bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IoT and AI-based Intelligent Agriculture Framework for Crop Prediction
Authors: Singh Pushpa , Singh Murari Kumar , Singh Narendra , Chakraverti Ashish
Published: May 2023

Background:

Currently, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) have
transformed the field of agriculture with the innovative idea of automation and intelligence. The agriculture
field completely relies on the uncertainty parameter of soil, atmosphere, and water. Technological
advancement in IoT and AI assist in resolving this uncertainty factor and recommend the best
crops to the farmers so that they can also enhance the productivity of the crops and meet the world's
large food demand smartly.

Objective:

In this paper, we have suggested an IoT and AI-based model which trained with 2200 records
of the dataset and seven attributes in Python. The model suggests 22 different crops to farmers
after collecting samples through different sensor data. We used soil, temperature, humidity, pH, and
rainfall sensors. Soil sensors were used to measure the amount of N, P, and K in soil.

Methods:

Various supervised machine learning algorithms such as KNN, Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes
and Logistic Regression classifiers have applied to build the proposed model. The model is continuously
monitoring the field via various sensor data as a sample data for the prediction of best crops to
be grown for farmers.

Results:

In this research, we investigated the contribution of supervised machine learning classifiers
like KNN, Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes and Logistic Regression classifiers. The maximum accuracy
has been observed as 99.39% of the Naïve Bayes classifier.

Conclusion:

In this paper an AI and IoT based model is used to recommend/predict the best crop
based on environmental factors. The proposed model will collect the real time sensor data to predict
the crops and plants smartly.
Evaluating the Feasibility of Emotion Expressions in Avatars Created From Real Person Photos: Pilot Web-Based Survey of Virtual Reality Software (Preprint)
Authors: Dechsling Anders , Cogo-Moreira Hugo , Gangestad Jonathan Spydevold , Johannessen Sandra Nettum , Nordahl-Hansen Anders
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

The availability and potential of virtual reality (VR) has led to an increase of its application. VR is suggested to be helpful in training elements of social competence but with an emphasis on interventions being tailored. Recognizing facial expressions is an important social skill and thus a target for training. Using VR in training these skills could have advantages over desktop alternatives. Children with autism, for instance, appear to prefer avatars over real images when assessing facial expressions. Available software provides the opportunity to transform profile pictures into avatars, thereby giving the possibility of tailoring according to an individual’s own environment. However, the emotions provided by such software should be validated before application.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim was to investigate whether available software is a quick, easy, and viable way of providing emotion expressions in avatars transformed from real images.

METHODS

A total of 401 participants from a general population completed a survey on the web containing 27 different images of avatars transformed, using a software, from real images. We calculated the reliability of each image and their level of difficulty using a structural equation modeling approach. We used Bayesian confirmatory factor analysis testing under a multidimensional first-order correlated factor structure where faces showing the same emotions represented a latent variable.

RESULTS

Few emotions were correctly perceived and rated as higher than other emotions. The factor loadings indicating the discrimination of the image were around 0.7, which means 49% shared variance with the latent factor that the face is linked with. The standardized thresholds indicating the difficulty level of the images are mostly around average, and the highest correlation is between faces showing happiness and anger.

CONCLUSIONS

Only using a software to transform profile pictures to avatars is not sufficient to provide valid emotion expressions. Adjustments are needed to increase faces’ discrimination (eg, increasing reliabilities). The faces showed average levels of difficulty, meaning that they are neither very difficult nor very easy to perceive, which fits a general population. Adjustments should be made for specific populations and when applying this technology in clinical practice.

CLINICALTRIAL
Vaccination against the human papillomavirus: development of a digital shared-decision aid for general practitioners in France (Preprint)
Authors: Hagiu Dragos-Paul , Tron Arthur , Zuo Minghui , Ecollan Marie , Pinot Juliette , Rossignol Louise , Partouche Henri , Gilberg Serge , Le Bel Josselin , Gauchet Aurélie , Gagneux-Brunon Amandine , Michel Morgane , Mueller Judith E. ,   PrevHPV Study group, Thilly Nathalie , Bruel Sébastien
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are responsible for the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world and persistent infection of oncogenic types is associated with an increased risk of cancers. This infection could be prevented by vaccination. However, in a time of vaccine hesitancy, the decision to get vaccinated or to have a child vaccinated is the result of a complex process and decision aids are tools that may be of help in this context.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this article is to present the development of a shared decision aid for HPV vaccination in France, destined to be used during general practice consultations. The construction of the shared decision aid is a part of the PrevHPV experimental study, an evaluation of a multicomponent intervention aiming to improve HPV vaccination coverage.

METHODS

In order to develop the decision support tool, we followed the steps recommended by the International Patient Decision Aids Standard (IPDAS), i.e. scoping and defining the objectives, assembling the steering group, designing (carrying out two focus groups and a narrative review of the literature) and testing in a alpha test phase (carrying out three focus groups and 11 individual interviews). The tool was co-constructed with adolescents, parents and general practitioners.

RESULTS

We created an online shared decision aid which included the definition of HPV, epidemiological data, the mode of contamination, the different locations of the disease, the development of cancer, the importance of Pap smears, the effectiveness of the vaccination as well as the possible side effects. The various focus groups as well as individual interviews made it possible to determine the values and expectations of patients and physicians thus improving the decision aid. This development also made it possible to confirm an existing need for this type of tool for both patients and physicians.

