bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Kecemasan Anak Usia 6-12 Tahun terhadap Perawatan Gigi di SD Kristen Eben Haezar 2 Manado
Authors: Sanger Seily E. , Pangemanan Damajanty H.C. , Leman Michael A.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Dental anxiety is a condition of fear to visit a dentist even for preventive care or therapy and uncertainity anxiety to dental care. This study was aimed to describe the anxiety of children 6-12 years old for the dental care at SD Kristen Eben Haezar 2 Manado. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were 44 students of 6-12 years old at SD Eben Haezar 2 Manado who had dental care experience, obtained by using total sampling. Data were obtained by filling the questionnaire of Children Dental Fear Survey Schedule-subscale (CFSS-DS). The results showed that most students with high levels of anxiety were at the age of 6-8 years (20.48%), while most students with low level of anxiety were at the age of 9-12 years old (47.74%). Of the 44 students, 27 students (61.36%) had low level of anxiety whereas 17 students (38.64%) had high level of anxiety. Based on gender, the percentages of students with high level and low level of anxiety were higher in females than in males. Conclusion: In general, students with low level of anxiety were at the age of 9-12 years old meanwhile students with high level of anxiety were at the age of 6-8 years. Either high or low level of anxiety was most found in females.Keywords: anxiety, children, dental care Abstrak: Kecemasan dental merupakan suatu ketakutan terhadap kunjungan ke dokter gigi untuk perawatan pencegahan ataupun terapi dan rasa cemas tidak beralasan terhadap perawatan gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kecemasan anak usia 6-12 tahun terhadap perawatan gigi di SD Kristen Eben Haezar 2 Manado. Jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang, mengunakan metode pengambilan sampel total. Terdapat 44 siswa aktif SD Kristen Eben Heazer 2 Manado berusia 6-12 tahun dan pernah mendapatkan perawatan gigi. Data diambil berdasarkan pengisian kuesioner Children Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan responden dengan tingkat kecemasan tinggi ditemukan paling banyak pada usia 6-8 tahun (20,48%), sedangkan yang dengan tingkat kecemasan rendah ditemukan pada usia 9-12 tahun (47,74%). Tingkat kecemasan rendah ditemukan pada 27 responden (61,36%) dan tingkat kecemasan tinggi ditemukan pada 17 reponden (38,64%). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, responden dengan tingkat kecemasan tinggi maupun rendah lebih banyak ditemukan pada responden perempuan. Simpulan: Responden dengan tingkat kecemasan rendah lebih banyak didapatkan pada rentang usia 9-12 tahun sedangkan responden dengan tingkat kecemasan tinggi lebih banyak didapatkan pada rentang usia 6-8 tahun. Baik tingkat kecemasan tinggi maupun rendah lebih banyak ditemukan pada responden perempuan.Kata kunci: kecemasan, anak, perawatan gigi
Gambaran Status Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut pada Pengidap HIV/AIDS di Yayasan Batamang Plus Bitung
Authors: Kinontoa Fitrisya C. , Mintjelungan Christy N. , Tambunan Elita
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/ AIDS) is an infectious disease that attacks the immune system, therefore, the individual becomes more susceptible to opportunistic infections. The lower the dental and oral hygiene status are, the more susceptible an individual to opportunistic infections in the oral cavity due to the presence of HIV/AIDS. This study was aimed to obtain the status of oral and dental hygiene in individuals with HIV/AIDS at the Batamang Plus Foundation in Bitung. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Data were obtained by examination of oral and dental hygiene status using OHI-S index. There were 30 respondents obtained by using total sampling method. The results showed that the highest percentage of the oral and dental hygiene status of the respondents (68% of male respondent and 57% of female respondents) was at moderate category. The average OHI-S was 2,2, categorized as moderate. Conclusion: Most respondents in this study had moderate category of oral and dental hygiene status.Keywords: human immunodeficiency virus, dental and oral hygiene status Abstrak: Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) merupakan penyakit menular yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh seseorang sehingga lebih mudah terserang infeksi oportunistik. Semakin rendah status kebersihan gigi dan mulut seorang pengidap HIV/AIDS akan lebih memudahkannya terserang infeksi oportunistik pada rongga mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status kebersihan gigi dan mulut pada pengidap HIV/AIDS di Yayasan Batamang Plus Bitung. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Data diperoleh dari hasil pemeriksaan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut menggunakan indeks OHI-S. Terdapat 30 responden yang diperoleh mengunakan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa persentase tertinggi dari status kebersihan gigi dan mulut responden berada pada kategori sedang yaitu 68% responden laki-laki dan 57% responden perempuan. Rerata OHI-S yang diperoleh ialah 2,2 yang tergolong kategori sedang. Simpulan: Sebagian besar responden memiliki status kebersihan gigi dan mulut kategori sedang.Kata kunci: pengidap HIV/AIDS, kebersihan gigi dan mulut
Pengaruh Motivasi Ekstrinsik terhadap Tingkat Kepatuhan Pemakai Gigi Tiruan Lepasan di Kelurahan Batu Kota
