bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of the Generalized Method of Moment Arellano-Bond on Economic Growth in Central Java Province in 2011-2018
Authors: Yusuf Maulana Ghani , Susilo Joko Hadi , Tsani Luthfi Ibnu
Published: September 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of the savings rate, population, human development index, and labor force participation rate on economic growth in Central Java Province from 2011 to 2018. This study uses a descriptive quantitative method with dynamic panel regression using the Gereralized Method of Moment Arrelano Bond. The use of this method is intended to determine the effect of each independent and dependent variable in the previous year on the dependent variable in the research year. The results of this study indicate that simultaneously the independent variable has a significant and positive effect on the dependent variable. Then there is an insignificant negative relationship between the saving rate and the population on economic growth. Furthermore, there is an insignificant positive relationship between the development index on economic growth and a significant positive relationship between the level of labor force participation on economic growth.
An Interventional Comparative Study in Reducing The Perceived Stress among Employees of Hubli with Shirolepa and Shiropichu along with Concomitant Treatments
Authors: U R Dr. Prayagaprasad , A S Dr. Prashanth
Published: September 2020

Today is the era of modernization and fast life where everybody is busy and living a stressful life. Advancement of busy, professional and social life, continuous work and overexertion, changing life style of modern human being has created several disharmonies in his biological system. The present clinical study was conducted in Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya and Hospital Hubli to compare the combined effectiveness of Shirolepa & Shiropichu in Reducing the Perceived Stress in Employees along with Concomitant Treatments in Chittodwega caused by Occupational stress. The research Question of the study were: Whether the combined effect of Shirolepa with concomitant treatment significantly decrease the signs and symptoms of Occupational stress vis-a-vis Chittodwega ; the scores of Professional life stress scale and DSM V when compared to Shiropichu with Jyothismathi tailam followed by concomitant treatments. The design of the study was Open Labeled Double Arm (Uncontrolled) Exploratory Clinical Trail. Overall effect of therapy showed that, 70% patient was cured or markedly improved at the end of 60 days of treatment in the Shirolepa group. 30% patients gained moderate improvement. While in the Shiropichu group 35% of patients gained marked improvement, 60% were moderately improved while 5% were having mild improvement. Hence, it can be concluded that, improvement in the Shirolepa group was more significant and consistent as compared to Shiropichu group. By seeing the results it’s evident that no patient had complete remission after Shirolepa/Shiropichu followed by Nasya i.e. on 15th day. This implies that only Shirolepa or Shiropichu is insufficient for the management of Chittodwega (OS). After completion of the treatment (60days) Subjects got marked relief in the symptoms. So the present study was ideal for Occupational stress having a package of treatments for long duration.
Stratégiai emberi erőforrás-menedzsment nemzetbiztonsági területen
Authors: Drusza Tamás
Published: September 2020

Reflecting on recent developments, the author provides an overview of recent trends in strategic human resources management in the field of national security.
Strong Calcium Emission Indicates that the Ultraviolet-flashing SN Ia 2019yvq Was the Result of a Sub-Chandrasekar-mass Double-detonation Explosion
Authors: Siebert Matthew R. , Dimitriadis Georgios , Polin Abigail , Foley Ryan J.
Published: September 2020

We present nebular spectra of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) SN 2019yvq, which had a bright flash of blue and ultraviolet light after exploding, followed by a rise similar to other SNe Ia. Although SN 2019yvq displayed several other rare characteristics, such as persistent high ejecta velocity near peak brightness, it was not especially peculiar, and if the early “excess” emission were not observed, it would likely be included in cosmological samples. The excess flux can be explained by several different physical models linked to the details of the progenitor system and explosion mechanism. Each has unique predictions for the optically thin emission at late times. In our nebular spectra, we detect strong [Ca ii] λλ7291, 7324 and Ca near-IR triplet emission, consistent with a double-detonation explosion. We do not detect H, He, or [O i] emission, predictions for some single-degenerate progenitor systems and violent white dwarf mergers. The amount of swept-up H or He is <2.8 × 10−4 and 2.4 × 10−4
M
⊙, respectively. Aside from strong Ca emission, the SN 2019yvq nebular spectrum is similar to those of typical SNe Ia with the same light-curve shape. Comparing to double-detonation models, we find that the Ca emission is consistent with a model with a total progenitor mass of 1.15 M
⊙. However, we note that a lower progenitor mass better explains the early light-curve and peak luminosity. The unique properties of SN 2019yvq suggest that thick He-shell double detonations only account for

of the total “normal” SN Ia rate. The SN 2019yvq is one of the best examples yet that multiple progenitor channels appear necessary to reproduce the full diversity of “normal” SNe Ia.
Rhamnella intermedia (Rhamnaceae), a new evergreen species from southwest Guangxi
Authors: Lu Zhiqiang , Sun Yongshuai
Published: September 2020

Rhamnella intermedia, a new evergreen species from southwest Guangxi, is described and illustrated in this study. This species is similar to R. brachycarpa by the size and ratio of length to width of dried fruit and seeds, by which it differs from R. rubrinervis and R. tonkinensis. However, it differs from R. brachycarpa by rarely mucronate seed apices, larger ratio of length to width of leaves, leaf apices acuminate to long acuminate, shorter leaf petioles, and longer fruiting pedicels. Principal component analysis based on phenotypic traits further recognised three separated groups. Rhamnella rubrinervis and R. tonkinensis were clustered into one group; the other two groups represented R. brachycarpa and two Guangxi populations, respectively. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ITS sequence variations highly supported that the two Guangxi populations represented an independent evolutionary lineage and were closest to R. rubrinervis. Four fixed nucleotide sites were found and were different from R. rubrinervis. However, besides the differentiated traits in seeds and fruit, densely pilose young branches also separated them from R. rubrinervis. In addition, during our field investigations, none of the three closely related species were found at locations where this new species was distributed. Therefore, this new species, based on the two Guangxi populations, is named R. intermedia. The key to four closely related species is also presented.
Primulina flexusa sp. nov. (Gesneriaceae) from Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Peng Tao , Pan Bo , Maciejewski Stephen , Wen Fang
Published: September 2020

