bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
موقف الطرابلسيين من الدولة اللبنانية في عهد الانتداب ﴿1920-1943).
Authors: أحمد محمد الزين
Published: February 2024

أثناء الحرب الكونية الأولى، كانت بريطانيا وفرنسا تعملان على أقسام النفوذ في المنطقة العربية في بلاد الشام والواحة، بموجب إتفاقية سايكس بيكو .

العامل الأساس الذي دخل الجو السياسي مع نهاية المرحلة العثمانية كان تصدي الشريف حسين بن علي لمهمة طرد العثمانيين من بلاد الشام، ووقوفه إلى جانب الحلفاء ضد الدولة العثمانية المسلمة .

مع إنتصار الحلفاء العام 1918 م، كانت ترتسم في أفق بلاد الشام , خريطة سياسية جديدة تقسم سورية إلى مجموعة من الدول، مما يشكل حالة جديدة للواقع السياسي في هذه المنطقة التب لم تعرف خلال الأربعماية سنة الأخيرة من تاريخها غير هيئة سياسية واحدة أعني بها الدولة العثمانية .

     هذا الواقع السياسي الجديد، اتجه بالطوائف والجماعات الموجودة في المنطقة إلى مواقع ومواقف سياسية جديدة لم نكن نعهدها . فالمسلمون، السنة منهم تحديداً، ظلوا على ولائهم الضمني للدولة العثمانية، وعلى ولاء علني مستجد وهو الولاء للدولة العربية الوليدة والمتمثلة بسوريا تحت تاج الملك فيصل بن الشريف حسين، وقائد القوات العربية التي دخلت دمشق متحالفة مع الحلفاء .

  أما في المناطق فقد كان لإعلان ملكية فيصل، والنظرة إلى سوريا مملكة عربية واحدة، صداه الإيجابي في المناطق الإسلامية وصداه المجانب في المناطق المسيحية . لهذا السبب راحت وفود من لبنان وتحديداً من القيادات المسيحية تذهب إلى إجتماعات مؤتمر الصلح في باريس مطالبة بكيان لبناني مستقل عن الإرتباط بسورية .

ما هو موقف طرابلس وقياداتها من هذا الحدث الكبير ؟

في العهد العثماني كانت طرابلس تضم ميناء يقع في وسط ساحل بلاد الشام، وكان بذلك الميناء الأهم بالنسبة للمدن السورية : حلب وحماة وحمص .
The Translator's Dilemma: Ethics and Mediation in Cross-Cultural Textual Representatio
Authors: Shaymaa Maseer Hasan
Published: February 2024

In this study, "The Translator's Dilemma," a multifaceted and intricate ethical predicament deeply rooted in the landscape of cross-cultural textual representation, has been subject to comprehensive exploration. This research delves into the intricate layers of this dilemma through a meticulous amalgamation of theoretical analysis, insightful case studies, and illuminating interviews with seasoned professional translators. By peeling back the layers of this complex issue, the study sheds light on the myriad challenges faced by translators when confronted with ethical dilemmas and brings to the surface the potential ramifications of ethical transgressions. As a pivotal outcome of this rigorous inquiry, a robust framework for responsible translation practice has been advanced, placing significant emphasis on the principles of transparency, proactive collaboration, profound respect for cultural intricacies, astute awareness of underlying power dynamics, and an unwavering commitment to the ethical and responsible representation of diverse voices and perspectives. Through this framework, the study aims to provide a roadmap for translators to navigate the intricate terrain of ethical decision-making, thereby fostering a more conscientious and inclusive landscape for cross-cultural text representation.
الأحزاب السياسية القائمة في لبنان وأثرها في نظام الحكم.
Authors: أحمد محمد الزين
Published: February 2024

عرف لبنان منذ بداية تكوينه ولغاية وقتنا الحاضر مجموعة من الأحزاب السياسية، وقد لعبت تلك الأحزاب دورها في إدارة السياسة العامة في البلاد، ولا سيما أن بعضها قاد مسيرة الحياة العامة لفترة من الزمن، وتأرجح وضع تلك الأحزاب بين القوة والضعف وصولاً إلى اندثار بعضها وولادة أحزاب جديدة، منها تفرع من سابقاتها، ومنها ولد نتيجة ظروف معينة، كما لوحظ قيام منظمات وأحزاب دينية تم تنظيمها بشكل أو بآخر عسكرياً وسياسياً ولعبت دور مهم في تغيير السياسة اللبنانية عربياً واقليمياً ودولياً مع لحظ ارتباط تلك المنظمات والاحزاب بدول خارجية.
البنى التصويرية في شعر أبي العيناء.
Authors: نورة إبراهيم العنزي
Published: February 2024

تتناول هذه الدراسة التعرف على ظاهرة أسلوبية مهمة، والكشف عنها في ديوان أبي العيناء، وهي ظاهرة السخرية في شعره، بالتحليل وفق البنى التصويرية، إذ يحتوي ديوان الشاعر على مجموعة من الأساليب المتنوعة، والتي عمد لتوظيفها بطريقة فنية مؤثرة في أفهام الناس وعقولهم، والتعبير عن عالمه النفسي في سياق أشعاره، وقد سعت هذه الدراسة إلى إيضاح الجانب الفني البلاغي لفن السخرية في شعر أبي العيناء، وإبراز الإنتاج الأدبي لأحد شعراء العصر العباسي، بمنهجية أسلوبية حديثة .

