bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perkembangan Aspek Kognitif Anak Usia Dini melalui Media Loose Parts
Authors: Mulyati Mumun , Faridayani Faridayani
Published: August 2024

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis besarnya pengaruh media Loose Parts terhadap aspek perkembangan kemampuan kognitif anak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif yaitu penelitian yang menekankan pada data-data numerikal (angka) yang diolah dengan metode statistika. Obyek dalam penelitian kali ini adalah peserta didik SPS Renggali Bekasi Timur sebanyak 15 peserta didik 8 laki-laki dan 7 perempuan. Ada beberapa metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini, yaitu: metode observasi, metode tes, dan metode dokumentasi. Alat analisis koefisien yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan rumus Product Moment. Hasil penelitian ini secara teoritis memberikan suatu informasi dan gambaran mengenai pengaruh media Loose Parts terhadap perkembangan kemampuan kognitif anak, sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan kajian ilmiah agar bidang Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini dapat menelaah berbagai konsep dalam mengembangkan konten mengenai perkembangan kemampuan kognitif anak. Pengkajian penelitian ini dapat dilihat bahwa media Loose Parts dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan kognitif anak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin sering penggunaan media Loose Parts dalam pembelajaran, maka semakin tinggi juga yang dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan kognitif bagi anak
Peran Guru dalam Mereduksi Perilaku Agresif Anak di Sekolah
Authors: Kwartie Risa , Fitriani Yulianti , Nuroniah Pepi
Published: August 2024

Anak usia dini belum dapat sepenuhnya mengontrol emosi pada dirinya sendiri. Salah satu perilaku yang muncul dikalangan anak yaitu perilaku agresif. Guru berperan penting dalam mereduksi perilaku agresif anak di sekolah. Hal itulah yang menjadi tujuan utama dalam penelitian ini yang akan di fokuskan disalah satu Taman Kanak-Kanak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif dengan model studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan terdiri dari observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Subjek pada penelitian yakni dua orang guru di salah satu TK di Kota Serang. Teknis analisis data pada penelitian ini yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian peran guru di salah satu TK di Kota Serang dalam mereduksi perilaku agresif anak pada aspek 1)Pengetahuan guru tentang perilaku agresif dimana guru memiliki pemahaman mengenai pengertian, bentuk, dan faktor penyebab perilaku agresif. 2)Upaya guru dalam mereduksi perilaku agresif  diantaranya guru menjadi role model yang baik untuk anak, membatasi tontonan/bacaan yang mengandung unsur kekerasan, dan melalukan kegiatan membentuk kemampuan berempati. 3)Intervensi yang dilakukan guru yaitu melakukan metode bermain peran, membantu anak menyalurkan energinya, dan memberikan hukuman pada anak berperilaku agresif. Oleh karena itu hasil penelitian ini dapat direkomendasikan kepada guru atau sekolah dalam hal mereduksi perilaku agresif pada anak usia dini.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Make a Match terhadap Perilaku Sosial Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Hasan Mursyidah , Tolla Ismail , Amal Azizah , Herlina Herlina , Akil Musi Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Anak Usia Dini disebut sebagai usia emas (golden age), karena anak akan mengalami perkembangan yang sangat signifikan dalam proses tahapan perkembangannya. Sehingga diperlukan metode pembelajaran yang tepat dalam meningkatkan perilaku sosial anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis make a match terhadap perilaku sosial anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Negeri Bontobulaeng No. 21 Kepulauan Selayar. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan Quasi Eksperimental design. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dan dokumentasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 7 orang kelompok kontrol dan 7 orang kelompok eksperimen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada pre dan post test kelas intervensi yaitu nilai p 0.017, sedangkan pada pre dan post test kelas kontrol tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan dengan nilai p 0.180. Kesimpulannya ada pengaruh signifikan penerapan model pembelajaran make a match terhadap perilaku sosial anak. Pada tes akhir yang diberikan untuk mengetahui perilaku sosial anak terdapat 4 anak pada kategori Berkembang Sesuai Harapan (BSH) dengan persentase 57%.
Analisis Peran Guru dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum Literasi Membaca Siswa
Authors: Melisa Melisa , Hadikusuma Ramadan Zaka
Published: August 2024

Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum merupakan alat untuk menilai tingkat capaian literasi membaca siswa di Indonesia dan membandingkannya melalui standar internasional. Kemampuan literasi membaca siswa dapat dilihat dari hasil asesmen kompetensi minimum literasi membaca. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran guru dalam upaya meningkatkan kemampuan asesmen kompetensi minimum literasi membaca. Dalam rangka menyiapkan siswa yang memiliki kecakapan abad ke-21, pemerintah melakukan asesmen kompetensi minimum pada tahun 2021 yang meliputi asesmen pada literasi membaca dan numerasi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang dikumpulkan diperoleh dari kepala sekolah, guru, dan siswa di sekolah dasar yang telah melaksanakan asesmen kompetensi minimum dengan metode wawancara, observasi serta dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis dari Miles and Huberman yang terdiri dari pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan asesmen kompetensi minimum literasi membaca siswa belum berjalan maksimal. Hal ini disebabkan kurangnya motivasi membaca siswa, kurangnya minat membaca siswa, kurangnya buku-buku bacaan yang disediakan sekolah. Ketika hasil asesmen kompetensi minimum literasi membaca rendah berarti pada proses pembelajaran dan kegiatan literasi membaca belum maksimal sehingga perlu evaluasi.
Escaping Income Trap Index (EITI)
Authors: Gürler Metin
Published: August 2024

