bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Image Milnor number and 𝒜
e
-codimension for maps between weighted homogeneous irreducible curves
Authors: Ament D. A. H. , Nuño-Ballesteros J. J. , Tomazella J. N.
Published: June 2019

Let (X, 0) ⊂ (ℂ
n
, 0) be an irreducible weighted homogeneous singularity curve and let f : (X, 0) → (ℂ2, 0) be a finite map germ, one-to-one and weighted homogeneous with the same weights of (X, 0). We show that 𝒜
e
-codim(X, f) = μI
(f), where the 𝒜
e
-codimension 𝒜
e
-codim(X, f) is the minimum number of parameters in a versal deformation and μI
(f) is the image Milnor number, i.e. the number of vanishing cycles in the image of a stabilization of f.
Comparison of geotourism assessment models: and experiment in Bakony–Balaton UNSECO Global Geopark, Hungary
Authors: Pál Márton , Albert Gáspár
Published: June 2019

Geological and scenic values of locations are the non-living curiosities that can be preserved and popularized a lot easier using the institutional background of geotourism, such as geoparks. UNESCO Global Geoparks Network is responsible for protecting and fostering natural, scenic and cultural values and especially geosites that are the exciting visible physical elements. Our goal was to quantify the geotourism potential around Csopak, a scenic village in the Balaton Uplands giving home for the headquarter of the Bakony-Balaton UNESCO Global Geopark. After designating 216 potential geosites using topographic and geological maps, we applied two assessment models: the Geosite Assessment Model (GAM) and the Modified Geosite Assessment Model (M-GAM). GAM has been applied with good results in Hungary on different areas, but M-GAM has not been used before. As M-GAM involves tourists into the process counting with their opinion, it may give a more realistic view of the geosites. The two methods produced different but comparable final values of geotourism potential counted from the Main Value and Additional Value scores. We discovered that the proportion of the difference of these values carries major information. The ratio of ΔAV/ΔMV used as linear functions and depicted on diagrams can derive which values are more important for the visitors. From this result we can draw conclusions about the future development trends: scientific or infrastructural values should be more effectively fostered. Using our results, geosites can be handled and developed as visitors expect it.
Notes on the impact of cycling infrastructure on tourist destination management
Authors: Šebešová Adriana , Kršák Branislav
Published: June 2019

There has been a large support given to building of cycling routes in Slovakia for last few years at all levels and many aspects. Not just legislative, strategic and technical point of view but also financial support is necessary to take in account. According to this big effort is necessary to be more focused on a question of evaluation of impacts on local communities. This article deals with analysis of cycling infrastructure impact on destination performance.
An Exploratory Cross-Country Analysis of Female Entrepreneurial Activity: The Roles of Gendered Institutions
Authors: Wu Juan , Li Yaokuang
Published: June 2019

The use of a gender-neutral approach to explore the contextual determinants of female entrepreneurship may preclude us from unraveling the complex institutions that tend to treat men and women asymmetrically, namely gendered institutions. This paper uses institutional theory to highlight different institutional patterns from a gendered perspective. In particular, drawing upon Scott’s well-known formulation of three institutional categories, we examine how three pillars of gendered institutions—regulative, normative and cognitive gendered institutions—shape both the absolute and the relative levels of female entrepreneurial activity, that is, female total early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA) rate and female/male TEA ratio. Using cross-sectional data for 63 countries in 2013, we employ exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis and find that all three dimensions of gendered institutions have significant influences on the relative levels of female entrepreneurial activity, while only regulative and cognitive gendered institutions are significantly related to the absolute level of female entrepreneurship. Specifically, regulative gendered institutions have negative impacts, while cognitive gendered institutions have positive impacts. In addition, among the three distinct dimensions of gendered institutions, cognitive gendered institutions have the most important effect on both levels of female entrepreneurship. Implications for research and policy are discussed.
On the first fall degree of summation polynomials
Authors: Kousidis Stavros , Wiemers Andreas
Published: June 2019

We improve on the first fall degree bound of polynomial systems that arise
from a Weil descent along Semaev’s summation polynomials relevant to the solution of the Elliptic Curve
Discrete Logarithm Problem via Gröbner basis algorithms.
Implicit Causality in younger and older adults
Authors: Bittner Dagmar
Published: June 2019

The study asked whether there are age-related differences in the Implicit Causality values (IC-values) of transitive verbs in younger and older adults. The results are expected to support either linguistic accounts or world-knowledge accounts of the origin of Implicit Causality. Using the traditional sentence-completion task (John VERBs Mary, because …) 124 verbs were investigated in a group of students around age 23 and in a group of older people around age 81. Compared to the students, the older people produced higher proportions of Object-reference with verbs showing Subject-reference in general and higher Subject-reference with verbs showing Object-reference in general. Verb-class analysis in terms of semantic role patterns showed that the IC-values of SE-verbs and ES-verbs were less different in the two groups than those of SE-AP-verbs, AP-verbs, and APpres-verbs. The differences in the two latter classes are significant. The relatively broad similarity in the IC-values of the two age groups supports linguistic accounts of the origin of IC-values. The observed differences, however, point to variation in the perspective on interpersonal events in younger and older adults. It is hypothesized that the latter observation reflects an impact of world knowledge on IC-values in that the social life situations of younger and older adults shape expectations regarding who is causing an interpersonal event somewhat differently in the two age groups.
Language and aging research: new insights and perspectives
Authors: Gerstenberg Annette , Lindholm Camilla
Published: June 2019

