bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIMENSIONLESS PHYSICAL-MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF TURBULENT NATURAL CONVECTION
Authors: Verdério Júnior S. A. , Scalon V. L. , Oliveira S. R. , Mioralli P. C. , Avallone E.
Published: October 2021

Natural convection heat transfer is present in the most diverse applications of Thermal Engineering, such as in electronic equipment, transmission lines, cooling coils, biological systems, etc. The correct physical-mathematical modeling of this phenomenon is crucial in the applied understanding of its fundamentals and the design of thermal systems and related technologies. Dimensionless analyses can be applied in the study of flows to reduce geometric and experimental dependence and facilitate the modeling process and understanding of the main influence physical parameters; besides being used in creating models and prototypes. This work presents a methodology for dimensionless physical-mathematical modeling of natural convection turbulent flows over isothermal plates, located in an “infinite” open environment. A consolidated dimensionless physical-mathematical model was defined for the studied problem situation. The physical influence of the dimensionless numbers of Grashof, Prandtl, and Turbulent Prandtl was demonstrated. The use of the Theory of Dimensional Analysis and Similarity and its application as a tool and numerical device in the process of building and simplifying CFD simulations were discussed.
The relationship between instructional materials usage in teaching and learning outcome in history subject within secondary schools in Rwanda
Authors:   Mount Kenya University, Didace Nsengumuremyi , Opiyo Andala Dr. Hesbon ,   Mount Kenya University
Published: October 2021

The effective usage of instructional materials plays a significant role in promotion of teaching and learning outcomes. The usage of relevant material stimulates students to become more attentive and motivated in classroom setting. The purpose of this study was therefore to find out the relationship between instructional materials and learning outcomes. The study employed correlation research design. The target population was 621 respondents out of which 244 were used as the sample size. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used in the study to obtain the sample size. Questionnaire, interview guide and desk review was used data collection instruments. SPSS was used in data management. The findings revealed that visual aids are used at moderate level at which 49.9% strongly agreed that instructional materials used are pre-determined 47.2% strongly agreed that teaching methods are well prescribed in the lesson planning. The study indicated that a big number of students got the grades lying in division IV and Division U (Unclassified). The study found that 81% of the respondents agreed that students participated in history lesson and 70.0% agreed that students understood history. Results also revealed that holding instructional material usage constant to a constant zero, attendance from Monday to Friday would be at .116 for lesson plan. An increase in instructional material usage stimulates adequate ratio by a factor of 0.11 standardized significance at learning process. The study recommended that the government should allocate sufficient budget that would be given to ameliorate libraries in secondary schools and laboratories. The government should find resource centers to facilitate teaching staff borrow instructional materials which cannot not available in secondary schools. Further, the government should conduct workshops, conferences and meeting to stimulate their skills on using instructional materials. School principals should follow up their teaching staff to be sure with the availability of instructional materials are effectively applied. The community should encourage parental involvement in providing instructional material usage in secondary schools in order to enhance learning outcomes. Keywords: Instructional materials, Teaching and learning outcomes and usage of instructional materials.
6356 SAYILI KANUN KAPSAMINDAKİ KURULUŞLARDA DİSİPLİN UYGULAMALARI
Authors: ORHAN Ümit
Published: October 2021

Disiplin, bir topluluğun, yasalarına ve düzenle ilgili yazılı veya yazısız kurallarına titizlik ve özenle uyması durumudur. Disiplin, herhangi bir organizasyonda olduğu gibi sendikal kuruluşların da amaçlarına ulaşabilmesi için gereklidir. Kuruluş, sendika ve konfederasyonları ifade eder. Disiplin kurulu, Sendikalar ve Toplu İş Sözleşmesi Kanununda kuruluşların zorunlu organları arasında sayılmıştır. Kanunda genel kurul dışındaki organlar hakkında detaylı maddeler bulunmamakla beraber bu organlara dair ortak hükümlere ayrı bir madde başlığı altında yer verilmiştir. Dolayısıyla sendikalarda disiplin kurulunun görev ve yetkilerinin daha ziyade uygulama ve içtihatlarla geliştiği söylenebilir. Çalışmada öncelikle 6356 sayılı Kanuna göre sendikalardaki disiplin kurulları hakkında genel bilgi verilmiştir. Bu kısımda, disiplin kurullarının oluşumu, kurul üyeliği, kurulun görevleri, işleyişi ve kurul kararlarına karşı itiraz mekanizması değerlendirilmiştir. İkinci kısımdaysa sendika disiplin uygulamalarına yönelik bazı Yargıtay kararları incelenmiştir.
MORTALITY AND COVID-19: A SNAPSHOT OF A TERTIARY CARE FACILITY IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Rana MA , Qayyum A , Hashmi M , Saif MMU , Munir MF , Pervaiz R , Iqbal S , Hafeez MM
Published: October 2021

