bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Degrowth in Practice: Developing an Ecological Habitus within Permaculture Entrepreneurship
Authors: Rocha Robson Silva Sø
Published: July 2022

The literature on degrowth has suffered from only engaging with normative ideas. More recently the degrowth debate has started moving from a normative perspective to close the wide gap that has existed between normative ideas and is analysing how to link ideas to the institutional and cultural environment that shapes practices. To address this challenge, we draw on the work of Pierre Bourdieu in order to examine transformations in the habitus and forms of capital of those who decide to move into sustainable entrepreneurship through permaculture in Brazil. Permaculture represents a vibrant alternative to industrial food production and addresses fundamental contemporary social problems, such as increasing inequalities, climate change and the loss of biodiversity. The article explores the challenges faced and respective responses of those who decide to change their relationships with nature and society by becoming permaculture entrepreneurs (PEs). The paper shows that, when entering the permaculture universe, individuals start critically examining their values and ways of living, which leads to a disengagement from dominant patterns of behaviour and social expectations in order to pursue sustainable lifestyles and thereby develop an ecological habitus.
A Feature-Based Method for Detecting Design Patterns in Source Code
Authors: Kouli Mariam , Rasoolzadegan Abbas
Published: July 2022

Design patterns are common solutions to existing issues in software engineering. In recent decades, design patterns have been researched intensively because they increase the quality factors of software systems such as flexibility, maintainability, and reusability. Design pattern detection refers to the determination of the symmetry between a code fragment and the definition of a design pattern. One of the major challenges in design pattern detection is how to obtain accurate information about the design patterns used in the software system due to the existence of different design pattern variants. Increasing the number of design pattern variants covered by a detection method is one of the main factors that increase its accuracy. In this paper, a step toward solving this challenge was taken by proposing a new feature-based method that builds on concrete definitions of existing design pattern variants and supports the definition and detection of new variants. In this proposed method, the needed features are extracted from the signatures of the design patterns. This method was applied to the 23 Gang of Four (GoF) design patterns and evaluated using four open-source Java projects. Afterward, it was compared with some previous methods using automatically generated testbeds. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method has better performance in terms of precision and recall compared to the other methods.
Confidence Intervals for Comparing the Variances of Two Independent Birnbaum–Saunders Distributions
Authors: Puggard Wisunee , Niwitpong Sa-Aat , Niwitpong Suparat
Published: July 2022

Fatigue in a material occurs when it is subjected to fluctuating stress and strain, which usually results in failure due to the accumulated damage. In statistics, asymmetric distribution, which is commonly used for describing the fatigue life of materials, is the Birnbaum–Saunders (BS) distribution. This distribution can be transform to the normal distribution, which is symmetrical. Furthermore, variance is used to examine the dispersion of the fatigue life data. However, comparing the variances of two independent samples that follow BS distributions has not previously been reported. To accomplish this, we propose methods for providing the confidence interval for the ratio of variances of two independent BS distributions based on the generalized fiducial confidence interval (GFCI), a Bayesian credible interval (BCI), and the highest posterior density (HPD) intervals based on a prior distribution with partial information (HPD-PI) and a proper prior with known hyperparameters (HPD-KH). A Monte Carlo simulation study was carried out to examine the efficacies of the methods in terms of their coverage probabilities and average lengths. The simulation results indicate that the HPD-PI performed satisfactorily for all sample sizes investigated. To illustrate the efficacies of the proposed methods with real data, they were also applied to study the confidence interval for the ratio of the variances of two 6061-T6 aluminum coupon fatigue-life datasets.
The Attack-Block-Court Defense Algorithm: A New Volleyball Index Supported by Data Science
Authors: Cantú-González José Roberto , Hueyotl-Zahuantitla Filiberto , Castorena-Peña Jesús Abraham , Aguirre-López Mario A.
Published: July 2022

Spiker–blocker encounters are a key moment for determining the result of a volleyball rally. The characterization of such a moment using physical–statistical parameters allows us to reproduce the possible ball’s trajectory and then make calculations to set up the defense in an optimal way. In this work, we present a computational algorithm that shows the possible worst scenarios of ball trajectories for a volleyball defense, in terms of the covered area by the block and the impact time of the backcourt defense to contact the ball before it reaches the floor. The algorithm is based on the kinematic equations of motion, trigonometry, and statistical parameters of the players. We have called it the Attack-Block-Court Defense algorithm (the ABCD algorithm), since it only requires the 3D-coordinates of the attacker and the blocker, and a discretized court in a number of cells. With those data, the algorithm calculates the percentage of the covered area by the blocker and the time at which the ball impacts the court (impact time). More specifically, the structure of the algorithm consists of setting up the spiker’s and blocker’s locations at the time the spiker hits the ball, and then applying the kinematic equations to calculate the worst scenario for the team in defense. The case of a middle-hitter attack with a single block over the net is simulated, and an analysis of the space of input variables for such a case is performed. We found a strong dependence on the average impact time and the covered area on both the attack–block height’s ratio and the attack height. The standard deviation of the impact time was the variable that showed more asymmetry, respecting the input variables. An asymmetric case considering more variables with a wing spiker and three blockers is also shown, in order to illustrate the potential of the model in a more complex scenario. The results have potential applications, as a supporting tool for coaches in the design of customized defense or attack systems, in the positioning of players according to the prior knowledge of the opponent team, and in the development of replay and video-game technologies in multimedia systems.
Analytical Properties of Degenerate Genocchi Polynomials of the Second Kind and Some of Their Applications
Authors: Khan Waseem Ahmad , Alatawi Maryam Salem
Published: July 2022