The Middle Income Trap is a major risk for many middle-income countries that cannot improve their manufacturing industry performance during the development phase and transition to the R&D and innovation-oriented service sector. Middle-income Countries (MICs) which were unable to increase their National Income Per Capita (NIPC) to become High-Income Countries (HICs) and were stuck at a certain income threshold fell into the Middle Income Trap (MIT). The study aims to analyze to measure the competitiveness of 65 countries with min-max methodology and rank them , so that the weakness indicators can be determined to setup a road map to increase competitiveness of Türkiye and to escape from MIT. In this study, 65 countries where 38 of them were HICs which might be taken as an example of economic development success and 26 of them as MICs those had strict competition in the international market along with Türkiye have been investigated by Escaping Income Trap Index (EITI). The index consisted of 5 sub-indices (dimensions) and 82 indicators. EITI scores were calculated for 65 countries in the study, and the relationships between index scores and National Income Per Capita (NIPC) was tested with both with the Cross-Sectional Data Method for the 2013-2014 period and with the Panel Data Method for the twenty-one periods between 1993-1994 and 2013-2014. It has been determined that Türkiye, which has a significant weight in the global economy, does not have a successful ranking in the general index and sub-indices obtained in the study. Türkiye ranked 61st in the index ranking calculated for 2013-2014, in which Switzerland ranked first, and the ratio of Türkiye's EITI score to the leading country scores was 65 percent. In other popular indices created by international organizations, this rate was 60 percent on average.
Transformative Trends: Exploring the Nexus of Innovation, Technology, Blockchain, and Islamic Social Finance for Global Sustainability
Authors: Muharam Abdus Salam , Osman Damar
Published: August 2024

Global sustainability is a growing concern, with the Islamic finance system playing a pivotal role in this process. The integration of blockchain technology, a technology that enhances transparency, efficiency, and security, is being explored in the context of Islamic social finance. The study, which combines literature review, case study, and industry expert interviews, highlights the potential of blockchain to revolutionize zakat management, waqf, and sadaqa processes, contributing to global sustainability by promoting fair transactions, wealth distribution, and socioeconomic empowerment. The case study of iBantu's collaboration with the Hidayatullah organization in Indonesia exemplifies the practical application of blockchain in digital philanthropy. The study emphasizes the importance of user-friendly, scalable, and interoperable blockchain solutions for widespread adoption and sustainability. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, businesses, and practitioners, suggesting strategic interventions to foster sustainable innovation. By integrating blockchain technology into regulatory frameworks and operations, Islamic social finance institutions can significantly contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals while promoting environmental responsibility and socioeconomic development.
OEA y el desarrollo democrático
Authors: Basombrío Zender Ignacio
Published: August 2024

Desde finales de la década de los años 80, como consecuencia de la evolución del sistema democrático, en la región latinoamericana se produjo un proceso de reflexión intelectual y de negociación política para modificar la estructura jurídica de la Organización de Estados Americanos (OEA). Tal proceso, registrado en varias etapas, tuvo resultados positivos en términos institucionales, aunque no siempre los avances prácticos y los resultados concretos fueron satisfactorios. Cabe preguntarse si era posible que la OEA evolucionara, con visión hemisférica, en su pensamiento, compromisos y acción. Las respuestas a tal interrogante no eran uniformes. Hasta ahora predomina la idea conservadora en el sentido que la OEA, organismo lento y cómodamente instalado en Washington, no estaba en capacidad de evolucionar y que, por tanto, no se lograrían los cambios necesarios en su estructura.
Dead or alive: the effect of shells and living individuals of Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) on habitat selection and behaviour of European unionid bivalves
Authors: Wiśniewski Kamil , Szarmach Daniel , Kobak Jarosław , Kakareko Tomasz , Jermacz Łukasz , Poznańska-Kakareko Małgorzata
Published: August 2024

1. Ecosystem engineering freshwater bivalves, burrowing in the substratum and accumulating shell deposits, transform bottom habitats. Especially the invasive Asian bivalve Sinanodonta woodiana (SW), due to its rapid growth, large size, and high fecundity, can affect benthic communities. Here, we determined its effect on habitat selection and behaviour of endangered native bivalves, Anodonta cygnea and Unio tumidus.

2. We conducted laboratory preference assays (Experiment 1: choice between two substrata) exposing the native bivalves to pure sand (control), shells (several densities on the sand surface or burrowed), or living SW. Then, we tested their locomotion and burrowing (Experiment 2) on pure sand and substrata contaminated with shells or living SW.

3. In Experiment 1, native bivalves avoided shells, but not living SW. Burrowed and larger shells were avoided compared with those on the surface and smaller ones, respectively.

4. In Experiment 2, U. tumidus exposed to SW delayed activity initiation (in response to living bivalves), increased locomotion (living bivalves, surface shells), and reduced burrowing depth (living bivalves, all shells). Anodonta cygnea exposed to SW reduced locomotion speed (living bivalves, shells), and reduced burrowing duration (burrowed shells) and depth (living bivalves, burrowed shells).

