bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Peer-Led and Parent-Led Education Interventions on Menstrual Hygiene-Related Knowledge of In-School Adolescent Girls in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: C.E. Ugochinyere , O.A. Catherine
Published: July 2021

The purposes of the study was to determine the effectiveness of peer-led and parent-led education on menstrual hygiene-related knowledge of in-school adolescent girls in Ogun state, Nigeria, which was conceptualized using the Health Belief Model. The study employed a quasi-experimental design with 120 in-school adolescent girls selected through a multistage sampling technique from four (4) secondary schools within Ogun East. A validated instrument was used for data collection. The findings showed that the adolescent girls' level of menstrual hygiene knowledge had a significant increase after the intervention. The peer-led group better predicted higher knowledge scores (mean diff = 7.13; effect size = 4.34; t = 19.091; p = 0.000). In conclusion, the peer-led education intervention was more effective in improving the level of adolescent girls' menstrual hygiene knowledge in Ogun State. It is recommended that peer educators be recruited for future interventions to change the reproductive health behaviors of adolescent girls nationally.
Potential uses of Lipopolysaccharide and Exopolysaccharide Isolated from Agrobacterium spp.
Authors: Tahir Sadia , Hasnain Shahida
Published: July 2021

A gram-negative bacterium, Agrobacterium, synthesizes lipopolysaccharide and exopolysaccharide, both indispensable in establishing complex interactions with plant hosts. These polysaccharides have biocontrol applications. This study intended to determine: 1) LPS potential as insecticide; 2) EPS production capacity. LPSs obtained from Agrobacterium isolates were tested for insecticidal activity against test insects, damaging stored grains. Agrobacterial LPS elicits insect mortalities comparable to Permethrin (standard insecticide). Typical strains (At2, At3 At5, At6) incited 80% mortality of tested insects. EPS yield was quantified at regular intervals under varying physical parameters. Maximum EPS yield of 12.25 g/L was recorded for strain At1. Antibacterial activity of all isolates (before and after UV light exposure) was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative reference strains. Agrobacteria exposed to UV light exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive reference strains. Therefore, agrobacterial LPS can be future candidate for biocontrol of insect pests in grain stocks. Moreover, agrobacteria can not only be prospective candidates for industrial scale EPS production but can also potentially help in treating infections by antibiotic resistant Gram-positive bacteria. Hence, same native isolates carry numerous benefits for the community.
Plasmid Profiling and Effect of Different Physiological Parameters on the Chromium Reduction Potential of Microbes
Authors: Mahzer Masooma , Gohar Mawra , Mazher Sumaira
Published: July 2021

Chromium is toxic for both human and aquatic life. It is recommended to eradicate from wastewaters or to alter its oxidation state to less toxic level The purpose of current research was to isolate heavy metal (Cr) resistant bacteria from different industrial effluents (soil and waste water), to determine their potential for chromium reduction (CRP) at different parameters (time period, pH, temperature and concentrations of chromium) and to determine the plasmid profiles of Cr (VI) resistant bacterial isolates. The growth of chromium resistant bacteria was determined by checking the influence of pH, concentration of chromium, time period and temperature on isolates using UV spectrophotometer, while chromium reduction potential was also investigated using Deleo and Ehrlich method. Plasmid profiling was performed and analyzed using agarose gel electrophoresis (0.8%) to determine the number, size and relationship of plasmid with heavy metal resistance. Results showed that the identified bacterial isolates (S. aureus and S. epidermidis) were resistant to heavy metal (Cr) confirmed by resistance profiling. The maximum growth of bacterial isolate was recorded after 24-hour incubation period (1.154), at pH 8 (1.512), temperature 37ºC (1.615) and 500 µg/mL chromium concentration (1.978), while suitable conditions observed for chromium reduction potential was 24-hour incubation period (57%), pH 7 (62.6%), temperature 30ºC (60%), and 500 µg/mL concentration of chromium (60%). The plasmid profiles revealed that plasmid were randomly distributed among the bacterial isolates with average plasmid number (2.9) ranging from 0-5 and molecular size (100-12000bps). Overall, no defined relationship was observed among resistance pattern and plasmid mediated profiles.
Colonization and Antibiotic Resistance Profiling of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) in Patients from Tertiary
Authors: Khan Madiha , Komal Wafa , Saleem Mushtaq A. , Ahmad Naveed , Rafaque Zara , Kabir Saba , Rehman Abdul
Published: July 2021

The methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is affecting the economy worldwide contributing to the increased morbidity and treatment costs. The present cross sectional study was conducted to determine the association of MRSA with kidney and liver patients from Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan and its antibacterialresistance patterns. The study was conducted for the period of one year; from April 2019 to April 2020. A total of 1984 different samples were obtained and examined for bacterial cultures using standard procedures. From total samples, 51.05% were collected from male and the rest 48.95% were collected from females including different age groups. Samples were inoculated on different culture media for isolation of S. aureus and susceptibility testing. A total of 253/1984 clinical samples exhibited S. aureus characteristics while 39 of 253 S. aureus (15.41%) were identified as MRSA. MRSA strains were found highly resistant to Amikacin (AK), Cefoxitin (FOX),Clindamycin (DA), Fusidic acid (FD), Gentamicin (CN) and Tobramycin (TOB) while highest sensitivity was noted against Vancomycin (100%) and Linezolid (100%). The presence of MRSA and multidrug resistance pose serious therapeutic burden to critically ill patients. A systematic and concerted effort is essential to identify high-risk patients rapidly and to reduce the burden of antimicrobial resistance.
Food-Borne Bacteria Associated with Contaminated Fishes: A Brief Review
Authors: Khan Nazia , Ullah Kaleem
Published: July 2021

