bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconstructing Professional Identity of Educators to the Common Good
Authors: Stricker Andrew Gerald , Calongne Cynthia M.
Published: January 2017

This chapter explores ways to reconstruct stronger ties between an educators' professional identity to Aristotle's held view of the importance played by “civic friendship” to the common good of democracies nurtured and sustained by education. Virtual environments offer benefits for supporting the development of an educators' professional identity around the common good by means of sustained “in situ” deliberations and engagement with the transcendent (nonmaterial) aspects of virtues in practice.
Character Strength Development of Leaders in Cyberspace
Authors: Arenas Fil
Published: January 2017

Leadership development in cyberspace presents new challenges within an abstract interactive environment. The flexibility and versatility of virtual spaces offers many freedoms from ordinary rules and restrictions. Examining relevant signature character strengths under the high six virtues of Wisdom, Courage, Humanity, Justice, Temperance, and Transcendence (Peterson & Seligman, 2004) provide guidance for virtual leadership. Aspiring authentic transformational leaders must continue their awareness of selfhood and society in cyberspace milieus by opening their human apertures while leveraging their signature character strengths.
Learning Problem-Solving Strategies in Virtual Worlds that Encourage People to Respect Human Rights
Authors: Bennett Kara
Published: January 2017

This chapter will discuss educational projects for learning problem-solving strategies in virtual worlds that encourage people to respect human rights. The discussion includes philosophical issues that concern the need to design new models for virtual learning that engage a person's own ways of thinking and interacting with the educational content. For example, the instructional design for these projects is based on adapting the Think Aloud and Means-End analysis research methods for the evaluation of how learning about human rights in virtual environs might transfer to the real life community. The projects have been presented over the past eight years in the virtual worlds of Second Life and the Open Sims.
Get in the GROOVE
Authors: Clennan Mary Kate , Carucci Daniella S. , Chiles Shannon E. , Alert Marissa D. , LaRoche Alyssa , Leeder Maria Isabel , Saab Patrice G.
Published: January 2017

Over the last few decades, there has been a rise in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in American youths. This chapter describes the rationale for the virtual world features of an ongoing obesity prevention project that engages middle school aged girls in a 3-week summer science enrichment program. The Get in the GROOVE! program is designed to promote self-efficacy for healthy behavior change, increase health knowledge, facilitate healthy behaviors related to physical activity and nutrition, encourage a healthy body image, and promote the development and consolidation of a health self-identity. The virtual world component supplements experiences and reinforces curriculum and concepts learned in the physical world component of the program. Preliminary findings suggest that The Get in the GROOVE! program is a promising social environment to motivate healthy habits.
Future Identities of the Self Among Learners Across Physical and Virtual Spaces
Authors: Ngwenya Themba M.
Published: January 2017

This chapter seeks to examine the future identities of the self among learners across physical and virtual spaces and attempts to explain how these roles could flourish across the tech-centric learning environments. The study discusses the origin of identities, how they relate to current and future models of education, and what future identities and roles are possible. Challenges mentioned include those associated with evaluation and assessment of the virtual spaces, as well as new ways of capturing the environment feedback by utilizing sensors and wearable technology. Highlights involve virtual environment design using gamification techniques and security aspects of the future identities. The conclusion summarizes factors and stakeholders that need consideration when creating adequate physical and virtual spaces for the future identities of self.
The Pioneering Spirit in the Virtual Frontier
Authors: Calongne Cynthia M.
Published: January 2017

Dreaming of opportunities that were not possible in real life, educators visualized the potential of virtual worlds. They gathered to share their enthusiasm for this strange new landscape, to share their concerns, and to see if it offered the promise of novel approaches to address educational challenges. One challenge was the decline of learner motivation and engagement in the study of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). This chapter explores the phenomenon of how selfhood and society were integral to the development of a vibrant educational community. At the heart of virtual world education is an ecosystem of institutions, groups, and conferences comprised of the early adopters and pioneers who stimulated their imagination and pooled their resources to encourage and strengthen the community, and cast their eye to the future.
New Constructions for Understanding using Virtual Learning- Towards Transdisciplinarity
Authors: Truman Barbara
Published: January 2017

Transformative personal growth is explored through use of advanced forms of virtual learning and application of concepts from systems thinking, presence research, and Transdisciplinarity. The result is a practice of a technology-enabled, embodiment of hope. When thriving is likely, the implications of increased individual and collective consciousness enables development of a fusion of Gemeinschaft and Gesselschaft. The harmonization of such a fusion of community and society creates a new form of society, where space, place, and relationships interact like a blended urban village. As communities shift to incorporate and extend the Arts and culture in this new Society, complexity is appreciated from its reciprocity with Nature. Awareness of selfhood and society is more integrated through Being providing new possibilities to co-create the future and transcend human limitations.
The Business Model of a Public Social Partnership
Authors: Frączkiewicz-Wronka Aldona , Tkacz Monika , Arando Saioa
Published: January 2017

