bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Creating artificial human genomes using generative neural networks
Authors: Yelmen Burak , Decelle Aurélien , Ongaro Linda , Marnetto Davide , Tallec Corentin , Montinaro Francesco , Furtlehner Cyril , Pagani Luca , Jay Flora
Published: February 2021

Generative models have shown breakthroughs in a wide spectrum of domains due to recent advancements in machine learning algorithms and increased computational power. Despite these impressive achievements, the ability of generative models to create realistic synthetic data is still under-exploited in genetics and absent from population genetics. Yet a known limitation in the field is the reduced access to many genetic databases due to concerns about violations of individual privacy, although they would provide a rich resource for data mining and integration towards advancing genetic studies. In this study, we demonstrated that deep generative adversarial networks (GANs) and restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) can be trained to learn the complex distributions of real genomic datasets and generate novel high-quality artificial genomes (AGs) with none to little privacy loss. We show that our generated AGs replicate characteristics of the source dataset such as allele frequencies, linkage disequilibrium, pairwise haplotype distances and population structure. Moreover, they can also inherit complex features such as signals of selection. To illustrate the promising outcomes of our method, we showed that imputation quality for low frequency alleles can be improved by data augmentation to reference panels with AGs and that the RBM latent space provides a relevant encoding of the data, hence allowing further exploration of the reference dataset and features for solving supervised tasks. Generative models and AGs have the potential to become valuable assets in genetic studies by providing a rich yet compact representation of existing genomes and high-quality, easy-access and anonymous alternatives for private databases.
76-year decline and recovery of aspen mediated by contrasting fire regimes: Long-unburned, infrequent and frequent mixed-severity wildfire
Authors: Brewen Cerena J. , Berrill John-Pascal , Ritchie Martin W. , Boston Kevin , Dagley Christa M. , Jones Bobette , Coppoletta Michelle , Burnett Coye L.
Published: February 2021

Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) is a valued, minor component on northeastern California landscapes. It provides a wide range of ecosystem services and has been in decline throughout the region for the last century. This decline may be explained partially by the lack of fire on the landscape due to heavier fire suppression, as aspen benefit from fire that eliminates conifer competition and stimulates reproduction through root suckering. However, there is little known about how aspen stand area changes in response to overlapping fire. Our study area in northeastern California on the Lassen, Modoc and Plumas National Forests has experienced recent large mixed-severity wildfires where aspen was present, providing an opportunity to study the re-introduction of fire. We observed two time periods; a 52-year absence of fire from 1941 to 1993 preceding a 24-year period of wildfire activity from 1993 to 2017. We utilized aerial photos and satellite imagery to delineate aspen stands and assess conifer cover percent. We chose aspen stands in areas where wildfires overlapped (twice-burned), where only a single wildfire burned, and areas that did not burn within the recent 24-year period. We observed these same stands within the first period of fire exclusion for comparison (i.e., 1941–1993). In the absence of fire, all aspen stand areas declined and all stands experienced increases in conifer composition. After wildfire, stands that burned experienced a release from conifer competition and increased in stand area. Stands that burned twice or at high severity experienced a larger removal of conifer competition than stands that burned once at low severity, promoting expansion of aspen stand area. Stands with less edge:area ratio also expanded in area more with fire present. Across both time periods, stand movement, where aspen stand footprints were mostly in new areas compared to footprints of previous years, was highest in smaller stands. In the fire exclusion period, smaller stands exhibited greater loss of area and changes in location (movement) than in the return of fire period, highlighting their vulnerability to loss via succession to conifers in the absence of disturbances that provide adequate growing space for aspen over time.
Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) transiently stimulates the rate of mineralization in a 3-dimensional ring culture model of osteogenesis
Authors: Benya Paul D. , Kavanaugh Aaron , Zakarian Martin , Söderlind Philip , Jashashvili Tea , Zhang Nianli , Waldorff Erik I. , Ryaby James T. , Billi Fabrizio
Published: February 2021

Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) has shown efficacy in bone repair and yet the optimum characteristics of this modality and its molecular mechanism remain unclear. To determine the effects of timing of PEMF treatment, we present a novel three-dimensional culture model of osteogenesis that demonstrates strong de novo generation of collagen and mineral matrix and exhibits stimulation by PEMF in multiple stages over 62 days of culture. Mouse postnatal day 2 calvarial pre-osteoblasts were cast within and around Teflon rings by polymerization of fibrinogen and cultured suspended without contact with tissue culture plastic. Ring constructs were exposed to PEMF for 4h/day for the entire culture (Daily), or just during Day1-Day10, Day11-Day 27, or Day28-Day63 and cultured without PEMF for the preceding or remaining days, and compared to no-PEMF controls. PEMF was conducted as HF Physio, 40.85 kHz frequency with a 67 ms burst period and an amplitude of 1.19 mT. Osteogenesis was kinetically monitored by repeated fluorescence measurements of continuously present Alizarin Red S (ARS) and periodically confirmed by micro-CT. PEMF treatment induced early-onset and statistically significant transient stimulation (~4-fold) of the mineralization rate when PEMF was applied Daily, or during D1-D10 and D11-D27. Stimulation was apparent but not significant between D28-D63 by ARS but was significant at D63 by micro-CT. PEMF also shifted the micro-CT density profiles to higher densities in each PEMF treatment group. Ring culture generated tissue with a mineral:matrix ratio of 2.0 by thermogravimetric analysis (80% of the calvaria control), and the deposited crystal structure was 50% hydroxyapatite by X-ray diffraction (63% of the calvaria and femur controls), independent of PEMF. These results were consistent with backscatter, secondary electron, and elemental analysis by scanning electron microscopy. Thus, in a defined, strong osteogenic environment, PEMF applied at different times was capable of further stimulation of osteogenesis with the potential to enhance bone repair.
Knowledge and practice on prevention of mosquito-borne diseases in livestock-keeping and non-livestock-keeping communities in Hanoi city, Vietnam: A mixed-method study
Authors: Nguyen-Tien Thang , Pham Long Thanh , Vu Duoc Trong , Tran Son Hai , Vu Lieu Thi , Bui Vuong Nghia , Bui Anh Ngoc , Hoang Trung Duc , Vu Thanh Thi , Nguyen-Viet Hung , Magnusson Ulf , Lundkvist Åke , Lindahl Johanna
Published: February 2021

Mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) are causing high morbidity and mortality for humans. Urban livestock keeping is still common in cities around the world. The animals may serve as reservoirs for zoonotic MBDs, which increase the risks for humans. Here we assess the knowledge and practices related to MBDs in households with livestock and without livestock and explore the perceptions of the health care sector about MBDs and livestock keeping in Hanoi city of Vietnam in a cross-sectional study. A quantitative survey was conducted including 513 households with and without livestock-keeping in six districts and complemented with qualitative surveys with four health staff from Hanoi Center of Disease Control and three district health centers. The quantitative survey indicated that the participants possessed basic knowledge on MBDs with an average score of 18.3 out of 35, of which non-livestock-keeping households had a better knowledge than households keeping livestock (p<0.05). Both household categories had low score, 3.5 out of 11, regarding preventive practices against MBDs. The negative binomial model showed that occupation and location of living were factors associated to the knowledge on MBDs. Farmers were likely to have better preventive practices as compared to office workers (p<0.05). Those who had better knowledge also had more adequate preventive practices against MBDs (p<0.001). The qualitative survey revealed that livestock keeping was determined as increasing risks of MBDs due to the increase of mosquito population. It is recommended that community campaigns to raise the awareness and change behavior on MBDs should be organized based on collaboration between the health sector and the veterinary sector for households with and without livestock living in central urban and peri-urban areas. Further studies are needed to confirm the association between urban livestock keeping and potential increasing risks of MBDs such as dengue and Japanese encephalitis.
Priapism in sickle cell disease: Associations between NOS3 and EDN1 genetic polymorphisms and laboratory biomarkers
Authors: Figueiredo Camylla Vilas Boas , Santiago Rayra Pereira , da Guarda Caroline Conceição , Oliveira Rodrigo Mota , Fiuza Luciana Magalhães , Yahouédéhou Sètondji Cocou Modeste Alexandre , Carvalho Suéllen Pinheiro , Neres Joelma Santana dos Santos , Oliveira Antonio Mateus de Jesus , Fonseca Cleverson Alves , Nascimento Valma Maria Lopes , Lyra Isa Menezes , Aleluia Milena Magalhães , Goncalves Marilda Souza
Published: February 2021

Priapism is a urologic emergency characterized by an uncontrolled, persistent and painful erection in the absence of sexual stimulation, which can lead to penile fibrosis and impotence. It is highly frequent in sickle cell disease (SCD) associated with hemolytic episodes. Our aim was to investigate molecules that may participate in the regulation of vascular tone. Eighty eight individuals with SCD were included, of whom thirty-seven reported a history of priapism. Priapism was found to be associated with alterations in laboratory biomarkers, as well as lower levels of HbF. Patients with sickle cell anemia using hydroxyurea and those who received blood products seemed to be less affected by priapism. Multivariate analysis suggested that low HbF and NOm were independently associated with priapism. The frequency of polymorphisms in genes NOS3 and EDN1 was not statistically significant between the studied groups, and the presence of the variant allele was not associated with alterations in NOm and ET-1 levels in patients with SCD. The presence of the variant allele in the polymorphisms investigated did not reveal any influence on the occurrence priapism. Future studies involving larger samples, as well as investigations including patients in priapism crisis, could contribute to an enhanced understanding of the development of priapism in SCD.
Patient choice improves self-efficacy and intention to complete tuberculosis preventive therapy in a routine HIV program setting in Uganda
Authors: Lim Rachel K. , Semitala Fred C. , Atuhumuza Elly , Sabiti Laban , Namakula-Katende Jane , Muyindike Winnie R. , Kamya Moses R. , Dowdy David , Cattamanchi Adithya
Published: February 2021