CONCLUSIONS

We have developed a shared decision aid that could help general practitioners communicate about HPV vaccination and get more patients vaccinated. This SDA will be validated in a beta-testing phase. The impact of its use during the consultation will be evaluated on criteria such as the resolution of the decision-making conflict and ultimately on the vaccination coverage, as part of the PrevHPV study.
Themes and Topics on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in JMIR Dermatology Publications (Preprint)
Authors: Rodriguez Ramiro , Osman Karima M , Anderson Lachlan , Pascual Micah , Dellavalle Robert P
Published: May 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Publications dealing with topics considered to be pertinent to diversity, equity, and inclusion are increasing. Due to the increasing trend, dermatology journals have started to implement ways to evaluate and understand these publications. Here, we discuss a keyword approach to identify and then categorize these publications. Keywords identified 43 manuscripts. Two reviewers screened the articles’ titles and abstracts, and recommended a full manuscript review for 24 publications. Through the scope of definitions from the National Institutes of Health, an editorial board member performed a full-text review and assigned a primary theme to the publications. Themes included equity (n=20) and diversity/inclusion (n=4). Topics were racial/ethnic differences in care delivery or society (n=17), incomplete understanding of gender and sex (n=3), gender identity (n=2), socioeconomic class and its impact on health (n=1), care for rural underserved communities (n=1), and religion (n=1). The results of this review demonstrate a predominance of equity-related publications, particularly emphasizing racial/ethnic differences in health care delivery, in the publications identified in JMIR Dermatology. Future research can focus on creating a review aid to assist editorial board members when providing feedback to manuscripts, refining the keywords, and using thematic analysis methodology to evaluate large sets of publications.
Immersive and Nonimmersive Virtual Reality–Assisted Active Training in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Lo Hermione Hin Man , Zhu Mengting , Zou Zihui , Wong Cho Lee , Lo Suzanne Hoi Shan , Chung Vincent Chi-Ho , Wong Samuel Yeung-Shan , Sit Regina Wing Shan
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Virtual reality (VR) in different immersive conditions has been increasingly used as a nonpharmacological method for managing chronic musculoskeletal pain.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to assess the effectiveness of VR-assisted active training versus conventional exercise or physiotherapy in chronic musculoskeletal pain and to analyze the effects of immersive versus nonimmersive VR on pain outcomes.

METHODS

This systematic review of randomized control trials (RCTs) searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from inception to June 9, 2024. RCTs comparing adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain receiving VR-assisted training were included. The primary outcome was pain intensity; secondary outcomes included functional disability and kinesiophobia. Available data were pooled in a meta-analysis. Studies were graded using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool version 2.

RESULTS

In total, 28 RCTs including 1114 participants with some concerns for a high risk of bias were identified, and 25 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. In low back pain, short-term outcomes measured post intervention showed that nonimmersive VR is effective in reducing pain (standardized mean difference [SMD] –1.79, 95% CI –2.72 to –0.87; P<.001), improving disability (SMD –0.44, 95% CI –0.72 to –0.16; P=.002), and kinesiophobia (SMD –2.94, 95% CI –5.20 to –0.68; P=.01). Intermediate-term outcomes measured at 6 months also showed that nonimmersive VR is effective in reducing pain (SMD –8.15, 95% CI –15.29 to –1.01; P=.03), and kinesiophobia (SMD –4.28, 95% CI –8.12 to –0.44; P=.03) compared to conventional active training. For neck pain, immersive VR reduced pain intensity (SMD –0.55, 95% CI –1.02 to –0.08; P=.02) but not disability and kinesiophobia in the short term. No statistical significances were detected for knee pain or other pain regions at all time points. In addition, 2 (8%) studies had a high risk of bias.

CONCLUSIONS

Both nonimmersive and immersive VR–assisted active training is effective in reducing back and neck pain symptoms. Our study findings suggest that VR is effective in alleviating chronic musculoskeletal pain.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42022302912; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=302912
Effect of school entrance age on myopia among primary schoolchildren using mixed-effect model: the Shantou Myopia Study (SMS) (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Hongxi , Wu Linrong , Li Yuancun , Tan Xin , Lin Jianwei , Qiu Kunliang , Du Yali , Yin Shengjie , Chen Binyao , Jiang Jiao , Chen Hailiu , Zhang Mingzhi
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Few research about the relationship between the school entrance age and myopia in schoolchildren has been reported.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the association between children's school entrance age and refractive status and prevalence of myopia in southern China.

METHODS

This Population-based Cross-sectional study was conducted during September 2020 to June 2021 in Shantou, southern China, enrolling all the primary schoolchildren in the city. The school entrance age was calculated as the months from the birth date to the entrance date, divided by 12. Non-cycloplegic refraction and uncorrected visual acuity test were conducted. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent refraction (SER)<-0.50D with an uncorrected distant visual acuity < Snellen20/20. We explored the association between the SER and the school entrance age, with the clustering effect within schools adjusted by the linear mixed-model.

