bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O USO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NO ENSINO A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Beck Viviane Aparecida Damian , Escobar Cristiane Tonetto , Machado João Carlos , Ferreira Mariza Batista de Sousa , Narciso Rodi
Published: September 2023

A tecnologia é responsável por grande parte dos avanços da sociedade, gerando assim uma demanda para a educação. A inteligência artificial (IA) possibilita a inserção de ferramentas que facilitam a construção da aprendizagem propiciando automação dos processos. A IA pode ser utilizada para criar recursos de ensino adaptativos, que podem ajustar o conteúdo e a dificuldade de acordo com o nível de habilidade do aluno, analisar dados de seu desempenho e fornecer feedback personalizado, ajudando-os a identificar áreas em que precisam melhorar e fornecendo recursos adicionais para ajudá-los a superar dificuldades. Assim, pode-se afirmar que a utilização da Inteligência Artificial com objetivos educacionais representa um ótimo instrumento para a construção do conhecimento de modo que pode acompanhar e traçar objetivos e estratégias para o ensino-aprendizagem. Por isso este trabalho que foi efetuado com pesquisa qualitativa por meio de material bibliográfico e embasado nos teóricos Bittar (2010), Valdati (2020), Yang (2012), Kerckhove (2003) e Ozyurt (2013), tem como objetivo enfatizar a importância do uso da IA no ensino a distância.
A METODOLOGIA DE ROTAÇÃO POR ESTAÇÕES
Authors: Guimarães Maria da Conceição Barbosa , Coelho Ana Maria Lemes , Abreu Antonio Jerri Castro de , Martini Mara de Fátima , Alves Vânia Rosa
Published: September 2023

O paper em questão trata da metodologia de ensino conhecida como rotação por estações, que tem como objetivo promover a aprendizagem ativa e personalizada dos alunos. Através desta metodologia, os estudantes são divididos em grupos e passam por diferentes estações de aprendizagem. O professor desempenha um papel fundamental neste processo, devendo ser capaz de criar atividades criativas e estimulantes para os alunos, além de estar preparado para lidar com desafios como a gestão de tempo e a avaliação individualizada. Apesar dos benefícios evidentes da rotação por estações, existem desafios práticos que devem ser enfrentados na sua implementação, como a necessidade de adaptar as atividades ao nível de conhecimento dos alunos e a disponibilidade de recursos adequados. A pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar a aplicação da rotação por estações na prática educativa, o perfil dos docentes e desafios encontrados nessa prática. A metodologia utilizada para esta pesquisa foi a revisão bibliográfica, a fim de compilar informações relevantes sobre o tema. Com essa pesquisa conclui-se que essa metodologia pode ser útil para outros educadores que buscam implementar essa prática.
A MOTIVAÇÃO DO ESTUDANTE NO AMBIENTE VIRTUAL DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Pereira Filomena Alves , Nobre Daniel Bruno Anunciação , Capilupe Luciana Lopes Araújo , Silva Rodrigo Alexander de Magalhães , Silva Júnior Sebastião Lopes da
Published: September 2023

Em termos de aprendizado, buscar a motivação do aluno constitui numa das contínuas preocupações dos profissionais que exercem suas atividades no cenário educacional. Isso pelo fato de que se está diante de uma geração que demonstra uma utilização intensa de ferramentas e aplicativos com tecnologia digital, e os estudos que surgem atualmente convergem seu foco para investigar as possíveis colaborações dessas tecnologias para que a motivação venha a ser garantida e mantida entre os estudantes, até mesmo porque a aprendizagem somente será completa caso o estudante esteja motivado para absorver os conteúdos. Tendo em vista este cenário, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a motivação dos estudantes para o ensino e-learning, como forma de contribuição para os estudos existentes acerca da temática. Para isso, também foram caracterizados o ambiente de aprendizagem e a motivação. A metodologia utilizada se deu por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, promovendo análise de literatura científica acerca do tema em questão, pela pesquisa em livros, trabalhos acadêmicos, sintetizando os resultados encontrados e evidenciando a discussão dos mesmos. Pôde-se concluir que a motivação é uma linha tênue no ambiente virtual, onde pode proporcionar novas formas de aprendizagem, como também pode deixar o aluno desmotivado, devendo ser implantadas metodologias que tragam o aluno para o centro do processo, fazendo-o se sentir motivado.
A GERAÇÃO SCREENAGERS E OS DESAFIOS DA EDUCAÇÃO DIGITAL
Authors: Santos Silvana Maria Aparecida Viana , Stekich Cassia Danielle Lonardoni do Nascimento , Ribeiro Helena Maria , Pena Renata Carvalho Durães , Silva Tatiana Petúlia Araújo da
Published: September 2023

Este artigo aborda os desafios e oportunidades da geração screenagers, também conhecida como geração digital, no contexto educacional. A imersão desses jovens na tecnologia desde cedo apresenta uma série de desafios, como a falta de concentração e o desenvolvimento de habilidades sociais e emocionais. No entanto, também traz oportunidades únicas, como a familiaridade intuitiva com a tecnologia e a capacidade de aprendizado multimídia e interativo. O objetivo deste estudo é refletir sobre os impactos da geração screenagers na educação, considerando a incorporação eficaz da tecnologia no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A metodologia utilizada baseia-se na revisão de autores e pesquisadores que analisam a relação entre a geração screenagers e a educação. Por meio dessa análise, busca-se compreender os desafios enfrentados por professores e escolas, bem como as expectativas e necessidades dessa nova geração. O artigo conclui ressaltando a importância de um equilíbrio entre a tecnologia e as práticas pedagógicas tradicionais, e a necessidade de adaptação das abordagens educacionais para atender às demandas da geração screenagers.
MOTIVAÇÃO PARA OS ESTUDANTES NO AMBIENTE E-LEARNING
Authors: Araujo Camila Sabino de , Almeida Agnólia Pereira de , Ferreira Joelson Miranda , Bezerra Olinderge Priscilla Câmara , Magalhães Pedro Soares
Published: September 2023

