a multiple baseline across participants design we measured the impact of an intervention that promoted preschool teachers’ production of four complement clause verbs (CCVs)— figure out, notice, remember, wonder. Based on visual analysis we established a functional relation between the teacher intervention and the teachers’ production of the target CCVs produced with a complement clause. Asking teachers to increase their use of CCVs in verbal interactions with children is a promising approach to increase teacher complex syntax input in the preschool classroom.
The effects of prone position ventilation on patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome after cardiac surgery
Authors: Zhang Yujie , Zhou Wangtao , Ma Jing
Published: February 2024

Background

This study aimed to investigate the effects of prone position ventilation treatment on patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after cardiac surgery.

Methods

Clinical data were collected from 93 hospitalized patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the intensive care unit (ICU) of cardiology from February 2021 to February 2023. Patients were divided into supine position group ( n = 45) and prone position group ( n = 48). The difference in 28-days survival rates, blood gas indicators, respiratory mechanics indicators, and adverse events before and after treatment was analyzed.

Results

We found that within 28 days of admission, 8.33% of ARDS patients in prone position group and 11.11% in supine position group died of all causes ( p > .05). After treatment, the levels of arterial PaO2 (103.25 ± 9.44 in prone position group and 91.62 ± 9.18 in supine position group), PaCO2 (30.26 ± 5.54 and 36.56 ± 6.37), blood LAC (1.35 ± 0.37 and 1.68 ± 0.42), oxygenation (232.23 ± 28.56 and 205.13 ± 31.34) and diffusion index (453.48 ± 63.30 and 395.18 ± 58.54) in both groups were improved ( p < .001). Moreover, the increase in prone position group was more remarkable. After treatment, the respiratory mechanics indexes of the lung compliance as well as respiratory resistance were improved ( p < .05). Moreover, the increase in supine position group was more remarkable ( p < .05). The incidence of atelectasis in prone position group was lower than that in supine position group ( p < .05). Additionally, the alteration in other adverse events showed no significant difference between the two groups ( p > .05).

Conclusions

Taken together, prone position ventilation in patients with ARDS after cardiac surgery improved blood gas indexes, hypoxemia, and respiratory mechanics indexes, as well as reduced the incidence of atelectasis.
Travel Satisfaction of Bus Rapid Transit Users in A Developing Country: The Case of Bhopal City, India
Authors: Saxena Aditya , Choudhury Binayak , Das Gupta Premjeet
Published: February 2024

India's burgeoning population has led to an increased demand for transportation services, particularly in urban areas. To address the growing mobility needs and mitigate the adverse effects of personal vehicle usage, efficient public transit services are imperative. Several Indian cities have implemented bus rapid transit (BRT) systems to address this problem, but ridership for the majority of the BRT systems remains below breakeven (this refers to the point at which the revenue generated from ridership equals or surpasses the costs associated with operating and maintaining the transportation system). Thus, it is necessary to assess the determinants of commuter satisfaction with BRT. The present study aims to examine factors affecting travel satisfaction among BRT commuters. By using structural equation modeling (SEM), the effect of demographic (age and gender) and travel-related variables (fare price, travel time, trip frequency, reliability, ease of using bus service, and comfort level) on BRT commuters' satisfaction and usage of BRT services were analyzed. It was found that while ease of using the service, comfort level, and reliability positively affect BRT travel satisfaction, trip frequency is significantly affected by the ease of using the service only. Furthermore, demographic variables (age, and gender of respondents) were not found to have significant effect of travel satisfaction and trip frequency. The findings from this can study serve as a base for policymakers, city officials, and urban planners to identify commuters' priorities for a well-functioning BRT in India and formulate policies to attract riders by enhancing their preferences.
Screening out molecular pathways and prognostic biomarkers of ultraviolet-mediated melanoma through computational techniques
Authors: Hossain Arju , Ahsan Asif , Hasan Imran , Sohel  , Khan Arif , Somadder Pratul Dipta , Monjur Sumaiya , Miah Sipon , Kibria K. M. Kaderi , Ahmed Kawsar , Rahman Habibur
Published: February 2024

Purpose

Ultraviolet radiation causes skin cancer, but the exact mechanism by which it occurs and the most effective methods of intervention to prevent it are yet unknown. For this purpose, our study will use bioinformatics and systems biology approaches to discover potential biomarkers of skin cancer for early diagnosis and prevention of disease with applicable clinical treatments.

