bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does uncontrollability lead to effort avoidance? The role of perceived task load
Authors: Bukowski Marcin , Majchrowicz Bartosz , Michalik Jakub , Soral Wiktor , Campbell Aidan Vern , Inzlicht Michael
Published: December 2024

Experiences of uncontrollability affect the efficiency of cognitive control. However, the underlying reasons for these cognitive after-effects remain unclear. In this research, we take a motivational perspective and test the hypothesis that uncontrollability leads to avoidance of mental effort. We examined this hypothesis in two preregistered experiments, in which we induced uncontrollability by giving participants tasks with action-non-contingent feedback and subsequently measuring effort investment using two different tasks: a Demand Selection Task (DST; Experiment 1, N = 329) and a Voluntary Task Switching procedure (VTS; Experiment 2, N = 358). Overall, both experiments showed that uncontrollability led to effort avoidance, particularly depending on the perceived task load. Additionally, for Voluntary Task Switching, uncontrollability resulted in lower switch rates in the early free-choice trials of the task. These results coincide with our prediction that uncontrollability can drive cognitive effort avoidance, with effects varying based on perceived task load and the type of effort measure used.
Emotional Intelligence and Socioemotional Attributes: Distinct Constructs and Their Uses
Authors: Mayer John David , Caruso David R.
Published: December 2024

We examine evidence for the validity of different measures under the label emotional intelligence (EI). Some measures are valid for the assessment of EI and others are valid for the assessment of socioemotional attributes (SEA). The constructs of EI and SEA are defined and measures of each described, along with the mental response processes the measures elicit: test-takers’ abilities, self-estimated attributes, or observer reports. Both EI and SEA measures are valid but for distinctly different purposes, and the two classes of measures make different predictions. We add our voices to those who have advocated for dropping the EI label from SEA measures to more clearly draw the distinction between the two. Being clearer about constructs and measures will enhance consulting in the workplace and other applied settings.
Disposal and Price Behavior of Paddy on Chitwan Valley, Nepal
Authors: Bhandari P. , Weber Karl E.
Published: December 2024

Not available.
An Account of Sugarcane Farming in Parsa District, Nepal
Authors: Karna Sohan K
Published: December 2024

Not available.
Food Requirement, Production, and Population Growth in Nepal: An overview
Authors: Acharya Ved Raj
Published: December 2024

Not available.
Nepal's Foreign Trade: The Changing Scenario of Commodity Composition and Direction
Authors: Singh M.P. , Singh Vimal Shankar
Published: December 2024

Not Available
An Analysis of Fertility Determinants in Nepal
Authors: Pathak Ram Sharan
Published: December 2024

Not Available.
Trinity in the Nepal-India Monetary Arrangement: Lessons from Bretton Woods
Authors: Maskay Nephil Matangi
Published: December 2024

Not available.
A Note on Informal to Formal Microfinance: The Himalaya Savings and Finance Company in Nepal
Authors: Seibel Hans Dieter , Dhakhwa Uttam , Schrader Heiko
Published: December 2024

Not available.
Economic Reform in Nepal and WTO Accession: Implications for Agricultural and Rural Development
Authors: Anderson Kym , Tiwari Bishwa Nath
Published: December 2024

Not available.
Pattern of Energy Consumption and Its Impacts on Economic Development of Nepal
Authors: Paudyal Shoora Beer
Published: December 2024

Not available.
Nepalese Carpets: Analysis of Export Oriented Production and Labour Markets
Authors: Graner Elvira
Published: December 2024

Not available.
Key Factors Influencing the Consumer Adoption of Mobile Wallets in Nepal
Authors: Karki Sagar , Shrestha Nikesh , Pokharel Suresh
Published: December 2024

Over recent years, mobile wallets have seen rapid development and increased demand, especially during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Their usage has surged, with various studies examining user intentions and perspectives toward mobile wallets in countries like Malaysia, India, Ghana, and Tanzania. However, such research in Nepal is lacking, highlighting the need for this study. The research integrates the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM) and behavioral elements to create a conceptual model aimed at identifying key determinants influencing users' willingness to use mobile wallets. Using TAM and Innovation Resistance Theory, the study employs a descriptive research approach and quantitative model, gathering numerical data via a self-administered questionnaire. A non-probability sampling technique was used to collect 417 samples among the wallet users in Kathmandu. The findings indicate that UF is the most influential factor among all, based on rank analysis with a mean value (M = 3.954) and a Beta value of 0.271. The results demonstrate a significant relationship between UF, IF, and VF, with |t(417)| = 0.000, 0.000, 0.001 and p-values < 0.05. Conversely, RF, TF, and PCF showed no significant relationships, with |t(417)| = 0.933, 0.178, and 0.065, and p-values > 0.05. Additionally, TF exhibited a positive link with consumer adoption of mobile wallets among those aged 35 and above; |t(32)| = 0.012, p < 0.05. The correlation coefficient (R = 0.595) further indicates a positive correlation.The ANOVA results show a p-value of 0.000, which is below the alpha level of 0.01, confirming the model as a good predictor of the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The F-ratio value of 37.642 is significant at the 1% level, indicating that the regression model has achieved a satisfactory level of goodness-of-fit in predicting the variance in consumer adoption of mobile wallets in relation to the six independent variables, as measured by R, R-squared, and F-ratio values.These results provide a comprehensive understanding of factors influencing mobile wallet adoption in Nepal, valuable to business professionals conducting online transactions via mobile devices. The study's insights into consumer adoption intentions offer a foundation for future research to delve deeper into the factors affecting mobile wallet uptake.
Comparison of Ammonia Removal from Ground Water in Attached Growth Process Using Over-burnt Brick with Suspended Growth Process without Any Media
Authors: Dhungana Kirti , Amatya Iswar Man , Maharjan Rabin , Devkota Subigya , Katwal Kamal
Published: December 2024

