bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inteligencias múltiples como enfoque para desarrollar proyectos: el ejemplo de Los retratos de Goya visitan Zaragoza/Multiple intelligences with an approach to develop projects: Goya´s portraits visit Zaragoza
Authors: Escamilla González Amparo
Published: February 2020

El artículo trata la necesidad y el sentido de articular enfoques inspirados en la teoría de las inteligencias múltiples (IM). Reconoce el valor de potenciar el aprender a aprender empleando los símbolos propios de las diferentes inteligencias y la metodología de pensamiento y cooperación, estimulando los distintos potenciales y materializando, también, el empleo competencial de lo aprendido. Expone los elementos claves de un enfoque IM en particular, mostrando qué tipo de componentes, estrategias y recursos didácticos puede emplear una propuesta de esta naturaleza y presenta la experiencia de un proyecto trazado y puesto en marcha, desde esta visión didáctica, en el colegio Liceo Europa de Zaragoza. El proyecto IM/CC (inteligencias múltiples y competencias clave) denominado Los retratos de Goya visitan Zaragoza ilustra una estructura propia del enfoque y muestra la variedad de herramientas, técnicas de pensamiento, cooperación y educación emocional y en valores que pueden buscar el encuentro entre diferentes líneas de innovación para vertebrar alternativas de diálogo entre propuestas que buscan transformación, calidad y equidad.
PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ APPROACHES TO CLASSROOM ASSESSMENT
Authors: Nayagi N Kothai , Rajendran M.
Published: February 2020

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to investigate the pre-service teachers’ understanding of assessment concepts and their approaches to classroom assessment. The relationship between their approaches and confidence in classroom assessment was also established. Methodology: A survey method was used to study the pre-service teachers’ approaches to classroom assessment. One thirty-one second-year pre-service teachers from the University of Delhi, India participated in this study. A modified instrument namely ‘Approaches to Classroom Assessment Inventory (ACAI)’ which consists of two parts was employed Simple t-test, correlation and factor analysis methods were used to analyze the data. Main Findings: Results showed that the pre-service teachers had a better understanding of three out of five issues which include assessment purpose, measurement theory, and confidence in monitoring the assessment. However, the study found that they have an inadequate understanding of assessment design and assessment practices. Furthermore, the correlation between their approach and their confidence was very low and non-significant. The results are discussed in the context of the assessment curriculum and its transaction at the secondary teacher education program. Implication /Applications of this study: Understanding of what pre-service teachers think about assessment issues within the current educational context helps in preparing them as better teachers. The study may provide some evidence for policymakers and curriculum framers [developers] that the importance of practical aspects of assessment in the secondary teacher education curriculum. Novelty/Originality of this study: No study has been done so far on the different aspects of assessment approaches and its issues at pre-service teacher’s level in India.
Application of widely used fungicides does not necessarily affect grain yield, and incidence of Fusarium spp. and mycotoxins DON, HT-2 and T-2 in spring barley in northern climates
Authors: Karron Elina , Runno-Paurson Eve , Lõiveke Heino , Islamov Bulat , Kütt Mary-Liis , Talve Tiina , Lauringson Enn , Horak Hanna , Edesi Liina , Niinemets Ülo
Published: February 2020

Fungicides are widely used to reduce Fusarium infections and grain contamination by mycotoxins and increase the yield in cereals, but the efficacy of fungicide treatments in varying climates has not been systematically explored. Field experiments with Estonian spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. ‘Maali’ were carried out in three successive years 2012–2014 with strongly varying weather conditions to study the effects of three fungicides, Folicur (active ingredient tebuconazole), Falcon Forte (prothioconazole, tebuconazole, spiroxamine) and Archer Top (fenpropidin, propiconazole), on the yield, incidence of Fusarium spp. and on the contamination of grain with mycotoxins DON, HT-2 and T-2. The fungicides were sprayed once a year at spring barley flowering time. The weather conditions during the three years of study were extremely different. The content of cycotoxin DON, HT2 and T2 was low. The spraying with fungicides had not a clear effect on the barley yield and 1 000 kernel weight, and the study year was primarily the main factor that affected barley yield (p<0.05) and 1 000 kernel weight (p<0.05). The impact of year together with fungicide treatment had a significant effect on the incidence of Fusarium spp. (p<0.05) and on the incidence of mycotoxin DON in barley kernels (p<0.001), but did not have a clear effect on the incidence of mycotoxins HT2 and T2.
A Water-Hydraulic Upper-Limb Assistive Exoskeleton System with Displacement Estimation
Authors: Kosaki Takahiro ,   Department of Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Hiroshima City University 3-4-1 Ozuka-higashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima 731-3194, Japan, Li Shigang
Published: February 2020

This paper describes the development of an angle-sensorless exoskeleton with a tap water-driven artificial muscle actuator. The artificial muscle actuator consisted of an elastic rubber tube reinforced by braided fiber. Such actuators are highly flexible, lightweight, and water-resistant, and thus are inherently safe even for operations in direct contact with humans. An estimation system for the displacement of the artificial muscle actuator based on the water flow rates detected by flowmeters was constructed for the water-hydraulic exoskeleton. In addition, estimators of the velocity and acceleration of the actuator based on the estimated displacement and the measured flow rates were derived and incorporated into the estimation system. With this system, our previous wearable upper-limb assistive exoskeleton prototype was converted into an angle-sensorless version with higher safety in wet conditions. Its assistive performance was evaluated through experiments with research participants. Experimental results demonstrated that muscle activity could be reduced, although an assistive control strategy was executed with the variables estimated, excluding force.
Fundamental Phase Behavior of Hydrocarbons
Authors: Sherborne John  E.
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 136, 1940, pages 119–135.

