bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalência de tontura na terceira idade
Authors: Ferreira Lidiane Maria de Brito Macedo , Ribeiro Karyna Mirelly Oliveira Bezerra de Figueiredo , Pestana André Luiz da Silva , Lima Kenio Costa de
Published: August 2014

Objetivo aferir a prevalência de tontura em idosos participantes de um grupo de convivência do Sistema Único de Saúde localizado em centro de especialidades e assistência à saúde do idoso no município de Natal-RN. Métodos estudo prospectivo. Para estatística, utilizou-se análise descritiva dos dados. Resultados foram entrevistados 50 idosos, com idades entre 60 e 88 anos. A prevalência de tontura nesta população foi de 74%. Destes, 35,1% apresentavam apenas vertigem; 13,5% apresentavam vertigem associada a outro tipo de tontura; 24,3% apresentavam desequilíbrio; 8,1% flutuação; 16,2% pré-síncope; e 2,7% flutuação e pré-síncope. Em relação à duração da tontura, 48,6% tinham duração de segundos. Quanto à presença de sintomas otoneurológicos associados, 48,64% referiram sintomas neurovegetativos, 56,8% tinham zumbido, 56,8% apresentavam hipoacusia e 43,2% apresentavam plenitude aural. Referente a outras alterações, 10,8% não usava óculos; 2,7% usavam aparelho auditivo e 8,1% usavam bengalas, 48% tinham 2 ou mais doenças associadas e 40% faziam uso de 3 ou mais medicamentos ao dia. Comparando-se os pacientes com tontura e os sem tontura, achou-se RP de 0,947 para número de comorbidades e 0,971 para número de medicamentos. Na comparação entre idosos com vertigem e outros tipos de tontura, achou-se RP de 1,197 para zumbido, 1,050 para plenitude aural, 2,111 para sintomas neurovegetativos, 0,480 para duração da tontura, 0,528 para número de comorbidades e 0,758 para número de medicamentos. Conclusão conclui-se que a tontura é um sintoma bastante prevalente no idoso da comunidade assim como a presença de co-morbidades e uso de vários medicamentos.
Apresentação de pacientes: Clérambault, mestre de Lacan
Authors: Ferreira Cristiana Miranda Ramos , Santiago Jésus
Published: August 2014

A apresentação de pacientes é um dispositivo tradicional da psiquiatria, que foi introduzido na psicanálise por Lacan. Este artigo analisa as influências que Lacan recebeu de seu mestre, Clérambault, ressaltando os pontos de continuidade e as alterações produzidas, na prática da apresentação, a partir de sua operação pelo discurso do analista.
O tratamento da dependência química e o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro
Authors: Novaes Priscila Simara
Published: August 2014

Este artigo procura relembrar a trajetória de exclusão provocada pelos tratamentos de dependência química no Brasil e apresenta as formas atuais de tratamentos que objetivam a reinserção social do usuário. Ademais, demonstra que o não cumprimento da política pública sobre o assunto, crenças irreais da população sobre uma forma milagrosa de cura e desconhecimento sobre a legislação e formas alternativas de tratamento, retomam, com novas roupagens, a segregação das pessoas que sofrem com a dependência química, permitindo internações desnecessárias, por ordem judicial e sem o devido processo legal.
Association between pharyngeal residue and posterior oral spillage with penetration and aspiration in Stroke
Authors: Santos Rarissa Rúbia Dallaqua dos , Sales André Vinicius Marcondes Natel , Cola Paula Cristina , Ribeiro Priscila Watson , Jorge Adriana Gomes , Peres Fernanda Matias , Dantas Roberto Oliveira , Silva Roberta Gonçalves da
Published: August 2014

PURPOSE: This study aimed at showing association between the posterior oral spillage and pharyngeal residue with tracheal aspiration and/or laryngeal penetration in stroke. METHODS: Clinical cross-sectional retrospective multicenter study. The study included 63 videofluoroscopic tests of post-ischemic stroke individuals and oropharyngeal dysphagia data of the three reference centers providing care for patients with dysphagia (43 men and 20 women; age range: from 40 to 90 years). These individuals were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of 35 participants with the presence of penetration and/or laryngotracheal aspiration, and Group II consisted of 28 individuals with no penetration and/or aspiration. Videofluoroscopic swallowing test results were analyzed to divide the groups, and the presence of posterior oral spillage and pharyngeal residue was observed. RESULTS: No association was found between the groups with posterior oral spillage (χ2=1.65; p=0.30; φ2=0.02), but there was statistical difference for the association between pharyngeal residue (χ2=12.86; p=0.003; φ2=0.20) and the groups. CONCLUSION: There is an association between pharyngeal residue and penetration with tracheal aspiration in post-stroke individuals.
Avaliação do efeito das concentrações de sacarose e dos estádios de desenvolvimento do fruto no cultivo in vitro de embriões de frutos de cafeeiro
Authors: Jesus Adriana Madeira Santos , Villa Fabíola , Lara Ana Carolina da Costa , Pasqual Moacir
Published: August 2014

