bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poetry/Moments of Educational Justice and Research: Pedagogical Encounters and the Production of New Worldly Collectivities
Authors: Reinertsen Anne B.
Published: November 2018

This articlepoem is about educational justice and research in a new material and posthumanist perspective: embodied contextual monstrous diffractive pedagogies in the service of the—quality as in qualia—moment. It is about writing as slow walking and seeing as spirit through wicked and uncomfortable topics and what they might produce: vulnerable knowing, storied matter and subjective professionalisms of polyvocality, heterogeneity, and even heterodoxy. Naked realisms . . . I discuss a/un/grammaticality, corpovirtualities, and futuring and/as innovation. Through animating what I call Pikettydata on inequality ultimately inequity. My aim is to expand on notions of the learning self and expanded social contracts. Unleashing “mad” elements in language through poeticalization is seen as both a political and ethical imperative and method activating differences building in perhapses and never “is-ness” constantly possibilizing becoming and/as learning and justice. Learning aporetically and affectively conceptualized as working memory with/in floating representation. It is a move from hermeneutic to immanent and affirmative theories of assessment and/as learning. Furthermore, it is a move from normative to stretched and complex scientific analysis in both education and research: natural, human, and social sciences and research are process-ontologically written together. It is a move away from preoccupation with concepts of identity and culture toward particularity and commonality as in a walking withness for both teaching and learning . . . research. The inner logic of this text is to avoid closure. That is my social contract with you as reader.
Daratumumab, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone as a bridging therapy to autologous stem cell transplantation in a case of systemic light-chain amyloidosis with advanced cardiac involvement
Authors: Arnall Justin R , Usmani Saad Z , Adamu Hawawu , Mishkin Joseph , Bhutani Manisha
Published: November 2018

Systemic light-chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare hematologic disorder where proteins infiltrate tissues leading to organ failure and death. Cardiac involvement, present in ∼70% of patients, determines stage and prognosis of the disease, with advanced involvement having a median survival of six months. The treatment of light-chain amyloidosis is directed at recovering organ function with therapeutic strategies following those of multiple myeloma with plasma cell-directed therapies. The use of single agent daratumumab has been reported in light-chain amyloidosis achieving rapid and deep responses. The combination of daratumumab, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone (DaraPomD) is particularly interesting for severe AL based on success in multiple myeloma. A 43-year-old female with light-chain amyloidosis and concomitant multiple myeloma presented with severe bowel dysmotility causing abdominal pain, anemia, and a 100-pound unintentional weight loss. A combination of cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone was initiated but after five cycles her symptoms were progressing and therapy was switched to DaraPomD to optimize response. At the conclusion of two cycles she had achieved an amyloid complete-hematologic response, with her recurring ileus and abdominal pain significantly improved. Additionally, cardiac markers also suggested a rapid response without a common paradoxical worsening of congestive heart failure, and was overall well tolerated. Given the severe symptoms and refractory nature of our patient's disease DaraPomD was reasonable. With the tolerability and response seen, this patient experience supports a formal clinical trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of DaraPomD in light-chain amyloidosis.
Predictors of Sexual Aggression Perpetration Among Male and Female College Students: Cross-Cultural Evidence From Chile and Turkey
Authors: Schuster Isabell , Krahé Barbara
Published: November 2018

This two-wave longitudinal study examined risky sexual scripts and sexual behavior regarding consensual sexual interactions, sexual self-esteem, initiation assertiveness, and religiosity as predictors of sexual aggression perpetration in a cross-cultural comparison of college students in Chile and Turkey. As predicted, risky sexual scripts were linked to higher odds of perpetration through more risky sexual behavior cross-sectionally in both the Chilean and the Turkish sample and indirectly predicted perpetration 12 months later. High sexual self-esteem increased the likelihood of perpetration via higher initiation assertiveness in the Turkish sample only. High religiosity reduced the odds of perpetration through less risky sexual scripts and less risky sexual behavior in both samples. In addition, high religiosity increased the probability of perpetration through lower sexual self-esteem in the Turkish sample. Implications of these findings and the role of cultural factors contributing to the differential functioning of religiosity and sexual self-esteem are discussed.
Veterans in Prison for Sexual Offenses: Characteristics and Reentry Service Needs
Authors: Finlay Andrea K. , McGuire Jim , Bronson Jennifer , Sreenivasan Shoba
Published: November 2018

Among prison-incarcerated men in the United States, more veterans (35%) have a sexual offense conviction than nonveterans (23%). Limited research has investigated factors explaining the link between military service and sexual offending. Nationally representative data from prison-incarcerated men ( n = 14,080) were used to examine the association between veteran status and sexual offenses, adjusting for demographic, childhood, and clinical characteristics. Veterans had 1.35 higher odds (95% confidence interval = [1.12, 1.62], p < .01) of a sexual offense than nonveterans. Among veterans, those who were homeless or taking mental health medications at arrest had lower odds and veterans with a sexual trauma history had higher odds of a sexual offense compared with other offense types. Offering mental health services in correctional and health care settings to address trauma experiences and providing long-term housing options can help veterans with sexual offenses as they transition from prison to their communities.
The economy of attention
Authors: Franck Georg
Published: November 2018