Our introduction to the special collection gives an overview of the research projects which were originally presented at the third CLARe network conference. We group the research under four cross-sectional topics that unite the different contributions: the data used in the research, the theoretical frameworks, the languages and varieties which are represented and the situational contexts which are examined. These projects represent the current state of research in this field and allows the reader to orient themselves within this diverse field but also leaves many questions open and provides impetus for future lines of research. The interaction and collaboration between diverse disciplines is the central aspect which unites all contributions to the special collection.
Crystal structure of dihydrazinium 1H-pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylate, C5H12N6O4
Authors: Latinović Nedeljko , Novaković Sladjana B. , Bogdanović Goran A. , Kastratović Vlatko , Giester Gerald , Jaćimović Željko K.
Published: June 2019

C5H12N6O4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 4.3368(6) Å, b = 15.483(2) Å, c = 13.8852(19) Å, β = 97.714(3)°, V = 923.9(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0411, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1109, T = 200(2) K.
The crystal structure of (1E,2E)-2-methyl-4-((7-oxo-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-9-yl)oxy)but-2-enal O-isonicotinoyl oxime–trichloromethane (3/1), C67H49Cl3N6O18
Authors: Yu Xiang , Yang Xu-Li , Zhao You-Fang , Qin Yan , Yan Jing , Chen Ya-Fang
Published: June 2019

C67H49Cl3N6O18, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 12.3281(4) Å, b = 15.8887(5) Å, c = 16.9037(6) Å, α = 89.015(2)°, β = 77.885(3)°, γ = 72.021(3)°, V = 3075.20(19) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0658, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1558, T = 291.2(3) K.
Gesundheit und Geschlecht: Ein Überblick
Authors: Kolip Petra
Published: June 2019

Geschlechtsunterschiede bezogen auf Gesundheit und Krankheit sind vielfach dokumentiert und zeigen sich u.a. in der geringeren Lebenserwartung von Männern. Zu diesen Unterschieden tragen biologische (sex) wie auch soziale Faktoren (gender) bei. So formen Geschlechterstereotype das gesundheitsrelevante Verhalten, wie sie auch die Berufswahl mit jeweils spezifischen Risiken beeinflussen. Auch ist das Ausmaß der Gleichstellung in europäischen Ländern mit der Lebenserwartung beider Geschlechter assoziiert.
Geschlechtsspezifische Arbeitsbelastungen und Ressourcen in der stationären Behindertenhilfe – eine Annäherung
Authors: Koppelin Frauke
Published: June 2019

Studien zu Arbeitsbedingungen und Gesundheit beschäftigter Frauen und Männer in stationären Einrichtungen der Behindertenhilfe gibt es für Deutschland erst wenige; sie zeigen eine heterogene Befundlage geschlechtsspezifischer Belastungen und Ressourcen. Für die gesundheitsförderliche Gestaltung der Arbeitsbedingungen in den Einrichtungen braucht es weitere belastbare Studien.
Geschlechterspezifische Gesundheitsaufklärung durch die BZgA: Historischer Rückblick
Authors: Pfütsch Pierre
Published: June 2019

Im vorliegenden Artikel wird gezeigt, wie die Kategorie „Geschlecht“ in der deutschen Gesundheitsaufklärung der letzten 100 Jahre berücksichtigt wurde und welche Geschlechterrollenbilder ihr zugrunde lagen. So waren Frauen bis in die späten 1970er Jahre die Hauptadressaten der Gesundheitsaufklärung und wurden immer wieder mit Themen von Mütterlichkeit und Hausfrauentätigkeit in Verbindung gebracht. Männer wurden erst in den 1980er Jahre als relevante Zielgruppe entdeckt und häufig mit arbeitsspezifischen Themen in Zusammenhang gebracht.
Communication as commitment sharing: speech acts, implicatures, common ground
Authors: Geurts Bart
Published: June 2019

The main tenet of this paper is that human communication is first and foremost a matter of negotiating commitments, rather than one of conveying intentions, beliefs, and other mental states. Every speech act causes the speaker to become committed to the hearer to act on a propositional content. Hence, commitments are relations between speakers, hearers, and propositions. Their purpose is to enable speakers and hearers to coordinate their actions: communication is coordinated action for action coordination. To illustrate the potential of the approach, commitment-based analyses are offered for a representative sample of speech act types, conversational implicatures, as well as for common ground.
Can Monitoring Training Load Deter Performance Drop-off During Off-season Training in Division III American Football Players?
Authors: Kildow Ashley R. , Wright Glenn , Reh Ryan M. , Jaime Salvador , Doberstein Scott
Published: June 2019