A cultura in vitro é uma técnica controlada que proporciona estudar os processos nutricionais, fisiológicos e bioquímicos de embriões em vários estádios de desenvolvimento. O objetivo foi avaliar a relação entre estádio de desenvolvimento do fruto e concentração de sacarose, no meio, durante o desenvolvimento, in vitro, de embriões de cafeeiro. Frutos de Coffea arabica cv. Acaiá foram colhidos, lavados, desinfestados, seus embriões excisados e inoculados em meio de cultivo MS, com pH ajustado para 5,8. Os tratamentos consistiram em combinação de concentrações de sacarose (0, 15, 30, 60, 90 e 120 g L-1) e estádios de desenvolvimento do fruto (chumbinho, chumbo, verde, verde-cana, cereja e passa). Após a inoculação, os embriões foram incubados em sala de crescimento, a 27 ± 1 ºC, fotoperíodo de 16 horas e 35 µ mol m-2 s-1 de intensidade luminosa. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 6 x 6, com seis repetições constituídas por quatro tubos cada. Após 60 dias de desenvolvimento, as plântulas foram avaliadas com base no comprimento da parte aérea, massa de matéria fresca total da parte aérea e das raízes. Observaram-se influências das concentrações de sacarose e dos estádios de desenvolvimento do fruto no crescimento e desenvolvimento das plântulas. Resultados satisfatórios para todas as variáveis estudadas foram obtidos com embriões excisados no estádio verde, inoculados em meio de cultivo suplementado com 51 a 70 g L-1 de sacarose.
Estudo da não linearidade dos modelos de Oswin e Halsey aplicados na construção de isotermas
Authors: Oliveira Isabela Aguiar , Cirillo Marcelo Angelo , Borges Soraia Vilela
Published: August 2014

Os modelos de regressão Oswin e Halsey são utilizados na engenharia de alimentos na estimação de curvas de isotermas de adsorção, úteis em diversas aplicações. No entanto, por serem não lineares, podem-se questionar a validade de previsão do comportamento assintótico, ou equivalentemente, a extensão do comportamento linear. Mediante o exposto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar esses modelos na construção de isotermas com a realização de um estudo via simulação Monte Carlo, no qual foram gerados valores aleatórios de níveis de atividades de água (a w) como variável independente para os referidos modelos. Com enfoque na obtenção dos resultados das propriedades de não linearidade, concluiu-se, por meio da medida de curvatura intrínseca, que ambos os modelos, quando utilizados com altos valores de a w, comportaram-se de forma similar, obtendo-se resultados promissores em relação à complexidade de convergência. Os resultados da curvatura extrínseca evidenciaram que em todas as faixas de a w avaliadas os modelos carecem de uma parametrização que possa garantir um comportamento mais próximo ao linear.
Interrelações entre a profundidade do solo e o substrato geológico na região centro-leste de Minas Gerais
Authors: Menezes Agna Almeida , Costa Liovando Marciano da , Moreau Ana Maria Souza dos Santos , Moreau Mauricio Santana
Published: August 2014

O estudo das interrelações entre profundidade do solo e o substrato geológico de uma área é importante para a compreensão da gênese do solo e seus atributos físicos, químicos e morfológicos, constituindo-se em importante ferramenta para avaliar a influência das características do material de origem no grau de intemperismo e, consequentemente, na profundidade do perfil do solo. Com o objetivo de estabelecer essas relações, levantaram-se informações detalhadas quanto aos aspectos geológicos, como: litotipos, constituição, minerais principais, textura, granulação e cor das rochas das regiões de Cocais, Rio Doce, Sabinópolis, Virginópolis e Santa Bárbara, em Minas Gerais, bem como suas classes de solos e a profundidade de aparecimento dos horizontes B/C ou C. Essas relações foram obtidas por meio de um sistema geográfico de informações e de uma análise estatística simples entre os litotipos e profundidade dos solos. A partir dessas relações foi possível agrupar os valores médios de profundidade do solo de acordo com o material de origem, propiciando uma análise de agrupamento pelo método de minimização da variância (CLUSTERMV-SAEG), utilizando-se a distância euclidiana média. Os resultados indicam que materiais bandados em relação a rochas maciças estão relacionados com perfis mais profundos, da mesma forma que rochas com granulação mais grossa têm maior capacidade de intemperização e, portanto, estão relacionadas com solos mais profundos.
Propiedades reológicas y de adsorción de agua de harina extrudida de arroz y bagazo de cebada
Authors: Cardoso Fernanda Ferreira , Ascheri Diego Palmiro Ramirez , Carvalho Carlos Wanderlei Piler de
Published: August 2014

