bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of low level laser therapy and bioactive glass in the treatment of periodontal infrabony defects: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Danish Pathan , Othman Badr , Altassan Mousa , Alghaleb Thamer , Niazi Adham , Dakhil Siraj , Aboalela Ali , Alharbi Mohammed , Mawardi Hani
Published: December 2024

Background: Several guided bone regeneration techniques have been used in the past aiming to treat infrabony defects with promising outcome. Recently, low level laser therapy (LLLT) has been introduced as an adjunctive tool with better bone and soft tissue healing due to its biostimulation and biomodulation properties. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the adjunctive effect of Gallium – Aluminium – Arsenide (GaAlAs) laser in the management of periodontal infrabony defects.
Materials and method: This was a randomised controlled, double blinded, split mouth clinical study carried out on subjects with bilateral infrabony defects. Clinical parameters of plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded as well as infrabony defect depth using radiovisiograph at baseline, 3 months and 6 months intervals. The test group was treated with bioactive glass and GaAlAs laser on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th day following periodontal open flap surgery and the control group received bioactive glass only. All data were collected and analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test and paired t test.
Results: A total of 15 subjects were enrolled in this study. There was a significant reduction in the PD (p=0.05), CAL (p=0.01) and in defect depth observed at 6 months interval in the test group compared to control group.
Conclusion: Based on the current data, the application of LLLT as an adjunctive tool with bioactive glass may have a superior outcome in treating infrabony defects compared to bioactive glass alone.
Studying the optimal techniques for removing the organic load from wastewater of hospitals laboratories
Authors: Tattan Abdalrhman
Published: December 2024

Hospital wastewater poses a strong threat to human health security as it contains a variety of difficult-to-degrade organic compounds, active pharmaceutical compounds, multiple inorganic pollutants, etc., causing complex pollution in water resources and ecosystems.
Aim of this study to treatment wastewater resulting from analysis laboratories in the hospital.
waste water was treated using several techniques, including biological treatment using the rotating biological tablets (RBC) method, adsorption with Syrian natural pollutants, coagulation with aluminum sulphate, advanced oxidation with ultrasound, and dual treatment using natural pollutants with ultrasound waves. The effectiveness of organic load removal was determined after each treatment and by applying different treatment conditions.
results showed the effectiveness of the treatment methods used, the best way to treat the studied water sample was treatment using natural pollutants with ultrasound waves. Water suitable for irrigation was obtained according to the Syrian standard when adding natural pollutants at a concentration of 1gr per liter of polluted water and applying ultrasound waves at a high frequency. 40kHz for 30 minutes, where the COD value reached 212 mg/l with a removal rate 94%, and the BOD value reached 82 mg/l with a removal rate 87%.
Hospital wastewater poses a strong threat to human health security as it contains a variety of difficult-to-degrade organic compounds, active pharmaceutical compounds, multiple inorganic pollutants, etc., causing complex pollution in water resources and ecosystems.
Aim of this study to treatment wastewater resulting from analysis laboratories in the hospital.
waste water was treated using several techniques, including biological treatment using the rotating biological tablets (RBC) method, adsorption with Syrian natural pollutants, coagulation with aluminum sulphate, advanced oxidation with ultrasound, and dual treatment using natural pollutants with ultrasound waves. The effectiveness of organic load removal was determined after each treatment and by applying different treatment conditions.
results showed the effectiveness of the treatment methods used, the best way to treat the studied water sample was treatment using natural pollutants with ultrasound waves. Water suitable for irrigation was obtained according to the Syrian standard when adding natural pollutants at a concentration of 1gr per liter of polluted water and applying ultrasound waves at a high frequency. 40kHz for 30 minutes, where the COD value reached 212 mg/l with a removal rate 94%, and the BOD value reached 82 mg/l with a removal rate 87%.
MEASURING THE DIGITAL LITERACY LEVELS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF DISINFORMATION PROBLEM IN DIGITAL MEDIA
Authors: Çakmak Fatma , Oruç Fatma Gül
Published: December 2024

In the globalizing world with the rapid development and spread of internet technology in the information and communication age, the transition from the information society to the network society has brought many problems, either explicitly or implicitly, besides many advantages. Especially the negative effects of digital addiction in Generation Z, which is born in the digital age and expressed as digital natives, and the fact that the audience is not aware of this situation or does not believe that it has negative effects makes it necessary to conduct research on the subject. On the other hand, the phenomenon of disinformation, which means the deliberate creation and dissemination of false and misleading information, emerges as an important problem with the spread of digital mass media.
Starting from this perspective, firstly the concepts of digital media, disinformation and digital literacy were explained in this study and then a digital literacy scale was applied to university students. As a result of the study; it was found that the digital literacy levels of university students were significantly higher than the critical level in general.
Z KUŞAĞI TÜKETİCİLERİN ÇEVRİMİÇİ ALIŞVERİŞ DAVRANIŞLARININ ÇEVRİMİÇİ DEĞERLENDİRME PUANI VE ÇEVRİMİÇİ YORUM SAYISI BAĞLAMINDA İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Atılgan Kalender Özcan
Published: December 2024