A motivação é uma manifestação íntima, da qual cada indivíduo apresenta a suas indicações próprias, no entanto, no geral ela fornecerá estímulos internos para que de alguma forma a pessoa aja de certa maneira, Diante disso, o objetivo é abordarmos a motivação para os estudantes no ambiente e-learning, metodologicamente utilizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica, abordando tópicos como introdução, desenvolvimento com subtítulos como o conceito de motivação, ambiente de aprendizagem e e-learning e como promover a motivação no e-learning, e Considerações finais. Logo, realizamos uma breve análise do conceito de motivação inicialmente no âmbito psicológico, depois atribuindo para a educação, em seguida analisamos sucintamente o ambiente de aprendizagem , e como foi utilizada inicialmente na educação tradicional assim como no e-learning, adiante buscamos verificar referências da motivação no e-learning. A justificativa se dá devido a importância de buscarmos estratégias e melhorar o desempenho nas práticas pedagógicas, já que a motivação é fundamental para o desenvolvimento humano. E para concluir, realizamos reflexões quanto a motivação para os estudantes do e-learning em considerações finais.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DOS RECURSOS TECNOLÓGICOS DURANTE A PANDEMIA COVID-19
Authors: Meroto Monique Bolonha das Neves , Almeida Agnólia Pereira de , Polizello Ângela A p. de A. , Ribeiro Claudia , Santos Silvana Maria Aparecida Viana
Published: September 2023

A tecnologia contribuiu para o desenvolvimento da Educação, principalmente com o surgimento da pandemia Covid-19, havendo necessidade de mudanças urgentes. Este artigo descreve situações ocorridas no período da pandemia relacionados a educação, as necessidades vivenciadas no período pandêmico por professores, alunos, equipe e a diretora escolar, autora deste artigo. O isolamento social e a necessidade de continuação do ensino ocasionaram na implantação das aulas remotas nas escolas brasileiras. Em seguida, surgiu o ensino híbrido como oportunidade de aprendizado, utilizando a tecnologia a serviço da educação. O estudo deste artigo teve como principais objetivos identificar o uso dos recursos tecnológicos como meio favorável das aulas durante a pandemia, suas necessidades, as dificuldades e desafios diante a estes recursos. O resultado adquirido apresentou que muitos profissionais já utilizavam a tecnologia, porém tiveram que intensificar o uso e houve necessidade de capacitação para a nova forma de ensino. Surgiu a necessidade de alteração no currículo escolar para atender estudantes e profissionais com acesso à internet para estudos de forma online, e também a modificação da nossa forma de ensino, sendo mais atraente e inovadora, utilizando a tecnologia. A pandemia nos mostrou o quanto estávamos defasados na educação se tratando de tecnologia e informatização. Também percebemos que essa ação trouxe acentuação na desigualdade social entre os alunos.
O WEB CURRÍCULO NA INTERAÇÃO DAS TECNOLOGIAS ARTICULADAS AO CURRÍCULO NA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Dias Graciele , Almeida Agnólia Pereira de , Andrade Jaqueline Edy de , Pareschi Sheila Costa Silva , Modesto Valéria Teixeira
Published: September 2023

O documento traz como temática a web currículo na interação das tecnologias articuladas ao currículo na educação a distância, tendo como objetivo identificar as características entre web currículo e currículo na educação a distância, articulado a aplicabilidade de propiciar os conhecimentos científicos com base no que o estudante traz de sua vivência. A integração das tecnologias no processo de ensino aprendizagem tem assumido um papel de destaque entre as possibilidades e desafios dos dias atuais na educação. Sabe-se que se tem discutido muito a respeito e algumas pesquisas recentes mostram que incorporar as tecnologias ao currículo, ainda é um grande desafio, as novas abordagens, que fazem parte das experiências dos alunos e das instituições de ensino, visto ser uma inovação que está interligada às novas metodologias, a interatividade e a formação docente. As tecnologias hoje em dia têm que estar presente nos espaços da sala de aula, de fácil acesso no momento da necessidade dos alunos, estas por sua vez devem ser vistas como uma grande aliada ao currículo escolar, proporcionando um ambiente de aprendizagem rico em informações, dinâmico e interativo.  Ao utilizar as tecnologias, aliada ao web-currículo e articulando as práticas pedagógicas, os professores propõem atividades diversificadas que são realizadas ao longo do processo, qualificando o trabalho na formação de cidadãos éticos e estéticos. Diante deste, o uso das TICs pode auxiliar justamente, quando trabalhado com um currículo internacionalizado, com a avaliação dos processos sendo possível identificar os avanços e dificuldades do aluno.
O PAPEL DO PROFESSOR E O AMBIENTE DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Almeida Agnólia Pereira de , Araújo Adriana Persin de , Andrade Clair de , Nascimento José Leônidas Alves do , Narciso Rodi
Published: September 2023

