bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retrocarotid dissection technique compared to the caudocranial approach for the surgical treatment of carotid body tumors: A 15-year experience
Authors: Bobadilla-Rosado Luis O , Anaya-Ayala Javier E , Santos-Chavez Eros , Mier y Teran-Ellis Santiago , Bonilla-Salas Aliberth , Rivas-Redonda Kenia , Gomez-Serafin Xandra , Laparra-Escareno Hugo , Mendez-Dominguez Nina , Hinojosa Carlos A
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

Carotid body tumors are rare neoplasms with malignant potential. We aim to follow up on our initial experience published in 2015 and compare the occurrence of complications and postoperative outcomes with the use of retrocarotid dissection (RCD) against the standard caudocranial (SCCD) technique.

Methods:

This was an observational, case–control study in which we analyzed all of the carotid body tumor resections performed from 1986 to 2022. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used accordingly. Statistical analysis was performed on Stata 17.

Results:

A total of 181 surgical procedures were included, mean age was 56 years (± 13.63), and 168 (93%) were performed in women. The mean medio-lateral diameter was larger in the RCD group (2.85 ± 1.57 cm vs 1.93 ±1.85 cm; p = 0.002) and presurgical embolization was more frequently performed in the SCCD group (27.5% vs 0.7%; p < 0.001). A total of 40 (22.09%) resections were performed using the SCCD technique. In contrast, in 141 (77.91%) procedures the RCD technique was used. The mean surgical time in the RCD group was lower (197.37 ± 70.56 min vs 232 ± 98.34 min; p = 0.01). No statistically significant difference was found between SCCD and RCD in terms of vascular lesions ( n = 20 [11.04%], 15% vs 9%, respectively; p = 0.36), transient or permanent nerve injuries (25% vs 33%, respectively; p = 0.31), or mean intraoperative bleeding (SCCD: 689.95 ± 680.05 mL vs RCD: 619.64 ± 837.94 mL; p > 0.05).

Conclusions:

RCD appears to be a safe and equivalent alternative to the standard caudocranial approach in terms of intraoperative bleeding or vascular lesions, with a sustained, significant decrease in surgical time.
Power of the network and power from the network: Group processes and radicalization
Authors: Ellenberg Molly , Kruglanski Arie W.
Published: April 2024

The 3N model of radicalization posits that radicalization results from the confluence of the need for significance, the narrative, and the network. The network validates the narrative and rewards with significance those who adhere to it. Thus, it is critical to the radicalization process, leading scholars to suggest that no violent extremist truly acts alone. Similarly, understanding the role of the network is crucial to understanding and facilitating deradicalization, for one who is disillusioned with a violent extremist ideology may not leave their group if they lack an alternative group to replace it. This article discusses the power of the network in radicalization and deradicalization and proposes a novel theory of distinguishing between violent extremists who are more versus less influenced by their network, leading them to perpetrate violence in groups or on their own, respectively.
Social psychological pathways to climate justice: Emerging insights and intersecting challenges
Authors: Pearson Adam R. , Favaro Stella , Sparks Brooke , Schuldt Jonathon P.
Published: April 2024

As the impacts of climate change grow in frequency and intensity, climate justice—the recognition of climate change’s unequal impacts across populations, as well as inequities in the benefits and burdens from societal responses to climate change—has become a central focus of climate policymaking, advocacy, and scholarship. In this review, we take stock of these trends to consider what social psychologists can contribute to this discourse. We draw from integrative perspectives within the environmental social sciences, as well as emerging insights from psychology, communication, and public health, to highlight three areas with growing policy relevance that are ripe for social psychological inquiry: (a) understanding factors that influence climate vulnerability, its causes, and remediation; (b) identifying barriers and pathways to inclusive climate governance and decision-making; and (c) enhancing justice in climate solutions. For each, we consider the relevance of group and intergroup processes and highlight emerging empirical insights and key unanswered questions. We conclude by considering the urgency and challenges of translating psychological research to address climate injustice and highlighting opportunities for advancing the societal relevance of this research.
Do inclusive incentive systems encourage prosocial or competitive behavior in online communities?
Authors: Zhen Lichen , Twyman Marlon
Published: April 2024

Platform designers create and implement incentive systems to encourage users to contribute content to online communities. This article examines the effect of a multidimensional incentive hierarchy in motivating users to engage in competitive and prosocial activities. Utilizing an external change observed in the data science community, Kaggle, and applying a quasi-experimental design, we compared users’ engagement levels before and after introducing a multidimensional incentive hierarchy. We found that implementing a multidimensional incentive system directed users from submitting answers to Kaggle competitions to participating in Kaggle’s online forum discussions. However, our additional analyses suggest that the most and the least motivated users may be less likely to be impacted by such incentives.
To whom do people reply in comment sections? Effects of attitude (un)congeniality, age, confidence, and knowledge
Authors: Buder Jürgen , Said Nadia
Published: April 2024

