bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Instrumental Support for Teaching Physics by the Hands of Students
Authors: Parfentyev Nicolai Andreevich , Parfentyeva Natalia Andreevna , Maignan Schubert , Volodina Anastasiya Andreevna
Published: December 2023

Being one of the most important tasks in the formation of natural science thinking, teaching physics often encounters difficulties due to the gap between the theoretical approach and practical experience. Even in well-equipped educational institutions conducting laboratory classes does not provide student with sufficient experience, which is necessary for future practical activities. It seems to us that in the case when student himself makes a physical device and conducts experiments on it (according to his own program), his ideas about physical phenomena are more solid. The rapidly developing digital technology leaves a huge number of past generation’s instruments, from which student can create home-made physical devices. This article contains several examples of such devices, the manufacture of which is available to most students.
Human resource management as an element of sustainable nuclear power plant construction
Authors: Morozenko Andrey , Shvets Natalia
Published: December 2023

The widespread development of the trend towards sustainable construction processes is associated with two key determinants: environmental friendliness and resource efficiency. The focus is usually made on resource efficiency of already constructed buildings as the building maintenance life cycle accounts for up to 80 per cent of all costs. The need to improve the training level of civil engineering staff, especially in case of construction of facilities abroad, is confirmed by the building practice. There is a growing need to develop and adapt the industry-wide entry control mechanism allowing to test qualification and professional level of construction staff in order to barometer job applicants and secure their due training depending on the qualification level. This approach makes it possible to minimise the costs of staff turnover, exclude construction stoppages due to staff-induced fault as well as to bring down the number of accidents, which will have a significant impact on assessment of NPP construction efficiency.
Effect of crude oil on the geotechnical parameters of sandy clay soil
Authors: Negahdar Alireza , Ghadimi Narmin
Published: December 2023

Exploitation of crude oil, as well as spills and leakage, can contribute to soil contamination that causes changes in the physical and chemical features of the soil. The present study evaluated the effect of light crude oil on the geotechnical parameters of sandy clay soil in the laboratory. Mixtures of kaolinite and sand were combined with different amounts of light crude oil. The results for contaminated soil showed that, as the crude oil content increased, the LL, PL, maximum dry density, cohesion coefficient of samples containing 40% sand and internal friction angles of samples containing 10% and 25% sand increased. The optimum moisture content, cohesion coefficient of samples containing 10% and 25% sand, internal friction angles of samples containing 40% sand and UCS of all samples decreased. Also, because some oil compounds will evaporate along with water, a new formula has been proposed to determine the moisture content of contaminated soil.
Solutions to promote digital transformation of construction industry in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thi Tuyet Dung , Hoang Thi Hang Nga , Nguyen Thu Huong
Published: December 2023

The 4th industrial revolution is taking place worldwide and has a strong impact on economic, cultural, and social activities. In recent times, digital transformation has become the top concern for businesses in Vietnam in the Industrial Revolution 4.0. According to the National Digital Transformation Program to 2025, with the Prime Minister’s 2030 orientation, the digital economy aims to achieve 20% of GDP by 2050 and 30% of GDP by 2030. In the construction sector, construction accounts for 30-40% of the total social investment capital, which contributes to increasing productivity, increasing the competitiveness of construction products, and is an important resource contributing to national economic development. For construction enterprises, this contributes to improving their competitiveness. Guidelines and policies of the Government and the Ministry of Construction are available, but digital transformation in the construction industry is still slow. The article analyzes the achieved results as well as difficulties and challenges, thereby proposing solutions to promote the digital transformation of the construction industry.
Influence of hydrodynamic processes on apparent flame velocity in accidental explosions
Authors: Komarov Aleksandr , Gromov Nikolai , Korolchenko Anton
Published: December 2023