Background: Since SARS CoV-2 infection began in China and has evolved into a pandemic, mortality associated with this illness has been under discussion and hypercoagubility, severe acute respiratory syndrome and septicemia with multiple organ insufficiency have been cursed as potential causes of death in cases infected with the novel coronavirus. We did a retrospective analysis of cases admitted to our highly dependent and intensive care unit, and we tried to identify the leading cause of death in our cases. Methods: This is a single center retrospective study carried out at Bahria International Hospital Lahore over a 3-month period (May 10th to July 10th 2020) in which we analyzed the clinical and biochemical profiles of the COVID-19 patients who died during this period. Results: A total of 108 patients were admitted during this period out of which 11 patients died. 7 of them were men and 4 women. Majority of them had sudden cardiac arrest due to acute coronary syndrome followed by multiorgan dysfunction syndrome and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusion: Acute coronary syndrome due to hypercoagubility was the leading cause of death in our patients.
INNOVATION OF AUDIO-VISUAL TRIAGE SYSTEM TO COMBAT THE SPREAD OF COVID-19 INFECTION AND ITS EFFICACY: A NOVEL STRATEGY
Authors: Hafeez MM , Azhar M , Chudhary HRZ , Nazar W , Rana MA
Published: October 2021

During the novel coronavirus pandemic, also known as SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 pandemic, frontline healthcare professionals suffered psychological as well as pathological trauma due to the lack of preparation to cope with this unforeseen situation. The protocols to prevent the spread of this disease proved to be less effective than anticipated. In these circumstances, improvement of the existing triage system was felt and an AUDIO-VISUAL TRIAGE (AVT) system was introduced to enhance confidence as well as increase the safety of frontline healthcare professionals. The current analysis was performed from March 21, 2020, to April 28, 2020, until the completion of sixty response forms, at Bahria Town International Hospital, Lahore. Thirty participants (Group A) deployed on visual triage and other thirty (Group B) on AVT for screening suspected cases of COVID-19 infection. Anxiety levels were measured by using the GAD-7 scoring system and the participants of both groups were periodically tested for COVID-19 infection by PCR. Independent t-test was used to evaluate the significance of different variables at a confidence level of 95%. The result of the current study revealed the effectiveness of AVT for the screening of COVID-19 patients. There was a statistically significant increase in anxiety levels and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection rate in group A as compared to group B. Almost all participants in group A wanted to shift their place of work or ready to quit the job if they were forced to perform their duties at the same visual triage. AVT system for COVID-19 screening found to be more safe and less stressful than visual triage. It is not only a simple and effective way to prevent the spread of diseases but also boosted the confidence of frontline healthcare professionals to fight against coronavirus spread.
The Role of Polyphenols in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Narrative Review
Authors: Alattiya Reem Halim , Tarish Farah Khalid , Hashim Lina Loai , Hussain Saad Abdulrahman
Published: October 2021

Many epidemiological studies have suggested that consuming a diet rich in polyphenols can help prevent Alzheimer's disease (AD). Based on well-known in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral Aβ amyloidosis, we examined the data on the effects of various natural polyphenols on the aggregation of amyloid-protein (Aβ). These polyphenols effectively prevent oligomerization and fibril formation of Aβ through differential binding patterns, lowering Aβ oligomer-induced synaptic and neuronal toxicity, according to in vitro investigations. Furthermore, in a transgenic mouse model fed orally with such polyphenolic compounds, soluble Aβ oligomers as well as insoluble Aβ deposits in the brain were significantly reduced. Natural polyphenols exhibit anti-amyloidogenic effects on Aβ, in addition to well-known anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities, according to an updated assessment of the literature, implying their potential as therapeutic and/or preventive agents for AD treatment. To prove polyphenols' efficacy as disease-modifying agents, well-designed clinical trials or preventive treatments using various polyphenols are required.
Rekonstruksi Makna Semboyan Ki Hajar Dewantara dalam Praktik Pendidikan Islam
Authors: PS Alaika M Bagus Kurnia , Fawaid Imam , Zulaicho Dewi , Al Hamidy Ilmi Zahrotin Faidzullah
Published: October 2021

The dichotomy of Islamic education in general seems to be a significant difference and does not find common ground. So the purpose of this research is to bring together the education built globally by Ki Hadjar Dewantara with the integration of educational practices in Indonesia. The method of this research is to use hermeneutic research, that is to interpret the meaning of the motto initiated by Ki Hadjar Dewantara, namely Ing Ngarso Sung Tulodo, Ing Madyo Mangun karso, Tut Wuri Handayani. While the results of this study are, the practice of implementing Islamic education in terms of the object of the actor such as teachers, students and other elements (ie alumni, boarding school administrators or senior students) is the direction and form of interpretation of the motto he initiated. The idea – which is also the slogan of the Ministry of Education – is an infrastructure that cannot be separated and is an educational building that is mutually sustainable. So that the construction of learning patterns, mindsets and habitual patterns of students or students needs to be inspired and applied in such a way as to continue to show a typical Indonesian education that prioritizes adab and knowledge.
English Education in Rural Secondary Schools in Southwest China: Problems and Countermeasures under the Rural Vitalization Strategy
Authors: Liu Yuqiao , Wang Hongyuan
Published: October 2021

The Chinese government has proposed the rural vitalization strategy in its poverty reduction, aiming at narrowing the discrepancies in economic levels between urban and rural areas. Under this development blueprint, poverty alleviation through education, one of the imperative approaches mentioned in this overarching strategy, has attracted attention from all sectors of Chinese society. In Southwest China, however, the urban-rural gap in compulsory education is still concerning, especially in English teaching and learning. This has lowered the overall quality of English education in these areas, whereas only a few studies have looked into this issue. Therefore, under the guidance of the rural vitalization strategy, the present study intends to offer a response by calling for more attention on the problems in rural English teaching in various aspects. Furthermore, this study explores the corresponding strategies adopted to solve these problems and discusses their effectiveness of English teaching. It is hoped that the study can develop a theoretical framework about the current issues of English teaching in rural areas under the rural vitalization and can provide practical suggestions for policymakers and educational practitioners.
Impact of Silica on Geotechnical Properties of Clayey Soil Present in Edfu- Aswan, Egypt
Authors:   Faculty of Eng., Assiut University, Egypt, Ghanem Ashraf
Published: October 2021