This article outlines a theory of the economy of attention constituting the logic of the mass media in contemporary social life, focusing on celebrity as the key manifestation of the accumulation of attention capital. I explain how the mass media exchange information and entertainment for attention, which is in turn monetised via advertising. The field of celebrity is a ‘vanity fair’ functioning as a stock exchange of attention capital – measured in circulation and viewing figures, ratings, likes, visits and so on – a form of capital that earns interest and generates additional income for those in its proximity. Overall, I argue that we are living in an era of ‘mental capitalism’ in which the relations of production themselves have inverted the relationship between the material and mental worlds, so that the realm of ideas is now the driving economic force. The article concludes by outlining the shape of a new, quaternary sector of the economy, characterised by de-materialisation and virtualisation, and raise the question of whether a focus on new forms of virtual and ideational value might possibly improve the sustainability of the world we live in, if the struggle for attention replaces the struggle for material goods.
Reviving consumer-alienation in the discourse of consumers’ negativity
Authors: Junaid Muhammad , Hou Fujun , Hussain Khalid
Published: November 2018

Consumer-alienation is a philosophically competent and efficacious concept capable of unfolding the domains of phenomena that can be disregarded simply at the cost of impoverishing the potentials of theoretical manifestation and explanation. Consumer-alienation is an impeded appropriation of consumer and brand; as a foundational concept, it serves not only as an analytic but as a descriptive and explanatory phenomenon, the key to understand rising consumer angst toward brand.
Event-Related Potentials Are Associated With Unexpected Gain and Loss: Using a Gambling Paradigm
Authors: Krause Daniela , Jobst Andrea , Langemak Shari Marie , Keeser Daniel , Chrobok Agnieszka I. , Langgartner Simon , Adorjan Kristina , Gertzen Markus , Pogarell Oliver , Karch Susanne
Published: November 2018

Objective. Previous neuroimaging studies have described altered activity in brain areas associated with reward processing following reward or punishment. This study examines the extent to which feedback-based experience of gain and loss is associated with electrophysiological correlates. Methods. Twenty-nine healthy participants used a gambling task that focused on actual nonpredictable gains and losses. During the task, an electroencephalography recording was performed in order to assess reward processing. Event-related potentials were analyzed when participants were receiving gain/loss feedback. Results. Event-related potentials revealed higher feedback-related negativity for both overall gain and loss compared with a neutral condition in fronto-centro-parietal electrodes. P3 potentials were significantly increased for high gains/losses compared to neutral and small gains/losses. Conclusion. These results indicate that the paradigm is suitable to evoke specific patterns of reward-related electrophysiological responses. The wavelet analysis showed that electroencephalography frequency variations depended on the amount of gains/losses. Significance. This gambling paradigm is appropriate to measure aspects of feedback processing and could help analyze disease-specific alterations of the reward system in patients.
Concluding Commentary: Schadenfreude, Gluckschmerz, Jealousy, and Hate—What (and When, and Why) Are the Emotions?
Authors: Roseman Ira J. , Steele Amanda K.
Published: November 2018

Schadenfreude, gluckschmerz, jealousy, and hate are distinctive emotional phenomena, understudied and deserving of increased attention. The authors of this special section have admirably synthesized large literatures, describing major characteristics, eliciting conditions, and functions (Chung & Harris, 2018; Fischer, Halperin, Canetti, & Jasini, 2018; R. H. Smith & van Dijk, 2018). We discuss the contributions of each article as well as the issues they raise for theories of emotions and some remaining questions, and suggest ways in which these might be profitably addressed.
Examining the Roles of Political Social Network and Internal Efficacy on Social Media News Engagement: A Comparative Study of Six Asian Countries
Authors: Chan Michael , Chen Hsuan-Ting , Lee Francis L. F.
Published: November 2018

The use of social media has risen exponentially in Asia in the past decade, but there have been few comparative studies examining social media news engagement in the region. We use online survey data to examine the relationships among political social networks, internal political efficacy, and social media news engagement in six countries (Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Hong Kong, Malaysia, and Singapore). Findings across the samples showed that individuals in political social networks comprising cross-cutting and like-minded political views engage in social media news more, and internal political efficacy accentuated the relationships between cross-cutting/like-minded political social networks and engagement. Implications for the findings are discussed in relation to current debates on the potential for social media news engagement to engender a more deliberative democracy; or lead to greater ideological segregation and echo chambers in social media spaces.
Pulmonary Function Testing in Elderly Patients Treated for a Myasthenia Gravis Exacerbation
Authors: van Gaal Stephen C. , English Shane W. , Bourque Pierre R. J. , Zwicker Jocelyn C.
Published: November 2018

Background and Purpose:

Pulmonary function testing is a standard part of care for patients admitted to hospital with a myasthenia gravis exacerbation. It may inform clinicians’ decisions to intubate patients. It is known that pulmonary function declines with age in healthy adults. We studied the effect of age on pulmonary function and serious respiratory events, including intubation, in patients admitted to hospital for a myasthenia gravis exacerbation.

