bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OCORRÊNCIA DO DIAGNÓSTICO DE ENFERMAGEM SÍNDROME DE TERMINALIDADE EM PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS
Authors: ALMEIDA ANTONIA RIOS , Ferreira Santana Rosimere Rosimere  Ferreira Santana , Passarelles Dayana Medeiros do Amaral , Silva Daniel Espirito Santo
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: identificar o diagnóstico de enfermagem Síndrome de Terminalidade em pacientes em cuidados paliativos oncológicos. Método: estudo clínico transversal desenvolvido no Instituto Nacional do Câncer – INCA com 217 pacientes. Resultados: maioria do sexo feminino (57,1%), idade 61 a 70 (33,6%), câncer de orofaringe (23,6%) mama (23,4%). Os principais diagnósticos encontrados como componentes da síndrome foram: Dor crônica (83,9%); Náusea (76%) e Nutrição desequilibrada: menor que as necessidades corporais (76%); Fadiga (75,5%), Ansiedade (72,0%), Padrão respiratório ineficaz (44,0%); Conforto prejudicado (53,4%), Sofrimento espiritual (42,0%), Constipação (49,0%); Distúrbio do padrão do sono (28,5%). Como fatores relacionados: Cuidados paliativos (100%) e Doença em estágio avançado (100%) Conclusões: estudo demonstrou a ocorrência da Síndrome de terminalidade de modo simultâneo e em conjunto. Com isso o enfermeiro tem em seu processo de enfermagem um diagnóstico sindrômico que proporciona julgamento clínico acurado em cuidados paliativos.Descritores: Cuidados paliativos, Diagnóstico de enfermagem, Cuidados Paliativos na Terminalidade da Vida.
DIAGNÓSTICOS, INTERVENÇÕES E RESULTADOS DE ENFERMAGEM PARA A CONSULTA DE ENFERMAGEM À CRIANÇA
Authors: Hanzen Ingrid Pujol , Zanotelli Silvana Dos Santos , Zanatta Elisangela Argenta
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: apresentar diagnósticos (DE), intervenções (IE) e resultados (RE) de enfermagem para o atendimento à criança de zero a dois anos na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), com base na Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem (CIPE®). Método: pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo pesquisa-ação, realizada com sete enfermeiras que atuam na APS de um município do oeste catarinense.  Os DE, IE e RE foram validados pelo Índice de Validade de Conteúdo. Resultados: Foram criados e validados 19 enunciados de DE, com intervenções e resultados esperados com base na CIPE®, voltados para crianças de zero a dois anos de idade. Conclusão: A criação de DE, IE e RE respalda e qualifica o trabalho do enfermeiro, empoderando-o e dando cientificidade às suas ações.
MESTRADO PROFISSIONAL EM ENFERMAGEM - UM NOVO MOMENTO PARA A PROFISSÃO NO BRASIL
Authors: Da Silva Manoel Carlos Neri
Published: May 2020

O Programa de pós-graduação em Enfermagem (Profen), idealizado e financiado pelo Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (Cofen), chegou para impulsionar e mudar a formação de Enfermeiros mestres para o desenvolvimento da Ciência e da profissão de Enfermagem no Brasil. Em parceria com a Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes/MEC), o programa foi lançado em 2016, abrindo uma nova perspectiva de qualificação profissional para enfermeiros. O programa contribui para implementação, de forma mais eficaz e efetiva, da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem e do Processo de Enfermagem na Rede de Atenção à Saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).
Current and Future Prospective of a Versatile Moiety: Imidazole
Authors: Rani Nidhi , Kumar Praveen , Singh Randhir , de Sousa Damião P. , Sharma Prerna
Published: May 2020

Imidazole containing compounds have been a very much explored field since ancient times.
Subsequently, it constitutes a significant moiety for the new drug development. A variety of compounds
having imidazole moiety have been synthesized, evaluated and marketed for the treatment of
various diseases such as antifungal, antiepileptic, ACE inhibitors and so on, as shown in the figure.
The search for imidazole containing compounds with more selective biological potency with low side
effects continues to be an active area of research in medicinal chemistry. This review is in an effort to
highlight the marketed drugs with imidazole ring. The article also demonstrates the future prospective
of marketed imidazoles as antifungal with potential activity targeting 14α-demethylase enzyme.
Withdrawal Notice: Application of Nanomaterials in Development of Electrochemical Sensors and Drug Delivery Systems for Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Ghalkhani Masoumeh , Kaya Sariye Irem , Bakirhan Nurgul K. , Ozkan Yalcin , Ozkan Sibel A
Published: May 2020

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors and editor of the journal Current Drug Delivery

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

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Halogenated Flavones and Isoflavones: A State-of-Art on their Synthesis
Authors: Santos Ricardo , Pinto Diana , Magalhães Clara , Silva Artur
Published: May 2020

Background:

Flavonoid is a family of compounds present in the everyday consumption plants and
fruits, contributing to a balanced diet and beneficial health effects. Being a scaffold for new drugs and presenting
a wide range of applicability in the treatment of illnesses give them also an impact in medicine. Among the several
types of flavonoids, flavone and isoflavone derivatives can be highlighted due to their prevalence in nature
and biological activities already established. The standard synthetic route to obtain both halogenated flavones and
isoflavones is through the use of already halogenated starting materials. Halogenation of the flavone and isoflavone
core is less common because it is more complicated and involves some selectivity issues.

