bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediksi Tingkat Kesehatan Masyakarat Berdasarkan Penggunaan Alat Kontrasepsi Menggunakan Algoritma Random Forest
Authors: Yahya Yahya , Nurhidayati Nurhidayati , Suherman Andri
Published: January 2024

Public health is part of a lifestyle that is used to prevent disease, extend life span, and improve the quality of human resources. Therefore, it is very necessary to study public health from various aspects, so that the goals and targets to be achieved can be realized. One of the studies presented was the use of contraceptives for rural communities, especially rural communities in Suralaga District, East Lombok Regency - West Nusa Tenggara. The use of contraceptives, which is one of the methods used in implementing family planning, is still at a relatively low level. Based on the data held relating to this matter, analysis and data processing are needed in determining the decisions to be taken to determine the effect of contraceptives in improving public health. Data processing and analysis is carried out using the Random Forest algorithm, which is due to the appropriate characteristics of the datasets used. To get the best results or performance in determining the level of accuracy, the datasets used have 10 attributes, namely: full name, age, last education, couple of childbearing age, age at first pregnancy, age at first birth, ready for birth control, contraceptives, following the contact program, and birth distance. The accuracy obtained was 71.99% with the decision tree output that the most common and efficient contraceptives used in the Suralaga District area were birth control pills and birth control injections.
Insecticide Susceptibility and KDR Mutations in Aedes albopictus Collected from Seven Districts of Guangyuan city, Northern Sichuan, China
Authors: ZHAO QIONGYAO , JIA YONGCHAO , LU XIAOQIANG , LIU YANCHUN , YIN ZHONGYI , ZHANG YANFANG , FU YU , LUO XING , CHU ZICAI , QIU XINGHUI
Published: January 2024

The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is an important vector of chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika viruses. Vector control remains an important means for the prevention and control of vector-borne diseases. The development of insecticide resistance has become a serious threat to the efficacy of insecticide-based control programs. To understand the resistance status and the underlying genetic mechanism in mosquitoes in Guangyuan City of Sichuan Province, China, we investigated the susceptibility of Ae. albopictus to four commonly used insecticides. We found that all the examined populations were susceptible to malathion and propoxur. However, Ae. albopictus populations in Guangyuan showed a possible resistance to the two tested pyrethroids (beta-cypermethrin and deltamethrin). Notably, phenotypic resistance to deltamethrin was detected in 2 of the 7 populations. The potential of resistance to pyrethroids was confirmed by the presence of knockdown resistance (kdr) related mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel. Four kdr mutations (V1016G, I1532T, F1534L, and F1534S) were identified to be present alone or in combination, and their distribution displayed significant spatial heterogeneity. These findings are helpful for making evidence-based mosquito control strategies and highlight the need to regularly monitor the dynamics of pyrethroid resistance in this city.
Status of air quality in Rajshahi metropolitan area, Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmad Kamruzzaman Majumder  , Abu Muhmmad Kamruzzaman  , Marziat Rahman  , Md Nasir Ahmmed Patoary
Published: January 2024

Rajshahi is well-known as a model city for clean air in Bangladesh but in recent time air pollution is increasing in metropolitan areas. This study aims to examine the concentration of Particulate Matters (PM₁, PM₂.₅, and PM₁₀) in the Rajshahi metropolitan area during March 2021, with a focus on distinct land use categories. The research was carried out in 40 different sites within the Rajshahi metropolitan area, utilizing a portable device for measuring air quality. It was found that the average concentrations of PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀ were 56.41 and 72.63 µg/m³ respectively, which is 2.25 and 1.45-fold than World Health Organizations (WHO) Standards. According to this study, the three locations with the highest levels of PM₂.₅ pollution were the Mohanonda project gate (105.750 µg/m³), Textile Mill (79.750 µg/m³), and Sarkar Cold Storage (71.750 µg/m³). The concentration of PM₂.₅ in the most polluted location was found to be 1.63 times than the standard level set by Department of Environment (DoE) and 4.23 times higher than the WHO standard. Furthermore, it was calculated that the average PM₂.₅/PM₁₀ ratio was 77.70% and the average PM₁/PM₂.₅ ratio was 60.16%. It also revealed that temperature is negatively and humidity is positively correlated with PM₁, PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀, which means any change in the concentration of PM₁, PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀ can cause a significant change in the percentage of humidity in the same direction, for humidity the change would be in opposite direction. The concentration of PM₂.₅ in ambient air with respect to land use decreases as follows: industrial area > village area > road intersection area > sensitive area > mixed area > commercial area > residential area.
Histopathological spectrum of endometrial biopsies in abnormal uterine bleeding at tertiary care centre, Jodhpur
Authors: Nisha Gangwal  , Madhu Gupta  , Laxmi Aheer  , Himanshi Gangwal
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) shows spectrum of patterns on histopathology and pathologist plays a vital role in reporting of endometrial biopsies and helps in differentiating nonneoplastic lesion from neoplastic lesions, early detection of the precursor lesions and exclusion of malignancy. Aim - The aim of this study is to study the spectrum of endometrial patterns in women with AUB and to correlate it with the different age groups. Materials and Methods: 200 samples of endometrial biopsies with AUB were received from the gynecology department, processed and stained with hematoxylin & eosin and subjected to histopathological examination. Results: The peak incidence is observed in the age group of 41-50 years. The predominant histological pattern observed is secretory and proliferative pattern and disordered endometrium (68%) followed by endometrial hyperplasia (10%) and the least common pattern is atrophic endometrium (1%). 2% cases are of endometrial carcinoma found in our study. Conclusion: AUB significantly affects the quality life of women and leads to anemia. Hence histopathological examination should be considered which plays a critical role in early diagnosis of endometrial pathology and to provide appropriate gynecological management. Endometrial sampling is an effective diagnostic tool and it needs to be considered in all patients from peri- and post-menopausal age groups with AUB so to provide appropriate management.
Effect of Footrot on embryo losses in Polwarth sheep
Authors: Daniel Fernández Abella  , Nelson Omar Villegas  , Fernando Nan Monte  , Oscar Irabuena Richard
Published: January 2024