Kildow, AR, Wright, G, Reh, RM, Jaime, S, and Doberstein, S. Can monitoring training load deter performance drop-off during off-season training in Division III American football players? J Strength Cond Res 33(7): 1745–1754, 2019—The primary aim of this observational investigation was to monitor performance of Division III American football players during off-season training while the secondary aim was to investigate differences in training adaptations between linemen and nonline players. Twenty-three subjects from the university's football team were recruited from an Exercise Science 100 conditioning class to participate in a 15-week off-season training program. Phase I consisted of concurrent strength and speed/endurance training (3–4 d·wk−1) for 7 weeks. Phase II consisted of strength training and spring football practice (3–4 d·wk−1) for 4 weeks. Countermovement jump, estimated one repetition maximum (1RM) bench press and back squat, 505 change of direction (COD), repeated 30-yard anaerobic sprint test (RAST), and body mass were all measured Pre, Mid, and Post training program. Two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures revealed no significant interaction between linemen and nonline players for all performance variables (p > 0.05). Over the course of the study, RSAT % decrement, 505 COD times, and estimated 1RM performance for bench and squat significantly improved (p ≤ 0.05). No significant changes were detected in CMJ, RSAT best time, or body mass. Results indicate that linemen and non-line players did not respond significantly different to the present training program. The 15-week training program produced improvements in COD skill, speed, anaerobic capacity, and muscular strength. Furthermore, all performance changes were maintained through the end of the study. Data from this study indicate that monitoring training load can give feedback to help augment performance and prevent performance decrements during the off-season.
Effect of Grain Refinement by Laser Surface Treatment on Cell Adhesion Behavior of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Guo Changgang , Wang Lingqian , Zhou Jiansong , Cao Baocheng , Xu Yimeng , Almaqrami Bushra Sufyan , Zhu Bowu
Published: June 2019

Laser surface melting (LSM) has been widely reported for corrosion protection to magnesium alloys. However, magnesium alloys are much better known as implant materials; thus, in this work, cell adhesion behavior of AZ91D magnesium alloy by LSM treatment was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), contact angle measurements, hydrogen evolution tests, and cell culture study were used to characterize the microstructure, composition, surface energy, biodegradability, cell adhesion behavior, and cytocompatibility, respectively. Results showed that the biodegradation rate decreased, the surface energy (42.9 ± 1.3 mJ/m2, N = 10) was higher than that of the as-received one (23.1 ± 1.2 mJ/m2, N = 10), and the average surface roughness value (Ra) increased from 0.16 ± 0.02 μm to 2.53 ± 0.03 μm after LSM treatment. The laser-surface-treated magnesium alloys presented good cytocompatibility, and the cell adhesion on the surface of magnesium alloy was improved because of the higher surface energy, lower degradation, and increased roughness.
Design Optimization of Instrumented Strikers for Charpy V-Notch Pendulum Impact Testing
Authors: Schuurmans Johan
Published: June 2019

The Charpy impact test was originally devised to measure the amount of energy absorbed by a material during fracture. Instrumentation of the striker extended the scope of this inexpensive dynamic test significantly. By not only recording the absorbed energy but also the force applied to the specimen as a function of time, additional information about the material’s properties is obtainable. At the present day, however, no internationally accepted procedure to calibrate or verify the measured dynamic force exists. From an engineering viewpoint, an instrumented striker for which a static force calibration is sufficient to accurately measure the force applied to the specimen during a Charpy impact test would be ideal. To investigate if such an instrumented striker can be designed, the influence of the striker geometry, the location of the strain gauges, and the static force calibration procedure on the force measured by an instrumented International Organization for Standardization striker is assessed using finite element analysis. It is demonstrated that when the strain gauge bridge on the striker is sensitive to the load distribution at the striking edge, the voltage response for the Charpy impact test deviates from the static force calibration curve, and the conversion of the voltage readout to force values introduces an error in the force value and hence a discrepancy between computed and angle-based energies. A striker with a height of 12 mm and strain gauges positioned at 17 mm from the striking edge is nearly insensitive to the load distribution, and a static force calibration is sufficient to accurately measure the force during an impact test.
The Poet as Printer’s Fist: Walt Whitman’s Indicative Hand
Authors: Conrad Eric
Published: June 2019

Eric Conrad, “The Poet as Printer’s Fist: Walt Whitman’s Indicative Hand” (pp. 54–86)

At the intersection of the professional author’s ascent in the United States and the growing centralization and sophistication of the advertising trade, a new anxiety surfaces in the world of nineteenth-century American publishing: how best to sell the literary text and, in turn, market its author. While a number of vocal literary figures perceived the encroachment of advertising, tainted by its ties to patent medicine fraud, as anathema to the genteel world of letters, Walt Whitman eagerly embraced its promotional potential. Nowhere is that affinity more pronounced than in the visual symbol Whitman used to represent his revolutionary poetics within the third edition of Leaves of Grass (1860): a butterfly perched on an outstretched index finger. Contemporaneous readers would have instantly recognized that curious pointing hand as a manicule or printer’s fist, an icon with deep ties to both manuscript culture and the world of commercial advertising. In this essay I track two trajectories—Whitman’s insistence that his poetry merely gestured toward a future, superior generation of poets and the 1860 edition’s relationship to developments in American book design and literary marketing—to demonstrate that Whitman’s butterfly icon does not simply brand his poetry with a recognizable symbol: by embracing the iconography of nineteenth-century promotion to point readers to their unrealized poetic future, it visually distills the central argument of Leaves of Grass. Understood within these contexts, Whitman’s pointing finger insists that Leaves of Grass is itself an advertisement, an audacious and ephemeral announcement for a so-called new breed of poets.
Co-Producing Community and Knowledge: Indigenous Epistemologies of Engaged, Ethical Research in an Urban Context
Authors: Howard Heather A.
Published: June 2019

Until recently, the specific and unique ethics considerations of research with the large and diverse populations of Indigenous peoples living in cities have not been adequately addressed. With its emphasis on respect, responsibility, and beneficial outcomes for research participants, community-based participatory research (CBPR) has been described as intrinsically ethical, and in many cases, consistent with a generalized understanding of Indigenous moral values. Through a retrospective reflection on community-engaged research in the urban context of Toronto, this essay examines critically transformations in the conceptualization of ethical research and of CBPR with Indigenous peoples. Historical analysis of urban Indigenous community epistemologies is presented as a dynamic process which informs ethical practice in the production of both community and of knowledge. Community-initiated and implemented research highlights the complexities in urban Indigenous authority-making, complicates contemporary
Indigenizing Digital Literacies: Community Informatics Research with the Algonquin First Nations of Timiskaming and Long Point
Authors: McMahon Rob , Whiteduck Tim , Chasle Arline , Chief Shelley , Polson Leonard , Rodgers Henry
Published: June 2019

