bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FAULTING PERFORMANCE MODEL FOR UNDOWELED JOINTED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS USING SHRP-LTPP DATABASE
Authors: Nuch Neeraj , Hyung Bae Kim
Published: January 2025

Joint faulting of undoweled transverse joints contributes to longitudinal roughness, and subsequent user discomfort (poor ride quality) and needs for rehabilitation and repair. In this paper the authors propose two (based on support conditions) joint faulting prediction models based on the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) - Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) database. The models consist of explanatory variables like shear capacity, pavement support, temperature, unconfined compressive strength, size ratios, and pavement response. Variables (from the database) like shear capacity, load transfer efficiency, pavement support, and crack widths were back calculated using mechanistic-empirical algorithms for more realistic estimates. Efforts were made to determine the form of the model and explanatory variables that made engineering sense, rather than blindly relying on statistical tools. The paper discusses the methodology used in selecting explanatory variables (independent variables) in the model development and results of the sensitivity analysis. The analysis of the data has shown that undoweledjoint faulting is a function of traffic, joint shear capacity, joint spacing, base type and pavement support. The paper provides a comprehensive reliability analysis (with illustrative example) of the models developed.
FUNDAMENTALS OF TRANSPORT PROPERTIES AND IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY IN CEMENT-BASED MATERIALS
Authors: Shane John D. , Mason Thomas O.
Published: January 2025

A fundamental step in predicting the durability of cement-based materials is understanding the relationships that exist between transport properties and microstructure, particularly ionic diffusivity and hydraulic permeability. This is especially true when designing and implementing materials to be used for pavement, as they are often exposed to damaging substances such as chloride-containing deicing salts, seawater, sulfates, and carbonates. This manuscript provides a brief overview of the chemistry and microstructure of cement-based materials, and how they influence the transport properties and hence the durability. Several commonly used measurement techniques will also be reviewed. Additionally, the theory and application of impedance spectroscopy to the measurement of transport properties in cement-based materials will be presented.
HIGH QUALITY CEMENT TREATED CRUSHED STONES FOR CONCRETE PAVEMENT BASES
Authors: Balbo José T.
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the mechanical properties of Cement Treated Crushed Stones (CTCS), a pivotal material for concrete pavement bases. It emphasizes the significance of controlling moisture content for achieving optimal mechanical properties, advocating for a moisture level about 1.5% points below the optimum compaction moisture. The research showcases that with appropriate moisture control and compaction, CTCS can achieve mechanical strengths comparable to roller compacted concretes. The findings suggest that CTCS, with controlled dosage as proposed, serves as a promising alternative for constructing high-quality bases for concrete pavements, thereby presenting a viable option for highway agencies and decision-makers considering material costs and availability.(Abstract generated by AI tool ChatGPT 4)
LONGTERM PERFORMANCE OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS IN JAPAN
Authors: Hara Chisato , Ikeda Takuya , Matsuno Saburo , Nishizawa Tatsuo
Published: January 2025

In Japan, a test section of prestressed concrete (PC) pavement was constructed on a city street in Osaka in 1958, twelve years after the first construction of PC pavement in Europe. From 1961 to 1964, a comprehensive investigation was conducted on a test PC pavement on a yard by Public Work Research Institute, Ministry of Construction and fundamental data were collected. Since then, a number of PC pavements have been widely used in roads airports and yards. High percentage of the PC pavements are now still in service. Some of them are more than 20 years old and show relatively good performance. This paper summarizes Japanese experiences of design and construction of PC pavement for roads. Results of field survey performed on old PC pavements are also presented and discussed.
Model Development and Interim Design Procedure Guidelines for Ultra-thin Whitetopping Pavements
Authors: Mack James W. , Wu Chung Lung , Tarr Scott , Refai Tarek
Published: January 2025

This article presents a comprehensive study aimed at developing a mechanistic design procedure for Ultra-Thin Whitetopping (UTW) pavements, addressing a gap in existing pavement design methodologies for this innovative resurfacing technique. UTW involves the application of very thin concrete overlays on deteriorated asphalt pavements to create a bonded composite pavement system, leveraging high-quality concrete with close joint spacings and the inherent bond between concrete and asphalt to reduce overlay thickness. The research, sponsored by the Portland Cement Association and the American Concrete Pavement Association, combined literature reviews, field surveys, load testing, and both 3D and 2D finite element modeling to propose a design procedure that incorporates critical factors such as interface bonding, joint spacing, and the performance of concrete and asphalt under traffic loading and environmental stresses. The proposed design method, which is iterative in nature, aims to ensure the structural integrity and durability of UTW pavements by considering both concrete and asphalt fatigue, thereby providing a scientifically backed approach to determining optimal concrete thickness and joint spacing. This work is expected to enhance the performance and reliability of UTW pavements, encouraging their broader adoption in pavement rehabilitation projects. (Abstract generated by AI tool ChatGPT 4)
MULTIFUNCTION CONCRETE ROADWAYS POTENTIALS IN URBAN AREAS
Authors: Christory J.P. , Bonnet G.
Published: January 2025

