bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Take the Mask Off”
Authors: Paul Young
Published: November 2020

On March 10, 1895, a young woman named Maud Clark wrote a letter to writer, performer, and activist Paul Laurence Dunbar in which she told him to “take the mask off.” This article takes this phrase as its analytical point of departure, seeking to reconceptualise, retheorise, and reinvestigate Dunbar’s biography through Clark’s words and the symbol of the mask. Repositioning Dunbar’s biography within the political, aesthetic, and psychological realities of his world, the article takes the symbol of Paul Laurence Dunbar in new directions, recognising the limitations of traditional biography and instead working toward a new and multifarious understanding of the man and his many masks.
The Escape from Life to Truth
Authors: Kiefer Holland
Published: November 2020

Whilst The Life of Josiah Henson (1849), the first autobiography of the formerly enslaved founder of the Dawn Settlement in Canada, declares that it was recorded by a white amanuensis, the second, Truth Stranger than Fiction (1858), lists no author except Henson. Despite Truth’s lack of a proclaimed amanuensis, the authorship of the text has become contested ground, with the critical consensus appearing to be that Truth, like Life, was written by a white amanuensis. As an intervention in this debate, this article performs a comparative literary analysis on Life and Truth to consider what the differences between them can teach us about the authorship of Truth
Monuments to the Impossible
Authors: Esther Lezra
Published: November 2020

What tools do cultural interventions offer us to face and speak back to the horrors of a colonial archive that continues to grow and expand in its mechanisms of dehumanizing and silencing the populations it targets? How do we respond to a horizon of reality that seems surreal? What weapons do we have left to fight or speak back when we know that the walking and living archive—officers, policymakers, schoolteachers, corporate investors, and the people successfully disciplined by them—denies the lives of the people who tirelessly labor for it? Facts, research, and logical argument barely hold up against the almost surreal arsenal of deliberately woven lies and institutional racism we face. This article briefly analyzes three discrete responses linked by unfathomable horror, beauty, and anger (a song, a cry of rage, and a sacrificial act of self-assertion) to the horrors of anti-Black brutality.
Our Beautiful and Beloved “Whole-Souled Friend”
Authors: Celeste-Marie Bernier
Published: November 2020

Eric Lowery was a social justice campaigner, an equal-rights activist, and a visionary leader. In his life and life’s work, he lived as the embodiment of the ideal reformer, the beautiful individual who was dedicated to securing all social and political liberties—the inspirational individual whom Frederick Douglass always recognized and embraced as a “whole-souled friend.” As it was for Frederick Douglass, so it was for Eric Lowery: there was never any room for halfness. Across past, present, and future generations, Lowery joined Douglass in counseling us all to “work together” from all the “different sectors of life” and with our “whole souls” to see, to feel, and to understand the “need to improve our quality of life through the activities we do together.”
Network Pharmacology-Based Study of Active Ingredients and Mechanisms of Compound Xuanju for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Meng Fuxue , Tao Xiaomai , Li Longkuan , Yang Xin
Published: November 2020

Objective: Compound Xuanju has good effects in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but its composition is complex, and its active ingredients and mechanism have not been fully defined. In this study, the active ingredients and mechanism of compound Xuanju for the treatment of RA were explored through network pharmacological methods. Methods: TCMSP and TCMID, Pubmed, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were used to screen, select active pharmaceutical ingredients and targets; Drugbank disease target screening database, GeneCards database, Therapeutic The Target Database (TTD) database and DisGeNET database were used to collect RA  targets, and OmicShare was used to screen compound Xuanju and RA for common targets and construct a Venn diagram. A protein target database String was used to construct a common target interaction network. OmicShare mapping software builds a "drug-active ingredient-target" network and analyzes their associations. DAVID online software performs gene annotation (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis on key targets. Results: A total of 73 effective ingredients of compound Xuanju were obtained, and corresponding to 229 targets; 2337 targets for RA. 155 key targets for potential active ingredients of compound Xuanju predicted therapeutic effect of RA, the key targets map 55 active ingredients of compound Xuanju capsules. These targets mainly involve signaling pathways such as Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway acting on RA. Conclusion: Compound Xuanju may via its potential 55 active ingredients act on 155 targets to treat RA through Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway. This study lays the theoretical basis for the widespread application of compound Xuanju in clinical practice.
Benign Familial Fleck Retina
Authors: Sangoram Rohini , Karambelkar V. H. , Paranjpe Gaurav
Published: November 2020

Familial fleck retina is a rare inherited retinal disease. Sabel Aish & Dajani (1980) first reported ocular findings in seven of 10 siblings in one Arab family. It is an autosomal-recessive condition associated with a distinctive retinal appearance and no apparent visual or electrophysiological deficits . Affected individuals  are asymptomatic  with a large number of yellow−white flecks of variable size and shape in the midperipheral to far peripheral retina, but did not have any ocular complaints such as loss of visual acuity (VA), impaired visual fields and dark adaptation disturbances. Fluorescein angiograms documented an irregular and spotty hyperfluorescence throughout the retina (sparing the macula). This report discusses a case of  22 year old female of both eye Benign familial fleck retina.
Role of No Hydro Phacoemulsification Technique in Management of Posterior Polar Cataract
Authors: Paranjpe Dr. Gaurav , Sangoram Dr. Rohini , Damle Dr. Devika
Published: November 2020

Posterior polar cataracts (PPC) have always been a challenge for cataract surgeons due to their inherently higher propensity for posterior capsule rupture. Over the years, several technical modifications in cataract surgery  have been suggested to enhance safety and reduce the percentage of  posterior capsule rupture rates in these posterior  polar cataracts. This retrospective study  tries to present  the role and  complications of no hydro phacoemulsification technique in management of posterior polar cataract.

