bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns in suicide by marital status in Hong Kong, 2002–2020: Is marriage still a protective factor against suicide?
Authors: Chen Junyou , Lui Ingrid D. , Hsu Yu Cheng , Yip Paul S. F.
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
Marriage has long been considered protective against suicide, but shifting social norms since 2000 in Hong Kong raise doubts regarding whether this is still the case. This study investigates the changing association between suicide and marital status in Hong Kong between 2002 and 2020.
Methods:
Suicide death case reports issued between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2020 were obtained from the Hong Kong Coroner’s Court. Suicide rates were calculated for each year in the study period by gender, age group, and marital status (married, never-married, widowed, divorced/separated). Suicide risk ratios for each marital status cohort by gender and age group, as well as interactions between year and marital status, were estimated using Poisson regression models.
Results:
Suicide risk decreased significantly over time for men and women of all ages. People who were never-married, or divorced/separated, had significantly higher suicide risks than their married counterparts. Increasing suicide risks over time were observed for never-married men aged between 20 and 49 years, never-married women aged 35–49 years, and divorced/separated men aged 20–34 years. Widowed men and women of any age had higher suicide risks compared with previous studies in Hong Kong.
Conclusion:
Despite rapidly changing social contexts in Hong Kong during the study period, marriage remains a strong protective factor against suicide for men and women of all ages. The protective effect is particularly evident for younger people. Increasing suicide rates for divorced/separated, never-married, or widowed people suggest that they may require more psychosocial support.
Identification and validation of the pyroptosis-related genes signature based on immune microenvironment and molecular heterogeneity in prostate adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liang Linghui , Tao Hengtao , Lu Hongcheng , Wu Qikai , Xu Yuxin , Zhouteng Yihui , Wen Jianxiang , Zhao Yuxin , Cheng Gong , Hua Lixin , Zhao Ruizhe
Published: March 2023

Background: Pyroptosis may affect cancer progression by regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) and biological function of cancer cells. The relationship between pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) and prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) and its TME is unclear.
Method: In our study, we carried out an overall bioinformatics analysis to build a prognostic PRGs model based on TME and molecular heterogeneity and external validation, then verified the relationship between PRGs and PRAD cells through cell experiments. The relationship between PRGs and tumor-immune cells, immune pathways, immune infiltration, cell-cell communication, genomic alteration tumor mutation burden, microsatellite-instability and drug sensitivity were analyzed.
Results: A total of 36 PRGs were up- or down-regulated in PRAD. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that 33 PRGs were mostly involved in Salmonella infection, apoptosis and some signaling pathways (NOD-like receptor, C-type lectin receptor, AGE-RAGE, Cytosolic DNA-sensing, TNF and p53). We identified five prognostic genes (CHMP4C, PLGG1, TP53, GSDMB and PJVK) and constructed a PRGs model to predict progression free survival (PFS) in PRAD patients with high accuracy. And, it was verified with an external database. We found that there was a marked correlation between prognostic PRGs and immune cells, immune pathway, immune cell infiltration, tumor mutation burden and microsatellite instability. Finally, we increased the level of pyroptosis by LPS and established an RNA interference cell line. It was found that the protein expression of NT-GSDMD decreased. Meanwhile, knocking out the above genes affected their promotion of the proliferation of PRAD cells. The above experiments further showed that the five genes were indeed related to pyroptosis.
Conclusion: We established PRGs signatures based on immune microenvironment and molecular heterogeneity through public data and verified them through external data and cell experiments. Our results might help to better understand the impact of proptosis on the progress of PRAD, and provided a new direction for the treatment of PRAD patients.
A simplified RHSS iteration method for saddle point problems
Authors: bai yuqin
Published: March 2023

Recently, Bai and Benzi [Regularized HSS iteration methods for saddlepoint linear systems, Bit Numer. Math., 57 (2017) 287-311] have presented a class of regularized Hermitian and skew-Hermitian splitting methods to solve saddle point problems. In this paper, we establish a simplified RHSS (SRHSS) preconditioner which is much closer to the saddle point matrix than the RHSS preconditioner. We prove the convergence of the proposed method (SRHSS) under suitable restrictions on the iteration parameters. We also study the spectral properties of the preconditioned matrix and eigenvector distribution. Lastly, numerical experiments are carried out and experimental results show that the proposed SRHSS preconditoner method is feasible and effective.
AMSC : 65F10; 65F15; 65F50
Human Germ Cell Specification via Combinatorial Expression of Prioritized Transcription Factors
Authors: Kramme Christian , Smela Merrick , Wolf Bennett , Fortuna Patrick , Brixi Garyk , Zang Tian-Lai , Vincoff Sophia , Palepu Kalyan , Koseki Sabrina , Bhat Suhaas , Dong Edward , Adams Jessica , Kohman Richie , Liu Songlei , Kobayashi Mutsumi , Shioda Toshihiro , Church George , Chatterjee Pranam
Published: March 2023

