bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-frequency observation during sand and dust storms at the Qingtu Lake Observatory
Authors: Li Xuebo , Huang Yongxiang , Wang Guohua , Zheng Xiaojing
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Partially due to global climate change, sand and dust storms (SDSs)
have occurred more and more frequently, yet a detailed measurement of SDS events
at different heights is still lacking. Here we provide a high-frequency
observation from the Qingtu Lake Observation Array (QLOA), China. The wind and
dust information were measured simultaneously at different wall-normal heights
during the SDS process. The datasets span the period from 17 March to 9 June
2016. The wind speed and direction are recorded by a sonic anemometer with a
sampling frequency of 50 Hz, while particulate matter with a diameter of 10 µm or less (PM10) is sampled simultaneously by a dust monitor with a sampling
frequency of 1 Hz. The wall-normal array had 11 sonic anemometers and monitors
spaced logarithmically from z=0.9 to 30 m, where the spacing is
about 2 m between the sonic anemometer and dust monitor at the same
height. Based on its nonstationary feature, an SDS event can be divided
into three stages, i.e., ascending, stabilizing and descending stages, in
which the dynamic mechanism of the wind and dust fields might be different.
This is preliminarily characterized by the classical Fourier power analysis.
Temporal evolution of the scaling exponent from Fourier power analysis
suggests a value slightly below the classical Kolmogorov value of -5/3 for the
three-dimensional homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. During the stabilizing
stage, the collected PM10 shows a very intermittent pattern, which
can be further linked with the burst events in the turbulent atmospheric
boundary layer. This dataset is valuable for a better understanding of
SDS dynamics and is publicly available in a Zenodo repository at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5034196 (Li et al., 2021a).
Chlorophyll-a growth rates and related environmental variables in global temperate and cold-temperate lakes
Authors: Adams Hannah , Ye Jane , Persaud Bhaleka , Slowinski Stephanie , Kheyrollah Pour Homa , Van Cappellen Philippe
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Lakes are key ecosystems within the global biogeosphere. However, the bottom-up controls on the biological productivity of lakes, including surface temperature, ice phenology, nutrient loads and mixing regime, are increasingly altered by climate warming and land-use changes. To better understand the environmental drivers of lake productivity, we assembled a dataset on chlorophyll-a concentrations, as well as associated water quality parameters and surface solar irradiance, for temperate and cold-temperate lakes experiencing seasonal ice cover. We developed a method to identify periods of rapid algal growth from in situ chlorophyll-a time series data and applied it to measurements performed between 1964 and 2019 across 357 lakes, predominantly located north of 40°. Long-term trends show that the algal growth windows have been occurring earlier in the year, thus potentially extending the growing season and increasing the annual productivity of northern lakes. The dataset is also used to analyze the relationship between chlorophyll-a growth rates and solar irradiance. Lakes of higher trophic status exhibit a higher sensitivity to solar radiation, especially at moderate irradiance values during spring. The lower sensitivity of chlorophyll-a growth rates to solar irradiance in oligotrophic lakes likely reflects the dominant role of nutrient limitation. Chlorophyll-a growth rates are significantly influenced by light availability in spring but not in summer and fall, consistent with a switch to top-down control of summer and fall algal communities. The growth window dataset can be used to analyze trends in lake productivity across the northern hemisphere or at smaller, regional scales. We present some general trends in the data and encourage other researchers to use the open dataset for their own research questions.
Reflection imaging of complex geology in crystalline environment using virtual-source seismology: case study from the Kylylahti polymetallic mine, Finland
Authors: Chamarczuk Michal , Malinowski Michal , Draganov Deyan , Koivisto Emilia , Heinonen Suvi , Rötsä Sanna
Published: December 2021

