bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mutation bias and the predictability of evolution
Authors: Cano Alejandro , Gitschlag Bryan , Rozhonova Hana , Stoltzfus Arlin , McCandlish David , Payne Joshua
Published: December 2022

Predicting evolutionary outcomes is an important research goal in a diversity of contexts. The focus of evolutionary forecasting is usually on adaptive processes, and efforts to improve prediction typically focus on selection. However, adaptive processes often rely on new mutations, which can be strongly influenced by predictable biases in mutation. Here we provide an overview of existing theory and evidence for such mutation-biased adaptation and consider the implications of these results for the problem of prediction, in regard to topics such as the evolution of infectious diseases, resistance to biochemical agents, as well as cancer and other kinds of somatic evolution. We argue that empirical knowledge of mutational biases is likely to improve in the near future, and that this knowledge is readily applicable to the challenges of short-term prediction.
A Critical Study on Pandemic Online Teaching Challenges and Its Impact on Teaching Learning Methods
Authors: Khanam Ambreen
Published: December 2022

The covid-19 pandemic has adversely affected the economy, business and human lifestyle, which proved to be very destructive in the decade years. Worldwide, many countries have implemented control measures like temporary suspension of schools, offices, and stores and social segregation between the countries. In this pandemic condition, most universities, schools and colleges started to implement digitalized learning processes globally. This study investigated the online teaching challenges and their impact on teaching-learning methods during the covid-19 pandemic.  This research explored the various aspects and dimensions of online education teaching and learning practices which are prevalent in education sectors. The study is conclusive, and it provided specific suggestions, recommendations and conclusions for improving online TLP (teaching-learning practices) in higher education sectors. The primary data was collected from 100 teachers and 100 students in some selected colleges through a structured questionnaire. The secondary data was collected from various published sources like journals, magazines and articles from 2019 to till date. Further, the collected data has been processed in IBM SPSS software for statistical analysis and testing of the hypothesis; based on the analysis, the ANOVA, chi-square, standard deviation, mean, frequency distribution and graphs were plotted in the analysis part. Based on the analysis, the result of the study indicated that the majority of the respondents are adapted to online learning practices, and they motivate themselves to attend online classes during the pandemic period. The survey of the study indicated that there is a positive impact on students’ perception towards online learning systems and the adaption practices in the higher education sector. The quality of online learning depends upon the teaching pedagogy, innovative teaching methodology, collaborative learning and motivating students during the online learning process. The teaching faculties should motivate the students through their effective teaching method to engage the students in entire online classes. The teachers should appreciate and encourage the students during online learning to motivate and engage themselves in attending the classes. The teachers need to improve their teaching pedagogy during their online classes to engage and motivate the students during this pandemic period.
Arabic and English War Poetry: A Comparative Study of Wilfred Owen and Abdul Razzaq Abdul Wahid's Selected War Poems
Authors: Alkhafaji Suaad
Published: December 2022

Over the ages, and in all nations, war has been a significant topic of analysis. The successive outbreak of wars throughout history make the subject of war part of human life. There is no good war, as well as there is no winner; every side at war has something to lose, and this is a universal truth everywhere. War is war; it is the same ugly war everywhere and every time. However, what makes war different is the pen of the writers and the language that is used to describe this serious subject. Each writer or poet presents war differently according to his or her views, attitudes, or experiences. This study aims to make a comparison between two poets who wrote about war. The Arab poet Abdul Razzaq Abdul Wahid (1930-2015) and the English poet Wilfred Owen (1893-1918). This comparative study explores the similarities and differences between these two poets and their ways of dealing with the subject of war. The study will discuss two poems; "Dulce et Decorum Est" from Owen and "You Terrified the Death" ((روعتم الموت by Abdul Wahid. The paper focuses on using language for both poets and with reference to some theories about structure, content, form, and technique of literary language and poetics.
Detecting Main Topics using Dictionary-based Topic Analysis
Authors: Pavan Luca
Published: December 2022

This paper describes a dictionary-based software for topic analysis written by the author. The dictionary was created manually. Many studies showed the advantages of using dictionaries to analyze texts. The software described here works in English and Italian languages, and it does not make use of probabilistic methods. In natural language processing, the use of a lexicon to reveal topics in a text is often avoided. Topics depend very much on the context. Assigning unique words to each topic does not help to check the topics in different contexts. However, the software, with a dictionary of about 5,500 topic words described in the paper, in many cases, allows the same word to fall into different topics. This approach allows one to find the main topics in a text, which corresponds to the most frequent topic words detected by the software. Advantages and disadvantages are discussed in the paper, along with examples. The software was extensively tested on large texts, such as Internet news corpora and classics of English and American literature, showing very high reliability in detecting the main topics. Analysis of topics in literary works demonstrates almost the same conclusions as were reached by critics.
Do Artificial Intelligence and Digital Marketing Impact Purchase Intention Mediated by Perceived Value?
Authors: Riza Aura Febriani  , Sholahuddin Muhammad , Kuswati Rini , Soepatini
Published: December 2022

