bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Publicidade contemporânea: Produtividade discursiva e processos de sedução
Authors: Prados Rosália Maria Netto , Bonini Luci Mendes de Melo
Published: May 2016

Este trabalho trata de uma análise do discurso com base na Semiótica discursiva para o estudo de processos de produção de sentido nos textos de campanhas publicitárias contemporâneas. Propõe-se um estudo da produtividade discursiva no texto publicitário e seus efeitos de sentido, na constituição do sujeito contemporâneo na comunicação, além da análise e descrição dos discursos subjacentes ao texto publicitário. Para esta análise foi selecionada uma campanha, Johnnie Walker, apresentada na mídia em 2013.
Usuário-mídia e práticas de consumo no contexto da recepção em comunicação digital
Authors: Maia Midierson , Terra Carolina
Published: May 2016

O artigo busca, por meio de um desdobramento teórico aplicado aos estudos de recepção, contribuir no sentido de compreender o atual contexto da comunicação atrelada ao consumo, às práticas sociais e ao cenário digital. Para tanto, foi utilizado o conceito de usuário-mídia, desenvolvido por Terra em 2011. Frente ao entendimento do usuário-mídia como um ente produtor de sentidos, que não funciona fora da interação, o desdobramento do modelo defendido por Terra se tornou possível e em acordo com os referencias estudados por autores da recepção. A metodologia buscou provar o critério de pertinência entre as instâncias propostas. Além de fundamentar a figura do usuário-mídia como um ente ativo da recepção, o trabalho apresenta conclusões que sinalizam para um distanciamento significativo entre as marcas e seus públicos, que clamam por um maior reconhecimento e diálogo quando o que está em jogo são suas reais necessidades, sua linguagem, cultura e seus desejos.
Resenha do livro Mediatization of Communication
Authors: Linares Nicolás Llano
Published: May 2016

Resenha do livro:LUNDBY, Knut. Mediatization of Communication. Berlim/ Boston: De Gruyter Muoton, 2014.
Marcas, publicidade e valores relativos à periodização da vida: Possibilidades de ressignificação da maturidade adulta
Authors: Drigo Maria Ogécia , Perez Clotilde
Published: May 2016

O presente artigo tem o propósito de refletir sobre a periodização da vida, com ênfase na velhice, por meio de representações das marcas e suas expressões na publicidade, discorrendo sobre a noção de cultura-mundo; apresentam-se aspectos da periodização da vida ao longo de múltiplos períodos históricos e análise semiótica, na perspectiva da semiótica peirceana, de uma campanha publicitária. A relevância deste artigo está em mostrar que a publicidade coloca a velhice em evidência, uma vez que as marcas propõem a fragilização de fronteiras entre idades, em geral, bem como apresenta a tecnologia como potencial para promover a aproximação entre idosos e adolescentes.
Causas sociais e as novas plataformas de comunicação: Teorias, viabilidade e práticas
Authors: Batista Leandro , Andrijic Nathalia Santos
Published: May 2016

O presente projeto busca analisar como causas sociais e suas mensagens podem ser relacionadas às novas plataformas de comunicação, como as mídias sociais. Investiga teorias a esse respeito, práticas de mercado e a viabilidade da relação em prol da melhor comunicação dessas mensagens, explorando suas vantagens e desvantagens. Revela, por fim, que a abordagem do Marketing se mostrou mais benéfica do que o contrário.
Behaviour of Lake Baikal amphipods as a part of the night migratory complex in the Kluevka settlement region (south-eastern Baikal)
Authors: Karnaukhov D. Yu. , Karnaukhov D. Yu. , Bedulina D. S. , Karnaukhov D. Yu. , Bedulina D. S. , Kaus A. , Karnaukhov D. Yu. , Bedulina D. S. , Kaus A. , Prokosov S. O. , Karnaukhov D. Yu. , Bedulina D. S. , Kaus A. , Prokosov S. O. , Sartoris L. , Karnaukhov D. Yu. , Bedulina D. S. , Kaus A. , Prokosov S. O. , Sartoris L. , Timofeyev M. A. , Karnaukhov D. Yu. , Bedulina D. S. , Kaus A. , Prokosov S. O. , Sartoris L. , Timofeyev M. A. , Takhteev V. V.
Published: May 2016

The night migration complex in the bottom zone of the shallow-water slope on the east coast of southern Lake Baikal near the village of Kluevka was investigated. According to the observations, it was established that the pelagic fish of the suborder Cottoidei and the pelagic amphipodMacrohectopus branickiican sporadically participate in the migration complex. The mass presence of benthic amphipods was highest in the first minute of observations, with more than 250 individuals/freeze-frame, and then stabilized at 43-65 individuals/freeze-frame. The Juday net-collected amphipods comprised only one typically benthic species,Micruropus wohlii platycercus, which is known to be a nocturnal migrant. For the first time, the typically pelagic speciesM. branickii, was observed in the migratory complex over shallow coastal shoal, which species, according to all previous studies, was considered to inhabit only greater depths and to avoid areas with depths of less than 100 m, such as shallow-water slope bottom zones.
Laws, Courts and Communities in the Pennsylvania Backcountry, ca. 1750–1800
Authors: Ward Matthew C.
Published: May 2016

