bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISADVANTAGED EMPLOYEES IN INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors:   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Institute of Industrial Engineering and Management, MARKOVA PETRA , HOMOKYOVA MARIA ,   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Institute of Industrial Engineering and Management, PRAJOVA VANESSA ,   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Institute of Industrial Engineering and Management, HORVATHOVA MARTINA ,   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Institute of Industrial Engineering and Management
Published: November 2022

The article's subject identifies employee groups affected by the implementation of Industry 4.0 in business practice, either positively or negatively. Apart from the identification of the groups in question, it is essential to name where the disadvantage lies from the subjective point of view of the employees but also the objective point of view. The implementation of Industry 4.0 in enterprises brings not only a threat in the form of redundancy of the current workforce but also an opportunity to make the employees' work performance more efficient and improve their working conditions. Several analytical methods were used to obtain comprehensive analytical background. They were used to identify disadvantaged groups of employees, describe the groups of employees and to what extent they are affected by the work activity, and where their disadvantage lies in implementing Industry 4.0. A comprehensive assessment of the identified disadvantaged groups of employees within Industry 4.0 serves to understand the threats to the workforce better and allows for the targeted implementation of policies and practices to work with the current crew in the changing ways of working within Industry 4.0 and thus also contribute to the prevention of work-related diseases and workforce devaluation.
Cystic nephroma in a 14-year-old-a rare case report
Authors: Gopal Reshmi , Nila Niveditha Ezhilarasan , Menon Dhanya , C. Vimal Chander
Published: November 2022

Cystic nephroma (CN) is an uncommon benign renal tumor with a bimodal age distribution. It often presents with non-specific presenting symptoms. In this study, we report a case of a 14-year-old female patient who presented with a painless abdominal mass, and a left renal cystic lesion was detected on CECT KUB. Left partial nephrectomy was done and a diagnosis of CN made following the histopathological examination of specimen. Owing to its non-specific clinical presentation and radiological findings, it is difficult to distinguish CN from other cystic lesions of kidney like cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma, tubule-cystic renal cell carcinoma, cystic Wilm’s tumor etc., pre-op. This study emphasizes importance of histopathological examination in diagnosis of CN to prevent misdiagnosis and overtreatment. Although it has good prognosis, long term follow-up for local recurrence is recommended.
Development of the Online Course Overload Indicator and the Student Mental Fatigue Survey
Authors: Alleyne Bayne Gail , Inan Fethi A.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the Online Course Overload Indicator (OCOI) and the Student Mental Fatigue Survey (SMFS). The OCOI was designed to measure students’ perceptions of cognitive overload in online courses. The SMFS was used to assess students’ perceptions of mental fatigue while taking online courses. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on a sample of 378 undergraduate students from various institutions offering online courses across the United States. Results of a factor and reliability analyses confirmed that the instruments are valid and reliable measures of students’ perceived mental fatigue and overload from online course elements. The analysis supported the model that students’ perceptions of overload in online courses consist of four constructs—information relevance, information overload, course design, and facilitation—in addition to the one-factor structure of the SMFS, which consists of the student mental fatigue construct.
Specialist CEOs versus Generalist CEOs: CEO Type and Firm Performance Following Initial Public Offerings on the Chinese Market
Authors: Hua Wei
Published: November 2022

This study focuses on the effect of Chief Executive Officer (CEO)-level characteristics on a firm’s survival following initial public offerings (IPOs). Specifically, it looks at the impact of generalist CEOs between July 2009 and July 2021 on the likelihood of firm failure and IPO survival. This study uses principal component analysis to create a generalist skills index based on CEO work experience, including the number of roles that the CEO has held, the number of firms in which the CEO has worked, the number of industries in which the CEO has worked, whether the CEO has taken a CEO position in other firms, whether the CEO has worked in a conglomerate, and whether the CEO holds a professional title. The results of the Cox proportional hazards model reveal that companies with a generalist CEO have a higher probability of failing than companies with a specialist CEO, which suggests that generalist CEOs pursue higher salaries and higher reputations through switching between different industries and firms. Performance-related compensation and CEO turnover in companies with generalist CEOs explain the higher probability of firm failure. The main results still hold after controlling for CEO power, board and firm characteristics, and testing using the logit model. This research on the connection between generalist CEOs and a firm’s failure risk also offers insight into a company's CEO hiring choice and job market activities.