Abstract. For the first time, we apply a full-scale 3D seismic virtual-source survey (VSS) for the purpose of near-mine mineral exploration. The data was acquired directly above the Kylylahti underground mine in Finland. Recorded ambient noise (AN) data is characterized using power-spectral density (PSD) and beamforming. Data has most energy at frequencies 25–90 Hz and arrivals with velocities higher than 4 km/s have wide range of azimuths. Based on the PSD and beamforming results, we created 10-days subset of AN recordings that were dominated by multi-azimuth high-velocity arrivals. We use illumination-diagnosis technique and location procedure to show that the AN recordings associated with high apparent velocities are related to body-wave events. Next, we produce 994 virtual-source gathers by applying seismic-interferometry processing by cross-correlating AN at all receivers resulting in full 3D VSS. We apply standard 3D time-domain reflection seismic data processing and imaging using both a selectively stacked subset and full passive data, and validate the results against a pre-existing detailed geological information and 3D active-source survey data processed in the same way as the passive data. The resulting post-stack migrated sections show agreement of reflections between the passive and active data and indicate that VSS provide images where the active-source data are not available due to terrain restrictions. We conclude that while the all-noise approach provides some higher quality reflections related to the inner geological contacts within the target formation and the general dipping trend of the formation, the selected subset is most efficient in resolving the base of formation.
Polyester Microplastic Fibers affect Soil Physical Properties and Erosion as a Function of Soil Type
Authors: Ingraffia Rosolino , Amato Gaetano , Bagarello Vincenzo , Carollo Francesco G. , Giambalvo Dario , Iovino Massimo , Lehmann Anika , Rillig Matthias C. , Frenda Alfonso S.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Microplastic is recognized as a factor of global change affecting many environmental compartments. Agricultural soils are likely hotspots of microplastic contamination in terrestrial ecosystems and are of particular concern due to their role in food production. Microplastic has already been shown to be able to affect soil properties, but its effect on different soil types is poorly understood. Moreover, no information is available on how the presence of this pollutant can affect soil water erosion processes, which are extremely important issues in many environments. In the light of this, we performed two experiments (a microcosm and a mesocosm study) to investigate how the presence of polyester microplastic fibers affects soil physical and hydrological parameters and processes such as aggregate formation and soil erosion in three different agricultural soil types. Our data show that the effects of polyester microplastic on soil physical parameters (including soil aggregation and erosion) are strongly dependent on soil type. We found that microplastic contamination can decrease the formation of new aggregates but at the same time increase their stability in water, with effects on soil erosion stronger as the intrinsic erodibility of soil increases. Overall, our results highlight the importance of broadly exploring soil properties such as texture, mineralogy, and organic carbon content to better understand how the various soil types respond to microplastic contamination.
Mapping Yeşilçam: A relational approach to the Turkish film industry
Authors: Savk Serkan , Dogu Burak
Published: December 2021

Turkey’s Yeşilçam film industry produced more than 5500 films during its lifetime of 40 years. The industry had a unique narrative approach shaped around its economic model, Turkey’s ambivalent connection with modernization and the country’s domestic culture. Yet, particular characteristic qualities of the industry remained rather limited up until the last decade, in which vast databases were built up as a consequence of the digital turn. In this study, we develop a relational approach and conduct network analysis to the Yeşilçam with the aim to better understand the patterns of its constitution. Our findings suggest that Yeşilçam was not a homogenous industry as often considered by the film scholarship, rather divided into two main clusters in which professional, narrative and financial dynamics were significantly different.
Beyond the Gates: Teaching Race and Politics in Brazil in a Prison Education Program
Authors: Harrington Jaira
Published: December 2021

The project of liberatory education is fraught with complications in a Small Liberal Arts College or SLAC environment. Authors bell hooks and Paulo Freire look to an ethics of care, love, and mutual restoration of humanity through teaching openly and freely. My initial teaching experiences as an assistant professor revealed that this liberatory aim could not be fulfilled at the college campus, so I taught in a prison college education program. The goals of this article are: 1) to elucidate the complicated relationship that a woman faculty of color at the intersections of multiple identities has in adjusting to the SLAC environment; 2) to expound upon my weekly exit from campus and entry into prison education as a vehicle to advance institutional goals for outreach and social justice; 3) to interrogate prison education epistemologies and describe the counternarratives and practical strategies developed in a course on Race and Politics in Brazil to decolonize the curriculum; and 4) to express the realities of teaching a Black-centered, intersectional course in an all-male maximum security prison setting. It was through this practical prison teaching experience that I stretched the limits of my practice of education and found a temporary home in which to do so.
Interpreting traumatic narratives of unaccompanied child migrants in the United States: Effects, challenges and strategies
Authors: Sultanic Indira
Published: December 2021

This research examines the challenges of interpreting for unaccompanied child migrants in the United States and the effect of exposure to the traumatic narratives told by these children, as experienced by the interpreters involved. When a traumatic narrative is introduced, over time it has an effect on the emotional and psychological well-being of an interpreter. This study therefore focuses on the coping mechanisms interpreters employ to minimize the effects of long-term exposure to the traumatic content when they work in settings involving migrant children. During the past few decades, a number of studies have been conducted on the emotional and psychological effects of traumatic content on interpreters who work in various contexts, but very few have focused on interactions involving this vulnerable group of migrants. This study uses a qualitative approach in which data were collected through semi-structured interviews with both trained and ad hoc interpreters who work or have worked with unaccompanied children seeking asylum in the United States since the summer of 2014. The study contributes to the growing body of literature on public service interpreting. It does so by offering the interpreter’s perspective on the specific challenges and difficulties of interpreting for unaccompanied child migrants in that country who face near-insurmountable systemic barriers and challenges. It sheds light on the delicate nature of interpreting for vulnerable groups, especially children, who are seeking asylum there. Furthermore, it brings into focus the applicable strategies that help interpreters prepare for interpreting traumatic experiences, and also for coping both during the act of interpreting and afterwards.
Contextual diversity in telephone interpreting: Voices from healthcare interpreters in Scotland
Authors: Angelelli Claudia V. , Ross Jonathan Maurice
Published: December 2021

