bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of the Case-Law of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the Field of Public Procurement
Authors: Ivanova Albena
Published: July 2018

The article examines the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union on Public Procurement issues. On the one hand, the paper analyzes the control exercised by the Court in this area while the Member States implement the Public Procurement Directives by transposing them into national law or by administrative practice which is subject to judicial review. The Court's control is executed through the interpretation of provisions and through actions taken by the European Commission against Member States for breaches of EU law in the area of Public Procurement. On the other hand, in the references for a preliminary ruling, the Court of Justice of the EU defines some basic terms, such as 'public procurement' (at Union level), a contractor, a minimum threshold, etc., and affirms the key principles that must be respected for the fulfilment of Public Procurement objectives such as transparency, competition and equal treatment. The article aims to show the contribution of the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union to the development and uniform application of Public Procurement legislation in the Member States and facilitates the functioning of the Internal market
Reflections on the Regulation of the Principle of Nondiscrimination in the Romanian Constitutions and in the International Bill of Rights – Selective Aspects
Authors: Pavel Nicolae
Published: July 2018

At the onset of the study it is necessary to mention that its topic will be circumscribed to "Reflections on the regulation of the principle of non-discrimination in the Romanian Constitutions and in the International Bill of Human Rights - Selective aspects". By this approach, the proposed study opens a complex and complete vision, but not exhaustive, on the "Reflections on the regulation of non-discrimination in the Romanian Constitutions and in the International Bill of Human Rights - Selective aspects”. In the analysis of the International Bill of Human Rights, we will keep a symmetrical approach to identifying regulations concerning non-discrimination. The subject of the scientific endeavour will be circumscribed to the scientific analysis of its parts, as follows: 1. Preliminary considerations. 2. Identification of constitutional rules on the principle of nondiscrimination in the Romanian Constitutions. 3. Identification of rules on the non-discrimination in the International Bill of Human Rights. 4. The highlights of Romanian doctrine on the nondiscrimination. 5. Jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court regarding non-discrimination (Selective aspects) 6. Conclusions
The Role of Public Authorities During Mobilization
Authors: Stoian Alexandru
Published: July 2018

Imposed by states in order to defend its own territory and national values during the time of crisis, mobilization of armed forces in a contemporary global context creates new challenges for the public authorities, designers of the national legal framework and for the military authorities. In this regard, extraordinary measures can be taken in political, economic, social, administrative, diplomatic, legal and military fields, planned and prepared in peacetime. The Romanian National Defense System consists of the forces intended for defense, the resources of the national defense and the territorial infrastructure and provides a stable foundation for all types of actions related to mobilization, as long as the procedures involved are implemented at a high level of efficiency
The Visual Message. Directions of Evolution in Image Advertising
Authors: Ilie Oana-Antonia
Published: July 2018

The advertising image has become a part of our daily life; it is the main method of marketing in society, which encourages and finally, persuades people to purchase goods and services. A picture is worth a thousand words, and the visual image has gained supremacy over all other communication means. Advertising contributes to the development of the economy by increasing demand and by sustaining economic activities. It determines people to consume more and thereby improves their standard of living. The brand images are capable of instantly catching consumers’ attention and are the influential devices that make people aware of the quality of a product. As a resistance movement, the adbusters assumed the mission to reveal the true face of the advertising message, and thus express disapproval of those who hunt their potential buyers so aggressively. Advertising experts are competing every year in improving institutions’ image strategies, making them more and more innovative and creative in order to sell their products and services and succeed in their field. Recent statistics confirm that the new marketing trend is all about the visual message. It’s importance is predicted to grow in the following years: an estimated 84% of communications are estimated to be visual by 2018
Training Program for Military Students for the Improvement of the Freestyle Swimming Method
Authors: Martinescu-Bădălan Fabiana , Herman Ramona-Elena
Published: July 2018

In this paper we wanted to demonstrate that improving swimming performance, even over a short period of time, requires a centralized training program. The subjects of the research were checked on a distance of 50m freestyle before and after the application of the centralized training program, and the results were compared with those from the control group who did not benefit from the centralized training program, the latter ones having participated only in the classes of the approved syllabus. All the results from the research were interpreted objectively, the resulting figures being the actual support of this study. The tests and the program applied proved relevant in view of the purpose of this study
Analysis of the Energy Requirement and of the Energy Reception of the Cadets from Vasil Levski National Military University
Authors: Nichev Nikolay
Published: July 2018

The mission of Vasil Levski National Military University is to develop the cadets in moral, mental and physical aspects, to incorporate them to the ideals of patriotism, duty and honor, to form them as personalities and leaders with developed leaders’ competences, capable of developing and implementing the scientific knowledge, to direct public and special structures during peacetime and crises, to participate in national or multi-national projects for keeping of security, peacekeeping and development of the society. Aim of the research: The aim of the research is to determine the values of the energy requirement and of the taken proteins, fats and carbohydrates fro a balanced nutrition of the Cadets at Vasil Levski National Military University. The general hypothesis of the research is to confirm the existence of significant disproportions between the consumed energy requirement and the actually taken energy and nutrients through the given to the Cadets food during the process of their training at Vasil Levski National Military University
Alexander the Great and the “Clash” of Ancient Civilizations
Authors: Strechie Mădălina
Published: July 2018