Antibacterial activity of galam soap (Melaleuca cajuputi) against Salmonella typhi as a form of ethnoscience based learning
Authors: Azhari Muh. , Zannah Fathul
Published: November 2022

Central Kalimantan has abundant biodiversity, one of which is galam which is often found in swampy areas in Central Kalimantan. One example of the use of galam is processing it into soap products as an effort to manage plant-based waste typical of Central Kalimantan. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of galam soap (Melaleuca cajuputi) against Salmonella typhi bacteria, where the results of this study have the potential to be developed as a learning resource for the application of ethnoscience-based learning. This study used an experimental research method using the disc method and the research design was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The results showed that galam soap was effective in inhibiting the growth of Salmonella typhi bacteria. The results of these studies can be used as a learning resource in lecture activities as a form of implementation of ethnoscience-based learning using the results of recent research, because ethnoscience-based learning is expected to help create meaningful learning activities.Abstrak Kalimantan Tengah memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang melimpah, salah satunya berupa galam yang seringkali ditemui pada wilayah rawa di Kalimantan Tengah. Salah satu contoh pemanfaatan galam diantaranya diolah manjadi produk sabun sebagai upaya untuk pengelolaan limbah berbasis tumbuhan khas yang ada di Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas anti bakteri sabun galam (Melaleuca cajuputi) terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi, dimana hasil penelitian tersebut sangat berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai sumber belajar untuk penerapan pembelajaran berbasis etnosains. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan metode cakram serta desain penelitiannnya berupa Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sabun galam terbukti efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Salmonella typhi. Hasil penelitian tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber belajar pada kegiatan perkuliahan sebagai bentuk implementasi dari pembelajaran berbasis etnosains menggunakan hasil-hasil penelitian terkini, karena pembelajaran berbasis etnosains diharapkan dapat membantu menciptakan kegiatan pembelajaran yang bermakna.
Practicality of popular scientific books on herbs of Tabanio coastal forest, Tanah Laut Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Mulkan Rakhmani , Soendjoto Mochamad Arief , Dharmono Dharmono
Published: November 2022

A Popular Scientific Book (PSB), which mainly contains 12 species of herbs that grow in the Tabanio Coastal Forest, Tanah Laut Regency, has been compiled, but its practicality has not been determined. The research aims to determine the practicality of the book. The determination is based on the results of the readability test, implementation, and response to the PSB. The subject is a student who has taken a course in Higher Plant Botany (Phanerogamae). Readability was tested one on one by three subjects. Implementation was observed by 5 observers who assessed implementation by small groups (5 subjects) and also by field groups (10 subjects). The instrument is a questionnaire with 9 statements. Responses to PSB were also obtained from small groups consisting of 5 subjects and field groups with 10 subjects. The questionnaire instrument consists of 15 statements. The readability value is 94.23% or categorized as Very Good. The value of the implementation of expectations originating from the small group is 91.11% and the actual implementation of the field group is 92.22%. These two values are categorized as Very Good and seem steady. Expected response values and actual responses are 87.20% and 88.40%, respectively. Both of these response values are categorized as Strongly Agree and also steady. Based on the test results, overall this PSB is practically used with the consideration that any deficiencies found are always revised.Abstrak Buku Ilmiah Popular (BIP) yang konten utamanya 12 spesies herba yang tumbuh di Hutan Pantai Tabanio, Kabupaten Tanah Laut sudah disusun, tetapi kepraktisannya belum ditentukan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan kepraktisan buku tersebut. Penentuannya berdasarkan pada hasil uji keterbacaan, keterlaksanaan, dan respons terhadap BIP. Subjeknya adalah mahasiswa yang pernah mengambil mata kuliah Botani Tumbuhan Tinggi (Phanerogamae). Keterbacaan diuji satu lawan satu oleh tiga subjek. Keterlaksanaan diamati oleh 5 pengamat yang menilai pelaksanaan oleh kelompok kecil (5 subjek) dan juga oleh kelompok lapangan (10 subjek). Instrumennya berupa angket dengan 9 pernyataan. Respons terhadap BIP diperoleh juga dari kelompok kecil yang terdiri atas 5 subjek dan kelompok lapangan dengan 10 subjek. Instrumen angketnya terdiri atas 15 pernyataan. Nilai keterbacaan adalah 94,23% atau terkategori Sangat Baik. Nilai keterlaksanaan harapan yang bersumber dari kelompok kecil adalah 91,11% dan keterlaksanaan aktual dari kelompok lapangan 92,22%. Kedua nilai ini dikategorikan Sangat Baik dan terkesan ajeg. Nilai respons harapan dan respons aktual berturut-turut adalah 87,20% dan 88,40%. Kedua nilai respons ini terkategori Sangat Setuju dan juga bersifat ajeg. Berdasarkan pada hasil uji itu, secara keseluruhan BIP ini praktis digunakan dengan pertimbangan bahwa segala kekurangan yang ditemukan selalu direvisi.
Are scientific literacy and students’ environmental attitudes on ecosystem materials and environmental change correlated?