The main aim of this study is to define degenerate Genocchi polynomials and numbers of the second kind by using logarithmic functions, and to investigate some of their analytical properties and some applications. For this purpose, many formulas and relations for these polynomials, including some implicit summation formulas, differentiation rules and correlations with the earlier polynomials by utilizing some series manipulation methods, are derived. Additionally, as an application, the zero values of degenerate Genocchi polynomials and numbers of the second kind are presented in tables and multifarious graphical representations for these zero values are shown.
Tight Margins: Compression Garment Use during Exercise and Recovery—A Systematic Review
Authors: Leabeater Alana J. , James Lachlan P. , Driller Matthew W.
Published: July 2022

Background: Compression garments (CGs) are a popular tool that may act on physiological, physical, neuromuscular, biomechanical, and/or perceptual domains during exercise and recovery from exercise, with varying levels of efficacy. While previous reviews have focused on the effects of CGs during running, high-intensity exercise, and exercise recovery, a comprehensive systematic review that assesses the effectiveness of garment use both during and after exercise has not been recently conducted. Methods: A systematic search of the literature from the earliest record until May 2022 was performed based on the PRISMA-P guidelines for systematic reviews, using the online databases PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Google Scholar. Results: 160 articles with 2530 total participants were included for analysis in the systematic review, comprised of 103 ‘during exercise’ studies, 42 ‘during recovery’ studies, and 15 combined design studies. Conclusions: During exercise, CGs have a limited effect on global measures of endurance performance but may improve some sport-specific variables (e.g., countermovement jump height). Most muscle proteins/metabolites are unchanged with the use of CGs during exercise, though measures of blood lactate tend to be lowered. CGs for recovery appear to have a positive benefit on subsequent bouts of endurance (e.g., cycling time trials) and resistance exercise (e.g., isokinetic dynamometry). CGs are associated with reductions in lactate dehydrogenase during recovery and are consistently associated with decreases in perceived muscle soreness following fatiguing exercise. This review may provide a useful point of reference for practitioners and researchers interested in the effect of CGs on particular outcome variables or exercise types.
Deterministic and Probabilistic Dietary Exposure Assessment to Deoxynivalenol in Spain and the Catalonia Region
Authors: Gallardo Jose A. , Marin Sonia , Ramos Antonio J. , Cano-Sancho German , Sanchis Vicente
Published: July 2022

Deoxynivalenol (DON) remains one of the most concerning mycotoxins produced by the Fusarium genus due to the wide occurrence in highly consumed cereal-based food and its associated toxicological effects. Previous studies conducted in Spain and other European countries suggested that some vulnerable groups such as children could be exceeding the tolerable daily intakes. Thus, the aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive and updated dietary exposure assessment study in Spain, with a specific analysis in the region of Catalonia. Cereal-based food samples collected during 2019 were analysed using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry for multi-mycotoxin detection including DON and its main metabolites and derivatives. Consumption data were gathered from the nation-wide food surveys ENALIA and ENALIA2 conducted in Spain, and a specific survey conducted in Catalonia. The data were combined using deterministic and semi-parametric probabilistic methods. The results showed that DON was widely present in cereal-based food highly consumed in Spain and the Catalonia region. Exposure to DON among the adult population was globally low; however, among infants aged 3–9 years, it resulted in the median of 192 ng/kg body weight/day and the 95th percentiles of 604 ng/kg body weight/day, that would exceed the most conservative safety threshold for infants. Bread and pasta were the main contributing foodstuffs to the global exposure to DON, even among infants; thus, those foods should be considered a priority for food control or to develop strategies to reduce the exposure. In any case, further toxicological and epidemiological studies are required in order to refine the safety thresholds accounting for the sensitivity of the infant population.
Noma: Experiences of Survivors, Opinion Leaders and Healthcare Professionals in Burkina Faso
Authors: Kagoné Moubassira , Mpinga Emmanuel Kabengele , Dupuis Marc , Moussa-Pham Marie-Solène Adamou , Srour Margaret Leila , Grema Maïna Sani Malam , Zacharie Ngoyi-Bukonda , Baratti-Mayer Denise
Published: July 2022

The scientific literature on noma (Cancrum Oris) has clearly increased in recent decades, but there seems to have been limited analysis of issues around the psycho-social impacts of this disease. Even when these issues have been addressed, the focus has tended to be on patient experiences, whereas the community dimension of the disease and the role of healthcare professionals and community leaders in mitigating these impacts remain largely unexplored. A study in the form of semi-directed interviews with 20 noma survivors and 10 healthcare professionals and community leaders was conducted between January and March 2021 in Burkina Faso with the aim of describing the experiences of noma survivors, generating knowledge about living with the burden of the disease and understanding the attitudes of community leaders towards the disease. The results reveal that noma is a disease that affects economically vulnerable populations and leads to extreme household poverty. As far as treatment is concerned, patients tend to turn to practitioners of both traditional and modern medicine. Within communities, noma survivors face discrimination and stigma. The study highlighted a lack of information and knowledge about noma. However, surgical operations lead to patient satisfaction and these remain one of the coping strategies used to tackle the stigma and discrimination. The recommendations set out in this article are aimed firstly at stepping up research into the psycho-social impacts of noma, and secondly at considering these impacts in regional programmes and national plans to combat the disease.
Behind the Scenes of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Psychological Predictors in an Italian Community Sample
Authors: Tagini Sofia , Brugnera Agostino , Ferrucci Roberta , Priori Alberto , Compare Angelo , Parolin Laura , Pravettoni Gabriella , Silani Vincenzo , Poletti Barbara
Published: July 2022