This paper, authored by J.P. Christory and G. Bonnet from the French Public Works Ministry, highlights the advancements in multifunctional concrete pavements within urban settings, particularly in France. As urban populations demand better quality of life, including reduced noise, pollution, and improved safety, the traditional role of pavements extends beyond mere durability and cost-efficiency. This paper explores the shift towards pavements that also offer aesthetic value, noise reduction, and enhanced environmental performance.
The concept of Porous Urban Pavements (PUPs) is introduced as a response to these expanded roles, integrating functions like water management, noise attenuation, and improved safety through innovative material compositions and designs. These pavements are classified based on their multifunctionality, showing varied applications in urban environments to address specific disturbances like noise, water pollution, and traffic safety. Regulatory frameworks, such as the French Noise Law and water management regulations, support the development and implementation of such pavements, reflecting a broader commitment to environmental and quality of life improvements in urban planning.
The paper discusses the technical, regulatory, and societal factors driving the adoption of multifunction pavements, including detailed examples of their application in French urban projects. It concludes that the multifunction pavement approach is becoming a necessity in urban development, aligning with broader objectives of sustainability, environmental stewardship, and improved urban living conditions. (Abstract generated by AI tool ChatGPT 4)
NONDESTRUCTIVE TECHNIQUE FOR EVALUATING D-CRACKING IN AIRFIELD PAVEMENTS
Authors: Kumapley Robert E. , Owusu-Antwi Emmanuel B. , Titus-Glover Leslie
Published: January 2025

D-cracking is a form of concrete deterioration associated with the use of nondurable coarse aggregates that disintegrate when saturated and subjected to repeated cycles of freezing and thawing. The distress usually originates along cracks, joints, and free edges in the lower portion of pavement slabs and progresses upward. The need for detailed investigation of D-cracking is most often triggered by the distress appearing on pavement surfaces when it has reached an advanced stage of deterioration. The early detection and tracking of D-cracking before signs are evident on an airfield pavement surface is critical to the management of resources for maintenance and rehabilitation. Currently, the investigation of D-cracking before it becomes visible at the surface is accomplished by examination of full-depth cores taken through the pavement. Coring operations to identify and track D-cracking can be expensive and time-consuming, particularly in situations where D-cracking is widespread but not visible at the surface. This paper presents a simple, efficient, cost-effective, and nondestructive technique that can be used for the early detection and investigation of D-cracking in airfield pavements, even before it appears on the surface. The procedure involves the use of the ratio of deflections at slab edge to the deflections at the slab center, DEFratio• Data used in this study were obtained from concrete pavements at six major airfields in the United States. The procedure has been tested on pavements with D-cracking and has been found to be effective.
On the Evaluation of Concrete Pavement Response with a Falling Weight Deflectometer
Authors: Hossain Mustaque , Gisi Andrew J.
Published: January 2025

Seasonal variations in pavement material properties and behavior, primarily due to variations in temperature and moisture conditions, are presumed to affect deflection response of concrete pavements. Currently, concrete pavements are tested for deflection response in Kansas with the Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD). Temperature, subgrade moisture content, and FWD-deflection data were collected monthly on three concrete pavement test sections for a year. The subgrade and concrete pavement slab moduli were backcalculated using the elastic layer theory. Joint load transfer efficiencies were also calculated. from the FWD deflections measured at the joints. The results show that the range of moisture contents encountered in the in-service concrete pavement subgrades over the seasons was not broad and did not appear to affect the subgrade response appreciably. High temperature induces slab curling in concrete pavements, thereby affecting the subgrade moduli obtained by the backcalculation process. This effect is more pronounced for the concrete pavement with cement-treated subbase. Lower temperature affects backcalculated concrete slab moduli and higher temperature results in higher joint load transfer efficiencies. Based on the studies of the hourly variation of deflection data and the effect of variations of load transfer efficiencies on rehabilitation design, it is recommended that the FWD tests be done at moderate temperatures in order to avoid high temperature effects and a reference temperature be established to evaluate joint load transfer efficiency of the pavements.
PAVEMENT CONDITION SURVEYS OF ULTRATHIN WHITETOPPING PROJECTS
Authors: Cole Lawrence W.
Published: January 2025

Ultrathin Whitetopping (UTW) has emerged as a promising technique for rehabilitating asphalt pavements by overlaying them with concrete layers of 50 mm to 100 mm thickness. This method, experimented initially in Louisville, Kentucky, with concrete overlays of 90 mm and 50 mm, showed promising results in handling traffic loadings typical for low-volume roads, residential streets, and parking lots, while significantly reducing calculated stresses due to the bonding between concrete and asphalt layers. Notably, joint spacing was found to have a considerable effect on the rate of corner cracking, a prevalent form of distress.
Following the Louisville experiment, various UTW projects across the United States were documented, focusing on their construction specifics, mixture proportions, and observed pavement performance. Pavement condition surveys were conducted using the PAVER system protocol on selected projects, revealing that most sections maintained excellent to very good ratings, with an expected service life of eight to twelve years before the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) drops below 55 (Good).
This study underscores the importance of joint spacing and underlying asphalt thickness in influencing UTW performance. Future investigations should include detailed analyses of underlying asphalt conditions and other foundational properties to enhance the understanding and application of UTW for pavement rehabilitation. (Abstract generated by AI tool ChatGPT 4)
PERFORMANCE OF ULTRA-THIN WHITETOPPING IN FLORIDA
Authors: Armaghani Jamshid M. , Tu Diep
Published: January 2025

