bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Activity of Ozone/Oxygen Gaseous Mixture against Caprine Herpesvirus Type 1 (CpHV-1) Strain Isolated from Vaginitis in Goat
Authors: Lillo Edoardo , Pellegrini Francesco , Rizzo Annalisa , Lanave Gianvito , Zizzadoro Claudia , Cicirelli Vincenzo , Catella Cristiana , Losurdo Michele , Martella Vito , Tempesta Maria , Camero Michele
Published: May 2023

Alphaherpesviruses cause genital lesions and reproductive failure in both humans and animals. Their control is mainly based on prevention by hygienic prophylactic measures, due to the ab-sence of vaccines and limitations of antiviral drug therapy. Ozone is an oxidating gas showing a strong microbicidal activity on bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa. The present study assessed the in vitro virucidal and antiviral activity of ozone against Caprine herpesvirus type 1. Virucidal activity of a gaseous mixture containing O3 at 20 and 50 μg /mL was assessed against the virus for different contact times (30 s, 60s, 90s, 120s, 180s and 300s). Antiviral activity of a gaseous mix-ture containing O3 at 20 and 50 μg /mL was evaluated against the virus to for 30s and 60s. Ozone displayed significant virucidal activity when used at all the tested concentrations whilst signifi-cant antiviral activity was observed using ozone at 50 μg/ml. The gaseous mixture, tested in the present study, showed virucidal and antiviral activity against CpHV-1 with a dose- and a time-contact -dependent fashion. Ozone therapy could be evaluated in vivo for the treatment of CpHV-1-induced genital lesions in goats, through topical applications.
The Central Fluid Percussion Brain Injury in a Gyrencephalic Pig Brain; Scalable Diffuse Injury and Tissue Viability for Glial Cell Immunolabeling Following Long-Term Refrigerated Storage
Authors: Pavlichenko Mark , Lafrenaye Audrey D.
Published: May 2023

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects millions of people annually, however, our knowledge of the diffuse pathologies associated with TBI is limited. As diffuse pathologies, including axonal injury and neuroinflammatory changes, are difficult to visualize in the clinical population, animal models are used. In the current study we used the central fluid percussion injury (CFPI) model in a micro pig to study the potential scalability of these diffuse pathologies in a gyrencephalic brain of a species with inflammatory systems very similar to humans. We found that both axonal injury and microglia activation within the thalamus and corpus callosum are positively correlated to the weight-normalized pressure pulse, while subtle changes in blood gas and mean arterial blood pressure are not. We also found that the majority of tissue generated up to 10 years previously is viable for immunofluorescent labeling after long-term refrigeration storage. This study indicates that a micro pig CFPI model could allow for specific investigations of various degree of diffuse pathological burdens following TBI.
Mycophenolate Interruption Restores Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Immunogenicity in Unresponsive Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Toniutto Pierluigi , Cussigh Annarosa , Cmet Sara , Fabris Martina , Curcio Francesco , Bitetto Davide , Fornasiere Ezio , Fumolo Elisa , Falleti Edmondo
Published: May 2023

Background & aims. The fourth dose of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine slightly improved the humoral response among previously seronegative liver transplant (LT) recipients. Mycophenolate (MMF) treatment worsens the vaccination response. This study aimed to evaluate whether temporary MMF interruption might improve immunogenicity of the fourth anti-SARS-CoV-2 BNT16b2 vaccine dose in nonresponsive LT recipients.
Methods. LT recipients negative for anti-spike glycoprotein-specific immunoglobulin G receptor-binding domain (s-RBD) antibodies after the third vaccine dose were enrolled. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T cell responses were measured before and two months following the fourth vaccine dose, and anti-SARS-CoV-2-s-RBD antibodies also 6 months thereafter. MMF was suspended two weeks before and after vaccination.
Results. Five LT recipients were enrolled. After a mean of 78 days after vaccination, all patients tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2-s-RBD antibodies. The mean antibody titer was 8944 UI/ml. The positive antibody response was maintained during a mean of 193 days of follow-up. Three patients developed a positive T cell response. Two patients (one positive for T cell response) developed a self-limited SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Conclusions. Suspending MMF prior to the fourth dose of anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine seems feasible and safe. This procedure could restore vaccine-induced immunogenicity in a large portion of previously nonresponsive LT recipients.
Research on Blood Pressure Monitoring Based on Flexible Encapsulated Sensors
Authors: Weihong Sun , Weidong Chang
Published: May 2023