RESULTS

We enrolled 410,080 primary schoolchildren, with the mean age of 9.8±1.6 years. The overall prevalence of myopia was 42.04%. The mean SER of myopic children was -2.15±1.70D. The mixed-effects model revealed a significant correlation between the school entrance age and the SER and the prevalence of myopia. One year later for school entrance age would independently result in a less myopic SER with 0.352D (standard error=0.016, P<0.001), and significantly decrease the prevalence of myopia (odds ratio=0.632, standard error=0.013219, P<0.001). Children born before September 1st had significantly more myopic SER than those born after September 1st (-1.77 vs -1.73, P<0.001)

CONCLUSIONS

Early school entrance, rather than age or prolonged exposure to schooling, was an independent risk factor of myopia. It is important to put forward some scientific and effective measures, preventing children from early exposure to task-heavy school life and near work.
Diversity, morphological variability, and distribution of tulostomataceous fungi (Agaricomycetes) in Sonora, Mexico
Authors: Hernández-Navarro Eduardo , Gutiérrez Aldo , Coronado Martha L. , Álvarez-Bajo Osiris , Andrade Silvia , Barredo-Pool Felipe , Esqueda Martín
Published: May 2023

Recent mycological studies in Sonora, Mexico have mainly focused on tulostomataceous fungi, a group of gasteroid Agaricomycetes with a spore-sac containing pulverulent gleba and a well-defined, hollow stipe. The aim of the present study was to analyze the diversity, morphological variability, and distribution of tulostomateceous fungi,through examining the specimens deposited in the Sonora State University herbarium over 29 years of sampling. Based on 1,266 basidiomes in 621 collections from 75 locations, 23 municipalities, and 16 vegetation types, a total of 7 genera and 37 species were identified. All genera are monospecific in Sonora except Tulostoma, with 31 defined species. Several collections remain undetermined since their morphological traits are intermediate or do not match described species. The distribution of tulostomataceous fungi was related to altitude, precipitation, and climate. Further molecular analysis of undetermined specimens must be performed in order to define the real number of species in this fungal group and to understand the boundaries among closely related genera and species.
Design and Development of Delta 3D Printer
Authors: Panage Prof. Rohan M. , Agashe Prof. Kaustubh D. , Sakore Ms. Pragati H. , Kulkarni Mr. Atharv S. , Bele Mr. Atharva S.
Published: May 2023

Abstract: The Delta 3D printer project, design and development is focused on creating a 3D printer that can produce high quality prints quickly and accurately. We use a delta printer that uses three vertical arms to move the printhead. The printer is designed to use external components such as motor drivers, display lines and control boards. T he printer's firmware is also optimized for its performance and we use open-source software to interact with the printer. The printer was tested using PLA media and related settings, and the results showed that the printer was able to produce high quality prints with a fast print time. The Delta 3D Printer project was designed and created to further research to improve performance and functionality of 3D printers.
Extraction, Identification, Evaluation and Comparative Study of Pectin Obtained from Various Natural Sources
Authors: Chaudhari Mr. Kiran V. , Chaudhari Mr. Durgesh P. , Hamid Prof. Hasni Sayyed
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Pectin is a family of complex polysaccharides that contain α-1-4 linked galacturonic acid that has widely gained importance due to its high economic value in the pharmaceutical, food, dairy and biotechnology industries. The primary sources to obtained pectin are limited but its commercial need is high, hence the present study is designed to carry extraction, evaluation and comparative study. Pectin is usually present in cell walls of plants and a major component of middle lamella where it contributes to the cell structures and can be extracted by acid hydrolysis followed by alcohol precipitation. In present investigation pectin was extracted from various natural sources namely orange, mango and sunflower moreover, comparative evaluation was done. The result reveled that all three are good sources of pectin and pectin obtained from all the sources are almost similar in its properties specially gelling strength. The highest yield was found in orange peel followed by mango and least in sunflower. The finding also suggested that all the three can be served as raw material for pectin and systematic use of all from agriculture sector can be beneficial for both farmers and manufacturers. Nevertheless, an agro-based industry can be set for extraction of pectin.
A Study on Food Habits, Food Culture, Impacting Health and Lifestyles among Two Communities of West Bengal
Authors: Ruidas Chandi Charan , Biswas Anjan Kumar , Das Ankan
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Bengali or Bangalee is someone whose linguistic, cultural and ancestral origin is belonged to Bengal.in this study the two broader communities were taken under observations. The identity of both communities was elaborated, the origin and evolution along with present existence was discussed. The food culture and food habits pertained by both communities were generalised with some specifications of categorizations in food intake. It was observed that Bangals and Ghatis. Matrimonial relation between two communities has helped mixing the food culture in many ways. Other than that curiosity and urge of experimenting with food has impacted the food habits of both the sides. In long term it was found that the two distinguished communities are dealing and facing certain type of health issues and severe diseases or illness just because of unplanned and unaware healthy food intake. In the case of lifestyle both the communities acquire few different lifestyles to improve their previous circumstances, mainly the rural areas where food is still under the grasp of superstitions.
Conceptual Study of Marma and Pain Management in Avabahuka by Marma Chikitsa
Authors: Verma Dr. Hemendra Kumar , Sharma Dr. Shyoram , Sharma Prof. Mahendra
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Ayurveda, which focuses on the prevention and treatment of illnesses, offers a variety of strategies for leading healthy lives. The notions of the anatomical and physiological aspects of the body were offered by Ayurveda. One of the topics of Ayurveda is Marma, which is regarded as one of the locations in the body where Prana exists. According to anatomical placements and other structures around them, 107 Marma points were listed in various Ayurvedic scriptures. Marmas points in the body are mostly made of groupings of muscles, ligaments, arteries, tendons, and bones, among other things. Since Marma points are connected to Tridosha, Bhutatma, and Triguna, any trauma or damage to the Marma might result in excruciating manifestations that occasionally have the potential to be fatal. The pioneer of Indian surgery, Acharya Sushruta, was the first to recognize the value of the Marmas in terms of anatomical knowledge and surgical procedures for everyday practice and dangers in life. Currently, Marma Chikitsa is quite well-liked for its all-natural, non-invasive method of therapy. Marma treatment is the manipulation of subtle energy (prana) in the body with the goal of promoting the healing process. This involves stimulating the body's meridian points to clear blockages, promoting both physical and psychological strength and relaxation. Avabahuka is a disorder that affects the shoulder joint and is quite similar to frozen shoulder. The major role of Avabahuka, a vata vyadhi and Amsa sandhi, is in sickness. Amsa Marma and Kakshadhara Marma are chosen for the Marma Chikitsa for this reason.
Heart Sound Classification using Shannon Energy
Authors: R Barath , K S Nakul Sri Kuber , D Dr. Binu
Published: May 2023

