bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Food Intakes of Diabetes, Hypertension and Heart Disease Patients with Clinical Symptoms of COVID-19 and Asymptomatic Controls.
Authors: Mohseni Houra , Amini Shirin , Abiri Behnaz , Kalantar Mojtaba
Published: October 2020

Background: In recent months, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health challenge. Nutrition is a key determining factor of health. In the present research, we assess and compare dietary food groups and nutrient supplements intake of diabetic, hypertensive and heart disease patients with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 and asymptomatic controls.Methods: This retrospective case-control research was conducted on 98 patients with diabetes, hypertension, and/or heart disease that 37 of them were COVID-19 positive with clinical symptoms. Dietary intakes of participants were recorded using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which was designed and validated for the Iranian population.Results: 54% of all subjects had nutritional supplements consumption in the last 6 months, and there was no significant difference in the type of nutritional supplements between cases and controls. There was no significant difference in the median intake of food groups, in the last year, in metabolic syndrome patients with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 compared to controls. Crud OR shown, adequate consumption of any food groups was not associated with the occurrence of COVID-19. Conclusion: While dietary intake and nutritional supplements may be excellent promise for preventing clinical symptoms of COVID-19, however, up to now, researches are not enough for recommending these supplements above the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19.
Sleep Apnea and Diabetes Predict Progression of Cardiac Diastolic Dysfunction in Pre-heart Failure Patients: a Prospective Cohort HSCAA Study
Authors: Kidawara Yonekazu , Kadoya Manabu , Morimoto Akiko , Daimon Takashi , Kakutani-Hatayama Miki , Kosaka-Hamamoto Kae , Miyoshi Akio , Konishi Kosuke , Kusunoki Yoshiki , Shoji Takuhito , Goda Akiko , Asakura Masanori , Ishihara Masaharu , Koyama Hidenori
Published: October 2020

[Background] Sleep apnea, a common co-morbid condition of diabetes, has been shown to be associated with established heart failure. However, its role in association of the presence of diabetes in the progression of cardiac diastolic function in pre-heart failure phase is not known. This prospective study is to longitudinally examine the predictive value of sleep apnea and diabetes on progression of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction in patients without heart disease.[Methods] Among 976 patients registered in HSCAA prospective cohort study, 517 without heart disease (175 type 2 diabetes, 342 non-diabetes) were followed with repeated echocardiography in every 1-3 years for a mean 34.7 months. LV diastolic dysfunction was determined by transmitral early inflow velocity/early diastolic tissue velocity (E/e´) >14. Annual change in E/e’ was calculated by using the slope of the linear regression line calculated from at least 3 echocardiographic measurements. Sleep apnea was determined by an apnomonitor device in conjunction with percutaneous oxygen saturation, and apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was calculated.[Results] Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed that subjects with diabetes or sleep apnea had a significantly (p<0.01) greater risk for LV diastolic dysfunction, with hazards ratio of 2.21 (1.41-3.47) and 2.23 (1.40-3.55), respectively. Subjects with sleep apnea exhibited significantly higher risk for LV diastolic dysfunction in non-diabetic subjects (p<0.01), while showed tendency of higher risk in diabetic subjects (p=0.10). The annual change of E/e’ was significantly and independently associated with both diabetes (β=0.278, p<0.01) and AHI (β=0.138, p<0.01). Finally, ROC analyses revealed that addition of AHI and diabetes to classical risk factors best predicted individuals with fast progression of diastolic dysfunction (annual change of E/e’ >1.0) with an AUC of 0.81.[Conclusions] In patients without heart disease, sleep apnea is an important predictor for progression of LV diastolic dysfunction. Its association is partly confounded, but still independent of the presence of diabetes.
Impact of Pre-percutaneous Coronary Intervention Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Flow Grade in Patients With ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Prediabetes or Diabetes After Successful Newer-generation Drug-eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Kim Yong Hoon , Her Ae-Young , Jeong Myung Ho , Kim Byeong-Keuk , Hong Sung-Jin , Kim Seunghwan , Ahn Chul-Min , Kim Jung-Sun , Ko Young-Guk , Choi Donghoon , Hong Myeong-Ki , Jang Yangsoo
Published: October 2020

Background: Studies comparing long-term clinical outcomes between prediabetes and diabetes based on pre-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after successful PCI with newer-generation drug-eluting stents are limited. We compared 2-year clinical outcomes of these two groups. Methods: Overall, 6448 STEMI patients were divided into two groups: pre-PCI TIMI 0/1 group (n = 4854) and pre-PCI TIMI 2/3 group (n = 1594). Subsequently, these two groups were further divided into patients with normoglycemia, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The major endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), defined as all-cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction, or any repeat revascularization. Results: After adjustment, in the pre-PCI TIMI 0/1 group, the cumulative incidence of all-cause death was higher in both prediabetes (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.633, p = 0.045) and T2DM (aHR: 2.064, p = 0.002) groups than in the normoglycemia group. In the pre-PCI TIMI 2/3 group, the cumulative incidence of any repeat revascularization was higher in both prediabetes (aHR: 2.511, p = 0.039) and T2DM (aHR: 3.156, p = 0.009) groups than in the normoglycemia group. However, in each group (pre-PCI TIMI 0/1 or 2/3), the cumulative incidences of MACEs and all other clinical outcomes were not significantly different between the prediabetes and T2DM groups. Conclusions: In this retrospective registry study, prediabetes showed worse clinical outcomes similar to those of T2DM regardless of the pre-PCI TIMI flow grade. However, further studies are warranted to confirm these results.
Multilocus Variable Number of Tandem Repeat Analysis for molecular typing of uropathogenic Escherichia coli
Authors: Ranjbar Reza , Dehkordi Farhad Safarpoor , Mashhouri Morteza , Farahani Omid
Published: October 2020

