bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic basis of job attainment characteristics and the genetic sharing with other SES indices and well-being
Authors: Song Zhaoli , Li Wen-Dong , Li Hengtong , Zhang Xin , Wang Nan , Fan Qiao
Published: May 2022

Job attainment is an important component of socioeconomic status (SES). There is currently a paucity of genomic research on an individual’s job attainment, as well as how it is related to other SES variables and overall well-being at the whole genome level. By incorporating O*NET occupational information into the UK Biobank database, we performed GWAS analyses of six major job attainment characteristics—job complexity, autonomy, innovation, information demands, emotional demands, and physical demands—on 219,483 individuals of European ancestry. The job attainment characteristics had moderate to high pairwise genetic correlations, manifested by three latent factors: cognitive, emotional, and physical requirements. The latent factor of overall job requirement underlying the job attainment traits represented a critical genetic path from educational attainment to income (P < 0.001). Job attainment characteristics were genetically positively correlated with positive health and well-being outcomes (i.e., subject well-being, overall health rating, number of non-cancer illnesses etc. (|rg|: 0.14–0.51), similar to other SES indices; however, the genetic correlations exhibited opposite directions for physical demands (|rg|: 0.14–0.51) and were largely negligible for emotional demands. By adopting a finer-grained approach to capture specific job attainment phenotypes, our study represents an important step forward in understanding the shared genetic architecture among job attainment characteristics, other SES indices, and potential role in health and well-being outcomes.
Application of genetic algorithm combined with improved SEIR model in predicting the epidemic trend of COVID-19, China
Authors: Qiu Zhenzhen , Sun Youyi , He Xuan , Wei Jing , Zhou Rui , Bai Jie , Du Shouying
Published: May 2022

Since the outbreak of the 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) at the end of 2019, it has caused great adverse effects on the whole world, and it has been hindering the global economy. It is ergent to establish an infectious disease model for the current COVID-19 epidemic to predict the trend of the epidemic. Based on the SEIR model, the improved SEIR models were established with considering the incubation period, the isolated population, and genetic algorithm (GA) parameter optimization method. The improved SEIR models can predict the trend of the epidemic situation better and obtain the more accurate epidemic-related parameters. Comparing some key parameters, it is capable to evaluate the impact of different epidemic prevention measures and the implementation of different epidemic prevention levels on the COVID-19, which has significant guidance for further epidemic prevention measures.
Development of a deep learning model that predicts Bi-level positive airway pressure failure
Authors: Im Daniel D. , Laksana Eugene , Ledbetter David R. , Aczon Melissa D. , Khemani Robinder G. , Wetzel Randall C.
Published: May 2022

Delaying intubation for patients failing Bi-Level Positive Airway Pressure (BIPAP) may be associated with harm. The objective of this study was to develop a deep learning model capable of aiding clinical decision making by predicting Bi-Level Positive Airway Pressure (BIPAP) failure. This was a retrospective cohort study in a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) between 2010 and 2020. Three machine learning models were developed to predict BIPAP failure: two logistic regression models and one deep learning model, a recurrent neural network with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM-RNN) architecture. Model performance was evaluated in a holdout test set. 175 (27.7%) of 630 total BIPAP sessions were BIPAP failures. Patients in the BIPAP failure group were on BIPAP for a median of 32.8 (9.2–91.3) hours prior to intubation. Late BIPAP failure (intubation after using BIPAP > 24 h) patients had fewer 28-day Ventilator Free Days (13.40 [0.68–20.96]), longer ICU length of stay and more post-extubation BIPAP days compared to those who were intubated ≤ 24 h from BIPAP initiation. An AUROC above 0.5 indicates that a model has extracted new information, potentially valuable to the clinical team, about BIPAP failure. Within 6 h of BIPAP initiation, the LSTM-RNN model predicted which patients were likely to fail BIPAP with an AUROC of 0.81 (0.80, 0.82), superior to all other models. Within 6 h of BIPAP initiation, the LSTM-RNN model would identify nearly 80% of BIPAP failures with a 50% false alarm rate, equal to an NNA of 2. In conclusion, a deep learning method using readily available data from the electronic health record can identify which patients on BIPAP are likely to fail with good discrimination, oftentimes days before they are intubated in usual practice.
Three-qubit-embedded split Cayley hexagon is contextuality sensitive
Authors: Holweck Frédéric , de Boutray Henri , Saniga Metod
Published: May 2022

In this article, we show that sets of three-qubit quantum observables obtained by considering both the classical and skew embeddings of the split Cayley hexagon of order two into the binary symplectic polar space of rank three can be used to detect quantum state-independent contextuality. This reveals a fundamental connection between these two appealing structures and some fundamental tools in quantum mechanics and quantum computation. More precisely, we prove that the complement of a classically embedded hexagon does not provide a Mermin–Peres-like proof of the Kochen–Specker theorem whereas that of a skewly-embedded one does.
Dynamics of radiative Williamson hybrid nanofluid with entropy generation: significance in solar aircraft
Authors: Hussain Syed M.
Published: May 2022

