bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influencers for Adoption of Robots in Indian Construction Industry
Authors: Jain Sachin , Phadtare Milind T.
Published: July 2016

Robots are developed for various construction processes and used in countries such as the USA, Japan and China. However, their adoption in India is very limited due to weaknesses in the construction sector. The Indian construction industry is poised to grow at a faster rate due to planned investment. Robots will benefit construction industry by way of better productivity, quality, timely completion, etc. resulting in the growth of construction industry. This paper identifies the structure of influencers of adoption of robots in the Indian infrastructure construction sector using exploratory factor analsis. This structure was validated using confirmatory factor analysis. A total of 20 influencers are identified and grouped in eight factors. Based on these influencers, strategies are recommended to enhance adoption of robots in Indian infrastructure construction industry. Finally the authors identify the influencers that are common to India and other countries in Asia, America, Europe and Australia.
Study of the Local Mechanical Properties of Magnetron Sputtered Nanolaminate Coatings
Authors: Buršíková Vilma , Buršík Jiří , Zábranský Lukáš , Souček Pavel , Vašina Petr
Published: July 2016

Nanostructure coatings based on boroncarbide were prepared using magnetron sputtering technique. The mechanical properties of the coatings were tested using quasi-static and dynamic nanoindentation tests with Berkovich and cube-corner indenters. The fracture resistance of the coatings and the coating/substrate interface was studied. Moreover, the dynamic wear and scratch resistance of the coatings was evaluated by means of impact and scratch tests.
The Effect of Ageing on the Micro-Creep Properties of Radiation Cross-Linked Materials
Authors: Řezníček Martin , Ovsík Martin , Škrobák Adam , Manas David
Published: July 2016

Radiation crosslinking of polymeric materials have placed and nowadays in the field of long-term use of loaded products. This article aims to identify the long-term effect of radiation crosslinking on micro-creep properties. The article compares the micro-creep properties of HDPE measured two years ago with the results of tests conducted under the same conditions and on the same samples now. The effect of time on the mechanical properties of the radiation crosslinked materials was demonstrated in short-term tests. These findings demonstrate the positive effect of time on the evaluated parameters.
Mechanical Properties of Metal-Plastic Composite with Internal Fractal Shape Reinforcing Structure
Authors: Bobek Jiří , Šafka Jiří , Seidl Martin , Habr Jiří
Published: July 2016

This paper deals with mechanical properties research of innovative polymer multiphase metal and polymer composite materials consisting of matrix and isotropic or anisotropic oriented deterministic fractal shapes made by 3D printing. By creating of reinforcing internal structure consisting of deterministic fractal connected shapes is possible to gain unlimited mechanical properties directing. These fractal shapes - placed in multiphase system matrix – are significantly influencing whole material system mechanical properties mainly in case of stress on the limit of strength, proportional elongation on the limit of strength or tensile/ flexural modulus. Fractal shapes are also possible to properly locate, orient or shape modify according to potential material using with goal to gain maximal efficiency of fractal shapes occurrence. Producing of this multiphase system is realized by the help of 3D printing technology. Internal fractal shape structure is 3D printed from aluminium. This feature is in the next step over injected by polymer. So is possible to create any fractal shapes placed in polymer matrix which are by another technology unmanufacturable. Mechanical properties analyse is performed with respect to fractal shape type, fractal dimension, and fractal shape orientation.
The Potential of AE Sensing in the Indentation Fracture Toughness Measurement
Authors: Smazalová Eva , Houdková Šárka
Published: July 2016

In this study, an attempt is made to characterize the brittleness of the material by crack formation with the Vickers indenter. To assess the critical load, the sensor of AE signal was used. After preliminary tests on a silica glass, the methodology was applied to HVOF sprayed CrC-NiCr coating in as-sprayed and annealed state. The critical value of indentation force obtained from AE sensing was correlated with the standard method of crack length measurement with good agreement
Evaluation of Local Deformation Values of Stamping in Comparison with Optical Forming Analysis System
Authors: Petr Jaroslav , Pilvousek Tomáš , Beneš Libor
Published: July 2016

There is a persisting trend in automotive industry to increase quality of parts along with productivity while decreasing the cost. All of those three goals are possible to achieve with help of the optical forming analysis system. However, optical forming analysis system is not always capable of calculating an exact result and there are cases when there is no such system available. Therefore there is a need for verification of results provided by the optical forming analysis system. Finding another method for cases where there is no such system available is also desirable. The dependence between grain size and strain is examined in this paper. The grain size was selected as an evaluating parameter due to its connection to the strain and because it is relatively easily measured. Measuring of the grain size was proved to be an alternative method to optical forming analyses in order to determine the strain of press formed parts.
Effect of Strain History of Steel Sheets on the Mechanical Characteristics of Individual Microstructural Components by Depth Sensing Indentation
Authors: Burik Peter , Pešek Ladislav , Andršová Zuzana , Kejzlar Pavel , Zubko Pavol
Published: July 2016