El bagazo de cebada procedente de la industria cervecera se utiliza comúnmente en la alimentación animal, pero por medio de un proceso adecuado puede servir como alternativa en las formulaciones de productos alimentares ricos en fibra y proteína. La combinación de bagazo de cebada y arroz (82:18) fue procesada por extrusión para obtener la harina mixta extrudida de bagazo y arroz, de la cual se determinaron las propiedades reológicas y de adsorción de agua, cuyos valores fueron comparados con la harina de arroz cruda. Los modelos matemáticos de Oswin, Smith, Peleg (1988) y Peleg (1993) fueron utilizados para explicar las propiedades de absorción en diferentes temperatura (25, 30, 35 y 45 ºC) y actividades de agua (0.11 a 0.97). Peleg (1993) fue el modelo que mejor describe las curvas de absorción de agua. El perfil de viscosidad aparente de la harina extrudida es similar al de harina de arroz crudo; no presenta viscosidad inicial pero se caracteriza por tener menor temperatura de pasta, quiebra de viscosidad y tendencia a la retrogradación.
Avaliação de características físico-químicas de frutos de duas espécies de pitaya
Authors: Lima Cristiane Andréa de , Faleiro Fábio Gelape , Junqueira Nilton Tadeu Vilela , Bellon Graciele
Published: August 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar características físico-químicas dos frutos de 21 acessos de duas espécies de pitaya, Hylocereus undatus e Selenicereus setaceus. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro repetições, sendo cada repetição a média de três frutos. Foram analisados comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos, sólidos solúveis, massa total da casca e da polpa dos frutos. As análises de variância foram realizadas por meio do programa Genes e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste Scott e Knott, a 5% de significância. Foram determinados os coeficientes de correlação de Pearson entre as diferentes características analisadas. Os acessos 02 e 05 da espécie H. undatus destacam-se por apresentarem maiores comprimento, diâmetro e massa dos frutos, comparando com os dos demais acessos. A espécie S. setaceus apresenta maior teor de sólidos solúveis da polpa dos frutos, diferenciando-se significativamente da espécie H. undatus. Altos valores foram encontrados para herdabilidade e CVg, para as características físicas dos frutos de pitaya, estimativas importantes para se determinarem estratégias de seleção e para se estimar o ganho genético. Os resultados das correlações indicam que quanto maior o tamanho e a massa, menor é o teor de sólidos solúveis na polpa dos frutos de pitaya.
Temporal trends and spatial distribution of unsafe abortion in Brazil, 1996-2012
Authors: Martins-Melo Francisco Rogerlândio , Lima Mauricélia da Silveira , Alencar Carlos Henrique , Ramos Jr Alberto Novaes , Carvalho Francisco Herlânio Costa , Machado Márcia Maria Tavares , Heukelbach Jorg
Published: August 2014

OBJECTIVE To analyze temporal trends and distribution patterns of unsafe abortion in Brazil. METHODS Ecological study based on records of hospital admissions of women due to abortion in Brazil between 1996 and 2012, obtained from the Hospital Information System of the Ministry of Health. We estimated the number of unsafe abortions stratified by place of residence, using indirect estimate techniques. The following indicators were calculated: ratio of unsafe abortions/100 live births and rate of unsafe abortion/1,000 women of childbearing age. We analyzed temporal trends through polynomial regression and spatial distribution using municipalities as the unit of analysis. RESULTS In the study period, a total of 4,007,327 hospital admissions due to abortions were recorded in Brazil. We estimated a total of 16,905,911 unsafe abortions in the country, with an annual mean of 994,465 abortions (mean unsafe abortion rate: 17.0 abortions/1,000 women of childbearing age; ratio of unsafe abortions: 33.2/100 live births). Unsafe abortion presented a declining trend at national level (R2: 94.0%, p < 0.001), with unequal patterns between regions. There was a significant reduction of unsafe abortion in the Northeast (R2: 93.0%, p < 0.001), Southeast (R2: 92.0%, p < 0.001) and Central-West regions (R2: 64.0%, p < 0.001), whereas the North (R2: 39.0%, p = 0.030) presented an increase, and the South (R2: 22.0%, p = 0.340) remained stable. Spatial analysis identified the presence of clusters of municipalities with high values for unsafe abortion, located mainly in states of the North, Northeast and Southeast Regions. CONCLUSIONS Unsafe abortion remains a public health problem in Brazil, with marked regional differences, mainly concentrated in the socioeconomically disadvantaged regions of the country. Qualification of attention to women’s health, especially to reproductive aspects and attention to pre- and post-abortion processes, are necessary and urgent strategies to be implemented in the country.
Perceived health in the Portuguese population aged ? 35
Authors: Figueiredo João Paulo de , Cardoso Salvador Massano
Published: August 2014

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the exploratory relationship between determinants of health, life satisfaction, locus of control, attitudes and behaviors and health related quality of life in an adult population. METHODS Observational study (analytical and cross-sectional) with a quantitative methodological basis. The sample was composed oy 1,214 inhabitants aged ≥ 35 in 31 civil parishes in the County of Coimbra, Portugal, 2011-2012. An anonymous and voluntary health survey was conducted, which collected the following information: demographic, clinical record, health and lifestyle behaviors; health related quality of life (Medical Outcomes Study, Short Form-36); health locus of control; survey of health attitudes and behavior, and quality of life index. Pearson’s Linear Correlation, t-Student, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney; One-way ANOVA; Brown-Forsythe’s F; Kruskal-Wallis; Multiple Comparisons: Tukey (HSD), Games-Howell and Conover were used in the statistical analysis. RESULTS Health related quality of life was shown to be lower in females, in older age groups, in obese/overweight individuals, widows, unassisted, those living alone, living in rural/suburban areas, those who did not work and with a medium-low socioeconomic level. Respondents with poor/very poor self-perceived health (p < 0.0001), with chronic disease (p < 0.0001), who consumed < 3 meals per day (p ≤ 0.01), who were sedentary, who slept ≤ 6 h/day and had smoked for several years revealed the worst health results. Health related quality of life was positively related with a bigger internal locus, with better health attitudes and behaviors (physical exercise, health and nutritional care, length of dependence) and with different areas of life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Better health related quality of life was associated with certain social, psychological, family and health characteristics, a satisfactory lifestyle, better socioeconomic conditions and a good internal locus of control over health attitudes and behaviors.
Religiosidade no contexto médico: entre a receptividade e o silêncio
Authors: Pinto Anderson Nunes , Falcão Eliane Brígida Morais
Published: August 2014