Dijital teknolojilerden, sosyal medyadan ve çevrimiçi alışverişten büyük ölçüde etkilenen önemli bir tüketici demografisini temsil eden Z Kuşağı, satın alma kararlarını verirken sosyal etkiye ve akran görüşlerine önem verdiği bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle, bandwagon etkisinin (sürü psikolojisi) ve çevrimiçi derecelendirmelerinin Z Kuşağının çevrimiçi satın alma davranışını nasıl etkilediğini anlamak, tüketici davranışı çalışmalarında önemli bir araştırma alanı haline gelmiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı da, Z Kuşağı dijital tüketicilerinin, ürünlerin çevrimiçi inceleme sayısı ve çevrimiçi değerlendirme puanı bilgileri bağlamında, bandwagon, satın alma isteği ve satın almaya yönelik tutumu açısından farklılıklarını incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda Z Kuşağı dijital tüketicisi olan 181 kişiye çevrimiçi anketler uygulanmış ve bandwagon, satın alma isteği ve satın almaya yönelik tutumları ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen verilere 2X2 ANCOVA uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizin sonuçlarına göre çevrimiçi inceleme sayısı ve değerlendirme puanı grupları bağlamında satın alma isteği ve satın almaya yönelik tutumu açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıkların olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
ATTITUDE AND LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF MUSLIM FAMILIES TOWARDS THE FATWA OF THE INDONESIAN ULEMA COUNCIL (MUI) CONCERNING THE LAW AND SUPPORT FOR THE PALESTINIAN STRUGGLE
Authors: Hadi Mukhammad Nur
Published: December 2024

The issuance of MUI Fatwa number 83 of 2023, addressing the Law and Support for the Palestinian Struggle, has elicited diverse reactions from the public. Some view it as a means of expressing solidarity with the Palestinian people's struggle against colonialism. In contrast, others harbor skepticism due to potential negative repercussions, especially for Muslim families targeted by the fatwa. Consequently, this study aims to assess the support of Muslim families for MUI Fatwa No. 23 of 2023, particularly those directly impacted and unaffected by the fatwa. Employing a quantitative-qualitative method, this research uses psychological and philosophical approach by utilizing attitude and Maqashid theory. The research utilized a Likert scale measuring support for the MUI fatwa, validated and tested for reliability. The scale was administered through the Google Form application in an online distribution. The study involved 176 Muslim families, encompassing both those affected and unaffected by the fatwa. Overall, the findings indicate a moderate level (mean 62,81). It covered 35,8% of the respondent's support for the MUI fatwa among Muslim families. Post hoc analysis revealed a significantly higher mean for the affective aspect (3.94) compared to the cognitive (3.75) and behavioral aspects (3.65), emphasizing the emotional nature of the support. Furthermore, a comparison of support between affected (64.02) and unaffected (62.3) families revealed an insignificant difference (p-value 0.152 > 0.05). In the perspective attitude theory, the Muslim family's response to the MUI fatwa falls within the moderate range and leans towards an emotional rather than cognitive and behavioral inclination. In the Maqashid perspective, they tend to fight for the value of human protection (hifdh an-nafs) for themselves and their families. On the one hand they also condemn Israel's crimes against Palestinians. Here it can be stated that their attitude and legal consciousness in the cognitive aspect is not comparable to the practical aspect.
DI ANTARA KONSEPSI HADHANAH DAN TRADISI DALAM PENGASUHAN ANAK KEMBAR
Authors: Miftah Ahmad Harisul , Nadia Selvia
Published: December 2024

Dalam konteks Islam, anak memiliki preferensi untuk selalu berdekatan dengan orang tuanya sehingga berdampak pada hubungan timbal balik yang kuat dengan orang tua yang bertanggung jawab merawat anak hingga membesarkannya. Selain sebagai kenyataan bahwa mengasuh anak juga merupakan rahmat dan amanah yang Allah berikan kepada orang tua sebagai wujud keadilan Allah atas makhluk-Nya. Kewajiban orang tua memelihara anak meliputi pengawasan, pelayanan, dan n pembelajaran sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan tingkat sosial ekonomi keluarga.
Dampak Pernikahan Mahasiswa Pada Masa Studi Terhadap Kelangsungan Perkuliahan Dan Keharmonisan Keluarga (Studi Pada Mahasiswa IAIN Ternate)
Authors: Ismail Wisma , Rahman Nur Azizah , Nasim Abu Sahman
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa terkait penyebab mahasiswa memutuskan untuk menikah pada masa studi dan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa terkait dampak pernikahan mahasiswa pada masa studi terhadap kelangsungan perkuliahan dan keharmonisan keluarga. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskripsi yang datanya diperoleh dari data primer dan sekunder. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yakni melakukan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menjawab alasan mahasiswa memutuskan menikah pada masa studi yaitu merasa sudah siap untuk menikah, menjalankan syariat islam dan menghindari fitnah zina, dan karena married by accident. Sedangkan dampak pernikahan mahasiswa pada masa yaitu  yang pertama dampak positif terhadap kelangsungan perkuliahan yaitu adanya dukungan dan motivasi dari pasangan, meningkatnya antusias dalam belajar, meningkatnya rasa, pribadi menjadi lebih baik dan terhindar dari perbuatan zina. Sedangkan dampak negatif terhadap perkuliahan yaitu tidak mampu mengatur waktu dengan baik, tidak bisa menyelesaikan tugas kuliah dengan maksimal, tidak bisa selesai tepat.
Efektivitas “SIMKAH” pada Administrasi Pernikahan di Kantor Urusan Agama Kecamatan Wenang, Kota Manado
Authors: Subeitan Syahrul Mubarak
Published: December 2024

