bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the national clinical sentinel surveillance system for sexually transmitted infections in South Africa: Analysis of provincial and district-level data
Authors: Frank D , Kufa T , Dorrell P , Kularatne R , Maithufi R , Chidarikire T , Pillay Y , Mokgatle M
Published: November 2023

Background. Globally, >1 million new cases of curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are estimated to occur daily, an alarming rate that has prevailed for over a decade. Modelled STI prevalence estimates for South Africa (SA) are among the highest globally. Robust STI surveillance systems have implications for policy and planning, antimicrobial stewardship and prevention strategies, and are critical in stemming the tide of STIs.
Objectives. To evaluate the STI clinical sentinel surveillance system (STI CSSS) in SA, to describe the population incidence of four designated STI syndromes in males and females ≥15 years, and to provide recommendations for strengthening the STI CSSS.Methods. This was a retrospective analysis of the STI CSSS in SA. Distribution of the primary healthcare facilities designated as STI CSSS sites was described, taking into account provincial population distribution and headcount coverage of STI CSSS facilities. Reporting compliance was evaluated to determine completion of data reporting. Further analysis was undertaken for those provinces that had good reporting compliance over a 12-month period. Population-level and demographic STI syndrome incidence were estimated from CSSS data using case reports of male urethritis syndrome (MUS) as a proxy for data extrapolation.
Results. Reporting compliance exceeded 70% for seven of the nine provinces. STI syndromes with the highest incidence were MUS and vaginal discharge syndrome (VDS). The 20 - 24 years age group had the highest STI incidence, at least double the incidence estimated in the other two age groups. Overall STI incidence in females was higher than among males in all provinces, except Limpopo and Western Cape. The 15 - 19 years age group had the most prominent gender disparity, with the national STI incidence in females 70% higher than in males. District-level analysis revealed high regional STI incidence even in provinces with lower overall incidence.
Conclusion. The STI CSSS is pivotal to epidemiological monitoring and proactive management of STIs, especially in view of the high HIV prevalence in SA. CSSS processes and facility selection should be reviewed and revised to be representative and responsive to the current STI needs of the country, with biennial analysis and reporting to support evidence-based policy development and targeted implementation.
The specifics of the management of Bosnia and Herzegovina under international control
Authors: Koevich Sara
Published: November 2023

The subject of this article is the current political situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The article presents the definition of the concept of constitutional power in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is considered how international organizations influence the constitutional power in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the current legal state of Bosnia and Herzegovina, domestic and foreign policy, the influence of international presence and many others. The focus is on the question of who and how currently governs Bosnia and Herzegovina. The article presents a detailed analysis of the functions and work of the High Representative and the Peace Implementation Council. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the article is a detailed constructive analysis of international interference in the functioning of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The role of the High Representative is also described in detail as one of the main contradictions of the authorities of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The author comes to the conclusion that there is an absolute discrepancy between reality, that is, facts with the idea of the way and functioning of this state. The specificity of Bosnia and Herzegovina lies in the fact that a number of international institutions directly affect both the domestic and foreign policy of the country. The factor of internal influence is integrated into its political system through the penetration of international law there. It is noted that unlike other European countries with a complex history, Bosnia and Herzegovina lacks an initiative approach to solving problems and developing the state. The author comes to the conclusion that the role of the High Representative is one of the main contradictions in Bosnia and Herzegovina and that the illegitimate appointment of High Representative Christian Schmit throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina deepens the ethno-political conflict and puts the Serbs in the Republika Srpska in an even more difficult situation.
Nostálgicos na terra do banzo: o imigrante italiano em Juó Bananére e António de Alcântara Machado
Authors: Marques Francisco Cláudio Alves
Published: November 2023

Neste livro, Francisco Cláudio Alves Marques examina a participação do imigrante italiano no processo de urbanização paulista nos anos de 1920, no qual se misturavam trabalhadores de procedências diversas, como o escravo recém-liberto, o caipira e o imigrante italiano vindo da zona rural, todos “desenraizados” no espaço ou no tempo. É dessa perspectiva que o autor procura compreender as caricaturas elaboradas por Juó Bananére e António de Alcântara Machado, considerando-as mais do que manifestação de rejeição ou acolhimento do imigrante, mas expressão do papel desse contingente nas transformações por que passava o País no período em que se discutia a configuração da identidade nacional. Para lançar luz sobre a representação do imigrante italiano nas obras daqueles dois escritores paulistas, a autor considera aspectos históricos, sociológicos e culturais implicados no processo imigratório do início do século XX. Partindo da caracterização da personagem macarrônica, nos planos gráfico e linguístico, o autor chega a possíveis sentidos do efeito cômico dessa caricatura na percepção do papel do imigrante italiano na constituição da sociedade brasileira, aspecto que enseja sutil contraste com o nacionalismo na obra de Alcântara Machado.
Do Basic Neurologic Assessments Tell Us More Than We Realize?
Authors: Donnan Luke , Baker Emma , Horn Anna , Robinson Caroline
Published: November 2023

Background: Neurologic assessments using a monofilament and a tuning fork are routinely performed to screen for peripheral neuropathy and to identify foot ulceration and amputation risks. We investigated whether assessments commonly used to monitor sensation in the feet may illuminate a more holistic perspective of a person’s overall health status.