Objective:

Considering the importance of these flavonoids, we aim to present the main and more recent synthetic
approaches towards their halogenation.

Methods:

The most prominent methodologies for the synthesis of halogenated flavones and isoflavones were reviewed.
A careful survey of the reported data, using mainly the Scopus database and halogenation, flavones and
isoflavones as keywords, was conducted.

Results:

Herein, a review is provided on the latest and more efficient halogenation protocols of flavones and isoflavones.
Selective halogenation and the greener methodologies, including enzymatic and microbial halogenations,
were reported. Nevertheless, some interesting protocols that allowed the synthesis of halogenated flavone
and isoflavone derivatives in specific positions using halogenated reagents are also summarized.

Conclusion:

Halogenated flavones and isoflavones have risen as noticeable structures; however, most of the
time, the synthetic procedures involve toxic reagents and harsh reaction conditions. Therefore, the development
of new synthetic routes with low environmental impact is desirable.
Evaluation of Cardiac Scan in Diagnosing Coronary-artery Disease
Authors: Butaish Zubaida , Alajmi Masheal , Elahi Arouba , Bafaraj Saeed M.
Published: May 2020

Background:

With the evaluation of focal epicardial coronary stenosis and non-obstructive atherosclerosis, the cardiac scans play a significant role in diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD). Moreover, the advancements in the imaging techniques leading to improved risk assessment and timely therapies help in early diagnosis of CAD with greater accuracy.

Aims:

To evaluate the role of cardiac scan in diagnosing CAD.

Methods:

Recruited 100 individuals without any history of CAD that refers to the assessment of suspected angina, conducted the prospective study. Electrocardiogram (ECG) findings assisted in the evaluation of left bundle branch blockage, abnormalities of ST-segment, and pathological Q waves.

Results:

The results depicted negative N.M findings among 38 respondents; whereas, ischemia and myocardial infarctions were diagnosed in 26% and 19% of the respondents, respectively. The majority of the males (59) were positive in contrast to 37 females with positive results. Similarly, 24 respondents were presented with mild dilated left atria (LA), 37 respondents suffered from impaired relaxation pattern of left ventricular (LV) diastolic filling; while, 40 of the respondents had normal global LV systolic function.

Conclusion:

The study results have concluded that non-invasive, low-risk, and cost-effective technique like ECG is an important beneficial advancement in the diagnosis of CAD.
Viability Prediction of Smart Meter Installation to Prevent Non-Technical Losses Using Naïve Bayes Classifier
Authors: Umar Hadiza , Prasad Rajesh , Fonkam Mathias
Published: May 2020

Background:

A resolve engaged by energy regulators worldwide to curtail the liability of Non-Technical
Losses (NTLs) in power is the installation of Smart Meters to measure consumed power. However, power
regulators in developing countries are confronted with huge metering gap in an era of momentous energy theft
which has resulted in deficits in revenue, debts and ultimately power cuts.

Objective:

The objective of this research is to predict whether the customers’ who are unmetered are eligible to
be metered by identifying worthy and unworthy customers for metering given their bill payment history.

Methods:

The approach analyses the performance accuracy of some machine learning algorithms on small
datasets by exploring the classification abilities of Deep learning, Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine and
Extreme Learning Machine using data obtained from an electricity distribution company in Nigeria.

Results:

The performance analysis shows that Naïve Bayes classifier outperformed the Deep Learning, Support
Vector Machine and Extreme Learning Machine algorithms. Experiments in deep learning have shown that the
alteration of batch sizes has an effect on the outputs.

Conclusion:

This paper presents a data-driven methodology for the prediction of consumers’ eligibility to be
metered. The research has shown the performance of deep learning, Naive Bayes, SVM and ELM on small
dataset. The research will help utility companies in developing countries with large populations and huge
metering gaps to prioritise the installation of smart meters based on consumer’s payment history.
Identificación de perfiles de usuarios para el direccionamiento de programas de mejoramiento energético (La Plata-Bs.As.-Argentina)
Authors: Chévez Pedro Joaquín , Martini Irene , Discoli Carlos
Published: May 2020

Se desarrolla una metodología para la clasificación y caracterización de perfiles deusuarios energéticos residenciales orientados a dirigir medidas específicas de eficienciaenergética y energías renovables que permitan optimizar la utilización derecursos. Se utiliza como caso de estudio una base de datos de 395 encuestas relevadasen La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina), a partir de la cual se calcula la demandade energía primaria de cada usuario, a quien se le clasifica en perfiles de consumo.Finalmente, se analizan variables/indicadores socio-demográficos y energéticos quepermiten identificar aspectos críticos y plantear lineamientos específicos para elmejoramiento energético.
Quedamos como prisioneros adentro del country” . La construcción del territorio en el Noroeste Argentino
Authors: Malizia Matilde
Published: May 2020

