bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case report: EWSR1-TFCP2 in an adolescent represents an extremely rare and aggressive form of intraosseous spindle cell rhabdomyosarcomas
Authors: Panferova Agnesa V. , Sinichenkova Kseniya Yu. , Abu Jabal Meriam , Usman Natalia Yu. , Sharlai Anastasya S. , Roshchin Vitalii Yu. , Konovalov Dmitry M. , Druy Alexander E.
Published: June 2022

The World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone subdivides rhabdomyosarcomas (RMSs) into alveolar, embryonal, pleomorphic, and spindle cell RMSs. Advances in molecular genetic diagnostics have made it possible to identify new RMS subgroups within traditional morphological entities. One of these subgroups comprises rare tumors characterized by epithelioid and spindle cell morphology, a highly aggressive clinical course with pronounced tendency to intraosseous growth, and the presence of pathognomonic recurring genetic aberrations—chimeric genes/transcripts EWSR1::TFCP2, FUS::TFCP2, or MEIS1::NCOA2. Starting from 2018, only 26 reported cases of RMS have been assigned to this subgroup. The rarity of such tumors hampers their correct diagnostics for both anatomic pathologists and molecular oncologists. Here, we describe a clinical case of intraosseous spindle cell RMSs expressing the EWSR1::TFCP2 fusion gene, encountered for the first time in our practice, in a 16-yr-old female patient presenting with mandibular lesion. The diagnostic process took considerable time and involved RNA sequencing—a high-throughput method of molecular genetic research. The tumor was extremely aggressive, showing resistance to polychemotherapy, radiation therapy, and crizotinib-targeted therapy, with the fatal outcome.
Dynamic market complexity and service value advantage: an empirical investigation of business process management
Authors: Hong Paul C. , Hejazi Mohammed Taj , Deng Xiyue , Jagani Sandeep
Published: June 2022

Purpose

Having complexity theory as the overarching conceptual rationale, this paper presents a research model that defines external drivers, strategic and internal business practices and performance outcomes in service firm contexts.

Design/methodology/approach

Using an original survey instrument, the authors empirically examine business process management (1) adopting the mediating roles of shared goal practices and technology imperative practices (2) involving moderating roles of competitive market environments and joint implementation practices.

Findings

In response to dynamic market complexity, firms implement business process management through shared goal practices and technology imperative practices for achieving customer service outcomes. The findings also suggest the moderating roles of competitive pressure and joint implementation practices.

Research limitations/implications

Generalizations here are limited to service firms. Increasing customer service expectations (e.g. simplicity, convenience, visual images and rapid responses) require firms to involve cross-functional work throughout their organizational processes.

Practical implications

In digital environments, business process management requires socio-technological synergy through shared goal practices and technology imperative practices.

Originality/value

Building on a theory-driven research model, a survey instrument provides tools to examine business process management of service firms that sense dynamic market complexity challenges and translate them to achieve desirable customer service outcomes.
Influence of word of mouth (WOM) in physician selection by the patients in Bangladesh
Authors: Nabi Md. Noor Un , Zohora Fatema Tuj , Akther Farzana
Published: June 2022

Purpose

This study aims to examine how word of mouth (WOM) from the patients influences the building of trust in the physician.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the review and synthesis of the previous relevant literature, 03 constructs of WOM and their 19 items were derived. The items were confirmed as well as their reliability and validity were measured through confirmatory factor analysis. The structural relationship between WOM factors and trust in physicians was analyzed with data from 330 personal interviews in Bangladesh. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed with the application of AMOS.

Findings

This study demonstrates that the trustworthiness of the source, information about medical care facilities and expertise and information about service experience have a significant direct effect on the level of trust in the physicians. This study delivers an understanding of how individualized social and informal communication, WOM, plays a role in the aspects of health-care-related decisions in developing countries.

Research limitations/implications

Findings of this study shed light on the importance of health-care-related communication strategy development and management, which is yet to be emphasized in research and practice in the developing countries contexts. Based on the findings of this study health-care service providers and key touchpoints in health-care delivery and management can develop client's experience-focused service marketing strategies and practices.

Originality/value

The level of trust in physicians regulates the choice of physician decision and the magnitude of service satisfaction and patients' good feeling issues. In health-care service marketing, research is an under-explored area, while the gap is more when developing countries' contexts are concerned. As a customized model and primary data-based study, this paper contributes to addressing the gap mentioned in the previous statement. The sample size could not be extended as no institutional funding was available for this study.
Examining export advantages in Indian horticulture: an approach based on product mapping and seasonality
Authors: Saxena Raka , Kumar Anjani , Singh Ritambhara , Paul Ranjit Kumar , Raman M.S. , Kumar Rohit , Khan Mohd Arshad , Agarwal Priyanka
Published: June 2022

Purpose

The present study provides evidence on export advantages of horticultural commodities based on competitiveness, trade balance and seasonality dimensions.