Authors: Dianti Putri Rahma , Sueb Sueb
Published: November 2022

This study aims to analyze the relationship between scientific literacy and students' environmental attitudes. Data were collected using a survey method with scientific literacy test instruments and environmental attitude questionnaires. The research samples are 123 students of MAN 1 Kuantan Singingi, Riau. Data were analyzed using Spearman's Correlational test. The results of research for student scientific literacy in three indicators get an average score 65.5 for indicators explaining scientific phenomena, 60 for indicators of scientific design and evaluation and 83.6 for indicators of data interpretation and scientific facts. The results of students' environmental attitudes on the four indicators get an average of 3.9 and 3.7. The results of the correlation test shown that the correlation coefficient of scientific literacy and environmental attitudes is 0.850 > 0.05, which is not correlated. Based on this research, it can be explained that 1) the overall scientific literacy of students is in the moderate category 2) the overall environmental attitude of students is in the high category and 3) There is no correlation between students' scientific literacy and environmental attitudes. Pros and cons were found between the results of this study and previous studies. Further, broader research is needed to explore the causes of these differences, and to state their impact on education in the future.Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara literasi sains dan sikap lingkungan siswa. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode survei dengan instrumen tes literasi sains dan angket sikap lingkungan. Sampel penelitian merupakan 123 siswa MAN 1 Kuantan Singingi, Riau. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Korelasional Spearman. Hasil penelitian untuk literasi sains siswa pada tiga indikator mendapatkan rerata sebesar 65,5 untuk indikator menjelaskan fenomena saintifik, 60 untuk indikator desain dan evaluasi saintifik dan 83,6 untuk indikator interpretasi data dan fakta saintifik. Hasil sikap lingkungan siswa pada empat indikator mendapatkan rerata sebesar 3,9 dan 3,7.  Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan koefisien korelasi literasi sains dan sikap lingkungan sebesar 0,850 > 0,05, yaitu tidak berkorelasi. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut dapat dijelaskan bahwa 1) Literasi sains siswa secara keseluruhan berada pada kategori sedang 2) Sikap lingkungan siswa secara keseluruhan berada pada kategori tinggi dan 3) Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara literasi sains siswa dan sikap lingkungan. Ditemukannya pro dan kontra antara hasil penelitian ini dengan penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya. Diperlukan penelitian lanjutan lebih luas untuk menelisik penyebab perbedaan tersebut, dan menyatakan dampaknya bagi pendidikan di masa depan.
EFFECT OF STIFFENER VARIATION ON THE FLEXURAL CAPACITYOF CASTELLATED BEAM HEXAGONAL OPENING
Authors: Jimmy Ahmad , Barkiah Ida
Published: November 2022

One of the innovations that could be done is to change the WF steel profile into a castellated beam with hexagonal openings. This research examines the effect of adding stiffener variations on castellated beams with hexagonal openings on flexural capacity. The steel profile used is a WF 150x75x5x7 steel profile with BJ 37 which is made into a castellated beam with hexagonal openings with an opening angle of 45° and a profile cut width of 50 mm with a beam length of 2000 mm with variations of stiffeners are plate 35x6, reinforcement Ø-16, and elbows. 25.25.4 with variations in distance of 200 mm and 400 mm. The analysis in this study uses manual analysis and numerical testing using the software. From the results obtained from the analysis, the flexural capacity, deformation, stress, and failure patterns that occur with each model will be compared. Based on the research results, it was found that the capacity of all models using stiffeners was greater than that of castellated steel beams without stiffeners. The reinforcement with a distance of 200 mm is the largest stiffener that can withstand the load with an increase of 6.25%.
MARSHALL CHARACTERISTICS ANALYSIS USING VARIATION WITHOUT BROKEN AND MANY FRACTURES OF GRAVEL ON MIXED HOT ROLLED SHEET - WEARING COURSE (HRS-WC)
Authors: Sari Dela Permata , Yasrudin Yasrudin
Published: November 2022

The asphalt pavement layer is composed of a mixture of coarse aggregate, medium aggregate, fine aggregate and asphalt. The use of coarse aggregate and medium aggregate derived from natural aggregates or rivers which are taken directly without the process of breaking the stone with a stone crusher (Stone Crusher) resulted in poor quality and will affect all Marshall test parameters. Therefore, research usinggravel without broken planes, one broken plane, two broken planes, and many cracked areas on coarse aggregate were carried out to determine the characteristics of gravel, and carried out Marshall testing to obtain optimal asphalt content, as well as analyzing the results of the comparison of Marshall characteristic values, among others, resistance (stability), plastic melting (flow), VIM, VMA, VFB, Marshall quotient (Marshall Quotient/MQ) and density of the HRS-WC mixture.The results of the study show The value of the optimum asphalt content in HRS-WC without cracks and many cracked areas is 6.5%, the density value between the HRS-WC asphalt mixture without cracked areas and the HRS-WC asphalt mixture with many cracked areas from the optimum asphalt content is the same value. The value of stability, flow, VFB, and Immersion Index of the HRS- WC asphalt mixture without cracks is smaller than the value of the HRS-WC asphalt mixture with many cracked areas. The value of VIM, VMA, and MQ of the HRS-WC asphalt mixture without cracks is greater than the value of the HRS-WC asphalt mixture with many areas.
