bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
State Register of Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Real Property as it Stands
Authors: Zarakhovskyi Oleksandr
Published: July 2019

The aim of the study is to investigate the current state of registration and list of cultural heritage real property of our country. The methodology of the research consists in a historical analysis of the chronology of the lists of protected monuments in Ukraine; methods of reviewing, systematizing and comparing the registers of monuments were also used. The scientific novelty consists in revealing the real condition of the state registration of cultural heritage real property of Ukraine. Conclusions. It is established that today there is no complete, general and official register of cultural heritage real property of Ukraine, which considerably complicates the processes of research, preservation, popularization and use of objects of cultural heritage in tourism. State register of real estate monuments of Ukraine – the main official list of Ukrainian cultural heritage objects – is incomplete and unfinished; including historical and cultural objects on the register often depends on the change of the political and ideological system. Currently, the most comprehensive register of cultural heritage real property of Ukraine is the only public electronic register of historical and cultural monuments of Ukraine, created by the Public organization “Wikimedia Ukraine”.
The Main Directions of Research into Culinary Traditions in the Works of Foreign Scientists in the 19th – 21st Century: Culturological Dimension
Authors: Kobzar Maryna
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the article is to highlight the main directions of research into culinary traditions, which was based on the works of foreign scientists in the 19th – the beginning of the 21st century. The research methodology consisted in the combination of the following methods: historical-comparative, biographical, logical-analytical, diachronic, and the method of synthesis. The scientific novelty of the work lies in distinguishing different approaches to understanding culinary traditions in the context of culturological analysis, which provided an opportunity to monitor the changes of accents in the consideration of the subject matter on the way from historical, cultural and ethnographic researches to its modern culturological studying. Conclusions. It was revealed that in the second half of the 19th century food was considered as a component of a certain investigated national culture mainly in a historical and cultural or ethnographic context. In the first third of the 20th century the gastronomic code started to be investigated by scientists as an important part of new problematics of scientific interest – everyday culture. In the second half of the 20th century, with culturology obtaining the status of the field with pretense for being a metascience, the works appeared in which the achievements of other sciences were synthesized. In particular, the food phenomenon went beyond household or everyday culture, gaining common cultural value and symbolic content. In the works of the beginning of the 21st century scientists have focused their attention on the new level of culturological generalization and interpretation of the food phenomenon in the field of globalization, semiological or local and cultural research.
Reading as a Component in Shaping the Culture of Modern Youth
Authors: Prokopenko Liudmyla
Published: July 2019

The aim of the article is to identify the readership interests of students, literary preferences that shape their worldview and general culture in the modern information environment.
Research methods. The research applied methods of scientific knowledge: logical-analytical, observation, empirical-theoretical, descriptive, and generalization.
Conclusions. As a result of the study, a cultural analysis of the youth`s readership interests and the impact of reading on their worldview have been made. Despite the advantages of modern innovative technologies, reading remains an integral part of shaping the culture of modern youth, meeting educational and informational needs. The development of the reading culture depends on the readers competence, the understanding of the read content, the motivation to read. Youth`s interest in the literature of psychological, psychoanalytic, and motivational content, which contributes to internal formation, self-confidence, self-affirmation, is a guarantee of the further formation of the moral values of the person. Despite the information flows that shape the influence of the mass audience, its information dependence, the book remains the leading constant in culture and is an intellectual and material component of societys life, and the shaping of readership interest is an element of the reading culture.
Cultural Aspect of Foreign Languages Teaching for Higher Educational Establishments Students
Authors: Sarnovska Nataliia
Published: July 2019

The aim of the study is to examine cultural aspect of foreign languages teaching for higher educational establishment’s students and analyze new approaches of its organizing in contemporary theory and practice as well as to study and emphasize its cultural features and mechanisms. Methods of research include critical analyses of literature on the subject of research, containing a retrospective study of home and foreign experience, which allows to summarize and to formulate the basic teaching methods taking into account cultural approach. The scientific novelty consists of a comprehensive consideration of peculiarities of foreign languages culture process learning through foreign language.
Conclusions. It has been proved that one of the main objectives of foreign language teaching is social-cultural development of learners’ personality. And cultural approach in foreign language teaching prepare them to intercultural communication, that in its turn means acquaintance of students with culture of the countries of the target language, promotes students’ formation of respect for other cultures and peoples, readiness to business cooperation and mutual support, joint solving of universal problems.
No Way in Times Gone by, but Quest for… Integrated Nation Being under New Circumstances
Authors: Horban Yurii
Published: July 2019

Recently, the object of scientific research has become the culture, spiritual life and way of life of the people. Folk culture is interesting for its originality and uniqueness. Speaking about Ukrainian customs, culture, and traditions, it is important to understand that these are not ingrained habits, a system of practical and social activities, but the national heritage, folk culture, which is passed down from generation to generation. passed down from generation to generation. This is a characteristic feature that distinguishes the the Ukrainian people among others, a feature that allows us to remember and feel that we are part of a great nation. By remembering and preserving traditions, a person receives the age-old support of his or her people and proper support.
İDARİ REFORMUN YÜZ YILI: TÜRK KAMU YÖNETİMİ REFORMLARININ KARAR VERME YAKLAŞIMLARI ÇERÇEVESİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: GÖÇOĞLU Volkan , KURT İpek Didem , ÖKTEM M. Kemal
Published: July 2019

