bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in Genetic Diversity and Demographic History of Jankowski’s Bunting (Emberiza Jankowskii), as Revealed by Mitochondrial DNA and Microsatellite Markers
Authors: Huang Long , Feng Guochen , Li Dan , Shang Weiping , Zhang Lishi , Yan Rongfei , Jiang Yunlei , Li Shi
Published: March 2021

The genetic variation and distribution of a population depend largely on the demographic history. For instance, populations that have recently experienced shrinkage usually have a lower genetic diversity. However, some endangered species with a narrow distribution have a high genetic diversity resulting from large historical population sizes and long generation times. In addition, very recent population bottlenecks may not be reflected in the population’s genetic information. In this study, we used a mitochondrial DNA marker and 15 microsatellite markers to reveal the genetic diversity, recent changes, inbreeding, and demographic history of a Jankowski’s bunting (Emberiza jankowskii) population in eastern Inner Mongolia. The results show that the genetic diversity of the population remained at a relatively stable and high level until recently. Severe population shrinkage did not result in a considerable lack of genetic variation because of the large historical population size and relatively short periods of human disturbance. In addition, introgression and gene flow among populations compensate for the loss of genetic variation to some extent. Considering the current small effective population size and the existence of inbreeding, we recommend that habitat protection be continued to maximize the genetic diversity of the Jankowski’s bunting population.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and Q235 steel via probeless friction stir extrusion joining
Authors: Zhang Peng , Zhao Shengdun , Zhang Chuanwei , Chen Zheng , Zhang Jiaying , Fei Liangyu , Dong Peng
Published: March 2021

Aluminum alloy and steel composite structures are increasingly and widely used in the automotive industry and other fields owing to their advantages of light weight and high comprehensive performance. The high-quality joining of aluminum alloy and steel has become the research focus in China and overseas. The current study proposes a probeless friction stir extrusion joining (P-FSEJ) process to avoid intermetallic compounds, reduce wear of tools, and obtain a spot joint without keyhole defects. Strong mechanical interlock is formed after that the plasticized aluminum alloy (AA) 6061-T6 is extruded into the prefabricated threaded hole of a Q235 steel plate in the P-FSEJ process. Three distinct zones in the typical symmetrical “basin-shaped” P-FSEJed joint are observed. In addition to the rotation speed, the diameter of the threaded hole is also specifically used to study the influence on the mechanical properties of the joint. When the rotation speed is 1200 rpm, the maximum tensile-shear loads of the M6 and M7 threaded hole joints are 2882.93 N and 3344.74 N, respectively, while the M8 threaded hole joint is 4139.58 N at rotation speed of 1000 rpm. Two typical fracture failure modes of the P-FSEJed joints, namely, rivet shear and rivet pullout-shear fractures, are obtained under tensile-shear loading. Lastly, the P-FSEJed joints with mode “P” fracture failure generally have high strength and energy absorption capability.
Metabolic parameters and gut microbiota composition of rats fed high-fat diets based on ruminant fat compared with hydrogenated vegetable fat
Authors: Medeiros Larissa Brito , Alves Susana Paula Almeida , Bessa Rui José Branquinho , Soares Juliana Késsia Barbosa , Costa Camila Neves Meireles , Aquino Jailane Souza , Guerra Gerlane Coelho Bernardo , Araújo Daline Fernandes Souza , Toscano Lydiane Tavares , Silva Alexandre Sérgio , Alves Adriano Francisco , Lacerda Mateus , Araujo Wydemberg José , Medeiros Ariosvaldo Nunes , Oliveira Celso José Bruno , Queiroga Rita
Published: March 2021

This study tested the hypothesis that naturally and industrially produced trans fatty acids (TFA) exert distinct effects on rats’ metabolic parameters. Wistar rat groups were fed the diets: CONT - without added fat; HVF − 20% hydrogenated vegetable fat (HVF); and RUM − 20% ruminant fat. Biochemical markers, cytokine levels, fatty acid (FA) composition of liver, heart and adipose tissue, liver histology and the gut microbial composition were also evaluated. Rats fed RUM presented lower deposition of adipose tissue and LDL and higher HDL and anti-inflammatory IL-10 than those fed CONT and HVF. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, malondialdehyde (MDA) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were higher in group HVF than CONT and RUM. In all types of tissue, the highest TFA levels were observed in rats fed HVF, which contributed to the development of fatty liver. The RUM diet led to higher concentrations of stearic acid and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). The lower incorporation of TFA and distinct FA profile in the liver of rats fed RUM compared to HVF could be associated with protection hepatic. The microbial gut communities were significantly dissimilar among the groups. It is plausible that ruminant fat might reduce risk parameters involved in the development of cardiovascular disease.
Statistical Potentials from the Gaussian Scaling Behaviour of Chain Fragments Buried within Protein Globules
Authors: Zamuner Stefano , Seno Flavio , Trovato Antonio
Published: March 2021