The development of information technology presents opportunities for government institutions to enhance the quality of public services, including marriage administration. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing the Marriage Management Information System (SIMKAH) at the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) in Wenang District, Manado City, in improving the efficiency, accuracy, and transparency of marriage registration. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with a normative-empirical approach, where data is collected through direct observation and in-depth interviews with the Head of KUA, marriage registrars, and SIMKAH operators. The findings reveal that SIMKAH facilitates marriage registration and supports data integration with the Civil Registry Office (DUKCAPIL) to verify the identities of prospective brides and grooms, thereby reducing the risk of data manipulation. Additionally, using SIMKAH accelerates data access, enhances transparency, and contributes to better administrative governance in the KUA. Implementing SIMKAH in the Wenang District KUA has significantly improved the quality of marriage registration services, making SIMKAH an efficient and reliable system for supporting digital-based marriage administration.
PENJUALAN LANGSUNG BERJENJANG KONVENSIONAL DAN SYARI’AH: ANTARA REGULASI, IMPLEMENTASI DAN EVALUASINYA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Abidin Ratnasari Fajariya Abidin , Wahyuni Sri
Published: December 2024

Penjualan langsung berjenjang (PLB) atau umumnya dikenal dengan multi level marketing (MLM) merupakan salah satu bentuk pemasaran perdagangan modern yang banyak dipraktikan di Indonesia. Maraknya kasus penipuan berbasis PLB/MLM kerap kali disebabkan oleh minimnya pemahaman masyarakat terhadap esensi PLB/MLM dan implementasinya yang legal di Indonesia. Dalam konteks Islam, melalui Fatwa No. 75/DSN-MUI/VII/2009 PLB Syari’ah, legitimasi beberapa perusahaan berbasis PLB/MLM telah diberikan oleh DSN MUI melalui sertifikasi syariah dan implementasinya dievaluasi secara berkala. Realitas perkembangannya, keberadaan perusahaan berbasis PLB/MLM yang diperuntukan bagi perdagangan barang ini kini telah melebar hingga ke perdagangan jasa. Salah satu implikasinya, dikeluarkan Fatwa No. 83/DSN-MUI/VI/2012 tentang PLB Syari’ah Jasa Perjalanan Umrah sebagai salah satu indikator perusahaan jasa umrah berbasis PLB/MLM. Hanya saja, implementasi PLB/MLM jasa ini menjadi suatu problematika ketika regulasi negara hanya mengatur model pemasaran PLB/MLM bagi perdagangan barang, serta baik evaluasi dan pengawasan usaha berbasis PLB/MLM dilakukan oleh masing-masing otoritas negara yang berbeda.
Kobi ve Orta Ölçekli İşletmelerde Optimum Maliyetle Güvenlik Risklerinin Yönetimi ve Siber Güvenlik Uygulamaları
Authors: Saral Burak , Kasapbaşı Mustafa Cem
Published: December 2024

Dijitalleşmenin hızla yaygınlaşması, küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmeler (KOBİ'ler) için yeni fırsatlar yaratırken, aynı zamanda siber güvenlik tehditlerine karşı kırılganlıklarını artırmaktadır. KOBİ’ler, büyük ölçekli işletmelere kıyasla sınırlı bütçeler ve kaynaklarla çalıştıklarından, siber tehditlere karşı etkili koruma sağlamak için maliyet etkin güvenlik stratejilerine ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Bu durum, KOBİ'lerin siber güvenlik yatırımlarını optimize etme ve risk yönetiminde yenilikçi çözümler geliştirme gerekliliğini doğurmaktadır. Bu çalışma, KOBİ'lerin karşılaştığı başlıca siber tehditlere odaklanarak, bu tehditlere karşı etkin ve sürdürülebilir güvenlik stratejilerinin nasıl uygulanabileceğini araştırmaktadır. Özellikle, düşük maliyetli ancak etkili güvenlik çözümleri ve modern siber tehditlerle mücadelede kullanılabilecek yöntemler üzerinde durulmuştur. Ayrıca, simülasyon ortamında gerçekleştirilen saldırı analizleriyle güvenlik önlemlerinin etkinliği değerlendirilecek ve elde edilen bulgular üzerinden KOBİ’ler için pratik öneriler sunulacaktır. Makale, KOBİ'lerin kaynaklarını en verimli şekilde kullanarak operasyonel sürekliliklerini nasıl koruyabileceklerine dair rehber niteliğinde bir çalışma sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, atak simülasyonları ve güvenlik katmanlarının performans analizleri, önerilen stratejilerin gerçek dünyadaki uygulanabilirliğini göstermesi açısından önemli bir katkı sağlamaktadır.
UNDERSTANDING GENERATIONAL DIFFERENCES IN DESTINATION CHOICE PRIORITIES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GEN X, Y, AND Z
Authors: Alagöz Gürkan , Güneş Erkan
Published: December 2024

Destination choice is considered a key component in assessing the competitiveness of tourism destinations. While numerous studies have been conducted on the various factors influencing destination preferences, it has been observed that the impact of generational differences on destination choice requires deeper investigation. This study aims to determine whether there are any differences in the factors influencing destination choice among the X, Y, and Z generations. To this end, a survey was conducted among participants who had traveled for holiday purposes within the past year and were over 18 years old. The analysis of the data revealed significant differences between the generations in terms of factors such as infrastructure facilities, access to information, and the tourist attractions of the destination. Furthermore, differences were found between the participants' education levels and their destination selection behaviors. The findings of this research provide opportunities for destination marketing organizations to develop effective marketing strategies and contribute to a deeper understanding of the purchasing behavior intentions of different generations.
ADANMIŞLIKTAN SESSİZLİĞE, SESSİZLİKTEN VAZGEÇİŞE: SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA SESSİZ İSTİFA ÜZERİNE KAVRAMSAL BİR ÇERÇEVE
Authors: Tosun Nurperihan , Akay Alp Caner
Published: December 2024