The generation of germline cell types from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represents a key milestone toward in vitro gametogenesis, which has the potential to transform reproductive medicine. Methods to recapitulate germline cell specification in vitro have relied on extensive, long term culture methods, the most notable of which is a four-month culture protocol employing xenogeneic reconstituted ovaries with mouse embryonic ovarian somatic cells. Recently, transcription factor (TF)-based methods have demonstrated the feasibility of exogenous factor expression to directly differentiate hiPSCs into cell types of interest, including various ovarian cell types. The protocols leveraged in these studies, however, utilize more local methods of factor selection, such as basic differential gene expression analysis, and lower-throughput screening strategies via iterative testing of a small set of TFs. In this work, we integrate our recently-described, more globally-representative graph theory and highly-parallelized screening protocols to globally identify and screen 46 oogenesis-regulating TFs for their role in human germline formation. We identify DLX5, HHEX, and FIGLA whose individual overexpression enhances hPGCLC formation from hiPSCs, as well as an additional set of three TFs, ZNF281, LHX8, and SOHLH1, whose combinatorial overexpression drives DDX4+ germ cell formation from hiPSCs. In contrast to previous methods, our protocol employs a simple four-day, feeder-free monolayer culture condition. We characterize these TF-based germ cells via gene expression analyses, and demonstrate their broad similarity to in vivo and in vitro-derived germ cells. Together, these results identify new regulatory factors that enhance in vitro human germ cell specification and further establish unique computational and experimental tools for human in vitro oogenesis research.
Full Band Incorporation in Ab-initio Simulations of Two-dimensional Semiconductor Based Devices
Authors: Duflou Rutger , Houssa Michel , Afzalian Aryan
Published: March 2023

Quantum transport simulations based on the Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function formalism require accurate integration of the charges in the system. We demonstrate our implementation of a full-band integration scheme, which automatically incorporates electronic screening effects and is predicted to incorporate interface charges more correctly than the simpler excess charge approach. We show that for single doping type purely semiconducting devices, the two approaches are equivalent. We also highlight the influence of using the full-band approach for devices containing metals.
Exploring Perspectives on Agroecological Transition in Scotland with Critical Systems Heuristics
Authors: Hutcheson Matthew , Morton Alec , Blair Shona
Published: March 2023

Critical systems heuristics (CSH) is a framework that facilitates reflective practice in exploring and solving complex management problems. Despite its versatility, CSH has so far been under-utilised in addressing problems concerning the environment and sustainability. We apply CSH to explore perspectives on agroecological transition in Scotland. In interviews with 10 farmers, agricultural professionals, and researchers, we demonstrate the utility of boundary critique as a practice for unpacking the judgements that underpin perspectives on Scottish farming. Moreover, we derive a series of practical insights and recommendations to progress agroecological transition in Scotland, including: support for a greater diversity of farming systems; action across the entire food system to avoid ‘lock-ins’; improved tools to measure farming outcomes; and nuanced and precise conversations regarding the nature and purpose of agroecological farming. In doing so, we demonstrate that in the context of sustainable transitions, CSH need not be limited to a retrospective analytical framework, but may guide reflective practice throughout the entire research process.
New analytical wave solutions to the M-fractional Kuralay-II equations based on three distinct schemes
Authors: Raheel M. , Zafar Asim , Ali M. R. , Myrzakulova Zhaidary , Bekir Ahmet , Myrzakulov Ratbay
Published: March 2023

This article is about, the new analytical wave solutions of Kuralay-II equations (K-IIAE and K-IIBE) along new definition of derivative have been explored. For this purpose, expa function, extended sinh-Gordon equation expansion scheme and generalized Kudryashov schemes have been utilized. The resulting solutions are dark, bright, dark-bright, periodic, singular and other kinds of solitons. These results are obtained and also verified by Mathematica tool. Our gained solutions are newer than the present solutions in the literature. The gained results can also be fruitful for the development of model in future. The schemes used in this research are effective, easy and reliable to handle the other fractional non-linear partial differential equations (FNLPDEs).
Novel Scheme for Defining the Clinical Implications of TP53 Mutations in Myeloid Neoplasia
Authors: Bahaj Waled , Kewan Tariq , Gurnari Carmelo , Durmaz Arda , Ponvilawan Ben , Pandit Ishani , Kubota Yasuo , Ogbue Olisaemeka D. , Zawit Misam , Madanat Yazan , Bat Taha , Balasubramanian Suresh K. , Awada Hussein , Ahmed Ramsha , Mori Minako , Meggendorfer Manja , Haferlach Torsten , Visconte Valeria , Maciejewski Jaroslaw P.
Published: March 2023

