bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial: Saldos do Ecossistema de Inovação de Luzerna em 2023
Authors: ZAAK SARAIVA Illyushin , Antonello Ricardo , Butzen Eduardo
Published: January 2024

O Município de Luzerna-SC, mantendo-se na vanguarda do processo de inovação tecnológica no Estado de Santa Catarina, fecha 2023 com conquistas históricas.

Em 27/03 Luzerna recebeu 1º Lugar no Prêmio Cidades Empreendedoras da ENAP, a partir da proposta sobre a Incubadora Tecnológica de Luzerna submetida em setembro de 2020 por um professor do IFC, numa disputa com mais de 500 municípios;
Em 18/06, um aluno do curso de Eng.ª de Controle e Automação do IFC-Luzerna, obtém 1º lugar no Startup Weekend Health Joaçaba;
Já em 29/07/23, cinco alunos IFC-Luzerna venceram o Hackathon da Campus Party Brasil 2023, realizado em São Paulo, com mais de 7 mil participantes;
Em 08 de agosto, Luzerna atinge 8º Lugar no Brasil no Índice de Desenvolvimento Sustentável das Cidades, IDSC;
De 21 a 23/11 Luzerna sediou pela 1ª vez a MICTI, evento nacional com apresentação de 254 trabalhos científicos e 57 projetos de inovação;
Em 22/11 foi realizada a 2ª edição do CPITT em Luzerna, com a presença de 2 pesquisadores da Ruhr West University da Alemanha, apresentando o estado da arte na engenharia de reciclagem de produtos eletrônicos.

Os editores parabenizam o povo Luzernense pelos impressionantes resultados alcançados em 2024, e aproveitam para convidar mais uma vez os pesquisadores a enviar os resultados de suas pesquisa para publicação em nosso caderno.
Detectability analysis of very low frequency earthquakes: Methods and application in Nankai using F-net and DONET broadband seismometers
Authors: Takemura Shunsuke , Baba Satoru , Yabe Suguru , Yamashita Yusuke , Shiomi Katsuhiko , Matsuzawa Takanori
Published: January 2024

For a more quantitative discussion of slow earthquake activity, we evaluated the detectable limits of very low frequency earthquakes (VLFEs), which are seismic slow earthquakes observed in very low frequency (< 0.05 Hz) bands in the Nankai subduction zone. We performed numerical simulations using a local three-dimensional model and used the observed noise level of permanent broadband seismometers. First, we investigated the effects of the source-time functions on the maximum amplitudes of the VLFE signals at a certain station. The maximum amplitudes of the VLFE signals were controlled by the VLFE moment rate. The detectable limit of VLFEs at each source location can be defined as the lowest moment rate of detectable VLFEs, which radiate signals larger than the noise levels of any component at ≥ 3 stations. For inland seismometers only, the detectable limits of VLFEs at deep (30–40 km) and shallow (≤ 10 km) depths were 1012–1012.3 and 1012.7 Nm/s, respectively. Due to the geometrical spreading of VLFE signals and large noise levels in horizontal components, offshore seismometers improved the detectability of shallow VLFEs in regions where seismometers were densely deployed. Based on our detectability and published catalogs, shallow slow earthquakes are less active south-southwest off the Kii Peninsula, where geodetic studies expect mechanical coupling.
A qualitative feasibility study of a prototype patient centered-video intervention to increase uptake of cancer genetic testing among Black Americans
Authors: Smith Katherine Clegg , Grob Rachel , McCullough Michelle , May Betty , Warne Emily , Matchette Amanda , Connor Avonne E. , Visvanathan Kala
Published: January 2024