Footrot is caused by the association of Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum. The disease is characterised by severe lameness associated with initial inflammation at the coronary band, followed by progressive separation of the hoof capsule from the underlying tissue. This determines uneasiness in the animal and loss of body condition. Embryo losses are affected by several factors that interact with each other. Among them, the body condition of the sheep is an important factor. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the embryo losses associated with footrot in Polwarth sheep. In autumn, 130 ewes were synchronized with intravaginal sponges for 14 days. According to the footrot score diagnosed, three groups were made: Score 0) Healthy ;1) with minor injuries and 3) with more significant injuries without becoming serious (Scores 4 and 5). Embryo loss (EM) was measured from 18 days post-service to day 50, followed up every 5 days, by transrectal ultrasonography. Subsequently, the presence, number, and size of embryos or foetuses were recorded, as well as the presence of dead embryos or foetuses. The loss of body condition status was determined to have higher embryonic losses in group 3 (72,0%) than in the others (< 25,0).
Physiochemical study of some perennial fruits and vegetables available in local market of Bangladesh
Authors: Sharif Md. Al-Reza  , Md. Shadiqul Islam  , Sumaiya Islam Sadia  , Jenine Islam Shama  , Sabreena Jahan
Published: January 2024

Fruits and vegetables are generally valued for their rich content of vitamins and minerals. The chemical composition such as moisture, ash and total vitamin C content of five vegetables (potato, pumpkin, carrot, green papaya, bitter gourd) and five fruits (mango, lemon, cucumber, pineapple, tomato) were examined methodically in this investigation. The investigation is performed by gravimetric and thermo-gravimetric methods which occurred by using oven, muffle furnace and titrating instrumentation. The result indicated that moisture content varied from 75.33% to 95.80%, ash content varied from 0.19% to 1.21% and vitamin C content varied from 9.1 mg/ml to 55.66 mg/ml in the selected samples. These outcomes conclusively hint that moisture content is highly presented in tomato, ash content is high in mango and vitamin C is high in lemon. Moisture content is used for the quality factor of some products like jams and jelly sugar crystallization and food packaging. Ash content measures the minerals in the food and minerals are very essential elements for the body. Vitamin C is the master of extraction and determination of ascorbic acid in food products and it’s a complete deficiency that results in scurvy.
A review of advanced wastewater treatment technologies: USA vs. Africa
Authors: Zamathula Queen Sikhakhane Nwokediegwu  , Michael Ayorinde Dada  , Onyeka Henry Daraojimba  , Johnson Sunday Oliha  , Michael Tega Majemite  , Alexander Obaigbena
Published: January 2024

This research paper conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of advanced wastewater treatment technologies in the USA and Africa, emphasizing infrastructure, regulatory frameworks, and socio-economic factors. The USA exhibits robust infrastructure, supportive regulations, and technological awareness, fostering the adoption of advanced solutions. In contrast, Africa faces limited resources and diverse regulatory landscapes. Affordability, accessibility, public awareness, and education are critical socio-economic factors influencing technology adoption. Prospects include innovations like AI integration and circular economy principles. Policy recommendations stress adaptive frameworks and international collaborations. The conclusion underscores the importance of inclusive strategies for global sustainable wastewater management, recognizing each region's unique socio-economic diversity. This research contributes valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners working towards resilient and equitable wastewater treatment systems.
Review of innovative approaches in water infrastructure: Sustainable desalination and public-private partnerships
Authors: Zamathula Queen Sikhakhane Nwokediegwu  , Alexander Obaigbena  , Michael Tega Majemite  , Onyeka Henry Daraojimba  , Johnson Sunday Oliha  , Michael Ayorinde Dada
Published: January 2024

