bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fault Diagnosis of Wet-Shift Clutch Based on STFT and Wavelet
Authors: Chen Man , Ma Biao
Published: August 2011

The paper analyzes the failure mechanism of the wet shifting clutch, and puts forward the concept that the deformation of the clutch friction plate leads to the irregular collision between the driving and driven sides of disengaged clutch and accordingly forms the transient pulse signal; the short-time Fourier analysis on the vibration signals of failed clutch obtained via test proves such concept. The transient pulse signal in the relatively strong background signal is clearly extracted through the wavelet decomposition after zero setting, and an efficient wet shifting clutch fault diagnosis method is hereby formed.
Research Progress on Application of Magnetic Suspension Balance in Basic Physical Properties Measurement
Authors: Shen Yong , Zhang Yi , Song Yong Chen , Guan Ying Hua , Jian Wei Wei , Zhan Yang Chun
Published: August 2011

Basic physical properties of solutions with high precision are highly needed. The conventional devices can’t meet this demand. However, the magnetic suspension balance (MSB) could solve this problem. This paper summarizes the applications of MSB on the basic physical properties such as density, solubility, diffusion coefficient, adsorption, mass transfer, interfacial tension, specific volume, and so on. There is also a brief introduction about the measurement on fluid viscosity by the MSB after renovation.
Algorithm of Obtaining Maximum Diameter of Ball Mill Using in Semi-Finish Milling for Complex Mold
Authors: Fan Xiao Liang , Hua Guang Ru
Published: August 2011

To select appropriate diameter of ball mill using to remove all step profiles for complex pocket with islands and free form surfaces in semi-finish milling, an algorithm of obtaining the diameter of maximum ball mill is proposed. Based on the character of semi-finish milling, the select criterion is built. After testing the approximate depth per cut for each step profile, the minimum value is used as the threshold to select maximum diameter of ball mill. Case study demonstrated its feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
The Electromagnetic Field Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator Based on ANSYS
Authors: Li Hua , Liu Fang
Published: August 2011

This paper uses ANSYS 10.0 software to analyze and calculate electromagnetic field of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator(PMSG). Verify rationality of magnetic circuit by the results of magnetic flux density and magnetic field intensity; optimize shape of permanent magnet and reduce harmonics quantity by air-gap flux density harmonics analysis, and use value to solve Electromotive Force(EMF). The simulation result proves that the model satisfies the design requirements and can provide theoretical guide for the optimization design of PMSG.
Theory Study on Structure Property of N-Ethyl Morpholinium Ionic Liquid of Different Alkyl Length
Authors: Wang Li Min , Xia Chuan
Published: August 2011

The ionic liquid is a green solvent and catalyst, its application is abroad. By using at density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-31G* levels, The N-ethyl morpholinium ionic liquid with different alkyl length have been studied. The computed results indicate that the ionic liquid formed by ethyl N-ethyl morpholinium and a chlorine ion has nine structures and eighteen positions. Three hydrogen bonds have been formed in each position, the hydrogen bond between chlorine ion and hydrogen atom in morpholinium ring is strongest and shortest. The hydrogen bond between chlorine ion and hydrogen atom in ethyl is weaker, which can strengthen the stability of ion pair. The nine structures of the ionic liquid formed by ethyl N-ethyl morpholinium and a chlorine ion are compared, the ionic liquid of MO1,2NC和MO1,2LC is more stable, the energy released of MO1,2LC is biggest, the energy released of MO1,2NB is smallest. For ethyl N-ethyl morpholinium, propyl N-ethyl morpholinium and butyl N-ethyl morpholinium, as the alkyl length becomes longer, the binding energy between chlorine ion and morpholinium with different alkyl length becomes weaker.
Quantum Three-Qubit Phase Gate Operation by Using an Artificial Atom in a Three-Mode Cavity
Authors: Xia Li Xin , Lei Qian Zhao
Published: August 2011

We propose a scheme for realizing quantum three-qubit phase gate operation, in a three-mode cavity where the large detuned cavity-mode fields interact with the four-level artificial atom of an rf-SQUID in tripod-type configuration. In this scheme, the two lowest levels of the artificial atom represent the two logical states of the target qubit and two cavity-mode states are the control qubits, while the third cavity-mode field serves the gate manipulation. Since only the metastable lower levels are involved in the gate operations, the gate is insensitive to the decay rates of the artificial atom, which makes this scheme advantageous and it is important in view of decoherence.
The Isolator of Industrial Automatic Control System Selection and Application
Authors: Zhang Ji Meng , Wang Hong Shuo , Gan Ben De
Published: August 2011

In the automatic control system of industrial field, the production process monitoring and control process is dependent on Mutual coordination of various automation instrument, computer and corresponding actuators. The coordination is accurate or not, the key is signal transmission quality among those agencies. The application and selection of isolation device directly affect signal transmission. This paper discusses the application and choose of industrial site isolator from isolation principle, the principle and choose for isolator, commissioning and parameter selection based on practical application.
Wind Tunnel Test on Icing on a Straight Blade for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
Authors: Li Yan , Feng Fang , Li Sheng Mao , Tian Wen Qiang , Tagawa Kotaro
Published: August 2011

