bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some Biological Aspects of Spotted Barb Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes, 1842) in Tamblingan Lake
Authors: Putri Ni Made Sita Aditya , Pertami Nyoman Dati , Parawangsa I Nyoman Yoga
Published: June 2022

The biological aspects of the spotted barb, Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes, 1842) in Tamblingan Lake were not published yet. This study aims to determine the biological aspects of spotted barb in Tamblingan Lake. Fish samples were captured using gill nets with various mesh sizes at five fixed stations monthly from January to December 2019. A total of 357 individuals of the spotted barb was collected, with the total length of the specimens ranging from 3.9 to 15.6 cm, and total weight varied between 0.93 and 60.30 g. The length-weight relationship for males and females were expressed as W = 0.0375L2.83 and W = 0.0272L3.02, respectively. The growth pattern for males and females was allometric negative and isometric, subsequently. The male-female sex ratio was 1.10:1, and the condition factor for males and females were 0.75-1.42 and 0.40-1.49, respectively. We observed male fish with gonad maturity stage I to IV. In contrast, female fish have gonad maturity stage II to V. The highest gonadosomatic index of male and female fish was found in September, indicating a peak of the spawning time. Fecundity ranged from 57-23897 eggs, with an average of 5901 eggs.
Special and Inclusive Teachers’ Experience in The Distance Learning
Authors: B. Ensao Riza , S. Manhilot Lance Patrick , Paghacian Heaven , Plania Kimberly , Rago Kaye Allison , M. Viovicete Fiona
Published: June 2022

This study was designed to explore the lived experiences of special and inclusive teachers in distance learning and gained necessary perspective about their different experiences and challenges in the new normal education in distance learning. It utilized the use of phenomenological research design and simple random sampling on choosing the participants. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis method. The results indicated that the teachers felt inadequately prepared to teach atypical learners in distance learning because of some factors, examples are lack of resources of teachers and students. Almost all participants indicated that they discovered their own teaching strategies in handling atypical learners. In addition, the teachers make use of the available technology by utilizing different educational applications. Also, the majority of the teachers motivate their students to continue to learn in the new normal. Implications of these results are discussed.
Gestión de residuos sólidos en León, Guanajuato: indicios de economía circular y de los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Tagle Zamora Daniel , Carrillo González Graciela
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: definir el estado actual del manejo de residuos sólidos urbanos en León, Guanajuato. La unidad de análisis es el Sistema Integral de Aseo Público del municipio. Metodología: el estudio es de corte cualitativo. La información se obtuvo de entrevistas en profundidad a los actores de la gestión de residuos complementado con información pública y artículos especializados. Resultados: el modelo para el manejo de los residuos de León está creando condiciones para la valorización de éstos y el desarrollo de mercados en un sentido muy inicial de economía circular. Las cifras oficiales de la generación per cápita de residuos muestran una reducción de 38% en 2020 con respecto a 2009, dando cuenta de una aproximación hacia los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible. Valor: se analiza el manejo de residuos sólidos urbanos en un municipio bajo la perspectiva de economía circular. Limitaciones: el estudio no consideró a profundidad la aportación de los pepenadores. Conclusiones: el organismo operador da prioridad a mantener sus finanzas sanas antes que impulsar un proyecto consistente de economía circular que coadyuve mejor con los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible.
Siglo XX: muerte y resurrección de la Iglesia Católica en Chiapas. Dos estudios históricos
Authors: Ríos Figueroa Julio
Published: June 2022

Para comprender la historia más reciente de Chiapas no se puede prescindir de una institución, la Iglesia Católica; su papel como actor en el devenir social de este Estado del sureste mexicano representa un aporte que trasciende el carácter espiritual de su misión prístina. Los dos ensayos que componen este libro representan un avance en la comprensión de una institución en momentos claves de la vida chiapaneca. El primero refiere el furor anticlerical de los movimientos en torno a la creación del futuro partido oficial nacional y la política callista, y el segundo gira alrededor del papel del obispo Samuel Ruíz García y las transformaciones pastorales en la Diócesis a su cargo.
La vergüenza. Enfermedad y conflicto en una comunidad ch'ol
Authors:   UNACH, Imberton Deneke Gracia María
Published: June 2022

La vergüenza como enfermedad puede entenderse como un lenguaje que expresa, de manera bastante coherente, algunas de las tensiones sociales resultadas de los intercambios cotidianos entre los pobladores de la comunidad chol de Río Grande, Chiapas. Estas tensiones se producen en la competencia por recursos escasos entre individuos desigualmente ubicados en el espacio social. De acuerdo a la etiología local, la vergüenza es el resultado de encuentros ríspidos o de conflictos interpersonales de los pobladores, es como la somatización de estos antagonismos. Las situaciones de vergüenza se atribuyen a envidias y chismes, a robos, engaños, ofensas y al cumplimiento de compromisos. Sin embargo, en la obra se sugiere un plano de interpretación diferente al local: la vergüenza es un lenguaje con que se refieren algunas contradicciones sociales -y no sólo personales- que se dan cotidianamente entre los pobladores de Río Grande.
Género, interlegalidad y conflicto en San Pedro Chenalhó
Authors:   UNACH, Garza Caligaris Anna María
Published: June 2022