The authors discussed the dynamic evolution of the public management manifesting innovative and collaborative methods of social service delivery transcending the public authorities' individual boundaries. The chapter purposely presented the inter-organizational cooperation and public social partnership as an effective business model for public/social value creation unleashing the potential of public organizations and empowering social actors in democratic and collaborative policy/decision making. The chapter identified two public social partnerships in Poland and Spain. The research was conducted in the regime of constructivism. As suggested by R. Rorty (1982), the researchers posed a question as to why the research was being conducted and then adapted the research strategy to it (a case study). In order to analyse obtained data, the so-called thick description was used revealing the contextual determinants that influence the architecture of the researched models.
Steroid Receptor Coactivator 3 Contributes to Host Defense against Enteric Bacteria by Recruiting Neutrophils via Upregulation of CXCL2 Expression
Authors: Chen Wenbo , Lu Xuqiang , Chen Yuan , Li Ming , Mo Pingli , Tong Zhangwei , Wang Wei , Wan Wei , Su Guoqiang , Xu Jianming , Yu Chundong
Published: January 2017

Steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC-3) is a transcriptional coactivator that interacts with nuclear receptors and some other transcription factors to enhance their effects on target gene transcription. We reported previously that SRC-3–deficient (SRC-3−/−) mice are extremely susceptible to Escherichia coli–induced septic peritonitis as a result of uncontrolled inflammation and a defect in bacterial clearance. In this study, we observed significant upregulation of SRC-3 in colonic epithelial cells in response to Citrobacter rodentium infection. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that SRC-3 is involved in host defense against attaching and effacing bacterial infection. We compared the responses of SRC-3−/− and wild-type mice to intestinal C. rodentium infection. We found that SRC-3−/− mice exhibited delayed clearance of C. rodentium and more severe tissue pathology after oral infection with C. rodentium compared with wild-type mice. SRC-3−/− mice expressed normal antimicrobial peptides in the colons but exhibited delayed recruitment of neutrophils into the colonic mucosa. Accordingly, SRC-3−/− mice showed a delayed induction of CXCL2 and CXCL5 in colonic epithelial cells, which are responsible for neutrophil recruitment. At the molecular level, we found that SRC-3 can activate the NF-κB signaling pathway to promote CXCL2 expression at the transcriptional level. Collectively, we show that SRC-3 contributes to host defense against enteric bacteria, at least in part via upregulating CXCL2 expression to recruit neutrophils.
TCR Signaling and CD28/CTLA-4 Signaling Cooperatively Modulate T Regulatory Cell Homeostasis
Authors: Holt Michael P. , Punkosdy George A. , Glass Deborah D. , Shevach Ethan M.
Published: January 2017

Foxp3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs), conventional CD4+Foxp3− T cells, and CD8+ T cells represent heterogeneous populations composed of naive phenotype (NP, CD44low) and memory phenotype (MP, CD44high) subpopulations. NP and MP subsets differ in their activation state, contribution to immune function, and capacity to proliferate in vivo. To further understand the factors that contribute to the differential homeostasis of NP/MP subsets, we examined the differential effects of CD28 and CTLA-4 interaction with CD80/CD86, as well as MHC class II–TCR interaction within mouse Treg pools and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell pools. Blockade of CD80/CD86 with CTLA-4–Ig markedly reduced the cycling and absolute numbers of MP Tregs and MP CD4+ T cells, with minimal effect on the NP T cell subpopulations. Blockade of MHC class II–TCR interaction led to selective expansion of MP Tregs and MP CD4+ and CD8+ T cells that was reversed upon cotreatment with CTLA-4–Ig. Treatment with anti–CTLA-4 mAb altered MP Treg and MP CD4+ and CD8+ T cell homeostasis in a manner similar to that observed with anti–MHC class II. We postulate a complex pathway in which CD28 is the primary driver of Treg proliferation and CTLA-4 functions as the main brake but is likely dependent on TCR signals and CD80/CD86. These findings have important implications for the use of biologic agents targeting such pathways to modulate autoimmune and neoplastic disease.
Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) extinction in small boreal lakes revealed by ephippia pigmentation: a preliminary analysis
Authors: Bérubé Tellier Alexandre , Drevnick Paul E. , Bertolo Andrea
Published: January 2017

Ephippium pigmentation is a plastic trait which can be related to a trade-off between visual predation pressure and better protection of cladoceran eggs against different types of stress. Experimental studies showed that planktivorous fish exert a greater predation pressure on individuals carrying darker ephippia, but little is known about the variation of ephippium pigmentation along gradients of fish predation pressure in natural conditions. For this study, our experimental design included four small boreal lakes with known fish assemblages. Two of the lakes have viable brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations, whereas the other two lakes experienced brook trout extinctions during the 20th century. Cladoceran ephippia were extracted from sediment cores at layers corresponding to the documented post- extinction phase (1990's) and from an older layer (1950's) for which the brook trout population status is not known precisely. Our first objective was to determine whether brook trout extinction has a direct effect on both ephippium pigmentation and size. Our second objective was to give a preliminary assessment of the status of brook trout populations in the 1950's by comparing the variation in ephippia traits measured from this layer to those measured in the 1990's, for which the extinction patterns are well known. Cost-effective image analysis was used to assess variation in pigmentation levels in ephippia. This approach provided a proxy for the amount of melanin invested in each ephippium analysed. Our study clearly shows that ephippium pigmentation may represent a better indicator of the presence of fish predators than ephippium size, a trait that showed a less clear pattern of variation between lakes with and without fish. For the 1990's period, ephippia from fishless lakes were darker and showed a slight tendency to be larger than ephippia from lakes with brook trout. However, no clear differences in either ephippium size or pigmentation were observed between the 1990's and 1950's layers within each lake. This suggests that brook trout extinction already occurred before the 1950’s, or that brook trout population abundance was already extremely low before and after the 1990’s. Our preliminary study shows that ephippium pigmentation can be used as a tool to quickly assess present and past predation levels on zooplankton when only sediment samples are available.
Exploring the world of micro sculptures - subfossil Cladocera remains under the SEM
Authors: Zawiska Izabela , Zawisza Edyta , Wojewódka Marta , Sinev Artem Y.
Published: January 2017