It may be necessary to improve the engineering properties of clayey soils to make them suitable for construction by using some kind of stabilization methods. Treatment with lime, cement or waste materials such as silica fume (SF) has traditionally been used for the stabilization of clayey soils. The soil chosen in this research was extracted from a site in Edfu- Aswan, Egypt. Investigating the effect of properties of cohesive soils when mixed with SF is the main objective of this study. Silica fume is a mineral made up of ultra-fine solid, amorphous silicon dioxide glass spheres (SiO2) from the metallurgical industries company (E.JS.C) in Edfu. A series of laboratory experiments for samples prepared with different percentages were implemented of SF 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%,8%, and 10%. The results show that the blend will increase the maximum dry density of clayey soils. Their Plasticity Index and the liquid limit would increase, the permeability of clayey soil decreases, the unconfined compression strength will increase. All of these results can be summarized to say that the engineering properties of cohesive soils can be improved by combining Silica Fume and clayey soils together.
The Analysis and Evaluation of profitability in Accepted Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange with ROA and ROE Approaches in Industrial Companies
Authors:   Department of Industrial Management, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran, Taleghani Mohammad , Taleghani Ataollah
Published: October 2021

Return on Equity (ROE) is one of the most important factors influencing the investor's decisions. By analysing the financial statements, the financial analysers are always trying to evaluate or identify the future profitability changes of the companies. In this study, the relation between ROE of industries entered into Tehran Stock Exchange was investigated. Herein the significant role of industry is expressed through operating and financial drives. The study data is taken from a sample consisting of 4 industries including 70 companies entered into Tehran stock Exchange during a 7- year time duration (from March 21st, 2012 to March 20th, 2019). Results indicate that there is a significant relation between ROE and its elements as per the industry and future profitability.
On Pre-Stressed Hull Structures
Authors:   Doctor of Technical Sciences, Candidate of Technicalo Sciences, Senior Science Fellow, Russia, Dubrovsky Victor A.
Published: October 2021

“Wave-piercing” super-planing trimaran with air-born unloading, WPT, is developing of “wave-piercing” catamaran, WPC, for twice bigger achievable speeds. As all fast vessels, WPT needs for minimal weight of hull structures. Using of pre-stressed structures is a novel method of hull weight decreasing. An example of such structure of WPT begins from external load estimation. And the scheme of pre-stressed structure is selected: two pairs of steel ropes along and across the WPT above-water structure. Than method of pre-strength is selected: constant or varied forces. Varied external loads define the need of varied pre-stress control. Estimation of the corresponded system weight: total structure of above-water platform can be decreased at about 20%. The method can be applied for airplane wings too.
¿Hacia una ciudad dual? suburbanización y centralización en las principales ciudades españolas
Authors: Torrado José Manuel , Duque-Calvache Ricardo
Published: October 2021

Las principales metrópolis están siendo transformadas por diferentes procesos migratorios, económicos y también, de manera relevante, por la movilidad residencial. Este trabajo se centra en esta última, analizando los perfiles de los participantes en los movimientos de centralización y suburbanización en Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Sevilla y Bilbao, a partir de los datos del censo de 2011. Utilizando modelos de regresión logística binomial, se ha constatado la mayor tendencia a buscar los centros urbanos de las clases medias, con estudios y en hogares no convencionales, frente a una creciente suburbanización de jóvenes, de clase trabajadora y embarcados en proyectos familiares. La combinación de ambos movimientos (que tratados individualmente podrían considerarse avances en la convivencia social) ocasiona un incremento de la segregación urbana, pero ahora a escala metropolitana.
Miocene Palynology of the Solimões Formation (Well 1-AS-105-AM), Western Brazilian Amazonia
Authors: D'Apolito Carlos , Jaramillo Carlos , Herrington Guy
Published: October 2021

During the Miocene, Andean tectonism caused the development of a vast wetland across western Amazonia. Palynological studies have been the main source of chronological and paleobotanical information for this region, including several boreholes in the Solimões Formation in western Brazilian Amazonia. Here, a palynological study of well core 1-AS-105-AM drilled in Tabatinga (Amazonas, Brazil) is presented: 91 new taxa are erected (25 spores and 66 pollen, including one new genus), 16 new combinations are proposed, and a list of botanical/ecological affinities is updated. We recorded 23,880 palynomorphs distributed in 401 different types. Among pollen and spores, 62 extant families and 99 extant genera were identified, which accounts for 39% and 30% of known botanical affinities to the family and genus level, respectively. Individual samples have pollen/spore counts with approximately 25% to 95% of known affinities to the family level. Pollen associations are sourced primarily from the wetland environments and to a minor extent from nonflooded forests. Palynological diversity analyses indicate an increase from the early to the middle/early late Miocene in core 1-AS-105-AM. Probable scenarios to explain this diversity increase include a higher degree of environmental complexity from the middle Miocene onwards, that is, a more heterogeneous riverscape, including broader extensions of nonflooded forests, as opposed to the swamp-dominated early Miocene. Additionally, the positive effects of the Miocene Climatic Optimum on plant richness could explain the increase in pollen richness. We posit hypotheses of forest diversification that can be tested as more botanical affinities are established along with a longer Miocene record.
Estado da questão: formação, identidade docente e a transformação pedagógica dos conteúdos de ensino em contexto com as relações étnico-raciais
Authors: Moura Francisco Joel Nascimento de , Castro Francisco Mirtiel Frankson Moura
Published: October 2021