La instalación de la urbanización cerrada más grande en el aglomerado Gran San Miguel de Tucumán generó un conflicto socio-espacial inédito en el desarrollo urbano. El proyecto San Pablo Country Life and Golf se construyó sobre un predio sembrado con limones y ocupado, desde hace 90 años, por familias pertenecientes a una antigua colonia azucarera, Colonia Chazal. Este artículo se propone describir, analizar y comprender de qué manera el avance de las urbanizaciones cerradas, además de incidir en la forma en que se expande el aglomerado, pone de manifiesto diferentes territorialidades vinculadas con el poder desigual para construir el territorio.
Implementasi Aplikasi Wifi TB Berdasarkan Persepsi Kemudahan dan Kemanfaatan di Kota Semarang
Authors: Salim Marko Ferdian , Kurniadi Arif , Widianawati Evina , Kusuma Edi Jaya
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang: Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan salah satu dari sepuluh penyakit penyebab kematian di dunia. Kasus TB yang ditemukan harus dicatat dan dilaporkan oleh setiap fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan sesuai format yang ditentukan.Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh persepsi kemanfaatan, kemudahan dan kendala terhadap implementasi penggunaan aplikasi Wifi TB.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain observasional analitik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di wilayah kerja Dinas Kesehatan Kota Semarang dengan melibatkan dokter praktik mandiri dan dokter klinik pratama sebagai responden sebanyak 129 orang pada tahun 2019.Hasil: Responden yang mengisi angket sebanyak 129 orang, 60% belum menggunakan aplikasi dan 40% sudah menggunakan aplikasi. Berdasarkan hasil skor angket dengan skala 1 – 5, diketahui skor persepsi kemanfaatan dan kemudahan adalah 4, skor kendala penggunaan adalah 2, skor implementasi penggunaan 3,8 serta skor efektivitas dan kepuasan adalah 4. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik diperoleh nilai sig F= 0,000 dan R-square= 70,1%, artinya persepsi kemanfaatan, kemudahan dan kendala penggunaan aplikasi secara bersama-sama berpengaruh siginifikan terhadap implementasi penggunaan aplikasi Wifi TB sebesar 70,1%.Kesimpulan: Persepsi kemanfaatan, kemudahan dan kendala penggunaan mempengaruhi implementasi penggunaan aplikasi sebesar 70,1%. Disarankan kepada pengembang program dan dinas terkait untuk selalu memberikan sosialisasi dan pelatihan kepada pengguna aplikasi Wifi TB.
‘Resik’ sebagai Sistem Informasi untuk Identifikasi Berkas Rekam Medis Ganda di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah X Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Nuryati Nuryati , Ningtyas Annisa Maulida , Herwanto Guntur Budi , Sulistiyo Widhi
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang: Di salah satu RSUD X DIY masih terdapat potensi duplikasi nomor rekam medis dan diharapkan untuk segera dilakukan identifikasi untuk menangani masalah tersebut. Diperlukan sebuah mekanisme standar yang digunakan untuk melakukan identifikasi kesamaan data rekam pasien di rumah sakit yang bertujuan untuk menghilangkan duplikasi data rekam medis. Mekanisme tersebut dituangkan dalam sebuah framework untuk mendeteksi duplikasi rekam medis yang diberi nama ”RESIK”.Tujuan: Menerapakan framework ”RESIK” di salah satu RSUD X DIY untuk mengidentifikasi terjadinya duplikasi rekam medis.Metode: Metode identifikasi duplikasi rekam medis menggunakan pairwise comparison. Kriteria yang dikomparasikan adalah 100.000 data sosial  pasien yang ada pada database SIMRS di RSUD X DIY. Identifikasi potensi duplikasi menggunakan data nomor rekam medis,  nama, tanggal lahir, jenis kelamin, dan alamat pasien.Hasil: Dari 100.000 data sosial pasien, ditemukan bahwa terdapat 413 berkas rekam medis yang terindikasi duplikasi (0,413%). Dari 413 berkas rekam medis, ditemukan sebanyak 407 pasien (98,547%) memiliki dua nomor rekam medis berbeda, 5 pasien (1,211%) memiliki 3 nomor rekam medis berbeda, dan 1 pasien (0,242%) memiliki empat nomor rekam medis berbeda. Kesimpulan: Framework ”RESIK” terbukti dapat mengidentifikasi adanya duplikasi nomor rekam medis di RSUD X DIY.
Gambaran Kejadian dan Tingkat Kecemasan pada Lanjut Usia
Authors: Rindayati Rindayati , Nasir Abdul , Astriani Yuni
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang: Lanjut usia merupakan tahap terakhir dari proses pertumbuhan seorang manusia. Pada lanjut usia terjadi perubahan baik secara biologis, emosional maupun psikososial yang berpotensi memunculkan masalah kesehatan, dimana salah satunya adalah terjadinya kecemasan.Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kejadian dan tingkat kecemasan pada lanjut usia.Metode: Desain pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif, dengan populasi lanjut usia sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan kegiatan Posyandu dilakukan di Desa Wedani Cerme Gresik, pada 23 Juni 2018 dimana lanjut usia turut mengunjungi. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 41 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Etical Approvel oleh Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Airlangga nomor 771-KEPK, 23 April 2018.Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini 56% tidak terjadi kecemasan dan 44% terjadi kecemasan, dimana seluruhnya dengan tingkat kecemasan ringan.Kesimpulan: Kemunduran yang terjadi pada lanjut usia dapat mengakibatkan kecemasan pada sebagian orang, dan tidak pada sebagian yang lain. Perhatian, rasa aman dan penyediaan fasilitas kesehatan sangat penting diberikan kepada lanjut usia untuk mencegah terjadinya kecemasan dan solusi bagi yang mengalami kecemasan.
Penatalaksanaan Efektif dalam Rangka Peningkatan Pertumbuhan Anak pada Kasus Stunting
Authors: Putri Riskiana , Nuzuliana Rosmita
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang: Stunting merupakan kekurangan gizi kronis yang terjadi selama periode emas pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada awal kehidupan anak. Stunting dapat menyebabkan dampak jangka panjang pada fisik, imunologi, neurokognitif, dan sosial-ekonomi. Penatalaksanaan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan anak perlu dilakukan guna membantu agar memiliki pertumbuhan normal.Tujuan: Sistematik review ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penatalaksanaan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan anak stunting di Indonesia.Metode: Artikel didapatkan dari pencarian pada dua database, yaitu pubmed dan science direct, disertai dengan artikel dari reference list. Kata kunci utama yang digunakan adalah “management” dan “stunting”. Pemilihan artikel berdasarkan pada panduan PRISMA.Hasil: Total artikel yang didapatkan adalah 897 artikel, 13 artikel terpilih untuk direview. Terdapat 2 poin penatalaksanaan yaitu 1) pemberian pendidikan kesehatan, nutrisi, dan parenting kepada ibu, 2) pemberian multiple mikronutrien menggunakan berbagai media dan bentuk. Pemberian pendidikan kepada ibu efektif merubah pola asuh ibu dan asupan makan anak, pemberian mikronutrien untuk peningkatan TB dan BB kepada anak lebih efektif jika ditambahkan dengan susu.Kesimpulan: Penatalaksanaan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan anak stunting adalah dengan memberikan pendidikan mengenai kesehatan, nutrisi dan parenting kepada ibu/pengasuh anak secara bertahap. Setelah ibu/pengasuh memiliki kemampuan dan pengetahuan mengenai kesehatan dan nutrisi adalah memberikan intervensi asupan mikronutrien.
Poverty and International Relations Theory
Authors: Kelly Laura
Published: May 2020

