bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Islamic Caliphate: Conflict of Beliefs in the State System in Indonesia
Authors: Ganes Harpendya  , Siswo Hadi Sumantri  , Bambang Wahyudi  , Pujo Widodo  , Herlina Juni Risma Saragih
Published: October 2023

This article aims to describe and discuss the conflict of Islamic beliefs within the state system, with a focus on the concept of the Islamic caliphate (khilafah). Religious conflicts often arise due to differences in interpretation and contextualization of the application of religious laws. The conflicts that arise can lead to negative radicalism, extremism, and terrorism. The emergence of radical movements and terrorism is triggered by beliefs in religion that are believed to be the will of God. The Islamic caliphate, as one form of such movement, has diverse views among Islamic intellectuals, including right-wing extremists, left-wing extremists, and moderates. In this study, a qualitative descriptive method was employed with data collection techniques through literature review. The results and discussion of the article explain that the caliphate is a governing institution in Islam led by a caliph. There are differing views on the obligation to establish the caliphate. Some groups argue that establishing the caliphate is a duty for Muslims, while others reject this view. The views of Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah in Indonesia are that Islam does not explicitly require the establishment of an Islamic state or caliphate. Both organizations argue that Muslims have the authority to design a governance system in accordance with the demands of time and place. This article provides an understanding of conflicts in religious beliefs, particularly related to the Islamic caliphate. With a better understanding of these differing views, it is hoped that society can avoid extremism, radicalism, and terrorism, which can threaten the nation and state's well-being.
Enhancing Competency of Cybersecurity Through Implementation of the “CAPTURE THE FLAG” On College in Indonesia
Authors: Dudi Gurnadi Kartasasmita  , F.G Cempaka Timur  , Agus H.S Reksoprodjo
Published: October 2023

Academic institutions encounter several challenges when it comes to determining the most effective pedagogical approaches for enhancing their students' proficiency in the domain of cybersecurity. Conversely, cybersecurity gamification, exemplified by Capture the Flag (CTF) events in the industry, is widely considered an appropriate avenue for fostering cybersecurity learning. This research endeavors to assess the effectiveness of employing gamification as an instructional tool to enhance cybersecurity competency within the college context. The study employs a quantitative research method, adopting an experimental approach with a pre-experimental design. The research findings reveal the following key points 1) the implementation of gamification resulted in a significant enhancement of students' competency in cryptography, web vulnerability, and overall cybersecurity, 2) the gamification experiment demonstrated a stronger influence on enhancing practical skills as opposed to theoretical knowledge, 3) the evaluation of gamification's effectiveness in augmenting cybersecurity competency yielded a medium level (medium-g) of efficacy, reaching 65.91%. Although the medium level of effectiveness was observed in the context of gamification, it should be acknowledged that gamification holds substantial potential for advancing cybersecurity competency. For the attainment of optimal improvement in cybersecurity skills, a consistent and regular integration of gamification is recommended, while concurrently addressing the three pillars of cybersecurity. Furthermore, the utilization of gamification also presents opportunities for cultivating cybersecurity incident handling capabilities and the simulation of cyberwarfare scenarios
The Chance of FinTech to be a New General-Purpose Technology
Authors: Treu Johannes
Published: October 2023

FinTech has often been spoken about in highly promising terms, deemed to have a profound and potentially revolutionary effect. This has led to speculation and intrigue about whether this innovative form of technology might have the capability to influence an entire economy significantly. More than that, some even contend that it carries the potential to alter societies dramatically through its direct impact on both existing economic frameworks and social structures. Thus, a vital question has risen to the forefront: could FinTech indeed be seen as a general-purpose technology? Following the initial inquiry, a second question emerges, delving deeper into the overall impact of FinTech. The focus is on understanding how it influences things at an aggregate level and as a potential general-purpose technology. How does it affect aggregate economic welfare? The paper conducts an in-depth analysis using two distinctly different definitions and characteristics of general-purpose technologies. By leveraging these definitions, the document provides valuable insights into how FinTech aligns with the attributes of a general-purpose technology, effectively showcasing that it can indeed be typified as such. Despite the growing body of research on FinTech, no study thus far has examined the implications or influence it has on welfare. At an aggregate level, the research findings indicate that FinTech influences supply curves positively. In turn, this results in a noticeable uptick in both consumer and producer surplus, bolstering overall welfare. The examination thus reveals how FinTech is indeed a reckoning force in modern economics, and potentially a game-changer. Thus, its significance as a general-purpose technology and the value it brings to aggregate economic welfare cannot be underestimated.
SKVALEN – AMARANTNING SHIFOBAXSH KOMPONENTI
Authors: Ismailova Nafisa Nozimjon qizi
Published: October 2023

Ushbu maqolada amarant o`simligidan olinadigan moyni o`rganish jarayonida, amarantning shifobaxsh komponenti skvalen ekanligi, tajriba natijalari orqali olingan ma`lumotlar keltirilgan. Bunda amarant moyi sovuq presslash usuli orqali olinishi va uning tarkibidagi skvalenning moy standarti, xromatogramma xususiyatalari keltirilgan.
ROVOCH (RHEUM) O‘SIMLIGI TARKIBIDAGI MAKRO VA MIKRO ELEMENTLARNI O‘RGANISH
Authors: Asqarov Ibrohimjon Rahmonovich , Xolmatova Marhabo Axmadaliyevna , Mamatqulova Surayyoxon Abdusamatovna
Published: October 2023