Alexander the Great was not only a great political leader, but also an amazing general. He did not face only armies, but entire civilizations which he forced to merge, following his own example. We believe that his most lasting victory was the Hellenistic civilization, a new civilization that emerged after the “clash of civilizations” that Alexander, the great leader, had opposed, namely the Greek civilization versus the Persian civilization. His war was totally new, revolutionary, both in terms of fighting tactics, weapons, and especially goals. Alexander became the Great because of his ambition to conquer the world from one end to the other. Beginning with the pretext meant to take revenge for the Persian Wars, his expedition to the Persian Empire was in fact a special “clash of civilizations”. With Alexander, the West fully demonstrates its expansionist tendencies, conquering at first an empire and civilization after civilization. Thus, in turn, the Greek crusher of the new half-god of war defeated the Phoenician, Egyptian, Persian civilizations (the coordinator of the empire that initiated for the first time the process of assimilation of the defeated ones, namely Persanization).From the military point of view, Alexander the Great was the initiator of the lightning war, of course mutatis

mutandis, forming a military monarchy within the conquered civilizations, turning for the first time in history, generals into important politicians, we think here of the Diadochi. Alexander the Great forced the limits beyond human possibilities, beyond the map and beyond fate. He is the most original general of history, precisely in his manner of making war and imposing peace, being the toughest “shock of civilizations”
Evaluation of Breakthrough Time Of Selected Chemical Warfare Agents Through Protection Materials Under Static Conditions Within the Interlaboratory Methods Comparison
Authors: Otřísal Pavel , Vošahlíková Iva , Weisheitelová Markéta , Slabotinsky Jiří , Obŝel Vladimír , Florus Stanislav
Published: July 2018

Based on long-term experiences cooperation between the Laboratory of Toxic Compounds at the National Institute for Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Protection and the Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Defence Institute of the University of Defence in Brno an interlaboratory double-sided comparison has been established in recent time. The interlaboratory comparison of methods is one of several quality management tools according to ČSN EN ISO/IEC 17 025:2005. In the Czech Republic a commercial available comparison system for breakthrough time determination of chemical warfare agents through protection material actually does not exist. In fact the methods are somewhat narrowly focused. Several procedures for evaluation of protection materials properties to drops and steams of soman or sulphur mustard under static conditions have been performed. Detection of chemical warfare agents has been realized by using suitable chromogenic indicator. This article summarises evaluation of the realised interlaboratory comparison
Selected Aspects of Cbrn Protection in Military Peace Support Operations
Authors: Pellowski Witalis , Żuber Marian , Smolarek Mirosław , Kugler Mikołaj
Published: July 2018

This paper presents the results of studies based on the analysis of field exercises organized for the purpose of disinfection of preventive sub-units regrouping from the areas threatened with endemic infectious diseases. The research also concerns the analysis of the possibility of conducting the liquidation of contamination in the conditions of access to the local infrastructure with the use of chemical weapons equipment and cooperation with the non-military system: police, fire brigade, emergency medical services and municipal guards. The method of preparation of the ozone chamber in field conditions is also presented
Synaesthesia in Chinese: A corpus-based study on gustatory adjectives in Mandarin
Authors: Zhao Qingqing , Huang Chu-Ren , Long Yunfei
Published: July 2018

This study adopted a corpus-based approach to examine the synaesthetic metaphors of gustatory adjectives in Mandarin. Based on the distribution of synaesthetic uses in the corpus, we found that: (1) the synaesthetic metaphors of Mandarin gustatory adjectives exhibited directionality; (2) the directionality of Mandarin synaesthetic gustatory adjectives showed both commonality and specificity when compared with the attested directionality of gustatory adjectives in English, which calls for a closer re-examination of the claim of cross-lingual universality of synaesthetic tendencies; and (3) the distribution and directionality of Mandarin synaesthetic gustatory adjectives could not be predicted by a single hypothesis, such as the embodiment-driven approach or the biological association-driven approach. Thus, linguistic synaesthesia was constrained by both the embodiment principle and the biological association mechanism.
Food-niche pattern of the Barn Owl(Tyto alba)in intensively cultivated agricultural landscape
Authors: Horváth Adrienn , Morvai Anita , Horváth Győző F.
Published: July 2018

This study investigated the dietary niche of the Barn Owl(Tyto alba)in an intensively farmed landscape, based on pellet samples from 12 nesting pairs containing 25 animal taxa and 1,994 prey items after the breeding season in 2016. Based on land use categories of the buffer area around each nest, three landscape types (agricultural, mosaic, urban) were considered, to analyse the diet composition and food-niche parameters. Niche breadth was calculated at the local and landscape level. Small mammals were the most frequent in the diet than other prey in each of the landscape types. The Common Vole(Microtus arvalis), considered to be an important agricultural pest was the most numerous prey in all landscape groups. The trophic niche of Barn Owl varied between 0.69 – 0.86 at the local level, and the overall value of niche breadth was significantly higher in the urban than in the other two landscape types. Our results showed that the increase of Common Vole frequency lead to a decrease in niche breadth; significantly negative relationship was detected between these parameters. Despite differences in niche breadth, similarly high niche overlaps were detected by the randomisation test in the three landscapes. Our results suggest that the diet composition of Barn Owls, mainly their food-niche pattern, reflected prey availability in the comparison of the studied landscapes, which pointed out that it is necessary to examine the dietary difference of Barn Owls at the finer scale of land use.
Exploratory analyses of migration timing and morphometrics of the Thrush Nightingale (Luscinia luscinia)
Authors: Csörgő Tibor , Fehérvári Péter , Karcza Zsolt , Ócsai Péter , Harnos Andrea
Published: July 2018