Design/methodology/approach

The study delineated horticultural commodities in terms of comparative advantage, examined temporal shifts in export advantages (mapping) and estimated seasonality. Product mapping was carried out using the Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) and Trade Balance Index (TBI). Seasonal advantages were examined through a graphical approach along with the objective tests, namely, modified QS-test (QS), Friedman-test (FT) and using a seasonal dummy.

Findings

Cucumbers/gherkins, onions, preserved vegetables, fresh grapes, shelled cashew nuts, guavas, mangoes, and spices emerged as the most favorable horticultural products. India has a strong seasonal advantage in dried onions, cucumber/gherkins, shelled cashew nut, dried capsicum, coriander, cumin, and turmeric. The untapped potential in horticulture can be addressed by handling the trade barriers effectively, particularly the sanitary and phytosanitary issues, affecting the exports. Proper policies must be enacted to facilitate the investment in advanced agricultural technologies and logistics to ensure the desired quality and cost effectiveness.

Research limitations/implications

Commodity-specific studies on value chain analysis would provide valuable insights into the issues hindering exports and realizing the untapped export potential.

Originality/value

There is no holistic and recent study illustrating the horticulture export advantages covering a large number of commodities in the Indian context. The study would be helpful to the stakeholders for drawing useful policy implications.
An alternative vaccine prioritization approach in response to COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sahinyazan Feyza G. , Araz Ozgur M.
Published: June 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of food access and other vulnerability measures on the COVID-19 progression to inform the public health decision-makers while setting priority rules for vaccine schedules.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the authors used the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) data combined with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)’s social vulnerability score variables and diabetes and obesity prevalence in a set of models to assess the associations with the COVID-19 prevalence and case-fatality rates in the United States (US) counties. Using the case prevalence estimates provided by these models, the authors developed a COVID-19 vulnerability score. The COVID-19 vulnerability score prioritization is then compared with the pro-rata approach commonly used for vaccine distribution.

Findings

The study found that the population proportion residing in a food desert is positively correlated with the COVID-19 prevalence. Similarly, the population proportion registered to SNAP is positively correlated with the COVID-19 prevalence. The findings demonstrate that commonly used pro-rata vaccine allocation can overlook vulnerable communities, which can eventually create disease hot-spots.

Practical implications

The proposed methodology provides a rapid and effective vaccine prioritization scoring. However, this scoring can also be considered for other humanitarian programs such as food aid and rapid test distribution in response to the current and future pandemics.

Originality/value

Humanitarian logistics domain predominantly relies on equity measures, where each jurisdiction receives resources proportional to their population. This study provides a tool to rapidly identify and prioritize vulnerable communities while determining vaccination schedules.
Enhancing leadership training in health services – an evidence-based practice-oriented approach
Authors: Davies Amanda Jane , Shepherd Irwyn , Leigh Elyssebeth
Published: June 2022

Purpose

Globally, private and public organisations invest ever increasing amounts of money, time and effort to develop leadership capabilities in current and future leaders. Whilst such investment results in benefits for some, the full value of developmental strategies on offer is not always realised. Challenges inhibiting achievement of full value include struggling to identify learning programs that best fit with the organisational structure, culture, mission and vision and difficulties in maximising engagement of personnel at multiple levels of the management structure.

Design/methodology/approach

The purpose of this study is to introduce a pathway for health services to develop and embed simulation-based educational strategies that provide targeted learning for leaders and teams. Aligning this approach to leadership development through presentation of case studies in which the model has been applied illustrates the pathway for application in the health-care sector.

Findings

The findings of the approach to leadership development are presented through the presentation of a case study illustrating application of the ADELIS model to simulation-based learning.

Practical implications

The ADELIS model, outlined in this study, provides a guide for creating customised and flexible learning designs that apply simulation-based learning, enabling organisations to develop and provide leadership training for individuals, units and teams that is appropriately fit for purpose.

Originality/value

The key contribution to health-care leadership development offered in this study is the rationale for using simulation-based learning accompanied by a model and pathway for creating such a pedagogical approach, which embraces the reality of workplace circumstances.
Sustainable HRM and class-based inequality
Authors: Guerci Marco , Hauff Sven , Panichella Nazareno , Radaelli Giovanni
Published: June 2022

Purpose

This paper points out that common human resource manageement (HRM) research and practice have overlooked employee's class of origin. Workers' class of origin can be seen as “the elephant in the room” in current HRM, being that it significantly affects organizational decision-making with negative social (increased class-based inequality) and organizational (inefficient allocation of human re-sources) effects.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper summarizes the partial, fragmented and multi-disciplinary literature on HRM and employees’ social class of origin.

Findings

The paper shows how recruiting, selection, training and development practices systematically reinforce class-based inequality by providing high-class employees with more resources and opportunities compared to low-class employees.