Icing on blade surface of the wind turbine set in cold regions is a serious problem. To invest the mechanism of icing and ice accretion on blade surface, wind tunnel tests were carried out on a static straight blade used for the straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine by using an icing wind tunnel. The icing and ice accretions on blade surface at some typical angles of attack were observed and recorded in a fixed wind speed and steady flow discharge. The mass of ice accretions on the surface of blade were also measured and compared. At the same time, the drag and lift coefficients were tested by a three-component force balance. Based on the test results, the factors affecting the mass and characteristic of ice accretions and the drag and lift coefficients of the straight blade were discussed.
Design and Finite Element Analysis of Airborne Cloud Liquid Water Sensors
Authors: Liu Qing Quan , Dai Wei , Tang Xiao Wei
Published: August 2011

Airborne cloud liquid water content (CLWC) sensors have been used in weather observation and weather modification for years. However, traditional CLWC sensors are relatively bulky and heavy. Additionally, it is inconvenient to use wind tunnel to calibrate traditional sensors. In order to meet the need of wind tunnel calibration tests, reduce the wind signal interference and reduce the cooling effect of high water content cloud, two new types of hot-wire water meter content sensors are designed in this paper. Using steady-state heat transfer theory, a finite element method is used to simulate temperature distribution of the new water content sensors, including the scenario in which cloud water droplets evaporates as colliding the sensors. In order to minimize sensor error, convection is also considered in the finite element model. Through the numerical analysis of the two new types of hot-wire water content sensors, it is concluded that the sensors designed in this work are able to reduce the wind interference error and extend the CLWC measurement range of the instrument.
Quantitative Relationship of Electro-Optic Characteristics in AC Corona Discharge under Different Voltage and Humidity
Authors: Tong Xiao Xiao , Yuan Yong Gang , Wu Li Gang , Liang Shuai Wei , Lin Ming Hui , Ma Li Jun , Liu Peng , Xu Tie Feng
Published: August 2011

In recent years, more attention is given to solar blind ultraviolet (SBUV) detection in corona discharge detection and defect diagnosis of partial discharge has been widely used. However, there are still such key techniques should be further studied such as electro-optic characteristics and the quantitative relationship between corona current and UV emission intensity in the process of corona discharge. With different AC voltage and different humidity, corona current and UV pulses are measured. It is shown that corona current and pulse number rise with the voltage mounting up, and decline very weakly with humidity increasingly. In addition, further discusses about the quantitative relationship between electro-optic parameters is implemented by using transfer function. The experiment results, under the conditions of different AC voltage and different humidity, indicate that transfer function maintained between 2.00 to 4.25 changes little, varied no more than 52.9%. UV pulse number, therefore, can be used to characterize corona current intensity. The conclusions above are significant for characterizing the level of corona discharge directly by UV emission intensity, and they are helpful for improving the accuracy of defect diagnosis.
Noise Analysis for Simple Lidar Detecting Wake Profiles Based on Bubble Laser Backscattering at 180°
Authors: Su Li Ping , Zhao Wei Jiang , Ren De Ming , Chen Shu Yan
Published: August 2011

Simple lidar detecting wake profiles based on laser backscattering by wake bubbles at 180° is firstly introduced. Then the various noises of this simple lidar, including the background light, power frequency of 50Hz and its harmonics, radio frequency noise and inherent noise within the electronic system, are analyzed in detailed, and the relationship of the minimum detectable signal power and the echo signal power is discussed. Finally, under the condition of satisfying the noise level, the data processing method of wake profiles is given. For this method, the power spectral density estimation method is used to process the bubble laser scattering signal and cubic spline interpolation is used to obtain contour map of wake profile. The results show that the data processing method of wake profiles meets the noise level and the obtained contour map is reasonable.
Calibration of an Industry Robot and External Axle Based on Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Wang Yang , Huang Jin , Wu De Feng , Ma Zi
Published: August 2011

In this study, a calibration method to determine the coordinate transformation between the robot tool and the external axle worktable based on ant colony optimization algorithm is discussed. The approach can be divided into three different steps. Firstly, the transformation relationship between the robot wrist and the contact position sensor tool is calibrated. Secondly, the transformation relationship between the robot tool and the external axle worktable is determined by the robot and the contact position sensor joint measurement system. Finally, ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is employed to optimize the key parameters to improve the system accuracy. Based on the presented method, the robot system with external axle is calibrated with successful results. The presented approach is validated to be effective via a real experiment.
A Novel Faint Signal Processing Method for Sensitivity Improvement of Pump/Probe-Based LG/LD SAW Spectroscopy System
Authors: Bai Mao Sen , Fu Xing , Dorantes Dante , Jin Bao Yin , Hu Xiao Tang
Published: August 2011