Knowledge-based approaches use the statistics collected from protein databank structures to estimate effective interaction potentials between amino acid pairs. Empirical relations are typically employed that are based on the crucial choice of a reference state associated to the null interaction case. Despite their significant effectiveness, the physical interpretation of knowledge-based potentials has been repeatedly questioned, with no consensus on the choice of the reference state. Here we use the fact that the Flory theorem, originally derived for chains in a dense polymer melt, holds also for chain fragments within the core of globular proteins. After verifying that the ensuing Gaussian statistics, a hallmark of effectively non-interacting polymer chains, holds for a wide range of fragment lengths, we use it to define a ‘bona fide’ reference state. Notably, despite the latter does depend on fragment length, deviations from it do not. This allows to estimate an effective interaction potential which is not biased by the presence of correlations due to the connectivity of the protein chain. We show how different sequence-independent effective statistical potentials can be derived using this approach by coarse-graining the protein representation at varying levels. The possibility of defining sequence-dependent potentials is explored.
Exploring the social ecology for appropriate antibiotic prescribing and stewardship in primary care: presenting the VALUE driven model of practice derived from qualitative analysis of public and private care settings in Singapore
Authors: Guo Huiling , Hildon Zoe Jane-Lara , Loh Victor Weng Keong , Sundram Meena , Ibrahim Muhamad Alif Bin , Tang Wern Ee , Chow Angela
Published: March 2021

Background: Singapore’s healthcare system allows both antibiotic prescribing and dispensing across public and private primary care settings, presenting an ideal context to learn from systems where dispensing is closely tied to diverse operational models and funding mechanisms. Aim: To explore processes underpinning decision-making for antibiotic prescribing by primary care doctors in Singapore, by examining doctors’ experiences in different primary care settings. Methods: Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 doctors working in publicly funded primary care clinics (polyclinics) and 13 doctors working in private general practitioner (GP) clinics (solo, small group and large group practices). Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using applied thematic analysis. Results: Given the lack of National Guidelines for antibiotic prescribing in the Singapore context, this practice is currently non-standardised in both private and publicly funded primary care settings. Themes contributing to best practice narratives relate to having independent funding sources and control over drug formulary orders, and valuing reduction in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The existence of trusting patient-doctor relationships, and reasonable patient loads were observed to allow joint participatory and informed decision-making that further enabled appropriate prescribing. The importance of monitoring and application of data/evaluations to inform practice was a minority theme, nevertheless underpinning all levels of optimal care delivery.Conclusions: A model for appropriate antibiotic prescribing-related interventions needs to prioritise addressing and shaping organisational and personal Valuing of AMR reduction. These values have to also Align with wider systemic constraints experienced in publicly funded institutions, operational management of private clinics and interactions with patients at the interpersonal level. The overcoming of such constraints and allowing time for patient Liaison and trust building will crystalise these earlier initiatives. Use of data to monitor and Evaluate antibiotic prescribing, informing optimal delivery systems should be routinely shared for transparency and to improve prescribing practices. These dimensions are summarised in the VALUE model for appropriate antibiotic prescribing and stewardship in primary care, which is recommended as transferable to diverse contexts.
Hub Gene Identification and Prognostic Model Establishment for Patients with HBV-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Lianmei , Liu Jing , Xian Zhong , Tian Jingzhuo , Li Chunying , Zhang Yushi , Liu Suyan , Han Jiayin , Pan Chen , Yi Yan , Zhao Yong , Zhang Hongbing , Liang Aihua
Published: March 2021

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with poor 5-year survival. Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) contributes to ~ 50% of HCC cases. Establishment of a prognostic model is pivotal for clinical therapy of HBV-related HCC (HBV–HCC). We downloaded gene-expression profiles from Gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets with HBV-HCC patients and the corresponding controls. Integration of these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was achieved with the Robustrankaggreg (RRA) method. DEGs functional analyses and pathway analyses was performed using the Gene ontology (GO) database, and the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database respectively. DNA topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A), Disks large-associated protein 5 (DLGAP5), RAD51 associated protein 1 (RAD51AP1), ZW10 interactor (ZWINT), BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B (BUB1B), Cyclin B1 (CCNB1), Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), Cyclin B2 (CCNB2), Aurora kinase A (AURKA), and Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) were identified as the top-ten hub genes. These hub-genes were verified by the Liver cancer-riken, JP project from international cancer genome consortium (ICGC-LIRI-JP) project, The Cancer genome atlas (TCGA) HCC cohort, and Human protein profiles dataset. FOXM1 and CDK1 were found to be prognostic-related molecules for HBV-HCC patients. The expression patterns of FOXM1 and CDK1were consistently in human and mouse. Furthermore, a nomogram model based on histology grade, pathology stage, sex and, expression of FOXM1 and CDK1 was built to predict the prognosis for HBV–HCC patients. The nomogram model could be used to predict the prognosis of HBV-HCC cases.
Spatiotemporal changes in atmospheric water vapor content and analysis of meteorological factors over the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings
Authors: Wang Zhilan , Sun Meiping , Yao Xiaojun , Zhang Lei , Zhang Hao
Published: March 2021