This study conducted in Scotland focuses on the contextual factors that shape healthcare interpreters’ performance when they interpret over the telephone. It draws on the findings of two focus groups (n = 5 and 7) conducted in a Scottish urban area in 2017 among healthcare interpreters with experience in telephone interpreting (TI). The participants shared their experiences in TI as they related to issues that include (1) the impact of different equipment used by interpreters and clients respectively and (2) the interpreting strategies and techniques deployed in TI. Another issue that emerged from the focus groups was work–life balance. Judging by their contributions, healthcare interpreters are influenced by a multitude of factors when they interpret over the telephone, some of which have been accorded sufficient significance in the literature. Among the less-discussed factors are the specific kind of equipment used by healthcare providers and the policy of the interpreter’s employer regarding the use of mobile phones. The participants’ input suggests that they respond to the challenges of TI linked to the use of certain technologies with assertiveness and creativity, although they may not be fully aware of the consequences of some of their behaviours. This article highlights the value of focus groups in exploring diversity in a situated practice.
Enfermedad y mortalidad infantil en el Orfanatorio del Estado de Puebla, 1894-1951
Authors: Herrera Feria María de Lourdes , Santiago Antonio Zoila
Published: December 2021

En este artículo proponemos abordar la enfermedad y la mortalidad infantil dentro de las instituciones asistenciales en el Estado de Puebla, durante la primera mitad del siglo XX. A partir del análisis crítico de fuentes primarias se describen las características de los pequeños asilados, las azarosas formas de su ingreso, sus condiciones de salud y las enfermedades que causaron su defunción. Nuestro objetivo central es revisar la marcha de esas instituciones para contribuir a la historia de la infancia en las regiones de México.
Dos "likes" à luta: Participação cívica de crianças nas redes sociais na promoção de direitos
Authors: Orrico Serrão Bianca , Sarmento Manuel Jacinto , Prates Santana Juliana
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho tem por objetivo refletir sobre a atuação digital de sete crianças brasileiras (cinco meninas e dois meninos) que produzem conteúdos para a Internet, ligados à educação e à promoção e defesa de direitos. Para o alcance dos objetivos, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas que versavam sobre as trajetórias dessas crianças, o seu envolvimento com as diversas pautas de luta, assim como as estratégias utilizadas para lidar com o status de influenciadores digitais. Somado a isso, foi realizada uma etnografia digital, com o intuito de acompanhar o conteúdo produzido pelas crianças e a interação com os seguidores através das plataformas digitais (Instagram, Twitter e Tiktok) por um período de 24 meses. Para fundamentar a presente investigação, foi utilizado como marco teórico estudos na área da Sociologia da Infância e investigações que abordam temáticas sobre a cibercultura. Os resultados permitem compreender que a presença das crianças na Internet não se limita ao consumo e reprodução de conteúdos supostamente exclusivos do universo infantil. De fato, as crianças atuam, e em muitos momentos se percebem, enquanto sujeitos políticos, que almejam a transformação social. As crianças pautam temas como a importância da representatividade, a necessidade de uma educação antirracista, o empoderamento feminino, assim como se posicionam contra todas as formas de discriminação e exclusão. Nesse sentido, a Internet, enquanto espaço público, possibilita a participação e o envolvimento das crianças em temas relevantes e atuais, permitindo ainda o reconhecimento das mesmas como sujeitos políticos.
Infâncias em tempos de guerra moral e espiritual no Brasil: culturas (i) materiais e subjetivação política (des)democrática
Authors: De Matos Lins Heloísa Andreia
Published: December 2021

O artigo apresenta um breve mapeamento cartográfico, de concepção deuleuzo-guattariana, que busca - do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico - colocar em relevo as principais linhas de força/ tendências da cultura material e simbólica (re) produzida e que circula em direção às crianças e jovens - vinculadas à política oficial de Estado brasileira e à chamada “guerra cultural/ espiritual” - bem como os possíveis agenciamentos dessa (i) materialidade no imaginário e afetos das infâncias e juventudes, considerando o exercício da alteridade que as práticas democráticas pressupõem, desde o começo da vida. A manipulação pela linguagem, através do apelo moral/ espiritual e beligerante tem se avolumado no país, a começar pela atual cúpula governamental bolsonarista. Nesse trajeto analítico, busca-se dar ênfase ao papel da (i) materialidade nos Estudos da infância também em tempos de aberração cultural. Do mesmo modo, a partir de uma concepção pós-trans-humanista, a cartografia busca colocar em perspectiva a ideia de emaranhados e de agências expandidas (entre “coisas” humanas e não humanas) que, em muitos casos, tornam-se insuspeitas aos adultos (ou menos perceptíveis), como em relação ao processo de rápido crescimento da socialização e da subjetivação política violenta e odiosa de crianças e jovens, no país e no mundo.
Por uma epistemologia sobre a cidade em companhia das crianças
Authors: Carvalho de Araújo Vania
Published: December 2021