Mazkur tadqiqot ishida Namangan viloyati hududida o‘suvchi rovoch o‘simligining barglari va ildizi namunalarining makro va mikroelement tarkibi induktiv bog‘langan plazmali optik emission spektrometriya (ICP-OES) usulida o‘rganilgan. O‘rganilgan o‘simlik namunalarining barchasida 61 ta element mavjudligi aniqlangan. Kaltsiy, kaliy, magniy, fosfor va natriy  makroelemntlari hamda alyuminiy, temir, marganets va bariy mikroelementlari boshqa elementlarga nisbatan yuqori miqdorga ege ekanligi aniqlangan. Element miqdori uning massasi ortishi bilan kamayishining tabiiy tendensiyasi ko‘rsatilgan.
Exploration of Teaching Strategies for English Reading of Senior High School From the Perspective of Cross-cultural Communication
Authors: Wu Xiao-Qi
Published: October 2023

Under the educational background of globalization, fostering students' cross-cultural communication awareness and abilities is of demand for talent cultivation. And cross-cultural communication is an significant topic in English reading teaching of senior high school. Owing to the current situation of developing cross-cultural communication in English reading teaching, this paper proposes some teaching strategies in terms of teachers and students on how to cultivate students' cross-cultural communication abilities in English reading teaching. For instance, teachers should study the texts thoroughly and explore cross-cultural materials, strengthen the explanation of cultural background knowledge, develop diversified teaching models and methods as well as design cross-cultural situational communication activities. As for students, it's better to establish cross-cultural awareness, read cross-cultural materials as much as possible and enhance the awareness and ability of independent learning.
Teologi Paulus Mengenai Pernikahan berdasarkan 1 Korintus 7
Authors: Neni Randan Salti , Srima Ayurein Nisa , Andarias Allo Dewi
Published: October 2023

Pernikahan telah dirancang oleh Allah sendiri dengan tujuan kebaikan manusia. Dalam keluarga Kristen, pernikahan adalah sesuatu yang sangat penting. Hal ini telah diamanatkan Allah kepada manusia sejak semula “Beranak cuculah dan bertambah banyak; penuhilah bumi …” (Kejadian 1:28). Pernikahan dianugerahkan agar suami dan istri dapat saling meneguhkan, dengan hidup bersama dengan setia dalam kekurangan dan kelimpahan, dalam suka dan duka. Pasangan suami-istri dapat saling mengenal dalam kasih, dan melalui kesenangan persatuan tubuh dapat meneguhkan persatuan hati dan hidupnya. Karena pernikahan adalah salah satu mandat dari Allah, manusia patut menjaga kekudusan pernikahan. Dengan demikian, kehidupan pernikahan akan menjadi harmonis dengan dasar Takut akan Allah. Namun, telah banyak pernikahan Kristen yang berujung pada perceraian. Pandangan tentang berkat yang terkait dengan pernikahan alkitabiah semakin susut. Padahal, pernikahan merupakan suatu perjanjian sakral. Karena itu, menjadi permasalahan dalam tulisan ini ialah bagaimana teologi Paulus mengenai pernikahan ditinjau dari kitab 1 Korintus 7. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah kualitatif, melalui studi kepustakaan dengan tujuan bahwa pasangan suami-istri mengerti makna, tujuan, dan dasar yang menjadi keteguhan sebuah pernikahan yakni teladan kasih Kristus, yang sekaligus menjadi hasil dari pembahasan ini.
Jangan Memberi Stigma ”Nakal”: Pengaruh pada Prestasi Pendidikan Agama Kristen Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Mita Analisa Sipayung  , Romauli Siagian  , Tripena Engelina Manullang  , Victoria Natalia Simanjuntak  , Wenny Ariayani Sipayung  , Damayanti Nababan
Published: October 2023

The delinquency of students towards the value of learning achievement in Sekolah Dasar Hidup Baru Batam is a problem posed in this study. Thepurpose of this study is to find out the extent of the relationship of student delinquency to the value of learning achievement in Sekolah Dasar Hidup Baru Batam. The research instruments used are student questionnaires, interviews  and observations, the samples used consist of class IV to class V which totals 55 people, sampling techniques using random techniques. In describing the results of the study, the collected data is entered into a table and then processed with data analysis techniques using the product formula  of the moment find percent rough numbers.  The effect of student delinquency on learning achievement is at more than 50%. The issue of student delinquency is a shared responsibility between the student's guardian and the student's guardian.
Pelayan Kristus Yesus Yang Baik Berdasarkan 1 Timotius 4:6-16
Authors: Misi Astuti  Waruruwu  , Moses Wibowo
Published: October 2023