Based on radiosonde stations and V3.0 data, Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS)-only, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite (TRMM) and MERRA2, and ERA-5 data, we evaluated the ability of each dataset to reproduce water vapor content and explored its relationship with precipitation and temperature over the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings. The results showed that the southern part of the surrounding area had high water vapor content and a low water vapor content zone appeared in the inner part of the Tibetan Plateau. The largest water vapor content appeared in summer and the smallest in winter. Most of the products could capture the spatial distribution of water vapor content, ERA-5 had the smallest bias and the highest correlation coefficient with the radiosonde data. The water vapor content has shown a gradually increasing trend over the last 50 years, with the most obvious increase in summer. Several sets of products had the same fluctuation trend and value is greater than the radiosonde data. There was a significant positive correlation between air temperature and water vapor content in the Tibetan Plateau, especially in the south. As the latitude increased, the correlation between precipitation and water vapor content gradually decreased and a negative correlation appeared.
A Comparative Analysis of Multiple Fractional Solutions of Generalized Couette Flow of Couple Stress Fluid in Channel
Authors: ARIF MUHAMMAD , KUMAM POOM , KUMAM WIYADA
Published: March 2021

This study provides the exact solutions of couple stress fluid (CSF) in channel. The Couple stress fluid is bounded by two plates in which the lower plate is moving with constant velocity Uo and the upper plate is fixed. The influence of external pressure gradient is considered on the CSF fluid. To transform classical CSF model we have introduced three approaches of fractional derivatives, (a) Caputo (b) Caputo-Fabrizio (CF) and (c) Atangana–Baleanu (AB) fractional definitions. The exact solutions have been obtained using the Laplace and finite Fourier sine transforms jointly. Furthermore, the effect of different fractional derivatives is compared and the results are shown in graphs. Moreover, parameters which effect the CSF motion are discussed in the graph. The most important out come from the given study is the comparison of Caputo, Caputo-Fabrizio and Atangana-Baleanu fractional models with classical CSF model. From the comparison it can be noticed that Atangana-Baleanu fractional model discuss the dynamics of the couple stress fluid with good memory effect as compared to Caputo and Caputo-Fabrizio fractional operators. The CSF model can be reduced to Newtonian fluid as limiting case and also investigated solutions in the absence of external pressure. Finally, Skin friction are evaluated for lower and upper plates and presented the obtained results in tabular form.
Application of Creative Quantitative Measurement of Iris Angiography in Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Zhao Qi , An Weiting , Han Jindong , Zhang Longli
Published: March 2021

Background: To explore the application of a creative quantitative measurement of iris angiography (IA) in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods: This was a single-center cross-sectional study. From May 2016 to December 2019, 30 consecutive patients (60 eyes) with severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and 30 consecutive patients (60 eyes) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) who underwent IA in Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital were enrolled prospectively in the study. All of the patients underwent ophthalmologic examination including visual acuity, intraocular pressure, slit-lamp microscopy, slit-lamp anterior lens, ultra-wide-field fundus photography and IA. IA included iris fluorescein angiography (IFA) and iris indocyanine green angiography (IICGA). The onset time of iris vascular leakage should be recorded and the circumference range of pupil margin fluorescein leakage was measured by self-developed software. Independent sample t-test and chi-square test were used to compare and analyze the difference of the onset time and range of iris vascular leakage between severe NPDR and PDR groups. Results: IFA showed that the onset time of iris vascular leakage was 30.38±6.40s in severe NPDR group and 26.50±5.41s in PDR group. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (p=0.006). The range of iris vascular leakage was 49.09±59.27 degrees in severe NPDR group and 137.71±95.53 degrees in PDR group. There was significant statistically difference between two groups (p=0.032). No neovascularization of the iris (NVI) was found in all patients with PDR by slit-lamp microscope examination, while NVI was detected in 8 eyes by IFA and IICGA examination.Conclusions: The creative quantitative measurement of IA can evaluate the severity of diabetic iridopathy (DI), monitor the progress of DR, and detect NVI invisible to the naked eye as soon as possible, so as to provide a basis for the formulation of personalized treatment for patients with DR.
Balanced forced-diuresis compared to control as a reno-protective approach in cardiac surgery: Secondary outcome of a randomized controlled trial, assessment of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels
Authors: Luckraz Heyman , Giri Ramesh , Wrigley Benjamin , Nagarajan Kumaresan , Senanayake Eshan , Sharman Emma , Beare Lawrence , Nevill Alan
Published: March 2021

BackgroundNeutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a recognised biomarker for acute kidney injury (AKI).This study investigated the impact of balanced forced-diuresis using RenalGuard® system (RG), in reducing acute kidney injury (AKI) rates and the associated NGAL levels (6-hour post-CPB plasma level) post adult cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).MethodsPatients included in the study were at high-risk for AKI post cardiac surgery, namely history of diabetes and/or anaemia, e-GFR 20–60 ml/min/1.73m2, Logistic EuroScore > 5, anticipated CPB time > 120 minutes. Patients were randomized to either RG (n = 110) or managed as per current practice (control = 110). RIFLE-defined AKI rate (based on serum creatinine level increase) within first 3 days of surgery and 6-hour post CPB NGAL levels were the primary and secondary end-points.ResultsPre & intra-operative characteristics between the two groups were similar (p > 0.05) including the pre-op NGAL levels, the oxygen delivery (ecDO2i) and the carbon dioxide production (ecVCO2i) during CPB. Patients in the RG group had a significantly lower post-operative RIFLE-defined AKI rate compared to control (10% (11/110) v/s 20.9% (23/110), p = 0.03). Overall, median 6-hour post CPB NGAL levels in patients with AKI were significantly higher than those who did not develop AKI (211 vs 150 ng/ml, p < 0.001). Patients managed by balanced forced-diuresis had lower post-operative NGAL levels (146 vs 178 ng/ml, p = 0.09). Using previously reported NGAL cut-off level for AKI (142 ng/ml), binary logistic regression analysis confirmed a beneficial effect of the RG system, with an increased risk of AKI of 2.2 times in the control group (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.14–4.27, p = 0.02).ConclusionsOverall, the 6-hour post-CPB plasma NGAL levels were significantly higher in patients who developed AKI.Patients managed with the novel approach of balanced forced-diuresis, provided by the RenalGuard® system, had a lower AKI rate and lower NGAL levels indicating a lesser degree of renal tissue injury.Clinical Registration NumberClinicalTrials.gov website, NCT02974946, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02974946
The qualitative experience of telehealth access and clinical encounters in Australian health care during COVID-19: Implications for policy
Authors: White Jennifer , Byles Julie , Walley Tom
Published: March 2021

BackgroundAdaptive models of health care delivery, such as telehealth consultations, have rapidly been adopted to ensure ongoing delivery of essential health care services during COVID-19. However there remain gaps in our understanding of how clinicians have adapted to telehealth. This study aims to explore the telehealth experiences or specialists, based at tertiary hospital in the Hunter Region, and General Practitioners (GP) including barriers, enables and opportunities. Methods In-depth interviews explored the telehealth experiences of specialists, based at tertiary hospital in the Hunter Region of Australia, and General Practitioners (GP) including barriers, enablers and opportunities. Data were analyzed using an inductive thematic approach with constant comparison.ResultsIndividual interviews were conducted with 10 specialist and 5 GPs. Key themes were identified: (1) Transition to telehealth has been valuable but challenging; (2) Persisting telehealth process barriers need addressing; (3) Establishing when face-to-face consults are essential; (4) Changes in workload pressures and potential for double up; (5) Essential modification of work practices and (6) Exploring what is needed going forwardDiscussionWhile there is a need to rationalise and optimise health access during a pandemic, we suggest that more needs to be done improve telehealth going forward. Our results have important policy implications. Specifically, there is a specific need to effectively train clinicians to competently utilize and be confident using this telehealth and to educate patients on necessary skills and etiquette.
Low Prevalence of Active Trachoma and Associated Factors among Children aged 1–9 years in Rural Communities of Metema District, Northwest Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ayelgn Kessete , Guadu Tadesse , Getachew Atalay
Published: March 2021

BackgroundTrachoma is an infectious disease of the eye caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and transmitted via contact with eye discharge from infected persons and leading to blindness worldwide. Children less than 9 years of age affected more seriously. The disease is common where access to water and sanitation are limited.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors among children aged 1–9 years in rural communities of Metema District, West Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia.MethodA community based cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 792 children aged 1–9 years old in Metema district from April to May 2018. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and eye examination using binocular loupe to differentiate trachoma cases was the data collection methods and tools. The bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression model was employed for analysis. P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance.ResultsA total of 752 children aged l-9 years were enrolled in this study with response rate of 94.9%. The overall prevalence of active trachoma among the study participants was 11.8% (95 % CI, 9.5–13.9). Unprotected source of water (AOR = 4.7; 95% CI: 2.5–8.9), lower household water consumption (AOR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.3-6.0), improper latrine utilization (AOR = 3.2; 95% CI: 1.5–6.7), and frequency of face washing once per day (AOR = 5.3; 95% CI: 1.2–26.6) were the factors significantly associated with active trachoma.ConclusionThe current study revealed a lower overall prevalence of active trachoma (11.8%) than the WHO threshold prevalence (20%) used to declare it as a severe public health problem. All residents and health professional should collaborate on trachoma prevention by implementing the WHO SAFE strategy- surgery for trichiasis, antibiotics, facial cleanliness and environmental improvement for further trachoma elimination.
Mathematical analysis of the effect of portal vein cells on biliary epithelial cell differentiation through the Delta-Notch signaling pathway
Authors: Yoshihara Masaharu , Nishino Teppei , Yadav Manoj Kumar , Kuno Akihiro , Nagata Takeshi , Ando Hiroyasu , Takahashi Satoru
Published: March 2021

