bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Right in Your Backyard: Expanding Local Community College Transfer Pathways to High-Graduation-Rate Institutions
Authors: Chen Sunny , Schwartz Emily , Le Cindy , Pisacreta Elizabeth Davidson
Published: July 2021

Each year, our country’s most selective four-year institutions invest significant resources to recruit talented high school students from across the country. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, admissions representatives traveled far and wide to convince these prospective students that the academic rigor, amenities, and opportunities at their institution are unparalleled. These students, mostly affluent and white, contemplate admission offers and consider moves to new locales to pursue their postsecondary plans. Yet, many of these selective institutions are overlooking a talented and diverse pool of students in their own backyard: transfer students from local community colleges.
Numerical and Experimental Study of Thermal Processes during the Growth of Thin-Walled Parts by Coaxial Laser Melting from Stainless Steel 316L
Authors: Miandzhi Z. , Kholopov A.A.
Published: July 2021

Coaxial laser melting (CLM) is a method of additive manufacturing. In CLM, parts are produced by melting powder particles that reach the application area, layer by layer, using a laser beam. When growing thin-walled structures, it becomes necessary to control the parameters of coaxial laser melting to maintain the thermal environment in the surfacing zone. Experimental studies of the relationship between the thermal distribution and the output structure are time-consuming and have low reliability of the result due to the complexity of registering temperature fields under conditions of changes in the growing process. For this reason, modeling processes of additive technology has been actively developing recently. A model for calculating the heat cycle, maximum temperature, and volume of the molten pool during coaxial laser melting of a thin wall made of 316L stainless steel powder is proposed. Based on the calculation, the relationship between the dimensions of the molten pool and heat distribution with the number of deposited metal layers was established.
Analysis of the Conditions for the Contactless Movement of Eccentric Freewheel Mechanisms
Authors: Kalinin A.V.
Published: July 2021

Freewheel mechanisms are used in kinematic chains of technical systems of a various functionality. When such mechanisms freewheeling, it is necessary to ensure that there is no contact of their working elements to reduce friction losses and wear. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure the minimum value of the idling angle affecting the accuracy and response time of the kinematic chain in which the mechanism is installed. The task of analyzing and determining the geometric conditions allowing ensuring a radial gap between the working elements of the eccentric freewheel mechanisms with free-running engagement has been set. To solve this problem, a design scheme is proposed and a mathematical model describing the relationship between the geometrical parameters of the mechanism is obtained. The nature of the influence of the basic geometric parameters (eccentricity, radial clearance, modulus, etc.) on the value of the idling angle is established. It is shown that when designing, the values of the module and the gap should be chosen as the minimum permissible, taking into account the load capacity and the assembly conditions. The eccentricity can be assigned based on the requirements of the manufacturing technology.
Some aspects of the shaped-charge perforator certification and qualification problem
Authors: Babkin A.V. , Gerasimov N.V. , Ladov S.V.
Published: July 2021

The problem of certification of shaped-charge perforators appear to be very important in oil and gas production. The paper considers five aspects of the problem. First, it is a physical aspect, which means the problem is viewed from the point of view of the physics of a cumulative explosion; the second aspect is a methodological one, which implies the most desirable, permissible, unacceptable methods of certification and qualification; the next aspect is economic, it focuses on the economy on a large scale, allowing a possible loss in a small one. Perhaps, there are things that are currently more important than the most correct physical considerations and the most perfect methods, so technical and political aspects arise. The final aspect is an organizational one which implies a rational division of powers of government departments. The most important and science-intensive aspect is the physical one, as it is associated with the design, construction, and operation of shaped charges of perforators, and this is the main focus of the paper. The paper carefully analyzes the formation, movement in free space, and action on the combined obstacle: steel — concrete — rock of monolithic and powder cumulative jets from metal and composite materials. Moreover, the study comparatively assesses the penetrating action of shaped charges of perforators according to various methods, both domestic and foreign, and assesses economic, technical, political, and organizational factors in the development of the shaped charges certification procedure. Finally, the study gives recommendations for carrying out certification and qualification tests of shaped charges of perforators in Russia.
High-temperature effect of a gas jet of reacting components on an inclined plate
Authors: Partola I.S. , Kudinov A.S. , Yurchenko I.I. , Klimenko A.G. , Fedorov S.A.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the research was to experimentally and computationally study the distribution of pressures and heat fluxes when near-design jets of high-temperature reacting mixtures on the oxygen-kerosene, oxygen-methane, oxygen-ethanol components act on an inclined plate in the near field of the jet within the distance equal to nozzle exit diameter for pressure ratio The paper introduces the results of these studies. They were carried out with jets flowing with total temperatures of into ambient environment with normal pressure and temperature. The level of heat fluxes created by the jet on the plate was in range within Calculations in the SolidWorks Flow Simulation environment for the effect of a high-temperature flow for a perfect gas with parameters corresponding to the chemical composition in a model combustion chamber showed good agreement with experimental data.
Modeling coherent structures in the atmosphere and assessing their impact on aircraft
Authors: Vyshinsky V.V. , Zoan K.T.
Published: July 2021