Abstract: The graphical representation of acoustic of the cardiac activity is called as Phonocardiogram or PCG and the machine is so called phonocardiograph. It has a vital role in the diagnosis of the heart defects. It requires highly and experienced professionals to read the phonocardiogram, usually with the Electronic, Acoustic stethoscopes and stethoscopes for the Hearing impaired. The paper is about the implementation of a analytic system as a detector and classifier for heart diseases.
CAMINHOS E PERSPECTIVAS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO: NAS CIÊNCIAS, NA SAÚDE E NO MEIO AMBIENTE
Authors: Augustinho Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

Ao iniciar a apresentação desta edição da revista Ciências & Ideias: volume 13, número 4  - outubro/dezembro de 2022, cabe destacar a produção de 16 trabalhos científicos, distribuídos nas seções Artigos Científicos (10 trabalhos), Relatos de Experiências (4 trabalhos) e Produtos Educacionais (3 trabalhos). Os textos elaborados apresentam temas de abordagens variadas, com foco no ensino de Ciências, na formação de professores de Ciências (Química, Biologia e Física), na divulgação científica, em metodologias ativas de aprendizagem
Forensik Digital dalam Pembuktian Tindak Pidana Ujaran Kebencian di Media Sosial
Authors: Medeline Farol , Rusmiati Elis , Ramadhani Rully Herdita
Published: May 2023

The development of technology is inevitable. Technology exists in people's lives and brings changes that make everyday life easier. Communication is an aspect of life that changes with the development of technology in our lives, and Social media is one of the most important means by which people communicate and receive information. The presence of social media in people's lives not only facilitates the exchange of information, but also brings new problems that lead to criminal activity. One's freedom on social media often results in hate speech being uploaded. As a crime that takes place on social media, hate speech requires digital forensics mechanisms to examine the digital and electronic evidence found. Detecting hate speech using digital forensics is important to find out if a name listed on a social media account is the person who made the hate speech. Detecting hate speech using digital forensics is important to find out if a name listed on a social media account is the person who made the hate speech. The use of digital forensics in evidence aims to achieve material truth that is.
Abstrak
Perkembangan teknologi saat ini menjadi suatu hal mutlak yang tidak bisa dihindari. Teknologi hadir dalam kehidupan masyarakat dan membawa perubahan yang merubah dan membuat kehidupan sehari-hari menjadi lebih mudah. Komunikasi merupakan aspek kehidupan yang ikut mengalami dampak perubahan seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi dalam kehidupan, dan media sosial merupakan salah satu media utama bagi masyarakat untuk berkomunikasi dan mendapat informasi. Kehadiran media sosial dalam kehidupan masyarakat tidak hanya memfasilitasi pertukaran informasi, tetapi juga membawa masalah baru yang mengarah pada tindakan kriminal. Kebebasan yang dimiliki seseorang di media sosial untuk mengekspresikan dirinya sering kali menghasilkan ujaran kebencian yang diunggah sebagai konten media sosial tersebut. Sebagai kejahatan yang terjadi di media sosial, ujaran kebencian membutuhkan mekanisme forensik digital untuk memeriksa bukti digital dan elektronik yang ditemukan. Memeriksa bukti dalam tindak pidana ujaran kebencian menggunakan forensik digital penting merupakan hal yang penting untuk mengetahui apakah nama yang tercantum di akun media sosial adalah orang yang melakukan ujaran kebencian tersebut. Digunakannya forensik digital dalam proses pembuktian bertujuan untuk mencapai kebenaran materil sebagai tujuan hukum acara pidana. Faktanya, penggunaan forensik digital untuk mengambil bukti di pengadilan pada tahap peninjauan seringkali tidak digunakan.
Prediction of labour outcomes using prelabour computerised cardiotocogram and maternal-foetal Doppler indices: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Moungmaithong Sakita , Lam Michelle Sung Nga , Kwan Angel Hoi Wan , Wong Sani Tsz Kei , TSE Wing Ting , Sahota Daljit , Tai Sin Ting Angela , Poon Liona
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To investigate the association and the potential
value of prelabour fetal heart rate short-term variability (STV)
determined by computerised cardiotocography (cCTG) and maternal-foetal
Dopplers in predicting labour outcomes. Design: Prospective
cohort study. Setting: The Prince of Wales Hospital, a tertiary
maternity unit, in Hong Kong SAR. Population: Women with a term
singleton pregnancy in latent phase of labour or prior to labour
induction were recruited during May 2019 – November 2021.
Methods: Ultrasonographic assessment of foetal growth, Doppler
velocimetry and the cCTG monitoring including Dawes-Redman CTG analysis.
Main Outcome Measures: Umbilical Cord arterial pH, emergency
delivery due to pathological CTG during labour and neonatal intensive
care unit (NICU)/special care baby unit (SCBU) admission.
Results: Of the 400 cases, 34 (8.5%) women underwent emergency
delivery for pathological CTG during labour. A total of 6 (1.50%) and
148 (37.00%) newborns required NICU and SCBU admission, respectively.
Middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (MCA-PI) and MCA-PI z-score
were significant lower in pregnancies that required emergency delivery
for pathological CTG during labour compared with those who did not
[1.23 (1.07-1.40) vs 1.40 (1.22-1.64), p=0.002 and 0.55 (±1.07) vs
0.12 (±1.06), p=0.049,]. Umbilical cord arterial pH was associated
with STV (r = 0.107, p = 0.035) and the independent predictors for
umbilical cord arterial pH were smoking (p = 0.006) and STV (p = 0.025).
Conclusions: In pregnant women admitted in latent phase of
labour or for induction of labour at term, cCTG STV is associated with
umbilical cord arterial pH but not predictive of emergency delivery due
to pathological CTG during labour.
Bioactivity-guided quality control marker discovery in migao volatile oil based on spectrum-effect relationship in a coronary heart disease rat model
Authors: Jian Lina , Guo Jiangtao , Zhang Yongping , Xu Jian , Huang Kai , Liu Yao , Zhu Xiaoting , Liu Jie
Published: May 2023

