bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous determination of noble metals (Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt, and Au) in environmental samples by nebulized film dielectric barrier discharge vapor generation coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: He Qian , Wang Xianxian , He Huijun , Zhang Jing
Published: September 2020

This work provides a sensitive analytical approach for the determination of Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt, and Au by nebulized film dielectric barrier discharge (NFDBD) vapor generation sampling coupled with ICP-MS.
Unveiling molecular signatures of preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus with multi-omics and innovative cheminformatics visualization tools
Authors: Odenkirk Melanie T. , Stratton Kelly G. , Gritsenko Marina A. , Bramer Lisa M. , Webb-Robertson Bobbie-Jo M. , Bloodsworth Kent J. , Weitz Karl K. , Lipton Anna K. , Monroe Matthew E. , Ash Jeremy R. , Fourches Denis , Taylor Brandie D. , Burnum-Johnson Kristin E. , Baker Erin S.
Published: September 2020

Specific lipid and protein changes characterized term preeclampsia (PRE) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and novel visualization tools were created to aid in the process.
Synthesis of Zn-based 1D and 2D coordination polymer nanoparticles in block copolymer micelles
Authors: Göbel Christoph , Hörner Gerald , Greiner Andreas , Schmalz Holger , Weber Birgit
Published: September 2020

Synthesis of 2D coordination network nanoparticles using block copolymer micelles as template.
An amplified electrochemical sensor employing a polymeric film and graphene quantum dots/multiwall carbon nanotubes in a deep eutectic solvent for sensitive analysis of paracetamol and 4-aminophenol
Authors: Arab Nastaran , Fotouhi Lida , Salis Andrea , Dorraji Parisa Seyed
Published: September 2020

Herein, a nanocomposite consisting of graphene quantum dots, a deep eutectic solvent and carboxyl functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (GQDs + DES + MWCNTs-COOH) was prepared.
Visible-light-driven photochemical activity of ternary Ag/AgBr/TiO2 nanotubes for oxidation C(sp3)–H and C(sp2)–H bonds
Authors: Hosseini-Sarvari Mona , Dehghani Abdulhamid
Published: September 2020

The Ag/AgBr/TiO2 ternary nanotube as a heterogeneous photocatalyst was used for the solvent-free oxidation of the benzylic C(sp3)–H bond or the solvent-controlled selective oxidative cleavage of the CC double bond of styrene under visible light at room temperature.
Reactivities of cyclam derivatives with metal–amyloid-β
Authors: Kim Gunhee , Lelong Evan , Kang Juhye , Suh Jong-Min , Le Bris Nathalie , Bernard Hélène , Kim Dongwook , Tripier Raphaël , Lim Mi Hee
Published: September 2020

New examples of azamacrocyclic metal chelators that modulate the interactions between metal ions and Aβ and the reactivities of metal–Aβ were developed under criteria based on structural and functional variations on the backbone ofCyclam.
Synthesis, structure and magnetic behavior of iron arsenites with hierarchical magnetic units
Authors: Leclercq Bastien , Kabbour Houria , Arevalo-Lopez Angel M. , Daviero-Minaud Sylvie , Minaud Claire , David Rénald , Mentré Olivier
Published: September 2020

Iron-arsenites may cover multiple Fe oxidation states, while the versatile (AsO3)2− condensation offer ideal spacers between magnetic sub-units with various dimensionalities (D). We show here four novel compounds covering the 0–3D magnetic panorama.
Recent progress in the piezoelectricity of molecular ferroelectrics
Authors: Pan Qiang , Xiong Yu-An , Sha Tai-Ting , You Yu-Meng
Published: September 2020

This review concluded several recent methods and strategies to synthesize performance-enhanced and application-aimed piezoelectric MOFEs.
Removal of reactive brilliant red X-3B by a weak magnetic field enhanced Fenton-like system with zero-valent iron
Authors: Liang Liping , Zhang Yuting , Cheng Liubiao , Wu Qian , Xue Yuanyuan , Wang Qian , Meng Xu
Published: September 2020

The effect of a weak magnetic field (WMF) on the removal of reactive brilliant red X-3B (X-3B) by zero-valent iron (ZVI)/H2O2 was studied.
Enhanced charge storage properties of ultrananocrystalline diamond films by contact electrification-induced hydrogenation
Authors: Kim Jae-Eun , Panda Kalpataru , Park Jeong Young
Published: September 2020

The enhanced charge storage characteristics of ultrananocrystalline diamond caused by contact electrification-induced hydrogenation was demonstrated by using atomic force microscopy.
Spatial zigzag evolution of cracks in moving sapphire initiated by bursts of picosecond laser pulses for ultrafast wafer dicing
Authors: Gedvilas Mindaugas , Račiukaitis Gediminas
Published: September 2020

Geometrical illustration of the periodical zigzag formation of modifications and cracks in translated sapphire initiated by focused Gaussian beam and picosecond laser bursts.
Electrochemical sulfonylation of alkenes with sulfonyl hydrazides: a metal- and oxidant-free protocol for the synthesis of (E)-vinyl sulfones in water
Authors: Lai Yin-Long , Mo Yunyan , Yan Shaoxi , Zhang Shengling , Zhu Lejie , Luo Jianmin , Guo Huishi , Cai Jianpeng , Liao Jianhua
Published: September 2020

An electrochemical sulfonylation of alkenes with sulfonyl hydrazides for the synthesis of (E)-vinyl sulfones in water is reported.
Highly flexible free-standing Sb/Sb2O3@N-doped carbon nanofiber membranes for sodium ion batteries with excellent stability
Authors: Li Dongdong , Li Junzhi , Cao Junming , Fu Xiyao , Zhou Liang , Han Wei
Published: September 2020

