bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Location of Pediatric Deaths in the US
Authors: Cross Sarah H. , Johnson Khaliah A. , Savage Maura A. , Kavalieratos Dio
Published: November 2024

This cross-sectional study assesses the associations of decedent demographic characteristics and cause of death with place of death among children, adolescents, and young adults.
Bi2O3 Nanosheets for Early Warning Thermal Runaway of Lithium Battery
Authors: Pan Jianbin , Chu Jifeng , Zhang Lu , Bo Kehan , Yang Aijun , Yuan Huan , Rong Mingzhe , Wang Xiaohua
Published: November 2024

H2 and CO are mostly regarded as the signature products before the thermal runaway of lithium batteries. In fact, most small‐molecule gases result from the electrolyte decomposition inside the lithium battery under high temperature. The main component of electrolyte, dimethyl carbonate (DMC) can spill out of the case much earlier than H2 and CO. Herein, it is studied that the gas production of a lithium battery before its thermal runaway, and verified that gaseous DMC is a much earlier marker to warn thermal runaway. To solve the lack of highly DMC‐sensitive sensors, a novel semiconductor gas sensor is fabricated by Bi2O3 nanosheets. It performs high sensitivity and selectivity toward DMC with ultra‐low limit of detection (50 ppb) and high selectivity (>24 times). Notably, in comparison with temperature measurement and other commercial gas sensors, the as‐prepared Bi2O3 sensor detecting gaseous DMC can provide an early warning over 15 min before a thermal runaway happened. So, this Bi2O3 sensor has a great potential for practical application on warning thermal runaway. The in situ infrared spectroscopy and the in situ Raman spectroscopy are employed to investigate the nature behind the outstanding performances, which is ascribed to the direct interaction between electrolyte molecules and Bi2O3nanosheets.
Cerium Oxide‐Armored Composite Latex Particles by Visible Light Emulsion Photopolymerization: From Synthesis to Film Properties
Authors: Schoumacker Magalie , Subervie Daniel , Dugas Pierre‐Yves , Lalevée Jacques , Montarnal Damien , Lansalot Muriel , Lacôte Emmanuel , Bourgeat‐Lami Elodie
Published: November 2024

Cerium dioxide (CeO2) has huge potential in many applications ranging from biochemical engineering to the coating industry. Here, the first example of visible light photo‐mediated Pickering emulsion polymerization of (meth)acrylate monomers is reported using CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) as solid stabilizer. A ω,ω′−dicarboxylic acid diphenyl disulfide photoinitiator is anchored on the surface of the CeO2 NPs and used to initiate the emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and of MMA/n‐butyl acrylate (MMA/BA) under visible light leading to CeO2‐armored latexes. Radicals generated upon light irradiation trigger the formation of polymer chains chemically attached to the CeO2 NPs, promoting their subsequent adsorption on the latex surface. The composite films obtained from the CeO2‐armored P(MMA‐co‐BA) latexes exhibit a unique honeycomb nanostructure with the nanoceria located in the walls giving the materials excellent mechanical, anti‐UV, and photocatalytic properties.
Organic Ligand‐Free Scalable Dual‐Band Electrochromic Smart Windows
Authors: Liu Rong , Li Yiyi , Hu Bin , Long Yi
Published: November 2024

Dual‐band electrochromic (DBEC) smart windows are an emerging energy‐saving technology, especially those constructed from single‐component DBEC materials as they offer an easy way to independently regulate visible (VIS) and near‐infrared (NIR) light. However, the current complicated organic ligand approach used to synthesize single‐component DBEC materials necessitates a post‐annealing treatment, which may severely compromise the scalability of DBEC smart windows. Herein, one organic ligand‐free process is developed to produce well‐controlled Nb‐doped anatase TiO2 nanocrystals (NTO NCs) followed by spraying on arbitrary substrates, giving NTO rigid or flexible films with good DBEC properties and a high optical modulation over 92%. A prototype of a 20 cm × 20 cm DBEC smart window is built. The simplicity and scalability of the synthesis and fabrication process make it a scalable approach to constructing large‐area electrochromic smart windows and foils, with promising applications in fields such as buildings and automobiles.
Valence Band Modification and Enhanced Phonon‐Phonon Interactions for High Thermoelectric Performance in GeTe
Authors: Zhu Jianglong , Li Ruiheng , Tan Xiaobo , Feng Fan , Sun Qiang , Song Pingan , Hong Min , Ang Ran
Published: November 2024

The strong coupling between carrier and phonon transport in thermoelectric (TE) materials severely limits improvements to the figure of merit (ZT). In this work, an approach is proposed to weaken electron‐phonon coupling, effectively enhancing the TE performance of GeTe. Alloying with Zn4Sb3 reduces excessive carrier concentration (nH), widens the bandgap, and promotes band convergence, synergistically improving charge carrier transport and ensuring a high power factor. Additional Pb doping further optimizes nH, boosting the power factor even more. Moreover, phonon transport is suppressed through Pb doping, as reflected in enhanced acoustic‐optical interactions due to the crossing of optical and acoustic modes, and a reduction in sound group velocity. This reinforced strong phonon scattering, combined with multi‐scale hierarchical nano/microstructures in the matrix, significantly reduces lattice thermal conductivity. As a result, a high ZT of 2.1 is achieved at 753 K in Ge0.9Pb0.1Te+0.9%Zn4Sb3. Alongside optimized mechanical performance, a high power density of 1.46 W cm−2 is realized at a temperature difference of 350 K in the fabricated 7‐pair TE module. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of a stepwise optimization strategy for developing high‐performance TE materials.
Origin and Potentialities of the Selective Host‐Matrix Effect in Hydrogenated III‐V‐N Alloys.
Authors: Filippone Francesco , Amore Bonapasta Aldo
Published: November 2024