Migao volatile oil (MVO), a traditional Chinese medicine extract, exerts
a curative effect on coronary heart disease (CHD). In this study, gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to determine the
fingerprints of 10 MVO batches, and 27 common components were
identified. The anti-CHD activities of the different MVOs were
determined using ELISA kits, and haematoxylin and eosin staining was
used to assess the histopathological injury in myocardial tissues. Three
mathematical models were used to analyse multiple bioactive indices, and
an anti-CHD-guided spectrum-effect relationship approach was developed
to discover MVO quality control (QC) markers. α-phellandrene, p-cymene,
1,8-cineole, linalool, α-terpineol, α-cubebene, α-copaene, α-humulene,
dihydroagarofuran, and δ-cadinene all showed good affinity for target
proteins connected to CHD, showing their potential as QC markers. Based
on the anti-CHD-guided spectrum-effect relationship approach, a
bioactive constituent-based holistic QC method was successfully
developed for MVO, which could provide a valuable reference for related
QC research.
Presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in wastewater in the Kingdom of Bahrain during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mohamed Afaf , Matar Ebrahim , Isa Hasan , Moosa Ahmed , Hasan Wafa , AlSayyad Adel , Mohamed Amjad , Sanad Maryam , Alhajeri Maryam , Abulfateh Najat , Aloraibi Qassim
Published: May 2023

Background: Several countries, including Bahrain, used Wastewater
surveillance for disease activity monitoring. This study aimed to
determine the presence of SARS-COV-2 in untreated wastewater and to
correlate it with the disease spread. Methods: A retrospective review
was conducted for all wastewater samples tested for SARS-CoV-2 in public
health laboratories from October 2020 to October 2022. Samples were
collected weekly between February and October 2022 from different areas
across Bahrain. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to
test for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater, and the results were
correlated with the number of COVID-19 cases in the same area. Results:
Of a total of 387 wastewater samples, 103 (26.6%) samples tested
positive for SARS-CoV-2. In late 2020, of 42 samples collected
initially, 4 (9.5%) samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in the 4
locations that hosted COVID-19 isolation facilities. Between February
and October 2022, 345 specimens of wastewater were tested, and 99
(28.7%) were positive. The highest detection rate was in February,
June, and July (60%, 45%, and 43%, respectively), which corresponded
to COVID-19 peaks during 2022, and the lowest detection rate was in
August and September (11% and 0%, respectively), corresponding to the
low number of COVID-19 cases. Conclusion: The detection rate of
SARS-COV-2 in wastewater samples from Bahrain was high and was
significantly correlated with the number of reported COVID-19 cases.
Wastewater surveillance can aid the existing surveillance system in
monitoring SARS-CoV-2 spread.
Day-flying Lepidoptera larvae have a poorer ability to thermoregulate than adults
Authors: Ashe-Jepson Esme , Hayes Matthew , Hitchcock Gwen , Wingader Keira , Turner Edgar , Bladon Andrew
Published: May 2023

