bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Virtual social interactions during the COVID-19 pandemic: the effect of interpersonal motor synchrony on social interactions in the virtual space
Authors: Gvirts Hila , Ehrenfeld Lya , Sharma Mini , Mizrahi Moran
Published: June 2023

Although the link between motor synchrony and emotional alignment has been extensively studied during face-to-face interaction, the question of whether this association also exists in virtual settings has remained unanswered. Here, we examined whether this link exists during virtual social interactions and whether pro-social effects will be induced during those interactions. To this end, two strangers shared difficulties they have experienced due to the COVID-19 pandemic during a virtual social interaction that included both audio and video. The findings revealed that motor synchrony and emotional alignment can arise spontaneously during a virtual social interaction between two strangers. Moreover, this interaction yielded a decrease in negative affect and an increase in positive affect, as well as an increase in feelings of trust, liking, cohesion, self-other overlap, and similarity between the strangers. Finally, a higher level of synchrony during the virtual interaction was specifically associated with increased positive emotional alignment and liking. It can thus be presumed that virtual social interactions may share similar characteristics and social effects as face-to-face interactions. Considering the tremendous changes the COVID-19 pandemic has caused regarding social communication, these findings may provide grounds for developing new intervention protocols aimed at dealing with the consequences of social distancing.
Deep learning and ultrasound feature fusion model predicts the malignancy of complex cystic and solid breast nodules with color Doppler images
Authors: Liu Han , Hou Chun-Jie , Tang Jing-Lan , Sun Li-Tao , Lu Ke-Feng , Liu Ying , Du Pei
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the performance of traditional-deep learning combination model based on Doppler ultrasound for diagnosing malignant complex cystic and solid breast nodules. A conventional statistical prediction model based on the ultrasound features and basic clinical information was established. A deep learning prediction model was used to train the training group images and derive the deep learning prediction model. The two models were validated, and their accuracy rates were compared using the data and images of the test group, respectively. A logistic regression method was used to combine the two models to derive a combination diagnostic model and validate it in the test group. The diagnostic performance of each model was represented by the receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under the curve. In the test cohort, the diagnostic efficacy of the deep learning model was better than traditional statistical model, and the combined diagnostic model was better and outperformed the other two models (combination model vs traditional statistical model: AUC: 0.95 > 0.70, P = 0.001; combination model vs deep learning model: AUC: 0.95 > 0.87, P = 0.04). A combination model based on deep learning and ultrasound features has good diagnostic value.
Tuning of the Brillouin scattering properties in microstructured optical fibers by liquid infiltration
Authors: Catalano Ester , Vallifuoco Raffaele , Zeni Luigi , Dufour Alexis , Marin Emmanuel , Girard Sylvain , Minardo Aldo
Published: June 2023

We demonstrate the possibility to modify the Brillouin scattering properties of a microstructured pure-silica core optical fiber, by infiltrating a liquid inside its holes. In particular, we show that the dependence of the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) on the temperature can be reduced by infiltration, owing to the large negative thermo-optic coefficient of the liquid. Infiltrating a chloroform-acetonitrile mixture with a refractive index of 1.365 inside the holes of a suspended-core fiber with a core diameter of 3 µm, the BFS temperature sensing coefficient is reduced by ≈ 21%, while the strain sensitivity remains almost unaltered. Besides tuning the temperature sensing coefficient, the proposed platform could find other applications in Brillouin sensing, such as distributed electrical and magnetic measurements, or enhanced Brillouin gain in fibers infiltrated with high nonlinear optical media.
Generation of potentially inhibitory autoantibodies to ADAMTS13 in coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Doevelaar Adrian A. N. , Bachmann Martin , Hölzer Bodo , Seibert Felix S. , Rohn Benjamin J. , Zgoura Panagiota , Witzke Oliver , Dittmer Ulf , Brenner Thorsten , Paniskaki Krystallenia , Yilmaz Serap , Dittmer Rita , Schneppenheim Sonja , Wilhelm Jochen , Stervbo Ulrik , Babel Nina , Budde Ulrich , Westhoff Timm H.
Published: June 2023

It has recently been shown that von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers contribute to immunothrombosis in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since COVID-19 is associated with an increased risk of autoreactivity, the present study investigates, whether the generation of autoantibodies to ADAMTS13 contributes to this finding. In this observational prospective controlled multicenter study blood samples and clinical data of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 were collected from April to November 2020. The study included 156 individuals with 90 patients having confirmed COVID-19 of mild to critical severity. 30 healthy individuals and 36 critically ill ICU patients without COVID-19 served as controls. ADAMTS13 antibodies occurred in 31 (34.4%) COVID-19 patients. Antibodies occurred more often in critically ill COVID-19 patients (55.9%) than non-COVID-19 ICU patients and healthy controls (5.6% and 6.7%; p < 0.001), respectively. Generation of ADAMTS13 antibodies in COVID-19 was associated with lower ADAMTS13 activity (56.5%, interquartile range (IQR) 21.25 vs. 71.5%, IQR 24.25, p = 0.0041), increased disease severity (severe or critical in 90% vs. 62.3%, p = 0.019), and a trend to higher mortality (35.5% vs. 18.6%, p = 0.077). Median time to antibody development was 11 days after first positive SARS-CoV-2-PCR specimen. Gel analysis of VWF multimers resembled the constellation in patients with TTP. The present study demonstrates for the first time, that generation of ADAMTS13 antibodies is frequent in COVID-19, associated with lower ADAMTS13 activity and increased risk of an adverse disease course. These findings provide a rationale to include ADAMTS13 antibodies in the diagnostic workup of SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Induction of glioblastoma cell ferroptosis using combined treatment with chloramphenicol and 2-deoxy-d-glucose
Authors: Miki Kenji , Yagi Mikako , Noguchi Naoki , Do Yura , Otsuji Ryosuke , Kuga Daisuke , Kang Dongchon , Yoshimoto Koji , Uchiumi Takeshi
Published: June 2023