5. SW (especially shell beds) constitutes another emerging threat to native bivalves, impairing their burrowing and inducting active avoidance. As SW expands its distribution with climate warming, the range and strength of its impact is likely to increase, reducing the area available to native bivalves, exposing them to environmental dangers (due to burrowing limitation) and deteriorating physical condition (energetic resources used for excessive locomotion).
Information Communication Technology's Influence on Exchange Rate
Authors: Bwalya Oliver , Dhawale Chitra
Published: August 2024

Investigated in this study is the influence of information communication technology (ICT) on the exchange rate in Zambia from 2010 to 2021. The research methods employed involve using descriptive, exploratory, and experimental designs. The results are reported focusing on ICT acquisition, usage, and production in relation to the performance of the exchange rate: imports of ICTs from the Zambia Revenue Authority (ZRA) represented the uptake while the performance of the exchange rate from the Bank of Zambia represented actual volatilities. It was further discovered that the ICTs influence movements in financial transactions by increasing the quantum of transactions. The impact on the movements of currencies advertently affects the exchange rate causing volatility. The role of ICTs in the amalgamation of markets, trade linkages, and openness, is key. Conclusively, ICTs influence the exchange rate: inherent in productive means and permeate consumptive aspects of ICTs and financial transactions. The main limitation arose from data collection on ICT software and services due to lack of a consolidated data capturing information system.
PERCEPÇÃO DOS LIMITES DE CIVILIDADE E INVASÃO DE ESPAÇO PESSOAL NO AMBIENTE ORGANIZACIONAL DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO PÚBLICA FEDERAL
Authors: Montezano Lana , Ricardo dos Santos Meira Paulo
Published: August 2024

Objetivou-se identificar a percepção dos limites de civilidade e de invasão de espaço pessoal no ambiente organizacional do serviço público, a relação entre estas duas variáveis, além de verificar se há diferenças de percepção por perfil dos participantes e por quem declarou já ter sofrido algum tipo de assédio moral ou sexual. Trata-se de estudo teórico-empírico, descritivo com recorte transversal e abordagem quantitativa, por meio de aplicação de questionário eletrônico com 434 servidores de uma instituição legislativa federal, e dados analisados com estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os participantes preferem ser cumprimentados com olhares e saudações e se sentem mais desconfortáveis com toques em membros inferiores. Foram identificadas diferenças significativas em relação ao gênero, ter sofrido assédio sexual e vínculo funcional para alguns aspectos e óticas da civilidade e da proxêmica, enquanto a orientação sexual e ter sofrido assédio moral não apresentou diferenças significativas. Constatou-se que quanto maior a percepção de civilidade maior é o limite aceitável no espaço pessoal. Os resultados permitem subsídios para iniciativas de gestão de pessoas que visem maximizar o bem-estar dos servidores públicos, em especial aos que já tenham sofrido assédio sexual, cujas respostas diferiram do grupo geral.
ORGANIZAÇÃO DA INDÚSTRIA BRASILEIRA DE PAPEL E CELULOSE: REFLEXÕES À LUZ DA NOVA ECONOMIA INSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Merlin Higya Alessandra , Morales de Queiroz Caleman Silvia , Cox Moura Leite Padgett Rosamaria
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho teve por objetivo geral analisar, à luz da Nova Economia Institucional (NEI), os arranjos organizacionais e institucionais evidenciados para obtenção da matéria-prima da indústria brasileira de papel e celulose. Especificamente, pretendeu-se: contextualizar, à luz da NEI, as organizações e as instituições; e descrever as informações relatadas pelas empresas brasileiras de papel e celulose acerca de seus arranjos organizacionais e institucionais na etapa do fornecimento da matéria prima. Para tanto, foram utilizados procedimentos bibliográficos e documentais, em uma abordagem qualitativa, com objetivos descritivos. Foram pesquisadas as empresas do referido setor listadas na B3, a principal bolsa de valores do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados nas informações publicadas pelas empresas em seus sites e relatórios anuais ou de sustentabilidade. Tendo em vista a inter-relação entre organizações e instituições, buscando o desempenho econômico e a adaptação às pressões ambientais, verificou-se que a maior parte da matéria-prima provém de estrutura interna, correspondendo à hierarquia. Apenas a Klabin mantém contratos com fornecedores externos. De todo modo, pela lente da NEI, a definição da melhor estrutura passa por uma análise qualitativa que vai além da simples escolha autônoma, e considera o complexo e dinâmico ambiente institucional.
A case of suspected gliomatosis cerebri: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in a resource-poor setting.
Authors: Rajaratnam Arun , Dissanayake Kishan , Kularatne Kiertie
Published: August 2024

We present a case of a 70-year-old male with gliomatosis cerebri (GC), who initially presented with behavioural changes and amnesia, which progressed to extrapyramidal and cortical dysfunction. Neuroimaging revealed possible extensive cerebral gliomatosis and brain biopsy showed reactive gliosis. Despite treatment with levodopa-carbidopa, the symptoms worsened, and he succumbed after 18 months. This case highlights the challenges in diagnosing and managing GC in a resource-poor setting.
Hereditary multiple exostosis
Authors: Jeewantha Darsha , Wijerathna Inu , Senanayake Hemal
Published: August 2024

