bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of the combination of exhaled nitric oxide and blood eosinophil count in the diagnosis of asthma in China
Authors: Li Jiang-hua , Han Rui , Wang Yu-bo , Cheng Min , Chen Heng-yi , Lei Wen-hui , Li Li , Gao Chen , Zhao Na-na , Nie Nai-fu , Deng Bo , Yin Guo-qing , Huang Shuai , He Yong
Published: October 2020

BackgroundTests to identify reversible airflow limitation are important in asthma diagnosis, but they are time-consuming and may be difficult for patients to cooperate. We aim to evaluate the predictive value of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and blood eosinophil (B-Eos) count in asthma diagnosis, and to distinguish patients who could avoid reversibility testing.MethodsWe screened 7463 suspected asthma cases between January 2014 and December 2019 in Chongqing, China, and identified 2349 patients with complete FeNO, B-Eos count, and spirometry data. Of these, 824 were diagnosed with asthma via a positive bronchial-provocation or bronchodilation test.ResultsWhen FeNO and B-Eos counts were used in combination, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for diagnosing asthma increased (0.768 vs. 0.745 or 0.728; both P < 0.001). The odds ratio for having asthma increased progressively with a gradual increase in FeNO or B-Eos count (both P < 0.001). Further analysis of in-series combinations of different threshold values for these biomarkers indicated that moderately elevated biomarker levels (FeNO > 40 ppb and B-Eos > 300 cells/μl) support a diagnosis of asthma because diagnostic specificity was > 95% and the positive likelihood ratio (PLR) was > 10. This conclusion was verified when selecting the data from 2017 to 2019 as the verification cohort.ConclusionThe combination of FeNO and B-Eos count can improve diagnostic efficacy for asthma. Patients with moderately elevated biomarkers (FeNO > 40 ppb and B-Eos > 300 cells/μl) could be diagnosed with asthma.
The Deficiency of Maged1 Attenuates Parkinson's Disease Progression by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Enhancing Autophagy in Mice
Authors: Wang Jie , You Wei-Yan , Ye Qing , Zhang Jia-Qi , He Chuan , Qi Cui , Liu Rui , Gao Xiang , Lu Ming , Hu Gang , Gao Jun
Published: October 2020

Background: Melanoma-associated antigen D1 (Maged1) is expressed in most adult tissues, predominantly in the brain, and has critical functions in the central nervous system in both developmental and adult stages. Loss of Maged1 in mice has been linked to depression, cognitive disorder, circadian rhythm, and drug addiction. However, the role of Maged1 in Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains unclear.Methods: Immunostaining was performed to investigate the expression of Maged1 in the samples from mice and human. To make the acute mice model of PD, C57BL/6 mice and Maged1 knockout mice were injected with 20 mg/kg 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) four times, every 2-hour intervals. SY5Y cells were treated by 200 μM 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+). To examine motor balance and coordination, the rotarod test and pole test were used. Then we further investigated the role of Maged1 deficiency in DA neurons by high-performance liquid chromatography, immunohistochemistry, western blot, CCK8 assay, and gene transfection in vivo or in vitro.Results: Maged1 was expressed in DA neurons of samples from mice and human. And the expression of Maged1 was time-dependently upregulated by the treatment with MPTP or MPP+ in vivo or in vitro. Knockout of Maged1 in mice partly rescued the motor deficits and the reduced levels of striatal dopamine and its metabolites by MPTP treatment. Moreover, Maged1 deficiency protected primary DA neurons and differentiated ReNcell VM cells from MPP+ toxicity. Furthermore, along with the overexpression or downregulation of Maged1 in cultured SH-SY5Y cells, the reduced the cell viability by MPP+ treatment was relatively aggerated or attenuated. The effect of Maged1 deficiency may be attributed to the upregulated Akt signaling pathway and the downregulated mTOR signaling pathway, which further attenuated the MPTP or MPP+ -induced cell apoptosis and impairment of autophagy. Consistent with the above data, the degeneration of midbrain and striatum among 15-m Maged1 knockout mice was relatively mild compared to those in 15-m wild-type mice under physiological conditions.Conclusions: Maged1 deficiency-mediated apoptosis inhibition and autophagy enhancement may be a potential pro-survival mechanism during the progression of PD.
Identification of INHBA as a Potential Biomarker for Gastric Cancer by Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: LIU Guang-jie , HU Xiaojie , Jia Yuxuan , Huo Bingjie , Yang Lei , Liu Fang
Published: October 2020