Sağlık çalışanları arasında örgütsel sessizlik, sağlık işletmelerinin ve hizmetlerinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik katkıları engelleyebilecek önemli bir sorundur. Sessiz istifa ise çalışanların işlerine karşı duydukları bağlılık ve motivasyonun zamanla azalması ve yalnızca asgari düzeyde görevlerini yerine getirmeleriyle karakterizedir. Sağlık profesyonelleri rollerinden zihinsel olarak uzaklaştıklarında, bu durum daha kötü hasta sonuçları, azalan güvenlik ve tehlikeye giren duygusal bakımla sonuçlanabilir. Bunlar hasta memnuniyeti ve genel sağlık hizmeti etkinliği için hayati önem taşıyan faktörlerdir. Sonuç olarak örgütsel sessizlik, sessizlik sarmalı ve sessiz istifa, işyeri iletişimini etkileyen birbirine bağlı ve ilişkili olgulardır. Sağlık sektöründe iş yükleri, yoğun ve stresli çalışma koşulları çoğu zaman bu sessizlik sarmalı içindeki örgütsel sessizliği etkilemektedir. Sonrasında ise bu durum dolaylı maliyetlerle fiilen işten ayrılmanın maliyetine neredeyse eşit olan sessiz istifaya yol açmaktadır. Bu nedenle sağlık yöneticilerin proaktif stratejiler geliştirerek çalışanların iş-yaşam dengesini koruyacak, fiziksel ve psikolojik yüklerini kontrol altına alacak, güven temelli, destekleyici, ilerleme ve gelişim odaklı çalışma ortamları oluşturmaları gerekmektedir.
YEREL HALKIN TURİZMİN ETKİLERİNE YÖNELİK ALGILARININ ÖLÇÜLMESİ: MİDYAT ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Gültekin Fatma , Güney Selami
Published: December 2024

Dünya genelinde hızlı bir büyüme gösteren ve bölgeler arasında para kaynağı olarak görülen turizm sektörü birçok ülke tarafından önemli görülmektedir. Ancak turizm sektörünün gelişmesiyle birlikte birçok olumlu ve olumsuz etki de ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu etkilerin başında ekonomi, çevresel ve sosyokültürel etkiler gelmektedir. Turizmin ortaya çıkan etkileri, en fazla yerel halk üzerinde hissedilmektedir. Yerel halkın, turizmden bu denli etkilenmesinin, bölge halkının turizm faaliyetlerine yönelik tutum ve davranışlarının ölçülmesi önemli bir konu haline gelmektedir. Tarihi, inanç ve kültürel etkileri yönünden önemli bir çekiciliğe sahip olan Midyat ilçesi hem ulusal hem de uluslararası turizm hareketleri sayesinde önemli bir turistik destinasyon olarak kabul edilmektedir. Ele alınan çalışma da Midyat ilçesindeki bölge halkının turizmin gelişimine ve turizm sektörünün etkilediği sosyal, çevresel ve ekonomik etkilere yönelik algıların belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda yerel halkın turizm sektörünü desteklediklerini ve yapılan çalışmalara katkı sağladıkları görülmektedir.
Federated Learning for Attack Prediction on UNSW-NB15 Training Data
Authors: Tanyıldız Hayriye , Batur Şahin Canan , Batur  Dinler Özlem
Published: December 2024

With the increasing prevalence of cyber threats, robust network security has become imperative. Traditional centralized machine learning models for network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) face significant challenges related to data confidentiality, scalability, and centralization risks. Federated Learning (FL) offers a decentralized approach that allows multiple clients to train a shared model while keeping their data local collaboratively. This technique is particularly relevant to attack prediction in cybersecurity, where organizations may be hesitant to share sensitive data due to privacy and security concerns. This paper investigates the application of FL on the UNSW-NB15 dataset to predict network attacks. The study demonstrates the potential of FL to achieve high accuracy and minimal false negatives in attack detection while preserving data confidentiality. The results visualized in the confusion matrix highlight the effectiveness of FL in distinguishing between normal and malicious network traffic, making it a promising approach for real-world cybersecurity applications. By leveraging FL, organizations can improve their network security infrastructure while reducing the risks associated with centralized data processing.
WF-AlexNet:AlexNet with Automatically Optimized Hyperparameters for Weather Forecasting
Authors: Kızıloluk Soner , Sert Eser
Published: December 2024

Image classification is a critical area of research with widespread applications across various disciplines, including computer vision, pattern recognition, and artificial intelligence. Despite the advancements in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), which have revolutionized the field by providing powerful tools for image classification, many studies have encountered challenges in achieving optimal classification performance. These challenges often arise from the complex nature of CNN architectures and the multitude of hyperparameters that require fine-tuning. Among the CNN models, AlexNet has been widely recognized for its contributions to deep learning, yet there remains significant potential for improvement through the optimization of its hyperparameters. In this study, WF-AlexNET designed to enhance the performance of the AlexNet architecture by optimizing the hyperparameters of its first convolutional layer using the Equilibrium Optimization (EO) algorithm. The EO algorithm, was employed to fine-tune the filter size, filter number, stride, and padding parameters, which are crucial for effective feature extraction. The proposed WF-AlexNET method was rigorously tested on a multi-class weather image dataset to evaluate its classification accuracy and robustness. Experimental results demonstrate that WF-AlexNET significantly outperforms the standard AlexNet model, achieving a 10.5% increase in mean validation accuracy and a 6.51% improvement in test accuracy. Furthermore, the proposed approach was compared against other prominent CNN architectures, including VGG-16, GoogleNet, ShuffleNet, MobileNet-V2, and VGG-19. WF-AlexNET consistently exhibited superior classification performance across multiple metrics, including F1-score and maximum accuracy, highlighting its efficacy in addressing the challenges associated with hyperparameter optimization in CNNs.
Direct Synthesis Method-based PID Controller Design for High Order Systems
Authors: Can Mehmet Serhat , Doğruer Tufan
Published: December 2024