Este artigo propõe dialogar com alguns resultados de um estudo etnográfico que teve como unidade de análise os trajetos das crianças casa-escola-casa em um bairro popular de Vitória/ES. Por meio de observações, redes de conversações, desenhos, caminhadas pelas ruas e recursos geotecnológicos variados, apreende-se uma realidade produzida pelas crianças, forjada no interior das experiências que fazem com e na cidade e nas ruas onde moram ou transitam. Destaca-se o quanto as crianças conhecem, experenciam, estranham e desafiam uma cidade pouco desvelada na e pela escola. Ao mesmo tempo em que são vítimas de suas contradições e perversidades, aprendem, nas urdiduras da vida cotidiana, a estabelecer outros vínculos possíveis e a fazer sobressair formas de sobreviver e apreender os acontecimentos. Os bloqueios e as possibilidades de viver a infância em situações diárias tão complexas e desafiadoras; a transitoriedade de fronteiras antes percebidas e enrijecidas; o enfrentamento das tramas costumeiras da violência e das pelejas da vida; o modo como redefinem formas de habitar em um urbano atravessado por circuitos perversos da desigualdade e de injustiça; o modo como formulam expectativas, opiniões e ressignificam o lugar ondem moram e estudam parecem indicar a necessidade de uma epistemologia sobre a cidade em companhia das crianças.
Desigualdad socioeconómica y acceso diferencial a las tecnologías digitales de niñas y niños en la Argentina
Authors: Minujín Alberto , Paz Jorge
Published: December 2021

La desigualdad socioeconómica en Argentina entre los niños y las familias, como en la mayoría de los países, es un hecho estructural que se ha medido desde que se dispone de datos adecuados para hacerlo. Esta desigualdad se expresa tanto en la pobreza monetaria, que en Argentina supera actualmente al 60% de la población menor de 18 años, como en las privaciones no monetarias que afectan a más de la mitad de las niñas y niños del país. La pandemia y las medidas de confinamiento impuestas por el gobierno nacional incluyeron el cierre de escuelas, al igual que otros países, lo que reforzó la dependencia de la conectividad para dar continuidad al proceso educativo. Dado que el acceso a la conectividad y su uso efectivo están fuertemente relacionados con el grupo socioeconómico al que pertenecen niñas, niños y adolescentes, era de esperar que las medidas de confinamiento afectarían más a los económicamente desfavorecidos. Los datos disponibles muestran que esto, de hecho, es lo que ocurrió. Sin embargo, también mostró un aumento generalizado en el acceso y uso de la tecnología digital que fue aún más intenso en los grupos sociales con menores ingresos y mayores privaciones de derechos. Este artículo tiene como objetivo documentar y analizar este proceso con datos longitudinales que abarcan el período 2016-2020, con especial énfasis en los últimos años.
Monografía sobre las permutaciones cíclicas a periodo preestablecido
Authors: Cremona César
Published: December 2021

En muchas aplicaciones de la técnica de las medidas, en los instrumentos o aparatos registradores, contadores, de control, selectores, etc., ya sea a escala circular o rectilínea, ocurre con frecuencia la necesidad de tener que adoptar correspondencias diversas especiales entre dos sucesiones finitas numerales "n" y "p", ligadas mediante vínculos singulares.

La solución de tales problemas, particulares del cálculo combinatorio, no se halla en los tratados de matemáticas y se presenta generalmente como laboriosa y compleja.

En esta nota se desea exponer una solución, para un caso frecuente, la cual por su sencillez y originalidad, puede ser de una comodidad tal para el investigador como para hacerle preferir un dispositivo mecánico a otro por la facilidad de las medidas o del control, especialmente si el aparato ha de ser registrador.

El matemático, en cambio, hallará en este artículo una expresión simple más, de una aplicación del cálculo combinatorio.
Bahía Blanca y su zona de influencia
Authors: Palacios Hardy Gerardo
Published: December 2021

Bahía Blanca y su zona de influencia
¿Es anticuado el concepto de crisis económica?
Authors: Cordebas C.
Published: December 2021

¿Es anticuado el concepto de crisis económica?
Adelantos en los métodos de planificación
Authors: Buquet L.
Published: December 2021

Adelantos en los métodos de planificación
impuesto a la renta normal potencial elevará la productividad agraria argentina?
Authors: Carlos José A.
Published: December 2021

¿El impuesto a la renta normal potencial elevará la productividad agraria argentina?
Pautas para evaluar el desempeño de una unión aduanera, con especial referencia al comercio intraindustrial. El caso del Mercosur
Authors: López Fabiana Inés
Published: December 2021

Pautas para evaluar el desempeño de una unión aduanera, con especial referencia al comercio intraindustrial. El caso del Mercosur
Influencia del pensamiento keynesiano en la política económica peronista (1946-1955)
Authors: Vercesi Alberto
Published: December 2021

Influencia del pensamiento keynesiano en la política económica peronista (1946-1955)
Formación de redes dirigidas circulares con costos de enlace compartidos
Authors: Larrosa Juan Manuel , Tohmé Fernando
Published: December 2021

Formación de redes dirigidas circulares con costos de enlace compartidos
Los valores y la ética en la ciencia económica
Authors: Montuschi Luisa
Published: December 2021