Menjadi hamba Tuhan adalah kesempatan sempurna yang tidak dimiliki semua orang. Hamba Tuhan adalah orang yang setia dan mengaku di hadapan Tuhan bahwa dia untuk Tuhan. Hamba Tuhan harus memiliki dasar iman dalam pelayanan, terlatih untuk mengajar dan menguasai diri dalam memberitakan Firman Tuhan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa hamba-hamba Tuhan mampu melatih dan memimpin domba-domba-Nya seperti yang dilakukan Yesus Kristus sebagai Gembala yang Baik dari domba-domba-Nya. Dalam surat ini, Paulus mengingatkan Timotius agar para hamba Tuhan tidak lagi mengajar di zaman sekarang, karena banyak sekali nabi palsu yang mengaku sebagai utusan Tuhan. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan kompetensi hamba Tuhan dalam menjalankan pelayanannya
Evaluasi Pembelajaran terhadap Strategi Mengajar Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen Meningkatkan Produktivitas Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors: Elfin Warnius Waruwu
Published: October 2023

Evaluasi salah satu bentuk upaya terencana dalam proses sebuah kegiatan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan hasil yang telah terencana dari awal. Mewujudkan hasil yang efektif dalam proses pembelajaran tentunya dibutuhkan evaluasi untuk mengenali (mengetahui) keefektivan proses pembelajaran/intraksi yang dilakukan oleh guru dan peserta didik dalam kelas. Untuk meningkatkan keefektivan belajar peserta didik tentunya seorang guru sepatutnya memiliki berbagai motode dalam mengajar serta mempunyai kemampuan untuk memahami kebutuhan pendidikan peserta didik. Tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran salah satu bentuk terwujudnya tujuan pendidikan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia “mencerdasarkan kehidupan bangsa”.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Two Stay to Stray (TS-TS) Oleh Guru PAK Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Lintong Nihuta Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024
Authors: Elisabeth Syalom Hutauruk  , Johari Manik  , Oktober Tua Aritonang
Published: October 2023

The aim of this research is to find out whether there is a positive and significant influence of the Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) learning model on the learning motivation of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 3 Lintong Nihuta, Humbang Hasundutan district for the 2023/2024 academic year. The method used in this research is a quantitative research method with a pre-experimental design research type in the form of "One Shot Case Study". The population was 177 students from class VIII of SMP Negeri 3 Lintong Nihuta for the 2023/2024 academic year and a sample of 32 people was determined using a purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using an observation sheet with 19 items for variable SMP Negeri 3 Lintong Nihuta, Humbang Hasundutan district, 2023/2024 academic year: 1) Test analysis requirements: a) Test a positive relationship, the value of rxy = 0.595 > rtable(=0.05,n=32) = 0.349. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of tcount= 4.050 > ttable(=0.05,dk=n-2=30)= 2.042. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="7.36"+0.29X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 35.4%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(=0.05, dk numerator k=8, dk denominator=n-2=32-2=30) namely 16.36 > 2.27. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.
Pengaruh Implementasi Metode Outdoor Study Terhadap Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dan Budi Pekerti Peserta Didik Kelas X Semester Ganjil SMA Negeri 1 Tampahan Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024
Authors: Bella D.O Lumbantoruan  , Hasudungan Simatupang  , Andrianus Nababan  , Frainskoy Rio Naibaho  , Baginda Sitompul
Published: October 2023

This research aims to determine the positive and significant influence of the implementation of the outdoor study method on the learning outcomes of Christian religious education and character education for class X odd semester students at SMA Negeri 1 Tampahan for the 2023/2024 academic year. The hypothesis of this research is that there is a positive and significant influence from the implementation of the outdoor study method on the learning outcomes of Christian religious education and character education for class X odd semester students at SMA Negeri 1 Tampahan for the 2023/2024 academic year.  This research uses quantitative research methods with descriptive statistics.

The population of this study was 40 people so it is called population research. The instruments in this research were a closed questionnaire for variable X and a multiple choice written test for variable Y. There is a positive and significant influence of the implementation of the outdoor study method on the learning outcomes of Christian religious education and character education for class X odd semester students at SMA Negeri 1 Tampahan for the 2023/2024 academic year, namely rcount > rtable (0463>0.312), tcount > ttable (3.220 > 2.021), Y ̂="56.22"+0.38X, r2 = 21.4%.

So the hypothesis test states that Ha is accepted, namely that there is a positive and significant influence of the implementation of the outdoor study method on the learning outcomes of Christian religious education and character education for class X odd semester students at SMA Negeri 1 Tampahan for the 2023/2024 academic year.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Snowball Throwing Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dan Budi Pekerti Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024
Authors: Vhillia Novi Rostanti Purba  , Wilson Simanjuntak  , Taripar Aripin Samosir  , Malani Simanungkalit  , Dame Taruli
Published: October 2023