Background: TP53 mutations (TP53MT) occur in diverse genomic configurations. Particularly, biallelic inactivation is associated with poor overall survival in cancer. Lesions affecting only one allele might not be directly leukemogenic, questioning the presence of cryptic biallelic subclones in cases with dismal prognosis.
Methods: We have collected clinical and molecular data of 7400 patients with myeloid neoplasms and applied a novel model to properly resolve the allelic configuration of TP53MT and assess prognosis more precisely.
Results: Overall, TP53MT were found in 1010 patients. Following the traditional criteria, 36% of cases were classified as single hits while 64% exhibited double hits genomic configuration. Using a newly developed molecular algorithm, we found that 579 (57%) patients had unequivocally biallelic, 239 (24%) likely contained biallelic, and 192 (19%) had most likely monoallelic TP53MT. Such classification was further substantiated by a survival-based model built after re-categorization. Among cases traditionally considered monoallelic, the overall survival of those with probable monoallelic mutations was similar to the one of wild-type patients and was better than that of patients with a biallelic configuration. As a result, patients with certain biallelic hits, regardless of the disease subtype (AML or MDS), had a similar prognosis. Similar results were observed when the model was applied to an external cohort. These results were recapitulated by single-cell DNA studies, which unveiled the biallelic nature of previously considered monoallelic cases.
Conclusion: Our novel approach more accurately resolves TP53 genomic configuration and uncovers genetic mosaicism for the use in the clinical setting to improve prognostic evaluation.
Personalization of Industrial Human-Robot Communication through Domain Adaptation based on User Feedback
Authors: Mukherjee Debasmita , Hong Jayden , Vats Haripriya , Bae Sooyeon , Najjaran Homayoun
Published: March 2023

Achieving safe collaboration between humans and robots in an industrial work-cell requires effective communication. This can be achieved through a robot perception system developed using data-driven machine learning. The challenge for human-robot communication is the availability of extensive, labelled datasets for training. Due to the variations in human behaviour and the impact of environmental conditions on the performance of perception models, models trained on standard, publicly available datasets fail to generalize well to domain and application-specific scenarios. Thus, model personalization involving the adaptation of such models to the individual humans involved in the task in the given environment would lead to better model performance. A novel framework is presented that leverages robust modes of communication and gathers feedback from the human partner to auto-label the mode with the sparse dataset. The strength of the contribution lies in using in-commensurable multimodes of inputs for personalizing models with user-specific data. The personalization through feedback-enabled human-robot communication (PF-HRCom) framework is implemented on the use of facial expression recognition as a safety feature to ensure that the human partner is engaged in the collaborative task with the robot. Additionally, PF-HRCom has been applied to a real-time human-robot handover task with a robotic manipulator. The perception module of the manipulator adapts to the user's facial expressions and personalizes the model using feedback. Having said that, the framework is applicable to other combinations of multimodal inputs in human-robot collaboration applications.
Effect of delay in a Musca domestica houseflies model: Stability and Global Hopf Bifurcation
Authors: Zhang Xin , Shi Renxiang
Published: March 2023

The houseflies model with discrete delay is studied in both theoretical and numerical ways. The solution of the delayed system is positive and bounded. Choosing the delay as the bifurcation parameter, stability analysis for the positive equilibrium of the delayed model, local and global Hopf bifurcation are given in theoretical aspect. Dynamical behaviors such as supercritical Hopf bifurcation is detected by computer simulations. The theoretical analysis and numerical observations in this work are interesting in biomathematics research area.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). Primary 34C15, 34C23, 37G15, 37N25.
The Structural and Electrical properties of Guar Gum based
Authors: SRINI BOLLABATHINI , Sreek T. , Rajesh S.
Published: March 2023

Guar gum is an environmental tree-based natural polymer with a large molecular weight. Guar gum polymer electrolytes are new materials that are being developed for the applications of electrochemical devices such as supercapacitors, high energy density batteries, fuel cells, electrochromic displays, etc. The solution casting method has been employed to prepare solid-state composite Green-polymer electrolytes using Guar gum, Zinc Sulphate heptahydrate salt (ZnSO4.7H2O). These synthesized polymer electrolytes have been studied by using X-Ray Diffraction(XRD), Fourier Transformation Infrared (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM), and Electrical impedance Spectroscopy(ESI) techniques. The addition of the zinc (ZnSO4.7H2O) salt, to withstand the ion movement in composite guar gum matrix electrolyte was the main investigation in the present work. The complexation of polymer and salt was confirmed by the FTIR. The phase transition and amorphous nature were confirmed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The glass transition temperature was calculated for all samples by using a DSC study. The scanning electron microscopy(SEM) technique investigated that the surface exhibited anisometric morphology (spherical and elongated)for pure guar gum and while in the composite polymer, bounded the salt ion within the guar gum matrix. The ionic conductivity was calculated using bulk resistance at room and different temperatures. The maximum ionic conductivity is 2.5x10-5 S/cm at 100oC for a pure guar gum sample, while with the addition of the salt guar gum, a non-linear variation of the conductivity was found. The long tail in dielectric constant(εʹ(ω)) and loss (εʺ(ω) analysis was refect the bulk capacitance nature of the sample. The non-Deby behavior and relaxation process was studied by dielectric modulus parameters.
The Prevalence and Severity of Anemia Among Malaria Patients With and Without Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Three Health Facilities of Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia, a Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Genanew Birhanu , Hailu Asrat
Published: March 2023