Methods: Recruitment of 50 participants for foot health screening was facilitated via a promotional event for Foot Health Week. Participants were aged 52 to 92 years (31 women and 19 men). Monofilament and tuning fork assessments were used to determine each participant’s neurologic status. Participants also completed a modified Foot Health Status Questionnaire. Data were analyzed to identify correlations between neurologic assessment results and questionnaire responses.

Results: For participants self-reporting an “excellent” health rating, a significant relationship was identified with adequate vibration sensation (P < .01). Significant correlations were also identified between a greater number of sites detected using a 10-g monofilament assessment and a person’s experience of having a lot of energy (P = .03), limited interference with social activities (P = .03), and greater confidence completing a variety of functional tasks.

Conclusions: Significant correlations were observed between basic neurologic assessments and a participant’s perception of their overall health. Although these findings reflect a correlational rather than a causational relationship, they may provide a stimulus for clinicians to reflect on the holistic value of peripheral neurologic assessment. Although the immediate focus for a practitioner is minimizing risk and preserving tissue viability, neurologic test results may be useful to stimulate further discussion about a patient’s health outcomes by exploring issues beyond the presenting condition.
Grade III Turf Toe Injury in a Cowboy
Authors: Hogge Jeffrey D.
Published: November 2023

Turf toe injuries are common, particularly in athletes competing on artificial turf. This debilitating injury and its associated sequelae can affect the long-term performance of athletes and others. In this case is presented an atypical cause for development of grade III turf toe. This case presents an acute injury with significant damage to the plantar first metatarsophalangeal joint, with plantar plate rupture and tibial sesamoid retraction secondary to injury involving working calves on a ranch. The anatomy, mechanism, and associated treatments are reviewed. The anatomical and functional interplay with this injury is discussed.
Application of Exogenous Lipase in the Study of Rice Bran Stabilization
Authors: Deng Mingyue , Liu Haixu , Chai Yongze , Wang Shaojin , Gu Fang
Published: November 2023

In view of the low content of lipase in rice bran, it is difficult to directly and efficiently measure its lipase activity in the rice bran heat inactivation experiment, an experimental method of adding exogenous lipase was proposed to quickly and accurately detect the lipase activity in the heated rice bran. Taking the correlation between the temperature and time of rice bran heat treatment and the enzyme activity as the starting point, the self-made aluminum heating container with high sealing property was used, and the COMSOL simulation verified that the container met the uniformity requirements of rice bran heating; Take rice bran as the heating medium, add a certain amount of exogenous plant lipase, and then heat the rice bran containing exogenous lipase, and detect the activity of lipase after heating, to explore the application of adding exogenous lipase in rice bran stabilization. The results showed that when exogenous lipase and rice bran were mixed with 1:1 (mass ratio), the lipase activity of the mixture increased in equal proportion; After heat treatment at 110 ℃, 120 ℃ and 130 ℃, the measured change of lipase activity in the mixture was in good agreement with the change trend of rice bran lipase activity, and the difference between different test temperature groups was significant (P<0.05), which provided an ideal detection model for the detection of lipase activity in the study of rice bran stabilization.
La expresión de la anterioridad al momento del habla en la variedad colombiana del español
Authors: Manuel Medardo Montero Cádiz , Barragán Gómez Rafael Alberto , Gómez Barajas Martha Mercedes , Navarro Sierra Paula Andrea , Martínez Campos Faiver Albeiro , Álvarez Calderón Cristian Giovanny
Published: November 2023

La temporalidad lingüística, en especial la temporalidad verbal, es uno de los temas más controvertidos en los estudios de la lengua española. Por eso el objetivo de este artículo, derivado de una investigación desarrollada en la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia y la Universidad Industrial de Santander, es caracterizar la expresión de anterioridad al momento del habla en la variedad colombiana del español. Con un enfoque onomasiológico, se partió de un corpus de lengua oral, se señalaron los fragmentos en que se expresaba anterioridad al momento del habla y se efectuó el vaciado en una matriz diseñada para tal fin, en la cual se clasificó la tipología de anterioridad que se manifestaba en cada uno y se determinó qué medios se emplearon para ello. Se concluye que en la variedad colombiana del español las formas verbales expresan la anterioridad con relación al momento del habla principalmente con los tiempos verbales pretérito, copretérito y antepresente, que el intervalo entre el momento del habla y el evento es reconocido gracias a otros elementos y que la situación discursiva es el elemento que permite determinar en mayor medida ese intervalo.
Marketing Status of Various Insecticide Brand and Buying Behaviour of Onion Growers in Amreli District, India
Authors: Savaliya N. G. , Dubey L. R. , Faldu N. V. , Chudasama V. R. , Modi R. P.
Published: November 2023