Background
Health advances due to developments in genomic medicine are unequally experienced in the US; racial differences in uptake of genetic testing are one factor in this disparity. In collaboration with Black patients and diverse health care providers, we are developing a patient-centered video intervention to increase cancer genetic testing among eligible Black Americans. The objective is to explore acceptability of and support for the intervention and key content components.
Methods
To create a patient-centered video intervention prototype, we conducted a targeted, secondary analysis of 47 coded transcripts from video-taped qualitative interviews with people with a known genetic or inherited cancer risk. Review focused on decision making, testing experiences and perceived value of genetic testing. We subsequently generated a 15-minute video montage of content from 9 diverse (age, gender, race) participants. We then used the prototype video as prompt material for semi-structured interviews with 10 Black patients who had undergone genetic testing in the last 2 years and 10 racially diverse providers (genetic counselors, a nurse, and medical oncologists) who provide management recommendations for high-risk patients. Interviews sought to understand the acceptability of a video intervention to enhance informed decision making by Black patients, and key elements for intervention efficacy.
Results
Study participants were generally positive about the prototype video, and provided guidance for intervention development. Interviewed patients prioritized perceived authenticity and relatability of video participants. The presentation of patients’ perspectives on testing, their experience of testing and the benefits of having test results were seen as useful. Benefits of testing for self and family were identified as important considerations. Privacy concerns and science skepticism were identified as germane issues, with guidance to present barriers to testing alongside possible solutions. Inclusion of clinicians was seen as potentially useful, but with caution that clinicians are not universally trusted.
Conclusions
Study findings provided critical input for creation of a professionally produced, tailored intervention video for a randomized clinical trial with Black Americans to evaluate uptake of genetic testing. The interviews suggest acceptability and potential utility of an authentic, realistic and tailored, patient-centered video intervention to increase consideration and uptake of genetic testing.
Astragalus Polysaccharides Augment BMSCs Homing via SDF-1/CXCR4 Modulation: A Novel Approach to Counteract Peritoneal Mesenchymal Transformation and Fibrosis
Authors: Wang Funing , Dai Huibo , Zhou Ziren , Shan Yun , Yu Manshu , Sun Jinyi , Sheng Li , Huang Liyan , Meng Xiaohui , You Yongqing , Sheng Meixiao
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate whether pretreatment with bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) and Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) can enhance their capacity to engraft in the peritoneum after in vitro transplantation, thereby strengthening the anti-fibrotic effect of BMSCs and elucidating the possible mechanisms involved.
Methods
Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into the control, PDF, PDF + BMSCs and PDF + APSBMSCs group, to establish rat peritoneal fibrosis models. The homing and anti-fibrotic effects of fluorescently labeled BMSCs and APS-BMSCs were studied. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) levels were evaluated using ELISA, and the expression of CXCR4 (chemokine receptor type 4) in BMSCs following APS intervention was assessed using PCR and immunofluorescence staining. The effects of APS on BMSC migration and its role in the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis were investigated through Transwell migration assays and the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100.
Results
In vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that APS can promote the targeted homing of BMSCs to the peritoneum of PDF-induced rats, enhance the therapeutic effect, and increase the expression of CXCR4 in BMSCs. PDF-induced peritoneal and serum SDF-1 levels were significantly increased, promoting the homing of CXCR4-expressing BMSCs. Blocking the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis with AMD3100 reduced the migration of BMSCs, further weakening the therapeutic effect on peritoneal mesenchyme-to-mesothelial transition (MMT). APS upregulated the expression of CXCR4 in BMSCs, enhanced the activation of downstream pathways in the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis, and partially reversed the effects of AMD3100.
Conclusion
APS enhances the activation of downstream pathways in the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis by upregulating the expression of CXCR4 in BMSCs, promoting the targeted homing of BMSCs in peritoneal tissue, and enhancing its inhibitory effect on MMT and improvement of peritoneal fibrosis.
Turf algae drives coral bioerosion under high CO2
Authors: Heitzman Joshua , Iijima Layla , Mitushasi Guinther , Spatafora Davide , Wada Shigeki , Harvey Ben P. , Kurihara Haruko , Agostini Sylvain
Published: January 2024

Turf algal prevalence will increase in coral ecosystems under ocean acidification yet their contribution towards the ongoing and projected degradation of reefs is often overlooked. Turf algal settlement was induced on exposed coral skeleton adjacent to live coral tissue to investigate coral-turf algal interactions through a combination of laboratory and field transplantation (shallow volcanic CO2 seep) experiments across two temperature regimes. Here, we show that turf algae are competitively favored over corals under high pCO2 conditions. Turf algae-associated biological activity locally acidified the microenvironment overlying the exposed coral skeleton, leading to its bioerosion. Increases in coral-turf algal interactions could shift coral ecosystems towards net dissolution and should be integrated into global accretion models when considering future carbonate budgets under climate change.
A modified action framework to develop and evaluate academic-policy engagement interventions
Authors: Mäkelä Petra , Boaz Annette , Oliver Kathryn
Published: January 2024

Background
There has been a proliferation of frameworks with the common goal of bridging the gap between evidence, policy and practice, but few to specifically guide evaluations of academic-policy engagement. We present the modification of an action framework for the purpose of selecting, developing and evaluating interventions for academic-policy engagement.
Methods
We build on the conceptual work of an existing framework known as SPIRIT (Supporting Policy In health with Research: an Intervention Trial), developed for the evaluation of strategies intended to increase the use of research in health policy. Our aim was to modify SPIRIT to be applicable beyond health policy contexts, and to address broader dynamics of academic-policy engagement. We used an iterative approach through literature reviews and consultation with multiple stakeholders, alongside our evaluation activities in the Capabilities in Academic Policy Engagement (CAPE) programme in England.
Results
Our modifications expand upon Redman et al.’s original framework, for example adding a domain of ‘Impacts and Sustainability’ to capture continued activities required in achievement of desirable outcomes. It fulfils criteria for a useful action framework, having a clear purpose, being informed by existing understandings, being capable of guiding targeted interventions, and providing a structure to build further knowledge.
Conclusion
The modified SPIRIT framework is designed to be meaningful and accessible for people working across varied contexts in the evidence-policy ecosystem. It has potential applications in how academic-policy engagement interventions might be developed, evaluated, facilitated and improved, to ultimately support the use of evidence in decision-making.
Performance evaluation of interim analysis in bioequivalence studies.
Authors: Isogawa Naoki , Grieve Andy , Ishii Ryota , Maruo Kazushi
Published: January 2024