Over the past few years, the online market has rapidly expanded and changed the patterns of business activity in response to the ever-increasing technology. E-commerce has facilitated a new culture of buying and selling practices. Shopee is one of the most popular online shopping platforms in Indonesia. This study examines the impact of Artificial Intelligence and digital marketing on purchase intention and perceived value in the Shopee marketplace. The research method was quantitative, the data collection method used was the questionnaire method, and the sample size for this study was equal to one hundred individuals. The use of SmartPLS 3.0 facilitated analysis throughout this research. The findings show that Artificial intelligence does not affect perceived value. However, digital marketing's impact is positive and significant. Artificial Intelligence positively affects consumers' purchase intention. Digital marketing does not affect consumers' purchase intention. Perceived value influences purchase intent. Artificial Intelligence has no impact on purchase intention when value mediates it. Scented product or service value mediates digital marketing's positive effect on purchase intention. The results of this study and those of earlier research differ because this study includes perceived value mediation, which was not included in earlier research and was not published in any of the journals that contained earlier research.
The Impact of e-WOM and Celebrity Endorser on Purchase Intention Mediated by Brand Image: A Study on Halal Cosmetic Products
Authors: Indriana Astri , Sholahuddin Muhammad , Kuswati Rini , Soepatini
Published: December 2022

The development of the internet makes the growth of e-commerce, one of which is Shoppe. In Indonesia, Shopee is an online buying and selling facility that provides various products, including fashion, gadgets, cosmetics, etc.; this study aims to analyze the impact of Electronic Word of Mouth, Celebrity Endorser on purchase intention mediated with Brand image study on the halal cosmetic product in shoppe marketplace. The research technique used is quantitative, data collection uses a questionnaire method, and the sample in this study amounted to 100 people. Analysis in this study was assisted using SmartPLS 3.0. The result is that e-WOM and celebrity endorser have positive and significant effects on Brand Image. In addition,  e-WOM and celebrity endorser have positive and significant effects on purchase intention. While, e-WOM has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention mediated by brand image, Celebrity endorsers have an effect on purchase intention mediated by brand image, and brand image has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention at shopee. This research focuses on products with halal labels in the Shopee marketplace.
A Framing Analysis of Chinese and Western Media Coverage of Anti-Internet Enterprise Monopoly in China
Authors: Liu Yuchengqiu , Ye Xuanran , Zhou Yuyang
Published: December 2022

Since the implementation of the Internet anti-monopoly law, different media in different countries have reported it from different angles. In recent years, both Chinese media and Western media have had different reports and opinions due to their stance, culture and perspective. The objective of the study is to compare the differences and commonalities between Chinese and Western media coverage of anti-internet enterprise monopoly in China based on frame theory. This paper classifies the types of coverage in Chinese and Western media into Human Interest Frame, Economic Consequences Frame and Conflict Frame based on frame theory. The aim of this study is to investigate the differences between Chinese and Western media reporting. The results of the study revealed that the differences are drawn from; differences in media systems and differences in news production.
Cattle Supply Chain Transformation during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Imran Supriyo , Indriani Ria
Published: December 2022

Beef cattle are a source of food for basic human needs, and their fulfillment is a part of the human rights of every Indonesian individual. The amount of beef consumption and production will potentially change along with the increasing number of cases of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the transformation of the beef supply chain during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study was conducted from June to August 2020 in Gorontalo regency. The data analysis used descriptive analysis, marketing margin, and breeder's share. The study showed that there are six distribution channels for cattle and beef cattle in Gorontalo regency, one of which are Channel: Breeder-Collector-Kalimantan Island. During the Covid-19 pandemic, there had been a change in this channel, namely Breeder-Collector - PT. Rizki Mandiri-Social Assistance.  Neither the delivery time nor the quota sent can be precisely predicted. The only weakness is there is no written agreement at the breeders’ level. The information on the price is not well integrated. The number of slaughtered or sold cattle was higher before the pandemic than that during the pandemic. On the other side, the prices for beef cattle and beef have increased during the Covid-19 pandemic. Of all the beef cattle distribution channels, channel 1 has the largest marketing margin value at IDR 5,500,000/head, and the smallest farmer's share is 38.8 percent.
Factors Influencing Teachers’ Job Satisfaction
Authors: Guoba Andrius , Žygaitienė Birutė , Kepalienė Inga
Published: December 2022

Job satisfaction is important both for the qualitative development of activities of an organisation and for the well-being of employees when their work activities also meet the needs that are important to an individual. In today’s education system, the turnover of teachers and their retention in general education institutions pose many challenges; thus, the issue of job satisfaction is becoming increasingly more relevant. Moreover, research on teachers’ job satisfaction is significant not only because of its importance for staff turnover and retention but also because of its impact on students’ learning outcomes. The subject of this research is teachers’ job satisfaction. The aim of the study is to theoretically substantiate the concept of teachers’ job satisfaction and to reveal the factors influencing the job satisfaction of Lithuanian teachers. To achieve the aim of the study, a quantitative research method and a questionnaire survey were chosen. The Job Satisfaction Survey by Paul E. Spector was used to assess teachers’ job satisfaction. The study results revealed that teachers’ job satisfaction is most strongly affected by the nature of their work and communication at work, while teachers are least satisfied with their pay and promotion opportunities.
Language as Evidence in the Judicial Process of Fake News of Ferdinand Hutahaean’s Tweet Viewed from Indonesian Legal Provisions
Authors: MPd Supardi , Tutik Patmiati  , Muhammad Erfan Muktasim Billah  , Suwardi  , Andika Putra Eskanugraha
Published: December 2022

As a means of communication, language plays a vital role in various disciplines. In the legal context, for example, the message conveyed through social media like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and WhatsApp can cause legal problems if it contains things prohibited by law, such as fake news and hate speech. For these facts, this current study focuses on the language of the fake news in Ferdinand Hutahaean (FH) ‘s tweet. With this focus, it explores the answers to such questions as which FH’s statement in his tweet was considered fake news, why FH’s tweet became fake news that led him to undergo a judicial process, and what legal process FH experienced. To answer these questions,  the data constituting words, phrases, or sentences of FH’s statement were collected from the authentic text of FH’s tweet considered fake news. In addition, the collected data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s data analysis model integrated into the thematic analysis recommended by Braun and Clarke. Based on the result of the analysis, it shows that FH was found guilty because his tweet was considered fake news because he violated such Indonesian legal provisions as Article 14, paragraph 1 and paragraph 2 and Article 15 of Law No. 1/1946 about Criminal Law Regulation.
Suggestible Consequences of Militarizing Self-Determination Movements in Nigeria: A Case Study of Yoruba Separatist Movement
Authors: Oluyemi Opeoluwa Adisa
Published: December 2022