A 12-dose weekly regimen of rifapentine plus isoniazid (3HP) is recommended for the prevention of active tuberculosis (TB); however, it is unclear whether 3HP should be provided by directly observed therapy (DOT) or self-administered therapy (SAT). In addition, the introduction of patient informed choice between delivery modalities may have a positive impact on factors leading to treatment completion. The authors randomized 252 participants with HIV to a hypothetical scenario of providing preventive therapy by either DOT or an informed choice between DOT and SAT. Out of 104 participants who were randomized to a choice between DOT and SAT, 103 chose therapy by SAT. Participants rated their level of confidence and intention to complete therapy. Compared to those assigned to the DOT scenario, patients assigned to the choice scenario expressed greater confidence and intention to complete preventive therapy. Convenience and travel required to complete 3HP therapy were important factors in deciding between delivery modalities. Those assigned to DOT identified more barriers to completing therapy than those given a choice. Empowering patients to make informed decisions about how they receive TB preventive therapy may improve completion rates.
Factors determining antibiotic use in the general population: A qualitative study in Spain
Authors: Vazquez-Cancela Olalla , Souto-Lopez Laura , Vazquez-Lago Juan M. , Lopez Ana , Figueiras Adolfo
Published: February 2021

Background

Antibiotic resistance is an important Public Health problem and many studies link it to antibiotic misuse. The population plays a key role in such misuse.

Objective

The aim of this study was thus to explore the factors that might influence antibiotic use and resistance in the general population.

Methods

Qualitative research using the focus group (FG) method. Groups were formed by reference to the following criteria: age (over and under 65 years); place of origin; and educational/professional qualifications. FG sessions were recorded, transcribed and then separately analysed by two researchers working independently. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Results

Eleven FGs were formed with a total of 75 participants. The principal factors identified as possible determinants of antibiotic misuse were: (i) lack of knowledge about antibiotics; (ii) doctor-patient relationship problems; (iii) problems of adherence; and, (iv) use without medical prescription. Antibiotic resistance is a phenomenon unknown to the population and is perceived as an individual problem, with the term “resistance” being confused with “tolerance”. None of the groups reported that information about resistance had been disseminated by the health care sector.

Conclusions

The public is unaware of the important role it plays in the advance of antimicrobial resistance. There is evidence of diverse factors, many of them modifiable, which might account for antibiotic misuse. Better understanding these factors could be useful in drawing up specific strategies aimed at improving antibiotic use.
Polygenic risk score validation using Korean genomes of 265 early-onset acute myocardial infarction patients and 636 healthy controls
Authors: Bhak Youngjune , Jeon Yeonsu , Jeon Sungwon , Yoon Changhan , Kim Min , Blazyte Asta , Kim Yeonkyung , Kang Younghui , Kim Changjae , Lee Sang Yeub , Bae Jang-Whan , Kim Weon , Kim Yeo Jin , Shim Jungae , Kim Nayeong , Chun Sung , Kim Byoung-Chul , Kim Byung Chul , Lee Semin , Bhak Jong , Shin Eun-Seok
Published: February 2021

Background

The polygenic risk score (PRS) developed for coronary artery disease (CAD) is known to be effective for classifying patients with CAD and predicting subsequent events. However, the PRS was developed mainly based on the analysis of Caucasian genomes and has not been validated for East Asians. We aimed to evaluate the PRS in the genomes of Korean early-onset AMI patients (n = 265, age ≤50 years) following PCI and controls (n = 636) to examine whether the PRS improves risk prediction beyond conventional risk factors.

Results

The odds ratio of the PRS was 1.83 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.69–1.99) for early-onset AMI patients compared with the controls. For the classification of patients, the area under the curve (AUC) for the combined model with the six conventional risk factors (diabetes mellitus, family history of CAD, hypertension, body mass index, hypercholesterolemia, and current smoking) and PRS was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90–0.94) while that for the six conventional risk factors was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85–0.93). Although the AUC for PRS alone was 0.65 (95% CI: 0.61–0.69), adding the PRS to the six conventional risk factors significantly improved the accuracy of the prediction model (P = 0.015). Patients with the upper 50% of PRS showed a higher frequency of repeat revascularization (hazard ratio = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.47–3.26) than the others.