Under current bioequivalence guidelines in Japan, it is mandatory to establish bioequivalence using a single pivotal study. Clinical trials with limited resources usually have a pre-defined maximum permissible number of participants. In this manuscript, we considered a trial design that would allow for bioequivalence evaluation at an interim analysis in which the total number of participants takes into account the resource constraints. Then, available options at the interim analysis are group sequential designs and adaptive designs, A comparison of the performance of the two methods under a fixed maximum participant number has not been conducted thus far. So we examined which method should be used by conducting a simulation study. Since bioequivalence is expected to be achieved at the interim analysis, a study design using a Pocock-type alpha spending function is preferrable. Simulation results using a Pocock-type alpha spending function showed similar performance between group sequential and adaptive designs. Consequently, due to statistical and operational complexity, it is preferable to choose group sequential designs for bioequivalence study in Japan.
Casual Effects of Telomere Length on Sarcoidosis: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomisation Analysis
Authors: Zhu Shiben , Hao Ziyu , Chen Qihang , Liu Xiaoliu , Wu Wenyan , Luo Yanping , Zhang Fang
Published: January 2024

Background
Telomere length (TL), crucial for genomic stability, have been implicated in various inflamm-aging diseases, but their role in sarcoidosis remains unexplored.
Objective
This study aims to explore the casual effects between TL and sarcoidosis via a bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) study.
Methods
We examined single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with TL and sarcoidosis, utilizing available open-access genome-wide association study (GWAS) databases from the UK Biobank and FinnGen. We employed five MR techniques, including Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median (WM), Robust adjusted profile score (RAPS), and Maximum likelihood, to assess causal relationships and explore pleiotropy.
Results
Summary data extracted from GWAS datasets of TL (n = 472,174) and (n = 217,758) of European ancestry. Employing 130 SNPs with genome-wide significance as instrumental factors for TL, we detect a significant negative correlation between TL and sarcoidosis (OR: 0.682, 95% confidence interval: 0.524–0.888,p:0.0045). Similarly, utilizing 6 SNPs with genome-wide significance as instrumental factors for sarcoidosis, we fail to identify a noteworthy association between sarcoidosis and TL (OR:0.992, 95% confidence interval: 0.979–1.005, p: 0.2424).
Conclusion
Our results suggest that longer telomeres may reduce the risk of sarcoidosis, highlighting TL as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and long-term monitor. This study contributes to understanding the genetic interplay between TL and sarcoidosis and opens new avenues for prevention and therapeutic interventions.
The impact of aromatherapy with Citrus bergamia- Lavandula angustifolia essential oil and/or mindfulness-behavioral therapy on menopausal health: A factorial randomized controlled trial
Authors: Salehi-Pourmehr Hanieh , Mojtahedi Mandana , Asnaashari Solmaz , Farshbaf-Khalili Azizeh , Ostadrahimi Alireza
Published: January 2024

Psychological support is essential for women after menopause as a period with a high prevalence of mental health problems. It was observed a gap in the literature on the impact of bergamot and lavender aromatherapy and/or consultation with the mindfulness-behavioral therapy (MBT) approach on postmenopausal health. This study aimed to determine the effect of combined aromatherapy with lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) essential oil (LEO) and Bergamot (Citrus×bergamia (Risso) Risso & Poit) essential oil (BEO) and/or MBT on menopausal symptoms, sleep quality, and serum cortisol. This factorial randomized controlled trial was done on 132 postmenopausal women aged 50–60 years who had mild to moderate anxiety. The recruited women were divided into four groups receiving: 1) Usual care-placebo (Placebo), 2) MBT-placebo (Therapy), 3) LEO-BEO Aromatherapy-usual care (Aromatherapy), and 4) MBT- LEO-BEO aromatherapy (Therapy & Aromatherapy). They received daily aroma for eight weeks. The weekly MBT sessions were held for two months. The study outcomes were evaluated at baseline, after the intervention, and after an eight-week follow-up. The study groups were similar regarding baseline characteristics. After a two-month intervention, the total score of menopausal symptoms [aMD (95% CI): -5.7 (-9.5 to -1.8)] and anxiety [aMD (95% CI): -1.9 (-3.4 to -0.4] significantly decreased in the Aromatherapy compared to Placebo. The total score of sleep quality (PSQI) in each of the Therapy [aMD (95% CI): -2.6 (-4.2 to -1.0] and Aromatherapy [aMD (95% CI): -1.7 (-3.3 to -0.1)] groups significantly decreased compared to Placebo. The combination of Aromatherapy - Therapy had no significant effect compared to Placebo (p > 0.05). The serum cortisol level decreased in all four groups; however, the reductions were not statistically significant in the Aromatherapy and/or Therapy groups compared to the Placebo group (p > 0.05). Each method of intervention separately was accompanied by a favorable response in the management of menopausal symptoms. Furthermore, this study had a new approach toward combination therapy with aroma (LEO-BEO) and MBT.
Research on the influence of concrete damage in wharf structures under fatigue loads on chloride ion diffusion
Authors: xu xubing , Zheng Yonglai , Hou Chenyu , Pan Tanbo
Published: January 2024