Nigeria, as one of the ethnically heterogeneous African states, has been historically confronted with ethnic conflicts and movements for self-determination, which are often followed by the state’s deployment of military armed forces to suppress them. This article uses a deductive thematic analysis of qualitative data obtained from a created Google form, a free online survey link with self-constructed questions to find out the prospect of the Nigerian government deploying military armed forces to suppress the ongoing Yoruba separatist movements as well as suggestible consequences of such militarization. The result unveils a higher prospect of the government militarizing the movement with the outbreak of mass violence as a suggestible outcome. With the theoretical review of the Remedial Theory of self-determination and the exploration of cases of self-determination in post-colonial African states, the article concludes that the possible eruption of mass violence leading to human rights violations and international interventions might result in the dissolution of Nigeria.
The Effect of Team Happy Nut: Leader Self-deprecating Humor and Team Performance
Authors: Mei-Jun Huang
Published: December 2022

Recently, several organizations have used humorous leaders to improve the effectiveness of team operations. Based on the leader-member exchange theory and social interaction theory, this study examines the relationship between leader self-deprecating humor and team performance and investigates the moderating effects of team harmony and team efficacy. The results using three-wave and 369 valid leader-employee dyads (113 team leaders and 369 employees) from 12 companies in Taiwan showed that: (1) leader self-deprecating humor positively affects trust in the leader; (2) trust in the leader positively affects team performance; (3) trust in the leader mediates the relationship between leader self-deprecating humor and team performance; (4) Team harmony moderates the relationship between leader self-deprecating humor and trust in the leader; and (5) Team efficacy moderates the relationship between trust in the leader and team performance. Implications for behavioral researchers and human resource managers are discussed.
Critical Reflection in English Classroom Teaching: A Review of Reflective Teaching in Second Language Classrooms
Authors: Zhang Tingting
Published: December 2022

Reflective teaching is a new teaching concept arising in the new era compared with traditional teaching methods. It requires teachers to change the previous teaching mode of mechanical reproduction to realize reflection on teaching methods, teaching modes, teaching contents, etc. Through reflection, the most efficient teaching methods are chosen to help students complete the acquisition of complex knowledge with concise thinking.
Tüketen Diaspora
Authors: Çopuroglu Özge
Published: December 2022

Removed.
Göçmen Kadınların Ebelik Hizmetlerine Gereksinimi
Authors: Öztürk Yasemin
Published: December 2022

İnsanoğlu tarihin en eski zamanlarından bugüne kadar çeşitli nedenlerden dolayı göçmek zorunda kalmıştır. Bu zorunda olma hali içinde bulunduğumuz yüzyılda da geçerliliğini ne yazık ki korumaktadır. Günümüzde insanlar; savaşlar, açlık, kuraklık, işsizlik, eğitim, hastalıklar, salgınlar, afetler gibi pek çok sebebe bağlı olarak yaşadıkları ortamı terk etmek zorunda kalmaktadırlar. Göçmenler, gerek göç etme sürecinde yaşanılan sancılı dönem içerisinde gerekse de göçtükleri yeni yerleşim yerine adaptasyon dönemlerinde sağlık risklerine ve hastalıklara karşı açık hale gelmektedirler. Göç, cinsiyet ve yaş grubu fark etmeksizin her kesimden insanı etkilemekle birlikte en çok etkilediği popülasyon içerisinde daha hassas ve kırılgan olmalarından dolayı kadınlar, çocuklar ve bebekler yer almaktadır. Göçmen kadınların aile planlaması, gebelik ve doğuma yönelik sağlık hizmetlerine erişimde yaşadığı sorunlar hem onların hem de çocuklarının sağlığını bugünü ve yarını da içine alacak şekilde geniş bir boyutta etkilemektedir.  Prekonsepsiyonel, antepartum, intrapartum ve postpartum dönemlerde göçmen kadınların sağlık hizmetine ulaşmada yaşadıkları engelleri kaldırarak ebelik hizmetlerinin etkin bir şekilde verilmesinin sağlanması, göçmen anne ve yeni doğan morbidite ve mortalite oranlarının azaltılabilmesi ve sağlığın sürdürülebilirliği açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma ile göçmen kadınların ebelik hizmetlerine gereksinimlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Suriyeli Gençlerin Eğitim Sürecinde Kültürleşme Deneyimleri
Authors: Şeker Betül Dilara
Published: December 2022

