bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exhibiting War
Authors: Wellington Jennifer
Published: September 2017

What does it mean to display war? Examining a range of different exhibitions in Britain, Canada and Australia, Jennifer Wellington reveals complex imperial dynamics in the ways these countries developed diverging understandings of the First World War, despite their cultural, political and institutional similarities. While in Britain a popular narrative developed of the conflict as a tragic rupture with the past, Australia and Canada came to see it as engendering national birth through violence. Narratives of the war's meaning were deliberately constructed by individuals and groups pursuing specific agendas: to win the war and immortalise it at the same time. Drawing on a range of documentary and visual material, this book analyses how narratives of mass violence changed over time. Emphasising the contingent development of national and imperial war museums, it illuminates the way they acted as spaces in which official, academic and popular representations of this violent past intersect.
Female Islamic Education Movements
Authors: Bano Masooda
Published: September 2017

Since the 1970s, movements aimed at giving Muslim women access to the serious study of Islamic texts have emerged across the world. In this book, Masooda Bano argues that the creative spirit that marked the rise and consolidation of Islam, whereby Islam inspired serious intellectual engagement to create optimal societal institutions, can be found within these education movements. Drawing on rich ethnographic material from Pakistan, northern Nigeria and Syria, Bano questions the restricted notion of agency associated with these movements, exploring the educational networks which have attracted educated, professional and culturally progressive Muslim women to textual study, thus helping to reverse the most damaging legacy of colonial rule in Muslim societies: the isolation of modern and Islamic knowledge. With its comparative approach, this will appeal to those studying and researching the role of women across Africa, the Middle East and South Asia, as well as the wider Muslim world.
Relationship between the heat transfer law and the scalar dissipation function in a turbulent channel flow
Authors: Abe Hiroyuki , Antonia Robert Anthony
Published: September 2017

Integration across a fully developed turbulent channel flow of the transport equations for the mean and turbulent parts of the scalar dissipation rate yields relatively simple relations for the bulk mean scalar and wall heat transfer coefficient. These relations are tested using direct numerical simulation datasets obtained with two isothermal boundary conditions (constant heat flux and constant heating source) and a molecular Prandtl numberProf 0.71. A logarithmic dependence on the Kármán number$h^{+}$is established for the integrated mean scalar in the range$h^{+}\geqslant 400$where the mean part of the total scalar dissipation exhibits near constancy, whilst the integral of the turbulent scalar dissipation rate$\overline{\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}}}$increases logarithmically with$h^{+}$. This logarithmic dependence is similar to that established in a previous paper (Abe & Antonia,J. Fluid Mech., vol. 798, 2016, pp. 140–164) for the bulk mean velocity. However, the slope (2.18) for the integrated mean scalar is smaller than that (2.54) for the bulk mean velocity. The ratio of these two slopes is 0.85, which can be identified with the value of the turbulent Prandtl number in the overlap region. It is shown that the logarithmic$h^{+}$increase of the integrated mean scalar is intrinsically associated with the overlap region of$\overline{\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}}}$, established for$h^{+}$(${\geqslant}400$). The resulting heat transfer law also holds at a smaller$h^{+}$(${\geqslant}200$) than that derived by assuming a log law for the mean temperature.
Effect of surface contamination on interfacial mass transfer rate
Authors: Wissink J. G. , Herlina H. , Akar Y. , Uhlmann M.
Published: September 2017

The influence of surface contamination upon the mass transfer rate of a low diffusivity gas across a flat surface is studied using direct numerical simulations. The interfacial mass transfer is driven by isotropic turbulence diffusing from below. Similar to Shen et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 506, 2004, pp. 79–115) the surface contamination is modelled by relating the normal gradient of the horizontal velocities at the top to the horizontal gradients of the surfactant concentrations. A broad range of contamination levels is considered, including clean to severely contaminated conditions. The time-averaged results show a strong correlation between the gas transfer velocity and the clean surface fraction of the surface area. In the presence of surface contamination the mass transfer velocity $K_{L}$ is found to scale as a power of the Schmidt number, i.e. $Sc^{-q}$, where $q$ smoothly transitions from $q=1/2$ for clean surfaces to $q=2/3$ for very dirty interfaces. A power law $K_{L}\propto Sc^{-q}$ is proposed in which both the exponent $q$ and the constant of proportionality become functions of the clean surface fraction.
Sharp acceleration of a macroscopic contact line induced by a particle
Authors: Mu Lizhong , Kondo Daichi , Inoue Motochika , Kaneko Toshihiro , Yoshikawa Harunori N. , Zoueshtiagh Farzam , Ueno Ichiro
Published: September 2017

Wetting of a planar solid substrate is investigated in the presence of a macroscopic particle in the complete wetting regime. A drop of silicone oil spreads on the substrate and its macroscopic edge is incident on the particle at the late stage of spreading. The drop–particle interaction is observed in detail by shadowgraph and interferometry. Although the spreading drop edge is pinned by the particle for a short time, a sharp acceleration occurs when the liquid starts wetting the extra surface area offered by the particle and forming a meniscus. This process yields a net gain in spreading speed. A theoretical model based on the classical wetting dynamics dictated by Cox’s law is developed. It predicts that the capillary energy of the meniscus gives rise to a rapid motion of the liquid edge, showing good agreement with the dynamics observed in the experiments.
The Pacification of Elite Lifestyles: State Formation, Elite Reproduction, and the Practice of Hunting in Early Modern England
Authors: Stuart Brundage Jonah
Published: September 2017

