bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Mo ratio on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TiMoNi alloys fabricated by powder metallurgy method
Authors: Bulbul Sabri , Balalan Zulkuf , Ozgun Ozgur , Ekinci Omer
Published: July 2023

TiNi alloys have good biocompatibility and are widely used as biomaterials in the human body. Mo is a nontoxic element and increases biocompatibility as well as corrosion resistance. Ti-Mo-Ni-based alloys utilized in biomedical applications should have high strength. In this context, the microstructure and mechanical properties of TixMo6Ni alloys produced by the powder metallurgy method were investigated in this study. Five different Ti alloys were obtained by adding a fixed amount of (6%) Ni and different ratios (1, 3, 5, 8, 10%) Mo into the Ti powder. Alloy powders were sintered at different temperatures after pressing with a constant pressure of 520 MPa. In general, the highest density values were reached at 1250 °C. Microstructure examinations were performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy distribution spectrometry (EDS) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) analyses. In the microstructure, it was observed that the grain size and pores increased as the Mo ratio increased. The hardness values increased with the increase of the Mo ratio. However, the relative density values decreased with increasing Mo ratio.
Project Safety Management
Authors: Musostova Deshy , Dzobelova Valentina , Basnukaev Isa
Published: July 2023

An integral component of effective project management is the minimization of economic, technological, informational, personnel, and environmental threats to the safety of the project. Within the framework of this article, the essence of design safety, the main stages and mechanisms for its provision are considered.
Digital tools in education as an integral part of teaching a foreign language in higher school in the context of large-scale digitalization of society
Authors: Karmova Mariana , Khachmafova Zaineta , Khabekirova Zarema , Khachetsukova Zarema , Shkhumishkhova Asiyat
Published: July 2023

One of the pillars of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is quality education. It aims to provide inclusive and equitable quality education for all. Digital technologies have become an important tool to achieve this goal. Technological advances in education have made life easier for students. Instead of using pen and paper, students now use a variety of software and tools to create presentations and projects. Unlike a heavy book, browsing an e-book is easier. These methods contribute to increasing interest in research. The article briefly talks about the need to use digital technologies in education. Higher education institutions are undergoing major changes. They are caused by many factors, the main of which is the large-scale digitalization of society. Digital technologies demonstrate a number of tools chosen for teaching a foreign language in higher education. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the distinctive features of the digital transformation process that has taken place in higher education institutions. In addition, the article considers digital learning as part of the ecosystem of modern higher education.
Nostratic and Monogenetic Theories in Linguistics in the Epoch of Digital Technologies
Authors: Tokaeva A. S. , Abdulvakhabova L. B-A.
Published: July 2023

The greatest soviet Slavic linguist made a revolutionary discovery in linguistics, especially in Indo-European linguistics, proving the distant kinship of the more explored macro-families of languages at that time. The merit of V.M. Illich-Svitych is that he gave the scientific form to the Nostratic hypothesis, i.e. he established systemic patterns between reconstructions. Further research in Nostratic linguistics should lead linguists to prove the theory of language monogenesis. Many linguists have not accepted this hypothesis, including most of the Western scholars. The main burden of proving the distant relationship of macro-families falls on the shoulders of the Moscow School of Comparative Studies and the like-minded collegues of V.M. Illich-Svitych. Today, when the Moscow School of Comparative Studies created several Internet projects and websites to expand etymological and linguistic databases, everything is in favor of the monogenesis hypothesis.
Big Data and its Applications in Various Industries
Authors: Tasueva Milana , Vazkayeva Seda , Akhmadov Ahmedhaji
Published: July 2023

This article discusses the concept of big data and its application in various industries. It highlights the importance of big data in today’s digital world and provides insight into customer behavior and business trends. The article looks at three key industries that use big data and how it is transforming those industries. It looks at the emergence of big data and its various applications in different industries. It looks at the concept of big data, its characteristics, and how it can be used to improve efficiency and productivity in various sectors. It also looks at how data analytics can help organizations gain insights into customer behavior, market trends, risk management, and other areas. Finally, it looks at the challenges of using big data, such as data privacy issues and security threats.
The Use of Information Technologies in the Practice of the Educational Process as a Means of Improving the Quality of Education
Authors: Kagermazova Laura , Masaeva Zarema
Published: July 2023