Objective: The Delta-Notch signaling pathway induces the differentiation of initially homogeneous progenitor cells in many biological contexts. A mathematical modeling of this signaling pathway on Drosophila wing vein differentiation suggested the importance of synthesis rate of components of this signaling pathway. The epithelial differentiation of bile ducts in the developing liver is unique in that portal vein smooth muscle cells express extremely high amount of Delta ligands and act as a disturbance. In the present study, the importance of synthesis rate of Delta ligands and Notch receptors is mathematically examined using the model for Drosophila wing vein differentiation. Results: The epithelial differentiation was dependent on the synthesis rate of Delta ligands and Notch receptors as far as examined. This result supports the importance of synthesis rate in Delta-Notch signaling pathway components in a disturbance-dependent context as well.
Secondary school Year Advisors’ perspectives on their role, responsibilities and training needs for student mental health: Insights from a co-design workshop
Authors: O'Dea Bridianne , Anderson Melissa , Subotic-Kerry Mirjana , Parker Belinda
Published: March 2021

Anxiety and depression commonly emerge during adolescence and secondary schools are well placed to recognise deteriorations in young people’s mental health. In Australian secondary schools, Year Advisors (or year co-ordinators), have been identified as key teaching staff for assisting students with their mental health and facilitating help-seeking. However, there is little understanding of the responsibilities of this role and the mental health training needs of these educators. In December 2017, 12 secondary school Year Advisors from NSW, Australia, took part in a one-day co-design workshop that explored their current role in caring for student mental health and developed a resource that matched their training needs. This paper explores the insights generated from this workshop and outlines a way to engage end-users in the design of mental health training programs. The workshop attendees strongly supported the development of an adolescent mental health training program that was specific to the Year Advisor role, improved their knowledge of adolescent mental health, and developed their skills and confidence to support students in need.
Strategy teaching in business schools within different institutional and economic contexts: Evidence from Russia and the United Kingdom
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Verkhovskaya Olga R. , Klemina Tatiana N. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Aray Yulia N. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: March 2021

The article addresses the problem of including the concepts and tools of strategic management demanded by managers in the curriculum of business schools. The requirements and expectations of managers regarding the content of the courses can be taken into account when developing the curriculum, while their adaptation is possible depending on those challenges that exist in various economic and institutional contexts. The purpose of this article is to identify the expectations of managers in Russia and the United Kingdom regarding the content of courses on strategy, as well as teaching methods used in the course development process. During an empirical study, a survey was conducted among students in the Master of Business Administration program at the Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University (Russia) and the Westminster University Business School (UK). The survey was compiled taking into account the development of basic theoretical concepts and tools of strategic management as well as the teaching methods most used in the educational process of business schools in recent decades. The results of the study show that programs participants differ in their priorities of the sources of competitive advantage the methods necessary for their identification and retention, which can determine the differences in their expectations regarding the content of courses on strategy and teaching methods. The findings provide an opportunity to look at approaches to the development of strategic management courses, with regard to the requirements and expectations of students studying in various institutional and economic contexts. The results of the study make not only a practical contribution, discovering new aspects in the development of courses on strategy in business schools, but also create a theoretical contribution through the application of institutional theory in an educational context.
Reorganization of the “Peterhof ” State Museum-Reserve in the 21st century
Authors:   State Museum-Reserve “Peterhof ”, Kovrikov Roman V.
Published: March 2021

The article reveals the content of the “Peterhof ” State Museum-Reserve’s stages of modernization in 2009–2020, analyzes the effectiveness of measures developed by the management of the museum-reserve to support new areas of development, and presents the stages of transformation of a linear management system to a multi-level museum complex. The basis for the article are reports and a number of program documents from the “Peterhof ” State Museum-Reserve, made available for scientific circulation for the first time. The key document of the analysis is the Concept of Development of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Culture “State Museum- Reserve” Peterhof “for the period 2012–2016, which formulates the main theses of the museum’s transition to a strategic planning system. Along with the preservation of traditional museum functions, in the practical activities of the Peterhof State Museum-Reserve special attention is paid to the innovations introduced in museum practices of the 21st century: creating a museum management system and museum policy in general, a system of external museum communications, a museum positioning system and organizing sustainable interaction with visitors. Relevant components of the concept “image of a modern museum-reserve” are revealed, which correlate with the practical activities of the departments and divisions of the museum under analysis. The author proposes and substantiates an innovative system of continuous visitor support, in which it becomes possible to effectively manage the interaction of the museum and the visitor. The most important economic result of the modernization of the museum-reserve is the formation of effective mechanisms that improve the work of the museum in the conditions of market relations and allow for the establishment of a stable system of interaction with visitors. The presented experience of the Peterhof State Museum-Reserve can become a guide for Russian regional museums-reserves when choosing directions for the development of museum complexes.
Museums of a “manufacturing type” in the USSR: Emergence, experience and liquidation. The history of museum development in the USSR in the 1920s–1930s
Authors:   Museum-estate “Kuskovo”, Zubanova Nadezda A.
Published: March 2021