Glioblastoma, a malignant tumor, has no curative treatment. Recently, mitochondria have been considered a potential target for treating glioblastoma. Previously, we reported that agents initiating mitochondrial dysfunction were effective under glucose-starved conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a mitochondria-targeted treatment to achieve normal glucose conditions. This study used U87MG (U87), U373, and patient-derived stem-like cells as well as chloramphenicol (CAP) and 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG). We investigated whether CAP and 2-DG inhibited the growth of cells under normal and high glucose concentrations. In U87 cells, 2-DG and long-term CAP administration were more effective under normal glucose than high-glucose conditions. In addition, combined CAP and 2-DG treatment was significantly effective under normal glucose concentration in both normal oxygen and hypoxic conditions; this was validated in U373 and patient-derived stem-like cells. 2-DG and CAP acted by influencing iron dynamics; however, deferoxamine inhibited the efficacy of these agents. Thus, ferroptosis could be the underlying mechanism through which 2-DG and CAP act. In conclusion, combined treatment of CAP and 2-DG drastically inhibits cell growth of glioblastoma cell lines even under normal glucose conditions; therefore, this treatment could be effective for glioblastoma patients.
Narcolepsy type I-associated DNA methylation and gene expression changes in the human leukocyte antigen region
Authors: Yoshida-Tanaka Kugui , Shimada Mihoko , Honda Yoshiko , Fujimoto Akihiro , Tokunaga Katsushi , Honda Makoto , Miyagawa Taku
Published: June 2023

Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is caused by a loss of hypothalamic orexin-producing cells, and autoreactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells have been suggested to play a role in the autoimmune mechanism. Although NT1 showed a strong association with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQB1*06:02, the responsible antigens remain unidentified. We analyzed array-based DNA methylation and gene expression data for the HLA region in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells that were separated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Japanese subjects (NT1, N = 42; control, N = 42). As the large number of SNPs in the HLA region might interfere with the affinity of the array probes, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of the reliability of each probe. The criteria were based on a previous study reporting that the presence of frequent SNPs, especially on the 3′ side of the probe, makes the probe unreliable. We confirmed that 90.3% of the probes after general filtering in the HLA region do not include frequent SNPs, and are thus suitable for analysis, particularly in Japanese subjects. We then performed an association analysis, and found that several CpG sites in the HLA class II region of the patients were significantly hypomethylated in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. This association was not detected when the effect of HLA-DQB1*06:02 was considered, suggesting that the hypomethylation was possibly derived from HLA-DQB1*06:02. Further RNA sequencing revealed reduced expression levels of HLA-DQB1 alleles other than HLA-DQB1*06:02 in the patients with NT1. Our results suggest the involvement of epigenetic and expressional changes in HLA-DQB1 in the pathogenesis of NT1.
Quality by design paradigm for optimization of green stability indicating HPLC method for concomitant determination of fluorescein and benoxinate
Authors: Kamal Amira H. , Habib Ahmed A. , Hammad Sherin F. , Megahed Safa M.
Published: June 2023

A green, robust and fast stability indicating chromatographic method has been developed for concomitant analysis of fluorescein sodium and benoxinate hydrochloride in the presence of their degradation products within four minutes. Two different designs including fractional factorial and Box–Behnken designs were implemented for screening and optimization steps, respectively. The optimum chromatographic analysis was achieved using a mixture of isopropanol and 20 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (pH 3.0) in the ratio 27:73 as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.5 mL/min and column oven temperature was 40 °C. Chromatographic analysis was performed on Eclipse plus C18 (100 mm × 4.6 mm × 3.5 μm) column with DAD detector set at 220 nm. A linear response was acquired over the range of 2.5–60 μg/mL and 1–50 μg/mL for benoxinate and fluorescein respectively. Stress degradation studies were executed under acidic, basic, and oxidative stress conditions. The method was implemented for quantitation of cited drugs in ophthalmic solution with mean percent recovery ± SD of 99.21 ± 0.74 and 99.88 ± 0.58 for benoxinate and fluorescein respectively. The proposed method is more rapid and eco-friendly compared to the reported chromatographic methods for determination of cited drugs.
Robotic endoscope with double-balloon and double-bend tube for colonoscopy
Authors: Takamatsu Toshihiro , Endo Yuto , Fukushima Ryodai , Yasue Tatsuki , Shinmura Kensuke , Ikematsu Hiroaki , Takemura Hiroshi
Published: June 2023