The paper introduces an engineering method for assessing the aerodynamic effect of disturbed atmosphere on an aircraft. As a source of vortex structures, we can consider vortex wind wakes that arise when the atmospheric wind flows around the landscape, large structures, moving or stationary aircraft-carrying platforms, vortex wakes behind aircraft, etc. In this study, we consider the situation when a light transport aircraft and an aircraft of the MC-21 type get into the vortex wake behind the super-heavy aircraft A-380 when flying along the glide path. A coherent vortex structure behind the A-380 is formed by the grid method within the framework of the boundary value problem for the Reynolds-averaged Navier —Stokes equations. The evolution and stochastics of the far wake are carried out using the author’s computer code written in the MATLAB system, within the framework of discrete vortices with a Rankine core. The assessment of the increment of forces and moments from the effect of the vortex system on the aircraft was carried out using the panel method.
Experimental study of electrostatic fields influencing thermal processes in gaseous methane at its natural convection
Authors: Altunin V.A. , Altunin K.V. , Abdullin M.R. , Chigarev M.R. , Aliev I.N. , Yanovskaya M.L.
Published: July 2021

The paper shows the history of studying electrostatic fields in various gaseous media, including gaseous methane, and substantiates the necessity to experimentally study electrostatic fields influencing thermal processes in gaseous methane at its natural convection. We describe the experimental base and working areas with the use of electrostatic fields, as well as the method of conducting experimental research. The results of the influence of electrostatic fields on the coefficient of heat transfer to gaseous methane and on the negative process of sedimentation in it — during its natural convection are presented. In our research, we found zones of possible intensification of heat transfer to gaseous methane and zones of saturation with electrostatic fields, in which a further increase in the heat transfer coefficient is impossible. We experimentally established that the boundary of the zone of the beginning of saturation with electrostatic fields is also the beginning of the corona discharge zone. The research results formed the basis for the method of using electrostatic fields in aircraft engines and power plants.
Issues of organizing computations in multicomputersystems with the software-controlled failure- and fault-tolerance. Part 1
Authors: Asharina I.V.
Published: July 2021

This three-part paper analyzes existing approaches and methods of organizing failure- and fault-tolerant computing in distributed multicomputer systems (DMCS), identifies and provides rationale for a list of issues to be solved. We present the concept of fault tolerance proposed by A. Avizienis, explicate its dissimilarity from the modern concept and the reason for its inapplicability with regard to modern distributed multicomputer systems. We justify the necessity to refine the definition of fault tolerance approved by the State Standards, as well as the necessity to specify three input parameters to be taken into account in the DMCS design methods: permitted fault models, permitted multiplicity of faults, permitted fault sequence capabilities. We formulate the questions that must be answered in order to design a truly reliable, fault-tolerant system and consider the application areas of the failure- and fault-tolerant control systems for complex network and distributed objects. System, functional, and test diagnostics serve as the basis for building unattended failure- and fault-tolerant systems. The concept of self-managed degradation (with the DMCS eventually proceeding to a safe shutdown at a critical level of degradation) is a means to increase the DMCS active life. We consider the issues related to the diagnosis of multiple faults and present the main differences in ensuring fault tolerance between systems with broadcast communication channels and systems with point-to-point communication channels.
The first part of the work mainly deals with the analysis of existing approaches and methods of organizing failure- and fault-tolerant computing in DMCS and the definition of the concept of fault-tolerance.
On Complete Representations and Minimal Completions in Algebraic Logic, Both Positive and Negative Results
Authors: Sayed Ahmed Tarek
Published: July 2021

Fix a finite ordinal \(n\geq 3\) and let \(\alpha\) be an arbitrary ordinal. Let \(\mathsf{CA}_n\) denote the class of cylindric algebras of dimension \(n\) and \(\sf RA\) denote the class of relation algebras. Let \(\mathbf{PA}_{\alpha}(\mathsf{PEA}_{\alpha})\) stand for the class of polyadic (equality) algebras of dimension \(\alpha\). We reprove that the class \(\mathsf{CRCA}_n\) of completely representable \(\mathsf{CA}_n\)s, and the class \(\sf CRRA\) of completely representable \(\mathsf{RA}\)s are not elementary, a result of Hirsch and Hodkinson. We extend this result to any variety \(\sf V\) between polyadic algebras of dimension \(n\) and diagonal free \(\mathsf{CA}_n\)s. We show that that the class of completely and strongly representable algebras in \(\sf V\) is not elementary either, reproving a result of Bulian and Hodkinson. For relation algebras, we can and will, go further. We show the class \(\sf CRRA\) is not closed under \(\equiv_{\infty,\omega}\). In contrast, we show that given \(\alpha\geq \omega\), and an atomic \(\mathfrak{A}\in \mathsf{PEA}_{\alpha}\), then for any \(n<\omega\), \(\mathfrak{Nr}_n\mathfrak{A}\) is a completely representable \(\mathsf{PEA}_n\). We show that for any \(\alpha\geq \omega\), the class of completely representable algebras in certain reducts of \(\mathsf{PA}_{\alpha}\)s, that happen to be varieties, is elementary. We show that for \(\alpha\geq \omega\), the the class of polyadic-cylindric algebras dimension \(\alpha\), introduced by Ferenczi, the completely representable algebras (slightly altering representing algebras) coincide with the atomic ones. In the last algebras cylindrifications commute only one way, in a sense weaker than full fledged commutativity of cylindrifications enjoyed by classical cylindric and polyadic algebras. Finally, we address closure under Dedekind-MacNeille completions for cylindric-like algebras of dimension \(n\) and \(\mathsf{PA}_{\alpha}\)s for \(\alpha\) an infinite ordinal, proving negative results for the first and positive ones for the second.
Elevating Dissolved Oxygen—Reflections on Developing and Using Long-Term Data
Authors: Rabalais Nancy
Published: July 2021