In a previous study, puzzling experimental results regarding the neutralization of N effects on the bandgap energy in the hydrogenated In0.21Ga0.79As0.975N0.025 alloy were explained by theoretical investigations revealing the occurrence of a novel phenomenon: thermal annealing changes the InGaAs host‐matrix by making it able to exert a selection of the N–H complexes responsible of the N neutralization. In view of technological applications of this effect, the underlying selective host‐matrix model was carefully checked here by theoretically investigating InGaAsN alloys of different compositions ranging from Ga‐rich to In‐rich. As a most important result, such an extensive investigation inspired a comprehensive explanation of the origin of the host‐matrix effect which clarifies how the effect works, firmly establishes its occurrence, gives indications for a bandgap tuning based on a matrix design, sets conditions for its extension to other III‐V‐N alloys and suggests ways to induce fine changes of the alloy mechanical behavior.
High‐Performance Infrared Scene Generation Using a Double‐S Microbridge Photothermal Film Emitter With Ultralarge Array
Authors: Hao Yan , Ling Chen , Ma Changzheng , Li Chuan , Yang Suhui
Published: November 2024

Infrared emitters are highly desirable for applications in infrared imaging and stealth technology. Photothermal film emitters, which are driven by light, have garnered considerable interest due to their excellent photothermal properties and ease of fabrication. However, existing photothermal films often suffer from low photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) and limited array scale. Here, a photothermal film emitter featuring a double‐S microbridge structure is presented, which comprehensively considering the PCE and frame rate. Initially, Si microbridges are fabricated within each microstructure to support the photothermal film. The pattern structure is then arranged into a double‐S configuration to manipulate the thermal conductivity. By optimizing the length and width of the double‐S pattern, high PCE and fast frame rates are achieved. The double‐S microbridge structure photothermal film emitter is fabricated with a 4‐inch diameter, forming an ultra‐large array with over 3000 × 3000 pixels. The absorption and photothermal conversion characteristics are studied, revealing a maximum temperature of 582.70 K and a highest PCE of 16.32%. Time‐dependent photothermal response demonstrated the emitter's rapid heat storage and release capabilities. Additionally, an infrared scene generator is realized. These results position the photothermal film emitter as a promising solution for infrared imaging and dynamic scene generation.
Nanotech‐Enhanced Chemical Energy Storage with DNA
Authors: Tang Xincao , Gao Zhiwei , Li Jian , Ma Yanan , Zhang Chuankun , Shang Hao , Luo Xiao , Man Tiantian , Lai Wei
Published: November 2024

DNA nanotechnology has revolutionized materials science by harnessing DNA's programmable properties. DNA serves as a versatile biotemplate, facilitating the creation of novel materials such as electrode materials and DNA hydrogels for electrolytes and membranes. These advancements have significantly boosted the performance of energy storage devices. DNA biotemplates not only enhance supercapacitor capacitance and increase Li–S battery cycling stability but also improve metal ion transport in perovskite solar cells, enhancing power conversion efficiency. Additionally, DNA's addressable nature allows precise enzyme positioning in biofuel cells, enhancing enzyme cascade efficiency. Overall, DNA nanotechnology offers a potent strategy for enhancing electrochemical device performance and stability through structural engineering.
Advances in Physics and Chemistry of Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Janus Monolayers: Properties, Applications, and Future Prospects
Authors: Chaurasiya Rajneesh , Tyagi Shubham , Kale Abhijeet J. , Gupta Goutam Kumar , Kumar Rajesh , Dixit Ambesh
Published: November 2024

Janus transition metal dichalcogenides (JTMDs) have garnered significant interest from the scientific community owing to their remarkable physical and chemical features. The existence of intrinsic dipoles makes them different from conventional transition metal dichalcogenides. These properties are useful in various potential applications, including energy storage, energy generation, and other electronic devices. The JTMDs are considered a hot topic in two dimensional (2D) materials research, making it necessary to understand their fundamental properties and potential use in various applications. This review covers the fundamental difference between Janus and conventional transition metal dichalcogenide‐based 2D materials. This discussion encompasses the characteristics of monolayer, bilayer, and multilayer materials, focusing on their structural stability, electronics properties, optical properties, piezoelectricity, and Rashba effects. The impact of external stimuli such as strain and electric field toward engineering the ground state properties of monolayer JTMDs is discussed. Additionally, various potential applications of Janus monolayers, including gas sensors, catalysis, electrochemical energy storage, thermoelectric, solar cells, and field effect transistors, are highlighted, emphasizing enhancing their performance. Finally, the prospects of Janus 2D materials for next‐generation electronic devices are highlighted.
Targeting ATAD3A Phosphorylation Mediated by TBK1 Ameliorates Senescence‐Associated Pathologies
Authors: He Yujiao , Liu Yanchen , Zheng Mingyue , Zou Yuxiu , Huang Mujie , Wang Linsheng , Gao Ge , Zhou Zhongjun , Jin Guoxiang
Published: November 2024