This study presents a PID controller design using the Direct Synthesis (DS) method for high-order systems. The DS method offers an analytical approach to parameter tuning. PID controllers are widely favored due to their simple structure and the easy with which their parameters can be tuned. Classical controller performances may not be sufficient to control unstable, integrator-containing, or high-order systems. To overcome this problem in controlling high-order systems, high-order systems can be reduced to low-order systems using model reduction techniques. PID controller designs can be realized using reduced models. In the study, two high-order systems are taken as an example, and PID controller designs are made using second-order models of these systems. In both examples, time and frequency response analyses are presented with figures, and performance evaluations are interpreted. In the control of high-order systems, very successful results are obtained with the presented method.
Text Clustering with Pre-Trained Models: BERT, RoBERTa, ALBERT and MPNet
Authors: Alagöz Oğuzhan , Uçkan Taner
Published: December 2024

Text clustering is the process of collecting similar sentences in texts of variable size in the same group. Text clustering methods are an important area used for data analysis and for extracting information from these data. Many studies have been carried out in this area using different approaches and methods. In this study, the results of BERT (Bidirectional encoder representations from transformers), ROBERTa (Robustly optimized BERT pretraining approach), ALBERT(A lite BERT) and MPNet (Masked and permuted pre-training for language understanding) models, which are pre-trained models, and the TF-IDF (Term frequency-inverse document frequency) method, which is traditional statistical feature extraction, were compared while performing text representation. After the feature extraction stage, performance measurements were made by clustering with K-means, BIRCH (Balanced iterative reducing and clustering using hierarchies), Agglomerative clustering and Mini-batch K-means algorithms. When the measurements are evaluated, it has been reported that the pre-trained models give superior clustering results compared to the classical models.
Evaluation of volatile oil components of Salvia multicaulis (Vahl) plant growing in Malatya-Akçadağ region
Authors: Sönmez Damla , Yılmaz Ülkü , Kabaktepe Şanlı
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to determine the chemical content of the Salvia multicaulis Vahl plant collected in two different locations (38°27’07.9”N 38°01’56.6”E; 38°29’53.0”N 37°55’55.0”E) in Akçadağ district of Malatya province. The essential oils of the above-ground parts of plants were prepared with Clevenger apparatus. The plant was collected in May, June, and July in two different locations. According to analysis of GC-MS the major components were identified as eucalyptol (13.88, 18.39%; 14.89, 21.33%; 19.57, 23.29%), α-pinene (11.60, 10.02%; 13.72, 11.00%; 11.64, 11.69%), and camphor (10.87, 7.43%; 16.02, 6.18%; 16.41, 4.70%)
Concentration-Driven Enhancement of Optical Properties in 3MeO-4ClAN for Advanced Photonic Applications
Authors: Babali Özen Leyla , Özen Furkan , Turgut Cin Günseli , Gündüz Bayram
Published: December 2024

In this study, we investigated the photophysical properties of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(3-methoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile (3MeO-4ClAN) at various concentrations in DMSO solvent. We specifically examined the effect of different solute concentrations on the optoelectronic properties of this compound, with a focus on applications requiring a low optical band gap. The results demonstrate the potential of 3MeO-4ClAN for optoelectronic applications across a range of concentrations. Experimental optical measurements were performed at different molarities, covering wavelengths from 190 to 1100 nm, using ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectral analysis at room temperature.
AI-Powered GPT-Based University-Specific Chat Assistant: UniROBO
Authors: Budak Serdar , Aslan Serpil
Published: December 2024

AI-powered chat applications are innovative solutions that facilitate user interaction and information access. These applications improve user experience by providing personalized and context-sensitive responses thanks to large language models and natural language processing techniques. This study examined the design and development process of UniRobo, an AI-powered chat application developed for Malatya Turgut Ozal University students and staff. UniRobo is an application that provides instant information on topics such as education, food menus, and campus events and offers personalized responses using large language models and natural language processing techniques. In the development process, based on user needs analysis, the mobile application was created with React Native, the back-end was created with Python and FastAPI, and the MongoDB database was integrated. Artificial intelligence capabilities were supported by OpenAI API and fine-tuning, thus adapting to university-specific content. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) architecture and Azure AI Search technology increased user satisfaction by providing more accurate and faster responses. As a result, UniRobo has made university life more accessible, providing users with access to fast and accurate information, and has demonstrated the potential of artificial intelligence-based solutions in the education sector.
Analysis of the Malatya Centrality-Based Clique Method on DIMACS Benchmarks and Random Graphs
Authors: Öztemiz Furkan , Yakut Selman
Published: December 2024

