bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Survival Analysis of ChatGPT o1, ChatGPT-4o, and Tumor Board Treatment Recommendations in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma - A study of 1757 cases
Authors: Schmidl Benedikt , Hoch Cosima , Shoykhet Maria , Weiser Tobias , Pigorsch Steffi , Stögbauer Fabian , Wollenberg Barbara , Hussain Timon , Wirth Markus
Published: January 2025

(1) Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated potential in supporting decision making processes in oncology by assisting the multidisciplinary tumor board (MDT). This study evaluates the performance of two AI-based decision-support tools, the most recently introduced ChatGPT o1 and the established ChatGPT 4o, compared to MDT treatment recommendations in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Survival outcomes and treatment patterns were analyzed in a large publicly accessible patient cohort;
(2) Materials and Methods: 1843 HNSCC cases of the University of Michigan SPORE clinical outcomes analytic dataset were analyzed, and 1,757 patients were included in the final study. Treatment recommendations by ChatGPT o1, ChatGPT 4o, and the MDT were compared using clinical data from the cohort. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for confounders such as tumor stage, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), HPV status, and p16 expression. Subgroup analyses by tumor stage and location were conducted, and treatment modalities were compared across the three groups. For validation purposes, the TCGA HNSCC dataset of 528 cases was analyzed;
(3) Results: ChatGPT o1 treatment recommendations yielded significantly better overall survival compared to both ChatGPT-4o and the MDT in unadjusted Kaplan-Meier analysis (log-rank test p < 0.0001). However, the survival advantage was based on a tumor stage distribution bias as ChatGPT o1 favored early-stage patients for its recommendations. After adjustment for covariates, no significant differences were observed in survival between ChatGPT o1, ChatGPT-4o, and the MDT. Tumor stage remained the strongest predictor of survival (HR: 1.34 per stage increment, 95% CI: 1.24–1.44, p < 0.0001). Similar results were also demonstrated in the independent validation TCGA cohort;
(4) Discussion: While ChatGPT o1’s treatment recommendations yielded better survival outcomes in this study; these results were driven mostly by stage-based selection bias. After adjustment, no statistically significant survival advantage was observed among the three treatment groups. Differences in treatment modality preferences and patient selection emphasize potential AI-driven opportunities and potential "outside-the-box" reasoning for personalizing treatment strategies and highlight the importance of stage-stratified analyses when comparing AI-based decision-support tools to traditional tumor boards. This study lays the foundation for the use of ChatGPT o1 in simulating clinical decision-making.
Metabolic Profiling and Substrate Utilization of Hericium erinaceus (Lion’s Mane) Mycelia Isolate Using Biolog Phenotype Microarray
Authors: Boudagga Soumaya , Hamdi Chadlia , Mahmoudi Henda
Published: January 2025

Hericium erinaceus, has long been recognized in traditional Chinese medicine for its extensive health benefits. H. erinaceus is notable for its production of various bioactive compounds. Among these, the terpenoid compounds hericenones and erinacines, derived from fruiting bodies and cultured mycelia respectively, have been particularly highlighted for their ability to stimulate nerve growth factor (NGF) synthesis, contributing to the mushroom's neuroprotective properties. This study focuses on the metabolic characterization of H. erinaceus mycelium using the Biolog Phenotype MicroArray (PM) technology, a high-throughput method for analyzing microbial growth phenotypes. For the first time, Biolog PMs were applied to elucidate a comprehensive nutritional utilization profile of H. erinaceus. The study involved testing 950 different conditions, including 190 carbon sources, 380 nitrogen sources, 94 biosynthetic pathways, 59 phosphorus sources, 35 sulfur sources, 96 osmotic pressures, and 96 pH conditions. The results revealed that H. erinaceus has a relatively restricted carbon utilization profile, efficiently utilizing only 23 out of 190 carbon sources, mainly simple sugars and certain complex carbohydrates like D-Cellobiose, D-Xylose, and Arbutin. The mycelium also demonstrated effective growth on various nitrogen sources, particularly Urea and D-glucosamine, and was capable of growing on all sulfur sources and most phosphorus sources with few exceptions. Additionally, H. erinaceus exhibited growth under 94 biosynthetic pathways, 65 osmotic pressures, and 56 pH conditions tested. This detailed metabolic characterization not only enhances our understanding of H. erinaceus' nutritional requirements and metabolic capabilities but also provides valuable insights into its potential applications in the development of functional foods and alternative medicines.
Atractyloside-A ameliorates spleen deficiency diarrhea in mice by modulating Lactobacillus johnsonii to enhance butyrate production, activating GPR43, and inhibiting the assembly of NLRP3
Authors: Xiao Yangxin , Ke Chang , Wang Dongpeng , Chen Niping , Chen Gaoyuan , Qu Linghang , Liu Yanju
Published: January 2025