Rising amount of ammonia in groundwater is rising problem in groundwater of Kathmandu. This has led to various diseases like blue baby syndrome to arise. So, it is necessary for efficient and safe removal of ammonia from drinking water. Since the physical-chemical system includes the major disadvantages of high operation and maintenance cost, the biological nitrification system can only be a good alternative to remove ammonia from ground water. Hence, an attempt is done in this research to treat ammonia contaminated water by biological nitrification process. Three reactors were constructed in series with media of over-burnt brick and other three in series were constructed without media. The study was carried out for five different flow rates of 10, 14.4, 18.8, 27.6 and 38.8 ml/min. Based on laboratory test the efficiency of these five different flow rates was plotted and conclusions were reached. Achievement of continuously increasing efficiency, which reached to 95–100% in the reactor provided with over-burnt media; reflects a success in the assumption that the over-burnt brick is good media to be used in bio filters for nitrification. The reactors with media have more efficiency than reactors without media. An average efficiency of 56.48% for reactors with media and 37.55% for reactors without media was observed for all the flows. The difference of 18.72± 0.2 was found between reactor with media and reactor without media in both series and single reactor. Low flow rates showed better ammonia removal than flow rates with higher flow rates such that a hydraulic retention time of 7.29 hour per reactor can be taken as design criteria for nitrification using over-burnt brick as media.
CNN-BiLSTM based Facial Emotion Recognition
Authors: Lamichhane Alina , Karn Gopal
Published: December 2024

Human emotions play an important role as they let articulate themselves without any words. Emotion Recognition involve a lot of information about facial expression, body language, tone, and pitch of voice etc. Among all this, Facial expression also plays an important role in interaction between humans and machines and significant amount of research had been done in face emotion recognition. Traditionally feature extraction from the image were done manually but over some past years different Machine Learning (ML) algorithms and Neural Network (NN) had been used for face emotion recognition. In this paper, Hybrid Neural Network CNN-Bi LSTM is used to extract the feature from facial image and detect emotion. To proceed this publicly available FER2013 dataset is used. The model is trained with greyscale image to classify seven emotions such as happy, sad, disgust, angry, fearful, surprise and neutral. The CNN component extracts spatial features, while the BiLSTM layer processes these features to capture temporal dependencies. The model achieves an accuracy of 79.4% when classifying all seven different emotions. However, when limited to detecting three emotions (happy, sad, neutral), the accuracy improves to 89.0%, demonstrating the model’s potential for focused emotion recognition tasks.
Multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) gram negative bacteria at a tertiary care hospital, in Lalitpur, Nepal
Authors: Rajbhandari Piyush , Maharjan Shanta , Aryal Sushant , Pradhan Prasil , Prajapati Silvie
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Prevalence of multi and extensively drug resistant (MDR and XDR) gram negative bacteria (GNB) are increasing trend and becoming a threat to public health. There is no single effective antibiotic to treat these pathogens. These superbugs need continuous surveillance to develop relevant treatment protocols and early therapeutic approaches. In this study, we evaluated the trends in prevalence, etiology and antibiogram of MDR and XDR GNB isolated from various samples in a tertiary care hospital.
Method: It was a hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences. All the records of the patient whose culture and sensitivity report yielded gram negative bacteria from 1st January 2021 to 31st December of 2023 was extracted from the hospital electronic database and analyzed. Ethical approval was taken from the institutional review committee.
Result: The prevalence of MDR GNB was found to be at 22.30%. The prevalence of XDR GNB among the total isolated GNB was 9.41%. Acinetobacter baumanii complex, Klebsiella spp., Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most common MDR and XDR pathogens encountered. For the antibiotics tested, a higher number of isolates were susceptible to carbapenem group (32%) followed by aminoglycosides (28.3%) doxycycline (26%) and piperacillin-tazobactam (17.4%).
Conclusion: More than 22% of patients with GNB infection were multidrug resistant. Aminoglycosides and carbapenems are good options for treatment of MDR-GNB infection however treatment should be based on culture and sensitivity reports. When treating XDR-GNB infection, adding doxycycline can also be considered.
Developmental outcome of babies born to mother infected with Coronavirus-19 during pregnancy
Authors: Ojha Anil Raj , Bartaula Bikalpa
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Developmental effect on children of mothers who had corona virus during pregnancy is unknown. This study aims to determine developmental outcomes of these babies after infancy.
Method: This is an observational study carried out from 1 Oct 2020 to 31 Dec 2020. All the babies born from the mother who were tested positive for coronavirus anytime during pregnancy were included. Controls were those babies whose mothers were PCR negative prior to delivery. All the children were assessed for development at 12 months of age . They were screened using BRIGANCE III and ages and stages questionnaires (ASQ) for development profile in all domains. The total score obtained in the test was compared against the normative value for that age and sex.
Result: During the study period 1967 babies were delivered. Among them 48(2.44%) babies were born from mothers who were tested positive for COVID-19. Out of these 12 children returned for development assessment. Out of 12 cases two (16.6%) and among controls three (25%) failed the BRIGANCE III screening. This difference is not statistically different (p=0.61). ASQ showed that among all the cases who failed developmental screening test, in both groups, were below cut off score in communication domain.
Conclusion: There is no difference in the developmental outcome of children who were born from a mother who contracted COVID-19 during pregnancy as compared to those born from mothers who had no evidence of that infection.
Rebound hyperbilirubinemia in newborns more than 35 weeks of gestational age at tertiary care center: a descriptive study
Authors: Shrestha Bijesh , Ojha Anil Raj , Sharma Chalise Shiva Prasad
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Rebound hyperbilirubinemia is defined as a total serum bilirubin (TSB) value sent following stopping of phototherapy that requires reinstitution of phototherapy. Identification of the risk factors for rebound hyperbilirubinemia facilitates early discharge of newborns without risk factors.
Method: This was a hospital based prospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care centre of Nepal and included 71 newborns born ≥35 weeks of gestational age requiring phototherapy for neonatal jaundice between October 2019 to October 2020. Following complete examination, phototherapy was started and stopped on the basis of threshold graphs of National Institution for Health Care and Excellence (NICE). A rebound TSB was measured 12 hours after stopping phototherapy. A rebound TSB value requiring phototherapy was considered significant. Risk factors like sex, age at onset of jaundice, sepsis, blood group incompatibilities were studied. Data entry and analysis were done using Epi info 7 and Easy R software.
Result: Out of total 71 cases, significant rebound hyperbiliubinemia was found in 15.49%. The cases with rebound had male predominace (81.81%), 54% developed jaundice before 72 hours of life, 28.5% had ABO setting and 21.40% had sepsis. The median difference in TSB value from threshold value at initiation and stoppage of phototherapy for rebound cases were 3.50 and 3.80 respectively.
Conclusion: Rebound hyperbilirubinemia should be assessed in those babies with risk factors and other babies may be discharged without measuring rebound TSB and rather be called for early follow up.
Social Security for Elderly in Nepal: Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Adhikari Bhawani Shankar
Published: December 2024