The main impact factor of an accidental explosion is explosive pressure, the numerical value of which is determined by the magnitude of the apparent flame velocity during explosive combustion of an explosive mixture. Therefore, the issues related to predicting the apparent flame velocity in deflagration explosions are the main ones when considering the problem of ensuring explosion resistance of buildings and structures and investigating accidents accompanied by explosions. Relationships are presented that confirm the unambiguous dependence of explosive pressure on apparent flame velocity. It is shown experimentally that in a deflagration explosion in free space, laminar combustion of the mixture occurs at first, so the flame front is flat and smooth, and at a certain distance from the ignition source, there is turbulization of the mixture moving in front of the flame front, and the explosive combustion becomes turbulent. The dependence determining the flame acceleration in an accidental explosion is given. It is experimentally shown that there is no rapid cessation of explosive combustion and flame arrest at the central initiation of a spherical explosive cloud of stoichiometric concentration. The methodology described in this article for determining the apparent flame velocity in deflagration explosions allows a fairly accurate prediction of the potential threat posed by explosive facilities and installations in the surrounding area.
Dynamic scheduling in construction projects
Authors: Undozerov Vadim
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study is to investigate the theoretical foundations of dynamic scheduling in construction projects and provide some recommendations for further research. While the theory of "static" scheduling is the most developed, much less attention is paid to "dynamic" scheduling. At the same time, research shows that "dynamic" scheduling is most suitable for construction industry, especially for complex and large projects. To achieve the aim of the study, such tasks as (1) the formulation of the problem associated with insufficient elaboration scheduling dynamism and complexity issues in construction; (2) a review of the scientific literature on this problem; (3) the formation of some possible directions for the development of the theory of dynamic scheduling, were solved. Research methods are: analysis, synthesis, review of scientific literature. The result of the study is recommendations on one of the directions of dynamic scheduling theoretical foundations’ development in construction projects, namely scheduling visualization techniques on the example of the "spring chart" developed by the author. The relevance of the results is due to the fact that the developed recommendations can be useful to researchers in the field of project scheduling for a systematic study of the problem.
Simulation of internal water pressure loads for HPP penstock pipes under seismic impacts
Authors: Murav’ev O.A. , Shtilman V.B. , Podvysotsky A.A. , Ivanova T.V.
Published: December 2023

The article provides an analysis of various methods for determining the increase in internal water pressure on the lining of penstock pipes of hydro power plants (HPP) under seismic impacts using static and dynamic theories. The main factors affecting the amplitude of vibration are analyzed.
Methodological bases for assessing the impact of construction supervision on the organization of civil engineering production processes
Authors: Tokarskiy Andrey , Lapidus Azariy , Topchiy Dmitry , Chernigov Vitaly
Published: December 2023

The formation of conditions for ensuring the established quality of construction objects of various functional purposes is impossible without solving a set of tasks related to the systematic analysis of factors that ensure the organization. Improving the effectiveness of supervisory authorities consists in focusing attention on critical stages of construction and reducing excessive attention to secondary aspects that do not affect the safety of the construction object and do not deviate from the design documentation, in order to reduce the number of inspections and the excessive impact of state supervision in general. The program of inspections of construction supervision is formed on the basis of approved departmental regulations. These rules do not specify quantitative data on the conduct of inspections, nor do they define specific moments of construction of facilities during which it is necessary to conduct a supervisory procedure with a visit to the facility. The current inspection regulations are aimed at identifying deviations from the requirements of project documentation and current regulatory documentation and are not aimed at preventing and preventing the occurrence of critical defects. Necessary to develop a scientifically based methodology for conducting supervisory activities that ensures the formation of high-quality construction products.
Building an urban drainage database (GIS) for urban planning and management: A case study in Cao Bang Province Viet Nam
Authors: Phuong Le Thi Minh
Published: December 2023

The management of urban drainage systems faces many shortcomings in many urban areas in developing countries, including Vietnam. This poor management is causing economic and environmental consequences, especially flooding. One of the reasons is that urban areas have not applied technology in management, do not have a database of the status of current urban drainage system, so the management skills is not scientific and there is no forecasting technique. GIS technology is a highly effective management support tool in many cities around the world, and the Vietnamese government has also issued regulations requiring the use of GIS in urban management. This paper studies the process of establishing a GIS database for urban drainage in ArcGIS sofware and a case study in Cao Bang city, Vietnam. The results of this study are a reference for cities that want to use GIS technology in urban management and the database of this study is for Cao Bang City in Vietnam to be used to integrate into the database of city (big data) in Viet Nam government-oriented urban management.
Comprehensive environmental safety of construction
Authors: Suzdaleva Antonina , Mamina Dinya , Smirnov Igor’
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the problem of comprehensive environmental safety in civil engineering is continually increasing for two reasons. Firstly, the rapid population growth dictates the need to escalate the scope and pace of construction. Secondly, the scale of construction is increasing against the background of the growing concern of the population about the deterioration of environmental conditions. The aim of the article is multidimensional analysis of this problem. The present research is of interdisciplinary nature and is based on the critical analysis and synthesis of a great number of heterogeneous materials concerning particular aspects of environmental safety of construction. The basis of environmental safety in civil engineering is timely identification of threats to public health as well as the risks of unacceptable deterioration of environmental conditions in the course of construction of buildings and structures. The solution of this problem should be simultaneously addressed along two different lines. The first one is maintaining external environmental safety. The second direction is internal ecological safety. The systemic solution of the problem can be implemented on the basis of the developed Programme for identification and assessment of factors underlying external and internal environmental safety of construction.
Key role of construction industry in achieving the goal of sustainable energy worldwide
Authors: Aslami Mojtaba
Published: December 2023