Fish is considered a good source of protein and is consumed in many countries. Fish is a source of high protein giving approximately 16% of animal protein taken up by world’s population. Fish consist of high nutritional values like essential fatty acids, low saturated fat and omega-3 fatty acid which cannot be produced by human body. Majority of fish species resides in water, some burry themselves in mud and carry bacteria from into gut and skin. Microbiological contamination of fish is dependent on condition of water source. The normal flora of fish is constantly affected by bacterial contamination of water, contamination from wastewater and from sediments. The ingestion of contaminated fish and its products leads to foodborne infections, hence the occurrence of fish pathogens increase alarm about the product safety issue. These foodborne infections may arise from other sources like improper handling, storage, packaging and consumption of raw fish. Many people acquire infection by contact during handling of water, and by contact with other elements of fish living environment.
CRISPR/Cas9-based Antibody Production in Plants
Authors: Zahoor Bareera , Waheed Ummara , Saeed Shan , Gulzar Fatima , Tasleem Hira , Usman Muhammad , Khan Zulqurnain
Published: July 2021

Nowadays demand of antibody production is increased to cure different diseases including diabetes, hepatitis and cancer. For that different types of systems are used for the expression of antibody production. But these were not improved the antibody production. Plant cells have several benefits in comparison with other eukaryotic cells if it is considered as eukaryotic expression system. As compared to the human cell or other microorganisms, the plant cell is safe and decrease the contamination of antibody production. In addition, plants perform proper post-translational modification as a eukaryotic expression system. But recently, transient expression system is used due to the safe and improve the quality and quantity of antibody production. In transient expression system agroinfiltration method are mostly used. The main issue in antibody production is purification. Because in downstream process antibody is degraded due to the physical and chemical stresses. These issues can be solved with the help of CRISPR/Cas9. Plant antibody can be tagged with the help of CRISPR/Cas9. This review encompasses the applications of CRISPR technology for producing plant-based antibodies.
Sustav upravljanja kvalitetom u javnoj upravi Republike Hrvatske
Authors:   Hrvatsko društvo menadžera kvalitete (Croatian Quality Managers Society), Drljača Miroslav , Zambelli Sanja
Published: July 2021

Sažetak: Neučinkovitost javne uprave redovito se ističe kao jedan od najvažnijih razloga loše pozicije Republike Hrvatske na globalnoj ljestvici konkurentnosti. Često spominjana reforma u političkim programima reforma je javne uprave. Javna uprava obuhvaća tijela državne uprave, tijela jedinica lokalne i područne (regionalne) samouprave i pravne osobe koje imaju javne ovlasti (javnopravna tijela). Republika Hrvatska donijela je 2015. godine Strategiju razvoja javne uprave za razdoblje 2015. – 2020. godine, kao nastavak reforme javne uprave započete Strategijom reforme državne uprave za razdoblje 2008. – 2011. godine. Strategija ima jasno definiran cilj, utvrđuje poslovne procese javne uprave, govori o standardima kvalitete, donosi metodologiju oblikovanja i provedbe javnih politika, utvrđuje opće i posebne ciljeve. Glavni je cilj Strategije podizanje razine kvalitete javnih usluga radi osiguravanja višeg životnog standarda građana i stvaranje poticajnog poduzetničkog okruženja. Upravljanje kvalitetom u javnoj upravi obuhvaćeno je i dokumentom Nacionalni program reformi, koji je donijela Vlada Republike Hrvatske 2020. godine. U radu autori prezentiraju rezultate nastavka istraživanja sustava upravljanja kvalitetom u javnoj upravi u Republici Hrvatskoj, započeto 2016. godine. Abstract: The inefficiency of public administration is regularly highlighted as one of the most important reasons for the poor position of the Republic of Croatia on the global competitiveness scale. The oft-cited reform in political programs is public administration reform. Public administration includes government bodies, local and regional government and legal subjects which has public authority (public administrative bodies). During the 2015 Republic of Croatia has brought a Strategy of public administration development for the period 2015 – 2020, as a continuation of public administration reform started by Strategy of government administration reform for the period 2008 – 2011. Strategy is clearly defined goal, talk about quality standards, establishes business processes of public administration, suggest methodology for modelling and providing public policies, defined general and specific objectives. The main goal of Strategy is public services quality level increasing because of secure higher standard of living for people and creating stimulating entrepreneurship environment. Quality management in public administration is also included in the document National Reform Program, which was adopted by the Government of the Republic of Croatia in 2020. In this paper the authors present the results of further research of quality management system of public administration in Republic of Croatia, started in 2016.
Uncovering Ancient Catastrophe In Yogyakarta Based On Indigenous Knowledge In Perspective Philoarcheeology
Authors: Arrazaq Naufal Raffi , Syarqiyah Indah Nurafani , Hidayat Sahmu , Prihantoro Fahmi
Published: July 2021