What explains the remarkable metamorphosis of elites from warrior nobilities into well-mannered aristocrats in early modern Europe? Existing accounts emphasize the coercive force of emerging states or the novel enticements of royal courts. Well suited to the paradigmatic case of early modern France, such arguments fail to explain cases, like England, in which elites developed pacified lifestyles in the absence of a dominant royal court and largely prior to the monopolization of physical force. This essay shows that explaining such cases requires greater attention to the historical variability of elites’ own interests and strategies. I argue that European elites (also) developed pacified lifestyles insofar as they came to reproduce themselves through strategies that operated without their personal use of physical violence (including, but not limited to, royal courts). Such strategies were contingent on varying configurations of inter-elite and elite–non-elite relations. I employ this perspective to explain the marginalization of violent skills and codes in the lifestyles of early modern English elites, focusing empirically on the practice of hunting, a defining ritual of elite lifestyles. The hunting evidence suggests that the landed gentry were the first English elite to develop a pacified lifestyle. Yet the gentry were neither subject to the coercion of a centralized state nor incorporated into a court society. Instead, I show that the gentry—and later, the nobility and monarchy—developed pacified lifestyles because they came to reproduce themselves through legal strategies, the successful performance of which required nonviolent skills and habits.
Challenging Global Geographies of Power: Sending Children back to Nigeria from the United Kingdom for Education
Authors: Kea Pamela , Maier Katrin
Published: September 2017

West Africans have a long history of investing in their children's education by sending them to Britain. Yet, some young British-Nigerians are being sent to Nigeria for secondary education, going against a long historical grain. The movement of children from London to Nigeria is about the making of good subjects who possess particular cultural dispositions and behave in such a manner as to ensure educational success and the reproduction of middle-class subjectivities within neoliberal globalization. We maintain that this movement highlights the way in which global geographies of power—rooted in a colony-metropole divide—are being challenged and reconfigured, serving to provincialize the UK, through the educational choices that Nigerian parents make for their children. Such small acts disrupt imagined geographies and particular spatial and temporal configurations of progress and modernity, in which former colonial subjects have traveled to the metropole for education, while generating counter-narratives about Nigerian education, society, and economy. Yet, the methods used to instill new dispositions and habits in the contemporary Nigerian educational context are informed by the British educational colonial legacy of discipline through corporal punishment—physical punishment was central to the civilizing mission of British colonial educational policy. Consequently, the choice to send children to school in Nigeria and other African countries both challenges global geographies of power and illuminates the continued relevance of the colonial educational legacy and its disciplinary strategies, which are, in turn, part of the broader project of modernity itself.
Bedeutung des Mediums Video bei der Ausbildung
Authors: Trips Tobias
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung. Video-basiertes Lernen hat seit etlichen Jahren Einzug in viele Bereiche der Medizin gehalten. In dieser Übersicht werden Erfahrungen mit Video-Aufzeichnungen dargestellt und die Auswirkungen auf die Lernenden und die tägliche Praxis analysiert. Insbesondere sollen Video-Aufzeichnungen im Rahmen von Simulationstrainings näher beleuchtet werden.
Meis2 as a critical player in MN1-induced leukemia
Authors: Lai C K , Norddahl G L , Maetzig T , Rosten P , Lohr T , Sanchez Milde L , von Krosigk N , Docking T R , Heuser M , Karsan A , Humphries R K
Published: September 2017

Meningioma 1 (MN1) is an independent prognostic marker for normal karyotype acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with high expression linked to all-trans retinoic acid resistance and poor survival.MN1is also a potent and sufficient oncogene in murine leukemia models, strongly dependent on the MEIS1/AbdB-like HOX protein complex to transform common myeloid progenitors, block myeloid differentiation, and promote leukemic stem cell self-renewal. To identify key genes and pathways underlying leukemic activity, we functionally assessed MN1 cell phenotypic heterogeneity, revealing leukemic and non-leukemic subsets. Using gene expression profiling of these subsets combined with previously published comparisons of full-length MN1 and mutants with varying leukemogenic activity, we identified candidate genes critical to leukemia. Functional analysis identifiedHlfandHoxa9as critical to MN1in vitroproliferation, self-renewal and impaired myeloid differentiation. Although critical to transformation,Meis1knockdown had little impact on these propertiesin vitro. However, we identifiedMeis2as critical to MN1-induced leukemia, with essential roles in proliferation, self-renewal, impairment of differentiation and disease progressionin vitroandin vivo. Here, we provide evidence of phenotypic and functional hierarchy in MN1-induced leukemic cells, characterise contributions ofHlf,Hoxa9andMeis1toin vitroleukemic properties, and revealMeis2as a novel player in MN1-induced leukemogenesis.
Cystic fibrosis swine fail to secrete airway surface liquid in response to inhalation of pathogens
Authors: Luan Xiaojie , Belev George , Tam Julian S. , Jagadeeshan Santosh , Hassan Noman , Gioino Paula , Grishchenko Nikolay , Huang Yanyun , Carmalt James L. , Duke Tanya , Jones Teela , Monson Bev , Burmester Monique , Simovich Tomer , Yilmaz Orhan , Campanucci Veronica A. , Machen Terry E. , Chapman L. Dean , Ianowski Juan P.
Published: September 2017

Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel, which can result in chronic lung disease. The sequence of events leading to lung disease is not fully understood but recent data show that the critical pathogenic event is the loss of the ability to clear bacteria due to abnormal airway surface liquid secretion (ASL). However, whether the inhalation of bacteria triggers ASL secretion and whether this is abnormal in cystic fibrosis has never been tested. Here we show, using a novel synchrotron-based in vivo imaging technique, that wild-type pigs display both a basal and a Toll-like receptor-mediated ASL secretory response to the inhalation of cystic fibrosis relevant bacteria. Both mechanisms fail in CFTR−/− swine, suggesting that cystic fibrosis airways do not respond to inhaled pathogens, thus favoring infection and inflammation that may eventually lead to tissue remodeling and respiratory disease.
CXCL6 is an important paracrine factor in the pro-angiogenic human cardiac progenitor-like cell secretome
Authors: Torán José Luis , Aguilar Susana , López Juan Antonio , Torroja Carlos , Quintana Juan Antonio , Santiago Cesar , Abad José Luis , Gomes-Alves Patricia , Gonzalez Andrés , Bernal Juan Antonio , Jiménez-Borreguero Luis Jesús , Alves Paula Marques , R-Borlado Luis , Vázquez Jesús , Bernad Antonio
Published: September 2017

Studies in recent years have established that the principal effects in cardiac cell therapy are associated with paracrine/autocrine factors. We combined several complementary techniques to define human cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) secretome constituted by 914 proteins/genes; 51% of these are associated with the exosomal compartment. To define the set of proteins specifically or highly differentially secreted by CPC, we compared human mesenchymal stem cells and dermal fibroblasts; the study defined a group of growth factors, cytokines and chemokines expressed at high to medium levels by CPC. Among them, IL-1, GROa (CXCL1), CXCL6 (GCP2) and IL-8 are examples whose expression was confirmed by most techniques used. ELISA showed that CXCL6 is significantly overexpressed in CPC conditioned medium (CM) (18- to 26-fold) and western blot confirmed expression of its receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. Addition of anti-CXCL6 completely abolished migration in CPC-CM compared with anti-CXCR2, which promoted partial inhibition, and anti-CXCR1, which was inefficient. Anti-CXCL6 also significantly inhibited CPC CM angiogenic activity. In vivo evaluation also supported a relevant role for angiogenesis. Altogether, these results suggest a notable angiogenic potential in CPC-CM and identify CXCL6 as an important paracrine factor for CPC that signals mainly through CXCR2.
Ginsenosides Rb3 and Rd reduce polyps formation while reinstate the dysbiotic gut microbiota and the intestinal microenvironment in ApcMin/+ mice
Authors: Huang Guoxin , Khan Imran , Li Xiaoang , Chen Lei , Leong Waikit , Ho Leung Tsun , Hsiao W. L. Wendy
Published: September 2017

Studies showed that manipulation of gut microbiota (GM) composition through the treatment of prebiotics could be a novel preventive measure against colorectal cancer (CRC) development. In this study, for the first time, we assessed the non-toxic doses of the triterpene saponins (ginsenoside-Rb3 and ginsenoside-Rd) – as prebiotics – that effectively reinstated the dysbiotic-gut microbial composition and intestinal microenvironment in an ApcMin/+ mice model. Rb3 and Rd effectively reduced the size and the number of the polyps that accompanied with the downregulation of oncogenic signaling molecules (iNOS, STAT3/pSTAT3, Src/pSrc). Both the compounds improved the gut epithelium by promoting goblet and Paneth cells population and reinstating the E-cadherin and N-Cadherin expression. Mucosal immunity remodeled with increased in anti-inflammatory cytokines and reduced in pro-inflammatory cytokines in treated mice. All these changes were correlating with the promoted growth of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Bacteroides xylanisolvens. Whereas, the abundance of cancer cachexia associated bacteria, such as Dysgonomonas spp. and Helicobacter spp., was profoundly lower in Rb3/Rd-treated mice. In conclusion, ginsenosides Rb3 and Rd exerted anti-cancer effects by holistically reinstating mucosal architecture, improving mucosal immunity, promoting beneficial bacteria, and down-regulating cancer-cachexia associated bacteria.
Laser-Generated Proton Beams for High-Precision Ultra-Fast Crystal Synthesis
Authors: Barberio M. , Scisciò M. , Vallières S. , Veltri S. , Morabito A. , Antici P.
Published: September 2017

We present a method for the synthesis of micro-crystals and micro-structured surfaces using laser-accelerated protons. In this method, a solid surface material having a low melting temperature is irradiated with very-short laser-generated protons, provoking in the ablation process thermodynamic conditions that are between the boiling and the critical point. The intense and very quick proton energy deposition (in the ns range) induces an explosive boiling and produces microcrystals that nucleate in a plasma plume composed by ions and atoms detached from the laser-irradiated surface. The synthesized particles in the plasma plume are then deposited onto a cold neighboring, non-irradiated, solid secondary surface. We experimentally verify the synthesizing methods by depositing low-melting-material microcrystals - such as gold - onto nearby silver surfaces and modeling the proton/matter interaction via a Monte Carlo code, confirming that we are in the above described thermodynamic conditions. Morphological and crystallinity measurements indicate the formation of gold octahedral crystals with dimensions around 1.2 μm, uniformly distributed onto a silver surface with dimensions in the tens of mm2. This laser-accelerated particle based synthesis method paves the way for the development of new material synthesis using ultrashort laser-accelerated particle beams.
Engineered optical properties of silver-aluminum alloy nanoparticles embedded in SiON matrix for maximizing light confinement in plasmonic silicon solar cells
Authors: Parashar Piyush K. , Komarala Vamsi K.
Published: September 2017