Targeting cellular senescence, one of the hallmarks of aging and aging‐related pathologies emerges as an effective strategy for anti‐aging and cancer chemotherapy. Here, a switch from TBK1‐OPTN axis to TBK1‐ATAD3A axis to promote cellular senescence is shown. Mechanically, TBK1 protein is abnormally activated and localized to the mitochondria during senescence, which directly phosphorylates ATAD3A at Ser321. Phosphorylated ATAD3A is significantly elevated in cellular senescence as well as in physiological and pathological aging and is essential for suppressing Pink1‐mediated mitophagy by facilitating Pink1 mitochondrial import. Inhibition of ATAD3A phosphorylation at Ser321 by either TBK1 deficiency or by a Ser321A mutation rescues the cellular senescence. A blocking peptide, TAT‐PEP, specifically abrogating ATAD3A phosphorylation, results in elevated cell death by preventing doxorubicin‐induced senescence, thus leading to enhanced tumor sensitivity to chemotherapy. TAT‐PEP treatment also ameliorates various phenotypes associated with physiological aging. Collectively, these results reveal the TBK1‐ATAD3A‐Pink1 axis as a driving force in cellular senescence and suggest a potential mitochondrial target for anti‐aging therapy.
Assessment of Single‐Cycle M‐Protein Mutated Vesicular Stomatitis Virus as a Safe and Immunogenic Mucosal Vaccine Platform for SARS‐CoV‐2 Immunogen Delivery
Authors: Zhang En , Ke Yong , Ran Weihong , Zhang Yu , Li Ruihang , Fang Xinkui , Wang Lei , Zhang Baohong , Sun Tao
Published: November 2024

The goal of the next‐generation COVID‐19 vaccine is to provide rapid respiratory tract protection with a single dose. Circulating antibodies do not protect the olfactory mucosa from viral infection, necessitating localized mucosal immunization. Live attenuated vesicular stomatitis virus (VSVMT)‐based COVID‐19 vaccines effectively stimulate mucosal immunity in animals, though safety concerns remain, particularly in immunocompromised populations. A viral vector capable of single‐cycle replication may face less stringent regulatory requirements. A replication‐defective VSVMT is developed with its G protein replaced by a SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein (S) mutant, where residues K986 and V987 are substituted by prolines (S2P). This studies show that single‐cycle VSVMT encoding Omicron subvariant S2P (VSVMT‐S2P) is safe in both healthy and immunocompromised animals treated with cyclophosphamide (CP). Significant antibody and T‐cell responses against the spike protein are observed in VSVMT‐S2P vaccinated healthy animals. Intramuscular VSVMT‐S2P administration induces neutralizing antibody responses comparable to those from replication‐competent VSVMT‐S. In immunocompromised animals, lower and delayed immune responses are observed. Thus, single‐cycle M‐protein mutated VSV offers a safe and effective platform for SARS‐CoV‐2 immunogen delivery. Remarkably, replication‐competent VSVMT‐S caused no pathogenicity and elicited potent mucosal immunity via intranasal administration, highlighting its potential as a mucosal COVID‐19 vaccine.
Bioactive Self‐Assembled Nanoregulator Enhances Hematoma Resolution and Inhibits Neuroinflammation in the Treatment of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Yu Wenyan , Che Chengyuan , Yang Yi , Zhao Yuzhen , Liu Junjie , Chen Aibing , Shi Jinjin
Published: November 2024

Hematoma and secondary neuroinflammation continue to pose a significant challenge in the clinical treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study describes a nanoregulator formed through the self‐assembly of Mg2+ and signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) DNAzyme (SDz), aimed at enhancing hematoma resolution and inhibiting neuroinflammation in the treatment of ICH. The structure of SDz collapses in response to the acidic endo/lysosomal microenvironment of microglia, releasing Mg2+ and the SIRPα DNAzyme. The Mg2+ then acts as a cofactor to activate the SIRPα DNAzyme. By blocking the CD47‐SIRPα signaling pathway, microglia can rapidly and effectively phagocytose red blood cells (RBCs), thereby promoting the clearance of the hematoma. Simultaneously, Mg2+ reset the microglia to the M2 phenotype by inhibiting the MYD88/MAPK/NF‐κB signaling pathway, thereby modulating the inflammatory microenvironment of ICH. This co‐delivery and synergistic strategy resulted in a significant reduction in hematoma size, decreasing from 11.90 to 5.84 mm3, and promoted recovery from ICH with minimal systemic side effects. This simple yet highly effective nanoplatform, which involves complex synergistic mechanisms, proves to be effective for ICH therapy and holds great promise for introducing novel perspectives into clinical and translational approaches for ICH.
High‐Temperature Driven Recrystallization for Stable Dopant‐Free α‐FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Xiao Lingbo , Xu Xiaoli , Zhao Jie , Wang Chen , Lu Zheng , Li Lutao , He Liang , Chen Yu , Zou Guifu
Published: November 2024

High temperatures facilitate the formation of stable, high‐crystallinity α‐FAPbI3 films but can lead to the volatilization of organic components in perovskites. Here, a 300 °C hot‐press‐assisted recrystallization strategy is reported to grow stable phase‐pure α‐FAPbI3 film without any dopants. High temperature can promote the transformation of δ‐FAPbI3 to α‐FAPbI3, and induces recrystallization to relieve strain. The applied pressure creates a confined space that effectively prevents the volatilization of organic components in perovskite. The α‐FAPbI3 film prepared by hot‐press at 300 °C achieves an average grain size of ≈3 µm (with grains up to 10 µm) and demonstrates excellent damp‐heat stability, showing no significant change after 20 s in deionized water. The result solar cell delivers a power conversion efficiency as high as 24.06% and retains >70% of their initial efficiency value after 1000 h at 85 °C and 85% relative humidity.
High‐Strength, Thermally Stable, and Processable Wood Fiber/Polyamide Composites for Engineering Structural Components
Authors: You Zhengtong , Wang Haigang , Zhang Feng , Zhang Haoyuan , Zou Chuwen , Zhou Zhifang , Wang Yonggui , Xiao Zefang , Liang Daxin , Wang Qingwen , Gan Wentao , Xie Yanjun
Published: November 2024