Phenomena like echo chambers and societal polarization have often been linked to an individual preference for like-minded information (selective exposure). This view has been challenged recently: behavior on comment sections in online forums suggests the opposite dynamic, with users more likely to reply to attitudinally uncongenial content. Three experimental studies (total N = 1524) explore boundary conditions of this uncongeniality bias by measuring participants’ tendency to reply to comments on climate science. Studies 1 (student sample) and 2 (non-student sample) replicate the uncongeniality bias. However, Study 3 (representative for age and gender in Germany) yielded a surprising congeniality bias (a preference for replying to congenial comments) which was driven by participants with higher age. Further results across studies suggest that high confidence increases engagement (general likelihood to reply) but reduces antagonism (likelihood to reply to uncongenial content). Conversely, high knowledge reduces engagement but increases the uncongeniality bias.
All on board? The role of institutional design for public support for differentiated integration
Authors: de Blok Lisanne , Heermann Max , Schuessler Julian , Leuffen Dirk , de Vries Catherine E.
Published: April 2024

Differentiated integration is often considered a solution to gridlock in the European Union. However, questions remain concerning its perceived legitimacy among the public. While research shows that most citizens are not, in principle, opposed to differentiated integration – although support varies across different differentiated integration models and different country contexts – we still know little about the role institutional design plays in citizens’ evaluations of differentiated integration. This article inspects how citizens evaluate different hypothetical differentiated integration arrangements, with varying decision-making procedures, using a conjoint experiment. We ask whether institutional arrangements can overcome citizens’ preference heterogeneity over differentiated integration, and thereby foster the legitimacy of a differentiated European Union. We find that while a majority of citizens care about the inclusiveness of differentiated integration arrangements, they also support limiting the number of veto points. Our analysis also reveals noteworthy differences across citizens with pro- and anti-European Union attitudes in the perceived fairness of differentiated integration arrangements.
Affective routes in interviews: Participants exploring a digital map as a live elicitation method
Authors: Watson Ash , Kirby Emma
Published: April 2024

How we elicit rich reflections from people about their feelings and experiences is a central consideration of qualitative research. Creative techniques of elicitation can open reflective dialogic spaces between participants and researchers, bridging memory and meaning. In this article we discuss participant-led explorations of a digital story-mapping platform as an elicitation technique in qualitative interviews. This platform is Queering the Map, a community-generated counter-mapping project that digitally archives queer moments in place. An atemporal cartographic representation of queer life, visitors to the site zoom, drag and click to reveal the anonymous contributions of others: micro-stories of experience, poems, messages and yearnings, claiming a global landscape of queer feeling. Here we offer reflections from our experience of asking participants to explore and guide us around the map within an interview. We chart how this method of live digital discovery was generative of elicitation and evocation, of insights on affective roots (where have I come from?) and affective routes (where can I take you?). This article contributes to scholarship on elicitation and live methods, including digital and spatial approaches, and to conceptualisations of orientation and mapping.
“I Just Had to Go With It Once I Got There”: Inequality, Housing, and School Re-optimization
Authors: DeLuca Stefanie , Darrah-Okike Jennifer , Nerenberg Kiara Millay
Published: April 2024

Residential segregation by race and class is a durable form of inequality. Yet, we know less about how the unequal sorting of families into neighborhoods and schools occurs. Drawing on interviews with a diverse sample of 156 families, we examine whether residential and school decisions are connected and how they differ by household income. We find that, for higher-income families, residential decisions maintain and build on existing educational advantages, while lower-income parents churn between both houses and schools, doing the continuous work of compensating for unequal settings. Only the highest income—mostly White—parents report that they can combine their housing and school decisions and achieve satisfaction in both domains. In contrast, housing insecurity and unequal, racially-stratified geographies constrain less advantaged, primarily minority families to prioritize affordable shelter over school choice. When such trade-offs lead to inadequate educational experiences for their children, these families try to improve their children’s schools through re-optimization strategies, withdrawing and re-enrolling them into different schools. While some parents perceive that these changes benefit their children, such school transfers can also increase educational instability. More generally, the lack of quality schools in affordable neighborhoods burdens families by requiring compensatory strategies to resolve housing and educational shortcomings.
The Mask of Sanity? Leader Primary Psychopathy and the Effects of Leader Emotion Regulation Strategies on Followers
Authors: Wisse Barbara , Sleebos Ed , Keller Anita
Published: April 2024