Tüm yönetim sistemleri gibi kamu yönetimi de kendini çevre ve koşullara uygun olarak yenilemeyi ve güncellemeyi hedeflemektedir. Türk Kamu Yönetimi,  Cumhuriyetin ilanından bu yana çok sayıda idari reformun öznesi olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Türk Kamu Yönetiminin yüzyılında yapılan idari reform çalışmalarını dönemsel olarak ele almakta ve bu çalışmaları, kamu yönetimi alan yazınında önemli bir çalışma konusu olan karar verme yaklaşımları çerçevesinde değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, söz konusu idari reform çalışmalarının karar verme yaklaşımları içerisindeki yönelimlerine dair büyük resim görülmeye çabalanmakta ve gelecekte yapılacak idari reform çalışmalarının bu çerçevedeki olası yönelimlerine dair öngörülerde bulunulmaktadır.
МУЛЬТИСЕНСОРНАЯ КАМЕРА ДЛЯ СПЕКТРАЛЬНЫХ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ НА ПРИБОРАХ С ЗАРЯДОВОЙ СВЯЗЬЮ ЛИНЕЙНОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ
Authors: Егоров Анатолий Данилович , Егоров Вадим Анатольевич , Егоров Сергей Анатольевич , Синельников Игорь Ентович , Бабаков Михаил Федорович
Published: July 2019

The subject matter of the publication is the improvement of equipment and methods of atomic emission spectral analysis for use in laboratory and industrial practice. The goal is the author's development of a multisensor camera for recording optical spectra based on TCD1304AP TOSHIBA type TCD1304AP devices and research methods. The tasks to be solved are: developing and creating a multisensor optical spectra registration camera suitable for use in laboratory and workshop conditions working in conjunction with industry-issued spectrographs of various optical schemes, as well as developing methods for controlling temperature and linearity of the light-transmitting signal characteristics. The following results were obtained: The development of a multisensory spectral camera. Disclosed circuit design and design features of the developed camera. The used hardware and functional diagram are described. The light-signal characteristic of photodetectors has been studied in conjunction with the problems of spectral analysis. Experimental studies of the dark current and nonlinearities of the transfer function of the detector have been performed. Several methods for determining the temperature of a photodetector without the use of special thermal sensors are presented. A method for estimating nonlinearities according to the feasibility of the law of reciprocity of the spectral line brightness and the duration of exposure is given. The expediency of using the law of reciprocity for estimation the linearity of the light-signal transfer function of photodetectors are shown. Conclusions. As the result of comparing studies of other authors with our works, the violation of the law of reciprocity of the spectral line brightness and the duration of exposure was discovered not only at high but also at low signal levels. The reasons for deviations from the linearity of the light-signal characteristics at low levels of illumination are revealed. The methods of dealing with blooming when registering strong lines are proposed. The developed equipment and research results are used by the authors in laboratory practice at several industrial enterprises in Ukraine
Penilaian 5s Pada Lantai Produksi Pabrik Kelapa Sawit di Aceh Tamiang
Authors: Anizar  , Simbolon Benny R
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa penerapan 5S pada pabrik kelapa sawit di Aceh Tamiang yang mengelola crude palm oil(CPO) dan kernel dari tandan buah segar (TBS). Kondisi lingkungan kerja pada lantai produksi pabrik kelapa sawit tersebut kurang bersih dan tidak tertata dengan rapi. Terdapatnya tumpukan limbah, genangan air di lantai, peralatan yang tidak tersusun dan tumpukan sampah menyebabkan operator kurang leluasa untuk beraktifitas sehingga berpengaruh terhadap efisiensiwaktu produksi. Metode yang dipergunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut adalahmelakukan penilaian 5S meliputi Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu Dan Shitsuke. Penilaian dilakukan dengan pengamatan langsung ke lantai produksi, membuat lembaran check list yang berisi butir pertanyaan untuk ditanyakan kepada pekerja, mengisi lembaran scoring, membuat catatan temuan, dan menentukan kriteria terhadap evaluasi penerapan 5S. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa 5S belum diterapkan sepenuhnya pada lantai produksi pabrik. Seiri mendapat nilai cukup baik Sedangkan Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke mendapat nilai yang buruk. Perbaikan dapat dilakukan dengan memberi label pada barang, menentukan tanggung jawab kebersihan dan inspeksi, membuat visual display, dan memberi pelatihan 5S kepada pekerja.