This prospectus took me about as long to generate as my 36-year record of working on the issue of northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) oxygen deficiency, or so I felt. There was so much to cover, but I focused on the issue of hypoxia on the Louisiana continental shelf from the early 1980s to present and my participation in the research and outreach. Not that I was ignoring other aspects of my academic research career (e.g., stone crab populations and their differences in physiology and larval development along the nGOM coast; settlement of crab megalopae, especially blue crabs, on artificial substrates and their timing with tidal events; oil and gas pollutant discharges in coastal waters of Louisiana, and as Director of the Coastal Waters Research Consortium (CWC) of the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (GoMRI), and marsh infaunal researcher. I must say, however, that the journey through the documentation of low dissolved oxygen on the Louisiana continental shelf, and its linkage to the changes in the Mississippi River nutrient loads to the coastal waters of the nGOM, marked a dominant part of my career. This prospectus follows my research and outreach career from my first journey offshore in an outboard to set stations for the transect off Terrebonne Bay in early summer of 1985 to now.
Impacto de las importaciones de los medicamentos (Oncológicos, VIH) en materia tributaria y dilemas éticos que se presentan en los Resultados Financieros de las empresas del Sector Farmacéutico de Lima Metropolitana durante el periodo 2018
Authors:   , Calampa Salvador Diego Fernando , Peri Abarca Renato Junior
Published: July 2021

La presente investigación fue realizada para determinar los impactos de las importaciones en materia tributaria y dilemas éticos que se presentan en los Resultados Financieros de las empresas del Sector Farmacéutico de Lima Metropolitana durante el periodo 2018. Para ello, la investigación se basará en la normatividad que existe en la actualidad sobre el tema de importaciones y sus contingencias tributarias. Por otro lado, también se basará en las diferentes investigaciones que se han realizado hasta el momento en materia ética que conllevan a un impacto en los Resultados Financieros. Para validar nuestra hipótesis general y específica, hemos realizado trabajos de campo a las principales empresas farmacéuticas de nuestra muestra en Lima Metropolitana, para la cual hemos realizado una encuesta a cada personal que trabaje en el área de contabilidad o impuestos. Por otro lado, se realizó entrevistas a los principales expertos en temas tributarios y éticos del sector. Finalmente, hemos realizado un (1) caso práctico para evaluar el impacto de nuestro trabajo de investigación A partir de los datos analizados, concluimos que hay un impacto en materia tributaria y dilemas éticos de las empresas del sector farmacéutico, que puede ser significativos si no se tiene un correcto manejo, ya que existe riesgo de que los precios sigan en tendencia al alza, sin contar con una justificación de los costos. Asimismo, como resultado del análisis se pudo comprobar que el impacto en materia tributaria el Estado, deja de percibir 36 millones de soles en 12 medicamentos contra las enfermedades más recurrentes del cáncer. Además, que el personal de las compañías se encuentra en un dilema ético llevando a paraísos fiscales beneficios farmacéutica para eludir impuestos.
Sentido de vida y fuentes de sentido en una muestra de Lima y provincias durante la cuarentena por el COVID-19
Authors:   , Pérez Osores Michel Eduardo Armando
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre el sentido de vida y las fuentes de sentido de vida durante la cuarentena por el COVID-19. Los participantes fueron 424 voluntarios (53.1% mujeres y 46.9% hombres) con edades entre 18 y 65 años. La investigación es de tipo cuantitativo correlacional. Los instrumentos aplicados fueron una ficha de datos sociodemográficos, el MLQ, instrumento de 10 ítems que mide la presencia y búsqueda de sentido, y el PMP-B, instrumento de 21 ítems que mide siete fuentes de sentido: relaciones, intimidad, logro, autoaceptación, autotranscendencia, trato justo y religión. Los resultados indican que presencia de sentido se relacionó significativamente con autotrascendencia (r=.51) y logro (r=.50). Los participantes hombres presentaron mayores niveles de presencia de sentido en comparación con la mujeres. Asimismo, los adultos mayores de 60 años presentaron mayores puntuaciones en autotrascendencia, trato justo y autoaceptación. Se concluye que el sentido de vida es un factor protector ante la crisis e incertidumbre de la pandemia a través de las fuentes de sentido de vida. En esta coyuntura, autotrascendencia y logro son variables que se asociaron de manera significativa con presencia de sentido.
Nature-based Solutions (NbS) – What are They and What are the Barriers and Enablers to Their Use?
Authors: Price Roz
Published: July 2021