Electrospinning flexible free-standing Sb/Sb2O3@N-doped carbon hybrid nanofiberous membranes as an ultrastable anode with high sodium storage capabilities.
Creep attenuation in glassy polymer nanocomposites with variable polymer–nanoparticle interactions
Authors: Buitrago C. Francisco , Pressly James F. , Yang Anita S. , Gordon Peter A. , Riggleman Robert A. , Natarajan Bharath , Winey Karen I.
Published: September 2020

The addition of nanoparticles attenuates creep deformation in polymer nanocomposites; networked nanoparticle morphologies are more effective.
Fast and all-weather cleanup of viscous crude-oil spills with Ti3C2TX MXene wrapped sponge
Authors: Gong Cheng , Lao Junchao , Wang Bingyv , Li Xiaoyan , Li Guojie , Gao Jun , Wan Yizao , Sun Xiaohong , Guo Ruisong , Luo Jiayan
Published: September 2020

We demonstrate an all-weather absorbent to realize fast cleanup of highly viscous crude oil spills by coupling solar-heating and Joule-heating.
A paper-making transformation: from cellulose-based superwetting paper to biomimetic multifunctional inorganic paper
Authors: Wen Gang , Guo Zhiguang
Published: September 2020

In this review, we have summarized the recent research progress on cellulose-based paper and inorganic paper, and emphasize the multi-functional applications of inorganic paper.
Shape memory effect and rapid reversible actuation of nanocomposite hydrogels with electrochemically controlled local metal ion coordination and crosslinking
Authors: Cong Yang , Liu Shuhui , Wu Fengxiang , Zhang Hua , Fu Jun
Published: September 2020

Precisely controlled local ion-coordination and crosslinking generate diverse hydrogel devices with a reversible shape memory effect and rapid actuation in air.
Photochromism in Ruddlesden–Popper copper-based perovskites: a light-induced change of coordination number at the surface
Authors: Groeneveld B. G. H. M. , Duim H. , Kahmann S. , De Luca O. , Tekelenburg E. K. , Kamminga M. E. , Protesescu L. , Portale G. , Blake G. R. , Rudolf P. , Loi M. A.
Published: September 2020

Ultraviolet light causes bis(phenethylammonium) tetrachlorocuprate to change color from yellow to brown, which is reversible by exposure to air.
Biochemical and NMR characterization of the interactions of Vav2–SH2 domain with lipids and the EphA2 juxtamembrane region on membrane
Authors: Ge Liang , Wu Bo , Zhang Youjia , Wang Jiarong , Zhao Hongxin , Wang Junfeng
Published: September 2020

Vav2 is a ubiquitous guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rho family GTPases that is involved in regulating a wide range of biological processes. It interacts with several tyrosine-phosphorylated cell surface receptors, including the Eph family receptors, through its SH2 domain. The interaction of Vav2 with EphA2 is crucial for EphA2-mediated tumor angiogenesis. Here we show that Vav2–SH2 domain is a lipid-binding module that can recognize PI(4,5)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3 lipids weakly but specifically. The specific lipid-binding site in Vav2–SH2 domain was identified by NMR chemical shift perturbation experiments using the head groups of PI(4,5)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3, both of which bind to Vav2–SH2 with millimolar binding affinities. In addition, the interaction between Vav2–SH2 and the phosphorylated juxtamembrane region (JM) of EphA2 (Y594 phosphorylated) was investigated using NMR techniques. Furthermore, by using a nickel–lipid containing peptide-based nanodiscs system, we studied the binding of Vav2–SH2 to the phosphorylated JM region of EphA2 on lipid membrane and uncovered a role of membrane environment in modulating this protein–protein recognition.
OFD Type I syndrome: lessons learned from a rare ciliopathy
Authors: Morleo Manuela , Franco Brunella
Published: September 2020

The OFD1 gene was initially identified as the gene responsible for the X-linked dominant male lethal OFD type I syndrome, a developmental disorder ascribed to cilia disfunction. The transcript has been subsequently associated to four different X-linked recessive conditions, namely Joubert syndrome, retinitis pigmentosa, primary ciliary dyskinesia and Simpson–Golabi–Behmel type 2 syndrome. The centrosomal/basal body OFD1 protein has indeed been shown to be required for primary cilia formation and left–right asymmetry. The protein is also involved in other tasks, e.g. regulation of cellular protein content, constrain of the centriolar length, chromatin remodeling at DNA double strand breaks, control of protein quality balance and cell cycle progression, which might be mediated by non-ciliary activities. OFD1 represents a paradigmatic model of a protein that performs its diverse actions according to the cell needs and depending on the subcellular localization, the cell type/tissue and other possible factors still to be determined. An increased number of multitask protein, such as OFD1, may represent a partial explanation to human complexity, as compared with less complex organisms with an equal or slightly lower number of proteins.
In vitro reconstitution of autophagic processes
Authors: Alam Jahangir Md. , Noda Nobuo N.
Published: September 2020

Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation system that involves de novo autophagosome formation. A lot of factors are involved in autophagosome formation, including dozens of Atg proteins that form supramolecular complexes, membrane structures including vesicles and organelles, and even membraneless organelles. Because these diverse higher-order structural components cooperate to mediate de novo formation of autophagosomes, it is too complicated to be elaborated only by cell biological approaches. Recent trials to regenerate each step of this phenomenon in vitro have started to elaborate on the molecular mechanisms of such a complicated process by simplification. In this review article, we outline the in vitro reconstitution trials in autophagosome formation, mainly focusing on the reports in the past few years and discussing the molecular mechanisms of autophagosome formation by comparing in vitro and in vivo observations.
Using Parallel, Narrative-Based Measures to Examine the Relationship Between Listening and Reading Comprehension: A Pilot Study
Authors: Petersen Douglas B. , Spencer Trina D. , Konishi Alisa , Sellars Tiffany P. , Foster Matthew E. , Robertson Dana
Published: September 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether parallel measures of narrative-based listening comprehension and reading comprehension reflected the same construct and yielded comparable scores from a diverse sample of second- and third-grade students. One hundred ten students participated in this study.

