Attitudes and factors associated with adverse patient outcomes as perceived by nurses and medical doctors
Authors: Vukotić Ivana , Despotović Mile , Joksimović Bojan , Bokonjić Dejan , Mijović Biljana , Božinović Milena , Balaban Radmila , Abazović Maja , Drašković Kristina , Milić Marija 
Published: September 2022

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid4&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 448.64px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.05778);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;Introduction&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid5&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 489.429px; top: 448.64px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.966877);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;The patient and his safety should be at the center of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid6&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 468.64px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.933392);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;quality health care, which is a challenge for every health system. Ad&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid8&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 488.64px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.888753);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;verse patient outcomes (APO) are defined as damage caused by a drug &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid9&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 508.64px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.923659);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;or other intervention in a primary, secondary or tertiary health care fa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid11&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 528.64px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.930158);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;cility, which results in a complication of the primary or the emergence &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid12&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 548.64px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.915023);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;of a new disease or injury. The aim of our study was to determine how &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid13&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 568.64px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.915162);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;frequent the APO are, and to determine the differences between nurs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid15&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 588.64px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.9036);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;es and doctors in the frequency, causes and attitudes towards APO.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid16&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 618.089px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.01173);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;Methods&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid17&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 461.98px; top: 618.089px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.890082);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; This cross-sectional study included 100 health professionals, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid18&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 638.089px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.941549);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;nurses and medical doctors employed at the primary and secondary &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid19&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 658.089px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.948467);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;level of health care. The research was conducted in the period from &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid20&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 678.089px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.959265);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;May to October 2020. The questionnaire was partially taken from a &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid21&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 698.089px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.911819);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;general questionnaire offered on the website of the Agency for Health&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid23&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 718.089px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.891918);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;care Research and Quality and the standardized Perceived stress scale &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid24&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 738.089px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.898315);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;was used to measure the degree of subjective stress.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid25&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 767.537px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.946011);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;Results&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid26&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 449.88px; top: 767.537px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.947188);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;Forty-four health professionals (44%) experienced adverse &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid27&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 787.537px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.98524);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;patient outcomes in their career, doctors (52%) significantly more &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid28&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 807.537px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.928496);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;often than nurses (36%) (p = 0.039). More than a half of respondents &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid29&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 827.537px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.923155);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;(52.3%) declared that APO happens few times a month. Seventy per&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid31&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 847.537px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.957318);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;cent of the respondents blame their own stress burden as the main &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid32&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 867.537px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.93294);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;factor associated with APO. Doctors more often than nurses (69.2%) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid33&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 887.537px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.952008);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;blame problems in communication between health professionals as &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid34&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 907.537px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.87953);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;the main cause of APO (27.8%) (p = 0.046).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid35&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.48px; top: 936.986px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.976345);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;Conclusion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid36&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 477.796px; top: 936.986px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.893654);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; For doctors, the main cause of APO is problem in commu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid38&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.481px; top: 956.986px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.960885);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;nication, while nurses more often think that patient safety is priority &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid39&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.481px; top: 976.986px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.948402);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;when compared to doctors. Almost two thirds of respondents blame &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;page1739R_mcid40&quot; class=&quot;markedContent&quot;&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;left: 397.481px; top: 996.986px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.898177);&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot;&gt;their own stress burden as a factor associated with APO.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;