Aim: To evaluate the role of prehydro phacoemulsification and partial depth phacoemulsification with hydrodelineation in posterior polar cataract (PPC).

Method: Medical records of 100 patients with clinical diagnosis of PPC, who underwent pre hydro phacoemulsification and partial depth phacoemulsification with hydrodelineation, were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: The incidence of posterior capsule rupture (PCR) was 8% (8/100): 4 cases occurred during epinucleus removal, 3 cases occurred during IOL implantation, and 1 occurred during OVD removal after the implantation of the intraocular lens into the bag. No nucleus piece or lens materials dropped into the vitreous during cataract surgery, and no obvious postoperative complications were found during follow-up. All patients had improved best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 1 month postoperatively.

Conclusion: Pre hydro phacoemulsification and partial depth phacoemulsification with hydrodelineation help to reduce the incidence of PCR and achieve satisfactory postoperative outcomes.
Pregnancy & Oral Health and Dental Management in Pregnant Patient
Authors: Thakur Dr. Vishal , Thakur Dr. Reetika , Kaur Dr. Manpreet , Kaur Dr. Jasleen , Kumar Dr. Atul , Virdi Dr. Dhruv , Jassal Dr. Supriya
Published: November 2020

Pregnancy is a unique, exciting time in a woman's life, and there are so many changes going on in human body during pregnancy and mouth is no exception , so good oral hygiene is extremely important during pregnancy . Usually oral health is often the most neglected form of health during all stages of life & the most important cause for this neglection is lack of awareness among people & this problems also increases when a lady is pregnant because of mis-perceptions and mis-leading information in the society or due to lack of knowledge. But the fact is during pregnancy many complex physiologic changes occur in the women’s body, which can adversely affect oral health and in turn those oral health problems may lead to pregnancy outcomes like preterm birth or low birth weight. Proper oral care is of utmost importance during pregnancy to avoid these complications. Avoiding foods that may cause oral problems, proper brushing and flossing and having dental consultations on a regular basis are steps to ensure good oral health during pregnancy.
Serological screening for Coxiella burnetii in the context of early pregnancy loss in dairy cows
Authors: Dobos Attila , Gábor György , Wehmann Enikő , Dénes Béla , Póth-Szebenyi Bettina , Kovács Áron B. , Gyuranecz Miklós
Published: November 2020

Q fever is one of the commonest infectious diseases worldwide. A Coxiella burnetii prevalence of 97.6% has been found by ELISA and PCR tests of the bulk tank milk in dairy cattle farms of Hungary. The herd- and individual-level seroprevalence rates of C. burnetii in the examined dairy cows and farms have dramatically increased over the past ten years. Three high-producing industrial dairy farms were studied which had previously been found ELISA and PCR positive for C. burnetii by bulk tank milk testing. Coxiella burnetii was detected in 52% of the 321 cows tested by ELISA. Pregnancy loss was detected in 18% of the cows between days 29–35 and days 60–70 of gestation. The study found a higher seropositivity rate (80.5%) in the cows that had lost their pregnancy and a seropositivity of 94.4% in the first-bred cows that had lost their pregnancy at an early stage. The ELISA-positive pregnant and aborted cows were further investigated by the complement fixation test (CFT). In dairy herds an average of 66.6% individual seropositivity was detected by the CFT (Phase II) in previously ELISA-positive animals that had lost their pregnancy and 64.5% in the pregnant animals. A higher (Phase I) seropositivity rate (50.0%) was found in the cows with pregnancy loss than in the pregnant animals (38.5%). The high prevalence of C. burnetii in dairy farms is a major risk factor related to pregnancy loss.
Retrograde flushing collection and freezing of dromedary camel epididymal spermatozoa with seminal plasma
Authors: Monaco Davide , Batista Miguel , Amann Olga , Padalino Barbara , Pieters Wouter , Morelli Mariacristina , Accogli Gianluca , Desantis Salvatore , Lacalandra Giovanni Michele
Published: November 2020

The objectives of this study were to describe the parameters of dromedary camel epididymal spermatozoa collected by retrograde flushing (RF) technique and to evaluate the freezability of the collected sperm, diluted with and without the supplementation of seminal plasma (SP). Two experiments were conducted: in Experiment 1, ES were recovered within 6–8 h after castration; selected samples were diluted with a Tris-citrate egg-yolk glycerolated buffer and frozen. In Experiment 2, epididymides were stored for 24 h at 4 °C before RF and semen samples were frozen after dilution with a Tris-lactose egg-yolk glycerolated extender with and without 15% SP. In Experiment 1, eight semen samples were obtained from ten epididymides with a mean of 500 × 106 total spermatozoa recovered, per flushed epididymis. Mean post-thaw motility and progressive motility were 75 and 17%, respectively. In Experiment 2, 15 samples were collected, out of the 18 epididymides (mean number of collected spermatozoa: 700 × 106), and 13 of these samples were of excellent quality. Post-thaw parameters were not satisfactory but the supplementation of the freezing medium with 15% SP improved the progressive motility and kinematic parameters of the spermatozoa.
Introducing the Chinese Name-taboo Method Gaijian An expansion of recent work by Dou Huaiyong
Authors: Jianqiang Sun
Published: November 2020