Method

Three listening and three reading comprehension narrative retells and subsequent responses to story questions and vocabulary questions were collected using the Narrative Language Measures Listening and Reading subtests of the CUBED assessment.

Results

Results indicated a strong correlation between the listening comprehension and reading comprehension measures. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the listening and reading comprehension measures loaded onto one factor. Mean scores were not significantly different between the listening and reading comprehension measures, and the equipercentile analyses indicated that the two measures yielded scores that aligned with similar percentile rankings for a diverse sample of students, suggesting symmetry and equity.

Conclusion

Oral narrative language retells and responses to story and vocabulary questions could potentially serve as proxy measures for reading comprehension for young students.
BER analysis of IQ imbalance compensation for GFDM systems
Authors: Wang Zhenduo , Ning Xiaoyan , Sun Zhiguo
Published: September 2020

As one of the 5G waveform candidates, generalised frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) systems have been proposed to achieve lower out of band radiation and stronger robustness against synchronisation errors. However, theoretical BER performances of GFDM systems with in‐phase/quadrature (IQ) imbalance, as well as compensation strategies, have not been widely investigated. In this Letter, the authors evaluate theoretical BER performances of GFDM systems with transmitter IQ imbalance (IQI) before and after a proposed compensation method. Basically, they give approximated BER expressions for different modulations through considering introduced IQI completely as useless interference, and then derive a more precise BER expression for QPSK modulation. Additionally, they put forward a compensation method to remove IQI interference in GFDM systems at the cost of enlarged noise. Furthermore, analytical BER expressions with IQI compensation are derived, and then the effectiveness of the proposed compensation strategy is proven by theoretical and simulation results.
Alternative representations for the probability of detection of non‐fluctuating targets
Authors: García F.D.A. , Mora H.R.C. , Garzón N. V.O. , Santos Filho J.C.S.
Published: September 2020

The authors derive a closed‐form exact expression and a fast convergent series for the probability of phased‐array detection of non‐fluctuating targets embedded in complex white Gaussian noise. To be realistic, they assume that the amplitude of the target echoes and the noise power are unknown parameters. Their series representation achieved impressive savings in computational load and computation time when compared to the numerical evaluation of the existing integral‐form solution.
DC‐boundary finite‐time stabilisation for distributed parameter systems
Authors: Li Manna , Mao Weijie
Published: September 2020

In this study, the finite‐time stabilisation problem of distributed parameter systems with control acting on a Dirichlet condition (DC) boundary is considered. First, the corresponding distributed parameter system with inhomogeneous DC‐boundaries is equivalently transformed into another distributed parameter system with homogeneous DC‐boundaries. A DC‐boundary feedback controller is then designed in terms of the distributed state, and sufficient conditions for finite‐time stabilisation and finite‐time stabilisation of distributed parameter systems are provided through the use of Lyapunov functionals. The issues regarding the finite‐time stabilisation of distributed parameter systems are converted into the feasibility of matrix inequalities, and the availability of the proposed results is verified through two numerical simulations.
Robust control for one‐sided Lipschitz non‐linear systems with time‐varying delays and uncertainties
Authors: Huang Ling , Lin Xiaona , Zhong Beibei , Xu Donghao
Published: September 2020

For a class of one‐sided Lipschitz systems with time‐varying delays and parameter uncertainties, the robust control problem of the system based on state observer is elaborated in detail. By constructing Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional for closed‐loop augmented system and combining one‐sided Lipschitz condition and quadratically inner‐bounded condition, the synthesis condition of observer design is derived, which makes the closed‐loop augmented system asymptotically stable and satisfies the performance index. Furthermore, bilinear matrix inequalities are transformed into a set of linear matrix inequalities by means of some special derivatives, which can be solved in one step. By using the mature Matlab LMI toolbox, the inequality is solved, thus the gain matrices of the controller and the observer are obtained at the same time. Finally, numerical examples are used to verify the correctness and superiority of the proposed theory.
Bias compensation‐based parameter and state estimation for a class of time‐delay non‐linear state‐space models
Authors: Gu Ya , Zhu Quanmin , Nouri Hassan
Published: September 2020

This study presents, based on bias compensation, an integrated parameter and state estimation algorithm for a class of time‐delay non‐linear systems which are described by canonical observable state‐space model. In technical development, the state‐space system model is transformed into an input–output representation/realisation by eliminating the state variables, which is accordingly used as a feasible identification model. With such an input–output structure, directly data measurable to accommodate the estimation bias, an augmented least‐squares algorithm (by adding the bias correction terms into the estimates) is proposed for estimating the parameters and states interactively. Regarding the estimator properties, the proposed algorithm is proved unbiased. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has good performance in estimating the parameters of state‐space systems.
Transparent metamaterial absorber with broadband radar cross‐section (RCS) reduction for solar arrays
Authors: Kong Xiangkun , Jiang Shunliu , Kong Lingqi , Wang Qi , Hu Haobin , Zhang Xiang , Zhao Xing
Published: September 2020