One of the most significant commercial vegetables is the onion (Allium cepa L.; Family: Amaryllidaceae). Onion is a cool season crop. India stands at second position in onion production after China in the world. In India, Gujarat stands at second position in onion cultivation after Maharashtra state. The present study has been undertaken  in Rajula, Savar Kundla, Khambha, and Dhari talukas of the Amreli district, as all four talukas have higher areas under onion cultivation. A multistage sampling technique was adopted to select the districts, talukas, and villages. Total 120 onion growers and 20 insecticide dealers were selected for the study. The study was mainly based on primary data, which were collected through personal interviews with the help of a structured survey schedule. The study revealed that the highest market share was captured by United Phosphorus Limited Company followed by Dhanuka Agritech Limited Company and Dharmaj Crop Guard Limited Company. The results showed that the highest percentage of onion growers belonged to the 35 to 50 age group and had a primary education level. Most of the onion growers belonged to semi-medium and small land-holding groups and had annual incomes between ₹ 2,27,693 to ₹ 5,10,058. The highest percentage of onion growers belonged to the farming + animal husbandry category. Bore wells were observed as the main source of irrigation in the study area. More than 50 per cent of onion growers belonged to the nuclear family. Most onion growers have more than 15 years of farming experience. It is also concluded that most of the growers bought onion insecticides from the dealers on a credit basis. Therefore, companies should define and ease the conditions for credit availability, so that it could be affordable for both farmers and dealers. Most of onion growers preferred the same brand and same quantity and shifted to other brands when insecticides were not available. Both farmers and dealers emphasized quality parameters while purchasing insecticide products, hence insecticide companies should highlight the quality parameters through better promotional activities.
Assessing the Efficacy of e-learning Resources in Facilitating Course Teaching in Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Padmini S. , Ramani Pramila
Published: November 2023

Technology is transforming education with new teaching and learning approaches. Online platforms, digital papers, and other resources have transformed education. This study examines B.Ed faculty members' views on using e-learning tools for the two-credit course 'Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects' to fill a gap in the literature. Objective: This study examines B.Ed faculty views on e-learning tools in 'Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects.' The purpose is to get opinions on technology in education. The study has many implications. Technology has a significant impact on schooling. The report highlights how online platforms and digital resources have transformed education delivery and reception. Addressing a Research Gap: This study addresses a literature gap. There appears to be little literature or study on incorporating e-learning technologies into the B.Ed curriculum, precisely the specified course. Academics Perspective: B.Ed academics who train teachers provide vital insights in this study. Perspectives can impact future teachers' adaptation to changing education. Study Sample: The researchers sampled 42 B.Ed. instructors from Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University in Cuddalore in 2023. The study used purposive sampling. Research Design: This qualitative study used surveys to obtain data. Open-ended questions were analysed using content analysis. Faculty members' e-learning positive and negative responses were evenly split. Four proposals were presented to improve e-learning resource generation.
Socio-economic Conditions of Dry Fishers and Wholesalers: A Case Study of the Coastal Dry Fishing Communities of Bangladesh
Authors: Kamal Sadia Afrin , Khanam Afrin , Hossain Jakir , Ferdous Afshana , Jahan Roksana
Published: November 2023

The coastal areas of Bangladesh, particularly the southeast region, is notorious for producing a majority of dried fish products in the country by recruiting numerous dry fishers and wholesalers (locally called Mohajon). This study examines the socio-economic condition and livelihood status of small scale dry fish producing communities in Nazirartek, a renowned fish drying village situated in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. It was perceived that the dry fishers lived in a very underdeveloped state with low income and literacy rates, poor living standards and malnourished condition, whereas the livelihood of wholesalers was comparatively better. The inadequate compensation during rainy seasons was another reason for the unimproved livelihood of the fishers. Because of this, they had to take up substitute agricultural or other occupations during the off-seasons of fish drying activities. Majority (60%) of the wholesalers had attended secondary school, considering 56.66% fishers went up to primary school with no further secondary school education. Furthermore, over 50% fishers had an annual income of 81,000 to 100,000 BDT while 70% wholesalers earned above 100,000 BDT year-1. Primarily, the major constraints encountered by the communities are vulnerability to extreme weather, reliance on loans due to low wages, inadequate off-season income opportunities, lack of good treatment facilities, no prior training and scarcity of technological facilities. With appropriate management strategies, comprehensive marketing systems, national co-operation and employment opportunities, the dry fishing industries of Bangladesh can be developed to its’ full potential.
Phytoremediation Indices of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Growing in Panteka Stream, Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Yilwa Victoria Moltong , Tochukwu Nwankwo Cornelius , Chika Emere Matthew , Ojodale Adejo Peter , Barde Danfulloh Tundeno
Published: November 2023

The aquatic environment is incessantly polluted by the release of high toxic concentrations of heavy metals which are bio-accumulative and persistent in nature. This investigation was conducted to assess the phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) growing in Panteka stream, Kaduna where mechanic and farming activities are carried out. Having three sampling points (A, B and C) and pond water, where farming is predominant served as the control site (D) using phytoremediation indices. The root and shoot samples of E. crassipes grown at the sampling points (A, B, C) and the control were analyzed to determine heavy metal concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) through Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The phytoremediation indices were calculated via bioaccumulation coefficient and translocation factor. The results showed that the root samples had higher accumulation of heavy metals than the shoot samples. During the analysis the heavy metal Zn was noted to be accumulated the highest in roots and shoots (335.32 ± 23.6 and 256.52 ± 30.82) mg/kg at sampling point B respectively. In this present analysis heavy metals were translocated efficiently and had bioaccumulation coefficient and translocation factor greater than one. Nickel had the highest bioaccumulation coefficient and translocation factor, and Zn had a translocation factor that was less than one across all samples. This implies that E. crassipes is a potential hyperaccumulator plant for phytoremediation.
Traditional Seed Production and Processing Method for Urochloa Grass Employed by Farmers in the Adamawa Region of Cameroon
Authors: Ntane Ojong Agbor , Andrew Egbe Enow , Bechem Eneke Esoeyang Tambe , Takor Mandah Cecilia , Etchu Kingsley Agbor , Mutai Collins
Published: November 2023

Aims: To investigate the traditional / local seed processing system employed by farmers in the Adamawa region, examine the practices and techniques used in seed production and processing.