Conclusions

The PRS using 265 early-onset AMI genomes showed improvement in the identification of patients in the Korean population and showed potential for genomic screening in early life to complement conventional risk prediction.
Jean de Rouen et l’architecture militaire
Authors: Moreira Rafael
Published: February 2021

Cet article cherche à expliquer comment Jean de Rouen est venu s’établir à Coimbra aussi bien qu’à réviser sa ‘seconde période’, point comme une phase de décadence stylistique mais plutôt comme um plus grand intérêt aux aspects sociaux de l’ “architectura” vitruvienne: les bonnes oeuvres (‘évergétisme’) ainsi qu’un projet utilitaire, au lieu de la recherche de la grâce et la Beauté. L’aqueduc de Coimbra lui y est attribué.
The entombment of Christ by Jean de Rouen, a mysterious work and a case of formal transmigration
Authors: Gonçalves Carla Alexandra
Published: February 2021

No início dos anos 40, João de Ruão esculpiu, em Coimbra, uma espectacular Deposição no Túmulo. A historiografia artística tem vindo a integrar esta obra na Capela do Santo Sepulcro da igreja monástica de Santa Cruz (atualmente no Museu Nacional de Machado de Castro — MNMC, n.º E 109), mas os testemunhos históricos omitem esta presença. Entre 1540 e os últimos anos do século XIX, não existem referências à monumental Deposição em Santa Cruz, facto que instigou a aprofundar a pesquisa sobre a fortuna histórica desta obra de arte. O objectivo deste artigo é confrontar este conjunto escultórico monumental de Coimbra com outras fontes de influência visual, como os tableaux vivant criados nos teatros (litúrgicos) dos mistérios (comuns na Normandia naquela época), compará-lo com algumas obras semelhantes construídas em território francês entre finais do século XV e primeira metade do século XVI, e verificar a sua fortuna histórica.
Chinese basic education and experience from three regions (Shanghai, Guangdong, Sichuan)
Authors: Huiyun Li , Yanglitao Wang , Xintian Wu
Published: February 2021

Basic education is the foundation for people to gain more knowledge in the process of growing up and living. High buildings rise from the ground. What does basic education exert to cultivate the people is the foundation for building a house. Therefore, basic education is such an impor-tant and basic project to improve the quality of people. Since China’s reform and opening and the re-introduction of the college entrance examination in the late 1970s, basic education has continuously improved and developed with more and more attention. China started to participate in the Program for International Students Assessment PISA5 in 2009. Up to now, China has par-ticipated in four sessions of PISA with relatively good grades6. The results of the PISA can help to examine the education quality, fairness and development efficiency, establish and improve an education monitoring indicator system, and promote education reforms for both China and the other countries in the world. The progress of China’s basic education and education with Chinese characteristics has contributed to China’s all-round development, which also provided references for other countries. In the meantime, PISA’s analysis of China and other countries also reflect the parts of China’s basic education that need to be promoted and emphasized.
Tanulás a gyakorlatban – Az akciótanulás összefoglalása
Authors: Csontos Tamás Tibor
Published: February 2021

A 2020/21-es tanév első szemeszterében, a Budapesti Corvinus Egyetem „Üzleti közgaz-daságtan” kurzusának keretében sor került egy nagyszabású akciótanulás programra. Az egyetem 65 mesterszakos hallgatója a Portfólió Csoport, a Magyar Posta Zrt. és a Mediaworks Hungary Zrt. vezetői által meghatározott négy projekt egyikében közreműködtek. A program mind a diákok, mind a vállalatok számára hasznos volt. A hallgatók szá-mára lehetővé tette ismereteik gyakorlati alkalmazását, a cégek pedig kreatív és szakmailag felkészült fiatalok tanácsait és javaslatait tudták megismerni. Az akciótanulás program koordinátora és a hallgatói csapatok mentora Hadházyné dr. Burucs Magdolna Judit, egyetemünk Világgazdasági Tanszékének oktatója volt, aki odaadó munkájával segítette a hallgatók és a cégek közötti kapcsolattartást, illetve a felmerülő szakmai kérdések megoldását. A programban én az ő munkáját támogattam, különös tekintettel a kommunikáció zökkenőmentessé tételére. A következőkben a szemeszter során szerzett tapasztalataim alapján fogom bemutatni az akciótanulás programját, kitérve a célokra, a projektek leírására, a menetrendre és végül az eredményekre.
Local Wisdom-based Character Values in Millennial Madurese Community: A Study of Molothen Traditions
Authors: Wahab  , Khairiansyah Heri , Misridah
Published: February 2021

Molothen (Mawlid al-Nabi) for the people of Madura is a profoundly ingrained local culture and wisdom. Apart from being full of religious values, this tradition also has character education values. This study aims to determine the values of character education in the Molothen tradition and how this shapes the millennial Madurese community's character. This article is a case study research using a qualitative approach. Data were collected using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The results showed that the Madurese one generation performed the Molothen tradition to another. The character values contained in the Molothen tradition are religion, discipline, independence, responsibility, and cooperation/solidarity. These character values can then shape the personality of the millennial Madurese community to become virtuous.
SENTRALITAS JARINGAN TEMAN DAN ADAPTASI PSIKOLOGIS MAHASISWA BARU: IMPLEMENTASI SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS
Authors: Nurjaman Tabah Aris
Published: February 2021

