bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construcciones identitarias de inmigrantes haitianos en Santiago de Chile desde una perspectiva interseccional
Authors: Mercado Órdenes Mercedes , Figueiredo Ana
Published: January 2023

This work focuses on the identity constructions of Haitian immigrants in Chile. A qualitative study was conducted based on in-depth semi-structured interviews, which included analyzing thematic and intersectional contents in order to understand the identity constructions of the participants in their migration trajectories from Haiti to Chile. Results associated with the work and social experiences of the participants are presented, along with the ethnic-racial and sex-gender orders, bringing together differentiating axes such as religion, nationality, social class, and immigrant status. We found that the articulation of dimensions of oppression in Chile configures a Haitian-migrant-worker identity positioned as a radical otherness; incipient changes in sex-gender identities are also reported, emerging from subaltern social positions and as adaptation strategies in an adverse context.
Negociaciones en la puesta en escena del país de origen. Un estudio transnacional sobre restaurantes extranjeros en Gran Valparaíso, Chile
Authors: Pinto Baleisan Carolina , Colin Clément , eria Madariaga Luz María
Published: January 2023

The article seeks to understand how migrant families bring life to restaurants that evoke their countries of origin. These spaces and culinary proposals are not a simple reproduction, but negotiated interpretations of culture itself during migration processes and are analyzed from a transnational approach. The methodology is based on interviews and participant observations carried out in four foreign restaurants located in Greater Valparaíso, Chile. The article contributes to the production of knowledge about migrants who have capital, exploring performances, symbols, and culinary practices that selectively show their national culture. It is concluded that these restaurants can be considered bridges between cultures by linking multiple scales with imaginaries, representations, and emotions. It articulates a discussion on ethnic economies, cultural transformations, and the production of evolving migrant identities while extending studies on recent migrations in Chile.
A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE LABOR MARKET TRENDS IN THE EUROPEAN AND ITALIAN BANKING SECTORS: THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND THE RELATED NEED FOR INVESTING IN THE HUMAN FACTOR
Authors: Discanno Francesco
Published: January 2023

In the last thirteen years, the population of bankers in the Euro area has fallen by half a million. In Italy, the phenomenon of setbacks has been similarly dramatic, with a reduction of 70 thousand of jobs in the same period. The rationalization process taking place in the Euro area banks has also implied a continuous decrease in the number of branches. The driver of contraction in the banking industry's labor size and territorial presence is to be found in the change in work organization and business model consequently to the digital transformation. Banks are concerned with planning constant reductions in the workforce over time, but not with reconverting staff or updating their competencies. The digital competition requires investments in architectures and processes, but for real digital sustainability, it is nonetheless crucial to invest in the adequate sizing of the human factor and related skilling paths.
Bantuan Kemanusiaan Korban Bencana Alam Banjir Bandang dan Tanah Longsor di Masamba, Kabupaten Luwu Timur Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Mustafa Mustafa , Hafid Fahmi , Nasrul Nasrul , Aminudin Aminudin , Amsal Amsal , Masudin Masudin , Sova Evie Sova Evie , Ramadhan Kadar , Hamsiah Hamsiah , Junaidi Junaidi , Zainul Zainul , Lisnawati Lisnawati , Candriasih Putu , Nurjaya Nurjaya , Faisal Elvyrah , Linda Linda , Suryani Lili , M. Hasan Sri , Hadriani Hadriani , Supetran I Wayan , Taqwin Taqwin , Bungawati Andi , Saharudin Saharudin , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin
Published: January 2023

Monday, July 13th, 2020, Flash floods and landslides have hit the Masamba area, East Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi. The large number of victims and urgent needs and in order to ease the burden on the victims, the Academic Community of the Poltekkes Kemenkes Palu initiated a community service program in Masamba Regency. The purpose of this community service is to show the real action of the social care of the entire Civitas Poltekkes Kemenkes Palu to every disaster that occurs. The Humanitarian Aid Team of the Poltekkes Kemenkes Palu consists of 15 lecturers, staff and students of the Poltekkes Kemenkes palu. The method of implementing this service has four stages including planning to find funds, purchasing the needs of disaster victims, distributing assistance and the last stage, namely meeting the needs of victims. The aid was handed over by the Director of Poltekkes Kemenkes Palu, Palu through the Head of the Center for Research and Community Service to the Head of Disaster Prevention and Management Agency at the Emergency Response Command Post for Flash Floods and Landslides, North Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi Province on July 21, 2020 at the Central Disaster Management Command Post. Masamba Regency, East Luwu, South Sulawesi. The provision of Humanitarian Aid can be carried out properly. Communities victims of Flash floods as beneficiaries have received the assistance. It is recommended for this activity more team members so that the distribution of aid is wider and provides more opportunities for students to get directly involved in humanitarian activities
Pendidikan Kebencanaan dan Simulasi Bencana Gempa Bumi sebagai Upaya Mengurangi Dampak Bencana Gempa Bumi
Authors: Evie Sova , Hasni Hasni , Azwar Azwar , Saman Saman
Published: January 2023

