bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Accounting Information distortion and Dynamic Game Model of Listed Companies in China
Authors: Xu Qin , Bai Zimin
Published: March 2022

Based on the point of view of corporate governance, this paper analyzes the causes of accounting information distortion of listed companies from two aspects of economic interests and administrative interests, probes into the conditions of accounting information distortion of listed companies, and focuses on the problems of insider control, immature manager market, one dominant stock and the false establishment of independent directors. By constructing the dynamic game model of listed company, accounting firm and CSRC, this paper analyzes the important factors that affect the probability of collusion between listed company and accounting firm and the probability of providing distorted accounting information by listed company under Nash equilibrium state, and finally puts forward some corresponding suggestions for the distortion behavior of accounting information of listed company.
Research on the Restoration and Development of Tourism According to the Characteristics of Rural and Urban Groups --- Based on Cointegration and Error Correction Model
Authors: Sun Yaning
Published: March 2022

With the further establishment of the scientific development concept of "green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains", tourism has become an important part of the tertiary industry and an important way for urban development, poverty alleviation and prosperity. It is known as the "sunrise industry". During the epidemic period, even if the tourism industry and its related catering and accommodation fields are greatly impacted, the tertiary industry is still the driving force for maintaining local macroeconomic stability in all regions of China and the key to the victory of the "battle against poverty". Based on the modeling of non-stationary time series, this paper establishes cointegration and error correction models for the relationship between urban and rural residents' domestic tourism consumption, residents' income and social security, in order to put forward reasonable suggestions and measures on how to restore tourism in different regions after the epidemic. The innovation of this paper is to compare rural areas with urban areas, and explore and analyze the different effects and paths of influencing factors. The conclusion of this paper is that for urban residents, the policy of increasing residents' income or reducing personal tax to increase disposable income can better stimulate urban residents' tourism consumption, while residents in rural areas pay more attention to social welfare and security, Therefore, the economic recovery of tourism in the later stage of the epidemic should be developed according to local conditions and different consumer groups.
Research on Problems and Countermeasures of Financial Management
Authors: Yang Wenxuan , Liu Zhehong , Tong Hejing , Chen Zhiwen
Published: March 2022

In the course of my country's economic development, the financial school is not allowed to be ignored. Due to the vigorous development of my country's economic market in recent years, financial institutions, all major financial institutions, asset management enterprises, and securities companies, etc., are urgently demand for financial majors, and these demands also give financial learning. More challenges from development. Today's development is closely related to people's lives and production, but the financial industry has changed a certain change as the economic market changes.
The Adaptive Reductions in Game Theory and their Applications to bOOsting
Authors: Azzini Ivano
Published: March 2022

Starting from a very simple economic scenario, we build on it a game and then we introduce a general strategy able to reduce a regression problem to an equivalent binary classification problem. This reduction scheme (that we call adaptive reduction or also dynamic reduction) can be also used to derive a new boosting algorithm for regression problems named bOOstd. The bOOstd algorithm is very simple to implement, and it can use any learning algorithm with no priori assumptions. We present a conjecture for bOOstd performances, which ensures a little error on training set. More important we can also provide a very good theoretical upper bound for the generalization error. We give a set of preliminary experimental results that seems to confirm our conjecture for bOOstd performances on training set and the theoretical assumptions for the generalization error. We also provide a possible justification of why boosting often does not overfit. Finally, we leave some open problems and argue that in the future an adaptive single boosting (with an unique code) algorithm for binary, multi class and regression problems can be derived.
Rapid Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies With a Screen-Printed Electrode Modified With a Spike Glycoprotein Epitope
Authors: Ameku Wiilson , Provance David , Morel Carlos , De-Simone Salvatore
Published: March 2022

The coronavirus disease of 2019, COVID-19, is caused by an infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It was recognized in late 2019 and has since spread worldwide leading to a pandemic with unprecedented health and financial consequences. There remains an enormous demand for new diagnostic methods that can deliver fast, low-cost, and easy-to-use confirmation of a SARS-CoV-2 infection. We have developed an affordable electrochemical biosensor for the rapid detection of serological immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibody in sera against the Spike protein. Materials and Methods: A previously identified linear B-cell epitope (EP) specific to SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and recognized by IgG in patient sera was selected for the target molecule. After synthesis, the EP was immobilized onto the surface of the working electrode of a commercially available screen-printed electrode (SPE). The capture of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgGs allowed the formation of an immunocomples that was measured by square wave voltammetry from its generation of hydroquinone (HQ). Results: An evaluation of the performance of the EP-based biosensor presented a selectivity and specificity for COVID-19 of 93% and 100%, respectively. No cross-reaction was observed to antibodies against other diseases that included Chagas disease, Chikungunya, Leishmaniosis, and Dengue. Differentiation of infected and non-infected individuals was possible even at high dilution factor that decreased the required sample volumes to a few microliters. Conclusion: The final device proved suitable for diagnosing COVID-19 assaying actual serum samples and the results displayed good agreement with the molecular biology diagnoses. The flexibility to conjugate other EPs to SPEs suggests that this technology could be rapidly adapted to diagnose new variants of SARS-CoV-2 or other pathogens.
Сценарное моделирование коллапса запасов камчатского краба при экспертном управлении эксплуатацией
Authors: Переварюха Андрей Юрьевич , Perevaryukha Andrei Yur'evich
Published: March 2022