Individuals with psychopathic tendencies are sometimes quite capable of acquiring and maintaining leadership positions. One explanation could be that leaders with psychopathic personality profiles “hide behind the mask of sanity” by managing the public display of their emotions so that it positively affects other people's perceptions. We conducted a multisource team study (N = 306 teams) to investigate how leader primary psychopathy and emotion regulation strategies are related to follower perceptions of leader authenticity and follower trust in the leader. We found that leaders with stronger primary psychopathic tendencies would do better to adhere to a strategy of surface acting and refrain from deep acting in order to affect follower trust positively. Perceived authenticity explains the interactive effect of leader emotion regulation and psychopathy on follower trust. We also found that for leaders with higher levels of primary psychopathy deep acting is a less fruitful strategy because they lack the necessary empathic concern, and that the display of naturally felt emotions is a good strategy because it is positively associated with follower trust. We discuss whether the differential use of emotion regulation strategies might explain primary psychopaths’ upward mobility and how their use of emotion regulation strategies could help them to be perceived positively.
Spinal tumor embolization with Onyx: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Batista Savio , Fim Andreão Filipi , Sousa Marcelo Porto , Oliveira Leonardo de Barros , Palavani Lucca Biolcati , Melo Silva Guilherme , de Abreu Livia V , Bertani Raphael , Gomes Quadros Danilo
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Onyx embolization has emerged as a promising technique for spinal tumor embolization due to its high devascularization rate and low incidence of complications.

Objective

Evaluate the safety and efficacy of Onyx embolization in spinal tumor procedures.

Methods

Following the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. To be included, the articles had to report specific outcomes of Onyx embolization for spinal tumors (complications, mortality, blood loss, tumor devascularization, or reduction in tumor blush).

Results

We selected 11 out of 2941 articles, encompassing 127 patients. Among them, no major complications or persistent neurological deficits were reported, and no deaths occurred as a result of the embolization procedure. Of the 63 patients with available data, two complications were observed: one infarct leading to transient neurological deficit and one clinically silent vessel perforation related to the microcatheter. Thus, the complication rate was 1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0% to 6%). Blood loss during surgery ranged from 100 to 1500 mL (four studies). Complete tumor blush reduction was achieved in 52% of the cases (95% CI: 16% to 88%) across 32 patients. Three studies reported a median percentage of tumor devascularization of 91% (86.1% to 97.5%).

Conclusion

Onyx embolization for spinal tumor procedures appears to be a safe technique, as evidenced by the absence of major complications or deaths. However, the determination of its efficacy remains challenging due to limited data availability and substantial heterogeneity across studies. These findings highlight the need for future research to address this knowledge gap and further validate our results.
Non-similar analysis of micropolar magnetized nanofluid flow over a stretched surface
Authors: Farooq Umar , Hussain Muzamil , Farooq Umer
Published: April 2024

The study of micropolar nanofluids unveils intriguing applications, propelled by their exceptional heat transfer capabilities in comparison to conventional fluids. This investigation focuses on analyzing the behavior of magnetized micropolar nanofluid flow over a stretched surface, taking into account crucial factors such as viscous dissipation and heat source. The chosen base fluid is blood, with Copper [Formula: see text] nanoparticles serving as the selected material. Incorporating the single-phase (Tiwari-Das) model with boundary layer assumptions for micropolar nanofluid flow, we introduce the volume fraction of nanoparticles to assess heat transport. The governing system undergoes transformation into a set of dimensionless non-linear coupled differential equations through appropriate transformations. This transformation involves the utilization of a combination of the local non-similarity technique and bvp4c (MATLAB tool) to derive the system of nondimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) for micropolar nanofluid. Our systematic exploration delves into the consequences of nondimensional parameters on velocity, microrotation, and temperature profiles within the boundary layer, including the Eckert number, micropolar parameter, magnetic field parameter, heat source, Prandtl number, and microorganism parameter. Graphical representations vividly demonstrate that the velocity and temperature of micropolar nanofluid increase with the rise in material parameter values, while the microrotation profile decreases. Increasing the magnetic field parameter leads to a reduction in the velocity profile. Moreover, the micropolar temperature profile shows an increase with the rising Eckert number. Crucially, the research emphasizes that factors like the heat source and Eckert number play a role in decreasing the local Nusselt number. In contrast, an increase in the local Nusselt number is observed for material parameters. Furthermore, the skin friction coefficient decreases as micropolar parameter values increase, whereas an increase in the skin friction coefficient is noted for the magnetic field. The primary focus of this research lies in the development of suitable non-similar transformations for the investigated problem, aiming to yield authentic and efficient results. These results hold substantial promise to make meaningful contributions to future research on nanofluid flows.
The Burden for High-Quality Online Data Collection Lies With Researchers, Not Recruitment Platforms
Authors: Cuskley Christine , Sulik Justin
Published: April 2024

A recent article in Perspectives on Psychological Science (Webb & Tangney, 2022) reported a study in which just 2.6% of participants recruited on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) were deemed “valid.” The authors highlighted some well-established limitations of MTurk, but their central claims—that MTurk is “too good to be true” and that it captured “only 14 human beings . . . [out of] N = 529”—are radically misleading, yet have been repeated widely. This commentary aims to (a) correct the record (i.e., by showing that Webb and Tangney’s approach to data collection led to unusually low data quality) and (b) offer a shift in perspective for running high-quality studies online. Negative attitudes toward MTurk sometimes reflect a fundamental misunderstanding of what the platform offers and how it should be used in research. Beyond pointing to research that details strategies for effective design and recruitment on MTurk, we stress that MTurk is not suitable for every study. Effective use requires specific expertise and design considerations. Like all tools used in research—from advanced hardware to specialist software—the tool itself places constraints on what one should use it for. Ultimately, high-quality data is the responsibility of the researcher, not the crowdsourcing platform.
Eye movement differences when recognising and learning moving and static faces
Authors: Butcher Natalie , Bennetts Rachel J. , Sexton Laura , Barbanta Andrei , Lander Karen
Published: April 2024