Self-assembled silver-aluminum (Ag-Al) alloy nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in SiO2, Si3N4, and SiON dielectric thin film matrices explored as a hybrid plasmonic structure for silicon solar cells to maximize light confinement. The Ag2Al NPs prepared by ex-vacuo solid-state dewetting, and alloy formation confirmed by X-ray diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Nanoindentation by atomic force microscopy revealed better surface adhesion of alloy NPs on silicon surface than Ag NPs due to the Al presence. The SiON spacer layer/Ag2Al NPs reduced silicon average reflectance from 22.7% to 9.2% due to surface plasmonic and antireflection effects. The SiON capping layer on NPs reduced silicon reflectance from 9.2% to 3.6% in wavelength region 300–1150 nm with preferential forward light scattering due to uniform Coulombic restoring force on NPs’ surface. Minimum reflectance and parasitic absorptance from 35 nm SiON/Ag2Al NPs/25 nm SiON structure reflected in plasmonic cell’s photocurrent enhancement from 26.27 mA/cm2 (of bare cell) to 34.61 mA/cm2 due to the better photon management. Quantum efficiency analysis also showed photocurrent enhancement of cell in surface plasmon resonance and off-resonance regions of NPs. We also quantified dielectric thin film antireflection and alloy NPs plasmonic effects separately in cell photocurrent enhancement apart from hybrid plasmonic structure role.
Nonuniform subduction of the Indian crust beneath the Himalayas
Authors: Guo Xiaoyu , Li Wenhui , Gao Rui , Xu Xiao , Li Hongqiang , Huang Xingfu , Ye Zhuo , Lu Zhanwu , Klemperer Simon L.
Published: September 2017

Himalayan tectonic activity is triggered by downward penetration of the Indian plate beneath the Asian plate. The subsurface geometry of this interaction has not been fully investigated. This study presents novel constraints on this geometry provided by two newly obtained, deep seismic reflection profiles. The profiles cover 100- and 60-km transects across the Yarlung-Zangbo suture of the Himalaya-Tibet orogen at c. 88°E. Both profiles show a crustal-scale outline of the subducting Indian crust. This outline clearly shows Indian understhrusting southern Tibet, but only to a limited degree. When combined with a third seismic reflection profile of the western Himalayas, the new profiles reveal progressive, eastward steepening and shortening in the horizontal advance of the subducting Indian crust.
Transfer of marine mercury to mountain lakes
Authors: Hansson Sophia V. , Sonke Jeroen , Galop Didier , Bareille Gilles , Jean Séverine , Le Roux Gaël
Published: September 2017

Stocking is a worldwide activity on geographical and historical scales. The rate of non-native fish introductions have more than doubled over the last decades yet the effect on natural ecosystems, in the scope of biologically mediated transport and biomagnification of Hg and Hg-isotopes, is unknown. Using geochemistry (THg) and stable isotopes (N, Sr and Hg), we evaluate natal origin and trophic position of brown trout (Salmo trutta fario), as well as mercury biomagnification trends and potential pollution sources to three high-altitude lakes. Farmed trout show Hg-isotope signatures similar to marine biota whereas wild trout shows Hg-isotope signatures typical of fresh water lakes. Stocked trout initially show Hg-isotope signatures similar to marine biota. As the stocked trout age and shifts diet to a higher trophic level, THg concentrations increase and the marine Hg isotope signatures, induced via farm fish feed, shift to locally produced MeHg with lower δ202Hg and higher Δ199Hg. We conclude that stocking acts a humanly induced biovector that transfers marine Hg to freshwater ecosystems, which is seen in the Hg-isotopic signature up to five years after stocking events occurred. This points to the need of further investigations of the role of stocking in MeHg exposure to freshwater ecosystems.
A ratiometric electrochemical strategy for sensitive determination of Furin activity based on dual signal amplification and antifouling nanosurfaces
Authors: Yao Dazhi , Zhao Wenqi , Zhang Limin , Tian Yang
Published: September 2017

Developing a sensitive and accurate method for Furin activity is still the bottleneck for understanding the role played by Furin in cell-surface systems and even in Alzheimer's disease.
CNT-anchored cellulose fluorescent nanofiber membranes as a fluorescence sensor for Cu2+ and Cr3+
Authors: Gu Yao , Wang Meiling , Li Guizhen
Published: September 2017

1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone (1,4-DHAQ, a fluorophore) doped carbon nanotubes@cellulose (1,4-DHAQ-doped CNTs@CL) nanofibrous membranes have been prepared via electrospinning and subsequent deacetylation in this work.
Chemical reduction of CO2facilitated by C-nucleophiles
Authors: Janes Trevor , Yang Yanxin , Song Datong
Published: September 2017

This feature article describes recent advances in chemical reduction of CO2facilitated by carbon-based molecular nucleophiles.
The design of peptide-grafted graphene oxide targeting the actin cytoskeleton for efficient cancer therapy
Authors: Yu Qilin , Zhang Bing , Li Jianrong , Li Mingchun
Published: September 2017

Graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets grafted with actin targeting and cell penetrating peptides were designed.
Disentangling the effect of seed size and crystal habit on gold nanoparticle seeded growth
Authors: González-Rubio Guillermo , de Oliveira Thais Milagres , Altantzis Thomas , La Porta Andrea , Guerrero-Martínez Andrés , Bals Sara , Scarabelli Leonardo , Liz-Marzán Luis. M.
Published: September 2017

