bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and Analysis of Amygdalin, Neoamygdalin and Amygdalin Amide in Different Processed Bitter Almonds by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and HPLC-DAD
Authors: Xu Shuya , Xu Xinfang , Yuan Shaoxiong , Liu Huan , Liu Mengnan , Zhang Ying , Zhang Hui , Gao Yan , Lin Ruichao , Li Xiangri
Published: August 2017

Processing is a traditional pharmacy technology based on traditional Chinese medicine theory. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) ingredients should be processed before being used as a medicine. Processed bitter almonds are widely used in the clinic in TCM for the treatment of cough and asthma. In this work the amygdalin profile of three producing areas in China was determined, with respect to three differently processed bitter almond products: raw, stir-fried and scalded. Identification of the compounds was done by using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Results indicated that amygdalin, neoamygdalin and amygdalin amide were identified in the different processed bitter almonds. Meanwhile, amygdalin was used as a standard to calculate the quantification of amygdalin and the concentration ratio of neoamygdalin and total amygdalin by HPLC-DAD. The data suggested that composition of amygdalin isomers in bitter almonds was influenced by the processing method. It also gives a new understanding of the processing principle of bitter almonds. Moreover, the classification of different processed bitter almonds can be achieved on the basis of amygdalin isomers levels.
Cytotoxic Activity of Origanum Vulgare L. on Hepatocellular Carcinoma cell Line HepG2 and Evaluation of its Biological Activity
Authors: Elshafie Hazem , Armentano Maria , Carmosino Monica , Bufo Sabino , De Feo Vincenzo , Camele Ippolito
Published: August 2017

The potential of plant essential oils (EOs) in anticancer treatment has recently received many research efforts to overcome the development of multidrug resistance and their negative side effects. The aims of the current research are to study (i) the cytotoxic effect of the crude EO extracted from Origanum vulgare subsp hirtum and its main constituents (carvacrol, thymol, citral and limonene) on hepatocarcinoma HepG2 and healthy human renal cells HEK293; (ii) the antibacterial and phytotoxic activities of the above EO and its main constituents. Results showed that cell viability percentage of treated HepG2 by EO and its main constituents was significantly decreased when compared to untreated cells. The calculated inhibition concentration (IC50) values for HepG2 were lower than healthy renal cells, indicating the sort of selectivity of the studied substances. Citral is not potentially recommended as an anticancer therapeutic agent, since there are no significant differences between IC50 values against both tested cell lines. Results showed also that oregano EO and its main constituents have a significant antibacterial activity and a moderate phytotoxic effect. The current research verified that oregano EO and its main constituents could be potentially utilized as anticancer therapeutic agents.
Matrix Microparticles Of Copaiba Oil (Copaifera Langsdorffii) On Renal Physiology: Patent Review
Authors: Henriques Brito Marcus Vinicius , Yasojima Edson Yuzur , Ribeiro Júnior Rubens Fernando Gonçalves , Pinto Luis Cláudio , Dos Santos Carballo Mariela Carolina , Monteiro Andrew Moraes , Couteiro Rodrigo Paracampo , Ribeiro Camille Mota , De Oliveira Rocha Camylla Rodrigues , Da Costa Cavalcante Lainy Carollyne
Published: August 2017

PURPOSE: to demonstrate the effect of matrix microparticles of Copaifera langsdorffii (aerial parts of copaiba), aiming to evaluate the discussions and results of the works that demonstrate Its function on the kidneys as well as its effectiveness.

METHODS: A bibliographic study was carried out by consulting public online databases of patents, such as the United States Patent and Trademark office, World Intellectual Property Organization and the National Intellectual Property Institute; The following keywords were used: copaiba oil, renal function, kidney, kidney stones, matrix microparticles Copaifera langsdorffii and lithiasis. In this study were included patents of invention, innovations and utility models in the period from January 2007 to May 2016.

RESULTS: One patent register was included regarding a method for obtaining microparticles and compounds, having antilithiasic, analgesic, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic and antiseptic activity.

CONCLUSION: The patent registry survey demonstrates the possibility of beneficial action of matrix microparticles Copaifera langsdorffii on renal physiology, acting as antilithiasis and even with diuretic properties, thus opening up new possibilities of research of this substance on renal physiology.
The Impact of Landslides on Local Infrastructure and
the Environment
Authors: Skrzypczak Izabela , Kokoszka Wanda , Kogut Janusz
Published: August 2017

Landslides are environmental processes that lead to natural disasters or technical failures, the effects
of which usually threaten the life, health and property of people. In the classification of natural disasters
and hazards that occur in the world, landslides are in fifth place, both in the number of casualties and material
losses. Continuous surveillance and risk assessment is a very important issue in preventing the effects of
natural disasters. The paper presents the causes of landslides, the classification of landslides, several examples
of landslides and damage caused by landslides. Here, the occurrence of landslides as climatic events is
given, as well as geological and anthropogenic factors of landslides. The paper indicates risk assessment
methods in case of landslide hazard. The risk analysis developed here is presented for selected landslides
from the Subcarpathian province.
Drainage Trench Conductivity and Biogenic Materials Retention
Authors: Klimašauskas Mindaugas , Šaulys Valentinas
Published: August 2017

