bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
German Film
Authors: Rother Rainer , Herbst-Meßlinger Karin , Aurich Rolf , Jaspers Kristina , Mänz Peter
Published: October 2024

This lavishly illustrated volume tells the story of German film through the collection of the Deutsche Kinemathek. From its beginnings in 1895 to the present day, it illustrates the artistic and technical, political, and social developments that have shaped and continue to shape, the history of film in Germany. Organized by decade and divided into twelve chapters, more than 420 essays explore films both famous and obscure. It celebrates this important cultural medium and its spectators as well as all the personalities who have shaped the diversity of German film through their creativity. More than 2,700 objects from all areas of the collection and spanning a period of around 130 years, many of them published for the first time, provide a comprehensive insight into the Kinemathek’s archive holdings and an in-depth understanding of film history.
PENGARUH MINAT MEMBACA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR EKONOMI SISWA KELAS XI MA AL-IHSAN PONDOK GEDE
Authors: Tsani Iqbal Maulana  , Chientya Annisa Rahman Putri  , Dermawan
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh minat membaca terhadap hasil belajar ekonomi siswa kelas XI di MA Al-Ihsan Pondok Gede, Bekasi. Latar belakang penelitian ini didasarkan pada rendahnya minat baca siswa yang dapat mempengaruhi hasil belajar mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang diberikan kepada 33 siswa, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear sederhana. Yang diolah dengan menggunakan SPSS (Statistical Package for the Sciences) versi 29 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minat baca tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran ekonomi. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari hasil Koefisien arah regresi / β X= 0,383 (bernilai negatif ) artinya, maka apabila minat baca meningkat satu (1) satuan, maka hasil belajar mengalami penurunan sebesar 0,383, dengan menggunakan uji t didapat t-hitung signifikansi variabel minat baca  yaitu sebesar 0,001 yang dimana lebih kecil dari < 0,05 uji koefisien determinasi nilai R square sebesar 2,1 % dan sisanya 97,9 % dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti pada penelitian ini.
A Study on a Method of Detecting Heavy Metal Content Using Thioglycolic Acid and Quartz Crucible
Authors: Fu Guoqiang , Qian Xinyue , Liu Xinyi , Wang Enxu
Published: October 2024

In the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the method of detecting heavy metals commonly uses thioglycolic acid. It is often used as a special method for the limit check of heavy metals in raw pharmaceutical or cosmetic raw materials. Traditional use of porcelain crucibles in sample pretreatment may result in false positive reactions. This study used quartz crucibles to replace the traditional porcelain crucibles to study the possibility of contamination. It was found that the false negative reactions caused by crucible material can be eliminated, and the precision of the method was verified by detecting three batches of samples. The method has good repeatability and accuracy. It can replace the use of traditional porcelain crucibles in the method of detecting heavy metals with thioglycolic acid.
Obesidad infantil: relación entre leptina, tirotrofina y obesidad
Authors: Paz Verónica , Holoveski Laura Daiana , Insúa Claudia , Ferraro Mabel
Published: October 2024

La leptina es una hormona proteica sintetizada principalmente por los adipocitos. En el hipotálamo, inhibe la ingesta y aumenta el gasto energético. En pacientes obesos se encuentra aumentada, indicando resistencia a su acción. Está reportado que entre el 10 y 25 % de esta población presenta niveles de tirotrofina ligeramente elevados no relacionados con patología tiroidea. Se ha sugerido a la eptina como nexo entre obesidad y aumento de tirotrofina. No hay estudios reportados en población prepúber. Objetivo: evaluar la relación entre leptina sérica, obesidad y tirotrofina sérica en pacientes obesos prepúberes.Materiales y métodos: se incluyeron 30 pacientes prepúberes obesos (índice de masa corporal puntaje Z ≥ 2) de entre 4 y 11 años. Se determinó leptina por un método enzimoinmunométrico y tirotrofina por un ensayo inmunométrico quimioluminiscente. Se midió peso, talla y perímetro de cintura y se calculó el índice de masa corporal y el índice de masa corporal puntaje Z mediante un software. Se utilizó el test de Shapiro-Wilk, correlación de Spearman y de Pearson. Resultados: la leptina correlacionó positivamente con el índice de masa corporal (r= 0,484; p = 0,007), el perímetro de cintura (r = 0,788; p = 0,004) y la tirotrofina (r = 0,476; p = 0,012). No se observó correlación entre tirotrofina e índice de masa corporal. Las relaciones entre los diferentes parámetros variaron al discriminar la población por género. Conclusiones: nuestros resultados evidencian que en pacientes obesos prepúberes la leptina tiene una relación positiva con el índice de masa corporal, el perímetro
Long-run Relationship between Power Consumption and Manufacturing Sector Output in Nigeria
Authors: Nwosu Chinedu A. , Emeh Kenneth O. , Ndukwe Obinna P. , Akobundu Precious C. , Ikechukwu Precious C.
Published: October 2024