BackgroundInhibin subunit beta A (INHBA) is a member of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily proteins, which plays a fundamental role in various cancers. However, there is little systematical analysis on the exact role of INHBA in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Herein, we explored the exact role and the underlying mechanisms of INHBA regarding GC using multiple bioinformatic approaches. MethodsThe expression levels of INHBA in GC were analyzed in TIMER, GEPIA2, GEO, Oncomine and UALCAN databases. Protein and PCR test were performed to verify the expression states of INHBA in GC tissues. The correlation of INHBA and prognosis of GC was analyzed based on Kaplan Meier plotter database. Besides, the relationship between INHBA expression and immune infiltration levels and the type markers of immune cells in GC was explored in the TIMER database. What’s more, we studied INHBA mutations, promoter methylation, functional enrichment analysis in GC patients based on cBioportal, MEXPRESS, Metascape and LinkedOmics databases. Besides, we performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR ) verification in tissues from patients with gastric cancerResultsINHBA was elevated in GC and high expression level of INHBA in GC was significantly related to the unfavorable prognosis. Protein and PCR test verified the highly expression states of INHBA in GC tissues. Further analysis showed that INHBA was negatively correlated with B cell while positively correlated with the marker type of CD8+ T cells, macrophage, neutrophil and dendritic cell infiltration. High INHBA expression level had a poor prognosis in different enriched immune cells subgroups in GC. And there is week significant methylation level change between tumor and normal tissues. Moreover, INHBA mainly enriched cancer-related signaling pathways, including TGF-beta signaling pathway, ECM-receptor signaling pathway, PID ALK1/2 pathway, and AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. ConclusionsThe present study implies that INHBA may serve as a potential biomarkers for predicting prognosis in GC patients. High INHBA expression in GC may affect prognosis through immune infiltration.
Burnout and Stress Among Emergency Physicians in the Kingdom of Bahrain Using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and Short Form-stress Overload Scale (SOS-S)
Authors: Abuzeyad Feras , Bashmi Luma , Das Priya , Ansari Abrar Al , Hsu Stephanie , Qasim Ghada Al , Mansoor Naser Mohamed Ali , Almusalam Abdulla
Published: October 2020

Background: Emergency physicians (EPs) are exposed to various stressors that lead to burnout, and these factors have never been examined in the emergency departments (EDs) of the Kingdom of Bahrain. The study identifies the prevalence rates and associated variables for burnout and stress among EPs in Bahrain’s EDs.Methods: A cross sectional study involving 134 EPs working in the ED for the three major tertiary hospitals completed the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and Stress Overload Scale-Short Form (SOS-S).Results: The survey had a response rate of 86.7% (n=116). The prevalence rate was 81.0% for personal burnout (M: 63.0, SD: 22.4; CI: 67.0% - 83.3%), 69.8% for work-related burnout (M: 60.3, SD: 21.6; CI: 60.6%- 78.0%), and 40.5% for patient-related burnout (M: 43.1, SD: 25.4; CI: 31.5% - 50.0%). Approximately 23.9% EPs were at high risk for illness. The CBI and SOS-S subscales had statistically significant correlations, illustrating that higher personal, work-related, and patient-related burnout was associated with higher personal vulnerability, event load, and stress overload. Being female, Bahraini, Chief Resident or Consultant, working >50 hours per week, taking at least one sick leave in the last year, and experiencing sleep disturbances and workplace violence were all contributing factors to higher burnout and stress levels. Conclusion: The prevalence of burnout and stress among the EPs in Bahrain is high and reflects a significant problem. Several demographic and occupational factors are closely related to burnout and stress, and need to be addressed to higher authorities in order to implement protective measures.
Rice Root-Associated Diazotrophic Community Succession is Driven by Growth Period Combined With Fertilization
Authors: Cui Zhongli , Luo Xue , Ye Xianfeng , Wang Wenhui , Chen Yang , Dong Chaonan , Li Zhoukun , Qiao Yan , Zhao Yuqiang , Huang Yan , Ran Wei , Huan Minghui , Fang Xiaodong , Han Jian , Cao Hui
Published: October 2020

BackgroundBiological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and nitrogenous fertilizers are two crucial ways for nitrogen input in the rice paddy system. Little is known about the effect of nitrogenous fertilizers on root-associated diazotrophs. Here, we investigated the succession of total and active diazotrophs in rhizosphere soil and rice roots under four fertilization treatments (control, NPK, NPK + pig manure, and NPK + rice straw) during three key growth periods (tillering, heading and mature).ResultsThe 15N isotope dilution experiment verified that root-associated diazotrophs could supply N for rice under low nitrogen nutrition by BNF (%Ndfa=11.51). Niche differentiation of diazotrophs existed at the rhizosphere soil-root interface. At both DNA and RNA levels, growth period had stronger effects on the community composition of endophytic diazotrophs than rhizosphere diazotrophs. The Chao1 and Shannon indices of total endophytic diazotrophs dramatically increased at the vegetative stage, and underwent relatively minor changes at the reproductive stage. Furthermore, the community structures of total endophytic diazotrophs were more stabilized in the reproductive stage than the vegetative stage. The number of OTUs shared by rhizosphere soil and roots increased during rice growth. Compared with CK, NPK reduced the relative abundances of Pelobacter and increased the relative abundances of Azoarcus. Pig manure not only improved soil nutrients (OM, TN, TP, AN, AP and NO3-N), but reduced the effect of chemical fertilizers on the community composition of natural rhizosphere diazotrophs. ConclusionsGrowth period demonstrated a stronger influence on the root-associated diazotrophs than fertilization practices. The community structures of total endophytic diazotrophs were more stabilized in the reproductive stage than the vegetative stage, and the alpha-diversity indices and complex of network structures of endophytic diazotrophs increased at the vegetative stage. Replacing chemical fertilization with pig manure not only increased soil nutrients, but regulated rhizosphere diazotrophic community structures. Understanding the combined effects of growth period and fertilization on root-associated diazotrophs presents the basis towards the sustainable crop production.
Insights into the Mechanism of Bovine Spermiogenesis Based on Comparative Transcriptomic Studies
Authors: Li Xin , Duan Chenying , Li Ruyi , Wang Dong
Published: October 2020