Much valuable scientific research has been performed in recent years on the subject of phase behavior of hydrocarbons. Engineers employed in petroleumproduction are interesting themselves in this work as well as in methods ofapplying the fundamental data available to the solution of their variousproblems.

Recently a number of papers have been published in which applications of phasebehavior have been made to specific cases pertaining to critical phenomena.Little effort, however, has been made in the literature to show the relationbetween changes occurring in the critical region and the more common phasebehavior, therefore it is believed that a presentation of the fundamentals of phase behavior with reference to hydrocarbons is timely.

Study of phase behavior is not new. In the metallurgical field, knowledge ofheterogeneous equilibria has advanced tremendously, particularly with referenceto solid-solid and solid-liquid behavior. Much is known about vapor-liquidequilibria too, but few engineers are familiar with this subject.

Definition of Terms

In a discussion of this sort, a definition of terms used is most important. Such terms as "pressure," "temperature" and "volume" need little definition other than mention of the units in which they areconsidered. Pressure is expressed in pounds per square inch absolute. Temperature is usually expressed as degrees Fahrenheit or degrees Rankine. Inconsidering thermodynamic and phase behavior, the use of the absolute, Rankine, scale is desirable. Volume is expressed as specific volume, such as cubic feetper pound. This will be recognized as the reciprocal of the specificweight.

T.P. 1152
Patient motives for contacting out-of-hours care in Denmark: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Huibers Linda , Carlsen Anders H , Moth Grete , Christensen Helle C , Riddervold Ingunn S , Christensen Morten B
Published: February 2020

Background
Patients in need of acute health care do not always contact the most suitable health care service provider. Contacting out-of-hours primary care for an urgent problem may delay care, whereas contacting emergency medical services for a non-urgent problem could ultimately affect patient safety. More insight into patient motives for contacting a specific health care provider may help optimise patient flows. This study aims to explore patient motives for contacting out-of-hours primary care and the emergency medical services in Denmark.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional observational study by sending a questionnaire to patients contacting out-of-hours primary care and emergency medical services, both of which can be directly contacted by patients, in two of five Danish regions in 2015. As we aimed to focus on the first access point, the emergency department was not included. The questionnaire included items on patient characteristics, health problem and 26 pre-defined motives. Descriptive analyses of patient characteristics and motives were conducted, stratified by the two health care service providers. Factors associated with contacting each of the two service providers were explored in a modified Poisson regression analysis, and adjusted risk ratios were calculated.
Results
Three key motives for contacting the two service providers were identified: ‘unpleasant symptoms’, ‘perceived need for prompt action’ and ‘perceived most suitable health care provider’. Other important motives were ‘need arose outside office hours’ and ‘wanted to talk to a physician’ (out-of-hours primary care) and ‘expected need for ambulance’ and ‘worried’ (emergency medical services). Higher probability of contacting the emergency medical services versus out-of-hours primary care was seen for most motives relating to own assessment and expectations, previous experience and knowledge, and own needs and wishes. Lower probability was seen for most motives relating to perceived barriers and benefits.
Conclusions
Patient motives for contacting the two health care service providers were partly overlapping. The study contributes with new knowledge on the complex decision-making process of patients in need of acute health care. This knowledge could help optimise existing health care services, such as patient safety and the service level, without increasing health care costs.
Shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming versus photon-induced photoacoustic streaming modes for clearing root canal bacteria using erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet lasers: An in vitro study
Authors: Wang Xiao-Na , Shi Jing
Published: February 2020

Background: The root canal cleaning efficacy of the photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) mode in erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) lasers is controversial. Shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS), a novel mode in Er:YAG lasers, creates a strong shock wave in a narrow container. We accordingly hypothesized that it may effectively eliminate bacteria from narrow root canals. The present study aimed to compare the bacterial clearance efficacy between the SWEEPS and PIPS modes for Er:YAG lasers designed for root canal treatment.Methods:The distal and palatal roots of 130 freshly extracted human molars were used. The smear layer was first removed by conventional root canal preparation. All samples were then sterilized in an autoclave. The samples were subsequently exposed toEnterococcus faecalisand incubated for 4 weeks to establishE. faecalisinfection models. The models were divided into three groups according to the irrigation method (n = 40 per group): 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) activated using the SWEEPS Er:YAG laser mode, 3% NaOCl activated using the PIPS Er:YAG laser mode, and 3% NaOCl without activation.Results:The bacterial clearance efficacy, based on the colony-forming unit count, was significantly higher in the SWEEPS group than in the PIPS and NaOCl groups. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy after irrigation revealed that the SWEEPS group had the least number of bacteria.Conclusions:The SWEEPS mode is more effective than the PIPS mode for eradicatingE. faecalisfrom root canals.
Modelling the impact of MAUP on environmental drivers for Schistosoma japonicum prevalence
Authors: Navas Andrea Araujo , Osei Frank , Magalhães Ricardo J. Soares , Leonardo Lydia R. , Stein Alfred
Published: February 2020