Ornithological studies often rely on long-term bird ringing data sets as sources of information. However, basic descriptive statistics of raw data are rarely provided. In order to fill this gap, here we present the seventh item of a series of exploratory analyses of migration timing and body size measurements of the most frequent Passerine species at a ringing station located in Central Hungary (1984–2017). First, we give a concise description of foreign ring recoveries of the Thrush Nightingale in relation to Hungary. We then shift focus to data of 1138 ringed and 547 recaptured individuals with 1557 recaptures (several years recaptures in 76 individuals) derived from the ringing station, where birds have been trapped, handled and ringed with standardized methodology since 1984. Timing is described through annual and daily capture and recapture frequencies and their descriptive statistics. We show annual mean arrival dates within the study period and present the cumulative distributions of first captures with stopover durations. We present the distributions of wing, third primary, tail length and body mass, and the annual means of these variables. Furthermore, we show the distributions of individual fat and muscle scores, and the distributions of body mass within each fat score category. We present data only for the autumn migratory period since there were only 27 spring captures in the study period. We distinguish the age groups (i.e. juveniles and adults) in the analyses. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the analysed variables. However, we do not aim to interpret the obtained results, merely to draw attention to interesting patterns that may be worth exploring in detail. Data used here are available upon request for further analyses.
Effect of Powder Recycling on the Fracture Behavior of Electron Beam Melted Alloy 718
Authors: Gruber H. , Karimi P. , Hryha E. , Nyborg L.
Published: July 2018

Understanding the effect of powder feedstock alterations during multicycle additive manufacturing on the quality of built components is crucial to meet the requirements on critical parts for aerospace engine applications. In this study, powder recycling of Alloy 718 during electron beam melting was studied to understand its influence on fracture behavior of Charpy impact test bars. High resolution scanning electron microscopy was employed for fracture surface analysis on test bars produced from virgin and recycled powder. For all investigated samples, an intergranular type of fracture, initiated by non-metallic phases and bonding defects, was typically observed in the regions close to or within the contour zone. The fracture mode in the bulk of the samples was mainly moderately ductile dimple fracture. The results show a clear correlation between powder degradation during multi-cycle powder reuse and the amount of damage relevant defects observed on the fracture surfaces. In particular, samples produced from recycled powder show a significant amount of aluminum-rich oxide defects, originating from aluminum-rich oxide particulates on the surface of the recycled powder.
Eigennamen als raumkonstituierende Elemente in der fantastischen Literatur: Stanisław LemsDzienniki Gwiazdowe
Authors: Fabian Anna
Published: July 2018

The essay deals with the role of proper names in the construction of literary spaces using the example of Stanisław Lem’s ‘The star diaries’. This is preceded by an overview of literary names in general and previous proposals on some classifications of literary names according to their structure and functionality. Based on Hans Krah’s thoughts on the aspects of spatial concepts in the literature, examples are shown of how literary names constitute the world space in ‘The star diaries’. The analysis makes quite clear, that this is achieved by an interaction of the different features and functions of literary names.
Research on Power Regulation Schedule Control System for Turboprop Engine
Authors: Xia Tianqian , Huang Xianghua
Published: July 2018

A method of variable speed control system for turboprop engine is presented in this paper. Firstly, the steady operation state of turboprop engine is analyzed, and the operating line is figured out in the steady state characteristic diagram, which is the design basis of Engine Thrust Management System (ETMS). Secondly, the reference model sliding mode multivariable control is used to design the control law to follow the speed instructions given by ETMS. Finally, the optimization of the minimum fuel consumption operating curve is realized, and the control system designed is applied to a numerical model of a turboprop engine. The simulation results show that compared with the constant speed control system, the variable speed control system can reduce the specific fuel consumption by 2.37 % on average and 3.1 % in steady state conditions. Furthermore, the method can enable the pilot to manipulate the turboprop aircraft by using only one throttle lever, which can greatly reduce the pilot operation burden.
Strongman Log Push Press: The Effect Log Diameter has on Force-Time Characteristics
Authors: Renals Lloyd , Lake Jason , Keogh Justin , Austin Kieran
Published: July 2018