Methods:

Single center, retrospective cohort of consecutive patients treated for a myasthenia gravis exacerbation. Demographics, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and respiratory events requiring intubation or emergency respiratory therapy were recorded for each encounter. Relationship of PFTs to age was analyzed using age as a continuous and as a dichotomous (cut-value 70 years) variable.

Results:

Forty-nine encounters from 39 patients were included. Slow vital capacity (SVC) was negatively correlated with age ( R 0.46, P value .002). Maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and SVC were significantly reduced in elderly versus nonelderly patients (MIP-20.0 vs −30.0 cm H2O, P value .004; SVC 16.5 vs 23.4 mL/kg, P value .013). The incidence of respiratory events did not significantly differ between elderly and nonelderly patients (χ2 P value .08).

Conclusions:

In patients treated for a myasthenia gravis exacerbation, pulmonary function values are significantly reduced in elderly patients compared to nonelderly patients. Despite very low SVC and MIP values most elderly patients do not require intubation however they do require intensive monitoring for serious respiratory complications.
Distal Biceps Repair With Flexible Instrumentation and Risk of Posterior Interosseous Nerve Injury: A Cadaveric Analysis
Authors: Tat Jimmy , Hart Adam , Cota Adam , Alsheikh Khalid , Behrends Dominique , Martineau Paul A.
Published: November 2018

Background:

Current repair techniques using cortical button fixation cannot achieve anatomic reconstruction of the distal biceps when performed through a single-incision anterior approach. We recently introduced a single-incision technique that uses flexible guide pins and flexible reamers to allow for an insertion point on the tuberosity that more closely approximates the anatomic footprint of the distal biceps.

Purpose:

To investigate the safety of this technique with regard to nerve injury by comparing the guide pin position relative to the posterior interosseous nerve in 16 cadaveric elbows through use of a flexible versus rigid reamer.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

A standard single-incision anterior approach was performed in all cadaveric specimens, and the biceps tendon was dissected off the tuberosity. In 8 specimens, a traditional straight guide pin was used with a cortical button repair inserted through the bicipital tuberosity as close to the anatomic tendon footprint as possible. In the remaining 8 specimens, a curved guide was used to insert a flexible guide wire through the tuberosity within the native footprint. Dissection was carried out to measure the distance from the exit point of the guide pin to the posterior interosseous nerve. The 2 groups were compared by use of nonparametric Wilcoxon rank-sum test (significance threshold, P < .05).

Results:

The mean distance of the guide wire to the posterior interosseous nerve was 11.6 mm (SD, 3.4 mm; range, 6.5-16.9 mm) in the standard rigid instrument group compared with 8.6 mm (SD, 4.2 mm; range, 1.0-13.9 mm) in the flexible instrumentation group; the difference between groups was not statistically different ( P = .19; 95% CI, –1.1 to 7.1).

Conclusion:

Based on our cadaveric testing, the use of flexible instrumentation in a single-incision repair of the distal biceps presents with no significant difference in risk of damage to the posterior interosseous nerve compared with standard rigid instruments. In view of the relatively small number of specimens, however, some caution should be observed when applying these results clinically.

Clinical Relevance:

As contemporary techniques in sports medicine strive to re-create each patient’s native anatomic characteristics, the use of flexible instruments allows for a more anatomic repair of the distal biceps, and our study demonstrates that it is a safe option. The next step is to evaluate its safety in vivo.
Neurological Underpinnings to Understanding and Dealing with Stress at Work
Authors: Padhi Mousumi , Sahoo Kalpana
Published: November 2018

In 1992, a United Nations report had called work stress as ‘The 20th Century Disease’. The ‘always on’ economy of the 21st century has ensured that the prevalence of work-related stress is omnipresent even now like the mobile phones that perpetrate it. As stressors in the environment are continually present, what appears to be an antidote, is to change the response and have a more resilient response. In discussing resilient response, the article more specifically focuses on neuroplasticity. Neuroplasticity or ‘brain plasticity’ refers to the brain’s ability to change or adapt both physically and functionally throughout life by stimulation from one’s environment, behaviour, thinking, emotions, etc. The article is based on this plasticity and the contention that brain can be structurally altered through the practice of mindfulness and meditation to develop resilience to stress, and respond better to stress. The article draws from the recent findings in neuroscience to strengthen this argument.
Grow, Perform and Change Using Neuroscience
Authors: Anand R.
Published: November 2018

We can recruit neuroscience to improve our performance, accelerate our growth as well as lead change. Research in pscyhology, behavioural economics and now neuroscience provide the routemap to such a future. The article explores how and on what basis such a routemap could be drawn.
Happy Hormones at Work: Applying the Learnings from Neuroscience to Improve and Sustain Workplace Happiness
Authors: Ghosh Sambit Kumar
Published: November 2018

Workplace happiness is one of the most valued and pursued goals of an organisation. Researchers, scholars and practitioners have acknowledged the benefits that a happy workforce brings to the table and its enormous contributions to business outcomes. Researches in neuroscience help us in gaining more knowledge about the molecular structures of the brain, nervous system and the resultant behaviours. Learning from neuroscience teaches us that happiness is a state of mind and is a result of the complex interplay of hormones and neurotransmitters, and that the release of neurochemicals and neurotransmitters has a role to play in making us happy. There are ways and strategies to trigger these neurotransmitters and boost their levels of secretion, thereby intentionally and naturally causing them to flow and maximise happiness. This article attempts to list various activities and programmes that can be practised at the worksites to achieve, sustain and maximise happiness at the workplace.
Organizational Justice, Project Performance, and the Mediating Effects of Key Success Factors
Authors: Unterhitzenberger Christine , Bryde David James
Published: November 2018