No presente artigo objetivamos identificar o Estado da Questão (EQ) sobre formação, identidade profissional docente e a transformação pedagógica dos conteúdos de ensino em contextualização com as relações étnico-raciais. Partindo do entendimento de Imbernón (2011) e Nóvoa (1992) sobre formação de professores, de Pimenta (2012) sobre identidade profissional docente e Therrien (2014) sobre transformação pedagógica dos conteúdos de ensino, este texto surge a partir do estudo para a construção de um texto de dissertação através de um levantamento bibliográfico na plataforma SciELO considerando os anos de 2003 a 2020 e deve levar a um aprofundamento científico e investigativo sobre as temáticas abordadas de forma contextualizada com as relações étnico-raciais.
Representatividade institucional frente a (des)construção de identidade e subjetividade no século XXI: a “tão sonhada” inclusão
Authors: Resende Thyara Fiorillo , Saço Lívia Fabiana , Ferreira Eliana Lucia
Published: October 2021

A proposta de discussão aqui apresentada discorre sobre a representatividade institucional frente a (des) construção de identidade e de subjetividade no século XXI e sua visibilidade no discurso da inclusão. Para essa análise, constituída por uma pesquisa qualitativa, utilizou-se procedimentos de “análise do discurso” na perspectiva francesa, como referencial metodológico, e na materialidade discursiva diante aos “autores do conhecimento”, aqui representados por professores, diretores e coordenadores de uma escola estadual de Minas Gerais, que expuseram seus discursos sobre suas representatividades e inserção na educação. O discurso da inclusão educacional, como um direito constitucional garantido pela Constituição Brasileira de 1988, perpassa por grandes desafios, o que se relaciona à sua efetivação prática em um contexto de garantias de direitos. Dessa forma, sua reanálise ativa merece destaque no que condiz com a luta pela representatividade e pela heterogeneidade institucional e com a efetivação das políticas constitucionais para os alunos com deficiência.
Política linguística exterior brasileira e política linguística francesa em contato: o caso do português como língua de herança (PLH) no dispositivo Intervenant en Langue Maternelle na Guiana Francesa
Authors: Silva Karen Kennia Couto
Published: October 2021

O ensino do português como língua de herança (PLH) tem recebido, nos últimos anos, muita atenção dos pesquisadores. No âmbito político-institucional, o ensino do português para falantes de outras línguas também tem tido especial atenção dos tomadores de decisão no âmbito da política linguística, preocupados não somente como o desenvolvimento escolar do aluno, mas também focados no aspecto formativo integral desse aluno. Dentro desse contexto, podemos dizer que é nas regiões fronteiriças que essas dinâmicas se mostram presentes e ainda mais intensas, sendo comum que a população dessas regiões seja notadamente multilíngue e plurilíngue. Esse é o caso, em especial, da fronteira norte do Brasil, no estado do Amapá, com a Guiana Francesa, onde se registra o contato entre o português e o francês. Desse modo, o objetivo deste estudo é apresentar o dispositivo de política linguística Intervenant en Langue Maternelle (ILM), como uma possibilidade de ensino de PLH integrada ao sistema de ensino francês em favor de alunos que têm o português como língua materna (L1) ou língua de herança (LH). Após apresentarmos o dispositivo, iremos discutir como a Proposta curricular para o ensino de português como língua de herança (BRASIL, 2020b), do Ministério das Relações Exteriores, pode servir como um documento de referência para subsidiar o trabalho dos professores nas classes de ILM. Por fim, teceremos considerações acerca do exposto no artigo, buscando sugerir pontos de observação e melhoria para o ensino-aprendizagem de PLH na Guiana Francesa com base nas propostas curriculares.
Entrevista com a Professora Micaela Ramon
Authors: Furtoso Viviane Bagio , Barros Ev Angela Batista Rodrigues de
Published: October 2021

Entrevista com Maria Micaela Dias Pereira Ramon Moreira,  professora auxiliar do Departamento de Estudos Portugueses e Lusófonos do Instituto de Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade do Minho, onde leciona Literatura Portuguesa da época clássica e Português como Língua Estrangeira, em cursos de graduação, pós-graduação e extensão.
O mundo em uma sala — quando o português chama
Authors: Da Ros Pietra , Volmer Lovani , Martins Rosemari Lorenz
Published: October 2021