Oxidative etching was used to produce gold seeds of different sizes and crystal habits.
Four CuI(ett) coordination polymorphs and changes in XRD upon hydrothermal condition optimization
Authors: Tao Ye , Li You , Pang Xu-Hong , Li Hai-Ye , Huang Fu-Ping , Qin Huang-Fei , Bian He-Dong
Published: September 2017

Four [CuI(ett)]n coordination polymorphs (1-α, 1-β, 1-γ and 1-δ), based on 5-(ethylthio)-1H-tetrazole (Hett), have been prepared successfully.
Quantum chemical investigation of the thermal denitrogenation of 1-pyrazoline
Authors: Pradhan Renuka , Lourderaj Upakarasamy
Published: September 2017

CASPT2//CASSCF(12,12) calculations reveal that a synchronous path is favourable for the denitrogenation of 1-pyrazoline.
Exploring the coherent interaction in a hybrid system of hollow gold nanoprisms and cyanine dye J-aggregates: role of plasmon-hybridization mediated local electric-field enhancement
Authors: Das Kamalika , Hazra Bidhan , Chandra Manabendra
Published: September 2017

In this work, we probed the possibility of observing strong plasmon–exciton interactions in hollow gold nanoprism–J-aggregate nanocomposites.
Size-dependent Raman shift of semiconductor nanomaterials determined using bond number and strength
Authors: Li H. , He X. W. , Xiao H. J. , Du H. N. , Wang J. , Zhang H. X.
Published: September 2017

Significant variations in Raman shifts with decreasing material size,D, have been detected in Raman spectroscopy.
The influence of the concentration and adsorption sites of different chemical groups on graphene through first principles simulations
Authors: Tonel M. Z. , Lara I. V. , Zanella I. , Fagan S. B.
Published: September 2017

The properties of graphene can be controlled through the type, concentration and bonding site of chemical functional groups.
Nanostructured N-doped orthorhombic Nb2O5 as an efficient stable photocatalyst for hydrogen generation under visible light
Authors: Kulkarni Aniruddha K. , Praveen C. S. , Sethi Yogesh A. , Panmand Rajendra P. , Arbuj Sudhir S. , Naik Sonali D. , Ghule Anil V. , Kale Bharat B.
Published: September 2017

The synthesis of orthorhombic Nb2O5−xNx nanostructured photocatalyst for excellent hydrogen production via H2S and water splitting under sunlight has been demonstrated.
New supporting ligands in actinide chemistry: tetramethyltetraazaannulene complexes with thorium and uranium
Authors: Hohloch Stephan , Garner Mary E. , Parker Bernard F. , Arnold John
Published: September 2017

We report the synthesis, characterization, and preliminary reactivity of new heteroleptic thorium and uranium complexes supported by the macrocyclic TMTAA ligand (TMTAA = Tetramethyl-tetra-aza-annulene).
Symmetrical or non-symmetrical luminescent turnstiles based on hydroquinone stators and rotors bearing pyridyl or p-dimethylaminopyridyl coordinating units
Authors: Godde Bérangère , Jouaiti Abdelaziz , Fluck Audrey , Kyritsakas Nathalie , Mauro Matteo , Hosseini Mir Wais
Published: September 2017

Luminescent symmetrical and non-symmetrical molecular turnstiles based on hydroquinone stators and rotors bearing coordinating units are reported.
A pair of 3D enantiotopic zinc(ii) complexes based on two asymmetric achiral ligands
Authors: Zhang Ming-Dao , Li Yan-Le , Shi Zhen-Zhen , Zheng He-Gen , Ma Jing
Published: September 2017

Two 3D enantiotopic chiral metal–organic frameworks, with ferroelectric behaviors and second-order nonlinear optical effects, were constructed based on achiral ligands in one pot with high enantiomeric excess owing to the hydrogen bonds.
Variations in serum concentrations of selected organochlorines among delivering women in Argentina. The EMASAR study
Authors: Hansen Solrunn , Nieboer Evert , Bravo Natalia , Økland Inger , Matiocevich Silvinia , Alvarez Marisa Viviana , Nilsen Stein Tore , Grimalt Joan O. , Odland Jon Øyvind
Published: September 2017

The EMASAR study is the first study to describe the body burden of OCs in Argentinian women after delivery.
Hydrogels that listen to cells: a review of cell-responsive strategies in biomaterial design for tissue regeneration
Authors: Ooi H. W. , Hafeez S. , van Blitterswijk C. A. , Moroni L. , Baker M. B.
Published: September 2017

This review discusses the recent advances and design principles for dynamic and cell-responsive hydrogels – biomaterials that respond to locally produced stimuli in and around cells or tissues without external influence.
A simple and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of sodium hexametaphosphate based on the Tb(iii)–TATAB complex
Authors: Li Wei , Ran Guihua , Zhao Xijuan , Li Yuanfang
Published: September 2017

A “turn-off” fluorometric detection method for sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) with a terbium(iii) complex of 4,4′,4′′-((1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)-tris(azanediyl))-tribenzoic acid (H3TATAB) is developed.
New metal-free catalytic degradation systems with carbon dots for thymol blue
Authors: Zheng Cui , An Xueqin , Yin Tianxiang
Published: September 2017

A metal-free catalytic system with carbon dots as a catalyst for thymol blue degradation in slightly alkaline aqueous media.
Combined experimental/theoretical study on d-glucosamine promoted regioselective sulfenylation of indoles catalyzed by copper
Authors: Ge Xin , Sun Fengli , Liu Xuemin , Chen Xinzhi , Qian Chao , Zhou Shaodong
Published: September 2017