Renals, L, Lake, J, Keogh, J, and Austin, K. Strongman log push press: The effect log diameter has on force-time characteristics. J Strength Cond Res 32(10): 2693–2700, 2018—Strongman training is becoming more common in strength and conditioning practices, particularly the log press. The existing literature analyzes force characteristics of the log clean and jerk or press compared with the weightlifting clean and jerk exercise. This investigation aims to explore the braking and propulsive phase performance characteristics of the push press with a barbell and strongman logs of different sizes. Ten experienced athletes volunteered to perform the push press exercise using 65% of their 1 repetition maximum using a small-diameter log, a large-diameter log, and a barbell. Analysis of variance showed a significant difference in all mean braking and propulsive characteristics (force, velocity, power, impulse, and displacement) between the barbell and both logs but there was no difference in lift duration. Comparison between both logs showed that the small log had significantly greater power (6%, p = 0.01), velocity (2%, p = 0.01), impulse (5%, p = 0.03), and force (3%, p = 0.01) but no difference in center of mass displacement or lift duration. In addition, propulsive phase when using the barbell was 4.4 times greater in force, 2.2 times in impulse, 1.8 times in velocity, and 2.3 times in power, and this was greater when compared with the larger diameter log. The athletes achieved larger propulsive outputs with a barbell over a log in the push press exercise in addition to showing a higher mechanical demand with a log that increases the larger log diameter, which may mean that the athlete needs to adapt loads when looking to optimize training parameters.
Influence of Constant Torque Stretching at Different Stretching Intensities on Flexibility and Mechanical Properties of Plantar Flexors
Authors: Oba Kensuke , Samukawa Mina , Nakamura Kentaro , Mikami Kentaro , Suzumori Yuki , Ishida Yuko , Keeler Nathalie , Saitoh Hiroshi , Yamanaka Masanori , Tohyama Harukazu
Published: July 2018

Oba, K, Samukawa, M, Nakamura, K, Mikami, K, Suzumori, Y, Ishida, Y, Keeler, N, Saitoh, H, Yamanaka, M, and Tohyama, H. Influence of constant torque stretching at different stretching intensities on flexibility and mechanical properties of plantar flexors. J Strength Cond Res 35(3): 709–714, 2021—The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of constant torque stretching (CTS) at different stretching intensities on the maximal range of motion (ROM) and muscle-tendon unit (MTU) stiffness of plantar flexors. Fourteen healthy men performed 4 trials of differing stretch intensities: no stretching (control), 50, 75, and 100%. Stretch intensity was defined as maximum passive resistive torque predetermined at a familiarization trial. Each stretch trial consisted of 5 sets of 60-second CTS at the designated stretch intensity. Both maximal ROM and passive resistive torque were assessed during passive dorsiflexion, and MTU stiffness was calculated using the torque-angle curves measured before and after CTS. There were no significant differences in maximal ROM or MTU stiffness at the baseline condition. After the intervention, significantly greater maximal ROM and significantly lower MTU stiffness were observed in the 100% CTS condition than the control condition, whereas there were no significant differences between the submaximal intensity condition (i.e., 50 or 75% intensity) and the control condition. Therefore, our findings suggest that maximal intensity stretching is the most effective approach for improving both flexibility and MTU stiffness with CTS.
Mediatización de la política en los nuevos gobiernos latinoamericanos: de la confrontación a la reconciliación
Authors: Chavero Palmira
Published: July 2018

Una de las principales líneas de estudio en el ámbito de la Comunicación Política en las últimas décadas ha sido la de la mediatización de la política, referida al proceso por el que los medios de comunicación interfieren en la vida política (Mazzoleni y Schulz, 1999). A partir de esta propuesta, en este artículo realizamos un breve recorrido por las relaciones entre los medios y los gobiernos de América Latina, relación que está sufriendo un cambio en la actualidad. Si las últimas dos décadas estuvieron marcadas por la presencia de leyes de medios, puestas en marcha por los gobiernos progresistas, en la actualidad y tras la vuelta de los gobiernos conservadores asistimos a un intento por eliminar o inhabilitar esas leyes que regulaban el mercado de la comunicación. Esto deja ver un cambio en la forma de relacionarse de los medios tradicionales con los gobiernos: si durante las dos décadas anteriores predominaba el conflicto y enfrentamiento permanente entre ambos, ahora asistimos a una reconciliación en la que ninguno de los dos actores perjudica al otro. Todo ello se produce en un contexto de desafección política y de un incremento constante en el uso de nuevas herramientas, en especial las redes sociales.
Relato de una travesía implicada: «entre el optimismo de la voluntad y el pesimismo de la razón»
Authors: Pereira González José Miguel
Published: July 2018

El presente artículo constituye la sistematización de una experiencia formativa sobre metodologías implicativas de investigación social. En tal sentido, se podría interpretar como el relato de la experiencia vivida; un relato de los sentidos, un punto de vista de los múltiples sentidos que se hubiesen podido construir desde la experiencia del seminario-taller como apuesta pedagógica generadora de diálogo de saberes, saberes sobre eso que apasiona a todos los participantes en ese proceso de formación: la investigación implicada, articulada con los procesos de comunicación y cambio social.
Cuantificación y caracterización de los residuos sólidos ordinarios de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, dispuestos en rellenos sanitarios
Authors: Rojas-Vargas Julián , Bogantes Joseline
Published: July 2018

