bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of discard of blood components and strategies for optimal and safe transfusion practices at a tertiary care hospital blood bank
Authors: Bhardwaj Prashant , Kumari Manjari , Singhal Esha , Kumar Sameer
Published: April 2022

Blood transfusion service is lifeline of health care system. Blood is a valuable resource so it should be utilized judiciously with minimal wastage. Seropositive donors not only construct some threat of Transfusion-transmissible infections (TTI) such as HIV, HBV and HCV in blood recipient, they also increase the discard in blood bank. This study was conducted to determine discard rate of different blood components, identifying different causes of discarding the blood and its components and to hit upon different approaches to optimize the use of blood. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the blood bank of tertiary care hospital from September 2015 to October 2021. All collected Blood units were screened for five infections - HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis and Malaria and blood units were discarded as per NACO guideline. During study period a total of 8695 donors were donated the blood and screened for TTIs. From all donations, 201(2.31%) were females donors and 8494(97.69%) were males donors. A total 172 seropositive donors were identified among 8695 donors with an overall seroprevalence of 1.98%.
Study of pulmonary function tests and muscle strength in sportsmen of tribal region of Gujarat
Authors: Wagh Purushottam , Kumar K Vijay , Buge Kiran Haribhau , Kumar Sanjay
Published: April 2022

Introduction -Regular exercise has a direct association with pulmonary function measures. When compared to non-exercising persons, athletes have greater lung capacity as a result of frequent exercise. Muscle strength is defined as the maximum force created during a maximal voluntary contraction under a certain set of circumstances. The researchers wanted to see if there was a difference in pulmonary function tests [Vital Capacity (VC), Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1), and Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV)] and handgrip muscular strength between athletes and sedentary controls. Material and Methods – The study included 100 volunteers between the ages of 18 and 25, 50 of whom were athletes who had participated in sports such as cricket, badminton, football, volleyball, and others for at least 3-5 years, and 50 of whom were sedentary control subjects. Pulmonary function tests (VC, FEV1, and MVV) and handgrip muscle strength were performed on both groups. Sportsmen and control group comparison was analyzed by applying an unpaired “t” test. Significant P-value was less than 0.05 (P < 0.05). In our study, it was observed that pulmonary function tests (VC, FEV1, and MVV) and handgrip muscle strength were significantly higher in sportsmen as compared to the control group.
Longevity and failure mode of posterior ceramic crowns and fixed partial denture
Authors: Aldowah Omir
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this review is to analyse the longevity of posterior all-ceramic crowns and fixed partial dentures; in addition to determine the failure mode. It seeks to assess the risk factors that should be considered with posterior all-ceramic restorations. The review of literature revealed an acceptable longevity for posterior all-ceramic restorations in a 5-year follow up period. This accompanies their aesthetic outcome especially with improving of mechanical properties of glass ceramic by adding reinforcement crystalline phases or using core. The loss of vitality and secondary caries were the common biological complications while ceramic fracture and chipping were the most frequent mechanical complications. Also, the para-functional activity and using implant as an abutment increase the risk of failure especially on posterior teeth.
influence of fixed orthodontic retainer on oral microbiota
Authors: Al-Ali Dhuha A. , Groosh D. Al
Published: April 2022

Background: The oral cavity is a wide versatile microbial community in which many microbial species coexist in harmony. However, with certain circumstances, i.e. orthodontic appliances, pathogenic biofilm outgrowth occurs. The aim: The aim of this study was to compare opportunistic pathogens, associated with dental caries and periodontal disease in addition to Candida albicans, between healthy individuals and patient wearing fixed orthodontic retainers. Method: Fourty eight subjects were recruited andwere divided into retainer wearers and control cohort groups. Biofilm samples from the lingual surface of the mandibular anterior teeth of the control group and the fixed retainer surface were evaluated to detect Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Aggrigatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum and C. albicans. Additionally, plaque (PI) and gingival (GI) indices were measured at the mandibular anterior teeth in both groups. The results: The results showed  a significant increase in total micobial count in retainer group (p<0.001). The prevalence of microbial cultivity was higher in retainer group with a significant increase in PI and GI. Moreover, there was a high correlation between these genera and the GI. The conclusion: fixed retainer may increase cariogenic and periodontal pathogens and compromise oral health.
relationship between psychological birth order, social anxiety and childhood trauma
Authors: Güler Kahraman , Hazer Pelin
Published: April 2022

The research was carried out to examine the relationship between psychological birth order, social anxiety and childhood traumas of adult participants. Childhood Trauma Scale, Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, White-Campbell Psychological Birth Order Inventory and demographic information form prepared by the researchers were applied to a total of 456 participants, 270 women and 186 men, aged 18-45 years. The sub-dimensions of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale are fear/anxiety and avoidance.The sub-dimensions of the Childhood Trauma Scale are emotional abuse, physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect and sexual abuse. According to the findings; It was determined that there was a moderate positive and significant relationship between childhood traumas and psychological birth order in middle children.It was determined that there was a moderate and negative relationship between sexual abuse and the Persuasive and Charmer youngest children of male gender. Based on the Social Anxiety Scale, it was determined that the middle children of female gender who were physically neglected and abused avoid social anxiety. It was concluded that the middle and the only children of male gender who were physically and emotionally neglected had social anxiety.
Multi agent Markov games
Authors: Vimala K. , Bharathi S.
Published: April 2022