People of Yogyakarta have an indigenous knowledge about catastrophe that is starting to be abandoned, due to the development of science and technology. Catastrophe events are considered more accurate when examined in a technological perspective, even thought technology has not been able to explain the meaning and philosophy of indigenous communities. The purpose of this research is; (a) identify traces of ancient catastrophe in Yogyakarta based on a philoarchaeological perspectiveand (b) analyze the relationship between the emergence of natural disaster folklore and the potential of natural disasters.The method of data collection is done online. The data were analyzed with a philoarchaeological approach. The results of this study show that ancient catastrophe consists of earthquakes, tsunamis, mountain eruptions, and floods. There is a link between the emergence of folklore and natural disasters. Folklore Ratu Kidul, Labuhan, and Merti Desa are related to earthquakes and tsunamis. Folklore Mbah Petruk, Labuhan, and Merti Desa are related to mountain eruptions.
Funciones de biomasa para boldo (Peumus boldus) y espino (Acacia caven) en la zona central de Chile
Authors: Aguirre A. Sergio , Infante L. Pedro
Published: July 2021

Funciones de biomasa fueron calculadas para dos importantes especies que crecen en la zona central de Chile: Boldo (Peumus boldus) y Espino (Acacia caven). Para lograr este objetivo, se empleó una metodología de terreno y de análisis matemático que ha sido probado con éxito en otras especies nativas de la zona. Las mejores funciones obtenidas son del tiempo logarítimicas para el caso del Boldo y lineales para el Espino. Considerando las buenas correlaciones y bajos errores obtenidos, estas funciones pueden utilizarse con seguridad para estimar el peso total y de los principales componentes de los árboles de Boldo y Espino.
Biomasa y boldina en boldo (Peumus boldus Mol.) VII Región
Authors: Toral Ibáñez Manuel , Kannegiesser Schuh Ute , Rosende Beytía Ramón
Published: July 2021

Se evalúa la producción en Biomasa, el contenido de boldina y el crecimiento de la especie Boldo, en la Región del Maule. Para cumplir con estos tres objetivos se efectuó un muestreo destructivo de 25 árboles, correspondientes a distintas clases de diámetro. Se concluye que el incremento medio en diámetro para Boldo es 0,36 cm/año y en altura 0,17 m/año. El componente principal de la biomasa es el fuste con 51,6% del peso seco total, las ramas aportan un 34,8%, las hojas participan en un 9,5% y la corteza solo en un 4,1%. Todo el árbol contiene boldina, encontrándose el mayor porcentaje (3,7%) en la corteza y el menor en las hojas (0,03%).
Apuntes sobre algunas acacias australianas. 1. Acacia mearnsii De Willd
Authors: Kannegiesser Schuh Ute
Published: July 2021

Acacia mearnsii pertenece a la familia Mimosaceae y está estrechamente relacionada con A. decurrens, de la cual incluso durante una época fue considerada una variedad y con A. dealbata. Esta sin embargo presneta folíolos más largos, follaje plateado y legumbres más toscas.
Requirement of Intravenous Fluid and Insulin in the Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis to Overcome the Crisis
Authors: Qasim Muhammad Iqbal , Hashir M. Mujtaba , Batool Shaheera , Sajid Nisar Khan , Iqbal Waheed , Ashraf M. Shahbaz
Published: July 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the requirement of intravenous fluid and insulin in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis to overcome the crisis. Study Design: Cross-sectional Place and Duration:Study was conducted at Medicine department of King Abdullah Teaching Hospital Mansehra and Nishtar Medical University Hospital Multan for six months duration from15thDecember, 2020 to 15thJune, 2020. Methods: Total seventy patients of both genders were presented in this study. Patients were aged between 18-65 years. Patients details demographics age, sex and body mass index were recorded after taking written consent. Patients had diabetic ketoacidosis were presented in this study. Frequency of intravenous fluid and insulin were assessed to overcome the crisis of diabetic ketoacidosis by using portland protocol. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 version. Results: Mean age of the patients was 30.51±7.41 years with mean BMI 25.18±3.48 kg/m2. 38(54.3%) cases were females and 32 (45.7%) patients were males. 42 (60%) cases had previous history of diabetes and the rest28 (40%) were newly diagnosed.Prevalence of DKA was more common in low socio-economic status found in 39 (55.7%) cases. Vomiting was the most common symptom found in 35 (50%) cases, followed by infection of insulin doses 18 (25.7%) cases, abdominal pain found in 15 (21.43%) patients. 32 (45.7%) patients who had increased diuresis received 11L of fluid in the treatment of DKA, 91-100 units of insulin were given to 18 (25.71%) cases, and for management of acidosis 24 (34.3%) patients took 2-days. There was no any mortality found in this study. Conclusion:We concluded in this study that early diagnosed of diabetic ketoacidosis is necessary for treatment. Removal of adequate fluid was necessary to avoid mortality. Keywords:Intravenous fluid, Insulin, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Diabetes
IMPACT OF AUDIO-VISUAL AIDS ON TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AT PRIMARY LEVEL
Authors: Khan Irfan Ullah , Khan Muhammad Saqib , Rehan Haroon
Published: July 2021