El estudio de composición de residuos ordinarios enviados al relleno sanitario pretende determinar las tasas de generación y los tipos de residuos dispuestos en rellenos sanitarios generados en la UNA, con el fin de sensibilizar a la población universitaria para contribuir en la gestión responsable e integral de los residuos sólidos, disminuyendo la disposición de estos en depósitos sanitarios. Con dicho afán, se utilizó una metodología de muestreo, tomando la totalidad de la puesta por dos días completos, con unos 23 puntos de muestreo en total. Dicho estudio se realizó con un equipo de estudiantes de tercer año de la carrera de Gestión Ambiental. Se encontró que los principales residuos generados son los orgánicos, con un potencial de aprovechamiento del 100 % para el 2015 (Garita y Rojas, 2015a); un promedio del 60 % de los residuos puede ser valorizado o aprovechado como materia prima en una gestión integral, un dato mucho menor al porcentaje, en el nivel nacional, de 93,6 % (Paniagua, Giraldo y Castro, 2011).
Drinking or Smoking While Breastfeeding and Later Cognition in Children
Authors: Gibson Louisa , Porter Melanie
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Although prenatal alcohol and nicotine exposure are associated with reduced cognition in children, associations between consumption of alcohol during lactation and cognition have not been examined. We aimed to examine whether drinking or smoking while breastfeeding lowers children’s cognitive scores. We hypothesized that increased drinking or smoking would be associated with dose-dependent cognitive reductions.

METHODS:

Data were sourced from Growing Up in Australia: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. Participants were 5107 Australian infants recruited in 2004 and assessed every 2 years. Multivariable linear regression analyses assessed relationships between drinking and smoking habits of breastfeeding mothers and children’s Matrix Reasoning, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test–Third Edition and Who Am I? scores at later waves.

RESULTS:

Increased or riskier wave 1 maternal alcohol consumption was associated with reductions in Matrix Reasoning scores at age 6 to 7 years in children who had been breastfed (B = −0.11; SE = 0.03; 95% confidence interval: −0.18 to −0.04; P = .01). This relationship was not evident in infants who had never breastfed (B = −0.02; SE = 0.10; 95% confidence interval = −0.20 to 0.17; P = .87). Smoking during lactation was not associated with any outcome variable.

CONCLUSIONS:

Exposing infants to alcohol through breastmilk may cause dose-dependent reductions in their cognitive abilities. This reduction was observed at age 6 to 7 years but was not sustained at age 10 to 11 years. Although the relationship is small, it may be clinically significant when mothers consume alcohol regularly or binge drink. Further analyses will assess relationships between alcohol consumption or tobacco smoking during lactation and academic, developmental, physical, and behavioral outcomes in children.
Transitory effects of personality on employee turnover
Authors: Bartolec Igor
Published: July 2018

Purpose – examining transitory effects of extraversion and openness to experience on employee turnover.

Design/Method/Approach. Fully observed recursive mixed process model.

Findings. Results show that (i) extraversion positively predicts turnover and that (ii) openness does not predict turnover. Moreover, comparing size effects between studies reveals that only extraversion has significantly more positive effect on employee turnover, which is in contradiction with previous meta-analysis.

Theoretical implications. This research identifies a plausible boundary condition – national culture – in examining how a person’s personality impact employee turnover in organizations. It highlights the shortcomings of previous meta-analysis that failed to incorporate differences in societal values and business contexts and identifies.

Practical implications. In studying cultural contexts and value congruencies, this study contributes to the international human resources literature by identifying boundary conditions that explain how personality impacts employee turnover.

Originality/Value. This study is the first to analyze the effects of personality on turnover using a within-individual unfolding and holistic model.

Research limitations/Future research. The current study incorporates only a sample from a single country. Future research that analyzes the moderating effects of societal and business values in cross-national samples could corroborate and extend on the findings from this study.

Paper type – empirical.
Process innovation: requirements and opportunities
Authors: Köhne H.-L. , Sawyer A.
Published: July 2018

Purpose. The purpose is to assemble the list of the most important requirements and opportunities of process innovation through the analysis of the main and most recent scholarly developments related to the study of process innovation.

Design/Method/Approach. Systematic literature review.

Theoretical implications. In outlining the requirements and opportunities of process innovation, this article builds a foundation for understanding process innovation and an introduction to terms and ideas related to process innovation. From such foundation, scholars can further develop the study of process innovation and the understanding of the main factors that contribute to its success.

Practical implication. Process innovation is linked to a high failure rate (between 50% - 80%), which acts as a deterrent for many managers and companies. Through understanding the requirements and opportunities of process innovation, managers can intelligently decide whether it is best for their company to pursue or avoid process innovation.

Originality/Value. Articles have shared, in small parts, the requirements and opportunities of process innovation, but this article is original due its listing of the most important requirements and opportunities of process innovation.

Research limitations/Future research. This article shares the requirements and opportunities of process innovation, but it does not rank or list either the requirements or opportunities based on their importance to process innovation. Additionally, this article does not quantitatively assess the requirements and opportunities importance to process innovation. Future research can rank the requirements and opportunities of process innovation based on their contribution to the success and/or failure of process innovation within a firm or an industry.