    وتكمن أهمية البحث في دراسة ظاهرة السخرية بمنهجية حديثة، والوقوف على جمالية النص، وقوة تأثيرها على المتلقي، تختلف تمامًا عمّا سبقها من دراسات، فالدِّراسات السابقة بعضها جاء بصورة عامة، غير مفردة الشاعر بدراسة شعرية خاصة. وقد استعنت بالمنهج الأسلوبي في النقد والتحليل، حيث استعرضت في هذا البحث البنى التصويرية وأبرز فنونها( التشبيه الساخر، والاستعارة الساخرة، الكناية الساخرة) مبينة كيف أسهمت هذه البنى في إبراز جمالية النص الشعري، واستجلاء ملكة الشاعر اللغوية. وتكشف هذه الدراسة عن قدرة الشاعر الإبداعية في صوغ قصائده لتكتسي جمالاً أسلوبياً واضحاً في السياق الشعري، وكذلك تنوع أبو العيناء في تخيره للقوافي الشعرية البسيطة التي لا يمل منها المستمع، إضافة إلى عمق اللغة الشعرية عند الشاعر وتفاعلها مع نفسية المتلقي ، وكثرة البحور المستخدمة في الخطاب الشعري عند أبي العيناء كالطويل والكامل وغيرها . كذلك إن الاستعارة والتشبيه والكناية تعد من أساليب السخرية البارزة في شعر أبي العيناء، وهذا ما يدل على سعة ثقافته وقوة استيعابه للتراث الأدبي .                                              

ومن أبرز التوصيات والمقترحات تشجيع الباحثين على تناول أدب الشاعر من منظوره النثري وتكثيف الدراسات من منظور المناهج الحديثة التي لها دورها الفعال لخدمة العقول ورقيها.
الآثار الاجتماعية للفتوحات الإسلامية في العصر الأموي (العراق انموذجاً )
Authors: كردي أحمد  , الاستاذ الدكتور حسن مبيض
Published: February 2024

تعد فترة تأسيس الدولة الأموية نقطة تحول كبيرة وخطيرة جدا في التاريخ الإسلامي، وذلك راجع للأحداث السياسية والعسكرية الخطيرة التي سبقتها، إلا أن كل المؤرخين يجمعون على أن فترة حكم الدولة الأموية أكثر أيام المسلمين امتداداً ونفوذا، ففي عهد الخلفاء الراشدين رضي الله عنهم، كانت رقعة بلاد الإسلام تمتد على شبه الجزيرة العربية وبلاد الشام والجزء الغربي من بلاد فارس والعراق، إلا أن دولة بني أمية لما استتب لها حكم الدولة الإسلامية، استأنفت على سنة الخلفاء الراشدين حركة الفتوحات، فامتدت الدولة الإسلامية على مجالٍ جغرافي واسع بلغ ثلاثة أضعاف مساحتها قبل الأمويين، فأصبحت تمتد من بلاد السند شرقاً إلى المغرب الأقصى والأندلس غربا، هذه الدولة التي لن تعمر طويلا، إلا أنها ستترك بصماتها على جدران التاريخ الإسلامي، وتمتد على ثلاث قارات(آسيا، إفريقيا، أوروبا).

حيث تربّعَ معاوية بن أبي سفيانَ على عرش حكم الدولة الإسلامية، وأرسى قواعد الدولة بدمشق التي كان واليا عليها واصبح يرسم معالم مستقبل دولة أراد أن يؤسسها، لكنه لم يستبق وقائع التاريخ وقوانينه، بل سار معها وأفاد منها، إلى أن تحقق له ما أراد، ليصبحَ معاوية بن أبي سفيان أول ملِكٍ في الإسلام، إذ بعد معركة صفين التي وقعت بينه وبين جيش علي رضي الله عنه عام 37 هـ، والتي انتهت نهاية غير حاسمة، استغل معاوية نتائجها سريعا، فضم مصر إلى ولاية الشام عام 38هـ، ثم سيطر على الحجاز سنة 40هـ، وهو العام الذي استشهد فيه علي بن أبي طالب غدراً، وبويع ابنه الحسن رضي الله عنهم جميعا،استقرت الأوضاع السياسية الداخلية للدولة الإسلامية نسبيا، الشيء الذي استفاد منه معاوية بن أبي سفيان لتنفيذ مشروعه الكبير بمد نفوذ الدولة إلى أقصى مدى يمكن تحقيقه، لذا تابع العرب فتوحاتهم في المناطق الشرقية للدولة العربية الإسلامية، حيث شملت منطقتين هما بلاد ما وراء النهر (الدول المسلمة الواقعة جنوب روسيا حاليا، ويقصد بالنهر المذكور "نهر جيحون" الذي يسمى اليوم "نهر أموداريا" في أوزبكستان)و بلاد السند (باكستان والهند): قاد الفتوحات في بلاد السند "محمد بن القاسم الثقفي" الذي تمكن من فتح مدينة "الديبل" (كراتشي حاليا)، وتابع زحفه شمال السند حتى وصل إلى كشمير على حدود الهند.واستغل الأمويون اضطراب الأوضاع الداخلية للإمبراطورية البيزنطية والصراعات السياسية على الحكم فيها، فحققت جيوشهم انتصارات مهمة استطاعوا من خلالها رد الأخطار البيزنطية واسترجاع العديد من الثغور الإسلامية على سواحل البحر الأبيض المتوسط، علاوة على سيطرتهم على أجزاء واسعة من "أرمينيا"، وبدأت فتوحات الدولة الاموية في اتجاه شمال إفريقيا، إذ لما استتب لبني أمية أمر الدولة الإسلامية، وهدأت الأوضاع نسبيا، استأنف المسلمون فتوحاتهم ليفتحوا شمال افريقيا ويعبروا البحر وصولا الى الاندلس.
Impact of Technology on Auditing: Evidence in Developing Countries
Authors: Alwadie Abeer
Published: February 2024