The present paper represents the first attempt to expand Dou Huaiyong’s recent contributions to the field of the Chinese name-taboo practice or bihui 避諱. Exclusively dealing with gaixing 改形 (modify the shape), a taboo method recognized only by Dou Huaiyong, the paper delves into his use of the term gaixing and a group of orthographies that might overthrow the recognition. Although it abandons the term gaixing and promotes a new phrase gaijian 改件 (modify the components), the paper finds Dou Houiyong’s core conclusion agreeable, taking gaijian as a taboo method that appeared in the year 658 by analyzing 500 stones carved between 618 and 663. While doing so, this paper introduces for the first time gaijian to the English scholarship, proposing to re-examine how the Chinese name-taboo practice developed in the early Tang dynasty.
Further fragments of the Commentary on the Yuanjue jing in Old Uigur from Dunhuang
Authors: Tieshan Zhang , Zieme Peter
Published: November 2020

In this paper the authors edit two Old Uigur fragments that recently became accessible from Dunhuang. Both are parts of the unknown commentary on the Yuanjue jing of which already some other remnants were edited.
The Story of Shunzi in Old Uyghur
Authors: Kōichi Kitsudō , Galambos Imre
Published: November 2020

This paper identifies three manuscript fragments from Turfan as an Old Uyghur version of the story of Shunzi 舜子, a medieval Chinese narrative about Emperor Shun acting as a filial son. In China, the story was part of the lore of filial sons (xiaozi 孝子), popular throughout most of the dynastic period. Early versions of the Chinese story survive in Japan and Dunhuang, and these display obvious parallels with the Uyghur text. While this allows a positive identification of the content of the three Turfan fragments, the differences reveal that none of the known Chinese versions could have served as the source text for the translation. The Old Uyghur version, therefore, represents an otherwise unattested version of the story, which may have developed among the Uyghurs.
Development of positive psychological capital at a Roma Student College
Authors: Varga Aranka , Trendl Fanni , Vitéz Kitti
Published: November 2020

The aim of our study is to present different kinds of obstacles that hindered the successful educational progress of our Roma university student interviewees from disadvantaged backgrounds. The theme is equality and equity, which is examined in the context of inclusion, empowerment, resilience and intersectionality (Varga, 2017), and to investigate their effect on positive power of performance, the positive psychological capital. Our research sample consists of the community members of the diverse Roma Student College of Pécs. The studied university students are considered resilient (Masten, Herbers, Cutuli, & Lafavor, 2008), as they have overcome the hardships of their family background and learn in higher education. Our study gives an analysis of 27 life-path interviews conducted in 2017. In these life-path interviews, we have found the external sources of resilience: supportive families, models of friends and siblings, and teachers' support as well. The intrinsic changes of personality have been prominent in the narratives, which could often balance out the negative effects with the positive psychological capital. The “building blocks” of this capital (Luthans et al., 2007) can be detected at common points in walk of life interviews, such as positive self-image, motivation, goal-orientation, and conscious planning. The positive role of the Roma Student College community appeared in their narratives as a strikingly relevant factor, from which we can assume that the shared development of different “capital types” results in investments in the interiorization process of individual members.
The role of inhibitory control and decision-making in the course of Internet gaming disorder
Authors: Kräplin Anja , Scherbaum Stefan , Kraft Eva-Maria , Rehbein Florian , Bühringer Gerhard , Goschke Thomas , Mößle Thomas
Published: November 2020

Background and aims

Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is associated with impaired inhibitory control and more impulsive decision-making. However, it remains unclear whether these associations are cross-sectional or predictive. We aimed to test the hypotheses that lower inhibitory control and more impulsive decision-making correlate with, are predicted by and predict more time spent on gaming and higher IGD severity.

Methods

A stratified convenience sample of 70 male participants (18–21 years) was recruited to achieve broad data variability for hours spent on gaming and IGD severity. In three annual assessments (T1, T2, T3), we measured gaming behaviour and IGD severity using the Video Game Dependency Scale (CSAS-II). Both gaming-related measures were correlates (T1), predictors (T2), or outcomes (T3) of inhibitory control and decision making, which were assessed at T2 using a go/no-go task and an intertemporal-choice task, respectively.

Results

Higher IGD severity at T1 predicted more impulsive decision-making at T2 (β = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.14–0.76). Lower inhibitory control at T2 predicted more hours spent on gaming at T3 (β = −0.13, 95% CI = −0.25 to −0.02). We found weak or no evidence for the other associations.