Con base en un conocimiento profundo de la antropología jurídica y los movimientos de género, la autora de este libro nos ofrece una propuesta para el estudio de la interrelación entre la cultura y la política, entre lo que sucede en la vida cotidiana de San Pedro Chenalhó, las demandas de grupos organizados y los acontecimientos nacionales. Este proceso organizativo ha reunido en la última década a mujeres que se ocupan de labores domésticas y asalariadas del campo y la ciudad, a pobres y no tan pobres, a quienes han construido su identidad en torno a experiencias de la fe, junto con aquellas que no se preocupan por lo religioso y también a personas que hablan lenguas distintas y requieren traductores para comunicarse, analfabetas y estudiosos que consideran a las diferencias entre leyes y costumbres y las percepciones que mujeres y hombres tienen sobre ellas más allá de una simple oposición.
Das prosodische Muster bei der Auserung von Unfassbarem im Deutschen
Authors:   Philosophische Fakultät, Universität Sarajevo, Marić Dario
Published: June 2022

Dieser Artikel stellt in erster Linie Ergebnisse der Erforschung von Äußerungen mit dem Merkmalbündel: gewellter Intonationsverlauf und relativ verlangsamtes Sprechtempo im gesprochenen Deutsch dar. Der Artikel problematisiert außerdem die gegenwärtigen Ent- wicklungen innerhalb der Prosodieforschung und bei der Vermittlung von Prosodie im Fremdsprachunterricht. Im Artikel wird ebenfalls ein Überblick über den bisherigen Teil der Prosodieforschung gegeben, die das Schema der Gegensätzlichkeit zur eigenen Erwar- tung bzw. die daran angrenzenden Schemata im gesprochenen Deutsch kontextualisiert. Die Untersuchung basiert auf der Analyse von 30 Äußerungen mit durchgängig gipfliger Intona- tionskontur und langsamem Sprechtempo und der Analyse zugehöriger sprachlicher Kons- truktionen sowie sprachlich und außersprachlich davor und danach Geäußertem, das auf die untersuchten Äußerungen in irgendeiner Weise Bezug nimmt oder mit ihnen Teile einer größeren konversationellen Struktur bildet. Die Untersuchung hat gezeigt, dass Äußerungen, die das erforschte Merkmalbündel mitkonstituieren, vergangene Begebenheiten bzw. vergan- gene oder gegenwärtige Zustände ausdrücken, die der Sprecher für unfassbar hält.
Reforma portugalskoga pravopisa
Authors:   Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Sarić Daliborka , Bojić Majda ,   Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu
Published: June 2022

This paper provides a short survey of the 1990 Portuguese orthographic reform, mandatory from 2015 (in Portugal) and 2016 (in Brazil), whose aim was to unify in a single normative document two previously used orthographies, one valid in Brazil and the other in Portugal and other Lusophone countries. The new Portuguese Language Orthographic Agreement only partly unifies the previous two orthographic agreements as this new official orthography still allows variation in a number of cases which reflect some of the differences in the pronun- ciation of certain sounds. Besides the main orthographic innovations, the paper looks into some of the most prominent judgments on the orthographic reform appearing in the media and in professional texts during the still-ongoing public debate.
Explosibility of nuclear graphite measured in a 1 m3 chamber
Authors: Poletaev N. L.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Nuclear graphite poses a threat due to the formation of the graphite dust – air mixture (GDAM) during the dismantling of decommissioned nuclear reactors. However, there is no clear answer to the question on the GDAM explosibility. A review of international studies suggests that GDAM is either inexplosive or its explosibility is weak (Phylaktou H.N. et al., 2015). In this paper, the authors advance arguments for the explosion safety of GDAM.

Selected research result. The authors considered a well-known result of a study on the combustion of GDAM with an average particle size of 5 μm, the concentration of about 450 g/m3 in a 1.138 m3 chamber, and an ignitionsource made by Fr. Sobbe GmbH («Sobbe 10 kJ»). The maximum overpressure ΔPmax was 0.47 bar in the chamber, and it fitted the case of an explosive air suspension, according to EN 14034-3 (1 bar = 100 kPa).

Interpretation of the research result. Pressure oscillograms were compared for the following two cases: the case of the maximum manifestation of the GDAM explosion hazard (ΔPmax = 0.47 bar; dP/dt|max = 3.8 bar/s) and the case of combustion of an ignition source in the absence of air suspension (ΔPmax = 0.027 bar; dP/dt|max = 2.7 bar/s). The comparison shows that the first 20 ms of a pressure change inside the chamber is mainly due to the combustion of the ignition source: the characteristic values ΔP = 0.03 bar and (dP/dt) ≈ 3.8 bar/s are close to the «Sobbe 10kJ» combustion index in the absence of GDAM. A further increase in ΔP is accompanied by the constant or sharply decreasing value of (dP/dt), which means a monotonous decrease in the flame velocity and proves the incombustibility of GDAM.