Massive earthquakes around the world cause injuries, loss of life and damage to infrastructure. Among the fatalities due to the earthquake disaster are the elderly and children the most. Children are among the most vulnerable groups in disaster situations. They have limited ability and resources to control or prepare themselves when they feel afraid, so they are very dependent on parties outside themselves to be able to recover from a disaster. The impacts and losses caused by the earthquake are caused by the lack of readiness of the community or the surrounding community in anticipating these problems. The purpose of community service activities is to increase the preparedness of students to face earthquake disasters so that they can understand and take steps to save when an earthquake occurs and can reduce the number of victims. . The target is 55 students at SDN 2 Tolitoli. From the results of the post test carried out, it was obtained for knowledge that there was an increase in score where the average value obtained by students was in the 80-100 range from the 40-50 range during the pre test. Meanwhile, for behavior in the pre test, T Mean during the post test. It is hoped that the earthquake disaster simulation can be carried out periodically every semester.
ABSTRAK
Gempa-gempa dahsyat di seluruh dunia menyebabkan korban luka-luka, kerusakan infrastruktur maupun hilangnya nyawa. Korban yang paling banyak adalah orang tua dan anak-anak. Anak termasuk dalam kelompok paling rentan dalam situasi bencana Dampak dan kerugian yang ditimbulkan oleh gempa bumi disebabkan karena kurangnya kesiapan masyarakat atau komunitas sekitar dalam mengantisipasi masalah tersebut. Tujuan dalam kegiatan pengabmas untuk meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan siswa/siswi menghadapi kebencanaan gempa bumi sehingga dapat memahami dan melakukan langkah-langkah dalam penyelamatan ketika terjadi gempa bumi dan dapat menurunkan jumlah korban, Dengan metode pelaksanaan adalah ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi dan simulasi siaga bencana gempa bumi. Yang menjadi sasaran adalah siswa/siswi di SDN 2  Tolitoli berjumlah 55 orang. Dari hasil post test yang dilakukan didapatkan untuk pengetahuan terjadi kenaikan skor dimana nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh siswa/siswi berada dari rentang 40-50 saat pre test menjadi rentang 80-100 pada post test. Sedangkan untuk Perilaku pada pre test didapatkan < Mean  dan pada post test  meningkat menjadi >T Mean. Diharapkan simulasi bencana gempa bumi dapat dilaksanakan secara periodik setiap semester.
Optimalisasi Pemantauan Kesehatan Balita Stunting melalui Buku Monitoring Gizi Anak di Kabupaten Rote Ndao, NTT
Authors: Susanti Ari Indra , Fatimah Siti Nur , Nilam Sari Atriany , Ferdian Dani , Wardani Yusrima Syamsina , Indraswari Noormarina , Didah Didah , Yudhantara Wiyoko , Yulika Yulika , Lasril Yogi
Published: January 2023

Rote Ndao Regency, which is located on one of the outer islands in NTT Province, has a total stunting prevalence of 23.48%. The improvement of stunting with interventions in the health and non-health sectors has a considerable contribution. This activity aims to carry out a stunting control improvement program by utilizing child nutrition monitoring books as a medium in monitoring the health of stunting toddlers in Rote Ndao Regency. The target in this activity is families who have toddlers aged 13-48 months as many as 88 children. The method of this activity is that all targets are given a monitoring book and supplementary feeding and Zinc supplementation is carried out for 12 weeks. The results showed that the provision of additional feeding assistance and supplementation improved nutritional status with increased weight and even this activity increased the motivation of the family to improve the child's lifestyle and health status.
Edukasi Gizi Cegah Stunting bagi Orang Tua di Desa Kesetnana, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan
Authors: Sambriong Maria , Herwanti Elisabeth , Aty Yoany Maria Vianney B.
Published: January 2023