A pesar de sus orígenes como parte de la filosofía moral hubo y hay una difícil relación entre la ciencia económica y la ética. La corriente predominante del pensamiento económico, inspirada sobre todo por la obra de Milton Friedman, sostiene que debe existir una economía positiva libre de juicios de valor. Pero otros prestigiosos economistas presentan un punto de vista opuesto al sostener la necesidad de una más fructífera relación entre ambas disciplinas. Las cuestiones morales se presentan con frecuencia en el análisis económico y no parece razonable la pretensión de presentar a la ciencia económica como neutral en cuestiones valorativas. Además, cabe preguntarse si la economía de mercado necesita de un comportamiento ético para ser sostenible. El concepto de racionalidad pertinente para la disciplina no puede ser el llamado modelo clásico de racionalidad y debería adoptarse un concepto más integrador que vincule fines y medios.
Choosing the extent of private partipation in public services: a computable general equilibrium perspective
Authors: Chisari Omar , Lombardi Germán , Romero Carlos A.
Published: December 2021

¿Qué determina la propensión a reducir o extender la propiedad pública? ¿Por qué esa propensión fue mayor en los años noventa? Las respuestas a estas preguntas dependen tanto de consideraciones macroeconómicas como microeconómicas. Respuestas correctas podrían ayudar también a evitar o prevenir reversiones ineficientes y frustraciones que pongan en peligro los procesos de reforma. Una perspectiva alternativa, que combina argumentos micro y macro, viene dada por los modelos de equilibrio general. El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar la racionalidad de la decisión de elegir de manera endógena entre las tecnologías de empresas de servicios públicos privadas y de propiedad estatal, en una economía en la que el presupuesto fiscal y el balance comercial deben estar en equilibrio. Las simulaciones confirman que la elección de la tecnología a ser usada en servicios de infraestructura depende de algunos parámetros profundos de eficiencia y costo. El modelo muestra que hay escenarios plausibles en los que la selección no es excluyente y que ambas tecnologías pueden coexistir.
Gobernanza para el desarrollo económico local: el caso COPRODESU
Authors: Diez José Ignacio
Published: December 2021

En las últimas décadas, se ha producido en el seno de la economía urbana y regional un creciente interés por el rol que tienen las instituciones y la acción colectiva en el desarrollo económico. Esta nueva perspectiva ha venido de la mano de la noción de governance o gobernanza. El presente trabajo analiza un caso específico de governance territorial, el Consejo para la Producción y Desarrollo de Coronel Suárez (COPRODESU) en Argentina. A lo largo de la investigación se describe su proceso de gestación, las políticas implementadas por la entidad y se identifican sus principales fortalezas y debilidades. Finalmente, se brinda un panorama general respecto a su futuro como agente promotor del desarrollo económico.
Sincronicidad de ciclos económicos en América Latina: motivacion para su estudio y sumario de Metodologías aplicadas
Authors: Alonso Vásquez Bedoya Fredy , González Germán Héctor , Martínez Roldán Luis Esteban
Published: December 2021

Sincronicidad de ciclos económicos en América Latina: motivacion para su estudio y sumario de Metodologías aplicadas
Desempeño exportador de carne bovina en La Pampa (Argentina): 2003-2019
Authors: Ferro Moreno Santiago , Paturlanne Jorge Luis , Mariano Roberto , Pérez Santiago Agustín
Published: December 2021

El complejo agroindustrial de carne bovina es el principal oferente de proteínas de origen animal en el mercado argentino y uno de los principales exportadores. En la provincia de La Pampa, el complejo tiene un peso relativo importante en la producción, transformación, consumo y exportación. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar y jerarquizar los principales factores que impactaron en el desempeño exportador de carne bovina en la provincia de La Pampa entre 2003-2019. Se analizó el volumen exportado de carne y derivados como variable dependiente. Para su explicación, se pusieron en análisis 10 variables relacionadas al stock, la faena, el consumo, precios internos y externos, tipo de cambio y poder adquisitivo del mercado interno.
Assessment of the factors affecting slope stability in the southern part of the Sofia Kettle
Authors: Krastanov Miroslav , Berov Boyko
Published: December 2021

A specific sample area was selected, where an assessment model was made for the stability of a slope subjected to anthropogenic impacts. A hillside slope zone from the foot of the Vitosha and Lozen mountains in the southern periphery of the Sofia Kettle was chosen as an exemplary area for a part of the hazards arising in the Trans-Balkan valleys. The anthropogenic impact on their slope stability was studied on three particular slopes. The study area is about 1.25 km2 and has a maximum distance of up to 3.80 km between the slopes. Landslide processes resulting from anthropogenic impact often occur on the territory of the Sofia Valley. The rise of construction, the development of hard-to-reach terrains with steep slopes, their undercutting, the seismic impact and the low values of the strength-deformation parameters of the geological varieties building up the respective terrains contribute to their occurrence. The deforestation, the loads with heavy embankments, the hydration and the inhomogeneity of the layers of the earth base have a strong destabilizing effect. The paper presents the results of field and laboratory tests and analyses of slope stability by the method of Fellenius. The severity of the impact of the various destabilizing factors was assessed.
Service Quality and Passengers’ Loyalty of Public Transportation Companies
Authors: E. Aniebiet , A.A. Joseph , E.J. Edim , M. Rosemary
Published: December 2021