To reduce the reproductive loss caused by semen quality and provide theoretical guidance for the eradication of human male infertility, differential analysis of the bovine transcriptome among round spermatids, elongated spermatids, and epididymal sperm was carried out with the reference of the mouse transcriptome, and the homology trends of gene expression to the mouse were also analysed. First, to explore the physiological mechanism of spermiogenesis that profoundly affects semen quality, homological trends of differential genes were compared during spermiogenesis in dairy cattle and mice. Next, the Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, protein-protein interaction network (PPI network), and bioinformatics analysis uncovered the regulation network of acrosome formation during the transition from round to elongated spermatids. In addition, processes that regulate gene expression during spermiogenesis from elongated spermatid to epididymal sperm, such as ubiquitination, acetylation, deacetylation, glycosylation, and the functional gene ART3 may play an important role during spermiogenesis. Therefore, its localisation in the seminiferous tubule was investigated by immunofluorescent analysis, and its structure and function were also predicted. This study provides important data for revealing the mystery of life during spermiogenesis resulting from acrosome formation, histone replacement, and the fine regulation of gene expression.
Availability of the laboratory diagnosis of gonorrhea and its meaning in case reporting in Shandong Province, China
Authors: Chen Xinlong , Mi Xiongfei , Gan Yanling , Chang Degui , Liu Dianchang
Published: October 2020

Background: Gonorrhea, which is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhea (NG), is a major public health concern worldwide. The aim of this study is to understand the availability of the laboratory diagnosis of gonorrhea in Shandong Province and its meaning in case reporting. Methods: Two surveys were conducted among hospitals providing clinical services for patients with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Shandong Province in 2012 and 2018. The availability of laboratory tests for NG and the distribution of reported gonorrhea cases among different hospitals providing clinical services for patients with STIs in Shandong Province were compared. Descriptive analysis and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Smear, culture, and PCR tests for NG were used in 301 (74.69%), 123 (30.52%), and 43 (10.67%) hospitals in 2012 and in 356 (74.48%), 176 (36.82%), and 73 (15.27%) hospitals in 2018. Significant differences were observed in the availability of smear tests among hospitals with different levels (X2 = 12.159, p = 0.000) and with different affiliations (X2 = 4.551, p = 0.033) in 2018. Significant differences were observed in the availability of culture and PCR tests among hospitals at different levels in 2012 (X2 = 34.532, p = 0.000; X2 = 7.380, p = 0.007) and 2018 (X2 = 49.820, p = 0.000; X2 = 21.658, p = 0.000). The availability of culture and PCR tests for NG in hospitals in 2018 was higher than that in 2012 (X2 = 3.870, p = 0.049; X2 = 4.050, p = 0.044). More hospitals reported gonorrhea cases in 2018 than that in 2012 (X2 = 6.768, p = 0.009). A significant difference was observed in the distribution of case reporting among hospitals at different levels in 2018 (X2 = 6.975, p = 0.008) and among different types of hospital in 2012 (X2 = 52.362, p = 0.000) and 2018 (X2 = 74.478, p = 0.000). Conclusions: The poor availability of NG laboratory tests affects case reporting and is a crucial reason that leads to the high sex ratio and under-reporting of gonorrhea cases in Shandong Province.
Assessment of perceived stress and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Arba Minch town governmental health institutions, southern Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Bane Abdi Deksisa , Madebo Wubshet Estifanos , Endashaw Gisila , Bezabih Wondu Abera , Workie Kasahun Beyene , Wosenyelehu Teklu
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Perceived stress is a real or apparent inconsistency between environmental demands required for survival and an individual’s capacity to adjust to these requirements. Worldwide stress is a very common problem. Females are at increased risk to develop perceived stress in antepartum period. Stress during pregnancy has serious effects for both the mother and newborn. However this problem doesn’t get adequate attention during antenatal care in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the magnitude of perceived stress and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Arba Minch town governmental health institutions, Southern Ethiopia, 2020 Methods : Institution based cross-sectional study was employed from March 16 to April 23, 2020. A total of 460 mothers were included in the study. Systematic sampling was used to select participants. Data were collected using structured pretested questionnaire, entered in to epi data version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. A bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with outcome variable and variables with P value <0.05 in the final model were considered statistically significant. Result: The magnitude of perceived stress during pregnancy was 23.1% (95% CI; 19.16-26.96%). Multigravida (AOR= 3.95, 95% CI; 1.94 – 8.02), ANC initiation <16 weeks of gestation (AOR= 2.05, 95% CI; 1.18 – 3.57), first trimester (AOR= 3.03, 95% CI; 1.34 – 6.85) and unplanned pregnancy (AOR= 4.32, 95% CI; 2.55 – 7.31) were associated factors of perceived stress during pregnancy. Conclusion and recommendation: The findings showed that the magnitude of perceived stress during pregnancy is high. Gravidity, time of ANC initiation, gestational age and status of pregnancy were statistically significant associated factors of perceived stress during pregnancy. Assessment and provision of emotional support for pregnant women is very crucial. Key words : Antenatal care, Ethiopia, Perceived stress, Pregnant women
The relationship between cardiac injury, inflammation and coagulation in predicting COVID-19 outcome
Authors: Mengozzi Alessandro , Georgiopoulos Georgios , Falcone Marco , Tiseo Giusy , Pugliese Nicola Riccardo , Dimopoulos Meletios A , Ghiadoni Lorenzo , Barbieri Greta , Forfori Francesco , Carrozzi Laura , Santini Massimo , Monzani Fabio , Marco Salvatore De , Menichetti Francesco , Virdis Agostino , Masi Stefano
Published: October 2020