Background
Spleen-deficiency diarrhea (SDD) is recognized in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as a prevalent gastrointestinal ailment, primarily characterized by chronic and persistent diarrhea, akin to classifications in Western medicine. The disruption of the intestinal barrier and the appearance of intestinal inflammation are the direct causes of the occurrence of SDD. Therefore, restoring the integrity of the intestinal barrier and reducing inflammation is an important strategy for relieving SDD. Atractyloside-A (AA), a major bioactive compound derived from the post-processing of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC., is recognized as a crucial component that enhances the spleen-strengthening effects following the processing of this herb. Previous studies have indicated that AA is effective in treating SDD through the modulation of gut microbiota; however, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular pathways by which AA exerts its therapeutic effects on SDD.
Results
This study showed that AA significantly increased the abundance of Lactobacillus johnsonii, promoted butyrate production, enhanced GPR43 expression, and modulated the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. This modulation inhibited the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome, alleviated inflammation, reversed mucin synthesis damage, and reduced the pathological symptoms associated with SDD. Moreover, administration of Lactobacillus johnsonii, NaB, and SCFAs individually resulted in significant improvements in various SDD-related phenotypes. However, the beneficial effects of AA and NaB were abolished following the administration of AAV-shGPR43.
Conclusion
AA enhances butyrate production by regulating Lactobacillus johnsonii, activates GPR43, and inhibits the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome through modulation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, thereby ameliorating SDD in mice.
CAS-FGvit: An Efficient Convolutional Additive Mixer for Fine-Grained Classification
Authors: Zhang Fangyan , Wu Pengju , Hu Chunsheng , An Wei , Liang Xiaojie
Published: January 2025

Fine-grained visual classification (FGVC) aims to recognize objects from subcategories, which is a very challenging task due to the subtle inter-class differences in nature. Most existing works mainly address this problem by reusing the backbone network to extract features of detected discriminative regions. However, this strategy inevitably complicates the process and forces the proposed regions to contain large parts of the object, thus failing to find the truly important parts. Recently, Convolutional Additive Visual Transformer (CAS-ViT) has shown outstanding performance in traditional classification tasks. In this work, we first evaluate the effectiveness of the CAS-ViT framework in the fine-grained recognition setting. First, we propose a part selection module that integrates all the original attention weights of the Transformer into the attention map to guide the network to effectively and accurately select discriminative image patches and compute their relations. Then, we propose an efficient multi-scale attention module to further reduce the computational workload. The enhanced model based on CAS-ViT is named CAS-FGvit and demonstrated its value by conducting experiments on the Lycium barbarum dataset and three popular fine-grained benchmarks, where we achieve state-of-the-art performance. To better understand our model, we present qualitative results.
Direct synthesis of an iron metal-organic framework antiferromagnetic glass
Authors: Espallargas Guillermo Minguez , León-Alcaide Luis , Martínez-Goyeneche Lucía , Sessolo Michele , Vieira Bruno , Waerenborgh Joao , Rodríguez-Velamazán José , Fabelo Oscar , Cliffe Matthew , Keen David
Published: January 2025

Glasses are ubiquitous in our everyday lives but still pose fundamental questions about the nature of order in solids. Typically formed by the rapid cooling of a liquid, these amorphous solids have broad applications, with vitreous silica (SiO2) the most well-known example.1 Most functional glasses are purely inorganic solids, restricting the range of functional properties feasible.2 Recently, a number of new metal-organic framework (MOF) glasses containing molecular components has been discovered by heating their crystalline counterparts to a melting point followed by a rapid cooling, thereby expanding the potential applications of glass materials.3–5 However, the melt-quenched (MQ) approach is limited to MOFs that melt, which is very restrictive as most MOFs readily decompose at heating to comparatively low temperatures.6 The low decomposition temperatures mean that glassy MOF samples typically include impurity decomposition products detrimental to functionality, as optical, electronic and magnetic contaminants. In this work, we present a direct route to prepare a family of MOF glasses without a meltable crystalline precursor. This route produces high-purity iron (II) MOF glasses, avoiding the oxidation and partial degradation commonly associated with the conventional melt-quenching process. The absence of magnetic impurities allows us to study the magnetic properties of the MOF glass itself and show that MOF glasses are good model systems for topologically disordered amorphous antiferromagnets. We also present the functional advantages of direct-glass synthesis by creating free-standing films of glassy MOFs and integrating them in optoelectronic devices. Direct-glass synthesis is thus a powerful route to exploit the true functional potential of glassy MOFs, not only realizing new MOF glasses but also unveiling properties that can be accessed with these materials.7
Elevated cardiometabolic risk markers associated with shift work and evening chronotype
Authors: Wanigasinghe Amanda S. , Perera Dilki S. , Rathnayake Kumari M.
Published: January 2025