In order to realize the accurate measurement of wearable sphygmomanometer, this paper selects the micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) pressure sensor with small size, low cost and high accuracy, and proposes a flexible packaging method combining Parylene and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The flexible packaging sensor protects the sensor chip while ensuring the comfort of the measured person. It can be worn for a long time, and the encapsulated sensor has good accuracy and sensitivity. At the same time, the encapsulated MEMS pressure sensor was used to collect good pulse signals and extract multiple pulse wave characteristic parameters. A blood pressure measurement method based on the combination of arterial tonometry method and pulse wave parameters method was proposed, and multiple machine learning algorithms were compared and analyzed to select the algorithm model with the smallest error as the optimal regressor. The experimental results show that the blood pressure measurement method combining the arterial tonometry method and the pulse wave parameters method can effectively improve the accuracy of blood pressure measurement. The experimental results demonstrate that the combination of arterial tonometry and pulse wave parameter methods can effectively enhance the accuracy of blood pressure measurement, with the random forest model serving as the optimal regressor. The average deviation between the systolic blood pressure measured by our self-made sphygmomanometer and the commercial sphygmomanometer was 0.86mmHg, with a standard deviation of 4.04mmHg. The average deviation of diastolic blood pressure was 0.63mmHg, with a standard deviation of 5.15mmHg, meeting the AAMI standard for clinical practice.
Improved Posttransplant Outcomes with HTK-Custodial When Compared to St. Thomas Solution for Preservation of the Cardiac Allograft
Authors: Dulguerov Filip , Abdurashidova Tamila , Christophel-Plathier¹ Emeline , Pitta-Gros Barbara , Nowacka Anna , Gunga Ziyad , Pfister Raymond , Verdugo-Marchese Mario , Rancati Valentina , Niclauss Lars , Tozzi Piergiorgio , Adelin Albert , Ltaief Zied , Rotman Samuel , Meyer Philippe , Hullin Roger , Kirsch Matthias
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The choice of Cardiac Preservation Solution (CPS) for myocardial protection at the time of heart procurement remains controversial and uncertainties persist regarding its effect on the early and midterm Heart Transplantation (HTx) outcomes. Thus, we retrospectively analyzed our adult HTx performed with two different CPS, during a period of 12 years, in terms of hospital mortality, mid-term survival, inotropic score, primary graft dysfunction and rejection score. Methods: From January 2009 to December 2020, 154 adult HT were performed in our hospital. Patients were divided in two groups according to the CPS used: St. Thomas (n=75, group P 1) and HTK-Custodiol (n=79, group P 2). The choice of CPS was related to an institutional policy; from 2009 to 2015, St. Thomas solution was exclusively used, and after that, HTK-Custodiol alone. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of preoperative and intraoperative features. Postoperatively, the Custodiol group showed significantly lower inotropic score (p<0.0001), mean rejection score (p= 0.036) and 30 days mortality (p=0.0068). The use of HTK-Custodiol was the only variable that improved midterm survival (HTK-Custodiol vs St Thomas, HR= 0.20 (95% CI: 0.069 -0.6) p=0.0039). Conclusion: In our single center experience, using HTK-Custodiol as myocardial protection during heart procurement leads to improved outcomes after HTx, including postoperative inotropic score, rejection score, 30-days mortality and midterm survival.
Ascorbic Acid Sensing by Molecularly Imprinted Electrosynthesized Polymer (e-MIP) on Screen-Printed Electrodes
Authors: Alberti Giancarla , Zanoni Camilla , Magnaghi Lisa Rita , Biesuz Raffaela
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the development of a cheap and rapid electrochemical sensor for ascorbic acid detection. In particular, the graphite ink working electrode of screen-printed cells was covered by a film of elecrosynthesized molecularly imprinted polypyrrole (e-MIP); differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was the selected method for the analyte detection. The ascorbic acid molecules were suc-cessfully entrapped in the polypyrrole film, creating the recognition sites. The best results were obtained after polypyrrole overoxidation and performing the measurements in phosphate buffer solution 0.05 M/KCl 0.1M at pH 7.5. The comparison with the bare and the not imprinted polypyrrole-modified electrodes showed the highest selectivity and reproducibility of the e-MIP-based sensor. The developed method was applied to assess ascorbic acid in farmaceutical products obtaining values not significantly different from the declared content.
Comparing the Performance of Different Classification Algorithms for Mapping and Assessing Land Cover Changes in Areas with Surface Mining and Complex Landscape Using Landsat Imagery
Authors: Vorovencii Iosif
Published: May 2023

In order to conduct an accurate classification of the heterogeneous landscape in Jiului Valley, Romania mining basing, four machine learning algorithms (SVMs) and two common algorithms (MLC and MD) have been compared, using a temporal series of Landsat satellite images from the period 1988-2017. By using independent validation, an accuracy assessment was established together with the analysis of the differences between the classification algorithms used. Although all six algorithms used have shown a high overall accuracy (ranging from 80.29% to 93.14%) and Kappa values (from 0.77 to 0.92), SVM-RBF appears to have a higher overall applicability in describing the spatial distribution and the cover density of each land cover category. Results have indicated a large difference in classification accuracy between the SVM-RBF algorithm and commonly used algorithms, the SVM-RBF algorithms have slightly outperformed the MLC with an overall accuracy of 7.14–8.86% and by 0.0833–0.1033 kappa coefficient. On the other hand, the same algorithm have outperformed the MD by and overall accuracy of 9.71–10.86% and by 0.1133–0.1267 kappa coefficient. By using SVM-RBF, certain classified maps have been developed and used for assessing changes by post classification comparison. The results have shown an average growth of 6.5% in mined areas over the studied period.
Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Seed Oil Exerts a Cytotoxic Role Over Colorectal Cancer Cells: Insights of Annexin A2 Regulation and Molecular Modeling
Authors: Da Silva Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto , Tessmann Josiane Weber , Borges Kátia Regina Assunção , Wolff Laís Araújo Souza , Botelho Fernanda D. , Vieira Leandro Alegria , Morgado-Diaz Jose A , França Tanos C. C. , Barbosa Maria do Carmo Lacerda , Nascimento Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão , Rocha Murilo R. , Carvalho João Ernesto de
Published: May 2023