Göç, günümüzde yaşanan çatışma ve karmaşalar nedeniyle devam etmektedir. Göç süreci, güvenli bir alana yeniden yerleşim ve kaynaklara erişim fırsatları sunmaktadır. Birey açısından bu konular belirsizlikler de taşımaktadır. Mülteciler/geçici sığınmacılar göç sürecini planlamadan ve zorunluluklar nedeniyle aniden hızla verilen kararlarla deneyimlerler. Mülteciler menşe ülkede, göç sürecinde ve yeni yerleşilen ülkede travmatik olaylara maruz kalarak çoklu kayıplar yaşarlar. Bu grup için Yeniden yerleşim, kültürleşme ve uyum süreci zorlu geçmektedir. Genellikle komşu ülkelere yerleşen mülteciler için coğrafik yakınlık nedeniyle kültürel farklılıklar fazla olmasa da sosyal ve kültürel açıdan farklı bir yere yerleşmek, fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal birtakım zorluklar bireylere ek yük getirebilir. Bu süreçte özellikle mülteci çocuklar ve gençler yaygın olarak savunmasız ve bağımlı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Çocuklar ve gençler çalışma, eğitim gibi farklı nedenlerle baskın grupla etkileşim içine girerler. Aynı zamanda gençlik dönemi sosyal kimliğin geliştiği, kişilik oluşumunun dinamik olduğu bir süreçtir. Bu süreçte eğitim mülteci gençlerin uyumu ve psikolojik iyi oluşlarında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Mülteci gençler için eğitim hem yeni kültürle ilgili bilgi edinmelerine kaynaklık eder, hem de yeteneklerini geliştirmelerine aracılık eder. Mevcut politikalarla şekillendirilen eğitim sisteminin sonuçları bireysel olarak psikolojik iyi oluşu ve uyumu doğrudan etkilemektedir. Okullar, mülteci gençlere destek sağlamak için ideal alanlardır. Mülteci gençlerin eğitime katılımları ve okula başarılı uyumları, onların psikolojik iyi oluşlarını olumlu etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle baskın toplumla yaşanan kültürleşme, sosyal kimlik, ayrımcılık, uyum gibi kavramlara odaklanmak önemlidir. Gençlerin eğitim sistemindeki kültürleşme süreci uyumlarını etkilediği için bu kavramlar değerlendirilmiştir.
Çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de yaşayan mülteci gençlerin eğitim sürecinin kültürleşme, sosyal kimlik, kesişimsellik, ayrımcılık ve uyum gibi sosyal psikolojik kavramları bağlamında değerlendirilmesidir. Eğitim süreci mülteci gençler için yeni fırsatlar ve belirsizlikler barındırır. Eğitim fırsatları sadece başarılı bir uyum için değil, aynı zamanda psikolojik iyi oluş içinde bir zemin oluşturmaktadır. Sonuç olarak kültürleşme süreci ve bu süreçte karşılaşılan sorunlara karşı geliştirilen mekanizmaların öğrenilmesinin uzun vadede uyum politikalarının belirlenmesinde alana katkı sağlayacak işlevsel çıktılarının olacağı düşünülmektedir.
1934 Trakya Olaylarını Dönemin Basınından Çerçeveleme Yöntemi ile Yeniden Okumak
Authors: Gocuk Yusuf
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma 1934 Trakya Olaylarının dönemin gazete haberlerine aktarılmasının tarihsel okunması üzerinedir. Ulus-devlet inşası sürecinde Türkleştirme politikalarının bir sonucu olarak tek dilli bir topluma geçiş politikası kapsamında 14 Haziran 1934’te 2510 sayılı İskân Kanunu kabul edilmiştir. Bu Kanun’dan beklenen sonuç, iki farklı bölgede yoğunlaşmış; ancak Türk kültüründen uzak nüfusun, Türklerin sayıca fazla olduğu bölgelere göç etmelerinin sağlanması şeklinde kurgulanmıştır. Türk hükûmeti tarafından bu dönemde güvenlik açığı olarak görülen Trakya ile Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgeleri sınır hatlarında olası tehditleri bertaraf etmek için bu alanların kırılgan nüfus yapısı üzerinde güçlendirme çalışmaları yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Sonuçları itibarıyla çok kısa sürede binlerce insanın mağdur olmasına neden olan olayların hangi saiklerle ve hangi mecraların dahli ile gerçekleştiğinin ortaya konulması çalışmanın amacını ve önemini belirlemektedir. Araştırmada kültürel analiz bağlamında çerçeveleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Dönemin Akşam, Haber, Hakimiyeti Milliye ve Milliyet gazetelerinde meselenin çerçevelenme biçimi, seçilenleri ve öne çıkanları ile önemli olduğu kadar, elenenleri ve geride bırakılanları ile de incelenmeye değerdir. Sahada yaşanılanların abartıldığı iddiasıyla gerçeklerin saklanıldığı, tarihsel hafızadan anlaşmazlığın Osmanlı’ya uzandığı öne çıkmaktadır.
Türkiye’de Göçe İlişkin Algılar: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Turper Alışık Sedef
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada 2005-2022 yılları arasında göç ve göçmenlere ilişkin algıların izlediği seyir çeşitli veri setleri aracılığıyla incelenmiş ve veri örüntüleri tartışılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları, Türkiye’de göçün çalışmaya dahil edilen Avrupa ülkelerine kıyasla daha sıklıkla bir tehdit unsuru olarak algılandığını ve Türkiye oldukça yaygın olan göçe ilişkin olumsuz algıların 2011-2018 yılları arasında daha da yaygınlaştığını ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmada ayrıca, Türkiye’de göçe ilişkin toplumsal algı ve tutumların çok kısa zaman aralıkları içinde belirgin ve kimi zaman olumlu yönde değişim gösterdiğini gözlenmiştir. Bütün olarak değerlendirildiğinde, çalışma bulguları Türkiye’de göç ve göçmenlere ilişkin algıların bağlamsal faktörlerden etkilendiğini göstermekte ve göçe ilişkin algıların gelişimlerinin merhamet yorgunluğu gibi tek yönlü gelişen bir süreçten ziyade daha dinamik ve pek çok etmenin bir araya gelerek yönlendirdiği bir süreç olarak çözümlenmesinin gerekliliğine dikkat çekmektedir.
Mülteci Çocukların Eğitim Sorunları ve Çocuk Hemşireliği Yaklaşımları
Authors: Sarman Abdullah
Published: December 2022