Study Design:  A purposive random sampling technique was used.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at seven localities (Ngaousai, Youkou, Wakwa, Darang, Mbidjoro, Beka and Bini) in Adamawa region, Vina division (Ngoundere) between September and October 2019

Methodology: The research included a combination of phone calls interviews, focus group discussion (FGD) and use of semi-structured questionnaires. The views of 16 farmers were sampled focusing on socioeconomic characteristics, the benefits of Urochloa grass, perception of Urochloa grass and seeds production system as well as cost of production of Urochloa seeds. The economic return in terms of benefit/cost ratio was calculated taking into consideration the current prices of various inputs.

Results: Male-headed families made up 81% of the respondents. Most of the respondents were within the productive ages of 31-40 years (31%) and 41-50 years (31%). Majority of respondents (75%) owned their farms and most of them (63%) have been farming for more than 10 years, with (44%) of them farming on areas between 5 and 10 hectares. 68.7% of the respondents get their seeds from past harvest. Most of the farmers (86.7%) harvest seeds using direct heading. Over all, the majority of respondents (81.25%) prepare their seeds by sun drying. In terms of economic value, results showed a Benefit: Cost ratio of more than 1.

Conclusion: The study contributes to the preservation and dissemination of indigenous knowledge related to Urochloa seed processing method. Thereby reducing the dependence of importing seeds to enhance livestock production. These findings underscore the potential of Urochloa seed production as a profitable agricultural activity that can contribute to the economic well-being of farmers in the region.
Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Coefficient analysis in Multi-parent Derived F2 Population of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Eshwar  , Sridevi O. , Mahmadshafi  , Jadhav Anil , Revanasiddayya  , Channabasava  , Raghavendra V. C. , Prem Sagar S. P.  , Kumar Rohit , Sainath  , Khaja Mohinuddin D.
Published: November 2023

Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis for 8 yield contributing traits were studied in multi-parent derived F2 population obtained from crossing 4 commercial hybrids (S-85×IndamRohini) × (Mahyco-701×Indus-1105). For the current study, 285 multi-parent derived F2 plants were used. The study indicated the presence of immense variability for all the traits under study viz, days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight and fruit yield per plant.  High variability was witnessed due to the higher values of PCV and GCV and large variation in the F2 range for all the traits in comparison with the parental range of all the traits. This might be due to the involvement of the genome constitution from multiple parents. All the characters exhibited high estimates of heritability coupled with high genetic advance, hence all the characters can be improved through selection. Correlation indicated that yield per plant was significantly and positively associated with average fruit weight and number of fruits per plant. Average fruit weight and number of fruits per plant showed the highest positive direct effect on fruit per plant. Direct selection can be executed considering these traits as the main selection criteria to minimize the indirect effect of other traits. The genetic variability displayed in the present study can be well exploited to broaden the genetic base of the crop. Meantime, the efficient use of significant correlation and the relatedness in the commercially target traits can yield fruits of rapid trait improvement in near future.
Tillage and Crop Residue Management on Weed Dynamics and Productivity of Direct Seeded Rice
Authors: Bhargaw Piyush Kumar , Karmakar S. , Singh C. S. , Singh Arvind Kumar , Kumar Kuldeep
Published: November 2023

A field experiment was conducted during 2019 and 2020 to evaluate the effect of tillage and residue management on weed dynamics and productivity of direct seeded rice with four tillage systems; Conventional tillage in rice and wheat, Zero tillage in rice and wheat and two rotational tillage sequences that alternated between Conventional tillage and Zero tillage whereas four residue management practices; residue applied in both season, residue applied in kharif season only, residue applied in rabi season only and without residue in both season. The experiment was carried out at research farm of Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand. Results revealed that in direct seeded rice having highest grain yield (10%), straw yield (8%) and yield attributes (10-15%) as well as lesser weed density and weed dry matter found under Conventional tillage during both the seasons of experiment but performance of zero tillage was slightly better (3-4%) in second year as compared to all treatments. Whereas surface retention of residue @5 tonne/ha was significantly more effective in controlling different category of weeds, it decreased up to 60-75% weed population, resulting increment in grain yield up to 19% and 23% during first and second year, respectively, as compared to plot receiving no residue.
ChemInform Abstract: SELF‐DIFFUSION OF LITHIUM IN MOLTEN LITHIUM BERYLLIUM TRIFLUORIDE AND DILITHIUM BERYLLIUM TETRAFLUORIDE
Authors: IWAMOTO N. , TSUNAWAKI Y. , UMESAKI N. , OHNO H. , FURUKAWA K.
Published: November 2023

Die mit Hilfe eines 6Li‐Tracers massenanalytisch ermittelten Selbstdiffusionskoeffizienten D (in m2/s) lassen sich durch D = 9.27·10(‐7)exp[(‐32.5 +/‐ 8.4)‐10(3)/RT] (LiBeF3; Standardabweichung bei 700‐860 K +/‐1.1·10(‐9)) bzw. D = 1.12·10(‐5)exp[(‐38.7 +/‐ 12.5)‐10(3)/RT] (Li2BeF4; Standardabweichung bei 730‐910 K +/‐ 4.3·10(‐10)) beschreiben (R in J/mol·K).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF NITROGEN OXIDE (NO) WITH HYPOCHLOROUS ACID
Authors: GHIBAUDI E. , BARKER J. R. , BENSON S. W.
Published: November 2023