Community-engaged digital literacies initiatives can greatly benefit from knowledge and practices developed by Indigenous peoples. In this paper, we describe a research project to develop digital literacies with two Algonquin First Nations in Quebec: Timiskaming and Long Point. This project reflects a First Mile approach to Community Informatics, informed by the theoretical framework of Indigenous resurgence and by engaged research methodologies. In telecommunications and broadband terminology, communities are typically framed as the ‘last mile’ of development. The First Mile approach challenges this situation by encouraging projects that emerge from the locally determined needs of collaborating communities, who gain ownership and control of processes and outcomes. Drawing on community-engaged research methodologies, university-based researchers facilitate this work while community-based researchers integrate data collection, analysis, and public outreach activities into the lived realities of community members. We discuss how digital literacies projects can benefit from the theoretical framework of Indigenous resurgence, which stresses the daily practices that support the continual renewal of Indigenous communities.
We Are Coming Home: Repatriation and the Restoration of Blackfoot Cultural Confidence by Gerald T. Conaty (ed.) 2015. AU Press: Edmonton, AB. 299pp. ISBN. 978-1-77199-017-2
Authors: Turner Hannah
Published: June 2019

Repatriation is a complex practice that involves the dedication and patience of both museum staff and community ceremonialists and members. However, histories of repatriation events are not often discussed, in part because of the lengthy process of each single repatriation; but also because repatriation often blurs the lines between the professional, personal, and communal.
Competence allocation planning robust to unexpected staff absenteeism
Authors: Szwarc Eryk , Bocewicz Grzegorz , Banaszak Zbigniew , Wikarek Jarosław
Published: June 2019

In order to deal with unexpected events such as employee absenteeism and/or a demand for personnel that is higher or lower than
expected, organizations need to adopt proactive and reactive scheduling strategies to protect the personnel roster and to respond
to this operational variability, respectively. In this paper, we discuss a proactive approach that exploits the concept of employee
substitutability to improve the flexibility of a personnel shift roster to respond to schedule disruptions. With a view to developing a
DSS-driven method dedicated to competence allocation planning robust to unexpected staff absenteeism, we present the concept
of the so-called robust employee competence structure. A declarative model of the concept allows to find an employee competence
structure robust to a given set of disruptions while guaranteeing an admissible personnel allocation to the assumed set of tasks.
Since the problem of designing such a robust structure is NP-hard, another goal of the present study is to propose a sufficient
condition the fulfilment of which will guarantee the validity of calculations. Potential applications of the proposed solution are
discussed using examples
An extended model of angular bearing - influence of fitting and pre-deformation
Authors: Kosmol Jan
Published: June 2019

The paper presents a modeling of angular bearing in the context of motion resistance. It was assumed that the motion resistance
depends on the contact forces. For that reason, the main goal of modeling was an estimation of the forces and determination of the
influence of such parameters, like rotational speed of the bearing ring, pre-displacement of the bearing and fit of the shaft and the
inner ring, exerted on those forces. In the literature, when estimating the contact forces, such parameters are taken into account
very rarely. The modelling was performed by means of a numerical method, viz. FEM. The modeling results show that the omission
of such parameters will lead to big errors in estimation of contact forces, and those errors may be as high as 100%, or even higher.
The real motion resistance will be bigger than calculated.
Gear pitting fault diagnosis using raw acoustic emission signal based on deep learning
Authors: Li Xueyi , Li Jialin , He David , Qu Yongzhi
Published: June 2019

Gear pitting fault is one of the most common faults in mechanical transmission. Acoustic emission (AE) signals have been effective
for gear fault detection because they are less affected by ambient noise than traditional vibration signals. To overcome the problem
of low gear pitting fault recognition rate using AE signals and convolutional neural networks, this paper proposes a new method
named augmented convolution sparse autoencoder (ACSAE) for gear pitting fault diagnosis using raw AE signals. First, the proposed method combines sparse autoencoder and one-dimensional convolutional neural networks for unsupervised learning and
then uses the reinforcement theory to enhance the adaptability and robustness of the network. The ACSAE method can automatically extract fault features directly from the original AE signals without time and frequency domain conversion of the AE signals.
AE signals collected from gear test experiments are used to validate the ACSAE method. The analysis result of the gear pitting
fault test shows that the proposed method can effectively performing recognition of the gear pitting faults, and the recognition rate
reaches above 98%. The comparative analysis shows that in comparison with fully-connected neural networks, convolutional neural networks, and recurrent neural networks, the ACSAE method has achieved a better diagnostic accuracy for gear fitting faults.
Reliability-based design optimization under fuzzy and interval variables based on entropy theory
Authors: Gao Huiying , Zhang Xiaoqiang
Published: June 2019