The insertion of conventional colonoscopes can sometimes cause patients to experience pain during the procedure owing to the stretching of the mesentery. In this study, a prototype of a robotic colonoscope with a double-balloon and double-bend tube based on the conventional double-balloon endoscope was developed to simplify insertion and prevent the overstretching of the colon. Both the outer and inner tubes were confirmed to be free from interference from wires and sheaths. Additionally, all functions such as tip bending, inflation and deflation of the balloons, and actuator-driven pulling and pushing of the inner tube were operated properly. During the insertion test, the device could be reached the cecum of a colon model in approximately 442 s when operated by a non-medical operator. In addition, the device did not overstretch the colon model, thereby suggesting that the insertion mechanism can follow the shape of the colon model. As a result, the developed mechanism has the potential to navigate through a highly-bent colon without overstretching.
Selective effects of conspecific movement on social preference in zebrafish (Danio rerio) using real-time 3D tracking and 3D animation
Authors: Kuroda Toshikazu , Ritchey Carolyn M. , Podlesnik Christopher A.
Published: June 2023

Zebrafish show social behavior such as shoaling and schooling, which is a result of complex and interdependent interactions among conspecifics. Zebrafish social behavior is interdependent in the sense that one fish’s behavior affects both conspecific behavior and, as a result, their own behavior. Previous research examined effects of the interdependent interactions on the preference for social stimulus but lacked clear evidence that specific conspecific movements were reinforcing. The present research examined whether dependency between individual experimental fish’s motion and a social-stimulus fish’s motions contributes to preference for the social stimulus. In Experiment 1, a 3D animated stimulus fish either chased individual experimental fish or was motionless, serving as dependent and independent motions, respectively. In Experiment 2, the stimulus fish either chased experimental fish, moved away, or moved independently of the experimental fish. In both experiments, experimental fish spent more time near the stimulus fish showing dependent and interactive movements, indicating preference for dependent motion over independent motion, and chasing over other motions. Implications of these results are discussed including a potential role of operant conditioning in the preference for social stimuli.
The effect of dietary approaches to stop hypertension and ketogenic diets intervention on serum uric acid concentration: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Gohari Sepehr , Ghobadi Saeed , Jafari Alireza , Ahangar Hassan , Gohari Sheida , Mahjani Mahsa
Published: June 2023

Hyperuricemia as a risk factor for metabolic diseases is proved to be profoundly modified by dietary approaches. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials (RCT) was conducted to investigate the effect of two nutritional interventions; dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet and ketogenic diet (KD) on serum uric acid (UA) concentrations. Our systematic search was for RCTs in which KD or DASH diet were assigned to adults for at least 2 weeks or more. Until March 2023 in Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases, 10 eligible RCTs that intervened with DASH diet (n = 4) or KD (n = 6) and had provided laboratory data on serum UA were found. Summary effect was calculated by random-effects model. Results from the meta-analysis of the 4 DASH diet RCTs with a total of 590 participants revealed significant decrease in serum UA after at least 4 weeks of interventions (mean difference (MD) = ‒0.25; 95% CI ‒0.4 to ‒0.1 mg/dL;p < 0.01; I2 = 0%). The pooled meta-analysis of the 6 included RCTs of KD reporting data of 267 participants showed no significant changes in serum UA (MD = 0.26; 95% CI ‒0.47 to 0.98 mg/dL, I2 = 95.32%). However, a non-significant reduction of UA in the subgroup analysis of very low-calorie KD (VLCKD) studies (MD = ‒0.04; 95% CI ‒0.29 to 0.22, I2 = 0%) was obtained. DASH diet has an ameliorating effect on serum UA and may be recommended for hyperuricemia states such as gout. In addition, we have shown that serum UA level following KD remained unchanged. Although, in view of the heterogeneity across the studies, further investigations are needed to determine the effect of KD and VLKD on serum UA concentrations.
Gene-specific machine learning for pathogenicity prediction of rare BRCA1 and BRCA2 missense variants
Authors: Kang Moonjong , Kim Seonhwa , Lee Da-Bin , Hong Changbum , Hwang Kyu-Baek
Published: June 2023

Machine learning-based pathogenicity prediction helps interpret rare missense variants of BRCA1 and BRCA2, which are associated with hereditary cancers. Recent studies have shown that classifiers trained using variants of a specific gene or a set of genes related to a particular disease perform better than those trained using all variants, due to their higher specificity, despite the smaller training dataset size. In this study, we further investigated the advantages of “gene-specific” machine learning compared to “disease-specific” machine learning. We used 1068 rare (gnomAD minor allele frequency (MAF) < 0.005) missense variants of 28 genes associated with hereditary cancers for our investigation. Popular machine learning classifiers were employed: regularized logistic regression, extreme gradient boosting, random forests, support vector machines, and deep neural networks. As features, we used MAFs from multiple populations, functional prediction and conservation scores, and positions of variants. The disease-specific training dataset included the gene-specific training dataset and was > 7 × larger. However, we observed that gene-specific training variants were sufficient to produce the optimal pathogenicity predictor if a suitable machine learning classifier was employed. Therefore, we recommend gene-specific over disease-specific machine learning as an efficient and effective method for predicting the pathogenicity of rare BRCA1 and BRCA2 missense variants.
SMCHD1 and LRIF1 converge at the FSHD-associated D4Z4 repeat and LRIF1 promoter yet display different modes of action
Authors: Šikrová Darina , Testa Alessandra M. , Willemsen Iris , van den Heuvel Anita , Tapscott Stephen J. , Daxinger Lucia , Balog Judit , van der Maarel Silvère M.
Published: June 2023