Pesquisa realizada em um programa de hemodiálise de um hospital público universitário do Rio de Janeiro investigou percepções de um grupo de médicos em relação à religiosidade de seus pacientes frente à doença e ao tratamento. Foi usada como base teórica a Teoria das Representações Sociais de Moscovici e a metodologia quali-quantitativa de análise do discurso do sujeito coletivo (DSC). Os discursos revelaram o reconhecimento da presença e da importância das crenças religiosas no contexto da assistência médica, sendo elas valorizadas como um recurso psicológico tanto no enfrentamento das dificuldades da doença e do tratamento, no caso dos pacientes, quanto no enfrentamento das situações difíceis vividas no exercício profissional, no caso dos médicos. Também evidenciaram a existência de dificuldades em conversar sobre o assunto com os pacientes e o silêncio sobre ele entre os colegas médicos. Os resultados encontrados indicam a necessidade de maior elaboração reflexiva sobre o assunto no grupo investigado, carência de maior investimento educacional na formação médica no que se refere às questões religiosas e maior divulgação, entre os médicos, de trabalhos publicados sobre o assunto.
O contexto formativo em uma instituição federal de ensino superior (IFES) em consolidação: visão dos alunos de fisioterapia
Authors: Faria Karen Nubya , Nogueira Ricardo , Ramos Maquele Lago , Neves Dâmares Ribeiro , Ribeiro Camila Lima , Santos Ana Paula
Published: August 2014

Este estudo proporciona uma apreciação do perfil dos alunos de Fisioterapia da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, apurando possíveis causas de evasão, e analisa as opiniões destes em relação a sua formação e a esta nova Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior (Ifes) em expansão. Trata-se de um estudo observacional descritivo. Participaram 175 alunos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário com questões abertas, fechadas e do tipo Likert, que abordaram as áreas: pessoal, interpessoal, curso, carreira e institucional. Os alunos da cidade ou região representam 20% dos graduandos, e a renda familiar destes é variada. A maioria dos alunos escolheu estudar nesta Ifes por buscar um ensino superior de qualidade e gratuito. Após a conclusão do curso, 76% dos alunos pretendem fazer pós-graduação. Para a maioria, a estrutura física e o corpo docente são adequados ao aprendizado, mas a prestação de serviços não. Conhecendo as necessidades e expectativas dos alunos, podem-se propor soluções para melhoria e progresso de todos: alunos, curso, instituição e comunidade.
Desempenho agronômico, heterose e estabilidade fenotípica de genótipos de cebola
Authors: Quartiero Anderson , Faria Marcos V , Resende Juliano TV , Figueiredo Alex ST , Camargo Letícia KP , Santos Ricardo L , Kobori Rômulo F
Published: August 2014

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico, a heterose e a estabilidade fenotípica de 50 genótipos de cebola (uma linhagem e oito híbridos experimentais do grupo Baia, 10 linhagens e 22 híbridos experimentais do grupo Crioula, seis variedades de polinização aberta e três híbridos comerciais) em três épocas de cultivo em Guarapuava-PR, na safra 2010/2011. Três experimentos foram conduzidos no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com três repetições. As mudas com 45 dias de idade foram transplantadas em 27 de maio, 30 de junho e 03 de agosto. Foram avaliadas características agronômicas dos bulbos. Para a estabilidade fenotípica dos genótipos foi feita a análise pelo método de Annicchiarico. Foi estimada a heterose de sete híbridos. A primeira época proporcionou os maiores valores de massa média e a maior produtividade de bulbos; a terceira época proporcionou as médias mais baixas. Para a produtividade de bulbos, apenas 26% dos genótipos apresentaram índice de confiança geral (wi) acima de 100%. Os híbridos experimentais HB1266, HB2285, HC3119, HC3126, HC3479 e HC3488 apresentaram os maiores índices de confiança para a produtividade, embora na primeira época não tenham participado do grupo dos genótipos mais produtivos. A heterose média observada para a massa média dos bulbos foi de 38%, com variação de 16% (HC3485) a 63% (híbrido HC3483) e para a produtividade foi de 36%, variando de 16% (HC3485) a 57% (HC3483).
Desenvolvimento de formadores de filmes poliméricos orgânico-inorgânico para liberação controlada de fármacos e tratamento de feridas
Authors: Junior João Augusto Oshiro , Shiota Leticia Moriya , Chiavacci Leila Aparecida
Published: August 2014

Sistemas poliméricos formadores de filmes representam uma nova e pouco explorada tecnologia em sistemas capazes de proteger a pele ou feridas e ainda liberar fármacos de forma controlada. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o uso de materiais poliméricos híbridos ureasil-poliéter sintetizados pelo processo sol-gel como sistema formador de filmes contendo o fármaco modelo sulfadiazina de prata. O tempo de formação do filme pode ser controlado através da modificação da razão precursor/catalisador utilizada durante as etapas de hidrólise e condensação. Os resultados mostraram que a proporção precursor/catalisador influencia as características visuais do filme e o seu tempo de formação. A proporção precursor/catalisador igual a 20,8 m/v foi considerada ideal por proporcionar a formação de filmes homogêneos e transparentes em um tempo menor que cinco minutos. O perfil de liberação da sulfadiazina de prata é dependente das características das matrizes: matrizes mais hidrofóbicas como ureasil-POP levam a uma liberação lenta, devido principalmente ao baixo intumescimento da matriz. A matriz mais hidrofílica ureasil-POE possui grande capacidade de intumescer o quefavorece uma liberação mais rápida do fármaco. O conjunto de resultados apresentado revela a possibilidade de utilização futura destes sistemas no tratamento de feridas causadas por queimaduras.
Legal Challenges in Government Imposition of Water Conservation: The Kansas Example
Authors: Peck John C.
Published: August 2014