The limestone regions of Yunnan-Guangxi-Guizhou in southern and southwestern China are regarded as some of biodiversity’s hotspots for China’s Gesneriaceae where numerous rare new species of Primulina have been, or are being, described over the past two decades. Primulina flexusa, a new lithophytic species of Gesneriaceae from a limestone hill in a Karst area, from Guizhou, China, is described here with color photographs. It is similar to P. curvituba, but can be easily distinguished by a combination of characteristics, especially in the shape and length of its capsule. We found only one population with approximately 100 mature individuals at the type locality. This new species is provisionally assessed as Critically Endangered [CR C1] by using IUCN criteria.
L’impact du chômage sur l’état de santé
Authors: Ronchetti Jérôme , Terriau Anthony
Published: September 2020

Nous examinons l’impact du chômage sur l’état de santé en mobilisant les données de l’Enquête santé et protection sociale (ESPS) sur la période 2010-2014. Nous appliquons d’abord une méthode d’estimation par double différence avec appariement sur score de propension afin de minimiser le biais de sélection, éliminer les effets fixes individuels et les effets temporels communs. Nos résultats suggèrent que l’expérience du chômage n’a pas d’impact significatif sur l’état de santé. Nous estimons ensuite un Probit bivarié dynamique afin d’analyser la double causalité entre état de santé et statut d’emploi. Si le chômage n’a pas d’effet causal significatif sur la santé, on observe que la santé a un effet causal significatif sur le statut d’emploi. Classification JEL  : C10, I10, I12, J01.
Un culte du chef ?
Authors: Faury Félicien , Letourneur Guillaume
Published: September 2020

La structure verticale et le fonctionnement autoritaire du Front national (FN) sont régulièrement attribués à un « culte du chef » supposé animer ses membres, dont on peine à discerner les fondements. Dans une démarche sociologique, cet article propose d’analyser les soubassements socioculturels de la hiérarchie partisane frontiste. À partir de l’étude de milieux partisans dans des territoires contrastés, le texte montre que cette verticalité organisationnelle trouve une de ses conditions de possibilité dans une « culture militaire » dominante au sein du parti. La surreprésentation et la valorisation des mondes militaires au FN impliquent la diffusion d’un certain rapport à l’autorité qui vient légitimer le fonctionnement très hiérarchisé du parti. Cette culture militaire se traduit également par le peu de place accordé aux critiques internes de l’autorité du chef, et de ce fait par la récurrence, caractéristique de ce parti, des scissions et des exclusions militantes.
Effect of ascorbic acid, oxygen and storage duration on patulin in cloudy apple juice produced on a semi-industrial scale
Authors: Assaf C. El Hajj , De Clercq N. , De Paepe E. , Vlaemynck G. , Van Coillie E. , Van Pamel E.
Published: September 2020

Patulin (PAT), a mycotoxin mainly produced byPenicillium expansum, is of high concern with regard to human food safety. This study examined the stability of PAT in artificially contaminated cloudy apple juice (CAJ) produced on a semi-industrial scale using an innovative technology allowing degassing and pressing under low-oxygen conditions (VaculIQ 1000). The effects of adding ascorbic acid (AA), degassing during production and storing in the dark at 20 °C on the PAT concentration were studied, as well as possible degradation and reaction products formed. The highest PAT degradation (50%) was observed for flash-pasteurised juice with AA added, produced under low-oxygen conditions and degassed and stored for 14 days at 20 °C in the dark in aluminium laminate aseptic bags. Juices produced showed no significant differences in the quality parameters measured and did not show significant formation of reaction products. Further research needs to be focused on the fate of PAT in CAJ produced on an industrial level with and without addition of AA.
Canonical Wnts Mediate CD8+ T Cell Noncytolytic Anti–HIV-1 Activity and Correlate with HIV-1 Clinical Status
Authors: Wallace Jennillee , Narasipura Srinivas D. , Sha Beverly E. , French Audrey L. , Al-Harthi Lena
Published: September 2020

CD8+ T cells do not rely solely on cytotoxic functions for significant HIV control. Moreover, the noncytotoxic CD8+ T cell antiviral response is a primary mediator of natural HIV control such as that seen in HIV elite controllers and long-term nonprogressors that does not require combined antiretroviral therapy. In this study, we investigated the biological factors contributing to the noncytotoxic control of HIV replication mediated by primary human CD8+ T cells. We report that canonical Wnt signaling inhibits HIV transcription in an MHC-independent, noncytotoxic manner and that mediators of this pathway correlate with HIV controller clinical status. We show that CD8+ T cells express all 19 Wnts and CD8+ T cell–conditioned medium (CM) induced canonical Wnt signaling in infected recipient cells while simultaneously inhibiting HIV transcription. Antagonizing canonical Wnt activity in CD8+ T cell CM resulted in increased HIV transcription in infected cells. Further, Wnt2b expression was upregulated in HIV controllers versus viremic patients, and in vitro depletion of Wnt2b and/or Wnt9b from CD8+ CM reversed HIV inhibitory activity. Finally, plasma concentration of Dkk-1, an antagonist of canonical Wnt signaling, was higher in viremic patients with lower CD4 counts. This study demonstrates that canonical Wnt signaling inhibits HIV and significantly correlates with HIV controller status.
Visual impairment among commercial intercity vehicle drivers in Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim Usman Shehu , Jalo Rabiu Ibrahim , Tsiga-Ahmed Fatimah Isma’il , Abdullahi Hadiza Musa , Gajida Auwal Umar , Ibrahim Usman Muhammad , Ayaba Aminatu Kwaku , Abdullahi Nafisat Tijjani , Idris Abdullahi , Gboluwaga Taiwo Amole
Published: September 2020