Historians have commonly portrayed the Pennsylvania backcountry as a lawless, violent region. Many have attributed this these levels of violence to the influx of Scots Irish migrants to the province after the 1720. Examining several eighteenth-century Pennsylvania counties, this article demonstrates that earlier scholars have consistently overestimated levels of crime on the frontier. Moreover, court records shows that Scots-Irish individuals were no more likely to be prosecuted or convicted of crime than other ethnic groups. Overall, frontier settlers embraced the legal system, even as they insisted it be applied in ways that accorded with local conditions.
Vanda funingensis, a new species of Orchidaceae (Epidedroideae; Vandeae; Aeridinae) from China: evidence from morphology and DNA
Authors: ZOU LONG-HAI , WU XIN-YI , LIN MIN , CHEN LI-JUN , LIU ZHONG-JIAN
Published: May 2016

Vanda funingensis, a new orchid species from Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated here. This species, which has thin, regular tepals, a slender spur, and a relatively dense inflorescence, is superficially similar to species of Vanda s.l. with Ascocentrum-like flowers. However, the plant differs from the latter by having labellum structures shared by Vanda s.s., longitudinal ridges on the adaxial surface and no expansion of the spur apex. Furthermore, molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that the new species is a member of sect. Testacea from Vanda s.s., especially V. coerulescens (in the nrITS analysis) and V. testacea. This new species is distinguished from the other two species by having flat petals, a rectangular midlobe with three inconspicuous ridges adaxially and a long, tubular spur.
A new elegant species of Corynandra (Cleomaceae) from Konkan region of Maharashtra, India
Authors: CHANDORE ARUN NIVRUTTI , YADAV USHA SHRIRANG , YADAV SHRIRANG RAMCHANDRA
Published: May 2016

A new elegant species of Corynandra Schrad. ex Spreng. (Cleomaceae) is described and illustrated from Konkan region of Maharashtra, India. The new species differs from Corynandra chelidonii (L. f.) Cochrane & Iltis by its perennial habit, presence of root suckers, 3–5 foliate basal leaves, flower 5–9 cm across, petals up to 4.5 cm long, stamens up to 250, capsule beak 8–14 mm long, seed testa with blunt tubercles and open, deep cleft.
Acaulospora papillosa, a new mycorrhizal fungus from NE Brazil, and Acaulospora rugosa from Norway
Authors: PEREIRA CAMILLA M.R. , MAIA LEONOR C. , SÁNCHEZ-CASTRO IVÁN , PALENZUELA JAVIER , SILVA DANIELLE K.A. , SUDOVÁ RADKA , SÝKOROVÁ ZUZANA , RYDLOVÁ JANA , ČTVRTLÍKOVÁ MARTINA , GOTO BRUNO T. , SILVA GLADSTONE A. , OEHL FRITZ
Published: May 2016

A new arbuscular mycorrhizal species, Acaulospora papillosa, was isolated from the biological reserve ‘Saltinho’ within a coastal tropical Atlantic forest of the ‘Mata Atlântica’ biome in Pernambuco State of Northeastern Brazil. It was trapped and propagated as single species cultures on Zea mays. The spores are yellow white to light yellow to creamy, globose to subglobose, 69–100(–110) × 65–93(–101) µm. The spore surface is roughened as crowded with fine papillae, which are formed on the outermost, evanescent to semi-persistent spore wall layer. These papillae may disintegrate or completely disappear as the spores age and the layer becomes completely evanescent. Phylogenetically, the fungus clusters together with several small-spored Acaulospora species having smooth spore surfaces, such as A. delicata, A. longula, A. morrowiae and A. mellea. In the Acaulospora clade, A. papillosa is the third taxon known to have a roughened spore surface, in addition to A. dilatata and A. rugosa. The phylogenetic placement of A. rugosa is provided, together with colored illustrations of the spore morphology. The isolation of A. papillosa from such protected nature reserves as ‘Saltinho’ further supports the need to protect these areas and determine the biodiversity of beneficial microorganisms.
Heteropterys arcuata (Malpighiaceae): a new species from the dry forests of northeastern Brazil
Authors: PESSOA CLEITON , AMORIM ANDRÉ MÁRCIO
Published: May 2016

A new species of Heteropterys series Rhodopetalis from the Northeast Region of Brazil is described and illustrated, and its geographical distribution is presented. The species can be recognized by its tomentose to glabrescent leaves with short petioles, flowers with pedicels 2.5–4.8 mm long, posterior petal with abaxially slightly carinate or smooth limb, stamens with short filaments and uniformly dark (red) connectives, the samara with an oblique and strongly curved dorsal wing and a nut that is deltoid or rounded, rugose, and without winglets. The diagnostic characters of the species of Heteropterys series Rhodopetalis are also discussed.
Evaluation of Multivariate Calibration Models Transferred between Spectroscopic Instruments: Applied to near Infrared Measurements of Flour Samples
Authors: Eskildsen Carl E. , Hansen Per W. , Skov Thomas , Marini Federico , Nørgaard Lars
Published: May 2016