No abstract available
Pre-eclampsia update – Advancements in prediction and management of preeclampsia: The clinical role of the PERT test
Authors: Dodampahala S. H. , McCully B. , Wijesingha V. , Rahim Mariam M.
Published: August 2024

Preeclampsia, a hypertensive disorder unique to pregnancy, presents significant risks to maternal and fetal health globally. Despite extensive research, its multifactorial aetiology challenges timely diagnosis and effective management2. The Pre-Eclampsia Ratio Test (PERT) emerges as a promising tool for risk prediction, prognosis assessment, and clinical decisionmaking. This essay explores the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, clinical implications of the PERT test, and its potential to revolutionize obstetric care1
Buscopan and contemporary obstetric care – A therapeutic adjunct to management of cervical dystocia, uterine inversion and unremitting pain in labour
Authors: McCully B. , Dodampahala S. H. , Calendra C.
Published: August 2024

No abstract available
Regulatory T Cell Insufficiency in Autoimmune Diabetes Is Driven by Selective Loss of Neuropilin-1 on Intraislet Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Grebinoski Stephanie , Pieklo Gwenyth , Zhang Qianxia , Visperas Anabelle , Cui Jian , Goulet Jordana , Xiao Hanxi , Brunazzi Erin A , Cardello Carly , Herrada Andrés A , Das Jishnu , Workman Creg J , Vignali Dario A A
Published: August 2024

Approaches to reverse or limit regulatory T cell (Treg) insufficiency are of great interest for development of immunotherapeutic treatments for autoimmune patients, including type 1 diabetes. Treg insufficiency is heavily implicated in the progression of autoimmune diabetes in the NOD mouse model and is characterized by defects in Treg numbers, development, and/or function. Utilizing a Treg-centric screen, we show that intraislet Tregs have a uniquely dysfunctional phenotype, hallmarked by an almost complete lack of neuropilin-1 (Nrp1), a cell surface receptor required to maintain Treg stability. Intraislet Nrp1– Tregs exhibit hallmark features of fragility, including reduced suppressive capacity, decreased CD73 and Helios, and increased Rorγt and Tbet. Intraislet Nrp1– Tregs also exhibit decreased Foxp3 expression on a per cell basis, suggesting that Nrp1 may also be required for long-term Treg stability. Mechanistically, Treg-restricted augmentation of Nrp1 expression limited the onset of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice suggesting that Nrp1 critically impacts intraislet Treg function. Transcriptional analysis showed that Nrp1 restoration led to an increase in markers and pathways of TCR signaling, survival, and suppression, and when Nrp1 protein expression is examined by cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing, significant differences were observed between Nrp1+ and Nrp1– Tregs in all tissues, particularly in markers of Treg fragility. This translated into substantive differences between Nrp1+ and Nrp1– Tregs that afforded the former with a competitive advantage in the islets. Taken together, these data suggest that maintenance of Nrp1 expression and signaling on Tregs limits diabetes onset and may serve as a strategy to combat Treg insufficiency in autoimmune disease.
Autonomous Rotorcraft Project - Retrospective and Future Outlook
Authors:   US Army CCDC AvMC, Whalley Matthew ,   San Jose Research Foundation, J.Schulein Gregory ,   Universities Space Research Association, Mielcarek Nathan , Takahashi Marc , Goerzen Chad , Fujizawa Brian , Lusardi Jeffery , Ogden Wesley , Ott Carl , P. James , Waldman David
Published: August 2024

This paper presents an overview of the Autonomous Rotorcraft Project (ARP), a collaborative research initiative launched by the US Army and NASA in 2000 aimed at advancing rotorcraft autonomy. ARP has made substantial progress in areas such as real-time reactive obstacle-avoidance, threat- and terrain-aware navigation, identification of safe landing zones, autonomous flight-control, external sling-load operations, scalable autonomy, and pilot-autonomy interfaces. These advancements have undergone extensive validation through both simulation and flight test. This paper chronicles ARP's research evolution, highlighting milestones achieved and remaining challenges.
Design of a High-performance Flight Control System for Unmanned Helicopters
Authors:   Airbus Helicopters, Varra Guillaume , Blanc Frédéric , Milliat Quentin , Billet Damien , Atencia Anthony , Monneau Antoine
Published: August 2024

In the last decade, in order to respond to the emerging market of unmanned applications, Airbus Helicopters has developed a generic Flight Control System (FCS) for heavy unmanned helicopters. This paper describes the development of this system from the applicable high-level requirements to the design of the redundant fail safe-operative architecture and the flight modes. A focus is made on two specific flight sequences: Automatic Take-Off and Landing from ship deck which is one of the most complex maneuvers for a drone and 4D navigation (including relative to a target). The system has been brought to a maturity level with more than 100 flight hours in unmanned configuration and a level of Validation and Verification close to a certification. The portability of the developed solution on other helicopters to derive new Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle or Optionally Piloted Vehicle is also addressed thanks to commonalities with FCS that are already in use on the Airbus Helicopters fleet.
Evaluation of Schneiderian First-rank Symptoms in Patients of Psychosis Attending a Tertiary Care Center from North India
Authors: Jain Aditi , Mehdi Abbas
Published: August 2024

Background:

The Schneiderian first-rank symptoms (SFRS) have played an extremely important role in the diagnostic systems in psychiatry. However, all studies do not seem to support Schneider’s claim that FRS confer a clear indication of schizophrenia when no organic syndrome is present.