Modern computing systems are totally different from one that worked in the last decade. They are distributed, large and heterogeneous in structure. In the age of IOT, computers, information processing devices and humans are very tightly connected with each other to the support a combined effort. In the sense of decision processes, it would be preferable to handle their entities more as agents than stand – alone systems.
The influence of principal's leadership style, teacher professionalism, teacher's academic self-concept, teacher's work motivation, teacher's work spirit on the quality of hindu religious education learning management and character
Authors: Wiriawan I Ketut , Yadnyawati Ida Ayu Gde , Suwardani Ni Putu
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the magnitude of the direct and indirect effect of Principal Leadership Style, Teacher Professionalism, Teacher Academic Self-Concept, Teacher Work Motivation, Teacher Work Spirit on the Quality of Learning Management of Hindu Religion and Character Education at the High School Level in Karangasem Regency. The population of this research is all teachers of Hinduism and good manners who teach at the high school level in Karangasem Regency, amounting to 46 people. This study used an ex-post facto design. The data obtained were analyzed by path analysis involving regression analysis and coefficient analysis on the regression path. The results showed that: (The principal's leadership style has a direct influence on the teacher's Academic Self-Concept by 33%, the principal's leadership style has a direct influence on the Teacher's Work Motivation by 18%, the principal's leadership style has a direct influence on the Teacher's Work Spirit by 15 ,4%, the principal's leadership style has an influence on the quality of learning management by the teacher by 3%, teacher professionalism has a direct influence on the teacher's academic self-concept by 31%, teacher professionalism has a direct influence on teacher work motivation by 64.0%.
Accountability of Riau province government in handling violence for women and children
Authors: Tariq Kamal M. , Munaf Yusri , Yuza Ahmad Fitra , Febrian Ranggi Ade , Prayuda Rendi
Published: April 2022

The problem of violence against women and children has become a global problem at the national and international levels. Due to the increasing number of cases of violence against women and children, the government is required to improve services for victims of violence against women and children. To improve these services, the central government through the ministry of women's and children's protection issued the Minister of Women's and Children's Empowerment Regulation Number 4 of 2018 concerning the establishment of UPTD for the Protection of Women and Children in the regions. Gaps, including: lack of budget, coordination between stakeholders involved, infrastructure, and human resources involved, so that performance still requires improvement in facing challenges for future improvements. By using descriptive qualitative research, the researcher describes Accountability in handling victims of violence for women and children. In addition, it also describes some of the main obstacles faced by this institution, including budget problems, facilities, personnel, victim disclosure, and community support.
Capacity of community government in convergence stunting prevention in Sinaboi countries Sinaboika district, Rokan Hilir district
Authors: Iryani Rika Yulia , Maulidiah Sri , Rahman Khairul , Prihatin Panca Setyo , Febrian Ranggi Ade
Published: April 2022

Prevention of stunting is the main agenda of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. Where Vice the President who coordinates efforts to accelerate stunting prevention that converges on planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation from the central government level, district / city governments to the village government. As one of the national priorities, it is hoped that the provincial government can develop programs that are relevant to prevention efforts to reduce stunting rates. Causes of stunting due to the health status of children and stunting are at a higher risk of suffering from chronic diseases. In the implementation of convergence, it is obtained that it will have an impact on influencing the development of the child's brain so that the level of intelligence of the child is not optimal where this has the risk of reducing child productivity and low nutritional intake for children. Convergence activities get a share of the budget as regulated in Village Government Regulation No. 11 of 2019 concerning Priority for the Use of Village Funds in 2020. With the support of the village fund, stunting prevention convergence is prioritized to accelerate stunting prevention in the head office. This study uses a qualitative research method.
Više od ozdravljenja
Authors: Kljajić Stipo
Published: April 2022

Budući da je prvotna nakana ovog rada pokušaj rasvjetljavanja uzročno‑posljedičnog odnosa grijeha i bolesti u Bibliji, nakon uvodnih misli panoramski se izlaže starozavjetno uzročno‑posljedično poimanje grijeha i bolesti, pri čemu se posebna pozornost posvećuje onim mjestima i primjerima koji, nasuprot dominantnoj uzročno‑posljedičnoj paradigmi, korigiraju takvo poimanje, dovodeći ga u pojedinim slučajevima sasvim u pitanje. U drugom poglavlju, koje predstavlja centralni dio rada, autor se posvećuje novozavjetnom, odnosno Isusovu poimanju odnosa grijeha i bolesti. Nastoji, dakle, prikazati koga, kako i zašto Isus ozdravlja, ponekad pritom opraštajući grijehe, te nadasve u čemu bi se sastojao smisao Isusovih ozdravljenja, koja su u mnogim slučajevima zapravo iscjeljenja, odnosno kudikamo više od ozdravljenja. Potom se još detaljnije predstavlja Isusov stav o neispravnosti uzročno‑posljedičnog odnosa grijeha i bolesti preko primjera ozdravljenja slijepca od rođenja (usp. Iv 9) te se, na koncu, ukratko opisuju ozdravljenja u drugim novozavjetnim spisima. U Zaključku se sumiraju temeljne postavke rada i nastoje dati smjernice za daljnje tematiziranje ove, prema autoru, aktualne i važne biblijske, odnosno teološke teme.
Dobrobit svećenika u vrijeme pandemije bolesti COVID -19
Authors: Bošnjaković Josip , Isacco Anthony , Pecoraro Anna , Kwiatek Piotr , Formella Zbigniew
Published: April 2022