Introduction: High sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT) is a strong predictor of adverse outcome during SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, its determinants remain partially unknown. We aimed to assess the relationship between severity of inflammatory response/coagulation abnormalities and hsTnT in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). We then explored the relevance of these pathways in defining mortality and complications risk and the potential effects of the treatments to attenuate such risk.Methods: In this single-center, prospective, observational study we enrolled 266 consecutive patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Primary endpoint was in-hospital COVID-19 mortality. Results: hsTnT, even after adjustment for confounders, was associated with mortality. D-dimer and CRP presented stronger associations with hsTnT than PaO2. Changes of hsTnT, D-dimer and CRP were related but only D-dimer was associated with mortality. Moreover, low molecular weight heparin showed attenuation of the mortality in the whole population, particularly in subjects with higher hsTnT.Conclusions: D-dimer possessed a strong relationship with hsTnT and mortality. Anticoagulation treatment showed greater benefits with regard to mortality. These findings suggest a major role of SARS-CoV-2 coagulopathy in hsTnT elevation and its related mortality in COVID-19. A better understanding of the mechanisms related to COVID-19 might pave the way to therapy tailoring in these high-risk individuals.
Two hyperparasitaemic Plasmodium falciparum cases successfully treated with Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy
Authors: Mukhi Benudhar , Anvikar Anupkumar R. , Srivast Bina , Gupta Himanshu , Ghosh Susanta Kumar
Published: October 2020

BackgroundHyperparasitaemia is an important event in a cascade of Plasmodium falciparum severe malaria (SM) but requires host responses to cause cerebral malaria (CM) leading to death, if left untreated. Here, we report two hyperparasitaemic patients with no CM.MethodsMalaria diagnosis was performed based on thick and thin smears examination, and immunochromatographic-based rapid diagnostic test assay. Parasitaemia was calculated following World Health Organization (WHO) protocol. Haematological and biochemical investigations were also performed.ResultsThe first patient had 42% parasitaemia (100% asexual parasites). The second one had 9.5% parasitaemia comprising 46% asexual, and 54% sexual stages with 1:1 male to female ratio. On the day of admission, both had presented abnormal haematological and biochemical parameters compared to the reference ranges. Remarkably, both the patients recovered successfully with oral artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) and a single dose of primaquine.ConclusionThe presence of hypergametocytaemia may hinder the elimination efforts, if not treated immediately. This report also signifies the need of accurately estimating the parasitaemia in malaria patients and their timely management to prevent complications and mortality.
Perceived militating factors to the practice of preventive measures for COVID-19 pandemic among health professionals in public health facilities of southern Ethiopia: a phenomenological study
Authors: Mersha Abera , Shibiru Shitaye , Girma Meseret , Ayele Gistane , Bante Agegnehu , Kassa Mekidim , Abebe Sintayehu , Shewangizaw Misgun
Published: October 2020

Background: Novel coronavirus is a global pandemic and killed many individuals, including health care professionals. It caused stress on the health care system of all countries. Presently, studies are emerging regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in different aspects. However, a few have explored militating factors that affecting the practice of preventive measures for the COVID-19. As such, the study aimed to fill these research gaps in the study setting.Methods: A semi-structured interview guide used to conduct this phenomenological study among 16 key informants. Key informants recruited by the purposive sampling method. The data analyzed inductively by using a thematic content analysis approach in NVivo 12 Pro software. Results: In this study, six main themes identified with the sub-themes. Overview of COVID-19 pandemic, consequences (with the two sub-theme), perceived practice (with four sub-theme), perceived militating factors (with four sub-theme), newfangled activities (with three sub-theme), and suggestion for improvement (with seven sub-theme) were the major themes. The participants perceived the influence of shortage of personal protective equipment and solutions for hand hygiene, negligence and ignorance, inadequate infrastructure, lack of training, and lack of attention and recognition for the staff on the practice of preventive measures. Conclusions: Conclusions: This study showed that there were gaps in the practice of preventive measures for the COVID-19 among health professionals in the health care system. Community influences, health care provider related factors, institutional factors, and lack of communication and support affect the practice. Hence, attention should give to fulfill the necessary supplies in the health facilities, improve the infrastructures, and equip health professionals by providing capacity-building activities. Besides, health care professionals must recognize, and credit should consider.
Duality and hidden equilibrium in transport models
Authors: Frassek Rouven , Giardina Cristian , Kurchan Jorge
Published: October 2020

A large family of diffusive models of transport that have been considered in the past years
admit a transformation into the same model in contact with an equilibrium bath.
This mapping holds at the full dynamical level, and is independent of dimension or topology.
It provides a good opportunity to discuss questions of time reversal in out of equilibrium contexts.
In particular, thanks to the mapping one may define the free energy in the
non-equilibrium states very naturally as the (usual) free energy of the mapped system.
Development of Technologies and Prospects for the Introduction of Aviation Biofuels
Authors: Varakin A.N. , Gulyaeva L.A. , Ishutenko D.I. , Kulinich A.L. , Nikulshin P.A. , Pimerzin A.A. , Vasilov R.G.
Published: October 2020

An overview of the current state of production technologies of biojet fuels in the world and in Russia is presented. The contribution of the aviation sector to climate change processes and the likelihood of achieving global environmental goals in the event of large-scale production of alternative aviation fuels are assessed. The level of commercialization, constraining factors and possible measures to support synthetic kerosene production technologies are reviewed. Special attention is paid to the current international certification procedure for aviation biofuels.

aviation biofuel, biojet fuels, synthetic kerosene, global warming, climate change, greenhouse gases emission, sustainable biofuel, ASTM certification, biomass conversion, photosynthetic microorganisms, microalgae.