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is caused by the epigenetic derepression of the 4q-linked D4Z4 macrosatellite repeat resulting in inappropriate expression of the D4Z4 repeat-encoded DUX4 gene in skeletal muscle. In 5% of FSHD cases, D4Z4 chromatin relaxation is due to germline mutations in one of the chromatin modifiers SMCHD1, DNMT3B or LRIF1. The mechanism of SMCHD1- and LRIF1-mediated D4Z4 repression is not clear. We show that somatic loss-of-function of either SMCHD1 or LRIF1 does not result in D4Z4 chromatin changes and that SMCHD1 and LRIF1 form an auxiliary layer of D4Z4 repressive mechanisms. We uncover that SMCHD1, together with the long isoform of LRIF1, binds to the LRIF1 promoter and silences LRIF1 expression. The interdependency of SMCHD1 and LRIF1 binding differs between D4Z4 and the LRIF1 promoter, and both loci show different transcriptional responses to either early developmentally or somatically perturbed chromatin function of SMCHD1 and LRIF1.
Crustal remelting origin of highly silicic magmatism on the Moon
Authors: Su Bin , Chen Yi , Yue Zongyu , Chen Lin , Mitchell Ross N. , Tang Ming , Yang Wei , Huang Guangyu , Guo Jinghui , Li Xian-Hua , Wu Fu-Yuan
Published: June 2023

Orbital observations of non-mare, highly silicic volcanic constructs on the Moon challenge the conventional view of the formation of silicic crusts in the presence of water and plate tectonics—the former the Moon has in very short supply and the latter it likely never ever had. Revealing the silica-rich magma origin may reshape our understanding of early planetary crust formation. However, the cause of lunar silicic magmatism remains enigmatic. Here we conduct phase equilibrium simulations for potential lunar igneous lithologies that demonstrate that the compositions of silicic volcanic constructs can be produced by partial melting of KREEP (potassium, rare earth elements, and phosphorus) basalts. Either internal radiogenic heating or external impact bombardment can provide the heat needed for KREEP basalt melting. Combined with silica-rich materials identified on other rocky planets, we suggest that highly evolved crusts might be more prevalent in the early solar system than anticipated as they can originate from crustal remelting in the absence of water and plate tectonics.
Establishment and validation of an electron inelastic mean free path database for narrow bandgap inorganic compounds with a machine learning approach
Authors: Liu Xun , Lu Dabao , Hou Zhufeng , Nagata Kenji , Da Bo , Yoshikawa Hideki , Tanuma Shigeo , Sun Yang , Ding Zejun
Published: June 2023

We produced a massive database for 12 039 narrow bandgap inorganic compounds electron inelastic mean free path, with robust and in-depth validation for a machine learning application provided.
Spin–phonon coupling and magnetic relaxation in single-molecule magnets
Authors: Kragskow Jon G. C. , Mattioni Andrea , Staab Jakob K. , Reta Daniel , Skelton Jonathan M. , Chilton Nicholas F.
Published: June 2023

Electron–phonon coupling underlies many physical phenomena, but its microscopic origins are nuanced. This Review derives the spin–phonon interactions in molecules from first principles, and describes an implementation for molecular spin dynamics calculations.
Smart probes for optical imaging of T cells and screening of anti-cancer immunotherapies
Authors: Bertolini Marco , Wong Man Sing , Mendive-Tapia Lorena , Vendrell Marc
Published: June 2023

T cells are an essential component of the immune system and display multiple biological functions. Smart probes range from small fluorophores to nanoconstructs, and can target metabolic and enzymatic biomarkers as well as cell-surface receptors.
Use of a bioresource nanocomposite as a heterogeneous base catalyst for the green synthesis of novel bioactive pyrazoles: antibacterial evaluation using molecular docking
Authors: Aldulaijan Sarah , Nabil Sara , Alharthi Salha , Abdullatif Bushra AL , Abdel-Naby Abir S.
Published: June 2023

Synthesis and molecular docking of pyrazole derivatives using the heterogeneous basic, CS-DAA/MgO nanocomposite.
Direct amidation of acids in a screw reactor for the continuous flow synthesis of amides
Authors: Atapalkar Ranjit S. , Kulkarni Amol A.
Published: June 2023

A simple and efficient solvent-free protocol for continuous flow synthesis of amides at room temperature is developed using easily available starting materials.
Aerobic oxidation of alcohols using a slurry loop membrane reactor
Authors: Venezia Baldassarre , Gavriilidis Asterios
Published: June 2023

A loop reactor was designed and employed in the safe oxidation of alcohols using a flat polymeric membrane for controlling oxygen dosing, a circulating catalyst slurry for efficient catalyst usage and an extendable loop volume for higher productivity.
Emerging trends in nano-based antidiabetic therapeutics: a path to effective diabetes management
Authors: Sharma Ritika , Borah Shikha Jyoti , Bhawna  , Kumar Sanjeev , Gupta Akanksha , Kumari Vandana , Kumar Ravinder , Dubey Kashyap Kumar , Kumar Vinod
Published: June 2023