The scanning electron microscope (SEM) is widely used for the identification of microstructural characteristics and morphology of different microorganisms. Common procedures are based and developed for remains of living species. This paper presents an effective method for drying and preparing subfossil Cladocera remains for SEM observation, which has been recently adapted and tested on several samples originating from different American and European lakes. This method results to be fast and cheap, as it excludes the use of expensive and toxic reagents. Moreover, it allows to recognize the micro sculpture and other species specific characteristics present on the different body parts of the Cladocera remains. The present contribution provides 29 high quality pictures of 12 cladoceran species at magnification between 200x and 11,000x. SEM images reveal  that the patterns observed on the shells under the light microscope actually are always three dimensional structures.
Inequalities for the Surface Area of Projections of Convex Bodies
Authors: Giannopoulos Apostolos , Koldobsky Alexander , Valettas Petros
Published: January 2017

We provide general inequalities that compare the surface area S(K) of a convex body K in ℝn to the minimal, average, or maximal surface area of its hyperplane or lower dimensional projections. We discuss the same questions for all the quermassintegrals of K. We examine separately the dependence of the constants on the dimension in the case where K is in some of the classical positions or K is a projection body. Our results are in the spirit of the hyperplane problem, with sections replaced by projections and volume by surface area.
Character Density in Central Subalgebras of Compact Quantum Groups
Authors: Alaghmandan Mahmood , Crann Jason
Published: January 2017

We investigate quantum group generalizations of various density results from Fourier analysis on compact groups. In particular, we establish the density of characters in the space of fixed points of the conjugation action on L2(𝔾) and use this result to show the weak* density and normdensity of characters in ZL∞(G) and ZC(G), respectively. As a corollary, we partially answer an open question of Woronowicz. At the level of L1(G), we show that the center Z(L1(G)) is precisely the closed linear span of the quantum characters for a large class of compact quantum groups, including arbitrary compact Kac algebras. In the latter setting, we show, in addition, that Z(L1(G)) is a completely complemented Z(L1(G))-submodule of L1(G).
Variations in O3, CO, and CH4 over the Bay of Bengal during the summer monsoon season: shipborne measurements and model simulations
Authors: Girach Imran A. , Ojha Narendra , Nair Prabha R. , Pozzer Andrea , Tiwari Yogesh K. , Kumar K. Ravi , Lelieveld Jos
Published: January 2017

Abstract. We present shipborne measurements of surface ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), and methane (CH4) over the Bay of Bengal (BoB), the first time such measurements have been performed during the summer monsoon season, as a part of the Continental Tropical Convergence Zone (CTCZ) experiment during 2009. O3, CO, and CH4 mixing ratios exhibited significant spatial and temporal variability in the ranges of 8–54 nmol mol−1, 50–200 nmol mol−1, and 1.57–2.15 µmol mol−1, with means of 29.7 ± 6.8 nmol mol−1, 96 ± 25 nmol mol−1, and 1.83 ± 0.14 µmol mol−1, respectively. The average mixing ratios of trace gases over BoB in air masses from central/northern India (O3: 30 ± 7 nmol mol−1; CO: 95 ± 25 nmol mol−1; CH4: 1.86 ± 0.12 µmol mol−1) were not statistically different from those in air masses from southern India (O3: 27 ± 5 nmol mol−1; CO: 101 ± 27 nmol mol−1; CH4: 1.72 ± 0.14 µmol mol−1). Spatial variability is observed to be most significant for CH4 with higher mixing ratios in the air masses from central/northern India, where higher CH4 levels are seen in the SCIAMACHY (SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CartograpHY) data. O3 mixing ratios over the BoB showed large reductions (by  ∼  20 nmol mol−1) during four rainfall events. Temporal changes in the meteorological parameters, in conjunction with O3 vertical profile, indicate that these low-O3 events are associated with downdrafts of free-tropospheric O3-poor air masses. While the observed variations of O3 and CO are successfully reproduced using the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), this model overestimates mean concentrations by about 6 and 16 % for O3 and CO, respectively, generally overestimating O3 mixing ratios during the rainfall events. An analysis of modelled O3 along air mass trajectories show mean en route O3 production rate of about 4.6 nmol mol−1 day−1 in the outflow towards the BoB. Analysis of the various tendencies from model simulations during an event on 10 August 2009, reproduced by the model, shows horizontal advection rapidly transporting O3-rich air masses from near the coast across the BoB. This study fills a gap in the availability of trace gas measurements over the BoB and, when combined with data from previous campaigns, reveals large seasonal amplitude ( ∼  39 and  ∼  207 nmol mol−1 for O3 and CO, respectively) over the northern BoB.
Overview of and First Observations from the TILDAE High-Altitude Balloon Mission
Authors: Maruca Bennett A. , Marino Raffaele , Sundkvist David , Godbole Niharika H. , Constantin Stephane , Carbone Vincenzo , Zimmerman Herb
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Though the presence of intermittent turbulence in the stratosphere has been well established, much remains unknown about it. In-situ observations of this phenomenon, which have provided the greatest detail of it, have mostly been achieved via sounding balloons (i.e., small balloons which burst at peak altitude) carrying constant-temperature hot wire anemometers (CTA's). The Turbulence and Intermittency Long-Duration Atmospheric Experiment (TILDAE) was developed to test a new paradigm for stratospheric observations. Rather than flying on a sounding balloon, TILDAE was incorporated as an add-on experiment to the payload of a NASA long-duration balloon mission that launched in January, 2016 from McMurdo Station, Antarctica. Furthermore, TILDAE's key instrument was a sonic anemometer, which (relative to a CTA) provides better-calibrated measurements of wind velocity and a more-robust separation of velocity components. During the balloon's ascent, TILDAE's sonic anemometer provided atmospheric measurements up to an altitude of about 18 km, beyond which the ambient air pressure was too low for the instrument to function properly. Efforts are currently underway to scientifically analyze these observations of small-scale fluctuations in the troposphere, tropopause, and stratosphere and to develop strategies for increasing the maximum operating altitude of the sonic anemometer.
A comprehensive one-dimensional numerical model for solute transport in rivers
Authors: Barati Moghaddam Maryam , Mazaheri Mehdi , MohammadVali Samani Jamal
Published: January 2017