In the marine environment, harbor structures are prone to fatigue damage due to long-term berthing load, accelerating chloride erosion and leading to steel corrosion, thus significantly reducing the durability and service performance of reinforced concrete structures. To investigate the influence of fatigue damage on chloride ion diffusion, this paper simulated the damage degradation process of structures under fatigue load and chloride ion erosion through experiments. The damage caused by fatigue load was defined by ultrasonic method, and the study investigated the effects of different stress levels and loading cycles on chloride ion transport. The chloride ion diffusion concentration under different damage conditions was predicted by numerical simulation. The results indicate that the fatigue load leads to the increase of load level and the increase of chloride ion content at the same depth. The increase of loading times accelerates the penetration rate, which is positively correlated with the chloride ion diffusivity. The chloride ion diffusion coefficient of concrete exhibits an exponential relationship with fatigue damage levels. The numerical simulation results are consistent with the experimental results, validating the feasibility of establishing a correspondence between thermodynamic diffusion and chloride ion diffusion parameters using the analogy method. This paper provides reliable support for the performance assessment and maintenance of reinforced concrete structures in marine environments.
Improvement of Forecasting Drought by Means of Various Machine Learning Algorithms and Wavelet Transformation
Authors: Tuğrul Türker , HINIS Mehmet Ali
Published: January 2024

Defined as a decrease in average rainfall amounts, drought is one of the most insidious natural disasters. When it starts, people may not be aware of it, that's why droughts are difficult to monitor. Scientists have long been working to predict and monitor droughts. For this purpose, they have developed many methods such as drought indices one of which Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is. In this study, SPI to detect droughts and machine learning algorithms, support vector machines (SVM), artificial neural networks (ANN), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), frequently used in the literature to predict droughts and 3 different statistical methods: correlation coefficient (r), Root Mean-square Error (RMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) Coefficient to investigate model performance values were used. Wavelet analysis was also applied to improve model performances. Konya closed basin located in the middle of Türkiye in terms of location and is among the leading regions of Turkey in terms of grain is one of the regions most affected by droughts in Türkiye. One of the most important water resources of the region is the Apa dam. It provides water to many fields which fertile land in its vicinity and is affected by droughts. Therefore, this region was determined as the study area. Meteorological data, total monthly precipitation, that could represent the region were obtained between 1955 and 2020 from general directorate of state water works and general directorate of meteorology. The results show that among the models analyzed with machine learning algorithms, the best results were obtained from M04 model whose input structure was created from SPI, different times steps, data delayed up to 5 months and total monthly precipitation data for time t-1. Among machine learning algorithms, SVM has achieved the most successful results in not only without wavelet transform (WT) but also with WT. Effective results were obtained from M04 in which SVM with WT was used (NSE = 0.9942, RMSE = 0.0764, R = 0.9971).
PTP1B inhibitor alleviates deleterious septic lung injury through Src signaling
Authors: qiu chong-rong , sun zhi-jian , liu fen , deng wei , ouyang xiu-fang , zhang qing-qing , Tao Wen-Qiang
Published: January 2024

Background
Septic lung injury is an unmet clinical challenge due to its high mortality, and there is a lack of effective treatment. Accumulating evidence suggests that an uncontrolled pulmonary inflammatory response is important in the pathogenesis of lung injury in sepsis. Therefore, limiting excessive early inflammatory responses may be an effective strategy.
Methods
We established a septic lung injury model using cecal ligation and puncture. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to assess the expression of PTP1B and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and pyroptosis. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to analyze the binding of PTP1B and Src molecules.
Results
PTP1B is upregulated in both in vivo and in vitro models of septic lung injury. PTP1B directly binds to Src and aggravates inflammation by regulating the ER stress-pyroptosis axis. The inhibition of PTP1B alleviates inflammation and improves the prognosis of septic mice.
Conclusions
Our study suggesting that PT1B inhibitors have clinical application value in the treatment of septic lung injury. This may provide a new strategy for the treatment of septic lung injury.
MRI-based radiomic nomogram for predicting disease-free survival in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Wen Lu , Liu Jun , Hu Pingsheng , Bi Feng , Liu Siye , Jian Lian , Zhou Jumei , Nie Shaolin , Cao Fang , Lu Qiang , Yu Xiaoping , Liu Ke
Published: January 2024

Individual prognosis assessment is of paramount importance for treatment decision-making and active surveillance in cancer patients. We aimed to propose a radiomic model based on pre- and post-therapy MRI features for predicting disease-free survival (DFS) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and subsequent surgical resection. This retrospective study included a total of 126 LARC patients, which were randomly assigned to a training set (n=84) and a validation set (n=42). All patients underwent pre- and post-nCRT MRI scans. Radiomic features were extracted from higher resolution T2 -weighted images. Pearson correlation analysis and ANOVA or Relief were utilized for identifying radiomic features associated with DFS. Pre-treatment, post-treatment, and delta radscores were constructed by machine learning algorithms. An individualized nomogram was developed based on significant radscores and clinical variables using multivariate Cox regression analysis. Predictive performance was evaluated by the C-index, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis. The results demonstrated that in the validation set, the clinical model including pre-surgery Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), chemotherapy after radiotherapy, and pathological stage yielded a C-index of 0.755 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.630-0.880). While the optimal pre-, post-, and delta-radscores achieved C-indices of 0.724 (95%CI: 0.585-0.863), 0.701 (95%CI: 0.544-0.858), and 0.625 (95%CI: 0.439-0.811), respectively. The nomogram integrating pre-surgery CEA, pathological stage, alongside pre- and post-nCRT radscore, obtained the highest C-index of 0.833 (95%CI: 0.694-0.972). The calibration curve and decision curves exhibited good calibration and clinical usefulness of the nomogram. Furthermore, the nomogram categorized patients into high- and low-risk groups exhibiting distinct DFS (both P<0.0001). In summary, the nomogram incorporating pre- and post-therapy radscores and clinical factors could predict DFS in patients with LARC, which warrants further external validations.
Experimental study on joint sensing and early warning method of landslide disaster based on NPR-OFST
Authors: Tao Zhigang , feng yuxiang , Zhang Xiaoyu , yu zhehan
Published: January 2024