Na educação formal, sempre houve a fundamental presença do professor como responsável pela condução dos ensinamentos, os quais, os estudantes de modo geral dependiam para a evolução da aprendizagem. A educação ganhou aliados e os recursos tecnológicos se tornaram mais significativos para as salas de aulas virtuais. Neste contexto, o papel do professor precisou ser modificado diante das novas exigências e tendências educacionais. Além disso, em relação ao estudante com as tecnológicas digitais precisa ser velada para se tornar relevante no processo de estudos e-learning. Como proposta para reflexão, este trabalho objetiva explorar a relevância do papel do professor no ambiente de aprendizagem, sobretudo o Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem –AVA, cenário cada vez mais comum nas modalidades emergentes de educação. Para a obtenção das reflexões sobre o assunto, o estudo foi desenvolvido a partir da revisão de literaturas sobre o tema, bem como a reflexão a partir de resultados obtidos com as experiências somativas aos processos educacionais atuais.
BNCC E OS CURRÍCULOS NO BRASIL SUAS CARACTERÍSTICAS E POTENCIALIDADES
Authors: Oliveira Fabiana Silva , Velozo Daniele de Souza , Melo Dilza Maria Cruz , Baía Julia Pereira Nascimento , Santos Silvana Maria Aparecida Viana
Published: September 2023

Ao longo da história da educação, o cidadão conquistou muitos direitos, os quais estão refletidos e consagrados na Constituição brasileira, mas o caminho para alcançar a educação de qualidade que a sociedade almeja ainda é árduo e longo. Estratégias governamentais e profissionais foram desenvolvidas para abordar muitas das questões que surgem na educação. Assim, surge a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). O trabalho tem como objetivo geral apresentar as caracteristicas e potencialidades da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e dos currículos escolares no Brasil. A metodologia que norteia o trabalho de pesquisa é a revisão bibliográfica, na qual foi construído uma análise crítica sobre as publicações da área do conhecimento. Por fim, fica evidente a importância da BNCC para a educação brasileira, se observa a preocupação dos profissionais da área da educação sobre a continuação do antigo mecanismo que protege os interesses do capital e é compatível com os interesses das grandes empresas comerciais.
O PAPEL DO PROFESSOR EM CONTEXTOS DE APRENDIZAGEM ONLINE
Authors: Mendes Silvia Rangel , Freitas Eliete Matoso de , Santos Eliza Juventino Zella dos , Gonsalves Manuela Angelo , Pinheiro Martha de Oliveira
Published: September 2023

Esse trabalho alcunhado de “O papel do professor em contextos de aprendizagem online”. O mesmo tem como objetivo geral descrever o papel do professor mediante as novas possibilidades de aprendizagem, em especial ao ambiente e-learning. Para a construção do mesmo, a metodologia utilizada será a pesquisa bibliográfica. A função do professor em espaços colaborativos online vem se tornando um instrumento de diversas pesquisas e com o crescimento da modalidade de educação a distância. Com a chegada de processos de comunicação intermediados pelo computador, novas práticas de ensino surgem, refletindo sobre a função do docente no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. O planejamento da aula pelo docente e a sistematização que ele desenvolve em sala de aula possui função determinante no tipo de experiências de aprendizagem dos estudantes em espaços virtuais não são colaborativos por natureza, mas dependem da prática docente para que se motive a relação entre os alunos. Conclui-se que as discussões relacionadas sobre o papel docente em ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem, está distante de se esgotar, sendo essencial para se conquistar experiências formativas que gerem ampla autonomia do estudante.
A INSERÇÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM AUTOGERIDA E O PAPEL DO DESIGN INSTRUCIONAL NO PROCESSO DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Lima Vanessa Rodrigues de , Kull Érica Taís Souza , Miranda Narciso Marques , Ranzani Rui César , Gallo Solange Aparecida
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo trata sobre o aumento do ensino a distância e assim com ele o aprendizagem autogerida, onde o aluno vai estudar independentemente, tendo a responsabilidade por seu estudo, planejando quanto tempo vai estudar, e que com que frequência e o momento de realizar as atividades, assumindo esse papel para o sucesso no aprendizado, que muitas vezes se não fosse dessa maneira não conseguiria participar. A rápida troca de informações, aliadas ao uso de recursos técnicos para promover a aprendizagem, evidenciam a subjetividade dos aprendizes, remetem à aprendizagem independente e fortalecem a capacidade inclusiva, a criatividade e a autonomia. Nesse construção processo temos o Design Instrucional que tem o papel de contribuir para sua efetivação da aprendizagem autogerida pelo aluno, ele deve de adaptar o planejamento, execução e avaliação, uma metodologia dinâmica, transmitir o conteúdo de uma maneira que o aluno terá que se dedicar ao estudo através de ferramentas técnicas com métodos instrutivos, ações que iniciam com a observação de problemas de aprendizagem, e se coloca a projetar, desenvolver e avaliar o resultado a partir da utilização de técnicas e métodos para as atividades de ensino para uma disciplina baseadas na tecnologia
An Interview with AIB 2023 International Educator of the Year Salvador Carmona
Authors: Carmona Salvador , Fleury Maria Tereza , Newburry William
Published: September 2023