Background: Shift work-induced circadian disruption has been strongly linked to various cardiometabolic diseases including obesity, diabetes & cardiovascular disease. Limited studies have explored the impact of different variables such as night work durations, intensities and chronotype on cardiometabolic risk.
Methods: This study aimed to determine the impact of circadian disruption on cardiometabolic risk markers in shift workers. This case-control study was conducted with 104 male workers (shift workers; n=52, mean age ±SD; 43.3±10.2 and non-shift workers; n=52, mean age ±SD; 41.2±9.8). Shift work status, durations and intensity of night shifts were determined via an interviewer administered questionnaire. Cardiometabolic risk was evaluated through anthropometric (height, weight, waist circumference and body composition), biochemical (fasting glucose and lipid profile), clinical (blood pressure) and dietary assessment (24-hr recalls from normal days and from work days). The chronotype was determined via the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ).
Results:Shift-workers had significantly higher mean body fat percentage (31.7, 22.7% p=0.031), systolic blood pressure (138.6, 128.5 mmHg p=0.009), pulse rate (78.7, 72.3 bpm p=0.015), triglycerides (1.60, 1.30mmol/l p=0.021) and LDL-C (3.90, 3.40 mmol/l p=0.012) than non-shift workers. Evening chronotype shift workers had significantly higher visceral fat levels (12.8, 8.90 p=0.001), systolic blood pressure (137.0, 127.6 mmHg p=0.006), pulse rate (82.7, 73.3 bpm p=0.005) and LDL-C (4.00,3.40 mmol/l p=0.039) than shift workers with a morning chronotype.
Conclusion:The number of working hours and the duration of current shift work were associated with cardiometabolic risk markers and the evening chronotype was significantly associated with cardiometabolic risk markers. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and inform targeted interventions for individuals engaged in shift work, considering chronotypes.
THE EDUCATIONAL AUDIO LIBRARY FOR EFL LEARNERS
Authors: Anokhina Tetiana , Kobyakova Iryna , Schvachko Svitlana
Published: January 2025

In order to reach language proficiency, the English language learners are to enhance their English mastery in class using audio and video training materials. We aim at training students to achieve high level or near-native fluency. To perform this task we are training listening and comprehension skills using modern libraries of contemporary speech flows. With the rise of digital media, we can compile the self-made corpus of audio and video materials. Thus, we are to find the needful content that can be tracked from academic or professional issues available online. This task can be performed manually or semi-automatically, with the help of available tools and libraries. We find it useful to be able to compile the library of media libraries for A1, B1, C1, C2, C3 and Proficiency levels. The bank can serve to different levels based on the same resource corpus.
Effect of foliar spray of micronutrient on growth parameter of banana
Authors:   Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu, India., Balaji T. , Manikandan K. ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu, India., Veeramani P. ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu, India., Sivakumar K. P. ,   Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: January 2025

The experiment was conducted by the Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Vellore district of Tamil Nadu during 2014-15 to study the effect of foliar spray of micronutrients on the growth and yield parameter of Banana. The investigation was carried out in a simple Randomized Block Design with three replications and 12 treatments in the experimental field at Kavasampattu village, Vellore district. The uniform healthy 2 months old sword suckers of cv. poovan were planted in pit at a spacing of 2m x 2m after treating the Carbendazim. The nitrogen and potash were applied in 3 splits i.e at 3,5 and 7th months after planting. The Phosphorus was applied by basal. The Micronutrients viz. Zn(0.5%), Borax (0.1%), Fe (0.2%), and Cu (0.2%) were applied singly or in combination as a foliar spray at 3, 5, and 7th month after planting of suckers. Control plants were sprayed with water only. Recommended plant protection measures and cultural operations were made throughout the period of study. Observation on plant height, leaf number and flowering percentage were recorded at shooting. From the findings of the present investigation, the yield per hectare was significantly higher in high density populations of plant height, number of leaves, and flowering percentage with the application of foliar spray of Zinc (0.5 %) and Boron (0.1%) followed by Boron (0.1 %) and Iron (0.2 %). It can be adopted for a higher yield of banana.
Biochemical basis of resistance against major castor pests
Authors:   Principal Scientist, AINP on VPM, PJTSAU, Hyderabad, India., Anuradha M.
Published: January 2025

A field experiment was carried out during Rabi,2021 at RARS, palem to study the biochemical factors responsible for insect resistance. The biochemical parameters viz., crude fibre, crude protein, tannins, phenols and carbohydrates were quantified in five castor hybrids to find out their association with tolerance or resistance against two defoliators Achaea janata and Spodoptera litura and two sucking insects, leafhoppers and thrips. Crude fibre and carbohydrates had a positive correlation with the insect population whereas phenols, tannins and crude protein showed a significant negative correlation. DCH-519 and NBCH-22 with least crude fibre, carbohydrates and higher phenols are considered to be resistant to insect population.
Economics of Flower Production Influenced by Inter- Plant Spacings and Transplanting Dates in Annual Chrysanthemum
Authors:   Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, SKUAST-J, Chatha-180009, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India., Singh Tarvinder , Singh Arvinder ,   Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, SKUAST-J, Chatha-180009, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India., Laishram Nomita ,   Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, SKUAST-J, Chatha-180009, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India., Pandey R. K. ,   Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, SKUAST-J, Chatha-180009, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India., Manhas J. S. ,   Division of Agricultural Extension Education, SKUAST-J, Chatha-180009, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Published: January 2025