Salah satu tuntutan psikologis yang dihadapi mahasiswa baru adalah adaptasi pada lingkungan barunya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh sentralitas jaringan sosial terhadap adaptasi psikologis pada mahasiswa baru dalam dua tahap analisis. Tahap pertama dilakukan dengan implementasi Analisis Jejaring Sosial (AJS) untuk memperoleh data jaringan sosial, berupa sentralitas closeness, betweenness, eigenvector, information, dan power. Tahap uji pengaruh dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi berganda dan regresi non-linier model kuadratik. Pengambilan data dilakukan terhadap 47 mahasiswa (Musia = 18,7 tahun; 81% wanita), yang baru menempuh satu setengah semester perkuliahan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner terbuka tentang lima teman terpercaya di kelas untuk analisis jejaring sosial dan kuesioner adaptasi Brief Psychological Adaptation Scale (BPAS) untuk mengukur adaptasi psikologis (8 aitem; α = 0,73). Hasil analisis jejaring sosial menunjukkan dominasi aktor-11 dan aktor-12 pada dua dari lima sentralitas jaringan sosial. Berdasarkan pengaruhnya, secara bersama-sama sentralitas mempengaruhi adaptasi psikologis pada mahasiswa baru, namun hanya sentralitas closeness dan power yang berkontribusi secara signifikan. Pengujian pengaruh tunggal, sentralitas information menjadi satu-satunya sentralitas jaringan yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap adaptasi psikologis.
GENDER VERIFICATION IN SPORT: THE AUSTRALIAN EXPERIENCE
Authors:   , doctor of medical sciences, associate professor, head of the department of emergency conditions of the Academy of postgraduate education of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Federal scientific clinical center for specialized types of medical care and medical technologies FMBA of Russia,, Borodina M.A. , Mashkova K.V. ,   Ph.D. of juridical sciences (candidate of sciences), associate professor of the department of sports lawKutafin Moscow State Law University,Russian Federation, Zenin S.S. ,   , Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law, Moscow State Law University named after O.E. Kutafina (Moscow State Law Academy)
Published: February 2021

The issue of non-discrimination of persons with different gender identities in sports is increasingly discussed both at the international and national level, influencing decisions on the possibility of allowing transgender and intersex people to participate in sports competitions held at the Amateur and professional levels. In Australia, with enough close attention to this issue, an unambiguous position of sports federations has not been formed, which is facilitated by its not sufficiently clear legislative regulation. On the one hand, this is due to the Federal structure of the state, which means that only General approaches are formulated at the Federal level, and the States are given the opportunity to make their own adjustments, which they successfully use. On the other, wide enough discrete authority was given by the sports federations which do not put in front of sports clubs and educational institutions, providing competition with the task of using the results of genetic or hormonal studies for gender verification, given the inevitable in this case, difficulties in organizing and conducting competitions, as well as shared the idea on creation of necessary conditions for inclusion of transgender and intersex persons in full sporting life. This issue is raised only in the case of claims of these persons to participate in international sports competitions, but even in this case it is assumed to be limited to giving them the necessary consultations. The position of the Australian football League in this sense is an exception to the rule, which is the subject of criticism from the standpoint of implementing the principle of equal rights of citizens
CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO USING THE RESULTS OF GENETIC RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF PERSONAL INSURANCE
Authors:   Director of the Legal Department, Joint Stock Company Insurance Company “Alliance”, Suvorova E.I.
Published: February 2021

The availability and high information content of the results of genetic research require the legislator to decide on the limits of their use in various spheres of public life, including when concluding insurance contracts. Targeted genome sequencing is more appropriate for insurance purposes, although for de novo mutations, disease detection is only possible when exomic sequencing is performed. The research made it possible to conclude that there is a need for regulatory regulation of the use of genetic research results in the implementation of personal insurance. At the same time, we should proceed from: a differentiated approach to diagnostic and predictive tests, extending restrictions only to the latter; the possibility of regulating these relations at the level of self-regulationwhile controlling key positions by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation as the regulator of the insurance market; the permissibility of the use of genetic testing results in the sphere of voluntary personal insurance in case of a contract for the amount above the established limits; the necessity of refutation is a family history in order to develop a more favorable terms of insurance with the appropriate will of the insured; the feasibility of establishing a Biobank data including the purpose of ensuring the access of insurers to the impersonal statistical information. At the same time, it is true that in many aspects the lack of access to genetic data is fully compensated for by traditional actuarial methods.
A CLUSTERING METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING FILE IMPACTS BASED ON THE K-MEANS ALGORITHM USED IN INFORMATION SECURITY INCIDENTS INVESTIGATION
Authors:   assistant   of   Educational   and   Scientific   Center   “Information   Security”,   Institute of Radio electronics and Information Technologies, Ural Federal University named after first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Gibilinda R. V.
Published: February 2021