The number of toddlers experiencing malnutrition in the South Central Timor district fluctuated from 2013 to 2017 ranging from 3-12 cases. The prevalence of stunting in the Kesetnana village in 2021 reached 48.3% or the highest in NTT. Based on this, it is necessary to provide nutritional assistance for children under five for parents. The purpose of this activity is to reduce the number of stunting cases that occur. The method used in this activity is screening and education about stunting, exclusive breastfeeding, breast care and balanced nutrition food processing practices. The location of the activity is Dusun D, Kesetnana village, TTS. The participants were breastfeeding mothers, pregnant women and toddlers and school-aged children. The media used were booklets, leaflets, banners, breast phantoms, samples of healthy food and cooking utensils. The result of this activity is that the knowledge of parents becomes very good about stunting, exclusive breastfeeding, breast care and can practice processing balanced nutritional foods again. Assistance activities to the village community continue to be continued by both health workers and health cadres, community leaders in the village.
ABSTRAK
Jumlah Balita yang mengalami gizi buruk di wilayah kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan  fluktuatif sejak tahun 2013 sampai dengan 2017 berkisar 3-12 kasus. Prevalensi stunting di desa kesetnana tahun 2021 mencapai 48,3% atau paling tinggi di NTT. Berdasarkan hal ini maka perlu dilakukan Pendampingan gizi  Balita bagi para orang tua. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah  agar dapat mengurangi jumlah kasus stunting yang terjadi. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah skrining dan edukasi tentang stunting, ASI ekslusif, perawatan payudara dan praktek pengolahan makanan gizi seimbang. Lokasi kegiatan yakni Dusun D desa Kesetnana, TTS. Pesertanya ibu menyusui, Ibu hamil dan  balita serta  anak usia sekolah Media yang dipakai adalah booklet,leaflet, spanduk, phantom payudara, contoh makanan sehat dan peralatan masak. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah pengetahuan para orang tua menjadi sangat baik tentang stunting, ASI ekslusif, perawatan payudara dan dapat mempraktekan kembali pengolahan makanan gizi seimbang. Kegiatan pendampingan kepada masyarakat desa kesetnana terus  dilanjutkan baik oleh petugas kesehatan maupun para kader kesehatan, tokoh masyarakat yang ada di desa tersebut.
Pembentukan "KIPAS: Kelompok Ibu Pintar, Anak Sehat" bersama Ibu-ibu Pengurus Cabang 'Aisyiah Umbulharjo
Authors: Hadning Ingenida , Maziyyah Nurul , Winanta Aji , Cahyaningsih Indriastuti , Taufani Indra Putra
Published: January 2023

Umbulharjo is the sub-district with the worst nutritional disaster in Yogyakarta City in 2020, with 37 children. Mother becomes an important figure who plays a role in family health. PCA Umbulharjo is one of the organizations that shelter mothers with various educational backgrounds, but are still lay about health problems. Therefore, this service program aims to provide education and training related to health and balanced nutrition for families. This service program was implemented on March 6, 2022 with 37 members of PCA Umbulharjo with presentations on materials related to the Gerakan Masyarakat Hidup Sehat (GERMAS) and balanced nutrition for families, then continued with training on making children's lunches (bento) and closed with the handover of funding and books related to making menus with balanced nutrition to partners. The age of the participants was 46-55 years (46%). The effectiveness of the implementation of activities was assessed by pretest and posttest. There was an increase in the average score of the participants from the pretest 79.39 to 92.12 in the posttest with a value of p = 0014, so it can be said that this activity is effective in increasing participants' understanding. Assistance to PCA Umbulharjo mothers needs to be carried out routinely to implement GERMAS and provide nutritional menus for families, so that they can help improve poor nutritional status in toddlers, especially in Umbulharjo sub-district.
Pemanfaatan Produk Pertanian sebagai Makanan Tambahan dan Bergizi melalui Posyandu Plus Berbasis Agronursing untuk Mengatasi Stunting
Authors: Susanto Tantut , Rokhani Rokhani , Yunanto Rismawan Adi , Rahmawati Ira , Merina Nuning Dwi
Published: January 2023

The problem of stunting can be immediately overcome by optimizing the local food sources. The purpose of this community service is to optimize the use of agricultural products as nutritious food through Posyandu Plus with an agronursing approach. The approach taken in this service is through participatory action research in Patemon and Bedadung Villages for 3 months. Partners are involved in the establishment, implementation, and evaluation of the Nursing Feeding Center Care. A series of activities were carried out including health education, group process for making additional food, empowerment in the food diversification program, and the implementation of posyandu plus. The measurement of the success of the program is carried out by increasing the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of mothers in the care of stunting toddlers. In addition, nutritional status (Z Score) is measured. The results showed that there was an increase in knowledge (17.1±2.1 vs 22.6±1.6; p-value <0.001) attitude (34.7±4.7 vs 40.2±3.5; p-value <0.001), and behavior (32.3±3.5 vs 39.3±3.1; p-value <0.001) of mothers. Furthermore, there was an improvement in stunting problems which was initially stunted by 24.1% to 41.4% not stunting (p-value = 0.027). The agronursing-based posyandu PLUS program was able to overcome stunting problems in the community
Metal-organic frameworks for food contaminant adsorption and detection
Authors: Guo Xueqi , Wang Lili , Wang Linjie , Huang Qingzhen , Bu Lijuan , Wang Qiang
Published: January 2023

Metal-organic framework materials (MOFs) have been widely used in food contamination adsorption and detection due to their large specific surface area, specific pore structure and flexible post-modification. MOFs with specific pore size can be targeted for selective adsorption of some contaminants and can be used as pretreatment and pre-concentration steps to purify samples and enrich target analytes for food contamination detection to improve the detection efficiency. In addition, MOFs, as a new functional material, play an important role in developing new rapid detection methods that are simple, portable, inexpensive and with high sensitivity and accuracy. The aim of this paper is to summarize the latest and insightful research results on MOFs for the adsorption and detection of food contaminants. By summarizing Zn-based, Cu-based and Zr-based MOFs with low cost, easily available raw materials and convenient synthesis conditions, we describe their principles and discuss their applications in chemical and biological contaminant adsorption and sensing detection in terms of stability, adsorption capacity and sensitivity. Finally, we present the limitations and challenges of MOFs in food detection, hoping to provide some ideas for future development.
Indigenous people's perception of indigenous agricultural knowledge for climate change adaptation in Khumbu, Nepal
Authors: Sherpa Tshering Ongmu
Published: January 2023

Introduction

There is a dearth of empirical work on indigenous people's perception of the effectiveness of indigenous agricultural knowledge and practices for climate change adaptation, especially in the mountain region. Existing scholarships in Nepal are concentrated on people's perception of climate change and verifying the effects of socio-economic variables on adopting adaptation strategies. There is a lack of application of a socio-psychological model to scrutinize subjective and cognitive factors influencing adaptation.