Für die Reaktion zwischen NO und wäß‐ riger NaClO‐Lösung (Untersuchungen im Druckbereich 0.1 ‐ 1.0 Torr NO in N2 und mit 0.01‐1.0 M NaClO, pH 6‐12), die durch den endothermen Schritt Aeingeleitet wird, wird ein Kettenmechanismus entsprechend Bund Cvorgeschlagen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS, PURIFICATION, AND ANALYSES OF SELENIUM TETRAFLUORIDE (SEF4) AND SELENIUM DIFLUORIDE OXIDE (SEOF2). ENTHALPY OF FUSION AND ENTHALPY OF VAPORIZATION OF SELENIUM DIFLUORIDE OXIDE (SEOF2)
Authors: CARRE J. , CLAUDY P. , LETOFFE J. M. , KOLLMANNSBERGER M. , BOUSQUET J.
Published: November 2023

Die Elemente Selen (I) und Fluor (II) vereinigen sich zu Selentetrafluorid (III), das mit Tellurdioxid (IV) das Selenoxyfluorid (V) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATION OF ALCOHOLS TO CARBONYL COMPOUNDS VIA ACI‐NITROESTERS
Authors: KIMURA J. , KAWASHIMA A. , SUGIZAKI M. , NEMOTO N. , MITSUNOBU O.
Published: November 2023

Die Alkohole (IV) reagieren mit den Nitrophenolen (III) in Gegenwart der Verbindungen (I) und (II) zu den aci‐Nitroestern (V), aus denen die Ketone (VII) durch Spaltung mit dem Diamin (VI) oder Triethylamin zugänglich sind.
ChemInform Abstract: ALCOHOL CARBONYLATION WITH PALLADIUM(II) COMPLEXES, EFFECTS OF LIGANDS, CARBON MONOXIDE, PRESSURE AND ADDED BASES
Authors: RIVETTI F. , ROMANO U.
Published: November 2023

Die Carbonylierung von Methanol mit Kohlenmonoxid in Gegenwart von Palladium(II)‐acetat zu Dimethyloxalat (II) und Dimethylcarbonat (III) wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: HOMOGENEOUS CATALYTIC ACTIVATION OF CARBON‐HYDROGEN BONDS. HYDROGEN‐DEUTERIUM EXCHANGE IN SATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
Authors: COLFER P. A. , FOGLIA T. A. , PFEFFER P. E.
Published: November 2023

An verschiedenen Carbonsäuren werden Deuterierungsreaktionen in Gegenwart von Katalysatoren wie Kalium‐platinchlorid vorgenommen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND THERMAL SOLID‐STATE POLYMERIZATION OF A NEW DIACETYLENE: 2,4‐HEXADIYNYLENE BIS(P‐FLUOROBENZENESULFONATE)
Authors: YEE K. C.
Published: November 2023

Aus dem entsprechenden Diol wird der Sulfonester (I) hergestellt, der im festen Zustand thermisch polymerisiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: A NOVEL RING ENLARGEMENT INVOLVING ELECTROPHILIC ATTACK ON THE DIENOLATE ANION DERIVED FROM 7,8‐BIS(TRIMETHYLSILYLOXY)‐CIS‐BICYCLO(4.2.0)OCTA‐3,7‐DIENE
Authors: CARPINO L. A. , TSAO J. H.
Published: November 2023

Mit Methyllithium wird der Bis‐trimethylsilylenolether (I) in das Bis‐lithio‐Derivat (II) gespalten und dieses mit Acetylchlorid behandelt, wobei über diskutierte Zwischenstufen das Umlagerungsprodukt (III) entsteht.
ChemInform Abstract: AZOLES. PART 6. 1‐AMINOMETHYL DERIVATIVES OF 6‐NITRO‐ AND 3‐CHLORO‐ OR 3 BROMO‐6‐NITROINDAZOLE
Authors: WRZECIONO U. , NIEWEGLOWSKA W. , SZOT M.
Published: November 2023

1‐Halogenmethylindazole (Ia), (Ic) und (Ie) tauschen beim Erhitzen mit Alkoholen leicht das Halogen gegen eine Alkoxygruppe unter Bildung von (Ib), (Id) und (If) aus.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF THIOPYRANO‐ AND PYRANO(4,3‐C)PYRAZOLES. STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION OF DEHYDRO COPRODUCTS
Authors: ROVNYAK G. C. , SHU V.
Published: November 2023

Das Bis‐benzyliden‐keton (I) kondensiert mit Propylhydrazin (II) zu Mischungen aus den Kondensaten (III) und geringen Mengen an (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: CESIUM SALTS IN CROWN ETHER SYNTHESIS. PREPARATION OF CROWN ETHERS FROM CATECHOL, RESORCINOL, SALICYLIC ACID, AND 2,3‐DIHYDROXYPYRIDINE
Authors: VAN KEULEN B. J. , KELLOGG R. M. , PIEPERS O.
Published: November 2023