Population aging has been found to occur when a greater proportion of the total population consists of older individuals. Social security has identified to encompass governmental financial support programs aimed at enhancing the welfare of vulnerable groups within society, including children, the elderly, the sick, and the unemployed. It has served as a critical instrument through which governments must be identified to ensure the well-being of their citizens. The challenges arising from population aging has been found to prompt governments to develop policies, plans, and legislation in order to effectively meet the needs of these demographics and address associated issues. Various subtopics have been drawn under the obstacles and hurdles for the addressing of the senior citizens’ issues in Nepal and it has covered the different subtopics like social challenges, economic challenges, healthcare related challenges, and the institutional challenges which have been found to be addressed on time for the solution of the senior citizens’ problems in Nepal. Policy making solution has been analyzed under the various thematic categories like development of comprehensive policy, legislation and rights protection, social support and inclusion, promoting integration, awareness campaigns, economic security, enhancing social security systems, pension reforms, healthcare access and services, improving healthcare infrastructures, affordable healthcare, institutional support and capacity building, capacity building for service providers, coordination between agencies, implementation and monitoring, implementation strategy, monitoring and evaluation have been found to be analyzed and identified. By integrating the components into a cohesive policy framework, Nepal can address the multifaceted challenges faced by senior citizens. It’s essential to draw on international best practices while adapting solutions to suit Nepal’s socio-cultural context and specific needs. Collaboration between government, civil society, and international partners can be crucial for successful policy implementation and sustainable improvement in the quality of life for older adults in Nepal.
Bibliotecas públicas y acción social: tendencias de una década (2013-2023)
Authors: García-Rodríguez Araceli , Gómez-Díaz Raquel
Published: December 2024

La función social de las bibliotecas abarca acciones dirigidas tanto al conjunto de la sociedad como a colectivos específicos en riesgo de exclusión. Esta labor se refleja en los proyectos que presentan las bibliotecas a los dos galardones profesionales más reconocidos: los Premios María Moliner y el Sello del Consejo de Cooperación Bibliotecaria en las convocatorias de 2013 a 2023. Las tendencias de estos reconocimientos muestran que las bibliotecas se conciben como espacios de encuentro intergeneracional, donde se promueve la lectura y el acceso a contenidos con un enfoque social. Asimismo, se organizan talleres de alfabetización destinados a colectivos específicos y se brinda apoyo psicosocial y emocional a través de la lectura. Además, las bibliotecas enfrentan retos contemporáneos, como el cambio climático, y se consolidan como espacios clave para la integración comunitaria, el aprendizaje colaborativo y la participación ciudadana. De este modo, no solo fomentan la lectura y el acceso a la cultura, sino que también fortalecen el tejido social, la convivencia y la colaboración activa entre los ciudadanos.
Evaluation the New Hydro-Pneumatic Damper for Passenger Car using LQR, PID and H-infinity Control Strategies
Authors: Abd - Elwahab M. Rabie , Moaaz Ahmad O. , Faris Waleed Fekry , Ghazaly Nouby M. , Makrahy Mostafa M.
Published: December 2024