A combined experimental/theoretical investigation on the d-glucosamine promoted sulfenylation of indoles at the C3 position with sodium sulfinates catalyzed by copper is presented.
Electrically tunable tunneling rectification magnetoresistance in magnetic tunneling junctions with asymmetric barriers
Authors: Wang Jing , Huang Qikun , Shi Peng , Zhang Kun , Tian Yufeng , Yan Shishen , Chen Yanxue , Liu Guolei , Kang Shishou , Mei Liangmo
Published: September 2017

Tunneling rectification magnetoresistance is demonstrated in magnetic tunneling junctions with asymmetric barriers by combining rectification and tunneling magnetoresistance effects.
Reversible and irreversible aggregation of magnetic liposomes
Authors: García-Jimeno Sonia , Estelrich Joan , Callejas-Fernández José , Roldán-Vargas Sándalo
Published: September 2017

Magnetic vesicles are among the most promising nanodevices used in nanomedical diagnosis and therapy. Here we reveal the complex interaction scenario involved in their aggregation in solution when a controllable external magnetic field is applied.
Dealloying-directed synthesis of efficient mesoporous CoFe-based catalysts towards the oxygen evolution reaction and overall water splitting
Authors: Han Lulu , Dong Chaoqun , Zhang Chi , Gao Yulai , Zhang Jie , Gao Hui , Wang Ying , Zhang Zhonghua
Published: September 2017

We propose a facile one-step dealloying strategy to synthesize mesoporous CoFe-based nanomaterials as efficient water splitting electrocatalysts.
Total synthesis of (−)-aritasone via the ultra-high pressure hetero-Diels–Alder dimerisation of (−)-pinocarvone
Authors: Uroos Maliha , Pitt Phillip , Harwood Laurence M. , Lewis William , Blake Alexander J. , Hayes Christopher J.
Published: September 2017

The total synthesis of aritasone via the proposed biosyntheic hetero-Diels–Alder [4 + 2] cyclodimerisation of pinocarvove, has been achieved under ultra-high pressure (19.9 kbar) conditions.
Methacrylate-ended polypeptides and polypeptoids for antimicrobial and antifouling coatings
Authors: Gao Qiang , Li Peng , Zhao Hongyang , Chen Yashao , Jiang Liu , Ma Peter X.
Published: September 2017

Methacrylate-terminated polypept(o)ides were directly synthesized via NCA-ROP, and then surface-grafted to form a polymer brush coating with infection-resistant efficacy.
Brominated graphene as a versatile precursor for multifunctional grafting
Authors: Au Heather , Rubio Noelia , Shaffer Milo S. P.
Published: September 2017

A non-destructive and versatile chemical reduction method was used to dissolve and subsequently brominate few-layer graphene sheets (FLGs). The brominated FLGs provide a convenient precursor for the synthesis of a variety of directly functionalised graphenes.
Tunable hydrodynamics: a field-frequency phase diagram of a non-equilibrium order-to-disorder transition
Authors: Khajehpour Tadavani Somayeh , Yethiraj Anand
Published: September 2017

A non-equilibrium order-to-disorder transition is driven by hydrodynamic interactions tuned by the frequency and amplitude of an electric field.
Low windage resistance frequency‐selective rasorber based on windmill‐shape coupling line arrays
Authors: Hu Yuehong , Liu Shaobin , Kong Xiangkun , Mao Chenyang
Published: September 2017

In this Letter, the authors report on the analysis, design, fabrication and measurement of a low windage resistance frequency selective rasorber (FSR) based on windmill‐shape coupling slot line arrays. A lossy structure is added to the traditional frequency selective surface structure to make up a FSR with the characteristics of small insertion loss within the passband and weak reflection at frequencies below and above the passband meanwhile. In addition, the hollow structure can reduce windage resistance effectively. The measurements show that an insertion loss of 1.01 dB can be obtained at 7.71 GHz, while both lower and upper passband edges have at least 10 dB reflection reduction under the normal incidence. Both simulation and experiment results exhibit that the proposed FSR is insensitive to both transverse‐electric (TE) and transverse‐magnetic (TM) polarisation. The proposed FSR can be applied in the field of radome, cloaking and other microwave applications.
Reduced modelling and fixed‐order control of delay systems applied to a heat exchanger
Authors: Michiels Wim , Hilhorst Gijs , Pipeleers Goele , Vyhlídal Tomas , Swevers Jan
Published: September 2017

The authors present an integrated approach for designing low‐order multi‐objective controllers for linear time‐delay systems (TDSs), combining recently developed methods for reduction of delay systems and fixed‐order control design, respectively. As a benchmark problem for process control applications, a model of an experimental heat transfer setup is used, which serves to motivate the adopted combination of model reduction and control technique. The former corresponds to a Krylov based reduction procedure, which is generalised to multiple‐input‐multiple‐output systems with state, input and output delays, and allows the adaptive construction of an accurate low‐order linear time‐invariant approximation of the original linear TDS. Concerning the latter, a fixed‐order controller is synthesised for the delay‐free approximation, exploiting a recently proposed linear matrix inequality based framework for fixed‐order controller design, and validated on the original model. In this way, the systematic overall design procedure, which is grounded in convex optimisation, complements approaches based on directly optimising stability and performance measures as a function of the controller parameters, which may lead to highly nonconvex, even non‐smooth optimisation problems. The successful design of a fixed‐order multi‐ controller is validated on the benchmark problem, confirming the potential of the adopted approach for realistic industrial applications.
Simulating the exoplanet yield of a space-based mid-infrared interferometer based on Kepler statistics
Authors: Kammerer Jens , Quanz Sascha P.
Published: September 2017

Aims. We predict the exoplanet yield of a space-based mid-infrared nulling interferometer using Monte Carlo simulations. We quantify the number and properties of detectable exoplanets and identify those target stars that have the highest or most complete detection rate. We investigate how changes in the underlying technical assumptions and uncertainties in the underlying planet population impact the scientific return.