Açaí, Euterpe oleracea Mart. is a native plant from the Amazonian and is rich in several phyto-chemicals with anti-tumor activities. The aim was to analyze the effects of açaí seed oil on colo-rectal adenocarcinoma (ADC) cells. In vitro analyses were performed on CACO-2, HCT-116, and HT-29 cell lines. The strains were treated with açaí seed oil for 24, 48, and 72 h, and cell viability, death, and morphology were analyzed. Molecular docking was performed to evaluate the inter-action between the major compounds in açaí seed oil and Annexin A2. The viability assay showed the cytotoxic effect of the oil in colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Acai seed oil induced increased apoptosis in CACO-2 and HCT-116 cells and interfered with the cell cycle. Western blotting showed increased expression of LC3-B, suggestive of autophagy, and annexin A2, an apoptosis regulatory protein. Molecular docking confirmed the interaction of major fatty acids with annexin A2, suggesting a role of açaí seed oil in modulating annexin A2 expression in these cancer cell lines. Our results suggest the antitumor potential of açaí seed oil in colorectal adeno-carcinoma cells and contribute to the development of an active drug from a known natural product.
A Dynamic Model of Profit Maximization for a Carsharing Services: Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Amirgaliyev Beibut , Kuchanskyi Oleksandr , Andrashko Yurii , Yedilkhan Didar
Published: May 2023

The study considers building a dynamic model of profit maximization for the car-sharing system and its verification on the example of implementing such a system in Astana (Republic of Kazakhstan). The region, bounded by the administrative boundaries of Astana, was divided into subregions by covering the region with regular hexagons placed side by side. A dataset was built with information on 1168 trips to Astana from January to March 2023. The Kepler visualization service constructed maps of the beginning and end of trips in the region and a map of trips binding to the hexagonal grid cells. Each cell of the grid corresponds to a specific sub-region, for which the quantitative parameters necessary for solving the profit maximization problem in the car-sharing system are calculated. Stations with cars will be placed in the cells of the grid, which will be available to car-sharing service customers. Based on the collected data, a dynamic (four periods per day) and static profit maximization model in the car-sharing system was built. Modeling was carried out based on the built models in the example of Astana. It was established that using a dynamic model of profit maximization in the car-sharing system increases the profit by 3.7%.
TRP Channels in Tumoral Processes Mediated by Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: Friends or Foes?
Authors: Piciu Florentina , Balas Mihaela , Badea Madalina Andreea , Cucu Dana
Published: May 2023

The channels from the superfamily of transient receptor potential (TRP) activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) are defined as redox channels. Those with the best exposure of the cysteine residues and hence the most sensitive to oxidative stress are TRPC4, TRPC5, TRPV1, TRPV4, and TRPA1, while others, such as TRPM2 and TRPM7 are indirectly activated by ROS. Activation by ROS has different effects on the tumorigenic process: some TRP channels may, upon activation, stimulate proliferation, apoptosis, or migration of cancer cells, while others inhibit these processes, depending on the cancer type, tumoral microenvironment and finally on the methods used for evaluation. Therefore, the use of these polymodal proteins as therapeutic targets is still an unmet need, despite their draggability and modulation by simple and mostly unharmful compounds. In this review, we intend to create some cellular models of the interaction between oxidative stress, TRP channels, and inflammation. Although the crosstalk between the three actors is rather theoretical, we intended to gather the recently published data and proposed pathways of cancer inhibition using modulators of TRP proteins, hoping that the experimental data corroborated with clinical information may finally bring the results from the bench to the bedside.
Understanding Cultural Similarities of Archaeological Sites from Excavation Reports Using Natural Language Processing Technique
Authors: Sakahira Fumihiro , Yamaguchi Yuji , Terano Takao
Published: May 2023

In this study, we applied natural language processing (NLP) techniques to texts of excavation reports on buried cultural properties to calculate the degree of similarity between the reports for determining archaeological sites that have a high degree of similarity. Specifically, we validated whether the similarity of sentence embeddings in the excavation reports of these sites is consistent with the existing classification. Four archaeological sites classified in existing archaeological research papers were used. For validation, 128 excavation reports from the four sites were used; sentence embeddings were obtained using Doc2Vec. We obtained the following results: 1) In applying NLP to excavation reports for determining the similarities of archaeological sites, merging the texts for each site into a single document and then processing it was more preferable than processing it in separate volumes of the excavation report. 2) The similarity based on sentence embedding of excavation reports using Doc2Vec was more consistent with the classification of the characteristics of archaeological sites than term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF). 3) When targeting a specific period, the sentence embedding exclusively for the text of the relevant period is consistent with the classification of the characteristics of the archaeological site from the artifacts and structural remains of that specific period. 4) When a specific period is targeted, the exclusive sentence embeddings of that period, obtained through the additive compositionality of sentence embeddings, can be used to classify the characteristics of archaeological sites based on the artifacts and structural remains on that period. Consequently, the similarities of texts based on NLP can reflect the similarities of archaeological sites. This holds true even for excavation reports that include spelling inconsistencies, optical character reader misrecognition, and garbled words.
Framework Design of an Edge Gateway System Supporting Multi-Protocol Standardized Access Detection
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyan , Chen Ruiguang , Li Jianwei , Li Chunlei , Chen Yan , Zhang Tianyao , Zhang Zhaohui
Published: May 2023