Background: The aim of this study was genotyping of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) based on Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTRs) sequences. Methods: E. coli strains isolated from urine samples were included in this study. Seven VNTR loci were subjected to Multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) based on PCR amplification. Then data was analyzed via online mlvaplus software and the information was displayed in the form of MST analysis. Results: A total of 100 E. coli strains were isolated and subjected to the study. MLVA was able to differentiate 56 different genotypes. Also, the technique could classify E. coli isolates in 5 clonal complexes. Based on UPGMA dendrograms, E. coli isolates were classified into 4 clusters (clusters A to D). The strains associated with Complex No. 1 appeared to be dominant pathogens of UPEC in Tehran's patients. The present study provides valuable insights into the genetic relationships of E. coli isolates recovered from clinical cases in a major hospital in Iran. Conclusions: The analysis of MLVA profiles using the MST algorithm showed the usefulness of the MLVA method in the classification of uropathogenic E. coli collected in different periods. We evaluated MLVA in a laboratory equipped with simple molecular equipment. Based on these results, it has been assumed that the E. coli strains were derived from a limited number of clones that have undergo a small genetic change during this period.
Efficacy and safety of a ketogenic diet in children with drug-resistant epilepsy
Authors: Wang Juan , Jiang Li , Guo Yi , Cheng Min
Published: October 2020

Background: To prospectively evaluate the efﬁcacy and safety of a ketogenic diet (KD) in managing seizures in children with drug-resistant epilepsy and identify factors influencing its efﬁcacy in a Chinese cohort. Methods: Ninety-two pediatric patients (55 males, 37 females), aged 3 months to 10 years (29.26±24.18 months), with drug-resistant epilepsy who followed a KD for 1-12 months were included. The efficacy of the KD was evaluated by assessing the seizure frequency, as reported by parents/caregivers. The effects of demographic and clinical variables on patients’ duration on the KD were analyzed.Results: At the 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups, 78.26%, 75%, 80%, and 93.10% of patients were responsive to KD therapy, respectively. Five non-responders at 3 months became responsive by 6 months. Age, disease duration, seizure type, etiology, anti-epileptic drug (AED) type, and KD ratio did not affect treatment efﬁcacy. After the KD, changes in AEDs and electroencephalography and imaging findings were statistically significant (p<0.05). Only 4.34% patients experienced complications requiring medical intervention. Conclusions: KD is an effective and well-tolerated therapy for children with drug-resistant epilepsy. The KD adherence rate largely depends on its efﬁcacy. Genetic information relating to the diet response and synergistic effect between KD and AEDs requires further study. Clinical trial has registered at Chinese clinical trial registry: http://www.chictr.org.cnRegistration numbers: ChiCTR2000031394. Date: (30/03/2020)Availability of data and material: http://www.medresman.org.cn/uc/index.aspxCode availability (software application or custom code): ziyan030815, wangjuan030815
Linear Mixed Modeling of CD4 Cell Counts of HIV Infected Children Treated with Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Anjullo Belay Belete , Teni Derbachew Asfaw
Published: October 2020

Background: HIV is a major health problem in the world and failure to implement prevention programs result in an increased number of infections among newborns.The goal of this study was to investigate the evolution and determinants of CD4 cell count among HIV-infected children who were under ART. Methods: We follow-up a cohort of 201 children aged under fifteen years from Oct. 2013-to-Mar. 2017 at Adama Hospital in Ethiopia. To get insight into the data, exploratory data analysis was performed on the change in the longitudinal CD4 cell count. Results: At the baseline the average number of CD4 cell counts was 468.5 cells/mm3 of blood with a standard deviation of 319.11 cells/mm3. Here we employed the random intercept and the random slope linear mixed-effects model to analyze the data. Among predictor variables, observation time, baseline age, WHO clinical stage, history of TB and functional status were determinant factors for the mean change in the square root of CD4 cell count.Conclusions: The finding revealed that; the change in the square root of CD4 cell count increases with an increment of age at diagnosis. Regarding WHO clinical stages of patients, those who were in stage III and stage IV of the HIV/AIDs disease stages relatively had lower CD4 cell counts than stage I patients. This shows the change in the square root of CD4 cell counts of stage III and stage IV patients were 6.43 and 9.28 times lower than stage I patients respectively. Similarly, we noticed observation time, history of TB, and functional status had significantly associated with the mean change in the square root of CD4 cell count.
Alterations in sensorimotor and mesiotemporal cortices and diffuse white matter changes in primary progressive multiple sclerosis detected by adiabatic relaxometry
Authors: Filip Pavel , Dufek Michal , Mangia Silvia , Michaeli Shalom , Bares Martin , Schwarz Daniel , Vojtisek Lubomir
Published: October 2020