 

This study aims to analyze the 5S implementation of a palm oil mill in Aceh Tamiang that manages crude palm oil (CPO) and kernels from fresh fruit bunches (FFB). The working environment on the palm oil mill's production floor is not clean and not neatly arranged. There is a pile of waste, puddles on the floor, equipment that is not arranged and a pile of rubbish, causing operators to be less flexible in their activities, which affects the efficiency of production time. The method used to solve this problem is to carry out 5S assessments including Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu and Shitsuke. Assessment is carried out by observing directly to the production floor, making a check list sheet containing questions to be asked to workers, filling out scoring sheets, making notes of findings, and determining criteria for evaluating 5S implementation. The results of the observations indicate that 5S has not been fully implemented on the factory production floor. Seiri gets a pretty good score While Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke get bad grades. Improvements can be made by labeling goods, determining cleaning and inspection responsibilities, making visual displays, and providing 5S training to workers.
The Global Adoption of Industrialised Building System (IBS): Lessons Learned
Authors: Latef bin Alhadri Abdul , bin Ramle Muhamad Rozaimi
Published: July 2019

The introduction of Quranic and Fardhu Ain courses (Kelas Al-Quran dan Fardhu Ain (KAFA) by the Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM) is an effort to produce a generation that is moulded by the teachings of Al-Quran and Al-Sunnah. However, there are specific ḥadīths quoted in the textbook that require further attentive verification. This study seeks to verify the status of the ḥadīth mentioned in the ‘Aqīdah textbook in the eyes of the Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah scholars. This is because ‘Aqīda his the most important subject in Islamic studies.This research is a qualitative research which uses data analysis method, where allthe data and information obtained will be analysed using descriptive method. The method of takhrijal-ḥādīth will be applied to verify the status of the ḥadīths. This study reveals that there are six ḥadīths mentioned in the ‘Aqīdah textbook and the status of 3 of them are problematic. The origin of one of these ḥadīths isunknown while two of them are not properly narrated. This study also suggests the establishment of a committee or panel that is comprised of ḥadīth scholars/experts from the local universities in order to makesureall ḥādīths mentioned in the textbooks would adhere to the prescribed standards.
Playing with Possibilities: Drama and Core French in the Montessori Elementary Classroom in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Göksel Eva
Published: July 2019

French as a Second Language (FSL) is not often a popular subject among Canadian elementary and high school students. Negative attitudes and low motivation for learning French contribute to attrition at the high school level. In this article, an alternative teaching approach is applied to the Canadian FSL context at the elementary school level in the province of British Columbia. This action research study conducted in 2010 investigated the outcomes of using a drama-based approach to instruct Core French to 12 year-old students at a Montessori elementary (public) school in British Columbia, Canada. Ten students worked with a teacher/researcher twice a week over a six-week period, using drama strategies and improvisational activities to practice and improve their French language and literacy skills. The use of drama strategies proved motivational for the students who participated with enthusiasm and expressed a desire to continue learning French through drama. The action research approach allowed the students a greater degree of autonomy as their feedback was used to develop lesson content. Engagement in their own learning contributed to improved student attitudes towards attending French class. Ways of further implementing this teaching approach in elementary classrooms needs to be the subject of future research.
Mentz, Olivier & Fleiner, Micha (eds.) (2018): The Arts in Language Teaching: International Perspectives: Performative – Aesthetic – Transversal. LIT Verlag: Zürich
Authors: Layton James
Published: July 2019

The Arts in Language Teaching: International Perspectives: Performative – Aesthetic – Transversal is an engaging collection of essays exploring the established and emerging dialogues between language teaching and performativity. In bringing together language pedagogy and the performing arts, the editors Olivier Mentz and Micha Fleiner demonstrate there is much to learn from integrating the two disciplines. In the opening chapter – Performativity, Learning and Aesthetic Education - Mike Fleming explores the tensions between learning goals and aesthetic outcomes. In doing so, Fleming discusses notions of learning in and learning through the art of drama; the inclusivity of the latter being a natural way for drama to be used in language teaching. Despite the idea of learning in being often rejected as a narrow and traditionalist approach in which aesthetic goals are privileged above all else, Fleming suggests that there is much to be gained from engaging with drama (art for art’s sake) as an art form on a deeper level. He argues that the common use of role play in language teaching is limited in scope and, by adding depth to a role play (e.g. considering a character’s motivations), a deeper (rather than surface) learning experience emerges. If learning in ...
Piazzoli, Erika (2018): Embodying Language in Action. The Artistry of Process Drama in Second Language Education. London: Palgrave Macmillan
Authors: Schewe Manfred
Published: July 2019

Let’s start with the image on the book cover which is placed between the author’s name and the book title. It immediately grabs our attention, shows how eight adult individuals bodily connect and create a beautiful shape that looks like a flower, or rather a flower in full bloom. Is the shape that has been created by these individuals (movement artists?) the result of excellent choreography? The ‘embodiment image’ prepares the reader for the main focus of Erika Piazzoli’s monograph (367 pages): the aesthetic dimension of foreign language teaching and learning. Reflecting on “What is ‘Artistry’ and Why Do We Need It in Second Language Education?” in Chapter 1, she then continues to address the aesthetic dimension in three parts: In Part I (chapters 2-5) she engages with “Key Definitions in the Aesthetic Dimension”; Part II (chapters 6-8) deals with aspects of “Navigating the Aesthetic Dimension”; Part III (chapters 9-12) centres on “Researching the Aesthetic Dimension”. In these twelve chapters the author deals with a broad range of theoretical perspectives, including second language education, sociocultural theory, neuroscience and art history. This review highlights some aspects of this impressive monograph by concentrating on keywords which are captured in its title: process ...
The Performative Arts and Pedagogy Project – Towards the Development of an International Glossary
Authors: Woodhouse Fionn
Published: July 2019