Dünya genelinde 80 milyondan fazla insanın çatışma, şiddet ve baskılar nedeniyle göç etmek zorunda kaldığı belirtilmiştir. Bunların 26 milyonu ise mülteci olarak yaşamlarını sürdürmeye çalışmaktadır. Göç olgusu ve sonrasında yaşanan süreçten belki de en çok etkilenen grup mültecinin yarısından fazlasını oluşturan 18 yaşın altındaki çocuklardır. Evlerinden uzakta belirsizliklerle mücadele eden milyonlarca mülteci, başta eğitim olmak üzere birçok haktan mahrum kalmaktadır. Bu durum yapılan çalışma sonuçlarına da yansımıştır. Mülteci çocukların ancak %68’inin ilkokula ve %34’ünün ortaokula devam ettiğinin belirtilmiş olması, yaşanan eşitsizliğin en net yansımasıdır. Bu konuda mülteci kızların dezavantajlı grubu oluşturduğu ve ortaöğretim düzeyinde eğitim alan kızların sayısının erkeklerin yarısı kadar olduğu belirtilmiştir. Mülteci çocukların eğitim alanında yaşadığı en temel sorunlar yurtlarından uzaklaşmaya bağlı olarak eğitimde sene kaybetmek, sınıflardaki dil engelleri, eğitim materyallerinin uygun olmaması, okuldaki öğretmenler ve diğer öğrenciler tarafından ayrımcılığa maruz kalınmak şeklinde sıralanabilir. Mülteci çocukların eğitime erişimini kolaylaştıran düzenlemelerin oluşturulmasının ve bu konuda yapılacak araştırma sayısının arttırılmasının faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Genç ve Çocuk Göçmenlere Yönelik Spor Temelli Entegrasyon Politikaları: Türkiye
Authors: Ercan Rabia Sultan
Published: December 2022

Zaman ve mekân algılarının dinamizminin arttığı çağımızda yaşanılanlar, bireyleri ya da grupları fiziksel ve sosyal olarak sürükleme yetisine sahip olduğundan göç sürecini körüklemektedir. Savaş, siyasi nedenler, eğitim, doğal afetler gibi nedenlerle göç eden nüfusun büyük oranda genç ve çocuklardan oluştuğu göçmen nüfus verilerinde göze çarpmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, genç ve çocuk göçmenlerin toplumsal kabulü ve aidiyet geliştirmesi toplumdaki huzur ve güven ortamını, bir arada yaşama kültürünün oluşmasını ve göçmenlerin toplumda işlevsel bireyler olmalarını sağlaması bakımından önem arz etmektedir. Gençler ve çocukların spor faaliyetlerinde sosyal etkileşimin arttığı ve daha aktif olduğu düşünüldüğünde onlara yönelik uyum çalışmalarının bu yönde geliştirilmesinin etkili bir politika olacağı düşünülmektedir. Nitekim araştırmada genç ve çocuk göçmenlere yönelik spora dayalı politikalar yoluyla entegrasyonu üzerinde durulmaktadır. Genç ve çocuk göçmenlerin uyumuna ilişkin yapılan spora dayalı entegrasyon çalışmalarının; göçmenlere verdiği psikolojik ve sosyal destek, göçmenlere yönelik damgalayıcı söylemi indirgemedeki yeri, toplumsal bütünlüğü sağlamadaki rolü ve ulus-devlet ideolojisinin toplumsal düzendeki dönüşümü araştırmanın odak sorgu noktalarıdır.
Türkiye’ye Yönelik Afgan Göçü ve Uygulanan Politikalar
Authors: Çallı Kaplan Melike
Published: December 2022

Uluslararası göç, tarih boyunca devam eden dinamik bir süreçtir. Göçmenler, göç süreci gerçekleşirken ülkelere giriş çıkışta izledikleri yola göre düzenli ve düzensiz göçmenler olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır. Düzensiz göçmenlerin uğrak yeri haline gelen Türkiye’de özellikle Afgan düzensiz göçmen sayısındaki artış dikkat çekmektedir. Afganistan, ekonomik, sosyal, demografik ve politik açıdan istikrarlı bir yapıya sahip değildir. Dolayısıyla ülkede uzun yıllardır ve süreklilik arz eden göç olgusu oluşmaktadır. Afganistan; iç mücadelelerden kaynaklanan savaşlar, terör örgütlerinin yıkımı ve büyük güçlerin işgalleri gibi nedenlerle oluşan çatışma ve karışıklıklardan dolayı tarihin her döneminde göç veren ülke konumundadır. Afganların oluşturduğu göç hareketlerinden etkilenen Türkiye, çeşitli tedbirler almak zorunda kalmıştır. Literatür taraması yapılarak oluşturulan bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin giderek artan Afgan düzensiz göçmenlere yönelik uyguladığı göç politikaları ve Afgan göçmenlerin yaşadığı sorunlar ile gelecekteki etkileri üzerinde durulmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonucunda Afgan göçmenlere yönelik düzenlemelerin tekrar gözden geçirilmesi gerektiği, düzensiz göç ile mücadele de Türkiye ile Afganistan arasında geri kabul anlaşmasının imzalamasının yerinde olacağı ortaya konulmaktadır.
Türk Medyasında Yer Alan Göçmenler ve Suç Temalı Haberlere İlişkin Bir İnceleme
Authors: Uslu Engin , Aksu Kargın İnci
Published: December 2022