In a setting where multiple spectroscopic instruments are used for the same measurements it may be convenient to develop the calibration model on a single instrument and then transfer this model to the other instruments. In the ideal scenario, all instruments provide the same predictions for the same samples using the transferred model. However, sometimes the success of a model transfer is evaluated by comparing the transferred model predictions with the reference values. This is not optimal, as uncertainties in the reference method will impact the evaluation. This paper proposes a new method for calibration model transfer evaluation. The new method is based on comparing predictions from different instruments, rather than comparing predictions and reference values. A total of 75 flour samples were available for the study. All samples were measured on ten near infrared (NIR) instruments from two instrumental platforms, five NIR instruments from each platform. Protein content was quantified for all 75 samples and used as the reference variable during modelling by partial least squares regression. By adding artificial noise to first the spectroscopic measurements and then the reference values, this paper highlights the problems of including reference values in the evaluation of a model transfer, as uncertainties in the reference method impact the evaluation. At the same time, this paper highlights the power of the proposed model transfer evaluation, which is based on comparing predictions obtained from the different instruments. In this way, the impact of uncertainties originating from the reference method is minimised.
Digital Image Watermarking: An Overview
Authors: Kumar H. B
Published: May 2016

Multimedia security is extremely significant concern for the internet technology because of the ease of the duplication, distribution and manipulation of the multimedia data. The digital watermarking is a field of information hiding which hide the crucial information in the original data for protection illegal duplication and distribution of multimedia data. The image watermarking techniques may divide on the basis of domain like spatial domain or transform domain or on the basis of wavelets. The spatial domain techniques directly work on the pixels and the frequency domain works on the transform coefficients of the image. This paper presents classification of watermarking, stages in watermarking, watermarking approaches and its applications.
Neuro-Fuzzy Based First Responder for Image Forgery Identification
Authors: Gaharwar Gaurav , Nath V. V , Gaharwar Raina
Published: May 2016

Image forgery is always been sought after field of digital forensics, as it becomes very convenient now to edit/forge any image with many desktop based and online tools available. Also, to prove authenticity of any image in the court of law, there is a need of algorithm which can used to check forgery of any image, irrespective of its forgery type. Proposed model in the paper aims to provide neuro-fuzzy based algorithm which utilizes capabilities of best algorithms for each type and provides accurate result about the forgery in the image. It also provides analysis about type of forgery in the image along with the area forgered in the image.
Constructing Well-Organized Wireless Sensor Networks with Low-level Identification
Authors: Rajesh M , Gnanasekar J. M
Published: May 2016

In most distributed systems, naming of nodes for low-level communication leverages topological location (such as node addresses) and is independent of any application. In this paper, we investigate an emerging class of distributed systems where low-level communication does not rely on network topological location. Rather, low-level communication is based on attributes that are external to the network topology and relevant to the application. When combined with dense deployment of nodes, this kind of named data enables in-network processing for data aggregation, collaborative signal processing, and similar problems. These approaches are essential for emerging applications such as sensor networks where resources such as bandwidth and energy are limited. This paper is the first description of the software architecture that supports named data and in-network processing in an operational, multi-application sensor-network. We show that approaches such as in-network aggregation and nested queries can significantly affect network traffic. In one experiment aggregation reduces traffic by up to 42% and nested queries reduce loss rates by 30%. Although aggregation has been previously studied in simulation, this paper demonstrates nested queries as another form of in-network processing, and it presents the first evaluation of these approaches over an operational test bed.
Operational Monitoring System OMS with WSN (Wireless Sensor Network), RFID, GPS & CCTV in Agriculture
Authors: Kadchha Rajesh
Published: May 2016

This manuscript proposes an agricultural environment monitoring server system for monitoring information concerning an outdoors agricultural production environment utilizing Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology. The proposed agricultural server collects environmental, agricultural land, seeds and soil information on the outdoors through WSN-based environmental and soil sensors, collects snaps information through CCTVs, area information through RFID and collects location information using GPS modules. This collected information is converted into data and saved in to a database through the agricultural server consisting of a sensor manager, which manages information gathered from the WSN sensors, an image information manager, which manages image information collected from CCTVs, RFID and a GPS manager, which processes location information of the agricultural server system, and provides it to producers. In addition, a solar cell-based power supply is implemented for the server system so that it could be used in agricultural environments with insufficient power infrastructure. This agricultural server could even monitor the environmental information on the outdoors, and it could be look forward that the use of such a system could participate to increasing crop yields and improving quality in the agricultural field by supporting the decision making of crop producers through analysis of the collected information.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism within the LDLR gene and responsiveness of cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) to atherogenic diet
Authors: TAHER ACHMAD , SOLIHIN DEDY DURYADI , SULISTIYANI SULISTIYANI , SAJUTHI DONDIN , ASTUTI DEWI APRI
Published: May 2016