This rapid review examines literature around Nature-based Solutions (NbS), what are NbS, the pros and cons of NbS, design and implementation issues (including governance, indigenous knowledge), finance and the enabling environment. The breadth of NbS and the evidence base means that this rapid review only provides a snapshot of the information available, and therefore does not consider all types of NbS, nor all sectors that they have been used in. Considering this limited scope, this report highlights many issues, some of which are that Covid-19 has highlighted the importance of NbS, Pros of NbS include the low cost compared to infrastructure alternatives; the flexibility in addressing multiple climate challenges; potential co-benefits such as better water quality, improved health, cultural benefits, biodiversity conservation. The literature also notes the cons of NbS including slow adaptation or co-benefits, very context specific making effectiveness difficult to measure and many of the benefits are non-monetary and hard to measure. The literature consulted suggest a number of knowledge gaps in the evidence base for NbS effectiveness including lack of: robust and impartial assessments of current NbS experiences; site specific knowledge of field deployment of NbS; timescales over which benefits are seen and experienced; cost-effectiveness of interventions compared to or in conjunction with alternative solutions; and integrated assessments considering broader social and ecological outcomes
Managing dry cow udder health
Authors:   University of Helsinki, Finland, Rajala-Schultz Päivi J. , Halasa Tariq ,   University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Published: July 2021

The dry period lays a foundation for a successful next lactation, especially from the udder health perspective. It is a high-risk period for acquiring new intramammary infections (IMI), but it also provides an excellent opportunity for eliminating existing subclinical infections. The way cows are dried off and milking is halted at the end of lactation impacts the involution process, mammary health and cow comfort. Antibiotic dry cow therapy (DCT) has played a crucial part in mastitis control, but due to global concerns about increasing antibiotic resistance, the approach to DCT is evolving. This chapter reviews the current knowledge about the impact of milk cessation methods (abrupt vs. gradual dry-off) on mammary involution, udder health and cow comfort. The importance of dry cow therapy is discussed, especially in the light of current global concerns related to antibiotic resistance.
Pengaruh Kinerja Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling Terhadap Kedisiplinan Siswa SMK Al-Huda Sumbernangka Larangan Pamekasan
Authors: Fitriana Anisah
Published: July 2021

Kinerja guru BK merupakan perilaku yang berdampak pada layanan bimbingan dan konseling, yaitu dalam memberikan bimbingan dan pelayanan, membantu semua permasalahan dan perkembangan siswa dalam bidang pribadi-sosial, belajar dan karier, sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kinerja guru BK terhadap kedisiplinan siswa di SMK Al-Huda Sumbernangka Larangan Pamekasan. Subyek penelitian sebanyak 64 siswa. Tehnik pengumpulan data terdiri dari kuesioner, pengamatan, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis korelasi Product Moment dan selanjutnya digunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Terdapat hubungan positif dan signifikan antara kinerja guru BK dengan kedisiplinan siswa, dengan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,556 (rhit > rtabel, 0,556 > 0,2461); 2) Semakin tinggi kinerja guru BK, maka akan semakin tinggi juga tingkat kedisiplinan siswa. Semakin rendah kinerja guru BK, maka akan semakin rendah juga tingkat kedisiplinan siswa; 3) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan kinerja guru BK terhadap kedisiplinan siswa. Kinerja guru bimbingan dan konseling berpengaruh terhadap kedisiplinan siswa dengan kontribusi sebesar 31%, sedangkan 69% sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak dilibatkan dalam penelitian.[The performance of guidance and counseling teachers is a behavior that has an impact on guidance and counseling services, namely in providing guidance and services, helping all problems and student development in the personal-social, learning and career fields, according to student needs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of guidance and counseling teacher performance on student discipline at SMK Al-Huda Sumbernangka Larangan Pamekasan. The research subjects were 64 students. Data collection techniques consisted of questionnaires, observations, and documentation. The data analysis technique used Product Moment correlation analysis and then simple linear regression analysis was used. The results showed: 1) There was a positive and significant relationship between the performance of guidance and counseling teachers and student discipline, with a correlation coefficient of 0.556 (rhit> rtabel, 0.556> 0.2461); 2) The higher the performance of the guidance and counseling teacher, the higher the level of student discipline. The lower the performance of the guidance and counseling teacher, the lower the level of student discipline; 3) There is a significant influence on the performance of guidance and counseling teachers on student discipline. The performance of guidance and counseling teachers has an effect on student discipline with a contribution of 31%, while the remaining 69% is influenced by other factors not involved in the study].
Perkembangan Psikoseksual Santri Pada Usia Dini
Authors: Hasanah Iswatun , Fithriyah Imaniyatul , Mufrihah Arina
Published: July 2021