Three experimental test tracks were constructed in Gainesville, Florida to evaluate design, construction and performance of the ultra-thin whitetopping (UTW). In Test Track 1, a 100-mm (4-in.) thick UTW was placed on existing pavement composed of 38-mm (1.5-in.) asphalt pavement and 150-mm (6-in.) concrete base. The surface of the asphalt pavement was prepared in three ways: milling, broom cleaning, and applying a thin asphalt crack relief layer (CRL). Test Track 2 consisted of 75-mm (3-in.) and 100-mm (4-in.) thick sections on a 38-mm (1.5-in.) asphalt pavement and a 163-mm (6.5-in.) base layer of sand and Florida limerock material. The surface of the asphalt pavement was prepared in two ways: milling and broom cleaning. In Test Track 3, a 50-mm (2-in.) thick concrete overlay was placed on 38-mm (1.5-in.) milled asphalt pavement and 163-mm (6.5-in.) base layer similar .to that in Test Track 2. Joint spacings in Tracks 1 and 2 were 1.22 m X 1.22 m (4 ft X 4 ft) and 1.83 m X 1.83 m (6 ft X 6 ft). Test Track 3 had 0.92 m X 0.92 m (3 ft X 3 ft) and 1.22 m X 1.22 m (4 ft X 4 ft) joint spacings. Polypropylene fibers were used in Tracks 1 and 2. Polyolefin fibers were used in Track 3. High early strength concrete was designed for the UTW. Bond strength at the concrete-asphalt interface was generally above 1.4 MPa (200 psi). The test tracks were subjected to approximately 60,000 (18-kip) ESALs using a truck loaded with concrete blocks. Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) test results showed significant improvement in the structural capacity of the pavement after placement of the UTW. Frequent condition surveys indicated excellent performance of the three test tracks. The UTW is a viable option for rehabilitation and restoration of asphalt pavements.
SEVEN YEAR PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A CPR PROJECT IN CANADA
Authors: Bradbury A. , Kazmierowski T.J.
Published: January 2025

In the summer of 1989, the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO) undertook the rehabilitation ofan exposed concrete pavement exhibiting various distress manifestations. Highway 126 in Southwestern Ontario is a four-lane divided arterial with 25,000 AADT and 15% commercial traffic. The existing pavement, constructed in 1963, consisted of 230 mm mesh reinforced Portland Cement Concrete pavement with dowelled joints at a spacing of 21.3 m. The rehabilitation of the highway in the northbound lanes consisted of using the latest developments in portland cement concrete (PCC) rehabilitation design techniques, material specifications and construction methods. The southbound lanes received an unbonded PCC overlay. The rehabilitation techniques include full depth repair, partial depth repair, diamond grinding and joint sealant replacement on the northbound lanes which had experienced moderate deterioration. The southbound lanes received a 180 mm thick plain jointed unbonded PCC overlay to address the severe 'D' cracking and spalling at all the joints and cracks. This paper will discuss the seven year performance of this rehabilitated pavement in terms of roughness measurements using the Portable Universal Roughness Device, frictional resistance measured with the ASTM brake-force trailer, Pavement Condition Ratings and crack surveys. Also included will be a discussion on subsequent localized concrete pavement repair work completed on the highway during the seven years.
Specification Synthesis and Recommendations for Repairing Uncontrolled Cracks that Occur During Concrete Pavement Construction
Authors: Voigt Gerald F.
Published: January 2025

This paper, authored by Gerald F. Voigt from the American Concrete Pavement Association, discusses the phenomenon of uncontrolled cracking in newly constructed concrete pavements, despite the implementation of contraction joints designed to manage such cracking. It delves into the causes of these cracks, influenced by factors such as jointing methods, design features, environmental conditions, and timing of saw cuts. It identifies that optimal timing for sawing contraction joints, known as the "sawing window," is crucial for preventing these uncontrolled cracks but can be affected by weather, subbase conditions, concrete mixture characteristics, and saw blade selection.
The study reviews specifications from various state highway agencies regarding jointing and repairing cracked slabs, finding significant inconsistency. It suggests that new specifications should embrace the sawing window concept, providing clear guidance for handling uncontrolled cracking that might occur during or before sawing, including recommendations for when to use early-age saws and how to approach joint skipping. Additionally, it points out the necessity for a detailed damage repair clause in these specifications.
The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of understanding the complex interplay of factors that can lead to uncontrolled cracking and the need for consistent, detailed guidelines that accommodate the variability in construction conditions to mitigate such issues effectively. (Abstract generated by AI tool ChatGPT 4)
STRENGTH CHARACTERIZATION AND A BASIS FOR SAWCUTTING REQUIREMENTS FOR JOINTED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS
Authors: Soares Jorge B. , Zollinger Dan G.
Published: January 2025