In order to explore more effective methods of landslide disaster monitoring and controlling, NPR anchor cable and optical fiber grating strain sensor are physically combined to form a slope reinforcement-monitoring integration system, with PVC pipe an intermediary. Physical model test is carried out according to timely warning of landslide disasters of the Newtonian force monitoring system. At the same time, the optical fiber sensing technology has the condition of continuous perception of time and space. The feasibility of monitoring the whole life cycle of slope instability and positioning the potential sliding surface is discussed. Through the analysis of the test results, it is concluded that the fiber grating strain sensor can effectively monitor the deep displacement of the slope. PVC pipe and the soil have deformation coordination, which is able to effectively reinforce the slope body together with the combined anchor cable sensing device, and can continuously sense the potential sliding surface in the whole life cycle of the slope. By comparing the results of Newton force monitoring curve with the fiber grating strain monitoring, the mechanical law of “Newton force sudden drops, immediately catastrophe happens” is further verified. Finally, it is concluded that the combined sensing and early warning method of optical fiber sensing technology and Newton force monitoring can realize comprehensive monitoring and control of landslide disasters. This method realizes the further optimization of Newton force monitoring system.
Outcomes of the EMDataResource Cryo-EM Ligand Modeling Challenge
Authors: Lawson Catherine , Kryshtafovych Andriy , Pintilie Grigore , Burley Stephen , Cerny Jiri , Chen Vincent , Emsley Paul , Gobbi Alberto , Joachimiak Andrzej , Noreng Sigrid , Prisant Michael , Read Randy , Richardson Jane , Rohou Alexis , Schneider Bohdan , Sellers Benjamin , Chao Chenghua , Sourial Elizabeth , Williams Chris , Williams Christopher , Yang Ying , Abbaraju Venkat , Afonine Pavel V. , Baker Matthew , Bond Paul , Blundell Tom , Burnley Tom , Campbell Arthur , Cao Renzhi , Cheng Jianlin , Chojnowski Grzegorz , Cowtan Kevin , Dimaio Frank , Esmaeeli Reza , Giri Nabin , Grubmüller Helmut , Hoh Soon Wen , Hou Jie , Hryc Corey , Hunte Carola , Igaev Maxim , Joseph Agnel , Kao Wei-Chun , Kihara Daisuke , Kumar Dilip , Lang Lijun , Lin Sean , Subramaniya Sai Raghavendra Maddhuri Venkata , Mittal Sumit , Mondal Arup , Moriarty Nigel , Muenks Andrew , Murshudov Garib , Nicholls Robert , Olek Mateusz , Palmer Colin , Perez Alberto , Pohjolainen Emmi , Pothula Karunakar , Rowley Christopher , Sarkar Daipayan , Schäfer Luisa , Schlicksup Christopher , Schroeder Gunnar , Shekhar Mrinal , Si Dong , Singharoy Abhishek , Sobolev Oleg , Terashi Genki , Vaiana Andrea , Vedithi Sundeep , Verburgt Jacob , Wang Xiao , Warshamanage Rangana , Winn Martyn , Weyand Simone , Yamashita Keitaro , Zhao Minglei , Schmid Michael , Berman Helen , Chiu Wah
Published: January 2024

The EMDataResource Ligand Model Challenge aimed to assess the reliability and reproducibility of modeling ligands bound to protein and protein/nucleic-acid complexes in cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) maps determined at near-atomic (1.9-2.5 Å) resolution. Three published maps were selected as targets: E. coli beta-galactosidase with inhibitor, SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase with covalently bound nucleotide analog, and SARS-CoV-2 ion channel ORF3a with bound lipid. Sixty-one models were submitted from 17 independent research groups, each with supporting workflow details. We found that (1) the quality of submitted ligand models and surrounding atoms varied, as judged by visual inspection and quantification of local map quality, model-to-map fit, geometry, energetics, and contact scores, and (2) a composite rather than a single score was needed to assess macromolecule+ligand model quality. These observations lead us to recommend best practices for assessing cryo-EM structures of liganded macromolecules reported at near-atomic resolution.
Comparative efficacy of UBE-LIF and MIS-TLIF in Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Li Kuankuan , Ma Haijun , Yang Hejun , Tang Zhongxin , Zhang Haoping , Liu Xuesen , Xu Xiaoxiao , Zhou Honggang , Shen Mingkui
Published: January 2024

Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of unilateral biportal endoscopy lumbar interbody fusion (UBE-LIF) in the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis and instability.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on 64 single-segment lumbar spondylolisthesis and instability patients between May 2020 and November 2020, 30 of whom underwent UBE-LIF and 34 of whom underwent minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF). The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, complications, hospitalization days and the visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) and the rate of bone fusion were recorded.
Results
All patients were followed up with an average of 26.26 ± 2.15 months. The average operation time and intraoperative blood loss in the UBE-LIF group were less than those in the MIS-TLIF group (P < 0.05). In both groups, VAS score improved from preoperative (7.07 ± 0.83) to postoperative Day 1 (4.4 ± 0.56), ODI improved from preoperative (55.7 ± 2.49) to postoperative Day 1 (37.57 ± 3.01), and in MIS-TLIF group, VAS score improved from preoperative (7.15 ± 1.02) to postoperative Day 1 (4.88 ± 0.98), ODI improved from preoperative (55.94 ± 2.5) to postoperative Day 1 (40.06 ± 3.68), and the postoperative Day 1 VAS score and ODI were significantly improved, with a difference that was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The VAS and ODI, respectively at 3 months and the last follow-up were not significantly different between the two groups. There was no significant difference in bone fusion between the two groups.
Conclusion
UBE-LIF technology is safe and effective for the decompression of lumbar instability and spondylolisthesis. It can achieve the same decompression and fusion effect as MIS-TLIF. It is an effective operation for the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis and instability.
A novel noninvasive multi-target electrical stimulation method: simulation and experimental validation
Authors: Zhu Kai , Zhou Xiaoqing , Liu Xu , Ma Ren , Wang Mingpeng , Zhang Shunqi , Yin Tao , Liu Zhipeng
Published: January 2024

The brain is a complex system of structure and function. Brain diseases and brain functional abnormalities often involve multiple functionally connected regions, include the deep brain. Studies have shown that multi-target electrical stimulation is more effective than single-target electrical stimulation. However, non-invasive multi-target electromagnetic stimulation, such as multi-target transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) cannot meet the needs of synchronous multi-target accurate electrical stimulation at the deep brain. In this paper, based on the principle of magneto-acoustic coupling and phased array focusing technology, a novel non-invasive multi-target transcranial magneto-acoustic coupling electrical stimulation (multi-target TMAES) method is proposed. A simulation model and experimental system were established. The simulation and experimental results proved that the proposed multi-target TMAES can non-invasively achieve precise focused electrical stimulation of multiple targets (≥ 2) with a focus area of ​​65 mm2 at the deep brain. The location and intensity of the multi-target electrical stimulation can be flexibly changed by adjusting the system parameters according to the actual need. It will provide a new and promising tool for the treatment of brain diseases and the study of neural circuits and brain functional connectivity.
Conjunctive optimal design of water and power networks
Authors: Shmaya Tomer , Perelman Gal , Ostfeld Avi
Published: January 2024

Water distribution systems (WDS) and power grids (PG) are critical infrastructure systems that are vital to all human activity. As such, their quality of service is of great importance for economic, environmental, and human welfare reasons. Although traditionally being analyzed separately, the two systems are interconnected and can mutually affect one another. WDSs are among the largest energy consumers in PGs, with 7–8% of the world’s total generated energy used for drinking water production and distribution (Sharif et al. 2019). At the same time, WDS storage facilities allow regulating power loads by load shifting operation policies and even storing energy by using turbines. Therefore, decisions made as part of operating one system influence the operation policy of the other. In order to utilize the potential benefits that the two systems can produce for each other, their design and operation should be analyzed conjunctively. In this paper, a conjunctive optimal design approach for water and power networks is presented, with the objective of finding the dimensions of the systems' facilities that will result in minimal overall costs, for both design and operation. The model is formulated and implemented on two example applications using an off-the-shelf nonlinear solver by MATLAB and compared to the optimal design of the independent WDS. A sensitivity analysis is performed to provide validity to the obtained results.
Trends in Incidence and Survival of Childhood Cancers in Khon Kaen, Thailand (2000-2019): A Population-Based Khon Kaen Cancer Registry Study
Authors: Pinsuwan Chanaporn , Santong Chalongpon , Chainansamit Su-on , Komvilaisak Patcharee , Sirikarn Prapassara , Phimha Surachai , Suwannaying Kunanya
Published: January 2024