CASE STUDY OF THE CAUSES OF FAILURE OF COMBINATION OF GABION AND GEOTEXTILE CONSTRUCTION TO HANDLE LANDSLIDES ON THE SLOPE OF KARIANGAU SUBSTATION, BALIKPAPAN, EAST BORNEO
Authors: Rahmadania Desy , Rusdiansyah Rusdiansyah
Published: November 2022

The slope of the GI Kariangau, Balikpapan, East Kalimantan uses a combination of gabion and geotextile construction to handle landslides on the slopes. However, there was a failure that indicated deformation of the gabion reinforcement and damage to the geotextile sheet. The failure of the reinforcement was caused by a landslide on the slope. This design begins with the collection of the necessary secondary data. Then proceed to calculate the stability of the gabion reinforcement at each level. This was followed by modeling the slope using the Geo5 2020 slope stability demo version program to get the safety factor value. Analysis of the program was carried out under various conditions, namely slopes before and after reinforcement, excavation at the foot of the slopes, and variations in groundwater level. From the results of the analysis, the value of the slope safety factor before and after being reinforced was 5.46 and 5.76. An increase in the value of the safety factor before and after the reinforcement of gabions shows that gabions play a role in increasing slope stability. The value of the slope safety factor before and after the landslide was 5.46 and 0.78. The decrease in the value of the slope safety factor before and after excavation activities shows that excavation has an effect on reducing the value of slope stability but is still within safe limits. Rain conditions affect reducing the value of soil parameters so that it affects the strength of the slopes. The failure of the combined construction of gabion reinforcement and geotextiles was caused by a decrease in the value of the shear strength of the soil due to saturated soil conditions in the gabion reinforcement area.
ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS AND PARKING NEEDS OF PARINGIN MARKET, BALANGAN REGENCY
Authors: Yosana Egga , Arsyad Muhammad
Published: November 2022

As one of the shopping centers in the Paringin area, Balangan Regency, Paringin market is needed by the community, especially in Balangan Regency. The problem that is often found in areas that have high activity such as markets is parking. One thing that needs to be done to reduce this problem is to analyze the parking area in the area. Things that need to be analyzed are parking characteristics, namely by analyzing parking volume, parking accumulation, parking duration, turnover rate (parking turn over), parking capacity (parking supply), parking index, and parking demand analysis. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of parking and parking requirements in the Paringin market. The method used in this study is a direct survey in the field to obtain the number of parked vehicles, namely by recording the number of vehicles entering and leaving for 3 days according to actual conditions in the field. From the results of this study, it was found that the highest volume was 208 vehicles, the highest accumulation was 50 vehicles and the average parking duration was 2,083 hours/vehicle. The highest turn over value is 0.253 vehicles/SRP/hour, and the highest parking index is 55.68%. The number of parking lots currently available is 103 parking lots so that this capacity is sufficient to accommodate parking users during peak hours.Keywords: parking characteristics, parking demand, paringin market
ANALYSIS OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT THICKNESS AT THE 3 NORTH RING ROAD JUNCTION- 3 GOLF ROAD-KASTURI ROAD IN BANJARBARU CITY
Authors: Riswandi M. , Yasruddin Yasruddin
Published: November 2022

On the Simpang 3 north ring road - Simpang 3 Jalan Golf - Jalan Kasturi which is the access road to the new Syamsudin Noor airport which is an international airport which will experience an increase in passengers which will result in an increase in traffic volume. This study aims to obtained flexible pavement thickness using the Road Pavement Design Manual Number 02/M/BM/2017 compared to PT T-01-2002-B and predict the remaining pavement life against traffic increases that occur in the coming year. then plan complementary buildings and road equipment and calculate the cost budget plan using the 2016 AHSP.From the calculation results of the 2 methods there are differences in the thickness of the flexible pavement. In the calculation of flexible pavement thickness using the Road Pavement Design Manual method no. 02/M/BM/2017 namely AC WC = 4 cm; AC Binder = 6 cm; AC Base = 8CM; LPA = 30 cm and CBR Subgrade= 0.73% with Support Layer = 1550. As for the calculation, results of the Pt T-01- 2002-B method, the results obtained are AC-WC pavement thickness = 4 cm, AC BC = 6 cm, AC Base = 15 cm, LPB = 15 cm. In addition, in writing this final project, it also discusses predicting the remaining life of the pavement and then planning complementary buildings and road equipment, for the results of the budget plan (RAB) with the result: Rp. 33,550,716,390.78 -Keywords: Road Pavement Design Manual Number 02/M/BM/2017, prediction of remaining pavement, Complementary Buildings and Road Equipment, Cost Budget Plan.
PENGARUH PERENDAMAN WATER SETTABLE GIC PADA AIR SUNGAI DAN AIR PDAM TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK DIAMETRAL
Authors: Gunawan Muhammad Rezky , Diana Sherli , D. Setyawardhana R. Harry
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTBackground: Dental and oral health problems according to Riskesdas (2018) in Indonesia is 57.6% and South Borneo is almost 60%. High level of damage in South Borneo is caused by the people still consumption of river water as a source of clean water. Caries can be treated by restoration of tooth, one of them is water settable GIC.. Objective: Knowing the effect of water settable GIC immersion in river water and PDAM water to diametric tensile strength. Method: This study used a true experimental laboratory research method with a post test only design with a control group design on 27 samples which were divided into 3 groups immersion.  Result: This research shows that the mean of diametric tensile strength in group 1 (7.15 MPa), group 2 (8.42 MPa), and group 3 (10.54 MPa). The One Way Anova statistical test shows the value of (P <0.05) which means that there is a significant difference in the value of the diametric tensile strength of each treatment group. Conclusion: There is an effect on the decrease in the value of the diametric tensile strength after immersion of water settable GIC in river water and PDAM water.Keywords: Diametric Tensile Strength. PDAM water, River water, Water settable GIC.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut menurut Riskesdas (2018) di Indonesia sebesar 57,6% dan di Kalimantan Selatan hampir 60%. Tingginya permasalahan kesehatan gigi dan mulut tersebut dikarenakan masyarakat masih menggunakan air sungai sebagai sumber air bersih. Karies gigi dapat dirawat dengan melakukan restorasi, salah satunya adalah water settable GIC. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh perendaman water settable GIC pada air sungai dan air PDAM terhadap kekuatan tarik diametral. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimental murni laboratoris (true experimental laboratories) dengan rancangan post test only with control group design pada 27 sampel yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok perendaman. Hasil:Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kekuatan tarik diametral kelompok 1 (7,15MPa), kelompok 2 (8,42MPa), dan kelompok 3 (10,54MPa). Uji statistik One Way Anova menunjukkan nilai (P<0,05) yang berarti terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada nilai kekuatan tarik diametral setiap kelompok perlakuan. Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh terhadap penurunan nilai kekuatan tarik diametral setelah perendaman water settable GIC pada air sungai dan air PDAM.Kata kunci: Air PDAM,Air sungai, Kekuatan tarik diametral, Water settable GIC.