Conclusions. Due to the smallness of ΔPmax, GDAM can be considered nonexplosive under normal atmospheric conditions. Dependency diagrams, relating the pressure of combustion products and its growth to time offer important information about the combustion of the air suspension in explosion chambers under the condition of a low dust explosion hazard.
The calculation of the regulated number of remote sensors of gas analyzers surrounding rectangular outdoor facilities at oil refineries
Authors: Samarin I. V. , Kryuchkov A. V. , Strogonov A. Yu.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The authors emphasize the importance of pre-explosive concentration sensors, that ensure the required fire safety (FS) at fire/explosion hazardous facilities of oil refineries. The authors substantiate the importance of maintenance procedures for first-level alarming devices that are part of automated process control systems (APCS) installed around outdoor facilities of refineries.

Theoretical fundamentals. The authors argue that two counter-running subprocesses (destructive and creative (restorative)), that ensure fire safety, can describe a decrease in the efficiency of APCS subsystems in the FS monitoring, as well as their restoration at refinery facilities. The proper maintenance of gas detectors is presented as a discrete creative subprocess. The authors demonstrate a relation between the spatial location of sensors of stationary gas analyzers and the computability of their number, depending on the outdoor facility perimeter.

Research results. To mathematically describe the maintenance procedure applied to stationary gas analyzers, the authors assess the dependence between the number of remote detectors, the perimeter of the rectangular outdoor unit, around which they are installed at a refinery, and the prescribed distance between the sensors.

Conclusion. This assessment conveys the features of installation of gas detectors of any type depending on their classification based on physical methods of analysis. A conclusion is drawn that the perimeter data can help to calculate the number of rows for the installation of devices, the length of each row, the prescribed number of gas detectors in each row.
A study on mechanical properties of modern rolled structural metal at elevated temperatures
Authors: Golovanov V. I. , Kryuchkov G. I. , Strekalev A. N. , Komissarov A. A. , Tikhonov S. M.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The purpose of this work is to obtain experimental data on the numerical dependence between the strength characteristics of the most widely used grades of rolled structural metal products (including those featuring high heat resistance) and a critical increase in temperature.

Materials and methods. As the subject of research we used specimens of rolled metal of the following strength classes: С255 (steel St3sp), С345 (steel 09G2S), С390 (steel 14G2), and rolled metal that had high heat resistance properties S355P (steel 06MBF). Small cylindrical specimens of type B, with M10 thread on heads and the working diameter of 4 mm were used to conduct the static tension and compression tests of mechanical properties. The procedure encompassed the heating of the specimens to the pre-set testing temperature at the rate of not more than 10 °C/min, their 15-minute exposure, and testing for static uniaxial tension/compression.

Results and discussion. The results of the experimental research on mechanical properties of different widely used grades of rolled structural steel, including heat resistant rolled metal, subjected to the fire impact, are presented in the article. The data are presented in the form of diagrams used to make a quantitative assessment of the effect of elevated temperature on the strength properties of rolled structural metal under the impact of fire. This information can be contributed to the design and operation of structural metal constructions to develop analytical methods of identifying the fire-resistance limits of constructions made of structural metal.

Conclusion. The new data on the fire resistance of metal products allow for a more reasonable building design, higher safety and resistance of buildings and structures to the effect of fire. A wider area of application of the whole range of rolled products featuring higher heat resistance will reduce metal consumption and construction costs, boost competitiveness and attractiveness of steel structures and their application in the construction of buildings and structures of various purposes.
Automatic and robotized firefighting systems at self-contained and low-maintenance facilities of the fuel and energy sector as an alternative to quick response teams
Authors: Nemchinov S. G. , Tsarichenko S. G.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. An important factor of the proper operation of the whole fuel and energy sector is the fire safety of its process facilities, designated for the transportation and distribution of electricity (power stations, transformer units), oil products and combustible gas (compressors and main pumps). These items of equipment are self-contained low-maintenance facilities located in remote areas.

Scope of problems. The fire safety of self-contained low-maintenance fuel and energy facilities, including power stations, compressors and main pumps, entails the involvement of the field forces that cannot ensure reliable and effective fire protection at all times, given the economic inexpediency of their establishment at these facilities or their remoteness from the facilities. The authors propose using automatic fire safety systems composed of robotized fire extinguishing units and water film heat shields that may operate in the stand-alone mode.

Research results. The authors have proven the ability of water film heat shields and stationary robotized fire extinguishing systems to ensure the fire safety of self-contained low-maintenance fuel and energy facilities. The proposed items of equipment should operate in the autonomous control mode that ensures timely and sufficiently effective fire protection by reducing the thermal impact of outdoor fires without the involvement of quick response teams.