Authors: Iksan Nurwahid P. , Wowor Vonny N. S. , Pangemanan Damajanty H. C.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: The purpose of artificial teeth is to replace the lost teeth and to maintain the function of mastication and speech. Lack of personal mindset to wear denture leads to poor compliance. Motivation can affect personal mindset or attitude. Extrinsic motivation can make the denture wearers become more compliant. This study was aimed to determine the effect of extrinsic motivation on the compliance of removable denture wearers as well as the compliance level of the denture wearers at Batu Kota Manado. This was an analytical descriptive study using a cross sectional design. There were 81 respondents in this study obtained by using purposive sampling method. We used questionnaires which were already tested in terms of validity and reliability. Data were analyzed by using the simple regression test. The results showed that the extrinsic motivation of 60.5% respondents belonged to moderate category, 23.5% to high category, and 16% to low category. Based on the compliance level, 55.6% of respondents were in moderate level, 24.7% in low level, and 19.7% in high level. The simple regression test showed a P value of 0.000 (<0.05). Conclusion: Extrinsic motivation and compliance level of removable denture wearers were generally moderate. Moreover, extrinsic motivation could influence the level of compliance of the removable denture wearers at Batu Kota Manado.Keywords: extrinsic motivation, compliance, removable denture Abstrak: Pemakaian gigi tiruan bertujuan untuk menggantikan gigi yang hilang dan mence-gah terjadinya gangguan fungsi pengunyahan hingga fungsi bicara. Kurangnya pola pikir seseorang terhadap pemakaian gigi tiruan menyebabkan kepatuhan yang rendah. Motivasi dapat memengaruhi pola pikir atau sikap seseorang. Motivasi ekstrinsik dapat menjadikan pengguna gigi tiruan menjadi taat dan patuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi ekstrinsik terhadap tingkat kepatuhan pemakai gigi tiruan di Kelurahan Batu Kota. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 81 responden diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner yang telah dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis hasil penelitian menggunakan uji statistik regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 60,5% masyarakat Kelurahan Batu Kota memiliki motivasi ekstrinsik sedang, 23,5% tinggi, dan sebanyak16% rendah. Sebanyak 55,6% masyarakat memiliki tingkat kepatuhan sedang, 24,7% rendah, dan 19,7% tinggi. Hasil uji regresi sederhana mendapatkan P=0,000 (<0,05). Simpulan: Motivasi ekstrinsik masyarakat pemakai gigi tiruan lepasan dan tigkat kepatuhan umumnya tergolong sedang. Terdapat pengaruh motivasi ekstrinsik terhadap tingkat kepatuhan pemakai gigi tiruan lepasan di Kelurahan Batu Kota Manado.Kata kunci: motivasi ekstrinsik, kepatuhan, gigi tiruan lepasan
Hubungan antara Jumlah Kehilangan Gigi dengan Status Gizi pada Lansia di Desa Kolongan Atas II Kecamatan Sonder
Authors: Pioh Charlene , Siagian Krista V. , Tendean Lydia
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Tooth loss is commonly found among elderly and have bad impact on the TMJ, mastication, aesthetics as well as speech function. Due to mastication disorder, the elderly tend to choose certain food which influences their nutritional status. This study was aimed to obtain the relationship between tooth loss and nutritional status based on BMI among the elderly at Kolongan Atas II, Sonder. This was an analytical descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Population included elderly aged 60-65 years old at Kolongan Atas II, Sonder. Samples were obtained by using total sampling method. The results showed that there were 30 elderlies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Tooth loss more than ten teeth was most common among elderly with normal nutritional status followed by those with overweight. Meanwhile, there was no elderly with underweight. The relationship between the tooth loss and nutritional status was tested with the chi-square which resulted in P value of 0.597. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between tooth loss and nutritional status among elderly at Kolongan Atas II, Sonder. The elderlies were advised to pay attention to their nutritional status and to use dentures for replacement of their missing teeth.Keywords: tooth loss, nutrient status, elderly Abstrak: Pada masa lansia sering terjadi kehilangan gigi yang menyebabkan gangguan TMJ, pengunyahan, estetik, dan fungsi bicara. Gangguan pengunyahan pada lansia menyebabkan kecenderungan memilih makanan tertentu yang dapat memengaruhi status gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kehilangan gigi dengan status gizi berdasarkan IMT pada lansia di Desa Kolongan Atas II Kecamatan Sonder. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Populasi penelitian ialah lansia berusia 60-65 tahun di Desa Kolongan Atas II Kecamatan Sonder sedangkan sampel diperoleh menggunakan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 30 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Kehilangan gigi >10 gigi terbanyak pada lansia dengan gizi normal diikuti dengan gizi lebih. Tidak didapatkan lansia dengan gizi kurang. Hubungan antara kehilangan gigi dengan status gizi berdasarkan IMT diuji dengan uji chi square dan mendapatkan nilai P=0,597. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kehilangan gigi dengan status gizi pada lansia di Desa Kolongan Atas II Kecamatan Sonder. Disarankan agar para lansia untuk tetap memperhatikan asupan makanan agar dapat mempertahankan status gizi yang baik dan menggunakan gigi tiruan sebagai pengganti gigi yang hilang.Kata kunci: kehilangan gigi, status gizi, lansia
ANALISIS BREAK EVEN POINT (BEP) USAHA TERNAK SAPI PERAH “TAREKAT MSC” DI KELURAHAN PINARAS KOTA TOMOHON
Authors: Londa Priska K. , Waleleng Paula O.V. , Legrans-A Rommy A.J. , Elly Femi H.