The macroscopic mechanical properties of steel are highly dependent upon microstructure, crystallographic orientation of grains and distribution of each phase present, etc. Nanomechanical testing using depth sensing indentation (DSI) provides a straightforward solution for quantitatively characterizing each of phases in microstructure because it is very powerful technique for characterization of materials in small volumes. Measuring the local properties of each microstructure component separately in multiphase materials gives information that is valuable for the development of new materials and for modelling.
The work experimentally analyses the effect of strain history on the mechanical properties of individual components in steel sheets by depth sensing indentation. The measurements were carried out on broken tensile specimens.
Impact of Innovative Cooling System on Mechanical Properties of Moulded Parts
Authors: Habr Jiří , Seidl Martin , Bobek Jiří
Published: July 2016

This article deals with the impact evaluation of utilization of innovative cooling system exploiting liquid carbon dioxide injected into injection mould. Process of heat transfer from the polymeric melt and final part solidification has a direct impact on creation of morphology structure of semi-crystalline thermoplastic materials and their ultimate mechanical properties. Usually the heat processes in the production tools are controlled by tempering channels where heat transfer medium circulates (oil, water tec.). This conventional way of cooling has some limitations that cause an uneven distribution of temperature fields on the part surface. Spot cooling system is one of unconventional cooling ways that increase the uniformity of temperature fields distribution on the part surface. This system utilizes the cooling potential of liquid CO2. For the purpose of this study the special shaped insert was designed that was modified both for conventional cooling and for spot cooling system. Flexural modulus very responsively reflects the changes of morphology structure formed by different cooling progressions of the plastic melt and was chosen as an evaluating criterion.
The Influence of High Temperature Exposure on the Wear of Selected HVOF Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Houdková Šárka , Smazalová Eva
Published: July 2016

The influence of high temperature exposure on the mechanical and wear properties of selected HVOF sprayed CrC and No/Co – based alloy coatings were tested. Comparison of as-sprayed and 600°C/116 h annealed coatings’ microhardness, cohesive strength, abrasive and adhesive wear resistance showed that the Co-based Stellite 6 coating’s wear properties were deteriorated by heat exlosure despite of the increase of its hardness and cohesive strength. The heat exposure was found to be beneficial for both mechanical and wear properties of NiCrBSi self-fluxing coating. On the contrary, mechanical properties of Cr3C2-NiCr coating slightly decreased, while its wear resistance slightly increased as a result of high temperature exposure.
Tribological Properties and the Abrasion Resistance Thin Films of Chromium Nitride
Authors: Málek Václav , Bakalova Totka , Kejzlar Pavel , Louda Petr , Andršová Zuzana
Published: July 2016

Chrome nitride (CrN) and CrN/Cr thin films were grown on EN ISO HS6-5-2 tool steel, which has been used as a substrate material. It is a high-speed Mo-W steel with high toughness. Chrome nitride thin films were deposited using a RF PA CVD/Magnetron Sputtering (MS) system at a gas flow ratio of 15/13 sccm of Ar/N2. During the deposition process the pressure in the vacuum chamber was 0.9 Pa, the deposition Ubias and deposition time were different. The parameters of the process influence properties of the thin films were microstructure, hardness and adhesion to the substrate, etc. Optimal selection of process parameters is needed to achieve particular property combinations.
The basis of the tribological measurements was the “ball-on-disc” testing method. Tribological testing (EN1071-13:2010) was conducted using a ball made from Si3N4 with a diameter of 6.350 mm, with a constant load of 3N at room temperature and humidity of 40±2 %. A Zeiss AXIO Imager M2 light optical microscope and a Dektak XT TM mechanical profilometer were used to evaluate the wear of the friction pairs at a load of 6mg and the size of the measured area of 200x1000 μm.
The basis of the tribological measurements is the “ball-on-disc” testing method. Tribological testing (EN1071-13:2010) was conducted using a ball made from Si3N4 with a diameter of 6.350 mm, with a constant load of 3N at room temperature and humidity of 40±2 %. A Zeiss AXIO Imager M2 light optical microscope and a Dektak XT TM mechanical profilometer were used to evaluate the wear of the friction pairs at a load of 6mg and the size of the measured area of 200x1000 μm.
Real-Time Measurement of Ion Energies for Heavy Ions
Authors: Yokoyama Akihito , Kada Wataru , Satoh Takahiro , Koka Masashi , Yokota Yuya , Sakai Makoto , Miura Kenta , Hanaizumi Osamu
Published: July 2016

A real-time position detection system is developed for measuring heavy ions with low fluence and energy of several hundred MeV, which are generated from an azimuthally varying field (AVF) cyclotron accelerator. We investigate the photoluminescence of α-Al2O3 single crystals implanted with Eu (Al2O3:Eu), which is used in the detection system. The Al2O3:Eu scintillators with a fluence of 3.0 × 1016 cm−2 are annealed at 500–900°C. The annealing conditions required for the Al2O3:Eu scintillators to obtain the maximum luminescence are 0.5 h at 600°C. The scintillator is placed on the AVF cyclotron target stage under atmospheric pressure and is irradiated by 260-MeV Ne. An inverted confocal microscope with a ×10 objective lens is positioned behind the Al2O3:Eu scintillator, and the luminescent images during ion irradiation are obtained by a position-sensitive camera unit with a 512 × 512 pixel electron multiplying charge-coupled device. The images indicate that our online measurement system has a sufficient spatial resolution, since the luminous diameter induced by irradiation with 190 ions /s is almost the same as that of the microbeam.
Spatial Fluctuation Enhancement in Polymer Capacitors Using Immiscible Binary Mixtures
Authors: Maruyama Ryota , Asakawa Naoki
Published: July 2016