Svećenici su se također
za vrijeme pandemije bolesti COVID‑19 suočili s novim načinom
življenja vlastitog poslanja i poziva, tim više što
je svećeničko
poslanje usmjereno najčešće na živi
kontakt s ljudima. Uzeli smo u obzir odnos svećenika prema drugima, prema sebi i prema Bogu. U istraživanju, koje je provedeno od kraja studenoga do
polovice prosinca 2020. godine, sudjelovalo je 312 svećenika, redovnika i dijecezanskih svećenika, koji žive
i rade u Hrvatskoj, Bosni i Hercegovini, Srbiji te jedan manji dio u ostalim državama.
Za potrebe istraživanja korišteni
su upitnici, prevedeni prema novim standardima prevođenja, kojima se ispitivalo psihološko blagostanje svećenika,
suosjećanje i samo‑suosjećanje te je prigodni upitnik pripremljen za potrebe ovog
istraživanja koji je u fokusu imao pastoralni život svećenika
za vrijeme pandemije bolesti COVID‑19.
Veći broj svećenika,
to jest 77 %, izjavio je kako su u doba pandemije odvojili više vremena za molitvu nego uobičajeno, što
je ujedno i povezano s većim
osobnim rastom i pozitivnim odnosima s drugima. Materijalne poteškoće
imali su svećenici koji žive
i djeluju u župama manjim od 3000 stanovnika. Ističe se kako nema značajnijih
razlika u psihološkoj
dobrobiti (psychological well‑being) između dijecezanskih svećenika
i redovnika kao ni između
svećenika koji žive
sami ili u zajednici s drugim svećenicima.
Primijetili smo značajne
razlike u brizi o sebi kod svećenika
koji su na službi duže
od dvadeset godina života,
gdje upravo oni pokazuju višu
razinu brige o sebi. Na koncu, značajnim
se pokazalo da oni svećenici
koji su više suosjećajni
prema samima sebi, imaju i višu
razinu psihološke dobrobiti.
Moral Interiority in the Context of Dominance of the Technical and Other Positive Sciences
Authors: Milikić Tadija
Published: April 2022

In this paper, the author
seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the reality of the human personal moral
interiority from the perspective
of the Belgian moral theologian, Servais Pinckaers. It is understood in the context of the present-day dominant
scientific view of the world in
which the categories of technical and other positive sciences, through their
dominance, bring into question the human form of
existence and activity. Following introductory thoughts on the importance,
value, and necessity of interdisciplinary collaboration, we are given an insight into the basic features of human
life, which are twofold, depending
on whether the same features are underpinned in the moral inferiority of the human person or merely
stem from the technical and a positive view of the world.
Emotional
Bonds in the Polish Family during the Social and Political Transformation in
Poland according to Empirical Research
Authors: Osewska Elżbieta
Published: April 2022

Family relationships have been
becoming increasingly important in
Polish, contemporary society especially after the socio-political
transformation in Poland. Before that time, family studies were strongly
influenced by the socialist system and propaganda. Currently, family
relationships are also diverse in structure and in functions. In reply to the
widely debated »family
crisis« hypothesis, the author of this article suggests that family relations will be more
important in the 21st century, because there is a positive
association between the experience of strong emotional bonds in the family and
the strength of family relationship. Consequently, supporting emotional family ties means also supporting
the growth of healthy relationships in
the society. Therefore, the aim of this article is to present the bonds between members of the Polish family at the end of the 20th, and at the beginning of the 21st
centuries on the basis of the results of surveys conducted by CBOS (Public Opinion Research Centre in Poland).
Rawls' Theory of Justice as Fairness
Authors: Jamnik Anton
Published: April 2022

John Rawls is one of the greatest philosophers in the field of moral theory and a representative of moderate liberalism. The main idea behind his work A Theory of Justice, published in 1971, is justice as fairness, or rather establishing a society in which social security of each individual would be guaranteed, with special emphasis on the care of those who are less privileged (social principle). In forming his moral theory he leans on Kant a great deal, on the tradition of the social contract, and he places the deontological moral against the utilitarian (teleological) one. The fact that in his theory he included a number of virtues typical of the Judeo-Christian tradition – fairness in choosing the principles of a just society, dignity of every human, the original position which means an ideal position (the Garden of Eden), the social principle (poor Lazarus), emphasizing mutual agreement (Babylon or Pentecost) – has encouraged a lively discussion among theologians. The absence of metaphysics, the fact, that these virtues are present in Rawls’ liberal theory in their secularised form, points to a certain ambiguity or even contradiction: on the one hand, it means a certain search within the liberalism itself (in a way scared of itself), while on the other hand liberalism with its method and starting points denies the possibility of recognizing certain virtues and their arguments.
Guardini, Plato and Nearness of Dying
Authors: Matos Bruno , Šimunec Davor
Published: April 2022