English is an international language and plays a pivotal role in our education system that is why different methods are used for English language teaching learning process at primary level to improve learning teaching process, that is why the present study was conducted to highlight the audio-visual aids’ role in process of teaching learning at the level of primary education. All the teachers and head teachers of Southern Districts Primary schools in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa were study population. The study sample consisted of 100 head-teachers (50 female and 50 male) and 300 teachers (150 males & 150 females). By nature, the study was survey, researcher developed personally instrument to collect data from respondents and thus analyzed, tabulated, and construed the data in the light of study objectives. The statistical tools like mean and SD were used for data analysis. The present study highlighted that audio visual aids make the learners able learn English language easily and in an interested way.
THE IMPACT OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE WORK SYSTEM ON THE EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE: MEDIATING ROLE OF EMPLOYEES RESILIENCE
Authors: Zaman Akbar , Nawaz Shahid , Khan Shaukat Ullah
Published: July 2021

The high-performance work system, employees’ performance and resilience are the critical success factors for any organization. To examine the concepts in native environment, the data was collected from different sources likewise, secondary from online databases while primary through questionnaire. The population of study comprises teaching faculty working in HEIs in southern region, KP, Pakistan. Literature was analyzed by comparing and examining the views of diverse researchers on matters under study while first hand data was analyzed over statistical procedure (correlation, & regression) to observe linkages amid research variables. Mediation procedure was used to inspect mediating role of employees’ resilience. Results offer significant information about the relationships among variables like positive association, significant impact, and partial mediation. This study is likely to offer new literature, new methods and new implications for management of concerned institutions. Therefore, study in general may contribute in existing knowledge database and in specific to researcher in achieving the desired objectives behind the conduction of this particular research study.
THE STUDY ON MPACT OF WORKPLACE BULLING ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT
Authors: Zarish Hafiza Munam , Zulqarnain Muhammad , Ahmad Zaeem
Published: July 2021

The purpose of current study is to explore the relationship of organizational commitment, verbal bullying and direct bullying in the banking sector of Lahore. Organizational commitment has been found to a serious problem in these days for all organization. This research concentrated on organizational commitment and two types of bullying i.e., physical and verbal bulling. The banking sector chose to conduct this current study. Because banking sector is considered as one of the extremely stressful sectors in Pakistan and it has great share in the economy. Simple random sampling technique was applied to choose 300 respondents from 28 banks located in Lahore (Pakistan). the structure questionnaire was utilized to gather the data. 270 fully completed questionnaires were used in the final analysis. Multiple linear regression was applied through SPSS to test the hypotheses. Overall workplace bullying has negative influence on organizational commitment. Moreover, two dimensions like the verbal bullying and direct bullying has the negative influence on the organizational commitment.
THE EFFECTS OF MODERATE INTENSITY AEROBIC EXERCISES UPON HEART RECOVERY OF COLLEGE GIRLS
Authors: Nawaz Fouzia , Luqman Muhammad Safdar , Jabeen Afsha
Published: July 2021

The existing stud was aimed to observe effects of moderate intensity aerobic exercises upon heart recovery of college girls. The study was experimental by using longitudinal data collection approach i.e., pre-test and post-test. Total participants in study were 40. The selected population was randomly being divided into two groups, “experimental and control group”. The experimental group gained special treatment for a period of 8 weeks. The heart beat was checked through Radial artery which is easily felt on thumb side of the wrist of arm. For radial artery, three fingers of hand used. After the completion of eight-week exercise protocol data of RHR the data of pretest and posttest was recorded and analyzed “using paired sample t test” to see the difference between the RHR score of girls in pre-test and post-test. It was concluded that the “there is significant impact of Moderate intensity aerobic exercises upon Resting” Heart Rate. Study provides significant information in reaching the conclusion of the current research study.
EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT AND EMPOYEE OUTCOMES- A CASE OF SERVICE SECTOR
Authors: Rana Aiza Hussain , Kafeel Nimra , Ahmad Zaeem
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this research is to analyze significance of the organizational support in managing employees’ job satisfaction, motivation and turnover intention in banking sector of Pakistan. As banking sector of Pakistan is the major contributor towards economic growth and development. Further these variables are analyzed by taking the case of Lahore which is the 2nd largest city of Pakistan based on its contribution toward total population of country. By using simple random sampling technique list of branches were chosen as sample from public and private banks. The data was collected through self-administered structured questionnaire. 400 questionnaires were distributed to top, middle level managers. 360 were received filled. 347 questionnaires were used for the analysis quoting response rate of 87%. Results validate the proposed relationship. The study concluded that the perceived organization support holds value among employees as it is found that in the presence of support, they remain satisfied, motivated and stick to banks.
THE TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND OCCUPATIONAL STRESS: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Nawaz Shahid , Tahir Muhammad , Zaman Akbar
Published: July 2021