Methods

This study compared gene expression and protein levels in ultraviolet-mediated cultured keratinocytes and adjacent normal skin tissue using RNA sequencing data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information-Gene Expression Omnibus (NCBI-GEO) database. Then, pathway analysis was employed with a selection of hub genes from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the survival and expression profiles. Finally, potential clinical biomarkers were validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results

We identified 32 shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by analyzing three different subsets of the GSE85443 dataset. Skin cancer development is related to the control of several DEGs through cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity, cell cycle regulation, and activation of the NIMA kinase pathways. The cytoHubba plugin in Cytoscape identified 12 hub genes from PPI; among these 3 DEGs, namely, AURKA, CDK4, and PLK1 were significantly associated with survival ( P < 0.05) and highly expressed in skin cancer tissues. For validation purposes, ROC curve analysis indicated two biomarkers: AURKA (area under the curve (AUC) value = 0.8) and PLK1 (AUC value = 0.7), which were in an acceptable range.

Conclusions

Further translational research, including clinical experiments, teratogenicity tests, and in-vitro or in-vivo studies, will be performed to evaluate the expression of these identified biomarkers regarding the prognosis of skin cancer patients.
Teachable Q&A Agent: The Effect of Chatbot Training by Students on Reading Interest and Engagement
Authors: Liu Chen-Chung , Chen Wan-Jun , Lo Fang-ying , Chang Chia-Hui , Lin Hung-Ming
Published: February 2024

Reading requires appropriate strategies to spark initial interest and sustain engagement. One promising strategy is the pedagogical approach of learning-by-teaching, transforming learners into active participants. Integrating this approach into digitalized and individualized reading contexts has the potential to foster the development of young readers. Currently, AI techniques are primarily used in chatbots as tutors, with limited focus on tutee chatbots that employ the learning-by-teaching pedagogy. Therefore, this study adopted a teachable Q&A agent and probed into the effect of chatbot training, employing AI techniques and utilizing student-generated questions and answers, with the aim of enhancing students’ reading interest and engagement. Ninety-five fifth graders participated in a 9-week reading program. A quasi-experimental design was conducted. The results proved that incorporating a learning-by-teaching approach into the chatbot training activity significantly enhanced their reading interest and engagement. However, the quantity of certain question types is negatively correlated with interest and engagement. This implies that asking diverse questions poses a certain level of challenge to young readers, which requires deliberate training and incubation. Additionally, the identification of four distinct student clusters exhibited the affordances and limitations of tutee chatbots for reading.
Career Development of College Students With Disabilities: A Scoping Review
Authors: Liu Yangyang , Chiu Yung-Chen Jen , Guennouni Nadia , Conyers Liza M.
Published: February 2024

Despite the significant increase in college students with disabilities (SWD) enrolled in higher education over the past few decades, they face unique challenges in pursuing their career goals and have a much lower employment rate than those without disabilities. To date, no review study has been systematically conducted to examine SWD’ career needs and factors that influence their career outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this scoping review is to explore salient career development issues among SWD through the lens of Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT). Following Joanna Briggs Institute’s scoping review methodology, we included 48 studies in this review. Applying SCCT as the theoretical framework, we generated five themes from the scoping review: (a) targeted career outcomes, (b) self-efficacy beliefs and outcome expectations, (c) person inputs, (d) learning experiences, and (e) contextual influences. Implications for practice and research are discussed.
The Subject Behind the Object: The Language of Things in the Time of the Crusades
Authors: Lester Anne E.
Published: February 2024

This paper takes as a starting point the slippage between bodies and things as an idea and moment to interrogate an epistemology accessible through materiality. I explore the methodology of materiality, suggesting that one of the major contributions of material studies is a renewed attention to the dynamics of materialism embedded in the objects themselves: those unnamed subjects who lie behind or just beyond an object’s presence, who played a role in its making, its movement and its meaning. To this end, the paper takes shape around a series of case studies of bodies and/as things drawn from the crusader world described by Jean de Joinville, namely stones, cloth and captives (bodies made into things). Attendant with these objects were deeper theological and ontological questions about the role of matter in relation to faith and the divine. The period of the crusades was a particularly revealing moment for the tensions and beliefs surrounding the work of material religion. By looking at these case studies I hope to bridge the divide between intellectual and theological concerns with materiality and the material presence of human labour in things and thereby to think sociologically with materiality. This is an invitation to take up the imperative behind material studies to go beyond words and see the subjects behind the objects.
Exploring the Link: Health Insurance Coverage and Historical Substance Use Patterns Among U.S. Adults—A NHANES-Based Analysis
Authors: Kyei Evans F. , Zhang Lingling
Published: February 2024