This study examined service quality and passengers’ loyalty of public transportation companies. It was carried out to determine the effects of passengers’ safety, passengers’ comfort, drivers’ competence, travel time and vehicle cleanliness on passengers’ loyalty of public transportation companies. The study adopted cross-sectional survey research design. Primary data were obtained from 228 passengers of public road transportation companies using an adapted structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics while multiple linear regression was adopted to test the hypotheses of the study with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 23) software. The findings of the study revealed that passengers’ safety, passengers’ comfort, drivers’ competence and vehicle cleanliness had significant positive effects on passengers’ loyalty of public transportation companies, while travel time had a non-significant effect on passengers’ loyalty in this regard. Therefore, the study concluded that, to a large extent, service quality has a significant positive influence on passengers’ loyalty of public transportation companies. Practical implications and suggestions for further studies were made consequently.
GAMBARAN STATUS GIZI TERHADAP KEJADIAN TB PARU DI RUMAH SAKIT IMELDA MEDAN TAHUN 2018
Authors: Siregar Sarmaida , Sari Tampubolon Vita
Published: December 2021

Tuberkulosis adalah penyakit menular langsung yang disebabkan oleh kuman TBC (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi terjangkitnya penyakit tuberkulosis paru adalah status gizi. Status gizi yang yang buruk akan meningkatkan risiko  penyakit tuberkulosis paru. Sebaliknya, tuberkulosis paru berkontribusi menyebabkan status gizi buruk karena proses perjalanan penyakit yang mempengaruhi daya tahan tubuh. Hal ini yang menjadi salah satu alasan utama peneliti untuk mengetahui gambaran status gizi terhadap kejadian TB Paru di Rumah Sakit Umum Imelda Pekerja Indonesia Medan .

Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif yang dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Imelda dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran Status Gizi terjadap kejadian TBParu di Rumah Sakit Imelda Medan. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik non probability sampling jenis purposive sampling yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 45 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan status 5gizi pada pnderita TB  Paru dengan kriteria kurang tingkat berat sebanyak 17 responden (37,78%), dengan kriteria kurang tingkat ringan sebanyak 9 responden (20%), dengan kriteria normal sebanyak 19 responden (42,22%), sedangkan tidak ditemukan responden dengan kriteria lebih tingkat ringan.

Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan kepada perawat di Rumah sakit Imelda Medan  untuk melakukan upaya penyuluhan atau pemberian informasi mengenai cara pencegahan, penularan, tanda, gejala tuberkulosis paru, dan hal-hal yang dapat menghambat penyembuhannya seperti merokok baik kepada penderita maupun kepada orang-orang yang berada di sekitar penderita sehingga penularannya dapat dicegah.
About some problems of applied medical geology
Authors: Volfson I. , Farrahov G.
Published: December 2021

Comparative study of results of the recent environmental research performed in the areas of tectonic and volcano activity as well as territories of mining and metallurgy enterprises was carried out. The obtained results demonstrate that humans living chronically exposed to volcanic emissions show high concentrations of essential and non-essential trace metals such as zinc, lead, cadmium, copper in scalp hair, and is suggested that this type of exposure may be as harmful as living close to industrial facilities.

The significance is highlighted of initiatives and activities in medical geology for projects desining of territories of mineral-raw centers of economic developing.
History of Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation prior to 1972. Part one. Special Article
Authors: Sanderson Ronald
Published: December 2021

Medical history is often overlooked as advances keep moving forward. Seldom is it that advances in medicine are truly new, unique ideas, but rather built on ideas that have been considered before. Even our latest developments will become history or forgotten as science and medicine advance. This history of intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) is a two-part article in which the first part attempts to show that the concepts and apparatus that involve the now common mode of ventilation have been considered and described for nearly 200 years, if not earlier. This older history is not brought forward to diminish what has been done in the last 50 years, but to enhance awareness of how ideas and even mechanical ventilators change over time. The second part will describe how those ideas and mechanics changed into what we now call IMV in its many forms. Keywords: Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation, IMV, History of mechanical ventilation
Is remote working here to stay? Lessons and ideas for a post-pandemic future
Authors: Cetrulo Armanda
Published: December 2021

The article studies the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the labor market for what concerns the diffusion of remote working in Italy. First, it shows how working remotely represents a possibility for a minority of the workforce. Then, it discusses the presence of structural socioeconomic gaps between those who can and cannot work remotely in terms of income, unemployment, and health security at work. Finally, it addresses the issue of poor regulation on remote working by offering an overview of the national regulatory framework and describing recent trends in collective bargaining.
The Interactional Functions of the Korean First-Person Pronouns in Reported Thought
Authors: Ha Kyoungmi
Published: December 2021