Changes to ambient temperatures under climate change may detrimentally
impact small ectotherms that rely on their environment for
thermoregulation, however there is currently a limited understanding of
larval thermoregulation. In this study we investigate the
thermoregulatory capacity (buffering ability) of 14 species of
day-flying Lepidoptera, whether this is influenced by body length or
gregariousness, differs between adult and larval life stages, and what
mechanisms are used; microclimate selection or behavioural
thermoregulation. We found that Lepidoptera larvae differ in their
buffering ability between species and body lengths. Gregariousness did
not influence species buffering abilities. Larvae are worse at buffering
air temperature than adults, and rely on different thermoregulatory
mechanisms; adults rely on behavioural thermoregulation, and larvae rely
on microclimate selection. This implies that larvae are dependent on the
area around their foodplant for effective thermoregulation. These
findings have implications for the management of land and species.
Prevalence and clinical forms of celiac disease in siblings of children with verified disease
Authors: Lekovic Zoran , Radlovic Vladimir , Mladenovic Marija , Ducic Sinisa , Djuricic Goran , Predojevic-Samardzic Jelica , Vuletic Biljana , Rosic Petar , Jankovic Srdja , Radlovic Nedeljko
Published: May 2023

Introduction/Objective. Celiac disease (CD) is the result of a polygenic predisposition and gluten-containing diet. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical forms of CD in siblings of children with verified disease. Methods. The study included 83 siblings, aged 1.5?27 (11.77 ? 6.2) years, of 64 children with CD diagnosed according to ESPGHAN criteria (1990/2012). In addition to a detailed history and clinical examination, serum levels of IgA and antibodies to tissue transglutaminase (AtTG) IgA and IgG classes were determined in all subjects. All with elevated AtTG levels underwent multiple duodenal enterobiopsy. The diagnosis of CD was confirmed by the finding of characteristic histological changes. Results. The diagnosis of CB was made in 13 of 83 subjects (15.67%). Nine of them had an asymptomatic form of the disease, while in the others the disease was clinically manifested ? in three the form was classical, in one it was accompanied by severe malnutrition (-26.80%), and in one the manifestation was nonclassical (only short stature). Except for sideropenia and hypoferritinemia in four patients, of which two with hemoglobin below the reference value, standard laboratory findings were within normal limits. Conclusion. Our research shows that the prevalence of CD in siblings of children with verified disease is 15.67%. It is mostly detected in its asymptomatic form. In accordance with this, routine application of serological screening for CD in this population group is necessary for its timely diagnosis and treatment.
What are Parkinson’s Disease Causes?
Authors: Salem Yehya Ashwaq Hamid
Published: May 2023

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder that results from the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain. While the exact cause of PD is not fully understood, research suggests that a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors may contribute to its development. Genetic mutations in certain genes, including Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), Alpha-synuclein (SNCA), and Parkin, have been linked to PD, although they account for only a small percentage of cases. Exposure to toxins such as pesticides and herbicides, head injuries, advancing age, male gender, diet, and a history of smoking have also been identified as potential risk factors for PD. Overall, it is likely that PD results from a complex interplay of factors that lead to the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, resulting in the characteristic symptoms of the disease.
FREKUENSI GELOMBANG OTAK DALAM MENANGKAP ILMU IMAJINASI DAN REALITA (BERDASARKAN ONTOLOGI)
Authors: Fajri Nurul
Published: May 2023

Otak merupakan organ kecil yang tersimpan didalam batok kepala yang merupakan  pusat sistem syaraf dan berfungsi sebagai pusat kendali dan koordinasi seluruh aktifitas biologis, fisik, dan sosial dari seluruh tubuh. Metafisika adalah kajian filsafat yang mendasar dan komprehensif mengenai seluruh realita atau tentang keberadaan (segala sesuatu yang ada atau being). Artikel ini disintesis melalui penelitian perpustakaan yang mempelajari buku, artikel ilmiah, dan referensi yang relevan karena frekuensi gelombang otak dalam menangkap imajinasi dan realita. Artikel ini dirancang untuk memberikan penjelasan tentang frekuensi gelombang otak berdasarkan ontologi dalam menangkap ilmu imajinasi dan realita. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dalam menangkap imajinasi dan realita, gelombang otak terbagi dalam beberapa gelombang yaitu; gelombang gamma, gelombang beta, gelombang alfa, gelombang teta dan gelombang delta. Perubahan pola gelombang otak ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi mental atau pikiran seseorang. Dengan imajinasi, kita dapat memvisualisasikan impian kita sehingga dapat menimbulkan semangat. Brainwave entrainment merupakan sebuah cara untuk mengatur pola gelombang otak anda sesuai kebutuhan agar anda mendapatkan kondisi pikiran sesuai yang anda inginkan, Karena kita memiliki Kemauan yang merupakan kerja Otak Kanan, tapi yang memikirkan caranya (logika) dengan otak kiri
Tradisi Med-Medan di Banjar Kaja Desa Adat Sesetan Kota Denpasar Bali dalam Perspektif Filsafat Nilai Max Scheler
Authors: Siswadi Gede Agus , Maharani Septiana Dwiputri
Published: May 2023

The culture or tradition in Bali is full of philosophical values, especially the Med-Medan tradition in Banjar Kaja, Sesetan Traditional Village, Denpasar City. However, due to the lack of literacy, people's knowledge and understanding of the tradition is only limited to euphoria. This article seeks to explore and analyze in depth the values contained in the Med-Medan tradition by using the perspective of Max Scheler's philosophy of values and using descriptive analytical methods. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the philosophical values contained in the Med-Medan tradition are the value of enjoyment, vital or life values, psychological values and religious values. Based on the perspective of Max Scheler's hierarchy of values, religious values are priority values that residents want to achieve as a form of respect for their ancestors and devotion to God Almighty.
The Effect of Self-Esteem on Resilience among Victims of Bullying: Does Gender Play a Role?
Authors: Saaduddin Saaduddin , Sujadi Eko , Sasferi Nuzmi , Jumiarti Desri
Published: May 2023