Background: The modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP) arises when the support size of a spatial variable affects the relationship between prevalence and environmental risk factors. Its effect on schistosomiasis modelling studies could lead to unreliable parameter estimates. The present research aims to quantify MAUP effects on environmental drivers of Schistosoma japonicum infection by (i) bringing all covariates to the same spatial support, (ii) estimating individual-level regression parameters at 30 m, 90 m, 250 m, 500 m, and 1 km spatial supports, and (iii) quantifying the differences between parameter estimates using five models. Methods: We modelled the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum using sub-provinces health outcome data and pixel-level environmental data. We estimated and compared regression coefficients from convolution models using Bayesian statistics. Results: Increasing the spatial support to 500 m gradually increased the parameter estimates and their associated uncertainties. Abrupt changes in the parameter estimates occur at 1 km spatial support, resulting in loss of significance of almost all the covariates. No significant differences were found between the predicted values and their uncertainties from the five models. We provide suggestions to define an appropriate spatial data structure for modelling that gives more reliable parameter estimates and a clear relationship between risk factors and the disease. Conclusions: Inclusion of quantified MAUP effects was important in this study on schistosomiasis. This will support helminth control programs by providing reliable parameter estimates at the same spatial support, and suggesting the use of an adequate spatial data structure, to generate reliable maps that could guide efficient mass drug administration campaigns.
The impact of peri-natal stress on psychosis risk: results from the Bo-FEP incidence study
Authors: De Matteis Tiziano , D'Andrea Giuseppe , Lal Jatin , Berardi Domenico , Tarricone Ilaria
Published: February 2020

Objective: According to the gene-environment interaction model the pathogenesis of psychosis relies on an adverse neuro-socio-developmental pathway. Perinatal stress represents an important risk factor for the development of psychosis because of the increasingly evident interference with socio-neuro-development in the earlier phases of life. We aim to investigate the correlation of perinatal risk factors with the onset of psychosis with a case-control – incidence study.
Results: Patients (and their mothers) were eligible if they presented with first-episode psychosis at the Bologna West Community Mental Health Centre (Bo-West CMHC) between 2002 and 2012. The Bo-West CMHC serves a catchment area of about 200,000 people. The controls were recruited in the same catchment area and study period. 42 patients, 26 controls and their mothers were included. We collected the history of peri-natal stress and calculated crude and adjusted Odds Ratios for onset of first-episode psychosis. Adjusted logistic regression showed that psychosis onset was significantly associated with stressful situations during pregnancy, lower level of maternal physical health before or during pregnancy, use of anti-inflammatory drugs during pregnancy, and low level of maternal education. The results of our study suggest that stress during perinatal period increases the risk of developing psychosis.
Three novel mutations of microphthalmos identified in two Chinese families
Authors: Tang Yating , Xu Jie , Zheng Tianyu , Lu Yi
Published: February 2020

Background: To identify the underlying genetic defect responsible for microphthalmos eyes in two three-generation Chinese families.Methods: In our study, we screened 425 potential eye disease-related genes of the proband of a three-generation Chinese family diagnosed with microphthalmos using next-generation sequencing-based target capture sequencing. Variants were filtered and analyzed to identify possible disease-causing variants before Sanger sequencing validation.Results: We enrolled two families with microphthalmos (Family 1: microphthalmos with congenital ocular coloboma and Family 2: simple microphthalmos). Two novel heterozygous mutations, PXDN c.3165C>T (p.Pro1055Pro) and PXDN c.2640C>G (p.Arg880Arg), were found in Family 1, and CRYBB2 c.481G>A (p.Gly161Arg) was found in Family 2, but none of the mutations were found in the unaffected individuals, who were phenotypically normal. Multiple orthologous sequence alignment (MSA) revealed that the CRYBB2 p.Gly161Arg mutation was a deleterious effect mutation.Conclusions: The three novel mutations found in our study extend our current understanding of the genetic basis of microphthalmos and provide early presymptomatic diagnosis and emphasize the significance of genetic diagnosis of microphthalmos.
Magnitude, diversity, and antibiogram of bacteria isolated from the selected wards of Arba Minch hospital, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Authors: Manilal Aseer
Published: February 2020

Background: Patient-care equipments and inanimate objects contaminated with bacteria are perilous to patients as well as to others who happen to get exposed, and is a persistent problem in developing countries like Ethiopia, it remains overlooked. Therefore, the present study aims to elucidate the magnitude of contamination, diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria associated with patient-care equipments and inanimate objects of selected wards of Arba Minch Hospital (AMH), Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study on the diversity and drug susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from inanimate objects and patient-care equipments of three wards of Arba Minch hospital were done. Samples were inoculated into bacteriological media and were identified by biochemical characterization followed by antimicrobial susceptibility tests.Results: Totally, 109 bacterial isolates were identified. The bacterial isolates were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS), Acinetobacter sp., Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp., Enterobacter sp., Salmonella sp., E. coli, and Serratia sp. The surgical ward displayed the utmost contamination rate. Antibiogram of Gram-positive cocci revealed that S. aureus and CNS manifest higher resistance to both penicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Regarding the Gram-negative bacilli, isolates of Acinetobacter showed 100% resistance to ceftriaxone and ampicillin. The overall prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria in this study was 57.7 %.Conclusionː Results revealed that the surgical ward, followed by paediatric and neonatal intensive care unit of AMH was heavily contaminated. Therefore, a stringent infection vigilance program comprising of routine sampling from the equipments and wards along with antimicrobial resistance surveillance and decontamination efforts must be instituted.
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus Aureus isolated from clinical specimens at the Mater Hospital Nairobi, Kenya.
Authors: Okello Christina , Achieng Loice , Mwachari Christina , Otieno Davies , Otieno Frederick , Omonge Enoch
Published: February 2020