The article substantiates the relevance of the need to create an online platform for distance learning, which allows to support students with special educational needs. The problematic issues voiced by school teachers during the transition to distance learning during the period of the threat of the spread of a new infection in the Russian Federation are presented. The main documents on the basis of which the children of this group receive education in schools, including the use of distance technologies, are named. The educational online resources recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation are analyzed in order to identify the material necessary for the psychological and pedagogical support of children with specific educational needs. Examples of various sites and Internet portals used by teachers and psychologists are given. The article implements the developed and tested educational standards of primary general education for students with disabilities, which allow each student with different starting opportunities to create conditions for success in obtaining an education.
Formation of Ecological Knowledge of Schoolchildren Through Information and Communication Technologies
Authors: Bulueva Sh. I. , Israilova Kh. A. , Aliphanova F. N.
Published: July 2023

The article considers the process of formation of ecological knowledge of students through information and communication technologies, presents the main types of ICT and their features. Also, the features of the formation of ecological knowledge in children of primary school age are revealed. Psychological characteristics of children of this age, contributing to the assimilation of environmental knowledge and skills. The specifics of the variable programs for the course “The World Around” for elementary school are considered, which allowed us to conclude that it is necessary to systematically use information and communication technologies in the process of forming environmental knowledge in elementary school children. The paper summarizes typical eco-knowledge formed in children of primary school age; the stages and criteria for their formation are defined (motivation-target, creative-cognitive, evaluative-corrective and cognitive, emotional-value, practical-effective, respectively). The results of the study will allow for in-depth work in the direction of the formation of environmental knowledge of schoolchildren. A set of activities using ICT, aimed at the formation of ecological ideas among schoolchildren, can be applied by teachers when working in the field of environmental education.
Features of the Implementation of Environmental Education in the Urban Environment
Authors: Gubasheva Kh. A. , Grak N. V. , Botokanova B. A.
Published: July 2023

This article discusses the features of the implementation of environmental education in the urban environment. The problems associated with limited access to natural resources and the lack of ecological zones in cities are considered. It also provides a variety of approaches to environmental education, offering methods that can help teachers and students to realize the importance of environmental conservation. The article also looks at some examples of good practice in environmental education in cities.
Creating a Virtual (Digital) Educational Environment for Teaching Biology in the Conditions of Technoparks and Quantoriums at School and University
Authors: Arbuzova E. N. , Nazarov S. V. , Fortus A. V. , Yaskina O. A.
Published: July 2023

The article describes the features of the interaction of a general education school and a technopark of a pedagogical university in the implementation of modern biological education. The relationship of biology with other sciences is considered, the types of educational technologies used in the process of interaction are presented, the significance of the digital laboratories of the technopark are revealed. The article considers as a scientific problem the identification of promising areas of didactic research, the expansion of their research field. In the article, the provisions of general didactics are concretized in relation to new objects included in its research field, the problems of didactics of higher education are considered. Also, the article deals with virtual reality, more precisely, its concept for creating a more powerful and useful virtual learning environment than existing approaches to learning based on traditional technologies, by incorporating new technologies and new learning criteria. A method of vector modeling of virtual reality, presented for use in various types of self-education, based on information and communication technologies, educational technologies for blended teaching of biology in high school is proposed and substantiated.
The Role and Prospects of Sustainable Development in Economics
Authors: Isaeva E. L. , Dasuyev M. L. , Makhtieva A. B.
Published: July 2023

Currently, in world practice, there has been a trend towards a transition to a sustainable economy, which implies socio-economic development with an impact on the environment within the economic capacity of the biosphere. The article considers the historical stages of the formation of the criterion of sustainable development in the world economy as a triune model consisting of economic development, solving social problems of society and environmental protection. Examples of government programs and decisions of the Russian Federation aimed at achieving the strategic goals of the country’s development and, as a result, contributing to the development of the global sustainable economy are given. The relevance of the educational sphere in the upbringing of a generation with new thinking based on knowledge, skills, value orientations and behavioral attitudes aimed at the sustainable development of modern society is noted.
Financial Innovation and Digital Technology in the Banking System: An Institutional Perspective
Authors: Tashtamirov Magomed
Published: July 2023

The emergence of digital technologies has significantly impacted the global banking system, leading to the development of innovative financial products and services. This article provides an overview of the impact of digital financial technologies on the banking systems of developed and developing countries. Through case studies, the article examines the adoption of mobile banking, blockchain technology, and robo-advisors by various banks around the world, highlighting the benefits and risks associated with each innovation. The research suggests that while these technologies have led to greater efficiency and access to financial services, they also pose challenges such as data security and privacy concerns. The article concludes that the adoption of digital financial technologies is crucial for developing countries to remain competitive in the global interregional banking markets. This can be achieved through the implementation of supportive regulatory frameworks, investment in infrastructure, and capacity building to enhance digital literacy and skills.
On the Way to the Digital Age - Problems and Prospects of Countries with Emerging Economies
Authors: Kolesnik Elena , Stepanov Vladimir , Pavlova Larisa
Published: July 2023