The abstract concisely overviews the research paper "Review of Innovative Approaches in Water Infrastructure: Sustainable Desalination and Public-Private Partnerships." This comprehensive review explores integrating sustainable desalination technologies within Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) to address global water scarcity challenges. Examining advancements in reverse osmosis, solar desalination, and forward osmosis, the paper evaluates their environmental, social, and economic implications. It underscores the significance of PPPs in financing and implementing large-scale projects. Future trends, including technological innovations and climate-resilient strategies, are explored. The findings emphasize the need for inclusive governance, knowledge sharing, and adaptive policies to ensure the success of integrated desalination PPPs in fostering sustainable water infrastructure.
Inhibitory potential of turmeric extract (Curcuma domestica Val.) toward the growth of Streptococcus gordonii bacteria
Authors: Hartini Benita  , Haniya Diva Kurotul Aini  , Prawati Nuraini  , Soegeng Wahluyo
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Dental caries is a disease caused by damage to the hard tissue of the teeth by the metabolic activity of bacteria, one of which is the cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus gordonii. Turmeric is one of the most popular spices in Asia with good antibacterial capabilities. Turmeric content such as curcumin can inhibit bacterial growth. Objective: To determine the potential inhibitory power of turmeric extract on the growth of Streptococcus gordonii. Method: The research is carried out using in vitro laboratory experimental analytical research with a posttest only control group design. The research determined the effect of turmeric extract concentrations of 50%, 12.5%, 3.125%, 0.78% against Streptococcus gordonii bacteria on agar media. Statistical data analysis is carried out to determine whether there was a significant effect of turmeric extract on the inhibition of the growth of Streptococcus gordonii bacteria in each treatment. Results: There was a significant influence on the test results between groups of turmeric extract concentration on the inhibitory power of Streptococcus gordonii bacteria. Conclusion: Turmeric extract can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus gordonii. Higher concentration of turmeric rhizome extract which can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus gordonii bacteria more effectively.
Pyopneumothorax revealing a complicated hydatid cyst of the lung
Authors: Maryem Hindi  , Hajar Benaziz  , Oussama Fikri  , Lamyae Amro
Published: January 2024

Pulmonary hydatidosis remains asymptomatic for a long time, and may be revealed following a complication such as intrapleural rupture. This entity, known as pyopneumothorax, poses a diagnostic problem even in countries with high hydatid endemicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical, radiological and therapeutic aspects of pulmonary hydatid cysts revealed by spontaneous pyopneumothorax. This is a retrospective descriptive study of 5 patients with spontaneous pyopneumothorax revealing complicated pulmonary hydatidosis collected over 8 years at the Pneumology Department, CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech, Morocco. Patients were younger and male. Clinical signs were dominated by cough and fever. Chest X-ray showed a hydroaeric image. Pleural puncture revealed a purulent fluid. Direct examination and culture of this fluid did not isolate any germs. All patients were drained and put on initial probabilistic antibiotic therapy. In view of the lack of clinical, biological and radiological improvement and the clinical presentation, we suspected complicated pulmonary hydatidosis. CT scan and thoracic ultrasound confirmed the diagnosis of ruptured KHP.
The role of social support in suicidal behavior: A literature review
Authors: Ester Nugraheni  , Nining Febriyana
Published: January 2024