The Maximum Clique Problem (MCP) is an NP-complete problem that aims to find the largest clique (complete subgraph) within a given graph. This problem has widespread applications in fields such as social network analysis, bioinformatics, chemical information systems, and communication networks. Although various solution methods have been proposed in the literature, an effective method that provides a general solution across different graph types is not yet available. In this study, we demonstrate that our previously proposed maximum clique method provides an effective solution for MCP on DIMACS benchmark graphs and random graphs generated using different models such as Erdos-Renyi, Forest Fire, Watts-Strogatz, and Regular Random models. The proposed method begins by computing the complement of the original graph. In the complement graph, the maximum independent set is determined using the Malatya Independent Set Algorithm, an efficient algorithm well-recognized in the literature. The maximum independent set identified in the complement graph is then used to determine the subgraph corresponding to the maximum clique in the original graph. The effectiveness of the proposed method was validated through tests on widely recognized DIMACS benchmark graphs. Additionally, to evaluate its performance and robustness on unpredictable graphs, tests were conducted on random graphs of varying complexities generated using Erdos-Renyi, Forest Fire, Watts-Strogatz, and Regular Random models. The results of these tests demonstrated that the method produced optimal or near-optimal MCP solutions for both DIMACS and random graphs. The successful outcomes further highlight the efficiency of the proposed method and its potential applicability in MCP-related domains.
The Role of CFD Technique in the Effect of Baffle Blocks on Flow Dynamics
Authors: Aydoğdu Mahmut
Published: December 2024

The flow accumulated behind a water body or released from a high level has a very high amount of hydraulic energy. Since this energy causes high speeds in the flow, it creates high pressure and friction conditions. As a result, it creates scour, erosion and cavitation problems on the water structure or downstream. This is an undesirable situation. If precautions are not taken, it causes the water structure to collapse completely or the facilities and structures around it to suffer serious damage. In field applications, energy-breaking structures are constructed to bypass such negative situations. Chute channels, drop beds or energy-breaking basins are the most preferred of these structures. Blocks placed especially on chute channels or inside energy-breaking basins are quite effective in absorbing the energy of the flow. These blocks absorb the energy of the flow by creating turbulence inside them. Sometimes this turbulence situation is achieved by the flow hitting the blocks and sometimes by separating the flow. The aim here is to reduce the supercritical velocities to subcritical. This can only be achieved by providing a hydraulic jump. In this study, energy breaking situations of single-row and double-row block arrangements were investigated in a numerical environment. For this, 3D solutions were obtained using Ansys-Fluent software. A T-shaped block geometry was selected as the block shape. Such a block type was preferred to increase the surface parts of the current hitting the blocks and thus to observe the energy absorption situation. According to the results of the study, the single-row block type provided more energy absorption. It can be said that this study will be an important base in determining the current and block interactions that cannot be measured experimentally before moving on to field applications.
ON MYTHS AND MINDSETS
Authors:   Bangor University – Bangor, CRYSTAL David
Published: December 2024

Following his visit to Montenegro in April 2012, the author of this paper discusses the local and global ef­fects of the digital era and the Internet on reading and writ­ing, with an emphasis on younger generations.
PHILOSOPHICAL-SYMBOLIC ORGANIZATION OF THE GLAGOLITIC SCRIPT ON THE BASIS OF DIVINE TETRAKTYS
Authors:   Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta J. J. Strossmayera u Osijeku, LUKIĆ Milica , BLAŽEVIĆ-KREZIĆ Vera , BABIĆ-SESAR Tena
Published: December 2024

Starting from the strong positions established through the existing endogenous theories on the origin of the Glagolitic script, the paper aims to shape a new understanding of the particularities of the first Slavic alphabet, which are based on a fundamental permeation of scientific and spiritual thoughts, as well as the permeation between the visual and mental that is outlined in the understanding of each individual character/letter of the Glagolitic alphabet. From a diachronic point of view, it is a decomposed interpretation of the form and symbolism of Glagolitic letters with regard to genetically related cultural-civilization patterns (pre-Indo-European, pre-Slavic, (Old) Slavic and Croatian traditions and custom), especially bearing in mind the complex link between any language system and the related extra-linguistic reality. It is an interdisciplinary subject based on linguistics, literature, art, geometry, mathematics, history, mythology, philosophy, theology, anthropology, ethnology and cultural sciences.
ON TRANSLATING SPECIALIZED TEXTS IN THEORY AND PRACTICE: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK, TRANSLATION METHODS AND PROCEDURES
Authors:   Institut za strane jezike – Podgorica, PALAJSA-BACKOVIĆ Kristina , DRINČIĆ Goran ,   Institut za crnogorski jezik i književnost
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the authors provide an overview of the theoretical background needed for successful translation process. We discuss the correlation between the basic principles of the translation theory and their practical application by translators in the course of their work, i.e. deciding on the best options for adequate translation approaches, methods and procedures, while at the same time referring to major authors and reference materials in this area.
COLLOCATIONAL AND CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF UNITS CONTAINING THE SOMATIC COMPONENT HEART
Authors: SMAJLOVIĆ-ŠABIĆ Indira
Published: December 2024

A significant amount of co-existence of units containing the somatic component heart can be noted in the Bosnian language, on the one hand as a collocation basis, and as the organ presenting a source domain in a number of metaphorical and metonymic expressions on the other. Still, heart is more common in structures that bring its figurative meaning, especially the idiomatic one. In metaphors, heart is mainly specified and materialized as a machine, object, substance, feeling, which fully utilizes the figurative component in it. As for metonymy, it is only realized as a part for a whole, as in the case of metonymy heart for a person, which belongs to the model of body part for a person.
ON THE CONDITIONAL MOOD IN THE FRENCH LANGUAGE
Authors:   Institut za strane jezike – Podgorica, ŠPADIJER Sonja
Published: December 2024

The aim of this paper is to present some of the characteristics of the conditional mood (le conditionnel) in the French language, as well as to acquaint French language teachers with the results of recent studies attempting to identify the basic meaning of the conditional mood. The question posed is whether the conditional mood refers to the grammar category of voice or tense?
POWER THROUGH LANGUAGE PLAYS IN WHO’S AFRAID OF VIRGINIA WOOLF BY EDWARD ALBEE
Authors:   Sveučilište u Splitu, MATIĆ Daniela
Published: December 2024