Anak-anak usia dini terutama pada usia 4 hingga 6 tahun umumnya sudah mulai dikenalkan pada pendidikan formal dan non formal, salah satunya ialah pendidikan di pesantren. Pesantren dipilih oleh orang tua agar anak dapat belajar pengetahuan agama dan pengetahuan umum, serta pembentukan kemandirian dan kedisiplinan yang diharapkan orang tua. Pada santri usia dini, fase perkembangan psikoseksual yang dilalui diantaranya adalah fase falik dan laten. Dua fase krusial yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap kepribadian anak pada masa mendatang. Pada fase falik kepuasan terletak di daerah kemaluan yang normalnya akan mmebentuk identitas dan orientasi seksual anak. Sementara pada fase laten kepuasan terletak pada aspek kognitif dan interaksi sosial yang terealisasi melalui keterbukaan diri untuk berinteraksi dan bersosialiasi dengan lingkungan secara baik.  Kehadiran orang tua sangat dibutuhkan oleh santri untuk bisa melewati fase falik dan laten dengan baik dan menyelesaikan konflik pada dua fase tersebut. Maka dari itu, meski pesantren memiliki tradisi yang kuat dalam pendidikan agama, namun orang tua tetap memiliki tanggung jawab utama dalam pendidikan dan pembimbingan anak-anak mereka.[Children especially at age 4 untill 6 years old have been introduced to formal and non-formal education where pesantren (islamic boarding school) is one of the most popular educatonal institutions in Indonesia. Commonly, pesantren is chosen by parents for their childs’ education to learn both religious and modern knowledge. Furthermore, pesantren education will form students’ independence. During their early-age development phase, santri (students who learn in pesantren) is remain similar to other children who experience psychosexual development; the two crucial stages are phallic and latent stage. Those periods would significantly affect santri’s personality. The phallic stage is closely corresponded to genitalia as the specific erotogenic zone. Normally this stage is related to sexual identity and sexual orientation. Meanwhile, latent period is a time of childs’ exploration into intellectual pursuits and social interactions, it is realized through self-disclosure towards interaction and adaptive socialization with their circumstances. On the other hand, parents are the important figure for children since they need to adapt to their psychosexual development phase including how to resolve several conflicts which may be dealed with them. Therefore, even though pesantren has a strong tradition in religious education, parents steady have main responsibility of their childs’ education and guidance].
Translation of the culture-specific vocabulary in the Yakut heroic epic olonkho into Russian and English (based on the material of olonkho “Nurgun Bootur the Swift” by P.A. Oyunsky)
Authors:   Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Lukachevskaja Lilianna А. , Sobakina Irina V.
Published: July 2021

The culture-specific vocabulary in the texts of epic works, which expresses the peculiarity of the culture of the people, creates certain difficulties in translation. In the proposed study, the analysis of the transmission of culture-specific vocabulary Olonkho “Nurgun Bootur the Swift” by P.A. Sleptsova in Russian and English. 825 examples were collected and grouped based on the classification of S. Vlakhov and S. Florin, the following groups were identified: proper names, realities, phraseological units, addresses, interjections, onomatopoeia. The analysis of the translation revealed that the most commonly used methods are transcription when translating proper names, realities and interjections; descriptive translation when translating proper names and realities as a commentary to the text, as well as, in some cases, when translating realities, phraseological units and addresses is used in the text itself; approximate translation when translating addresses, phraseological units and onomatopoeia. In the translations under consideration, the national flavor and specificity of the original language are preserved, and the translation methods are used in approximately the same amount for each group of of culture-specific vocabulary.
Ways to nominate characters in the tales of P.P. Bazhov
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Shchukina Daria A. , Stepanova Lyubov Yu.
Published: July 2021

This article discusses a question of nomination characters in the tales of P.P. Bazhov. Character’s names in tales are studied from the point of view of etymology, symbolism and mythology. The aim of the research is to analyze the semantics of the character’s names in Bazhov’s tales. The hypothesis of the study is the following statement: symbolic and mythological conceptions about the named character, together with the context and meaning of the lexemes that make up the name, form the semantics of the name of one or another character. The analysis was based on the texts of Bazhov’s tales, included in collection works of the writer in 3 books (“The Mistress of the Copper Mountain”, “The Malachite Box”, “The Stone flowe”, “The Mountain master”, “A Fragile twig”, “Zhelezko’s covers”, “Two lizards”, “Sochen’s gems”, “Grass trap”, “Old mountains gift”, "Ivanko Krylatko", "Ognevushka-Poskakushka", "Blue snake", etc.). The article identifies the features of the onomastic space of P.P. Bazhov's tales. This article considers ways to designate characters in tales, which are studied in the framework of onomastics. In this study, it was used a descriptive method (when generalizing theoretical knowledge on the subject under study), a method of component analysis (in interpretation of the semantics of a character’s name), a comparative method (when comparing characters to identify their common characteristics), and a classification method (in the classification of the names of the characters). Character’s names of Bazhov’s tales were divided on two groups and several subgroups depending on the character's belonging to the world of people or to the world of fantastic creatures. The results of the research can be used to further study the specifics of nomination characters in the tales of P.P. Bazhov.
Linguistic markers of represented speech in science fiction novels: a polyphonic approach
Authors:   Altai State Medical University, Demina Elena Anatolyevna
Published: July 2021

This paper aims to investigate the linguistic aspect of represented speech in the novel “The Martian Chronicles” by Ray Bradbury within the framework of M. Bakhtin’s concept of polyphony. The article provides a classification of linguistic signals of voices, determines their frequency, types of represented speech, the number of voices. The results of the study show that fragments with represented speech in the novel are few; as a rule, there are two voices in them. In other passages, despite the presence of several voices, the dialogical perspective is not expressed. Moreover, one linguistic marker can be simultaneously a lexical, syntactic and graphic signal; ideological markers creating a slight polyphonic effect. Syntactic means, being the most frequent ones, convey the perception of the character and form Bradbury’s special narration style.
The image of a Russian noble lady in the poetry of Charles de Lin
Authors:   Vyatka State Agrotechnological University, Chirkin Sergey А.
Published: July 2021