Göçmenlerin medyada nasıl temsil edildiği, ev sahibi ülke halkının göçmenlere yönelik görüş ve davranışlarını etkilemesi açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu akademik çalışma, Nisan 2011 tarihinden Mart 2021 tarihine kadarki 10 yıllık zaman zarfında Sabah, Habertürk ve Sözcü gazetelerinin dijital platformlarında yayınlanan göçmen ve suç temalı haber içeriklerini incelemiş ve göçmenlerin işlediği hangi suçların haberlere yansıdığı, suç temalı haberlerin yıllara göre dağılımı ve göçmen grupların hangi tür suçlara ilişkin haberlerde daha çok fail hangi tür suçlara ilişkin haberlerde ise mağdur oldukları ortaya koyulmuştur. Gazetede göçmenler ve suç temalı toplam 2737 haber tespit edilmiştir. Haberlerin 1516 tanesinde kaçak geçiş, 473 tanesinde göçmen kaçakçılığı, 259 tanesinde terörizm, 219 tanesinde fuhuşa zorlama ve 206 tanesinde de cinayet suçu yer almıştır. 2011 yılında yayınlanan suç haberlerinin sayısının beş yıl içerisinde yaklaşık 14,2 katına, 10 yılda ise yaklaşık 35,1 katına ulaştığı görülmüştür. Haberlerin 2182 tanesinin Suriyeli mültecilerin ve diğer göçmenlerin doğrudan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne karşı, 179 tanesinin Suriyeli mülteciler ve diğer göçmen grupların Türk vatandaşlara karşı, 399 tanesinin de Türk vatandaşların Suriyeli mültecilere ve diğer göçmenlere karşı işlediği suçlarla ilişkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu bulgular Adalet Bakanlığı’nın yabancı uyruklulara ilişkin suç verileriyle karşılaştırılarak tartışılmıştır.
Dış Politika ve Göç: Göç Olgusu ve Dış Politikaya Etkileri
Authors: Tuna Fatih
Published: December 2022

Göç, dinamik bir yapıya sahip olmakla birlikte çeşitli girdileri olan karmaşık sosyal bir olgudur. Mekân ve zamanın belirleyici unsur olduğu göç olgusunda, ekonomi, kültürel, sosyal ve siyasi nedenler göçün temel girdileri içerisinde yer alır. Bunun yanı sıra son yıllarda ortaya çıkan büyük ölçekli uluslararası göçler, dış politikanın oluşturulmasıyla yakından ilişkili olmaya başlamıştır. Göçlerin doğasının değişmeye başlaması ve artan sayılar, devletlerin göç olgusunu kriz olarak değerlendirmeye başlamasına neden oldu. Bu yüzden dış politikaların uluslararası göç eğilimleri üzerinde dramatik etkileri ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. Ayrıca, kitlesel göçler bazen bir dış politika aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Göç ve göçe bağlı problemlerin ortadan kaldırılması ya da belli bir hukuki düzen içinde ele alınması konusunda batılı devletlerin çalışmaları, ikinci dünya savaşı sonrasında ortaya çıkmaktadır. 1948 tarihinde imzalanan İnsan Hakları Evrensel Beyannamesi’nin 14. maddesinde belirtilen “herkesin zulüm altında başka ülkelere sığınma ve sığınma olanaklarından yararlanma hakkı vardır” ifadesi, bu andan sonra dünyanın karşılaşacağı mülteci problemlerindeki çalışmalarda dayanacağı temel unsur olacaktır. Devletlerin uluslararası göç olaylarına karşı II. Dünya Savaşından sonra aktif dış politika izlemesi, göç olgusunu küresel bir olgu haline getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada göç ile dış politika arasındaki ilişki ele alınarak, küresel sorun haline gelen göçlerin ülkeler açısından dış politika aracı olarak nasıl değerlendirildiği üzerinde durulmuştur.
Göç Dergisi Mülteciler Günü Özel Sayısı
Authors: Yetkin Aker Deniz
Published: December 2022

Türkiye, coğrafi konumu sebebiyle, tarih boyunca göç hareketleriyle karşı karşıya kalmış bir ülkedir. Son yıllarda artan göç ve özellikle de 2011 sonrası, Suriye’den gelen göçle beraber, gerek göçmen sayısı gerekse göç üzerine yürütülen çalışmaların sayısı hızla artmıştır. Birleşmiş Milletler Genel Kurulu’nun göç ve sığınma hareketleri konusunda farkındalığın artmasını amaçlayarak 2001 tarihinden itibaren 20 Haziran’ı Dünya Mülteciler Günü olarak benimsemiştir. Türkiye de, bu karar çerçevesinde, mültecilerin hakları konusunda farkındalık oluşturmak amacıyla 20 Haziran’da Dünya Mülteciler Günü’nü çeşitli etkinliklerle kutlamaktadır.
Unemployment Insurance for Labour Migrants according to the European Court of Justice
Authors: Yuvalı Ertuğrul , Kantarcı Nihan Gizem
Published: December 2022

In the study, the decisions of the European Court of Justice regarding the unemployment insurance of migrant workers were examined. In decisions; It has been stated that migrating to benefit from unemployment insurance cannot be interpreted against the worker. It has been stated that immigrating from the country of citizenship to another country and residing there will not prevent him from receiving unemployment benefits. A migrant worker must be insured for a certain period of time to benefit from unemployment insurance. Each country regulates this period of employment with its own domestic laws. The length of service in different member states of the European Union, excluding the domestic law rules in the countries of employment, by the Court of Justice, It has been determined that it has been interpreted that it can be combined to benefit from unemployment insurance.
Determination of pre-harvest interval for fenvalerate and acephate in tomato and yard long bean using Gas Chromatography
Authors: Ahmed Md Sultan , Prodhan Mohammad Dalower Hossain , Begum Afroza , Afroze Marina , Dutta Nirmal Kumar , Emtia Chandrima , Sarker Debasish
Published: December 2022