World Poverty. Why has this problem persisted through years of unprecedented economic growth throughout most of the world? This paper proposes that the problem is theoretical. The main theories, such as Realism and Modernization rely on fundamental assumptions such as international order through the maintenance of state power, or free market ideology, which serve to exacerbate, rather than solve, the problem of poverty. The result is either the misrepresentation of poverty, or the blatant ignorance of its existence by these dominant theories.
The southern North faces the northern South
Authors: Kissane Dylan
Published: May 2020

Australia is almost unique in international politics as it remains a Global North state geographically isolated in the south of the globe. Its northern borders fringed with states of the South, Australia has long looked to allies in its security seeking policies and in the formation of its alliances. Australia, however, is facing a choice. By using the power cycle methodology to forecast the future of global great power politics it is shown that the Global Southís China is rising in power and will soon overtake the US as the dominant global power. This article introduces the power cycle method, extrapolates forecasts from collected sampling and suggests implications for Australia of an international environment where its principal ally (the US) is no longer the predominant power.
Future In The Past: The Problem Of Values In Transatlantic Relations
Authors: Stoian Ana-Maria
Published: May 2020

This paper discusses the importance of norms and values in the transatlantic relations. Beginning with the values that shaped the transatlantic partnership at the end of the Second World War, the analysis questions the redefinition of transatlantic values at the beginning of the 21st century, emphasizing patterns of convergence and divergence. Using a comparative approach, the article presents values, norms and principles explaining the domestic and international behaviour of the US and the EU. The main argument of the paper is that there are not two different sets of values, a European and an American one, but a single transatlantic set of values (a Western one), with some distinct elements and approaches. There is not a great departure from the common matrix of values so that to endanger the US-European relationship indefinitely.
The Transatlantic Climate Divide
Authors: Onutu Zoe
Published: May 2020

Numerous theoretical accounts have attempted to capture the dynamics of the idiosyncratic transatlantic relations, whether they were merely simplified polarized depictions or sophisticated analyses. As a recent variant of the balance of power theory, the ‘soft-balancing’ thesis has been developed within this context as a useful explanation for other states’ attempts to undermine and retain the power of the US using non-military instruments. By employing the climate change policy field as a case study, this paper aims at testing the relevance of this theoretical concept on one of the most prominent examples of the transatlantic rift. The arguments brought forward reveal significant limitations of the ‘soft-balancing’ thesis when explaining the transatlantic climate divide, which casts doubt on its merits in capturing power relations in general.
The Notion of Identity
Authors: Babic Zeljka
Published: May 2020