In this study, a mathematical model of a new hydro-pneumatic damper consists of a double-acting cylinder, two oil chambers, a damping valve, and an accumulator is developed to assess its response to vertical vibrations in a passenger car. The main idea of the new damper aim to make that the damping coefficient in compression differ than that in rebound which achieve more stability specially during cornering. The damping coefficient difference in compression and rebound can be achieved due to the presence of accumulator. Both passive and active hydro-pneumatic suspension systems with the new damper employing different control strategies such as LQR, PID, and H-infinity control, are employed to assess the effectiveness of the suspension system. The investigation focuses on vertical acceleration, pitch acceleration, suspension deflection, and dynamic tire load. The half-car model is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink, and the results for both active and passive hydro-pneumatic suspensions are analyzed in terms of frequency, time, and power spectral density responses. The findings reveal that the active suspension system with H-infinity control demonstrates an 81% improvement in body acceleration and a 92% improvement in pitch acceleration (angular acceleration) compared to the passive hydro-pneumatic suspension which improve the stability of the vehicle during cornering. Similarly, the implementation of LQR-controlled suspension enhances body acceleration and step acceleration by approximately 40% and 57%, respectively, compared to the passive hydro-pneumatic suspension. Moreover, when compared to the passive hydro-pneumatic suspension, the PID-controlled active hydro-pneumatic suspension exhibits a 64% improvement in step acceleration and a 44% improvement in body acceleration.
Design and Crash Test on a Two-Passenger City Car Frame using Finite Element Method
Authors: Putra Randi Purnama , Yuvenda Dori , Afnison Wanda , Lapisa Remon , Milana Milana , Fauza Anna Niska , Harmanto Dani
Published: December 2024

The chassis is an important part of a car which must have a strong construction to withstand the weight of the vehicle. The purpose of this research is to create a city car's chassis that can hold two passengers and then crash-test the finished product. In this research, a development method was used using SolidWorks software and the student version of ANSYS R2 2023 as software for creating chassis designs and crash test simulations. The study's findings indicate that the car frame's measurements are 2.46 meters in length, 1.33 meters in height, and 1.39 meters in width. The steel of the ASTM A36 type was utilized as the material in the computational study of the frame. The results show that increasing speed causes an increase in deformation, with the peak deformation at a speed of 100 km/h. The maximum deformation occurs at 0.007 seconds with a value of 203.51 mm at the top pillar of the car. The deformation increases from 97.196 mm at 0.0035 s to 161.22 mm at 0.0056 s. However, deformation occurs mainly in the front zone of the car frame and is not significant in the passenger zone.
The employerʼs brand for generation Z
Authors: FEDULOVA Iryna , DZHULAI Maryna
Published: December 2024

Building an employerʼs brand is a strategic objective for modern companies, as it allows them to attract talented employees who are motivated to achieve the companyʼs goals. This helps to improve corporate culture and enhance the companyʼs business reputation. In a world where competition for qualified personnel is growing and job requirements are evolving, a strong employerʼs brand is becoming a key competitive advantage. The research is based on the use of methods such as theoretical generalization, comparison and ranking, and statistical analysis. The content of the employerʼs brand value proposition for Generation Z is determined. The components of the employerʼs brand value proposition among the representtatives of generation Z are ranked. The components of the value proposition of the employerʼs brand of the researched enterprises in the retail sector are ranked in terms of their degree of development. The degree of compliance of the components of the employerʼs brand value proposition with the expectations of the representatives of generation Z at the researched enterprises is determined. Proposals aimed at shaping the development of the employerʼs brand for the researched enterprises are developed. The hypotheses about the expediency of ranking the components of the employerʼs  brand value proposition to determine their importance for representatives of generation Z are formulated and empirically tested; ranking the components of the employerʼs brand value proposition in terms of the level of their development in the researched enterprises; Spearmanʼs rank correlation coefficient allows to determine the level of compliance of the employerʼs brand of the researched enterprises with the requirements of the representatives of generation Z and to propose proposals for its further development
Investing in niche marketplaces: value for leading companies
Authors: MASHCHENKO Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

The role of strategic investors in the evolution of niche marketplaces, particularly in Ukraine, has been analyzed in the research. Automation and digitalization have become the key factors for efficiency in modern business. An important element of this process is a marketplace. They force traditional markets to adapt to new conditions. It is hypothesized that strategic investments in niche marketplaces contribute to long-term market development, leading to sustainable economic growth. The research was carried out through the analysis of literary sources, comparative analysis and the case study method. The fact that venture capital funds usually invest in marketplaces targeting high future returns was shown as a result of our investigation. However, strategic investors have a different approach. They direct their investments not only towards making a profit but also towards market development, creating long-term value, implementing innovations, advancing industry growth, building communication channels with customers, and obtaining valuable data for a better understanding of customer needs and market trends, as well as attracting organic traffic to meet specific market demands. Niche platforms among all variations of marketplaces deserve special attention, as they often represent unique opportunities. Such companies as EpicentrK.ua and Cropwise Operations are among examples of strategic investments in these marketplaces. They demonstrate how technological solutions can boost efficiency and productivity, ultimately leading to sustainable economic growth and development. These examples demonstrate that strategic investors prioritize developing market structures and creating high value for consumers
Віддаленість причинного зв’язку у деліктному праві
Authors: КАРНАУХ Богдан
Published: December 2024