Taher A, Solihin DD, Sulistiyani, Sajuthi D, Astuti DA. 2016. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism within the LDLR gene and responsiveness of cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) to atherogenic diet. Biodiversitas 17: 430-434. Genetic variation within low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene has been associated with normal variation of plasma lipid profiles and risks of coronary heart diseases (CHD) in human. Although cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is one of non-human primates commonly used as models in atherosclerosis research, little is known about the extent of polymorphism within the LDLR gene and its consequences on responsiveness to atherogenic diet. In this study, two regions of LDLR gene, namely exon 6 and intron 5, were sequenced in a sample of 22 male cynomolgus macaques which had differences in responsiveness to atherogenic diet. The objective of the study was to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within the LDLR gene and to evaluate the kinds of haplotypes in relation to the responsiveness of the cynomolgus macaque to atherogenic diet. Sequence analysis revealed that there were two SNPs at exon 6, i.e. IVS5-6C > G and 825C > G, which were distributed in 3 haplotypes, and five SNPs at intron 5, i.e. g.IVS5+99T > C, g.IVS5+173G > T, g.IVS5+327A > G, g.IVS5âˆ’96C > T, and g.IVS5âˆ’6C > G, which were distributed in 6 haplotypes. It was found that haplotype II (GC) at 6 base pairs prior to the exon 6 and haplotype III (CGGTG) within the intron 5 were associated with hyporesponsiveness to atherogenic diet. The results showed that potential SNP existed within the exon 6 and intron 5 can be used as genetic markers for selecting hypo- from hyperresponders.

Keywords: Hyporesponsiveness, LDLR gene, Macaca fascicularis, SNP
A Linear Programming Optimization Model of Woody Biomass Logistics Integrating Infield Drying as a Cost-Saving Preprocess in Michigan
Authors: Lin Yingqian , Pan Fei , Srivastava Ajit
Published: May 2016

Because of the greater demand in using woody biomass for bioenergy and bio-based products, feedstock supply chain optimization becomes more important to decrease supply chain logistics costs. As a primary component in the biomass feedstock supply chain, the storage of harvested woody biomass can directly affect transportation cost, biomass quality, and combustion efficiency. An improved operations system structured with linear programming was developed for minimizing the total cost of woody biomass preprocessing, storage, and transportation. The improved operations system was applied in a simulated case study for a power plant in Michigan. In addition, a simulated second feedstock end user was added to the operations system to further test the model. The results showed that the improved operations system could lower supply chain logistics costs, improve feedstock quality, and simultaneously meet the feedstock end user's demand. The sensitivity analysis indicated that the additional profit from selling higher-quality feedstock could offset the increased transportation cost for up to 171 miles. On average, every 1 percent decrease in biomass moisture content can result in a decrease of $760.68 in total cost and a reduction of 52.1 green tons of delivered biomass to satisfy the end user's demands. The operation details suggested by the improved operations system can be used as a guideline of real operations to achieve the lowest possible operations cost. The additional profit return from selling higher-quality feedstock needs to be quantified for various conversion and upgrading options besides direct combustion in the future.
Early Intervention: A Multicultural Perspective on d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing Multilingual Learners
Authors: Sandy K. Bowen
Published: May 2016

Abstract: Today’s pluralistic society is characterized by families from many linguistic and cultural backgrounds, including families with infants and toddlers who are deaf or hard of hearing (d/Dhh). Taking a multicultural perspective, the author examines family-centered early intervention (FCEI) and the transition to school services for children who are d/Dhh. Working with d/Dhh Multilingual Learners (DMLs) and their families presents a unique challenge to early intervention professionals: ensuring that families have adequate information and resources to make informed choices, particularly regarding communication. The author presents information and research related to (a) family and professional partnerships, (b) cultural contexts for early intervention, (c) family communication decisions and linguistic diversity, (d) emerging research on DMLs, (e) considerations for early intervention providers and interpreters who work with culturally and linguistically diverse d/Dhh infants and toddlers, and (f) cultural reflections on ensuring smooth transitions from early intervention into preschool programs.
Case Studies of Multilingual/Multicultural Asian Deaf Adults: Strategies for Success
Authors: Wang Qiuying , Andrews Jean , Liu Hsiu Tan , Liu Chun Jung
Published: May 2016

Abstract: Case studies of adult d/Deaf or Hard of Hearing Multilingual Learners (DMLs) are few, especially studies of DMLs who learn more than one sign language and read logographic and alphabetic scripts. To reduce this paucity, two descriptive case studies are presented. Written questionnaires, face-to-face interviews, and self-appraisals of language-use rubrics were used to explore (a) the language and literacy histories of two adult Asian DMLs who had learned multiple languages: Chinese (spoken/written), English (written), Chinese Sign Language, and American Sign Language; and (b) how each language was used in different cultural communities with diverse conversational partners. Home literacy environment, family support, visual access to languages, peer and sibling support, role models, encouragement, perseverance, and Deaf identity all played vital roles in the participants’ academic success. The findings provide insights into the acquisition of multiple languages and bi-literacy through social communication and academic content.
d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing Multilingual Learners: The Development of Communication and Language
Authors: Pizzo Lianna
Published: May 2016