The article considers a series of poems by Prince Charles de Lin (1735–1814), dedicated to Russian women of the Catherine era. The novelty of the research is that these poems have not yet been studied and published in Russian. A description of the Prince de Lin’s relations with Russia is presented. The list of poetic messages of the “Russian cycle”is given. Information is given about the personalities of the addressees-representatives of the highest (titled) Russian aristocracy of the second half of the XVIII and early XIX centuries. The circumstances of the creation of individual poems, which caused their pathos, are indicated. A genre classification of works is proposed — madrigals, poems in albums, humorous songs. The above quotes indicate the collective image created by Prince de Lin of a high-class Russian lady of the end of the Enlightenment era. It is a whimsical combination of grandeur, coquetry, piety, courtesy, and artistic taste. With all the unique personality of each addressee, we see the personification of beauty and tenderness, refinement and kinship. The generally idealized view of the enlightened Belgian on the Russian high society of that era, when emancipation and cosmopolitan education of noblewomen were already more than a century old, has a certain historical significance and deserves attention in the light of the dialogue between the two cultures.
I.A. Bunin: (in)variants of the memoir image
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Demidova Olga R. ,   European University in St. Petersburg
Published: July 2021

The paper based on a substantial number of émigré ego-texts (memoirs, diaries, and letters) deals with the invariant paradigm of I.A. Bunin’s image represented in them. Relying on the undertaken analysis, the author argues that the said invariants are structurally organized on two levels based on different criteria. The first level differentiating between the existential and the artistic, presents the invariants “Bunin the man” and “Bunin the writer”, the latter constructed on the juxtaposition of the public and the private, the outer and the inner selves. The second level, actualizing the aesthetic and the artistic, juxtaposes the traditional and the modern, realism and modernism as the criteria of evaluating Bunin’s personality. In the majority of the texts Bunin is associated with the past and gone cultural and literary tradition, the authors of the said texts treating this fact as the cause of Bunin’s personal and artistic tragedy. On the other hand, though, Bunin’s personality and artistic standpoint is regarded by all the authors as incomparable and unique, as well as his role in preserving the tradition in exile
Poetics of the experiment: M. Gorky's unfinished novel “The dream”
Authors:   Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Primochkina Natalia N.
Published: July 2021

The article raises the question of Gorky as the Creator of a new aesthetic reality. The author shows his desire to overcome the spiritual and creative crisis of the early 1920s, which arose as a result of the tragic events of the First world war and the Russian revolution, and to update his creative method by including elements of modernist art: symbolism, impressionism, and the avant-garde. As an example, the author analyzes Gorky’s little — known unfinished novel “The Dream” (1923), it is shown that the writer widely used the key principle of modernist art-estrangement in its poetics. With this technique, the writer managed to create a text in which dream and reality, reality and illusion were artfully mixed and almost indistinguishable. The technique of detachment also helped Gorky to penetrate deeply into the spiritual world of his heroine and show the depicted reality through the eyes of a naive teenage girl.
Вооk as a genre: medieval tradition in Russian prose of 20th century (V.P. Astafiev, F.A. Abramov)
Authors:   Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshakova Alla Yu.
Published: July 2021

The author aims to observe the phenomenon of “thinking by books” which has been born in the verbal creativity of Medieval Russia and promoted in Russian literature of the XX century but has been little studied yet. A special attention is paid to the formation of the book genre by such writers as V.P. Astafyev (“The Last Bow”, “The King-Fish”, “Zatesi”) and F.A. Abramov (“The Pure Book”). To fulfill the tasks set, the author relies on both the provisions of medieval studies and the concepts of genre theorists and historians of modern Russian literature. Definition of “book” as a specific meta-genre; dialectics of the novel and book genres is considered. A special attention is paid to the processes of formation of the “book” by uniting text elements into a super-genre unity. The author shows how the free form of the “book”, consisting of chapters and stories, provides creative freedom to the author and allows, in the medieval spirit, to expand the original version adding new and new texts to it. The article substantiates the position of the “book” as a narrative consisting of seemingly separate, but cyclically connected chapters and parts. This is a meta-genre that is becoming and moving along with historical reality. In conclusion the author of the article draws a conclusion about the productivity of genre of the book in the Village prose as a leading literary direction of the second half of the twentieth century and marks a continuation of this tradition in contemporary Russian prose.
The Stool Color Card as a Screening Tool for Biliary Atresia in the Digital Version of the Portuguese Child and Youth Health Booklet
Authors: Ashworth Joanna , Tavares Marta , Santos Silva Ermelinda , Lopes Ana Isabel
Published: July 2021

N/a.
Illicit Enrichment dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Muzaki Hanif
Published: July 2021