Solar arrays are the primary energy source of the satellite. In this study, a metamaterial absorber for solar arrays with simultaneous high optical transparency and broadband microwave absorption is presented. By tailoring the reflection response of meta‐atoms, 87% absorption performance from 6.8 to 18 GHz is obtained. In the meantime, by employing transparent substrates, including indium tin oxide film and anti‐reflection glass, a maximum of 87% light transmittance is achieved. The absorptivity of the proposed metamaterial absorber is simulated and measured experimentally. Optical transmittance and the effect of transparent metamaterial absorber on the conversion efficiency of the solar array have also been measured. These results fully demonstrate the reliability of the authors’ design for solar arrays, which also meet the actual requirements of structural strength, atomic oxygen erosion resistance, weight limitation etc.
Study on duck weight estimation by using image processing
Authors: Lieng Phatpisey , Sangpradit Kiattisak
Published: September 2020

The objective of this research was to process digital image to investigate the possibility of ducks weight estimation based on the software LabVIEW with the vision builder. In this study the images were record by the top-view camera. An ellipse fitting algorithm was applied to localize ducks within the stall. Estimating duck weight consists of these steps. First, image acquisition. Second, counts pixel of the samples. Third calculate duck weight by using samples pixel as the output. Results from this study showed that, the estimated ducks weight by using digital photos had 3.27% of the error when compare to the measured weight. The correlation coefficient of the body weight prediction equation from a comparison between measured (absolute) and estimated by camera for all duck is clearly high (R2=0.91). It was found that the system able to estimate duck weight with an acceptable error. So we can develop this research processing or build up the automatic sorting duck in the future. This method operated pretty well in prophecy live weight.
Volume estimation of cassava using consumer-grade RGB-D camera
Authors: Banchajarurat Chanikan , Saengprachatanarug Khwantri , Damrongplasit Nattpol , Ratanasumawong Chanat
Published: September 2020

Mismanagement during postharvest handling of cassava can degrade the quality of the product and depreciate its selling price considerably. This study proposed the feasibility of using RGB-depth camera to measure the quality of cassava roots in a non-destructive, fast and cost-effective manner. Methodology to estimate the volume of cassavas Kasetsart 50 variety was the focus of this study. Using RGB-D images collected from 60 cassava samples with each one being photographed from 6 different orientations. Image Processing model and Point Cloud image model were used to find the volume from depth images, and then disk method and box method were used to estimate the volume of cassava under ellipsoidal shape. Both estimation methods provided usable values for the volumes in the range of 100 - 500 ml with RMSE values of 5.91% and 4.02%, respectively. The estimated volume can be applied to find density to predict the rotten cassava for improving quality and efficiency of cassava industry.
Influence of blending proportions of Teak Sawdust and Cajuput leaves on characteristics of biomass pellets
Authors: Wattana Wassachol , Montri Nattaya , Wongjanakul Manussavee , Naratta Yingyot , Duangjinda Sansanee
Published: September 2020

Fuel pellets made from biomass is considered as a solid fuel that is also an alternative fuel which can substitute for the current fuels and can be considered as a fuel that has sustainable production. This research is the study of the production of fuel pellets from Teak sawdust blends with Cajuput leaves at five proportions by weight of Teak sawdust 100%, Cajuput leaves 100%, Teak sawdust 75% +Cajuput leaves 25%, Teak sawdust 50% +Cajuput leaves 50%, Teak sawdust 25% +Cajuput leaves 75% . The pellets were produced by a grinding and pelleting machine at three different speeds of 200, 250, and 300 rpm. After that, the quality of fuel pellets was evaluated by the physical properties as pellet dimensions, particles and bulk density, as well as moisture content and durability. The results show that blending proportion of Teak sawdust 75% and Cajuput leaves 25% provided the appropriate fuel pellet properties.
Improvement of boiler efficiency for Rerm-Udom sugar factory
Authors: Chooprsert Praphon , Suluksna Keerati , Tummu Preecha
Published: September 2020

The objective of this study is to conduct a field survey, including data collection and measurements to study the potential of energy conservation measure of Rerm-Udom sugar factory in Udon Thani. The boiler efficiency is measured and calculated using the indirect method. The results of this study show that the most significant loss of the boilers is heat loss due to exhaust gas, which is 17.2%, while the rest heat loss is around 2%. The proposed energy conservation measure to improve the performance of the boiler is to install the economizer, which helps to increase the boiler efficiency for 1.5% and helps to produce additional electricity for 2,362,800 kWh per year or 7,088,400 Baht per year. The investment cost of the economizer is 7,200,000 Baht and the maintenance cost is around 1,000,000 Baht per year. Therefore, the payback period of the energy conservation measure is 1.2 years.
Combustion behavior of rotary solid porous burners (RSPB)
Authors: Ketchat Niwat , Krittacom Bundit
Published: September 2020