Background
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of hospital and community acquired infections globally. Surveillance of prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns is important to ensure appropriate antibiotic prescription.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens in a tertiary hospital with diverse and empirical prescribing habits.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted at the Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Nairobi. The study involved records of specimens analyzed between January 2014 and December 2018. S aureus was identified using catalase and coagulase tests. Strains phenotypically resistant to <3 non β-lactam antimicrobial categories were defined as non-multidrug-resistant MRSA (nmMRSA) and strains that were resistant to ≥3 non-β-lactam antimicrobial groups were defined as multidrug-resistant MRSA (mMRSA). A specimen was categorized as Penicillin susceptible (PSSA) if susceptible to penicillin and oxacillin, MSSA if resistant to penicillin and susceptible to oxacillin, and MRSA if resistant to oxacillin and penicillin. Isolates were screened for MRSA using 6μg/ml of oxacillin disc in Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 4%NaCl.Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS) version 20 software. Pearson’s chi square and Logistic regression were used to assess association between dependent and independent variables.
Results
A total of 890 specimens of S. aureus were analyzed in the 5-year period. ​​PSSA was the most prevalent organism seen (45%) while MRSA was the least prevalent (0.45% ). There was a fluctuation in the annual prevalence of MRSA between 0-1% over the five years. Most S. aureus was isolated in pus-644(73. 3%). A significant increase in susceptibility of S. aureus to Penicillin and Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was observed during the study period however, sensitivity to Amoxicillin declined. No mMrsa was detected. Resistance of MRSA to Ampicillin, Penicillin, Tazopiperacillin, Cephalosporins, Erythromycin, Clindamycin, Ciprofloxacin and Meropenem was 100% with both Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and Levofloxacin recording 50% and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 75% resistance.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated a steady decline in average annual resistance of S. aureus to commonly used antibiotics. Furthermore, there was a low prevalence of MRSA. No multi-drug Methicillin resistant S. aureus have been isolated in the last five years in this hospital.
Screening of key protein and micronutrient metabolism markers in ICU patients with acute abdominal pathology. Article
Authors: Nikolenko A. V. , Leiderman Ilya N. , Nikolenko V. V.
Published: February 2020

Objectives. The purpose of this study is a comparative assessment of the dynamics of key markers of protein and micronutrient metabolism disorders in ICU patients with acute abdominal disease in survivors and non-survivors. Materials and methods. A continuous screening was carried out for 532 patients hospitalized in surgical ICU. After analyzing 532 registration cards, two comparable groups were formed. Group 1 — survived patients. Group 2 — patients with negative clinical outcome. Results. Serum albumin and transferrin in both groups were reduced already upon admission. By 7–10 days in non-survivors more significant decrease in total protein, albumin and transferrin was recorded. In survivors, a drop in these markers was also noted, however, their values were significantly higher. From admission both groups showed a decrease in the levels of iron, zinc and copper below normal, however, the survivors had significantly higher (p = 0.001) iron and copper serum concentrations. By 7–10 days in non-survivors, an even more significant decrease in these markers was noted compared with Day 1. Serum albumin levels were moderately correlated on Days 1 and 3 with the concentration of zinc (r = 0.448, p = 0.017 and r = 0.535, p = 0.003) and iron (r = 0.448, p = 0.008 and r = 0.535, p = 0.021), respectively. A strong link between transferrin and serum iron concentration was detected at Day 1 (r = 0.729, p = 0.000) and Day 10 (r = 0.821, p = 0.000), as well as with serum zinc levels (r = 0.713, p = 0.008 and r = 0.735, p = 0.012, respectively). Conclusion. The relationship between visceral protein pool disorders and iron and zinc metabolism is most clearly detected.
Динамика самопроизвольных потерь намагниченности магнитов (Pr,Dy)-(Fe,Co)-B
Authors: Резчикова И.И. , Моисеева Н.С. , Королев Д.В. , Моргунов Р.Б. , Пискорский В.П.
Published: February 2020

The comparison of spontaneous magnetization losses in sintered magnets (Pr0.51Dy0.49)13(Fe0.64Co0.36)80B7 and (Pr0.51Dy0.49)13(Fe0.64Co0.36)79Cu1B % at. has shown that copper doping leads to a reduction in these losses. This is due both to phase homogenization, which reduces the scattering fields at the phase boundaries, and to the growth of the average anisotropy field and the coercive force, which stabilizes the time characteristics of the magnet. It is found that at room temperature the demagnetization dynamics is described by an exponential function.
Overview of Tuberculosis Coinfection with HIV in Ecuador 2010-2015
Authors: Torres Ariel , Cedeño María , Pinargote Rosa , Fors Martha
Published: February 2020

To describe the behavior of Tuberculosis/Human Immunodeficiency Virus co-infection in a cohort of people affected by sensitive Tuberculosis in Ecuador from 01 January 2010 to 31 December 2015. Design: Secondary analysis and descriptive study of patients with TB/HIV in the study period. Results: The percentage of coinfected persons reached 11% in the whole period of study, with a range from 8.4% to 12.7%. Male sex shows the highest incidence rate, representing 76.7% at the rate of 1 man for every 3.3 women. The population with the highest incidence of patients is economically active; the age group of 25-34 years reaches 40.1%. The coastal zone of the country reports more than 75% of the coinfected patients. Increased HIV/AIDS screening should be increased for Tuberculosis, with particular emphasis on male sex and enhance the actions in the coastal provinces.
Software as a Medical Device: Need of the Hour (Preprint)
Authors: S Narmada ,   Balamuralidhara V,   M P Venkatesh
Published: February 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