An experiment was carried out under open field conditions to ascertain the influence of inter-plant spacing’s and planting dates on flower marketable yield and economics of annual chrysanthemum at the Experimental Farm, Division of Floriculture & Landscaping, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Main Campus, Chatha, Jammu (J&K) during the year 2022-23. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) under factorial arrangement with three replications. Two factors were studied Factor A= Dates of transplanting viz D1 – 10th October, D2 – 25th October, D3 – 10th November, D4 – 25th November and Factor B= Inter plant spacing’s viz.S1 – 30 cm × 30 cm, S2 – 45 cm × 45cm, S3 – 60 cm × 60cm. Data regarding flower yield (kg/ ha), post-harvest losses, actual marketable yield (kg/ha), total expenditure (₹), gross returns (₹.), net returns (₹) and benefit cost ratio (BCR) were collected. The experimental results revealed that the overall cost of cultivation as well as the economics of flower production were significantly influenced by inter-plant spacing’s and planting dates. While evaluating the cost of production for different treatments it was observed that treatment T1 produced the maximum yield of saleable flowers (72486.76 kg/ha) followed by T10 (60251.70 kg/ha). Highest gross returns (₹ 1449735.20) and net returns (₹ 11, 98,039.20) were also recorded with treatment T1. The highest benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 4.66:1 was recorded with T1 closely followed by benefit-cost ratio of 3.79 in T10.
Molecular diversity evaluation in pearl millet parental genotypes using simple sequence repeats
Authors:   Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India., Sagar Sagar , Jangid Kuldeep ,   Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India., Sanadya Sanjay Kumar ,   Agriculture Research Of icer (Botany) Seed Testing Laboratory, Kota, Rajasthan-324001, India., Kumar Anand ,   Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, GLA University, Mathura-281406, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: January 2025

The genetic diversity of of fourteen pearl millet genotypes was investigated using 50 SSR markers. Polymorphism was found in 25 of the 50 markers analyzed. The highest PIC value among these 25 polymorphic SSR markers was reported in SSR marker xpsmp 2251, which was 0.6704. The PIC varied from 0.1239 (3035) to 0.6704 (xpsmp 2251). The power marker UPGMA cluster analysis grouped 14 pearl millet parental genotypes into two major clusters with a 67.5% similarity score. The first cluster has ten parental genotypes: EMRL-14/123, EMRL-14/237, EMRL-14/243, HMS 53 A4, HMS 54 A5, AC 04/13, H77/833-2-202, EMRL-14/111, HMS 30Aegp, EMRL-14/105, while the second cluster contains four parental lines: HMS 58 A1, EMRL-14/103, EMRL-14/127, and EMRL-15/109.
Studies on genetic divergence and principal component analysis in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Moench)]
Authors:   Department of Vegetable Science, Faculty of Horticulture, BCKV, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741252, India., Maruthi Balagoni , Das Sibsankar ,   Department of Vegetable Science, Faculty of Horticulture, BCKV, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741252, India., Chattopadhyay Arup ,   Department of Vegetable Science, Faculty of Horticulture, BCKV, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741252, India., Thapa Umesh ,   Department of Vegetable Science, Faculty of Horticulture, BCKV, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741252, India., Maji Anirban ,   Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, BCKV, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741252, India., Kumar Adapa Kiran ,   Director of Research, SKLTSHU, Mulugu, Telangana, India., Hazra Pranab ,   Department of Vegetable Science, Faculty of Horticulture, BCKV, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741252, India.
Published: January 2025

In the current investigation, 50 okra genotypes were grouped into 9 clusters by treating estimated D2 values as the square of the generalized distance. Among the 9 clusters, cluster II had the highest intra-cluster value (74.77) followed by Cluster I (67.14), and the highest inter-cluster value was noticed between Cluster VII and IX (167.97) followed by Cluster II and IX (152.31). The maximum contribution towards divergence was shown by the characters like PDI of OELCV at 90 DAS (23.53 %), PDI of YVMV at 90 DAS (17.22), fruit length (9.27), days to 1st blooming (9.00 %) and the internodal length (7.69 %). The PCA was carried out to get a simplified view of the relationship between the attributes. From the PCA plot of PC1 vs. PC2 (Dim1 vs Dim2), selection may be refined considering all 8 principal components, with Punjab 8 being the best-performing cultivar having an optimum combination of all variables including OELCV and BYVMV disease tolerance. Seven diverse genotypes were selected based on yield potentiality, disease tolerance, multivariate analysis, and PCA.
A review on Distribution and mobility of Zinc in soil under climate change scenario
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Dr. Kalam Agricultural College, Bihar Agricultural University, Kishanganj, Bihar, India, H Parveen , Paul Sankar Ch. , Kumar Sunil , Fatima Ayesha , sen Shreya , Mandal Ajit Kumar , Berwa Rajendera , kumar Priyanka , Akanksha Akanksha
Published: January 2025

Zinc (Zn) is one of the most critical plant nutrients in soil, among 17 essential plant nutrients.
The activities of Zn in soil depend on different soil characteristics, parent material, climatic
conditions, and cropping systems (vegetation). The distribution of Zn decreases with an increase
in sandy soils, increasing pH or lime content with depth, mounting soil moisture regime, and
being low in organic matter. In general, the solubility of Zn is highest in soil reactions of 4.5 to
6.0 in organic soils and 5 to 7 in mineral soils. Soil reaction and organic matter level regulate the
behavior of zinc and the plant pools available. The formation of dissoluble stable organic-metal
complexes and organo-metal complexes through the organic substance plays role in the
availability of Zn. Adsorption and desorption are the critical processes in soil that regulate the
behavior of Zn in soil and act as a division between the solution and solid phases. Zinc is
released from soil minerals or added through organic and inorganic fertilizers, and equilibrium
reactions become operative between the solution and the exchangeable phase of the soil. The
application of the organic amendment will decrease the potential for leaching. The adsorption,
desorption, and equilibrium behavior of Zn in soil are affected by soil reactions, organic sources,
cation exchange capacity, clay content, and Fe/Al oxides.
Codebase release 1.0 for EMRI_MC
Authors: Saltas Ippocratis , Oliveri Roberto
Published: January 2025