In the work, the effectiveness of hydrosystem functioning, when the filtration characteristics of the drainage trench backfill are improved by admixing lime materials, is analysed after a 28-year period of use. The tests of effec-tiveness of hydrosystem functioning were carried out in the test object of Raseiniai district, Kalnujai. The drainage was installed in the drying systems and the filtration characteristics of trench backfills were improved by admixing the lime material. Analysing the maximum comparative debits of drainage in the control drying systems in the period of spring and autumn 2016 (0.006 and 0.190 ml/s m, respectively) as well as comparative debits in the period of spring and autumn (0.015 and 0.311 ml/s m, respectively) in the drainage, which filtration characteristics of trench backfills were improved by admixing chalkly materials (0,6% ground mass), the results were better by 60.0 and 38.9%, respec-tively. Assessing the drainage system effectiveness indexes of 2012, 2013 and 2016 with the reliability of 95%, it can be stated that the effectiveness of drainage functioning, when the lime materials were used for the improvement of the filtration characteristics of drainage, did not change essentially after a 28-year period of use.
The Influence of Neogene Lithology on the Šventoji River Hydrologic Regime
Authors: Litvinaitis Andrius , Bagdžiūnaitė-Litvinaitienė Lina , Šaučiūnas Laurynas
Published: August 2017

Due to the recently increasing frequency of extreme changes in river runoff regime, scientific literature deals with the characteristics of runoff formation. Works are carried out in analyzing climate changes and a lot of attention falls on land–use structures. Following thorough analysis of the lithological structure of river basins in separate costal zones, this article aims at evaluating river runoff formation characteristics. The basin lithological factor (sandy, loamy, argillaceous) was calculated based on Quaternary map of Lithuania M 1:200000 and Lithuanian river map M 1:50000 using ArcGis software. In order to carry out more thorough analysis of the influence of lithology in given territories, sections of 0–20 m, 50–200 m, 200–500 m, 500–800 m, 800–1000 m and >1000 m were established, calculating the distance in meters from the riverbank. The period of the years 1984–2014 was analyzed, years with the greatest, average and lowest amounts of precipitation (according to proba-bility) was analysed and relation between the runoff and precipitation was established as well as that with the lithological structure, estab-lished following a derivation of a hydromodule.
Determination of Relation between the Quaternary Sediments and Land Use Dissemination on the Basis of Šventoji River Basin
Authors: Litvinaitis Andrius , Bagdžiūnaitė-Litvinaitienė Lina , Šaučiūnas Laurynas
Published: August 2017

On preparing of the first management plans of River Basin Districts have been found that diffuse agricultural pol-lution is one of the most important causing factor and the most significant impact on the quality of water bodies. Diffuse agricultural pollution can be from 45% to 80% of nitrate nitrogen pollution load of water bodies. Pollution is transported by water surface and subsurface runoff through sediments from agricultural territories. This article aims at evaluating of relation between the Quaternary sediments and Land use dissemination. The lithological factor (sandy, loamy, argillaceous) of the basin was calculated based on Quaternary map of Lithuania M 1:200000 and Lithuanian river map M 1:50000. The land-use factor of the basin was calculated based on Corine Land cover M 1:100000 using ArcGis software. In order to carry out more thorough analysis of the determination of relation between the Quaternary sediments and Land use dissemination in given territories, sections of 0–50 m, 50–200 m, 200–500 m, 500–800 m, 800–1000 m and >1000 m were established, calculating the distance in meters from the riverbank.
Estimation of Groundwater Level Using Artificial Neural Networks: a Case Study of Hatay-Turkey
Authors: Üneş Fatih , Demirci Mustafa , Ispir Eyup , Ziya Kaya Yunus , Mamak Mustafa , Tasar Bestami
Published: August 2017

Groundwater, which is a strategic resource in Turkey, is used for drinking-use, agricultural irrigation and industrial purposes. Population increase and total water consumption are constantly increasing. In order to meet the need for water, over-shoots from underground water have caused significant falls in groundwater level. Estimation of water level is important for planning an efficient and sustainable groundwater management. In this study, groundwater level, monthly mean precipitation and temperature observations of Turkish General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works (DSI) in Hatay, Amik Plain, Kumlu district were used between 2000 and 2015 years. The performance evaluation was done by creating Multi Linear Regression (MLR) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) models. The ANN model gave better results than the MLR model.
Women Painters of Mithila
Authors: Pathak Sudha Jha
Published: August 2017

The region of Mithila has become synonymous with the beautiful and vibrant Madhubani paintings which are very much coveted by the connoisseurs of art the world over. The women from Mithila have been making these paintings and it is admirable that they have been able to carve out a space and name for themselves amidst the patriarchal set-up of society. Indeed, there is no other parallel anywhere else in the world of a folk-painting being mastered exclusively by women. The progressive commercialization of this art has resulted in the corrosion of this pristine variety of art - in form as well as content. Except a miniscule number of artists, economically the plight of the vast majority of these women painters has remained quite miserable who are forced to sell their artistic pieces for a pittance while a huge profit is earned by the middlemen. The commodification and commercialization of this traditional art form has caused much alarm to the anthropologists, art historians and connoisseurs of art who are sensitive to the cultural origins and solemnity of these art forms, and also made them empathetic to the economic deprivation of the women artists who produce them. These women artists are undermined by the patriarchal social structures of the community and family and also by the market that expropriates traditional knowledge and cultural expressions.
Digital Literacy and the Emergence of Technology-Based Curriculum Theories
Authors: Mallon Melissa N. , Gilstrap Donald L.
Published: August 2017