Digitalization of developing economies is crucial for improving their competitiveness, efficiency and environmental well-being. This study examines the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) and how they adjust their economic and innovation plans to address the challenges and opportunities associated with digital transformation. Despite the existence of imbalances in socio-economic and digital development, the strategic priorities of digital transformation of each country are based on solving pressing socio-economic problems, ensuring the stability and security of citizens. The key priorities are the development of digital infrastructure, education and the formation of digital competencies, as well as international cooperation between the community of nations. The BRICS countries are aware of the importance of digital transformation and give it priority in their economic strategies. The development of digital infrastructure and the improvement of digital literacy are important steps towards improving competitiveness and efficiency, as well as improving the overall well-being of citizens. International cooperation is also crucial in this regard, as it can help countries share knowledge and resources to accelerate their digital development. Digital transformation is gaining momentum in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, but each country has developed at its own pace and with its own unique characteristics. Despite these differences, all five countries have made significant strides in achieving successful digital transformation. The gap between these countries is rapidly closing. The article suggests that traditional measures of digital competitiveness may not fully reflect the progress that developing countries are making in this area. As these countries continue to undergo structural transformations and diversify their economies, they can use digital technologies to step through certain stages of development and become more competitive at the global level. As a result, their digital competitiveness rating may improve over time. However, there are challenges that hinder the rapid achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, such as the level of development of digital infrastructure, the degree of implementation of digital technologies in business and everyday life, the need for education and training for the digital economy. The article concludes that it is necessary to create stable conditions for digital transformation in order to create a solid foundation for sustainable development.
Digital Energy as a Factor of Economic Development of the Region
Authors: Rakhimova Bella , Aslakhanova Seda
Published: July 2023

The greatest soviet Slavic linguist made a revolutionary discovery in linguistics, especially in Indo-European linguistics, proving the distant kinship of the more explored macro-families of languages at that time. The merit of V.M. Illich-Svitych is that he gave the scientific form to the Nostratic hypothesis, i.e. he established systemic patterns between reconstructions. Further research in Nostratic linguistics should lead linguists to prove the theory of language monogenesis. Many linguists have not accepted this hypothesis, including most of the Western scholars. The main burden of proving the distant relationship of macro-families falls on the shoulders of the Moscow School of Comparative Studies and the like-minded collegues of V.M. Illich-Svitych. Today, when the Moscow School of Comparative Studies created several Internet projects and websites to expand etymological and linguistic databases, everything is in favor of the monogenesis hypothesis.
Development of Socio-Ecological Systems in Modern Conditions
Authors: Musostov Zelimkhan , Berkaeva Albina , Tkachenko Vladimir
Published: July 2023

Currently, the sustainable development of enterprises, industries, regions and the national economy as a whole depends on the level of their competitiveness. The complication of business systems, the growth of competition, the widespread processes of globalization and integration require a balanced and reasonable approach to the development of management decisions in this area. An obstacle to the successful functioning of socio-ecological systems within economics are the factors of external and internal instability, which are even more intensified in the face of global uncertainty. Within the framework of this article, questions of the development of socio-ecological systems in modern conditions are considered.
Analysis of Sectoral and Regional Wage Differentiation in the Russian Economy in 2005-2013
Authors: Gishkaeva L. L. , Ortskhanova M. A. , Kokurkhaeva R. M.-B.
Published: July 2023

This article is devoted to the consideration of indicators of sectoral and regional differentiation of wages in the Russian economy in the context of the development of a market economy. The author notes that one of the main conditions for the effective operation of the market mechanism was the transformation of labor power into a commodity. The indicators of sectoral and regional differentiation in wages in the Russian labor market in 2005-2013 are studied, its causes are identified, among which one can note the presence of fierce competition among private enterprises, the ratio of supply and demand in the labor market, etc. It was determined that in terms of the nominal average monthly wage, the Chechen Republic lagged behind many Russian regions in the period under review. The same situation was observed in the Chechen-Ingush Republic both in 1985 and in 1990, which was behind many autonomous republics of the Russian Federation in this indicator. Great importance in the work is given to the need to develop in the Russian economy a system of “social partnership”, which provides more flexible interaction between employees and employers when concluding labor contracts. The author notes that in countries where the majority of workers were covered by the form of social partnership, labor conflicts were less common and there were fewer sectoral differences.
Assessment of the Possibilities and Prospects for the Use of Quasi-PPP Forms in the Economic Policy of the Regions
Authors: Shor Inna , Shelestova Dildarakhon , Zemlyanskaya Stella , Galamian Lyubov
Published: July 2023