Developing countries face unique challenges in ensuring good governance and effective use of resources, which necessitates technology for auditing as traditional methods struggle to address them adequately. Auditor shortages and funding constraints make it difficult to effectively cover public and private entities; hence, most developing countries’ technology adoption is still in its infancy. In recent years, public entities and private organizations are increasingly using digital systems for financial transactions, creating a vast amount of electronic data that requires real-time monitoring. Technology has made companies focus on internal auditing to evaluate the effectiveness of internal controls in influencing performance and detecting errors. Internal auditing systems root out irregularities leading to poor decisions and enable companies to achieve their goals, and technology has made the process fast and reliable. Auditors can analyze huge volumes of structured and unstructured data in the company while accessing 100% of user data to eliminate fraud and inconsistencies. Internal audit is considered an important factor in business because it enables the business to stay on course by reporting the company’s financial performance. The purpose of this paper is to examine how Malaysia adopted technology and revolutionized internal auditing.
Ritual Practices Within the Frame of Pilgrimage to the Tombs of the Just in Judaism
Authors: Foqara Mohammad
Published: February 2024

The article explores the associated beliefs and rituals, Shrines are the graves of righteous saints among the Jews. The practices and rituals performed by visitors to the graves of the righteous among the Jews were analyzed and discussed, and these actions were discussed extensively so that the reader would forget to understand the nature of these rituals and actions that take place at the grave of the righteous according to the point of view, religion, justice and traditions of the Jewish religion. It must be noted that to this day, there are still many people who still perform and in similar practices participate. Relationships existing between different population groups.
Improvement of heat-sealing strength of chitosan-based composite films and product costs analysis in the production process
Authors: Jongjun Yuthanarong , Prateepchanachai Sarinya , Pornprasert Peema
Published: February 2024

The primary objective of this study was to enhance the heat-sealing strength of composite films made from chitosan and analyze the associated product costs. The approach adopted involved formulating chitosan-based composite films by incorporating gelatin and green seaweed extract. This strategic combination resulted in a notable improvement in heat-sealing strength. The ensuing attributes underwent meticulous examination, encompassing seal strength, FTIR spectroscopy, FE-SEM surface morphology analysis, and DSC thermal properties determination. Data analysis was rigorously conducted using the SPSS program, with outcomes presented as mean values accompanied by standard deviations. Disparities were discerned at a 95% confidence level, ensuring statistical robustness. The findings unveiled that the incorporation of 10% gelatin and 1% green seaweed extract substantially enhanced the seal strength of the chitosan-based composite films. Notably, the introduction of green seaweed extracts disrupted interactions between chitosan's structure and various molecular vibrations. This disruption, coupled with increased ionic interactions and hydrogen bonding, led to improved molecular interdiffusion, ultimately resulting in modified heat sealability. The study identified the optimized conditions as 10% gelatin and 1% green seaweed extract concentrations, which produced the highest seal strength at 19.4 N/m. Further evidence from scanning electron microscopy demonstrated improved interfacial adhesion, attributed to the adjusted surface morphology. The film surface did not contain small scattered particles and presented a smooth phase. This suggests that the chitosan-based composite achieved good interfacial adhesion between the two components in these films. As an essential aspect for practical application, the total production cost of the films was determined to be 606.84 baht. This information renders the data collection from the study valuable for companies seeking to enhance production efficiency and overall profitability.
La Desacreditación hacia el Color
Authors: Gallegos Medina Steven Leonel
Published: February 2024

La presente crítica aborda el tema del racismo estructural y la discriminación racial, destacando la importancia de la conciencia colectiva y los movimientos sociales para combatir este problema. Se mencionan las secuelas del racismo en la sociedad y se hace un llamado a la reflexión y la acción para promover la igualdad de oportunidades y el respeto a la diversidad. También se proporciona una bibliografía relacionada con el tema. Además, se discute cómo el racismo basado en el color de la piel genera desigualdad en áreas como la educación, el empleo, la vivienda y la justicia social. Explorando la historia de la discriminación racial, desde la colonización y la esclavitud hasta la lucha actual por la igualdad. Se analizan conceptos como discriminación, prejuicio racial, estereotipo racial, segregación racial y privilegio racial, y se presentan ejemplos históricos de lucha contra la discriminación racial. Mostrando una reflexión sobre las razones por las que persiste este fenómeno social y se destaca la importancia de trabajar hacia una sociedad justa e inclusiva, donde está no sobresalga por las preferencias raciales, sino más bien por un bien común y derecho igualitario.
Influence of Layout Design Strategy on the Performance of Retail Chains in Nairobi Central Business District.
Authors: Wamuyu Martin Wachira , Ratemo Boniface , Mwai Lydia
Published: February 2024