Projects are under constant pressure to improve performance, and research is needed to understand the characteristics of high-performing projects. Using the concept of organizational justice as a characteristic, we propose that the performance of projects in meeting success criteria is enhanced when there are procedures in place for the fair treatment of project team members; when resources are allocated fairly; and when the individuals interact in a way that is characterized by respect, propriety, and dignity. Structural equation analysis supports our proposition that the presence of organizational justice enhances project performance and valuable nuances in these relationships are discovered.
Low-grade evolution of clay minerals and organic matter in fault zones of the Hikurangi prism (New Zealand)
Authors: Maison Tatiana , Potel Sébastien , Malié Pierre , Ferreiro Mählmann Rafael , Chanier Frank , Mahieux Geoffroy , Bailleul Julien
Published: November 2018

Clay minerals and organic matter occur frequently in fault zones. Their structural characteristics and their textural evolution are driven by several formation processes: (1) reaction by metasomatism from circulating fluids; (2)in situevolution by diagenesis; and (3) neoformation due to deformation catalysis. Clay-mineral chemistry and precipitated solid organic matter may be used as indicators of fluid circulation in fault zones and to determine the maximum temperatures in these zones. In the present study, clay-mineral and organic-matter analyses of two major fault zones – the Adams-Tinui and Whakataki faults, Wairarapa, North Island, New Zealand – were investigated. The two faults analysed correspond to the soles of large imbricated thrust sheets formed during the onset of subduction beneath the North Island of New Zealand. The mineralogy of both fault zones is composed mainly of quartz, feldspars, calcite, chabazite and clay minerals such as illite-muscovite, kaolinite, chlorite and mixed-layer minerals such as chlorite-smectite and illite-smectite. The diagenesis and very-low-grade metamorphism of the sedimentary rock is determined by gradual changes of clay mineral ‘crystallinity’ (illite, chlorite, kaolinite), the use of a chlorite geothermometer and the reflectance of organic matter. It is concluded here that: (1) the established thermal grade is diagenesis; (2) tectonic strains affect the clay mineral ‘crystallinity’ in the fault zone; (3) there is a strong correlation between temperature determined by chlorite geothermometry and organic-matter reflectance; and (4) the duration and depth of burial as well as the pore-fluid chemistry are important factors affecting clay-mineral formation.
American Society of Hematology 2018 Guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: treatment of pediatric venous thromboembolism
Authors: Monagle Paul , Cuello Carlos A. , Augustine Caitlin , Bonduel Mariana , Brandão Leonardo R. , Capman Tammy , Chan Anthony K. C. , Hanson Sheila , Male Christoph , Meerpohl Joerg , Newall Fiona , O’Brien Sarah H. , Raffini Leslie , van Ommen Heleen , Wiernikowski John , Williams Suzan , Bhatt Meha , Riva John J. , Roldan Yetiani , Schwab Nicole , Mustafa Reem A. , Vesely Sara K.
Published: November 2018

Background:

Despite an increasing incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pediatric patients in tertiary care settings, relatively few pediatric physicians have experience with antithrombotic interventions.

Objective:

These guidelines of the American Society of Hematology (ASH), based on the best available evidence, are intended to support patients, clinicians, and other health care professionals in their decisions about management of pediatric VTE.

Methods:

ASH formed a multidisciplinary guideline panel that included 2 patient representatives and was balanced to minimize potential bias from conflicts of interest. The McMaster University GRADE Centre supported the guideline-development process, including updating or performing systematic evidence reviews (up to April of 2017). The panel prioritized clinical questions and outcomes according to their importance for clinicians and patients. The panel used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, including GRADE Evidence-to-Decision frameworks, to assess evidence and make recommendations, which were subject to public comment.

Results:

The panel agreed on 30 recommendations, covering symptomatic and asymptomatic deep vein thrombosis, with specific focus on management of central venous access device–associated VTE. The panel also addressed renal and portal vein thrombosis, cerebral sino venous thrombosis, and homozygous protein C deficiency.

Conclusions:

Although the panel offered many recommendations, additional research is required. Priorities include understanding the natural history of asymptomatic thrombosis, determining subgroup boundaries that enable risk stratification of children for escalation of treatment, and appropriate study of newer anticoagulant agents in children.
American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: venous thromboembolism in the context of pregnancy
Authors: Bates Shannon M. , Rajasekhar Anita , Middeldorp Saskia , McLintock Claire , Rodger Marc A. , James Andra H. , Vazquez Sara R. , Greer Ian A. , Riva John J. , Bhatt Meha , Schwab Nicole , Barrett Danielle , LaHaye Andrea , Rochwerg Bram
Published: November 2018

Background:

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) complicates ∼1.2 of every 1000 deliveries. Despite these low absolute risks, pregnancy-associated VTE is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality.