Power remains the engine of growth of every economy while the manufacturing sector remains the key driver of a transformed modern economy. Despite several power sector reforms, Nigeria’s manufacturing sector continued to underperform. This study focused on examining the long-run relationship between power consumption and manufacturing sector output in Nigeria. We estimated an ARDL model based on the bounds-testing approach to cointegration. Our results indicate that manufacturing sector output and electricity consumption are cointegrated and that short-run deviations from equilibrium are corrected up to 83 per cent annually. The result showed that power consumption is positively related to manufacturing sector output. This implies that improved power sector will stimulate manufacturing sector growth. Our result also showed that capital formation, labour force and private sector credit are positively related to the manufacturing sector while the monetary policy rate is negatively related to the manufacturing sector. Given our findings, we recommend that the government should implement a sustainable power sector reform that prioritizes the manufacturing sector. This will stimulate growth, reduce the cost of energy and indirectly reduce price of manufactured products. We equally recommend creating a conducive environment for investment in the manufacturing sector through favourable monetary policy rates to allow manufacturers access to credit.
Knowledge Management in Local Governments: A Boost or a Brake on Productivity?
Authors: Montano Santos , Montano Julio , Quiroz Baldemar , Alcahuaman Jeny , Espejo-Chacón Luis Fernando , García Luis Alberto Torres
Published: October 2024

This study analyzes the impact of knowledge management on the productivity of a local government, to determine whether it acts as a boost or a brake on institutional performance. Using a quantitative approach, a non-experimental design and an explanatory level, 119 municipal workers were evaluated using validated and reliable instruments. The dimensions of knowledge detection, capture and development were examined, applying Spearman correlation and ordinal regression. The results revealed a positive and significant correlation between knowledge management and productivity (Rho = 0.810, p = 0.000), indicating that effective management is associated with higher levels of productivity. The regression model showed that knowledge management explains 66.2% of the variability in productivity, reflecting an important influence. However, areas for improvement were identified, especially in knowledge detection, where significant levels of inefficiency and regularity were perceived. It was concluded that knowledge management in the local government studied acts both as a boost and a brake on productivity. It is recommended to implement strategies that strengthen detection, capture and knowledge development practices, in order to optimize operational efficiency and offer higher quality services to the population.
OPTIMIZING THE OPERATION OF SMART CITIES TO INCREASE SUSTAINABLE TOURISM ATTRACTIVENESS
Authors:   International University of Tourism and Hospitality, KULBAEVA А. , KENZHEBAEVA U. ,   International University of Tourism and Hospitality, ABISHEVA А. ,   Turkestan Industrial and Technical College named after Tanirbergenov, KULBAEVA М. ,   Yasawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: October 2024

The article describes the main aspects of the development of smart tourism in nine smart cities. Analysis of the results of questionnaires assessing the state of the digital economy and the level of development of information and communication technologies in the tourism sector. The main trends and directions of development were assessed, as well as recommendations for optimizing the operation of smart cities to increase tourist attractiveness were proposed. In addition, the purpose of this article is not only to increase the tourist attractiveness, but also to ensure the sustainability of urban infrastructure, preserve environmental safety and improve the quality of life of the population. The economic consequences of reasonable tourism activities in the city, job creation opportunities and investment attractiveness were also taken into account. The results of the study show that with the help of intelligent technologies, it is possible to improve tourist information systems, expand digital services and increase the mobility of urban infrastructure.
Introducción a la enfermería psicosocial
Authors:   Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus Celaya- Salvatierra, Moreno Pérez Norma Elvira , Lara Pérez Ricardo ,   Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Facultad de Enfermería Tampico
Published: October 2024

Introducción a la enfermería psicosocial pretende ser considerado como el primer acercamiento a la enfermería psicoso-cial. La especialidad de la enfermería psicosocial estudia los aspectos psicológicos, sociales y espirituales de los cuidados durante todo el proceso de salud-enfermedad, tanto en individuos como en grupos. Una adecuada intervención psicosocial se asocia con una mejora sustancial en el bienestar del paciente, a saber, disminuye la percepción del dolor, la ansiedad, el estrés o el temor ante situaciones incomprendidas (como la enfermedad o el proceso de muerte), mejora la confianza del paciente hacia el profesional, la adherencia al tratamiento y la calidad de la atención profesional, permitiendo que el paciente se involucre en su abordaje terapéutico. En la presente obra se engloban temas como las habilidades en la comunicación, la empatía, las relaciones intra e interpersonales, la escucha activa, el estrés y el duelo, por ejemplo. Además, se desarrolla el abordaje de enfermería en casos de alteración en los diferentes dominios psicosociales. Estos contenidos son de relevancia para la práctica asistencial debido a que representan situaciones donde difícilmente el profesional tiene una preparación adecuada, debido a que se prioriza el enfoque biomédico sobre la atención de las otras esferas de la persona (emociones, sentimientos, espiritualidad y relaciones sociales).
Transformation of Personnel Management in Improving Islamic Education
Authors: Solehan Solehan
Published: October 2024