Analyzing naturally occurring conversations, this research explores the interactional functions of the shift between two forms of the first-person singular pronouns na “I” and ce “I” in Korean conversation. This research extends the traditional explanations of the use of the Korean first-person pronouns in that na, “I,” is not only used when an addressee's status is equal to or lower than that of the speaker (Nam & Ko, 1993; Sohn, 1999), but also when there is no addressee during certain social action such as in reported thought. This article contributes to the body of research on reported thought by adding the shift of first-person pronouns as one of the initial linguistic cues indicating the shift of current talk to reported thought in Korean conversation.
Dyslexia: the relationship between the learning disorder and increased creativity
Authors: Jabour Letícia Giancoli , Martins Luiza Cunha , Silva Caroline Oliveira , Costa Isabella Boa Sorte , Macedo Deivson Mendes , Almeida Ana Laura Maciel
Published: December 2021

Background: The relationship between dyslexia and increased creativity scores has been studied since 1981, when possible causes were given: compensation as alternative mechanism to the area of disability or the deficit working as an organising element of the subject’s interest through higher focus. However, literature shows a lack of clarity thereof. Objective: To review recent studies relating dyslexia and increased creative potential. Methods: Descriptors “Dyslexia” and “Creativity” were searched on PubMed and VHL. Clinical trials and cohorts were filtered, totaling 33 articles; 20 were excluded for evading the topic and 7 for not meeting the research purposes. Parameters that measure creativity were analyzed. Results: Studies point to higher creativity scores in dyslexics, compared to non-dyslexics. Aspects of creativity such as fluency, flexibility, originality and elaboration were superior in dyslexics. Greater detail was found in design tasks performed by dyslexic children. A recent study found children with dyslexia performed better and quicker in the production of original figures. It is believed that artistic talents seen in many dyslexic subjects result from the delay in the development of language in the dominant hemisphere, originating an ‘inhibition’ in the parietal lobe on the opposite side to develop creative productions and artistic talents. Conclusion: That there is scientific substrate to suggest better creative performance of dyslexic people, compared to non-dyslexics. It also provides bases for the social and educational inclusion of people with learning disorders. This should happen not through the imposition of traditional, established certainties, but through working with these subjects’ potentialities.
Predictive factors for brain collateral circulation analysis in ischemic stroke
Authors: Albuquerque Tamara Melissa Zavadzki , Lee Annelise Akemi Higa , Oliveira João Paulo Santiago de , Marcusso Rosa Maria Nascimento , Pacheco Felipe Torres , Gagliardi Vivian Baptista Dias , Gagliardi Rubens José
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Cerebral collateral circulation has become increasingly important in recent years. It is a physiological vascular protection circuit, designed to preserve cerebral irrigation in a failure context of the primary pathways. Methods: This retrospective, descriptive and analytical study aims to analyze the predictive factors for the collateral circulation presence in patients with acute ischemic stroke, seen in the emergency room of the Santa Casa de Misericórdia Hospital in São Paulo, with large vessels occlusion on angiotomography. Results: 21 patients were analysed between january 2018 and april 2020, 10 men and 11 women, with a median age of 71 years. The median NIHSS score was 16 and intravenous thrombolysis was performed in 71.4% of the patients. We identified the presence of hyperglycemia, cervical obstruction and female gender as factors independently associated with an unsatisfactory leptomeningeal collateral state. Systemic arterial hypertension, smoking, alcoholism and a history of stroke had no association with poor collateral status, as well as the previous use of sinvastatin does not improve the combined score. Conclusion: Knowing the risk factors and comorbidities associated with the rarefaction of cerebral collateral circulation is of great importance in assessing the ischemic stroke acute phase, contributing to improvement in treatment and primary and secondary prevention.
Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Cognition and Activities of Daily Living in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Oliveira Vívian Maria Gomes de , Nogueira Cíntia Gonçalves , Paticcié Gabriela Ferreira , Silva Leonardo Oliveira , Oliveira Igor Jacomedes de , Pires Leopoldo Antônio , Vasconcelos Luiz Paulo Bastos , Almeida Ana Laura Maciel
Published: December 2021

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) represents one of the main causes of cognitive and functional decline in the world. Concomitant with pharmacological treatment, the practice of aerobic exercises (AE) can help in the symptomatic control of the disease. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of AE on activities of daily living and cognition in patients with AD. Methods: A systematic review was undertaken. EMBASE, Pubmed and BVS databases were searched using the terms “Alzheimer disease”, “Alzheimer syndrome” and “Alzheimer dementia”; “aerobic” and “exercise”. The inclusion criteria were: randomized controlled trials from 2016 to 2021, English language studies and human studies. Among 854 studies found, six were included in the review. Results: The potential benefits of AE training in AD patients are: improvement of functioning, quality of life and cognitive performance; better control of neuropsychiatric symptoms and possible reduction of systemic inflammation. Conclusions: AEs are associated with cognitive and functional performance gain in AD, probably related to synaptic plasticity optimization and improvement of the feeling of well-being. Although AEs may improve cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms, the response to treatment is individual. Future longitudinal studies with larger cohorts and functional neuroimaging studies are required for a better understanding of the real benefit of AE in AD.
Comparison of the mortality rate due to neurological diseases in Brazil: an epidemiological study from the last 5 years
Authors: Aguiar Diego Paixão Côrtes , Aquino Daniela Witz , Vinholes Elisa Kalil
Published: December 2021