Published: July 2019

Usaha ternak sapi perah “Tarekat MSC” di Kelurahan Pinaras Kota Tomohon merupakan salah satu usaha ternak sapi perah di Sulawesi Utara. Permasalahannya, tingkat produktivitas dari ternak sapi perah yang dikelola adalah rendah. Pengelola/peternak dituntut harus berpikir bagaimana mengalokasikan sarana produksi (input produksi) yang ada seefisien mungkin. Hal ini harus dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi, mencapai Break Even Point (BEP)  dan keuntungan yang maksimal. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui Break Even Point (BEP) usaha ternak sapi perah “Tarekat MSC” di Kelurahan Pinaras Kota Tomohon. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah  metode studi kasus . Analisis  yang digunakan adalah analisis Break Even Point (Rp) dan Break Even Point (unit). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi susu yang dihasilkan sebesar 5,8 liter/ekor/hari dengan pemeliharaan 27 ekor, sementara yang produksi hanya 6 ekor. Biaya produksi yang dikeluarkan terdiri dari biaya tetap sebesar Rp. 7.291.750 dan biaya variabel sebesar Rp. 19.221.000. Penerimaan yang diperoleh sebesar Rp. 15.900.000 dari hasil penjualan susu sebanyak 1060 liter dengan harga Rp. 15.000 per liter. Analisis Break Even Point (BEP) diperoleh penerimaan (Rp) adalah Rp. 26.512.750 dan Break Even Point (BEP) unit adalah 1767,52. Break Even Point (BEP) usaha ternak sapi perah “Tarekat MSC” dapat dicapai pada penerimaan penjualan susu sebesar Rp. 26.512.750 dengan volume produksi susu sebanyak 1.767,52 liter atau pada saat jumlah sapi laktasi sebanyak 10,16 ekor.
KONTRIBUSI USAHA TERNAK SAPI TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PETANI DI KECAMATAN KALAWAT KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA
Authors: Olii Yunior , Manese M. A.V. , Pandey J. , Lumenta I. D. R.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAKKecamatan Kalawat merupakan salah satu kecamatan yang terletak di wilayah Kabupaten Minahasa Utara dengan luas wilayah sebesar 4.714 ha. Umumnya masyarakat Kecamatan Kalawat berprofesi sebagai petani. Populasi ternak sapi di Kecamatan Kalawat adalah sebesar 489 ekor yang tersebar di 12 desa. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah berapa besar usaha ternak sapi dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap pendapatan petani peternak di Kecamatan Kalawat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk megetahui berapa besar kontribusi usaha ternak sapi terhadap pendapatan petani di Kecamatan Kalawat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Kalawat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 30 orang. Waktu penelitian dan pengumpulan data selama 2 bulan. Data penelitian diperoleh dari 2 sumber yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Metode penentuan sampel dilakukan secara Purposive Sampling dengan penentuan responden dilakukan secara Random Sampling. Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa ternak sapi memberikan keuntungan terhadap pendapatan petani sebesar Rp.181.078.967. Adapun total pendapatan usaha tani maupun diluar usaha tani adalah sebesar Rp.1.017.128.467. Berdasarkan fakta ini maka kontribusi usaha ternak sapi terhadap pendapatan petani adalah sebesar 17,78%.  Kata Kunci: Kontibusi, Ternak Sapi,  Pendapatan Petani ABSTRACTCONTRIBUTION OF BEEF CATTLE BUSSINES TO FARMERS INCOME IN KALAWAT ON NORTH MINAHASA. Kalawat is one of the districts are located in North Minahasa with a total area of ​​4,714 ha. Kalawat’s people living  as farmers.  Population of Beef cattle in the kalawat amounted to 489 cattle spread across 12 villages. The problem in this study is how much beef cattle business can contribute to farmers income in Kalawat, North Minahasa. The purpose of this research is to determine how much the beef cattle business give a contribution to the income of farmers in the Kalawat, North Minahasa. The research was conducted in the Kalawat of North Minahasa with many respondents as many as 30 people. Duration of the research and data collection is for 2 months. The data in this study were obtained from two sources, primary data and secondary data. Sampling method of purposive sampling is done by determining the respondents were Random Sampling. The results in this study indicate that cattle provide benefits to farmers  income by Rp.181.078.967. Total  income of farm and out of farm amounted Rp.1.017.128.467. Based on this fact, contribution from cattle bussines to farmers income amounted 17,78 %.Keywords: Contribution of cattle bussines, farmers income
PRODUKSI DAN KANDUNGAN PROTEIN MAGGOT (HERMETIA ILLUCENS) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA TUMBUH BERBEDA
Authors: Katayane Falicia A , Bagau B , Wolayan F R , Imbar M R
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT PRODUCTION AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF MAGGOT (HERMETIA ILLUCENS)USING DIFFERENT GROWTH MEDIA. Mandar bird (Gallirallus) called “weris” bird in North Sulawesi, had been generally known in Minahasa and Kotamobagu areas. Bird in the family of the Rallidae have a small to medium body size. The purpose of this study was to obtain the morphometric characteristics of weris birds in the areas of Kotamobagu. The expected benefit of this study was to provide information about morphometric charaeteristics of weris birds, which is useful in the breeding process. Observation was focused on general habitat of this bird closed to river swamp or lake. Weris birds usually breed in thrive densely vegetation areas. Identification of the characteristics was following the morphometric characteristics of some species of weris bird found around areas Kotamobagu. Based on the results of study conducted in the areas of Kotamobagu North Sulawesi, it was found that there were two different types of weris birds consisted of the species of Gallirallus philippensis and species of Gallirallus torquatus . These two types of birds have different characteristics that can be seen from the outside or exterior appearance, and also can be seen from the size. The species of Gallirallus philippensis has smaller body size compared to species of Gallirallus torquatus. Keywords : Weris bird, Morfomertric characteristics. Kotamobagu Areas.