The authors of the article have tried to present the experience of the closeness of death in Guardini’s interpretation of Plato’s dialogues between Socrates and his devoted disciples who could not accept the decision of their master and friend. Guardini’s interpretations were written as a philosophical analysis of the state of Socrates' mind, it is not a psychological analysis of his emotions or emotional states. Guardini wishes to reveal how Socrates faces the mystery of death as a philosopher. The authors focused on the dialogues between Socrates and his disciples and how Plato as his disciple and chronicler describes his conflict with oneself and the mentality of his followers on the mythological, political and philosophical meaning of death. In line with this topic, the article is divided into four sections. The first introduces the reader to the philosophical and religious meaning of death, and the second with disclosure of myths in dialogues, Euthyphro, judges, and Crito. In the third section, the authors outline why the dialogue with Phaedo is the most important of the dialogues on the issue of death. The fourth part of the article reveals the reasons why this interpretation is crucial for the later development of Guardini’s philosophical opus.
Forming the New Evangelist – Ardor from Beauty, Method in Goodness, Sanctity as Truthful Expression
Authors: Punda Edvard , Kovačević Danko
Published: April 2022

John Paul II has put the newness of evangelization into proportion with qualities of ardor, method, and expression. Evangelization as a witness of encountering the risen Lord requires growth in quality and removal of obstacles for the encounter of Christ, the prime-evangelist, with every human person, resulting in the transformation of humanity within, into a new being. This love of Christ encounters man through its own transcendental properties by overriding man’s inattentiveness, ignorance, and adversity, with all gentleness and respect, within an interpersonal »I -Thou« dialogue. The methodological order by which Hans Urs von Balthasar realigns the transcendentals of Being as Love – beauty, goodness, truth – offers a promising frame and substance for the interpretation of the qualities of New evangelization and those who aspire to practice it. In the encounter with the beauty of the Lord (his Glory) the human person becomes enraptured by it, resulting in religious conversion (demonstratio religiosa). Such a person has her ardor ignited, with an ever stronger desire of responding to the call to »come and see« and »come and follow«. Hence commences the central phase, the drama of imitating Christ; by meeting the one that is Good, the ardent evangelist finds and exhibits a method: existing by playing a supporting role to Christ’s kenotic love on the stage of the world, thus going through the process of moral conversion (demonstration Christiana) and becoming ever better himself. The final phase of obedience and self-emptying (in continuity with the rapture and the drama), inseparable from a life of prayer, consists in reflecting and expressing the truth lived in a saintly existence, the unique personal form of a true lover of Wisdom, for whom »to die is to gain«. In such a manner, the world which seeks witnesses more than teachers is offered abundant reason to enter an existential encounter with Being as Love in the process of intellectual conversion (demonstration Catholica) towards Christ as universal concretum.
La audiencia especial de tutela de garantías constitucionales, en la ampliación del plazo para investigar, en el proceso penal nicaragüense
Authors: Blandón Víctor Habed
Published: April 2022

En el sistema procesal penal inquisitivo escasamente se aseguraban las garantías constitucionales del imputado, ya que el juez ejercía facultades de investigación lo que excluía el debido proceso. Por su parte el sistema procesal acusatorio, que rompe con un sistema violatorio de los derechos del procesado y aún con la garantía en juicio de los derechos de los acusados establecidos en la Constitución Política, no garantizaba plenamente la participación de la defensa en la fase de investigación llevada a efecto por la Policía Nacional y orientada por el Ministerio Público, para una futura acusación, a pesar de encontrarse establecido en nuestra jurisprudencia, que los actos de investigación son parte material del proceso penal aún cuando éste formalmente no exista todavía, pues si bien el Ministerio Público y la Policía Nacional no son órganos jurisdiccionales, realizan una actividad típicamente procesal con el fin de dar sustento a la actividad requirente que se plantea frente al órgano jurisdiccional, a ello debe agregarse que estos órganos en su actividad de persecución penal podrían afectar derechos fundamentales de las personas. La nueva audiencia especial de tutela de garantías constitucionales permite al juez de garantías el autorizar o convalidar actos de investigación en la fase de investigación complementaria solicitada por el Ministerio Público, y así minimizar o incluso eliminar el abuso o la arbitrariedad.
Prácticas sobre la tenencia de la tierra en el occidente de Nicaragua (1950-1979)
Authors: Hernández Indira Jeannetth
Published: April 2022

La tierra ha sido el motor de la economía nacional, desde antes de la Conquista por los europeos hasta nuestros días, por tanto, su posesión y dominio está asociado a la riqueza y al poder. Los conflictos por la propiedad o tenencia de la tierra es uno de los más complejos y hasta violentos en toda la región latinoamericana, y Nicaragua no ha sido la excepción. En Nicaragua, antes de 1979, los conflictos por la tierra más destacados, por el dinamismo con el que se desarrollaron, fueron los ocurridos en la región occidental y central. Estos dejaron un legado de despojos, violencia y muerte que aún está presente en la memoria de los pobladores de la zona.
El Instituto Nacional: pinceladas de su historia
Authors: Calderón Aguilera Bladimir
Published: April 2022