This paper presents the critical and important role of the construction industry in sustainable energy. The first section describes the energy concept and explains the relation of each energy branch with strategic aspects. The energy concept is a fundamental concept that underpins the entire field of sustainable energy. It is essential to understand the different types of energy and their interrelationships to develop effective strategies for achieving sustainable energy goals. Then the key factors of sustainability are recognized. These factors include environmental, social, economic considerations, and technology development that must be taken into account when developing sustainable energy solutions. The classification of these factors leads to the identification of an exact area in which the construction industry can directly contribute to the goal of sustainable energy in the near future. By focusing on these key factors, the construction industry can help to create a more sustainable future for all.
Place of the house in the context of the city
Authors: Malakhov Sergey , Repina Evgeniia
Published: December 2023

Some aspects of the relationship between the house and the city, defined as typological objects of architectural design and as categories of human habitation, are considered. The context of the city, therefore, acts as a generalizing concept that measures two spaces - physical earthly and experienced by man. The physical space represents buildings and infrastructure elements constructed by man that objectively modify the natural landscape; the experienced space is a phenomenon of a more multidimensional order - subjective and collective at the same time. The house (home), the city (town) and the landscape - together they absorb the whole experience of a practice whose logic of origin can be perceived through the optics of experience not only as reasonable, but also as paradoxical. Accordingly, the aim of the study is to reflect on the extent to which the individual manages to locate in the city not just the appropriate building, but precisely the house(s) - as 'inhabited space'(home). Fixing the patterns of "urban habitability" will allow us to move on to a discussion of design method and experimental typologies in the future.
Reorganization of industrial zones into a comfortable urban environment
Authors: Slepnev Mikhail A.
Published: December 2023

One of the main directions of scientific research on assessing the efficiency of the use of natural territories is a subject related to the development of scientific methods and approaches that provide not only the determination of the number of visitors, but also the active development of nature tourism. The development and education of nature tourism is one of the causes of recreational digression of natural-anthropogenic territorial complexes (hereinafter - PATC). Classifying the negative factors that cause the influence of anthropogenic impact on natural complexes and their consequences, we can distinguish three main types: mechanical, physical-chemical, biological. In the paper, special attention is paid to the condition of management and organization of recreational activities provided for at the PATK in Pushkino, which includes mandatory regulation and control of the number of visitors on the basis of the proposed regulations for the use of the relevant functional zones. On the territory of the Russian Federation in the normative documents established the need to determine the maximum permissible recreational loads (hereinafter - MPRN).
Community-led model for reconstruction old apartments in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Dinh Tuyen Pham , Tuan Nghia Hoang , Minh Hieu Nguyen
Published: December 2023

Old apartment buildings in Hanoi were built before 1954 and from around 1960 to 1994 with 1600 apartments. Due to the end of construction lifespan, components are sinking, cracking, and tilting, combined with households expanding and repairing themselves, so many buildings are seriously damaged and dangerous, needing to be renovated and rebuilt in the near future to ensure residents’ safety. This work cannot slow down any longer. From 1999 until now, despite great efforts, Hanoi has only renovated and rebuilt 19 apartments (about 1.2%). The main reason is due to conflicts between the interests of the household community and the real estate investors. Contributing to resolving the above contradiction and promoting the speed of redevelopment, this study proposes a community-led model to rebuild old apartment buildings in Hanoi, Vietnam.
Modeling supersonic rarefied jets on experimental cluster at Novosibirsk State University
Authors: Zarvin Alexandr , Dubrovin Kirill , Kalyada Valerii , Khudozhitkov Vitalii , Yaskin Alexandr , Dering Ekaterina
Published: December 2023

A review of the experimental work carried out on the vacuum gas-dynamic stands of the Applied Physics Department of the Novosibirsk State University is presented. Creation of these stands meeting the world’s requirements and equipped with modern diagnostic methods was based on the background experience from the Institute of Thermophysics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences under the guidance of A.K. Rebrov. A brief description of the stands and the results of some studies is given. Despite the limited possibilities of the university environment, the use of compact laboratory vacuum stands provides large-scale studies in various areas of rarefied gas dynamics.
Gasdynamic equations with the number of gasdynamic variables exceeding the number of summational invariants
Authors: Gorbachev Yuriy , Shoev Georgy
Published: December 2023

An asymptotic new method of solving the generalized Boltzmann equation previously developed by the authors is presented, and its difference from the traditional Chapman-Enskog method is discussed. The application of this new method is considered by an example of an O2/O dissociating mixture flow with separation around a double cone. A comparison with available literature and experimental data is presented. The computed and measured surface heat fluxes are found to be in reasonable agreement. The computed surface heat flux is analyzed through comparisons to numerical results of other researchers and codes.
Immersed boundary method for the problem of interaction between elliptic body and viscous fluid flow
Authors: Kuranakov Dmitriy , Esipov Denis
Published: December 2023