According to psychologist Erik Erikson, identity means, “a system of self-definitions of the social actor”. This modern sense of identity denotes not only “sameness”, but also an image according to which one associates and projects oneself. Michael Wintle said that the most important feature of identity is its multiple nature. It is possible to have a single identity but it will always be made up of several separate identifications, some of which might be contradictory. Some are stronger than the others and the pattern can change over time. People are often influenced by multiple identities that apply based on circumstances such as national, racial, social and language identities.
Plurality of Identities in Europe
Authors: Greab Carmen Gabriela
Published: May 2020

The European Union differs from the traditional states not only due to its external policies or internal institutional design, but also due to its claim to act as a single and unitary actor. Moreover, if we look within European Union, some of the member states are many times rivals for the EU as actors in the international arena. In this context, the present article is trying to analyze this difficulty of European Union to be a unitary international actor from a more recent approach to international relations, that of identity.
Untitled
Authors: Karakhanyan Nune
Published: May 2020

The European Union is currently revisiting the nature of its newly acquired external boundary, which resulted from the 1 May 2004 accession of ten Central and Eastern European countries to the EU. The EU eastern frontier borders on the centuries old European perceptions and understandings of the Other are currently solidifying in polarization to its Medieval conceptualizations. These conceptualizations emerged with the formation of a promising European political awareness which developed under Charlemagne in 800s, and which was characterized by juxtaposition of the emerging Christendom to the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires. These constructions of the Other were perceived as cultural, political and religious threats that needed to be abated and controlled. Finally, the EU came up with a Constitution for Europe which although failed the referendums is still a founding document that defines the values and principles developed from the cultural, religious and humanistic inheritance of Europe.
Europe: Plurality of Identities
Authors: Surdeanu Eduard
Published: May 2020

The essay is structured in two main parts. It begins with the definition of identity, continues with a historical view upon the European identity and, in the second part, it discusses the plurality of European languages, cultures, economic and political as crucial elements that define one’s identity. Throughout, this essay is arguing in favor of defending the plurality of European identities.
Eurocentrism and International Thinking - a brief introduction
Authors: Fesich Thomas M.
Published: May 2020

International thinking – a nice expression, widely used by political and economical leaders and easily found on all major newspapers nowadays. But has it been always like that? Globalisation is considered to be a rather new development in history. On the contrary, the term eurocentrism is not spread so widely in the common language (not taking into consideration the so-called scientific community). However, eurocentrism has been an important phenomenon during the development of Europe in the world. Eurocentrism, as a variant of ethnocentrism, describes the way of emphasising European values and culture (often also described as the Western culture, contrasting with the Islamic culture – which actually compares a geographical character with a religious one and therefore, a priori, leads to confusion and unfair comparisons!) i compared to other cultures.
Euro- centrism vs International Thinking
Authors: Tieanu Alexandra
Published: May 2020

Today, at every corner we find the same question in different forms: should we think only of Europe or we should remember that Europe is just one part of the world? This essay is meant to discuss the meaning of euro-centrism and how it is conceived nowadays. But living in a complex and inter-connected world we also have to take into consideration all the other elements: different cultures and civilizations, different economic powers and different mentalities. This is probably the best way to understand the reality we are living in.
The approach of moderate constructivism towards the international regimes
Authors: Grainca Valdrin
Published: May 2020

This article adapts a theoretical approach toward explanations of international regimes. The main point is to see how moderate constructivism can contribute to the study of the international regimes. Since liberal institutionalism is the leading perspective on international regimes, this article defies its main theoretical foundations rather "Prisoner's Dilemma" and "Market Failure". After viewing these explanations as not convincing we turn to the moderate constructivism by arguing that this perspective can provide better explanations by focusing on identity theory. By focusing on identity theory this article argues that the strength of international regimes depends on the identity of states. The behaviour of the great powers will take place as illustrations.
Understanding the EU democratic deficit
Authors: Jano Dorian
Published: May 2020

This paper acknowledges the still unsettled debate on the EU democratic deficit by arguing that divergences among the scholars emanate from the methodological and the conceptual difficulties that the concept itself have when applied to the case of EU. Given the lack of a common ground for understanding the EU democratic deficit debate I propose an all-inclusive model (Democratic Deficit Space) of how to understand the EU democratic deficit arguments in the enormous already existing literature. As a last but not least point this paper will suggest how we need to look at the EU democratic deficit, putting the emphasis on the deficit term rather than on the democracy term.
The organized struggle over institutions in Tunisia
Authors: Van Noort Sam
Published: May 2020

This article examines the prospects for Tunisia with regard to the formation of a more inclusive economic- and political system. Special focus is on employees’ associations and labor unions as two decisive social groups that have historically played an important role in Tunisian politics. Eva Bellin’s (2000) model of organized capital and –labor’s (material) interests is used, as well as a broader historical analysis of the Tunisian institutional context before and after Ben Ali stepped down from power. It is concluded that prospects for further inclusive institutionalization looks reasonably positive, although much is uncertain. While the business community has suffered substantial costs as a result of the fall of the Ben Ali-regime, it is much less collectively organized and is unlikely to openly act against further inclusiveness. Labor unions, in contrast, have gained from the move to some more inclusive institutions by securing an important role in Tunisian politics.
Defense and Counter-Terrorism in Israel
Authors: Fleet Michael Joshua
Published: May 2020