A control and utilizability of spatial fluctuations in polymer capacitors using immiscible binary mixtures are described. The spatial fluctuations for the device elements are of particular important for bioinspired multielemental network devices that is composed of elements with distributed electric property. Here we first report that spatial distribution of dielectric properties can be enhanced on the fabrication of SDDE using thermal processing that changes the morphology of immiscible PLLA/PCL binary mixture.
Effect of the Introduction of a CF3 Group to a Silyl-Anchor Azobenzene Dye on Sensitization Property in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Kakiage Kenji , Abe Takuro , Yamamura Masaki , Kyômen Tôru , Unno Masafumi , Hanaya Minoru
Published: July 2016

The effect of the introduction of a CF3 group to a silyl-anchor moiety of the sensitizer on the sensitizing property for the dye-sensitized solar cell was examined by using alkoxysilyl-anchor azobenzene dyes. The cell sensitized by the silyl-anchor dye with the electron-withdrawing CF3 group in the silyl-anchor moiety exhibited higher photovoltaic performance than that by the silyl-anchor dye without the CF3 group.
Measurement of Dynamic Responses of a Force Sensor against Small Impact Forces with Various Durations
Authors: Miyashita Naoki , Watanabe Kazuhide , Takita Akihiro , Djamal Mitra , Yamaguchi Takao , Fujii Yusaku
Published: July 2016

At present, a method for evaluating dynamic characteristics of force sensors against small and short-duration impact forces has been developed. In this method, a small mass collides with a force sensor and the impact force is measured with high accuracy as the inertial force of the mass. A pneumatic linear bearing is used in order to realize linear motion with sufficiently small friction acting on the mass, i.e., the moving part of the bearing. Using this method, the dynamic characteristics of the force sensor are evaluated in detail: small and various-duration impact forces with maximum values of approximately 0.4-6.0 N and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of approximately 0.6-2.8 ms are applied to the force sensor and the impact responses of the force sensor are evaluated.
Impact Response Measurement of Bamboo Shinai and CFRP Shinai
Authors: Kojima Ryosuke , Kitabata Kouki , Bin Du Hong , Takita Akihiro , Yamaguchi Takao , Fujii Yusaku
Published: July 2016

Bamboo shinai is a practice sword for kendo which is the Japanese traditional fencing. The effectiveness of the shock absorption of the bamboo shinai has been shown in our previous study. Although shinai is usually made of bamboo, it is also made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP). The impact response of bamboo shinai and CFRP shinai is compared. As a result, the difference of peak value of impact force between bamboo shinai and CFRP shinai against similar initial velocity is small. Impact response measurement of each shinai has been carried out using the Levitation Mass Method (LMM) which has been proposed by us. In this method, a mass, which is levitated with a pneumatic linear bearing and hence affected by negligible friction, is made to collide with a shinai under test. Because bamboo is natual product, resource of suitable bamboos for shinai is limited. On the other hand, carbon-fiber-reinforced-plastic (CFRP) can be designed to be suitable for a shinai, which has a fixed shock absorption characteristic for an application to the structure of robot arms. Therefore, if the shock absorption characteristic of CFRP shinai is the same as that of bamboo shinai, CFRP shinai is more suitable for the structure of robot arms.
Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin to Improve Corrosion Resistance of Zinc Layers
Authors: Ciubotariu Alina Crina , Benea Lidia , Ponthiaux Pierre
Published: July 2016

The present work has the purpose to study and to evaluate the corrosion resistance of zinc layers and phenol – formaldehyde resin/Zn composite layers obtained by electrodeposition. For the best results it was used different parameters for electrodeposition such as: current density between 3 – 5 A/dm2, time for electrodeposition: 30 minutes and 60 minutes, stirring rate: 500 rpm and 800 rpm. Different sizes (mean diameter size between 0.1 – 5.0μm and 6.0 – 10.0μm) of dispersed phases were used with concentration into electrolyte solution from 10g/L to 25 g/L of polymer particles. The morphology of the layers was investigated by SEM – EDX methods. The surface morphology of composite layers was different as compared with pure zinc layers. By adding polymer particles into zinc electrolyte during electroplating a very good distribution of polymer on zinc layer surface was obtained. The electrochemical behavior of the composite layers in the corrosive environment was investigated by polarization potentiodynamic and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. As electrochemical test solution 0.5M sodium chloride was used in a three electrode open cell.
Polymeric Coatings Used against Marine Corrosion of Naval Steel EN32
Authors: Mardare Laurentiu , Benea Lidia , Dănăilă Eliza , Dumitraşcu Valentin
Published: July 2016