Immersed boundary method is developed for the problem of interaction between elliptic body and viscous fluid flow. The method consists in independent considering fluid flow on the Euler grid and immersed body movement using the Lagrangian grid. Special force of fluid-particle interaction is introduced to fulfill the no-slip boundary condition. The model has been used to investigate the influence of the shape and orientation of immersed body on the fluid flow in case of moderately high Reynolds number. Two problem statements have been considered: flow past the fixed immersed body in rectangular channel and particle sedimentation in rectangular vessel. Sedimentation of the elliptical particle tends to the quasistationary oscillation regime regardless of initial orientation of the body. The elliptical particle tends to rotate to the equilibrium orientation in such a way that its semi-major axis is orthogonal to the flow direction. This fact has been approved by analyzing the value of the torque acting on the fixed elliptical particle turned at asymmetrical angles relative to the fluid flow. Asymmetrical orientation of the fixed elliptical body leads to non-zero value of average lift force and torque, and causes non-sinusoidal oscillations of the drag force and torque. The values of force and torque oscillations are the largest in case of particle orientation across the fluid flow streamlines.
Numerical simulations of a subsonic round jet with transverse acoustic and mechanical forcing
Authors: Vankova Olga S. , Yakovenko Sergey N.
Published: December 2023

The results of numerical experiments on the bifurcation effects for a free round jet caused by acoustic or vibrational excitations are presented. The three-dimensional distributions of the instantaneous and time-averaged velocity vector components have been obtained and analyzed. The effects of Strouhal and Reynolds numbers on the jet splitting angle, as well as those of the amplitude and type of jet perturbations is discussed in such a comparative parametric study.
Large-scale fluctuations during a boiling crisis and during the boiling up of a superheated liquid jet
Authors: Reshetnikov Alexander , Akashev Anton , Skokov Vyacheslav
Published: December 2023

The results of an experimental study of pulsation processes during the transition from nucleate to film boiling on a wire heater and in transient regimes of boiling up of a liquid jet flowing from a high-pressure chamber are presented. An analogy in the behavior of the boiling curve and in the boiling liquid flow rate dependence on the pressure in a thermodynamically strongly nonequilibrium flow regime is shown. The similarity of pulsation processes in a vapor jet during crisis boiling of water on a wire heater and in a jet of a superheated liquid (water and ethanol) under the conditions of the transient boiling regime is noted. Conditions under which the power spectra of local and integral fluctuations changed in inverse proportion to the frequency in the low-frequency region (1/f fluctuations) have been established. A high correlation coefficient between local and integral pulsation characteristics both in a vapor jet on a wire heater and in a jet of a boiling liquid has been revealed.
Numerical simulation of a two-component jet atomization
Authors: Vozhakov Ivan , Hrebtov Michael , Mullyadzhanov Rustam
Published: December 2023

Numerical modelling of the breakup of a jet consisting of two immiscible liquids outflowing into the atmosphere has been carried out. For this, the modified three-fluid VOF method has been implemented in the Basilisk open-source package. The jet outflows from a swirl nozzle, in which the liquids are mixed. The mixing of liquids in a swirl nozzle is investigated. The fields of velocities and mass fractions of the components, as well as the size distribution of droplets, are obtained. It is shown that the distribution of droplets in the outer region of the flow is non-uniform as a result of insufficient mixing inside the nozzle.
Two-phase flow patterns investigation in large aspect ratio microchannel with T-mixer
Authors: Dementyev Yuriy , Chinnov Evgeniy , Ronshin Fedor , Evstrapov Anatoliy , Gusev Victor
Published: December 2023

Two-phase flows in microchannels have a wide range of applications in various fields of science and technology (cooling of electronic equipment, microfluidics, micromixers, etc.). Two-phase flows in microchannels with characteristic sizes on the order of 10 μm and below becomes an important object of study due to new effects that are realized on this scale. In this work, we study a two-phase flow in a slit microchannel 10 μm height and 10 mm wide, where the liquid was injected coaxially to the two-phase flow and the gas was injected perpendicular to the two-phase flow. The realized flow patterns (Jets and Jet-Droplet, Churn and Droplet-Annular) and their boundaries are determined and described. The mechanisms of liquid jets amount evolution are shown and described. The flow pattern maps have been compared with ones for phase input inversion. The influence of the mixer on the boundaries of flow patterns is described.
Computational analysis of the steam-water flow through a submerged perforated sheet
Authors: Melikhov Vladimir I. , Nikulin Alexander S.
Published: December 2023

The flow of saturated steam through the hole of a submerged perforated sheet (SPS) is analyzed using the FlowVision code. A computational model of one cell of a perforated sheet is created and the grid convergence of the solution on a sequence of refining grids is demonstrated. Four turbulence models including k-eps, k-epsFV, KENL and SST are considered. Comparison of calculated pressure drops with experimental data shows that the SST model gives the most accurate result with an error of less than 3%. The peculiarities of the spatial steam flow through the hole of the SPS have been established. The influence of the degree of perforation on the pressure drop at the hole and the coefficient of hydraulic resistance is analyzed. With an increase in the degree of perforation from 4.3% to 8.1%, the pressure drop decreases by about four times.
Effect of liquid surface tension coefficient on spray cone structure of ejection sprayer
Authors: Arkhipov Vladimir , Basalaev Sergey , Zolotorev Nikolay , Perfil’eva Ksenia
Published: December 2023