Practical implications

The paper provides sustainable HR practitioners, educators and researchers with recommendations on how to address employees' social class of origin, improving organizational competitive advantage and reducing class-based inequality at the societal level.

Originality/value

The paper focuses on a topic which, in diversity management, is an elephant in the room (i.e. workers social class of origin).
Does board independence influence CSR performance? A GMM-based dynamic panel data approach
Authors: Agarwala Nidhi , Pareek Ritu , Sahu Tarak Nath
Published: June 2022

Purpose

The study aims to explore and establish the relationship that exists between board independence and corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices of Indian firms.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of 76 non-financial companies listed on the National Stock Exchange has been considered for a period of seven years (from 2013 to 2019). The study has used several statistical tools such as the static panel data model and the Arellano–Bond dynamic panel data model based on generalized method of moments approach.

Findings

The results of the analysis have indicated board independence to have a significant positive relationship with the firms’ CSR performance. However, board size and number of board meetings have been found to have a negative relationship with CSR. Further, outcomes have also revealed that variables such as companies’ size and liquidity have a positive effect on the extent of CSR activities performed.

Practical implications

The firms which have the intention to engage in impactful CSR activities should support the independent directors’ participation in companies’ boards. The study’s findings suggest the companies to appoint independent directors strategically, keeping in mind the requirements of their board. Also, the independent directors selected should be independent in true sense, i.e. they should not be acquaintances of the company’s chief executive officer. This would ensure unbiased decision-making and would enhance the company’s CSR performance.

Originality/value

In India, CSR has gained great importance. So much so that it was made mandatory by the Companies Act, 2013. However, research studies that may assist in understanding the influence of board independence on Indian firms’ CSR performance are still scarce. The present study would foster value to the existing set of limited literature. Besides, the study has considered the dynamic nature of the relationship and has also controlled the endogeneity bias which has been examined by few studies in the past.
The contribution of organizational learning and green human resource management practices to the circular economy: a relational analysis – Part I
Authors: Subramanian Nagamani , Suresh M.
Published: June 2022

Purpose

The goal of this research is to create a conceptual model that identifies the relationship between organizational learning and green human resource management practices and its contribution to the circular economy. The focus of this research is to identify the organizational learning and green human resource factors that lead to a more circular economic transformation.

Design/methodology/approach

The importance of the interaction of factors benefiting both individuals and organizations has been comprehensively explained by combining two well-known theories: resource-based view theory and organizational learning theory. As learning entails change, a climate of organizational learning combined with green human resource practices will efficiently help firms transition to a circular economy. The authors establish a conceptual model in this study, which they then apply to the small- and medium-sized manufacturing industry and report on in the second paper.

Findings

This study concentrates on the factors of organizational learning and green human resource management practices that help to create a circular economy after conducting a thorough literature analysis and consulting with experts.

Research limitations/implications

The conceptual model can be applied to organizations in any industry. In the second part, the authors would investigate the interaction of the indicated factors and build their structural hierarchy using the total interpretive structural modelling method for the small- and medium-sized industries and then present the findings.

Practical implications

The proposed framework might facilitate decision-makers, practitioners and academicians to comprehend the relationship between organizational learning and green human resource management factors and their influence on organizations’ transition into a circular economy. The study’s findings will help HR managers clarify the significant organizational learning and green human resource management factors that play a vital role in transitioning organizations into a circular economy.

Originality/value

This research adds to our understanding of the intricate interactions between organizational learning and green human resource management as they relate to the circular economy. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the conceptual model illustrating the inter-relationship between organizational learning and green human resource management is the first of its type, and it is a novel notion because no previous research has looked into it.
Too Much of a Good Thing? Board Independence and the Value of Initial Public Offerings
Authors: Bertoni Fabio , Meoli Michele , Vismara Silvio
Published: June 2022

Building on agency and resource dependence theories, we study the relationship between the value of initial public offerings and the extent of board independence, which we find to be an inverted U‐shape: beyond a certain threshold, board independence becomes excessive. Consistent with agency theory, the inverted U‐shaped relationship is more pronounced when ownership and control rights are separated. Consistent with resource dependence theory, the inverted U‐shaped relationship is more pronounced in companies with higher industry diversification and less pronounced when the roles of the CEO and president of the board of directors are separated.
Evident demands and absent changes: special education teachers' initial training in Chile
Authors: Palacios Rosario , Larrazabal Sofia , Monzalve Manuel
Published: June 2022

This article discusses special education teachers' initial training within public policies establishing teaching students with special educational needs and disabilities in mainstream classrooms. Based on the question of how special education teachers’ initial training in Chile is responding to inclusive education policy regulations, we describe and analyze discourses about training regarding special education and inclusive policies. Drawing on interviews with directors, graduates and teachers we underline significant dimensions of emergency and change in special education teaching careers regarding collaborative work within regular schools; influence of policy regulations such as School Integration Programs; strategies for diversification of teaching and evaluation; and resources or technologies for special education. Our conclusions address recommendations for teachers' training, distinctions between regular teachers and special education teachers' roles, and major attention to co‐teaching strategies.
A systematic review of research on empathy in health care
Authors: Nembhard Ingrid M. , David Guy , Ezzeddine Iman , Betts David , Radin Jennifer
Published: June 2022

Objective

To summarize the predictors and outcomes of empathy by health care personnel, methods used to study their empathy, and the effectiveness of interventions targeting their empathy, in order to advance understanding of the role of empathy in health care and facilitate additional research aimed at increasing positive patient care experiences and outcomes.