The review was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, project no. 14.574.21.0139 (Unique Project Identifier RFMEFI57417X0139).
Yabancılara Türkçe öğretimi konusunda yayımlanmış bilimsel çalışmalar üzerine bir inceleme
Authors: TURHAN TUNA Sibel , ÖZER Hakan
Published: October 2020

“Yabancılara Türkçe öğretimi konusunda Türkçe yayımlanmış bilimsel çalışmaların bibliyografyası ve doktora tezlerinin Diller İçin Avrupa Ortak Başvuru Metni bağlamında analizi” adlı yüksek lisans tezinden yeniden gözden geçirilip güncellenerek üretilen bu çalışmanın amacı, yabancılara Türkçe öğretimi konusunda 2020 yılına kadarki süreçte Türkçe yayımlanmış bilimsel çalışmaları tespit edip bunların içerik alanlarını belirlemek; doktora tezlerini Ortak Başvuru Metni bağlamında analiz etmektir. Nitel bir çalışma olarak desenlenen bu çalışmada veri toplama yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi kullanılmıştır. İki bölümden oluşan bu çalışmanın birinci bölümünde YÖK Tez, çeşitli üniversitelerin ve dergilerin veri tabanlarından 2020 yılına kadar yayımlanmış tezlere, makalelere ve bildirilere ulaşılıp bunların içerik alanları belirlenmiş, elde edilen sayısal veriler tablolarla sunulmuştur. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde alan yazınında doktora tezi çalışması sayıca fazla olduğundan yıl ve konu sınırlaması getirilmiş, 2013-2019 yılları arasında (2019 dâhil) temel dil becerileri konusunda yayımlanmış 9 doktora tezi Ortak Başvuru Metni bağlamında analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmalar sonucunda, en fazla çalışmanın makale düzeyinde yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. Tüm bilimsel çalışmalar incelendiğinde, konu bazlı en fazla çalışmanın materyal geliştirme konusunda yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. Analiz çalışması kapsamında ele alınan doktora tezlerinin Ortak Başvuru Metni’nin dil öğretim amacına, öğrenici boyutuna, öğretici boyutuna ve ölçme değerlendirme anlayışına uygun hazırlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Son olarak, alanın gelişimine katkısı olabileceği düşünülen önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Özel Eğitimde Teknoloji Kullanımına İlişkin Araştırmalarda Güncel Eğilimler: Türkiye'de Lisansüstü Tezler Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: ÇAKA Cansu
Published: October 2020

Bu araştırmada Türkiye’de özel eğitimde teknoloji kullanımı konusunda yapılmış lisansüstü tezlerin incelenerek lisansüstü düzeydeki araştırmaların eğilimlerinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Özel eğitimde teknoloji kullanımı ile ilişkili tezlerdeki eğilimlerin belirlenmesi, ileride yapılacak yeni araştırmalar için öneriler getirmesi açısından önemlidir. Araştırmanın verileri Yüksek Öğretim Kurumu Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanından erişilen 28 adet lisansüstü tezden elde edilmiştir. Bu tezlerin incelenmesinde doküman incelemesi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Erişilen tezler yayın yılı, tez türü, üniversite türü, yayınlanan üniversite, özel eğitim kategorisi, yöntem, veri toplama araçları, yararlanılan teknoloji, araştırmacı çalışma alanı ve öğrenme çıktıları ölçütlerine göre incelenmiştir. Özel eğitimde teknoloji kullanımı ile ilgili en çok tez çalışması 2019 yılında yayınlanmış olup yüksek lisans düzeyi ağırlıklıdır. İncelenen tezlerin büyük çoğunluğu devlet üniversitelerinde yapılmıştır. Ele alınan özel eğitim kategorisi açısından değerlendirildiğinde tez çalışmalarının büyük çoğunluğu zihinsel yetersizlik odaklı olup özel gereksinimli bireylere akademik beceri kazandırılması hedeflenmektedir. Araştırma sürecinde tek denekli deneysel desenler öne çıkarken en çok kullanılan veri toplama araçları ise gözlem ve görüşme olmuştur. Özel eğitimde teknoloji kullanımı kaçınılmaz olup zamandan ve mekândan bağımsız, bireysel öğrenme sürecini destekleyen mobil uygulamaların kullanım yoğunluğu dikkat çekmektedir. Söz konusu araştırma bulgularının araştırmacılara ışık tutması, teknolojinin bu alandaki gücüne ilişkin farkındalık geliştirmesi ve alanyazına katkı sürecinde yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
A PRESENÇA DE IANSÃ NA PREPARAÇÃO DE ELENCO D’O SOM QUE SE FAZ DEBAIXO D’ÁGUA
Authors: Polito Moraes Daniela Beny
Published: October 2020

Este artigo visa compartilhar a experiência prática da investigação “Os elementos de Iansã como possibilidade de criação cênica”, trazendo processo espetáculo “O som que se faz debaixo d´água” do Coletivo Cores (Natal/RN). Através do relato de experiência e da metodologia de trabalho conduzida com o elenco, observando na prática conceitos trabalhados na Antropologia da Performance, Antropologia Teatral e Estudos da Performance, tendo como principais teóricos Schechner e Barba.
O TEATRO COMO REVOLUÇÃO ARTÍSTICA
Authors: Veras Brito de Almeida Ana Clara
Published: October 2020