The results of an experimental study of the effect of surfactants on the spatial distribution of droplet concentration in the spray cone of the ejective sprayer are presented. The spectral transparency method and a setup providing scanning the cross-section of the spray cone along its length are used for the study. It is shown that when surfactants are incorporated into distilled water, the radial distribution of the droplet concentration in the spray cone becomes more uniform, and the cone maximum length increases.
Calculation of stationary thermal detonation wave in the multiphase system “water drops, surrounded by steam films, in continuous molten lead”
Authors: Melikhov Vladimir , Melikhov Oleg , Saleh Bashar
Published: December 2023

A mathematical model of a thermal detonation wave in a multiphase system “water droplets in vapor shells located in a high-temperature heavy metal melt”, which can form after a rupture of the heat exchange tube of steam generator of a fast neutron reactor with a liquid lead or lead-bismuth coolant, is proposed. The model is based on the equations of the mechanics of multiphase systems. Interphase heat transfer and friction are described by well-known correlations validated on numerous experimental data. The key mechanism of thermal detonation wave propagation is the fragmentation of water droplets in the shock wave front. Fragmentation is carried out due to the difference in the velocities of drops and melt, which occurs on the shock wave due to the difference in their densities. The propagation velocity of a thermal detonation wave is determined by calculation of the Hugoniot adiabat. The parameters on the leading shock wave are calculated from relations expressing the laws of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy of a multiphase mixture. The calculated pressure distribution behind the shock wave has a maximum near the shock wave plane. The calculation results revealed that the thermal equilibrium of the phases is achieved much later than their velocity equilibrium.
Experimental study of the coefficients of the Forchheimer-Ergun equation for the forced flow of hot water in a layer of spherical particles
Authors: Tairov Emir , Safarov Alexey , Khan Polina
Published: December 2023

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the coefficients of the Forchheimer-Ergun equation for the forced flow of hot water with temperatures up to 175ºC through a layer of spherical particles. The study shows that at a water filtration velocity above 25 mm/s, with the Ergun standard numerical constants in the equation coefficients, the calculation results significantly exceed the experimental data. A refinement expression is found for the coefficient at the inertial term of the equation, which ensures agreement between the calculation and experiment in the considered range of flow temperature and filtration velocity up to 300 mm/s.
On the question of the fine fragmentation of liquid-metal droplets during steam explosions
Authors: Ivochkin Yuri , Koveshnikov Kirill , Kubrikov Konstantin , Sinkevich Oleg , Teplyakov Igor , Yudin Stepan , Vinogradov Dmitri
Published: December 2023

The presented results are based on experimental and computational studies aimed at justifying the application of the cavitation-acoustic hypothesis in describing the process of “fine” fragmentation of hot droplets falling into cold water. Such a process plays a crucial role in small-scale steam explosions. Brief descriptions of other possible mechanisms for the fragmentation of liquid-metal droplets under different conditions are provided, with the main focus given to the fragmentation process induced by shock waves generated by pulsed laser irradiation and mechanical impact. Experimental data on pressure impulses resulting from the collapse of vapor bubbles formed upon contact between the coolant (cold water) and the overheated surface are presented. It is demonstrated that the obtained data, along with photographic evidence of the molten fragments, are consistent with the assumption of the development of the fine fragmentation process according to the cavitation-acoustic scenario. Approximate calculations conducted within the acoustic approximation support this hypothesis.
Study of local low-temperature effect on biotissues
Authors: Pushkarev Aleksandr , Zhidkov Dmitry
Published: December 2023

Local low-temperature exposure on biological tissues consists in the removal of heat and, accordingly, a decrease of its temperature. Such impact may be divided into groups: (1) «destruction», for example, cryosurgery, (2) «preservation», for example, cryoconservation, (3) «therapy», for example, joint cryophysiotherapy. Obtaining different effects depends on the depth and rate of the biological tissue target region cooling. As part of the research, a concept for improving the accuracy of low-temperature exposure is proposed. The conducted studies make it possible to take a step towards the possibility of carrying out precision of local low-temperature impact on biological tissues in different directions.
Heat transfer during boiling in a thin horizontal layer of the dielectric liquid
Authors: Shvetsov Dmitry , Pavlenko Aleksandr , Zhukov Vladimir
Published: December 2023