This study analyzed the NHANES database (2016–2018), investigating substance use patterns among 6,108 U.S. adults (18–64 years), with a focus on health insurance, race/ethnicity, age, gender, and socioeconomic status. Among participants, 1,063 reported a history of substance use. A key finding was the correlation between health insurance coverage and substance use history; notably, 80% of those with a history of substance use were insured. Non-Hispanic Whites represented a significant proportion (76%) of substance users, exceeding their population representation. Age and gender differences were prominent, with older adults (50–64 years) comprising 41% of substance users, and males accounting for 61%. The study's reliance on self-reported substance use history from NHANES may introduce measurement bias. Such bias necessitates careful interpretation of the data, considering variations across demographic and socioeconomic variables. Logistic regression analysis revealed that lacking health insurance increased the odds of a history of substance use ( OR = 1.43, p < .01). The interaction between insurance coverage and race/ethnicity was not significant. These findings underscore the multifaceted nature of substance use, highlighting the need for comprehensive public health strategies to address the diverse factors influencing substance use behaviors.
Comparison Between Intramedullary Nail and Percutaneous Pin Fixation in Proximal Phalanx Fractures
Authors: Hollins Andrew W. , Dunworth Kristina , Mithani Suhail K. , Pidgeon Tyler S. , Klifto Christopher S. , Ruch David S. , Richard Marc J.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Percutaneous pinning has been the predominant technique for fixation of proximal phalanx fractures, but stiffness is a reported complication. The introduction of intramedullary (IM) nail fixation of proximal phalanx fractures provides a stronger biomechanical fixation for amenable fracture patterns with the added benefit of not tethering the soft tissue. The goal of this study was to compare the surgical outcomes of IM nail and percutaneous pin fixation in isolated proximal phalanx fractures.

Methods:

A retrospective review was performed at our institution between the years 2018 and 2022 for patients treated for proximal phalanx fractures. Patients that underwent fixation with IM nails or percutaneous fixation for isolated extraarticular proximal phalanx fractures were included. Patients were excluded if they had concomitant hand fractures, tendon injury, or intraarticular extension.

Results:

A total of 50 patients were included in this study. Twenty-eight patients received percutaneous pin fixation, and 22 patients underwent IM nail or screw fixation. There was no significant difference in injury patterns or demographics between these two groups. Patients that underwent IM nail fixation had a significantly quicker return to active motion, shorter duration of orthosis treatment, and fewer occupational therapy visits. In addition, patients in the IM fixation group had significantly improved range of motion (ROM) at 6 weeks postoperatively.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrates that patients receiving percutaneous pin or IM nail fixation have equivocal union and complication rates. The IM nail fixation group was able to have quicker return to mobilization, fewer required occupational therapy visits, and improved early ROM.
Comparison of Intramedullary Screw Fixation, Plating, and K-Wires for Metacarpal Fracture Fixation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: DelPrete Cristina R. , Chao John , Varghese Bobby B. , Greenberg Patricia , Iyer Hari , Shah Ajul
Published: February 2024

Background:

Metacarpal fractures are common injuries with multiple options for fixation. Our purpose was to compare outcomes in metacarpal fractures treated with intramedullary screw fixation (IMF), Kirschner wires (K-wires), or plating.

Methods:

A systematic literature review using the MEDLINE database was performed for studies investigating metacarpal fractures treated with IMF, plating, or K-wires. We identified 34 studies (9 IMF, 8 plating, 17 K-wires). A meta-analysis using both mixed and fixed effects models was performed. Outcome measures included mean Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) scores, total active motion (TAM), grip strength, time to radiographic healing, and rates of infection and reoperation.

Results:

Patients with IMF had significantly lower DASH scores (0.6 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.2-1.0]) compared with K-wires (7.4 [4.8-9.9]) and plating (9.8 [5.3-14.3]). Intramedullary screw fixation also had significantly lower rates of reoperation (4%, [2%-7%]), compared with K-wires (11% [7%-16%]) and plating (11% [0.07-0.17]). Grip strength was significantly higher in IMF (104.4% [97.0-111.8]) compared with K-wires (88.5%, [88.3-88.7]) and plating (90.3%, [85.4-95.2]). Mean odds ratio time was similar between IMF (21.0 minutes [10.4-31.6]) and K-wires (20.8 minutes [14.0-27.6]), but both were shorter compared with plating (52.6 minutes [33.1-72.1]). There were no statistically significant differences in time to radiographic healing, TAM, or rates of reoperation or infection.