Abstract. One of the mechanisms that greatly affect the pollutant transport in rivers, especially in mountain streams, is the effect of transient storage zones. The main effect of these zones is to retain pollutants temporarily and then release them gradually. Transient storage zones indirectly influence all phenomena related to mass transport in rivers. This paper presents the TOASTS (third-order accuracy simulation of transient storage) model to simulate 1-D pollutant transport in rivers with irregular cross-sections under unsteady flow and transient storage zones. The proposed model was verified versus some analytical solutions and a 2-D hydrodynamic model. In addition, in order to demonstrate the model applicability, two hypothetical examples were designed and four sets of well-established frequently cited tracer study data were used. These cases cover different processes governing transport, cross-section types and flow regimes. The results of the TOASTS model, in comparison with two common contaminant transport models, shows better accuracy and numerical stability.
Analysis of Tax Formation and Impact on Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: O.T Ebiringa, , Yadirichukwu Emeh
Published: January 2017

As a fiscal instrument, direct taxes are used to adjust people’s disposable income and to reduce the parameter of unearned incomes.  At the macroeconomic level, taxes are used to redistribute income and therefore contribute to the economic growth of the country. This paper examines the empirical forms of tax on the economic growth in Nigeria. Secondary data were sourced within the periods of 1985-2011 and Model was specified and estimated using some econometric. The result showed that the determinant factor of economic growth in the country through tax, only custom and exercise duties is capable of influencing but has an inverse relationship and significant to the GDP. It is observed that economic instability were experienced between 1986-1987 and 1993 to 1995 but evident in the stability in the economic growth from the graph in the rest of the years of the study around bench mark value of zero line of the GDP predicted graph based on tax generations in Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that the company income tax system should be generally restructured to bring about more yielded revenue results capable of contributing more significantly to the Nigerian economic as it is done in the advanced countries of the world. Custom service operations and revenue generations in the border is not practically reflected in the economy due to no accountability, transparency and leakages in the system.
How CFO’s communicate financial information - A pedagogical task in theory and practice
Authors: Bredmar Krister
Published: January 2017

An important result when communicating is to gain a deeper understanding and that meaning is created by the reciever of that which is communicated by the transmitter. This can in a way be described as the core of the pedagogical communication. The premise of this study is that the pedagogical communication can be understood and explained by means of the financial reports (1), oral presentation (2), using concepts and illustrations (3) and by the social context, the group where the communication takes place (4). The theoretical areas that form the basis of the first question in this study, how the communication can be designed, are based on these four areas. In a second part 111 CFOs in Swedish municipalities responded, via a web-based questionnaire, how they work with these areas. The result shows that they are largely working with several of the pedagogical areas, such as in the financial reports and oral presentations but that there are also areas such as the social context and the group's importance in the pedagogical communication that are not as developed. Although much is already working well, there are areas that can be developed to get the pedagogical communication of financial information to work even better.
Study of Information content Economic Value Added in Explain new models based on Free Cash Flow (CVFCFF and CVFCFE)
Authors: Kaviani Meysam
Published: January 2017

Free Cash Flow (FCF) is one of the measures based on cash flow for measuring performance of firms, among various evaluation measure of performance; that indicates the cash of firm after doing necessary expenditures for keeping and developing properties. Due to that, various models based on FCF have been explained for evaluation of firms in which free cash flow to firm (FCFF) and Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE) can be considered as the important ones.This paper aims to give new models of Free Cash Flow. These models are called Created Value from Free Cash Flow to Firm (CVFCFF) and Created Value from Free Cash Flow to Equity (CVFCFE) that purpose of examined the content of information Economic value Added (EVA) of Iran Companies in explain of CVFCFF and  CVFCFE. For this purpose a sample of 10 companies representing in the automotive of industry for a period of five years from 2005-2009 have been analyzed.The Research results indicate that there is significant relationship and positive between CVFCFF and CVFCFE with Economic value Added.
Impact of Gender upon the Perception and Auditor's Job Satisfaction
Authors: Takhtaei Nasrollah , Dezfully Leila Abbasi
Published: January 2017