Для ряда актуальных ситуаций, когда стратегия управления воздействием определяется на основе решений экспертов и заинтересованных сторон, моделирование биосистем целесообразно проводить в виде набора сценарных вычислительных экспериментов. Сценарный подход позволяет сравнивать развитие для заданной формальными условиями ситуации, имитируя при этом логику экспертных решений и оценивая последствия для биоресурсов. B структуре сценарной модели необходимо включение условий для изменения характера протекания процесса - смены поведения системы и определение нового управляющего воздействия. Предлагается использовать специальную форму представления модельного времени с непрерывными интервалами и иерархией событий, которая соответствует рассматриваемой биологической проблематике. Модель co свойством мультистабильности формируется на основе уравнений формирования взрослых поколений. Эти уравнения изменяются в зависимости от стадий развития и условий воспроизводства крабов. Рассмотрена динамика ситуации, которая привела к коллапсу запасов камчатского краба при нерациональном промысле. Сценарий развивается из этапов с резкими апериодическими флуктуациями численности, которые отражаются переходным хаотическим режимом. Дискретная составляющая траектории модели c гибридным временем и c формализованной логикой экспертного управления описывает момент коллапса популяции как потерю свойства инвариантности аттрактором, который соприкасается с границей своей области притяжения.
Publication in the Australian Medical Student Journal is associated with future academic success: A matched-cohort study.
Authors: Wilton Alexander , Pananwala Hasitha
Published: March 2022

BackgroundMedical student journals (MSJs) help to introduce the fundamentals of academic research and publication to future doctors. It has recently been shown that MSJs can influence doctors’ future academic and professional success, however these findings have not been replicated in an Australian cohort. We aimed to evaluate the association between publication in the Australian Medical Student Journal (AMSJ) and markers of a student’s future academic trajectory. MethodsArticles authored by medical students in the AMSJ from 2010-2015 were retrospectively identified. A list of these student authors was made, with university- and year- matched control students randomly selected from university graduation databases. For all students, data related to academic success were obtained from multiple sources including PubMed®, Google, university databases and author affiliation information from publications. A multivariable conditional logistic regression model was used to assess correlation between variables. The primary outcome measure was the number of postgraduate PubMed®-indexed publications. Secondary outcome measures included attainment of higher degree or faculty position. Clinical speciality was also recorded. Results Fifty-five AMSJ authors (14 case reports, 17 original research, 21 review articles) from 14 Australian universities were included. Publication in the AMSJ was associated with future PubMed® indexed publications (OR 3.43, 95 % CI 1.74 – 6.77, P<0.001) and higher degree attainment (OR 4.05, 95% CI 1.99-8.22, P = 0.0001). AMSJ authors were also significantly more likely to enter into surgical training (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.10-5.84, P=0.029). A multivariable conditional logistic regression model demonstrated that publication in the AMSJ was predictive of future PubMed indexed publication, independent of higher degree or faculty position attainment (OR 2.56, CI 1.22-5.39, P = 0.01). ConclusionWe have shown that publication in a MSJ is associated with markers of academic success in an Australian cohort. PubMed®-indexed publications, attainment of a Masters degree, and entry in to surgical training were all significantly correlated to AMSJ publication. A conditional logistic regression model demonstrated that medical student publication in the AMSJ influences the number of future PubMed®-indexed publications, independent of major academic confounding variables.
Case Report: Unexpected Presentation of Lung Cancer With Isolated Renal Metastasis
Authors: Gulmez Ahmet
Published: March 2022

Lung carcinoma is the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite the use of effective treatments in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC), survival is still unsatisfactory. In this article, I will present a patient who was diagnosed with squamous cell lung cancer (SCC) after an incidentally detected kidney mass was operated with a preliminary diagnosis of Renal Cell Cancer (RCC).
Caterpillar Gut Microbiome: Fungi Are More Transient Than Bacteria
Authors: Šigut Martin , Pyszko Petr , Šigutová Hana , Višňovská Denisa , Kostovčík Martin , Kotásková Nela , Dorňák Ondřej , Kolařík Miroslav , Drozd Pavel
Published: March 2022