Modern practice substantiates the leading role of public-private partnership (hereinafter referred to as PPP) in the implementation of regional economic policy since it helps to resolve large-scale infrastructure issues which are crucial for the sustainable development of our country’s regions. In all the diversity of such partnerships, a special place is occupied by quasi-PPP with high controllability on the part of the public partner which is especially important under unstable conditions. This fact predetermines the purpose of the study which is to assess the possibilities and prospects for the use of quasi-PPP in the economic policy of the regions. The methodological basis of the study is the general scientific method of dialectical cognition of economic phenomena. To meet the purpose of the study, a classification of quasi-PPP was developed, their strengths and weaknesses, as well as the results of practical use in Russia were analyzed. All the aforementioned helps to assess the possibilities of using quasi-PPPs from the standpoint of the state, business, and the population and assess their prospects at the regional level. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the findings in the implementation of regional economic policy.
The Role of Recovery Staffing Committees Autonomy (by the Example of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR and Kalmyk Autonomous Region)
Authors: Tsutsulaeva Sapiyat
Published: July 2023

A characteristic feature of the Soviet state was the fact that for holding events of special importance in the country, by decision of the government, Organizing Committees were created - special temporary executive bodies. This practice continues to this day. Back in 1957, the organizing committees were created in connection with the implementation of activities to restore the trampled in 1943-1944. autonomies of the Kalmyk, Chechen, Ingush, Karachay, Balkar and other peoples. It was a truly joyful, life-affirming activity that inspired the peoples who innocently suffered from Stalin’s lawlessness to the possibility of rehabilitation, and hence their cultural and socio-economic revival. The deportation of peoples to the USSR occupies a special place in Russian history. This topic is controversial to this day. They wrote about it and will write about it for a long time. Of course, one has to face the most contradictory interpretations, but one thing is clear - the inhuman act of forcible eviction on obviously unfounded accusations should never again be repeated in anyone’s history. In this article, the author, on the basis of documentary sources, showed in what order the work was carried out to restore the autonomy of the Chechen, Kalmyk and other peoples and what was done in the first place for this. The article provides a lot of documentary material.
Fatwa Issuance in the Islamic Law: The Specific of Implementation under the Conditions of the Chechen Republic (History and Modernity)
Authors: Idrisov Hussein , Ibragimov Rizvan
Published: July 2023

The scientific article is devoted to the analysis of fatwa-issuance procedure, characteristic of the Muslim legal system. The article also provides the concept of fatwa and the requirements for the status of a fatwa-issuer. The scientific analysis is based on the Holy Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), as well as the basic four religious and legal schools of Islamic fiqh (madhhabs). In addition, the fatwa-issuing activity in the conditions of historical Chechnya is considered on the example of qadi’s theological activity from Shalinsky district, Sheikh Sugaip-mullah. Areligious figure who issues a fatwa must comply with a number of conditions and requirements. In conclusion, the article notes that issuing fatwa (fatwa-issuance) is a very serious and responsible procedure and mission that must be carried out based on the fundamental sources of the Muslim law and the achievements of the religious and the legal schools (madhhabs). A person who issues a fatwa (fatwa issuer) must meet very high standards. Ignorance, and especially in religious matters, gives seeds producing sprouts of confusion and ignorance (fitnah).
About Some Features of the Existence of the Humanities in the Digital Age
Authors: Idrazova E. S-A. , Altamirova Z. A. , Ayubov S-M. M.
Published: July 2023

In the digital age, the humanities have undergone changes as new technologies have opened up new opportunities for research and interaction. Scientists now have access to huge amounts of data and can use computational methods for analysis, leading to new discoveries. However, the digital age also poses challenges, such as the need for long-term data retention. As the field of humanities continues to evolve, scientists must cope with these challenges and use the opportunities provided by the digital age to advance their research and interact with society in new and innovative ways.
Nonlinear Program Construction and Verification Method Based on Partition Recursion and Morgan's Refinement Rules
Authors: WANG Changjing , CAO Zhongxiong , YU Chuling , WANG Changchang , HUANG Qing , ZUO Zhengkang
Published: July 2023

The traditional program refinement strategy cannot be refined to an executable program, and there are issues such as low verification reliability and automation. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a nonlinear program construction and verification method based on partition recursion and Morgan's refinement rules. First, we use recursive definition technique to characterize the initial specification. The specification is then transformed into GCL(Guarded Command Language) programs using loop invariant derivation and Morgan's refinement rules. Furthermore, VCG (Verification Condition Generator) is used in the GCL program to generate the verification condition automatically. The Isabelle theorem prover then validates the GCL program's correctness. Finally, the GCL code generates a C++ executable program automatically via the conversion system. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated using binary tree preorder traversal program construction and verification as an example. This method addresses the problem that the construction process's loop invariant is difficult to obtain and the refinement process is insufficiently detailed. At the same time, the method improves verification process automation and reduces the manual verification workload.
“You’re a woman now”
Authors: Metreveli Anna
Published: July 2023