Good vision is an essential component of safe driving and it is one of the most important requirements for commercial drivers. Little is known about the visual acuity of commercial drivers and the perceived effect on driving in our setting. The study assessed the prevalence and pattern of visual impairment among commercial intercity vehicle drivers in Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria. A systematic sampling technique was used to select 172 commercial intercity vehicle drivers in four major motor parks in Dutse. All respondent were tested for distance visual acuity using Snellen’s tumbling E chart and categorised as normal (VA≥6/12) or vision impaired (VA<6/12). Drivers with impaired vision were further assessed to determine those due to uncorrected refractive error. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20.0. The mean age (±SD) of the respondents was 41.7 (±11.1) years. Prevalence of visual impairment was found to be 11.0% (n=19). Of those with visual impairment, majority (n=16; 84.2%) had impairment relating to uncorrected refractive errors, while the rest (n=3; 15.8%) had impairment originating from background pathology (diabetes, cataract and glaucoma). A third (32%) of the respondents had been involved in Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) in the past. However, there was no statistically significant association between visual impairment and involvement in RTA (χ²= 0.002, p= 0.90). Visual impairment mainly in the form of uncorrected refractive error was prevalent among commercial drivers in Dutse. Government and trade unions should introduce programs to ensure provision of appropriate eye care for all commercial drivers in the state.
Pinna High Grade Trichoblastic Carcinoma, a Report
Authors: Yaacoub Elie , El Borgi Joseph , Challita Raymond , Sleiman Ziad , Ghanime George
Published: September 2020

Trichoblastic carcinoma is a rare malignant hair follicle tumor. It resembles basal cell carcinoma clinically, but different studies emphasize on the importance of differentiating between these two cancers since they have different clinical course which may affect treatment options and follow up. Regardless of its aggressive behavior, no consensus is present for the treatment of trichoblastic carcinoma. We presented the third case of pinna trichoblastic carcinoma, which was surgically excised and followed up for two years post-surgery.
Changes in Radiographic Parameters Following Chiropractic Treatment in 10 Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: Pu Chu Eric Chun , Chakkaravarthy Diya Midhun , Huang Kevin Hsu Kai , Ho Vicky Wei Kye , Lo Fa-Sain , Bhaumik Amiya
Published: September 2020

This retrospective chart review was undertaken to investigate the role of chiropractic intervention for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Ten cases of patients with AIS, mean age 13.3 years, undergoing chiropractic adjustment were retrospectively evaluated. Chart review was performed to extract age, medical history and treatment intervention. The magnitude of scoliosis was quantified using the Cobb method on standing radiographs. A comparison of the measurements from pre- and post-treatment radiographs revealed that Cobb angle reduced from average 29.7° down to average 23.4° (average 21.2% correction). Improvements in spinal morphologies were observed in most curves (64%, n=9/14) and curve stabilization in the rest (36%, n=5/14). A better correction was obtained in cases of mild and moderate AIS. In terms of stabilizing progression (≤5o curve progression) or correcting curvatures (≥6° reduction), radiological changes were observed in all patients.
Variations in climate and global spread of COVID-19: Implications for control in tropical and warmer climates
Authors: Dar Osman , Zumla Alimuddin , Hollmann Lara , Khan Mishal , Tajudeen Raji , Dar Fazal Karim
Published: September 2020

Health and climatic changes have been linked for centuries. Viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites are sensitive to environmental conditions including ambient temperature, humidity, smog, and other climatic factors like exposure to sunlight. Viral respiratory tract infections such as seasonal influenza are known to become epidemic primarily during cold weather conditions influenced also by population density and travel patterns. The winter months in China are from November to March. The SARS-CoV-1 outbreak commenced in Guangdong Province, in November 2002 and the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Wuhan in early December 2019. Understanding how the emergence and spread of COVID-19 could be affected by climatic conditions may be an important aspect for disease control. As of August 4th 2020, 18 142 718 confirmed cases and 691 013 deaths have been reported to the WHO from all continents [...].
Giorgio Agrifoglio
Authors: Bonadeo Piero
Published: September 2020

This paper is part of the monographic issue: ‘Did the Masters of the past know the future? History and update of Italian Phlebolymphology’

Guest editor: Alberto Macciò (Phlebology - Part I edited by G. Agus; Phlebology - Part II edited by P. Bonadeo; Lymphology edited by F. Boccardo)
Gaspare Aselli’s serendipity
Authors: Macciò Alberto
Published: September 2020

This paper is part of the monographic issue: ‘Did the Masters of the past know the future? History and update of Italian Phlebolymphology’

Guest editor: Alberto Macciò (Phlebology - Part I edited by G. Agus; Phlebology - Part II edited by P. Bonadeo; Lymphology edited by F. Boccardo)
Survey of International Experience Opportunities for Athletic Training Students and Faculty
Authors: Wright Cynthia J. , Frank Eva M.
Published: September 2020

Context

International topics in athletic training are gaining recognition. Particularly interesting are opportunities for athletic training students to gain international experiences and develop cultural competence through study abroad. However, little is known about current international experience opportunities for these students.