The rapid increase in smartphone use in the 21st century led to the introduction of many stand-alone health and medical devices. “Software intended to be used for one or more medical purposes without being part of a hardware medical device is referred as software as a medical device”. The design and regulatory science of SaMD depends on the early stages of software development that helps to assign them to different category of medical devices. Globally, there are tremendous technological innovations available that offered the opportunity to pursue a more efficient diagnosis and therapeutic solution compared to conventional approaches. The major benefits include tracking and altering the occurrence of a disease and improved health outcomes through rapid feedback, resulting in faster innovation. Apart from the advantages there are some technological challenges faced by SaMD such as maintaining the confidentiality, availability and integrity of patient data. The main objective is to provide the regulatory outline on the SaMD’s for safe and effective use by patients. The regulatory framework of both USFDA and EMA for software has been well structured when compared to other regulatory agencies. But more focus needs to be paid to pre-market criteria and the road to regulatory approval. The present study highlights the regulatory requirements for registering the SaMD in USA and European countries.
New Approaches to Latin American Studies: Culture and Power.
Authors: Verde Neri Victor Patricio
Published: February 2020

Reseña del libro New Approaches to Latin American Studies: Culture and Power.
Prevalence of Some Gene Polymorphisms Related to Early Pregnancy Loss among Russian Women
Authors: Ahmed A. A. M. , Muradian A. A. , Azova M. M.
Published: February 2020

Background. A variety of biological processes regulated by differential gene expression are required to maintain a normal gestation and accordingly, the mutations and polymorphisms in such genes may cause miscellaneous biological disorders that eventually result in early pregnancy loss. Many studies reported that aberrant fetal DNA methylation as well as embryonic chromosome abnormalities may lead to impairment of fetal early growth and development. Therefore, we have aimed to genotype several gene polymorphisms might be involved in the above-mentioned biological disorders to screen their prevalence in Russian population. Materials and methods. 81 Russian women without previous history of normal pregnancy or early abortion were recruited into this population study to determine the genotype and allele frequencies through genotyping using RFLP-PCR method for DNMT3B rs2424913, DNMT3B rs1569686, DNMT3A rs7590760, DNMT1 rs2228611, DNMT1 rs8101626, DNMT3L rs2276248, and DNMT3L rs2070565, allele-specific PCR for SYCP3 T657C, and real-time PCR for MTHFR rs1801133, MTHFR rs1801131, MTR rs1805087, and MTRR rs1801394. Results. Minor homozygous genotypes and minor alleles of the polymorphisms DNMT3B rs2424913 (TT: 11.1%, T: 37.05%), DNMT1 rs2228611 (GG: 18.5%, G: 40.75%), and DNMT1 rs8101626 (GG: 16.0%, G: 40.1%) were quite prevalent in Russian women and as frequent as those of the well-studied polymorphisms: MTRR rs1801394 (GG: 27.2%, G: 50.65%), MTHFR rs1801131 (CC: 17.3%, C: 40.15%), and MTHFR rs1801133 (TT: 11.1%, T: 29.0%).The heterozygous genotype of SYCP3 T657C (CT: 12.3%, T: 6.15%) was also quite frequent. Conclusion. Based on our study and literature data, we suggest that DNMT3B rs2424913, DNMT1 rs2228611, DNMT1 rs8101626, and SYCP3 T657C polymorphisms along with the common folate cycle gene polymorphisms can be potential genetic predictors for early pregnancy loss in Russian women.
Subject-Activity Determinants of Types of Social Activity of Students
Authors: Arendachuk Irina V.
Published: February 2020

The relevance of the study of the social activity of young people presented in the article in the context of the subject-activity approach is determined by the need for psychological justiﬁcation of programs meant to implement it in the signiﬁcant areas of public life. The purpose of the study is to identify the subject and activity characteristics that determine the social activity of the students, depending on the type of its orientation. The study was conducted on a sample of young people aged 15-25 years ( n = 229). The two types of social activity were identiﬁed: the one aimed at the realization of personal aspirations and interests (“for own beneﬁt”) and the one aimed at the achievement of socially signiﬁcant goals (“for others’ beneﬁt”). The subject characteristics of these types of activity were studied using the personality self-determination test by B. Sheldon as modiﬁed by E.N. Osin, the questionnaire for the study of the subjectivity structure by E.N. Volkova and I.A. Seregina, the methodology “The Level of Development of Personality Subjectivity” by M.A. Schukina. The activity self-organization questionnaire by E.Yu. Mandrikova and the author’s questionnaire, the reliability of which is conﬁrmed by the results of positional analysis, were used to study the activity characteristics. It is shown that the social activity of young people is largely due to activity characteristics. The social activity aimed “for own beneﬁt” is more highly determined by the subjective characteristics of the person, compared to the activity aimed “for others’ beneﬁt”. The universal determinants of the social activity of students, which do not depend on the types of its orientation and have a common predictive potential, are revealed. These include the level characteristic of the personality’s subjectivity “creative - standard” and the characteristics of activity - “initia- tive in activity”, “solution of socially-oriented tasks” and “self-organization (through external means)”. In the structure of the activity the factors “activity content”, “social responsibility” and “satisfaction with the result of activity” were also attributed to the sustainably expressed determinants of the social activity aimed “for own beneﬁt”. The activity characteristics “striving for success, self-aﬃrmation”, “striving for conﬁdence, self-improvement”, “satisfying own needs”, “complying with social requirements”, “insistence”, “focusing on the present”, as well as the characteristic of the non-situational subjectivity of the personality “freedom of choice and responsibility for it” became the determinants of activity aimed “for others’ beneﬁt”.
Literary Domains’ Connectionin a Policultural Text
Authors: Sinyachkin Vladimir Pavlovich , Bakhtikireeva Uldanai Maksutovna , Valikova Olga Aleksandrovna
Published: February 2020