On the morning of 1st March 2019 a group of 22 people representing 5 different countries (Austria, Germany, Ireland, Switzerland, & the U.K.), gathered in the lively surroundings of the Creative Zone in Boole Library, University College Cork, with the express aim of developing a deeper understanding of the discipline-specific knowledge bases, ideas, and operational concepts associated with Performative Arts and Pedagogy. Through a range of working methods including discussion, group work, guest lecture and workshop the conference facilitated a systematic interdisciplinary and intercultural exchange working towards an increased awareness of (culture-)specific concepts and associated terminologies. Over the course of the 2 days these activities led to an heightened appreciation of variants, differences and similarities and paved the way towards the development of transcultural performative practices. This conference is a result of a number of meetings, initiated by the Bundesarbeitsgemeinschaft Spiel & Theater e.V., which took place in Berlin focusing on the need to engage with historical, current and future developments in the broad area of ‘Performative Arts and Pedagogy’. Also a panel discussion entitled ‘What Exactly is an Apple Pie?’ as part of the 4th Scenario Forum Symposium ‘Towards a Teaching, Learning, and Research Culture’ further highlighted the range ...
Tools to facilitate communication during physician‐patient consultations in cancer care: An overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Licqurish Sharon M. , Cook Olivia Y. , Pattuwage Loyal P. , Saunders Christobel , Jefford Michael , Koczwara Bogda , Johnson Claire E. , Emery Jon D.
Published: July 2019

Tools have been developed to facilitate communication and support information exchange between people diagnosed with cancer and their physicians. Patient‐reported outcome measures, question prompt lists, patient‐held records, tape recordings of consultations, decision aids, and survivorship care plans have all been promoted as potential tools, and there is extensive literature exploring their impact on patient outcomes. Eleven systematic reviews of studies evaluating tools to facilitate patient‐physician communication were reviewed and summarized in this overview of systematic reviews. Across the systematic reviews, 87 publications reported on 84 primary studies involving 15,381 participants. Routine use of patient‐reported outcome measures and feedback of results to clinicians can improve pain management, physician‐patient communication, and symptom detection and control; increase utilization of supportive care; and increase patient involvement in care. Question prompt lists can increase the number of questions asked by patients without increasing consultation length and may encourage them to reflect and plan questions before the consultation. There is limited benefit in audio recording consultations or using patient‐held records during consultations. Physicians should be supported by adequately resourced health services to respond effectively to the range of clinical and broader patient needs identified through the routine use of tools to facilitate communication.
Late Prof. Dr. Wahiduddin Ahmed
Authors: Choudhury Jamilur Reza
Published: July 2019

Abstract not available

Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 1, 2019
Effects of Salinity on the Growth and Development of Groundnut PlANT (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Satu Shaila Islam , Mansora - , Ahmad Shahrear
Published: July 2019

The present study investigated the effects of salinity on the growth of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.), variety BARI Badam-8. The plants were grown in a series of plastic pots under controlled light and temperature conditions in the growth room. Salt (NaCl) solutions of different concentrations (0 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM, 150 mM, 200 mM, and 250 mM) were added to the pots, with three replicates. Results showed that shoot height, number of plants, main root length and lateral root length significantly decreased with the increase of salt concentrations. Fresh weight as well as dry weight of shoots and roots also decreased with the increase of salt concentrations while leaf proline and protein concentrations increased. Overall results indicate that high salinity condition is not suitable for growing groundnut.

Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 1, 25-30, 2019
A Note on the Frame-Stewart Conjecture on the Generalized Tower of Hanoi Problem
Authors: Majumdar AAK
Published: July 2019

The generalized Tower of Hanoi with p (≥ 3) pegs and n (≥ 1) discs, proposed by Stewart (1939) is well-known. To solve the problem, the scheme followed is : First, move the tower of the topmost i (smallest, consecutive) discs (optimally) to one of the auxiliary pegs in a tower, using the p pegs; next, move the remaining n – i (largest) discs (optimally) to the destination peg in a tower, using the p – 1 pegs available; and finally, transfer the discs on the auxiliary peg to the destination peg (optimally) in a tower. This is the so-called Frame-Stewart conjecture, which remains to be settled. The minimum number of moves under the scheme is denoted by SF(n, p). Chen and Shen (2004) have re-considered the Frame-Stewart conjecture in more detail, and claimed that SF(n, p) is of the order of 2 [ n ( p 2 )!] 1 / ( p 2 ). This paper gives a better lower bound of SF(n, p), which shows that the claim of Chen et al. (2004) is not correct.

Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 1, 79-83, 2019
Performa Kinerja Web Server Berbasis Ubuntu Linux Dan Turnkey Linux
Authors: Andhica Intan Yuli , Irwan Dadan
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

 

One of the most frequently used server service functions is to provide a website access service, called a web server. In this study, we use two servers with Ubuntu operating system and Turnkey Linux with its objective to compare web performance to get parameters of response time value and throughput value. The test is carried out with a request rate of 10 to 100 with 1000 and 2000 connections. Based on the results obtained, Web server which uses Ubuntu Linux is better than Turnkey Linux, it is indicated by the value of small response time which means fast response and large throughput value, and this means good. A Web server that has 1000 connections generates a response time and a good throughput value, while the 2000 number of connections generates a response time value and a reduced throughput value, it is because for more than 1000 connections can affect the speed of the system.

 

Keywords : performance, web server, response time, thoughput

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Salah satu fungsi layanan server yang sering digunakan adalah menyediakan layanan akses situs web, yang disebut sebagai web server. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan dua server dengan sistem operasi Ubuntu dan Turnkey Linux dengan tujuan  membandingkan performa kinerja web  untuk mendapatkan parameter nilai responsese time dan nilai throughput. Pengujian dilakukan dengan request rate sebanyak 10 sampai 100 dengan jumlah 1000 koneksi dan 2000 koneksi. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diperoleh bahwa Web server yang menggunakan Ubuntu Linux lebih baik dari Turnkey Linux yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai response time  kecil yang berarti response cepat dan nilai throughput besar yang berarti baik. Web server yang  memiliki jumlah 1000 koneksi menghasilkan nilai response time dan nilai throughput yang cukup baik, sedangkan jumlah 2000 koneksi menghasilkan nilai response time dan nilai throughput yang menurun karena jumlah koneksi yang lebih dari 1000 dapat mempengaruhi kecepatan sistem .     

 

Kata kunci : performa, web server, response time, throughput
Understanding Cows’ Emotions on Farm: Are Eye White and Ear Posture Reliable Indicators?
Authors: Battini Monica , Agostini Anna , Mattiello Silvana
Published: July 2019

Understanding the emotions of dairy cows is primarily important in enhancing the level of welfare and provide a better life on farm. This study explored whether eye white and ear posture can reliably contribute to interpret valence and arousal of emotions in dairy cows. The research was conducted in five Italian dairy farms. Four hundred and thirty-six photographs of cows’ heads were scored (four-level), according to the eye white and ear posture during feeding, resting, pasture, and an avoidance distance test at the feeding rack (ADF test). Eye white and ear posture were significantly correlated and influenced by the context (P = 0.001). Pasture was the most relaxing context for cows (67.8% of half-closed eyes; 77.3% ears hung down or backwards). The excitement during ADF test was high, with 44.8% of eye white being clearly visible and ears directed forwards to the approaching assessor (95.5%). Housing and management mostly influenced emotions during feeding and resting (P = 0.002 and P = 0.001, respectively): where competition for feeding places and cubicles was low, the cows showed the highest percentages of half-closed eyes and ears backwards or hung down. This research supports the use of eye white and ear posture as reliable indicators of emotions in dairy cows.
What Can We Do for Amphibians and Reptiles at Schools? Between Personal Conceptions, Conceptual Change and Students’ Pro-Environmental Attitudes
Authors: Chyleńska Zofia Anna , Rybska Eliza
Published: July 2019

Students’ conceptions and conceptual change are deeply investigated phenomena, and the results of such studies can be implemented in the didactic process. For this research, amphibians and reptiles were chosen, because they are animals which are significant for ecosystems but at the same time are often confused with each other. The goal of this study was to investigate students’ conceptions about both groups, and on the basis of the results to design a teaching sequence (TS) which could lead to conceptual and attitudinal change. Authors used questionnaires and in-depth interviews to investigate conceptions and the results of the intervention. The significant correlations show that students tend to classify animals as amphibians or reptiles according to their skin and their living environment. Students’ conceptions about animals indicate a tendency of being focused on purposefulness towards environment and evolution, and therefore can be considered an essentialist approach. The alternative conceptions did not change much after intervention, and results did not differ between age or gender groups. On the other hand, conceptions after intervention were more developed, and students asked more diverse questions about evolution and environmental protection, indicating their growing interest in these animals and attitudinal change.
Dietary Inclusion of 1,3-Butanediol Increases Dam Circulating Ketones and Increases Progeny Birth Weight
Authors: Wijesiriwardana Udani , Pluske John R. , Craig Jessica R. , Cottrell Jeremy , Dunshea Frank R.
Published: July 2019