Psychological variables may be crucial in favoring or discouraging health-related behaviors, including vaccine acceptance. This study aimed to extend the previous literature by outlining the psychological profile associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a sample of Italian citizens. Between April and May 2021, 1122 Italian volunteers completed a web survey on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, also including several self-reported psychological measures. A multiple hierarchical logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the psychological variables associated with vaccine hesitancy. Low confidence in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and safety, low collective responsibility, high complacency, and high calculation (i.e., extensive information searching, and costs–benefit estimates) predicted higher hesitancy. Our results suggest that to be effective, vaccine-related communications should be as clear, understandable, and sound as possible, preventing the spreading of misunderstandings, or even fake information, that may foster people’s insecurities and distrust. Furthermore, the advantages and necessity of vaccination, both at the individual and community-level, should be clearly emphasized. Efficacious vaccine-related communications may be crucial, not only to maintain an adequate immunity rate for COVID-19, but also to inform policymakers and public authorities in the case of possible future infectious outbreaks.
Novel Prognosis and Therapeutic Response Model of Immune-Related lncRNA Pairs in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Gang , Liu Panhong , Li Jiangfeng , Jin Ke , Zheng Xiangyi , Xie Liping
Published: July 2022

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of renal carcinoma. It is particularly important to accurately judge the prognosis of patients. Since most tumor prediction models depend on the specific expression level of related genes, a better model therefore needs to be constructed. To provide an immune-related lncRNA (irlncRNAs) tumor prognosis model that is independent of the specific gene expression levels, we first downloaded and sorted out the data on ccRCC in the TCGA database and screened irlncRNAs using co-expression analysis and then obtained the differently expressed irlncRNA (DEirlncRNA) pairs by means of univariate analysis. In addition, we modified LASSO penalized regression. Subsequently, the ROC curve was drawn, and we compared the area under the curve, calculated the Akaike information standard value of the 5-year receiver operating characteristic curve, and determined the cut-off point to establish the best model to distinguish the high- or low-disease-risk group of ccRCC. Subsequently, we reassessed the model from the perspectives of survival, clinic-pathological characteristics, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, chemotherapeutics efficacy, and immunosuppressed biomarkers. A total of 17 DEirlncRNAs pairs (AL031710.1|AC104984.5, AC020907.4|AC127-24.4,AC091185.1|AC005104.1, AL513218.1|AC079015.1, AC104564.3|HOXB-AS3, AC003070.1|LINC01355, SEMA6A-AS1|CR936218.1, AL513327.1|AS005785.1, AC084876.1|AC009704.2, IGFL2-AS1|PRDM16-DT, AC011462.4|MMP25-AS1, AL662844.3I|TGB2-AS1, ARHGAP27P1|AC116914.2, AC093788.1|AC007098.1, MCF2L-AS1|AC093001.1, SMIM25|AC008870.2, and AC027796.4|LINC00893) were identified, all of which were included in the Cox regression model. Using the cut-off point, we can better distinguish patients according to different factors, such as survival status, invasive clinic-pathological features, tumor immune infiltration, whether they are sensitive to chemotherapy or not, and expression of immunosuppressive biomarkers. We constructed the irlncRNA model by means of pairing, which can better eliminate the dependence on the expression level of the target genes. In other words, the signature established by pairing irlncRNA regardless of expression levels showed promising clinical prediction value.
COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Dose Willingness among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Infliximab and Vedolizumab: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shehab Mohammad , Alrashed Fatema , Alfadhli Ahmad
Published: July 2022

Background: Vaccination has been effective in preventing COVID-19 infections and related mortality. However, waning immunity after two-dose vaccination prompted health authorities to recommend a third dose of COVID-19 vaccine to boost immunity. The aim of our study was to assess willingness to receive a third (booster) dose among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at an IBD tertiary care center. Patients were recruited at the infusion room from 1 January 2022 to 31 March 2022. The primary outcome was the prevalence of a third (booster) dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine in infliximab- or vedolizumab-treated patients with IBD. The secondary outcome evaluated whether the prevalence of a third (booster) dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine differed based on type of COVID-19 vaccine, gender, age, type of biologic therapy, and citizenship. Results: In total, 499 patients with IBD were included in this study. The median age was 34.5 years, and 60% had ulcerative colitis (UC). Among the study participants, 302 (60.5%) patients were vaccinated with BNT162b2, and 197 (39.5%) were vaccinated with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Of the total number of participants, 400 (80.2%) were receiving infliximab, and 99 (19.8%) were receiving vedolizumab. Overall, 290 (58.1%) of the included patients were willing to receive the third (booster) dose. Patients vaccinated with BNT162b2 were more likely to be willing to receive a booster dose compared to patients vaccinated with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (201 (66.5%) vs. 103 (52.0%), p = 0.014). Infliximab-treated patients were more likely to be willing to receive a booster dose compared to patients receiving vedolizumab (310 (77.5%) vs. 62 (62.6%), p = 0.002). There was no statistical difference in willingness to receive a booster dose in terms of age, nationality, or gender. Conclusions: The percentage of patients with IBD willing to receive or having already received a third (booster) dose of BNT162b2 vaccine was lower compared to the general population. In addition, patients who received two doses of BNT162b2 vaccines were more likely to be willing to receive a third (booster) dose compared to patients who received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Patients treated with infliximab were more likely to be willing to receive a third (booster) dose of COVID-19 vaccine.
Heparin and Progesterone Exert Synergistic Effects to Improve the In-Vitro Fertilization Rate of Bovine Sperm Bound to Oviduct Cell Aggregates from the Isthmus
Authors: El-Sokary Mohamed M. M. , Shehata Seham F. , Mahmoud Karima G. M.
Published: July 2022