This review aims to provide an overview of nanoparticles for diabetes mellitus therapy. It explores the properties, synthesis and/or functionalization, mechanistic aspects, and therapeutics for diabetes and its complications.
Geometry engineering of a multiple resonance core via a phenyl-embedded strategy toward highly efficient narrowband blue OLEDs
Authors: Wu Yimin , Liu Xiaoyu , Liu Junjie , Yang Ge , Han Songyan , Yang Dezhi , Cao Xiaosong , Ma Dongge , Bin Zhengyang , You Jingsong
Published: June 2023

Phenyl-embedded molecular engineering enables an efficient nitrogen-carbonyl-containing multi-resonance (N-CO MR) emitter, giving rise to the record-high external quantum efficiency of 24.1% for blue N-CO MR-OLEDs without sensitizers.
Fabrication of a textile-based triboelectric nanogenerator toward high-efficiency energy harvesting and material recognition
Authors: Huang Junjun , Wang Sanlong , Zhao Xingke , Zhang Wenqing , Chen Zhenming , Liu Rui , Li Peng , Li Honglin , Gui Chengmei
Published: June 2023

Textile-based triboelectric nanogenerator (T-TENG) devices, particularly, narrow-gap mode, have been conceived and developed for obtaining energy harvesting and tactile sensing devices unaffected by the external environment.
Effect of Ti and Au buffer layers on controlling the density and wettability of well-aligned ZnO nanorod arrays grown on different substrates
Authors: Kamruzzaman M. , Zapien J. A.
Published: June 2023

ZnO nanorod arrays (NRAs) have potential applications as building blocks for nanoscale electronic, optoelectronic, and sensing applications.
Tailoring dual drug-backboned polyurethane prodrug nanoparticles as all-in-one nanomedicine for precise multimodal imaging-guided PTT-chemotherapy
Authors: Liu Guozheng , Wu Jiazhen , Liu Siyuan , Luan Mingming , Xu Jing , Wu Yanjuan
Published: June 2023

The combination of chemotherapy with photothermal therapy (PTT) based on all-in-one nanotheranostics has great potential to enhance the accuracy of diagnosis, realize real-time tracking of nanodrugs, and enhance the efficacy of anticancer treatment.
Crystallization and melting of polymer chains on graphene and graphene oxide
Authors: Ghasemi Arman , Liao Yangchao , Li Zhaofan , Xia Wenjie , Gao Wei
Published: June 2023

Molecular dynamics simulations revealed distinctive crystallization and melting behaviors of confined polymer chains, influenced by polarity and surface chemistry, providing valuable insights for the design of graphene-based polymer heterostructures.
LiCoO2 cathode surface modification with optimally structured Li3PO4 for outstanding high-voltage cycling performance
Authors: Ji Yuxuan , Wei Jian , Liang Di , Chen Bing , Li Xueting , Zhang Hao , Yin Zongyou
Published: June 2023

A coprecipitation method is used to form a crystalline Li3PO4 coating onto a LiCoO2 surface that enables balancing of the ionic conductivity and chemical stability, thus enhancing the electrochemical performance in lithium-ion batteries.
Crystal photonics foundry: geometrical shaping of molecular single crystals into next generation optical cavities
Authors: Pradeep Vuppu Vinay , Chosenyah Melchi , Mamonov Evgeniy , Chandrasekar Rajadurai
Published: June 2023

FIB milling of perylene and coumarin-135 microcrystals provides dimensionally- and geometrically-precise photonic resonators, paving a way for the industrial-scale production of organic photonic modules and devices.
Iron-catalyzed alkoxyl radical-mediated C–C bond cleavage/phosphorothiolation: a new approach to functionalized S-alkyl phosphorothioates
Authors: Bai Ming , Liu Shuai , Xin Hong , Yang Xu , Duan Xin-Hua , Guo Li-Na
Published: June 2023

A cheap iron-catalyzed alkoxyl radical-mediated C–C bond cleavage/phosphorothiolation cascade is presented. This protocol features mild and redox neutral conditions, wide substrate scope and easy scalability.
Convenient synthesis of N-alkyl-3,1-benzoxazin-2-ones from carbamate protected anthranil aldehydes and ketones via one-step alkylation/alkoxy rearrangement
Authors: Tian Guang , Jin Wei-Li , Qin Chuanguang , Wang Jie
Published: June 2023

A new straightforward protocol was developed to synthesize N-alkyl-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one derivatives in one step, where 3 chemical bonds and 1 ring were constructed cooperatively.
A gold-complex initiated functionalization of biologically active polyphenols applied to a 18F-labeled chemical probe
Authors: Liu Ziyun , Fukagawa Yuki , Yamano Masaharu , Tago Tetsuro , Iwai Kumiko , Hirano Keiichi , Kumazoe Motofumi , Tachibana Hirofumi , Toyohara Jun , Tanaka Hiroshi
Published: June 2023

A gold-complex initiated electrophilic aromatic substitution with amidomethyl 2-alknylbenzoates shortens the process to 18F-labeled polyphenol EGCG.
Bimetallic-based composites for potassium-ion storage: challenges and perspectives
Authors: Hu Ping , Dong Yulian , Wu Zhijun , Fu Qun , Zhao Huaping , Lei Yong
Published: June 2023