La presente investigación que tiene por título: El Instituto Nacional: pinceladas de su historia, tiene como objetivo de estudio la historia del Instituto Nacional ubicado en la ciudad de Estelí, recopilando algunos aspectos desde su fundación al año 2019, siendo el objetivo general narrar pinceladas de su historia; encuanto los materiales y métodos utilizados destacan los siguientes elementos: el enfoque de la investigación es cualitativo, el diseño es narrativo, las técnicas e instrumentos para la recolección de datos son: la entrevista semiestructurada a través del cuestionario con preguntas abiertas, y los documentos, registros y materiales, en este caso físicos y digitales, la técnica del proceso de análisis y procesamiento de datos es la codificación y por último la muestra es no probabilística en cadena o por redes; entre los principales resultados se puede mencionar que se logra especificar las modalidades educativas que han funcionado y los nombres oficiales del Instituto Nacional, además se describe un proyecto con la Fundación de Apoyo al Arte Creador Infantil (FUNARTE), los hermanamientos con instituciones educativas extranjeras, proyectos de infraestructura escolar realizados desde el Gobierno Central y el Gobierno local y se detallan los diversos concursos, certámenes, ferias, olimpiadas y juegos promovidos por el Ministerio de Educación y otras instituciones en los cuales ha participado el Instituto Nacional a nivel municipal, departamental y nacional, al final en las conclusiones se da respuesta a las preguntas de investigación y se detalla la bibliografía consultada.
La influencia cultural del arte barroco en Nicaragua
Authors: Martínez Báez Francisco
Published: April 2022

Nicaragua ha vivido tres periodos de su historia del arte. Primero, el arte prehispánico, el arte colonial y el arte nicaragüense- En el periodo precolombino la cultura indígena desarrolló disciplinas artísticas sofisticadas, fuertemente influenciadas por preocupaciones religiosas y espirituales. Algunas obras existentes son conocidas y denominadas colectivamente como Arte Precolombino, la que tiene sus raíces en las diversas culturas indígenas que vivieron en América antes de la colonización española durante el siglo XVI, cuyas mezclas culturales nativas americanas, europeas y africanas, dieron lugar a una tradición mestiza única. En este trabajo abordamos primeramente los antecedentes de la colonización que incide indudablemente en la cultura del arte barroco en Nicaragua.
La Costa Caribe Sur de Nicaragua: Poblamiento y vínculos regionales. 5000 a. C. y 1502 d.C.
Authors: Lechado Ríos Leonardo Daniel
Published: April 2022

La temática que se presenta aborda el poblamiento de la región del Caribe Sur nicaragüense y la evolución de las sociedades que allí se establecieron durante la época prehispánica, mismas que contribuyeron a la conformación regional caribeña. Se examina la gradual transformación de una región pujante con sociedades muy complejas, con dominio territorial, grandes asentamientos, desarrollos locales y vínculos regionales, a una región con sociedades que entran en un proceso de abandono territorial, desde la llegada de los pueblos mesoamericanos y luego con los españoles. Se realiza una propuesta teórico- metodológica para el estudio de caso, desde la inter y la trans-disciplinariedad, lo que contribuye al desarrollo de un modelo de estudio que con base inicial arqueológica, puede aplicarse a otras regiones nicaragüenses. Por ende, aporta a la historia regional de la gran región caribeña, específicamente a la del sur, y a la nacional, siendo la más diferenciada de las grandes regiones nicaragüenses. Se valoran las corrientes migratorias que influyeron en el poblamiento de esta región histórica, las evidencias materiales y patrones de asentamiento que allí se dieron, la relación con el medio, la vida cotidiana, economía, prácticas funerarias y los vínculos regionales durante el largo proceso de conformación regional que tuvo lugar. Todo ello se realiza a través del razonamiento análogo- comparativo y con apoyo en otros métodos de diversas ciencias, en particular la Arqueología y la Historia.
Arqueología y museo. Una experiencia de gestión cultural en Muelle de los Bueyes, RACCS
Authors: Lechado Ríos Leonardo , Balladares N. Sagrario
Published: April 2022

El documento aborda la creación del Museo Arqueológico del municipio de Muelle de Los Bueyes en la Región Autónoma de la Costa Caribe Sur Nicaragüense (RACCS), proceso valorado como una práctica de Gestión Cultural Comunitaria con miras al desarrollo sociocultural de sus habitantes. Destaca como elemento determinante, la combinación de la investigación científica con la articulación pertinente de distintos actores locales, hecho que facilitó la puesta en valor de los bienes patrimoniales arqueológicos a través del museo, en pro del desarrollo económico-social del territorio. Así también, se señalan las principales acciones ejecutadas para la consecución de dicho museo, ejemplo, los trabajos arqueológicos en campo, el trabajo de laboratorio, las capacitaciones y talleres dirigidos a grupos de jóvenes promotores culturales, dinamizando la participación de la población en diferentes facetas del proceso. Hoy en día, el museo Arqueológico del municipio de Muelle de Los Bueyes exhibe materiales recuperados durante la investigación de los distintos contextos arqueológicos identificados dentro del municipio. Más allá de los objetos e información que se exhiben en el museo, su creación implica la generación y fortalecimiento de una identidad local, contribuyendo de esta manera, al fortalecimiento de la identidad nacional. El trabajo científico, la asesoría técnica en cada uno de los procesos involucrados, la organización y ejecución del trabajo de campo hasta el montaje y diseño, fue desarrollado desde el Centro Arqueológico de Documentación e Investigación (CADI) de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Jurídicas de la UNAN-Managua.
US-Based Historical Studies of Sports and the Academe of Japan and China
Authors: Kawashima Kohei , Zuo Geng
Published: April 2022