After the copulation process, some sperm start the long journey with an ultimate goal of fertilizing the oocyte. Inside the oviduct, sperm are stored, waiting for the ovulated oocyte where they bind to the apical surface of the oviduct cells, which in turn hold sperm to form a sperm nest. The essential functions of the sperm reservoir include attaching spermatozoa to oviduct epithelial cells, selecting intact, good-quality sperm with an end result of extending sperm life expectancy. The current study aimed to evaluate the fertilization ability of sperm that bind to cell aggregates from different parts of the oviduct (infundibulum-ampulla-isthmus), and to assess the effect of heparin and or progesterone (P4) on the in-vitro fertilization ability of sperm co-incubated with cell aggregates from the isthmus. In-vitro fertilization was identified as a cleaved oocyte to two cells or more. The sperm bound to cell aggregates from the isthmus improved the rate of in-vitro fertilization (48.09%) compared to aggregates from the infundibulum (36.90%) and ampulla (37.61%). Moreover, pre-treatment of mature COCs with heparin (40 μg/mL) and P4 (80 nanomolar) play a coactive role that improves the in-vitro fertilization ability of sperm bound to cell aggregates from isthmus (63.33%), compared to 42.61% in the absence of cells aggregates. In conclusion, binding to cell aggregates from isthmus improves the in-vitro fertilization ability of Bovine sperm. Additionally, heparin, together with P4, exerts a synergistic action that improves the in-vitro fertilizing potential of sperm attached to cell aggregates from the isthmus of the bovine oviduct.
The Effect of Arginase on Canine T-Lymphocyte Functions and its Modulation by All-Trans Retinoid Acid (ATRA) in Canine Monocyte-Derived Macrophages
Authors: Soileau Aimee M. , Quick Cally N. , Moeller Cambri E. , Schaumburg Jessica C. , Withers Sita S.
Published: July 2022

Immunosuppressive myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment play a major role in suppressing tumor immunity via the production of arginase, IL-10, and others. The objectives of this study were to determine the ability of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) to decrease the expression of arginase and other soluble mediators by canine monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and to determine the inhibitory activity of arginase on canine T-lymphocytes. The immunomodulatory ability of ATRA (2 µM) on canine MDMs was evaluated via reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), flow cytometry, arginase activity assay, and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Arginase effects on T-lymphocyte phenotype and proliferation were then evaluated by flow cytometry. ATRA consistently decreased MDM expression of IL6, TGFB1, NOS2, ARG1, and CIITA transcripts, by approximately 2–4-fold, although this did not reach statistical significance for ARG1 or CIITA. Furthermore, arginase activity was decreased in ATRA-treated MDMs while the MDM phenotype remained unchanged. Arginase decreased the expression of granzyme B on CD8+ T-lymphocytes and inhibited CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte proliferation. These findings suggested that ATRA could inhibit canine MDM production of soluble inflammatory/immunosuppressive mediators. These data also revealed that arginase decreased canine T-lymphocyte proliferation and granzyme B expression. Further studies are needed to determine whether ATRA could reverse the immunosuppressive effects of myeloid cells on canine T-lymphocytes in vivo.
Revisión de los mecanismos de QoS en las instituciones públicas del Ecuador
Authors: Vera Peralta Teófilo Abdul , Alcívar Cedeño Andrea Katherine , Cobeña Macías Tatiana Elizabeth
Published: July 2022

Hoy en día, las instituciones u organizaciones se han enfocado en obtener calidad de servicio (QoS) para el desarrollo de sus redes, satisfaciendo la demanda de tráfico de aplicaciones confidenciales, como voz y video en tiempo real, y así evitar la degradación de la calidad de servicio debido a la pérdida de paquetes, ancho de banda, retardo, jitter y otros. La QoS enfocada al conjunto de tecnologías en las instituciones ha permitido manejar los efectos de la congestión del tráfico usando óptimamente los diferentes recursos de la red en lugar de ir aumentando continuamente. Recuerde que la QoS no es aumentar ancho de banda sino distribuirlo de una mejor manera de acuerdo a las necesidades de la institución. En la actualidad, es imperioso tener o implementar Calidad de Servicio (QoS) en las instituciones para las diferentes actividades que desarrollan dentro de una red, y así de esta manera poder ofrecer servicios prioritarios tales como telefonía IP, transmisión datos, envío de información en tiempo real, de acuerdo al manejo de los parámetros críticos que causan problemas de rendimiento en ellos. El objetivo de este estudio se centró en contestar las preguntas de investigación, realizando un filtro de acuerdo a lo más relevante encontradas en ellas previo su análisis metódico. Con la finalidad de cumplir con dicho objetivo se ha realizado una revisión sistemática de la literatura (SLR). Los resultados muestran información importante sobre la comparación de los diferentes mecanismos de QoS en las instituciones públicas.
Perfil de sensibilización a aeroalérgenos en pacientes del cantón Portoviejo Manabí-Ecuador
Authors: Cañarte Alcívar Jorge , Callejas de Valero Diana , Urdaneta Bracho Johan , Alcívar Mieles Ana , Intriago Santana Andrea
Published: July 2022