Hybrid wood fiber/plastic composites offer a high‐value‐added utilization for agroforestry waste, which also providing a promising solution for reducing white pollution. However, the interface incompatibility between natural wood fibers and polymers significantly impairs the mechanical properties of the composites. Herein, a straightforward procedure is proposed to solve this problem, involving the removal of low‐thermal‐stability hemicellulose from wood fibers by hydrothermal pretreatment, followed by compositing with polyamide to produce hydrothermally treated wood fiber/polyamide composites (HWPACs). No chemical additives are required to improve the interface compatibility of composites, which simplifies the manufacturing process and provides environmental benefits. The effective removal of hemicellulose (78.35%) significantly increases the onset thermal degradation temperature of hydrothermally treated wood fibers (HWFs) by 27.49 °C. This prevents the generation of micro gaps during thermal processing, thereby improving the interfacial bonding strength between HWFs and polyamide. HWPACs exhibit higher mechanical strength (flexural strength 139.45 MPa) and thermal stability while maintaining a low density (1.22 g cm−3). Various lightweight, high‐strength, and multi‐shape materials can be prepared by hot pressing, injecting, and printing HWPACs, suggesting their suitability for applications in engineering structural components.
Hydrodynamic Fluidic Pump Empowered Sensitive Recognition and Active Transport of Hydrogen Peroxide in 1D Channels
Authors: Liu Shuya , Guo Yongxian , Gong Yanjun , Wei Yanze , Hu Qiongzheng , Yu Li
Published: November 2024

Through synthetic chemistry, the development of molecular devices for the precise selective recognition and active transport of small molecules stands as one of the most ambitious objectives in extensive medical, environmental, and biological applications. The periodical channels of the metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with excellent chemical affinity offer vast regulatory space for reaching this goal. Herein, by post‐modifying fluorescent probes and ionic liquid molecules into the Zr‐MOFs (NU‐1000), a donor–acceptor (D‐A) system within the periodical 1D channels is created to construct a hydrodynamic fluidic pump within the abundant 1D channels. Irradiation with light serves to initiate and direct fluid motion, expediting the transport of H2O2 molecules to the active site, thus boosting the sensor sensitivity through gas enrichment. The rapid mass transfer, characterized by a high flow rate and intensified interaction between the D‐A system and H2O2 molecules, enables the detection of H2O2 at concentrations as low as 20 ppb. Besides, with the aid of incident light, the pump system exhibits active transport characteristics by transporting radicals derived from H2O2 against a concentration gradient, reaching a remarkable 10th cycle. The strategy of achieving active transport of small molecules through pore modification holds promise for advancing the development of artificial bioactive channels.
Acoustofluidic Tweezers Integrated with Droplet Sensing Enable Multifunctional Closed‐Loop Droplet Manipulation
Authors: Sui Mingyang , Dong Huijuan , Mu Guanyu , Yang Zhen , Ai Ye , Zhao Jie
Published: November 2024

Droplet manipulation technologies with surface acoustic waves attract significant attention for applications in fluid handling and bioanalysis. However, existing technologies face challenges in automation, precision, and functional integration, limiting broader applications. In this work, a highly integrated droplet‐sensing acoustofluidic tweezer is developed, incorporating orthogonally arranged slanted finger interdigital transducers and a custom‐designed control and detection circuit system. Using a single acoustic device, this tweezer enables switchable acoustic droplet manipulation and detection, providing multifunctional closed‐loop manipulation of on‐chip microliter‐scale droplets. The platform takes advantage of the wideband frequency response characteristics of the transducers, along with an automated droplet detection algorithm, enabling high‐precision detection of central positions, edge positions, contact diameters, and the number of droplets. With this feedback, automated closed‐loop control of various droplet manipulation functions, including transportation, merging, mixing, splitting, and internal particle enrichment, is achieved for the first time on a single acoustic platform. This significantly enhances the precision, efficiency, and fault tolerance of the manipulation process. This droplet‐sensing acoustofluidic tweezer provides an innovative acoustic solution for droplet manipulation technologies in fields such as fluid processing and biosensing, demonstrating significant application potential.
Fabrication of Long‐Lasting Superhydrophilic Anti‐Fogging Film Via Rapid and Simple UV Process
Authors: Jung Jae Hwan , Kang Yu Bin , Choi Chungryong
Published: November 2024

Surface fogging is a common phenomenon that can result in restricted visibility, reduced light absorption, and image distortion. Although both hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces are effective in preventing this phenomenon, typical coatings in both have limitations, including low durability and the need for frequent reapplication. To address these issues, a highly durable anti‐fogging film that lasts over five weeks, even under high moisture conditions, while maintaining a promising degree of transparency (> 60%) is developed. A novel statistical random copolymer containing superhydrophilic and photo‐crosslinkable segments that can be simultaneously crosslinked and chemically bonded to various substrates via a simple ultraviolet (UV) irradiation process is synthesized. Notably, the chemical bonding between the anti‐fogging coating and substrate improves not only the durability but also the resistance to external forces and environmental changes. Furthermore, this film is versatile and applicable to diverse substrates, such as car windshields, polymer films, and aluminum foil. The innovative strategy offers a simple, rapid process and durable anti‐fogging performance with broad applications in the automotive industry, optical devices, and building materials.
Real‐Time Wireless Detection of Heavy Metal Ions Using a Self‐Powered Triboelectric Nanosensor Integrated with an Autonomous Thermoelectric Generator‐Powered Robotic System
Authors: Huang Yan‐Tsz , Khan Arshad , Ganguly Anindita , Kaswan Kuldeep , Suresh Sreerag , Cheng Yu‐Ying , Lee Kuan‐Ming , Yu Jui‐Han , Lin Zong‐Hong
Published: November 2024

The integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) with advanced sensing technologies is transforming environmental monitoring and public health protection. In this study, a fully self‐powered and automated chemical sensing system is developed and integrated with a robotic hand for “touch and sense” detection of toxic heavy metal ions (Pb2⁺, Cr⁶⁺, As3⁺) in aquatic environments. The system combines a self‐powered solid‐liquid triboelectric nanosensor (SL‐TENS) with a thermoelectric generator (TEG), which harnesses ambient heat to power the robotic hand, eliminating the need for external power sources. The robotic hand is controlled wirelessly via an exo‐hand, minimizing the risk of exposure during remote monitoring. The sensing component uses copper oxide nanowires (CuO NWs) coated with ion‐selective membranes (ISMs) to enhance triboelectric output and enable highly selective ion detection. The system demonstrates effective real‐time, on‐site detection in lake water and data transmitted wirelessly to the user. This innovative approach provides a highly safe and efficient method for detecting hazardous pollutants in difficult‐to‐access areas, offering significant potential for wireless and real‐time environmental monitoring and hazard prevention, thus contributing to the safeguarding of human health. This study presents a novel advancement in the field of IoT‐enabled environmental monitoring systems.
Embedding Plate‐Like Pyrochlore in Perovskite Phase to Enhance Energy Storage Performance of BNT‐Based Ceramic Capacitors
Authors: Wang Simin , Qian Jin , Ge Guanglong , Zhang Faqiang , Yan Fei , Lin Jinfeng , Tang Luomeng , Yang Menghao , Pan Zhongbin , Wei Xiao , Shen Bo , Liu Zhifu , Zhai Jiwei
Published: November 2024

Next‐generation electrical and electronic systems rely on the development of efficient energy‐storage dielectric ceramic capacitors. However, achieving a synergistic enhancement in the polarization and in the breakdown field strength (Eb) presents a considerable challenge. Herein, a heterogeneous combination strategy involving embedding a high Eb plate‐like pyrochlore phase in a high‐polarization perovskite phase is proposed. The embedded plate‐like pyrochlore increases the breakdown field strength and promotes the dynamic polarization response. Meanwhile, the strong spin–orbit coupling effect of the 5d electrons is conducive to the maintenance of the high polarization value of the perovskite. Consequently, the prepared multilayer ceramic capacitor (MLCC) exhibits an ultrahigh Eb and a high polarization. More specifically, an energy storage density (Wrec) of 14.9 J cm−3 with an efficiency of up to 93.4% is achieved for the optimized pyrochlore/perovskite phase. Furthermore, the MLCCs also exhibits an Wrec of ≈ 7.7 J cm−3 ± 4.5% in the temperature range of −50–180 °C. Therefore, this heterogeneous combination strategy therefore provides a simple and effective method for improving the energy‐storage performances of dielectric ceramic capacitors.
Crystallographic Texturing of Electrodeposits for Sustainable Zn Anodes
Authors: Tian Xiaomeng , Sun Ying , Li Hui , Duan Xiaoguang , Zhao Qin , Ma Tianyi
Published: November 2024

Aqueous Zn metal batteries (AZMBs) offer a promising solution for grid‐scale energy storage. Nonetheless, their commercial deployment is hindered by pivotal challenges related to the Zn metal anode, particularly the morphological heterogeneity of electrodeposits and interfacial chemical instability arising from irreversible and uneven electrodeposition. Crystallographic texturing during Zn electrodeposition emerges as a robust approach to achieve grain‐refinement and chemically stable electrodeposits, thereby promoting the sustainable cycling of the Zn anode. Despite substantial progress in Zn texturing, a comprehensive review that systematically elucidates the principles and mechanisms underlying irregular morphological evolution and crystallographic texturing is still lacking. Therefore, this review addresses this gap by first examining the formation of these issues from a crystallographic perspective. The review then categorizes and details five distinct induction mechanisms for crystallographic texturing in Zn electrodeposits. Eventually, the review offers future perspectives on crystallographic texturing, aiming to advance the transition from academic research to industrial application of AZMBs.
Expanding the Genetic and Phenotypic Spectrum of Mowat‐Wilson Syndrome: A Study of 10 Turkish Patients With an Intrafamilial Recurrence Caused by First Intragenic Large Deletion
Authors: Kablan Ahmet , Aru Esma Ertürkmen , Atar Süleyman , Gumus Aydeniz Aydin , İli Ezgi Gökpınar , Kayhan Gulsum , Tekin Koray , Silan Fatma
Published: November 2024

Mowat–Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a complex disorder caused by heterozygous ZEB2 gene variations creating haploinsufficiency. The main clinical features are evolving facial dysmorphism, intellectual disability, eye and brain malformations, and various organ anomalies. Our study examines 10 Turkish patients, who had clinical diagnosis, underwent evaluation, clinical investigations, and genetic tests in multiple tertiary centers across Türkiye, and were molecularly diagnosed with MWS. Molecular analysis with sequencing techniques alongside array testing unveiled disease‐causing variations in addition to novel variants, including two siblings with recurrent multiexon deletion. Clinical presentations varied, featuring neurodevelopmental delay and characteristic facial traits and organ malformations across all cases, alongside less frequently reported manifestations such as laryngomalacia or rocker bottom feet in addition to new features such as macroorchidism and osteoporosis. Our findings expand the genetic and phenotypical spectrum of MWS, and hint at potential implications of gonadal mosaicism. While establishing clear genotype–phenotype correlations poses challenges, comprehensive genetic testing remains pivotal for precise diagnosis and management. The study highlights the complexity of MWS genetics, with potential implications of gonadal mosaicism on recurrence. Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms driving phenotypic variability, potential hotspots, and mechanisms for recurrent variations. We report on the largest cohort with MWS from Türkiye.
Einfluss von Chlorid und Elektrolytstabilität auf die Bildung von Passivierungsschichten an der Negativen Elektrode von Mg Batterien: eine operando EQCM‐D Studie
Authors: Schick Benjamin W. , Vanoppen Viktor , Uhl Matthias , Kruck Matthias , Riedel Sibylle , Zhao‐Karger Zhirong , Berg Erik J. , Hou Xu , Jacob Timo
Published: November 2024