Despite increasing studies on caterpillar (Insecta: Lepidoptera) gut microbiota, bacteria have been emphasized more than fungi. Therefore, we lack data on whether fungal microbiota is resident or transient and shaped by factors similar to those of bacteria. We sampled nine polyphagous caterpillar species from several tree species at multiple sites to determine the factors shaping leaf and gut bacterial and fungal microbiota as well as the extent to which caterpillars acquire microbiota from their diet. We performed 16S and ITS2 DNA metabarcoding of leaves and guts to determine the composition and richness of respective microbiota. While spatial variables shaped both the bacterial and fungal microbiota of the leaves, they only affected fungi in the guts, whereas bacteria were shaped primarily by caterpillar species, with some species harboring more specific bacterial consortia. Leaf and gut microbiota significantly differed; in bacteria, this difference was much more pronounced. Moreover, the leaf–gut similarity of bacterial but not fungal components differed significantly among caterpillar species, suggesting that some species have more transient bacterial microbiota than others. Our results suggest the complexity of the factors shaping the gut microbiota, while pointing out interspecific differences in microbiota residency within the same insect functional group.
Effect of external magnetic field on morphology and microstructure of wire arc additive manufacture
Authors: Zhao Honglei , Li Yiwen , Sun Yajie , Dong Zhihai , Liu Huifang , Babkin Aleksandr , Chang Yunlong
Published: March 2022

The longitudinal magnetic field assisted CMT+P process is used for arc fuse additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy. Analyze the forming and organization properties of additive components. The excitation frequency is 40Hz ~ 70Hz, and the excitation current is 4A ~ 8A, during the additive manufacturing process. The results show that the external magnetic field can improve the forming and organization properties of the material, but the size of the magnetic field has a reasonable matching interval. The optimal parameter is when the excitation frequency is 50Hz and the excitation current is 5A. The influence of the magnetic field promotes the flow process in the molten pool, increases the homogenization of alloying elements, reduces the temperature gradient and promotes the equiaxed crystallization and refinement of crystal grains. The surface tension of the molten pool is weakened under the action of an external magnetic field. The size and frequency of the magnetic field affect the stability of the molten pool flow and the crystallization of the molten pool.
Inpatient pharmacy drugs based on mobile information technology in a "carbon neutral" context Research in a closed-loop management system
Authors: Wei Kunxuan , Xie Xuhua , Huang Tianmin , Chen Yiyu , Zhang Hongliang , Liu Taotao , Luo Jun
Published: March 2022

Background
The objective is to build a green and low-carbon closed-loop pharmaceutical management system, to improve the quality of pharmacy services and enhance pharmaceutical management based on the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society Standard (HIMSS), thereby reflecting the value of pharmacists, and improve the level of hospital management.
Methods
By using Mobile information technology and replaced the traditional paper dispensing model and constructing a multi-node information registration system to redesign and reform the hospital information system and inpatient pharmacy workflow.
Results
After the transformation, the entire process of drug data can be traced and closed-loop management, as well as real-time data verification and control, thereby improving the work efficiency, and reducing the drug dispensing time. The number of dispensing errors decreased from 5 cases/month to 1 case/month. The comprehensive dispensing process can achieve the whole process of paperless operation, and reduce the use of A4 paper by 180,000 pieces per year.
Conclusions
Mobile information technology is highly expandable and suitable for continuous innovation and improvement of pharmacy services, the levels of drug management and hospital quality management can be improved, the safety of medication for inpatients can be guaranteed, and the usage of A4 paper can be significantly reduced by continuous iterative improvement of technology.
Superoxide Dismutase Due to Occupational Metals Exposure to Nickel on Mutant p53 Dental Technicians
Authors: Berniyanti Titiek , Marhazlinda Marhazlinda , Palupi Retno , Dhinugrahini Bhetari Dwitya
Published: March 2022

BackgroundNickel levels in dental technicians' blood serum are significantly linked to the generation of free radicals and catalyze the development of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (ROS). An increase in ROS causes oxidative stress and a p53 gene mutation. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are important antioxidant enzymes that help the body fight oxidative stress.PurposeThe goal of this study is to see if dental technician occupational exposure to Ni contributes to the occurrence of p53 mutations and lower SOD activity in dental technicians.MethodsBlood samples were taken for 3 types of tests, namely Ni examination, with Atomic Absorbance Spectrophotometry (AAS), p53 mutant protein examination by ELISA method, and examination of SOD enzyme activity by Assay Method.ResultThe concentration of nickel in dental technicians' blood samples is higher than in controls. Dental technician blood samples have lower levels of SOD than controls. Between dental technicians and controllers, there is a major difference. A negative connection exists between Ni and SOD, a positive correlation exists between Ni and p53mutant, and a negative correlation exists between SOD and p53mutant, according to the Spearman correlation test.ConclusionA high nickel concentration in the blood serum of a dental worker raises the level of p53 mutants and lowers SOD activity, because p53 mutants have a negative dominant effect on wild p53 types, if wild-type p53 levels decline, p53 mutant levels may rise. Trial Registration: No: 149 / HRECC.FODM / VIII / 2017.
Evaluation of Clinical Outcomes After Remdesivir Therapy in Patients with Moderately Severe Covid-19 Disease. Prospective Study
Authors: Liaqat Anam , Zafar Iqra Ali , Asad Muhammad , Alffenaar Jan-Willem
Published: March 2022