The study was carried out to detect and quantify the left over residue of fenvalerate and acephate in tomato and yard long bean using Gas Chromatography coupled with Flame Thermionic Detector. Four supervised field trials were undertaken sprayed with the prescribed dose of fenvalerate at the rate of 1mL/L of water and acephate at the rate of 2g/L of water. The samples of tomato and yard long bean were collected at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 days after spray (DAS). The residue of acephate was detected up to 11 DAS in tomato and 14 DAS in yard long bean and all of the detected quantities were above Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) set by European Union. No residue was detected at 12 DAS in tomato and 15 DAS in yard long bean. The residue of fenvalerate was detected up to 12 DAS in tomato and 13 DAS in yard long bean, of which the quantities of residue of fenvalerate was above EU-MRL at 9 DAS in tomato and 11 DAS in yard long bean. Fenvalerate contained 0.076-0.008 mg/kg residue in tomato and 0.049-0.021 mg/kg residue in yard long bean which were below EU-MRL at 10 to 12 DAS in tomato and 12 to 13 in yard long bean which were below EU-MRL. No residue was detected at 13 DAS in tomato and 14 DAS in yard long bean. So, in case of acephate the pre-harvest interval (PHI) was determined at 12 DAS in tomato and 15 DAS in yard long bean and for fenvalerate it was 10 DAS in tomato and 12 DAS in yard long bean.
Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2022, 6 (2), 73-80
Effects of nitrogen fertilization on crops and their associated insect communities: a global food security perspective
Authors: Rahman Khondoker Md Zulfiker
Published: December 2022

Nitrogen (N) fertilization reduces worldwide food insecurity by boosting crop yield and stability. N is one of the most essential macromolecules required for the growth and reproduction of plants. It occurs in diverse chemical forms and circulates in natural and agricultural ecosystems. It is a constituent of chlorophyll, hence is required for the photosynthesis of plants. Plants receive N through their roots in the form of ammonia or nitrate. Nutritional quality and defense of plants that have a direct impact on herbivorous insects are altered by N fertilization and herbivorous insects can differentiate between plants that receive different applications of N fertilizer. Increasing N fertilization has a variable impact on plant species composition, plant growth, plant biomass, and yields. Plant tissue N and protein contents are also affected by nitrogen fertilization. Moreover, nitrogen fertilization affects many aspects of insects such as population dynamics, larval count, larval weight, feeding choice, and oviposition preference. Furthermore, predatory insect abundance, parasitization performance, and development of parasitoids on host insects are negatively affected by N fertilization. Other important effects of N fertilization are the hemolymph protein profile of herbivores, emission of VOCs, phytohormone biosynthesis, and direct and indirect defense of plants. The aim of this literature research is to demonstrate the effects of variable doses of N fertilization on the crop-herbivore-natural enemy tri-trophic systems. The information gathered in this review might help researchers understand the impact of optimal and excessive N fertilization on crop production and food security.
Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2022, 6 (2), 48-56
Multiple pesticide residue determination in major vegetables purchased from Gazipur district of Bangladesh
Authors: Tasnim Nuzat , Millat Md Nasrul , Sultana Sadia , Rahman S M Mizanur , Prodhan Mohammad Dalower Hossain
Published: December 2022

The present study was initiated to detect and quantify pesticide residues in three selected major vegetables (hyacinth bean, cauliflower and yard long bean) collected from 5 local markets of Gazipur district of Bangladesh. The vegetable samples were prepared by Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) extraction technique and analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) equipped with Flame Thermionic Detector (FTD). In this study, 45 vegetable samples were analyzed. Out of 15 samples of hyacinth bean, 2 samples (13% of the total samples) contained pesticide residues above MRL and the remaining samples did not contain any detectable pesticide residues. In the instance of cauliflower, 2 samples (13% of the total number of samples) contained pesticide residues above MRL, while the remaining samples had no detectable pesticide residues. Pesticide residues with levels exceeding MRL were found and measured in 3 samples (20% of the total number of samples) from 15 yard long bean samples. From remnant samples, no pesticide residue was detected. This study depicts the overall scenario of pesticide contamination in vegetables specially in hyacinth bean, cauliflower and yard long bean available in the local markets of Gazipur city, Bangladesh. As a result, it is important to intensify routine pesticide residue monitoring in commercially cultivated vegetables.
Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2022, 6 (2), 57-64
Development of analytical method for pesticide residue determination using LC-MS/MS
Authors: Prodhan Mohammad Dalower Hossain , Begum Afroza , Afroze Marina , Ahmed Md. Sultan , Dutta Nirmal Kumar , Sarker Debasish
Published: December 2022

This study was initiated to develop an accurate analytical method for the determination of neonicotinoid and organophosphorus insecticide using Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Several experiments were conducted to select the parent ion and precusor ion and based on this outcome, the analytical method for the determination of thiamethoxam and dimethoate using LC-MS/MS was developed. The heated electrospray ionization (HESI) mode was used to develop the method.  The linearity of the developed analytical method was very good and it was 0.998 for both of the selected pesticides. The optimization of MS/MS parameters has been done properly for both of the selected pesticides through direct infusion of 100 ug/L standard solutions.
Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2022, 6 (2), 65-72
Occurrence of Urolithiasis and Its Surgical Management in Goats
Authors: Ahamed B , Saha M , Alam MR , Alam MM
Published: December 2022