This paper presents the results of the experimental study of heat transfer in horizontal layers of dielectric fluid HFE–7100 with a height of 2.5, 6.0 and 10 mm at pressures of 100 kPa and 50 kPa on a smooth surface (roughness Rz = 3.2 μm). It is found that the Gogonin formula correlates well with experimental data on heat transfer coefficients for HFE-7100 layers of different heights. The values of the critical heat flux obtained at various pressures are close to the calculated values according to the Yagov model in the layer with the height of 10.0 mm. A decrease in the height of the HFE–7100 layer led to a decrease in the values of the critical heat flux.
Influence of the location of the phase-change material on heating and cooling the heat-insulating layer
Authors: Nizovtsev Mikhail , Letushko Vladimir , Sterlyagov Alexey
Published: December 2023

The experimental investigation of thermal parameters during heating and cooling of PCM sample placed at different locations has revealed that the phase transition was accompanied by a significant decrease in the growth rate of the PCM temperature when heating, and a slowdown when cooling. The completion of the phase transition upon heating the PCM sample was accompanied by a sharp increase in the heat flux density at the outer surface of the PCM regardless of its location. The produced experimental results on the change of thermal parameters of the PCM depending on its location will be used to verify the calculation model.
Numerical analysis of geothermal energy sources thermal regimes in the Tomsk region
Authors: Polovnikov Viacheslav , Shelemehova Sofia
Published: December 2023

Numerical analysis of thermal regimes of deposits of geothermal energy sources in the Tomsk region has been carried out. The nature of temperature distributions in the zone of location of a typical deposit of geothermal energy sources in the Tomsk region has been established. A significant influence of the non-stationarity of heat transfer processes on the temperature distribution in the considered solution region is shown. The obtained results testify to the expediency of further studies of the thermal regimes of deposits of geothermal energy sources in the Tomsk region.
Approaches to radiative heat transfer simulation in a cavity above melt
Authors: Melnikov Ivan , Shmelkov Gleb , Golubev Maksim , Velikanov Aleksandr , Shmelkov Yury , Savekin Sergey
Published: December 2023

The article presents a description of the THERA module, which allows the calculation of radiative heat transfer in the cavity above the melt in the complex geometry with the presence of participating medium in relation to the simulation of severe accidents at nuclear power plants with VVER type reactor. The net-radiation method is implemented in the module as a basic method for calculating radiative heat transfer; the radiation properties of gases are considered using the SLWSGG model. The results of THERA cross-verification on test tasks are presented. The paper presents the results of THERA simulation of radiative heat transfer from the corium surface to the reactor shaft structures at a nuclear power plant with a VVER – 1000 reactor as part of the analysis of the ex-vessel stage of a severe accident in axisymmetric and realistic non-axisymmetric forms.
Coolant temperature distribution in the model of the fuel assembly peripheral area
Authors: Lobanov Pavel , Svetonosov Aleksandr
Published: December 2023

To evaluate the interchannel temperature transfer, the test section was created, the working section of which is a model of two neighboring cells of the peripheral region of the fuel assembly. The experimental setup is equipped with three fuel rod simulators 500 mm long. During the work, the fuel rods were connected in turn to the power source. This made it possible to determine the features of the temperature distribution in the model with uneven energy release. The power of each fuel rod simulator was up to 2000 W. A movable thermocouple and an IR camera were used for measurements.
Determination of the hysteresis of the contact angle of wetting of boiling surfaces
Authors: Bykovskaya Elena F. , Sulyaeva Veronika S.
Published: December 2023

For a deeper understanding of the fluid dynamics and heat transfer in the transition layer, when studying the dynamics of a two-phase flow during boiling and a heat transfer crisis, i.e. in the region of the dynamic gas-liquid-solid contact line and the adjacent meniscus, characterized by an apparent contact angle, it is necessary to analyse the wettability, contact angle hysteresis, and surface morphology. In this paper, samples of a graphene-coated copper substrate, a surface with nanotubes, and an uncoated copper surface for comparison are considered.
Modern possibilities of vapour chambers and other intensive cooling techniques. Comparative review
Authors: Pukhovoy Maxim V. , Bykovskaya Elena F. , Kabov Oleg A.
Published: December 2023

Due to their high reliability, ease of manufacture, passive operation, and efficient heat transfer, vapor chambers (VC) are widely used for temperature management of modern electronic and power devices. This review considers all experimental works on the characterization of the thermal characteristics of VC, in the results of which the threshold in the removal of a specific heat flux of >0.1 kW/cm2 was overcome. This literature review, when compared with other cooling techniques, showed that they have not shown a noticeable increase in recent decades. Moreover, we should expect a qualitative increase in the capabilities of the VC and the expansion of their use. The principles of operation of modern VCs, often referred to as evaporation chambers, are also conceptually described.
Functional coatings made of eco-friendly materials
Authors: Solodovnikov Sergey , Igumenov Igor , Shutilov Roman , Lukashov Vladimir
Published: December 2023