Objective:

These evidence-based guidelines of the American Society of Hematology (ASH) are intended to support patients, clinicians and others in decisions about the prevention and management of pregnancy-associated VTE.

Methods:

ASH formed a multidisciplinary guideline panel balanced to minimize potential bias from conflicts of interest. The McMaster University GRADE Centre supported the guideline development process, including updating or performing systematic evidence reviews. The panel prioritized clinical questions and outcomes according to their importance for clinicians and patients. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess evidence and make recommendations.

Results:

The panel agreed on 31 recommendations related to the treatment of VTE and superficial vein thrombosis, diagnosis of VTE, and thrombosis prophylaxis.

Conclusions:

There was a strong recommendation for low-molecular-weight heparin (LWMH) over unfractionated heparin for acute VTE. Most recommendations were conditional, including those for either twice-per-day or once-per-day LMWH dosing for the treatment of acute VTE and initial outpatient therapy over hospital admission with low-risk acute VTE, as well as against routine anti-factor Xa (FXa) monitoring to guide dosing with LMWH for VTE treatment. There was a strong recommendation (low certainty in evidence) for antepartum anticoagulant prophylaxis with a history of unprovoked or hormonally associated VTE and a conditional recommendation against antepartum anticoagulant prophylaxis with prior VTE associated with a resolved nonhormonal provoking risk factor.
American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: optimal management of anticoagulation therapy
Authors: Witt Daniel M. , Nieuwlaat Robby , Clark Nathan P. , Ansell Jack , Holbrook Anne , Skov Jane , Shehab Nadine , Mock Juliet , Myers Tarra , Dentali Francesco , Crowther Mark A. , Agarwal Arnav , Bhatt Meha , Khatib Rasha , Riva John J. , Zhang Yuan , Guyatt Gordon
Published: November 2018

In July 2022, these guidelines were reviewed by an expert work group convened by ASH. Review included limited searches for new evidence and discussion of the search results. Following this review, the ASH Committee on Quality agreed to continue monitoring the supporting evidence rather than revise or retire these guidelines at this time. Limited searches and expert review will be repeated annually going forward until these guidelines are revised or retired.

Background: Clinicians confront numerous practical issues in optimizing the use of anticoagulants to treat venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Objective: These evidence-based guidelines of the American Society of Hematology (ASH) are intended to support patients, clinicians and other health care professionals in their decisions about the use of anticoagulants in the management of VTE. These guidelines assume the choice of anticoagulant has already been made.

Methods: ASH formed a multidisciplinary guideline panel balanced to minimize potential bias from conflicts of interest. The McMaster University GRADE Centre supported the guideline development process, including updating or performing systematic evidence reviews. The panel prioritized clinical questions and outcomes according to their importance for clinicians and patients. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess evidence and make recommendations, which were subject to public comment.

Results: The panel agreed on 25 recommendations and 2 good practice statements to optimize management of patients receiving anticoagulants.

Conclusions: Strong recommendations included using patient self-management of international normalized ratio (INR) with home point-of-care INR monitoring for vitamin K antagonist therapy and against using periprocedural low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) bridging therapy. Conditional recommendations included basing treatment dosing of LMWH on actual body weight, not using anti–factor Xa monitoring to guide LMWH dosing, using specialized anticoagulation management services, and resuming anticoagulation after episodes of life-threatening bleeding.
Childhood abuse and psychotic experiences in adulthood: findings from a 35-year longitudinal study
Authors: Bell Caroline J. , Foulds James A. , Horwood L. John , Mulder Roger T. , Boden Joseph M.
Published: November 2018

Background

The extent to which exposure to childhood sexual and physical abuse increases the risk of psychotic experiences in adulthood is currently unclear.

Aims

To examine the relationship between childhood sexual and physical abuse and psychotic experiences in adulthood taking into account potential confounding and time-dynamic covariate factors.

Method

Data were from a cohort of 1265 participants studied from birth to 35 years. At ages 18 and 21, cohort members were questioned about childhood sexual and physical abuse. At ages 30 and 35, they were questioned about psychotic experiences (symptoms of abnormal thought and perception). Generalised estimating equation models investigated covariation of the association between abuse exposure and psychotic experiences including potential confounding factors in childhood (socioeconomic disadvantage, adverse family functioning) and time-dynamic covariate factors (mental health, substance use and life stress).

Results

Data were available for 962 participants; 6.3% had been exposed to severe sexual abuse and 6.4% to severe physical abuse in childhood. After adjustment for confounding and time-dynamic covariate factors, those exposed to severe sexual abuse had rates of abnormal thought and abnormal perception symptoms that were 2.25 and 4.08 times higher, respectively than the ‘no exposure’ group. There were no significant associations between exposure to severe physical abuse and psychotic experiences.

Conclusions

Findings indicate that exposure to severe childhood sexual (but not physical) abuse is independently associated with an increased risk of psychotic experiences in adulthood (particularly symptoms of abnormal perception) and this association could not be fully accounted for by confounding or time-dynamic covariate factors.