This paper is an analysis of the research question “is the Israeli defence policy of deterrence effective in minimizing domestic-terrorism?” Through a two-part examination of deterrence and then reconciliation, it explains that Israel has adopted an anachronistic geo-political view of the issues in West Bank/Gaza that must be updated to one of domestic counter-terrorism. The author argues that a reconciliation process would be a more effective method of countering domestic terrorism in Israel as it, if done correctly, can address the deeply-entrenched grievances felt by the groups involved with the conflict.
Just Peace at War’s End
Authors: Rozpedowski Joanna K.
Published: May 2020

The contemporary period is characterized by intense scholarly, legal and socio-political debates about the conceptual framework, which ought to guide state responses to unmitigated violence resulting from protracted armed conflicts across the globe. The prevalence of military interventionist discourse in the media and governmental organizations necessitates further reflection on the international community’s legal obligations not only with respect to putting an end to violence, but holding aggressors of armed perpetrations individually accountable for political unrest, economic destabilization and loss of life as well as responsible for the reestablishment of social and political order on the ground, which are to ensure human security in the process of post-conflict nation-building. The analysis of two recent conflicts in Kosovo and Iraq will provide a critical foundation for the examination of international bodies’ and state actors’, such as the United Nations (in the case of Kosovo) and of the United States (in the case of Iraq), implementation of legal mechanisms by which the jus post bellum principles can be made useful for, both, (i) the purposes of providing justifications for war and (ii) post-conflict restoration of order. In addition, relevant connections will be examined between the principles guiding humanitarian interventions and just war narratives, which make military intermediations publically palpable. The study and conclusions drawn may prove especially pertinent to a continuing diplomatic stalemate with regard to armed conflicts in Syria and Ukraine, renewed tensions in South Sudan, the Central African Republic and various micro-insurgencies in Somalia, Libya or Mali.
Occupy Rustaveli
Authors: Gelashvili Tamta
Published: May 2020

The paper aims to offer a spatial analysis of the 2009 protest movements in Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, where the opposition activists occupied public space in an innovative manner, by placing prison cells on the main thoroughfare of the city. Rustaveli Avenue thus became the central space of contestation between the dominant powers and their opponents. Similar occupations of public space (the so-called “Occupy Movements”) have been widely researched; however, the case of the 2009 Tbilisi protests remain largely unstudied. Using Lefebvre’s ideas, the paper describes how political actors constantly produce the physical, conceptual, and social aspects of space. The paper studies the spatiality of political events that contributed to the Avenue’s meaning and function. After establishing the theoretical and historical background, the paper elaborates on the 2009 protests and discusses them from a spatial lens. The paper stresses the opposition activists’ overreliance on space, the absence of methodological, strategic planning, and the resulting protest fatigue. Finally, comparing the 2009 events to the 2011-2012 protests, the paper argues that overreliance on the significance of space can, in fact, decrease protest visibility and fervor, instead of increasing it.
Historical Connections of Sexism on the Matatu
Authors: Vallve Jasmine
Published: May 2020

This paper considers why the transportation sector, the matatu sector, in Nairobi is hostile towards women. It argues that the pressures of the sector have created an alienated environment for the workers which as a result projects misogyny. This paper first explains the rise of the informal economy in Nairobi and the pressures it creates. It then identifies the daily life of a worker and the demographics of the employees. It also explains how matatu workers are exploited and how this creates an alienated environment, projects sexism, and what the implications for this are.
Emerging Actors in International Development
Authors: Lima Machado Iara Binta
Published: May 2020

Under the leadership of former President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010) and his successor, Dilma Rousseff (2011- ), Brazil has emerged as an important donor within the international development system. Within this context, Africa has stood out as a meaningful partner for Brazil’s development initiatives. This paper analyses the dynamics of Brazilian Cooperation for International Development (COBRADI) with Portuguese-speaking countries in Africa (PALOP) between 2003 and 2014. It examines both the implementation of initiatives, pondering over the relative importance of the PALOP within Brazil’s development assistance to Africa, as well as the dynamics of solidarity  and interests that shape Brazilian cooperation with Africa. The analysis of discourse and practice suggests that the PALOP clearly stand out as prominent partners to COBRADI; beyond that, it suggests that self-interest and solidarity are not excluding dynamics in Brazil’s development cooperation.
Inter-Local Collaboration
Authors: Jesuel L. Arriola Sim Carlo , Pangan Aljon G. , Leo M. Romano Harvey
Published: May 2020