Thermal barrier coatings protect alloys (for example, in turbine blades) from extreme temperatures. There is a pressing need to find better materials than currently used yttria-stabilized zirconia (i.e. materials with better thermal stability, lower thermal conductivity, higher thermal expansion coefficient matching that of the alloy). Here we explore gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7) for possible application as a material for thermal barrier coatings. We found that gehlenite can indeed be used in next-generation thermal barrier coatings, as a top coat on a thin layer of yttria-stabilized zirconia.
Dynamics of twin elevated jets in cross-flow
Authors: Dobroselsky Konstantin
Published: December 2023

The present study examines dynamics of elevated parallel jets in cross-flow configured with jet-to-jet separation distances 2.7 jet diameters and velocity ratio 2.6, using thermoanemometric method. The jets are issuing normally into a crossflow. It is shown that the trajectory of a twin jet, higher near the source, further downstream becomes lower than that of a single jet. An analysis of the velocity isolines showed that the studied jets merge only at a large distance from the point of their entry into the flow, in the region where the jet stream loses its shape and mixes with the drift flow, before that they, interacting, distributed separately. It was found that the jet stream has a flattened appearance; its vertical dimensions are much smaller than the transverse dimensions.
Dysmorphie musculaire et pratiques problématiques de l’activité physique dans une population d’étudiants sportifs. Le rôle de l’alexithymie, du sentiment d’auto-efficacité dans la régulation de l’alimentation et l’acceptation de son image corporelle
Authors: Cuadrado Jérôme , Michel Grégory
Published: December 2023

L’objectif de cette présente étude était d’examiner si des facteurs tels que l’alexithymie, le sentiment d’auto-efficacité concernant la régulation de l’alimentation et l’acceptation de son image corporelle, la consultation de contenus fitspiration ainsi que des comportements de pratique problématique de l’activité physique pourraient constituer des prédicteurs significatifs de la dysmorphie musculaire, et de pouvoir identifier un profil de sportifs à risque de cette pathologie. Ainsi, 342 étudiants pratiquant la musculation à l’université (Mage = 20,9 ans, ET = 2,9) ont été recrutés pour répondre à un questionnaire sociodémographique (âge, sexe, façon de pratiquer la musculation, consultation réseaux sociaux, consommation de produits améliorant l’apparence et la performance (APEDs) puis à des auto-questionnaires visant à évaluer la symptomatologie de la dysmorphie musculaire (MDDI), le sentiment d’auto-efficacité concernant la régulation de l’alimentation et l’acceptation de son image corporelle (EDRSQ), ainsi que l’alexithymie (TAS-20). Dans la population investiguée, les résultats montrent une prévalence de 18,7 % (n = 64) pour la dysmorphie musculaire. L’identification des émotions, le sentiment d’acceptation de son image corporelle, la pratique des activités physiques avec la recherche d’une sensation de douleur et de congestion, la consommation de substances améliorant l’apparence et la performance (APEDs), l’objectif de recherche de construction musculaire et de maintien de sa forme, la comparaison aux modèles fitness et les comportements de vérification dans le miroir à la salle (gym-mirror checking) se sont montrés prédicteur pour la dysmorphie musculaire (R2 = 0,379, pour le modèle multivarié final). Cette étude met en évidence le réseau complexe de déterminants de la dysmorphie musculaire et les comportements de pratique des activités physiques qui peuvent se montrer à risque de cette pathologie, facilement repérables pour les professionnels concernés.
Positive mikrobiologische Kontrollen. Was nun?
Authors: Beilenhoff Ulrike
Published: December 2023

Mikrobiologische Kontrollen werden in der Endoskopie routinemäßig als Maßnahme der Qualitätssicherung oder zur Fehlerfindung durchgeführt. Wenn bei diesen Kontrollen positive Befunde rückgemeldet werden, entsteht oftmals Verunsicherung, welche Maßnahmen einzuleiten sind.
Clinical Significance of T2-Weighted Sequence Intensity on Magnetic
Resonance Imaging in Clinically Non-Functioning Pituitary
Adenomas
Authors: Iglesias Pedro , Biagetti Betina , Araujo-Castro Marta , Alcázar Victoria , Guerrero-Pérez Fernando , Rivero Noelia , Casteràs Anna , Gómez Carlos García , Izquierdo Belén García , Torres Víctor Viedma , Pascual-Corrales Eider , Pavón Isabel , Villabona Carles , Cordido Fernando , Díez Juan J.
Published: December 2023

Background Little is known about the relationship between signal intensity
patterns on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in non-functioning
pituitary adenomas (NFPAs).

Objective In this study, the clinical, hormonal, histological features,
and therapeutic responses were evaluated according to the T2 signal intensity in
NFPAs.

Methods This retrospective and multicenter study included a group of 166
NFPA patients (93 men, 56%, mean age 58.5 ±14.8 yr).