Background: The research of primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) has not been able to capitalize on recent progresses in advanced MRI protocols searching for disease-specific microstructural changes. Methods: Conventional free precession T1 and T2, and rotating frame adiabatic T1ρ and T2ρ maps in combination with diffusion weighted parameters were acquired in 13 PPMS patients and 13 age and sex-matched controls.Results: T1ρ, a marker of crucial relevance for PPMS due to its sensitivity to neuronal loss, revealed large-scale changes in mesiotemporal structures, sensorimotor cortex and cingulate, in combination with diffuse alterations in the white matter and cerebellum. T2ρ, particularly sensitive to local tissue background gradients and thus indicator of iron accumulation, concurred with similar topography of damage, but of lower extent. Moreover, these adiabatic protocols completely dwarfed the outcomes of both conventional T1 and T2 maps and diffusion tensor/kurtosis approaches –methods previously implicated in the MRI research of PPMS.Conclusion: This study introduces adiabatic T1ρ and T2ρ as elegant markers confirming large-scale cortical grey matter, cerebellar and white matter alterations in PPMS invisible to other in vivo biomarkers.
Analysis of risk factors and clinical indicators in bloodstream infections among patients with hematological malignancy : a retrospective study
Authors: Ma Yating , Yang Ming , Bao Jinfeng , Wang Chengbin
Published: October 2020

Background: The incidence of bloodstream infection caused by bacteremia is more common in patients with hematological malignancy. It is important to distinguish infectious episodes from non-infectious episodes. The present study was aimed to describe epidemiology and clinical indexes for in-hospital infection of hematological malignancy patients.Methods: Single-center retrospective research was performed on hematological malignancy patients admitted to our hospital from July 2015 to March 2018. Laboratory and clinical information from 322 febrile patients were acquired. These episodes were divided by blood culture results into two groups: (1) blood culture positive group, (2) blood culture negative group.Results: In the 322 febrile cases, 81 (25.2%) patients were blood culture positive, and among them, Gram-negative bacteria (51.9%) were more isolated than Gram-positive bacteria (32.1%) and fungi (7.4%). Gram-negative bacteria were more likely to have a drug resistance than Gram-positive bacteria. Independent risk factors revealed that patients with complications, high levels of procalcitonin (PCT), glucose, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and d-dimer (D-D), and low concentration of albumin were correlated with occurrence of infection. PCT, IL-6 and D-D performed well in differentiating not only the infection group from the non-infection group, but also in the Gram-negative group from the Gram-positive group with the areas under the curve all above 0.75.Conclusions: We analyzed the risk factors for bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancy, the distribution of bacteria, antibiotics resistance and the changes of clinical parameters. This single-center retrospective study may provide clinicians insight to the diagnosis and treatment of infection.
Lay Social Workers implementing a task-sharing approach to managing depression in Vietnam
Authors: Chau Leena W. , Murphy Jill , Cong Nguyen Vu , Lou Hayami , Khanh Huyen , Thu Trang , Minas Harry , O'Neil John
Published: October 2020

Background

While depression is a leading contributor to burden of disease in Vietnam, there is a critical gap in depression care due to the shortage of mental health specialists and extremely limited mental health services in general health care settings. We have previously reported the effectiveness of a supported self-management (SSM) task-sharing intervention for depression, delivered by social collaborators (lay social workers). The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing the effectiveness of delivery of SSM by social collaborators and delineate areas for further attention that are relevant for scale-up.
Methods

A hundred and ten (110) key informant interviews were conducted with three stakeholder groups (patients, social collaborators, experts) from eight provinces in Vietnam. Participants were identified through records from a recently completed randomized trial that showed the effectiveness of SSM in community-based settings in Vietnam. Qualitative descriptive methods and thematic analysis were used to examine the interviews. A coding framework and corresponding themes were developed deductively, based on the findings from the randomized trial and the literature, and through inductive analysis, to describe the contextual factors that impacted the social collaborators’ role in successfully implementing the SSM intervention.
Results

Our analysis identified the following benefits of working with social collaborators: 1) increased awareness of mental health in the family and community; 2) reduced stigma; 3) a better understanding that depression is treatable; 4) increased help-seeking; and 5) improved access to care. There were also significant challenges, including social collaborator characteristics (age, education, pre-existing training and skills) and contextual factors influencing their work (roles and responsibilities, training, compensation, support from government).
Conclusions

Engaging social collaborators in the delivery of SSM in the community can help fill a critical gap in depression care in Vietnam. However, several contextual challenges that are an impediment to increased engagement and sustainable integration into health and social systems need to be resolved through policy change to regulate their practice, define their scope of work, and provide adequate remuneration.
Efektivitas E-Learning terhadap Kemampuan Koneksi Matematis Siswa di Kelompok Kerja Madrasah Tsanawiyah Kabupaten Tulungagung
Authors: Susanti Elly , Turmudi Turmudi , Jauhari Muhammad Nafie , Harini Sri , Lubab Ahmad , Rizqiyah Anisatur
Published: October 2020

Madrasah students' mathematical connection skills need to be of particular concern in the process of learning mathematics. Connection skills are the base for students to connect concepts in mathematics, mathematical concepts with other science concepts and mathematical concepts with everyday life. One of the efforts made in overcoming this problem is to use e-learning. Descriptive quantitative research methods are used to see how effective e-learning is for students' mathematical connection abilities. A total of 30 students were selected as research samples for data collection. Data processing techniques were divided into control groups and subsequent experiments were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the effectiveness of technology-based e-learning included moderate criteria with an ING score of 0.56, whereas the study group without e-learning included moderate criteria with an ING value of 0.29. In conclusion, there is an increase in student learning outcomes after using e-learning media. t-test was obtained > with 0.007 <∝ (0.05) indicating that e-learning was effective to improve the mathematical connection ability of Madrasah Tsanawiyah students.
Pengembangan Media Magic Geometry pada Materi Bangun Ruang Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sintawati Mukti , Rudiyanta Mifta , Nuryanto Muhammad
Published: October 2020