Reliability-based design optimization under fuzzy and interval variables is important in engineering practice. The interval Monte
Carlo simulation (IMCS), extremum method, and saddlepoint approximation (SPA) can be used for reliability optimization issues
contain only interval variables. Thus, how to deal with the fuzzy variables is critical for system reliability analysis and optimization
design. The α-level cut method can be applied to deal with fuzzy variables but it is complex and computationally expensive. Therefore, an equivalent conversion method based on entropy theory is proposed in this paper, which can convert the fuzzy variables to
the normal random variables to avoid the complex integral process. According to the equivalent conversion method, the entropybased sequential optimization and reliability assessment (E-SORA) is developed in combination with the worst case analysis
(WCA) for reliability-based design optimization under fuzzy and interval variables. A numerical example about the reliability
design of the crank-link mechanism under fuzzy and interval variables is solved by the E-SORA, double-loops method, and α-level
cut algorithm, respectively, is used to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency, and the results show that the proposed method is
feasible for reliability-based design optimization under fuzzy and interval variables
Üniversite öğrencilerinin ilişkilerle ilgili bilişsel çarpıtmaları ve öfke ifade tarzları
Authors: YÜKSEL Arzu , BAHADIR YILMAZ Emel
Published: June 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışma üniversite öğrencilerinin kişilerarası ilişkilerle ilgili bilişsel çarpıtmaları ve öfke ifade tarzlarının incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, kesitsel ve analitik türde bir araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi 335 hemşirelik ve 152 sağlık yönetimi bölümü öğrencisinden oluşmuştur (n=487). Veriler, “Öğrenci Bilgi Formu”, “Kişilerarası Bilişsel Çarpıtmalar Ölçeği (KBÇÖ)” ve “Sürekli Öfke-Öfke Tarz Ölçeği (SÖ-ÖTÖ)” ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin ilişkilerle ilgili bilişsel çarpıtmalar genel toplam puan ortalaması 50.27±10.63 olup sürekli öfke tarzı puan ortalaması 21.77±5.80, öfke tarzı ölçeğinin “kontrol altına alınmış öfke” boyutunda 22.76±4.70,  “dışa vurulan öfke” boyutunda 16.78±4.58 ve “içte tutulan öfke” boyutunda 17.05±4.31 olarak saptanmıştır. İİBÇÖ ile SÖ-ÖTÖ arasında orta düzeyde ve pozitif yönde bir ilişki belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, öğrencilerin ilişkilerle ilgili bilişsel çarpıtmalarının sürekli öfke-öfke ifade tarzları ile ilişkili olduğunu saptamıştır. Bu bulgular doğrultusunda, öğrencilerin bilişsel çarpıtmalarını ve öfke ile ilgili yaşadıkları sorunları çözmek için bilinçli farkındalık temelli bilişsel-davranışçı yaklaşımların uygulanması önerilmiştir.
Evaluation of Antibacterial Effect of Propolis and Its Application in Mouthwash Production
Authors: Nazeri Rahman , Ghaiour Marzieh , Abbasi Shima
Published: June 2019

Objectives: The purpose was to determine the antibacterial properties of propolis and to evaluate its use as an antibacterial mouthwash with minimal complications.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental laboratory study, an alcoholic propolis extract was prepared. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was calculated for four bacterial species including Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus), and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) using agar dilution. According to the MIC, a propolis antibacterial mouthwash was produced and compared to water, chlorhexidine (CHX), and Listerine using laboratory rats for clinical examination. Salivary specimens of rats were collected at 12 hours, 1 week, and 2 weeks after using the mouthwash and examined by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and repeated measures ANOVA (α=0.05).
Results: The results of agar dilution by the number of colony-forming units (CFU) showed the lowest MIC for S. aureus and the highest for L. acidophilus. The results of the RT-PCR indicated that water alone had no effect on the level of oral bacteria. Propolis mouthwash showed a significant difference with CHX and Listerine (P<0.05) in terms of the number of S. mutans, E. faecalis, and L. acidophilus colonies, while CHX and Listerine were less efficient. There was no significant difference between CHX and propolis (P=0.110) regarding S. aureus colonies, but Listerine had a lower efficacy than either (P<0.05).
Conclusions: According to the results, propolis mouthwash was more efficient against the studied oral bacteria compared to CHX and Listerine.
Corrosion Behavior of a Nickel-Base Dental Casting Alloy in Artificial Saliva Studied by Weight Loss and Polarization Techniques
Authors: Moslehifard Elnaz , Moslehifard Mahsa , Ghasemzadeh Sanaz , Nasirpouri Farzad
Published: June 2019