The purpose of the present research is to investigate the effects of gender upon the level of job satisfaction of auditing professionals as well as examine if gender leads to differences in their perceptions of work related attributes such as advancement opportunities and relations with supervisors. Questionnaires have been applied as a means to collect required data to test the hypotheses. The dependent variable is gender and independent variable consists of 9 factors including job fulfillment, treatment with supervisors, promotion and advancement opportunities, supervisors, gender discrimination, employee relations with coworkers, workload volume, fringe and benefits, and amount of compensation. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between gender and all factors regarding independent variable except advancement and promotion opportunities. The results also show that there are differences between male and female auditors in treatment by peers and supervisors and gender discrimination. The results point out the effects of gender on 9 factors of the level of job satisfaction in audit firms.
Seasonal Analysis of Abnormal Returns after Quarterly Earnings Announcements
Authors: Iqbal Dr.
Published: January 2017

This study examines whether the Indian stock market is efficient in semi-strong form and seasonality exists. For this purpose, we take the first and fourth quarters’ results of companies for the years 2008 to 2011. We divide companies into good news and bad news portfolios on the basis of percentage changes in net profits and net sales. We use event study methodology. The results reveal that average abnormal returns occur randomly and cumulative average abnormal returns are significant for both portfolios. Fourth quarter results give better positive signals to the market than first quarter results. We conclude that seasonality exists in the Indian stock market and it is also semi-strong form inefficient and investors can use this opportunity to buy and earn abnormal profit.
AVALIAÇÃO QUANTITATIVA DA COBERTURA ARBÓREA DOS BAIRROS CENTRAIS DE MACAPÁ (AP)
Authors: Sarquis Iann Rodrigues , Vazquez Gisele Herbst , Vanzela Luiz Sérgio
Published: January 2017

A arborização urbana é um aspecto fundamental para o planejamento dequalquer cidade por trazer um grande número de benefícios à população.O objetivo deste trabalho foi dia gnosticar as atuais condições de arborizaçãode 19 bairros centrais de Macapá, Amapá, por meio da determinação dacobertura arbórea (CA) e do seu porcentual (PCA), do índice de coberturaarbórea (ICA) e da densidade de árvores por hectare (DA) e por habitante(DAH). Nesses bairros foram contabilizadas 128.667 árvores, totalizandouma CA de 1.005.102 m2. A média do PCA foi 6,25%; do ICA, 4,48 m2 hab-1;da DA, 38 árvores ha-1; e da DAH, 0,54 árvores hab-1. Conclui-se que essesíndices ainda estão longe dos ideais e que Macapá precisa planejar melhorsua arborização, de forma a beneficiar toda a população. Apenas o bairro doZerão — com PCA de 18,40% e ICA de 31,70 m2 hab-1 — mostrou-se próximodo recomendado pela literatura.
DESAFIOS PARA OS MUNICÍPIOS DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE SALVADOR, BAHIA, FRENTE À DESCENTRALIZAÇÃO DO LICENCIAMENTO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Cardoso Larissa de Lima , Carvalho Alessandra Argolo Espírito Santo
Published: January 2017

Diante do modelo de desenvolvimento econômico que se estabeleceu apartir da Revolução Industrial, a questão ambiental surge como um problemamundial, apresentando contradições entre o modelo econômico-industriale a realidade socioambiental. Tal fato resultou na exigência de respostaspráticas, como a criação de instrumentos legais de gestão ambiental.No contexto do Brasil, a partir da Lei Complementar 140/2011, ficouatribuída aos municípios competência legal para promover o licenciamentode atividades que possam causar impacto ambiental a nível local. Dessaforma, o presente estudo buscou identificar, em municípios da RegiãoMetropolitana de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, os desafios enfrentados por estesmediante aplicação da Lei Complementar. O estudo permitiu verificar que62,0% dos municípios da Região Metropolitana de Salvador estão habilitadospara licenciar, porém as dificuldades administrativas apresentadas pelosórgãos ambientais tendem a comprometer a eficácia do licenciamento comoinstrumento de proteção ambiental, o que favorece os riscos de degradaçãoe exploração desordenadas dos recursos naturais.
El proceso de gentrificación en Génova a partir de las trasformaciones urbanas de 1992
Authors: Gastaldi Francesco , Camerin Federico
Published: January 2017

Este estudio sigue algunas actividades de investigación y publicaciones relativas a las políticas urbanas en la ciudad de Génova, con especial interés en los proyectos relacionados con el centro histórico de la ciudad y el frente marítimo, así como con el papel que los grandes eventos juegan en el proceso de regeneración urbana. En este marco, el tema de la gentrificación que se investiga, es la dinámica de los nuevos residentes con mayores niveles de ingreso que se ubican en el centro histórico y el consiguiente desplazamiento de los residentes anteriores, observable a partir de los años noventa. La decisión de reubicarse en edificios degradados comenzó a verse no como una opción inevitable para las poblaciones con menos recursos económicos, sino como una solución ideal para ciertas personas con una fuerte necesidad de interacción y de representación social, atraídos por el patrimonio histórico, cultural y valores del entorno urbano, por la centralidad de la zona, y por las oportunidades de inversión.
Convivencialidad y seguridad en espacios comunitarios del movimiento moderno. Estudio de la Remodelación Paicaví, Concepción
Authors: Urbano Paz Lorena Andrea , Delpino Chamy Montserrat Alejandra
Published: January 2017