Learning mathematics in elementary school is expected to adjust to the cognitive development of students. Abstract mathematical concepts make students need help to understand them. This study aims to develop mathematics learning media geometry for 4th grade elementary school students. This development research uses the Borg & Gall research model which was carried out to the seventh stage, namely research and information collecting, planning, developing preliminary form a product, preliminary field testing, main product revision, main field testing, and operational product revision. Product trials were conducted at Ngablak Public Elementary School. Data collection instruments were using a questionnaire. The questionnaire used to assess the appropriateness of the media was an expert validation assessment sheet, while the teachers’ assessment sheet and students’ response questionnaire were used to determine the practicality of the product. The validation results from the experts obtained that the Magic Geometry media was declared very appropriate to be used in learning mathematics with an average score of 4.45. The results of the teacher practicality assessment were stated to be very practical with a score of 4.9 and the student’s response questionnaire received an average score of 4.2 with a practical category. The results of the student response questionnaire also showed that Magic Geometry made learning becomes more interesting and materials easier to understand.
KOREKSI ATAS : PERSPEKTIF “ONTOLOGI” DALAM FILSAFAT ILMU (Telaah Atas Buku Filsafat Ilmu Tulisan Jujun S. Suriasumantri)
Authors: Ghafir Abdul
Published: October 2020

Each discipline of Sciences has a scope of discussion on the basis of epistemology which is the reference in the discussion. Something particular epistemology may be a reference from some science or may be di erent epistemology. . However, the message to be conveyed by a particular science, should be di erent, at least in terms of the speci cations and provisions applicable in that science, including in terms of the terminology used. If this is ignored, it will cause confusion of understanding and in turn the message to be delivered discipline does not reach the target, even it raises the problem. Moreover, between Philosophy and Science, there is clearly a signi cant epistemological di erence. If Philosophy departs from the spirit of contemplative thinking that is not legitimated with the involution of any discipline, in a free and underserved discourse. While Science departs from certain rules, even depended on a particular discipline.  is means that speaking of Philosophy must be independent of any discipline, speci cation and legitimacy context.  is paper attempts to describe some of the terms applicable in Philosophy of Sciences which should not have happened and is legitimate to be corrected, otherwise it can be interpreted to straighten understanding. Namely the use of the term “Philosophy” which is quali ed by the term “Science” and the term “ontology” on the book Philosophy of Science (A Popular Introduction), by Jujun S. Suriasumantri published by: Pustaka Sinar Harapan, Jakarta, 1996.
Kontribusi Ulama Perempuan dalam Perkembangan Islam di Nusantara
Authors: Zahara Adibah Ida
Published: October 2020

Diskursus tentang keikutsertaan perempuan dalam dakwah Islam sudah terjadi pada masa awal agama ini berdiri, yaitu sejak Nabi Muhammad masih hidup. Di dalam perkembangan Islam di Indonesia sendiri, keberadaan ulama perempuan tidak dapat dinegasikan andilnya yang begitu signifikan. Namun, penulisan sejarah kita masih kurang memberikan ruang yang luas untuk peran perempuan dalam perkembangan Islam di Nusantara ini. Peran perempuan dalam masyarakat dipertanyakan tentang siapa dan apa benar bahwa itu wanita. Makalah ini secara singkat mencoba mengangkat peran tokoh-tokoh perempuan Indonesia yang mempunyai kadar keulamaan dalam perkembangan islam di Nusantara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sejarah dalam mengungkap peran keulamaan dari beberapa sudut pandang keilmuan, pengalaman dan akhlak yang dimilikinya.
HUMANISME PENDIDIKAN : KRITIK TERHADAP MATERI SEJARAH KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM DI MTS
Authors: Saifuddin Khamim , Ibda Hamidulloh
Published: October 2020

Dewasa ini iklim kehidupan sosial masyarakat mengalami goncangan peradaban. Semua tidak bisa dilepaskan dengan pendidikan yang diberikan. Mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam sebagai salah satu mata pelajaran wajib sangat berkontribusi mewarnai pembentukan pola fikir anak ke depan. Tulisan ini bermaksud memberikan kritik wacana terhadap materi tersebut dengan menggunakan sudut pandang konsep humanisme pendidikan. Dalam artikel ini pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif di rasa tepat digunakan melihat obyek yang diteliti, sedangkan metode pengambilan datanya bersumber dari library research.  Khusus materi di tingkat MTs, penulis melihat ada beberapa kejanggalan tentang materi tersebut. Pengambilan materi terlalu mengedepankan masalah kekerasan yang berimbas pada intoleransi meski tidak bisa dimungkiri hal tersebut benar-benar terjadi dalam perjalanan sejarah. Kesetaraan gender, semangat pembebasan dan psikologi anak kurang diberikan secara berimbang sehingga muncul sebuah stigma bahwa materi ini kurang proporsional dan hanya memberikan pemahaman tentang semangat menindas dan mengalahkan
Factores que determinan la producción de becerros en el sistema vaca-cría del Estado de Tabasco, México
Authors: Bautista-Martínez Yuridia , Granados-Zurita Lorenzo , Joaquín-Cancino Santiago , Ruiz-Albarrán Miguel , Garay-Martínez Jonathan Raúl , Infante-Rodríguez Fidel , Granados-Rivera Lorenzo Danilo
Published: October 2020