Recently, intelligent city construction has been promoted with the development of the Internet of things (IoT). The edge IoT gateway plays a critical role as the data aggregation core and processing center. Most existing gateways mainly solve heavy data storage and processing loads in cloud computing centers. There is less attention paid to multi-protocol data transmission and fusion. However, multiple products with different protocols in an IoT system require a flexible gateway compatible with multiple protocols. This paper proposes a multi-protocol edge gateway. The frame design was based on the actual demand for edge data acquisition. The gateway hardware platform used an RK3399 chip transplanted from the embedded operating system. It could support simultaneous multi-protocol access to ZigBee, LoRa, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi. We combined the plug-and-play (PnP) hardware device access detection scheme with the system onboard interface driver to realize dynamic access detection and unified device management. In addition, the gateway also integrated data storage and access functions and partial edge computing functions. Finally, the experiment results verified that the multi-protocol edge gateway could meet the demand for data access and device control.
Distributed Intelligent Electrode Conversion Device Based on Power Line Carrier Communication
Authors: Zhang Ding , Dong Hao-Bin
Published: May 2023

This paper develops an intelligent electrode conversion device for distributed high-density resistivity meter. The direct-current (DC) power line communication (PLC) technology is used for developing the instrument. The relay switch array based on a three-wire cable is designed and circuit simulation verification is carried out. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposal.
New Considerations in ACL Surgery
Authors: Baker Hayden P. , Bowen Edward , Sheean Andrew , Bedi Asheesh
Published: May 2023

➤ Clinicians should be careful to assess for associated injuries including anterolateral complex and medial meniscal ramp lesions or lateral meniscal posterior root tears.

➤ Consideration of lateral extra-articular augmentation should be given for patients with >12° of posterior tibial slope.

➤ Patients with preoperative knee hyperextension (>5°) or other nonmodifiable risk factors, including high-risk osseous geometry, may benefit from a concomitant anterolateral augmentation procedure to improve rotational stability.

➤ Meniscal lesions should be addressed at the time of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with meniscal root or ramp repair.
Effect of Various Aspects of Joints on Permeability of Jointed Glacial Till, Northeastern Ohio
Authors: Prvanovic Aleksandar , Shakoor Abdul
Published: May 2023

Glacial till bluffs along Lake Erie's shoreline, northeastern Ohio, contain three sets of joints that influence the hydraulic behavior of till mass like joints in rock influence the hydraulic behavior of rock mass. According to the Unified Soil Classification System, the till classifies as low plasticity silt to low plasticity clay, with a clay content of 36–41 percent. Mineralogically, it consists of quartz, illite, and kaolinite. The joints in till are either open or filled with sand, silt, or both from the overlying lacustrine material or with disintegrated till from the joint walls. We used double-ring infiltration and dye tests to estimate field permeability. Laboratory permeability tests were performed on dry and saturated samples of till material, with manually created joints that were either kept open or filled with sand or disintegrated till material to simulate field conditions. Field and laboratory test results showed that permeability of jointed till depended upon whether the joints were open or filled, the nature of the joint-filling material, and the water content of the till (dry versus saturated) and that permeability generally decreased with increasing test time. Dry samples exhibited a substantially larger decrease in permeability than saturated samples, with the largest decrease occurring during the first 24 hours. Open joints in dry samples collapsed during the test procedure, and the permeability of these samples was generally similar to the permeability of the collapsed till material. Permeability tests on saturated samples with open joints were inconclusive. We present a comparison of field and laboratory test results.
Nado en aguas abiertas en Uruguay: análisis del fenómeno de expansión de la práctica tras la pandemia por Covid-19
Authors: Pedragosa María
Published: May 2023