A shifting focus in education is resulting in more networked, technology-enhanced classrooms. Contemporary educators need to be aware of the skill sets students require to thrive in twenty-first century educational environments. This developmental and learner-centered approach, known as digital literacy, enables students to use technology to find, evaluate, organize, create, and communicate information. This chapter, therefore, proposes a theoretical framework for teaching digital literacy. The authors examine contemporary learning theories, including connectivism and chaos and complexity theories, in an effort to promote further discussion on the epistemological development of digital literacy. Taking into consideration advantages and barriers to promoting digital literacy in the classroom, the authors propose best practices for educators seeking to incorporate these competencies into their curricula.
Showing a Human and Professional Face to the World
Authors: Munday Jennifer , Rowley Jennifer
Published: August 2017

The online learning space can appear to be cold and impersonal for Higher Education students. The aim of this chapter is to show the progress of a teaching and learning design using a “sense of self” model, which is being used in ePortfolio creation in two Higher Education institutions. This chapter demonstrates that an ePortfolio can be a tool for showcasing students' levels of achievement in regard to a “sense of self”. The authors intend that the positive results from the outcomes of the two pedagogic approaches to the ePortfolio process should encourage other users of ePortfolio to engage with flexible and creative approaches to the production of showcase and reflective ePortfolios with students at all phases of a degree program. Academics can positively affect the human connections between students and teachers, emerging professionals and the profession, by encouraging multi-faceted aspects within an ePortfolio as the interface between the online and the professional world.
Developing Digital Literacy
Authors: Obel-Omia Carolyn Haviland
Published: August 2017

Teacher education programs are increasingly responsible for preparing teachers who use technology fluently across curricula. Future teachers must define literacy more broadly than they have in the past to include digital modes of reading and writing. Experience with digital tools in literacy methodology courses provides opportunities for teacher candidates to reflect critically on these tools, preparing teachers to use technology to its advantage in elementary school classrooms. This chapter describes four digital practices designed to engage teacher candidates in participating in and reflecting on authentic reading and writing to develop next-generation literacy teachers. These practices include examples of activities that can be adapted to both teacher preparation and elementary education classrooms.
The Technoethical Ethos of Technic Self-Determination
Authors: Cortese Francesco Albert Bosco
Published: August 2017

This paper addresses concerns that the development and proliferation of Human Enhancement Technologies (HET) will be (a) dehumanizing and (b) a threat to our autonomy and sovereignty as individuals. The paper argues contrarily that HET constitutes nothing less than one of the most effective foreseeable means of increasing the autonomy and sovereignty of individual members of society. Furthermore, it elaborates the position that the use of HET exemplifies – and indeed even intensifies – our most human capacity and faculty: namely the desire for increased self-determination, which is referred to as the will toward self-determination. Based upon this position, the paper argues that the use of HET bears fundamental ontological continuity with the human condition in general and with the historically-ubiquitous will toward self-determination in particular. HET will not be a dehumanizing force, but will rather serve to increase the very capacity that characterizes us as human more accurately than anything else.
E-Citizenship Skills Online
Authors: Alam Sultana Lubna , McLoughlin Catherine
Published: August 2017

With Web 2.0 technologies becoming increasingly integrated into all facets of higher education and society, it is vital to use the digital communicative tools and digital media so that students develop appropriate digital literacy and human-computer interaction (HCI) skills to enable them to become participatory citizens in our future society. In this case study, Web 2.0 tools and scenarios for learning are used in learning tasks to connect learners, share ideas, communicate, and co-create content within a university learning environment. The context for the study is social informatics – a composite class comprising 25-30 postgraduate and 3rd year undergraduate students within the Faculty of Information Sciences and Engineering. The study of social informatics examines the impact of technology upon social processes and learning. In order for students to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the topic, they engaged in range of tasks that enabled them to engage in collaborative dialogue and knowledge creation. In this case study, a Moodle mashup (the integration of information from different sources into one Website) is used to amalgamate information from the class and external sources such as blogs, wikis, and Twitter. The integration of HCI and Web 2.0 technologies into the learning process is examined, highlighting how social media tools can improve student engagement, collaboration, and digital literacy and e-citizenship skills.
Emerging Digital Technologies and Women's Leadership in Global Business
Authors: Pereira Carlos Eduardo Nogueira Couto
Published: August 2017

Despite progress, women in global business are still widely underrepresented in leadership positions. In their path to become leaders, women have to deal with gender stereotypes and discriminatory practices on a daily basis while they interact and perform their work. As emerging digital technologies become instrumental for interaction and performance of global business, women are required to increasingly contest gender inequalities and enact their leadership roles while using these technologies. This chapter explores to what extent the use of emerging digital technologies can contribute to contest gender inequalities and enact women's leadership in business. It does it by revising the literature on emerging technologies and organisational practices and implications for gender and leadership and presenting the findings of an ethnographic study conducted among women's leaders in a global business. The conclusion brings actionable insights and recommendations for professionals, policy makers, and future research.
Making It for the Screen
Authors: Chilsen Paul
Published: August 2017