Bimetallic-based compounds are regarded as promising anode materials. This review highlights design strategies of various bimetallic-based compounds and summarizes the latest research progress, challenges and prospectives for their applications in PIBs.
Dredging sodium polysulfides using a Fe3C electrocatalyst to realize improved room-temperature Na–S batteries
Authors: Huang Xiang Long , Hussain Tanveer , Liu Hanwen , Kaewmaraya Thanayut , Xu Maowen , Liu Hua Kun , Dou Shi Xue , Wang Zhiming
Published: June 2023

The shuttle effect of soluble polysulfides is a critical challenge that hinders the realization of pragmatic room-temperature sodium–sulfur (RT Na–S) batteries.
Research on dye sensitized solar cells: recent advancement toward the various constituents of dye sensitized solar cells for efficiency enhancement and future prospects
Authors: Rahman Sultana , Haleem Abdul , Siddiq Muhammad , Hussain Muhammad Khalid , Qamar Samina , Hameed Safia , Waris Muhammad
Published: June 2023

It is universally accepted that the financial advancement of a state is essentially dependent upon the energy sector as it is essential in the growth, development, and improvement of the farming, mechanical, and defense sectors.
Lead isotope analysis for provenancing ancient materials: a comparison of approaches
Authors: De Ceuster Sarah , Machaira Dimitra , Degryse Patrick
Published: June 2023

In this study, three methods to couple the lead isotopic signature of archaeological artefacts to their possible mining region are compared: the conventional assessment of biplots, kernel density estimates and an approach considering model ages.
Impact of residence time distributions in reacting magnesium packed beds on Grignard reagent formation – selectivity of Grignard reagent formation (part 2)
Authors: Deitmann Eva , Maskos Michael , Menges-Flanagan Gabriele , Ziegenbalg Dirk
Published: June 2023

The selectivity of the benchmark benzylmagnesium bromide synthesis is influenced by the degree of backmixing and is enhanced by choosing a tubular flow reactor instead of a batch reactor and by application of a suitable pump-induced flow behavior.
Unveiling the mechanisms behind surface degradation of dental resin composites in simulated oral environments
Authors: Leung Brenda Ah-yan , Joe William , Mofarah Sajjad S. , Sorrell Charles C. , Abbasi Roozbeh , Azadeh Mohsen , Arsecularatne Joseph A , Koshy Pramod
Published: June 2023

Degradation behavior of dental composites in oral environments simulating gastroesophageal reflux was analysed. Further, thermodynamic and quantitative analyses of the composites uncovered their aqueous stabilities and degradation mechanisms.
CPL calculations of [7]helicenes with alleged exceptional emission dissymmetry values
Authors: Guido Ciro A. , Zinna Francesco , Pescitelli Gennaro
Published: June 2023

Probing the Chiroptical Enigma: compelling evidence calling for a re-evaluation of experimentalglumvalues of two 1,1′-bitriphenylene-based [7]helicenes is obtained by TD-DFT simulations with advanced state-specific solvation effects.
Industrial‐generative pre‐trained transformer for intelligent manufacturing systems
Authors: Wang Han , Liu Min , Shen Weiming
Published: June 2023

Manufacturing enterprises are facing how to utilise industrial knowledge and continuously accumulating massive unlabelled data to achieve human‐cyber‐physical collaborative and autonomous intelligence. Recently, artificial intelligence‐generative content has achieved great performance in several domains and scenarios. A new concept of industrial generative pre‐trained Transformer (Industrial‐GPT) for intelligent manufacturing systems is introduced to solve various scenario tasks. It refers to pre‐training with industrial datasets, fine‐tuning with industrial scenarios, and reinforcement learning with domain knowledge. To enable Industrial‐GPT to better empower the manufacturing industry, Model as a Service is introduced to cloud computing as a new service mode, which provides a more efficient and flexible service approach by directly invoking the general model of the upper layer and customising it for specific businesses. Then, the operation mechanism of the Industrial‐GPT driven intelligent manufacturing system is described. Finally, the challenges and prospects of applying the Industrial‐GPT in the manufacturing industry are discussed.
An accurate power control strategy for electromagnetic rotary power controllers
Authors: Yan Xiangwu , Shao Chen , Jia Jiaoxin , Aslam Waseem , Peng Weifeng , Yang Ruojia
Published: June 2023

With the rapid development of active distribution networks, the “petal”‐type distribution network has become the mainstream power supply structure. Power control methods for active distribution networks should be further studied to ensure the safe and reliable power supply of a distribution system. An electromagnetic rotary power flow controller (RPFC) is a feasible solution for controlling power in active distribution networks. However, when testing the effectiveness of the PQ decoupled control method for RPFC based on instantaneous reactive power theory, difficulties were encountered with the synchronous control of the rotor position angle of two rotating‐phase transformers, and the accuracy of power control was unsatisfactory. Given this condition, PQ control is improved in three ways. First, the system's periodic oscillation problem is solved via variable speed control. Second, the servo motor‐rotary phase‐shifting transformer synchronous rotation scheme, which reduces power control error and improves stability, is designed. Third, the overshoot phenomenon in power control is improved using the variable‐domain fuzzy proportional‐integral adaptive method. Experimental results show that the proposed advanced control scheme exhibits good dynamic and static performance in power control scenarios and achieves effective improvement in RPFC.
Improving traffic time‐series predictability by imputing continuous non‐random missing data
Authors: Miao Meng , Kang Mingyu , Qian Xusheng , Chen Duxin , Wu Weijiang , Yu Wenwu
Published: June 2023