Discussion and conclusions

Lower inhibitory control predicts more time spent gaming, possibly due to insufficient top-down regulation of the behaviour. Impulsive decision-making is rather a consequence of IGD than a predictor, which may be due to altered reward learning. One-dimensional etiological assumptions about the relationship between neurocognitive impairments and IGD seem not to be appropriate for the complexity of the disorder.
Different cultures, similar daydream addiction? An examination of the cross-cultural measurement equivalence of the Maladaptive Daydreaming Scale
Authors: Soffer-Dudek Nirit , Somer Eli , Abu-Rayya Hisham M. , Metin Barış , Schimmenti Adriano
Published: November 2020

Background and aims

Maladaptive Daydreaming (MD) is a proposed mental disorder, in which absorption in rich, narrative fantasy becomes addictive and compulsive, resulting in emotional, social, vocational, or academic dysfunction. Most studies on MD were carried out on aggregated international samples, using translated versions of the Maladaptive Daydreaming Scale (MDS-16). However, it is unknown whether the properties of MD are affected by culture. Thus, we investigated the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the MDS-16.

Methods

We recruited both individuals self-identified as suffering from MD and non-clinical community participants from four countries: the USA, Italy, Turkey, and the UK (N = 1,081).

Results

Configural invariance was shown, suggesting that the hypothesized four-factor structure of the MDS-16 (including Yearning, Impairment, Kinesthesia, and Music) holds across cultures. Metric invariance was shown for Impairment, Kinesthesia, and Music, but not for Yearning, suggesting that the psychological meaning of the latter factor may be understood differently across cultures. Scalar invariance was not found, as MD levels were higher in the USA and UK, probably due to the over-representation of English-speaking members of MD communities, who volunteered for the study.

Discussion and conclusions

We conclude that the urge to be absorbed in daydreaming and the fantasies’ comforting and addictive properties may have different meanings across countries, but the interference of MD to one’s daily life and its obstruction of long-term goals may be the central defining factor of MD.
The evolution of European bailout arrangements and its impact on sovereign bond yields in the aftermath of the euro crisis
Authors: Boros Eszter , Sztanó Gábor
Published: November 2020

The 2010–2012 euro crisis prompted a wave of institutional reforms in the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and one of the most remarkable changes was the creation of a permanent bailout facility for troubled sovereigns. The birth of the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) in 2012 was preceded by harsh debates, reflecting a conflict between a German view of country-level responsibility and French-Italian calls for more risk sharing. These tensions have remained ever since, which was also highlighted by conflicts regarding the ESMs overhaul at the end of 2019. Concerns of Italy then drew attention to the fact that a wide range of issues prevented the community from finalizing the post-crisis structure of the eurozone. This paper focuses on the evolution of the EMU financial assistance framework up until the latest efforts for its reform. We analyse the impact of related policy announcements on changes in sovereign bond yields of Italy, Spain, Portugal and Ireland (i.e. the most vulnerable countries during the euro crisis). Our findings show that news on bailout arrangements significantly contributed to a contemporaneous moderation of periphery bond yields, especially in the case of shorter maturities. This result hints at the role of common facilities in supporting financial stability. To enhance this feature, a ‘package approach’ (i.e. multiple reforms together, as stressed by Italy) may well need to be considered. Such a broad perspective can help strengthen the euro area once the acute threat of the coronavirus pandemic is averted.
Justicia: Una Mirada Marxista
Authors: De León Vargas Georgina
Published: November 2020

Haciendo referencia a Karl Marx en su libro el capital hablaremos que para MARX la lucha de clases no es un juego es un conflicto. Puesto que en manos del proletariado esta la responsabilidad de consolidar empresas haciendo a los ricos más ricos y a los pobres más pobres: aunque los burgueses pagaran por la labor de un trabajador, la sobreexplotación no era un problema para los burgueses porque de igual forma ellos seguirían siendo ricos y otro pobre ocuparía el lugar del otro por igual o menor salario; Como decía Marx “A primera vista, una mercancía parece ser una cosa trivial, de comprensión inmediata. Su análisis demuestra que es un objeto endemoniado, rico en sutilezas metafísicas y reticencias teológicas” (Karl Marx, El capital)
Educación inclusiva en Colombia y la Región del Caribe colombiano: Estrategias para mostrar
Authors: Reales Vega Rosario Joaquín , Berrocal Duran Juan Carlos
Published: November 2020

El presente artículo forma parte de los resultado de un proceso de investigación llevado a cabo por el Grupo de Investigación Andrés Bello de la Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez CURN, cuyo objetivo  general se orientó por mostrar y analizar las estrategias que en Colombia se han diseñado y actualmente se aplican para la Educación  Inclusiva desde la perspectiva socio-jurídica de la  filiación. De manera específica la intención del análisis se concentró en las estrategias de lo que en Colombia se viene desarrollando en materia de inclusión en el sector educativo.  Para tal fin se dispuso de una serie de técnicas de recolección de información y se planteó un diseño metodológico orientado por el método inductivo, con un tipo de investigación que retomó el enfoque de los postulados de la teoría crítica.
Libertades comunicativas, noticias falsas y médios digitales
Authors: Almeida di Giacomo Michael
Published: November 2020