Data Source

We searched MEDLINE, MEDLINE In‐Process, PsycInfo, and Business Source Complete to identify empirical studies of empathy involving health care personnel in English‐language publications up until April 20, 2021, covering the first five decades of research on empathy in health care (1971–2021).

Study Design

We performed a systematic review in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

Data Collection/Extraction Methods

Title and abstract screening for study eligibility was followed by full‐text screening of relevant citations to extract study information (e.g., study design, sample size, empathy measure used, empathy assessor, intervention type if applicable, other variables evaluated, results, and significance). We classified study predictors and outcomes into categories, calculated descriptive statistics, and produced tables to summarize findings.

Principal Findings

Of the 2270 articles screened, 455 reporting on 470 analyses satisfied the inclusion criteria. We found that most studies have been survey‐based, cross‐sectional examinations; greater empathy is associated with better clinical outcomes and patient care experiences; and empathy predictors are many and fall into five categories (provider demographics, provider characteristics, provider behavior during interactions, target characteristics, and organizational context). Of the 128 intervention studies, 103 (80%) found a positive and significant effect. With four exceptions, interventions were educational programs focused on individual clinicians or trainees. No organizational‐level interventions (e.g., empathy‐specific processes or roles) were identified.

Conclusions

Empirical research provides evidence of the importance of empathy to health care outcomes and identifies multiple changeable predictors of empathy. Training can improve individuals' empathy; organizational‐level interventions for systematic improvement are lacking.
Fentanyl as a potential false positive with color tests commonly used for presumptive cocaine identification
Authors: Kosecki Patrick Allan , Brooke Phillip , Canonico Erika
Published: June 2022

Chemical color tests are widely utilized as part of the analytical scheme approved to identify drugs in forensic laboratories and in the field by law enforcement officers. Although these test results are considered preliminary indications of the presence of a drug, forensic scientists sometimes use these test results to direct their confirmatory testing and law enforcement officers use these test results when making arrest decisions and decisions on how to impound evidence. The color tests commonly used to identify cocaine are aqueous cobalt thiocyanate, the Young's test, the Scott's test, and the modified Scott's test. Field testing of a white powder was reported by a law enforcement officer to be positive for cocaine hydrochloride using a commercially available test kit based on the modified Scott's test. The forensic laboratory determined that the powder contained fentanyl and mannitol; cocaine was not detected. Subsequently, the case material, fentanyl and cocaine reference materials, and cocaine cut with mannitol were tested using aqueous cobalt thiocyanate, the Young's test, the Scott's test, and the modified Scott's test. The fentanyl standard and case material produced the colors that would be interpreted as cocaine using the aqueous cobalt thiocyanate and Young's tests. The misidentification of fentanyl as cocaine with these tests could create a potentially hazardous situation. The cocaine containing samples were distinguishable from the fentanyl containing samples with the Scott's and modified Scott's test when 1 mg of cocaine material was tested, whereas a 3‐mg cocaine sample produced the same color sequence as fentanyl.
Real‐world application of plasmapheresis for neurological disease: Results from the Japan‐Plasmapheresis Outcome and Practice Patterns Study
Authors: Lin Youwei , Oji Satoru , Miyamoto Katsuichi , Narita Tomoko , Kameyama Mana , Matsuo Hidenori
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Plasmapheresis is a well‐recognized treatment for autoimmune neurological diseases in Japan. However, the practice varies depending on the facility, and the actual treatment conditions are unclear.

Methods

To clarify real‐world conditions, a prospective observational study was conducted on patients with neurological diseases who were scheduled to receive plasmapheresis. A dataset was analyzed that included 887 treatments from 210 patients with myasthenia gravis (MG), multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), and other diseases for 82, 30, 24, and 74 patients, respectively.

Results

The types of plasmapheresis performed included immunoadsorption plasmapheresis, plasma exchange, and double filtration plasmapheresis with 620, 213, and 54 treatments, respectively. Approximately, 60% of the treatments were performed using peripheral blood access alone. Non‐serious adverse events were observed in 10 patients.