Objective

To identify international experience opportunities for athletic training students, investigate student and faculty participation, and describe characteristics of institutions and programs offering such experiences.

Design

Survey.

Setting

Online.

Patients or Other Participants

All directors of Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education–accredited professional athletic training programs were recruited. The response rate was 41.9% (163/389).

Data Collection and Analysis

An e-mail soliciting participation was sent in January 2019. The online survey had 4 sections: (1) questions about athletic training–related international experiences, (2) questions about discipline-related international experiences, (3) questions about athletic training faculty or student participation, and (4) demographic questions about the program or institution. Data were analyzed descriptively. The characteristics of programs offering athletic training–related international experiences were compared with programs offering discipline-related international experiences using χ2 tests for degree level, institution type, and athletic division.

Results

Twenty-nine programs (17.8%) offered athletic training–related international experiences and 68 programs (41.7%) offered discipline-related experiences. Private universities were more likely to offer an athletic training–related experience, and public universities more likely to offer a discipline-related experience (χ2 = 4.197, df = 1, P = .04). There were no other differences between institution types, program degree levels, or athletic divisions (all P > .05). Some programs reported no recent athletic training student (44%) or athletic training faculty (58%) participation in any international experience.

Conclusions

A minority of programs currently offer either athletic training–related or discipline-related international experiences. Characteristics of available programs vary widely. To keep pace with professional globalization, future work should identify ways to develop international experiences.
Anti-mitotic and anti-proliferation potentials of aqueous and methanolic extracts of fermented Citrullus vulgaris (ogiri-egusi) seeds
Authors: Ayo-Lawal R.A. , Azeez S.O. , Osoniyi O.
Published: September 2020

There is a growing scientific evidence of the health-enhancing benefits of fermented food and beverages, especially in cancer prevention and  treatment. Ogiri-egusi is an indigenously fermented condiment consumed in some West African countries, and prepared mainly from natural fermentation of melon (Citrullus vulgaris) seeds. The condiment has been previously reported to possess anti-oxidative and anti hyperlipid emic properties. In this study, different concentrations of ogiri-egusi extracts were exposed to actively dividing cells from Allium cepa meristematic roots and Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the antimitotic and antiproliferative investigations, respectively. There was a statistically significant reduction in mitotic activities of the treated A. cepa meristematic cells compared to the untreated cells. The mitotic index (MI) of the untreated cells was 28.38 ± 4.58. At a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml, the extracts induced a reduction in the MI to 6.02 ± 2.74 and 4.94 ± 0.61 in the aqueous and methanolic extracts- treated cells, respectively. Some chromosomal aberrations were also observed. In addition, proliferation in yeast cells was significantly inhibited at all the concentrations of the aqueous extract examined as well as at the highest concentration of the methanolic extract. These results provide useful insights to the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of fermented Citrullus vulgaris.

Keywords: Fermented Citrullus vulgaris, Allium cepa, antiproliferation, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity
Mutagenic effects of sodium azide on the survival and morphological characters of tomato varieties
Authors: Adeosun C.A. , Elem K.A. , Eze C.D.
Published: September 2020

Sodium Azide (SA)-induced mutagenic variability was studied on four tomato varieties namely Roma vf, Roma savannah, Tropimech and Tima. The SA concentrations used were 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5% and 0.7%, with 0.0% as control to determine the percentage emergence and growth parameters of the tomato varieties. The plant seeds were pretreated with the various concentrations of the mutagen before planting. The seedlings were raised in the nursery and transplanted after 30 days of planting into the field in polythene bags filled with 70g of a mixture of soil and farm yard manure. The experiment was carried out in randomised complete block design with three replicates. Increase in SA concentration caused a remarkable decrease in the percentage emergence and all other growth parameters evaluated. The effect of the interaction between variety and SA concentration revealed that the interaction was not significantly different from the control at P≤0.05 on the number of leaves, number of branches and leaf length, but the difference was significant for plant height. Formation of two stems was observed at 0.3% Sodium Azide for Roma vf. variety. The 0.1% and 0.3% concentrations of Sodium Azide seem to be promising treatments under the experimental conditions and thus could be used to induce variations for tomato crop improvement. Tima and Roma savannah performed better and were resistant to the mutagen than other varieties, hence they can be recommended as good varieties for further breeding purposes; also Sodium Azide could be a good mutagen for the improvement of tomato plants.

Keywords: Tomato, growth characters, mutagenic, Sodium Azide, morphological variability.
Public Toilets in a tertiary institution in the Southern part of Nigeria as Potential Reservoirs of Drug Resistant Pathogens
Authors: Otokunefor K. , Chijioke D.C. , Kalio J.A. , Abu G.O.
Published: September 2020

Toilets have long been viewed as a significant potential contributor to human infectious diseases. Various studies worldwide have explored the bacterial communities associated with toilets but only few have focused on their possible role as reservoirs of drug resistant pathogens. To explore this role, four different surfaces from a pay-to-use toilet complex at a tertiary institution in the Southern part of Nigeria were sampled using the swab-rinse technique. Sample processing was done to determine bacterial load, identify bacterial types present in the samples and determine antibiotic susceptibility using standard techniques. Similar levels of bacterial contamination were observed at all the 14 sampling points ranging from 3.6×104 to 2.7×105 CFU. A higher level of contamination was generally noted on the door handles and floor surfaces. Of the ten different bacterial groups identified, Shigella sp. and Salmonella sp. were the predominant groups (20.6% each). The test isolates showed a wide rate of resistance to antibiotics, with the highest observed against ofloxacin (98.3%) and the least against ceftriaxone (44.4%). Forty-three different antibiogram patterns were detected among the test isolates. Most of the bacteria (63.2%) were associated with MAR index values greater than 0.8. This study shows that public toilets could play a role not just as a reservoir of potential pathogens but more specifically as a potential reservoir of drug resistant pathogenic microorganisms with high MAR indices.