The life time of the metallic materials exposed to marine environment is influenced by their corrosion resistance. The marine environment is considered to be very aggressive to metallic materials used in the marine industry. In order to protect metallic substrates against corrosion process, important efforts have been made to develop corrosion resistance coatings, besides the cathodic protection systems. Thus, during the last years there were developed a series of organic protective coatings that have as principal component one or more polymers. This paper present a comparative investigation regarding the corrosion resistance of: i) uncoated naval steel EN32, ii) coated naval steel EN32 with a two-component polymeric primer and iii) coated naval steel EN32 with two-component polymeric primer followed by epoxy polyurethane paint coating. All the samples have been subjected to corrosion in seawater collected from the Black Sea (Mangalia sea port). In situ electrochemical measurements as: open circuit potential (OCP), polarization resistance (Rp), potentiodynamic polarization (PD) and cyclic voltammetry polarization (CV) were performed to monitor the corrosion process. The results showed an improved corrosion resistance of polymeric coatings in marine environment compared with uncoated naval steel EN32
Simplified Version of Polymer Rotational Molding Manufacturing Method
Authors: Slătineanu Laurenţiu , Dodun Oana , Coteaţă Margareta , Nagîţ Gheorghe , Beşliu Irina
Published: July 2016

Rotational molding is a manufacturing method which supposes the rotation of the mold, during the solidification of the liquid phase material, so that finally a part having a hollow could be obtained. The method could be applied in manufacturing of metallic and nonmetallic parts. Usually, the equipment for rotational molding ensures slow speed rotating of the mold around two axes placed perpendicularly each other and this fact led to relatively complex equipment for achieving rotational molding. The capacity of the liquid material to entirely cover the internal walls of the mold depends essentially on the liquid material viscosity, on the rotation speed and on the movements applied to the mold. Simplified equipment including a single rotation movement could be materialized. In order to test such a solution, a preliminary experiment was designed and materialized, by using a device adapted on universal lathe. Thus, the objective of the research presented in the paper was to study if it is possible to achieve plastic parts made by rotational molding using a single rotation movement. A polyurethane resin obtained from two liquid components was used in order to obtain the liquid material that could be introduced in the mold. The research results proved the possibility to use simplified equipment for achieving a rotational molding process, at least in certain cases and with some technological limits.
INSIST-ED: Italian Society of Andrology registry on penile prosthesis surgery. First data analysis
Authors: Pescatori Edoardo , Alei Giovanni , Antonini Gabriele , Avolio Antonio , Bettocchi Carlo , Bitelli Marco , Boezio Francesco , Cai Tommaso , Caraceni Enrico , Carrino Maurizio , Colombo Fulvio , Conti Enrico , Corvasce Antonio , Dehò Federico , Fiordelise Stefano , Ghidini Nicola , Italiano Emilio , La Pera Giuseppe , Liguori Giovanni , Maretti Carlo , Mondaini Nicola , Natali Alessandro , Negro Carlo , Palmieri Alessandro , Palumbo Fabrizio , Paradiso Matteo , Polito Massimo , Pozza Diego , Silvani Mauro , Tamai Aldo , Timpano Massimiliano , Utizi Lilia , Varvello Francesco , Vicini Patrizio , Vitarelli Antonio , Franco Giorgio
Published: July 2016

Objectives: The Italian Society of Andrology, i.e. “Società Italiana di Andrologia” (S.I.A.), launched on December 2014 a prospective, multicenter, monitored and internal review board approved Registry for penile implants, the “INSIST-ED” (Italian Nationwide Systematic Inventarisation of Surgical Treatment for ED) Registry. Purpose of this first report is to present a baseline data analysis of the characteristics of penile implant surgery in Italy. Material and methods: The INSIST-ED Registry is open to all surgeons implanting penile prostheses (all brands, all models) in Italy, providing anonymous patient, device, surgical procedure, outcome, follow-up data, for both first and revision surgeries. A Registry project Board overviews all the steps of the project, and a Registry Monitor interacts with the Registry implanting surgeons. Results: As by April 8, 2016, 31 implanting surgeons actively joined the Registry, entering 367 surgical procedures in its database, that comprise: 310 first implants, 43 prosthesis substitutions, 14 device explants without substitution. Implanted devices account for: 288 three-component devices (81,3%), 20 two-component devices (5,4%), 45 non-hydraulic devices (12,3%). Leading primary ED etiologies in first implant surgeries resulted: former radical pelvic surgery in 111 cases (35,8%), Peyronie’s disease in 66 cases (21,3%), diabetes in 39 cases (12,6%). Two intraoperative complications have been recorded. Main reasons for 57 revision surgeries were: device failure (52,6%), erosion (19,3%), infection (12,3%), patient dissatisfaction (10,5%). Surgical settings for patients undergoing a first penile implant were: public hospitals in 251 cases (81%), private environments in 59 cases (19%). Conclusions: The INSIST-ED Registry represents the first European experience of penile prosthesis Registry. This baseline data analysis shows that: three-pieces inflatable prosthesis is the most implanted device, leading etiology of erectile dysfunction (ED) in patient receiving a prosthesis is former radical pelvic surgery, primary reason for revision surgery is device failure, primary settings for first penile implant surgery are public hospitals. Evaluation of penile implant impact on recipients quality of life is presently ongoing.
We really need a classification of prostatic abscess?
Authors: Fabiani Andrea
Published: July 2016

Not available.
The management of total avulsion of the ureter from both ends: Our experience and literature review
Authors: Sevinc Cuneyd , Balaban Muhsin , Ozkaptan Orkunt , Yucetas Ugur , Karadeniz Tahir
Published: July 2016