Conclusions

A statistically significant improvement was observed after plasmapheresis in patients with MG, MS, and NMOSD. These were evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale.
Auricular transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation for alcohol use disorder: A chance to improve treatment?
Authors: Konjusha Anyla , Colzato Lorenza , Ghin Filippo , Stock Ann‐Kathrin , Beste Christian
Published: June 2022

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a relapsing–remitting condition characterized by excessive and/or continued alcohol consumption despite harmful consequences. New adjuvant tools, such as noninvasive brain stimulation techniques, might be helpful additions to conventional treatment approaches or even provide an alternative option for patients who fail to respond adequately to other treatment options. Here, we discuss the potential use of auricular transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (atVNS) as an ADD‐ON intervention in AUD. Compared with other techniques, atVNS has the advantage of directly stimulating nuclei that synthesize GABA and catecholamines, both of which are functionally altered by alcohol intake in AUD patients. Pharmacological options targeting those neurotransmitters are widely available, but have relatively limited beneficial effects on cognition, even though restoring normal cognitive functioning, especially cognitive control, is key to maintaining abstinence. Against this background, atVNS could be a particularly useful add‐on because there is substantial meta‐analytic evidence based on studies in healthy individuals that atVNS can enhance cognitive control processes that are crucial to regaining control over drug intake. We discuss essential future research on using atVNS as an ADD‐ON intervention in AUD to enhance clinical and cognitive outcomes by providing a translational application. Given that this novel technique can be worn like an earpiece and can be employed without medical supervision/outside the clinical settings, atVNS could be well integratable into the daily life of the patients, where the task of regaining control over drug intake is most challenging.
A retrospective analysis of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography investigating gallstones in a contemporary surgical setting
Authors: Robinson Christian , Turner Robin M. , Potter Jon
Published: June 2022

Backgrounds

The New Zealand Public Health System operates in a resource limited environment. Pre‐operative investigation of choledocholithiasis (CDL) is variable. Protocol driven practice has improved patient outcomes and cost‐effectiveness. The aim is to explore risk stratification for CDL and specific thresholds for accessing magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in this contemporary setting.

Methods

All adult (16+ years) acute inpatient MRCP requests for gallstone work‐up between 1 Jan 2018 and 2031 Dec 2019 at Dunedin Hospital were included. Patients with characteristics not in fitting with an acute symptomatic examination were excluded. Receiver operating characteristic curves were estimated for bilirubin versus MRCP positive by the presence/absence of dilated ducts, indication and American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) risk grouping.

Results

A 106 patients were included. Mean bilirubin at presentation and time of MRCP, 47 versus 28 μmol/L, respectively. MRCP confirmed CDL in 39 (37%) patients. 38 (97%) had biochemical changes with choledocholithiasis. 21 (40%) with CBD dilation had ductal stones versus 18 (34%) with normal ducts. ASGE risk stratification showed 36 (34%), 66 (62%) and 4 (4%) were high, intermediate and low risk, respectively. Of these groups 44%, 35% and 0% had CBD stones on MRCP, respectively. Combination thresholds involving duct size and bilirubin can yield negative predictive values >90%, substantially reducing MRCP load.

Conclusions

MRCP requests can be triaged to maximize stones detected without overly increasing the rate of missed duct stones whilst protecting the limited MRI and ERCP resources. International thresholds and risk stratification alone may not be applicable in our resource limited environment.
Chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy is superior to standard of care as second‐line therapy for large B‐cell lymphoma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Shargian Liat , Raanani Pia , Yeshurun Moshe , Gafter‐Gvili Anat , Gurion Ronit
Published: June 2022

Treatment with high‐dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is considered standard of care (SOC) second‐line treatment for relapsed or refractory large B‐cell lymphoma (LBCL). However, outcomes remain suboptimal. A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials comparing efficacy and safety of SOC versus chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell (CAR‐T) therapy as second‐line for patients with LBCL refractory or relapsing within 12 months. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), event‐free survival (EFS), overall response rate (ORR) and safety. Three trials published in 2021 (involving 865 participants) fulfilled the eligibility criteria. EFS as well as OS were significantly improved with CAR‐T therapy as compared to SOC, hazard ratio (HR) 0.57 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49–0.68) and HR 0.77 (95% CI 0.60–0.98) respectively. CAR‐T therapy was associated with significantly better ORR, relative risk (RR) 1.55 (95% CI 1.12–2.13, p = 0.001). The risk of Grade III/IV adverse event was comparable between the two arms, RR 1.03 (95% CI 0.93–1.14). In summary, CAR‐T therapy has superior outcomes as compared to SOC in patients with LBCL refractory or relapsing within 12 months, without excess of toxicity. Longer follow‐up is needed to confirm these results and determine the optimal sequencing of CAR‐T therapy in the management of LBCL.
‘You truly are the worst kind of racist!’: Argumentation and polarization in online discussions around gender and radical‐right populism
Authors: Pettersson Katarina , Sakki Inari
Published: June 2022