1,3-Butanediol (BD) is a ketogenic substance that can improve piglet growth and survival and potentially increase performance in gilt progeny when provided as a dietary supplement during late gestation. Gilts (n = 77; parity 1) and sows (n = 74; parities 2 and 3) were fed either a standard commercial gestation diet or a diet supplemented with 4% BD from day 90 of gestation until farrowing. Dams fed with diets supplemented with BD had higher plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate (p = 0.01) and lower non-esterified fatty acid concentrations (p < 0.001). The percentage of progeny that were light-for-age (<1.1 kg) at birth was decreased by BD (18.2 vs. 13.5%, p < 0.006), particularly in gilts (24.0 vs. 18.3%, p < 0.034). Individual birth weights and litter weights birth weights tended to be increased by the BD diet (p = 0.085 and 0.078; respectively) although these effects were not maintained to weaning. Pre-weaning mortality was greater in gilt than in sow progeny and was not altered by dietary BD. Feeding BD in late gestation can improve birth weight, but further work is needed to see if these effects are carried through subsequent stages of growth, particularly in gilt progeny.
3D and Boundary Effects on 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography
Authors: Hung Yin-Chun , Lin Chih-Ping , Lee Chin-Tan , Weng Ko-Wei
Published: July 2019

Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is one of the most widely used geophysical methods in geological, hydrogeological, and geo-environmental investigations. Although 3D ERT is now available, 2D ERT remains state-of-the-practice due to its simplicity in fieldwork and lower space requirements. 2D ERT assumes that the ground condition is perpendicular to the survey line and outside the survey line is homogeneous. This assumption can often be violated in conditions such as geologic strikes not perpendicular to the survey line and topographic changes or buried objects near the survey line. Possible errors or artifacts in the 2D resistivity tomogram arising from violating the 2D assumption are often overlooked. This study aimed to numerically investigate the boundary effects on 2D ERT under various simplified conditions. Potential factors including resistivity contrast, depth and size of buried objects, and electrode spacing were considered for the parametric studies. The results revealed that offline geologic features may project onto the 2D tomogram to some extent, depending on the aforementioned factors. The mechanism and implications of boundary effects can be drawn from these parametric studies.
Analysis of a Mediterranean Tropical-Like Cyclone. Sensitivity to WRF Parameterizations and Horizontal Resolution
Authors: Mylonas Markos , Douvis Kostas , Polychroni Iliana , Politi Nadia , Nastos Panagiotis
Published: July 2019

Due to their rarity and intensity, Mediterranean Tropical-Like Cyclones (TLCs; also known as medicanes) have been a subject of study over the last decades and lately the interest has undoubtedly grown. The current study investigates a well-documented TLC event crossed south Sicily on November 7–8, 2014 and the added value of higher spatial horizontal resolution through a physics parameterization sensitivity analysis. For this purpose, Weather Research and Forecasting model (version 3.9) is used to dynamically downscale ECMWF Re-Analysis (version 5) (ERA5) reanalysis 31 km spatial resolution to 16 km and 4 km, as parent and inner domain, respectively. In order to increase the variability and disparity of the results, spectral nudging was implemented on both domains and the outputs were compared against satellite observations and ground-based stations. Although, the study produces mixed results, there is a clear indication that the increase of resolution benefits specific aspects of the cyclone, while it deteriorates others, based on both ground and upper air analyses. The sensitivity of the parent domain displays an overall weak variability while the simulations demonstrate a positive time-lag predicting a less symmetric cyclone with weak warm core. On the contrary, inner domain analysis shows stronger variability between the model simulations reproducing more distinct clear tropical characteristics with less delayed TLC development for most of the experiments.
A Systematic Review on the Possible Relationship Between Bilingualism, Cognitive Decline, and the Onset of Dementia
Authors: Van den Noort Maurits , Vermeire Katrien , Bosch Peggy , Staudte Heike , Krajenbrink Trudy , Jaswetz Lars , Struys Esli , Yeo Sujung , Barisch Pia , Perriard Benoît , Lee Sook-Hyun , Lim Sabina
Published: July 2019

A systematic review was conducted to investigate whether bilingualism has a protective effect against cognitive decline in aging and can protect against dementia. We searched the Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and ERIC databases with a cut-off date of 31 March 2019, thereby following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocol. Our search resulted in 34 eligible studies. Mixed results were found with respect to the protective effect of bilingualism against cognitive decline. Several studies showed a protective effect whereas other studies failed to find it. Moreover, evidence for a delay of the onset of dementia of between 4 and 5.5 years in bilingual individuals compared to monolinguals was found in several studies, but not in all. Methodological differences in the set-up of the studies seem to explain these mixed results. Lifelong bilingualism is a complex individual process, and many factors seem to influence this and need to be further investigated. This can be best achieved through large longitudinal studies with objective behavioral and neuroimaging measurements. In conclusion, although some evidence was found for a cognitive reserve-enhancing effect of lifelong bilingualism and protection against dementia, to date, no firm conclusions can be drawn.
Rare Distant Metastatic Disease of Ovarian and Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Thomakos Nikolaos , Diakosavvas Michail , Machairiotis Nikolaos , Fasoulakis Zacharias , Zarogoulidis Paul , Rodolakis Alexandros
Published: July 2019