PENGARUH APLIKASI BONDING ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP JUMLAH BAKTERI LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS YANG MELEKAT PADA TUMPATAN RESIN KOMPOSIT BIOAKTIF
Authors: Khadafi Muhammad Muamar , Ichrom Nahzi Muhammad Yanuar , Wibowo Diana
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTBackground: Adhesion of Lactobacillus acidophilus can cause secondary caries and failure of tooth restorations. One of the secondary caries prevention methods is the use of bioactive composite resins which have antibacterial properties. The antibacterial effect is further enhanced by the use of bonding which has antibacterial monomers. The two-step adhesive system in the 6th generation bonding has acid monomers which have been shown to significantly inhibit bacterial growth. Objective: To determine and analyze the effect of bonding application with antibacterial content on the amount of attachment of Lactobacillus acidophilus to bioactive composite resin restoration. Methods: This study design used true experimental with a post-test only design with control group design using 39 premolars 1 tooth divided into 3 groups: the treatment group that was given bonding and the control group that did not use bonding. Results: The results of the One Way ANOVA showed a significant difference (p = 0.000). Post hoc Bonferroni test results showed a significant difference (p = 0.000) between the treatment group and the control group. Conclusion: In the use of antibacterial, non-antibacterial bonding, and without bonding, there were significant differences in the number of attachments of Lactobacillus acidophilus to the restoration material.Keywords: Antibacterial, Bioactive Composite Resin, Lactobacillus acidophilus.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Perlekatan Lactobacillus acidophilus dapat menyebabkan terjadinya karies sekunder dan kegagalan restorasi gigi. Salah satu metode pencegahan karies sekunder adalah dengan penggunaan resin komposit bioaktif yang memiliki sifat antibakteri. Efek antibakteri semakin ditingkatkan dengan penggunaan bonding yang memiliki monomer antibakteri. Sistem adhesive  two step pada bonding generasi ke-6 memiliki monomer asam yang terbukti signifikan menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Tujuan: Mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh aplikasi bonding dengan kandungan antibakteri terhadap jumlah perlekatan bakteri Lactobacillus acidophilus pada material restorasi resin komposit bioaktif. Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunkan penelitian eksperimental murni (true experimental) dengan rancangan post test only with control group design  menggunakan 39 gigi premolar 1 dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok: kelompok perlakuan yang diberi bonding dan kelompok kontrol yang tidak menggunakan bonding. Hasil: Hasil uji statistik One Way Anova menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna (p = 0,000). Hasil uji Post hoc bonferoni  menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna (p = 0,000) antara kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulan: Pada penggunaan bonding antibakteri, bonding non-antibakteri, dan tanpa bonding terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada jumlah bakteri Lactobacillus acidophilus yang melekat pada material restorasi.Kata kunci : Antibakteri, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Resin Komposit Bioaktif.