The aim of this research is to determine the difference in learning motivation of students who are taught using the snowball throwing learning model and those who are not taught using the Snowball Throwing learning model at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 academic year. The method used in this research is a quantitative research method with a pre-experimental design research type in the form of a one-group-pretest-posttest design. The population was all class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon, totaling 188 people and the researchers determined a sample of 32 people using a purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 27 items. Research data for the questionnaire was analyzed using the related sample formula. From the calculation results, the tcount value = -29.052<ttable 2.039 with a 2-party test (α/2=0.05/2=0.025)= 2.039. The tcount value is in the curve area of ​​rejection of H0 and acceptance of H1. Thus, it can be concluded that the research hypothesis is accepted, namely that there is a difference in the learning motivation of students who are taught using the snowball throwing learning model and those who are not taught using the Snowball Throwing learning model at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 academic year. The difference in learning motivation for Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of Class VIII Students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 Academic Year can be seen from the average scores of X1 = 77.0 and X2 = 88.3.
Effects of Team Teaching and Lecture Method on the Retention of Physics Students in Secondary Schools in Delta State
Authors:   Department of Science Education, Delta State University, Abraka, Ebokaiwe Nkechi T. , Ajaja Prof. O. P. Ajaja ,   Department of Science Education, Delta State University, Abraka, Prof. E. Kpangban Prof. E. Kpangban ,   Department of Science Education, Delta State University, Abraka
Published: October 2023

This study investigated the effects of 5E-guided inquiry, team teaching, and lecture methods on physics students’ retention in Delta State. To guide the study, two research questions and two hypotheses were raised and tested at a 0.05 level of significance. The study used the quasi-experimental non-randomized pre-test, post-test, and delayed post-test planned variation group design. The population consisted of all mixed public secondary school (SS2) Physics students in Delta State with a population of 476 secondary schools and 31,711 SS2 students. A sample of six (6) secondary schools and 326 students were used for the study. The six (6) schools used for the study were selected using a stratified random sampling technique. The Physics Achievement Test (PAT) was used for data collection. Mean and Standard Deviation were used in answering all the research questions, and collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results obtained indicated that students taught with the team-teaching method performed better than those taught using the 5E-guided inquiry and lecture method. Furthermore, the result showed that there is no significant effect of interaction between sex and method on the retention of physics students. Based on these findings, it was concluded that students taught with the team-teaching method achieved significantly better than students taught with the 5E-guided inquiry method and lecture method. Results from the study led to many recommendations, that teachers should expose physics students to team teaching methods so as to promote effective and active learning among students.
Kajian Potensi Hasil Sisa Tanaman Pertanian sebagai Pakan Ternak Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Barru
Authors: Indrawirawan Indrawirawan , Kusumastuti Tri Anggraeni , Suwignyo Bambang , Latief M Fadhlirrahman
Published: October 2023

This study aims to calculate the potential utilization of feed from roughages and feed capacity for beef cattle in Barru Regency, South Sulawesi. Research data were obtained through surveys and secondary data from government agencies, statistical data, and other literature sources related to the research. Data analysis included calculating beef cattle population (animal unit, AU), dry matter production from roughages, and roughage carrying capacity. The results showed that dry matter (DM) production from roughages in Barru Regency was 147,878.60 tons DM. This total DM production can accommodate a beef cattle population of 75,627.41 AU. The study area can still develop the potential for additional beef cattle to reach 21,081.82 AU. Optimal utilization of roughage feed can increase the population and meet the fiber needs of beef cattle in the Barru Regency.
Synthesis and Characterization of Isopropylidene Glycerol Acetate and Isopropylidene Glycerol Propanoate Compounds
Authors: Ridlo Achmad , Choirunnisa Lutfia , Rahmawati Fani , Irunsah Aslan , Ishartono Bayu
Published: October 2023

Isopropylidene Glycerol Acetate (IGA) and Isopropylidene Glycerol Propanoate (IGP) as ester compounds using acetic and propanoic acids have been synthesized, characterized, and studied for their antibacterial properties. The IGA was synthesized from ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and 1,2-O-isopropyliden glycerol (IPG) with a mole ratio of 1:8 through a transesterification reaction. Meanwhile, the IGP was synthesized using ethyl propanoate (EP) with the same ratio and method as IGA. All materials in this study were identified using FT-IR, GC-MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. The characterization results indicated that the compounds of EP, IPG, IGA, and IGP had been successfully formed and identified. It was also revealed that the compounds of EP, IPG, IGA, and IGP were successfully synthesized with yields of 37.72, 27.78, 70.11, and 63.83%, respectively. The antibacterial activity test revealed that neither IGA nor IGP inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli at concentrations of 62.5; 125; 250; 500; and 1000 ppm. Therefore, it was asserted that ester compounds synthesized with short-chain carboxylic acids, such as propanoic and acetic acids, lacked antibacterial properties.
Bonding performance of different types of expired and unexpired composite resin cements
Authors: Karagözoğlu İrem , Aksel Leyla
Published: October 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the bond strength of three expired and unexpired composite resin cements used between tooth and ceramic surfaces.
Methodology: In this study, the dentin surfaces of 60 non-carious human teeth and ceramic specimens were bonded with three different resin cements. The resin cements used to bond the teeth and ceramic blocks were divided into two subgroups by expiration date (Group 1a. Variolink II-unexpired, 1b. Variolink II-expired 12 months prior. Group 2a. RelyX Unicem-unexpired, 2b. RelyX Unicem-expired 12 months prior. Group 3a. Panavia F 2.0-unexpired, 3b. Panavia F 2.0-expired 12 months prior). The samples were thermally cycled for 3,000 cycles in a temperature range of 5°C–55°C. The shear bonding test was performed using a universal tester. The force required for ceramic debonding was recorded. Surface fracture analysis was performed using a stereomicroscope. Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare the bond strength of resin cements with different expiration dates. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The difference in bond strength between the unexpired resin and the resin that had expired 12 months before the analysis was found not to be statistically significant in the Variolink II and Panavia pairs but significant in the RelyX resin cement pair.
Conclusion: The self-adhesive resin cements that expired one year earlier showed lower bond strength than their unexpired counterparts; however, the use of expired total-etch and self-etch systems did not significantly affect bond strength.
 