Background
Anemia is one of the severe clinical outcomes associated with concomitant infection of malaria and soil-transmitted helminths. It affects growth, physical fitness, and cognitive function, especially in children. The findings of previous studies done to assess the effect of malaria soil-transmitted helminths co-infection on anemia showed some variation. This indicates the need for further studies in different populations.
Method
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted at three Governmental Health Institutions, Arba Minch, and southern Ethiopia from November 2020- February 2021 on a total of 321 malaria-positive study participants. Thick and thin blood films were prepared for microscopic examination of malaria parasites and identification of species. Malaria parasite count was done to determine the intensity of the infection. Stool wet mount was done to identify soil-transmitted helminths. Kato-Katz was done for microscopic quantitative examination of soil-transmitted helminths. Complete blood cell count was done to determine hemoglobin level and anemia prevalence. Socio-demographic data was collected using questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, binary and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done.
Results
Anemia prevalence in this study was 38.3% and it was higher in the malaria with multiple soil-transmitted helminth co-infection groups (55.1%). Co-infection status (AOR = 3.591, CI: 1.468–8.788, P = 0.005), hookworm infection (AOR = 1.632, CI: 1.027–2.593, P = 0.038), and its intensity, A.lumbricoides infection (AOR = 2.095, CI: 1.286–3.411, P = 0.003), and its intensity were significant predictors of anemia in this study. Malaria parasite density was significantly higher in malaria with multiple STHs co-infected study participants F (2, 318) = 20.075. It increased with increasing intensity of hookworm, T.trichiura, and number of co-infecting helminth species. But it decreased with increasing intensity of A.lumbricoides and S.mansoni.
Conclusion
this finding suggests that co-infection of multiple soil-transmitted helminth and malaria are associated with anemia and low Hgb levels, this indicates the importance of integrated disease control interventions.
Initial Result of Heliocentric Distance Dependence of Zodiacal Light Observed by Hayabusa2#
Authors: Tsumura Kohji , Matsuura Shuji , Sano Kei , Iwata Takahiro , Takimoto Kohji , Yamada Manabu , Morota Tomokatsu , Kouyama Toru , Hayakawa Masahiko , Yokota Yasuhiro , Tatsumi Eri , Matsuoka Moe , Sakatani Naoya , Honda Rie , Kameda Shingo , Suzuki Hidehiko , Cho Yuichiro , Yoshioka Kazuo , Ogawa Kazunori , Shirai Kei , Sawada Hirotaka , Sugita Seiji
Published: March 2023

The zodiacal light (ZL) is sunlight scattered by interplanetary dust (IPD) in the optical wavelengths. The spatial distribution of IPD in the Solar system may hold an important key to understanding the evolution of the Solar system and material transportation within it. The IPD number density can be expressed as [[EQUATION]] , and the result of [[EQUATION]] was obtained by the previous observations from the interplanetary space by Helios 1/2 and Pioneer 10/11 in the 1970s and 1980s. However, no direct measurements of [[EQUATION]] based on the ZL observation from the interplanetary space outside the Earth's orbit have been conducted since then. Here we introduce the initial result of the ZL radial profile at optical wavelengths observed at 0.76-1.06 au by ONC-T with Hayabusa2# mission in 2021-2022. The obtained ZL brightness is well reproduced by the model brightness, but there is a small excess of the observed ZL brightness over the model brightness at around 0.9 au. The obtained radial power-law index is [[EQUATION]] , which is consistent with the previous results based on the ZL observations. The dominant uncertainty source arises from the uncertainty in the Diffuse Galactic Light estimation.
WITHDRAWN: Discrete-Time Noise-Suppression Neural Dynamics for Optical Remote Sensing Image Extraction
Authors: Xiong Yizhen , Wang Difeng , Fu Dongyang , Wang Yan
Published: March 2023

Remote sensing is a significant manner of observation at present, and how to extract the target object from optical remote sensing images quickly and accurately is a challenge. Accordingly, a discrete-time noise-suppression neural dynamics (DTNSND) model with an error-accumulation term is proposed to aid the constrained energy minimization scheme for extracting the target object, which restrains the effects of noises in the extraction process. Through theoretical analysis, it is proven that the DTNSND model excels at suppressing noise in diverse noisy environments. Furthermore, numerical simulations are provided to illustrate that the maximal steady-state residual error generated by the DTNSND model during the solution process is markedly lower than that generated by the comparative algorithms. Finally, extraction experiments, using an optical remote sensing image of the Arctic sea ice as an experimental material, confirm the feasibility of the DTNSND model in practice.
Surrogate Explanations for Role Discovery on Graphs
Authors: Cunningham Eoghan , Greene Derek
Published: March 2023

Role discovery is the task of dividing the set ofnodes on a graph into classes of structurally similar roles. Modern strategies for role discovery typically rely on graph embedding techniques, which are capable of recognising complex graph structures when reducing nodes to dense vector representations. However, when working with large, real-world networks, it is difficult to interpret or validate a set of roles identified according to these methods. In this work, motivated by advancements in the field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), we propose Surrogate Explanation for Role Discovery (SERD), a new framework for interpreting role assignments on large graphs using small subgraph structures known as graphlets. We demonstrate our framework on a small synthetic graph with prescribed structure, before applying them to a larger real-world network. In the second case, a large, multidisciplinary citation network, we successfully identify a number of important citation patterns or structures which reflect interdisciplinary research.
Reformulating Fick’s Law of Diffusion into a Half-Order Version, with Applications in the Physical Sciences
Authors: Myland Janice C. , Oldham Keith B.
Published: March 2023