 Paper type – conceptual.
200 años: Principios de Economía Política y Tributación (1817-2017)
Authors: Maya Muñoz Guillermo
Published: July 2018

El renombrado profesor de la Universidad de Columbia (NY), y economista indio Jagdish Bhagwati, cuyo país perdió a manos del colonialismo inglés, con medios poco convencionales, la primacía en la producción de textiles (Parthasarathi, 2011; Alavi, 1982), cuando Inglaterra apenas estaba incursionado en esta clase de productos, afirmó desde su pedestal: “Solamente los neandertales entre los economistas militan contra el libre comercio” (1998: 8).
Función de los confórmeros de ataque cercano en la acilación enantioselectiva del (R,S)-propranolol catalizada por lipasa B de Candida antarctica
Authors: Barrera Valderrama Daniel Iván , Doerr Markus , Daza Espinosa Martha Cecilia
Published: July 2018

La lipasa B de Candida antarctica (CalB) se ha utilizado en la acilación quimio- y enantioselectiva del racemato (R,S)-propranolol. CalB tiene enantioselectividad moderada (E=63) por el R-propranolol. La enantioselectividad, se origina en la reacción de transferencia del grupo acilo desde la serina catalítica, acilada, al propranolol. La fase inicial de esta reacción involucra la formación de complejos de Michaelis y posteriormente conformaciones de ataque cercano. El análisis de las conformaciones de ataque cercano ha permitido en varios casos explicar el origen de la catálisis o reproducir el efecto catalítico. En este trabajo se profundiza en la comprensión la función de las conformaciones de ataque cercano en la enantioselectividad de la acilación del (R,S)-propranolol catalizada por CalB. Para lo anterior se realizó un estudio detallado de los complejos de Michaelis y de las conformaciones de ataque cercano del paso enantioselectivo de la reacción de acilación del (R,S)-propranolol utilizando un protocolo de dinámica molecular QM/MM (SCCDFTB/CHARMM) utilizando 6 distribuciones de velocidades iniciales y simulaciones de 2,5 ns. Se estudiaron 7 complejos CalB-propranolol. Los enlaces de hidrógeno del sitio activo de CalB acilada relevantes para la actividad catalítica fueron estables en todas las simulaciones. Las poblaciones de los complejos de Michaelis y de las conformaciones de ataque cercano son dependientes de la distribución de las velocidades iniciales de la dinámica molecular. La enantioselectividad moderada de CalB acilada, encontrada experimentalmente, puede ser parcialmente atribuida a la alta población de conformaciones de ataque cercano observada para el S-propranolol.
O altersense do haicai
Authors: Fernandes Ana , Queiroz João
Published: July 2018

O haicai tem sido alvo de uma enorme quantidade de análises. De Barthes a Leminski, de Haroldo de Campos a Octavio Paz, para mencionar apenas alguns dos mais conhecidos, as análises se concentram na forma justa e densamente estruturada do poema e na brevidade do acontecimento representado. Trata-se de uma ideia que já foi muito explorada, e da qual extraímos novas consequências. Em nossa descrição, baseada na faneroscopia de Charles S. Peirce, o haicai não é o signo de um acontecimento, mas do altersense do haijin, que é a “consciência de um presente diretamente outro, ou segundo” (CP 7.551) do poeta. De acordo com essa abordagem, o haicai é um signo, ao mesmo tempo icônico e indexical, que representa um “departamento da ação mental” (CP 7.539).
Los horizontes epistemológicos de la biografía
Authors: Caballé Anna
Published: July 2018

El artículo reflexiona sobre los patrones de la objetividad en los que se mueve laescritura biográfica contemporánea. Apoyándose en Thomas Khun distingue entre aquellos construidos a partir del conocimiento directo del biografiado de los que parten de una aproximación indirecta, bien por la falta de sincronía en los tiempos de biógrafo y biografiado, bien porque se parte de una voluntad previa de distanciamiento. De las condiciones generales el artículo pasa a reflexionar sobre la evolución de la biografía en España y sus condiciones de evolución hasta el presente.***Os horizontes epistemológicos da biografia***O artigo reflete sobre os padrões de objetividade nos quais se move a escrita biografia contemporânea. Apoiando-se em Thomas Khun, distingue os padrões construídos a partir do conhecimento direto do biografado daqueles que partem de uma aproximação indireta, seja por falta de sincronia entre os tempos do biógrafo e do biografado, seja porque parte de uma vontade prévia de distanciamento. Das condições gerais, o artigo passa a refletir sobre a evolução da biografia na Espanha e suas condições de evolução até o presente.
“God save the Queen”. Consideraciones en torno a la biografía en Gran Bretaña
Authors: González María Jesús
Published: July 2018