Wieder aufladbare Magnesium Batterien sind vielversprechend für die zukünftige Energiespeicherung. Ihre praktische Anwendung wird jedoch unter anderem durch niedrige Coulomb'sche Effizienzen bei der Magnesiumabscheidung und ‐auflösung behindert. Grundlegende Prozesse wie die Bildung, Struktur und Stabilität von Passivierungsschichten und der Einfluss verschiedener Elektrolytbestandteile auf diese sind immer noch nicht vollständig verstanden. In dieser Studie erhalten wir einzigartige Einblicke in die ersten Magnesiumabscheidungs‐ und auflösungszyklen, indem wir Magnesium bis(trifluoromethansulfonyl)imid (Mg(TFSI)2)‐ und Magnesium tetrakis(hexafluoroisopropyloxy)borat (Mg[B(hfip)4]2)‐basierte Elektrolyte, jeweils mit und ohne MgCl2, operando auf Goldelektroden mittels hochempfindlicher elektrochemischer Quarzmikrowaage mit Dissipationsmessung (EQCM−D) unter Anwendung hydrodynamischer Spektroskopie vergleichen. Mit den stabilen Mg[B(hfip)4]2‐basierten Elektrolyten ist hocheffizientes und Interphasen‐freies Zyklieren möglich, während die Bildung von Passivierungsschichten Elektrolytverunreinigungen zugerechnet werden kann. Diese bilden sich und degradieren während des sogenannten Konditionierungsprozesses. Mit dem reaktiveren Mg(TFSI)2‐basierten Elektrolyten wachsen während des Zyklierens dicke Passivierungsschichten mit kleinen Poren. Wir zeigen, dass die Zugabe von MgCl2 bei diesen Elektrolyten die Menge an passiviertem Mg verringert und die stromlose Auflösung der Passivierungsschicht beschleunigt. Dies hat einen positiven Effekt, da wir das effizienteste Zyklieren und die gleichmäßigste Abscheidung beobachten, wenn sich keine Interphase auf der Elektrode befindet.
Highly Solvating Electrolytes with Core‐Shell Solvation Structure for Lean‐Electrolyte Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: He Mengxue , Zhu Lujun , Liu Yatao , Jia Yongfeng , Hao Yizhou , Ye Guo , Hong Xufeng , Xiao Zhitong , Ma Yue , Chen Jianhao , Shafqat Muhammad Burhan , Pang Quanquan
Published: November 2024

The practical energy density of lithium‐sulfur batteries is limited by the low sulfur utilization at lean electrolyte conditions. The highly solvating electrolytes (HSEs) promise to address the issue at harsh conditions, but the conflicting challenges of long‐term stability of radical‐mediated sulfur redox reactions (SRR) and the poor stability with lithium metal anode (LMA) have dimmed the efforts. We now present a unique core–shell solvation structured HSE formulated with classical ether‐based solvents and phosphoramide co‐solvent. The unique core–shell solvation structure features confinement of the phosphoramide in the first solvation shell, which prohibits severe contact reactions with LMA and endows prolonged stability for [S3]⋅− radical, favoring a rapid radical‐mediated solution‐based SRR. The cell with the proposed electrolyte showing a high capacity of 864 mAh gsulfur−1 under high sulfur loading of 5.5 mgsulfur cm−2 and low E/S ratio of 4 μL mgsulfur−1. The strategy further enables steady cycling of a 2.71‐A h pouch cell with a high specific energy of 307 W h kg−1. Our work highlights the fundamental chemical concept of tuning the solvation structure to simultaneously tame the SRR and LMA stability for metal‐sulfur batteries wherein the electrode reactions are heavily coupled with electrolyte chemistry.
Multifunctional, Fluorene‐Based Modulator of Cholinergic and GABAergic Neurotransmission as a Novel Drug Candidate for Palliative Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Panek Dawid , Pasieka Anna , Jończyk Jakub , Gawlińska Milena , Zaręba Paula , Siwek Agata , Wolak Małgorzata , Mordyl Barbara , Głuch‐Lutwin Monika , Latacz Gniewomir , Brazzolotto Xavier , Chantegreil Fabien , Nachon Florian , Zdarova Karasova Jana , Pejchal Jaroslav , Mzik Martin , Sestak Vit , Prchal Lukas , Odvarkova Jitka , Soukup Ondrej , Korabecny Jan , Sorf Ales , Hamsikova Marie , Zemanova Lucie , Muckova Lubica , Vánova Nela , Dryja Pola , Sałat Kinga , Höfner Georg , Wanner Klaus , Więckowska Anna , Malawska Barbara
Published: November 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Given that cholinergic neurons are predominantly affected in AD, current treatments primarily aim to enhance cholinergic neurotransmission. However, imbalances in other neurotransmitters, such as γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), also contribute to AD symptomatology. In the presented research, using a combination of crystallography and computational methods we developed compound 6 as a dual modulator of GABAergic and cholinergic neurotransmission systems. Compound 6 demonstrated inhibition of BuChE (IC50=0.21 μM) and GABA transporter 1 (IC50=10.96 μM) and 3 (IC50=7.76 μM), along with a favorable drug‐likeness profile. Subsequent in vivo studies revealed the effectiveness of 6 in enhancing memory retention and alleviating anxiety and depression symptoms in animal models, while also proving safe and bioavailable for oral administration. The innovative multi‐target‐directed ligand 6 offers a new approach to treating cognitive deficits and BPSD in AD.
Co‐Feeding CO2 for Methylfuran Aromatization over Bifunctional Zeolite‐Supported ZnMoO4
Authors: Xia Shengpeng , Zhao Kun , Gao Yunfei , Fan Yuyang , Wang Chenyang , Yu Tongpo , Wang Hong , Zhang Jinyang , Wang Zhandong , Zhu Xing , Zhao Zengli , Zheng Anqing
Published: November 2024