Mit Cäsiumcarbonat erhält man aus den Phenolen (I) die Salze (II), die mit den Dibrompolyethylenglykolen (III) zu den Kronenethern (IV) führen.
ChemInform Abstract: SILICON IN SYNTHESIS. UNUSUAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF 4‐HYDROXYBUTENYLSILANES
Authors: EHLINGER E. , MAGNUS P.
Published: November 2023

Das Adamantanon (I) und Anion (II) bilden das Addukt (III), das mit N‐Bromsuccinimid unter gleichzeitigem Ringschluß zum Oxetan (IV) halogeniert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SYNTHESIS OF THE ISOPHOSPHINDOLINE SYSTEM
Authors: MIDDLEMAS E. D. , QUIN L. D.
Published: November 2023

Aus der Cyclohexen‐4,5‐dicarbonsäure (Ia) erhält man durch Reduktion des Diamids (Ib) ein Diamin (II), das über das N‐Oxid zum Dien (III) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,5‐DISELENA‐3,3,4,4‐TETRAFLUOROHEXANE AND 2,5‐DISELENA‐1,1,1,6,6,6‐HEXAFLUOROHEXANE AND THEIR PLATINUM AND PALLADIUM CHLORIDE COMPLEXES
Authors: BHASIN K. K. , CROSS R. J. , RYCROFT D. S. , SHARP D. W. A.
Published: November 2023

Dimethyldiselenid (I) reagiert über das Natriumselenid (II) mit Dibromtetrafluorethan (III) zum Diselenoether (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND OXIDATIVE DEMETALATION OF TWO NEW TUNGSTEN PORPHYRINS
Authors: FLEISCHER E. B. , CHAPMAN R. D. , KRISHNAMURTHY M.
Published: November 2023

Die Reaktion der Liganden mit W(CO)5 in siedendem DMF für 2‐3 Tage führt zur Bildung von Festkörpem, die bei Säulenchromatographie mit Methanol/Chfloroform (4: 1) bzw. NaClO4 die Komplexe (I) (keine Ausb.‐Angabe) bzw. (II) bilden.
ChemInform Abstract: CATIONIC BINUCLEAR “A‐FRAME” COMPLEXES OF RHODIUM(I) AND IRIDIUM(I)
Authors: MAGUE J. T. , SANGER A. R.
Published: November 2023

Die Reaktion des Komplexes (I) mit den Liganden (II) in äquimolarer Menge liefert in Gegenwart von Na[BPh4] die Kationen (IIIa) als Tetraphenylborate.
Awareness of high and pathological myopia among myopic patients in China: A cross‐sectional multicenter survey
Authors: Zhao Jing , Sun Bingqing , Zhang Zhe , Liu Fang , Shen Yang , Chen Zhi , Yao Peijun , Yang Fangwen , Qu Xiaomei , Yu Zhiqiang , Wang Xiaoying , Zhou Xingtao
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to investigate the awareness of high and pathological myopia among patients with high myopia. A cross‐sectional multicenter survey involving both physicians and patients was conducted between February and April 2021. The outpatient education status, doctors' expectations toward patient education, patients' awareness of high/pathological myopia, and their access to relevant knowledge were inquired, and the proportions of patients with myopia, including high and pathological myopia, were assessed. In total, the survey involved 6975 physicians and patients with myopia from 161 medical institutions in China. The prevalence of high myopia among patients was 11.3%, with 22.59% having pathological myopia. Among those with pathological myopia, 22.45% experienced high myopia complications. Approximately 48.7% of the physicians believed that patients had only a vague idea about high/pathological myopia, with certain misconceptions. Additionally, most outpatients (61.4%) had no access to specialized staff for patient education. Patients' preferences and requirements for online ophthalmology information varied based on family background, medical history, and cognition toward myopia. This study demonstrated that the awareness level among patients with myopia regarding high and pathological myopia is currently insufficient. Therefore, it is important to enhance education efforts to reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes.
Factors Impacting Follow‐Up Care in Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Gutierrez Jorge A. , Khan Sofia , Chapurin Nikita , Schlosser Rodney J. , Soler Zachary M.
Published: November 2023

Objective

The purpose of this study was to analyze barriers to medical care and follow‐up in patients with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS).

Study Design

Cross‐sectional questionnaire‐based study with retrospective chart review.

Setting

Tertiary Medical Center.

Methods

Subjects with AFRS and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) were prospectively recruited for completion of the Barriers to Care Questionnaire (BCQ) and formal chart review.

Results

Fifty‐nine AFRS and 51 CRSwNP patients participated. AFRS patients were more likely to be lost to follow‐up within 6 months of surgery (35.6% vs 17.7%, P = 0.04) and no‐show at least 1 appointment (20.3% vs 5.9%, P = 0.03) compared to CRSwNP patients. Men with AFRS were more likely to have only a single follow‐up visit (37.0% vs 3.1%, P < 0.001) and be lost to follow‐up (66.7% vs 9.4%, P < 0.001) than women. There were no significant differences in the BCQ between groups; however, rate of questionnaire completion was lower in the AFRS group than the CRS group (62.7% vs 80.4%, P = 0.042). AFRS patients who did not complete the BCQ were more likely to be male (63.6% vs 35.1%, P = 0.034), lost to follow‐up (77.3% vs 10.8%, P < 0.0001), and have a single follow‐up visit (40.9% vs 5.4%, P < 0.0001). Younger age was associated with increased likelihood of having a single follow‐up visit (odds ratio 1.143, 95% CI 1.022‐1.276).