Background In Thailand, the national health care system and nationwide standard treatment protocols have evolved over time, potentially influencing the trends in the incidence and survival rates of childhood cancers. However, further investigations are required to comprehensively study these trends in Khon Kaen, Thailand. Methods Childhood cancer patients aged 0–14 years (n = 541) who were diagnosed with one of the five most common cancers between 2000 and 2019 from the population-based Khon Kaen Cancer Registry were enrolled. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the demographic data, which are presented as numbers, percentages, means, and standard deviations. The trends in incidence between 2000 and 2019, including age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) and annual percent changes (APCs), were analysed using the Joinpoint regression model. Survival analysis was performed for 5-year relative survival rates (RSRs) according to the Pohar Perme estimator and Kaplan–Meier survival curves. Results The ASRs of the overall top 5 childhood cancer groups were 67.96 and 106.12 per million person-years in 2000 and 2019, respectively. Overall, the APC significantly increased by 2.37% each year for both sexes. The overall 5-year RSRs were 60.5% for both sexes, 58.2% for males, and 63.9% for females. The highest 5-year RSR was for germ cell tumours (84.3%), whereas the lowest 5-year RSR was for neuroblastoma (29.1%). Conclusions The incidence and survival rates of childhood cancers in Khon Kaen, Thailand, varied according to age and sex. The trend in incidence and survival increased over time. The implementation of national health policies and adherence to national treatment guidelines have improved cancer diagnosis and treatment outcomes.
The Impact of Therapy Dogs on Anxiety and Emotional Management in the Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Lucrezia Samantha , Edgerton Amy , Feygin Yana , Stevenson Michelle
Published: January 2024

Objectives
determine change in emotional management in children 4–12 years after a visit from a therapy dog and certified child life specialist (CCLS) handler, via observed modified CEMS scores (Children’s Emotional Management Scale), and to determine change in perceived anxiety reported by caregivers, via Subjective Unit of Distress (SUD) score.
Methods
Prospective observational study at a large/urban ED within a freestanding children’s hospital from May-July 2021. Children 4–12 years with at least mild anxiety (SUD ≥ 30) eligible. Children ineligible: current infection, transferred, presented for burn care/dog bite, history of neutropenia/oncologic process, triaged ESI category 1/2, patient/caregiver with fear/allergy to dogs, or already had undergone a procedure. Participants received a 10-minute visit with CCLS and therapy dog. Modified CEMS (accounting for mask use) and SUD scores recorded prior and after intervention by research team and caregiver, respectively.
Results
95 patients approached, no families refused participation, 41 enrolled. After the intervention, modified CEMS scores significantly decreased (p < 0.001), as well as parental perceived anxiety via SUD score (p < 0.001). Mean duration of intervention was 9.10 (3.58) minutes; mean ED length of stay was 3.33 (1.50) hours. 95% of caregivers reported strong satisfaction with therapy dog.
Conclusions
An encounter with a therapy dog and CCLS handler significantly improves emotional management and decreases anxiety in pediatric patients in the ED. Caregivers perceive therapy dogs as calming for their child and praised the intervention. These results support future prospective randomized trials involving therapy dogs in managing pediatric distress in the ED.
Relation Between Pregnancy Psychological Status and Prenatal Depression: A Path Analysis
Authors: Talebi Erfaneh , Mohaddesi Hamideh , Rasouli Javad , Kaviani Shaghayegh
Published: January 2024

Background
Pregnancy is the most stressful period of a woman’s life, during which conditions such as neuroticism, depression, and anxiety are highly prevalent. Considering the literature emphasizing the adverse effects of prenatal depression on the mother and foetus, even in later periods such as childhood and adulthood, the present study aims to identify factors related to prenatal depression among women.
Methods
This cross-sectional (descriptive and analytical) study was conducted on 130 pregnant women referring to health centres in Urmia in 2021. The participants were selected using the multi-stage random sampling method. The instruments included a Demographic-Pregnancy Questionnaire, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Pregnancy Experience Scale (PES), Positive Feeling Questionnaire (PFQ), and Prenatal Distress Questionnaire (PDQ).
Results
The depression rate was obtained at 38% among pregnant women. Prenatal depression was negatively correlated with positive feelings towards the spouse and pregnancy experience. However, it was directly associated with prenatal distress. Moreover, women’s employment status and their husbands’ education could affect prenatal depression.
Conclusion
The results revealed psychological factors such as feelings towards the spouse and pleasant or unpleasant experiences during pregnancy affected women’s mental health. Thus, these factors should be considered when performing interventions to improve depression during pregnancy. Healthcare clinics should be equipped with depression diagnosis tools in routine care programs to screen pregnant mothers, diagnose prenatal depression early, and perform appropriate interventions.
Ethical code:
IR.UMSU.REC.1400.214
Impact of a multi-disciplinary team-based care model for patients living with diabetes on health outcomes: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Jacobs Jacquelyn , Dougherty Alyn , McCarn Banita , Saiyed Nazia , Ignoffo Stacy , Wagener Christina , Miguel Cindy San , Martinez Linda
Published: January 2024