The combustion behavior of rotary solid porous burners (RSPB), i.e., temperature (T), exhaust gas (CO and NOx) and combustion efficiency (nc) were investigated. The stainless wire-mesh type of porous media was selected as porous absorber with porosity of 0.82, thickness of 4.2 mm. The rice husk was used as the fuel with the humidity around 12-14%. The experiment showed that the T tends to increase following the rotating velocity (ro) rising around 0.5-1 rpm. When a ro increased to 1.5 rpm, a T had tendency decreasingly. Because, a ro was too high resulting in the fuel in combustion chamber were ejected quickly then the reaction time reduced not enough to burn fuel, leading to incomplete combustion. The air flow rate (Qa) of 40 m3/h and the fuel load input rate (Qf) of 2.3 kg/h, gave the highest of T due to the system become complete combustion. Corresponding to the level of CO, the least level was obtained at ro = 1 rpm, Qf = 2.3 kg/h and Qa = 40 m3/h. The qc yielded highest with 93.7% at the same condition. The NOx in this research was considered as low, not more than 40 ppm in all experimental conditions.
Comparison of ultrasound assisted extraction and enzyme assisted extraction of betacyanin from red dragon fruit peel
Authors: Phan Van Man , Tran Duc Duy , Thi Thanh Hai Dam , Chi Hai Tran
Published: September 2020

This article was intended to extract betacyanin from the peel of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and used it as a natural colorant. In this study, enzyme and ultrasound techniques for the extraction of betacyanin from dried dragon fruit peel were compared. The ultrasonic power and sonication time levels were varied between 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, and W/g; and 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, and 12.5 min. The enzyme concentrations were 0.25, 0.75, 1.25, 1.75, 2.25, and 2.75 %v/w. The results revealed that the maximum betacyanin content obtained by the optimal UAE condition (3.5 W/g and 7.5 min) was 0.3402 mg/g, and 9.47 % higher than that by the EAE method. The first- order kinetic extraction was used to describe the mechanism of extraction of betacyanin from red dragon fruit peels. The initial extraction rate (h) and extraction rate constant (k) of the UAE model were 30.80 and 27.81 % higher than those of the enzyme assisted extraction (EAE) model. The UAE treated only 5.0 min to obtain the highest level of betacyanin (0.323 mg/g), whereas the EAE took up to 20 min to achieve the maximal value (0.309 mg/g). The research clearly shows that the UAE method is a useful method for extracting betacyanin from dried red dragon fruit peel.
Physico-chemical and rheological properties of plain yogurt made from goat’s milk during refrigerated storage
Authors: Suraweera Dinushika , Wichchukit Sukanya
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the addition of culture on the physico-chemical and rheological characteristics of plain set goat milk yogurt during four weeks of refrigerated storage. Three goat milk yogurt formulations were prepared, each varying the type of culture used (ABT5, ABY3 and YC380). There were significant differences in the pH values, titratable acidities, moisture content, total solids and percentage syneresis values of all formulations during the storage. All yogurts exhibited shear thinning (thixotropic) flow with different time-independent models for the upward and downward curves. Their viscoelastic behaviour firmly confirmed their weak gel structure that deteriorated during storage time.
Limitation and good practices for breakage of cold chain on cos lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. longifolia)
Authors: Bundhurat Damorn , Poonlarp Pichaya , Changrue Viboon , Boonyakiat Danai , Muenmanee Nadthawat , Chuamuangphan Chaipichit , Maneewan Warintorn
Published: September 2020

An effect of breaking the cold chain on cos lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. longifolia) had been studied in this research. Cos lettuce was taken under cold chain system at 4°C. Imitating the exposure to high temperature in hot country, cos lettuce was put out in the 25, 30, 35,and 40C atmosphere for 15, 30, 45 and 60 min. Product life, weight loss percentage, change of colour and chlorophyll content were measured to investigate quality degradation of cos lettuce. The limitation and good practices cos lettuce which had to go through cold chain breakage were acquired. From the results, it is recommended that cos lettuce should not exposed to temperature higher than 25C for longer than 30 min in order to maintain acceptable quality and freshness close to absolute cold chain, considered from degradation of weight, colour and chlorophyll. Degree of temperature had influences on degrading levels of cos lettuce. Exposing to temperature higher than 35C would degrade its quality and freshness and reduce storage life and should be avoid in any cases.
The detection of Escherichia coli biofilm in green oak with spectroscopic imaging techniques based on confocal laser scanning microscope
Authors: Klinsuk Jintaphorn , Budtri Natphichon , Aekrum Suwan , Sunongbua Pattarapong , Somphong Charoonsak , Lertsiriyothin Weerasak
Published: September 2020

Microbial recontamination in post- harvest products, specifically for fresh cut fruits and vegetables, often raises concern of consumer health safety since pathogen bacteria readily forms sticky biofilm for their protection that often render ineffective of cleaning or disinfection process. Therefore, tracking biofilm rather than bacteria cells may also be used for indication of microbial recontamination. This research focuses on acquisition of spectroscopic imaging and information for E. coli biofilm adherent on green oak leaf at microscopic level for visible bandwidth. A confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) was applied to investigate for the evident of biofilm formation. In order to enhance spectroscopic signal, staining surface sample with propidium iodide, commonly used for staining dead cell, was specifically investigated to a potential use for determination of E. colis biofilm as an evident of recontamination occurrence. Green oak leaf samples were inoculated with a small drop of viable E. coli of 2.7x109 CFU/ml covering around 7x7 mm2 and all samples were spectroscopic imaged every day for 7 days. Absorbance spectrum acquired by CLSM for the E. coli inoculated samples presented three identity peaks at wavelengths of 620, 670, and 690 nm but the latter identity wavelength appeared to include common autofluorescence of leaf surface physiology so arguable interpretation is unavoidable for 690 nm. In opposite, the identity peaks at 620 and 670 nm presented strong detection of E. coli ‘s biofilm for storage time beyond day 5 at a significant level of confident 99%. However, the lowest minimum detection limit in term of E. coli concentration required more precisely experimental validation.
Electronic nose system for rancidity and insect monitoring of brown rice
Authors: Neamsorn Natawut , Changrue Viboon , Chanbang Yaowalak , Kunasakdakul Kaewalin , Theanjumpol Parichat , Kantakaew Phongprapan
Published: September 2020