Diffusion is ubiquitous in nature and underlies many of the processes studied by scientists. Fick’s second law, the partial differential equation that governs diffusion, lends itself to factoring, yielding simpler alternatives that incorporate semioperators. The semioperator approach aids experimentation in several scientific fields that feature diffusion. Illustrative applications to heat transport, chemical analysis, and electric circuitry are briefly reported.
Conhecimento dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas Brasileiros na Detecção de Maus-Tratos Infantis
Authors: Melo Jéssica Gomes Alcoforado de , Araújo Laryssa Nayam Carvalho de , Soares Alícia Maria Lima , Soares Diego Moura
Published: March 2023

Objetivos: O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas na detecção de maus-tratos, bem como a identificação dos sinais e sintomas de maus-tratos e a correta identificação do órgão para encaminhamento das notificações destes casos. Métodos: Foram aplicados formulários on-line submetidos via e-mail e redes sociais (Whatsapp, Instagram, etc.) com perguntas objetivas para profissionais da região Nordeste, Brasil, sendo obtidos 99 formulários corretamente preenchidos. Os dados foram analisados a partir dos testes Exato de Fisher e Qui-quadrado para identificar associações entre as variáveis estudadas. Resultados: Os resultados identificaram que 55,6% dos profissionais consideram-se aptos a diagnosticar possíveis casos de maus-tratos. Atrelado a este fato os resultados mostram que 55,6% dos profissionais participantes receberam orientações sobre a temática “maus-tratos infantil” durante a graduação, onde estes identificaram majoritariamente as disciplinas de Odontopediatria, Odontologia legal e Saúde coletiva como as principais disseminadoras deste conteúdo. Além disso, o conselho tutelar foi identificado por 82,8% dos profissionais participantes como local apropriado para realização da notificação. Dentre os participantes do estudo 65,7% dos cirurgiões-dentistas sabem reconhecer sinais e sintomas de possíveis casos de maus-tratos em crianças e adolescentes. Conclusão: Assim, concluímos que grande parte dos cirurgiões-dentistas possuem conhecimento adequado sobre a maus-tratos infantil, bem como a legislação e órgão competente que rege as notificações destes casos, mas não possuem conhecimento da ficha de notificação necessária para as denúncias.
AN EVALUATION ON TWO SAHABATKU INDONESIA COURSEBOOKS IN LITTLEJOHN’S TEXTBOOK ANALYSIS FRAMEWORK
Authors: Salsabilla Aulia
Published: March 2023

The use of proper learning materials in foreign language learning have a pivotal role. Feasibility analysis on language learning material surely different from other subjects’. Sahabatku Indonesia coursebooks has been main reference for BIPA learning programs. This qualitative descriptive research evaluates Sahabatku Indonesia BIPA 3 and Sahabatku Indonesia untuk Pelajar BIPA 3 using Andrew Littlejohn's Textbook Analysis Framework in three steps of analysis. The result of the evaluation shows both coursebooks could accommodate in process of learning BIPA relatively effective. It appears from the linguistic aspect and cultural context in the coursebooks provided comprehensively. Nonetheless, the learning methods still can be improved to make more room for the learners to be more engaged in the language through more active roles in bringing or producing their related texts can still be improved.

Keywords: foreign language, learning materials, Indonesian language learning materials, evaluation.
MAIN CHARACTER'S EXPRESSIVE SPEECH ACTS FOUND IN TOM HOOPER'S "THE KING'S SPEECH"
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Dwi
Published: March 2023

An expressive speech act is among parts of speech acts, which is often met in many aspects, including in movies. The main character in
The Role of Female Directors on Probability of Financial Distress
Authors:   Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi Universitas Prasetiya Mulya,BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Tangerang, 15339, Christinna Santosa Bella , Gianina Tania ,   Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi Universitas Prasetiya Mulya,BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Tangerang, 15339, Adelina Yang Elvi ,   Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi Universitas Prasetiya Mulya,BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Tangerang, 15339, Gunawan Vania Pradipta ,   Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi Universitas Prasetiya Mulya,BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Tangerang, 15339
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of female directors on the probability of financial distress in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2021, except in the financial industry, where the total number of company data observations is 2,840. The study used binary logistic regression analysis and penalized maximum likelihood. The study’s results found that female directors do not affect the probability of financial distress in the company. A robustness test is also conducted to compare the consistency of the results between SOEs and non-SOEs with the number of observations for each type of company: 114 observations and 2,726 observations. The findings are consistent, showing that female directors do not affect the likelihood of financial distress in SOEs or non-SOEs. Therefore, this study could provide practitioners with updated understandings and perspectives regarding the existence of female directors in companies that show the proportion of female directors is still low, so the effect on the probability of a company’s financial distress has not been seen
Corpus-based discourse analysis of the lexemes related to COVID-19 pandemic in the German magazine Der Spiegel (online version)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Jesan Irina E. , Kovtunova Elena A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Grigorieva Liubov N. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: March 2023