Objectives:

The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) to examine the presence of SFRS in untreated cases of psychosis, (2) to see the degree of improvement in SFRS with treatment over 12 weeks of short-term follow-up, (3) to see correlation of SFRS with sociodemographic and clinical parameters in our patients, and (4) to see the correlation of SFRS among diagnostic subgroups in our patients.

Materials and Methods:

Setting: Psychiatry department of a multi specialty tertiary care center in North India.

Study Design:

This was a short-term prospective study. After taking ethical clearance from the institutional ethics committee and written informed consent from all the patients, data sets were prepared for 60 patients of untreated psychosis. Data analysis was done using the SPSS version 20.0.

Results:

Voices discussing (83.33%) and voices commenting (80%) were the most commonly noted SFRS, and the mean number of SFRS in our sample was 3.34. Somatic passivity (f = 10.80, P = 0.0001) and thought insertion (f = 6.75 and P = 0.004) could significantly differentiate between schizophrenia and other diagnostic subgroups of untreated psychosis in our study.

Conclusions:

Only somatic passivity, delusional perception, and thought insertion were extremely specific in distinguishing the patients of schizophrenia from nonschizophrenic patients.
Widths and rigidity
Authors: Malykhin Yuri Viatcheslavovich
Published: August 2024

We consider the Kolmogorov widths of finite sets of functions. Any orthonormal system of $N$ functions in $L_2$ is rigid, that is, it cannot be well approximated by linear subspaces of dimension essentially smaller than $N$. This is not true for weaker metrics: it is known that in every $L_p$ for $p<2$ the first $N$ Walsh functions can be $o(1)$-approximated by a linear space of dimension $o(N)$.
We present some sufficient conditions for rigidity. We prove that the independence of functions (in the probabilistic meaning) implies rigidity in $L_1$ and even in $L_0$, the metric that corresponds to convergence in measure. In the case of $L_p$ for $1<p<2$ the condition is weaker: any $S_{p'}$-system is $L_p$-rigid.
Also we obtain some positive results, for example, that the first $N$ trigonometric functions can be approximated by very low-dimensional spaces in $L_0$, and by subspaces generated by $o(N)$ harmonics in $L_p$ for ${p<1}$.
Bibliography: 34 titles.
Controllability of an approximately defined control system
Authors: Avakov Evgeny Rachievich , Magaril-Il'yaev Georgii Georgievich
Published: August 2024

We introduce the notion of controllability of a system of ordinary differential equations with respect to a prescribed function
and present conditions that guarantee the controllability (with respect to this function) of both the original control system and all control systems close to it.
Bibliography: 10 titles.
The spectrum of the $C^*$-algebra of singular integral operators with semi-almost periodic coefficients
Authors: Baibulov Ilnur Vil'evich , Sarafanov Oleg Vasil'evich
Published: August 2024

A $C^*$-algebra generated by one-dimensional singular integral operators with semi-almost periodic coefficients is studied. The primitive spectrum of this algebra is described, that is, all of its primitive ideals are listed and the Jacobson topology is described.
Bibliography: 27 titles.
Importance of diet and intestinal microbiota in the prevention of colorectal cancer - colonoscopy early screening diagnosis
Authors: Jovandaric Miljana Z
Published: August 2024

Colorectal cancer is a term used to describe colon and rectal cancer, which is the third most common type of cancer. A MEDLINE and PubMed search resulted in the inclusion of manuscripts written in the last 10 years, using keywords relevant to the topic of the manuscript. By analyzing the aim of the searched studies and manuscripts, adequate articles were included that described the stated problem. The frequency of colorectal cancer varies with climate, nutrition, and many other factors, primarily endogenous, hereditary, intestinal microbiome, as well as external factors, such as exposure of the individual to stress, and bad eating habits. Colon cancer and rectal cancer or colorectal cancer in general in the early stages of the disease, may not show symptoms or are barely noticeable. Colorectal cancer symptoms will most often not develop until the disease has progressed to stage 2 or beyond. Regular screening tests for colon or rectal cancer, especially colonoscopy, are recommended as part of a regular checkup for people aged 50 years or younger who are at high risk due to a family history of the disease or other cancers. Diet and colonoscopy as an early screening method play an important role in the prevention of colorectal cancer
Effect of perioperative chemotherapy on resection of isolated pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer: A single center experience
Authors: Gao Zhao , Jin Xuan , Wu Ying-Chao , Zhang Shi-Jie , Wu Shi-Kai , Wang Xin
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Numerous studies have assessed surgical resection as a standard treatment option for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and resectable pulmonary metastases (PM). However, the role of perioperative chemotherapy after complete resection of isolated PM from patients with CRC patients remains controversial. We hypothesize that perioperative chemotherapy does not provide significant survival benefits for patients undergoing resection of PM from CRC.

AIM

To determine whether perioperative chemotherapy affects survival after radical resection of isolated PM from CRC.

METHODS

We retrospectively collected demographic, clinical, and pathologic data on patients who underwent radical surgery for isolated PM from CRC. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and disease-free survival were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Inter-group differences were compared using the log-rank test. For multivariate analysis, Cox regression was utilized when indicated.