Conclusions. Given the need to ensure fire safety, the use of self-contained and low-maintenance fuel and energy facilities equipped with automatic fire extinguishing units that have robotized water monitors and water film heat shields is an effective alternative to quick response teams.
Between Ethnicity and Professionalism: Problem of Personnel in the Establishment of the Latvian Conservatory in 1919-1921
Authors: Malnach Alexander D.
Published: June 2022

For the first time in the Russian-language historiography, there is examined the correlation of two approaches - ethnic and professional - in the formation of the teaching staff of the Latvian Conservatory in the first years of its existence (1919-1922). The research is based on materials of periodicals of that and later periods, letters from conservatory director Jazep Vitols, as well as documents of the Latvian Conservatory record stored in the conservatory fund in the Latvian State Archives and in the fund of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Latvia in the Latvian State Historical Archives. The article considers the tasks that the state and its leaders set for the conservatory, as well as the dominant principles of staffing. The author reveals a fundamental contradiction between the desire to make the conservatory in the Latvian style and the need to set and keep a high bar of the higher music school of the European level. The author comes to the conclusion that the political circumstances and national aspirations hindered the formation of the teaching staff of the conservatory on a strictly professional basis. In turn, the requirement to ensure a high quality of teaching forced the conservatory to resort to services of non-Latvian musicians and thereby limited the manifestations of Latvian national egoism. At the same time, in the post-revolutionary years it was Soviet Russia that served as the main source of staff for the Latvian Conservatory, both Latvian and foreign.
Cadres Issue in the Post-war Baltic Republics: Characteristics and Solution
Authors: Boldovskiy Kirill A. , Pivovarov Nikita Yu.
Published: June 2022

The article analyzes the main qualitative characteristics and features of the leadership and specialists’ formation of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia in the period of “late Stalinism.” The main sources for the article were the archival documents of the thematic cases of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of the Bolsheviks and the materials of the “Survey of executives and specialists as of November 1, 1947” - a unique closed census, the results of which were reported only to the top Soviet leadership. The article analyzes the total number of employees in specific industries, the proportion of the workers of the “indigenous” nationality and the number of managers who came to work to the republics after the end of the war. The latter data are of particular importance, since they made it possible to calculate the proportion of workers in certain industries who lived in the republics during the occupation. Special attention is paid to the management system and political campaigns that exerted direct influence on cadres policy. The analysis carried out by the authors showed that the proportion of leaders and specialists of “indigenous nationalities” did not exceed 85 %, and most often was 50-60 %. At the same time, at the level of uyezds and volosts, the proportion of “indigenous” nationalities increased to 95 %, i.e. at the grassroots level, most of the leaders and professionals were local residents, usually non-members, who had spent the war years under the occupation. Probably, this circumstance caused concern of the central authorities and led to a number of political campaigns in the late 1940s - early 1950s. Only after J.V. Stalin’s death did the reform of cadres policy begin; L.P. Beria and N.S. Khrushchev can be considered its authors.
Interdisciplinarity in the structure of modern methodology of history
Authors: Ryabova Liudmila K. , Petrov Eugene V. , Ryabov Anatoly A.
Published: June 2022

The integration of humanitarian research has greatly expanded the range of related disciplines involved in the process of historical cognition. The article examines the epistemological aspects of interdisciplinaryism as the main principle of the development of modern history methodology. The consequence of strengthening inter-subject relationships in historical studies was the complexity of vocabulary, the emergence of new concepts borrowed from related disciplines. The modern conceptual system is caused by the appearance of new objects of study, which were not in the “classical” historical science, so called “event history.” Some of them (gender, historical memory, totalitarianism, childhood, the environment, etc.) are established in their status of “historical” and interdisciplinary. At the same time, there appeared new objects of “non-event” history studies (history of emotions, violence, etc.) which require an appeal to evolutionary psychology, historical sociology, anthropology and other areas of humanitarian knowledge.
Personal Archives and Their Transformation in Digital Era
Authors: Sabennikova Irina V.
Published: June 2022

The social changes that are taking place, such as the digital revolution, affect the work of the archives, largely transforming the nature of their main activities. Personal archives that people create in the process of life are also undergoing significant transformation by replacing analog documents with digital ones and uncontrolled material accumulation, lack of classification and methods of managing electronic documents related to this process. The current situation with personal archives requires arrangement of the processes of accumulation, selection, copying and storage of personal information. In this regard, fund creators need to acquire certain knowledge and skills in this area. The task of archivists is to offer potential fund creators effective and simple methods of managing electronic documents within personal and family archives. Archives in a number of countries publish understandable recommendations on their websites in order to give people an idea of the methods of managing personal archives that exist in a digital format, both at the stage of their creation and when they are archived. The article also examines the types of electronic digital documents that can be used to complete personal funds and the problems that arise in this regard.
Political Theology of Baroque Ruler: The Case of the Coronation Book of Empress Elizabeth of Russia
Authors: Hanovs Deniss , Teraudkalns Valdis
Published: June 2022