Operations strategy offers the organization a limitless framework for creating priorities for how to make the greatest use of the assets at hand through effective operational activities in an effort to gain a competitive edge and accomplish managerial goals. The main objective of this study was to establish the influence of layout design strategy on the performance of retail chains in the Nairobi Central Business District. The study was anchored on the resource dependency theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design and the target population was 34 retail chains within the Nairobi CBD area. The sample population involved 80 managers who were in charge of the retail chains in Nairobi CBD. Self-administered structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found that layout design strategy has a positive significant influence on the performance of retail chains in the Nairobi Central Business District. This is because an increase in a unit of layout design strategy leads to an improvement of the performance of the retail chains. The study recommended that retail chains should pay meticulous attention to store layout and product positioning. The study also recommended that regular assessments should be conducted to ensure that products are strategically placed for easy customer identification. Implement a data-driven approach to store layout optimization, considering customer traffic patterns and preferences. This can enhance the overall shopping experience and drive higher sales.
The Effect of Workload on the Performance of Nurses at Muslimat Ponorogo Hospital: Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction as Intervening Variables
Authors: Veprilia Permata Dewi  , Majang Palupi
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This research was purposed to analyze the relation between workload and nurse performance at Muslimat Hospital Ponorogo with work engagement and job satisfaction as intermediary variables. The method used in the research is quantitative with two-stage multiple linear regression as a measuring tool. The number of samples used in the research was 50 nurses at the Muslimat Hospital Ponorogo with various criteria of gender, age, length of work and different educational backgrounds. The research results show that workload directly has a positive and significant effect on performance, workload directly has a positive and significant effect on work engagement, while workload directly has no significant effect on nurse satisfaction. The relationship between work engagement and performance directly and job satisfaction has a significant effect. Meanwhile, work engagement and job satisfaction are considered not to be able to significantly mediate workload on nurse performance.
Desarrollo de competencias profesionales en Patología Veterinaria
Authors: Damián Sandoval Miriam , Rochin Berumen Fabiola Lydie , Martínez Flores Rosa Blanca
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar las últimas tendencias en patología veterinaria, centrándose en el desarrollo de competencias profesionales. Se emplearon estrategias metodológicas que abarcaron la revisión exhaustiva de literatura científica reciente, analizando investigaciones clave publicadas en los últimos cinco años. Los resultados revelaron avances significativos, incluyendo la integración de inteligencia artificial y técnicas de imagen avanzadas en el diagnóstico veterinario, así como desafíos específicos en el diagnóstico de enfermedades en animales exóticos. Se destacó la importancia de la colaboración interdisciplinaria y la adaptabilidad en la práctica veterinaria. Este estudio contribuye a la mejora continua de la atención veterinaria, subrayando la necesidad de innovación y actualización constante para enfrentar los desafíos emergentes en la patología animal.
Electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) with flow cell system using tin-modified copper foam electrode
Authors: Syauqi Muhammad Iqbal , Cahyani Annisa Titi , Putri Yulia Mariana Tesa Ayudia , Jiwanti Prastika Krisma
Published: February 2024

In this study, modification of the copper foam (Cuf) electrode with tin (Sn) was carried out with the electrodeposition method for application in CO2 electroreduction.  Characterization using SEM EDX, FTIR, and XRD confirmed the presence of Cu2O, CuO, and SnO2 thin layer mixture on the Cuf/Sn electrode. The electrochemical characteristics of the electrode were examined by using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. Under optimized conditions, electrochemical reduction of CO2 in a flow cell system. At the optimum condition of CO2 reduction in a flow cell system (flow rate of 75 mL/min and –0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl applied potential), the Cuf/Sn electrode exhibited a remarkable 75.79% with an 8.84 µmol/h formic acid production rate. In a comparable experiment, the Cuf/Sn flow system revealed a twofold improvement in the faradaic efficiency compared to the batch system and a threefold increase compared to the unmodified Cuf electrode in the flow system. Stability tests demonstrated consistent performance up to the 4th cycle, followed by a decline in the 5th cycle, potentially indicative of surface deterioration. The elevated performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of the Cu-Sn oxide layer, reinforcing the catalyst’s potential for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction to formic acid.
Assessment of knowledge and attitude on pharmacovigilance among the healthcare professional and pharmacy student at Dharan
Authors: Thapa Shankar
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Pharmacovigilance is the process of identifying, assigning, and reporting the adverse drug reaction (ADR) to prevent its possible effect of it. There are increasing cases of ADR in Nepal which is affecting the treatment protocol. This is due to the lack of knowledge and practice of pharmacovigilance-related activities.
Methods: It is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted among 105 healthcare professionals and pharmacy students at Dharan. Total 17 open and closed ended structured questions were provided to the participant. Out of 17 questions, 11 were ‘knowledge’ related and 6 were ‘attituded’ related. All the doctors, nurses, and pharmacists working in hospital and pharmacy premises during the data collection period were included. The response of the participant is analyzed by plotting the data on an excel sheet and the result is interpreted.
Result: Almost 93.33% of participants gave a response and more than half of them (n=48; 54.54%) were female. Almost all the healthcare professionals 86.20% (n=50) were positive about establishing an ADR monitoring center in every hospital. Though the majority of respondent defined the term “pharmacovigilance”, less than half were aware the activities of national pharmacovigilance center. This shows that there is a need to address on the important of pharmacovigilance course at college level. The knowledge and attitude of respondents have shown difference with education qualification, age category, and profession category.  
Conclusion: Respondents had moderate to good knowledge about pharmacovigilance and had a positive attitude towards it. Most of them believe that the establishment of a pharmacovigilance center in each hospital is necessary.
Formulation and Evaluation of Topical Gel Containing Nepalese Medicinal Plants
Authors: Gyawali Rajendra , Aryal Sadhana
Published: February 2024