The article examines the experience of the museums of a “manufacturing type” that appeared in Soviet Russia in the 1920s. References to the existence of such museums are repeatedly found in official reports, museums’ documentation and periodicals of those years. At the same time, we note that up to now there is no definition of this type of museum in the national historiography of the history of museums. The reference to the experience of their work remains on the periphery of the research interest. The article explores the example of two Moscow’s museums — the Museum of Porcelain and the Museum of Furniture — to describe the history of the creation of museums, to find out the socio-cultural factors that contributed to their formation as a “manufacturing type” museums, and to analyze the reasons that led to the closure (in the case of the Museum of Furniture) or a change of their profile. The emergence and activity of manufacturing museums was associated with a special historical moment — the time of the active creation of the Soviet museum network and experiments in the field of museum business. If earlier museums in their activities were focused on storage and scientific functions, then at the new historical stage the role of museums in society was rethought: the educational functions were placed at the forefront of their activities. At this time, there was still the opportunity to implement certain creative experiments. In the activities of “manufacturing museums”, such types of museum work with a visitor were already successfully practiced and some approaches in expositional activities that were relevant in modern museology and in demand by modern museum institutions were implemented.
A modest artist’s place in history: The legacy of Mikhail Gurevich in the Smolensk gallery
Authors:   Smolensk State Institute of Arts, Pushenkova Sofiya A. , Khakimulina Olga N. ,   Smolensk State Institute of Arts
Published: March 2021