Seeing a face in motion can help subsequent face recognition. Several explanations have been proposed for this “motion advantage,” but other factors that might play a role have received less attention. For example, facial movement might enhance recognition by attracting attention to the internal facial features, thereby facilitating identification. However, there is no direct evidence that motion increases attention to regions of the face that facilitate identification (i.e., internal features) compared with static faces. We tested this hypothesis by recording participants’ eye movements while they completed the famous face recognition (Experiment 1, N = 32), and face-learning (Experiment 2, N = 60, Experiment 3, N = 68) tasks, with presentation style manipulated (moving or static). Across all three experiments, a motion advantage was found, and participants directed a higher proportion of fixations to the internal features (i.e., eyes, nose, and mouth) of moving faces versus static. Conversely, the proportion of fixations to the internal non-feature area (i.e., cheeks, forehead, chin) and external area (Experiment 3) was significantly reduced for moving compared with static faces (all ps < .05). Results suggest that during both familiar and unfamiliar face recognition, facial motion is associated with increased attention to internal facial features, but only during familiar face recognition is the magnitude of the motion advantage significantly related functionally to the proportion of fixations directed to the internal features.
How is range of motion of the fingers measured in hand therapy practice? A survey study
Authors: Kadakia Zeal , VanderKaay Sandra , Kuspinar Ayse , Packham Tara
Published: April 2024

Introduction

A variety of techniques for measuring finger range of motion (ROM) are available for hand therapist use, however, there is no clear description of which finger ROM methods are preferred in practice. This study explored the preferred measurement techniques, the factors influencing clinical decision-making, and the clinical reasoning processes employed when faced with practice-based measurement scenarios.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional online survey study of hand therapists and American or Canadian Society of Hand Therapists members. Quantitative methods were employed for participant demographics and categorical clinical questions about practice patterns. Qualitative descriptive questions and vignettes were analysed using inductive and deductive content analysis, respectively.

Results

Four hundred and eighty-one responses were included, representing hand therapists with a median age of 51 years and median experience of 19 years. Participants preferred measuring individual joints with a goniometer ( N = 210, 44%) for perceived utility in informing treatment decisions, reliability, and confidence in measurement skills. Participants also preferred active functional ROM ( N = 117, 24%) for being quick, easy, and useful in informing treatment decisions. Participants reported using different methods with time constraints in a busy clinic, taking precautions with pins/wounds, bulky dressings/casts, pain tolerance levels of patients, or with specific pathologies. Participants’ responses to the multi-stage vignette identified distinct patterns of clinical reasoning approaches within individual vignettes.

Conclusions

Hand therapists use multiple methods to measure finger ROM while preferring to use goniometers to measure individual finger joints. They engage procedural and pragmatic reasoning modified by contextual factors when measuring finger ROM.
Predictors of Subjective Olfactory Dysfunction and Sinonasal Quality-of-Life After Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery
Authors: Naimi Bita R. , Farquhar Douglas , Duffy Alexander N. , Garvey Emily A. , Kelly Patrick , Kahn Chase , Doshi Riyana , Shah Riya , Rabinowitz Mindy R. , Toskala Elina , Rosen Marc , Evans James J. , Nyquist Gurston G.
Published: April 2024

Background

This is the largest study in North America investigating olfactory outcomes after pituitary surgery to date.

Objective

Characterize factors associated with subjective olfactory dysfunction (OD) and worsened sinonasal quality-of-life (QOL) after endoscopic TSA.

Methods

Patients undergoing primary TSA for secreting and non-secreting pituitary adenomas between 2017 and 2021 with pre- and post-operative SNOT-22 scores were included. Subjective OD was determined by the smell/taste dysfunction question on the SNOT-22 (smell-SNOT).