How to cite this article:
Karagözoğlu İ, Aksel L. Bonding performance of different types of expired and unexpired composite resin cements. Int Dent Res 2023;13(2):54-59. https://doi.org/10.5577/idr.2023.vol13.no2.2
 
Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Evaluation of parents’ awareness levels of traumatic dental injuries: The ToothSOS mobile application and “Save Your Tooth” posters
Authors: Bal Cenkhan , Öztürk Zeynep , Atak Demet , Yaşar Merve , Aksoy Merve
Published: October 2023

Aim: This survey study aimed to assess the awareness of parents of pediatric dental patients regarding the “ToothSOS” mobile application and the “Save Your Tooth” posters created by the International Association of Dental Traumatology.
Methodology: This study included 303 participants who applied to Health Sciences University, Gülhane Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, between 02/01/2021 and 05/31/2021. The survey comprised visually supported questions to measure the participants’ demographic features, previous dental trauma experiences, awareness of mobile dental trauma applications, and knowledge of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs). Categorical variables were summarized as frequencies and percentages and were compared using the chi-square test (p < 0.05).
Results: The results showed that parents’ awareness levels regarding TDIs were insufficient. No significant difference was detected in the knowledge levels of parents of children with and without a history of dental trauma. However, significantly correct answers were obtained to the avulsion injury questions from parents with high education levels.
Conclusion: Given the results of this study, it is recommended that dental health providers focus on TDI education for parents.
 
How to cite this article:
Bal C, Öztürk Z, Atak D, Yaşar M, Aksoy M. Evaluation of parents’ awareness levels of traumatic dental injuries: The ToothSOS mobile application and “Save Your Tooth” posters. Int Dent Res 2023;13(2):60-66. https://doi.org/10.5577/idr.2023.vol13.no2.3
 
Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Two-year clinical evaluation of Class I composite resin restorations using three adhesive systems: A double-blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: Çakır Nazire Nurdan , Demirbuğa Sezer
Published: October 2023

Aim: The purpose of this randomized split-mouth clinical study was to assess the effect of three adhesive systems on the 2-year clinical success of Class I composite resin restorations.
Methodology: In the treatment of the Class I carious lesions of 20 participants aged 18–24 years with at least three similar carious lesions, three adhesives—Clearfil SE Bond (CSE; Kuraray, Osaka, Japan), Single Bond 2 (SB2; 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA), and Tri-S Bond (TSB; Kuraray, Osaka, Japan)—and a Filtek Z550 nanohybrid composite resin (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) were cured. The baseline and 2-year results of the restorations were assessed according to the World Dental Federation (FDI) and the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. The chi-square test was used to analyze the data obtained.
Results: There was no loss of restoration in any group at 2 years. No significant differences were observed in any criteria (marginal staining, fracture retention, secondary caries, and postoperative sensitivity) evaluated except marginal adaptation, in accordance with FDI and USPHS criteria (p > 0.05). At 2 years, SB2 showed the best marginal adaptation, followed by CSE and TBS. There was a statistically significant difference between SB2 and TSB (p ˂ 0.05).
Conclusion: All three adhesive systems can be used successfully in the restoration of Class I carious lesions.
 
 
How to cite this article:
Çakır Kılınç NN, Demirbuğa S. Two-year clinical evaluation of Class I composite resin restorations using three adhesive systems: A double-blind randomized clinical trial. Int Dent Res 2023;13(2):67-74. https://doi.org/10.5577/idr.2023.vol13.no2.4
 
Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Determination of dental anxiety levels in dental faculty students
Authors: Sarıbaş Ebru
Published: October 2023

Aim: Dental education is considered a highly stressful time consisting of a series of courses and practical programs aimed at developing interpersonal skills, learning the theoretical foundations of professional practices, and acquiring clinical skills. The aim of this study was to determine and comparatively examine preclinical and clinical students’ dental anxiety levels.
Methodology: The study included third- and fourth-year students in the Dicle University Faculty of Dentistry. The students were asked to complete questionnaire forms, including the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale (C-DAS), to determine their anxiety levels. Gender, age, and academic year were recorded. The significance level was set at p < 0.050.
Results: No statistically significant differences were found in the median STAI-S, STAI-T, and C-DAS values between classes. A statistically significant correlation was found between the STAI-S, STAI-T, and C-DAS values. The C-DAS values of third-year female students were higher than those of male students. No difference was observed between the genders among fourth-year students.
Conclusion: Neither preclinical nor clinical students exhibited high dental anxiety, and no differences were detected between classes. We believe that this result is associated with increases in education and acquired experience.
 