Keywords: Toilet, Reservoir, MAR index, Nigeria
Effect of parity on reproductive performance sows of different breeds
Authors: Klimas R. , Klimienė A. , Sobotka W. , Kozera W. , Matusevičius P.
Published: September 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of parity on reproductive performance by sows of different breeds. The sows were raised on three farms, and had seven or more litters of not fewer than seven piglets. A total of 1511 litters from various parities of Lithuanian White (N =721), Large White (N = 162) and Landrace (N = 628) sows were contained in the data that were used in this study. Multiparous sows had larger litters than primiparous sows. Piglet survival rate declined from parity 7. An increase in litter size was observed until parity 5 in Large White and until parity 6 in improved Lithuanian White (P <0.05). In comparison with parity 1, Landrace sows up to parity 5 showed not only increased prolificacy, but also increased number and litter weight of piglets at 21 days old, and the number and litter weight of weaned piglets (P <0.01). The current findings indicate that sows of these breeds can be used effectively in breeding herds until parity 5 and parity 6.Keywords: Landrace, Large White, Lithuanian White, litter size
Forage allowances offered to pregnant ewes until middle and late gestation: Organ priorities on foetus development
Authors: Abud M. J. , Bielli A. , Ithurralde J. , Freitas-de-Melo A. , Álvarez-Oxiley A. , López-Pérez Á. , Ungerfeld R. , Pérez-Clariget R.
Published: September 2020

Effect of forage allowance before conception and until mid or late gestation was evaluated for effects on foetal and neonatal weights, carcass, nervous systems, metabolic and reproductive organ weights, body dimensions, and variation in intensity of the effects among organs. Effects of two forage allowances, HFA: high forage allowance (2.9 - 3.8 kg of dry matter (DM)/kg bodyweight (BW)) and LFA: low forage allowance (1.4 - 2.6 kg DM/kg BW) were evaluated from 23 days before conception until 70 or 122 days postpartum. On gestation day 70, nine ewes per treatment, each carrying one male foetus, were euthanized and their foetuses were removed. The foetuses were weighed, their carcass and organ weights were recorded, and their external genitalia dimensions were measured. Nine additional lambs per treatment were euthanized 12 hours after birth and the same data were recorded. Hearts from day 70 LFA foetuses were lighter, their external genitalia were smaller, and their foetal weight tended to be less than in HFA. Newborn lambs from LFA ewes had lighter carcasses, livers, kidneys, adrenal glands and testes, shorter penises, but higher brain to liver weight ratios than in HFA. The cerebellum, brain, and heart weights of LFA and HFA newborn lambs did not differ. Low forage allowance until late gestation influenced both foetal and lamb weights and affected organ weights differentially. Thus, the treatments induced differences in prioritization of nutrients, with the central nervous system receiving the highest priority, and carcass and external genitalia the lowest.

Keywords: foetal programming, intrauterine growth restriction, lambs, undernutrition
Antibiotic-free diet supplemented with live yeasts decreases inflammatory markers in the ileum of weaned piglets
Authors: Bautista-Marín S. , Escobar-García K. , Molina-Aguilar C. , Mariscal-Landín G. , Aguilera-Barreyro A. , Díaz-Muñoz M. , Reis de Souza T.C.
Published: September 2020

Emerging bacterial resistance to antibiotics increases the need for effective alternatives to control intestinal inflammation and thus gut disorders in piglets. This study evaluated the effects of including Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain 1026) and Saccharomyces boulardii (CNCM I-1079) as antibiotic alternatives in the starter diets of pigs on the concentrations of ileal inflammatory markers (nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-12 subunit p40 (IL-12p40), and villus height. Forty piglets were assigned to four experimental diets, namely basal diet (C−), basal diet with antibiotics (C+), basal diet with S. cerevisiae (Sc), and basal diet with S. boulardii (Sb). At 7 and 14 days post weaning, five piglets per diet group were euthanized to quantify the inflammatory markers and to measure villus height. The C− group exhibited the highest concentration of inflammatory markers and the most atrophied villi. The Sc group had intermediate values for both variables. The C+ group had the lowest values for inflammatory markers and the highest villus height was similar to that of the Sb group, which showed low concentrations of inflammatory markers, although not so low as those of the C+ group. Both yeasts could be used as antibiotic alternatives to reduce the use of antibiotics in pig starter diets. However, S. boulardii CNCM I-1079 supplementation controls inflammation and preserves intestinal mucosa more effectively than S. cerevisiae strain 1026.Keywords: cytokines, pigs, probiotic, Saccharomyces, weaning
Use of phosphatidylcholine in Tris-based extender with or without egg yolk to freeze Bapedi ram semen
Authors: Mafolo K.S. , Pilane C.M. , Chitura T. , Nedambale T.L.
Published: September 2020