Results

159 patients with pre- and post-operative SNOT-22 scores were included. Average total SNOT-22 scores worsened from pre-operative (16.91 ± 16.91) to POM1 (25.15 ± 20.83, P < .001), with no difference from pre-operative (16.40 ± 15.88) to POM6 (16.27 ± 17.92, P = .936) or pre-operative (13.63 ± 13.54) to POM12 (12.60 ± 16.45, P = .651). Average smell-SNOT scores worsened from pre-operative (0.40 ± 1.27) to POM1 (2.09 ± 2.01, P < .001), and pre-operative (0.46 ± 1.29) to POM6 (1.13 ± 2.45, P = .002), with no difference from pre-operative (0.40 ± 1.07) to POM12 (0.71 ± 1.32, P = .100). Female gender had a 0.9-point (95% CI 0.1 to 1.6) P = .021, increase in smell-SNOT at POM1, resolving by POM6 (0.1 [−0.9 to 1.1], P = .800) and POM12 (0.0 [−1.0 to 0.9], P = .942). Septoplasty with tunnel approach had a 1.1 [0.2 to 2.0] out of 5-point ( P = .023) increase in smell-SNOT at POM1, resolving by POM6 (0.2 [−1.1 to 1.6], P = .764) and POM12 (0.4 [−0.9 to 1.6], P = .567). Female gender had a 9.5 (4.0 to 15.1)-point ( P = .001) increase in SNOT-22 scores at POM1, resolving by POM6 (3.4 [−3.0 to 9.8], P = .292) and POM12 (6.4 [−5.4 to 18.2], P = .276). Intra-operative CSF leak had an 8.6 [2.1 to 15.1]-point ( P = .009) increase in SNOT-22 scores at POM1, resolving by POM6 (5.4 [−1.7 to 12.5], P = .135), and POM12 (1.1 [−12.9 to 15.1], P = .873).

Conclusion

Changes in subjective olfaction and sinonasal QOL after TSA may be associated with gender, operative approach, and intra-operative CSF leak, resolving 6-12 months post-operatively.
Repairing the harm: Toward an algorithmic reparations approach to hate speech content moderation
Authors: Peterson-Salahuddin Chelsea
Published: April 2024

Content moderation algorithms influence how users understand and engage with social media platforms. However, when identifying hate speech, these automated systems often contain biases that can silence or further harm marginalized users. Recently, scholars have offered both restorative and transformative justice frameworks as alternative approaches to platform governance to mitigate harms caused to marginalized users. As a complement to these recent calls, in this essay, I take up the concept of reparation as one substantive approach social media platforms can use alongside and within these justice frameworks to take actionable steps toward addressing, undoing and proactively preventing the harm caused by algorithmic content moderation. Specifically, I draw on established legal and legislative reparations frameworks to suggest how social media platforms can reconceptualize algorithmic content moderation in ways that decrease harm to marginalized users when identifying hate speech. I argue that the concept of reparations can reorient how researchers and corporate social media platforms approach content moderation, away from capitalist impulses and efficiency and toward a framework that prioritizes creating an environment where individuals from marginalized communities feel safe, protected and empowered.
Quantifying the self with others
Authors: Call Shelbey R. , Jensen Jared T. , Barbour Joshua B.
Published: April 2024

Self-trackers collect personal data for many reasons, including generating insight about their bodies, habits, productivity, and wellbeing. Self-tracking may expose intimate facets of daily life, raising important questions about surveillance, privacy, and data ownership. In this study, we investigated an online community of self-trackers and their weekly “show-and-tell” presentations through observations of their meetings and interviews with members. Making sense of their personal data in community with others involved practical and philosophical difficulties that participants navigated by integrating competing priorities for their interactions in specific communication moves and by transcending interactional difficulties through a shared focus on an open science data imaginary. The findings contribute to the study of the datafication of health by revealing how their interactions helped them generate meaning, how they navigated the tensions inherent to making sense of personal data in community with others, and how they deliberated about the broader social issues implicated in their practice.
Virtual reality interventions designed to support parents during and throughout the first year after birth: A scoping review
Authors: Fallon Victoria , Davies Sian M , Silverio Sergio , Creagh Lisa
Published: April 2024

Objective

Virtual reality (VR) has become increasingly popular in clinical and health settings where it has been used for a wide range of purposes. A recent scoping review explored VR applications to assist pregnant women and found that VR was a useful method to be used for a range of different purposes in both pregnancy and labour. However, no such review exists for the period after birth.

Method

We aimed to search for studies that used VR to support parents during birth and in the first year postpartum (Population) in different settings (Context), and finally provided data on the characteristics, reported effectiveness and experience of VR interventions (Concept). Two hundred and fifty-one studies were identified, of which ten were eligible. Two authors independently extracted data including study design, participants and results.

Results

Findings indicate that VR has been used effectively in this context to alleviate depression anxiety, and multiple domains of pain and to improve childbirth satisfaction. The majority of the studies explored the use of VR technology on outcomes such as pain and anxiety during labour and birth. The studies included used a broad range of VR hardware and software. All of the studies reported positive experiences of using VR.