Background
Despite the fact that a number of therapeutic agents have been tested for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), no antiviral agents have yet been proven to be effective.
Objectives
This study aims to evaluate the favorable clinical outcomes after remdesivir treatment in hospitalized patients with moderately severe COVID-19 disease in Pakistan.
Methods
A prospective study in hospitalized patients with moderately severe Covid-19 disease was conducted between January 2021- October 2021. The patients were divided into remdesivir-treated and control groups. The Remdesivir-treated group received 200mg IV, followed by 100mg once daily for four days. In addition to standard care, all patients received corticosteroid therapy. The clinical status of remdesivir patients was assessed after the 5th day of treatment, including proportion negative polymerase chain reaction test for COVID-19, length of hospitalization, improvement in oxygen demand, and effects on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Multivariate analysis and paired sample T-test were performed to evaluate a favorable response to remdesivir treatment and results were compared with a control group.
Result
In total, 328 patients were enrolled in the study, with 162 of them receiving IV remdesivir on the day of admission. The C-reactive protein level in the remdesivir treated group [median 22.0 (14.0–36.7)] was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than in the remdesivir naive group [median 79.1 (57.4–139.0)]. The number of days spent in the hospital was significantly different between the remdesivir-treated and remdesivir-naive groups [6.2 0.5] (p < 0.001). In the remdesivir-treated group, 36.7% of patients were discharged with a negative PCR, compared to 21.6% in the control group (p < 0.001). In comparison to the control group, the remdesivir treated group showed a significant improvement in the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
The remdesivir treatment was found to be superior to improve clinical outcomes among moderately severe Covid-19 disease patients.
Application value of echocardiography in minimally invasive thoracoscopic mitral valvuloplasty during perioperative period
Authors: Xiong Cui , Zheng Yi , Wang Jing , Xu Jinghong , Hu Qi , Wang Ceng
Published: March 2022

Objective
This study retrospectively analysed patients undergoing thoracoscopic mitral valvuloplasty in our hospital from 2019 to 2020 and discussed the value of echocardiography (including three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography and transthoracic echocardiography) in the perioperative period.
Methods
In the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery of our hospital, 57 patients needing surgical treatment were screened by echocardiography. Ultrasonography was performed preoperatively (G1) and 1 week (G2) and 3 months (G3) postoperatively for each patient. The doctor recorded the left atrial anteroposterior diameter (LAD), left ventricular anteroposterior diameter (LVD), mitral orifice velocity (MV), mitral pressure of gradient (MVG), and ejection fraction (EF), which were used to observe and compare the left heart reconstruction and mitral valve repair to provide an imaging basis for clinicians to choose the most appropriate valve model. Transoesophageal echocardiography was also performed preoperatively to provide an imaging basis for clinicians to choose the most appropriate valve model.
Results
The results from the three ultrasound examinations showed statistically significant differences among EF, LAD, and LVD. The intraoperative transoesophageal ultrasound measurement of the mitral regurgitation area (S2, 9.57 ± 1.47) was greater than the preoperative transthoracic ultrasound measurement of the mitral regurgitation area (S1, 8.83 ± 2.01), and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
3D-transoesophageal echocardiography is a convincing imaging examination that can assist cardiologists in formulating the most appropriate surgical plan. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is less invasive and easier to operate compared to transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The use of perioperative TTE can help detect new heart conditions in emergency and surgical patients in a timely manner and determine the factors that cause hemodynamic instability, which has a positive effect on the perioperative management of such patients.
The co-administration of live fowlpox and Newcastle disease vaccines by non-invasive routes to chickens reared by smallholders in Tanzania and Nepal.
Authors: Andrews Stuart , Makundi Asanteli , Mwanadota Julius , Shivakoti Sakar , Shah Bikas Raj , Poole E. Jane , Salt Jeremy , Stuke Kristin
Published: March 2022

The co-administration of commercial live fowlpox (FP) and Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines when given by non-invasive (needle-free) routes was demonstrated to be safe and to elicit immunity in two field studies, one in Tanzania the other in Nepal. Both studies were of a cluster-randomised controlled design in which birds were randomly assigned to one of five treatment groups: (i) administration with FP vaccine alone (feather follicle), (ii) administration with ND vaccine alone (eye-drop), (iii) concurrent administration of FP (feather follicle) and ND (eye-drop) vaccines, (iv) concurrent administration of FP (wing-web) and ND (eye-drop) vaccines, and (v) unvaccinated, acting as environmental sentinels. Data from a total of 1167 birds from seven villages in Hanang District of Tanzania together with 1037 birds from eleven villages in Dhading District of Nepal were collected over a period of 21 and 28 days, respectively. Immune responses to FP vaccination were evaluated by local take reactions while those to ND vaccination were evaluated serologically by haemagglutination inhibition test. Both studies demonstrated that the concurrent vaccination of free-range, indigenous breeds of chickens with live FP and ND vaccines, both administered by non-invasive routes, was safe and induced levels of immunity against FP and ND that were non-inferior to the administration of FP and ND vaccines alone. These findings are important to appropriately trained small-scale backyard poultry farmers as well as to paraprofessionals and community health workers helping to increase vaccine uptake and the control of both FP and ND in low- to middle-income countries.
Molecular characterization of Rickettsia spp., Bartonella spp. and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in hard ticks collected from wild animals in Benin, West Africa
Authors: Yessinou Roland Eric , Adehan Safiou , Hedegbetan Georges Codjo , Cassini Rudi , Mantip Samuel Elias , Farougou Souaïbou
Published: March 2022