Declaration of interest

None.
Precision Oncology in Solid Tumors: A Longitudinal Tertiary Care Center Experience
Authors: Sadaps Meena , Funchain Pauline , Mahdi Haider , Grivas Petros , Pritchard Amy , Klek Stefan , Estfan Bassam , Abraham Jame , Budd G. Thomas , Stevenson James P. , Pennell Nathan A. , Khorana Alok A. , Bolwell Brian J. , Sohal Davendra P.S.
Published: November 2018

Purpose

Precision oncology is widely discussed, but cohort studies are limited. We previously reported our prospective experience of precision oncology in solid tumors, and here we report our longitudinal experience, focusing on therapeutic impact.

Patients and Methods

We conducted a retrospective review of 600 consecutive patients seen at Cleveland Clinic from 2013 to 2016 for treatment of incurable solid tumor malignancies for whom tumor genomic profiling was ordered using FoundationOne (Cambridge, MA). Results were discussed at our multidisciplinary genomics tumor board. Data analyzed included subsequent therapy and overall survival (OS).

Results

Median age was 59 years (range, 18 to 94 years), 308 (51.3%) were female, and 533 (88.8%) were white. Targeted therapy was recommended in 310 patients (51.7%). After results, 313 patients (52.2%) started any subsequent therapy; of these, 95 (30%; 15.8% overall) received genomics-driven therapy (G), and 218 (70%) received non–genomics-driven treatment (NG). For the G versus NG group, the on-label, off-label, and clinical trial therapy breakdowns were 23% versus 88%, 47% versus 3%, and 30% versus 9%, respectively. Median OS for patients receiving no therapy after tumor genomic profiling was 5.5 months; for the G and NG groups, it was 18 ( P < .001) and 14.4 ( P < .001) months, respectively ( P = NS for G v NG). The use of G increased from 10% in the first 250-patient cohort (reported earlier) to 20% in the subsequent 350-patient cohort.

Conclusion

Tumor genomic profiling influenced treatment in 15.8% of patients. More patients received treatment via clinical trials in the G cohort, and although not statistically significant, there was a trend toward increased OS in the G ( v NG) group. These data can further guide real-world applications of precision oncology.
From bedside to bench and back again: translational studies of mechanical unloading of the left ventricle to promote recovery after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Kapur Navin K. , Annamalai Shiva , Reyelt Lara , Karmiy Samuel J. , Razavi Allen A. , Foroutanjazi Sina , Chennojwala Aditya , Ishikawa Kiyotake
Published: November 2018

Heart failure is a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a primary cause of heart failure due in large part to residual myocardial damage despite timely reperfusion therapy. Since the 1970’s, multiple preclinical laboratories have tested whether reducing myocardial oxygen demand with a mechanical support pump can reduce infarct size in AMI. In the past decade, this hypothesis has been studied using contemporary circulatory support pumps. We will review the most recent series of preclinical studies in the field which led to the recently completed Door to Unload ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (DTU-STEMI) safety and feasibility pilot trial.
Recent advances in understanding the ryanodine receptor calcium release channels and their role in calcium signalling
Authors: Dulhunty Angela F. , Beard Nicole A. , Casarotto Marco G.
Published: November 2018

The ryanodine receptor calcium release channel is central to cytoplasmic Ca2+signalling in skeletal muscle, the heart, and many other tissues, including the central nervous system, lymphocytes, stomach, kidney, adrenal glands, ovaries, testes, thymus, and lungs. The ion channel protein is massive (more than 2.2 MDa) and has a structure that has defied detailed determination until recent developments in cryo-electron microscopy revealed much of its structure at near-atomic resolution. The availability of this high-resolution structure has provided the most significant advances in understanding the function of the ion channel in the past 30 years. We can now visualise the molecular environment of individual amino acid residues that form binding sites for essential modulators of ion channel function and determine its role in Ca2+signalling. Importantly, the structure has revealed the structural environment of the many deletions and point mutations that disrupt Ca2+signalling in skeletal and cardiac myopathies and neuropathies. The implications are of vital importance to our understanding of the molecular basis of the ion channel’s function and for the design of therapies to counteract the effects of ryanodine receptor-associated disorders.
Feasibility of incorporating mindfulness based mental health promotion to the pregnancy care program in Sri Lanka: a pilot study
Authors: Agampodi Thilini , Katumuluwa Subhashini , Pattiyakumbura Thulani , Rankaduwa Nilupulee , Dissanayaka Thushari , Agampodi Suneth
Published: November 2018

Background:Though widely discussed, mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) to improve maternal mental health is limited by lack of studies with system incorporation. We evaluate the feasibility of incorporating a MBI program into routine antenatal care (ANC) in Sri Lanka.

Methods:MBI included learning mindfulness concepts, practicing mindfulness sitting/reclining meditation, performing mindful movements and practicing mindfulness in daily life. Feedback from the participants were obtained through an anonymous, self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire to determine the program’s cultural appropriateness, usefulness, and feasibility.

Results:Participants reported that the training reduced the stress of their daily life, brought a sense of calmness to their mind and body, and improved their anger management. Participants felt strongly that this training would be very useful and a shortened version be included in the national ANC program.