Changes in personnel management are crucial along with increasing demands for the professionalism and competence of teaching staff in Islamic educational institutions. This transformation covers various aspects, starting from recruitment and selection, competency development, to teacher performance evaluation. The research method used in this article is a literature study that analyzes various library sources related to personnel management and Islamic education. The research results show that implementing effective personnel management can increase teacher motivation and performance, which in turn has a positive impact on the quality of learning and student achievement. In addition, the integration of Islamic values ​​in the personnel management process can create a conducive and harmonious work environment, which greatly supports the achievement of Islamic education goals. This article concludes that personnel management transformation is a strategic step that must be taken by Islamic educational institutions to face the challenges and dynamics of the current world of education.
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Machtstrukturen im politischen Diskurs : Praktiken weiblicher Genitalverstümmelung im Deutschen Bundestag zwischen 1994 und 2021
Authors:   , Kleinsorg Lea Kristin
Published: October 2024

This dissertation analyses the emergence and development of the discourse on female genital mutilations at the political level in Germany. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the power effects of this discourse and their impact on affected and at-risk girls and women. Discourses on female genital mutilations are based on the recognized knowledge and truths about these practices at a specific time and place. Truth is always intertwined with power, as it determines which interpretation of reality prevails. An analysis can reveal how this discursive power influences the lived realities of affected and threatened girls and women in Germany by significantly shaping how they are treated and the support they receive. On this basis, potential strategies can be identified to transform the discourse for the benefit of those affected. To analyse the power effects of the discourse, my research draws on Michel Foucault's discourse theory, augmented with a feminist perspective. Based on this theoretical foundation, I conduct a critical discourse and dispositive analysis following the approach of the Duisburg Institute of Language and Social Research. The primary data source for this analysis is the plenary protocols of the German Bundestag. The central finding of my research is that the examined discourse generates power effects that manifest in a dual nature, both productive and destructive. The power exerted a productive effect by shaping the knowledge that brought forth a discourse on female genital mutilations at the political level in Germany at the end of the 1990s. Within this discourse, the prevailing knowledge deemed female genital mutilations as a deviation from the norm. Affected and at-risk girls and women were characterized as passive and in need of protection, and were perceived as foreign and different. This evaluation led to a distinction between a supposedly civilized and morally superior we-group, which preserves the genital integrity of its female members, and a backward and immoral group of others that practices female genital mutilations. These groups stood in a hegemonic relationship to one another. At the top of this hierarchical gradient, the discourse privileged the we-group, which held the interpretive authority, while the interpretation suppressed the group of others. Thus, the power of the discourse was evident in its destructive impact on the marginalized group.
Private Funding at High-Level Elections: the Costa Rican Case for Explaining Vote Increase
Authors: Gamboa Solano David
Published: October 2024

Este estudio analiza el papel del financiamiento privado y público en la determinación de los resultados electorales en Costa Rica, con un enfoque en el período de 2010 a 2020. Basado en datos de múltiples ciclos electorales, la investigación explora cómo las contribuciones financieras influyen en el éxito de los partidos políticos en un sistema de financiamiento mixto donde tanto los fondos estatales como los privados juegan roles significativos. El análisis revela que el financiamiento privado es un fuerte predictor del desempeño electoral, especialmente en elecciones a nivel nacional, donde se correlaciona significativamente con la cantidad de votos obtenidos. El número de donantes individuales también emerge como un factor importante, reflejando un mayor apoyo público y contribuyendo al éxito electoral. Además, el estudio encuentra que los partidos que compiten a nivel nacional se benefician de una mayor visibilidad y la capacidad de acumular votos a lo largo de diferentes elecciones,  lo que mejora aún más sus perspectivas electorales. La interacción entre el financiamiento público y privado destaca la complejidad del sistema de financiamiento electoral de Costa Rica, sugiriendo que los partidos que aprovechan efectivamente ambas fuentes de financiamiento tienen más probabilidades de tener éxito. Estos hallazgos tienen importantes implicaciones para comprender la dinámica del financiamiento político en democracias emergentes y subrayan la necesidad de continuar los esfuerzos para garantizar la transparencia y equidad en los procesos electorales. El estudio concluye discutiendo las implicaciones más amplias de estos resultados para los sistemas electorales en América Latina y sugiere áreas para futuras investigaciones.
Prospectiva de la Justicia Penal Costarricense: ¿Punitiva o Restaurativa? Reflexiones Epistemológicas sobre los Paradigmas de la Justicia Restaurativa y el Derecho Penal del Enemigo
Authors: Paniagua Rodríguez Cristhel
Published: October 2024