We are immersed in a culture of spoken media, written media, and now irrevocably, digital screen media. Just as writing and speaking skills are keys to functioning in society, we must consider that the world increasingly demands proficiency in “mediating” as well. Doing anything less leaves this powerful medium in the hands of a relative few. By offering instruction in what digital screen media is, how it is effectively created, how the Internet continues to alter communication, and how this all informs everyday teaching and learning, digital media literacy can become more broadly understood and accessible. This chapter follows a program developed by the Rosebud Institute and looks at how—using simple, accessible technology—people can become more digital media literate by creating screen products themselves. The creation process also enables deeper, more authentic learning, allowing us all to communicate more effectively, to self-assess more reflectively, and to thrive in a screen-based world.
Competences and Learning Profiles of Digital Age's Students
Authors: Loureiro Ana , Messias Inês
Published: August 2017

In the connected world we live in today, people no longer look for information only in formal places. Internet has become a place of choice to gather information. Social networks have grown from places for socialization to platforms where knowledge is created and shared, where connectivity and collaboration are natural. Many people look at the web as a place for learning, using it to create a network which allows them to gather, select, share, reshape ideas and create knowledge to then replicate on social networks. Students' learning profile is becoming more proactive in the search for information and constructing valid knowledge. The demands of the information age raise the necessity of students to acquire different skills and competences – 21st century skills. This chapter aims to present the different students' learning profiles and the type of learning environments available online.
Information Policies
Authors: Fernández-Bajón Maria Teresa
Published: August 2017

EU policies for digital inclusion outline strategies and action plans based around the implementation of a digitally inclusive society in its member countries. The governing principles of these policies are based on the concept of a knowledge society for everyone, with no place for digital divides that might threaten cohesion and prosperity in Europe and, as such, these policies must encourage greater use of the Internet, increase broadband coverage, promote digital literacy and uphold the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. In 2010, the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Regions Committee, publishes the Digital Agenda for Europe, (2010). A key document that outlines the European policy for ICTs and establishes the priorities of the EU in this area until 2020. The purpose of the Agenda is to outline a space that allows maximization of the economic and social potential of ICTs and specifically Internet as an essential support of society.
Fundamental Analysis of the Usability of an Angle-Resolved Scattered Light Sensor for Monitoring Vibratory Finishing Processes Based on Ray Tracing Simulations
Authors: Torner François M. , Das Jayanti , Stelzer Gerhard , Linke Barbara , Seewig Jörg
Published: August 2017

The angle-resolved scattered light sensor OS500 (made by Optosurf in Ettlingen, Germany) is an optical measuring device that is becoming more and more frequently used inindustrial applications and for the characterization of surfaces in general as well as for measuringroughness and shape. The angle-resolved measurement principle allows the statistical distributionof the gradients of a surface, resulting from the reflectance of the light at the flank angles of theareas examined, to be measured and consequently enables the geometric surface texture to beevaluated. Thus the topography of surfaces is not measured; instead the gradients are evaluated.Since the scattered light sensor measures angles and not distances, the sensor is immune to out-ofplanevibrations in the direction of measurement. Another distinct characteristic of the scattered light sensor is the high degree of sensor dynamics, which when combined with the statisticalanalysis of the surface angles, allows even the finest changes in the surface structure to be detected. Accordingly, it makes sense to use the sensor to monitor processes in which the surfaces and their structures change only slightly during the manufacturing process. One such process is so-called vibratory finishing. This process and several other manufacturing processes geared towards sustainable manufacturing methods are being examined by the “Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering” at the University of California, Davis (CA, USA). On the basis of a ray tracing model, simulations calculations, meaning only virtual measurements, will demonstrate the suitability of the sensor for monitoring manufacturing.
EBV AND HHV-6 CIRCULATING SUBTYPES IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN BURKINA FASO, IMPACT ON CD4 T CELL COUNT AND HIV VIRAL LOAD
Authors: TRAORE Lassina , NIKIEMA Ouéogo , OUATTARA Abdoul Karim , COMPAORE Tegwindé Rébéca , SOUBEIGA Serge Théophile , DIARRA Birama , OBIRI-YEBOAH Dorcas , SORGHO Pegdwendé Abel , DJIGMA Florencia Wendkuuni , BISSEYE Cyrille , YONLI Albert Théophane , SIMPORE Jacques
Published: August 2017

Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) and Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV-6) are responsible for severe diseases, particularly in immunocompromised persons. There are poor data on the infection with these opportunistic viruses in Burkina Faso.The purpose of this study is to characterize EBV and HHV-6 subtypes and to assess their impact on CD4 T cell count, HIV-1 viral load and antiretroviral treatment in people living with HIV-1.The study population consisted of 238 HIV-positive patients with information on CD4 count, HIV-1 viral load and HAART. Venous blood samples collected on EDTA tubes were used for EBV and HHV-6 Real Time PCR subtyping.An infection rate of 6.7% (16/238) and 7.1% (17/238) were found respectively for EBV and HHV-6 in the present study. Among EBV infections, similar prevalences were noted for both subtypes (3.9% [9/238] for EBV-1 vs 4.6% [11/238] for EBV-2) with 2.1% (5/238) of co-infection. HHV-6A infection represented 6.3% (15/238) of the study population against 5.0% (12/238) for HHV-6B. . EBV-2 infection was significantly higher in patients with CD4 count ≥ 500 compared to those with CD4 count less than 500 cells (1.65% vs 8.56%, p = 0,011). The prevalence of EBV and HHV-6 infections were almost similar in HAART-naive and HAART-experienced patients.The present study provides information on the prevalence of EBV and HHV-6 subtypes in people living with HIV-1 in Burkina Faso. The study also suggests that HAART treatment has no effect on infection with these opportunistic viruses in people living with HIV-1.
HEMATOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF YEMENI ADULTS AND CHILDREN WITH VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS. COULD EOSINOPENIA BE A SUSPICION INDEX?
Authors: Al-Ghazaly Jameel , Al-Dubai Waled , Abdullah Munasser , Al-Gharasi Leila
Published: August 2017

Background and objectives: Delay in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) particularly in non-endemic areas is associated with higher mortality. In our experience, we found that marked bone marrow eosinopenia was a very frequent accompaniment of VL and might be a useful clue for the diagnosis, which indicates the opportunity for further morphological assessment. The aim of this study was to describe the hematological characteristics including peripheral blood and bone marrow findings of Yemeni adults and children with VL.Methods: We conducted a descriptive analytic study to evaluate systematically peripheral blood and bone marrow findings of Yemeni adults and children with VL. Peripheral blood and bone marrow aspiration of patients with bone marrow aspirate confirmed VL were examined. Forty-seven patients with the main age (±SD) of 17.34±11.37 years (Range: 1-60) were included in the study. Fifty-one non-VL subjects with splenomegaly and pancytopenia or bicytopenia served as control group.Results: All patients with VL had anemia, 41 (87%) leukopenia, 42 (89%) neutropenia, 44 (94%) thrombocytopenia, 42 (89%) eosinopenia, 34 (72%) pancytopenia and 13 (28%) had bicytopenia. In bone marrow examination 40 (85%) showed hypercellularity, 44 (94%) eosinopenia, 24 (51%) dyserythropoiesis, 22 (47%) lymphocytosis, 8 (17%) plasmacytosis, 27 (57%) decreased iron stores and 20 (43%) showed decreased sideroblasts. Comparison of VL patients with the control group showed significantly more frequent peripheral blood eosinopenia and lymphopenia and marrow eosinopenia. There was no significant difference between adults and children in any of the hematological features.Conclusion: Anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, eosinopenia, pancytopenia and marked bone marrow eosinopenia were the most common findings. The finding of marked bone marrow eosinopenia is a significant clue for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in patients who present with splenomegaly associated with cytopenias. This finding is particularly valuable in non-endemic areas.Keywords: Visceral Leishmaniasis, Yemen, Early Diagnosis, Hematological Features, Bone Marrow Eosinopenia.
Определимое счетное множество, не содержащее определимых элементов
Authors: Kanovei Vladimir Grigorevich , Lyubetskii Vasilii Aleksandrovich
Published: August 2017

Доказана непротиворечивость существования счетного
определимого множества вещественных чисел, не содержащего
определимых элементов. Модель, где такое множество существует,
получена с помощью счетного произведения форсинга Йенсена
с конечной поддержкой.
Библиография: 17 названий.
Точные оценки погрешности интерполяции билинейными сплайнами на некоторых классах функций
Authors: Shabozov Mirgand Shabozovich , Mekhmonzoda S N
Published: August 2017

На некоторых классах функций двух переменных,
задаваемых модулями непрерывности, найдены
точные верхние грани приближения функций
интерполяционными билинейными сплайнами.
Библиография: 11 названий.
Максимальные подмножества без арифметических прогрессий в произвольных множествах
Authors: Semchankau Aliaksei Siarhevich
Published: August 2017

В статье рассматривается задача определения максимальной мощности
подмножества без арифметических прогрессий длины $k$
в заданном множестве размера $n$. Доказано, что в некотором смысле
можно ограничиваться рассмотрением отрезка $[1,…,n]$.
Данная работа продолжает исследование таких авторов,
как Комлош, Силюк и Семереди.
Библиография: 7 названий.
Оптимальное управление недемпфированными системами типа Соболева с запаздыванием
Authors: Vlasenko Larisa Andreevna , Rutkas Anatolij Georgievich
Published: August 2017

Исследуется задача оптимального управления для системы,
эволюция которой описывается операторно-дифференциальным уравнением
второго порядка типа Соболева с запаздыванием.
Основное предположение состоит в ограничении
на производные резольвенты квадратичного пучка операторов на луче
в правой полуплоскости. Рассматриваются приложения к системам,
описываемым уравнениями в частных производных,
не принадлежащих типу Ковалевской.
Библиография: 22 названия.
О вложении однозначно делимой абелевой полугруппы в выпуклый конус
Authors: Orlov Igor Vladimirovich
Published: August 2017

Доказано, что любая однозначно делимая абелева полугруппа
допускает инъективное субаддитивное вложение в выпуклый конус.
Как приложение, классическая теория генераторов
однопараметрических операторных полугрупп обобщена
на случай параметра, пробегающего однозначно делимую полугруппу.
Библиография: 25 названий.
Спектральные асимптотики для задач с интегральными ограничениями
Authors: Petrova Yuliya Petrovna
Published: August 2017