Methods. We simulated 2000 exoplanetary systems, based on planet occurrence statistics from Kepler with randomly orientated orbits and uniformly distributed albedos around each of 326 nearby (d< 20 pc) stars. Assuming thermal equilibrium and blackbody emission, together with the limiting spatial resolution and sensitivity of our simulated instrument in the three specific bands 5.6, 10.0, and 15.0 μm, we quantified the number of detectable exoplanets as a function of their radii and equilibrium temperatures.

Results. Approximately [see formula in PDF] exoplanets, with radii 0.5 REarth ≤ Rp ≤ 6 REarth, were detected in at least one band and half were detected in all three bands during ~0.52 years of mission time assuming throughputs 3.5 times worse than those for the James Webb Space Telescope and ~40% overheads. Accounting for stellar leakage and (unknown) exozodiacal light, the discovery phase of the mission very likely requires 2−3 years in total. The uncertainties in planet yield are dominated by uncertainties in the underlying planet population, but the distribution of the Bond albedos also has a significant impact. Roughly 50% of the detected planets orbit M stars, which also have the highest planet yield per star; the other 50% orbit FGK stars, which show a higher completeness in the detectability. Roughly 85 planets could be habitable (0.5 REarth ≤ Rp ≤ 1.75 REarth and 200 K ≤ Teq ≤ 450 K) and are prime targets for spectroscopic observations in a second mission phase. Comparing these results to those of a large optical/near-infrared telescope, we find that a mid-infrared interferometer would detect more planets and the number of planets depends less strongly on the wavelength.

Conclusions. An optimized space-based nulling interferometer operating in the mid-infrared would deliver an unprecedented dataset for the characterization of (small) nearby exoplanets including dozens of potentially habitable worlds.
Left Atrial Thrombus Present: Is That about It?
Authors: Narula Jitin , Kumar Neeraj , Kumar Sanjay , Jaiswal Saurabh , Bhuyan Ritwick
Published: September 2017

Two-dimensional echocardiography is extremely useful in detecting localized as well as floating intracardiac bodies. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is highly sensitive in localizing intracardiac masses especially those present in the posterior structures of the heart, such as the left atrium (LA) and the left atrial appendage (LAA), which are extremely difficult to image using the transthoracic echocardiography. Dislodgement of intracardiac masses (thrombus, tumor) can be associated with high risk of life-threatening hemodynamic perturbations or embolic phenomenon. Cardiac manipulations should thus be minimized in patients with intracardiac masses. We discuss the case of LAA thrombus dislodgement during inferior vena cava cannulation. Intraoperative TEE demonstrated a fixed thrombus in the LAA, and despite careful attention by the surgeon, trivial cardiac manipulation during inferior vena cava cannulation leads to the dislodgment of the LAA thrombus and its free floatation in the LA. This case report highlights the crucial role of a vigilant TEE examination in patients with intracardiac thrombi. Identification of echocardiographic risk factors for prediction of dislodgement of LAA is of utmost importance to avoid inadvertent complications.
Left Ventricular Contained Rupture: True or Pseudoaneurysm?
Authors: Raut Monish , Maheshwari Arun , Dubey Sumir , Shivnani Ganesh , Mohanty Arun , Makhija Aman
Published: September 2017

Acute myocardial infarction leading to left ventricular wall rupture is a very lethal complication with the risk of sudden cardiac death. Such contained rupture presents as aneurysmal dilatation of ventricular wall on echocardiography. A false aneurysm is bound by the pericardium without any myocardial tissue and true aneurysm is a bulging of scarred myocardium. Pseudoaneurysm with contained rupture sealed by pericardium needs early surgical intervention. Here, the authors present similar case mimicking as pseudoaneurysm on echocardiography, but it was found out to be true aneurysm as surgical finding.
Fast-Track Extubation in Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery in Developing Countries
Authors: Iezzi Federica , di Summa Michele , Del Sarto Paolo , Munene James
Published: September 2017

Objective In recent years, low-dose, short-acting anesthetic agents, which replaced the former high-dose opioid regimens, offer a faster postoperative recovery and decrease the need for mechanical ventilatory support. In this study, the aim was to determine the success rate of fast-track approach in surgical procedures for congenital heart disease.

Methods There is some evidence, mostly from retrospective analyses, that fast tracking can be beneficial. Ninety-one cases with moderate complex cardiac malformations were operated with fast-track protocol during cardiothoracic charitable missions. The essential aspects of early extubation in our cohort included selected patients with good preoperative status, good surgical result with hemodynamic stability in low dose of inotropic drugs at the end of bypass, and no active bleeding. In this setting, a careful choice and dosing of anesthetic agents, alongside a good postoperative analgesia are mandatory.

Results The authors found that an early extubation (< 4 hours) can be both effective and safe as it reduces intubation and ventilator times without increasing postoperative complications in pediatric congenital heart disease.

