bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opposing Roles of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor and Neuropeptide Y within the Dorsolateral Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis in the Negative Affective Component of Pain in Rats
Authors: Ide Soichiro , Hara Taiki , Ohno Atsushi , Tamano Ryuta , Koseki Kana , Naka Tomonori , Maruyama Chikashi , Kaneda Katsuyuki , Yoshioka Mitsuhiro , Minami Masabumi
Published: April 2013

Pain is a complex experience composed of sensory and affective components. Although the neural systems of the sensory component of pain have been studied extensively, those of its affective component remain to be determined. In the present study, we examined the effects of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) injected into the dorsolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (dlBNST) on pain-induced aversion and nociceptive behaviors in rats to examine the roles of these peptides in affective and sensory components of pain, respectively.In vivomicrodialysis showed that formalin-evoked pain enhanced the release of CRF in this brain region. Using a conditioned place aversion (CPA) test, we found that intra-dlBNST injection of a CRF1or CRF2receptor antagonist suppressed pain-induced aversion. Intra-dlBNST CRF injection induced CPA even in the absence of pain stimulation. On the other hand, intra-dlBNST NPY injection suppressed pain-induced aversion. Coadministration of NPY inhibited CRF-induced CPA. This inhibitory effect of NPY was blocked by coadministration of a Y1or Y5receptor antagonist. Furthermore, whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology in dlBNST slices revealed that CRF increased neuronal excitability specifically in type II dlBNST neurons, whereas NPY decreased it in these neurons. Excitatory effects of CRF on type II dlBNST neurons were suppressed by NPY. These results have uncovered some of the neuronal mechanisms underlying the affective component of pain by showing opposing roles of intra-dlBNST CRF and NPY in pain-induced aversion and opposing actions of these peptides on neuronal excitability converging on the same target, type II neurons, within the dlBNST.
Human Brain Functional Network Changes Associated with Enhanced and Impaired Attentional Task Performance
Authors: Gießing Carsten , Thiel Christiane M. , Alexander-Bloch Aaron F. , Patel Ameera X. , Bullmore Edward T.
Published: April 2013

How is the cognitive performance of the human brain related to its topological and spatial organization as a complex network embedded in anatomical space? To address this question, we used nicotine replacement and duration of attentionally demanding task performance (time-on-task), as experimental factors expected, respectively, to enhance and impair cognitive function. We measured resting-state fMRI data, performance and brain activation on a go/no-go task demanding sustained attention, and subjective fatigue inn= 18 healthy, briefly abstinent, cigarette smokers scanned repeatedly in a placebo-controlled, crossover design. We tested the main effects of drug (placebo vs Nicorette gum) and time-on-task on behavioral performance and brain functional network metrics measured in binary graphs of 477 regional nodes (efficiency, measure of integrative topology; clustering, a measure of segregated topology; and the Euclidean physical distance between connected nodes, a proxy marker of wiring cost). Nicotine enhanced attentional task performance behaviorally and increased efficiency, decreased clustering, and increased connection distance of brain networks. Greater behavioral benefits of nicotine were correlated with stronger drug effects on integrative and distributed network configuration and with greater frequency of cigarette smoking. Greater time-on-task had opposite effects: it impaired attentional accuracy, decreased efficiency, increased clustering, and decreased connection distance of networks. These results are consistent with hypothetical predictions that superior cognitive performance should be supported by more efficient, integrated (high capacity) brain network topology at greater connection distance (high cost). They also demonstrate that brain network analysis can provide novel and theoretically principled pharmacodynamic biomarkers of pro-cognitive drug effects in humans.
Millisecond Stimulus Onset-Asynchrony Enhances Information about Components in an Odor Mixture
Authors: Stierle Jacob S. , Galizia C. Giovanni , Szyszka Paul
Published: April 2013

Airborne odorants rarely occur as pure, isolated stimuli. In a natural environment, odorants that intermingle from multiple sources create mixtures in which the onset and offset of odor components are asynchronous. Odor mixtures are known to elicit interactions in both behavioral and physiological responses, changing the perceptive quality of mixtures compared with the components. However, relevant odors need to be segregated from a distractive background. Honeybees (Apis mellifera) can use stimulus onset asynchrony of as little as 6 ms to segregate learned odor components within a mixture. Usingin vivocalcium imaging of projection neurons in the honeybee, we studied neuronal mechanisms of odor-background segregation based on stimulus onset asynchrony in the antennal lobe. We found that asynchronous mixtures elicit response patterns that are different from their synchronous counterpart: the responses to asynchronous mixtures contain more information about the constituent components. With longer onset shifts, more features of the components were present in the mixture response patterns. Moreover, we found that the processing of asynchronous mixtures activated more inhibitory interactions than the processing of synchronous mixtures. This study provides evidence of neuronal mechanisms that underlie odor-object segregation on a timescale much faster than found for mammals.
Lentiviral vector-mediated knockdown of Lrb in the arcuate nucleus promotes diet-induced obesity in rats
Authors: Bian J , Bai X M , Zhao Y L , Zhang L , Liu Z J
Published: April 2013