Conclusion

Young, male AFRS patients are more frequently lost to follow‐up after surgery and less likely to complete questionnaires assessing barriers to care. Further investigation is needed to assess barriers to follow‐up in these at‐risk groups.
p‐GaN Selective Nitridation to Obtain a Normally Off p‐GaN Gate AlGaN/GaN High‐Electron‐Mobility Transistors
Authors: Lu Shaoqian , Yu Guohao , Sun Yingfei , Yuan Xu , Du Zhongkai , Zhang Bingliang , Wang Lu , Li Yu , Wu Dongdong , Huang Zengli , Zeng Zhongming , Qin Xulei , Zhang Baoshun
Published: November 2023

In this article, a method of nitrogen plasma treatment is proposed to achieve normally off p‐GaN/AlGaN/GaN high‐electron‐mobility transistors, and the related mechanism is proposed. A nitrogen plasma treatment is employed to deplete holes in the p‐GaN layer to change the surface characteristics. The transition of the p‐GaN layer from p‐type to n‐type results in the formation of the 2D electron gas at the AlGaN/GaN interface. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) testing and the fitting of mechanism for reverse gate leakage current both imply that the nitrogen plasma treatment has a beneficial effect on the surface condition. The device exhibits enhanced performance, with threshold voltage of 1.1 V, on/off ratio of 1 × 109, maximum drain current of 245 mA mm−1, and breakdown voltage of 1215 V.
Incorporation of Liquid Metal Gallium into Carbon Electrode for Efficient Charge Transportation in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yu Yongyue , Yang Yang , Hoang Minh Tam , Chiu Wei-Hsun , Pang Le , O’Mullane Anthony P. , Wang Hongxia
Published: November 2023

Carbon electrode‐based perovskite solar cells (C‐PSCs) exhibit a promising future for commercialization, due to their low cost, facile fabrication, and mass production potential. However, compared with metal‐based counter electrodes, carbon electrodes (CEs) often suffer from relatively low electrical conductivity, porous and rough morphology leading to poor interfacial contact with the underneath layer thereby restricting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of C‐PSCs. Herein, a simple approach is presented to prepare liquid metal/carbon composite electrodes by uniformly dispersing liquid gallium droplets into CEs to enhance both the electrical conductivity and interfacial contact between carbon and the adjacent layer. Compared to control devices without Ga, the Ga‐embedded carbon also creates a more favorable energy band alignment with the hole transport layer underneath for efficient hole transport, thus suppressing recombination at the interfaces. By optimizing the weight ratio between Ga and the carbon paste, the corresponding C‐PSCs deliver an optimum PCE of 13.99% with a higher fill factor (68.95%) compared to pristine C‐PSCs (PCE = 13.13%). In addition, the Ga‐containing devices demonstrate reinforced thermal stability with 65% efficiency retention after 1800 min under a thermal stress of 80 °C without encapsulation.
Fuzzy clustering of time series based on weighted conditional higher moments
Authors: Cerqueti Roy , D’Urso Pierpaolo , De Giovanni Livia , Mattera Raffaele , Vitale Vincenzina
Published: November 2023

This paper proposes a new approach to fuzzy clustering of time series based on the dissimilarity among conditional higher moments. A system of weights accounts for the relevance of each conditional moment in defining the clusters. Robustness against outliers is also considered by extending the above clustering method using a suitable exponential transformation of the distance measure defined on the conditional higher moments. To show the usefulness of the proposed approach, we provide a study with simulated data and an empirical application to the time series of stocks included in the FTSEMIB 30 Index.
Simulation test study on filling flow law of gangue slurry in goaf
Authors: Shi Zhanshan , Zhao Hanwei , Liang Bing , Sun Weiji , Wang Jian , Fang Shengjie
Published: November 2023

The disposal and utilization of solid waste of coal gangue is one of the main problems in coal mining in China. Injecting coal gangue into goaf in the form of slurry can effectively solve the problems of ground stacking and environmental pollution prevention. In order to obtain the flow law of gangue slurry in the void of the accumulated rock in the goaf, a visualization simulation test device for gangue slurry permeation grouting in the goaf was independently designed. The flow and diffusion characteristics, flow and diffusion velocity changes, void pressure changes, and viscosity changes of three mass concentrations (76%, 78%, 80%) of gangue slurry in the void between caved rock blocks in goaf were studied by visual grouting simulation test. The results show that: (1) The seepage process of gangue slurry in the goaf simulation test is divided into three diffusion forms, namely radial diffusion, axial diffusion, and bidirectional diffusion. The three diffusion forms are interrelated and inseparable. (2) The initial flow velocity of the slurry with different concentrations is different under the same permeation grouting pressure, and the higher the slurry concentration, the smaller the initial flow velocity of the slurry. The velocity of the slurry has a nonlinear relationship with the diffusion distance of the slurry. (3) With the permeation and diffusion of slurry, pressure sensors at different positions are subjected to pressure from bottom to top and enter the pressure boost stage, gradually forming stress peaks. When the slurry exceeds the position of the pressure sensor, the pressure on the pressure sensor is weakened and begins to enter the pressure relief stage, and the stress decline trend gradually becomes gentle with time. (4) The water loss effect occurs during slurry flow interaction with rock mass, resulting in slurry viscosity increasing. The viscosity of the slurry affects the difference in the amount of viscosity change. The research results can provide a certain theoretical basis for the goaf gangue slurry filling project.
Years of life lost and long-term outcomes due to glomerular disease in a Southeast Asian Cohort
Authors: Janphram Chitimaporn , Worawichawong Suchin , Assanatham Montira , Nongnuch Arkom , Thotsiri Sansanee , Udomsubpayakul Umaporn , Wimolluck Surangkana , Poomjun Naparada , Ingsathit Atiporn , Disthabanchong Sinee , Sumethkul Vasant , Aekplakorn Wichai , Chalermsanyakorn Panas , Kitiyakara Chagriya
Published: November 2023