The study analyses the political theology and imagery of a female Russian ruler in the first half of the 18th century in the context of the European political discourses on feminine rulers during the baroque period. The coronation ritual of Empress Elizabeth (ruled 1741-1761, crowned 25 April 1742) reflected in the coronation book (1744) illustrates the transition of European images of a baroque feminine ruler into the semiotics of westernized Russian absolutism. Elizabeth appears in the court media (sermons, engravings in the coronation book, poems, etc.) as the natural, God-given mother of all Russians, saving Orthodoxy from the political chaos of the previous rule, combining both masculine and feminine images of a ruler. The image of Elizabeth in the sermon by Archbishop of Novgorod Ambrosii illustrates a Russian variation of the political liturgy of absolutist culture in the 18th century.
Delivery of Museum Collections to the USSR in the Period of Sanctions: Experience of the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography in the 1920s
Authors: Kotin Igor Yu. , Krasnodembskaya Nina G. , Soboleva Elena S.
Published: June 2022

The article examines the circumstances and history of delivery to Russia of ethnographic collections by the First Russian Expedition to Ceylon and India (1914-18). These items were stored at Russian Tea Firm Gubkin Co warehouses in Colombo, Government Museum (Madras) and Indian Museum (Calcutta), at the State Far Eastern University (Vladivostok) until 1925. The authors consider political conditions and ways of protection of the Academy of Sciences property in the 1920s. The Indian collections in 1921-24 became the pretext for the working out a model of interaction between the young Soviet state and Great Britain. The arguments proposed by Academician F.I. Stcherbatsky made it possible to resolve diplomatic conflicts related to the confiscation of the property of British subjects in the Soviet Russia. In 1923-24 international cooperation of scientists facilitated the transportation of Indian exhibits to the academic Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (MAE). By 1925, most of the collections had been delivered to Petrograd, the Meerwarths returned to the MAE.
PENERAPAN METODE FUZZY ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS DALAM MENENTUKAN SUPPLIER BATU DAN TANAH
Authors: Sarjono Haryadi , Antonius Antonius , Rizky Hilman , Ridani Faulika
Published: June 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini  untuk dapat menganalisa dan mencari supplier batu dan tanah yang tepat bagi perusahaan menggunakan metode Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) di PT. Jaya Abadi Makmur*), perusahaan konstruksi berbasis lokal, yang didirikan tahun 2011, dimana dalam pengembangan bisnisnya, selalu bekerja sama dengan perusahaan lokal lainnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah FAHP dengan melakukan penelitian berdasarkan keprioritas-an dimensi. Dimensi prioritas merupakan dimensi harga, ketepatan jumlah, customer care, ketepatan pengiriman, dan dimensi kualitas. Dalam merealisasikan metode FAHP penulis mengumpulkan data dari hasil wawancara dari pihak perusahaan, dan data internal yang di berikan perusahaan terkait dalam pengerjaan proyek pengerukan tanah. Hasil penlitian dari perhitungan yang dilakukan, PT. Mitra B*) merupakan supplier terbaik dibandingkan dengan supplier lainnya dengan nilai 0,334.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA RESILIENSI DENGA JOB INVOLVEMENT PADA PAMONG BELAJAR DI BANDUNG RAYA
Authors: Wirawati Feby Satya , Sulastiana Marina , Kadiyono Anissa Lestari
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh perubahhan sistem pembelajaran dari yang awal mulanya tatap muka menjadi daring. Perubahan ini mempengaruhi kepada kinerja pamong belajar khususnya pamong belajar di Bandung raya yang kemudian berpengaruh pula keterlibatan kerja dari pamong belajar selama menjalankan program kegiatannya ditengah kondisi yang seba tidak memungkinkan pada saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara resiliensi dengan job involvement pada pamong belajar di Bandung Raya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan sampel data sebanyak 63 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang postif serta kuat antara variable resiliensi dan job involvement pada pamong belajar. Pada masing-masing variable pamong belajar di Bandung raya memiliki skor nilai yang tinggi sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa pamong belajar di Bandung raya memiliki resiliensi yang tinggi juga Job involvement yang tinggi adapun aspek lain diuji untuk melihat factor lain yang mempengaruhi resiliensi dan job involvement yang tinggi pada pamong belajar.
Can Blockchain Technology Incentivize Open Ecological Data?
Authors: Lewis Robert , Marstein Kjell-Erik , Grytnes John-Arvid
Published: June 2022

Cyberinfrastructures in ecology have coevolved alongside fields
excellent at expanding the landscape of big data acquisition. Arguably,
they offer better technological solutions for mobilising ‘born digital’
data (e.g. sensor technologies and citizen science), then they do for
low velocity, resource intensive ecological data which are inherently
tied to sociological and cultural constraints limiting sharing. Such
barriers can be summarised as trust, transparency and control,
fundamental properties on which blockchain technologies have been
prefiguratively designed. While this nascent decentralised ledger
technology (DLT) is receiving increasing attention among the sciences,
focus is yet to be directed at its potential utility to bolster open
ecological data. In this viewpoint we offer insight into how blockchain
technology could be leveraged to help normalise and incentivize open
ecological data and its potential to help culture a paradigm shift from
data proprietorship towards data stewardship.
Corrigendum for article: Root canal treatment from patients’ perspective: Knowledge, awareness, and expectations
Authors: Editoral E
Published: June 2022