Background: The formulation of herbal gel offers a great advantage in non-sticky products as compared to ointments and creams. Herbs are beneficial for human health containing several phytochemicals. Traditionally herbal preparations are used to enhance and facilitate the quality of the skin.  Therefore, the aim of the present study was to prepare the herbal gel for the use of skin nourishing and help to cure skin related disease.
Methods: Different crude drugs like Aloe (Aloe vera), Neem (Azadiracta indica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa),Onion (Allium cepa), and Basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum) are used to formulate the gel. Selection of these herbs are based on literature review on their individual uses in skin related problems. Formulation was developed from polymer base by experimental design based on previous works. Different compositions of herbs were designed for the formulation study. The water extract of the herb was prepared individually and later on mixed with the gel base ingredients containing carbopol 934, methylparaben and propyl paraben. The gel is subjected to evaluation of organoleptic properties and consistency, pH, and spreadability. Disk diffusion method was used to evaluate the antimicrobial property of the extract. DPPH method was used to determine the antioxidant property of extracts.
Results: The average pH values of the formulations were 6.12 and 5.91, similarly, the spreadability of the two formulations F and S were 9.223 and 9.336 respectively. All the parameters were within the range. The antimicrobial study showed that both of the formulations have strong antimicrobial properties to E.coli.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the developed formulation of different concentrations are safe and within the range of standard. Therefore, we can say that our formulation product is one of the good natural gels which can be considered for the antioxidant benefit.
Challenges and Opportunities for Nurse Managers Working in Nepal's Level II and III COVID Hospitals
Authors: Thapa Pramila , Sigdel Rambha , Shah Tara , Khatiwada Sarita , Yadav Manju
Published: February 2024

Introduction:  Following the COVID-19 outbreak, nurse managers encountered many challenges in carrying out their management duties. There were difficulties with determination and decision-making but there is yet opportunity for improvement. However, there were few studies done in this field; as a result, researchers selected this subject to find out the level of management Awareness (AWE) Challenges (CHA), and Opportunities (OPA) faced by nurse managers as a result of COVID-19, followed by an analysis of the relationship of socio-demographic characteristics such as age, marital status, experiences, and training on awareness (AWE) of the COVID-19 pandemic management.
Methods: Researchers utilized a cross-sectional method and a quantitative approach in this investigation. Purposive sampling approaches were used along with self-administered questionnaires to get the data. Ninety-three nurse managers from different government hospitals in Nepal participated in this study. The validity and reliability of the instrument were examined. Both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, such as regression analysis, were employed.
Results: The finding revealed that; a maximum number of nurse managers have an average level of COVID-19 pandemic management awareness (39%), challenges faced after the COVID-19 pandemic (36%), and opportunities related to the COVID-19 pandemic (35%), respectively.  However, years of work experience and training have shown a positive relationship to enhance awareness.
Conclusion: The nurse managers experienced challenges and had average levels of awareness. However, they also noticed a chance in the learning opportunity. This lesson will teach managers to be ready for upcoming emergencies. Therefore, a study has shown that experienced managers and training could be useful to improve leadership in the healthcare sector.
Quality of Life among Postnatal Mothers attending Immunization Clinic of a Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Budhathoki Roshina , Ghimire Binda
Published: February 2024