The relationship between occupational stress and transformational leadership is mainly influenced by some factors wherein some contribute positively while some contributes negatively. From positive limits, the emotional intelligence is most effective factor which contribute in connection between occupational stress and transformational leadership. The researcher main contribution is the careful selection of the research variable and results that were based upon opinion of respondents concerning research variables. Both secondary and primary data were used to conduct, study, where secondary data was collected from the related articles on variables and primary data, was collected through questionnaires adapted from the previous studies. Through different tools of statistics (correlation, regression & mediation), collected data was analyzed to obtain answers to research questions (hypotheses). Results are significant and provide suitable information about the research variables to add values to existing research database.
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR ONLINE HIGHER-EDUCATION: THE CREATORS AND KILLERS OF DIGITAL DIVIDES
Authors: Nawaz Allah , Hussain Abid , Sohail Aamir
Published: July 2021

The digital technologies have gained continuous momentum during the last decades in emerging economies. Contemporary world is divided into ‘haves’ and ‘have-nots’ on the basis of access to information and communication technologies (ICTs) mainly internet. This is called digital-divide: classification of the global-community into digitally literate and illiterate citizens. ICTs are said to be the main cause of this problem however the same technologies offer opportunities to not only bridge the digital divide but also improve life particularly, higher-education. This paper brings together the experience and viewpoints of researchers about the definition, causes, ICT-based solutions and hurdles in implementing online higher education in the universities to manage digital-divides in the developing countries. Based on the literature about the digital technologies and its application in the different spheres, it is argued that ICTs are not threats rather the opportunities provided they are harnessed in tune with the human and non-human contexts of the higher education in Pakistan.
IMPACT OF H-PERFORMANCE W-SYSTEM ON EMPLOYEE S’ PERFORMANCE: MEDIATING ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT BREACH
Authors: Zaman Akbar , Nawaz Shahid , Ullah Shaukat
Published: July 2021

The high-performance work system is leading phenomenon that acts as the compact package comprising different human resource practices that are used widely as group of different practices and as a compact phenomenon thereby amalgamating the entire practices in single package known as high-performance work-system. The HPWS is important and effective for all the organizations in modern viable situations. This system allows organizations including HEIs to get desired performance over a compact system to attain the desired short-term tasks and long-term objectives. This system helps in defining parameters that are dynamic in attaining desired performance of employees and institutions. The employees’ performance is most effective phenomenon leading to employees’ actual potential and the efforts towards the task achievement. The existing literature offered different factors and issues that can disturb linkages among HPWS and employees’ performance. This study offered significant results by using psychological contract breach as mediator.
DETERMINANTS OF SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT OF TRANSGENDER COMMUNITY IN DISTRICT FAISALABAD, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
Authors: Hina Sehrish , Khan Asghar Ullah , Shabbir Muhammad
Published: July 2021

The diversity in religions, races, communities, and languages are more easily acceptable than diversity in sexual orientation. There is need of development in the area of the sexual identities globally and in Pakistan specifically. This marginalized group of individuals is facing social exclusion in the society, in terms of attaining equal social opportunities of the productive life. This study investigates societal challenges specifically in economical and geographical fields of life that are affecting transgender and their emerging issues. The study was quantitative in nature and use semi structured interview schedule as tool for data collection. The target population was transgender of urban area and researcher used a case study method to collect the data in person communication with them as per need of research. The transgender has risk of housing crisis and homelessness arising from rejection by family, neighbor force to left home, and members of local community. Government should offer them valuable jobs and secure residences.
AN EXAMINATION ON THE BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE OF CHINA IN 21ST CENTURY
Authors: Khan Asghar Ullah , Malik Zain Ul Abiden , Malik Hani Fatima
Published: July 2021

The current research analyzes Indian concerns about China's growing impact in the Indian Ocean region, particularly the transformation activities on the China's Maritime Silk Road and China's Silk Road Economic Belt in the 21st century. The research looks deeply at the reasons for the Indian anxiety and misunderstanding of the China Belt and Road Initiative, especially the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. The research also claims that global support has exposed the role of China's BRI in regional socio-economic connectivity. India, however, is the largest nation in South Asia and has a positive impact on the Indian Ocean. In other South Asian countries, apart from Pakistan, it plays an important role in the economic, military and communications. The attitude of India is very crucial to the China's BRI. As China's most significant neighbor, the Century Maritime Silk Road With respect to its economy and its military size.
Een andere overheid vereist een andere verhouding tot maakbaarheid
Authors: van Putten Robert
Published: July 2021

R&D

Reflection and debate initiates academically inspired discussions on issues that are on the current policy agenda.
WRR: Decennia integratie van migratieadvies
Authors: van Ostaijen Mark , Hoekstra Myrte
Published: July 2021

Dossier

In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
In gesprek met de terrorist
Authors: Peels Rik
Published: July 2021