This overview, based on the categorization by Mark Dyreson at Pennsylvania State University of researchers into “historians of sports” and “sports historians” reveals that, in the United States, a close relationship between the two groups that originated in the 1970s is now facing a critical moment. In Japan, both groups have maintained a steady relationship since the 1980s, while historians of sports have taken a leading position as reflected in their dominant role in writing the Japan Journal of Sport History (JJSH)’s articles. In China, a gradual shift to sport history seems to be taking place, as its academia, having started from the orthodox historical discipline, is currently giving ground to social and natural sciences. It is high time for scholars of the United States, Japan, and China to meet together in one place to look back on their pasts and carve out new horizons. This is an important step in developing a global history of sports.
I reati culturalmente motivati fra assimilazionismo e relativismo multiculturale
Authors: Alicino Francesco
Published: April 2022

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. Esperienze normative - 3. Nello spazio giuridico europeo e internazionale - 4. Valida e inefficace - 5. Una ragionevole normativa penale - 6. Rigidità e flessibilità - 7. Fondati timori - 8. Us and Them - 9. Le culture tra eguaglianza e differenze – 10. Conclusioni.

Cultural Defenses between Monoculturalism and Multiculturalism

ABSTRACT: In an increasingly globalized world, individuals and groups are seeking to have their own culture respected, maintaining their cultural diversity in the face of growing globalization. These claims are connected with the formal conceptions of the principle of equality, which often produces substantial and discriminatory inequalities. This situation becomes even more complicated when related to the specific field of criminal law concerning cultural defenses. The author analyses the different approaches to cultural defenses, those oscillating from multiculturalism to monoculturalism, taking into account the Italian and European-international legal context.
L’assetto procedurale della recente modifica delle “Normae de delictis Congregationi pro Doctrina Fidei reservatis”: esegesi e suggestioni
Authors: Viayna Marc Teixidor
Published: April 2022

SOMMARIO: 1. Considerazioni preliminari - 2. Rimane ancora una preferenza (seppure sfumata) per il processo giudiziario? - 3. Imposizione di misure cautelari - 4. Requisiti per lo svolgimento di determinate mansioni - 5. Impugnabilità delle decisioni in materia di cause incidentali (scomparsa del vetus art. 25 NDR) - 6. Ancora una volta la questione della ‘calamita processuale’ - 7. Una ‘potestas sanandi’ ampliata a norma dell’art. 11 NDR? - 8. Il quadro dei mezzi d’impugnazione contro la sentenza - 9. Una questione particolare sull’appello: può sostenersi la legittimazione attiva del Promotore di Giustizia a quo per l’interposizione dell’appello? - 10. La regolamentazione del procedimento penale amministrativo - 11. Il regime di contestazione delle decisioni penali amministrative: alcuni guadagni e alcune incertezze - 12. Ampliamento della facoltà di deroga alla prescrizione? - 13. La previsione del deferimento al Romano Pontefice per la dimissione dello stato clericale assieme alla dispensa del celibato (art. 26 NDR) e il curioso diritto dell’imputato di richiedere la dispensa ab oneribus (art. 27 NDR) - 14. Conclusioni.

Procedural aspects of the recent reform of the “Normae de delictis Congregationi pro Doctrina Fidei reservatis”: an interpretation and some suggestions

ABSTRACT: On December 8, 2021, a new modification of the "Normae de delictis Congregationi pro Doctrina Fidei reservatis" came into force. The legal modification has affected both the substantive and the procedural part of these norms. This article examines some of the most significant aspects of this reform from a procedural-canonical perspective and suggests some possible adjustments and future lines of reflection.
Trasformazione, fusione e scissione degli enti canonici nell’ordinamento della Chiesa e dello Stato
Authors: Perego Alessandro
Published: April 2022

SOMMARIO: 1. Riorganizzazione ecclesiastica e operazioni straordinarie degli enti canonici - 2. Le operazioni straordinarie nel Codice di diritto canonico: i canoni 121 e 122 - 3. Competenza dell’autorità ecclesiastica e procedura canonica - 4. (segue) licenze e controlli canonici - 5. Disciplina civile delle operazioni straordinarie degli enti canonici - 6. Mutamenti sostanziali degli enti ecclesiastici civilmente riconosciuti - 7. Operazioni straordinarie degli enti di diritto comune: trasformazioni di associazioni di fedeli e pie fondazioni - 8. (segue) fusioni e scissioni - 9. Enti religiosi con ramo del Terzo settore o di impresa sociale - 10. Profili fiscali delle operazioni straordinarie e beni culturali.