This paper analyses menarche episodes from TV series using the discourse-historical approach to compare how
menarche has been depicted on TV during different decades and takes a closer look into inter-generational experience of menarche.
The analysis focuses on membership categorization analysis of the scenes and dialogues involving menarche. After analyzing several
decades of menstrual discourse, it is possible to conclude that TV discourse has changed from depicting menarche as a shameful
taboo to a powerful visual storyline statement. However, the menarche scenarios did not change dramatically and continue to rely
heavily on a mother-daughter bonding plot and highlight childbearing as the main and sometimes the only positive aspect of
menstruation. The continuous use of menstruational euphemisms is still predominating the TV discourse.
Do “Chinese gays” come out?
Authors: Freestone Phil
Published: July 2023

This paper draws on linguistic-ethnographic fieldwork in Chengdu, China to consider the utility of broad labels such asChinese, Westernandgayin accounting for the performance of sexual and cultural identity. I problematise work which takes such notions to be stable and self-evidently referential, arguing instead that identity is much more fluid, emergent and discourse-dependent than conventional understandings tend to imply. I focus on visibility of queer sexual identity partly because it is an especially accessible example of the role of language in identity performance, being most often achieved through verbal interaction. More broadly, however, this focus emerged through my ethnographically informed, discursive-sociocultural approach to my life and research in mainland China during the period 2008–2019. Specifically, I use spoken data from the interviews which formed part of this process to argue that social practice within related ethnic and/or social groups is best understood in terms of the situated use of sociolinguistic tools and the entailed negotiation of pertinent ideological systems. From this perspective, the ostensibly insurmountable ideological pressures that “Chinese gays” are typically seen to face, and which tend to be attributed to a taken-for-granted and monolithic “Chinese culture”, are better interpreted with reference to the complex relationship between language, culture and identity. Thus, I do not assume the right to make broad claims about whatChinese gaysdo, or to state that they are categorically different from their presumed homogenousWesterncounterparts. Instead, I discuss what certain individuals say in certain conversations, noting how their performance of identity is often highly individualised, being shaped according to the interactants present and the interactional aims relevant to specific moments of communication.
Anti-infective activities of long-chain fatty acids against foodborne pathogens
Authors: Borreby Caroline , Lillebæk Eva Maria Sternkopf , Kallipolitis Birgitte H
Published: July 2023

Free fatty acids (FFAs) have long been acknowledged for their antimicrobial activity. More recently, long-chain FFAs (>12 carbon atoms) are receiving increased attention for their potent antivirulence activity against pathogenic bacteria. In the gastrointestinal tract, foodborne pathogens encounter a variety of long-chain FFAs derived from the diet, metabolic activities of the gut microbiota, or the host. This review highlights the role of long-chain FFAs as signaling molecules acting to inhibit the infectious potential of important foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes. Various long-chain FFAs interact with sensory proteins and transcriptional regulators controlling the expression of infection-relevant genes. Consequently, long-chain FFAs may act to disarm bacterial pathogens of their virulence factors. Understanding how foodborne pathogens sense and respond to long-chain FFAs may enable the design of new anti-infective approaches.
Comparing rates of adverse events detected in incident reporting and the Global Trigger Tool: a systematic review
Authors: Hibbert Peter D , Molloy Charlotte J , Schultz Timothy J , Carson-Stevens Andrew , Braithwaite Jeffrey
Published: July 2023

Many hospitals continue to use incident reporting systems (IRSs) as their primary patient safety data source. The information IRSs collect on the frequency of harm to patients [adverse events (AEs)] is generally of poor quality, and some incident types (e.g. diagnostic errors) are under-reported. Other methods of collecting patient safety information using medical record review, such as the Global Trigger Tool (GTT), have been developed. The aim of this study was to undertake a systematic review to empirically quantify the gap between the percentage of AEs detected using the GTT to those that are also detected via IRSs. The review was conducted in adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Studies published in English, which collected AE data using the GTT and IRSs, were included. In total, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. All studies were undertaken in hospitals and were published between 2006 and 2022. The studies were conducted in six countries, mainly in the USA (nine studies). Studies reviewed 22 589 medical records using the GTT across 107 institutions finding 7166 AEs. The percentage of AEs detected using the GTT that were also detected in corresponding IRSs ranged from 0% to 37.4% with an average of 7.0% (SD 9.1; median 3.9 and IQR 5.2). Twelve of the fourteen studies found <10% of the AEs detected using the GTT were also found in corresponding IRSs. The >10-fold gap between the detection rates of the GTT and IRSs is strong evidence that the rate of AEs collected in IRSs in hospitals should not be used to measure or as a proxy for the level of safety of a hospital. IRSs should be recognized for their strengths which are to detect rare, serious, and new incident types and to enable analysis of contributing and contextual factors to develop preventive and corrective strategies. Health systems should use multiple patient safety data sources to prioritize interventions and promote a cycle of action and improvement based on data rather than merely just collecting and analysing information.
Relationship Between Sexually Transmitted Infections and Social Determinants of Health in Durham County, North Carolina, United States
Authors: Jenks Jeffrey D , Nipp Emma , Tadikonda Ananya , Karumuri Nishitha , Morales-Lagunes Kristie , Carrico Savannah , Mortiboy Marissa , Zitta John-Paul
Published: July 2023