Salvador Carmona, Rector of IE University and Professor and Dean at the IE University Business School in Madrid, Spain, was selected as the 2023 AIB International Educator of the Year by the Fellows of the Academy of International Business (AIB). In this interview, he discusses with Maria Tereza Fleury and William Newburry what led him to become a professor of accounting, his career path to his current position, and the keys to success for IE University. He also provides advice to both emerging scholars and IB program administrators regarding important success factors in the current academic environment.
Clinical Application of the Concept of Snigdha and Ruksha Sweda
Authors: Poola Geetha  , Madikonda Praveen kumar  , Bura Johar
Published: September 2023

Sweda Karma is included under Purvakarma of Panchakarma. Swedana helps to remove stiffness, heaviness, coldness of the body and makes the body to perspirate. It also helps to convert the Doshas in a form so that, they can be removed from the body through Vamana and Virechana. Ayurvedic classics have described a wide range of Swedas which are classified into different categories depending upon various factors. One of those classifications made based on Guna of the Sweda Dravya which plays an important role in pacifying the Dosas. Guna means quality or property which has inseparable relationship with the Dravya. Gunas are 41 and classified into 4 types. They are Artha Gunas - 5; Gurvadi Gunas - 20; Atma Gunas - 6; Paradi Gunas - 10. But for treatment purpose, Gurvadi Gunas are widely used. Among Gurvadi Gunas like Guru, Laghu, Sita, Ushna, Snigdha, Ruksha, Slakshna, Khara etc., Snigdha - Ruksha properties have a very important role in Swedana. Charaka also classified Sweda based on Snigdha - Ruksha properties. The goal of the study is to collect various references of the drugs mentioned for Sweda and categorize them based on their Snigdha and Ruksha property so as to use them appropriately for therapeutic purposes.
Role of Nitya Virechan and Pathya in Cirrhotic Ascites
Authors: Sameeksha Rauthan  , Priyanka Goyal  , Dhruv Mishra
Published: September 2023

Cirrhosis of liver is an imperceptible disease due to any of the various long standing liver diseases which gradually leads to scarring of the liver tissues. This scarring or fibrosis is the consequence from the healing of the injured liver cells. Cirrhosis is the most common cause of ascites and accounts for almost 85% of all cases. [1] Cirrhotic ascites thus accounts as one of the major complications of Liver cirrhosis. Ayurvedic medicines give a promising result in the management of such decompensated liver disease. We hereby report a successfully managed case of a 53 year old male patient suffering from Cirrhotic Ascites. Post complication with hepatorenal syndrome and hepatogenous diabetes the patient was advised for liver and kidney transplant, as also his ascitic tapping was done multiple times; however he approached for alternative therapy in form of Ayurvedic medicine and was healed. Ascites can be correlated to Jalodar in Ayurvedic concept so the treatment protocol included the exclusive Ayurvedic treatment of Nitya virechan i.e., constant purgation mentioned as the principle treatment for Jalodar along with other supportive medications for liver malfunctioning. Therapeutic diet played an important role for the treatment. During and after treatment no adverse effects were found moreover patient was at comfort with the treatment and the distension of abdomen was negligible, patient also stopped taking insulin, while swelling was reduced remarkably.
A Review on Pharmacological Management of Prameha Roga with special reference to Kwatha Kalpana Described in Brhat-Trayi
Authors: Gupta Sonal  , Yadav Sudama Singh
Published: September 2023

Lifestyle diseases are becoming burning issues in today’s era of fast-food and junk-foods. One of such health issue has been addressed in this article which is Prameha having similar characteristics as Diabetes Mellitus. Prameha has been described in all Ayurvedic texts starting from Vedas. While the main three texts of Ayurveda i.e., Brhat-trayi viz. Caraka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita and Vagbhatta Samhita have detailed description of Prameha roga. The main Dosha involved in Prameha is Kapha and ten Dushya are engaged in its complex pathogenesis. Therefore, the main principle behind treatment is using all measures against Kapha dosha. Along with it various diet, drugs and regimen have been mentioned which acts against Medas. The effect of Kwatha Kalpana has been specially highlighted in the texts for management of Prameha. Kwatha Kalpana is one of the therapeutic measures in Ayurveda which is prepared by boiling various raw drugs with 8 times of water. It is then reduced down to 4 times. The drugs used in making of Kwatha Kalpana are mainly of Katu, Tikta, Kashaya rasa, Katu vipaka, Ushna guna and having Dipana, Pachana, Rasayan properties. Therefore, this article highlights the concept of Kwatha Kalpana used in Prameha and pharmacology behind it.
A Comprehensive Literary Review of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Ayurvedic Perspective
Authors: Neha Yadav  , Amarendra Kumar Singh
Published: September 2023