Durante mucho tiempo la biografía producida en Gran Bretaña ha constituidouna referencia internacional. Se ha convertido en el modelo que ha inspirado el estilo y la metodología de una buena parte de profesionales de otros países. Pero además ha trascendido sus fronteras, al ocuparse exitosamente los biógrafos británicos de las biografías de personajes señeros de otras diversas nacionalidades. En estas páginas se repasará muy someramente la evolución del género desde el siglo XVIII hasta la actualidad, abordando cuestiones como: sus fluctuaciones internas, algunos de sus hitos y autores fundamentales, su relación con el mundo académico, su institucionalización a partir del denominado giro biográfico, el contexto cultural en que se asienta y, finalmente, algunos de los problemas o retos que ha afrontado en los últimos años: entre ellos su presunta crisis, la relación de competencia o convivencia con las nuevas teorías y perspectivas de Life-Writing o su posición frente a nuevos focos internacionales de investigación y producción biográfica.***“God save the Queen”. Consideracões em torno da biografia na Grã-Bretanha***Durante muito tempo, a biografia produzida na Grã-Bretanha constituiu-se uma referência internacional. Converteu-se no modelo que inspirou o estilo e a metodologia para boa parte de profissionais de outros países. Além disso, os biógrafos britânicos transcenderam suas fronteiras, ao se ocuparem, com êxito, das biografias de personagens solitárias de nacionalidades diferentes. Nessas páginas, será repassada muito sumariamente a evolução do gênero, desde o século XVIII até a atualidade, abordando questões como: suas flutuações internas, alguns de seus marcos e autores fundamentais, sua relação com o mundo acadêmico, sua institucionalização a partir do denominado giro biográfico, o contexto cultural em que se assenta e, finalmente, alguns dos problemas e desafios que vem enfrentando nos últimos anos: entre eles, sua presumida crise, a relação de competência ou convivência com as novas teorias e perspectivas de Life-Writing ou sua posição frente a novos focos internacionais de investigação e produção biográficas.
Aplikasi pupuk organik limbah rumah potong hewan untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan produktivitas padi
Authors: Suhardjadinata Suhardjadinata , Pangesti Dwi , Tedjaningsih Tenten
Published: July 2018

Limbah Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) berpotensi digunakan sebagai pupuk organik. Teknologi yang dapat direkomendasikan untuk pemanfaatan limbah Rumah Potong Hewan adalah pengomposan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pupuk organik limbah RPH terhadap kesuburan tanah dan produktivitas padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Siliwangi Tasikmalaya dari Mei sampai September 2017.  Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan acak kelompok 10 taraf perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Perlakuan kombinasi dosis N,P, K dan pupuk organik (PO), yaitu: A= Dosis N,P,K; B= dosis N,P,K + 2,5 t ha-1 PO; C=Dosis N,P,K + 5 t ha-1 PO; D= Dosis N,P,K + 7,5 t ha-1 PO; E= ¾ dosis N,P,K   + 2,5 t ha-1 PO; F= ¾ dosis N,P,K + 5,0 t ha-1 PO; G= ¾ dosis N,P,K + 7,5 t ha-1 PO; H= ½ dosis N,P,K + 2,5 t ha-1 PO; I= ½ dosis N,P,K + 5,0 t ha-1 PO;  J= ½ dosis N,P,K + 7,5 t ha-1 PO. Dosis rekomendasi N, P dan K:  urea 300  kg ha-1, SP 36 150  kg ha-1, dan KCl 100 kg ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk organik 2,5 t ha-1 dan ¾ dosis N, P dan K menghasilkan gabah lebih tinggi dan meningkatkan kesuburan tanah. Slaughterhouse waste is potential to be used as organic fertilizer. The technology recommended for the usage of slaughterhouse waste is composting. This research was aimed to study effect of organic fertilizer slaughterhouse waste on soil fertility and rice productivity. The research was conducted in the experiment site of Agricultural Faculty, Universitas Siliwangi Tasikmalaya from May to September 2017. Randomized block design was used with ten level treatments and replicated three times. The treatment was combination dosage N,P, K and organic fertilizer (OF), namely : A= (N,P,K recommendation dose), B= (N,P,K dose + 2.5 t ha-1 OF), C= (N,P,K dose + 5 t ha-1 OF), D= (N,P,K dose + 7.5 t ha-1 OF), E= (3/4 dose of N,P,K + 2.5 t ha-1 OF), F= (3/4 dose of N,P,K + 5 t ha-1 OF), G= (3/4 dose of N,P,K + 7.5 t ha-1 OF), H=(1/2 dose of N,P,K + 2.5 t ha-1 OF), I= (1/2 dose of N,P,K + 5 t ha-1 OF), J= ( ½ dose of N,P,K + 7.5 t ha-1 OF). The recommendation dose of N, P and K, respectively: urea 300 kg ha-1, SP 36 150 kg ha-1, and KCl 100 kg ha-1. The results showed application organic fertilizer 2,5 t ha-1 dan ¾ dose of N, P, K fertilizer increased yields grain higher and improve soil fertility.
A Didática no Brasil: trajetória histórica e desafios à luz da Didática do século XVII.
Authors: Michelli de Castro Rosane , Teixeira Reis Viviane Cássia
Published: July 2018