Electronic nose system was designed and fabricated for classification of rancidity and pest damages in brown rice. The electronic nose system was included gas handling system, sensors array and data acquisition and processing system. Response signal from sensors array was recorded and processed. The results showed that the E-nose could classify normal and rancid brown rice (KDML105) and the classification model had Rv2 = 0.92 and SEP = 0.14. The model also gave satisfactory result for classification of brown rice which was damaged by insects (Tribolium castaneum) with Rv2 =0.98 and SEP = 0.06. It was possible to use electronic nose as the quality monitoring system during storage of KDML105 brown rice.
Physico-chemical properties of Guava fruits from organic and conventional cultivation systems
Authors: Srinil Kajornpong , Sugsamran Anutida , Sorntammalee Suratchaya , Wichchukit Sukanya
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to evaluate physico-chemical properties of guava fruits, ‘Paen Srithong’ and ‘Kim Ju’, from organic and conventional cultivation Systems. Two nearby orchards were selected for the study. Soil chemical attributes, physical properties of guava fruits: weight, density, sphericity, total soluble solids and mechanical testing and chemical properties: ascorbic acid and pectin contents were analysed. The result showed that the organic orchard contained higher levels of soil organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium than the conventional orchard. The organic fruits from both cultivars exhibited less density, higher ascorbic acid and higher flesh firmness than the conventional cultivated fruits. ‘Paen Srithong’ cultivar from organic cultivation system exhibited additional significant differences in bigger size and higher contents in TSS and pectin than the conventional cultivated fruits. This confirmation supports positive consumer perceptions on organic guava fruits. It is very useful for promoting the quality of organic guava fruit and enhancing sale.
Design of horizontal shear strain instrument for co-estimation of soil stress-strain
Authors: Kulketwong Chompoonud , Thungsotanon Dithaporn
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to design and fabricate the horizontal shear strain transducer (HST) for measuring the soil strain under the agricultural machinery traffic by using a rotary potentiometer which was an angular strain change detector. The angular movable mechanism was calibrated and evaluated the characteristics of the instrument in the laboratory, and found that the non-linearity and the hysteresis were 4.56 and 4.42%, respectively. Furthermore, the strain measurement device was buried in the field to compare the shear strain at varying tractor velocities (5, 6.5 and 8 km/h). For all vehicle speed at the first passage, the shear strain and soil bulk density obviously increased, whereas the final moisture content decreased; as a result, the lower velocity caused higher shear strain.
Music Scoring for Film Using Fruity Loops Studio
Authors: Febrian Arsya , Rante Hestiasari , Sukaridhoto Sritrusta , Alimudin Akhmad
Published: September 2020

Making music for a film can be said to be quite challenging for some people with the necessity that music can evoke the atmosphere in the film. Determination and placement of audio aspects into visual form are things done in the music scoring process. Of course, it will be very inconvenient and inefficient when making music must be through recording instruments manually through the studio. As technology develops in the world of music production, making music for films can now be made using only a computer. This can happen thanks to the Digital Audio Workstation (DAW) software. Nowadays, various types of DAW are emerging, including one that is quite well known, Fruity Loops Studio or commonly called FL Studio. This study aims to find out how the music scoring process for a film using FL Studio, as a reference for making music for films.
Conceptualizing Indonesia’s ICT-based Energy Security Tracking System with Detailed Indicators from Smart City Extension
Authors: Yandri Erkata , Hendroko Setyobudi Roy , Susanto Herry , Abdullah Kamaruddin , Adhi Nugroho Yogo , Krido Wahono Satriyo , Wijayanto Feri , Nurdiansyah Yanuar
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is to conceptualize Indonesia’s ICT-based energy security tracking system with detailed indicators of renewable energy (RE) and energy efficiency (EE) from the smart city extension. The opportunities for improvement to the energy security system is still wide open with the support of advances in information and communication technology (ICT) to integrate the internet and smart grid. The method refers to five main dimensions: availability, efficiency, affordability, sustainability, and governance. Then, how to link the concept of energy security with detailing indicator of RE and EE to the smart city. Empirically, energy security is a function of availability, efficiency, affordability, sustainability, and governance. The most important dimension is the Government (Go) to realize the interconnectivity and the information. If the Go has been realized, the other four dimensions will be easily obtained. With the development of ICT, the energy security status will certainly be more easily accessed anytime and anywhere by the stakeholders. The concept of a smart city usually integrated with the ICT infrastructure, especially for monitoring, management and decision-making tool. This research provides an overview of how the concept of energy security system is closely related to the implementation of the smart grid.
Image Restoration using Mirroring Method Which Based on the Gradient Direction
Authors: Somawirata I Komang , Soetedjo Aryuanto , Sotyohadi Sotyohadi , Utaminingrum Fitri , Mel Maizirwan
Published: September 2020