Objective: To evaluate the treatment modalities of total ureteral avulsion and to clarify the risk factors of this serious complication. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the data of 3 patients with complete ureteral avulsion during ureteroscopy. Of the three patients, two had distal ureteral complete avulsion, and one total ureteral avulsion on both ends. Ureteroneocystostomy (UNC) was immediately performed after distal ureteral avulsion cases. Ileal ureter substition was performed on the same session after the total ureteral avulsion in both ends. Two of the patients were under chronic use of corticosteroid treatment due to diagnosis of idiopathic trombocytopenic purpura and myastenia gravis and all patients had unsuccesful shockwave litotripsy (SWL) treatment history with at least 1 month period before surgery. Results: The patient who had ileal ureter substitution was followed at 3-month intervals by ultrasonography and renal function tests and she was uneventful after a 2 year follow-up period. The patients treated with UNC were followed up at 3 month interval by ultrasonography and renal function tests. They had normal renal function 1 year after the operation Conclusion: Complete ureteral avulsion is a rare but severe complication. Treatment modality can vary and ileal ureter can be applied succesfully in the total ureter avulsion in both ends when bladder capacity is not enough for a Boari flap. Failed SWL and/or corticosteroid treatment history of patients seems to increase the risk of the ureteral avulsion.
Management of transient loss of consciousness of suspected syncopal cause, after the initial evaluation in the Emergency Department
Authors: Casagranda Ivo , Brignole Michele , Cencetti Simone , Cervellin Gianfranco , Costantino Giorgio , Furlan Raffaello , Mossini Gianluigi , Numeroso Filippo , Pesenti Campagnoni Massimo , Pinna Parpaglia Paolo , Rafanelli Martina , Ungar Andrea
Published: July 2016

The recommendations enclosed in the present document have been developed by a group of experts appointed by the Gruppo Multidisciplinare per lo Studio della Sincope (Multidisciplinary Group for the Study of Syncope; GIMSI) and Academy of Emergency Medicine and Care (AcEMC). The aim is to define the diagnostic pathway and the management of patients referred to the Emergency Department (ED) for transient loss of consciousness of suspected syncopal cause, which is still unexplained after the initial evaluation. The risk stratification enables the physician to admit, discharge or monitor shortly the patient in the intensive short-stay Syncope Observation Unit (SOU). There are three risk levels of life-threatening events or serious complications (low, moderate, high). Low risk patients can be discharged, while high risk ones should be monitored and treated properly in case of worsening. Moderate risk patients should undergo clinical and instrumental monitoring in SOU, inside the ED. In all these three cases, patients can be subsequently referred to the Syncope Unit for further diagnostic investigations.
Aggressive Lymphoma “Sarcoma Mimicker” Originating in the Gluteus and Adductor Muscles: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Elkourashy Sarah A. , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Alam Syed I. , Ammar Adham A. , Sayed Ahmed M. El , Omri Halima El , Yassin Mohamed A.
Published: July 2016

Extranodal lymphoma (ENL) occurs in approximately 30%–40% of all patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and has been described in almost all organs and tissues. However, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common histological subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, primarily arising in the retroperitoneal region. In this article, we report a rare case of an adult male diagnosed with primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the gluteal and adductor muscles with aggressive bone involvement. All appropriate radiological and histopathological studies were done for diagnosis and staging. After discussion with the lymphoma multidisciplinary team, it was agreed to start on R-CHOP protocol (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), vincristine (Oncovin®), and prednisone) as the standard of care, which was later changed to R-CODOX-M/R-IVAC protocol (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine (Oncovin®), doxorubicin, and high-dose methotrexate alternating with rituximab, ifosfamide, etoposide, and high-dose cytarabine) due to inadequate response. Due to the refractory aggressive nature of the disease, subsequent decision of the multidisciplinary team was salvage chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant. The aim of this case report was to describe and evaluate the clinical presentation and important radiological features of extranodal lymphoma affecting the musculoskeletal system.
A Systematic Review of Effects of Waterpipe Smoking on Cardiovascular and Respiratory Health Outcomes
Authors: Haddad Linda , Kelly Debra Lynch , Weglicki Linda S. , Barnett Tracey E. , Ferrell Anastasiya V. , Ghadban Roula
Published: July 2016

Background

Waterpipe smoking (WPS) is a social custom common in many Middle Eastern, North African, and Asian countries and has become increasingly popular in the US, especially among youth; however, WPS smoking may be increasing in the US adult population as well. There is a common belief among waterpipe (WP) smokers that WPS is less harmful than smoking cigarettes. Thus, this review aims to systematically explore the literature on the effects of WP tobacco smoking with a particular focus on cardiovascular and respiratory health outcomes as well as on oxidative stress, immunity, and cell cycle interference health outcomes.

Methodology

We conducted a systematic review, guided by the criteria of The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, using the following online databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, PMC, and Cochrane Library. Results were summarized qualitatively.

Results

Forty studies met the inclusion criteria established for this review. Based on the existing evidence, several cardiovascular and respiratory physiologic health indicators and conditions have been shown to be negatively affected by WPS. In addition to the effects of nicotine and chemical toxicant exposures, WPS was significantly associated with an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and lower pulmonary function test results, as well as a number of health conditions such as lung cancer, alterations in oxidative stress, immunity, and cell cycle interference.