Boekensignalement

In this feature authors review recently published books on subjects of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
Grenzen aan gewiekste maakbaarheid
Authors: Feitsma Joram
Published: July 2021

Boekensignalement

In this feature authors review recently published books on subjects of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
‘Follow the dog’ – Creating arts-based, supportive and relational spaces to facilitate in a purposeful discovery of knowledge
Authors: Weerman Alie , Metze Rosalie
Published: July 2021

‘Follow the dog’ – Creating arts-based, supportive and relational spaces to facilitate in a purposeful discovery of knowledge

Dutch social policies are aimed at the integration and participation of all people. This creates challenges for persons with a mental vulnerability and their neighbourhoods. Five municipalities in the province of Flevoland asked us to help them improve the move from protected living to living in the neighbourhood. We used an arts-based participatory action research design and we followed ‘hot topics’, topics that sparked people’s energy and emotion, and which led to empowerment and participation. Focusing on these topics, which initially might not seem to be closely connected to the main research topic, might produce more information, and energy to take action on it, rather than rigidly sticking with the initial research topics. In this article, we focus on the first phases of the project. The emotions that people with mental vulnerabilities expressed when talking about their dogs, led us to the core of what really mattered to them in terms of inclusive living and participation. The dog functioned as an unexpected ‘hot topic’. In a symbolic sense, ‘the dog’ stands for a diverse range of lifeworld topics that can act as a creative catalyst for social change.
Cancer du sein chez les Rwandaises en âge de procréer du district sud de Kayonza : facteurs influençant les pratiques de dépistage
Authors: Igiraneza Pierre Céléstin , Omondi Lilian A. , Nikuze Bellancille , Uwayezu Marie Goretti , Fitch Margaret , Niyonsenga Gaudence
Published: July 2021

Introduction : Au Rwanda, le cancer du sein est une grande préoccupation pour la santé des femmes puisque la plupart des diagnostics sont faits à un stade avancé de la maladie. On sait pourtant que les pratiques de dépistage du cancer du sein permettent d’accélérer le diagnostic. Objectif : Évaluer les facteurs qui influencent les pratiques de dépistage du cancer du sein chez les femmes en âge de procréer habitant le district de Kayonza, au Rwanda. Méthodologie : Une étude quantitative a été menée dans quatre centres de santé au sud du district de Kayonza auprès de 246 femmes de 16 à 49 ans. Un questionnaire structuré, prétesté et autoadministré a été utilisé pour évaluer l’influence des connaissances, des centres de santé et des facteurs socioéconomiques et culturels sur les pratiques de dépistage du cancer du sein chez les femmes dans le sud de Kayonza. Résultats : Parmi les répondantes, 55,5 % avaient une connaissance moyenne des facteurs de risque du cancer du sein, et 60,2 % sur l’incidence du dépistage du cancer du sein. On a constaté que 28 % étaient familiarisées avec l’auto-examen des seins (AES) et 16,4 % avec l’examen clinique des seins (ECS) et l’échographie mammaire. Au cours des deux années précédentes, les réponses entourant les pratiques de dépistage du sein ont révélé que 72 % des répondantes n’avaient jamais réalisé d’AES et que 81,3 % n’avaient jamais passé d’ECS ou d’échographie mammaire. Pour 30,4 % des répondantes, l’information sur le dépistage du cancer du sein provenait principalement de la radio. Des relations significatives avec les pratiques de dépistage du cancer du sein sont ressorties pour l’âge et l’état matrimonial. Conclusion : L’étude témoigne du peu de connaissances sur le cancer du sein, le dépistage et les pratiques relatives au dépistage de cette maladie. Il est donc nécessaire de promouvoir la sensibilisation au cancer du sein et de créer un programme qui puisse améliorer les connaissances et les pratiques en matière de dépistage afin d’améliorer la santé des femmes du sud de Kayonza.
Estudo do desempenho do algoritmo de seleção negativa aplicado à detecção de builds não-determinísticas
Authors: Matrone Daniel , Tsuneki Roberto , Pasquale Rodrigo P. , Bianchini Calebe P.
Published: July 2021

O uso de builds, que são entregas automatizadas de software e prática comum em ambientes de desenvolvimento ágil, tem como objetivo compilar, empacotar, testar e entregar diferentes versões de um sistema - o que pode resultar em sucesso ou falha, sendo este último investigado manualmente. Por meio do Algoritmo Bioinspirado de Seleção Negativa, as falhas podem ser identificadas de maneira automática, com boa precisão dado um número de detectores. Porém, o tempo dessa automação ainda é elevado. O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os estudos dos pontos críticos encontrados nesse algoritmo, sendo que a solução atual reduz o tempo total de execução sequencial de 119,13s para 30,44s com 48 threads.
Herbs and Spices Fortified Functional Dairy Products
Authors: Kumar Paswan Vinod , Rose Hency , Shekhar Singh Chandra , Yamini S. , Rathaur Aman
Published: July 2021