Conclusions

Across these studies, VR was found to be effective in terms of both physiological and psychological outcomes. There are many unexplored maternal and infant focused applications of VR which warrant further investigation as emerging evidence indicates this is becoming an increasingly accessible method to improve maternal and infant health outcomes from pregnancy through to parenthood.
“You Could Hear a Hair Pin Drop”: Queer Utopianism and Informal Knowledge Production in the Gaylor Closeting Conspiracy Theory
Authors: Eadon Yvonne M.
Published: April 2024

Rumors about Taylor Swift’s sexuality have persisted since the early days of her career. They have coalesced into an online subculture known as “Gaylor.” Gaylor is a novel kind of conspiracy theory known as a “Closeting Conspiracy Theory” (CCT). CCTs involve speculating about a public figure’s sexuality, gathering pertinent evidence, and producing fan knowledges, often informally, on social media. Like shipping and slash fiction (which they often involve) CCTs are largely feminized. Through a qualitative content analysis of 200 TikTok videos, this article situates Gaylor as a CCT that has developed into a kind of knowledge culture. Analyzing this knowledge culture using Emily Coccia’s notion of too-close reading and José Muñoz’s queer utopianism reveals specialized practices of knowledge production, including informal boundary work. As Gaylors get “too close” to Swift’s star text, triangulating lyrics and music videos with images and videos from Swift’s life, they produce folk literary criticism. Muñoz’s queer utopianism saturates Gaylor discourses, with many Gaylors engaging in a specific type of conspiracy-inflected queer utopianism: the doomsday coming-out. The doomsday coming-out pushes the date of the Swift’s purported coming out back further and further after each anticipated album or music video release, not unlike the date of the apocalypse in a doomsday cult. Ultimately, the function of producing CCT knowledge in the Gaylor community is propelled forward by imagining queer futures, reflecting on personal identity, building community, and pushing back against heterosexist consensus.
A Case of Persistent Junctional Reciprocating Tachycardia Coincident With Cor Triatriatum Sinister
Authors: Carney Molly C. , Karolcik Brock A. , Gupta Aditi , Arora Gaurav , Beerman Lee B. , Follansbee Christopher W.
Published: April 2024

Persistent junctional reciprocating tachycardia is a rare form of refractory atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia that accounts for <1% of supraventricular tachycardia in pediatrics. The accessory pathways are generally isolated with few reported underlying structural heart defects. We present a case of a five-month-old male with refractory tachyarrhythmia found to have cor triatriatum sinister, which to our knowledge, is the first reported case of these two rare anomalies coexisting.
Operative Repair of Aortopulmonary Window: A 25-Year Experience
Authors: Kalustian Alyssa B. , Tang Richard C. , Imamura Michiaki
Published: April 2024

Background: Aortopulmonary window (APW) is a rare anomaly with variable morphology and associated cardiac anomalies. We evaluated impact of patient and operative factors on mid-term outcomes following APW repair. Methods: Twenty-nine patients underwent surgical APW repair at our institution from 1996 to 2022. Eight (28%) had simple APW, accompanied by only atrial septal defect or patent ductus arteriosus; 21 (72%) had complex APW with additional cardiovascular lesions, including nine with interrupted aortic arch. Median operative age was 19 days (range 2 days-1.5 years) via single-patch (n = 12, 41%), double-patch (n = 15, 52%), or ligation and division (n = 2, 7%). Results: The only mortality occurred in-hospital 1.4 years postoperatively following remote myocardial infarction. Factors associated with longer postoperative length of stay were complex APW ( P = .003), genetic syndrome ( P = .003), noncardiovascular comorbidities ( P = .002), lower birth weight ( P = .03), and lower operative weight ( P = .03). Six patients (21%) with complex APW underwent unplanned cardiothoracic reintervention(s), including two with arch reintervention following arch advancement for interruption. Reintervention-free survival was similar for simple versus complex APW, operative age categories, and repair techniques. At median follow-up 5.5 years postoperatively, no patients had residual APW or persistent pulmonary hypertension, 1 (3%) had greater than mild ventricular dysfunction, and 25 (89% survivors) had NYHA class I functional status. Conclusions: Operative APW repair has excellent mid-term survival, durability, and functional status, regardless of operative age, cardiovascular comorbidities, or repair technique. Cardiac and noncardiac comorbidities may be associated with prolonged length of stay.
A Systematic Review of Technology Innovations in Housing Management in Scotland
Authors: Ding Haochen , Sun Jinghong
Published: April 2024

The global housing management sector is being transformed by digital innovations, especially those introduced by property technology start-ups, or PropTech. These entities are reshaping the dynamics between property owners, tenants, and housing management processes. As scholarly literature expands on this subject, our study focuses on assessing the impact of such digital interventions on housing management in Scotland. This systematic review of 10 scholarly articles (2018–2022) on this subject revealed three dominant themes: automation, digitization management, and brokerage-based functions. These findings indicate a shift from conventional housing management practices, significantly influenced by PropTech advancements. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and IT designers, guiding them to identify populations in need and create user-centric applications, hence contributing to the evolving landscape of Scotland’s housing market.
Moving Through the Storm: A Longitudinal Study on IT-Based Agile Organizational Crisis Response
Authors: Ou Juanjuan , Wong IpKin Anthony
Published: April 2024