In the early life ofa concrete pavement, the pavement's tendency to change its volume due to temperature gradients and/or shrinkage can cause significant stresses due to pavement restraint to movement. Stress concentration on the tip of initial flaws or cracks leads to the propagation of these cracks. To avoid the formation of random cracks, it is common practice in jointed concrete pavement systems to induce cracks by sawcutting at specific joint locations. The spacing and location of the joints are typically determined prior to sawcutting operations. Current sawcut depth and timing requirements are related to the strength characteristics of the concrete pavement. A deficiency in this regard is that strength is not a material constant and it varies with structure geometry and size. It is common knowledge among practitioners and researchers that different test specimens provide different strength values. Also, it is unknown whether the strength obtained from the small specimens is representative of the actual notched pavement strength. New approaches that take into account the geometry and size effects are needed. An approach is presented to characterize concrete susceptibility to crack propagation. Such characterization which makes use of fracture parameters is used to determine sawcut depth and timing requirements for both longitudinal and transverse joints. The effect of slab thickness and aggregate types on those requirements is investigated and is useful in explaining the performance of different methods of sawcutting.
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON FWD MEASUREMENTS OF CONCRETE PAVEMENT
Authors: Tang Boming , Maruyama Teruhiko , Takahashi Osamu , Sugano Katsumi
Published: January 2025

It is well known that the temperature gradient through the concrete pavement slab has a significant influence on the degree of support offered by the foundation. Hence, the FWD deflection measurements of concrete pavement are dependent on temperature gradient to some extent, which makes it difficult to reasonably evaluate pavement structural conditions. On the basis of a recent experimental study, a temperature gradient prediction model for jointed concrete pavement is developed in this paper. Next, by analyzing the influence of temperature gradient on FWD measurements, the temperature gradient­ deflection correction charts are proposed. These procedures will make it easier to adjust pavement deflection data and backcalculated moduli to standard temperature gradient conditions.
THE NAMUR TEST ROAD: BEHAVIOUR OF VARIOUS TYPES OF CONTRACTION JOINTS AFTER 17 YEARS OF TRAFFIC
Authors: Fuchs F. , Jasienski A.
Published: January 2025

The Namur Test Road experiment, conducted on a 4.5 km section of State Road N 4 in Belgium, evaluated the performance of various types of contraction joints in concrete pavement over 17 years of traffic. Initiated in 1979 with daily traffic volumes of 17,000 vehicles, the experiment aimed to compare the long-term behavior of six distinct joint configurations under severe seasonal weather conditions and increasing traffic loads, which later decreased due to the opening of a nearby motorway. The study focused on joints with different dowel arrangements and sealing options, observing their activity, movement, and the effect on slab rocking. Key findings from the experiment include the realization that predictive calculations for joint movements are impractical, as only a third of the joints remained active over time. Measurements indicated minimal slab rocking across all test sections, suggesting excellent pavement performance regardless of joint type. Notably, the study underscored the effectiveness of a thick concrete overlay and efficient water drainage in maintaining pavement integrity. Differences in load transfer effectiveness were observed among joint types, although the overall impact on pavement performance was negligible. The research concluded that joint sealing did not significantly affect pavement behavior, attributing this to strong adhesion between layers and effective water drainage. This comprehensive examination of contraction joint behavior offers valuable insights into pavement design and maintenance, highlighting the critical role of structural decisions and environmental management in ensuring long-term road durability. (Abstract generated by AI tool ChatGPT 4)
TRENDS IN THE USE OF ROLLER COMPACTED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS IN CANADA
Authors: Serne Robert A.
Published: January 2025

This paper covers the development and use of Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) pavements in Canada since its inception in 1976. The application of RCC in the pavement market has undergone a major expansion and transition since its introduction to the forestry industry in Western Canada (1). Unlike other traditional paving materials, RCC has proven itself as a superior structural pavement in the first instance and is now gaining favour with roadway agencies in the more common municipal arena. Along with specialty applications such as RCC inlays for intersections (Fast-Track RCC!), designers have also used this innovative construction technique for subdivision residential and arterial roadways (2). Examples exist where RCC has been used exclusively for reconstruction of truck lanes (3) on major routes as well as alleys for garbage collection. The first RCC overlay of an existing deteriorated asphalt parking area was completed in 1996. A brief review of RCC as a material will be presented. Construction methodology common to Canada will be covered and alternative construction equipment options will be suggested (4). Example projects will form the main body of the paper. Early applications from the resource based industries in Canada such as forestry, pulp and paper and composting (5) are used to lead into the transition RCC pavement is experiencing. A broad cross-section of roadway applications and commercial uses of RCC are presented to effectively illustrate the emergence of RCC paving as a viable option for today and the future.
WHITETOPPINGS - SWEDISH FIELD TESTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Authors: Silfwerbrand Johan
Published: January 2025