Background: Although metastases of ovarian and peritoneal carcinomatosis are most commonly found within the peritoneal cavity, there is a number of other rare distant sites that have been reported. Our goal is to provide an evidence-based summary of the available literature considering the rare distant metastatic sites of ovarian and peritoneal carcinomatosis. Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted, with Medline/PubMed being searched for cases of rare metastatic disease originated from primary ovarian and peritoneal cancer with related articles up to 2019 including terms such as “ovarian cancer”, “metastases”, “peritoneal” and others. Results: The most common mechanism of ovarian cancer metastases consists of primarily dissemination within the peritoneal cavity, while, rare and distant sites can either occur at the beginning or during the course of the disease and they are usually associated with hematogenous route and lymphatic invasion, having poor prognosis, with the least common sites being skin, bone, CNS, eye, placenta, central airways, rare lymph nodes, intra-abdominal organs, heart and breast. Conclusions: The occurrence of metastatic sites described in this review represents the most common rare distant metastatic sites, and even though their patterns of metastases are still not fully clarified due to the rarity of the reports, they offer valuable information considering the pathophysiology of the disease.
Enhanced Electrocatalytic Behaviour of Poy(aniline-co-2-hydroxyaniline) Coated Electrodes for Hydrogen Peroxide Electrooxidation
Authors: Shah Anwar ul Haq Ali , Inayat Ayesha , Bilal Salma
Published: July 2019

Polymer-coated electrodes are widely used for the detection and oxidation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Conducting polyaniline (PANI), poly (2-hydroxyanilne) (PHA), and their copolymer poly(aniline-co-2-hydroxyaniline) (PACHA) were electrochemically synthesized on a gold substrate for H2O2 detection and analysis. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques were used for electroanalysis. Both PACHA and PANI greatly reduced the gold overpotential for H2O2 oxidation with enhanced current densities. The PACHA- and PANI-coated electrodes showed oxidative peaks at 0.30 and 0.50 V, respectively, in the presence of 1.4 × 10−6 M H2O2, while PHA-coated electrodes exhibited no response. The fabricated electrodes displayed a linear response towards H2O2 in range of 2 × 10−7 to 1.4 × 10−6 M, with very low detection limits (LODs) of 1 × 10−7 M (for PACHA) and 1.15 × 10−7 M (for PANI) evaluated from CV data. In case of SWV and DPV, the LODs were found to be 1.78 × 10−7 M (for PACHA) and 1 × 10−7 M (for PANI), respectively. The materials exhibit high sensitivity of 650 A/Mcm2 and show good stability. The PACHA-coated electrode shows better capacitance (1.84 × 10−3 F) than PHA- (2.52 × 10−4 F) and PANI-coated (1.17 × 10−3 F) electrodes.
Dual Component Polymeric Epoxy-Polyaminoamide Based Zinc Phosphate Anticorrosive Formulation for 15CDV6 Steel
Authors: Dagdag Omar , Hanbali Ghadir , Khalaf Bayan , Jodeh Shehdeh , El Harfi Ahmed , Deghles Abdelhadi
Published: July 2019

The present research is focused on a formulation with two active components as an anticorrosive polymer coating for 15CDV6 steel. The dual component formulation (epoxy-zinc phosphate (ZP) coating) consists of a polymeric epoxy resin Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) cured with a polyaminoamide as a first component and zinc phosphate (Zn3(PO4)2(H2O)4) (ZP) added in 5% by weight as a second component. The anticorrosive performance of the epoxy-ZP coating was evaluated against the standard coating, which consists of only one component, the cured polymeric epoxy resin. The two polymer coatings were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The surface morphology was of the two polymer coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The coated samples of 15CDV6 steel were tested in a harsh environment of corrosive electrolytes (3 wt % NaCl solution). Under these conditions, a very high impedance value was obtained for 15CDV6 steel coated with the epoxy-ZP coating. Even after exposure for a long period of time (5856 h), the performance was still acceptable, indicating that the epoxy-ZP coating is an excellent barrier. The standard epoxy coating provided an adequate corrosion protection performance for a short period of time, then the performance started to decline. The results were confirmed by surface characterization, a cross-sectional image obtained by optical microscopy for an epoxy-ZP coating applied on 15CDV6 steel exposed for 5856 h to a salt spray test showed that the coating is homogeneous and adheres well to the surface of the steel. So, the coating with a dual component could have great potential in marine applications as anticorrosive for steel.
Synthesis, X-Ray Crystal Structure, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis, and Molecular Docking Study of Novel Hepatitis B (HBV) Inhibitor: 8-Fluoro-5-(4-fluorobenzyl)-3-(2-methoxybenzyl)-3,5-dihydro-4H-pyrimido[5,4-b]indol-4-one
Authors: Ivashchenko Aleksandr V. , Mitkin Oleg D. , Kravchenko Dmitry V. , Kuznetsova Irina V. , Kovalenko Sergiy M. , Bunyatyan Natalya D. , Langer Thierry
Published: July 2019