Continuous non‐random data missing can be a challenging task for model prediction in intelligent transport system (ITS). In ITS, many methods have been proposed to solve this problem. However, the imputation accuracy of them is far from accurate. Thus, the authors propose a novel cross‐modality generative adversarial network, named as cross‐modality GAN, to impute continuous non‐random missing data from the cross‐modality perspective. This model uses the cross‐modality data fusion technique to fuse spatial and temporal modal data into vectorized features, and then imputes the target unseen missing data by a data generation pipeline. Different from the other existing models, this model overcomes the problem of zero observation data, and realizes long‐term missing time series imputation. Many comparative experiments are conducted. The results verify that the cross‐modality GAN achieves better imputation performances on Performance Measurement System (PeMS) dataset, a real public traffic dataset, compared to other baseline models. Furthermore, the results verify that the imputed data of cross‐modality GAN can provide more traffic time‐series predictability information, and improve prediction accuracy of prediction models effectively.
Enhanced charge circuitry for indoor photovoltaic energy harvesting with fast activation and high efficiency
Authors: Wang Chung‐Hsiang , Huang Kuo‐Hsuan , Wu Chung‐Yen
Published: June 2023

Using batteries in low‐power Internet of Things (IoT) devices poses a risk of environmental pollution. Energy harvesting (EH) systems are needed to capture ambient energy and charge supercapacitors to address this issue. Indoor photovoltaic (PV) panels are a promising power source, but their weak ambient energy makes it challenging to activate IoT end nodes quickly. Here, an EH system enhanced charge circuitry with fast activation is proposed that reduces IoT end nodes activation time to less than 2 s, compared to the traditional 19.8 h, if an indoor PV panel supplying 28 µA to charge a 1 F capacity supercapacitor from 0 to 2 V. This system also offers high‐efficiency charging, enabling supercapacitors to replace batteries, particularly when charging from 0 to 1.2 V, with a charge time improvement ratio of 64%. These breakthroughs address long‐standing challenges in IoT power systems and reduce environmental pollution.
Polarimetric airborne scientific instrument, mark 2, an ice‐sounding airborne synthetic aperture radar for subglacial 3D imagery
Authors: Arenas‐Pingarrón Álvaro , Corr Hugh F. J. , Robinson Carl , Jordan Tom A. , Brennan Paul V.
Published: June 2023

Polarimetric Airborne Scientific INstrument, mark 2 (PASIN2) is a 150 MHz coherent pulsed radar with the purpose of deep ice sounding for bedrock, subglacial channels and ice‐water interface detection in Antarctica. It is designed and operated by the British Antarctic Survey from 2014. With multiple antennas, oriented along and across‐track, for transmission and reception, it enables polarimetric 3D estimation of the ice base with a single pass, reducing the gridding density of the survey paths. The off‐line data processing stream consists of channel calibration; 2D synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging based on back‐projection, for along‐track and range dimensions; and finally, a direction of arrival estimation (DoA) of the remaining across‐track angle, by modifying the non‐linear MUSIC algorithm. Calibration flights, during the Antarctic Summer campaigns in 16/17 and 19/20 seasons, assessed and validated the instrument and processing performances. Imaging flights over ice streams and ice shelves close to grounding lines demonstrate the 3D sensing capabilities. By resolving directional ambiguities and accounting for reflector across‐track location, the true ice thickness and bed elevation are obtained, thereby removing the error of the usual assumption of vertical DoA, that greatly influence the output of flow models of ice dynamics.
Formation mechanism of surface upwarping and black line defects on low carbon hot rolled plate
Authors: Zhao Shuo , Lyu Jingcai , Song Gaoyang , Wang Jianfeng , Xu Dong , Li Zushu
Published: June 2023

To improve the surface quality of low-carbon hot-rolled steel plates, the upwarping and black line defects were investigated by means of XRF (X-ray diffractometer), OM (optical microscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EBSD (electron back scatter diffraction). The results showed that the micro area compositions under surface upwarping and black line defects were mainly made of secondary oxide particles, steelmaking slag and mould flux respectively. According to the metallographic structure, inclusion compositions and grains texture analysis, it could be concluded that surface defects on hot rolled plates were attributed to the entrapment of ladle slag or mould flux, gas bubbles, micro-cracks of casting slab in the steelmaking process, rolled-in scale and unreasonable sizing press rolling parameters during the rolling process, and the position and formation process of typical surface defects on hot rolled plates were discussed in detail. Finally, it concluded that the slag entrapment and solidification hook should be controlled during continuous casting.
Survival Processing Improves Memory of minority primary students
Authors: Yu Rui , Tao Yun , Lei Lei
Published: June 2023