The reasons for the rise in metabolic disorders in society include busy schedules with abnormally pressured lifestyles, altered food habits and their patterns, insufficient sleep, and a lack of observance of Dincharya, Ritucharya, Ratricharya and Sadvritta. Achieving the unlimited desires in a very short period of time produces different types of anxiety, worry, anger, fear and depression which directly or indirectly leads to various types of G.I. tract disorders and Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of them. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which affects most nations and their populations, has become a widespread ailment over time. Reflux, or the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus, throat, lungs, and airways, is a common complaint among GERD sufferers. Nowadays people do not follow the rules like ‘Dincharya’ and ‘Ritucharya’. All these things disturb the balance of ‘Tridosha’. In addition to these, addition to various vices such as smoking and alcohol results in the disturbance of normal physiology of the body, which again affects G.I. tract and thus produces G.I. disorders. The Pitta Dosha is disturbed by all of the aforementioned elements. The Vyadhis like Amlapitta, Ajirna, Annadravashoola and Parinamashoola can be correlated with GERD. In Amlapitta there is mainly vitiation of Pitta Dosha. Normally Pitta has Katu Rasa but when Katu Rasa becomes Vidagdha and attains Shuktibhava, it creates Amlata in Amashaya, it is called vitiation of Pitta Dosha. Amlapitta is one of the disorders caused by vitiated Pitta. These three Vyadhis come under Annavaha Srotas and Agnimandya is their underlined cause which should be treated. To gain an insight this review will aim to understand the Ayurvedic perspective of gastroesophageal reflux disease.
A Clinical Study on Pipaladi Leh in Tamak Shwasa (Bronchial Asthma) in Children
Authors: Mohar  , Keerti Verma  , Anup Kumar Gakkhar
Published: September 2023

Tamak Shwasa is a term that encompasses many diseases such as shortness of breath as the main symptom. But we can also associate bronchial asthma with Tamak Shwasa because of the remaining four, three of them are incurable and the fourth is Kshudra Shwasa, which is caused by overwork and overeating, it can be cured in a simple way. Early onset is easy to treat, but the chronic condition is difficult to treat. In Ayurveda, the word Shwasa defines its meaning as a disease in itself as well as symptoms and problems of other diseases. The patient has an attack of a disease that threatens his life. Acharya Charaka describes Tamak Shwasa as a Yappya type of illness in which the patient has to rely on medicine for relief. Acharya Charak teaches different good thoughts about Tamak Shwasa. Every Ayurvedic practitioner should have a detailed knowledge of Tamak Shwasa to distinguish between Chikitsa and disease assessment. In Pipalaadi leh therapy, 04 pts. i.e., 09.76% of the patients attained marked improvement, 33 pts. i.e., 80.48% of the patients attained moderate improvement and 04 pts. i.e., 09.76% of the patients attained mild improvement.
Coronary Artery Ectasia: A Ten-year Experience in a Tertiary Hospital in Singapore
Authors: Lam CSP , Ho KT
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a well-recognised, albeit rare, angiographic finding of abnormal coronary dilatation. To our best knowledge, its incidence has never been described in Singapore. We aimed to determine the incidence of CAE at our teaching hospital and to describe patient and angiographic characteristics.

Materials and Methods: Cases were identified through a search of our hospital’s computer database and all records were reviewed.

Results: Over the 10-year study period (1992-2001), 8641 patients underwent coronary angiography. CAE was diagnosed in 104 patients, giving an incidence of 1.2%. The majority (74%) were male. The median age was 54 years (range, 25 to 79 years). Sixty-six per cent of patients were Chinese, 19% Malays, 12% Indians and 3% other races. Concomitant diabetes mellitus was present in 31%, hypertension in 58% and dyslipidaemia in 63% of patients. Co-existent obstructive coronary artery disease was present in 82% of cases. The frequency of arterial involvement was: right coronary artery (RCA), 65%; left anterior descending artery (LAD), 48%; circumflex artery (CX), 43%; and left main artery (LM), 2%. CAE affected only 1 major vessel in 62% of cases and all 3 vessels in 20%. Eighteen patients were advised to undergo bypass surgery, while percutaneous coronary intervention was recommended in 26 patients.

Conclusions: The incidence of ectasia was 1.2%. The majority of patients were males in their sixth decade with underlying dyslipidaemia or hypertension. CAE was associated with obstructive coronary artery disease in more than 80% of cases. The RCA was most commonly affected and most patients had single vessel involvement.
The HercepTest and Routine C-erbB2 Immunohistochemistry in Breast Cancer: Any Difference?
Authors: Selvarajan S , Bay BH , Chng MJ , Tan PH
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The proto-oncogene c-erbB2, located on chromosome 17q21, encodes a 185-kD transmembrane glycoprotein. It is known to be overexpressed, amplified, or both in 20% to 30% of breast cancers.C-erbB2 belongs to the human epidermal growth factor receptor (tyrosine kinase receptor) family that plays an important role in cell cycle regulation and differentiation. Although there are various methods to assess c-erbB2 status in breast cancer, protein overexpression determined by immunohistochemistry and gene amplification using fluorescence in situ hybridisation are most commonly utilised. This study compares the results of the DAKO HercepTest with the immunohistochemical assay (A0485, DAKO), which is routinely used in our pathology laboratory.

Materials and Methods: Paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues from 41 patients operated in a tertiary hospital during the year 2000 were subjected to immunohistochemistry by the above methods. C-erbB2 positivity was defined by cytoplasmic membrane staining of 2+ or 3+ intensity.

Results: Overexpression of c-erbB2 protein was present in 36.6% and 41.5% of cases when detected by HercepTest and the DAKO A0485 antibody, respectively. There was almost perfect agreement between both methods (k = 0.898) when positive versus negative results were considered, and moderate agreement in terms of individual staining intensities (k = 0.554).