RESULTS

This study included 120 patients with a median age of 61.6 years. The 5-year CSS rate was 78.2%, with 36.7% experiencing recurrence. Surgical resection for isolated PM resulted in a 5-year CSS rate of 50.0% for second metastases. Perioperative chemotherapy (P = 0.079) did not enhance survival post-resection. Factors associated with improved survival included fewer metastatic lesions [hazard ratio (HR): 2.51, P = 0.045], longer disease-free intervals (HR: 0.35, P = 0.016), and wedge lung resections (HR: 0.42, P = 0.035). Multiple PM predicted higher recurrence risk (HR: 2.22, P = 0.022). The log-rank test showed no significant difference in CSS between single and repeated metastasectomy (P = 0.92).

CONCLUSION

Perioperative chemotherapy shows no survival benefit post-PM resection in CRC. Disease-free intervals and fewer metastatic lesions predict better survival. Repeated metastasectomy is warranted for eligible patients.
Camrelizumab, apatinib and hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy combined with microwave ablation for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zuo Meng-Xuan , An Chao , Cao Yu-Zhe , Pan Jia-Yu , Xie Lu-Ping , Yang Xin-Jing , Li Wang , Wu Pei-Hong
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and camrelizumab plus apatinib (TRIPLET protocol) is promising for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (Ad-HCC). However, the usefulness of microwave ablation (MWA) after TRIPLET is still controversial.

AIM

To compare the efficacy and safety of TRIPLET alone (T-A) vs TRIPLET-MWA (T-M) for Ad-HCC.

METHODS

From January 2018 to March 2022, 217 Ad-HCC patients were retrospectively enrolled. Among them, 122 were included in the T-A group, and 95 were included in the T-M group. A propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance bias. Overall survival (OS) was compared using the Kaplan-Meier curve with the log-rank test. The overall objective response rate (ORR) and major complications were also assessed.

RESULTS

After PSM, 82 patients were included both the T-A group and the T-M group. The ORR (85.4%) in the T-M group was significantly higher than that (65.9%) in the T-A group (P < 0.001). The cumulative 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were 98.7%, 93.4%, and 82.0% in the T-M group and 85.1%, 63.1%, and 55.0% in the T-A group (hazard ratio = 0.22; 95% confidence interval: 0.10-0.49; P < 0.001). The incidence of major complications was 4.9% (6/122) in the T-A group and 5.3% (5/95) in the T-M group, which were not significantly different (P = 1.000).

CONCLUSION

T-M can provide better survival outcomes and comparable safety for Ad-HCC than T-A.
Combining lymph node ratio to develop prognostic models for postoperative gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm patients
Authors: Liu Wen , Wu Hong-Yu , Lin Jia-Xi , Qu Shu-Ting , Gu Yi-Jie , Zhu Jin-Zhou , Xu Chun-Fang
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Lymph node ratio (LNR) was demonstrated to play a crucial role in the prognosis of many tumors. However, research concerning the prognostic value of LNR in postoperative gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) patients was limited.

AIM

To explore the prognostic value of LNR in postoperative gastric NEN patients and to combine LNR to develop prognostic models.

METHODS

A total of 286 patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database were divided into the training set and validation set at a ratio of 8:2. 92 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University in China were designated as a test set. Cox regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between LNR and disease-specific survival (DSS) of gastric NEN patients. Random survival forest (RSF) algorithm and Cox proportional hazards (CoxPH) analysis were applied to develop models to predict DSS respectively, and compared with the 8th edition American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging.

RESULTS

Multivariate analyses indicated that LNR was an independent prognostic factor for postoperative gastric NEN patients and a higher LNR was accompanied by a higher risk of death. The RSF model exhibited the best performance in predicting DSS, with the C-index in the test set being 0.769 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.691-0.846] outperforming the CoxPH model (0.744, 95%CI: 0.665-0.822) and the 8th edition AJCC TNM staging (0.723, 95%CI: 0.613-0.833). The calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated the RSF model had good calibration and clinical benefits. Furthermore, the RSF model could perform risk stratification and individual prognosis prediction effectively.

CONCLUSION

A higher LNR indicated a lower DSS in postoperative gastric NEN patients. The RSF model outperformed the CoxPH model and the 8th edition AJCC TNM staging in the test set, showing potential in clinical practice.
Endoscopic detection and diagnostic strategies for minute gastric cancer: A real-world observational study
Authors: Ji Xiao-Wei , Lin Jie , Wang Yan-Ting , Ruan Jing-Jing , Xu Jing-Hong , Song Kai , Mao Jian-Shan
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Minute gastric cancers (MGCs) have a favorable prognosis, but they are too small to be detected by endoscopy, with a maximum diameter ≤ 5 mm.

AIM

To explore endoscopic detection and diagnostic strategies for MGCs.

METHODS

This was a real-world observational study. The endoscopic and clinicopathological parameters of 191 MGCs between January 2015 and December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Endoscopic discoverable opportunity and typical neoplastic features were emphatically reviewed.