Today, Batangas is one of the only provinces in the Philippines, who have implemented the Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) program successfully alongside with Bataan and Guimaras. It is a mechanism to increase the efficiency of coastal governance in terms of its ability to achieve sustainable use of coastal resources. The Local Government Code of the Philippines encourages cooperative mechanisms and partnerships among stakeholders at the local level. Furthermore, different sectors and stakeholders, from international, national, and local levels, have contributed to the implementation of the program. The Local Government Units (LGUs) of Batangas are among the key actors in the implementation of the program. Using the Model of Collaborative Governance (Ansell & Gash, 2007), and Common Pool Resource Theory (Ostrom, 1990), this paper reveals that the inter-local collaboration of Batangas City and 14 coastal municipalities of Batangas province as regards the successful implementation of the ICM program in their province is effective based on the Critical Ingredients for Effective Inter-Local Government Unit (LGU) Cooperation, which was formulated by the Philippine Development Forum Working Group on Decentralization and Local Government's Sub-Working Group on Inter-Local Cooperation. A qualitative approach was used in this research, through the descriptive method following an evaluative design. As such, this research caters contributions to the field of political science, both theoretically and practically by applying the aforementioned theories, and by exemplifying the interactions of the LGUs of Batangas in fulfilling the goals of the ICM program as a successful model which could be adopted by other LGUs in the country.
Globalisation as a Hidden Stimulus of the Growth of European Territorial Identity
Authors: Sucháček Jan
Published: May 2020

The issue of identity becomes a subject of an enlarged interest especially in view of progressing European integration. This paper is a reflection on the growing extent of the consciousness of European territorial identity and tries to uncover the underlying factors of this development. It is empirically well documented that Europeans can be increasingly characterized by multiple territorial identities, i.e. simultaneous identities to a variety of territorial communities. It is argued that exclusive identities as an inseparable part of European history and memory acted as one of trigger mechanisms of nationalism. Therefore, the shift from exclusive identities to the over-arching European identity seems to be desirable supplement to the current integration process. There is ample evidence that European administration supports the creation of European identity. Officially, fostered idea of European identity has found a striking and unexpected ally in the form of globalisation. Global processes became one of the stimuli of the growth of multiple territorial identities. Since the same applies to European territorial identity, individuals increasingly find themselves within European territorial identity, individuals increasingly find themselves within European context as well. The main aim of this article is thus to illuminate and conceptualise the relation between globalisation and territorial identities, with special emphasis on European territorial identity.
The Evolution of the Party System and Cleavages in Post- Communist Hungary
Authors: Samarghitan Crina , Cioara Victor , Gherghina Sergiu , Muica Adrian
Published: May 2020

The post-Communist countries suffered many transformations in a short period of time; their political, economic and social system is in a continuous change. All the countries from Central and Eastern Europe try to cope with the Western political systems, try to avoid the third wave of authoritarianism, wave that usually comes after a democratization one. One country’s political system is impressing and interesting in many ways. We decided to approach and to analyze only a part of the political system in a country that relatively succeeded on its way towards democracy – Hungary. The evolution of Hungarian cleavages allows us to identify the emergence of parties and from that point on to deeply analyze the party system from 1990 until now. One main advantage of our study is that we make a dynamic evaluation of the party system, using some variables that were applied in the case of other party systems. The variables and indicators were used by well-known scholars to observe some variations in the Western party systems and to realize some categories. The conclusions obtained have a degree of specificity; they cannot be entirely applied to the countries in the region. The research can be improved by analyzing the electoral system and by searching new indicators for the already used variables.
Rape and Constructions of Masculinity and Femininity
Authors: Engels Bettina
Published: May 2020

With her paper Rape as a War Crime (Politikon 6/2003, p. 55-69), Andrea Theocharis has put an issue on the agenda, which has long been missing in Politikon’s discussions. I am grateful to Andrea for starting an important debate, which I would like to continue by giving some remarks to her contribution focusing on the gender constructionist dimension of rape in violent conflicts. Agreeing with Andrea, I will argue that rape and sexual violence are not only systematic and strategic weapons in violent conflicts but gendered crimes which cannot be analyzed appropriately without theorizing social and cultural constructions of masculinity and femininity. I will outline how gender-blind approaches fail to meet the issue of rape in violent conflicts. By mentioning some exemplary empirical figures, I will show that rape in violent conflicts is neither a new phenomena nor can it be considered a by-product of war. It must be emphasized that rape is not an act of sexuality but a crime against human physical and psychical integrity. I will discuss gender-sensitive approaches, which analyze rape in violent conflicts. Special attention will be paid to the view of rape as an act of male violence against women, which has also been outlined by Andrea. I will then focus on the construction of hegemonic masculinity and the widely ignored fact that also men are victims of rape and sexual torture in violent conflicts. I will conclude with emphasizing that constructions of femininity and masculinity are integral to violent conflicts in general and to rape and sexual violence in particular. If mainstream conflict analysis continues to ignore the dimensions of gender constructions, it will fail to meet its subject appropriately.
Conceptualising democracy within the post-Soviet setting
Authors: Møller Jørgen
Published: May 2020

As regards the democratic potential of the former Soviet states, the scholarly community was divided into an optimistic and a pessimistic camp when communism broke down in 1989-1991. Almost one-and-a-half decade later, neither of these camps’ predictions have been confirmed. Instead, hybrid regimes – combining pluralistic and authoritarian traits – have seized the day in the post-Soviet realms. The study of regime change has had a hard time grasping this political phenomenon conceptually. In order to pave the way for empirical research, it is necessary to deal a new deck of cards, to revisit the definitions of democracy with the actual transition processes in mind. The present paper aims to do precisely this. Emphasising both the electoral and the liberal component of democracy, with assistance from classic and contemporary authors, the paper arrives at a fourfold typology of the political regime form. This typology, and the conceptualisation it rests on, is logically exhaustive and able to set dissimilar countries apart. Hence, it provides a useful point of departure for elucidating the post-Soviet transition processes empirically
Societal Accountability And Democratization In The Philippines
Authors: Arugay Aries A.
Published: May 2020