Al considerar la inseguridad y la segregación como elementos que condicionan de manera negativa el desarrollo de la sociedad, se entiende que el concepto de convivencialidad es fundamental en la concepción del crecimiento equitativo de las ciudades; visión fuertemente respaldada por el Movimiento Moderno en el diseño de conjuntos residenciales comunitarios. En este contexto la investigación busca entender en qué medida las condicionantes espaciales propuestas desde el diseño arquitectónico moderno, han logrado proporcionar instancias para la convivencialidad de los habitantes en espacios públicos, fortaleciendo vínculos de arraigo con la comunidad. Metodológicamente se ha optado por revisar el diseño arquitectónico y urbanístico de la Remodelación Paicaví, proyecto emblemático de la Ciudad de Concepción, desarrollado bajo los principios del Movimiento Moderno. A través de su evaluación se contrastan sus principios de diseño con el estado de convivencialidad y seguridad actual en sus espacios comunitarios. Como resultado, si bien se reconocen condiciones de diseño favorables, quedan en evidencia problemáticas que radican principalmente en la presencia de grandes espacios desprovistos de diversidad de actividades y que hoy se ven abandonados generando altos niveles de inseguridad, produciendo con ello rechazo por parte de los residentes, y dificultando el encuentro de los ciudadanos.
A desertificação no Alto Sertão de Sergipe/Brasil: abordagem na perspectiva das vulnerabilidades socioambientais
Authors: Ribeiro de Oliveira Alberlene , Santana de Siqueira Pinto Josefa Eliane , Mendonça Francisco de Assis
Published: January 2017

A desertificação é um dos cenários de degradação que repercute em todo sistema socioambiental. Tem origem na dinâmica natural e nas ações antropogênicas, visto que a natureza passa a ser explorada de forma exacerbada pela racionalidade econômica, dilapidando mais do que preservando, o que intensifica a crise ambiental. As áreas vulneráveis a desertificação são as que apresentam maior fragilidade climática (distribuição pluvial de forma irregular, ocorrência de precipitações torrenciais e/ou períodos muito secos); solos rasos propensos à erosão, mudanças de organização e de produção espacial (enfraquecimento econômico e emigrações) pelas atividades humanas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo de se desenvolver esta pesquisa é compreender os processos de vulnerabilidades a desertificação no Alto Sertão de Sergipe, tendo por base uma bibliografia pertinente ao tema e levantamentos de campo na área de estudo. No Alto Sertão Sergipano a desertificação é dinâmica e se desenvolve sobre um ecogeossistema frágil, cuja vulnerabilidade é aqui analisada sob o enfoque geográfico.
Análisis de la amenaza sísmica en Nicaragua: el caso de la ciudad de Managua
Authors: Jardim de Carvalho Jr. Ilton , Salmerón Muñoz J.M.
Published: January 2017

Nicaragua, país centroamericano de 6.2 millones de habitantes, conocido por sus grandes lagos y volcanes activos, se encuentra en el cinturón de fuego del Pacífico, en la zona de subducción de la Placa Coco bajo la Placa Caribe. El país tiene un amplio historial de destrucción causado por sucesivos terremotos de fuerte magnitud. Centenas de fallas geológicas causan sismos frecuentes en la capital, Managua. El propósito de este trabajo es analizar el caso singular de Managua y su alto riesgo de sufrir pérdidas y daños por desastres naturales catastróficos, presentando para eso, el escenario tectónico-volcánico del país; el estudio se enfoca en los episodios más extremos ocurridos, analizando la amenaza sísmica en Managua. Como resultado de este trabajo se entrega un panorama general de los tipos de amenazas geológicas que desafían Nicaragua, concentrándose en las amenazas sísmicas y algunos episodios trágicos en el historial de desastres naturales geológicos, contribuyendo así con la difusión de conocimientos necesarios al planteamiento de políticas de mitigación y prevención de desastres geológicos sísmicos y volcánicos.
Opinions of University Music Teachers on the Musical Competencies Necessary for Primary Education Teachers
Authors: Sulentic Begic Jasna , Begic Amir , Skojo Tihana
Published: January 2017

This paper describes the research conducted in the Republic of Croatia during the 2012/13 academic year. We have gathered opinions from experts, i.e. teaching methods teachers from seven faculties of teacher education, regarding the music teaching competencies necessary for primary education teachers teaching music in the first several grades of elementary school. We used the Delphi method in our research, i.e. in our sample survey among teaching methods teachers. The teachers also evaluated the competencies of their students and some elements of teacher education studies course syllabi and programmes. The sample survey among the teachers was implemented via email. The goal of the research was to determine if the programmes of the music courses at the teacher education studies are appropriate for the development of the competencies necessary for students of music education. Teaching methods teachers emphasized the need for more practical training, primarily regarding playing instruments and singing, and they pointed out that the course Teaching Methods in Music is the most important course for the training of future music teachers. Aside from that, they believe that more classes should be devoted to music courses, i.e. they propose to reorganise the contents of the courses by increasing the amount of practical classes and reducing the amount of theory classes. They also believe that it is necessary to introduce testing of musical ability at entrance exams for admission into the teacher education studies.
Verwerking van het enquêterecht
Authors: Barbiers D.L.
Published: January 2017