Sun based energy is the chief source of heat from the sun, and it utilizes in photovoltaic cells, sun-based power plates, photovoltaic lights and sun-based hybrid nanofluids. Specialists are currently exploring the utilization of nanotechnology and sun-based radiation to further develop flight effectiveness. In this analysis, a hybrid nanofluid is moving over an expandable sheet. Analysts are presently exploring the utilization of nanotechnology and sunlight-based radiation to further develop avionics productivity. To explore the heat transfer rate phenomenon, a hybrid nanofluid stream is moving towards a trough having a parabolic type shape and is located inside of solar airplane wings. The expression used to depict the heat transfer phenomenon was sun based thermal radiation. Heat transfer proficiency of airplane wings is evaluated with the inclusion of distinguished effects like viscous dissipation, slanted magnetic field and solar-based thermal radiations. The Williamson hybrid nanofluid past an expandable sheet was read up for entropy generation. The energy and momentum expressions were solved numerically with the utilization of the Keller box approach. The nano solid particles, which are comprised of copper (Cu) and Graphene oxide, are dispersed utilizing SA (Sodium alginate) as an ordinary liquid (GO). A huge number of control factors, for example, temperature, shear stress, velocity, frictional element along with Nusselt number are investigated in detail. Intensification of thermal conduction, viscous dissipation and radiation improve the performance of airplane wings subjected to heat transmission. Hybrid nanofluid performance is much better than the ordinary nanofluid when it comes to heat transmission analysis.
Automated amplification-free digital RNA detection platform for rapid and sensitive SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis
Authors: Shinoda Hajime , Iida Tatsuya , Makino Asami , Yoshimura Mami , Ishikawa Junichiro , Ando Jun , Murai Kazue , Sugiyama Katsumi , Muramoto Yukiko , Nakano Masahiro , Kiga Kotaro , Cui Longzhu , Nureki Osamu , Takeuchi Hiroaki , Noda Takeshi , Nishimasu Hiroshi , Watanabe Rikiya
Published: May 2022

In the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, rapid and sensitive diagnosis of viral infection is a critical deterrent to the spread of SARS-CoV-2. To this end, we developed an automated amplification-free digital RNA detection platform using CRISPR-Cas13a and microchamber device (opn-SATORI), which automatically completes a detection process from sample mixing to RNA quantification in clinical specimens within ~9 min. Using the optimal Cas13a enzyme and magnetic beads technology, opn-SATORI detected SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA with a LoD of < 6.5 aM (3.9 copies μL−1), comparable to RT-qPCR. Additionally, opn-SATORI discriminated between SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, including alpha, delta, and omicron, with 98% accuracy. Thus, opn-SATORI can serve as a rapid and convenient diagnostic platform for identifying several types of viral infections.
Space object identification via polarimetric satellite laser ranging
Authors: Bartels Nils , Allenspacher Paul , Hampf Daniel , Heidenreich Bernhard , Keil Denise , Schafer Ewan , Riede Wolfgang
Published: May 2022

Low Earth orbits are becoming congested. The rapid identification and precise orbit determination of space objects is mandatory for space management. Satellite laser ranging (SLR) enables precise orbit determination by measuring the two-way photon travel time of laser pulses from a ground station to satellites equipped with retroreflectors. Here we propose polarization-modulated SLR, where specially designed retroreflectors positioned on a satellite switch the polarization state of received polarized photons and reflect them back to a ground station for analysis. Satellite identifiers can be coded into arrays of reflectors with different polarizing properties, while the orbit determining capability of conventional SLR is maintained. We design, build and test polarized light-switching retroreflector assemblies and investigate the feasibility of accurate signal measurement from SLR ground stations. The approach is passive, straightforward to integrate and requires no electricity. Polarization-modulated SLR could contribute to increasing demands of space object monitoring, for example of mega-constellations or during cluster launches.
Upcycling end-of-life vehicle waste plastic into flash graphene
Authors: Wyss Kevin M. , De Kleine Robert D. , Couvreur Rachel L. , Kiziltas Alper , Mielewski Deborah F. , Tour James M.
Published: May 2022

Responsible disposal of vehicles at the end of life is a pressing environmental concern. In particular, waste plastic forms the largest proportion of non-recycled waste material from light-duty vehicles, and often ends up in a landfill. Here we report the upcycling of depolluted, dismantled and shredded end-of-life waste plastic into flash graphene using flash Joule heating. The synthetic process requires no separation or sorting of plastics and uses no solvents or water. We demonstrate the practical value of the graphene as a re-inforcing agent in automotive polyurethane foam composite, where its introduction leads to improved tensile strength and low frequency noise absorption properties. We demonstrate process continuity by upcycling the resulting foam composite back into equal-quality flash graphene. A prospective cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment suggests that our method may afford lower cumulative energy demand and water use, and a decrease in global warming potential compared to traditional graphene synthesis methods.
Electric-field-induced oscillations in ionic fluids: a unified formulation of modified Poisson–Nernst–Planck models and its relevance to correlation function analysis
Authors: Frusawa Hiroshi
Published: May 2022

The modified Poisson–Nernst–Planck model with multiplicative noise is developed for driven electrolytes, demonstrating the existence of electric-field-induced crossover from monotonic to oscillatory decay of correlations similar to the Kirkwood one.
A portable blood lactate sensor with a non-immobilized enzyme for early sepsis diagnosis
Authors: Kiatamornrak Patcharakorn , Boobphahom Siraprapa , Lertussavavivat Tanat , Rattanawaleedirojn Pranee , Chailapakul Orawon , Rodthongkum Nadnudda , Srisawat Nattachai
Published: May 2022

Early determination of blood lactate levels may accelerate the detection of sepsis, one of the most time-sensitive illnesses.
Dual peptide nanoparticle platform for enhanced antigen-specific immune tolerance for the treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Wang Huangwei , Shang Jun , He Zhesheng , Zheng Miaomiao , Jia Huiju , Zhang Yaning , Yang Wenzhi , Gao Xueyun , Gao Fuping
Published: May 2022

A dual peptide nanoparticles platform, including the antigen peptide of the primary signal and inhibitory peptide of co-stimulatory signal for T-cell activation, trigger antigen-specific immune tolerance to treat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).
Carbon nano-onion induced organization of polyacrylonitrile-derived block star polymers to obtain mesoporous carbon materials
Authors: Siemiaszko Gabriela , Hryniewicka Agnieszka , Breczko Joanna , Brzezinski Krzysztof , Plonska-Brzezinska Marta E.
Published: May 2022