Results: Approximately half of the tumors (n=84, 50.6%)
were hyperintense, while 34.3% (n=57) and 15.1%
(n=25) were iso- and hypointense, respectively. The median maximum tumor
diameter of the isointense group [16 (13–25) mm] was significantly lower
than that of the hyperintense [23 (16.6–29.7) mm] group
(p=0.003). Similarly, the tumor volume of the isointense group [1,523
(618–5,226) mm3] was significantly lower than that of the
hyperintense [4,012 (2,506–8,320) mm3] group
(p=0.002). Chiasmatic compression occurred less frequently in tumors
with isointense signal characteristics (38.6%) compared to tumors with
hypointense (68%) and hyperintense (65.5%) signal
characteristics (p=0.003). Invasive adenomas (p=0.001) and the
degree of cavernous sinus invasion (p<0.001) were more frequent in the
hyperintense adenoma group compared to the remaining groups. Plurihormonal
tumors and silent lactotroph adenomas were more frequent in the isointense tumor
group.

Conclusion In conclusion, hyperintensity on T2-weighted MRI in NFPAs is
associated with larger and more invasive tumors compared to isointense
NFPAs.
Modeling artificial heart valves to enhance performance
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: December 2023

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics can simulate blood flow through heart valves to test them non-invasively.
Cloud subtitling in research-led education
Authors: Bolaños García-Escribano Alejandro
Published: December 2023

Empirical research has boomed in the last few years in translation studies (TS) scholarship in general and audiovisual translation (AVT) in particular (Orero et al. 2018; Díaz-Cintas and Szarkowska 2020). As a discipline heavily driven by new technologies, AVT poses additional problems for translator trainers as training institutions sometimes fail to keep abreast of the latest technological developments in the industry. The learning and teaching of said practices ought to bear empirical scrutiny and shed light on how new technologies can inform classroom practices and vice versa. This paper explores practice-based research on the use of cloud technologies in the subtitling classroom and encourages the establishment of closer links between training institutions and industry partners, as well as the use of user-generated feedback to improve existing AVT software.
Speech perception in noise by children with Mondini dysplasia who had undergone cochlear implantation
Authors: Saeedi Masoumeh , Alvandimanesh Mona , Hasanalifard Mahdieh , Ajalloueyan Mohammad , Bagheri Hagh Ali , Taheri Abolfazl
Published: December 2023

Objectives:

Assessment of verbal and auditory capabilities in children with ‘incomplete partition type 2’, after cochlear implant may help to better determination of the appropriateness of this method in these children.

Methods:

In this comparative study, 21 cases with cochlear implant that had ‘incomplete partition type 2’ were enrolled and compared with 35 cochlear implanted cases with no inner ear malformations as control subjects. Then the speech and hearing ability tests including speech intelligibility rating (SIR), Categories of Auditory Perception scale (CAP), consonant-vowel (CV) in noise, word-in-noise (WIN), and quick speech-in-noise (QSIN) were measured in both groups of case and control were determined and compared across the groups.

Results:

The results of tests including SIR, CAP, CV in noise, and word in noise were same across the groups (p > 0.05). The only differed item was speech in noise (p = 0.003).

Conclusion:

Cochlear implant results in same efficacy in verbal capabilities in children with and without inner ear abnormalities. Hence, use of this method is accompanied with successful results even in children with inner ear abnormalities.
Applications of machine learning in time-domain fluorescence lifetime imaging: a review
Authors: Gouzou Dorian , Taimori Ali , Haloubi Tarek , Finlayson Neil , Wang Qiang , Hopgood James R , Vallejo Marta
Published: December 2023

Many medical imaging modalities have benefited from recent advances in Machine Learning (ML), specifically in deep learning, such as neural networks. Computers can be trained to investigate and enhance medical imaging methods without using valuable human resources. In recent years, Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (FLIm) has received increasing attention from the ML community. FLIm goes beyond conventional spectral imaging, providing additional lifetime information, and could lead to optical histopathology supporting real-time diagnostics. However, most current studies do not use the full potential of machine/deep learning models. As a developing image modality, FLIm data are not easily obtainable, which, coupled with an absence of standardisation, is pushing back the research to develop models which could advance automated diagnosis and help promote FLIm. In this paper, we describe recent developments that improve FLIm image quality, specifically time-domain systems, and we summarise sensing, signal-to-noise analysis and the advances in registration and low-level tracking. We review the two main applications of ML for FLIm: lifetime estimation and image analysis through classification and segmentation. We suggest a course of action to improve the quality of ML studies applied to FLIm. Our final goal is to promote FLIm and attract more ML practitioners to explore the potential of lifetime imaging.
On concentrated traveling vortex pairs with prescribed impulse
Authors: Wang Guodong
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we consider a constrained maximization problem related to planar vortex pairs with prescribed impulse. We prove existence, stability and asymptotic behavior for the maximizers, hence obtain a family of stable traveling vortex pairs approaching a pair of point vortices with equal magnitude and opposite signs. As a corollary, we get fine asymptotic estimates for Burton’s vortex pairs with large impulse. We also consider a special non-concentrated case and prove a form of stability for the Chaplygin-Lamb dipole.