We describe a simple and efficient Python code to perform Bayesian forecasting for gravitational waves (GW) produced by Extreme-Mass-Ratio-Inspiral systems (EMRIs). The code runs on GPUs for an efficient parallelised computation of thousands of waveforms and sampling of the posterior through a Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo (MCMC) algorithm. EMRI_MC generates EMRI waveforms based on the so-called kludge scheme, and propagates it to the observer accounting for cosmological effects in the observed waveform due to modified gravity/dark energy. The code provides a helpful resource for forecasts for interferometry missions in the milli-Hz scale, e.g the satellite-mission LISA.
Awareness of interventional radiologists about radiation protection in medical exposure
Authors: Kapyrina Yu. N. , Biblin A. M. , Vodovatov A. V. , Komissarov M. I.
Published: January 2025

Sources of ionizing radiation are an integral part of modern healthcare and are widely used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. One of the key aspects of the safe use of ionizing radiation in medicine is the competence of medical professionals in the field of radiation protection. The aim of this study is to investigate the level of awareness and understanding of radiation protection among interventional radiologists in the Russian Federation. The research was conducted through an online survey. The link to the questionnaire was shared in communities of interventional radiologists in social networks. A total of 78 interventional radiologists participated in the survey. The questionnaire consisted of 26 questions, 11 of which focused on assessing knowledge of radiation protection. Each question addressed a fundamental aspect essential for understanding and application in medical practice. None of the respondents answered all radiation protection questions correctly. The average score among all participants was 6.1 out of a maximum of 11. The level of knowledge did not significantly depend on years of professional experience (p>0,05). The most challenging questions concerned the biological effects of ionizing radiation. Most participants assessed their knowledge of radiation safety as satisfactory (46,1%) or good (33,3%). Self-assessment of knowledge levels also did not significantly depend on professional experience (p>0,05). As preferred sources of information on radiation safety, interventional radiologists identified online resources, scientific conferences, educational materials, and training courses. Currently, no regularly updated, unified information online resource in Russian is available. Developing such a resource represents the most cost-effective approach to ensuring and improving the awareness of interventional radiologists regarding radiation protection. Simultaneously, efforts should be directed toward enhancing the quality of training courses on radiation protection.
Radiation hygienic aspects of emergency response to major radiation accidents
Authors: Gorsky G. A. , Romanovich I. K.
Published: January 2025

The pace of development of nuclear technologies is inextricably linked to the need to improve and update approaches to the preparedness of effective and adequate response to emergencies. The introduction of new solutions, which over the last few decades have significantly reduced the risks of severe consequences of major radiation accidents, cannot guarantee their absolute absence. Improvement of the systems of deep echelon radiation protection, radiation monitoring and control, the level of training of staff of radiation facilities cannot go separately from the development of a set of emergency preparedness and emergency response measures. The aim of the work is to review the systems of response to major radiation accidents recommended by ICRP and IAEA, and Russian federal laws and regulations. The results of the work have shown that when updating and revising sanitary norms and rules in the field of radiation safety, it is recommended to consider the need to supplement the current system of classification of radiation facilities by potential radiation hazard, with system criteria for categorisation of activities by the degree of emergency preparedness. These criteria would cover not only the operation of stationary radiation facilities for which a sanitary protection zone is established, but also operations with sources of ionising radiation outside stationary conditions, including transport of radioactive substances, operation of ships with nuclear propulsion systems, as well as radiation hazardous facilities located outside the country. The introduction of such categorisation creates a basis for determining emergency response zones and distances, which will make it possible to determine an effective set of radiation protection measures for the population planned by the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation together with the operating organisations and the authorities carrying out state regulation of safety in the field of the use of atomic energy.
Assessment of geogenic radon potential with activation of advective soil air flow
Authors: Yarmoshenko I. V. , Malinovsky G. P. , Yurkov I. A. , Izgagin V. S.
Published: January 2025