Conclusion: Routine immunohistochemistry using the DAKO A0485 antibody is a reliable, cost-effective alternative to the HercepTest in determining prognosis and suitability of patients for Herceptin therapy.
Condensing Osteitis of the Medial Clavicle – An Intermediate-term Follow-up
Authors: Sng KK , Chan BK , Chakrabarti AJ , Bell SN , Low CO
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Condensing osteitis of the clavicle is a benign idiopathic condition affecting the medial end of the clavicle, and is characterised by sclerosis and expansion of the clavicular head.

Materials and Methods: Nine cases of condensing osteitis were reviewed. Their mean age was 37 years (range, 22 to 65 years). All patients presented with pain and swelling localised to the sternoclavicular region. The mean length of follow-up was 38 months (range, 9 to 77 months).

Results: At latest follow-up, all patients had subjective improvement in their pain symptoms, but none had any subjective decrease in the swelling around the medial clavicle. Follow-up computerised tomography (CT) scans were available for analysis in 5 patients.

Conclusion: The results of this study show that in the intermediate term at least, the severity of the pain appears to improve with time, although the clinical swelling over the medial clavicle does not resolve significantly. Longer follow-up will further define the long-term natural history of this rare condition.
A Case of Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy
Authors: Tan AWH , Tan SH , Lian TY , Ng SK
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy is a recently recognised fibrosing disorder originally identified as a scleromyxoedema-like cutaneous disease in patients with renal disease.

Clinical Picture: A 45-year-old lady with systemic lupus erythematosus presented with well-defined erythematous, non-tender, indurated plaques on both legs 4 months after haemodialysis for rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and acute renal failure. Skin biopsy showed dermal fibrosis with increased proliferation of dermal fibroblasts and collagen bundles separated by clefts. There were increased dermal deposits of mucin and an increase in elastic fibres.

Treatment and Outcome: Haemodialysis was instituted for 2 weeks followed by monthly intravenous cyclophosphamide. Skin lesions remained unchanged 8 months later despite normalisation of renal function.

Conclusion: Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy appears to be a definite new entity in patients with underlying renal insufficiency. Further multi-centre collaborative study is necessary to identify the prevalence, cause, treatment and prognosis of this disorder.
Early Appendicitis – A Safe Diagnosis?
Authors: Loh DL , Munro FD , Wilson-Storey D , Orr JD
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Serosal inflammation of the appendix in association with a significant peritoneal exudate can be mistaken for early acute appendicitis. We highlight the importance of looking for other sources of intra-abdominal sepsis in this clinical setting.

Clinical Picture: We present 3 cases of so-called ‘mild’ appendicitis with serosal inflammation that was ultimately shown to be caused by Meckel’s diverticulitis.
Treatment: All 3 patients initially underwent an appendicectomy. In 2 of these cases, a further laparotomy and excision of a Meckel’s diverticulum was carried out. All 3 made an uneventful recovery.

Conclusion: Meckel’s diverticulitis can mimic acute appendicitis in clinical history, physical findings and operative findings. It is important to always consider this as a possible cause for an acute abdomen.
Associations between Duration and Type of Electronic Device Use and Sleep Quality among Bangkok’s High School Students
Authors:   Triam Udom Suksa School, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, Thailand, Angkatavanich Wachirawit , Chaiburanont Natcha ,   Triam Udom Suksa School, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, Thailand, Barrameesangpet Supaporn ,   Triam Udom Suksa School, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, Thailand
Published: September 2023

High school students are increasingly relying on electronic devices for academics, leisure, and social interactions. Concerns have emerged regarding the impact of extensive device use on adolescent sleep quality, critical for well-being during this transformative phase. Past studies suggest that being exposed to prolonged screen time can disrupt sleeping patterns; interestingly, it can vary based on the device type or screen size as well as gender of users. Therefore, we conducted a study to examine the relationship between electronic devices used before bedtime and sleep quality among high school students in Bangkok, while considering device type, screen size, and gender as crucial variables. Our findings reveal a relationship between electronic device use before bed (p=0.008), and gender (p=<0.001) are associated significantly with sleep quality. Notably, we observed that prolonged screen time, particularly on larger screens like laptops (p=0.049), is associated with more disruptions in sleep patterns. Moreover, the duration of electronic devices usage before bed and gender has distinct and notable effects on sleep quality. However, high school students in Bangkok may have unique lifestyles that can significantly impact how electronic devices are integrated into daily routines, potentially exacerbating sleep disruptions. Therefore, further research is required to seek other causes affecting sleep quality. This could be useful in promoting h.
Development of Kencur Extract Ice Cream Formula (Kaempheria Galanga L) as an Anti-Inflammatory in Obesity Adolescents
Authors:   Department of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia, Sulistyowati Enik , Setiadi Yuwono ,   Department of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia, Supadi J. ,   Department of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia, Salam J. Abdul ,   Department of Radiology Technology, College of Medical Technology Bacha Khan Medical College (BKMC) Mardan, Pakistan.
Published: September 2023