How to cite this article:
Sarıbaş E. Determination of dental anxiety levels in dental faculty students. Int Dent Res 2023;13(2):90-98. https://doi.org/10.5577/idr.2023.vol13.no2.7
 
Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Endodontic retreatment of mandibular molars with the presence of missed middle mesial root canals: An important clinical lesion
Authors: Başoğlu Abdullah , Harorlı Hatice , Er Kürşat
Published: October 2023

Aim: Untreated root canals may have a direct impact on root canal treatment (RCT) outcome. The aim of this case report is to describe the nonsurgical root canal retreatment of two mandibular first molars in a patient's mesial roots that had previously missed middle mesial root canals (MMC).
Methodology: A 14-year-old female was referred to the our clinic with the complaint of pain in the posterior areas of the right and left mandibula. During the examination, previous RCTs [teeth 36 (mandibular left first molar) and 46 (mandibular right first molar)] were observed. Besides, these teeth have periradicular lesions in the mesial roots probably due to unsuccessful previous treatment. Nonsurgical retreatment was suggested and accepted. Access cavities were prepared and the unnoticed MMCs were detected at the isthmus connecting both mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals. All the root canals were shaped with NiTi rotary endodontic files. During the shaping, the root canals were irrigated copiously with NaOCl, EDTA, clorhexidine, and saline solutions under a certain protocol. Calcium hydroxide was used for intracanal dressing. Gutta-percha and a resin-based root canal sealer were used for filling. Coronal restorations of the teeth were completed with a composite resin.
Conclusion: At follow-up examinations after 3-, 6-, and 12-months, the teeth were asymptomatic and radiographically showed repair of the lesion. Healing was achieved without any need for further endodontic surgical intervention.
 
 
How to cite this article:
Başoğlu A, Harorlı H, Er K. Endodontic retreatment of mandibular molars with the presence of missed middle mesial root canals: an important clinical lesion. Int Dent Res 2023;13(2):99-103. https://doi.org/10.5577/idr.2023.vol13.no2.8
 
Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Effect of hesperidin on deltamethrin toxicity in rat periodontal membrane
Authors: İpek Fikret , Deveci Engin , İpek Polat
Published: October 2023

Aim: Deltamethrin (DM), a hydrophobic and lipophilic substance used for insect control, easily accumulates in the body, increasing ROS production and causing mucosal inflammation and damage. The aim of this study was to explore the prophylactic effects of hesperidin on DM toxicity in periodontal membrane.
Methods: The study was conducted for 14 days on 21 male Wistar albino rats. The experimental animals were divided into three groups (n=7): The Sham group received 0.9% NaCl (1 mL). The deltamethrin group received 0.5 mg/kg DM (1 mL, dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide). The deltamethrin + hesperidin group received DM (0.5 mg/kg) + hesperidin (100 mg/kg) (both drugs dissolved in 1 mL dimethyl sulfoxide). All treatments were administered daily via the orogastric route for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the rats were euthanized by cervical dislocation, and biochemical and histological analyses were performed.
Results: The biochemical tests showed significantly higher malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the deltamethrin group than in the Sham group. Combined application of hesperidin and deltamethrin resulted in significantly lower MDA levels in the deltamethrin + hesperidin group than in the deltamethrin group. Histopathological examination of the periodontal tissues of the deltamethrin group revealed cell degeneration at the alveolar bone-tooth junction, including atypical cells, irregularity in collagen fibers, dilatation and congestion of the blood vessels, and inflammatory cell infiltrates distributed in aggregate and solitary forms. The deltamethrin + hesperidin group showed substantially less cell degeneration.
Conclusion: Hesperidin application helped alleviate deltamethrin toxicity by preventing oxidative stress and reducing cell degeneration.
 
How to cite this article:
İpek F, Deveci E, İpek P. Effect of hesperidin on deltamethrin toxicity in rat periodontal membrane. J Med Dent Invest 2023;4:e230332. https://doi.org/10.5577/jomdi.e230332
 
Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Professionalization of Public Service Delivery in the Southern African Region
Authors: Mbandlwa Zamokuhle
Published: October 2023

Background: Public service delivery in Africa has been hijacked by politicians who want to advance their political interests and deploy people, not based on how they can contribute to public service delivery. Most countries in Africa have been classified as corrupt states because of corrupt public officials.

 

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to show the importance of professionalizing public service delivery by ensuring that the public servants in Africa put the citizens first.

 

Objective: The objective of this article is to provide suggestions on how African governments can professionalize public service delivery. Public servants should not see their employment as means of their survival to earn a salary but as a calling to serve the people.

 

Research methodology: The study collected the existing data that is related to public service delivery in the countries of the Southern African region. Secondary data was collected to reach the findings and conclusions of this study.

 

Results: The study found that the existing gap in public service delivery in Africa is based on public servants themselves not owning up to their responsibilities, they need to offer the services to the public the same way they would expect the public services to be delivered to them.