In order to find methods to restore rutted asphalt pavements and increase their rutting resistance, field tests have been carried out with thin, high strength concrete overlays (whitetoppings) placed on top of the milled asphalt pavement. The concrete overlay was limited to 70 mm. Both plain and steel fibre reinforced concrete have been studied. Two different joint spacings have been investigated: 1.25 and 3.5 m. Also a test section with an overlay consisting of open asphalt filled with high strength cementitious mortar has been included in the investigation. After three years in service, the test section performance is promising. Besides test results, the paper provides recommendation for the construction of whitetoppings and suggests needs for further research.
TEACHER PROFESSIONALISM IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF STUDENT LEARNING AT MTS AN-NUR PAMEKASAN
Authors: Hosna Rofiatul , Siti Taskiyatul Fikriyah  , Amalia
Published: January 2025

This study examines the learning process carried out by teachers that has an impact on their professionalism in student learning motivation at MTs An-Nur Pamekasan. The research taken for the smoothness and quality of this work is qualitative research. By utilizing interviews to collect the necessary data, observation to strengthen the information that was touched, and documentation to support the complete and strong data that the researcher has found. Research findings show that the role of teacher professionalism in the teaching and learning process greatly influences students' learning motivation so that the impact that will be affected is their learning outcomes.
EFFECTIVENESS OF ENDORPHIN MASSAGE ON LABOR PAIN IN THE ACTIVE PHASE: EVIDENCE BASED CASE REPORT (EBCR)
Authors: Alviatussyamsiah Nur , Noviani Fadilah Lola , Yanti Yulidar
Published: January 2025

Background: : In Indonesia, 16% of women labor experienced birth complications and 21% stated that the labor they experienced was painful because they felt excruciating pain. Pain is a cause of frustration and despair so some women labor often feel that they will not be able to undergo the birthing process. One non-pharmacological treatment to reduce pain is Endorphin Massage in the form of touch therapy or light massage performed on pregnant women before delivery.
Methods: Research was conducted through literature searches from several e-data-based sources such as Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar in 2018-2023.
Result And Discussion: Giving endorphin massage for 10 minutes during the first stage of labor in the active phase was proven to reduce the pain scale of women labor in labor
Conclusion: Endorphin massage is an effective way to reduce pain during the first active phase of labor.
Acetylcholinesterase Activity Evaluated in Molluscs – A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Lucas Renata M. da Silva , Gonçalves Filipe Joaquim , Rodrigues Francisco A. Á. , Oliveira Ligia Cláudia Castro de
Published: January 2025

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is determined as an enzyme linked to the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) and is classified as a marker of neurotoxicity. Mollusks have been widely used as sentinels in monitoring programs, especially bivalve mollusks, as evaluators of contaminants in aquatic environments. This article aims to use bibliometric analysis techniques to detect trends in methods used to evaluate AChE activity in mollusks and investigate the current status and frontiers of publications. The present study was used as a basis for performing the bibliometric analysis data obtained through a bibliographic search in the CAPES Portal (Web of Science) database; for this analysis, 25 articles were used, including after selection and exclusion. Based on the results obtained with this research, although quite old, the Ellman method (1961) is still the most widely used due to its effectiveness in determining AChE activity. The species Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. is quite susceptible to assessing this activity and the Bivalve mollusk group is the most used for such study, on the other hand, the Cephalopod group is very little used. The bibliometric analysis revealed gaps that reflect enormous missed opportunities in improving the health of aquatic ecosystems and highlight the urgency of the scientific community to intensify efforts in scientific studies, helping to promote the health of aquatic ecosystems.
Bullying nas escolas: a visão dos professores no combate e prevenção
Authors: Luís Maria Dulcilene Pereira da Silva
Published: January 2025

O bullying nas escolas é um fenômeno complexo que afeta o ambiente escolar e o desenvolvimento dos estudantes de forma profunda e duradoura. As agressões físicas, psicológicas e verbais, assim como a exclusão social, são algumas das manifestações que caracterizam o bullying, cujas consequências incluem desde a baixa autoestima até problemas graves de saúde mental para as vítimas. Diante desse cenário, os professores desempenham um papel fundamental no combate e na prevenção do bullying nas escolas. Como figuras de autoridade e modelos de comportamento para os alunos, eles estão em posição privilegiada para identificar, intervir e mediar conflitos. Nesse contexto, os professores desempenham um papel fundamental no combate e na prevenção do bullying nas escolas. Como figuras de autoridade e modelos de comportamento para os alunos, eles estão em posição privilegiada para identificar, intervir e mediar conflitos. No entanto, o preparo e a percepção dos professores sobre o bullying variam significativamente, dependendo de fatores como a formação, as políticas escolares e os recursos disponíveis. Conclui-se que, a análise das perspectivas dos professores sobre o bullying escolar evidencia a complexidade desse problema, que afeta profundamente tanto o ambiente acadêmico quanto o bem-estar emocional dos alunos. A maioria dos docentes reconhece que o bullying tem impactos sérios no desenvolvimento dos estudantes, prejudicando o desempenho acadêmico e fomentando um ambiente de medo e insegurança. A prevenção e intervenção eficazes são consideradas essenciais, com muitos professores destacando a importância de estratégias que envolvam a comunidade escolar de maneira ampla.
Metodologia de Acompanhamento de Organização Criminosa com foco no Primeiro Comando da Capital – PCC
Authors: Moreira Willians Taurino
Published: January 2025