Obesity is currently a worldwide pandemic. Leptin resistance is a main mechanism of obese human and rodents. The downregulation of the long form of the leptin receptor (Lrb) was involved in leptin resistance in diet-induced obese rats. In the studies, we investigated whether arcuate nucleus (ARC) silencing ofLrbwould promote diet-induced obesity in rats. Lentiviral vectors expressingLrb-shRNA were administered to 5-week-old male rats by ARC injection. Following viral delivery, the rats were provided with a high-fat diet (HFD) or a chow diet (CD). After 8 weeks of the diet, serum leptin, and insulin concentrations were measured by RIA, gene expression ofLrbin the ARC was detected by a real-time RT-PCR, and leptin signaling was examined by western blot. TheLrb-shRNA knocked down the expression ofLrbmRNA in infected regions by 54% for the HFD rats and 47% for the CD rats respectively. TheLrbknockdown reduced Stats3 activation and increased expression ofNpymRNA. The rats with reducedLrbin the ARC showed a significant increase in energy intake and body weight (BW) again when fed with a HFD. By contrast, there were no effects ofLrbreduction on energy intake or BW when rats maintained on a low-fat chow. Our results provide evidence thatLrbknockdown selectively in the ARC promotes diet-induced obesity and associated metabolic complications in rats.
Testosterone: a vascular hormone in health and disease
Authors: Kelly Daniel M , Jones T Hugh
Published: April 2013

Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of premature death in men. Epidemiological studies have shown a high prevalence of low serum testosterone levels in men with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Furthermore, a low testosterone level is associated in some but not in all observational studies with an increase in cardiovascular events and mortality. Testosterone has beneficial effects on several cardiovascular risk factors, which include cholesterol, endothelial dysfunction and inflammation: key mediators of atherosclerosis. A bidirectional relationship between low endogenous testosterone levels and concurrent illness complicates attempts to validate causality in this association and potential mechanistic actions are complex. Testosterone is a vasoactive hormone that predominantly has vasodilatory actions on several vascular beds, although some studies have reported conflicting effects. In clinical studies, acute and chronic testosterone administration increases coronary artery diameter and flow, improves cardiac ischaemia and symptoms in men with chronic stable angina and reduces peripheral vascular resistance in chronic heart failure. Although the mechanism of the action of testosterone on vascular tonein vivois not understood, laboratory research has found that testosterone is an L-calcium channel blocker and induces potassium channel activation in vascular smooth muscle cells. Animal studies have consistently demonstrated that testosterone is atheroprotective, whereas testosterone deficiency promotes the early stages of atherogenesis. The translational effects of testosterone betweenin vitroanimal and human studies, some of which have conflicting effects, will be discussed in this review. We review the evidence for a role of testosterone in vascular health, its therapeutic potential and safety in hypogonadal men with CVD, and some of the possible underlying mechanisms.
Aliança da enfermagem com o usuário na defesa do SUS
Authors: Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena , Mello Débora Falleiros de , Andrade Raquel Dully , Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa
Published: April 2013

Estudo reflexivo com o objetivo de apresentar, na perspectiva dos direitos humanos, elementos relevantes para o cuidado de enfermagem na defesa dos sujeitos no contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) brasileiro. A saúde como um direito de todos e um dever do Estado materializou-se como uma conquista da população com o SUS, com os princípios de universalidade, integralidade e equidade da atenção em saúde, ampliando a concepção de saúde para além da ausência de doença e passando a ser entendida como qualidade de vida. O enfermeiro tem grande potencial para desempenhar um papel singular na defesa do direito à saúde e do direito à vida e, por meio de alianças, fortalecer o exercício da cidadania das pessoas.
Almanaque da Dengue: leituras e narrativas de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde
Authors: David Helena Maria Scherlowski Leal , Marteleto Regina Maria
Published: April 2013

Apresenta-se um estudo de leitura e apropriação como metodologia de aproximação ao universo narrativo de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS), usando um dispositivo de informação e comunicação - o Almanaque da Dengue (AD). O objetivo foi o de perceber as formas de construção e apropriação de saberes sobre dengue e saúde por parte dos ACS, além de avaliar a serventia do AD como um dispositivo info-comunicacional. Foram realizadas oficinas com agentes do Rio de Janeiro, com vistas à desconstrução e leitura relacional do AD. A análise das narrativas gerou três categorias temáticas: abundância informacional nos ciclos epidêmicos; culpabilização da vítima; contradições e ambiguidades no trabalho dos ACS como mediadores. O AD mostrou-se um instrumento útil na discussão e apropriação de informações sobre a saúde, devido ao caráter textual relacional e não linear dos seus conteúdos, e ao seu formato interativo e não impositivo de formulações sobre a dengue e saúde.
Política de saúde do homem: perspectivas de enfermeiras para sua implementação
Authors: Alvarenga Willyane Andrade , Silva Simone Santos e , Silva Maria Enoia Dantas da Costa , Barbosa Liana Dantas da Costa e Silva , Rocha Silvana Santiago da
Published: April 2013

Pesquisa qualitativa, que objetivou descrever e analisar a percepção das enfermeiras da estratégia Saúde da Família acerca da importância e perspectivas de implementação da Política de Saúde do Homem. Foi realizada em julho de 2011, em Centros de Saúde de Teresina-PI, com dezesseis enfermeiras. Os dados foram coletados por entrevistas semiestruturadas; as falas foram categorizadas segundo Bardin e analisadas à luz do Interacionismo Simbólico. As enfermeiras consideram esta política importante e suas perspectivas de implementação são de apoio à iniciativa e de enfrentamento das dificuldades para a inclusão desse grupo e das relacionadas ao processo de trabalho. Traz contribuições sobre a atual situação de saúde do homem, para a assistência e consolidação dos cuidados de enfermagem.
Dependência para alimentar-se e consumo alimentar em idosos hospitalizados
Authors: Sass Arethusa , Marcon Sonia Silva
Published: April 2013