AbstractCorruption can be said to be the biggest problem in Indonesia at this time, as evidenced by the rampant of the corruption cases that occur mainly among the elite or public officials. Indonesia had ratified the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) through Law No. 7 of 2006. In the convention, several methods can be used to strengthen the eradication of corruption for state parties, one of which is the illicit enrichment method. Even though Indonesia had ratified the UNCAC but legally in Indonesia does not have any rules about illicit enrichment. The purpose of this paper is to find out, study and analyze the urgency of illicit enrichment arrangements in Indonesia. In this study using descriptive analytic methods. This method uses library research related to the regulations of law. The data that have been collected are analyzed descriptively. From this paper, it can be seen that to apply the concept of illicit enrichment in Indonesia still needs careful preparation because it will also intersect with human rights.Keywords: Illicit Enrichment; Corruption; Uncac; Ham; Urgency.AbstrakKorupsi dapat dikatakan sebagai masalah terbesar di Indonesia saat ini, terbukti dengan maraknya kasus korupsi yang terjadi terutama digolongan para elit atau pejabat publik. Indonesia telah meratifikasi United Nation Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2006. Dalam konvensi tersebut, terdapat beberapa metode yang dapat digunakan untuk memperkuat pemberantasan korupsi bagi negara pihak, salah satunya adalah metode illicit enrichment. Meskipun Indonesia telah meratifikasi UNCAC namun secara yuridis normatif Indonesia belum memiliki aturan mengenai illicit enrichment. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui, mengkaji dan menganalisis mengenai urgensi pengaturan illicit enrichment di Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitif. Metode ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan yang berkaitan dengan kaidah dan peraturan perundang-undangan serta data yang terkumpul dianalisa secara deskriptif. Dari penelitian skripsi ini dapat diketahui bahwa untuk menerapkan konsep illicit enrichment di Indonesia masih perlu persiapan yang matang karena juga akan bersinggungan dengan hak asasi manusia.Kata Kunci: Illicit Enrichment; Korupsi; UNCAC; HAM; Urgensi.
Pelaksanaan The Sino-British Joint Declaration 1984 oleh Otoritas RRT Mengenai Pemberian Hak-Hak Otonomi bagi Wilayah Hong Kong
Authors: Dharma Ken Bagus Setya
Published: July 2021

AbstractHong Kong, a special autonomous region within the PRC's constitutional hierarchy, has a long history behind its privileges. It started with the defeat of the Qing Dynasty in a series of Opium Wars which ended with the 156-year rule of Hong Kong by the British which ended in 1997. However, the handover did not come easily. Based on The Sino-British Joint Declaration 1984, an international agreement made by Britain and China regarding the re-acceptance of Hong Kong, it promised Hong Kong to be an autonomous region for 50 years post-1997 except in the field of defence and cooperation with foreign powers. This article seeks to examine the implementation of The Sino-British Joint Declaration 1984 with a literature review method based on the rights it gives to the people of Hong Kong and the reality in daily life. Keywords: Implementation; The Sino-British Joint Declaration 1984; Hong Kong; Autonomy; International Agreement.AbstrakHong Kong yang merupakan sebuah wilayah otonomi khusus dalam hierarki ketatanegaraan RRT memiliki sejarah yang panjang yang melatarbelakangi keistimewaannya. Dimulai dari kekalahan Dinasti Qing dalam rentetan Perang Candu yang berakhir dengan penguasaan Hong Kong oleh Inggris selama 156 tahun yang berakhir pada 1997. Akan tetapi, penyerahan tersebut tidak terjadi dengan mudah. Berdasarkan The Sino-British Joint Declaration 1984, sebuah perjanjian internasional yang dibuat oleh Inggris dan RRT mengenai penerimaan kembali Hong Kong, ia memperjanjikan Hong Kong menjadi wilayah otonom selama 50 tahun pasca-1997 kecuali pada bidang pertahanan dan kerja sama dengan kekuatan asing. Artikel ini berusaha mengkaji penerapan The Sino-British Joint Declaration 1984 dengan metode kajian kepustakaan berdasarkan hak-hak yang diberikannya kepada rakyat Hong Kong dan kenyataannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.Kata Kunci: Pelaksanaan; The Sino-British Joint Declaration 1984; Hong Kong; Otonomi; Perjanjian Internasional.
Alat Sebagai Alat Bukti Dalam Tindak Pidana Narkotika
Authors: Kinasih Mahaneni Rosaning
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn the case of Narcotics Crime, verification is one of the important process, because in this process we can know how the criminal act can be done and to make that the defendant is the guilty one. Indeed based on judge confidence and all the evidence. In Law Number 35 of 2009 Concerning Narcotics, Article 101 Paragraph (1) regulates that: "Narcotics, Narcotics Precursors, and tools or goods used in Narcotics and Narcotics Precursor crimes or those involving Narcotics and Narcotics Precursors and their results are declared to be confiscated for the state." But, there is no explanation about definition of “tools or goods in Narcotics crime”. So that can make a question what is tools used in Narcotics crime and can that tools qualified as evidence so have more value in verification process. More than that, what is ratio decidendi the conviction of the instrument as evidence in Narcotics crime.Keywords: Law of Evidence; Evidence; Corroboration.AbstrakDalam kasus tindak pidana Narkotika, pembuktian merupakan salah suatu proses yang beperan sangat vital, karena di dalam proses inilah dapat diketahui bagaimana tindak pidana Narkotika tersebut dilakukan dan menentukan apakah terdakwa benar bersalah. Tentunya berdasarkan keyakinan hakim serta alat bukti yang ada. Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 Tentang Narkotika, Pasal 101 ayat (1) mengatur bahwa: “Narkotika, Prekursor Narkotika, dan alat atau barang yang digunakan di dalam tindak pidana Narkotika dan Prekursor Narkotika atau yang menyangkut Narkotika dan Prekursor Narkotika serta hasilnya dinyatakan dirampas untuk negara”. Namun sayangnya, dalam Penjelasan Undang-Undang Narkotika, Pasal ini tidak dijelaskan lebih lanjut bahkan tidak terdapat definisi secara pasti mengenai “Alat atau barang yang digunakan di dalam tindak pidana Narkotika”. Oleh karena itu menimbulkan pertanyaan apakah yang dimaksud dengan alat yang digunakan dalam tindak pidana Narkotika serta dapatkah alat tersebut dikualifikasikan sebagai alat bukti sehingga mempunyai nilai pembuktian lebih dalam proses pembuktian. Selain itu mengetahui apakah ratio decidendi penjatuhan putusan terhadap alat sebagai alat bukti dalam tindak pidana Narkotika. Kata Kunci: Pembuktian; Alat Bukti; Petunjuk.
Konsep ‘Sakit Berkepanjangan’ Sebagai Hak Untuk Mengajukan Permohonan Grasi Berdasarkan Alasan Kemanusiaan dan Keadilan
Authors: Ariestanti Yuvina
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe large number of prisoners who are elderly and experiencing illness in Indonesia, making the legislators through the Clemency Law add a special reason for granting Clemency. The reasons for Humanity and Justice are added reasons for filing a pardon by the Minister of Justice and Human Rights if the prisoner is in the condition of: 1) children; 2) >70 years old; 3) prolonged illness. Of the several conditions that have been regulated, the condition of "prolonged illness" is a condition that is often abused due to the broad and open concept. So far, there is no clear and definite regulation related to any disease that can be categorized as prolonged illness. Not a few parties who make this condition as a gap to be able to buy their freedom. It is feared that this will overcome the sense of justice that is expected to be realized in granting clemency. Through the normative juridical research method, the author is able to answer the issue of this problem by answering any criteria that can be categorized as prolonged illness. Keywords: Clemency; Humanity and Justice; Prolonged Illness.AbstrakBanyaknya jumlah narapidana yang lanjut usia dan mengalami sakit di Indonesia, membuat para pembentuk undang-undang melalui UU Grasi menambah alasan khusus dalam memberikan Grasi. Alasan Kemanusiaan dan Keadilan merupakan alasan yang ditambahkan untuk mengajukan Grasi oleh Menteri Hukum dan HAM apabila narapidana dalam kondisi : 1) anak dibawah umur; 2) berusia diatas 70 tahun; dan 3) Sakit berkepanjangan. Dari beberapa kondisi yang telah diatur, kondisi “sakit berkepanjangan” merupakan kondisi yang sering disalahgunakan akibat konsepnya yang luas dan terbuka. Sejauh ini, belum ada pengaturan yang jelas dan pasti terkait dengan penyakit apa saja yang dapat dikategoroikan sebagai sakit berkepanjangan. Tidak sedikit pihak yang menjadikanan kondisi ini sebagai celah untuk dapat membeli kebebasannya. Hal ini dikhawatirkan akan mencedaerai rasa keadilan yang diharapkan akan terwujud dalam pemberian grasi. Melalui metode penelitian yuridis normatif, penulis mampu menjawab isu permasalahan ini dengan menjawab kriteria apa saja yang dapat di kategorikan sebagai sakit berkepanjangan.Kata Kunci: Grasi; Kemanusiaan dan Keadilan; Sakit Berkepanjangan.
Rad, kapital i socijalna kohezija u (post)pandemijskom okviru
Authors: Stojiljković Zoran
Published: July 2021