O seguinte artigo busca levar a cabo a reflexão acerca da metodologia de trabalho laboratorial e artística que propõe o Grupo Arkhétypos de Teatro (2010), desenvolvida primeiramente na pesquisa de Iniciação Científica (PIBIC - PROPESQ) intitulada “Aspectos Pedagógicos do Teatro Ritual” (UFRN), coordenada pelo Dr. Robson Carlos Haderchpek. Neste artigo vamos dialogar com autores e multi-artistas, tais como: Jerzy Grotowsky, Grada Kilomba, Nadja Rossana, Robson Haderchpek, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, para refletir sobre as desobediências poéticas.
Processos de apropriação local do Programa de Expansão e Melhoramento da Educação Rural nos anos de 1980 (Entre Rios, Argentina)
Authors: Petitti Eva Mara
Published: October 2020

Este artigo estuda os processos de apropriação local de um programa nacional com financiamento externo por parte das populações rurais do norte da província de Entre Rios. Este é o Programa para a Expansão e Melhoria da Educação Rural que foi implementado na Argentina no início da década de 1980. A pesquisa baseia-se num estudo qualitativo baseado em entrevistas semi-estruturadas e na recolha e análise de fontes documentais. A pesquisa baseia-se num estudo qualitativo baseado em entrevistas semi-estruturadas e na recolha e análise de fontes documentais. É proposto mostrar que os técnicos, diretores, professores, motoristas, participantes da oficina e famílias resultaram num funcionamento mais complexo e desordenado do programa do que o planejado a nível nacional e internacional.
Los postulados biotipológicos en el curso para profesores de educación física – CNEF – Uruguay (1948-1956)
Authors: Antúnez Camilo Rodriguez
Published: October 2020

This work is part of an investigation related to the development of eugenics in Uruguay and its links with physical education during the period of 1920-1948. Specifically in this article, we will focus on making visible and analysing the ways in which physical education and biotipology were articulated around the training of physical education teachers in Uruguay. We will seek to account for the discursive continuities established between eugenics, biotipology and physical education, as well as the main implications that emerge from these links to think about the education of the body. The methodology starts from the historical analysis of primary sources, with particular emphasis on the analysis of the discourse from the premises provided by Foucault in relation to the “archaeological methodology”.
Decolonizar a História da Educação: contribuições teóricas dos estudos subalternos e do pensamento decolonial
Authors: Nery Vitor Sousa Cunha , Nery Cristiane do Socorro dos Santos , Dias Alder de Sousa
Published: October 2020

Neste artigo, analisa-se possíveis contribuições dos estudos subalternos e decoloniais para a pesquisa em História da Educação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, fundamentada em autores como Guha (2011), Chakrabarty (2000), Spivak (2010), Beverley (2004), Mallon (1995), Dussel (2008; 2016), Quijano (2005), Mignolo (2002, 2003, 2004, 2007), Walsh (2012), Grosfoguel (2016), Streck (2007), Mota Neto (2015), entre outros. Conclui-se que a relação entre os estudos subalternos, a decolonialidade e a História da Educação tem potencial crítico para (re)interpretar dados históricos e educacionais, dando visibilidade para os grupos subalternizados.
Endoscopic Balloon Dilatation for Incomplete Pyloromyotomy – A Case Report
Authors: Jones Niall M , Mierzejewska Jadwiga , Ibrahim Mohammed , Hassan Kamal
Published: October 2020

Introduction:

This is a report of immediate endoscopic balloon dilatation for incomplete pyloromyotomy in idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

Case Report:

A two-months old boy presented with 6 weeks of projectile vomiting, failure to thrive and severe physiologic disturbance. Following investigation
and resuscitation, he underwent laparoscopic pyloromyotomy. Recovery was delayed due to ongoing projectile vomiting. Contrast studies showed
persisting proximal pyloric obstruction. On the third post-operative day, endoscopic balloon dilatation of the residual proximal pyloric stenosis was
successful, with immediate tolerance of feeds.

Discussion:

We describe the presenting features of his case, the technical details of our management and a review of the relevant literature.
Evaluation of Plasma Free Amino Acid and Carnitine Levels in Patients with Cesarean Scar Pregnancy
Authors: Tammo Omer , Uyanikoglu Hacer , Koyuncu İsmail
Published: October 2020

Aim and Objective:

This study aimed to explore the plasma free amino acid (FAA) and carnitine levels in pregnant women with cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP), and to compare them with those of healthy pregnant women.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective and randomized controlled study was conducted in patients admitted to Harran
University Medical Faculty Hospital Obstetrics Clinic between January 2018 and January 2019. A total of 60 patients were
included in the study, and the patients were divided into two groups: CSP group (n = 30) and healthy pregnant group as the
control group (n = 30). The blood samples were taken from the participants between 7 - 12 weeks of gestation. Twentyseven carnitines and their esters and 14 FAAs were analysed by liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Results:

The mean plasma concentrations of some carnitines, including C2, C5, C5-OH, C5-DC, C6, C8-1, C12, C14, C14-
1, C14-2, C16, C16-1, C18, and C18-1 were significantly higher in CSP group than in the control group. However, other
carnitines, including C0, C3, C4, C4-DC, C5-1, C6-DC, C8, C8-DC, C10, C10-1, C18-1-OH, and C18-2 were similar in
both groups. The plasma levels of some FAAs, including Methyl Glutaryl, Leu, Met, Phe, Arg, Orn, and Glu values were
significantly higher in CSP group than in the control group. However, there was no statistically significance in other FAA
levels, including Val, Asa, Tyr, Asp, Ala, Cit, and Gly between the two groups. Additionally, Pearson’s correlation analysis
showed that there were significantly positive correlations between many FAA and carnitine values.