Background

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are increasing in the United States, and certain populations are more at risk than others. One explanation for this is inequities in underlying social determinants of health (SDOH).

Methods

We analyzed chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis cases in Durham County, North Carolina, from 01/01/2020 to 12/31/2020 by select SDOH at the census tract level. We included 48 variables of interest, including variables related to income, education, transportation, and health insurance. For each variable, we modeled STI incidence at the census tract level using Poisson regression. Wald's chi-square was used to determine which variables were significantly associated with STI incidence.

Results

Of 24 variables that were statistically associated with STI incidence at the census tract level, 9 were negatively associated and 15 positively associated with STI incidence. Having employer health insurance was most strongly associated with lower-than-expected STI incidence, and having Medicaid insurance, no health insurance, using public transportation, and income below the poverty level were most strongly associated with higher-than-expected STI incidence. Lastly, STI incidence was not associated with race or ethnicity overall across Durham County, except in historically marginalized areas, where we found higher-than-expected STI incidence.

Conclusions

We found that lacking health insurance, having Medicaid insurance, using public transportation, and income below the poverty level were most strongly associated with higher-than-expected STI incidence. Strategies to combat increasing STIs may include improving access to health insurance, reducing barriers to cost-effective and timely transportation to medical appointments, and raising wages to bring individuals out of poverty.
Successful Treatment of Cutibacterium acnes Prosthetic Joint Infection With Single-Stage Exchange and Oral Antibiotics
Authors: Kohm Kevin , Seneca Kathleen , Smith Krystle , Heinemann Danielle , Nahass Ronald G
Published: July 2023

Interest has grown in less invasive surgical treatment and early use of oral antibiotics in the treatment of Cutibacterium acnes prosthetic joint infection. We report a series of patients who were successfully treated with single-stage exchange and an all-oral course of rifampin and linezolid.
Pathology and new insights in central nervous system lymphomas
Authors: Lebrun Laetitia , Allard-Demoustiez Sacha , Salmon Isabelle
Published: July 2023

Purpose of review

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare central nervous system (CNS) malignancy, which represents a heterogenous group of tumors. Among PCNSL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the CNS (CNS-DLBCL) represents the most common tumor type. Multiomics studies have recently revealed the complex genomic landscape of these rare diseases. These findings lead to a potential new molecular and epigenetic classification.

Recent findings

Our review is focused on CNS-DLBCL in immunocompetent patients. CNS-DLBCL are derived from self-reactive/polyreactive precursor cells. An early molecular event such as MYD88 mutation leads to escape elimination of precursor cells, which, by a dysregulated GC reaction, acquire auto-/polyreactivity of the B-cell tumoral cells for antigens physiologically expressed in the CNS. Most of CNS-DLBCL tumor cells harbor a non-GCB, ABC-like immunophenotype associated with a late GC (exit) B-cells genotype by gene expression profiling. Various mechanisms of genetic alterations are involved in the pathogenesis of PCNSL, including point mutations [nonsomatic hypermutation (SHM), aberrant SHM (aSHM)], SHM/aSHM, chromosome copy gains or losses, and DNA hypermethylation. Constitutive NFκB activation plays a key role in lymphoma cell proliferation and survival by dysregulation of toll-like receptor (mutations of CARD11 and MYD88), BCR (CD79B), JAK-STAT, and NFκB signaling pathways.