Здійснено пошук робочого критерію, який би дав змогу оцінити віддаленість причинного звʼязку. Дослідження юридично значущої (наближеної) причини  має принципово іншу природу, ніж дослі­дження фактичної причини. Фактична причин­ність визначає, чи належить діяння до "ланцюга" причинно-наслідкових звʼязків, що призвели до шкоди; юридична причинність становить собою причинну селекцію, яка полягає у визначенні відпо­відальної причини на основі міркувань правової політики. Зроблено висновок, що головним кри­терієм для оцінки віддаленості причинного звʼязку має бути критерій деліктизуючого ризику. Суть цього критерію полягає в тому, що відпові­дальність особи за наслідки своєї протиправної поведінки має бути обмежена лише тією шкодою, ризик завдання якої зробив цю поведінку проти­правною, оскільки справедливо, щоб підстава відповідальності (вина) слугувала одночасно і її кордоном. Дослідження деліктизуючих ризиків має включатися до комплексного аналізу делікт­ного інциденту, а разом з ним також і установ­лення того, чи належить шкода, фактично завдана потерпілому, до категорії шкоди, ризик завдання якої зробив поведінку деліквента протиправною. На додаток до цього для оцінки віддаленості причинного звʼязку мають враховуватися також і інші міркування, які в широкому смислі можна назвати міркуваннями правової політики. Ці міркування будуються на уявленні про те, яких глобальних соціально-економічних результатів має досягати право, і вирішення конкретної деліктної справи сприятиме або перешкоджатиме досягненню таких результатів. Доктрина віддаленості причин­ного звʼязку (меж відповідальності) – це останній рубіж комплексного дослідження на предмет відшкодовності понесених особою втрат. І тому вкрай важливо, аби, застосовуючи її, суди наво­дили дійсні мотиви своїх міркувань, в тому числі економічні міркування і повʼязані з ними мірку­вання правової політики.
A Határrendőrség humán viszonyai 1945–1946
Authors: Nagy György
Published: December 2024

A tanulmány tényekkel alaposan alátámasztott adalékul szolgál az 1945-1949 között zajló "ki-kit győz le" időszak eseményeihez. Nevezetesen a II. világháború nyomán a Szovjetunió befolyási övezetének részévé váló Magyarországon az államhatalom megragadására törekedtek a magyar kommunisták a Szovjetunió segítségével. Ez az alaphelyzet határozta meg a Határrendőrség humánpolitikájának a lényegét is. A szakértelem korábbi primátusát felváltotta a politikai megbízhatóság elsődlegessége. A magyar állam vezetése ebben az időszakban lényegében eltékozolta mindazon tudást, amely a közigazgatási szakemberekben tevékenységük során felhalmozódott. A humán politika már nem arra irányult elsősorban, hogy lehetőleg a legképzettebb emberek kerüljenek az állami szférába. A cél az volt, hogy a szakterületeket képviselő szervezetekben a kommunista szimpatizánsok kerüljenek túlsúlyba, ily módon biztosítva a kommunista párt befolyását. Ez a humánpolitika a szakértelem elértéktelenedéséhez vezetett. Nem volt tekintettel a szakterületen dolgozók és az adófizetők érdekeire sem, hiszen ellenkező esetben a legképzettebb emberek állították volna a köz szolgálatába. A humánpolitika lényegét nem az emberközpontúság képezte, hanem a szervezetorientáltság még pedig azzal a tartalommal, hogy milyen viszonyban áll a kommunista párttal. A minőség elve helyett a mennyiség ellve érvényesül. Nevezetesen azt vették figyelembe, hogy milyen mérvű — a szervezet működésére kiható — tömeget sikerült a kommunista párt céljainak a megvalósítására kialakítani a Határrendőrségnél.
Comic Timing in Contemporary Slapstick Films
Authors: Schempp Alaina P.
Published: December 2024

A theory of comic timing in contemporary slapstick films based on the incongruity theory of humor is put forward. Comic timing is defined as perceived durational incongruity represented by two distinct types of rhythms: (1) in the standard perceived durational incongruity, the setup of the gag is durationally longer than the payoff; (2) in the non-standard perceived durational incongruity, extended duration functions as a self- referential tool for humor because it subverts the spectator's expectations for how long payoffs should be. The extended duration gag represents a metajoke about the nature of comic timing. Two additional factors of perceived durational incongruity are considered including when the setup and payoff are separated by a dramatic beat, which provides time for the spectator to understand the setup and make predictions about the outcome and when the setup is interrupted by the payoff, amounting to a non-threatening surprise that evokes humor.
Book Reviews
Authors: Hanson Helen , Plantinga Carl , Thanouli Eleftheria , Hjort Mette
Published: December 2024

David Bordwell, Perplexing Plots: Popular Storytelling and the Poetics of Murder. New York: Columbia University Press, 2023, 512 pp., $32 (paperback), ISBN: 9780231206594.

Lucy Fischer. Emotion Pictures: Movies and Feelings. London and New York: Routledge, 2023, 198 pp., $128.00 (hardback), ISBN: 9781032037806.

Steffen Hven. Enacting the Worlds of Cinema. New York: Oxford University Press, 2022, 216 pp., $80.00 (hardback), ISBN: 9780197555101.