Prediction of radon potential and justification of measures for reducing radon concentration in buildings necessitate the study of soil radon transport. The article presents an approach to estimating the geogenic radon potential of a site based on the study of the dependence of the radon flux from the soil on the pressure gradient. The efficacy of the method of radon flux density measurement with artificial activation of controlled advective air flow from the soil into the accumulation chamber was evaluated at an experimental site. The measuring installation consisted of a large-volume accumulation chamber (200 l), a system of pumps, flow meters, and a differential manometer. The results of measurements at 12 points on the experimental site yielded a number of values, including advective radon flux density as a function of pressure difference between the accumulation chamber and the atmosphere (in the range 4–20 Pa), radon concentration in soil air, and resistance to air flow in the soil-chamber system. The results demonstrate that at the investigated site, the potential advective radon flux density significantly exceeds the diffusive radon flux density: the corresponding radon flux density ranges are 23–870 mBq/(m2 s) and 5.5–7.0 mBq/(m2 s), respectively. The air flow resistance in the system of the soil measurement chamber varies depending on the meteorological conditions, with a range from 93 to 2400 kPa/(m3·s-1). On average, under dry conditions, the resistance to airflow is 4.8 times lower than in rain. The radon concentration in the soil varies from 0.6 to 3.2 kBq/m3, with an arithmetic mean of 1.4 kBq/m3. The dependence of the advective radon flux density, normalized to a pressure difference of 1 Pa, on the air flow resistance follows the Darcy’s law. This dependence, taking into account the soil radon concentration, characterizes the geogenic radon potential at the site. The advantages and disadvantages of the method of geogenic radon potential estimation based on the artificial activation of the pressure gradient in the measurement system are discussed.
Cooperation between veterinary and sanitary public administration in Poland: In need of a legal basis for public health provision and confidence
Authors: DZIKOWSKI ANDRZEJ
Published: January 2025

Providing an adequate level of public health is one of the priorities as well as constitutional obligations of public authorities. These tasks in Poland are divided among many different public administration bodies, primarily the Veterinary Inspectorate and the State Sanitary Inspectorate. This study aimed to determine the normative bases and premises that condition the cooperation between veterinary and sanitary public administration authorities in Poland and assess whether the legal regulations are sufficient and efficient. It was found that the cooperation between them is difficult. The analysis identified significant problems that may hinder practical cooperation between public services. The current legal situation narrows the overall scope of public health protection. It was found that the current method of normative regulation requires change. It is postulated that services dealing with various aspects of public health be integrated and unified in the spirit of the one health concept, as the bodies of such a new public institution should have adequate competencies and powers to operate effectively.
4 cows (Bos taurus taurus) by assessing the development of their selected stress indicators
Authors: GRZECZKA ARKADIUSZ , WOZNIAK GRACJAN , GRACZYK SZYMON , WYSZKOWSKA JOANNA , JAŚKOWSKI BARTŁOMIEJ M. , GEHRKE MAREK , JAŚKOWSKI JĘDRZEJ M.
Published: January 2025

Rectal examination can be a source of stress for cows. However, the literature lacks descriptions of cow reactions to a short or prolonged rectal examination, which undoubtedly occur in veterinary practice. Hence, the purpose of this work was to determine changes in the heart rate, blood pressure, and eye temperature values in multiparous cows resulting from rectal examinations of varying duration. The data were collected during the work of an experienced veterinarian. Heart rate, eye temperature, and blood pressure were evaluated in multiparous cows before and after rectal examination. In group I of cows (n = 12), the effect of a short per rectum examination (of up to 1 minute) was evaluated. In group II (n = 12), the examination lasted 3 minutes, and in group III (n = 12) it took less than 15 seconds. Cows responded with an increase in the number of beats per minute and a minimal increase in eye temperature. In the group subjected to the shortest examination (group III), no statistically significant increase in the heart rate was observed (from 75.4 ± 6.7 to 76.7 ± 7.3), while its increase differed minimally between the cows subjected to the normal examination (group I) (from 76.2 ± 6.7 to 82.4 ± 3.7) and those that had undergone the prolonged examination (group II) (from 72.9 ± 3.6 to 81.7 ± 4.5). The lowest increase in eye temperature was also noted in group III (from 36.2 ± 0.3 to 36.2 ± 0.3). Similarly, no change in pressure was observed in group III (from 103.75 ± 11.92/57.25 ± 18.1 to 102.0 ± 5.87/58.75 ± 7.39), but significant changes were observed in group I (from 79.0 ± 6.82/49.25 ± 3.63 to 100.5 ± 5.94/50.75 ± 5.97). The data obtained expand the knowledge of the behavior of cows during rectal examination. Our results are also a valuable source of information for veterinarians involved in the reproduction of domestic cattle.
Los bioestimulantes mejoran el crecimiento de Podocarpus glomeratus, una conífera nativa de los Andes, en vivero y campo
Authors: Francisco Guillen-Cossio , Ayma-Romay Ariel I. , Sanzetenea-Terceros Edwars
Published: January 2025