Рассматривается задача на собственные значения
для дифференциального оператора произвольного порядка
с интегральными ограничениями.
Получена асимптотика собственных чисел. Результаты применяются
к нахождению асимптотики вероятности малых уклонений
для некоторых процессов с исключенным трендом $n$-го порядка.
Библиография: 17 названий.
О непродолжаемом решении и разрушении решения одномерного уравнения ионно-звуковых волн в плазме
Authors: Korpusov Maxim Olegovich , Panin Alexander Anatolyevich
Published: August 2017

Рассмотрена начально-краевая задача для уравнения
ионно-звуковых волн в плазме. Доказана теорема
о непродолжаемом решении. Методом пробных функций получены
достаточные условия разрушения решения за конечное время
и оценка сверху на время разрушения.
Библиография: 17 названий.
О положительной определенности некоторых функций, связанных с проблемой Шeнберга
Authors: Zastavnyi Viktor Petrovich , Manov Anatoliy
Published: August 2017

Для достаточно широкого класса функций $f\colon[0,+\infty)\to\mathbb{R}$
доказано, что функция $f(\rho^{\lambda}(x))$ является
положительно определенной на нетривиальном вещественном
линейном пространстве
$E$ тогда и только тогда, когда $0\leqslant\lambda\leqslant\alpha(E,\rho)$.
Здесь $\rho$ - неотрицательная, однородная функция на $E$ и
$\rho(x)\not\equiv 0$, а $\alpha(E,\rho)$ - константа Шeнберга.
Библиография: 42 названия.
Ряды по мультипликативным системам в пространствах Лоренца
Authors: Volosivets Sergei Sergeevich
Published: August 2017

В статье изучаются ряды по мультипликативным системам $\chi$
с обобщенно-монотонными коэффициентами. Доказываются
необходимые и достаточные условия типа Харди-Литтлвуда
принадлежности сумм таких рядов пространству Лоренца.
В качестве следствий устанавливаются оценки наилучшего
приближения по системе $\chi$ и теоремы типа Конюшкова
об эквивалентности $O$- и $\asymp$-соотношений для весовых
сумм из коэффициентов Фурье по системе $\chi$ и наилучших
приближений.
Библиография: 21 название.
Начально-граничная и обратные задачи для неоднородного уравнения смешанного параболо-гиперболического уравнения
Authors: Sabitov Kamil Basirovich
Published: August 2017

Для неоднородного уравнения смешанного параболо-гиперболического
типа в прямоугольной области изучена задача с неоднородными
граничными и начальным условиями. Решение построено в виде
суммы ортогонального ряда. Установлен критерий единственности
решения. Показано, что единственность решения и сходимость
ряда зависят от отношения сторон прямоугольника из гиперболической
части смешанной области. На основе этой задачи впервые поставлены
и изучены обратные задачи по определению сомножителей правых частей
исходного уравнения смешанного типа, зависящих от времени.
На основании теории интегральных уравнений для обратных задач
доказаны соответствующие теоремы единственности и существования
решений.
Библиография: 16 названий.
Асимптотические решения одномерного линеаризованного уравнения Кортевега-де Фриза с локализованными начальными данными
Authors: Sergeev Sergey Andreevich
Published: August 2017

В статье рассматривается задача Коши
с локализованными начальными данными для линеаризованного уравнения
Кортевега-де Фриза. В случае постоянных коэффициентов
для этой задачи строится точное решение для начальной функции
в виде гауссовой экспоненты. Для достаточно произвольной
локализованной начальной функции строится асимптотическое
по малому параметру локализации решение в виде комбинации
функции Эйри и ее производной. Это решение переходит в пределе,
при стремящемся к нулю параметре, в точную функцию Грина
для задачи Коши. Такая асимптотика подходит
и для случая разрывной начальной функции.
Для уравнения с переменными коэффициентами, асимптотическое решение
в окрестности фокальных точек представлено
с помощью специальных функций. Построены передний фронт волны
и ее асимптотика.
Библиография: 12 названий.
О спектральных свойствах некоторых нелинейных операторов типа Штурма-Лиувилля
Authors: Valovik Dmitry Viktorovich
Published: August 2017

Для некоторых квазилинейных обыкновенных дифференциальных уравненийвторого порядка изучена задача на собственные значения типа Штурма-Лиувилля на отрезке с условиями первого рода. Для определения дискретных собственных значений используется дополнительное (локальное) условие на одной из границ отрезка. Задача (эквивалентно) сведена к трансцендентному уравнению относительно спектрального параметра. Анализ этого уравнения позволяет доказать существование бесконечного числа (изолированных) собственных значений, указать их асимптотику, найти условия, при которых собственные функции являются периодическими, вычислить период и указать явную формулу для нулей собственной функции. Получено несколько теорем сравнения. Также изучена задача, к которой не применима теория возмущений.
Библиография: 27 названий.
Дискретная теория Морса для пространств модулей шарнирных многоугольников, или пасьянс на окружности
Authors: Zhukova Alena Mikhailovna , Panina Gaiane Yur'evna
Published: August 2017