Verwerking van het enquêterecht

In dit artikel worden enkele kanttekeningen geplaatst bij de Cordial-beschikking waarin de Hoge Raad voor de eerste keer besliste dat rechtsverwerking in het enquêterecht toepassing vindt. Verder wordt ingegaan op hoe rechtsverwerking zich verhoudt tot de ontvankelijkheidstermijn van artikel 2:349 lid 1 BW en de belangenafweging van artikel 2:350 BW.
CONTROL AND GRID SYNCHRONIZATION OF TWO LEVEL VOLTAGE SOURCE INVERTER UNDER TEMPORARY VOLTAGE UNBALANCE
Authors: Chmielewski Tomasz
Published: January 2017

This paper presents the operation of grid tied, two level voltage source inverter (VSI) during network voltage unbalance. The control system was implemented in synchronous rotating reference frame dq0 (SRF). Two types of control structures were investigated herein. First utilizes the Double Decoupled SRF Phase-locked loop (DDSRF-PLL) synchronisation with positive and negative sequence currents control. Second one is simplified system that does not provide symmetrical components decomposition and decoupling for synchronisation. Simulation results exhibited a superior performance of the DDSRF-PLL control system under grid voltage unbalance.
EVALUATION OF STRESS IN STEEL STRUCTURES USING ELECTROMAGNETIC METHODS BASED ON UTILIZATION OF MICROSTRIP ANTENNA SENSOR AND MONITORING OF AC MAGNETIZATION PROCESS
Authors: Łopato Przemysław , Psuj Grzegorz , Herbko Michał , Maciusowicz Michał
Published: January 2017

In this paper the results of utilization of electromagnetic methods operating in low and high frequency range for evaluation of stress state and plastic deformation in steel elements are presented. In low frequency range Barkhausen noise and magnetic hysteresis loop method for evaluation of stress level and growth of plastic deformation changes were utilized. The methods allow to monitor parameters related to magnetization process under AC filed. Additionally in this paper the possibility of utilization of high frequency method for estimation of deformation extent (i.e. elongation) caused by stress will be presented. In this experiment the frequency response (the reflection coefficient S11) is measured. The strong relation of antennas resonant frequency to patch dimensions is utilized in order to obtain information about deformation of the sample.
SYSTEM DO POMIARÓW OBCIĄŻENIA WIATREM RUSZTOWAŃ ELEWACYJNYCH
Authors: Sumorek Andrzej
Published: January 2017

W pomiarach środowiskowych dużą grupę stanowią pomiary parametrów powietrza atmosferycznego. Są to najczęściej pomiary ukierunkowane na podstawowe parametry gazów takie jak temperatura, ciśnienie, wilgotność, skład, zanieczyszczenia. Najtrudniejszą grupą pomiarów są precyzyjne pomiary parametrów dynamicznych związanych z ruchem powietrza. W tekście przedstawiono samodzielnie zaprojektowany system do wielopunktowego pomiaru prędkości i ciśnienia powietrza. Przykładowe wyniki działania systemu pomiarowego zamieszczono w końcowej części artykułu.
RWD JAKO NARZĘDZIE OPTYMALIZACJI STRON INTERNETOWYCH
Authors: Ochim Halina , Pańczyk Beata
Published: January 2017

Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy aspektów projektowania i tworzenia responsywnych stron internetowych, niniejszy artykuł poświęcono zagadnieniu optymalizacji portalu internetowego z wykorzystaniem RWD (ang. Responsive Web Design). W artykule przedstawiono identyfikację czynników wpływających na wydajność projektów responsywnych oraz wyniki pomiaru wydajności testowego portalu przed i po optymalizacji.
Time-Domain Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (TD-NMR) and Chemometrics for Determination of Fat Content in Commercial Products of Milk Powder
Authors: Nascimento Paloma Andrade Martins , Barsanelli Paulo Lopes , Rebellato Ana Paula , Pallone Juliana Azevedo Lima , Colnago Luiz Alberto , Pereira Fabíola Manhas Verbi
Published: January 2017

This study shows the use of time-domain (TD)-NMR transverse relaxation (T2) data and chemometrics in the nondestructive determination of fat content for powdered food samples such as commercial dried milk products. Most proposed NMR spectroscopy methods for measuring fat content correlate free induction decay or echo intensities with the sample's mass. The need for the sample's mass limits the analytical frequency of NMR determination, because weighing the samples is an additional step in this procedure. Therefore, the method proposed here is based on a multivariate model of T2 decay, measured with Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill pulse sequence and reference values of fat content. The TD-NMR spectroscopy method shows high correlation (r = 0.95) with the lipid content, determined by the standard extraction method of Bligh and Dyer. For comparison, fat content determination was also performed using a multivariate model with near-IR (NIR) spectroscopy, which is also a nondestructive method. The advantages of the proposed TD-NMR methodare that it (1) minimizes toxic residue generation, (2) performs measurements with high analytical frequency (a few seconds per analysis), and (3) does not require sample preparation (such as pelleting, needed for NIR spectroscopy analyses) or weighing the samples.
Rethinking Valentinianism
Authors: Berno Francesco ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: January 2017