Herein, we report the synthesis of mesoporous carbon materials from diblock star copolymers derived from polyacrylonitrile. The organization of polymers on the carbon nano-onion's surface resulted in materials of superficial electrochemical performance.
Ru(II)-catalyzed P(III)-assisted C8-alkylation of naphthphosphines
Authors: Ma Wen-Tao , Huang Mao-Gui , Fu Yueliuting , Wang Zhong-Hui , Tao Jun-Yang , Li Jia-Wei , Liu Yue-Jin , Zeng Ming-Hua
Published: May 2022

We report a phosphine-directed ruthenium-catalyzed C8-selective alkylation of naphthalenes with alkenes.
A boron dipyrromethene chiral at boron and carbon with a bent geometry: synthesis, resolution and chiroptical properties
Authors: Işık Murat , Dündar Esra , Şahin Ertan , Tanyeli Cihangir
Published: May 2022

We report a boron dipyrromethene that is chiral at boron and carbon (B*C*-BODIPY) and accessible through a two-pot, one-step synthesis—an interrupted Knoevenagel condensation.
Correction: Strongly emissive white-light-emitting silver iodide based inorganic–organic hybrid structures with comparable quantum efficiency to commercial phosphors
Authors: Lin Fang , Liu Wei , Wang Hao , Li Jing
Published: May 2022

Correction for ‘Strongly emissive white-light-emitting silver iodide based inorganic–organic hybrid structures with comparable quantum efficiency to commercial phosphors’ by Fang Lin et al., Chem. Commun., 2020, 56, 1481–1484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C9CC09260A.
Polycyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons: is tetrahedrane present in UIR spectra?
Authors: Westbrook Brent R. , Beasley Griffin M. , Fortenberry Ryan C.
Published: May 2022

Tetrahedrane, the smallest Platonic hydrocarbon, may help to explain the UV extinction bump in the ISM and the UIRs.
Isotherm model for moisture-controlled CO2 sorption
Authors: Kaneko Yuta , Lackner Klaus S.
Published: May 2022

Inspired by CO2 absorption into alkaline aqueous solutions, we derive an analytic isotherm model of moisture-controlled CO2 sorption in anion exchange materials.
Solvent-free continuous flow hydrogenation of N-methylpyrrolidone to N-methylpyrrolidine catalyzed by bimetallic Pt/V on HAP
Authors: Gao Pengxiang , Liu Song , Yang Jitao , Zhao Dishun , Liu Qingbin
Published: May 2022

The continuous flow hydrogenation of N-methylpyrrolidone which catalyzed by Pt/V/HAP (Pt/V molar ratio = 1 : 0.5) was achieved running for 100 h with solvent-free, and the N-methylpyrrolidine yield was above 85.21%.
Selective photocatalytic oxidation of cyclohexene coupled with hydrogen evolution from water splitting over Ni/NiO/CdS and mechanism insight
Authors: Zhang Ying , Liu Ziran , Guo Changyan , Guo Cheng , Lu Yi , Wang Jide
Published: May 2022

The reaction process of photocatalytic oxidation of cyclohexene including the oxidation products and oxidation active substance.
Prediction of nanomagnetite stoichiometry (Fe(ii)/Fe(iii)) under contrasting pH and redox conditions
Authors: Jungcharoen Phoomipat , Pédrot Mathieu , Heberling Frank , Hanna Khalil , Choueikani Fadi , Catrouillet Charlotte , Dia Aline , Marsac Rémi
Published: May 2022

Magnetite nanoparticles are not chemically stable at pH < 7, which drastically affects their environmental behavior.
Integrated experimental and modeling evaluation of removal efficiency and energy consumption for an autotrophic denitrifying biocathode
Authors: Cecconet Daniele , Sabba Fabrizio , Anastasi Valentina , Bolognesi Silvia , Callegari Arianna , He Zhen , Capodaglio Andrea G.
Published: May 2022

A mathematical model for autotrophic biocathodic denitrification of groundwater has been developed. The model predictions captured current demand and energy consumption related to reduction of N-forms.
d-chiro-Inositol facilitates adiponectin biosynthesis and activates the AMPKα/PPARs pathway to inhibit high-fat diet-induced obesity and liver lipid deposition
Authors: Yang Qiong , Zhang Yao , Li Luqi , Li Jia , Li Yunlong , Han Lin , Wang Min
Published: May 2022

DCI promotes adiponectin synthesis in adipose tissue to inhibit high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice and activates the adiponectin-AMPKα/PPARs pathway to regulate hepatic fatty acid metabolism, thereby reducing hepatic lipid deposition.
A solar tracker integrated microreactor for real-time sunlight induced ketene formation and API synthesis
Authors: Rana Abhilash , Malviya Bhanwar Kumar , Jaiswal Deepak Kumar , Srihari P. , Singh Ajay K.
Published: May 2022

Catalyst free, newly fabricated solar panel reactor for the fluctuating light condition, 20 new entry, gram scale synthesis, safe and green process, sun-light is energy source.
A jackpot C–H activation protocol using simple ruthenium catalyst in deep eutectic solvents
Authors: González-Gallardo Nerea , Saavedra Beatriz , Guillena Gabriela , Ramón Diego J.
Published: May 2022

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been used for the first time as a sustainable medium in a ruthenium-catalyzed C–H activation reaction.
Activating the p53 anti-cancer pathway by targeting the MDM2/MDMX dimer interface with short peptide segments: a computational peptide design experiment
Authors: ElSawy Karim M. , Alminderej Fahad M. , Verma Chandra S. , Caves Leo S. D.
Published: May 2022