PREVALENSI DAN ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN GINGIVITIS DAN PERIODONTITIS PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS (Literature Review)
Authors: Rizkiyah Miftakhu , Oktiani Beta Widya , Wardani Ika Kusuma
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTBackground: Diabetes mellitus is associated with periodontal disease and considered as a risk factor for periodontal disease. Periodontal disease can be divided into gingivitis and periodontitis. Age, gender, blood glucose level, and duration of diabetes mellitus were considered as risk factors of gingivitis and periodontitis. Objective: To determine the prevalence and relationship between age, sex, blood glucose level, and duration of diabetes mellitus with gingivitis and periodontitis. Method: This study used a literature review research type. Data search was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Literature screening based on the inclusions and continued with article selection. The selected literature is then extracted, analyzed, and synthesized. Results: A total of 38 articles selected because they match inclusion and exclusion criteria which using the keywords diabetes mellitus, risk factors, gingivitis, periodontal disease, periodontitis, and prevalence; published in 2011-2020; written in Indonesian or English; available in full text; and not duplication. Conclusion: Patients with diabetes mellitus experience more periodontitis. Age, sex, and duration of diabetes mellitus were associated with gingivitis and periodontitis. Keywords : Diabetes mellitus, Gingivitis, Periodontal Disease, Periodontitis, Prevalence, dan Risk factors.ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Diabetes melitus berhubungan dengan penyakit periodontal dan dianggap sebagai faktor risiko penyakit periodontal. Penyakit periodontal secara umum dapat dibedakan menjadi gingivitis dan periodontitis. Usia, jenis kelamin, kadar glukosa darah, dan durasi menderita diabetes melitus dianggap sebagai faktor risiko kejadian gingivitis dan periodontitis. Tujuan: Mengetahui prevalensi dan hubungan usia, jenis kelamin, kadar glukosa darah, dan durasi menderita diabetes melitus dengan kejadian gingivitis dan periodontitis. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian literature review. Pencarian sumber data dilakukan menggunakan PubMed, Google Scholar,  dan Science Direct. Screening literature berdasarkan inklusi dan dilanjutkan dengan seleksi artikel. Literature yang telah dipilih kemudian diekstraksi, dianalisis, dan disintesis. Hasil: Terdapat 38 artikel yang dipilih sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yaitu menggunakan kata kunci diabetes melitus, faktor risiko, gingivitis, penyakit periodontal, periodontitis, dan prevalensi; dipublikasi tahun 2011-2020; ditulis dalam Bahasa Indonesia atau Inggris; tersedia dalam bentuk full text; dan bukan duplikasi. Kesimpulan: Pasien diabetes melitus lebih banyak mengalami periodontitis. Faktor risiko seperti usia, jenis kelamin, dan durasi menderita diabetes melitus berhubungan dengan kejadian gingivitis dan periodontitis. Kata kunci : Diabetes melitus, Faktor risiko, Gingivitis, Penyakit periodontal, Periodontitis, dan Prevalensi.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN TINDAKAN KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT TERHADAP TINGKAT KERUSAKAN GIGI PADA SISWA SMP
Authors: Namira Helena Maulida , Hatta Isnur , Sari Galuh Dwinta
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTBackground: Dental caries caused by lack of students’s knowledge, attitude and actions about dental and oral health is an important concern in health development. Dental and oral health maintenance behavior plays a important role in maintaining the health of student’s teeth from caries. Objectives: To analyze the relationship of knowledge, attitude and action of dental and oral health to the level of caries in grade 1 students at SMPN 1 Alalak Barito Kuala. Method: This research is an analytical observational study with cross sectional design. Total amount of respondents are 32 students. Respondent was examined by DMF-T index and then answered questionnaires about dental and oral health knowledge, attitudes, and actions. Furthermore the data was analyze using spearman test. Result: Spearman test showed that a relationship between knowledge, attitude and action with level of caries (p<0.05) in grade 1 students at SMPN 1 Alalak Barito Kuala. Conclusion: There is a meaningful relationship between knowledge, attitude and action with level of caries in grade 1 students at SMPN 1 Alalak Barito Kuala.Keyword: Action, Attitude, DMF-T, KnowledgeABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Masalah kerusakan gigi berupa karies gigi pada siswa yang disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan siswa tentang pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut.  menjadi hal penting dalam pembangunan kesehatan. Perilaku pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan hal yang berperan dalam menjaga kesehatan gigi siswa dari karies. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan kesehatan gigi dan mulut terhadap tingkat kerusakan gigi pada siswa kelas 1 di SMPN 1 Alalak Kabupaten Barito Kuala. Metode: Menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dengan responden penelitian sebesar 32 siswa. Masing-masing responden dilakukan pemeriksaan kerusakan gigi dan mulut dengan indeks DMF-T kemudian menjawab kuesioner mengenai pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji spearman. Hasil: Uji spearman menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan dengan status kerusakan gigi dan mulut (p<0,05) pada siswa kelas 1 di SMPN 1 Alalak Kabupaten Barito Kuala. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan dengan status kerusakan gigi dan mulut pada siswa kelas 1 di SMPN 1 Alalak Kabupaten Barito Kuala.Kata kunci: DMF-T, Pengetahuan, Sikap, Tindakan.