Timothy Corrigan, ed. Cinema, Media, & Human Flourishing. New York: Oxford University Press, 2023, 200 pp., $32.99 (paperback), ISBN 9780197624197.
TÜRK MAKAM MÜZİĞİNİN ÇOKSESLENDİRİLMESİNDE MODERN YAKLAŞIMLAR: GELENEK VE YENİLİK
Authors: Özkeleş Sercan
Published: December 2024

Türk müziği; sanat müziğinden halk müziğine, tekseslisinden çokseslisine dek oldukça geniş bir coğrafyada, dönemin estetik değerlerini, kültürel kodlarını ve sanatsal arayışlarını doğaçlama ve icra gelenekleriyle nesilden nesile aktarmış ve zaman içerisinde toplumsal belleğin adeta bir taşıyıcısı olmuştur. Çalışmanın amacı, Türk makam müziğindeki eserlerin geleneksel yapısını koruyarak modern yaklaşımlarla çokseslendirilmesine katkı sağlamaktır. Bu doğrultuda, çalışma; makamların perde, seyir ve çeşni özelliklerini temel alarak genişletilmiş akorlar, fonksiyonel değişimler, alternatif akorlar, ikincil dominantlar, kesirli (slash) akorlar, akor ilerlemeleri ve mediyantik armoninin hem teorik analizlerle hem de uygulamalarla modern yaklaşımların çoksesledirmelerde nasıl kullanılabileceğini ortaya koymayı hedeflemektedir. Genel tarama modelinde ve betimsel nitelikte olan çalışmanın evrenini Türk makam müziğinde Nihavend makamında bestelenmiş Sazsemaileri, örneklemini ise Refik Fersan’ın Nihavend Sazsemaisi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında, Refik Fersan’a ait Nihavend Sazsemaisi’nin çokseslendirilmesi ve modern yaklaşımlarda kullanılan tekniklere yönelik bilgilerin elde edilmesinde doküman inceleme tekniği, verilerin çözümlenmesinde ise doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Eserin armonik yapısı; Nihavend makamın genel özellikleri ve ezginin makamsal yapısı doğrultusunda basitten karmaşığa ilkesi temel alınarak oluşturulmuştur. Eserin çokseslendirilme sürecinde, perde, seyir ve çeşni gibi makamsal unsurlar dikkate alınarak makamın işlevselliği korunmuş; akor dizileri, alternatif akorlar, ikincil dominantlar, genişletilmiş akorlar, triton ikameleri, kesirli (slash) akorlar, akor ilerlemeleri ve mediyantik armoni kullanılarak makamsal yapı desteklenmiştir. Çalışmada modern yaklaşımla kullanılan tekniklerin Nihavend makamındaki eserlere sistemli ve tutarlı bir şekilde uygulanabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Sprawa św. Stanisława w aspekcie historyczno-prawnym
Authors: Lis Artur
Published: December 2024

Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza historyczno-prawna sporu z 1079 roku biskupa Stanisława z Bolesławem II Śmiałym. Wychodząc od danych źródłowych – kronik Galla Anonima oraz mistrza Wincentego zwanego Kadłubkiem autor referuje dyskusję kolejnych pokoleń badaczy. Aspekt prawny sporu biskup-monarcha został omówiony ze szczegółowym uwzględnieniem prac Karola Górskiego i Witolda Sawickiego. Przyczyną wygnania króla Bolesława Śmiałego było zabójstwo biskupa krakowskie go Stanisława, popełnione jako zemsta za czyn określony wyrazem „traditio” – oznaczającym przeciwstawienie się poddanego względem panującego. To właśnie rozpoznał mistrz Wincenty tę prawdę, iż chrześcijański władca w chrześcijańskim narodzie to nie tyran narzucony, który absolutnie – niezależnie od okoliczności sprawuje swoją władzę. Szkic nie rości sobie praw do ostatecznego rozwiązania polemicznych kwestii np. przewinienia, jakiego dopuścił się biskup czy sądu jaki się miał nad nim odbyć. Zawarte w artykule bogate przypisy dokumentują i uzupełniają treść główną oraz rozszerzają spektrum problemowe i ułatwiają percepcję tekstu zasadniczego.
Świadectwa kultury prawnej w Polsce do 1320 roku
Authors: Lis Artur
Published: December 2024

Streszczenie dostępnie wyłącznie w języku angielskim:
The source of the knowledge of the former Piast Polish law are Liber fundationis claustri Sanctae Marie in Heinrichow i.e. The Book of Henryków and The Book of Elbląg – The Oldest Collection of Polish Laws. The first is not a list of rights, but gives a description of its operation, in addition to accurately present the development of the property of the monastery, gives information about the then almost to the ground each groups of her keepers. The Book of Elbląg is a list of private accomplished by an unknown writer. The Chronica Polonorum by Gallus Anonymus and The Chronica Polonorum by Vincentius Kadłubek are narrative sources. Chronicles are not only fundamental historical sources but also witness the Piast Polish legal culture.
Recepcja prawa w monarchii piastowskiej do 1202 roku. Zagadnienia wybrane
Authors: Lis Artur
Published: December 2024

Po uformowaniu się państwa pierwszych Piastów i przyjęciu chrześcijaństwa przez Mieszka I nastąpiło stopniowe przejmowanie różnych elementów kultury. Sytuacja ta sprzyjała wpływowi niektórych praw obcych na ustrój prawny Polski. W dotychczasowej praktyce państw słowiańskich system prawny opierał się na plemiennym prawie zwyczajowym, w zasadzie niepisanym. Dokument należy do najważniejszych i najliczniejszych źródeł poznania prawa w omawianym okresie. Od XII i XIII wieku rozszerzała się znajomość prawa rzymskiego i kanonicznego w Polsce. W pracy szczegółowo omówiono zapożyczenia z prawa rzymskiego (Kodyfikacje Justyniańskie) i prawa kanonicznego (Dekret Gracjana) w „Kronice polskiej” Mistrza Wincentego zwanego Kadłubkiem (ok. 1150-1223). Problematyka ta, w niniejszym tekście szkicowo zarysowana, domaga się rozwinięcia, pogłębienia i uzupełnienia w erudycyjnych studiach, prowadzonych wedle nowego, poszerzonego kwestionariusza badawczego.
The Right to Good Administration – Outline
Authors: Lis Artur
Published: December 2024