Background
Individuals facing socioeconomic hardship experience higher than average rates of chronic disease, such as diabetes, with less access to evidence-based treatment. One solution to address these inequities is a team-based care (TBC) model, defined as one in which at least two providers work collaboratively with a patient and their caregiver(s) to make healthcare decisions. This paper seeks to examine the implementation of a TBC model within a safety-net healthcare setting and determine the extent to which it can be an effective, patient-centered approach to treating individuals with diabetes.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with staff (n = 15) and patients (n = 18). Clinical data were extracted from the electronic medical record of patients (n = 1,599) seen at a safety-net health system in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The mixed methods study was guided by implementation science and participatory research principles. Staff interviews were 60 minutes and covered patient care activities, work flow, perceived patient experience, and facilitators/barriers to care coordination. Patient interviews were 60 minutes and covered satisfaction, attitudes about diabetes management, quality of life, and technology. Patient interviews were co-analyzed by research staff and members of a patient advisory committee. Clinical data were collected at an index visit, two years prior and at one-year follow up (n = 1,599).
Results
Four themes emerged from the interviews: (1) patients perceived the TBC model to be patient centered and of high quality; (2) technology can be an innovative tool, but barriers exist; (3) diabetes management is a complex process; and (4) staff communication enhances care coordination, but misinterpreting roles reduces care coordination. From pre-enrollment to the follow-up period, we found a statistically significant increase in missed visits, decrease in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), decrease in body mass index, and decrease in the percent of patients with high blood pressure. We found that each medical visit during the follow-up period was associated with an HbA1c decrease of 0.26 points.
Conclusions
A TBC model is a patient-centered approach to providing care to patients with complex health needs, such as diabetes, patients were satisfied with the care they were receiving, and the model was associated with an improvement in clinical outcomes.
Matrix-based project dataset parsers
Authors: Kosztyán Zsolt Tibor , Novák Gergely Lajos
Published: January 2024

There are several existing project datasets, which involve separate data sources for simulated and real projects, individual and multiprojects, and single- and multimodal attributes. In addition, their file structures are heterogeneous; therefore, scholars can usually use only one dataset to test a proposed scheduling or resource allocation algorithm. Since the internal structures of these projects are also very different, it is difficult to ensure that an algorithm optimized for a given type of project will also perform well on projects with other structures. The parser we propose can read several types of projects: simulated, real, individual, and multiprojects, as well as single- and multimodal attributes. In addition, it can consider the priorities of activities and the flexibility of their dependencies, which is essential for modeling the structural flexibility employed by agile, hybrid, and extreme project management approaches. Thus, researchers can build a large project database for testing and comparing different scheduling and resource allocation algorithms.
Stereoselective Polar Radical Crossover for the Functionalization of Strained-Ring Systems
Authors: Didier Dorian , Trauner Florian , Ghazali Rahma , Rettig Jan , Thiele Christina
Published: January 2024

Radical-polar crossover of organoborates is a poweful tool that enables the creation of two C-C bonds simultaneously. Small ring systems have become essential motifs in drug discovery and medicinal chemistry. However, step-economic methods for their selective functionalization remains scarce. Here we present a one-pot strategy that merges a simple preparation of strained organoboron species with the recently popularized polar radical crossover of borate derivatives to stereoselectively access tri-substituted azetidines, cyclobutanes and five-membered carbo- and heterocycles.
Finite Element Modelling of Ultrasonic Assisted Hot Pressing of Metal Powder
Authors: Abedini Rezvan , Fartashvand Vahid , Abdullah Amir , Alizadeh Yunes
Published: January 2024

Ultrasonication has widely been used in many industries to develop advanced materials, improve materials behaviors, and enhance mechanical strength to name a few. The present investigation aims to accelerate the densification mechanisms during the hot-pressing process of Ti-6Al-4V powder through high power ultrasonication. A computational study has been developed and implemented to simulate the consolidation behavior, which have then been compared with those experimental data to ensure the simulation accuracy. The constitutive equations including thermoplastic and power law creep models, were extracted at each of the aforesaid stages and applied by FORTRAN software, respectively, in the form of UMAT and CREEP subroutines in the simulation. Finally, the simulation results in relative density-time diagrams and density distribution have been compared with the results of experimental tests. The comparison of the simulation and experimental results shows a maximum error of 6.8 and 2.8% in predicting the densification behavior of hot pressing without and with ultrasonication, respectively. The results show the good accuracy of the simulation in predicting final relative density and density distribution with ultrasonic vibrations.
General Quasi-Equilibrium Multivalent Binding Model to Study Diverse and Complex Drug-Receptor Interactions of Biologics
Authors: Ng Chee M , Bauer Robert J
Published: January 2024

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of many biologics are influenced by their complex binding to biologic receptor. Biologics consist of diverse groups of molecules with different binding kinetics to its biological receptors including IgG with simple one-to-one drug receptor bindings, bispecific antibody (BsAb) that binds to two different receptors, and biologics that can bind to six or more receptors. As binding process is much faster than elimination and distribution processes of biologics and receptors, quasi-equilibrium (QE) binding models are commonly used to describe drug-receptor binding kinetics of biologics. However, no general QE modeling framework is available to describe complex binding kinetics for diverse classes of biologics. In this paper, we described a novel approach of using differential algebraic equations (DAE) to develop first DAE-based QE multivalent drug-receptor binding (QEMB) model platform and successfully used this novel model platform to develop three different QEMB models in describing binding kinetics of three-body equilibria of BsAb, engineered IgG variant (Multabody) that can bind to 24 target receptors, and IgG with modified neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) binding affinity that compete for the same FcRn receptor with the endogenous IgG. The model parameter estimates were obtained by fitting developed model to all observed data simultaneously. The developed models allowed us to study potential roles of cooperative binding on bell-shaped drug exposure-response relationships of BsAb, and concentration-depended distribution of different drug-receptor complexes for Multabody. This developed DAE-based QEMB model platform can serve as an important first step to better understand complex binding kinetics of diverse classes of biologics.