Recently, an increased interest in exploiting the functional and medicinal health attributes of herbs and spices has been observed worldwide among the health conscious consumers to preserve and promote the health and nutrition and immunity particularly during the Covid-19 pandemic era. Fortification of dairy products with these herbs and spices so as to exploit the functional and medicinal attributes have also gained momentum. Herbs and spices are rich source of bioactive compounds such as anti-oxidants, vitamins, micro- and macro-minerals, phytochemicals like flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, essential oils, coumarin, organic acids, phenols and saponins. Milk and other dairy products have been popular compatible vehicles for delivering functional, nutritional and other health benefits of phytochemicals of herbs and spices among the consumers. This chapter explores the quality and functional attributes of herbs and spices fortified dairy products such as herbal spiked milk, curd and yoghurts, paneer, cheese and ice creams and other dairy products.
Management of Pesticides from Vineyard to Wines: Focus on Wine Safety and Pesticides Removal by Emerging Technologies
Authors: Dumitriu (Gabur) Georgiana-Diana , Teodosiu Carmen , V. Cotea Valeriu
Published: July 2021

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) represent an important crop, being cultivated in 2018 on 7.4 million hectares worldwide, and with a total production of 77.8 million tonnes. Grapes are susceptible to a large number of fungal pests and insects that may cause important economic losses, reduction of quality and undesired sensory characteristics in wines. A common practice in viticulture is the utilization of chemical reagents, as pesticides, that can insure constant production of high-quality grapes. The use of pesticides in vineyards is an old agricultural practice and although generally beneficial, some concerns are raising due to potential toxic compounds assimilation during wine consumption and human health risks. This chapter offers a complete overview of the most common pesticides used in vineyard and tracks them across grapes, winemaking stages and wines. The impacts of pesticide residues on phenolic compounds and volatile compounds are discussed in details, alongside with emerging technologies for removal of pesticide residues from grapes and wines.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Pregnancy
Authors: Fernandes Melissa , Bernardino Vera , Taulaigo Anna , Fernandes Jorge , Lladó Ana , Serrano Fátima
Published: July 2021

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that often affects women during childbearing age. Pregnant women with SLE are considered high-risk patients, with pregnancy outcomes being complicated by high maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. Obstetric morbidity includes preterm birth, fetal growth restriction (FGR), and neonatal lupus syndromes. Active SLE during conception is a strong predictor of adverse pregnancy outcomes and exacerbations of disease can occur more frequently during gestation. Therefore, management of maternal SLE should include preventive strategies to minimize disease activity and to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes. Patients with active disease at time of conception have increased risk of flares, like lupus nephritis, imposing a careful differential diagnosis of pre-eclampsia, keeping in mind that physiological changes of pregnancy may mimic a lupus flare. Major complications arise when anti-phospholipid antibodies are present, like recurrent pregnancy loss, stillbirth, FGR, and thrombosis in the mother. A multidisciplinary approach is hence crucial and should be initiated to all women with SLE at childbearing age with an adequate preconception counseling with assessment of risk factors for adverse maternal and fetal outcomes with a tight pregnancy monitoring plan. Although treatment choices are limited during pregnancy, prophylactic anti-aggregation and anticoagulation agents have proven beneficial in reducing thrombotic events and pre-eclampsia related morbidity. Pharmacological therapy should be tailored, allowing better outcomes for both the mother and the baby. Immunosuppressive and immunomodulators, must be effective in controlling disease activity and safe during pregnancy. Hydroxychloroquine is the main therapy for SLE due to its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects recommended before and during pregnancy and other immunosuppressive drugs (e.g. azathioprine and calcineurin inhibitors) are used to control disease activity in order to improve obstetrical outcomes. Managing a maternal SLE is a challenging task, but an early approach with multidisciplinary team with close monitoring is essential and can improve maternal and fetal outcomes.
Potential Liquid Fertilizer Made from Goat Feces to Improve Vegetable Product
Authors: Sunaryo Yacobus , Theresia Darini Maria , Ratri Cahyani Vita , Purnomo Djoko
Published: July 2021

This study was carried out to examine the production of liquid fertilizer made from goat feces (LFGF) as well as the potency of LFGF for increasing plant growth and yield of vegetables. The study was conducted through 3 studies. The first study was begun with compiling a formulation for LFGF. The selected-raw-material was goat feces added with sugar and ZA, as well as EM (Lactobacillus sp., Actinomycetes sp., Streptomyces sp. and Yeast). The experimental results indicated that an increase in the concentration of ZA resulted in an increase in the total N and S content, as well as an increase EC of LFGF. Increased sugar concentration results in a decrease in pH and an increase in lactic acid content, whereas an increase in ZA decreases the formation of acetic acid. The use of sugar 25 g L−1 water and ZA 50 g L−1 water could produce the best quality of LFGF. The second study was to examine the selected LFGF combined with AB-Mix nutrient solution on the growth and yield of three types of leaf vegetables which were cultivated hydroponically. The results indicated that LFGF can potentially replace AB-Mix fertilizer by up to 50% in hydroponic vegetable cultivation. The third study was to examine the selected LFGF as nutrients availability of mustard that was cultivated in pots, given through planting media with a concentration of 1:40 L−1 water (EC 2300 μS cm−1). It shows that LFGF has the potential to increase the growth and yield of mustard plants in pots.
Ligustrazine Attenuates Gastric Inflammation and Apoptosis in Helicobacter pylori-induced Gastric Epithelial Cells
Authors: Li Yongjian , Chen Qiong , Wang Shasha , Zhang Shichao
Published: July 2021