El propósito de este artículo es el estúdio y análisi de los câmbios que se han producido em los médios de comunicación en el contexto del derecho de acceso a las nuevas tecnologias de la información. Por lo tanto, la investigación coniste em estudiar la plataforms em línea utilizadas por los médios de comunicación y los médios independientes, así como las implicaciones que surgen com el uso de plataformas intermediarias em la difusión de noticias falsas y dicursos de ódio. La reunión de la tutela sobre el derecho humano a la comunicación, la base de la legislación nacional basada em la legislación nacional e internacional y los princípios de los vehículos de médio digitales.
La Guardia Nacional mexicana y los riesgos de la militarización de la seguridad pública.
Authors: González Espinosa Rodolfo
Published: November 2020

La seguridad pública en México es uno de los mayores problemas que actualmente enfrenta el país. El gobierno basa su estrategia de seguridad pública en la creación de la Guardia Nacional, un cuerpo de seguridad conformado por militares, pero con mando civil. Este artículo analiza normativamente la política criminal del estado mexicano sobre seguridad pública mediante el uso de la Guardia Nacional.
ANÁLISIS NORMATIVO Y JURISPRUDENCIAL ACERCA DE LOS INCREMENTOS PENSIONALES EN EL RÉGIMEN DE PRIMA MEDIA CON PRESTACIÓN DEFINIDA
Authors: POLO POLO Juan Carlos
Published: November 2020

La presente investigación se realiza con el fin de conocer la naturaleza de los incrementos pensionales creados para aquellos jubilados por vejez e invalidez por medio del Acuerdo N° 224 de 1966 emanado del Consejo Directivo del Instituto Colombiano de Seguros Sociales a través del cual se expidió el Reglamento General del Seguro Social Obligatorio de Invalidez, Vejez y Muerte. Una vez leído los resultados de la presente investigación, el lector tendrá claridad acerca de la vigencia o no de los mismos en el actual sistema pensional que rige a los colombianos y si en criterio de la Jurisprudencia emanada por las altas cortes jurisdiccionales de nuestro país, los mismos se encuentran o no sometidos al fenómeno jurídico de la prescripción.
CONSECUENCIAS JURÍDICO LABORALES DE LA EMPRESA USUARIA, EN LA DECLARATORIA DE EXISTENCIA DEL CONTRATO REALIDAD
Authors: MUSKUS OTERO Carlos Antonio
Published: November 2020

La constitución de Colombia establece en su artículo 53 ciertas prerrogativas a favor de los trabajadores, las cuales garantizan sus derechos en materia laboral, sin embargo, tales estipulaciones son desconocidas en muchas relaciones de trabajo, en especial cuando la misma se materializa a través de la tercerización o intermediación laboral. Entre esa formas de contratación encontramos la figura de la empresa de servicios temporales, visible a partir del artículo 71 de la ley 50 de 1990, la cual permite el suministro de trabajadores en misión para la prestación del servicio a una empresa usuaria. Esa normatividad indica que es la empresa de servicio temporal quien debe asumir el pago de salarios y prestaciones y por ende será siempre su empleador.No obstante a ello, esa responsabilidad en cuanto a las acreencias laborales muchas veces se desplaza a la empresa usuaria, cuando se configurar cualquiera de la hipótesis que plantea el artículo 77 de la ley 50 de 1990. Acaecida tal situación, producto de la realidad sobre la formalidad, la empresa usuaria se convierte en el verdadero empleador y le corresponde asumir el pago de las obligaciones laborales al trabajador.Esta obra ofrece un compendio sobre la responsabilidad de la empresa usuaria dentro de la contratación bajo la figura de la empresa de servicios temporales, su marco legal y las responsabilidades que le asiste en caso de incumplimiento a lo que ilustra la ley 50 de 1990 al declararse la existencia de un contrato realidad.
Propuesta de Instrumento para evaluar la producción científica de las universidades en Centroamérica
Authors: Rodríguez Burgos Karla , Rivas Castillo Cristian
Published: November 2020

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo diseñar un instrumento para medir la producción científica de las universidades en Centroamérica. El contenido del instrumento se diseñó a través de la metodología propuesta por Orantes Pineda (2015), CONACYT (2011), Castro Rodríguez (2017), Rueda-Barrios & Rodenes-Adam (2016), así como Sáenz López & Rodríguez-Burgos (2014), así como de la experiencia de los autores. A partir de un análisis de contenido de estudios previos se diseñó un instrumento cuantitativo denominado Modelo de Evaluación Científica Rodríguez-Burgos & Rivas-Castillo, clasificado desde la teoría y la práctica en dos conceptos, 4 dimensiones, 21 indicadores y conformado por 120 ítems que evalúan el proceso de formación investigadora que reciben los docentes que realizan investigación en las universidades. Por otro lado también mide las habilidades adquiridas y como esto influye en la producción científica de ellos y sus instituciones, el instrumento se divide en dos conceptos procesos de formación y desarrollo de habilidades, los cuales abarcan cuatro dimensiones: capacitación en proyectos, capacitación en publicación y divulgación científica, realización de proyectos y visibilidad científica. La aplicación de este instrumento en Centroamérica permitirá determinar las áreas de oportunidad que tienen los países para aparecer en los rankings internacionales que evalúan la calidad internacional de las universidades
Eficacia simbólica de la ley 1620 del 2013 sobre Sistema de Convivencia Escolar
Authors: Castro Herrera Leonel
Published: November 2020