Traditionally, egg yolk is a protective agent that is used to freeze semen in various species. However, the addition of egg yolk in extender risks the introduction of disease. Therefore, an alternative cryoprotective agent should be found to preserve ram semen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of phosphatidylcholine (PC) as a protective agent in extender with or without egg yolk on semen characteristics and acrosome integrity of frozen then thawed Bapedi ram semen. Semen was collected from four mature Bapedi rams, in the Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Germplasm Conservation Programme, using an artificial vagina. Following collection, semen samples were randomly diluted into Tris-based extender (1: 2), with and without egg yolk, and supplemented with four concentrations of PC liposome (0 mg/ml), 0.25 mg/ml, 0.5 mg/ml and 0.75 mg/ml). Supplementation of PC liposome in extender with or without egg yolk did not improve the semen total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM) and rapid motility (RM) rate. The sperm cell membrane integrity in extender with or without egg yolk was not influenced by the supplementation of PC liposome after thawing (P >0.05). The addition of PC liposome to Tris-based extender with egg yolk had a similar result to control (Tris-based extender with egg yolk) on sperm cell acrosome integrity. In conclusion, supplementation of PC liposome to Tris-based extender without egg yolk had lower sperm cell viability and motility rates compared with the extender with egg yolk, regardless of concentration.Keywords: acrosome, cryoprotectant, liposome, membrane, motility
Çocuk Hakları ve BM Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesinin Kısa Bir Değerlendirmesi
Authors: CİN Turgay
Published: September 2020

İnsan hakları ihlallerinin ilk kurbanı geçmişte çocuklar olmuştur. Günümüzde de yine çocuklar olmaya devam etmektedir. Ulusal ve uluslararası toplum, bu tür ihlalleri engellemek için bir dizi önlemler almıştır ve günümüzde de almaya devam etmektedir. Bu bağlamda çocukların sorumlulukları, hakları, haklarının korunması, çocuk haklarının ihlâlleri, çocukların hakları bilinmesi, uygulanması hususunda 1989 tarihli BM Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi ile diğer bazı uluslararası metinler önemlidir. Çünkü çocukların özel muameleye, korunmaya, genç yaşlarından dolayı yerine göre yetişkinlerden, devletten yardım, özen ve titizliğe ihtiyaç duyarlar.

1989 tarihli BM Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi çocuğun haklarıyla ilgilidir. Sözleşmeye göre, 18 yaşın altındakiler çocuk sayılmaktadır. Bütün çocuklar haklar bakımından eşittir. Irk, renk, cinsiyet, dil ve diğer durumlar nedeniyle hiçbir ayrımcılık yapılamaz. Çocuğun çıkarı gözetilmelidir. Devletler, gerektiğinde gerekli bakım ve korumayı sağlamalıdır. Taraf Devletler, bahse konu Sözleşmede öngörülen her türlü hukuksal, idari, siyasi ve diğer bütün önlemleri çocuk lehine alacaklardır. Çocuklar yaşama, kendilerini geliştirme hakkına sahiptir. Sözleşmeye Taraf Devletler, çocuğun milli, dini kimliğini, tabiiyetini, ismini ve aile ilişkilerini koruma hakkına saygı göstermeyi, bu konuda hukuk dışı müdahalelerde bulunmamayı taahhüt ederler.
Rate of Voluntary Termination of Unwanted Pregnancy among Undergraduate Students in a Tertiary Institution in North Central, Nigeria
Authors: Utoo BT , Unazi EU , Ojabo AO , Utoo PM
Published: September 2020

Termination of unwanted pregnancies especially if unsafely procured contributes significantly to maternal deaths. This study was designed to determine the rate of voluntary termination of unwanted pregnancies among undergraduate students. It was a cross-sectional study of female university undergraduates. A self administered pre-tested questionnaire was used to elicit information on socio-demographic variables, sexual activities, unwanted pregnancies and voluntary termination. SPSS software version 25.0 was used for analysis. Frequency tables were generated and Chi square was used as a test of statistics. Four hundred and thirty one respondents were studied out of which 304(70.5%) of them have been sexually exposed. The modal age of initiation of sexual intercourse was 20 years.  Most 177(58.2%) has had one sexual partner while 127(41.8%) had multiple sexual partners. The major motivation for sexual activity was found to be pleasure 60.5%, financial reasons 18.1%, peer pressure 9.2 %, and 12.2% gave no reason.  At least one-third 119(39.1%) has had an unwanted pregnant in the past and 63(52.9%) were induced. Among the induced abortions most 32(50.8%) had termination done more than once while 31(49.2%) had it done once. As high as 96.1% were aware of contraceptives and 69.6% had ever used a method in the past .There was statistically significant relationship between unwanted pregnancy and contraceptive usage (p=0.001).The rate of voluntary termination of unwanted pregnancies (52.9%) was high with associated low contraceptive usage. Unrestricted reproductive health information and care should be made accessible and available to these young people.
The “Physica Mosaica” of Johann Heinrich Alsted (1588–1638)
Authors: Čížek Jan
Published: September 2020