Abstract: The author examines the theory and research relevant to educating d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing Multilingual Learners (DMLs). There is minimal research on this population, yet a synthesis of related theory, research, and practice on spoken-language bilinguals can be used to add to the body of knowledge on these learners. Specifically, the author reports on three major areas: (a) population characteristics of DMLs, (b) theories relevant to understanding the language development of DMLs, and (c) considerations for programs in designing and implementing educational services for DMLs. In the interest of ensuring that children receive the foundation for linguistic success, aspects of linguistically responsive teaching (Lucas & Villegas, 2013) are addressed, with a focus on adopting an asset-based perspective on educating DMLs that honors all of a child’s language, identity, and cultural memberships.
Who is below ?
Authors: Cerutti Simona
Published: May 2016

L’history from belowa marqué plusieurs générations d’historiens, en suscitant des débats sur la recherche des sources ainsi que sur l’élaboration des méthodes nécessaires pour mettre en oeuvre cette formule de recherche historique. La publication en français de l’ouvrage d’E. P.Thompson,Customs in Common (Les usages de la coutume. Traditions et résistances populaires en Angleterre, XVIIe-XIXesiècle), est l’occasion de revenir sur cette approche. Il s’agit moins de se demandercommentréaliser une histoire d’en bas que de s’interroger surquiest ce « bas » dont on voudrait restituer l’histoire. L’article commence par passer en revue les traductions dont les textes d’E. P. Thompson ont fait l’objet en différentes langues, en montrant à quel point celles-ci ont contribué à produire une identification entre lebelowet les classes populaires que l’historien britannique avait lui-même tenté d’éviter. Ensuite sont analysées les réponses formulées par différents courants historiographiques récents –microstoria,spatial turn, études inspirées par Jürgen Habermas. Enfin, l’article propose une interprétation originale de ce programme de recherche, qui en fait moins l’histoire d’une couche sociale qu’un travail de sauvetage(rescue)de « ce qui aurait pu se passer ».
The Path to Democratic Socialism: Lessons from Latin America
Authors: Iber Patrick
Published: May 2016

The basic idea of democratic socialism is straightforward: the only socialism worthy of its name is one that preserves individual liberty and democratic procedures, while simultaneously extending the values of democracy to the economic sphere. But the twentieth century has provided, on the one hand, examples of authoritarian socialism, and, on the other, welfare state capitalism, neither of which meets the standard. If it is clear what democratic socialism is not, the harder question of what it is remains contested. Regardless of the eventual outcome, Bernie Sanders’s surprisingly robust performance in the Democratic primary makes this an opportune moment to revisit that debate.
Money Troubles
Authors: Pan Jennifer C.
Published: May 2016

In January Billfold writer Paulette Perhach reminded us that life under capitalism is better when you have money. In her widely shared essay, “A Story of a Fuck Off Fund,” she contrasted two possible futures for a young woman entering the workforce. In one version, “you”—her missive was delivered in second person in the style of Choose Your Own Adventure paperbacks—fritter away your income, rack up debt, and are subsequently left without the means to escape a lecherous boss and an abusive boyfriend. In the second, you have had the foresight to live humbly and direct the bulk of your income into a personal savings account (the “fuck off fund”). You are rewarded with the freedom to walk away.
Bargaining for the Common Good
Authors: McCartin Joseph A.
Published: May 2016

On December 12, 2015, nearly 2,000 people crowded into the Minneapolis Convention Center for a remarkable event organized by Minnesotans for a Fair Economy, a statewide network of unions and community groups. “the People’s Congress,” as the event was called, convened activists from across the state in an effort to “establish a collective vision for social, racial and economic justice.” As their invitation explained, participants aimed to “dismantle systems of racial discrimination and oppression; reclaim our democracy; reclaim our economy; reclaim our government”; and “build the power of workers and workers’ organizations.”
On Democratic Internationalism
Authors: Walzer Michael
Published: May 2016

My aim in this lecture is to celebrate internationalism, which was central to Irving Howe’s politics and to the politics of Dissent magazine from its earliest days. It was so central that the first Dissentniks never thought to defend it, they simply lived it. They thought it obvious that democrats and socialists around the world were their comrades, who required their support.
Brazil’s Landless Workers Rise Up
Authors: Stronzake Judite , Wolford Wendy
Published: May 2016

The MST movement has helped educate a generation of Brazilians about the struggle for land and, consequently, about the need to transform the model of development that has privileged urban areas and industrial growth, and exploited rural areas for natural resources and cheap labor. For over thirty years, the MST has argued that this transformation is necessary if issues such as inequality, violence against the poor, and environmental harm—from deforestation to climate change—are to be addressed. There is much that the MST could teach the international community as we take up the gauntlet of imagining a sustainable future.
The Global Refugee Crisis
Authors: Martin Susan F.
Published: May 2016