Objectives: Nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) base dental alloys with desirable properties have been employed in prosthodontics for years. Corrosion behavior of a Ni-Cr base alloy in artificial saliva with different pH values is determined in this work.
Materials and Methods: Corrosion behavior of Ni-Cr alloy was studied using weight loss described by corrosion rate (CR) in mils per year (mpy) and potentiodynamic polarization described by corrosion potential (CP) in mV and current density (CD) in mA/cm2 in artificial saliva with different pH. Surface morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical difference was assessed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test with a difference significance of 95%.
Results: In weight loss method, CR was 71.95±3.40, 17.26±1.03, 8.92±0.35, and 6.93±0.54 mpy at pH values of 2.5, 5, 7, and 9, respectively. CR obtained at pH of 2.5 was significantly different than that in other groups, but those obtained at pH of 5, 7, and 9 were not significantly different. In the polarization method, CP values were significantly different. CD measured at pH of 2.5 and 5 was significantly different than the rest of pH values (P<0.05). CRs at pH of 7 and 9 were not significantly different. SEM exhibited the formation of preferential sites of corrosion attacks influenced by pH.
Conclusions: Both techniques revealed consistent results. Corrosion resistance increases as pH increases towards less acidic conditions. In more acidic saliva, the corrosion rate is greater. The less acidic saliva leads to formation of a more stable passive film on Ni, and the dissolution of Ni decreases, leading to lower CRs.
Comparison of Microleakage of Pedo Jacket Crowns and Stainless Steel Crowns Cemented with Different Cements
Authors: Sohrabi Mona , Ghadimi Sara , Seraj Bahman
Published: June 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the microleakage of Pedo Jacket crowns compared to stainless steel crowns (SSCs) cemented with different luting cements.
Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro experimental study, 80 primary molars were randomly divided into four groups of 20 each. Groups 1 and 2 were subjected to standard tooth preparation for SSC. Crowns in group 1 were cemented with glass ionomer (GI), and crowns in group 2 were cemented with a resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) cement. In groups 3 and 4, minimal tooth preparation was performed for Pedo Jacket crowns, and the crowns were cemented with RMGI and Panavia resin cement, respectively. Microleakage was measured at mesial and distal surfaces in micrometers (µm), and the mean value for each tooth was calculated. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to compare the microleakage of the four groups.
Results: Group 3 (Pedo Jacket cemented with RMGI) showed the highest microleakage (1523.83±250.32 µm) with significant differences with the remaining three groups (P<0.001). Microleakage in group 4 (Pedo Jacket cemented with Panavia) was significantly lower than that in the other three groups (301.25±219.53 µm, P<0.001). Groups 1 (SSCs cemented with GI) and 2 (SSCs cemented with RMGI) were not significantly different in terms of microleakage (P=0.49) although group 1 showed slightly higher microleakage than group 2 (598.43±260.85 µm versus 500.25±124.74 µm).
Conclusions: Pedo Jacket crowns can serve as an acceptable esthetic alternative to SSCs if cemented with resin cements.
Volumetric Assessment of Root Canal Obturation Using 3% Nano-Chitosan Versus Zinc Oxide Eugenol (ZOE) and Iodoform-Calcium Hydroxide (Metapex), in Primary Root Canals Shaped with Rotary Versus Manual Methods: A Preliminary In-Vitro Spiral CT Study
Authors: Babashahi Elahe , Mohmadi Kartalaie Maryam , Basir Leila , Rakhshan4 Vahid
Published: June 2019

Objectives: In this study, chitosan was introduced and used as a substitute for pulpectomy obturation against conventional materials: zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) and iodoform-calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) compounds. Also, efficacies of rotary versus manual instrumentations were compared.
Materials and Methods: This preliminary in-vitro study was performed on 152 intact non-resorbed root canals of primary molars divided into rotary (n=78) versus hand-instrumentation (n=74) and also into ZOE (n=53), iodoform-Ca(OH)2 (n=50), and 3% nano-chitosan (n=49). Canals were cleaned/shaped using hand or rotary files. Canal spaces were measured using spiral computed tomography (CT). Canals were then obturated using the three materials. The percentages of obturation volume (POV) were estimated. Rotary and manual instrumentations were compared in terms of canal spaces before and after obturation. Three obturation materials were compared in terms of canal spaces after obturation (α=0.05).
Results: Average POVs of materials were 96.54% (ZOE), 97.87% (Metapex), and 74.74% (nano-chitosan; P=0.000). POV of chitosan differed from the other two (P=0.000) but the other two were similar (P=0.896). Average POVs were 91.46% (manual) and 88.51% (rotary); the difference was not significant (P=0.322). Pre-obturation spaces of canals for different methods were 3.89 mm3 (manual) and 3.26 mm3 (rotary); the difference was significant (P=0.013). Two-way ANCOVA showed a significant effect of materials (P=0.000) but not root length (P=0.585) or shaping methods (P=0.362) on POVs.
Conclusions: Nano-chitosan showed a considerable success rate but it still needs reformulation as it was weaker than the extremely successful commercial competitors. Rotary instrumentation can provide results similar to hand-filing in terms of POV although it might yield smaller canals.
Comparison of Canine Overlap in Pediatric Patients Requiring Stainless Steel Crown Placement Under General Anesthesia Before and After the Procedure
Authors: Ghadimi Sara , Seraj Bahman , Ostadalipour Abbas , Askari Elnaz
Published: June 2019

Objectives: Despite the increasing popularity of pediatric dental treatments under general anesthesia, information is scarce regarding occlusal changes in patients receiving stainless steel crowns (SSCs) under general anesthesia. This study sought to compare canine overlap before and after general anesthesia in children receiving SSCs. In case of a change, the possibility of returning to the preoperative state and the time required for this process were also evaluated.
Materials and Methods: This interventional, before-and-after study was performed on 60 children between 2 to 7 years of age requiring dental treatment under general anesthesia. The contact point of the most prominent area of the maxillary primary canine and mandibular primary canine was marked before and immediately after general anesthesia and at one and two weeks postoperatively. The change in canine overlap was analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear regression test.
Results: Canine overlap significantly decreased immediately after general anesthesia (P<0.05). The mean bite opening was 0.51±0.22 mm at the site of the right canine and 0.50±0.185 mm at the site of the left canine. These values returned to their normal preoperative state after one week (P<0.05). Repeated measures ANOVA showed significant differences in this respect between the time points (P=0.002).
Conclusions: The occlusion and vertical dimension of pediatric patients may change following dental treatment under general anesthesia; the magnitude of change in canine overlap may vary depending on the class of occlusion and number of SSCs placed. These changes are temporary and often resolve within a week.
Philosophical Issues Arising from Dual Nature of Light in Young’s Double-Slit Experiment
Authors: Aksakallı Ayhan , Turgut Ümit , SALAR Rıza
Published: June 2019