Se determinó el perfil de sensibilización a aeroalérgenos más comunes en la población de Portoviejo, durante el periodo noviembre 2017 - noviembre 2018. Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de carácter retrospectivo y corte transversal, cuyos resultados se obtuvieron de la base de datos del Laboratorio Gamma de la ciudad de Portoviejo. La muestra poblacional estuvo conformada por 112 pacientes que se realizaron el test de RAST, RIDA qLine® Allergy de alérgenos inhalantes. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el 63,4 % presentó algún tipo de sensibilización. La mayoría de estos casos se produjeron durante el verano (96 %), en total fueron 19 aeroalérgenos que produjeron dicha sensibilización, siendo los de mayor frecuencia, Dermatophagoides pteranyssinus y Dermatophagoides farinae, seguido por polen, donde se destacaron el centeno, roble y mezclas de hierbas, con animales y hongos. Se demostró que en adultos y tercera edad existe una mayor frecuencia de sensibilización al polen de centeno comparados con los ácaros domésticos, mientras que en rango de edad infantil a adulto joven se encontró un predominio de sensibilización a ácaros de la familia Dermatophagoides.

Palabras clave: sensibilización; aeroalérgenos; RAST; alergia; mastocitos.
Biofilms of pathogenic bacteria and emerging antibiofilm strategies
Authors: Aransiola S. A. , Victor-Ekwebelem M. O. , Edward M. O. , Maddela Naga Raju
Published: July 2022

Biofilms act as physical barriers to the immune system and drugs used by the host, resulting in antimicrobial resistance. Biofilms reduce the chances of eradicating infections and can result in relapses and backsliding after conventional treatment. Biofilms have a big impact on food safety in the food industry; many foodborne outbreaks have been linked to pathogenic bacteria that can form a biofilm. Biofilm-associated infections can cause not only severe symptoms but also serious side effects and even death. The findings of an experimental study of pathogenic bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis, and Staphylococcus aureus forming biofilms are presented in this article. The process of biofilm formation and its development phases were displayed with preserved architectonics using light and scanning electron microscopes. The amount of biofilm formed was influenced by the growth medium as well as the incubation conditions and time. Biofilm-forming microbes are a common cause of complicated and recurrent diseases, and they're usually linked to MDR bacteria, which account for nearly 80% of all refractory nosocomial infections. Medical device- and tissue-associated biofilm infections are two types of biofilm infections. Understanding the pathogenesis and factors that contribute to biofilm formation, as well as the disruption and dispersal mechanisms of biofilms, will aid in the development of improved anti-biofilm strategies. Overall, this literature review can serve as a single source of information about microbial biofilm formation and mitigation strategies, which could be extremely useful to biofilm researchers.

Keywords: biofilm; pathogenic bacteria; infection; anti-biofilm.
Proceso de atención de enfermería en gestante con ruptura prematura de membranas en el Hospital General Isidro Ayora de Loja
Authors: Carrion Salinas Cristina Beatriz , Celi Poma Mayela Isabel , Riofrío Porras Alexandra del Carmen
Published: July 2022

La ruptura prematura de membranas se define como la pérdida de la integridad de las membranas corioamnióticas que se producen desde las 20 semanas de gestación hasta antes del inicio del trabajo de parto, se produce en el 10 % de las gestaciones y se asocia a la morbi-mortalidad materna neonatal. Se requiere que los profesionales de enfermería implementen cuidados individualizados e integrales para cubrir las necesidades reales y potenciales. El proceso de atención de enfermería sirve como instrumento para dar un abordaje biopsicosocial mediante la aplicación del método científico. El objetivo de este estudio de caso fue elaborar el proceso de atención de enfermería mediante la valoración en base a los dominios NANDA y el uso de las taxonomías estandarizadas NANDA-NIC-NOC, para que sirva como base de construcción de guías y protocolos de atención a usuarias gestantes con esta patología. Los diagnósticos enfermeros planteados son: privación del sueño, conocimientos deficientes, riesgo de alteración de la diada materno-fetal, ansiedad, riesgo de infección y dolor de parto. A su vez las intervenciones son: mejorar el sueño, preparación al parto, monitorización de los signos vitales, monitorización fetal, disminución de la ansiedad, protección contra las infecciones, administración de medicación y manejo del dolor.

Palabras clave: cuidados; enfermería; taxonomías; ginecología; obstetricia.
Determinantes de salud y gastroenteritis en niños de la provincia de Santa Elena
Authors: Suárez Yagual Elsie Zoraida , Salinas Salinas Sonnia del Carmen , Suárez Lindao Bolívar Geovanny
Published: July 2022