The objective of the study was to determine the occurrence and find a suitable surgical method of urolithiasis in goat. To achieve this objective, a retrospective study was conducted to observe the occurrence of urolithiasis in goats at Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Bangladesh Agricultural University in Bangladesh from 2011 to 2020. During this period, 265 cases of urinary obstruction were recorded out of 3237 surgical cases, where 169 cases were in goats. The highest cases of urolithiasis in goat were recorded in the summer season (76 cases 45%), followed by in the winter season (59 cases, 35%) and in the rainy season (34 cases, 20%). Among the affected goats, 42 (25%) patients were between 0 to 3 months old, (88, 52%) patients were between 3 to 8 months old and (39, 23%) patients were over 8 months old. Gender variation was seen where males were mostly affected. Goats castrated at an early age were more affected. From January 2011 to June 2020, 36 goats were treated by the procedure of tube cystostomy. Among them, 28 (78%) goats recovered successfully but 8 (22%) goats did not recover due to farmer’s improper management. This study should be helpul for the veterinarian to aware about the occurrence of urolithiasis, and proper surgical management through the tube cystostomy to save economic losses of the goat farmers.
Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2021) 25 (2) : 1-12
Growth and breeding performance of broodfish and larval growth of Heteropneustes fossilis with feeds
Authors: Sinha AC , Salam MA , Mazumder SK , Alam MS , Rahman ML
Published: December 2022

A 63-day long indoor experiment was carried out to determine the effects of four different diets of: live tubificid worms (T1), live tubificid worms with formulated feed (T2), shrimp with formulated feed (T3) and formulated feed (T4) on brood development and larval growth of Heteropneustes fossilis. Broodfish were fed twice a day with experimental diets. Reproductive performance of H. fossilis was evaluated based on growth parameters and fry production of broodstock. The result showed that while the highest (16.37 ± 0.90g) and the lowest (7.03 ± 0.85g) weight gain was obtained in T2 and T4 respectively, however, there was no significant difference between treatments T1 and T3. The FCR of T2 was found to be the lowest followed by T3, T1 and T4, respectively. The highest fecundity was found in T2 (4245.48 ± 347.38) followed by T3 (3747.10 ± 317.99), T1 (3583.96 ± 327.27) and T4 (3191.95 ± 444.55). The rate of hatching and their survival was significantly higher in T2 followed by T3, whereas T1 and T4 showed significantly lower hatching and survival rate. After 28 days of rearing, larvae obtained from T2 treatment showed the highest growth performance compared to other treatments. The findings of the current research suggested that live feed (tubificid worms) supplemented with formulated feed may enhance the breeding performance and larval growth of H. fossilis and could be considered an affordable option for small-scale hatcheries.
Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2021) 25 (2) : 13-25
Evaluation of Onion Cultivars for Response to Purple Blotch Complex (Alternaria Porri, Stemphylium Vesicarium) And Yield Performance
Authors: Ara MR , Masud MMH , Akter K , Islam MR
Published: December 2022

Onion (Allium cepa) is one of the most important spices in Bangladesh. It suffers from various diseases from seedbed to field. Purple blotch (Alternaria porri) and white blotch (Stemphylium vesicarium) simultaneously attack the crop, causing a purple blotch complex. To assess locally available onion cultivars for response to purple blotch complex and yield performance, a three-year experiment was conducted in the net house and research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, during the winter of 2010-11, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013. Fourteen onion cultivars, namely BARI Piaz-1, BARI Piaz-2, BARI Piaz-3, BARI Piaz-4, BARI Piaz-5, Taherpuri, Indian hybrid, Lal Teer onion seed, Masud onion seed, Thakurgoan local, Faridpur local, Manikgong local, Indian big and Indian small were used in the experiment. Among the evaluated cultivars, BARI Piaz-3 showed the lowest disease incidence and severity and the maximum bulb yield, followed by BARI Piaz-2 and Indian big. The disease incidence, severity, and yield for BARI Piaz-3 were 54.45-36.33%, 5.75-12.01%, and 10.97-13.89 t/ha, while the corresponding values for BARI Piaz-2 were 41.49, 44.01, and 7.28-10.79 t/ha, respectively. In contrast, Indian big had disease incidence, severity, and yield values of 36.52-58.79%, 15.43-22.96%, and 8.41-10.60 t/ha, respectively. Therefore, the cultivar BARI Piaz -3 and 2 may be recommended for extension of cultivation.Ann.
Bangladesh Agric. (2021) 25 (2) : 37-46
Ichthyofauna of the Katamadari River, Bangladesh: Composition, Conservation Status and Threats
Authors: Sultana MA , Tasnim N , Hussain MA , Pandit D , Talukdar A , Mazumder SK
Published: December 2022

This research was carried out in the Katamadari River, which is located in the northern part of Bangladesh, to acquire information regarding the contemporary status of ichthyofaunal variation and their conservation. Over the course of a year from June 2020 to May 2021, a combined approach was adopted to collect data, which included collecting fish samples from fishers and fish traders as well as administering a survey. A total of 62 fish species were identified in the river, including three exotic species, and two prawn species. Out of ten observed orders, Cypriniformes, Siluriformes, and Perciformes were found to be the most dominant, consisting of 19, 16, and 14 fish species respectively. Fishes from Cyprinidae family were revealed to be the most abundant, accounting for about 27.5% of the total fish composition. Besides, among the thirteen common fish groups, catfish’s contribution was the highest followed by perches, carps, and barbs and minnows. However, almost a quarter of all fish species were under threatened category: seven vulnerable, eight endangered, and two critically endangered. Approximately 50% of the total fish species were examined to be rare and very rare. The current study also documented a range of anthropogenic as well as natural threats to the aquatic biodiversity of the river, all of which have devastating impacts.
Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2021) 25 (2) : 47-60