Systematic mutation of the I485 and I489 residues of the KEIQLVIKVFI489A peptide leads to 14 mutant peptides that show at least three-fold preferential binding to the MDM2/MDMX interface (ΔΔG ∼ −3.00 kcal mol−1) lower than the KEIQLVIKVFI489A peptide (ΔΔG = −1.02 kcal mol−1).
Synthesis of sulfamoyl-triazolyl-carboxamides as pharmacological myeloperoxidase inhibitors
Authors: Larroza Allya , Krüger Roberta , Fronza Mariana G. , Pesarico Ana Paula , de Oliveira Daniela H. , Savegnago Lucielli , Alves Diego
Published: May 2022

Sulfamoyl-triazolyl-carboxamides were synthesized using DBU as a catalyst, and their molecular docking and MPO activity analyses were performed.
Low-bandgap small molecule acceptors with asymmetric side chains
Authors: Zong Guanhua , Li Mingjie , Jin Ke , Xu Zhiwei , Zhang Lixiu , Ma Ning , Wang Jilin , Wang Guan-Wu , Xiao Zuo , Ding Liming
Published: May 2022

Low-bandgap ADA small molecule acceptors A1 and A2 with asymmetric side chains show good performance in organic solar cells.
Elemental sulfur as the “S” source: visible-light-mediated four-component reactions leading to thiocyanates
Authors: Wang Zhiwei , Liu Ruisheng , Qu Chengming , Zhao Xian-En , Lv Yufen , Yue Huilan , Wei Wei
Published: May 2022

An eco-friendly and photocatalyst-free visible-light-promoted four-component reaction of α-diazoesters, elemental sulfur, cyclic ethers and TMSCN leading to thiocyanates is described.
Gel scaffolds and emerging applications in biomedicine
Authors: Rajasekar Mani , Lavanya Manivannan
Published: May 2022

Nowadays, gels are formed by small molecules self-assembling under the influence of various non-covalent interactions.
Sequential detection of hypochlorous acid and sulfur dioxide derivatives by a red-emitting fluorescent probe and bioimaging applications in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Liu Jianhua , Yin Haoyuan , Shang Zhuye , Gu Pengli , He Guangjie , Meng Qingtao , Zhang Run , Zhang Zhiqiang
Published: May 2022

A red-emitting fluorescence probe (DP) has been successfully developed for the sequential detection of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and sulfur dioxide derivatives (SO32−/HSO3−) in vitro and in vivo.
First-principles study on structural, electronic, magnetic and thermodynamic properties of lithium ferrite LiFe5O8
Authors: Kim Su-Yong , Kim Kwang-Su , Jong Un-Gi , Kang Chung-Jin , Ri Song-Chol , Yu Chol-Jun
Published: May 2022

We systematically investigate the material properties of lithium ferrite LiFe5O8 – structural, magnetic, electronic, lattice vibrational properties and thermodynamic stability – using density functional theory calculations.
Highly efficient, bioactive, and bifunctional sorbent p–n–p visible light heterogeneous photocatalyst utilizing ultra-fine ZnS nanoparticles embedded in a polymeric nanocomposite
Authors: Bagheri Hanieh , Pasha Mohammad Akbarzadeh , Lakouraj Moslem Mansour , Hasantabar Vahid , Mohseni Mojtaba
Published: May 2022

Bi-functional ZnS@GO@Pani polymeric NC: an effective sorbent acting simultaneously as a p–n–p heterojunction photocatalyst with superior antibacterial activity.
Theoretical prediction of a graphene-like 2D uranyl material with p-orbital antiferromagnetism
Authors: Zhao Xiao-Kun , Cao Chang-Su , Liu Jin-Cheng , Lu Jun-Bo , Li Jun , Hu Han-Shi
Published: May 2022

An unprecedented graphene-like 2D uranyl material with p-orbital antiferromagnetism is found to be stable by computational investigations.
Aldehyde-functional thermoresponsive diblock copolymer worm gels exhibit strong mucoadhesion
Authors: Brotherton Emma E. , Neal Thomas J. , Kaldybekov Daulet B. , Smallridge Mark J. , Khutoryanskiy Vitaliy V. , Armes Steven P.
Published: May 2022

Optimizing the aldehyde content of thermoresponsive diblock copolymer worm gels via periodate oxidation leads to mucoadhesion performance comparable to that of chitosan (a gold standard positive control) in a fluorescence assay using porcine mucosa.
How hydrogen-bonding interactions and nanocrystal aspect ratios influence the morphology and mechanical performance of polymer nanocomposites reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals
Authors: Miao Chuanwei , Mauran Damien , Hamad Wadood Y.
Published: May 2022

The performance of polymer nanocomposites reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) is complicated by several factors, primarily CNC–polymer and polymer–polymer interactions.
Elucidating liquid crystal-aqueous interface for the study of cholesterol-mediated action of a β-barrel pore forming toxin
Authors: Gupta Tarang , Mondal Anish Kumar , Pani Ipsita , Chattopadhyay Kausik , Pal Santanu Kumar
Published: May 2022

The interfacial interactions of VCC with phospholipid-laden LC-aqueous interface are mediated by cholesterol, and their interfacial activity is transcribed into dendritic optical patterns.
Inverted metamorphic InGaAsP/InGaAs dual-junction solar cells towards full solar spectrum harvesting
Authors: Park Suho , McCartney Martha R. , Smith David J. , Jeon Jiyeon , Kim Yeongho , Lee Sang Jun
Published: May 2022

An InGaAsP (1.04 eV)/InGaAs (0.54 eV) dual-junction solar cell, monolithically grown in an inverted configuration on an InP substrate, has been demonstrated.
A Nafion/polybenzimidazole composite membrane with consecutive proton-conducting pathways for aqueous redox flow batteries
Authors: Wan Y. H. , Sun J. , Jian Q. P. , Fan X. Z. , Zhao T. S.
Published: May 2022