Background: Postnatal period is a transition period marked by physical, emotional and relationship changes. Yet, the most neglected period than before and during childbirth. Quality of Life (QOL) is an individual's perception of their position in life in relation to their goals and expectations that indicates unmet needs and intervention outcomes. Demands made by childbirth on mother’s wellbeing can lead to poor QOL in postnatal period. Thus, the objective of the study was to identify QOL among postnatal mothers.
Method: Descriptive cross-sectional research design was used to find QOL. 217 postnatal mothers were selected using convenience sampling technique. Data was collected using structured interview schedule containing WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics i.e. frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation to summarize data and inferential statistics i.e. independent t-test and one way ANOVA to compare domain scores with selected variables.
Result: The highest mean score was on social relationship domain (70.06 ± 14.62) denoting highest QOL in this domain, followed by psychological (68.36 ± 17.90), Physical (67.08 ± 24.79) and environment domain (64.38 ± 16.59) respectively. Significant difference was found between domain scores and age, education, pregnancy type, ANC visit, delivery type, perineal trauma (p<0.05).
Conclusion: QOL of postnatal mother tend to get affected by socio-demographic and obstetric factors. Improving quality and continuity of care from antenatal to postnatal period will help to improve QOL among postpartum mothers.
Academic publishing in Nepal
Authors: Shankar Pathiyil Ravi , KC Bhuvan , Amgain Kapil
Published: February 2024

Globally academic publishing is a high profit industry. Most of the work associated with manuscripts is carried out by academics for free. The article examines the academic publishing industry in Nepal. Most journals in Nepal are published by institutions or societies. Most do not have article processing charges. The issue of Nepalese authors having to pay for publishing in international journals as Nepal is upgraded to a lower-middle-income country is also mentioned.
Obstacles in Implementing Active Learning: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study from a Medical College in Central Nepal.
Authors: Khan Gulam , Shrestha Amit , Timilsina Sameer , Gautam Ajeevan , Shakya Shuvechha
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Education is a dynamic process that needs periodic refining. The lack of innovative teaching techniques in academics makes medical education inadequate in making a significant stride toward the future. Didactic lectures (DL) have been the gold standard and the most common method of traditional teaching and learning practice. Active learning improves the knowledge-sharing process facilitates the development of analytical approaches to problem-solving and develops critical thinking. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, obstacles, and options for implementing active learning among current teaching faculties of different affiliations.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on August 2022 among seventy-eight study participants.  They were instructed to fill in the preformed proforma after obtaining written consent. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS.
Results: Fifty-two (66.7 percent) of participants strongly favored that active learning imparts better content knowledge, with forty-six (59 percent) of participants strongly agreeing that lack of insufficient student-teacher interaction is an obstacle for active learning. Forty-four (56.4 percent) participants strongly agreed that group work facilitates active learning.
Conclusion: Active learning methods can be implemented in the medical curriculum as medical educators are aware of the challenges and obstacles of this teaching-learning method. It can develop lifelong learning skills among students and teachers.
Keywords: Active learning; Didactic learning; Medical education.
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY: A PANACEA FOR SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK REFORMS IN OUR COMMUNITY AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION
Authors: ONARIASE, E. I. O  , ENWELIM, O. J.  , IHENSEKHIEN, I.  , NWABAH, N. I
Published: February 2024

Livestock production plays a vital role in ensuring food security, economic stability, and social wellbeing in many communities worldwide. However, traditional livestock practices often face numerous challenges, such as unsustainable resource management, conflict arising from resource scarcity, limited access to information and support systems. This paper explores the potential of digital technology as a panacea for sustainable livestock reforms and conflict resolution in our community. Digital technology offers transformation opportunities to address these challenges and promote sustainable livestock practices. The intergration of digital tools, precision agriculture, data analytics, internets of things (10T), and artificial intelligence, enables the collection and analysis of real-time data on animal health, nutrition, and environmental conditions. These advancements facilitate evidence-based decision-making, optimize resource allocation, and enhance productivity while reducing environmental impact. Furthermore, digital platforms and mobile application provide accessible and user-friendly interfaces for livestock farmers, extension workers and community members. Moreover digital technology can contribute to conflict resolution within the livestock sector. By enabling transparent and traceable supply chains. Block chain technology helps prevent fraud, reduce theft, ensures fair market transactions, enhance security and mitigate conflicts related to land use, grazing area and resource allocation. However the successful implementation of digital technology for sustainable livestock reforms and conflict resolution will ensure equitable access to digital infrastructure, addressing the digital divide, fostering digital literacy, and considering the specific needs and contexts of different communities. In conclusion, digital technology holds immense potential as a panacea for sustainable livestock reforms and conflict resolution in our community. Embracing digital tools and fostering digital inclusion will pave the way for a resilient and thriving livestock industry that contributes to sustainable development and community well-being.
DIGITAL RESOURCES AND NUTRITION KNOWLEDGE AMONG TEACHERS IN ENUGU METROPOLIS: IMPLICATION ON FAMILY’S CONSUMPTION PATTERN
Authors: OGANAH-IKUJENYO, B. C.  , OKEZUE, S. E.  , OGWU, E. N.
Published: February 2024

This study sought to investigate the role of digital resources in improving teachers’ knowledge of nutrition and how such knowledge of nutrition can influence the family’s nutrition and consumption pattern. To achieve this, two research questions were raised: What is the digital device that teachers get nutrition education more from? How does the knowledge of digital nutrition education impact on their food consumption pattern? The study adopted a cross-sectional design.  Data were analyzed using frequency counts, mean and standard deviation. Results showed that the highest sources of digital nutritional knowledge were YouTube (28.6%), Facebook (24.4%) and Google (15.7%), while WhatsApp was the lowest (6%). Findings also revealed that majority of the respondents apply the nutritional knowledge from these sources in planning and preparing family meals with the intention to advance proper nutrition and healthy living of their families. The study recommended that Ministry of Health in collaboration with the Ministry of Education should develop Nutrition Education materials and upload via YouTube, Facebook, and other social media platforms for teachers to access them.
Applications and effects of «Cold Atmospheric Plasma» in Aesthetics
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica., Pantelopoulou Maria P. , Rallis Efstathios ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica., Kefala Vasiliki ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica.
Published: February 2024