Background: Metabolic syndrome associated with indicators of inflammation such as C-Reactive Protein (CRP). Elevated CRP levels in obese adolescents is an indicator of metabolic disorders. Giving kencur extract to adolescents with metabolic disorders can reduce CRP levels. Increasing the acceptance of kencur in adolescents can be done by supplementing kencur extract in ice cream. The aim of the research was to obtain kencur extract supplementation ice cream products, with the best physical, chemical and organoleptic characteristics. It is hoped that this kencur extract ice cream can be used as an anti-inflammatory in obese adolescents. Research methods: The research design was Completely Randomized Design. There are 5 treatments of ice cream. Each treatment with a volume of 250 ml. The physical and chemical properties and organoleptic properties of kencur extract ice cream were observed. The statistical test used to determine differences in physical properties is ANOVA. While the test used to determine organoleptic differences is the Friedman test. Research result: All treatments had a pH of 7. Dissolved solids in ice cream ranged from 43.5% - 44.58%. The viscosity of ice cream ranges from 0.355 mN,m - 0.517mN,m. Ice cream overrun ranges from 110% - 168%. Ice cream melting speed ranges from 5.75 minutes - 8.975 minutes. The content of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrates. The more the addition of kencur extract the organoleptic properties of ice cream, the less preferred it is. Conclusion: Ice cream with high acceptability is one added with 2700 mg of kencur extract and 2900 mg of kencur extract.
Significance of corticosteroids binding to blood plasma proteins in the mechanism of the RS-10 radioprotector affecting the function of the adrenal cortex
Authors:   Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics of the Faculty of Continuing Medical Education of the Patrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Omelchuk Nadezhda
Published: September 2023

The relevance of research on the preventive properties of chemical radioprotectors is currently due to the need to implement a system of radiation safety measures for the population. The study aimed to investigate the significance of corticosteroid binding to plasma proteins in the mechanism of influence of the radioprotector RS-10 on adrenal cortical function in healthy and irradiated animals. Experiments were carried out on 60 male rabbits of the chinchilla breed. In the first series of experiments, the reaction of the adrenal cortex and the processes of binding them to proteins after administration of RS-10 intact animals were studied; in the second series – the same indicators in animals exposed to RS-10 prophylactic administration.
Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy as treatment for lacrimal pathway obstructions: Serial case reports
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical Faculty Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia, Perkasa Muhammad Fadjar
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The lacrimal system is an important system for maintaining the normal condition of the ocular surface. Obstruction of the lacrimal duct can lead to inflammation and accumulation of debris and pathogens such as bacteria or fungi in the lacrimal sac and then cause dacryocystitis. This disease is often found in children or adults over 40 years of age, especially women with a peak incidence at the age of 60 to 70 years. Complaints usually include eye discomfort and redness accompanied by excessive tears. The diagnosis can be made based on physical examination, staining tests, and imaging photographs, such as dacryocystography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Management of dacryocystitis is conservative, supportive, and surgical with an open or endonasal approach.
Vacunas y embarazo. Perspectiva actual
Authors:   Especialista en Obstetricia y Ginecología. Director del programa de especialización en Medicina Materno Fetal. Universidad Central de Venezuela. Academia Nacional de Medicina, Miembro Correspondiente Nacional., Cabrera-Lozada Carlos
Published: September 2023

Introducción: El uso de las vacunas es una de las estrategias más relevantes de salud pública en el mejoramiento de los indicadores de salud perinatal. Objetivo: Analizar la perspectiva actual con respecto a la vacunación durante el embarazo. Métodos: Se realizó revisión narrativa de la evidencia nacional e internacional con respecto a la perspectiva actual de la vacunación durante el embarazo. Resultados: El conocimiento obtenido a partir de la investigación de la interacción inmunitaria entre la madre y el feto-lactante-neonato, así como de la respuesta inmunitaria generada por las inmunizaciones maternas, permite desarrollar una toma de decisiones basados en la evidencia con el mayor beneficio esperado y el menor riesgo posible que permita prevenir la infección y establecer la vacuna a utilizar.
Anatomical studies at Universidad Central de Venezuela during 1763-1963
Authors:   1Profesor Titular, Cátedra de Anatomía Normal, Escuela de Medicina José María Vargas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. 2Miembro numerario de la Sociedad Venezolana de la Historia de la Medicina, Romero-Reverón Rafael
Published: September 2023

In Venezuela, Medical studies began in 1763 at Real and Pontifical University of Caracas, conducted by Lorenzo Campins y Ballester. Afterward, José María Vargas, as the first rector of the successive University of Caracas, 1827 reformed the studies of Medicine, Surgery, and Anatomy. He gave lectures and performed anatomical dissections for 25 years. Vargas wrote Curso de Lecciones y demostraciones Anatómicas in 1838. Even under precarious conditions for medical education, a saga of anatomists managed to persist in anatomical studies in Venezuela. In the 20th century, a progressive development in anatomical studies began, led by Luis Razetti and extended by José Izquierdo. Subsequently, these improvements were promoted and developed in both medical schools of the Central University of Venezuela by Jesús Yerena, founder of the Anatomical Museum, and by Francisco Montbrun, founder of “José María Vargas” Medical School and its chair of human anatomy.
Historia de los Congresos Organizados por la Academia Nacional de Medicina de Venezuela
Authors:   Individuo de Número Sillón XIX, ANM Profesora Titular de Fisiología, UCV, Cruz Lilia
Published: September 2023