Background: In Brazil, about 9 thousand people die annually from nervous system (NS) diseases and its complications. Additionally, the neuropathology mortality rate (MR) is in eighth place, when considering the 21 chapters of the International Classification of Diseases. Objectives: To analyze the MRs of neurological disorders in the 5 regions of Brazil and to identify where professional training or increased investment may be necessary. Methods: Epidemiological study, whose statistics were taken from the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS). Results: The following MRs due to diseases of the NS were found for each region, in decreasing order: North (6.21%); Southeast (4.98%); Northeast (4.77%); South (3.96%); Midwest (3.93%). Also, the national average is expressed by a rate of 4.68%. It was also possible to observe that states in the same region have similar MRs, with some exceptions. Furthermore, the states with the highest MRs are Amazonas (9.42%); Acre (8.94%) and Rio de Janeiro (7.58%). Also, it was possible to notice that the states with the highest mortality, were those that invested less in patients with neurological disorders. However, the monetary factor is not the only determining aspect, since in some places that have similar investments, it is possible to identify a high difference between the MRs. Conclusions: Therefore, Brazil presents differences between the MRs due to diseases of the NS according to each region. It is evident that investments are fundamental, since states that invest less are, for the most part, those with the highest MRs.
Spastic paraplegia type 73: expanding phenotype of the first two Brazilian families
Authors: Braga Vinícius Lopes , Pinto Wladimir Bocca Vieira de Rezende , Badia Bruno de Mattos Lombardi , Albuquerque Filho José Marcos Vieira de , Farias Igor Braga , Souza Paulo Victor Sgobbi de , Oliveira Acary Souza Bulle
Published: December 2021

Context: Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) represent an expanding group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized mainly by progressive spastic paraparesis of the lower limbs. More than 80 different genetic loci have been associated with HSPs. In 2015, heterozygous pathogenic variants in the CPT1C gene were first associated with SPG73, not yet described in Brazilian patients. Objective: We present clinical, neuroimaging and genetic features of three Brazilian patients with SPG73. Cases reports: We report one male and two female patients, age range 36 to 78 years old. Case 1 presented with a 4-year-history of spasticity, predominantly crural tetraplegia, bladder incontinence, dysphagia and dysphonia. Family history disclosed a sister with epilepsy. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) disclosed a heterozygosis variant c.863G>A (p.Arg288His) in exon 9 of the CPT1C. Cases 2 and 3 are first degree relatives (mother and son). Both presented with long-standing slowly progressive spastic paraplegia. Case 3 presented bladder incontinence, constipation, dysphagia and dysphonia at late stages. Cases 2 and 3 WES disclosed the heterozygosis variant c.196T>G (p.Phe66Val) in exon 4 of the CPT1C. Discussion: Previous literature described six patients from an Italian family with pure HSPs phenotype and the pathogenic variant c.109C>G (p.Arg3. 7Cys) in CPT1C gene. Another group described three patients associated with pure HSPs phenotype and the pathogenic variant (c.226C>T) in the CPT1C gene. All previous reported cases had benign clinical course and bulbar involvement was not described before. One of our cases presented with a de novo variant and rapidly progressive motor and bulbar compromise. Conclusion: our cases expand the current knowledge about SPG73, including a rapidly progressive phenotype with bulbar involvement and cognitive compromise at late stages of disease course.
Effect of foot reflexology on pain, discharge and weight distribution in feet in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus - pilot study
Authors: Freire Larissa Alves Moreira , Toledo Thais Gebin , Terra Andreia Maria Silva Vilela , Santos Adriana Teresa Silva
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Different therapeutic approaches aim to mitigate the consequences caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), among them the foot reflexology (FR), therapeutic and integrative method of easy application and low cost that uses pressure stimuli in reflex areas of the foot. Objective: the objective of the present study was to analyze the effect of FR on pain, discharge and weight distribution (DWD) in the foot in patients with DM2. Method: This is a controlled and randomized clinical trial. The study was carried out at the physiotherapy clinic of the UNIFAL.The sample consisted of 17 volunteers, of both sexes, with a clinical diagnosis of DM2. The volunteers were allocated into two groups: control group (n= 7), which received information about the care and health of the foot and intervention group (n = 10), which received the application of foot reflexology in specific areas of the foot, for ten consecutive days. For the evaluation and reevaluation, the following were used: visual analogue scale (VAS), baropodometry (DWD) on the foot. For statistical analysis we used the Shapiro-Wilk test, ANOVA with 1 factor for continuous variables and Chi-square for categorical variables. The Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon test for variable EVA ANOVA test repeated DWD measurement on the foot. Results: There was a significant improvement in pain symptoms (p=0.01), and in DDP in the feet, there was no significant improvement (p≤0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that the FR influenced the improvement of pain symptoms, but did not have any effect on the improvement in the DWD in the foot in patients with DM2.