Aromatization of biofuran offers promising approaches for sustainable biochemical production. However, this process is often hampered by low yields and severe coking on traditional zeolite catalysts. Herein, we report co‐feeding CO2 for 2‐methylfuran (MF) aromatization (CCMA) over bifunctional ZSM‐5 supported ZnMoO4. This bifunctional catalyst can achieve both MF and CO2 conversions of >97 %, generating >85 % carbon yield of target arenes and CO with negligible alkenes (0.05 %). Meanwhile, coke formation is remarkably suppressed from 22.3 % to 8.6 %. ZnMoO4/ZSM‐5 is capable of selectively manipulating the reaction intermediates and pathways of the CCMA reactions, favoring the cyclopentenones‐ and alkenes‐based dehydro‐aromatization rather than the benzofurans‐based pathway. This finding challenges the prevailing understanding that MF aromatization follows a hydrocarbon pool mechanism. Moreover, the abundant surface oxygen vacancies of ZnMoO4 facilitate the adsorption of CO2 and its subsequent reaction with coke. These insights into reaction mechanism and catalyst design for co‐conversion of CO2 and biofuran can offer guidelines for process intensification in biomass utilization with a carbon‐negative manner.
Iodine Boosted Fluoro‐Organic Borate Electrolytes Enabling Fluent Ion‐Conductive Solid Electrolyte Interphase for High‐Performance Magnesium Metal Batteries
Authors: Song Xinmei , Sun Jingjie , Ren Wen , Wang Lei , Yang Binze , Ning Hailong , Zhang Pengbo , Caixiang Zhuoma , Tie Zuoxiu , Zhang Xuejin , NuLi Yanna , Jin Zhong
Published: November 2024

Rechargeable magnesium batteries are regarded as a promising multi‐valent battery system for low‐cost and sustainable energy storage applications. Boron‐based organic magnesium salts with terminal substituent fluorinated anions (Mg[B(ORF)4]2, RF=fluorinated alkyl) have exhibited impressive electrochemical stability and oxidative stability. Nevertheless, their deployment is hindered by the complicated synthesis routes and the surface passivation of Mg metal anode. Herein, we report the design of an advanced electrolyte formulation comprised of tri(hexafluoroisopropyl) borate (B(HFIP)3) and iodine (I2) in 1,2‐dimethoxyethane (DME) solvent, which eventually convert into a Mg[B(HFIP)4]2/DME‐MgI2 electrolyte system upon interacting with Mg anode. The Mg anode reacts with I2 and the electron‐accepting B(HFIP)3, leading to the in situ formation of a solid‐electrolyte interphase layer composed of MgF2 and MgI2 species that can facilitate fast and stable Mg plating/stripping. Compared with the pristine Mg[B(HFIP)4]2/DME electrolyte, the Mg[B(HFIP)4]2/DME‐MgI2 electrolyte exhibited superior electrochemical performance including an ultra‐low overpotential (~80 mV), high Coulombic efficiency and a long‐cycling period over 1500 h. In result, the rechargeable magnesium batteries with Mg[B(HFIP)4]2/DME‐MgI2 electrolyte and Chevrel‐phase Mo6S8 cathode show outstanding compatibility, rapid kinetics, and stable cyclability for over 1200 cycles, surpassing all previously reported boron‐based electrolytes. This work introduces a promising halogen‐enhancement strategy for boron‐based Mg‐ion electrolytes, with the overarching goal of establishing favorable solid‐electrolyte interphases that are pivotal for the advancement and optimization of multi‐valent secondary batteries.
Design of Ligand‐Nonbridging Sites in Metal–Organic Frameworks for Boosting Lithium Storage Capacity
Authors: Sun Lanju , Zhu Chongzhi , Li Lukun , Zheng Rumeng , Yuan Jian , Li Zhiliang , Sun Jikai , Sheng Guan , Wu Hao
Published: November 2024