A novel faint signal processing method based on phase-lock amplification principle is developed to enhance the sensitivity of pump/probe-based laser generated and laser detected surface acoustic waves (LG/LD SAW) spectroscopy system. This novel method involves a “dead zone” filter located before a common phase-lock amplification unit, which wipes off most of the noise stacked on SAW signal. This paper explored the working principle of this novel signal processing method based on the knowledge of the characteristics of the system noise and the signal. The experiment result shows that the detection system’s sensitivity has been dramatically improved by this new signal processing method.
Research on the Utilization of AR Coating to Improve the LED Luminous Efficiency
Authors: Gao Huai Ju , Yu Li Yuan , Niu Ping Juan
Published: August 2011

The main content of this paper is to conduct the structure design of the surface AR coating used to improve the LED luminous efficiency, and study the different structural parameters of AR coating under different circumstances. Use transfer matrix method to simulate and calculate the optical character of different surface structures of AlGaInP LED, and then carry out the simulation on the data. Besides, it also considers the impact of gradient layer on the transmission rate of film and designs the parameters that are close to the experimental conditions.
Electrochemical DNA Biosensor for the Detection of Short DNA Species by Using Compound Co(phen)32+
Authors: Zhou Cun , Cheng Bo Wen , Fan Xiao Ping , Dai Zhao , Zheng Guo , Zhang Qing Yin , Chen Guang Ping
Published: August 2011

The application of electrochemical techniques for DNA detection is motivated by their potential to detect hybridization events in a more rapid, simplistic and cost-effective manner compared to conventional methods. Here, we present an electrochemical DNA biosensor for the specific and quantitative detection of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). Probe oligonucleotides were immobilized onto gold electrodes by a 5′ end thiol-group linker. Following hybridization with the complementary DNA, the cobalt complex was electrochemically accumulated on the double-stranded DNA layer and the differential pulse voltammogram (DPV) for this electrode gave an electrochemical signal due to the redox reaction of [Co(phen)3]2+/3+ that was bound to the double-stranded DNA on the electrode, and it can sense single base-pair mismatche within the sequence of the hybridized double-stranded DNA (dsDNA).
Isobaric Vapor Liquid Equilibrium (VLE) Data of the Systems Ethylene Glycol-Glycerol and 1,2-Propylene Glycol-Ethylene Glycol at 20Pa
Authors: Zhang Jin Wei , Bai Peng , Zhang Wen
Published: August 2011

Vapor liquid equilibria (VLE) of two binary mixtures (ethylene glycol + glycerol and 1,2-propylene glycol + ethylene glycol) were measured at 20Pa. The experimental data satisfy the thermodynamic consistency by Herington method. The vapor phase can be considered as ideal phase, while the non-ideality of the liquid phase was symbolized by Wilson and NRTL activity coefficient models. The experimental data were regressed and correlated by nonlinear least square method of Matlab optimization toolbox. It is found that under the medium vacuum the relative deviations between experimental data and calculated results by the activity coefficient models for low and moderate pressures are larger than 50%. Hence a cubic polynomial regarding the molar composition of liquid phase as the correction of the models was proposed and used in regression to get the interaction parameters. The results showed that the relative deviations between calculated and experimental data are smaller than 1%. The corrected models can provide a calculation basis or data reference for medium vacuum distillation.
The Content Determination of Strongly Acidic Alkyl Phosphate with the Method of Potentiometric Titration
Authors: Wang Qi , Zheng Guo , Sun Yu , We Xue Jing , Ai Jian Jie
Published: August 2011

The alkyl phosphate prepared by phosphorus oxychloride and fatty alcohol contained a large amount of hydrochloric acid but no chloride. So the content of phosphate mono- and diester couldn’t be determined by conventional method. In this paper the content of hydrochloric acid was determined by potentiometric titration at first, and then the conventional method can be used to detect the content of mono- and diester and phosphoric acid. In this way each component of the alkyl phosphate can be ascertained accurately. The method was verified simply and conveniently by verification test that could avoid extraction, recrystalli- zation and other cockamamie operation. It also had stronger application and good reproducibility.
Study on Biodegradation of Corn Straw
Authors: Lu Lun Wen
Published: August 2011

In our country, corn straw is byproduct of agricultural products and its output is quite great. So, through microbial technology, degradation of corn straw which has high fiber and lignin has important economical values and environmental significance. This paper summarizes general regulations of biodegradation of corn straw, through several main microflora.
Laser Surface Strengthening on Module Steel
Authors: Zhang Guo Ping
Published: August 2011

Whether laser surface strengthening on module steel can have an effect on intensity, shock resistance and wearing resistance. Through analysis of different materials with different laser methods, this paper uses high-power carbon dioxide lasers to process the work of strengthening laser on CrWMn, conduct structural analysis and test on laser hardening layer, through data and figure, demonstrate that primary structure of the matrix is obviously detailed after processing and the intensity is obviously strengthened. After laser surface melting on H13, we find that the surface flawless, smooth, even and fine, highly intense and non-corrosive.
Semi-Continuous Reactive Batch Distillation for Production of Methyl Formate
Authors: Li Ying , Qu Hong Mei , Tian Ye , Song Shuang , Bai Peng
Published: August 2011