Conclusions:

This meta-analysis compared the outcomes of metacarpal fixation with IMF, K-wires, or plating. Intramedullary screw fixation provided statistically significant lower DASH scores, higher grip strength, and lower rates of reoperation, suggesting that it is a comparable method of fixation to K-wires and plating for metacarpal fractures.
‘Taking Pictures is Like Treasure Hunting’: Exploring the Therapeutic Value of Photography as a Qualitative Research Method
Authors: Milasan Lucian Hadrian
Published: February 2024

Photography has been increasingly used in qualitative research. However, little is known about the benefits of photography-based research from the perspective of the research participants. This article aims to investigate the views of a group of fifteen mental health service users on the therapeutic benefits and limitations of photography as a research method. For this purpose, visual and textual data from four weekly photography workshops, photo-elicitation interviews, and a reflection and feedback group were thematically analysed. Four overarching themes were identified in support of the therapeutic value of photography: (1) forging social companionship and camaraderie, (2) intra-personal reflection and self-awareness, (3) connection with nature, and (4) photography as an occupation. Therapeutic limitations and challenges of photography as a research method are also discussed. The findings of this study may be applicable beyond the area of mental health and contribute to enhancing the ethical principle of beneficence in research by creating opportunities for personal growth and wellbeing for research participants involved in photography-based studies.
Dhaniya's Anger in Premchand's Godan: Emotion System Activation and Affective Marxism
Authors: Hogan Lalita Pandit
Published: February 2024

This essay focuses on the anger of Dhaniya, the female protagonist of Premchand's Godan. Rather than approaching it as a specifically feminist anger, it sees it more broadly as the anger of the oppressed, which signals hope that the conditions of oppression will change. Premchand is influenced by Karl Marx, and uses narrative emotion to tell the (Indian) story of labor and capital; this essay puts Panksepp's neurocognitive theory of anger in conversation with Marxist political theory, demonstrating how Marx's thoughts on systemic economic injustices can elucidate the “social context” in which emotion systems (such as RAGE, PLAY, and CARE) are activated.
Determining barriers to submitting antimicrobial-resistant isolates among hospitals in Texas Public Health Region 8
Authors: Moorhead Bailie , Shrestha Niva , Newman-Caro Alvin Boyd , Vangeli Sydney L. , Lussier Victoria N. , Grijalva Mark I. , Giro Margaret E. , Jackson Danielle Natividad , Mack Tianna M. , Herrle Zackary L. , Hill Marcheta , Rodriguez Gretchen , Singer Rachael , Williams Cynthia , Nwanguma Adaugo , Merengwa Enyinnaya N. , Pittman Rachel , Sanchez Rebecca L.
Published: February 2024

Background

The Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory Network (AR Lab Network) was developed by the CDC to detect emerging antimicrobial-resistant (AR) threats and prevent outbreaks. However, low submission rates of AR isolates limit the potential of the AR Lab Network to address antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate barriers to submission of AR isolates in acute care hospitals (ACHs) and critical access hospitals (CAHs) within Texas Public Health Region 8 (PHR8) counties.

Methods

A survey was designed and emailed to laboratory professionals to identify barriers to AR isolate submission. Responses were analyzed using 2-sided Fisher’s exact tests to identify associations between responses and respondent characteristics.

Results

Of the 33 hospitals within PHR8 invited to participate in the survey, responses were received from 21, a response rate of 63.6%. Lack of awareness of the AR Lab Network was the most frequently cited barrier to submission (65.4% of respondents). Other reported barriers to submission included lack of laboratory staff time (57.7%), lack of training with the submission process (34.6%), lack of personnel certified to ship infectious substances (23.1%), and lack of laboratory/shipping supplies (23.1%).

Discussion

Regardless of the respondent’s role, time in that role, or type of hospital in which they worked, the most common barrier to isolate submission was lack of awareness of the AR Lab Network. In the future, we will address the identified barriers by implementing educational outreach programs about AMR and the AR Lab Network for hospitals and other healthcare facilities within PHR8.
Serial Ultrasonography for the Assessment of Healing of Lower Extremity Bone Stress Injury and Correlation With Return to Sport/Exercise
Authors: Toresdahl Brett G. , Conway Justin , Miller Theodore T. , Goolsby Marci A. , Geannette Christian S. , Quijano Brianna , Callahan Lisa R.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Lower extremity bone stress injuries (BSIs) are common among athletes who participate in high-impact activities. Conventional imaging is limited in assessing healing of BSIs.