Conclusions:A systematic assessment of impact of MBI is needed with system incorporation of the suggested programme.
The classification of asexual organisms: Old myths, new facts, and a novel pluralistic approach
Authors: Hörandl Elvira
Published: November 2018

Organisms reproducing via asexuality harbor a great diversity of lineages, morphotypes and ecotypes. However, classification of asexual taxa does not fit into contemporary species concepts, and hence the diversity of apomictic plant complexes is not well reflected in taxonomy. Plants reproducing via apomixis (i.e., asexual seed formation = agamospermy) exemplify the theoretical and practical problems of classification. Obligately asexual organisms do not form reproductive communities, but they do constitute ancestor‐descendant lineages. From the conceptual side, evolutionary lineage concepts would fit best for species delimitation. Recent research showed that these lineages are not necessarily threatened by rapid extinction and do have persistence in time and space. Facultative sexuality and low levels of residual recombination counteract the accumulation of deleterious mutations due to the lack of recombination (Muller’s ratchet). Apomictic lineages do have adaptive potential, which is demonstrated by the ability to occupy large distribution areas and to experience ecological niche shifts. The challenge for classification of asexual lineages, however, is to find operational criteria for species delimitation. Current practices of species delimitation can be grouped into four main principles: (1) the sexuals‐first principle means that obligate sexual progenitor species are classified separately from their apomictic derivatives. (2) The all‐in‐one principle merges sexual progenitors and highly facultative apomictic derivatives into one species, whereby the apomicts often represent autopolyploids without differentiated phenotypes. (3) The cluster concept applies to allopolyploid complexes with facultative apomixis and a huge diversity of genotypes and morphotypes; here the main genetic clusters are treated as species. (4) Almost obligate apomictic lineages are being classified as agamospecies. The four principles reflect quite well evolutionary traits and diversity of lineages. Finally, a recommendation for a workflow is given, following this gradient from obligate sexuality to obligate apomixis.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СПОСОБОВ ПРЕОДОЛЕНИЯ ТРУДНОСТЕЙ И УРОВНЯ ВОЛЕВОЙ РЕГУЛЯЦИИ У ПОДРОСТКОВ С ЛИЧНОСТНОЙ БЕСПОМОЩНОСТЬЮ
Authors: Sizova Yana Nikolaevna
Published: November 2018

Актуальность. Неблагоприятные социально-экономические условия, демографические, культурные, социальные, экономические изменения современного общества характеризуются многочисленными кризисными и негативными ситуациями и, тем самым, обращают интерес учёных к исследованию проблем поведения человека в таких условиях.Цель данного исследования: проанализировать способы преодоления трудностей и особенности волевой регуляции у подростков с личностной беспомощностью и самостоятельностью. В качестве методов исследования выступили: методика диагностики личностной беспомощности (М.О. Климова, Д.А. Циринг), опросник «Способы преодоления негативных ситуаций» (С.С. Гончарова), опросник «Контроль за действием» (Ю. Куль). В результате проведённого сравнительного анализа было выявлено: 1) испытуемые с личностной беспомощностью чаще преодолевают негативные ситуации при помощи стратегий «Самообвинение» и «Поиск виновных», а их сверстники с самостоятельностью чаще совладают посредством копинг-стратегии «Повышение самооценки»; 2) уровень волевой регуляции у подростков с признаками самостоятельности выше, чем у их сверстников с личностной беспомощностью.Область применения результатов. Полученные результаты исследования могут оказаться полезными при разработке рекомендаций родителям и педагогам по развитию навыков регуляции поведения у подростков.Выводы. Выявленные особенности волевой регуляции и копинг-поведения у подростков с личностной беспомощностью говорят о слабости эмоционально-волевого контроля, о неспособности управлять событиями собственной жизни, эффективно преодолевать различные жизненные трудности, о непринятии такими подростками себя и других.
КИБЕР-БУЛЛИНГ КАК РАЗНОВИДНОСТЬ ШКОЛЬНЫХ ИЗДЕВАТЕЛЬСТВ И КОПИНГ-СТРАТЕГИИ ДЛЯ ЕГО ПРЕОДОЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Osadchayay Anastasia Vyacheslavovna , Makarova Helen Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2018

Кибер-буллинг несомненно стал важной проблемой среди молодежи и подростков в последнее десятилетие. Явление это стало более частым по мере расширения использования подростками электронных устройств связи, таких как компьютеры и мобильные телефоны. Однако в настоящее время проводится большое количество мероприятий по предупреждению данного негативного явления.Цель. Изучение явления кибер-буллинга, сравнение его распространенности с традиционным буллингом и рассмотрение видов копинг-стратегий для его преодоления, определения эффективных методов борьбы с кибер-буллингом по мнению самих участников данного процесса.Метод или методология проведения работ. Изучение литературы по данной проблеме, анализ, анкетирование, обобщение и интерпретация данных.Результаты. Кибер-буллинг существует в России сравнительно недавно, поэтому число инцидентов довольно мало по сравнению с традиционным школьным буллингом. По мнению подростков, самым эффективным методом борьбы с буллингом является самостоятельное противостояние хулигану или привлечение друзей.Область применения результатов. Материалы, основные положения и выводы исследования могут быть использованы в практике работы школьных психологов и классных руководителей.
To the Question of Assessing the Financial Condition of the Company
Authors: Графов Андрей , Grafov Andrey , Юсупов Аксан , Yusupov Aksan , Шахватова С. , Shahvatova S. , Михалев Денис , Mikhalev D
Published: November 2018