La discusión sobre justicia y el sistema legal se enriquece al examinar dos enfoques clave en el presente ensayo: la Justicia Restaurativa y el Derecho Penal del Enemigo desde la óptica costarricense. Se profundiza en las bases constitucionales del país y su interacción con los objetivos del derecho y la justicia. Los fundamentos de ambos enfoques son meticulosamente explorados, generando cuestionamientos sobre su adecuación al modelo costarricense y su relación con las partes involucradas en un proceso judicial típico. La investigación reflexiona sobre las diversas perspectivas estatales para enfrentar la delincuencia y el delito, destacando la existencia y particularidades de la Justicia Penal. Se busca discernir cuál modelo armoniza mejor con los valores y principios constitucionales, así como la percepcide la sociedad hacia estos enfoques. En este contexto, se analiza la aplicación y aceptación de la Justicia Restaurativa frente a la Retribución, proporcionando una visión integral sobre la convergencia entre teoría y práctica en el sistema de justicia nacional. Además, se examinan los desafíos y oportunidades que enfrenta el país en la implementación efectiva de estos enfoques, considerando aspectos como la capacidad institucional y la sensibilización pública. Se destaca la importancia de promover una cultura de diálogo y reconciliación en la resolución de conflictos, así como de garantizar la protección de los derechos humanos de todas las partes involucradas en el sistema de justicia. Este análisis exhaustivo pretende contribuir al debate público y al desarrollo de políticas que fortalezcan la justicia y el Estado de derecho en Costa Rica.
Rethinking Curriculum through Trainees' Eyes: Investigating Perceptions of Technical and Vocational Trainees' English Proficiency
Authors:   Department of Foreign Languages and Literature, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Shewangizaw Gashaw , Hailu Alemu ,   Department of Foreign Languages and Literature, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Published: October 2024

This study investigates English language proficiency and difficulties among trainees at Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Technical and Vocational Training Institute (TVTI). As English proficiency becomes increasingly vital for career success, particularly in technical fields like garment and apparel fashion, understanding the specific language needs within the Ethiopian TVET context is crucial. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were gathered from 108 trainees through questionnaires, observations, and interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed with SPSS 25, and qualitative data with NVivo. Results indicated that writing is perceived as the most challenging skill, with variability in responses influenced by individual factors. Note-taking, technical reports, and understanding instructions were also rated as difficult. These findings align with previous research, emphasizing the impact of cultural and confidence factors on language perceptions. The study underscores the importance of contextualized skill development to meet the technical terminology demands in this context.
UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS: Knowledge, compliance and perceived barriers among dental practitioners of public and private dental institutes in Karachi
Authors: Younus (PhD Scholar) Dr. Anjum , Aleem Dr. Abdul , Khan Dr. Tajjal , Khan Prof. Dr. Muhammad Khalil
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess the knowledge and use of universal precautions for blood-borne pathogens and to assess the perceived barriers of adherence to universal precautions at workplace among dentists at public and private dental hospitals in Karachi. In addition, the frequency of exposure to blood-borne pathogens and needle stick injuries among dentists in the last six months. Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the dental institutes of Karachi. The study tool was a self-administered healthcare professional questionnaire inquiring about respondent characteristics, knowledge level, universal precautions practices, compliance with UP, and body fluid exposure. Of the 500, 370 questionnaires were completed and included in the study. Results: Dentists at both public and private institutes showed the highest percentages (>90%) for statements about HIV/Hepatitis B and C and the route of transmission of these pathogens. Of the 12 up practices, dentists at both institutes showed higher compliance values (>80%) for 5 statements. Overall compliance (at least 60% responses were always in category) was 48% in public practitioners and 13.5% in private institutes. The perceived barriers in UP practices were identified as: unavailability of policies posted in department (pub: 30%, pvt: 82.3%), tough job duties (pub: 50%, pvt: 37.2). Altogether, 309 exposure incidents were reported by dentists in the public sector and 235 in the private sector for the last 6 months before the study. Conclusion: It was concluded that dentists at both institutes have adequate knowledge of blood borne pathogens and adhere to most of universal precautions practices. In the public sector, dentists have a comparatively lower number of factors that interfere with universal precautions than private institutes. Dental institutes should be vigilant about UP adherence among dentists working in OPDs.
Evaluating the Impact of temporo-mandibular joint disorders on oral health related quality of life; A literature review
Authors: Siddiqui Leena , Khan Hijab Farid , Kanwal Syeda Sadia , Mustafa Kamal Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Quality of life (QoL) is a concept aims in order to define the well-being of a population or individual, encompassing both the positive and negative aspects of their existence at a particular moment in time. Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ) can significantly impact one's ability to live a normal, fulfilling life. The aim of this study is to gather information on the impact of TMJ disorder on quality of life. Three search engines (PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science) were used to gather clinical studies, RCTs, case series, and reports were included, while all review literature, meta-analysis, and letters to the editor were excluded. The keywords used were “quality of life,” "temporomandibular joint pain," "TMPDS," "MPDS," and "oral health-related quality of life." A total of eleven studies were selected for critical analysis. Results show a strong correlation between TMJ disorders and quality of life which in turn affects the specific domain of oral health related quality of life. It has been observed that most of the patients are affected with TMJ disorders and in turns stress and anxiety. Furthermore, pain was the most frequent finding that hinders sleep quality, somatic health, leading to stress, anxiety, functional and psychological discomfort. The prevalence of this condition was most frequently encountered amongst professional students of medical sciences, health care college preparatory students or military cadets when compared to the general population.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Nutritional Profile, Cultivation Techniques, and Therapeutic Potential of Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus spp.)
Authors: Harshitha S  , Nikhil Gowda Y V  , Abhijith V Tom  , Likhith Kumar S P  , Mohan Kumar K S
Published: October 2024

Dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) has emerged as a globally significant fruit crop, valued for its distinctive appearance and nutritional profile. Native to Central America, this cactaceous vine has adapted to various tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. The fruit's vibrant exterior houses a white or red pulp studded with numerous edible seeds. Cultivation techniques have evolved to optimize yield and quality, with vertical or horizontal support systems and specific nutrient management strategies being crucial for successful production. Dragon fruit propagation primarily relies on stem cuttings, which can bear fruit within 14-18 months under favorable conditions. The fruit's nutritional composition is noteworthy, containing high levels of antioxidants, vitamins (particularly vitamin C), minerals, and dietary fiber. These components contribute to its potential health benefits, including cholesterol reduction, improved digestion, and enhanced immune function. Pharmacological studies have demonstrated various biological activities of dragon fruit extracts, such as anti-hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, and anti-ulcer effects. These properties are attributed to bioactive compounds like betalains, phenolics, and flavonoids present in the fruit. Additionally, dragon fruit shows promise in managing chronic conditions like diabetes and obesity, potentially through its effects on blood glucose regulation and lipid metabolism
A Review of Mechanisms, Impact, and Advances in Management Strategies in Cancer-Related Pain
Authors: Berfinin Mahiba R J  , S Felic , B Gopi , C Gnanaguru
Published: October 2024

Cancer-related pain significantly impacts patients' quality of life and treatment outcomes, presenting a persistent challenge in oncology. The complex nature of cancer pain encompasses nociceptive, visceral, and neuropathic types, each with distinct characteristics and management requirements. Pain profoundly affects cognitive function, daily activities, and emotional well-being of cancer patients, often leading to decreased quality of life and treatment compliance. Current management strategies include both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Opioids, non-opioid analgesics, and adjuvant medications form the cornerstone of pharmacological interventions, while acupuncture and mind-body therapies show promise as complementary non-pharmacological methods. Recent advancements in pain assessment tools, such as digital pain diaries and wearable devices, offer improved monitoring capabilities and personalized pain management. Emerging therapies, including targeted immunotherapies and gene therapy approaches, represent new frontiers in cancer pain management. However, challenges persist in balancing effective pain relief with side effect minimization. The field is moving towards personalized, multimodal approaches that consider individual patient factors and pain mechanisms. Future research directions include developing novel analgesics, integrating artificial intelligence in pain assessment, and exploring personalized medicine strategies. Continued innovation and interdisciplinary collaboration are essential to enhance pain management and improve overall quality of life for cancer patients.
ROLE OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION
Authors:   Osh State University, Oichueva R. R. , Atabaev S. K. ,   Osh Technological University named after M. Adyshev
Published: October 2024

This paper discusses technologies for using mathematical modeling methods in teaching information technology. A method for selecting the types of problems to be solved using mathematical modeling and decision-making methods is proposed. Mathematical modeling makes it possible to present current information in a more compact, structured form, since mathematical formulas are designed to allow you to write the current problem in a more concise, understandable and memorable form. Another important area that can be used in educational projects is the assessment and calculation of alternative energy sources that are more efficient than the electricity used today. Of great interest is also the study of the dynamics of human reproduction in modern society. When implementing the above projects with the help of a computer, you can find a solution to the problem, create a simulation model and display a graphic image using software such as PowerSim.
THE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION OF TOLERANCE IN YOUTH IN SOCIETY
Authors:   Batken State University, Rasulova Z. A. , Toroev R. T. ,   Batken State University
Published: October 2024