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a associação entre o consumo alimentar e a dependência para alimentar-se em idosos hospitalizados, os quais foram entrevistados nas primeiras 24hs após internação na clínica médica de um hospital geral. Participaram da pesquisa 75 idosos com idade média de 70,9 anos, sendo 58,7% do sexo masculino e 17,3% com dependência para alimentar-se. Não foi evidenciada associação entre dependência para alimentar-se e o consumo de alimentos energéticos e construtores, mas o foi para o consumo dos alimentos reguladores como o alho e cebola (p=0,00) e o de água (p=0,04). Sugere-se a necessidade de orientação nutricional aos cuidadores, visto que a dependência para alimentar-se se associa ao baixo consumo de água entre idosos.
Pesquisa Convergente Assistencial: uso na elaboração de modelos de cuidado de enfermagem
Authors: Rocha Patrícia Kuerten , Prado Marta Lenise do , Silva Denise Maria Guerreiro Vieira da
Published: April 2013

O presente texto é uma reflexão teórica da importância dos modelos de cuidado de Enfermagem para a consolidação dessa disciplina e acerca da contribuição da Pesquisa Convergente Assistencial (PCA) na elaboração de tais modelos. Além disso, discute sua importância na convergência dos meios acadêmico e prático, que auxiliam em uma prática segura, sistematizam o cuidado e estabelecem ligação entre o pragmatismo e o cientificismo, levando os enfermeiros a adotarem posturas de construção de conhecimento mais sólidas.
Erosion factors and magnetic susceptibility in differet compartments of a slope in Gilbués-PI, Brazil
Authors: Santos Hélio L. , Marques Júnior José , Matias Sammy S. R. , Siqueira Diego S. , Martins Filho Marcílio V.
Published: April 2013

The erosion is the degradation of soil with effects on crop productivity and pollution of the environment. To understand the spatial variability of this phenomenon, geostatistical techniques and concepts of soil-landscape can be used to identify landscape compartments with different potential of erosion. The aim of this study was to understand the factors of erosion in landscape compartments and the relations with the magnetic susceptibility (MS) of the soils in a slope in Gilbués, state of Piauí (PI), Brazil. Sampling meshes were set in compartments I and II with 121 points and in compartment III with 99 points spaced every 10 meters. There was significant difference to erodibility (K) and risk of erosion (RE); the spatial variability of MS was lower than the factors of soil erosion. The soil losses (A), the natural erosion potential (NEP), the RE and the MS had spatial relation with the topographic factor, indicating dependence of the erosion with the relief. We concluded that losses of soil, natural erosion potential and risk of erosion have spatial relation with the topographic factor, showing the dependence of the erosion factors with the relief. The soil magnetic susceptibility can be used as an auxiliary variable in the indirect quantification of the erodibility factor and the risk of soil erosion.
Custos da irrigação e receita líquida do feijoeiro em um sistema pivô central sob variação do comprimento da tubulação de recalque e desnível topográfico
Authors: Oliveira Júlio S. de , Zocoler João L.
Published: April 2013

Neste trabalho, foi simulado o custo da irrigação de um sistema tipo pivô central com diferentes comprimentos da tubulação de recalque e desníveis topográficos na produção do feijoeiro comum, na região de Ilha Solteira -SP, bem como sua receita líquida. Considerou-se uma área irrigada pelo equipamento de 103,58 ha, sendo sua configuração a mais econômica possível para as variáveis consideradas. A participação da irrigação no custo de produção do feijoeiro variou de 14,8 a 21,5% entre as condições extremas, ou seja, do menor desnível topográfico (40 m) e comprimento da tubulação de recalque (2.000 m) ao maior desnível (80 m) e comprimento (3.000 m). Em todas as configurações do sistema de irrigação e com os preços praticados em agosto de 2008 ou com o preço histórico médio, seria viável a cultura do feijoeiro, proporcionando rendas líquidas de até R$ 3.959,64 ha-1 e até R$ 1.203,14 ha-1, respectivamente.
Sowing depths of brachiaria in intercropping with corn in no tillage planting
Authors: Gazola Rodolfo de N. , Melo Luiz M. M. de , Dinalli Raíssa P. , Teixeira Filho Marcelo C. M. , Garcia Cássia M. de P.
Published: April 2013

The forage production in crop-livestock integration is critical both for formation of straw for no tillage planting and food for livestock farm. The experiment was conducted in the autumn/winter of 2009 and 2010, in the city of Selvíria -state of Mato Grosso do Sul -MS, Brazil, at Experimental Station of FEIS/UNESP. The objective was to evaluate the optimal depth for deposition of seeds of two Brachiaria species intercropped with corn with emphasis on grain yield and straw. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a factorial scheme 3 x 3, with four replications. The main treatments were two species of Brachiaria (Urochloa brizantha "Marandú" and Urochloa ruziziensis), which seeds were mixed with corn fertilizer and a control treatment (without intercropping). Secondary treatments consisted of three depths (8; 10 and 16 cm) in the deposition of fertilizer (in the consortium and the control treatments). The intercropping corn with Brachiaria produced similar amounts of straw. The straw total production was higher when intercropped and decreased with depth. The consortium with U. ruziziensis provided higher grain yield of corn in relation to U. brizantha, in 2010. The sowing depth of forages did not affect corn yield.
Draft prediction models for soil engaging tines in two soils of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Machado Antônio L. T. , Trein Carlos R.
Published: April 2013