Conclusion

The current literature provides evidence that WPS is associated with a number of negative health indicators and outcomes. There is need for more research related to WPS and its effects on health so that appropriate campaigns and prevention interventions can be implemented to control the epidemic increase of WPS in the US.
Consideraciones docentes e investigadoras para la Didáctica de la literatura en Educación Infantil y en Educación Primaria
Authors: López Valero Amando , Encabo Fernández Eduardo , Jerez Martínez Isabel
Published: July 2016

El propósito de este artículo es poner de manifiesto los aspectos clave que atañen a la enseñanza de la Litera-tura en los niveles de Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria. Queremos reflexionar sobre los elementos que inciden en el planteamiento y desarrollo de la dinámica de aula en los tiempos actuales. En el texto profundizamos en tendencias actuales de aplicación en las aulas como, por ejemplo, son las tertulias literarias dialógicas, donde se superan enfoques menos flexibles de tratamiento didáctico y se opta por una participación crítica de los estudiantes siendo el profesorado un mediador del conocimiento. Relacionada con dicho enfoque, abordamos la cuestión referida a la selección de textos, estudiando tanto la forma en la que ofertan los textos al alumnado así como el contenido y la naturaleza de los mismos. Un tercer aspecto tratado en el artículo tiene que ver con la consideración de la Literatura como algo integrado en la enseñanza de la Lengua, precisando su contribución a la competencia comunicativa de la persona. Mostramos pues una filosofía de pensamiento acerca de cómo abordar la actuación didáctica en las clases de Lengua y Literatura. Se alcanzan así una serie de conclusiones para la docencia y la investigación centradas en la figura del docente como clave del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje, insistiendo en los tres pilares básicos anteriormente mencionados.
Programas de lectura, prácticas de escritura y educación literaria
Authors: Bombini Gustavo
Published: July 2016

El presente trabajo presenta  los planes de lectura como políticas de estado que no deberían estar sujetas a los cambios de gobierno,  y que son desarrolladas por un conjunto multidisciplinar de profesionales.  No se trata de presentar la ideonidad de las prácticas en el ámbito de la educación formal frente a la no formal o “educación popular”, o de plantear la necesidad de sacar la promoción de la lectura del ámbito escolar sino tratar de englobar todas las experiencias en un espacio de “enseñanza literaria” que se vaya consolidando y creciendo a través de experiencias  positivas que precisan tanto del mediador más cercano como del gestor público.
El laberinto de la educación literaria (o la orquesta del Titanic): cuestiones metodológicas
Authors: Campos Fernández-Fígares Mar , Martos García Aitana
Published: July 2016

Han pasado ya casi 30 años desde que se reconocieron las didácticas específicas como disciplinas con entidad propia, didácticas que se habían ido configurando con el fin de articular cada materia con la manera de hacerla llegar al alumnado. Es así como la didáctica de la lengua y la literatura ha llegado a ocupar un lugar propio dentro de los estudios científicos.
El álbum ilustrado como puente entre la literatura canónica y la educación inclusiva (una propuesta didáctica para educación secundaria)
Authors: Cantero Sandoval Almudena , Pena Presas Montse
Published: July 2016

El acceso a los textos clásicos por parte del alumnado sigue siendo un reto en las clases de lengua y literatura de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Al mismo tiempo, es cada vez mayor la presencia que la literatura infantojuvenil adquiere en esta etapa educativa. Esta propuesta didáctica quiere ejemplificar como, a través de la formulación de talleres, un álbum ilustrado puede motivar y hacer más accesible la lectura de diferentes obras canónicas como son el Lazarillo de Tormes, La Celestina, Fuenteovejuna, Coplas por la muerte de su padre o las creaciones de Garcilaso de la Vega. Igualmente, utilizando los valores que emanan los diferentes textos y, por lo tanto, mostrando su atemporalidad, estos talleres incidirán en la formación de individuos para lograr una escuela y, por tanto, una sociedad inclusiva.
Enseñanza/aprendizaje de lingüística y lengua española en plataformas digitales mediante vídeos
Authors: Polo Nuria , San Mateo Alicia , Gutiérrez Edita
Published: July 2016

La presente investigación presenta un proyecto que busca enriquecer la metodología docente de enseñanza a distancia, mediante la creación de vídeos para facilitar la compresión de nueva terminología lingüística a los alumnos de Filología. La creación de vídeos ayuda en la comprensión de conceptos complejos y acerca la figura del profesor a distancia a los estudiantes. Los alumnos participan de forma activa en su aprendizaje con la creación de sus propios vídeos y se observa que se desarrolla un aprendizaje colaborativo entre los estudiantes.
GPR and IRT Tests in two Historical Buildings in Gravina in Puglia
Authors: Matera Loredana , Persico Raffaele , Geraldi Edoardo , Sileo Maria , Piro Salvatore
Published: July 2016

Abstract. This paper describes a noninvasive investigation conducted in two important churches, namely the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta and the church Santa Croce, both placed in Gravina in Puglia (close to Bari, southern Italy). The church of Santa Croce, now deconsecrated, lies below the Cathedral. Therefore, indeed the two churches constitute a unique building body. Moreover, below the church of Santa Croce there are several crypts, only partially known. The prospecting was performed both with a pulsed commercial GPR system and with a prototypal reconfigurable stepped frequency system. The aim was twofold, namely to achieve some information about the monument and to test the prototypal system. The GPR measurements have been also integrated with an IRT investigation performed on part of the vaulted ceiling of the church of Santa Croce, in order to confirm or deny a possible interpretation of some GPR results.
Performance evaluation of a throughput-aware framework for ensemble data
assimilation: the case of NICAM-LETKF
Authors: Yashiro Hisashi , Terasaki Koji , Miyoshi Takemasa , Tomita Hirofumi
Published: July 2016