Background: Stomach disorders, including gastric cancer and gastritis, are associated with the pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter pylori. Enhanced inflammation is the characteristic of H. pylori-induced gastritis. Ligustrazine exerts anti-inflammatory properties in mouse asthma models and acute kidney injury. Objectives: To determine the role of ligustrazine in H. pylori-induced gastritis. Methods: Normal gastric epithelial cell line (GES-1) was cultured with H. pylori at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 100: 1 for 24 hours. GES-1 cell line under H. pylori condition was incubated with 100 or 200 μM ligustrazine for 24 hours. Cell viability and apoptosis were investigated by MTT and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Inflammation was assessed by determining the levels and mRNA expression of interleukins (IL)-6/8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) using ELISA and qRT-PCR analysis, respectively. Results: Helicobacter pylori infection reduced the viability and promoted the apoptosis of GES-1 cell line, accompanied by the enhanced activities of caspases 3 and 9. However, ligustrazine reversed the H. pylori-induced infection decreased viability, while increased apoptosis and caspases 3/9 activities in GES-1 cell line. Moreover, ligustrazine attenuated H. pylori-induced secretions of pro-inflammatory factors, IL-6/8, TNF-α, and MCP-1, in GES-1 cell line. The protein expression of inhibitor of NF-κB (IκBα) was downregulated in GES-1 cell line after H. pylori infection, while the protein expression levels of p65 and phosphorylation of IκBα were upregulated by H. pylori infection. On the contrary, ligustrazine decreased H. pylori-induced protein expression of IκBα, whereas increased protein expression of p65 and phosphorylation of IκBα. Conclusions: Ligustrazine exerted protective effects on H. pylori-induced gastric epithelial cells through inhibition of gastric inflammation and apoptosis and inactivation of NF-κB pathway.
Correlation of Vitamin D Serum Level of Mothers and Their Newborns
Authors: Boskabadi Hassan , Heidari Elahe
Published: July 2021

Background: The possibility of vitamin D deficiency is high among mothers and their premature newborns. Objectives: Due to the high rate of vitamin D deficiency in Iranian women, this study aimed to determine the association between the serum levels of vitamin D in the blood of premature newborns and their mothers in the Iranian population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 324 mothers and their 324 newborns with gestational age less than 37 weeks, who were referred to Ghaem Hospital affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, during 2016-2020. After clamping, 1.5 cc blood samples were obtained through the umbilical cord to determine the neonates’ vitamin D levels. Finally, the serum levels of vitamin D were measured, and the correlation between the levels of vitamin D of mothers and their newborns was calculated. Results: The mean vitamin D levels of newborns and mothers were 15.75 ± 11.18 and 20.16 ± 13.41 ng/mL, respectively. Moreover, there was a high correlation between the vitamin D levels of mothers and their newborns (r = 0.672; P < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between the vitamin D levels of mothers, who used vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and their neonates’ levels (r = 0.773; P < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings suggest a positive correlation between neonatal and maternal vitamin D levels. Moreover, it seems that maternal vitamin D levels can predict neonatal vitamin D deficiency.
Responsible for Destiny
Authors: Ward Katherine ,   The Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

Historizing is the way Dasein takes up possibilities and roles to project itself into the future. It is why we experience continuity throughout our lives, and it is the basis for historicality – our sense of a more general continuity of “history.” In Being and Time, Heidegger identifies both inauthentic and authentic modes of historizing that give rise, respectively, to inauthentic and authentic modes of histori­cality. He focuses on historizing at the individual level but gestures at a communal form of historizing. In this paper, I develop the concept of co-historizing in both its authentic and inauthentic modes. I argue that Heidegger’s unarticulated concept of inauthentic co-historizing is what necessitated the planned (but unfinished) second half of Being and Time – the “phenomenological destruction of the history of ontology.” I consider what it means to take responsibility for our destiny as a people and specifically as a community of philosophers.
The Ethics of Thinking
Authors: Altman Megan , Braver Lee ,   The Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

Ethics usually focuses on actions, with thinking or unthinking only having significance insofar as they lead to good or bad behavior. Heidegger and Levinas, however, argue that thinking in certain ways, or not thinking in general, is ethical or unethical on its own rather than just by having good or bad consequences. Heidegger’s early work makes unthinking conformity (regardless of to what) an important part of inauthenticity, while his later work turns the thinking of being into our central “ethical” task, intentionally blurring the distinction between thinking and acting. Levinas makes thinking about humans in a certain way – namely as thinkable, as fitting into and exhausted by comprehensible categories – itself an act of conceptual violence, regardless of what deeds follow from it. We conclude with Kierkegaard who criticized humanity’s tendency to sleepwalk through their own lives, only waking up by confronting something unthinkable. This thought can be seen as a common source for both Heidegger and Levinas, as well as a way to keep the two in a continuously off-balance strife with each other.