Antecedentes: El nado en aguas abiertas en Uruguay ha estado principalmente asociado a competencias de verano. Sin embargo, luego de la imposición de restricciones por la pandemia de Covid-19, se ha observado un aumento de personas aficionadas a la práctica y la misma se ha extendido a todo el año.
Objetivos: Indagar en el fenómeno de expansión del nado en aguas abiertas y en las características y motivaciones de los nadadores antes y después de la pandemia por Covid-19.
Método: Realización y análisis de encuesta digital enviada a nadadores de aguas abiertas.
Resultados: El número de nadadores se ha duplicado luego de las restricciones. La  mayoría de los que ya nadaban en aguas abiertas, estuvieron vinculados al nado competitivo en algún momento de su vida mientras que la mayoría de quienes se iniciaron durante la pandemia, no.  La motivación actual por la práctica parece estar vinculada a la reconexión con el entorno natural, el bienestar emocional y al encuentro con otros.  
Conclusiones: Se demuestra que el alto nivel deportivo no es necesario para el desarrollo de la práctica, aunque tampoco suficiente. Por otra parte, se concluye que el nado en aguas abiertas ha dejado de ser una práctica de verano ligada mayoritariamente  a la competición, para ser una práctica con valor en si misma, de disfrute, y extendida a todo el año. El nado en aguas abiertas en Uruguay ha sido resignificado.
Palabras clave: naturaleza, cuerpos de agua, competencias acuáticas, seguridad acuática.
La evaluación y control del rendimiento en natación
Authors: Juárez Santos-García Daniel
Published: May 2023

En muchas competiciones de natación, sobre todo en nadadores de alto nivel, las diferencias en el tiempo son mínimas, por lo que cualquier mejora en el entrenamiento puede resultar fundamental para poder obtener el éxico o batir una marca. Entre todos los factores que contribuyen al resultado, la evaluación y el control del rendimiento serán variables de gran interés para poder analizar lo que sucede y actuar en consecuencia...
Different susceptibility to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma induced by diethylnitrosamine in female and male C3H mice
Authors: Montagna Daniela Romina , Todero María Florencia , Postma Gabriela , Trigo Roberto , Bernal Alan , Bustuoabad Oscar , Alemán Mercedes , Vermeulen Mónica , Duarte Alejandra , Ruggiero Raúl
Published: May 2023

Histopathological features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) in mice displays strong similarities with those seen in humans, including the higher tumor prevalence in males than in females. Previous studies have demonstrated that continual production of the pro-inflammatory IL-6 by Kupffer cells is involved in the initiation and progression of DEN-induced HCC and that estrogen-mediated reduction of IL-6 secretion would decrease its incidence in females. However, the mechanisms by which different IL-6 concentrations affect tumor growth are not entirely understood. In this model, we demonstrated that the increased tumor growth observed in males accompanied significant liver damage and larger chronic inflammatory areas. Most tumors were placed into or close to senescent areas (detected by expression of β-galactosidase), and these areas were more extensive in DEN-treated males than in similarly-treated female mice. Further, different markers of systemic and regional immunosuppression (such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, PD-1 expression in CD8 T cells, number of PD-L1 + myeloid-derived suppressor cells, etc.) were significantly higher in males than in females from the time the tumors started their exponential growth, suggesting that immunosuppressive mechanisms could contribute to the accelerated tumor growth observed in males. The relationship between chronic inflammation and immunosuppression has been previously documented. In contrast, little is known about the link between senescence and immunosuppression, raising the possibility that senescence may contribute to tumor growth by mechanisms other than immunological. Comparative studies between susceptible and resistant hosts to chemical carcinogenesis may help to unveil novel therapeutic strategies against cancer.
The maternal history of tribal populations of Chhattisgarh India
Authors: Dixit Shivani , Shrivastava Pankaj , Rana Manisha , Kushwaha Pushpesh , Shrivastava Divya , Kumawat R. K. , Singh Prajjval Pratap , Tiwary Sachin K. , Chauhan Neeraj K. , Chaubey Gyaneshwer
Published: May 2023

The central region of India is incredibly rich in tribal heritage. It is the most frequent Indian state in terms of tribal population. Understanding the genetic history of the tribal population of India may add detailed information about various demographic processes, including social upliftment. However, to understand these microevolutionary processes, high-resolution genetic analysis is warranted. Therefore, we have used cutting-edge Next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques and sequenced the mitogenomes of 25 random samples from two major (Gond and Kanwar) tribal populations for complete mitogenome analysis. We aimed to understand the initial peopling of Chhattisgarh from a maternal perspective. The complete genome sequencing enabled us to identify several novel sub-haplogroups. Our results suggested an early expansion and proliferation of maternal ancestry rooted in the time of initial settlement of the subcontinent, which has reached near saturation during 25-30Kya. At the background of founding lineages M and N, we identified maternal haplogroups M2, R5 and U2 as three basal founding haplogroups of this region. Overall, we suggest a high effective (Ne) maternal population in Central India during 25Kya, sustained during the Last Glacial Maximus(LGM).
Action Planning for Building Program Sustainability: Results from a Group-Randomized Trial
Authors: Moreland-Russell Sarah , Combs Todd , Gannon Jessica , Jost Eliot , Saliba Louise Farah , Prewitt Kimberly , Luke Douglas , Brownson Ross C
Published: May 2023