The author of this paper analyzes the discourse of power in the play, using the critical discourse analysis view that language itself has no power, and that the power comes from language users who are, depending on the circumstances, subordinates or superiors in the relations with their counterparts. The analysis includes the pragmatic theories such as the theory of speech acts by J. A. Austin and J. R. Searle, the cooperative principle and the theory of implicature by H. P. Grice, and the politeness theory by P. Brown and S. Levinson, which inevitably include the speech event attended by the speaker and the listener in the given speech act circumstances. Analyzing the utterances of two spouses, main characters in the play, we wanted to determine the practices and linguistic tools that they used in order to gain power over their opposing spouse, i.e. how the power is shown in discourse and how the action is directed towards a perlocutionary goal, desired or not.
ROVCA AND MORAČA IN NJEGOŠ’S WORKS
Authors: PIŽURICA Krsto
Published: December 2024

The paper provides an overview of the presence of Rovca and Morača in Njegoš’s works. Njegoš did not write much about people from Rovca and Morača – just enough to prevent these two border tribes from being forgotten. And while the image of people from Rovca is quite similar to that of other tribes, the situation with Morača is somewhat different. Njegoš thought highly of Uskoci’s heroism, which can be seen from the letters by M. Medaković, the Bishop’s Secretary. As a border area of Upper Morača, people from Rovca and Morača assisted them in their struggle with Smail-aga Čengić, and Njegoš had known this.
WORDS OF ORIENTAL ORIGIN IN THE TOPONYMY OF SPUŽ AND ITS SURROUNDINGS
Authors:   Dukljanska akademija nauka i umjetnosti, PULEVIĆ Vukić
Published: December 2024

The paper lists 156 toponyms from the territory of Spuž and immediate surroundings, whose stems are of Oriental origin. Bearing in mind that toponyms are inseparable from their locations, they are a testimony of centuries-long Ottoman presence in the territory of Montenegro. According to their structure, the toponyms listed are very different, whereas the majority of them have maintained personal names or surnames of land (fields, meadows, forests) owners, such as Bećirovina, Burazerovina, Kolarevina, Remove šume, etc. In a similar manner, constructions have been named: Huseinova džamija, Ali-agina vrata, Derviš-pašina kula, Azizija, Birindži kula, Šefketija, etc. Several names of quarters, bridges, orographic and hydrographic buildings are also listed.
CONTRIBUTION TO THE TOPONOMASTICS OF CRMNICA’S VILLAGE BRAĆENI
Authors:   Institut za crnogorski jezik i književnost, ČIRGIĆ Adnan , RADOMAN Aleksandar
Published: December 2024

The authors of this paper have attempted to provide a list of toponyms in Crmnica’s village Braćeni, recorded on the spot from informant Milorad Radoman. A list certainly does not contain all the toponyms in Braćeni, but it most likely includes all the toponyms that are still remembered.
VUK MINIĆ – PERSONIFICATION OF CULTURAL CHALLENGES AND CREATIVE ENTHUSIASM (Reminder of one of the protagonists of spiritual and political revival of Montenegro)
Authors:   Matica crnogorska, DRAŠKOVIĆ Čedomir
Published: December 2024

The author of this paper gives a brief account of the life and work of Vuk Minić. The whole biography of Vuk Minić was a convincing story of the ethical and aesthetic, of how a person is formed from a child, and how original and mature, mentally strong and dominant personalities are created. It is a rare story of human genesis, maturation of rational life, responsible time consumption, and dignified struggle with the most complex life challenges. The long education process and professional maturation, in parallel with the acquisition of scientific affirmation of the highest order – only lifted the universal worthi-ness of this modest and persistent man.
SOLAR’S CAPITAL WORK (M. Solar, History of World Literature, the Institute for Montenegrin Language and Literature, Podgorica, 2012)
Authors: PIŽURICA Krsto
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the author gives a brief review of the History of World Literature by Milivoj Solar. The author notes Solar’s remarkable sense of time and continuity. In a temporal context, he examines and evaluates literary epochs, their representatives and works of art of selected authors. Solar made a breakthrough in studying works of oral literature, but the historical sense of time prevails in the study of written literature as well. Description is present in his study methods, but science and scientific approach are at the core of the process. Solar’s manner of studying epochs, styles, writing techniques, and ideas and structures is so comprehensive that it impresses the science as well as the laymen.
ON THE OCCASION OF PROMOTION OF THE HISTORY OF WORLD LITERATURE BY MILIVOJ SOLAR
Authors:   Filozofski fakuletet − Nikšić, KNEŽEVIĆ Jelena
Published: December 2024

History of World Literature by Milivoj Solar is a comprehensive chronological overview of the basic facts about the literary phenomena of global significance. Relying on the spiritual-historical method of writing literary his-tory, Goethe’s view of world literature as a set of aesthetically valuable liter-ary works that reflect the unity in the diversity of languages and cultures of the world, and the hermeneutic approach to understanding the relationship between the parts and the whole, Professor Solar wrote the history of literature as a story that offers an insight into the history of ideas and the continuity of the development of literary forms at the same time. Thanks to the abundance of clearly arranged relevant facts and short interpretive portraits of individual works, Solar’s History transcends the author’s intention to write a guide for students and becomes, for lucid readers, a starting point for further literary research.
TO THE MONTENEGRIN LITERATURE – A BOOK OF DEEP DEVOTION (Milorad Nikčević, Montenegrin Literature from 1852 to 1918, the Institute for Montenegrin Language and Literature, Podgorica, 2012)
Authors:   Filozofski fakultet − Osijek, SABLJIĆ Jakov
Published: December 2024