European standard is the principle of good administration derived from the idea of the rule of law, the constitutional traditions common to the Member States of the European Union. It includes, inter alia, the obligation to examine carefully and impartially of relevant circumstances of the case, the obligation to hear the case within a reasonable time, the obligation to give reasons for decisions, the right to be heard and access to the file.
Prawo kanonizacyjne w rozwoju historycznym
Authors: Lis Artur
Published: December 2024

Streszczenie dostępne wyłącznie w języku angielskim:
From the very beginning of the Church’s history the saints were worshiped in the public cult. It deadline the canonization the moral perfection - was defined was as official acknowledgement through Apostolic Capital of holiness of life concrete human person with right of achievement by her in heroic degree or the devotion his lives for Christ, depending on acknowledgement her by pope for stately person of public cult in general Church the and inscription to catalogue of saints. The canonization concerns the life of moral Church, saint he be worshiped not only, as this, who with whole certainty be saved but also, as stately the imitation the example of Christian life (the ecclesial value of canonization process). Former matters were an important issue in the canonization proceeding. These matters are especially significant when the evidences concerning the virtues, especially those of God’s servant martyrdom, are strictly based on the written sources and when there is a lack of the eye-witnesses who can confirm heroism of virtues or God’s servant martyrdom. In this article, the analysis of historical and legal matters will be subject to the procedure of old (historical).
Matter and Form of Social Life. The Importance of the Idea of Social Monism in the Philosophy of Law by Rudolf Stammler
Authors: Pikuła Łukasz
Published: December 2024

Article above is modified fragment of one of the subsections of the doctoral dissertation entitled “The idea of the legitimate rights and its importance in mind Rudolf Stammler”, defended at the Catholic University of Lublin John Paul II on 13.04. 2010. The aim of the publication is to present famous in the late nineteenth century, the idea of social monism in the context of scientific creativity outstanding representative of the so-called. Marburger Schule, Professor Rudolf Stammler.
Najstarsze kroniki polskie jako źródła historycznoprawne
Authors: Lis Artur
Published: December 2024

Przyjęcie chrztu przez Mieszka I w 966 roku było punktem zwrotnym w dziejach Polski. Państwo pierwszych Piastów zakorzenione zostało w kulturze międzynarodowej społeczności państw europejskich. Sytuacja ta sprzyjała wpływowi niektórych praw obcych na ustrój prawny Polski. W dotychczasowej praktyce państw słowiańskich system prawny opierał się na plemiennym prawie zwyczajowym. Ze względu na brak źródeł jurydycznych pomocniczą rolę w poznaniu kultury prawnej Polski piastowskiej mogą odegrać kroniki. Elementy prawa odnajdujemy w „Kronice polskiej” Galla Anonima oraz w szczególności w kronice Mistrza Wincentego Kadłubka.
Odbudowa gospodarki i stabilizacja walutowa Włoch w latach 1945-60 (część I)
Authors: Klimiuk Zbigniew
Published: December 2024

W okresie po II wojnie światowej z krajów zachodnioeuropejskich Włochy wykazywały największe tempo rozwoju. W 1950 r. rozpoczęła się faza długookresowego rozwoju gospodarczego. Rozwój ten nawiązywał do pierwszych lat odbudowy. Tempo wzrostu produktu narodowego brutto (PNB), które w dziesięcioleciu do 1959 r. wynosiło rocznie średnio 6%, w latach szczytowej koniunktury 1960-61wzrosło do 7,8%. Dynamika rozwoju gospodarczego Włoch była porównywalna w tym czasie z RFN i Japonią. Włoskie firmy uzyskały znaczne sukcesy w międzynarodowej walce konkurencyjnej oraz wykorzystywały impulsy wynikające z polityki Wspólnego Rynku. Wraz z zewnętrzną ekspansją dokonały się poważne zmiany strukturalne, które uplasowały Włochy w grupie krajów wysoko uprzemysłowionych. W 1962 r. tempo wzrostu produktu narodowego brutto (PNB) spadło do 6%, a w 1963 r. do 4,8%. Koniunktura ustąpiła miejsca objawom kryzysowym, które przejawiały się w „galopującej” inflacji. W obawie przed deprecjacją lira nastąpiła masowa ucieczka kapitału za granicę. Polityka walutowa prowadzona w tym okresie przez władze włoskie okazała się skuteczna. Lir włoski stał się mianowicie nie tylko walutą stabilną, ale także jedną z „twardych” walut europejskich. Potwierdzały to wypowiedzi na łamach bieżącej prasy międzynarodowej, ale również sytuacja w dziedzinie bilansu płatniczego Włoch, który od 1957 r. wykazywał wysokie dodatnie saldo. Jeśli wziąć pod uwagę handel zagraniczny Włoch w 1960 r. to należy stwierdzić, iż w tym roku został osiągnięty najwyższy wzrost obrotów zagranicznych w krajach Europy Zachodniej. Był to również najwyższy poziom obrotów osiągnięty przez Włochy w okresie powojennym (wyższy o 1/3 w stosunku do poziomu w 1959 r.). Globalny import Włoch, który w 1953 r. stanowił 3,2% importu światowego wzrósł do 3,8%, a udział eksportu zwiększył się w tym czasie z 2% do 3,2%.
Experimental study on the use of aluminum waste as a heat energy storage medium in laboratory-scale drying equipment
Authors: Apriandi Nanang , An-Nizhami Avicenna , Herlambang Yusuf Dewantoro , Raharjanti Rani , Rachman Iqo Yovie , Suseno Sigit , Khoirunnisa Hilma , Khusna Atina Nurul
Published: December 2024