Abstract. In this paper, we propose the design and implementation of an ensemble data assimilation (DA) framework for weather prediction at a high resolution and with a large ensemble size. We consider the deployment of this framework on the data throughput of file input/output (I/O) and multi-node communication. As an instance of the application of the proposed framework, a local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LETKF) was used with a Non-hydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) for the DA system. Benchmark tests were performed using the K computer, a massive parallel supercomputer with distributed file systems. The results showed an improvement in total time required for the workflow as well as satisfactory scalability of up to 10 K nodes (80 K cores). With regard to high-performance computing systems, where data throughput performance increases at a slower rate than computational performance, our new framework for ensemble DA systems promises drastic reduction of total execution time.
Estimation of the return period of rockfalls according to the block size
Authors: De Biagi Valerio , Napoli Maria Lia , Barbero Monica , Peila Daniele
Published: July 2016

Abstract. With reference to the rockfall risk estimation and the planning of rockfall protection devices one of the most critical and most discussed problems is the correct definition of the design block taking into account its return period. In this paper, a methodology for the assessment of the design block linked with its return time is proposed and discussed, following a statistical approach. The procedure is based on the survey of the blocks already detached from the slope and accumulated at the foot of the slope and the available historical data.
The Investigations of Nitric Oxide Influence on Lifespan of Fruit Fly D. melanogaster Transgenic Strain dNOS4
Authors: Begmanova Mamura , Mit Nata , Amirgaliyeva Anara , Tolebayeva A. , Djansugurova Leyla
Published: July 2016

Introduction. Aging and longevity control are among the greatest problems in biology and medicine. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a nice model organism for longevity investigations because of its biological features. Many D. melanogaster genes have their orthologs, similar in other eukaryotes, including human. The role of nitric oxide (NO) in the D. melanogaster lifespan has been analyzed.Methods. Virgin flies of dNOS4 transgenic strain were used for the experiment. This strain contains non-functional additional copies of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) gene under heat shock promoter.  For promoter activation, transgenic flies on their second day of life were exposed to heat shock (37°C) for an hour. After heat shock, flies were maintained on standard medium temperatures at 25°C, with females separate from males. Two types of control were used: Oregon R wild-type strain and Oregon R strain exposed to heat shock. The average lifespan was evaluated.Results. It was revealed that the longevity of females was significantly higher than males in each series of experiments (p < 0.05). The survival rate of females and males was similar in the first month of their life, but in the second month the mortality among males was much higher than among females in all series of experiments. The average lifespan of dNOS4 imago was 31 days (34 days for females and 28 days for males), maximum lifespan was 63 days. In controls, the average lifespan of Oregon R flies was 54 days (58 days for females and 50 days for males), and the maximum lifespan was 94 days. The average lifespan of Oregon R flies exposed to heat shock was 45 days (48 days for females and 41 days for males), and the maximum lifespan was 72 days. The difference between average lifespan in all studied groups is statistically significant (p < 0.05).Conclusion. Thus, NOS-transgene activation results in formation of non-functional  dNOS4-transcripts and NO deficiency. In turn, NO deficiency decreases dNOS4 imago lifespan.
Assimilation and Nationalism in East Central Europe During the Last Century of Habsburg Rule
Authors: Deak Istvan
Published: July 2016

The recent history of East Central Europe has been marked by wars, political and social upheaval, and extra-ordinary economic and technological advances. But few changes are likely to be of more lasting significance than the disappearance, step by step, of multinational states and their replacement by national ones. The Habsburg Monarchy, which once encompassed almost all ofEast Central Europe, was composed of eleven major1 and scores of minor nationalities. Although the Habsburgs were German princes and the main menarchial institution, the Army, used German as its language of command, the ruling house showed no preference for any one nationality during the entire periodof its existence. The multinational character of the Monarchy was weakened, but not eliminated by the Compromise Agreement of 1867, which divided the realm into two associated estates: the Austrian Empire (or - Cisleithania) and the Hungarian Kingdom (or Transleithania). In the first of these states, the German element played the strongest role but was far from dominant, either politically, economically, or numerically. In the second state, the Magyar nation's numerical superiority was precarious at best, but its political domination was very real2.
Shelter
Authors: Britton Laura
Published: July 2016

A short story by Laura Britton
New Representations of the 'Golden Lineage': The Mongolian Folk Rock of Altan Urag
Authors: Hines Jonathan
Published: July 2016

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Rest Assured, We Can Save It All: Creem Magazine as a Working Class Critique of the Late 1960s Californian Counter-Culture
Authors: Hanson Nathaniel
Published: July 2016

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On Not to be Gay: Aversion Therapy and Transformation of the Self in Postsocialist China
Authors: Bao Hongwei
Published: July 2016