Este estudo embasa-se na concepção de língua enquanto prática social e considera-a fator determinante para a inserção social e sinônimo de identidade. Nesse sentido, pretende discutir, com base em atividades realizadas com migrantes e refugiados em um projeto de extensão universitária - “O Mundo em XX: refugiados e migrantes – uma questão de Direitos Humanos” -, a importância da língua como acolhimento e construção de identidade.  Para tanto, contextualiza-se o Projeto e seus atores, assim como o ambiente multicultural e multilíngue em que são desenvolvidas as oficinas, em especial as de Língua Portuguesa, em uma perspectiva dialógica, com foco na comunicação como facilitadora para a realização das demais atividades e como premissa para a constituição identitária.
Três Datasets criados a partir de um banco de Canções Populares Brasileiras de Sucesso e Não-Sucesso de 2014 a 2019
Authors: Bertoni André Augusto , Lemos Rodrigo Pinto
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho trata da criação e otimização de um grande conjunto de características extraídas de um banco de 881 canções populares brasileiras de Sucesso e Não-Sucesso, entre janeiro de 2014 a maio de 2019. A partir desse banco de canções, criou-se três DataSets de características (features) distintas, sendo que o primeiro contém 3215 características estatísticas; o segundo e o terceiro são totalmente inéditos, pois foram formados a partir da Melodia Vocal das canções (Melodia Predominante da Voz), não havendo banco semelhante disponível para pesquisa. O segundo banco representa um gráfico de espectrograma, formado a partir dos 90 segundos iniciais de cada canção. O terceiro banco é o mais peculiar de todos, pois representa uma análise semântica musical do segundo banco, onde a finalidade principal foi construir uma tabela composta pelas sequências melódicas mais frequentes de cada canção. Nossos Datasets usam apenas canções brasileiras e concentram seus dados em um período limitado e contemporâneo. A ideia da criação desses conjuntos de dados é estimular o estudo de técnicas de Aprendizado de Máquina que requeiram informações musicais. Os recursos extraídos podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas nas áreas da música e computação no futuro.
MUHSIC: An Open Dataset with Temporal Musical Success Information
Authors: Oliveira Gabriel P. , Barbosa Gabriel R. G. , Melo Bruna C. , Silva Mariana O. , Seufitelli Danilo B. , Moro Mirella M.
Published: October 2021

Music is an alive industry with an increasing volume of complex data that creates new challenges and opportunities for extracting knowledge, benefiting not only the different music segments but also the Music Information Retrieval (MIR) community. In this paper, we present MUHSIC, a novel dataset with enhanced information on musical success. We focus on artists and genres by combining chart-related data with acoustic metadata to describe the temporal evolution of musical careers. The enriched and curated data allow building success-based time series to investigate high-impact periods (hot streaks) in such careers, transforming complex data into knowledge. Overall, MUHSIC is a relevant tool in music-related tasks due to its easy use and replicability.
FeatSet: A Compilation of Visual Features Extracted from Public Image Datasets
Authors: Cazzolato Mirela T. , Scabora Lucas C. , Zabot Guilherme F. , Gutierrez Marco A. , Traina Jr. Caetano , Traina Agma J. M.
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we present FeatSet, a compilation of visual features extracted from open image datasets reported in the literature. FeatSet has a collection of 11 visual features, consisting of color, texture, and shape representations of the images acquired from 13 datasets. We organized the available features in a standard collection, including the available metadata and labels, when available. We also provide a description of the domain of each dataset included in our collection, with visual analysis using Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) and Principal Components Analysis (PCA) methods. FeatSet is recommended for supervised and non-supervised learning, also widely supporting Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) applications and complex data indexing using Metric Access Methods (MAMs).
Diarium Saúde: um aplicativo para o enfrentamento da covid-19
Authors: Araujo Estrela Gabriela de , Moreira Josué Araújo , Nascimento Mellory Mayrtha Lobo , Bandeira Vinícius Brito , Silva Antonio Marcos Cardoso , Quinto Wanderson Alexandre da Silva
Published: October 2021

A popularização das TIC's vem fortalecendo as estratégias de apoio a saúde, fazendo com que o desenvolvimento de aplicativos relacionados à saúde evoluísse rapidamente, possibilitando novas potencialidades para este setor. Este trabalho trata-se de uma pesquisa de produção tecnológica com metodologia qualitativa para o desenvolvimento e avaliação do aplicativo ocorrida no período de 2 meses (entre março e maio de 2020). Os resultados mostraram uma aceitação razoável pelos usuários, sendo que o destaque maior foi para a função compartilhar relatório, pois o paciente que precisa de atendimento pode com simples ações enviá-los para a equipe de saúde.
Detecção do Câncer de Mama em Imagens Infravermelhas Utilizando Características Radiômicas
Authors: Carvalho Elisson C. , Coelho Alessandra M. , Baffa Matheus F. O.
Published: October 2021

O câncer de mama é o segundo tipo mais frequente de câncer no mundo. Quando diagnosticado precocemente, o paciente pode apresentar um melhor prognóstico e aumentar suas chances de cura. Neste trabalho é proposto o desenvolvimento de um método de classificação de imagens infravermelhas para o auxílio no diagnóstico do câncer de mama. Para isso, utilizou-se características baseadas em radiômicas para representar o conteúdo da imagem em conjunto com uma Rede Neural Profunda para detecção de padrões e construção do modelo de classificação. Avaliado seguindo o procolo de Validação Cruzada, o método proposto atingiu uma taxa de acerto de 97,27% e uma sensibilidade de 96,33%. Novas modalidades de imagens médicas têm se mostrado eficazes na detecção precoce do câncer de mama.
Tipificação de Tumores Cerebrais Utilizando Características Radiômicas e Redes Neurais Profundas
Authors: Souza Davidson L. , Coelho Alessandra M. , Baffa Matheus F. O.
Published: October 2021