Some early modern scholars believed that Scripture provided more certain knowledge than all secular authorities – even Aristotle – or investigating nature as such. In this paper, I analyse one such attempt to establish the most reliable knowledge of nature: the so-called Mosaic physics proposed by the Reformed encyclopaedist Johann Heinrich Alsted. Although in his early works on Physica Mosaica Alsted declares that his primary aim is proving the harmony that exists between various traditions of natural philosophy, namely between the Mosaic and the Peripatetic approaches, and despite the fact that his biblical encyclopaedia of 1625 was intended to be based on a literal reading of the Bible, he never truly abandoned the Aristotelian framework of physics. What is more, in his mature encyclopaedia of 1630, he eventually openly preferred Aristotle to other natural-philosophical traditions. I argue, therefore, that Alsted’s bold vision of Mosaic physics remained unfulfilled and should be assessed as an unsuccessful project of early modern natural philosophy.
Cosmological, Astronomical and Astrological Elements in Sermons of Seventeenth-Century Ruthenian Authors
Authors: Čadajeva Olga
Published: September 2020

The development of oral preaching and the genre of sermon in seventeenth-century Russia was primarily brought about by Ruthenian authors influenced by the Latin tradition, e.g., Ioannikiy Galyatovsky, Lazar Baranovych and Simeon Polotsky. These authors incorporated their general knowledge of cosmology, astronomy and astrology into their homilies, which present a valuable insight into the intellectual background of the period through the prism of cosmological elements used mostly as parts of rhetoric constructions. While the functions of the particular elements of natural philosophy varied in different authors, they shared certain concepts common to both scholastic thought and Baroque aesthetics. Despite being considerably distant from seventeenth-century science, the homilies also served educational purposes and may be perceived as a step towards the Westernisation and secularisation of Russian culture.
Gerbert of Aurillac (Pope Sylvester II) as a Clockmaker
Authors: Otisk Marek
Published: September 2020

Studie analyzuje tři dochované zprávy o Gerbertovi z Aurillacu (zvaný také z Remeše, z Ravenny nebo z Bobbia, v letech 999–1003 papež Silvestr II.) jako konstruktérovi hodin. Benediktinský mnich Vilém z Malmesbury (zemřel kolem 1143) v Dějinách anglických králů píše o Gerbertových hodinách vyrobených v Remeši a popisuje je jako arte mechanica compositum. Benediktin Arnold Wion (zemřel kolem 1610) zmiňuje ve Stromu života, že Gerbert v Ravenně sestrojil vodní hodiny. Dětmar z Merseburgu (zemřel 1018) popisuje ve své Kronice horologium s pozorovací trubicí (fistula) z Magdeburgu. Tyto tři reference jsou analyzovány z historického hlediska a zejména Vilémovy a Dětmarovy krátké zprávy jsou interpretovány jako možné odkazy na časoměrné přístroje – astroláb a nokturláb.
Taponamiento cardíaco por ruptura de aneurisma coronario gigante sobre fístulas coronarias: Reporte de un caso inusual
Authors: Chavez Solsol Jorge Francisco , Murillo Pérez Luis Enrique , Heredia Oré Ricardo Suny , Rodríguez Urteaga Zoila , Toribio Salazar María Pilar , Pérez Valverde Yemmy
Published: September 2020

Las fístulas de arterias coronarias son entidades clínicas infrecuentes y su asociación con aneurismas coronarios gigantes, es aún más inusual. La mayoría de las fístulas son asintomáticas, por otro lado, los aneurismas podrían desarrollar síntomas según su diámetro. Presentamos el caso clínico, de un paciente con dolor torácico y arresto cardíaco, que posteriormente desarrolló taponamiento cardíaco con necesidad de cirugía de emergencia, por ruptura de aneurisma coronario gigante desarrollado a partir de fístulas de arterias coronarias confluentes desde dos arterias coronarias hacia la arteria pulmonar.
Amiloidosis cardíaca: Experiencia en un Instituto Cardiovascular de referencia nacionaI
Authors: Muñoz Moreno Juan Manuel , Añorga Ocmin Jose , Espinola García Sandra , Aguilar Cristian , Alarco Walter
Published: September 2020

Objetivos: Determinar las características clínicas, de imágenes y laboratoriales así como la sobrevida al año del diagnóstico de pacientes con amiloidosis cardíaca en un hospital de referencia nacional.

Materiales y métodos: Estudio de serie de casos. Evaluamos las características clínicas, exámenes complementarios y supervivencia de pacientes con amiloidosis cardíaca diagnosticados, tratados y seguidos en el servicio de Cardiología Clínica del Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular - INCOR EsSalud.

Resultados: Se encontraron 8 pacientes con diagnóstico de amiloidosis cardíaca. La mediana de la edad fue 64.5 años y el 75% de sexo masculino. La etiología fue amiloidosis cardíaca no especificada (25%), amiloidosis cardíaca transtiretina (37.5%) y amiloidosis cardíaca de cadenas ligeras (37.5%). La insuficiencia cardíaca sintomática (NYHA II-III) fue la presentación inicial más común (87.5%). Las manifestaciones extracardíacas más frecuentes fueron: neuropatía sensitivo-motora (62.5%), muscu- loesqueléticas (37.5%), nefropatía (25%), síndrome de túnel carpiano bilateral (25%), gammapatías monoclonales (25%) y efusión pleural refractaria (25%). La sobrevida al año fue del 75% y la causa de muerte en los 2 fallecidos fue muerte súbita.