La Ley 1620 de 2013 creó el Sistema Nacional de Convivencia Escolar y Formación para el ejercicio de los derechos humanos, sexuales y reproductivos,  reglamentada por el Decreto 1965 de esa misma anualidad. Ahora bien, el objeto central de esta disertación es profundizar las problemáticas tan complejas que pretende regular dicha norma, comprender los elementos que componen este sistema político-jurídico, establecer la efectividad de sus objetivos explícitos y analizar la eficacia simbólica de su promulgación.
Aporte de las herramientas moleculares en el desarrollo de productos basados en microorganismos antagonistas, para el control de enfermedades poscosecha
Authors: Soto-Muñoz L. , Teixidó N. , Usall J. , Casals C. , Torres R.
Published: November 2020

En la actualidad, la normativa europea vigente ((UE) No 546/2011) exige una evaluación rigurosa de los riesgos antes de registrar un fungicida biológico como producto fitosanitario para poscosecha de fruta, y antes de su introducción en el mercado. Esta evaluación debe incluir información sobre la capacidad del agente de control biológico (ACB) para colonizar, persistir y propagarse, así como las posibles rutas de dispersión en condiciones habituales de uso. Los métodos moleculares basados en la detección de ácidos nucleicos por medio de la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) pueden ser de gran ayuda para investigadores que trabajan en control biológico. En este trabajo, brevemente se introduce el programa de desarrollo de un ACB, y se presentan ejemplos de cómo las herramientas moleculares han sido utilizadas para generar información valiosa para el registro de un ACB efectivo contra patógenos de poscosecha de fruta.
Высотная мезозональность – вариант орографической зональности ландшафтов центра Русской равнины
Authors: Федотов Сергей Владимирович
Published: November 2020

Цель исследования – провести анализ орографической зональности в центре Европейской России как конкретное выражение высотной дифференциации равнинных ландшафтов. Материалы и методы. Исходными материалами послужили данные полевых ландшафтных исследований на юге зоны смешанных лесов и лесостепья в течение 1990-2020 годов. Основной метод исследования – ландшафтно-аналитический. Результаты и обсуждение. На основе регионального полевого материала раскрывается структура высотных мезозон Придеснинья, Окско-Донской равнины, Средне-русской возвышенности. Каждая мезозона соответствует определенному уровню абсолютных высот – низменно-гидрогенная (125-150 м), высоко-гидрогенная (150-180 м), возвышенно-гидрогенная (180-220 м), возвышенно-денудационная (180-220 м), возвышенно-водораздельная (220-250 м) и холмисто-водораздельная (250-и более м). Заключение. Центр Русской равнины – регион, где орографический вариант зональности представлен разнообразным спектром высотно-ландшафтных мезозон. На возвышенных равнинах спектр мезозон полный – низмено-гидрогенная; высоко-гидрогенная; возвышенно-гидрогенная; возвышенно-денудационная; вершинно-водораздельная и холмисто-водораздельная. На низменных равнинах спектр ландшафтно-высотных мезозон усеченный – низмено-гидрогенная; высоко-гидрогенная и возвышенно-гидрогенная. Особо следует отметить, что граница высотных интервалов между ландшафтно-высотными мезозонами не всегда жестко сохраняется. Допускается скользящий вариант границ между мезозонами при переходе с возвышенных равнин к низменным и наоборот.
Пространственно-временная структура избыточного увлажнения на юго-востоке Западной Сибири в XX и начале XXI века
Authors: Литвинова Ольга Сергеевна
Published: November 2020

Цель: исследовать пространственно-временную структуру избыточного увлажнения на юго-востоке Западной Сибири. Методы и материалы. На основе расчета и анализа индекса атмосферного увлажнения Si по 9 метеостанциям юго-востока Западной Сибири за период с 1950 по 2017 годы, изучена пространственно-временная структура избыточного увлажнения: -2,0 < Si < -1,1 – слабого переувлажнения; -3,0 < Si < -2,1 – переувлажнения средней степени, Si < -3,1 – сильного переувлажнения. В работе проведен регрессионный анализ между избыточным увлажнением и предшествующими условиями тепло и влагообеспеченности текущего и предыдущего года. Анализ линейных трендов позволил определить общую тенденцию изменения индекса Si за май-сентябрь. Результаты и обсуждение. Нормальное увлажнение наблюдается в 50 % случаев. Формирование «влажных периодов» различной степени интенсивности возможно в любом месяце и может продолжаться с мая по сентябрь. В большинстве случаев в исследуемом регионе отмечалось слабое переувлажнение (-2,0 < Si < -1,1). Избыточное увлажнение одновременно бывает в среднем примерно на двух станциях. Повторяемость влажных периодов в ХХI веке уменьшилось в 2-3 раза. Заключение. Наиболее тесная связь формирования избыточного увлажнения получена для августа при дефиците осадков (< 80 % нормы), в сентябре на западе региона и в ноябре – на юго-востоке. За период 1950-2017 годов в августе в южных и юго-восточных районах выявлена тенденция уменьшения повторяемости избыточного увлажнения различной степени интенсивности, что свидетельствует о повышение засушливости территории в теплый период.
Пространственно-высотные закономерности сроков начала весеннего половодья на водотоках бассейна реки Белая
Authors: Миннегалиев Александр Олегович
Published: November 2020