The article is a study conducted in the framework of the scientific interests of the author: the study of the history and theory of the Russian avant-garde in the Smolensk region. The purpose of this study is to draw attention to the problem of the low level of knowledge of the avant-garde heritage in the Smolensk region through the analysis of current events in the museum and exhibition environment. The article discusses the exhibition “MG /Humble Artist/”, held in the Art Gallery of Smolensk in February-March 2020. M. G. are the initials of the artist Mikhail Gurevich who was born in Smolensk. Gurevich was a student of the famous David Shterenberg, one of his best graduates and a representative of the creative galaxy of artists — graduates of the Higher Art and Technical Institute. In addition to the analysis of the features of Gurevich’s work, the role of the artist’s work in the cultural process of the USSR in the 1930s is evaluated. The author also provides clarifications concerning the artist’s biography. The heritage of the Russian avant-garde is an important component of the cultural heritage of Russia and has great potential in the tourism sector. The work of the avant-garde era in the regions is often not given due attention, but fortunately, this trend has changed in the last few years. Research of this type will make it possible in the future to expand the knowledge base on the history of Russian art, as well as expand the scope of scientific research in museums by creating new exhibits. Therefore, support for research on the work of regional artists of the avant-garde era, and coverage of events and activities that are the results of these studies, is very important.
PENGARUH SERAT BAJA (DRAMIX) TERHADAP KUAT LENTUR PADA ROLLER COMPACTED CONCRETE (RCC)
Authors: Dwi Sampurno Adita , Satyarno Iman , Taufik Mulyono Agus
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTRigid pavement for highways in Indonesia started as an alternative for road pavement. Roller compacted concrete (RCC) is one type of dry concrete mixture with low water cement ratio (slump <5 cm). The RCC spreading is the same as the asphalt concrete pavement that uses the finisher and is compacted using a roller. This research uses RCC mix design with cement water factor value 0,25. Additional silicafume materials of 10%, superplasticizer 2.4%, and steel fiber (dramix) with variations of 0.5% and 1%. RCC Compaction using standard proctor tools. Testing of bending forces and compression of concrete in 1 day and 28 days. The result of research of RCC variation of 0.5% steel fiber and 1 day old concrete obtained Flexural Strength of 4,2 MPa while 28 days concrete gained Flexural Strength of 5,7 MPa. The variation of 1% steel fiber 1 day concrete obtained 3.4 MPa Flexural Strength, while the 28 days  concrete obtained 6.1 MPa Flexural Strength.Keywords: Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC), Steel Fiber (dramix), Flexural Strength ABSTRAKPerkerasan kaku di Indonesia semakin banyak digunakan sebagai alternatif perkerasan jalan raya. Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) atau beton padat giling (BPG) merupakan salah satu jenis campuran beton kering dengan faktor air semen (FAS) yang rendah (slump <5 cm). Penghamparan RCC sama seperti penghamparan perkerasan beton aspal yang menggunakan finisher dan dipadatkan menggunakan roller. Kajian ini menggunakan mix design RCC dengan nilai faktor air semen 0,25. Bahan tambah silicafume sebesar 10%, superplasticizer 2,4%, dan serat baja (dramix) dengan variasi 0,5% dan 1%. Pemadatan RCC menggunakan alat standar proctor. Pengujian kuat lentur pada beton umur 1 hari dan 28 hari. Hasil kajian RCC variasi serat baja 0,5% beton umur 1 hari diperoleh kuat lentur 4,2 MPa, sedangkan beton umur 28 hari diperoleh kuat lentur 5,7 MPa. Variasi serat baja 1% beton umur 1 hari diperoleh kuat lentur 3,4 MPa, sedangkan beton umur 28 hari diperoleh kuat lentur 6,1 MPa. Kata kunci: Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC), Beton Padat Giling (BPG), Serat baja (dramix), Kuat lentur
KAJIAN TERHADAP AKSESIBILITAS FISIK BAGI TUNANETRA DAN TUNADAKSA DI GEDUNG LPPMP UNY
Authors: Sativa Sativa , Bactiar Yasika Barra
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKKajian tentang aksesibilitas berkaitan erat dengan fungsi ruang, akses menuju ruang, elemen bangunan dan seting komponen. Paper ini akan menjelaskan bagaimana kemampuan fasilitas fisik di Kampus Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta dalam mengakomodasi kebutuhan penyandang disabilitas. Evaluasi ini difokuskan pada Gedung Lembaga Pengembangan dan Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan (LPPMP) UNY. Kajian ini merupakan kajian deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data  dilakukan dengan observasi bangunan dan  pengukuran pada elemen sarana aksesibilitas. Pengelompokan data dibuat berdasarkan elemen aksesibilitas yang setipe.  Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara mengkomparasikan dengan standar perencanaan bangunan aksesibel yang telah ditetapkan oleh Kementrian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat (PUPR). Hasil dari kajian evaluasi didapatkan bahwa aksesibilitas tunanetra 70,86%, dan aksesibilitas tunadaksa 75,115%. Nilai 70,86% menunjukkan aksesibilitas tunanetra masuk dalam kategori “tidak andal”, sementara 75,115% menunjukkan aksesibilitas tunadaksa masuk dalam kategori “kurang andal”. Hasil studi ini dapat menjadi referensi  untuk pengembangan bangunan LPPMP maupun fasilitas fisik lain di lingkungan UNY yang lebih ramah difabel  ke depan.. Kata Kunci: aksesibilitas, disabilitas, LPPMP UNY  ABSTRACTStudy on accessibility is closely related to space functions, access to spaces, building elements, and component settings. The paper explained the ability of Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (UNY) infrastructure  to accommodate the needs of disabilities. This paper was focused on the LPPMP (Lembaga Pengembangan dan Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan) Building UNY. This study used descriptive quantitative method. The data were collected by building observations, and measurements on accessibility elements. Grouping data was managed based on elements with typical forms. Data analysis was done by comparing with accessible building planning standards established by the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR). The results of the evaluation study found that accessibility for the blind and low vision people was 70.86% (indicates that accessibility is not reliable), and accessibility for orthopedically handicapped was 75.115% (indicates that the accessibility is less reliable). The result of this research is important to be a reference in development of LPPMP building and other infrastructure in UNY in the next, especially in order to be disability friendly campus building Keyword: accessibility, disability, LPPMP UNY
PERANCANGAN FONDASI GEDUNG TEMPORARY EVACUATION SHELTER (TES) TSUNAMI DAN GEMPA
Authors: Nisa Mitsaq Addina , Satyarno Iman , Hardiyatmo Hary Christady
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKTemporary Evacuation Shelter (TES) didefinisikan sebagai bangunan yang berfungsi untuk tempat tujuan evakuasi. TES disebut juga bangunan penyelamatan dan perlindungan vertikal. Selain fungsi utama TES sebagai tempat evakuasi saat terjadi bencana gempa maupun tsunami, TES diharapkan mempunyai fungsi sekunder, yaitu sebagai fasilitas umum seperti tempat rekreasi, sekolah, tempat ibadah, dan lain-lain. TES dengan konstruksi yang kuat diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif mitigasi untuk menekan korban jiwa akibat bencana gempa dan tsunami. Untuk memastikan ketahanan dan kekuatan struktur TES, perlu dilakukan evaluasi struktur fondasi dengan memperhatikan kondisi tanah dan potensi-potensi kerusakan di sekitar lokasi, yaitu likuifaksi dan scouring. Kemudian dilakukan permodelan untuk mengetahui apakah fondasi yang direncanakan mampu menahan beban-beban yang terjadi pada bangunan dan fondasi. Kata kunci: Temporary Evacuation Shelter, vertical evacuation, fondasi, Plaxis 2D, SAP2000, Response 2000 ABSTRACTTemporary Evacuation Shelter (TES) is defined as a building used for evacuation facilities. It is also referred to as a vertical evacuation building. In addition to the main function of TES as an evacuation site during an earthquake or tsunami, TES also has a secondary function, namely as public facilities such as recreation areas, schools, places of worship, and others. A well-constructed TES is expected to be an alternative mitigation to reduce damage and casualties due to earthquakes and tsunamis. To ensure the durability and strength of the TES structure, it is necessary to evaluate the foundation structure by checking soil conditions and potential structural failures around the site, namely liquefaction and scouring. The TES substructure is modeled to see whether the design foundation can withstand the loads that occurred to the building and foundations. Keywords: Temporary Evacuation Shelter, vertical evacuation, foundation, Plaxis 2D, SAP2000, Response 2000.
The Role of Nanochitosan on the Expression of Rice Resistance Genes against Bacterial Leaf Blight
Authors: Siswanti Siswanti , Joko Tri , Subandiyah Siti
Published: March 2021