This article states that the education of tolerance as one of the significant personality traits has recently become an urgent problem at the global level. Without tolerance, conflict-free interaction between people, and therefore countries and states, is impossible; peace on earth is impossible. In the traditional culture of the Kyrgyz people, tolerance, patience and the abilityto forgive, even if you suffer from others, were considered one of the mostimportant human qualities. The formation of tolerance among younger generations has a big role for society and the culture of the people, especially in the development of a culture of interaction with representatives of foreign nationali ties. One of the necessary tasks is to educate young people to take an active position in life, at the same time to be wise in all life phenomena,patient in understanding other people. If we try to accept the rights of every person, values, worldview, behavior, their interests and treat them with respect and understanding, then our society can solve many problems in education.
IMPROVING COMPUTATIONAL REASONING AND PROGRAMMING LEARNING IN PRIMARY STUDENTS USING GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS
Authors:   K.Tynystanov Issyk-Kul State University, Sartpaev E. K. , Omurbekova Sh. O. ,   K.Tynystanov Issyk-Kul State University, Stalbekov K. S. ,   K. Tynystanov Issyk-Kul State University
Published: October 2024

Mathematical training is necessary to understand the principle of application of modern technology, its structure, scientific and technical concepts, and ideas. Mathematics is also important in a person's daily life. In modern scientific technology and the transformation of science into socially productive forces, mathematics remains the language of science and technology. The article proposes to teach and familiarize primary school students with the use of graphic organizers. In this application, you can prepare the most necessary tasks for elementary school students. Using graphic organizers is one of the best ways to improve children's interest, computational thinking, and learning to code. Familiarity with programming from elementary school is considered the most necessary so that students in the future can think independently and find the answer to a given problem.
ORGANIZATION OF STUDENT KNOWLEDGE TESTING USING INTERNET APPLICATIONS
Authors:   Osh State Pedagogical University named after A. Zh. Myrsabekov, Yrysbaeva A. A.
Published: October 2024

This article examines the evolution of methods for testing students' knowledge in the modern educational process using Internet applications. The benefits of this approach, including accessibility, instant feedback, interactivity, and a personalized approach, are widely considered. Here are examples of popular online knowledge testing applications such as WordWall, Quiz and Kahoot [1]. It discusses key aspects of the organization of knowledge testing using Internet applications, including choosing the right application, teaching students how to use it, and ensuring the integrity and safety of the process. The use of Internet applications to test students' knowledge is a modern and effective method that contributes to improving the quality of education and learning. With the development of digital technologies and the Internet, education is undergoing significant changes, and testing students' knowledge is no exception.
THE ROLE OF MATHEMATICAL HISTORICAL MATERIAL IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ COGNITIVE ACTIVITY
Authors:   Osh State University, Kedeibaeva M. A. , Kedeibaeva D. A. ,   Osh State University
Published: October 2024

The results of any study depend on the methodological position of the researcher. This is due to the fact that by choosing the methodological foundations of pedagogical research, theoretical and practical directions of scientific work are determined, methods of scientific research are selected, and ways to achieve results are determined. This article presents a methodology for teaching mathematics to technical college students using its historical elements. In teaching mathematics to college students, issues of historical content and the history of each branch of mathematics occupy an important place. By learning mathematics through its history, solving problems of historical content, students are not limited to mastering current material, but broaden their horizons. The article also mentions several teaching methods (“Tornado”, “Game”). Motives such as interest in the subject, awareness, compulsion, etc. also appeared. When covering a topic in mathematics, we looked at how to use its historical elements.
INNOVATIVE METHODS OF TEACHING ENGLISH IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS
Authors:   Osh State Pedagogical University named after A. Zh. Myrsabekov, Gaparova G. I. , Sydykova T. M. ,   Osh State Pedagogical University named after A. Zh. Myrsabekov
Published: October 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of innovative methods of teaching English in primary school. The article examines in detail the role of games, interactive activities, technological aids, project activities, technological means of project activities, role-playing games and explanatory videos in teaching children a language. The purpose and use of each of the innovative methods are described with examples, and information about their effectiveness is provided. The article explores ways to make the process of teaching English in primary grades interesting and effective, and also provides practical suggestions for teachers. This article discusses innovative methods used in teaching English in primary grades and analyzes the benefits and ways of using these methods. Innovative methods increase children's interest in lessons and provide an opportunity to learn the language quickly and effectively. Among them, such methods as learning through games, using interactive technologies and organizing project activities are especially popular. These methods not only increase children's interest in learning, but also develop their creativity and critical thinking.
FORMATION OF SOCIAL COMPETENCIES OF STUDENTS THROUGH THE ORGANIZATION OF EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Osh State University, Kanybek kyzy A.
Published: October 2024