This research integrates the theoretical strands of crisis management and organizational agility to improvise a process in which organizations expedite their IT-based solutions to cope with mega disruptions, carried out through two studies. Using corpus linguistics as an analytical approach with data collected from press releases from 10 US retail conglomerates, our findings point to the transition from a business-as-usual business model to the incubation of a work-at-home retail model that is infused by technology innovations. In making such a transition, organizations exercise agility through rapidly responding to a multitude of environmental jolts. The contribution of the present article lies in illuminating the role of IT innovations and digitization efforts that lay the necessary organizational capabilities to stay abreast with market opportunities amid extenuating circumstances. This research provides an empirical articulation of the importance of IT-based crisis responses to help scholars better understand the nature of crisis management and organizational agility.
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Clinical Practicum of Undergraduate Nursing and Midwifery Students in Jordan: A Descriptive Survey
Authors: Alnjadat Rafi M. , Al-Rawashdeh Ahmad B. , Almutairi Faizah Ayedh , Shahin Mahmoud Abdel Hameed
Published: April 2024

Introduction

The effects of COVID-19 lockdowns and the discontinued face-to-face clinical practicum had negative consequences on nursing and midwifery students at many levels. The clinical learning environment includes all the training and learning experiences that nursing students undergo during their clinical practicum.

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the effects of the COVID-19 lockdowns on the nursing and midwifery students’ practicum training in governmental and private universities and academic faculties of nursing in Jordan.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study of 1025 nursing and midwifery students from academic faculties of nursing of both governmental and private Jordanian universities was conducted in September 2021. The research group from two Jordanian universities designed and validated a 13-item survey to determine and evaluate the impact of mass lockdowns on nursing and midwifery students’ practicum training. The responses were assessed using descriptive and inferential analyses.

Results

The findings revealed that the lockdown had a negative impact on nursing and midwifery students’ self-confidence and competency in performing nursing procedures. The academic year of the students was a significant independent predictor of their self-confidence and competency levels in performing nursing procedures.

Conclusion

The study concluded that nursing and midwifery students were dissatisfied with their clinical education during the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to poor self-confidence in performing nursing procedures. The study group recommended repeating the clinical practicum, incorporating extensive laboratory and hospital courses, and implementing a one-year internship for newly graduated nurses and midwives to address the training gap and enhance self-confidence in clinical procedures.
Turning Customers into Citizens: The Impact of Online Experiential Value on Customer Citizenship Behaviour
Authors: Shahin Mahitab Mohamed
Published: April 2024

This research aims to understand customer motivations to display customer citizenship behaviour in the emerging market setting of Egypt. It develops and empirically tests the multidimensional perspective of online experiential value (grounded in the theory of consumption value) and customer citizenship behaviour to determine customer motivations to become company citizens on social media brand pages. Using an online self-administered survey, 294 responses were collected. Data were analyzed using structural equation modelling to achieve the research objectives. Findings confirm there is a positive and significant relationship between online experiential value and customer citizenship behaviour on social media brand pages. This research contributes to the literature by providing an understanding of how to employ the online experiential value dimensions to drive customer citizenship behaviour. The findings of this research will help marketers build effective social media marketing strategies where they provide customers with the five essential components of online experiential value necessary to establish customer citizenship behaviour.
Practicing data inclusion: Co-creation of an urban data dashboard
Authors: Nidam Yael , Gibson Reann , Houston-Read Rebecca , Picard Marcia , Gavin Vedette
Published: April 2024

Co-creation of urban data and informatics with community partners facilitates the development of insights and actions that are grounded in residents’ experiences and aimed at achieving social change. Despite rising interest in co-creation strategies, instructive guidance on implementation remains scarce. To address the shortage of instructive guidance, we provide a detailed account of how the resident, community, and institutional partners in the Healthy Neighborhoods Study co-created a dataset on neighborhood health, and a data dashboard that allows for all partners, as well as the public, to access and use the data to support neighborhood-level action and regional planning. We focus on the collaborative and iterative design process used to co-create a digital tool to access, analyze, interpret, and communicate community-generated data. While co-creation strategies require an upfront investment in relationship building and facilitating a more complex process, they carry significant benefits in producing truly representative datasets and data tools and services that advance data inclusion, laying the foundation for social change.
Primary care-based screening and recruitment for an adolescent depression prevention trial: Contextual considerations during a youth mental health crisis
Authors: Knepper Amanda K. , Feinstein Rebecca T. , Sanchez-Flack Jennifer , Fitzgibbon Marian , Lefaiver Cheryl , McHugh Ashley , Gladstone Tracy R.G. , Van Voorhees Benjamin W.
Published: April 2024

Background

Rising rates of adolescent depression in the wake of COVID-19 and a youth mental health crisis highlight the urgent need for accessible mental healthcare and prevention within primary care. Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) may increase access for underserved populations. However, these interventions are not well studied in adolescents, nor healthcare settings. The purpose of this study was to identify barriers and facilitators to screening and recruitment activities for PATH 2 Purpose (P2P): Primary Care and Community-Based Prevention of Mental Disorders in Adolescents, a multi-site adolescent depression prevention trial comparing two digital prevention programs within four diverse health systems in two U.S. states.