PENGARUH PERENDAMAN WATER SETTABLE GIC DALAM AIR SUNGAI DAN AIR PDAM TERHADAP KEKUATAN IKAT GESER
Authors: Alifuddin Nur As , Diana Sherli , Maglenda Buyung
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTBackground: River water is acidic, causing caries. Dental caries can be treated by performing restorations, one of which is GIC. Increasing technology, one of the newest is water settable GIC. Water-settable GIC can be directly mixed with sterile water making it easier for dentists because of its easy application. The advantage of water settable GIC is its high resistance to abrasion so it has a high shear bond strength. Objective: Knowing the effect of water settable GIC immersion in river water and PDAM water to diametric shear bond strength. Method: This.study used a true experimental laboratory research method with a post test only design with a control group design on 27 samples which were divided into 3 groups immersion. After immersion, the value of the diametral tensile strength is measured using a universal testing machine by compressing it until the sample breaks. Result: There was a significant difference between the value of the diametric tensile strength of the sample groups of water settable GIC that immersed in river water and the sample groups of conventional GIC that immersed in aquadest. Conclusion: There is an effect due to water settable GIC immersion in river water and PDAM water to shear bond.strength. Keywords: River Water, PDAM, Shear Bond Strength, Water Settable GIC. ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Air sungai bersifat asam, sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya karies. Karies gigi dapat dirawat dengan melakukan restorasi, salah satunya adalah GIC. Semakin meningkatnya teknologi, Salah satu yang terbaru yaitu water settable GIC. Water-settable GIC dapat langsung di campur dengan air steril sehingga mempermudah dokter gigi karena pengaplikasiannya yang mudah. Kelebihan dari water settable GIC adalah resistensi yang tinggi terhadap abrasi sehingga memiliki kekuatan ikat geser yang tinggi.. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh perendaman water settable GIC dalam air sungai dan air PDAM terhadap kekuatan ikat geser. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimental murni laboratoris (true experimental laboratories) dengan rancangan post test only with control group design pada 27 sampel yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok perendaman. Nilai kekuatan ikat geser pada sampel diukur dengan menggunakan universal testing machine. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara nilai kekuatan ikat geser kelompok sampel water settable GIC yang direndam dalam air sungai dengan kelompok sampel water settable GIC yang direndam dalam akuades. Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh akibat perendaman water settable GIC dalam air sungai dan air PDAM terhadap kekuatan ikat geser. Kata kunci : Air PDAM, Air sungai, Kekuatan Ikat Geser, Water settable GIC.
UJI KITOSAN SISIK IKAN HARUAN (Channa striata) TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ENZIM GLUKOSILTRANSFERASE Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Rachfa Moch. Andhika Firdausi , Tri Putri Deby Kania , Dewi Renie Kumala
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTBackground: Streptococcus mutans is a bacterium that acts as the main agent for dental caries. These bacteria have glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzyme which can catalyze sucrose into adhesive glucans, this pathogen nature also plays a role in biofilm structures. Haruan fish (Channa striata) of chitosan known as a natural ingredient which has antibacterial properties, the content of amine groups (NH2) in chitosan can inhibit the activity of the GTF enzyme from Streptococcus mutans Purpose: To explain the effect of chitosan from haruan fish scales on the activity of the enzyme Glucosyltransferase Streptococcus mutans. Methods: This research was a true experimental study with a post-test only design with control group design using haruan fish scales chitosan with concentration of 1.5%, 2.5%, 3.5%, 4% and measured using High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC to see activity of the glucosyltransferase enzyme. Results: This study showed that 1.5% concentration of haruan fish scales chitosan was able to inhibit the enzyme activity with a value of 82.689 unit. Conclusion: Haruan fish scales chitosan with concentration 1.5%, 2.5%, 3.5%, 4% has the same ability as 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate in inhibiting the activity of the GTF S. mutans enzyme. Key words: Chitosan, glucosyltransferase enzyme, HPLC, Streptococcus mutans. ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Streptococcus mutans merupakan bakteri yang berperan sebagai agen utama terjadinya karies gigi. Bakteri ini memiliki enzim glukosiltransferase (GTF) yang dapat mengkatalis sukrosa menjadi glukan yang bersifat adhesive sehingga meningkatkan perlekatan bakteri, sifat patogen ini juga berperan dalam pembentukan struktur biofilm. Kitosan sisik ikan haruan (Channa striataGen gtfB, gtfC, gtfD) diketahui sebagai bahan alami yang memiliki sifat antibakteri. Kandungan gugus amina (NH2) dalam kitosan ikan haruan dapat menghambat aktivitas enzim GTF Streptococcus mutans. Tujuan: Menjelaskan pengaruh kitosan sisik ikan haruan (Channa striata) Terhadap aktivitas enzim Glukosiltransferase Streptococcus mutans. Metode: penelitian true experimental dengan rancangan post test only with control group design menggunakan kitosan sisik ikan haruan konsentrasi 1,5%, 2,5%, 3,5%, 4% dan diukur menggunakan High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) untuk melihat aktivitas enzim glukosiltransferase. Hasil: Hasil dari pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kitosan sisik ikan haruan konsentrasi 1,5% sudah mampu menghambat aktivitas enzim dengan nilai 82,689unit Kesimpulan: Kitosan sisik ikan haruan konsentrasi 1,5%, 2,5%, 3,5%, 4% memiliki kemampuan yang setara dengan Chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% dalam menghambat aktivitas enzim GTF S. mutans. Kata kunci : Enzim Glukosiltransferase, HPLC, Kitosan, Streptococcus mutans.