Ticks and tick-borne pathogens constitute a growing veterinary and public health concern around the world. Ticks are considered to be natural reservoirs for tick borne related pathogens and are equally responsible for the spread of infections in animals as well as in humans. In this study, the presence of Rickettsia and Bartonella species and Anaplasma phagocytophilum was investigated in hard ticks collected from reptiles, birds and wild mammalian animals. The samples collection of this study was carried out between December 2020 and September 2021. Adult ticks (male and female) were collected from wild animals in six districts of southern Benin. Molecular analysis was used to verify the presence of pathogens in all the samples (ticks) collected from wild animals. A total of 504 ticks were collected and grouped into 115 different tick pools. The PCR analysis detected 19 out of 115 tick pools positive for Rickettsia spp. and 9/115 tick pools positive for Bartonella spp., while Anaplasma phagocytophilum DNA was not detected in any tick. Several of the tick species collected from our studied reptiles/wild mammalian animals could be potential sources of zoonotic pathogens when subjected to further investigation. Therefore, stringent attention should be paid to tick infestation of reptiles/wild mammalian animals in order to put in place proper control and prevention measures for tick-borne diseases in the wild, which could serve as reservoirs in the infestation of domestic animals/humans in the event of any possible contact.
Semaphorin 3C attracts MGE-derived cortical interneurons in the deep migratory stream guiding them into the developing neocortex
Authors: Aiello Kiara , Bolz Jürgen
Published: March 2022

While it is known that Semaphorin 3C acts as a guidance cue for axons during brain development, their potential role during interneuron migration is largely unknown. One striking observation is that Sema3C demarcates the pallial/subpallial border and the intracortical pathway of cortical interneurons in the dorsal telencephalon. Moreover, migrating cortical interneurons express Neuropilin1 and Neuropilin2, described receptors for Semaphorin 3A, 3F and 3C. All these reasons prompt us to examine possible roles for Sema3C on cortical interneuron migration.Using several in vitro approaches, we showed that Nrp1-expressing MGE-derived interneurons from the deep migratory stream migrate towards the increasing Sema3C gradients. In contrast, inhibitory neurons from the superficial migratory stream that express Nrp2, do not respond to this guidance cue. In the present study, we proposed that diffusible Sema3C expressed in the Pallium provides a permissive corridor that attracts the Nrp1- expressing interneurons from the DMS into the dorsal telencephalon.
G-CSF Upregulates the Expression of Aquaporin-9 through CEBPB to Enhance the Cytotoxic Activity of Arsenic Trioxide to Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells
Authors: Zhong Hua , Fu Wanbin , Zhu Gelan , Xu Lan , Liu Jia , Han Xiaofeng , Wang Junying , Wang Xinpeng , Hou Jian , Zhao Huanbin
Published: March 2022

Background: Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is widely used for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) treatment, but it can’t show satisfactory efficacy in non-APL leukemia. Aquaporin-9 (AQP9), a transmembrane transporter, is required for ATO uptake. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) other than APL cells express relatively lower levels of AQP9, which limits the cytotoxic activity of ATO in those types of leukemia cells. Recently, we found that granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) can upregulate the expression of AQP9. We hypothesized that the combination of G-CSF with ATO may enhance the antitumor effect of ATO in non-APL leukemia cells. We also aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which G-CSF upregulates the expression of AQP9.Methods: AML cell lines including THP-1 and HL-60 were pretreated with or without G-CSF (100ng/ml) for 24 hours, followed by the treatment with ATO (2μM) for 48 hours. Cell morphology was observed under microscope after Wright-Giemsa staining. Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate the cell apoptosis levels. The intracellular concentrations of ATO were determined by the atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The mRNA and protein expression were respectively measured by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qRCR) and western blotting. Target genes were knocked down by transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA), or overexpressed by transfection with overexpression plasmids. The cell line derived xenograft mouse model was established to confirm the results of the in vitro experiments.Results: Compared with using ATO alone, the combination of ATO with G-CSF induced apoptosis in AML cells more dramatically. G-CSF upregulated the expression of AQP9 and enhanced the intracellular concentrations of ATO in AML cells. When AQP9 was overexpressed, it markedly enhanced the cytotoxic activity of ATO. On the other hand, when AQP9 was knocked down, it dramatically attenuated the combinational effect. Moreover, we found that the upregulation of AQP9 by G-CSF depends on the transcription factor CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta (CEBPB). We also demonstrated that ATO and G-CSF combination significantly inhibited the tumor growth in xenograft mouse model.Conclusions: ATO and G-CSF combination may be a potential therapeutic strategy for AML patients.
​​It's not all Black and White: implicit racial bias extends to other races as well
Authors: Maechler Marvin R. , Chauhan Vassiki S. , McLaren Natalia A. , Norton Samantha M. , Hong Jae S. , Gobbini M. Ida
Published: March 2022