Suicide is a harmful behavior and a public health problem. Suicide has been associated with negative stress coping. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of social support on suicidal behavior or intention. This study used a literature review method, sourced from national and international scientific journal articles. Articles were obtained through Google Scholar, PUBMED, Science Direct, and SAGE. This results of this study indicate a relationship between social support and suicidal behavior.
An Extraordinary case report: Bilateral pure perilunate dislocation
Authors: Laffani Mohamed  , Chrak Abdellah  , El Khaymy Khalid  , Eladaoui Oussama  , Bennouna Driss  , Fadili Mustapha
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Perilunate dislocation of the carpus is an unusual injury, requiring high-energy trauma. The simultaneous bilateral form is so rare that is worthy of report, with only a few cases mentioned in the literature. We present the case of a patient with an open volar dislocation of the right wrist associated with a closed dorsal dislocation of the left wrist and distal radioulnar subluxation. Case report: A 30-year-old, right hand dominant male, suffered injuries to both wrists after being involved in a high-speed car accident. Examination of the patient revealed diffuse swelling and tenderness to both wrists with a lacerated wound over the dorsum of right wrist. Anteroposterior and lateral X-rays of both wrists were obtained, which showed bilateral perilunate pure dislocations: volar in the right side and dorsal the left side combined with a dorsal subluxation of the distal radioulnar joint. Discussion: Perilunate dislocations are relatively rare injuries involving approximately only 7% of all injuries of the carpus. It is often overlooked in primary evaluations, approximately 25% of perilunate injuries were missed. A better comprehension of the injury's mechanism and its full extent has led to better management strategies. It is recommended in the literature, that the best treatment of these injuries is open reduction, restoration of carpal bones relationship, repair of the ligaments and a proper rehabilitation and physiotherapy program.
Determination of chemical composition and insecticidal potential of leaf essential oil of Mentha piperita L.
Authors: Rianat Funmilayo Olayemi  , Haruna Balarabe Shehu  , Abdulmalik Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Pulverised fresh Mentha piperita leaves was subjected to hydrodistillation for three hours in a Clevenger-type apparatus. The oil obtained was characterised using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and also evaluated for insecticidal activity on Callosobruchus maculatus (bean weevils) and Sitophilus zeamais (maize weevils). The oil afforded a yield of 0.78% (w/w). A total of 39 compounds were identified from their mass spectra representing 98.9% of the oil. The classes of compounds identified revealed predominance of oxygenated monoterpenoids (72.4%), hydrogenated monoterpenoids accounted for 6.0%, hydrogenated sesquiterpenoids and oxygenated sesquiterpenoids constituted 12.2 and 4.0% respectively. Other non-terpenic compounds detected in the oil accounted for 4.3% of the total oil. The most abundant compound was menthol (40.4%), other major compounds identified were menthone (12.3%), menthofuran (9.2%), 1, 8-cineole (5.6%) and limonene (5.5%). The percentage mortality of between 68-94.5% and 65-90.2% were recorded for bean weevils and maize weevils respectively after exposure to 10µl essential oil vapour in fumigation chambers for 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours. The insecticidal activity of the oil compared favourably with that of standard insecticide and so can be used to formulate an alternative insecticide from botanical source.
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate combination on the growth of Enterococcus faecalis and cytotoxicity on fibroblast cells
Authors: Titien Hary Agustantina  , Faza Aidah Hanifah  , Nabila Dian Pertiwi  , Risma Almufarrida Ihsani  , Nabilla Eka Dyas Putri  , Intan Nirwana  , Elly Munadziroh
Published: January 2024

Background: Calcium hydroxide is an ingredient that is often used in pulp capping procedures. Calcium hydroxide can cause chronic inflammation and has weak antibacterial properties against Enterococcus faecalis. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has anti-inflammatory properties and antibacterial properties against Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. Materials applied to the oral cavity were non-cytotoxic, biocompatible and antibacterial. Purpose: To determine the inhibitory effect against Enterococcus faecalis bacterial growth and cytotoxic to fibroblast cells of calcium hydroxide and EGCG combination with various concentrations of EGCG solution 5 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL. Method: Calcium hydroxide mixed with EGCG with EGCG concentration in distilled water, at 5 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL concentrations. The inhibitory test was tested using Petri dishes with Mueller-Hinton agar, using a dilution method. Observation of the inhibition zone at Petri dishes was carried out by measuring the diameter around the well using calipers. The cytotoxicity test was tested on BHK-21 fibroblast cells using the MTT assay test. The Formazan optical density test indicated the number of live cells. Result: The result of the inhibitory test showed a significant difference between the calcium hydroxide-EGCG group. The cytotoxicity test showed that there was no significant difference in the percentage of living fibroblasts, after administration of the calcium hydroxide-EGCG combination.
Maternal risk factors for low birth weight infants: A systematic review study
Authors: Siti Lutfia  , Sofia Al Farizi
Published: January 2024

Background: More than 80% of newborn deaths are low birth weight babies. The cause of most neonatal deaths in Indonesia in 2021 was the condition of low birth weight babies (LBW) at 34.5%. The availability and quality of LBW data varies greatly between countries, so to achieve the target of reducing LBW, more data and good quality data are needed. This study aimed to review the evidence linking risk factors for LBW using a systematic review study. Methods: Articles published in 2020-2023 in google scholar, pubmed and science direct databases were systematically reviewed. Eight articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included as samples for further review. Results on maternal risk factors for LBW were synthesized systematically. Results: From the search results, 756 articles were obtained, after the screening process, the final result was 8 articles. Risk factors that were significantly associated with LBW in the articles were grouped into subthemes, including: maternal age, parity, pregnancy spacing, education, occupation, residence, body mass index, weight gain, anemia, gestational age below 37 weeks, smoking, preeclampsia, adverse obstetric history, medical examination, pregnancy danger signs and history of adenomyosis, Conclusion: The various risk factors identified indicate that the target of reducing LBW rates must take many approaches. The diversity of data on risk factors is expected to help determine the distribution of causes and interventions for the handling and prevention of LBW.
A Review of sustainable transportation solutions: Innovations, challenges, and future directions
Authors: Emmanuel Augustine Etukudoh  , Adedayo Adefemi  , Valentine Ikenna Ilojianya  , Aniekan Akpan Umoh  , Kenneth Ifeanyi Ibekwe  , Zamathula Queen Sikhakhane Nwokediegwu
Published: January 2024