The draft forces of soil engaging tines and theoretical analysis compared to existing mathematical models, have yet not been studied in Rio Grande do Sul soils. From the existing models, those which can get the closest fitting draft forces to real measure on field have been established for two of Rio Grande do Sul soils. An Albaqualf and a Paleudult were evaluated. From the studied models, those suggested by Reece, so called "Universal Earthmoving Equation", Hettiaratchi and Reece, and Godwin and Spoor were the best fitting ones, comparing the calculated results with those measured "in situ". Allowing for the less complexity of Reece's model, it is suggested that this model should be used for modeling draft forces prediction for narrow tines in Albaqualf and Paleudut.
Una explicación desde el contexto y contenido de las políticas de salud al modelo híbrido y segmentado de atención primaria en salud en Bogotá
Authors: Vega Romero Román , Hernández Torres Jinneth , Mosquera Méndez Paola Andrea
Published: April 2013

Este estudio respondió a la pregunta de cómo el contexto y el contenido de las políticas de salud de Colombia han influido en la implementación de un modelo híbrido y segmentado de atención primaria en salud en Bogotá en el período del 2004 al 2010, a pesar de haberse formulado otro de atención primaria en salud integral. Para ello se realizó un análisis de contenido de material documental, el cual evidenció que el modelo híbrido y segmentado resultante en la implementación está influido por la segmentación, fragmentación y orientación de mercado de aseguramiento y de prestación de servicios propia del sistema de salud colombiano y por la política de Gestión Social del Riesgo, los cuales, en conjunto, imponen limitaciones estructurales al diseño integral de atención primaria en salud formulado teóricamente por la autoridad sanitaria distrital.
Evaluación de la Atención Primaria de Salud en un contexto urbano: percepción de actores involucrados - Bañado Sur - Paraguay, 2011
Authors: Rodríguez-Riveros María Isabel , Bursztyn Ivani , Ruoti Mónica , Dullak Roberto , Páez Malvina , Orué Elizabeth , Sequera Mónica , Lampert Nathalie , Giménez Graciela , Velázquez Stella
Published: April 2013

En Paraguay, desde 2008 se procesa la reforma de la Atención Primaria de Salud, buscando reducir inequidades. Con el objetivo de conocer el rol de la Atención Primaria de Salud en la reordenación del sistema de salud, se utilizó la herramienta Primary Care Assessment Tool para estudiar los Equipos de Salud Familiar en Asunción. Fueron entrevistados 360 usuarios y 36 profesionales. Los resultados cubren las dimensiones acceso, puerta de entrada, vínculo, integralidad, coordinación, enfoque familiar, orientación a la comunidad, y formación profesional. Se observa que usuarios y profesionales tienen percepciones diferentes, pero convergen que el acceso es un punto débil y la formación profesional uno fuerte. Se concluye que hay una importante inversión en la Atención Primaria de Salud, pero la población aún no se está apropiando de toda su potencialidad.
Violência conjugal: elementos que favorecem o reconhecimento do agravo
Authors: Gomes Nadirlene Pereira , Garcia Talita Castro Santos , Conceição Clarissa da Rocha , Sampaio Paula de Oliveira , Almeida Vanessa de Carvalho , Paixão Gilvânia Patrícia do Nascimento
Published: April 2013

Estudo qualitativo, com objetivo de apontar elementos que favoreçam o reconhecimento da violência conjugal como agravo à saúde das mulheres. Realizaram-se entrevista e Análise Temática. O estudo revelou que, além das manifestações visíveis decorrentes da agressão física, a violência conjugal guarda relação com o aborto provocado e com aspectos da saúde mental, tal como a depressão. Os profissionais de saúde suspeitam de violência doméstica diante das sequelas físicas, o que permeia a formação tecnicista de valorização dos aspectos clínicos. Faz-se necessário espaço de discussão sobre a temática da violência doméstica contra a mulher e sobre as questões de gênero durante a formação.
A inserção feminina no mercado de trabalho e suas implicações para os hábitos alimentares da mulher e de sua família
Authors: Lelis Cristina Teixeira , Teixeira Karla Maria Damiano , Silva Neuza Maria da
Published: April 2013

Este estudo analisou os hábitos alimentares de mulheres inseridas no mercado de trabalho formal e de suas famílias. A pesquisa foi realizada na cidade de Viçosa/MG. A amostra foi de 101 mulheres. Os dados foram obtidos através de uma entrevista fundamentada em um roteiro semiestruturado. O estudo permite concluir que qualquer mudança na família, tal como a atividade remunerada exercida pela mulher, produz um remanejamento de funções. Os hábitos alimentares, apesar de sofrerem influência da atividade remunerada exercida pela mulher, não são totalmente diferenciados dos hábitos das donas de casa quando se analisa a inserção feminina no mercado de trabalho.
Sustentabilidade econômica das instituições de longa permanência para idosos
Authors: Freire Fátima de Souza , Mendonça Luiz Henrique de , Costa Abimael de Jesus Barros
Published: April 2013