Neste artigo, abordamos aspectos da trajetória histórica da Didática no Brasil, como campo de conhecimento e como disciplina em cursos de formação de professores e alguns desafios postos à nossa educação básica, à luz das contribuições da Didática do século XVII. A ideia norteadora de Didática enraizada em uma dimensão de ensino transformador, portanto, em sua dimensão social e política, uma visão de homem, de educação, de sociedade e de mundo é um legado do século XVII para a educação e para o ensino, porém, sobretudo no caso brasileiro, ainda carece ser apropriada pelos professores e professoras. Nesse sentido, realizamos nossas pesquisas em escolas de Educação Básica e centradas nas disciplinas ou corpos de saberes considerados propriamente da Didática, em instituições de formação de professores no Brasil, entre 1827 e 2011. Trata-se, portanto, de resultados de pesquisas históricas e bibliográficas, desenvolvidas mediante procedimentos de localização, identificação, recuperação, reunião, seleção, sistematização, análise e interpretação de literatura especializada sobre a Didática no Brasil.
As redes de apoio social das mulheres ribeirinhas da Amazônia: Uma abordagem ecológica.
Authors: Pinto Neuzeli Maria de Almeida , Pontes Fernando Augusto Ramos , Silva Simone Souza da Costa
Published: July 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a estrutura e função das redes de apoio de mulheres ribeirinhas moradoras em Ilhas de Belém-PA. Participaram 12 mulheres de duas comunidades de Ilhas da Belém Insular, Ilha do Combu e Ilha Grande, todas integrantes das associações comunitárias do local. Para avaliar a estrutura e função das redes de apoio social e a percepção dos participantes sobre as mesmas foram utilizados o mapa dos cinco campos (MCC), o inventário sócio demográfico (ISD) e a entrevistada semiestruturada. Constatou-se uma intensa rede de apoio social mantida pelas mulheres presentes em todos os campos estudados. Verificou-se que a existência desta rede permite às mulheres a circulação em vários contextos, bem como a interação entre as pessoas de outros microssistemas de modo adaptado e com equilíbrio nas relações de poder, proporcionando a possibilidade de terem sucesso na execução da atividade da coleta do açaí e na atuação em ações comunitárias.
Citrus sudden death-associated virus (CSDaV) and citrus tristeza virus (CTV) in eleven rootstocks for ‘Valência’ sweet orange
Authors: Fadel André Luiz , Mourão Filho Francisco de Assis Alves , Stuchi Eduardo Sanches , Wulff Nelson Arno , Couto Hilton Thadeu Zarate
Published: July 2018

Abstract Citrus sudden death (CSD) is a highly destructive disease and has caused the eradication of millions of trees in southern Brazil within the last 15 years. In spite of the exact cause of CSD has not been determined, evidences have shown that this disease can be transmitted by biotic vectors. Disease incidence in sweet orange scions is related to the rootstock, and the combination with ‘Rangpur’ lime is the most affected. On the other hand, there are evidences of a relation between CSD affected trees and the presence of the Citrus sudden death associated virus (CSDaV) and/or Citrus tristeza virus (CTV). Based on such information, this study has been carried out to determine the presence of CSDaV and CTV, and the association between each other in eleven rootstocks for ‘Valencia’ sweet orange. The results presented herein showed differences related to the presence of CSDaV and CTV in different rootstocks for ‘Valencia’ sweet orange and no relation between the presence of CSDaV and CTV.
Metástases pulmonares em crianças: estamos operando desnecessariamente?
Authors: Pontes Andrey Kaliff , Botelho Filho Fabio Mendes , Miranda Marcelo Eller , Rodrigues Karla Emília de Sá , Campos Bernardo Almeida , Cruzeiro Paulo Custódio Furtado , Picarro Clecio , Tatsuo Edson Samesima , Marinho Diogo Ramalho Tavares , Lazaroni Thiago Luiz do Nascimento , Viana Renan Farias Rolim , Paixão Ricardo de Mattos
Published: July 2018

RESUMO Objetivo: determinar, em pacientes pediátricos portadores de neoplasias malignas, as características de nódulos pulmonares identificados à tomografia computadorizada, capazes de diferenciar nódulos benignos de metástases. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo de pacientes submetidos a ressecções pulmonares de nódulos diagnosticados como metástases em um período de sete anos. Achados de tomografia e da cirurgia, assim como resultados dos exames anatomopatológicos foram comparados. Resultados: nove pacientes, submetidos a 11 intervenções cirúrgicas, foram estudados. Entre as variáveis estudadas, apenas o tamanho do nódulo, maior do que 12,5mm provou ser estatisticamente significante para predizer malignidade. Conclusão: esse estudo sugere que, entre as características tomográficas de nódulos pulmonares de crianças portadoras de neoplasias malignas, apenas o tamanho da lesão foi preditor de malignidade.
Elaboração de protocolo de condutas em traqueostomias no hospital referência de tratamento do câncer do Amazonas
Authors: Soares Maria Carolina Coutinho Xavier , Westphal Fernando Luiz , Lima Luiz Carlos de , Medeiros Jefferson Moreira
Published: July 2018

RESUMO Objetivo: criar um manual de rotina multidisciplinar de condutas em traqueostomias para pacientes adultos e pediátricos da Fundação Centro de Controle de Oncologia do Estado do Amazonas. Métodos: o protocolo foi desenvolvido por meio do método Delphi modificado, que consistiu na aplicação de duas séries de questionários a 20 profissionais da unidade. Resultados: treze profissionais concluíram as duas etapas. Na primeira etapa, 53 de 92 questões apresentadas obtiveram consenso (57,6%). Estas sentenças que obtiveram consenso formaram o texto da segunda etapa, que foi dividido em oito capítulos que foram avaliados por meio da marcação de respostas oferecidas em uma escala Linkert. Todos os capítulos apresentados na segunda etapa obtiveram consenso, significando que a soma das respostas concordo e concordo plenamente foram todas acima de 70%. Conclusão: utilizando os dados obtidos no consenso, foi elaborado um protocolo de condutas em traqueostomias e um manual de orientações de cuidados para os pacientes e seus cuidadores.