Introducción: El sistema vaca-cría consiste en la producción de becerros al destete para su posterior venta y engorde. En el Estado de Tabasco, un porcentaje alto de productores se dedica a esta actividad. Sin embargo, es poca la información que existe sobre este sistema de producción. El objetivo del presente estudio fue caracterizar el sistema de producción vaca-cría, e identificar los factores que afectan la producción de becerros en el Estado de Tabasco.Método: Para ello, se entrevistó a 342 productores, con base en una encuesta estructurada; con ella, se obtuvo información sobre datos del productor, características sociales, infraestructura, estructuras del hato, y prácticas productivas y de manejo. Para identificar los tipos de productores, se realizó un análisis de conglomerado por el método de Ward y distancia euclidiana al cuadrado; y para identificar las variables que explican la producción de becerros, se realizó un análisis de regresión lineal.Resultados: El análisis de conglomerado identificó tres tipos de productores: 1) pequeños; 2) medianos; y 3) grandes. El 63.4 % de los productores se clasificaron como pequeños (< de 14 vacas en producción); 29 % como medianos (entre 15 y 34 vacas en producción); y 7.6 % como productores grandes (entre 35 y 80 vacas en producción). En los tres tipos de productores, el número de vacas en producción, el índice de adopción de tecnología y la cantidad de alimento concentrado explican la producción de becerros.Discusión o Conclusión: La caracterización del sistema vaca-cría de regiones tropicales es importante, debido a que más de la mitad de la ganadería de dichas regiones utiliza este sistema de producción. Además, conocer los factores que determinan la producción de becerros puede ayudar a generar estrategias para el apoyo de este tipo de productores y mejorar las variables productivas del sistema.
Removal of dissolved organic nitrogen amino acid from aqueous solutions using activated carbon based on date pits
Authors: Belhamdi Badreddine , Merzougui Zoulikha , Laksaci Hamza , Belabed Chemseddine , Boudiaf Salim , Trari Mohamed
Published: October 2020

Nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) in chlorinated drinking water are receiving increasing attention due to their elevated toxicities. An effective strategy to control N-DBP formation is to reduce their nitrogenous precursors (amino acids) before disinfection. This work was undertaken to study free amino acid l-tyrosine adsorption onto two activated carbons synthesized from date pits. The amino acid is plentiful in low-molecular weight algal organic matter, which helps the formation of nitrogenous and carbonaceous disinfection by-products during water treatment. The equilibrium adsorption of l-tyrosine was studied on well-characterized activated carbons prepared by KOH (ACK) and ZnCl2 (ACZ) activation, possessing textural properties evaluated by SEM analysis, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms and FT-IR spectroscopy. Batch experiments were conducted to determine the activated carbons’ adsorption capacities. The effect of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, solution pH, and temperature were studied. The Langmuir model gave the best fit for the experimental data of l-tyrosine with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 178.57 and 102.04 mg·g−1 on ACK and ACZ, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° were also estimated for the adsorption study. The adsorption was spontaneous and exothermic, and involved physisorption.
O NE BIS IN IDEM E O PRINCÍPIO DO DESCONTO NA LEI DE INTRODUÇÃO ÀS NORMAS DO DIREITO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Gomes Mendes Diniz Bráulio
Published: October 2020