Komparativna istraživanja pokazuju da sindikatima i zaposlenima „dobro ide” samo u situacijama paralelnog demokratskog razvoja i ekonomskog rasta koji vode socijalnoj koheziji i smanjenju nejednakosti. Unutar aktuelne pandemijske krize, uz već postojeći demokratski deficit, ponovo ulazimo u period pada ekonomskih pokazatelja i daljeg rasta siromaštva i nejednakosti. Dramatično ekonomsko zaostajanje Srbije se može delimično nadoknaditi samo visokim stopama rasta. Promena je moguća radikalnom promenom ekonomske politike u čijoj je osnovi objedinjavanje nužnih regulativnih sa razvojnim funkcijama i ulogom države, odnosno jasan razlaz sa raširenim neoliberalnim ekonomskim mitovima. Pandemijska kriza, kao istovremena kriza i ponude i tražnje, kroz brojne izazove, poput rada na daljinu i razvoja internih sistema kontrole i redukovanja troškova, urgentnim čini kreiranje Novog društvenog ugovora kojim će se definisati radni standardi i bazični prihodi za sve radno angažovane.
Two Sets of Initial Conditions on Boreal Forest Carbon Storage Economics
Authors: Kärenlampi Petri P.
Published: July 2021

Two sets of initial conditions are used in the investigation of capital return rate and carbon storage in boreal forests. Firstly, a growth model is applied in young stands as early as the inventory-based model is applicable. Secondly, the growth model is applied to observed wooded stands. Four sets of thinning schedules are investigated in either case. First, the capital return rate is aspired without any restriction. Second, the number of thinnings is restricted to at most one. Third, thinnings are restricted to the removal of only trees thicker than 237 mm. Fourth, commercial thinnings are omitted. The two sets of initial conditions yield similar results. The capital return rate is a weak function of rotation age, which results in variability in the optimal number of thinnings. Reducing the number of thinnings to one increases timber stock but induces a capital return rate deficiency. The deficiency per excess volume unit is smaller if the severity of any thinning is restricted by the removal of large trees only. Omission of thinnings best applies to spruce-dominated stands with stem count less than 2000/ha. Restricted thinning intensity applies to deciduous stands and dense pine stands.