La gastroenteritis aguda, es una inflamación gastrointestinal, con evolución inferior a dos semanas, aumento del número de deposiciones líquidas o sueltas acompañada con síntomas de fiebre, dolor abdominal y malestar general dependiendo de los microorganismos: bacterias, virus y parásitos, siendo las determinantes de salud, las que predisponen su ocurrencia, en niños de 5 a 14 años. Estudio con enfoque cuantitativo, diseño, descriptivo, transversal; participaron 120 cuidadores de niños, seleccionados de la base datos de laboratorios de Manglaralto y Monteverde, desde mayo a diciembre del 2019; muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple, programa Excel SPSS 23.0, análisis diferencial Chi-Cuadrado de Pearson, con significancia p<0,05; instrumento, un formulario a cuidadores, previo a su aprobación. Resultados: rango de cuidadores 25 a 34 años: 56% instrucción primaria 68,3%; amas de casa 77,5%; Consumo de agua entubada 45,8% (p=0,000); la hierve 68%(p=0,003); disposición de desechos biológicos en letrinas: 68,3% (p=0,088); animales domésticos; 58,3% (p=0,000); educación primaria 68,3%; Giardia lamblia 29,1% y Ameba histolytica 24,1%. Se concluye que los determinantes de salud fueron la higiene ambiental, baja escolaridad de cuidadores, que afectaron la calidad de vida de los niños de las comunas de Santa Elena.
Palabras claves:
Determinantes; infección intestinal; salud; microorganismos; niños.
Factores de riesgo para la infección por Toxoplasma gondii en embarazadas que asisten al Centro de Salud tipo C, Manta, Ecuador
Authors: Bracho Mora Angela María , Tumbaco Bailón Nathaly Nathaly , Ormaza Anchundia Jonathan Iván , Rivero de Rodríguez Zulbey , Véliz Zevallos Ingebord
Published: July 2022

Toxoplasma gondii es un parásito ampliamente distribuido en el mundo, la infección cursa típicamente de forma asintomática en individuos inmunocompetentes y puede provocar problemas graves en individuos inmunocomprometidos, así como en mujeres embarazadas produciendo en algunos casos infección congénita. Para identificar los factores de riesgo a contraer infección por Toxoplasma gondii en embarazadas que asisten al Centro de Salud Tipo C, Manta, se diseñó un estudio descriptivo, no experimental, prospectivo y de cohorte transversal donde se realizó una encuesta a 150 embrazadas durante el mes de diciembre de 2020. En lo que respecta a factores de riesgo, en la mayoría de los hogares de las mujeres gestantes consumen agua envasada, carne cocida y el 100% de las mujeres lavan sus manos, frutas y vegetales antes de consumirlos. Solo un bajo porcentaje 16% (24/150) manifestaron tener contacto directo con gatos, señalando que también manejan las condiciones adecuadas para evitar la adquisición de la toxoplasmosis. Se concluye que, en base a los resultados de la encuesta, las mujeres que acuden al Centro de Salud Tipo C, Manta tienen baja exposición a los factores de riesgo para contraer la infección.
Uso de bevacizumab en la telangiectasia hemorrágica hereditaria: reporte de caso
Authors: González Viñas Darío , Esteban Martín Faragó , Medrano Baque Tayli Eumiliana , De Mori Gómez André Alessandro , Murillo Alava Holger Heraldo , Toapanta Rea Ingrid Mariela
Published: July 2022

La telangiectasia hemorrágica hereditaria, es un trastorno autosómico dominante que conduce a la formación de vasos sanguíneos displásicos en las superficies mucocutáneas, también pueden desarrollarse dentro de los órganos internos, como los pulmones, cerebro, hígado y tracto gastrointestinal. No existe tratamiento médico específico, sin embargo, estudios off label utilizan anticuerpos monoclonales como el Bevacizumab para inhibir la angiogénesis. Con el objetivo de demostrar la eficacia del Bevacizumab en la reducción y desaparición de las telangiectasias en los diferentes órganos, se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 46 años con diagnóstico de Telangiectasia hemorrágica hereditaria desde diciembre del 2019, al presentar heces con estrías de sangre roja rutilante, melena y epistaxis de moderada a severa intensidad. Al examen físico, se constatan múltiples telangiectasias en piel, mucosa bucal, en ambas áreas de Kiesselbach de las fosas nasales, mucosa gástrica, colon y malformaciones arteriovenosas hepáticas. Se inicia tratamiento con Bevacizumab demostrándose una mejoría evidente de la epistaxis, mantenimiento de la hemoglobina sin necesidad de suplementos de hierro o transfusiones, así como disminución del número de telangiectasias en el tracto gastrointestinal superior e inferior. Las malformaciones vasculares hepáticas disminuyen en tamaño e incluso una de ellas desaparece. Existe recaída al sexto mes sin el tratamiento. Se propone tratamiento continuo a bajas dosis y seguimiento estricto de la paciente.
Palabras claves: Telangiectasia Hemorrágica Hereditaria; Bevacizumab; malformación arteriovenosa.
Any increment in physical activity reduces mortality of primary care inactive patients
Authors: Grandes Gonzalo , Garcia-Alvarez Arturo , Ansorena Maider , Ortega Sanchez-Pinilla Ricardo , Torcal Jesus , Arietaleanizbeaskoa Maria Soledad , Sanchez Alvaro
Published: July 2022