Currently, the importance of extracurricular activities in the educational process of students is considered great. Various types of activities create conditions for the comprehensive development of students and active participation in public life. This article discusses the benefits of their extracurricular activities and describes in detail the formation of students’ social competencies using examples. Activities that require leadership develop students’ organizational and leadership skills. In the future, they can become successful leaders in their social and professional lives. Overcoming challenges in activities and learning from failures increases students’ resilience and psychological stability. This prepares them for various life challenges. And sports activities improve students’ physical fitness and strengthen their health. This improves their overall quality of life and develops healthy habits.
A Hybrid Machine Learning and Kriging Approach for Rainfall Interpolation
Authors: Astutik Suci , Astuti Ani , Damayanti Rismania , Syalsabila Alya
Published: October 2024

The machine learning technique is a computational algorithm that is currently developing and is widely used in various models because it has the advantage of predicting without limited assumptions. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to develop a machine learning method on the kriging interpolation method to overcome the unmet assumptions of stationary and normally distributed rainfall data in East Java. This research is expected to make an important contribution as input for flood hydrograph models, which will improve understanding of flood behavior and support flood early warning systems in East Java.
An Analysis of Students’ Vocabulary Mastery in Using Antonym of Second Grade Students in SMP Swasta Advent 5 Medan
Authors: Tampubolon Sahlan , Sitorus Nurhayati , Panjaitan Ririn Krisniati
Published: October 2024

In this study, descriptive analysis was used as the method which focused on describing the students’ vocabulary mastery in using antonym. The data was taken from 25 students of the 2nd grade in SMP Swasta Advent 5 Medan. The study used content analysis as the instrument of collecting data. The result of this study shows that the level ability of students’ vocabulary mastery in using defining antonym was categorized as poor level. The percentage of the level ability of students’ vocabulary mastery in doing the antonym test shows that from 25 samples, there were 3/12 % students fall in the excellent level, 2/8 % students fall in the good level, 3/12 % students fall in the fair level, 6/24 % students fall in weak level, 11/44 % students fall in poor level which can be concluded as the most level reached by the students. The graphic clearly shows that most of the students’ vocabulary mastery fall in the poor level in using antonym. The result of students’ interview which involved 5 participants which aimed to find out the students’ difficulties in learning vocabulary shows that most of students reciprocally mention that English is one of the most difficult subjects learnt at school. The lack of repetition by students was also one of the main reason of students limited vocabularies which lead to the result of poor level ability of students’ vocabulary mastery particularly in defining antonym.
 Keywords: descriptive analysis, vocabulary, antonyms
Analisis Penerapan Tes UKBI Terhadap Kemampuan Mahasiswa Menulis Proposal Penelitian dan Proposal Kegiatan
Authors: Veronika Rahel , Lubis Fitriani , Aprianti Nurlia , Sanggam Daniel , Ariza Dafa , Nabila Dwi
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memahami bagaimana kemampuan mahasiswa dalam menulis proposal penelitian dan proposal kegiatan yang baik dan berkualitas. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah pembagian kuesioner kepada Mahasiswa di berbagai Univesitas di Indonesia dengan populasi terdiri dari 23 Responden serta dengan melakukan penelusuran ilmiah dengan studi kepustakaan. Tes UKBI menjadi sarana objektif untuk mengevaluasi tingkat penguasaan bahasa, termasuk aspek ejaan dan tata bahasa. Partisipasi dalam Tes UKBI ini dapat memberikan umpan balik yang berharga kepada para mahasiswa mengenai sejauh mana kemampuan mereka sesuai dengan standar bahasa Indonesia yang berlaku.
Kata Kunci: Tes UKBI, Proposal, Responden
This research was conducted to understand how students' ability to write good and quality research proposals and activity proposals. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis technique. The data collection method used for this research is the distribution of questionnaires to students at various universities in Indonesia with a population of 23 respondents and by conducting scientific searches with literature studies. The UKBI test is an objective means of evaluating the level of language mastery, including aspects of spelling and grammar. Participation in the UKBI Test can provide valuable feedback to students on the extent to which their abilities are in accordance with the prevailing Indonesian language standards.
Keywords:UKBI Test, Proposal, Respondents
The Correlation Between Family and School Condition Toward Student English Achievement at Class VIII SMPN 02 Sungaipua
Authors: Verdana Islami ASP  , Syahrul  , Melanni Melyan
Published: October 2024