Here we investigated the role of racial attitudes in trait inferences from facial appearance. In two separate experiments we measured implicit racial attitudes using the race Implicit Association Test (IAT), as well as judgments of several traits after brief exposure to strangers’ faces. Results from the first experiment (n=67) suggested that judgement of attractiveness is biased by implicit skin tone preference. The second experiment (n=104) extended this finding by testing four additional personality traits (attractiveness, aggression, competence, likeability, and trustworthiness). In both experiments, implicit racial attitudes predicted differential trait ratings of White and Black faces. Additionally, we found that implicit bias measured with the IAT predicted bias in trait inferences between White and Asian, but not between Black and Asian faces. These findings suggest that an implicit racial attitude could be motivated by a more general tendency to judge White faces differently from non-White faces.
Neuroprotective Effects of Berbamine, Bergepten, and Carveol on Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Faheem muhammad , Khan Arif-ullah , Ijaz Muhammad Umar , Shah Fawad Ali , Khan Abdul Waheed , Li Shupeng
Published: March 2022

Background: The current study investigates the effects of natural chemicals like berbamine (BBR), bergepten (BRG), and carveol (CAR) on paclitaxel (PTX) associated neuro-inflammatory pain. Methods: The induction was carried out by administering 2 mg/kg PTX for a week with a day gap. On 7th, 14th and 21st days, behavioral testing was executed, and tissue was removed for molecular analysis. Results: Treatment attenuates thermal hyperalgesia, improved latency of falling, normalized the changes in body weight and increased threshold for pain sensation. The drugs increased the protective GSH and GST levels in the sciatic nerve and spinal cord, while lowering iNOS and LPO. H and E and IHC examinations confirmed that the medication reversed the abnormal alterations. Conclusion: The aforementioned natural substances inhibit COX-2, TNF-α and NF-κB over-expression, as evidenced by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) and western blot, and hence provide neuroprotection in chronic constriction damage.
Exploring the transmission channels between financial inclusion and green growth: A potential role of ICT diffusion and higher education in China
Authors: Li Xiaoyan , Shaikh Parvez Ahmed , Ullah Sana
Published: March 2022

This research explores the role of financial inclusion in promoting green growth. A theoretical and empirical investigation on the role of financial inclusion in green growth is missing, particularly in combination with other determinants, i.e., higher education and the role of ICT. This research explores the role of financial inclusion, higher education, and ICT on green growth for China from 1995 to 2020. The study employs auto-regressive distributive lag (ARDL) approach for short-run and long-run estimates of green growth. The outcomes of the empirical models reveal that financial inclusion is positively associated with green growth in both long-run and short-run. The effect of higher education and ICT on green growth is significantly positive in the long-run and short-run. The findings thus point to the need for policies that promote financial inclusion, human capital, and ICTs infrastructure as a way of accelerating green growth.
Assessment of Domestic Violence and its associated factors among ever-married reproductive age Women in Cameroon: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Mulat Bezawit , Tsegaw Menen , Chilot Dagmawi , Shitu Kegnie
Published: March 2022

BackgroundDomestic violence (DV) against women is a global issue that affects women in all countries and is a significant contributor to their poor health. Women who have experienced DV, in particular, suffer from the gynecological, nervous system, and stress-related issues. Despite such devastating implications, there is a paucity of data on the prevalence of DV and its associated factors among married reproductive-age women in Cameroon.MethodA community-based crossectional demographic and health survey was conducted in Cameroon in 2018. The participants were chosen using a two-stage stratified selection procedure. To find factors linked to domestic violence, we employed multivariable logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was determined using a p-value of less than 0.05 and a 95 % confidence range.ResultA total of 4,903 ever-married women were included in the study. The mean age of the participants was 31.3 (± 8.4) years with an age range of 15-49 years. The prevalence of domestic violence among ever-married Cameroonian women was 30.5% with 95%CI (29.3%, 31.8%). womens’ educational attainment (higher education) (AOR=0.57, 95% CI (0.36, 1.04)), Husband education (husbands who attended primary educational level (AOR=1.29, 95% CI (1.00, 1.66). Plus to the above factors women whose husband alcohol (AOR= 3.00, 95% CI (2.56, 3.52)), and the region where the women reside in (center without Yaoundé (AOR= 2.54, 95% CI (1.79, 3.60), west (AOR=1.54, 95% CI (1.09, 2.19), South (AOR=1.99, 95% CI (1.18, 2.50), and Yaoundé (AOR=1.72. 95% CI(1.18,2.50) were significantly associated with womens’ domestic violence by their partner in the past 12 months.ConclusionThe present study revealed that the prevalence of domestic violence among ever-married women in Cameroon is high. Womens’ education, husband education, husband alcohol drinking, and the region where the women reside in the country are factors significantly associated with domestic violence.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific antigen-stimulated CD27-CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+ T cells for active tuberculosis diagnosis
Authors: Su Bo , fang Yong , Wang Na , Tang Liang , Yang Xiaojun , Tang Yuan , Li Lin , Wu Wenfei , Sha Wei
Published: March 2022