This article clarifies and proposes improved methodological approaches to the calculation of fi nancial ratios and their use in the formation of the rating level of economic security of the enterprise.
Some Aspects of Financial Assets Impairment in Accordance with IFRS
Authors: Марьясин Антон , Mar'yasin Anton
Published: November 2018

The article is devoted to the specifics of accounting for the financial assets impairment in financial statements in accordance with the requirements of IFRS. The article provides illustrative examples of accounting procedures that from a practical point of view may be of interest to practicing accountants.
A administração da diferença: materialidade e poder na constituição dos espaços, territórios e estruturas temporais na constituição de um programa de pesquisa
Authors: Freire Bernardo Curvelano
Published: November 2018

A noção de administração da diferença que orienta este trabalho, antes especulativo do que propriamente etnográfico, tem como premissa situações sociais muito específicas. É fruto de trabalhos com os quais me envolvi desde que assumi o cargo de professor efetivo do Colegiado de Antropologia no campus de São Raimundo Nonato da Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (CANT-Univasf), no sudeste do Piauí. Estes trabalhos não dizem respeito à atividade de pesquisador propriamente dita, sendo antes fruto de um envolvimento com a vida local, em histórias diversas que incluem a ameaça do advento de uma agenda de mineração predatória conduzida pela atual secretária de Minas, Petróleo e Energias Renováveis do governo de Wellington Dias (PT-PI), as lutas quilombolas por segurança territorial e jurídica, políticas acadêmicas que envolvem a complexidade da formação de um curso de graduação em antropologia ao lado das atividades de uma instituição do porte da Fundação Museu do Homem Americano (FUMDHAM), um dos três órgãos que administram o Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara. Sendo assim, o que escrevo tem muito mais base em envolvimento sistemático do que em levantamento sistemático, o que são duas noções de sistema que não dialogam com a melhor das habilidades. Neste sentido, atentar para a noção de administração da diferença diz respeito tanto à administração das relações que instituem diferenças relevantes em contextos de conflitos diversos, mas sujeitos à uma mediação que transcende à força, quanto à produção de um modo de existência pautado pela sua negação, orientado por indiferença, cujos efeitos são sempre catastróficos. Esta noção leva em consideração eventos em que partes assimétricas em um determinado processo social deliberam a respeito da gestão do espaço a partir da delimitação de um território determinado pela força da lei.
A CRISE POLÍTICA BRASILEIRA DOS ANOS 2000 E O GOVERNO DE MICHAEL TEMER
Authors: Peixoto Vitor De Moraes , Crespo Ralph Andre
Published: November 2018

Nos últimos anos o Brasil tem experimentado sucessivas crises políticas. O governo Temer teve sua primeira crise política com a divulgação do áudio de uma conversa entre o então presidente e o empresário Joesley Batista. O governo que se autodeclarava como solução da crise iniciada nos últimos anos dos governos do PT, acabou por iniciar uma nova crise, o que comprometeu alianças partidárias e, consequentemente, a coalizão governista. Este trabalho visa discutir a crise política brasileira dos últimos anos. Analisar-se-á os conceitos de crise, especialmente de crise política; o cenário político que antecedeu ao governo Temer e as consequências políticas trazidas pela divulgação do áudio.
Teses sobre Resistências ao Fascismo
Authors: Mendonça André
Published: November 2018

Por ser uma espécie de manifesto, não há resumo.
Os caminhos de Lorraine Daston entre a objetividade e a historicidade: orientações para uma epistemologia histórica e o desvio science studies
Authors: Soares Maria Helena Silva
Published: November 2018

A publicação de Historicidade e objetividade de autoria de Lorraine Daston, e organização de Tiago Santos Almeida, é uma verdadeira conquista para pesquisadores brasileiros da Filosofia, Sociologia e História da ciência. A tradução de sete textos da historiadora da ciência e diretora do Instituto Max Planck para a História da Ciência em Berlim, inaugura o acesso à pesquisa em nossa língua pátria de parte imprescindível para os estudos sobre a objetividade e a epistemologia histórica.
75th anniversary of the NEBDN
Authors: Dunlop Lesley
Published: November 2018

As the National Examining Board for Dental Nurses enters its 75th anniversary year, Lesley Dunlop celebrates how far the organisation has come – from its humble beginnings to a look ahead to the next 25 years
Dentistry by day, blogger by night
Authors: Bissett Gaby
Published: November 2018

Natalie Bradley tells Gaby Bissett how she uses blogging as a creative – and informative – outlet in a highly pressurised profession
Phosphorus in food: limitations of food composition data
Authors: Hannah Julie , Roe Mark , Warthon-Medina Marisol , Pinchen Hannah , Barrett Maria , Perry Sue
Published: November 2018

Limiting the amount of phosphorus in the diet is the first line for management of hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease, and it is therefore important that dietitians have access to accurate data on the phosphorus content of foods. However, food composition datasets have several limitations for use. In this article, Julie Hannah and colleagues describe the limitations of food composition data, and call for further research into this area