O texto analisa os possíveis reflexos das novas regras de direito público incluídas na Lei de Introdução às Normas do Direito Brasileiro (LINDB) na efetivação do princípio do ne bis in idem. Na parte inicial, destacam-se aspectos mais gerais que podem trazer alguma insegurança jurídica, como a sujeição a intepretações consequencialistas das três diferentes esferas mencionadas na lei, em especial pela menção a uma subespécie de instância administrativa, que seria a controladora, o que expõe a efetiva existência de um bis in idem no ordenamento jurídico em matéria de controle no Brasil. A despeito disso, destaca-se a adoção do denominado princípio do desconto ou da compensação no art. 23, §3º, da Lei, o que suaviza o bis in idem então existente. Por fim, apresenta-se um caso hipotético de fraude em licitação para demonstrar de que forma aplicação do princípio do desconto seria possível para as sanções de mesma natureza aplicadas em diferentes processos nas esferas judicial, controladora e administrativa.
SILÊNCIO CONSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Garcia Gil Arilson
Published: October 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objeto de estudo o Silêncio Constitucional. No curso da pesquisa verificou-se que a delimitação do Silêncio Constitucional como instituto da Hermenêutica Constitucional é pressuposto da racionalidade jurídica das decisões judiciais de efetivação dos Direitos Fundamentais. Para que o Silêncio Constitucional seja uma das vias de desenvolvimento do Estado Democrático de Direito, este trabalho propõe-se ao estudo de sua categorização pela Teoria do Silêncio Eloquente na doutrina nacional e na Jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), em especial para responder se existe adequação da referida teoria para interpretação da Constituição Federal de 1988. A Pesquisa foi executada sob o enfoque da dogmática jurídica, portanto, com utilização preponderante do método dedutivo. Foi utilizado o método indutivo na parte do trabalho em que foi necessária a análise de casos concretos da Jurisprudência do STF. As conclusões centrais do trabalho são o risco ao Estado Democrático de Direito diante da ausência de uniformidade metodológica e de categorias da hermenêutica na interpretação do Silêncio Constitucional e a insegurança jurídica causada pela falta de controle da racionalidade das decisões judicial por meio de critérios objetivos. Diante do paradigma construído a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988, o trabalho concluiu, portanto, pela inadequação da Teoria do Silêncio Eloquente, seja tal como sistematizada pela doutrina nacional, seja tal como aplicada pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal.
O INCIDENTE DE RESOLUÇÃO DE DEMANDAS REPETITIVAS APLICADO AO DIREITO DO CONSUMIDOR
Authors: Maciel Pinheiro Pereira Carlos André , Solon Borges Andressa
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo objetiva discutir o papel conferido ao instituto de resolução de demandas repetitivas dentro da sistemática processual e sua aplicação nos processos baseados no direito do consumidor. Utiliza o método dedutivo para realização de pesquisa exploratória e qualitativa. Compreende que o incidente de resolução de demandas repetitivas é uma ferramenta criada pelo legislador para salvaguardar a segurança jurídica e desafogar os tribunais com o fim de assegurar a celeridade processual. Considera que as demandas consumeristas seriadas são fruto da pós-modernidade, eis que as relações de consumo fazem parte da própria identidade do sujeito, de modo que os problemas não resolvidos entre consumidor e fornecedor aportam no poder judiciário. Visualiza a aplicação do incidente de demandas repetitivas nas relações de consumo pelos tribunais brasileiros, com fundamento em estudos estáticos. Por fim, conclui que o incidente de resolução de demandas repetitivas, apesar de sua tímida utilização, implica em uma ferramenta hábil para sistematizar o acesso à justiça como ordem de valores a ser entregue ao consumidor.
O ACORDO DE PARIS E A MUDANÇA PARADIGMÁTICA DE APLICAÇÃO DO PRINCÍPIO DA RESPONSABILIDADE COMUM, PORÉM DIFERENCIADA
Authors: Balduino Maria Clara de Jesus Maniçoba
Published: October 2020

Com a evolução do contexto internacional de regulamentação climática, a sociedade internacional percebeu que o modelo bipartido de responsabilização adotado até então não refletia a máxima do “princípio da responsabilidade comum, porém diferenciada”. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo analisa como o Acordo de Paris traz abordagem inovadora a partir da instituição das Contribuições Nacionalmente Determinadas que reflete as circunstâncias nacionais de cada Parte. Utiliza como procedimentos metodológicos a pesquisa exploratória e bibliográfica, com consulta a meio impresso e eletrônico. Ademais, a pesquisa é do tipo qualitativa, a qual visa analisar o aspecto subjetivo do tema, buscando investiga-lo sob um olhar mais crítico. Conclui-se que foi preciso alterar o paradigma tradicional do regime climático internacional para uma efetiva inclusão de todos os membros da sociedade internacional no contexto de mitigação dos efeitos das mudanças do clima.
Usnic Acid Inhibits Proliferation and Migration through ATM Mediated DNA Damage Response in RKO Colorectal Cancer Cell
Authors: Wu Wenbing , Gou Hui , Dong Jingying , Yang Xiaolong , Zhao Yanan , Peng Heng , Chen Dan , Geng Ruiman , Chen Lihong , Liu Ji
Published: October 2020

Background:

Usnic Acid (UA), also known as lichenol, has been reported to have inhibitory
effects on a variety of cancer cells, but its specific mechanism remained to be elucidated. Tumor
chemotherapy drugs, especially DNA damage chemotherapeutic drugs, target Chromosomal DNA, but
their spontaneous and acquired drug resistance are also an urgent problem to be solved. Therefore,
drug combination research has become the focus of researchers.

Methods:

Here, we evaluated the tumor-suppressing molecular mechanism of UA in colorectal cancer
cells RKO from the perspective of the ATM-mediated DNA damage signaling pathway through H2O2
simulating DNA damage chemotherapeutic drugs. CCK8 cell proliferation assay was used to determine
the inhibition of RKO cells by hydrogen peroxide and UA alone or in combination, and wound
healing assay was applied to determine the effect of the drug on cell migration.

Results:

Transfected cells with miRNA18a-5p mimics and inhibitors, MDC and DCFH-DA staining
for the measurement of autophagy and ROS, cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry,
expressions of microRNA and mRNA were determined by fluorescence quantitative PCR, and protein
by Western blot.

Discussion:

We found that UA can upregulate ATM via miR-18a to activate the DNA damage signaling
pathway and inhibit the proliferation and migration of RKO cells in a concentration-dependent
manner.

Conclusion:

At the same time, DNA damage responses, including cell cycle, autophagy, apoptosis and
ROS levels, are also regulated by UA. Therefore, UA combined with DNA damage chemotherapeutic
drugs may be an effective treatment for cancer.
Synthesis and Study of Some 17a-aza-D-homo Steroids as 5α-Reductase Inhibitors
Authors: Rana Priyanka , Dhingra Neelima , Arora Poonam , Dhingra Richa , Monika Chauhan , Gupta Ankit
Published: October 2020

Background and Objective:

Tremendous advances have been made in the development of new pharmacotherapuetic agents and less invasive techniques to help men with lower urinary tract symptoms. The use of 5α-reductase inhibitor (5-ARI) is restricted to the patients with large prostate volumes, whose symptoms are refractory to antiandrogens or α–
adrenergic blockers Out of the various synthesized5-reductase inhibitors with different substituents on steroidal nucleus, esters have been found to exhibited high anti-androgenic activity.