This paper analyses an important Valentinian source, the Tractatus Tripartitus, the last work in the so-called Codex Jung. The main aim of the article is to provide a reading of the text as a whole, high-lighting how the Tractatus Tripartitus might be understood as an attempt to remove the apocalyptic matrix of Valentinian theology. Finally, several essential features of the work are compared with the well-known charges brought against the Gnostics by Plotinus, investigating the possibility of an actual historical relationship between the Tripartite Tractate and the ninth essay of the second Ennead.
La estrella de Belén, presagio y símbolo de la realeza de Cristo
Authors: Mateo Donet María Amparo ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: January 2017

This paper focuses on analyzing the meaning of the appearance of the star at the birth of Christ from the ideological point of view of the ancient citizen. Romans understood this phenomenon as an omen of royalty or future power for the newborn; the Fathers of the Church interpreted it in different ways and attempted to explain it both to Christians as well as to Jews and Pagans.
Una nota sulle donne “diacono” nell’agiografia cipriota dal secolo V al VII
Authors: Arfuch Diego Elias ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: January 2017

Cypriot hagiography attests the presence of women deacons during the 5th and 7th centuries. This paper presents the ordination (ceirotoniva) of these women, and tries to clarify the role of ministry played out in different places on the island (Tamassos, Salamis-Constantia, Soloi), according to three hagiographic testimonies: Acts of Heraclides, Vita Epiphanii, Vita Auxibii.
Sul viaggio dell’anima dopo la morte
Authors: Gaytán Luna Juan Antonio ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: January 2017

This paper analyzes a book on the afterlife, The Ransom of the Soul: Afterlife and Wealth in Early Western Christianity, by the well known scholar Peter Brown, published in English in 2015 and translated into Italian in 2016. The Author proceeds by examining thoroughly Brown’s insights and conclusions.
ANÁLISE CARTOGRÁFICA DA CONCENTRAÇÃO DO CULTIVO DE MANDIOCA NO ESTADO DO PARÁ
Authors: Gusmão Luiz Henrique Almeida , Homma Alfredo Kingo Oyama , Watrin Orlando Dos Santos
Published: January 2017

RESUMO: A representação cartográfica de fenômenos é muito relevante no discurso geográfico, pois o mapa é um instrumento de pesquisa que possibilita novas descobertas, revela padrões, formas, relações e dissimetrias no espaço. Neste trabalho, o software Philcarto foi avaliado como ferramenta de apoio na representação de dados sobre área plantada e produção da cultura da mandioca no Estado do Pará. Para isto, dados estatísticos relativos a esta cultura foram tratados de modo a serem representados sob a forma cartográfica mais adequada. Foi verificado que Nordeste Paraense e Baixo Amazonas foram as principais regiões de plantação e produção de mandioca no Estado do Pará, assim como também registraram as maiores expansões dessa atividade no período considerado. O uso de mapas temáticos foi importante na representação de distribuição, desigualdade e evolução dos componentes da atividade mandioqueira no Estado do Pará.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO EM GEOGRAFIA NA CONSTRUÇÃO DO SABER/FAZER DOCENTE
Authors: Martins Rosa Elisabete Militz Wypyczynski , Tonini Ivaine Maria
Published: January 2017

Resumo: Neste artigo apresentamos parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa que está sendo desenvolvida com o projeto de pesquisa “O Papel do Estágio Supervisionado no Contexto da Formação do Professor de Geografia”, no curso de Geografia da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina – FAED/UDESC, em que o objetivo é investigar a percepção das representações que cada estagiário elaborou durante o estágio, em relação aos alunos, ao professor, à escola, aos outros estagiários de seu grupo e ao próprio estágio. Com base nessas representações, procuramos identificar, através de narrativas, quais saberes os estagiários conseguiram construir durante esse período e caracterizar a singularidade da ação docente a partir da experiência de cada um no período da regência de classe. Para a produção dos dados, foi utilizado as narrativas e as rodas de conversa.Palavras-chaves: Estágio supervisionado; Geografia; Narrativas; Saberes docentes;
A SOCIEDADE CONTRA A ESCOLA – SOBRE UMA ABORDAGEM RADICAL PARA O PROBLEMA DA ESCOLA PÚBLICA.
Authors: Silva Elias Coimbra da
Published: January 2017

O artigo que apresentamos e cujo caráter é eminentemente teórico coloca-se a tarefa de problematizar a ideia de fim da escola ou desescolarização da sociedade. A dificuldade, nesse caso, resulta da natureza complexa dessa instituição, ao lado do que podemos indicar o próprio esfacelamento, de fato, da escola pública no Brasil. Desse modo, iremos, previamente, refletir acerca da função da escola ante a importância do processo de educação e/ou socialização, destacando também o fato de que os anarquistas apontavam a perigosa analogia entre escola e Estado. Contudo, de qual escola se trata? Será a escola um adversário tão ímpio? Ou será que ela pode vir a ser o último recurso de certas camadas da população? Mais do que respostas, propomos aqui perguntas.