Работа выполнена с целью уточнения пространственно-высотных закономерностей сроков начала половодья с учетом последних лет наблюдений на 73 гидрологических постах территории в бассейне реки Белая. Методы и материалы. Для анализа массивов сроковых характеристик использован алгоритм преобразования дат в числовой формат. Анализ пространственных закономерностей выполнен с использованием инструментария программного комплекса ArcGIS 10.3, выявление высотных закономерностей произведено с использованием метода линейных трендов. Результаты и обсуждения. В выполненных работах выделен ряд закономерностей и составлена картосхема средних многолетних сроков начала весеннего половодья. Установлено, что пространственные закономерности в пределах территории проявляются в смещении на более позднее время дат начала половодья при движении с юга на север и с запада на восток. Интенсивность смещения достигает для широтной составляющей 9 суток, для секторной – 5. Выделенные широтно-секторные закономерности нарушаются влиянием рельефа, в юго-западной части бассейна в пределах отрогов Общего Сырта и в восточной части бассейна в пределах горных сооружений Урала, где выявлено смещение дат на более поздние сроки, а в центре горной зоны выделена выраженная, глубиной 5-8 суток, положительная аномалия сроков начала половодья. Заключение. Полученные выводы согласуются с ранее опубликованными по теме исследования материалами и не противоречат общим представлениям о процессе формирования весеннего половодья. Представленная картосхема может быть использована для предварительных расчетов средней многолетней даты начала половодья.
Оценка современного состояния материально-технической базы морских портов Краснодарского края в сфере пассажирских перевозок
Authors: Филобок Анатолий Анатольевич , Турлучев Антон Павлович
Published: November 2020

Цель. Провести анализ пространственного распределения операторов морских пассажирских терминалов Краснодарского края и показателей их материально-технической базы. Материалы и методы. Исходным материалом для проведения настоящего исследования являются сведения из реестра морских портов Российской Федерации 2018 года, содержащие сведения о материально-технической базе операторов морских терминалов в пределах отдельно взятого морского порта. Применены методы моделирования, системного, статистического и сравнительного анализа, компьютерной обработки и визуализации пространственных данных. Результаты и обсуждение. В границах исследуемой территории, пассажирские перевозки осуществляются 12 операторами, использующими 24 морских пассажирских терминала. Наибольшие значения технической группы показателей, с точки зрения пространственного распределения, сконцентрированы в районах морских портов Сочи и Новороссийск. Распределение производственных показателей, в первую очередь обусловлено спецификой деятельности операторов пассажирских терминалов. Структура организационно-правовых форм операторов морских пассажирских терминалов, включает в себя 2 акционерных общества, 7 обществ с ограниченной ответственностью, 2 филиала Федерального государственного унитарного предприятия «Росморпорт» и 1 индивидуального предпринимателя. Заключение. В настоящее время, материально-техническая база морских портов в сфере пассажирских перевозок представлена 24 терминалами, расположенными в 5 портах Краснодарского края. Операторами пассажирских терминалов являются преимущественно частные компании, организованные в форме обществ с ограниченной ответственностью и акционерных обществ. Пространственное распределение пропускной способности пассажирских терминалов определяется направлением деятельности операторов.
Геоэкологическая характеристика участка реки Малка от города Прохладный до устья
Authors: Шагин Сергей Иванович , Шамарина Марина Анатольевна , Татаренко Николай Викторович
Published: November 2020

Цель: изучить многообразие проявления русловых и пойменных процессов в дельте реки Малка и оценить их воздействие на экосистему, на основе анализа данных из открытых источников и собственных наблюдений составить комплексную характеристику реки Малка, определить ее гидрохимическую характеристику и описать ионно-солевой состав, изучить современное экологическое и физико-географическое состояние экосистемы в районе г. Прохладный. Методы: при выполнении исследования использованы общегеографические методы, а также общепринятые геоботанические и почвенные методы. Полевые гидрометрические работы включали: измерение ширины, глубины, скорости течения, уклона реки. Результаты: осуществлены полевые гидрометрические работы. Определены основные гидрологические и гидрометрические характеристики реки на исследуемом участке. Исследован химический состав аллювиальных отложений на территории исследуемого участка реки. Обнаружено содержание в грунте оксидов железа, титана и алюминия. Исследован химически состав и качество воды реки Малка Установлено, что анализируемая вода соответствует третьему классу качества – умеренно загрязненная. Выводы: В период с 2015 по 2019 годы изучено: физико-географическое состояние участка реки Малка от города Прохладный до устья; состояние экосистемы; процессы изменения содержания водорастворимых солей в почвах под воздействием природных и антропогенных факторов. На основании анализа имеющихся литературных данных и собственных наблюдений установлено, что формирование русловых форм рельефа происходит медленно, под влиянием множества факторов, самыми значимыми из которых являются изменения климата, почв и эволюция самой реки.
Новое практико-ориентированное учебное пособие для экологов
Authors: Корнилов Андрей Геннадьевич
Published: November 2020

Новое практико-ориентированное учебное пособие для экологов
Post-City (III): Co-spatiality Politics and New Mediality
Authors: Zamiatin Dmitri
Published: November 2020