The multifaceted interpretation of the 2001 People Power Revolt illustrated the skepticism with regard to the progress of democratization in the Philippines. However, it is also important to view it as an event that has put the issues of accountability to the fore. It examines the concept of “societal accountability” as a response to the problems faced by the legal-institutional mechanisms of accountability. It applies this in the resignation, impeachment, and ouster (RIO) campaign of the former President Joseph Estrada. It argues that societal accountability was exercised through three strategies: the legal process of impeachment, the utilization of media, and the mobilization of different civil society organizations through protest actions. The paper concludes by enumerating its implications on democratization in the Philippines.
Editorial
Authors: Erazo Kalil
Published: May 2020

No precisa de un resumen.
Efecto de aplicar inercia virtual en los parques eólicos: Los Cocos, Larimar I y Larimar II en República Dominicana
Authors: Aybar Mejía Miguel Euclides , Jiménez Matos Elvin Arnaldo , Burgo Carlos Ángel , Alcántara Radhy Andrés , Blanco Sánchez Moisés Ismael , Cabral Soto Ryan , Quezada Peña David , Rodriguez Ramirez Carolyn
Published: May 2020

Con el creciente uso de energía eólica surge la necesidad de modificar los sistemas eléctricos de potencia, debido a la falta de inercia que caracteriza la generación renovable. Se plantea emular la respuesta inercial de aerogeneradores para mitigar estos efectos ocasionados por una configuración que le impide reaccionar ante fallas ocurridas en la red eléctrica. Para validación de lo propuesto se estudia la aplicación de inercia virtual en los parques eólicos Los Cocos, Larimar 1 y Larimar 2, que representan el mayor porcentaje de generación eólica de la República Dominicana. Para analizar el efecto de la configuración propuesta en la estabilidad del Sistema Eléctrico Nacional Interconectado se utilizó el software Power Factory DIgSILENT, donde se hacen simulaciones bajo distintos parámetros de carga para obtener las curvas de variación de la frecuencia eléctrica frente a distintos valores de la constante de inercia al ocurrir una falla por desconexión de una central generadora. Con el fin de aplicar la inercia virtual en los aerogeneradores se utiliza la electrónica de potencia para realizar la inyección de potencia activa a la red eléctrica cuando ocurre una falla en el sistema eléctrico. Se desarrolla un modelo dinámico con base en el control ROCOF (Rate of Change of Frequency) cuyo objetivo es inyectar potencia activa al sistema dependiendo de la variación de frecuencia. Realizando las simulaciones se comprueba que aplicando inercia virtual se obtiene una mayor estabilidad en el sistema eléctrico y menos probabilidad de un posible colapso del sistema eléctrico.
Diseño del Plan de Manejo Integral de Residuos Sólidos (PMIRS) en el sector Caño Luisa (corregimiento de La Boquilla) distrito de Cartagena de Indias – Colombia
Authors: Díaz-Vanegasa Diego , Ulloa-Mosquera Julieth , Díaz-Mendoza Claudia
Published: May 2020

La elevada generación de residuos sólidos, su manejo inadecuado y deficiente gestión han sido preocupantes temas en materia ambiental, por los efectos que se producen sobre los ecosistemas y la salud pública. A partir de lo anterior surge la creciente necesidad de gestionar los residuos sólidos que son dispuestos de manera inadecuada por los habitantes de la comunidad aledaña al cuerpo de agua de Caño Luisa, que pertenece al sistema de caños internos que forman la Ciénaga de La Virgen o de Tesca en Cartagena, Colombia. El proyecto desarrollado tuvo como objetivo, a partir de una línea base ambiental de la zona en estudio, diseñar el Plan de Manejo Integral de Residuos Sólidos (PMIRS) en el sector Caño Luisa, corregimiento de la Boquilla; la metodología incluyó la caracterización de residuos sólidos generados y la propuesta de medidas de manejo tendientes a un mejoramiento significativo a corto, mediano y largo plazo. Como resultado se presenta un análisis de debilidades técnico-operativas (manipulación, recolección y transporte) actuales y se proponen rutas de recolección, puntos de acopio y medidas de mitigación para mejorar las condiciones. Todo el esquema se plantea a partir de una propuesta de educación ambiental y la estructuración del PMIR desde un trabajo comunitario.
Importance of Bats in Wildlife: Not Just Carriers of Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 and Other Viruses
Authors: Bonilla-Aldana D. Katterine , Jimenez-Diaz S. Daniela , Patel Shailesh Kumar , Dhama Kuldeep , A. Rabaan Ali , Sah Ranjit , Sierra Manuel , I. Zambrano Lysien , Arteaga-Livias Kovy , J. Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso
Published: May 2020

Bats are the only flying mammals that carry multiple pathogens, such as the SARS-CoV-2. As a consequent of fear of the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2, there is an adverse reaction in multiple countries against these animals. Bats contribute with arthropod control and pollination, among other positive roles of these animals.