Aging is an unavoidable and natural process for all organs. The aging process of the face is a gradual atrophic progression of soft and hard tissues and takes place gradually, over 3 to 4 decades, with a little clinical evidence. It is eventually recognized by the emergence of furrows and wrinkles together with a loss of tonicity. The consequences of this on the patient’s self-confidence could negatively influence the quality of life in a psychological and social way. Different techniques have been used for removing or improving the signs of ageing. Currently, a physicochemical approach, based on ionized gases, is joining the skin non-surgical treatments. This technology, named Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP), was already used in dermatology to promote wound healing. Today, CAP is entering into the cosmetic field, thus providing a new challenge. In reason of their unique ability to generate a complex chemical mix and thanks to their physical properties, CAPs could be a promising alternative in non-invasive treatment of skin. However, the scientific bases of cold plasma effects on skin and the identification of their exact mechanisms of action, both at the cellular and at the molecular levels, are still lacking and they constitute a new active field of investigation. The present article is a literature review of the applications and effects of «cold atmospheric plasma» in aesthetics.
In vitro skin models. Challenges and Future Steps
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos Str., Egaleo 12243, Athens, Greece, Letsiou Sophia , Beloukas Apostolos ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos Str., Egaleo 12243, Athens, Greece, Rallis Efstathios ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos Str., Egaleo 12243, Athens, Greece, Kefala Vasiliki ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos Str., Egaleo 12243, Athens, Greece
Published: February 2024

The in vitro models have great potential in skin-related research as well as in testing for active ingredients in cosmetics, dermocosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Human skin behavior can be simulated in vitro using a variety of methods ranging from cell monolayer models to complicated organotypic and bioengineered three-dimensional models. Moreover, skin in vitro models offer an excellent alternative to animal testing in cosmetics and some of them are validated to be used as preclinical as-says. However, the in vitro simulation of the whole skin together with its appendages is still in its early stages. In this article we discuss a short evolution of skin models with its challenges and its future.
Development of a proposed Laser Safety Protocol (LSP) for the prevention of eye and skin hazards in Biomedical Laser facilities
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sector of Optics and Optometry, Laboratory of Optical Metrology-LOM, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece, Ninos Georgios , Kefala Vasiliki ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sector of Optics and Optometry, Laboratory of Optical Metrology-LOM, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece, Biskanaki Foteini ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sector of Optics and Optometry, Laboratory of Optical Metrology-LOM, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece, Chaniotis Dimitrios ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sector of Optics and Optometry, Laboratory of Optical Metrology-LOM, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece, Tertipi Niki ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sector of Optics and Optometry, Laboratory of Optical Metrology-LOM, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece, Sfyri Eleni ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sector of Optics and Optometry, Laboratory of Optical Metrology-LOM, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece, Andreou Eleni ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sector of Optics and Optometry, Laboratory of Optical Metrology-LOM, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece, Rallis Efstathios ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sector of Optics and Optometry, Laboratory of Optical Metrology-LOM, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece
Published: February 2024

Usage of LASER radiation applications is very widespread in numerous specific areas of Biomedical Sciences with proven clinical and treatment results. Furthermore, the apparatus used in Biomedical applications are classified in highest power and danger categories (class 3B or 4). Thus, establishing and keeping necessary laser safety measures is crucial for the assurance of health, safety, ergonomics conditions and specially for the prevention of eye and skin hazards, both for biomedical scientists and patients in health and care units of any scale. To our knowledge, the existing protocols in relevant literature, are quite limited and depict only the basic Laser Safety guidelines. The subject of this study is the development of a complete and detailed Laser Safety Protocol to be implemented in all biomedical facilities. The novelty of the proposed LSP is that it is formulated both in extended verbal instructions and, principally, in a “matrix form”, well defined procedure.
The effect of exercise on the quality of the skin
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, GR-12243 Athens, Greece., Tertipi Niki , Sfyri Eleni ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, GR-12243 Athens, Greece., Kefala Vasiliki ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, GR-12243 Athens, Greece., Biskanaki Foteini ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, GR-12243 Athens, Greece., Andreou Eleni ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, GR-12243 Athens, Greece., Chaniotis Dimitrios ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, GR-12243 Athens, Greece., Rallis Efstathios ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, GR-12243 Athens, Greece.
Published: February 2024