Background: It is unclear how returning to physical activity (PA) after long periods of inactivity gives expected health benefits. Aim: To determine whether the inactive primary care population reduce their mortality by increasing PA, even in low doses. Design and setting: Prospective cohort of 3,357 inactive patients attending 11 Spanish public primary healthcare centers. Method: Change in PA was repeatedly measured during their participation in the ‘Experimental Program for Physical Activity Promotion’ clinical trial in 2003-2006, using the ‘7-day PA Recall’. Mortality until December 31, 2018, (312 deaths) has been recorded from national statistics and survival time from the end of the clinical trial analyzed using proportional hazard models. Results: After 46,191 person-years follow-up, compared with individuals that remained completely inactive, the mortality of those who achieved minimal recommendations of 150-300 minutes/week (M/W) of moderate or 75-150 M/W of vigorous intensity, was reduced by 45% (adjusted Hazard Ratio –aHR-= 0.55; 95% confidence interval -95%CI: 0.41 to 0.74); those who did not meet these recommendations but increased PA in low doses, i.e. 50 M/W of moderate PA, showed a 31% reduced mortality (aHR=0.69; 98%CI: 0.51 to 0.93); and those who surpassed the recommendation saw a 49% reduction in mortality (aHR= 0.51; 95%CI: 0.32 to 0.81). The inverse association between increased PA and mortality follows a continuous curvilinear dose-response relationship. Conclusion: Inactive primary care patients reduce mortality by increasing PA even in doses below the recommended. Greater reduction is achieved through meeting PA recommendations or adopting levels of PA higher than recommended.
ENSINO DE ESPANHOL EM MUNICÍPIOS DE FRONTEIRA ENTRE BRASIL E ARGENTINA, EDUCAÇÃO INTERCULTURAL BILÍNGUE
Authors: Calliari Rosangela Kuspiosz , Lemke Cibele Krause
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo é o recorte de uma dissertação de mestrado que pesquisou a oferta do ensino de Língua Espanhola nas escolas estaduais paranaenses, após a revogação da Lei 11.161/2005, com enfoque principal nas escolas municipais e estaduais paranaenses dos municípios que fazem linha de fronteira com a Argentina. A pesquisa se apoia em estudos de Ferrari (2011) Krause-Lemke (2010), Sturza (2006). Caracterizada como multimetodológica (CRESWELL; CLARK, 2007), teve como objetivo analisar se, nas escolas estaduais/municipais de linha de fronteira entre Paraná e Argentina, há, de fato, a implementação do ensino da língua espanhola. Para tanto, foram realizadas pesquisas dentro das Secretarias de Educação dos municípios de linha de fronteira e junto à Secretaria de Educação do Paraná (Seed). Com o estudo também demonstramos qual o espaço que a língua espanhola ocupa dentro das instituições de ensino paranaenses, após a revogação da Lei 11.161. Os resultados deste trabalho apontaram um declínio na oferta do espanhol dentro dos CELEMs das escolas estaduais paranaenses nos últimos cinco anos. Com relação às escolas dos municípios de linha de fronteira, a língua inglesa sobrepõe a espanhola, para ser ensinada sob a justificativa de sua hegemonia. Concluímos que, em regiões de fronteira, o aprendizado da língua espanhola seria imprescindível, uma vez que nossos alunos têm contato direto com a referida língua, porém, são tolhidos do seu aprendizado, devido à implementação de políticas educacionais restritivas.
NADA É NOVO, MAS TUDO MUDOU: a metamorfose da escola
Authors: Brasão Mauricio dos Reis , Araújo José Carlos Souza
Published: July 2022

Esta é uma resenha do livro intitulado “Escolas e professores: proteger, transformar, valorizar”, de António Nóvoa (2022). Apresenta discussões sobre temas atuais como o futurismo da educação e a metamorfose dos estabelecimentos de ensino; a necessidade de (re)pensar a escola futura e o modelo adotado; a pandemia, os docentes e seus papéis na construção de um espaço público comum da educação; a criação de novos ambientes escolares e a composição de uma pedagogia do encontro; a formação continuada e a indução profissional dos professores; tecnologias; entre outros. Observa-se que, apesar de serem essenciais, os meios digitais não desfazem as possibilidades educativas, pois existe um patrimônio humano que não pode ser digitalizado – sem ele, a educação se reduziria a uma “caricatura digital”. O texto aborda “três ilusões perigosas”: a) presente em todos os lugares e tempos, a educação acontece “naturalmente”, sobretudo em um viés familiar e virtual; b) enquanto ambiente físico, a escola não existe mais e haverá uma “educação a distância” por intermédio de diferentes “orientadores” ou “tutores” das aprendizagens; c) enquanto conhecimento especializado dos professores, a educação será substituída por tecnologias permeadas pela Inteligência Artificial (IA). Diante da redução da esfera educacional às aprendizagens, da construção de uma visão hiperpersonalizada das aprendizagens e da defesa de uma perspectiva consumista da educação, convida-se a uma leitura necessária da obra para refletir sobre a formação de professores em tempos de consumismo pedagógico e solucionismo tecnológico desvelados e aprofundados nos dois anos de pandemia do novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2).
PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS, PROCESSOS DE COMUNICAÇÃO E VIOLÊNCIA NA ESCOLA: problemas e contradições
Authors: Miranda Theresa Raquel Borges de , Branco Angela Maria Cristina Uchoa de Abreu
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir aspectos da comunicação e das práticas pedagógicas que orientam as dinâmicas da cultura escolar. Para tal, são utilizados dados construídos durante a pesquisa de mestrado da primeira autora, sob orientação da segunda. O estudo está fundamentado na perspectiva da Psicologia Cultural e teve como participantes professores e estudantes de uma turma de sexto ano de uma escola situada em uma comunidade pobre de Brasília, a qual participava de um projeto de aceleração da aprendizagem. Os métodos adotados foram a observação participante em sala de aula, a realização de grupo focal com discentes e docentes e entrevistas individuais com alguns alunos. Os resultados indicaram aspectos da cultura escolar que reiteram práticas de violência, distanciamento entre professores e alunos, bem como o individualismo e o autoritarismo como valores que estabelecem e marcam as relações. A partir disso, discute-se os processos de construção e manutenção de violências escolares e sugere-se a implementação de práticas e relações dialógicas como mobilizadores de mudança.
Non-Hemostatic Functions of Platelets and Its Application in Regenerative Medicine: from Theory to Practice
Authors: Шилова Е.Р. , Волошин С.В. , Рукавицын О.А. , Серебряная Н.Б. , Богданов А.Н. , Михалева М.А. , Ефремова Е.В. , Кувшинов А.Ю. , Сидоркевич С.В.
Published: July 2022