Построена точная дискретная функция Морса на пространстве модулей плоского шарнирного многоугольника. Использована клеточная структура на пространстве модулей и дискретная теория Морса, которая позволяет уменьшить число клеток до минимального возможного.
Библиография: 12 названий.
О мажорантах собственных значений задач Штурма-Лиувилля с потенциалами из шаров весовых пространств
Authors: Vladimirov Anton Alekseevich
Published: August 2017

Изучается вопрос о точной априорной мажоранте наименьшего собственного значения задачи Штурма-Лиувилля
$$
-y"+qy=\lambda y,\qquad y(0)=y(1)=0,
$$
с ограничением на потенциал вида $\displaystyle\int_0^1 rq^\gamma dx\leqslant 1$, где вес
$r\in C(0,1)$ равномерно положителен внутри интервала $(0,1)$.
Дается конструктивное доказательство достижимости указанной мажоранты для всех
$\gamma>1$, а при некотором естественном расширении класса допустимых
потенциалов - и для $\gamma=1$.
Библиография: 9 названий.
О сближении управляемой системы, содержащей неопределенный параметр
Authors: Ershov Aleksandr Anatol'evich , Ushakov Vladimir Nikolaevich
Published: August 2017

Рассматривается управляемая система на конечном промежутке времени, содержащая неопределенный постоянный параметр. Под множеством разрешимости в настоящей работе понимаются только те начальные позиции системы, для каждой из которых при любом допустимом значении параметра существует управление, приводящее систему на заданное целевое множество. Разработан численный алгоритм построения приближенного решения, т.е. такого управления на заданном промежутке времени, которое обеспечивает попадание движения управляемой системы в некоторую малую окрестность целевого множества.
Библиография: 26 названий.
Локально стандартные действия тора и пучки над множествами Буксбаума
Authors: Ayzenberg Anton Andreyevich
Published: August 2017

Многообразия с локально стандартным действием тора половинной размерности образуют широкий и важный класс пространств. Их кольца когомологий описаны лишь в частных случаях. В общем случае не известны даже числа Бетти. В работе предлагается подход к этой задаче на основе фильтрации многообразия по типу орбит и исследуется индуцированная этой фильтрацией спектральная последовательность в гомологиях. Эта последовательность вырождается во втором члене только в случае, когда пространство орбит действия гомологически тривиально. Явное описание кольца когомологий в этом случае известно. Тем не менее спектральная последовательность может быть полностью описана в более общей ситуации, а именно в случае, когда все собственные грани пространства орбит ацикличны. Для вычислений используется теория пучков и копучков на конечных частично упорядоченных множествах. Доказываются обобщения двойственности Пуанкаре и спектральной последовательности Зимана-МакКрори для пучков идеалов внешних алгебр.
Библиография: 15 названий.
Минимальные кубические поверхности над конечными полями
Authors: Rybakov Sergey Yur'evich , Trepalin Andrey Sergeevich
Published: August 2017

Пусть $X$ - минимальная кубическая поверхность над конечным полем $\mathbb{F}_q$. Образ $\Gamma$ группы Галуа $\operatorname{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{F}}_q / \mathbb{F}_q)$ в группе автоморфизмов $\operatorname{Aut}(\operatorname{Pic}(\overline{X}))$ является циклической подгруппой группы Вейля $W(E_6)$. В этой группе $25$ классов сопряженности циклических подгрупп, и пять из них соответствуют минимальным кубическим поверхностям. Возникает естественный вопрос: какие классы сопряженности достигаются для минимальных кубических поверхностей над заданным конечным полем? В статье мы даем частичный ответ на этот вопрос и строим много явных примеров таких кубических поверхностей.
Библиография: 11 названий.
Исключительные наборы в поверхностноподобных категориях
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexander Gennad'evich
Published: August 2017

Предложен категорный подход к недавним результатам М. Перлинга о комбинаторике исключительных наборов на численно рациональных поверхностях. С его помощью упрощены и обобщены некоторые из результатов Перлинга, а также критерий Виала существования численного исключительного набора.
Библиография: 18 названий.
Corrosion of Nickel Alloys in Molten LiCl-KCl Medium Under Cl2 Bubbling
Authors: Ravi Shankar A. , Kamachi Mudali U.
Published: August 2017