The world is currently facing the largest refugee crisis since the end of World War II, but the international response lacks cohesiveness and aid has been far less than what is needed. The situation requires international cooperation in the form of financial, geographic, and political solidarity, which necessitates strong political leadership and public support.
The Rationales behind the EAC Members’ Response to the Burundi Crisis
Authors: Wilén Nina
Published: May 2016

The crisis in Burundi has exposed regional divisions and underlined the lack of dependable behaviors and common norms among EAC members. Nkurunziza’s internationally uncontested bid for a third term risks reproduction in neighboring countries while refugee flows increase interstate tensions, undermining hopes for greater regional security cooperation in the future.
U.S. Support for Migration Enforcement in Mexico: A Humanitarian Perspective
Authors: Meyer Maureen , Boggs Clay
Published: May 2016

The Mexican government, due to pressure from the Obama administration and Congress, has continued to increase the number of Central American migrants, including unaccompanied children, which it deports back to their violent home countries. The new role of Mexico as immigration enforcer has reduced pressure on Washington to deal with the sources of the crisis: violence, weak institutions, and lack of opportunity in Honduras, Guatemala, and El Salvador.
The Trade-Off between Excellence and Equality: What International Assessments Tell Us
Authors: Schmidt William H. , Burroughs Nathan A.
Published: May 2016

This paper uses PISA data to explore cross-national comparisons of mathematics performance and educational inequality, with a focus on those countries that are characterized by high PISA scores and greater equity. The authors discuss the dangers of giving too much attention to a single year’s high performer on a given international assessment. Instead, they argue that the PISA and TIMSS should be analyzed with a more nuanced set of indicators and with greater sensitivity to long-term trends. This approach can help generate new research hypotheses, identify groups of countries worthy of detailed study, and yield fresh insights on educational policy.
The Politics of Corruption in Indonesia
Authors: Dick Howard , Mulholland Jeremy
Published: May 2016

This paper explores corruption in Indonesia using a number of measures and indexes. It discusses the role of different officials in Indonesia’s political landscape, as well as the country’s changing attitudes and policies toward corruption. Despite increasing prosecution and public embarrassment, there is little evidence that corruption in Indonesia is on the decline. The piece concludes by examining necessary reforms.
“A Human Longing for Redress”: Contrabands and the Language of Debt in Louisa May Alcott’s Civil War Literature
Authors: Bechtold Rebeccah
Published: May 2016

Abstract: This essay examines the conflicted definition of contraband debt that pervaded New England society during the Civil War-era, focusing on the social and legal discourse that emerged after the passing of the First and Second Confiscation Acts. Although effectively discharging slaves of their labor to their southern owners, the confiscatory laws were interpreted as maintaining the slave’s status as debtor. New England relief workers frequently reinforced this perspective as well, adopting a free labor ideology that defined federal policy toward contrabands. Yet their written accounts also reveal the instability of this language of debt, especially when faced with slaves’ own affectional losses. It is to this conflicted view of the contraband figure that one New England author and volunteer nurse, Louisa May Alcott, turns. I argue that Alcott’s Hospital Sketches and “My Contraband” challenge this language of debt by redefining the cost of the war in strictly affectional terms: for Alcott it is slavery’s “theft” of family that places white society, not the contraband, in a form of indebted servitude.
Specifying Specification
Authors: Paulo Norbert
Published: May 2016

This paper tackles the accusation that applied ethics is no serious academic enterprise because it lacks theoretical bracing. It does so in two steps. In the first step I introduce and discuss a highly acclaimed method to guarantee stability in ethical theories: Henry Richardson’s specification. The discussion shows how seriously ethicists take the stability of the connection between the foundational parts of their theories and their further development as well as their “application” to particular problems or cases. A detailed scrutiny of specification leads to the second step, where I use insights from legal theory to inform the debate around stability from that point of view. This view reveals some of specification’s limitations. I suggest that, once specification is sufficiently specified, it appears astonishingly similar to deduction as used in legal theory. Legal theory also provides valuable insight into the functional range of deduction and its relation to other forms of reasoning. This leads to a richer understanding of stability in normative theories and to a smart division of labor between deduction and other forms of reasoning. The comparison to legal theory thereby provides a framework for how different methods such as specification, deduction, balancing, and analogy relate to one another.
Uncovering Metaethical Assumptions in Bioethical Discourse across Cultures
Authors: Sullivan Laura Specker
Published: May 2016