The paper explores the need for sustainable transportation alternatives that minimize environmental repercussions, focusing on advancements in public transit systems, electric vehicles (EVs), alternative fuels, and innovative mobility concepts. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the strengths and limitations inherent in sustainable transportation solutions, highlighting the efficiency gains of well-designed public transit systems and the monumental leap represented by electric vehicles powered by rechargeable batteries. However, the journey towards sustainable transportation is not without challenges, such as infrastructure limitations, cost considerations, and the imperative for behavioral shifts. The paper dissects these challenges, shedding light on the intricacies that demand attention from researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders alike. Infrastructure development is a critical linchpin, demanding strategic investment and collaboration to overcome hurdles of building and maintaining extensive public transportation networks, EV charging infrastructure, and alternative fuel production facilities. Cost considerations are a formidable barrier, particularly with the initial costs of EVs and alternative fuel vehicles surpassing those of traditional counterparts. The paper advocates for government incentives and research funding to bridge the financial gap, making sustainable transportation options accessible to a broader demographic. Technological advancements, ranging from battery technology to autonomous vehicle capabilities, serve as the engine driving the evolution of sustainable transportation. The paper underscores the need for continuous research and development initiatives to refine these technologies, enhancing efficiency, affordability, and range. Behavioral shifts pose a unique challenge, necessitating effective public awareness campaigns and policy interventions. The paper explores the opportunities presented by education, advocacy, and policy innovation in instigating this cultural shift. The paper also emphasizes the importance of social equity and accessibility in the pursuit of sustainable transportation. It advocates for inclusive policies that ensure the benefits of sustainable transportation are accessible to all demographics. Community engagement and impact assessments are proposed as indispensable tools to identify and address gaps in accessibility.
A case study of pica disorder
Authors: Alberta Shkembi  , Gjeorgjina Kuli-LITO  , Elda Skenderi  , Sonila Tomori  , Genti Xhelili  , Asja Durma
Published: January 2024

This article presents a case study of pica disorder. The patient shows difficulties in his functionality, difficulties affect his daily functionality because with the consumption on inedible substances, he risks his life. Also the patient have difficulties understanding verbal aburties also his memory has failed he can’t make the difference between two same objects. In different social situations he can’t answer for his age. Regarding the treatment, we must first differentiate if it is happening as a reaction to a stressful event or any emotional discomfort that is happening to the child. We must evaluate if the child is seeing it as a compensatory action of oral pleasures. The purpose of treatment is to stop inappropriate behavior.
Environmental factors in public health: A review of global challenges and solutions
Authors: Tolulope O Olorunsogo  , Jane Osareme Ogugua  , Muridzo Muonde  , Chinedu Paschal Maduka  , Olufunke Omotayo
Published: January 2024

Environmental factors play a pivotal role in shaping public health outcomes on a global scale. This paper provides a succinct overview of the review exploring the intricate relationship between environmental elements and public health, highlighting the challenges faced worldwide and proposing solutions for a healthier future. The review begins by dissecting the diverse range of environmental challenges that significantly impact public health. From air and water pollution to climate change, the scope encompasses both traditional pollutants and emerging threats. The interconnectedness of ecosystems and human health is underscored, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive understanding of environmental determinants. Amidst the challenges, the review navigates through innovative solutions and strategies to mitigate the adverse health effects of environmental factors. Initiatives addressing pollution reduction, sustainable urban planning, and ecosystem preservation emerge as key components. The exploration extends to the incorporation of advanced technologies, data-driven interventions, and international collaborations to tackle environmental health issues at a global level. Furthermore, the review delves into the importance of public awareness and education in fostering sustainable practices. Empowering communities to understand the reciprocal relationship between their environment and health is identified as a crucial aspect of long-term solutions. The role of policymakers and advocacy in promoting environmental policies that prioritize public health outcomes is also emphasized. The review encapsulates the intricate web of challenges posed by environmental factors to public health and envisions a future where proactive measures and collaborative efforts lead to a harmonious coexistence between human populations and their surroundings. The proposed solutions aim to inspire a paradigm shift towards sustainable practices, ensuring a healthier and resilient global community.
Global nutrition challenges: A public health review of dietary risks and interventions
Authors: Muridzo Muonde  , Tolulope O Olorunsogo  , Jane Osareme Ogugua  , Chinedu Paschal Maduka  , Olufunke Omotayo
Published: January 2024