ANALISIS USAHA PETERNAKAN BABI PADA PERUSAHAN “KASEWEAN” KAKASKASEN II KOTA TOMOHON
Authors: Warouw Zadrak M , Panelewen V V.J , Mirah Arie D.P
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTPIG FARM ANALYSIS OF KASEWEAN COMPANY AT KAKASKASEN II OF TOMOHON MUNICIPALITY. The objective of this study were to find cost production, benefit and break even point of pig farming in Kasewean enterprise located in Tomohon city. The Results of the study showed that, Kasewean enterprise had breakeven Point on pig farming at 103 103 heads, and the income level was Rp. 178.509.314/period of production. Value of the breakeven point could be seen through the value Margin Of Safety (MOS) of 67.62%, meaning that if the rate of production decreased by 67.63%, the pig farm is still in state of breakeven point, then the MOS value can be explained by Return Of Invesment (ROI). ROI obtained a value of 1.51. This means that the use of capital (cost of production) on a pig farm “Kasawean” in Tomohon already at efficient scale or provide the level of profit. Conclusions were (1) The average cost of production of pig farming in Kasewean company Tomohon was 1.136.863/head/production period consisted of a fixed cost of Rp. 278.093 of a fixed cost and Rp. 858.770/heads/production period of variable cost with the value of ROI was 1.51 which means the use of capital (cost of production) of pig farm on the“Kasewean” company in Tomohon already efficient, (2) Pig farm on the “kasewean” company obtained significant profit because the everage income was Rp. 580.932/head/production period and the average monthly profit was Rp. 15.539.943. and (3) Animal farm on “Kasewean” company has reached the value above breakeven point of 103.92 on production volume of 103 units or heads with turnover level of Rp. 178.509.314/production periodKey Words : Pig farming, benefit, cost, breakeven point
PENGARUH PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA TERHADAP KONSUMSI DAGING (SAPI, BABI DAN AYAM ) DI DESA SEA I KECAMATAN PINELENG
Authors: Osak Richie A.F. , Panelewen V V.J , Pandey J. , Lumenta I. D.R
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT THE EFFECT OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME ON MEAT CONSUMPTION (BEEF, PORK AND CHIKEN) AT THE VILLAGE OF SEA I, PINELENG DISTRICT.This study aims to determine the magnitude of meat consumption (beef, porl and chiken) of household based on income levels in the Village of Sea I, Pineleng district and to determine the effect of household income on meat consumption (beef, porl and chiken) in the Village of Sea I, Pineleng district. Formulation of research problem is how much they purchased meat (beef, porl and chiken) consumption household in the Village of Sea I, Pineleng district. This study was conducted in the Village of Sea I, Pineleng district. Study was conducted using a survey method, and data were obtained through primary data and secondary data. Determination of the location (rural sample) in the study was conducted by purposive sampling method. Number of samples used in this study were 30 people. Data of this study were analyzed by descriptive and mathematical analysis methods. Income indicated the amount of income earned in a month household, whether they were from the household head or sourced from other household members who work and earn income. From the money earned, the highest number of respondents had incomes between 1.000.000 to 3.000.000/month with the percentage of 70 %, while the number of respondents with the smallest income was less than 1.000.000/month with the percentage of 16.67 %. The difference of income held by the respondents in the Village of Sea I, would have an impact on the amount of meat purchases each month. This was in accordance with the opinion Sukirno (2002) stating that most of the disposable income is used to buy food and clothing. Most of the meat consumed by people in the Village of Sea I was pork and chicken meat compared to beef, it was because the price of beef was relatively expensive compared to the price of pork and chicken meat. Based on research results, pork was the most meat consumed by family respondents about 21 families with the percentage of 70 % of respondents, followed by chicken meat about 18 families with the percentage of 60 % of respondents, and beef by 8 families with the percentage of 26 respondents, 67 % of domestic poultry and meat about 6 families with the percentage of 20 % of respondents. Based on the results of research, it can be concluded that household income significantly affect the consumption of meat in the Village of Sea I, Pineleng district and the average consumption of meat in the Village of Sea I, Pineleng district was about 8,9  kg/capita/year, below the national target of 10,3  kg/capita/year.   Key Words : Household income, meat consumption, Sea I Village.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA FAKTOR SOSIAL EKONOMI DENGAN PERSEPSI PETERNAK TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN USAHA PETERNAKAN SAPI PERAH DI KOTA TOMOHON
Authors: Muhammad Suryana D.S. , Legrans R. A.J. , Lainawa J.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT RELATIONSHIP BEWEEN ECONOMICAL SOCIAL FACTOR AND HOUSEHOLD PERSEPTION ON DAIRY FARM DEVELOPMENT IN TOMOHON MUNICIPALITY. Dairy farm development was importantly connected with household farmer. Each household farmer had different economical social background. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between economical social factor and household perception on dairy farm development in Tomohon municipality.This study was conducted at four districts in Tomohon municipality using thirty respondents of household farmers. Samples were determined by purposive sampling method involving three districts. Primer secunder data were used in this study. Results showed that household farmers at ages of 43 to 54 years old were 40 percents. The education period of the animal household was ranging from 12 to 16 years (46.7%). The experiemces as animal household of dairy cattle were ranging from 2 to 3 years. The frequency attending extension and skill training were ranging from 1 to 2 times (76.6 %), and 90 percents of animal household had income from Rp. 1,350,000 to Rp. 3,499,800 per month. Perseptions of animal household on dairy farm development in Tomohon municipality were generally good. Period of animal farm highly correlated  with the perception household farmer in development of dairy farm in Tomohon municipality. Kata Kunci: Economical social factor, household farmer perception, dairy farm, Tomohon municipality.