The skin is the body's largest organ, serving as the primary barrier against infections and diseases. It is the part of the body that comes into direct contact with the environment. The proper functioning of the skin is influenced by the supply of blood, oxygen, and water. Exercise has numerous health benefits. It aims to strengthen and promote the health and well-being of our body, offering various advantages. It enhances cardiovascular health, reduces the risk of diseases, boosts the immune system, helps us manage stress, and enhances our psychological well-being. It improves overall body function and influences the quality of the skin.
Newer developments in the treatment of aesthetic lesions caused by excessive exposure of the skin to blue light
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Sciences. School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica. Campus 1. Athens, Greece, Koldiri Elpida , Rallis Efstathios ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences. School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica. Campus 1. Athens, Greece, Kefala Vasiliki ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences. School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica. Campus 1. Athens, Greece
Published: February 2024

Blue light, with wavelengths from 400 nm to 500 nm, is an important part of the sun's electromagnetic radiation spec- trum, which is present in human daily life, especially in the modern era due to the increased use of electronic devices through their screens. Low-energy and low time of expo-sure to blue light can enhance the prevention of certain skin conditions such as psoriasis, eczema, and atopic dermatitis, while studies have demonstrated that prolonged expo- sure to high-energy blue light can increase the amount of skin damage. DNA, cell death, skin barrier and fibroblast damage, hyperpigmentation, and photoaging. Therefore, in the fields of aesthetics and cosmetology, it is important to study the problems caused by exposure to the blue radiation spectrum. Improved protection filters, extracts of plant products, a variety of antioxidants, and natural ingredients from plants and algae are added to cosmetic products and compose innovative formulations as part of a comprehensive photoprotection strategy. In recent decades, antiaging strategies have been developed that include minimally invasive treatments with remarkable safety and efficacy and reduced recovery time. A combined approach of these treatments can provide optimal results in repairing the skin damage caused by ultraviolet (UV) and visible radiation and, consequently, in the overall improvement of the appear- ance of photoaged skin.
Etiology of chronic pruritus
Authors:   Laboratory of Dermatology - Aesthetic – Laser Application, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sector of Aesthetics and Cosmetology, School of Health and Care Sciences, Rallis Efstathios , Sfyri Eleni ,   Laboratory of Dermatology - Aesthetic – Laser Application, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sector of Aesthetics and Cosmetology, School of Health and Care Sciences, Tertipi Niki ,   Laboratory of Dermatology - Aesthetic – Laser Application, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sector of Aesthetics and Cosmetology, School of Health and Care Sciences, Kefala Vasiliki ,   Laboratory of Dermatology - Aesthetic – Laser Application, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sector of Aesthetics and Cosmetology, School of Health and Care Sciences
Published: February 2024

Pruritus is considered a very frequent symptom and defined as chronic when its duration is longer than 6 weeks. The prevalence and the etiology of chronic pruritus (CP) are associated with various factors such as, age, atopy, underly- ing diseases, ethnicity, climate and humidity, as well as access to local healthcare system. The CP significantly affects the patients’ quality of life. Over time, patients often report sleep and mood disorders, with a negative psycho-social impact. From skin to brain, pruritus transmission occurs via multiple pathways, which are regulated by numerous cells, mediators, and receptors. A complete history and careful clinical examination are the keys to the diagnostic approach and determining treatment steps. Dermatological examination is essential and sometimes, an extensive laboratory testing must be carried out. The complexity in the presentation of this symptom, its obscure pathophysiology and multifactorial etiology, and the absence of clearly defined therapeutic goals, make CP a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
THE INFLUENCE OF HEDONIC LIFESTYLE AND EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON STUDENT FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR
Authors: Sindy Wahyuni  , Habibburahman
Published: February 2024

Today's lifestyle has become more dominant than just meeting basic needs. Most of the younger generation and college students spend money to fulfill their desires and pleasures by shopping without considering the benefits. This dynamic is influenced by environmental factors, both internal and external as well as technological advances. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether hedonic lifestyle and emotional intelligence are related to the financial behavior of FEB students of Bandar Lampung University (UBL). The sample in this study amounted to 72 students calculated by the Slovin formula. Data analysis is carried out through validity tests, reliability tests, descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression analysis, T tests, F tests, and coefficients of determination. The research findings explained that hedonic lifestyles did not significantly affect students' financial behavior, while emotional intelligence significantly influenced their financial behavior. Taken together or simultaneously, hedonic lifestyle and emotional intelligence have a significant effect on students' financial behavior.
PELATIHAN MAHIR BERBICARA BAHASA INGGRIS HARIAN
Authors: Riyan Maulana  , Rahmad Junaidi  , Nurrizqa
Published: February 2024

Pelatihan Mahir Berbicara bahasa Inggris Harian ini merupakan salah satu program pengabdian masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk memberikan pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris bagi mahasiswa. Kegiatan ini dilakukan oleh dosen STMIK Indonesia Banda Aceh. Kegiatan yang dilakukan selama pelatihan tersebut adalah pemaparan materi Bahasa Inggris dasar menggunakan media presentasi Prezi. Program pengabdian ini didesain untuk melatih mahasiswa STMIK Indonesia Banda Aceh mampu untuk berkomunikasi bahsa bahasa inggris harian. Dengan teknik pelatihan model ceramah dan praktik langsung membuat kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berjaalan dengan baik yang menerangkan bagian- bagian penting dalam belajar bahasa Inggris dan mengetahui cara mengatasi kendala-kendala yang dihadapi saat belajar bahasa Inggris.