Bullying has become a serious issue in educational institutions. Bullying causes significant negative effects on physical, social, and psychological aspects. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of self-esteem on resilience. We also analyzed the resilience differences between male and female students. Through a cross-sectional study design, 86 students participated in completing a survey. The Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale developed by Mynard & Joseph was used to determine respondents who were victims of bullying. Furthermore, The Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) were used to measure resilience and self-esteem. The data analysis technique used to reveal the difference in resilience of bullying victims between males and females is the independent sample t-test. Furthermore, simple regression is used to test the influence of self-esteem on resilience. The results showed that students' self-esteem and resilience were moderate. There was a significant difference in resilience between male and female students, with males having higher resilience than females. Testing also proved that there is an influence of self-esteem on students' resilience. This study has implications for the importance of addressing bullying in schools. Furthermore, psychological interventions through counseling services can be implemented to improve resilience.
Validitas dan Praktikalitas Bahan Ajar Matematika Berbantuan FlipHtml5 untuk Memfasilitasi Kemampuan Pemahaman Matematis Siswa Kelas VIII SMP/MTs pada Materi Koordinat Kartesius
Authors: Wati Desi Kurnia , Saragih Sehatta , Murni Atma
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan bahan ajar matematika berbantuan FlipHtml5 yang memenuhi syarat valid dan praktis untuk memfasilitasi Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah (KPM) siswa kelas VIII SMP/MTs pada materi koordinat kartesius. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model Borg and Gall, yang terdiri dari sepuluh tahapan, namun pada  penelitian ini hanya sampai pada tahap ke-7 yaitu: (1) potensi dan masalah; (2) pengumpulan data; (3) desain  produk; (4) validasi desain; (5) revisi desain; (6) uji coba produk; dan (7) revisi produk. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi, dan angket. Intrumen pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah lembar wawancara, lembar observasi, lembar validasi dan angket respon siswa. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis validitas dan analisis praktikalitas. Bahan ajar divalidasi oleh tiga orang validator dan direvisi sesuai saran validator, serta diujicobakan kepada 6 orang siswa SMP Negeri 8 Pekanbaru untuk melihat kepraktisan bahan ajar. Hasil validasi bahan ajar 87,91% dengan kategori sangat valid. Hasil uji coba produk 90,16%, dengan kategori sangat praktis. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kriteria valid dan praktis untuk digunakan siswa kelas VIII SMP/MTs. Kata kunci: Bahan Ajar, FlipHtml5, Kemampuan Pemahaman Matematis, Koordinat Kartesius
Menilik Kecemasan Matematika dari Kemampuan Koneksi Matematis Siswa SMA
Authors: Saputra Edy , Zulmaulida Rahmy , Santiara Ema
Published: May 2023

Pendidikan merupakan usaha sadar untuk meningkatkan kualitas seseorang akan tetapi usaha sadar dapat menurun jika munculnya tidak percaya diri atau kecemasan. Kecemasan merupakan perilaku yang dapat menjadi penghambat dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Kecemasan dapat diakibatkan oleh beberapa penyebab salah satunya adalah rendahnya koneksi matematis kemampuan matematis dalam mengenali hubungan pokok bahasan yang berbeda dalam matematika, menggunakan matematika dalam studi lainnya, dan menggunakan matematika dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Kemampuan Koneksi Matematis (dalam Materi SPLTV) terhadap Kecemasan Matematika Siswa SMA N 8 Takengon. Pendekatan penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian kausal dengan metode korelasional, yang menjadi populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMA N 8 Takengon yang berjumlah 97 siswa. Sampel yang diambil peneliti adalah kelas X Karena materi SPLTV dibahas atau dikaji hanya di kelas X, pengambilan sampel dengan metode purposive sampling. Jumlah responden yang diteliti 34 siswa. Teknik penggambilan data menggunakan soal uraian materi SPLTV dan angket kecemasan matematika. Dan data ini dianalisis dengan pengujian yaitu uji prasyarat dan analisis regresi. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji regresi dengan persamaan regresi  = 39,373 + (-0,887) (x), hal ini berarti Ha diterima pada taraf signifikan  = 0,05 dengan demikian regresi x dan y adalah signifikan kesimpulan hasil signifikansi regresi yaitu terdapat Pengaruh Kemampuan Koneksi Matematis Terhadap Kecemasan Matematika Siswa SMA N 8 Takengon. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan koefisien determinan diperoleh R =  adalah 0,247 yang berarti bahwa besarnya pengaruh koneksi matematis (materi SPLTV) terhadap kecemasan matematika siswa SMA N 8 Takengon sebesar 0,247 atau 24,7% dan sisanya 75,3% disebabkan oleh faktor lain. Dari hasil tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa siswa memiliki ketakutan, kewas-wasan terhadap materi matematika salah satunya materi SPLTV
Pengaruh Tingkat Kecemasan terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa: Studi Kasus pada Siswa SMPN 2 Balaraja
Authors: Dewi Fauziyyah Kristanti Monica , Pujiastuti Heni
Published: May 2023