Reaction kinetics of the esterification of Methyl Formate (MF) is studied in a batch reactor at different temperatures and the reliability of the estimated parameters is analyzed with Matlab using a fourth order Runge-Kutta method in the paper. Kinetic constants were experimentally examined and used to calculate the optimal operation parameters of semi-continuous reactive distillation for production of MF in order to minimize the amount of unconverted Formic Acid (FA) remained in the bottom. The results show that the optimal condition is obtained at the formic acid/methanol mole ratio of 0.5:1 and the mass fraction of formic acid at the bottom is 2% which is very close to the calculated value. Simulation work was carried out with Matlab and the results showed good agreement with the experimental data.
Synthesis of PEG200 Lauric Acid Diester and the Performance Test of Viscosity
Authors: Chen Tong Yu , Liu Yan Jun , Zheng Guo , Sun Yu
Published: August 2011

A novel PEG200 lauric acid diester was synthesized high yield by direct esterification using polyethylene glycol and lauric acid respectively was presented in this work. The product of PEG200 lauric acid diester was characterized by a fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR). The effects of catalyst, reaction time, reaction temperature and molar ratio on the reaction were discussed. The optimum synthetic condition of PEG200 lauric acid diester: esynthesis is based on protection of N2and the ressure is 0.08Mpa. Using mass fraction 0.45% in p-toluene sulphonic acid as catalyst, molar ratio of polyethylene glycol and oleic acid 1:1.95, reaction temperature about 130-140°C, and reaction time 9-10h. The results of testing of diester products showed that the yield of PEG200 lauric acid diester is 98.2%.And this article reviewed the effect of concentration on viscosity. The characteristic curve of Viscosity-Concentration showed the viscosity increased with increase of the concentration which brought about the increase of particle size. Especially focusing on the maximum viscosity appeard on 80% because of the phenomenon of reverse micelles. Then the viscosity decreased with increase of the concentration.
Fractal Prediction Model of Friction Coefficient in Dry Friction Pair
Authors: Zhou Jun Jie , Yuan Shi Hua , Wei Chao
Published: August 2011

To research the friction coefficient of rough surface under different contact loads. A mathematical model is proposed between the fractal parameters D and G and the non-dimensional real contact area based on M-B fractal contact model, surface profile curves are scanned by APE500 surface morphology, dimension change index k and size change index s are identified in tests, the model is verified on UMT-3 pin-on-disk wear apparatus. Results showed that the modeling method relying on limiting cases is feasible, this model could improve prediction accuracy of friction coefficient, and the experimental results are consistent with the theoretical prediction.
Pattern Recognition of the Steel Rod Based on Artificial Neural Network and SVM
Authors: Sun Hong Chun
Published: August 2011

The steel rod is an important part for project fields , and it is large-scale to be used. it is apt to crack, corrosion and so on in the poor working conditions. In order to recognize correctly the type of defects, a method was presented to extract frequency band energy feature by using wavelet package decomposition. In the meantime, to extract the peak-peak value in the time-domain and make the mixed feature vector. With the way of pattern recognition, the best recognition way was got by comparing the BP artificial neural network(ANN), PNN(probability neural network) artificial neural network and "one-versus-one" support vector machine(SVM).The result showed that the recognition rate of SVM was more suitable for defects’ identification in steel rod.
Efficient Terahertz Surface-Emitted Difference Frequency Generation in Periodically-Inverted GaAs Crystals
Authors: Rao Zhi Ming , He Zhi Fang , Du Jian Qiang
Published: August 2011

We explore the terahertz (THz) wave generation based on surface-emitted difference frequency generation (SEDFG) in periodically-inverted GaAs crystals. One scheme applying collinear quasi phase matching (QPM) is proposed. The wave propagation of the higher frequency pump wave is parallel to the wave propagation of the lower frequency pump wave, and both of them are perpendicular to the domain wall of the nonlinear crystal. The THz wave is emitted perpendicular to the surface of the nonlinear crystal. We calculated the grating period of periodically-inverted GaAs at the range of 100-1000μm (0.3-3THz). Our estimates illustrate that THz wave output corresponds to the power conversion efficiency of 0.015% at a frequency of 1THz. The result is shown that this scheme is efficient to obtain THz wave.
Cloning, Expression and Characterization of β-Glucosidase from L. Delbrueckii Subsp. Delbrueckii in Escherichia coli
Authors: Zhao Xiu Hong , Zeng Jie , Gao Hai Yan , Li Chang Biao , Liu Chang Jiang
Published: August 2011

Gene encoding β-glucosidase was amplified through PCR by using the genome DNA extracted from L .delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii as a template. The gene encoding β-glucosidase was inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a(+) and expressed in E.coli strain BL21(DE3). The gene encoding β-glucosidase was of 1380bp. The nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding β-glucosidase from L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii showed as high as 97.9% homology comparing with that from L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus indicating that the gene encoding β-glucosidase is highly conservative. The enzyme activity was about 34U/mg and the molecular weight of β-glucosidase is about 51 kDa analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Influences of the Compatibility between the Polymer and Solvent on Ordered Microporous Structure Formation by Water Droplets Templating
Authors: Han Xu Tong , Wang Li Hua , Liu Yan Hua
Published: August 2011