This study aims to present a perspective regarding the philosophical
issues arising from the dual nature of light in Young’s double-slit experiment.
In this regard, a summary of Young’s double-slit experiment was presented, the
effect of the mathematical equations of the experiment on the existing
philosophical was questioned, and the ontological and epistemological concerns
arising from this experiment were discussed. To realize this discussion, the
opinions of several philosophers of quantum mechanics were considered and an
attempt made to establish a relationship between them.
Türkmen Öğrencilerin Türkmenistan’da Ortaokullarda Sosyal Bilgiler Kapsamında Okutulan Dersler Hakkındaki Görüşleri
Authors: ORAN Mehmet
Published: June 2019

Bu
çalışma, Uşak Üniversitesinde öğrenim gören Türkmen öğrencilerin
Türkmenistan’da ortaokullarda Sosyal Bilgiler kapsamında okutulan dersler
hakkındaki görüşlerini ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın orijinal
tarafı Türkmen öğrencilerin Türkmenistan’da ortaokullarda okutulan Sosyal Bilgiler kapsamındaki dersler hakkındaki görüşlerini
ortaya koyan bir çalışmanın olmaması ve bu çalışmanın bu boşluğu gidermesidir. Araştırmada
nitel araştırma tekniklerinden durum çalışması modeli uygulanmıştır.
Araştırmada nitel veri analizlerinden betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma
grubun oluşturulurken amaçsal örneklem yöntemine başvurulmuştur. Bu bağlamda Uşak
Üniversitesinde öğrenim gören toplam 10 Türkmen öğrenciye yarı yapılandırılmış
görüşme formu uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonunda; Türkmenistan’daki Sosyal Bilgiler ile eşdeğer
derslerin bilimsel, açık ve net, ulusal değerleri yansıttığı, diğer ulusların
kültürleri hakkında bilgi verdiği, günlük hayatla ilişkili konular içerdiği sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Duygusal Öz-Yeterlik ile Sıkıntıya Dayanma Düzeyi İlişkisi
Authors: AKKUŞ ÇUTUK Zeynep
Published: June 2019

Bu
araştırmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin duygusal öz-yeterlik ile cinsiyet, kardeş
sayısı, anne baba tutumu, sosyo-ekonomik düzey ve sıkıntıya dayanma düzeyi
arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir.  Araştırmada
ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, 287’si kadın,
103’ü erkek olmak üzere toplam 390 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır.
Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Duygusal Öz-Yeterlik
Ölçeği ve Sıkıntıya Dayanma Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada T-testi, tek
yönlü Varyans Analizi (One Way Anova), Pearson Momentler Çarpım Korelasyon
Katsayısı ve Basit Doğrusal Regresyon Analizi teknikleri kullanılmıştır.
Araştırmanın sonucunda, cinsiyetin, kardeş sayısının, anne baba tutumunun ve
sosyo-ekonomik durumun duygusal öz-yeterlik düzeyi üzerinde etkisinin olmadığı,
duygusal öz-yeterlik ile sıkıntıya dayanma düzeyi arasında anlamlı ve pozitif
yönde bir ilişki olduğu ve sıkıntıya dayanmanın duygusal öz-yeterlik düzeyini
anlamlı bir şekilde yordadığı bulunmuştur.
İktisat Okullarında Piyasa Başarısızlıkları Ve Finansal Kriz Yaklaşımı: Türkiye’de 2001 Finansal Krizi Üzerine Post Keynesyen Bir Analiz
Authors: DORUK Ömer Tuğsal
Published: June 2019

Finansal
kriz yaklaşımı, makro iktisadi analizde iktisat okulları tarafından farklı
varsayımlara dayanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada finansal kriz yaklaşımı, Post
Keynesyen iktisat okulu çerçevesinde Türkiye ekonomisinde yaşanan en ağır
finansal krizlerden birisi olan 2001 finansal krizi açısından karşılaştırmalı
olarak incelenmektedir. Genel itibariyle Post Keynesyen iktisat okulunun
Türkiye ekonomisinde 2001 finansal krizini açıklamada alternatif bir yaklaşıma
sahip olduğu ve krizin ana nedenlerini daha iyi açıkladığı görülmektedir.
Deneysel Ölçüme Dayalı Beslenme Eğitiminin Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Beslenme Davranışlarına ve Beslenme Öz-Yeterliklerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÖZGENEL Mustafa , Özden Ferah
Published: June 2019

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, deneysel ölçüme dayalı beslenme eğitiminin, ortaokul
öğrencilerinin beslenme davranışlarına ve beslenme öz-yeterliklerine etkisini
araştırmaktır. Araştırmada,  kontrol
gruplu ön test-son test deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, 2017-2018
öğretim yılında, 38 gönüllü öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, Çocuk Beslenme
Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği ve Beslenme Davranış Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Veriler
bağımsız gruplar t testi yapılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgulara göre deney ve
kontrol grubundaki öğrencilerin beslenme davranışları ön test ve son test fark
puanları deney grubu lehine anlamlı farklılık gösterirken, beslenme öz-yeterlik
ön test ve son test fark puanları anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemektedir. Ancak,
deney grubundaki öğrencilerin beslenme öz yeterlik ortalama puanları, kontrol
grubundaki öğrencilerin ortalama puanlarından daha yüksektir. Bu sonuçlara göre
belirli bir program dâhilinde öğrencilere beslenme eğitimleri verilmesi önerilebilir.
1980’li Yıllar Türkiyesi’nde Gazetecilik: Uyanık Gazeteci Film Örneği
Authors: BECERİKLİ Rifat
Published: June 2019