El pino de monte (Podocarpus glomeratus) es un árbol nativo vulnerable a extinción de los bosques de neblina de los Andes centrales (Bolivia, Perú y Ecuador). Los esfuerzos de reforestación con plantines de pino de monte encaran desafíos, debido a su baja sobrevivencia y poco crecimiento. Los bioestimulantes son sustancias orgánicas que potencialmente pueden incrementar la sobrevivencia y crecimiento de los plantines. Sin embargo, los efectos de los bioestimulantes en plantines de especies de árboles de lento crecimiento fueron escasamente evaluados. Por tanto, se evaluó el efecto de un bioestimulante y un fertilizante sobre la sobrevivencia y crecimiento de plantines de pino de monte durante 6 meses en vivero, así como durante otros 6 meses en plantines que fueron reforestados en pastizales degradados con diferentes condiciones topográficas (crestas y laderas). El estudio fue realizado en el municipio de Independencia, Cochabamba, Bolivia. El análisis de datos fue realizado con análisis de varianza y pruebas de comparación de medias de Tukey. La sobrevivencia fue alta, mayor a 90 % en vivero, y mayor a 80 % en los pastizales. La sobrevivencia de los plantines no fue influida por el bioestimulante o fertilizante en vivero y campo. En vivero el bioestimulante incrementó el 17 % el crecimiento en altura de los plantines comparado con el fertilizante y 20 % comparado con el control. En campo, el bioestimulante aplicado en vivero aumentó un 23 % el crecimiento en altura de los plantines plantados en sitios de crestas y no en laderas. En conclusión, los bioestimulantes incrementaron la altura de los plantines de P. glomeratus, una especie de lento crecimiento en vivero y campo, por lo que es necesario continuar investigando y ampliar el uso de bioestimulantes para mejorar el éxito de esfuerzos de reforestaciones, particular[1]mente en ambientes desafiantes.
Physical and Sensory Characteristics of Mayonnaise Using Functional Ingredients of Galo-galo Honey (Tetrigona apicallis)
Authors: Novia Deni , Walfadillah Reren , Sandra Afriani
Published: January 2025

Mayonnaise results from an emulsion of vegetable oil in acid stabilized by lecithin (egg yolk). As one of the main components, acetic acid is a synthetic material that has side effects if it is consumed at high levels and over a long period. An effective natural acidifying ingredient, as a substitute for vinegar, is the galo-galo honey of the Tetrigona apical species, which has a low pH of 2.70. It has high organic acid content, gluconic acid content, and high antioxidant, antimicrobial, flavonoid, and phenolic contents. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding galo-galo honey on the physical and sensory properties of mayonnaise. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design, five treatments, and four replications. The treatments given were the percentage of galo-galo honey as much as A (0%), B (0.5%), C (1.5%), D (2.5%), and E (3.5%) of the weight of the oil. This study revealed that using gallo-galo honey during mayonnaise affected the moisture content, viscosity, and sensory characteristics but did not influence emulsion stability. The use of 3.5% galo-galo honey for mayonnaise is the best treatment with average values, namely, a moisture content of 20.03%, viscosity of 2347 cP, and emulsion stability of 100%, and the sensory test results were rather similar to aroma, texture, color, taste, and overall acceptability. The addition of galo-galo honey, which comes from stingless bees native to West Sumatra as a functional ingredient, will produce mayonnaise, which has benefits for the body's health.
Kesepian sebagai faktor prediktif ide bunuh diri di kalangan mahasiswa: Studi pada mahasiswa Universitas Padjadjaran selama pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Hamzah Vania Diva Salsabila , Triwahyuni Airin
Published: January 2025

Pandemi mengharuskan mayoritas universitas melaksanakan pembelajaran secara daring. Selama masa tersebut, mahasiswa tidak dapat melakukan interaksi dengan mahasiswa lain seperti biasanya. Kondisi ini dapat menimbulkan perasaan kesepian. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuktikan apakah rasa kesepian dapat memprediksi kemunculan ide bunuh diri pada dengan menggunakan alat ukur R-UCLA Loneliness Scale dan Suicide Ideation Scale. Sampel penelitian adalah 171 mahasiswa aktif Universitas Padjadjaran, dengan 49 partisipan laki-laki dan 122 partisipan perempuan. Sebesar 20.47% dari partisipan memiliki tingkat kesepian yang berat dan 19.3% partisipan memiliki tingkat ide bunuh diri yang tinggi. Uji regresi sederhana menunjukkan bahwa rasa kesepian dapat memprediksi 27.8% variasi kemunculan ide bunuh diri pada partisipan laki-laki dan 30% pada partisipan perempuan. Penelitian lebih lanjut dapat dilakukan dengan menyeimbangkan jumlah partisipan jenis kelamin laki-laki.
Pembelian Impulsif pada Pembelanjaan Online: Peranan Tipe Kepribadian, Kontrol Diri, dan Gender
Authors: Fridayanti Fridayanti , Aulia Rizky Meilani , Hanifah Fithria Siti
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tiga dimensi kepribadian (Extravertion, Neuroticism, dan Psychoticism) terhadap pembelian impulsif berdasarkan gender, serta peran kontrol diri sebagai variabel moderator. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah kuantitatif, dengan sampel penelitian mahasiswa dan mahasiswi salah satu Universitas Islam yang ada di kota Bandung. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Buying Impulsifness Scale (BIS), Short-scale Eysenck Personality Question-Revised (EPQ-R), dan Brief Self Control Scale (BSCS). Penelitian ini memiliki 254 responden kalangan mahasiswa dan pengguna e-commerce, dimana 173 diantaranya adalah mahasiswa perempuan. Data pada penelitian ini di olah dengan bantuan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 20 dan PLS versi 4. Hasil dari penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa kontrol diri tidak dapat memoderasi pengaruh antara 3 dimensi kepribadian dengan pembelian impulsif pada mahasiswa perempuan dan laki-laki, namun penelitian ini menemukan adanya pengaruh secara negatif dan signifikan pada kontrol diri terhadap pembelian impulsif pada mahasiswa perempuan yang dapat diartikan bahwa semakin tinggi kontrol diri pada mahasiswa perempuan maka semakin rendah pembelian impulsifnya. Kemudian terdapat pengaruh secara positif dan signifikan pada dimensi kepribadian Extraversion dan Neuroticism terhadap pembelian impulsif pada mahasiswa laki-laki yang berarti bahwa semakin tinggi dominasi kepribadian Extravertion dan Neuroticism pada mahasiswa laki-laki maka semakin tinggi pula pembelian impulsifnya. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa laki-laki cenderung memiliki pembelian impulsif yang lebih tinggi daripada perempuan. Selain itu perempuan cenderung memiliki kontrol diri yang lebih tinggi dibanding dengan laki-laki.
Model teacher grit dalam mendukung kemandirian siswa penyandang disabilitas di sekolah inklusi
Authors: Muallifah
Published: January 2025