RESULTS

All MGCs in our study were of a single pathological type, 97.38% (186/191) of which were differentiated-type tumors. White light endoscopy (WLE) detected 84.29% (161/191) of MGCs, and the most common morphology of MGCs found by WLE was protruding. Narrow-band imaging (NBI) secondary observation detected 14.14% (27/191) of MGCs, and the most common morphology of MGCs found by NBI was flat. Another three MGCs were detected by indigo carmine third observation. If a well-demarcated border lesion exhibited a typical neoplastic color, such as yellowish-red or whitish under WLE and brownish under NBI, MGCs should be diagnosed. The proportion with high diagnostic confidence by magnifying endoscopy with NBI (ME-NBI) was significantly higher than the proportion with low diagnostic confidence and the only visible groups (94.19% > 56.92% > 32.50%, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

WLE combined with NBI and indigo carmine are helpful for detection of MGCs. A clear demarcation line combined with a typical neoplastic color using nonmagnifying observation is sufficient for diagnosis of MGCs. ME-NBI improves the endoscopic diagnostic confidence of MGCs.
Curcumin for gastric cancer: Mechanism prediction via network pharmacology, docking, and in vitro experiments
Authors: Yang Peng-Hui , Wei Ya-Nan , Xiao Bi-Juan , Li Si-Yi , Li Xin-Long , Yang Liang-Jun , Pan Hua-Feng , Chen Geng-Xin
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Curcumin originates from the natural herb turmeric, and its antitumor effects have been known about for a long time. However, the mechanism by which curcumin affects gastric cancer (GC) has not been elucidated.

AIM

To elucidate the potential mechanisms of curcumin in the treatment of GC.

METHODS

Network pharmacological approaches were used to perform network analysis of Curcumin. We first analyzed Lipinski’s Rule of Five for the use of Curcumin. Curcumin latent targets were predicted using the PharmMapper, SwissTargetPrediction and DrugBank network databases. GC disease targets were mined through the GeneCard, OMIM, DrugBank and TTD network databases. Then, GO enrichment, KEGG enrichment, protein-protein interaction (PPI), and overall survival analyses were performed. The results were further verified through molecular docking, differential expression analysis and cell experiments.

RESULTS

We identified a total of 48 curcumin-related genes with 31 overlapping GC-related targets. The intersection targets between curcumin and GC have been enriched in 81 GO biological processes and 22 significant pathways. Following PPI analysis, 6 hub targets were identified, namely, estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1 ), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR ), cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4 (CYP3A4 ), mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14 ), cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 2 (CYP1A2 ), and cytochrome p450 family 2 subfamily B member 6 (CYP2B6 ). These factors are correlated with decreased survival rates among patients diagnosed with GC. Molecular docking analysis further substantiated the strong binding interactions between Curcumin and the hub target genes. The experimental findings demonstrated that curcumin not only effectively inhibits the growth of BGC-823 cells but also suppresses their proliferation. mRNA levels of hub targets CYP3A4 , MAPK14 , CYP1A2 , and CYP2B6 in BGC-823 cells were significantly increased in each dose group.

CONCLUSION

Curcumin can play an anti-GC role through a variety of targets, pathways and biological processes.
Efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and its combination strategies for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Shun-An , Zhou Qing-Mei , Wu Lei , Chen Zhi-Hong , Wu Fan , Chen Zhen-Rong , Xu Lian-Qun , Gan Bi-Ling , Jin Hao-Sheng , Shi Ning
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

With the rapid progress of systematic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), therapeutic strategies combining hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with systematic therapy arised increasing concentrations. However, there have been no systematic review comparing HAIC and its combination strategies in the first-line treatment for advanced HCC.

AIM

To investigate the efficacy and safety of HAIC and its combination therapies for advanced HCC.

METHODS

A network meta-analysis was performed by including 9 randomized controlled trails and 35 cohort studies to carry out our study. The outcomes of interest comprised overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), tumor response and adverse events. Hazard ratios (HR) and odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and agents were ranked based on their ranking probability.

RESULTS

HAIC outperformed Sorafenib (HR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.42-0.72; HR = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.33-0.78; OR = 2.86, 95%CI: 1.37-5.98; OR = 5.45, 95%CI: 3.57-8.30; OR = 7.15, 95%CI: 4.06-12.58; OR = 2.89, 95%CI: 1.99-4.19; OR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.25-0.92, respectively) and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) (HR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.33-0.75; HR = 0.62, 95%CI: 0.39-0.98; OR = 3.08, 95%CI: 1.36-6.98; OR = 2.07, 95%CI: 1.54-2.80; OR = 3.16, 95%CI: 1.71-5.85; OR = 2.67, 95%CI: 1.59-4.50; OR = 0.16, 95%CI: 0.05-0.54, respectively) in terms of efficacy and safety. HAIC + lenvatinib + ablation, HAIC + ablation, HAIC + anti- programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), and HAIC + radiotherapy had the higher likelihood of providing better OS and PFS outcomes compared to HAIC alone. HAIC + TACE + S-1, HAIC + lenvatinib, HAIC + PD-1, HAIC + TACE, and HAIC + sorafenib had the higher likelihood of providing better partial response and objective response rate outcomes compared to HAIC. HAIC + PD-1, HAIC + TACE + S-1 and HAIC + TACE had the higher likelihood of providing better complete response and disease control rate outcomes compared to HAIC alone.