Conclusion:

Since several plasma carnitine and FAA levels were higher in CSP group than in the control group, we think
that scar pregnancy increases metabolic need for myometrial invasion. Also, we think that these results may be useful in
clinical practice for CSP diagnosis.
Tumor Angiogenesis and VEGFR-2: Mechanism, Pathways and Current Biological Therapeutic Interventions
Authors: Shah Altaf A. , Kamal Mohammad A. , Akhtar Salman
Published: October 2020

Background:

Angiogenesis, involving the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting vessels,
caters an important biological phenomenon for the growth and development of bodily structures in the human
body. Regulation of angiogenesis in non-pathological conditions takes place through a well-defined balanced
angiogenic-switch, which upon exposure to various pathological conditions may get altered. This makes the
cells change their normal behavior resulting in uncontrolled division and angiogenesis.

Methods:

The current review tries to present a brief framework of angiogenesis and tumor progression phenomenon
along with the latest therapeutic interventions against VEGFR-2 and its future directions.

Results:

The tumor angiogenic pathways functioning in diverse mechanisms via sprouting angiogenesis, intussusceptive
angiogenesis, vascular co-option, vascular mimicry, and glomeruloid angiogenesis are normally activated
by varied angiogenic stimulators and their receptors are interrelated to give rise to specialized signaling
pathways. Amongst these receptors, VEGFR-2 is found as one of the key, critical mediators in tumor angiogenesis
and is seen as a major therapeutic target for combating angiogenesis. Though a number of anti-angiogenic
drugs like Ramucirumab, Sunitinib, Axitinib, Sorafenib, etc. showing good survival rates have been developed
and approved by FDA against VEGFR-2, but these have also been found to be associated with serious health effects
and adverse reactions.

Conclusions:

An improved or alternative treatment is needed shortly that has a higher survival rate with the
least side effects. Innovative strategies, including personalized medicine, nano-medicine, and cancer immunotherapy
have also been outlined as an alternative treatment with a discussion on advancements and improvements
required for their implementation methods.
Terpenes with Antitumor Activity: A Patent Review
Authors: de Vasconcelos Cerqueira Braz Juliana , Carvalho Nascimento Júnior José Adão , Serafini Mairim Russo
Published: October 2020

Background:

Cancer is a major public health concern, and is one of the leading causes of death globally. Surgical removal, chemotherapy or hormonal therapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of them are treatment for cancer, many of which are ineffective or have serious side effects. In view of this, there is a search for new, more effective alternatives for cancer prevention and treatment. One possible source of compounds are natural products; among them, terpenes, a large class of organic compounds, have shown promise due to their anti-inflammatory, anti-tumorigenic, and hypolipidemic properties, among others recorded in the literature.

Objective:

The study aims to use a patent review to evaluate the development and use of terpenes, or formulations containing terpenes, in new therapeutic options for the treatment of various types of cancer.

Methods:

This patent review was carried out using the specialized patent databases of WIPO and Espacenet. The selection of patents was based on the following inclusion criteria which included pre-clinical and/or clinical trials, and demonstrated anti-tumor effects.

Results:

Eight patents were identified, six from China, and two from Japan. In this review, all patents confirmed having good antitumor activity for many types of cancer cells. In addition, the inventors indicate more studies pre-clinical and clinical trials giving greater clarity and accurate reflection of the activity of the products studied.

Conclusion:

Natural products are an important source of compounds for use in the fight against cancer that can act synergistically, and help in the treatment of cancer.
Treatment of Hepatitis C Cirrhotic Patients With Directly Acting Antivirals: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Elfert Asem Ahmed , Abd-Elsalam Sherief , Abo-Ali Lobna , Eldemerdash Taher , Abou-Saif Sabry , Elsabagh Hala Mostafa , Ebeid Abla , Badawi Rehab
Published: October 2020

Background & Aims:

With the introduction of sofosbuvir-based regimens, high cure rates and
decreased duration has been achieved. Several studies showed variances in SVR rates between different
genotypes, with lower rates of SVR among cirrhotic patients. The aim of our study was to assess
the safety and effectiveness of sofosbuvir-based antiviral regimens for the treatment of HCVinfected
Egyptian cirrhotic patients.

Methods:

This was a retrospective, observational, and comparative study. A total of nine hundred
and forty-six cirrhotic patients with chronic HCV genotype 4 infection, who were eligible for direct
acting drugs (DAAs) therapy, were enrolled. The primary outcome measures were the number
of patients with successful eradication of the virus evidenced by SVR at 12 weeks after discontinuation
of therapy (SVR12), and the secondary outcome measures were the incidence of adverse effects
associated with the tested HCV therapy.

Results:

Among the 946 patients enrolled in the study, 527 patients (55.7%) were males and 419
patients (44.3%) were females with a mean age of 54.00±8.88 years. 20.2% were diabetics and
19.1% were hypertensive. Patients were classified according to Child-Pugh classifications; 818 patients
(86.46%) were Child-Pugh class A cirrhosis, while 28 patients (13.53%) were Child-Pugh
class B cirrhosis. The SVR12 rate was 96.93% (917 /946). Treatment response in the Child-Pugh
class A cirrhosis was 794 (97%) after 12 weeks, while treatment response in the Child-Pugh class
B cirrhosis was 123 (96%). Mild side effects were observed in 76 patients.