This article deals with legal challenges in conserving water in the United States, using Kansas as an example. The focus is on one aspect of American water allocation law—the extent to which a state can force reductions in pumping by holders of water rights. It explains the hybrid nature of water rights, which on the one hand are “real property rights,” and yet on the other hand they are viewed as rights only to use water and not to own the water itself. Because they are a kind of property right, they are protected by the fifth amendment to the U.S. Constitution against “takings” by the government without compensation. The question becomes: to what extent, then, can states demand reductions in pumping without having to pay compensation? The answer is difficult for both water right holders and government officials to predict. The law of groundwater rights in Kansas illustrates the problem. The article describes the Kansas law in the context of other states on this issue, including the historic changes in Kansas' water law doctrines, water management under the appropriation doctrine, the public trust doctrine, groundwater management districts, and intensive groundwater use control areas, as well as recent attempts to foster voluntary actions by water right holders that avoid government imposition of restrictions. Questions remain in Kansas and elsewhere about where the line can be drawn, between acceptable government restrictions and unacceptable takings of property. Future drought caused by climate change will focus even more attention on this question.
Soil Moisture Effects on Leaf Litter Decomposition and Soil Carbon Dioxide Efflux in Wetland and Upland Forests
Authors: Yoon Tae Kyung , Noh Nam Jin , Han Saerom , Lee Jongyeol , Son Yowhan
Published: August 2014

This study examined, first, the response of litter decomposition and soil CO2 efflux (RS) to different soil moisture conditions and, second, the application of various litter decomposition functions in a wetland and upland forest dominated by Japanese alder. One upland site (US) and three wetland sites—a drained site (DS), poorly drained site (PDS), and surface saturated site (SSS)—were selected based on their variation in soil moisture conditions. Litter mass loss, as determined by a 4‐yr litter bag incubation, was applied to Olson's simple exponential function, Berg's asymptotic function, and the rational function. The litter decomposition rate constant (yr−1), which was commonly obtained by the simple exponential function, was highest in PDS (1.181), followed by SSS (0.950), DS (0.922), and US (0.528). The limit value of the litter mass loss, as determined by the asymptotic function was higher in DS (91.7%) and PDS (89.0%) than in SSS (76.9%) and US (70.5%). The rational function provided the most precise fitting of the litter mass loss pattern with few parameters. Periodic saturation and the higher leaf N content in PDS may enhance litter decomposition compared to constant saturation or drained conditions. The RS (mg C m−2 h−1) values, periodically measured using a portable infrared gas analyzer, were ranked in the order US (12.6–355.1) = DS (7.1–324.0) > PDS (5.5–220.9) > SSS (0.0–153.8). More hydric conditions probably reduced the vegetation biomass (in contribution to autotrophic RS) and aerobic microbial activities (in contribution to heterotrophic RS). The RS temperature dependency (Q10) was little affected by soil moisture conditions, ranging from 2.48 to 2.69. It is concluded that the litter decomposition rate and RS were highest under periodic saturation and under lower soil moisture conditions, respectively.
Perspectives in Pediatric Pathology, Chapter 5. Gonadal Dysgenesis
Authors: Nistal Manuel , Paniagua Ricardo , González-Peramato Pilar , Reyes-Múgica Miguel
Published: August 2014

One of the most challenging areas in pediatric testicular pathology is the appropriate understanding and pathological diagnosis of disorders of sexual development (DSD), and in particular, the issue of gonadal dysgenesis. Here we present the main concepts necessary for their understanding and appropriate classification, with extensive genetic correlations.
Perspectives in Pediatric Pathology, Chapter 11. Testicular Pathology of Hamartomatous Origin
Authors: Nistal Manuel , Paniagua Ricardo , González-Peramato Pilar , Reyes-Múgica Miguel
Published: August 2014

The term hamartoma was coined by Albrecht in 1904 from the Greek μαρτ-άνω, to go wrong [ 1 ]. Hamartoma is currently used to name nonneoplastic lesions composed of disorganized tissue indigenous to the site where it is found. In the testis, this refers to abnormal/excessive development of structures that usually form part of the gonadal parenchyma, epididymis, or spermatic cord. We include the following as hamartomatous lesions of the testis and sperm excretory ducts: cystic dysplasia of the rete testis, rete testis hamartomas, fetal gonadoblastoid testicular dysplasia (FGTD), Sertoli cell nodules, tubular hamartomas, congenital testicular and epididymal lymphangiectasis, and smooth muscle hyperplasia of paratesticular structures. These hamartomas are always benign, but their importance resides in their association with specific disorders, or as markers of complex syndromes.
Perspectives in Pediatric Pathology, Chapter 14. Natural History of Undescended Testes
Authors: Nistal Manuel , Paniagua Ricardo , González-Peramato Pilar , Reyes-Múgica Miguel
Published: August 2014

Cryptorchidism is one of the most frequent problems encountered in pediatric urology. Its causes, associated lesions, and prognosis in terms of fertility have been a source of interest and discrepancies for pediatric pathologists and urological surgeons.
Motives for Going International and Entry Modes of Family Firms in Poland
Authors: Daszkiewicz Nelly , Wach Krzysztof
Published: August 2014