Hypothesis:

Serial ultrasonography (US) can identify changes in appearance of lower extremity BSIs over time that can be correlated with symptoms and return to exercise/sport.

Study Design:

Cohort observational study.

Level of Evidence:

Level 3.

Methods:

Adults 18 to 50 years old with a recent exercise-associated BSI of distal tibia/fibula or metatarsals diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were enrolled. US was performed every 2 weeks for 12 weeks. The sonographic appearance (soft tissue edema, periosteal reaction, hyperemia on power Doppler, callus) was correlated with the numerical rating scale (NRS) for pain and ability to return to sport/exercise.

Results:

A total of 30 patients were enrolled (mean age, 35.3 ± 7.7 years; 21 [70.0%] female). The tibia was most frequently affected (n = 15, 50.0%), followed by metatarsals (n = 14, 46.7%) and fibula (n = 1, 3.3%). At week 4, 25 of 30 (83.3%) had at least 1 US finding associated with the BSI. The degree of hyperemia was correlated with NRS at weeks 4 and 6 (Spearman correlations [ρ] 0.45 [0.09, 0.69] and 0.42 [0.07, 0.67], respectively), as well as return to sport/exercise at week 6 (ρ -0.45 [-0.68, -0.09]). US soft tissue edema was also correlated with NRS at week 6 (ρ 0.38 [0.02, 0.65]).

Conclusion:

Serial US of lower extremity BSIs can provide objective measures of healing. US findings were correlated with clinical outcomes at multiple timepoints.

Clinical Relevance:

US may have advantages over conventional imaging for monitoring healing of lower extremity BSIs. Further research is needed to better understand the prognostic value of these sonographic indicators of BSI healing and role in assessing readiness for return to sport/exercise.
Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG positive cats in Los Angeles County, California
Authors: Honarchian Roubina , Yen Tracy , Ganz Eva , Kang Gie
Published: February 2024

Objectives

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG positive cats in Los Angeles County, California. T gondii antibodies are common in sera from cats in most reported studies around the world. Although the majority of infected cats never develop clinical disease, development of acute infection and recrudescence of latent infection secondary to immunosuppression has been reported. Knowledge of the serologic status of T gondii may be important when considering immunosuppressive treatments.

Methods

T gondii IgM and IgG antibody titers were measured in 225 cats. Sera from owned cats tested at a multispecialty veterinary hospital were included both retrospectively and prospectively (n = 125). Sera from feral cats tested through a collaborating humane society were included prospectively (n = 100).

Results

Of the 13 (5.8%) cats with IgM titers, 10 were positive at the minimal cut-off titer (1:64), one cat was clinically ill and none were currently positive for IgG antibodies, suggesting false-positive results for nine cats, giving an adjusted IgM prevalence rate of 1.8% (95% CI 0.7–4.5). A total of five (2.2%) cats were positive for IgG antibodies and no cat was positive for both antibodies.

Conclusions and relevance

Most studies of T gondii antibodies in cat sera from California have shown higher prevalence rates, suggesting the cats in this municipality have a low risk of exposure. The study emphasizes that serological test results do not necessarily correlate to the presence of clinical illness.
Experiences of physiotherapists considering virtual reality for shoulder rehabilitation: A focus group study
Authors: Dejaco Beate , Brady Niamh , Tankink Anne , Lewis Jeremy , van Goor Harry , Staal J Bart , Stolwijk Niki
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Shoulder pain is common and associated with substantial morbidity. Different treatment strategies are being prescribed with equivocal results. Virtual reality (VR) is a novel technology and emerging research suggests that VR may be a promising alternative to current treatments. Prior to effectiveness research or any large-scale introduction, VR-applications require appropriate scrutiny including feasibility- and acceptability of clinicians and patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to collect experiences of physiotherapists after using immersive VR.

Methods

A qualitative interpretive design was used to explore physiotherapists’ experiences related to the use of VR for people with shoulder symptoms. 17 physiotherapists were asked to use VR at home for five days prior to a focus group interview. Data from the focus group interviews were analyzed using a six-phase process of thematic analysis.

Results

Three main themes were identified, each divided into subthemes. The main themes were: 1. VR as an extension of contemporary physiotherapy care: physiotherapists were positive about the potential of VR and its applicability in daily care. 2. Physiotherapist uncertainties of future care using VR: participants expressed concerns about their professional identity, particularly as patients engage in independent home exercises. 3. Physiotherapist's requirements for implementation of VR: participants shared their needs for evidence regarding the effectiveness and parameters such as frequency, dosage and intensity of the VR intervention.