La Academia Nacional de Medicina de Venezuela (ANM) ha realizado diez y nueve congresos en sus 119 años de existencia. Los primeros cinco tuvieron por nombre “Congreso Venezolano de Medicina” (CVM). A partir del VI se denominan “Congreso Venezolano de Ciencias Médicas”. El 11 de junio de 1908, acogiendo una proposición del Dr. Luis Razetti, la ANM acordó organizar el “Primer Congreso Venezolano en Caracas en el mes de julio de 1911 para contribuir a la celebración del centenario de la independencia”. “Será una institución científica que forma parte de la estructura intelectual del país… Su objeto es estimular el estudio de nuestra patología regional y ser una gran tribuna desde la cual todos los investigadores venezolanos pueden anunciar al mundo el resultado de sus estudios originales” (1). El Gobierno Nacional aprobó la celebración del Congreso en 1910. Su Reglamento fue publicado en la Gaceta Oficial de los Estados Unidos de Venezuela. Los Congresos de Medicina ocurrieron en 1911, 1917, 1921, 1924 y 1926, con el respaldo del Gobierno del General Juan Vicente Gómez y su Ministerio de Instrucción Pública.
Duelo anticipado en familiares de pacientes en Cuidados Paliativos
Authors:   Docente Facultad de Salud, Grupo de Investigación GEFIME, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Valle Colombia, Bambague Goldy
Published: September 2023

Introducción: El duelo anticipado es una reacción psicológica, se experimenta ante la pérdida de un ser querido, los cuidadores de personas en estado terminal lo viven y afrontan en cinco etapas: negación, ira o enfado, negociación, depresión, aceptación. Objetivo: Identificar el proceso del duelo anticipado en familiares de pacientes oncológicos incluidos en el programa de cuidados paliativos de una clínica de la ciudad Santiago de Cali. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo tipo serie de casos, la población estuvo constituida por familiares de pacientes incluidos en el “Programa de Cuidados Paliativos”. Criterio de inclusión: cuidador mayor de 18 años, Criterio de exclusión: fallecimiento del paciente antes del inicio de recolección de información. Las variables fueron: sexo, edad, nivel educativo, estado civil y tiempo de diagnóstico de la enfermedad.
Factors Contributing to the Incidence of Hypertension in the Work Area of the Bara Baraya Public Health Center Makassar City
Authors:   Graduate Program, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, S Hartina
Published: September 2023

Background: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease leading to major public health problems worldwide and continuing to increase every year. Hypertension is often known as “the silent killer” because it does not usually cause symptoms on its own, yet it slowly damages the blood vessels and in the long term, becomes a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This study aims to determine the associated risk factors of hypertension among people of productive age in the working area of the Bara Baraya Public Health Center, Makassar City, Indonesia.
Clinical features of patients with cancer of thoracic esophagus and results of their surgical treatment
Authors:   Department of Surgical Diseases, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Jamalov Fariz
Published: September 2023

Esophageal cancer takes one of the first places in the structure of morbidity and mortality among malignant diseases. The development of anesthesiology and thoracic resuscitation provided the evolution of the surgical method. Resections of the esophagus with locally-disseminated and complicated forms of cancer have become possible. But even today, the long-term results of surgical treatment don’t satisfy clinicians. Often this is due to the dissemination of the tumor process in most patients at the time of treatment. For this purpose, an analysis of clinical material was carried out, including 89 patients with cancer of thoracic part of esophagus, who underwent reconstructive surgeries (extirpation of the thoracic part of esophagus with simultaneous retromediastinal plasty by stomach tube) in the surgical unit of Republican Clinical Hospital (RCH), n.a. academic M.A.Mir-Gasimov, Baku city. Interventions on the esophagus were performed either of two approaches – upper median laparotomy and left-sided cervicotomy (76 patients – 85,4%) or from three-with the addition of a right sided lateral thoracotomy in the fifth intercostal space (13 patients – 14,6%). There were no deaths due to surgical complications. The fundamental possibility and reasonableness of performing expanded radical interventions has been detected, taking into account the technical resectability of the tumor, which is especially important in working with a group of patients with “late” esophageal cancer criteria, such as the age of the patient, the size of the primary tumors, its local dissemination are not a contraindication to radical surgery.
Awareness and Prevalence of Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in Rabigh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Community Perspective
Authors: Arif Abdulmohsen Al Mousa  , Imtiaz Ahmad Qureshi  , Fahad Anwar  , Nadeem Shafique Butt  , Marwan A Bakarman  , Zohair Jamil Gazzaz  , Ahmad Azam Malik
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a global health problem. Growing prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension further add on to potential increase in CKD along with many other contributing risk factors. Community knowledge regarding CKD is gaining more importance considering magnitude of disease and limited available resources.
Aims & Objectives: To assess community knowledge about CKD and explore prevalence of risk factors for developing CKD among the inhabitants of Rabigh city in Saudi Arabia.
Place and duration of study: Rabigh city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 2018.
Material & Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional household survey was performed. Self-administered semi structured questionnaire made by research team was used to interview 340 Saudi inhabitants of the Rabigh city. The required information about awareness of CKD sign and symptoms and its risk factors was obtained and then analyzed using SPSS.
Results: Study found limited knowledge about signs (23.8%) and symptoms (24.7%) and relatively more idea about treatment options (76.8%). For the CKD risk factors, 61.5% were positive. Out of those, among many risk factors hypertension, proteinuria, family history of kidney disease and DM were found in 17.8%, 17.3%, 15.3% and 13.9% respectively. The most vulnerable age for the CKD risk factors was between 3rd to 4th and 7th decade.
Conclusion: This study showed varied responses in terms of awareness regarding salient aspects of CKD. More than half of Saudi population under survey of the Rabigh city had risk factors for the CKD. Considering limited knowledge and higher prevalence of risk factors study suggests further exploration to enable early detection of CKD risk factors and prevention through effective awareness program.