Some kinds of solvents were utilized to investigate the influences of the compatibility between the polymers and their solvent on formation of honeycomb patterns. Polyphenylene Oxide (PPO), Poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and Poly (L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLLGA) were dissolved in different solvents to form porous films. It was found that the good compatibility between the polymers and their solvents was beneficial to the formation of regular structures. Moreover, several solvents were fixed to form a serial of mixed-solvents which had different compatibility with the polymer, such as C2HCl3-CH2Cl2 mixed-solvent. These mixed-solvents were used to investigate in detail how the change of the compatibility between the polymer and its solvent influence the morphography of the polymer film. The result showed that, excluding the affection of the solvents’ evaporation rate, the pattern became more regular along with the improvement of the compatibility between the polymer and its solvent.
2-(2'- Chloro Phenyl)- 5- (2'-Hydroxyl Phenyl)-1,3,4-Oxadiazole as a Florescent Probe for DNA Determination
Authors: Ding Mei , Lei Ying Jie , Jie Ou Yang
Published: August 2011

In recent years, fluorescence spectrometry was widely used in quantitative determination of DNA. In this paper, a convenient synthesis of a new fluorescent 2-(2'- Chloro phenyl)- 5- (2'- hydroxyl phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (HOXD) was realized. Experimental data showed that fluorescence of HOXD could be quenched by DNA and the decreased fluorescence intensity of HOXD resulting from fluorescence quenching is proportional to DNA concentrations suggesting that HOXD could be used as a new fluorescent probe for quantitative determination of DNA. Optimal experimental conditions for DNA analysis were also studied in the paper.
Photonic Logic Gate Design Based on Frequency-Sensitive Optical Response of an EIT Photonic Crystal
Authors: Liau Teh Chau , Wu Jin Jei , Shen Jian Qi , Yang Tzong Jer
Published: August 2011

The frequency-sensitive optical response due to two-photon resonance of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a tunable band structure of an EIT-based layered medium is considered. The unit cells of this periodic layered structure are composed of dielectric (e.g., GaAs) and EIT atomic vapor. The frequency-sensitive behavior of controllable reflectance and transmittance depending on the external control field can be applicable to new device design (e.g., it can serve as the fundamental working mechanism for photonic switches and photonic logic gates). Some two-input logic gates (e.g., OR and NAND gates) are designed based on the present effect of sensitive switching control that results from the two-photon resonance.
Research in the Workflow Engine Based on Micro Kernel
Authors: Hou Zhi Song , Yu Zhou , Zheng Wei , Zuo Xian Gang
Published: August 2011

With the analysis of existing workflow engine based on monolithic kernel, a workflow engine which is based on micro kernel is designed. Service implementation and activity scheduling are separated by the engine, and then the micro kernel layer is independent and stable. All this decreased cost of engine reconstruction and difficulty of maintenance; the engine is constructed by component-based development techniques and finite state machine, which reduce the coupling between system components and increase the flexibility of workflow engine.
Advances on the Extraction and Separation Technologies in Tea Aroma Components Research
Authors: Gao Kun Yang , Huang Xiao Feng , Yang Yong , Yang Lei , Xia Qi Dong , Wei Yan Fu , Zhou Tao , Qin Yang Song
Published: August 2011

Study on the tea aroma components is greatly significant, which are important factors in tea quality valuation.In recent years, nine main methods are under consideration：simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction, vacuum distillation extraction, steam distillation under reduced pressure, headspace analysis, solid-phase micro-extractions, headspace solid-phase micro-extractions, tea liquid absorption, supercritical fluid extraction and electronic nose. Meanwhile, advantages and disadvantages of each method were analyzed, in order to conduct technological guidance on the extraction and separation technologies in tea aroma components and provide a theoretical basis in improvement of each method.
Measurement of Wall Thinning through Insulation with Ferromagnetic Cladding Using Pulsed Eddy Current Testing
Authors: Xu Zhi Yuan , Wu Xin Jun , Huang Chen , Kang Yi Hua
Published: August 2011

Pulsed eddy current (PEC) technique has been successfully used for measuring wall thinning of carbon steel equipments without removal of the insulation. In field applications, the probe performance decreases in presence of ferromagnetic claddings. This paper presents a method based on saturation magnetization to solve this problem. The main principle of this method is to weaken the magnetic shielding effect of the cladding by magnetizing it to saturation. A U-shaped magnetizer is designed to realize this method. Contrast experiments are performed on a Q235 steel plate covered by a galvanized steel cladding. The experiment results show that the thickness measurement range and lift-off range are increased by applying this method to the common PEC probe.
Model Reference Adaptive Control for Magnetorheological Damper Subjected to High Impact Load
Authors: Hu Hong Sheng , Wang Juan
Published: August 2011