Methods

This study aims to utilize the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) to provide insights into the risk perception of climate change and the perception of adaptation efficacy of indigenous agricultural knowledge and practices. A randomly sampled questionnaire survey and focus group discussions were conducted in five villages in the Khumbu region of Nepal.

Results and discussion

The results indicated that indigenous peoples had observed changes in seasonality, a decrease in snowfall frequency, and an increase in rainfall, posing a significant threat to their lives and livelihood. The perception of adaptation efficacy assessment disclosed that indigenous knowledge is effective in adapting to changing climatic conditions. It was found that the knowledge has been evolving and remains dynamic and relevant even in the backdrop of climate change. However, there is a lack of formal recognition of indigenous knowledge by the government authorities. Hence, the study's findings accredit the significance of indigenous knowledge. From the viewpoint of the generational succession of knowledge and devising cost-effective climate change adaptation strategy, it indicates a dire need for its incorporation into local climate policies and action plans.
Case report: Thoracoscopic ablation for a patient with atrial fibrillation and persistent left superior vena cava
Authors: Liu Haozhong , Tan Tong , Qiu Hailong , Chen Jimei , Liu Jian , Wei Peijian , Guo Huiming
Published: January 2023

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a relatively rare congenital anomaly in the general population. It plays an important role in initiating and maintaining atrial fibrillation (AF) in some patients. Radiofrequency catheter ablation is the major treatment for patients with AF and PLSVC in most publications. Here, we reported a case of thoracoscopic ablation for a patient with atrial fibrillation and persistent left superior vena cava. After preprocedural simulation using virtual reality, we successfully completed box-lesion, ablation line from superior vena cava to inferior vena cava, left atrial appendage (LAA) excision, and PLSVC ablation. It provides a new perspective on surgical treatment for patients with AF and PLSVC.
Spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of reference evapotranspiration in the Yiluo river basin
Authors: Yizhe Li , Huiliang Wang , Xin Zhang , Chenhao Li , Zihao Tian , Qiufen Zhang , Xizhi Lv , Tianling Qin
Published: January 2023

The variations in the reference evapotranspiration (ET0) are closely related to meteorological factors. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationships between the meteorological factors and the ET0. Based on meteorological data from 26 meteorological stations in the Yiluo River Basin (YLRB) and its surrounding areas from 1958 to 2020, in this study, the temporal and spatial variations and driving factors of the ET0 in the YLRB are investigated. The results are as follows. Spatially, the annual ET0 decreases from the northeast to the southwest in the YLRB. Temporally, the annual ET0 exhibits a fluctuating decreasing trend rather than a monotonic decreasing trend during the entire period. The trend of the ET0 contains two mutation points, in 1972 and 1994. Thus, the research period can be divided into three periods. It is concluded that the variations in the ET0 are the most sensitive to the relative humidity, but the driving factor that contributes the most to the variations in the ET0 is the wind speed. The driving factors are closely related to the rates of relative change of the meteorological factors.
Experienced teacher educators hunting assumptions to examine their pedagogy: An international collaborative study
Authors: Brandenburg Robyn , Garbett Dawn , Ovens Alan Patrick , Thomas Lynn
Published: January 2023

The research presented in this article focuses on an international collaboration conducted by four experienced teacher educators who used assumption identification and examination to advance pedagogical practice. It describes and examines how teacher educators deliberately undertook reflective practices to inform and enhance teaching. Four vignettes are described and analyzed—Practica woes and Modelling practice—and examined using the simple, complicated, and complex teaching framework. The key outcomes include the impact and role of assumption definition, identification, and examination as powerful reflective tools. Researching practice in teacher education is an effective way to advance pedagogical knowledge and practice and a disposition of inquiry is necessary to enhance knowledge at all stages of teacher educator experience. This international collaboration highlights the importance of problematizing teaching, continually inquiring into and interrogating practice and grasping the teachable moments.
The role of taurine in male reproduction: Physiology, pathology and toxicology
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Peng Qianwen , Shang Jia , Dong Wanglin , Wu Sijia , Guo Xiajun , Xie Zhenxing , Chen Chaoran
Published: January 2023