Türkiye’de
gazetecilik mesleğinin tarihsel süreci uzun bir geçmişe dayansa da özellikle
1980’li yıllardan sonra toplumsal yapıyla doğru orantılı olarak büyük bir
değişim ve dönüşüm geçirmiştir. Bu dönem 24 Ocak Kararları, 12 Eylül 1980
askeri darbesi, 1982 Anayasası ve 1983 yılında Turgut Özal’ın başbakan olması
gibi önemli gelişmeler artarda gelerek Türkiye’yi derinden etkiler. Her meslek
gibi gazeteciliğin de kendine özgü bir takım kuralları bulunmaktadır. Bu
bağlamda gazetecilik mesleğinin de gerçek bilgiye ulaşma, etik değerlere sahip
olma, kamu yararı gözetme, tarafsızlık gibi evrensel değerleri vardır.
Çalışmada Kemal Sunal‘ın başrolünü oynadığı Uyanık
Gazeteci (1988) filmi temelinde dönem içinde Türkiye’deki gazetecilik
temsili incelenecektir.
Kurumsal İtibarın Medyadaki İzleri: Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: ÇİÇEK Berat , ÇİÇEK Ahmet
Published: June 2019

Kurumsal itibar kavramı, insanların bir kurum hakkında sahip oldukları yargıyı ifade etmektedir. Değişen rekabet koşulları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, sahip olunan olumlu bir itibar algısının maddi varlıklarla ölçülemeyecek kadar önemli olduğu görülmektedir. Bu nedenle paydaşlar nezdinde olumlu bir itibar algısına sahip olmak günümüz yönetim anlayışı açısından bir gereklilik haline gelmiştir. Çalışmada Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi’nin kitle iletişim araçlarından olan yazılı medyadaki kurumsal itibarının izleri aranmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda 2015-2017 yılları arasında kurum hakkında yapılan haberlerin tümü derlenerek, içerik analizi yaklaşımına göre analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, kurumun medyada yer alan haberlerinin çoğunlukla olumlu olduğu bu durumun da kurumun itibarına olumlu bir katkı sunabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Predicting the need for supportive services after discharged from hospital: a systematic review
Authors: Kobewka Daniel , Mulpuru Sunita , Chassé Michaël , Thavorn Kednapa , Lavallée Luke , English Shane , Neilipovitz Benjamin , Neilipovitz Jonathan , Forster Alan , McIsaac Daniel
Published: June 2019

Background

To identify models and variables that predict the need for supportive services after discharge from acute care hospital.

Methods

We performed a systematic review searching the MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and COCHRANE databases from inception to May 1st 2017.

We selected studies that derived and validated a prediction model for the need for supportive services after hospital discharge for patients admitted non-electively to a medical ward. We extracted cohort characteristics, model characteristics and variables screened and included in final predictive models. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in prognostic studies tool.

Results

Our search identified 3362 unique references. Full text review identified 6 models. All studies had moderate or high risk of bias. Models had good discrimination in derivation (c-statistics >0.75) and validation (c-statistics >0.70) cohorts. There was high quality evidence that age, impaired physical function, disabilities in performing activities of daily living, and frailty predict the need for supportive services after discharge. Stroke was the only unique diagnosis with at least moderate evidence of an independent effect on the outcome. No models were externally validated, and all were at moderate of higher risk of bias.

Conclusions

The ability to perform self-care and the presence of informal care givers in the home environment are the most direct determinants of the need for support services after hospital discharge.
Emergency Department and Inpatient Utilization among U.S. Older Adults with Multiple Chronic Conditions: A Post-Reform Update
Authors: Ahn SangNam , Hussein Mustafa , Mahmood Asos , Smith Matthew Lee
Published: June 2019

Background

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was enacted to enhance access to care primarily among nonelderly and low-income populations; however, several provisions addressed key determinants of emergency department (ED) and inpatient visits among Medicare beneficiaries over age 65 years. We take stock of the overall changes in these visits among older Medicare beneficiaries, focusing on those with multiple chronic conditions (MCCs), and provide a nationally representative post-reform update.

Methods

We analyzed a sample of 32,919 older adults (65+) on Medicare from the 2006-2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). Using survey-weighted logistic regression, we examined changes in ED visits, inpatient visits, and length of stay (LOS) by MCC status, before (2006-2010), during (2011-2013), and after the ACA (2014-2015).

Results

Prior to the ACA, 18.1% of Medicare older adults had ≥1 ED visit, whereas 17.1% had ≥1 inpatient visits, with an average of 5.1 nights/visit. Following ACA reforms, among those with 2+ chronic conditions, the rate of ever having an ED visit increased by 4.3 percentage points [95% confidence intervals [CI]: 2.5, 6.1, p < 0.01], whereas the rate of inpatient visits decreased by 1.4 percentage points [95%CI: -2.9, 0.2, p < 0.1], after multivariable adjustment.

Conclusions

We found sizable increases in ED visits and nontrivial decreases in inpatient visits among older Medicare beneficiaries with MCCs, underscoring the continuing need for improving access to and quality of care among older adults with MCCs to decrease reliance on the ED and reduce preventable hospitalizations.