Using the developed hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform for weapon system under impact load excitation and a novel large-scale single-ended MR damper without the accumulator, impact tests for the special designed long-stroke magnetorheological recoil damper were done and its dynamic performances under different impact loads and input current were examined in this paper. Model of damping force was established by using the model reference adaptive control method. Its dynamic performances of MR damper under model reference adaptive control strategies were analyzed by numerical simulations and tests. Experimental results show that the model reference adaptive control method could reduce its peak value of recoil damping force to 27.33% and its peak value of stroke to 48.75%, and its adjustability of damping force could be well applied for its impact resistance design of gun recoil mechanism.
Material Flow Estimation of Deep-Drawn Product by Using Finite-Element Simulation
Authors: Kotani Yuji , Watari Hisaki , Watanabe Akihiro
Published: August 2011

The approach to total weight reduction has been a key issue for car manufacturers as they cope with more and more stringent requirements for fuel economy. In sheet metal forming, local increases in product-sheet thickness effectively contribute to reducing the total product weight. Products could be designed more efficiently if a designer could predict and control the thickness distribution of formed products. This paper describes a numerical simulation and evaluation of the material flow in local thickness increments of products formed by an ironing process. In order to clarify the mechanism of the local increase in sheet thickness, a 3-D numerical simulation of deep drawing and ironing was performed using finite-element simulation. The effects of various types of finite elements that primarily affect thickness changes in original materials and thickness prediction were investigated. It was found that the sheet-thickness distribution could be predicted if the original material was relatively thick and if an appropriate type of finite element is selected.
Numerical Simulation for Relationship between Vortex Evolution and Diffusion of Aerosol in Human Mouth-Throat Model
Authors: Li Fu Sheng , Sun Dong , Xu Xin Xi , Zhao Xiu Guo , Tan Shu Lin
Published: August 2011

The research on the relationship between vortex evolution and diffusion of aerosol in human upper respiratory tract can deepen understanding of the characteristics of the particle deposition pattern in human upper respiratory tract and plays a very important role in analyzing the transition of aerosol in human upper respiratory tract. Large eddy simulation and an efficient Lagrangian particle tracking module were used to simulate relationship between vortex evolution and diffusion of aerosol in mouth-throat model in the conditions of the low intensive respiratory, and the vortex evolution and the mechanism of aerosol transition in human mouth-throat model were discussed. The results show that the diffusion of small aerosol particles follow the vortex structure very closely; the capabilities of the vortex for carrying aerosol particle increase with increase in vorticity, which can affect the diffuseness and deposition of the particles.
Research and Practice of New Gas Sensors Based Materials on Internet of Things
Authors: Qin Song , Qu Lu , Wei Dong , Zhang Bao Cai , Qiu Nan Wan
Published: August 2011

The development of Internet of Things has led to a sharp rise in demand for sensors. Users require that sensors can collect information from the Internet of Things in a timely and accurate way. In response to the present situation that there are only a few varieties of gas components-based materials in the application of Internet of Things. According to the new viewpoint that energy gap Eg> 2ev materials are likely to be used to develop thin film gas sensors, we have succeeded in preparing quality thin film gas sensors Fe2O3/2%CeO2and TiO2/2%CeO2by using the method of powder sputtering. Based on the concept of metal oxide Eg chemical bonds, we have successfully prepared ZnSnO3and other composite gas sensor-based materials. All these are significant in guiding the development of new gas sensor-based materials for Internet of Things sensors. This paper focuses on what we have done and how we have down in new gas sensors based materials research and practice of Internet of Things
Study on CA-Based Quality Prediction Model of Internal Cracks in Continuous Casting Billet
Authors: Liu Wen Hong , Xie Zhi , Jia Guang Lin
Published: August 2011

In continuous casting, it is very important to predict and detect the internal cracks of billet in time for ensuring continuous production, improving product quality and reducing production costs. In this paper, Clustering analysis method is adopted to do feature extraction and classification for on-site data, by which ladder parameter tables of processing parameters and defect grades of internal cracks are got. Fault tree analysis (FTA) method is adopted to analyze the effects of processing parameters on internal cracks. The solidification speed of billet is calculated by solidification heat-transfer model. Quality prediction model of internal cracks in continuous casting billet is established by quality prediction function, based on clustering analysis model of on-site data, FTA model and solidification heat-transfer model. Some samples of Steel Grade 1008 are selected for testing the quality prediction model. The percentage of accuracy for the quality prediction is 80 percent, which provides the foundation for industry application.
The Research of the Improvement of Iris Location of the Sobel Algorithm
Authors: Li Shi Ping , Dong Xin
Published: August 2011

An improved sobel algorithm is proposed for the iris location algorithm,solving the problem of large amount of computation in standard iris location algorithm as well as location impreciseness.According to the geometric character of human eyes for iris location,select purposely the special region of sub-image as the target region, then apply the edge detection,projection for rough location,then use the improved sobel algorithm to fine position.This improved sobel algorithm not only use the advantages of the original algorithm,but also make sobel algorithms only to detect circle.Improve the accuracy of iris location and make more accurate positioning.Experimental results showed that the algorithm with less computational can be accurately positioned inside and outside the boundary of the iris.
3D Model Based Machining Process Planning
Authors: Zhao Jie , Zhang Ding Hua , Chang Zhi Yong
Published: August 2011