Conclusion

Physiotherapists were positive about VR as an intervention tool. However, they felt more knowledge is needed about parameters of VR. The findings of this study inform researchers and technology developers about optimal design of interventions and applications using VR.
Swedish nursing research: A bibliometric and content analysis revealing author and institute collaborations, impact, and topics
Authors: Holmberg Christopher
Published: February 2024

Nursing research plays a pivotal role in advancing healthcare practices and guiding the nursing profession. Given its global impact, understanding the unique characteristics of individual countries is important for identifying and comprehending the successful components of nursing research infrastructures. The aim of the present study was to analyze nursing research articles indexed as Swedish in the Web of Science Core Collection from the database's inception to the time of data collection. A search string was developed and employed to find relevant publications. Original research and review articles, indexed as Swedish and written in English, were included. Using a bibliometric and content analytical approach, evaluations of both research publications and their corresponding topics were conducted. A total of 7213 articles were included. The most prolific authors were part of extensive networks, as were the most productive higher educational institutes. International co-authorship made up 32% of all publications. The findings reveal comparably high productivity among Swedish nursing researchers, likely attributed to international collaborations as well as collaborations between universities and university hospitals. The research spanned diverse clinical and nursing-specific areas. The most cited articles focused on methodological or conceptual aspects. Current research topic trends encompass health literacy and telehealth/digital health.
Effects of a Phone-Based Support Program for Women With Breast Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Pilot Study
Authors: Chen Xi , Chaimongkol Nujjaree , Hengudomsub Pornpat
Published: February 2024

Introduction

The increasing number of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy may result in long-lasting, adverse physical side effects and reduced quality of life.

Objective

This study aimed to develop and assess the feasibility and preliminary effects of the Phone-Based Support Program for women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. The primary outcome was self-care self-efficacy; secondary outcomes were symptom distress and quality of life.

Methods

This pilot study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Jiangsu province, China, from February to March 2023. The Phone-Based Support Program was delivered to 20 participants through the smartphone application WeChat, consisting of learning, discussion, ask-the-expert, and personal stories components. Outcome measures were assessed at three time points: preintervention, postintervention, and follow-up.

Results

The Phone-Based Support Program was feasible and could improve self-care self-efficacy, decrease symptom distress, and promote quality of life. The program was well-accepted, and participants engaged actively in the online discussion and sought expert advice.

Conclusions

The Phone-Based Support Program showed feasibility and effectiveness in improving self-care self-efficacy, reducing symptom distress, and enhancing quality of life.
Surgical Management of Submitral Aneurysm
Authors: Dronamraju Venkata Anil Chandra , Dal Avinash
Published: February 2024

Submitral left ventricular aneurysm is a rare entity. It is mostly in Africans; the most prevalent etiology is congenital. It is also seen rarely in Caucasians and Asians due to varied etiologies. The diagnosis may be achieved by transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography, or even left ventricular angiography. We present a case where the former was misleading and the latter could not be performed due to cardiac failure, yet diagnosis was achieved by magnetic resonance imaging.
Thermal behaviour of filatovite – a rare aluminoarsenate mineral of the feldspar group
Authors: Gorelova Liudmila A. , Vereshchagin Oleg S. , Bocharov Vladimir N. , Potekhina (née Shchipalkina) Nadezhda V. , Zhitova Elena S. , Pekov Igor V.
Published: February 2024

The high-temperature behaviour of a feldspar-group mineral, filatovite (with the simplified formula: K(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8), in which the Al:As:Si ratio is close to 2:1:1), was studied by in situ high-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction and in situ high-temperature (hot stage) Raman spectroscopy up to 600°C. In the temperature range studied (25–600°С) filatovite does not undergo any phase transition, whereas at 800°C it decomposes to X-ray amorphous phase(s). The evolution of 12 main Raman bands was traced during heating, which indicates a gradual change in the crystal structure. The thermal expansion coefficients of filatovite demonstrate a sharply anisotropic character of thermal expansion: the maximal expansion is close to the a axis (α11 = 17.7(1) × 10–6 °C–1), whereas along the b and c axes the thermal expansion coefficients are close to zero. Such behaviour is typical for minerals with a similar crystal structure topology; it indicates the dominant role of structure geometry in the thermal behaviour of the mineral.
Effect of salinity stress and surfactant treatment with zinc and boron on morpho-physiological and biochemical indices of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)
Authors: Khan Atika , Bibi Safura , Javed Talha , Mahmood Athar , Mehmood Shahid , Javaid Muhammad Mansoor , Ali Baber , Yasin Muhammad , Abidin Zain Ul , Al-Sadoon Mohammad Khalid , Babar Babar Hussain , Iqbal Rashid , Malik Tabarak
Published: February 2024