The author provides a review of the third volume of the History of the Montenegrin Literature entitled Montenegrin Literature from 1852 to 1918. In this volume, Milorad Nikčević encompassed the period from the fifties of the XX century to the World War I. A number of Montenegrin poets, narrators, and writers of travelogues and memoirs appeared at the time, while the drama literature and literary criticism were gradually developed. In the History, the main distinction criterion of analyzed literary-artistic structure is based on literary genres: poetry, prose, drama, etc. This is why the paper provides an overview of Nikčević’s conclusions on typological particularities of literary works within the categories of the Montenegrin literature of Romanticism, Realism and Modernism. A synthesis on the Montenegrin drama, authored by Aleksandar Radoman, is particularly emphasized.
BOX OF VOWS OF MONTENEGRIN WOMEN (Laments, Vuk Vrčević, prepared by Danilo Radojević, Institute for Montenegrin Language and Literature, Podgorica, 2011)
Authors:   Univerzitet Crne Gore, SAVKOVIĆ-VUKČEVIĆ Nela ,   Univerzitet Donja Gorica
Published: December 2024

The paper reviews the book Laments, describing it as a testimony of the artistic range of laments, richness of the Montenegrin language, and the reputation of women in the Montenegrin tradition. According to the author, the book assesses the importance of laments in spiritual and moral life of Montenegrins, and discusses their duration and forms.
DRAGUTIN ANTUN PARČIĆ AND HIS ROMAN MISSAL IN THE SLAVONIC LANGUAGE (ROME, 1893) (On the occasion of 100 years since Parčić’s death and the reprint of his Glagolitic Missal in Montenegro)
Authors:   Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta J. J. Strossmayera u Osijeku, LUKIĆ Milica
Published: December 2024

The paper discusses the preparation and printing of the Glagolitic Missal (known in science as Parčić’s Missal) in the second half of the XIX century. This liturgical book created within the common segment of the cultural history of Croatian and Montenegrin peoples, referring to events related to the agreement made between the Holy See and Montenegro in 1886, presents the culmination of restoration of Cyril-Methodius’ heritage among the Slavs in the XIX century, among the proponents of which was also Đakovo’s and Srijem’s bishop Josip Juraj Strossmayer.
DALIBOR BROZOVIĆ’S SCIENTIFIC VIEWS OFMONTENEGRIN LANGUAGE
Authors:   Institut za crnogorski jezik i jezikoslovlje, NIKČEVIĆ P. Vojislav
Published: December 2024

Scholar Dalibor Brozović, as one of the greatest linguists of his time, permanently marked the time he lives and creates in. He was a part of a broad circle of Croatian, Yugoslav, and Indo-European studies experts, ever since being the co-author of the Declaration of the Name and Position of the Croatian Language (1967). Brozović was also active in Montenegrin encyclopedism and linguistics although he was limited to Serbian and/or Croatian language which was the official language in four federal Yugoslav republics and two counties. After a few unsuccessful tries of Montenegrin linguists, he created the unit Montenegrin - II Language in the second edition of Yugoslav Encyclopedia (3, Crn-Đ, Yugoslav Lexicographic Institute „Miroslav Krleža“, Zagreb, 1984., 58-61). Objectively expanding the limits and advancing the knowledge about the Montenegrin language, this unit went through a rigorous procedure of synchronizing with all editorial offices in republics and counties of Yugoslav Encyclopedia as a part of coordinated collective mind. In comparison to this most researched encyclopedic unit, which stands for the first and only synthesis of Montenegrin language, scholar Brozović briefly deals with their Language in Croatian Encyclopedia in the unit MONTENEGRINS (2, Be-Da, Yugoslav Lexicographic Institute „Miroslav Krleža“, Zagreb, 2000., p. 4). The author of this paper will try to critically analyze all hypotheses by taking into consideration constitutional, social, and political limitations of the two encyclopedic units about the Montenegrin language. The author will deal with Montenegrin language from today’s perspective, for it is yet uncertain how will the new Constitution of Montenegrin Republic define the official language of Montenegro as free, independent, and internationally recognized country (it is expected to be Montenegrin language).
IVAN CRNOJEVIĆ IN MONTENEGRIN TOPONYMY
Authors:   Institut za crnogorski jezik i jezikoslovlje “Vojislav P. Nikčević”, PULEVIĆ Vukić , SAMARDŽIĆ Novica
Published: December 2024

Numerous facts bear witness on Montenegrin ruler Ivan Crnojević (1465-1490) both in national history and tradition. During centuries Montenegrins kept in memories and esteemed their meritorious ruler through national songs, legends and many toponym.
There are 84 toponym named by Ivan Crnojević have been collected and analyzed in this document. His name has been given to springs, rivers, woods, vineyards, roads, pathways, caves, fortress and castles, churches, mills etc.
SOME OF THE CHARASTERISTIC FEATURES OF THE MONTENEGRIN LANGUAGE
Authors:   Univerzitet Ivan Franko – Ukrajina, VASILJEVA Ljudmila
Published: December 2024

The author points out the processes wich perceded the reestablishment of the Montenegrin standard language. The special emphasis is put on the significance of the academic Ničević in the process of the Montenegrin language stadardization. Besides, some significant features of the Montengerin language in terms of the other 3 štokavian languages are given.