Currently, the internationalisation of family businesses (FBs) is an increasingly important research area. Substantial numbers of FBs are forced to expand into foreign markets in order to survive and grow in the competitive environment. However various research findings show that internationalisation of FBs may proceed differently than in the case of firms with different ownership structure. The article is both theoretical and empirical. In the theoretical part it focuses on theoretical concepts of firm internationalisation and specifics of internationalisation of FBs, especially their motives for going international. In the empirical part the quantitative approach was adopted. The results of the survey are presented on the sample of 216 firms, including 88 FBs (were investigated with the use of a survey questionnaire). Then, the statistical analysis is carried out.
Coopetition as a Chance of Increasing The Level of Investments Made by Family Companies in Poland
Authors: Ejsmont Aneta
Published: August 2014

The main problem described by the authoress of the present article is increased investment risk of family companies in Poland by worse economic situation in our country. Authoress’ planned aim of the present study is to demonstrate the joint-stock companies listed on the New Connect market who as potential investors must be aware of the risk connected with investing in financial instruments in The Alternative System of Turnover and their investment decisions should be preceded by proper analysis and, if situation requires it, consultation with an investment adviser, what for many micro, small and middle family firms is unfortunately simply too expensive. The condition to increase the level of investments in the researched family companies in Poland is coopetition of that companies with big holding companies or concerns from Poland and with economic entities from other EU countries. In order to do so was made an analysis of the researched enterprises which are joint-stock companies listed on the New Connect market with regard to the level of investments which can influence intensity of cooperation and competition of family firms in Poland with other economic entities
Intercultural dimensions of entrepreneurship
Authors: Radziszewska Aleksandra
Published: August 2014

Entrepreneurship is increasingly being recognized as an important factor for economic growth and the regeneration of economies. The importance of different cultural dimensions and their effect on entrepreneurship has been noted in a number of studies. This paper focuses on national culture as a determinant of entrepreneurship, and family firms’ creation. National culture is important for interpreting for the differences of entrepreneurial activities across countries. The different dimensions of national culture affect different aspects of entrepreneurship and opportunities family firms’ creation. The paper describes the effect of national culture on entrepreneurship in different cultural communities using the Hofstede’s model and GLOBE study.
Viticulture in The Czech Republic: Some Spatio-Temporal Trends
Authors: Svobodová Ilona , Věžník Antonín , Král Michael
Published: August 2014

From a global perspective, the growing of grapevines in the Czech Republic is of peripheral importance. For a group of grape-growing villages in southern Moravia, however, the making of wine is bound up with local history, traditions and cultural life, and contributes significantly to the local economy. This paper describes the current status of viticulture in Bohemia and Moravia, addressing changes in the number and structure of wine producers and pointing out some qualitative changes that the business is undergoing. Changing consumer tastes have brought a demand for quality wines of local origin, which cannot be met without high quality care of vineyards throughout the lifetime of the vines. Special attention is given to two alternative ways of tending vineyards - the development of integrated production, and organic viticulture - that are developing rapidly in the Czech Republic even when compared to Austria and Germany
Coordination of and Through E-Government: The Case of the Czech Republic
Authors: Špaček David
Published: August 2014

Although e-government as a research topic is rather embedded in public-administration literature, and coordination of and through e-government is visible in European countries, coordination of and through e-government has not been paid much attention. Consequently this paper deals with this topic. Its text outlines emerging coordination practices that can be observed in European countries, and it also indicates issues using the Czech e-government development and some key national initiatives as examples. Th e presented text concludes that although elements of strategic planning may become embedded and institutional and regulatory mechanisms stabilized in the country, other issues such as a weak accountability culture may exist and hinder coordination practices.
A Numerical Model to Simulate the Motion of a Lifesaving Module During its Launching from the Ship’S Stern Ramp
Authors: Dymarski Paweł , Dymarski Czesław
Published: August 2014

The article presents a numerical model of object motion in six degrees of freedom (DoF) which is intended to be used to simulate 3D motion of a lifesaving module during its launching from a ship using a stern ramp in rough sea. The model, of relatively high complexity, takes into account both the motion of the ship on water in changing sea conditions, and the relative motion of the ramp with respect to the ship.

The motion of the ramp changes and strongly depends on its constructional and geometrical parameters. The presented model takes into account the displacement of the submerged part of the ramp, as well as its damping in the water and the interaction with the module moving on it. The results of test simulation of a module launching from the ship in still water are included.
The Quick Measure of a Nurbs Surface Curvature for Accurate Triangular Meshing
Authors: Kniat Aleksander
Published: August 2014

NURBS surfaces are the most widely used surfaces for three-dimensional models in CAD/ CAE programs. When a model for FEM calculation is prepared with a CAD program it is inevitable to mesh it finally. There are many algorithms for meshing planar regions. Some of them may be used for meshing surfaces but it is necessary to take the curvature of the surface under consideration to avoid poor quality mesh. The mesh must be denser in the curved regions of the surface. In this paper, instead of analysing a surface curvature, the method to assess how close is a mesh triangle to the surface to which its vertices belong, is presented. The distance between a mesh triangle and a parallel tangent plane through a point on a surface is the measure of the triangle quality. Finding the surface point whose projection is located inside the mesh triangle and which is the tangency point to the plane parallel to this triangle is an optimization problem. Mathematical description of the problem and the algorithm to find its solution are also presented in the paper.
Flow of Liquid in Flat Gaps of the Satellite Motor Working Mechanism
Authors: Sliwiński Paweł
Published: August 2014