Micronutrient application has a crucial role in mitigating salinity stress in crop plants. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) as foliar applications on fenugreek growth and physiology under salt stress (0 and 120 mM). After 35 days of salt treatments, three levels of zinc (0, 50, and 100 ppm) and two levels of boron (0 and 2 ppm) were applied as a foliar application. Salinity significantly reduced root length (72.7%) and shoot length (33.9%), plant height (36%), leaf area (37%), root fresh weight (48%) and shoot fresh weight (75%), root dry weight (80%) and shoot dry weight (67%), photosynthetic pigments (78%), number of branches (50%), and seeds per pod (56%). Fenugreek’s growth and physiology were improved by foliar spray of zinc and boron, which increased the length of the shoot (6%) and root length (2%), fresh root weight (18%), and dry root weight (8%), and chlorophyll a (1%), chlorophyll b (25%), total soluble protein content (3%), shoot calcium (9%) and potassium (5%) contents by significantly decreasing sodium ion (11%) content. Moreover, 100 ppm of Zn and 2 ppm of B enhanced the growth and physiology of fenugreek by reducing the effect of salt stress. Overall, boron and zinc foliar spray is suggested for improvement in fenugreek growth under salinity stress.
CircRNA identification and feature interpretability analysis
Authors: Niu Mengting , Wang Chunyu , Chen Yaojia , Zou Quan , Qi Ren , Xu Lei
Published: February 2024

Background

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) can regulate microRNA activity and are related to various diseases, such as cancer. Functional research on circRNAs is the focus of scientific research. Accurate identification of circRNAs is important for gaining insight into their functions. Although several circRNA prediction models have been developed, their prediction accuracy is still unsatisfactory. Therefore, providing a more accurate computational framework to predict circRNAs and analyse their looping characteristics is crucial for systematic annotation.

Results

We developed a novel framework, CircDC, for classifying circRNAs from other lncRNAs. CircDC uses four different feature encoding schemes and adopts a multilayer convolutional neural network and bidirectional long short-term memory network to learn high-order feature representation and make circRNA predictions. The results demonstrate that the proposed CircDC model is more accurate than existing models. In addition, an interpretable analysis of the features affecting the model is performed, and the computational framework is applied to the extended application of circRNA identification.

Conclusions

CircDC is suitable for the prediction of circRNA. The identification of circRNA helps to understand and delve into the related biological processes and functions. Feature importance analysis increases model interpretability and uncovers significant biological properties. The relevant code and data in this article can be accessed for free athttps://github.com/nmt315320/CircDC.git.
Gene flow and an anomaly zone complicate phylogenomic inference in a rapidly radiated avian family (Prunellidae)
Authors: Jiang Zhiyong , Zang Wenqing , Ericson Per G. P. , Song Gang , Wu Shaoyuan , Feng Shaohong , Drovetski Sergei V. , Liu Gang , Zhang Dezhi , Saitoh Takema , Alström Per , Edwards Scott V. , Lei Fumin , Qu Yanhua
Published: February 2024

Background

Resolving the phylogeny of rapidly radiating lineages presents a challenge when building the Tree of Life. An Old World avian family Prunellidae (Accentors) comprises twelve species that rapidly diversified at the Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary.

Results

Here we investigate the phylogenetic relationships of all species of Prunellidae using a chromosome-level de novo assembly of Prunella strophiata and 36 high-coverage resequenced genomes. We use homologous alignments of thousands of exonic and intronic loci to build the coalescent and concatenated phylogenies and recover four different species trees. Topology tests show a large degree of gene tree-species tree discordance but only 40–54% of intronic gene trees and 36–75% of exonic genic trees can be explained by incomplete lineage sorting and gene tree estimation errors. Estimated branch lengths for three successive internal branches in the inferred species trees suggest the existence of an empirical anomaly zone. The most common topology recovered for species in this anomaly zone was not similar to any coalescent or concatenated inference phylogenies, suggesting presence of anomalous gene trees. However, this interpretation is complicated by the presence of gene flow because extensive introgression was detected among these species. When exploring tree topology distributions, introgression, and regional variation in recombination rate, we find that many autosomal regions contain signatures of introgression and thus may mislead phylogenetic inference. Conversely, the phylogenetic signal is concentrated to regions with low-recombination rate, such as the Z chromosome, which are also more resistant to interspecific introgression.