KANDUNGAN PROTEIN KASAR, KALSIUM, DAN FOSFOR TEPUNG LIMBAH UDANG SEBAGAI BAHAN PAKAN YANG DIOLAH DENGAN ASAM ASETAT (CH3COOH)
Authors: Wowor Andre R.Y. , Bagau B. , Untu I , Liwe H
Published: July 2019

THE EFFECT OF UTILIZATION OF ACETIC ACID (CH3COOH) SOLUTION IN SHRIMP WASTE MEAL PROCESSING AS A FEED ON CRUDE PROTEIN, CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS CONTENT.An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different level of acetic acid solution in the processing of shrimp waste meal. Shrimp waste material was in the form of leftover meat, skin, head, and other unutilized parts of shrimp. Research was arranged using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments: A0 = distilled water without acetic acid solution, A1 = 5% acetic acid solution, A2 = 10% acetic acid solution, and A3 = 15% acetic acid solution. Each treatment was replicated 4 times. Tukey’s test was employed to analyze treatment differences. Variable measured were: crude protein, calcium, and phosphorus content of shrimp waste. Research result showed that acetic acid solution level significantly affect protein, calcium, and phosphorus content of shrimp waste. Crude protein content of A2 was significantly (P < 0.05) higher compared with A0, A1, and A3, but significantly (P < 0.05) reduced calcium and phosphorus content of shrimp waste meal at the higher level. It can be concluded that utilization of 10% acetic acid solution in shrimp waste meal processing gave the best result with protein content of 56,37%, calcium 2,98%, and phosphorus 0,98%. Keywords :Shrimp waste meal, Acetic acid solution, Protein, Calcium, Phosphorus
POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN TERNAK SAPI PADA USAHA TANI DIKECAMATAN TARERAN MINAHASA
Authors: Mirah Riko E. , Endoh E. K.M , Pandey J. , Salendu A. H.S
Published: July 2019

POTENSIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CATTLE IN TARERAN SUB DISTYRICT, MINAHASA.Farm development showed a good prospect and has an important role in the growth of the agricultural economy . The problem is the extent to which the potential of land resources , human resorces and livestock capacity . Based on this problems we performed the research / The aimed of the research was to know potensial development of cattle in District Tareran South Minahasa regency Survey mehode was used . Source of data used are primary data and secondary data . Primary data was collected from the district office and the Office Tareran BP3K ( Hall extension , agriculture , fisheries and forestry ) .Secondary data collected from government office that in line with this research.  Datal analysis used descriptive analysis , and analysis of the potential for livestock development efektif.Hasil bahwapotensi study showed maximum in livestock units based land resources ( PMSL ) of 5.238,1ST . Capacity increase in the cattle population by land resources ( KKPTR ( SL ) of 5058.65 ST , the real population of cattle ( POPRIL ) of 179,45ST , Potential of maximum based head of the family ( PMKK ) for 7380 ST , and capacity enhancement cattle population ( KPPTR ( KK ) of 7200.55 ST ..   Keywords : cattle , potential , development
MANFAAT DAUN LAMTORO (Leucaena leucocephala DALAM PAKAN AYAM PEDAGING DIUKUR DARI PENAMPILAN PRODUKSI
Authors: Mandey J S , Kumajas N. J. , Leke J. R , Regar M. N
Published: July 2019

PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS FED THE LAMTORO (LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA) LEAF MEAL IN THE DIETS. The utilization of lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) leaf meal (LLM) in broiler diets was investigated employing 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% levels substituted to the based diet (control). In this experiment, 100 birds were randomly allocated into five groups of treatments. Each treatment was repeated into four replications with five birds per each replication. The five dietary treatments were allotted to the birds in a completely randomized design. The birds were fed experimental finisher diets. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Effect of LLM inclusion up 20% on feed intake (g),  live weight gain (g) and feed conversion did not differ significantly  (P ˃ 0.05).  It may be inferred from these experiments that LLM  up to 20% can safely be substituted to broiler based diet.Keywords: Lamtoro leaf, broiler, performance
PENGARUH BOBOT LAHIR DENGAN PENAMPILAN ANAK BABI SAMPAI DISAPIH
Authors: Nangoy Marfiane M. , Lapian M. T. , Najoan M. , Soputan J. E. M.
Published: July 2019

THE EFFECT OF BIRTH WEIGHT WITH THE APPEARANCE OF THE PIGLETS UNTIL WEANING. The purpose of this research is to determine the corellation of birth weight with the appearance of the piglets until weaning. This research used the method of observation. Results or data obtained in this research, piglets from each parent is divided into 3 categories: high, medium, low. Retrieval of data held on a new born piglets, piglets aged 1 week until the time of weaning. Parameters observed in this research is the birth weight of piglets per head, body weight gain, the weight of piglets, and mortality (MRTA) piglets before weaned (%). Data were analyzed and presented descriptively, which is describing and explaining the general picture of direct observation. Based on the results of this research we concluded that litter size piglets, determines how high the birth weight, weaning weight, body weight gain, and mortality. The greater the birth weight more likely to obtain a high weaning weight as in this research the highest birth weight is 1.64 kg after weaning reached 7.54 kg. Keywords: Birth Weight, Piglets, Weaning
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS SERANGGA HAMA PASCA PANEN PADA BEBERAPA MAKANAN TERNAK DI KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW
Authors: Rimbing S. C.