In the original article titled "Root canal treatment from patients?
perspective: knowledge, awareness, and expectations" by Muhammad Qasim*,
Omair Anjum?, Gotam Das?, Fariha Naz*, Saima Razaq Khan?, Abdul Razzaq
Ahmed?, Saurabh Chaturvedi?, published in the April 2022 print issue of the
Vojnosanitetski pregled (Vojnosanit Pregl 2022; 79(4): 325-329);
https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP200825112Q), there are errors in affiliations.
Instead of the existing affiliations:
King Khalid University, College of Dentistry, *Department of Restorative Dental Sciences,
?Department of Prosthodontics, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Lahore Medical and Operative Dentistry,
?Department of Science of Dental Materials, ?Department of Operative
Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan, there should be: King Khalid University,
College of Dentistry, *Department of Restorative Dental Sciences (Operative
Dentistry), ?Department of Prosthodontics, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Lahore
Medical and Dental College, ?Department of Science of Dental Materials,
?Department of Operative Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan.

 Link to the corrected article 10.2298/VSP200825112Q
Peaceful development as an example of relational behaviour of the PR China within the global governance
Authors: Popovic Slobodan
Published: June 2022

Becoming the second world economy and one of the most active, assertive, but
vulnerable actors too, China was urged to bring new understanding of the
Global Governance. However, that understanding has to be widely accepted by
the international community. Hence, China offered international partners
peaceful development diplomatic discourse. The first part of the paper is
theoretical framework. The definition of our research subject is grounded on
relational theory, moral realism theory of international relations and
political economic concept of structural power. The second part of the paper
tackles the idea of Global Governance and how China perceives it in
achieving foreign and domestic policy, security and economic goals. The
third part analyses the discourse of peaceful development with focus on
strategic reasons that pushed China to pursue it in its foreign policy. This
will be helpful to understand why China insists that diplomacy is very much
needed activity in its ambitions in becoming the global superpower.
Competition among interest group - mechanism and consequences
Authors: Tesic Nenad
Published: June 2022

The subject of analysis is the cause, mechanism and consequences of competition of interest groups in the political market. Two theoretical views are opposed. The central part is dedicated to Becker?s model of competition of pressure groups, which implies the improvement of social welfare, while the argumentation of public choice theory points to the partially opposite conclusion.
Evaluating Key Logistics Capabilities for International Distribution Center Operators in Taiwan
Authors: LU CHIN-SHAN , YANG CHING-CHIAO
Published: June 2022

This study empirically evaluates key logistics capabilities for international distribution center operators. Based on factor analysis, four key logistics capabilities were identified: customer response, innovation, economic scale, and flexible operation and logistics knowledge. The findings suggest that customer response capability is perceived as the most important logistics capability, followed by flexible operation and logistics knowledge, innovation, then economic scale capability. Results also indicate that customer response capability differs significantly between public and private international distribution center operators. Theoretical and managerial implications of the research findings are discussed.
Great Lakes Short Sea Shipping and the Domestic Cargo-Carrying Fleet
Authors: HIGGINSON JAMES K. , DUMITRASCU TUDORITA
Published: June 2022

This article examines aspects of short sea shipping on the Great Lakes, focusing on the current Great Lakes domestic cargo-carrying ship fleet. The age, capacity, and speed characteristics of the Great Lakes fleet are reviewed, and their implications on short sea shipping are discussed. We conclude that Great Lakes short sea shipping has it best potential for success in two areas: the bulk commodity market and short-distance Ro/Ro and container service. A case study illustrates some of the operational characteristics of successful short sea shipping, including the existence of a champion; simple, general-purpose loading and unloading; and few involved parties. Comparisons with European short sea vessels and experience are given.
Shipper-Carrier Relationships and their Effect on Carrier Performance
Authors: ZSIDISIN GEORGE A. , VOSS M. DOUGLAS , SCHLOSSER MATT
Published: June 2022

The transportation function is critical to efficient and effective logistical operations. In order to improve transportation performance, it may be necessary for firms to form closer relationships with their carriers. Unfortunately, there are few studies examining the nuances and outcomes of shipper-carrier relationships. The focus of this work is to delineate the levels of relational closeness found between shippers and carriers and to assess the effects of relational closeness on carrier performance. Based on data and expertise provided by The Hershey Company, a major U.S. confectionary corporation, this research utilizes qualitative and quantitative techniques to accomplish these tasks. Findings indicate that closer relationships between shippers and carriers have no effect on carriers' on-time performance but significantly influence carriers' willingness to commit assets to the shipper and accept loads during times of constrained transportation capacity.
Benchmarking European Rail Freight Transport Companies
Authors: WIEGMANS BART W. , DONDERS A. ROGIER T.
Published: June 2022