A composite membrane with consecutive proton-conducting pathways is designed for aqueous redox flow batteries. The high proton conductivity and ion selectivity are endowed respectively by the interconnected Nafion nanofibers and PBI matrix.
Synergistic effect of two hydrochlorides resulting in significantly enhanced performance of tin-based perovskite solar cells with 3D to quasi-2D structural transition
Authors: Li Tianhao , Wang Yangyang , Zhu Weiya , Dang Qianxi , Zhang Yiheng , Li Yuan , Deng Xianyu
Published: May 2022

Hydrazine monohydrochloride (HMCl) inhibits Sn2+ oxidation, and diethylamine hydrochloride (DEACl) leads to a 2D structure. Under the synergistic effect of the two hydrochlorides, PCE and the VOC are largely enhanced for stable Sn-based devices.
In situconstruction of polyether-based composite electrolyte with bi-phase ion conductivity and stable electrolyte/electrode interphase for solid-state lithium metal batteries
Authors: Zheng Shujun , Chen Yuyang , Chen Kai , Yang Shengyuan , Bagherzadeh Roohollah , Miao Yue-E , Liu Tianxi
Published: May 2022

A bi-phase ionic conductive polyether-based composite electrolyte was obtained byin situpolymerization, which synergistically achieves high ion-conduction (6.6 × 10−4S cm−1, 25 °C), and a chemically stable solid electrolyte interphase.
A freestanding 3D heterophase tungsten disulfide-based aerogel as an ultrathin microwave absorber in the Ku-band
Authors: Zhou Jun , Luo Jialiang , Hao Gazi , Guo Fan , Liu Guigao , Guo Hu , Zhang Guangpu , Xiao Lei , Hu Yubing , Jiang Wei
Published: May 2022

An ingenious dielectric tuning strategy was used to design a dual 3D conductive network hybrid aerogel, achieving ultrathin strong microwave absorption in the Ku-band.
Electrical tailoring of the photoluminescence of silicon-vacancy centers in diamond/silicon heterojunctions
Authors: Guo Xiaokun , Yang Bing , Lu Jiaqi , Li Haining , Huang Nan , Liu Lusheng , Jiang Xin
Published: May 2022

Based on a diamond/n+-Si heterojunction, the photoluminescence of negatively-charged silicon vacancy centers in microcrystalline diamond films exhibits remarkable increase under the forward bias.
Deep-blue high-efficiency triplet–triplet annihilation organic light-emitting diodes using hydroxyl-substituted tetraphenylimidazole-functionalized anthracene fluorescent emitters
Authors: Li Wan , Chasing Pongsakorn , Nalaoh Phattananawee , Chawanpunyawat Thanyarat , Chantanop Nuttapong , Sukpattanacharoen Chattarika , Kungwan Nawee , Wongkaew Praweena , Sudyoadsuk Taweesak , Promarak Vinich
Published: May 2022

A new triplet–triplet annihilation-OLED exhibits deep-blue electroluminescence (CIEy ≈ 0.08) with a narrow full width at half maximum of 59 nm, high external quantum efficiency of 6.43%, low turn-on voltage, and singlet exciton utilization of 38%.
Impact of composition engineering on charge carrier cooling in hybrid perovskites: computational insights
Authors: Ghosh Dibyajyoti , Perez Carlos Mora , Prezhdo Oleg , Nie Wanyi , Tretiak Sergei , Neukirch Amanda J.
Published: May 2022

The study exhibits the beneficial effect of A-cation mixing in hybrid halide perovskites for efficient hot carrier harvesting.
Increase the molecular length and donor strength to boost horizontal dipole orientation for high-efficiency OLEDs
Authors: Chen Yi-Kuan , Jayakumar Jayachandran , Ko Chang-Lun , Hung Wen-Yi , Wu Tien-Lin , Cheng Chien-Hong
Published: May 2022

Three pyridine-carbonitrile (PPC) fluorophores with amine-type donors, carbazole, tert-butylcarbazole, and spiroacridine have been designed and synthesized. A high-performance green OLED based on SAcmPPC dopant exhibited an external quantum efficiency of 37.2%.
Gesture Development in Chinese-Speaking Preschool Children With Autism and the Roles of Parental Input and Child-Based Factors
Authors: Huang Ying , Cheng Chun-Ho , Law Wing-Wun , Wong Tiffany , Leung Oi-Ki , So Wing-Chee
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

Children with autism are found to have delayed and heterogeneous gesture abilities. It is important to understand the growth of gesture abilities and the underlying factors affecting its growth. Addressing these issues can help to design effective intervention programs.

Method:

Thirty-five Chinese-speaking preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (
M
age
= 4.89 years,
SD
= 0.91; four girls) participated in four play sessions with their parents over 9 months. Their child-based factors including autism severity, intellectual functioning, and expressive language abilities were assessed. The gestures (deictic, iconic, and conventional) of the children and their parents were coded. Growth curve analyses were conducted to examine individual growth trajectories and the roles of child-based factors and parental input in shaping the children's gesture development.

Results:

Child-based factors and parental input predicted gesture development differently. Parents' gestures positively predicted their children's gestures of the same type. Autism severity negatively predicted iconic and conventional gestures. Overall growth was found in deictic rather than iconic and conventional gestures. Subgroup variation was also found. Specifically, children with better expressive language ability showed a decrease in deictic gestures. An increase in iconic and conventional gestures was found in children with more severe autism and those with poorer expressive language ability and intellectual functioning, respectively.