Published: July 2019

INSECT PEST SPECIES DIVERSITY POST CROP AT SOME LIVESTOCK FOODS IN SUB-PROVINCE BOLAANG MONGONDOW. The purpose of research aim to be to know species diversity and abudance of population of pest post at livestock food. To get data about pest type post crop at livestock food is done by livestock food sampling counted 1 kg, then is looked after during 10 days in laboratorium, and activity hereinafter is done abservatiion about pest type post crop at each livestock food. Insect pest type found at livestock food is identified based on insect morphology. Livestock food type taken at palce of storages, that is corn, paddy bran, konsentrate, and fish meal. Then is calculated pest species diversity post crop at livestock food. Number of pest types post crop found at livestock food in Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow 12 types. In district of poigar number of pest types post found 12, whike lolak 9 type, pest type pascapanen which is highest found at corn and paddy bran. Pest type post crop found at livestock food between of Sitophilus sp, Tribolium sp, Carpophilus sp, Dermestes sp, Ceriptoplestes sp, C. cephalonica and ahasverus sp. Abundance of highest population at bijian corn there is in poigar 90 tails, and Kecamatan Lolak it’s the population only reachs 45.5 tails. For highest paddy bran livestock food there is at type Tribolium sp, population Tribolium sp at highest paddy bran there is in Kecamatan poigar 27 tails and low at kecamatan lolak 23.5 tails. Level of pest species diversity post crop bijian highestcorn is found in Kecamatan Poigar H’ = 1.62, while Lolak only reach H’ = 1.35, Value level of trhis varicety pertained low, because value level of pest species diversity livestock food at cron under H’ = 3.5   Keywords: Diversity, insect post crop, feed
ANALISIS KEUNTUNGAN PETERNAK SAPI PERANAKAN ONGOLE (PO) YANG MENGGUNAKAN INSEMINASI BUATAN (IB) DI KECAMATAN TOMPASO BARAT
Authors: Monintja Mario Y , Oley F. S. , Sondakh B F , Oroh F. N.S
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Ongole cross bread has important role in the economical needs of people in Tompaso Barat. In addition as beef cattle, household farmers also use it as a working cattle, source of fertilize and investment. In addition to farmer’s income and the acceleration growth of cattle population, in the year of 2011, District West Tompaso Barat did an artificial insemination program. The problem was whether this program is beneficial for the farmer or not. The aim at this research is to analyze the profit of farmers using artificial insemination program. This research was conducted using survey method involving about 169 farmers raising Ongole crossbred cattle at West Tompaso District applying artificial insemination. The data were analyzed by profit analysis. Result showed that the total income received from the total sale of the beef cattle using artificial insemination were IDR 490,950,000.- with the total cost of IDR 468,945,750. The profit of the household farmers was the balance between the total income and the total cost getting IDR 21,504,250. The average income of the respondent was about IDR 716,808. Therefore, it can be concluded that the household farmers raising Ongole crossbred cattle get more profit when they used artificial insemination. Based on this research it can be suggested that the beef cattle management should be maintained on the bases of agribusiness. Keywords: Profit, Ongole crossbred cattle, Artificial Insemination
STUDI BEBERAPA FAKTOR PENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA BERBASIS FAUNA ENDEMIK DI HUTAN SAWINGGRAI KECAMATAN MIOSMANSAR KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN RAJA AMPAT PROPINSI PAPAUA BARAT
Authors: Yeblo Michael , Kiroh H. J. , Nangoy M. J. , Rawung V. R.W.
Published: July 2019

THE STUDY OF SUPPORTING FACTORS THE ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT OF ENDEMIC FAUNA IN THE FOREST SAWINGGRAI, DISTRICT MIOSMANSAR, RAJA AMPAT, PAPUA BARAT. Ecotourism is nature tourism that focuses on an area or areas of conservation (Protected area) that contribute to the welfare of local communities and conservation and education for the community. Raja Ampat Islands is an area that has the potential to be used as attractions, Sawinggrai Forest is one of the forest that has the potential of ecotourism is good enough to be developed, which is unique in the forest with animals - including endemic animal bag Semar (Nepenthes sp), Resin (Agathis sp), Blue Beetle (Eulophis geoffroyi), Red Bird of Paradise (Paradiseaea Rumbra), and a variety of other animals. This study aims to determine the factors supporting the development of ecotourism endemic fauna in the forest in the village Sawinggrai Kapisawar, Sawinggrai, Yenwapnor, District Miosmansar Raja Ampat. Research on the study of several contributing factors Sawinggrai forest ecotourism development, was held on October 11 until the date of 18 November 2014 took place in the village of Kapisawar, Sawinggrai, Yenwapnor, District Miosmansar Raja Ampat which is located near the forest Sawinggrai. Which is the object of this research is endemic fauna in Raja Ampat. The equipment used in this study is Digital Cameras, ATM (Stationery Writing), a computer to process data, questionnaires in the form of a list of questions related to the community's response to the endemic fauna-based ecotourism development. This study uses a survey and interviews directly with the public. The variables measured were: 1). Level of education, 2). Community work, 3). Flora and fauna endemic, 4). Community response to the development of ecotourism, 5). Public disturbance to fauna endemic step and, 6). Based on the results of the data analysis and discussion for all variables in this study, it can be concluded that some of the factors supporting the development of forest-based ecotourism endemic fauna and forest Sawinggrai good enough Sawinggrai is feasible to be a place of ecotourism.   Keywords: ecotourism, endemic fauna, supporting factor, public education
PENGARUH SUBTITUSI SEBAGIAN RANSUM DENGAN TEPUNG TOMAT (Solanum Lycopersicum L) TERHADAP BERAT TELUR, BERAT KUNING TELUR DAN MASSA TELUR AYAM RAS
Authors: Nasikin Mubaraq , Nangoy F. J. , Sarayar C. L.K. , Kawatu M. H.M.