Kondisi siswa disabilitas yang terbatas secara fisik, mental dan intelektual mengakibatkan mereka lebih tergantung kepada lingkungan yang ada di sekitarnya. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan model pengajaran dan pendampingan guru tekun (teacher grit) untuk membantu siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menemukan model teacher grit dalam melakukan pengajaran dan pendampingan siswa disabilitas. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan model fenomenologi. Responden penelitian ini adalah dua guru laki-laki dan tiga perempuan dengan masa minimal 2 tahun yang mengajar di sekolah inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa didapatkan model teacher grit melalui faktor yang mendukung dua aspek grit, yakni consistency of interest meliputi; goal setting, inisiatif, self care, optimis. Sementara pada aspek perseverance of effort meliputi; self acceptance, emotional bonding, social and psychological support, interpersonal communication, proactive coping. Melihat dari model teacher grit tersebut menguatkan bahwa penting bagi guru untuk memiliki ketekunan dan konsistensi untuk mendukung kemandirian siswa penyandang disabilitas.
Establishing the reliability of evidence as an element of its verification and evaluation
Authors:   Elena V. Bykadorova St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Bykadorova Elena V.
Published: January 2025

В статье анализируется правовая категория «достоверность доказательства». Фундаментальное значение категории «достоверность доказательства» для доказывания по уголовным делам очевидна, в то же время до сих пор это базовое понятие характеризуется терминологической неопределенностью. Кроме того, его смысловое содержание не раскрыто в Уголовно-процессуальном кодексе Российской Федерации. Автор поддерживает конвенциональный подход в становлении и развитии терминологии уголовного процесса, поэтому цель исследования – в выяснении вопроса, что именно следует понимать под такими словами, как «достоверность доказательства» или «установление достоверности доказательства». В российских исследованиях по проблемам науки уголовного процесса немало внимания уделяется вопросам проверки и оценки доказательств, ключевым составляющим доказывания. Установление достоверности/недостоверности доказательства закреплено в законодательстве как необходимый способ (критерий) его оценки. В то же время установление достоверности доказательства в исследовательской литературе рассматривается как элемент его проверки. Автор показывает, что установление достоверности – это комплексный процесс, связанный с практическими действиями в ходе проверки доказательств (собирание новых доказательств, сопоставление доказательств), а также с мыслительными, логическими операциями, в результате которых выносится суждение о достоверности/недостоверности доказательства (этап оценки доказательства). Предложено терминологическое уточнение категории до-стоверность доказательства. Доказывается, что «достоверность» следует отличать от «истинности». Отождествление достоверности и истинности было характерно для науки уголовного процесса в совет-ский период, иногда встречается и в современных исследованиях. Достоверность доказательства тракту-ется в статье как субъективная категория, как убедительность доказательства: его качество и содержание должны вызывать высшую степень доверия у субъекта доказывания. Также в статье сопоставляются понятия «недостоверное доказательство» и «фальсифицированное доказательство». Фальсификация доказательства – умышленное и целенаправленное изменение его свойств. Фальсифицированное доказательство – частный случай недостоверного доказательства. Отмечено, что вещественные доказательства обладают более высоким доказательственным статусом именно в связи с более высокой степенью достоверности.
Suspension of the preliminary investigation during a pandemic
Authors:   Zhanna P. Petukhova East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Petukhova Zhanna P.
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются проблемные вопросы, возникающие у следователей при расследовании уголовных дел и принятии решений по уголовным делам в период распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) и при введении ограничительных мер на территории России. В период распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) в Уголовно-процессуальном кодексе Российской Федерации (далее – УПК РФ) отсутствовали статьи, предусматривающие проведение следственных действий в режиме видео-конференц-связи, что, в свою очередь, затрудняло проведение следственных действий в ходе предварительного следствия и, соответственно, принятие законных и обоснованных решений по уголовным делам. Для исключения принятия незаконных решений о приостановлении предварительного следствия, предусмотренного п. 3 ч. 1 ст. 208 УПК РФ, автором предлагается внести изменения в УПК РФ, дополнив ч. 1 ст. 208 Кодекса отдельным пунктом.