O objetivo do trabalho é verificar a forma de sustentabilidade econômica e o valor do custo de permanência de um idoso nas Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos - ILPIs. Foram coletadas informações das despesas e receitas de quatro instituições, por meio da aplicação de um questionário e de entrevista, em maio de 2011. O resultado da pesquisa mostra que há uma insuficiência de recursos destinados às instituições, sendo que a principal fonte de arrecadação das filantrópicas são as doações da comunidade, com o suporte da prestação de serviços voluntários. Os recursos do governo representam uma parcela pouco expressiva, pois para cada idoso com razoável condição física o governo repassa R$ 6,71, enquanto para os incapacitantes o valor chega a R$ 7,81.
Práticas para a saúde: avaliação subjetiva de adolescentes
Authors: Souza Greice de Brito , Junqueira Simone Rennó , Araujo Maria Ercilia de , Botazzo Carlos
Published: April 2013

Este trabalho verificou as percepções sobre a satisfação com a vida, o corpo e a saúde de adolescentes, cujas práticas se refletem na saúde bucal. Por meio de pesquisa qualitativa, jovens de Barueri/São Paulo foram entrevistados pela técnica do grupo focal. Seus discursos foram analisados pela análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicam que a alimentação desses jovens é pouco balanceada; o cuidado com o corpo é sinônimo de banho e esportes, e a saúde bucal foi limitada à escovação; recorrem ao convênio pela demora do atendimento no posto de saúde. O conhecimento da percepção dos jovens sobre esses eixos pode contribuir para o aprimoramento das ações e do acesso aos meios de prevenção, tratamento e manutenção da saúde bucal.
Participação Social e protagonismo em saúde mental: a insurgência de um coletivo
Authors: Costa Diogo Faria Corrêa da , Paulon Simone Mainieri
Published: April 2013

Este artigo busca contribuir para a Reforma Psiquiátrica, propondo-se a analisar um de seus atuais desafios: o exercício de protagonismo e participação social de usuários em saúde mental. Para tanto, descreve uma pesquisa, sustentada metodologicamente na cartografia, em espaços instituídos de participação, em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de município da fronteira oeste do Rio Grande do Sul, onde foram utilizadas as seguintes ferramentas de pesquisa: observação participante, diário de campo e entrevistas com gestores, trabalhadores e usuários. Entre seus resultados, o conceito de coletivo indicou a potência de um novo arranjo participativo, capaz de dialogar com as noções de autonomia e protagonismo, constituindo-se enquanto plano existencial fértil para o exercício de protagonizar em saúde mental.
Medical Savings Accounts: experiências internacionais no contexto adverso da individualização do risco
Authors: Dias Filho Pedro Paulo de Salles
Published: April 2013

O estudo oferece uma visão do produto conta-poupança em saúde. Informa suas características e implantação em sistemas nacionais de saúde. Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura relativa às Medical Savings Accounts (MSA) com visões distintas sobre a aplicabilidade do produto, para situá-lo no contexto de individualização do risco, tendência de alguns sistemas de Bem-Estar operantes no mundo. Encontram-se detalhadas as experiências das MSA em Cingapura, nos Estados Unidos e na África do Sul. O resultado da revisão da literatura permite concluir que o produto é inadequado no que se refere ao controle de custos e aponta para os riscos de sua má utilização, com impactos desfavoráveis na saúde pública.
Evaluación de sesgos en el razonamiento sobre probabilidad condicional en futuros profesores de educación secundaria
Authors: Díaz Carmen , Contreras J. Miguel , Batanero Carmen , Roa Rafael
Published: April 2013

En este trabajo presentamos un estudio dirigido a evaluar los sesgos presentes en el razonamiento probabilístico condicional en futuros profesores de educación secundaria y bachillerato. Se analizan las respuestas a 7 ítems tomados del cuestionario RPC (razonamiento sobre probabilidad condicional) de 196 alumnos de matemáticas de último curso y alumnos del Máster de Secundaria en España, encontrando una alta incidencia en ambos grupos de la falacia del eje temporal, la condicional transpuesta, confusión entre probabilidad condicional y conjunta, falacia de las tasas base y concepciones incorrectas sobre la independencia. Se concluye la necesidad de una mejor formación de los futuros profesores, que evite que estos sesgos puedan transmitirse a sus estudiantes.
Different moments in the participatory stage of the secondary students' abstraction of mathematical conceptions
Authors: Roig Ana-Isabel , Llinares Salvador , Penalva Maria del Carmen
Published: April 2013

This study provides support to the characteristics of participatory and anticipatory stages in secondary school pupils' abstraction of mathematical conceptions. We carried out clinical task-based interviews with 71 secondary-school pupils to obtain evidence of the different constructed mathematical conceptions (Participatory Stage) and how they were used (Anticipatory Stage). We distinguish two moments in the Participatory Stage based on the coordination of information from particular cases by activity-effect reflection which, in some cases, lead to a change of focus enabling secondary-school pupils to achieve a reorganization of their knowledge. We argue that (a) the capacity of perceiving regularities in sets of particular cases is a characteristic of activity-effect reflection in the abstraction of mathematical conceptions in secondary school, and (b) the coordination of information by pupils provides opportunities for changing the attention-focus from the particular results to the structure of properties.
O que é número?: produção, circulação e apropriação da Matemática Moderna para crianças
Authors: Valente Wagner Rodrigues
Published: April 2013