Published: July 2019

EFFECT OF SOME SUBSTITUTION RATION TOMATO WITH WHEAT (SolanumLycopersicum L) ON HEAVY EGGS, WEIGHT YELLOW CHICKEN EGGS AND EGG MASS RAS. This study aims to determine the most ration with flour substitute tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L) on egg weight, yolk weight and mass of eggs. This research was conducted at the Company's Ranch Dharma Gunawan, located in the District Kayuwatu Mapanget Manado City, from September 14 to 16 November 2014. Measuring the quality of the eggs is done in Laboratory Animal Product Technology, Faculty of Animal Sciences University of Sam Ratulangi, using 100 chickens race laying. The material is divided into 25 units of cages, each occupied 4 tails. Research design used is completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments with 5 replications. As for the level of treatment that is R0 = basic ration without using flour tomatoes, R1 = basic ration 98% + 2% tomato powder, basic ration R2 = 96% + 4% tomato powder, R3 = basic ration 94% + 6% tomato powder, R4 = basic ration 92% + 8% flour tomatoes. Variables observed included egg weight, yolk weight, and egg mass. Results of analysis of variance showed that the treatment was not significant effect (P> 0.05) on egg weight, yolk weight and mass of eggs. It can be concluded that the substitution of 2% -8% tomato powder no effect on the quality of egg weight, yolk weight and mass of eggs. Keywords: Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L), Egg, Chicken laying
EFEK PENGGUNAAN KONSENTRAT PABRIKAN DAN BUATAN SENDIRI DALAM RANSUM BABI STARTER TERHADAP EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN RANSUM
Authors: Rumerung S. N.
Published: July 2019

EFFECT OF UTILIZATION OF COMMERCIAL AND LOCAL CONCENTRATE DIETS ON FEED EFFICIENCY OF STARTER PIGS. The present study was conducted to determine the comparison of feed efficiency of starter pigs consumed local and commercial concentrate diets. Twenty castrated male pigs were allocated in individual crate. Experimental design used in the present study was completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications. Treatments were arranged as follows: R1=Pokphan’s concentrate diet 32% + yellow corn 50% + rice bran 18%; R2= Benfeed’s concentrate diet 32% + yellow corn 50% + rice bran 18%; R3= Cargill’s concentrate diet 32% + yellow corn 50% + rice bran 18%; R4= Local’s concentrate diet 32% + yellow corn 50% + rice bran 18%. Variables measured were daily feed consumption, daily gain, and feed efficiency. Research results showed that treatments gave no significant effect on daily feed consumption, daily gain and feed efficiency. It can be concluded that starter pigs gave a similar respons when either local concentrate or commercial concentrate diets. Keywords: commercial concentrate, local concentrate, starter pig
PENGARUH PENINGKATAN RASIO KONSENTRAT DALAM RANSUM KAMBING PERANAKAN ETTAWAH DI LINGKUNGAN PANAS ALAMI TERHADAP KONSUMSI RANSUM, RESPONS FISIOLOGIS, DAN PERTUMBUHAN
Authors: Qisthon Arif , Widodo Yusuf
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT EFFECTS OF INCREASING CONCENTRATE RATIO IN THE RATION OF PERANAKAN ETTAWAH GOAT UNDER NATURAL HEAT  ENVIRONMENT ON FEED INTAKE, PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, AND GROWTH. The research was conducted to study the effect of increasing the proportion of concentrate in the ration of Peranakan Ettawah (PE) goats. Animals were maintained in a natural hot environment on feed consumption, physiological responses, and body weight gain. The study used three male goats of PE in Latin Square design. Treatment applied was an increase in the proportion of concentrate in three forage-concentrate ratio (F:C), R1 = 85:15%; R2 = 70:30%; and R3 = 55:45%. The results showed that the treatment ratio of F:C had no effect (P> 0.05) in feed intake, respiration rate, rectal temperature, and body weight gain. In contrast, treatment affected significantly (P <0.05) heart rate, as follows R1 vs. R2 and R1 vs. R3, whereas R2 and R3 were not significantly different (P> 0.05). Keywords: Rations, heat stress, physiological, goat
PERFORMANS REPRODUKSI INDUK SAPI LOKAL PERANAKAN ONGOLE YANG DIKAWINKAN DENGAN TEKNIK INSEMINASI BUATAN DI KECAMATAN TOMPASO BARAT KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Kasehung J. , Paputungan U. , Adiani S. , Paath J.
Published: July 2019

REPRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF ONGOLE CROSSBRED COWS MATED BY THE ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION TECHNIQUE AT WEST TOMPASO DISTRICT, MINAHASA REGENCY. Artificial Insemination (AI) was the first generation in biotechnology of animal reproduction in Indonesia. Nowdays, Indonesian government still rely on AI to increase genetic quality and animal productivity especially for beef cattle and dairy cattle. The success of AI related with reproduction performance was determined by variabels of conception rate (C/R), service per conception (S/C) and calving interval (CI). West Tompaso District in Minahasa Regency had applied AI as government program since 2013. However, the scientific information about the success of AI in that location has not been well documented. The aim of this study was to evaluate the success of AI on acceptor’s reproduction performance aspect. Total AI acceptor samples used in this study were 63 head of Ongole crossbred cows. Research was conducted using study case involving primary and secondary data sources. Collecting data was done by interviewing the farmers picked by purposive sampling method. Variables observed included C/R, S/C and CI analyzed by decriptive-qualitative data analysis. The result showed that C/R was 55,56%, S/C was 1,44 and CI was 359,6 days. Therefore, it can be concluded that the reproduction of Ongole crossbred cows as AI acceptors was categorized into good performance. Keywords : Ongole crossbred cows, artificial insemination, conception rate, service per conception, calving interval
ANALISIS USAHA KELOMPOK TANI TERNAK SAPI “PELITA” DI DESA TONSEWER KECAMATAN TOMPASO BARAT KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Arbi Jentry S.Lahe , Manese M. A.V , Lumenta I D.R. , Rundengan M L
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT ANALYSIS GROUP BUSINESS FARM ANIMALS CATTLE " PELITA " IN THE VILLAGE Tonsewer Tompaso WEST DISTRICT MINAHASA The aim of this research, analyzing the break even point (BEP) in cattle farming PO "Pelita Group" in the village Tonsewer. This study used survey method with primary and secondary data. Data were collected from September to October 2015, using the BEP analysis. Results of the study showed that the maintenance of 63 head of cattle during the first year, issued a total cost of Rp. 414.150.000-, with revenues of Rp. 714 246 250, and BEP revenues of Rp. 62,265,476.19 and BEP production is 6 head of cattle.   Keywords : Catlle, Farmer Group, BEP.