Background: Public health programs are charged with implementing evidence-based interventions to support public health improvement, however, to achieve long term population based benefit these interventions must be sustained. Empirical evidence suggests that program sustainability can be improved through training and technical assistance, but few resources are available to support public health programs in building capacity for sustainability.
Methods: This study sought to build capacity for sustainability among state tobacco control programs through a multiyear, group-randomized trial that developed, tested, and evaluated a novel Program Sustainability Action Planning Model and Training Curricula. Using Kolb’s experiential learning theory, we developed this action-oriented training model to address the program-related domains proven to impact capacity for sustainability as outlined in the Program Sustainability Framework. We evaluated the intervention using a longitudinal mixed-effects model using Program Sustainability Assessment (PSAT) scores from three time points. The main predictors in our model included group (control vs intervention) and type of dosage (active and passive). Covariates included state level American Lung Association score (proxy for tobacco control policy environment) and percent of CDC-recommended funding (proxy for program resources).
Results: Twenty-three of the 24 state tobacco control programs were included in the analyses: 11 received the training intervention and 12 were control. Results of the longitudinal mixed-effects linear regression model, where the annual PSAT score was the outcome, showed that states in the intervention condition reported significantly higher PSAT scores. The effects for CDC-recommended funding and American Lung Association smoke-free scores (proxy for policy environment) were small but statistically significant.
Conclusion: This study found that the Program Sustainability Action Planning Model and Training Curricula was effective in building capacity for sustainability. The training was most beneficial for programs that had made less policy progress than others, implying that tailored training may be most appropriate for programs possibly struggling to make progress. Finally, while funding had a small, statistically significant effect in our model, it virtually made no difference for the average program in our study. This suggests that other factors may be more or equally important as the level of funding a program receives.
Trial registration: NCT03598114, Registered on July 26, 2018 (clnicaltrials.gov/NCT03598114)
A novel multi-antigenic parapoxvirus-based vaccine demonstrates efficacy in protecting hamsters and non-human primates against SARS-CoV-2 challenge
Authors: Reguzova Alena , Sigle Melanie , Pagallies Felix , Salomon Ferdinand , Rziha Hanns-Joachim , Bittner-Schrader Zsofia , Verstrepen Babs , Böszörményi Kinga , Verschoor Ernst , Elbers Knut , Esen Meral , Manenti Alessandro , Monti Martina , Derouazi Madiha , Rammensee Hans-Georg , Löffler Markus , Amann Ralf
Published: May 2023

The next generation of COVID-19 vaccines needs to broaden the antigenic repertoire to improve breadth of immune response and efficacy against emerging variants of concern. This study describes a new parapoxvirus-based vector (ORFV) as a platform to design a multi-antigenic vaccine targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid antigens. Two vaccine candidates were engineered, one expressing spike protein alone (ORFV-S) and the other co-expressing the more conserved nucleocapsid protein (ORFV-S/N). Both vaccines elicited comparable levels of spike-specific antibodies and virus neutralization in mice. In a SARS-CoV-2 challenge model in hamsters, the multi-antigenic ORFV-S/N vaccine conferred protection in the upper and lower respiratory tract, while the ORFV-S-vaccinated animals showed protection restricted to the lungs. Similarly, in a non-human primates challenge model, vaccination with the ORFV-S/N vaccine resulted in rapid onset and long-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. These results demonstrate the potential of ORFV as a platform for prophylactic vaccination and support ongoing first-in-man studies with the multi-antigenic ORFV vaccine.
Assessment of cyanotoxins in water and fish in an African freshwater lagoon (Lagoon Aghien, Ivory Coast) and the application of WHO guidelines
Authors: Yao Eric Kouamé , Ahoutou Mathias Koffi , Olokotum Mark , Hamlaoui Sahima , Lance Emilie , Marie Benjamin , Bernard Cecile , Djeha Rosine Yao , Quiblier Catherine , Humbert Jean-François , Coulibaly Julien Kalpy
Published: May 2023

In comparison with northern countries, limited data are available on the occurrence and potential toxicity of cyanobacterial blooms in lakes and ponds in Sub-Saharan countries. With the aim of enhancing our knowledge on cyanobacteria and their toxins in Africa, we performed a 17-month monitoring of a freshwater ecosystem, Lagoon Aghien (Ivory Coast), which is used for multiple practices by riverine populations and for drinking water production in Abidjan city. The richness and diversity of the cyanobacterial community were high and displayed few variations during the entire survey. The monthly average abundances ranged from 4.1x104 cell mL− 1 to 1.8x105 cell mL− 1, with higher abundances recorded during the dry seasons. Among the five cyanotoxin families analyzed, only microcystins (MC) were detected with concentrations ranging from 0 to 0.364 µg L− 1 in phytoplankton cells, from 32 to 1,092 µg kg− 1 fresh weight of fish intestines and from 33 to 383 µg kg− 1 in fish livers. Even if the MC concentrations in water and fish are low, usually below the thresholds defined in WHO guidelines, these data raise the issue of the relevance of these WHO guidelines for Sub-Saharan Africa, where local populations are exposed throughout the year to these toxins in multiple ways.
Effect of manual therapy on tinnitus in patients with TMJ
Authors: Kmeid Elio , Fersan Gerard , Romanos³ Michael , Tawk Mirna , Jalkh Edmond
Published: May 2023