 

Conclusion: The focus of this article is not on the processes and documentation required by public servants to be seen as professional individuals but the focus is on the existing gap.
Addressing Workplace Bullying: Protecting Human Rights in the Modern Workplace
Authors: Vijayakumar Gavya , Rajagopal Subashini
Published: October 2023

Purpose: This paper aims to highlight how crucial it is to address workplace bullying as a violation of human rights and to provide ideas for both prevention and intervention. It seeks to draw attention to the negative consequences of workplace bullying on people and organizations while also providing advice on creating a secure and welcoming workplace that supports the rights and dignity of every employee.
 
Methodology: The research and literature on workplace bullying, human rights concepts, and successful preventative and intervention measures are all thoroughly reviewed in this study. The data was acquired from a variety of sources, including academic research, international human rights norms, legislative frameworks, and case studies from the actual world. This data is combined to give a comprehensive picture of workplace bullying, its effects, and effective ways to deal with it.
 
Results: According to the study, bullying at work hurts people's physical, emotional, and psychological health as well as an organization's production, morale, and reputation. The study discusses several kinds of workplace bullying, typical bullying conduct, and its effects on people and organizations. It also emphasizes the significance of workplace human rights norms, such as the right to dignity, a secure work environment, and freedom from harassment and discrimination.
 
Conclusion: As a breach of human rights, workplace bullying is a major problem that has to be addressed. By implementing thorough anti-bullying policies, fostering an inclusive culture, providing accessible reporting mechanisms, providing training and education, and ensuring efficient investigation and resolution procedures, organizations can prevent and address workplace bullying.
ACTIONS TAKEN TO IMPROVE THE SAFETY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Jakubiak Ewa
Published: October 2023

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared a COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the functioning of public administration bodies, business entities and society. In Poland, a ban on public gatherings was introduced, schools were closed, and stay-at-home order was introduced. Some rules, such as distancing, wearing masks and face shields, have effectively prevented the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this article is to discuss the results of the conducted research in the assessment of the employees themselves regarding the measures taken to improve the safety of local government employees in Łomza County during the COVID-19 pandemic.
TERRITORIALIDADES E AS RELAÇÕES DOS POVOS TRADICIONAIS COM O MEIO: ASPECTOS GERAIS E O CASO DA COMUNIDADE QUILOMBOLA CUSTANEIRA EM PAQUETÁ DO PIAUÍ
Authors: Sousa João Victor de Oliveira , De Araújo Nilton Almeida , Guimarães Hilaryo Barbosa , Moura Virna Rodrigues Leal , Gonçalves Yana de Moura
Published: October 2023

Esta pesquisa realiza um estudo que contempla as territorialidades dos povos tradicionais, considerando diversos aspectos dos seus modos de vida, saberes, práticas e interação com o seu meio sob a perspectiva da Teoria da Biointeração, articulada e desenvolvida Antônio Bispo dos Santos. Assim, o objetivo central do trabalho fazer uma análise acerca da relação dos povos tradicionais com a terra sob os moldes da teoria retromencionada considerando aspectos gerais e do Comunidade Custaneira, localizada no município de Paquetá, estado do Piauí. A pesquisa ora proposta se utiliza para sua consecução dos métodos bibliográfico, recorrendo a livros, artigos científicos e dissertações de mestrado que versam sobre a temática em voga, e documental, tendo como fontes leis e decretos de âmbito federal e do Estado do Piauí. O estudo proposto deixou clarividente que os territórios das comunidades tradicionais, mais que um espaço de busca pela liberdade, representam um espaço de resistência e de sobrevivência de corpos, culturas, tradições, saberes e interações com o meio, os quais foram por séculos marginalizados e silenciados.
PENGARUH PERAN GANDA DAN BEBAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT KHARISMA REKSA PRATAMA
Authors: Fabriansyah Nanda , Armaniah Henny
Published: October 2023

PT Kharisma Reksa Pratama  adalah perusahaan swasta yang bergerak dalam bidang  Ekspedisi Impor & Ekspor dan merupakan salah satu Pengurus Jalur Kepalabandaran  (PPJK) yang menggunakan sistem dan modul online, seperti PIB, PEB, CEISA 4.0,  dan  SLIM  3.0.  Perusahaan  ini  telah  berdiri  sejak  tahun  1992  dan  berlokasi  di  Tanjung  Priok,  Jakarta  Utara.  Penelitian  ini  bertujuan  untuk  mengetahui  pengaruh  peran  ganda  dan  beban  kerja  terhadap  kinerja  karyawan  PT  Kharisma  Reksa  Pratama. Terdapat 2 variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini yaitu peran ganda dan beban  kerja,  serta  satu  variabel  terikat  yaitu  kinerja  karyawan.  Peneliti  menggunakan  metode  kuantitatif  dan  sampel  yang  digunakan  dalam  penelitian  ini  berjumlah  44  responden.  Teknik  yang  digunakan  dalam  penelitian  ini  adalah  meltoldel  sampling  jelnuh. Data penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan olah data statistik SPSS  29.0  dengan  hasilnya  menunjukan  bahwa  variabel  peran  ganda  tidak  berpengaruh  terhadap  kinerja  karyawan  PT  Kharisma  Reksa  Pratama,  variabel  beban  kerja  berpengaruh  negatif  signifikan  terhadap  kinerja  karyawan  PT  Kharisma  Reksa  Pratama  serta  peran  ganda  dan  beban  kerja  berpengaruh  secara  bersama-sama  terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Kharisma Reksa Pratama.
Discovering New Science in the Noise from LHC Experiments
Authors:   University of Geneva, Schramm Steven
Published: October 2023