Restoring a damaged image is a challenging topic in the field of image restoration. The famous previous method for restoring a degraded image are filters (inverse and wiener) and maximum a posteriori (MAP) formulation. However, that method has limited performance for restoring damaged images. In this paper, the multi mirroring method have been implemented for reconstructing damaged image which based on gradient direction. Firstly, the method will detect damaged image areas and then the multi mirroring method is implemented for filling a damaged image area. The simulation result shows that the proposed method has good result and capable to restore the damaged image.
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Improvement using DC-DC Boost Converter
Authors: Khairunnisa Khairunnisa , Rachman Syaiful , Yohanes Edi , Uji Krismanto Awan , Fadil Jazuli , Soedibyo Soedibyo , Ashari Mochamad , Abuzalata Mahmoud
Published: September 2020

Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) can be operated in any direction of wind speed, but it has low rotation. To improve the performance of VAWT in which low rotation, this paper presents a simple control strategy of VAWT using a DC-DC boost converter to tap constant voltage in a standalone application. The main objective of this research is to maintain a constant output voltage of converter despite variation input voltage affected by variable wind speed. A simple proportional-integral (PI) controller has been used for a DC-DC boost converter and tested in MATLAB-Simulink environment, with the closed-loop system of the converter maintain constant output voltage although the wind speed is kept changing. The PI controller obtains the feedback from the output voltage of the boost converter to produce the correct pulse width modulation (PWM) duty cycle and trigger the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) following the reference voltage of the turbine. This system has suppressed the value of overshoot and increased the efficiency of wind turbines as 34 %.
Inventory Support System for Retail Shop
Authors: Tanamal Rinabi , Nurdiansyah Yanuar , Firdaus Firdaus
Published: September 2020

Nowadays having a traditional way recording inventory were very troublesome. Inventory stock is very important when someone run a retail business. If they are not managing inventory well, they will be experiencing losses as if they supply too much, it will risk damaging the stocks and may spending too much storage costs, and vice versa, if the supplies are not sufficient then the customer needs cannot be fulfilled and they will lose profits. Therefore, demand for next period should be estimated, so that customer demand can still be met and they are not bearing the cost of having too many stocks. Shop XYZ is a retail business that sells household daily needs, and they don’t know exact number of items in the warehouse. With these problems, this research aims to create procedures and how to forecast reorder quantity of each selected items.
How A PID Controlling A Nonlinear Plant
Authors: Pangaribuan Timbang , Parulian Siahaan Sahat , Leh Chen Shyh
Published: September 2020

This paper investigates the weakness of feedback controller to find the best parameter of PID controller of a nonlinear inverted pendulum system (NL-IPS). Stability and performance analysis of a NL-IPS are carried out with combination of feedback and PID controllers. It is found that the NL-IPS which was stabilized by feedback controller provides some weakness. By addition of PID controller on closed loop NL-IPS will provide better tracking and response on zero steady state error.
Manufacturing technology and application of cooling stave in blast furnace
Authors: Deng Yong , Liu Ran , Zhang Jianliang , Jiao Kexin
Published: September 2020

The service life of blast furnace (BF) is depending on the cooling equipment of furnace body, cooling stave which is an important cooling equipment for BF has attracted more attention. In the current paper, the classification of BF cooling staves in China was introduced, cast iron stave, cast steel stave, copper stave, and copper-steel composite stave were used on different parts of furnace body. The manufacture of cooling staves was studied, evaporative pattern casting (EPC) was favored due to high automation and environmental protection. The strong combination between steel plate and copper plate of copper-steel composite stave could be ensured under high-speed oblique impact through explosive welding. High density and high thermal conductivity of copper stave could be obtained by efficient rolling technology. The performance and application of BF cooling stave were investigated, the advantages and disadvantages of the various cooling staves were analysed, the thermal resistance between the steel water pipe and the cast iron body accounted for about 80% of the total thermal resistance which would affect the cooling effect of cast iron stave. The significant cost advantage of copper-steel composite stave was found compared with copper stave, test results of copper-steel composite stave in a commercial BF showed that the cooling effect is equivalent to that of the copper stave. The suitable cooling stave in BF should be selected according to the characteristics of the various cooling staves, the heat transfer balance and the stability of the skull on the hot face must be ensured to protect the cooling stave.
Implantate der weiblichen Brust – Teil 1: Normalbefund in der MRT
Authors: Fischer Uwe , Said Hafiez
Published: September 2020

Die prothetische Versorgung der Brust zur Organvergrößerung gehört seit den 60er Jahren des letzten Jahrhunderts zum medizinischen Routineeingriff, wobei dieses Thema in überwiegendem Maße Frauen, aber auch Transsexuelle betrifft 1
2. Entsprechende Operationen erfolgen einerseits mit plastisch-ästhetischer Zielsetzung oder andererseits zur Herstellung der normalen anatomischen Verhältnisse nach onkologischer Brustdrüsen- oder Brustdrüsenteilentfernung. Zum Einsatz kamen hierbei anfänglich in erster Linie Silikonimplantate, später wurden auch Kochsalz- und Polyacrylimplantate genutzt 3
4
5. Im ersten von 3 Teilen erfolgt die bildgebende Präsentation von Normalbefunden bei Implantaten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der MRT.
ABC5 – Internationale Konsensuskonferenz zum fortgeschrittenen Mammakarzinom, Lissabon, 16.11.2019 – Deutsche Expertengruppe kommentiert ABC5-Abstimmungsergebnisse
Authors: Untch Michael , Würstlein Rachel , Lüftner Diana , Haidinger Renate , Fasching Peter A. , Augustin Doris , Briest Susanne , Ettl Johannes , Förster Frank , Kurbacher Christian M. , Lück Hans-Joachim , Marschner Norbert , Müller Lothar , Müller Volkmar , Radke Isabel , Ruckhäberle Eugen , Scheffen Iris , Schumacher-Wulf Eva , Schwoerer Moritz , Steinfeld-Birg Dieter , Ziegler-Löhr Katja , Thomssen Christoph , Harbeck Nadia
Published: September 2020