O estudo aborda as mudanças nos conteúdos a serem ensinados nos primeiros anos da escola elementar. Em particular, considera o ensino de matemática. Atém-se, sobretudo, à emergência da Matemática Moderna no Brasil. De forma específica, analisa o conceito de número. Leva em consideração, como base teórico-metodológica, estudos vindos da História Cultural. Na análise realizada trata de movimentos pedagógicos anteriores ao que fica conhecido como Movimento da Matemática Moderna: o ensino tradicional, o ensino intuitivo e o escolanovismo. Em seguida, leva em conta a emergência, divulgação e apropriação de uma nova matemática escolar a partir de finais da primeira metade do século XX. O artigo orienta-se pela seguinte questão: que alterações o conceito de número sofre, na matemática escolar brasileira, em finais da década de 1950? Como resultado do estudo revela-se como se dá o processo de produção, de circulação e de apropriação de novos conteúdos elementares da matemática escolar para crianças.
Características patogênicas de isolados do complexo Fusarium graminearum e de Fusarium verticillioides em sementes e plântulas de milho
Authors: Kuhnem Júnior Paulo Roberto , Stumpf Raquel , Spolti Pierri , Ponte Emerson Medeiros Del
Published: April 2013

No Brasil, diversas espécies de Fusarium são patogênicas ao milho, afetando sementes, plântulas, colmos e grãos. Objetivou-se comparar isolados de F. verticillioides e de duas espécies do complexo F. graminearum (F. graminearum sensu stricto e F. meridionale), de ocorrência predominante em sementes de milho, quanto à taxa de crescimento micelial, capacidade de colonização e redução da germinação da semente, redução da emergência de plântulas e infecção e colonização de colmos de milho.Testes permutacionais e análise de contraste foram usados para discriminar os isolados. Análise de componentes principais foi utilizada para identificar as variáveis responsáveis pela maior variância entre os isolados. Com exceção da redução da germinação, os isolados F. verticillioides apresentaram menores valores de taxa de crescimento micelial, eficiência de infecção, redução na emergência de plântulas e comprimento de lesão em colmos, quando comparados aos demais, que não se diferenciaram. As variáveis redução da emergência e redução da germinação apresentaram maior influência na caracterização dos isolados, sugerindo que sementes infectadas com isolados de qualquer uma das espécies do complexo F. graminearum testadas representam maior risco ao estabelecimento da cultura do que isolados de F. verticillioides.
Desempenho agronômico da cultura do milho e espécies forrageiras em sistema de Integração Lavoura-Pecuária no Cerrado
Authors: Garcia Cássia Maria de Paula , Andreotti Marcelo , Teixeira Filho Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto , Buzetti Salatiér , Celestrino Thiago de Souza , Lopes Keny Samejima Mascarenhas
Published: April 2013

O consórcio entre culturas leva à competição por fatores de produção como água, luz e nutrientes, porém, atualmente, é comum o cultivo integrado do milho com forrageiras para recuperação e renovação de pastagens degradadas, diversificação na renda dos produtores e produção de massa seca para sustentabilidade da agricultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico e o teor de nitrogênio da cultura do milho consorciado com forrageiras dos gêneros Panicum e Brachiaria. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. O experimento foi constituído de oito tipos de consórcio do milho com: Panicum maximum cv. 'Tanzânia', semeado simultaneamente (MTS) ou por ocasião da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura do milho (MTC); Panicum maximum cv. 'Mombaça', semeado simultaneamente (MMS) ou por ocasião da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura (MMC); Brachiaria brizantha cv. 'MG-5', semeado simultaneamente (MBS) ou por ocasião da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura (MBC); Brachiaria ruziziensis, semeado simultaneamente (MRS) ou por ocasião da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura (MRC), além do cultivo do milho sem consorciação (MSC). Quando a cultura do milho atingiu o estádio V6, procedeu-se à adubação de cobertura com 100kg ha-1 de N para os 9 tratamentos. Os consórcios de forrageiras dos gêneros Panicum e Brachiaria com o milho não afetam o teor N foliar, os componentes de produção e a produtividade de grãos de milho, quando comparados com o cultivo solteiro. As maiores produtividades de massa seca das forrageiras foram nos consórcios semeados na ocasião da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura do milho.
The authenticity of the being nursing-professor in the nursing care teaching practice: a Heideggerian hermeneutics
Authors: Sebold Luciara Fabiane , Carraro Telma Elisa
Published: April 2013

This qualitative study aimed to unveil the authenticity of the being nurse-professor in the nursing care teaching practice. The study applied the theoretical-methodological framework of Heideggerian hermeneutics. The strategy used to capture meaning was the phenomenological interview carried out with 11 professors. The organization and analysis of data allowed for the unfolding of the authenticity of the being nurse-professor, revealing that both are authentic in their professional careers and, as such, teach and learn in a different way. This feature makes a difference in the nursing care teaching practice. When led to states of anguish, they seek to follow other roads in order to ratify their responsibility in the care teaching process. Through their freedom to choose their paths, they are made unique beings and thus reveal their authentic existence.
Family of people with a mental disorder and needs in psychiatric care
Authors: Bessa Jacqueline Botura , Waidman Maria Angélica Pagliarini
Published: April 2013