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) has been reported to cause ± 20–50% of rice yield loss around the world. Resistant varieties are used to control this disease, however due to rapid evolution of this pathogen, the resistances was broken down in a few years. This study is aimed to determine the role of nanochitosan in the expression of rice Xa21 and Xa1 resistant genes against Xoo. The BLB susceptible rice cultivar IR64, the Xoo isolate MAG2 and a 0.065% concentration of nanochitosan were used in this experiment. Application of nanochitosan was carried out within 1-week intervals starting at rice aged 2–10 weeks after transplanting. The expression of Xa21 and Xa1 genes against Xoo were analyzed using conventional PCR and qPCR methods at 0 and 4 days after Xoo inoculation followed by 4x scoring of disease symptoms in 1-week interval. The treatments used in this study included the mock one/inoculated with sterile distilled water, K (+)/ plants inoculated with Xoo, CNP (-)/ with nanochitosan and sterile distilled water inoculation, and CNP (+)/ with nanochitosan and Xoo inoculation. The results showed that the 0.0065% concentration nanochitosan application was able to increase the expression of Xa21 and Xa1 genes on CNP (-). Disease intensity and AUDPC values did not show any significant difference between K (+) and CNP (+). This study concluded that nanochitosan at 0.065% was able to increase the expression of rice Xa21 and Xa1 resistance genes. However, the gene expression was not able to significantly suppress the infection development of Xoo.
A DIMENSÃO EDUCATIVA E O FAZER PEDAGÓGICO NO MOVIMENTO DOS TRABALHADORES RURAIS SEM TERRA
Authors: Bicalho Ramofly
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo é fruto das pesquisas realizadas em educação popular na sua estreita articulação com os movimentos sociais, tendo a colaboração do Programa de Educação Tutorial – PET Educação do Campo e Movimentos Sociais, da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). Tem como objetivo central apresentar reflexões realizadas nos últimos anos acerca da dimensão educativa e o fazer pedagógico no contexto do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), a formação dos educadores populares e sua participação enquanto seres históricos e culturais. Utilizamos, predominantemente, a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, em especial, os Cadernos e as Cartilhas do MST. Concluímos que a educação popular, como práxis libertadora, é utilizada no processo de compreensão das lutas e demandas educacionais defendida pelo MST. Ela dialoga com os gestos, desejos, valores e a luta pela reforma agrária popular.
UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES/AS DE GEOGRAFIA COM O USO DAS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS
Authors: Junior Luiz Martins , Martins Rosa Elisabete Militz Wypyczynski
Published: March 2021

Este artigo objetiva apresentar uma proposta pedagógica desenvolvida em um projeto de formação continuada com os/as professores/as de uma rede de ensino municipal localizada em Santa Catarina, em 2019, que teve como foco explorar as interfaces do aplicativo intitulado Fábrica de Aplicativos como uma experiência que movimentou propostas e práticas para o ensino de Geografia dos anos finais do ensino fundamental. Como procedimento metodológico, apoiou-se nas interfaces do aplicativo, envolvendo vinte e três professores/as de Geografia. Como resultado, tal encontro mobilizou experimentações e saberes pedagógicos por meio do uso das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação, e oportunizou pensar e planejar outras possibilidades de trabalhar a educação geográfica em sala de aula.
ENSURING FOOD SECURITY OF THE BORDER REGION
Authors:   Yu.A. Vasina Amur State University, Vasina Yu.A. , Kozhanova I.A. ,   I.A. Kozhanova Amur State University, Lazareva V.V. ,   V.V. Lazareva Amur State University
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the level of food security in the border region. The results obtained indicate a decrease in the role of agricultural enterprises in providing the population with food, due to their specialization in the production of soybeans. A significant share of agricultural products produced falls on private household plots, which are characterized by low marketability. Based on the results of the analysis, promising directions for ensuring food security in the region have been identified
DEVELOPMENT OF A COSTS REDUCTION STRATEGY IN THE HOTEL COSMOS LLC
Authors:   D.V. Serzhantova Amur State University, Serzhantova D.V. , Vasilieva A.V. ,   A.V. Vasilieva Amur State University
Published: March 2021

The article developed a strategy for reducing the costs of the hotel «Cosmos». Also, an analysis of the internal and external environment was carried out to find opportunities and take measures to reduce hotel costs
RUSSIA'S TAXATION AND FISCAL POLICY MEASURES IN ATTRACTING INVESTMENT FROM DEVELOPED COUNTRIES AND INDUSTRIAL CHAIN TRANSFER AND THEIR ENGLIGHTENMENT TO US
Authors:   CHUNMING YOU  Heihe University, YOU CHUNMING
Published: March 2021

Recently, some developed countries have proposed to move their physical industries away from China and back to the local area. Some people are concerned that the de-sinicization of the global industrial chain may increase after the epidemic subsides, which will seriously hinder the recovery of the Chinese economy and the global economy.