Taurine, a sulfur-containing amino acid, has a wide range of biological effects, such as bile salt formation, osmotic regulation, oxidative stress inhibition, immunomodulation and neuromodulation. Taurine has been proved to be synthesized and abundant in male reproductive organs. Recently, accumulating data showed that taurine has a potential protective effect on reproductive function of male animals. In physiology, taurine can promote the endocrine function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis (HPT) axis, testicular tissue development, spermatogenesis and maturation, delay the aging of testicular structure and function, maintain the homeostasis of the testicular environment, and enhance sexual ability. In pathology, taurine supplement may be beneficial to alleviate pathological damage of male reproductive system, including oxidative damage of sperm preservation in vitro, testicular reperfusion injury and diabetes -induced reproductive complications. In addition, taurine acts as a protective agent against toxic damage to the male reproductive system by exogenous substances (e.g., therapeutic drugs, environmental pollutants, radiation). Related mechanisms include reduced oxidative stress, increased antioxidant capacity, inhibited inflammation and apoptosis, restored the secretory activity of the HPT axis, reduced chromosomal variation, enhanced sperm mitochondrial energy metabolism, cell membrane stabilization effect, etc. Therefore, this article reviewed the protective effect of taurine on male reproductive function and its detailed mechanism, in order to provide reference for further research and clinical application.
An optimal energy storage system sizing determination for improving the utilization and forecasting accuracy of photovoltaic (PV) power stations
Authors: Li Bin , Li Mingzhe , Yan Shiye , Zhang Yifan , Shi Bowen , Ye Jilei
Published: January 2023

As a new type of flexible regulation resource, energy storage systems not only smooth out the fluctuation of new energy generation but also track the generation scheduling combined with new energy power to enhance the reliability of new energy system operations. In recent years, installing energy storage for new on-grid energy power stations has become a basic requirement in China, but there is still a lack of relevant assessment strategies and techno-economic evaluation of the size determination of energy storage systems from the perspective of new energy power stations. Therefore, this paper starts from summarizing the role and configuration method of energy storage in new energy power stations and then proposes multidimensional evaluation indicators, including the solar curtailment rate, forecasting accuracy, and economics, which are taken as the optimization targets for configuring energy storage systems in PV power stations. Lastly, taking the operational data of a 4000 MWPV plant in Belgium, for example, we develop six scenarios with different ratios of energy storage capacity and further explore the impact of energy storage size on the solar curtailment rate, PV curtailment power, and economics. The method proposed in this paper is effective for the performance evaluation of large PV power stations with annual operating data, realizes the automatic analysis on the optimal size determination of energy storage system for PV power stations, and verifies the rationality of the principle for configuring energy storage for PV power stations in some regions of China.
The effect of grazing and reclamation on rodent community stability in the Alxa desert
Authors: Yuan Shuai , Zhang Hao-Ting , Li Xin , Yue Xiu-Xian , Fu He-Ping , Wu Xiao-Dong
Published: January 2023

Ecosystem stability has been of increasing interest in the past several decades as it helps predict the consequences of anthropogenic disturbances on ecosystems. A wild rodent community under reclamation and different grazing disturbances in the Alxa Desert was investigated using live trapping from 2006 to 2011. We studied the rodent community composition, community diversity, and variability of different life history strategies. These results showed that reclamation reduced rodent community stability by increasing temporal variability of community, reducing rodent community resistance as shown by decreasing dominance of KSS strategists, and increased the resistance variability of the rodent community by increasing the variability of abundance and richness for KSS strategists. Grazing reduced rodent community resilience by reducing the dominance of rRF strategists, and increased the resilience variability of the rodent community by increasing the variability of abundance and richness for rRF strategists. Those results may answer the three ecological questions about how ecosystems respond to disturbances from a diversity perspective. The ecosystems with intermediate disturbance are more stable, in other words, with higher resistance and resilience. The increase of KSS strategists means the increase of resistance of the community. The increase of rRF strategists means the increase of community resilience.
Sex differences in the utilization and outcomes of endovascular treatment after acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ouyang Menglu , Shajahan Sultana , Liu Xiaoying , Sun Lingli , Carcel Cheryl , Harris Katie , Anderson Craig S. , Woodward Mark , Wang Xia
Published: January 2023

Background

Studies of sex differences in the use and outcomes of endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke report inconsistent results

Methods

We systematically searched PubMed and Embase databases for studies examining sex-specific utilization of EVT for acute ischemic stroke published before 31 December 2021. Estimates were compared by study type: randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs (hospital-based, registry-based or administrative data). Random effects odds ratios (ORs) were generated to quantify sex differences in EVT use. To estimate sex differences in functional outcome on the modified Rankin scale after EVT, the female:male ratio of ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained from ordinal or binary analysis.

Results

6,396 studies were identified through database searching, of which 594 qualified for a full review. A total of 51 studies (36 non-RCT and 15 RCTs) reporting on sex-specific utilization of EVT were included, and of those 10 estimated the sex differences of EVT on functional outcomes. EVT use was similar in women and men both in non-RCTs (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.96–1.11) and RCTs (1.02, 95% CI: 0.89–1.16), with consistent results across years of publication and regions of study, except that in Europe EVT treatment was higher in women than men (1.15, 95% CI: 1.13–1.16). No sex differences were found in the functional outcome by either ordinal and binary analyses (ORs 0.95, 95% CI: 0.68–1.32] and 0.90, 95% CI: 0.65–1.25, respectively).