Steven Schramm and his team of researchers in the DISCOVERHEP project are searching for evidence of new physics in previously ignored ‘noise’ data of Large Hadron Collider experiments.
Laser focus on neurodegenerative disease
Authors:   Aston University, Rafailov Edik
Published: October 2023

We spoke to Professor Edik Rafailov about the work of the NEUROPA project in developing a new method of treating neurodegenerative disease, based on the emerging field of phytoptogenetics.
Sensors that rise above the norm
Authors:   ETH Zürich, Zielinska Joanna
Published: October 2023

Researchers in the IQLev project are investigating different levitation platforms, looking to develop a new type of high-performance inertial sensor, as Dr Joanna Zielinska explains.
Fresh insights into urban youth inequalities
Authors:   Metropolitan Research Institute, Gerőházi Éva
Published: October 2023

Many young people face great challenges in finding employment and affordable accommodation in certain European cities. Éva Gerőházi told us about the UPLIFT project’s work investigating socio-economic inequalities.
SelectiveTGFb-inhib
Authors:   Uppsala University, Heldin Carl-Henrik
Published: October 2023

The TGF-ß cytokine is a prototype in a large family of growth regulatory factors, and it plays a number of important roles during tumour progression. Researchers are investigating the molecular mechanisms behind how TGF-ß activates its pro-tumourigenic signalling pathways, which could help uncover new targets for drug development, as Professor Carl-Henrik Heldin explains.
Decision support for personalised treatment
Authors:   Roma Open University, Guadagni Fiorella ,   IRCCS San Raffaele Roma
Published: October 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools could help the transition towards more personalised treatment of disease, a topic Professor Fiorella Guadagni and her colleagues in the REVERT project are addressing.
Personalised Screening Strategies: RISCC project Redefines Cervical Cancer Prevention
Authors:   Amsterdam University Medical Center, Berkhof Johannes , Robles Claudia ,   Catalan Institute of Oncology.
Published: October 2023

We spoke to Dr Johannes Berkhof, the coordinator of the RISCC project which aims to develop a risk-based approach to screening for cervical cancer, using screening history and other risk factors.
A new deal for the European Central Bank?
Authors:   Global Studies Institute Sciences II Université de Genève, Georgiou Christakis
Published: October 2023

The role of the European Central Bank has changed dramatically since 2010. These changes parallel the evolution of federal government institutions in the US following the New Deal, argues Dr Christakis Georgiou.
GENDER-RELATED DIFFERENCE IN JOINT HYPERMOBILITY AMONG SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Authors: Sudaryanto Wahyu Tri , Ayuningrum Ika Yuli , Putri Dylla Ramadhani
Published: October 2023

Joint hypermobility is common among school-aged children and it may progressively lead to joint pain and developmental delay. Identifying joint hypermobility in school-aged children would facilitate the monitoring of early changes and planning for early rehabilitative intervention. This study aimed to describe gender-related difference in joint hypermobility among school-aged children. A descriptive study was conducted in an elementary school in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. The study subjects were 261 students aged 6 to 12 years selected randomly. The study variables were gender and joint hypermobility. Beighton scale was used to assess joint hypermobility score. Gender-related difference in joint hypermobility among school-aged children was tested using t-test. The results of ≥4 points on Beighton scale was observed in 157 of 261 school-aged children (60.2%). Mean of Beighton score in female children (Mean= 3.87; SD= 0.19) was higher than male chidren (Mean= 4.15; SD= 1.82), but it was statistically non-significant (p= 0.256). It can conclude that there is no difference between gender in joint hypermobility among school-aged children. The need for joint hypermobility screening tests in elementary school children is highlighted.
Fear of the pandemic of the new variant of COVID-19 in the population of the Puente Piedra district in North Lima
Authors: Uribe-Hernandez Yrene , Meneses-Claudio Brian , Chaname-Marin Ann , Saberbein-Muñoz Juan , Salinas-Cruz Maria , Quesada-Aramburu Teresa
Published: October 2023

Introduction: fear is one of the perceptions that respond to how vulnerable a person is to a situation of risk of contagion by COVID-19 and compromises their well-being, so its research objective is to determine the fear of pandemic due to the new variant of COVID - 19 in the population of the Puente Piedra district in North Lima.Methods: it is a quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional study, with a total population of 577 participants, who answered a virtual survey with sociodemographic data and the COVID-19 fear scale.Results: in its results, we observe that in the population of the district of Puente Piedra, 82 (14,2 %) presents a low effect on fear of COVID - 19, 260 (45,1 %) a moderate effect on fear of COVID - 19 and 235 (40,7 %) a high effect on fear of COVID – 19.Conclusions: therefore, it is concluded that the negative emotional charge due to the fear of COVID - 19 considerably affects the mental health of the population