Тромбоциты являются своеобразным резервуаром факторов роста, цитохемокинов, а также белков плазмы крови (фибрина, фибронектина, витронектина и др.), которые депонируются в органеллах этих клеточных элементов – α-гранулах, электронно-плотных тельцах и лизосомах и принимают участие в процессах заживления ран и регенерации тканей. Результаты многочисленных научных исследований тромбоцитарных ростовых факторов и развитие биотехнологий сформировали научную основу для разработки методов получения и применения обогащенной тромбоцитами плазмы. Методики с использованием богатой тромбоцитами плазмы кардинально изменили результаты лечения длительно не заживающих инфицированных кожных ран, трофических язв, диабетической стопы. Биотехнология показала положительный эффект при использовании в ортопедии для восстановления хрящевой ткани, спортивной медицине и челюстно-лицевой хирургии. Перспективы взаимодействия трансфузиологов, гематологов и онкологов в рамках регенеративной медицины с использованием различных концентратов аутологичных тромбоцитов открывают новые возможности в терапии язвенных дефектов после лучевой терапии и оперативных вмешательств, ускорении заживления дефектов при экстравазации химиопрепаратов, лечении нарушений опорно-двигательного аппарата у пациентов с гемофилиями, а также профилактике и лечении поражений кожи и слизистых при реакции «трансплантат против хозяина» после аллогенной трансплантации костного мозга.

Platelets are a peculiar storage for growth factors and cytochemokines, as well as blood plasma proteins (fibrin, fibronectin, vitronectin, etc.), which are deposited in the organelles of these cellular elements – α-granules, electron-dense bodies and lysosomes, and take part in wound healing processes and tissue regeneration. The results of various researchs of platelet growth factors and advancement in biotechnology have formed the scientific basis for the development of methods for producing and using the platelet-rich plasma. Techniques using platelet-rich plasma have radically changed the results of treatment of prolonged non-healing infected skin wounds, trophic ulcers, and diabetic foot. Biotechnology has shown a positive effect when it used in orthopedics for cartilage repair, sports medicine and maxillofacial surgery. Prospects for the cooperation of transfusiologists, hematologists and oncologists in the framework of regenerative medicine using various concentrates of autologous platelets expedite new opportunities for treatment of ulcerative defects after radiation therapy and surgical interventions, accelerating the healing of defects after extravasation of chemotherapy drugs, treating disorders of the musculoskeletal system in patients with hemophilia, as well as prevention and treatment of skin and mucosal lesions in graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
Complication of the Course of a New Coronavirus Infection in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in the Form of Hamman’s Syndrome
Authors: Пасечник Н.Н. , Троян В.Н. , Козырев С.В. , Тутаев О.И. , Сарачан Д.А. , Сапельникова Э.Р. , Рукавицын О.А.
Published: July 2022

Спонтанный пневмомедиастинум, или синдром Хаммана, является редким состоянием, которое сопровождается болями в груди, одышкой, дисфагией, иногда болями в шее. Характерным симптомом является «хруст Хаммана» (наличие звука крепитации, синхронного с сердцебиением при аускультации). Нередко данное состояние сопровождается эмфиземой мягких тканей грудной стенки, шеи. Частота спонтанного пневмомедиастинума, по данным различных авторов, варьирует от 1:3578 до 1:44 511.В связи с низкой частотой встречаемости стандартов лечения не существует. Учитывая благоприятный прогноз спонтанного пневмомедиастинума, к хирургическому вмешательству прибегают редко. Ключевую роль в диагностике играют лучевые методы исследования – рентгенография, компьютерная томография. Рентгеноскопию пищевода с контрастным веществом, фиброгастродуоденоскопию, бронхоскопию и электрокардиографию выполняют для дифференциальной диагностики с другими патологиями, манифестирующими похожими клиническими или рентгенологическими проявлениями.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum, or Hammann’s syndrome, is a rare condition that is accompanied by chest pain, shortness of breath, dysphagia, and sometimes neck pain. A characteristic symptom is the "Hamman crunch" (the presence of a crepitus sound synchronous with the heartbeat during auscultation). Often this condition is accompanied by emphysema of the soft tissues of the chest wall, neck. The frequency of spontaneous pneumomediastinum, according to various authors, varies from 1:3578 to 1:44 511.Due to the low incidence of treatment standards do not exist. Given the favorable prognosis of spontaneous pneumomediastinum, surgical intervention is rarely resorted to. A key role in the diagnosis is played by radiation research methods, such as radiography, computed tomography. X-ray of the esophagus with a contrast agent, fibrogastroduodenoscopy, bronchoscopy and electrocardiography are performed for differential diagnosis with other pathologies that manifest similar clinical or radiological manifestations.