One of the most significant factors influencing the co-spatialities regimes of post-urban communities is the development of new urban media. On the one hand, new urban media symbolizes the complex transition to new post-urban communities and new spatial regimes of their existence; on the other hand, they are the basic element of the newly emerging policies of co-spatialities. From the phenomenological point of view, post-politics is treated as the growing dominance of flat communicative ontologies in post-urban spaces, characterized by the disintegration of the traditional modern methods of communication. A post-urban locality is defined as a medial co-being, centering the next here-and-now cartography of imagination, which can be considered as a post-political action. The de-territorialization of post-urban communities takes place through the “smoothing” of urban spaces, turning them into mostly “smooth spaces” with the help of the new media. Specific local geo-cultures, a new, “rhizomatic” type whose development is based on the post-political transcription of socialization and medialization of urban spaces, are formed. The affectivity of post-urban co-spatialities is manifested in the gradual increase in the number of new specific urban actors that herald the slipping away of traditional state and municipal policies. The post-political can be considered as a sphere of geo-semiotic violence aimed at the over-coding of co-spatial situations. The mapping of co-spatialities reproduces the Earth as a total chora of post-political ontology. The post-city nomos constantly forms a communicative periphery with the missing center, where any message can signal the transactions of imagination aimed at the devaluation of “center–periphery” systems.
Safety, Humanism, and Barbarism: J. S. Mill on the Principle of Non-Intervention
Authors: Kumankov Arseniy , Chaganova Dar'ya
Published: November 2020

The paper considers the Russian translation of the article “A Few Words on Non-Intervention” written by British political philosopher and logician John Stuart Mill, and whose article, published in 1859, transforms the criteria restricting the principle of non-interference. Thus, in the essay “On Freedom”, the rule of non-interference into private life is described, but in “A Few Words on Non-Intervention”, Mill expands the principle to the international level, taking into consideration those situations allowing for intervention. The authors highlight the features of war contemporary to Mill, and articulate his military reflection in connection with the phenomenon of national liberation movements and revolts. They analyze Mill’s question if it is legitimate for one government to somehow intervene in the affairs of another. The logic of just military intervention for Mill in the cases described opens up the possibility for the use of force, but only for the civilized States. The philosopher divides the civilized nations from barbarians, where the latter are characterized as incapable of striving for freedom and therefore needing intervention from civilized countries. In this regard, the logic of the article leads to a strategy of humanitarian war caused by rhetoric of the “responsibility to protect”. The first Russian translation of “A Few Words on Non-Intervention” is proposed as a relevant source for the philosophy of war, raising the issue of sovereignty. It is stated that modern military practice poses the question of humanitarian intervention: is it worth neglecting sovereignty if we face a “scandal to humanity”?
Emergence of the Clerical Corporation in Western Europe (11–13th Centuries) and in Russia (17–18th Centuries)
Authors: Lyutko Eugene
Published: November 2020

Traditional Christian confessions — for example, in Catholicism or in Orthodoxy — in scholarly literature, in modern legislation, or at the level of everyday consciousness, are understood primarily as clerical corporations. This corporate reading of modern Christianity also influences the understanding of the phenomenon of religion itself, as it happens, for example, in the famous essay on the “field of religion” by P. Bourdieu. This reading also determines the perception of Christianity as a historical phenomenon as well, which, within the framework of such a representation, appears as a corporation at every moment of its historical existence. This article argues that a “clerical corporation” is not a form of social organization that was originally inherent in Christianity, but a historical phenomenon that embraces various confessional contexts at different times. In particular, the emergence of a clerical corporation is fixed within the framework of an asynchronous comparative perspective relying on the examples of Western European Catholicism of the 11th — 13th centuries, and Russian Orthodoxy of the 17th — 18th centuries.
Overcoming the Genre System of the “Thick Journal” as a Socio-political Construction: Referring to One Publication by S. Averintsev
Authors: Markov Alexander
Published: November 2020

One of the first publications of religious and philosophical content in the Soviet press was a two-part article by S. S. Averintsev, dedicated to a comparative study of Byzantine, Old Russian, and Western spirituality, with the appendix of a new translation of psalms. The publication of special and methodically-verified arguments in the popular thick magazine was caused by the softening of church-state relations, but the significance of this publication exceeds its thematic side. In this publication, Averintsev undertook a revision of the system of genres and censorship strategies on which the industry of the Soviet thick journal and broader Soviet literature rested. Such a radical rollover of the usual framework for the production of the text was supported by the originality of the translation and by most of the arguments of the article. Some of the reasoning was not directly aimed at individual statements, but at criticizing Soviet literary production. Such a radical project allowed Averintsev to justify his own socio-political program, despite the fact that he did not work in the social sciences. However, a hidden intention against both Soviet journalism and Russian idealistic thought, and the liberal program of Georgy Fedotov in particular, which was blamed as ideologically dependent on the forms of old journalism, allowed Averintsev to develop a series of productive ideas about the political boundaries that could become the basis of the post-Soviet discussion about the mission and liability of the political class.
New Intellectual Biography of Max Weber
Authors: Kil'dyushov Oleg
Published: November 2020

Book review: Gangolf Hübinger, Max Weber: Stationen und Impulse einer intellektuellen Biographie (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2019).