Background: Traditional bacteriological tests are time-consuming and of low sensitivity for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis (ATB). The purpose of this study is to investigate the accuracy of CD27-CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ for active tuberculosis (ATB) diagnosis. Methods: This prospective diagnostic accuracy study was conducted at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021. Patients with ATB, non-tuberculosis mycobacterium infection (NTM), latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), other respiratory diseases (OD), and healthy individuals (HC) were enrolled. The accuracy of CD27-CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ and other phenotypic markers for ATB diagnosis was assessed.Results: A total of 376 patients (237 ATB, 38 LTBI, 8 NTM, 50 OD, and 43 HC) were enrolled. The ratios of CD4+IFN-γ+CD27- and CD4+IFN-γ+CD27-CD38+ profiles in CD4+IFN-γ+ cells and the ratios of CD4+IFN-γ+CD38+, CD4+IFN-γ+CD27-, and CD4+IFN-γ+CD38+CD27- profiles in CD4+ cells in the ATB group were significantly higher than in the other groups. The area under the curve (AUC) of CD27-CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ for the diagnosis of ATB was the highest, with a value of 0.890. With the optimal cutoff value of 1.34´10-4, the sensitivity and specificity of CD27-CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ for ATB diagnosis was 0.869 and 0.849, respectively. Conclusion: CD27-CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ might be an effective biomarker for active tuberculosis diagnosis.
An inflammation-related prognostic model risk score predicts the prognosis of Clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Cheng Hui , Zhang Yuxin , Sheng Jiajie , Chen Weijian , Chen Binhai
Published: March 2022

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urinary system, and the prognosis of patients with advanced stage is really poor. Existing evidence suggests that inflammation and inflammation-related genes play complex roles in different tumors, but their role in ccRCC has rarely been studied as a primary research object. Methods: we used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to established a prognostic model risk score for ccRCC and inflammation-related genes and verified its predictive effect on the prognosis of ccRCC.Result: We screened 10 inflammatory differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with independent prognostic value for ccRCC and constructed a prognostic model risk score: (-0.0153×APLNR) + (-0.0073×BTG2) +0. 0225×CSF1+ (-0.0107×CX3CL1) +0. 1888×GABBR1+0. 1528×HAS2+0. 0088×ICAM1+0. 3952×P2RY2+ (-0.0442×SPHK1) +0. 0006×TIMP1. The survival analysis showed that ccRCC with a higher risk score implies shorter survival and worse prognosis. Then we used univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve to confirm that the risk score has a good and stable independent prognostic value. and performed an internal validation of the risk score. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that high risk groups were involved in many pathways related to the occurrence and development of tumors. we also found that the expression levels of immune checkpoints including PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG3, TIGIT in ccRCC in the high risk group were significantly higher than those in the low risk group, and the ESITIMATE tool showed that the high risk group had lower tumor purity and greater heterogeneity. Conclusion: Our study initially revealed the role of inflammatory genes in ccRCC, and provided a prognostic model risk score that could predict the prognosis of ccRCC well, and may provide more information for future research and treatment of ccRCC.
An AIE-Active Probe for Detection and Bioimaging of pH Values Based on Lactone Hydrolysis Reaction
Authors: Li Qiao , Niu Zhigang , Nan Xuying , Wang Enju
Published: March 2022

Cellular pH homeostasis is essential for many physiological and pathological processes. pH monitoring is helpful for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disorders and diseases. Herein, we developed a ratiometric fluorescent pH probe (TCC) based on a coumarin derivative containing a highly active lactone ring. TCC exhibited a typical AIE effect and emitted blue fluorescence under weak acidic condition. When under weak basic condition, the active lactone moiety underwent a hydrolysis reaction to afford a water-soluble product, which gave red-shifted emission. The emission color change from blue through cyan and then to yellow within pH 6.5–9.0 which is approximate to the biological pH range. And the fluorescence color change along with pH value is reversible. Furthermore, TCC was successfully utilized in the detection of the intracellular pH change of live HeLa cells, which indicated that TCC had practical potential in biomedical research.
Characterized profiles of gut microbiota in morphine abstinence-induced depressive-like behavior
Authors: Ji Jinshan , Yan Ni , Zhang Zhengxiang , Li Baoli , Xue Ruiyang , Dang Yonghui
Published: March 2022

Morphine is the most widely used analgesic for pain management worldwide. Abstinence of morphine could lead to neuropsychiatric symptoms including depression. Gut microbiota is believed to contribute to the development of depression. However, the characters and potential role of gut microbiota in morphine abstinence-induced depression remains unclear. In the present study, we first established mice models of morphine abstinence-induced depressive behavior in mice. After dividing the mice into depressive and non-depressive groups, the gut microbiota of the mice was detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The difference in the diversities and abundance of the gut microbiota were analyzed between groups. Then, the representative microbial markers that could distinguish each group were identified. In addition, gene function prediction of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with differential abundance between the depressive and nondepressive groups after morphine abstinence was conducted. Our results suggested that four weeks from abstinence of morphine did not change the richness of the gut microbiota. While, morphine abstinence influenced the gut microbial composition. Several specific genera of gut microbiota were identified as markers for each of the groups. Interestingly, the pathway of fatty acid metabolism was found enriched in the OUTs in the depressive group compared with the nondepressive group after morphine abstinence, by gene function prediction. Our data suggested that dysbiosis of gut microbiota was associated with morphine abstinence-induced depressive behavior, possibly by implicating the fatty acid metabolism pathway.
HS3ST3A1 and CAPN8 Serve as Immune-Related Biomarkers for Predicting the Prognosis in Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Chen Zhao-Hui , Li Jun-Hui , Yue Hao-Ran , Jiang Ruo-Yu , Wang Xiao-Ning , Zhou Xue-Jie , Yu Yue , Cao Xu-Chen
Published: March 2022