Pyrochemical reprocessing utilizing molten chloride salt medium has been considered as one of the best options for the reprocessing of spent metallic fuels from future fast breeder reactors. Purification of molten salt is an important step where chlorine gas is purged in molten LiCl-KCl eutectic salt at 873 K. Materials for manufacturing of vessels and components for salt purification system should possess high corrosion resistance under such a highly corrosive environment. The present paper discusses the corrosion behavior of INCONEL Alloys 600 (UNS N06600), 625 (UNS N06625), and 690 (UNS N06690) and their welds in molten LiCl-KCl eutectic salt at 873 K under Cl2 bubbling. Characterization of the exposed surfaces was performed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and glancing incidence x-ray diffraction. The results of the present study indicated that N06600 and N06690 offered better corrosion resistance compared to N06625. Surface morphology of the exposed base metal and weld metal surfaces exhibited intergranular and interdendritic corrosion, respectively, on N06600 and N06625. SEM micrographs clearly indicated that N06690 exhibited uniform dissolution, while N06600 and N06625 exhibited localized attack. The paper highlights the results of the present investigation.
Field intercomparison of prevailing sonic anemometers
Authors: Mauder Matthias , Zeeman Matthias J.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Three-dimensional sonic anemometers are the core component of eddy-covariance systems, which are widely used for micrometeorological and ecological research. In order to characterize the measurement uncertainty of these instruments we present and analyse the results from a field intercomparison experiment of six commonly used sonic anemometer models from four major manufacturers. These models include Campbell CSAT3, Gill HS-50 and R3, METEK uSonic-3 Omni, R.M. Young 81000 and 81000RE. The experiment was conducted over a meadow at the TERENO/ICOS site De-Fen in southern Germany over a period of 16 days in June of 2016 as part of the ScaleX campaign. The measurement height was 3 m for all sensors, which were separated by 9 m from each other, each on its own tripod, in order to limit contamination of the turbulence measurements by adjacent structures as much as possible. Moreover, the high-frequency data from all instruments were treated with the same post-processing algorithm. In this study, we compare the results for various turbulence statistics, which include mean horizontal wind speed, standard deviations of vertical wind velocity and sonic temperature, friction velocity and the buoyancy flux. Quantitative measures of uncertainty, such as bias and comparability, are derived from these results. We find that biases are generally very small for all sensors and all computed variables, except for the sonic temperature measurements of the two Gill sonic anemometers (HS and R3), confirming a known transducer-temperature dependence of the sonic temperature measurement. The best overall agreement between the different instruments was found for the mean wind speed and the buoyancy flux.
Fire intensity impacts on post-fire temperate coniferous forest net
primary productivity
Authors: Sparks Aaron M. , Kolden Crystal A. , Smith Alistair M. S. , Boschetti Luigi , Johnson Daniel M. , Cochrane Mark A.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Fire is a dynamic ecological process in forests and impacts the carbon (C) cycle through direct combustion emissions, tree mortality, and by impairing the ability of surviving trees to sequester carbon. While studies on young trees have demonstrated that fire intensity is a determinant of post-fire net primary productivity, wildland fires at landscape to regional scales have largely been assumed to either cause tree mortality, or conversely, cause no physiological impact, ignoring the impacted but surviving trees. Our objective was to understand how fire intensity affects post-fire net primary productivity in conifer-dominated forested ecosystems at the spatial scale of large wildland fires. We examined the relationships between fire radiative power (FRP), its temporal integral (fire radiative energy – FRE), and net primary productivity (NPP) using 16 years of data from the MOderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) for 15 large fires in western United States coniferous forests. The greatest NPP post-fire loss occurred one year post-fire and ranged from −67 to −312 g C m−2 yr−1 (−13 to −54%) across all fires. Forests dominated by fire-resistant species (species that typically survive low intensity fires) experienced the lowest relative NPP reductions compared to forests with less resistant species. Post-fire NPP in forests that were dominated by fire-susceptible species were not as sensitive to FRP or FRE, indicating that NPP in these forests may be reduced to similar levels regardless of fire intensity. Conversely, post-fire NPP in forests dominated by fire resistant and mixed species decreased with increasing FRP or FRE. In some cases, this dose-response relationship persisted for more than a decade post-fire, highlighting a legacy effect of fire intensity on post-fire C dynamics in these forests.
Imaging groundwater infiltration dynamics in karst vadose zone with long-term ERT monitoring
Authors: Watlet Arnaud , Kaufmann Olivier , Triantafyllou Antoine , Poulain Amaël , Chambers Jonathan E. , Meldrum Philip I. , Wilkinson Paul B. , Hallet Vincent , Quinif Yves , Van Ruymbeke Michel , Van Camp Michel
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Water infiltration and recharge processes in karst systems are complex and difficult to measure with conventional hydrological methods. Especially, temporarily saturated groundwater reservoirs hosted in the vadose zone can play a buffering role in water infiltration. This results from the pronounced porosity and permeability contrasts created by local karstification processes of carbonated rocks. Analyses of time-lapse 2-D geoelectrical imaging over a period of three years at the Rochefort Cave Laboratory (RCL) site in South Belgium highlight variable hydrodynamics in a karst vadose zone. These data were compared to conventional hydrological measurements (drip discharge monitoring, soil moisture and water conductivity data sets) and a detailed structural analysis of the local geological structures providing a thorough understanding of the groundwater infiltration. Seasonal changes affect all the imaged areas leading to increases in resistivity in spring/summer attributed to enhanced evapotranspiration, whereas winter is characterised by a general decrease in resistivity associated with a groundwater recharge of the vadose zone. Three types of hydrological dynamics, corresponding to areas with distinct lithological and structural features, could be identified via changes in resistivity: (i) upper conductive layers, associated with clay-rich soil and epikarst, showing the highest variability related to weather conditions; (ii) deeper and more resistive limestone areas, characterised by variable degrees of porosity and clay contents, hence showing more diffuse seasonal variations; (iii) a conductive fractured zone associated with damped seasonal dynamics, while showing a great variability similar to that of the upper layers in response to rainfall events. This study provides detailed images of the sources of drip discharge spots traditionally monitored in caves and aims to support modelling approaches of karst hydrological processes.