Conclusiones: En este estudio sobre amiloidosis cardíaca en un centro especializado las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes fueron la insuficiencia cardíaca y la neuropatía sensitivo-motora. La mortalidad fue del 25% al año, y en todos los casos como muerte súbita.
Falla cardiaca con fracción de eyección preservada: un problema de la cardiología contemporánea
Authors: Saldarriaga-Giraldo Clara , Ramirez Ramos Cristhian Felipe , Gallego Catalina , Castilla-Agudelo Gustavo , Aranzazu-Uribe Mateo , Saldarriaga-Betancur Santiago
Published: September 2020

La falla cardíaca con fracción de eyección preservada (FCFep) constituye una entidad frecuente, sub- diagnosticada, que implica un gran reto diagnóstico y terapéutico. Datos actuales reportan una tendencia al incremento en su prevalencia, incluso por encima de la falla cardíaca con fracción de eyección reducida (FCFer). La fisiopatología es compleja e implica la contribución de múltiples factores como la interrelación genética, condiciones del estilo de vida y alta carga de condiciones crónicas (cardíacas y no cardíacas); lo cual lleva a la remodelación, mal adaptación y rigidez cardíaca, expresándose de manera tardía en síntomas como disnea, intolerancia al ejercicio y fatiga. Aunque la mortalidad y la tasa de supervivencia acumulada para pacientes con FCFep es tan igual como la de los pa- cientes con FCFer, ningún agente terapéutico ha mostrado de manera global efectividad en este tipo de pacientes, por lo que futuras propuestas arriesgan por un enfoque más individualizado en base al fenotipo de cada paciente.
Infección por SARS-COV2 en receptores de trasplante cardiaco.
Authors: Yarahuaman Mora Jhoel Braiyn , Muñoz Moreno Juan Manuel , Alarco-León Walter
Published: September 2020

Desde los primeros reportes de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en el mes de diciembre de 2019 en Wuhan, China, hemos sido testigos de su propagación mundial y de las graves complicaciones que ha ocasionado en miles de pacientes. En la población de riesgo se encuentran los receptores de trasplantes de órganos sólidos quienes son especialmente vulnerables por su condición de inmuno-suprimidos. Aún no existe suficiente información sobre la presentación, curso clínico, manejo y pronóstico de la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) en estos pacientes. Presentamos dos casos de pacientes trasplantados cardíacos con infección por SARS-CoV-2 atendidos en un instituto de Cardiología de la ciudad de Lima, Perú.
La investigación médica en tiempos de COVID-19
Authors: Chacón-Diaz Manuel
Published: September 2020

El 6 de marzo del 2020, se detectó en el Perú el primer caso de la enfermedad COVID-19; cien días después, más de un cuarto de millón de personas han sido reportadas como contagiadas y más de ocho mil como fallecidas; aunque la verdadera magnitud de la pandemia definitivamente debe tener resultados mucho más abultados.
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENULARAN TYPHOID ABDOMINALIS PADA PASIEN YANG BEROBAT DI KLINIK DOA BUNDA KABUPATEN JAYAPURA
Authors: Putri Ni Kadek Siska Wernita , Yaroseray Mais Maikel , Rohmani Rohmani
Published: September 2020

Typhoid abdominalis adalah penyakit infeksi akut usus halus yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Salmonella typhi atau Salmonella paratyphi A, B dan C. Penularan typhoid abdominalis dapat melalui fecal dan oral yang masuk ke dalam tubuh manusia melalui makanan dan minuman yang terkontaminasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi penularan typhoid abdominalis pada pasien yang berobat di Klinik Doa Bunda Kabupaten Jayapura. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan rancangan case control. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 48 responden yaitu 24 responden pasien kasus/sakit typhoid dan 24 responden pasien kontrol/tidak sakit typhoid yang diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian uji chi square menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh food/makanan (p=0,000), finger/jari kuku (p=0,000), fly/lalat (p=0,000), feces/tinja (p=0,001) dan fomitus/muntahan (p=0,002) terhadap penularan typhoid abdominalis. Hasil uji regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh food/makanan (p=0,010) dan finger/jari kuku (p=0,029) terhadap penularan typhoid abdominalis. Masyarakat hendaknya dapat menjaga pola hidup sehat agar terhindar dari typhoid abdominalis.
PERSEPSI DAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT TENTANG PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM PENGOBATAN MASAL FILARIASIS DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS KOTA JAYAPURA
Authors: Suweni Korinus , Tafor Demianus , Sulistiyani Sulistiyani
Published: September 2020

Penyakit kaki gajah (filariasis) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Pemerintah Propinsi Papua telah melakukan upaya untuk mengeliminasi filariasis melalui pencanangan program pengobatan massal selama 5 tahun dimulai tahun 2015 sampai tahun 2020 setiap bulan Oktober. Pelaksanaan program pengobatan massal telah dilakukan selama 2 tahun, untuk itu perlu dikaji persepsi dan perilaku masyarakat tentang program pengobatan massal tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi gambaran persepsi dan perilaku masyarakat Kota Jayapura tentang program pengobatan massal yang telah dan akan dilakukan. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif eksploratif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam (in-depth interview). Hasil wawancara dibuat dalam transkrip, dianalisis secara content analysis dan disajikan secara naratif. Persepsi informan terhadap program pengobatan massal filariasis bervariasi ada yang positif, hal ini dipengaruhi oleh pemahaman program dengan baik sehingga ada motivasi keterlibatan aktif, sedangkan ada juga yang negatif, dikarenakan tingkat pemahaman program pengobatan massal yang kurang, sehingga timbul keraguan dan ketakutan terhadap program tersebut. Sama halnya dengan perilaku informan terhadap program pengobatan massal filariasis, ada yang positif karena memiliki pemahaman yang baik maka informan tersebut berperilaku positif dan berperan aktif dalam program pengobatan, sedangkan informan yang berperilaku negatif disebabkan karena memiliki pemahaman yang kurang, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap tindakannya untuk tidak minum obat anti filariasis.