Conclusions

Collectively, our results suggest that phylogenomic inference should consider the underlying genomic architecture to maximize the consistency of phylogenomic signal.
Genomics insights into flowering and floral pattern formation: regional duplication and seasonal pattern of gene expression in Camellia
Authors: Hu Zhikang , Fan Zhengqi , Li Sijia , Wang Minyan , Huang Mingchuan , Ma Xianjin , Liu Weixin , Wang Yupeng , Yu Yifan , Li Yaxuan , Sun Yingkun , Li Xinlei , Li Jiyuan , Yin Hengfu
Published: February 2024

Background

The formation and domestication of ornamental traits are influenced by various aspects, such as the recognition of esthetic values and cultural traditions. Camellia japonica is widely appreciated and domesticated around the world mainly due to its rich variations in ornamental traits. Ornamental camellias have a diverse range of resources, including different bud variations from Camellia spp. as well as inter- and intra- specific hybridization. Despite research on the formation of ornamental traits, a basic understanding of their genetics and genomics is still lacking.

Results

Here, we report the chromosomal-level reference genome of C. japonica through combining multiple DNA-sequencing technologies and obtain a high-density genetic linkage map of 4255 markers by sequencing 98 interspecific F1 hybrids between C. japonica and C. chekiangoleosa. We identify two whole-genome duplication events in C. japonica: one is a shared ancient γ event, and the other is revealed to be specific to genus Camellia. Based on the micro-collinearity analysis, we find large-scale segmental duplication of chromosome 8, resulting to two copies of the AGAMOUS loci, which may play a key role in the domestication of floral shapes. To explore the regulatory mechanisms of seasonal flowering, we have analyzed year-round gene expression patterns of C. japonica and C. azalea—a sister plant of continuous flowering that has been widely used for cross breeding. Through comparative analyses of gene co-expression networks and annual gene expression patterns, we show that annual expression rhythms of some important regulators of seasonal growth and development, including GIGANTEA and CONSTANS of the photoperiod pathway, have been disrupted in C. azalea. Furthermore, we reveal that the distinctive expression patterns of FLOWERING LOCUS T can be correlated with the seasonal activities of flowering and flushing. We demonstrate that the regulatory module involved in GIGANTEA, CONSTANS, and FLOWERING LOCUS T is central to achieve seasonality.

Conclusions

Through the genomic and comparative genomics characterizations of ornamental Camellia spp., we propose that duplication of chromosomal segments as well as the establishment of gene expression patterns has played a key role in the formation of ornamental traits (e.g., flower shape, flowering time). This work provides a valuable genomic platform for understanding the molecular basis of ornamental traits.
Myocardial bridging in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a risk factor for myocardial fibrosis
Authors: Song Changpeng , Wang Shengwei , Guo Xinli , Huang Manyun , Zheng Xinxin , Lu Jie , Ji Keshan , Zhao Shihua , Cui Jingang , Wang Shuiyun , Huang Xiaohong
Published: February 2024

Background

Myocardial bridging (MB) is common in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). There are sparse data on the impact of MB on myocardial fibrosis in HCM. This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between MB and myocardial fibrosis in patients with obstructive HCM.

Methods

In this cohort study, retrospective data were collected from a high-volume HCM center. Patients with obstructive HCM who underwent septal myectomy and preoperative cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) were screened from 2011 to 2018.

Results

Finally, 492 patients were included in this study, with an average age of 45.7 years. Of these patients, 76 patients had MB. MB occurred mostly in the left anterior descending artery (73/76). The global extent of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was correlated with the degree of systolic compression (r = 0.33, p = 0.003). Multivariable linear regression analysis revealed that the degree of systolic compression was an independent risk factor for LGE (β = 0.292, p = 0.007). The LGE fraction of basal and mid anteroseptal segments in patients with severe MB (compression ratio ≥ 80%) was significantly greater than that in patients with mild to moderate MB (compression ratio < 80%). During a median follow-up of 28 (IQR: 15–52) months, 15 patients died. Kaplan–Meier analysis did not identify differences in all-cause death (log-rank p = 0.63) or cardiovascular death (log-rank p = 0.72) between patients undergoing MB-related surgery and those without MB.

Conclusions

MB with severe systolic compression was significantly associated with a high extent of fibrosis in patients with obstructive HCM. Concomitant myotomy or coronary artery bypass grafting might provide excellent survival similar to that of patients without MB. Identification of patients with severe MB and providing comprehensive management might help improve the prognosis of patients with HCM.