O presente trabalho aborda a necessidade de aprimorar a integração entre os órgãos de segurança pública nas esferas federal e estadual para o acompanhamento eficaz e sistemático das organizações criminosas, especialmente facções como o Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC). Considerando o crescimento dessas organizações e os desafios impostos pela limitada mão de obra especializada, objetiva-se propor uma metodologia que otimize os recursos disponíveis, evite retrabalho entre agências e adote boas práticas no trabalho conjunto das forças de segurança operacionais, investigativas e de inteligência. Para tanto, utiliza-se uma abordagem sistêmica e integrada, com foco na construção de um panorama macro que permita compreender a dinâmica interna das organizações criminosas e antecipar potenciais crises ou ameaças à segurança pública e ao Estado. Como resultados, observa-se que o trabalho integrado, aliado ao uso eficiente de dados e recursos, facilita o combate estruturado às atividades ilícitas e promove maior eficiência nas operações de segurança. Conclui-se que a implementação de metodologias padronizadas e colaborativas é essencial para enfrentar os desafios do crime organizado de forma estratégica, garantindo um acompanhamento contínuo e prevenindo ações criminosas de grande impacto.
Tomografia Post-Mortem vs autópsia convencional: a revolução na investigação forense
Authors: Silva Paula Eduarda Vicente da , Borges Matheus de Almeida , Polati Gabriella Oliveira , Almeida Giselle Assunção de , Silva Fabio Calado da , Simão Ricardo Silva , Rodrigues Guilherme Oberto
Published: January 2025

A tomografia computadorizada (TC) revolucionou a pesquisa médica post-mortem ao oferecer uma alternativa menos invasiva e mais eficiente em comparação com a necropsia convencional. Tradicionalmente, a autópsia era o método primário para determinar a causa da morte. A TCPM permite a visualização interna do corpo sem abertura, preservando estruturas como o crânio e facilitando diagnósticos detalhados por meio de imagens digitais. A capacidade de reconstrução 3D da TC também melhora a identificação e localização de projéteis em homicídios, além de fornecer documentação permanente e acessível (Leanderson et al. 2021). A autópsia tem sido crucial na Medicina Legal desde a antiguidade, evoluindo no século XIX com novos equipamentos e técnicas. O projeto "Virtopsy" no século XX destacou a eficácia da TC no escaneamento de vítimas, introduzindo o conceito de "virtópsia" e o papel crescente das tecnologias de imagem na resolução forense (Telian N. et al. 2020). Estudos mostram que a angiotomografia pós-morte detecta 89,9% das lesões, superando a autópsia (61,3%) (Lee, H, et al. 2019). É especialmente útil em situações em que a autópsia não é viável. Em acidentes, a TCPM oferece dados cruciais sobre lesões, apoiado a análise de causas de morte especialmente em casos de mortes violentas, diferenciando lesões traumáticas de alterações post-morte (A. Moskała 2026).
Giant parathyroid adenoma associated with brown sphenoidal tumor: case report
Authors: Lima Bruna Moura , Soares Ludmila Hipólito Mesquita , Lima Tatiana Romagnoli Barbosa de , Borges Pedro Neves , Reis Bruno de Souza Bianchi , Teixeira Waldomiro Barbosa , Soares Debora Vieira
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The main etiology of Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHTP) is a single parathyroid adenoma. Giant parathyroid adenomas, classified as such when they weigh > 3.5 g and are > 2 cm in diameter, are rarely described. The aim of this article is to report an PHTP case caused by giant parathyroid adenoma associated with severe osteitis fibrosa cystica lesions of atypical location. Case Report: Female, 40 years old, history of recurrent nephrolithiasis since the age of 20. The patient also reported intense headache. Imaging examination of the skull revealed an expansive lesion centered on the right sphenoid sinus, extending across part of the greater wing of the right sphenoid bone and affecting the clivus, characterized as a bone lesion suggestive of osteitis fibrosa cystica. Diagnostic investigation showed hypercalcemia (corrected total calcium 13.8 mg/dL; NR: 8.4-10.2 mg/dL) and hyperparathyroidism (PTH 1883 pg/mL; NR: 15-68.3 pg/mL). The surgical approach showed a parathyroid tumor measuring 4.8 x 2.7 x 1.8 cm. The patient also had bilateral renal lithiasis, an atrophic right kidney with staghorn calculi; in addition to multiple lytic lesions and some with insufflated appearance with cortical rupture in the vertebrae, ribs, hips, skull and mandible. Final Considerations: Giant parathyroid adenoma is a rare cause of PHPT and may present with severe fibrous osteitis and lithiasis, mimicking parathyroid carcinoma.
Benefícios da prática do despertar diário em pacientes críticos internados sob sedação em unidades de terapia intensiva
Authors: Saraiva Tatiana de Oliveira , Santos Levy Dalton da Silva , Fidelis Anna Karoline Liberal , Silva Gabriel Morais , Figueiredo Victor Sampaio , Loeff Sthael , Silva José Augusto Ferreira da , Farias Wanderson Santos de
Published: January 2025