Conclusions:

Different types of gestures may have different growth trajectories and be predicted by different child-based factors. Particular attention should be given to children who never produced iconic gestures, which is more challenging and may not develop over a short period, and hence require direct instruction.
Study on abnormal power failure shutdown control of magnetic suspension centrifugal compressor
Authors: Hu Yusheng , Li Liyi , Guo Weilin , Li Yan
Published: May 2022

The rotor of a magnetic suspension centrifugal compressor is supported by magnetic bearing, and a power failure will cause the high‐speed rotor to fall directly onto the protective bearings, affecting the reliability of the compressor. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an abnormal power failure shutdown control method with semi‐switching modulation of the inverter. Firstly, the overall scheme of abnormal power failure shutdown control is designed, and its feasibility is analysed in detail through mathematical modelling. Secondly, aiming at the non‐linear, time‐varying and gain uncertainty characteristics of the control system, a voltage control strategy based on parametric self‐regulating sliding‐mode variable structure is proposed, and the stability is analysed. Finally, the method proposed in this paper is experimentally verified, the results show that this method does not depend on the electric angle of the motor compared to existing methods, and the rotor can achieve a zero‐drop speed shutdown, which greatly improves the reliability of the magnetic suspension centrifugal compressor.
Corrosion reaction kinetics and high‐temperature corrosion testing of contact element strips in ultra‐high voltage bushing based on the phase‐field method
Authors: Jin Shoufeng , Tian Huidong , Wang Qingyu , Ren Ting , Liu Peng , Peng Zongren
Published: May 2022

For the structural characteristics of power transmission equipment such as bushings, the plug‐in structure is mostly used for current‐carrying connections owing to the large size and long distance at high voltage levels. The contact element strip is the key component of the current‐carrying structure, carrying the combined electrical–thermal effect. Its electrical current‐carrying performance is important. In recent years, discharge failures caused by the overheating failure of electrical connections have occurred from time to time. However, there have been relatively few studies on the failure mechanism of the electrical connection structures of high‐voltage power transmission equipment, such as bushings. In this study, from the perspective of corrosion reaction kinetics, a two‐dimensional phase‐field model of high‐temperature corrosion is established to obtain the carrier concentration distribution in the film. The effects of temperature, gas partial pressure, film thickness, and applied electric field on the growth rate of corrosion reaction film were calculated using the finite element method. At the same time, with the contact element strips used in the bushing as the test object, a corrosion test was carried out in SF6 atmosphere to simulate the high‐temperature corrosion caused by the uneven current carrying of the contacts in actual operating conditions. Combined with the effect of temperature on the film growth rate, the contact area was the most severely corroded location. The simulation can provide a qualitative analysis for the contact degradation test and a new method for studying the factors affecting the corrosion mechanism of contact element strips.
A highly efficient isolated single‐phase variable frequency AC–AC converter with flexible buck‐boost factor, inherent safe commutation, and continuous current
Authors: Abdoli Iman , Mosallanejad Ali
Published: May 2022

This paper proposes an isolated single‐phase flexible buck‐boost ac–ac converter with an adjustable output frequency and optimized semiconductors count. One power switch only operates with a high switching frequency in each half‐cycle of the input voltage, and others operate with a low switching frequency equal to the output frequency. Thanks to this feature, the converter provides high efficiency, 95.5% in step‐down mode and 91.5% in step‐up mode. The galvanic isolation between the input and output sides is also regarded for the proposed topology by employing two coupled inductors. The converter has an inherent safe commutation by utilizing a simple modulation strategy. Thus, additional snubber circuits and complex commutation strategies are no longer required. The proposed converter does not require any input filter as it operates with the continuous input current. This paper presents the operating principle of the proposed topology in detail. For this purpose, a 200‐W experimental prototype has been designed to examine the performance of the suggested converter for different operating modes and output frequencies. Results confirm the theory and operation of the proposed topology.
Tow ship interference mitigation in shallow ocean using correlated mode decomposition technique
Authors: M Remadevi , S Suneera , N Sureshkumar , R Rajesh
Published: May 2022

Passive towed arrays assume great importance in shallow ocean surveillance, owing to their capability to detect long range underwater acoustic targets. The detection and classification performance is severely impacted by the tow ship interference manifestation in the pressure sensor array towed behind the ship. In this work, a robust tow ship multipath interference mitigation algorithm intended for shallow ocean operation is developed, based on the dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) technique, which in turn exploits the coherent structure of the multimode acoustic wave propagation inherent in the shallow ocean scenario. The proposed algorithm effectively identifies the coherent normal mode interference subspace and eliminates its components from the received array data vector. Further, this approach compliments the shallow ocean normal mode acoustic field propagation and ensures simultaneous mitigation of all the multipath generated interferences, making it a superior method to reduce the azimuth spread of the interference and tow ship spectral leakage into the panoramic detection beams. This greatly enhances the detection and classification capability of sonar, especially for distant stealthy targets. The efficacy of the algorithm is validated using Monte Carlo simulations and further ratified by experimental data captured during the field trials in the Arabian Sea.
A data‐driven Dir‐MUSIC method based on the MLP model
Authors: Xu Wencong , Hu Yue , Li Jianxun
Published: May 2022

The directional multiple signal classification (Dir‐MUSIC) algorithm based on antenna gain array manifold has been proposed to find the direction of the partial discharge source successfully in substations, however, a non‐linear optimisation problem in this algorithm is usually time‐consuming. To achieve real‐time feature, a data‐driven Dir‐MUSIC method based on the multilayer perception model is proposed to speed up the computing process and simultaneously guarantee the accuracy. Pre‐trained the multilayer perception model, the non‐linear optimisation problem can be treated as a function can be calculated directly. Input of the model is the noise matrix which can be uniquely calculated with a certain matrix measurement, and output is the estimated direction of the partial discharge source. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method has an excellent efficiency and relatively high accuracy, and the computing time can match the real‐time demand. Additionally, two effective improvements are proposed to raise the direction accuracy and stability. Specifically, mean error is reduced from 2.58° to 2.22° with the first improvement, and from 2.58° to 1.00° with the second improvement.
The stellar content of the ROSAT all-sky survey
Authors: Freund S. , Czesla S. , Robrade J. , Schneider P. C. , Schmitt J. H. M. M.
Published: May 2022

Aims. We present and apply a method to identify the stellar content of the ROSAT all-sky survey (RASS).