Conclusions

No sex differences in EVT utilization or on functional outcomes were evident after acute ischemic stroke from large-vessel occlusion. Further research may be required to examine sex differences in long-term outcomes, social domains, and quality of life.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=226100, identifier: CRD42021226100.
Pro-inflammatory cytokine responses to Naegleria fowleri infection
Authors: Chen Ching-wen , Moseman E. Ashley
Published: January 2023

Naegleria fowleri, or the “brain-eating amoeba,” is responsible for a rare, but lethal, infection known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Confirmed PAM cases have seen both a rise in numbers, as well as expansion of geographic range over the past several decades. There is no effective therapy for PAM and the clinical prognosis remains grim with a mortality rate over 95%. The role of the immune response in disease prevention and disease severity remains unclear. In this review, we explore potential roles of inflammatory immune responses to N. fowleri in disease pathogenesis with a primary focus on pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and TNFα. We also discuss modulating proinflammatory cytokines as an additional immune therapy in PAM treatment.
International practice analysis of the negative list: Chinese Example of shipping market access
Authors: Shi Yuanhong
Published: January 2023

The international shipping industry is unique and important. The negative list related to the opening up of the shipping industry is an important part of the reform and innovation of China’s pilot free trade zones. In recent years, as countries around the world continue to promote the process of opening up in the fields of trade and services, the negative list system has been used more in international investment and trade agreements. In the field of International Shipping, how to correctly grasp and apply the negative list system is an important topic. Starting with the general concept of the negative list system of shipping market access, this paper reviews and summarizes the developmental processes of the negative list of foreign capital market access in the shipping field since the establishment of Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone. It compares and analyzes the international contracting practice of the European Union and the United States as reflected in the negative list of shipping market access. It equally points out that the system connection between the negative list still existing in China’s shipping field and the international high standard negative list is not enough. It argues that the transparency of the negative list still needs to be further strengthened, as the rules behind the list and the awareness of its risk prevention are weak. In view of these hitches, this paper makes some suggestions that are tilted towards improving the negative list system of China’s shipping market access. It also continues the optimization of the negative list of shipping market access and the improvement of a conscious awareness aimed at avoiding the possible risks of the negative list. Finally, it makes a strong argument for a continuous improvement of China’s international shipping competitiveness.
NanoSTR: A method for detection of target short tandem repeats based on nanopore sequencing data
Authors: Lang Jidong , Xu Zhihua , Wang Yue , Sun Jiguo , Yang Zhi
Published: January 2023

Short tandem repeats (STRs) are widely present in the human genome. Studies have confirmed that STRs are associated with more than 30 diseases, and they have also been used in forensic identification and paternity testing. However, there are few methods for STR detection based on nanopore sequencing due to the challenges posed by the sequencing principles and the data characteristics of nanopore sequencing. We developed NanoSTR for detection of target STR loci based on the length-number-rank (LNR) information of reads. NanoSTR can be used for STR detection and genotyping based on long-read data from nanopore sequencing with improved accuracy and efficiency compared with other existing methods, such as Tandem-Genotypes and TRiCoLOR. NanoSTR showed 100% concordance with the expected genotypes using error-free simulated data, and also achieved >85% concordance using the standard samples (containing autosomal and Y-chromosomal loci) with MinION sequencing platform, respectively. NanoSTR showed high performance for detection of target STR markers. Although NanoSTR needs further optimization and development, it is useful as an analytical method for the detection of STR loci by nanopore sequencing. This method adds to the toolbox for nanopore-based STR analysis and expands the applications of nanopore sequencing in scientific research and clinical scenarios. The main code and the data are available at https://github.com/langjidong/NanoSTR.
Effects of a probiotic suspension Symprove™ on a rat early-stage Parkinson’s disease model
Authors: Sancandi Marco , De Caro Carmen , Cypaite Neringa , Marascio Nadia , Avagliano Carmen , De Marco Carmela , Russo Emilio , Constanti Andrew , Mercer Audrey
Published: January 2023