The authors of the article consider semiotic systems of different levels of organization as databases - domains that accumulate the number of relay units over time and communicate with each other, generating new containers of cultural information. If we study Russian literature as a domain, it turns out that it contains a constant core in the form of key themes, motifs, developed persona sphere. These resources are used by non-Russian by origin authors to create literary texts in which the acquired artistic elements are culturally transformed, resulting in the contamination of several cultural layers within the artistic whole. The mechanism of communication between domains can be called a dialogue (in the broad sense), and its varieties - intertextual roll-call, allusions, modification of case phenomena. Based on the material of A. Zhaksylykov’s novel “Dreams of the Damned”, the authors investigate proposition coincidences as a type of allusions and illustrate them using comparative analysis and hermeneutic commentary. Results : there are found propositive coincidences with the texts of A.S. Pushkin, O.E. Mandelstam, F. Sologub and others. The transformations of the text fragments are analyzed. Conclusions are drawn about intertextual acculturation (S.A. Kibalnik).
Poet as a Role: on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Russian Poeticism
Authors: Vekshin Georgy Viktorovich , Lemesheva Marina Mikhaylovna
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the semantics and pragmatics of Russian poetry as deictic pointers to the poetic sphere and one of the six universal socio-cultural roles - the role of the poet-writer. The communicative role is interpreted as an element of speech behavior, determined by the basic communication settings: to be and to seem . It is shown that the stylistic coloring of poetry is formed only due to its stable correlation with the typical context and role; poeticisms by themselves do not create poetry and cannot even be considered as its obligatory feature, so they are primarily the subject of literary language theory and reflects the general cultural consciousness of speakers. In connection with the requirement to distinguish between the stylistics of language and speech, we review the difference between the poetic style of the language, which is a repository of poeticisms, from the poetic language as a style of speech (an operational system of techniques and tactics that ensure the performance of an artistic task); a detailed definition of poetic language is given. There is also a short observation of poeticisms at different levels of the linguistic system. The article proposes the description of the semantic structure of Russian poeticisms. It is emphasized that poeticisms can be used according to their artistic perspective (as a narrative tool, role-playing tool, to eliminate any speech image, in an ironic manner, etc.), however, their condensation in the text discloses the priority of an extra-aesthetic strategy of self-presentation in the role of a poet and, as a result, can be an indicator of “bad poetry”. This idea is shown on the example of a typical text of mass poetry saturated with poeticisms. The experience of compiling the poetic corpus of “Russian Live Stylistic Dictionary” discovers the possibility to identify the stylistic semantics of the word and to predict the artistic quality of the text.
TINDAK PIDANA PENYELUNDUPAN GULA IMPOR (Studi Kasus Impor Gula Dari Kawasan Bebas Sabang ke Pelabuhan Ulee Lheue Banda Aceh)
Authors: Wardhani Maya Rachmatika , Yuhermansyah Edy
Published: February 2020

Pelabuhan Ulee Lheue beroperasi melayani beberapa rute, rute pulau Sabang, rute Kota Lhokseumawe, rute Kuala Langsa, bahkan sampai ke pelabuhan Belawan-Medan, setelah bencana tsunami tahun 2004, pelabuhan tersebut baru berperan sebagai penghubung utama antara Pulau Sumatera ke Pulau Sabang melalui kota Banda Aceh dengan 3-4 trip penyeberangan setiap harinya. Penyelundupan gula impor dari kawasan bebas Sabang ke pelabuhan Ulee Lheue Banda Aceh makin marak terjadi setiap hari, Bea dan Cukai mempunyai wewenang untuk menangkap pelaku penyelundupan, menyita barang selundupan sebagai barang bukti untuk diserahkan kepada pihak yang berwajib. Dari permasalahan di atas maka yang menjadi permasalahan adalah apa faktor penyebab terjadinya tindak pidana penyelundupan gula impor dari kawasan bebas Sabang ke pelabuhan Ulee Lheue Banda Aceh, bagaimana modus operandi terjadinya tindak pidana penyelundupan gula impor dari kawasan bebas Sabang ke pelabuhan Ulee Lheue Banda Aceh, serta bagaimana upaya pencegahan tindak pidana penyelundupan gula impor dari kawasan bebas Sabang ke pelabuhan Ulee Lheue Banda Aceh. Hasil penelitian dan kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh pegawai atau petugas Bea dan Cukai tidak efektif sehingga tindak pidana penyelundupan gula impor yang terjadi disebabkan oleh kebutuhan ekonomi yang mendesak, kurangnya kesadaran hukum dikalangan masyarakat, ketidakpahaman masyarakat terhadap peraturan Kepabeanan, dan juga adanya pihak yang ingin meraih keuntungan yang besar. Saran yang dapat direkomendasikan, hendaknya pelabuhan Ulee Lheue memperketat pengawasan terhadap usaha-usaha preventif guna untuk meminimalisir usaha-usaha represif yang akan terjadi sebagai bentuk tindak pidana.
LANDASAN TEORI HAK ASASI MANUSIA DAN PELANGGARAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: Sabila Yumna , Bustamam Kamaruzaman , Badri Badri
Published: February 2020