This public health review addresses the intricate challenges posed by global nutrition and examines the impact of dietary risks on the well-being of populations worldwide. In an era marked by diverse dietary patterns, the prevalence of both undernutrition and overnutrition presents a complex public health landscape. This paper encapsulates the key aspects explored in the comprehensive analysis, emphasizing the urgent need for targeted interventions. The review delves into the multifaceted nature of global nutrition challenges, considering factors such as food insecurity, inadequate dietary diversity, and the rising prevalence of diet-related non-communicable diseases. Highlighting the interconnectedness of nutrition and public health, the document scrutinizes the disparities in nutritional outcomes across different regions, socioeconomic groups, and age categories. Moreover, the paper outlines evidence-based interventions aimed at addressing these challenges. These interventions encompass policy initiatives, community-based programs, and educational campaigns designed to promote healthier dietary choices. Special emphasis is placed on the role of stakeholders, including governments, non-governmental organizations, and the food industry, in fostering a supportive environment for improved nutrition. The paper concludes by emphasizing the urgency of a concerted global effort to tackle nutrition challenges comprehensively. It underscores the significance of adopting a multifaceted approach that integrates preventive measures, policy changes, and community engagement to foster a sustainable and equitable impact on global nutrition. The insights presented in this review serve as a call to action for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and public health advocates to collaborate in mitigating the adverse effects of dietary risks and building a healthier, more resilient global population.
Epidemiological statistical methods: A comparative review of their implementation in public health studies in the USA and Africa
Authors: Tolulope O Olorunsogo  , Jane Osareme Ogugua  , Muridzo Muonde  , Chinedu Paschal Maduka  , Olufunke Omotayo
Published: January 2024

This scholarly exploration delves into the realm of epidemiological statistical methods, juxtaposing their application within the distinct public health landscapes of the United States and Africa. The study's core objective was to dissect and compare the evolution, effectiveness, and adaptability of these methods across these diverse regions, thereby enriching the understanding of global health dynamics. Embracing a qualitative methodology, the study employed advanced analytical tools and AI technologies, ensuring a thorough examination of data, and facilitating a nuanced comparative analysis. The findings reveal a marked evolution in the United States, characterized by a shift from traditional epidemiological approaches to more sophisticated, data-driven techniques. In contrast, African epidemiological practices emphasized community engagement and education in disease prevention, gradually pivoting towards non-communicable diseases and mental health. The study also illuminated the critical role of technology in modern epidemiological research, enhancing efficiency and broadening the scope of investigations. Furthermore, it highlighted the significant impact of international policies on epidemiological methods and underscored the dynamic interplay between technology and policy in shaping public health strategies. Conclusively, this study not only achieved its objectives but also offered a comprehensive view of the current state and potential future directions of epidemiological research. Recommendations emphasize the need for continued innovation in methodologies, adoption of inclusive approaches considering socioeconomic contexts, and alignment of technological advancements with policy decisions. As epidemiology continues to evolve, this study serves as a guiding light, steering future research and interventions towards more effective and equitable public health outcomes.
Uncertainties in prostate localization: A study in a laboratory setting.
Authors: Aime M Gloi
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The main goal of this study is to minimize systematic errors by utilizing linear regression to determine the position of gold seed markers that were implanted in a wax phantom, using EPID images in a controlled laboratory setting. Materials and Methods: Pairs of orthogonal portal images were generated and carefully examined, while the phantom was subjected to a known displacement in either the lateral or superior-inferior direction. The measured seed displacement was then compared with the average seed displacement determined from the orthogonal EPID images. The accuracy of the inferred seed positions from the portal images was evaluated using linear regression, concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and Bland-Altman plots. Results: The average displacement errors were found to be 3.2 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.4 mm, and 6.7 mm in the lateral left, lateral right, cranio-caudal (inward), and cranio-caudal (outward) directions, respectively. Conclusion: The results suggest that utilizing linear regression can significantly reduce the systematic errors described in this study and are consistent with previously published findings on setup errors.
Quantum-safe: Cybersecurity in the age of Quantum-Powered AI
Authors: Bibhu Dash  , Sameeh Ullah
Published: January 2024

There is a lot of talk about how the cyber world will change and perceive itself as quantum computing takes center stage in the computing industry in a decade. While some are enthusiastic about the advancement of quantum technology, others remain skeptical about its application in cyberspace. But there is no doubt the interaction of artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum computing offers cybersecurity both tremendous benefits and difficulties as we navigate the digital terrain. This article explores the complex interrelationship between these two state-of-the-art technologies and how it affects information system security. In this article, we look at the possible risks that the fusion of AI and quantum computing could bring, as well as the creative ways that experts are attempting to strengthen our cyber protections, current research and future directions.
Penggunaan Aplikasi NVIVO dalam Menganalisis Kesalahan Siswa Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Materi Pecahan
Authors: M. Salajang Santje , U.L. Mangobi James , Beslar Janet Friska
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis apakah terdapat kesalahan baru yang muncul dengan menggunakan aplikasi Nvivo. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 6 orang siswa dari kelas VII-A SMP Garuda Manado yang dipilih berdasarkan hasil tes tertulis dengan materi pecahan. Dari hasil tes tersebut maka di pilih 6 subjek dengan penglasifikasian berdasarkan tingkat nilai siswa yaitu nilai tertinggi, nilai sedang, dan nilai terendah. Setelah itu dilakukan wawancara kepada ke 6 siswa ini dan hasil dari wawancara tersebut akan dimasukan pada aplikasi Nvivo untuk dianalisis. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kegunaan aplikasi nvivo yang sangat membantu dalam menganalisis kesalahan siswa meskipun kesalahan siswa yang terjadi dalam penelitian ini sama dengan jenis kesalahan siswa menurut Newman.
Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning pada Pembelajaran Materi Pola Bilangan di Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 6 Tondano
Authors: Mangobi James U.L. , Kumesan Selfie L. , Pilendatu Citra
Published: January 2024