We aimed to learn about the needs of the family which provides care to a person with a mental disorder in the current model of health care. This is a qualitative study conducted in the municipalities of three regional health units in the state of Paraná, using data collection with thirty-two families. Data were analyzed by means of indicators. The results show gaps in the mental health services in relation to the care provided to people with a mental illness and their families with regard to the need for: adaptation after diagnosis of the pathology, family counseling, treatment compliance, hospitalization, financial assistance, transportation assistance, reintegration into society, inclusion in outpatient services after hospitalization, and the bond between professionals and people assisted. We conclude that these requirements need to be explored by mental health network professionals as to the possibility and implementation of deinstitutionalized, integral and decisive assistance to the person with a mental illness and his/her family.
History of Nursing and Health Knowledge Study Group: production of knowledge in the graduate program
Authors: Costa Roberta , Borenstein Miriam Süsskind , Padilha Maria Itayra
Published: April 2013

The History of Nursing and Health Knowledge Study Group linked to the Graduate Nursing Program at the Federal University of Santa Catarina, has been producing knowledge on this subject over the past 15 years. This documentary study presents an assessment of the group's master's theses and doctoral dissertations conducted between 1995 and 2010. A total of 23 master's theses and 12 doctoral dissertations were developed. The group has contributed on many fronts, whether with scientific production that embodies innovative content taught to students, or with the dissemination of its studies' results, which gives greater visibility to its members translates into invitations for them to participate in scientific events and on editorial boards. There is a need to move toward greater integration with other research groups in the field of history and sensitize the academic community to the importance of nursing history.
Perceptions of nursing alumni regarding the course contribution in providing health care
Authors: Higa Elza de Fátima Ribeiro , Gomes Romeu , Carvalho Maria Helena Ribeiro de , Guimarães Ana Paula Ceolotto , Taipeiro Elane de Fátima , Hafner Maria de Lourdes Marmorato Botta , Carvalho Sebastião Marcos Ribeiro de
Published: April 2013

This present study evaluated nursing education based on problem-solving and learning based on problems originating from alumni's perceptions. This is an ex-post-facto cross-sectional study. Results were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative approaches triangulation and through dialectical hermeneutics. In the quantitative approach 180 alumni answered a questionnaire. The qualitative approach involved 14 interviews that searched for meanings related to the notion of ideal care, in order to build indicators that would reveal this evaluation logic. These indicators guided the choice of triangulation questions. Results demonstrated that 85.1% of alumni are working in the nursing market, 92.1% have taken a post-graduate course and 99.1% believe they have the education required to deliver ethical, humanized and founded care. Data analysis demonstrates a compromised education as autonomy and knowledge are being built, and articulated to the Single Health System and the world nursing principles.
Social representations of the sexual life of climacteric women assisted at public health services
Authors: Araújo Ivonete Alves de , Queiroz Ana Beatriz Azevedo , Moura Maria Aparecida Vasconcelos , Penna Lúcia Helena Garcia
Published: April 2013

The present study aimed at studying the social representations of the sexual life of climacteric women. Its theoretical-methodological referential was based on the Theory of Social Representations. Study participants were 40 women between 45 and 65 years of age, who were divided into two groups: perimenopause and postmenopause. Scenarios were two public units of health services for women in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Data were collected through the semistructured interview technique and treated according to the analysis of thematic content. Results indicated three representation fields. Two fields emerged in the perimenopause group: continuity of sensuality and sexuality, and representation of the negativity in climacteric leading to a sexual life without pleasure. The postmenopause group was organized into one representational field: sexual life based on the aging process. The authors concluded that the representations regarding sexual life in climacteric are being redesigned by some women despite many conceptions that still persist in association with traditional socio-historical-cultural values regarding women and the aging process.
User embracement as a good practice in primary health care
Authors: Guerrero Patricia , Mello Ana Lúcia Schaefer Ferreira de , Andrade Selma Regina de , Erdmann Alacoque Lorenzini
Published: April 2013

The purpose of this study was to understand user embracement as a good practice for use in primary health care, according to the perceptions of administrators, health professionals and patients, considering the dimensions of dialogue, attitude and reorganization of health services. It consists of a descriptive-analytical investigation, of a qualitative nature. The Grounded Theory was used as the theoretical-methodological referential. Data were obtained through interviews performed with seven coordinators, ten professionals and twelve patients of the Health Centers of Florianópolis-SC. Under the perspective of good practices, user embracement becomes a point of intersection between different subjects and primary health care practices, unfolding the dimensions of embracement-dialogue, embracement-attitude and embracement-reorganization of services. User embracement triggers transformations in the working process, in the relationships established in the care spaces and in the organizational scope of the services. The interconnection of this triad reconfigures and changes the actions in primary health care and contributes to the consolidation of this health care model.
The hope of women with HIV/AIDS: evaluation using the Herth Scale
Authors: Orlandi Fabiana de Souza , Praça Neide de Souza
Published: April 2013