One of the best ways to reduce food loss during harvest is drying. The main challenge in the drying process is reducing energy consumption as a heat source in drying equipment. Integrating thermal energy storage (TES) into drying equipment has proven to be an effective way to enhance energy efficiency in the drying process. This research aims to explore the potential of TES material in the form of aluminium chips sourced from machining waste and integrated into a drying device. The thermal characteristics of the drying system without and with the addition of TES are compared and evaluated under two testing conditions, namely charging and discharging. The results show that the integration of TES in the drying system can reduce the percentage of temperature drop in the drying chamber due to the charging-discharging process by 58.57%, with the average percentage of temperature drop in the drying chamber without and with the addition of TES being 25.56% and 10.59%, respectively. Overall, aluminium chips obtained from machining waste can be used as an alternative TES material that is environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and readily available.
A COMPARATIVE THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION OF MAGNESIUM INSERTION INTO THE C-X BOND IN VINYL HALIDES (X = F, Cl, AND Br)
Authors: J. Tyagi  , Mishra S. K. , R. Parashar
Published: December 2024

In the present study, the insertion of the magnesium atom into the carbon halogen bond of vinyl halides (X = F, Cl, and Br) is studied via B3LYP density functional calculations with a 6-311G(d,p) basis set. A 3-centered transition state with a single imaginary frequency is obtained for all three reactions. The potential energy profile is determined in both directions for all the systems along the intrinsic reaction coordinate. All the transition states obtained lie on the potential energy surface. The three Grignard reactions are exothermic in nature, as indicated by the energetics of the reactions. Electron correlation inclusion has increased the exothermicity of the reactions. Atom in molecules (AIM) analysis predicted the ionic character of the Mg-C and X-Mg bond in the product, C2H3MgX, where X = F, Cl, and Br, as compared to all the other bonds. Results obtained in our study at the DFT level are in agreement with the previous MP2 and HF calculations.
THE ROLE OF INHIBITORS IN THE PROCESS OF FORMING A PROTECTIVE ANTI-CORROSION FILM ON THE STEEL SURFACE OF EQUIPMENT IN HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS
Authors: B. Kabylbekova  , N. Vysotskaya  , A. Anarbaev  , R. Spabekova  , K. Kurbanbekov  , G. Kaldybekova  , N. Anarbaev
Published: December 2024

Known methods of combating internal corrosion of metal pipes in heat supply systems, by conducting anticorrosive water treatment, cannot maximize the effect of their corrosion protection. There is no universal method of anticorrosive water treatment, each method has its advantages and disadvantages, taking into account the condition of the pipes, the speed of the water supply, and the composition of the water. However, optimal inhibition of corrosion occurring on the inner surface of pipelines of heat supply equipment can be achieved by creating a protective film on the metal inner surface of the pipe using inhibitors. Corrosion products may interfere with the good adhesion of the resulting film to the surface. For more complete and effective inhibition of the surface and dosing of the inhibitor, preliminary chemically active cleaning of the surface with a solution of sulfuric acid, at its concentration of 3%, provided for washing solutions in a circulating mode for 3-5 hours, can contribute. The metal surface of the pipe cleaned by activation contributes to a stronger adhesion of the inhibitor to the surface and the creation of a film with high protective properties. To establish the quality of the obtained anticorrosive films, a JSM6490LV scanning electron microscope with INSAenergy dispersion microanalysis and HKL – Basic structural analysis systems with a useful magnification of 300.000 in combination with a high-performance Varian ProStar liquid chromatograph, an atomic adsorption spectrometer contrAA-300 with a plasma analyzer from 180 to 900 nm was used.The work is devoted to the selection of phosphate and high-modulus silicate inhibitors in order to form a protective film on the metal surface of the pipe to prevent the formation of scale deposits and protect against corrosion when the coolant passes through the pipe to the consumer.
In search of a trade-off: phytoplankton – planktonic crustaceans – fish relationships (in memory of Z. M. Gliwicz, 21.02.1939–2.06.2024)
Authors: Feniova I. Yu. , Polishchuk L. V. , Alekseev V. R. , Dgebuadze Yu. Yu.
Published: December 2024

The results of the main studies of Z. M. Gliwicz are reviewed, highlighting his views on the evolution, biology and ecology of aquatic organisms. He was an outstanding hydrobiologist, and his scientific contributions to the development of hydrobiology were mainly related to aquatic ecology, including the prediction of the outcomes of competition between cladoceran species, vertical and horizontal migrations of zooplankton and fish, feeding behavior of fish, predator-prey relationships, interactions between adjacent trophic levels in ecosystems, and issues of evolutionary ecology. The results of Z. M. Gliwicz’s studies are analyzed in the context of the development of aquatic ecology in the late 20th to early 21st centuries.