Conclusion This study supports a wider use of fast-track extubation protocols in pediatric patients submitted for congenital cardiac surgery in developing countries.
Apiaceae and Autism
Authors: Williams Sally
Published: September 2017

This article discusses the use of remedies from the Apiaceae order of plants in cases pertaining to autism.
Bursting the Bubble: A Case of Secondary Infertility
Authors: Wadhwani Parul , Sharma Soma , Wadhwani Gyanda
Published: September 2017

Infertility has been a major medical and social preoccupation since the dawn of human existence and women have always been the symbol of fertility. A 34-year-old woman presented with inability to conceive for the past 2.5 years. A single dose of indicated homeopathic remedy helped her conceive during the following month. In contrast with the fertility specialists, homeopathic treatment addresses the entire underlying bio–psycho–social dimension under a single roof. Publication of a collective pooled data may help us establish this beyond doubt, for the benefit of incomplete families!
Concomitant Occurrence of Vestibular Schwannoma and Epidermoid Cyst in Neurofibromatosis: Case description and Review of the Literature
Authors: Roman Alex , Najera Edson , Spiriev Toma , Ramina Kristoph , Rigante Luigi , Tatagiba Marcos
Published: September 2017

We report a case of a 16-year-old female patient harboring neurofibromatosis type 2 who presented with bilateral hearing impairment, which was on the left side, as well as facial paresis (House-Brackmann grade III) and ataxic gait. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exam evidenced bilateral lesions in the cerebellopontine angles (CPAs) with extension into the internal acoustic meatus, and an additional lesion in the right CPA with radiological characteristics of an epidermoid cyst. The patient was submitted to microsurgical resection, confirming a collision of a vestibular schwannoma and an epidermoid cyst in the right CPA. In the present case report, we describe the first case reported in the literature with preoperative diagnostic work-up, intraoperative findings, postoperative course of the patient, as well as a detailed literature review of these specific coinciding pathologies, denoting the importance of further genomic studies regarding multiple central nervous system (CNS) lesions.
Selective Reduction of Brain Docosahexaenoic Acid after Experimental Brain Injury and Mitigation of Neuroinflammatory Outcomes with Dietary DHA
Authors: Butt Christopher , Harrison Jordan , Rowe Rachel , Jones Jacob , Wynalda Kelly , Salem Norman , Lifshitz Jonathan , Pauly James
Published: September 2017

Background Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid that is important for brain development and function, but the interactions of dietary DHA with fatty acid profiles, sensory sensitivities, and inflammation that may change after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are poorly understood. It is also unknown whether DHA alters experimental TBI outcomes measured more than 2 weeks after injury. The current study investigated whether dietary DHA, provided before (PreDHA) or after (PostDHA) experimental TBI, would improve outcomes for up to 24 days after injury.

Methods Rats consumed predetermined diets for 28 days prior to midline fluid percussion injury (mFPI) or to sham surgery. The effects of PreDHA, TBI, and PostDHA on comprehensive fatty acid profiles, neuroinflammation, sensory sensitivity, and spatial learning were then evaluated.

Results The results provided novel evidence that TBI selectively reduced brain DHA content, as injury did not decrease any other fatty acid that was measured. Furthermore, PreDHA and PostDHA attenuated injury-induced increases in sensory sensitivity as well as in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-10, and interleukin-1β in the somatosensory cortex. However, [3H]PK11195 autoradiography showed that PostDHA was more effective than PreDHA in reducing microglial/macrophage activation in the somatosensory cortex, hippocampus, and substantia nigra. Spatial learning outcomes were largely unaffected by diet or injury, but PostDHA was associated with shorter swimming distances in the Morris water maze (MWM) at 15 days post-injury.

Conclusion Overall, sufficient DHA intake may be necessary to replace DHA that is lost to TBI and may improve some symptoms of post-concussive syndrome (PCS) over an extended period through inflammation-related mechanisms.
SLC19A3 Gene Defects Sorting the Phenotype and Acronyms: Review
Authors: Tabarki Brahim , Alfadhel Majid
Published: September 2017

Thiamine metabolism dysfunction syndrome type 2 is also known by other terms including: “SCL19A3 gene defect,” “biotin-responsive basal ganglia disease” (BBGD), and “biotin-thiamine–responsive basal ganglia disease” (BTBGD). The worldwide incidence and prevalence of this disorder are unknown, but the syndrome has primarily been reported in Saudi Arabia (52% of reported cases). It is caused by a defect in thiamine transporter 2 (hTHTR2), which is encoded by the SLC19A3 gene. The clinical presentations of these syndromes are heterogeneous and are likely related to the age of onset. They can be classified into three major categories: classical childhood BBGD; early-infantile Leigh-like syndrome/atypical infantile spasms; and adult Wernicke's-like encephalopathy. These variable phenotypes have common features in that all are triggered by stressors, such as fever, trauma, or vaccinations. Affected brain areas include the basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, thalamus, and periaqueductal regions. Free thiamine is a potential biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring of treatment. Definitive diagnosis is usually made by molecular testing for the SLC19A3 gene defect, and treatment consists of thiamine alone or in combination with biotin for life. In this report, we review all reported cases of the SLC19A3 gene defect, discuss the history, epidemiology, metabolic pathways, clinical phenotypes, biochemical abnormalities, brain pathology, diagnosis, genetic issues, and treatment of this devastating disorder. Finally, we recommend instituting an international registry to further the basic scientific and clinical research to elucidate multiple unanswered questions about SLC19A3 gene syndromes.