KECERNAAN PROTEIN DAN ENERGI RANSUM BROILER YANG MENGGUNAKAN TEPUNG MAGGOT (HERMETIA ILLUCENS) SEBAGAI PENGGANTI TEPUNG IKAN
Authors: Rambet Vanessa , Umboh J. F. , Tulung Y. L.R. , Kowel Y. H.S.
Published: July 2019

ENERGYANDPROTEIN DIGESTIBILITY OF BROILER CHICKEN CONSUMING MAGGOT (HERMETIA ILLUCENS) MEAL SUBSTITUTING FISH MEAL IN THE DIETS. As an animal feed, maggot from black soldier fly (Hermetia Illucens) has high protein and fat content. Yet, little is known about the digestibility of energy and protein in the diet containing maggot. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of substitution of fish meal with maggot meal in the diets on energy and protein digestibility of broiler chicken. Twenty chicks were assingned to each dietary treatment which was replicated four times in a completely randomized design (CRD). Tretaments were formulated as follow: R0 = 100% fish meal (15% in the diet) + 0% maggot meal (0% in the diet); R1 = 75% fish meal (11,25% in the diet) + 25% maggot meal (3.75% in the diet); R2 = 50% fish meal (7.5% in the diet) + 50% maggot meal (7.5% in the diet); R3 = 25% fish meal (3.75% in the diet) + 75% maggot meal (11.25% in the diet); and R4 = 0% fish meal (0% in the diet) + 100% maggot meal (15% in the diet). Parameters measured were energy and protein digestibility. Energy and protein digestibility were calculated using the indicator (internal lignin) method. All data was submitted to the ANOVA procedure for completely randomized design. Differences were considered significantat (P< 0.05). The results showed that dry matter, energy, and protein digestibility were increased significantly (P < 0.05) compared to R0, R2, R3, and R4. No significant difference (P > 0.05)  were found among R0, R2, R3, and R4. It can be concluded that the maggot flour is best used to the level of 25% replacing fish meal or 11.25% in the ration. However, the result of this study indicate that maggot flour can be used up to 100% replace fish meal in broiler chicken rations without any negative effect on digestibility of dry matter, energy, and protein. Keywords: Fish meal, maggot (Hermetia Illucens) meal, energy and protein digestibility.
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN KONSENTRASI LARUTAN ASAM ASETAT (CH3COOH) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK GELATIN KULIT KAKI AYAM
Authors: Pantow Indri M. , Sompie Meity , Mirah Arie Dp. , Karisoh Linda Ch. M.
Published: July 2019

THE EFFECT OF ACETIC ACID CONCENTRATION ON CHARACTERISTICS OF CHICKEN LEG SKIN GELATIN. This research was aimed to determine the effect of differenceacetic acid (CH3COOH) concentration on chicken legs skin gelatin. The experiment were determined by analysis of Completely Randomized Design with one factors and five replicates of treatments.The factor was concentration of acetic acid solution consisting 4 level (1, 3, 5 and 7%).The results showed that the difference  concentration acetic acid solution had high significant effect (P<0.01) on the the  yields, viscosity, gel strength and pH value ofchicken legs skin gelatin.Yield of chicken legskin gelatin was13.57 to 15.49%, viscocity was ranged between  4.30 to 5.76,  gel strength was 61.15 to 68.29 g Bloom and pH value was 5.24 to 5.58. The conclusion of this research was the chicken leg skin gelatin using acetic acid solution concentration 1 % to 7 % had the similar characteristics with the commercial gelatin and includedyields, viscosity, gel strength and pH value of Indonesian National Standard gelatin.   Key words : Acetic acid,  Gelatin and  Chicken legs skin
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN DAUN MURBEI (Morus alba) SEGAR SEBAGAI PENGGANTI SEBAGIAN RANSUM TERHADAP PERFORMANS BROILER
Authors: Tumewu Christian A. , Sompie F. N , Wolayan F. R. , Kowel Y. H.S.
Published: July 2019

THE EFFECT OF FRESH MURBEI (Morus alba ) LEAF INCLUSION IN THE DIETS ON BROILER CHICKEN PERFORMANCE. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of inclusion of fresh Murbey leaf (Morus alba) substituting part of diets on broiler chicken performance. Sixty broiler chicken aged 3 weeks were used in the present study. The dietary treatments were in Completely Randomized Design arrangement with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Treatments were fresh Murbey leaf (Morus alba) with several levels of inclusion in the diets    (R0 = 0%, R1 = 2%, R2 = 4%, dan  R3 = 6%). Parameters measured were: daily feed consumption, daily gain, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). All data was submitted to the ANOVA procedure for completely randomized design. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. Tukey's significant difference test was used to compare means. Research results showed that treatments gave a significant effect on parameters measured. The inclusion of fresh Murbey leaf   (Morus alba) of up to 6% in the diets significantly (P < 0.05) increased daily feed consumption, but significantly (P < 0.05) decreased daily gain, and significantly (P < 0.05) increased feed conversion ratio of brolier chicken in this experiment. It can be concluded that the inclusion of fresh Murbey leaf (Morus alba) of up to 4% in the diets gave the best broiler performance. Key words: Fresh Murbei (Morus alba), Daily feed consumption, Daily gain, Feed conversion ratio, Broiler performance