The article presents a clustering method for identifying file impacts used in information se-curity incidents investigation. The proposed method is based on application of k-means cluster-ization algorithm with adapted automatic optimal cluster number determination algorithm. Precisely defined clusters amount allows to group data to describe file impacts. The article dis-cusses preparation process of input data obtained from $UsnJrnl volume changes log records, as well as the algorithm for identifying complex file impacts based on the search for relation-ships between clusters. The proposed clustering method has a pronounced automated charac-ter, which allows a specialist that carries out an information security incident investigation to speed up the process of identifying and eliminating the consequences of an incide
DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANONYMIZATION OF PERSONAL DATA USING THE INTRUDER’S MODEL
Authors:   Senior  Lecturer  of  Department  of  Information  Security,  South  Ural  State  University  (national  research  university).  7, Mishchenko E. Yu. , Sokolov A. N. ,   Ph.D., Associate Professor, Head of Department of Information Security, Federal    State    Autonomous    Educational    Institution    of    Higher    Education    "South    Ural    State                                                   University    (national    research    university)".    76,    Lenin    prospekt,
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the violator’s model as a means of testing the effectiveness of some methods of anonymization of personal data (PD) based on distortions of the composition and structure of the PD database. The lack of methods for determining the effectiveness of anony-mization of PD is an obstacle to the widespread use of the procedure of anonymization in prac-tice as a way to protect PD. A description of the intruder’s model is given, as well as an algorithm for influencing an impersonal database, the purpose of which is to disclose an algorithm for distorting the composition (or structure). The criterion for the success of the impact algorithm is the minimum of iterations. At the same time, the lack of success of the intruder model algorithm indicates the sufficient efficiency of the depersonalization method algorithm. As a result of the experiment, recommendations were obtained on the use of specific parameters for methods of depersonalization
Beyond the Battlefields of Memory: Historical Traumas and Hungarian Literature
Authors: Kisantal Tamás
Published: February 2021

One can describe the contemporary Hungarian collective memory as an interpretational field of some traumatic historical events of the twentieth century. The essay aims to sketch some important tendencies of the literary representation of these events after the millennium. At first, it outlines the wider social and political contexts of these literary works. Secondly, it models the current Hungarian cultural field as an opposition between two strategies of memory labeling them in Michael Rothberg’s terminology as competitive and multidirectional ones. These approaches to the past are also associated with different ideological implications and literary canons. Finally, with a brief overview of some recent novels, the essay demonstrates some pathways of representing multidirectional attitudes to the past in the Hungarian literary fiction of the 2000s.
The Image of the Czech Past in the Contemporary Docudrama
Authors: Merenus Aleš , Lollok Marek
Published: February 2021

This study attempts to depict, describe and analyse the intersection of documentary material with the structure and, by extension, the fictional worlds of current drama texts. On the basis of selected examples, it presents several types of Czech docudrama, from biographically-based plays and “tribunal dramas” to stage collages. The common denominator behind these texts is their attempt to create an impression of authenticity among recipients, as well as “faithfulness” to reality. Their main objective is to provide a fresh interpretation of a historical event or to present or rehabilitate particular historical figures and, not least, also to recreate collective memory and the Czech national identity within the framework of the Central European cultural space.
Literature and Geography
Authors: Czapliński Przemysław
Published: February 2021

This article proposes to treat literature as a template of the collective imagination. The basis for discussion is Polish prose from 1986–2016, with the main thesis being that Polish culture has reached the limits of geographical imagination. This is the result of Poland withdrawing from the larger structures to which it once belonged or to which it aspired (its diminishing presence in the European Union, the disappearance of Central Europe, delayed efforts to pursue the Scandinavian model of the state and civic culture, the destruction of relations with Lithuania, Belarus and Ukraine). Weakening or breaking ties with neighboring countries has led to isolation from all four sides. In order to get out of this impasse, it is necessary to develop new narratives that would link Poland with the neighboring cultures and would once again put our country back on the European map.
Становление и развитие современного института губернатора в России (на примере Иркутской области)
Authors: Zulyar Yuriy , Zulyar Raksana , Rybalko Mikhail
Published: February 2021