Minimizar o uso de sedativos e a utilização de estratégias para sedação que permitem que os pacientes fiquem despertos são benéficos para a melhora clínica e, consequente, menor tempo de internação. Métodos para o desmame da sedação e despertar precoce dos pacientes são utilizados para diminuir o risco de complicações. Um deles é o despertar diário, protocolo o qual permite que a sedação dos pacientes seja revogada no início de cada dia e a sua reação seja observada. O estudo tem como objetivo compreender a importância da utilização da prática do despertar diário em pacientes internados sob o uso de sedativos em unidades de terapia intensiva. Esta pesquisa corresponde a uma revisão integrativa, descritiva e retrospectiva. A busca ao acervo bibliográfico foi realizada nas bases de dados SciElO, PubMed e BVS, a partir dos seguintes termos: sedation, intensive e weaning. A finalidade dessa prática é atenuar os efeitos negativos das drogas sedativas a longo prazo e tornar possível o efeito sedativo desejado com a menor dose possível dos fármacos utilizados, sem causar desconforto. É possível observar que a prática do despertar diário em pacientes críticos internados sob sedação em unidades de terapia intensiva fornece diversos benefícios. Quando comparado o uso de benzodiazepínicos e propofol, não houve diferença no período de internação ou do uso de ventilação mecânica.
Applications of machine learning and artificial intelligence in the oil and gas industry: a study of keywords and research results
Authors: Povoas Marcelo dos Santos , Moreira Jéssica Freire , Lima Gilson Brito Alves , Martins Neto Severino Virgínio
Published: January 2025

The integration of advanced machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in the oil and gas industry is rapidly evolving, focusing on improving operational predictions and optimizations. This study investigates the frequency and interconnectedness of key terms associated with these technologies through network diagrams and academic research results. An extensive search in the Scopus database revealed significant trends and patterns, highlighting the central role of forecasting and optimization within the industry. The interdisciplinary nature of the research underscores the need for collaboration across various fields to tackle complex challenges. While data quality and infrastructure pose challenges, the potential for enhanced efficiency, reduced costs, and increased safety through AI and ML applications is substantial. Case studies demonstrate the practical benefits, and future advancements promise deeper integration of these technologies into industry operations.
Financial assets selection under the Factor Investing scheme with the support of a Machine Learning algorithm
Authors: Rodríguez Carlos
Published: January 2025

In this article, the author examines one of the most viable Machine Learning methods for its expeditious implementation in the financial industry, which does not require high computing capacity as required by the most sophisticated Artificial Intelligence techniques that have emerged today. This is the binary tree classification method, which is a supervised learning algorithm, part of the arsenal of Machine Learning algorithms.
This algorithm can be applied efficiently with a medium computing capacity and adequate knowledge of Machine Learning techniques.
An appropriate understanding of the behavior of financial markets is essential for its good implementation, particularly of the reports issued by publicly traded companies.
The case study of this algorithm in the financial industry is in a modern asset allocation scheme known as Factor Investing.
The implementation of Binary Trees for this task is suitable, as it is an asset classification task.
This study shows that through machine learning, specifically binary trees, investors and portfolio managers can identify factors that support their investment strategies.
Fabrication of Chrysin-Loaded Hyaluronic Acid Decorated Niosomal Nanoparticles: Potential Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Osteoclastic Effects on PBMCs of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Nadhim Sahib Sarah , Jawad Altuma Fadhil , Hameed Odda Atheer , Al-Tu’ma Maha M. Kadhim
Published: January 2025

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a persistent autoimmune condition characterized by joint inflammation and degradation, impacting individuals with varying degrees of severity. Its pathogenesis involves diverse factors, encompassing genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and immune system dysregulation. The current management of rheumatoid arthritis involves the utilization of TNF-α inhibitors, methotrexate, and other targeted therapies. Chrysin is a natural flavonoid possessing diverse pharmacological properties and antioxidant and anti-inflammation activities. However, chrysin encounters limitations in bioavailability due to its low aqueous solubility and rapid metabolism. Targeted therapy using nanoparticle systems is a novel approach to overcome these difficulties. Methods: The hyaluronic acid-decorated niosomal nanoparticles were fabricated using the thin-film hydration method and characterized by various techniques (DLS, AFM, SEM, FT-IR, and drug release pattern analysis). The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from blood samples of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and various factors levels, including nitric oxide, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, TAC, SOD, GPx, as well as the expression levels of TIMP1, MMP9, and RANKL genes were evaluated. Results: The fabricated nanoparticles demonstrated spherical morphology with 199±10.7 nm Size, 0.653 PDI, and −15.38±2.8 zeta potential. The FT-IR results confirmed the successful incorporation of substances inside niosomal NPs. 76% of loaded chrysin inside hyaluronic acid-decorated niosomal NPs released after 120 hours. The treatment with chrysin loaded niosomal NPs successfully decreased the inflammatory agent (nitric oxide), inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α), and osteoclastic related genes (MMP9 and RANKL) expression level. On the other hand, the activity of antioxidant agents (TAC, SOD, and GPx), anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), and anti-osteoclastic related genes (TIMP1) were found to increase. Conclusion: Taken together, the hyaluronic acid-decorated niosomal nano drug delivery system was acceptable in terms of characteristics and was able to direct the chrysin in the vicinity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Empathy and spiritual health in nurses predicts their general health: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Gerami Mohammad Saber , Tutunchian Saba , Ebrahimpour Maryam
Published: January 2025