An increasing number of studies in recent years have focused on the role that the gut may play in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) pathogenesis, suggesting that the maintenance of a healthy gut may lead to potential treatments of the disease. The health of microbiota has been shown to be directly associated with parameters that play a potential role in PD including gut barrier integrity, immunity, function, metabolism and the correct functioning of the gut-brain axis. The gut microbiota (GM) may therefore be employed as valuable indicators for early diagnosis of PD and potential targets for preventing or treating PD symptoms. Preserving the gut homeostasis using probiotics may therefore lead to a promising treatment strategy due to their known benefits in improving constipation, motor impairments, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of probiotics in PD are yet to be clarified. In this project, we have tested the efficacy of an oral probiotic suspension, Symprove™, on an established animal model of PD. Symprove™, unlike many commercially available probiotics, has been shown to be resistant to gastric acidity, improve symptoms in gastrointestinal diseases and improve gut integrity in an in vitro PD model. In this study, we used an early-stage PD rat model to determine the effect of Symprove™ on neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in the brain and on plasma cytokine levels, GM composition and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) release. Symprove™ was shown to significantly influence both the gut and brain of the PD model. It preserved the gut integrity in the PD model, reduced plasma inflammatory markers and changed microbiota composition. The treatment also prevented the reduction in SCFAs and striatal inflammation and prevented tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cell loss by 17% compared to that observed in animals treated with placebo. We conclude that Symprove™ treatment may have a positive influence on the symptomology of early-stage PD with obvious implications for the improvement of gut integrity and possibly delaying/preventing the onset of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in human PD patients.
Mechanical thrombectomy of large vessel occlusion using adjustable vs. self-expanding stent-retriever—Comparison of Tigertriever device with stent-like stent-retrievers: A propensity score analysis
Authors: Piasecki Piotr , Wierzbicki Marek , Narloch Jerzy , Dębiec Aleksander , Staszewski Jacek
Published: January 2023

Background

Stent-retrievers used for mechanical thrombectomy are self-expanding tubular stent-like devices with modified mesh structures for clot removal. Tigertriever is designed to provide manual control of its diameter and curvature.

Methods

A retrospective single-center study was performed to compare Tigertriever with SolitaireX and pRESET (stent-like stent-retrievers group) using propensity score analysis. Patients treated in a comprehensive stroke center due to large vessel occlusion between January 2016 and August 2021 were evaluated. Baseline characteristics and treatment results were compared between these groups before and after pair matching.

Results

There were 140 patients (60 in Tigertriever and 80 in the stent-like stent-retriever group). In propensity score analysis, 52 matched pairs were selected in Tigertriever and stent-like stent-retriever groups. The Tigertriever group had a better successful first pass revascularization rate [46 vs. 23%, OR (95% CI): 1.7 (1.1–2.9), p = 0.013] and 14-min shorter groin-to-revascularization time (51 vs. 65 min. p = 0.017). There were no significant differences between Tigertriever and stent-like stent-retriever groups in the following: favorable mRS 3 months, favorable recanalization rate, and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhages. There were no observed periprocedural adverse events related to Tigertriever, SolitaireX, or pRESET.

Conclusion

Tigertriever had a significantly better successful first pass revascularization rate and shorter groin-to-revascularization time in the analysis done before and after propensity score matching with stent-like stent-retrievers. Tigertriever is comparable to stent-like stent-retrievers regarding mortality at 3 months, favorable mRS at 3 months, favorable recanalization rate, or symptomatic cerebral hemorrhagic events.
Development and external validation of a prognostic model for occult atrial fibrillation in patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Wang Xuan , Meng Longyan , Zhao Yanxin , Liu Xueyuan
Published: January 2023

Objective

Currently, the risk of occult atrial fibrillation (AF) could not be predicted in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) using a simple scoring system. Therefore, in this study, we developed and externally validated a nomogram to predict occult AF in patients with AIS.

Methods

In this study, we prospectively conducted a development cohort study with data collected at our stroke center from July 2017 to February 2018, and an external validation cohort from March 2019 to December 2019.

Results

Follow-up data were collected from 177 participants (56.5% older than 65 years, 29.4% female) for generating the nomogram model. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed with AF as the dependent variable indicated that age >65 years, heart rate >100, C-reactive protein (CRP), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) >270, hemorrhagic transformation (HT) as independent variables for predicting the development of AF, and a nomogram was generated based on these factors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) for the model was 0.937, the C-index was 0.926, and the AUC-ROC for the validation cohort was 0.913.

Conclusion

To our knowledge, this is the first nomogram developed and externally validated in a stroke center cohort for individualized prediction of risk of developing AIS in patients with occult AF. This nomogram could provide valuable information for the screening of occult AF after a stroke.
Activated microglia and neuroinflammation as a pathogenic mechanism in Leigh syndrome
Authors: Daneshgar Nastaran , Leidinger Mariah R. , Le Stephanie , Hefti Marco , Prigione Alessandro , Dai Dao-Fu
Published: January 2023

Neuroinflammation is one of the main mechanisms leading to neuronal death and dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. The role of microglia as primary mediators of inflammation is unclear in Leigh syndrome (LS) patients. This study aims to elucidate the role of microglia in LS progression by a detailed multipronged analysis of LS neuropathology, mouse and human induced pluripotent stem cells models of Leigh syndrome. We described brain pathology in three cases of Leigh syndrome and performed immunohistochemical staining of autopsy brain of LS patients. We used mouse model of LS (Ndufs4−/−) to study the effect of microglial partial ablation using pharmacologic approach. Genetically modified human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) derived neurons and brain organoid with Ndufs4 mutation were used to investigate the neuroinflammation in LS. We reported a novel observation of marked increased in Iba1+ cells with features of activated microglia, in various parts of brain in postmortem neuropathological examinations of three Leigh syndrome patients. Using an Ndufs4−/− mouse model for Leigh syndrome, we showed that partial ablation of microglia by Pexidartinib initiated at the symptom onset improved neurological function and significantly extended lifespan. Ndufs4 mutant LS brain organoid had elevated NLRP3 and IL6 pro-inflammatory pathways. Ndufs4-mutant LS iPSC neurons were more susceptible to glutamate excitotoxicity, which was further potentiated by IL-6. Our findings of LS human brain pathology, Ndufs4-deficient mouse and iPSC models of LS suggest a critical role of activated microglia in the progression of LS encephalopathy. This study suggests a potential clinical application of microglial ablation and immunosuppression during the active phase of Leigh syndrome.
Role of B7 family members in glioma: Promising new targets for tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Mengxi , Wang Gang , Wu Hui
Published: January 2023