The article gives a detailed insight into pandemic media discourse by revealing and analyzing its lexical changes. The research aims to observe the dynamic processes in the vocabulary: the intensity and usage frequency of the key discourse words, neologisms, borrowings, the reflection processes of important social and political events in the vocabulary. The research is based on the DIMEAN multilevel linguistic and discourse analysis model, elements of corpus analysis, concordance compilation with AntConc program and Voyant Tools web application, as well as methods of dictionary definitions and contextual semantic analysis. The material of the study is based on the current theme-based publications from the German news website Der Spiegel dated 2020 and 2022. Structuring the material into two sub-corps (according to the year, 50 articles each) enables to demonstrate a linguistic analysis of a specific time period and present our observations on lexical changes of German COVID-19 pandemic media discourse. The study applies both traditional and modern methods of computer analysis of modern media discourse that is relevant to the current linguistic study approach. The new multilevel comparative analysis of the theme-based media discourse by means of corpus analysis allows to track lexical changes and to observe the dynamics and evaluation of topics in the socio-political discourse. As a result of conducted research in two sub-corps were revealed the most frequent lexemes taking into account macro- and micro-contexts; in the group of the keywords most relevant for the two periods the contextual-semantic analysis was provided.
The language of evaluation: What the evaluation says about the evaluator
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Nefedov Sergey T.
Published: March 2023

The language of evaluation as a subsystem of linguistic means with special pragmatic functions is examined in the context of scientific communication on an interpersonal and personal levels. On the one hand, the role of the evaluation language in reflecting social relationships in the scientific field is emphasized, and on the other hand, the individual characteristics of researchers in establishing professional relationships with their colleagues. It is shown how the participants in the scientific discourse construct their professional identity through the choice of certain types of evaluation resources. Four types of means of evaluation are the focus of consideration, which are central to the evaluative qualification and the evaluative positioning in scientific discourse: evaluative lexemes, modal epistemic words, means of authorization and emphasizing metatextual structures with predicates of mental information processing. It has been noted that different researchers use the same means of evaluation in different ways. The different use of evaluative language can be explained by individual preferences when choosing pragmatic strategies for conducting scientific discussions with other researchers. Accordingly, general professional profiles of the authors of the analyzed articles are distinguished, which reflect their typical language behavior models in interaction with potential communication partners. The description of the profiles is operationalized by metaphorical terms scientistdebater, scientist-diplomat, scientist-didactician. The theoretical articles by three German linguists, who are well-known and authoritative experts in their field, serve as empirical material for the analysis. The methodology is based on the theoretical foundations of language pragmatics, interactional sociolinguistics and discourse analysis.
HABs Karenia brevis and Pseudo-nitzschia pre- and post-Hurricane Michael
Authors: Alarcon Josh , Ward Lauren , Pan Ke , Gonsoroski Elaina , Uejio Christopher K. , Beitsch Leslie , Lichtveld Maureen Y. , Harville Emily W. , Sherchan Samendra
Published: March 2023

Increased occurrences of harmful algal blooms (HAB) in the Gulf of Mexico, and even worldwide, yield concern for increases in brevetoxin exposure leading to respiratory illness or even death, highlighting the need for extensive scientific research and human health monitoring. It is known that major events such as tropical storms and hurricanes are followed by periods of increased red tides caused by HABs; however, the nature by which phytoplankton blooms proliferate following major events remains a topic of great interest and research. The impact of Hurricane Michael on October 10, 2018 on HABs in the Florida panhandle was examined by analyzing data from the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission in coordination with Normalized Fluorescence Line Height (nFLH) data from the University of South Florida College of Marine Science. Results presented here demonstrate four phases of HABs during storm events: 1. Pre-storm concentrations, 2. Decreased concentration during the storm, 3. Elevated concentrations following the storm and 4. Recovery period. This time frame can serve to be important in understanding the health dynamics of coastal systems following major storm events.
Evaluation of water quality in the upper and lower catchments of the Kelani River Basin, Sri Lanka
Authors: Narangoda Chandima , Amarathunga Deeptha , Dangalle Chandima Deepani
Published: March 2023

Kelani River is the principal consumable water source for 80% of the population in the Colombo district and an important ecosystem complex for the freshwater fish biota of Sri Lanka. However, it is the most polluted river in the country. The present study was conducted to determine the water quality parameters and pollution of the upper and lower catchments of the river and select the most suitable parameters for predicting the pollution of each catchment. Thirteen locations of each catchment were selected for the study, and 14 water quality parameters were recorded by standard techniques. Measurements were compared with the standard values permissible for drinking purposes and aquatic life and subjected to principal component analysis. The study revealed that the most polluted catchment of the Kelani River was the lower catchment, and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and water pH were selected as the most suitable parameters to predict the pollution levels of the lower catchment. The nitrate concentration and COD were selected as the most suitable water quality parameters to predict the pollution of the upper catchment. The present study indicates an accelerating trend in water pollution of the Kelani River when compared with studies conducted two decades ago.
Effect of APOE4 Allele and Gender on the Rate of Atrophy in the Hippocampus,
Entorhinal Cortex, and Fusiform Gyrus in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Hamza Eid Abo , Moustafa Ahmed A. , Tindle Richard , Karki Rasu , Nalla Shahed , Hamid Mohamed S. , EL HAJ Mohamad
Published: March 2023

Background:

The hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and fusiform gyrus are brain areas that deteriorate during early-stage Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The ApoE4 allele has been identified as a risk factor for AD development, is linked to an increase in the aggregation of amyloid ß (Aß) plaques in the brain, and is responsible for atrophy of the hippocampal area. However, to our knowledge, the rate of deterioration over time in individuals with AD, with or without the ApoE4 allele, has not been investigated.