Os tumores do Sistema Nervoso Central consistem no desenvolvimento de células cancerígenas em alguma das estruturas nervosas, como o cérebro e a medula espinhal. Embora não haja exames rotineiros de detecção precoce, a detecção do tumor nas fases iniciais da doença em imagens de Ressonância Magnética pode proporcionar uma melhor expectativa de cura ao paciente. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é o desenvolvimento de um método computacional para classificação do tumor cerebral em múltiplas modalidades de Ressonância Magnética. Utilizando Redes Neurais Profundas e extração de características radiômicas, o presente trabalho obteve uma taxa de acerto de 90,29% em determinar os tipos de tumor presentes nos exames.
Detecção dos Estágios Iniciais da Retinopatia Diabética Utilizando Redes Neurais Profundas
Authors: Martins João Victor G. , Coelho Alessandra M. , Baffa Matheus F. O.
Published: October 2021

A Retinopatia Diabética é uma das principais complicações relacionadas a Diabetes Mellitus. Ocorre quando o excesso de glicose no sangue danifica os vasos sanguíneos da retina. O diagnóstico da doença é feito por meio de imagens do fundo do olho, coletadas por meio da detecção de sinais anormais, tanto nas estruturas vasculares quanto na retina. A detecção em estágios iniciais promove melhor prognóstico, além de prevenir a cegueira do paciente. Assim, este artigo aborda uma metodologia de Visão Computacional para detectar os estágios iniciais da Retinopatia Diabética. O método proposto, utilizando Redes Neurais Profundas e extração de características radiômicas, obteve uma acurácia média de 91,06% nos experimentos.
Um Modelo de Inteligência Artificial Para Detecção de Melanoma via Redes Neurais Convolucionais
Authors: Pessanha Gabriel R. G. , Campos Eleanderson
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo é proposto um modelo de inteligência artificial (IA) baseado em redes neurais convolucionais (RNC) para classificação de melanomas e nevos displásicos em imagens dermatoscópicas. Com um alto risco de provocar metástase, o melanoma figura como o mais grave tipo de neoplasia cutânea. No entanto, sua detecção precoce eleva consideravelmente a probabilidade de um prognóstico favorável, sendo essa a premissa que motiva este estudo. Com um desempenho satisfatório em termos de sensibilidade (0,81 ± 0.02) e especificidade (0,96 ± 0.03), concluímos que o modelo de RNC proposto pode ser uma ferramenta valiosa no apoio ao diagnóstico clínico de melanoma.
Gráficos de Recorrência para Classificação de Sinais de EEG Usando Aprendizado Profundo
Authors: Paula Patrick O. de , Giuliani Henrique L. V. , Fantinato Denis G.
Published: October 2021

O desenvolvimento de Interfaces Cérebro-Computador (BCI) exige a capacidade de processamento e classificação de sinais neuronais, gerados por certos estímulos sensoriais, de uma grande variedade de usuários. Com este objetivo, o presente trabalho busca a aplicação de Redes Neurais Convolucionais, reconhecidas pelo seu alto desempenho em problemas de classificação, para o processamento de sinais de eletroencefalografia (EEG). Os sinais de EEG foram primeiramente pré-processados pela técnica de Análise de Correlações Canônicas e convertidos em imagens através de Gráficos de Recorrência. Os resultados corroboram o uso desta abordagem em sistemas de BCI, atingindo uma taxa de acerto de 96% para sinais de 128 pontos (0,5 s).
Ensemble Learning in BCI-SSVEP Systems for Short Window Lengths
Authors: Giuliani Henrique L. V. , Paula Patrick O. de , Soriano Diogo C. , Suyama Ricardo , Fantinato Denis G.
Published: October 2021

Different approaches have been investigated to implement effective Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI), translating brain activation patterns into commands to external devices. BCI exploring Steady-State Visually Evoked Potentials usually achieve relatively high accuracy, when considering 2-3 second sample windows, but the performance degrades for smaller windows. So, we investigate the use of an ensemble method, the Adaboost algorithm, combining two different structures, the Logistic Regressor and the Multilayer Perceptron, whose diversity shall bring relevant information for more accurate classification. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method can improve performance for smaller windows, being a promising alternative to reduce model variance.
Uso de Redes Generativas Adversariais Aplicadas a Classificação de Sinais de EEG baseado em Imagética Motora
Authors: Santos Lucas H. dos , Giuliani Henrique V. , Paula Patrick O. de , Fantinato Denis G.
Published: October 2021

Em sistemas de Interface Cérebro-Computador (BCI, do inglês BrainComputer Interfaces) baseados em imagética motora, a classificação de sinais de eletroencefalografia (EEG) é uma tarefa bastante desafiadora, geralmente exigindo períodos exaustivos de calibração. Neste trabalho buscou-se reduzir a necessidade de muitas amostras coletadas para o treinamento do classificador através das redes adversárias generativas (GANs, do inglês Generative Adversarial Networks). Além disso, o classificador desenvolvido faz o processamento conjunto dos dados dos usuários, visando um sistema BCI mais genérico. Os resultados obtidos com a proposta foram bastante promissores.
Estudo do Índice Biometeorológico Humidex e de sua Correlação com Óbitos em Campinas
Authors: Abreu João Luís C. De , Costa Paula D. P. , Avila Ana Maria H. de , Faria Eliana C. de
Published: October 2021