Background: Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is a frequent manifestation in the Lebanese population. It comes up frequently as a diagnosis for a myriad of symptoms. Tinnitus, along with headaches and referred otalgia are among the common presentations.
Methods: A retrospective study investigated the difference in tinnitus severity between physiotherapy (interventional group) and the control group (no intervention) in patients with TMJ using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score.
Results: THI was significantly reduced in the physiotherapy group. Gender appears to affect the outcome in favor of women, most likely due to their positive response to physiotherapy.
Conclusion: Physiotherapy along with patient education about oral parafunctional habits significantly reduces the severity of tinnitus. Females appear to benefit more than males, most likely due to their positive response to initiating therapy.
Identification of crosstalk and immune related genes between Periodontitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis and construction of the ceRNA Network
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxue , Zhang Xinran , Zhang Tingting
Published: May 2023

Background and Objectives
Our investigation intended to explore the association of immune regulatory factors between PD and RA.
Methods
The PD and RA expression data were obtained from GEO database. The differentially expressed mRNAs(DEGs) were identified and significant modules on both diseases were selected by WGCNA. Four key genes were analyzed by the ROC, gene correlation and external datasets. Single gene GSEA was used to conduct a functional enrichment analysis. The ceRNA networks were established. CIBERSOFT algorithm and Toxicogenomics analysis were performed to show the difference and similarity between both diseases.
Results
Four key genes (IL10RA, RAC2, BTK and CD48) were identified. Two target miRNAs of key genes, hsa-miR-1271-5p and hsa-let-7e-5p, were analyzed to build 9 lncRNA- 2 miRNA- 4 genes ceRNA networks on PD and 16 lncRNA-2 miRNA-4 genes ceRNA network on RA. Four key genes represented a higher diagnostic accuracy and higher correction with each other on both diseases. GSEA result expressed key genes were involved in different pathways on both disease. The similarity and difference in the immunocytes infiltration levels of PD and RA were observed.
Conclusions
We identified four key genes and built ceRNA networks separately. Our study attempted to elaborate the common immune related mechanism of association between PD and RA.
Capacity Analysis and Determinants of the Global Covid-19 Vaccine Distribution Process
Authors: Hegde Sharika J. , Ng Max T.M. , Rios Marcos , Mahmassani Hani S. , Chen Ying , Smilowitz Karen
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 vaccine development, manufacturing, transportation, and administration proved an extreme logistics operation of global magnitude. Global vaccination levels, however, remain a key concern in preventing the emergence of new strains and minimizing the impact of the pandemic’s disruption of daily life. In this paper, country-level vaccination rates are analyzed through a queuing framework to extract service rates that represent the practical capacity of a country to administer vaccines. These rates are further characterized through regression and interpretable machine learning methods with country-level demographic, governmental, and socio-economic variates. Model results show that participation in multi-governmental collaborations such as COVAX may improve the ability to vaccinate. Similarly, improved transportation and accessibility variates such as roads per area for low-income countries and rail lines per area for high-income countries can improve rates. It was also found that for low-income countries specifically, improvements in basic and health infrastructure (as measured through spending on healthcare, number of doctors and hospital beds per 100k, population percent with access to electricity, life expectancy, and vehicles per 1000 people) resulted in higher vaccination rates. Of the high-income countries, those with larger 65 + populations struggled to vaccinate at high rates, indicating potential accessibility issues for the elderly. This study finds that improving basic and health infrastructure, focusing on accessibility in the last mile, particularly for the elderly, and fostering global partnerships can improve logistical operations of such a scale. Such structural impediments and inequities in global health care must be addressed in preparation for future global public health crises.
Inter-rater reliability and preparation features for diverse grading scales analyzing computer-based grading of 1465 preparations Running title: Inter-rater reliability and preparation features analyzing 1465 preparations
Authors: Liebermann Anja , Winter Anna , Schmid-Zellner Stefanie , Le Vinzenz , Erdelt Kurt
Published: May 2023

Background:Preparation exercises represent an essential part in the study of dentistry. Digital grading software can be used for evaluation of prepared artificial teeth, which is mainly based on limited number of teeth and raters. In order to improve a standardized evaluation of preparations, the aim of this study was to assess the inter-rater reliability of a high number of teeth by different raters and, to evaluate specific preparation features.Methods:Therefore, a total of 1465 preparations of an artificial lower molar were evaluated with grades from 1 to 5 by four dentists out of three dental schools, and inter-rater reliability was calculated. A specific analysis program was used for objective evaluation of the preparation. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson chi-square test, and reliability analysis with a level of significance of p= 0.05.Results:The median value of all grades was 2.75 (IQR: 1.35). Lowest grade variance of 0.00 within the raters’ evaluations was observed in grade group 1. Grade variance of evaluations with grades 1 and 2 differed significantly from all the other grade groups (p≤0.003). The inter-rater reliability factor of all grade groups together was 0.958.Conclusion:Inter-rater reliability was very high, which indicates very good correlation of the given grades. The objective evaluation of preparation features has worsened with ascending grade groups. Significant differences within the grade groups indicate higher agreement when evaluating good preparations. The objective feature convergence and preparation angle, marginal width, and stump height have a crucial impact on evaluation.
When Indian mother delivers neonates larger than 4000 grams: Possibly maternal characteristics and newborn’s sex play decisive role associated with fetal macrosomia
Authors: Das Priya , Das Tanu , Das Partha , Saha Subhadeep , Roy Tamal Basu
Published: May 2023