The role of women in populist and radical right‐wing parties is a topic that has gained increased scholarly attention. The aim of this article is to add to this literature by analysing how a female right‐wing populist leader becomes positioned in online interactions in the hybrid media system. In doing so, the study seeks to make a twofold contribution to research on populist and radical right discourse online: to explore the ways in which notions related to gender and radical‐right populism are constructed in such discourse and to shed light on their argumentative character. The study applies a critical discursive psychological approach to study these discursive patterns in two interrelated social media datasets, comprising discussion threads from Facebook and Twitter. The study shows how, through argumentation and dialogue, the commenters’ position both each other and the female populist leader as fit or unfit, racist or non‐racist, patriotic or non‐patriotic and as a victim or culprit of hate‐speech and misogyny. The implications of these findings for social psychological research on radical‐right populism, political polarization and online hate‐speech are discussed.
Review: Meta‐analysis on mindfulness‐based interventions for adolescents' stress, depression, and anxiety in school settings: a cautionary tale
Authors: Fulambarkar Nilija , Seo Brian , Testerman Alanna , Rees Mitchell , Bausback Kim , Bunge Eduardo
Published: June 2022

Background

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) have been applied in school settings for adolescents with symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety; however, general conclusions of the efficacy of such interventions remain unclear. This meta‐analysis reviewed randomized‐controlled MBI trials for stress, depression, and anxiety in school settings.

Methods

One hundred one records were included after removing duplicates. Nine studies met inclusion criteria, totalling 5046 adolescents aged 12–18. Eighteen comparisons between an MBI and a control group were analyzed.

Results

The overall effect for symptoms of the 17 observations including stress, depression, and anxiety resulted in a significant improvement with a small effect size (k = 17, n = 3721, Hedge's g = .33, CI 95% .17–.49 p < .01). Subgroup analysis revealed that when MBIs were compared to an active control group effects were not significant (k = 5, n = 2753, Hedge's g = .27, CI 95% −.03–.57 p = .08), and when compared to an inactive control group the effect was significant with a small effect size (k = 5, n = 1065, Hedge's g = .38, CI 95% .02–.75 p < .05). Analysis of the interventions on a per symptom basis yielded a significant and moderate effect size for perceived stress (k = 7, n = 1116, Hedge's g = .55, CI 95% .31–.79 p < .01); however, there were no significant effects for depression (k = 6, n = 3172, Hedge's g = .20, CI 95% −.05–.44 p < .01) and anxiety (k = 4, n = 837, Hedge's g = .19, CI 95% −.14–.53 p = .25).

Conclusions

The impact of MBIs in school settings for adolescents yielded a significant improvement for stress, but did not for depression and anxiety. The effects were significant when compared to inactive controls, but not when compared to active controls. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Adapting the German version of the dental environment stress questionnaire
Authors: Zenthöfer Andreas , Graf Andreas , Büsch Christopher , Rammelsberg Peter , Klotz Anna‐Luisa
Published: June 2022

Aims

To develop a German version of the Dental Environment Stress (DES) questionnaire, and to evaluate its reliability and validity.

Methods

The original English DES questionnaire was translated into German using a forward–backward translation process. To evaluate construct stability, a subgroup of dental students (n = 43) completed the DES twice (interval: 1 week). To evaluate how the DES responds to anticipated changes in stress, all dental students' (n = 64) DES scores and saliva cortisol levels administered from a clinical study were compared between holiday and term time. Furthermore, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) and a stress self‐assessment were used to determine the validity of the DES. Reliability analyses were calculated using Kendall's tau correlations. To estimate reliability strength, correlation coefficients and intraclass correlations (ICCs) were used.

Results

Regarding construct stability, 24 of 25 DES items had at least moderate correlations, and most items showed strong correlations. Correlations for the seven subdomains were good (range: 0.778–1.000). The same was true for the total DES score (ICC: 0.944). Correlations for response to term‐time stress were weaker and more varied. Validity analyses revealed fair correlations between the DES and students' self‐assessment (Pearson's r = .592) and DASS score (Pearson's r = .392), suggesting satisfactory validity. Stress levels were quite similar between baseline and follow‐up.