Multiomics approaches have succeeded to substantially improve the understanding of the pathogenesis, as well as the molecular and epigenetic events in PCNSL. Challenges remain due to the obvious heterogeneity of CNS-DLBCL, and improvement is needed for their classification.
Understanding endometriosis from an immunomicroenvironmental perspective
Authors: Fan Dian , Wang Xu , Shi Zhixian , Jiang Yuting , Zheng Bohao , Xu Lian , Zhou Shengtao
Published: July 2023

Endometriosis, a heterogeneous, inflammatory, and estrogen-dependent gynecological disease defined by the presence and growth of endometrial tissues outside the lining of the uterus, affects approximately 5–10% of reproductive-age women, causing chronic pelvic pain and reduced fertility. Although the etiology of endometriosis is still elusive, emerging evidence supports the idea that immune dysregulation can promote the survival and growth of retrograde endometrial debris. Peritoneal macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells exhibit deficient cytotoxicity in the endometriotic microenvironment, leading to inefficient eradication of refluxed endometrial fragments. In addition, the imbalance of T-cell subtypes results in aberrant cytokine production and chronic inflammation, which contribute to endometriosis development. Although it remains uncertain whether immune dysregulation represents an initial cause or merely a secondary enhancer of endometriosis, therapies targeting altered immune pathways exhibit satisfactory effects in preventing disease onset and progression. Here, we summarize the phenotypic and functional alterations of immune cells in the endometriotic microenvironment, focusing on their interactions with microbiota and endocrine and nervous systems, and how these interactions contribute to the etiology and symptomology of endometriosis.
Pegloticase in Uncontrolled Gout
Authors: Baxter Britni , Sanders Shayla , Patel Shilpa A. , Martin Andrea , West Michael
Published: July 2023

Infused biologics, such as pegloticase, are a core component of managing uncontrolled gout, which is increasing in prevalence. Pegloticase is often the last line of therapy for patients with uncontrolled gout; therefore, achieving a successful course of treatment is critical. The infusion nurse's role in patient education, serum uric acid monitoring, and patient medication compliance is essential for ensuring patient safety and maximizing the number of patients who benefit from a full treatment course of pegloticase. Infusion nurses are on the front lines with patients and need to be educated on potential negative effects associated with the medications they infuse, such as infusion reactions, as well as risk management methods like patient screening and monitoring. Further, patient education provided by the infusion nurse plays a large role in empowering the patient to become their own advocate during pegloticase treatment. This educational overview includes a model patient case for pegloticase monotherapy, as well as one for pegloticase with immunomodulation and a step-by-step checklist for infusion nurses to refer to throughout the pegloticase infusion process. A video abstract is available for this article at http://links.lww.com/JIN/A105.
Unconjugated bilirubin induces neuro-inflammation in an induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical organoid model of Crigler Najjar Syndrome
Authors: Pranty Abida Islam , Wruck Wasco , Adjaye James
Published: July 2023

Bilirubin-induced neurological damage (BIND), which is also known as Kernicterus, occurs as a consequence of defects in the bilirubin conjugation machinery, thus resulting in unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and accumulation. Severe hyperbilirubinemia can be caused by a mutation within theUGT1A1encoding gene. This mutation has a direct contribution towards bilirubin conjugation leading to Kernicterus as a symptom of Crigler Najjar Syndromes (CNS1, CNS2) and Gilbert syndrome, which results in permanent neurological sequelae. In this comparative study, we used human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)-derived 3D-brain organoids to model BINDin vitroand unveil the molecular basis of the detrimental effects of UCB in the developing human brain. hiPSC-derived from healthy and CNS patients were differentiated into day-20 brain organoids, these were then stimulated with 200nM UCB. Analyses at 24- and 72-hrs post-treatment point at UCB-induced neuro-inflammation in both cell lines. Transcriptome and associated KEGG and Gene Ontology analyses unveiled activation of distinct inflammatory pathways such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, MAPK signaling, calcium signaling, NFκB activation. Furthermore, both mRNA expression and secretome analysis confirmed an upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL6 and IL8 upon UCB stimulation. In summary, this novel study has provided insights into how a human iPSC-derived 3D-brain organoid model can serve as a prospective platform for studying the etiology of BIND-Kernicterus.
Always-on business: integrating business continuity and business resilience
Authors: Bajgorić Nijaz
Published: July 2023

Purpose

The paper aims to present a framework for integrating the concepts of business continuity and business resilience with the aim of developing a concept of always-on business.

Design/methodology/approach

Literature review, conceptual and case-based.

Findings

A conceptual model for integrated “always-on business” solution based on continuous comouting technologies, business continuity, disaster recovery, IT/business resilience and several organational frameworks.