Abstrak

Pelitian ini bertujuan untuk megetahui apakah rata-rata hasil belajar Pola Bilangan siswa SMP Negeri 6 Tondano yang diajar dengan menggunakan model PBL lebih dari siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model DI. Jenis penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksperimen semu (quasi experiment). Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Posttest Only Control Group Design. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 6 Tondano pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Subjek penelitian ini ialah seluruh siswa SMP Negeri 6 Tondano pada dua kelas, yang mana kelas A menjadi kelas eksperimen dan kelas B menjadi kelas kontrol. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah tes tertulis berbentuk essay (uraian) setelah pembelajaran berakhir (post-test). Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji perbedaan rata-rata dua kelompok yang tidak berpasangan. Berdasarkan data hasil belajar peserta didik di kelas eksperimen dan di kelas kontrol, terlihat bahwa perolehan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa di kelas eksperimen pada materi Pola Bilangan sebesar 83,15 lebih dari perolehan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa di kelas kontrol yang sebesar 77,05. dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar Pola Bilangan siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model Problem Based Learning lebih dari siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model Direct Instruction.
Hubungan Antara Kemahiran Menggunakan Kalkulator dan Minat Belajar terhadap Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Statistika Dasar
Authors: Marfu'ah Iim , Heriyati
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kemahiran menggunakan kalkulator terhadap hasil belajar statistika dasar, mengetahui hubungan minat belajar mahasiswa terhadap hasil belajar statistika dasar dan untuk mengetahui hubungan kemahiran menggunakan kalkulator dan minat belajar mahasiswa secara bersama sama terhadap hasil belajar statistika dasar. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan Teknik korelasional dengan jumalah 107  mahasiswa. Hasil Penelitian   yaitu: Ada pengaruh signifikan antara kemahiran menggunakan kalkulator terhadap  hasil belajar statistika dasar dengan nilai sig 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05. Ada pengaruh yang signifikan minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar statistika dasar, dengan nilai t hitung 0,000 yang lebih kecil dari 0,05. Ada pengaruh signifikan kemahiran menggunakan kalkulator dan minat belajar secara bersama sama terhadap variabel hasil belajar statistika dasar sebesar 25,5%, serta persamaan regresi yang diperoleh adalah  Y = 4,912 +  0,341 X1 + 0,337 X2 + e.
The Effect of Learning Strategies According to O’Malley and Chamot On The Learning Outcomes of Arabic Students
Authors: Fitriah Feni , Zunairoh Yuyun , Khamidah Nur
Published: January 2024

Arabic is often considered difficult by most students therefore an appropiate strategy is needed so that students do not find it difficult. In this case, the student learning strategy is one of components that must be considered carrefully by the teacher in improving student’s Arabic learning outcomes. Student learning strategies according to O’Malley and Chamot are divided in to 3 categories, namely metacognitive, cognitive, and affective social. The purpose of this research is to find out what strategies are used by student in learning, and the influence the student learning strategies on student learning outcomes of MAN 5 Kediri. This study used a quantitative method with an ex-post facto design. The population of this study was 230 students. While the number of samples is this  study were 58 students. Sampling was determined by means of Random Sampling. The results of this study reveated that the learning strategies that were mostly used by students were cognitive strategies with an average score of 57,28. While student learning outcomes belong to the medium category. The effect of metacognitive learning strategies on learning outcomes was 4,8%, the effect of cognitive learning strategies on learning outcomes was 8,3%, and the effect of affective social learning strategies on learning outcomes was 7.1%.
Pembelajaran Nahwu Dengan Menggunakan Kitab Al- Fushul Al- Fikriyah Karya Syeikh Abdullah Basya Fikri
Authors: Ni’am Mohammad Shulkhi , Rifa’I Ahmad , Humaidi Anis
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine a series of processes and results in implementing nahwu learning in class 4 Ibtida' Al-Amien Islamic Boarding School, Kediri City using the book al-fushul al-fikriyah. The approach used in this study is a qualitative descriptive research type, and the data analysis used in this study is the Miles and Huberman version of the analytical model. In collecting data, researchers used observation, interviews, and documentation related to learning the book al-fusul al-fikriyah at the cottage. The results of the research show that the learning begins with a lesson plan that is prepared and prepared by the ustadz and the students so that learning runs more effectively. Furthermore, the implementation of learning through the deductive method is accompanied by several supporting activities such as reasoning, deliberation, rote deposition, practice reading and analyzing pronunciation in books. Evaluation of learning consists of oral tests, written tests and assignments. The learning outcomes can be said to be effective and optimal. This is evidenced by the acquisition of students' scores that reach even more than the average value that has been determined, and an increase in students' understanding and mastery of nahwu science after studying the book.
Penerapan Metode Imla’ Mandzur Pada Pembelajaran Maharah Kitabah
Authors: ‘Ula Elok Milhana Rohmatul , Faruq Umar , Sholihuddin Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Factors related to writing skills to improve students' abilities include the methods used by teachers. And one of the learning methods related to writing skills is the imla' mandzur method. This method can train students in measuring memory and writing Arabic.This research is a type of qualitative descriptive research and the method used in this research is a qualitative method, with the Miles and Huberman approach. Data collection methods are interviews, observation and documentation, or what is usually called the triangulation method. The formulation of the problem in this research is how to apply the imla' mandzur method and what problems are faced. The aim of the research is to find out how to apply the imla' mandzur method, what are the problems in applying the imla' mandzur method. The results of this research show that the application of the imla' mandzur method in class VIII MTs Nurul Islam can improve students' writing skills. the process of implementing the imla' mandzur method includes giving mufrodat before learning, students are asked to observe the reading text, once it is sufficient then the teacher asks students to close the reading text, the teacher dictates the text and students are asked to write what the teacher dictates on the worksheet without looking at the reading text . Sometimes the teacher also writes a reading text on the blackboard, asks the students to observe the writing, the teacher erases the writing and dictates it. The problem faced is that students do not master Arabic vocabulary, making it difficult for them to follow writing skills using the imla' mandzur method.
Kesalahan Bahasa pada Buku Ajar Bahasa Arab Kelas IX MTs Semester Genap yang Disusun Oleh MGMP Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Afandi Moh. Yusuf , Sa’idah Ratna
Published: January 2024