Methods. We performed a crossmatch between the RASS sources and stellar candidates selected from Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) and estimated stellar probabilities for every RASS source from the geometric properties of the match and additional properties, namely the X-ray to G-band flux ratio and the counterpart distances.

Results. A comparison with preliminary detections from the first eROSITA all-sky survey (eRASS1) show that the positional offsets of the RASS sources are larger than expected from the uncertainties given in the RASS catalog. From the RASS sources with reliable positional uncertainties, we identify 28 630 (24.9%) sources as stellar; this is the largest sample of stellar X-ray sources to date. Directly from the stellar probabilities, we estimate the completeness and reliability of the sample to be about 93% and confirm this value by comparing it to the identification of randomly shifted RASS sources, preliminary stellar eRASS1 identifications, and results from a previous identification of RASS sources. Our stellar RASS sources contain sources of all spectral types and luminosity classes. According to their position in the color-magnitude diagram, many stellar RASS sources are young stars with ages of a few 107 yr or binaries. When plotting the X-ray to bolometric flux ratio as a function of the color, the onset of convection and the saturation limit are clearly visible. We note that later-type stars reach continuously higher FX/Fbol values, which is probably due to more frequent flaring. The color distribution of the stellar RASS sources clearly differs from the unrelated background sources. We present the three-dimensional distribution of the stellar RASS sources that shows a clear increase in the source density near known stellar clusters.
Effect of laterality and fatigue in peroneal electromechanical delay
Authors: Flevas Dimitrios A. , Pappas Evangelos , Ristanis Stavros , Giakas Giannis , Vekris Marios , Georgoulis Anastasios D.
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Extremity dominance is one of the intrinsic factors that have been identified for ankle sprains. Electromechanical delay (EMD) is an integral part of the peroneal motor response and, therefore, substantial in preventing ankle sprains. This study aimed to investigate the effect of laterality on EMD times before and after fatigue.Methods: Fifteen healthy male volunteers participated in the study. Measurements were taken with the ankle in a neutral (0°) position, and all subjects followed an isokinetic fatigue protocol. Repeated ANOVA was used for statistical analysis, and theαlevel was set a priori atp ≤ 0.05.Results: No significant difference was noted in EMD times between the dominant and non-dominant legs of the volunteers (p = 0.940). Fatigue caused a significant increase in EMD by 10–15 ms (p = 0.003), while the leg × fatigue interaction was not significant (p = 0.893).Conclusions: In a non-injured athlete, both ankles seem to be under the same protection of the reactive response of the peroneal muscles. Therefore, athletes should be aware that both their extremities are equally exposed to the danger of an ankle injury. Also, fatigued ankles demonstrate longer EMD times, implying that improving resistance to fatigue may add another layer of protection that has the potential to prevent ankle sprain recurrence.
Arbeit mit dem Symptomenlexikon am Beispiel von
Sepia-Krankengeschichten
Authors: Gubo Edgar
Published: May 2022

Krankengeschichten, die mit dem Symptomenlexikon gelöst wurden, sagen
mehr über die gewählte Methode aus als über das
Arzneimittel selbst, sodass in diesem Artikel vor allem die Vorzüge des
Symptomenlexikons und die methodische Umsetzung in der Praxis besprochen
werden.
Kinderwunsch bei Endometriose
Authors: Albrecht Daniela
Published: May 2022

Der Zusammenhang von Endometriose und unerfülltem Kinderwunsch ist
bekannt und wird mittels operativer Entfernung der peritonealen
Endometrioseherde behandelt. In diesem Fall konnte trotz mehrmaliger Operationen
keine Schwangerschaft initiiert werden. Unter der Behandlung mit Sepia
officinalis wurde die Patientin innerhalb eines Jahres schwanger und konnte ein
gesundes Kind gebären. Die Anamnese, Symptomenauswahl, Repertorisation
und der Fallverlauf werden hier dargestellt. Neben der Erfüllung des
Kinderwunsches konnten die Zyklusbeschwerden deutlich und anhaltend verbessert
werden. Gleichzeitig wurde das vorbestehende atopische Ekzem auf ein Minimum
reduziert.
Stramonium in seiner Ambivalenz: zwischen Gewalttätigkeit und
religiöser Sehnsucht
Authors: Hadulla Michael M.
Published: May 2022

Datura stramonii gehört neben Belladonna und Hyoscyamus zu den
sogenannten Hexenkräutern und ist somit in der Gruppe der Solanaceae
angesiedelt. Alle Solanaceae haben etwas Sinistres, Dunkles und
Gefährliches: Bei Stramonium ist es die Gewalttätigkeit. Hierzu
dient uns als Protagonist in exemplarischer Weise Caravaggio. Etliche
Kasuistiken aus der heutigen Praxis – sozusagen „kleine
Caravaggios“ – unterstreichen das Gesagte.
Die Nationale Demenzstrategie
Authors: Jessen Frank
Published: May 2022