This electronic document is a “live” template. The various components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] are already defined on the style sheet, as illustrated by the portions given in this document. It is believed that humans tend to have better memory performance under survival conditions, and this survival advantage effect of memory should be beneficial to human survival and reproduction according to evolutionary psychology. In this research, primary school students from the Han ethnic group and special “the directly-entering-socialism ethnic groups” were used as participants, and vocabularies and pictures were used as learning materials. Using the unconscious learning research paradigm and variance analysis methods, the research found that the pupils of the Nu ethnic minority and the Drung ethnic minority, like those of the Han ethnic group, had better memory performance in survival condition than other condition. That is, there was a memory survival advantage effect. In addition, the memory performance of the pupils of the Nu ethnic minority was better than that of the pupils of the Drung ethnic minority and the Han ethnic group on the whole. The participants’ memory performance of the picture material was better than that of the vocabulary material.
ICTs Intervention for Chinese Adolescents with Mental Health Disorders: Based on Satir family Therapy
Authors: Chen Minmin , Li Zhixi , Bi Yudi
Published: June 2023

Recently, the growing mental health concerns among Chinese adolescents have become a critical issue that requires innovative solutions. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) play an important role in addressing these challenges. The access and use of technology to receive information, services, and support has been increasingly drawing attention from researchers. However, limited research has been analyzed to apply ICTs to Chinese adolescents’ mental health on the basis of Satir family therapy. This study was to explore the theoretical and practical models of using ICTs to intervene in adolescent mental health problems based on Satir family therapy, which provided a theoretical basis for further research, and suggested that more attention should be paid to the intervention of ICTs in Chinese adolescents with mental health disorders. The literature review and telephone interviews were conducted with nine Chinese adolescents with mental health problems. A thematic analysis was then conducted based on the data collected to extract common themes, which were used to refine the theoretical and practical models explored. Ultimately, a theoretical model was refined: (1) ICTs as accessible and immediate tools that can provide support in connecting individuals, families, and society. (2) ICTs as an influencing factor need to be assessed for potential dangers, such as internet addiction. The study also refined a practical model. At the prevention level, (1) using online platforms to assist youth in understanding mental health and regaining self-confidence; (2) using micro-videos to assist meditation and enhance the vitality of the individual iceberg; and (3) using social media to connect family and external resources to access to family and peers. At the intervention level, the latent problems brought about by ICTs, such as inaccessibility and reliance on them, and the level of professional intervention by therapists, all need to be brought to the attention of future research. In conclusion, this technology model can be made more accessible and efficient, particularly for those living in areas with limited access to mental health services. This study contributes to the existing research by exploring the potential of ICTs to enhance the delivery of family therapy and improve the mental health of Chinese adolescents. It is essential to maximize the benefits and minimize the downsides of digital divide.
Effects of parenting styles on young children’s social skills
Authors: Yao Rongnan
Published: June 2023

The family is the basic environment in which young children live and is the main vehicle for their socialization. Parenting styles, as the consistent style of parenting demonstrated by parents in the family, impact the child’s mental health and social skills development to some extent. Social skills are important skills that young children acquire and use appropriately through positive interactions with adults and peers and are widely used in their social interactions and adaptation to social life. This paper categorizes parenting styles, generalizes the social skills of young children, and examines the effects of parenting styles on young children’s social skills from both positive and negative perspectives. As a representative of positive parenting styles, the democratic parenting style was positively associated with and positively predicted the development of social skills; coddling, permissive, authoritarian, and inconsistent parenting styles were negatively associated with and negatively predicted the development of social skills. This paper proposes recommendations to promote the development of social skills in young children, such as popular science lectures in schools and parent meetings, parents improving their parenting knowledge, and fathers increasing their involvement in parenting, hoping to help parents learn more about scientific parenting and apply it in practice, and to provide research directions for future studies.
Analysis on UTR system in China by Communication, Psychological, and Sociological Factors
Authors: Zhou David
Published: June 2023

Tennis had a long history and was introduced to China about 130 years ago. However, the development of Chinese tennis wasn’t as fast as other sports introduced at the same time. The dominant reason for this problem is the weakness of the current tennis system and the tennis environment. In order to speed up the development in the Chinese tennis environment, the introduction of the UTR system would be the efficient way. The article will focus on the comparison between US tennis development and China tennis development from communication, psychological, and sociological factors. Our finding indicates that the introduction of the UTR system would lead to the increasing trend of tennis development in China, and more talented players succeed internationally.
The Increasing Youthfulness of Depression: Theoretical Model of Positive Affective Dysregulation
Authors: Lin Ruiying , Zeng Zhicheng
Published: June 2023

The Positive Affective Dysregulation Model has universal applicability for individuals with depression. This paper explores the reasons behind the increasing prevalence of depression among adolescents, the situation of depression among adolescents under the Positive Affective Dysregulation Model, the relationship between the increasing prevalence of depression among adolescents and the theory of Positive Affective Dysregulation Model, the causes of Positive Affective Dysregulation, and how to prevent it. Despite some research conducted in the market regarding depression, this paper delves deeper into the study using this theoretical framework.
Exploring the Ways of Integrating Traditional Chinese Medicine Culture with the Civic Education of College Students
Authors: Xiaoxuan Ma , Yong Hu
Published: June 2023

Traditional Chinese Medicine is the crystallization of Chinese people’s exploration of the way of life and health for thousands of years, which contains rich philosophical ideas, medical theories and treatment methods. Therefore, by clarifying the connotation and significance of the excellent traditional culture of TCM and analyzing the realistic dilemmas in its integration into the civic education of colleges and universities, we aim to enhance the ideology and affinity of the teaching of TCM on the basis of insisting on diversified teaching measures and aligning with the teaching objectives, so as to achieve the integration of TCM culture into the whole process of civic education of young students.