Kejahatan Hak Asasi Manusia merupakan juga sebagai kejahatan Internasional maka ada keterkaitan hak asasi manusia dan hukum pidana internasional. Pelanggaran terhadap hak asasi manusia yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai perbuatan kejahatan atau tindak pidana, yaitu karena melanggar ketentuan hukum hak asasi manusia dengan dikenai suatu sanksi pidana dalam lingkup nasional maupun internasional. Pengaturan hukum mengenai hak asasi manusia (nasional dan internasional) pada hakikatnya sebagai rangka dalam melakukan perlindungan dan penegakan hukum atas hak asasi manusia.Dalam hukum pidana internasional terkait perkembangannya dan sejarahnya tidak terlepas dari sejarah perkembangan hak asasi manusia. Keterkaitannya memiliki ketergantungan dan berkesinambungan satu sama lain, sebagai contoh terbentuknya kejahatan-kejahatan baru dalam dimensi internasional (genosida, kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan, kejahatan peranng, dan agresi).  Pelanggaran terhadap hak asasi manusia berkaitan langsung dengan para subjek-subjek hukum itu sendiri, serta pelanggaran yang dilakukan termasuk dalam lingkup nasional ataukan internasional yang nantinya akan mempunyai hubungan dalam menyelesaikan pelanggaran itu di hadapan hukum yang berlaku. Prinsip hak asasi manusia ada yang berupa prinsip universalitas, prinsip universal ini dimaksudkan bahwa hak asasi adalah milik semua orang karena kodratnya sebagai manusia. Prinsip setiap orang memiliki hak yang sama (equality) dan tanpa diskriminasi, prinsip ini menyatakan bahwa setiap orang dilahirkan secara bebas dan memiliki hak yang sama tanpa dibeda-bedakan karena alasan tertentu. Dan ada yang terakhir prinsip pengakuan indivibility dan interdependence of different right. Prinsip ini menyatakan bahwa dalam rangka memenuhi hak asasi manusia maka tidak dapat dipisahkan antara pemenuhan hak-hak sipil dan politik dengan pemenuhan hak-hak ekonomi, sosial dan budaya. Karena ruang lingkup dari keduanya itu saling berhubungan.
UPAYA PENAGGULANGAN TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN ARUS LISTRIK MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 30 TAHUN 2009 (STUDI KASUS DI PT. PLN BANDA ACEH)
Authors: Ratnayanti Nurfina , Ali Ali
Published: February 2020

Pencurian adalah mengambil barang orang lain dengan maksud memiliki dengan cara melawan hukum. Mencuri artinya mengambil barang orang lain dengan diam-diam dengan sembunyi-sembunyi tanpa diketahui pemilik barang, perbuatan pencurian itu dapat dibedakan pencurian ringan, pencurian berat dan pencurian dengan kekerasan. Pencurian ringan adalah pencurian yang dilakukan dengan mengambil barang orang lain dengan sembunyi-sembunyidan harga barang yang dicuri biasanya relatif rendah, sedangkan pencurian berat adalah pencurian yang dilakukan dengan mengambil barang orang lain dengan maksud untuk dimiliki dengan cara melawan hukum. Berbagai macam cara dilakukan agar meningkatkan kesejahteraan dirinya tanpa memikirkan orang lain, Sejalan dengan meningkatnya kesejahteraan manusia salah satu bentuk energi yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan manusia adalah energi listrik. Maka kebutuhan energi listrik juga meningkat, sehingga melakukan berbagai upaya untuk mendapatkan energi listrik melalui proses efisensi efektif ekonomis. Hal demikian tentu harus di atasi dengan menanggulangi kejahatan terhadap berbagai sarana sebagai reaksi yang dapat diberikan kepada pelaku kejahatan, berupa sarana pidana maupun non hukum pidana, yang dapat diintegrasikan satu dengan yang lainnya. Apabila sarana pidana dipanggil untuk menanggulangi kejahatan, berarti akan dilaksanakan politik hukum pidana, yakni mengadakan pemilihan untuk mencapai hasil perundang-undangan pidana yang sesuai dengan keadaan dan situasi pada suatu waktu dan untuk masa-masa yang akan datang. Semula suatu perbuatan dianggap tidak tercela, akan tetapi akhirnya masyarakat menilai bahwa perbuatan itu adalah tercela, sehingga terhadap perbuatan itu diancamkan dengan suatu sanksi pidana. Dalam penegakan hukum, semakin banyak penyesuaian antara peraturan perundang-undangan dengan kebudayaan masyarakat, maka akan semakin mudahlah dalam menegakannya.
Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Pencurian Melalui Lembaga Kenoe Bo Adat di Gampong Kampung Paya Kecamatan Kluet Utara Kabupaten Aceh Selatan
Authors: Rispalman Rispalman , Rita Iklima
Published: February 2020