Methods:

In our attempt to find new, safer and potent 5-ARI and our continued interest in azasteorids, esters of 17a-Aza-Dhomo-5-androsten-3β-ol with synergistic effect were synthesized and characterized using different analytical techniques.
The compounds were evaluated for their 5α-reductase inhibitory activity in-vivo by their effect on serum androgen level by
ELISA assay procedure. The interaction with receptors was studied using advanced docking programme to predict the correlation of the synthesized compounds with actual biological activity.

Results:

The target compounds (6-12) showed increased anti-androgenic activity as compared to finasteride and control,
which imply that the target compounds are effective in inhibiting 5α-reductase. Particularly, compound 6 showing highest
inhibitory activity and greater affinity for 5-AR receptor with highest dock score. Results of these studies when compared
with Finasteride showed increased solubility and dissolution of target compound 6.

Conclusion:

Compound6 showed immense potential with improved efficacy and better bioavailability, thus makes it a suitable candidate for further studies and optimal formulation.
Model-based Application for Adsorption of Lead (II) from Aqueous
Solution using Low-cost Jute Stick Derived Activated Carbon
Authors: Chowdhury Imran Rahman , Mazumder Mohammad Abu Jafar , Chowdhury Shakhawat , Qasem Mohammed Ameen Ahmed , Aziz Md. Abdul
Published: October 2020

Background:

Removal of lead (II) ions from supply water using an inexpensive adsorbent is essential. It is
recommended that low-cost adsorbents are developed to effectively remove lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions. The aim
of the study is to develop and validate models for predicting the performance of carboxylated jute stick derived activated
carbon (JSAC-COOH) in removing lead (II) ions from aqueous solution, which can assist the water supply authorities in
supplying lead (II) free drinking water to the communities at a low-cost.

Methods:

Controlled laboratory experiments were conducted following the statistical “Design of Experiments” through
varying the factors affecting the performance of JSAC-COOH in removing lead (II) ions. The performance of JSACCOOH was investigated for different concentrations of lead (II) ions (range: 50 - 500 mg/L) at variable experimental
conditions (temperature: 15°C and 27°C; pH: 4.0 and 7.0) and time (1, 10, 30 and 60 min). Several models (Linear and
non-linear) were investigated and validated for predicting the concentrations of lead (II) ions in aqueous solution.

Results:

The prepared JSAC-COOH had a surface area of 615.3 m2
/g. In 60 min, up to 99.8% removal of lead (II) ions
was achieved. Few models showed very good to excellent predictive capabilities with coefficients of determination in the
range of 0.85–0.95. The model validation experiments showed the correlation coefficients in the range of 0.84 – 0.98.

Conclusion:

The models have the capabilities to reasonably predict the final concentrations of lead (II) ions, which can be
used in controlling the effluent lead (II) ion concentrations. The proposed adsorbent is likely to be low-cost as it was
developed using the commonly available agricultural byproduct.
Community- and Health Care-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection in Tehran, Iran: Comparison of Drug Resistance and Virulence Determinants
Authors: Yadegarynia Davood , Tehrani Shabnam , Nasiri Maryam
Published: October 2020

Background:

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can cause serious infections
not only in hospitals but also in the community. The present study was aimed to characterize
drug resistance and virulence determinants of community-associated (CA) MRSA isolate compared
with healthcare-associated (HA) MRSA.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 44 patients with HA-MRSA and 11 patients with CA-MRSA infection (median age, 72 years) were included. The clinical isolates of MRSA were subjected to molecular analysis of virulence genes and drug susceptibility testing.

Results:

Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) exotoxin and toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)
genes were disproportionately distributed between CA- and HA-isolates. PVL genes were more
likely to be found among CA-isolates (36.4%) than HA-isolates (18.2). TSST genes were identified
in only 2 CA-MRSA isolates tested (18.2%) compared with 9 HA-isolates (20.5%). Exfoliative toxin-
b gene was negative in all isolates, however, one HA-isolate was positive for exfoliative toxin-a.
mec-A gene was present in all clinical isolates. CA-isolates were more likely to be susceptible to
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and vancomycin compared with HA-isolates. Vancomycin-intermediate
resistance was found in 2 HA-isolates. All clinical isolates were also resistant to clindamycin.

Conclusions:

CA- and HA- MRSA isolates are epidemiologically and microbiologically distinct.
Thus, the strategies to prevent and treat these infections would be different. Patients with CA- and
HA-MRSA infections should be treated effectively and receive follow-up evaluation to ensure the
resolution of their infection. Surveillance studies should be conducted to determine the extent of
CA- and HA-MRSA dissemination in Iran.
Comparison of Standard and Total Keratometry Astigmatism Measured with three Different Technologies
Authors: Carreras Humberto , G. García Ángel , Piñero David P
Published: October 2020

Purpose:

To compare the keratometric and total corneal astigmatism measures provided by three different technologies as well as to assess the level of interchangeability among them.