Glioma, is a representative type of intracranial tumor among adults, usually has a weak prognosis and limited treatment options. Traditional therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have had little impact on patient survival time. Immunotherapies designed to target the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) signaling pathway have successfully treated various human cancers, informing the development of similar therapies for glioma. However, anti-PD-L1 response rates remain limited in glioma patients. Thus, exploring novel checkpoints targeting additional immunomodulatory pathways for activating durable antitumor immune responses and improving glioma outcomes is needed. Researchers have identified other B7 family checkpoint molecules, including PD-L2, B7-H2, B7-H3, B7-H4, and B7-H6. The current review article evaluates the expression of all 10 reported members of the B7 family in human glioma using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) data, as well as summarizes studies evaluating the clinical meanings and functions of B7 family molecules in gliomas. B7 family checkpoints may contribute to different immunotherapeutic management options for glioma patients.
Systemic Catheter-Related Venous Thromboembolism in Children: Data From the Italian Registry of Pediatric Thrombosis
Authors: Lasagni Donatella , Nosadini Margherita , Molinari Angelo Claudio , Saracco Paola , Pelizza Maria Federica , Piersigilli Fiammetta , Putti Maria Caterina , Gaffuri Marcella , Giordano Paola , Lorenzoni Giulia , Francavilla Andrea , Trapani Sandra , Luciani Matteo , Suppiej Agnese , Tufano Antonella , Tormene Daniela , Martinato Matteo , Gregori Dario , Sartori Stefano , Simioni Paolo ,   The Systemic Thromboses Working Group of the Italian Registry of Pediatric Thrombosis (RITI Registro Italiano Trombosi Infantili)
Published: January 2023

Background

Central venous catheters (CVCs) represent one of the main risk factors for venous thrombotic events (VTEs) in children.

Methods

We studied the Italian Registry of Pediatric Thrombosis (RITI) with regard to systemic radiologically confirmed CVC-related VTEs (CVC-VTEs) occurred during 6.5 years in children aged 29 days to 18 years.

Results

A total of 78 CVC-VTEs were included, which occurred in 76 patients (40/76, 53% males). CVC-VTEs comprised 67 non-cardiac VTEs (86%) and 11 intracardiac thrombotic events (ICTEs) (14%); the median age at onset was 19 and 17 months, respectively. The most frequent reason for CVC insertion was supportive therapy. The catheters were placed percutaneously in 85% of cases (56/66) and surgically in the remaining 15% (10/66). Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) were used in 47% (31/66) cases, partially implanted catheters in 42% (28/66), non-implantable catheters in 7% (5/66), and totally implanted catheters (Port) in 2% (1/66). CVC-VTEs were symptomatic in 77% of cases (60/78), while in the remaining 23%, they were incidentally detected on the imaging performed for the underlying condition. The median time between CVC insertion and the onset of symptoms was 10 days in non-cardiac VTEs and 39 days in ICTEs. Doppler ultrasound was the diagnostic technique most frequently used. The venous compartment most frequently affected was the veins of the lower extremities (52%, 43/73). Anti-thrombotic treatment was administered in 96% of CVC-VTEs (75/78). About 2.6% (2/76) of patients experienced a second thrombotic event. At discharge, post-thrombotic syndrome was reported in 13.5% (5/37) events with available data, CVC replacement in 10.8% (4/47), and ischemic necrosis with toe finger amputation in 2.7% (1/37). Three patients died due to an underlying condition; no CVC-VTE-related deaths were reported.

Conclusions

We have carried out a registry-based study on CVC-VTEs in the children in Italy, providing the data that may help improve the detection and management of this CVC-related complication.
Case Report: Gut and spleen anomalies associated with DYRK1A syndrome
Authors: Infantino I. , Tocchioni F. , Ghionzoli M. , Coletta R. , Morini F. , Morabito A.
Published: January 2023

DYRK1A syndrome has been extensively studied primarily with regard to neurologic and other phenotypic features such as skeleton and craniofacial alterations. In the present paper, we aim to highlight unusual anomalies associated with a DYRK1A mutation: a 17-year-old female patient with language and cognitive delay, microcephaly, and an autistic disorder, who was operated upon for spleen torsion with anomalous gut fixation.