The wide application on fields of designing and NC programming based on 3D model of part not only provide the supporting for applying 3D based process planning, but also raise the challenge for the design capability of 3D based process planning. The 3D based process is not just replacing 3D process drawing with 3D model, it is concerned with schemas of designing, managing information applying of process. This paper presents a novel architecture of modeling process information in 3D scene, the 3D based architecture proposed manages process information on the base of geometries and serial changes, which reflect machining operations applied to part, of geometry of part from raw material to final part and comprises such three sub-modules as manufacturing features, 3D model based processes and manufacturing resources. A methodology is exploited aiming at reducing overload of 3D modeling for process planner and keeping the consistency among 3D working procedure models when inevitable process change occurred, then a related algorithm is detailed in which the process decision information retrieved from the technician is transformed automatically to geometrical information to generate 3D working procedure model. Several typical applying of 3D based process consisting of Recognition and analysis of technology dimension chain based on 3D serial model, NC programming for CMM and analysis of feasibility of process are discussed and a prototype is demonstrated to verifying validity of the architecture and the methodology.
Displacement Back Analysis Based on Return Mapping Algorithm and Differential Evolution Algorithm
Authors: Wang Jun Xiang , Jiang An Nan
Published: August 2011

Differential evolution algorithm is a new global optimization algorithm. DE does not require an initial value, and it has rapid convergence, strong adaptability to a nonlinear function, the features of parallelcalculation, especially in adoption to the complex problem of multivariable optimization. The constitutive integration algorithm affecting the incremental calculation step, and convergence and accuracy of the results is a key of finite element analysis. It is usually divided into an explicit and implicit integration. Return mapping algorithm is an implicit integration to avoid solving the equivalent plastic strain directly so that we achieve a fast and accurate solution for the constitutive equations. Making use of DE and return mapping algorithm to program, the elasticplastic finite element simulation and parameter inversion, the inversion and simulation results are verificated, the results show that it is closed to the actual situation, indicating usefulness and correctness of the program.
Relative Thermal Contrast Analysis in the Inspection of Wind Turbine Blades Using Pulsed Thermography
Authors: Zeng Zhi , Tao Ning , Feng Li Chun , Li Ye Shu , Zhang Cun Lin
Published: August 2011

The rotor blade is an important component in wind turbine generator, it consists of glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) and sandwich areas containing wood or plastic foam, different defects may be generated because of manufacturing problem. To improve the safety of wind turbine blades, pulsed thermography is being investigated in this study. Surface defects, such as air bubbles, edge bonding, etc. were easily and clearly detected on several full scale blades. Several specimens were manufactured to simulate the adhesive conditions between supporting spar and GFRP shells. The direct analysis of the original, 1stor 2ndderivatives was normally applied to judge any possible defects in the measured sample, and also used in quantitatively calculation. This study compared the relative thermal contrast (RTC) of the original and 1stderivative for air bubbles at shallow depth and deficiency adhesive bonding at deep depth, the calculation of the RTC could give us the approximate best time to analysis defects of different depth and types. The comparison also indicated that it is better to use the 1stderivative than the original to analysis the deep defects, however, there is no significant advantage in the analysis of shallow defects between the original and 1stderivative.
A Non-Destructive Testing Based on Electromagnetic Measurements and Neural Networks for the Inspection of Concrete Structures
Authors: de Alcantara Naasson P. , Costa Danilo C. , Guedes Diego S. , Sartori Ricardo V. , Bastos Paulo S. S.
Published: August 2011

This paper presents a new non-destructive testing (NDT) for reinforced concrete structures, in order to identify the components of their reinforcement. A time varying electromagnetic field is generated close to the structure by electromagnetic devices specially designed for this purpose. The presence of ferromagnetic materials (the steel bars of the reinforcement) immersed in the concrete disturbs the magnetic field at the surface of the structure. These field alterations are detected by sensors coils placed on the concrete surface. Variations in position and cross section (the size) of steel bars immersed in concrete originate slightly different values for the induced voltages at the coils.. The values ​​for the induced voltages were obtained in laboratory tests, and multi-layer perceptron artificial neural networks with Levemberg-Marquardt training algorithm were used to identify the location and size of the bar. Preliminary results can be considered very good.
Measurement System for Non-Cylinder Pin Hole of Piston
Authors: Yang Z. Y. , Liu D. H. , Yang F. , Xie Z. G. , Huang Y.
Published: August 2011

Aim to the low measuring precision of non-cylinder pin hole using the coordinate measuring machine(CMM)and pneumatic measuring instrument, a new solution is proposed which use the high-precision digital lever probe to detect the contours of pin hole with a single clamping situation. The measuring principal of non-cylinder pin hole of piston is introduced and the functions and measuring processes of the measurement system are also presented. The software modules are given and the probe centering error and the parallelism movement error are discussed detailedly. A measuring example is given in the end. The measuring results show that the measurement system has the ability to detect the contours of pin hole with high-precision and efficiently.
Young’s Modulus Detection for Ultra-Thin Film by LSAWs Technique with Wavelet and FIR Filter De-Noising
Authors: Shan Xing Meng , Xiao Xia , Sun Yuan
Published: August 2011