In the world of education, there is a textbook, which is a book that is used to clarify and simplify the presentation of material so that students are more active in learning and independent towards the expected knowledge or skills. Textbooks must have good quality so that learning objectives can be achieved properly. In the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 2016 Article 3 Paragraph 5 states that the contents of a textbook in a textbook must fulfill several aspects, namely material aspects, linguistic aspects, presentation aspects, and graphical aspects. The focus of this research lies in the linguistic aspect. In reality, there are still textbooks that do not meet the aspects of using language that is good and right, especially in learning Arabic. This study aims to find out the language errors contained in arabic textbooks class IX Islamic Junior High School even semester compiled by Deliberations of Subject Teachers in Kediri district, and correction of the language errors. This study used the library method using content analysis techniques, in which researchers analyzed textbooks and studied various reference books to obtain a theoretical basis for the problem under study. The results of the research show that there are several language errors in the arabic textbooks. These errors are reviewed from three sides, namely from the side of syntax, morphology, and writing. Syntactic errors consist of eight forms of errors. As for morphological errors, there are six forms of errors. Then for writing errors there are four forms of errors.
E-LEARNING BASED IN ARABIC LANGUAGE COURSE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: POLICY AND IMPLEMENTATION STUDIES
Authors: Nasution Sahkholid , Darussalam Muhammad , Asari Hasan , Al-Rasyid Harun
Published: January 2024

Regulatively, Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara Medan already has a number of policies related to the use of E-Learning in this university. However, the number of E-Learning classes on the E-Learning page of Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara Medan is not directly proportional to the number of lecturers and courses, including Arabic language courses in the Arabic Language Education study programme at the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Keguruan Sciences. The purpose of this study is to describe the policy of using E-Learning and its implementation in learning Arabic sciences in the Arabic Language Education study programme at the State Islamic University of North Sumatra Medan. The research approach used is qualitative with descriptive method. Data was collected using literature study, documentation, and observation. The research data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely: Data Reduction, Data Presentation, and Conclusion Drawing. Data reduction is selecting e-learning policy documents and course classes available at UIN SU Medan e-learning based on Arabic language sciences courses, so that very important, less important, and unimportant data are clustered. The data is presented in the findings and discussion related to the e-learning policy and its implementation on the UIN SU Medan e-learning page. Conclusions are drawn inductively related to the completeness of e-learning policy documents and the availability of e-learning classes in Arabic language sciences courses on the UIN SU Medan e-learning page. The results of the study show that: (1). There is a policy on the use of E-Learning at the State Islamic University of North Sumatra Medan, in the form of Rector's Decree, Rector's Circular Letter and Guidebook (2). The policy has been implemented by a number of lecturers of Arabic Language Education Study Programme, it is proven that there are a number of E-Learning classes in Arabic language courses on the UIN SU Medan E-Learning page, although the quantity is still very low, only reaching 40%. Research findings show that the use of E-Learning at UIN SU Medan is not intended to replace face-to-face lectures in the learning process, but as an additional medium to realise effective and efficient learning.