Method:

In this study, we, for the first time, analyze atrophy in these brain structures in AD patients with and without the ApoE4 using the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset.

Results:

It was found that the rate of decrease in the volume of these brain areas over 12 months was related to the presence of ApoE4. Further, we found that neural atrophy was not different for female and male patients, unlike prior studies, suggesting that the presence of ApoE4 is not linked to the gender difference in AD.

Conclusion:

Our results confirm and extend previous findings, showing that the ApoE4 allele gradually impacts brain regions impacted by AD.

other:

N/A
Therapeutic Potential of Metformin-preconditioned Mesenchymal Stem
Cells for Pancreatic Regeneration
Authors: Kamble Prajakta , Desai Shivani , Bhonde Ramesh , Sanap Avinash , Shimpi Jagruti , Kumbhar Rohit , Kokani Manesh , Kharat Avinash
Published: March 2023

Background:

Diabetes occurs due to insulin deficiency or less insulin. To manage this condition,
insulin administration as well as increased insulin sensitivity is required, but exogeneous insulin
cannot replace the sensitive and gentle regulation of blood glucose levels same as β cells of healthy
individuals. By considering the ability of regeneration and differentiation of stem cells, the current
study planned to evaluate the effect of metformin preconditioned buccal fat pad (BFP) derived mesenchymal
stem cells (MSCs) on streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats.

Materials & Methods:

The disease condition was established by using a diabetes-inducing agent STZ
in Wistar rats. Then, the animals were grouped into disease control, blank, and test groups. Only the
test group received the metformin-preconditioned cells. The total study period for this experiment was
33 days. During this period, the animals were monitored for blood glucose level, body weight, and
food-water intake twice a week. At the end of 33 days, the biochemical estimations for serum insulin
level and pancreatic insulin level were performed. Also, histopathology of the pancreas, liver and
skeletal muscle was performed.

Results:

The test groups showed a decline in the blood glucose level and an increase in the serum pancreatic
insulin level as compared to the disease group. No significant change in food and water intake
was observed within the three groups, while body weight was significantly reduced in the test group
when compared with the blank group, but the life span was increased when compared with the disease
group.

Conclusion:

In the present study, we concluded that metformin preconditioned buccal fat pad-derived
mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to regenerate damaged pancreatic β cells and have antidiabetic
activity, and this therapy is a better choice for future research.
Buddleoside Inhibits Progression of Liver Cancer by Regulating NFκB
Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhang Li , Sun Lizhi , Gao Shuchun , Yang Weihua , Zhuang Yuanmei , Xu Mingjie
Published: March 2023

Background:

Liver cancer is a severe incurable disease and causes several thousands of deaths
each year. Flavonoids are a class of bioactive compounds possessing anti-cancer activity.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to investigate the role of Buddleoside, one type of flavonoids, in
carcinogenesis of liver cancer.

Methods:

Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method, while cell invasion was by transwell assay,
cell apoptosis by Annexin V/FITC-A staining. Western blotting technology was used to explore the
mechanism of Buddleoside in liver cancer.

Results:

It was demonstrated that buddleoside inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and
suppressed cell invasion in liver cancer. The inhibition rates of buddleoside in the invasion of both Huh-7
and Hep3B cells were above 75%. The apoptotic rates in the two cell lines were increased by about 10
folds in buddleoside group. Then, the expression levels of NFκB/p65 and IKK were decreased when IκB
increased in buddleoside-treated Huh-7 cells, suggesting the inhibition of NFκB signaling pathway.
Moreover, the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax were upregulated while HSDL2 decreased
in buddleoside group. In contrast, after NFκB/p65 was overexpressed, the expression patterns of these
molecules were reversed partially. Consistently, the abilities of cell proliferation and cell invasion were
recovered, while cell apoptosis decreased after NFκB/p65 overexpression.

Conclusion:

Buddleoside inhibits proliferation, and invasion and induces apoptosis in liver cancer by
regulating NFκB signaling pathway. This study provides us with new proofs for the possible application
of buddleoside in liver cancer therapy.
12 Cases of Haglund’s Syndrome Detected through MRI
Authors: Zhang Kun , Zhou Shuwei , Luo Wuxing , Wang Siyu
Published: March 2023

Background:

Haglund’s syndrome is a common cause of heel pain but often neglected clinically. Haglund’s syndrome refers to a series of symptoms caused by impingement among posterosuperior prominence of the calcaneus, bursa and Achilles tendon. It is difficult to distinguish Haglund’s syndrome from other causes of heel pain by clinical diagnosis. Imageology is of great value in the diagnosis of Haglund’s syndrome.