The article describes the methodology and results of investigations of the flow of oil and HFA-E emulsion in flat gaps of the working mechanism of a satellite motor. The flow of liquid in those gaps is turbulent and not fully developed. The article presents two methods of modelling this flow. Method I makes use of the Darcy-Weisbach formula, while Method II bases on the assumption that in the variable-length gaps the flow is turbulent in the area where the length is the smallest and laminar where the length is the largest. Consequently, the flow in such gaps can be modelled as the sum of laminar and turbulent flows. The results obtained in the experiment have made the basis for calculating relevant coefficients and assessing the proportion of turbulence in the flow modelled using both methods
Bead-On-Plate Welding on S235JR Steel by Underwater Local Dry Chamber Process
Authors: Rogalski Grzegorz , Łabanowski Jerzy , Fydrych Dariusz , Tomków Jacek
Published: August 2014

The article presents the results of the effect of parameters of underwater local dry chamber welding on the properties of padding welds. The effect of heat input and the type of shielding gas on the structure and hardness of welds was established. the functions for estimating the maximum hardness of the heat affected zone have been also elaborated
Two New Species of The Genus Eurycope (Isopoda, Munnopsidae) from Icelandic Waters
Authors: Schnurr Sarah , Malyutina Marina V
Published: August 2014

Collections of munnopsid isopods of the BIOICE (Benthic Invertebrates of Icelandic Waters; 1991–2004) and the IceAGE1 (Icelandic Marine Animals: Genetics and Ecology; since 2011) expeditions included ten species of the genusEurycopeG.O. Sars, 1864, thereof are two species new to science. Thus, the descriptions of the two new species are presented herein.Eurycope elianaesp. n. is distinguished from the other species of the genus mainly by two long, slightly robust, simple setae on the tip of the rostrum in combination with the size and shape of the rostrum itself.E elianaesp. n. shares the presence of two long, slightly robust, simple seta on the tip of the rostrum withE. tumidicarpus. The shape of the rostrum itself is more similar toE. inermisand species of theE. complanatacomplex.E. aculeatasp. n. is characterized by possessing dorsomedial acute projections on pereo-nites 5–7, which is unusual for the genus.E. aculeatasp. n. is most similar toE. cornuta. Both new species are, so far, known only from localities south of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge.
Phylogeographic Estimates of Colonization of The Deep Atlantic by The Protobranch Bivalve Nucula Atacellana
Authors: Jennings Robert M. , Etter Ron J.
Published: August 2014

The Pleistocene and post-Pleistocene evolutionary history of many North Atlantic intertidal invertebrate species is well known, but the evolutionary history of the deep North Atlantic fauna is poorly understood, specifically whether colonization of the deep North Atlantic paralleled the patterns observed in shallow water. Contemporary pan-Atlantic species distributions could result from several colonization pathways that connected different regions of the Atlantic at different times (e.g. Arctic, Antarctic or Panamanian pathways). To test potential colonization pathways we quantified geographic variation in nuclear and mitochondrial markers from Atlantic samples ofNucula atacellana, a pan-Atlantic deep-sea protobranch bivalve, usingN. profundorumin the eastern central Pacific as an outgroup. We combined existing 16S data from North and South Atlantic populations ofN. atacellanawith new sequences of 16S, COI, and an intron of calmodulin from those populations, and newly sampled populations near Iceland. Population genetic analyses indicated a subtropical expansion via the Central American Seaway. We found no evidence for Transarctic migration to the Atlantic inN. atacellana, which suggests that colonization pathways may differ significantly between shallow- and deep-water fauna.
Field and Laboratory Methods for DNA Studies on Deep-sea Isopod Crustaceans
Authors: Riehl Torben , Brenke Nils , Brix Saskia , Driskell Amy , Kaiser Stefanie , Brandt Angelika
Published: August 2014

Field and laboratory protocols that originally led to the success of published studies have previously been only briefly laid out in the methods sections of scientific publications. For the sake of repeatability, we regard the details of the methodology that allowed broad-range DNA studies on deep-sea isopods too valuable to be neglected. Here, a comprehensive summary of protocols for the retrieval of the samples, fixation on board research vessels, PCR amplification and cycle sequencing of altogether six loci (three mitochondrial and three nuclear) is provided. These were adapted from previous protocols and developed especially for asellote Isopoda from deep-sea samples but have been successfully used in some other peracarids as well. In total, about 2300 specimens of isopods, 100 amphipods and 300 tanaids were sequenced mainly for COI and 16S and partly for the other markers. Although we did not set up an experimental design, we were able to analyze amplification and sequencing success of different methods on 16S and compare success rates for COI and 16S. The primer pair 16S SF/SR was generally reliable and led to better results than universal primers in all studied Janiroidea, except Munnopsidae and Dendrotionidae. The widely applied universal primers for the barcoding region of COI are problematic to use in deep-sea isopods with a success rate of 45–79% varying with family. To improve this, we recommend the development of taxon-specific primers.
Marine Environment Around Iceland: Hydrography, Sediments and First Predictive Models of Icelandic Deep-sea Sediment Characteristics
Authors: Ostmann Alexandra , Schnurr Sarah , Martínez Arbizu Pedro
Published: August 2014