Conclusion

The German DES is a reliable tool for evaluating stress in dental students. Because it can be used to identify individual stressors in various categories, it might enable the detection of specific stress situations in educational situations and facilitate solutions (adjustment of curricula, tailored consulting services).
Another benefit of stroke unit care
Authors: Leys Didier
Published: June 2022

Patients who are already in a stroke unit for a first cerebral event or a situation entailing high risk for stroke are treated with shorter delays, fewer missed treatment opportunities, and better outcomes compared to those who are in another type of medical ward or at home.
EFFICIENT LIABILITY IN EXPERT MARKETS
Authors: Chen Yongmin , Li Jianpei , Zhang Jin
Published: June 2022

When providing professional services, an expert may misbehave by either prescribing “wrong” treatment for consumer's problem or failing to exert proper effort to diagnose it. We show that under a range of liabilities the expert will recommend the appropriate treatment based on his private information if markups for alternative treatments are close enough; however, a well‐designed liability rule is essential for also motivating efficient diagnosis effort. We further demonstrate that unfettered price competition between experts may undermine the efficient role of liability, whereas either a minimum‐price constraint or an obligation‐to‐serve requirement can restore it.
Spectrum of skin diseases in Maroon villages of the Maroni area, French Guiana
Authors: Valentin Julie , Niemetzky Florence , Gaillet Melanie , Michaud Celine , Carbunar Aurel , Demar Magalie , Couppie Pierre , Blaizot Romain
Published: June 2022

Background

Due to their genetic characteristics and their high exposure to infectious diseases, Maroons are likely to suffer from a specific spectrum of skin diseases. However, skin disorders have never been explored in this population. We aimed to describe all skin diseases in Maroon villages of the Maroni region in French Guiana.

Methods

This retrospective study concerned all patients who consulted in the remote health centers of Apatou, Grand‐Santi, Papaichton, and Maripasoula between October 5, 2017, and June 30, 2020. We included all patients registered with a skin disorder (International Classification of Diseases) in the medical database. We excluded patients whose diagnosis was invalidated after cross‐checking by a dermatologist.

Results

A total of 4741 patients presented at least one skin disease, for 6058 different disorders. Nonsexually transmitted infections represented 71.6% of all diagnoses, followed by inflammatory diseases (9.8%) and bites/envenomations (4.6%). The three most frequent conditions were scabies, abscesses, and impetigo. Besides scabies, neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) were still prevalent as we reported 13 cases of leprosy and 63 cutaneous leishmaniasis. Atopic dermatitis (AD) represented only 2.5% of our diagnoses.

Conclusions

With the exception of AD, which was less frequent among Maroons, these results are similar to those previously reported in Amerindians. Therefore, a common exposure to rainforest pathogens seems to induce a common spectrum of skin diseases dominated by infections. The high prevalence of NTDs requires specific public health actions.
Scheduling on uniform machines with a conflict graph: complexity and resolution
Authors: Mallek Amin , Boudhar Mourad
Published: June 2022

This paper deals with the problem of scheduling a set of unit‐time jobs on a set of uniform machines. The jobs are subject to conflict constraints modeled by a graph G called the conflict graph, in which adjacent jobs cannot be processed on a same machine. The objective considered herein is the minimization of maximum job completion time in the schedule, which is famous to be NP‐hard in the strong sense. The first part of this paper is an extensive study of the computational complexity of the problem restricted to several graph classes, namely: split graphs, interval graphs, forests, trees, paths and cycles. Afterward, we focus on the resolution of the problem with arbitrary conflict graphs. For this latter, a combination of a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulation, lower and upper bounds is proposed. A wild range of computational experiments proved the efficiency of this technique to tremendously reduce runtime and produce more optimal solutions (around 80% in average). Furthermore, a deep analysis of the resolution process based on both the density of the conflict graph as well as machine speeds (including identical machines) is thoroughly reported.
Academic Resilience as a Concept for Creative Arts Higher Education: A Thematic Review
Authors: Winters Tara
Published: June 2022

The notion of ‘academic resilience’ has been established to contextualise the term for higher education research and practice, concerned with the everyday challenges of academic life as experienced by the majority of students. In the largest disruption to education systems in human history, the pandemic is the most recent catalyst for attention to resilience strategies. Calls for addressing resilience within curriculum at a subject level have been increasing, with a shift in emphasis from reliance on student support services to ‘whole university’ approaches to student wellbeing. This thematic literature review commences from here interested the potential pedagogical value of academic resilience for art and design education. Four thematics are established to explore this: academic resilience and creative arts learning; contestation and critique; meaningfulness; and pedagogical responses. The politics and theory of resilience highlight the need for critical approaches that reframe conceptualisations for higher education. This review revealed the complexities of a concept of academic resilience for creative arts learning. The instability of the subject matter and the uncertainties of the creative process as well as the stabilising effects of being involved in artistic production and meaning making suggest a distinctive, discipline specific interpretation is useful. The findings provide a basis for influencing further research and curriculum development.
Acacetin resists UVA photoaging by mediating the SIRT3/ROS/MAPKs pathway
Authors: Mu Jing , Chen Hong , Ye Mengyi , Zhang Xiaoxia , Ma Huisheng
Published: June 2022

Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of skin photoaging, and the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Acacetin on skin photoaging in UVA‐irradiated mice and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). Healthy dorsal depilated rats were irradiated with UVA 30 J/cm2 daily, every other day, for 1 month. Acacetin (40, 80 mg kg/day) was coated to the bare skin of the rats' backs 1 h before UVA irradiation. HDF were treated different concentrations of Acacetin (5, 10, 20 μg/ml) and then irradiated with UVA (20 J/cm2). Acacetin was found to be effective in ameliorating UVA‐induced oxidative stress and cell death. Acacetin also prevented the UVA‐induced decrease of SIRT3, reduced the activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs, p‐38 and p‐JNK) and blocked the down‐regulated activation of oxidative stress in matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In addition, Acacetin increased the expressions of collagen‐promoting proteins (TGF‐β and Smad3). Finally, the SIRT3 inhibitor 3‐TYP blocked all protective effects of Acacetin, indicating that the protective effect of Acacetin against UVA photoaging is SIRT3‐dependent. Acacetin effectively mitigated photoaging by targeting the promotion of SIRT3, inhibiting the UVA‐induced increases in MMPs and pro‐inflammatory factors, and promoting TGF‐β and Smad3.
Recognizability and recognition as human—Learning from Butler and Manne
Authors: Ikäheimo Heikki
Published: June 2022

Judith Butler and Kate Manne shed, in different ways, doubt on the capacity of the recognition‐paradigm to comprehend phenomena of crucial ethical and political importance: whereas Butler argues that deeper than recognition are “frames” in light of which individuals and groups appear as recognizable human beings at all, Manne argues that too much has been made of the capacity of the idea of being recognized as human or person to explain interhuman cruelty and violence. In short, for Butler there is something even more important than recognition that precedes it, whereas for Manne matters of vital (or lethal) importance happen after, or on top of, recognition. In my view both are pointing at crucially important issues, but I am more optimistic of the capacity of the notion of recognition to deal with them. I present an account of recognition as personification, which can both meet the challenges and unite the seemingly disparate views of the two authors as complementary perspectives to, and focussed on dialectically related aspects of, a whole. This whole is recognition, or lack thereof, of particular individuals and groups as full‐fledged persons.
Comprehensive analysis of intratumoural heterogeneity of somatic copy number alterations in diffuse glioma reveals clonality‐dependent prognostic patterns
Authors: Luo Shangyi , Zhang Yajing , Jia Ying , Zhang Xue
Published: June 2022

Aims

Intratumoural heterogeneity (ITH) has been implicated in tumour growth and progression as well as therapy resistance. However, the extent of ITH of somatic copy number alterations (ITH‐SCNAs) as a result of tumour evolution and its influence on clinical outcomes in diffuse glioma (DG) remain poorly understood.

Methods

We used an integrated computational method to infer clonal and subclonal SCNAs in 760 untreated primary DGs from The Cancer Genome Atlas. ITH‐SCNAs at the genome‐wide, peak (region with recurrent SCNAs) and gene level were calculated. We used the Kaplan–Meier estimators and Cox proportional hazards models to examine the associations of ITH‐SCNA with patient outcomes. An independent cohort of 243 patients with paired initial and recurrent tumours from the Glioma Longitudinal Analysis Consortium was used for validation.

Results

DGs showed widespread ITH‐SCNA, with a median of 25.5% of SCNAs identified as subclonal. We found that clonal SCNA burden had stronger prognostic power than total SCNAs in IDH‐mutant astrocytoma. Coamplifications of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) tended to be subclonal, and subclonal RTK amplification was significantly associated with high tumour proliferative potential and unfavourable clinical outcomes in IDH‐wild‐type glioblastoma. In addition, we found that the prognostic values of the peak‐level SCNAs were related to their mutated clonal architecture, from which three clonality‐dependent prognostic patterns of SCNAs were proposed, including clonal‐dominant, subclonal‐dominant and clonality‐independent schemas.

Conclusions

The systematic analysis of ITH‐SCNAs in large cohorts of DGs highlighted the importance of considering the clonality of SCNA in discovery of tumour prognostic markers.
Lost in Plain Sight: How Current Burial Practices Impact Migrant Death Investigation in South Texas
Authors: Kaplan Molly A. , Spradley M. Katherine
Published: June 2022

High rates of migrant fatalities at the U.S. southern border represent an ongoing mass disaster that is the product of Prevention through Deterrence policies funneling migrants into remote and deadly terrain. Due to a fragmented, underresourced, and overwhelmed medicolegal system in South Texas, the majority of unidentified migrant decedents recovered in the region are buried without proper investigation or genetic sampling. The present study examines the effects that South Texas burial practices have on the ability to recover and identify deceased migrant individuals, in addition to assessing the care and respect with which their remains are treated. Utilizing forensic archaeological and case records data pertaining to 103 burials of unidentified migrant decedents exhumed by Operation Identification at Texas State University across three South Texas counties, the present study reveals problematic patterns with migrant death management practices and generates preliminary recommendations for burial improvement.