PENGARUH PAPARAN RADIASI TERHADAP pH SALIVA
Authors: Aulia Nida , Sukmana Bayu Indra , Diana Sherli
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTBackground: The field of medicine is currently experiencing high progress, one of which is the radiography. The use of X-rays in medicine is as a diagnostic and therapeutic aid. X-rays can be used for diagnosis and treatment of patients. Therapy using radiation is called radiotherapy. Radiotherapy is one way of dealing with cancer, including cancer of the head and neck. The basic principle in radiotherapy for cancer or malignancy is to cause damage to every molecule that is exposed to radiation, resulting in the rupture of cell molecules so that cell damage occurs. Objective: To review various research articles related to the description of the effect of radiation on salivary pH. Methods: A review was conducted on 8 journals that were found to match the inclusion criteria such as journals available in full-text form and research subjects on the effect of radiation on salivary pH. Results: Based on 8 articles that have been reviewed, it was found that 8 articles (100%) stated that there was an effect of radiation on salivary pH after exposure to radiation after radiotherapy. The results showed that articles related to decreasing salivary pH stated that after being exposed to radiation after radiotherapy they tended to decrease salivary pH rather than increase it. Conclusion: there was a decrease in salivary pH after exposure to radiation. Keywords: Radiation, radiotherapy, salivary glands, salivary pH, X-rays. ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Bidang kedokteran saat ini telah mengalami kemajuan yang tinggi, salah satunya bagian radiografi. Penggunaan sinar-X dalam bidang kedokteran adalah sebagai alat bantu diagnostik dan terapi. Sinar-X dapat dimanfaatkan untuk diagnosa maupun terapi pasien. Terapi dengan menggunakan radiasi disebut radioterapi. Radioterapi merupakan salah satu cara dalam usaha menanggulangi kanker, termasuk kanker pada bagian kepala dan leher. Prinsip dasar dalam radioterapi kanker atau keganasan adalah menimbulkan kerusakan pada setiap molekul yang terkena paparan sinar radiasinya mengakibatkan pecahnya molekul-molekul sel sehingga terjadi kerusakan sel.  Tujuan: Mengulas berbagai artikel penelitian yang berkaitan dengan gambaran pengaruh radiasi terhadap pH saliva. Metode: Review dilakukan pada 8 jurnal yang ditemukan sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi seperti jurnal tersedia dalam bentuk full-text dan subjek penelitian pengaruh radiasi terhadap pH saliva. Hasil: Berdasarkan 8 artikel yang telah dilakukan telaah, didapatkan bahwa 8 artikel (100%) menyatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh radiasi terhadap pH saliva setelah terkena paparan radiasi pasca radioterapi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa artikel yang berkaitan dengan penurunan pH saliva menyatakan setelah terkena radiasi pasca radioterapi cenderung dapat menurunkan pH saliva daripada meningkatkan pH tersebut. Kesimpulan: Terjadi penurunan pH saliva setelah terkena paparan radiasi. Kata kunci: Kelenjar saliva, , pH saliva, radiasi, radioterapi, sinar-X.
PENGARUH KOMBINASI BUDESONIDE DAN FORMOTEROL TERHADAP KEKASARAN PERMUKAAN RESIN KOMPOSIT BIOAKTIF
Authors: Rahmasari Alya , Erlita Isyana , Diana Sherli
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT      Background: The combination of budesonide and formoterol is an effective treatment for asthma. The fumaric acid contained in the combination asthma drug budesonide and formoterol affects the condition of the oral cavity, so that it becomes acidic and causes surface roughness of tooth restorations, one of which is a composite resin whose physical properties and materials have been developed, namely bioactive composite resin. Objective: To know the effect of exposure to the combination of budesonide and formoterol asthma drug 320/9µg, 640/18µg, which was soaked only in artificial saliva on the surface roughness of the composite resin. Method: This study use a sample in the form of a disc-shaped bioactive composite resin, 10mm in diameter and 2mm in thickness using ISO 4049 specifications and divided into 3 groups, namely the group exposed to the combine asthma drug budesonide and formoterol at doses of 320/9µg, 640/18µg, and the group that was immersed in artificial saliva. Result: One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc Bonferonni showed a significant difference in the roughness value of the bioactive composite resin between group exposed to the combination of budesonide and formoterol asthma drug 640/18µg and the group that was soaked only in artificial saliva. Conclusion: There is an effect of exposure to the combination of budesonide and formoterol asthma drug on the surface roughness of the bioactive composite resin. Keywords: bioactive composite resin, budesonide and formoterol, surface roughness. ABSTRAK      Latar Belakang: Kombinasi budesonide dan formoterol merupakan penanganan yang efektif untuk mengatasi asma. Asam fumarat yang terkandung dalam obat asma kombinasi budesonide dan formoterol mempengaruhi kondisi rongga mulut, sehingga menjadi asam dan menyebabkan kekasaran permukaan restorasi gigi yang salah satunya adalah resin komposit yang telah dikembangkan sifat fisik dan materialnya yaitu resin komposit bioaktif. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh paparan obat asma kombinasi budesonide dan formoterol 320/9µg, 640/18µg, dan hanya direndam saliva buatan terhadap kekasaran permukaan resin komposit. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel berupa resin komposit bioaktif yang berbentuk cakram berdiameter 10mm dan tebal 2mm menggunakan spesifikasi ISO 4049 serta dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yaitu kelompok paparan obat asma kombinasi budesonide dan formoterol 320/9µg, 640/18µg dan yang hanya direndam saliva buatan. Hasil: One Way ANOVA dan Post Hoc Bonferonni menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna pada nilai kekasaran resin komposit bioaktif antara kelompok paparan obat asma kombinasi budesonide dan formoterol 640/18µg dengan kelompok yang hanya direndam saliva buatan. Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh paparan obat asma kombinasi budesonide dan formoterol terhadap kekasaran permukaan resin komposit bioaktif. Kata kunci: Budesonide dan formoterol,kekasaran permukaan, resin komposit bioaktif.