Sediment samples and hydrographic conditions were studied at 28 stations around Iceland. At these sites, Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) casts were coducted to collect hydrographic data and multicorer casts were conducted to collect data on sediment characteristics including grain size distribution, carbon and nitrogen concentration, and chloroplastic pigment concentration. A total of 14 environmental predictors were used to model sediment characteristics around Iceland on regional scale. Two approaches were used: Multivariate Adaptation Regression Splines (MARS) and randomForest regression models. RandomForest outperformed MARS in predicting grain size distribution. MARS models had a greater tendency to over-and underpredict sediment values in areas outside the environmental envelope defined by the training dataset. We provide first GIS layers on sediment characteristics around Iceland, that can be used as predictors in future models. Although models performed well, more samples, especially from the shelf areas, will be needed to improve the models in future.
Concomitant Psoriasis and Bullous Pemphigoid – a Case Report / Udružena pojava psorijaze i buloznog pemfigoida – prikaz slučaja
Authors: Cvetković Jordanov Lidija , Kandolf Sekulović Lidija , Mijušković Željko , Zolotarevski Lidija , Zečević Radoš
Published: August 2014

Concomitant occurrence of psoriasis and bullous pemphigoid was described in less than 100 cases in the literature. The co-occurrence affects the treatment approach of patients. We present a case of a 58-year-old man with psoriasis presenting with erythematous plaques, tense bullae, erosions and fever up to 39°C. Direct and indirect immunofluorescence and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid. In our case, bullous eruptions were successfully treated with oral methylprednisolone and dapsone, and psoriasis with narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy and acitretin.

In conclusion, the etiopathogenesis of the coexistence of these two entities remains unknown, but it may be related to relatively high incidence of psoriasis and bullous pemphigoid, respectively. Both conditions are immunologically mediated and combined immunosuppressive regimens, directed at cellular and humoral immune responses, usually result in clinical improvement.
Comparison of 3-Dimensional Shoulder Complex Kinematics in Individuals With and Without Shoulder Pain, Part 2: Glenohumeral Joint
Authors: Lawrence Rebekah L. , Braman Jonathan P. , Staker Justin L. , LaPrade Robert F. , Ludewig Paula M.
Published: August 2014

Study Design

Cross-sectional.

Objectives

To compare differences in glenohumeral joint angular motion and linear translations between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals during shoulder motion performed in 3 planes of humerothoracic elevation.

Background

Numerous clinical theories have linked abnormal glenohumeral kinematics, including decreased glenohumeral external rotation and increased superior translation, to individuals with shoulder pain and impingement diagnoses. However, relatively few studies have investigated glenohumeral joint angular motion and linear translations in this population.

Methods

Transcortical bone pins were inserted into the scapula and humerus of 12 asymptomatic and 10 symptomatic participants for direct bone-fixed tracking using electromagnetic sensors. Glenohumeral joint angular positions and linear translations were calculated during active shoulder flexion, abduction, and scapular plane abduction.

Results

Differences between groups in angular positions were limited to glenohumeral elevation, coinciding with a reduction in scapulothoracic upward rotation. Symptomatic participants demonstrated 1.4 mm more anterior glenohumeral translation between 90° and 120° of shoulder flexion and an average of 1 mm more inferior glenohumeral translation throughout shoulder abduction.

Conclusion

Differences in glenohumeral kinematics exist between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. The clinical implications of these differences are not yet understood, and more research is needed to understand the relationship between abnormal kinematics, shoulder pain, and pathoanatomy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(9):646–655. Epub 7 August 2014. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.5556
Impaired Reactive Stepping Among Patients Ready for Discharge From Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation
Authors: Inness Elizabeth L. , Mansfield Avril , Lakhani Bimal , Bayley Mark , McIlroy William E.
Published: August 2014

Background

Individuals with stroke are at increased risk for falls soon after hospital discharge. The ability to react to a balance perturbation, specifically with a rapid step, is critical to maintain balance and prevent falls.

Objective

The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of impaired reactive stepping responses in an ambulatory group of patients with stroke who were preparing for discharge from inpatient rehabilitation and the relationship to patient performance on commonly used clinical measures of balance, mobility, and lower limb impairment.

Design

This study was a retrospective analysis of patient admissions over a 3-year period.

Methods

Charts were reviewed for patients who, at time of discharge, had completed a perturbation-evoked reactive stepping assessment.

Results

Ninety-nine (71%) of 139 patients had impaired stepping reactions characterized by the need for assistance, an inability to step with either lower limb, or the need for multiple-step responses. There was a statistically significant difference in clinical scores between those with and without impaired stepping, but groups were characterized by considerable variation in clinical profiles. For example, Berg Balance Scale scores ranged from 25 to 55 versus 20 to 56 and gait speeds ranged from 0.17 to 1.43 versus 0.26 to 1.55 m/s for patients who demonstrated a failed step versus a successful step, respectively.

Limitations

Not all patients who attended stroke rehabilitation received a reactive stepping assessment at discharge.

Conclusions

Impaired reactive stepping is a prevalent problem for ambulatory patients with stroke preparing for discharge, possibly increasing their risk of falling when faced with the challenges of community ambulation. Specific tests that target the capacity to perform perturbation-evoked stepping reactions may be important to identify those at risk for falls and to direct appropriate intervention strategies.