Much of bioethical discourse now takes place across cultures. This does not mean that cross-cultural understanding has increased. Many cross-cultural bioethical discussions are marked by entrenched disagreement about whether and why local practices are justified. In this paper, I argue that a major reason for these entrenched disagreements is that problematic metaethical commitments are hidden in these cross-cultural discourses. Using the issue of informed consent in East Asia as an example of one such discourse, I analyze two representative positions in the discussion and identify their metaethical commitments. I suggest that the metaethical assumptions of these positions result from their shared method of ethical justification: moral principlism. I then show why moral principlism is problematic in cross-cultural analyses and propose a more useful method for pursuing ethical justification across cultures.
Placebo Effects and the Ethics of Therapeutic Communication: A Pragmatic Perspective
Authors: Annoni Marco , Miller Franklin G.
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT:
In this article we explore the ethics of manipulating verbal information for the sake of influencing health outcomes through placebo and nocebo responses. Recent scientific research on placebo and nocebo effects has drawn attention to the ways in which communication by health professionals may modulate the symptoms of patients across an array of highly prevalent conditions such as pain, depression, anxiety, insomnia, irritable bowel syndrome, migraine, and Parkinson’s disease. The positive and negative effects of clinicians’ communication on patient outcomes pose important ethical issues, which we describe in this article under the label of “the ethics of therapeutic communication” (TC). We begin by reviewing available evidence supporting the claim that doctor–patient communication has therapeutic effects. We then identify in truthfulness, helpfulness, and pragmatism three morally relevant considerations that can guide clinicians in therapeutic communication with their patients. Finally, we examine the ethics of using TC to enhance the effectiveness of proven medical interventions and open-label placebos.
Child Rights and Clinical Bioethics: Historical Reflections on Modern Medicine and Ethics
Authors: Brosco Jeffrey P.
Published: May 2016

Why might pediatric bioethicists in the United States reject the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) as a framework for resolving ethical issues? The essays in this issue present arguments and counterarguments regarding the usefulness of the CRC in various clinical and research cases. But underlying this debate are two historical factors that help explain the seeming paradox of pediatric bioethicists’ arguing against child’s rights. First, the profession of clinical bioethics emerged in the 1970s as one component of modern medicine’s focus on improving health through the application of technologically sophisticated treatments. The everyday work of U.S. bioethicists thus usually involves emerging technologies or practices in clinical or laboratory settings; the articles of the CRC, in contrast, seem better suited to addressing broad policy issues that affect the social determinants of health. Second, U.S. child health policy veered away from a more communitarian approach in the early 20th century for reasons of demography that were reinforced by ideology and concerns about immigration. The divide between clinical medicine and public health in the United States, as well as the relatively meager social safety net, are not based on a failure to recognize the rights of children. Indeed, there is some historical evidence to suggest that “rights language” has hindered progress on child health and well-being in the United States. In today’s political climate, efforts to ensure that governments pledge to treat children in accordance with their status as human beings (a child right’s perspective) are less likely to improve child health than robust advocacy on behalf of children’s unique needs, especially as novel models of health-care financing emerge.
The U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child: Relevance and Application to Pediatric Clinical Bioethics
Authors: Lansdown Gerison , Lundy Laura , Goldhagen Jeffrey
Published: May 2016

This article provides an overview of the relevance and import of the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) to child health practice and pediatric bioethics. We discuss the four general principles of the CRC that apply to the implementation of all rights contained in the document, the right to health articulated in Article 24, and the important position ascribed to parents in fulfilling the rights of their children. We then examine how the CRC is implemented and monitored in law and practice. The CRC and associated principles of child rights provide strategies for rights-based approaches to clinical practice and health systems, as well as to policy design, professional training, and health services research. In light of the relevance of the CRC and principles of child rights to children’s health and child health practice, it follows that there is an intersection between child rights and pediatric bioethics. Pediatric bioethicists and child rights advocates should work together to define this intersection in all domains of pediatric practice.
Theory and Practice of Pediatric Bioethics
Authors: Ross Lainie Friedman
Published: May 2016

This article examines two typical bioethics frameworks: the “Four Principles” by Beauchamp and Childress, and the “Four Boxes” by Jonsen, Siegler, and Winslade. I show how they are inadequate to address the ethical issues raised by pediatrics, in part because they do not pay adequate attention to families. I then consider an alternate framework proposed by Buchanan and Brock that focuses on four questions that must be addressed for the patient who lacks decisional capacity. This model also does not give adequate respect for the family, particularly the intimate family. I then describe my own framework, which provides answers to Buchanan and Brock’s four questions in a way that is consistent with the intimate family and its need for protection from state intervention.
Actions Speak Louder Than Words: The U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child and U.S. Pediatric Bioethicists
Authors: Lang Kellie R. , Lew Cheryl D.
Published: May 2016

In exploring the relationship between “child rights” and “pediatric bioethics” and how these disciplines might provide mutual support in advancing the health and wellness of children around the world, our article responds to the questions of whether the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) could be of any benefit in the United States, the only country that has not yet ratified this international treaty, and whether the CRC has any value for addressing clinical pediatric bioethics’ questions. We describe the considerable influence that the United States had in developing significant components of the CRC, and we argue that the CRC may be useful for U.S. pediatric bioethicists as a tool to advance children’s health policy. We note that ratification of the CRC does not equate with compliance or success. Lastly, we identify a distinction between the use of the term “best interests” by child rights advocates and its use by clinical pediatric bioethicists.
In search of lose wholeness: Phenomenological digression on Jernej Lorenci’s theatre
Authors: Lukan Blaž
Published: May 2016