Death and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) are major outcomes of glomerular disease. (GD) The years of potential life lost (YLL) may provide additional insight into the disease burden beyond death rates. There is limited data on premature mortality in GD. In this retrospective observational cohort study, we evaluated the mortality, ESKD rates, and YLL in Thais with biopsy-proven GD. The mortality and combined outcome rates were determined by log-rank test and ESKD by using a competing risk model. YLL and premature life lost before age 60 were calculated for different GD based on the life expectancy of the Thai population. Patients with GD (n = 949) were followed for 5237 patient years. The death rate and ESKD rates (95%CI) were 4.2 (3.7–4.9) and 3.3 (2.9–3.9) per 100 patient-years, respectively. Paraprotein-related kidney disease had the highest death rate, and diabetic nephropathy had the highest ESKD rate. Despite not having the highest death rate, lupus nephritis (LN) had the highest YLL (41% of all GD) and premature loss of life before age 60. In conclusion, YLL provided a different disease burden assessment compared to mortality rates and identified LN as the major cause of premature death due to GD in a Southeast Asian cohort.
Single image denoising based on adaptive fusion dual‐domain network
Authors: Jiang Zhiwei , Xue Zhizhong , Wang Jue , Hu Yibiao , Zheng Qiufu
Published: November 2023

Deep learning‐based‐image denoising methods have recently achieved excellent performance by learning non‐linear mapping in the spatial domain. However, these methods fail to address the noise without specific distribution because they only use features of the spatial domain. Meanwhile, existing methods that utilize features in the frequency domain fail to combine the detailed information of both domains properly for effective reconstruction and demonstrate poor generalization. Therefore, a novel adaptive fusion dual‐domain network (AFDN) is introduced for single image restoration. Different from deep learning‐based methods, which operate on the spatial or dual‐domains in a certain order, the proposed AFDN combine the spatial‐domain image and corresponding frequency‐domain image as the input and use the interlacing dual‐domain module with flexible adaptability to learn the relationship between spatial and frequency domains. In experimental results, the AFDN is compared with several state‐of‐the‐art restoration methods. Quantitative results showed that the AFDN achieves enhanced effects and high index values. The code of this paper will be released at https://github.com/jzw0707/AFDN
A DenseNet‐based feature weighting convolutional network recognition model and its application in industrial part classification
Authors: An Kang , Sun Xiaoqing , Song Yaqing , Lu Yebin , Shangguan Qianqian
Published: November 2023

Traditional warehousing typically needs machine learning or manual tagging to classify objects. However, this method is less robust and consumes a lot of labour and material resources. Based on DenseNet, this work proposes a feature weighting convolutional network recognition model and designs a set of software and hardware for data acquisition, which is applied to the efficient classification of industrial parts in warehouse management. Firstly, this work modifies DenseNet by embedding SE‐Block, and replaces the cross‐entropy loss function with the focus loss function to optimize the model structure. Secondly, a multi‐view hardware and software acquisition system is designed to complete the functions of part image acquisition, image preprocessing, model training and part recognition. Finally, an industrial parts sorting experiment was designed. Compared with the original DenseNet model, the proposed weighted convolutional network identification model showed that the accuracy of the modified model was increased by 3.09% and the convergence rate was significantly improved. The modified model proposed in this work aims to improve the recognition accuracy of industrial parts in modern warehouse management, so as to modify the classification efficiency of warehouse parts in production.
The client and family experience of attending a nurse-led clinic for chronic wounds
Authors: Dhar Anusuya , Needham Judith , Gibb Michelle , Coyne Elisabeth
Published: November 2023

Background The quality of life for individuals with chronic wounds is diminished due to poor health-related outcomes and the financial burden of wound care. The literature has shown nurse-led wound care to have a positive impact on wound healing and psychosocial wellbeing. However, there is minimal research investigating the lived experience of attending a nurse-led clinic for chronic wounds. The purpose of this study was to explore the client and family experience of attending a nurse-led clinic for chronic wounds. Methods Qualitative descriptive study. Semi-structured telephone interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis was undertaken. Results Twelve clients and two family members participated, and the average length of interviews was 20 min. Three main themes emerged: (1) expecting and managing pain; (2) receiving expert advice and reflecting on previous care; and (3) managing the cost of care. There was an emphasis on the impact of chronic wounds on pain and the ability to complete the activities of daily living. Expert advice, client satisfaction and physical accessibility were highlighted as benefits of the clinic. Cost and minimal client education were identified as challenges of the clinic. Conclusions The findings demonstrated that chronic wounds have a significant impact on the client and family attending the nurse-led clinic. Comprehensive pain assessment, improved social support, better client education and cost-effective care is required to optimise the experience for people attending the nurse-led clinic.