Na busca por estratégias de adaptação e pelo desenvolvimento de sistemas de alerta, o presente trabalho conduziu uma análise regional sobre o impacto de eventos extremos apontados pelo índice biometeorológico Humidex, no número de óbitos por doenças cardiovasculares na cidade de Campinas. Para isso, conduziu-se uma análise comparativa de distribuições no número de mortes diárias da cidade, sob evento extremo versus dias-controle (teste U de Mann-Whitney). Apesar da literatura apontar correlação entre valores elevados de Humidex e o aumento de mortes, a análise estatística conduzida não mostrou impacto significativo do Humidex no número de óbitos diários.
Hemodata: um aplicativo para gerenciamento em bancos de sangue
Authors: Carvalho Ebenézer Holz Nogueira de , Silva Waldeyr Mendes Cordeiro da
Published: October 2021

Hemocentros são locais especializados que dedicam-se à coleta, ao processamento, e à preparação do sangue, cuja finalidade é prestar assistência e apoio hemoterápico e hematológico aos serviços de saúde. Frequentemente nos hemocentros, notadamente naqueles localizados em pequenos municípios, o gerenciamento das bolsas de sangue ocorre de forma manual, por meio de cadernos, tornando a tarefa de gerenciamento de bolsas de sangue vulnerável a falhas. O objetivo do aplicativo móvel Hemodata, é portanto, gerenciar bolsas de sangue em hemocentros de forma aderente à legislação vigente, auxiliando nas tarefas administrativas dos agentes de saúde. Explorando as vantagens de um aplicativo móvel, o Hemodata permite manter o registro de bolsas de sangue, identificadas por meio de códigos de barras com histórico atualizado em todo o seu ciclo de vida.
Understanding New Ideas in Cryptoglandular Fistula-in-Ano
Authors: K.T. Voon Kenneth
Published: October 2021

Outcomes of surgical treatment for anorectal abscesses and chronic fistulas varies widely, as there is lack of unified classification and systematic surgical approach to address a wide range of disease pattern. Acute anorectal abscess and chronic fistula-in-ano should be considered the same disease at both end of a spectrum. This article describes in detail the pathogenesis and relevant anorectal anatomy to aid understanding of a new concept of classifying anorectal abscess and fistula based on natural patterns. A better understanding of patterns allows more accurate surgical treatment. Recent evidence shows that definitive surgical treatment for anal fistula during acute abscess stage is safe and feasible. An optimum surgical treatment should focus on eradication of intersphincteric infection, removal of secondary branches or abscesses, allow healing by secondary intention and preserve continence as best as possible. Common challenges faced by clinicians include confusion in classification, inaccurate delineation of fistula, challenging acute abscesses, unable to locate internal opening and facing complex features such as high fistula or multiple branches. Suggested solutions are discussed and a structured treatment strategy according to types and patterns is proposed. Surgical treatment should follow the principles above and combination of surgical techniques is beneficial compared to individual modality.
The Effect of Neonicotinoid Insecticides on the Structure and Stability of Bio-Macromolecules
Authors: Verebová Valéria , Staničová Jana
Published: October 2021

Insecticides are among the most widely used pesticides in the world. They are preparations of chemical and biological origin used to control insects, which means its killing or preventing its destructive activity. Majority are used in forestry, agriculture, and households. Neonicotinoids represent the class of insecticides that is most frequently used in the world and replaced by more dangerous pyrethroids, organophosphates, and carbamates. In recent years, the focus has been mainly on the ecological and environmental risks caused by the use of neonicotinoids. These insecticides pose a very high risk to bees and also to soil and aquatic organisms. It is therefore highly topical to address the impact of neonicotinoids on biological systems on individual bio-macromolecules (DNA and serum albumins). Monitoring the impact of neonicotinoids on the structure and stability of biological macromolecules may contribute to reducing the use of these insecticides, as well as to considering and adjusting the tolerances of insecticides and their residues in food.
Genetic Diversity in Staphylococcus aureus and Its Relation to Biofilm Production
Authors: Awan Furqan , Muddassir Ali Muhammad , Hassan Mushtaq Muhammad , Ijaz Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has been a substantial economic problem due to its antibiotic resistance, persistence inside host and recurrence of disease. It escapes from immunity because of its intra-cellular growth. Moreover, it forms biofilm on both living and in-animate surfaces that leads to recurrent infections and growth in food industry, respectively. Further, S. aureus undergoes the vertical and horizontal evolution that has genetically diversified the bacterial population. All the factors such as point mutations, plasmids, phages etc. have played their roles in diversifying this bacterium. Many bacterial physiological characteristics have been affected by genetic diversity. Biofilm forming ability is also considered as a variable characteristic of S. aureus that can help the bacteria to survive in different environments with different levels of biofilm production. In adapting the environment, S. aureus also forms different types of biofilm for its better survival. How genetic diversity is playing its role in this division of S. aureus is yet to be revealed. This chapter focuses on the factors related to genetic diversity and biofilm formation of S. aureus.
Evaluation of Frequency of PGC1-α and CKMM Genes Polymorphisms Among Iranian Elite Hockey Athletes
Authors: Valipour Maryam , Nazarali Parvaneh , Alizadeh Rostam
Published: October 2021