This descriptive cross-sectional study had the objective to evaluate the level of hope in women aged 50 or older suffering from HIV/AIDS, utilizing the Herth Hope Scale. The study involved 200 HIV- positive women, within the age bracket of interest, enrolled in three STI/AIDS specialized healthcare services in the city of São Paulo. The rules of the 196/96 Resolution were met and the study was approved by the Research and Ethics Committee. Data were collected in 2010 using two instruments: subjects' characterization and the Herth Hope Scale. Results demonstrated an average score of 36.75 (±4.52) on the Herth Hope Scale, with an interval of 12 to 48. This score is below the score obtained with the same scale for various pathologies, indicating a reduced perception of hope by the sample. Nurses should provide interventions to improve hope for these people, establishing realistic goals and strengthening social support.
Daily demands in primary care: the view of health professionals and users
Authors: Santos Tatiana Vasques Camelo dos , Penna Cláudia Maria de Mattos
Published: April 2013

In this qualitative case study based on the Comprehensive Sociology of Everyday Life, the aim was to describe the daily situations that require the use of health services from the perspectives of health care professionals and users. We interviewed 15 professionals and 17 users at three Family Health Team units in a city in the State of Minas Gerais State, using a script with open questions. The data were subject to content analysis. It was shown that the demands result from a combination of the population's social, individual and cultural factors. Care is delivered based on the users' spontaneous and, for the professionals, usually, the users are interested in a consultation, generally medical, including referral to specialists and free distribution of medicines. These findings indicate that health care needs to transcend the biological body and understand other dimensions that comprise the users' daily lives in search of problem solving.
Surgical debridement and the legal responsibilities of nurses
Authors: Santos Isabel Cristina Ramos Vieira , Oliveira Regina Célia de , Silva Mailton Alves da
Published: April 2013

This study aimed at analyzing the legal responsibilities of the professional pertinent to surgical debridement. It consists of a documental study with categorical data analysis. Data were collected through the websites of the Regional Nursing Councils. The material was submitted to the content analysis technique. Results revealed three categories: document subject and text theme, definition and classification of debridement a diversity of concepts and conclusion of documents concerning the nurse's legal competence in the performance of surgical debridement. The results of this categorical analysis showed the need for a single federal organizational policy to standardize the practice of conservative surgical debridement by nurses, considering: the standardization of terms, so as to avoid different interpretations and attitudes; and limits of execution, considering indications and contraindications to the cited method, as well as prerequisites for the necessary qualification.
Specificities of the nursing work in the mobile emergency care service of Belo Horizonte
Authors: Alves Marília , Rocha Thays Batista da , Ribeiro Helen Cristiny Teodoro Couto , Gomes Gelmar Geraldo , Brito Maria José Meneses
Published: April 2013

This is a descriptive qualitative case study aimed at understanding the perception of nurses regarding their work in the mobile emergency care service of Belo Horizonte. Study subjects were 12 nurses and data were collected through interviews and subjected to content analysis. Results showed positive aspects of the work: service resolvability and dynamism, visibility in the care network, opportunity to deliver care and satisfaction with the work. The negative aspects involved poor knowledge of the population regarding the organization and operation of the mobile emergency care service, exposure to environmental and physical risk factors, violence in suburbs, and difficulties receiving patients in the fixed health units. It is possible to observe that the positive aspects are related to the work content and its purpose, whereas the negative ones are related to work conditions.
"Good morning professor, so you are here to evaluate them?": challenges and opportunities in Ethnonursing
Authors: Moita Maria Augusta Grou , Silva Alcione Leite da
Published: April 2013

The role of the ethnographer can be extremely demanding and challenging. This professional frequently experiences unexpected situations and feelings, which result in deep reflections and cause unpredictable problem resolution strategies to emerge. In this study, we reflected on the experience of living this role, based on a study of Ethnonursing. This reflection is based on an excerpt from the field notes of this study. The reflection was adjusted theoretically and complemented the analysis of the implementation of enablers proposed by Leininger in this type of study. The ambiguities, difficulties, contradictions, challenges and possibilities that emerged from the experienced role led to the broadening of knowledge, an awareness of the multiple roles experienced, the importance of care development, the relevance of being accepted by the other, the sharing of experiences and the development of cultural competence. We consider that this role has changed us, promoting our growth as people and as researchers.
Health education and its theoretical perspectives: a few reflections
Authors: Salci Maria Aparecida , Maceno Priscila , Rozza Soraia Geraldo , Silva Denise Maria Guerreiro Vieira da , Boehs Astrid Eggert , Heidemann Ivonete Teresinha Schulter Buss
Published: April 2013

The purpose of this study was to reflect theoretically on the theme of health education and how it interfaces with health promotion. It consists of a theoretical-reflexive study aimed at comparing these practices to the concepts elaborated in the Letter of Ottawa, the pedagogy of liberation of Paulo Freire, empowerment and culture, here comprehended as key elements guiding the activity of the nurse in health education in actions performed by health services. In order to take this reflexive path, the authors analyzed the interrelationships of these theoretical interfaces and their approaches to health promotion practices. From this presented theoretical framework, it is possible to reflect on the possibilities of extending care, based on the premise that all moments comprising interaction with patients of health services must be considered an opportunity to develop health education actions, considering the knowledge of nurses characterized as social actors who are responsible for the events that take place in the health scenario.