CONCLUSION

HAIC proved more effective and safer than sorafenib and TACE. Furthermore, combined with other interventions, HAIC showed improved efficacy over HAIC monotherapy according to the treatment ranking analysis.
Research status and hotspots of tight junctions and colorectal cancer: A bibliometric and visualization analysis
Authors: Li Hui-Min , Liu Yin , Hao Meng-Di , Liang Xiao-Qing , Yuan Da-Jin , Huang Wen-Bin , Li Wen-Jie , Ding Lei
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Over the past two decades, numerous researchers have provided important evidence regarding the role of tight junction (TJ) proteins in the occurrence and progression of CRC. The causal relationship between the presence of specific TJ proteins and the development of CRC has also been confirmed. Despite the large number of publications in this field, a bibliometric study to review the current state of research and highlight the research trends and hotspots in this field has not yet been performed.

AIM

To analyze research on TJs and CRC, summarize the field’s history and current status, and predict future research directions.

METHODS

We searched the Science Citation Index Expanded database for all literature on CRC and TJs from 2001-2023. We used bibliometrics to analyze the data of these papers, such as the authors, countries, institutions, and references. Co-authorship, co-citation, and co-occurrence analyses were the main methods of analysis. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to visualize the results.

RESULTS

A total of 205 studies were ultimately identified. The number of publications on this topic has steadily increased since 2007. China and the United States have made the largest contributions to this field. Anticancer Research was the most prolific journal, publishing 8 articles, while the journal Oncogene had the highest average citation rate (68.33). Professor Dhawan P was the most prolific and cited author in this field. Co-occurrence analysis of keywords revealed that “tight junction protein expression”, “colorectal cancer”, “intestinal microbiota”, and “inflammatory bowel disease” had the highest frequency of occurrence, revealing the research hotspots and trends in this field.

CONCLUSION

This bibliometric analysis evaluated the scope and trends of TJ proteins in CRC, providing valuable research perspectives and future directions for studying the connection between the two. It is recommended to focus on emerging research hotspots, such as the correlations among intestinal microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease, TJ protein expression, and CRC.
Jejunal sarcomatoid carcinoma: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Feng Qian , Yu Wei , Feng Jing-Hui , Huang Qiao , Xiao Gui-Xiang
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Sarcomatoid carcinoma (SCA) of the jejunum is a rare and aggressive neoplasm affecting the smooth muscle cells of the jejunum. This study presents a recent case of jejunal SCA, detailing its diagnosis and treatment, thereby providing a reference for clinical practice.

CASE SUMMARY

A 65-year-old male presented to Yichang Central People's Hospital with a chief complaint of hemorrhoids. A computed tomography (CT) scan incidentally revealed multiple abnormal signals in the liver. Subsequent positron emission tomography/CT at Wuhan Union Hospital indicated malignant tumor progression, with a primary duodenal tumor and multiple metastases in the upper left abdomen. Intraoperatively, a large tumor was identified on the omentum. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of the resected specimen confirmed the diagnosis of jejunal SCA. The patient received a combination therapy of sintilimab, nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel, and anlotinib. Follow-up imaging demonstrated significant reduction of hepatic and peritoneal lesions. The patient has remained stable for over one year postoperatively.

CONCLUSION

This case suggests that chemotherapy, immunotherapy, plus targeted therapy may represent an optimal treatment for intestinal SCA, meriting further investigation.
Risk factors for the prognosis of colon cancer
Authors: Wu Chu-Ying , Ye Kai
Published: August 2024

A study on clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in T4N0M0 colon cancer patients after R0 resection revealed that ileostomy, T stage, right hemicolectomy, irregular follow-up, and CA199 level were independent risk factors affecting overall survival. T4-stage cancer invades the entire thickness of the intestinal tract, increasing the difficulty of treatment and the risk of recurrence, and requires a combination of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy to control the spread of cancer cells. The prognosis of right hemicolectomy is significantly worse than that of left hemicolectomy, and right hemicolectomy is an independent risk factor for a poor prognosis. Advanced age, histopathological type, and lymph node metastasis are also risk factors for colon cancer.
INCLUSÃO FINANCEIRA E DESENVOLVIMENTO SOCIOECONÔMICO: UMA PERSPECTIVA REGIONAL
Authors: Borges Júnior Dermeval Martins , Santos Thaís Moura Martins dos , Penedo Antonio Sergio Torres , Pereira Vinicius Silva
Published: August 2024

Este estudo examinou a relação entre a inclusão financeira e o desenvolvimento socioeconômico dos municípios brasileiros. Para tanto, foi feita a coleta de dados de 5.570 municípios no período de 2007 a 2016, os quais totalizaram 52.631 observações município-ano. A inclusão financeira foi mensurada a partir da quantidade de agências e postos de atendimento das instituições financeiras nos municípios. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatísticas descritivas e modelos de regressão linear com dados em painel. Dentre os principais resultados, evidenciou-se a existência de uma relação positiva e estatisticamente significativa entre a inclusão financeira e o desenvolvimento socioeconômico dos municípios brasileiros. Além disso, verificou-se que a região em que determinado município está inserido, isto é, a Unidade da Federação, afeta o índice de desenvolvimento socioeconômico predito. Conclui-se com esta pesquisa que os municípios que possuem maior nível de inclusão financeira tendem a apresentar média superior no índice de desenvolvimento socioeconômico.