Laser-generated surface acoustic waves (LSAWs) technique is a feasible method to determine the Young’s modulus of thin films. The raw surface acoustic wave (SAW) signals detected from the experimental system are often contaminated by external noises. A novel de-noising method is proposed in this paper with wavelet and FIR filter. The wavelet threshold de-noising is essential to reduce the high frequency noise components in the raw SAW signals, while FIR filter can remove the useless low frequency noises. The useful bandwidth of the detected signal ranges from 50 to 190 MHz. Young’s modulus of the detected samples can be obtained by matching the experimental dispersive curves with the theoretical calculated ones via an improved least square fitting method. The Young’s moduli of four low dielectric constant (low-k) samples detected in the measurement are 7.1, 6.8, 1.1 and 1.0 GPa, respectively.
Modal Parameter Validation in Coupled Vibro-Acoustical System
Authors: Xu Yi Feng , Wang Jun
Published: August 2011

The aim of this paper is to validate the modal parameters used in coupled structural finite element and acoustic boundary element algorithm to analysis the structure subjected to diffuse acoustic field. The theoretical deduction of non-symmetric coupled vibro-acoustical modal analysis was introduced firstly. In order to verify the modal truncation frequency how to affect the simulation results, based on the reciprocity theorem used in coupled FE-BE model, three different truncation frequency conditions were performed. The contrastive results show that twice the upper calculation frequency as the truncated modal frequency can make the simulation effectively and efficiently.
Research on the Quantitative Analysis of Subsurface Defects for Nondestructive Testing by Ultrasound Lock-In Thermography
Authors: Liu Jun Yan , Tang Qing Ju , Wang Yang
Published: August 2011

This paper describes the quantitative analysis of the shape, boundary, and depth of subsurface defects by ultrasound lock-in thermography. The phase difference between defective areas and non-defective areas illustrates the qualitative analysis of the shape and the boundary of the subsurface defect. In order to accurately estimate the shape, boundary and depth of the defects, the optimal threshold value method is proposed to identify the shape and boundary of the subsurface defects based on the canny operator of image processing. A self–adaption artificial neural network (ANN) with Takagi-Sugeno modeling is proposed to determine the depth of the subsurface defect. Experimental results for a steel plate with artificial subsurface defects show good agreement with actual values.
Land Subsidence Detection by PSInSARTM Based on TerraSAR-X Images
Authors: Jia Hong Liang , Yu Bing , Zhang Rui , Sang Ming Zhi
Published: August 2011

Land subsidence in urban area is becoming a severe geological hazard disturbing the urban construction and development. Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PSInSAR) technique has demonstrated a good capability of monitoring the large scale land deformation. High resolution and short wave radar data can help to improve the precision of deformation detection based on PSInSAR. In this paper, 15 scenes of TerraSAR-X SAR data are used to derive the estimation of the subsidence rate in the Wuqing district, Tianjin city in China. The combination of TIN and nearest-connection method (NCM) are first used to establish the differential network model. The results show that high resolution TX image can dramatically increase the valid PSs and improve investigation reliability, especially in linear man-made constructs.
Transient Analysis of Plane Wave Reflection from a Lorentz Half Space
Authors: Zeng Qing Sheng , Delisle Gilles Y.
Published: August 2011

A time domain technique based on numerical inversion of Laplace transform is extended and applied to transient analysis of pulses reflected from a Lorentz half space both for TE and TM cases. Its correctness and effectiveness are validated by comparing our results with those published in the literature. With this technique, the TM case when the incident angle is equal to 450 does not need to be processed separately and can be treated as a general case for any incident angle. This technique brings good accuracy in both late and early time, a simple algorithm, short calculation time, small required memory size and readily controlled error.
A Watermarking Algorithm for Relational Database Based on Image
Authors: Ji Guang Cui , Lin Zhen Rong , Li Jian Min
Published: August 2011

According to the particularity of relational databases, a new watermarking relational database based on image is proposed combined with the existing digital watermarking technique. Watermark image is scrambled using Arnold transform first, and then numeric attributes satisfying the requirement of the effective bits in relational database are partitioned using the K-Means algorithm, at last the binary 3-bit-set sequences of watermark image are embedded into the clusters. Experiment indicates that the algorithm possesses better robustness and invisibility and better practical value.
Research on Polyvinylidene Fluoride Hollow Fiber Hemodialyzers
Authors: Guo Jian Hui , Zhang Juan , Lü Xiao Long
Published: August 2011

Hemodialysis is the main treatment of acute and chronic renal failure, and the selection of hemodialysis membrane materials is the key factor that determines the curative possibilities. By changing the membrane forming conditions, we have spun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membranes with the same inner diameters but different wall thicknesses. Via centrifugal moulding, we have also made membranes into dialyzers to study the mechanical performance of the membranes and the dialysis performance of the dialyzers. The results show that the mechanical performance meets the demand of dialysis. For the dialyzers with 30μm fiber walls, the clearance rates of urea and lysozyme are 90% and 75% respectively, and the rejection rate of bovine serum albumin (BSA) comes to 90% plus. The increase of the mass content of the dope solution polyethylene glycol (PEG) from 19% to 22% decreases the rejection rate of BSA.