Objective:

Our study aims to summarize the Magnet resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of Haglund’s syndrome and provide some reference to clinical work.

Method:

We retrospectively analyzed the MR images of 11 patients (6 males; 5 females; 6 right ankles, 4 left ankles, 1 bimalleolar ankles) who have been clinically and radiologically confirmed Haglund’s syndrome. Observation contents: morphological changes of calcaneus and talus, abnormal signal of calcaneus, abnormal Achilles tendon, and soft tissue abnormalities around Achilles tendon. Combined with literature reviews, summarize the MR imaging features of Haglund’s syndrome.

Results:

In 12 ankles, all ankles showed posterosuperior prominence of the calcaneus and Achilles tendon degeneration; 7 ankles showed bone marrow edema; 6 Achilles tendons were graded as either type II or type III tendinosis; 5 Achilles tendons showed partial tear; 12 ankles showed retrocalcaneal bursitis, 7 ankles showed retro-Achilles bursitis, 6 ankles showed Kager’s fat pad edema.

Conclusion:

This study found that MR images of Haglund's syndrome showed bone edema of the calcaneus, degeneration and partial tear of the Achilles tendon, the retrocalcaneal and retro-Achilles bursas, and Kager’s fat pad edema.
Eco-friendly Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles using Juglans
regia Extract and their Anti-Trichomonas vaginalis, Anticancer, and Antimicrobial
Effects
Authors: Şimşek Ahmet , Küçük Burak , Aydın Ali , Aydın Davut , Karadağ Ahmet
Published: March 2023

Background:

Green synthesis is an efficient and eco-friendly method that has been used frequently in silver
nanoparticle production in recent years. This method facilitates the production of nanoparticles using various organisms,
such as plants, and is also cheaper and easier to apply than the other techniques.

Aims:

This study aims to find possible mechanisms and pharmacological effects of cubic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs).

Objectives:

This study characterizes cubic AgNPs and describes in detail their anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-
Trichomonas vaginalis abilities.

Methods:

Silver nanoparticles were produced by green synthesis using Juglans regia (walnut) leaf aqueous extract. We
validated the formation of AgNPs by UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR analysis, and SEM micrographs. To determine the
pharmacological effects of the AgNPs, we conducted anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-parasitic activity experiments.

Results:

Cytotoxicity data revealed that AgNPs have cellular inhibitory properties on cancerous MCF7 (breast), HeLa
(cervix), C6 (glioma), and HT29 (colorectal) cell lines. Similar results are also obtained with anti-bacterial and anti-
Trichomonas vaginalis activity experiments. At certain concentrations, AgNPs displayed stronger anti-bacterial activities
than the sulbactam/cefoperazone antibiotic combination in five bacteria species. Furthermore, the 12-h AgNPs
treatment exhibited satisfactory anti-Trichomonas vaginalis activity similar to the FDA-approved metronidazole.

conclusion:

Consequently, AgNPs produced by the green synthesis method by Juglans regia leaves showed remarkable
anti-carcinogenic, anti-bacterial, and anti-trichomonas vaginalis activities. We propose the potential usefulness of
green synthesized AgNPs as therapeutics.
A Comprehensive Review of Essential Aspects of Molecular Pathophysiological
Mechanisms with Emerging Interventions for Sarcopenia in Older People
Authors: Prajapati Priyanka , Kumar Anand , Chaudary Rishabh , Mangrulkar Shubhada , Arya Malti , Kushwaha Sapana
Published: March 2023

Background:

As people age, physical impairments may have a deleterious role in skeletal muscles. Sarcopenia Clinical Practice Guidelines 2017 and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in older people are two organizations that have published essential guidelines on the definition of “sarcopenia". Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome, characterized by skeletal muscle mass degeneration brought on by ageing, which lowers muscular function and quality. Moreover, sarcopenia can be classified as primary or age-associated sarcopenia and secondary sarcopenia. Also, secondary sarcopenia occurs when other diseases such as diabetes, obesity, cancer, cirrhosis, myocardial failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and inflammatory bowel disease also contribute to muscle loss. Furthermore, sarcopenia is linked with a high risk of negative outcomes, considering a gradual reduction in physical mobility, poor balance, and increased fracture risks which ultimately leads to poor quality of life.

Objective:

In this comprehensive review, we have elaborated on the pathophysiology, and various signaling pathways linked with sarcopenia. Also, discussed are the preclinical models and current interventional therapeutics to treat muscle wasting in older patients.

Conclusion:

In a nutshell, a comprehensive description of the pathophysiology, mechanisms, animal models, and interventions of sarcopenia. We also shed light on pharmacotherapeutics present in clinical trials which are being developed as potential therapeutic options for wasting diseases. Thus, this review could fill in the knowledge gaps regarding sarcopenia-related muscle loss and muscle quality for both researchers and clinicians.