Salah satu keberhasilan dari tujuan pembelajaran dapat dilihat dari hasil belajar. Terdapat dua faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi hasil belajar siswa yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Kecemasan merupakan salah satu bagian dari faktor internal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan besarnya pengaruh tingkat kecemasan terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa SMPN 2 Balaraja. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 403 siswa dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 38 siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ex-post-facto serta angket dan dokumentasi sebagai instrument penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh tingkat kecemasan dapat mempengaruhi hasil belajar matematika siswa SMPN 2 Balaraja sebesar 0.135 atau 13.5% dan semakin rendah tingkat kecemasan maka hasil belajar siswa pada pelajaran matematika akan semakin meningkat begitupun sebaliknya semakin tinggi tingkat kecemasan maka hasil belajar siswa pada pelajaran matematika akan semakin menurun.
Profil Critical Thinking Skill Siswa pada Pembelajaran Matematika Ditinjau dari Perbedaan Gaya Kognitif dan Gender
Authors: Fadilah Fitri , Winarso Widodo
Published: May 2023

Keterampilan berpikir kritis diperlukan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran matematika diera abad 21. Profil keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa bergantung pada gaya kognitif yang terdiri dari Field Dependent (FD) dan Field Independent (FI). Selain itu perbedaan gender juga memberikan ragam profil keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan profil keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada pembelajaran matematika yang ditinjau dari perbedaan gaya kognitif dan gender. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus digunakan pada penelitian ini. Simple random sampling dan stratified sampling digunakan dalam penentuan subjek penelitian pada siswa MTs Salafiyah Bode. Teknik pengumpulan data terdiri dari angket GEFT, tes kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan wawancara. Hasil menunjukan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dengan gaya kognitif field independent lebih unggul jika dibandingkan dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dengan gaya kognitif field dependent. Pada setiap kelompok gaya kognitifnya, keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa perempuan lebih unggul jika dibandingkan dengan keterampilan berpikir siswa laki-laki.
Analisis Kemampuan Penalaran Deduktif Siswa pada Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving (CPS)
Authors: Saputra Edy , Zulmaulida Rahmy
Published: May 2023

Pembelajaran tentang simbol, konsep-konsep abstrak dan berbagai pola sudah dipelajari dari dulu dalam ilmu matematika. Berbagai konsep yang dipelajari dalam matematika menjadi titik ukur dalam membantu pemahaman dan perkembangan kemampuan berpikir, salah satunya yaitu kemampuan penalaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan kemampuan penalaran deduktif siswa pada pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving (CPS). Pendekatan kualitatif dalam penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk melihat gambaran-gambaran tentang kemampuan penalaran deduktif siswa secara terstruktur, terukur, yang akurat dan kebaruan yang berhubungan dengan paparan masalah yang diteliti. Sampel pada penelitian ini dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling dari total 25 orang subjek penelitan yaitu siswa SMP kelas VIII yang dibagi menjadi tiga kategori dan dipilih satu orang setiap kategori untuk dianalisis. Tes kemampuan penalaran deduktif dan wawancara dengan subjek penelitian menjadi teknik yang dipilih dalam pengumpulan data. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini ditentukan dengan teknik triangulasi sumber yaitu menyesuaikan data hasil tes dengan data yang diperoleh dari wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan penalaran deduktif siswa pada pembelajaran CPS dibedakan pada tiga tingkatan yaitu 16% siswa pada tingkat penalaran tinggi dengan pencapaian maksimal pada semua indikator kemampuan penlaran deduktif, 52% siswa pada tingkat penalaran sedang dengan pencapaian pada empat indikator krmampuan penalaran deduktif, dan 32% siswa pada tingkat penalaran rendah dengan pencapaian dua indikator kemampuan penalaran deduktif.
Validitas dan Praktikalitas Lembar Kerja Siswa Berbasis Pendekatan Open-ended pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Tiga Variabel
Authors: Wahyuni Wahyuni , Granita Granita
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menghasilkan LKS matematika berbasis pendekatan Open-ended yang memenuhi kriteria valid dan praktis pada materi sistem persamaan linear tiga variabel. Dikarenakan berdasarkan observasi yang dilakukan di SMA Negeri 2 Tualang, ditemukan bahwa terdapat beberapa siswa yang mengalami kesulitan saat menyelesaikan soal latihan dalam pembelajaran matematika. Hal ini disebabkan karena siswa kurang mampu memahami konsep dasar dari sistem persamaan linear tiga variabel sehingga nilai yang diperoleh siswa masih tergolong rendah. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Tualang, ahli teknologi pendidikan dan ahli materi pembelajaran yang berasal dari dosen dan guru mata pelajaran matematika sebagai validator LKS. Objek penelitian ini adalah LKS berbasis pendekatan Open-ended  pada materi sistem persamaan linear tiga variabel. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa angket validitas dan praktikalitas. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik analisis data kualitatif dan teknik analisis data kuantitatif terhadap instrumen angket validitas dan praktikalitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LKS yang dikembangkan  dinyatakan sangat valid dan sangat praktis, sehingga LKS berkualitas baik dan dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran materi sistem persamaan linear tiga variabel.