The research aims to know: (1) The relationship of family conditions to learning achievements; (2) The relationship of the school condition to learning achievement; and (3) the relationship of family conditions and the school conditions jointly to the learning achievement of class VIII SMPN 02 Sungaipua academic year 2019/2020. The subject of this research is all students of grade VIII SMPN 02 Sungaipua, amounting to 24 students who were entirely taken as research respondents. The results showed that condition of the family and school had positively influential in the study of English language studies. This indicates that when family and school conditions are increased, student learning achievements will also increase. Results of multiple regression analyses obtained the equation Y = 8,242 + 0. 051 X1 + 0. 365 X2. A partial test (T-Test) obtained T compute variable influence family's condition = 6.607 so that Ha X1 to Y was acceptable. Variable influence of school condition acquired t count = 3,019, so that Ha X2 against Y was acceptable. The effective donation of family conditions was 21,316%, the school's condition was 39,678%.
To Appraise the Learning protocol of Linguistic English Writing as Proper Skill of English for Medical Purposes
Authors: Jafar Asgari
Published: October 2024

The aims of this linguistic study was to appraise: the participant' feelings on teacher approach to educating in academic writing process, the weak and strong points of the model applied during the teaching academic writing in EMP and, and the participants' linguistic ideas and impressions at applying new ways, for material delivery of EMP. Data were released based on chosen variables: their occupation, year of education, and knowledge with writing techniques discovered that there were no important statistical differences at (a = 0.05) in the use of educational techniques. There are statistically important differences in using educational techniques units because of the year of teaching adaptable, in favors of, the third and fourth year academics.  The findings also, disclosed that there are statistically significant differences in using technique units due to the practice with other variable, in favors of academics with no techniques use practice. The linguistic techniques can thus assist higher education programmers to identify, track, monitor, and treat at the university to educate, for teaching and learning medicine to strive in educating specialized writing. Given the linguistic benefits, it seems indispensable to apply the advantages of the survey, because studying hard to develop the technique, and implementing them in academic writing education is a theory.
The Effect of Using Hello English Application System on the Students’ Speaking Skill
Authors: Putri Handayani  , Zulfitri
Published: October 2024

This research aims to determine whether there is a significant influence of the use of digital systems on the speaking skills of students in ten grade Senior High School. This research is a quantitative with anexperimental design. It was conducted in ten grade SMK NEGERI 1 BERINGIN under the academic year 2020/2021. The total population was 168 students and researchers took 20 students for the experimental class and 20 students for the control class which meant 40 students as a total sample. In collecting data, researchers used speaking test. Tests are pre-tests given before treatment and post tests given after treatment. Then, the data obtained were analyzed using t-test at SPSS 20 with a significance level of 5% (0.05). Furthermore, the t-test resultsshowed that t-test (3.327) was higher than t-table at a significance level of 5% (0.05) with a degree of freedom 38 being 2.024. Therefore, the results of t-test>t-table result that H0 (null hypothesis) is rejected and Ha (alternative hypothesis) is accepted.Thus, the Hello English application has a significant influence on students' speaking skills in ten grade SMK NEGERI 1 BERINGIN.
The Eight Graders’ Perception of Speaking Online Learning During Covid-19 Pandemic in SMP at Misykat Al-Anwar
Authors: Hasanah Khofifah Indah , Herwiana Sakhi
Published: October 2024

This research is based on online English learning that has been running for more than 1 year of class VIIIC junior high school student Misykat Al-Anwar most students complain that teaching and learning activities are very boring. Moreover, speaking skills require a lot of practice so that students are fluent in English. But with the Covid-19 pandemic, all learning activities are carried out online. Problems of this research how are the perception of VIIIC class students about English learning conducted online as well as its advantages and disadvantages. The researcher use the qualitative method.  In accordance with the observations made students experience a lot of material that is not delivered, they feel monotonous, and also the network signal is inadequate for smooth learning.
CORTICOIDES: UM ESTUDO SOBRE OS EFEITOS ADVERSOS NA SAÚDE HUMANA EM RELAÇÃO AO USO PROLONGADO E O PAPEL DO FARMACÊUTICO
Authors: Lima Sibele Dos Santos , Oliveira Talita Brito De
Published: October 2024

Glucocorticoids are currently used in medicine to cure or treat a variety of diseases, as they have antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive effects that relieve various symptoms. Corticosteroids are hormones naturally synthesized by the human body, the main one being cortisol. These hormones perform important functions, such as controlling the metabolism of nutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, which helps the body's energy balance. This research aims to examine the risks related to the prolonged use of corticosteroids, specifically the administration of prednisone in a group at risk of corticosteroid administration.  The methodology applied addresses the assessment of risks associated with corticosteroid treatment and highlights the role of the pharmacist in guiding the rational use of these drugs. The study is a critical review of the literature, adopting a descriptive and comparative approach, based on scientific sources.