The article discusses the characteristics of the theatre of director Jernej Lorenci from his directing of The Oresteia (2009) to The Illiad (2015). It defines Lorenci’s break with his former poetics in the directing of The Oresteia, and finds the new condensation of his directing procedures in The Iliad. In the discussed theatre period, Lorenci seeks the possible lapses, soft slips, the play of the alleged that only constitute the true reality, and is not interested in a well-made play. In his shows, Lorenci believes the man rather than the world; in fact, he acknowledges the world only insofar as it is reflected in the man and is projected out of him. His understanding of the man and his humanity perhaps compares to Agamben’s conception of the man as a being who is infinitely missing himself. The paper illustrates the mentioned thesis by analysing two of Lorenci’s figures from The Iliad.
Letter to the editor
Authors: Anonymous
Published: May 2016

An anonymous reader and spectator of the playwright and performer Simona Semenič tries to establish contact with the playwright with the help of performative writing via an open letter. She studies Simona Semenič’s playwriting and her “self-performing” in autobiographical performances, or the victim trilogy, from the point of view of the never-clarified and never-overcome drama or dramatic relationship between the audience and the author. In the second part of the trilogy, entitled the second time, the audience is placed on stage, under the spotlights, with a mic in their hands, while Simona Semenič in the spectacular role of imegavictim in a golden dress and golden sandals with high heels sits on a bar stool and says nothing for the whole time. “And perhaps this is all she’s wanted to say.”
Festival of differences
Authors: Brezavšček Pia
Published: May 2016

The article analyses the 7th Gibanica biennale of Slovenian contemporary dance. It notes that both festival prizes – the jury prize and the audience prize – have, for at least the second time in a row, come as a surprise, and that they represent a sort of subconscious mechanism. It highlights the importance of the festival conference about the Slovenian dancer, choreographer and pedagogue Ksenija Hribar (1938–1999), which also had a role in promoting the awards named after her (now awarded twice). By considering some of the themes in the works chosen for the biennale, which move from the conditions under which artistic work occurs and the objectives of that work to a within dance questioning of form, the heterogeneity of Slovenian contemporary dance is highlighted.
Authentic Learning – Does It Improve Pass Rates and Student Satisfaction?
Authors: Simpson Justine
Published: May 2016

Learning by doing is thought to be one of the most effective ways to learn (Lombardi, 2007). This article explores the findings of a small scale study on one module about whether pass rates and student satisfaction can be improved by introducing authentic learning methods into the classroom by changing the teaching and assessment methods used on a Masters in Business Administration (MBA) module (Accounting and Finance for Decision Making). The pass rates pre and post the changes were monitored and also the student satisfaction scores. Comparisons were made between the results three semesters prior and three semesters post the changes, reviewing quantitative and qualitative data from 180 students. Leeds Beckett University has undertaken reviews of its undergraduate and postgraduate curricula and one of the key messages underlying university education at the Business School is that it needs to enhance employability. Therefore the consideration of using ‘authentic learning’ methods wherever appropriate would appear to fit in well with this strategy. The findings suggest that the introduction of authentic learning techniques make student learning from this sample more effective in terms of better pass rates and also that the students enjoy the learning experience more. The findings therefore bode well for the further use of authentic learning techniques in future teaching and learning activities and also support current literature in this area. The module continues to use the changes introduced and has experienced much higher pass rates and student satisfaction as a result.
Comparing Professional and Academic Qualifications as a Route to Institutional Curriculum Change
Authors: Garbett Chris
Published: May 2016

There are many current initiatives concerned with achieving institutional changes to curricula. These include, inter alia, various versions of online learning, distance learning and work-based learning. This paper considers blending academic curricula and qualifications with professional body curricula and qualifications as a possible way of achieving cost-effective curricula change. The author’s home institution currently delivers Academic Qualifications in Facilities Management (FM); a BSc (Hons) and an MSc. The institution also delivers the Professional Qualifications for the relevant professional body, the British Institute of Facilities Management (BIFM), at levels 4, 5 and 6.All qualifications and awards are delivered by web-based distance learning. This paper analyses the content and assessment of the Professional Qualification and compares the Professional Qualification with the equivalent Academic Qualification. Using both quantitative and qualitative analysis the paper finds that the Professional Qualification is more challenging and more rigorous than the Academic Qualification. The expectations of the learners from the professional body are higher than the expectations of the students from the university. The implications of this finding are then considered. Given that the Professional Qualification is more challenging and rigorous, could the institutional curricula be changed so that the Professional Qualification could be integrated into an Academic Qualification, thus opening a vocational route for a degree? The paper concludes with a brief consideration of the financial costs and other implications of such an institutional curricula change.