A method for the synthesis of 8-fluoro-5-(4-fluorobenzyl)-3-(2-methoxybenzyl)-3,5-dihydro-4H-pyrimido[5,4-b]indol-4-one has been developed and the electronic and spatial structure of a new biologically active molecule has been studied both theoretically and experimentally. The title compound was crystallized from acetonitrile and the single-crystal X-ray analysis has revealed that it exists in a monoclinic P21/n space group, with one molecule in the asymmetric part of the unit cell, a = 16.366(3) Å, b = 6.0295(14) Å, c = 21.358(4) Å, β = 105.21(2)°, V = 2033.7(7) Å3 and Z = 4. Hirshfeld surface analysis was used to study intermolecular interactions in the crystal. Molecular docking studies have evaluated the investigated compound as a new inhibitor of hepatitis B. Testing for anti-hepatitis B virus activity has shown that this substance has in vitro nanomolar inhibitory activity against Hepatitis B virus (HBV).
Endoscopic Ultrasound for Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Yoshida Takeichi , Yamashita Yasunobu , Kitano Masayuki
Published: July 2019

Detection of small pancreatic cancers, which have a better prognosis than large cancers, is needed to reduce high mortality rates. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is the most sensitive imaging modality for detecting pancreatic lesions. The high resolution of EUS makes it particularly useful for detecting small pancreatic lesions that may be missed by other imaging modalities. Therefore, EUS should be performed in patients with obstructive jaundice in whom computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) does not identify a definite pancreatic lesion. Interest in the use of EUS for screening individuals at high risk of pancreatic cancer, including those with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) and familial pancreatic cancer is growing. Contrast-enhanced EUS can facilitate differential diagnosis of small solid pancreatic lesions as well as malignant cystic lesions. In addition, EUS-guided fine needle aspiration can provide samples of small pancreatic lesions. Thus, EUS and EUS-related techniques are essential for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
Empirical Estimation of Information Measures: A Literature Guide
Authors: Verdú Sergio
Published: July 2019

We give a brief survey of the literature on the empirical estimation of entropy, differential entropy, relative entropy, mutual information and related information measures. While those quantities are of central importance in information theory, universal algorithms for their estimation are increasingly important in data science, machine learning, biology, neuroscience, economics, language, and other experimental sciences.
Determining the Responsibility of Three-Phase Unbalanced Sources Based on RICA
Authors: Yang Yixuan , Wang Ying , Ma Xiaoyang
Published: July 2019

Voltage unbalance is one of the main power quality problems, and the source of many negative effects on utilities that are experienced by customers. In this paper, a method based on robust independent component analysis (RICA) for responsibility division of unbalanced sources is proposed for voltage unbalance. According to the weak correlation between negative-sequence voltage and upstream and downstream current fluctuation at the point of common coupling (PCC), the independent component of the negative-sequence voltage and current fluctuation at the point of common coupling is obtained by RICA. The blind source mixing coefficient matrix can be obtained according to the least squares method. The equivalent negative-sequence impedance on both sides of the PCC can be obtained using the linear correlation between the mixing coefficients. Finally, according to the principle of partial pressure, the unbalance contribution of the upstream and downstream at the PCC is calculated. The method is accurate for upstream and downstream impedance estimation compared with the traditional method, and has a strong anti-interference ability. When the background noise or system fluctuation is large, the responsibility division result is still accurate. The correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method are proven by the simulation of the experimental circuit.
Interactions between Climate and Nutrient Cycles on Forest Response to Global Change: The Role of Mixed Forests
Authors: González de Andrés Ester
Published: July 2019

Forest ecosystems are undergoing unprecedented changes in environmental conditions due to global change impacts. Modification of global biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen, and the subsequent climate change are affecting forest functions at different scales, from physiology and growth of individual trees to cycling of nutrients. This review summarizes the present knowledge regarding the impact of global change on forest functioning not only with respect to climate change, which is the focus of most studies, but also the influence of altered nitrogen cycle and the interactions among them. The carbon dioxide (CO2) fertilization effect on tree growth is expected to be constrained by nutrient imbalances resulting from high N deposition rates and the counteractive effect of increasing water deficit, which interact in a complex way. At the community level, responses to global change are modified by species interactions that may lead to competition for resources and/or relaxation due to facilitation and resource partitioning processes. Thus, some species mixtures can be more resistant to drought than their respective pure forests, albeit it depends on environmental conditions and species’ functional traits. Climate change and nitrogen deposition have additional impacts on litterfall dynamics, and subsequent decomposition and nutrient mineralization processes. Elemental ratios (i.e., stoichiometry) are associated with important ecosystem traits, including trees’ adaptability to stress or decomposition rates. As stoichiometry of different ecosystem components are also influenced by global change, nutrient cycling in forests will be altered too. Therefore, a re-assessment of traditional forest management is needed in order to cope with global change. Proposed silvicultural systems emphasize the key role of diversity to assure multiple ecosystem services, and special attention has been paid to mixed-species forests. Finally, a summary of the patterns and underlying mechanisms governing the relationships between diversity and different ecosystems functions, such as productivity and stability, is provided.