Originality/value

Presented framework can be used for integrating business continuity and business resilience in modern digital age; and transforming business systems into “always-on business”.
Artificial intelligence in supply chain decision-making: an environmental, social, and governance triggering and technological inhibiting protocol
Authors: Hao Xinyue , Demir Emrah
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Decision-making, reinforced by artificial intelligence (AI), is predicted to become potent tool within the domain of supply chain management. Considering the importance of this subject, the purpose of this study is to explore the triggers and technological inhibitors affecting the adoption of AI. This study also aims to identify three-dimensional triggers, notably those linked to environmental, social, and governance (ESG), as well as technological inhibitors.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing upon a six-step systematic review following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, a broad range of journal publications was recognized, with a thematic analysis under the lens of the ESG framework, offering a unique perspective on factors triggering and inhibiting AI adoption in the supply chain.

Findings

In the environmental dimension, triggers include product waste reduction and greenhouse gas emissions reduction, highlighting the potential of AI in promoting sustainability and environmental responsibility. In the social dimension, triggers encompass product security and quality, as well as social well-being, indicating how AI can contribute to ensuring safe and high-quality products and enhancing societal welfare. In the governance dimension, triggers involve agile and lean practices, cost reduction, sustainable supplier selection, circular economy initiatives, supply chain risk management, knowledge sharing and the synergy between supply and demand. The inhibitors in the technological category present challenges, encompassing the lack of regulations and rules, data security and privacy concerns, responsible and ethical AI considerations, performance and ethical assessment difficulties, poor data quality, group bias and the need to achieve synergy between AI and human decision-makers.

Research limitations/implications

Despite the use of PRISMA guidelines to ensure a comprehensive search and screening process, it is possible that some relevant studies in other databases and industry reports may have been missed. In light of this, the selected studies may not have fully captured the diversity of triggers and technological inhibitors. The extraction of themes from the selected papers is subjective in nature and relies on the interpretation of researchers, which may introduce bias.

Originality/value

The research contributes to the field by conducting a comprehensive analysis of the diverse factors that trigger or inhibit AI adoption, providing valuable insights into their impact. By incorporating the ESG protocol, the study offers a holistic evaluation of the dimensions associated with AI adoption in the supply chain, presenting valuable implications for both industry professionals and researchers. The originality lies in its in-depth examination of the multifaceted aspects of AI adoption, making it a valuable resource for advancing knowledge in this area.
The impact of country-level sustainability and digitalization on the performance: sharing economy dashboard
Authors: Pérez-Pérez Cristina , Benito-Osorio Diana , Jimenez Alfredo , Bayraktar Secil
Published: July 2023

Purpose

The Sharing Economy (SE) has turned around the concepts of ownership and access, promoting not only an alternative consumption method, but also a more sustainable one. Using digital platforms, this phenomenon expects to achieve a better use of the idle capacity of resources, promote meaningful and trusting communities and contribute to reducing the environmental harm. The huge increase of popularity of this model has lined up with the Sustainable Development Goals proclamation, and the commitment from governments with the search for more sustainable models. This study analyzes the relationship of the SE with sustainability in general, and the Sustainable Development Goals in specific.

Design/methodology/approach

Through the analysis of the action plans proposed by governments and the expected contributions of sharing platforms to sustainability, the authors analyze the improvements and assistance that the Sharing Economy could offer to countries.

Findings

The main findings suggest that the SE can assist countries to achieve their sustainability goals and to further advance towards a more sustainable consumption and living model in order to fulfill the Sustainable Development Goals.

Originality/value

Although this topic is still to be further developed, the SE seems to be fulfilling the expectations as the path towards sustainability.
Focal deblending: Marine data processing experiences
Authors: Kontakis Apostolos , Verschuur Dirk Jacob
Published: July 2023

In contrast to conventional acquisition practices, simultaneous source acquisition allows for overlapping wavefields to be recorded. Relaxing the shot schedule in this manner has certain advantages, such as allowing for faster acquisition and/or denser shot sampling. This flexibility usually comes at the cost of an extra step in the processing workflow, where the wavefields are deblended, that is, separated. An inversion‐type algorithm for deblending, based on the focal transform, is investigated. The focal transform uses an approximate velocity model to focus seismic data. The combination of focusing with sparsity constraints is used to suppress blending noise in the deblended wavefield.

The focal transform can be defined in different ways to better match the spatial sampling of different types of marine surveys. To avoid solving a large inverse problem, involving a large part of the survey simultaneously, the input data can be split into sub‐sets that are processed independently. We discuss the formation of such sub‐sets for ocean bottom node and streamer‐type acquisitions. Two deblending experiments are then carried out. The first is on numerically blended ocean bottom node field data. The second is on field‐blended towed streamer data with a challenging signal overlap. The latter experiment is repeated using curvelet‐based deblending for comparison purposes, showing the virtues of the focal deblending process. Several challenges of basing deblending around the focal transform are discussed as well as some suggestions for improved implementations.