Im Jahr 2020 wurde die unter der Leitung des Bundesministeriums für
Gesundheit, des Bundesministeriums für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und
Jugend und der Deutschen Alzheimer Gesellschaft entwickelte Nationale
Demenzstrategie verabschiedet. Grundlage hierfür war ein
Entwicklungsprozess seit Anfang 2019, an dem wesentliche Akteure der Politik,
der Gesellschaft, der Sozialversicherungsträger, der Pflege und der
Medizin teilgenommen haben. Die Nationale Demenzstrategie hat zum Ziel das Leben
und die Versorgung von Menschen mit Demenz in Deutschland zu verbessern. Hierzu
wurden vier Handlungsfelder definiert, die die Bereiche der gesellschaftlichen
Teilhabe, der Unterstützung und Beratung von Erkrankten und
Angehörigen, der Pflege und medizinischen Versorgung sowie der Forschung
umfassen. Insgesamt wurden 27 Ziele mit 162 konkreten Einzelmaßnahmen
formulierte. Eine Evaluation der Umsetzung soll 2026 stattfinden. Die Breite der
Themen und auch der eingebundenen Beteiligten macht unter anderem die
Stärke der Demenzstrategie aus. Inhaltlich fehlt leider eine Forderung
nach Verbesserung gerontopsychiatrischer, stationär-neurologischer und
stationär-geriatrischer Versorgungsstrukturen in Bezug auf Demenz sowie
nach einer adäquaten Ausstattung und Einbindung von
Gedächtnisambulanzen in die Versorgung. Damit verbunden fehlt
konzeptionell ein Bezug zu dem heutigen medizinischen Verständnis von
Demenzen als Folge spezifischer Gehirnerkrankungen mit präklinischen und
mild symptomatischen Verläufen vor dem Demenzstadium sowie zu der
biomarkerbasierten Frühdiagnostik und zu zukünftigen
molekularspezifischen krankheitsmodifizierenden Behandlungen. Ferner fehlt ein
Maßnahmenpaket zur Ausschöpfung von
Präventionspotentialen durch Reduktion von Risikofaktoren für
Demenz auf der Ebenen der Bevölkerung. Unabhängig davon ist die
Nationale Demenzstrategie von großer Bedeutung für Erkrankte und
Angehörige. Sie kann die Lebenssituation der Menschen mit Demenz in
Deutschland nachhaltig verbessern.
Anatomical Parameters and Growth of the Pediatric Skull Base: Endonasal Access Implications
Authors: Chen Joshua , Pool Christopher , Slonimsky Einat , King Tonya S. , Pradhan Sandeep , Wilson Meghan N.
Published: May 2022

Objectives Endoscopic endonasal anterior skull base surgery has expanding use in the pediatric population, but the anatomy of pediatric patients can lead to limitations. This study aims to characterize the important anatomical implications of the pediatric skull base using computed tomography (CT) scans.

Design This study is designed as retrospective analysis.

Setting The study setting comprises of tertiary academic medical center.

Participants In total, 506 patients aged 0 to 18 who had undergone maxillofacial and or head CTs between 2009 to 2016 were involved.

Methods Measurements included piriform aperture width, nare to sella distance (NSD), sphenoid pneumatization, olfactory fossa depth, lateral lamella cribriform plate angles, and intercarotid distances (ICD) at the superior clivus and cavernous sinus. These patients were then subdivided into three age groups adjusting for sex. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models were fit comparing between all age groups and by sex.

Results Piriform aperture width, NSD, sphenoid sinus pneumatization as measured using lateral aeration and anterior sellar wall thickness, olfactory fossa depth, and ICD at the cavernous sinus were significantly different among all age groups (p <0.0001). Our results show that mean piriform aperture width increased with each age group. The mean olfactory fossa depth also had consistent age dependent growth. In addition, ICD at the cavernous sinus showed age dependent changes. When comparing by sexes, females consistently showed smaller measurements.

Conclusion The process of skull base development is age and sex dependent. During preoperative evaluation of pediatric patients for skull base surgery piriform aperture width, sphenoid pneumatization in both the anterior posterior and lateral directions, and ICD at the cavernous sinus should be carefully reviewed.
A Systematic Approach to Configuring MetaMap for Optimal Performance
Authors: Jing Xia , Indani Akash , Hubig Nina , Min Hua , Gong Yang , Cimino James J. , Sittig Dean F. , Rennert Lior , Robinson David , Biondich Paul , Wright Adam , Nøhr Christian , Law Timothy , Faxvaag Arild , Gimbel Ronald
Published: May 2022

Background MetaMap is a valuable tool for processing biomedical texts to identify concepts. Although MetaMap is highly configurative, configuration decisions are not straightforward.

Objective To develop a systematic, data-driven methodology for configuring MetaMap for optimal performance.

Methods MetaMap, the word2vec model, and the phrase model were used to build a pipeline. For unsupervised training, the phrase and word2vec models used abstracts related to clinical decision support as input. During testing, MetaMap was configured with the default option, one behavior option, and two behavior options. For each configuration, cosine and soft cosine similarity scores between identified entities and gold-standard terms were computed for 40 annotated abstracts (422 sentences). The similarity scores were used to calculate and compare the overall percentages of exact matches, similar matches, and missing gold-standard terms among the abstracts for each configuration. The results were manually spot-checked. The precision, recall, and F-measure (β =1) were calculated.

Results The percentages of exact matches and missing gold-standard terms were 0.6–0.79 and 0.09–0.3 for one behavior option, and 0.56–0.8 and 0.09–0.3 for two behavior options, respectively. The percentages of exact matches and missing terms for soft cosine similarity scores exceeded those for cosine similarity scores. The average precision, recall, and F-measure were 0.59, 0.82, and 0.68 for exact matches, and 1.00, 0.53, and 0.69 for missing terms, respectively.

Conclusion We demonstrated a systematic approach that provides objective and accurate evidence guiding MetaMap configurations for optimizing performance. Combining objective evidence and the current practice of using principles, experience, and intuitions outperforms a single strategy in MetaMap configurations. Our methodology, reference codes, measurements, results, and workflow are valuable references for optimizing and configuring MetaMap.