Background: Thyroid cancer (TC) tends to be a common malignancy worldwide and results in various outcomes due to its different subtypes. The tumor microenvironment (TME) was demonstrated to play crucial roles in various malignancies, including thyroid cancer. This study combined the ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithm, identified four TME-related genes, and evaluated their correlation with clinical characters. These findings revealed the malignant performance of TME in TC, and the TME-related DEGs might serve as prognostic biomarkers, which can be utilized for prediction of immunotherapy effect in patients with TC.Methods: The clinical and gene expression profiles of TC patients were collected from the TCGA dataset. The ESTIMATE algorithm was utilized to estimate stromal and immune scores and predict the level of stromal and immune cell infiltration. The differential expressed genes related to TME were filtered by the “limma” package in R, and the PPI network was constructed by a string website. KEGG pathway and GO analyses were performed to investigate biological progression and molecular functions of TME-related DEGs. Then, univariate Cox regression analysis were employed to screen four genes correlated with clinical characteristics. GSEA was conducted to assess their roles in the TME of TC. To further investigate the association between TME-related genes and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), the CIBERSORT algorithm was performed. Finally, the malignancy behaviors of the two genes were verified by RT-qPCR, IHC, MTT, colony formation, and transwell.Results: Four TME-related DEGs, LRRN4CL, HS3ST3A1, PCOLCE2 and CAPN8, were identified and were significantly predictive of poor overall survival. KEGG and GO pathway analysis established that the TME-related DEGs were involved in immune responses and pathways in cancer. Furthermore, the malignancy behaviors of HS3ST3A1 and CAPN8 were verified by cellular functional experiments. These results revealed that the TME-related genes HS3ST3A1 and CAPN8 were able to serve as predictors of prognosis in patients with TC.Conclusion: HS3ST3A1 and CAPN8 may serve as valuable prognostic biomarkers and TME indicators in TC.
Efficacy comparison of intravascular versus intra muscular betamethasone phosphate on neonatal outcomes in the cases of imminent preterm birth.
Authors: Kashanian Maryam , Eshraghi Nooshin , Kalani Majid , Bordbar Arash , Eshraghi Nasim , Sheikhansari Narges , Kalati Mahnaz , Norouzi Sara
Published: March 2022

Preterm birth is the most important cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Finding the best treatment regimen of antenatal corticosteroids, in order to reduce neonatal complications, has been under serious concern.Objective:The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficacy of intravascular (IV) versus intra muscular (IM) betamethasone phosphate on neonatal outcomes in the cases of imminent preterm birth.Method:The study was conducted as a double-blind randomized clinical trial. 136 pregnant women with gestational age of 26- 34 weeks of pregnancy and imminent preterm birth (delivery within 24 hours) were randomly assigned into two groups. Group A received intramuscular betamethasone phosphate as a dose of 12 mg, and group B received a similar dose of betamethasone phosphate intravenously. Women were followed up to delivery, and their neonatal outcomes were compared.Results:The women of the two groups (68 women in each group), did not show a significant difference in maternal age, BMI, gravidity and parity, gestational age at the time of admission and delivery, history of miscarriage and assisted reproductive techniques, delivery route, sex and weight of newborns, and Apgar score in minutes 1 and 5. The need for NICU admission, duration of hospitalization, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, surfactant requirement, and intubation were lower in the IV betamethasone group. There were no significant differences between the two groups according to necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and neonatal death.Conclusion:Using IV betamethasone, in cases where there is no enough time to complete the 24-hour betamethasone course due to the possibility of impending delivery, may reduce neonatal complications due to more rapid action.
Robust tumor detection in MRI image with edge-enhanced maximally stable extremal regions
Authors: Radak Mahyar , Bhardwaj Ritik
Published: March 2022

In the paper, we combine an intelligent algorithm for recognizing letters in an image and analyze its steps for tumor extraction in an MRI image. Successfully identify the border of the tumor, determine the location tumor with a limited circle, and determine whether the tumor is present or absent. Tumors vary in shape, size, and location, and may appear in different places with different intensities, so it is difficult to find the exact brain tumor. There are many algorithms, techniques, and applications for brain tumor segmentation and the overall internal structure of the brain in medical imaging, but in the proposed algorithm method, it can be extracted with high accuracy and sensitivity and extremely stable areas of maximum edge.