Исследование процесса создания, становления и развития современной модели российского федерализма обязательно приводит к необходимости анализа института губернатора, являющегося одной из ключевых элементов российской государственности. В течение всего постсоветского периода в системе российского федерализма идет борьба двух тенденций: централизации и децентрализации, в настоящее время доминирует первая. Роль губернатора (главы региона) является ключевой и определяющей во взаимодействии федеральной и региональных властных элит. Спецификой российской модели федерализма является его асимметричность, обусловленная этнической субъектностью. Однако формально главы субъектов РФ имеют равные права и одинаковый круг полномочий. В действительности это не так, но причины этого чисто субъктивны. В каждом субъекте сложилась региональная элита, ориентированная и связанная с правящим классом страны, но не консолидированная внутри мегарегионов. Россия, как реально асимметричная федерация вынуждена уделять большое внимание борьбе с сепаратизмом. В процессе сложных и трудных поисков,руководство страны выработаломодель эффективного федерализма – императивного, при формировании которого был учтен советский опыт. Основным принципом этой модели является соответствие главы региона статусу федерального чиновника, но не представителя, а тем более лидера региональной элиты. Реализация этого принципа весьма трудна, так как находится в противоречии с институтом прямых выборов губернаторов. Однако президент В. В. Путин, владея правом отстранения главы субъекта, строго следит за тем, чтобы они не проводили антигосударственную политику, не имели криминального прошлого и не совершали должностных преступлений. В целях обеспечения эффективного функционирования данной модели, Центр старается не допускать превращения регионов в площадки карьерного роста и делегирует на должности глав субъектов представителей федеральных элит, не связанных с возглавляемыми регионами. При этом особое значение придается его партийности – членство или сочувствие правящей „Единой России”.
Levon Ter-Petrossian, Armenia Future, Relations with Turkey, and the Karabagh Conflict, edited by Arman Grigoryan, Palgrave Macmillan, Cham 2018, ss. 174.
Authors: Czachor Rafał
Published: February 2021

Recenzja
Silencing XIST mitigated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory injury in human lung fibroblast WI-38 cells through modulating miR-30b-5p/CCL16 axis and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Jiahui , Li Honggui , Lv Ying , Zhang Chang , Chen Yiting , Yu Dezhao
Published: February 2021

Background

Emerging evidence shows that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been a novel insight in various diseases, including pneumonia. Even though lncRNA X-inactive-specific transcript (XIST) is well studied, its role in pneumonia remains to be largely unrevealed.

Methods

Expression of XIST, miRNA-30b-5p (miR-30b-5p), and CC chemokine ligand 16 (CCL16) was detected using reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting; their interaction was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Apoptosis, inflammation, and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB signaling pathway were measured using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, flow cytometry, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation decreased cell viability and B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 expression, and increased cell apoptosis rate and expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), cleaved-caspase-3, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in WI-38 cells. Expression of XIST and CCL16 was upregulated in the serum of patients with pneumonia and LPS-induced WI-38 cells, respectively; silencing XIST and CCL16 could suppress LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation in WI-38 cells, and this protection was abolished by miR-30b-5p downregulation. Moreover, XIST and CCL16 could physically bind to miR-30b-5p, and XIST regulated CCL16 expression via sponging miR-30b-5p. TLR4 and phosphorylated P65 (p-P65) and p-IκB-α were highly induced by LPS treatment, and this upregulation was diminished by blocking XIST, accompanied with CCL16 downregulation and miR-30b-5p upregulation.

Conclusions

Silencing XIST could alleviate LPS-induced inflammatory injury in human lung fibroblast WI-38 cells through modulating miR-30b-5p/CCL16 axis and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Effectuation (EF) and Causation (CS) on Venture Performance and Entrepreneurs’ Dispositions Affecting the Reliance on EF and CS
Authors: Yoon Jang Hyo , Cho Erin
Published: February 2021

This study investigates whether and how different decision logics (i.e., effectuation and causation) are linked to venture performance (i.e., annual average growth in revenue and profit as well as subjective assessments of venture performance and funding status). We also examine how dispositional characteristics of an entrepreneur (i.e., learning and performance goal orientations, ambiguity tolerance, desire for change, and locus of control) influence the use of different decision logics. The results indicate that causation has a significantly positive effect on revenue growth as well as subjective assessments of venture performance and funding status, while effectuation has a significantly negative effect on profit growth. We find that learning-goal orientation leads to a greater reliance on effectuation, while performance-goal orientation increases the use of causation. An internal locus of control positively affects the reliance on both effectuation and causation, while the desire for change increases the use of effectuation.
Design and analysis of pentaband annular microstrip antenna using multiport network modeling
Authors: Pradhan Suman , Gupta Bhaskar
Published: February 2021

A slot loaded annular sector microstrip antenna having a pentaband operation is presented. The antenna has six resonant frequencies and the fourth band occurs between the fourth and fifth resonance. The radiation pattern is linearly polarized at all the frequencies. The radiation is broadside directed at the first three bands, tilted at the fourth and split at the fifth band. The resonant frequencies are located at 3.543 (Sub-6 GHz 5G band), 5.118 (ISM 5.2 GHz), 5.625 (WiMAX 5.8 GHz), 8.463, 9.534 and 11.25 GHz. Analysis of the structure is done using Multiport Network Modeling which fairly accurately predicts the resonant frequencies of the structure.
CFD-PBM simulation of hydrodynamics of microbubble column with shear-thinning fluid
Authors: Zhang Xi , Zhu Ping , Li Shuaichao , Fan Wenyuan , Lian Jingyan
Published: February 2021