Background: Physical activity is a complex phenotype influenced by millions of genes and environmental factors. It is well known that physical performance and sports ability are linked to genes variations. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of PGC1-α and CKMM gene polymorphisms in elite hockey athletes. Methods: Fifty Iranian elite national hockey athletes and 100 non-athletes participated in this study. To determine the genotypes of PGC1-α and CKMM gene polymorphisms, 2 mL of saliva was sampled and used for DNA extraction. To determine the genotypes, the PCR-RFLP method was employed. After examining the variants, the allele and genotype frequencies of subjects were measured. Results: The results showed no significant differences for the PPARGC1A gene in the percentage of AA, GG, and AG genotypes. Similarly, the percentage of these genotypes of the CKMM gene did not differ significantly between athletes and non-athletes. Conclusions: The results suggest that the gene polymorphisms of PGC1-α and CKMM are the same between the Iranian elite hockey athletes and non-athletes, which may be due to the overlapping effect of other genes and/or the small sample size of the study.
Natureza e Moralidade. Igualdade Antropomórfica, Antropocêntrica, ou Ética?
Authors: Felipe Sônia T. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

La tradition hébraïque, la philosophie d’Aristote, l’impérialisme romain et le christianisme qui les synthétise, ont comme thèse, non seulement la distinction mais la supériorité de la nature humaine face aux autres espèces vivantes. La raison ou la capacité de raisonnement, la conscience et le langage sont des attributs exclusifs de l’espèce humaine, affirment les philosophes moralistes traditionnels. Tous ceux qui les possèdent sont égaux. Les autres êtres, destitués de ces attributs spécifiques, sont différents. Cette différence biologique responsable de cette distinction justifie tous les abus et même la destruction des animaux au profit exclusif des humains. Au XVII siècle la théorie mécaniciste de la nature des organismes vivants, appliquée par Descartes aux animaux, a corroboré l’héritage moral judéo-chrétien. Cet article présente d’abord la thèse de Descartes sur la quelle la philosophie morale traditionnelle se bâtit; en deuxième place vient la reconstitution des arguments conservateurs directe ou indirectement dérivés de cette tradition. Finalement il montre les risques et les limites de l’adoption de ces arguments en ce qui concerne la morale contemporaine, affectant non seulement les intérêts des animaux mais aussi ceux des sujets humains non paradigmatiques.
“Push Pin” ou Poesia ? O Problema da Distinção Qualitativa dos Valores no Utilitarismo
Authors: Antunes Teresa ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this paper is to present the classical problem of knowing if utilitarianism can admit a qualitatively distinction of pleasures or interests, introduced by John Stuart Mill, besides the quantitatively distinction supported by Jeremy Bentham. Moreover, it tries to clarify if the quantity theory of values is consistent with utilitarianism and, even so, if its acceptance does not prevent utilitarians from condemning elitism and speciesist prejudice, as many of them actually do. The claim, here, is that utilitarians can probably still hold that condemnation.
Mente Humana e Animal - As Perspectivas de Susanne Langer e António Damásio
Authors: Teles da Silva Manuel ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

In this article, Susanne Langer’s and Antonio Damasio’s theories are presented as candidates for the validation, both scientific and philosophical, of two different perspectives conceming the complexity of the animal mind. Despite their initial agreement about which kind of animais are incapable of producing mental activity (such as insects and other lower animals), they diverge when it cornes to the study of more developed animals, namely mammals. The present article sides with Damasio against Langer: Langer rejects the idea of ascribing to any animal complex human mental capacities (sense of individuality, extended memory and foresight, altruistic motivation, conceptualization and symbolic language); in turn, Damasio’s neurobiological theory (along with some etological data) gives us good reasons to attribute these same capacities to, at least, some species of mammals.
Tipos de Predicação em Aristóteles
Authors: Mesquita António Pedro ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

Predication is a complex entity in Aristotelian thought. The aim of the present essay is to account for this complexity, making explicit the diverse forms it assumes. To this end, we tum to a crucial chapter of the Posterior Analytics (1 22), where, in the most complete and developed manner within the corpus, Aristotle proceeds to systematize this topic. From the analysis, it will become apparent that predication can assume, generically, five forms: 1) the predication of essence (τὸ αύτᾢ εἶναι κατηγορεἲσθαι), that is of the genus and the specific difference; 2) essential predication (τὸ αύτᾢ εἶναι κατηγορεἲσθαι), that is either of the genus or of the differences (or their genera); 3) the predication of accidents per se 4) and of simple accidents (ώς συμβεβηκότα κατηγορεἲσθαι); and 5) accidental predication (κατἁ συμβεβηκός κατηγορεἲσθαι). However, only types 2-4 are forms of strict predication (άπλὢς). In effect, the “predication” of essence is not a genuine predication, but a formula for identity, constituting, technically, the statement of the essence of the subject (or its definition). On the other hand, accidental “predication” can only be conceived of as such equivocally, since it results from a linguistic accident through which the ontological subject of the attribution suffers a displacement to the syntactic position of the predicate, which is not, by nature, its own. In neither case does the phrase bring about any legitimate predication. The study concludes with a discussion of Aristotle’s thesis according to which no substance can be a predicate, which is implied by its notion of accidental predication, a thesis which has been - and in our opinion wrongly so - challenged in modem times.