Conclusions:

Sofosbuvir based regimens were effective and safe in the treatment of cirrhotic patients
with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4.
The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Workers’ Anxiety Levels: Protocol for a Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Lunbo , Yan Ming , Takashima Kaito , Guo Wenru , Yamada Yuki
Published: October 2020

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has been declared a public health emergency of international concern; this has caused excessive anxiety among health care workers. In addition, publication bias and low-quality publications have become widespread, which can result in the dissemination of unreliable findings.

Objective

This paper presents the protocol for a meta-analysis with the following two aims: (1) to examine the prevalence of anxiety among health care workers and determine whether it has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) to investigate whether there has been an increase in publication bias.

Methods

All related studies that were published/released from 2015 to 2020 will be searched in electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, PsyArXiv, and medRxiv). The risk of bias in individual studies will be assessed using the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) checklist. The heterogeneity of the studies will be assessed using the I2 statistic. The effect size (prevalence rates of anxiety) and a 95% CI for each paper will also be calculated. We will use a moderator analysis to test for the effect of COVID-19 on health care workers’ anxiety levels and detect publication bias in COVID-19 studies. We will also assess publication bias using the funnel plot and Egger regression. In case of publication bias, if studies have no homogeneity, the trim-and-fill procedure will be applied to adjust for missing studies.

Results

Database searches will commence in November 2020. The meta-analysis will be completed within 2 months of the start date.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis aims to provide comprehensive evidence about whether COVID-19 increases the prevalence of anxiety among health care workers and whether there has been an increase in publication bias and a deterioration in the quality of publications due to the pandemic. The results of this meta-analysis can provide evidence to help health managers to make informed decisions related to anxiety prevention in health care workers.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/24136
Characteristics and Symptoms of App Users Seeking COVID-19–Related Digital Health Information and Remote Services: Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Perlman Amichai , Vodonos Zilberg Alina , Bak Peter , Dreyfuss Michael , Leventer-Roberts Maya , Vurembrand Yael , Jeffries Howard E , Fisher Eyal , Steuerman Yael , Namir Yinat , Goldschmidt Yaara , Souroujon Daniel
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Patient-facing digital health tools have been promoted to help patients manage concerns related to COVID-19 and to enable remote care and self-care during the COVID-19 pandemic. It has also been suggested that these tools can help further our understanding of the clinical characteristics of this new disease. However, there is limited information on the characteristics and use patterns of these tools in practice.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study are to describe the characteristics of people who use digital health tools to address COVID-19–related concerns; explore their self-reported symptoms and characterize the association of these symptoms with COVID-19; and characterize the recommendations provided by digital health tools.

METHODS

This study used data from three digital health tools on the K Health app: a protocol-based COVID-19 self-assessment, an artificial intelligence (AI)–driven symptom checker, and communication with remote physicians. Deidentified data were extracted on the demographic and clinical characteristics of adults seeking COVID-19–related health information between April 8 and June 20, 2020. Analyses included exploring features associated with COVID-19 positivity and features associated with the choice to communicate with a remote physician.

RESULTS

During the period assessed, 71,619 individuals completed the COVID-19 self-assessment, 41,425 also used the AI-driven symptom checker, and 2523 consulted with remote physicians. Individuals who used the COVID-19 self-assessment were predominantly female (51,845/71,619, 72.4%), with a mean age of 34.5 years (SD 13.9). Testing for COVID-19 was reported by 2901 users, of whom 433 (14.9%) reported testing positive. Users who tested positive for COVID-19 were more likely to have reported loss of smell or taste (relative rate [RR] 6.66, 95% CI 5.53-7.94) and other established COVID-19 symptoms as well as ocular symptoms. Users communicating with a remote physician were more likely to have been recommended by the self-assessment to undergo immediate medical evaluation due to the presence of severe symptoms (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02-1.32). Most consultations with remote physicians (1940/2523, 76.9%) were resolved without need for referral to an in-person visit or to the emergency department.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results suggest that digital health tools can help support remote care and self-management of COVID-19 and that self-reported symptoms from digital interactions can extend our understanding of the symptoms associated with COVID-19.
A deep belief network-based method to identify proteomic risk markers for Alzheimer's disease (Preprint)
Authors: An Ning , Liu Shuo , Ding Huitong , Yang Jiaoyun , Yuan Jing
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

While a large body of research has formally identified apolipoprotein E (APOE) as a major genetic risk marker for Alzheimer's disease, accumulating evidence supports the notion that other risk markers may exist. However, the traditional Alzheimer's-specific signature analysis methods have not made full use of rich protein expression data, especially the interaction between attributes.

OBJECTIVE

To identify a proteomic risk marker with deep belief network-based method.

METHODS

This paper presents a novel feature selection method to identify Alzheimer’s disease pathogenic factors using proteomic and clinical data. This approach has taken the weights of network nodes as the importance order of signaling protein expression values.

RESULTS

After generating and evaluating the candidate subset, the method selects an optimal subset of proteins that achieved an accuracy greater than 80%, which is superior to traditional machine learning methods for clinical Alzheimer's disease diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONS

Besides identifying a proteomic risk marker and further reinforce the link between metabolic risk factors and Alzheimer's disease, this paper also suggests that adiponectin-linked pathways are a possible therapeutic drug target.