Method

This qualitative study is a component of a larger Hybrid Type I trial. We conducted semi-structured key informant interviews with clinical and non-clinical implementers involved with screening and recruitment for the P2P trial. Informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), interviews were conducted at the midpoint of the trial to identify barriers, facilitators, and needed adaptations, and to gather information on determinants that may affect future implementation.

Findings

Respondents perceived the P2P trial as valuable, well aligned with the mission of their health systems. However, several barriers were identified, many of which stemmed from influences outside of the healthcare settings. Universal and site-specific outer setting influences (COVID-19 pandemic, youth mental health crisis, local community conditions) interacted with Inner Setting and Innovation domains to create numerous challenges to the implementation of screening and recruitment.

Conclusion

Our findings emphasize the need for ongoing, comprehensive assessment of dynamic inner and outer setting contexts prior to and during implementation of clinical trials, as well as flexibility for adaptation to unique clinical contexts. The CFIR is useful for assessing determinants during times of rapid inner and outer setting change, such as those brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, youth mental health crisis, and the corresponding exacerbation of resource strain within healthcare settings

Clinical trial registration

PATH 2 Purpose: Primary Care and Community-Based Prevention of Mental Disorders in Adolescents https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04290754 .
A Qualitative Examination of Perceptions of Mindfulness Among Arab, Middle Eastern, and North African Americans: Implications for Cultural Adaptation of Mindfulness-Based Interventions
Authors: Haidar Andrea , Kalantzis Maria , Nallajerla Meghana , Vela Alyssa , Adler Shelley R. , Burnett-Zeigler Inger
Published: April 2024

Background

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are well-positioned to address health disparities among racial-ethnic minority communities, given their focus on stress reduction and potential for greater accessibility and acceptability than conventional mental health treatments. Yet, there are currently no peer-reviewed studies of MBIs in an Arab, Middle Eastern, or North African (MENA) American sample. Addressing this gap in the literature is critical for advancing integrative health equity, given the high burden of stress and high prevalence of stress-related health conditions among Arab/MENA Americans.

Objective

The present study sought to explore perceptions of mindfulness among Arab/MENA Americans and identify potential cultural adaptations to MBIs for this population.

Methods

4 focus groups were conducted with 26 Arab/MENA American adults who had participated in an introductory mindfulness workshop. Participants were asked about their experience learning mindfulness skills, the usefulness of mindfulness for problems they face, the alignment of mindfulness with their cultural values and practices, and suggestions for adapting mindfulness programs. Qualitative coding of focus group session transcriptions was conducted to identify themes in the data.

Conclusion

The participants in this study described experiencing high levels of stress and identified micro- and macro-level stressors related to their Arab/MENA American identity, including discrimination, exclusion, historical and intergenerational trauma, and protracted sociopolitical crises in their heritage countries. They viewed mindfulness as a potentially useful approach to coping with stress. At the same time, participants identified aspects of mindfulness that could be adjusted to better align with their cultural values and experiences. Potential adaptations to MBIs for Arab/MENA Americans were identified based on suggestions from participants and issues they raised while discussing cultural strengths, stressors they face, and perceived barriers and facilitators to engaging in mindfulness practice.
Bleomycin induces senescence and repression of DNA repair via downregulation of Rad51
Authors: Chen Fuqiang , Zhao Wenna , Du Chenghong , Chen Zihan , Du Jie , Zhou Meijuan
Published: April 2024

Background

Bleomycin, a potent antitumor agent, is limited in clinical use due to the potential for fatal pulmonary toxicity. The accelerated DNA damage and senescence in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) is considered a key factor in the development of lung pathology. Understanding the mechanisms for bleomycin-induced lung injury is crucial for mitigating its adverse effects.

Methods

Human lung epithelial (A549) cells were exposed to bleomycin and subsequently assessed for cellular senescence, DNA damage, and double-strand break (DSB) repair. The impact of Rad51 overexpression on DSB repair and senescence in AECs was evaluated in vitro. Additionally, bleomycin was intratracheally administered in C57BL/6 mice to establish a pulmonary fibrosis model.

Results

Bleomycin exposure induced dose- and time-dependent accumulation of senescence hallmarks and DNA lesions in AECs. These effects are probably due to the inhibition of Rad51 expression, consequently suppressing homologous recombination (HR) repair. Mechanistic studies revealed that bleomycin-mediated transcriptional inhibition of Rad51 might primarily result from E2F1 depletion. Furthermore, the genetic supplement of Rad51 substantially mitigated bleomycin-mediated effects on DSB repair and senescence in AECs. Notably, decreased Rad51 expression was also observed in the bleomycin‐induced mouse pulmonary fibrosis model.

Conclusions

Our works suggest that the inhibition of Rad51 plays a pivotal role in bleomycin-induced AECs senescence and lung injury, offering potential strategies to alleviate the pulmonary toxicity of bleomycin.