Background
A new born’s birth weight occur ≥ 4000 grams is defined as fetal macrosomia, recognized as a serious reproductive and child health problem, directly or indirectly can contribute to severe maternal, fetal and neonatal morbidity, mortality and disability worldwide.
Objectives
Our present study aims to analyse the role of maternal factors and newborn’s sex resulting fetal macrosomia in Indian context.
Methods
Data were drawn from the fifth round of National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), conducted in India during 2019–2021. A cross-sectional observational study was carried out with a total of 152, 827 children born to women in reproductive age group (15–49) who had most recent live birth in the past five years preceding the survey. Descriptive analyses, cross-tabulation, test of association through Pearson’s chi-squared test and finally binary logistic regression analyses were performed to fulfil the study objectives.
Results
In India, the prevalence of macrosomia was found 3% of total study participants (n = 152,827). Considering new born characteristics, fetal macrosomia was prevalent among the male neonates. Giving importance regarding maternal characteristics, overweight and obese mothers, having gestational diabetes and hypertension were more vulnerable to give birth of macrosomic babies. Besides, the multiparous mothers and the women who did not undergo through proper ANC follow up, had also greater risks of developing fetal macrosomia. Even, muslim women, and women belonged to scheduled tribe category were significantly associated with the risk of having fetal macrosomia.
Which comorbidity index is more appropriate for geriatric patients from the frailty perspective?
Authors: HAFIZOGLU Merve , Cömertoğlu Ezgi Odacı , Öztürk Yelda , Kahyaoğlu Zeynep , Çavuşoğlu Çağatay , Balcı Cafer , Halil Meltem Gülhan , Aki Özlem Erden , Cankurtaran Mustafa , Dogu Burcu Balam
Published: May 2023

Objectives: This study examined the relationship between comorbidity indices and comprehensive geriatric assessment including psychologic, social frailty, and geropsychiatric evaluation.
Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with 136 community-dwelling older adults. The relationship of 4 comorbidity indices (CIRS-G, ACCI, GIC, ICED) with 3 different frailty scales (FRAIL, CFS, TFI) was examined.
Results: Overall, 58.8% of the participants were living with frailty according to the TFI, 47.7% of them living with psychological frailty, and 28.6% of them living with social frailty. There were significant and moderate correlations between CIRS-G and FRAIL, CFS and TFI total scores, TFI-Psychological scores and TFI-Social scores (respectively; p<0.001, r = 0.530; p<0.001, r = 0.471; p<0.001, r = 0.535; p<0.001, r = 0.402; p= 0.016 r = 0.206). AUC for CIRS-G was calculated as 0.746 among comorbidity indices in predicting the presence of frailty according to the TFI (p<0.001, 95%CI [0.66-0.82]), for ACCI AUC was 0.631 (p=0.01, 95%CI [0.53-0.72]), for GIC AUC was 0.595 (p=0.059, 95%CI [0.49-0.69]), for ICED AUC was 0.666 (p=0.001, 95%CI [0.57-0.75]).
Conclusion: The CIRS-G index was found to be superior to other indices in predicting the presence of frailty of comorbidity indices, and only GIC scores showed significant results in predicting mortality. However, it would be incomplete to conclude with a comorbidity index alone by ignoring the results of comprehensive geriatric assessment.
Suicidal behaviors among active-duty U.S. service members: data from the 2018 Health Related Behaviors Survey
Authors: Ahmed Anwar , Yim Michael , Dawood Jimmy , Olsen Cara , Waters Andrew , Singer Darrell , Mancuso James
Published: May 2023

Background
From 2006–2021, suicide was the second leading cause of death among U.S. active-duty military service members (SMs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of past-year suicidal ideation (SI) and attempts (SA) among active-duty SMs; to determine whether differences exist by age, sex, and race; and to assess whether prevalence estimates vary by risk profiles of mental health conditions and substance use.
Method
Data were from the 2018 Health-Related Behaviors Survey (HRBS), a cross-sectional survey of active-duty SMs (n = 17,166). We used the logistic model to identify factors of SI and SA and latent class analysis (LCA) to identify the risk profiles.
RESULTS
Among active duty SMs, 8.26% had SI and 1.25% had SA in the past year. Among SMs with past-year SI, 14.19% attempted suicide. Mental health conditions were associated with higher odds of SI and SA, as were younger ages; LGB identity; being separated, divorced, or widowed; use of e-cigarettes, dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes, or drugs; and history of deployment of less than 12 months. The LCA identified patterns of SI and SA according to illegal drug use, tobacco use, alcohol use, and mental health risk profiles.
Conclusions
Despite the resources and increased access provided for mental health support, the prevalence of SI among active-duty SMs is greater than in the general population of the same age, likely due to additional military exposures and stressors. This study highlights the need for intensive interventions to detect, mitigate and prevent suicidal behaviors, particularly among those with higher risk profiles.