In this article, through a critical reading of the published diaries written by gay ‘patients’ who received aversion therapy in south China in the 1990s, I examine how the transformation of subjectivities from gay to straight was made possible by such ‘self-technologising’ practices as writing and communication. I also consider the centrality of the body and affect in the process of subject (trans)formation, and ask how a new, coherent and authentic ‘self’ was fabricated through bodily and affective experiences. This discussion not only reveals the social construction of the self as central to China’s postsocialist governmentality, but also the central role that gender and sexuality play in processes of self-formation.
The Evolving Relationships Between Hospital, Physician and Patient in Modern American Healthcare
Authors: Garner C B , McCabe D
Published: July 2016

This article explores the ways in which health care has evolved over the past few years for patients, doctors and hospitals in the United States, and the impact these changes have made on modern American health care. As the amount of money the nation spends on health care continues to increase at alarming rates, patients, doctors, and hospitals all appear to have greater struggles than before.This inherent disconnection between the changes in American health care system and the satisfaction of patients and providers leaves much to be desired and considered. Before a solution can be found, however, we must first understand the problem.
The Linguistic Influence of the Norman Conquest (11th Century) on the English Language
Authors: Alkazwini Azhar A.
Published: July 2016

In this paper I present some historical facts that took place regarding the Norman Conquest in England, then, I discuss the different Linguistic influences on English which appears to lend support to the fact that the French Normans had a major effect on the English Language. Evidence of some changes that took place on English as a result of the Norman invasion is presented, and finally I shall conclude with the fact that some views may not be as convincing as they were once believed to be. The claim that the Normans did not have any influence on the structure of English is falsified by Lars R.'s. (1975) analysis that proves the opposite, and which is discussed later in this paper.
Comparison of Compass and Humphrey Perimeters in Detecting Glaucomatous Defects
Authors: Fogagnolo Paolo , Modarelli Antonio , Oddone Francesco , Digiuni Maurizio , Montesano Giovanni , Orzalesi Nicola , Rossetti Luca
Published: July 2016

Purpose

To compare the performance of Compass fundus automated perimetry (FAP) and Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA) in glaucoma patients.

Methods

A total of 120 patients with glaucoma underwent 1 FAP and 1 HFA perimetric test over the central 24° on one eye. The chosen eye and sequence were randomized and only reliable examinations were considered for analysis. Mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation (PSD), visual field index (VFI), and the area of absolute scotoma were compared between perimeters. Glaucoma Staging System (GSS2) data were analyzed by means of k test.

Results

Mean sensitivity difference (FAP-HFA) was −1.0 ± 2.81 dB (p<0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.61, −0.60 dB), MD difference was +0.27 ± 2.84 dB (p = 0.36, 95% CI −5.30, 5.83 dB), PSD difference was +0.48 ± 1.95 dB (p = 0.0075, 95% CI −3.37, 4.33 dB), and VFI difference was +2.4% ± 8.4% (p = 0.003, 95% CI −14.0%, +18.8% dB). Weighted kappa for GSS2 was 0.87. Points with null sensitivities were 9.9 ± 10.2 with FAP and 8.2 ± 8.9 with HFA (difference: 1.7 ± 4.0 points, p = 0.013).

Conclusions

Mean sensitivity with FAP is 1 dB lower than HFA, a finding due to different threshold strategies. Differences of global indices for FAP and HFA are small, which makes the 2 perimeters equivalent in the clinical setting. However, FAP seems more severe in evaluating glaucomatous damage, with absolute scotoma areas larger than with HFA. We raise the hypothesis that such difference may be the result of the active compensation of eye movements available with FAP.
Open, Laparoscopic, and Robotic Surgery for Rectal Cancer: Medium-Term Comparative Outcomes from a Multicenter Study
Authors: Corbellini Carlo , Biffi Roberto , Luca Fabrizio , Chiappa Antonio , Costa Stefano , Bertani Emilio , Bona Stefano , Lombardi Davide , Tamayo Darina , Botteri Edoardo , Andreoni Bruno
Published: July 2016

Purpose

Several studies have demonstrated the oncologic equivalence of laparoscopic (LS) and open (OS) rectal cancer surgeries and have shown how challenging LS may become. Robotic surgery (RS) has emerged as a practical alternative, offering interesting advantages in comparison to both LS and OS. The aim of this study is to resolve the clinicopathologic outcome advantages of RS with respect to OS and LS techniques.

Methods

Patients with rectal cancer undergoing OS, RS, or LS were evaluated within the period from April 2009 to August 2011. The evaluations were carried out in 4 Italian hospitals. Perioperative clinicopathologic data, postoperative complications, and 3-year overall and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were analyzed.

Results

A total of 160 patients (94 male, 66 female) were included. A total of 105 patients underwent mini-invasive procedure (40 LS; 65 RS), whereas OS was performed in 55 patients. Anterior resection of rectal cancer was the most performed surgical procedure (139; 87%). Median operation time was significantly longer in the RS group (p<0.01). Regarding complication rates and quality of the surgical specimen evaluation, no statistical difference was found among the 3 groups. The shortest hospital stay (p<0.01) was obtained from the LS and RS groups. The median follow-up was 33 months without any significant difference in overall and DFS rates.

Conclusions

Although RS for rectal cancer requires more time to be performed than LS and OS techniques, the analysis shows comparatively the feasibility and safety of RS in terms of perioperative clinicopathologic and medium-term outcomes.