Conversion, merger and acquisition as well as split-up of Catholic Church entities under Canon and Italian laws *

ABSTRACT: This paper analyzes conversion, merger and acquisition as well as split-up of Catholic Church entities by assessing canon law (can. 121 and 122 C.i.c.), treaties between Church and Italy (l. n. 222/1985) as well as the Italian law governing non profit organizations.
NWFP Certification: Challening Face in Forestry
Authors: Tiwari S. , Bhat S.
Published: April 2022

Cartification can be seen as a one of the most important concrete step in context of sustainable forestry management. Since India, being the signatories of the IITO objectie 2000, have an obligation to ensure that every product in the international market comes from sustainable forest management areas by the year 2000. A general assessment has been done in that context to analysis the scope and potential of the same.
On determination of thickness of fog-layers over Calcutta Airport based on their thermal structure
Authors: DAS MR
Published: April 2022

An attempt has been made to compute the thickness of morning fog-layers which formed over Calcutta Airport on different occasions during the period 1973-77. According to their thermal and moisture structure, the fog-layers have been grouped into four types and their characteristic features have been presented. The fog-layers could be as shallow as 20 m and as deep as 1000 m. It appears that varying degrees of turbulence in the fog-layers have a bearing to their vertical extent.
Strategies of optimizing crop production in rainfed areas
Authors: VARSHNEY RK , PRIHAR SS , SEKHON HS
Published: April 2022

The paper develops a conceptual model of crop production system in rainfed area with an objective to develop appropriate package of practices for maximising production. The model visualises the arable land as a water storage element from which water is depleted over time due to its utilization in crop growth and is replenished by rains. If the rains are scant the water reservoir in the soil is unable to support the crops. The paper proposes how to seek the best crop yields under moisture conditions sometimes unfavourable to them in varying, degrees. The model comprises five elements besides the natural input in terms of seasonal rains and designed strategies involving rate of fertilizer application, choice of harvest time, cultural practices and possible irrigation through stored rainwater. The five elements of the system are: (i) a region under cultivation, (ii) soil sub-system, (iii) kharif soil crop sub-system, (iv)rabi soil-crop sub--system, and (v) reservoir for run-off water from rain. The outputs of the system are crop yields and the crop wastes both of which are usable and have a value. With the known system characteristics, strategies for optimizing the crop yields can be designed using the system model proposed in this paper.
Flow discharge prediction of river Tigris using Self tuning predictors
Authors: SINHA AK , JASSIM SADIQ
Published: April 2022

The paper presents development of recursive self-adaptive prediction algorithms called the self-tuning predictors using some common estimation techniques and their application to prediction of flow discharge of river Tigris at Baghdad, Iraq. Four kinds of predictors, namely, the least square predictor, the minimum variance predictor, predictor using stochastic approximation and a two stage predictor have been developed. Using available data for the river Tigris, prediction results have been obtained for average daily discharge, average monthly discharge and average yearly discharge. In each type of prediction, a number of models have been tried. The various prediction results are presented graphically and in tabular forms for comparison.
Cloud characteristics of monsoon depressions as viewed by meteorological satellites
Authors: CHOWDHURY A , URANKAR PS , UPADHYE CU
Published: April 2022

Satellite cloud pictures of west/westnorthwest moving monsoon depressions have been examined by dividing the area 10 degree latitude/longitude around the surface position of the depressions centre, into 2.5 degree grid squares. The isopleths of mean cloudiness, coefficient of variation and preferred zones of large and low cloudiness are discussed in relation to the large scale flow pattern associated with the depressions. Broad category of cloud patterns have been identified in the satellite pictures. An attempt has been made to estimate daily rainfall in different sectors of the monsoon depression from these pictures.
Knowledge and Awareness of Sickle Cell Anemia: Cross Sectional Study among the General Population in Saudi Arabia
Authors: M. Khalifa Amany , F. Alhejaili Mawaddah , H. Aledaili Amirah , M. Alharbi Amani
Published: April 2022

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary blood disorder. The red blood cells are sickle in shape by polymerization of the Hemoglobin molecule caused by a β-globin gene defect that leads to Substitution of valine for glutamic acid in position 6 of the β-globin. It's an autosomal recessive inherited hematological disease. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of the sickle cell gene in the adult population is (4.2%) for sickle-cell trait and (0.26%) for SCD, with the highest prevalence was found in the eastern region. Consanguineous marriage gave a high incidence of the disease. The aim of the current study was to build interest to Knowledge assessment & awareness of Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) in different regions in Saudi society and try to spread more information about it. Also, assessing the willingness of society to do premarital testing to prevent genetical diseases.Results: A total number of 400 participants filled in the present study questionnaire. The overall percentage of awareness was 60.16%
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from Clinical and Environmental Sources in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Kamran Muhammad , Adil Choudary Muhammad , Amin Haroon , Asghar Samra , Shahid Adeel , Zafar Saba , Javed Hamza , Hassan Sarfraz Muhammad , Khurshid Mohsin
Published: April 2022

The increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance is a public health concern, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known to be resistant to a variety of antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance and the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of P. aeruginosa from environmental and clinical sources were studied in the current study. A total of 170 samples were evaluated, with 85 samples each from environmental sources and clinical settings. The isolates were subjected to microbial analysis and antimicrobial sensitivity testing. The findings revealed that 45.88 % (39) of the 85 clinical isolates tested for the presence of P. aeruginosa were positive. In terms of prevalence, there were significant variations (p 0.05) between the clinical samples. Wound samples had the highest isolation rate of 28.2%, while urine samples had the lowest (12.8%). P. aeruginosa was found in 38.8 % (33/85) of the samples isolated from environmental sources. In terms of prevalence, there was a highly significant difference (p 0.01) between the isolates. All of the positive isolates were completely resistant to cefuroxime and amoxicillin (100 %). The majority were also resistant to, cotrimoxazole (82%), nalidixic acid (82%), ciprofloxacin (86%), and tobramycin (69%). There was a substantial variation in the resistance patterns of isolates. The current study demand comprehensive measure to combat antimicrobial resistance in P. aeruginosa.
PRACTICE OF GOWNING AND GLOVING TECHNIQUE AMONG HEALTH PERSONNEL AT OPERATION THEATRE OF TEACHING HOSPITAL, BHARATPUR
Authors: K.C. Biddhya , Bista Bishnu
Published: April 2022

Background: Gowning and gloving is regarded as the basic component of modern Surgery, its standard of practice is directly concerned with patient safety and infection prevention. The aim of this study was to observe the practice of gowning and gloving technique among health personnel at operation theatre of teaching hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 90 health personnel who had scrubbed in the operation theatre before approached to sterile field, by using observational checklist. Sample was selected by using non probability, consecutive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics to find the association between the variable.
Results: The findings highlighted, that only 36.7% of the health personnel fulfill the criteria of surgical gowning and gloving. The main issues found in the study were not picking up the entire folded gown through all layers from the wrapper (31.1%), and not holding the gown near the gown’s neck and touch unsterile objects (18.9%).
Conclusions: The level of practice on gowning and gloving technique was statistically significant with professional experience and education of the respondents. Hence, operation theatre department should develop the audit protocol and in-service training model for the surgical team.
PRACTICE REGARDING DRY EYE SYNDROME AMONG GENERAL POPULATION IN CENTRAL REGION OF NEPAL
Authors: Dahal Polina , Bastola Pradeep
Published: April 2022

Background: Dry eye disease is a common disorder of the tear film due to decreased tear production, excessive tear evaporation, or abnormality in mucin or lipid components of the tear film associated with symptoms of ocular discomfort. Dry eye disease is a chronic, multifactorial disease, which is also called keratoconjunctivitis sicca. The aim of this study is to know about the practice concerning Dry Eye Disease and analyze the associated risk factors in Central Region of Nepal.
Methods: This was a cross-section hospital-based, observational study conducted in Chitwan Medical College and Teaching Hospital from 17 September 2021 to 16 December 2021.Cases enrolled over 3 months were administered in ocular surface disease. Proforma was designed and filled to evaluate the practice and risk factors of DED. SPSS version 26 was used to analyze the data entered in a specified proforma.
Results: During the pandemic period 300 patient participated in the study. Among the patient rolled in the study 217 (72.33%) had<10sec of TBUT and 83(27.67%) had> 10sec TBUT. 47(15.67%), normal Schirmer’s test, 148(49.33%) had mild and 78(26%) moderate, 27(9%) had severe dry eye. Most of the patient presented with dryness 119(39.8%), Foreign body sensation 97(32.3%), itching 52(17.3%) and Redness 22(7.3%).
Conclusions: Our results show most of the patients have mild to severe dry eye. Most of the patient presented with dryness, foreign body sensation, itching and Redness. VDG (TV and laptop) contact time of more than 2 hours were associated with increased odds of developing DED.
HIGH RESOLUTION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY CHEST FINDINGS DURING ADMISSION AND FOLLOW-UP IN SEVERE COVID-19 INFECTION
Authors: Puri Niraj , Adhikari Shital , Bhattarai Madhur Dev , Gauli Basanta , Gurung Sailesh , Patel Sunil , Wagley Pratik , Adhikari Deepak , Paudel Bigyan
Published: April 2022

Background: The full extent of pulmonary damage and long-term prognosis due to severe COVID-19 pneumonia is still unclear. This study was aimed to characterize and compare changes in the radiological pattern of HRCT chest in severe COVID-19 pneumonia patients from admission to that of follow-up.
Methods: This was a one-year prospective study done at Chitwan Medical College from April 2020 to April 2021. Total 56 patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who had at least one HRCT chest during admission and another during follow-up within 5 weeks. Based on the total number of days on systemic steroids, patients were separated into three follow-up groups. Statistical Package for Social Science version 20 was used for data input and descriptive analysis. Point estimate at 95% Confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and descriptive statistics.
Results: The median CT severity index scores of follow-up HRCT chest improved from 14.5 to 10.0 in the 3rd week and from 16.0 to 11.5 in the 5th week. Ground Glass Opacity resolved early and steadily. The prevalence of bronchiectasis and fibrosis was considerable, with no meaningful improvement up to 5th week.
Conclusions: Significant radiological improvement can be seen as early as 3rd week from recovery phase of severe COVID-19 pneumonia where systemic steroids have a key contributory role. High frequency of bronchiectasis and fibrosis from in-patient HRCT chest may be due to acute COVID-19 pneumonia lesions on the preexisting undiagnosed lung diseases which may be falsely ascribed to the post-COVID.