This article focuses on answering the following research question: How efficient are European rail transport companies compared with each other? When the focus in benchmarking is placed on “employee productivity performance,” Railcargo Austria and VR Cargo perform relatively well when compared with their competitors. RENFE and SNCF Fret are the worst performers. If the focus is on “sales productivity performance,” the best performers are Green Cargo, SBB, and VR Cargo. The worst performers are Trenitalia, CP, and SNCF Fret. The best in “railcar productivity performance” are Green Cargo, VR Cargo, and Railcargo Austria. The worst performers are SNCF Fret, Trenitalia, and RENFE. Analysis of effects, using a mixed model approach, showed that there are large differences among the companies. The overall trends were mostly not significant, but the distributions of the signs of the trends (+ or -) are quite plausible and significant. Two main conclusions arise: First, the inputs (employees, locomotives, and railcars) have been reduced over the years. Second, the partial productivity performances (tons/railcar, tonkms/railcar, sales/railcar, employees/railcar, sales/ton, sales/employee, sales/tonkm, and tonkms/employee) have improved over the years. Overall, less freight is transported more efficiently.
Core Competencies and Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Air-Cargo Forwarding: Evidence from Taiwan
Authors: CHENG YUNG-HSIANG , YEH CHIAN-YU
Published: June 2022

This study aims to identify the core competencies of the air-cargo forwarding industry and to investigate the relationship between core competencies and sustainable competitive advantage (SCA). This study therefore adopts the resource-based view of the firm to examine the cause-and-effect relationships of internal dimensions such as resources, capabilities, and logistics services on SCA in the air-cargo forwarding industry. In addition, several external factors affecting SCA were examined. Structural equation modeling was used to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis between the survey data and theoretical framework. Results indicate that resources, capabilities, and logistics services all positively influence SCA. Capabilities are considered to be the most essential internal dimension influencing the SCA of air-cargo forwarders. In terms of the capabilities dimension, staff capability to provide better customer service was the critical factor. In addition, strategy alliances are regarded as the essential source of external assistance in achieving SCA. The results of this study will be useful for conducting future strategic planning of air-cargo forwarding.
Horizontal Cooperation in Transport and Logistics: A Literature Review
Authors: CRUIJSSEN FRANS , DULLAERT WOUT , FLEUREN HEIN
Published: June 2022

This article presents a broad review of horizontal cooperation in transport and logistics. This topic is fast gaining momentum in the logistics sector and is thus highly relevant from a practical point of view. Moreover, horizontal cooperation is also interesting from a theoretical perspective because it can be approached by various disciplines, offering a forum for economists, operations researchers, and psychologists, among others. The purpose of this article is to provide a starting point for intensified future research on the topic of horizontal cooperation. In addition to a discussion of various types of horizontal cooperation and closely related literature, the drivers, impediments, and facilitators are reviewed and supported by an extensive bibliography.
Postponement Application in Greater China and its Related Determinants
Authors: HUANG YU-YING , LI SHYH-JANE
Published: June 2022

Postponement has a long history in both practical applications and academic literature. However, past empirical research has almost always been conducted in the Western countries. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current situations of postponement application in Greater China (which includes Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan) and to verify the effects of some determinants (i.e., business environment uncertainty, administration factors, IS maturity, and industry characteristics). This study conducted a questionnaire survey that encompassed large manufacturers across three industries. The result indicates that postponement application in Greater China is growing, and the degree is higher than that indicated by previous findings in some Western countries. Business environment uncertainty, administration factors, and IS maturity all have positive effects on postponement application, while industry-specific variations truly influence the presented styles of postponement strategies. In summary, the findings of this study may provide another viewpoint that is different from what we are used to seeing in the Western studies.
Why Do Carriers Use Owner Operators in the U.S. For-Hire Trucking Industry?
Authors: HAN CHAODONG , CORSI THOMAS M. , GRIMM CURTIS M.
Published: June 2022

Using the theoretical lenses of transaction cost economics and the structure-conduct-performance paradigm, this article examines the rationale for U.S. for-hire trucking carriers' use of owner operator contract drivers. The analysis employs a cross-sectional financial and operational data set from the U.S. Department of Transportation on the largest U.S. for-hire trucking carriers. Regression results show that the use of specialized equipment and the engagement in less-than-truckload services reduce the use of owner operators. These findings provide a strong support for Williamson's core notion of asset specificity as a driver of make-or-buy decisions. Results also demonstrate that higher segment concentration levels reduce the use of owner operators. This suggests that lack of segment competition may facilitate a higher level of vertical integration among for-hire trucking carriers as evidenced by a greater reliance on employee drivers as opposed to contract owner operators.
Diversity in Business-to-Business Information Exchange: An Empirical Analysis of Manufacturers and their Trading Partners
Authors: PORTERFIELD TOBIN E.
Published: June 2022