Background. The Aim of this study was to investigate predictability of general health based on the level of spiritual health and empathy in nurses. Different dimensions of health have an interactive relationship with one another. In recent years an explosion of studies emphasizes on spiritual health. A nurse’s relationship with spiritual dimension of Him/herself has grave impact on the quality of care he/she provides. Empathy reduces nurses job burnout and at the same time reduces patient’s distress. We aimed to determine their roles in general health. Methods. The descriptive research method was correlation type. The research sample included 175 nurses of Tabriz city, Iran, in 2023 and it was carried out by a convenience sampling method. Data were collected through General health questionnaire (GHQ), Spiritual well-being scale (SWBS) and Davis empathy scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient and enter regression. Results. The findings of the research show that there is a significant relationship between empathy and General health of nurses. We also found a significant relationship between spiritual health and general health. Existential health to some extent can predict general health better than spiritual health. In empathy and general health female nurses had higher score than males. Conclusion. This study focused on empathy and spiritual health and their effect on general health. According to the finding of this study general health are predicted based on Spiritual health and empathy. This means that the more empathy and spiritual health the nurses have, the lower is the level of their physical symptoms, anxiety, depression and social dysfunction. Practical implications. the finding of this study can be applied for prevention of job burnout in nurses. Due to nature of spiritual health that can be learned we can teach nurses to cultivate their spiritual health and monitor their job burnout via empathy. Hence it could be used in teaching empathy to nurses and improve their academic curriculum.
On Extension of Existing Results on the Diophantine Equation: \(\sum_{r=1}^n w_r^2+\frac{n}{3} d^2=3\left(\frac{n d^2}{3}+\sum_{r=1}^{\frac{n}{3}} w_{3 r-1}^2\right)\)
Authors: Osogo Nyakebogo Abraham , Simatwo Kimtai Boaz
Published: January 2025

Let $w_r$ be a given sequence in arithmetic progression with common difference $d$. The study of diophantine equation, which are polynomial equations seeking integer solutions has been a very interesting journey in the field of number theory. Historically, these equations have attracted the attention of many mathematicians due to their intrinsic challenges and their significance in understanding the properties of integers. In this current study we examine a diophantine equation relating the sum of square integers from specific sequences to a variable $d$. In particular, on extension of existing results on the diophantine equation: $\sum_{r=1}^{n} w^2_r +\frac{n}{3}d^2= 3(\frac{nd^2}{3} +\sum^{\frac{n}{3}}_{n=1} w^{2}_{3r-1})$ is introduced and partially characterized.
PRACTICAL OPERATION OF ASEXUAL PLANT REPRODUCTION: DETERMINATION OF SKILLS LEVEL AMONG TRAINING TEACHER
Authors: Mohd Shamsudin Nur Syuhadah , Mohd Salleh Anizah , Abu Kassim Faizah , Hassan Nurulasyikin , Mahdzir Mazura
Published: January 2025

Training teachers in the field of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) are trained and designed to become a teacher who is skilled, knowledgeable, positive and interested in the profession. However, the skills level of training teachers is often hindered by knowledge and attitude towards practical teaching. Therefore, this study carried out to identify the factors and challenges that affect the skills level of training teachers as well as suggest steps to increase the competence level of skills in the practical operation of asexual plant reproduction. This quantitative study uses an online survey questionnaire involving 52 respondents consisting of students in Semester 6, 7 and 8. The skills level of training teachers in practical operation of asexual plant reproduction can be divided into plant organ reproduction (M=3.66), stem cuttings (M=3.64), leaf cuttings (M=2.99), root cuttings (M=2.94), wedge grafting (M=2.83), marcotting (M=2.72), bud grafting (M=2.71), and side grafting (M=2.30). The level of this skills is influenced by the factors of attitude (M=4.44) and knowledge (M=3.96). Overall, the skills level of training teachers is at a moderate level with an average mean value of 2.97. The challenge of training teachers in practical operation of asexual plant reproduction is closely related to the factors of teaching tools (M=3.52) and plant materials (M=3.31). Meanwhile, the suggestion to increase the competency level of training teachers’ skills shows that a total of 44 training teachers chose and interested in attending the Plant Breeding Course as a skills upgrade course. As an implication, this study focused on Bachelor of Agricultural Science Education students as a preparation for training teachers before becoming a TVET teacher in order to have the knowledge, skills and attitudes appropriate to the teaching profession.