Methods:

A Prospective, comparative study enrolling 94 eyes from 53 patients (age, 29-77 years) was carried out. All participants were patients with the diagnosis of cataract or patients with a transparent crystalline lens but seeking surgical presbyopia correction. A complete eye examination was performed in all eyes, including corneal analysis with three different devices: IOL-Master 700 (Carl Zeiss Meditec), Cassini (i-Optics), and Pentacam (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH). Interchangeability of standard and total keratometric readings (equivalent keratometric readings for Pentacam) and astigmatism measures with these three systems were evaluated with the Bland-Altman analysis.

Results:

Significantly higher standard and total keratometric readings were obtained with the IOL-Master compared to the other two systems (p<0.001). Likewise, a significantly higher magnitude of standard and total keratometric astigmatism was obtained with the Cassini system (p<0.001). Ranges of the agreement for corneal power measurements between devices varied from 0.58 D to 1.53 D, whereas they ranged from 0.46 D to 1.37 D for standard and total astigmatism measurements.

Conclusion:

Corneal power and astigmatism measures obtained with IOL-Master 700, Cassini, and Pentacam systems cannot be used interchangeably. The impact of these differences on the refractive predictability achieved with different types of intraocular lenses (IOL) should be evaluated in the future in order to define which is the best corneal evaluation approach for optimizing the IOL power calculations.
El papel de las organizaciones no gubernamentales en el desminado humanitario en Colombia
Authors: Gámez Álvarez Juan Carlos , Imbacuan Paguay Diego Alejandro , Luengas Rodríguez Julián Andrés , Gil Osorio Juan Fernando , Ortega Guzmán Luis Fernando
Published: October 2020

La presente investigación estudia desde una metodología cualitativa y cuantitativa las funciones y actividades que desarrollan las organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) de desminado humanitario en Colombia. Específicamente, se analizan las actividades de las ONG de desminado, las líneas de intervención que utilizan según las características del terreno, los tipos de minas que han sido identificadas en el país y las actividades de intervención que componen el proceso dependiendo de las características individuales de cada tipo de municipios. Los resultados contribuyen a que el lector tenga un conocimiento general y pormenorizado de las capacidades y limitaciones que poseen las organizaciones no gubernamentales enfocadas al desminado humanitario, de tal manera que se reconozca y valore su función en torno a la protección de la vida y la integridad de las personas.
Identificación y selección de una herramienta tecnológica para la evaluación del desempeño académico en la Escuela de Armas Combinadas del Ejército
Authors: Vásquez Clavijo Jairo Augusto , Velásquez Carrillo Braymer Sinay , Villa Molano Andrés David , Yela Garzón Alexander Román
Published: October 2020

En este artículo académico se expone el proceso de investigación que se realizó para identificar la herramienta tecnológica adecuada que permita evaluar los cursos de ascenso de la Escuela de Armas Combinadas del Ejército (ESACE). Con este fin se revisaron los procesos evaluativos de la ESACE, las herramientas Blackboard y la plataforma CEDOC 360, empleadas actualmente en los cursos de ley en la Escuela. Asimismo, se realizó una investigación documental, se aplicaron encuestas a una muestra de los capitanes en curso de ley y se hicieron entrevistas semiestructuradas a personal de la oficina de tecnología de la ESACE. El análisis de la información obtenida permite concluir que la herramienta de evaluación adecuada para estos cursos es la plataforma Ultra, la cual está vinculada a las Blackboard que forman parte de la plataforma CEDOC 360 del Ejército Nacional.
The structure of poetry in the collection of Lawas Kusaremen Lawas Sia by Sanapiah Amin
Authors: Fajrin Maghfiroh , Suryaman Maman
Published: October 2020

Various of lawas Sumbawa encountered a connotative meaning of speech and contains a philosophical element. Similarly, the studies that have been encountered before, more raised elements of symbols and meanings semantically and philosophically. To get the hidden side through the lawas, then the study will be used semiotics fitting to find out what kind of relationships that exist in the structural side of the old language with the meaning of culture. In this case the researcher tries to study the text from the aspect of lawas structure to know its relation with local culture. This is done to find out what kind of system relation signature exists in the old. These signs produce the meaning of denotation, connotation. Semiology in this research was used to know the structure of lawas, cultural form and cultural messages system contained in lawas. Lawas of Kusaramen Lawas Sia had the structure of poetry consisted of physical structure and inner structure. Lawas physical structures consisted of figurative languages; rethorical language, images and inner structures, among them the poet's tone, poet's attitude, and themes.
The implication of humor discourse in the Tonight Show television program
Authors: Pramukti Dita Intan , Utomo Asep Purwo Yudi
Published: October 2020

Humor discourse is a form of language that deviates from the rules of speech and conversation principles. Humor is a form of contradiction or deviation from the constraints of language. One of the humor discourse that presents language use conditions with a particular speech strategy is NET TV Tonight Show. This television program may contain speech offenses at the event. This study aims to describe and explain the implicature of humor discourse in the Tonight Show. In this study, researchers used a qualitative approach with the content analysis method and the pragmatic theory approach. The data is in the form of humor discourse in the Tonight Show television program, which is aired on NET TV. Still, researchers take the data from the Tonight Show uploaded on YouTube, collected by recording and recorded techniques. The data is analyzed by using an interactive model. The results showed that the implicature of humor discourse in the Tonight Show was in the form of mentioning, insinuating, revealing, protesting, informing, rejecting, accusing, asking, and saying. The benefit of this study is to know the humor discourse contained in the Tonight Show.