A numerical simulation was performed to study the hydrodynamics of micro-bubble swarm in bubble column with polyacrylamide (PAM) aqueous solution by using computational fluid dynamics coupled with population balance models (CFD-PBM). By considering rheological characteristics of fluid, this approach was able to accurately predict the features of bubble swarm, and validated by comparing with the experimental results. The gas holdup, turbulent kinetic energy and liquid velocity of bubble column have been elucidated by considering the influences of superficial gas velocity and gas distributor size respectively. The results show that with the rise of the superficial gas velocity, the gas holdup and its peak width increase significantly. Especially, the curve peak corresponding to high gas velocity tends to drift obviously toward the right side. Except for the occurrence of a smooth holdup peak at the column center under the condition of the moderate distributor size, the gas holdups for the small and large distributor sizes become flat in the radial direction respectively. The distribution of turbulent kinetic energy presents an increasingly asymmetrical feature in the radial direction and also its variation amplitude enhances obviously with the rise of gas velocity. The increase in gas distributor size can enhance markedly turbulent kinetic energy as well as its overall influenced width. At the low and moderate superficial gas velocity, the curves of the liquid velocity in radial direction present the Gaussian distributions, whereas the perfect distribution always is broken in the symmetry for high gas velocity. Both liquid velocities around the bubble column center and the ones near both column walls go up consistently with the gas distributor size, especially near the walls at the large distributor size condition.
Better efficiency for the olefin plant demethanizer tower by replacing trays with packing
Authors: Barza Amir , Nguyen D. Duc , Pirouzfar Vahid , Su Chia-Hung
Published: February 2021

The demethanizer tower of Kavian olefin plant had a problem in more than 77% of the nominal capacity. Its performance was reduced by flooding with considering the inside pressure drop and fluctuation of the bottom liquid level increase. For this reason, a study was performed and the simulation results (with PRO II and SULCOL) were successfully implemented. Finally, troubleshooting and practical solutions were compared with simulation results. In order to tower modifications, an instruction had been issued so that all 40 trays had to be completely discharged and then the tower was refilled with 16 ton packing. According to this solution, the volume of ethylene as final product was increases about 23% and reaches the designed nominal capacity.
Strain specific response of mice to IMQ-induced psoriasis
Authors: Badanthadka Murali , D’Souza Lidwin , Salwa Fathima
Published: February 2021

Objectives

Psoriasis is an autoimmune, inflammatory disease that needs a reliable animal model. Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis is a widely used preclinical tool for psoriasis research. However, this model is sensitive to the genetic variation of mice. The present study explores mice’s genetic background on disease stability and severity induced by IMQ.

Methods

Three distinct strains of mice (Balb/c, C57BL/6, and Swiss albino) were divided into four groups (Vaseline, IMQ, IMQ+Clobetasol, and IMQ+Curcumin). Psoriasis area severity index (PASI) score, ear/back skin thickness, body weight alterations, and histopathological examination were employed to analyze disease severity. The spleen index studied the systemic effect. Strain effect on oxidative stress induced by IMQ was evaluated by estimating antioxidant factors, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione (GSH).

Results

IMQ application resulted in increased PASI score, thickness, and alterations in body weight, confirming disease development in all the mice. However, the disease stability/severity between these strains was not identical. Although IMQ application caused splenomegaly, IMQ+curcumin treated C57BL/6 mice demonstrated a synergistic effect of IMQ and curcumin on the spleen resulting in increased splenomegaly. Decreased cellular enzyme activity in SOD, Catalase, and levels of GSH was observed in IMQ challenged mice, indicating the participation of the redox system in the genesis of the disease that was comparable among the strains.

Conclusions

These results indicate the existence of strain-dependent development of the disease. The Swiss model was found to be better in terms of disease severity and stability than other models. Further, a detailed mechanistic study might help to explain the pathological difference between these strains.
Text formulations as practices of demonstrating understanding in dialogic reading
Authors: Pulles Maaike , Berenst Jan , Koole Tom , de Glopper Kees
Published: February 2021

This paper examinestext formulationsin the interaction between peers in primary school during dialogic reading, in inquiry learning settings. In this context pupils collaboratively use information from texts to answer their research questions. The data analyzed include 25 excerpts of pupils demonstrating understanding of text. We used Conversation Analysis to analyze how pupils demonstrate their understanding by the use of text formulations, as a specific type of formulations, and how these formulations function as a bridge between the reading action and the discussion of text content. Parallel to the types of conversational formulations (gist and upshot), we found two practices of demonstrating understanding, namely (1) formulating the gist of relevant text to demonstrate literal understanding, and (2) formulating an upshot to demonstrate how the text contributes to the reading goal. Both types are used to establish shared understanding of text, but focus the discussion as well on what participants find relevant information in the text to further talk about. To reach shared understanding and to use it for next steps, both interactants need to have access to the text in some way. This study contributes to our understanding of how pupils collaboratively use text to build their knowledge.