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are lagging in the use of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), ascribing to full coordination between metal nodes and organic ligands, to a large extent. By integrating a modulator into a ligand with missing bridging functionality, this study elucidates the role of non‐bridging defect sites in MOFs in tailoring lithium storage performance. A fully bridged pristine MOF (p‐MOF) utilizing the meso‐tetra(4‐carboxylphenyl) porphyrin ligand is compared with a modified MOF containing non‐bridging defects (d‐MOF) introduced by a homologous ligand, tris(4‐carboxyphenyl) porphyrin. Spectroscopic and cryogenic low‐dose electron microscopy techniques verify the presence of non‐bridging defect sites in the d‐MOF and reveal their explicit local structure. Density functional theory calculations show significantly enhanced Li+ adsorption energies and reduced Li+ migration barriers at the non‐bridging sites in the d‐MOF compared to the fully bridging sites in the p‐MOF. As a result, the d‐MOF exhibits exceptional lithium storage performance, achieving a high capacity of 761 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 and superior rate performance of 203 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1, which substantially outperform the p‐MOF. This study highlights the potential of modulating MOFs with non‐bridging defects to develop high‐performance LIBs.
Alternating Donor‐Acceptor Ladder‐Type Heteroarene for Efficient Photothermal Conversion via Boosting Non‐Radiative Decay
Authors: Luo Nan , Liu Lingxiu , Luo Jinyang , Zhou Zhaoqiong , Sun Chun‐Lin , Hua Xinqiang , Luo Liang , Wang Jianguo , Geng Hua , Shao Xiangfeng , Zhang Hao‐Li , Liu Zitong
Published: November 2024

The development of novel ladder‐type conjugated molecules is crucial for advancing supramolecular chemistry and material science. In this study, we report a straightforward synthesis of new alternating donor‐acceptor (D‐A) ladder‐type heteroarene, FCDTDPP, and demonstrate its application as photothermal agent for imaging and cancer therapy. FCDTDPP is constructed by vinylene bridge between cyclopentadithiophene (D) and diketopyrrolopyrrole (A) through intramolecular Friedel–Crafts type reaction. FCDTDPP exhibits unique combination of good molecular planarity, efficient intra‐/intermolecular mixed D‐A interactions, and local aromaticity. These features collectively contribute to its broad and intense absorptions with narrow band gap in red band of the spectra, coupled with multiple vibrational absorption feature, thereby enhancing non‐radiative decay process and resulting in efficient photothermal conversion property. FCDTDPP and its nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit superior photothermal conversion performance and stability under 660 nm laser irradiation. Moreover, in vitro studies reveal that FCDTDPP NPs possess excellent biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, and robust photothermal therapeutic efficacy, a finding further corroborated by preliminary in vivo experiments in tumor‐bearing mice. This work charts a novel course for the molecular engineering of organic photothermal conversion systems, propelling relevant research forward.
Crafting Molecular Tools for 15‐Lipoxygenase‐1 in a Single Step
Authors: Louka Anastasia , Spacho Ntaniela , Korovesis Dimitris , Adamis Konstantinos , Papadopoulos Christos , Kalaitzaki Eirini‐Eleni , Tavernarakis Nektarios , Neochoritis Constantinos G. , Eleftheriadis Nikolaos
Published: November 2024

Small molecule modulators are powerful tools for selectively probing and manipulating proteins in native biological systems. However, the development of versatile modulators that exhibit desired properties is hindered by the lack of a rapid and robust synthetic strategy. Here, we develop a facile and reliable one‐step methodology for the generation of multifunctional toolboxes encompassing a wide variety of chemical modulators with different desired features. These modulators bind irreversibly to the protein target via a selective warhead. Key elements are introduced onto the warhead in a single step using multi‐component reactions. To illustrate the power of this new technology, we synthesized a library of diverse modulators designed to explore a highly challenging and poorly understood protein, human 15‐lipoxygenase‐1. Modulators made include; activity‐based/photoaffinity probes, chemosensors, photocrosslinkers, as well as light‐controlled and high‐affinity inhibitors. The efficacy of our compounds was successfully established through the provision of on demand inhibition and labeling of our target protein in vitro, in cellulo and in vivo; thus, proving that this technology has promising potential for applications in many complex biological systems.
Redox‐Tunable Ring Expansion Enabled By A Single‐Component Electrophilic Nitrogen Atom Synthon
Authors: Kelly Patrick Q. , Keramati Nikki R. , Kaplin Kate R. , Lynch‐Colameta Tessa , Phelan James P. , Levin Mark D.
Published: November 2024

Controllable installation of a single nitrogen atom is central to many major goals in skeletal editing, with progress often gated by the availability of an appropriate N‐atom source. Here we introduce a novel reagent, termed DNIBX, based on dibenzoazabicycloheptadiene (dbabh), which allows the electrophilic installation of dbabh to organic substrates. When indanone β‐ketoesters are aminated by DNIBX, the resulting products undergo divergent ring expansions depending on the mode of activation, producing heterocycles in differing oxidation states under thermal and photochemical conditions. The mechanism of each transformation is discussed, and the different reactivity modes of the indanone‐dbabh adducts are compared to other nitrogenous precursors.
Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols and Olefins Using Ru NPs Decorated on Functionalized PNIPAM Grafted Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Kafshboran Hadieh Rahbar , Ghasemi Soheila
Published: November 2024

A thermo‐responsive ruthenium catalyst was produced by immobilizing poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) on the silica surface coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Si). After being exposed to ethylenediamine, the amino‐modified support (Fe3O4@Si‐PNIPAM‐NH2) was produced, and Fe3O4@Si‐PNIPAM‐NH2‐EDTA was made in the ensuing reaction with EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid). Ru NPs were introduced to the modified magnetic support to create a well‐organized heterogeneous catalytic system with several advantages, such as enabling catalyst recycling and simple separation. This new catalyst was characterized by means of various techniques, including TGA, ICP, FT‐IR, DLS, TEM, SEM, EDX, VSM, XRD, CHN, and XPS. In the presence of H2O2 or air alone, this catalyst showed a significant effect in the oxidation of various alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones. Furthermore, the catalyst exhibited outstanding capacity in the aerobic oxidation of olefines to the carbonyl or oxirane counterparts. A main aspect of this catalytic system is the reusability of the catalyst at least eight times in consecutive runs without causing any discernible loss of activity, structural change, or leaching.