This article examines the performance implications of information exchange in industrial supply chains. While existing literature has addressed the critical role of information exchange in supply chain integration, existing studies fail to address the specific characteristics of information exchange that affect performance. Through a transaction cost economics theoretical lens, hypotheses are developed and tested to explore the effects of information volume and information diversity on firm performance. The hypotheses are tested using an original dataset of twenty-three manufacturing firms that exchange information with their trading partners using an electronic intermediary. Results indicate a positive relationship for information volume and a negative relationship for information diversity as related to firm performance.
The Liver–α-Cell Axis in Health and in Disease
Authors: Richter Michael M. , Galsgaard Katrine D. , Elmelund Emilie , Knop Filip K. , Suppli Malte P. , Holst Jens J. , Winther-Sørensen Marie , Kjeldsen Sasha A.S. , Wewer Albrechtsen Nicolai J.
Published: June 2022

Glucagon and insulin are the main regulators of blood glucose. While the actions of insulin are extensively mapped, less is known about glucagon. Besides glucagon’s role in glucose homeostasis, there are additional links between the pancreatic α-cells and the hepatocytes, often collectively referred to as the liver–α-cell axis, that may be of importance for health and disease. Thus, glucagon receptor antagonism (pharmacological or genetic), which disrupts the liver–α-cell axis, results not only in lower fasting glucose but also in reduced amino acid turnover and dyslipidemia. Here, we review the actions of glucagon on glucose homeostasis, amino acid catabolism, and lipid metabolism in the context of the liver–α-cell axis. The concept of glucagon resistance is also discussed, and we argue that the various elements of the liver–α-cell axis may be differentially affected in metabolic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This conceptual rethinking of glucagon biology may explain why patients with type 2 diabetes have hyperglucagonemia and how NAFLD disrupts the liver–α-cell axis, compromising the normal glucagon-mediated enhancement of substrate-induced amino acid turnover and possibly fatty acid β-oxidation. In contrast to amino acid catabolism, glucagon-induced glucose production may not be affected by NAFLD, explaining the diabetogenic effect of NAFLD-associated hyperglucagonemia. Consideration of the liver–α-cell axis is essential to understanding the complex pathophysiology underlying diabetes and other metabolic diseases.
A EXPERIMENTAÇÃO NO ENSINO DE QUÍMICA: COMPREENSÕES DE LICENCIANDOS MANIFESTADAS EM UM AMBIENTE VIRTUAL DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Silva Gonçalves Luciene Pereira da , Nobre-da-Silva Nara Alinne , Machado Benite Claudio Roberto
Published: June 2022

As atividades experimentais têm papel fundamental na formação dos professores de Química. No entanto, muitas visões simplistas sobre elas têm sido observadas entre os licenciandos. Nesse contexto, foi realizada uma investigação junto a um grupo de licenciandos em Química com os propósitos de identificar e caracterizar as visões expressas por esse grupo a respeito da experimentação no ensino durante as discussões promovidas por meio do Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA). A pesquisa de caráter descritivo foi realizada com base nas quatro fases da Pesquisa Participante e, a construção de dados se deu a partir de questionários, entrevistas e registros do AVA. Os resultados indicam que os diálogos impulsionaram problematizações acerca das visões simplistas sobre Natureza da Ciência e da experimentação no ensino. Adiante, conclui-se que o AVA é um ambiente propício para promover discussões que contribuem para a formação docente, favorecendo troca de experiências e reflexão crítica dos sujeitos envolvidos.
Prototype for Multimedia Content Delivery based on Non-Transmittable Codewords Enhanced Viterbi Algorithm
Authors:   Department of Information Technology, University of Iringa, Iringa, Tanzania., Joseph Thobius , Wanga Herbert Peter ,   Department of Information Technology, University of Iringa, Iringa, Tanzania., Samson Frank ,   Department of Information Technology, University of Iringa, Iringa, Tanzania., Kituma Shangweli Vyosena ,   Department of Information Technology, University of Iringa, Iringa, Tanzania.
Published: June 2022

The paper provides a prototype for multimedia content delivery with reduced channel code rate from conventional Non-Transmittable Codewords Enhanced Viterbi Algorithm. The code rate reduction was simulated using VB.NET Viterbi simulator available at College of Informatics and Virtual Education-University of Dodoma. The study approximates Uplink and downlink speeds limits of the prototype using High Speed Packet Access Evolved technology by assuming all other parameters remain constant. The uplink and downlink of the prototype is clearly presented. The code rate of 1/3 was obtained by simulating different 8-bits patterns. This code rate of 1/3 enabled reduction of encoder output bits from 48-bits to 24-bits, therefore, few bits would be sent to the network and bandwidth conservation is attained. This makes the prototype to be the good choice for low network bandwidth channel. In addition, the reduced code rate will reduce the expenses of user internet bundles, because number of MBs to be charged will be smaller. This prototype for multimedia delivery over network has three benefits, high data transmission reliability due to adopted NTC Enhanced Viterbi, minimum network bandwidth utilization and satisfied uplink and downlink access speed.