Vom 14. bis 16. November 2019 fand in Lissabon die fünfte internationale Konsensuskonferenz ABC5 (Advanced Breast Cancer Fifth Consensus) zu Diagnostik und Behandlung des fortgeschrittenen Mammakarzinoms statt. Ziel ist es, die Behandlung der Patientinnen mit fortgeschrittenem Mammakarzinom weltweit auf evidenzbasierter Grundlage zu standardisieren und sicherzustellen, dass Patientinnen überall auf der Welt adäquat behandelt werden und Zugang zu neuen Therapien erhalten. Ein inhaltlicher Schwerpunkt lag dieses Jahr auf neuen Entwicklungen und Studienergebnissen beim fortgeschrittenen Mammakarzinom sowie der Präzisionsmedizin. Zudem ist die Zusammenarbeit mit den Patientenvertreterinnen aus aller Welt ein wichtiges Anliegen der ABC-Konferenz, weshalb in dem international zusammengesetzten ABC-Panel auch Patientenvertreterinnen sind. Im vorliegenden Manuskript werden die Abstimmungsergebnisse der ABC5-Panelisten vor Ort durch eine Arbeitsgruppe deutscher Brustkrebsexperten für den Therapiealltag in Deutschland kommentiert. Der Kommentierung liegen die Empfehlungen der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie (AGO), Kommission „Mamma“, zugrunde. Sie erscheint sinnvoll, da in den ABC-Konsensus auch länderspezifische Besonderheiten einfließen.
Covid-19 in der Neuroreha – ein Interview mit Prof. Dr. Thomas Platz
Authors: Lotze Martin
Published: September 2020

Professor Dr. Thomas Platz ist derzeitiger Präsident und Leiter der Leitlinienkommission der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurorehabilitation (DGNR). Wir haben ihn zum Thema Coronavirus-Pandemie und Covid-19 befragt.
Computerized image analysis of blood vessels within mucosal defects for the prediction of delayed bleeding following colonic endoscopic mucosal resection: a pilot study
Authors: Shaleve Yonatan , Sabo Edmond , Bourke Michael J. , Klein Amir
Published: September 2020

Background Clinically significant post-endoscopic bleeding (CSPEB) is a common complication following colonic endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). Current prediction tools are clinical and do not use the appearance of the post-EMR mucosal defect. We aimed to predict CSPEB by analyzing blood vessel morphology within the post-EMR mucosal defect.

Methods 43 patients with CSPEB were matched to 43 non-bleeders for clinical variables associated with CSPEB. Computerized image analysis quantified the morphologic characteristics of the blood vessels in the defect. Variables were measured in relation to the mucosal defect area. Multivariate analysis and a neural network (NNET) were used as prediction models.

Results The CSPEB group vessels had larger maximum diameter (113.07 vs. 69.03; P < 0.001), larger minimum radius (5.09 vs. 3.28; P = 0.002), larger perimeter value (337.82 vs. 193.86; P < 0.001), larger vessel length-of-outline (351.83 vs. 220.68; P = 0.002), and larger fractal dimension (1.11 vs. 1.10; P = 0.005) compared with non-bleeders. Discriminant analysis yielded 86 % sensitivity and 76.7 % specificity and an NNET classifier yielded 100 % sensitivity and 76.9 % specificity for identifying patients at risk.

Conclusions Blood vessel morphology in the post-EMR defect can be used to predict bleeding following colonic EMR.
Synthetically Important Ring-Opening Acylations of Alkoxybenzenes
Authors: Talukdar Ranadeep
Published: September 2020

Cyclic ketones, anhydrides, lactams and lactones are a particular class of molecules that are often used in synthesis, wherein their electrophilic properties are leveraged to enable facile Friedel–Crafts ring openings through nucleophilic attack at the carbonyl sp2 centre. The use of electron-rich alkoxybenzenes as nucleophiles has also become important since the discovery of the Friedel–Crafts reaction. As a result, various isomeric alkoxybenzenes are used for preparing starting materials in target-oriented syntheses. This review covers the instances of different alkoxybenzenes that are used as nucleophiles in ring-opening acylations with carbonyl-containing cyclic electrophiles, for the construction of important building blocks for multistep transformations. This review summarizes the ring-opening functionalization of three- to seven-membered molecular rings with alkoxybenzenes in a Friedel–Crafts fashion. Sometimes the rings need subtle or considerable activation by the help of Lewis acid(s), followed by nucleophilic attack. This review is aimed to be a summary of the important acylations of electron-rich alkoxybenzenes by nucleophilic ring-opening of cyclic molecules. The works cited employ a wide range of conditions and differently substituted substrates for target-oriented syntheses.

1 Introduction and Scope

2 Arenes for Acylative Ring Opening

2.1 Three-Membered Rings: Ring Opening of Oxirane-2,3-dione

2.2 Four-Membered Rings

2.2.1 Ring Opening of Cyclobutanones

2.2.2 Ring Opening of β-Lactams

2.2.3 Ring Opening of β-Lactone

2.3 Five-Membered Rings

2.3.1 Ring Opening of Phthalimides

2.3.2 Ring Opening of γ-Lactones

2.3.3 Ring Opening of Anhydrides

2.4 Six-Membered Rings

2.5 Seven-Membered Rings

3 Conclusion