Keberadaan lembaga kenoe bo adat di dalam masyarakat adat Gampong Kampung Paya tidak bisa di pisahkan lagi dan sudah mendarah daging dalam diri masyarakat Gampong kampung Paya, dalam halnya menyelesaikan dan memutuskan perkara. Pertanyaan penelitian dalam skripsi ini adalah bagaimana proses penyelesaian perkara pencurian melalui lembaga kenoe bo adat di Gampong kampung Paya, serta bagaimana pandangan hukum Islam terhadap proses penyelesaian pencurian melalui lembaga kenoe bo adat. Skripsi ini mengunakan metode deskriptif analisis yaitu suatu metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk menguraikan apa yang sedang terjadi, kemudian di analisis untuk memperoleh jawaban terhadap permasalahan yang ada. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah lapangan (fiel research), dengan mengumpulkan data-data yang ada dilapangan berdasarkan wawancara penulis melalui informasi, selanjutnya mengunakan penelitian pustaka (library research). Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah lembaga kenoe bo adat dalam menyelesaikan perkara tindak pidana pencurian yaitu penyelesaiannya menggunakan alat bukti berupa sumpah sedangkan dalam hukum Islam penyelesaiannya memerlukan alat bukti yang khusus membuktikan bahwa pelaku telah melakukan perbuatan pencurian tersebut, adapun alat buktinya yaitu sumpah, petunjuk, saksi dan pengakuan. Jadi, perbedaannya terletak pada proses penyelesaian pembuktiannya  yang mana lembaga kenoe bo adat cukup dengan sumpah sedangkan hukum Islam memerlukan alat bukti lainnya. Namum persamaan antara keduannya memiliki tujuan yang sama yaitu ingin membuat pelaku jera dan menjadi pelajaran bagi orang lain sebagai pencegahan, serta terwujudnya keamanan, kedamaian, ketentraman dan keharmonisan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat.
Implementasi Qanun Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang hukum Jinayat Dalam Kasus Pidana Anak-anak (Studi Kasus di Kota Langsa)
Authors: Salam Jalil Abdul
Published: February 2020

Pada Qanun  Jinayat Aceh Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 pasal 67 menyebutkan bahwa apabila anak yang telah mencapai umur 12 tahun tetapi belum mencapai umur 18 tahun atau belum menikah melakukan jarimah, maka terhadap anak tersebut dapat dikenakan ‘uqubat paling banyak 1/3 (satu per tiga) dari ‘uqubat yang telah ditentukan bagi orang dewasa dan/atau dikembalikan kepada orangtuanya atau walinya atau ditempatkan di tempat yang disediakan oleh pemerintah Aceh atau pemerintah kabupaten atau kota, namun pelaksanaannya belum maksimal. Tujuan penelitian dalam skripsi ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui kedudukan Mahkamah Syar’iah di kota Langsa dalam menangani perkara anak yang melanggar ketentuan Qanun Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hukum Jinayat dan penyelesaian perkara anak yang melakukan kejahatan yang telah diatur dalam Qanun Nomor 6 tahun 2014 Tentang Hukum Jinayat. Dengan menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan, penelitian kepustakaan dilakukan untuk memperoleh data sekunder dengan mempelajari peraturan perundang-undangan  dan literatur lainnya yang ada hubungan dengan masalah yang diteliti, penelitian lapangan dilakukan untuk memperoleh data primer dengan cara mewawancarai responden dan informan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, belum ada peradilan khusus untuk anak di Mahkamah Syar’iah Langsa dalam mengadili perkara  pidana anak, sebelum adanya ketetapan khusus terhadap pelaku anak-anak dalam qanun jinayah maka harus mengikuti ketentuan perundang-undangan nasional, penyelesaian perkara anak yang melakukan pelanggaran hukum jinayah di selesaikan secara diversi pada kepolisian tanpa melalui jalur pengadilan. Disarankan kepada pemerintah daerah Aceh agar membuat peraturan khusus dan mengesahkan tentang peradilan khusus anak pada Mahkamah Syar’iah dan disarankan kepada pihak kepolisan agar menggunakan qanun jinayah dalam menyelesaikan perkara anak yang melanggar ketentuan hukum jinayah supaya qanun jinayah yang diterapkan dapat maksimal.
A importância do desenvolvimento da competência em informação no contexto de clubes de futebol
Authors: Jorge Carlos Francisco Bitencourt , Valentim Marta Lígia Pomim
Published: February 2020

A informação é um dos componentes implícitos em distintos processos organizacionais, assim, é necessário que os sujeitos organizacionais sejam dotados de competências que proporcione o melhor aproveitamento de dados e informações. Ao observar o ambiente em que os clubes de futebol estão inseridos é possível notar o uso de dados e informações a todo instante e, em grande parte do tempo, sendo utilizada como recurso estratégico. Nessa perspectiva, analisa-se a percepção, acesso, compartilhamento e uso de dados e informação alinhados à competência em informação no Marília Atlético Clube, da Cidade de Marília, interior do Estado de São Paulo. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, aplicando-se o método de observação direta para a coleta e análise dos dados. A partir da análise foi possível perceber de que maneira os sujeitos organizacionais usam a informação, bem como evidenciou-se a importância do desenvolvimento da competência em informação, de modo que possam exercer suas funções, responsabilidades e tarefas desempenhadas no Clube. Evidenciou-se também distintas necessidades informacionais quanto ao uso de dados e informações, confirmando que o desenvolvimento da competência em informação no contexto dos clubes de futebol é essencial.